bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel diamine non-aqueous absorbent based on N-methyl diethanolamine regulation for energy-efficient CO2 capture
Authors: Wang Zhen , Han Zhitao , Yang Xiao , Zhou Zelu , Wu Xi , Zhou Song , Lu Shijian
Published: November 2023

The introduction of MDEA into the non-aqueous absorbent MEA/PEG200 can significantly reduce the desorption reaction heat and improve CO2 desorption efficiency.
Engineering anomalous elastic properties of coordination polymers and their amorphization by employing flexible linkers
Authors: Półrolniczak Aleksandra , Sobczak Szymon , Katrusiak Andrzej
Published: November 2023

Mechano-elastic properties of polymeric frameworks depend on discrete changes between hexanediamine conformers. Their transformations induced by external stimuli include an unusual linear compression, ferroelastic transitions or amorphization.
The role of universities in realizing sustainability: Analysis of UI GreenMetric contributions and publications related to sustainability
Authors: Sari Riri Fitri , Sidiyanto Yogi Andrian , Windiatmaja Jauzak Hussaini
Published: November 2023

This paper discusses how UI GreenMetric and sustainability publications interact to strengthen universities’ contributions to global sustainability. It examines data from six universities, including Wageningen University & Research (Netherlands), Universitas Indonesia (Indonesia), Universitas Diponegoro (Indonesia), University of Malaya (Malaysia), Universitas Airlangga (Indonesia), and Universitas Negeri Surabaya (Indonesia), linking UI GreenMetric rankings with sustainability-related publications. Results in the 2022 UI GreenMetric Rankings show that Wageningen University & Research secured the top position, with an average of 2395 sustainability-related publications in the last three years and 3221 publications from Elsevier. Universitas Indonesia has 4725 total publications from Elsevier and 1525 publications related to sustainability from UI GreenMetric data. Other universities, such as Universitas Diponegoro, University of Malaya, Universitas Airlangga, and Universitas Negeri Surabaya, also showcased their commitment to sustainability through their publication records. This study concludes that higher-ranked universities tend to produce more sustainability-focused publications, indicating a positive relationship between sustainability commitment and research impact. Institutions with elevated UI GreenMetric rankings consistently prioritize sustainability, increasing research productivity in this field.
Sustainable campuses: Building self-efficacy among academic, staff, and students of Green Office Model
Authors: Nuphanudin Nuphanudin , Wardani Helda Kusuma , Sumantri Asep Iwa , Roesminingsih Erny , Cahyandaru Pramudya , Salamah Umi
Published: November 2023

The goal of this study is to draw attention to the critical value of self-efficacy strategies, particularly the Green Office (GO) Model, which aims to improve collaboration among all stakeholders in higher education communities and serves as an example of what a campus sustainability office might entail. A two-step technique guides the research that is presented. To better understand the forces and obstacles preventing the institutionalization of GOs, first the features and similarities of currently existing GOs were examined. Based on this, a peer-to-peer digital training program was created and put to the test with the goal of giving students, employees, and academics the knowledge and abilities they need to start new sustainability offices and enhance the operations of those that already exist. The lack of adaptation of foreign experiences to different university environments, the absence of educational programs, and the scope of public relations were found to be the three key barriers to the spread of the GO model. The results demonstrate that GO offers a reproducible methodology that may be scaled internationally and modified for use in various university situations. The availability and capacity to obtain information from the actors at the sampled colleges outside of the immediate GO community have placed restrictions on this research.
Design and analysis of heat transfer on a customized eco-print batik steamer with automatic temperature and time control using Computer Fluid Dynamic (CFD)
Authors: Sari Handini Novita , Mahmud Rizal , Susanti Nur Aini , Rahayu Imami Arum Tri , Umaroh Susi Tri , Budijono Agung Prijo
Published: November 2023

The process of making eco-print batik carried out by eco-print batik industry players still uses conventional methods with steaming pans. The conventional method used has a quite crucial impact on the equipment used, the bottom of the pan is susceptible to damage because it is used continuously for quite a long time. To overcome this problem, a steamer design will be created specifically for eco-print batik using Solid Work software. Following the completion of the design, this research investigates how the heat transfer process occurs, the circumstances of the heat flux created, and the temperature during the heating process using computer fluid dynamics (CFD) with simulation methods as an approach to real conditions. Observations were made in 300s, 600s, 900s, 1200s. The steamer material employed in this simulation is stainless steel 304, and the simulation results show that the steamer’s heating temperature is. Based on the simulation results of high pressure in closed system conditions and the influence of materials with good thermal conductivity on the steamer, which have an impact on increasing temperature and heat flux during the process, through these considerations, the steamer is designed to be equipped with temperature control and a safety valve which functions to release pressure. steam when excessive. In this way, the steamer will be more effective and efficient in terms of time, heating, and the quality of the batik results that will be produced later when compared to the pan used previously.
The effect of using a fried rice machine on product effectiveness and productivity
Authors: Sutiadiningsih Any , Dewi Ila Huda Puspita , Fahmi Hafizhuddin Zul , Kurniawan Wahyu Dwi , Ma’arof Muhammad Izzat Nor
Published: November 2023

