bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VIRTUAL ARRIVAL: A REAL OPTION FOR ENERGY SAVING
Authors: Capurso V , Ferrando M , Gualeni P , Viviani M
Published: December 2021

Here is timely guidance for the ship operator when considering a strategy to avoid port delays. The case study also offers a commendably comprehensive template for those examining a specific ship and route.
CONCEPT DESIGN FOR A SUEZMAX TANKER POWERED BY A 70MW SMALL MODULAR REACTOR
Authors: Hirdaris S E , Cheng Y F , Shallcross P , Bonafoux J , Carlson D , Sarris G A
Published: December 2021

This paper describes a preliminary concept design study for a Suezmax tanker that is based on a conventional hull form with alternative arrangements for accommodating a 70MW Small Modular Reactor (SMR) propulsion plant. Emerging nuclear technology concepts, associated design risks and technical options available are outlined within the context of risk based ship design. It is concluded that the concept is feasible and the adoption of the technology would be compatible with the target application. However, further maturity of nuclear technology solutions and the development and harmonisation of the regulatory framework will be necessary before implementation of the ideas presented would be viable.
SURVIVABILITY OF SHIPS AT SEA: A PROPOSED MODEL TO ACCOUNT FOR HUMAN FACTORS IN A SAFETY-CRITICAL SYSTEM
Authors: Rumawas V , Asbjørnslett B E
Published: December 2021

Most serious accidents at sea are caused by minor incidents that escalated into an uncontrolled situation. This study is aiming to develop a model to investigate the likelihood of fatal accidents, given that a critical incident has already occurred. The focus of the study is on human behaviour, adopting a hardware reliability perspective. The vessel is considered as a safety-critical system to be protected by several barriers. The crew role is modelled as active barriers and distinguishing between different functions: perception, decision and action. A Markov approach is proposed to model different situations on the vessel. A mathematical model to estimate the probability of failure in an emergency situation is formulated. A new parameter is defined for the survivability of a vessel, given that a critical incident has taken place. The methods were applied to examine ship-platform collisions cases and the results show strong benefits for diagnosing and evaluating accidents from a human factors perspective as well as for training purposes.
COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF NOx REDUCTION BY AMMONIA INJECTION IN THE MAN B&W 7S50MC MARINE ENGINE
Authors: Lamas M I , Rodríguez C G , Rodríguez J D , Telmo J
Published: December 2021

Taking into account the importance of NOx (nitrogen oxides) emissions from marine engines and the current increasingly restrictive legislation, this work aims to develop a numerical model to study NOx reduction. To this end, direct injection of NH3 (ammonia) into the combustion chamber was proposed in the MAN B&W 7S50MC marine engine. The numerical model was employed to analyze several injection temperatures, injection timings and ammonia to fuel ratios, obtaining NOx reductions of almost 60%. Besides, a comparison between ammonia injection and water injection was done. The results showed that ammonia is more efficient than water to reduce NOx with a negligible influence on other pollutants such as CO (carbon monoxide) and HC (hydrocarbons). Nevertheless, ammonia is efficient in a very restrictive temperature and injection timing range. This numerical model was compared with experimental measurements, obtaining satisfactory results which validate the work.
STRENGTH OF SHIPS’ GRILLAGES UNDER LATERAL LOAD AND IN-PLANE COMPRESSION
Authors: Lokshin A Z , Mishkevich V G , Ivanov L D
Published: December 2021

The paper deals with strength of a grillage loaded by lateral load and in-plane compression load (in one direction). It consists of a system of prismatic girders crossing under 90°. The compression load is taken by the longitudinal girders that are elastically fixed on rigid supports. The system of aggregated differential equations is derived for solution of the problem using the Lagrange method. It allows for replacement of the system of aggregated differential equations by a system of independent differential equations. These equations for the case of simultaneous action of lateral and longitudinal compression load have the form of differential equations for bending of prismatic girders laying on elastic foundation and loaded with lateral and longitudinal compression forces. When only lateral load exists, the form of these equations coincides with the form of differential equations for bending of girders laying on elastic foundation and loaded with lateral load alone. When only longitudinal compression load exists, the form of these equations coincides with the form of differential equations for buckling of girders laying on elastic foundation.

Solutions are given for bending of a grillage (the first two problems). Formulas are derived for calculation of the parameters of longitudinal girders’ bending when girders’ end sections are elastically fixed. Also, formulas are derived for calculation of the reaction forces at cross-points of transverse and longitudinal girders. When only longitudinal compression load exists (third problem), a solution is given for the connection between the coefficient of elastic foundation’s rigidity and the Euler force. Results obtained by using the proposed method are compared with FEA simulations.
A SIMPLE APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF WAVE PATTERNS
Authors: Dand I W
Published: December 2021

The paper revisits some pioneering work of Sir Thomas Havelock on wave patterns with particular attention focussed on his graphical method of analysis. Motivated by a desire to explore this method further using numerical methods, it is extended in a simple manner to give three-dimensional illustrations of the wave patterns of a point disturbance in deep and shallow water. All results are confined to the sub- and trans-critical regimes with some obtained very close to the critical Depth Froude Number. Some conclusions are drawn on the wave types produced when operating close to the critical speed and their decay with distance off.
A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF HUMAN FACTORS IN SHIPS DESIGN
Authors: Rumawas V , Asbjørnslett B E
Published: December 2021

