bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Visualising St Brendan’s: mapping a conservation management plan for Birr Community School
Authors: Boyd Gary A. , Mhearáin Aoibheann Ní , McLaughlin John , Kennedy Tara
Published: March 2023

Paradigmatic of a cultural shift in Irish education in the 1960s, St Brendan’s Community School in Birr, County Offaly was designed by Peter and Mary Doyle as a flexible and extendable mat-building articulated by generous social spaces including exterior courtyards and an interior ‘street’. Owned by the Department of Education and Skills, administered by a Board of Management and occupied by approximately one thousand staff and pupils daily, St Brendan’s has been in continuous use since its opening in 1980. Generations of students have benefited from the intimate relationship between the cultural and social life of the school and the architectural form, fabric, and technology that facilitates it. But by the beginning of the twentieth-first century, due to the lack of consideration given to such aspects at the time it was conceived and constructed, the building was suffering from ongoing material degradation and issues in environmental performance.

This article reflects on a research project undertaken on the school, which aimed to provide the means by which its learning environment and energy use could be improved and optimised in a manner consistent with the integrity of the architects’ conceptual thinking and built design: the opportunity for St Brendan’s to continue its course as a successful paradigm, this time for twenty-first-century education through the reconciliation of its future use with its social and education heritage. Guided by the ‘three dimensions of modernity’ - social, technical, and aesthetic - this process involved the development of new ‘ways of seeing’ and ‘methods of action’ applied to the school realised through the production of a series of representations that collectively identified, mapped, and re-presented the significances and values of the school, element by element. The relationships between these phenomena were complex and necessitated an innovative interdisciplinary approach.

St Brendan’s may have embodied a radical new social agenda for education and indeed society in twentieth-century Ireland in its architecture, but the building remains unlisted and, until recently, its significance (nationally and internationally) has been much overlooked. Part of this project’s agenda, therefore, involved raising awareness in the value of the building among existing and potential future stakeholders. The creation of accessible forms of communication that would both synthesise and make clear the complex data generated and the relationships between them was of central importance to the team’s approach. The paper ultimately argues that while attuned to a specific site, these techniques contain the possibility of a wider application, a new visual literacy for the conservation of twentieth-century buildings.
Substorm Influences on Plasma Pressure and Current Densities Inside the Geosynchronous Orbit
Authors: Fu Haobo , Yue Chao , Zong Q.‐G. , Zhou XuZhi , Yu Yiqun , Li Yuxuan , Liu Jianjun , Hu Zejun , Yang Huigen , Reeves Geoffrey D. , Spence Harlan E. , Gerrard Andrew J. , Gkioulidou Matina , Mitchell Donald G.
Published: March 2023

Plasma in the inner magnetosphere is affected by various processes, such as substorms. In this study, we have statistically investigated the ring current properties based on the observations of Van Allen Probes from 2012 to 2019 to examine the substorm effects on the plasma pressure and current system in the inner magnetosphere. The results show that the plasma pressure increases significantly, leading to a ∼3 nT/hr geomagnetic depression during intense substorms. The contribution of <100 keV H+ ions to the plasma pressure increases during substorms, which is more significant at lower L‐shells. Opposite to the H+ ions, the proportion of >10 keV O+ ions contributing to the plasma pressure increases as substorm intensity increases. In addition, the rise of plasma pressure is mainly distributed from dusk to midnight, resulting in the enhancement of asymmetric ring current and the region II field‐aligned currents connecting to the ionosphere. Our results provide a comprehensive view of the variation of plasma pressure and current system in the inner magnetosphere during quiet periods and intense substorms.
Climate Journalism Needs Voices from the Global South
Authors: Donovan Robin
Published: March 2023

Scientists from Africa, South America, and South Asia are more rarely consulted than their peers in the Global North. A new database aims to change that.
Active Volcanoes on Venus?
Authors: Barbuzano Javier
Published: March 2023

With a new look at old imagery, scientists may have found evidence of volcanic activity on Venus.
Antipsychotic drug use complicates assessment of gene expression changes associated with schizophrenia
Authors: Schulmann Anton , Marenco Stefano , Vawter Marquis P. , Akula Nirmala , Limon Agenor , Mandal Ajeet , Auluck Pavan K. , Patel Yash , Lipska Barbara K. , McMahon Francis J.
Published: March 2023

Recent postmortem transcriptomic studies of schizophrenia (SCZ) have shown hundreds of differentially expressed genes. However, the extent to which these gene expression changes reflect antipsychotic drug (APD) exposure remains uncertain. We compared differential gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of SCZ patients who tested positive for APDs at the time of death with SCZ patients who did not. APD exposure was associated with numerous changes in the brain transcriptome, especially among SCZ patients on atypical APDs. Brain transcriptome data from macaques chronically treated with APDs showed that APDs affect the expression of many functionally relevant genes, some of which show expression changes in the same directions as those observed in SCZ. Co-expression modules enriched for synaptic function showed convergent patterns between SCZ and some of the APD effects, while those associated with inflammation and glucose metabolism exhibited predominantly divergent patterns between SCZ and APD effects. In contrast, major cell-type shifts inferred in SCZ were primarily unaffected by APD use. These results show that APDs may confound SCZ-associated gene expression changes in postmortem brain tissue. Disentangling these effects will help identify causal genes and improve our neurobiological understanding of SCZ.
Hybrid molecular graphene transistor as an operando and optoelectronic platform
Authors: Trasobares Jorge , Martín-Romano Juan Carlos , Khaliq Muhammad Waqas , Ruiz-Gómez Sandra , Foerster Michael , Niño Miguel Ángel , Pedraz Patricia , Dappe Yannick. J. , de Ory Marina Calero , García-Pérez Julia , Acebrón María , Osorio Manuel Rodríguez , Magaz María Teresa , Gomez Alicia , Miranda Rodolfo , Granados Daniel
Published: March 2023

