bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Hybrid Approach: Capsule Network Enhanced with Residual Block and CBAM Module for Medical Image Classification
Authors: SENGUL Sumeyra Busra , OZKAN Ilker Ali
Published: May 2024

Convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been successfully used in the classification of medical images. However, CNNs extract the features of the image, neglecting the spatial information between the objects since they evaluate each object separately and this makes it difficult to analyse images reliably. CapsNets partially overcomes these limitations by encapsulating the objects in the image and their feature parameters without losing the spatial information between objects. However, this advantage of CapsNet can become a disadvantage due to the fact that CapsNet stores a lot of information, which can lead to an increase in the number of parameters and the complexity of the network. In this study, a new method is proposed in which residual block and CBAM (Convolutional Block Attention Module) modules are used hybridly with CapsNet in order to classify medical images with high accuracy and reliability and, at the same time, to overcome this disadvantage of CapsNet by reducing the number of parameters. In this study, more features of the image are extracted by using the residual block instead of the convolutional layer of CapsNet. The attention mechanism is used to increase the effectiveness of important features and reduce the effect of unnecessary features. In addition, the residual block and CBAM module reduced the number of parameters in CapsNet by approximately 2 million. Brain tumour images and OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) images were classified with the proposed model. The results of the study show that the proposed model achieves significant results when compared to other CapsNet-based studies in the literature.
Challenges and Methods for Smart Transport System using Big Data Analytics and IOT
Authors: Nithya J. , Shanthi C.
Published: May 2024

The transport industry has seen a revolution in recent years due to the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and big data analytics, which has given rise to the concept of smart transport systems. These systems optimise traffic flow, increase safety, and boost overall efficiency by utilising data generated by Internet of Things devices and advanced analytics techniques. But putting such systems into place comes with a lot of challenges, from scalability and data integration issues to privacy and security issues. This paper offers a thorough analysis of the difficulties encountered and the strategies used in the creation and implementation of big data analytics and Internet of Things (IoT) smart transport systems.
This paper offers insights for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers involved in the design and implementation of smart transportation solutions. It does this by thoroughly analysing the body of existing literature and case studies, identifying key challenges, and presenting creative solutions to address them.
Квантовая модель ангармонических колебаний двухатомной молекулы с переменной силовой константой и малым значением коэффициента ангармоничности
Authors: Лякишев В.К. , Перфильев М.С.
Published: May 2024

в данной работе рассмотрены колебания двухатомной молекулы в рамках квантовой механики как ангармонического осциллятора с малыми значениями коэффициента ангармоничности. На основе общеизвестных моделей квантовых гармонического и ангармонического осцилляторов создана новая модель с переменным значением силовой константы молекулы , зависящим от колебательного квантового числа n и коэффициента ангармоничности . Математический анализ этой модели подтвердил ее физическую состоятельность. В качестве примера рассчитана энергия колебаний молекулы кислорода в рамках представленной в работе модели.

in this work, vibrations of a diatomic molecule are considered within the framework of quantum mechanics as an anharmonic oscillator with small values of the anharmonicity coefficient. Based on well-known models of quantum harmonic and anharmonic oscillators, a new model with a variable value of the molecule force constant was created here. The force constant depends on the vibrational quantum number n and the anharmonicity coefficient . Mathematical analysis of this model confirmed its physical validity. As an example, the vibrational energy of an oxygen molecule was calculated within the framework of the model presented in the work.
Zero-knowledge Identity Authentication for E-voting System
Authors: Marcellino Matthew , Wicaksana Arya , Widjaja Moeljono
Published: May 2024

The advancement of blockchain technology introduces the new concept of electronic voting systems (e-voting) that are fully anonymous, transparent, trustless, and decentralized. The limitation of blockchain-based e-voting systems is the need for initial setup to verify and validate eligible voters. This initial setup requires human intervention, which curbs the full potential and exploitation of blockchain technology. Identity authentication is crucial in voting systems to ensure the eligibility of the voters and the validity of the results. This paper proposes a hybrid approach using ZK-SNARK for identity authentication systems in blockchain-based e-voting. The proposed hybrid approach aims to maintain the benefit of blockchain technology while guaranteeing the eligibility of voters. Both on-chain and off-chain identity authentication modules are designed and developed to balance the trade-off of centralized and decentralized nature for the blockchain-based e-voting systems. The affordability of the proposed system is essential in justifying the approach's feasibility and usability. Voting systems are expected to host thousands to millions of voters, and the cost is one major consideration. The proposed system is deployed in the Ethereum blockchain network, including its sidechain and Layer 2, i.e., Avalanche, Arbitrum One, and Polygon. The gas fee required for the smart contract deployment in Ethereum is USD12.5, while the lowest gas fee is in the Polygon blockchain network for USD0.02.
Unlocking Digital Evidence: Recent Challenges and Strategies in Mobile Device Forensic Analysis
Authors: Fakiha Bandr
Published: May 2024

