bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Improves the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment of Bladder Cancer and Increases the Sensitivity to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Luo Hao , Liu Gao-Lei , Jian Dan , Liang Dan-Dan , Li Xue-Mei , Zhong Li , Yang Bo , Jiang Jun , Wang Dong , Li Meng-Xia , Lan Wei-Hua , Dai Nan
Published: July 2022

Although tumor immune microenvironment plays an important role in antitumor therapy, few studies explored the gene signatures associated with the tumor immune microenvironment of bladder cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We examined and analyzed differentially expressed genes from 9 patients with stage I-III bladder cancer by RNA immune-oncology profiling platform. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the expressions of 43 genes in 19 pathways and 10 genes in 5 pathways were upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy also promoted the expression of genes related to the activation of antitumor immune responses and decreased the expression of genes related to tumor proliferation pathways. In addition, neoadjuvant chemotherapy improved tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade. Furthermore, this study also identified several genes that can be used to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and their possible molecular mechanisms. In conclusion, neoadjuvant chemotherapy may promote the activation of antitumor effects, improve the suppressive tumor immune microenvironment, and increase the sensitivity of bladder cancer to immune checkpoint blockade.
Preclinical Development of [211At]meta- astatobenzylguanidine ([211At]MABG) as an Alpha Particle Radiopharmaceutical Therapy for Neuroblastoma
Authors: Batra Vandana , Samanta Minu , Makvandi Mehran , Groff David , Martorano Paul , Elias Jimmy , Ranieri Pietro , Tsang Matthew , Hou Catherine , Li Yimei , Pawel Bruce , Martinez Daniel , Vaidyanathan Ganesan , Carlin Sean , Pryma Daniel A. , Maris John M.
Published: July 2022

Purpose:

[131I]meta-iodobenzylguanidine ([131I]MIBG) is a targeted radiotherapeutic administered systemically to deliver beta particle radiation in neuroblastoma. However, relapses in the bone marrow are common. [211At]meta-astatobenzylguanidine ([211At] MABG) is an alpha particle emitter with higher biological effectiveness and short path length which effectively sterilizes microscopic residual disease. Here we investigated the safety and antitumor activity [211At]MABG in preclinical models of neuroblastoma.

Experimental Design:

We defined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), biodistribution, and toxicity of [211At]MABG in immunodeficient mice in comparison with [131I]MIBG. We compared the antitumor efficacy of [211At]MABG with [131I]MIBG in three murine xenograft models. Finally, we explored the efficacy of [211At]MABG after tail vein xenografting designed to model disseminated neuroblastoma.

Results:

The MTD of [211At]MABG was 66.7 MBq/kg (1.8 mCi/kg) in CB17SC scid−/− mice and 51.8 MBq/kg (1.4 mCi/kg) in NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ (NSG) mice. Biodistribution of [211At]MABG was similar to [131I]MIBG. Long-term toxicity studies on mice administered with doses up to 41.5 MBq/kg (1.12 mCi/kg) showed the radiotherapeutic to be well tolerated. Both 66.7 MBq/kg (1.8 mCi/kg) single dose and fractionated dosing 16.6 MBq/kg/fraction (0.45 mCi/kg) × 4 over 11 days induced marked tumor regression in two of the three models studied. Survival was significantly prolonged for mice treated with 12.9 MBq/kg/fraction (0.35 mCi/kg) × 4 doses over 11 days [211At]MABG in the disseminated disease (IMR-05NET/GFP/LUC) model (P = 0.003) suggesting eradication of microscopic disease.

Conclusions:

[211At]MABG has significant survival advantage in disseminated models of neuroblastoma. An alpha particle emitting radiopharmaceutical may be effective against microscopic disseminated disease, warranting clinical development.
Cyber attack awareness and prevention in network security
Authors: Mohamad Fadli Zolkipli , Yong Shu See , Kee Low Kai , Ching Gan Hui
Published: July 2022

This article aims to provide an overview of cyber attack awareness and prevention in network security. This article discussed the different types of cyber attacks, current trends of cyber attacks, how to prevent cyber attacks and uum students' awareness of cyber attacks. First, we will go over the different types of cyber attack, current trend, impact of cyber attack and the prevention. The approach entailed comparing and observing the outcomes of 13 different papers. The survey's findings would demonstrate the results obtained after analyzing the data collection which are the questionnaire filled out by respondents after watching the cyber attack awareness video to improve awareness of students through the cyber attack. Depending on the outcome of this survey, we will have a better understanding of current students' knowledge and awareness of cyber attacks, allowing us to improve students' understanding of cyber threats and the necessity of cyber security.
Milestone of the most used maximum power point tracking in solar harvesting system
Authors: Sutikno Tole , Subrata Arsyad Cahya , Jopri Mohd Hatta
Published: July 2022

