bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF CONCEPTUAL TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS AND METHODS OF THEIR IMPLEMENTATION DURING THE DESIGN OF A DUST COAL STEAM GENERATOR OF SUPER-SUPER CRITICAL PARAMETERS OF STEAM 28 MPA/600 °С/600 °С FOR 300 MW ENERGY UNIT. PART 1.
Authors: Rokhman B.B. , Dunaevska N.I. , Vifatnyuk V.G.
Published: December 2020

Increasing efficiency of power plant unit, reducing fuel costs, and CO2, NOx and SOx emissions can be achieved by increasing the pressure and temperature of the steam. Analysis carried out for boilers designed for supercritical steam parameters, showed that the increase in pressure and temperature is directly related to the stresses arising in the metal of the superheater, and, consequently, with the need of using high-temperature alloys. Thus, steam generators can be conventionally divided into three groups: supercritical (SC), super supercritical (SSC) and ultra supercritical (USC). The efficiency of the power units of the USC is 3–4 % higher than the efficiency of the SC units, and the efficiency of the power units of the USC is 6–8 % higher than the efficiency of the SC units. For the manufacture of USC boilers, steels based on nickel alloys are required, which are mainly at the stage of development and testing, while for the production of SSC steam generator, steels are manufactured on an industrial scale, therefore, currently, the best option is the construction of SSC power unites. The first part of the work describes the calculation method, the algorithm and the program with the help of which the design and verification thermal calculations of the SSC 28 MPa/600 °С/600 °С were carried out for a 300 MW power unit at rated loads. Two designs of vortex burners (coiled-blade and blade-blade) with a thermal power of 34.471 MJ/s and productivity (for coal) of 5902 kg/h have been developed. Original technical solutions have been developed to improve the reliability of the live steam output stage and to reduce the surface of the first stage of the reheater. Bibl. 5, Fig. 4, Tab. 1.
COMBUSTION RESEARCH OF IMPINGING GAS JETS AT STABILIZATION OF THE FLAME FRONT ON A VERTICAL SURFACE
Authors: Sigal I.Ya. , Smikhula A.V. , Sigal O.I. , Marasin O.V.
Published: December 2020

The conditions of stabilization of combustion of detached gas jets on the vertical surface of the range of nozzle diameters d0 = 1.6–3.0 mm are investigated. The mechanism of flame stabilization of a detached gas jet on a vertical surface is shown, which allows to increase the gas flow rate through one nozzle by 3 or more times with stable combustion, compared to diffusion combustion of a free gas jet, which is not stabilized. The optimal distance to the vertical refractory surface in the nozzle calibers for the creation of slot bottom burner devices has been established. The necessity of using the minimum angles of attack till failure of combustion, which were experimentally founded, for the construction of slot bottom burner devices, is substantiated. It is experimentally established that starting from the gas pressure in the collector-pipe near 500 mmwg and, accordingly, the speed of its flow through the nozzle is more than near 100 m/s at a distance to the vertical surface on which the flame is stabilized 15 < L/d0 <= 30, for the range of nozzle diameters d0 = 1.6–3.0 mm, dimensionless area base sg/s0 of the elliptical cylinder Eb, less than 2–2.5 times of the maximum observed at a distance L/d0 near 40. Bibl. 15, Fig. 6.
OBTAINING OF CARBON-FREE IRON POWDERS BY REDUCTION METHOD IN CONVEYOR FURNACES WITH RECIRCULATION AND REGENERATION OF "GREEN" HYDROGEN
Authors: Khovavko O.I. , Bondarenko B.I. , Sviatenko O.M.
Published: December 2020

The use of absolutely pure hydrogen to obtain carbon-free iron is justified. Such hydrogen can be obtained only by water electrolysis. According to modern trends it can be called "green" hydrogen". Some aspects of pure iron powders obtaining by the method of hydrogen reduction in a conveyor furnace are described. Thermodynamic analysis of the process has shown the expediency of reduction gas re-circulation for the full utilization of its chemical potential. The concept of hydrogen utilization factor is introduced and considered. The concept of hydrogen utilization factor is introduced and considered. It is ascertained that the realization of hydrogen recirculation is possible only in a gas-tight aggregate. Powder locks for sealing the end faces of conveyor furnaces for reduction and annealing of metal powders are developed. The basics of energy-efficient scheme for a reduction of iron with hydrogen recіrculation and regeneration have been developed and realized on practice. This innovation allows to reduce gas consumption almost to the stoichiometric index. Bibl. 15, Fig. 4, Tab. 2.
Tip 1 Diyabet ve Çölyak Hastalığı Birlikteliği: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Atik Altınok Yasemin , Gökşen Damla
Published: December 2020

Tip 1 diyabet ve çölyak hastalığı en yaygın pediatrik otoimmün hastalıklardır. Tip 1 diyabetli çocuk ve ergenlerde çölyak hastalığı sıklığı genel popülasyondan daha yüksektir. Tip 1 diyabetli çocuklarda çölyak hastalığının genellikle asemptomatik olması nedeniyle, çoğu olgu yalnızca çölyak hastalığı taraması ile tanı alır. Glutensiz diyet tek tedavi yöntemidir. İyi metabolik kontrol ve büyümenin devamını sağlamak için aileye/bakımdan sorumlu bireylere yeterli-dengeli glutensiz diyet uygulamaları ve karbonhidrat sayımı konularında danışmanlık bu konuda deneyimli diyetisyen tarafından verilmelidir. Bu makalede, tip 1 diyabet ve çölyak hastalığı olan olgu sunulmuştur.
Design Consideration for Inter-Religious Dialogue in Malaysia: The Incorporation of Contact Theory
Authors: Ab Majid Arfah
Published: December 2020

