bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of transparency on funding construction companies in Russia
Authors: Lisitskaya Tatyana , Maziy Valentina
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the impact of transparency on the formation of funding sources, by the example of a construction industry enterprise. The literature review covers studies revealing the concept of transparency as an initial condition for creating an environment in which there is complete, reliable and open information for taking various decisions. The issue of creating a trusted environment is particularly sharp when taking funding decisions, since, for the funding party, information transparency is a risk factor influencing efficiency of funding. Generalization of the available studies has shown a special significance of such studies for subjects of the construction industry, which have distinctive funding source choice industry features. The study was conducted on a selection of construction companies of Russia. The results of the study showed that transparency has a significant impact on the ability to attract funding, especially on a long-term basis. Achieving optimal transparency allows not only increasing debt sources of financing, but also optimizing their structure due to high confidence on the part of capital suppliers. Besides, a dependence of transparency and resistance of a company to external factors is revealed, i.e., financial stability of financially transparent companies is maintained in the long-term perspective.
Conceptual approach to the development of technology for virtual mobility modeling of distance learning students
Authors: Pyatkova Tatyana , Kolyeva Natalya , Panova Marina
Published: March 2023

The article deals with the issues of distance learning for students. The technology of managing the formation of virtual mobility of students of distance learning is presented. Value-volitional, normative, resource, procedural-functional, managerial-diagnostic and resulting blocks are
identified in the technology. Mobile learning technology includes a purposeful and ordered set and sequence of actions of a teacher and a student through joint or individual study of structured learning resources, work and educational communities. The article presents a knowledge map (structured interpretation of the concept under study) of virtual mobility of distance learning students. The mind map is considered, on the one hand, as a logical and semantic verbal-like model of educational material, reflecting its content and structure, on the other hand, as a model of students’ individual knowledge.
Preservation of traditional values as the basis for responsible and safe behaviour of young people
Authors: Gavrilova Oksana , Malamatov Ahmed , Parsieva Larisa , Isaenko Alexander , Ivashova Valentina
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of the study of the subject area related to the attitude of young people to the preservation of spiritual and moral values. We carried out a multilevel analysis of the process of formation of spiritual and moral values of the younger generation. The theoretical prerequisites of the empirical part of the study are based on a brief review of the literature; it is reflected in the information blocks of the toolkit. To study the attitude of young people (to the preservation of spiritual and moral values in the regional community) 3 information sections were identified as part of the questionnaire survey. 1st section – opinions of young people about family and marriage relations; 2nd section – preservation of traditional values of the people and the country; 3rd section – attitude to religion and participation in helping others. The survey database was processed in the SPSS Statistics program (version 23). The assessment of the attitude of young people (to the preservation of spiritual and moral values in the regional community) makes it possible to use information to improve the spiritual and moral education of young people by such social institutions as education, social protection of the population, culture and youth policy. The results of the study contribute to the information and analytical support of programs for the socio-cultural development of the territories of the South of Russia and the sustainable development of the regional community.
The approaches for assessing the quality of scientific research at St. Petersburg Mining university
Authors: Radushinsky Dmitry , Kremcheeva Dinara , Smirnova Ekaterina , Radushinskaya Alexandra
Published: March 2023

The article considers approaches to the development of criteria for assessing the quality of scientific research in St. Petersburg Mining University, Russia (Mining University), the functioning of which contains the main features of research university as well as of a scientific organization. The research methods include expert assessments, analysis and synthesis and other desk research methods. Based on the analysis of the results of the scientific activity of the organization in recent years, a set of basic quantitative indicators has been developed, as well as a set of additional qualitative indicators of the effectiveness of the scientific departments of the university. Qualitative indicators, including the rating assessment of the research carried out by the Scientific and Technical Council of the university, are designed to complement the widely used scientometric data. Thus, scientometric, financial indicators and a comprehensive (multifactorial) qualitative assessment can serve as criteria for the quality assessment for the scientific activity of the university. The information obtained is relevant for the formation of a quality management system for scientific research at Mining University, as well as for other research universities with a similar organizational structure. However, the conclusions obtained cannot be automatically extended to the procedures for the formation of quality management systems for scientific research in organizations of a different profile.
Academic procrastination in the context of meaning structures of personality: why is it important for the formation of sustainable behavior
Authors: Popova Darya , Pronenko Evgeny
Published: March 2023

In this article, the author tries to draw attention to academic procrastination issue. The author gives a definition of the phenomenon, due to the lack of a generally accepted one in the scientific field. The relevance of the study is determined by the prevalence of academic procrastination in the educational environment, a student's insufficient immersion in the educational process in order to obtain skills important for their specialty, the loss of opportunities to gain additional knowledge (additional courses, trainings, etc.), the loss of potential opportunities provided by the university (competitions, grants, participation in student scientific societies, etc.), the procrastinator's influence on their inner circle and teachers, as well as the lack of a reliable method of coping with academic procrastination. The novelty of the study lies in the consideration of academic procrastination as an integral part of the meaning structure of one’s personality.
Impact of labour migration on sustainable development of Russia
Authors: Elsebaie Nazeeh , Ganebnykh Elena , Larinina Tatyana , Turutin Boris
Published: March 2023