In general, fried rice is a dish that is popular with the public, conventionally prepared using a set of conventional equipment with problems: (1) its operation requires a lot of physical effort, is tiring and sweaty, not intensive, (2) the equipment is relatively unhygienic, the quality of the results is less stable. The SEGORO fried rice-making machine is the solution to this problem. The SEGORO fried rice unit consists of: a set of heaters with gas energy, equipped with an electric fire starter, a 12 Volt DC motor that drives the stirrer and rotates the Wok, equipped with a relevant wok, equipped with a gas handle valve. Analysis results: (1) one processing batch for 15-20 portions; (2) processing time from 12 minutes to 7 minutes, productivity increased up to 2x; (3) conventionally workers work tiringly and produce a lot of sweat. ‘SEGORO’ fried rice machine, equipped with an electric stirrer motor and Wok turning motor does not require high physical effort, and is not tiring. In conclusion, the Segoro fried rice machine uses little electricity, low voltage, saves gas and physical energy, its operation is driven by a stirrer motor, and is equipped with a wok turning motor whose speed can be adjusted. The Segoro fried rice machine is made from stainless steel 304, it is more hygienic and meets food-grade standards, and the quality of the processed product is more stable.
Development of pneumatic shoe press machine with integrated real-time cloud database system for SMEs footwear productivity
Authors: Kholis Nur , Yunus  , Pambudi Rizdana Galih , Widhikdho Ade Priyo , Wibowo Theodorus Wiyanto
Published: November 2023

Abstract. This innovative effort focused on advancements in the shoe-making process by introducing a state-of-the-art pneumatic shoe press integrated with a real-time cloud database system tailored to the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This research aims to design and engineer a state-of-the-art pneumatic shoe press capable of printing complex designs on leather footwear. This machine can collect, send, and store production data in a cloud-based database, so as to monitor and analyze their manufacturing operations in real-time. The research methodology utilizes a structured approach from the design, manufacturing, assembly, operational testing, performance evaluation, and data analysis stages. The application of a pneumatic shoe press integrated with a real-time cloud database system provides various benefits for SMEs in the footwear industry. The system’s advantage lies in the use of a real-time cloud database that allows SMEs to gain immediate access to production data. The machine is capable of printing complex designs with high precision in one minute per pair of shoes. The product quality is good, so it can meet the standards of the shoe industry. This research successfully developed a pneumatic shoe press integrated with a real-time cloud database system, which can improve the productivity and quality of SMEs in the shoe industry. This technological innovation simplifies the manufacturing process, ensures the best product quality, and provides real-time production data.
The efficiency improvement of the shoe polishing machine for SMEs footwear industry
Authors: Arsana I. Made , Kholis Nur , Nugroho Yuli Sutoto , Wibowo Theodorus Wiyanto , Saputra Catur Surya
Published: November 2023

The Shoe Polishing Machine has become an essential device in household and commercial environments to restore shine and extend the life of shoes while saving time and effort. The machine is equipped with a soft brush and polish dispenser, providing an efficient and convenient way to revitalize shoes without the need for manual polishing. Various types of shoe materials such as leather, synthetics, and suede can be treated with this machine, which comes with adjustable shine and polish intensity settings. The advantages of the Shoe Polishing Machine include saving time and effort, suitable for use in hotels, airports, and shoe shops. It also improves hygiene by reducing the spread of polish residue and germs common with manual polishing. The safety of Shoe Polishing Machine users is also a priority with the built-in safety mechanism. Maintenance is easy, making the machine reliable in the long run. Overall, the Shoe Polishing Machine is essential for maintaining the appearance and quality of shoes. With its automatic operation, versatility, and convenience, it is a valuable asset in personal and commercial shoe care. This machine can be used as an efficient and effective solution to achieve flawlessly shiny shoes.
Automatic shoe drying oven integrated with Raspberry Pi Cloud system for advanced footwear industry
Authors: Yunus  , Widhikdho Ade Priyo , Ramadhani Ali Hasbi , Anshari Bima
Published: November 2023

The drying oven functions to reduce the moisture content of raw materials until it reaches a certain moisture content to slow the rate of product damage due to biological and chemical activity. This research aims to design an automatic shoe-drying oven equipped with an LCD screen, exhaust fan, 8-level shelf, and electric heating temperature controller to provide maximum and even heating of leather shoes when gluing and drying leather shoes. Raspberry PI aims to combine and collect production process data in cloud storage in the form of a database, which will then be sent and displayed directly to the operator. The research methodology includes design, manufacturing, assembly, operational testing, performance testing, and evaluation stages. It can be concluded that the research results and progress reports include: (1) The design of the work system and mechanical system for the shoe drying oven can work well. (2) The Raspberry PI Cloud system can collect and display actual drying time data, (3) glue drying temperature of 60°C with a drying time of ±5 minutes, (4) skin heating temperature (texture creation) of 50°C-55°C requires warm-up time ±40 minutes, (5) This machine requires 850 watts of power.
Use of Linamarase-producing Lactic Acid Bacteria and Yeast in the Production of Modified Cassava Flour from High Cyanide Cassava
Authors: Dyah Hapsari Rianti , Hartati N. Sri
Published: November 2023

