bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aging and the intramyocardial inflammatory response
Authors: Walley Keith R
Published: November 2014

The sepsis-induced intramyocardial inflammatory response results in decreased ventricular function and myocardial damage. Chemokines such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 causally contribute to retention of intramyocardial mononuclear leukocytes and subsequent ventricular dysfunction during endotoxemic shock in mice and, importantly, this effect is age dependent. It is therefore useful to consider where monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 fits in the complex pathway leading to ventricular dysfunction during sepsis, why this might be an age-dependent effect, and what this implies for care of older sepsis patients.
Effect of fluid shear stress on catalytic activity of biopalladium nanoparticles produced by Klebsiella Pneumoniae ECU-15 on Cr(VI) reduction reaction
Authors: Lei Bin , Zhang Xu , Zhu Minglong , Tan Wensong
Published: November 2014

Background

Biopalladium (bioPd(0)) nanoparticles onKlebsiella PneumoniaeECU-15 were synthesized mainly on the microorganism's surface. Data suggest that the resistance of mass transfer around the cell surface region plays a critical role in bioPd(0) synthesis process. However, the mechanisms for its role remains elusive.

Results

The experimental results indicated that 1) diffusion resistance existed around the microorganism's cell in reaction vessel and 2) fluid shear stress affected the mass transfer rates differently according to its strength and thus had varying effects on the bioPd(0) synthesis. More than 97.9 ± 1.5% Chromium(VI)(Cr(VI)) (384 μM) was reduced to Cr(III) within 20 min with 5% Pd/bioPd(0) as catalyst, which was generated by theK. PneumoniaeECU-15, and the catalytic performance of Pd/bioPd(0) was stable over 6 months. The optimal condition of bioreduction of Pd(II) to Pd(0) was determined at the Kolmogorov eddy length of 7.33 ± 0.5 μm and lasted for 1 h in the extended reduction process after the usual adsorption and reduction process.

Conclusions

It is concluded that a high bioPd(0) catalytic activity can be achieved by controlling the fluid shear stress intensity in an extended reduction process in the bioreactor.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Patient-Provider Communication, Quality-of-Care Ratings, and Patient Activation Among Long-Term Cancer Survivors
Authors: Palmer Nynikka R.A. , Kent Erin E. , Forsythe Laura P. , Arora Neeraj K. , Rowland Julia H. , Aziz Noreen M. , Blanch-Hartigan Danielle , Oakley-Girvan Ingrid , Hamilton Ann S. , Weaver Kathryn E.
Published: November 2014

Purpose

We examined racial and ethnic disparities in patient-provider communication (PPC), perceived care quality, and patient activation among long-term cancer survivors.

Methods

In 2005 to 2006, survivors of breast, prostate, colorectal, ovarian, and endometrial cancers completed a mailed survey on cancer follow-up care. African American, Asian/Pacific Islander (Asian), Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white (white) survivors who had seen a physician for follow-up care in the past 2 years (n = 1,196) composed the analytic sample. We conducted linear and logistic regression analyses to identify racial and ethnic differences in PPC (overall communication and medical test communication), perceived care quality, and patient activation in clinical care (self-efficacy in medical decisions and perceived control). We further examined the potential contribution of PPC to racial and ethnic differences in perceived care quality and patient activation.

Results

Compared with white survivors (mean score, 85.16), Hispanic (mean score, 79.95) and Asian (mean score, 76.55) survivors reported poorer overall communication (P = .04 and P < .001, respectively), and Asian survivors (mean score, 79.97) reported poorer medical test communication (P = .001). Asian survivors were less likely to report high care quality (odds ratio, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.72) and reported lower self-efficacy in medical decisions (mean score, 74.71; P < .001) compared with white survivors (mean score, 84.22). No disparity was found in perceived control. PPC was positively associated with care quality (P < .001) and self-efficacy (P < .001). After adjusting for PPC and other covariates, when compared with whites, Asian disparities remained significant.

Conclusion

Asian survivors report poorer follow-up care communication and care quality. More research is needed to identify contributing factors beyond PPC, such as cultural influences and medical system factors.
National Survey of US Oncologists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Patterns Regarding Herb and Supplement Use by Patients With Cancer
Authors: Lee Richard T. , Barbo Andrea , Lopez Gabriel , Melhem-Bertrandt Amal , Lin Heather , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Curlin Farr A.
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Patients with cancer commonly use complementary and alternative medicine, including herbs and supplements (HS), during cancer treatment. This national survey explored oncologists' knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns regarding HS use by their patients.

Methods

A survey was sent by mail and e-mail to a random sample of 1,000 members of the American Society for Clinical Oncology. The questions covered several topics: communication patterns, attitudes about HS, education about HS, response to HS use among hypothetical patients with cancer, knowledge of HS adverse effects, and demographic information.

Results

Among eligible oncologists, 392 (42%) responded to the questionnaire. Most were white (75%) men (71%), with a mean age of 48 years (standard deviation, 9.8 years). On average, oncologists discussed use of HS with 41% of their patients; only 26% of discussions were initiated by the oncologist. Two of three oncologists indicated they did not have enough knowledge to answer questions from patients regarding HS, and 59% had not received any education about the topic. Physician factors associated with having initiated discussions with patients about the use of HS included female sex, higher self-reported knowledge, prior education about HS, increased knowledge about HS adverse effects and interactions, and estimating that > 40% of one's patients with cancer use HS.