The implications of labor migration for sustainable development have recently become a growing area of scientific and administrative intrigue. Sustainable development embodies harmonious and comprehensive progress in economic, social and environmental dimensions, which meets the requirements of the present, without hindering the ability of future generations to realize their own prerequisites. The impact of labor migration on sustainable development depends on the circumstances and specific conditions of migration and can lead to both favorable and unfavorable results. One of the key differences between labor migration in Russia and in other parts of the world is the geographical proximity of the countries of origin. This difference in geographical proximity of the countries of origin can have significant consequences for the integration and social cohesion of migrant workers in the host society. This manuscript is an integral part of an ongoing research project aimed at a thorough study of the impact of labor migration on sustainable development in Russia. Our main goal is to accurately answer the following research question: what is the cumulative impact of labor migration on sustainable development in Russia and how does it fluctuate in economic, social and environmental dimensions? The article analyzes the data and assesses the impact of labor migration on sustainable development in Russia. The results of this study have the potential to serve as a guide for policy makers and contribute to the scientific dialogue on labor migration and sustainable development.
Geography of poverty at the international level (comparative approach)
Authors: Motaghi Afshin , Motaghi Samira , Pletnev Dmitri
Published: March 2023

The present study aims to use an analytical approach to examineregional poverty as an ominous phenomenon and as one of the problems of unfair distribution of income generated among different regions of Asia and
Oceania, South Asia, Middle East and North Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Europe, Central Asia, and the Desert of Africa. The phenomenon
is investigated in the period 1990 to 2017 using pooled mean group (PMG) estimator and examining the presence or absence of regional and geographical nature of this phenomenon (the impact of the geographical situation of the region along with economic conditions on poverty in
different regions). The research findings confirm the theories of political economists and Stiglitz trickle-down effect on poverty, stating that the
phenomenon of poverty in different regions is an economic category (the high impact of the economic index on poverty confirms this claim) and other
different approaches to poverty are ranked next in order of priority.
Merkelzellkarzinom
Authors: Schultz Erwin S.
Published: March 2023

Das Merkelzellkarzinom ist ein aggressiver neuroendokriner Tumor, welcher durch schnelles Wachstum und frühzeitige Metastasierung charakterisiert ist. Das mediane Erkrankungsalter liegt zwischen 75–80 Jahren. Mit Zunahme des durchschnittlichen Bevölkerungsalters tritt der einstmals seltene Tumor immer häufiger auf. Neben den klassischen Therapiesäulen Chirurgie, Strahlentherapie und Chemotherapie spielt die Immunonkologie auch beim Merkelzellkarzinom eine zunehmend wichtige Rolle.
Selbstheilung unterstützen
Authors: Blume Ralf , Löwensprung Natalie Rosenhauer von , Vigl Sebastian , Kämper Siegfried
Published: March 2023

Vier Experten stellen Behandlungsansätze zur Selbstheilung mithilfe von Homöopathie, Anthroposophie, Pflanzenheilkunde und schon in der Erstkonsultation vor.
Prüfungsthema: Selbstheilung
Authors: Schmid Eva C.
Published: March 2023

In diesem HPA-Prüfungstrainer beschäftigen sich alle Fragen mit Selbstheilung.
Polycythaemia vera
Authors: Reisdorf Simone
Published: March 2023

Patienten mit Polycythaemia vera (PV), die auf Hydroxyurea (HU) nicht ansprechen oder dieses nicht vertragen, können mit dem Januskinase-Inhibitor (JAKi) Ruxolitinib behandelt werden. Dass dieses Vorgehen in der täglichen Praxis ebenfalls gute Ergebnisse bringt, legt eine auf dem letzten DGHO-Kongress vorgestellte Interimsanalyse der nichtinterventionelle Studie PAVE nahe.
Interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit nötig
Authors: Vetter Christine
Published: March 2023

Es gibt eine Reihe von Gründen, wieso die Zahl der Krebspatienten auf der Intensivstation stetig zunimmt. Die Fortschritte der Krebstherapie, die unter anderem zu aggressiveren Therapien führten, sind eine Ursache. Außerdem erhalten immer mehr ältere und – im Gegensatz zu früher – multimorbide Patienten eine nebenwirkungsträchtige Krebstherapie. Die Zahl der Tumorpatienten auf der Intensivstation steigt daher stetig an. Das unterstreicht die Notwendigkeit einer interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit der Onkologen mit den Intensivmedizinern.
Therapie der chronisch lymphatischen Leukämie (CLL)
Authors: Vetter Christine
Published: March 2023