Direct processing of high cyanide cassava to flour without fermentation may result in a high total cyanide level that violates food safety regulations. In this study, dry starters of linamarase-producing lactic acid bacteria and yeast, i.e., Enterococcus faecium and a mix of Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus paracasei, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were used to ferment cassava (Bintang Wain genotype) and produce modified cassava flour (mocaf). In addition, mocaf made by adding commercial starter and beta-glucosidase were also compared. The fermentation trials were conducted twice, with a different starter dose used. This research finding shows that the use of linamarase-producing microbes to process the high cyanide cassava resulted in low cyanide mocaf that will help the local community in Eastern Indonesia to improve the potential use of the bitter cassava. The cyanide contents were reduced from 325.1 ppm in fresh cassava to 21.3±5.0, 22.3±0.2, 26.1±7.6, and 26.9±2.8 ppm in the produced mocaf, which were fermented for 17 h with mixed microorganisms, Enterococcus faecium, and commercial mocaf starters, and betaglucosidase, respectively. Raising the dosages in the second trial further reduced the total cyanide contents from 300 ppm in fresh cassava to 18.6±0.7, 16.5±3.2, 21.4±5.2, and 20.9±3.4 ppm in the produced mocaf.
Identification of Parasites on Fish Consumption at Several Fish Markets in Bogor City
Authors: Barunawati Siagian Tetty , Tiuria Risa , Yefta Herbeth Siagian Gary
Published: November 2023

This study aims to identify the types of parasites in fish consumed in several fish markets in Bogor City. This study used 100 consumption fish which included goldfish, tilapia, catfish, and mujahir fish. Sampling Fish were taken randomly at 5 fish markets in Bogor City, namely Gunung Batu Market, Pajajaran Market, Merdeka Market, Bogor Market, and Yasmin Market. Samples of fish organs examined were gills, fins and digestive organs (intestines). The examination results showed that the prevalence of consumption fish infected with parasites was 22% and included in the “Often” category. The highest prevalence of parasite infection was at Gunung Batu Market and Merdeka Market with a prevalence of 30% each. The types of parasites found were cestode worms namely Ligula intestinalis and Trematoda sub class Monogea namely Dactylogyrus sp and Gyrodactylus sp. Ligula intestinalis infects goldfish. Dactylogyrus sp and Gyrodactylus sp infected goldfish and mujair fish. Parasite infections in consuming fish at the Bogor City Fish Market are caused by dense fish density, poor water quality, optimal temperature for parasites and stress factors.
Productivity and Nutrient Quality of Elephant Grass, Pakchong Grass, Red Navier Grass and Odot Grass as a Source of Animal Feed
Authors: Hakim Annisa , Fit Rayani Tera , Firmansyah Dudi , Sulasih Sulasih
Published: November 2023

Feed is the primary need of the livestock business world; in intensive livestock farming, the cost of feed reaches around 70% of the total production cost, so the price of feed ingredients determines the cost of production. The main feed source of ruminants is forage, and, therefore, the productivity of ruminants depends very much on the availability of good fodder ingredients and a guarantee of quality. The goal of this research was to examine the productivity and nutritional quality of elephant grass, pakchong, red napier, and odot as livestock feed that may be grown in Indonesia. The observed data were analyzed descriptively. The results show that pakcong grass has the highest plant height and greater productivity compared to others. Odot grass has better nutritional quality based on crude protein and crude fiber content compared to others. Red napier grass, pakcong grass, elephant grass, and odot grass are forages that have the potential to be used as a source of feed ingredients for livestock in Indonesia.
Knowledge Level Mapping Seed Production Techniques of Forestry Plantations Based on Pretest and Posttest Values
Authors: Dahliani Lili , Puji Mumpuni Restu
Published: November 2023

The study aimed to find out the level of knowledge of seed production of forestry plantation crops at the beginning of lectures (pretest) and at the end of classes (posttest) for TIB Bogor and Sukabumi campus students to compare the pretest and posttest scores for these students as well as posttest scores between TIB campus students Bogor with TIB Sukabumi campus students. The research method used as a statistical test tool for the research data used to achieve the research objectives is the paired t-test, the Wilcoxon signed rank test, as the normality assumption test. The results showed an increase in the knowledge of TIB Bogor students during lectures based on the results of the pretest assessment compared to the posttest. Nearly 100% of the student’s understanding of seed production techniques for forestry plantation crops increased. In contrast to TIB Sukabumi students, the average posttest score of IPB Sukabumi vocational students was significantly higher than that of pretest me. This matter shows that lectures on seed production techniques for plantation and forestry plants still need to provide strong evidence of increasing knowledge about this for TIB Sukabumi students. So, it is necessary to do further research related to the factors that influence the lecture process. The average score of IPB Bogor students is higher than that of Sukabumi. It is suspected that there are differences in the factors that influence the attainment of this level of knowledge, such as differences in educational background, teaching quality, or student characteristics on both campuses.
Measuring the Customer Satisfaction to Improve the Product Quality of Premium Seeds Produced by Bintang Asia based on the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) dan Importance Performance Analysis (IPA)
Authors: Sulistiyono Slamet , Muksin  , Iskandar Ridwan
Published: November 2023