Solar harvesting system with photovoltaic (PV) is one of the most desirable renewable energy sources because of its prominent advantages. However, low efficiency due to fluctuating output power is a major problem for PV systems. A technique used to maximize power extraction known as maximum power point tracking (MPPT) has been proposed by various literature to deal with this problem. One of the most widely developed MPPT methods due to its ease of implementation is perturb and observe (P&O). Since the initial discovery of the principle, the P&O method has been extensively modified including the fixed step-size: step-size variables, partial shading, threshold module current, three-point-comparison, maximization of dynamic performance, minimization of dynamic performance, bandwidth of 𝑃 − 𝑉 curve, decoupling, observation of 𝑑𝑉, 𝑑𝐼, and 𝑑𝑃, datasheet parameters, curve fitting, voltage hold P&O, and observation of 𝑑𝑉 and 𝑑𝑃. This paper presents the development of the P&O method from the initial principle to the end as a reference source for readers. The hope is that a new easy and robust P&O method as a complement to the implementation of the MPPT technique is developed in the solar harvesting system.
Online induction motor rotor time constant estimation using perturbation-based extremum seeking control
Authors: Kojabadi Hossein Madadi , Chang Liuchen
Published: July 2022

A novel online induction motor (IM) rotor time constant estimator based on a perturbation-based extremum seeking control (ESC) and model reference adaptive system (MRAS) is proposed. Since implementations of fieldoriented control (FOC) requires accurate values of IM parameters, such as rotor time constant, so accurate and robust on-line estimations of such parameters are crucial for any modern industrial IM drives. The proposed MRAS estimator employs ESC method to estimate the IM rotor resistance in various operating conditions. Meanwhile, since extremum seeking control is a model-free scheme, so it is robust to other IM parameter variations. The feasibility and effectiveness of the IM rotor resistance estimation by utilizing ESC scheme has been verified by simulation and experimental results. A 2.2 kW experimental setup has been implemented.
A nonlinear model for a three-phase 12/8 switched reluctance machine
Authors: Yankov Dimitar Kirov , Grigorova Tsvetana Grigorova
Published: July 2022

The paper presents a methodology for the synthesis of a nonlinear model for a three-phase 12/8 switched reluctance machine (SRM) in a MATLAB/Simulink environment. The required switched reluctance motor characteristics are derived using the finite element analysis (FEA). Graphical and tabular results of the relations flux/current/position, current/torque/position, and inductance/current/position used to create the SRM model are presented. The structure of the nonlinear three-phase 12/8 SRM model is discussed and its implementation in Simulink is presented. A series of simulation and experimental results are performed to verify the accuracy of the built three-phase, 12/8 SRM (H55PWBKM-1844) nonlinear model. A very good alignment between simulation and experimental results is observed.
Wireless power transmission of mobile robot for target tracking
Authors: Krithika Vaidyanathan , Nandhini Murugan , Subramani Chinnamuthu , Rao Santhosh Rani Manoji , Sundaresan Karpaga Meenakshi , Kumar Senthil Kiran , Naresh Hemadri
Published: July 2022

The system is novel approach to combine wireless power transmission system (WPT) and automated guided vehicle (AGV). The wireless power transfer for charging the mobile robot is implemented using inductive coupling method. The system setup consists of transmitter coils whose switching action is controlled through transistors, receiver coil connected to full ridge rectifier and mobile robot. The track consists of number of transmitter coil which transmits power in form of electromagnetic waves. The receivers in the robot, which receives these waves and converts it back to electric power to charge the battery. The robot tracks its target destination based on the user command from the smart phone through Bluetooth. Very few theoretical researches are available on this field. A prototype was developed and tested based on the researches. The system achieves good range but falls short in efficiency to charge a battery, charging of battery takes longer time than regular charging time. Further research and extensive exploration can bring this technology from theory to practice.
The design of energy storage based on thermoelectric generator and bidirectional converter
Authors: Ayop Razman , Tan Chee Wei , Bukar Abba Lawan , Jusoh Awang , Muhamad Nik Din , Nasir Syed Norazizul Syed
Published: July 2022

Energy storage plays an important role in the future of the power system. There are a lot of energy storage system (ESS) available and thermal energy storage shows a promising future. Conventionally, this system is based on a steam generator that converts heat energy to electrical energy and an electrical heater to convert electrical energy to heat energy. Nonetheless, there is still no proper ESS based on the thermoelectric generator (TEG), which can convert directly heat energy to electrical energy and vice versa. This paper proposed a power converter with a new controller for the thermal ESS based on the TEG. The bidirectional converter and the modified perturb and observe method are used to manage the energy transfer at the TEG. The thermal energy storage is based on the sensible approach, where the heat energy causes the temperature to increase. The results show that the thermal ESS based on the TEG is feasible since the energy can be stored and released from the proposed system.
Development of self-charging unmanned aerial vehicle system using inductive approach
Authors: Hasan Khairul Kamarudin , Saat Shakir , Yusop Yusmarnita , Awal Md Rabiul
Published: July 2022

