bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMBERIAN HAK GUNA BANGUNAN DI ATAS BAGIAN TANAH HAK PENGELOLAAN
Authors: Kurniawan Triadi
Published: February 2021

The granting of Building Utilization Rights above the Management Rights land in the construction of Metro Mega Mall in Metro Lampung City raises problems, namely the legal consequences that arise in the cooperation agreement made by the Regional Government of Metro City and PT. Nolimax Jaya. The main focus of the research is the legal consequences that arise on the implementation of granting rights to build on land with management rights and the concept and application of appropriate and fair laws in the context of carrying out the transfer of management rights of the Regional Government to third parties by providing Building Use Rights certificates. This research uses non doctrinal method. The results showed that the legal effect that emerged in the granting of HGB over HPL was a temporary transfer of ownership to existing land and buildings which resulted in PT. Nolimax Jaya as a company that wants to make a profit, in addition to harming traders who want to open a business in the area.

 Keywords : Land Management Rights, Building Rights, Agreement.
Study on usefulness of point of care ultrasound for emergency surgeons
Authors: Martínez Casas I , Landaluce Olavarría A , Ugarte Sierra B , Ponchietti L , Nimmesgern T , Jiménez Armenteros FM , Capitán Vallvey JM
Published: February 2021

Introducción: en los últimos años, la ecografía "point of care" (EPC) ha extendido sus aplicaciones. El objetivo del estudio es valorar sus resultados, realizada por cirujanos generales en urgencias para la toma de decisiones.

Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo observacional multicéntrico. Cinco cirujanos realizaron EPC consecutivas a pacientes con sospecha de patología quirúrgica urgente. Sus resultados se compararon con los obtenidos en ecografías/TC realizadas posteriormente por radiólogos y/o con el diagnóstico postquirúrgico definitivo. Para el análisis estadístico se han empleado las pruebas χ2 y t de Student. Se ha calculado la sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos.

Resultados:durante 16 meses se han realizado 228 EPC a pacientes de edad media 44,5±22 años. Categorizadas sindrómicamente: dolor fosa ilíaca derecha (104), izquierda (13), hipocondrio derecho (49), hernias (19), oclusión intestinal (7), tejidos blandos (26) o dolor abdominal postoperatorio (10). El 75% de los pacientes tienen comparación radiológica posterior. En 120 se realizó intervención quirúrgica (30% sin prueba radiológica confirmatoria). El porcentaje de acierto diagnóstico global de la EPC fue del 87% sin diferencias significativas entre centros. Hubo diferencias por síndrome (p=0,018). El porcentaje de coincidencia de EPC y la exploración radiológica fue del 82%. El acierto diagnóstico en los pacientes intervenidos sin exploración radiológica confirmatoria fue del 85%. La EPC realizada por cirujanos mostró una sensibilidad de 90%, especificidad 91%, VP+ 95% y VP- 84%. para la indicación de patología quirúrgica.

Conclusiones:la EPC realizada por cirujanos para la indicación quirúrgica ofrece unos resultados comparables al estándar radiológico.
Acute postoperative pancreatitis in colon surgery: two cases report in our hospital.
Authors: Grasa González F , Palomo Torrero D , López Zurera M , Antúnez Martos S , Serratosa Gutiérrez F , Pradas Caravaca M
Published: February 2021

El abdomen abierto postoperatorio (AAP) agudo es una entidad clínica multifactorial, que conlleva un manejo diagnóstico y terapéutico complejos. Ni el desarrollo tecnológico en relación con materiales de sutura, vía de abordaje quirúrgico, mejora en los cuidados perioperatorios, como tampoco los modelos predictivos de AAP, han conseguido reducir sustancialmente la aparición del AAP agudo no planificado, por lo que el papel del cirujano como parte fundamental del proceso diagnóstico-terapéutico resulta imprescindible.

No existe evidencia de alta calidad disponible sobre la técnica ideal de cierre abdominal, si bien parece que cuando se utiliza una sutura de absorción lenta y una sutura continua con la regla del 4:1 se reduce significativamente la tasa de AAP. El empleo de técnicas y materiales más complejos como técnicas de separación de componentes , incisiones de descarga o suturas de retención, sistemas dinámicos de cierre o colocación de mallas, deben individualizarse y plantearse en función de la situación basal del paciente y del tipo de AAP al que nos enfrentemos.
Pelvic abscess as a rare presentation of a pseudomyxoma extrapritonei
Authors: Gutiérrez Delgado MP , González Poveda I , Ruiz López M , Mera Velasco S , Santoyo Santoyo J
Published: February 2021

Introducción: el pseudomixoma retroperitoneal es una entidad infrecuente, cuya etiología habitual es secundaria a crecimiento de implantes mucinosos procedentes del apéndice cecal a nivel retroperitoneal, sin implicación intraperitoneal en el momento del ingreso.

