bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organización y acción en el sindicalismo de base en argentina: un abordaje conceptual
Authors: Duhalde Santiago
Published: January 2014

En este artículo presentamos algunas conclusiones a partir de un estudio realizado en Argentina sobre tres juntas internas de delegados sindicales. El principal objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la importancia de la dimensión organizacional de las instituciones gremiales en el contexto de su acción sindical. Se trata de un estudio comparativo de tres entidades de base de la Asociación Trabajadores del Estado de Argentina, principalmente durante el período 2003-2010, selección realizada tomando en consideración las principales corrientes políticas presentes en este sindicato. En cuanto a las técnicas de recolección de datos, se conformaron grupos de discusión y se llevaron a cabo entrevistas en profundidad a delegados, afiliados y trabajadores en general. A su vez, se recolectó y analizó una vasta y heterogénea documentación sindical, sumada a información periodística relativa al período estudiado. También la observación participante, llevada a cabo en los distintos lugares de trabajo, resultó de gran ayuda a la hora de la interpretación global de los datos obtenidos. El examen de estas entidades de base se realizó tomando en cuenta un punto de vista procesual, que destaca la presencia de diferentes etapas de estas juntas internas. Esta perspectiva procesual nos permite dar cuenta del grado de relevancia explicativa tanto de los factores organizativos como de los factores de poder disponibles en las distintas etapas de estas juntas, sea a partir de su presencia o ausencia, o a partir del carácter particular que asumen en un período determinado. Como conclusión exponemos la relación que hemos encontrado entre el tipo de organización alcanzado por estas entidades de base y los logros obtenidos por las mismas. En este sentido, una mayor articulación política interna favorece una toma de decisiones unívocas y coherentes en lo que respecta a la relación con terceros actores, lo que repercute favorablemente en la puesta en práctica de las estrategias de acción y en la obtención de las metas planteadas. Así, las articulaciones que se tejen entre los distintos sectores que componen las juntas internas, se transforman aquí en un objeto privilegiado de atención, y las configuraciones que se derivan de estas relaciones aparecen luego como elementos explicativos de las acciones sindicales. En Argentina, los estudios clásicos sobre sindicalismo han puesto su mirada mayormente en los denominados "factores de poder" a la hora de explicar las estrategias de acción y los logros o fracasos de las entidades gremiales. En este trabajo, y sin negar la importancia de esos elementos, rescatamos el papel previo de la organización interna de estas instituciones (su articulación política) como base para la definición unitaria de estrategias de acción y la consecución de los objetivos establecidos.
A "família policial": vinculações e implicações entre relato e instituição
Authors: Sirimarco Mariana
Published: January 2014

A "família policial" é uma categoria de forte enraizamento na instituição policial. Alude, em primeira instância, às redes de parentesco de cada policial, mas também opera em outro sentido, mais metafórico, vinculando seus membros à instituição como um todo. Este trabalho procura se ancorar nestes usos e sentidos da "família policial", que remetem a um modelo discursivo apto a configurar uma determinada história institucional. Por que a agência policial escolhe, em determinadas situações, narrar-se como "família"? Que lógicas, sentidos e identidades podem ser construídos através das relações de parentesco? Dar conta destas questões é uma forma de avançar no reconhecimento da importância que reveste o relato a partir do qual se constrói uma determinada instituição.
Organizações como processos e Teoria Ator-Rede: a contribuição de John Law para os Estudos Organizacionais
Authors: Cavalcanti Maria Fernanda Rios , Alcadipani Rafael
Published: January 2014

Em anos recentes, muito se tem debatido a respeito de alternativas às ditas "abordagens representacionais" nos estudos das organizações. Tais discussões costumam destacar o aspecto processual e fluido da organização, que não pode ser tomada como um fim ou um objeto estático e, por isso, ela exige outras formas de explorar e compreender seu fenômeno. Uma abordagem que surge com relevante popularidade é a Teoria Ator-Rede (TAR). Entretanto, tal abordagem tem sido alvo de diversas críticas, que dizem respeito principalmente a uma suposta falta de caráter ou potencial político e/ou crítico. Tendo em vista tal contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é contrapor tais críticas às ideias forjadas nos trabalhos empíricos realizados por um dos autores que mais disseminaram e suscitaram discussões a respeito da TAR nos Estudos Organizacionais: John Law. Com isso, almeja-se, aqui, contribuir com subsídios para uma melhor compreensão da aplicabilidade da TAR nos estudos das organizações, destacando pontos que devem ser levados em consideração para que não sucumba às críticas a ela direcionadas; além disso, são discutidas algumas implicações dessa abordagem em trabalhos empíricos.
Do discurso e de sua análise: reflexões sobre limites e possibilidades na Ciência da Administração
Authors: Rodrigues Marcio Silva , Dellagnelo Eloise Helena Livramento
Published: January 2014