Conclusion

Fewer than one half of oncologists are initiating discussions with patients about HS use, and many indicate that lack of knowledge and education is a barrier to such discussions. Improving physician education about HS may facilitate more physician-patient communication about this important topic.
Redistribution, Hyperproliferation, Activation of Natural Killer Cells and CD8 T Cells, and Cytokine Production During First-in-Human Clinical Trial of Recombinant Human Interleukin-15 in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Conlon Kevin C. , Lugli Enrico , Welles Hugh C. , Rosenberg Steven A. , Fojo Antonio Tito , Morris John C. , Fleisher Thomas A. , Dubois Sigrid P. , Perera Liyanage P. , Stewart Donn M. , Goldman Carolyn K. , Bryant Bonita R. , Decker Jean M. , Chen Jing , Worthy Tat'Yana A. , Figg William D. , Peer Cody J. , Sneller Michael C. , Lane H. Clifford , Yovandich Jason L. , Creekmore Stephen P. , Roederer Mario , Waldmann Thomas A.
Published: November 2014

Purpose

Interleukin-15 (IL-15) has significant potential in cancer immunotherapy as an activator of antitumor CD8 T and natural killer (NK) cells. The primary objectives of this trial were to determine safety, adverse event profile, dose-limiting toxicity, and maximum-tolerated dose of recombinant human IL-15 (rhIL-15) administered as a daily intravenous bolus infusion for 12 consecutive days in patients with metastatic malignancy.

Patients and Methods

We performed a first in-human trial of Escherichia coli–produced rhIL-15. Bolus infusions of 3.0, 1.0, and 0.3 μg/kg per day of IL-15 were administered for 12 consecutive days to patients with metastatic malignant melanoma or metastatic renal cell cancer.

Results

Flow cytometry of peripheral blood lymphocytes revealed dramatic efflux of NK and memory CD8 T cells from the circulating blood within minutes of IL-15 administration, followed by influx and hyperproliferation yielding 10-fold expansions of NK cells that ultimately returned to baseline. Up to 50-fold increases of serum levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines were observed. Dose-limiting toxicities observed in patients receiving 3.0 and 1.0 μg/kg per day were grade 3 hypotension, thrombocytopenia, and elevations of ALT and AST, resulting in 0.3 μg/kg per day being determined the maximum-tolerated dose. Indications of activity included clearance of lung lesions in two patients.

Conclusion

IL-15 could be safely administered to patients with metastatic malignancy. IL-15 administration markedly altered homeostasis of lymphocyte subsets in blood, with NK cells and γδ cells most dramatically affected, followed by CD8 memory T cells. To reduce toxicity and increase efficacy, alternative dosing strategies have been initiated, including continuous intravenous infusions and subcutaneous IL-15 administration.
Prostacyclin Regulates Bone Growth via the Epac/Rap1 Pathway
Authors: Hutchison Michele R. , White Perrin C.
Published: November 2014

Prostaglandins, particularly PGE2, are important to adult bone and joint health, but how prostaglandins act on growth plate cartilage to affect bone growth is unclear. We show that growth plate cartilage is distinct from articular cartilage with respect to cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA expression; although articular chondrocytes express very little COX-2, COX-2 expression is high in growth plate chondrocytes and is increased by IGF-I. In bovine primary growth plate chondrocytes, ATDC5 cells, and human metatarsal explants, inhibition of COX activity with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and ERK activation by IGF-I. This inhibition is reversed by prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin (PGI2) but not by prostaglandin D2 or thromboxane B2. Inhibition of COX activity in young mice by ip injections of NSAIDs causes dwarfism. In growth plate chondrocytes, inhibition of proliferation and ERK activation by NSAIDs is reversed by forskolin, 8-bromoadenosine, 3′,5′-cAMP and a prostacyclin analog, iloprost. The inhibition of proliferation and ERK activation by celecoxib is also reversed by 8CPT-2Me-cAMP, an activator of Epac, implicating the small G protein Rap1 in the pathway activated by iloprost. These results imply that prostacyclin is required for proper growth plate development and bone growth.
Growth Hormone Receptor Antagonist Transgenic Mice Are Protected From Hyperinsulinemia and Glucose Intolerance Despite Obesity When Placed on a HF Diet
Authors: Yang Tianxu , Householder Lara A. , Lubbers Ellen R. , List Edward O. , Troike Katie , Vesel Clare , Duran-Ortiz Silvana , Kopchick John J. , Berryman Darlene E.
Published: November 2014

Reduced GH levels have been associated with improved glucose metabolism and increased longevity despite obesity in multiple mouse lines. However, one mouse line, the GH receptor antagonist (GHA) transgenic mouse, defies this trend because it has reduced GH action and increased adiposity, but glucose metabolism and life span are similar to controls. Slight differences in glucose metabolism and adiposity profiles can become exaggerated on a high-fat (HF) diet. Thus, in this study, male and female GHA and wild-type (WT) mice in a C57BL/6 background were placed on HF and low-fat (LF) diets for 11 weeks, starting at 10 weeks of age, to assess how GHA mice respond to additional metabolic stress of HF feeding. On a HF diet, all mice showed significant weight gain, although GHA gained weight more dramatically than WT mice, with males gaining more than females. Most of this weight gain was due to an increase in fat mass with WT mice increasing primarily in the white adipose tissue perigonadal depots, whereas GHA mice gained in both the sc and perigonadal white adipose tissue regions. Notably, GHA mice were somewhat protected from detrimental glucose metabolism changes on a HF diet because they had only modest increases in serum glucose levels, remained glucose tolerant, and did not develop hyperinsulinemia. Sex differences were observed in many measures with males reacting more dramatically to both a reduction in GH action and HF diet. In conclusion, our findings show that GHA mice, which are already obese, are susceptible to further adipose tissue expansion with HF feeding while remaining resilient to alterations in glucose homeostasis.
Marshall's Principle: A Former Labor Secretary Looks Back (and Ahead)
Authors: Hower Joseph E. , McCartin Joseph A.
Published: November 2014

