bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PURPOSE OF LIFE- FREEDOM FROM ILLUSIONS: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO KUNDANIKA KAPADIA’S SEVEN STEPS IN THE SKY
Authors: Bhatt Dipakkumar A.
Published: January 2023

The celebrated work form Kundanika Kapadia has been a landmark not only in the field of translation studies but also in the feminist literature. The work has won 1985 Sahitya Akademi Award. It has changed the way women have been treated by the male-dominated society. Purpose of life is clearly reflected in the life and understandings of the protagonist Vasudha, who dares to challenge the ways of life. She wants to come out of the illusionary world that she doesn’t like to live in. She has her own voice that wants to sing and dance when it wants. The novel is a great example of traditions and customs seen in Gujarat. ‘Social and Spiritual development’ is the key to realize the purpose of life and hence the protagonist seems a game changer for the orthodox values and traditions in which women are not regarded. The questions posed in the novel like ‘Is woman equal to man?’ Does she have separate identity? ‘Is she in need of anticipation?’ still remain unanswered, though we live in a gender equality world where both are considered equal. She seems to raise the concern that a family life without a woman cannot be complete and hence she should not be treated with injustice. Mutual trust and respect are being asked by Vasudha and hence the deep penetration in the novel takes us to the unanswered questions that she brings forth to our notice. The present paper is an attempt to find out the quest of the protagonist for the purpose of life and her firm desire to be free from illusions of life.
A LEGAL ANALYSIS OF ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA
Authors: Khan Saif Rasul , Bora Jyoti Prasad
Published: January 2023

Reproduction is a key element in the continuation of human civilisation. The central unit in a society is family and thereby procreation plays a critical role towards that end. Reproduction in the traditional sense involves physical intercourse between a male and female resulting in the creation of a baby. However, in the past few years, other alternative forms of reproduction have developed. Many factors, particularly infertility and the formation of new family structures have increased the demand for such technologies. Such technologies involve intervention by a third party, a medical expert to facilitate reproduction outside of the traditional method. Such technologies have their benefits, but at the same time, have bioethical issues, including questions of morality, conflict with religious beliefs and violation of human rights. A delicate balance needs to be maintained in this context wherein law and morality, social structures and beliefs play a prominent role. The article intents to draw focus on assisted reproductive technology in context of India and some foreign jurisdictions. The main aim is to provide a critical analysis and review of the normative standards in India.
સ્ત્રી શિક્ષણચિંતનનાં બે પરિપ્રેક્ષ્ય : ગુણાત્મક વિશ્લેષણ
Authors: પરમાર ઋતા એ.
Published: January 2023

મહાત્મા ગાંધીજી યુગપુરુષરૂપે સદૈવ આપણી સાથે રહેશે, કારણ કે સામાજિક, શૈક્ષણિક, રાજકીય અને આર્થિક ક્ષેત્રે તેમનું પ્રદાન વર્તમાનમાં પણ એટલું જ પ્રસ્તુત છે. ગાંધીજીએ આ દેશની તાસીર પારખીને તેને અનુરૂપ શિક્ષણની રચના કેવી થવી જોઈએ તેના પર પોતાનું અનુભવજન્ય દર્શન આપ્યું હતું. તેમણે આ દેશની સંસ્કૃતિ અને જીવનશૈલી ચિરંજીવ રહે તે હેતુથી સ્ત્રીઓના શિક્ષણ વિષે પોતાના વિચારો વ્યક્ત કર્યા હતા. બીજી તરફ છેલ્લાં કેટલાંક વર્ષોથી સમાજમાં અને ખાસ કરીને નગરો, મહાનગરોમાં એવા પ્રકારનું વાતાવરણ જોવા મળે છે કે જે સ્ત્રી પૂર્ણ સમય ઘરમાં રહેતી હોય, બાળકોને ઉત્તમ સંસ્કારો આપતી હોય, પરિવારજનોની સ્નેહપૂર્ણ સંભાળ રાખતી હોય, પરિવારની સાંસ્કૃતિક પરંપરાનું જતન કરતી હોય, આદર્શ ગૃહિણી હોય તેની પ્રતિષ્ઠા ઓછી થતી જાય છે અને નોકરી કરતી હોય તેવી સ્ત્રીની પ્રતિષ્ઠા( મોભો) વધારે બનતી જાય છે. પ્રસ્તુત સંશોધન પત્રનો હેતુ ભારતમાં ૧૫૦ વર્ષ પહેલાં સ્ત્રી શિક્ષણચિંતન અંગે જે કહેવાયું છે તે અને વર્તમાનમાં સ્ત્રી શિક્ષણ અંગે જે ચિંતન તથા સ્થિતિ છે તેનો ગુણાત્મક અભ્યાસ કરવાનો હતો. બંને વિચારસરણી વચ્ચે સામ્ય કે ભેદની તુલના કરવાનો ન હતો પરંતુ બંને વિચારસરણી કયા પરિપ્રેક્ષ્યમાં પ્રગટ થઇ તેનો અભ્યાસ કરવાનો હતો. આ માટે સંશોધકે ૧૫૦ વર્ષ પહેલાંના સ્ત્રી શિક્ષણચિંતન અંગેનો અભ્યાસ કરવા માટે ગાંધીજીનું સ્ત્રી શિક્ષણચિંતન અને વર્તમાન સ્ત્રી શિક્ષણચિંતન અંગેનો અભ્યાસ કરવા માટે વિદ્યાભારતીના પૂર્વ પૂર્ણકાલીન કાર્યકર્તા અને વર્તમાનમાં પુનરુત્થાન વિદ્યાપીઠનાં કુલપતિ શ્રી ઈન્દુમતિબહેન કાટદરે સાથે મુલાકાત કરીને વાર્તાલાપ કરેલ હતો તથા તેમના સાહિત્યનો અભ્યાસ કરવામાં આવ્યો હતો. તેના આધારે એકત્રિત ગુણાત્મક માહિતીનું વિષયવસ્તુ વિશ્લેષણ પદ્ધતિથી પૃથક્કરણ કરી, અર્થઘટન કરીને તારણો તારવવામાં આવ્યાં હતા. પ્રસ્તુત અભ્યાસ ૧૫૦ વર્ષના અંતરાલ દરમિયાનનાં સ્ત્રી શિક્ષણચિંતન અંગેનાં બે પરિપ્રેક્ષ્યને સમજવામાં તથા વર્તમાનમાં કન્યા કેળવણીની દિશા નક્કી કરવામાં મદદરૂપ બનશે. આ પ્રકારના અભ્યાસ B.Ed. કે M.Ed.ના અભ્યાસક્રમમાં મૂકવામાં આવે તો પ્રશિક્ષણાર્થીઓની એક વિષય પરના વિચારોની પરંપરા બૃહદ બને.
IN SEARCH OF HONEY: DELINEATION OF MIGRATION PATHS FOR APICULTURISTS IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA
Authors: Purkait Sanghamitra , Basu Anindya
Published: January 2023