We live in a digital era where communication has become easier than ever, thanks to the emergence of computer technologies. With the improvement of these technologies over the last few decades, mobile devices have evolved and advanced, offering users fast and affordable ways to interact virtually. Forensic investigators have learned to take advantage of mobile device technologies to unveil digital evidence. This paper delves into the challenges and techniques involved in conducting forensic analysis on mobile devices. It also explores the logical extraction and analysis of data from mobile devices. Although it can be limited by the device's safety features or encryption, logical extraction entails connecting the mobile device to computers and using software programs to gain entry to and copy files stored in the gadget's file system. It highlights crucial advancements and the secrets surrounding this field with the primary objective of establishing more facts on the modern world of digital forensic investigation. Device heterogeneity, data fragmentation, cloud and synchronization, privacy, and legal considerations were found to be the most common challenges in forensic analysis. Device heterogeneity is where the computers run separate operating systems or the devices are manufactured by different companies. You are probably familiar with both the Internet and cell phone networks, which are two typical instances of heterogeneous networks. The Internet and cell phone networks are two popular instances of heterogeneous networks that you are probably already familiar with. Device exploitation, password cracking, file carving, database reconstruction, leveraging APIs, and obtaining legal cooperation were the preferred techniques involved in the analysis. On the other hand, decryption, advanced data carving, keyword searching, and data filtering are some of the crucial advancements in mobile device forensic tools. The results imply a dire need for a complex landscape to preserve data integrity throughout digital forensic investigations. The researcher uses this study's findings to recommend future action plans for stakeholders, including digital forensic investigators and the general public.
Infarcts Due to Large Vessel Occlusions Continue to Grow Despite Near-Complete Reperfusion After Endovascular Treatment
Authors: Ospel Johanna M. , Rex Nathaniel , Oueidat Karim , McDonough Rosalie , Rinkel Leon , Baird Grayson , Collins Scott , Jindal Gaurav , Alvin Matthew D. , Boxerman Jerrold , Barber Phil , Jayaraman Mahesh , Smith Wendy , Amirault-Capuano Amanda , Hill Michael D. , Goyal Mayank , McTaggart Ryan
Published: May 2024

Background and Purpose Infarcts in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients may continue to grow even after reperfusion, due to mechanisms such as microvascular obstruction and reperfusion injury. We investigated whether and how much infarcts grow in AIS patients after near-complete (expanded Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction [eTICI] 2c/3) reperfusion following endovascular treatment (EVT), and to assess the association of post-reperfusion infarct growth with clinical outcomes.Methods Data are from a single-center retrospective observational cohort study that included AIS patients undergoing EVT with near-complete reperfusion who received diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within 2 hours post-EVT and 24 hours after EVT. Association of infarct growth between 2 and 24 hours post-EVT and 24-hour National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) as well as 90-day modified Rankin Scale score was assessed using multivariable logistic regression.Results Ninety-four of 155 (60.6%) patients achieved eTICI 2c/3 and were included in the analysis. Eighty of these 94 (85.1%) patients showed infarct growth between 2 and 24 hours post-reperfusion. Infarct growth ≥5 mL was seen in 39/94 (41.5%) patients, and infarct growth ≥10 mL was seen in 20/94 (21.3%) patients. Median infarct growth between 2 and 24 hours post-reperfusion was 4.5 mL (interquartile range: 0.4–9.2 mL). Post-reperfusion infarct growth was associated with the 24-hour NIHSS in multivariable analysis (odds ratio: 1.16 [95% confidence interval 1.09–1.24], P<0.01).Conclusion Infarcts continue to grow after EVT, even if near-complete reperfusion is achieved. Investigating the underlying mechanisms may inform future therapeutic approaches for mitigating the process and help improve patient outcome.
Use of Exponential Function in Plant Growth Analysis: A Mathematical Study of Herbal Plants in Nepal
Authors: Thakur Kritika Kumari , Sahani Suresh Kumar , Thakur Ambika Kumari , Sahani Kameshwar , Prasad Nayan Kumar , Sah Binod Kumar
Published: May 2024

Plants are the reason why we all human beings or living beings are alive. We are nothing without plants. We Nepalese are lucky that we don’t only have a large variety of plants but also many more rare plants which are not easily found all over the world. Some of the rare plants are Rhododendron, Jatamanshi, Yarshagumba, etc. which not only have medicinal importance but also are very expensive. Above 80% crude herbs are exported to India, China and other countries. But one of the saddest things is Nepal hasn’t yet become one of the most popular or largest countries to export herbs. Maybe because we are surrounded by land. But there are various geographical importance of Nepal. We should consider it and extend the export rate. Nepal is rich in medicinal plants and aromatic plants, from Terai to Himalayan region. Due to the geography, Nepal. Consists of some of the unbelievable medicinal herbs which can cure various diseases. In this project I have discussed some of the precious herbal plants found in Nepal.
Analisis Perubahan Penggunaan Lahan untuk Permukiman di Kecamatan Lubuak Alung Kabupaten Padang Pariaman 2011 dan 2023
Authors: Jumaidi Rabby , Prarikeslan Widya
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine 1) How the extent of land use change for settlement in Lubuk Alung sub-district in 2011 and 2023, 2) How is the relationship between land use change for settlements with the RTRW of Padang Pariaman Regency. The type of research in this study is Quantitative and uses Data used in the study in the form of secondary data, namely Landsat 7 images with a period of 2011 & Landsat 8 with a period of 2023, shapefile RTRW Padang Pariaman Regency Year 2010 -2030. The analysis method used is Overlay which is used to determine land use changes and the alignment of the Lubuk Alung District spatial plan data with the existing land use of rice fields and settlements. Forest area decreased by 12.28%, while mixed gardens, shrubs, and settlements increased by 22.31%, 79.80%, and 127.68% respectively. However, paddy fields decreased by 21.45%. Furthermore, this research relates land use change for settlements in Lubuk Alung to the Regional Spatial Plan (RTRW) of Padang Pariaman Regency. The RTRW spatial pattern data is the basis for spatial planning. Although there has been an increase in the area of settlement land that is in accordance with the spatial pattern from 195 ha in 2011 to 330 ha in 2023, there is still a portion that is not in accordance, reaching 609 ha in 2023. This indicates a mismatch between land use and the spatial plan.
Teaching as We’re Taught: The University’s Role in the Education of English Teachers
Authors: Marshall James , Smith Janet
Published: May 2024