This article features an extended interview with Ray Marshall, professor emeritus and Audre and Bernard Rapoport Centennial Chair in Economics and Public Affairs at the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, University of Texas at Austin, and former secretary of labor to President Jimmy Carter (1977–81). An influential figure in the field of labor economics and the economics of discrimination, Marshall joined the Carter administration at a pivotal moment in postwar American history. In this interview, he reflects on his time as secretary of labor, his broader career in academia and politics, and the state and future of working America, addressing topics that include contemporary politics, economic and fiscal policy, labor law, education and immigration reform, and the role of organized labor in American society.
Realization of System and Activity Approach in the Training According to Requirements of FSES
Authors: Сиротин  , Sirotin Vladimir
Published: November 2014

The System and Activity Approach is one of the key approaches in the Federal State Educational Standard. Its realization is possible under certain didactic

conditions in the teaching process. The article presents the possibilities of the educational process organization with usage of the System and Activity

Approach according to requirements of FSES.
Some Methodical Features of Work with Multilevel System of Educational tasks, focused on the Unified State Examination Rormat on Mathematics
Authors: Максютин  , Maksyutin A. , Клековкин  , Klekovkin G.
Published: November 2014

The description of the methods and technology of work with multilevel system of tasks, which is offered in (1) and focused on training of pupils for

Unified State Examination on mathematics.
UNESCO Institute on Information Technologies Massive Open Online Course on Teachers’ ICT Competence
Authors: Бадарч  , Badarch D. , Цветкова  , Tsvetkova Marina
Published: November 2014

The article describes the analysis of formation and deployment of the massive open online courses (MOOC) for teachers. It considers the features of

WOOC constructionfor professional development of teachers, and analyses the MOOC influence on development of the informational educational

environment for schools in the conditions of development of electronic educational forms. It offers some recommendations about MOOC embedding

into schools’ IT environment based on creation of pedagogical community of regional tutors-methodologists and teachers in joint study of MOOC at

courses IITE UNESCO, and involvement of creative teachers in the formation of author´s OER and MOOC for pupils as environments of electronic study

in the region.
Health Information Exchange as a Multisided Platform: Adoption, Usage, and Practice Involvement in Service Co-Production
Authors: Yaraghi Niam , Du Anna Ye , Sharman Raj , Gopal Ram D. , Ramesh Ram
Published: November 2014

Health Information Exchanges (HIE) are becoming integral parts of the national healthcare reform efforts, chiefly because of their potential impact on cost reduction and quality enhancement in healthcare services. However, the potential of an HIE platform can only be realized when its multiple constituent users actively participate in using its variety of services. In this research, we model HIE systems as multisided platforms that incorporate self-service technologies whose value to the users depends on both user-specific and network-specific factors. We develop a model of adoption, use, and involvement of clinical practices in the coproduction of the HIE services. This model is grounded in social network theory, service operations theory, and institutional isomorphism theory. A longitudinal study of actual adoption and use behaviors of 2,054 physicians within 430 community medical practices in Western New York over a three-year period has been carried out to evaluate the proposed model. This study has been supported by HEALTHeLINK, the Regional Health Information Organization of Western New York, which has an extensive database comprising over half a million transactions on patient records by the HIE users. We extracted panel data on adoption, use, and service coproduction behaviors from this database and carried out a detailed analysis using metrics derived from the foundational theories. Positioning practices within two distinct but interrelated networks of patients and practitioners, we show that adoption, use, and service coproduction behaviors are influenced by the topographies of the two networks, isomorphic effects of large practices on the smaller ones, and practice labor inputs in HIE use. Our findings provide a comprehensive view of the drivers of HIE adoption and use at the level of medical practices. These results have implications for marketing and revenue management of HIE platforms, as well as public health and national/regional healthcare policy making.
Some wireless challenges
Authors: Tica Gill
Published: November 2014

Wireless networks are now essential to the day-to-day operation of schools. Gill Tica looks at the challenges schools face in setting up a robust wireless network and offers some advice on getting your network right
What makes an inspiring teacher?
Authors: McAleavy Tony
Published: November 2014

A research project has observed a group of teachers identified by their school leaders as ‘inspirational’ in a bid to discover what it is that makes an inspiring teacher. Tony McAleavy looks at some of the common traits that emerged
Hacer… hablar; hablar… tal vez habitar. Apuntes sobre lo dicho y hecho por Adolf Loos (1870-1933)
Authors: Arnau Amo Joaquín , Gutiérrez Mozo María Elia
Published: November 2014

