bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and its Associated Factors among Nepali Army Service Members and Veterans: 15 Years Post Insurgency
Authors: Rawal Namrata Mahara , Pradhan Monalisha , Manandhar Pradeep , Adhikari Suman Prasad , Amatya Richa , Khadka Bharat
Published: January 2022

Globally, mental health problems constitute a serious public health problem, contributing 14 % to the global burden of disease. The aim of this epidemiological study was to identify prevalence rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), factors associated and its relationship with combat exposure in a post-insurgency period in Nepali army personnel and Veterans. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 adults in 2021. In the study both quantitative and qualitative mixed approach with descriptive design was followed. The outcome measures used in the study were locally validated with PCL-M and combat exposure scale. Of the sample, 9 % met threshold for PTSD. The association of variable in reference to age, rank, education and service years with PTSD showed that Age group and Education in current study did not show significant association. However, PTSD with years of service and rank showed significant association. The study also showed a significant relationship between combat exposure and PTSD. There is a significant association between different level of education and combat exposure as well. Overall, the prevalence rates of PTSD in the sample are comparable to other studies conducted with populations affected by conflict and with refugees. However, the findings underscore the need to address the current mental health care awareness and resources in combatants who were exposed to traumatic events during combat in insurgency period. Traumatic exposure predicted increase in PTSD.
Prevalence of Multidrug-resistant and Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella Pneumoniae and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates in Tertiary Care Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Darnal Rojina , Ansari Mehraj , Rai Ganesh , Rai Kul Raj , Rai Shiba Kumar
Published: January 2022

Carbapenemases are the enzymes that catalyze β–lactam groups of antibiotics. The carbapenemase producers are resistant to β–lactam antibiotics and are usually multidrug-resistant bacteria challenging widely used therapeutics and treatment options. Therefore, the detection of carbapenemase activity among clinical isolates is of great therapeutic importance. We aimed to study the MDR and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various clinical samples at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal. A total of 3,579 clinical samples were collected from the patients visiting the Department of Microbiology, B&B Hospital, Gwarko, Lalitpur. The samples were processed to isolate K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa and then subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Phenotypic detection of carbapenemase activity was performed in the imipenem-resistant isolates by the modified Hodge test (MHT). Of the total samples, 1,067 (29.8%) samples showed significant growth positivity, out of which 190 (17.3%) isolates were K. pneumoniae and 121 (11.3%) were P. aeruginosa. Multidrug resistance was seen in 70.5% of the K. pneumoniae isolates and 65.3% of the P. aeruginosa isolates. Carbapenemase production was confirmed in 11.9%, and 12.2% of the imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively, by the MHT. This study determined the higher prevalence of MDR among K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa; however, carbapenemase production was relatively low.
Outcome of Locally Assembled Continous Positive Airway Pressure Device in Neonates with Respiratory Distress in Low Resource Setting
Authors: Shrestha Sabina , Shrestha Sujit Kumar , Shrestha Gentle Sunder , Dhakal Madhu Sudan
Published: January 2022

Respiratory distress is the most frequent cause of neonatal admission in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is an effective mode of treatment in newborn with respiratory distress. CPAP is the application of positive pressure to the airways of spontaneously breathing patient throughout the respiratory cycle. Low cost CPAP can be locally assembled and used in neonates with respiratory distress to reduce the mortality. This is a cross sectional descriptive study conducted in NICU of Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital from the period of June 2021 to September 2021 to assess the outcome of locally assembled CPAP. A total of 96 newborns with respiratory distress were included in the study. Severity of respiratory distress was assessed by Downes score. Downes score before and after CPAP were recorded. Newborn with Downes score of ≥4 was started with locally assembled CPAP. Outcome was taken as improvement when the respiratory distress was decreased with Downes score<4. And it was taken as a failure when baby required mechanical ventilation. Mean Downes score before starting CPAP was 4.81 and after CPAP was 0.51. Mean CPAP pressure was 4.27cm of water. Outcome of study showed, 80 (83.3%) babies were improved, 7 (7.3%) had failed CPAP who required mechanical ventilation and 1 (1%) baby expired. In conclusion, locally assembled CPAP shown to be equally effective as standard CPAP device and can be used as an effective alternative to mechanical ventilator in developing country with limited resource setting.
Anterior Skull Base Analysis from Coronal and Reconstructed Computed Tomography: Radio-Anatomical Study
Authors: Neupane Bhima , Poudel Phanindra Prasad , Sharma Prakash , Koirala Krishna , Sigdel Brihaspati
Published: January 2022