Considerando que tanto o discurso da empresa como o discurso científico (paradigma dominante) constituem-se, atualmente, em um veículo de manifestação/legitimação direta da ideologia vigente, seja para convencer, impor ou estabelecer acordos sobre o indivíduo, neste trabalho discutimos as características, os usos e as possibilidades da análise do discurso como uma proposta teórica e metodológica que, além de desnudar a crença em um único sentido, em uma única verdade, forneça meios que possibilitem promover tanto teorias e práticas distantes do modelo hegemônico como, principalmente, (re)construir sentidos e práticas, em todos os aspectos da vida humana envolvida, que estejam, de certa maneira, livres das pressões e do discurso e da ideologia vigente. Para concretizar essa proposta, primeiramente, apresentamos as noções gerais sobre discurso e análise do discurso, em seguida, abordamos as características de duas correntes da análise do discurso, a corrente francesa e a corrente inglesa - cuja evolução culminou na análise crítica do discurso - e, por fim, tecemos algumas considerações acerca das possibilidades de uso e de que maneira tal proposta pode auxiliar a romper com algumas práticas de pesquisa tradicionalmente elitistas e excludentes dentro da Ciência da Administração.
Formação de professores de inglês pré-serviço em Alagoas: uma reflexão sobre identidades
Authors: Stella Paulo Rogério , Cruz Daniel Adelino Costa Oliveira da
Published: January 2014

Este artigo reflete sobre a formação de professores de língua inglesa em situação pré-serviço no estado de Alagoas com base em noções de identidade e alteridade (PONZIO, 2010). Ao observarmos o contexto atual de ensino e aprendizagem dessa língua no estado, percebemos a presença de valores (BAKHTIN / VOLOCHINOV, [1926] 2000) negativos na identidade de professor dos graduandos que estão ingressando no ensino público, o que interfere diretamente em suas práticas de sala de aula. Propomos, então, um trabalho baseado em narrativas pessoais (WEBSTER; MERTOVA, 2007) com o objetivo da construção de alteridades firmes. Desse modo, temos a expectativa de que nossos graduandos em situação pré-serviço não percam de vista os valores positivos da educação e consequentemente não sucumbam às pressões contextuais.
Intercâmbios educacionais e diversidade cultural: implicações para o ensino de português para falantes de outras línguas
Authors: Nóbrega Maria Helena da
Published: January 2014

O crescimento dos intercâmbios estudantis em universidades brasileiras amplia a heterogeneidade cultural nos cursos de português para falantes de outras línguas. Este artigo analisa as implicações estruturais e pedagógicas decorrentes desse contexto multicultural e plurilinguístico. Pesquisa qualitativa com 25 alunos estrangeiros matriculados em curso de português para estrangeiros de universidade pública comprova essa diversidade cultural e linguística. Objetivando mapear o perfil desses alunos, a metodologia recorre a questionário, notas de campo e diário. A análise dos dados demonstra a necessidade de novas configurações nas práticas pedagógicas, bem como adaptações no espaço físico escolar. Para além dos aspectos linguísticos, a proposta enfatiza a necessidade de despertar sensibilidade para questões culturais e interculturais.
Physical and physiological qualities of soybean seed as affected by processing and handling
Authors: Moreano Tana Balesdent , Braccini Alessandro de Lucca e , Scapim Carlos Alberto , França-Neto José de Barros , Krzyzanowski Francisco Carlos , Marques Odair José
Published: January 2014

Seed processing machines remove viable seeds from non-viable seeds and inert materials based on physical characteristics. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of each processing machine alone on the physical and physiological qualities of the soybean seeds. Seed samples of two soybean cultivars - BMX Potência RR and NK 7059 RR - were collected from five machines separately: air-screen machine, spiral separator, size grader and gravity separator. The experimental design was a completely randomized factorial, varying with the equipment, with 20 replications. Samples were assessed by germination test, accelerated aging, viability and vigor by tetrazolium test (TZ), weathering damages (TZ class 3), mechanical damages (TZ 1-8) and (TZ 6-8), stink bug damages (TZ 1-8) and weight of one thousand seeds. The air-screen machine and the spiral separator did not contribute to improve physiological quality of seeds; the size grader concentrated mechanical damages in larger sizes and stink bug damages in smaller sizes. Gravity separators showed higher quality seeds at the upper part of the machine compared to intermediate and lower parts. Mechanical damages and stink bug damages can be reduced by gravity separator and weathering damages are not eliminated by any of the machines.
Incidence of pathogens and field emergence of soybean seeds subjected to harvest delay
Authors: Diniz Fábio Oliveira , Reis Múcio Silva , Araújo Eduardo Fontes , Dias Luiz Antônio dos Santos , Sediyama Tuneo , Sediyama-Bhering Camilla Atsumi Zanuncio
Published: January 2014

This study aimed at evaluating seed health quality, as well as seedling emergence in the field, of eight soybean cultivars (UFV-16, Splendor, Vencedora, Confiança, UFV-18, UFV-TN 105, Garantia, and Celeste) subjected to different harvest periods. To this, seeds were harvested at the growth stages R8, R8+15 days, and R8+30 days, and then submitted to health test and to the test of seedling emergence in field. Results showed that although seeds harvested at 15 and 30 days after the stage R8 had shown a significant increase of fungi infection, especially by Fusarium spp., Phomopsis spp., and Epicoccum spp., the percent seedling emergence in the field was reduced only to seeds harvested 30 days after the reproductive stage R8. Cultivars have shown differentiated behavior between each other in relation to the percent incidence rate of fungi and seedling emergence in the field; and the seeds least infected by fungi were those allowing the highest percent emergence of seedlings in the field.
Vigor tests for evaluation of crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst) seed quality
Authors: Cruz Sara Michelly , Nery Marcela Carlota , Rocha Adriana de Souza , Von Pinho Édila Vilela de Resende , Andrade Paulo César de Resende , Dias Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos
Published: January 2014