Research shows that more than 80% of accidents at sea were caused by human related factors. Some experts implied that less than adequate design is one significant element that may lead to human errors. There are several ways to discover whether a design has considered human factors, i.e., to refer to the design specification, to consult the designers, to conduct a direct observation through a site visit or through a model, to interview the users, or to look into the system that regulates the design. This paper applied a content analysis methodology to explore how human factors have been covered in the design of marine systems. Various documents such as rules, regulations, design guidelines, standards and other texts have been analysed. The results indicate that there are extensive references that cover human factors in designing ships. They are published with different degrees of enforcement, some are prescriptive and some are obligatory but still optional. The topic is developing very rapidly. A more assertive measure is required from the regulators to endorse human factors into implementation.
MANUFACTURING ASPECTS OF OFFSHORE FABRICATION AND INSTALLATION
Authors: Sjögren P , Bellgran M , Fagerström B , Sandeberg P
Published: December 2021

The research presented in this paper aim at identifying research commonalities between shipbuilding, offshore fabrication practices and manufacturing. As part of an exploratory effort a literature review and a case study of two offshore structures projects were performed. Research concerning shipbuilding and offshore fabrication, together with literature from other industries in construction, larger engineering projects and traditional manufacturing was reviewed. The two offshore structures projects were analyzed by means of interviews and complemented by direct observations and document reviews. The study concludes that there are gaps in the research concerned with holistic perspectives on the fabrication and installation phases of shipbuilding and offshore projects. The number of actors involved in any project of this magnitude increase barriers and communication interfaces. The dynamic nature of these types of projects was also observed and the changeability should always be a accounted factor when dealing with projects of this sort. The interviews held as part of the verification of observed phenomena in literature was limited to two projects and a single company and actors perceptions. However the collected data served well in being complementary to the literature review. It could be the task of academia to patch the gaps for overall project success, in the cases where single industry actors simply cannot see the benefit or do not have the recourses to fill them themselves. This study combines findings from traditional manufacturing industries, shipbuilding, offshore structures fabrication and large engineering projects in general.
Computing on Vertices in Data Mining
Authors: Bobrowski Leon
Published: December 2021

The main challenges in data mining are related to large, multi-dimensional data sets. There is a need to develop algorithms that are precise and efficient enough to deal with big data problems. The Simplex algorithm from linear programming can be seen as an example of a successful big data problem solving tool. According to the fundamental theorem of linear programming the solution of the optimization problem can found in one of the vertices in the parameter space. The basis exchange algorithms also search for the optimal solution among finite number of the vertices in the parameter space. Basis exchange algorithms enable the design of complex layers of classifiers or predictive models based on a small number of multivariate data vectors.
COVID-19 in End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Close Follow-up of Clinical Findings and Evolutions in Chest CT Imaging: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Tayebi khosroshahi Hamid , Zarrintan Armin , Manaflouyan Hesam , Rahmanpour Dara , Farashi Ebrahim , Mousavi-Aghdas Seyed Ali , Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari Mohammad , Tarzamni Mohammad Kazem
Published: December 2021

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has infected millions and caused tens of thousands of casualties. Epidemiologic studies show that specific individuals with pre-existing conditions are prone to severe disease caused by the virus. Thus, it is necessary to determine clinical signs and symptoms and disease progression course in various pre-existing conditions, namely end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: The present retrospective study was conducted on 17 ESRD patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. Clinical signs and symptoms were extracted, and laboratory test results and imaging findings were retrieved using the health information systems of the institute where the study was performed. Results: Of 17 patients in the study, six patients were females, and 11 were males. The mean age of the patients was 62.29 ± 15.6 years (22 - 82). The most common pre-existing conditions were hypertension and diabetes. The most common imaging signs were ground-glass opacities. The most common pattern of involvement was peripheral, bilateral, and multifocal involvement, and interestingly, uncommon imaging signs such as crazy-paving, peribronchovascular involvement, and reticulonodular pattern of involvement. The most common laboratory findings were lymphopenia, lymphocytosis, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and positive C reactive protein. Conclusions: ESRD patients undergoing COVID-19 seem to have higher mortalities than the general public and show more significant lung involvement on chest CT imaging. Furthermore, uncommon imaging signs are more common in this group of patients.
On the Invidious Distinction Between Weak and Strong Critical Thinking
Authors: Mitchell Jeff ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2021

The distinction between weak and strong forms of critical thinking is a hallmark of Richard Paul’s pedagogy. He maintains that good reasoning entails a personal commitment to fair-mindedness. In this brief essay, I argue that Paul’s conception of fair-mindedness conflates cognitive empathy with empathetic concern and altruism. One’s understanding another’s perspective by no means entails approving of it, and one may seek to better grasp this standpoint for purely selfish reasons. Depending upon the circumstances, the other could be one’s competitor, enemy, mark, or even intended victim. This implies that while we may wish that the world were otherwise, even very bad people can be highly effective critical thinkers.
Women’s access to health care: Gaps that the future health care reform in Chile must solve
Authors: Paredes-Fernández Daniela , Lenz-Alcayaga Rony , Rojas-Cáceres Camila , Carroza Escobar María Begoña
Published: December 2021