Caso clínico: varón de 51 años parapléjico secundario a accidente de tráfico en la adolescencia que precisó múltiples intervenciones, incluyendo amputación abdominoperineal (AAP) con plastia perineal de músculo gracilis. Más de veinte años después ingresos frecuentes por abscesos pélvicos de repetición. Ingresa en esta ocasión por síndrome febril asociado a tumoración perineal, realizándose TC pélvico que objetiva lesión quística de 12 cm en localización presacra. Tras fracasar el tratamiento conservador (antibioterapia y drenaje percutáneo) se realiza exploración bajo anestesia general con drenaje parcial por vía perineal y toma de biopsia, evidenciando un adenocarcinoma mucinoso (pseudomixoma extraperitoneal). En la RMN de estadificación se objetiva infiltración de vejiga vs. próstata, realizándose cirugía de exéresis en bloque de la tumoración mediante abordaje abdominal y perineal.

Discusión: existe poca evidencia científica sobre pseudomixomas extraperitoneales y la mayoría son secundarios a la ruptura de mucoceles apendiculares en tejidos extraperitoneales. En nuestro caso, la forma de presentación de esta patología es algo inusual y creemos que está relacionada con la persistencia de tejido mucoso no resecado de la amputación abdominoperineal previa.
Current status of stenting as a bridge to elective surgery for malignant left-sided colonic obstruction
Authors: Cabrera Serna I , González Sánchez AJ , Titos García A , González Cano J , Aranda Narváez JM , Romacho López L , Pitarch Martínez M , Neuhaus Nevado M , Santoyo Santoyo J
Published: February 2021

Introducción: la oclusión cólica izquierda maligna se ha manejado con cirugía urgente. Las prótesis surgen para minimizar la agresión y posponer la intervención, realizándose en condiciones favorables. Esto no está exento de riesgos, siendo el más debatido la influencia negativa en el proceso oncológico.

Resultados quirúrgicos del stent: permite resolver la obstrucción, posibilitando un procedimiento electivo. Al compararlo con la cirugía urgente, no se muestran diferencias en la morbimortalidad ni la estancia hospitalaria; sí un incremento en el abordaje laparoscópico diferido y una reducción de estomas, mejorando la calidad de vida.

Impacto sobre resultados oncológicos: la seguridad oncológica de las prótesis motiva preocupación. La evidencia comparándolas con la cirugía directa no halla diferencias en recurrencia, observando resultados contradictorios en supervivencia a los tres años.

Análisis coste-beneficio y de calidad de vida: no existe evidencia de rentabilidad a favor del stent. Minimiza los estomas, mejorando la calidad de vida.

Nuestra experiencia con un protocolo multidisciplinar y una unidad de trauma y cirugía de urgencias: nuestro protocolo mejora los resultados perioperatorios y ofrece garantías oncológicas.

Conclusiones: el stent permite una cirugía electiva, facilita el abordaje laparoscópico, realizar anastomosis primarias, reduce la necesidad de estomas (mejorando la calidad de vida) y la morbimortalidad asociadas a la cirugía urgente. Los resultados oncológicos parecen comparables, pero no existe suficiente evidencia. Por tanto, el stent no puede considerarse el tratamiento de elección en la obstrucción cólica izquierda maligna curable, aunque debe representar una opción en casos seleccionados y en hospitales de referencia y alta capacitación.
Current status of vascular resections in the pancreatic cancer surgery
Authors: Nogales Muñoz ÁL , Sánchez Matamoros Martín I , Oliva Mompeán F , Bellido Luque JA
Published: February 2021

El cáncer de páncreas (CP) es la cuarta causa de muerte por cáncer en el mundo occidental. La única opción de supervivencia a largo plazo es la resección quirúrgica radical seguida por quimioterapia adyuvante, la cual puede ser realizada en alrededor del 20% de los pacientes en el momento del diagnóstico. El interés en una cirugía radical para lograr una resección completa R0 y mejorar la supervivencia a largo plazo en pacientes sometidos a pancreatectomía por adenocarcinoma ductal ha sido renovado. Esta cirugía incluye resecciones arteriales y venosas sincrónicas en combinación con estrategias de tratamiento neoadyuvante. La evidencia de que estas cirugías mejoran la supervivencia a largo tiempo es pobre excepto tal vez para la resección venosa sincrónica.
Anti-crisis management – the basis of ensuring the economic security of the enterprise
Authors: KOSTAKOVA Lina , TESLENKO Oleh
Published: February 2021

In the course of the research it was established that under the conditions of modern development of economic relations in Ukraine a significant share of enterprises is in a state of crisis. It is established that crisis processes are predictable and expected and it is necessary to be ready for crisis situations. It was found that the neutralization of crisis phenomena, forecasting and prevention of insolvency of economic entities, as well as the stabilization of their financial and economic activities are possible under the conditions of effective anti-crisis management. Based on the systematization of the authors' interpretations on the definition of crisis management and economic security of the enterprise, it was found that crisis management is the basis for ensuring the appropriate level of economic security of the enterprise. The role of anti-crisis management functions is determined and their division into universal and specific, the action of which is aimed at maintaining the economic security of the enterprise in its various aspects. It is proved that the creation of an effective system of crisis management of the enterprise is a fundamental system, through which you can not only determine the location of the crisis, but also its causes. The essence of the main tasks of anti-crisis management of the enterprise is revealed, the implementation of which will help to identify crisis situations at the enterprise and minimize their negative consequences. The characteristic of principles of anti-crisis management of the enterprise is given. The process of anti-crisis management of the enterprise, which ensures its economic security in terms of the financial component, is studied. It is substantiated that the creation of an effective anti-crisis program is a guideline in ensuring the economic security of the enterprise.
Establishing relationships with a foreign cooperative partner in the context of the implementation of the international cooperation method
Authors: ZALISKA Liubov , HANAS Liubov
Published: February 2021

