bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nueva realidad: compras en línea y a domicilio
Authors: Reyes Rivera Andrea Jenniffer , Vallejos Cango María de Lourdes , Quintana García Daniel Alonso
Published: October 2020

A propósito de los temas coyunturales a nivel mundial, se ha visto un aumento en el uso de las plataformas digitales en todos los sectores, desde el educativo, comercial o gubernamental, ya sea para realizar una videoconferencia o para hacer una compra o venta de un producto. Este trabajo investigativo describe la creación y funcionamiento de una aplicación que satisfaga estas necesidades actuales del mercado, y a futuro podría competir con aquellas de nivel extranjero. Como resultado del desarrollo se pone a disposición un pool de productos que podrán ser ingresados en un carrito de compras y posterior a su confirmación, localizar la dirección del cliente para su entrega a domicilio, esto debido a las medidas de emergencias por consecuencia del COVID-19, además de ser de mayor comodidad para el usuario.
Analysis of Effect of Temperature on the Decay of Vitamin – C in Fruit Juices
Authors: Moorthy Raghu Krishna
Published: October 2020

Fruits and vegetables have long been considered as good sources of Vitamin C. But there is considerable decay in their Vitamin C content with time in proportion to the temperature they are stored at, which largely reduces their nutritional value. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of temperature on the decay of vitamin C content with passage of time. The samples considered for this study were orange juice, tomato juice and grapes juice. The content of vitamin C in these samples was determined by titration method with iodine solution. These samples were tested for vitamin C content individually in three temperature environments (hot, cold and room temperature). The results show that, initially, the vitamin C content was highest for tomato juice at 87.96 mg/100 ml and lowest for grape juice at 69.975 mg/100 ml with the intermediate being orange juice at 76.47 mg/100 ml. Finally, after four days of storage in certain temperature environments such as hot, cold and room temperature, the highest vitamin C content retained was found in orange juice at 49.48 mg/100 ml, 62.979 mg/100 ml and 62.97 mg/100 ml respectively. Therefore, from the evaluation of average percentage of decay of vitamin C per day for the individual samples, it has been found out that the hot environment provides the conditions for fast decay of vitamin C content and cold environment provides the conditions for slow decay of vitamin C content.. This analysis verifies the fact that vitamin C is an easily oxidizable and unstable compound at higher temperature conditions.
Pengetahuan dan Sikap Mahasiswi Semester III tentang Pola Konsumsi Gizi Seimbang
Authors: Darmiyanti Ni Made , Firdawati Desak Putu Erna
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengetahuan dan sikap mahasiswi semester III tentang pola konsumsi gizi seimbang di Akademi Kebidanan Kartini Bali. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Cara pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah simple random sampling dengan populasi seluruh mahasiswi semester III di Akademi Kebidanan Kartini Bali yang berjumlah 126 mahasiswi, Pengolahan data menggunakan tabulasi data dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 32 mahasiswi pada tanggal 1 Pebruari 2016. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan mahasiswi semester III tentang pola konsumsi gizi seimbang sebagian besar yaitu 22 responden (68,75%) memiliki pengetahuan baik, hampir setengahnya yaitu 10 responden ( 31,25%) memiliki pengetahauan cukup. Sedangkan sikap mahasiswi semester III tentang pola konsumsi gizi seimbang hampir seluruhnya yaitu 26 responden (81,25%) memiliki sikap positif, dan sebagian kecil yaitu 6 responden (18,75%) memiliki sikap negatif.
TO FIND OUT THE STATUS OF VITAMIN D, HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN & TRIGLYCERIDES (TG) IN PATIENT OF TYPE 2 DM
Authors: Shukla Ashish , Sirohi Richa
Published: October 2020

Vitamin D Deficiency Is Consider To Be one Of The Immersing Health issues due To Lack Of Sun Exposure And Other Life Style Moderation, Various Research Studies Have Proposed it’s extra skeletal role in maintaining Cardiovascular profile and promote insulin activity.
AIM: To Find Out the status of Vitamin D, HDL,TG and blood glucose level In patient of TYPE 2 DM
MATERIAL & METHOD: Our Hospital Based observational Study Was Conducted on 100 subjects.
RESULT: Significant variation found in levels of vitamin D and lipid profile parameters in patients of type 2 DM.
Conclusion: A randomized control study with a large population size will be better in consolidating the role of vitamin D in cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
Fair Pricing In Heterogeneous Internet of Things Wireless Access Networks Using Crowdsourcing
Authors: haghighatdoost vahid , khorsandi siavash , ahmadi hamed
Published: October 2020

Our original work on hetnet pricing
Castigo penal, injusticia social y autoridad moral
Authors: Rivera López Eduardo
Published: October 2020

La pregunta que exploro en este trabajo es si la injusticia social puede socavar la autoridad moral de la sociedad (y los tribunales) para castigar al que delinque. La respuesta a esta pregunta depende esencialmente de cuál sea la teoría justificatoria del castigo penal de la que se parte. Analizo diversas teorías de la pena, entre ellas la teoría consensual de Carlos Nino. Mi objetivo es explorar de qué modo las diferentes teorías de la pena enfrentan el desafío que plantea la pregunta y extraer algunas conclusiones tentativas de ese recorrido.
Democracia, derechos y control judicial
Authors: Maurino Gustavo
Published: October 2020