Apiculture industry is very closely linked with the environment. Without nature, apiculture is impossible and without bees i.e. the main agent of apiculture, nature will be in a disorder. Beekeeping as an agricultural activity constitutes many aspects which are impacted by environmental and geographical factors. Beekeeping is also important for wide economical aspect of honey production and the essential ecological services provided by honeybees. In modern beekeeping the quick identification of honey flow regions with maximized productivity can help the apiculture industry for increasing total honey production. The main issue of beekeepers is to ensure regular supply of food to their bees mainly by migrating the colonies in flowering areas. In this article West Bengal has been selected as a study area as it stands at second position nationally in terms of production of honey at present. West Bengal has several ‘bee pasturage’ with different ‘honey flow periods’ and different ‘dearth periods’ across the seasons. Migration paths has been described through the use of Arc-GIS 10.5 software. This study will help the beekeepers of West Bengal to remove the asymmetry of information on bee pasturage and to access the suitable migration path for them which in turn will help to develop the apiculture industry
વાલી દબાણ માપદંડની રચના અને યથાર્થીકરણ
Authors: પટેલ સ્નેહલકુમાર સી. , ઢાઢોદરા નીતિનકુમાર
Published: January 2023

પ્રસ્તુત સંશોધનનો મુખ્ય હેતુ વાલી દબાણ માપદંડની રચના કરી યથાર્થીકરણ કરવાનો હતો. નિયત સોપાનો અનુસારની પ્રક્રિયાને અંતે 6 ઘટકો અને 46 વિધાનો ધરાવતા વાલી દબાણ માપદંડની રચના થઈ હતી. આ માપદંડની વિશ્વનીયતા તપાસવા માટે ઉપયોગમાં લીધેલ પ્રયુક્તિઓના પરિણામોમાં અનુક્રમે Cronchbach’s Alpha મૂલ્ય 0.84 હતું, Spearman Brown Coefficient મૂલ્ય 0.85 હતું અને Guttman Split Half Coefficient મૂલ્ય 0.74 હતું, આ સાથે તપાસવા માટે ઉપયોગમાં લેવાયેલ Clifs Consistency Index – ‘C’ 0.35 હતું અને બાહ્ય યથાર્થતાની તપાસ કરતા માપદંડ સક્ષમ જણાયો હતો. પ્રસ્તુત માપદંડનો ઉપયોગ વિદ્યાર્થીઓ પરના વાલી દબાણની માત્રા જાણવામાં થઈ શકશે. વાલી અને વિદ્યાર્થીઓને અપાતા શાળાકીય માર્ગદર્શન કાર્યક્રમોમાં પ્રસ્તુત માપદંડ ઉપયોગી બનશે.
PERCEIVED ACADEMIC SUCCESS OF B. ED STUDENT TEACHERS - A SURVEY
Authors: . Ashwathi , Kalaimathi D. Hemalatha
Published: January 2023

In any academic institution, great attention is given to the academic performance of the learners. Studies have been conducted to review the factors affecting the achievement of the learners. B.Ed. Student teachers get trained by institutions for teaching the students to achieve good grades therefore their perception towards their academic success needs more focus and evidence. Teaching in the classroom can be quite overwhelming and stressful. The way a teacher and student reacts to stressful moments can make a difference. A mindful approach in the classroom by the teachers can change the classroom experience in a much better way. In the current study the researcher has attempted to study the significant differences among the student teachers based on their Gender, Time spent on social media and Type of Institution with respect to Perceived Academic Success. The Perceived Academic Success Scale developed and standardised by the researcher and guide (Ashwathi & Dr. D. Hemalatha Kalaimathi, 2019) was used for data collection. 1180 B.Ed. student teachers voluntarily participated. The findings revealed significant differences in Perceived Academic Success and its dimension Internal factors at .01 level based on the Type of Institution whereas no significant difference was observed based on Gender and Time spent on social media. The findings have been briefly discussed.
AN ANALYTICAL STUDY ABOUT THE IMPACT OF THE ONLINE LEARNING SYSTEM ON MANAGEMENT STUDENTS' INTERPERSONAL SKILLS.
Authors: Dahiya Prachi
Published: January 2023

Purpose- To understand the effectiveness of Online learning on student’s Interpersonal skills. The study focused on the ten interpersonal skill sets of the sample set of individuals. The study also analyzed two additional variables expressly the role of instructors in improving the effectiveness of OLS and its impact on the future work-life success of students.

Design/ methodology/ approach- Data were collected from 384 students (excluding all the outliers and skewed responses) of the Management studies department of 10 colleges situated in Pune City, Maharashtra, India. The following research study has focused on those institutes which had recently adopted the OLS due to COVID-19 social distancing norms. The proposed hypothesis models were tested with the help of the statistical testing method of Correlation and Regression analysis using the Microsoft Excel software.