Ornamento y delito y Arquitectura, los dos artículos que sin duda han contribuido a difundir el ideario y a sustentar la celebridad del arquitecto Adolf Loos (1870-1933), proceden de sendas conferencias. Su origen, por consiguiente, es de naturaleza oral. Y la polémica desencadenada a raíz de ellos los convierte, en su época y para la Historia, en auténticos oráculos, cuyo sentido sus transcripciones, tanto francesa como alemana, inevitablemente en parte desvirtúan. Solo cotejando lo dicho por el maestro, y luego escrito y publicado, con su obra edificada podemos restituir el sentido original de su pensamiento. Esta es la hipótesis sobre la que discurrimos.A sus palabras y obras habrá que sumar la atención que el arquitecto y periodista, que así se confiesa, confiere a los oficios y a los materiales que los sustentan, en la línea de pensamiento de Gottfried Semper, como fundamento del diseño. Es pues a la luz de su concurrencia a la obra de arquitectura, y de ésta al espacio de habitación, y no de otros documentos gráficos y fotográficos,  como ha de valorarse lo dicho y escrito por Loos, si nos atenemos a sus propias recomendaciones. Lo dicho se ilumina con lo hecho. Y lo hecho se autoriza por lo habitado.
Dos enfoques energéticos que dominan y liberan el medioambiente en un proyecto de arquitectura
Authors: Jorge Camacho Cristina
Published: November 2014

En un primer modelo energético, la cúpula geodésica de R.B. Fuller está formada por multitud de moléculas de aire en retícula que cubren el mayor espacio con el menor gasto de energía, como analiza mediante un modelo a escala menor en el proyecto “The Cardboard House”. Debido a la influencia de los estudios de balística y de navegación, dentro del sistema sinergético opta por sustituir el aire, representado por un conjunto de corpúsculos blandos con cierta facilidad para la compresión, por el agua formado también por corpúsculos, pero duros como pequeñas bolas de acero con gran incapacidad para la compresión deslizando unas sobre otras al no poder absorber los esfuerzos tangenciales. En estos estudios, la geometría es una herramienta de trabajo que les sirve para prever y medir las inesperadas fuerzas de la naturaleza, calculando de antemano los sucesos energéticos en el tiempo. En un segundo modelo se establece una relación de contigüidad y no de asociación formal con la investigación sobre el automorfismo de R. Le Ricolais, a través de dos proyectos de infraestructuras adaptados a entornos distintos, uno aéreo “Sky-Rail” y otro acuático “Under Sea Transit”, observando cómo cristales salinos y seres acuáticos sin gravedad inducen principios constructivos de nuevos sistemas estructurales como islas artificiales. Le Ricolais comenta que junto a la vida aparece el problema del crecimiento, y hasta ahora el hombre no ha sido capaz de construir máquinas capaces de crecer. Futuros proyectos de estructuras estudian alternar el uso de la última tecnología junto con el no-empleo de la misma, buscando un equilibrio entre un dominio del medioambiente y el abandono de todo control sobre el mismo.
Análisis geoarqueológico y espacial de un yacimiento musteriense al aire libre: la raña de Cañamero (Cáceres, España)
Authors: Fernández Fernández Jesús , Álvarez Alonso David
Published: November 2014

Las prospecciones y sondeos arqueológicos de urgencia llevados a cabo en dos parcelas del término municipal de Cañamero (Cáceres) han revelado la existencia de abundantes restos de industria lítica atribuibles al Paleolítico medio. Tras los correspondientes estudios tecnológicos, en este trabajo se intenta contextualizar el yacimiento a escala regional y estudiar su evolución a lo largo del tiempo (procesos postdeposicionales). Para ello hemos recurrido a diferentes técnicas y métodos de trabajo, como la arqueología, la geomorfología o los Sistemas de Información Geográfica. Nuestro objetivo es contribuir a la mejor compresión de la génesis y evolución de las ocupaciones al aire libre del Paleolítico medio en la región.
Un toro de bronce orientalizante en Menorca
Authors: Graells i Fabregat Raimon , Jiménez Ávila Javier , Nicolás Mascaró Joan C. de
Published: November 2014

El trabajo reflexiona sobre la presencia de un fragmento de timiaterio de bronce orientalizante con representación zoomorfa en Menorca. Se caracteriza la naturaleza y procedencia de la pieza, así como el lugar de hallazgo propuesto y se discuten distintas posibilidades para explicar su presencia en la isla como único modo válido para considerar piezas descontextualizadas antes de aceptarlas en el debate científico.
La Peña del Castillo (Peñas de San Pedro, Albacete): de oppidum ibérico a fortaleza cristiana
Authors: Lorrio Alvarado Alberto José , Simón García José Luís , Sánchez de Prado María Dolores
Published: November 2014

Se analiza la historia de un singular yacimiento, La Peña del Castillo, desde la Prehistoria Reciente hasta época moderna, a partir de la documentación histórica y arqueológica existente. Si la entidad del lugar durante época medieval era conocida, identificándose con el ḥiṣn Sanfiro de las fuentes musulmanas, y el castrum Rupe Sancti Petri de la documentación cristiana, su relevancia durante la Protohistoria y la Antigüedad apenas había sido valorada. En época ibérica el lugar se convirtió en un destacado oppidum que jerarquizaría las tierras meridionales de Los Llanos de Albacete, mientras que durante la tardoantigüedad cabe proponer su identificación con un castellum, quizás uno de los sometidos por Leovigildo en su campaña del 577 en la Oróspeda.
La vivienda de Emporion: un ejemplo de una sociedad ecléctica en el Mediterráneo occidental en época clásica
Authors: Cortés Vicente Ada
Published: November 2014

Este artículo analiza las características arquitectónicas de las casas urbanas de la «neapolis» de Ampurias, el asentamiento griego de la ciudad. La particularidad histórica de esta población al noreste de la península ibérica ofrece la oportunidad de estudiar un urbanismo con muchas influencias culturales. Esta riqueza es muy evidente en su arquitectura doméstica, donde se puede examinar cómo una población de origen griego adaptó en sus paredes privadas, nuevos esquemas romanos. En los restos arqueológicos de Emporion, también se observa el resultado del contacto y la convivencia de esta sociedad con el mundo autóctono a lo largo de los siglos, así como la relación con otras culturas mediterráneas. En resumen, el estudio de la arquitectura doméstica de la «Neapolis» de Ampurias nos muestra una casa específica de un momento y un lugar con unos condicionantes históricos muy concretos.
Contextos augusteos en Augusta Emerita
Authors: Bustamante Álvarez Macarena
Published: November 2014