El artículo analiza la justificación deliberativa de la revisión judicial a partir los originales aportes de la obra de Carlos Nino. Propone que el deliberativismo solo puede defender consistentemente un rol para la revisión judicial si esta se orienta radicalmente a las condiciones justificatorias y deliberativas de las decisiones, prácticas y políticas públicas, y no a la evaluación sustantiva de su consistencia con los derechos fundamentales, incluso los que sean considerados precondiciones democráticas. Argumenta que la versión más difundida de las tesis de Carlos Nino caía en una inconsistencia –al tratar de preservar un ámbito sustantivo para la revisión judicial relacionado con los derechos a priori– y reconstruye una versión alternativa y menos conocida, articulada en uno de sus últimos libros, en la que la revisión judicial es articulada en clave radicalmente procedimental-justificatoria.
Pedagogía de la alteridad: entre la educación como práctica social y el ejercicio intelectual
Authors: Varón Arciniegas Viviana , Martínez Urbano Solangie , León Nieto Yulieth Paola , Barón-Velandia Benjamín
Published: October 2020

El artículo devela el proceso educativo, los protocolos y métodos de educación contemplados en la formación en Nicolás, un estudiante que por su condición de vida no puede asistir regularmente al colegio, para reconocer la aplicabilidad de la pedagogía de la alteridad. Para lograr dicho propósito se fundamenta teóricamente en: Pedagogía de la Alteridad, Pedagogía Praxeológica, Investigación biográfico-narrativa y Condición de vida. El diseño metodológico que permitió la comprensión y lectura de la realidad giró en torno a la investigación cualitativa, con enfoque mixto entre la pedagogía praxeológica, la investigación biográfico-narrativa y materializándolo en un estudio de caso, lo que le permitió hacer latentes las voces de quienes viven el fenómeno educativo y configurar las conclusiones desde las voces de los actores (docentes y estudiantes). Las conclusiones, como ya se había comentado, por un lado, emergen desde las voces de los actores, quienes reclaman participación en la construcción de maneras alternativas de hacer procesos pedagógicos y, por otro lado, de la lectura de las estadísticas y que posibilitan un nivel de percepción para acercarnos a la realidad de las personas que viven estas condiciones de vida particular.
Treatment Peculiarity of the Chronic Trophic Ulcers
with Different Pathogenic Mechanism
Authors: Melekhovets Oksana K. , Kharchenko Tetyana O. , Orlovskiy Victor F. , Melekhovets Iuirii V. , Radko Alevtina S. , Kalashnyk Nataliia V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Trophic ulcers of the lower extremities are an unresolved problem of modern medicine. The treatment of this pathology requires new methods that optimize care regimens and improve patients’ quality of life.
Aim: The study to improve efficacy of treatment of the patients with trophic ulcers of the lower limbs with consideration to pathogenesis.
M
aterials and Methods: The study included 32 patients with chronic venous disease C6 (1st group) and 31 with diabetes mellitus type 2, moderate severity, compensation stage with diabetic foot syndrome II stage according to Wagner’s classification (2nd group). In addition to basic therapy in both groups photodynamic therapy was added at the first stage of the study, and at the second stage plasma rich in growth factors was prescribed.
Results: At baseline evaluating of the chronic venous disease demonstrates that a total score in patient of the 1st group was 20,9 points on a modified VCSS scale; after two weeks – 15,71 points (improvement by 24.83%), and 6 weeks after–9,72 points (improvement by 53.49%). In patients with DM (2nd group) at the baseline a total score average was 13,91 points according to S(AD)SAD-1 scale; after 2 weeks – 12,29 (improvement by 11,65%), after 6 weeks – 6,39 points (improvement by 54,06%).
Conclusions: The inclusion of photodynamic therapy and plasmatherapy in complex therapy in both groups led to a significant improvement of the healing process and helps to reduce the depth and area of the wound surface. However, the wound healing in patients in group 2 was slower.
The Effect of the Aqueous Suspension of Chlorella Vulgaris
on Functional Systems in Healthy People
Authors: Plakida Alexander , Yushkovskaya Olga , Filonenko Alyona , Gushcha Sergey
Published: October 2020

Introduction: There is a growing interest in biologically active food additives based on natural, environmentally friendly components. One of the most promising products in this area are biological additives created using the green freshwater alga Chlorella. Due to the high content of biologically active substances in it, the possibility of its use in preventive and therapeutic purposes was being considered.
Aim: The aim of the study was to study the effect of the course of taking an aqueous suspension of a living culture of chlorella (Chlorella vulgaris) on the organism of healthy people.
Material and Methods: The study involved 30 clinically healthy people, aged 17 to 66 years, 10 men and 20 women. The subjects took an aqueous suspension of live chlorella of Chlorella vulgaris strain IGF No. C-111 at a concentration of 19-34 million cells/ml, in an amount of 500 ml per day. The course of administration was 28 days. Before and after completion of the course, the following studies were carried out: anthropometry, a study of body composition, a study of physical performance (PWC170 test), a general blood test, and a biochemical blood test.
Results: At the end of the course of administration, the vast majority of the subjects noted improvement in well-being. An increase in the hemodynamic efficiency of physical activity was recorded as well as increasing the immune properties of blood. No changes in lipid metabolism were observed.
Value of Lumbar Lordosis and Back Pain in the Female Population Over 50 Years of Age
Authors: Wójcik Gustaw , Rutkowska Elżbieta , Mysula Ihor , Szepeluk Adam
Published: October 2020

