bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis keragaman genetik Phytophthora palmivora dari tanaman kakao di Indonesia menggunakan AFLP Genetic diversity analysis of Phytophthora palmivora from cocoa in Indonesia using AFLP
Authors: PURWANTARA Agus , UMAYAH Abu
Published: September 2018

Abstract Phytophthora palmivora is the causal agent of pod rot, stem canker, seedling and leaf blight and cherelle wilt of cacao (Theobroma cacao) in Indonesia.  The genetic structure of the pathogen population across the country is unknown.  In this study, a population of 20 cultures of P. palmivora isolated from cocoa at six major cocoa producing provinces namely Sumatera Utara, Lampung, Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, Sulawesi Selatan and Sulawesi Tenggara in Indonesia was evaluated for genotypic diversity using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP).  Ten primer combinations were used to evaluate all isolates, 68 out of 347 AFLP markers (19.6 %) produced were polymorphic.  Results of the AFLP analyses showed that the P. palmivora population in Indonesia possessed high degree of similarity (96 %). AFLP banding patterns indicated that the isolates form two distinct groups, but with no genetic differentiation based on geography, types of cocoa or the part of the tree from which the isolates were obtained.  These data suggest that frequent outbreaks of Phytophthora pod rot in various growing regions is probably resulted from changing of local climatic condition which is condusive for the disease epidemic rather than from different genetic structure or pathogenic populations of this pathogen, which would affect recommendations for disease management.Abstrak Phytophthora palmivora adalah penyebab penyakit busuk buah, kanker batang, hawar bibit dan daun, dan layu pentil pada tanaman kakao (Theobroma cacao) di Indonesia.  Struktur genetik dari populasi patogen di seluruh negeri belum diketahui.  Pada kajian ini, 20 kultur P. palmivora yang diisolasi dari berbagai bagian tanaman kakao dari enam provinsi penghasil kakao di Indonesia, yaitu Sumatera Utara, Lampung, Jawa Barat, Jawa Timur, Sulawesi Selatan dan Sulawesi Tenggara diuji keragaman genetiknya mengguna-kan amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP). Sepuluh kombinasi primer digunakan untuk menguji semua isolat, 68 di antara 347 penanda AFLP (19,6 %) yang dihasilkan adalah polimorfik.  Hasil analisis AFLP menun-jukkan bahwa populasi P. palmivora di Indonesia mempunyai tingkat kekerabatan yang tinggi (96 %).  Pola pita AFLP menunjukkan bahwa kedua puluh isolat membentuk dua kelompok, tetapi tidak ada perbedaan berdasar letak geografis, tipe kakao atau bagian tanaman kakao asal isolat diperoleh. Data ini menunjukkan bahwa ledakan penyakit busuk buah Phytophthora yang sering terjadi di berbagai daerah diduga lebih diakibatkan oleh perubahan kondisi iklim setempat yang memicu terjadinya epidemi daripada karena perbedaan genetik atau patogenisitas dari populasi patogen, sehingga hasil ini dapat melengkapi saran-saran dalam pengelolaan penyakit.
Efektivitas dolomit teraktivasi yang diperkaya dengan bakteri pelarut fosfat sebagai pengganti kiserit pada bibit kakao The effectiveness of activated dolomite enriched by phosphate solubilizing bacteria as kieserite substitute on cocoa seedling
Authors: SANTI Laksmita Prima , GOENADI Didiek Hadjar
Published: September 2018

Abstract Magnesium (Mg) deficiency is commonly found in acid soils with high weathering intensity as widely present in tropical and sub-tropical regions, or those developed from low Mg-content parent materials. To overcome Mg deficiency, dolomite is often used to replace kieserite although the former is less reactive than the later. An activation technology by heating up to 800oC, followed by sulfic acid addition, then enriched by phosphate solubilizing bacteria is prospective to improve Mg solubility in soils. This research was aimed to enhance dolomite reactivity and to determine the effectiveness of activated dolomite enriched by phosphate solubilizing bacteria as Mg nutrient sources substituting kieserite on cocoa seedling growth. The results indicate that total and solubility in water of MgO from the prototype of activated dolomite were 26.7 and 9.2%, respectively. Using cocoa seedling as test plant, the use of activated dolomite enriched by using 109 cfu of Pseudomonas sp. at 3.85 g/seedling and combined with 100% dosages of NPK fertilizers showed the best vegetative growth and total dry mass of seedlings was significantly higher than that of 100% NPK-Mg kieserite standard dosage Abstrak Defisiensi Mg umumnya ditemukan pada tanah masam dengan tingkat pelapukan tinggi yang banyak terdapat di daerah tropik, subtropik, dan tanah yang terbentuk dari bahan induk miskin Mg. Untuk mengatasi defisiensi Mg, dolomit sering digunakan sebagai pengganti kiserit walaupun sifatnya kurang reaktif jika dibandingkan kiserit. Teknologi aktivasi dengan pemanasan mencapai 800oC, dilanjutkan dengan penambahan asam sulfat serta pengkayaan dengan bakteri pelarut fosfat diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kelarutan Mg di dalam tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan reaktivitas dolomit serta menetapkan efektivitas dolomit teraktivasi yang diperkaya dengan bakteri pelarut fosfat sebagai sumber hara Mg pengganti kieserit pada bibit kakao. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa kadar MgO total dan kelarutan dalam air pada dolomit teraktivasi masing-masing 26,7 dan 9,2%. Dengan menggunakan bibit kakao sebagai tanaman uji, aplikasi 3,85 g dolomit teraktivasi yang diperkaya dengan 109 cfu Pseudomonas sp./bibit yang dikombinasikan dengan 100% dosis pupuk NPK menunjukkan pertumbuhan vegetatif paling baik dan total bobot kering bibit kakao yang secara nyata lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan pemberian 100% dosis standar NPK-Mg kiserit.
Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit buah kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, dan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: MULYATNI Agustin Sri , BUDIANI Asmini , TANIWIRYONO Darmono
Published: September 2018