Endoscopic sinus and skull base Surgery has gained significant improvement widely all over the world. A computerized tomography (CT) scan provides a detailed anatomy of the skull base especially the bone framework. This study aims to analyze the fixed anatomical bony landmarks of the anterior skull base through coronal and reconstructed CT in the context of the Nepalese population and guide the surgeon to perform endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery safely. This Prospective study includes 70 Computerized Tomography scans of Paranasal sinuses. The different measurement from nasal floor to skull base was taken in coronal and reformatted sagittal CT scan. Mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Student T-test was applied to compare between right and left side. This study includes 75 patients between 18 to 77 years. The measurement from nasal floor to the cribriform plate and ethmoidal roof in right and left side were, mean± SD (47± 4.1, 45.3±4.3, 47.9±5.1, and 49±8.5 mm) respectively. Mean Take off angle at the cribriform plate was 43.9 ±10.9°on right side and 43 ± 9.4° on the left side. The distance from the nasal spine to the skull base (mean ± SD) at nasofrontal recess, bulla ethmoidalis, and the junction of sphenoethmoid levels at right sides were 51.5 ± 4.7, 52.9 ± 4.1, and 61.2 ±4.7 little higher at left side. This study provides a detailed analysis of the anterior skull base in coronal and sagittal CT scans which helps to reduces complications.
Survey of Impression Materials and Techniques Used in Fixed Prosthodontics among Nepalese Dentists
Authors: Pathak Binita , Dahal Sukriti , Khapung Anju
Published: January 2022

There is variation in fixed prosthodontics practice and many studies have concluded that clinicians definitely deviate from the recommended clinical protocols. If this happens during treatment with fixed prosthesis, the quality of fixed prostheses is compromised which affects it’s long term survival. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of impression materials and techniques in fixed prosthodontics among Nepalese dentists and to compare the findings on the basis of educational level and years of experience. A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based online survey was done amongst the Nepalese Dentists through google forms. Data from the completed questionnaires were analysed using the SPSS version 16. All statistical analyses were carried out at a significance level of P < 0.05. Out of 129 participants, 68 (52.7%) dentists often made diagnostic impression for fabrication of study cast. 85(65.9%) dentists used Addition silicone, 11(8.5%) used Condensation silicone and 33(25.6%) used Alginate for final impression making. Most commonly used elastomeric impression technique was Putty Wash single stage (56.2%), 40.7% used Putty Wash two stage, 3.1% used Single mix (Monophase) technique. Regarding retraction cord, 63.5% of dentists used Plain gingival retraction cord and 35.7% of dentists used Chemical impregnated retraction cord. Conclusion: The study found that most of the responses on use of impression materials and techniques were significantly associated with the level of education and clinical experience.
Outcome of Inferonasal Conjunctival Autograft in Pterygium Surgery
Authors: Adhikari Pragati Gautam , Joshi Sagun Narayan
Published: January 2022

This study was done to evaluate the outcome of pterygium excision with inferonasal conjunctival autograft at a tertiary eye care centre. Retrospective analysis of medical records of primary pterygia patients operated by a single surgeon between 2017 to 2020 were analyzed. A total of 43 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The demographic variables, along with size of pterygium and recurrence over a period of six month follow up was noted. The mean age of patients was 46.97 years (29-74 years). The mean size of pterygium was 3.17 mm. Recurrence was seen in 3 eyes over a period of 6 months. Graft edema was observed in 11 patients and graft hemorrhage along with congestion was seen in 8 cases which resolved over a 3 weeks follow up period. Mild conjunctival scarring was seen over donor area in 5 of the eyes. Pterygium excision with inferior conjunctival autograft is an effective alternative technique to superotemporal autograft technique.
Prevalence of Anemia and Morphological Variation in RBC among COPD Patients admitted at a Tertiary Health Care Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
Authors: Manandhar Seerina Adhikari , Pramanik Tapas , Devkota Krishna Chandra , Panta Prem Prasad
Published: January 2022

Many studies have depicted that anemia is one of the most common co-morbidity among Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients. Therefore, its correction in those patients is an important aspect of the treatment protocol. Our study was designed to explore the prevalence of anemia and morphological alteration, if any, in RBC among COPD patients. The study was conducted from November 2020 to June 2021 among the COPD patients admitted in the Medical ward of Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital. If hemoglobin level was <13gm/dl in males and <12gm/dl in females and/or hematocrit level was <39%, the patient was considered anemic. Anemia was morphologically classified following standardized procedure with RBC indices as a reference. Among the COPD patients (n=101), 40 (39.6%) were anemic, out of which 21(52.5%) was normocytic normochromic, 10 (25%) were microcytic hypochromic, 5 (12.5%) were normocytic hypochromic, 3 (7.5%) were microcytic normochromic and (2.5%) was macrocytic hyperchromic. Anisocytosis was commonly noted (25.7%) among the COPD patients with microcytosis (20.8%) and macrocytosis (4.9%) among them. Among the patients, 23.8% showed hypochromia while only 0.9% showed hyperchromia. Polycythemia was present in 24 (23.8%) of them. Inflammatory mediators and cytokines in COPD causes a compromised response of marrow cells to erythropoietin and shortens the survival of red blood cells.
Puerperal Complications in a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Rijal Hima , Maskey Suvana
Published: January 2022