Introduction: In highly developed societies, back pain is a fairly common phenomenon, and its causes are usually multifactorial. Backaches can be caused by improper body posture, anatomical conditions, overloads, inflammation and many other factors. Changes in the shape of the spine in the sagittal plane, such as shallowing or deepening physiological curves translate into a change in the distribution of forces acting on individual parts of the spine, overloading the axial organ of movement.
Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the individual variants of lordosis (hypolordosis, hyperlordosis, norm) and pain experienced by women in the area of the lumbosacral spine (L/S).
Material and Methods: The study group was a population of women over 50 (n = 277), divided into three subgroups, i.e. women with: normal, shallow and deepened lordosis, evaluated in the sagittal view in computed tomography imaging studies.
Results: Deepened lordosis is associated with the highest BMI = 27.30 but a rather low average pain value (VAS = 4.60), which approximately corresponded to the severity of the discomfort in the group of women with normal lumbar lordosis. Shallow lordosis correlates with a lower BMI = 26.60 and the highest level of pain (VAS = 6.67). When the lordosis angle was normal, the pain was the lowest.
Conclusions: The size of the lordosis angle may be a predictor of the occurrence of pain. A larger lumbar lordosis angle correlates with a higher body weight but pain in this group of women occurs with similar intensity as in the group of women with a normal lumbar lordosis angle.The research results indicate a strong correlation (p <0.0229) between shallow lordosis and the severity of pain experienced by the examined women, which should be taken into account when planning treatment.
Adult Acquired Flatfoot
Authors: Mataczyński Krzysztof , Pelc Mateusz , Zięba Halina Romualda , Hudakova Zuzana
Published: October 2020

Acquired adult flatfoot is a three-dimensional deformation, which consists of hindfoot valgus, collapse of the longitudinal arch of the foot and adduction of the forefoot.
The aim of the work is to present problems related to etiology, biomechanics, clinical diagnostics and treatment principles of acquired flatfoot.
The most common cause in adults is the dysfunction of the tibialis posterior muscle, leading to the lack of blocking of the transverse tarsal joint during heel elevation. Loading the unblocked joints consequently leads to ligament failure. The clinical image is dominated by pain in the foot and tibiotarsal joint.
The physical examination of the flat feet consists of: inspection, palpation, motion range assessment and dynamic force assessment. The comparable attention should be paid to the height of the foot arch, the occurrence of “too many toes” sign, evaluate the heel- rise test and correction of the flatfoot, exclude Achilles tendon contracture. The diagnosis also uses imaging tests.
In elastic deformations with symptoms of posterior tibial tendonitis, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, short-term immobilization, orthotics stabilizing the medial arch of the foot are used. In rehabilitation, active exercises of the shin muscles and the feet, especially the eccentric exercises of the posterior tibial muscle, are intentional.
The physiotherapy and balneotherapy treatments, in particular hydrotherapy, electrotherapy and laser therapy, are used as a support. In advanced lesions, surgical treatment may be necessary, including plastic surgery of soft tissues, tendons, as well as osteotomy procedures.
Effects of Treatment at a Medical Resort on the Quality of Life
in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kuliński Włodzisław , Dryja Aleksandra
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue that damages articular and periarticular tissue and leads to the development of permanent deformities and disability.
Aim: To assess the quality of life of rheumatoid arthritis patients after treatment at a medical resort.
M
aterial and Methods: The study assessed 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated at a medical hospital in Busko-Zdrój. The study group consisted of 18 women and 12 men over the age of 50 years. The patients underwent sulphide/hydrogen sulphide baths and physical therapy procedures. The data collected in the study was statistically analysed using Excel; calculations were performed with the SPSS Statistica 21.0 software. A chi-squared test was used to assess statistical correlations between variables.
Results: After spa hospital treatment, all patients reported reduced pain, improved well-being, reduced duration of morning joint stiffness, and improved independence; the pain-free walking distance markedly increased. The treatment had a beneficial influence on the quality of life of study patients.
Conclusions: 1. Rheumatoid arthritis is a difficult clinical and social problem. 2. The balneotherapy and physical therapy used in the study reduced the duration of morning joint stiffness and pain experienced by the patients. 3. The balneotherapy and physical therapy used in the study had a positive effect on the ability to ambulate, increasing the pain-free walking distance, and improving the quality of life.
Medical Resort Treatment Extended with Modern Feedback Exercises Using Virtual Reality Improve Postural Control
in Breast Cancer Survivors. Preliminary Study
Authors: Piejko Laura , Niewolak Kamila , Fielek Dariusz , Pecyna Paula , Chełminiak Dariusz , Zieliński Paweł , Kobylarz Karol , Grzmilas Mateusz , Cygoń Krzysztof , Stanisławski Piotr , Kręcichwiost Michał , Polak Anna
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Women with breast cancer have an increasing chance of survival for many years. Multimodal, extremely effective but also aggressive treatment, often leads to disorders of neuromuscular excitability and physical fitness of the patients. Therefore, when planning the physiotherapy process of women treated for breast cancer, one should look for the most effective methods of improvement with broad neurostimulatory and neuromodulatory effects. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the possibilities of using virtual reality exercises in therapy.
Aim: The study was to understand the impact of medical resort treatment extended with modern feedback exercises using virtual reality to improve postural control in breast cancer survivors.
M
aterial and Methods: A clinical, pilot, non-controlled study was conducted at the Solanki Medical Resort in Inowroclaw. 46 women aged 36 to 63 completed the study (mean 51.67 ± 6.62 years). The patients participated in spa therapy for 3 weeks. For basic medical treatment, to improve postural control, physical exercises using feedback based on virtual reality were introduced. Postural control tests performed on the stabilometric platform were used to assess the progress of therapy.
Results: In the assessment of dynamic postural control, the length of the center of foot pressure (COP) movement path before the treatment was on average 278.28 cm (± 147.13) and after treatment shortened to 209.60 cm (± 86.49) which was statistically significant (p = 0.0083). In the assessment of static postural control, no statistically significant differences were found between the length of the COP pathway before treatment compared to the condition before treatment (p> 0.05).
Conclusions: Medical treatment enriched with physical exercises using feedback based on virtual reality did not affect static postural control but contributed to the improvement of dynamic postural control. The results of the study should be confirmed in high-quality therapeutic experiments, including control groups.
Balneotherapy and Physiotherapy in Chronic Pain Syndrome
of the Lumbosacral Spine. Review of the literature
Authors: Zduńska Anna , Zduński Sebastian , Nowicka Katarzyna , Rudnicka Agnieszka
Published: October 2020