Inter-religious dialogue has been implemented in Malaysia by various organizations, be it Muslim’s or Non-Muslim’s organizations as early as 1950s.Often being carried out in the format of intellectual discourse and forum, its accessibility to the non-academician, non-scholars and non-elite is uncertain.If the inter-religious dialogue programs could not reach the grassroots, its effectiveness in addressing inter-religious issues that affected the grassroots is also doubtful.International dialogue practitioners has begun to include number of theories in their dialogue designs to reach out broader range of community.One of the theories is Contact Theory proposed by Gordon Allport (1959) aims at addressing in-group/out-group bias.Therefore, this study attempts to examine the application of Contact Theory in two models of inter-religious dialogue in Malaysia (i.e. Institut Kefahaman Islam Malaysia (IKIM) and Inter-faith Spiritual Fellowship (INSaF)).Case study research design was employed in order to identify the design of interreligious dialogue and the presence of Contact Theory within the two models.Data obtained through interviews and document analysis were than analysed using within-case and cross-case analysis (Miles & Huberman, 1994).The finding suggest that IKIM’s and INSaF’s inter-religious dialogue models did not include any special session that allowed a real dialogue or cooperative interaction (one of important elements in Contact Theory) to take place among the participants.Without cooperative interaction among the participants, it would be difficult for these two models to reap the benefit of Contact Theory.Future research should focus on developing inter-religious dialogue design that is more appropriate for the grassroots with the inclusion of Contact Theory.
STRATEGIES OF ELECTRIC BUS IMPLEMENTATION IN SOEKARNO-HATTA AIRPORT USING STRENGTH-WEAKNESS-OPPORTUNITY-THREAT (SWOT) ANALYSIS AND QUANTITATIVE STRATEGIC PROGRAMMING MATRIX
Authors: Rahman Andhika , Kuntjoro Yanif Dwi , Supriyadi Imam
Published: December 2020

Most of the transportation in Indonesia still uses oil as their fuel, thus Indonesia is currently facing one of the Energy Security issues which are oil availability. Nowadays, Indonesia doesn’t have sufficient oil production, consequently, Indonesia must import oil to meet its daily demand. Furthermore, Indonesia also dealing with an environmental issue from the transportation sector, which is air pollution. Air pollution is one of the non-military threats that threaten the lives of many people in Indonesia. The non-military defense is an effort made to ward off non-military threats. One of the ways to fight air pollution is to reduce the use of oil in the transportation sector.  Currently, the development of innovative technology in the field of transportation is increasingly oriented to electric vehicles (EV). This is due to EVs that do not produce gas emissions, increase energy efficiency, and reduce oil consumption. In August 2018, a one-week trial runs on an electric bus at Soekarno-Hatta Airport conducted to looking for responses from passengers when boarding an electric bus as an airport shuttle bus. Therefore, this study will be further determining the strategies of electric bus implementation at Soekarno-Hatta Airport. The method used is a qualitative method using a case study approach and Strength-Weakness-Opportunity-Threat Analysis with Quantitative Strategic Programming Matrix. This study concludes that the strategy that has to be implemented first for electric bus implementation in Soekarno-Hatta Airport is Strength-Opportunity 3 (SO3) strategy, which is collaborating with Bus Companies to become a pioneer in electric bus implementation in Indonesia’s Airport and improve the Eco Airports Status.
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) FOR MAPPING OF DRUG ABUSE USING SPATIAL CORRELATION ANALYSIS IN NORTH SUMATRA PROVINCE
Authors: Isnaini Fitri , Pramudhiarta Narwawi
Published: December 2020

Drug abuse is a problem that affects almost every country in the world including Indonesia. In the long term, it has the potential to disrupt competitiveness, weaken national resilience, and can hinder the progress of a nation. North Sumatra is a province that has the highest prevalence of drug abusers in Indonesia,  which none of the villages in this Province is free from drug abuse. The North Sumatera Province also has the highest number of drug abusers undergoing rehabilitation at the BNN Rehabilitation Center. The use of geospatial technology can help understand the phenomenon of drug abuse by area or spatial. One of the geospatial technology that commonly uses is the Geographic Information System (GIS). This study aims to show that GIS can be used in mapping drug-prone areas in North Sumatra based on North Sumatran people undergoing drug rehabilitation. The method used is a retrospective based on secondary data and spatial statistics in GIS. The environment prone to drug abuse based on the number of people undergoing drug rehabilitation at the BNN Rehabilitation Center from North Sumatra is divided into 3 zones based on the number of clients distributed in BNN Rehabilitation Center, namely red, yellow and green. Red zone 3 cities/districts namely Deli Serdang, Medan, and Binjai with 9 sub-districts namely Percut Sei Tuan, Medan Amplas, Medan Helvetia, Medan Tembung, Medan Perjuangan, Binjai Utara, Medan Sunggal, Medan Johor, Medan Timur. The yellow area has 25 districts, the green area is 103 districts. In a conclusion, the Geographic Information System (GIS) is a technology that can be used to map drug-prone areas.
STRATEGI BADAN KESATUAN BANGSA DAN POLITIK DALAM MEWUJUDKAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA UNGGUL
Authors: Setiawan Mursyid , Ramdhani Hilal , Darmawan Cecep
Published: December 2020