Examines teaching practices in one English department. Investigates language of course syllabi for statement of goals, course reading, and course writing. Interviews faculty for observations about the texts, curriculum, and classroom practice. Suggests that, while university scholarship has moved beyond the New Criticism of the 1950s, university teaching may be stuck there.
Walking our Talk: Between Response and Responsibility in the Literature Classroom
Authors: Hynds Susan , Appleman Deborah
Published: May 2024

Relates the journeys of two English teacher/professors through their changing field: how their approach to teaching and research has been challenged along the way by critical incidents in classrooms and with individual students; and how their stances on what literature teaching is and should be, and what research is and should be, have changed. Presents a response.
Why Is My Name in Your Mouth?: Linking Literacy and Violence Prevention in The Safer Places Project
Authors: Tendero Tony
Published: May 2024

Uses action research methods to describe one classroom in order to urge English educators to invite their students to participate in literacy and social action. Suggests ways that Mikhail Bakhtin’s literary theory can help English teachers and English educators discover and better understand the link of word and deed.
Why Do We Need to Genderize? Women’s Literature in High School
Authors: Slack Delane Bender
Published: May 2024

Discusses why a women’s literature course is necessary to combat the web of gender bias woven throughout literature, schools, and society. Describes the creation and proposal of a curriculum for such a class at the high school level. Notes objections from male teachers and outlines responses. Describes how the course was proposed to, and turned down by, the school board.
Exploring the Literature of Fact: Linking Reading and Writing through Information Trade Books
Authors: Moss Barbara , Leone Susan , Dipillo Mary Lou
Published: May 2024

Discusses three ways elementary teachers can improve student understanding expository text through reading and writing of information trade books: reading and writing about information trade books; reading and creating innovations on information trade books; and reading and writing retellings of information trade books.
Teaching about Worlds of Hurt through Encounters with Literature: Reflections on Pedagogy
Authors: Robertson Judith P.
Published: May 2024

Discusses (1) knowledge teachers are trying to teach when they ask children to read stories about incidences of pain and horror; (2) how preservice elementary teachers experience the dangers and the possibilities involved in using such literature; (3) principles literary practitioners call upon to assist readers in working through the psychic dangers that attend literary learning about loss through human cruelty.
Creating Space for Discussions about Social Justice and Equity in an Elementary Classroom
Authors: Allen Andrew M.A.
Published: May 2024

Discusses how the author uses his second-grade students’ natural sense of fairness as a foundation for constructing an antiracist/antibias curriculum. Describes observations of students’ reactions to particular classroom materials, his subsequent reflection on his teaching responses to the students’ reactions, and how he is learning to become more aware of students’ interest in equity issues.
Children “Writing Themselves”: A Glimpse at the Underbelly
Authors: Phinney Margaret Yatsevitch
Published: May 2024

Suggests that it may be important for teachers (1) to identify the social elements and pressures that kindergarten children must manage as they try to "write themselves" in an interactive environment; and (2) to identify the coping strategies children develop to accommodate their social agendas.
The Social Drama of Literature Discussions in a Fifth/Sixth-Grade Classroom
Authors: Lewis Cynthia
Published: May 2024

Examines how conceptions of what it means to read and discuss literature shaped peer-led discussions in the classroom. Explores the relationship between social and interpretive expectations in the classroom and the positions students took during literature discussions. Shows that students worked to create solidarity. Complicates the role that power and status play in discussions.
Working through Discourse Genres in School
Authors: Hicks Deborah
Published: May 2024

Explores possible benefits of placing considerations of genre as more central to dialogs and debates about language arts education. Aims for a theoretical framework emphasizing the responsive and agentive engagement of students working through disciplinary literacies. Considers ways in which one first-grade teacher helped a non-middle-class learner to engage more deeply with science discourse genres.
Annotated Bibliography of Research in the Teaching of English
Authors: Brown Deborah , Larson Richard L. , Whiting Melissa
Published: May 2024

Presents a 48-item selected annotated bibliography of recent research in the teaching of English (most published in scholarly journals between July and December, 1997). Organizes the annotations into sections on assessment; bilingual education and foreign language education; discourse processes; family/workplace literacy; professional development; reading; research methodology; teaching and learning of literature; technology and literacy; and writing.
On Reframing Children’s Words: The Perils, Promises, and Pleasures of Writing Children
Authors: Dyson Anne Haas
Published: May 2024

Considers the importance of materials from popular culture in children’s literate activities. Emphasizes the dynamic ways in which children adapt symbols from popular culture for their own academic and social purposes. Argues for the need to view popular culture more respectfully.
Co-Authoring Classroom Texts: Shifting Participant Roles in Writing Activity
Authors: Larson Joanne , Maier Maryrita
Published: May 2024

Shows how one first-grade teacher explicitly modeled her own authorship processes and how students took up those processes in their own writing. Analyzes classroom discourse to illustrate how the teacher and students shifted roles in the participation framework of writing activity among teacher, author, co-author, and overhearer to facilitate the co-construction of written texts.
ESL Writing and The Principle of Nonjudgmental Awareness: Rationale and Implementation
Authors: Kasper Loretta Frances
Published: May 2024

Argues that a process-oriented nonjudgmental instructional approach can help English-as-a-Second-Language community college students become better writers. Discusses the principle of nonjudgmental awareness and its rationale, and describes five pedagogical techniques used in a nonjudgmental writing class.
Paintbrushes and Pens: The World of Literate Seeing
Authors: Rauch Kristin , Almond Lorraine
Published: May 2024

Describes how art–making and writing intersect in a sixth–grade art classroom. Discusses how writing about art-making promoted reflection and thinking, and was essential to the learning in class for both students and teacher. Offers brief notes also about art in the language arts class.
The Place I Will Always Remember: Drawing on Experiences through the Quilt Project
Authors: Hubbard Ruth Shagoury
Published: May 2024