Postnatal period is considered as an important part in reproductive life of women. Even though the antenatal phase and labour are utmost important, puerperal phase of pregnancy cannot be overlooked. Puerperal complication can sometime lead to diabilities for lifelong of women. For the prevention of postnatal complication, antenatal prepadareness is needed. The objective of this study was to find out the incidence of puerperal complications and associated risk factors. This is a retrospective, descriptive study conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology from April 2019 to March 2020. The cases of puerperal complications were noted from the record book from ward. The individual files were collected from record section. Data was collected from record files and analysed. Total number of deliveries were 4932 in one year. Out of which, 84 cases (1.7%) were admitted due to various puerperal complications. Majority of the women admitted with puerperal complications were between 21-29 years, 59.5%. Sixty-four percent (n=54) were primipara and 35.7%(n=30) were multipara. Seventy-six (90.5%) were term deliveries, 6(7%) were preterm and 2(2.4%) were post term deliveries. Sixty-two (74%) had emergency cesarean section as mode of delivery. Major indication of emergency cesarean section was fetal distress (29.8%, n=25). Surgical site infection (53/84,63%) was the commonest puerperal complication followed by puerperal sepsis (8/84,9.5%). Fifty- three cases of surgical site infection (SSI) were observed in patients who had undergone emergency cesarean section. Associated medical condition like hypertension, diabeties, anemia, obesity was seen in 33.5% (n=33) of the cases. Surgical Site Infection is the most common puerperal complication and commonly seen in women who had undergone emergency cesarean section.
Giant Soft Tissue Sarcoma of Scalp with Skull and Cerebral Invasion
Authors: Yelamanchi Raghav , Manjunath Parikshith , Gupta Nikhil , Durga CK
Published: January 2022

Scalp soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are very rare accounting for less than 0.1% of all malignancies. We report a rare clinical image of advanced stage soft tissue sarcoma of the scalp. A 65 year woman had presented to the surgical department with complaints of a rapidly growing swelling over the scalp for three months. On examination there was huge 20 x 20 cm swelling over the scalp in the left temporoparietal region with variegated consistency. Computed tomography of head revealed a large soft tissue mass with necrosis invading the bone and underlying brain parenchyma. Histopathological finding from core needle biopsy revealed pleomorphic sarcoma. STS are highly malignant tumors which should be diagnosed and treated using multimodality approach. Recurrences are common even after complete resection and prognosis is poor.
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in Adult: A Rare Case
Authors: Nakarmi Rajiv , Chen Ming-Jenn , Ong Khaa- Hoo , Shrestha Muza , Maharjan Sundar
Published: January 2022

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare neoplasm of intermediate biologic potential. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the alimentary tract often occurs in children or young adults, but may occur at any age. The lung is the most commonly affected location. However, it may appear in small bowel mesentery especially the distal ileum, mesotransverse colon, or greater omentum. A 35 years old female presented to out-patient department with complaint of mass in right abdomen since 1 month associated with loss of weight. Computed tomography of abdomen revealed a solid intraperitoneal mass arising from bowel mesentery. Laparoscopic excision of the tumor was performed and the histopathological examination of the mass revealed it to be an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor arising from the omentum and large bowel mesentery. The post- operative period was uneventful with no evidence of tumor recurrence at follow up at 2 years. Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare soft tissue tumor usually arising from lungs but tumor arising from the omental-mesenteric origin has also been documented. The precise diagnosis is made only by the histopathological evidence. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice.
Examination of parametric cycle analysis of a turbofan engine with Python code
Authors: DİŞLİTAŞ Ayşe Nur , ALBAYRAK ÇEPER Bilge
Published: January 2022

In this study, the performance analysis of the engine was carried out according to the parameters determined by parametric cycle analysis in turbofan engines with afterburner and separate exhaust streams. The main purpose of the study is to determine the relationship between engine performance values, design parameters and flight ambient values. For this, the effects of Mach number, compressor pressure ratio and bypass ratio values on specific thrust, fuel-air ratio, specific fuel consumption and engine efficiency were investigated. The open source code PYTHON programming language was used in the study and the results were presented as graphically. Results consistent with the studies in the literature were obtained. According to the results, it was observed that the specific thrust values and the total efficiency values increased with the increase of the Mach number. On the other hand, with the increase of the Mach number, the fuel-air ratio decreased and more fuel consumption was required to provide the required thrust value. In the case of afterburning, as the bypass ratio increases, the specific thrust value and the total efficiency value decrease, whereas the specific fuel consumption of turbofan engines without afterburning increases.
Using alternative energy in aircraft
Authors: GÜNTÜRKÜN Rüştü , ÇINAR Servet
Published: January 2022