Back pain is a common disease and although it can be located in any of its cervical, thoracic and lumbosacral sections, however the vast majority of patients complain of lumbosacral pain. Back pain syndromes has become a challenge for modern rehabilitation, both in the issue of the prevention as well as therapy. A major problem for people with back pain is progressive disability, and thus a deterioration in the quality of life. Despite many treatment methods and health care resources devoted to back pain, disability and burden are increasing. An important place in the therapy of back pain syndromes is occupied by physical methods and health resort treatment.
The work presents the use of balneotherapy and physiotherapy in the most common back pain syndromes, i.e. in chronic diseases of the intervertebral discs and degenerative changes of the lumbosacral spine.
THE APPLICAT ION OF HEMOPERFUSION WITH PERITON ITIS
IN CHILDREN: CORRECTION OF GAS CO MPOSITION
AND AC ID-BASE BALANCE OF THE BLOOD
Authors: Yackubtsevich Ruslan , Serhiyenka Uladzimir , Khmialenka Alexander , Yackubtsevich Rusla , Ładny Jerzy Robert , Nadolny Klaudiusz
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The gas composition and acid-base balance of blood play a main role in assessing the patient in critical
condition. Estimating the dynamics of acid-base balance, one can judge the severity of pathology and the adequacy of
therapeutic measures.
The aim: to determine the effect of hemoperfusion on the gas composition and acid-base balance of blood in children
with severe forms of peritonitis.
Material and methods: The study was performed on the basis of a prospective analysis of acid-base balance of blood
and blood gas composition of 30 patients in the early postoperative period with severe forms of peritonitis, who were
treated in the Department of anesthesiology and intensive care of the Grodno regional children’s clinical hospital. This
study was conducted in accordance with the standards of bioethics, was approved by the ethical Committee of the institution
and complies with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.
Results and conclusions: This article describes the methodology of hemoperfusion in children, analyzed the dynamics
of changes in the basic parameters of acid-base balance and blood gas composition in the early postoperative period
with severe forms of peritonitis during hemoperfusion. The positive dynamics of laboratory data obtained as a result
of the study proves the high effectiveness of the use of antiproteinase biospecific hemosorbent. The use of biospecific
hemoperfusion as an additional method in the complex therapy of peritonitis gives a real opportunity to improve the
results of treatment of this category of patients.
ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICA L ACT IVITY OF MEMBERS OF THE
HELICO PTER EMERGENCY MEDICA L SERVICE (HEMS)
Authors: Gaździńska Agata , Jagielski Paweł , Gałązkowski Robert
Published: October 2020