This paper presents an alternative approach to power up unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system using inductive approach. The main issue of utilizing UAV in any application especially in precision agriculture is the lifetime of the battery. This limits the flight time of the UAV which makes the system is unable to be efficiently applied for precision agriculture purpose. Hence, this paper proposes a new approach of powering UAV system by using so called inductive power transfer (IPT) technology. Through this approach, the system can be powered up wirelessly with no physical link in between transmitter and receiver. To be specific, class E inverter circuit has been designed together with impedance matching circuit to ensure higher efficiency is obtained. Finally, a prototype of IPT system for powering up the UAV system was successfully developed, which is able to transmit 23.32 W of power at 1 MHz operating frequency from 12 V input supply. The system achieved up to 95.73% efficiency.
Ensemble of constraint handling techniques for PV parameter extraction using differential evolutionary algorithms
Authors: Puttaramaiah Ashwini Kumari , Geethanjali Purushothaman
Published: July 2022

The depletion of fossil fuels and rising environmental concerns have paved the way for the development of clean renewable energy sources. Photovoltaic (PV) cells are represented by electrical equivalent circuits. Finding the right circuit model parameters for PV cells is critical task. Estimating accurate parameters helps in better performance assessment, control, efficiency calculation and maximum power point tracking. This manuscript describes a new approach for obtaining PV system parameters using ensemble of constraint handling techniques (ECHT) with evolutionary algorithms (EA). Four distinguished technologies of solar PV cells are considered to estimate the parameters with best accuracy. Experiments reveal that ECHT outperforms each individual constraint handling approach by competing with state-of-the-art algorithms. The experimental data for these Kyocera cells is compared with estimated values obtained from the proposed algorithm using MATLAB 2021B for different irradiation. The performance plots show excellent match between the real and simulated values. The root mean square error (RMSE) values for research tax credit RTC France were found to be 7.325513*10-4 and Kyocera processing the normalize RMSE of 0.414%. On comparison with recent algorithms the proposed method achieves the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) meeting the main objective of proposed work.
A robust new full control strategy without FOANR based on substitution method against nonlinear DFIG model for wind application
Authors: Othmane Boughazi , Abdesselam Bouiri , Cherif Benoudjafer
Published: July 2022

In order to control the output power of wind application (WA) based on doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). The simple control (SC) strategy based on approaches via flux orientation and neglecting resistance (FOANR) to decoupled axes is the most common used in many previous studies, However this strategy FOANR present a linear synthesis, mainly to control DFIG simple model sensitive to internal and external disturbances, This research paper contribute to developed a robust new full control (FC) strategy based on substitution method (SM) to solving nonlinear coupled axes without FOANR to control nonlinear DFIG model, we use a proportional-integral (PI) controller by the most efficient method: indirect with double loop on each axis to control powers generated by DFIG and stator current directly, we check its performance and efficient compared to the same controller based on flux FOANR against DFIG nonlinear model.
Cardamine karol-marholdii (Cardamineae; Brassicaceae), a remarkable new species from Mexico
Authors: AL-SHEHBAZ IHSAN A.
Published: July 2022

Cardamine karol-marholdii, a new species from Oaxaca, Mexico, is unique and readily distinguishable from all members of the tribe Cardamineae by having strongly flexuous raceme rachis and short-node stems that become woody in subsequent seasons and roughened by the persistent, thickened petiolar bases. It also has pinnatisect leaves with linear, adaxially slightly grooved, short lobes usually overlapping along most of their length.
A new species of Pseudolagarobasidium from Brazil and new insights on Cerrena (Basidiomycota, Cerrenaceae)
Authors: WESTPHALEN MAURO C. , MOTATO-VÁSQUEZ VIVIANA
Published: July 2022

In this study, Pseudolagarobasidium pallens sp. nov. is proposed based on morphological and phylogenetic studies. Specimens were collected in Brazil and used for DNA sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer and the large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene. The basidiomes of P. pallens are characterized by a pale cream coloration when fresh, hydnoid hymenophore with long teeth and thin whitish context. Microscopically, it differs from other related species by the larger basidiospores (4.6–)4.9–6.4(–6.8) × 3.2–4.5 µm. Phylogenetically, it is closely related to P. belizense. We also provide sequences of the Brazilian species Cerrena cystidiata for the first time and confirm that is closely related to the generic type C. unicolor. A taxonomic key to all species currently accepted in Pseudolagarobasidium and a brief discussion on the family Cerrenaceae as well as a comparison table of all its genera are also presented.
Reading the Juggler of Notre Dame
Authors: Ziolkowski Jan M.
Published: July 2022

In this two-part anthology, Jan M. Ziolkowski builds on themes uncovered in his earlier The Juggler of Notre Dame and the Medievalizing of Modernity. Here he focuses particularly on the performing arts.

Part one contextualises Our Lady’s Tumbler, a French poem of the late 1230s, by comparing it with episodes in the Bible and miracles in a wide variety of medieval European sources. It relates this material to analogues and folklore across the ages from, among others, Persian, Jewish and Hungarian cultures. Part two scrutinizes the reception and impact of the poem with reference to modern European and American literature, including works by the Nobel prize-winner Anatole France, professor-poet Katharine Lee Bates, philosopher-historian Henry Adams and poet W.H. Auden.

This innovative collection of sources introduces readers to many previously untranslated texts, and invites them to explore the journey of Our Lady’s Tumbler across both sides of the Atlantic.