In this study, solar powered airplanes and hybrid electric airplanes are examined. Today, with the depletion of fossil fuels and their harmful effects on the environment becoming visible, it has become necessary to use alternative energy more in every field. Solar energy has become one of the most used renewable energy sources as a result of achieving the desired level of performance with the developing technology. As a result, the construction of airplanes flying with solar energy has been accelerated. Battery-powered airplanes have the lowest CO2 emissions and environmental benefits. Continuous improvement of aircraft fuel efficiency plays a crucial role in the work towards the carbon reduction target. Solar powered airplanes produce neither CO2 nor polluting emissions that affect air quality. Their noise generation is much lower than that of aircraft powered by internal combustion engines. Hybrid-electric aircraft are seen as a very effective alternative to conventional short- and medium-range aircraft in the near future. The biggest advantage of solar powered flights, and the main purpose of developing them, is that they depend on a clean form of energy with zero harm to the environment. Solar energy is a clean, free and renewable energy source, which gives it a great advantage over fossil fuels. It is a fact that the use of solar energy, which is an alternative energy, in aircraft is very important in reducing fossil fuels as a result of both a clean nature and reducing aircraft engine noise.
Autonomous solar panel cleaning robot with rubber wheeled and air-absorbing motor
Authors: ÖLMEZ Burak Behlül , ERGEZER Özge , GÜĞÜL Gül Nihal
Published: January 2022

De-dusting of photovoltaic panels enables the panels to produce the targeted power. In this study, an autonomous, water-free, self-energy source contained, air sucking robot which was not encountered in the literature research, was designed and developed. The developed robot can be adapted to each power plant by entering the photovoltaic panel path into the robot.

The developed robot can be controlled by a joy stick or autonomously. Robot supplies own energy demand by the flexible solar panel mounted on it. Robot does not have any cable or water pipe connection, allowing to work flexibly. Rubber wheels allow nonslip omnidirectional rotation. Main effectiveness of the robot is the air vacuum instead of an air spray. Air spray sends dust from one point to another while blowing, whereas in this study dust is sucked from the surface using an air vacuum. Vacuumed dust can be stored in the storage of robot or can be thrown away to ground by a hose. The only essential human interference of the developed robot is amending of micro fiber cloths and emptying the dust if stored. Another advantage of the developed robot is being cost effective.
As a case study, energy analysis application of a hotel business in private sector
Authors: AYDIN Fatih , GÜNAY Fatma Nur
Published: January 2022

In our study, a detailed energy study was carried out in a hotel business, which is a commercial building, energy saving potential was determined, measures that could be taken to increase energy efficiency and reduce energy consumption costs were determined and recommendations were presented. As a result of the measurements of the hot water installation line with the thermal camera, heat losses in the valves and flanges were observed and insulation was recommended. When the investment determined for insulation is made, it is calculated that there will be a decrease of approximately 17% in the annual energy consumption for the water installation. After heating, booster and fire pump motors with efficiency class EFF2 were replaced with IE4 efficiency motors, it is seen there is a 6.9% increase in motor efficiency. As a result of replacing the IE1 class engine used in the cooling system with an IE4 class engine, the engine efficiency is expected to increase by 6.2%. As a result of the replacement of halogen bulbs in the business with LED luminaires, the annual total electricity savings were calculated as approximately 19158.12 kW/year.
Investigation of the combustion and fuel properties of slurry fuels formed by biomass and coal
Authors: KON Okan , CANER İsmail
Published: January 2022