Die Erfolgsgeschichte der Behandlung der chronisch lymphatischen Leukämie (CLL) ist maßgeblich auf die Etablierung von Studienprotokollen der Deutschen CLL Studiengruppe (DCLLSG) zurückzuführen. Die von der Studiengruppe erarbeiteten Algorithmen setzen weltweit Standards für die Therapie der CLL.
Nichtkleinzellige Bronchialkarzinome
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: March 2023

Noch sieht die Standardempfehlung für nichtkleinzelligen Lungenkrebs (NSCLC) im Stadium I und bei erhaltener Lungenfunktion die Lobektomie vor. Die Ergebnisse der randomisierten multizentrischen Phase-III-Studie an 11 großen Zentren (High-volume Zentren) sprechen nun für die Nichtunterlegenheit der Segmentektomie: Das Gesamtüberleben, lokoregionale Metastasen und Fernmetastasen waren bei Patienten, die sich wegen NSCLC im Stadium IA entweder einer Lobektomie oder Segmentektomie unterzogen, nicht signifikant unterschiedlich.
Behandlungstechniken als Impuls zur Selbstheilung
Authors: Corts Magga
Published: March 2023

In der naturheilkundlichen Körperbehandlung geht es um das Aufspüren von Ursachen (zum Beispiel Dysbalancen, Störfelder) und Signalen sowie die Herstellung einer Homöostase durch Anstoß der Selbstregulation. Für die Festlegung der Methode und Intensität ist entscheidend, wie viele regulative Reize der Patient im Moment verarbeiten kann. Beispielhaft werden die Methoden trockenes Schröpfen, Periostbehandlung nach Vogler, Neuraltherapie und osteopathische Behandlungstechniken vorgestellt, darunter Grand Manoeuvre, Oszillationen an der Leber, Befreiung der Sutura parietomastoidea und die Kreuzhandtechnik bei Wirbelblockade.
Effect of pre-strain on high cycle fatigue property of TWIP steel
Authors: Wang Qingxia , Zhao Yibing , Fan Yukun , Zhao Peisi , Fan Peigeng
Published: March 2023

A commonly used material in vehicle structure is twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel. In addition, during auto safety structural parts process, the material is pre-strained to different levels. Therefore, the influence of pre-straining on fatigue life needs to be examined for design and life assessment. Based on the current test data, due to the different types of steel and loading methods, the fatigue life of the material will show an increase or decrease with the increase of pre-strain level. The results of this study are compared with the recommended S-N fatigue, and the applicability and conservative levels of fatigue life curves are discussed to consider the influence of material pre-strain on the fatigue life assessment of automotive structural components.
Operational improvement of coil type direct-flow steam generator by using chemical water treatment system
Authors: Kuskarbekova S I , Shishkov A N , Bekhterev D V , Ershov A A , Zulkarnaev D U
Published: March 2023

Strict requirements to the feed water for the coil type direct-flow steam generator imply a good quality of preparation, which is difficult to achieve with the usual filters. Deposit formation on the coil surface makes wonder about choosing the best method of chemical water treatment for a steam generator of this type. This article presents the results of calculations of filters of various types for water purification, which are designed for providing standard chemical measures of heat carrier. The results of modeling the coil during the movement of chemically purified and source water are displayed. The optimal variant of chemical purification of feed water is proposed.
The influence of beneficial microorganisms on the quality indicators and antioxidant properties of potatoes
Authors: Zamana S P , Papaskiri T V , Kondratieva T D , Shapovalov D A , Fedorovsky T G
Published: March 2023

The results of studies on the use of biopreparations containing beneficial microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) in the cultivation of potatoes are presented. It is shown that the introduction of bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, Azotobacter chroococcum and fungi Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma viride, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Beauveria bassiana into the soil contributed to the improvement of the quality indicators of the grown products. In potato tubers from the experimental variants, the content of starch, vitamin C, polyphenols increased, antioxidant activity increased, and the content of nitrates decreased compared to the control variant.
Preliminary analysis of the reliability of NPP auxiliary needs backup based on a multifunctional steam turbine and a start-up boiler house
Authors: Yurin V E , Shekera V V , Balukov I V
Published: March 2023

NPP start-up boiler houses can be used to reserve the station’s own needs and increase its economic efficiency when used together with an additional steam turbine. The result is achieved due to the fact that a multifunctional steam turbine can provide power supply for the NPP’s own needs by using the afterheat of the reactor core. The start-up boiler house can be a reserve source of steam for a multifunctional steam turbine. At the same time, the multifunctional turbine in combination with the start-up boiler house can effectively operate in the normal mode to generate additional electricity for the power system. In this article, the reliability of the auxiliary needs reserve of nuclear power plants based on a multifunctional steam turbine and a start-up boiler house has been investigated. The economic effect of improving NPP safety is calculated as an annual reduction in the risk of damage from accidents with damage to the reactor core.
Predictive investigation of the combined heat storage system using at NPPs with VVER
Authors: Murtazov M A , Yurin V E
Published: March 2023

