bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cervical poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with dominant choriocarcinomatous pattern: A case report
Authors: Nikolic Branka , Curkovic Aleksandar , Dragojevic-Dikic Svetlana , Mitrovic Ana , Kuzmanovic Igor , Arandjelovic Aleksandra , Stankovic Goran
Published: June 2015

Introduction. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN), choriocarcinoma in
coexistence with primary cervical adenocarcinoma, is a rare event not easy
to diagnose. Choriocarcinoma is a malignant form of GTN but curable if
metastases do not appear early and spread fast. Case report. We presented
choriocarcinoma in coexistence with primary cervical adenocarcinoma in a
48-year-old patient who had radical hysterectomy because of confirmed
cervical carcinoma (Dg: Carcinoma porto vaginalis uteri FIGO st I B1).
Histological findings confirmed cervical choriocarcinoma with extensive
vascular invasion and apoptosis but GTN choriocarcinoma was finally confirmed
after immunohystochemical examinations. Preoperative serum human
gonadotropine (beta hCG) level stayed unknown. This patient did not have any
pregnancy-like symptoms before the operation. The first beta hCG monitoring
was done two months after the operation and found negative. According to the
final diagnosis the decision of Consilium for Malignant Diseases was that
this patient needed serum hCG monitoring as well as treatment with
chemotherapy for high-risk GTN and consequent irradiation for adenocarcinoma.
Conclusion. The early and proper diagnosis of nonmetastatic choriocarcinoma
of nongestational origine in coexistence with cervical carcinoma is curable
and can have good prognosis.
Hypothyroidism Is a Risk Factor for New-Onset Diabetes: A Cohort Study
Authors: Gronich Naomi , Deftereos Spyros N. , Lavi Idit , Persidis Andreas S. , Abernethy Darrell R. , Rennert Gad
Published: June 2015

OBJECTIVE

To identify risk factors for the development of statin-associated diabetes mellitus (DM).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The study was conducted in two phases. Phase one involved high-throughput in silico processing of a large amount of biomedical data to identify risk factors for the development of statin-associated DM. In phase two, the most prominent risk factor identified was confirmed in an observational cohort study at Clalit, the largest health care organization in Israel. Time-dependent Poisson regression multivariable models were performed to assess rate ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs for DM occurrence.

RESULTS

A total of 39,263 statin nonusers were matched by propensity score to 20,334 highly compliant statin initiators in 2004–2005 and followed until the end of 2010. Within 59,597 statin users and nonusers in a multivariable model, hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism carried an increased risk for DM (RR 1.53 [95% CI 1.31–1.79] and 1.75 [1.40–2.18], respectively). Hypothyroidism increased DM risk irrespective of statin treatment (RR 2.06 [1.42–2.99] and 1.66 [1.05–2.64] in statin users and nonusers, respectively). Subclinical hypothyroidism risk for DM was prominent only upon statin use (RR 1.94 [1.13–3.34] and 1.20 [0.52–2.75] in statin users and nonusers, respectively). Patients with hypothyroidism treated with thyroid hormone replacement therapy were not at increased risk for DM.

CONCLUSIONS

Hypothyroidism is a risk factor for DM. Subclinical hypothyroidism-associated risk for DM is prominent only upon statin use. Identifying and treating hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism might reduce DM risk. Future clinical studies are needed to confirm the findings.
Genotypic Variation in Seedling Tolerance to Aluminum Toxicity in Historical Maize Inbred Lines of Zambia
Authors: Richard Chanda , Munyinda Kalaluka , Kinkese Theresa , Osiru David
Published: June 2015

Maize (Zea mays L) is the most important food grain in sub-Saharan Africa and is mostly grown by small-scale farmers under rainfed conditions. Aluminum toxicity caused by low pH is one of the abiotic factors limiting maize production among smallholder farmers. Therefore, breeding maize hybrids that are tolerant to aluminum toxicity will sustain and increase maize production in these areas. Hence this study was undertaken to assess the genotypic variation for aluminum toxicity in maize inbred lines. Fourteen maize inbred lines of historical importance that are used in maize hybrid breeding in Zambia were studied for seedling root variation under different aluminum concentrations using hydroponic conditions. The aluminum tolerance membership index based on three traits (actual root length, relative root length and root length response) classified genotypes L3233 and L1214 as highly tolerant, L5527 and ZM421 as tolerant, and L12, L3234, and ZM521 as intermediate. The high PCV, GCV, and heritability observed for the root traits indicate that opportunities for selection and breeding for aluminum tolerance among Zambian inbred lines exist. Furthermore, the study indicated that a higher genetic gain would be expected from net root growth followed by shoot length response as selection traits, thus supporting the use of root traits for aluminum tolerance screening.
Epidemiology of Dog and Cat Abandonment in Spain (2008–2013)
Authors: Fatjó Jaume , Bowen Jonathan , García Elena , Calvo Paula , Rueda Silvia , Amblás Silvia , Lalanza Jaume
Published: June 2015

