bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formación de enfermeras en prevención y tratamiento de conductas adictivas.
Authors: Nicolás Cisneros Silvia , Paulín Rocha Amalia , Velasco Nolasco Beatriz , Regalado Acuña Francisco , García Cardona Mercedes
Published: January 2019

El uso y dependencia de sustancias adictivas se relaciona con un amplio conjunto de problemas de salud y de exclusión social, así mismo representan un factor significativo en el incremento de la morbilidad a nivel nacional. En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la revisión y análisis de los planes de estudios correspondientes a la Licenciatura en Enfermería en tres centros de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM): La ENEO, FESZ y FESI), desde la perspectiva de la formación en prevención y tratamiento de conductas adictivas. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, evaluativo, transversal, de tipo investigación documental, que analiza la transversalidad de los contenidos sobre la temática de adicciones en los planes y programas de las tres dependencias de la UNAM. Proyecto MP6-20 El análisis comparativo de los planes de estudio permite mostrar que la temática de adicciones, aparece de manera diferencial en los proyectos de formación universitaria de enfermería. Los proyectos curriculares analizados, adolecen de un modelo pedagógico que permita identificar como problema de salud, las conductas adictivas; y en consecuencia se desarrollen estrategias que permitan paulatinamente desarrollar competencias profesionales para la prevención específica, el tratamiento y la reinserción social de las personas con conductas adictivas.
Enseñanza clínica en el laboratorio: un acercamiento desde el discurso docente
Authors: Ostiguín Meléndez Rosa María , Aljama Corrales Elia
Published: January 2019

El tema de la Enseñanza clínica (ECL) sin lugar a duda es un tema relevante en la Enfermería, tanto para el acto mismo de enseñar en la clínica como para los actores: alumnos y docentes. El propósito de la investigación fue explorar la experiencia de los docentes de enfermería con respecto a la ECL en el laboratorio de práctica. Metodología. El diseño fue cualitativo se empleó el método de incidente critico, se basó en entrevistas a profundidad a través de la técnica de grupos focales. El muestreo fue aleatorio. La entrevista se dirigió con una Guía semiestructurada de 7 preguntas. Resultados y Discusión. Se reconocieron las siguientes categorías: a) definición de la ECL, b) enseñanza clínica en el laboratorio: aspectos definitorios y atributos del docente; c) tutoría en la ECL y c) la evaluación de la misma. Los resultados coinciden con la literatura especializada en cuanto a la multideterminación del proceso educativo, sin embargo se muestran aspectos relevantes en cuanto al perfil del docente en enfermería para esta actividad y las vertientes de la evaluación, que para el caso de la ECL tiene matices singulares.
Percepción de los coordinadores, tutores y alumnos en relación a la tutoría como estrategia de enseñanza aprendizaje
Authors: Silva González Madai , Cárdenas Jiménez Margarita
Published: January 2019

El presente trabajo es producto de la investigación: “Evaluación Curricular de las Especialidades en Enfermería”, que tiene como propósito conocer los factores que inciden en el proceso del aprendizaje especializado el cual permita reestructurar por medio de la tutoría la práctica profesional del especialista en enfermería y mejorar la calidad del aprendizaje transformando la práctica. Una de las vertientes de análisis que se realizó fue: identificar el significado que le atribuyen, las coordinadoras, los tutores y los alumnos, a la tutoría desde la información vertida en las entrevistas registradas. Objetivo: Determinar los significados relacionados con la tutoría desde la perspectiva de las coordinadoras, tutores y alumnos (as) de las especialidades a través del análisis de su propia opinión, para establecer la importancia que tiene la tutoría en el proceso de aprendizaje de los futuros especialista. Metodología: Se consideró la información vertida en las entrevistas a profundidad registradas y se realizó el análisis de los significados relacionados con la tutoría los cuales se confrontaron con los elementos teóricos relacionados con dicha temática. Resultados: Se encontró que el rol que juega el tutor con el alumno ejerciendo la TUTORIA es un proceso significativo desde la enseñanza aprendizaje hasta su total formación como especialista, siendo la tutoría una base fundamental. Conclusiones: La tutoría es una actividad fundamental dentro del proceso de formación de la especialidad ya que permite el desarrollo integral de los alumnos.
Habilidades clínicas aprendidas por los alumnos de la Licenciatura en Enfermería y Obstetricia en fundamentos de Enfermería en la ENEO-UNAM
Authors: Rodríguez Jiménez Sofía , Cárdenas Jiménez Margarita
Published: January 2019