The aim of this study was adapting the methodology of the accelerated aging test (AA) and electrical conductivity test (EC) to evaluate seed quality of crambe, as well as verifying enzymatic activity in relation to vigor differences. Crambe seed lots, cv. FMS Brilhante, were evaluated by the AA test, for periods of 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, at 42 °C, with and without NaCl saturated solution; and the EC test, by soaking seeds into deionized water (mL) in the ratios of 25/25, 25/50, 50/50 and 50/75 (seed/water) for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 h. The electrophoretic profile for isozymes esterase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, isocitrate lyase, alcohol dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase was evaluated on polyacrylamide gel (7.5%). The AA test conducted at 42 °C, for 96 h, was efficient to detect differences on seed quality levels; however, the EC test was not suitable to evaluate vigor of those seeds. The bands stained for isozymes esterase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were evident for the more vigorous seeds; and the bands for isozymes isocitrate lyase and alcohol dehydrogenase were less evident for the less vigorous seeds. For enzyme malate dehydrogenase enzyme intensity of bands was similar.
Initial development of red and cultivated rice in response to light and air temperature
Authors: Venske Eduardo , Schaedler Carlos Eduardo , Rosa Mariana Peil da , Borges Carolina Terra , Avila Luis Antonio de , Zimmer Paulo Dejalma
Published: January 2014

Light is an important factor in the cold protection process in plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between temperatures and levels of quantity and quality of light on the initial development of rice cultivars and red rice biotypes. Two experiments were conducted, in the laboratory and in the greenhouse, from July to November 2012. The factors studied in experiment I were: temperatures (25 ºC and 18/13 ºC); cultivars/biotypes (IRGA 424 and PUITÁ INTA-CL/AV 6716 and AV 6722) and light (white, blue, green, yellow and red, 86% and 93% shading and dark). In the second experiment, the factors were seasons (August and November); cultivars/biotypes (IRGA 424 and PUITÁ INTA-CL/AV 6716 and AV 6722) and light (white with cover, white, blue, green, yellow and red, 86% and 93% shading). Were evaluated normal seedlings, shoot and root length, shoot and root dry weight and leaf area. The cultivars and biotypes studied have a similar behavior in response to temperature and light during early development. Light, especially the red wavelength, has increased cold tolerance in rice.
Sub-zero temperature enables storage of seeds of Caesalpinia echinata Lam
Authors: Mello Juliana Iura de Oliveira , Figueiredo-Ribeiro Rita de Cássia Leone , Barbedo Claudio José
Published: January 2014

Seeds of brazilwood usually have their germinability quickly reduced if stored under natural conditions. Low temperatures, mainly sub-zero, can extend this viability for at least two years. However, there is no information about the germination behavior of these seeds for longer periods, aiming at the germoplasm bank formation. The objective of this work was to evaluate the viability of brazilwood seeds during five-year storage period at 2, 8 and -18 °C. Before storage, seeds were subjected to artificial drying (50 °C) until the moisture content reached 10%. The germination and the normal seedling development of seeds maintained at low temperatures did not differ from other treatment during the first year of storage. However, after two years only seeds stored at -18 °C kept high germination percentage. Seeds stored for five years at -18 °C showed high values of germination and normal seedling development; however, after this period it was possible to identify some symptoms of seed deterioration. Storage at sub-zero temperatures is considered as an important initiative to maintain Caesalpinia echinata seed banks, contributing to the conservation of plant biodiversity.
Alterações auditivas associadas a complicações e comorbidades no diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Ferreira Juliana Mota , Câmara Marília Fontenele e Silva , Almeida Paulo César de , Brandão Neto José , Silva Carlos Antonio Bruno da
Published: January 2014

OBJETIVO: Investigar a presença de alterações auditivas, representadas por diminuição do limiar audiométrico e/ou ausência de emissões otoacústicas, associadas às características gerais, complicações crônicas e comorbidades em pacientes com diabetes tipo 2. MÉTODOS: Estudo realizado em unidade de atenção secundária, em Fortaleza, de abril a julho de 2010. Amostra de 152 pacientes de 36 a 60 anos de idade, portadores de diabetes tipo 2. Analisou-se dados clínicos relacionados ao diabetes e à avaliação audiológica, composta por audiometria tonal liminar, emissões otoacústicas evocadas por estímulo transiente e emissões otoacústicas evocadas produto de distorção. RESULTADOS: O gênero feminino predominou, com 95 (62,5%) pacientes. A média de idade foi 53,4 anos. Verificou-se perda auditiva sensorioneural em 96 (63,2%) pacientes, sendo a maioria perda coclear (83,3%). Cento e catorze pacientes (75%) apresentaram ausência de emissões transientes e 120 (78,9%), ausência de emissões produto de distorção. Os homens diabéticos demonstraram 4,4 vezes mais chance de perda auditiva que as mulheres. Quanto maior o tempo da doença, maior a probabilidade de perda auditiva. Os pacientes diabéticos acima de 50 anos também apresentaram maior chance para perda auditiva. CONCLUSÃO: Das comorbidades e complicações associadas ao diabetes, o sobrepeso/obesidade constitui fator de risco para alteração auditiva, estando associado à perda auditiva e ausência de emissões transientes. Os pacientes diabéticos com sobrepeso/obesidade apresentaram três vezes mais chances de alterações na audiometria e emissões otoacústicas.
Indicadores de saúde auditiva em Minas Gerais : um estudo por macrorregião
Authors: Maciel Fernanda Jorge , Januário Gabriela Cintra , Henriques Cibele Martins Alvarenga , Esteves Carolina Campos , Silva Marcone Alexandre da , Carvalho Sirley Alves da Silva , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar
Published: January 2014

