bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kealpaan Yang Berakibat Luka Berat Dan Kematian Pada Sebuah Pertandingan Olahraga
Authors: Rizky Maulana Hakim  , Bambang Suheryadi
Published: December 2024

Sports in an activity that every human being does every day around the world. Regarding sports themselves, such as heavy sports, suach as for example football and boxing, where in the two sports that have been mentioned these are heavy sports, which in these heavy sports violations will often occur, whether these violations are commited by the athletes themselves, or commited by between athletes with a specific purpose. In this case it discusses the definitions of football and boxing matches, the procedures in both sports and what if in both sports an accident occurs causing serious injury or even death. Using two research methods, namely the concept approach (Conceptual Approach), and using the Statutory Approach (Statute Approach), namely by referring to the laws that are generally enforced and specific law that regulate related to the existing rules in these two sports, namely football and boxing.
Probabilities estimating for attacks on supply chain for critical infrastructure facilities
Authors: Styopochkina Iryna , Rybak Oleksandr , Ilin Mykola
Published: December 2024

The different types of supply chain for critical infrastructure facilities of industrial sector were analyzed. Also, the main types of attacks in supply chain were considered.
The character of resource dependencies was analysed and representation of supply chain in form of hierarchical oriented graph, with division into levels, was considered. The algorithm of taking into account of attack probabilities for objects, which giveresources for functioning of some endpoint object of supply chain was developed basing on dynamic programming principles. Calculation complexity of proposed algorithm was estimated, and it confirmed its effectiveness for practical situations. For thetarget area of use the proposed approach gives better calculation complexity in compare existing solutions.
Example of of fuzzy ontology usage for risk assessment and attack impact
Authors: Kozlenko Oleh
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the use of fuzzy ontology for assessing risks and impacts of attacks in the field of information security. Fuzzy ontology, which is a formalized way of representing knowledge, offers effective solutions for processing complex and informal processes. The article substantiates the significance of fuzzy logic in structural analysis and presents an example of how new types of attacks influence the ontology. Key findings include the identification of risks associated with attacks through the application of fuzzy sets and entropy theory. The discussion highlights how these methods can enhance threat response and risk management in information systems.
The effects of physical form, moisture, humic acids, and mixtures on the photolysis of insensitive munitions compounds
Authors: Kadoya Warren , Beal Samuel , Taylor Susan , Dontsova Katerina
Published: December 2024

The explosive formulations IMX-101 and IMX-104 are replacing conventional explosives in munitions, making them safer to transport and handle. However, munitions manufacturing and military training can lead to the environmental release of constituent insensitive munitions compounds. These IMCs absorb ultraviolet light and transform photochemically into products with potentially greater toxicity. This study explores the effects of physical form, moisture, humic acids, and compound mixtures on the photolysis of solid and dissolved IMCs under UV-A and UV-B light. Irradiation of dry vs. moist solid IMC crystals yielded few measured products, and while photolysis rates were not significantly different, they were orders of magnitude slower than for aqueous IMCs. There was no significant difference in photolysis rates for aqueous IMCs irradiated with 0, 0.4, and 4 mg L-1 humic acids, but 40 and 400 mg L-1 humic acids inhibited NTO and enhanced NQ photolysis. Although organic and inorganic products were detected in the mixtures, an average of 15–35 % of the theoretical starting IMC masses was not accounted for. Overall, aqueous IMCs transformed 4–48 times faster than the solid IMCs, but the environmentally-relevant conditions tested were found to play a minor role in IMC photolysis.
Transforming land use management to enhance water quality in catchments
Authors: Ayele Gebiaw T. , Yu Bofu , Hamilton David P.
Published: December 2024

Imagine a world where changes in land use can effectively mitigate nutrient pollution, improve water quality, and secure sustainable water resources. A groundbreaking PhD study has explored the impacts of afforestation in a small temperate catchment, demonstrating its potential to enhance water quality while addressing environmental challenges.
Peruvian non-cisgender memory. Remnants of rupture and agency
Authors: De la Jara Plaza Blas
Published: December 2024

Este ensayo explora agentes y espacios de enunciación de la memoria no-cisgénero en el Perú. Puntos de contacto en los que convergen (o colisionan) dimensiones institucionales, sociales e ideológicas. En primer lugar, el ensayo revisa destacadas iniciativas mnemónicas de principios del siglo XXI. En segundo lugar, refleja oportunidades y tensiones en torno a actores de la memoria. Finalmente, analiza brevemente discursos que parten de activismos contemporáneos. Para abordar tales aproximaciones, se examinó literatura existente, agentes clave y sus dinámicas de alianza. En el transcurso del ensayo surgen interrogantes sobre cómo las identidades no-cisgénero se relacionan a ontologías tradicionales del recuerdo y lidian con los vacíos de un pasado disidente. Más allá de diferencias particulares, el mismo continuum de violencia les enajena de la plenitud democrática. Permanece entonces la interrogante sobre cómo urdir el recuerdo en condiciones de precariedad ciudadana.
La usurpación de identidad indígena y el capitalismo neoliberal: la derecha en México, el PAN y las elecciones presidenciales de 2024
Authors: Márquez Duarte Fernando David
Published: December 2024