Introduction In the Chilean health system, difficulties complicate women’s access to health care and aggravate the complexity of health-illness processes in their interaction as users or caregivers. Objective In the national and international literature, we aimed to identify gaps in women’s access to health care derived from gender disparities and the exercise of gender roles in a prioritized set of health problems. These problems exacerbate gender gaps and should be considered in health reform. Methods We made a literature review through algorithms, snowball sampling, and reference lists from November 2020 to March 2021. The population included were women of all ages, including women users of the health system and women caregivers of specific pathologies. The search was conducted in parallel by four investigators divided into two groups. It was cross-validated to ensure inter-investigator reliability by standardizing evidence eligibility criteria. The analysis showed women users' and caregivers' dimensions for a set of pathologies prioritized by the extent of the disease burden. The pathologies analyzed included stroke, obesity, depression, musculoskeletal pain, and breast cancer. Results Among women users of the health system, problems of access, rates of use, experience, and outcome for the whole group of prioritized pathologies were observed. In the women caregiver dimension, we found that women are the primary health care providers. There is a knowledge gap concerning obesity and musculoskeletal conditions. However, both were reported as health consequences of women’s caregiving roles.
Reseña de El profundo espejo del deseo. Nuevas perspectivas críticas en torno a la poética de Delmira Agustini, de Mirta Fernández dos Santos
Authors: Coello Gutiérrez Emiliano
Published: December 2021

Reseña de:
Mirta Fernández Dos Santos, El profundo espejo del deseo. Nuevas perspectivas críticas en torno a la poética de Delmira Agustini (I Premio de investigación filológica “Profesor José Romera Castillo”), Madrid, Verbum, 2020. ISBN: 978-84-1337. 353 pp.
Science and Technology Studies
Authors: Andersen Bjarke Lindsø , Tafdrup Oliver
Published: December 2021

Indholdet i skolens fag har altid været genstand for diskussioner om, hvordan sammenspillet mellem skolefag og videnskab kan og bør tage sig ud. I sin aktuelle form står teknologiforståelse på skuldrene af datalogi og design. Disse leverer vigtige inputs til faget men involverer ofte et målrettet fokus på digitale færdigheder og designprocesser, der fører til digitale løsninger på komplekse problemer. Vi argumenterer for, at STS-feltet (Science and Technology Studies) kan bidrage til en nuanceret teknologiforståelse, hvor digital myndiggørelse bliver et spørgsmål om at kunne bedrive teknologikritik. Denne evne kræver et begrebsligt udgangspunkt, og her byder STS sig til. Vi præsenterer tre begreber fra forskellige STS-positioner: mediering, teknologisk intentionalitet, og sociotekniske imaginationer. Først præsenterer vi begreberne – dernæst diskuterer vi, hvordan de kan danne udgangspunkt for en didaktik, der kvalificerer teknologikritikken i den digitale myndiggørelse.
Technology education in academic bildung
Authors: Pischetola Magda
Published: December 2021

Recent studies have acknowledged the pedagogical challenges posed by digital technologies in higher education (HE) and the need to expand teacher professional development. In this paper, we present the first conceptualization of Teknosofikum, a three-year project funded by the Danish Ministry of Higher Education and Science, aimed at promoting HE teachers’ professional development in technology education. The goal of the project is to develop an interdisciplinary course for in-service HE teachers in Denmark, through design-based research in three iterations (2020-2023). The paper draws on data from the preparation phase at first iteration, including definition of intended curriculum, content development with subject experts, and learning activities design. A sociomaterial perspective is adopted, informed by STS, critical design and feminist studies. Through these theoretical lenses, professional technology education is understood in Teknosofikum as situated knowledge about the relationship between technology and society, translated into practice through an approach of critical relational pedagogy.
Den teknologisk myndige borger
Authors: Christensen Anders Stig , Nielsen Morten Velsing
Published: December 2021

Målet med artiklen er at bidrage til udviklingen af en kritisk og demo-kratisk tilgang til, hvad en digital myndiggørelse kan indebære i teori og praksis. I forsøgsfaget teknologiforståelse er digital myndiggørelse et af fire kompetenceområder, og fagets ambition er ”danne og uddan-ne eleverne” til at være ”aktive, kritiske og demokratiske borgere”. I artiklen argumenterer vi for, at den nuværende beskrivelse af digital myndiggørelse i forsøgsfaget er for snævert fokuseret på design og re-design af digitale artefakter. Artiklens bidrag er derfor en tilgang, som fremhæver elevernes muligheder for kritisk at tage stilling og handle i forhold til teknologiens rolle i samfundet. Dette underbygges teoretisk og med eksempler. Artiklen kan inspirere til den videre udvikling af digital myndiggørelse i skolens fag samt mere avancerede diskussioner af digital myndiggørelse i udskolingen i samfundsfag og dansk.
Teknologiforståelse i fag
Authors: Slot Marie Falkesgaard , Gissel Stig Toke , Hjorth Mikkel
Published: December 2021