Realizamos una breve valoración de los pocos contextos cerámicos que podemos calificar como augusteos en la capital de la Lusitania, Augusta Emerita, siendo este año el momento ideal por la conmemoración del Bimilenario de Augusto. Para ello rastreamos contextos publicados e inéditos con el fin de poder establecer algunos rasgos básicos de cuáles fueron las cerámicas consumidas y producidas en esta ciudad de fundación augustea. Esta labor de síntesis hasta el momento no había sido realizada en suelo emeritense.
Representaciones de horrea en la musivaria romana. Problemas para su identificación
Authors: Salido Domínguez Javier , Neira Jiménez María Luz
Published: November 2014

Partiendo del estudio de los restos arquitectónicos de horrea, este trabajo presenta el análisis de algunas representaciones de edificios en la musivaria romana que como novedad son identificados como pertenecientes a horrea (graneros y almacenes). A este respecto, su representación en los mosaicos contribuye al conocimiento del aspecto exterior de estos edificios, paliando en cierto modo los escasos datos proporcionados por los testimonios arqueológicos en precario estado de conservación. Asimismo, el estudio nos permite verificar la tipología de las construcciones figuradas en los mosaicos romanos, analizar técnicas constructivas concretas desconocidas a nivel arqueológico, como los cancelli, y cuestionar la supuesta representación de algunas estancias situadas en los horrea como los espacios sacros, que debieron corresponder realmente a torres defensivas.
La producción de vidrio en Valentia. El taller de la calle Sabaters
Authors: Sánchez de Prado María Dolores , Ramón Peris Asunción
Published: November 2014

En el casco antiguo de Valencia se localizó parte de un edificio que albergaba un horno de vidrio, de planta circular. Junto a esta estructura se recuperaron todo tipo de desechos, como las bocas de caña exvasadas o «palmatorias» de soplado, además de fragmentos de lingotes y vidrio plano para reciclar. El material de los niveles de derrumbe remite a una cronología de la primera mitad del siglo V d.C.
Nuevas inscripciones romanas de la meseta sur (Hispania Citerior, Conventus Carthaginiensis)
Authors: Abascal Palazón Juan Manuel
Published: November 2014

Durante los trabajos de revisión para preparar la nueva edición del Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, vol. II, han aparecido algunas inscripciones nuevas que confirman la extensión del hábito epigráfico romano por las provincias de Cuenca, Albacete y Toledo. Alguno de estos epígrafes procede de lugares que ya se conocían en la tradición manuscrita desde finales del siglo XVI. El trabajo incluye dos fragmentos de epígrafes en bronce, un tipo de documentos muy poco frecuentes en esta región.
Gentes italiche a Lucentum tra il I secolo A.C. e il I secolo D.C.: alcune considerazioni
Authors: Stefanile Michele
Published: November 2014

La presenza di gentes di provenienza italica nella popolazione dell’antica Lucentum costituisce un argomento di discussione fondamentale all’interno dello studio della romanizzazione del territorio. L’analisi delle testimonianze epigrafiche e il confronto con la Penisola Italiana permette di identificare queste famiglie, riconoscendo possibili aree di provenienza nella Campania e nell’area appenninica: si riconosce così che, al di là del Fulvius Asclas Pompeianus tradizionalmente considerato di Pompei (e sulla cui origine si può forse ancora discutere), altri individui menzionati nell’epigrafia alicantina mostrano stretti legami con le loro terre di provenienza.
Emporion archaïque: genèse d’un revers-type
Authors: Chevillon Jean-Albert , Ripollès Alegre Pere Pau
Published: November 2014

Ce travail traite des revers incus présents sur les émissions archaïques d’Emporion. Après une période utilisant plusieurs types de revers, l’atelier créa à la fin de sa phase A archaïque (vers 500 av. J.-C.) un très caractéristique revers-type : une croix perlée à l’intérieur d’un carré creux à quatre languettes.
Stimuli-Responsive Silicon-Polymer Nanoparticles
Authors: Kehrle Julian , Höhlein Ignaz M.D. , Yang Zhenyu , Helbich Tobias , Veinot Jonathan G.C. , Rieger Bernhard
Published: November 2014

Poly (dialkyl vinylphosphonate)s (PDAVPs) are an interesting class of polymers due to their thermoresponsive behavior close to the physiological range.[1] Rare Earth Metal-Mediated Group Transfer Polymerization (REM-GTP) is used to synthesize PDAVPs with narrow PDIs and high molecular weights.[2] In further studies we have shown the functionalization of hydride terminated silicon surfaces with PDAVPs applying Surface-Initiated GTP. These surfaces exhibit a temperature dependent change of polarity.[3] We used similar strategies to functionalize photoluminescent silicon nanoparticles with poly (diethyl vinylphosphonate) (PDEVP). Such hybrid nanoparticles still exhibit photoluminescence characteristics of silicon nanocrystals and the lower critical solution temperature effect of PDEVP above 35C.
UV cured platinum-free, soft PDMS networks
Authors: Daugaard Anders Egede , Goswami Kaustav , Skov Anne Ladegaard
Published: November 2014

