bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physical Characteristics of Immobilized Cells Acetobacter xylinum of Various Concentrations of Na-alginate
Authors: Indraningtyas Lathifa , Kustyawati Maria Erna , Fitriah Nafiatul
Published: July 2024

Immobilization of Acetobacter xylinum cells by trapping technique is considered one way to maintain cell viability and can be used repeatedly. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical characteristics of immobilized cells in different concentrations of Na-alginate and apply them to the manufacture of nata de coco, as well as to see the surface and pore shape of immobilized cells after fermentation. This study used a descriptive method with visual observation. This study used one factor, namely various concentrations of Na-alginate, namely 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% w/v. The immobilized cells applied to the manufacture of nata de coco had only a Na-alginate concentration of 3% resulting in a nata fiber layer close to that of a control. Immobilized cells with a Na-alginate concentration of 2% have a cracked, slightly pore surface with a size of 60.37 μm, while a Na-alginate concentration of 5%, have a smooth surface, many pores, with a size of 10.55 μm. Thus, the concentration affects the characteristics of immobilized cells. Application of immobilized cells with a Na-alginate concentration of 3% produces nata de coco with a fairly thick and stable fiber layer characteristic (close to control).
Levels of Oxidative Stress in Rats Treated with Calorie Restrictive Treatment and 50% Sucrose Solution
Authors: Mukhtar Diniwati , Amsaka Azha Azzuna , Pd Fanny Ratnasari , Royhan Aan , Ridwan Karina Ajeng
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze the level of stress oxidative with treatment calorie restrictions and administration of sucrose solution. This study was a laboratory experimental study with 12 male white rats (Wistar strain) as subjects for caloric restrictive treatment and 12 rats for 50% sucrose solution. Where each group of rats is determined by the dependent and independent variables. Using the pre-posttest control design, the dependent variable of caloric restriction, and the independent variable malondialdehyde. The dependent variables used were body weight using a scale, fasting blood glucose using a glucometer, and MDA using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The independent variable used was the administration of 50% sucrose solution. The data were statistically analyzed by T-test analysis. There was no significant decrease in MDA levels in the caloric restriction treatment rats (p = 0.060), besides that there was a significant difference in body weight in both the control and sucrose groups (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in fasting blood sugar in the control group (p > 0.05) and there was a significant difference in the sucrose group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum MDA levels in either the control or sucrose groups (p > 0.05). There is an effect of calorie restriction on MDA levels. Also, administration of 50% sucrose solution for 4 weeks had a significant effect on the rats' body weight and blood glucose but did not have a significant effect on serum MDA levels.
Anticancer Potential of Ethanolic Extract Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. Leaves against Human Colon Cancer WiDr Cell Line
Authors: Mutiyani Novita , Nuriliani Ardaning
Published: July 2024

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) is a plant contains various compounds that has potential as anticancer drugs. Secondary metabolites of jackfruit leaves are flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, triterpenoids, and saponins. A typical flavonoid compound group in the Artocarpus genus, namely artocarpin, is able to kill cancer cells through apoptosis. Not many have conducted cytotoxicity research and apoptosis induction of ethanolic extracts from jackfruit leaves, especially against WiDr colon cancer cells. Therefore, this study aims to study the cytotoxic effects and apoptosis induction of ethanolic extracts of jackfruit leaves against WiDr colon cancer cells. The research was conducted by cytotoxicity test using the MTT assay. Apoptosis test was done using double staining method with AO/PI dye. The treatment was conducted at various concentrations of ethanolic extract of jackfruit leaves, doxorubicin as positive control, and DMSO as solvent control. The data were analyzed by one way ANOVA (p ≤ 0.05) and continued using Tukey HSD Post Hoc test. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of jackfruit leaves was not toxic to WiDr cells with an IC50 740.43 μg/mL, but could significantly reduce cell viability at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. The ethanolic extract of jackfruit leaves could also induce apoptotic cell death at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. Based on these results, ethanolic extract of jackfruit leaves has little potential to be developed as an anticancer drug.
The Neuroprotective and Therapeutic Effects of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products against Aluminium Chloride-Induced Alzheimer’s Disease: Recent Update
Authors: Ojetunde Ayodeji Oluwatobi
Published: July 2024