The aim: Assessment of physical activity of members of the Helicopter Emergency Medical Service.
Material and methods: The study was conducted in a group of 131 people (65 paramedics, 66 pilots), members of
HEMS teams from all bases in Poland, aged 27-59. The characteristics of physical activity was obtained using the author’s
questionnaire.
Results: The mean age of the study population was 42.73 ± 9.58 years. Pilots were significantly older than paramedics
and had significantly higher BMI values (p < 0.05). No significant relationship between the age and BMI in the
analyzed groups was found (p > 0.05), while the relationship between the frequency of physical activity and BMI was
demonstrated. 70% of subjects undertook physical activity less than three times a week. The most frequently chosen
forms were cycling, walking and swimming. Paramedics statistically significant more often than pilots chose wall climbing
(p = 0.001). Downhill skiing (61%) was the most common declared winter sport played by pilots, while hiking in
the mountains – by paramedics (49%). The most important reason for pilots to take up physical activity was concern
for their health (47%), while for paramedics – the pleasure (63%). Paramedics statistically significant more often than
pilots indicated a large number of other activities (90.6 vs. 74.2%) and financial issues (18.8 vs. 6.1%) as barriers that
prevented more involvement in physical activities.
Conclusions: The frequency of physical activity undertaken by HEMS members is insufficient. Low physical activity of
HEMS team members has an adverse effect on their nutritional status. It is necessary to take initiatives to promote physical
activity in this professional group.
CHANGES IN THE VISITS TO EMERGENCY DEPART MENT
OF NON-INFECT IOUS HOSPITA L DURING THE EARLY COV ID-19
STATE OF EPIDEMIC
Authors: Chourasia Goutam , Sycz Wiesław Krzysztof , Wolniakowski Igor , Dudek Krzysztof , Porębska Barbara , Moczarska Jarka , Budrewicz Kataryna , Wizowska Joanna , Nadolny Klaudiusz , Sokołowski Janusz , Zyśko Dorota
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The epidemiology of Emergency Department (ED) visits provides important data regarding demand
for the medical resources.
The aim: To present changes in the visits to ED of University Hospital during the early stage of Covid-19 state of
epidemic.
Matrial and Methods: All ED visits during the 3 periods each lasting one weeks in 2018, 2019, and 2020 respectively
were analysed. The data related to patients ’visits in the emergency department were gathered.
Results: The percentage of patients admitted between 23-29.03 in 2020 year was 23.7% of the study group and
constituted a significantly lower percentage than those admitted in 2028 who constituted 37.2% and 2019 who
constituted 39.1% p<0.001. There was no significant differences between percentages of patients admitted to ED
and brought by EMS among studied periods. The percentage of patients admitted to other ward of the hospital was
higher in 2020 than in 2018 and 2019.
Conclusions: 1. During early stage of COVID-19 epidemic state the number of ED significantly decreased both patients
brought by EMS and non EMS pathway. 2. Patients admitted to ED are more often admitted to other ward of
the hospital. 3. The mortality during ED stay is similar than in similar periods in previous years.
Simple Emergency Triage (SET) – the new perspective
on mass casualty incident triage
Authors: Jaskuła Jerzy , Siuta Marek
Published: October 2020

The aim: Incidents with large number of casualties present a major challenge for the emergency services. Incident witnesses
are always the first on scene. Authors aim at giving them an algorithm arranging the widely known first aid rules
in such way, that the number of potential fatalities before the services’ arrival may be decreased.
Material and methods: The authors’ main aim was creating an algorithm for mass casualty incident action, comprising
elements not exceeding first aid skill level. Proceedings have been systematized, which led to creation of mass casualty
incident algorithm. The analysis was based on the subject matter literature, legal acts and regulations, statistical
data and author’s personal experience.
Results: The analysis and synthesis of data from various sources allowed for the creation of Simple Emergency Triage
(SET) algorithm. It has been proven – on theoretical level – that introducing an organized way of proceeding in mass
casualty incident on the first aid level is justified.
Conclusions: The SET algorithm presented in the article is of an implemental character. It may be a supplement to basic
first aid skills. Algorithm may also be the starting point for further empirical research aimed at verifying its effectiveness.
Pathophysiology and clinical symp toms of acute
radiation syndrome
Authors: Kudła Wiktoria , Trzos Arkadiusz , Łyziński Karol
Published: October 2020

Introduction: The use of radiation sources in various areas of life generates the risk of accidents and radiation disasters.
The increase in terrorist threats as well as the risk of an outbreak of new armed conflicts carries the risk of using radioactive
materials by terrorist groups and the military. Exposure to high doses of radiation and absorbing above-threshold
doses by victims may cause acute radiation syndrome (ARS), as well as some distant effects. Personnel of the State
Emergency Medical System (EMS) will be the first professional medical team in the process of providing assistance to
such victims. The effects of further medical treatment in the hospital will depend on EMS’s first response, radiological
triage and initial interventions taken.
The aim: To present pathophysiology and clinical symptoms of acute radiation syndrome in the context of the medical
practice of the EMS.
Material and methods: For the purpose of this publication, an analysis of literature on the subject of the mechanism
of ionizing radiation and its effects on the human body was performed. The work is focused on the interpretation of
research results and their presentation from the EMS’s perspective.
Results: The publication presents the impact of ionizing radiation on the body, the mechanism of damage to cellular
structures and its consequences for individual organs and systems. ARS’s clinical (hematopoietic, intestinal, cerebrovascular)
syndromes were discussed in detail, paying attention to radiation doses, the sensitivity of individual systems and
organs, the dynamics of individual phases, as well as the ability to recognize and assess the severity of their progression
by EMS personnel.
Conclusions: The knowledge of pathophysiology, and ARS’s symptoms and dynamics is important to respond correctly
to radiation incidents. This knowledge allows for efficient organization and emergency management during rescue
operations. The increase in the risk of radiation incidents and radiation disasters generates the need for appropriate
preparation of emergency rescuers, in particular, of the medical personnel of the State Emergency Medical Services.
STUDYING ORGANIZAT ION DURING CORONAV IRUS DISEASE
PANDEMIC FROM ERASMUS+
– MEDICA L STUDENT PERSPECT IVE
Authors: Timler Wojciech , Rossi Leonardo , Timler Małgorzata , Rasmus Paweł , Timler Dariusz
Published: October 2020