El desarrollo de la primera etapa del proyecto “La tutoría clínica como estrategia de enseñanza aprendizaje en Enfermería Fundamental” indagó sobre las habilidades clínicas alcanzadas por los alumnos que cursaron la asignatura de Fundamentos de Enfermería ll, de la Licenciatura en Enfermería y Obstetricia, sus resultados son motivo de este trabajo. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el nivel de desempeño de los alumnos en el desarrollo de las habilidades clínicas en la práctica de Fundamentos de Enfermería II, con el propósito de establecer las áreas críticas que permita construir estrategias pedagógicas favorables al aprendizaje en esta área de conocimiento. La metodología consistió en un estudio exploratorio, descriptivo, transversal, con una población de alumnos del 4° se semestre a través de una encuesta tipo Likert, la que se validó su confiabilidad obteniendo un Alpha de Cronbach de 0.957. La muestra fue probabilística por conglomerado y ascendió a 190 alumnos de los 14 grupos existentes. Los resultados muestran que el nivel desarrollado por los alumnos en esta etapa de formación es desempeño medio; comparativamente las habilidades cognitivas, comunicativas y de interacción y tecnológicas revelan mayor desarrollo en las primeras y menor las segundas las que demandan una intervención educativa específica.
Aprendizajes que promueve el Plan Único de Especialización en Enfermería. Resultados parciales 2ª parte
Authors: Piña Jiménez Irma , Balán Gleaves Cristina , Rodríguez Méndez Amelia , Vázquez López Graciela
Published: January 2019

Introducción: en esta 2ª parte se presentan los aprendizajes que alcanzaron los alumnos de tres especialidades del Plan Único de Especialización en Enfermería (PUEE); Cultura física y deporte; Neurológica y Salud mental; desde la opinión de los egresados; en la idea de identificar el impacto que tienen los procesos de formación en este nivel. En un artículo previo; se presentaron los casos de las especialidades de Enfermería en Salud Pública; Perinatal; Cardiovascular e Infantil. Objetivo: identificar los aprendizajes que se consolidan en los alumnos de las especialidades de Enfermería del PUEE; desde la perspectiva del egresado. Metodología: estudio descriptivo; longitudinal que abraca tres cohortes generacionales de alumnos 2006; 2007 y 2008; que cursaron las especialidades mencionadas dentro del PUEE. Se aplicó un cuestionario de preguntas abiertas; con carácter anónimo; aplicado al concluir los estudios de la especialidad. El instrumento analiza: los conocimientos y habilidades fundamentales que proporcionó la especialidad; los conocimientos más relevantes que propiciaron los espacios de prácticas y la opinión que tienen los egresados respecto a recomendar a otras personas el estudio de la especialidad. Resultados: los resultados obtenidos; se analizaron y agruparon en cuadros; a partir del mayor consenso mostrado Discusión: existen aspectos constantes en el aprendizaje y la formación de las diversas especialidades y cohortes generacionales; así como diferencias que se observan de manera más clara en la especialidad de Enfermería en Salud Mental. Las diferencias pueden atribuirse a las características diversas que reúne cada grupo y que lleva a los docentes a realizar ajustes en su enseñanza; ponderando unos aspectos sobre otros; sin que esto implique perder de vista el referente curricular.
Apoyo emocional: conceptualización y actuación de enfermería; una mirada desde la perspectiva del alumno
Authors: Martínez Garduño María Dolores , Gómez Martínez Vicenta , Siles Juárez Piedad
Published: January 2019

Durante la formación de enfermería se hace hincapié en el apoyo emocional al paciente; destacando su importancia en el cuidado integral; sin embargo se carece de definición clara sobre este concepto y en muchas ocasiones; éste no se brinda. El objetivo fue identificar la conceptualización y cuidado de apoyo emocional que brindan los alumnos de la licenciatura en Enfermería. Metodología: El estudio fue descriptivo y transversal. El universo 210 alumnos. Las categorías del instrumento: conocimiento; identificación; planeación y evaluación de intervenciones para brindar apoyo emocional. Una minoría define apoyo emocional como “Dar confianza; empatía y dar a conocer lo que le va a realizar al paciente”. Resultados: El conocimiento de la patología es prioritario (16%) las acciones que realizan están encaminadas a favorecer la conversación como medio de disminución de la respuesta emocional (44%); considera que es necesario ayudar o animar al paciente a expresar sus sentimientos (39%); considera que se debe platicar con el paciente sobre algo ajeno a su enfermedad para brindar apoyo emocional 16%; se debe brindar apoyo emocional realizando los procedimientos sin hablarle al paciente es la opinión del .55%. Es imprescindible hacer evidente la necesidad de crear una escala que facilite la valoración; y la evaluación de las intervenciones de enfermería con relación a las emociones sentidas y expresadas por los pacientes.
Nivel de estrés en niños(as) de primer año de primaria y correlación con alteraciones en su conducta
Authors: Loredo Martínez Nydia , Mejía Jiménez Diana , Jiménez Bautista Nancy , Matus Miranda Reyna
Published: January 2019