Reading the Juggler of Notre Dame: Medieval Miracles and Modern Remakings will benefit scholars and students alike. The short introductions and numerous annotations shed light on unusual beliefs and practices of the past, making the readings accessible to anyone with an interest in the arts and an openness to the Middle Ages.
A Variational Interpolation Method for Gridding Weather Radar Data
Authors: Brook Jordan P. , Protat Alain , Soderholm Joshua S. , Warren Robert A. , McGowan Hamish
Published: July 2022

Observations made by weather radars play a central role in many aspects of meteorological research and forecasting. These applications commonly require that radar data be supplied on a Cartesian grid, necessitating a coordinate transformation and interpolation from the radar’s native spherical geometry using a process known as gridding. In this study, we introduce a variational gridding method and, through a series of theoretical and real data experiments, show that it outperforms existing methods in terms of data resolution, noise filtering, spatial continuity, and more. Known problems with existing gridding methods (Cressman weighted average and nearest neighbor/linear interpolation) are also underscored, suggesting the potential for substantial improvements in many applications involving gridded radar data, including operational forecasting, hydrological retrievals, and three-dimensional wind retrievals.
Negative Lymph Node Is an Independent Prognostic Factor for Stage III Gastric Cancer Patients After Curative Gastrectomy: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Based Study
Authors: Liu Linmei , Ren Jigang , Wang Guan , Cui Yingjuan , Li Fang , Wang Daxue , Lei Xiao
Published: July 2022

Background

Negative lymph node (NLN)’ s prognostic impact on stage III gastric cancer (GC) patients after curative gastrectomy has not been rigorously studied. We aimed to explore the relationship between NLNs count and outcomes of stage III GC patients.

Methods

We retrospectively investigated stage III gastric cancer cases between 2008 and 2018 from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Variables were compared by chi2 test. Kaplan-Meier methods and COX proportional hazard models were used to ascertain independent prognostic factors. Survival differences among the subgroups were analyzed to assess the effects of NLN count on overall survival (OS) in stage III GC patients.

Results

2373 patients with curative gastrectomy for stage III GC were identified. Univariate analysis demonstrated that NLNs count >14 was associated better 5-year OS (43.7% VS 23.1%, P< .001) comparing with the NLNs count ≤ 14. Subgroup analysis showed that the NLNs count could predict survival in both node-negative and node-positive patients. Multivariate analysis revealed NLNs count is an independent prognostic factor.

Conclusions

The NLNs count is an independent prognostic factor for survival in stage III gastric cancer patients after curative gastrectomy and should be recommended for clinical applications.
Retrospective Comparison of Cefdinir, Cephalexin, and Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim in the Treatment of Outpatient Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Cardinale Brianna , Zembles Tracy N , Ray Katie , Bushee Glenn , Liegl Melodee , Simpson Pippa , Mitchell Michelle
Published: July 2022

This retrospective single-center study included children aged 2 months to 18 years who were prescribed an oral antibiotic for microbiologically confirmed urinary tract infection (UTI). The primary outcomes were re-encounter to the hospital, emergency department, or urgent care within 30 days and modification of the antibiotic regimen within 14 days. Development of Clostridioides difficile ( C difficile) infection or new allergic reaction to the antibiotic prescribed was the secondary outcome. The sample included 2685 children. Rates of re-encounter were similar regardless of the initial antibiotic prescribed ( P = .88), and patients who received cefdinir had a lower rate of medication changes (5%) compared with both cephalexin (14%) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (15%) ( P ≤ .001). The most common reason for medication change was susceptibility interpretation. Given its low side-effect profile and narrow spectrum compared with the alternatives, cephalexin appears to be a reasonable choice as first-line therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated pediatric UTI.
Food, multiplicity and imperialism: Patterns of domination and subversion in the modern international system
Authors: Colás Alejandro
Published: July 2022

This article mobilises the notion of global food regime to explore ways in which modern International Relations are reproduced through distinctive patterns of alimentary domination and subversion. It considers three ideal-typical international encounters – the Spanish conquest of the Americas, British rule in South Asia and the US occupation of Japan – to offer a stylised historical-sociological comparison of how food becomes a powerful site of interaction between conflicting dynamics of social differentiation and incorporation, segregation and admixture, and domination and subversion. The Spanish, British and Americans deployed different strategies of alimentary domination in these contexts, which can in large measure be explained with reference to their prevailing mode of production. But they also unleashed equally potent forces of culinary adaptation, transculturation and innovation which, in bringing together a multiplicity of foodways, subverted both the rigid structures of imperial rule and notions of a pristine pre-colonial or national cultural traditions.
For Whom Do Unstructured Activities Matters? The Interaction Between Unstructured and Structured Activities in Delinquency and Cannabis Use: A National Self-Report Study
Authors: Svensson Robert , Moeller Kim , Johnson Björn , Shannon David
Published: July 2022