OBJETIVO: Analisar a organização da Rede Estadual de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva em Minas Gerais, no ano de 2009, tendo como referência os indicadores de fluxo/atenção ao usuário, de gestão do sistema (metas) e configuração de procedimentos e equipes de referência. MÉTODOS: Estudo de abordagem quantitativa, analítico transversal, que considerou cinco variáveis centrais e nove variáveis complementares, para compreender a organização da Rede nas macrorregiões de saúde. Os dados foram obtidos no Sistema de Informação Ambulatorial e por meio de relatórios da Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais. Foi realizada análise descritiva das variáveis e, para verificar a correlação entre elas, utilizou-se o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson e o teste t de Student. RESULTADOS: Observou-se, entre as macrorregiões, variação no comportamento dos indicadores analisados, sendo que alguns Serviços de Atenção à Saúde Auditiva (SASA) parecem assumir serviços de outras regiões. Em todo o Estado, o valor médio de sessões de terapia fonoaudiológica por paciente, com Aparelho de Amplificação Sonora Individual (AASI), nas macrorregiões, foi de 10. No entanto, a média de produção de terapia foi inferior à média de adaptação de AASI, na maioria das macrorregiões. A grande demanda de adaptação parece estar orientando a organização dos serviços, que tem privilegiado a adaptação e não o acompanhamento, por meio das sessões de terapia individual. CONCLUSÃO: Acredita-se que o maior desafio da Rede seja fortalecer a dimensão da longitudinalidade do cuidado, descentralizadamente, por meio, principalmente, do serviço de fonoaudiologia descentralizada, propiciando maior efetividade aos serviços.
Processo de diagnóstico da surdez em crianças na percepção de familiares e gestores
Authors: Silva Luciana Santos Gerosino da , Gonçalves Claudia Giglio de Oliveira
Published: January 2014

OBJETIVO: Analisar a percepção de familiares e gestores (educação e saúde) sobre o processo de diagnóstico da surdez em crianças de um município do Paraná. MÉTODOS: A coleta de dados deu-se a partir da técnica de grupo focal formado por dez pais e por entrevista aberta individual com gestores. A análise do material extraído foi feita por meio do estudo do conteúdo na modalidade temática. A discussão dos dados foi organizada pela análise das falas dos sujeitos. RESULTADOS: Foi possível extrair duas grandes categorias temáticas: frustração no processo de diagnóstico, acolhimento e orientação; dificuldades na relação intersetorial Saúde e Educação. CONCLUSÃO: Os desdobramentos da surdez diagnosticada tardiamente permearam os âmbitos relacionados à saúde e à educação das crianças com surdez. O diagnóstico precoce e o acolhimento adequado não ocorreu na maioria das crianças e verificou-se que a relação intersetorial (saúde e educação) é insatisfatória.
A relação entre a interação mãe-criança no desenvolvimento da linguagem oral de recém-nascidos prematuros
Authors: Brocchi Beatriz Servilha , Leme Maria Isabel da Silva
Published: January 2014

OBJETIVO: Verificar o impacto da interação mãe-criança no desenvolvimento da linguagem oral de crianças pré-termo, visto que a prematuridade pode prejudicar esse processo. MÉTODOS: Participaram da pesquisa 20 díades de mães e filhos de 5 a 6 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de prematuridade ao nascimento. Realizou-se anamnese com as mães e avaliação da linguagem oral das crianças. RESULTADOS: As mães, em sua maioria, se consideraram como as principais cuidadoras de seus filhos e referiram ser mais importante controlar o comportamento e cuidar, do que estimulá-los. As crianças, por sua vez, apresentaram desempenho abaixo do esperado para todos os testes realizados. CONCLUSÃO: Além da contribuição dos fatores biológicos associados à prematuridade, esses resultados podem ser atribuídos à quantidade e à qualidade da interação materno-infantil, visto que as mães informaram priorizar a obediência e o bom comportamento mais que o estímulo ao desenvolvimento, na educação dos filhos.
Factors Affecting Germination of Citronmelon (Citrullus lanatusvar.citroides)
Authors: Ramirez Analiza Henedina M. , Jhala Amit J. , Singh Megh
Published: January 2014

Citron melon is a monoecious, hairy annual vine commonly found in citrus orchards, and cotton and peanut fields. Information is not available on the effect of various environmental factors on the germination of citron melon. Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were carried out in 2011 and 2012 to determine the effect of light, temperature, salinity, pH, simulated water stress, and depth of sowing on the germination of citron melon. Citron melon germination was affected by various environmental factors. Highest germination was observed at day/night temperatures of 25/20 to 30/25 C regardless of light conditions. At temperatures below 25 C and beyond 35 C, germination declined and was higher under dark condition than light. Germination decreased as osmotic potential became more negative (−0.3 MPa to −1.5 MPa) and salt concentration increased (50 to 350 mM). No germination was observed at > −0.9 MPa and ≥ 300 mM salt concentrations. However, germination was observed over a broad range of pH (3 to 9) and up to 10-cm sowing depths. Seeds sown at the surface did not germinate but maximum germination (88 to 96%) occurred at 2- to 4-cm depth. The results of this study suggest that citron melon can grow in a wide range of climatic conditions and therefore can persist in Florida because of favorable weather and environmental conditions.
An Imagery-Based Weed Cover Threshold Established Using Expert Knowledge
Authors: Longchamps Louis , Panneton Bernard , Simard Marie-Josée , Leroux Gilles D.
Published: January 2014