Introduction: COVID-19, the disease caused by coronavirus SARS CoV-2, is the newest and the best known disease,
which changed our reality in just a few weeks. It caused many changes in education and health system.
The aim: To recount and summarise what is happening in Italian and Polish medical studies right now in the perspective
of two students, one of them being a part of the Erasmus+ programme, residing in Italy and studying at Universita
degli Studi di Pavia.
Conclusion: Italian and Polish studying organization is similar. Erasmus Students have access to more than one University
materials.
ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL RESCUE OPERATIONS PERFORMED BY MEDICAL RESCUE TEAMS FROM ALL OVER POLAND IN PATIENTS WITH BURN WOUNDS
Authors: Nadolny Klaudiusz , Ładny Jerzy Robert , Ślęzak Daniel , Komza Mateusz , Gałązkowski Robert
Published: October 2020

Introduction: A burn is a superficial or deep tissue damage caused by the action of: heat (high temperature), chemicals, electric current, solar rays and ionizing radiation.
The aim: To analyze the trips of emergency medical teams in the period from November 1, 2017 to April 30, 2018 to patients diagnosed with burns throughout the country.
Materials and methods: The analysis covers the whole of Poland, all medical rescue teams. The obtained data comes from the System of Supporting the State Medical Rescue
System. The analysis includes the characteristics of the population studied and the medicines used. The study included those that ended with the diagnosis of burns (T-20 to
T-32). Taking into account the above criteria, 547 cases were obtained.
Results: In 321 cases, there were women and 226 cases of men (58.68% vs 41.32%, p <0.001). More often, it referred to patients over 18 (317 cases vs. 193 below 18 years of
age, p <0.001) in 37 cases no data. Most events were recorded in the Masovian and Silesian voivodships (12.97% and 11.33%) and the least in Podlasin (2.92%). In 20.47% of
cases, pain treatment was applied, of which in the group of adults in 25.23% vs. 1658% in children, p <0.001.
Conclusions: The above results of medical emergency teams’ activities indicate insufficient pharmacological treatment, which requires rapid improvement.
INFLUENCE OF AUTOLEUKOCYTE VACCINATION ON ACTIVITY LEVEL OF TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: Zinchuk Alexandr , Herasun Oleksandr , Zadorozhnyi Andrij , Vorozhbyt Olga , Gerasun Borys
Published: October 2020

Introduction: data about influence of intradermal vaccination with native autoleukocytes on activity level of pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients
with chronic hepatitis B have been presented in the article.
The aim: Based on positive results, obtained from autoleukocyte immunization in patients with psoriasis [14], the aim of our research was to use and study such therapy for
reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in patients with chronic hepatitis B (chronic hepatitis B).
Materials and methods: Patients with chronic hepatitis B with high level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (≥30pg/ml) were vaccinated with native autoleukocytes (23);
simultaneously, the same procedure was performed to patients (11) with low level of this cytokine (5pg/ml). Leukocytes were isolated from heparinized peripheral venous
blood of a patient with hepatitis B by centrifuging plasma, obtained after blood precipitation for 140-160 minutes at temperature 370 С. The suspension was resuspended in
1-1.5 ml of a patient’s blood serum and injected into the skin of the back in the dose 0.1 ml.
Results: in 30 days after immunization, reduction of tumor necrosis factor alpha was observed in all patients with its high level (100%), in 65.25% of individuals – to 5 pg/ml;
in some patients, who had low or average level of pro-inflammatory cytokine, the level individually increased (41.67%).
Conclusions: The elaborated method of influence on activity of tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with chronic hepatitis B is effective and worth implementing into
clinical practice.
TRENDS IN PARATHYROID HORMONE PLASMA CONCENTRATION IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS: PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Czarnik Aneta , Czarnik Tomasz , Kapłon Robert , Bolanowski Marek
Published: October 2020