Introduction. One of the most important stages of the company's participation in international cooperation is undoubtedly the search and selection of a cooperating partner and establishing relationships with him. This plays a key role in achieving the goals and desired results of companies' participation in international cooperation and requires detailed study, systematization and graphical representation.
The purpose of the paper is to improve the participation of enterprises in international cooperation by developing a sequence of establishing relationships with foreign cooperating partners in the context of using a certain method of international cooperation.
Results. As participation in international industrial cooperation involves long-term partnership and pooling of resources to achieve common goals, the effectiveness of international cooperation depends directly on the cooperating partner. The process of finding and selecting a cooperating partner, establishing relationships with him is long-term and multi-stage, so it requires a clear definition of its components, their sequence and consistency. Thus, one of the necessary conditions for an enterprise to participate effectively in international cooperation is to develop a clear sequence of establishing relationships with a foreign cooperating partner, which consists of seven stages. The result of the successful completion of each of the stages of the proposed sequence of networking is the signing of an agreement with a foreign cooperating partner on the use of a certain method of international cooperation. If at a certain stage the actual results don`t coincide with the planned ones, it is possible to return to the problem areas and make certain adjustments in order to eliminate the shortcomings.
Conclusion. Against the background of globalization and integration processes, the role of international cooperation as one of the effective ways to improve the competitiveness of both individual enterprises and the country's economy as a whole is constantly growing. However, the effectiveness of participation in international cooperation depends not only on the company itself, but also on the chosen cooperating partner. The proposed sequence of establishing relationships with a foreign cooperating partner in the context of the implementation of the method of international cooperation is a practically significant and universal tool that companies can adapt to their own goals and peculiarities and repeatedly apply in the future to choose a cooperating partner.
Domosdoshmëria e Riintegrimit: Fëmijët e Kthyer në Ballkanin Perëndimor
Authors: Shtuni Adrian
Published: February 2021

Që prej vitit 2012, 1070 shtetas nga vendet e Ballkanit Perëndimor kanë udhëtuar për të jetuar dhe luftuar në territoret e kontrolluara nga organizatat terroriste në Siri dhe Irak. Rreth 200 syresh kanë qenë të mitur në kohën e nisjes. Me kalimin e viteve, në arenën e konfliktit në Siri dhe Irak, kanë lindur një numër edhe më i madh fëmijësh të shtetasve të Ballkanit Perëndimor. Në fund të vitit 2019, rreth 485 individë ishin kthyer në shtëpi, duke e bërë Ballkanin Perëndimor rajonin me përqendrimin më të lartë të të kthyerve nga Siria dhe Iraku në Evropë. Qindra të tjerë, kryesisht të mitur, mbeten të bllokuar në Siri në kushte të rrezikshme, me perspektiva të pasigurta riatdhesimi. Shumë shtete po hasin vështirësi në vendimmarrjen e tyre lidhur me trajtimin e shtetasve që kanë udhëtuar për të jetuar dhe luftuar në të ashtuquajturin "kalifat" të Shtetit Islamik (IS). Megjithatë, përvoja dhe të kuptuarit e faktorëve që lehtësojnë angazhimin efektiv me të kthyerit nga Siria, e veçanërisht me fëmijët e kthyer, është ende në fazat e hershme. Kjo Notë Politike ofron rekomandime mbi qasjet alternative ndaj rehabilitimit dhe riintegrimit (R&R) të fëmijëve të kthyer në Ballkanin Perëndimor, duke ndërthurur praktikat e mira të kohëve të fundit me parimet orientuese të konventave, traktateve dhe protokolleve që fokusohen te të drejtat e fëmijëve.
Faktor Eksternal Yang Berhubungan Dengan Minat Ibu Melakukan Kunjungan Ke Posyandu
Authors: Widiyanto Juli , Zebua Supryati
Published: February 2021

Posyandu is useful for empowering the community and providing easy access to basic health services. The purpose of this study was to determine external factors related to maternal interest in visiting posyandu (a study in the village of Labuh Baru timur). This type of research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study approach design, namely data collection and results are carried out at one time, the data collection technique is carried out using stratified random sampling where the sample of this study is some of the mothers who have children under five in the village area. Labuh Baru Timur. The instruments used in data collection were questionnaires and analysis used univariate and bivariate with the help of the SPSS Version 16.0 program. The results of research conducted by researchers from March to April 2020 with the title of external factors related to maternal interest in visiting posyandu show that there is no relationship between distance to posyandu, family support, and posyandu service services with maternal interest in visiting posyandu which is proven by p-value> 0.05, which is arranged in sequence 0.931 and OR 1, 046; 0.945 and OR 0.959; 0.768 and OR 0.842. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is no relationship between distance to posyandu, family support, and posyandu services with mothers' interest in visiting posyandu. It is hoped that mothers in East Labuh Baru Village can further increase visits to posyandu in order to improve the health and development of toddlers.
SAGA OF MIGRANT WORKERS IN INDIA: MEASURES TO STRENGTHEN SOCIAL SECURITY
Authors: Pillai Deepa , Dam Leena
Published: February 2021