AbstractCocoa (Theobroma cacao L.), one of the most important export commodities from Indonesia, is widely planted with current total area of 1.6 million Ha, producing 500.000 metric tons of dry bean  in 2011 . At the time of harvest, instead of seed approximately the same volume cacao husk is produced. The aim of the study was to assess the potential of cocoa husk extract as an antibacterial against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus, and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cocoa husk extract to the three test bacteria. Extraction of cocoa husk conducted by maceration method using ethanol 96%. Analysis of antibacterial activity was done by paper disc diffusion method. Completely Randomized Design of single factor presentage that is extract concentration of 0; 1; 2; 4; 8; 16; 32; and 64% (g/mL) with three replicans were applied.The results showed that the extract of cocoa pod husk has antibacterial activity against S. aureus, B. subtilis, and E. coli with the MIC are 8% (g/ mL), 16% (g/ mL), and 32% (g/ mL) respectively.AbstrakKakao (Theobroma cacao L.), salah satu komoditi ekspor terpenting Indonesia, ditanam secara luas dengan total luasan 1,6 juta Ha, menghasilkan 500.000 ton biji kering pada tahun 2011. Di samping biji sebagai hasil utama, pada saat panen juga dihasilkan kulit buah dengan volume yang hampir sama dengan biji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi ekstrak kulit buah kakao sebagai antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, dan Staphylococcus aureusserta menentukan konsentrasi hambat minimum (KHM) ekstrak kulit buah kakao terhadap ketiga bakteri uji. Ekstraksi kulit buah kakao dilakukan dengan metode Maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%. Analisis aktivitas antibakteri dilakukan dengan metode difusi cakram  kertas. Penelitian  ini  menggunakan  Rancangan Acak  Lengkap (RAL) dengan faktor tunggal  konsen-trasi ekstrak, yaitu 0; 1; 2; 4; 8; 16; 32; dan 64% (g/mL), masing-masing dengan tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah kakao berpotensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap S. aureus, B. subtilis dan  E. coli, dengan KHM berturut-turut adalah 8% (g/mL), 16% (g/mL), dan 32% (g/mL).
Enzymatic hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch to produce reducing sugar and its kinetic Hidrolisis enzimatik tandan kosong kelapa sawit untuk menghasilkan gula pereduksi dan kinetikanya
Authors: BARLIANTI Vera , DAHNUM Deliana , MURYANTO . , TRIWAHYUNI Eka , ARISTIAWAN Yosi , SUDIYANI Yanni
Published: September 2018

Abstrak Sebagai salah satu Negara penghasil minyak kelapa sawit mentah (CPO), Indonesia juga menghasilkan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dalam jumlah besar. TKKS terdiri dari-tiga-komponen utama, yaitu selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin. Pengolahan awal TKKS secara alkalindi ikuti dengan hidrolisis TKKS secara enzimatik menggunakan kombinasi enzim selulase dan β-glukosidase akan menghasilkan gula-gula yang mudah difermentasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi substrat, kon-sentrasi enzim, dan suhu selama proses hidrolisis berlangsung.  Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi gula maksimum (194,78 g/L) dicapai pada konsentrasi TKKS 20% (b/v), konsentrasi campuran enzim yang terdiri dari selulase dan β-1,4 glukosidase sebesar 3,85% (v/v), dan suhu 50oC. Perbandingan antara selulase dan β-1,4 glukosidase adalah 5:1 dengan masing-masing aktivitas enzim sebesar 144.5 FPU/mL dan 63 FPU/mL. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa model kinetika yang sesuai untuk proses hidrolisis TKKS secara enzimatik adalah model kinetika Shen dan Agblevor dengan reakside aktivasi enzim orde satu.  Hasil ini mendukung studi kelayakan ekonomi dalam pemanfaatan TKKS untuk produksi bioetanol.AbstractAs one of the crude palm oil producers, Indonesia also produces empty fruit bunches (EFB)in large quantities. The oil palm EFB consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Alkaline pretreatment of EFB, followed by enzymatic hydro-lysis of cellulose using combination of cellulase and β-glucosidase enzymes produce fermentable sugars. This paper reported the effects of substrate loading, enzyme concentration, and temperature of hydrolysis process on reducing sugar production. The  maximum  sugar  concentration (194.78 g/L) was produced at 50oC using 20% (w/v) EFB and 3.85% (v/v) mixed enzymes of cellulase and β-1,4 glucosidase in volume ratio of 5:1 (v/v), with enzyme activity of 144.5 FPU/mL and 63 FPU/mL, respectively. The results also showed that the suitable kinetic model for enzymatic hydrolysis process of oil palm EFB follow Shen and Agblevor model with first order of enzyme deactivation. These results support the economic feasibility study in utilization of EFB of oil palm for bioethanol production.
Evaluasi varietas, sumber eksplan dan strain Agrobacterium terhadap keberhasilan transformasi tebu dengan gen P5CS Evaluation of varieties, explant sources, and Agrobacterium strains for successful sugarcane transformation using P5CS gene
Authors: MINARSIH Hayati , SUBIYARTI Dwi , RIYADI Imron , PUTRA Soekarno Mismana , AMBARSARI Laksmi
Published: September 2018