Lack of reproducibility hampers molecular devices integration into large-scale circuits. Thus, incorporating operando characterization can facilitate the understanding of multiple features producing disparities in different devices. In this work, we report the realization of hybrid molecular graphene field effect transistors (m-GFETs) based on 11-(Ferrocenyl)undecanethiol (FcC11SH) micro self-assembled monolayers (μSAMs) and high-quality graphene (Gr) in a back-gated configuration. On the one hand, Gr enables redox electron transfer, avoids molecular degradation and permits operando spectroscopy. On the other hand, molecular electrode decoration shifts the Gr Dirac point (VDP) to neutrality and generates a photocurrent in the Gr electron conduction regime. Benefitting from this heterogeneous response, the m-GFETs can implement optoelectronic AND/OR logic functions. Our approach represents a step forward in the field of molecular scale electronics with implications in sensing and computing based on sustainable chemicals.
Electrochemical oxidative difunctionalization of diazo compounds with two different nucleophiles
Authors: Yang Dongfeng , Guan Zhipeng , Peng Yanan , Zhu Shuxiang , Wang Pengjie , Huang Zhiliang , Alhumade Hesham , Gu Dong , Yi Hong , Lei Aiwen
Published: March 2023

With the fast development of synthetic chemistry, the introduction of functional group into organic molecules has attracted increasing attention. In these reactions, the difunctionalization of unsaturated bonds, traditionally with one nucleophile and one electrophile, is a powerful strategy for the chemical synthesis. In this work, we develop a different path of electrochemical oxidative difunctionalization of diazo compounds with two different nucleophiles. Under metal-free and external oxidant-free conditions, a series of structurally diverse heteroatom-containing compounds hardly synthesized by traditional methods (such as high-value alkoxy-substituted phenylthioacetates, α-thio, α-amino acid derivatives as well as α-amino, β-amino acid derivatives) are obtained in synthetically useful yields. In addition, the procedure exhibits mild reaction conditions, excellent functional-group tolerance and good efficiency on large-scale synthesis. Importantly, the protocol is also amenable to the key intermediate of bioactive molecules in a simple and practical process.
An epidemiological study on skin tumors of the elderly in a community in Shanghai, China
Authors: Huang Jianhua , Zhang Linglin , Shi Lei , Wu Minfeng , Lv Ting , Zhang Yunfeng , Lai Yongxian , Tu Qingfeng , Wang Xiuli , Wang Hongwei
Published: March 2023

The morbidity of skin tumors (ST) in China is a great concern as the population ages. No epidemiological survey on ST in elderly communities in China has been reported. A questionnaire survey was conducted among the residents over 60 years old in a community in Shanghai, China from May 1, 2011 to November 30, 2011. The prevalence of cutaneous tumors and associated factors were analyzed. Among 2038 valid cases, a total of 78 (3.8%, 95% CI 3.0–4.7) skin cancers (SC) were confirmed. According to the final multivariate regression analysis, age, gender and previous occupation were the significantly influential factors for SC. Actinic keratosis (AK) accounted for the largest proportion (63, 3.1%) in SC. The head and neck was the physiological site with the highest incidence of SC (64, 82.1%), and AK was the most common (55, 87.3%) in head and neck SC. The common concomitant diseases of SC were hypertension (26, 33.3%) and diabetes mellitus (9, 11.5%). Seborrheic keratosis (SK) was the most common benign skin tumor with a prevalence of 100%. Men and women developed SK in significantly different parts of the body (P < 0.0001). The incidence of ST in the elderly population in Shanghai community increased with age. ST preferred to occur in the head and neck, which might be attributed to excessive ultraviolet (UV) exposure in these areas. Therefore, early diagnosis and sun-protection education are essential interventions for ST in the elderly.
Assessing the relative impacts and economic costs of Japanese knotweed management methods
Authors: Hocking Sophie , Toop Trisha , Jones Daniel , Graham Ian , Eastwood Daniel
Published: March 2023

Sustainable land management encompasses a range of activity that balance land use requirements with wider conservation and ecosystem impact considerations. Perennial invasive alien plants (IAPs), such as Japanese knotweed, cause severe ecological and socio-economic impacts, and methods to control their spread also come at a cost. Synthetic herbicides are generally viewed as less sustainable and more ecologically damaging than alternative approaches. Here we used a comparative Life Cycle Assessment to evaluate the sustainability of herbicide-based management approaches and physical alternatives, using a large-scale Japanese knotweed field study as a model IAP system. Glyphosate-based methods elicited the lowest environmental impacts and economic costs during production. Geomembrane covering and integrated physiochemical methods were the costliest and imposed the greatest impacts. We discuss the costs and benefits of chemical and physical approaches for the sustainable management of invaded land and question how sustainable environmental stewardship is defined for the control of IAPs.
Automatic detection of punctate white matter lesions in infants using deep learning of composite images from two cases
Authors: Sun Xuyang , Niwa Tetsu , Okazaki Takashi , Kameda Sadanori , Shibukawa Shuhei , Horie Tomohiko , Kazama Toshiki , Uchiyama Atsushi , Hashimoto Jun
Published: March 2023