Sumber daya manusia merupakan aspek yang sangat penting bagi kemajuan suatu bangsa, permasalahan yang terjadi saat ini yaitu adanya ancaman internal berupa radikalisme, teorisme dan inteloransi, serta ancaman eksternal berupa keamanan territorial dan keamanan digital. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk memahami dan menganalisa strategi Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kota Bandung dalam mewujudkan sumber daya manusia unggul guna menghadapi berbagai ancaman yang dihadapi Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan reduksi, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsep strategi yang dilakukan oleh Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kota Bandung berupa pendidikan dan pelatihan bela negara kepada masyarakat, pelaksanaan yang dilakukan masih bersifat konvensional, alternatif untuk mewujudkan sumber daya manusia unggul yang dilakukan oleh Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik yaitu dengan mengoptimalkan penggunaan teknologi, membuat kurikulum yang berkelanjutan dan berkesinambungan dan fokus pada pengembangan literasi digital masyarakat untuk mencegah berbagai ancaman eksternal dan internal.

Kata Kunci: Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik, Bela Negara, Indonesia, Masyarakat, Sumber Daya Manusia
POTENSI KOMODITI PERDAGANGAN PISANG DALAM RANGKA MEMENUHI PERMINTAAN DAN MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI PERTAHANAN (STUDI DI KABUPATEN BOGOR)
Authors: Sulistyowarni Indriana , Sundari Sri , Halim Supandi
Published: December 2020

Salah satu fokus pertahanan nirmiliter di Indonesia adalah pertahanan sektor ekonomi diantaranya penguatan neraca perdagangan melalui mendorong ekspor komoditas perdagangan. Komoditas perdagangan hortikultura Indonesia yang berpotensi besar yaitu pisang. Keunggulan pisang dari Indonesia apabila dibandingkan dengan negara lain ialah keragaman varietas dan memiliki rasa yang khas. Sedangkan kelemahan ekspor pisang dari  Indonesia meliputi kemasan kurang kompetitif, masih ada kualitas yang belum memenuhi standar ekspor serta pasokan belum sustainable. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan sejauh mana potensi pisang yang besar bisa dimanfaatkan secara optimal. Diharapkan memberikan kontribusi terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat, pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah dan pemasukan dari ekspor serta mendukung ketahanan pangan. Dengan menerapkan metode kualitatif dan melalui wawancara dan participant observation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pisang berpotensi besar dikembangkan di Kabupaten Bogor akan tetapi pemanfaatan potensi tersebut belum optimal. Faktor penghambat pengembangan meliputi penerapan teknik budidaya belum sesuai SOP, keterbatasan lahan skala besar/kebun, alih fungsi lahan, kurang pelatihan dan pendampingan, tidak ada kemitraan perusahaan besar, jaminan stok ekspor belum stabil, belum lolos uji SPS serta keberpihakan negara tujuan ekspor kepada negara tertentu. Faktor pendukung yaitu kesesuaian agroklimat, peluang pasar besar, kesediaan petani tinggi. Upaya yang sudah dilakukan yaitu alokasi anggaran dan inventarisasi lahan. Oleh karena itu perlu membangun kemitraan dengan swasta/ perusahaan besar, pendampingan berkelanjutan, sinergi dan kooordinasi Pemda, swasta, masyarakat dan lembaga penelitian. Hal ini penting guna meningkatkan potensi pisang sebagai komoditi perdagangan baik produksi serta produktivitasnya meningkat sehingga mampu memenuhi permintaan pasar domestik dan ekspor. Pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan keamanan ekonomi sebagai salahsatu fokus utama ekonomi pertahanan.

Kata kunci : potensi, komoditi perdagangan pisang, permintaan pasar domestik dan ekspor, ketahanan pangan, ekonomi pertahanan
THE STRATEGY OF THE BANDUNG CITY’S NATIONAL UNITY AND POLITICS AGENCY IN REALIZING EXCELLENT HUMAN RESOURCES
Authors: Setiawan Mursyid , Ramdhani Hilal , Darmawan Cecep
Published: December 2020

The strategy of the Bandung National Unity and Political Agency (Bakesbangpol) in realizing excellent human resources is still conventional. This can be seen in the form of education and training for the community without using technological advances to develop community digital literacy as an effort to create excellent society and protect from internal threats in the form of radicalism, terrorism, and intolerance; and externally,  in the form of territorial security and digital security. The purpose of this study is to analyze the strategy of the Bandung City Political and National Unity Agency in realizing excellent human resources to face the various threats facing Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with case study methods, data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation, then analyzed using reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the strategic concept carried out by the Bandung City Political and National Unity Agency in the form of education and training to defend the state for the community. The implementation carried out was still conventional, an alternative to realizing excellent human resources carried out by the National Unity and Political Agency, namely by optimizing the use of technology, create a sustainable curriculum and focus on developing digital literacy in society to prevent various external and internal threats.