Introduction: There is no data in the literature regarding trends in parathormone serum concentration assessment in critically ill patients.
The aim: To assess the parathyroid hormone plasma concentrations and kinetics in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit due to multiorgan failure.
Materials and methods: Thirty multiorgan failure (at least circulatory and respiratory failure) patients were included. Patients who met any of the following criteria were
excluded: acute liver failure, end stage renal disease, hypercalcemia, parathyroid gland disease, severe vitamin D deficiency, admission from another ICU or readmission, age
younger than 18 years, or lack of consent from relatives. We performed the parathyroid hormone plasma measurements in 12-hour time intervals.
Results: The initial parathyroid hormone plasma concentration levels in the study group were rather variable and medians exceeded laboratory reference values. Especially in
the acute kidney injury subpopulation treated with continuous renal replacement therapy these trends were emphasized. The initial parathyroid hormone plasma concentration
levels in this group significantly exceeded laboratory reference values in 80% of patients. After initial spike we observed subsequent drop between second and third measurement.
The distribution of plasma levels was rather variable between second and third measurement in this group of patients.
Conclusions: The parathyroid hormone plasma concentration levels in the critically ill patients are variable. In the acute kidney injury subpopulation treated with continuous
renal replacement therapy after initial significant spike we observed subsequent drop between second and third measurement.
BASIC CLINICAL AND PATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING THE COMPLICATIONS DURING MULTIPLE PREGNANCIES
Authors: Boiko Volodymyr I. , Boychuk Alla V. , Nikitina Irina M. , Babar Tetyana V. , Boiko Alesya V. , Bolotna Maryna A.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: In order to evaluate the value of the Placenta Growth Factor (PlGF) in the developing the gestational complications during multiple pregnancies, a study of this
indicator in serum of 320 pregnant women with multiple pregnancies in the first trimester, as well as 40 pregnant women with single pregnancy, constituted a control group.
The aim: of the study is to investigate the effect of the placental growth factors on gestational process during multiple pregnancies.
Materials and methods: A prospective study of maternity pregnancy in 320 females with multiple pregnancies was conducted, which comprised the main group of the subjects
and 40 healthy women with unipolar pregnancy. The level of PlGF in serum was determined by solid phase enzyme analysis using monoclonal antibody sets in the first trimester
of pregnancy. Indicators of the hemostasis system (vascular thrombocyte and coagulation link) were evaluated according to generally accepted methods. Dopplerometry of
placental and fetal blood flow was performed in uterine arteries, arteries and umbilical cord veins, middle cerebral artery of the fetus.
Results: Women with multiple pregnancies are at the risk of gestational complications - premature births in 67.8% (p <0.01), feto placental dysfunction, pre eclampsia - in
17.5% (p <0.05) cases. The revealed violations of the vascular thrombocyte and coagulation homeostasis in the first trimester of pregnancy are the main risk factors for early
premature abortion. It has been shown that the low level of placental growth factor in serum of pregnant women with multiple pregnancies in the case of premature labor,
feto placental dysfunction and pre-eclampsia (111.23 ± 8.4, 203.24 ± 6.4 and 305.86 ± 7.4 pg / ml) compared with the corresponding indicators for single-pregnancy (418.2
± 10.4 pg / ml) is a prognostic marker for the development of gestational complications.
Conclusions: Timely medical correction of gestational complications during multiple pregnancies with the use of micronized progesterone, low molecular weight heparins, angio
protectants allowed prolonging the pregnancy with mono choric type of placentation by 3.2 weeks (up to 34.2 ± 2.4 weeks), and in the case of dichoric twins - to full-term pregnancy.
BREASTS SELF EXAMINATION – EVERYTHING WE WANT YOU TO KNOW ABOUT IT – SURVEY STUDY
Authors: Staciwa Agnieszka , Sprawka Marta , Stachowicz Hubert , Topyła Weronika , Taracha Anna , Ściślak Robert , Wójtowicz Agnieszka , Stachowicz Norbert , Smoleń Agata
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Breasts self examination is first line prevention in case of breast cancer. It is cheap, it is easy and it can save your life. That is why it is so important that every
woman and even man know how to do it.
The aim: To estimate the level of knowledge about breasts self examination among women and also among people connected with medicine.
Materials and methods: The data were gathered through the internet questionnaire, which contained of 14 questions. There were 204 respondents : 53% women and 47%
men. Among them there were 93% people related with medicine. Average age was 23,5 years. The participation was voluntary and annonymous.
Results: Among female respondents 57% admit doing breasts self examination, however only 23% of them do that regularly every month. Also only 36% of the respondents know how to do proper
examination. When asked if they ever had their breasts examined by the doctor, only 20% replied positively. We also prepared questions for people connected with medical field: we asked them if
doing breasts examination for the patient they would feel confident (61% replied negatively.) and also if they had a chance to do breasts examination during studies most of them replied negatively.
Conclusions: To conclude, even among women connected with medical field the knowledge is not enough, which is the most concerning since they should educate others and
diagnose concerning symptoms. We should put more afford to break the tabu and pay more attention to breast examination.
SUPERFICIAL CANDIDOSIS COURSE IN PATIENTS WITH
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM DISORDER AND DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Syzon Оrysya О. , Turkevych Solomiya A. , Rudnyk Tetyana I. , Volbyn Svitlana V. , Dashko Marianna O.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: One of the pressing issues of modern dermatology is the prevalence of diseases of skin and mucous membranes caused by yeast-like fungi.
The aim: To study specific features of the course of skin and mucous membranes superficial candidosis against the background of initial carbohydrate metabolism disorders
or diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods: We have examined 93 patients aged 18-75 suffering from superficial candidosis. Candidosis was diagnosed based on anamnesis data, results of
clinical tests and laboratory studies. The study of carbohydrate metabolism included determining of the glucose level under fasting conditions to establish possible diabetes
mellitus and glucose tolerance test (75 g glucose load), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fructosamine (FR).