In the study, the combustion and fuel properties of slurry fuels, which are formed by mixing biomass as agricultural waste, sludge swage and algae, and coal as lignite and anthracite in certain proportions, were investigated. The energy properties of new slurry fuels were compared with fossil fuels such as lignite and anthracite, according to the Van Krevelen diagram used. The required stoichiometric air-fuel ratio (SAFR) amount in the burner was calculated during the combustion process. The real fuel-air ratio (RFAR) amount in the burner was determined during the combustion process according to the excess air coefficient (λ) value of 1.5.; as agricultural waste Rice Husks (RH), Corn Cobs (CS), Walnut Shells (WS), Sunflower Shells (SS), Olive Cake (OC), Woodchips (WC) and as other biomass; Brown algae, sewage sludge have been used. As lignite, eight different types with low fuel properties and anthracite, which is the best coal fuel, were used. In the study, the H/C ratio was found to be 1.126 for the mixture of Anthracite + Sewage Sludge + Sunflower Shells (SS) depending on the sewage sludge for the slurry fuels mixture. If it is dependent on Algae, a value of 1.243 was calculated for the mixture of Muğla Ikizköy + Algae + Sunflower Shells (SS). The O/C ratio was found to be 0.242 for Anthracite + Sewage Sludge + Olive Cake (OC) depending on the sewage sludge for the slurry fuels mixture. For Algae, a value of 0.129 was calculated for the mixture of Anthracite + Algae + Olive Cake (OC).
THE INFLUENCE OF HYDROPHOBIC COATING ON THE EFFICIENCY OF FIRE PROTECTION OF TEXTILE MATERIALS
Authors:   Scientific Research Institute for Binders and Materials, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Tsapko Yu. , Bondarenko O. ,   Scientific Research Institute for Binders and Materials, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture, Tsapko А. ,   Scientific Research Institute for Binders and Materials, Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The analysis of fire-retardant materials for fabrics is carried out and it is established that the paucity of data for explanation and description of the process of fire protection, neglect of elastic coatings, leads to ignition of fabric structures under the action of flame. The development of reliable methods for studying the conditions of fire protection of fabrics leads to the creation of new types of fire protective materials. Therefore, it becomes necessary to determine the conditions for the formation of a barrier both for high temperatures and for leaching in the presence of precipitation and to establish a mechanism for inhibition of these processes. In this regard, full-scale tests were carried out and it was found out that when the flame is applied to untreated model samples of tent elements made of canvas fabric, the surface ignites and spreads the flame, which leads to their complete combustion within 105...120 s, instead, the model The fire-resistant sample of tent elements did not catch fire when ignited with a gasoline-based substance, and the flame did not spread. In this case, the final combustion was recorded for 3 c and the swelling of the protective coating reached 3...5 mm, and the surface was charred on an area of about 80% from the inside. When tested for fire retardant efficiency for a fire-resistant sample treated with a water repellent (5 % solution of GDJ-94), a decrease in efficiency and carbonization of the material was recorded, which amounted to 100%, and for a fire-resistant sample treated with a water repellent (5 % solution), a decrease in efficiency was recorded due to the combustion of paraffin and local burnout of the material, and carbonization was 100 %. Obviously, such a mechanism of influence of the fire-retardant coating is the factor regulating the process, which preserves the integrity of the object. Thus, there is reason to argue about the possibility of targeted regulation of the processes of fire protection of the fabric by applying coatings capable of forming a protective layer on the surface of the material, which inhibits the rate of heat penetration.
BOILER PLANTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION FROM INDUSTRY HARMFUL EFFECTS
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Voinov O.P. , Elkin Yu.G. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: January 2022