Keywords: The National Unity and Political Agency, defend the state indonesia, society, human resources
GEOSTRATEGY OF BITUNG PORT AREA ON INDONESIA'S MARITIME SECURITY PERSPECTIVE (STUDY ON THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION IN 2018-2019)
Authors: Supartono Supartono , Purwanto Purwanto , Nugraha M. Harry Riana
Published: December 2020

The Port of Bitung area has a number of potentials that can impact the structure of national security and national defense, because it has a strategic concept for the Indo-Pacific Region. The Bitung Port area as an international hub port, stated in the Minister of Transportation Decree Number 54 of 2002 concerning the Implementation of Sea Ports. The method in this study used a qualitative descriptive approach and data analysis techniques used an interactive of model analysis. This study analyzes the Geostrategy concept for the Port of Bitung Region as part of a national security strategy to strengthen national defense based on the maritime security side and the economic implications of the Indo-Pacific Region. The results show that in general the analysis of the strategy of the Bitung port area in maritime security studies for national national security and national defense shows several things: 1) the strategic conditions of the Bitung Port area need to be supported by strategic and integrated policies between the Central government and the North Sulawesi Province Bitung City; 2) the development of special economic zones (KEK) requires accelerated implementation of policies in a sustainable manner with full support from the budget side, this is to strengthen the territorial basis in the geostrategic concept; and 3) there needs to be an approach towards the community in supporting the realization of the strategic area of Bitung City, North Sulawesi. The fulfillment of these requirements has made the Bitung Port area capable of supporting geostrategy through strategic maritime security studies and economic implications, because it is located in the Indo-Pacific Region as a center for political and economic defense so as to strengthen national security and national defense.

Keywords: geostrategy, port area, Bitung Harbor, Indo-Pacific region
Successful reproduction of Trachemys scripta in the Altrhein of Kehl (Germany) and simultaneous increase in population estimate
Authors: Schradin Carsten
Published: December 2020

The European Union categorises pond sliders (Trachemys scripta) as invasive species for which all member countries have to develop an action plan. To date it has been assumed that the climate in Germany is too cold for T. scripta to survive or reproduce. Data collected annually from 2016 to 2020 show that the population of exotic pond turtles in an oxbow lake (Althrein of Kehl, Germany) did not decrease but increased. In addition, the diversity of species released was found to be high, five other exotic species in addition to T. scripta were observed. The population of T. scripta in particular appears to be increasing, with no indication of high mortality due to cold winters and apparently regular successful reproduction (hatchlings
observed in four out of five study years and caught in two years). The current action plan in Germany for T. scripta will have to change if potential negative impacts are to be avoided. Other west and central European countries might also have to modify their action plans accordingly.
“Review on Forensic Odonto-Stomatology”
Authors: Kadashetti Vidya , KM Shivakumar
Published: December 2020

Forensic Odontology has become an integral part of forensic medicine over the past decadesthat utilize dental tissue findings to serve the judicial system. Dental tissues remains can be usedfor identification as using them are cost effective, reliable and fast. Forensic odontology is abranch of dentistry that analyzes dental evidence to overlap the dental and legal profession. Thetooth has been used as weapons and under certain circumstances, may leave information aboutthe identity of the biter, age estimation and gender determination. Dentists have a major role toplay in keeping accurate dental records and providing all necessary information so that legalauthorities may recognize mal practice, negligence, fraud or abuse, and identity of unknownindividuals. This paper will try to summarize the various roles of dental experts in forensicmedicine.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.17-23
Elevated Plasma and Liver tissue Uric Acid Levels in Alloxan Diabetic Rats
Authors: Gowda CV Yogaraje , Senthilkumar S , Kashinath RT
Published: December 2020

Background: Abnormal levels of serum uric acid (UA) causes major health problem due to itspivotal role in the etiology of many systemic diseases. Many research works in recent past haveshown elevated uric acid levels in diabetic subjects. Some reports indicate that uric acid elevationis related to diabetic complications, whereas a few claimed that uric acid elevation is also seen inpre-diabetic condition.The reason for this elevation of uric acid and a possible role of insulin inthis regard is obscure. Hence a study has been undertaken to assess the uric acid status in alloxandiabetic rats with an attempt to establish the possible cause for uric acid elevation.

Methods:The studies were carried out on healthy male Wistar rats with a body weight of 150-180g. Therats were divided into two groups,normal group (Group-1) and alloxan diabetic group (Group-2)with six animals in each group. Induction of diabetes was done by administering a singleintraperitoneal injection of freshly prepared aqueous solution of Alloxan Monohydrate (150mg/Kg body weight) prepared in normal saline, to the overnight fasted rats. After the stipulatedperiod of 30 days, the animals (Group-1 and Group-2) were anesthetized using Isoflurane andsacrificed. They were dissected immediately and liver tissue was procured, blotted to removeblood stains, and placed in cold phosphate buffer saline (pH7.4). Blood samples were collectedusing heparin as anticoagulant.The uric acid levels in plasma, erythrocytes and in liver tissueas well as the levels of ADA in plasma and liver tissue were estimated.

Results: A significant(p<0.001) rise in uric acid levels in plasma, erythrocytes and liver tissue as well as increasedlevels of ADA in plasma and liver tissue was observed in alloxan diabetic rats compared to normal control.

Conclusion: The increased uric acid levels noticed in alloxan diabetic rats maybe due to increased catabolism of purines as evidenced by increased activity of ADA.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.45-49
Does the Job Category Affect Employments’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior In Hospitals?
Authors: Jahani Mohammad Ali , Rostami Fatemeh Hoseini , Mehdizadeh Hakimeh , Mahmoudjanloo Shahrbanoo , Nikbakht Hossein Ali , Mahmoudi Ghahraman
Published: December 2020

Background and Objective: Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is one of facilitatingfactors in improving the quality of service in healthcare section. This study aimed at investigatingthe possible relationship between the job category and employees’ organizational citizenshipbehavior in some selected hospitals located in Northern Iran.