COVID 19 pandemic has thrown up bitter colors when India witnessed the large scale gory sage of reverse internal migration of unorganized workforce. As compared to intercontinental migration the degree of internal migration is twice. Displacement, lockdowns, loss of employment, starvation and social distancing provoked a frenzied course of mass return for internal migrants in India and other parts of the world. In India there is a peculiar trend of unorganized workforce migration. Out of 29 states and 7 union territories, few states dominate where migrants flock for seeking livelihood. The fleeing of migrants to their inherent origin has weakened the economic activities towards slowdown in the economic growth. This thematic review paper discusses the problems of the internal migrants and their state during and post lockdown announcements in India. The data included extracts of articles, opinions and reviews
for which codes were recognized which lead to formulation of research themes. The review also highlights government interventions in addressing the challenges confronted by the internal migrants with social security. This study proposes an arrangement as migrant exchange at state level for efficient policy formulation and accomplishment of social security standards.
Arsenic Mobilization Process in Shallow Aquifer of Bengal Delta Plain: A Field Scale Study to Identify the Role of Coliform Bacteria
Authors: Ghosh P , Das A , Majunder M , Mukherjee SK , Chatterjee D
Published: February 2021

In Bengal Delta Plain (BDP), shallow aquifer (<50 m) is often contaminated with Arsenic (As). The phenomenon is wide spread in nature thought the BDP notable in Nadia district of west Bengal. The present study highlights a primary screening of As, Fe, MPN and FC in monitored shallow wells. The study designed for two different sites (site-A, High As and site-B Low As area). The water quality monitoring results suggest that high As concentration (Range- 103-171 μgL-1) has been noticed in site A when compared with site B (range-53-99 μgL-1). In sites A, the Fe concentration is high and low in site B. The correlation study (r2) between arsenic and iron are also determined. The value of r2is 0.94 for site A and 0.73 for site B. The water quality results suggest that the nature of the monitor aquifer is anoxic in nature with low Eh, DO absent and low NO3- and SO4+. Major anion is HCO3- (376 mgL-1) followed by Cl- (28 mgL-1). However chloride concentration is largely varying in the monitored tube well. Microbial study (MPN & FC count) also indicates some relationship among MPN (r2-0.32) and Fe (r2 -0.24). However the relationship is scatter when As concentration is low. The linear trended has also obtained when both As, MPN and FC are high. The physical observation of plate count (Color reaction in Chromo colt Agar) has also been observed. This is a clear indicator of fecal coli form contamination. The study indicates that the microbial mobilization of As is the key factor for enrichment of As in ground water. The possible sources of the microbes are local land-use pattern (notable pit-latrine). Finally, the study highlights the role of coli forms bacteria (Both facultative and non-facultative) are wide spread in shallow rural aquifer of Bengal. Thus microbial process possibly enriches arsenic in shallow ground water.
Investigation of the Mass Attenuation Coefficients, Effective Atomic Numbers and Electron Densities for Compounds of Painkiller
Authors: Saniye T
Published: February 2021

In this study the effects of gamma radiations with compounds are an important subject in the field of medicine, radiation shielding and radiation physics. With technological advances the using of radiation has increased in the medicine in the last century. The mass absorpsion coefficient (µ/ρ) is the fundamental a quantity characterizing gamma ray and is of major importance in radiation shielding. In this study, the mass absorption coefficient of painkillers named Ketoprofen, Flurbiprofen, Etodolac, Ibuprofen, Meloxicam, Diclofenac and Aspirin were calculated at energy range from 4.65 keV to 59.543 keV using the WinXCom data programme. In addition total atomic (σta), moleculer (σtm), electronic cross-section (σte), effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff) were calculated.
TD 2610 - Distribuição de Renda nos Anos 2010: Uma Década Perdida para Desigualdade e Pobreza
Authors: Barbosa Rogério J. , Souza Pedro H. G. Ferreira de , Soares Sergei S. D.
Published: February 2021