Alzheimer's disease currently affects more than 35 million individuals worldwide. Aluminium has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cognitive disorders. Meanwhile, aluminium chloride (AlCl3) has a significant impact on the progression of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease. The majority of Alzheimer's disease medications now on the market are cholinesterase inhibitors. However, the effectiveness of these drugs is limited because they can't totally arrest the progression of the disease. The utilization of medicinal plants and natural products may present excellent prospective options for Alzheimer's disease prevention and therapy. This study summarized medicinal plants and natural products for the prevention and treatment of AlCl3-induced Alzheimer’s disease as an alternative therapy using published data in the literature from the years 2021-2023. The medicinal plants and natural products help to reduce Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis by controlling different pathways and could be used as a therapeutic agent against the symptoms. The majority of the medicinal plants and natural products discussed in this review have been shown to have neuroprotective, antioxidant, anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, anticholinesterase, anti-apoptotic, and therapeutic actions. Therefore, medicinal plants and natural products may offer neuroprotective and therapeutic effects in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Empowering Vulnerable Populations through Technology: Innovations and Challenges in Social Work
Authors: PHAM Minh Khang , NHAN Thi Lac An , VUONG Nguyen Toan Thien , NGUYEN Mai Bao Thy , NGUYEN Phuong Nam , SANDIRAMOURTY Shridevi , NGUYEN Thi Tu Uyen , PHAM Ngoc Gia Bao , NGUYEN Truong Thanh Hai
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study aims to explore the efficacy of integrating digital solutions and technological aids in social work practices, specifically for assisting vulnerable populations. It investigates the historical and current relevance of technology in social work, with a focus on overcoming the digital divide that restricts access for these groups.
Methodology: Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, this research combines qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including surveys, interviews, and observational studies, to examine the advantages and limitations of digital interventions like telehealth platforms compared to traditional face-to-face services. Additionally, it delves into the potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and related technologies to foster independence among vulnerable populations.
Findings: The study reveals that while digital solutions offer significant benefits, including increased accessibility and potential for personalization through AI, they also present challenges, notably the digital divide due to economic, cognitive, and socio-cultural barriers. It suggests that hybrid models incorporating both digital and traditional methods could enhance social work practices. The research underscores the importance of addressing ethical considerations in the deployment of AI technologies.
Originality: This research contributes original insights into the integration of technology within social work, highlighting the complexities of the digital divide and proposing a strategic framework for incorporating technological aids. It offers a foundational understanding of how digital tools can complement traditional social work practices, ensuring ethical considerations are prioritized. Furthermore, it opens avenues for future research on the dynamic interplay between technology and social work, aiming for a more inclusive and effective approach to supporting vulnerable populations.
Od Redakcji
Authors: Churski Paweł
Published: July 2024

W bieżącym numerze specjalnym, zawierającym artykuły z III Polskiej Konferencji Badań Miejskich i Regionalnych POLREG 2023, w miejsce działu Nowości Wydawniczych, zapraszamy Państwa do zapoznania się z komunikatem dotyczącym IV Polskiej Konferencji POLREG 2024, która odbędzie się w dniach 20–22 października 2024 r. w Poznaniu.
Strategia rozwoju ponadlokalnego jako nowy instrument zintegrowanego planowania – doświadczenia i rekomendacje
Authors: Maleszyk Piotr , Szafran Joanna
Published: July 2024

Celem artykułu była ocena strategii rozwoju ponadlokalnego jako instrumentu zintegrowanego planowania rozwoju miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych (MOF). Ocena koncentrowała się na integracji planowania strategicznego i przestrzennego oraz współpracy lokalnych samorządów. Analizą objęto proces przygotowania jedenastu strategii rozwoju ponadlokalnego MOF ośrodków subregionalnych (średnich i dużych miast). Wśród uwarunkowań współpracy omówiono prawne formy współdziałania samorządów, instrumenty terytorialne w programach regionalnych, delimitację MOF i postawy decydentów. Stwierdzono, że proces ponadlokalnego planowania strategicznego oraz tworzona infrastruktura współpracy mogą zapewnić terytorialne ukierunkowania inwestycji finansowanych ze środków europejskich, są jednak zdecydowanie niewystarczające do osiągnięcia zintegrowanego planowania i zarządzania rozwojem MOF. Sformułowano również rekomendacje dla polityk publicznych.
Aleksandra Mężykowska, Establishment of the Registry of Damage – The first element in ensuring Russia’s financial accountability for the aggression against Ukraine, „European Society of International Law” 2023, vol. 12, no. 3
Authors: Dąbrowska Anna
Published: July 2024

Przegląd wybranych czasopism zagranicznych: Aleksandra Mężykowska, Establishment of the Registry of Damage – The first element in ensuring Russia’s financial accountability for the aggression against Ukraine (Utworzenie Rejestru Szkód – pierwszy element zapewnienia odpowiedzialności finansowej Rosji za agresję na Ukrainę), „European Society of International Law” 2023, vol. 12, no. 3, s. 1–10, https://esil-sedi.eu/esil-reflection-establishment-of-the-registry-of-damage-the-first-element-in-ensuring-russias-financial-accountability-for-the-aggression-against-ukraine/ (opr. Anna Dąbrowska)
Framing the Research and Engaging the Reader in Graduate Engineering Students’ Abstracts
Authors: Bogdanović Vesna , Gak Dragana
Published: July 2024