Material and Methods: Thisapplied research was a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional survey conducted in 2016 amongtherapeutic and non-therapeutic/administrative employees working in 5 selected hospitals locatedin Golestan province, Iran. 320 employees were selected randomly by using Cochran samplingformula. The Persian version of Podsakoff’s standard scale for measuring the organizationalcitizenship behavior was used for data collection. The gathered data were analyzed by usingSPSS 18 and applying independent t-test and regression analysis.

Results: The mean rate of nontherapeuticemployees’ organizational citizenship behavior (94.38±7.57) was higher than that oftherapeutic ones (93.98±9.36). The component altruism with 20.78±2.75 among therapeutic staffand the component conscientiousness with 20.87±2.09 among non-therapeutic staff were in thehighest rate. The mean differences of the components of the organizational citizenship behaviorwere not significant, The lowest rate belonged to the component civic virtue (14.28±2.03), butin altruism in which the difference was significantly positive (p= .039).

Conclusion: Althoughthe job category has a low effect on the organizational citizenship behavior, the managersof healthcare centers can improve their employees’ organizational citizenship behavior byimproving organizational culture, work motivation and job satisfaction among the staff.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.74-80
Cholinesterase in different types of the muscle tissue during the early postmortem period for diagnosis of death coming
Authors: Cherkashyna Lidiya , Shklyar Anton , Sukhonosov Roman , Miroshnikova Olha , Naguta Lyudmyla , Olkhovskiy Vasyl , Demikhova Nadiia , Kuts Larysa , Barchan Ganna , Sukhomlyn Ganna , Kyptenko Ludmila
Published: December 2020

The purpose of the research: consisted in study of postmortem regularities in the content of cholinesterasein different types of muscle tissue (MT) for improving accuracy of determination of the prescriptionof death coming PDC.

Materials and methods: The activity/level of cholinesterase was determinedin homogenates of the myocardial (MMH), oesophageal (OMH), diaphragm (DMH) and intercostalmuscles (IMH)within the early PMP (3-13 hours after the coming of death) on 30 human corpses. MTwas sampled in conditions of postmortem biopsy with use of special instruments; MT homogenateswere prepared following the standard technique with subsequent determination of cholinesterase content in MT homogenates.

Results and discussion: The analysis of postmortem changes in the content ofcholinesterase in MT depending upon PDC revealed that after 3 hours from the moment of death comingits highest content was in muscles of the oesophagus, the least one being in MT of the intercostal muscles(respectively, (2,717.1±37.1) and (883.5±6.2) U/g, р<0.001). Levels of cholinesterase content in MT ofthe myocardium and diaphragm were rather close, though they differed (respectively, (1,213.8±8.8) and(1,512.8±11.5) U/g, р<0.05), and occupied an intermediate place between the corresponding values of MTof the intercostal muscles and oesophagus.A common pattern for the content of cholinesterase in differenttypes of MT was characterized by a decrease of this content with an increase in PDC terms; besides, thedynamic lines of its changes, that we obtained, became basic ones for substantiating quantitative timedependencies and construction of relevant nomograms for forensic diagnosis of PDC by cholinesterase content in MT.

Conclusions: It was proved that the content of cholinesterase in all MT homogenates,which we studied, changed regularly (and nonlinearly), but the initial and final levels of cholinesterasecontent differed depending upon the type of MT. Besides, the dynamics in changes of the content ofcholinesterase within the time period of 3÷13 hours from the moment of death coming differed uponthe type of MT too. Advantages of the technique consist in theintegrity of biochemical examinationof different types of MT and simplicity in interpretation of findings. The application of the nomogramtechnique for assessing PDC by cholinesterase content in MT makes it possible to improve the accuracyof diagnosis for terms of the coming of death up to 60 minutes.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.95-100
The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina) versus the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-Ina) For Detecting Mild Cognitive Impairment among The Elderly
Authors: Untari Ida , Subijanto Achmad Arman , Mirawati Diah Kurnia , Sanusi Rossi
Published: December 2020

Background: There are many neuropsychological instruments are used for screening cognitivefunctions in adults, with or without health problems such asthe MMSE-Ina and MoCA-Ina.

Objectives:This study was designed to test the correlations and differences between MMSE-Inaand MoCA-Ina for early detection of decreasing cognitive function in the elderly.

Methods: Total278 subjects were randomly selected from the 17 sub dictricts of Surakarta Municipality, CentralJava, Indonesia. Data collection was carried out in December 2018 and January 2019, withallsubjects individually interviewed using two cognitive tests (which lasted 30 – 45 minutes) alongwith physical and neurological examinations. The MMSE-Ina and MoCA-Ina scores of eachparticipant were correlated using the non-parametric Spearman rank test. Both scores werecompared based on level of education and gender.

Results: The MoCa-Ina detected using MCIwas 215 (77.3%) while MMSE-Ina was 189 (68%), with 176 (63.3%) in severe 10 (3.5%).This study also showed a strong correlation between the MMSE-Ina and MoCA-Ina scores (r= 0.633 p < 0.000). The cut pointin this study were 23/24 for the MMSE-Ina and 25/26 for theMoCA-Ina which was less than 23 and 25,indicated cognitive impairment.