Abstract Genetic transformation can be used as an alter-native to develop sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) tolerant to drought stress. P5CS gene has a role in biosynthesis of proline, an amino acid that accumulated under drought stress conditions. Transfer of a P5CS gene construct into plant cells in conjunction with regeneration of transgenic plantlets may develop sugarcane tolerant to drought stress. The aim of this research was to obtain an optimal transformation method which includes a suitable strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and the best sugarcane explant and variety. The results showed that transfer of P5CS gene has been successfully carried out on sugarcane explants from solid media-derived calli, embryogenic calli and somatic embryos derived from temporary immersion system (TIS) culture. Whilst Agrobacterium strain LBA4404 was indicated as the most effective transformation vector. The regeneration of Kidang Kencana variety transformants from calli and somatic embryos was better than those of PS 881 and PS 891. The best performance of transformants based on the source of explants obtained from somatic embryos from TIS culture. Moreover, a succesfull Agrobacterium mediated transformation on sugarcane was indicated by transient expression of Gus gene and the ability of the transformants grew in a selection medium containing 50 ppm of kanamycin.Abstrak Transformasi genetik dapat digunakan sebagai upaya untuk merakit tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) toleran terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Gen P5CS diketahui  berperan  dalam  biosintesis  prolin,  yaitu asam amino yang umumnya terakumulasi ketika tanaman mengalami cekaman kekeringan. Transfor-masi gen P5CS dan regenerasi transgeniknya mungkin dapat menghasilkan tanaman tebu trans-genik yang toleran terhadap cekaman kekeringan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan metode transformasi yang optimum yang mencakup strain Agrobacterium tumefaciens yang sesuai, sumber eksplan dan varietas tebu terbaik sebagai target transformasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa transformasi gen P5CS telah berhasil dilakukan ke eksplan tebu baik yang berupa kalus asal media padat maupun kalus embriogenik dan embrio somatik asal kultur sistem perendaman sesaat (SPS). Sementara itu strain A. tumefaciens LBA4404 menunjukkan hasil yang paling efektif sebagai vektor transformasi. Pertumbuhan transforman baik pada kalus maupun embrio somatik pada varietas Kidang Kencana terlihat paling baik dibandingkan dengan varietas PS 881 dan PS 891. Sumber eksplan yang paling efektif adalah embrio somatik yang diperoleh dari  kultur SPS. Keberhasilan transformasi tebu me-lalui Agrobacterium ditunjukkan oleh ekspresi transien dari gen GUS dan kemampuan dari trans-forman untuk tumbuh di media yang mengandung    50 ppm kanamisin.
Sintesis reagen imunokimia untuk deteksi okratoksin dengan metode imunokromatografik nanopartikel emas Synthesis of immunochemical reagent for ochratoxin detection using gold nanoparticle immunochromatographic method
Authors: KRESNAWATY Irma , MARYAM Romsyah , SUHARYANTO . , HUDIYONO Sumi
Published: September 2018

Abstract    The quality of Indonesiam coffee andcocoa products has been declined due to the contamination of fungi producing ochratoxin, a serious human mycotoxin. Therefore, develop-ment of fast, accurate and simple method for early detection of ochratoxin contamination is required. As a part of research attempted to develop early detection technique of ochratoxin in severall commodities, especially agricultural products, the objective of this study was to produce immunochemical reagent for ochratoxin detectionusing immunoglobulin Y (IgY) based on immunochromatographic method. Results showed that OTA-OVA could be synthesized using active ester method with addition of N-hydroxy-succiimide and dicyclocarboimide. The inter-mediate compound produced showed C=O stretching vibrational band at 1600 cm-1 and C-O stretching vibrational band at 1300-1000 cm-1. Antibody-gold nanoparticle conjugate was optimally produced at pH 9 and with antibody dilution of 1:7.5 (v/v). There was 50 nm absorb-tion shift in visible absorbtion after the antibody was conjugated with gold nanoparticle. Even though the test strip did not show  clear visual-ization, the cut off of ochratoxin concentrationis obviously determined at 10 ppb. This results suggest thatthe technique could be used to detect ochratoxin contamination. Abstrak Komoditas kopi dan kakao Indonesia ter-kendala masalah mutu produk yang rendah akibat kontaminasi jamur yang menghasilkan okra-toksin. Okratoksin merupakan mikotoksin yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Oleh karena itu, cara deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin yang cepat, akurat dan mudah perlu dikembangkan. Sebagai bagian dari usaha untuk mengembangkan teknik deteksi dini okratoksin pada pada berbagai komoditas, khususnya produk pertanian, pene-litian ini bertujuan menghasilkan reagen imuno-kimia yang menggunakan antibodi immune-globulin Y (IgY) berdasarkan metode imunokro-matografik untuk deteksi okratoksin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa OTA-OVA dapat disintesis dengan metode ester aktif dengan menambahkan N-hidroksisuksiimida dan disiklo-karboimida. Senyawa antara yang dihasilkan memiliki absorpsi pada frekuensi 1600 cm-1 yang menunjukkan adanya vibrasi ulur ikatan C=O dan adanya banyak absorpsi pada 1300-1000 cm-1 yang mengindikasikan adanya serapan ulur yang kuat ikatan C-O. Konjugat antibodi-nanopartikel emas dihasilkan optimum pada pH 9 dan dengan pengenceran antibodi 1:7,5 (v/v). Hasil pengujian spektrofotometer visible menunjukkan adanya pergeseran serapan sebesar 50 nm setelah anti-bodi dikonjugasikan pada nanopartikel emas. Meskipun secara visual tidak begitu jelas, tetapi hasil pengujian pada teststrip menunjukkan bahwa nilai cut off konsentrasi okratoksin yang terdeteksi adalah10 ppb. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik yang dikembangkan dapat diguna-kan untuk deteksi kontaminasi okratoksin.
Asymptomatic Post-Traumatic Rupture of the Right Diaphragm Dome
Authors: Losik E. A. , Fadeeva M. V. , Shchegelsky V. V. , Rzaev R. T. , Stepanov A. V. , Puzakov K. B. , Skhirtladze M. R.
Published: September 2018

Aim.  This paper is aimed at presenting the materials of clinical observations associated with diagnosing rare-occurring ruptures of the right dome of the diaphragm that have been overlooked for a long period.