Punctate white matter lesions (PWMLs) in infants may be related to neurodevelopmental outcomes based on the location or number of lesions. This study aimed to assess the automatic detectability of PWMLs in infants on deep learning using composite images created from several cases. To create the initial composite images, magnetic resonance (MR) images of two infants with the most PWMLs were used; their PWMLs were extracted and pasted onto MR images of infants without abnormality, creating many composite PWML images. Deep learning models based on a convolutional neural network, You Only Look Once v3 (YOLOv3), were constructed using the training set of 600, 1200, 2400, and 3600 composite images. As a result, a threshold of detection probability of 20% and 30% for all deep learning model sets yielded a relatively high sensitivity for automatic PWML detection (0.908–0.957). Although relatively high false-positive detections occurred with the lower threshold of detection probability, primarily, in the partial volume of the cerebral cortex (≥ 85.8%), those can be easily distinguished from the white matter lesions. Relatively highly sensitive automatic detection of PWMLs was achieved by creating composite images from two cases using deep learning.
Hiat1 as a new transporter involved in ammonia regulation
Authors: Fehsenfeld Sandra , Quijada-Rodriguez Alex R. , Zhouyao Haonan , Durant Andrea C. , Donini Andrew , Sachs Maria , Eck Peter , Weihrauch Dirk
Published: March 2023

The orphan transporter hippocampus-abundant transcript 1 (Hiat1) was first identified in the mammalian brain. Its specific substrate specificity, however, has not been investigated to date. Here, we identified and analyzed Hiat1 in a crustacean, the green crab Carcinus maenas. Our phylogenetic analysis showed that Hiat1 protein is conserved at a considerable level between mammals and this invertebrate (ca. 78% identical and conserved amino acids). Functional expression of Carcinus maenas Hiat1 in Xenopus laevis oocytes demonstrated the capability to transport ammonia (likely NH4+) in a sodium-dependent manner. Furthermore, applying quantitative polymerase chain reaction, our results indicated a physiological role for Carcinus maenas Hiat1 in ammonia homeostasis, as mRNA abundance increased in posterior gills in response to elevated circulating hemolymph ammonia upon exposure to high environmental ammonia. Its ubiquitous mRNA expression pattern also suggests an essential role in general cellular detoxification of ammonia. Overall, our results introduce a new ubiquitously expressed ammonia transporter, consequently demanding revision of our understanding of ammonia handling in key model systems from mammalian kidneys to crustacean and fish gills.
Fuzzy optimal control of multilayer coverage based on radon exhalation dynamics in uranium tailings
Authors: Zhang Meirong , Dai Jianyong
Published: March 2023

Radon exhalation from uranium tailings has seriously affected environmental safety and human health. Many uncertain parameters, such as diffusion coefficient, porosity, percolation rate, material particle size, etc., are related to the diffusion and migration of radon. Moreover, cover materials, cover layers, and cover thickness are the main instruments to control radon exhalation, and the radon reduction effect of single-layer mulching is often inferior to that of the multilayer. Hence, achieving radon control with multilayer coverage under uncertain environment is an urgent problem that must be solved in the area of nuclear safety and radiation environment. In an attempt to address the issue, a dynamic model of radon exhalation with multilayer coverage is constructed using radon percolation-diffusion migration equation, and triangular membership functions inscribe the model parameters; the objective functions of the left and right equations of the model are constructed, and their extreme value intervals are obtained using immunogenetic algorithm. Then, subject to the total cost and thickness of multilayer covering materials, the fuzzy objective and constraint models of radon exhalation are constructed, and the fuzzy aggregation function is reconstructed according to the importance of the fuzzy objective and constraint models, where ultimately, the optimal radon control decision by swarm intelligence algorithm under different possibility levels and importance conditions can be obtained. An example is then used to validate the effectiveness of the radon exhalation model, and to demonstrate that fuzzy optimization provides a database of decision-making schemes regarding multilayer coverage, and guidance for optimal control and flexible construction management.
Kinin B1 and B2 receptors mediate cancer pain associated with both the tumor and oncology therapy using aromatase inhibitors
Authors: Brusco Indiara , Becker Gabriela , Palma Tais Vidal , Pillat Micheli Mainardi , Scussel Rahisa , Steiner Bethina Trevisol , Sampaio Tuane Bazanella , Ardisson-Araújo Daniel Mendes Pereira , de Andrade Cinthia Melazzo , Oliveira Mauro Schneider , Machado-De-Avila Ricardo Andrez , Oliveira Sara Marchesan
Published: March 2023