El trabajo escolar continuado bajo presión de tiempo y el ambiente físico son condiciones estresantes cuyos efectos provocan en los niños reacciones de adaptación. Los niños y adultos pueden mostrar diferentes modos de reaccionar frente al estrés; éste, juega un papel importante en las causas y el mantenimiento de problemas emocionales, lo que de acuerdo con ciertos autores es especialmente cierto en niños. El estrés puede ayudar en momentos de crisis ya que alerta los sentidos y hace estar en guardia, sin embargo también puede afectar la salud tanto física como mental, considerando lo anterior es importante que como enfermeras también valoremos este aspecto. Objetivo Identificar el nivel de estrés en niños(as) de primer año de primaria y valorar si existe correlación con alteraciones en su conducta. Metodología: Tipo de estudio observacional, correlacional, transversal, y descriptivo. Se integró un grupo de primer año de primaria de niños y niñas (n=41), a los que se les aplicaron los instrumentos con base en aceptación de sus padres. Se elaboraron y validaron dos cuestionarios, uno de 27 preguntas para medir el nivel de estrés, el segundo con 16 preguntas para valorar alteraciones en la conducta de los(as) niños(as). Se utilizaron las pruebas U de Mann Whitney para comparar el nivel de estrés de niños(as) y la de correlación de Spearman para estimar la correlación de las variables nivel de estrés y conducta. Resultados 34 niños presentaron niveles medios y altos de estrés, también tuvieron alteraciones en su conducta; Se obtuvo una rs=0.73, con un nivel de significancia de 0.1 (.432) entre nivel de estrés y conducta. Los 7 indicadores utilizados para la variable conducta tuvieron valores significativos, sin embargo los más altos son la agresividad y la frustración. Conclusiones 1.- Identificar los niveles de estrés en niños(as) permitirá el establecimiento de estrategias para su regulación en niveles no dañinos para su salud. 2.- Como enfermeras, este análisis, debiera formar parte de la valoración que se hace regularmente a estos grupos.
El cubre bocas ó mascarilla; un recurso para garantizar la seguridad del personal de salud y del paciente
Authors: Leyva Ruiz Guadalupe
Published: January 2019

Las instituciones de salud; se consideran entornos de estancia o permanencia temporal; que pueden volverse un medio de propagación del virus de la Influenza A(H1N1). La Ley General de Salud en su artículo 3º dispone lo que en materia de salubridad general se refiere entre otras; en su fracción XVII define la prevención y el control de las enfermedades transmisibles y en la Fracción XV; la prevención y el control de los efectos nocivos de los factores ambientales en la salud del hombre; por lo que el uso de mascarillas en el personal es común utilizándola para diversos procedimientos tanto clínicos como quirúrgicos para prevenir infecciones individuales; colectivas y protegerse de los riesgos que pongan en peligro su salud; según su aplicación a los cubre bocas o mascarillas se les denominan como: mascarilla quirúrgica ó de higiene y mascarilla de protección o respirador; a partir de su clasificación se desglosa su objetivo de uso; funcionamiento; duración; características nivel de protección y eficacia
Encrucijadas de la moneda única. Algunas claves para una reflexión desde la periferia
Authors: Lucía Vicent Valverde Fernando Luengo Escalonilla
Published: January 2019

 

The article reflects about the viability and implications of the Economic and Monetary Union from a Southern periphery of the European Union perspective, especially that of the Spanish economy. The argument is developed through two ideas: a) euro zone’s reconfiguration carried out by community leaders has preserved and also has sharpened imbalances and asymmetries that triggered the economic crisis, b) the debate on how to overcome it contains and transcends the dilemma that arises from being  part of the European Monetary area, or not.

 
PENDAMPINGAN KOMERSIALISASI MINUMAN HERBAL BAGI PENGURUS DAERAH AISYIYAH KOTA MALANG
Authors: Wahyuni Endang Dwi , Suprapti Eny
Published: January 2019

Goals the activities to provide business motivation as well as assistance commercialization of herbal drinks for the Regional Board Aisyiyah Malang . Aisyiyah management already has a cooperative that can be used as a container to market their products. During this product sold in the cooperative quite a lot, among others: school uniforms, school equipment, snacks and various types of beverages. However, the products sold, there is no production of Aisyiyah citizens themselves. Therefore, it is necessary to motivate the herbal beverage business for the board and members to capture the existing business opportunities, while providing commercialization assistance.The results of direct training is practiced and sold at every bazaar event that is always held every activity conducted by Economic and Entrepreneurship Assembly, PDA Malang. Advisory activities are carried out directly whenever any complaints or obstacles are encountered, such as issues related to storage durability or expiration period, hygienic packaging, unpleasant taste, use / addition of other materials, etc.
A comparison of logistics strategies and integration in the U.S. and Ghana
Authors: McGinnis Michael A , Spillan John E , Kara Ali , Domfeh King Obed
Published: January 2019

This manuscript empirically compares logistics strategies and outcomes in Ghanaian and U.S. firms to test the underlying factor structure and measurement equivalences of the Bowersox/Daugherty model and its relationship with critical success factors. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from Ghanaian and American logistics managers. Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), we compared the three dimensions of Overall Logistics Strategy (OLS) - Process Strategy, Market Strategy, and Information Strategy – in the two countries. A structural equation model (SEM) was then used to assess the impact of OLS on perceived organizational competitiveness in the two countries. Although the economic, political, and cultural dimensions of the two countries differed substantially, the relationships among the constructs used were similar. Data from both countries provided strong support for the dimensionality of the Overall Logistic Strategy (OLS). In addition, it was found that OLS, when combined with Logistics Coordination Effectiveness (LCE) and Customer Service Effectiveness (CSE), contributes to organizational effectiveness (COMP) in both the countries studied. This research provides insights into comparative logistics in two completely disparate economies and provides support for the Bowersox/Daugherty logistics/supply chain management typology. The manuscript also provides insights into comparative logistics/ supply chain management that have not been previously reported through empirical research.
Increasing responsiveness through the firm-LSP relationship structure: A behavioral perspective
Authors: Gligor David M , Holcomb Mary C
Published: January 2019