In recent years, UV chemistry has gained importance in curing of elastomers as it allows for rapid reactions at ambient temperature and thereby saves energy in processing. Current techniques often apply platinum in the UV-cured systems, which is challenged by the increasing cost of platinum.
A novel platinum free photochemical curing method for soft poly (dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) networks based on commercially available starting materials was developed. Soft PDMS networks were obtained through photochemical thiol-ene crosslinking of ,-vinyl terminated PDMS with a hexa-functional thiol PDMS. Investigations showed that direct photochemical crosslinking led to slow curing kinetics and resulted in a soft PDMS with inferior materials properties. The efficiency of the crosslinking chemistry was substantially improved, through development of a two-step curing reaction. Initially, the crosslinker and excess linear ,-vinyl-PDMS were reacted below the gel-point under UV irraditation into hyperbranched structures. The hyperbranched structures were found to be fast and efficiently crosslinked into ideal networks with good mechanical properties. Finally the approach also allows for localization of fillers in the polymer matrix. The properties of the prepared networks were investigated by both rheology and dielectric spectroscopy.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cyclic Silenolates
Authors: Haas Michael , Fischer Roland , Torvisco Ana , Stueger Harald
Published: November 2014

Based on earlier work by Ottosson [1] and Ohshita [2] the previously unknown cyclic silenolates 1a-c and 2a-b have been synthesized by the reaction of acylcyclohexasilanes with one or two equivalents of KOtBu. The nature of the anions (silenide or silenolate) and consequently the outcome of subsequent reaction steps largely depends on the substituent R at the carbonyl function. Detailed NMR-analysis of 1a-c and 2a-b corroborate this deduction. Furthermore, for 1a-c and 2a-b single crystals which were suitable for X-ray structure analysis could be grown. Very interesting is the reactivity of 1b, which at 50C undergoes a hitherto unknown 1,4-trimethylsilyl-migration followed by a ring cleavage of the cyclohexasilane cycle to form the anion 3a. The high selectivity of these reactions is demonstrated by the formation of an acyl-functionalized bicyclo-2,2,2-octasilane in >90% yield from 2a and \(ClSiMe_{2}SiMe_{2}Cl\).
Nanotechnology - New advanced hybrid polymeric nanomaterials
Authors: Oben Delphine , Taylor Peter , Bassindale Alan , Bruce James , Taylor Alan , Durand Geraldine
Published: November 2014

Understanding and controlling the hydrolysis and condensation of trialkoxy and tetraalkoxy silanes in acidic medium has not been fully realised. Sanchez et al [1] found that with certain compositions, the reaction quickly reaches a pseudo equilibrium. Hence, the condensation rate coefficient could be determined [2].
One aspect of our work has been to study these reactions to pseudo equilibrium and beyond to understand what happens when excess reagents are being added after equilibrium. This study gave us an understanding of the durability or shelf-life of the materials formed. We also examined how varying the amounts of reactants affected the composition of the pseudo equilibrium. Another aspect of the research was to study silsesquioxane condensation in order to understand and control the mechanism to obtain different desired advanced materials [3]. We have also been able to extend our understanding from the above mechanistic study to the synthesis of Stober silica nanoparticles of variable sizes [4].

References
[1] J. Sanchez, S. E. Rankin, A. V. McCormick, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 1996, 35, 117-129.
[2] F. Bauer, V. Sauerland, H. Ernst, H.-J. Glsel, S. Naumov, R. Mehnert, Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 2003, 204, 375-383.
[3] A. R. Bassindale, H. Chen, Z. Liu, I. A. MacKinnon, D. J. Parker, P. G. Taylor, Y. Yang, M. E. Light, P. N. Horton, M. B. Hursthouse, Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 2004, 689, 3287-3300.
[4] W. Stber, A. Fink, E. Bohn, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 1968, 26, 62-69.
From Chlorosilyliumylidene Complexes to Cyclic Silylones with an Electron-Rich Silicon(0) Atom
Authors: Xiong Yun , Yao Shenglai , Inoue Shigeyoishi , Epping Jan Dirk , Driess Matthias
Published: November 2014

Molecular silicon(0) species LSiL (L = N-heterocyclic carbenes, phosphanes, etc.), termed as silylones, have attracted significant attention. By employing the neutral bidentate bis-NHC ligand the unprecedented bis(carbene) chlorosilyliumylidene complex 1 could be isolated, in which both HOMO and LUMO are mainly localized on the silicon(II) atom according to DFT calculations./1/ Thus, dechlorination of 1 by sodium naphthalenide led to the first isolable cyclic silylone (siladicarbene) 2 featuring an electron-rich silicon(0) atom due to the weak -acceptor character of the NHC supporting ligand.
Blood Flow Patterns In The Ascending Aorta after TAVI And Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Study Using 4D Flow MRI
Authors: Trauzeddel Ralf Felix , Löbe Ulrike , Barker Alex , Gelsinger Carmen , Butter Christian , Markl Michael , Schulz-Menger Jeanette , von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff Florian
Published: November 2014

Background
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a new method for treating patients with severe aortic stenosis with high risk for or rejected from conventional heart surgery. Its impact on blood flow patterns and parameters in the ascending aorta are unknown. Using 4-dimensional phase contrast MRI (4D Flow MRI) we examined the hemodynamics in the ascending aorta after TAVI and compared them to stented bioprostheses and healthy controls.