Discusses a quilt project in which ninth-grade English-as-a-Second-Language students wrote, drew, and talked about what they knew, remembered, and felt on the topic "Where I Came From," creating an anthology and a quilt. Describes how students’ speaking practice, iwritten language abilities, and self-confidence improved.
From Kitchen to Classroom: Reflections of a Language Broker
Authors: Ng Jennifer
Published: May 2024

Describes the author’s experiences straddling a Chinese home culture and an American school culture throughout most of her life. Ponders how to, as a future teacher, support the experiences of individual students, be aware of cultural assumptions, and reward students for what they already know.
Why I Teach, Promote, and Love Adolescent Literature: Confessions of a College Professor
Authors: Cope Jim
Published: May 2024

Argues that the number one goal in teaching literature should be to create lifelong, reflective readers, and that the job of a novel at its highest level is to illuminate the human condition. Argues that good adolescent literature does all of these things, and does it in such a way thatadolescents will ask for more.
Bear in the Family
Authors: Mikaelsen Ben
Published: May 2024

Young adult author Ben Mikaelsen writes lovingly of his "child": a six hundred pound black bear named Buffy.
Conocimiento y práctica de cuidadores de niños sobre suplementación con hierro polimaltosado
Authors: Chanamé Ampuero Eva , Huaman-Carhuas Luis , Cerna Silva Carolina , Duran Alcantara Mishel Katterin , Gutiérrez Alfaro Lizbeth Angelica
Published: May 2024

Introducción. La anemia ferropénica infantil es uno de los problemas de salud pública a nivel global, constituyendo prioridad en la atención sanitaria, una de las estrategias recomendadas para enfrentarla, es la suplementación con hierro polimaltosado, demostrando una buena tolerabilidad con bajas incidencias de efectos adversos. Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el conocimiento y la práctica de cuidadores de niños sobre suplementación con hierro polimaltosado.Metodología. Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo-correlacional y transversal. Participaron 93 cuidadores de niños asistentes a un centro de salud de Lima-Perú y se utilizaron dos instrumentos, un cuestionario y una escala Likert que fueron validados mediante juicio de expertos y una prueba piloto, obteniendo un alfa Cronbach de 0,808 y Kuder Richardson 0,775. Resultados. El nivel de conocimiento sobre suplementación con hierro polimaltosado fue regular (82,7%), seguido por bueno (9,7%), y deficiente (7,5%). En relación a la práctica de los cuidadores, el 90,3% fueron adecuadas mientras que 9,7% fueron inadecuadas. Se encontró una relación directamente proporcional entre el conocimiento y la práctica (Rho=0,481). Discusión. La mayoría de los cuidadores presentó un nivel regular de conocimientos sobre el uso del suplemento, también se mostraron falencias con respecto a las medidas de higiene, la forma de almacenamiento y conservación del suplemento
 
ABSTRACT
Introduction. Childhood iron deficiency anemia is one of the global public health problems, constituting a priority in health care, one of the recommended strategies to deal with it is polymaltose iron supplementation, demonstrating good tolerability with low incidences of adverse effects. Objective: To determine the relationship between the knowledge and practice of child caregivers on polymaltose iron supplementation. Methodology. Quantitative, descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study. 93 caregivers of children attending a health center in Lima-Peru participated and two instruments were used, a questionnaire and a Likert scale that were validated by expert judgment and a pilot test, obtaining a Cronbach's alpha of 0.808 and Kuder Richardson 0.775. Results. El nivel de conocimiento sobre suplementación con hierro polimaltosado fue regular (82,7%), seguido por bueno (9,7%), y deficiente (7,5%). A directly proportional relationship was found between knowledge and practice (Rho=0.481). Discussion. Most caregivers presented a regular level of knowledge on the use of the supplement; shortcomings were also shown with regard to hygiene measures, the way of storage, and the conservation of the supplement.
Specificity and causes of school phobia in children and teachers' actions
Authors: Grzyb Barbara , Pituła Beata , Kałat Agata
Published: May 2024

The article presents the problem of school phobia in the context of the need to rethink it on the basis of new research findings on the subject. Moreover, the increasing scale of the problem implies the need to look for new solutions, also of a systemic nature. The text therefore refers to and critically evaluates synthetic approaches to the problem proposed by researchers. An important part of the study is a presentation of teachers' and students' attitudes towards anxiety and ways to limit its consequences for the fulfilment of the role of a student. It concludes with recommendations for pedagogical practice in order to eliminate the phenomenon of school phobia and limit its individual and social consequences.
Supervision in schools the perspective of supervisors
Authors: Brémová Veronika , Smetáčková Irena
Published: May 2024