Conclusion: TheMoCA-Ina is usedto screen cognitive impairment in the elderly.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.164-169
Primary Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma originating from the masseter muscle
Authors: Min Hyun Jin , Kim Kyung Soo
Published: December 2020

Recently, as we experienced a case of extranodal NHL originating from the masseter musclecompletely cured by chemotherapy with radiotherapy, we present the clinical, US, CT, andMR imaging findings in additional one case of biopsy-proved extranodal NHL (NK/T celllymphoma) involving predominantly the masseter muscle also review thoroughly our collectedcases of primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma involving the muscles of mastication and facialexpression. On the basis of our comprehensive review, we suggest two conclusions. First, primarymuscle lymphoma particularly originating from muscles of mastication and facial expression isextremely rare, but primary muscle lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosisof muscular masses. Second, primary muscle lymphoma particularly originating from muscles ofmastication and facial expression has similar clinical and radiological characteristics to primaryskeletal muscle lymphoma involving other sites. However, the prognosis is more favorablein primary muscle lymphoma originating from muscles of mastication and facial expressioncompared to primary skeletal muscle lymphoma involving other sites.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.181-186
An asymptomatic case report with Prolonged Viral Clearance: an issue to ponder COVID-19 control and containment
Authors: Sultana Shahnaz , Saha Avirup , Khan Shakila Nargis , Karim Muhammad Manjurul
Published: December 2020

A 58-year-old man was tested positive for COVID-19 with mild clinical symptoms. Although symptoms resolved within 2 days, the patient was tested positive again on day 29 post-illness after a negative test. It took more than 40 days to become a negative carrier of SARS-CoV-2. Such asymptomatic cases raise questions on the recommended isolation period. If not contained, these asymptomatic carriers could create challenges for disease control by allowing infection back to the community. A lengthened isolation of patients with COVID-19 for 6 weeks postillness could be a safeguard for the community.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.187-189
Orthodontic Management of Bilaterally Impacted Maxillary Canines
Authors: Alfawzan Ahmed Ali , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: December 2020

Background: Proper diagnosis and treatment planning are the first steps in management of bilateral impacted maxillary canines (BIMC).

Case Presentation: A 14 years old Saudi female patient with Class II subdivision right molar relationship and BIMC managed by comprehensive orthodontic treatment.

Conclusion: A well-balanced occlusion by orthodontic management of the case has been done.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(1) 2021 p.212-215
función democrática de la arquitectura
Authors: Castillo Molina Juan R.
Published: December 2020

El flujo de conocimiento de una industria basada en riesgos (aeroespacial) hacia otra encargada de producir objetos habitables terrestres, es necesario para ilustrar la función democrática de la arquitectura- En ese orden, el objetivo de este artículo es determinar cómo esa dinámica ilustra la acción liberadora de la profesión, usando una metodología de análisis que toma los conceptos autenticidad, policromía, exactitud, responsividad y habitabilidad (estrategias seminales aeroespaciales); aplicados a la planificación arquitectónica. Como resultado, se descubren principios originarios, componentes intangibles (informadores) y tangibles (formadores) que hacen de la arquitectura un campo eficaz para expandir libertad intelectual.
LA DEMOCRACIA EN EL S. XXI
Authors: Abad Beatriz
Published: December 2020

La democracia como forma de gobierno, ha ido ganando terreno a lo largo de la historia hasta llegar a consolidarse en el siglo XIX, como la preferida por la mayoría de las sociedades. La influencia del pensamiento político liberal, la revolución de la burguesía y el surgimiento de los partidos políticos son, sin duda, hechos que contribuyeron a darle el estatus preferencial del que goza actualmente. Sin embargo, resulta paradójico ver cómo, en cierta forma, las mismas razones que condujeron a la consolidación de la democracia como forma de gobierno preferida por la mayoría de las naciones del mundo, están resultando ser las razones que la están orillando a lo que algunos llaman la «crisis de la democracia».
Combate à COVID – 19: Um olhar para as medidas de prevenção com ênfase no isolamento social
Authors: Alves Rayssa Stéfani Sousa , Sousa Francisco Lucas Leandro de , Leite Airton César , Silva Mariana Pereira Barbosa , Barbosa Talita Costa , Barbosa Júnior Lindemberg , Serra Júlia Lião , Soares Igor Lima , Fagundes Guilia Rivele Souza , Silvestre Filipe Eugênio Rodrigues , Silva Laíssa Almeida Custódio da , Resende Carlos Ananias Aparecido , Silva João Kelson Araújo da , Lima Artenizia Criste , Mesquita Gustavo Nunes de , Borges Paulo Roberto Pereira
Published: December 2020