Artiklen bygger på et interviewstudie med faglige udviklere i afprøv-ningsforsøget i teknologiforståelse i folkeskolen (UVM, 2018-2021). Målet med studiet er at afdække udviklernes erfaringer med trans-formation af teknologiforståelse til prototyper (undervisningsforløb) i eksisterende skolefag. Artiklen peger på baggrund af udviklernes for-tolkninger på fire potentielle barrierer for et reelt fagmøde og dermed for integration af teknologiforståelse i eksisterende fag: Manglende samtænkning af begreber og fagsprog, divergerende definitioner af teknologi, manglende overlap og relevans i tildelingen af delelementer af fagligheden og manglende plads til faglig udvikling.
Technology understanding in a more-than-human world
Authors: Danholt Peter
Published: December 2021

In this article, I wish to unfold the question: "what is technology actually and what characterizes our relation to technology?” and relate it to the technology understanding course, since how we think about and perceive technology, is arguably consequential for how we practice and conduct our lives and societies and for what we consider possibilities, problems, solutions and necessary actions. What I will argue is that we need to challenge a preferred and inherently humanistic and anthropocentric understanding of technology that sees technology as ideally a designed object subject to human control. This is an understanding that has dominated throughout enlightenment and modernity. However, my argument in this text is that it is both inadequate and problematic because it keeps us in a frame of thinking that perpetually reproduces the idea of technological solutions to problems.
Nietzsche, Feyerabend e Foucault: um diálogo sobre o eclipse da ciência na política atual
Authors: Zanetti Fernando Luiz , Lourenço Castanheira Karol Natasha
Published: December 2021

Este estudo toma a ciência como um espaço atravessado por forças que a constituem a partir de múltiplos jogos de interesses. Em seguimento a tal contexto visa-se entender como a ciência institucionalizada como princípio dominante do saber na idade moderna perde potência na contemporaneidade. Tal reflexão apoia-se nas formulações de Nietzsche/Deleuze, Feyerabend e Foucault. Considera-se, ao final, que os jogos de verdadeiro e falso e a retirada do teor valorativo — de atividade ou reatividade, nobreza ou vileza — das práticas científicas criaram um solo propício para o fortalecimento da verdade relativa, da ficção e da moral. Contudo, em momentos de crises, como as de emergência sanitária, recorre-se ao saber científico como tábua de salvação.
IZAZOVI I PROBLEMI SAVJETOVANJA DJECE I MLADIH U ŠKOLI
Authors: Radetić Lovrić Sanja , Marić Tatjana
Published: December 2021

Savjetovanje u školi je jedan od važnih procesa koji se odvijaju u vaspitno-obrazovnim ustanovama. Ovaj rad je rezultat istraživanja provedenog na uzorku 203 stručnih saradnika u osnovnim i srednjim školama, na teritoriji Republike Srpske u periodu aprila do juna 2021 godine. Ukazuje na važnost savjetovanja djece i mladih u školi kao procesa pružanja pomoći od strane stručnih saradnika (pedagoga, psihologa, socijalnih radnika, defektologa). Provedena je studija kvalitativno-kvantitativnog tipa, te je za potrebe studije kreiran upitnik s ciljem da se ispitaju mišljenja stručnih saradnika o izazovima i problemima sa kojima se susreću u savjetodavnom radu sa djecom i mladima, kao i njihova samoprocjena iskustva, vještina i kompetencija u području savjetovanja. Utvrđeno je da ispitanici prepoznaju važnost savjetovanja kao područja rada stručnih saradnika. Dobili smo rezultate koji ukazuju na dvije grupe problema vezanih za: kontekst (predmet savjetovanja, vrijeme, komunikaciju) i identitet (iskustvo i kompetencije). Rezultati istraživanja impliciraju na značaj savjetodavne uloge u pomoći i podršci djeci i mladima u rješavanju njihovih problema (neslaganje s nastavnicima, odnosi sa vršnjacima, problemi u porodici), kao i na značaj unapređenja kompetencija za savjetodavni rad.
SKLONOST AKADEMSKOM VARANJU STUDENATA FAKULTETA ZDRAVSTVENIH STUDIJA SVEUČILIŠTA U MOSTARU
Authors: Ljevak Ivona , Mišković Ana , Romić Marko
Published: December 2021

Uvod: Akademski integritet temeljna je obaveza koju bi svi, kako profesori tako i studenti trebali podržati na svim razinama, kako bi na taj način budućoj radnoj snazi usadili vrijednost profesionalnog integriteta. Studije pokazuju da između polovine i dvije trećine studenata varaju barem jednom tijekom studija. Smatra se da je najozbiljniji oblik varanja, zapravo varanje na ispitu znanja, koje može uključivati prepisivanje odgovora od drugog studenta, upotrebu šalabahtera i pomaganje drugom studentu da vara na ispitu. Cilj istraživanja: Cilj ovog istraživanja je ispitati sklonost akademskog varanja studenata preddiplomskog studija Fakulteta zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Mostaru i spremnost uključivanja drugih osoba u izvršavanje akademskog nepoštenja. Metode i ispitanici: U istraživanje je uključeno 257 studenata Fakulteta zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Mostaru. Od tog broja, 89 ispitanika Radiološke tehnologije, 122 ispitanika Fizioterapije i 46 ispitanika Sanitarnog inženjerstva. Anketa je anonimna i ista se provela preko Google Forms koji je sastavni dio Google Drivea (Google Diska) u periodu od 1. 9. 2020. do 10. 9. 2020. godine. Rezultati: Istraživanjem se utvrdilo da studenti najviše traže usluge od rođaka, prijatelja, te kolege kojeg površno poznaju, dok od kolega koje ne poznaju, većina studenata ne bi tražili navedene usluge. Istraživanje je pokazalo kako je veći postotak muških studenata koji su spremni na akademsko varanje nego postotak žena. Rezultati pokazuju statistički značajnu razliku akademskog varanja između studenata 1. i 3. godine studija. Zaključak: Istraživanjem se utvrdilo je da su studenti spremni na akademsko varanje, te uključivanje drugih u izvršenje istog. Potrebno je uvođenje preventivnih mjera, kao što je uvođenje strožih kazni, etičkih tečajeva, primjena kodeksa ponašanja, edukacija učenika i studenata o varanju i plagijarizmu kroz radionice ili druge načine. Važnu ulogu imaju i profesori koji trebaju biti svjesni da poticanjem integriteta studenata podižu razinu svijesti u studenta o lošem utjecaju akademskog varanja u njihovoj budućnosti.
ULOGA TRENERA U RAZVOJU SPORTAŠA
Authors: Zovko Anita , Imamović Sara , Klapan Leo
Published: December 2021