The text presents the supervisors’ view on the specifics of group supervision meetings with teachers. Supervision is a form of non-specific professional development that deepens understanding of complex pedagogical situations and, through that, strengthens the ability of (self) reflection, emotional regulation, communication, and cooperation with other teachers, etc. Through 20 interviews with supervisors working at schools, the specifics of teacher supervision groups, perceived obstacles on the part of teachers and schools, and professional dilemmas faced by the supervisors themselves were mapped out. The interviews show that supervisors believe the main challenge for teachers lies in the inadequate expectations surrounding supervision, which instils fear of control and evaluation among teachers. This concern stems from the lack of knowledge about supervision, as well as the isolated nature of teaching work and the prevalence of evaluation in schools. To ensure effective supervision, it is important to establish a safe environment in which teachers can identify their strengths and weaknesses and draw inspiration from the perspectives of others.
Potential of Social Protection Policy Interventions for Breaking Poverty Cycle in Tanzania
Authors: Mwaijande Francis , Mwakalikamo Joshua
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this article is to ascertain the theory of change that by providing income assistance, consumption transfers and empowerment interventions, the poor and vulnerable groups overcome risks of falling into extreme poverty. This article adopted a cross-sectional descriptive survey research design to assess the effect of social protection on outcome variables. Both probability and non-probability sampling techniques were used. A random selection of regions, districts and households was conducted for obtaining quantitative data. Whereas, non-probability sampling techniques of purposeful sampling was used for selecting key informants to provide qualitative and rich information on the studied social protection programmes. The sample size was 204 distributed into on-programme (102 households) and non-programme (102 households) in Tanga and Mtwara regions. Triangulation methods includes use of both quantitative and qualitative methods in data collection and analysis of before and after interventions to determine net effect of social protection policy. Productive Social Safety Net  is a Tanzania social protection policy intervention to overcome poverty to poor households. It  provides cash transfers to increase households’ income, health insurance to increase access to health services and economic empowerment to increase employment and income generating opportunities. The study results indicate positive significant (r=.159*, P<.05) relationship between Productive Social Safety Net (PSSN) and poverty reduction in Tanzania, results also proved positive significant (r = -.284**, p<=01) relationship between health insurance and poverty. This means implementing social protection policies reduces intergenerational poverty in the Sub-Saharan Africa.  These are triangulated with qualitative voices saying “ our group, we are able to buy equipment when we get funds from Economic empowerment, we buy hall and chairs. This enables us to get income. I use for food in my family “. As for NHIF, it helps when I go to hospital I see the doctor, I get medical treatment”. However,  no single social protection intervention can reduce poverty because poverty is multi-dimensional. While economic empowerment reduces income poverty through enabling job creation, income generation activities and asset building, productive social safety net enhances social capital to overcome intergenerational poverty through conditional cash-transfers on child education attendance and improved nutritional status. The article implies that multiple social protection interventions produce effect on poverty reduction based on the PSSN, health insurance and economic empowerment interventions in Tanzania.
ชาตินิยมกับความเป็นอื่นที่พบในการแปลบทละครเรื่อง The Merchant of Venice ของ William Shakespeare กรณีศึกษา : บทพระราชนิพนธ์แปลในพระบาทสมเด็จพระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว เรื่อง เวนิสวาณิช
Authors:   , ขุนพินิจ ดอม
Published: May 2024

การศึกษาเรื่อง ชาตินิยมกับความเป็นอื่นที่พบในการแปลบทละครเรื่อง ‘The Merchant of Venice’ ของ William Shakespeare กรณีศึกษา: บทพระราชนิพนธ์แปลในพระบาทสมเด็จพระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัวเรื่อง ‘เวนิสวาณิช’ นี้เป็นการศึกษาเชิงคุณภาพตามแนวทางวัฒนธรรมศึกษาในศาสตร์การแปล โดยมุ่งศึกษาบทบาทของการแปลในการประกอบสร้างอัตลักษณ์ความเป็นอื่นและความเป็นไทยในฐานะส่วนหนึ่งของแนวคิดชาตินิยมที่ปรากฏในบทแปล เพื่อหาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างบทบาทของการแปลกับบริบททางประวัติศาสตร์ในรัชสมัยพระบาทสมเด็จพระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัวในประเด็นดังกล่าว ในการศึกษา ผู้วิจัยได้ทบทวนทฤษฎีและงานวิจัยที่เกี่ยวข้อง โดยเฉพาะในกรอบของศาสตร์การแปล ได้แก่ แนวคิดเรื่องอุดมการณ์ วาทกรรม และทฤษฎีวาทกรรมวิเคราะห์เชิงวิพากษ์ ตลอดจนแนวคิดเรื่องความเป็นอื่นและความเป็นไทย แล้วจึงได้ศึกษาแง่มุมที่เกี่ยวข้องที่ปรากฏในตัวบทต้นฉบับและบริบททางประวัติศาสตร์ของฉบับแปล ก่อนจะทำการวิเคราะห์บทแปลที่มีการสอดแทรกวาทกรรมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับเรื่องความเป็นอื่นจากตัวบทต้นฉบับ The Merchant of Venice ของวิลเลียม เชกสเปียร์ ในบทพระราชนิพนธ์แปล เวนิสวาณิช ของพระบาทสมเด็จพระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัวด้วยแนวทางวาทกรรมวิเคราะห์เชิงวิพากษ์ ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ใน เวนิสวาณิช ปรากฏการปรับบทแปลที่มีส่วนในการกำหนดสร้างและขับเน้นอัตลักษณ์ความเป็นอื่นของตัวละครในเรื่อง และสอดแทรกอัตลักษณ์ความเป็นไทยอันพึงประสงค์ในสายตาของฝ่ายอำนาจนำ ได้แก่การเชิดชูสถาบันกษัตริย์ระบอบสมบูรณาญาสิทธิราชย์ในฐานะสัญลักษณ์ของชาติ การปรับบทแปลเช่นนี้เป็นผลจากความกังวลที่มีต่อสถานะความเป็นชาติของสยามท่ามกลางกระแสการไหลบ่าของอิทธิพลจากต่างชาติ ทั้งจากชาติตะวันตกที่เข้ามาล่าอาณานิคมในเอเชียตะวันออกเฉียงใต้ และจากชาวจีนโพ้นทะเลที่เข้ามาอาศัยอยู่ในสยาม และเผยให้เห็นบทบาทของการแปลในการเป็นเครื่องมือขับเคลื่อนอุดมการณ์ โดยสอดคล้องกับบริบททางสังคมและการเมืองในสมัยดังกล่าว
Health risk assessment of Burmese related to heavy metal contamination in ginger from local markets in Myanmar and Thailand
Authors:   , Ko May
Published: May 2024