The increase in the share of nuclear power plants in the energy systems leads to the need for their participation in covering the irregularities in the electrical load schedules. NPPs unloading is economically unsustainable. Combining NPPs with storage systems can be a solution to this problem, as it will allow the reactors to operate at a constant capacity utilization factor, while excess energy will be stored during load dip hours and converted into electrical energy during peak load hours. The authors have developed a thermal storage system based on the combination of a phase change accumulator with hot and cold water tanks. The system also contains a steam turbine to generate electricity during peak hours using stored energy. Earlier the authors proved that a low-power turbine can be used to supply power to the NPP auxiliary needs with a blackout using only residual heat energy. In this paper, a methodology for determining the necessary operating parameters of the storage system for using under the required conditions is presented. The investigation of economic efficiency was carried out on the example of a range of electricity tariffs for the world’s energy systems. Accumulated net present value ranged from $0 to $85 million.
Soybean fertilization in the conditions of the Middle Volga region
Authors: Kh Kulikova A , Zakharov N G , Khairtdinova N A , Pyatova A A
Published: March 2023

The paper considers the issues of the influence of mineral fertilizers and zeolite-based fertilizers on soybean yielding capacity. The effect of fertilizers on the nitrogen-fixing capacity of soybean (number and mass of nodules), crop yield has been analyzed. The ecological evaluation of agricultural technologies has been presented.
Participation of Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. in the solubilization of silicon, potassium and phosphorus from bottom silt deposits
Authors: Sidorova N A , Kuchko A A
Published: March 2023

The article considers the possibilities of solubilization of silicon, potassium and phosphorus in the presence of bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. isolated in pure culture from the microflora of bottom silt deposits. As a result of the analysis of semi-quantitative solubilization of Si, P and K using Alexandrov’s agarized medium, 15 strains were tested. Of the studied strains, only three strains of the genus Bacillus spp. caused simultaneous extraction of Si, P and K. The obtained primary data can be used in biotechnological production of bacterial fertilizers and optimization of the technology of bioconversion of bottom silt deposits.
The effect of silicon oxide on the growth and development of Fancy Babylon Eyes
Authors: Ardasheva O A , Sergeeva K S , Fedorov A V , Cheremnykh E N , Zorin D A , Lekontseva T G
Published: March 2023

Modern garden roses are one of the most popular plants in the world of ornamental gardening. In modern conditions, research aimed at a deep study of the biological processes of plant acclimatization during introduction is the basis for a successful introduction to new regions of cultivation. The technology and new preparations offered by modern science contribute to the improvement of the adaptive properties of plants and the success of introduction. In connection with the development of nanotechnology, it has become possible to obtain new drugs with higher physiological activity based on silicon oxide. The research was carried out to study the effect of various concentrations of silicon oxide 0.002%, 0.004%, 0.006%, 0.008%, distilled water (control) on the processes occurring in Fancy Babylon Eyes rose plants under the influence of stressors of various nature (both biotic and abiotic).
Reservoir oil deposits in terrigenous complexes of the Bobrikian horizon of the western slope of the South Tatar arch
Authors: Korolev E A , Eskin A A , Korolev A E , Barieva E R , Alina A A
Published: March 2023

Oil-bearing terrigenous sections of the Bobrikian horizon of the western slope of the South Tatar arch are considered. It has been established that all oil deposits are confined to thin layers of quartz sandstones screened by dense clayed siltstones and argillites. The sandstones were formed in the coastal-shallow conditions of a desalinated epicontinental marine basin during the active removal of clastic material from the coast of the continent. Similar conditions of accumulation caused a large areal distribution of fine-grained sandstones with a consistent thickness along the lateral. During the period of migration of water-oil fluids, calcite cement was leached from sandstones, due to which their porosity increased to 20-25%, the permeability reached 243.0-359.0 mD. Oils in sandstone reservoirs are characterized by an increased content of light and medium fractions of hydrocarbons, the content of heavy hydrocarbons does not exceed 15-20%. Despite the fact that, according to the results of geophysical studies, the rocks are classified as unpromising, weakly oil-bearing, commercial oil flows are obtained from them in a several of oil-bearing structures.
Persistent analysis and evaluation of the efficiency of manageability of agricultural organizations in the region
Authors: Belokopytov A V , Mirolyubova S V
Published: March 2023

The article analyzes the sustainability of the development of agricultural production in modern conditions. On the basis of mathematical modeling, the effectiveness of managing production processes in agricultural organizations in the regions of the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation is studied. As part of the study, a methodology for the integral assessment of the effectiveness of agricultural production management using the Hurst index and the fractal dimension index was developed, while correlations between production volumes and the efficiency of resource use were revealed. The developed proposals make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of agricultural production management, taking into account a synthetic indicator that takes into account the dynamic properties of production and economic processes in agriculture, qualitative changes in factors and development conditions.
Impact of agriculture on lands placed close to mining facilities within the Oskol river basin
Authors: Nekrich A S
Published: March 2023