Service quality improvement is essential to obtain positive feedback from customers. This study measured the level of customer satisfaction with the quality of superior seed Bintang Asia products based on CSI (customer satisfaction index) and IPA (importance-performance analysis) methods. This study also identified the attributes that should be maintained, improved and reduced to gain higher customer satisfaction with Bintang Asia superior quality seed products using IPA (Importance Performance Analysis) analysis. This quantitative descriptive study employed a survey method, where consumers were sent links to a customer satisfaction survey through WhatsApp. Customer satisfaction was measured based on five dimensions of SERVQUAL expressed in a Likert scale. The data were then analyzed to determine the customer satisfaction index (CSI) on the SPSS program. The customer satisfaction index scored 82.35% (Good), where its dimensions, namely Tangile, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy, scored 83.81% (Good), 81.11% (Good), 79.24% (Borderline), 84.76% (Very Good), and 82.87% (Good) respectively. Based on the importance-performance analysis (IPA) method, the customer satisfaction level identified 27 user attributes/indicators in quadrant B/II, indicating that PT. Benih Citra Asia needs to maintain customer satisfaction.
Kitten Temperature Monitoring System Using Blynk IoT Application-Based Thermal Camera
Authors: Endah Anggraeni Henny , Setiawan Aep , Irawan Suhendi , Vibowo Heryudianto , Irwan Suparno Dodi
Published: November 2023

Kitten Temperature Monitoring System Using a Thermal Camera with the IoT-Based Blynk Application is intended for kitten caregivers to be able to monitor in real time via a smartphone. An incubator is valuable when a kitten cannot maintain its body temperature within the normal range. The temperature measurement system uses the AMG8833 thermal camera, which can detect a kitten’s temperature based on the optimal distance (5-15 cm). Each detected temperature result will be displayed in digital form on the LCD20x4. The test was carried out by comparing the temperature detection performance of the AMG8833 thermal camera system that was tested with a standard infrared IR sensor. The test results show that this system has a difference between the AMG8833 thermal camera system tested and the standard IR sensor of 3.5 oC.
Implementation of Good University Governance: Top Management Support and State University Performance
Authors: Cahyana Agus , Tanjung Dahri , Khairi Inayah Syahwani Asty
Published: November 2023

The implementation of the process of achieving good university governance carried out at state universities in managing academic and nonacademic domains involves the support of top management and university performance. This study investigates the impact of the implementation of good university governance, top management support, and the performance of State Universities in Indonesia with data processing and analysis using PLS Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of the study illustrate that the implementation of good university governance has a positive and significant effect on top management support, the implementation of good university governance has a positive and significant effect on university performance, and top management support has no effect on university performance. Efforts need to be increased on the dimensions of stakeholder participation, adequacy of resources (financial, infrastructure, information systems), and the internal processes of higher education.
Reconnecting the rural periphery and indigenous sago culture through tourism
Authors: Trisia Marlisa Ayu , Azhar Aidil , Ehara Hiroshi
Published: November 2023

Appreciation of cultural practices related to sago by indigenous peoples in the framework of rural development in Indonesia is still very limited. Rural development is currently based more on a modernization approach that focuses on economic growth with outsider control that results in massive industrial development without considering the conditions of the region, socio-culture, and the environment, including the neglect of indigenous peoples. This paper aims to critique the sago-based rural development approach and provide perspective on how indigenous tourism can be an alternative in supporting rural development by focusing on sustainable pillars and, at the same time, restoring lost connections through indigenous ways.
Application of the CART Method to Determine the Amount of Credit Limit in KIS Syariah Cooperatives
Authors: Fatma Ginoga Lesia , Khairi Inayah Syahwani Asty , Tanjung Dahri , Jayeng Ramadhanti Resti , Siregar Dona , Rosyanti Novi
Published: November 2023

For the purpose of giving credit, financial institutions conduct analysis. The credit limit must be changed based on the customer’s capacity to pay. A crucial task that must be completed is determining the limit by looking at a lot of factors, particularly the financial one, which includes cooperatives that provide microloans. One of them, Koperasi Simpan Pinjam dan Pembiayaan Syariah Kebajikan Ikamatabagsel Sejahtera (KSPPS KIS), does not strictly rely the determination of the credit limit on analysis, which causes credit issues to continue to arise. The percentage of cooperative consumers with the biggest current credit status has a minimum limit of IDR 2,200,000, with a duration of less than 50 weeks, according to the findings of an analysis utilizing the CART method and data from 173 customers of the KIS Cooperative. This section serves as a gauge for the credit limit’s size at the time of analysis. This demonstrates that a time of less than 50 weeks will result in a lower level of non-current credit status than a period of more than 50 weeks and other variables such as the ratio of expenses, the value of costs, and income. Future studies should be able to include more variables that cooperatives can evaluate when deciding credit limits.
The web-based Accounting Information System at KUD Giri Tani Bogor uses the Prototype Method
Authors: Parasti Mindara Gema , Merdekawati Eka , Wicaksono Aditya , Fatma Ginoga Lesia , Nurdialy Mela
Published: November 2023