Writing an abstract is a challenging assignment for graduate students as it requires condensing all the extensive research into a few sentences, providing sufficient background knowledge, and presenting findings compellingly to the academic community. This study observes how graduate engineering students cope with writing their abstracts for their first published papers, with a specific focus on metadiscourse. The study is based on the learner corpus of 1,746 abstracts (117,535 words) written by non-native English speakers in English and Serbian during their Master’s studies. The research follows Hyland’s taxonomy, focusing on interactive frame markers and interactional engagement markers, together with metadiscursive nouns in order to uncover cross-linguistic patterns and pedagogical implications. The comparison of the absolute and relative frequency with statistical significance and log likelihood between Serbian and English sub-corpora demonstrates that students tend to use frame markers with greater frequency in Serbian abstracts than in English ones. Additionally, engagement markers, and especially directives, are used twice as often as frame markers in both sub-corpora, with a higher prevalence in English abstracts. Following the qualitative and quantitative analyses, the findings offer pedagogical implications related to the range of frame markers and metadiscursive nouns used by students to introduce their research aims and the range of engagement markers used to engage readers in their research and thus claim their credibility in academic writing.
The Use of Metadiscourse Markers in the Spoken Discourse of Different EMI Disciplines
Authors: Aykut-Kolay Cansu , Inan-Karagul Banu
Published: July 2024

Metadiscourse (MD) allows instructors to organize classroom discourse and reflect their own style while delivering the content. MD has been studied for years, especially with a focus on written contexts even though the number of studies conducted on spoken contexts in different educational settings has a tendency to increase. With the increasing spread of English medium instruction (EMI) across the world, the role of MD in EMI classroom discourse has become a field of research that is worth investigating. Concerning the Turkish context, MD has recently been a popular research area, but there are limited number of studies conducted the examination of MD in spoken interactions in the Turkish context. To this end, the current study aims to investigate the distribution and lexicogrammatical realizations of metadiscourse markers employed by the lecturers in the spoken discourse of different EMI courses. A corpus-based discourse analysis was carried out by referring to Ädel’s (2010) framework of metadiscourse. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of the corpus collected from 36 hours of lesson observation have revealed some variations in both the distribution and realization of metadiscursive categories in different EMI courses.
Impact of Gamified Problem Sheets in Seppo on Self-Regulation Skills
Authors: Opriș Edina-Timea , Zsoldos-Marchis Iuliana , Egri Edit
Published: July 2024

Problem-solving competency is important not only in many careers but also in everyday life. Successful problem solvers regulate their cognitive processes and emotions. Our research aimed to study the impact of gamified problem sheets designed in Seppo on self-regulated learning skills. The intervention was carried out with second-year students in the specialization of Primary and Preschool Pedagogy. The research tool was a self-regulated problem-solving scale that was used as a pre- and posttest. In the experimental group, gamification lasted for 6 weeks. The game had 3 levels and the players could choose exercises from any level they wished. The results show that the gamified task sheet helped students to stay motivated and made problem-solving more enjoyable, but decreased some of their self-regulated processes, such as checking the correctness of the solution or searching for more solutions. This decrease could be explained by some psychological theories, the game elements, and the rules of the Seppo gamified problem sheets used in the intervention. On the basis of the conclusions, the role of some gamification aspects in developing different self-regulated processes can be identified, and the importance of a careful design of gamified problem sheets is highlighted.
Strukturierung von aufgabenbasierten Lernarrangements aus inklusiver und potenzialorientierter Perspektive
Authors: Roters Bianca
Published: July 2024

In diesem Artikel wird beleuchtet, wie aufgabenbasierte inklusive Lernumgebungen im Fremdsprachenunterricht durch die Integration expliziter Unterrichtselemente so strukturiert werden können, dass durch die lernendenorientierte Förderung eine bestmögliche Potenzialentfaltung ermöglicht wird. Es werden Erkenntnisse zur Explizierung von Lernwegen, zur Aufmerksamkeitssteuerung und zur selbstständigen Strategieauswahl vorgestellt, die zu einer kognitiven Entlastung der Lernenden beitragen können.
Dihydropyrimidinase deficiency with atrioventricular septal defect: a case report
Authors: Erdal İzzet , Yıldız Yılmaz , Kuseyri Hübschmann Oya , Haas Dorothea , Günbey Ceren , Ertuğrul İlker , Yalnızoğlu Dilek
Published: July 2024

Objectives

Dihydropyrimidinase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of the pyrimidine degradation pathway, with fewer than 40 patients published. Clinical findings are variable and some patients may remain asymptomatic. Global developmental delay and increased susceptibility to 5-fluorouracil are commonly reported. Here we present atrioventricular septal defect as a novel feature in dihydropyrimidinase deficiency.

Case presentation

A four-year-old male with global developmental delay, dysmorphic facies, autistic features and a history of seizures was diagnosed with dihydropyrimidinase deficiency based on strikingly elevated urinary dihydrouracil and dihydrothymine and a homozygous pathogenic nonsense variant in DPYS gene. He had a history of complete atrioventricular septal defect corrected surgically in infancy.