Pain caused by the tumor or aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is a disabling symptom in breast cancer survivors. Their mechanisms are unclear, but pro-algesic and inflammatory mediators seem to be involved. Kinins are endogenous algogenic mediators associated with various painful conditions via B1 and B2 receptor activation, including chemotherapy-induced pain and breast cancer proliferation. We investigate the involvement of the kinin B1 and B2 receptors in metastatic breast tumor (4T1 breast cancer cells)-caused pain and in aromatase inhibitors (anastrozole or letrozole) therapy-associated pain. A protocol associating the tumor and antineoplastic therapy was also performed. Kinin receptors’ role was investigated via pharmacological antagonism, receptors protein expression, and kinin levels. Mechanical and cold allodynia and muscle strength were evaluated. AIs and breast tumor increased kinin receptors expression, and tumor also increased kinin levels. AIs caused mechanical allodynia and reduced the muscle strength of mice. Kinin B1 (DALBk) and B2 (Icatibant) receptor antagonists attenuated these effects and reduced breast tumor-induced mechanical and cold allodynia. AIs or paclitaxel enhanced breast tumor-induced mechanical hypersensitivity, while DALBk and Icatibant prevented this increase. Antagonists did not interfere with paclitaxel's cytotoxic action in vitro. Thus, kinin B1 or B2 receptors can be a potential target for treating the pain caused by metastatic breast tumor and their antineoplastic therapy.
Improved GNSS integer ambiguity resolution method based on the column oriented Cholesky decomposition
Authors: Jiao Yingxiang , Li Kezhao , Tian Chendong , Zhu Guoku , Yue Zhe , Xu Keke
Published: March 2023

Because the traditional Cholesky decomposition algorithm still has some problems such as computational complexity and scattered structure among matrices when solving the GNSS ambiguity,  it is the key problem to further improve the computational efficiency of the least squares ambiguity reduction correlation process in the carrier phase integer ambiguity solution. But the traditional matrix decomposition calculation is more complex and time-consuming, to improve the efficiency of the matrix decomposition, in this paper, the decomposition process of traditional matrix elements is divided into two steps: multiplication update and column reduction of square root calculation. The column reduction step is used to perform square root calculation and column division calculation, while the update step is used for the update task of multiplication. Based on the above ideas, the existing Cholesky decomposition algorithm is improved, and a column oriented Cholesky (C-Cholesky) algorithm is proposed to further improve the efficiency of matrix decomposition, so as to shorten the calculation time of integer ambiguity reduction correlation. The results show that this method is effective and superior, and can improve the data processing efficiency by about 12.34% on average without changing the integer ambiguity accuracy of the traditional Cholesky algorithm.
Mechanism of ferroptosis in a rat model of premature ovarian insufficiency induced by cisplatin
Authors: Du Rong , Cheng Xi , Ji Jingjing , Lu Yang , Xie Yuanyuan , Wang Weina , Xu Yanhua , Zhang Yuquan
Published: March 2023

Ferroptosis is widely present in fibrosis-related diseases. The basic pathology of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) involves ovarian tissue fibrosis, and there are currently fewer relevant studies addressing the association between ferroptosis and POI. This study aimed to demonstrate that ferroptosis induced by cisplatin (CDDP) caused ovarian tissue fibrosis, leading to POI. Vitamin E (VE), a ferroptosis inhibitor, could repair damaged ovarian function. CDDP was used to establish a rat model of POI, and VE was administered to reverse the reproductive toxicity of CDDP. Ovarian function was assessed by histological section staining, follicle counts, sex hormone levels, as well as fertility assays. The extent of ferroptosis was assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), malondialdehyde (MDA), Perls staining. CCK-8, Ethynyl-2-Deoxyuridine (EdU), and scratch assays were used to determine the effect of CDDP and VE on ovarian granulosa cell (GC) viability. Western blot, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate ferroptosis-related molecular changes. Our results showed that CDDP caused follicle development disorders and ovarian tissue fibrosis, the levels of sex hormones suggested impaired ovarian function, and VE could reverse the reproductive toxicity of CDDP. The results of TEM, MDA and Perls staining suggested that the typical mitochondrial signature of ferroptosis was altered in ovarian GCs from the CDDP group, with significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation and significant iron deposition in ovarian tissue, whereas VE mitigated the extent of ferroptosis. Molecular experiments then confirmed that the ferroptosis-related molecules acetyl CoA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSl4), 15-lipoxygenase-1 (ALOX15), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) were differentially expressed in each group. In summary, our study preliminarily demonstrated that CDDP may promote GCs to undergo ferroptosis, cause follicle development disorders, ovarian tissue fibrosis, and induce POI by regulating the expression of ACSl4, ALOX15, SLC7A11, and GPX4, while VE improved impaired ovarian function.
Primary cilia control cellular patterning of Meibomian glands during morphogenesis but not lipid composition
Authors: Portal Céline , Lin Yvonne , Rastogi Varuni , Peterson Cornelia , Yiu Samuel Chi-Hung , Foster James W. , Wilkerson Amber , Butovich Igor A. , Iomini Carlo
Published: March 2023

Meibomian glands (MGs) are modified sebaceous glands producing the tear film’s lipids. Despite their critical role in maintaining clear vision, the mechanisms underlying MG morphogenesis in development and disease remain obscure. Cilia-mediate signals are critical for the development of skin adnexa, including sebaceous glands. Thus, we investigated the role of cilia in MG morphogenesis during development. Most cells were ciliated during early MG development, followed by cilia disassembly during differentiation. In mature glands, ciliated cells were primarily restricted to the basal layer of the proximal gland central duct. Cilia ablation in keratine14-expressing tissue disrupted the accumulation of proliferative cells at the distal tip but did not affect the overall rate of proliferation or apoptosis. Moreover, impaired cellular patterning during elongation resulted in hypertrophy of mature MGs with increased meibum volume without altering its lipid composition. Thus, cilia signaling networks provide a new platform to design therapeutic treatments for MG dysfunction.
Evolutionary roots of the risk of hip fracture in humans
Authors: Avni Hadas Leah , Shvalb Nir , Pokhojaev Ariel , Francis Samuel , Pelleg-Kallevag Ruth , Roul Victoria , Hublin Jean-Jacques , Rühli Frank , May Hila
Published: March 2023