Abstract. At present, environmental problems have become aggravated. The production process has a negative impact on the natural environment. It accumulates these harmful secondary effects. The degree of their harmful effects is increasing rapidly. The natural environment, taking into account its self-healing, undergoes dangerous, irreversible changes in its state. Now it is possible to talk only about slowing down this process. The ability to slow down and then stop the increase in the harmful impact on the natural environment is the essence of the nature conservation activities of humanity. It is necessary to move from a strategy of using the natural environment to a strategy of parity interaction with it. The problem was discussed at the Kyoto and Paris conferences of global importance. Among the branches of production, the most dangerous for the natural environment is energy. Its harmful effect is complex. Defending against it is a complex environmental issue. The adopted energy saving program actively contributes to solving the problem of saving the natural environment from degradation and death. The most environmentally aggressive element of power plants is solid fuel boiler plants. Reducing the intensity of their impact is the main direction of activities to protect the natural environment. The most difficult technical object is considered the power unit of a large thermal power plant. The most difficult part is the boiler plant. The most difficult element is the steam boiler. The level of environmental friendliness of the boiler is highly dependent on the degree of its wear. The problem of updating the fleet of boilers is of current importance. The general line of improving the environmental friendliness of production should be considered an increase in the level of environmental friendliness of power plants, especially those using fossil fuels, and a decrease in their emissions of carbon dioxide and heat. It is necessary to improve boiler installations, to increase their efficiency level, and the quality of their management. It is important to ensure the modernization of worn-out boiler installations based on their complete or partial renewal. In the formation of the power engineering of the future, the socio-psychological position of humanity must be radically changed.
LOAD-BEARING CAPACITY ANALYSIS FOR STRUCTURAL COLD-FORMED MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO CENTRAL COMPRESSION
Authors:   NPO «SCAD Soft», Perelmuter А.V. , Yurchenko V.V. ,   Kyiv National University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The main purpose of the research was a deep analysis and verification of the consistency and completeness of the design code relating to calculation of load-bearing structural members made from cold-formed profiles. The work has been done in close connection with the implementation on the territory of Ukraine of this design code. The article has discussed and investigated the load-bearing capacity of structural members made of cold-formed profiles subjected to the action of central compression. A system of constraints has been presented, in which the strength and buckling constraints for thin-walled cold-formed column members are formulated, taking into account their possible post-buckling behavior, namely, the ability to resist external loads and effects even after the occurrence of the local buckling and/or distortional buckling phenomenon. The performed load-bearing capacity investigation has shown that for the mono-symmetric cold-formed profiles, the flexural-torsional buckling is determinative. For such cold-formed profiles, the effect of the overall dimensions ratio (flange width to web height) on the load-bearing capacity of cold-formed profiles has been estimated. It has been shown that for the same cross-sectional area the load-bearing capacity of a column structural member made from cold-formed profile and subjected to axial compression can be significantly increased by assigning an optimal ratio of flange width to web height. The paper also has presented the results of the load-bearing capacities for the structural cold-formed members subjected to central compression, calculated according to the design standard DSTU-N B EN 1993-1-3: 2012 and according to the design code DBN V.2.6-198: 2014. It has been shown that in some cases the difference in the assessment of the load-bearing capacity for such structural cold-formed members reached 25%. A comparison of the load-bearing capacities for the action of the central compression has been made for structural cold-formed members made from a C-shaped profile and with a composite section of two C-shaped profiles. It has been shown that the load-bearing capacity of the structural cold-formed member of the composite section exceeds the load-bearing capacity of the member with single C-shaped profile by more than 3 times, while cross-section areas of these structural members differ only doubly.
NUMERICAL MODELING OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF SNOW LOAD ON A HYPERBOLIC PARABOLOID. THEORETICAL BASIS
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Surianinov M.G. , Jgalli S. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, El Alaoui Douaa Al Echcheikh ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The paper discusses the choice of a method for studying the distribution of snow loads on a biconcave roof of a hyperbolic paraboloid and its theoretical justification. It is noted that the numerical modeling of the aerodynamic characteristics of buildings and structures is a difficult and resource-intensive task due to the design features of building objects, which, as a rule, have a complex geometric shape, as well as due to a complex unsteady flow resulting from their flow around them. In addition, the task becomes more complicated due to the interference of vortex structures between different objects. Overcoming these objective difficulties became possible with the advent of modern specialized software systems, primarily ANSYS Fluent. Opportunities have appeared for accurate modeling with verification of the results obtained, which implies the use of an effective, well-tested mathematical apparatus. To implement the theory of two-phase flow, two methods based on numerical modeling are mainly used: the Euler-Lagrange method and the Euler-Euler method. The second method is used in the work. Comparative analysis, which investigates two-phase flow around different structures using different turbulence models (including RSM model, SST k-ω model, k-ε model and k-kl-ω model), shows that the k-kl-ω model is the best fit with experiment. ANSYS Fluent supports four multiphase models, i.e. VOF model, Mixture model, Wet Steam and Euler model. Compared to the other three models, the Mixture model provides better stability and lower computational costs, while the Euler model provides better accuracy, but at a higher computational cost . With a rather complex geometry and flow conditions, the use of the RANS approach does not lead to reliable simulation results. Moreover, unsteady turbulent flows cannot be reproduced. In real situations, landslides, saltations, and the suspended state of snow particles are closely related to the real effects of microbursts and bursts present at the surface of the boundary layer. Therefore, in further research, it is advisable to apply alternative approaches to RANS, which include Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), Large Eddy Simulation (LES), and the hybrid RANS-LES approach to turbulence modeling, which combine efficiency LES techniques in tear-off free zones and the cost-effectiveness of RANS in near-wall areas.
DEFORMABILITY AND CRACK RESISTANCE OF AIRFIELD SLABS
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Surianinov M.G. , Neutov S.P. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Korneeva I.B. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The results of experimental studies of deformability and crack resistance of models of airfield slabs made of reinforced concrete and steel fiber concrete are presented. Two series of plates were tested ‒ three models of reinforced concrete and three models with steel fiber added to the concrete mixture in amount of 1% of the total volume of the product. The load was applied in small steps, the instrument readings were recorded twice at each step, and the crack opening width was measured starting from the moment of the first crack formation. Dial gauges and deflectometers were used as measuring instruments. According to the normative documents acting in Ukraine, one of two possible loading schemes was considered ‒ with the loading by the concentrated force applied on the cantilever part of a plate. The plate models were tested on a specially made stand which consisted of four supporting struts connected in pairs by beams. The airfield slab was supported by the beams. The load was applied along the width of the plate in steps ‒ 0.05 of the destructive load, along two concentrated vertical strips. Each degree of load ended with a five-minute dwell time, at the beginning and end of which readings were taken on the measuring instruments. The deformations at the same levels were measured with dial gauges. The process of crack formation was observed with a Brinell tube in the places of the greatest crack opening. It follows from the obtained results that the process of cracking in the fiber concrete slab begins at higher loads than in the reinforced concrete slab. The final and initial crack opening widths of all cracks in the fiber concrete slab are significantly lower than in the reinforced concrete slab. The deformations in steel-fiber concrete slabs during the application of load in the cantilever part, both for compressed and stretched fibers are higher than in reinforced concrete slabs. At the initial stages of load application in the cantilevered part of the slabs, the deflections increase in a linear relationship. The curves get non-linear character for airfield slabs made of reinforced concrete when the load reaches the level of 10÷25 kN, for steel-fiber-concrete slabs ‒ 15÷30 kN. In reinforced concrete slabs, the non-linearity starts a little earlier and is expressed more clearly. Experimental studies show that dispersed reinforcement of airfield slabs with steel fiber leads to their higher crack resistance.