Sport zauzima bitno mjesto u životu i razvoju djece i mladih sportaša pa je nužno da im se u sportu pruži dovoljna količina pozitivnog iskustva kako bi se osigurali pozitivni odgojni učinci i smanjila mogućnost odustajanja od sporta. Stupanj privlačnosti sportskog okruženja djeci i mladima u velikoj mjeri je određen načinom na koji će trener strukturirati sportski kontekst, koje će ciljeve postaviti kao prioritetne i koje će vrijednosti i stavove promovirati te koje će oblike rukovodećeg ponašanja odabirati. Ako navedeni aspekti djeluju na formiranje pozitivnog sportskog iskustva kod mladog sportaša, to će djelovati na njegovu motivaciju i izbor da upravo sport bude okruženje u kojem će razvijati i potvrđivati svoje potencijale.
ULOGA ORGANA STARATELJSTVA I SOCIJALNOG RADA U ZAŠTITI MLADIH SA DISOCIJALNIM PONAŠANJEM
Authors: Stojanović Ružica
Published: December 2021

Društvo u kojem živimo je utvrdilo i definisalo brojne društvene vrijednosti i norme i oblike ponašanja prema kojim bi svaki pojedinac trebao da prilagodi svoje ponašanje. Disocijalno ponašanje ili poremećaje ponašanja mladih možemo posmatrati kao nepoštovanje ustaljenih društvenih normi i oblika ponašanja koji su prihvatljivi u određenom društvu. Najčešće se disocijalno ili poremećeno ponašanje povezuje sa mladima u društvu. Veoma je važno otkriti na vrijeme i pravilno postupati sa mladima disocijalnog ponašanja, jer u suprotnom može doći do pojave ozbiljnijih kršenja društvenih i zakonskih normi u odrasloj dobi. Značajnu ulogu u zaštiti mladih disocijalnog ponašanja ima socijalni rad i socijalni radnici kao predstavnici organa starateljstva. Uloga organa starateljstva u zaštiti mladih disocijalnog ponašanja kreće se od otkrivanja i praćenja te prevencije ovih oblika ponašanja, do uloga koje ima u krivično-pravnom postupku, izvršenju vaspitnih mjera te zaštite maloljetnika nakon otpust iz ustanova za resocijalizaciju. Cilj ovog rada je ukazati na ulogu i značaj socijalnog rada i organa starateljstva u zaštiti mladih disocijalnog ponašanja i objezbjeđivanju uslova za pravilan razvoj i sticanje odgovornosti koje maloljetnici treba da imaju za vlastito ponašanje.
Identification of the areas for improving the Russian legislation on taxation of controlled foreign companies based on the experience of European Union member-states
Authors: Melnikova Aleksandra
Published: December 2021

This article is dedicated to identification and analysis of the gaps in legal regulation of profit taxation of controlled foreign companies (CFC) in the Russian Federation, by comparing the Russian legislation with the legislation of the European Union member-states. Comparison is conducted on the current legislation of the Russian Federation on CFC with analogous rules in France, Germany, Netherlands, and Great Britain. The author determines the similarities and differences in the regimes of profit taxation of controlled foreign companies, and substantiates the need for introducing point amendments to the current legislation of the Russian Federation on profit taxation of controlled foreign companies. The structure of the Russian rules on CFC is largely similar to such in the developed European countries. The definition of the concept of control in the Russian legislation for the most part aligns with the definitions of the analogous concept in the legislation of France, Germany, and Netherlands; although the Russian definition is certainly broader, as it applicable to foreign structures without formation of legal entity, and contains both quantitative and qualitative criteria. Despite formal similarity of the Russian rules on CFC and their foreign equivalents, there are gaps in the Russian legislation, the interpretation of which by the tax authorities and the Ministry of Finance is at times contradictory and often does not benefit the taxpayer. Numerous questions arise from filling out and submitting participation notices and CFC notices, the procedure for which also contains multiple gaps, and the grounds for their submission in the legislation are quite ambiguous. Taxpayers often do not timely notify the tax authority on the participation in CFC or do not submit the corresponding notice due to inaccessibility of software for filling out notices for companies established in particular organizational-legal form.
Foreign experience in income taxation of companies
Authors: Samokhvalova Ksenia Vladimirovna
Published: December 2021