Usamos, neste trabalho, dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua (PNAD Contínua) do período 2012 a 2018 para documentar como a recessão econômica de meados da década reverteu o processo de melhoria da distribuição de renda que vinha se desenrolando desde a virada do século. Desde então, a desigualdade e pobreza aumentaram, e o bem-estar agregado caiu. A renda média aumentou de 2017 a 2018, mas ainda se encontrava abaixo do nível de 2014. Mais de 80% do crescimento observado entre 2015 e 2018 ficou nas mãos dos mais ricos. De modo geral, os retrocessos trouxeram os indicadores de volta para níveis iguais ou piores aos observados no começo da década. Investigamos, por meio de análises de decomposição, as razões por trás dessa trajetória. O mercado de trabalho, que fora o motor do círculo virtuoso anterior, transformou-se no grande vilão com a crise, respondendo por 30% da piora do Gini entre 2015 e 2018. As transferências governamentais contribuíram fortemente, por ação ou inação, para a prevalência dos resultados negativos. A assistência social e o seguro-desemprego não tiveram qualquer papel substantivo para amenizar os resultados distributivos negativos do período. Já a Previdência Social contribuiu para o aumento da desigualdade, mediante um aumento nas aposentadorias daqueles no topo da distribuição. Por fim, mostramos, neste estudo, que, nos últimos anos, o comportamento das taxas de pobreza foi muito mais sensível a variações na desigualdade do que na renda média. Se não houvesse piora na desigualdade, o Brasil teria continuado avançando no combate à pobreza tanto entre 2015 e 2018 quanto no período mais longo, entre 2012 e 2018.
TD 2623 - Os Impactos das Transferências Intergovernamentais nos Incentivos Orçamentários dos Municípios Brasileiros
Authors: Alves Pedro Jorge Holanda , Araujo Jevuks Matheus
Published: February 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o impacto da descentralização fiscal no comportamento dos decisores de políticas municipais do Brasil. O trabalho utiliza os três primeiros cutoffs das regras de transferências do Fundo de Participação dos Municípios (FPM) e aplica um modelo de regressão descontínua (RDD) para captar os efeitos dessas transferências no orçamento municipal de 2013 a 2016. A hipótese comportamental é que os ganhos de transferências podem gerar: i) incentivos perversos, se os ganhos se destinarem aos gastos com pessoal e administrativo ou diminuírem as receitas próprias; ou ii) incentivos benéficos, se os ganhos forem aplicados aos gastos com educação ou saúde. Os resultados encontrados para as estimativas do modelo de painel de dados indicam que o acréscimo de receita exógeno gera aumento significativo do gasto apenas na função administrativa e na relacionada ao desporto e lazer e que o possível canal para esse aumento de gastos deve ser destinado ao aumento de número de empregados com cargo comissionado. Esses resultados indicam que as transferências geram apenas incentivos perversos.
The Subelliptic Heat Kernel of the Octonionic Anti-De Sitter Fibration
Authors:   University of Connecticut, USA, Baudoin Fabrice , Cho Gunhee ,   University of Connecticut, USA
Published: February 2021

In this note, we study the sub-Laplacian of the 15-dimensional octonionic anti-de Sitter space which is obtained by lifting with respect to the anti-de Sitter fibration the Laplacian of the octonionic hyperbolic space OH1. We also obtain two integral representations for the corresponding subelliptic heat kernel.
ERRATUM: INDONESIAN PEER TO PEER LENDING (P2P) AT ENTRANT’S DISRUPTIVE TRAJECTORY
Authors: Kohardinata Cliff , Soewarno Noorlailie , Tjahjadi Bambang
Published: February 2021

The article “Indonesian Peer to Peer Lending (P2P) at entrant’s disruptive trajectory”
by Cliff Kohardinata, Noorlailie Soewarno, Bambang Tjahjadi, published on 17 February 2020 in the research journal
Business: Theory and Practice, 21(1), 104−114, https://doi.org/10.3846/btp.2020.11171, contained a following error on 104 p.:
The affiliations were mixed. They should read:
Cliff KOHARDINATA 1, Noorlailie SOEWARNO 2, Bambang TJAHJADI 3
1, 2, 3 Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
1 Faculty of Management and Business, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya, Indonesia
Corrected version of the article is available online.
The publisher apologises for this error.
ANALYSIS OF STOCHASTIC PROCESS TO MODEL SAFETY RISK IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Authors: Zhang Zhenhao , Li Wenbiao , Yang Jianyu
Published: February 2021

There are many factors leading to construction safety accident. The rule presented under the influence of these factors should be a statistical random rule. To reveal those random rules and study the probability prediction method of construction safety accident, according to stochastic process theory, general stochastic process, Markov process and normal process are respectively used to simulate the risk-accident process in this paper. First, in the general-random-process-based analysis the probability of accidents in a period of time is calculated. Then, the Markov property of the construction safety risk evolution process is illustrated, and the analytical expression of probability density function of first-passage time of Markov-based risk-accident process is derived to calculate the construction safety probability. In the normal-process-based analysis, the construction safety probability formulas in cases of stationary normal risk process and non-stationary normal risk process with zero mean value are derived respectively. Finally, the number of accidents that may occur on construction site in a period is studied macroscopically based on Poisson process, and the probability distribution of time interval between adjacent accidents and the time of the nth accident are calculated respectively. The results provide useful reference for the prediction and management of construction accidents.
Spectral Implications of Atomic Uncertainties in Optically Thin Hot Plasmas
Authors: Heuer Keri , Foster Adam R. , Smith Randall
Published: February 2021

Two new high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy missions, XRISM and Athena, will observe deeper and with higher X-ray resolution than ever before possible. Interpreting these new X-ray spectra will require understanding the impact that uncertainties on fundamental atomic quantities such as collisional cross sections, transition rates, and wavelengths have on spectral models. As millions of values are required to generate even a simple model of an optically thin hot plasma, most such rates exist only as theoretical calculations. We have developed methods to estimate the uncertainty in the final spectral calculations based on published experimental data and plausible approximations to the uncertainties in the underlying atomic data. We present an extension to the pyatomdb code which implements these methods and investigate the sensitivity of selected strong diagnostic lines in the X-ray bandpass (0.3–12 keV).
A Tidally Induced Global Corrugation Pattern in an External Disk Galaxy Similar to the Milky Way
Authors: Gómez Facundo A. , Torres-Flores Sergio , Mora-Urrejola Catalina , Monachesi Antonela , White Simon D. M. , Maffione Nicolas P. , Grand Robert J. J. , Marinacci Federico , Pakmor Rüdiger , Springel Volker , Frenk Carlos S. , Amram Philippe , Epinat Benoît , de Oliveira Claudia Mendes
Published: February 2021