Millions of pets are abandoned worldwide every year, which is an important animal welfare and financial problem. This paper was divided into three studies. Our first two studies were designed as a national survey of animal shelters to profile the population of stray dogs and cats, as well as to gather information on both relinquishment and adoption. The aim of our third study was to test the impact of identification on the recovery of dogs entering animal shelters. Studies one and two indicate that more than 100,000 dogs and more than 30,000 cats enter animal shelters annually in Spain. We observed a seasonal effect in the number of admissions in cats. Two-thirds of dogs and cats entering shelters were found as strays, while the rest were relinquished directly to the shelter. Most pets admitted to animal shelters were adult, non-purebred, and without a microchip, with the majority of dogs being medium sized. Adult dogs spent significantly more time in shelters than puppies. While most animals were either adopted or recovered by their owner, a considerable percentage remained at the shelter or was euthanized. The identification of dogs with a microchip increased by 3-fold the likelihood of them being returned to the owner.
Modelling of Building Interiors with Mobile Phone Sensor Data
Authors: Rosser Julian , Morley Jeremy , Smith Gavin
Published: June 2015

Creating as-built plans of building interiors is a challenging task. In this paper we present a semi-automatic modelling system for creating residential building interior plans and their integration with existing map data to produce building models. Taking a set of imprecise measurements made with an interactive mobile phone room mapping application, the system performs spatial adjustments in accordance with soft and hard constraints imposed on the building plan geometry. The approach uses an optimisation model that exploits a high accuracy building outline, such as can be found in topographic map data, and the building topology to improve the quality of interior measurements and generate a standardised output. We test our system on building plans of five residential homes. Our evaluation shows that the approach enables construction of accurate interior plans from imprecise measurements. The experiments report an average accuracy of 0.24 m, close to the 0.20 m recommended by the CityGML LoD4 specification.
Comparative Assessment of Phenolic Content and in Vitro Antioxidant Capacity in the Pulp and Peel of Mango Cultivars
Authors: Abbasi Arshad , Guo Xinbo , Fu Xiong , Zhou Lin , Chen Youngsheng , Zhu Yong , Yan Huaifeng , Liu Rui
Published: June 2015

Mango (Mangifera indica L.), also called “the king of fruits”, is one of the most popular fruits in tropical regions. Pulp and peel samples of mango cultivars were analyzed to estimate total phenolic, total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents. Phenolic acids, hydrophilic peroxyl radical scavenging capacity (hydro-PSC) and oxygen radical scavenging capacity (ORAC) in vitro were also determined. Total phenolics and flavonoid contents were found maximum in the peel of Xiao Tainang and Da Tainang cultivars, respectively, whereas Xiao Tainang also exhibited significant antioxidant capacity. Noteworthy, concentrations of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acids at 79.15, 64.33, 33.75, 27.19 and 13.62 mg/100 g fresh weight (FW) were quantified for Da Tainang, Xiao Tainang and of Jidan cultivars, respectively. Comparatively, a higher level of phenolics and significant antioxidant capacity in mango peel indicated that it might be useful as a functional food and value-added ingredient to promote human health.
A Review of Extraction and Analysis of Bioactives in Oat and Barley and Scope for Use of Novel Food Processing Technologies
Authors: Gangopadhyay Nirupama , Hossain Mohammad , Rai Dilip , Brunton Nigel
Published: June 2015

Oat and barely are cereal crops mainly used as animal feed and for the purposes of malting and brewing, respectively. Some studies have indicated that consumption of oat and barley rich foods may reduce the risk of some chronic diseases such as coronary heart disease, type II diabetes and cancer. Whilst there is no absolute consensus, some of these benefits may be linked to presence of compounds such as phenolics, vitamin E and β-glucan in these cereals. A number of benefits have also been linked to the lipid component (sterols, fatty acids) and the proteins and bioactive peptides in oats and barley. Since the available evidence is pointing toward the possible health benefits of oat and barley components, a number of authors have examined techniques for recovering them from their native sources. In the present review, we summarise and examine the range of conventional techniques that have been used for the purpose of extraction and detection of these bioactives. In addition, the recent advances in use of novel food processing technologies as a substitute to conventional processes for extraction of bioactives from oats and barley, has been discussed.
Low-Quality Structural and Interaction Data Improves Binding Affinity Prediction via Random Forest
Authors: Li Hongjian , Leung Kwong-Sak , Wong Man-Hon , Ballester Pedro
Published: June 2015

Docking scoring functions can be used to predict the strength of protein-ligand binding. It is widely believed that training a scoring function with low-quality data is detrimental for its predictive performance. Nevertheless, there is a surprising lack of systematic validation experiments in support of this hypothesis. In this study, we investigated to which extent training a scoring function with data containing low-quality structural and binding data is detrimental for predictive performance. We actually found that low-quality data is not only non-detrimental, but beneficial for the predictive performance of machine-learning scoring functions, though the improvement is less important than that coming from high-quality data. Furthermore, we observed that classical scoring functions are not able to effectively exploit data beyond an early threshold, regardless of its quality. This demonstrates that exploiting a larger data volume is more important for the performance of machine-learning scoring functions than restricting to a smaller set of higher data quality.
A Selective G-Quadruplex DNA-Stabilizing Ligand Based on a Cyclic Naphthalene Diimide Derivative
Authors: Islam Md. , Fujii Satoshi , Sato Shinobu , Okauchi Tatsuo , Takenaka Shigeori
Published: June 2015