The subject of this research is the rules of corporate income taxation foreign countries existing in foreign countries, the experience of implementation of which is valuable for further development of the Russian legislation. The current state of tax systems is viewed from the perspective of implementation of the baisc tax functions: fiscal and regulatory. The importance of corporate profit taxation in formation of the income base of the budgets of the budgetary system of the Russian Federation justifies special attention to the existing mechanisms for distinguishing tax revenues between budgets of bot different levels and same level. In the context of state regulation of the economy, analysis is conducted on the tax incentive instruments and preferential tax conditions intended for stimulating innovative activity of the companies. The scientific novelty lies in summarizing the experience of foreign countries in corporate income taxation, determining the leading  practices, and formulating recommendations for their implementation in Russia. The conducted research reveals the trends in reforming tax legislation of the developed countries aimed at stimulation of entrepreneurial activity. Sustained reduction in corporate income tax rates, shift away from progressive scale, and implementation of new tax incentives contribute to lowering of fiscal burden on businesses and create favorable conditions for the economic development. The author develops recommendations for the improvement of corporate profit taxation in the Russian Federation: 1) For increasing the validity of division of tax revenues between regional budgets, it is suggested to change the procedure for calculating the tax payable by separate banks units. In calculation of the share of taxable profit for each bank unit, it is recommended to take into account labor costs, amount of loans issued and deposits raised. 2) The comparative analysis of the Russian and foreign experience of tax incentives demonstrated the shortage of instruments intended for commercialization of innovations in the Russian Federation, which substantiates the need for implementation of preferential taxation of income from use of the objects of intellectual property.
The relationship between numerosity perception and mathematics ability in adults: the moderating role of dots number
Authors: Sun Ji , Sun Pei
Published: December 2021

Background

It has been proposed that numerosity perception is the cognitive underpinning of mathematics ability. However, the existence of the association between numerosity perception and mathematics ability is still under debate, especially in adults. The present study examined the relationship between numerosity perception and mathematics ability and the moderating role of dots number (i.e., the numerosity of items in dot set) in adults.

Methods

Sixty-four adult participants from Anshun University completed behavioral measures that tested numerosity perception of small numbers and large numbers, mathematics ability, inhibition ability, visual-spatial memory, and set-switching ability.

Results

We found that numerosity perception of small numbers correlated significantly with mathematics ability after controlling the influence of inhibition ability, visual-spatial memory, and set-switching ability, but numerosity perception of large numbers was not related to mathematics ability in adults.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the dots number moderates the relationship between numerosity perception and mathematics ability in adults and may contribute to explaining the contradictory findings in the previous literature about the link between numerosity perception and mathematics ability.
Evaluación de 2 métodos de incubación ex situ para huevos de tortugas marinas considerando temperatura del nido, éxito de eclosión, y calidad de los neonatos
Authors: Ríos-Huerta Diana Rubí , González-Hernández Milagros , Hart Catherine E , Ramírez-Guillén Antonio , Santos Katherine EC
Published: December 2021

Dentro del programa de conservación de tortugas marinas en Boca de Tomates, Jalisco (México), todos los nidos de Lepidochelys olivacea son reubicados a corral de playa o a cajas de poliestireno debido a la recolección ilegal de huevos, la depredación, la erosión y las altas temperaturas de la arena. Con ambos métodos de incubación evaluamos los siguientes términos de viabilidad del nido y calidad de los neonatos: éxito de eclosión, temperatura del nido, duración de incubación y calidad de neonatos (desempeño locomotor, morfometría, peso y malformaciones congénitas). El éxito de eclosión fue significativamente mayor en corral (promedio = 77.4%, n = 1368) que en cajas (promedio = 59.91%, n = 1,160) (P < 0.001). Los nidos incubados en corral eclosionaron en menor tiempo que aquellos incubados en cajas (corral = 46 d, cajas = 51 d) (P < 0.001) debido a una temperatura promedio significativamente más elevada (corral = 32.62 ºC, cajas = 30.58 ºC) (P < 0.001). El corral fue expuesto a menor variabilidad de la fluctuación térmica diaria (corral = 1.46 ºC, cajas = 2.69 ºC) (P < 0.001). No encontramos diferencia significativa en ningún parámetro de calidad de los neonatos entre los métodos de incubación (P > 0.050). Determinamos que las malformaciones en L. olivacea tienen baja prevalencia (corral = 1.35%, caja = 1.89%) y bajo índice de intensidad por organismo (corral = 1.52, cajas = 1.89) en este sitio. Este es el primer estudio que conocemos que compara la calidad de neonatos de una misma especie (L. olivacea) entre estos 2 métodos de incubación ex situ en la misma ubicación y durante el mismo periodo de tiempo. Realizar estudios similares a este es importante, puesto que la calidad de los neonatos puede contribuir a su capacidad de supervivencia y reproducción.
Ictiofauna de la bahía Maguey, Oaxaca, México, y su relación con la estructura del hábitat
Authors: Juárez-Hernández Luis Gibran , Tapia-García Margarito , Ramírez-Gutiérrez José Martin
Published: December 2021