The implementation of site-specific weed management requires information about weed cover and decision support systems to determine weed cover thresholds and concomitant herbicide rates. Although it is possible to create accurate weed cover maps over large areas, weed cover thresholds have generally been evaluated using tedious weed density counts. To bridge this gap between weed cover obtained by machine vision and the concept of economic threshold, crop advisers specializing in weed scouting were asked to evaluate over 2,500 weed cover images (2 m by 3 m) and determine if a given image would require herbicide application or not. Using the area under the “receiver operating characteristic” curve method, an optimal weed cover threshold was established. The derived economic thresholds ranged from 0.06 to 0.31% weed cover contingent on the level of tolerance of the expert adviser. Although this threshold seems low, it is comparable with economic threshold values based on weed density.
Effect of Kochia (Kochia scoparia) Interference on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) Yield
Authors: Lewis Derek W. , Gulden Robert H.
Published: January 2014

Kochia is a weed found in many sunflower fields across the Northern Great Plains. There is limited information about the ability of sunflower plants to compete with kochia, specifically when the weed grows both in the crop row and in the inter-row space, as in zero tillage systems that rely solely on herbicides to manage weeds. An experiment was conducted over seven site–yr, from 2009 to 2011, to determine the effect of kochia density and relative time of kochia seedling recruitment on sunflower growth and development, yield and seed quality. Kochia seed was broadcast on the soil surface at six densities, into sunflowers planted in 75-cm rows, either at the same time as the sunflower crop was planted (early weed seedling recruitment), or when the sunflowers were at the four-leaf stage (late weed seedling recruitment). When kochia plants emerged at the same time as the sunflowers, yield was reduced by up to 76% and sunflower head diam was reduced in four site–yr, stem diam was reduced in three site–yr, height was reduced in two site–yr and the number of leaves per sunflower plant was reduced in two site–yr The 5% action threshold for early emerging kochia was four kochia plants m−2in the combined site–yr analysis. Additionally, early recruiting kochia seedlings reduced sunflower seed size and seed weight at two and three site–yr, respectively. Kochia plants that emerged after the four-leaf stage of the sunflower crop did not affect sunflower growth and development, yield, or seed quality. To reduce the potential for yield and seed quality losses, sunflower growers should be proactive with respect to managing kochia in sunflowers, particularly when the kochia plants emerge at about the same time as the sunflowers.
Reduced Glyphosate Translocation in Two Glyphosate-Resistant Populations of Rigid Ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) from Fence Lines in South Australia
Authors: Adu-Yeboah Patricia , Malone Jenna M. , Gill Gurjeet , Preston Christopher
Published: January 2014

Populations of rigid ryegrass with resistance to glyphosate have started to become a problem on fence lines of cropping fields of southern Australian farms. Seed of rigid ryegrass plants that survived glyphosate application were collected from two fence line locations in Clare, South Australia. Dose–response experiments confirmed resistance of these fence line populations to glyphosate. Both populations required 9- to 15-fold higher glyphosate dose to achieve 50% mortality in comparison to a standard susceptible population. The mechanism of resistance in these populations was investigated. Sequencing a conserved region of the gene encoding 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase identified no differences between the resistant and susceptible populations. Absorption of glyphosate into leaves of the resistant populations was not different from the susceptible population. However, the resistant plants retained significantly more herbicide in the treated leaf blades than did the susceptible plants. Conversely, susceptible plants translocated significantly more herbicide to the leaf sheaths and untreated leaves than the resistant plants. The differences in translocation pattern for glyphosate between the resistant and susceptible populations of rigid ryegrass suggest resistance is associated with altered translocation of glyphosate in the fence line populations.
Effects of Soil Amendments on the Abundance of a Parasitic Weed, Yellow Rattle (Rhinanthus minor) in Hay Fields
Authors: Smith Richard G. , Cox Dorn A.
Published: January 2014

Yellow rattle is a hemiparasitic weed that is becoming increasingly problematic in hay fields in the northeastern United States. The biomass of yellow rattle was assessed in two experiments in which commercially available soil amendments were applied to an infested hay field under no-till management. The amendments were applied in the fall of 2010 and 2011 and included wood ash, biochar, hardwood sawdust, lime, and K. Wood ash applied at a rate of 8,967 kg ha−1 (4 tons per acre) had the greatest suppressive effect and reduced yellow rattle biomass the following summer by 86 and 92% relative to the untreated control in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. Two additional treatments included in Experiment 2, a doubled rate of wood ash and sawdust applied at a rate of 13,450 kg ha−1, also reduced yellow rattle biomass. No other treatments affected yellow rattle biomass. A partial least-squares regression (PLSR) analysis that included aboveground plant community and soil biochemical data explained only 42.4% of the variation in yellow rattle biomass, suggesting that the mechanisms responsible for the suppression of yellow rattle by wood ash and sawdust are complex. Amending hay fields with wood ash or sawdust may be an effective nonherbicide strategy for managing yellow rattle infestations. Additional research will be required to determine the mechanisms and generality of yellow rattle suppression by wood ash and sawdust amendments to the soil.
New reports highlight the critical role of health and safety in professional engineering
Authors: Walker Graeme
Published: January 2014

Managing health and safety risks has always been a vital role for civil engineers. Graeme Walker of the Institution of Civil Engineers health and safety panel introduces three new pan-industry reports which look set to raise the professional status of health and safety in engineering generally.
Comparative study on field collected samples of aged silicon rubber composite coatings for high voltage insulators
Authors: Tudose I.V. , Suchea M. , Siderakis K. , Thalassinakis E. , Koudoumas E.
Published: January 2014