The transition to bipedal locomotion was a fundamental milestone in human evolution. Consequently, the human skeleton underwent substantial morphological adaptations. These adaptations are responsible for many of today’s common physical impairments, including hip fractures. This study aims to reveal the morphological changes in the proximal femur, which increase the risk of intracapsular hip fractures in present-day populations. Our sample includes chimpanzees, early hominins, early Homo Neanderthals, as well as prehistoric and recent humans. Using Geometric Morphometric methods, we demonstrate differences in the proximal femur shape between hominids and populations that practiced different lifestyles. We show that the proximal femur morphology is a risk factor for intracapsular hip fracture independent of osteoporosis. Changes in the proximal femur, such as the shortening of the femoral neck and an increased anterolateral expansion of the greater trochanter, are associated with an increased risk for intracapsular hip fractures. We conclude that intracapsular hip fractures are a trade-off for efficient bipedal walking in humans, and their risk is exacerbated by reduced physical activity.
Opposite effects of positive and negative symptoms on resting-state brain networks in schizophrenia
Authors: Wang Xinrui , Chang Zhao , Wang Rong
Published: March 2023

Schizophrenia is a severe psychotic disorder characterized by positive and negative symptoms, but their neural bases remain poorly understood. Here, we utilized a nested-spectral partition (NSP) approach to detect hierarchical modules in resting-state brain functional networks in schizophrenia patients and healthy controls, and we studied dynamic transitions of segregation and integration as well as their relationships with clinical symptoms. Schizophrenia brains showed a more stable integrating process and a more variable segregating process, thus maintaining higher segregation, especially in the limbic system. Hallucinations were associated with higher integration in attention systems, and avolition was related to a more variable segregating process in default-mode network (DMN) and control systems. In a machine-learning model, NSP-based features outperformed graph measures at predicting positive and negative symptoms. Multivariate analysis confirmed that positive and negative symptoms had opposite effects on dynamic segregation and integration of brain networks. Gene ontology analysis revealed that the effect of negative symptoms was related to autistic, aggressive and violent behavior; the effect of positive symptoms was associated with hyperammonemia and acidosis; and the interaction effect was correlated with abnormal motor function. Our findings could contribute to the development of more accurate diagnostic criteria for positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.
DIAPH1 mediates progression of atherosclerosis and regulates hepatic lipid metabolism in mice
Authors: Senatus Laura , Egaña-Gorroño Lander , López-Díez Raquel , Bergaya Sonia , Aranda Juan Francisco , Amengual Jaume , Arivazhagan Lakshmi , Manigrasso Michaele B. , Yepuri Gautham , Nimma Ramesh , Mangar Kaamashri N. , Bernadin Rollanda , Zhou Boyan , Gugger Paul F. , Li Huilin , Friedman Richard A. , Theise Neil D. , Shekhtman Alexander , Fisher Edward A. , Ramasamy Ravichandran , Schmidt Ann Marie
Published: March 2023

Atherosclerosis evolves through dysregulated lipid metabolism interwoven with exaggerated inflammation. Previous work implicating the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in atherosclerosis prompted us to explore if Diaphanous 1 (DIAPH1), which binds to the RAGE cytoplasmic domain and is important for RAGE signaling, contributes to these processes. We intercrossed atherosclerosis-prone Ldlr−/− mice with mice devoid of Diaph1 and fed them Western diet for 16 weeks. Compared to male Ldlr−/− mice, male Ldlr−/−Diaph1−/− mice displayed significantly less atherosclerosis, in parallel with lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides. Female Ldlr−/−Diaph1−/− mice displayed significantly less atherosclerosis compared to Ldlr−/− mice and demonstrated lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol, but not plasma triglycerides. Deletion of Diaph1 attenuated expression of genes regulating hepatic lipid metabolism, Acaca, Acacb, Gpat2, Lpin1, Lpin2 and Fasn, without effect on mRNA expression of upstream transcription factors Srebf1, Srebf2 or Mxlipl in male mice. We traced DIAPH1-dependent mechanisms to nuclear translocation of SREBP1 in a manner independent of carbohydrate- or insulin-regulated cues but, at least in part, through the actin cytoskeleton. This work unveils new regulators of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism through DIAPH1.
Soil carbon sequestration benefits of active versus natural restoration vary with initial carbon content and soil layer
Authors: Tian Dashuan , Xiang Yangzhou , Seabloom Eric , Wang Jinsong , Jia Xiaoxu , Li Tingting , Li Zhaolei , Yang Jian , Guo Hongbo , Niu Shuli
Published: March 2023

Reducing terrestrial carbon emissions is a big challenge for human societies. Ecosystem restoration is predominant to reverse land degradation and carbon loss. Though active restoration of croplands is assumed to increase carbon sequestration more than natural regeneration, it still lacks the robust paired comparisons between them. Here we performed a large-scale paired comparison of active versus natural restoration effects on soil carbon sequestration across China. We found that two restoration strategies consistently enhanced soil carbon relative to croplands, however, the benefits of active restoration versus natural regeneration were highly context-dependent. Active restoration only sequestered more carbon in carbon-poor soils but less carbon in carbon-rich soils than natural regeneration. Moreover, active restoration fixed greater carbon in topsoil but less carbon in subsoil. Overall, these findings highlight landscape context-dependent application of active restoration and natural regeneration, further guiding the efficient management of limited resources to maximize the restoration benefits of carbon sequestration.
Cu(0)-RDRP of acrylates using an alkyl iodide initiator
Authors: Parkatzidis Kostas , de Haro Amez Leonardo , Truong Nghia P. , Anastasaki Athina
Published: March 2023