Heavy metals are naturally present in the soil, but geologic and anthropogenic activities raise their concentrations to harmful levels for both plants and animals. This study aims 1) to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (As, Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pb) in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) from the wholesale markets of Bangkok, Thailand, and from Yangon, Myanmar, and 2) to access cancer and noncancer risks of Burmese related to the consumption of heavy metal contaminated ginger. The online questionnaire was used to collect personal information and consumption rate. ICP-MS was used to investigate As, Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr, and Pb contaminations in ginger. Most of the heavy metals in ginger from Bangkok and Yangon were lower than the WHO permissible limits, except for Pb in the ginger of Bangkok, As and Pb in the ginger of Yangon were exceeded. The average consumption rate of ginger in Bangkok was 44.08± 6.54 g/day, and 44.61± 7.91 g/day in Yangon. The health risk assessment results showed the average hazard quotient (HQs) of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb were 0.0166, 0.0038, 0.0322, 0.0265, 0.0080, and 0.0211 respectively, the hazard index (HI) was 0.1082, indicating acceptable risks for non-cancer for Thailand. Regarding Yangon, Myanmar, the HQs of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb were 0.1228, 0.0003, 0.0724, 0.0196, 0.0078, and 0.0311 respectively, the HI was 0.2552. However, the cancer risk (CR) of As, Cd, and Pb were 0.810×10-6, 0.157 x 10-6, and 0.068 ×10-6 for Bangkok, and were 18.449 ×10-6, 0.038 ×10-6, and 0.309 ×10-6 for Yangon respectively. The total carcinogenic risk (TCR) of As, Cd, and Pb was 1.035×10-6 in Bangkok, and 18.796×10-6 in Yangon. Both were higher than the acceptable level of 1×10-6. In conclusion, the heavy metal concentrations in ginger from Myanmar were higher than in ginger from Thailand, besides, Burmese living in Myanmar have greater lifetime cancer risks related to ginger consumption than Burmese living in Thailand.
Applications of remote sensing and geographic information system on salinity assessment: a case study on Bang Pakong River, Thailand
Authors:   , Mon Min
Published: May 2024

The Bang Pakong River (BPK) has an annual salinity issue. The river is an important source of freshwater supply in the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) of Thailand, which has major agricultural and industrial activities. This research aims to understand and assess the past and future salinity distribution in the BPK River by using remote sensing and time series forecasting through water quality and Landsat image time series data. Regarding to remote sensing, this research employs four machine learning algorithms—multilinear regression, decision trees, random forest, and artificial neural networks—by applying reflectance bands of satellite images and measured salinity values. Random forest is the best model with higher R2 and lower RMSE in both original and bootstrapped data, indicating the model of choice for salinity study. It is also noted that the salinity increases annually which is evident from the time sequence salinity maps, in particular, the downstream part has more prominent salinity changes, especially to BPK9.5 (Mueang Chachoengsao District). Compared to two Time Series Analysis—Seasonal Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) and Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Network (NARNET) Model, in which SARIMA model can predict the salinity with lower RMSE. Based on the forecasted salinity values of SARIMA, maximum and minimum salinity of downstream part in February 2024 is 63.57 - 14.01 dS/m, while in the upstream part, the range of 16.94 - 1.44 dS/m is observed. As regard to climate factors, precipitation and the salinity have the inverse relationship with -0.17 of Pearson correlation coefficient. In addition, temperatures of both water and atmosphere have fair correlations: 0.22 (air) and 0.1 (water) with salinity. However, the water level has no relationship with the salinity, in which Pearson correlation value is 0.01 with EC and -0.02 with TDS respectively. Moreover, the suggestions for salinity prevention are discussed in two main parts: (a) Capability within the local community and administrative body and (b) Capability at the national level.
Policy implications of urban greening to sustainable gentrification: a case study of Quezon city, Philippines
Authors:   , Castro Joachim
Published: May 2024

Rapid urbanization entails a number of urban problems that need to be confronted. There is a call to utilize urban spaces while observing the pillars of sustainability wherein the harmony among aspects such as economic, social, and environmental must be achieved. Urban greening, a tool for urban planning is one of the solutions being seen by different stakeholders globally in addressing urban problems. However, in the process of urban development, gentrification, an unchecked phenomenon arises. The movement of middle class people to either developed or redeveloped urban areas can possibly entail social issues such as displacement and exclusivity of urban projects. In this regard, urban policies play a huge role in achieving sustainable cities. Having Quezon City, Philippines as the study area, this research looks at the possible relationship between urban greening and green gentrification, a kind of gentrification that is triggered by green initiatives. This study uses a mixed-method approach to further understand the relationship between urban greening and green gentrification. Quantitative data are derived from questionnaire while qualitative data are derived from in-depth interviews and policy study. Modes and percentages are used to analyze quantitative data while content analysis is used to derive qualitative data. Research results from various tools mentioned are cross-examined through data triangulation deriving the following research findings: Friction between Social and Economic Development, Manifestation of Urban Greening Policies in the Case Study Area, Infusion of Sustainable Considerations, and Indication of Certain Trade-offs in the Process of Urban Development as the Phenomena of Gentrification, Green Gentrification, and Urban Greening Coincide. Since the process of gentrification amidst urbanization is something that cannot be easily halted in this period of time, a number of policy recommendations are provided in this study trying to look at the possibility of seeing gentrification in a sustainable manner, hence sustainable gentrification.
การปรับตัวและการต่อรองของชุมชนชาติพันธุ์ต่อนโยบายการจัดการทรัพยากรธรรมชาติโดยรัฐ : กรณีศึกษาชุมชนบ้านกลาง และชุมชนบ้านแม่ฮ่าง จังหวัดลำปาง
Authors:   , วงศ์ษานิติ วัชรารินทร์
Published: May 2024