This study examines whether unstructured and structured activities interact in their association with delinquency and cannabis use. We hypothesize that unstructured activities are more strongly associated with delinquency and cannabis use for those who are less engaged in structured activities. Data are drawn from three nationally representative self-report studies conducted between 2005 and 2011 in Sweden, and include 19,644 adolescents. The results support the hypothesis that unstructured activities interact with structured activities in the association with delinquency and cannabis use. The association between unstructured activities and these outcomes is stronger for those with lower levels of structured activities. Sporting activities constitute the structured activity that most clearly interacts with unstructured activities in the association with delinquency and cannabis use.
The Impact and Detection of Uniform Differential Item Functioning for Continuous Item Response Models
Authors: Finch W. Holmes
Published: July 2022

Psychometricians have devoted much research and attention to categorical item responses, leading to the development and widespread use of item response theory for the estimation of model parameters and identification of items that do not perform in the same way for examinees from different population subgroups (e.g., differential item functioning [DIF]). With the increasing use of computer-based measurement, use of items with a continuous response modality is becoming more common. Models for use with these items have been developed and refined in recent years, but less attention has been devoted to investigating DIF for these continuous response models (CRMs). Therefore, the purpose of this simulation study was to compare the performance of three potential methods for assessing DIF for CRMs, including regression, the MIMIC model, and factor invariance testing. Study results revealed that the MIMIC model provided a combination of Type I error control and relatively high power for detecting DIF. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Sensemaking and Creativity at Work When Employees are Coping with Traumatic Life Experiences: Implications for Positive Organizational Change
Authors: Yuan Feirong
Published: July 2022

Traumatic life experiences occur when individuals experience life-threatening or other similarly dis-stressful events in life. Much literature discussed the negative implications of traumatic life experiences. I argue, in contrast, that individuals can also demonstrate resilience toward traumatic life experiences by performing creatively at work in some situations. Drawing from positive organizational scholarship and a sensemaking perspective, I propose a conceptual model to examine the processes and conditions that help employees engage in work creativity activities while they are coping with traumatic incidents in another aspect of life. Importantly, I contend that this engagement can enable employees to bring creative insight to work, develop a resilient self-concept, and shape the future organizational discourse on trauma and resilience. The proposed model contributes to a better understanding of employees’ work creativity as a constructive response to traumatic experiences and provides directions for positive organizational changes that support these responses.
Washed to the Edges: Renewing the Practice of Footwashing
Authors: Zentner-Barrett Joshua
Published: July 2022

The footwashing ritual on Maundy Thursday is often greeted with a mixture of emotions by congregations of all kinds. Neither ordinance nor sacrament, it is one of the more puzzling practices of the church. Its unique appearance in the Gospel of John sets up Jesus’ glorification on the cross—and calls Christians to the same. This paper—in four sections—examines the footwashing as a rite of passage, drawing on the ritual theory of Arnold van Gennep and Victor Turner. The first section offers a study of the theological implications of John 13:1–20. In the second section, these implications are examined in the context of the ritual's liturgical history. The third section introduces certain ritual theories and uses the Johannine passage to exemplify them. Finally, the fourth section discusses this analysis in relation to the church's liturgical practice, specifically its connection to baptism. The relationship between baptism and footwashing offers insights into ways of making the ritual into a transformative, liminal encounter with God, rather than just a performance.
This is My Learner, Not My Patient: Addressing Concerns in Learners With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Cadick Amber , Haymaker Christopher , McGuire Nicole
Published: July 2022

With the increasing number of medical students diagnosed with adult ADHD, residency programs face an imperative task to handle accommodations effectively. As medical residents occupy unique roles as learners and employees, defining a clear process to protect residents and programs can be challenging. This article will review legal requirements, disclosure processes, and sample accommodations that can help family medicine programs make sense of their responsibilities and support residents. Collaboration, clear boundaries, and effective documentation increase the likelihood of a predictable process to facilitate inclusion of learners with ADHD into graduate medical education and residency.
Mastoid Growth and the Configuration of Cochlear Implant Electrode Lead
Authors: Alhabib Salman F. , Almuhawas Fida , Hagr Abdulrahman , Alzhrani Farid , Hamed Nezar , Alenzi Saad , Abdelsamad Yassin , Dhanasingh Anandhan
Published: July 2022

Objectives

To study the changes in the coiled configuration of electrode excess lead in the mastoid cavity in the cochlear implant recipients over time.

Methods

Post-operative CT scans at two different appointments of fourteen patients with cochlear implants (CI) were retrospectively analyzed using a DICOM viewer software (3D-slicer). Mastoid thickness (MT) was measured in the oblique coronal plane from the round window (RW) entrance to the mastoid edge and inter-cochlear distance (ICD) was measured in the axial plane at the fundus level between two ears. 3D segmentation of the entire inner ear of both sides and coiled electrode excess lead was performed to visually compare the changes in coiled configuration between the two CT scan time points.

Result

MT and ICD increased logarithmically with the patient’s age, as has been measured from both the 1st and the 2nd CT scans and a weak linear correlation between MT and ICD was observed. Growth in MT and ICT measured between the time of 1st and 2nd CT scans showed a strong linear correlation. In eight cases, changes in the electrode excess lead have been observed in the 2nd CT scan, either a change in the coiling configuration of electrode excess lead or shifted laterally toward the mastoid edge. The ICD growth between the 1st and the 2nd CT scans was >2 mm in only seven cases and all of them were children. All other six cases had no observed changes in the coiled electrode lead. In addition, the mastoid growth between the 1st and the 2nd CT scan was >2.5 mm in only 4 cases.