In the vast majority of atom transfer radical polymerizations, alkyl bromides or alkyl chlorides are commonly employed as initiators. Herein, alkyl iodides are demonstrated as ATRP initiators.
Chemical and physical properties of low-molecular-weight poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (LMW-PPO) synthesized by peroxydisulfate and metal/non-metal catalysts
Authors: Lu Yi-Fang , Wu Song-Hai , Wang Cong , Liu Yong , Huang Fu-Gen , Song Bao-Dong , Han Xu
Published: March 2023

Low-molecular-weight poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) can be obtained by peroxydisulfate and Cu(ii)/metal-free catalyst, and high-molecular-weight PPO can be mediated to shorter ones by peroxydisulfate.
Synthesis of tetrazoles catalyzed by a new and recoverable nanocatalyst of cobalt on modified boehmite NPs with 1,3-bis(pyridin-3-ylmethyl)thiourea
Authors: Jabbari Arida , Moradi Parisa , Tahmasbi Bahman
Published: March 2023

A new complex of cobalt was stabilized on boehmite nanoparticles as an efficient and selective nanocatalyst for the synthesis of tetrazoles. This catalyst is stable and it has heterogeneity nature; therefore, it can reused for several runs.
Optical monitoring of the anodic dissolution of zirconium and the agglomeration of potassium hexachlorozirconate during transpassive dissolution in molten LiCl–KCl salt
Authors: Cha Han Lim , Yun Jong-Il
Published: March 2023

We studied the passivation and transpassivation behavior of Zr. Optical monitoring revealed the formation of a white-colored agglomerate during transpassivation.
Carbon dots as a new class of multifunctional nanomaterial in mesenchymal stem cells: opportunities and challenges
Authors: He Qian , Wu Zewen , Zhang Liyun
Published: March 2023

The application of carbon dots in MSC labeling, differentiation and combined therapy is comprehensively summarized. Carbon dots play an important role in the application of MSCs as tracers, inducers of differentiation and nanomedicine.
Comprehensive HPLC fingerprint analysis based on a two-step extraction method for quality evaluation of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt
Authors: Zhou Guanghao , Dai Yingping , Ge Dandan , Yang Jie , Fu Qing , Jin Yu , Liang Xinmiao
Published: March 2023

A two-step extraction method combining supercritical fluid extraction and water ultrasonic extraction was developed, and the quality evaluation of P. frutescens was completed by HPLC fingerprint analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis.
Hierarchical Cu-MOF hollow nanowire modified copper mesh for efficient antibacterial PM filtration
Authors: Li Haiyan , Wang Tao , Ying Yulong , Wang Zhiqi , Pan Lianjun , Wang Sheng
Published: March 2023

The hierarchical Cu-MOF-loaded mesh filter showed excellent filtration efficiencies in a a small-size PM regime.
Efficient removal of norfloxacin from water using batch airlift-electrocoagulation reactor: optimization and mechanisms analysis
Authors: Gu Xuege , Li Junfeng , Feng Xueting , Qu Wenying , Wang Wenhuai , Wang Jiankang
Published: March 2023

A novel airlift reactor combined with electrocoagulation for efficient removal of norfloxacin from water.
Low-cost membrane from polyethylene terephthalate bottle waste for water purification and chromium removal: modification and application
Authors: Ali Badrut Tamam Ibnu , Kusumawati Yuly , Jaafar Juhana , Sulistiono Dety Oktavia , Widiastuti Nurul
Published: March 2023

Separation mechanism for river water purification and chromium ions removal in PET plastic bottle waste membranes modified by LiCl, PEG, and zeolite.
Diastereoselective C-alkylation of aldimines, derived from chiral α-carbon heteroatom-substituted aldehydes, with triethylborane. Application to the synthesis of benzylisoquinolines
Authors: Fuentes-Ríos David , Muñoz Carmen , Díaz Amelia , Sarabia Francisco , López-Romero J. Manuel
Published: March 2023

The one-pot alkylation of aldimines produces alkylated chiral amines with high yields and diastereoisomeric ratios. Stereocontrol is induced by the presence of a heteroatom (X) in the α-position to the starting aldehyde.
Correction: New silicon substituted BiMeVOx: synthesis and study of structural properties in relation to ionic conductivity
Authors: Agnaou A. , Mhaira W. , Essalim R. , Zamama M. , Mauvy F. , Alga M. , Ammar A.
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘New silicon substituted BiMeVOx: synthesis and study of structural properties in relation to ionic conductivity’ by A. Agnaou et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 8015–8024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ra00485f.
Development of a fully automated continuous, integrated production system for all reaction processes of ibuprofen
Authors: Itoh Akichika , Tanemura Tomoka , Tada Norihiro , Yamaguchi Eiji
Published: March 2023