Methods
We used 4D Flow MRI (spatial resolution 1.8x1.8x2.5mm3; temporal resolution 13-22 phases/heart cycle) of the ascending aorta in 14 patients with TAVI (mean age 76 years, 8 males, all Edwards Sapien), 12 patients with different stented bioprostheses (mean age 77 years, 8 males) and 9 healthy controls (mean age 55 years, 8 males) controls using a 1.5T MR system. We examined the distribution of the maximum systolic wall shear stresses as well as the maximum blood flow velocities in the mid-ascending aorta.

Results
Patients with TAVI and stented bioprosthesis revealed an asymetric distribution of the wall shear stresses with significantly elevated values at the anterior and right-anterior curvature and significantly lower values at the posterior curvature compared to the healthy controls. Concerning the maximum velocities both TAVI and stented bioprostheses revealed an asymetric distribution along the right-anterior curvature where TAVI showed a more anterior distribution compared to the healty controls which showed a central distribution.

Conclusion
The blood flow patterns in patients with TAVI and stented bioprostheses differs significantly from the ones in healthy controls. However, TAVI and stented bioprosthesis showed small but significant regional differences.
Morphologic, Immunophenotypic and Bioenergetic Characterization of a Human Dermal Fibroblast Cell Line
Authors: Pavel Ioana Zinuca , Duicu Oana , Bojin Florina , Privistirescu Andreea , Coricovac Dorina , Dehelean Cristina , Muntean Danina
Published: November 2014

Background
In the past years, ultraviolet-B (UVB)-induced morphological changes in cultured fibroblasts have been systematically studied in relation with photoprotective strategies. The present study was aimed at providing a comprehensive characterization of a human dermal fibroblast cell line, HDFa, in terms of: (i) morphological and phenotypical aspects, and (ii) mitochondrial function and bioenergetics.

Methods
Morphology of HDFa line was assessed by light microscopy and flow cytometry was used for the evaluation of the the following surface markers: CD34, CD45, CD90, CD73, CD44, CD29, CD117, CD105, CD109, CD26, IL-10R, HLA-DR and TGF-RIII. Cell monolayers were fixed and stained for CD105, CD117, Ki67, Vimentin, -smooth muscle actin, Caldesmon, Cytokeratin, and smooth muscle myosin by immunofluorescence. Mitochondrial bioenergetics was measured by using Seahorse Bioscience XF24 extracellular flux analyzer. Different number of cells were seeded in order to obtain the optimal seeding density needed to identify a measurable OCR (oxygen consumption rate) and ECAR (extracellular acidification rate). The following protocol for mitochondrial function assay was tested at 37C: Basal respiration followed by sequential injections of Oligomycin, FCCP, and Antimycin A (BOFA). Parameters of mitochondrial respiratory function (basal OCR, maximal respiratory capacity, ATP production, and proton leak) together with those of glycolysis (glycolytic flux, glycolytic capacity, and glycolytic reserve), respectively were measured. After each BOFA assay, cells were lysed to quantify total protein by Bradford assay.

Results
HDFa cells showed elongated flattened form, were adherent and rapidly expanded in culture. HDFa cells were positive for CD90, CD73, CD26, and CD29 at flowcytometry, whereas imunofluorescence microscopy revealed that the cell line was positive for CD105, Ki67, and Vimentin. The optimal mitochondrial and glycolytic flux parameters were reported at 20.000 cells/well, resulting that this seeding density will be used in our further experiments.

Conclusions
Characterization of HDFa cell line was performed in order to further report on their changes in response to different protocols of UVB exposure in the presence vs. the absence of protective phytochemicals.
Research supported by the doctoral fellowship POSDRU/159 /1.5/S/ 136893.
Infection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Its Association with Antibiotic Use in Patients of Central ICU "Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo" in 2011
Authors: Purwono Arini , Saharman Yulia Rosa
Published: November 2014

Background
Irrational use of antibiotics could increase the incidence of infection caused by the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae. Prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae varies among hospitals, and its resistance could complicate the treatment, extend the hospital length of stay, and increase the mortality. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae and its association with antibiotic use.

Methods
This study was a cross sectional study, involving 111 secondary data derived from ESBL resistance test of culture examinations which used the standardized method according to The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and patients medical records in Central ICU RSCM in 2011.

Results
Laboratory test results showed that 8 from 111 samples (7,2%) were infected with Enterobacteriaceae producing ESBL. Data were analyzed using chi-square test, p=0,05. Statistical analysis results were RP>1 with the value of significance p=1.000 and 95% CI 1.039; 1.179.

Conclusion
It is concluded that there is no association between antibiotic use and ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae infection in Central ICU RSCM in 2011.
Microbiological, physicochemical and sensory characterization of commercial yogurt with plum pulp.
Authors: Bortoluzzi Marisete , Nunes Carla Regina Zimpel , Silva Marines Luiza , Kalschne Daneysa Lahis , Mendonça Saraspathy Naidoo Terroso Gama , Brandão William A. P. L. N. T. de Mendonça
Published: November 2014

The present work aimed to analyze the microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of three commercial brands of yogurt with plum pulp. Count of Coliform at 35 and 45 ºC, yeast and mold and sensory evaluation (hedonic scale) at the beginning of shelf life was done. Additionally at 8, 16, 24 and 32 days of storage (6 ± 2 ºC) were performed the count of total lactic acid bacteria, determination of pH and acidity (in lactic acid). For all samples Coliforms at 35 and 45 ºC were not detected, while yeasts and molds were below the maximum limit established. The total count of lactic acid bacteria remained above the minimum recommended in the intervals, while the pH decreased with storage time and acidity remained stable. In sensory analysis there was difference (p<0.05) between the samples for the attributes color, appearance of pieces of plum, plum aroma and sweetness, while the attributes flavor of plum, acid flavor, consistency and overall impression were not different. The acceptability index ranged from 65.08 to 79.37%.