En la presente investigación se analiza la retórica de la derecha partidista en México, encabezada por el Partido Acción Nacional (PAN), de presentarse como una «nueva derecha» en la figura de la candidata a la presidencia Xóchitl Gálvez, al igual que su relación con fenómenos propios de la derecha en América Latina, como la imposición del capitalismo neoliberal. El caso de México es contrastante con la derecha de otros países de la región, donde el PAN (líder del frente de derecha actual) ha usado la apropiación en vez de una postura abiertamente racista. La metodología de esta investigación es cualitativa, con un método de estudio de caso. Los instrumentos usados en esta investigación han sido revisión bibliográfica, hemerográfica y la revisión de documentos legales para el contexto. Se concluye que el PAN muestra elementos de usurpación de identidad indígena, imposición del capitalismo neoliberal y de colonialismo interno, despojo y neoextractivismo.
Nutritional Status and Dietary Intake Among Nigerian Adolescent: A Systematic Review
Authors: Abubakar Hadiza Abdullahi , Shahril Mohd Razif , Mat Sumaiyah
Published: December 2024

Introduction
The prevailing nutritional conditions and the triple challenge of malnutrition faced by adolescents have adverse consequences for both the present and future generations' health and nutrition. Summarizing the available research on the nutritional status and dietary habits of adolescents in Nigeria is crucial.
Objective
This study aims to systematically evaluate available literature on the nutritional status of adolescent aged 10 to 19years in Nigeria.
Methodology
A systematic search using PRISMA guideline was conducted. Three electronic databases were searched i.e., PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus using specific terms and keywords for online articles published between 2013 to 2023. After applying specified inclusion and exclusion criteria, 51 articles were selected for data extraction, synthesis and quality assessment.
Results
Of the 51 included studies, 78.4% were conducted in the Southern Nigeria, 11.8% in the Northern Nigeria and 9.8% included both regions. The prevalence of overweight ranged between 0.8 to 31% and obesity ranged between 0.1 to 14%. The prevalence of thinness, stunting and underweight ranged between 3 to 31%, 0.4 to 41.6%, 0.3 to 73.3% respectively. The review also identified an inadequate intake of essential nutrients including iron, zinc, calcium, vitamin A, C, D, niacin, thiamin, riboflavin, cobalamin, and folate, with vitamin A deficiency prevalence ranges from 44–96%. The dietary patterns were characterized by a high consumption of cereals grains and starchy foods, low animal proteins, fast-food with soft drinks, and limited consumption of fruits and vegetables along with meal skipping.
Conclusion
These findings portray a complex picture of the nutritional challenges faced by this demographic group, highlighting both undernutrition and overnutrition, poor eating behaviour and micronutrient deficiency as significant concerns. The review revealed regional disparities in research representation, with a concentration of studies in Southern Nigeria. This highlights the importance of directing research efforts toward the northern regions, where the prevalence of nutritional issues is equally severe, but less studied.
Systematic review registration number:
PROSPERO CRD42023481095.
Data-Free Pruning of CNN Using Kernel Similarity
Authors: Chen Xinwang , Ji Fengrui , Chu Renxin , Liu Baolin
Published: December 2024

Channel pruning can effectively compress Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for deployment on edge devices. Most existing pruning methods are data-driven, relying heavily on datasets and necessitating fine-tuning the pruned models for several epochs. However, data privacy protection increases the difficulty of getting a dataset, making data inaccessible in some scenarios. Inaccessible datasets lead to current pruning methods infeasible. To solve this issue, we propose a data-free CNN pruning method that does not require data. It involves filter reconstruction and feature reconstruction. To reduce kernels in each filter, we group the kernels in each filter based on the similarity of kernels and calculate a representative kernel for each group to reconstruct the filters. During inference, we conduct feature reconstruction to match input channels of the reconstructed filter so as to satisfy the operational criteria of convolutional neural networks. We validate the effectiveness of our method through extensive experiments using ResNet, MobileNet, and VGG on CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets. For ResNet-50, we obtain FLOPs reduction of 56.2% with only Top-1 accuracy reduction of 0.52% on ImageNet.
The Correlation Between Work Stress, Occupational Burnout and Health Outcomes in Psychiatric Healthcare Professionals: The Protective Role of Social Support
Authors: Chen Chien-Chih , Ping Lieh-Yung , Lan Yu-Li , Huang Chih-Yu
Published: December 2024