We developed a continuous, integrated production system for all reaction processes targeting ibuprofen.
Bioinspired nucleobase-containing polyelectrolytes as robust and tunable adhesives by balancing the adhesive and cohesive properties
Authors: Dong Zhi , Wu Jiang , Shen Xinyi , Hua Zan , Liu Guangming
Published: March 2023

Bioinspired nucleobase-containing polyelectrolytes are harnessed as robust adhesives by balancing the interfacial adhesion and intermolecular cohesion through counterion exchange.
Recyclable ferroferric oxide@titanium dioxide@molybdenum disulfide with enhanced enzyme-like activity under visible light for effectively inhibiting the growth of drug-resistant bacteria in sewage
Authors: Sun Yiping , Yue Wenhui , Niu Bin , Lin Yu , Liu Xiangyong , Wu Tianming , Zhang Gong , Qu Ke , Wang Lu , Niu Yusheng
Published: March 2023

Fe3O4@TiO2@MoS2with POD-like properties, photocatalytic activity, and paramagnetic properties were prepared. Fe3O4@TiO2@MoS2has a good synergistic antibacterial effect against both ESBL-producingEscherichia coliand MRSA and can be reused.
Rare earth halide double perovskites for high-performance resistive random access memory
Authors: Tong Tong , Liu Chang , Xu Jing , Min Huihua , Chen Su , Lyu Yinong , Lyu Chongguang
Published: March 2023

We report the resistive memory devices based on rare earth halide double perovskite Cs2AgEuBr6 films which demonstrate a typical random-access memory (ReRAM) behavior with high ON/OFF ratio and long retention time.
Screen printing of stretchable silver nanomaterial inks for a stable human–machine interface
Authors: Liu Yixuan , Hao Jianxiong , Zheng Xinran , Shi Chaoyang , Yang Hui
Published: March 2023

This paper proposes a strategy for the large-scale preparation of stretchable silver inks, which can be applied to fabricate a conformal on-skin electrode arrayviascreen printing for a stable human–machine interface.
MMDA: Multi‐person marginal distribution awareness for monocular 3D pose estimation
Authors: Liu Sheng , Shuai Jianghai , Li Yang , Du Sidan
Published: March 2023

Most existing 3D pose representations cannot completely decouple the overlapping two or more human joints of the same type. In this paper, the authors propose a novel 2.5 D representation of the human pose by projecting human joints in 3D space onto the three orthogonal planes. The authors apply for the first time the permutation module to a multi‐person 3D human pose estimation task and use Geometric Constraints Loss (GCL) to guide the learning of the model. The authors overcome the negative effects of the inductive bias of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by aligning the intermediate feature space with the output feature space. The effectiveness of the authors’ approach is validated on the carnegie mellon university (CMU) panoptic dataset and MuPoTS‐3D dataset. The authors’ proposed representations can effectively decouple the human joints in their selected data from overlapping human joints.
Étude du renforcement par géosynthétiques de plateformes granulaires sur des sols de faible portance
Authors: Khouiery Nicole , Briancon Laurent , Daouadji Ali , Riot Mathilde
Published: March 2023

Les géosynthétiques sont utilisés depuis de nombreuses années pour renforcer des plateformes granulaires reposant sur des sols de faible portance dans des applications de routes non revêtues. La complexité des mécanismes mis en jeu dans la plateforme renforcée soumise à des sollicitations de circulation et la diversité des produits de renforcement proposés, nécessitent de nouvelles études pour mieux appréhender leur comportement et proposer des méthodes de dimensionnement. Une nouvelle étude a été engagée dans le cadre du LabCom PITAGOR au sein du laboratoire GEOMAS de l’INSA de Lyon. Un essai a été développé et consiste à tester, au laboratoire, les plateformes routières non revêtues renforcées ou non par géosynthétique à grande échelle. Un protocole de mise en place des couches de sol a été élaboré pour obtenir le même état initial avant réalisation de chaque essai. La plateforme préparée est soumise à deux types de chargement : (i) un chargement cyclique sur plaque et (ii) un chargement cyclique de circulation en utilisant le SAT (Simulateur Accélérateur de Traffic), développé spécialement dans le cadre de ce projet. Les premiers essais réalisés ont permis de valider l’efficacité des géosynthétiques testés – de montrer qu’à partir d’une certaine épaisseur de plateforme l’influence du géosynthétique placé à l’interface devenait négligeable –, d’évaluer l’influence du type de sollicitations sur l’endommagement de la plateforme, et de mieux comprendre les mécanismes mis en jeu selon la nature du géosynthétique employé.
RRVPE: A Robust and Real-Time Visual-Inertial-GNSS Pose Estimator for Aerial Robot Navigation
Authors: ZHANG Chi , YANG Zhong , XU Hao , LIAO Luwei , ZHU Tang , LI Guotao , YANG Xin , ZHANG Qiuyan
Published: March 2023

Self-localization and orientation estimation are the essential capabilities for mobile robot navigation. In this article, a robust and real-time visual-inertial-GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) tightly coupled pose estimation (RRVPE) method for aerial robot navigation is presented. The aerial robot carries a front-facing stereo camera for self-localization and an RGB-D camera to generate 3D voxel map. Ulteriorly, a GNSS receiver is used to continuously provide pseudorange, Doppler frequency shift and universal time coordinated (UTC) pulse signals to the pose estimator. The proposed system leverages the Kanade Lucas algorithm to track Shi-Tomasi features in each video frame, and the local factor graph solution process is bounded in a circumscribed container, which can immensely abandon the computational complexity in nonlinear optimization procedure. The proposed robot pose estimator can achieve camera-rate (30 Hz) performance on the aerial robot companion computer. We thoroughly experimented the RRVPE system in both simulated and practical circumstances, and the results demonstrate dramatic advantages over the state-of-the-art robot pose estimators.
Adversarial Example Generation Method Based on Sensitive Features
Authors: WEN Zerui , SHEN Zhidong , SUN Hui , QI Baiwen
Published: March 2023