: Pollution of high voltage (HV) insulators is a phenomenon with a considerable impact to the performance of transmission and distribution electrical networks. The use of composite materials and especially Silicone Rubber proved to be an efficient improvement, capable of suppressing the problem and diminishing the flashover probability. As a result ceramic insulators in transmission lines are replaced by insulators with composite housing, either HTV Silicone Rubber or LSR. In the case of HV substations however, the replacement of insulators is rather difficult, due to the complexity of the equipment and the corresponding financial cost. In this case the application of RTV Silicone Rubber is an equivalent alternative. The ceramic insulators are covered with a 0.5 mm RTV SIR coating which provides the advantages of composite insulators on a ceramic substrate. After installation the possible material lifetime, which is determined by the service conditions and the material formulation, is of primary concern. In Crete, a large scale application exists and coatings that exceed a service period of 10 years are still in operation. The present study focuses on the structural and morphological characterization of field collected composite insulators of various ages so that the degradation degree can be correlated with their service.
Control Study of Siret River Quality in Pascani County Area and Estimation of Its Pollution Level
Authors: Zaharia Carmen , Radu Iuliana
Published: January 2014

The study presents some authors’ experimental results for determination of some quality indicators (few general, specific and toxic physical-chemical indicators) analyzed at the beginning of summer season (June, 2013), in three control sections of Siret River in Pascani town area (i.e. Lunca-Pascani entrance, 1 km-upstream, and 1 km-downstream of Pascani bridge, respectively). The real pollution status of Siret River in Pascani town area is also estimated by the global pollution index (I* GP), and corresponds to values between 3.215-3.891 indicating ‘an aquatic environment modified by domestic and economic activities alongside the river with generation of stress effect against life forms’.
In vitro dissolution and in vivo gamma scintigraphic evaluation of press-coated salbutamol sulfate tablets
Authors: Li Wei , Shi Cai-Hong , Sheng Yi-Ling , Cui Ping , Zhao Yu-Qing , Zhang Xiang-Rong
Published: January 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro and in vivo performance of salbutamol sulfate press-coated tablets for delayed release. The in vitro release behavior of press-coated tablets with the outer layer of PEG 6000/ Eudragit S100 blends (2:1) in pH 1.2 (0.1 mol L-1 HCl) and then pH 6.8 buffer solution was examined. Morphological change of the press-coated tablet during in vitro release was recorded with a digital camera. Release of salbutamol sulfate from press-coated tablets was less than 5 % before 3 h and was completed after 8 h in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution. In vivo gamma scintigraphy study carried out on healthy men indicated that the designed system released the drug in lower parts of the GI tract after a lag time of 5 hours. The results showed the capability of the system of achieving delayed release of the drug in both in vitro and in vivo gamma scintigraphy studies.
Lévy flights in binary optimization
Authors: Klimt Martin , Kukal Jaromír , Mojzeš Matej
Published: January 2014

There are many optimization heuristics which involves mutation operator. Reducing them to binary optimization allows to study properties of binary mutation operator. Modern heuristics yield from Lévy flights behavior, which is a bridge between local search and random shooting in binary space. The paper is oriented to statistical analysis of binary mutation with Lévy flight inside and Quantum Tunneling heuristics.
Comparison of state feedback and PID control of pressurizer water level in nuclear power plant
Authors: Czapliński Mariusz , Sokólski Paweł , Duzinkiewicz Kazimierz , Piotrowski Robert , Rutkowski Tomasz
Published: January 2014

The pressurizer water level control system in nuclear power plant with pressurized water reactor (PWR) is responsible for coolant mass balance. The main control goal is to stabilize the water level at a reference value and to suppress the effect of time-varying disturbances (e.g. coolant leakage in primary circuit pipeline system). In the process of PWR power plant operation incorrect water level may disturb pressure control or may cause damage to electric heaters which could threaten plant security and stability. In modern reactors standard PID controllers are used to control water level in a pressurizer. This paper describes the performance of state feedback integral controller (SFIC) with reduced-order Luenberger state observer designed for water level control in a pressurizer and compares it to the standard PID controller. All steps from modeling of a pressurizer through control design to implementation and simulation testing in Matlab/Simulink environment are detailed in the paper.
Feedback saddle point equilibria for soft-constrained zero-sum linear quadratic descriptor differential game
Authors: Musthofa Muhammad Wakhid ,   Salmah, Engwerda Jacob C. , Suparwanto Ari
Published: January 2014

In this paper the feedback saddle point equilibria of soft-constrained zero-sum linear quadratic differential games for descriptor systems that have index one will be studied for a finite and infinite planning horizon. Both necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a feedback saddle point equilibrium are considered
Oyster-bioimmured ammonites from the Upper Albian of Annopol, Poland: stratigraphic and palaeobiogeographic implications
Authors: Machalski Marcin , Kennedy William J.
Published: January 2014

Machalski, M. and Kennedy, W.J. 2013. Oyster-bioimmured ammonites from the Upper Albian of Annopol, Poland: stratigraphic and palaeobiogeographic implications. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63 (4), 545-554. Warszawa.