Background
The mental health of psychiatric healthcare professionals has become a critical area of research due to the increasing demands and stressors inherent in their work environment. This study aims to explore the relationships between work stress, occupational burnout, social support, and the physical and mental health of psychiatric healthcare professionals. The study particularly focuses on the moderating role of social support in these relationships, addressing gaps in existing literature that have not systematically examined this interaction.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 244 psychiatric healthcare professionals at a teaching hospital in Eastern Taiwan. The study utilized validated instruments, including the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Social Support Scale, and the SF-12 Health Survey, to measure work stress, burnout, social support, and health outcomes. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical regression analyses were employed to assess the relationships among these variables and the moderating effects of social support.
Results
The findings revealed significant positive correlations between work stress and occupational burnout (r = .42, p < 0.001) and negative correlations with physical and mental health (r = − .23, p < 0.001). Occupational burnout was identified as a significant predictor of poor health outcomes (β = -0.533, p < 0.001). Additionally, higher levels of social support were associated with better health outcomes (r = .18, p < 0.01), although its moderating effect on the relationship between stress and health was not significant.
Conclusion
This study highlights the substantial impact of work stress and occupational burnout on the health of psychiatric healthcare professionals, with social support playing a crucial role in mitigating these effects. The results underscore the need for targeted interventions to enhance social support systems and address the unique challenges faced by healthcare professionals, particularly those working night shifts, to improve their overall well-being.
Development of single nucleotide polymorphisms in key genes of taurine and betaine metabolism in Crassostrea hongkongensis and their association with content-related traits
Authors: Kong Lingxin , Chen Ziao , Jia Zhen , Deng Qiong , Zhu Peng , Xu Youhou , She Zhicai
Published: December 2024

Background
Taurine and betaine are important nutrients in Crassostrea hongkongensis and have many important biological properties. To investigate the characteristics of taurine and betaine contents and identify SNPs associated with traits in the C.hongkongensis, we cloned the full-length cDNA of key genes in taurine and betaine (unpublished data) metabolism, determined taurine and betaine content and gene expression in different tissues and months of specimen collection, and developed SNPs in the gene coding region.
Results
We cloned the full-length cDNA of cysteine dioxygenase (ChCDO) and cysteine sulfite decarboxylase (ChCSAD), which are key genes involved in taurine metabolism in C. hongkongensis, and found that betaine and taurine contents and the expression of key genes were regulated by seawater salinity. A total of 47 SNP markers were developed in the coding regions of ChCSAD, ChCDO, ChCDH, ChBADH, and ChBHMT using gene fragment resequencing and FLDAS-PCR. Through association analysis in a population of C. hongkongensis in the Maowei Sea, Guangxi, nine SNPs were found to be associated with taurine content, and one SNP was associated with betaine content. Haploid and linkage disequilibrium analyses showed that SNPs in ChCDO formed one linkage group with three haplotypes: ACACA, GTTTG, and GTACA. The average taurine content of the corresponding individuals was 873.88, 838.99, and 930.72 ng/g, respectively, indicating the GTACA haplotype has a significant advantage in terms of taurine content.
Conclusions
We identified SNPs associated with taurine and betaine contents in C.hongkongensis for the first time, and found the GTACA haplotype in the ChCDO coding region has a significant advantage in taurine content. These loci and haplotypes can serve as potential molecular markers for the molecular breeding of C. hongkongensis.
Preparation of a novel cellulose/4- (ω (methyimidazole) alkyloxy) -4'- cyano azobenzene liquid crystal solution and its fiber
Authors: Song Jun , Li Chuanmeng , Wang Mengdie , Shan Jicheng , Wang LinFeng , Wang Xuerong , Zhu Haijing , Li Bin , Cheng Chunzu , Li Ting
Published: December 2024

To enhance the processability of cellulose ionic liquid solutions, a novel small molecule liquid crystal compound 4-(ω-(methyimidazole) hexyloxy) -4'-cyano-azobenzene (CaB) was designed and synthesized using 1,6-dibromohexane, 4-cyanoazophenol, and N-methylimidazole as the main raw materials. It was then added to a cellulose/ 1-Allyl-3-methylimidazole chloride (AMIMCl) solution to form a liquid crystal system to reduce viscosity. The liquid crystal properties of the cellulose/CaB/AMIMCl solutions were characterized using a Polarization microscope, torque rheometer and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the liquid crystal phase appeared in a solution consisting of 3wt% CaB and 6wt% cellulose at temperature from 30 to 60 ℃. The liquid crystal dopes were then spun into cellulose/CaB blend fibers by dry-jetwet spinning method. The structure and properties of the fibers were characterized through scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffractometer, single-fiber strength tester and UV testing. Compared to pure cellulose fiber, the blend fiber exhibited an increase in crystallinity, a 57.2% improvement in breaking strength, and an 80.8% reduction in UV transmittance. This research presents a novel approach for developing high-strength multifunctional fibers at a relative low cellulose concentration in ionic liquids.
Perceived control as a resilience factor: Influences on neural, physiological and affective stress responses and mental health
Authors: Wessa Michèle , Kollmann Bianca , Meier Jana , Meyer Benjamin , Yuen Kenneth , Storck Magdalena , Tüscher Oliver
Published: December 2024