Conclusions

This is the second report of congenital heart disease in dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, following a single patient with a ventricular septal defect. The rarity of the disease and the variability of the reported findings make it difficult to describe a disease-specific clinical phenotype. The mechanism of neurological and other systemic findings is unclear. Dihydropyrimidinase deficiency should be considered in patients with microcephaly, developmental delay, epilepsy and autistic traits. We suggest that congenital heart disease may also be a rare phenotypic feature.
Transacting in Objectification: Racism, Psychoanalysis, and the Temptations of Empiricism
Authors: Martinez Jimenez Anaís
Published: July 2024

This article examines five contributions published in the early volumes (1913–1917) of The Psychoanalytic Review, written by John E. Lind and Arrah B. Evarts. It reflects on how they address the topic of race and its relation to psychoanalytic theory, highlighting the ways of purported neutrality of empirical research and how it serves a fantasy through which racism is enacted and sustained.
Fabricating the Black Psyche: Saint Elizabeths Hospital and The Psychoanalytic Review
Authors: Davis Indy
Published: July 2024

Between 1913 and 1917, The Psychoanalytic Review published several studies that argued for a distinct Black psyche. They were edited by the journal's co-founder, William Alanson White, and conducted by the staff at Saint Elizabeths Hospital in Washington, DC, where White served as superintendent. This article provides a brief historical context for better understanding of why and how The Review paid attention to the comparative study of race.
Apuntes sobre la poética de Leopoldo Marechal
Authors: González Daniela Soledad
Published: July 2024

Upon reading Adam Buenosayres, by Leopoldo Marechal, various metapoetic reflections can be found on the essence of poetry, inspiration, the mode of literary representation. However, some sections provide a greater condensation of these reflections. A hermeneutical analysis is presented of two sections of this book in which Marechal’s poetry is explained with clarity, order and condensation: the «Prólogo indispensable» and the episode of Ciro Bower (chapter I, book IV). In addition, the «Claves del Adán Buenosayres» are reviewed. This analysis is completed with comments about Marechal’s poetry taken from specialized literature.
Effects of thermal treatment on air-dried density, color change, average surface roughness, and sound absorption capacity of Scots pine
Authors: Uzun Oğuzhan , Yeşil Hüseyin , Perçin Osman
Published: July 2024

This study was conducted to investigate some characteristics of thermally treated Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood specimens such as air-dried density, color change, average surface roughness, and sound absorption capacity. Heat treatment of Scots pine wood was performed at atmospheric pressure at 140, 160, 180, and 200 °C for 2 h. As a result, the air-dried density values of the thermally treated wood decreased as the temperature of the thermal treatment increased. With the increase of thermal treatment temperature, an increase in total color change values was detected on the surfaces of the samples and the color of the samples became darker. The average surface roughness (Ra) value of samples improved due to thermal treatment conditions and the highest value was determined in thermally treated samples at 200 °C as 3.59 μm. At 140 °C the value of maximum sound absorption coefficient was observed to be 0.48 at 2500 Hz and the highest sound transmission loss value, which was 36.7 dB, was measured at 6300 Hz and at 200 °C.
Application of surface-modified carboxymethylated nanofibrillated cellulose as a strength enhancer for specialty paper
Authors: Jo Hae Min , Lee Ji Young , Kim Tae Young
Published: July 2024

Pretreated carboxymethylated nanofibrillated cellulose (CM-NFC) was tested as a strength enhancer for specialty paper, such as banknotes made from cotton linter mixed pulp (CLMP). The pretreatment agent was cationic poly(acrylamide) (C-PAM). The CM-CMF prototype was supplied by a Korean manufacturer. Laboratory tests and pilot trials were performed to evaluate the strength enhancement of banknotes incorporated with surface-modified CM-NFC and determine the process problems encountered in a pilot paper machine. The CM-NFC was surface modified with 0.1% C-PAM without any agglomerates. The prepared laboratory handsheets had high paper strength, which was attributed to the higher nanofibril content of surface-modified CM-NFC compared with that of unmodified CM-NFC. Pilot trials showed that the incorporation of 3% surface-modified CM-NFC was highly effective in promoting the strength of banknote without low retention and drainability on the wet-end part of the pilot paper machine. Therefore, surface-modified CM-NFC at a controlled dosage could be used as a strength enhancer for specialty paper without incurring serious problems in a paper mill.
Production of low-cost lactic acid from dairy wastes and dates wastewater and bioactive silver-poly (lactic acid) nanocomposite for biological applications
Authors: Muthuramamoorthy Muthumareeswaran , Aldalbahi Ali , Alanzi Khwater Mishaal Radi , Pandiaraj Saravanan , Karuppiah Ponmurugan , Govindasami Periyasami
Published: July 2024

L-Lactic acid-producing Lactobacillus lactis and L. plantarum were isolated from date wastes. The fermentation process was optimized using a one-variable-at-a-time approach. Dairy wastewater and wastewater from the date industry were utilized as low-cost culture media to produce lactic acid. The selected two bacterial strains were co-cultured in wastewater medium to produce L-lactic acid and D-lactic acid. Lactic acid production was significantly improved by glucose (carbon source), yeast extract (nitrogen source), initial inoculum level, and polysorbate 80. A central composite design and response surface methodology were used to optimize the variables and their levels to improve lactic acid yield. The supplemented yeast extract, glucose, and polysorbate 80 improved lactic acid. The predicted variables and their levels for maximum lactic acid production were glucose (67.5 g/L), yeast extract (10.28 g/L), and polysorbate 80 (0.48 mL/L). The prepared nanocomposites exhibited antibacterial activity against foodborne bacterial pathogens. The structural properties of the silver-polylactic acid nano compost materials were determined. The characterized compost materials exhibited a peak absorption wavelength of 430 nm. The silver and poly(lactic acid) were characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis and were 30 to 50 nm in size.
Microbiological analysis strategies for detecting pathogens and assessing biosecurity practices in outdoor earthen shrimp farms
Authors: Reza MS , Osman MH , Islam SR , Uddin MN , Haider MN , Khan MNA
Published: July 2024