This study investigates the behavioral aspects of the firm-logistics service provider (LSP) relationship in order to better understand the avenues through which LSP responsiveness to changing customer needs can be enhanced. Because the research examining the behavioral aspects of the firm- LSP relationship is sparse, a dyadic qualitative research approach was taken to explore the development of a relationship structure that will facilitate the level of responsiveness that the firm desires. This study revealed that the key to enhancing LSP responsiveness lays in the structure of the firm-LSP relationship. Specifically, it was found that the level of cooperation, coordination, communication, and bonding between the focal firm and the LSP have a direct effect on the LSP’s level of responsiveness to the firm’s needs.
Making transportation options possible
Authors: Lembke Ronald S , Rogers Dale S
Published: January 2019

Transportation options provide the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell transportation capacity at a future date. These options can provide shippers, carriers and logistics companies a significant opportunity to reduce risks and increase capacity flexibility. This paper summarizes some of these benefits, describes a number of issues to be resolved before trading transportation options can become a reality, and presents possible resolutions for these issues.
Kontribusi Guru Kelas dalam Pembinaan Kode Etik Siswa MIN di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Mardiana Mardiana , Gade Syabuddin
Published: January 2019

Developing students’ code of ethics is part of the main duties and functions of teachers as educators and instructors in schools. The study of this thesis aimed to investigate the socialization ways of the students’ code of ethics, the methods used in developing the students’ code of ethics, and the obstacles indeveloping the students’ code of ethics faced by thehomeroomteachers of MIN (Islamic elementary schools) in Banda Aceh downtown. This study used a descriptive qualitative research design. Data collection techniques included observation, interview, and documentation study. The subjects of the study were the principals and the homeroom teachers of MIN 4, MIN 5, and MIN 6 in Banda Aceh. The results of the study showed that first, the principals and the homeroom teachers have always tried to socialize the students’code of ethics, either through the preparation of the program at the beginning of the school year or through the pamphlets displayed in places seen by everyone in the schools. In addition, the teachers have made an agreement with the students by listing some violations and rewards in the classrooms. All of these aimed to foster the students’code of ethics in order to improve the quality of character education at MIN Banda Aceh. Second, the homeroom teachers applied persuasive and educativemethods and techniquesin fostering the code of ethics for the students. These werecarried out by distributing brochures at the beginning of the school year for the first year students, creating an educational slogan, and putting the school code of ethics on pamphlets. The other methods used were being role models, direct reprimanding, providing suggestions for more polite and respectful attitudes, communicating effectively, and giving rewards and educative sanctions. And third, the obstacles encountered by the teachers in the development of the students’ code of ethics included the lack of religious education in the family, limited time for the teachers to conduct optimal supervision on the code of ethics for the students, the size of the classroom, and the immature age of the students. However, the teachers have made efforts to overcome allof these obstacles properly. If there are some issues related to the students’ code of ethics, they will make appropriate measures in order to reduce the obstacles.
Reducción del nivel de potasio en vinaza de destilería utilizando resinas de intercambio iónico
Authors: Torres Gaviria Luisa Fernanda , Ocampo Vélez Juan Camilo , Socarrás Cárdenas Alcira
Published: January 2019

En la producción de azúcar a partir de caña de azúcar se genera un subproducto denominado melaza, el cual es utilizado para la elaboración de alcohol carburante y este a su vez genera un nuevo residuo denominado vinaza. En promedio, se generan de 10 a 15 litros de vinaza por cada litro de alcohol producido. La vinaza tiene un alto contenido de materia orgánica y de micronutrientes que si no se manejan adecuadamente pueden contaminar el medio ambiente. Dentro de estos minerales se encuentra el potasio entre 10 y 18 mg/ml aproximadamente, el cual limita la utilización de la vinaza como fertilizante debido a que puede contaminar fuentes de agua y suelo con potasio y esto a su vez, restringe su utilización como componente en las formulaciones para concentrados de animales. Por tal razón, en el presente trabajo se realizó la disminución de potasio en vinazas provenientes de destilería de un ingenio azucarero de la región utilizando resina de intercambio catiónica fuerte y luego se utilizó una solución de ácido sulfúrico 4% como eluente para regenerar la resina de intercambio. Se obtuvo una disminución entre 97 – 98 % del contenido inicial del potasio en la vinaza y una recuperación de potasio (99%) como una solución de sulfato de potasio, la cual puede ser utilizada nuevamente como fertilizante líquido. La vinaza decationizada podría utilizarse como fertilizante orgánico en mayor proporción en los cultivos de caña de azúcar.
Graduation Piece
Authors: Mariana Nobre Vieira
Published: January 2019

MA SODA 401 Workbook
Epidemiological characteristics of suicide in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina
Authors: Kacavenda-Babovic Dragana , Djuric Predrag , Babovic Radomir , Dugandzija Tihomir , Djekic-Malbasa Jelena , Rajcevic Smiljana
Published: January 2019