Perceived control is a key mechanism implicated in stress resilience. A tendency to perceive control over stressors may protect individuals against negative outcomes across various situations by increasing active coping and preventing exacerbated stress reactions. Assuming that individual differences in perceived control during an uncontrollable stress task may represent an underlying resilience factor, we investigated associations of perceived control with neural, endocrine, and affective responses to a different, psychosocial stressor, and with overall mental health. 116 male participants aged 18-30 completed a psychosocial stress task, and we assessed stress responses via functional magnetic resonance imaging, cortisol levels, and affective state questionnaires. General mental health was assessed via self-report. Perceived control was measured during a second, uncontrollable stress task and growth mixture modeling revealed a high- and a low-control class. Comparison of these classes showed that the high-control class experienced less helplessness during the uncontrollability task and demonstrated more flexible responses to psychosocial stress as reflected in cortisol secretion and activation of the bilateral posterior insula. Further, the high-control class reported fewer psychosomatic symptoms and a less external locus of control. These findings suggest that perceived control acts as a resilience factor, influencing stress processing across multiple domains. The study highlights the potential for perceived control to be harnessed in resilience-building interventions and underscores the need for further experimental and longitudinal research to confirm its role in modulating stress responses.
A large-scale retrospective study on the prevalence of human papillomavirus and its genotypes in humans referred to a medical laboratory in Isfahan, central Iran
Authors: Bagherpour Bahram , Jafari Rasool , Hassanpour Alireza , Valilou Sevda , Valilou Mohammadreza , Safari Marzieh
Published: December 2024

Introduction:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection. It is the most important cause of cervical cancer. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of HPV infection and HPV genotypes in the recordings of patients referred to Dr. Sharifi Medical Laboratory in Isfahan, central Iran.
Materials and Methods
In a retrospective study, the HPV PCR and genotyping results of 5643 patients including 4999 (88.6%) females and 644 (11.4%) males from May 2012 to August 2024 were studied. The available demographics, sex and age, were also recorded and analyzed.
Results
Of 5643 studied patient, 888 (15.7%) were HPV-positive. Genotype 6 was the most prevalent (9.1%), and genotypes 30 and 71 were the least prevalent (0.017%) identified genotypes. Out of 888, 470 (47.1%) and 418 (52.9%) were high-risk and low-risk HPV genotypes, respectively. HPV 16 was the most prevalent among high-risk genotypes followed by HPV 53 and 18. The HPV infection was significantly higher in patients under 20 years old and also in females compared to males.
Conclusion
Based on the results of the present study, the rate of HPV infection in Isfahan is close to that of most other regions in Iran. The prevalence of HPV infection with low- and high-risk genotypes was both higher in women. High-risk genotypes caused the majority of infections. Younger ages were the most at-risk group for the infection.
SUMO2/3 modification of transcription-associated proteins controls cell viability in response to oxygen and glucose deprivation-mediated stress
Authors: García-Domínguez Mario , Gallardo-Chamizo Francisco , González-Prieto Román , Jafari Vahid , Luna-Peláez Noelia , Vertegaal Alfred
Published: December 2024

Because limited oxygen and glucose supply to tissues is a serious challenge that cells must properly measure to decide between surviving or triggering cell death, organisms have developed accurate mechanisms for sensing and signaling these conditions. In recent years, signaling through posttranslational modification of proteins by covalent attachment of the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier (SUMO) is gaining notoriety. Enhanced sumoylation in response to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) constitutes a safeguard mechanism for cells and a new avenue for therapeutic intervention. However, indiscriminate global sumoylation can limit the therapeutic potential that a more precise action on selected targets would have. To clear up this, we have conducted a proteomic approach to identify specific SUMO targets responding to OGD and to investigate the potential these targets and their sumoylation have in preserving cells from death. Proteins undergoing sumoylation in response to OGD are mostly related to transcription and RNA processing, and the majority of them are rapidly desumoylated when restoring oxygen and glucose (ROG), confirming the high dynamics of this modification. Since OGD is highly related to brain ischemia we have also studied a cell line differentiated into neurons. However, no major differences have been observed between the SUMO-proteomes of proliferating and differentiated cells. We show that the overexpression of the transcription factor SOX2 or the SUMO ligase PIAS4 has a manifest cell protective effect largely depending on their sumoylation and that maintaining the sumoylation capacity of the coregulator NAB2 is also important to face OGD. Conversely, the sumoylation of the pluripotency factor OCT4, which is a target for the SUMO protease SENP7 after ROG, seems to block its cell survival-promoting capacity. Thus, better outcomes in cell protection would rely on the appropriate combination of sumoylated and non-sumoylated forms of selected factors.
Human health risk assessment of effluent, groundwater, and surface water in Bhakurta Union, Savar, Bangladesh
Authors: Simu Sharmine , shakil abue hasan
Published: December 2024