A cyclic naphthalene diimide (cyclic NDI, 1), carrying a benzene moiety as linker chain, was synthesized and its interaction with G-quadruplex DNAs of a-core and a-coreTT as a human telomeric DNA, c-kit and c-myc as DNA sequence at promoter region, or thrombin-binding aptamer (TBA) studied based on UV-VIS and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic techniques, thermal melting temperature measurement, and FRET-melting assay. The circular dichroism spectra showed that 1 induced the formation of different types of G-quadruplex DNA structure. Compound 1 bound to these G-quadruplexes with affinities in the range of 106–107 M−1 order and a 2:1 stoichiometry. Compound 1 showed 270-fold higher selectivity for a-core than dsDNA with a preferable a-core binding than a-coreTT, c-kit, c-myc and TBA in the presence of K+, which is supported by thermal melting studies. The FRET-melting assay also showed that 1 bound preferentially to human telomeric DNA. Compound 1 showed potent inhibition against telomerase activity with an IC50 value of 0.9 μM and preferable binding to G-quadruplexes DNA than our previously published cyclic NDI derivative 3 carrying a benzene moiety as longer linker chain.
Human-Automation Interaction Design for Adaptive Cruise Control Systems of Ground Vehicles
Authors: Eom Hwisoo , Lee Sang
Published: June 2015

A majority of recently developed advanced vehicles have been equipped with various automated driver assistance systems, such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) and lane keeping assistance systems. ACC systems have several operational modes, and drivers can be unaware of the mode in which they are operating. Because mode confusion is a significant human error factor that contributes to traffic accidents, it is necessary to develop user interfaces for ACC systems that can reduce mode confusion. To meet this requirement, this paper presents a new human-automation interaction design methodology in which the compatibility of the machine and interface models is determined using the proposed criteria, and if the models are incompatible, one or both of the models is/are modified to make them compatible. To investigate the effectiveness of our methodology, we designed two new interfaces by separately modifying the machine model and the interface model and then performed driver-in-the-loop experiments. The results showed that modifying the machine model provides a more compact, acceptable, effective, and safe interface than modifying the interface model.
Mycotoxin Cocktail in the Samples of Oilseed Cake from Early Maturing Cotton Varieties Associated with Cattle Feeding Problems
Authors: Yunus Agha , Sulyok Michael , Böhm Josef
Published: June 2015

Cottonseed cake in South East Asia has been associated with health issues in ruminants in the recent years. The present study was carried out to investigate the health issues associated with cottonseed cake feeding in dairy animals in Pakistan. All the cake samples were confirmed to be from early maturing cotton varieties (maturing prior to or during Monsoon). A survey of the resource persons indicated that the feeding problems with cottonseed cake appeared after 4–5 months of post-production storage. All the cake samples had heavy bacterial counts, and contaminated with over a dozen different fungal genera. Screening for toxins revealed co-contamination with toxic levels of nearly a dozen mycotoxins including aflatoxin B1 + B2 (556 to 5574 ppb), ochratoxin A + B (47 to 2335 ppb), cyclopiazonic acid (1090 to 6706 ppb), equisetin (2226 to 12672 ppb), rubrofusarin (81 to 1125), tenuazonic acid (549 to 9882 ppb), 3-nitropropionic acid (111 to 1032 ppb), and citrinin (29 to 359 ppb). Two buffalo calves in a diagnostic feed trial also showed signs of complex toxicity. These results indicate that inappropriate processing and storage of the cake, in the typical conditions of the subcontinent, could be the main contributory factors regarding the low quality of cottonseed cake.
Large-Scale Hydrological Modeling and Decision-Making for Agricultural Water Consumption and Allocation in the Main Stem Tarim River, China
Authors: Yu Yang , Disse Markus , Yu Ruide , Yu Guoan , Sun Lingxiao , Huttner Philipp , Rumbaur Christian
Published: June 2015