Introduction. Suicide is defined as a conscious and deliberate taking of
one?s own life, or a self-destructive behavior with a fatal outcome. Every
year, millions of people are affected by suicide or the feeling of grief.
The aim of our research was to review the basic epidemiological
characteristics of suicide in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, in order
to assist in tar?geted prevention programs. Material and Methods. A
retrospec?tive, observational study was conducted. The data were analyzed in
chronological order and in accordance with different demo?graphic
characteristics and topographic distribution. Basic sta?tistical indicators
were used as parameters: non-standardized, standardized and specific
mortality rates. Results. During the observed period, from 1991 until the
end of 2010, in the Autono?mous Province of Vojvodina, the average annual
non-standard?ized suicide rate was 27.9/100,000 inhabitants. The highest
sui?cide rate was recorded in 1992 and 1993 (33.7/100,000 and 34.5/100,000,
respectively) and in 1999 (31.5/100,000). The high?est age-specific suicide
rate was recorded in ? 80 year-old age group (120.5/100,000). The suicide
rates were significantly high?er among males, while the most common suicide
method for both sexes was by hanging (69.9%). The highest average annual
sui?cide rate was recorded among widowers (176.9/100,000) and widows
(37.8/100,000). The lowest number of suicides was re?corded in persons with
higher level of education. Conclusion. Since in the Autonomous Province of
Vojvodina persons at in?creased risk for suicide include males, the elderly
population, persons with low education levels, and people who lost their
partners, suicide prevention strategies should target these groups,
including primary and secondary prevention measures.
Awareness, knowledge and behavior of highschool students con­cerning sexually transmitted infections
Authors: Relic Milijana , Relic Nenad , Pficer-Kuzmanovic Jovana , Relic Goran
Published: January 2019

Introduction. This paper presents the results of a research con?ducted among
senior high school students in northern Kosovo and Metohija on their
knowledge about sexually transmitted infections, emphasizing their awareness
and sources of information, as well as their sexual behavior and use of
contraceptives. Material and Methods. The survey of senior high school
students was done using a previously prepared anonymous questionnaire which
was followed by statistical processing of fully completed questionnaires.
Results. The research included students aged 17 to 19; 63% were females and
37% males; 35.8% were sexually active. The correct definition of sexually
transmitted infections was identified by 49%. School was the source of
information on these infections for 45.6% of stu?dents and biology class for
45.7%. There were 40.6% sexually active male respondents and 33.0% of female
(on average, 18 years old). Of the surveyed students of both sexes, 40.6%
became sexually active at the age of 17. Condom use was reported by 49% of
respond?ents of both sexes, whereas 50.8% of sexually active students always
used condoms. There were 38.7% (38.9% girls, 38.4% boys) of students who
used condoms for protection against sexually trans?mitted infections, and
58.1% of them personally decided whether to use them. Conclusion. The
majority of our respondents were able to identify the correct definition of
sexually transmitted infections, and they most often heard of the human
immunodeficiency virus/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome. School was
their most com?mon source of information, biology class, and a considerable
number were informed about this issue on the Internet. The major?ity of
sexually active girls did not use any contraceptives. School curricula and
parent-child relationships should have a greater impact on the youth?s
awareness of reproductive health.
Osteoid osteoma in a young athlete - a case report from the perspective of a primary health care pediatrician
Authors: Petrovic Vesna , Rozek-Mitrovic Tanja , Visnjevac Danilo
Published: January 2019

Introduction. Osteoid osteoma is a benign osteoblastic tumor, usually 1.5 - 2
cm in diameter, characterized by a well demarcated central area (osteoid
nidus) surrounded by a sclerotic bone. It accounts for 5% of all primary bone
tumors and most often affects the femur and tibia. The tumor is mostly seen
in the second and third decades of life, more often in males, and the typical
symptom is pain that worsens at night and responds well to analgesics. Case
Report. We present a case of a young athlete, 11 years of age, who presented
with characteristic symptoms and localization, as well as a typical
radiographic finding. The timely action of a primary health care pediatrician
and radiography reduced the time to definitive diagnosis and prompt surgical
treatment was provided. The boy gradually started resuming his sports
activities six months after the beginning of symptoms and 2.5 months after
the surgery. Conclusion. In differential diagnosis of chronic leg pain in
patients under the age of 18 years, primary health care pediatricians rely on
medical history and physical examination, whereas after that plain
radiography of the painful area should be considered. If the nidus is clearly
seen in the X-ray, the possibility of diagnosing an osteoid osteoma
increases, and timely and adequate treatment are provided.
Current principles of diagnosis and treatment of reactive arthritis
Authors: Boskovic Ksenija
Published: January 2019