La degradación progresiva de los ecosistemas coralinos hace necesaria la elaboración de inventarios bióticos y la cuantificación de la biodiversidad para el desarrollo y la aplicación de estrategias de conservación y manejo. Acorde a lo anterior, el presente estudio describe la composición, la estructura y la variación espaciotemporal de la comunidad íctica de la bahía Maguey. Se realizaron 47 transectos mediante la técnica de censos visuales entre enero de 2005 y mayo de 2006. Se identificaron 60 especies, 47 géneros y 29 familias. Temporalmente, la composición y estructura íctica no presentó diferenciación (análisis de similitud = 0.034, P = 0.163); sin embargo, la mayor abundancia se presentó en la época de secas, y el mayor número de especies y la mayor diversidad se presentaron en la época de lluvias. Espacialmente, hubo diferencias en la composición y estructura íctica (análisis de similitud = 0.310, P = 0.001), así como en la abundancia, el número de especies y la diversidad. La abundancia, la riqueza de especies y la diversidad estuvieron relacionadas con los atributos del hábitat (diversidad del sustrato, cobertura coralina, profundidad y exposición al oleaje). Esta contribución incrementa la información existente de la ictiofauna de esta bahía y, al ser precedente a los disturbios acontecidos en esta localidad, se espera que sea funcional para análisis que revelen la magnitud y la dirección de los cambios en la comunidad íctica.
Female Sexual Dysfunction in a Third Level Health Facility, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Okwudili Oranu Emmanuel , Oluwaseun Owolabi Ayodeji
Published: December 2021

Background: Observation during our gynaecology consultations does not tend to agree with reviews in literature suggesting high prevalence of sexual dysfunction. With this background, we decided to subject this general observation to scientific scrutiny to determine the proportion of our patients that actually have sexual dysfunction; and thepredisposing risk factors.

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with sexual dysfunction in females attending the gynaecology clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt.

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional questionnaire based study of 72 females of reproductive age group attending the outpatient gynaecological unit of UPTH. They were interviewed using the Female Sexual Dysfunction Index (FSFI). A total FSFI score of less than 26.5 was indicative of sexual dysfunction. The data were collated and entered into SPSS version23 statistical software which was also used for analysis. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction in females was 61.1% using the FSFI of less than 26.50. The most common type of sexual dysfunction among the respondents was desire disorders (66.7%) followed by disorders of orgasm (62.5%), lubrication (56.9%), arousal (43.1%) and pain (40.3%). Advanced age, higher education, parity and female genital cutting were found to be associated with sexual dysfunction.

Conclusion: The findings in this study showed that a significant number of women in our centre are affected with sexual dysfunction.
Chemical and Medicinal Properties of Rauwolfia vomitoria (AFZEL) Harvested from the South Eastern Nigeria
Authors: Chinonye Iwu Irenus , Chijioke Chinonye , Iwuji C. Samuel , Ifeoma Obiagwu , Lynda Uchenna Onu , Augusta Ukaoma Adanma , Maureen Chijioke-Okere , Oluchukwu Ezekoye. Miracle
Published: December 2021

Aim: This work was carried out to evaluate the chemical constituents of the leaf of Rauwolfia vomitoria and to determine the activities of the extract on some selected human pathogens

Study Design: The study was designed to characterize the compounds in the extract and to determine their medicinal applications

Place and Duration of Study: The work was done at the Department of Chemistry Federal University of Technology Owerri

Methodology: Standard assay technique was used to evaluate the phytochemical content of the sample. GC-MS analysis was carried out on the chloroform extract of the sample. The anti microbial activities were determines using the well agar diffusion method

Results: The analysis of the components of the leaf extract of Rauwolfia vomitoria Afzel revealed the presence of 34 compounds with their molecular masses  molecular weights and structures, all elucidated. The initial phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids 1.92%, saponins 1.12% , flavonoids 1.15% and cardiac glycosides, the extract showed marked inhibition of the growth of certain human pathogens with inhibition diameters recorded against Klebsiella pnuemonia, 22 mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 18 mm,Aspergillis niger 24 mm and Mucor specie 9 mm but was resistant to Streptococcus specie.The extract contain anti cancer,anti-tumuor antioxidant, anti-inflammatory ,cardioprotectives compounds which inludes phytol, Vitamin E, Campestrol, sistosterol, squalene, lupeol and vaccenic acid.

Conclusion: Owing to the identified properties of the sample ,Rauwofia vomitoria leaf is excellent ingredient for the treatment of diaeases related to Klebsiella pnuemonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa Aspergillis niger and Mucor specie and also for the treatment cancer, tumuor, inflammation, arthritis,beingn prostate hyperplasia, fibromyalgia, allergies, coronary heart.
Echocardiographic Findings in Children of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Yasmin Farhana , Afroz Shireen
Published: December 2021

Background: Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) are at significantly increased risk for both morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Determining the spectrum of echocardiographic abnormalities in these patients can help in reduction of morbidity and mortality from CKD.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was held on department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, during July 2018 to December 2018 (Six months). A total of thirty-six children with chronic kidney disease with creatinine clearance <60ml/min/1.73 m2 and age ranged from 2 to 16 years on supportive treatment and hemodialysis were included. In control group equal number of age and sex matched healthy children without any preexisting renal or cardiovascular diseases were included. Both study group and control group were assessed for cardiovascular findings by echocardiography.