Findings- Through correlation analysis, the study has revealed that interpersonal skills have a rather low but positive correlation. Additionally, using the regression analysis the impact of OLS on interpersonal skills has been ascertained. Furthermore, the OLS has an impact on interpersonal skills except for motivation, dependability, and empathy.

Keywords- Online Learning System (OLS), Interpersonal Skills, Effectiveness, Management Studies and COVID-19 social distancing norms.

JEL Classification Code- I 21
WHY NAGA NATIONALISM THRIVED FOR DECADES: AN ASSESSMENT
Authors: Jeremy Kangdhi
Published: January 2023

The younger generation after August 25, 1997 Bangkok declaration between the NSCN-IM and Government of India, have seen less bloodshed and known more of the benign side of India. Today, the Naga youths are integrating and socializing into the mainstream culture by venturing out to major cities like Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata etc. for education, work, better opportunities and economic investments. This is happening alongside the unsettled political Indo-Naga issue.
Here we try to understand the causes or reasons behind the rise and sustenance of Naga national movement that has dragged on for more than seven decades, how its social structure, communitarian landholding system, headhunting past, christian proselytization, porous international borders, rugged topography, firm leadership, effective management of dissent and elaborate mechanisms of taxation, all coalesced to give the Naga national movement a firm setting.
Taken in right spirit, this assessment can produce a double-edged sword; on the one hand, we can identify how a certain problem is thriving or drawing its sustenance and therefore strategize toward its end. While on the other hand, it can embolden and encourage the other party to build on its strength. Understanding the nuances of Naga political movement becomes an indelible requirement in pursuit of peace and honorable settlement.
STABILITAS DAN UJI KEAMANAN LENDIR BEKICOT (Achatina fulica) DALAM FORMULASI SEDIAAN SHEET MASK
Authors: Putri Riantikasari  , Imas Maesaroh
Published: January 2023

Pada ilmu biologi, bekicot termasuk hewan lunak (mollusca) yang bisa digunakan untuk mengobati berbagai macam penyakit salah satunya dari bagian lendir bekicot bisa digunakan untuk mengatasi jerawat karena mengandung senyawa glikoprotein (Achasin) yang memiliki aktivitas anti mikrobakterial terhadap bakteri jerawat. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk memformulasikan lendir bekicot (Achatina fulica) dalam konsentrasi 11%, 16%, dan 21% menjadi sediaan sheet mask dengan metode penelitian secara eksperimental laboratorium,   serta dilakukan uji evaluasi fisik pada sediaan sheet mask diantaranya yaitu uji organoleptik, uji derajat keasaman (pH), uji homogenitas, uji viskositas, uji iritasi dan uji stabilitas. Hasil dari evaluasi fisik sediaan essence pada sheet mask hingga setelah dilakukan uji stabilitas cycling test dan suhu kamar menunjukkan bahwa untuk uji organoleptik tidak mengalami perubahan warna, bentuk, bau, uji derajat keasaman (pH) pada semua formula hasilnya tetap stabil pada pH 6 dan masih memenuhi syarat pH kulit sediaan essence, untuk uji homogenitas semua formula tidak mengalami perubahan dan sediaan essence tetap homogen, uji viskositas tiap pengujian mengalami perubahan nilai viskositas, didapatkan nilai viskositas pada stabilitas cycling test untuk F0 (1.20±0.11), F1 (1.23±0.12), F2 (1.29±0.07), dan F3 (1.41±0.12) mPa’s, sedangkan pada stabilitas suhu kamar didapatkan nilai viskositas F0 (1.16±0.10), F1 (1.19±0.10), F2 (1.26±0.07), dan F3 (1.39±0.11) mPa’s, untuk uji iritasi sediaan essence tidak menimbulkan iritasi pada kulit serta essence dinyatakan aman karena memiliki skor derajat iritasi 0 yang artinya sediaan essence termasuk ke dalam kategori tidak mengiritasi.
POTENSI EKSTRAK DAN FRAKSI DAUN ASAM JAWA SEBAGAI ANTIJERAWAT DAN TABIR SURYA
Authors: Chintia Chintiana Nindya Putri , Yuyun Darma Ayu Ningrum
Published: January 2023

Jerawat dan kulit kusam akibat paparan sinar matahari merupakan permasalahan kulit yang kerap dialami oleh individu. Penggunaan skincare dan krim antibiotik berbahan kimia menjadi salah satu alternatif yang banyak digunakan, namun efek samping seperti iritasi kulit dan resistensi menjadi permasalahan baru sehingga mendorong dilakukannya penemuan produk baru berbasis senyawa bahan alam. Daun asam jawa berpotensi dijadikan bahan antijerawat dan tabir surya karena mengandung senyawa fitokimia seperti fenolik, flavonoid, saponin, dan vitamin C. Jumlah kandungan senyawa tersebut dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor di antaranya ekstraksi dan fraksinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan potensi aktivitas antijerawat dan tabir surya antara ekstrak dan fraksi daun asam jawa, adapun parameter antijerawat dilihat dari aktivitas penghambatan terhadap bakteri penyebab jerawat (Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228) menggunakan metode difusi agar pada konsentrasi 1%, 3%, 5%, sedangkan aktivitas tabir surya dilakukan dengan penentuan nilai SPF secara in vitro untuk melihat seberapa besar kemampuannya dalam melindungi kulit dari paparan sinar UV B. Ekstraksi daun asam jawa dilakukan dengan maserasi menggunakan pelarut etanol 96%, sedangkan fraksinasi dilakukan menggunakan pelarut etil asetat. Hasil skrining fitokimia dan KLT menunjukkan bahwa keduanya mengandung senyawa polifenol, flavonoid, dan saponin dengan nilai SPF 22,65 pada ekstrak dan 18,37 pada fraksi daun asam jawa. Hasil pengujian aktivitas anibakteri juga menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak memiliki diameter daya hambat yang lebih besar dibandingkan fraksi. Hal ini kemungkinan karena ekstrak mengandung senyawa yang lebih kompleks dibanding fraksi.
FORMULASI TABLET EKSTRAK ALGA COKLAT (Sargassum sp.) DENGAN VARIASI POLIVINIL PIROLIDON SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGIKAT METODE GRANULASI BASAH
Authors: Rina Dea Eka , Samudra Agung Giri , Dominica Dwi
Published: January 2023