A large-scale hydrological model (MIKE HYDRO) was established for the purpose of sustainable agricultural water management in the main stem Tarim River, located in northwest China. In this arid region, agricultural water consumption and allocation management are crucial to address the conflicts among irrigation water users from upstream to downstream. The results of model calibration indicated a close correlation between simulated and observed values. Scenarios with the change on irrigation strategies and land use distributions were investigated. Irrigation scenarios revealed that the available irrigation water has significant and varying effects on the yields of different crops. Irrigation water saving could reach up to 40% in the water-saving irrigation scenario. Land use scenarios illustrated that an increase of farmland area in the lower reach gravely aggravated the water deficit, while a decrease of farmland in the upper reaches resulted in considerable benefits for all sub-catchments. A substitution of crops was also investigated, which demonstrated the potential for saving considerable amounts of irrigation water in upper and middle reaches. Overall, the results of this study provide a scientific basis for decision-making on agricultural water consumption and allocation in the study area.
La signification morphologique des reliefs résiduels dans les socles tropicaux (The morphological significance of residuals in tropical crystalline areas)
Authors: Petit Michel
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Les reliefs résiduels dominant des surfaces d'aplanissement d'âge et d'extension variables expriment la part prépondérante que prend la structure dans leur dégagement (y compris dans celui des reliefs de position). Le facteur structural, simplement tempéré par les retouches climatiques, se lit dans la morphologie des dômes et des inselbergs.
Né enfant de remplacement : Qui suis-je ?
Authors: Schellinski Kristina , Hainsworth Karen
Published: June 2015

Les rêves et les questions existentielles de ceux qui sont nés pour remplacer une personne morte tournent autout d’un cri central : Qui suis-je ? Ces personnes, si elles ont été conçues, sont nées ou ont été désignées comme enfants de remplacement , peuvent souffrir, même devenues adultes, d’une confusion inconsciente d’identité rarement reconnue, composée de chagrin et de culpabilité du survivant. Bien avant la naissance de l’enfant, les forces archétypiques de vie et de mort sont réunies dans une constellation fatale ; l’âme de l’enfant de remplacement porte l’ombre de la mort depuis le tout début de la vie. Pour un enfant de remplacement, l’espoir repose sur l’émergence d’un soi authentique pendant que l’âme recrée la vie originelle. L’analyse peut aider l’enfant de remplacement à faire l’expérience d’une « renaissance dans la vraie vie », non pas comme « celui qui revient », mais comme un individu nouveau-né sur le plan psychique, le chemin d’individuation allant à l’opposé de l’identification de l’enfant de remplacement avec un mort. L’analyse jungienne propose des concepts uniques pour la compréhension et l’aide aux enfants de remplacement. C. G. Jung lui-même est né après deux bébés morts-nés et un enfant qui n’a vécu que cinq jours.
1905 : Quand l’islam était (déjà) la seconde religion de France
Authors: Achi Raberh
Published: June 2015

L’islam est souvent présenté comme la dernière religion implantée sur le territoire français. Elle aurait été de ce fait absente du paysage religieux français au moment de l’adoption de la loi sur la séparation des Églises et de l’État. Cet article entend battre en brèche ce récit et propose de montrer que la religion musulmane fut largement représentée en France, notamment à travers ses départements algériens, et que des débats eurent bien lieu dès 1905 à propos de l’application de la loi à cette religion. D’ailleurs, là où l’islam était la religion majoritaire dans les territoires de l’Empire colonial, l’État a soit opté pour la solution de l’inapplication de la loi, soit, lorsque la contrainte légale et la discipline républicaine étaient trop fortes, imaginé un régime d’exception exorbitant permettant la poursuite du contrôle de la religion musulmane.
Manifeste pour des humanités numériques 2.0
Authors: Julien-Saavedra Quentin , Citton Yves
Published: June 2015

Le but visé par ce manifeste, assemblé en 2008 par Jeffrey Schnapp, Todd Presner, Peter Lunenfeld et Johanna Drucker, est d’alimenter le débat sur ce que les humanités peuvent et doivent faire au XXI e siècle, en particulier dans le domaine des luttes culturelles qui sont aujourd’hui largement menées (et gagnées) par les intérêts capitalistes. C’est un appel à affirmer la pertinence et la nécessité des humanités en une époque de coupes budgétaires, alors qu’elles sont plus nécessaires que jamais pour orienter la migration de notre héritage culturel vers des supports numériques, tandis que notre relation aux savoirs et à l’information se transforme d’une façon profonde et imprévisible. Les humanités numériques étudient l’impact social et culturel des nouvelles technologies et jouent un rôle actif dans le design, la mise en œuvre, le questionnement et la subversion de ces technologies.
Le genre des administrations. La fabrication des inégalités de carrière entre hommes et femmes dans la haute fonction publique
Authors: Marry Catherine , Bereni Laure , Jacquemart Alban , Le Mancq Fanny , Pochic Sophie , Revillard Anne
Published: June 2015

Résumé L’article s’intéresse aux inégalités sexuées de carrière de l’encadrement dans quatre directions générales de deux ministères – économiques et financiers d’une part, sociaux de l’autre – contrastées du point de vue de leur féminisation et des types de carrière. L’enquête s’appuie sur une centaine de récits de vie de femmes et d’hommes. Au-delà de l’éducation familiale et d’un inégal accès à la voie royale de l’ÉNA, les blocages de carrières des femmes sont décelés au cœur des administrations, à travers des règles de disponibilité, de mobilité géographique, de cooptation homophile qu’elles s’imposent. Les politiques d’égalité professionnelle peinent à les modifier mais font émerger une plus grande conscience des inégalités.
La promotion de la diversité dans la fonction publique : de l’héritage républicain à une méritocratie néoliberale
Authors: Sénac Réjane
Published: June 2015