Results: In patients with mild and moderate candidosis we have detected an increased rates of НbA1с and fructosamine, as compared with the like indicators received in the
control group, by 1.54 and 1.21 times respectively. In patients with severe candidosis and relapses the concentrations of НbA1с increased by 2.59 times, FR – by 2.26 times against
the indicators received in the control group. Thus, increased levels of blood glycosylated protein indicate the pathogenetic importance of these processes in the development
of candidosis.
Conclusions: Consequently, increased levels of blood glycosylated protein indicates the pathogenetic importance of these processes in the development of candidal lesions.
Tests for НbA1с and FR proved to be sensitive and allow reliable detection of individuals with diabetes mellitus and glucose intolerance among candidosis patients.
THE STUDY OF REGIONAL PECULIARITIES OF PARENTERAL
VIRAL HEPATITIS INCIDENCE DYNAMICS AMONG CHILDREN AS
AN INSTRUMENT OF DEVELOPING COMPLEX REGIONAL SOCIAL
PROGRAMS ON THE PREVENTION OF ITS INCREASE
Authors: Medvedovska Nataliia V. , Bugro Valeriy I. , Kasianenko Ivan I.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: the problem of increase of viral hepatitis incidence which are transmitted in the haemocontact (parenteral) way remains unresolved in the majority countries of the
world. The special relevance is acquired lately by a problem of increase of risk of transfer of an infection among children of teenage age, youth, in the main ways of transmission
of infection among which there is a risky behavior, addictions (the injection use of narcotic substances) and the unprotected sexual relations due to the lack of informing and
awareness of risk of a disease and irreversible losses of health in the future.
The aim: Studying of regional features of incidence of parenteral viral hepatitis among children and teenagers with justification of the priority directions of prevention of its
increase in the context of implementation of regional comprehensive programs became a research objective.
Materials and methods: Data from official forms of the statistical reporting on cases of diseases of viral hepatitis (sharp and chronic) in forms No. 1, No. 2 “The report about
separate infections and parasitic diseases” (annual) MZ of Ukraine became primary material for a research. For achievement of a goal methods have been used: system approach,
medico-statistical, graphic and conceptual modeling, and organizational experiment.
Review: During a research of 2007-2016 it has been established that the majority of viral hepatitis’s in Ukraine (58,79 ± 0,44%) is diagnosed in a chronic stage of a disease, and
especially in the Kirovohrad region (80,35 ± 2,14%). Increase of incidence of parenteral viral hepatitis’s B and C in the Kirovohrad region has happened in age group of children of
15-17 years to prevalence in structure of incidence of children of chronic viral hepatitis’s of hepatitis C (52,7 ± 5,8%) that demands search of the medico-organizational reasons of
formation of the established incidence tendencies for a solution of the problem of their distribution due to early preventive intervention within complex program social influence.
Conclusions: Accounting of regional features of incidence of parenteral hepatitises became scientific justification for acceptance to execution of the comprehensive regional
social program of prevention of their distribution among teenagers and youth of the Kirovohrad region.
THE USE OF MEDICAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE CRIME INVESTIGATION
Authors: Yaremchuk Viktoriia O.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Investigation of many types of crimes is accompanied by the involvement of health care workers. They, with the help of their special skills in the sphere of
medicine, assist the investigator in identification, fixation and caption of evidence. Health care workers take part in many investigative procedures, carry out forensic, psychiatric
and other kinds of examinations.
The aim: To reveal modern forms of using medical knowledge during the crime investigation.
Materials and methods: The abstract is based on the teachings of scholars of forensic physicians, criminologists, the results of our survey of investigators and forensic experts,
the results of our generalization of criminal proceedings regarding the investigation of murders, normative and legal acts of Ukraine and other sources. The system of scientific
knowledge methods: historical, statistical, questionnaires, generalizations and others, was used during the research.
Review: Our research reveals the following forms of using medical knowledge during crime investigation. This is the participation of physicians as specialists in investigative
procedures, like the review of the scene, interrogation, investigation experiment, examination, participation in the selection of biological samples for carrying out expert
examinations, physicians’ assistance in the form of the recreation of the deceased person’s face with a view of its identification, also the consultations of physicians - cardiologists,
traumatologists, surgeons, forensic experts, etc., carrying out of forensic and forensic and psychiatric examinations, use of medical knowledge in the form of molecular genome
research with the view of person’s identification. The argumentative issues on the interaction between the investigator and the physician during the review of the scene,
interrogation and other investigative procedures, implementation of molecular genome research and certain issues arising in the appointment of forensic and forensic psychiatric
examinations are reviewed in the abstract.
Conclusions: The use of medical knowledge is necessary for investigation of many types of crimes. The forms of using medical knowledge in the crime investigations such as the participation
of physicians as specialists in the carrying out of investigative procedures, the physicians’ assistance in the form of the recreation of the deceased person’s face with a view to its identification
and physicians’ consultations are widely spread nowadays. The conduct of forensic, medical and forensic and forensic psychiatric examinations is the most widespread. The use of medical
knowledge in the form of genotyposcopic and molecular genome research carried out in order to identify a person during the crime investigations is popular nowadays.
DYSFUNCTION OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
IN EPILEPSY
Authors: Łabuz-Roszak Beata , Mańka-Gaca Iwona
Published: October 2020

Generalized or partial epileptic seizures may be accompanied by autonomic dysfunction. They may also take the form of self-inflicted seizures or be present during
interictal period. Arrhythmias, resulting in haemodynamic disturbances in the circulatory system and prolonged hypoxia of the central nervous system, may itself provoke
secondary episodes of seizure morphology. The doctor when diagnosing patients with epileptic seizures should always be aware of the potential for cardiogenic disorders.
Consideration should be given to the effect of epilepsy on the structure of the autonomic nervous system, the effect of antiepileptic drugs, and the potential for mutations
within the ion channels.