Tanaman alga coklat (Sargassum sp.) dalam ilmu farmasi dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai salah satu zat aktif dalam obat. Obat yang dibuat dalam bentuk sediaan tablet ini memiliki komposisi alga coklat (Sargassum sp.) sebagai zat aktif utama obat dan bahan pengikat lainnya yang berupa polivinil pirolidon (PVP). Penelitian ini membahas lebih dalam mengenai keefektifan zat pengikat (PVP) dalam sediaan obat menggunakan metode granulasi basah. Ekstrak alga (Sargassum sp.)  yang pekat diperoleh dari ekstraksi dengan metode sokletasi menggunakan etanol 96%. Pembuatan tablet alga coklat (Sargassum sp.) diuji dengan zat pengikat (PVP) dalam 3 konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 3%, 5%, dan 9%. Sebelum memasuki tahapan pencetakan granul, sediaan obat harus melewati evaluasi sifat alir, sudut diam, dan kompresibilitas. Setelah itu dilakukan evaluasi sifat fisik tablet yang terdiri atas keseragaman bobot, keseragaman ukuran, kekerasan, waktu hancur, dan waktu paruh. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa evaluasi uji sifat fisik granul dengan 3 variasi konsentrasi formula telah memenuhi syarat. Pada uji waktu hancur, kekerasan, keseragaman bobot, dan keseragaman ukuran tablet hanya konsentrasi PVP 5% saja yang memenuhi syarat dalam tablet obat alga coklat.
Hepatitis autoinmune y enfermedad celiaca en una paciente con hipertransaminasemia crónica
Authors: Galé Pola Ines , Peñafiel Freire Diego Mauricio , Niyubahwe Inés , Aznal Sainz Elena
Published: January 2023

La hepatitis autoinmune es una patología poco frecuente en pediatría cuya incidencia ha aumentado en los últimos años. Aunque su espectro clínico es muy variado, debe sospecharse ante el aumento de transaminasas séricas tras haber descartado otras etiologías.
A continuación, se presenta el caso de una paciente de 9 años con hipertransaminasemia crónica que fue diagnosticada de hepatitis autoinmune y enfermedad celiaca.
Panamá en cifras: Tamizaje neonatal metabólico 2013 al 2018
Authors: Chung Chong Mirna , Herrera Rodriguez Indira , Rodríguez Mario , Saldaña Bethancourth Oleg , Cepeda Cinthia , Chávez Peña Teresa
Published: January 2023

Introducción: La Organización Mundial de la Salud considera el tamizaje neonatal como uno de los mayores logros en el programa de prevención de salud pública a nivel mundial, por su alta capacidad en identificar y tratar enfermedades a tiempo; evitando así discapacidad física y/o cognitiva.  La República de Panamá crea la ley 4 del 8 de enero de 2007 del Programa de Tamizaje que establece la obligatoriedad de la realización del tamizaje neonatal y dictan otras disposiciones.
Materiales y métodos: Es un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo del tamizaje neonatal metabólico de la República de Panamá en el periodo 2013-2018. El universo estuvo constituido por todos los neonatos tamizados durante ese periodo. La muestra poblacional comprende datos del tamizaje neonatal metabólico del Ministerio de Salud, Caja de Seguro Social e instalación de Salud privada.
Resultados: El promedio de número de Nacimientos vivos entre el periodo 2013 al 2018 fue de 75 mil recién nacidos anuales, el número de neonatos tamizados entre ese periodo el promedio fue 55 mil recién nacidos anuales con una cobertura promedio de 72.3% y una tasa de detección de tamizaje alterados promedio de 5.6% (promedio 3680 recién nacidos vivos).
Discusión: La concientización de la población general y el personal de Salud sobre el tamizaje neonatal es vital para la prevención de discapacidad física, cognitiva y/o muertes infantiles.
Conclusiones: El tamizaje neonatal tiene una tasa de detección de tamizajes alterados de un 5.6% anual, por el cual es importante mejorar la cobertura a nivel de la República de Panamá.
Deux siècles de séparations et divorces en France (1792-1975)
Authors: Brée Sandra
Published: January 2023

Entre les recherches sur les premiers divorces du xix e  siècle et les recherches sociodémographiques sur les divorces actuels (en particulier à partir des années 1960), les études historiques sur les désunions judiciaires, et surtout sur les désunis, sont rares. Mais, avant d’entreprendre une histoire des séparés et des divorcés, il est important de poser un vaste cadre de compréhension de l’évolution des séparations et des divorces en France de la Révolution à 1975. À partir de données agrégées à l’échelle du pays et parfois des départements, l’idée de cet article est de tracer une première histoire quantitative des désunions qui servira de cadre d’analyse dans lequel des recherches plus fines, à l’échelle individuelle et donc souvent limitées au niveau spatial ou temporel, pourront s’inscrire. Cette analyse de longue durée permettra de connaître l’évolution du nombre des désunions en deux siècles et celles des couples qui se séparent ou divorcent pour comprendre quels peuvent être les freins ou les motivations à la demande de désunion, leurs variations temporelle et genrée. À travers l’histoire des désunions, c’est une nouvelle approche de l’évolution des rapports de genre et de la place des femmes dans la famille et la société qui est visée ainsi qu’une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes qui amènent à l’adoption d’un nouveau comportement jusqu’alors peu usité ou même interdit.
Fuir « l’enfer communiste », quitter le « paradis suisse »
Authors: Robert Tiphaine
Published: January 2023