Résumé Dans le prolongement des études conduites sur la « publicisation » de la diversité dans la société française du XXI e siècle, cet article analyse les usages de celle-ci dans la fonction publique. Comment le développement de la promotion de la diversité contribue-t-il à la mutation de la fonction publique ? L’auteur répond à cette interrogation en examinant la manière dont elle participe d’un État post-moderne néolibéral articulant héritage républicain et management public. L’hypothèse est que la promotion de la diversité permet d’incorporer et de subvertir les perspectives critiques, en particulier celles sur l’application de l’exigence constitutionnelle d’égal accès de tous les citoyens aux emplois publics.
Lutter contre les discriminations et promouvoir l’égalité dans l’emploi public : l’action du défenseur des droits
Authors: Toubon Jacques
Published: June 2015

Résumé La lutte contre les discriminations dont les agents publics font encore trop souvent l’objet est indissociable de la promotion de leur égalité de traitement. Afin de consolider ces deux axes essentiels à l’action menée par le Défenseur des droits, mais aussi d’impulser à celle‑ci un nouvel élan, son nouveau titulaire a, dès sa nomination, adopté un certain nombre de décisions dont sont présentées ici les principales idées forces.
Politique salariale et mode de rémunération dans la fonction publique en France depuis le début des années 2000 : mutations et enjeux
Authors: Audier Florence , Bacache-Beauvallet Maya , Courtioux Pierre , Gautié Jérôme
Published: June 2015

Résumé La politique salariale de l’État a connu des inflexions importantes au cours de la dernière décennie. Des ajustements paramétriques (gel du point d’indice, indexation de fait des bas salaires au SMIC) et des mesures partielles (requalifications de certaines catégories) ont été adoptés, mais des réformes plus structurelles du mode de rémunération, même si elles ont été souhaitées par l’État, n’ont pas réellement abouti. La politique salariale de l’État s’est faite en même temps plus catégorielle. Au‑delà des effets limités sur le pouvoir d’achat moyen, ces changements ont eu des conséquences importantes et contribuent à expliquer la montée d’un mécontentement salarial important. L’ensemble de ces évolutions interpellent les organisations syndicales, dont les stratégies, à divers niveaux (central ou local) varient entre opposition et accompagnement.
Effects of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on lipid profile and histopathological changes in hypercholesterolaemic rats
Authors: Al-Sheraji S.H. , Amin I. , Azlan A. , Manap M.Y. , Hassan F.A.
Published: June 2015

The present study investigated the effects of Bifidobacterium longum BB536 on lipid profile, liver and kidney function, and body fat in hypercholesterolaemic rats. 40 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups. The negative control group received a standard diet. The positive control group received a cholesterol-enriched diet, whereas the intervention groups received a cholesterol-enriched diet supplemented with B. longum BB536 alone or in combination with inulin or Mangifera pajang fibrous polysaccharides. After 8 weeks, plasma lipids, and liver and kidney function were tested. Intake of the cholesterol-enriched diet increased total cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, creatinine, urea, liver weight, adipose tissue weight, liver lipid deposition and adipocyte size. B. longum BB536 supplementation significantly reduced total cholesterol, liver lipid deposition and adipocyte size, and positively affected liver and kidney function. These effects were significantly increased in the presence of inulin and M. pajang fibrous polysaccharides.
Influence of different growing substrates and processing on the nutrient composition of black soldier fly larvae destined for animal feed
Authors: Tschirner M. , Simon A.
Published: June 2015

Because of the ongoing depletion of fish stocks and thus continuously rising prices for fish meal, substitution possibilities are in demand. However, since alternate protein sources from plants are mostly of lower protein quality, feedstuff produced from the black soldier fly (BSF) larvae, Hermetia illucens, are considered promising alternatives. Hence, this study investigated the influence of different growing substrates on the crude nutrient and mineral composition of BSF larvae. The three tested substrates were a mixture of middlings (control group), dried distillers’ grains with solubles (protein group), and dried sugar beet pulp (fibre group). After a 15 day growing period, the total larvae yield of the control, protein and fibre groups amounted to 2.58, 0.93 and 0.43 kg wet mass, respectively, the crude protein content reached 37.2, 44.6 and 52.3% of dry matter (DM), respectively. Despite a relatively low methionine content of the BSF meal when compared to fish meal, it showed a good overall protein quality. Furthermore, the BSF meal contained about 50% less P than fish meal. Moreover, an accumulation of undesirable substances like heavy metals may occur and should be monitored during production. Because a lower fat content of BSF larvae would simplify further processing, in a second trial larvae yielded from the control group were pressed using 12 different conditions: pressures of 250 or 450 bar and temperatures of 50 or 60 °C, applied over 10, 20 or 30 min. The best fat reduction from 30.8 to 16.6% of DM was achieved by pressing at 250 bar, 50 °C and 30 min. In conclusion, the total yield of BSF larvae and their ingredients were highly influenced by the used growing substrates. Generally, a BSF meal could crucially contribute to substitute fish meal in animal nutrition.
L’apprentissage, un bien public ?
Authors: Moreau Gilles
Published: June 2015