As deep learning models have made remarkable strides in numerous fields, a variety of adversarial attack methods have emerged to interfere with deep learning models. Adversarial examples apply a minute perturbation to the original image, which is inconceivable to the human but produces a massive error in the deep learning model. Existing attack methods have achieved good results when the network structure is known. However, in the case of unknown network structures, the effectiveness of the attacks still needs to be improved. Therefore, transfer-based attacks are now very popular because of their convenience and practicality, allowing adversarial samples generated on known models to be used in attacks on unknown models. In this paper, we extract sensitive features by Grad-CAM and propose two single-step attacks methods and a multi-step attack method to corrupt sensitive features. In two single-step attacks, one corrupts the features extracted from a single model and the other corrupts the features extracted from multiple models. In multi-step attack, our method improves the existing attack method, thus enhancing the adversarial sample transferability to achieve better results on unknown models. Our method is also validated on CIFAR-10 and MINST, and achieves a 1%-3% improvement in transferability.
Warnsignale richtig deuten – Therapie bei muskuloskelettalen Schmerzen
Authors: Sanning Nico
Published: March 2023

Rückenschmerzen sind in der Bevölkerung ein weit verbreitetes Problem. Die Lösungen dafür können ganz unterschiedlich aussehen. Lange wurde die richtige Hebetechnik als ausschlaggebender Faktor angesehen. Um Klient*innen trotz Schmerzen Teilhabe zu ermöglichen, gibt es aber bessere Ansätze: zum Beispiel die Schmerzedukation und die Expositionstherapie.
Neues Manual – Assessment: COSA 2.2
Authors: Hugenbruch Samyra , Maier Christian
Published: March 2023

Assessments ermöglichen es, die Betätigungsanliegen von Klient*innen zu erfassen. Die gesellschaftliche Entwicklung führt zu veränderten Rollen und Betätigungen. Das erfordert auch einen Wandel der Ergotherapie und eine Anpassung der Assessments. Das COSA durchlief solch einen Anpassungsprozess und verfügt mittlerweile über ein neues Manual.
Schwindelerregende Tests – Befund und Behandlung des HWS-induzierten Schwindels
Authors: Reddig Rasmus
Published: March 2023

Unterschiedliche Störungen an der Halswirbelsäule können zu Schwindel führen. Für die physiotherapeutische Diagnostik des zervikogenen Schwindels eignen sich sieben praktikable Tests. Zwei schließen zunächst den gutartigen Lagerungsschwindel aus, fünf untermauern dann die diagnostische Hypothese. Für die Therapie empfiehlt sich die Kombination aus manualtherapeutischen Techniken und aktivem Training.
Eine stabile Basis schaffen – Konservative Rehabilitation bei rezidivierenden Supinationstraumata
Authors: Kayser Saskia , Sutor Volker
Published: March 2023

Im Schnitt entwickeln über die Hälfte aller Menschen nach einem initialen Distorsionstrauma eine chronische Sprunggelenksinstabilität und sind damit in ihrer Beweglichkeit, Kraft und posturalen Kontrolle eingeschränkt. Eine konservative Rehabilitation sollte sich auf aktive Interventionen und die Beratung zum Einsatz externer Stabilisationshilfen konzentrieren.
Nicht aus jeder Zitrone muss Limonade werden! – Toxische Positivität
Authors: Holtmeier Lisa
Published: March 2023

Aufmunternde Sätze, die erst einmal gut gemeint sind, haben nicht automatisch etwas mit gesunder Kommunikation zu tun. Denn gut gemeint ist nicht gleich gut gemacht. Immer mehr Menschen tappen in die Falle der toxischen Positivität und erreichen genau das Gegenteil von Positivität, Motivation und Gesundheit. Lesen Sie, was toxische Positivität ist und wie Sie vermeiden, toxisch positiv zu sein.
Does Periacetabular Osteotomy Improve Patient-Reported Psychological Outcomes in Patients Suffering from Acetabular Dysplasia?
Authors: Everett Brandon , Xi Yin , Wells Joel
Published: March 2023

The changes in psychologic measures and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing following periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) are not well studied. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by addressing the question: Do patients with acetabular dysplasia have significant improvement in psychological outcome scores after PAO? We reviewed 52 hips (48 patients) treated with PAO for acetabular dysplasia from February 2017 to July 2020 using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale – 21 (DASS21), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), radiographic analysis, and pain location/severity questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and a mixed effects model were used to test the difference in patient-reported outcome measures from before and after surgery with adjustment for age, body mass index, follow-up duration, previous hip surgery, and concurrent surgery while also accounting for clustered data. There was a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative outcome scores for all three measures used in this study (DASS21 p = 3.22E-09; HADS p = 2.82E-10, PCS p = 2.12E-09). These results indicate that patients with acetabular dysplasia might expect significant improvement in symptoms of depression, anxiety, and pain catastrophizing following PAO.