Automne 1956. Fuyant la Hongrie et l’Insurrection ratée contre l’occupant soviétique, quelque 200 000 personnes rejoignent l’Ouest en quelques semaines. Ces réfugiés ont rarement fait l’objet d’études en histoire sociale. Un phénomène à mi-chemin entre histoire politique et sociale a été particulièrement occulté dans l’historiographie : le retour d’une partie d’entre eux vers la Hongrie post-1956 de János Kádár. Quelles étaient les motivations de ces personnes ? Cet article analyse le phénomène des rapatriements depuis la Suisse, un pays ayant accueilli les Hongrois·es de manière particulièrement enthousiaste. Les interprétations de l’époque sont teintées de la compétition à laquelle se livraient les deux systèmes. En Hongrie, on clame que ces rapatrié·e·s ont été déçus d’un monde capitaliste, pas aussi rose que ne le décrivait Radio Free Europe . En Occident, on décrit les rapatrié·e·s comme des faibles, soit parce qu’ils ne sont pas à la hauteur de la chance que leur a offert le « monde libre » en leur donnant l’asile, soit parce que bernés par la campagne des autorités hongroises pour faire revenir les dissident·e·s. Au-delà du caractère très politisé de ce flux migratoire, notre analyse micro-historique révèle les dynamiques individuelles et familiales, sociales et culturelles à l’origine de ces rapatriements.
Seigneurs, mas , emphytéose et rabassa morta
Authors: Ferrer-Alos Llorenç
Published: January 2023

Cet article retrace l’évolution au fil du temps de la structure agraire de la Catalogne centrale, à partir des seigneuries allodiales qui se sont constituées à l’intérieur des seigneuries juridictionnelles et de l’apparition du mas en tant que forme d’exploitation de la terre. La crise médiévale a entraîné une restructuration du monde rural avec la concentration de «  masos rònecs  » (ou  mas abandonnés) entre les mains des paysans les plus aisés qui, dans la pratique, sont devenus les véritables acteurs du développement rural. L’expansion de la vigne a eu lieu à travers la rabassa morta , un contrat qui rétribuait les grands efforts investis dans la plantation et compensés par la longue durée de celui-ci. La multiplication du contrat a entraîné deux types d’habitats différents avec des formes spécifiques d’occupation du territoire.
Établir la preuve du recours intentionnel au travail dissimulé sous couvert de travail détaché
Authors: Ramackers Paul , Hellio Emmanuelle , Mésini Béatrice , Décosse Frédéric
Published: January 2023

Inspecteur du travail fraîchement retraité, Paul Ramackers est l’auteur de deux ouvrages sur l’Inspection du travail, ainsi que de nombreux articles consacrés à cette institution. Au moment de notre entretien, réalisé en septembre 2021, il occupait les fonctions de directeur du travail au sein de la Direction départementale de l'emploi, du travail et des solidarités ( ddets ) 2 du Gard et de secrétaire permanent du Comité opérationnel départemental anti-fraude ( codaf ) de ce même département. À ce titre, il a joué un rôle de premier plan dans l’instruction de l’enquête ouverte pour « fraude au détachement » contre l’agence d’intérim espagnole Campo Verde 3 . Auteur d’un premier signalement au parquet dès 2004, suivi de cinq autres entre 2016 et 2019, il a été cité à comparaître le 19 mai 2021 comme témoin devant le Tribunal correctionnel de Marseille. L’entretien a été réalisé dans les locaux de la ddets à Nîmes dans le cadre de notre projet de recherche FINCA 4 . Il est revenu longuement sur cette affaire, pour expliquer notamment les leviers mobilisés par l’administration pour faire la preuve de l’intention frauduleuse des entreprises prestataires recourant aux travailleurs détachés. Il a ainsi expliqué comment, avec le concours des différents services concernés, les trois éléments constitutifs du délit de travail dissimulé ont pu être patiemment réunis : l’élément « légal », car prévu par un texte de loi, l’élément « matériel », constitué par des actes prohibés par la loi, et enfin l’élément « moral », en raison de l’intention coupable du prestataire et des exploitants agricoles utilisateurs de la main-d’œuvre.
A novel "five-in-one" comprehensive medical care framework for rehabilitation and nursing
Authors: Fu Jiayu , Wang Haiyan , Na Risu , Jisaihan A , Wang Zhixiong , Ohno Yuko
Published: January 2023

With the evolution of society, the world has entered a moderate stage of aging. Not surprisingly, the aging problem in the world is getting more intense, resulting in the increasing demand for higher-quality and well-organized medical and elderly care services. To cope with that, many researchers have dedicated themselves to advancing the medical care system based on data or platforms. However, they have ignored the life cycle, health service and management and the inevitable shift of living scenarios for the elderly. Therefore, the study aims to improve health conditions and enhance senior citizens' life quality and happiness index. In this paper, we build a unified body for people in their old age, bridging the disconnection between medical care and elderly care and constructing the "five-in-one" comprehensive medical care framework. It should be mentioned that the system takes the human life cycle as its axis, relies on the supply side and supply chain management, integrates medicine, industry, literature and science as methods, and takes health service management as a requirement. Furthermore, a case study on upper limb rehabilitation is elaborated along the "five-in-one" comprehensive medical care framework to confirm the effectiveness of the novel system.
Dirichlet problems of fractional $ p $-Laplacian equation with impulsive effects
Authors: Fan Xiaolin , Xue Tingting , Jiang Yongsheng
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the article is to investigate Dirichlet boundary-value problems of the fractional $ p $-Laplacian equation with impulsive effects. By using the Nehari manifold method, mountain pass theorem and three critical points theorem, some new results are achieved under more general growth conditions. In addition, this paper weakens the commonly used $ p $-suplinear and $ p $-sublinear growth conditions.
“12,000 euros is not a lot to pay for a dream”: The Structured “Heteronomization” of Assessment in a Theatre Grants Committee
Authors: Demonteil Marion
Published: January 2023