The need for rapid and reliable on-farm bacteriological test methods to detect pathogens and assess the success of biosecurity practices in fish and shrimp farms has been increasing. This study compared on-farm and in-laboratory (after refrigerated transportation) analyses for black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) cultured in two outdoor earthen ponds in low-resource settings on the southeastern coast of Bangladesh, using basic bacteriological facilities. Water quality parameters, including temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH and salinity were determined at monthly intervals during summer (April to June). Water temperature in two farms ranged from 26.3°C to 29.3°C (27.7±1.6°C in Farm-1 and 27.4±0.9°C in Farm 2), within suitable limits for shrimp culture. DO levels varied from 5.1±0.2 to 5.4±0.5 mg/l, pH from 7.1±0.2 to 7.1±0.6, and salinity from 14.7±1.2 to 15.7±0.6 ppt, all within optimal ranges for shrimp farming. Bacterial loads showed slight variations between sampling periods. On-farm analyses consistently showed lower bacterial loads in shrimp samples compared to in-laboratory analyses with bacterial counts increasing over transportation time. Water temperature significantly influenced bacterial load as reflected by different sampling periods. The total bacterial load in farm water, sediment and shrimp samples showed notable differences between on-farm and in-laboratory analyses, reflecting the impact of environmental conditions, handling practices and time delays. It is concluded that on-farm microbiological analysis strategy is an effective method for detecting pathogens and assessing biosecurity practices in shrimp farms cultured in outdoor earthen ponds.
Methodological approaches to currency risks at the macro level
Authors: Yatsenko Valeriia ,   Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University
Published: July 2024