STRUCTURE FORMATION OF DISPERSED-REINFORCED BUILDING COMPOSITES
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Dovgan A.D. , Vyrovoy V.М. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The results of the study of the mechanism of structure formation of cement compositions reinforced with finely dispersed monofilament are presented in the article. The mechanism of microstructure organization of construction composites was studied on models of dispersed systems, with different qualitative and quantitative composition of linear and dispersed particles. At the same time, restrictions had been placed on particle size – fiber diameter and diameter of dispersed particles are proportional to each other. Study of cracking formation kinetics was carried out on disk-shaped samples made of water-clay and water-cement compositions. Physical and mechanical characteristics of dispersed-reinforced cement stone, including non-reinforced stone, have been defined on prisms-shaped samples of square section with size 40×40×160 mm. The analysis of physical models showed that cluster structures filling with particles of various nature and shape increases structural diversity of entire dispersed system. An inserting of linear particles changes nature of system structure formation. Depending on the characteristics, structural components of the system, substructures are formed, which differ in the periods of their formation and geometric parameters. It has been established that dispersed particles of different nature are structured in different ways into clusters with discrete fibers of different length. Linear particles were more active in the creation of structural aggregates (clusters) comparing to dispersed grains. The impact of highly dispersed fibers on the structure organization of the binder compositions was quantified by the damage coefficient determined on samples of different types. The presence of discrete fibers in the composition of the material leads to modify the qualitative characteristic of compositions cracking formation. Improvement of physical and mechanical properties of the dispersed-reinforced composite confirms the ability of the fiber to change a mechanism of material destruction due to a probable deposition of hydration products on monofilaments, to densify and strengthen the interfacial transitional zone.
ANALYSIS OF THERMAL EFFECTS WITH MULTI-FOCI STRUCTURING
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kolesnikov A.V. , Semenova S.V. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Vyrovoy V.N. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kersh V.Ya. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The possibility of a thermal imaging technique for studying the setting of composite materials in the light of the paradigm of multifocal structure formation is analyzed. Since thermal violated observations are characterized by a high thermal sensitivity to temperature gradients up to hundredths of degrees, they make it possible to distinguish the temperature differences arising in the adjacent sections of the hardening binding. A technique for obtaining thermal images (thermograms) of a hardening composite binder is implemented. A series of thermograms of setting processes was obtained, for two of them a quantitative study was carried out, including the temperature gauge and the construction of several types of graphic mappings of the obtained patterns ‒ the normalized frequency of the distribution of the area of the binder for those temperatures and two types of densitograms ‒ radial and circular, allowing to visualize the structure of thermal foci arising in a binder. The hardening of binding materials is considered as a multistage exothermic process, in which hydration processes is accompanied by heating. The speed of heterogeneous processes associated with hydration depends, in turn, on the characteristics of the forming structure of binding materials. The observed thermal processes are considered as an indirect response, "shadow" of structure formation processes. The information consisting in this indirect response, however, is enough to make a number of conclusions on the nature of the emerging structure. The study revealed a high probability of the formation of foci near the macroscopic boundaries of the section (walls and bottom of the form), inconsistency of the structural processes, the occurrence of diverse foci of structure formation corresponding to temperature foci. The interpretation of the data obtained is the conclusion about formation of the regions of high plastic deformations near the boundaries of the contact of the foci. This regions are considered as a cluster of microscopic boundaries of the section, cracks and pores, which give rise to the structure of the destruction of the hardened material. The emergence of such areas is associated with nonynchronouspassage of structuring in different parts of the binder.
PELATIHAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DARING GUNA MENUNJANG PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Darmayanti Irma , Subarkah Pungkas , Anuggilarso Luki Rafi , Suhaman Jali
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAKPandemi covid-19 yang tidak kunjung berakhir dan terus  di perpanjangnya kebijakan PPKM membuat kegiatan belajar mengajar masih belum bisa dilaksanakan secara tatap muka meski telah memasuki tahun ajaran baru. Untuk itu adanya kegiatan Amikom Mitra Masyarakat, tim kami melakukan pelatihan penggunaan media pembelajaran daring kepada masyarakat luas khususnya orangtua dengan tujuan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran orangtua akan pentingnya peran orangtua dalam mengoptimalkan kualitas proses belajar daring. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan Participatory Action Research (PAR), dimana tim melakukan observasi guna mengidentifikasi permasalahan dan peluang mitra dampingan pada awal tahun 2021 yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pelaksanaan kegiatan yang dilakukan secara daring diawal tahun ajaran baru dan terakhir melakukan evaluasi hasil kegiatan. Kegiatan pelatihan diikuti 59 peserta selama berlangsungya kegiatan sangat antusias sampai selesai pelatihan ini. Sebanyak 74,58% peserta dapat memahami penggunaan media pembelajaran daring dari hasil pelatihan tersebut. Kata kunci: media pembelajaran; daring; pandemi; peran orang tua. ABSTRACTThe ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the continued extension of the PPKM policy have made teaching and learning activities unable to be carried out face-to-face even though it has entered the new school year. For this reason, with the Amikom Mitra Masyarakat activity, our team conducts training on the use of online learning media to the wider community, especially parents, with the aim of increasing parental awareness of the importance of parents' role in optimizing the quality of the online learning process. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR), where the team conducts observations to identify problems and opportunities of assisted partners in early 2021, which is then followed by the implementation of activities carried out online at the beginning of the new school year and finally evaluates the results of activities. The training activity was attended by 59 participants during the activity very enthusiastically until the completion of this training. A total of 74.58% of participants were able to understand the use of online learning media from the results of the training. Keywords: learning media;online; pandemic; the role of parents.
PENDAMPINGAN PENINGKATAN KEPEMIMPINAN DAN PUBLIC SPEAKING ORANG MUDA AMC PU’URERE ENDE
Authors: Djou Ana Maria Gadi , Wao Yosephina Payu , Meke Konstantinus Denny Pareira , Hutubessy Josina Irene Brigetha
Published: January 2022