This study provides an overview of key aspects of water quality assessment in Bhakurta Union, Savar, highlighting the importance of monitoring, the methods employed, and the implications for various stakeholders. A total of 36 samples were collected to evaluate the direct effluent (DE), groundwater (GW), and surface water (SW) quality which involves the measurement and analysis of physiochemical parameters and concentration of trace metallic constituents. Physiochemical parameters include pH, DO, EC, TDS, BOD, and trace metallic constituents including Cr, Cd, Pb, and Zn are assessed in the study. The pH standard range of 6.5 to 8.5 mg/L DoE is where almost all readings fall. The electrical conductivity of direct wastewater is higher than that of groundwater and surface water. Dissolved oxygen (DO) is decreased in the DE (3.80–5.20 mg/L) when the GW and SW levels are below the DoE threshold. TDS mean values in the DE, GW, and SW are 0.53, 0.23, and 0.08 mg/L, respectively, below the DoE threshold. BOD levels are consistently far higher than the DoE standard in all samples. The mean BOD values in the DE, GW, and SW are 50, 56, and 59 mg/L, respectively. The range of Cd values in the DE, GW, and SW is 0-.67, 0-0.1, and 0-0.01 mg/L, respectively. Cr numbers that surpass the DoE standard. Pb levels within acceptable bounds are 0.05 mg/L for DE, GW, and SW, and 0.01–0.05, 0.01–0.06, and 0.01–0.05 mg/L for Pb. All values exceeded the allowed DoE ceiling. Zinc values range from 1.98 to 2.39, 1.35 to 2.22, and 0.66 to 2.08 mg/L. In cases where every data point is within the permissible range, the DoE suggests a zinc content of 5 mg/L. The Pearson correlation matrix showed a significant relationship between them. A positive correlation indicates shared sources, whilst negative correlation indicates distinct sources. Cluster analysis indicates that both natural and manmade sources contribute to the components. The water quality index (WQI) claims that almost all samples are unsafe to eat. The Hazard quotient (HQ) values for Cr are noticeably greater than the levels for Cd, Zn, and Pb, which are lower. Every sample has an adult chronic risk, as indicated by HI values larger than 1. The HQ/HI number for each sample is less than 1, which denotes a low risk of cancer. The results of the entire study indicate that while the water quality of each source is unsafe to drink and presents health hazards, it is not human carcinogenic.
Magnitude and treatment outcome of empyema thoracis in children admitted to St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College from 2015--2022
Authors: Legesse Eyerusalem , Yeshidinber Abate , Yifru Sisay
Published: December 2024

Background
Empyema thoracis represents a significant clinical challenge in the pediatric population. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years, resulting in increasing morbidity and healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to provide baseline data concerning the incidence, etiological distribution, clinical characteristics, laboratory evaluation, associated factors, treatment practices and outcomes of pediatric patients admitted to the SPHMMC pediatric ER, ward and ICU.
Method
A retrospective chart review over an 8-year period was performed at SPHMMC.
Results
A total of 88 patients diagnosed with empyema thoracis (ET) from January 2015 to December 2022 were included in the final analysis. Of these, 67% were male. The primary symptoms upon presentation were cough, fever, and dyspnea. The incidence of empyema thoracis was found to be 12 per 1000 admissions, representing 5.3% of pneumonia cases, which is higher than previously reported figures. Bacteriological tests indicated that Staphylococcus aureus was the most prevalent causative agent, identified in 50% of patients. All patients received intravenous antibiotics, and closed thoracostomy drainage was performed in 82.9% of cases. One-quarter of the children underwent fibrinolytic therapy, while only three patients had decortication. No in-hospital deaths occurred; however, there were high rates of both local and distant infectious complications. Although binary logistic regression suggested that leukocytosis was linked to improved outcomes, multivariable logistic regression did not identify any independent predictors for the development or outcome of ET in this study.
Conclusion
A significant increase in the incidence of empyema thoracis was noted in children, especially in the last two years. Antibiotic therapy with chest tube drainage insertion ± intrapleural fibrinolysis is an effective treatment for empyema thoracis in children, and surgical intervention is rarely performed. The overall outcome of pediatric empyema thoracis was very good in our setting.
Genome-wide analysis of ascorbate peroxidase and functional characterization of SpAPX249b and SpAPX285c for salt tolerance in Sesuvium portulacastrum
Authors: Zhou Houli , Li Yuxin , Yuan Boxuan , Nie Qinqin , Xiang Zhaozhen , He Lixia , Wang Yongfei , Yang Zhanchao , Wang Juanying , Hui Shugang , Wang Xuchu
Published: December 2024

Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a vital antioxidant enzyme, involving in plant development and stress response by scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). The APX genes have been characterized in many organisms, however, its role in Sesuvium portulacastrum has not yet to be fully investigated. Here, we identified 33 SpAPXs from the the genome of S. portulacastrum, and found them to be divided into five subgroups across the 16 chromosomes. Cis-element analysis of their promoters indicated that all the detected SpAPXs show potential roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as phytohormone effects on the plant growth and development. Transcriptomic data of the different tissues revealed that the 9 SpAPX genes were specifically expressed in root and 13 SpAPX genes were specifically expressed in leaves, with SpAPX249b prominently expressed in root and SpAPX285c prominently expressed in leaves. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that both SpAPX249b and SpAPX285c genes expressed only after NaCl application and were sharply induced in the high concentration of NaCl treatments. Our findings suggest that SpAPX249b and SpAPX285c may be associated with palnt salt tolerance and can serve as valuable genes for enhancing salt tolerance in other plants.
Diagnosis of Intermittent Fever with Pulmonary Opacities: A Case Report of Pulmonary Primary Intravascular Large B-cell Lymphoma with Aspergillosis and Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Luan Sichun , Yao Yumeng
Published: December 2024