Conclusion

Coiled configuration of electrode excess lead could change when the MT and ICD increased over time.
Pain management after tonsillectomy—by demand or by-the-clock—is there a difference?
Authors: Gostian Magdalena , Stilkerich Lisa , Pauly Anne , Waldfahrer Frank , Balk Matthias , Rupp Robin , Allner Moritz , Iro Heinrich , Gostian Antoniu-Oreste
Published: July 2022

Purpose

To improve pain management after tonsillectomy (TE) by comparing individual analgesic management by demand versus a fixed-scheduled analgesic treatment protocol in a prospective trial.

Patients and Methods

Forty consecutive patients received individual pain treatment by demand (control group) followed by 40 patients who were treated by a fixed-scheduled four-staged escalating analgesic protocol (intervention group) after TE. Minimum and maximum pain as well as pain on ambulation (NRS 0-10) on the first postoperative day were defined as primary objectives. Secondary endpoints comprised the analgesic score, treatment-related side effects/pain-associated impairments, wish for more pain medication, and patient satisfaction. Patients were surveyed using the standardized and validated “Quality Improvement in Postoperative Pain Treatment” (QUIPS) questionnaire.

Results

Patients of the control group reported comparable minimum (2.03 ± 1.42 vs 2.38 ± 1.79, P = 0.337, r = 0.110) and maximum pain (6.65 ± 2.10 vs 6.93 ± 1.86, P = 0.536, r = 0.07) and pain on ambulation (4.73 ± 2.26 vs 5.18 ± 2.19, P = 0.370, r = 0.10) compared to the intervention group. Patients in both groups were comparably well satisfied with the pain treatment (7.53 ± 2.40 vs 7.73 ± 2.30, P = 0.704, r = 0.04), experienced similar side effects and functional impairments ( P > 0.050, Φ < 0.3), and did not ask for much more analgesic medication ( P = 0.152, Φ = 0.160).

Conclusion

Pain control following TE was not distinctly affected by applying a fixed-scheduled analgesic treatment protocol compared to individual analgesic therapy. In conclusion, analgesic treatment after TE remains unsatisfying. Consequently, further efforts are needed to achieve a standardized and effective approach to the underlying pathophysiological causes of pain following TE.
Framing safety of women in public transport: A media discourse analysis of sexual harassment cases in Bangladesh
Authors: Mowri Seama , Bailey Ajay
Published: July 2022

This paper analyzes the role of print media in framing incidences of sexual harassment in public transport; particularly in the context of Bangladesh, where gender-based violence is highly prevalent in the public sphere. This article uses Douglas’ cultural theory to reflect on media practices and its institutional power to reframe the social problem through risk and blame attribution. We conducted a discourse analysis of 71 news articles extracted from four of the widely circulated and influential newspapers of Bangladesh. Our findings reveal that the hegemonic discourse of gender-based violence in public transport is systemic and/or primarily reliant on legal recourse. By contrast, discourses presenting sexual harassment as symptomatic of broader gender inequality is less frequent. Moreover, these media platforms belong to an assemblage of patriarchal social-power holders that collaborate with established law and order to facilitate a blame game, thereby relieving the same stakeholders of ownership and accountability. Given the power of news media in constructing meta-narratives of safety (and nudging policymakers), journalists must tread responsibly on issues of blame, women’s safety, and their rights to the city.
Towards the engagement economy: interconnected processes of commodification on YouTube
Authors: Ørmen Jacob , Gregersen Andreas
Published: July 2022

A dominant way for digital platforms to generate revenue has been through the sale of audiences to advertisers encapsulated by the idea of the attention economy. This model has been challenged in recent years due to competitive and political pressures on platforms. In this paper, we use YouTube as a case to understand how processes of commodification are changing on digital platforms. We demonstrate that YouTube furthers the commodification of content, audiences and creative labour by cultivating commercial interactions, standardising exchange mechanisms and constructing systems of trust. The platform enables producers and retailers to sell digital and physical goods to users, advertisers to capture audiences’ interest and brands to establish partnerships with producers. In sum, we show how YouTube not only monetises attention but commodifies all forms of engagement through its marketplaces with consequences for the precarity of users and producers on the platform.
Anatomising the impact of ResearchGate followers and followings on influence identification
Authors: Desai Mitali , Mehta Rupa G , Rana Dipti P
Published: July 2022

Influence analysis, derived from Social Network Analysis (SNA), is extremely useful in academic literature analytic. Different Academic Social Network Sites (ASNS) have been widely examined for influence analysis in terms of co-authorship and co-citation networks. The impact of other network-based features, such as followers and followings, provided by ASNS such as ResearchGate (RG) and Academia is yet to be anatomised. As proven in ingrained social theories, the followers and followings have significant impact in influence prorogation. This research aims at examining the same in one of the widely adopted ASNS, RG. The rendering process is developed to render real-time RG information, which is modelled into graph. Standard centrality measures are implemented to identify influential users from the constructed RG graph. Each centrality measure gives a list of top- k influential RG users. The results are compared with RGScore and Total Research Interest (TRI) to discover the most effective centrality measure. Betweenness and closeness centrality measures have shown the outperforming results compared with others. A procedure is established to discover influential RG users that are commonly present in all top- k centrality results to identify dominant skills, affiliations, departments and locations from the rendered data.
E-learning during the COVID-19 lockdown: An interview study with primary school music teachers in Italy
Authors: Biasutti Michele , Antonini Philippe Roberta , Schiavio Andrea
Published: July 2022