ABSTRAKSetiap Individu, khususnya orang muda dituntut untuk mampu berkomunikasi dengan baik dan mampu memiliki jiwa leadership guna membangun kehidupannya baik secara pribadi, maupun dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat. Jiwa kepemimpinan dan kemampuan seseorang dalam berbicara merupakan bagian dari komunikasi yang efektif, yaitu mampu merangkul dan merumuskan keputusan untuk mencapai musyawarah yang baik, serta menyampaikan pesan kepada khalayak dengan cara yang tepat dan menarik perhatian. Namun pada kenyataannya, pada Orang Muda yang tergabung dalam komunitas AMC Pu’urere Ende masih belum maksimal dalam memimpin suatu kegiatan serta berbicara didepan umum. Hal ini mendorong tim untuk melakukan pelatihan dan pendampingan kepemimpinan dan public speaking pada Komunitas orang muda di AMC Pu’urere Ende. Tujuan dari program ini adalah untuk membantu orang muda sehingga dapat meningkatkan jiwa kepemimpinan dan rasa percaya diri saat berbicara. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah ceramah, dialog aktif, diskusi dan rencana tindak lanjut yang digunakan sebagai kegaiatn inti yang ingin dicapai dalam pengabdian ini. Hasil yang didapat dari program ini adalah mampunya Orang Muda AMC Pu’urere dalam mempimpin kegiatan, dari tahap persiapan hingga pelaksanaan, dapat menyusun agenda program tertentu dengan baik dan benar sesuai dengan kebutuhannya, serta memiliki kemampuan public speaking yang memadai. Kata kunci: orang muda; kepemimpinan; public speaking. ABSTRACTEvery individual, especially youth people, are required to be able to communicate well and be able to have a leadership spirit, to build his life both personally and in social life. Leadership spirit and one's ability to speak are part of effective communication, namely being able to embrace and formulate decisions to achieve good deliberation, as well as convey messages to audiences in an appropriate and attention-grabbing manner. But in reality, youth who are members of the AMC Pu’urere Ende community are still not optimal in leading activity and speaking in public. This encourages the team to conduct training and mentoring in leadership and public speaking for the youth community at AMC Pu’urere Ende. This program aims to help youth people to improve their leadership spirit and self-confidence when speaking. The methods used in this service activity are lectures, active dialogue, discussions and follow-up plans which are used as the core activities to be achieved in this service. The results obtained from this program are the ability of AMC Pu’urere Youth People in leading activities, from the preparation stage to implementation, being able to arrange certain program agendas properly and correctly according to their needs and having adequate public speaking skills. Keywords: youth people; leadership; public speaking.