KUD Giri Tani Bogor is the largest dairy cooperative in Bogor. In carrying out financial records, it is done using Ms. Excel. The weakness of the financial recording process like this is when there are scattered paper invoices and late entries to Ms. Excel. If this happens, making financial statements are delayed and takes time in decision-making. Based on these problems, KUD Giri Tani needs system information to assist them in accelerating the financial recording process that is easily accessible and monitored by KUD management. SIGITA (Giri Tani Accounting Information System) is a business solution to overcome financial determination problems, such as generating profit and losses. SIGITA is a web-based information system that has several features, such as recording income from the sale of milk, dairy products, and animal feed, routine expenses, viewing and downloading income and expenditure data, see profit or loss, validating in each period, enter milk prices according to with milk quality, enter feedstock, view income, and expenditure journals. SIGITA was developed using the Prototype method. The design and writing of program code uses an OOP approach and uses CodeIgniter with a database using MySQL.
Implementation of Business Profit Planning Cost of Production and Cost Volume Profit Analysis in Small and Medium Enterprises at ABC Bakery
Authors: Hidayati Aulia , Pratiwi Ratih , Ayu Azzahra Bilqis
Published: November 2023

Implementing family cooperative-based Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) activities in Indonesia is one of the priorities in sustainable national economic development. ABC Bakery SMEs also carries out this activity, which produces donut products. The implementation of operating profit planning in cost of production, which was applied during field research, aims to make ABC Bakery SMEs financial planning able to generate healthy profits without excessive worries about the condition of wheat stocks and the demand for sales of donuts in the market which has decreased and resulted in losses. The study’s results obtained the calculation of the Cost of Production (HPP), resulting in a unit price of IDR 2,018. In the second stage, the researcher carried out BEP calculations with the results of the number of donuts that had to be sold, namely 18 units of chocolate sprinkle donuts and nine units of cheese donuts. The BEP calculation is then followed by an analysis of the calculation of profit so that it can cover production costs, so the profit target that must be obtained is IDR 100,000 per day, with ABC Bakery SMEs having to sell 41 units of chocolate sprinkle donuts and 20 units of cheese donuts.
Program Evaluation of Tax Returns Outstanding Electronics (E-SPTT) Land and Building Tax Rural Urban Against Regional Taxpayers of Bogor City
Authors: Hidayati Aulia , Nurdialy Mela , Patabang Melewanto , Rosiana Nia , Juwita Shanty
Published: November 2023

The Notice of Taxes Payable is a letter containing details of PBB P2 payments from the taxpayer. To increase PBB P2 revenue, the Bogor City government issued the Electronic SPPT program (e-SPPT). The aims of this study were to evaluate the e-SPPT PBB P2 program from the aspects of the convenience of the e-SPPT system and aspects of e-SPPT socialization. The research method used was descriptive qualitative. The population in this study were PBB P2 taxpayers in Bogor City who answered some questionnaire questions. The questions asked to determine respondents’ perceptions of the ease of use of e-SPPT and socialization of eSPPT PBB P2 were in the form of closed questions. The research results show that as many as 83% of taxpayers are aware of the Bogor City e-SPPT program, and 56% choose e-SPPT delivered via WhatsApp media. Taxpayers who have used e-SPPT find it easy to determine the amount of tax owed and make payments on time, so they feel comfortable using eSPPT. Meanwhile, the perception of socialization states that regular socialization can motivate taxpayers to pay PBB and become obedient taxpayers.
Importance des études transnationales sur le curare dans le développement de la recherche en neurophysiologie au Brésil
Authors: Pereira Santos Roberto , Nardi Antonio Egídio , da Mota Gomes Marleide
Published: November 2023

Le curare, un poison obtenu à partir de différentes espèces de plantes en Amérique du Sud, était utilisé sur les flèches par les autochtones. Son potentiel paralysant mortel et son mécanisme d’action ont commencé à être explorés par les chercheurs au XIXe siècle. Dans cet article, nous rappelons l’historique des recherches sur ce poison et les échanges entre l’empereur brésilien Dom Pedro II et les chercheurs João Baptista de Lacerda, Louis Couty et Alfred Vulpian qui ont beaucoup contribué au développement scientifique brésilien. Vulpian a découvert que le curare n’affecte pas le nerf lui-même, mais agit entre celui-ci et le muscle, par l’intermédiaire d’une « substance de liaison » – ce concept développé par Vulpian est souvent attribué à tort à Claude Bernard. Les travaux pionniers de ces savants prestigieux ont ultérieurement abouti à la préparation d’extrait purifié de curare, d’intérêt thérapeutique majeur pour le traitement de convulsions et pour l’anesthésie.
L’héritage épigénétique multigénérationnel chez l’Homme : le passé, le présent et les perspectives
Authors: Smagulova Fatima
Published: November 2023

De nos jours, de nombreuses études suggèrent que les programmes de développement de chaque individu seraient susceptibles d’être modifiés. Les changements phénotypiques acquis pourraient persister tout au long de la vie de l’individu et même être transmis à la génération suivante. Bien que le mécanisme exact de cette préservation ne soit pas encore bien compris, de nombreuses observations suggèrent que les altérations épigénétiques en réponse à l’influence des facteurs environnementaux seraient responsables de cette hérédité. Le nombre croissant de facteurs externes tels que le stress social, la pollution environnementale et les changements climatiques rend difficile l’adaptation à ce nouvel environnement. Selon la théorie de l’origine développementale des maladies humaines, formulée par David Barker, les conditions environnementales rencontrées au cours des premières phases du développement peuvent avoir des effets à long terme sur les phases ultérieures de la vie. Ce phénomène est lié à la plasticité biologique du développement, qui permet une reprogrammation des fonctions physiologiques en réponse à différents stimuli. L’exposition in utero à des polluants environnementaux accroîtrait la prédisposition à des pathologies survenant dans les phases précoces et tardives de la vie, non seulement pour les générations présentes mais aussi les suivantes. Nous avons résumé ici des résultats d’études épidémiologiques et épigénétiques menées ces dernières années sur des données humaines afin de savoir si les effets transgénérationnels observés dans des organismes modèles peuvent également exister chez l’homme.
Méthodes alternatives à l’expérimentation animale: un besoin de financement et de diffusion
Authors: Schweitzer Louis , Bachelard Nikita
Published: November 2023