Results.  A 61-year-old man was admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of chronic heart failure. Chest radiograph revealed a high position of the right dome of the diaphragm. Computed tomography revealed a defect in the central parts of the diaphragm on the right, the liver was rotated outward with its visceral surface deployed anteriorly and upward. In the right thoracic cavity, anterior to the liver, were the loops of the intestine and the outlet of the stomach.

More than 30 years before, the patient had experienced an explosive trauma, which might have caused a rupture in the right dome of the diaphragm. A 70-year-old man, a smoker with a ten-year history of hypertension, was hospitalized with an increase in dyspnea, a cough with the discharge of purulent sputum, the feeling of heaviness behind the sternum. Chest radiograph revealed a high standing of the right dome of the diaphragm at the level of 3rd rib with a decrease in the volume of the right lung, and an increase in cardiac silhouette (cardiothoracic index 0.64). Computed tomography revealed a high standing of the right dome of the diaphragm as well as the compression of the middle and lower lobe of the right lung with the presence of compression atelectasis. The liver was rotated, displaced into the right thoracic cavity, the deformation of the inferior vena cava to the right was visualized due to the displacement and rotation of the liver. The consolidated fractures of 10th–12th ribs on the right were visualized. The patient had had a chest injury resulting from a traffic accident about 15 years before, with no X-ray examination having been conducted at that time.

Conclusion.  In the case of left-sided diaphragm ruptures, which are much more frequent than the right-sided ones, the stomach, large and small intestines as well as spleen are displaced into the thoracic cavity. In the case of rightsided diaphragm ruptures, the liver and gallbladder are displaced into the thoracic cavity. Right-sided posttraumatic diaphragmatic hernias that are not diagnosed at the time of injury or trauma and continue to be asymptomatic for a number of years are very rare. The sensitivity and specificity of computed tomography for the diagnosis of diaphragm ruptures is 61–87 % and 72–100 %, respectively. In an acute period, the treatment of diaphragm ruptures is surgical. However, in long-term asymptomatic ruptures, expectant management is possible, particularly if the risk of surgical treatment is high.
Os protestantes e a Segunda Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-Americano: convergências
Authors: Wirth Lauri Emilio
Published: September 2018

Como grupos religiosos minoritários na América Latina, os protestantes forjaram uma identidade fortemente marcada como de oposição à Igreja Católico-Romana, ao mesmo tempo em que reivindicavam certo caráter civilizacional e moralizante de sua mensagem religiosa. A relevância social desse protestantismo pretensamente civilizacional recebeu interpretações divergentes pelos estudiosos do campo religioso latino-americano. Por um lado, há os que interpretam esse protestantismo como ponta de lança de interesses imperialistas, notadamente dos Estados Unidos da América, por outro, há os que veem no protestantismo latino-americano uma resposta, não só religiosa, às demandas de minorias liberais socialmente ascendentes em nosso continente na segunda metade do século XIX e primeira do XX. No que tange à responsabilidade social, esse protestantismo desenvolveu amplo leque de atividades e projetos de cunho marcadamente assistencialista. O presente artigo discute os deslocamentos da consciência social desse protestantismo, na segunda metade do século XX, quando desenvolve nítidas convergências com a responsabilidade social da Igreja, discutida na Segunda Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-Americano, realizada em Medellin, na Colômbia, em 1969. É essa convergência crítica diante das demandas da realidade social latino-americana no espaço em que se gesta um ecumenismo de base entre católicos e protestantes.
Maternal Serum Uric Acid as an Index of Perinatal Outcomes in Severe Preeclampsia
Authors: Yassin Khalil Rozhan , Saber Muhammed Awat
Published: September 2018

Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder characterized by gestational hypertension after the 20th week of gestation with proteinuria, is common and dangerous adverse event of pregnancy. Several studies reported relationship between uric acid concentrations and severity of disease in pregnant women. The objective of this study was to explore the relation between serum uric acid level and perinatal outcomes. A case–control study conducted in Sulaimani Maternity Teaching Hospital from January 2014 to July 2014. Included 100 pregnant women in third trimester with signs and symptoms of labour, who had no comorbid diseases. Grouped to 30 control without hypertension, 30 with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and 40 with severe preeclampsia based on clinical and laboratory evaluation. SPSS v21 was used for obtain mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage. One way ANOVA test used to obtain P value with consider <0.05 significant value. Results show serum uric acid mean and standard deviation (±SD) for control, PIH and severe preeclampsia groups were (5.83 ± 9.544), (4.35 ± 1.372) and (7.59 ± 0.508) respectively. The positive and significant (˂ 0.001) correlation coefficient was found between high serum uric acid level and oligohydramnios, low birth weight and low Apgar score. The highest level of serum uric acid was recorded in preeclampsia group and the lowest level was in PIH group. Significant and adverse perinatal outcomes relation were noted in the patients with high serum uric acid (>7 mg/dl); decreased amniotic fluid index (AFI), caused low birth weight and low Apgar score. In