The article summarises data received during personal long-term field research and results obtained by means of comprehensive analyses of spatial and statistical databases on agricultural development and open-pit mining within the Oskol river basin from 2005 to 2021. This territory occupies Gubkinsky and Starooskolsky districts of Belgorod Oblast. It was determined that impact coming directly from iron-ore extraction strengthens loads on the environment, especially on agricultural lands situated near the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly. Lands placed close to the Oskol river basin response differently on agricultural activity and open-pit mining that leads to occurring of different levels of the environmental tension. It was identified that the most vulnerable agricultural lands with a “high” level of the environmental tension are placed close to the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly facilities. Territories with a “low” level of the environmental tension lie on the periphery of the studied area. Lands with a “mean” level of the environmental tension are situated between lands of “high” and “low” agricultural loads. These patterns should be taken into account during implementation of land remediation programs. Both the location of agricultural and mining facilities, as well as action of negative natural factors have to be considered equally.
Space monitoring in precision agriculture
Authors: Manuylova N B , Bulychev S N
Published: March 2023

The article studies the practice of using space monitoring tools in the agro-industrial complex. It is shown that the use of space images is an element of an integrated high-tech agricultural management system in precision farming. The article considers the possibilities of applying the Normalized difference vegetation index method in order to increase the productivity of agricultural land, improve the processes of managing the agricultural complex, determine the limiting factors of sustainable development and predict yields.
Landscape differentiation of the territory of the Buturlinsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region (Russia)
Authors: Astashin A E , Badin M M , Vatina O E , Sevastyanova M Y , Belova A D
Published: March 2023

The article presents the results of landscape zoning of the territory of the Buturlinsky district of the Nizhny Novgorod region, carried out on the basis of field research, analysis of maps, literary sources and remote sensing data of the Earth. Landscape zoning is performed at the hierarchical level of landscapes. For each of the landscapes the most significant characteristics from the point of view of establishing the disturbance and vulnerability of the landscape are calculated: wooded, ploughing. The materials, presented in the article, are the basis for further geoecological research, primarily to determine the ecological potential of the researched territory.
Development of the design and substantiation of the parameters of the working body for digging the roots of sugar beet
Authors: Romanyuk N N , Ednach V N , Logvinovich P N , S Dzjasheev A-M , Kalimullin M N , Shamonin V I , Ayugin N P
Published: March 2023

The article proposes an original design of the forked working body of a beet harvester designed to dig up roots from the soil, which reduces the damage to root crops through the use of elastic elements in its design, which are rubber studded tires and the creation of an additional digging force acting on them. As a result of the analysis of the work of the proposed design, it was found that when interacting with the root crop, the elastic elements partially cover its surface, while creating an additional digging force. Analytical dependences are obtained, as well as the design and kinematic parameters of the forked working body are substantiated on the average size of the sugar beet root crop, which makes it possible to substantiate the optimal operating modes of the machine, to determine the dependence of the influence of the root crop size and the translational speed of the root harvester on the rotational speed of the tip of the active fork. The calculations showed that with an increase in the operating speed of the machine in the range from 1.0 to 2.0 m/s, it is necessary to ensure an increase in the angular velocity of the rotors ωr in the range from 24 to 57.4 s−1, which corresponds to a change in their rotation frequency from 230 to 554 min−1, which ensures that root crops are not damaged from interaction with working bodies. Given the versatility of the proposed design of the working body and a wide range of harvested root crops, the number of rows of spikes should be taken equal to 18. With an optimal value of the cylinder radius of 0.036 m, the distance between the rows of spikes is 13 mm. Given the presence of soil and plant residues, the height of the elastic spikes, it is advisable to use equal to 5-7 mm
Substantiation of the parameters of the rotary ripper of the machine for pre-seeding treatment of ridges
Authors: Abdulkhaev Kh G , Barlibaev Sh N
Published: March 2023

Taking into account the fact that the ridge technology of cultivating crops is becoming widespread in the country, and there are no special technical means for pre-sowing treatment, a machine has been developed for processing ridges along their entire profile in one pass, consisting of a frame and support wheels mounted on it, lancet paws, rotary rippers and slatted rollers. The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies to substantiate the parameters of the rotary cultivator of the developed machine. According to the results of the research, it was found that for the qualitative implementation of the technological process of processing the slopes of the ridges and ensuring the required quality of soil crumbling on them, the length of the bar of the rotary cultivator must be at least 320 mm, the small and large diameters of its conical rollers, respectively, within 200-250 mm and 400- 450 mm, the number of its slats is 12-14 pieces, the width of the slats is 30-32 mm, as well as the vertical load on it in the range of 0.50-0.60 kN, the longitudinal distance between the lancet share and the rotary ripper is 60 cm .
Improving the efficiency of machine and tractor units using an intelligent telemetry system
Authors: Ivanov A B , Tarkivsky V E
Published: March 2023