We study the two-dimensional (2D) line-of-sight velocity (V
los) field of the low-inclination, late-type galaxy VV304a. The resulting 2D kinematic map reveals a global, coherent, and extended perturbation that is likely associated with a recent interaction with the massive companion VV304b. We use multiband imaging and a suite of test-particle simulations to quantify the plausible strength of in-plane flows due to nonaxisymmetric perturbations and show that the observed velocity flows are much too large to be driven either by a spiral structure or by a bar. We use fully cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to characterize the contribution from in- and off-plane velocity flows to the V
los field of recently interacting galaxy pairs like the VV304 system. We show that, for recently perturbed low-inclination galactic disks, the structure of the residual velocity field, after subtraction of an axisymmetric rotation model, can be dominated by vertical flows. Our results indicate that the V
los perturbations in VV304a are consistent with a corrugation pattern. Its V
los map suggests the presence of a structure similar to the Monoceros ring seen in the Milky Way. Our study highlights the possibility of addressing important questions regarding the nature and origin of vertical perturbations by measuring the line-of-sight velocities in low-inclination nearby galaxies.
Alignment and Rotational Disruption of Dust
Authors: Lazarian A. , Hoang Thiem
Published: February 2021

We reveal a deep connection between alignment of dust grains by radiative torques (RATs) and mechanical torques (METs) and the rotational disruption of grains introduced by Hoang et al. The disruption of grains happens if they have attractor points corresponding to high angular momentum (high J). We introduce fast disruption for grains that are directly driven to the high-J attractor on a timescale of spin-up, and slow disruption for grains that are first moved to the low-J attractor and gradually transported to the high-J attractor by gas collisions. The enhancement of grain magnetic susceptibility by iron inclusions expands the parameter space for high-J attractors and increases the percentage of grains experiencing the disruption. The increase in the magnitude of RATs or METs can increase the efficiency of fast disruption but, counterintuitively, decreases the effect of slow disruption by forcing grains toward low-J attractors, whereas the increase in gas density accelerates disruption by transporting grains faster to the high-J attractor. We also show that the disruption induced by RATs and METs depends on the angle between the magnetic field and the anisotropic flow. We find that pinwheel torques can increase the efficiency of fast disruption but may decrease the efficiency of slow disruption by delaying the transport of grains from the low-J to high-J attractors via gas collisions. The selective nature of the rotational disruption opens a possibility of observational testing of grain composition and physical processes of grain alignment.
Understanding the Velocity Distribution of the Galactic Bulge with APOGEE and Gaia
Authors: Zhou Yingying , Li Zhao-Yu , Simion Iulia T. , Shen Juntai , Mao Shude , Liu Chao , Jian Mingjie , Fernández-Trincado José G.
Published: February 2021

We revisit the stellar velocity distribution in the Galactic bulge/bar region with Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment DR16 and Gaia DR2, focusing in particular on the possible high-velocity (HV) peaks and their physical origin. We fit the velocity distributions with two different models, namely with Gauss–Hermite polynomials and Gaussian mixture models (GMMs). The result of the fit using Gauss–Hermite polynomials reveals a positive correlation between the mean velocity (

) and the “skewness” (h
3) of the velocity distribution, possibly caused by the Galactic bar. The n = 2 GMM fitting reveals a symmetric longitudinal trend of ∣μ
2∣ and σ
2 (the mean velocity and the standard deviation of the secondary component), which is inconsistent with the x
2 orbital family predictions. Cold secondary peaks could be seen at ∣l∣ ∼ 6°. However, with the additional tangential information from Gaia, we find that the HV stars in the bulge show similar patterns in the radial–tangential velocity distribution (V
R–V
T), regardless of the existence of a distinct cold HV peak. The observed V
R–V
T (or V
GSR–μ

l
) distributions are consistent with the predictions of a simple Milky Way bar model. The chemical abundances and ages inferred from ASPCAP and CANNON suggest that the HV stars in the bulge/bar are generally as old as, if not older than, the other stars in the bulge/bar region.
A Study of Gas Entropy Profiles of 47 Galaxy Clusters and Groups out to the Virial Radius
Authors: Zhu Zhenghao , Xu Haiguang , Hu Dan , Shan Chenxi , Zhu Yongkai , Fan Shida , Zhao Yuanyuan , Gu Liyi , Wu Xiang-Ping
Published: February 2021

Some observations, such as those presented in Walker et al., show that the observed entropy profiles of the intracluster medium (ICM) deviate from the power-law prediction of adiabatic simulations. This implies that nongravitational processes, which are absent in the simulations, may be important in the evolution of the ICM, and by quantifying the deviation, we may be able to estimate the feedback energy in the ICM and use it as a probe of the nongravitational processes. To address this issue, we calculate the ICM entropy profiles in a sample of 47 galaxy clusters and groups, which have been observed out to at least ∼r
500 with Chandra, XMM-Newton, and/or Suzaku, by constructing a physical model to incorporate the effects of both gravity and nongravitational processes to fit the observed gas temperature and surface brightness profiles via Bayesian statistics. After carefully evaluating the effects of systematic errors, we find that the gas entropy profiles derived with best-fit results of our model are consistent with the simulation-predicted power-law profile near the virial radius, while the flattened profiles reported previously can be explained by introducing the gas clumping effect, the existence of which is confirmed in 19 luminous targets in our sample. We calculate the total feedback energy per particle and find that it decreases from ∼10 keV at the center to about zero at ∼0.35r
200 and is consistent with zero outside ∼0.35r
200, implying an upper limit of the feedback efficiency of ∼0.02 for the supermassive black holes hosted in the brightest cluster galaxies.
Synthetic Light Curves of Accretion Variability in T Tauri Stars
Authors: Robinson Connor E. , Espaillat Catherine C. , Owen James E.
Published: February 2021