 

conclusion that severity of illness in pregnant preeclampsia cases can be estimated by serum uric acid level and high serum uric acid indicate high risk cases. Maternal serum uric acid is a useful index for estimate fetal health status and predict neonate outcomes.
Ler com crianças
Authors: Britto Luiz Percival Leme
Published: September 2018

Isso, ainda que nem todos façam, todos dizem: ler com crianças tem muito valor.Eu também acho. Mas acho também que é preciso pôr mais direitinho as cores nesse quadro, para que não nos percamos numa nebulosa enganosa, cheia de frases de efeito e poucos feitos. Fiar-se em um consenso assim tão forte traz grande risco de a palavra cair no vazio, deixando-se de examinar as condições de verdade em que a ideia se aplica, em que funciona de fato.Sabemos bem que há umas tantas meias verdades quando o assunto é leitura. Verdades de dourar a pílula, enaltecendo a prática de ler como se fosse panaceia. E, se elas imperarem nas falas e gestos que se querem de leitura com criança, serão bem poucos os frutos que se poderão colher.O que farei, então, para entabular a conversa, é pôr no ar umas tantas perguntas que me fazem professores em cursos de formação e meus alunos de Pedagogia e Letras nas aulas de Alfabetização e de Literatura Infantil – ora com o olhar profissional, ora como adultos que vivem com suas crianças – e tentar respondê-las desenhando um cenário em que o desejo de ler com crianças faça sentido.
Os mercadores da educação e as concepções empresariais presentes nos programas de educação integral
Authors: Souza Marilsa Miranda de , Soares Gabriel Henrique Miranda
Published: September 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as concepções teóricas dos programas de educação integral no Brasil enquanto orientações e formulações dos organismos internacionais e do setor privado. Estes, com o discurso de melhorar a qualidade da educação, colocaram na agenda das políticas públicas a necessidade de ampliação da jornada escolar. Utilizou-se o método do materialismo histórico-dialético instrumentalizado na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, por meio da qual constatamos as parcerias com entidades do setor privado desde a etapa inicial até a implementação da política de educação integral. Destacam-se as ações do movimento Todos pela Educação (TPE) e suas proposições desde o Plano de Metas Compromisso Todos pela Educação à implantação do Plano de Desenvolvimento da Educação (PDE) e as políticas dele decorrentes. As concepções dos programas de educação integral, reproduzidas por meio da Pedagogia das Competências, contemplam os postulados das pedagogias liberais pós-modernas e dissemina a ideologia do Terceiro Setor em conceitos empresariais como empoderamento, empreendedorismo, economia solidária, etc., com o objetivo de formar trabalhadores como capital humano, adaptados às demandas do sistema produtivo. Palavras-chave: Educação integral. Concepções empresariais. Pedagogias das competências.
Patronato agrícola “Visconde de Mauá”: da sua origem ao IFSULDEMINAS - Campus Inconfidentes
Authors: Boas Antônio Carlos Vilas , Sanfelice José Luis
Published: September 2018

A história é uma ciência fundamental para a análise da sociedade. Através dela é possível reconhecer os esforços de muitos homens que lutaram para dialogar com o tempo e realizaram grandes feitos contribuindo com o desenvolvimento da humanidade. No que diz respeito ao aspecto educacional não é diferente. A educação é condição essencial não só para a ampliação do conhecimento, mas, sobretudo, para uma construção social. Assim através de uma análise documental pode-se levantar historicamente, a trajetória do Patronato Agrícola “Visconde de Mauá” até a origem do Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Sul de Minas Gerais (IFSULDEMINAS) - Campus Inconfidentes. Pode ser verificado que o desenvolvimento do município de Inconfidentes, sul de Minas Gerais, está entrelaçado com a história educacional, ofertada ao longo do tempo que permitiu não só formar os jovens para a sociedade, mas, contribuiu significantemente para que o município se destacasse como um polo importante na área educacional. Palavras-chave: História. Evolução. Educação. IFSULDEMINAS.
“Traducciones locales de la inclusión educativa para jóvenes y adultos: un estudio en la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina”
Authors: Bowman María Alejandra
Published: September 2018

Este artículo expone resultados de una tesis doctoral sobre un programa de empleo para jóvenes desarrollado en la provincia de Córdoba, desde su componente de finalización de estudios obligatorios. También recupera análisis realizados en el marco de un estudio posdoctoral que aborda las políticas de inclusión educativa en Argentina. Estos estudios utilizaron una metodología cualitativa de corte etnográfico. En el artículo se desarrolla un abordaje general sobre las políticas orientadas a la inclusión educativa en Argentina entre 2003 y 2015, las principales transformaciones producidas a partir del principio de inclusión social y su traducción política a través de múltiples normativas en el ámbito educativo. En ese marco, se realiza una aproximación a la Educación de Jóvenes y Adultos y su articulación a un programa de empleo. Seguidamente, se describen las principales problemáticas que emergieron en torno a la inclusión educativa desde una experiencia concreta en una escuela de jóvenes y adultos. Palabras claves: Inclusión Educativa. Jóvenes. Adultos.
Design and Simulation of MEMS Sensor for Detection of Arterial Pulse
Authors: Navghare Sonali
Published: September 2018