A comprehensive investigation of the exchange rate as one of the critical indicators of macroeconomics has remained relevant since the introduction of the Jamaican monetary system. Moreover, the topic is even more important for small open economies and their financial sustainability. Logically, currency risks are of similar importance. However, their analysis, assessment, and management are complicated tasks. The reason is the dual nature of the exchange rate since it can generate autonomous shocks and act as an independent factor on other economic categories, such as inflation, interest rate, balance of payments, or export earnings. On the contrary, it can be a function of the same indicators but indirectly or with a time lag. Thus, an error or deviation from the direct object of study at any risk management stage - identification, analysis, evaluation, or management - can cause the actor's financial or economic losses. In particular, a study of the inflationary currency risk requires instruments of fundamental analysis for its assessment. In contrast, it is possible to use both fundamental and technical analysis tools for the exchange rate risk, depending on the objective. As a result, it is necessary to find a careful step-by-step consideration, or in other words, a way of organizing the study of currency risks. In this article, we have proposed a way based on the integration of the approach of Easterby-Smith et al. (2018) and the conceptual modeling of Guizzardi (2005). According to the proposed logic and structure, the correctness of choosing the appropriate way of quantifying risks depending on the preliminary theoretical analysis is demonstrated. The approach is suitable for the study of other economic phenomena or processes.
Development of creep-resistant casting alloys based on the Al-Fe-Mn-Ni system
Authors: Voron M. M. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Solovey М. О. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Development of new creep-resistant materials is a constantly existing task for modern materials science. At the same time, the creation of creep-resistant aluminum alloys plays an important role due to the combination of low density and the potential to achieve high resistance to properties degradation unter elevated temperatures. Increasing the level of operating temperatures for aluminum alloys makes it possible to replace some of the parts made of iron-based materials in cars, airplanes and various machinery. This will allow to reduce the weight of machines and mechanisms, increase their energy efficiency and environmental friendliness due to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. Most of the widely used creep-resistant aluminum alloys belong to the Al-Si-Cu, Al-Cu and Al-Si-Cu-Fe-Ni systems. Such alloys have a relatively low level of mechanical properties, which is insufficient for modern requirements. Their significant advantage is the ease of obtaining finished products by using casting processes. Among the alternative systems of heat-resistant aluminum alloys, those containing Fe, Ni, Cr and Mn are often considered. Iron and nickel are able to form fibrous nano-sized components of eutectics with aluminum, which are stable at high temperatures. They are effective barriers for the movement of dislocations and they also do not eliminate alloys plasticity. The disadvantage of such alloys is the zero alloying of the matrix metal, which means potentially low strength. Alloying of heat-resistant aluminum alloys should be carried out with elements that have a low diffusion coefficient in aluminum. The best option for this is manganese, which can dissolve in Al-matrix in a large quantities and forms a stable strengthening intermetallic Al6Mn with aluminum. Al-Fe-Mn-Ni alloys, because of their structural and phase features, can be subjected to plastic deformation, which, in combination with heat treatment, significantly increases the level of mechanical properties of alloys in a wide temperature range due to grain refinement and inhibition of recrystallization by stable ultradispersed intermetallic particles. Keywords: сasting aluminum alloys, creep-resistant alloys, new materials, Al-Fe-Mn-Ni.
Comparative analysis of hydrogen production, accumulation, distribution, and storage systems
Authors: Boichenko Sergii ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 115, Borshchagivska St., Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine, Chen Linfei ,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, 115, Borshchagivska St., Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The global energy demand in the world continues to grow and environmental pollution caused by fossil fuels becomes increasingly serious, the development and utilization of new energy sources has become a hot topic of global concern. The development and utilization of new energy sources is one such possible solution, which can provide clean, renewable energy and thus reduce the impact on the environment. Hydrogen, as a clean, productive, carbon-free secondary energy source, has the potential to be used as a fuel and essential substance for different fields such as heating, transportation, industry, and power generation. As the international community strives to achieve a shift toward a more eco-conscious and sustainable future, hydrogen has received extensive research and attention due to its abundant resources and environmentally friendly properties. The main objective of this study was to describe and comparatively analyze the efficient production, accumulation, distribution and storage of hydrogen. Today the production of hydrogen is centered on the creation or extraction of hydrogen from primary energy sources. The accumulation of hydrogen involves the preservation of surplus hydrogen for subsequent utilization. The distribution of hydrogen encompasses the conveyance and delivery of hydrogen. The storage systems for hydrogen pertain to the technologies and infrastructure employed to retain hydrogen for future deployment. In complex, these constituents establish a comprehensive hydrogen value chain that facilitates the generation, preservation, and distribution of hydrogen as a sustainable and environmentally friendly energy solution. Keywords: comparative analysis, hydrogen, production, accumulation, distribution, storage systems.
Analysis of the regulatory and legislative base of Ukraine and the European experience in conducting energy audits of buildings
Authors: Riabikov Artem ,   General Energy Institute of NAS of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the regulatory and legislative base for the energy efficiency of buildings. It identifies the main areas for improving energy efficiency by improving the process of energy audit, as well as improving the system of indicators that determine the airtightness of the building and preservation of comfortable conditions for human stay in the room. The relevance of the work is determined by the problem of low energy efficiency of the housing stock of Ukraine, which affects the rational consumption of energy, necessitates the introduction of various measures aimed at rationalizing energy use in general and buildings in particular, setting maximum permissible energy consumption rates for buildings and strengthening relevant control. The imperfection of the regulatory and legislative base in the field of energy efficiency, the need to develop a state standard for the design of buildings with increased air permeability, the development of a methodology for determining the air permeability of a building, the legislative establishment of minimum requirements for building airtightness, the development of a methodology for testing buildings for airtightness, and the imperfection of the methodology for conducting an energy audit of a building form the basis for further research. To improve the energy management of buildings, it is proposed to introduce mandatory testing of the building for airtightness, which will standardize approaches to energy management and compliance with the relevant requirements for building airtightness will lead to an increase in the energy efficiency class of buildings. Keywords: energy efficiency, energy audit, air permeability, airtightness.
CONCEPT OF BUILDING A HYBRID CONTROL SYSTEM FOR A MICROHYDROELECTRICAL PLANT
Authors: Zaichenko O.A. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Marunia Yu.V. , Ryzhkov O.M. , Gavryluk S.I. , Homicky O.I. , Kharchenko O.O. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Beresteiskyi Ave., 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine,   Private Enterprise «PROMENERIA», Shkilna, 11/18, Buchach, Ternopil reg., 48400, Ukraine,   National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Beresteiskyi Ave., 37, Kyiv, 03056, Ukraine
Published: July 2024

Methods of increasing the energy efficiency of micro-hydroelectric power plants are considered in the work. A new hy-brid concept of building a control system is proposed, which combines classical control laws and fuzzy logic. This makes it possible to improve the quality of the regulation of the parameters of the generated electricity regardless of changes in network operation modes and external conditions. It is shown that the use of hybrid filters will allow to in-crease the electromagnetic compatibility and, as a result, the energy efficiency of the system as a whole. References 12, figures 3.
The Islamic State and Thomas Hobbes: Views on the State, Law, and the Role of Religion
Authors: Sugara Robi , Fitriyanti Rahmi , Idris Faisal Nurdin
Published: July 2024