How do transformations in public action, and more precisely the dissemination of the precepts of New Public Management, change the role of the state in maintaining the autonomy of artistic activities? Based on an internal study of debates in a funding-allocation committee for the theatre sector in France, this article analyses links between regulatory frameworks of artistic evaluation and the social profiles of the evaluators. Observing these meetings—perceived as assessment situations— helps to break open the black box of state activity by demonstrating how a category of public funding is allocated in practice. Public intervention is shown to be a vehicle for the heteronomization of theatre activity, the effectiveness of which hinges on the link between a framework for interaction that is defined by the authorities—and objectivised in regulation—which promotes heteronomous criteria, and the assessors who make use of it, who are socialized into an economic and political vision of culture.
Comedic Tastes as Social Relations of Class: The Example of Youth from Cultured Class Fractions
Authors: Balland Ludivine
Published: January 2023

On the basis of a reception study of comedic television series, this article extends analysis of class-based social and moral tastes to humor. The results it formulates are focused on a sample of young people from the cultured fractions of the middle and upper classes. In sharing their comedic likes and dislikes, the individuals interviewed here situate themselves socially, and express both what they aspire to and what they reject in terms of cultural consumption, lifestyle, etc. The article examines the symbolic mechanism at work in the expression of these divided and hierarchical comedic tastes and seeks to demonstrate how social and moral dimensions intersect within humor, understood as a class affect.
Talks in the Bookshop: A Social Science Cultural Programme on the Margins of the University
Authors: Douniès Thomas , Gousset Cyriac , Pagiusco Maialen
Published: January 2023

This article looks at events featuring authors of social science publications held at a bookshop in a large French city. Study of the organization and the system of author events, combined with a series of interviews with attendees, sheds light on a local social science cultural offering and reveals the ongoing transformation of bookshops’ role as cultural intermediaries. The bookshop carries out a form of hybrid consecration, between the university and the general public, and uses these events as a tool to maintain its symbolic capital in a close relationship with the academic world.
Le camp légionnaire romain de Mayence/Mogontiacum (Allemagne) : nouveaux résultats sur l’enceinte et la chronologie
Authors: Burger-Völlmecke Daniel
Published: January 2023

L’analyse de l’enceinte a permis d’achever la première phase d’un projet de recherche visant l’étude du camp légionnaire de Mayence. L’identification d’un plus petit camp antérieur d’environ 34 ha, que l’on peut dater de la phase d’occupation précoce, est l’un des résultats les plus importants. Certains indices plaident pour un début d’occupation en 17 av. J.‑C. La présence de troupes permanentes, sous la forme de deux légions, n’est cependant envisageable qu’à partir de 17 apr. J.‑C. avec l’établissement d’un camp de 37 ha. On peut distinguer au total trois phases dans l’enceinte de terre et bois. L’aménagement en dur n’a sans doute pas été entrepris sous Vespasien, comme on l’avait pensé jusqu’ici, mais après les guerres contre les Chattes, sous Domitien, et dans le cadre de la création d’une province. L’enceinte de pierre présente également trois phases de construction, sans toutefois avoir été reconstruite. Un nouveau mur est adossé contre sa façade probablement dans le deuxième quart du ive s. apr. J.‑C. Enfin, la construction d’une nouvelle enceinte urbaine pour la ville de Mayence vers 369/370-375 apr. J.‑C. marque la fin du camp légionnaire.
ANALYSIS OF EDUCATIONAL CHALLENGES FACED BY UNIVERSITIES DURING COVID 19: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTHERN PUNJAB UNIVERSITIES
Authors: Hashmi Dr Arshad Hussain , Nadeem Dr. Muhammad Asif , Ms. Zaib Un Nisa  , Dr Farzana Rashid
Published: January 2023

COVID 19 devastation affected humanity socially and economically whose impacts would remain for many decades. One sector of human life which was affected badly has been education sector. The students of educational institutions suffered a lot all around the globe. The present descriptive research analyzed those effects and suggested solutions to cope with the aftereffects being produced. Major objective of this research was to identify the educational issues acclaimed due to pandemic in the higher educational institutes and to analyze the current situation prevailing in the higher educational institutes due to COVID 19. The researchers recommended the solutions to come out of this situation by using mix method of research and took the stakeholders higher education teachers and taught on board for their contribution into research. A semi structured survey, interview and observation check list was taken as a tool for collecting data from the population. Multistage sampling technique was used to collect data from the samples. Randomization and convenient sampling technique was used to collect data from the graduates and teachers who underwent the pandemic teaching and learning process in Pakistani Universities. Overall 400 students and 20 teachers took part in the process of research. The results and findings attained from these participants showed that COVID disturbed their teaching and learning activity a lot and they faced immense problems during two years. It was found that this irreparable loss seemed to prevail in their future and it needed to be compensated through make up classes or refresher courses in their perspective fields.
Investigating the Nexus of Psychological Capital With Entrepreneurial Success: The Mediating Role of Burnout
Authors:   Sindh University Campus Dadu, Pakistan, Malak Sarfraz Ali
Published: January 2023