The article presents a description of an information-computing system that allows, on the basis of instrumental control of the current parameters of the machine-tractor unit, to inform the user about the possibility and ways to achieve their optimal values.
Improving the efficiency of diesel engines of agricultural machines by adjusting the injectors during operation
Authors: Ivanov I A , Persiyanova G E
Published: March 2023

The article presents the author’s experimental data on changes in the fuel injection pressure of diesel injectors during operation, the nature of the unevenness of such changes for different injectors is revealed, which contributes to the uneven operation of the cylinders. As a result, fuel consumption increases and the service life of the engine decreases. The peculiarity of agricultural machinery engines is that they work for a long time at the nominal mode and there is no possibility to adjust the injectors in repair shops, as this is done on diesel locomotives. In order to find a practical solution to ensure the process of adjusting the injectors without removing the combines from operation and sending them to repair shops, the TRIZ system (Theory of Solving Inventive Tasks) was applied. Technical contradictions were drawn up - TP1 and TP2. To find a technical solution, an organizational technical system of the diesel adjustment process was proposed by replacing the operational injectors with a set of spare ones adjusted at the stands of repair shops. The proposed system will reduce fuel consumption and harmful emissions into the atmosphere during operation and increase the service life of the combine engine.
Co-optimization of integrated energy systems in the presence of renewable energy, electric vehicles, power-to-gas systems and energy storage systems with demand-side management
Authors: Sattar Mahroo , Moghaddam Mahmoud Samiei , Azarfar Azita , Salehi Nasrin , Vahedi Mojtaba
Published: March 2023

With the widespread penetration of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems, the problem of energy management has received increasing attention. One of the systems that network owners consider today is the power-to-gas (P2G) system. This system causes surplus electricity generated from renewable energy resources or batteries in the network to be converted into gas and sold to the gas network. Two reasons for the existence of gas distributed generation resources and P2G systems cause the two power and gas networks to interact. Energy management and profit making considering these two networks, as a co-optimization of integrated energy systems, is a topic that has been discussed in this study to achieve the best optimal answer. Since the production of renewable energy resources and the purchase price of energy are uncertain, a scenario-based method has been chosen for modelling. Demand-side management is also one of the important problems in optimal operation of the electricity network, which can have a significant impact on reducing peak load and increasing profits. In this paper, a mixed-integer quadratic programming model for co-optimization of electric distribution and gas networks in the presence of distributed generation resources, P2G systems, storage facilities, electric vehicles and demand-side management is presented. The 33-bus distribution network is intended to analyse the proposed model. The results of different scenarios show the efficiency of the proposed model. Several key points are deduced from the obtained results: (i) demand-side management is able to reduce the peak load of the network, (ii) the presence of renewable resources and batteries can cause the network to convert excess electricity into gas and sell it to the gas network in the market and (iii) distributed generation can reduce the purchase of energy from the upstream network and cause a 36% reduction in the cost function.
Ultrasound-Guided Placement of Vascular Catheters
Authors: Rawal Harsh , Abdallah Rany T.
Published: March 2023

Ultrasound (US) guidance in the placement of vascular catheters is gaining popularity. A key reason is the safety associated with visualization in real time. There is mounting evidence showing reduced number and severity of complication rates associated with the procedure. The use of US in vascular catheter placement ranges from internal jugular (IJ), subclavian, femoral, to sometimes difficult arterial insertions. Ultrasound has also been used in dialysis catheter placement. There has been a steady increase in preference of US compared to anatomical and landmark-oriented method in Europe and the United States across multiple specialties due to better outcomes and fewer complications.
Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS)
Authors: Rawal Harsh , Abdallah Rany T.
Published: March 2023

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has become a valid and reliable tool in clinical decision-making besides being a timely intervention modality for patient care. It is not a replacement for echocardiography and computed tomographic (CT) scan for complex decision-making. However, it is a crucial tool for evaluation of cardiac, thoracic, and abdominal pathology at the bedside under appropriate circumstances. Technological advances have improved the portability of equipment, enabling ultrasound imaging to be executed at bedside and thus helping internists to make timely diagnosis and perform ultrasound (US) guided procedures. The use of POCUS can immediately narrow differential diagnoses by building on clinical information revealed by the traditional physical examination and refining clinical decision making for further management. The utility of POCUS is dependent on the skill and experience of the operator in addition to equipment availability, costs and training.
I’m So Anxious About My Headache that I Can’t Breathe
Authors: Bernstein Carolyn
Published: March 2023