L’orientation et l’entrée en apprentissage sont mal connues. La sélection des jeunes admis en apprentissage repose sur des règles diffuses et obscures : sélection par entreprises, hiérarchie endogène des métiers, régulation par les CFA, institutionnalisation progressive de la recherche du maître d’apprentissage. Autant d’éléments qui conduisent à un durcissement du « prix d’entrée » en apprentissage, à un accroissement du nombre de jeunes apprentis qui n’apprennent pas le métier souhaité et, au final, à un dispositif qui écarte les jeunes urbains, les jeunes d’origine étrangère et les jeunes filles, a contrario de l’idée qu’on peut se faire d’un bien public.
Trouver et tenir sa place. Les apprenti(e)s et le travail
Authors: Kergoat Prisca
Published: June 2015

L’apprentissage s’avère un puissant révélateur des inégalités sociales. Comment caractériser la manière dont celui-ci (re)produit la hiérarchisation des individus et la division sociale et sexuelle du travail ? L’entrée privilégiée ici, celle des rapports entretenus au travail, permet d’éclairer le sens que les apprentis accordent à leurs expériences et d’appréhender les contraintes comme la manière dont elles et ils les rencontrent et tentent de les déjouer. L’analyse ainsi menée révèle que les inégalités observées ne sont pas réductibles aux seules formes de domination scolaire ni non plus à de simples pratiques discriminatoires. Ces inégalités font système et sont l’objet d’une co-production à l’intersection des politiques publiques, de l’école et du marché du travail.
Workload Control
Authors: Fernandes Nuno O.
Published: June 2015

Global competition and changing customer requirements are putting major challenges in the production planning and control systems of manufacturing enterprises. Production planning and control requires robust methods able to cope with demand variability, processing times variability, routing sequences, resource availability, etc., between other sources of variation. Production planning and control significantly influences target performance criteria such as the delivery time, on-time delivery, work-in-process inventory, and resources utilization. Therefore, production planning and control is strategically important for the economic success of these enterprises and innovative production planning and control methods are required. This chapter describes how workload control, a leading production planning and control system for small- and medium-sized enterprises, operates and illustrates how it aids in shortening and stabilising throughput times based on a simulation study of a small made-to-order production system.
Social Innovation as Driver of Regional Competitiveness
Authors: Esen Ayla , Asik-Dizdar Ozen , Maden Ceyda
Published: June 2015

This chapter focuses on the issue of regional competitiveness from a social innovation standpoint. It argues that social innovation plays an important role in enhancing the competitiveness of regions, since social innovation initiatives constitute an ideal context for partnerships between business organizations and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) to utilize local capabilities and create value. The region will ultimately be able to offer a balanced standard of living and will remain competitive by providing for the well-being of the communities and society at large.
The Drivers of Entrepreneurial Universities in Emerging Economies
Authors: Temel Serdal , Durst Susanne , Yesilay Rustem Baris , Hinteregger Christoph , Sukan Fazilet Vardar , Uzkurt Cevahir
Published: June 2015

Several countries have introduced programs intended to develop or increase their competitiveness. Entrepreneurial universities in particular are considered critical actors in order to reach this goal. While in advanced economies many of this type of universities have been established over the years, this is not the situation in emerging economies. These economies are only in the beginning of this development. Against this background and the activities found in Turkey, the aim of this chapter is to shed light on the current state of Turkish universities regarding their development into entrepreneurial universities. The findings reported may be useful for academics, policymakers, and other actors interested in the topic.
Understanding the Use of Social Media for Employer Branding
Authors: Wolf Maxim Viktor , Sims Julian Mark , Yang Huadong
Published: June 2015

Employer branding applies marketing tools to promote an organisation as an employer to current and potential employees. The importance of strategic alignment between parts of the business has been highlighted in literature: marketing and human resource activities are no exception. On the contrary, the alignment of customer brand and employer brand is equally important to marketers and human resource managers. This chapter frames the creation and communication of the employer brand as a “strong communication system”. A framework for assessment of the system's strength is introduced and a practical application of this framework is demonstrated in two case studies. The conflict between the traditional top-down one-way marketing communication flow and bottom-up bi-directional communication on social media is highlighted and the impact of this apparent conflict on the system strength is discussed. Social media appears to change the way in which employer brand is created, communicated and perceived and this chapter aims in aiding the understating of this changes.
The Effects of Consumer Social Media Marketing Experiences on Brand Affect and Brand Equity
Authors: Tugrul Tugba Orten
Published: June 2015