The work presented in this paper describe the design and simulation of a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) system based piezoelectric sensor for detecting arterial pulse in biomedical application. The study is done through the analysis of square and circular diaphragm made out of piezoelectric and MEMS material. In this work, piezoelectric material is used which work on the principle of piezoelectric effect. In piezoelectric effect, diaphragm reorients under stress, form an internal polarization which result in crystal charge on the crystal face that is proportional to applied pressure. When pressure is applied on diaphragm deformation occurs which converts physical energy into output electrical voltage. For selecting the appropriate geometry and material for sensor design different parameter were checked such as deformation, output voltage, Stress and linearity. FEM analysis is done for circular and square diaphragm on COMSOL Multi-Physics. Comparison of square and circular diaphragm is done on the basis of deformation and Electrical potential. Piezoelectric sensor is designed and simulated with lithium-Niobate and poly-si. Sensitivity obtained for the designed sensor is about 4mV/Kpa.
The Influence of Excipients on the Physicochemical and Biological Properties of a Bactericidal, Labile Ester Prodrug in a Salt Form – A Case Study of Cefetamet Pivoxil Hydrochloride
Authors: Dzitko Jakub , Zalewski Przemyslaw , Szymanowska Daria , Garbacki Piotr , Paczkowska Magdalena , Piontek Judyta Cielecka
Published: September 2018

The article presents an innovative approach to a bactericidal drug design based on a cephem prodrug analogue – cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride. The emergence of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride excipient systems (mannitol, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, pregelatinised starch, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, polyvinylpyrrolidone) caused changes in the physicochemical properties of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride. They are significant for planning the development of an innovative pharmaceutical formulation. The biological activity profile of the prodrug was also modified. FTIR spectra were used to study interactions between cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride and the excipients. The theoretical approach to the analysis of experimental spectra enabled precise indication of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride domains responsible for interaction with the excipients. The interactions between cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride and the excipients resulted in some  important physicochemical modifications: acceptor fluid-dependent changes in solubility and the dissolving rate as well as a decrease in the chemical stability of cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride in the solid state, especially during thermolysis. The interactions between cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride and the excipients also had biologically essential effects. There were changes in its permeability through artificial biological membranes simulating the gastrointestinal tract, which depended on the pH value of the acceptor solution. Cefetamet pivoxil hydrochloride combined with the excipient systems exhibited greater bactericidal potential against Staphylococcus aureus. Its bactericidal potential against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis doubled. The new approach provides an opportunity to develop treatment of resistant bacterial infections. It will enable synergy between the excipient and the pharmacological potential of an active pharmaceutical substance with modified physicochemical properties induced by the drug carrier.
Spatiotemporal bioaccumulation of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper metals in Lettuce Sea Ulva lactuca harvest in two Algerian west coasts
Authors: Abi-Ayad Linda , Ghezlaoui Sidi-Mohammed Bahae-Ddine , Belkhouche Nassereddine , Aguado José Morillo
Published: September 2018

This work brings an evaluation of the quality of littoral zone of Algerian in two neighbouring port coasts, namely, Honaine and Beni Saf, chosen as significant discharge sites. This was followed by a comparison of the state of these coasts with those of the Mediterranean coastal areas. The study was conducted in all seasons in the year 2011−2012 by measuring the hydrological physicochemical parameters (pH, temperature, turbidity and salinity) and using sea lettuce Ulva lactuca as significant ‘biomarker of the quantity of metal contaminants (Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn)’. Harvesting of Ulva and the seawater samples were performed in each season in three stations, characterised by discharges of waste and industrial water and saline discharges from the recent installation of desalination in Honaine. The metal concentrations in seawater showed significant variations between stations and the harvest season, resulting in the appearance of pollution of Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn. Also this result was manifested in Ulva in the station S1 (Beni Saf) and S2 (Honaine-beach) with the exception of copper. These results have exceeded tolerable international standards.
Discourse as the object of philosophical and linguistics studies
Authors: Marcelli Miroslav
Published: September 2018

The article deals with the ways philosophers and linguists reflect the topic of discourse. In the first part, the conception of the discourse as the theoretical construct is characterized. The next parts are devoted to discourse analyses as they were developed by linguists, semioticians and philosophers in the sixties and seventies. The works of Emil Benveniste, Roland Barthes and Michel Foucault are put in the foreground. As for Foucault’s archeological method, this attempt to find rules of the autonomous discourse led to an impasse. The last part of the article draws the research line of the critical discourse analysis and shows its philosophical inspirations.
Communicative and pragmatic premises of the Slovak interactional stylistics
Authors: Orgoňová Oľga
Published: September 2018

The study deals with interactional stylistics viewed as a discipline based on its own pragmatic potential (while consideration has been given to addressee and to speech comprehensibility and clarity even earlier). This pragmatic potential in its developed form represents, in the context of contemporary methodology of humanities, a contribution to restructuration of stylistics. The discipline, viewed from this point, receives a new function: to observe and interpretationally explain, firstly, the meaning of interactions between agents in the observed communication acts and, secondly, the effect that this interaction brings. In the centre of interactional stylistics is the human (anthropocentrism), who through his communication acts negotiates about the contents of interactions, regarding own interests, as well as cultural, social and historical conventions. The meaning of used expressions and the overall sense of such interactions thus emerge in the context of communicational events, based on the communication subjects’ coping with surrounding reality through assimilation and accommodation.
The Consignment of Indonesian Migrant Workers in Saudi Arabia and Its Resilience: Examining the Impacts of Indonesia’s Moratorium Policy (2011-2015).
Authors: Elvianti Witri , Sidik Jihan Djafar
Published: September 2018