Introduction. Reactive arthritis is an autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic
disease which develops as a reaction to urogenital or intestinal infections.
Clinical Signs and Symptoms. It manifests as a peripheral asymmetrical
monoarthritis or polyarthritis, mainly involving the lower extremities.
Apart from joints, it can also affect the spinal cord, but also involve the
muscle attachment sites, tendons, bursae, conjunctiva, anterior segment of
the eye, damage to the skin and mucous membranes, causing typical
asymmetrical sausage-like edema of fingers and/or toes. Diagnosis. The
diagnosis is based on the Berlin Diagnostic Criteria including the
characteristics of peripheral arthritis and evidence of previous infection.
Approximately 65%-85% of patients with reactive arthritis are positive for
human leukocyte antigen - B27. Treatment of Reactive Arthritis. The therapy
includes antibiotics chosen according to the antibiogram for the causative
agent of the infection. The therapy is aimed at pain management and control
of the autoimmune response of synovial lining of the joints, i.e. at
prevention of articular damage. Drug therapy includes non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs, analgesics, steroids, immunosuppressive agents and
biological drugs. Other methods of treatment are also recommended, such as
rest in the acute phase of the disease, physical therapy and patient?s
education. Conclusion. Development of new diagnostic methods, particularly
molecular diagnostics, and new therapeutic modalities using new generation
drugs, has created conditions for more efficient treatment of reactive
arthritis.
History of research involving mentally disabled persons - from exploitation through exclusion to appropriate inclusion
Authors: Dakic Tea
Published: January 2019

Introduction. The inability to protect their own interests makes mentally
disabled subjects particularly vulnerable; they face an increased likelihood
of being wronged or harmed in the context of research. Therefore, they are
due to having extra protection and safeguarding. History of research
misconduct and abuse of mentally ill patients. The 20th century abounds with
examples of ethically inadmissible experiments conducted on decisionally
impaired patients. The most infamous among them are surely the atrocities of
the Nazi doctors, whose fraudulent ex?periments resulted in death of hundreds
of thousands of imprisoned innocent and mentally ill individuals. Current
and previous regulations and recommendations on research involving the
mentally ill. Extreme use of potentially vulnerable mentally ill persons in
research has led to a set of policies and practices for protection from
exploitation and abuse of human research participants. While the regulations
initially protected these vulnerable patients by prohibiting research
including the mentally disabled, current guidelines propose appropriate
safe?guarding so that they may be involved in appropriate research.
Conclusion. Protection measures for the mentally disabled persons who are
unable to consent to their involvement in research, by banning all biomedical
research including the mentally ill are restrictive and unnecessary. Even if
well-intended, such overprotection is discriminatory and implies that new
treatments for conditions that directly affect the incapacitated subjects
will not be developed. Providing that they are properly protected from
unnecessary harms, appropriate inclusion of vulnerable mentally ill patients
in research is necessary in order to meet their health needs in a safe
manner.
New Byzantine seals from Morava (Margum) and Branicevo
Authors: Ivanisevic Vujadin , Krsmanovic Bojana
Published: January 2019

The authors present new finds of Byzantine lead seals at Morava (Margum),
Branicevo and the broader area around them. The seals from Morava and
Branicevo were unearthed in the course of archaeological excavations, which
make these finds particularly important. Significant among them is the seal
from Morava, which belonged to Symeon (?), magister and logothete of the
dromos, from the end of the tenth century, which indicates the presence of
Byzantine officials in Morava and the establishment of Byzantine authority
along the north-western Danubian border following the fall of the Bulgarian
empire in 971. Three new seals from Branicevo complement the list of
Byzantine officials in connection with the events on the Danubian border in
the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The seals found in the broader area of
Brani~evo should also be added to this list. Of particular significance among
them is the seal of Georgios Palaiologos Doukas Komnenos, megas
hetaireiarches, a well known historical figure involved in events in Hungary,
Serbia and on the Danubian border in the 1160s.
The bathing chamber in the castle of Novo Brdo
Authors: Popovic Marko
Published: January 2019

A recent archaeological excavation of the Castle of the town of Novo Brdo has
discovered residential buildings from the second quarter of the 14th century
as well as the remains of a subsequently built bath, dated to the end of the
14th or beginning of the 15th century. Built on a small area, the bath
consisted of a single bathing chamber above a hypocaust, a water reservoir
and a furnace. Since there were no natural springs or groundwater wells, it
was supplied with water from cisterns. The bathing chamber, originally
domed, was not furnished with a masonry water basin. It was heated by an
under floor hypocaust system and by steam conveyed by pipes from are servoir
of boiling water. The only known analogies for this small structure,
presently the only such discovered in medieval Serbia and its neighborhood,
are bathing chambers in residential complexes in the region of Amalfi,
southern Italy.
Type 2 Diabetes, but Not Insulin (Analog) Treatment, Is Associated With More Advanced Stages of Breast Cancer: A National Linkage of Cancer and Pharmacy Registries
Authors: Overbeek Jetty A. , van Herk-Sukel Myrthe P.P. , Vissers Pauline A.J. , van der Heijden Amber A.W.A. , Bronsveld Heleen K. , Herings Ron M.C. , Schmidt Marjanka K. , Nijpels Giel
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE

To investigate whether women with type 2 diabetes (T2D) develop a more advanced stage of breast cancer and whether treatment with insulin (analogs) is associated with specific breast cancer characteristics.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

For this nested case-control study, women with breast cancer diagnosed in 2002–2014 were selected from the linked Netherlands Cancer Registry–PHARMO Database Network (N = 33,377). T2D was defined as receiving two or more dispensings of noninsulin blood glucose–lowering drugs prior to breast cancer diagnosis. Women with T2D were matched to women without diabetes. Among women with T2D, insulin users and nonusers were compared. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to investigate the association between T2D/insulin and breast cancer characteristics, including TNM classification (tumor size, lymph node status, metastasis), morphology, grade, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, and molecular subtype.