This research empirically investigates the association of psychological capital (PsyCap) with success of entrepreneurs, and also examines the mediating role of burnout on the relationship between PsyCap and entrepreneurial success. In research design, quantitative methods were employed and cross-sectional data were collected by using random sampling technique through online survey questionnaire adopted from previous studies. The sample size determined through G* power was 134 for this study; however, we got response from 296 entrepreneurs of Sindh province, Pakistan. The data are analyzed in SmartPLS-SEM to assess measurement and structural models, and to compute hypotheses testing results. The findings reveal that PsyCap has positive significant relationship with success of entrepreneurs. This suggests that higher PsyCap abilities ensure more success of entrepreneurs in their entrepreneurial activities. Interestingly, PsyCap reported a negative impact on burnout; means good PsyCap resources reduce the negative effects of burnout among entrepreneurs. Results further indicate that burnout partially mediates the relationship between PsyCap and success; hence shows that entrepreneurs in Pakistan due to more Job demands, risks, and uncertain situations experience burnout which impacts on their success, however, positive PsyCap resources; including resilience and optimism, as well as self-efficacy and hope, work as buffer and ameliorate negative burnout effects and help entrepreneurs in achieving businesses success. The outcomes of this research provide valuable practical implications for countering burnout through fostering PsyCap resources which is important for strengthening entrepreneurship, and adds fresh insights in the existing literature.
Effectiveness of Vacuum-assisted Closure (VAC) Therapy in the Healing of Chronic Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Nather Aziz , Chionh Siok Bee , Han Audrey YY , Chan Pauline PL , Nambiar Ajay
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This is the first prospective study done locally to determine the effectiveness of vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy in the healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Materials and Methods: An electronic vacuum pump was used to apply controlled negative pressure evenly across the wound surface. Changes in wound dimension, presence of wound granulation and infection status of diabetic foot ulcers in 11 consecutive patients with diabetes were followed over the course of VAC therapy. Results: Healing was achieved in all wounds. Nine wounds were closed by split-skin grafting and 2 by secondary closure. The average length of treatment with VAC therapy was 23.3 days. Ten wounds showed reduction in wound size. All wounds were satisfactorily granulated and cleared of bacterial infection at the end of VAC therapy. Conclusions: VAC therapy was useful in the treatment of diabetic foot infection and ulcers, which after debridement, may present with exposed tendon, fascia and/or bone. These included ray amputation wounds, wounds post-debridement for necrotising fasciitis, wounds post-drainage for abscess, a heel ulcer and a sole ulcer. It was able to prepare ulcers well for closure via split-skin grafting or secondary closure in good time. This reduced cost of VAC therapy, as therapy was not prolonged to attain greater reduction in wound area. VAC therapy also provides a sterile, more controlled resting environment to large, exudating wound surfaces. Large diabetic foot ulcers were thus made more manageable.

Key words: Diabetic foot wound, Negative pressure dressing, Wound healing
Brachial Approach for Coronary Angiography and Intervention: Totally Obsolete, or a Feasible Alternative When Radial Access is Not Possible?
Authors: Gan Hwa Wooi , Yip Hon Kan , Wu Chiung Jen
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This study aims to assess the safety and feasibility of brachial arterial puncture for coronary procedures when radial access is not possible. Radial arterial approach is the usual option for coronary procedures in our hospital. Whenever radial access is not possible, the brachial approach is preferred instead of the femoral approach. As many clinicians considered percutaneous brachial coronary angiography as an obsolete and hazardous procedure, we carried out this study to compare the outcomes of the brachial approach to the femoral approach in our centre. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated all cases of brachial artery puncture and femoral artery puncture in our centre from 1 January 2007 to 31 March 2009 through a prospectively collected database and looked for all complications which occurred in both groups. Results: The femoral group had a slightly higher incidence of major complications – 3 out of 121 cases (2.5%) in the femoral group and 1 out of 180 cases (0.6%) in the brachial group, even though this was not statistically significant (P = 0.15). There was also no difference between these 2 groups for minor complications: 8 patients (4.4%) in the brachial group and 6 patients (5%) in the femoral group developed haematoma that did not require any blood transfusion or surgery. There was no incidence of brachial artery thrombosis and no puncture-related neurological deficit documented in the brachial group. Conclusion: Brachial artery puncture and catheterisation may be a viable, safe and efficient alternative to the transfemoral approach in a centre that is experienced with the arm approach, when radial access is not possible.

Key words: Angiography, Complications, Diagnostic cardiac catheterisation, Percutaneous coronary intervention
Eighteen-Month Clinical Safety and Efficacy Outcomes of Sirolimus-, Paclitaxel and Zotarolimus-drug Eluting Stents in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Complex Coronary Artery Stenosis
Authors: Chong Eric , Poh Kian Keong , Liang Shen , Hou Xu Min , Tan Huay Cheem
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This was a single centre registry study on clinical efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stent (DES) in diabetic patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for complex coronary lesions. Materials and Methods: A total of 288 diabetic patients who underwent elective PCI between September 2003 and June 2006 in our centre were enrolled and followed-up for 18 months. Among them, 79 (27.4%) patients received sirolimus-eluting stent (SES), 138 (47.9%) paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) and 71 (24.7%) zotarolimus-eluting stent (ZES). The endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and stent thrombosis rates. Results: Baseline demographics were comparable among the 3 DES groups (median age was 60 years; 69% men). Complex lesions (defined as ACC/AHA type C stenosis) accounted for 55.6% of the total lesions: SES (50.6%), PES (65.2%) and ZES (43.7%), P = 0.005. At 18 months follow-up, the composite endpoint of MACE was found in 12.7% in SES group, 8.7% in the PES group, 12.7% in ZES group and (P = 0.55). Stent thrombosis (ST) occurred in 1 patient (1.3%) in the SES group, 2 patients (1.4%) in PES group and 1 patient (1.4%) in ZES group, respectively (P = 1.00). Conclusion: The use of DES for elective PCI in diabetic patients was associated with favourable intermediate-term clinical outcomes with no significant differences in efficacy among the 3 groups. Stent thrombosis had low event occurrence rate.