The present article provides an in-depth look at the strategies and practices developed by a cohort of primary school music teachers in Italy to deliver online music lessons during the COVID-19 lockdown. We used a qualitative methodology based on semi-structured interviews to bring out our participants’ voices and reflections in a very personal manner and examine their perspectives on issues important to their profession and daily work. We were interested in investigating which practices and strategies were used or developed to deal with the difficulties and positive aspects characterising their experiences as teachers during the lockdown period. A focus was put on lesson planning, time management, student involvement, and information and communication technology (ICT) skills. Qualitative data were analysed using an inductive method based on grounded theory, giving rise to the five following dimensions: classroom activities; the role of the school and staff members; teachers’ interactions with children and their parents; positive outcomes; unresolved challenges. Participants discussed how they used ICT and managed their classes remotely, provided vivid descriptions of their professional relationships with colleagues and students, and reflected on the advantages and disadvantages of teaching music remotely, pointing to new ways to improve current teaching methodologies.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of augmentation and combination treatments for early-stage treatment-resistant depression
Authors: Scott Fraser , Hampsey Elliot , Gnanapragasam Sam , Carter Ben , Marwood Lindsey , Taylor Rachael W , Emre Cansu , Korotkova Lora , Martín-Dombrowski Jonatan , Cleare Anthony J , Young Allan H , Strawbridge Rebecca
Published: July 2022

Background:

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly burdensome health condition, for which there are numerous accepted pharmacological and psychological interventions. Adjunctive treatment (augmentation/combination) is recommended for the ~50% of MDD patients who do not adequately respond to first-line treatment. We aimed to evaluate the current evidence for concomitant approaches for people with early-stage treatment-resistant depression (TRD; defined below).

Methods:

We systematically searched Medline and Institute for Scientific Information Web of Science to identify randomised controlled trials of adjunctive treatment of ⩾10 adults with MDD who had not responded to ⩾1 adequate antidepressant. The cochrane risk of bias (RoB) tool was used to assess study quality. Pre-post treatment meta-analyses were performed, allowing for comparison across heterogeneous study designs independent of comparator interventions.

Results:

In total, 115 trials investigating 48 treatments were synthesised. The mean intervention duration was 9 weeks (range 5 days to 18 months) with most studies assessed to have low ( n = 57) or moderate ( n = 51) RoB. The highest effect sizes (ESs) were from cognitive behavioural therapy (ES = 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09–2.07), (es)ketamine (ES = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.23–1.73) and risperidone (ES = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.29–1.61). Only aripiprazole and lithium were examined in ⩾10 studies. Pill placebo (ES = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.81–0.98) had a not inconsiderable ES, and only six treatments’ 95% CIs did not overlap with pill placebo’s (aripiprazole, (es)ketamine, mirtazapine, olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone). We report marked heterogeneity between studies for almost all analyses.

Conclusions:

Our findings support cautious optimism for several augmentation strategies; although considering the high prevalence of TRD, evidence remains inadequate for each treatment option.
Efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection versus radiofrequency ablation for single hepatocellular carcinoma no larger than 5 cm
Authors: Yang Ping , Li Ningjie
Published: July 2022

Objective

To compare the efficacy of percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of no larger than 5 cm.

Methods

The data used in this study were retrieved from the SEER database. In total, 3510 patients diagnosed with HCC of no larger than 5 cm who received PEI or RFA were included.

Results

The median overall survival (mOS) and median cancer-specific survival (mCSS) of RFA-treated patients were not significantly longer than those of PEI-treated patients either before or after propensity score matching (PSM). The subgroup analysis showed that patients with HCC of no larger than 2 cm, HCC of larger than 2 cm, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage I and II, and AJCC stage III and IV who received RFA had mOS and mCSS similar to those of patients who received PEI after PSM. Multivariable regression analysis showed that PEI did not increase the all-cause mortality risk or cancer-specific mortality risk after PSM.