A limited number of studies have shown that social media marketing activities positively contribute to brand performance. In this chapter, therefore, a conceptual framework elucidating how consumer social media marketing experiences lead to more favorable brand affect, and in turn, enhanced brand equity is proposed. Importantly, perceived social media marketing activities are identified as a key moderator influencing the effects of consumer social media marketing experiences on brand equity. Repeated measures ANOVA and regression analyses were conducted to test the proposed model in a study consisting of three phases. The results provide support for (a) the main effects of consumer social media marketing experiences on brand affect and brand equity, (b) the mediating effect of brand affect, and (c) the moderating effect of perceived social media marketing activities. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the theoretical and managerial implications of the research findings, and recommendations for future studies.
The Usage of Social Media in New Product Development Process
Authors: Liu Rebecca , Kop Aysegul Eda
Published: June 2015

This chapter contributes to a better understanding of the role of social media in the NPD process and a debate about the impact of social media on NPD success. Through a critical literature review, this chapter provides an insight into the impact of social media on incremental NPD and its contribution to NPD success, in the context of customer involvement. The review is mainly derived from 286 relevant papers published in top-ranked journals between 2005 and 2014. The results suggest that while social media provides an effective and efficient method for collecting information and knowledge about customers' expectations and experiences, it does not necessarily always lead to NPD success. The study shows that hidden customer needs, an advanced evaluation tool, the huge amount of information and a firm's absorptive capacity challenge the use of social media.
The Neuroscience of Social Television
Authors: Seixas Shaun A , Nield Geoffrey E , Pynta Peter , Silberstein Richard B
Published: June 2015

In a short few years, social media has become the dominant way in which we communicate with the outside world. It has become prevalent in almost every aspect of our daily lives, but one of the most significant changes social media has had, has been on the way we watch television. This phenomenon, known as dual screening, has caused some concern amongst marketers and advertisers, who believed that this behaviour was having an overall negative impact on consumer engagement with television. This chapter attempts to address some of these concerns by providing evidence obtained from the neurosciences and from a case study. The evidence we present in this chapter demonstrates the opposite effect, whereby social media can actually be used to enhance viewer engagement.
Social Media and Higher Education
Authors: Cohen Ivan K. , Salaber Julie
Published: June 2015

The constant rise in tuition fees has created increasing pressure for British universities to augment the range of marketing tools used to attract students in competition with both domestic and overseas institutions. This chapter investigates the role of social media as a communication and marketing tool for Higher Education Institutions in the UK. Social media is a powerful tool for both direct and indirect marketing, and is highly relevant for universities targeting youngsters who belong to the so-called Generation Y. After presenting the background for social media marketing and higher education, we investigate whether the use of social media as a marketing tool has been effective in raising awareness of British universities. To do so, we collect data on the use of social media by HEIs (in the UK and in the USA for comparison), as well as data on students' response to these new marketing strategies. Unlike many other organisations, it seems that social media play a positive role in promoting British Universities, although the evidence suggests that they still tend to use social media too much like more traditional forms of marketing and PR.
Revisiting Information Systems Research in Nonprofit Context
Authors: Eshraghi Ali
Published: June 2015

Understanding information technologies and systems in the context of nonprofits is under-developed field of study. Hence, this chapter reviews current literature on this field. It maps four conventional views on ICT's benefits for the sector. Then, using insights generated through an ethnographic study on a small voluntary organisation, the challenges and issues surrounding the process of adoption and use of both typical and new information technologies are explored. It is finally discussed that social technologies, based on the notion of Web 2.0, may have some partial advantageous for volunteer-based organisations but perhaps greater benefits will emerge at the individual level.
Customer Attitudes towards Internet Banking and Social Media on Internet Banking in the UK
Authors: Wang Yen-Yao , Shanmugam Mohana , Hajli Nick , Bugshan Hatem
Published: June 2015

Internet banking, a cost saving and productive service delivery channel, has become a new focus of banks along with developments in information and communication technology (ICT). The advancements of ICT may help improve customer satisfaction and influence customer attitudes towards Internet banking, especially on the issue of security. This chapter investigates the attitudes of customers in the UK towards Internet banking by conducting 25 in-depth interviews with various documents to supplement our analysis. Results indicate that security is the most important factor affecting Internet banking adoption in the UK. Furthermore, motivated by the growing importance of social media, this chapter also discusses the role of social media on Internet banking and provides some suggestions on how banks can leverage social media to enhance the adoption rate of Internet banking. The detailed results along with discussions, implications, and limitation are discussed at the end of this chapter.
Distributed Leadership and Its Applications in Health Care Settings
Authors: Farzipour Vida
Published: June 2015

In this chapter, I go through distributed leadership which is one of the mainstreams of plural leadership from social media perspective. In addition, the attributes and variants of distributed leadership are covered in this chapter. The role of social media to help the distribution of power and increasing engagement to enhance the quality of care and patient safety is also addressed in the health care context. It is concluded that Understanding distributed leadership and its application in the health care setting is largely related to the appreciation of the political and social power that currently exists.
Ethical Issues Underlying Instructional Case Writing and Research
Authors: Dinur Adva Rachel , Sherman Herbert
Published: June 2015