Background
Intravascular Large B‑cell Lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare type of aggressive extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), characterized by proliferation of B lymphoma cells within blood capillary lumina. Primary pulmonary IVLBCL is a rare sub-type of IVLBCL, presenting symptoms similar to community acquired pneumonia and other pulmonary infectious diseases.
Case Presentation
A 55-year-old women presented to ward with repeated fever. Physical examination found patient had dyspnea and hypoxemia, and laboratory findings showed an increased level of lactate dehydrogenase (1092 U/L) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (3879 U/mL). Microbiology examinations detected Aspergillus in Bronchoscopy samples, but the fever continued to present after antibiotic treatment. Pathological examination found nests of atypical cells and confirmed IVLBCL after immunohistochemical stain. Further mycobacterial culture reported NTM positive results, and the patient experienced clinical improvement after receiving R-CHOP chemotherapy.
Conclusions: This case described a situation that a patient presenting with fever and pulmonary lesions may actually came with infectious diseases overlapped with unrecognized hematological malignancy, which should be considered in differential diagnoses especially when patients do not respond well to antibiotic treatments. PET-CT plays an important role in diagnosing patients with fever, but may be misled by clinical microbiology results. Primary Pulmonary IVLBCL does not have a specific clinical manifestation, sometimes shows symptoms similar to pulmonary infectious diseases, and is usually confirmed by pathological diagnosis. mNGS has a great sensitivity in detecting microbes in clinical practice, but the diagnosis should always be careful to made before excluding malignant diseases.
Pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks Identify Parkinson’s Disease from Spectrogram Images of Voice Samples
Authors: Rahmatallah Yasir , Kemp Aaron , Iyer Anu , Pillai Lakshmi , Larson-Prior Linda , Virmani Tuhin , Prior Fred
Published: December 2024

Machine learning approaches including deep learning models have shown promising performance in the automatic detection of Parkinson’s disease. These approaches rely on different types of data with voice recordings being the most used due to the convenient and non-invasive nature of data acquisition. Our group has successfully developed a novel approach that uses convolutional neural network with transfer learning to analyze spectrogram images of the sustained vowel /a/ to identify people with Parkinson’s disease. We tested this approach by collecting a dataset of voice recordings via telephone lines, which have limited bandwidth. This study builds upon our prior results in two major ways: First, we tested the performance of our approach on a larger voice dataset recorded using smartphones with wide bandwidth. Our results show comparable performance between two datasets generated using different recording platforms where we report differences in most important features resulting from the limited bandwidth of telephonic lines. Second, we compared the classification performance achieved using linear-scale and mel-scale spectrogram images and showed a small but statistically significant gain using mel-scale spectrograms. The convolutional neural network with transfer learning approach showed superior performance against conventional machine learning methods that collapse measurements across time to generate feature vectors.
Ultrasound Evaluation of the Optic Nerve in Patients With Severe Symptomatic Hyponatremia
Authors: Bosso Giorgio , Pagano Antonio , Porta Giovanni , Barbato Francesco , Allegorico Enrico , Allocca Roberto , Sansone Gennaro , Serra Claudia , Minerva Valentina , Arbo Paola , Caterino Valeria , Numis Fabio Giuliano
Published: December 2024

Severe hyponatremia can precipitate significant neurological symptoms due to osmotic imbalances that induce intracranial hypertension (ICH). This study investigates the correlation between serum sodium levels and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), measured by ultrasound, in patients presenting with symptomatic severe hyponatremia in the Emergency Department. Sixty-four patients with symptomatic hyponatremia (Na + < 125 mmol/L) and neurological symptoms were enrolled and compared to a matched control group. Serial measurements of serum sodium and ONSD were obtained at 3, 12, and 24 hours post-correction. Results demonstrated a significant inverse correlation between sodium levels and ONSD, with ONSD decreasing as sodium levels were corrected (r = -0.71). ROC analysis confirmed ONSD as a sensitive and specific indicator of elevated intracranial pressure in these patients. This study highlights ultrasound ONSD measurement as a valuable non-invasive tool for monitoring ICH in severe hyponatremia, supporting its role in emergency settings to enhance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic monitoring. Further research is needed to validate these findings and elucidate prognostic implications.
Proteomic analysis reveals chromatin remodeling as a potential therapeutical target in neuroblastoma
Authors: Liu Zan , Zhao Zitong , Xie Longlong , Xiao Zhenghui , Li Ming , Li Yong , Luo Ting
Published: December 2024

Background
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common solid tumor in children, characterized by high recurrence rates, drug resistance, and significant mortality.
Methods
In this study, we analyzed the proteomic profiles of NB tissue samples alongside other pathological categories, including ganglioneuroma (GN) and ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB). Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), the core prognostic gene models associated with histopathology of NB were identified. Furthermore, by mapping our core prognostic gene models onto drug-perturbed transcriptome profiles from the L1000FWD and CMap databases, repurposing drug candidates were screened and validated for NB.
Results
Our proteomic analysis reveals that pathways associated with the cell cycle and DNA replication are significantly upregulated in NB, while oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate metabolism, and the TCA cycle are notably downregulated compared to GNB and GN. By applying WGCNA, we identified a core prognostic gene model strongly associated with the unfavorable subtype and high MKI of NB and primarily related to chromatin binding and mRNA metabolic process. Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified 15 hub genes in this core prognostic module: SMARCA4, SMARCA5, SMARCC2, SMARCC1, PBRM1, BRD3, ARID1A, BRD2, ARID1B, KDM1A, TP53BP1, ALYREF, CBX1, SF3B1, and ADNP, which mainly related to chromatin remodeling. Notably, SMARCA4 and ALYREF are also high-risk genes of mortality and validated as potential prognostic biomarkers for NB. Through repurposing drugs screening, mocetinostat and clofarabine were validated as effective treatments in two NB cell lines.
Conclusion
Mocetinostat and clofarabine offer valuable insights for the development of novel targeted therapies in neuroblastoma.
DeEPsnap: human essential gene prediction by integrating multi-omics data
Authors: Zhang Xue , Xiao Weijia , Cochran Brent , Xiao Wangxin
Published: December 2024