Photometric observations of accreting, low-mass, pre-main-sequence stars (i.e., Classical T Tauri stars; CTTS) have revealed different categories of variability. Several of these classifications have been linked to changes in

. To test how accretion variability conditions lead to different light-curve morphologies, we used 1D hydrodynamic simulations of accretion along a magnetic field line coupled with radiative transfer models and a simple treatment of rotation to generate synthetic light curves. We adopted previously developed metrics in order to classify observations to facilitate comparisons between observations and our models. We found that stellar mass, magnetic field geometry, corotation radius, inclination, and turbulence all play roles in producing the observed light curves and that no single parameter is entirely dominant in controlling the observed variability. While the periodic behavior of the light curve is most strongly affected by the inclination, it is also a function of the magnetic field geometry and inner disk turbulence. Objects with either pure dipole fields, strong aligned octupole components, or high turbulence in the inner disk all tend to display accretion bursts. Objects with anti-aligned octupole components or aligned, weaker octupole components tend to show light curves with slightly fewer bursts. We did not find clear monotonic trends between the stellar mass and empirical classification. This work establishes the groundwork for more detailed characterization of well-studied targets as more light curves of CTTS become available through missions such as the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
Malaria in an asylum seeker paediatric liver transplant recipient: diagnostic challenges for migrant population
Authors: Vita Serena , Gabrielli Simona , Fontanelli Sulekova Lucia , De Angelis Maurizio , Alessandri Francesco , Pugliese Francesco , Ruberto Franco , Spagnolello Ornella , Mazzocato Valentina , Celani Luigi , Lopalco Maurizio , Mattiucci Simonetta , Bazzardi Riccardo , Angeletti Silvia , Ciccozzi Massimo , D’Ettorre Gabriella , Ceccarelli Giancarlo
Published: February 2021

Transplanted patients are particularly exposed to a major risk of infectious diseases due to prolonged immunosuppressive treatment. Over the last decade, the growing migration flows and the transplant tourism have led to increasing infections caused by geographically restricted organisms. Malaria is an unusual event in organ transplant recipients than can be acquired primarily or reactivation following immunosuppression, by transfusion of blood products or through the transplanted organ. We report a rare case of Plasmodium falciparum infection in a liver transplanted two years-old African boy who presented to one Italian Asylum Seeker Center on May 2019. We outlined hereby diagnostic challenges, possible aetiologies of post-transplantation malaria and finally we summarized potential drug interactions between immunosuppressive agents and antimalarials. This report aims to increase the attention to newly arrived migrants, carefully evaluating patients coming from tropical areas and taking into consideration also rare tropical infections not endemic in final destination countries.
The Diagnostic and prognostic value of CXCL12 (SDF-1α) level in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and disease
Authors: Koca Kalkan Ilkay , Gozu Ayse , Tansel Ebru , Kalac Serife Nilgun , Samurkasoglu Belgin , Simsek Hulya
Published: February 2021

Introduction: New diagnostic tools are being investigated for rapid and accurate TB detection. We aimed to find out the diagnostic yield and accuracy of chemokine CXCL12 (SDF-1a) levels in diagnosing active TB (aTB) and making a differential diagnosis from other several infectious/non-infectious pulmonary conditions.

Methodology: We collected demographic, clinic features and studied plasma CXCL12 levels using ELISA kit of the participants, classified into five categories: aTB (n = 30); cured TB (cTB, n = 15); close contacts of aTB (CC, n = 15); chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with active nonspecific pulmonary infection (infCOPD, n = 15); and healthy controls (HC, n = 15).

Results: CXCL12 levels were highest in aTB, but no significant difference was seen between other groups. When a cut-off level for CXCL12 was determined as 2835 pg/mL, the increased CXCL12 rate was significantly more in aTB than CC and HC (p = 0.02, p = 0.05). Also, participants with an active infection (aTB and infCOPD) had significantly higher increased CXCL12 rates (p = 0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of CXCL12 for diagnosing aTB were found to be 0.56 and 0.63, respectively. We found that bacterial load, the radiological severity and the extent of chest x-ray involvement were independent factors for increased CXCL12 levels.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that CXCL12 may be a representative of active pulmonary infection regardless of the cause but correlated with the severity of the disease; enabling this test to be used as a prognostic factor rather than a diagnostic test for aTB.
Facing COVID-19 pandemic: development of custom-made face mask with rapid prototyping system
Authors: Piombino Pasquale , Committeri Umberto , Norino Giovanna , Vaira Luigi Angelo , Troise Stefania , Maglitto Fabio , Mariniello Domenico , De Riu Giacomo , Califano Luigi
Published: February 2021

Background: COVID-19 is a global pandemic. The virus spreads through respiratory droplets and close contact. Therefore, the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) for healthcare professionals is essential. 3D printing technology could represent a valid option to ameliorate PPE shortages.