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar as estratégias de combate à COVID-19, com ênfase no isolamento social. Trata-se, de um estudo de revisão integrativa de literatura, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado por meio da busca de artigos indexados nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), National Center for Biotechnology Information (PUBMED), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS). Os critérios de inclusão compreendem pesquisas de revisão da literatura compreendendo o ano de 2020. Os critérios de exclusão, foram artigos duplicados, incompletos, resumos, resenhas, debates, e relato de experiência. Foram analisados 05 artigos e 04 estudos referentes à entidades de saúde. Os resultados do estudo constataram que, são várias as estratégias e recomendações que visam combater e prevenir a disseminação da COVID-19. Portanto, até o momento, não existem medicamentos ou outras medidas terapêuticas para atuar na erradicação da doença. Várias pesquisas têm sido desenvolvidas nesse sentido, assim como a avaliação e investigação da eficácia de medicamentos já existentes, para atuação no combate ao novo coronavírus. Concluímos que, as medidas preventivas à COVID – 19, ainda não são suficientes para o combate da pandemia. Portanto algumas estratégias preventivas apresentam efetividade na redução do número de casos suspeitos e confirmados da doença, devido o limitado contato com a sociedade, resultando na baixa capacidade de transmissão do vírus.
Abordagem cienciométrica sobre a bioatividade de briófitas: o potencial anti-insetos e as perspectivas para o século XXI
Authors: Alves Raynon Joel Monteiro , Miranda Thyago Gonçalves , Tavares-Martins Ana Cláudia Caldeira
Published: December 2020

Este estudo realizou uma abordagem cienciométrica sobre a bioatividade de briófitas contra insetos e gerou panoramas quanto às técnicas biotecnológicas promissoras para esta linha de pesquisa, em âmbito mundial. Buscaram-se, em bases virtuais de dados, produções acadêmico-científicas correlatas à temática, no período de 2000 a 2020, e sobre as atualidades e perspectivas em briotecnologia para o controle de insetos. Os dados quantitativos foram tabulados e analisados em frequências, utilizando o software Excel 2018, sendo representados em forma de tabelas e gráficos, e as informações qualitativas em quadros. Mapearam-se 19 trabalhos (16 artigos, duas notas científicas e um capítulo de e-book) dispersos entre os continentes (exceto Antártida) e entre os anos, com maior produção asiática em 2012-2013. Identificaram-se 16 espécies de hepáticas (10 famílias botânicas) e 38 de musgos (23 famílias), cuja bioatividade foi avaliada por meio de extratos ou plantas in natura contra lepidópteros, dípteros ou coleópteros, com resultados satisfatórios para antifeedant e/ou inseticida e/ou inibidor de desenvolvimento. Os manuscritos listados foram publicados em 15 períodicos de distintos fatores de impacto, quando havia, e um foi em e-book, geralmente, tendo acesso restrito. O número total de citações desses trabalhos foi de 255, sobretudo, em pesquisas indiferentes a esta temática. Técnicas de engenharia genética, cultivo in vitro e criopreservação de briófitas são citadas como tecnologias atuais que podem dar suporte à bioprospecção de plantas avasculares em escala comercial e sustentável. No mundo existem poucas pesquisas sobre a relação inseto-briófita que podem servir para o desenvolvimento de defensivos agrícolas naturais. Diante disso, sugere-se a ampliação da bioprospecção da brioflora devido o seu potencial biotecnológico no controle de pragas aliada às técnicas biotecnológicas atuais que podem impulsionar a produção comercial e sustentável de pesticidas à base de briófitas ou contribuir com o melhoramento de plantas agrícolas.
Urina de vaca como biopesticida e biorrepelente: revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Jesus Douglas de , Bianchi Vidica , Carbonera Roberto , Silva José Antonio Gonzalez da
Published: December 2020

Realizou-se uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o potencial da urina de vaca como biopesticida e biorepelente na agricultura trazendo informações sobre sua composição química, formas de aplicação e resultados sobre a bioeficácia no controle de diferentes grupos taxonômicos. O mapeamento de produções científicas foi realizado no período de março a agosto de 2020 através das bases eletrônicas: Portal de periódicos Capes, Pubmed e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO). Empregou-se para as buscas termos em idioma inglês e português, sendo os termos empregados: Cattle urine, insects, cow urine, aphids, biopesticide, repellent, urina de vaca, repelente. O período de abrangência das buscas foi limitado aos últimos 10 anos. Ao total, foram contabilizadas 828 publicações. A base Periódico Capes apresentou 804 resultados a partir dos termos de busca utilizados. As bases Pubmed e SciELO apresentaram 24 e zero resultados, respectivamente. Nove artigos atendiam aos critérios e foram selecionados. Do total, 66% das publicações selecionadas foram conduzidas na Índia. Deste total, 55, 5 % dos estudos utilizaram metodologias de coleta, preparo e uso da urina em sua forma fresca; 33,3% empregaram a urina combinada com extratos vegetais e 22,2 % utilizaram a urina em tratamentos de diferentes concentrações. Quanto à ação, 33,3% investigaram a ação inibitória sobre microrganismos fitopatogênicos (bactérias e fungos). Outros 33,3% avaliaram compostos voláteis da urina e 22,2% mensuraram a ação biorrepelente/bioinseticida sobre espécies de artrópodes (insetos e aracnídeos). As discussões abordadas na presente revisão contribuem com informações sobre a composição química, preparo, manejo e potencial de usos da urina de vaca como biopesticida e biorrepelente na agricultura.
DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY MEASURES WITH EYE TRACKING DEVICE
Authors: YAVUZ Ömer Çağrı , BAYKAN Pınar , KARAMAN Ersin
Published: December 2020