Abstract. This article explains the concept of an Islamic state from the perspective of Thomas Hobbes' book Leviathan. Although Hobbes does not explicitly discuss the Islamic state, the basic principles of his theory of the absolute state, natural law, and the role of religion in a state provide a framework that can be used to explain the basic principles of the Islamic state. This article uses a qualitative approach with textual analysis methods on Hobbes' major work, Leviathan, as well as relevant literature on the concept of an Islamic state. Based on critical and interpretive readings of the text, this paper identifies and analyses the main themes related to absolute power and the role of religion in governance according to Hobbes. This analysis highlights how a state applying Islamic law (Sharia) can be compared to the concept of the state from a Hobbesian perspective, particularly in terms of absolute power and religious regulation to maintain order and peace. This article also discusses the relevance of Hobbes' natural law in the context of Islamic law and how the principles of universal justice and morality are applied. The findings of this article show that although there are fundamental differences in the sources of legitimacy and the role of religion, the basic principles of Hobbes' theory remain relevant in understanding the dynamics that occur in Islamic states, particularly in the modern world.Keywords: Islamic State, Thommas Hobbes, Islamic Sharia, Power and Authority.Abstrak. Artikel ini menjelaskan konsep negara Islam dalam perspektif Thomas Hobbes melalui buku Leviathan. Meskipun Hobbes tidak secara eksplisit membahas negara Islam dalam bukunya, namun prinsip dasar teorinya tentang negara absolut, hukum alam, dan peran agama dalam suatu negara memberikan kerangka yang dapat digunakan untuk menjelaskan pengertian negara Islam. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode analisis tekstual terhadap karya utama Hobbes, Leviathan, serta literatur yang relevan mengenai konsep negara Islam. Berdasarkan pembacaan teks secara kritis dan interpretatif, tulisan ini mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis tema-tema utama terkait kekuasaan absolut dan peran agama dalam pemerintahan menurut Hobbes. Analisis ini menyoroti bagaimana negara yang menerapkan hukum Islam (syariah) dapat dibandingkan dengan konsep negara dalam perspektif Hobbesian, khususnya dalam hal kekuasaan absolut dan peraturan agama untuk menjaga ketertiban dan perdamaian. Artikel ini juga membahas relevansi hukum alam ala Hobbes dalam konteks hukum Islam dan bagaimana prinsip keadilan dan moralitas universal diterapkan. Hasil artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun terdapat perbedaan mendasar dalam sumber legitimasi dan peran agama, namun prinsip dasar teori Hobbes tetap relevan dalam memahami dinamika yang terjadi di negara-negara Islam, khususnya di dunia modern.Kata Kunci: Negara Islam, Thommas Hobbes, Hukum Syariah, Kekuasaan dan Otoritas.
Teorías subjetivas de docentes acerca del tiempo en contexto de enseñanza priorizada en pandemia
Authors: Caamaño Vega Vladimir , Díaz Hedbenhard G. , Castro Pablo J.
Published: July 2024

: El estudio de la percepción y significación de la variable tiempo por parte del profesorado ha sido un aporte en la comprensión de diversos fenómenos educativos. El objetivo de esta investigación cualitativa fue describir e interpretar las teorías subjetivas de docentes sobre el tiempo de enseñanza priorizada en el contexto de pandemia. Se realizaron entrevistas episódicas grupales a 11 profesores de establecimientos escolares de la Región de Coquimbo (Chile). Los datos fueron analizados utilizando procedimientos de la teoría fundamentada, lo que permitió elaborar dos modelos axiales sobre el tiempo de enseñanza priorizada. Los resultados reconstruyeron diversas implicancias de la experiencia profesional en la percepción del tiempo psicológico del profesorado cuando éste gestiona la enseñanza priorizada. Asimismo, las teorías subjetivas de profesores(as) pertenecientes a los diversos grupos socioeconómicos estudiados, variaron en sus explicaciones sobre sus elecciones pedagógicas previo y durante el tiempo de clases remotas virtuales. Se concluyó que una mayor experiencia profesional y la orientación
¿Hablas inglés? Percepciones, necesidades y prácticas relativas a la pronunciación de profesores y estudiantes de inglés como lengua extranjera
Authors: Santos Díaz Inmaculada , Gómez González María , Díaz Lage José
Published: July 2024