L’utilisation des animaux pour la recherche, l’enseignement et les tests de toxicité des produits engendre un conflit moral entre sa nécessité pour la santé humaine et le respect dû aux animaux. Sur la base du concept des 3R, la législation européenne promeut le développement des méthodes alternatives à l’expérimentation. Le développement de ces méthodes est soutenu par l’opinion publique française et européenne, qui s’oppose globalement à l’expérimentation animale lorsque d’autres méthodes existent. Cependant, les méthodes alternatives sont encore insuffisantes. Pour réduire drastiquement le nombre d’animaux utilisés à des fins scientifiques, des financements importants sont nécessaires. Dans ce domaine, la France fait figure de mauvais élève. Toutefois, la création de son centre 3R, qui réalise des appels à projets, est un signal dans le bon sens. Quant à l’Union européenne, elle finance des projets de méthodes alternatives. D’autres acteurs privés, ONG et entreprises y participent. Un autre enjeu est la diffusion des méthodes alternatives pour que la communauté scientifique s’en empare. En France, des équipes de recherche développent des techniques innovantes. Des plateformes françaises et européennes permettent de rapprocher les concepteurs, les utilisateurs et les régulateurs pour diffuser les méthodes alternatives. Le financement et la diffusion des méthodes doivent se poursuivre et s’accentuer.
Thérapies ciblées et immunothérapies dans le mélanome
Authors: Braissand Nicolas , Coste Isabelle
Published: November 2023

Dans le cadre d’un partenariat avec médecine/sciences, et pour la cinquième année consécutive, des étudiants du module d’enseignement « Immunologie, virologie et cancer » du Master Cancer de Lyon présentent une analyse d’articles scientifiques récents faisant état d’observations innovantes et importantes. Ce travail a été encadré par des chercheurs confirmés du Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL). Le master Cancer (université Claude Bernard Lyon1- VetAgroSup) accueille chaque année 40 étudiants en M1 et environ 80 en M2. Ce master dit « d’excellence » (master international labellisé université de Lyon) assure aux étudiants de M1 une formation en cancérologie reposant sur un socle de base commun (biologie cellulaire, moléculaire, immunologie, bio-statistique, épidémiologie, recherche translationnelle, etc.). Cette formation repose sur une forte implication des chercheurs et enseignants-chercheurs du CRCL, ainsi que sur un partenariat fort avec plusieurs instituts, dont le MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, États-Unis), l’université d’Harvard (Boston, États-Unis), l’université de Californie à San Diego (UCSD) (États-Unis), la university of City of London (UCL), le Beatson Institute de Glasgow (Royaume-Uni), les universités de Shanghai Jiao Tong (République populaire de Chine, RPC), de Tokyo et Tohoku (Japon), de Melbourne (Australie) et d’Auckland (Nouvelle-Zélande).
Les oligosaccharides du lait maternel : des rôles majeurs pour le développement de l’enfant et sa santé future
Authors: Dubernat Laure , Marousez Lucie , Desseyn Jean-Luc , Gouyer Valérie , Hermann Emmanuel , Gottrand Frédéric , Ley Delphine , Lesage Jean
Published: November 2023

En raison de sa capacité à fournir des apports nutritionnels optimaux ainsi que de nombreux facteurs bioactifs, tels que des oligosaccharides, le lait maternel est considéré comme le régime alimentaire optimal pour les nouveau-nés. Les oligosaccharides du lait humain (HMO) constituent le troisième composant du lait maternel. Plus de 150 HMO ont été caractérisés, leur concentration variant de 5 à 20 g/L. Certaines préparations infantiles enrichies en HMO sont désormais disponibles, même si leurs effets sur la santé restent à démontrer. La poursuite des recherches pourrait permettre d’envisager leur utilisation chez les enfants prématurés ou présentant des maladies inflammatoires digestives. Des données expérimentales suggèrent en effet que les HMO pourraient prévenir certaines maladies chroniques à composantes immuno-métaboliques ou neurodéveloppementales. Dans cette revue, nous présentons une synthèse des dernières données montrant les effets biologiques de ces oligosaccharides.
Fréquence des malformations congénitales chez les chiots nés par césarienne
Authors: Tainturier Daniel , Brassié Marine , Topie Emmanuel
Published: November 2023

Chez 1098 chiots nés par 235 césariennes sur une période de 8 ans, 118 présentaient une malformation congénitale visible dont 65 une fente palatine ou labio-palatine, 32 étaient atteints d’anasarque, 6 d’une hernie ombilicale et 15 d’une autre malformation.

L’anasarque est surtout observée chez le Bulldog anglais, les fentes palatines ne sont pas influencées par la race, mais de nombreuses malformations sont observées chez le Chihuahua.
L’éducation thérapeutique des maîtres lors d’affections hépatiques chroniques : l’ASV en première ligne
Authors: Desachy Florence
Published: November 2023

L’éducation thérapeutique en milieu vétérinaire se développe. Elle permet un investissement professionnel de l’équipe d’ASV et une fidélisation de la clientèle anxieuse face aux pathologies chroniques.