There appear two chapters in this textbook that explore the ethical issues surrounding instructional case writing, an area rarely discussed even in case journals. In this chapter, Section 1, “Conducting Research,” five issues (comprehensiveness, multiple realities, researcher bias, high cost, and reporting without influence) surrounding the primary data gathering process are described while Section 2, “Writing Cases,” includes a moral discourse on case author objectivity, authenticity, and co-authorship with students.
Ethical Implications of Incidental Findings in Pediatric Research
Authors: Omoruyi Emma A.
Published: June 2015

This chapter reviews the literature and ethics of disclosure of incidental findings in pediatric research. A clear example of an incidental finding is an unexpected abnormal finding, such as a brain tumor, on a research neuroimaging scan of a volunteer. When the research participant is a child, the issue of what to disclose and who to disclose to becomes more complicated. Parents play an important decision-making role in the lives of their children, and in conjunction with researchers, decide the benefits and risks children are exposed to in research settings. The potential ethical concern is parents making decisions that counter the interests of the child and how to handle information obtained that is outside the anticipated research findings.
A Socio-Economic Model for Developing Ethics Code in a Multicultural Environment
Authors: Ugboro Isaiah O. , Anyansi-Archibong Chi B.
Published: June 2015

As more and more business organizations assume global posture, the issue of what constitutes an ethical or unethical business conduct on the part of corporations and corporate officers has become a subject of intense debate without a generally accepted conclusion. This chapter proposes a socio-economic model for developing an ethics code of conduct in a global business environment. It considers the interaction between an organizational culture, leadership, and host country's national culture and sub-cultures, political system, and individual factors. It discusses the benefit and implications of such an integrative approach to ethical decision making.
Does Selection Mechanism for Temporary Employees in Public Sector Universities affect Right Selection?
Authors: Nabi Ghulam , Wei Song , Shabbir Muhammad
Published: June 2015

Recruitment and selection of temporary and permanent employees have always remained one of a top priority ongoing function in public sector universities across the globe. Although temporary employees recruitment and selection facilitates effective screening of potential employees on permanent basis but the question is how does this take place in the public sector universities when it comes to the selection of permanent faculty members, this is main theme of this study to analyze the approaches of temporary selection and its impact on effectiveness of permanent selection. The data collection was made from the senior faculty members who had vast experience in the public sector universities. This study has identified that the temporary selections have influenced the right selection in two ways, the one these appointments were not based on merit and secondly these were preferred over permanent appointments as well. This is first such a study that has focused this phenomenon in non-English speaking countries, particularly in SAARC region of Asia.
Characterization of a Sludge Derived Fuel
Authors: Zhang Rui Yu , Zhang Fu Shen
Published: June 2015

This work reports a special bio-fuel derived from sludge. Heat value, density, dropping intensity and heating stability were examined, and the influences of various process parameters were established. It was found that the addition of an aiding agent could increase the caloric value and higher briquetting pressure contributed to the quality and stability of the bio-fuel. Furthermore, the combustion properties of the bio-fuel products under different temperature were investigated.
Study on the Oil Pollution Investigation and Remediation Scheme Selection in the Typical Station of Daqing Oilfield
Authors: Liang Gang , Wang En Zhi
Published: June 2015

This study is aimed at four typical oil production plant station of Daqing oilfield of China petroleum (union station, transfer station, production wells and injection wells) ,where the surrounding shallow soil environmental background (pollution) status.Collecting the information nearby the typical stations within the scope of evaluation of geological and hydrogeological information and the surrounding soil environment information of the sensitive area.Building a conceptual model of the site.According to the characteristics of pollutants,pollution,the site conditions and environmental sensitivity,select and optimize the economic and applicable remediation of petroleum pollution inferring to the different situations of soil.
Composition and Correlative Concentration Analysis of Odorous Compounds Emitted from the Working Surface at a Landfill in Beijing
Authors: Li Dong , Lu Wen Jing , Liu Yan Jun , Wang Hong Tao
Published: June 2015

The estimation of odorous compounds production from landfill sites is a very complicated task because of the various chemical and biological species that exist in landfill gas. In this study, the correlative concentration between ethanol and other odorous compounds emitted from the working surface at a landfill in Beijing was analyzed. Gas sampling was conducted at the landfill on several selected days from March 2012 to March 2014, representing the different periods throughout the two years. A total of 41, 59, 66, 54, 63, 54, 41, 42 species of trace compounds were identified and quantified during eight sampling activities, respectively, and a total of 86 species of trace compounds were identified and quantified all together. The measured trace compounds were classified into six different categories (Oxygenated compounds, Halogenated compounds, Terpenes, Sulfur compounds, Aromatics and Hydrocarbons). The total average concentrations of the oxygenated compounds, sulfur compounds, aromatics, halogenated compounds, hydrocarbons and terpenes were 2.450 mg/m3, 0.246 mg/m3, 0.203 mg/m3, 0.319 mg/m3, 0.530 mg/m3, 0.217 mg/m3, respectively. The correlative concentrations of the odorous compounds with respect to the concentration of ethyl alcohol (ethyl alcohol taken 1000 ppm total) were determinate, which could make great significance to the estimation of odorous compounds emitted from the landfill sites.