Conclusion

RFA is still the better choice for patients with a single HCC of no more than 5 cm. However, PEI might be a good choice for these patients who cannot be treated with RFA.
Psychometric Properties of the Sexually Aggressive Behaviors Scale: Factor Structure, Reliability, and Construct Validity in a Sample of Portuguese Female College Students
Authors: Rosa Pedro J. , Brazão Nélio , Carvalho Joana
Published: July 2022

This study investigates the psychometric properties of the Sexually Aggressive Behaviors Scale (SABS) in a sample of 1,632 heterosexual Portuguese female college students, aged between 18 and 39 years old ( M = 22.40; SD = 4.31). The internal structure of the scale was investigated, along with analyses of the internal consistency, and validity evidence in relation to external variables. Participants completed an online survey that was disseminated using Portuguese universities’ mailing lists and social networks. Results supported a single factor solution consisting of 10 items. Evidence was gathered in favor of the internal consistency and convergent/discriminant validity in relation to other variables, such as rape myths, psychopathic traits, and perception of intimacy. This study adds to the evidence of the SABS being an appropriate evaluation tool with female college students, allowing the rigorous assessment of sexual violence as committed by community women against a reluctant male partner.
Dasiglucagon: A Novel Ready-to-Use Treatment for Severe Hypoglycemia
Authors: Goodhart Angela L.
Published: July 2022

Objective:

To review dasiglucagon, a novel glucagon analogue approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of severe hypoglycemia in 2021.

Data Sources:

A literature search using the PubMed database (current to March 2022) and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted using the search term dasiglucagon.

Study Selection and Data Extraction:

Relevant clinical data from English-language clinical trials were included.

Data Synthesis:

Dasiglucagon was studied in 3 clinical trials: 1 in patients aged 6 to 17 years and 2 in adults. In all 3 trials, dasiglucagon was found to provide clinically significant benefit in minutes to plasma glucose recovery compared with placebo (10 vs 40, P < 0.001; 10 vs 30, P < 0.001; 10 vs 35, P < 0.0001). Dasiglucagon was also comparable with reconstituted glucagon in plasma glucose recovery time measured from time of administration. The most common adverse events with dasiglucagon were nausea, vomiting, and headache; no serious safety events were observed.

Relevance to Patient Care and Clinical Practice:

Dasiglucagon is a novel glucagon analogue that is safe and effective for the treatment of severe hypoglycemia, and it is the first to be stable in aqueous solution. This makes dasiglucagon one of only 3 currently available glucagon treatment options that does not require reconstitution prior to administration.

Conclusions:

Dasiglucagon offers safe and effective treatment for severe hypoglycemia in patients aged 6 years and older. The stability of dasiglucagon in aqueous solution provides an additional option for emergency glucagon treatment that does not require reconstitution prior to administration.
Morphine Use in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Downstream P2Y12 Receptor Blockers—Insight From Observational Study
Authors: Roguin Ariel , Kobo Ofer , Meisel Simcha Ron , Maraga Emad , Frimerman Aaron , Amsalem Naama , Malka Rinat , Levi Yaniv , Fanne Rami Abu
Published: July 2022

Background and Aims:

Morphine use for patients presenting with NSTE-ACS is associated with excess mortality. However, the role of morphine in STE-ACS is ill characterized. We have recently confirmed direct prothrombotic effect of morphine using murine models. We sought to explore whether morphine use in STE-ACS patients, used to be scheduled for downstream P2Y12 blockers, is negatively associated with procedural and clinical outcomes.

Methods:

A single-center, observational retrospective analysis enrolling 130 non-randomized stable patients sustaining STE-ACS as their first manifestation of coronary disease, who presented between December 2010 and June 2013. All were managed by early invasive approach. Of study patients, 55 were treated by morphine, and 75 were not. All were administered downstream P2Y12 blockers according to an already abandoned local policy. Outcomes evaluated included TIMI grade flow, thrombus burden, ST-segment resolution, myocardial function by echocardiography, and cardiovascular death.

Results:

Morphine administration was associated with a significantly higher incidence of impaired final TIMI grade flow (TIMI < 3, 40% vs 4%, P < .05), lower incidence of ST-segment resolution >70% (40.7% vs 76.5%, P < .05), and a higher incidence of moderate or severe systolic dysfunction (48.1% vs 29.1%, P < .05) compared with morphine naive patients. Interestingly, the overall mortality rate was higher in the morphine-treated group (18% vs 5.3%, P < .05).

Conclusions and Relevance:

Morphine administration combined with the downstream P2Y12 blockers practice signify a group with a higher occurrence of impaired myocardial reperfusion and cardiovascular death despite established on-time primary angioplasty.
Case Report: Urinary Tract Infection in a Diabetic Postmenopausal Woman With Multiple Episodes of Recurrence: An Antimicrobial Susceptibility dispute
Authors: Khalid Farah , Bushra Rabia , Ghayas Sana , Mushtaque Madiha
Published: July 2022

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by bacteria growing in urine and affect kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra. Women with diabetes are at high risk of developing UTI. This is a case of a 60-year-old postmenopausal woman with uncontrolled type-I diabetes mellitus and hypertension, who presented with an acute onset of dysuria, burning micturition, and increased frequency. This case highlights the shortfall in the preliminary management plan of performing imperative clinical laboratory investigations including urine detailed report (DR), urine culture and sensitivity(C/S), and plasma glucose testing to initiate antimicrobial treatment. UTI requires to be treated precisely in diabetic patients with the help of a comprehensive diagnosis for signs of dysuria, frequent urination, and pelvic pain. The treatment of UTIs should always begin with culture and sensitivity analysis while the patient is symptomatic, to initiate antimicrobial treatment. Comorbidities should be managed appropriately during treatment to achieve desired therapeutic outcomes.