Anxiety can contribute to headaches, and it’s challenging for the clinician to sort out red flags and then address the salient triggers. Careful history-taking, involvement of collaterals for elucidation, and evidenced anxiety-evaluation tools are useful. Once other concerns are ruled out, treatment can be focused on calming anxiety and helping to improve quality of life. Anxiety can be incapacitating, and can profoundly affect quality of life. Patients may be reluctant to discuss with their clinician; an open and safe space must be provided to generate a good discussion, and to allow for shared-decision making around treatment. There must be open dialogue and trust in order to focus the treatment appropriately.
From Shadows Down to the Abyss
Authors: de Dhaem Olivia Begasse , Bernstein Carolyn
Published: March 2023

The chapter “From Shadows Down to the Abyss” examines the diagnosis and management of cluster attacks. Cluster is less common than migraine or tension-type headache, but as common as multiple sclerosis. It affects more men than women. It is characterized by excruciating unilateral pain associated with ipsilateral autonomic signs and/or a sense of agitation or restlessness. Attacks last between 15 and 180 minutes and can happen from every other day to 8 times per day. Acute treatment includes high-flow 100% oxygen at a rate of 12–15 liters per minute for 15 minutes through a firm plastic non-rebreathing facial mask and subcutaneous sumatriptan. Bridge therapy includes ipsilateral greater occipital nerve block and a prednisone taper. Preventive treatments include galcanezumab, verapamil, lithium, melatonin, topiramate, and vitamin D. Other options include using occipital nerve stimulation and investigating whether the patient can enroll in a clinical trial, as other treatments are being evaluated such as ketamine and non-hallucinogen 2-bromo-lysergic acid diethylamide.
A Blow to the Head
Authors: Bernstein Carolyn
Published: March 2023

Post-traumatic headache can take many different forms, depending on a multitude of factors including preexisting headache history if any. The headache may be acute or can be chronic, and this guides classification. Even minor head trauma can trigger a headache, so careful history-taking is important. At this time, there are no evidenced medications for treatment, although some off-label drugs may help. Rest and overall wellness should be the recovery focus. Patients need reassurance and careful evaluation. A discussion about previous trauma is important. The evaluation must be carefully explained to minimize patient worrying. Post-traumatic headache is common and clinicians will encounter it frequently.
My Arteriovenous Malformation Is Clipped but My Head Still Hurts
Authors: Bernstein Carolyn
Published: March 2023

The chapter “My Arteriovenous Malformation Is Clipped but My Head Still Hurts” discusses the diagnosis and management of acute and persistent headache attributed to craniotomy. Headache post-craniotomy, both acute and chronic, are well-described but may be underrecognized. Clinicians should be vigilant about screening post-surgery for this type of headache and should be careful not to attribute it to stress. At the same time, it is important to be looking for other causes of headache such as infection or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. Patients describing headache post-craniotomy must be carefully evaluated and referred back to neurosurgery as appropriate. Always be open to other causes of headache.
A Question of Headache and Hemorrhage
Authors: Sheikh Huma U.
Published: March 2023

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is a vascular condition that is characterized amyloid deposits in the vascular system, mainly in cerebral arteries. The main symptoms of this vascular condition include dementia and increased risk for hemorrhagic stroke. The pattern of the intracerebral hemorrhage can be a clue to his condition. It is most commonly seen in the older population and can be genetic in some cases. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy increases the risk of hemorrhage in the brain due to its vasculopathy. This can be a difficult condition to treat especially in cases where patients may also need anti-platelets or anticoagulation for other reasons. Its diagnosis is based mainly on history and imaging, although definitive diagnosis is only with brain tissue specimens. Currently, there are no effective treatments.
All My Stress Goes to My Neck
Authors: Gharedaghi Mohammad Hadi , Huang-Lionnet Julie H.
Published: March 2023

The first step in the approach to neck pain/tension radiating to the head is a thorough history and exam to rule out secondary causes such as arterial dissection, meningitis, or neoplasm. A careful history will also help differentiate from primary headache disorders in the differential. If there are no red flags nor abnormalities on exam, refer to neck physical therapy with perhaps low-dose tizanidine or trigger point injections, and plan for a close follow-up to reevaluate. If the pain persists, consider a cervical spine MRI without contrast and referral to an interventional pain specialist for a diagnostic blockade. Radiofrequency denervation is the standard treatment for facet joint pain.
Shooting Pains Behind the Head
Authors: Wang Victor C.
Published: March 2023

The chapter “Shooting Pains Behind the Head” examines the diagnosis, work-up, and treatment of occipital neuralgia. Occipital neuralgia can mimic several other headache types, but in general presents as recurring in paroxysmal attacks of pain, tingling, shooting, burning, or other paresthesia in the distribution of the greater and/or lesser occipital nerve starting from the top of the neck and radiating forward toward the forehead and/or ears respectively, lasting from a few seconds to minutes. The pain is severe in intensity, associated with dysesthesia and/or allodynia during stimulation of the scalp, and with neck tenderness in the base of the skull/upper neck. To meet diagnostic criteria, the pain should improve with anesthetic nerve blockade. Treatment mostly relies on occipital nerve blocks and pharmacological management with medications such as NSAIDs, muscle relaxants, gabapentin, and low-dose amitriptyline.
Farmers’ preference for digital credit: Does the delivery channel matter?
Authors: Sarfo Yaw , Musshoff Oliver , Weber Ron , Danne Michael
Published: March 2023