Key words: Drug-eluting coronary stents, Diabetes mellitus, Stent thrombosis
Validity and Reliability of the Expectations Regarding Aging (ERA-12) Instrument among Middle-Aged Singaporeans
Authors: Joshi Veena D , Malhotra Rahul , Lim Jeremy FY , Østbye Truls , Wong Michael
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The 12-item Expectations Regarding Aging (ERA-12) instrument measures expectations that individuals have about how their health and cognitive function will be when they age. To date, primarily assessed among older adults in Western settings, expectations regarding ageing have been associated with physical activity and healthcare seeking behaviour. It has been suggested that it may be possible to develop interventions that promote positive expectations about ageing. Assessment of expectations regarding ageing among today’s middle-aged population would allow for earlier interventions to help give them positive (but realistic) ageing expectations, and age successfully. We assess the reliability and validity of ERA-12 for middle-aged Singaporeans. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire that included ERA-12 was administered to 1020 patients aged 41 to 62 years attending 2 SingHealth polyclinics in Singapore. Data from 981 respondents who completed the ERA-12 instrument were analysed. ERA-12’s construct validity was determined using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and through its correlation with depressive symptoms, and self-rated health and education. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: EFA confirmed that the ERA-12 consisted of 3 factors (each with 4 items) – expectations regarding physical health, mental health and cognitive function, together explaining 64% of the variance in ERA-12 total score with high factor loadings (range, 0.6 to 0.8). The ERA-12 total score was positively correlated with self-rated health (r = 0.13) and education (r = 0.19), and negatively correlated with depressive symptoms (r = -0.25). Cronbach’s alpha exceeded 0.7 for ERA-12 overall, and for each subscale. Conclusion: ERA-12 can be used to evaluate expectations regarding ageing not only among elderly populations in the West, but also among middle-aged Singaporeans.

Key words: Cross sectional studies, Factor analysis, Psychometrics
Childhood Food Allergy: A Singaporean Perspective
Authors: Kemp Andrew , Chiang Wen Chin , Gerez Irvin , Goh Anne , Liew Woei Kang , Shek Lynette , Van Bever Hugo PS , Lee Bee Wah
Published: January 2023

Food allergy is defined as reaction to a food which has an immunologic mechanism. Its prevalence is increasing in children globally and is therefore of increasing clinical importance. A useful clinical approach is to distinguish food allergic reactions by the timing of clinical reaction in relation to food exposure and classified as immediate (generally IgE-mediated) and delayed (generally non-IgE-mediated), with the exception of eczema and eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease, which, when associated with food allergy may be associated with either mechanism. This review is aimed at providing the clinician with a Singaporean perspective on the clinical approach and management of these disorders.

Key words: Asia, Children, Food allergy
Factors Associated with Delayed Discharges after Inpatient Stroke Rehabilitation in Singapore
Authors: Tan Woan Shin , Chong Wai Fung , Chua Karen SG , Heng Bee Hoon , Chan Kay Fei
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This study determines the extent of, and factors associated with, delayed discharges for stroke patients from inpatient rehabilitation. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study utilising medical notes review was conducted at an inpatient rehabilitation centre in Singapore. Acute stroke patients (n = 487) admitted between March 2005 and December 2006 were studied. The primary measure was delayed discharge defi ned as an extension in inpatient stay beyond the planned duration. Factors associated with delays in discharge were categorised as individual, caregiver, medical and organisational. Results: There were a total of 172 delayed discharges (35.6%). The mean [standard deviation (SD)] length of stay was 40.5 days (SD, 19.5 days) and 25.8 days (SD, 11.4 days) for patients with delayed and prompt discharges, respectively. Mean extension of stay was 9.7 days (SD, 13.8 days). Caregiver-related reasons were cited for 79.7% of the delays whereas organisational factors (awaiting nursing home placement, investigations or specialist appointments) accounted for 17.4%. Four factors were found to be independently associated with delayed discharge: discharge to the care of foreign domestic helper, nursing home placement, lower admission Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor score and discharge planning process. Conclusions: Our study suggests that caregiver and organisational factors were main contributors of delayed discharge. Targeted caregiver training and the provision of post-discharge support may improve the confidence of caregivers of patients with greater motor disability. The use of structured discharge planning programmes may improve the efficiency of the rehabilitation service. To reduce delays, problems with the supply of formal and informal post-discharge care must also be addressed. Key words: Caregiver, Discharge planning, Length of stay, Nursing home
Influenza B Outbreak among Influenza-vaccinated Welfare Home Residents in Singapore
Authors: Win Mar Kyaw , Chow Angela , Chen Mark , Lau Yuk Fai , Ooi Eng Eong , Leo Yee Sin
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Outbreaks of acute respiratory illness occur commonly in long-term care facilities (LTCF), due to the close proximity of residents. Most influenza outbreak reports have been from temperate countries. This study reports an outbreak of influenza B among a highly immunised resident population in a welfare home in tropical Singapore, and discusses vaccine efficacy and the role of acute respiratory illness surveillance for outbreak prevention and control. Materials and Methods: During the period from 16 to 21 March 2007, outbreak investigations and active case finding were carried out among residents and nursing staff at the welfare home. Interviews and medical notes review were conducted to obtain epidemiological and clinical data. Hospitalised patients were tested for respiratory pathogens. Further genetic studies were also carried out on positive respiratory samples. Results: The overall clinical attack rate was 9.4% (17/180) in residents and 6.7% (2/30) in staff. All infected residents and staff had received influenza immunisation. Fifteen residents were hospitalised, with 2 developing severe complications. Genetic sequencing revealed that the outbreak strain had an 8.2% amino acid difference from B/Malaysia/2506/2004, the 2006 southern hemisphere influenza vaccine strain, which the residents and staff had earlier received. Conclusions: A mismatch between the vaccine and circulating influenza virus strains can result in an outbreak in a highly immunised LTCF resident population. Active surveillance for acute respiratory illness in LTCFs could be implemented for rapid detection of antigenic drift. Enhanced infection control and other preventive measures can then be deployed in a timely manner to mitigate the effect of any outbreaks. Key words: Antigenic drift, Influenza, Long-term care facilities