Ammonites Mortoniceras (Subschloenbachia) sp. are preserved as attachment scars on the oyster shells from the topmost portion of the Albian succession at Annopol, Poland. These oyster-bioimmured ammonites show a closest affinity to the representatives of Mortoniceras (Subschloenbachia) characteristic of the upper Upper Albian Mortoniceras perinflatum Zone. No ammonites indicative of the uppermost Albian-lowermost Cenomanian Praeschloenbachia briacensis Zone are recorded. Thus, the hiatus at the Albian-Cenomanian boundary at Annopol embraces the latter zone. The presence (and dominance) of Mortoniceras in the upper Upper Albian ammonite assemblage of Annopol suggests that the representatives of this Tethyan genus could migrate into the epicratonic areas of Poland directly from the Tethyan Realm, via the Lwow (Lviv) region.
Silicified sea life – Macrofauna and palaeoecology of the Neuburg Kieselerde Member (Cenomanian to Lower Turonian Wellheim Formation, Bavaria, southern Germany)
Authors: Schneider Simon , Jager Manfred , Kroh Andreas , Mitterer Agnes , Niebuhr Birgit , Vodrazka Radek , Wilmsen Markus , Wood Christopher J. , Zagorsk Kamil
Published: January 2014

Schneider, S., Jager, M., Kroh, A., Mitterer, A., Niebuhr, B., Vodražka, R., Wilmsen, M., Wood, C.J. and Zagoršek, K. 2013. Silicified sea life - Macrofauna and palaeoecology of the Neuburg Kieselerde Member (Cenomanian to Lower Turonian Wellheim Formation, Bavaria, southern Germany). Acta Geologica Polonica, 63(4), 555-610. Warszawa.

With approximately 100 species, the invertebrate macrofauna of the Neuburg Kieselerde Member of the Wellheim Formation (Bavaria, southern Germany) is probably the most diverse fossil assemblage of the Danubian Cretaceous Group. Occurring as erosional relicts in post-depositional karst depressions, both the Cretaceous sediments and fossils have been silicified during diagenesis. The Neuburg Kieselerde Member, safely dated as Early Cenomanian to Early Turonian based on inoceramid bivalve biostratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy, preserves a predominantly soft-bottom community, which, however, is biased due to near-complete early diagenetic loss of aragonitic shells. The community is dominated by epifaunal and semi-infaunal bivalves as well as sponges that settled on various (bio-) clasts, and may widely be split into an early bivalve-echinoid assemblage and a succeeding sponge-brachiopod assemblage. In addition to these groups we document ichnofauna, polychaete tubes, nautilids and bryozoans. The fauna provides evidence of a shallow to moderately deep, calm, fully marine environment, which is interpreted as a largescale embayment herein. The fauna of the Neuburg Kieselerde Member is regarded as an important archive of lower Upper Cretaceous sea-life in the surroundings of the Mid-European Island.
Lower and Middle Cenomanian ammonites from the Morondava Basin, Madagascar
Authors: Kennedy William James , Walaszczyk Ireneusz , Gale Andrew S. , Dembicz Krzysztof , Praszkier Tomasz
Published: January 2014

Kennedy, W.J., Walaszczyk, I., Gale, A.S., Dembicz, K. and Praszkier, T. 2013. Lower and Midle Cenomanian ammonites from the Morondava Basin, Madagascar. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63(4), 625-655. Warszawa.

Lower and Middle Cenomanian ammonite assemblages have been collected on a bed-by-bed basis from localities at Vohipaly and Mahaboboka, Madagascar, as well as from outcrops around Berekata, all in the Morondava Basin, southwest Madagascar. These collections demonstrate the presence of the upper Lower Cenomanian Mantelliceras dixoni Zone and the lower Middle Cenomanian Cunningtoniceras inerme Zone of the north-western European standard sequence. These records indicate that the striking anomalies in the zonal assemblages of the classic divisions of the Madagascan Cenomanian are based on mixed assemblages, rather than a succession that differs radically from that elsewhere in the world. The dixoni Zone fauna is: Desmoceras cf. latidorsatum (Michelin, 1838), Pachydesmoceras kossmati Matsumoto, 1987, Forbesiceras sp., F. baylissiWright & Kennedy, 1984, F. largilliertianum (d’Orbigny, 1841), Mantelliceras cantianum Spath, 1926a, M. dixoni Spath, 1926b, M. mantelli (J. Sowerby, 1814), M. picteti Hyatt, 1903, M. saxbii (Sharpe, 1857), Sharpeiceras sp., S. falloti (Collignon, 1931), S. mocambiquense (Choffat, 1903), S. cf. florencae Spath, 1925, Acompsoceras renevieri (Sharpe, 1857), A. tenue Collignon, 1964, Calycoceras sp., Mrhiliceras lapparenti (Pervinquière, 1907), Mariella (Mariella) stolizcai (Collignon, 1964), Hypoturrilites taxyfabreae (Collignon, 1964), Turrilites scheuchzerianus Bosc, 1801, Sciponoceras cucullatum Collignon, 1964, and Sciponoceras antanimangaensis (Collignon, 1964). The presence of Calycoceras in a Lower Cenomanian association represents a precocious appearance of a genus typically Middle and Upper Cenomanian in occurrence, and matches records from Tunisia. The inerme Zone yields a more restricted assemblage: Pachydesmoceras kossmati, Forbesiceras baylissi, Acanthoceras sp. juv., Cunningtoniceras cunningtoni (Sharpe, 1855) and Hypoturrilites taxyfabreae.
Experimental method for estimation of compaction in the Oxfordian bedded limestones of the southern Kraków-Częstochowa Upland, Southern Poland
Authors: Kochman Alicja , Matyszkiewicz Jacek
Published: January 2014

Kochman, A. and Matyszkiewicz, J. 2013. Experimental method for estimation of compaction in the Oxfordian bedded limestones of the southern Krakow-Częstochowa Upland, Southern Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63(4), 681-696. Warszawa.