Information systems are also used in control records, trainings and environment measurements in the field of occupational health and safety. Moreover, it seems to be a gap in the literature regarding the application of usability testing methods utilized in the field of human-computer interaction in to occupational health and safety (OHS) studies. In this study, it is aimed to determine the effectiveness of occupational health and safety measures via usability test approach. Usability testing was carried out with the help of eye tracking devices. In this experiment research, 26 people were participated. Participants wearing eye tracking devices were asked to find the exit assuming there is a fire. Three experiments were designed in two different institutions. The number of focuses and focus times for fire equipment, panic button and caution signs were examined. In addition, 12 OHS experts' opinions were included in the study. As a result imply that the risk analysis is not enough alone and more comprehensive analysis with information systems is required to improve the precautions to be taken as a result of the risk analysis. It is suggested that the method proposed in the study can also be employed in the context of other emergency cases and disasters.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Luka Dekubitus Akibat Penggunaan Alat Medis di Ruang PICU
Authors: Angriani Rini , Yusuf Saldy , Erika Kadek Ayu , Maryunis Maryunis
Published: December 2020

The use of medical devices in patients treated at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) is very high. Patients who are treated in intensive care are also at risk for medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI). This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the incidence of MRDPI in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) RSUP DR. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. This study used an observational analytic method with a prospective cohort approach. The Sampling method used a simple random sampling of 76 people. This research was conducted on 8 May - 6 July 2019. The data collection technique used an observation sheet with the research instrument used in the form of the Pediatric Early Warning Scoring System to assess critical conditions, the level of awareness was fully used Full Outline of UnResponsiveness score (FOUR Score). The data were analyzed tested by using the statistical the Chi Square with a confidence level of 95%. All data were analyzed using the SPSS version 21.0 program (SPSS, Inc. Chicago, IL). Factors associated with the MDRPI incidence include critical conditions based on PEWSS (p = 0.002), level of awareness based on the FOUR Score (p = 0.025), number of devices installed (p = 0.015), and fixation techniques (p = 0.025). As for peripheral tissue perfusion (p = 0.268), albumin (p = 0.309), skin moisture (p = 0.888) were not related. Factors associated with the incidence of MDRPI include critical condition, level of awareness, number of devices installed, and fixation techniques. It’s recommended to make preventive efforts.
Authors: Labib Muhammad Yazid , Basri Ani Ariani , Diannita Rindang
Published: December 2020

Berdasarkan hasil survei awal stres kerja pada sepuluh perawat di beberapa kamar di instalasi rawat inap, dihasilkan bahwa perawat memiliki tingkat stres kerja yang sedang. Bahkan salah satunya memiliki tingkat stres kerja yang tinggi. Kemudian tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor apa yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stres kerja pada perawat di instalasi rawat inap di RSU "Darmayu". Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasinya adalah sebanyak 90 perawat. Metode pengambilan sampelnya adalah random sampling. Total sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 73 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengukuran stres menggunakan kuesioner survei diagnosis stres dan kuesioner NASA TLX untuk menilai beban kerja. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Chi-Square untuk menemukan hubungan dan menguji hipotesis antara dua variabel dengan menggunakan program SPSS 24. Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi-Square, diperoleh bahwa tidak ada faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stres kerja, baik dari faktor jenis kelamin (p = 0,836), masa kerja (p = 0,572), status gizi (p = 0,108), dan beban kerja (p = 0,434). Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa rata-rata beban kerja dan stres kerja perawat adalah sedang. Kemudian tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, masa kerja, status gizi, dan beban kerja dengan kejadian stres kerja pada perawat di instalasi rawat inap RSU “Darmayu” Ponorogo.
Аспекти правового регулювання формування суддівського корпусу в Україні
Authors: СКОМОРОХА ЛЮДМИЛА
Published: December 2020

У статті досліджуються окремі питання формування високопрофесійного суддівського корпусу в Україні. Звернуто увагу на необхідність законодавчого закріплення в Україні конкретних, деталізованих вимог і критеріїв, які б давали можливість надати професійну оцінку спроможності судді виконувати професійні обов’язки ефективно з урахуванням його професійних, особистих здібностей протягом усього строку перебування на посаді, що спонукало б до підвищення довіри до судового корпусу.
Мета статті полягає у дослідженні питання формування суддівського корпусу та поліпшення доступу до посади суддів з метою ефективного використання всіх можливих засобів і методів, які сприятимуть унеможливленню у майбутньому сумніву у легітимності окремо взятого судді. Незалежність суддів є конституційним принципом організації та функціонування судів, а також професійної діяльності суддів, які при здійсненні правосуддя підкоряються лише закону.
Незалежність суддів забезпечується насамперед особливим порядком їх призначення на посаду та звільнення з посади, забороною будь-якого впливу на суддів, захистом їхніх професійних інтересів.
Авторка доходить висновку, що доцільно вести мову про комплексність проблеми ефективної “життєдіяльності” суддівського корпусу в Україні з огляду на існуючі питання як серед самих суддів, так і їхнього оточення. Доцільно законодавчо визначити обов’язковість проходження відповідних медичних періодично-профілактичних оглядів суддями. З огляду на те, що нервові перевантаження часто поглиблюються порушеннями звичного режиму життєдіяльності, зменшенням часу, який людина витрачає на відпочинок, у сукупності це може призводити до розвитку емоційної нестійкості, що проявляється у зниженні комунікативної компетентності.
Також обґрунтованим постає питання вжиття заходів у процесі добору та призначення на посаду судді щодо унеможливлення виникнення надалі у нього потенційного конфлікту інтересів при розгляді справ. Законодавчого закріплення потребує розширення обмежень у призначенні на посаду судді для осіб, яких було звільнено за порушення присяги державного службовця або прокурора чи з інших компрометуючих підстав, які можуть викликати об’єктивний сумнів щодо доброчесності такого кандидата.