งานวิจัยนี้เป็นงานศึกษาเชิงคุณภาพ โดยมีวัตถุประสงค์ คือ ศึกษาการปรับตัวและการต่อรองของชุมชนชาติพันธุ์ต่อนโยบายการจัดการทรัพยากรธรรมชาติโดยรัฐ กรณีศึกษา คือ ชุมชนกะเหรี่ยงโปว์บ้านกลาง อำเภอแม่เมาะ และชุมชนปกาเกอะญอ - อาข่าบ้านแม่ฮ่าง อำเภองาว จังหวัดลำปาง ผู้วิจัยสัมภาษณ์ชาวบ้านในชุมชนบ้านกลาง อำเภอแม่เมาะ จำนวน 20 คน และชาวบ้านชุมชนบ้านแม่ฮ่าง อำเภองาว จำนวน 20 คน อีกทั้งผู้แทนหน่วยงานและผู้ที่มีส่วนเกี่ยวข้องกับชุมชนบ้านกลาง อำเภอแม่เมาะ และชุมชนบ้านแม่ฮ่างอำเภองาว จังหวัดลำปาง ที่มีความเห็นต่อการปรับตัวและการต่อรองของชุมชนบ้านกลาง และชุมชนบ้านแม่ฮ่างจำนวน 7 คน รวมจำนวนผู้ให้สัมภาษณ์ทั้งหมด 47 คน

       จากงานศึกษา พบว่า นโยบายการจัดการทรัพยากรธรรมชาติของรัฐ เช่น นโยบายทวงคืนผืนป่า การจัดการที่ดินทำกินตามนโยบายรัฐบาล (คทช.) เป็นปัจจัยสำคัญที่ทำให้ชุมชนบ้านกลางและชุมชนบ้านแม่ฮ่างได้รับผลกระทบ การสูญเสียที่ดินทำกิน การสูญเสียวิถีไร่หมุนเวียนที่มาแต่เดิม และถูกห้ามเก็บของป่า ซึ่งผลกระทบที่ชุมชนได้รับนำมาสู่การปรับตัวและการต่อรอง ซึ่งผลการวิจัยพบว่า การปรับตัวของชุมชนบ้านกลางและชุมชนบ้านแม่ฮ่างมีทั้งที่เป็นไปในลักษณะคล้ายคลึงกันและแตกต่างกัน การปรับตัวที่คล้ายคลึงกัน คือ การลดจำนวนปีของไร่หมุนเวียน และการลดพื้นที่แปลง หรือเลิกการทำไร่หมุนเวียน แต่ความแตกต่างคือชุมชนบ้านกลางยังคงยืนหยัดทำไร่หมุนเวียนอยู่แม้จะต้องปรับรูปแบบและรอบเวลา ในขณะที่ชุมชนบ้านแม่ฮ่างหันมาปลูกพืชเกษตรกรรมผสมผสานและนำการท่องเที่ยวมาเป็นแหล่งรายได้เสริม แต่ทั้งสองชุมชนไม่สามารถเข้าไปเก็บของป่าได้ดังเดิม และไม่สามารถดำรงชีวิตแบบเดิมได้อีกแล้วจึงนำมาสู่การต่อรองของชุมชนทั้งสอง ประกอบด้วยการเคลื่อนไหวการชุมนุม การจัดทำข้อมูลชุมชน การจัดการทรัพยากรของชุมชน ซึ่งการต่อรองเหล่านี้เป็นการเรียกร้องสิทธิของชุมชน และแสดงให้เห็นถึงการยืนหยัดต่อสู้ ในการรักษาอัตลักษณ์และวัฒนธรรมของตนเองที่ชุมชนพิสูจน์ได้ว่าคนสามารถอยู่ร่วมกับป่าได้อย่างสมดุล ผลที่เกิดขึ้นของชุมชนหลังจากการปรับตัวและการต่อรองของชุมชน รัฐได้มีการจัดการทรัพยากรผ่านกลไกของกฎหมายหรือนโยบายที่เกี่ยวข้องกับโดยเพิ่มบทบาทของรัฐในการจัดการทรัพยากรมากขึ้น ส่งผลให้ชุมชนมีบทบาทและอำนาจในการเข้าถึงทรัพยากรธรรมลดลง ทำให้ชุมชนยังไม่มีความมั่นคงในถิ่นที่อยู่อาศัยและที่ทำกิน อีกทั้งขาดกระบวนการมีส่วนร่วมการจัดการทรัพยากรธรรมชาติกับรัฐจึงเกิดการเรียกร้องให้มีการจัดที่ดินทำกินให้กับชุมชนในรูปแบบโฉนดชุมชน และกระจายอำนาจการจัดการทรัพยากรสู่ชุมชนและองค์กรปกครองส่วนท้องถิ่น (อปท.) ส่งผลให้พื้นที่บางส่วนของชุมชนบ้านกลางและชุมชนบ้านแม่ฮ่างได้รับการกันออกจากพื้นที่เตรียมการประกาศอุทยานแห่งชาติถ้ำผาไท แต่ยังมีพื้นที่ส่วนใหญ่ที่ยังอยู่ในพื้นที่เตรียมการประกาศอุทยานแห่งชาติถ้ำผาไท โดยอยู่ในขั้นตอนการตรวจสอบสิทธิ์เป็นลำดับไป
The popularity of Thai Y Series in Japan
Authors:   , Yamamoto Taiki
Published: May 2024

The burgeoning popularity of the Thai Y series within Japan presents a captivating case study of cultural diffusion and media influence in the contemporary era. This paper explores the underlying dynamics behind this phenomenon, focusing on the interplay between social media's role in content propagation, the narrative appeal of the series to Japanese audiences, and the unique charm of Thai actors that captivates the same demographic. The research employs a multifaceted approach which incorporates examination of key media platforms, storytelling analysis, interview, and analysis of actors’ appeal. The findings reveal insights into the cultural, and social impact of the Thai Y series in Japan, highlighting the broader implications of entertainment globalization and cross-cultural exchanges. This study not only sheds light on the factors driving the series' popularity but also paves the way for future inquiries into the evolving landscape of international media consumption.
The role of STAT4 transcription factor in purified human Dendritic cells treated with interferon-beta, an autoimmune disease model
Authors:   , Phonboon Terdkiat
Published: May 2024