Previous studies highlight the limited credit access for farmers compared to non-agricultural firms in sub-Saharan Africa. A new innovation that has the potential to serve the financing needs of farmers in sub-Saharan Africa is digital credit. However, empirical studies on farmers’ preferences for digital credit are limited. Formal financial institutions and mobile network operators are two different delivery channels for digital credit with different loan characteristics. We apply a discrete choice experiment to investigate smallholder farmers’ preferences for digital credit in Madagascar. Our results show that digital credit is more attractive for farmers if it offers a lower interest rate per month, longer loan duration, and flexible repayment conditions adapted to farmers’ production needs. Our results highlight the potential of digital credit for rural farmers if mobile network operators could provide digital credit with longer loan maturities, and formal financial institutions could offer digital credit with more flexible repayment conditions.
Effective Strategies for Teaching Evidence-Based Practice in Undergraduate Nursing Programs
Authors: Silva Clarissa , Lopez Tracy
Published: March 2023

Background:

Literature shows that nursing program graduates cannot apply skills related to evidence-based practice (EBP) on graduation. However, the influence of EBP on quality and safety in nursing is well documented and shows that innovative strategies for teaching the content need to be explored.

Problem:

Teaching EBP in nursing programs is challenging due to students' attitudes and lack of engagement. These challenges are compounded when the program is accelerated or an undergraduate completion program.

Approach:

A literature search was conducted to identify best practices for improving the quality of EBP courses. The findings, along with the application of EBP 7 steps, were identified and implemented in the course redesign.

Conclusions:

A structured and sequential approach to learning core skills related to EBP may be an effective method of improving course quality and application of EBP skills upon graduation.
Testing the Impact of an Asynchronous Online Training Program With Repeated Feedback
Authors: Woda Aimee , Bradley Cynthia Sherraden , Johnson Brandon Kyle , Hansen Jamie , Loomis Ann , Pena Sylvia , Singh Maharaj , Dreifuerst Kristina Thomas
Published: March 2023

Background:

Learning to effectively debrief with student learners can be a challenging task. Currently, there is little evidence to support the best way to train and evaluate a debriefer's competence with a particular debriefing method.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to develop and test an asynchronous online distributed modular training program with repeated doses of formative feedback to teach debriefers how to implement Debriefing for Meaningful Learning (DML).

Methods:

Following the completion of an asynchronous distributed modular training program, debriefers self-evaluated their debriefing and submitted a recorded debriefing for expert evaluation and feedback using the DML Evaluation Scale (DMLES).

Results:

Most debriefers were competent in DML debriefing after completing the modular training at time A, with DMLES scores increasing with each debriefing submission.

Conclusion:

The results of this study support the use of an asynchronous distributed modular training program for teaching debriefers how to implement DML.
Low Cancer Occurrence Rate Following Prophylactic Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
Authors: Boyd Carter J. , Ramesh Sruthi , Bekisz Jonathan M. , Guth Amber A. , Axelrod Deborah M. , Shapiro Richard L. , Hiotis Karen , Schnabel Freya R. , Karp Nolan S. , Choi Mihye
Published: March 2023

Background:

Nipple sparing mastectomies (NSM) have become widely available for breast cancer prophylaxis. There is limited data on its long-term oncologic safety. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of breast cancer in patients who underwent prophylactic NSM.

Methods:

All patients undergoing prophylactic NSM at a single institution from 2006-2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patient demographic factors, genetic predispositions, mastectomy specimen pathology, and oncologic occurrences at follow-up were recorded. Descriptive statistics were performed where necessary to classify demographic factors and oncologic characteristics.

Results:

871 prophylactic NSMs were performed on 641 patients, with median follow-up of 82.0 months (standard error 1.24). 94.4% (n=605) of patients underwent bilateral NSMs, though only the prophylactic mastectomy was considered. The majority of mastectomy specimens (69.6%) had no identifiable pathology. 38 specimens (4.4%) had cancer identified in mastectomy specimens, with ductal carcinoma in situ being the most common (92.1%, n=35). Multifocal or multicentric disease was observed in 7 (18.4%) cases and lympho-vascular invasion was identified in 2 (5.3%). 1 patient (0.16%) was found to have breast cancer 6.5 years after prophylactic mastectomy. This patient was a BRCA2 carrier.

Conclusions:

Overall primary oncologic occurrence rates are very low in high-risk patients undergoing prophylactic NSM. In addition to reducing the risk of oncologic occurrence, prophylactic surgery itself may be therapeutic in a small proportion of patients. Continued surveillance for these patients remains important to assess at longer follow-up intervals.