Essential genes are necessary for the survival or reproduction of a living organism. The prediction and analysis of gene essentiality can advance our understanding of basic life and human diseases, and further boost the development of new drugs. Wet lab methods for identifying cell essential genes are often costly, time-consuming, and laborious. As a complement, computational methods have been proposed to predict essential genes by integrating multiple biological data sources. Most of these methods are evaluated on model organisms. However, prediction methods for human essential genes are still limited and the relationship between human gene essentiality and different biological information still needs to be explored. In addition, exploring suitable deep learning techniques to overcome the limitations of traditional machine learning methods and improve prediction accuracy is also important and interesting. We propose a snapshot ensemble deep neural network method, DeEPsnap, to predict human essential genes. DeEPsnap integrates sequence features derived from DNA and protein sequence data with features extracted or learned from multiple types of functional data, such as gene ontology, protein complex, protein domain, and protein-protein interaction network. More than 200 features from these biological data are extracted/learned which are integrated together to train a series of cost-sensitive deep neural networks by utilizing multiple deep learning techniques. The proposed snapshot mechanism enables us to train multiple models without increasing extra training effort and cost. The experimental results of 10-fold cross-validation show that DeEPsnap can accurately predict human gene essentiality with an average AUROC (Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve) of 96.1%, the average AUPRC (Area under the Precision-Recall curve) of 93.82%, the average accuracy of 92.21%, and the average F1 measure about 80.62%. In addition, the comparison of experimental results shows that DeEPsnap outperforms several popular traditional machine learning models and deep learning models. We have demonstrated that the proposed method, DeEPsnap, is effective for predicting human essential genes.
Unveiling Akkermansia muciniphila Akk11: A Comprehensive Genotypic and Phenotypic Safety Assessment
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Fan Yixuan , Dong Yao , Zuo Huiyu , Xu Yuwei , Han Mei , Zhang Yinan , Gai Zhonghui
Published: December 2024

Background
As a beneficial next-generation microorganism, A. muciniphila is beginning to enter the market as a commercial product and positioning itself as a potential candidate for clinical therapy. This study aims to evaluate the safety and probiotic potential of the Akkermansia muciniphila Akk11 strain isolated from infant feces.
Results
Akk11 was identified as an anaerobic, Gram-negative strain with mucin-degrading capabilities, showing up to 98.36% genomic similarity to the type strain (ATCC BAA-835T) based on average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis. Genotypic analysis revealed three putative genes, the blaLUS-1 gene encoding class A beta-lactamase, the adeF gene encoding a fusion protein belonging to resistance-nodule-cell division (RND) antibiotic efflux pump system and the elongation factor Tu (Ef-Tu) gene, respectively. These genes were found to be intrinsic, indicating a favorable profile for Akk11. Phenotypic tests showed that Akk11 was highly resistant to gentamicin, kanamycin and streptomycin, while producing no biogenic amines, D-/L-lactic acid or showing negative hemolytic activity. The strain showed good tolerance under gastrointestinal stress conditions, exhibited no cytotoxicity and showed strong adhesion to intestinal cells in vitro. Furthermore, no oral toxicity or genotoxicity was observed in vivo.
Conclusion
The Akk11 strain exhibits a robust safety profile and probiotic potential, with properties comparable to those of the type strain. Our research highlights a novel Akkermansia muciniphila strain, Akk11, which provides a promising new candidate for probiotic applications and warrants further commercial development.
Familiar Name, Unfamiliar Reality: Heat Illness Knowledge Gaps among Junior High and High School Students in Japan
Authors: Matsuo Hiroki , Yamashita Naoyuki
Published: December 2024

Background: Understanding exertional heat illness (EHI) types (heat syncope, heat cramps, exertional heat exhaustion, exertional heat stroke) and related symptoms are necessary for its prevention, and on-site first aid administration reduces its severity. In Japan, junior high and high school students learn about EHI prevention through school health education. However, their recognition and/or understanding of EHI and its related symptoms have not yet been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate this, to improve prevention education.
Methods: A self-administered paper-based questionnaire in Japanese was distributed to assess students’ attributes, school club activity habits, and recognition and knowledge of EHI.
Results: We obtained valid responses from 66 junior high school students and 157 high school students. All students recognized the term “(exertional) heat illness,” with most having learned about it in school. However, their understanding of EHI types, symptoms, and severity classifications was limited.
Discussion: Educational content should be enhanced to improve students’ understanding of EHI types and symptoms, enabling better self-management and effective first-aid administration, and contributing to the prevention of severe cases, such as exertional heat stroke.
Conclusion: The present study showed that junior and high school students had low knowledge of EHI types and symptoms, suggesting that school-based heat illness prevention education should emphasise understanding the types of EHI and their symptoms together, as well as etiology, prevention strategies and first aid procedures to reduce the onset and severity of heat illness.
Proinflammatory and Prothrombotic Conditions in JAK2V617F-Positive MPN: A Case of Lemierre’s Syndrome in Essential Thrombocythemia
Authors: Izumi Takuya , Takano Kosuke , Nagao Shigeki , Tachi Noriaki , Sato Sho , Nakagawa Masaya , Sone Takehiro , Takada Kohei , Ogata Hiraku , Saito Keita , Kato Shoichiro , Maekawa Takaaki , Yoshimi Akihide , Kobayashi Shinichi , Kimura Fumihiko
Published: December 2024