Although Indonesian migrant workers in Saudi Arabia, particularly at informal sectors, have exponentially increased in last decades, most of the time,  they have also faced several constraints such as the lack of protection that supposedly addressed by the Government of Indonesia (GoI) through Indonesian embassy, limited numbers of regulations that could protect the Indonesian migrant workers from the Government of Saudi Arabia, due to the absence of Memorandum of Understanding between the two countries. Such complex circumstances made the position of Indonesian migrant workers worsened due to their disability in gaining their rights. In the implementation process, the GoI’s protection has not been maximal in ensuring the safety of their workers abroad. The situation reached the peak when the death penalty for Ruyati binti Satubi was conducted by Government of Saudi Arabia without any initiatives informing Indonesian authority prior to the execution. Consequently the former President of Indonesia, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, declared a moratorium policy during the cabinet meeting on June 23, 2011, in order to improve the protection mechanism of Indonesian migrant domestic workers. In milieu of this issue, the researchers attempted at analyzing the impacts of such a policy. The analysis was based on national interest theory. In the context of Indonesian migrant domestic workers, this study came to argue that the moratorium policy could be seen as a manifestation of political commitment from Indonesia’s government perceiving the protection of Indonesian migrant workers is high in the list.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Pendekatan Pembelajaran Kuantum Dan Media Kartu Kata Bergambar Terhadap Keterampilan Membaca Nyaring pada Anak Tunarungu
Authors: Indarwati Handik
Published: September 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh penggunaan pendekatan pembelajaran kuantum dan media kartu kata bergambar terhadap keterampilan membaca nyaring pada anak tunarungu. Sampel penelitian yang diambil adalah siswa kelas IV B SDLB Negeri Banjarsari Wetan Kabupaten Madiun berjumlah 60 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi eksperimen atau eksperiman semu. Data penelitian diambil dari hasil observasi terhadap siswa, wawancara dengan guru kelas, dan tes tertulis untuk mengukur keterampilan membaca nyaring anak tunarungu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh penggunaan media kartu kata bergambar terhadap keterampilan membaca nyaring anak tunarungu, adanya pengaruh penggunaan pendekatan metode pembelajaran quantum, dan adanya interaksi antara penggunaan media kartu kata bergambar dan metode pembelajaran quantum dalam peningkatan keterampilan membaca nyaring pada anak tunarungu.
Yttrium Oxyhydrides for Photochromic Applications: Correlating Composition and Optical Response
Authors: Moldarev Dmitrii , Baba Elbruz M. , Moro Marcos V. , You Chang C. , Karazhanov Smagul Zh. , Wolff Max , Primetzhofer Daniel
Published: September 2018

It has been recently demonstrated that yttrium oxyhydride(YHO) films can exhibit reversible photochromic properties when exposed to illumination at ambient conditions. This switchable optical propertyenables their utilization in many technological applications, such as smart windows, sensors, goggles, medical devices, etc. However, how the composition of the films affects their optical properties is not fully clear and therefore demands a straightforward investigation. In this work, the composition of YHO films manufactured by reactive magnetron sputtering under different conditions is deduced in a ternary diagram from Time-of-Flight Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ToF-ERDA). The results suggest that stable compounds are formed with a specificchemical formula – YH2-δOδ. In addition, optical and electrical properties of the films are investigated, and a correlation with their compositions is established. The corresponding photochromic response is found in a specific oxygen concentration range (0.45 < δ < 1.5) with maximum and minimum of magnitude on the lower and higher border, respectively.
Hábitos dos adolescentes quanto ao uso das mídias digitais
Authors: Zanca Cássia Rejane Balvedi , Tono Cineiva Campoli Paulino
Published: September 2018

Esta pesquisa busca apresentar e analisar as mudanças comportamentais das últimas décadas, a partir da influência das tecnologias digitais, observando-se os aspectos positivos e negativos da questão e, consequentemente, o que isso tem provocado na sociedade, e na família, e quais seriam as soluções apresentadas quanto ao uso excessivo e/ou indiscriminado das mídias digitais, seus impactos nos hábitos de vida dos adolescentes, assim como a implicação nos estudos, os transtornos que têm causado à saúde, entre outros. A metodologia adotada é descritiva, bibliográfica, com enfoque qualitativo, complementada por dados quantitativos. A coleta de dados se deu em 4 colégios estaduais de Francisco Beltrão-PR, sendo 2 colégios abaixo da média e 2 acima da média proposta pelo IDEB, sendo este um critério que foi usado apenas para selecionar as escolas pesquisadas. O público estudado consistiu em 336 adolescentes e 17 professores. O prognóstico evidencia motivo de preocupação e necessidade emergente de conscientização da sociedade quanto aos impactos biopsicossociais de uso das tecnologias digitais. Aponta-se, com isso, a necessidade emergente de mudanças na prática pedagógica, nos métodos de ensino e muito mais na gestão escolar dos recursos disponíveis, sobretudo os tecnológicos.
Ensinando botânica por meio da confecção de sabonetes de plantas medicinais
Authors: Bezerra Alcilene , Rodrigues Dryelle Vieira , Cavalcante Felipe Sant' Anna , Nogueira Patrícia Guedes , Lima Renato Abreu
Published: September 2018