RESULTS

Women with T2D (n = 1,567) were more often diagnosed with a more advanced tumor stage (odds ratio 1.28 [95% CI 13–1.44]) and a higher grade (1.22 [1.08–1.39]) though less often with a PR-negative breast tumor (0.77 [0.67–0.89]) than women without diabetes (n = 6,267). No associations were found for the other breast cancer characteristics. Women with T2D using insulin (n = 388) were not diagnosed with different breast cancer characteristics compared with women with T2D not using insulin (n = 1,179).

CONCLUSIONS

Our study suggests that women with T2D are at increased risk to be diagnosed with a more aggressive type of breast cancer than women without diabetes. No evidence was found that the use of insulin (analogs) is associated with developing more advanced breast cancer tumors.
A Sacred Space Is Never Empty
Authors: Smolkin Victoria
Published: January 2019

When the Bolsheviks set out to build a new world in the wake of the Russian Revolution, they expected religion to die off. Soviet power used a variety of tools—from education to propaganda to terror—to turn its vision of a Communist world without religion into reality. Yet even with its monopoly on ideology and power, the Soviet Communist Party never succeeded in overcoming religion and creating an atheist society. This book presents the first history of Soviet atheism from the 1917 revolution to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. The book argues that to understand the Soviet experiment, we must make sense of Soviet atheism. It shows how atheism was reimagined as an alternative cosmology with its own set of positive beliefs, practices, and spiritual commitments. Through its engagements with religion, the Soviet leadership realized that removing religion from the “sacred spaces” of Soviet life was not enough. Then, in the final years of the Soviet experiment, Mikhail Gorbachev—in a stunning and unexpected reversal—abandoned atheism and reintroduced religion into Soviet public life. The book explores the meaning of atheism for religious life, for Communist ideology, and for Soviet politics.
Ernst Kantorowicz
Authors: Lerner Robert E.
Published: January 2019

This is the first complete biography of Ernst Kantorowicz (1895–1963), an influential and controversial German– American intellectual whose colorful and dramatic life intersected with many of the great events and thinkers of his time. Born into a wealthy Prussian-Jewish family, Kantorowicz fought on the Western Front in World War I, was wounded at Verdun, and earned an Iron Cross. Later, he earned an Iron Crescent for service in Anatolia before an affair with a general's mistress led to Kantorowicz being sent home. After the war, he fought against Poles in his native Posen, Spartacists in Berlin, and communists in Munich. An ardent German nationalist during the Weimar period, Kantorowicz became a member of the elitist Stefan George circle, which nurtured a cult of the “Secret Germany”. Yet as a professor in Frankfurt after the Nazis came to power, Kantorowicz bravely spoke out against the regime before an overflowing crowd. Narrowly avoiding arrest after Kristallnacht, he fled to England and then the United States, where he joined the faculty at Berkeley, only to be fired in 1950 for refusing to sign an anticommunist “loyalty oath.” From there, he “fell up the ladder” to Princeton's Institute for Advanced Study, where he stayed until his death. Drawing on many new sources, including numerous interviews and unpublished letters, this book tells the story of a major intellectual whose life and times were as fascinating as his work.
Doa Search and Retrieval Using N-Gram
Authors: Abu Mangshor Nur Nabilah , Sabri Nurbaity , Ibrahim Zaidah , Kasiran Zolidah , Ahmad Anis Safura
Published: January 2019

‘Doa’ is derived from Arabic word which means that one asks for the fulfillment or a need or the cure of sickness from him/her. Having to search and retrieve the relevant ‘doa’ for one needs at any particular time is beneficial. There are some search and retrieval applications that require using the exact match of the keyword search with the words stored in the database. This approach leads to the retrieval of insignificant results as users need to know the exact word to be searched. Therefore, this project allows for partial keyword search that utilises N-gram method for the search and retrieval process. Moreover, various words may have similar meaning thus to increase the accuracy of the retrieved result, this project compares the dice and overlap coefficient algorithms to find the synonyms of the searched word. The result produced indicates that overlap coefficient perform better than dice coefficient.
Microbubbles Size Distribution at Different Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Temperatures for Oil Recovery Study
Authors: Mohamad Nurul Hazwani , Sulaiman Alawi , Krishnan Jagannathan , Mokhtar Mohd Noriznan , Baharuddin Azhari Samsu
Published: January 2019

Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is the largest contributor of biomass from the palm oil milling industry. Conventional method of POME treatment using ponding system should be improved because of huge land resource requirement. In this study, microbubbles technology was applied to understand the recovery rate of residual oil from POME at different operating temperatures. Temperature for POME was set at 27 oC, 30 oC and 50 oC to determine the microbubble size distributions and characteristics at different POME temperature. At each temperature, the size of microbubbles was measured based on six size range; <10 μm, (11-20) μm, (21-30) μm, (31-40) μm, (41-50) μm and >50 μm. The results showed that at different temperatures, the microbubbles size distribution varies and the smallest group of microbubbles (<10μm) was generated at 50oC. According to Stoke-Einstein equation, at higher temperature, smaller size of microbubbles is generated because of the gas diffusion factor into liquid.
DAMPAK BULLYING PADA TUGAS PERKEMBANGAN REMAJA KORBAN BULLYING
Authors: Zakiyah Ela Zain , Fedryansyah Muhammad , Gutama Arie Surya
Published: January 2019