Results: The mean age was 9.09±3.01 years (mean±SD) in case group and 7.85±3.69 years (mean±SD) in control group. Regarding sex, 22 patients (61.1%) in the case group were male and 14 (38.9%) were female.  In this study, in CKD patients significant (p<0.001) difference was observed in following cardiac parameters, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (38.34 vs 34.52), left ventricular end systolic diameter LVESD (26.64 vs 20.75), interventricular septal thickness (IVS) (9.34 vs 7.27), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT) (8.36 vs 7.46), ejection fraction (EF) (56.68% vs 70.36%), fractional shortening (FS) (31.88% vs 38.30%) and peak early diastole velocity/peak atrial filling velocity (E/A ratio) (1.15 vs 1.45) when compared to control group. Most common cardiac abnormality in children with chronic kidney disease were left ventricular systolic dysfunction (44.4%), mild pulmonary hypertension (30.6%) and left atrial dilatation (27. 8%).

Conclusion: Left ventricular systolic dysfunction was the commonest echocardiographic findings in CKD children. There was also significant difference in diastolic function between study and control group.
Effect of Nutrient Management through Bio Organic Manures on Quality of Acid Lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle)
Authors: Prabha V. Vijay , Kumar A.Vignesh , Angel Y. , Abinaya S. , Kumar G. Pradeep
Published: December 2021

Acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle) is one of the commercial fruit crops which occupies important place in the fruit industry, but yield levels of citrus orchards are still very low. Alternate nutrient management system could help in achieving high yield and quality of acid lime. Thus, an investigation was undertaken on the “Effect of nutrient management through bio-organic manures on quality of acid lime (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle)” in the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India during 2016 – 2018. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with twelve treatments, various organic manures, biofertilizers along with inorganic fertilizers including recommended dose of fertilization @ 100%, 75%, 50%, farm yard manure @ 100%, 50%, Vermicompost @ 100%, 50%, Biofertilizers ( 25g Azotobacter + 25g phosphate solubilising bacteria + 150g vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal) were applied. The quality characters of acid lime were studied at different stages. The observations recorded viz., plant height (m), canopy spread east-west (m), canopy spread north-south (m), canopy height (m), no. of leaves per canopy, leaf area (cm2). The results revealed that plants treated with of T8 -75% RDF + 50% FYM + 50% Vermicompost + Biofertilizers (25g Azotobacter + 25g PSB + 150g VAM) was observed maximum plant height (m), canopy spread east-west (m), canopy spread north-south (m), canopy height (m), no. of leaves per canopy, leaf area (cm2).
Educational Intervention to Improve the Knowledge, Attitude, Practices of Health Care Professionals and Students Regarding the Pharmacovigilance in Tertiary Care Hospitals
Authors: Kumar M. Pramod , Kumar T. Sasi , Indira C. , Gayatri K. , Bindhu B. Hima , Kumar A. Arjun
Published: December 2021

Introduction: An adverse drug reaction (ADR) is any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect of a drug, which occurs at the doses which are used in humans for prophylaxis, diagnosis, or therapy, which is reported by ‘‘the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problem” known as PV. ADRs are significantly underreported worldwide. A KAP survey usually conducted to collect information on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about general and/or specific topics of a particular population.

Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the KAP studies on the educational intervention to improve the knowledge, attitude, practice of health care professionals and students regarding the pharmacovigilance in tertiary care hospitals. To evaluate, assess and evaluate the measures the knowledge, attitude and practice of PV among students and Health Care Professionals in tertiary care hospital of India.

Methods: Pharmacists and HCPs were asked to complete a paper-based 21 item questionnaire.

Results: A total of 250 pharmacists received the questionnaire and 214 agreed to participate, giving a response rate of 85.6%. In knowledge, component of ADR were known by 71.2% and the term PV and ADR were answered correctly (97.3%). In practice 55.9% attended the PV workshop and 88.8% were willing to implement ADR reporting in practice.

Conclusion: Most of the participants had relatively better knowledge and practice towards PV and ADR reporting. Majority of the health care professional felt ADR reporting to be important. The study also shows, after counseling to them we got better response and results than before. The finding of our study suggests that there is scope for improving the ongoing Pharmacovigilance activities in India. There is a need for continuing educational initiatives for pharmacist and other health care professionals.
Effect of Some Storage Methods on the Quality of Maize Grown in the Ashanti Mampong Municipality of Ghana
Authors: Duah Osborn Addae , Quaye Michael Odenkey , Nyarko Albert
Published: December 2021

This study aims at finding an acceptable storage method for three varieties of Maize grown in the Ashanti Mampong Municipality of Ghana. Survey and standard laboratory protocols were carried out to gather the necessary data for the study. The background study revealed that 18%, 13%, 24%, 15%, 12%, 8% and 10% of farmers store their maize by heaping on the floor, storing in cribs, conventional jute sack, plastic drum, clay pot, triple-layer hermetic bag and polypropylene respectively. The findings also indicated that moisture loss was reduced in the plastic drum and triple-layer hermetic bag after the four months of storage. The proximate composition of the stored produce showed that maize preserved better in the triple layer hermetic bag. It is recommended that the triple-layer hermetic bag should be extensively used in storing maize as it has the ability to reduce moisture loss, and also preserving the nutritional and market value of the produce stored in it.