The Upper Jurassic carbonates exposed in the southern part of the Krakow-Częstochowa Upland are well known for their significant facies diversity related to the presence of microbial and microbial-sponge carbonate buildups and bedded detrital limestone in between. Both the buildups and detrital limestones revealed differential susceptibility to compaction which, apart from differential subsidence of the Palaeozoic basement and synsedimentary faulting, was one of the factors controlling seafloor palaeorelief in the Late Jurassic sedimentary basin. The compaction of the detrital limestones has been estimated with an experimental oedometric method in which specially prepared mixtures made of ground limestones from a quarry in the village of Żary were subjected to oedometer tests. The diameters of the detrital grains and their percentages in the limestones were determined by microscopic examinations of thin sections. The diameters were assigned to predetermined classes corresponding to the Udden-Wentworth scale. The rock samples were then ground down to the grain sizes observed in thin sections. From such materials, mixtures were prepared of grain size distributions corresponding to those observed in thin sections. After adding water the mixtures were subjected to oedometer tests. Analysis of the compression of such mixtures under specific loads enabled preparation of a mathematical formula suitable for the estimation of mechanical compaction of the limestone. The obtained values varied from 27.52 to 55.53% for a load corresponding to 300 metres burial depth. The most significant effect of mechanical compaction was observed for loads representing only 2 metres burial depth. Further loading resulted in a much smaller reduction in sample height.

The results of the oedometer tests cannot be used directly to determine compaction of the detrital limestones. Mainly because microscopic observations of thin sections of the experimental material show that chemical compaction was also an important factor influencing thickness reduction of the limestones.
Quartz c-axis fabrics in constrictionally strained orthogneisses: implications for the evolution of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome, the Sudetes, Poland
Authors: Żelaźniewicz Andrzej , Kromuszczyńska Olga , Biegała Natalia
Published: January 2014

Żelaźniewicz, A., Kromuszczyńska, O. and Biegała, N. 2013. Quartz c-axis fabrics in constrictionally strained orthogneisses: implications for the evolution of the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome, the Sudetes, Poland. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63(4), 697-722, Warszawa.

The Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome (OSD), NE Bohemian Massif, contains in its core several gneiss variants with protoliths dated at ~500 Ma. In the western limb of the OSD, rodding augen gneisses (Spalona gneiss unit) are mainly L>S tectonites with a prominent stretching lineation. The few quartz LPO studies have produced somewhat discrepant results. Reexamination of these rocks revealed that texture formation was a protracted, multistage process that involved strain partitioning with changing strain rate and kinematics in a general shear regime at temperatures of the amphibolite facies (450-600°C). Quartz c-axis microfabrics show complex yet reproducible patterns that developed under the joint control of strain geometry and temperature; thus the LPOs are mixed features represented by pseudogirdle patterns. Domainal differences in quartz microfabrics (ribbons, tails, quartzo-feldspathic aggregate) are common in the Spalona orthogneisses but uncommon in the sheared migmatitic gneisses. In the latter rocks, the constrictional strain was imposed on the originally planar fabric defined by high-temperature migmatitic layering. The constrictional fabric of the Spalona gneisses may have developed in the hinge zones of kilometer-scale folds, where the elongation occurred parallel to the fold axes. Other occurrences of rodding gneisses throughout the Orlica-Śnieżnik Dome are thought to occupy similar structural positions, which would point to the significance of large-scale folds in the tectonic structure of the dome.
EXPERIMENT OF GASIFICATION OF THE SYNTHETICALLY MIXED SAMPLE OF WASTE IN NITROGEN ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Lázár Marián , Jasminská Natália , Lengyelová Marta
Published: January 2014

The article presents results of gasification of the synthetically mixed sample of waste in a 30 kVA transferred DC plasma reactor with a hollow graphite electrode. The subject of the research is a sample of waste consisting of components normally found in a municipal waste. The experimental test of waste gasification with a high level of organic fraction was implemented due to the verification of previously mentioned technology application also in the area of waste disposal at the current construction design of the reactor. Gasification took place in the inert atmosphere at the average temperature of 1578 °C. The goal of the experiment was the verification of possible synthesis gas production applicable in the energetic applications and focus of the possible usage of the energetic potential of, up to now not often used, secondary energy sources such as wastes.
CORROSION RESISTANCE OF MECHANICALLY ALLOYED 14%Cr ODS FERRITIC STEEL
Authors: Oksiuta Zbigniew , Och Ewa
Published: January 2014

The paper presents results of the corrosion resistance of mechanically alloyed oxide dispersion strengthened 14% Cr ferritic stainless. The oxide dispersion strengthened steel was prepared by means of the powder metallurgy route that consists of mechanical alloying of a pre-alloyed argon atomized steel powder (Fe-14Cr-2W-0.3Ti) with 0.3 Y2O3 (wt%), followed by HIPping at 1150°C and annealing at 850°C for 1 h. The density of ODS ferritic steel after consolidation was about 99.0% of theoretical alloy density. The potentiodynamic corrosion tests were performed for 1h and 24 h of material exposure in a physiological saline solution. For comparison the 316 LV austenitic stainless steel was also examined. The obtained results revealed that both materials were in a passive stage, however the lower current corrosion density was measured for 316 LV steel. On the contrary, the austenitic stainless steel exhibited unstable chemical processes at the passive region. On the surface of both materials localized pitting corrosion was observed with different morphology of the cavities. A broken oxide scale with poor adhesion to the ferritic steel matrix with large number of density of localized corrosion attack was observed on the surface of the ODS steel.