Des étapes doivent être respectées pour une grande clarté et de solides connaissances sont nécessaires pour assurer l’éducation thérapeutique de la clientèle de la clinique. Celle-ci est essentielle pour améliorer l’observance et, de ce fait, le pronostic de l’animal.
Akupunktur beim Fibromyalgie-Syndrom
Authors: Böttcher Cornelia
Published: November 2023

Das Fibromyalgie-Syndrom ist ein multifaktorielles Geschehen, das durch physische und physische Symptome gekennzeichnet ist. Wichtig bei der ärztlichen Behandlung bzw. Beratung ist, die Patient*innen in ihrem Schmerzgeschehen ernst zu nehmen, da Schmerz immer real ist. Aus Sicht der Chinesischen Medizin ist bei jeder Erkrankung das Gleichgewicht von Yin und Yang gestört und die Lebenskraft Qi kann nicht fließen. Die Chinesische Medizin sieht Störungen gleichermaßen auf der körperlichen und psychischen Ebene – es gibt keine Trennung. Um Qi wieder fließen zu lassen, kann die Akupunktur hilfreich sein. Die Akupunktur wirkt sowohl auf der psychischen als auch auf der körperlichen Ebene. Deshalb stellt sie beim FMS eine gute Ergänzung zu den übrigen Therapien dar. Die Begleitung von Patient*innen mit Fibromyalgie-Syndrom ist langwierig und erfordert neben Fachwissen auch den Blick über den Tellerrand.
Ganzkörperhyperthermie beim Fibromyalgie-Syndrom – Ergebnisse einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie
Authors: Öznur Özlem , Langhorst Jost
Published: November 2023

Das Fibromyalgie-Syndrom (FMS) ist eine chronisch-funktionelle Schmerzerkrankung, deren Behandlungssituation häufig als unzureichend empfunden wird. Für die milde wassergefilterte Infrarot-A-Ganzkörperhyperthermie (wIRA-GKHT) liegen erste vielversprechende Ergebnisse in der Therapie der FMS vor. In einer ambulanten randomisiertkontrollierten Studie wurden die Auswirkungen der GKHT im Vergleich zur sanften Ganzkörperhyperthermie auf die Schmerzintensität bei Patienten mit FMS untersucht. Insgesamt nahmen 41 Teilnehmer im Alter von 18–70 Jahren mit einer medizinisch bestätigten FMS-Diagnose teil. Die Behandlung bestand aus 6 Sitzungen mit wIRA-GKHT über einen Zeitraum von 3 Wochen. Die Kontrollgruppe erhielt die gleiche Behandlung, jedoch mit einem Bruchteil der Infrarot-A-Strahlung. Als primäres Outcome wurde die Schmerzintensität definiert, die signifikante Gruppenunterschiede zugunsten der GKHT-Gruppe zeigte. Weitere Ergebnisse umfassten die FMS-spezifischen Kernsymptome und die Lebensqualität sowie Zytokinwerte im Blut. Im Rahmen der Studie konnte gezeigt werden, dass die milde wassergefilterte Infrarot-A-Ganzkörperhyperthermie die Schmerzintensität von Patienten mit FMS effektiv reduziert.
Risk Profile of High-grade Cervical Lesions and Cervical Cancer Considering the Combination of Cytology, HPV Genotype, and Age among Women Undergoing Colposcopy
Authors: Possati-Resende Júlio César , Fritsch Thais Zilles , Souza Karen Cristina Borba
Published: November 2023

Objective The present study aims to establish a risk profile for high-grade cervical lesions and cervical cancer (CIN2 + ) in women undergoing colposcopy at the Hospital do Câncer de Barretos, through the analysis of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, cervical cytology, and patient's age.

Methods Retrospective cross-sectional study based on a computerized database of women aged ≥ 18 years old who underwent colposcopy at the Prevention Department of the Hospital do Câncer de Barretos from 2017 to 2019.

Results A total of 3,411 women were included, 58.0% were positive for high-risk-HPV test, with a higher prevalence of CIN2+ for HPV16 (30.3%) and other HPV (45.0%). Cytological findings that suggest invasive cervical cancer (squamous cells or adenocarcinoma), regardless of the status of HPV test, showed 100% diagnosis of CIN2 + , while atypias that suggest high-grade lesions, HSIL and ASC-H, positive for HPV test, showed in 86 and 55.2%, respectively, diagnosis of CIN2 + . ASC-H cytological results among women aged > 40 years old and negative HPV were mainly associated with benign findings. We observed that ≤ CIN1 has a higher prevalence among older women with negative HPV, while for high-grade lesions there is an increase among young women HPV16- and/or 18-positive. In cancer diagnosis, we observed a predominance of HPV 16/18 regardless of the age group.

Conclusion The highest risks of precursor lesions and cervical cancer were found among women with positive HPV 16/18 tests and severe cytological atypia in population screening tests. In addition, cytological findings of ASC-H HPV negative in women > 40 years old usually represent benign findings in histological investigation.
Fetal Macrosomia and Postpartum Hemorrhage in Latin American and Caribbean Region: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Quezada-Robles Araceli , Quispe-Sarmiento Fiorella , Bendezu-Quispe Guido , Vargas-Fernández Rodrigo
Published: November 2023

Objective To determine the association between fetal macrosomia (FM) and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) women.