STAT4 (Signal Transducer Activator of Transcription factor 4) polymorphisms are risk factors contributing to autoimmune disease. While STAT4 is dominant in promoting interferon-γ in T lymphocytes and NK cells, its existence and function in dendritic cells (DCs) are still absent. To characterize the STAT4 in human DCs, we isolated dendritic cells from buffy coat of healthy blood donors (n = 6). The dendritic cells are enriched and specifically sorted into 3 subtypes including plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs, CD123+), CD8+ priming dendritic cells (cDC1, CLEC9A+), and CD4+ priming dendritic cells (cDC2/3, CD1c+) using magnetic separation and flow cytometry. By quantitative PCR and western blotting, the presence of STAT4 gene expression as well as phosphorylated STAT4 was determined in both IFN-β-induced dendritic cell maturation and immature dendritic cells ex vivo. In addition, we study the role of STAT4 by performing lisofylline inhibition and cytokine secretion. Regarding our analysis, the percentages of each dendritic cell subset are 0.07% for pDC, 0.04% for cDC1, and 0.31% for cDC2/3 in healthy blood donors. The IFN-β-enhanced STAT4 expression and phosphorylated STAT4 were prominent in mature dendritic cells, especially in cDC2/3, but not in pDC and cDC1 (p-value < 0.01). As cDC1 and cDC2/3 are responsible for T-cell priming, this indicated that IFN-β-induced STAT4 might be crucial in regulating dendritic cells producing IFN-γ. In addition, STAT4 and pSTAT4 were not inhibited by lisofylline pretreatment. Lastly, we found that the secretion of IFN-α2 was increased in cDC2/3 after IFN-β stimulation. Our study highlights the significance of STAT4 in dendritic cells which might be involved in the IFN-mediated autoimmune diseases.
An investigation into the substitutions of English articles by L1 Chinese learners
Authors:   , Huang Yuhan
Published: May 2024

The English article system is a challenge for English second language learners, especially for learners whose language background is an articleless language. The objectives of the present study were to investigate L1 Chinese learners' problems of English article substitutions and find out possible causes of L1 Chinese learners' English article substitutions. It was hypothesized that L1 Chinese learners had problems of English article substitutions and that, based on Error Analysis, both non-existence of articles and complexity of the English article system caused English article substitutions by L1 Chinese learners. The participants in the study consisted of 60 speakers of Mandarin Chinese who majored in English at Southwest Minzu University in China. They were equally divided into an intermediate and an advanced group according to their English proficiency levels. Based on the three nominal contexts in the English article system, i.e., the [+def, +spec] context, the [-def, +spec] context, and the [-def, -spec] context (Ionin et al., 2004), data were collected from a Fill-in-the-Blank Test, a Grammaticality Judgment Task (GJT), and an interview. The Fill-in-the-Blank Test and the GJT focused on learners' English article production and perception, respectively. Results from the tasks showed that both the intermediate learners and the advanced learners had problems of English article substitutions in all the three nominal contexts, confirming the first hypothesis. Based on Error Analysis, the results were caused by both interlingual and intralingual factors. For the interlingual factor, as articles are non-existent in Chinese, it could be problematic for the Chinese learners to acquire the English article system. For the intralingual factors, the L1 Chinese learners' English article substitutions were caused by the complexity of English articles as well as false concepts hypothesized. Hypothesis 2 was therefore supported. The findings of the study made a contribution to Second Language Acquisition and also provided theoretical and pedagogical implications.
Pengaruh Ukuran Jendela Ketetanggaan (Window) Terhadap Hasil Redukasi Noise pada Metode Median Filter dan Gaussian Filter
Authors: Tatuin Maria Grasela , Kelen Yoseph P.K , Manek Seprianus Septian
Published: May 2024

Pada era sekarang, pengolahan citra merupakan bidang yang berkembangpesat dan banyak diterapkan pada berbagai ilmu pengetahuan. Pengolahan citra didefinisikan sebagai suatu proses pengolahan citra atau gambaran. untuk menghasilkan citra yang lebih tinggi kualitasnya, dalam arti lebih jelas menampilkan informasi yang diharapkan. Gambar  yang  kita miliki terkadang mempunyai kualitas yang kurang baik atau memiliki gangguan, sepertigangguan berupa  distorsi cahaya, noise atau derau, maupun gangguan lainnya yang menyebabkan objek dalam citra menjadi kurang jelas atau pun kabur. Gangguan yang sering terjadi atau mucul berupa noise atau derau, jenis Noise yang paling sering merusak citra adalah salt and pepper (noise impluse). Untuk  mengatasi hal seperti ini, maka dilakukan proses filtering dengan menggunakan metode median filter 3x3, 5x5, 7x7 dan metode gaussian filter dengan standar deviasi 1, 1,0, dan 0,5. Secara teoritis mengenai metode yang digunakan yakni menginput citra atau gambar setelah mengkonversi RGB ke Grayscale, menambahkan noise ke citra grayscale, menyimpan citra dengan noise dilanjutkan dengan proses noise filtering dengan menggunakan median dan gaussian filter. Hasil dari pengujian median filter dan gaussian filter dengan menggunakan parameter MSE dan PSNR bahwa rata-rata nilai MSE dan PSNR yang memiliki nilai tertinggi maka citra hasil dapat dikatakan bagus dan mirip dengan citra aslinya. Dari 5 gambar uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam kasus ini metode median filter lebih baik dari pada gaussian filter dalam perbaikan kualitas gambar atau citra dengan jenis noise salt and pepper.