As plantas medicinais são utilizadas desde os primórdios da humanidade. Os sabonetes vegetais possuem um maior benefício para a saúde humana e para o meio ambiente, visto que o teor químico da composição dos mesmos é relativamente menor, quando comparado ao sabonete comercial. Nesse sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo confeccionar sabonetes utilizando essências de plantas medicinais da Região Amazônica associando assim com o conhecimento em Botânica. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em uma escola de tempo integral no município de Porto Velho-RO com 120 alunos do ensino médio. As essências de banana, açaí, cupuaçu e buriti foram obtidas comercialmente em Porto Velho-RO. Na escola, aplicou-se um pré e um questionário com a finalidade de levantar informações dos alunos sobre a botânica no cotidiano. Em seguida, realizou-se uma apresentação oral utilizando recursos multimídia para execução do trabalho e posteriormente, uma aula prática dentro da sala de aula utilizando materiais como: glicerina, essências, corante natural, forno e formas de silicone. Verificou-se que os alunos compreenderam de forma contextualizada a importância das plantas medicinais e sua relação com o ensino de Botânica passando a identificar que os vegetais fazem parte da vida cotidiana apresentando assim importância na área da pesquisa científica.
Investigating the Effects of Cement Type and W/C Ratio on the Concrete Corrosion Using the Electrical Resistance Assessment Method
Authors: Biglari Moein , Sheykh Azami Amirhosein , Kahidan Ali , Ghafari Ehsan , Ghasemi Mohammad Ali
Published: September 2018

Today, concrete is known as the most widespread material in civil projects. Up to now, many research works have been conducted concerning determination of concrete durability using various methods including the measurement of electrical resistance in concrete. The present article is an attempt for application of a new method for measurement of electrical resistance of non-conductive materials which is well suited for concrete. To determine the effects of cement type and water to cement ratio on the corrosion phenomenon the electrical resistance method was used. For this purpose use was made of 7 different water to cement ratios and two types of cement (type 2 and type 5). Drawing the electrical resistance diagrams, it was shown that with increase in the water to cement ratio, corrosion rate increases in concrete. Also application of type 5 cement results in a higher strength resistance with respect to cement type 2. On the other hand by increase in the age of concrete specimens, they showed greater resistance to the corrosion attacks.
Analisis Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Kawasan Sentra Produksi Subsektor Tanaman Pangan di Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Khairad Fastabiqul , Noer Melinda , Mahdi Mahdi
Published: September 2018

This study aims to analyze economic growth of production centers of leading agricultural commodities food crops in West Sumatera Province. The data used in this study are secondary data with descriptive analysis tool by comparing the economic growth: GDP, agricultural sector and food crop subsector in West Sumatera Province before and after the establishment of production centers for food commodities. The productivity level of leading agricultural commodities in each region that has been determined tends to fluctuate and have not always increased. The rate of economic growth reflected in GDP of the food crops actually decreased significantly from 2014 to 2016. This illustrates that the establishment of production center areas has not fully been able to increase the productivity of production centers nor increase the economic growth of food crops subsector, agricultural sector and the overall economic growth rate in West Sumatera Province.
Las hormigas como bioindicadores ante el cambio de uso de suelo
Authors: Martínez-Bolaños Emilia Areli , Díaz-Castelazo Cecilia , Cuautle-Arenas Mariana del Socorro , Lara-Rodríguez Carlos Alberto
Published: September 2018

La familia Formicidae ha dominado una gran mayoría de ambientes, donde estas pueden sobrevivir, así mismo, se les considera organismos con una amplia distribución debido a su alta y compleja capacidad social. En la presente revisión se reune información sobre su biología e importancia como bioindicadores en ambientes conservados y modificados, puntualizando su potencial papel como indicador del cambio en el uso del suelo, uno de los grandes retos actualmente enfrentados por el hombre.
EKO-ETİKETLERİN TURİZME VE YEREL EKONOMİYE ETKİLERİ
Authors: DÜCAN Engin , BOZKURT Alper
Published: September 2018

Turizm
sektöründe daha çok, gönüllü kuruluşların ve turizm pazarlamacılarının
yönlendirilmeleriyle oluşturulan Eko-etiketleme, tüketicinin itici gücünün
kullanılması yoluyla sektörel standardizasyonların yerleşmesine, ulusal ve
uluslararası çevre mevzuatlarının uygulanmasına ve çevrenin korunmasına katkı
sağlamaktadırlar. Bunun yanında bir pazarlama aracı olarak, rekabet gücünü
arttırmaktadır. Mavi bayrak, Cittaslow, Yeşil Yıldız vb. eko-etiketler
plajların, çevrenin ve turistlerin korunmasına fayda sağlayacak şekilde tatil
yöreleri için uluslararası standartlar öngörmektedir. Çalışma, turizm alanında
kullanılan eko-etiketlemelerin turistik yerleşim birimlerine turist sayısı,
turizm geliri, istihdam, ekonomik ve sosyal gelişmişlik açılarından
kazanımlarını ortaya koyarak farkındalık oluşturulması amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye
için önde gelen eko-etiketlerden biri olan Mavi Bayrak’ın kent ekonomisine
katkılarının araştırıldığı çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, ele alınan illerdeki
mavi bayraklı plaj sayısı ile şehre gelen turist sayılarının eşbütünleşik
olduğunu ve mavi bayrak sayısından turist sayına doğru uzun dönem nedensellik
ilişkisi olduğunu göstermektedir.
ORIGINALITY OF AHMED ALAIDY’S NOVEL “BEING ABBAS AL-ABD”
Authors: Vavichkina Tat'yana Anatol'evna , Vlasova Yuliya Evgen'evna
Published: September 2018

In the article, the analysis of the novel “Being Abbas al-Abd” by the Egyptian writer Ahmed Alaidy is presented. It is concluded that this novel is a chronicle of the madness of a young Egyptian, and at the same time, a cry of the generation of the end of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century, who were born after the defeat of the Arabs by Israel in the Six-Day War in 1967. The tangle of distressing reality and painful fantasies causes the uncommunicativeness and alienation of Abbas al-Abd and leads to the insane actions of the young man. Sharing with the novel’s hero his madness, dividing his depression into pieces, the writer achieves the fact that the reader has a positive psychotherapeutic effect.