Methodology: Custom-made face mask were designed on the basis of facial scan and then 3D-printed. The whole protocol is executed with freeware software and only required a 3D printer. Six healthcare workers wore the device weekly thus expressing a judgment regarding quality of work, respiratory and skin comfort.

Results: The estimated total cost of a single mask is approximately 5 USD. The virtual design of a complete mask lasted 68 minutes on average. Most healthcare workers rated comfort as very good.

Conclusions: Based on the encouraging results obtained, we can confidently confirm that custom-made masks are novel and useful devices that may be used in the fight against COVID-19.
Associated factors of Acinetobacter baumannii complex in hospitalized patients: A case-control study
Authors: Fiorentin Vandresen Débora , Carolina Lucio Léia , Shigueyasu Yamada Roberto , Paula Vieira Ana , Ani Caovilla Follador Franciele , Pitt Benedetti Volmir , Pereira Bento Casaril Kérley , Viviane Buzanello Martins Cleide , Welter Wendt Guilherme , Elize Defante Ferreto Lirane
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Acinetobacter baumannii complex are microorganisms of critical priority of resistance, being associated with higher costs and negative outcomes for hospitalized patients. Thus, the study aimed to analyse the factors associated with A. baumannii complex infection in various hospital sectors.

Methodology: This is a case-control study that included patients hospitalized from January 2017 to June 2019. Demographic, microbiological and clinical variables were collected from each patient. All cases had positive culture results for A. baumannii complex resistant to more than three classes of antimicrobials. Carbapenem-resistance was examined by the disk diffusion test, while the broth microdilution method was used to determine the susceptibility to colistin.

Results: A. baumannii complex infection was mostly present in ICU (74.2%) than in other hospital areas. The bacteria was also linked with the length of hospitalization until the results for the culture (OR = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.06 – 1.21; p < 0.001) and with pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation (OR = 4.48; 95% CI: 1.55 – 13.00; p = 0.006). Moreover, patients exposed to infection with multidrug-resistant A. baumannii complex had higher risks of death (OR = 3.25; 95% CI: 1.06 – 9.91; p = 0.039).

Conclusions: This study provides evidence that A. baumannii complex infection is associated with the number of days of hospitalization up to culture positivity, pneumonia associated with the use of mechanical ventilation and death. Infections appear to be more critical in ICU when compared to other areas. Taken together, these findings could support hospital infection surveillance programs, as well as prevention measures to reduce mortality rates and other complications.
First report of Cooka incisa (Beekey, 1937) from Europe (Diptera, Scatopsidae)
Authors: Haenni Jean-Paul , Paltrinieri Lucia Pollini
Published: February 2021

Cooka incisa (Cook, 1956) is recorded from several wooded localities in southern Switzerland (canton of Ticino). This is the first European record of this species, as well as the first record of the otherwise Nearctic genus Cooka Amorim, 2007 in the Palaearctic region as a whole. The possibility of an accidental introduction of C. incisa in Europe is discussed.
The family Stratiomyidae in Egypt and Saudi Arabia (Diptera: Stratiomyoidea)
Authors: El-Hawagry Magdi , Al Dhafer Hathal , Abdel-Dayem Mahmoud , Hauser Martin
Published: February 2021

This study systematically catalogues all known taxa of the family Stratiomyidae in Egypt and Saudi Arabia. It is one in a series of planned studies aiming to catalogue the whole order in both countries.

Twenty species belonging to seven genera and three subfamilies (Pachygastrinae, Stratiomyinae and Nemotelinae) are treated. One of these genera, Oplodontha, and two species, Oplodontha pulchriceps Loew and Oxycera turcica Üstüner & Hasbenli, are recorded herein for the first time from Saudi Arabia. A lectotype for Nemotelus matrouhensis Mohammad et al., 2009 is designated. An updated classification, synonymies, type localities, world and local distributions, dates of collection and some colored photographs are provided.
La santé maternelle et infantile (Europe, XVI e -XIX e siècles) : état des lieux historiographique et bibliographique
Authors: Berthiaud Emmanuelle
Published: February 2021

La vie des mères et celle des tout-petits sont étroitement liées pendant la grossesse, la naissance et ses suites, ce qui explique que leur santé ait longtemps été traitée conjointement par la médecine. Les études historiques sur le sujet se sont multipliées depuis quelques décennies mais elles restent très dispersées et associent rarement ces deux catégories. Cet article propose donc une mise au point historiographique et bibliographique concernant la santé des mères et des enfants de moins de deux ans en Europe (France, Îles Britanniques, pays germaniques, Italie, Espagne) entre la Renaissance et les années 1870. Les sources et les approches mises en œuvres par les historien.ne.s depuis la fin du xix e siècle sont d’abord exposées. Les travaux historiques, l’état des connaissances et les nouvelles pistes de recherche concernant chaque étape du processus de maternité sont ensuite envisagées (conception, grossesse, accouchement, allaitement). La dernière partie est plus spécifiquement consacrée aux études sur la santé et les soins donnés aux tout-petits.