La práctica de la pronunciación en el aula es esencial para el desarrollo de las destrezas orales. Este estudio pretende explorar la práctica, la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la pronunciación en la enseñanza de inglés como lengua extranjera en España. Se recogió una muestra de estudiantes (n = 494) y otra de profesores (n = 127) de la etapa preuniversitaria (EP = Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y no Educación Secundaria Obligatoria) y de la etapa universitaria (UN) en España. Sus respuestas se analizaron según cuatro dimensiones: (i) contenidos y sus dificultades; (ii) tipo de actividades; (iii) práctica de destrezas orales; y (iv) percepciones. Los principales resultados revelan que i) el ritmo era el aspecto menos practicado en el aula de EFL en ambas etapas; ii) los alumnos de ambas etapas consideraban que nunca practicaban con canciones, mientras que los profesores indicaron que era una de las actividades más frecuentes; iii) la práctica de destrezas orales obtuvo una puntuación más alta en los profesores y alumnos de UN que en el grupo de profesores y alumnos de PU; iv) el tiempo de clase dedicado a la fonética y la pronunciación fue considerado insuficiente por los dos grupos de profesores, pero sólo por parte de los alumnos de UN. Basándose en publicaciones relevantes y los resultados obtenidos, los autores también aportan ideas y recomendaciones sobre la fonética y la pronunciación del inglés para los profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera.
Violencia contra las infancias, masculinidad y formación de una cultura infantil-juvenil entre varones de clase obrera en la llanura pampeana argentina, principios del siglo XX
Authors: Scheinkman Ludmila
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: explorar el papel de la violencia durante la infancia y en la formación de una cultura infantil-juvenil entre varones de clase obrera en las primeras décadas del siglo XX en pueblos y ciudades de la llanura pampeana argentina. Metodología: para ello analiza la violencia de adultos contra niños en instituciones educativas, laborales y de encierro, así como en el ámbito doméstico, y su posterior empleo por niños y jóvenes en los grupos de pares como parte de la formación de la masculinidad y la validación homosocial, con base en el análisis de memorias autobiográficas producidas en la segunda mitad del siglo XX por militantes obreros en Argentina. Originalidad: la novedad está en el uso de autobiografías obreras para recuperar aspectos de la vida infantil en Argentina en los primeros años del siglo XX, pues, aunque mediadas por el recuerdo adulto, representan una entrada privilegiada para acceder a la manera en que la violencia era experimentada por niños y jóvenes de clase obrera. Conclusiones: este artículo muestra que, pese a los discursos que abogaban por su eliminación o moderación, a comienzos del siglo XX la violencia contra menores de edad por parte de adultos era una práctica extendida, avalada y legitimada para conseguir la obediencia, corregir y castigar a menores de edad. Asimismo, en un contexto de migraciones masivas y cambios urbanos y económicos veloces, tuvo un rol crucial durante el fin de la infancia y la juventud en la producción de la masculinidad obrera, ya que permitía tender puentes y vínculos entre varones, trascendiendo las diferencias de nacionalidad, idioma o religión.
Vigilar y deambular. Espacio urbano, afectos y vigilancia policial en Bogotá, 1935-1965
Authors: Salazar Arenas Oscar Iván
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: analizar las prácticas de vigilancia policial y sus cambios en Bogotá entre 1935-1963, periodo caracterizado por complejas transformaciones urbanas. Metodología: se examinan las versiones de los policías sobre su trabajo diario, por medio de las publicaciones de la Revista de la Policía Nacional (RPN) y se las contrasta con otras fuentes de información, como los códigos de policía, revisiones de prensa y libros publicados sobre el actuar de la Policía respecto a los niños y jóvenes de la época. Para este ejercicio utilizo técnicas de análisis visual y de contenido del archivo desde una perspectiva transdisciplinar que implica la historia urbana, el estudio de los afectos y los estudios sobre movilidades. Originalidad: las investigaciones recientes sobre la policía a principios del siglo XX en América Latina y Colombia no han hecho énfasis específico en las prácticas de vigilancia ni en sus dimensiones espaciales y afectivas. Este trabajo se centra en ese vacío de conocimiento. Estas categorías permiten comprender la vigilancia, en sus operaciones específicas, como una práctica cotidiana y como un trabajo con tensiones y contradicciones propias, más allá de las interpretaciones reiteradas de la vigilancia como funcional para un sistema de gobierno o para las relaciones de poder, y permiten observar el papel de la Policía en el gobierno de la ciudad. Conclusiones: este texto interpreta la vigilancia urbana como una práctica de movilidad y una práctica afectiva que revela la participación de la policía en el complejo agenciamiento de la vida urbana. Se concluye que la vigilancia policial de las calles hacía parte de un régimen emocional y un sistema de prácticas que contribuyeron a configurar a la Policía como institución.
Use of remotely piloted aircraft in precision agriculture: a review
Authors: Dos Santos Luana Mendes , Ferraz Gabriel Araújo e Silva , Barbosa Brenon Diennevan Souza , Andrade Alan Delon
Published: July 2024

The objective of this review was to examine the current use of remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) in obtaining data to assist in the application of precision farming techniques and to exemplify successful situations of technology use. The RPA has applications for monitoring, mapping, vegetation index (VI) extraction, volume, plant height, among others, and has been studied in several agricultural crops, being support for decision making on agrochemical application, planting failure, accompaniment of growth favoring the increase of crop productivity. One of the potentialities evaluated through RPA is the use of VI, which may be extracted from digital images obtained by cameras that contain only the visible band. It may be an alternative for farmers who do not have access to RPA coupled with high-tech embedded sensors. Therefore, it is a tool that may contribute to the decision making, allowing the acquisition of high spatial and temporal resolution images.
Some Studies on the Deflection of Prestressed Concrete Beams
Authors: Straubel C.A. , Ozell A.M.
Published: July 2024

There are several factors which influence the modulus of elasticity of concrete, notably the strength of concrete, the properties and size of the aggregates, type of cement, the curing method, and the definition of modulus of elasticity itself, whether tangent, initial, or secant modulus. The modulus may vary also with the speed of load application and with the type of specimen, whether a beam or a cylinder. With all these variables it is almost impossible to predict accurately the value of the modulus for a given concrete.