Data Sources Studies evaluating the association between FM and PPH (≥ 500 ml) and severe PPH (≥ 1,000 ml) until November 4, 2021, indexed in CINHAL, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciELO.

Selection of Studies Inclusion criteria were cohort and case-control studies that provided the number of PPH and FM cases. Exclusion criteria were studies lacking information about the number of cases, with a population of women who were not from LAC; published in a language other than English, Spanish, or Portuguese, and with a different design.

Data Collection Data extraction was performed independently by two authors, and discrepancies were resolved with a third author. Data regarding FM and PPH cases were retrieved.

Data Synthesis Of the 1,044 articles evaluated, 5 studies were included, from 6 different countries: Argentina and Uruguay (multi-country), West Indies, Antigua and Barbuda, French Guyana, and Suriname. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for FM and PPH in the meta-analysis (five studies) was 2.10 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.79–2.47; I2: 0%), with estimates within this 95% CI in the sensitivity analysis. The combined OR for severe PPH (3 studies) was 1.61 (95% CI: 0.40–6.48; I2: 91.89%), showing high heterogeneity.

Conclusion There was a positive association between FM and PPH in the LAC, increasing the risk of the presence of this event 2-fold. The high heterogeneity of the studies that measured severe PPH does not allow drawing conclusions about the estimates obtained.
Computational scaling in inverse photonic design through factorization caching
Authors: Dasdemir Ahmet Onur , Minden Victor , Magden Emir Salih
Published: November 2023

Inverse design coupled with adjoint optimization is a powerful method to design on-chip nanophotonic devices with multi-wavelength and multi-mode optical functionalities. Although only two simulations are required in each iteration of this optimization process, these simulations still make up the vast majority of the necessary computations and render the design of complex devices with large footprints computationally infeasible. Here, we introduce a multi-faceted factorization caching approach to drastically simplify the underlying computations in finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) simulations and significantly reduce the time required for device optimization. Specifically, we cache the numerical and symbolic factorizations for the solution of the corresponding system of linear equations in discretized FDFD simulations and re-use them throughout the device design process. As proof-of-concept demonstrations of the resulting computational advantage, we present simulation speedups reaching as high as 9.2× in the design of broadband wavelength and mode multiplexers compared to conventional FDFD methods. We also show that factorization caching scales well over a broad range of footprints independent of the device geometry, from as small as 16μm2 to over 7000μm2. Our results present significant enhancements in the computational efficiency of inverse photonic design and can greatly accelerate the use of machine-optimized devices in future photonic systems.
Delivering complex surgical services: lessons learned from the evolution of a specialised pelvic exenteration centre
Authors: Brown Kilian G. M. , McBride Kate E. , Anderson Teresa , Solomon Michael J.
Published: November 2023

Pelvic exenteration (PE) is a potentially curative, ultra-radical surgical procedure for the treatment of advanced pelvic tumours, which involves surgical resection of multiple pelvic organs. Delivering such a complex low-volume, high-cost surgical program presents a number of unique health management challenges, and requires an organisation-wide approach involving both clinical and administrative teams. In contrast to the United Kingdom and France, where PE services have been historically decentralised, a centralised approach was developed early on in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ) with referral of these complex patients to a small number of quaternary centres. The PE program at the authors’ institution was established in 1994 and has since evolved into the highest volume PE centre in the ANZ region and the largest single institution experience globally. These achievements have required navigation of specific funding and management issues, supported from inception by a proactive and collaborative relationship with hospital administration and management. The comprehensive state-wide quaternary referral model that has been developed has subsequently been successfully applied to other complex surgical services at the authors’ institution, as well as by more recently established PE centres in Australia. This article aims to summarise the authors’ experience with establishing and expanding this service and the lessons learned from a health management perspective.
Generation of de novo miRNAs from template switching during DNA replication
Authors: Mönttinen Heli A. M. , Frilander Mikko J. , Löytynoja Ari
Published: November 2023

The mechanisms generating novel genes and genetic information are poorly known, even for microRNA (miRNA) genes with an extremely constrained design. All miRNA primary transcripts need to fold into a stem-loop structure to yield short gene products (

∼

22 nt) that bind and repress their mRNA targets. While a substantial number of miRNA genes are ancient and highly conserved, short secondary structures coding for entirely novel miRNA genes have been shown to emerge in a lineage-specific manner. Template switching is a DNA-replication-related mutation mechanism that can introduce complex changes and generate perfect base pairing for entire hairpin structures in a single event. Here, we show that the template-switching mutations (TSMs) have participated in the emergence of over 6,000 suitable hairpin structures in the primate lineage to yield at least 18 new human miRNA genes, that is 26% of the miRNAs inferred to have arisen since the origin of primates. While the mechanism appears random, the TSM-generated miRNAs are enriched in introns where they can be expressed with their host genes. The high frequency of TSM events provides raw material for evolution. Being orders of magnitude faster than other mechanisms proposed for de novo creation of genes, TSM-generated miRNAs enable near-instant rewiring of genetic information and rapid adaptation to changing environments.