Meningkatnya jumlah kasus bullying dari tahun ke tahun membuat kasus ini bisa disebut sebagai salah satu masalah sosial di Indonesia. Hal ini dikarenakan perilaku bullying membawa banyak dampak negatif bagi seluruh pihak yang terlibat, terutama korbannya. Berbagai hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dampak bullying yang dirasakan korban dapat menghambat berbagai aspek perkembangan remaja yang menjadi target bullying. Penelitian ini menunjukkan dampak bullying pada kemampuan remaja korban bullying dalam menguasai tugas perkembangannya. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari dua orang siswi kelas XI SMK Pariwisata Telkom Bandung yang menjadi korban bullying verbal dan relasional. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara mendalam serta observasi non-partisipatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bullying mempengaruhi tugas perkembangan remaja korban bullying, namun terdapat faktor yang dapat menghambat dampak tersebut, yaitu dukungan sosial dan strategi coping. Maka dari itu, diperlukan sebuah program anti-bullying yang melibatkan kerja sama antara guru, orang tua, dan siswa dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang suportif sehingga korban merasa nyaman untuk mencari bantuan kepada lingkungannya.
Optimal Electric-Power Distribution and Load-Sharing on Smart-Grids: Analysis by Artificial Neural Network
Authors: De Groff Dolores , Melendez Roxana , Neelakanta Perambur , Akif Hajar
Published: January 2019

This study refers to developing an electric-power distribution system  with optimal/suboptimal load-sharing in the complex and expanding metro power-grid infrastructure.  That is, the relevant exercise is to indicate a smart forecasting strategy on optimal/suboptimal power-distribution to consumers served by a smart-grid utility.  An artificial neural network (ANN) is employed to model the said optimal power-distribution between generating sources and distribution centers.  A compatible architecture of the test ANN with ad hoc suites of training/prediction schedules is indicated thereof. Pertinent exercise is to determine smartly the power supported on each transmission-line  between generating to distribution-nodes.  Further, a “smart” decision protocol prescribing  the constraint that no transmission-line carries in excess of a desired load.  An algorithm is developed to implement the prescribed constraint via the test ANN; and, each value of the load  shared by each distribution-line  (meeting the power-demand of the consumers) is elucidated from the ANN output. The test ANN includes the use of a traditional multilayer architecture with feed-forward and backpropagation techniques; and,  a fast convergence algorithm (deduced in terms of eigenvalues of a Hessian matrix associated with the input data) is adopted. Further, a novel method based on information-theoretic heuristics (in Shannon’s sense) is invoked towards model specifications. Lastly, the study results are discussed with exemplified computations using appropriate field data.
ASPECTOS FISIOGRÁFICOS DA BACIA DO RIO AURÁ PARA FINS DE PLANEJAMENTO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Mendes Jonas Jansen , Pereira Regina Célia de Castro , Pereira Edilea Dutra , França Thais Aguiar
Published: January 2019

A utilização da bacia hidrográfica como unidade de planejamento e pesquisa se justifica por ser uma das melhores formas de análise, pois nesse ambiente se associam os processos naturais à ação antrópica. A pesquisa tem como objetivo realizar a caracterização fisiográfica da bacia do rio Aurá para fins de planejamento ambiental, destacando suas principais características geológico-geomorfológicas para melhor entendimento de sua hidrodinâmica. Como procedimento metodológico utilizou-se levantamento bibliográfico para construção de concepções teóricas e práticas, além da pesquisa in loco, para constatação de dados levantados e registros fotográficos, realizando representações gráficas referente à fisiografia da bacia. A bacia hidrográfica em estudo predomina os Depósitos Fluviais (39,43%) e a Formação Itapecuru (46,01%) com potencial para extração de argila. O aquífero Itapecuru ocorre como aquífero livre ou semi confinado classificado como de potencial hidrogeológico de fraco a médio. A área caracteriza-se como uma ampla planície com declividade plana a suavemente ondulada, destacando fortes ondulações das colinas na porção nordeste do divisor de água do curso inferior da bacia que são constituídas pelos sedimentos arenosos do Grupo Barreiras. O problema hídrico na bacia do rio Aurá ocorre, fundamentalmente, das condições geológicas, decorrentes da predominância da Formação Itapecuru e substrato hidrogeológico com fraco a médio potencial para o abastecimento público, relacionado ao comportamento hidrológico dos rios, de caráter intermitente, principalmente no período de estiagem, sendo intensificado pelas características estuarinas que resultam na paisagem impar dos campos inundáveis da Baixada Maranhense com sua rica biodiversidade e potencial mineral.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Caracterização Geológico-Geomorfológica; Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Aurá; Baixada maranhense