Lemierre’s syndrome (LS) represents a rare yet potentially life-threatening systemic infection, characterized by thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein and abscess formation in distant organs. It typically follows episodes of tonsillitis or other infections of the oropharyngeal region. Pulmonary complications, including septic pulmonary emboli, are common. Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) sometimes associated with the JAK2V617F mutation, which predisposes patients to thrombotic events. A 66-year-old male with JAK2V617F-positive ET presented with severe pulsatile pain radiating from the right temporal region to the occipital area following a recent dental infection. Although pain management was administered, the pain continued to persist. Computed tomography of the chest revealed multiple subpleural nodules, raising suspicion for septic pulmonary emboli. Further investigation with gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging identified a thrombus extending from the right sigmoid sinus into the internal jugular vein, consistent with cerebral venous thrombosis. The patient was diagnosed with LS, complicated by septic thrombosis. Blood cultures yielded alpha-hemolytic streptococcus. Empirical antimicrobial therapy combined with anticoagulation was initiated, resulting in a gradual improvement of symptoms, including the resolution of fever and pain. Follow-up imaging confirmed the resolution of both the infection and thrombosis. This is the first reported case of LS in a patient with JAK2V617F-positive ET. The coexistence of LS and JAK2V617F-positive MPN highlights the potential interplay between proinflammatory and prothrombotic conditions associated with the JAK2V617F mutation.
Family Stress and Child BMIz during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the Mediating Effects of Cortisol
Authors: Douglas Sabrina , Laila Amar , Tremblay Paul , Buchholz Andrea , Miller Alison , Pare Shannon , Gunn Elizabeth , Duncan Alison , Ma David , Vallis Lori , Morrison Katherine , Haines Jess
Published: December 2024

Previous research has suggested that children who are exposed to chronic stress are at greater risk for childhood obesity, however little research has examined the mechanism of this association. This study aimed to investigate the association between family and household stress during the COVID-19 pandemic and children’s BMIz, and whether children’s hair cortisol concentration (HCC) mediates this association. This study used baseline data from 228 children 2–6 years from the Family Stress Study, a prospective cohort study of families with children 2–6 years. Parents responded to an online survey which assessed family and household stressors including family functioning, home chaos, financial insecurity, parental depression, parenting stress, stressful life events, and COVID-19 stressors. A total family chronic stress index score was calculated from parents’ responses on these measures. Hair samples were collected from children to assess their HCC. The Hayes PROCESS mediation macro was used to assess the total, direct, and indirect effect of the family chronic stress index on child BMIz, adjusting for household income and child ethnicity/race. We found that the family chronic stress index was associated with higher child BMIz (b = 0.979, 95% CI = 0.346–1.611), but this association was not mediated by children's HCC (b = 0.0005, CI=-0.047–0.067). Future research should investigate the validity of using hair cortisol to measure chronic stress among children younger than 6 years and explore other mechanisms of how chronic stress is associated with children’s weight outcomes, parenting practices that influence children’s eating behaviour or physical activity, or children’s weight-related behaviours.
Acute Left Main Coronary Artery Occlusion with South African Flag Sign on Electrocardiogram: A Case Report
Authors: Zhong Fangming , LIN Baiqing , Zhang Qifeng
Published: December 2024

Background: The South African flag sign(SAFS) in electrocardiogram(ECG) indicates that the patient may have acute high lateral wall myocardial infarction typically linked to first diagonal branch occlusion, which has not been reported in Left Main Coronary Artery(LMCA) occlusion.
Case Presentation: A 69-year-old female with primary hypertension presenting with chest pain for 1.5 hours. Initial ECG findings indicated SAFS, suggesting a high lateral myocardial infarction initially believed to involve the first diagonal branch. However, emergent coronary angiography revealed an unexpected complete occlusion of the LMCA with no collateral flow (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction [TIMI] flow grade 0). The patient underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention, which restored optimal blood flow (TIMI grade III). The patient was managed with a comprehensive medication regimen, leading to an uneventful recovery and discharge without complications. Follow-up assessments at one and six months showed no adverse cardiac events or symptoms.
Conclusions: This case underscores the need for heightened clinical vigilance when interpreting ECG with SAFS, as it may indicate more severe coronary artery pathology. The report also suggests a reevaluation of the diagnostic utility of SAFS in identifying the site and severity of coronary artery occlusions.