 

DOI: 10.14685/rebrapa.v5i1.136
Calprotectin and lactoferrin in the cerebrospinal fluid; biomarkers utilisable for differential diagnostics of bacterial and aseptic meningitis?
Authors: Dastych Milan , Gottwaldová Jana , Čermáková Zdenka
Published: November 2014

The aim of our work was to assess the diagnostic contribution of calprotectin and lactoferrin determinations in the cerebrospinal fluid when distinguishing between bacterial and aseptic meningitides.

In 23 patients with bacterial meningitis (BM) and in 50 patients with aseptic meningitis (AM), we determined the concentrations of calprotectin, lactoferrin and the conventional biomarkers like glucose, total protein, lactate and polynuclear count in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The discriminative power of the various parameters studied was determined by means of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves: the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, the positive likelihood ratio (+LR), and the negative likelihood ratio (–LR).

The diagnostic efficiency of calprotectin, lactoferrin, lactate, and polynuclear count when distinguishing between bacterial and aseptic meningitides, expressed by ROC curve parameters, was as follows: AUC (0.736, 0.946, 0.932, 0.932), sensitivity (86.2, 96.6, 90.0, 89.7), specificity (58.5, 92.4, 87.0, 90.6), +LR (2.08, 12.8, 6.9, 9.50), –LR (0.24, 0.04, 0.11, 0.11), respectively. The optimal cut point for calprotectin and lactoferrin was 191 ng/mL and 17.8 ng/mL, respectively.

Our findings show, that the determination of lactoferrin in the CSF was diagnostically the most efficient marker in distinguishing between bacterial and viral meningitides. Calprotectin was far less efficient diagnostic marker. The polynuclear count and lactate concentration showed a very good diagnostic efficiency as well. The determination of protein and glucose was diagnostically less beneficial.
Application of low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen plasma: treatment of artificially prepared corrosion layers
Authors: Fojtíková Petra , Řádková Lucie , Janová Drahomíra , Krčma František
Published: November 2014

The aim of this work is the application of low-temperature low-pressure hydrogen plasma on artificially prepared corrosion layers, so called plasma chemical reduction. It is necessary to use samples with artificially prepared corrosion layers because it is impossible to use the real artifacts for fundamental research. The bronze was chosen as a sample material. Formation of corrosion layers on the bronze samples was carried out in concentrated hydrochloric acid vapors with the addition of sand. The radio-frequency hydrogen plasma was generated in the flowing regime at a pressure of 160 Pa. Different values of supplied power were chosen as well as different discharge modes: continuous or pulsed mode with varied duty cycles. By the combination of supplied power and mode factors, we selected two values of effective power. The process of plasma chemical reduction was monitored by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and simultaneously, the sample temperature was measured. Rotational temperatures were calculated from OH radicals spectra. Changes in the structure and elemental composition were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX).
Effects of acetylation and formalization on the dynamic water vapor sorption behavior of wood
Authors: Himmel Sarah , Mai Carsten
Published: November 2014

The dynamic water vapor sorption of untreated, acetylated (Wac), and formaldehyde-treated (WFA) Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood was studied in a dynamic vapor sorption apparatus to assess the effects of cell wall bulking and cross-linking. Both modifications resulted in a considerable reduction of reduced equilibrium moisture content (EMCR), the corresponding equilibrium times, and hysteresis in the hydroscopic range of wood. Acetylation reduced the adsorption and desorption of water at each given relative humidity (RH) step from 0% to 95% RH, whereas formalization affected the sorption behavior of wood solely above 20% RH. From 20% to 95% RH, the EMC ratio of WFA to its control steadily decreased, whereas the EMC ratio of Wac was still constant in this RH range. Below 20% RH, the sorption behavior of Wac was governed by hydroxyl blocking, whereas that of WFA was hardly influenced compared with the control. Above 20% RH, the sorption behavior of Wac was solely determined by cell wall bulking, whereas that of WFA was governed by the increased matrix stiffness due to the cross-linking of cell wall polymers.
Reproducibility of a 75G oral glucose tolerance test in pregnant women
Authors: Bonongwe Phylos , Lindow Stephen W. , Coetzee Edward J.
Published: November 2014

To determine the reproducibility of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

A retrospective study of 205 women who underwent screening for gestational diabetes.

A university teaching hospital in a South African city.

Women who had an abnormal OGTT had the test repeated during the same pregnancy without any diabetic or dietary advice given in the intervening time period.

Women with two OGTTs in the same pregnancy had a proforma completed at the time. Completed proformas were filed and reviewed for the purpose of this study.

The κ statistic was used for estimating the agreement between repeated tests using the same nominal or dichotomous scale.

The OGTT was repeated during the index pregnancy in 205 women and in a subset of 76 women within 17 days. The κ statistic was 0.269 for 205 women and 0.212 for 76 women for the fasting glucose value (fair strength of agreement). The κ statistic for the 2-h glucose value was 0.157 for 205 patients and 0.174 for 76 patients (slight strength of agreement). The overall OGGT classification produced κ statistics of 0.167 and 0.150 for the whole group and the 76 patients, respectively.

The reproducibility was better with the fasting glucose and less with the 2-h result and the overall OGGT classification. Caution needs to be exercised when interpreting the single positive result of an OGTT in pregnant women.