bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factorial Structure of Trunk Motor Qualities and Their Association with Explosive Movement Performance in Young Footballers
Authors: Tomčić Jasminka , Šarabon Nejc , Marković Goran
Published: May 2021

This study examined the factorial structure of trunk motor qualities and their associations with explosive muscular performance of football players. Ninety-one young male football players (age: 15–21 years; body height: 1.78 ± 0.07 m; body mass: 70.3 ± 7.5 kg) performed a series of tests: four standing and four seated isometric trunk strength tests, seven trunk power (medicine ball throwing) tests, four trunk endurance tests and four explosive movement performance tests. A principal component factor analysis (PCA) was used to determine the structure of trunk motor qualities, and correlational analyses were used to assess linear associations between trunk motor qualities and explosive performance. The PCA revealed four independent factors—trunk power, standing and seated isometric trunk strength, and trunk muscle endurance. Only trunk power had significant moderate, logically positive associations with sprint and vertical jump performance (common variance: 25–36%), while other associations between trunk motor factors and explosive movement performance were generally low to very low. These results indicate that trunk muscle functions of football players can be described with three independent motor qualities—trunk power, trunk strength and trunk muscle endurance, with only trunk power being moderately associated with players’ sprinting and jumping performance.
Vulnerability of the Landscape as a Tool for Determining a Suitable Model of Tourism Development
Authors: Vyskupová Monika , Krnáčová Zdena , Pavličková Katarína
Published: May 2021

Tourism is known as a developing human activity with major impacts on the local landscape as it produces significant anthropogenic pressure. In recent years, due to globalization and the growing economic power of the population of developed world, it has become one of the most important industries and has grown globally. Along with its development, its impacts on the environment are also growing in direct proportion. Therefore, new tourism models are being created which focus on the reduction in their adverse impacts. To design a proper model of tourism development that is sustainable and environmentally friendly, a complex knowledge of the local landscape is necessary. This paper presents a method for examining the actual state of the landscape and its thresholds by assessing its vulnerability to external impacts. The method is based on the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of landscape components perceived as primary receptors of the effects of anthropogenic activities. A comprehensive database on the landscape enables a transparent and complex evaluation of its current state and potential use. Moreover, it enables us to set its vulnerability, which represents the threshold value for suggesting the appropriate development activities, taking into account the preservation of its required quality for sustaining the points of interest for future tourists. The proposed method can help to determine the sustainable land use of the area and thus better design a model of tourism that is sustainable.
Impact of Green Training on Environmental Performance through Mediating Role of Competencies and Motivation
Authors: Yafi Eiad , Tehseen Shehnaz , Haider Syed Arslan
Published: May 2021

This work aims to examine the impact of green training on green environmental performance through the mediating role of green competencies and motivation on the adoption of green human resource management. The convenience sampling technique was employed to collect data through an online survey undertaken at public and private universities in Malaysia. The analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v.25 and Smart PLS v.3 software, with the aim of testing the predefined hypotheses. It was revealed that green training has a significant impact on green environmental performance, and all six dimensions of green competencies, namely, skills, abilities, knowledge, behavior, attitude and awareness, were also green motivations. Both green competencies and motivations positively and significantly mediated the relationship between green training and environmental performance.
Nitrogen Fertilization. A Review of the Risks Associated with the Inefficiency of Its Use and Policy Responses
Authors: Martínez-Dalmau Javier , Berbel Julio , Ordóñez-Fernández Rafaela
Published: May 2021

Nitrogen (N) is a key input to food production. Nearly half of N fertilizer input is not used by crops and is lost into the environment via emission of gases or by polluting water bodies. It is essential to achieve production levels, which enable global food security, without compromising environmental security. The N pollution level expected by 2050 is projected to be 150% higher than in 2010, with the agricultural sector accounting for 60% of this increase. In this paper, we review the status of the pollution from N fertilizers worldwide and make recommendations to address the situation. The analysis reviews the relationship between N fertilizer use, N use efficiency, no-point pollution, the role of farmer management practices, and policy approaches to address diffuse pollution caused by N fertilization. Several studies show a lack of information as one of the main hurdles to achieve changes in habits. The objective of this study is to highlight the gravity of the current global non-point pollution as well as the need for a communication effort to make farmers aware of the relationship between their activity and N pollution and, therefore, the importance of their fertilizer management practices.
Multi-Criteria Framework for Selection of City-Wide Sanitation Solutions in Coastal Towns in Northern Angola
Authors: Matos Rita Ventura , Ferreira Filipa , Alves Liliana , Ramos Elsa , Costa Lucrécio , Matos José Saldanha
Published: May 2021

In this paper, an expedited multi-criteria decision analysis framework, capable of tackling several dimensions for the choice of sanitation services, at an early planning stage is presented. The approach combines geographic information systems aided analysis for onsite solutions, with a multi-criteria decision analysis tool capable of suggesting and ranking several viable offsite treatment alternatives, according to the desired criteria. The framework was applied to four coastal cities in Northern Angola, one of the sub-Saharan countries of the west coast of Africa, thus obtaining an indication for city-wide solutions, as an aid to achieve the goal of ensuring full sanitation coverage in those four locations. It included possible onsite collection and storage interfaces, namely Ventilated Improved Pit latrines, fossa alterna, septic tanks or conventional sewer systems. The study also contributed to an informed decision regarding optimal offsite treatment facility type, namely based on dedicated or combined wastewater and faecal sludge treatment (co-treatment), as well as different options for locations and sanitation technologies. Alternatives were compared and ranked according to ten main criteria concerning social, economic, technological and environmental aspects. This work helped demonstrate the usefulness of decision-aiding tools in the multi-stakeholder and complex context of sanitation in a developing country.
Trilemma of Nordic–Baltic Forestry—How to Implement UN Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Högbom Lars , Abbas Dalia , Armolaitis Kęstutis , Baders Endijs , Futter Martyn , Jansons Aris , Jõgiste Kalev , Lazdins Andis , Lukminė Diana , Mustonen Mika , Øistad Knut , Poska Anneli , Rautio Pasi , Svensson Johan , Vodde Floor , Varnagirytė-Kabašinskienė Iveta , Weslien Jan , Wilhelmsson Lars , Zute Daiga
Published: May 2021

Forests are the dominant land cover in Nordic–Baltic countries, and forestry, the management of forests for improved ecosystem-service (ES) delivery, is an important contributor to sustainability. Forests and forestry support multiple United Nations Sustainability Goals (UN SDGs) and a number of EU policies, and can address conflicting environmental goals. Forests provide multiple ecosystem services and natural solutions, including wood and fibre production, food, clear and clean water and air, animal and plant habitats, soil formation, aesthetics, and cultural and social services. Carbon sequestered by growing trees is a key factor in the envisaged transition from a fossil-based to a biobased economy. Here, we highlight the possibilities of forest-based solutions to mitigate current and emerging societal challenges. We discuss forestry effects on forest ecosystems, focusing on the optimisation of ES delivery and the fulfilment of UN SDGs while counteracting unwanted effects. In particular, we highlight the trilemma of (i) increasing wood production to substitute raw fossil materials, (ii) increasing forest carbon storage capacity, and (iii) improving forest biodiversity and other ES delivery.
Development of an Online Tool for Tracking Soil Nitrogen to Improve the Environmental Performance of Maize Production
Authors: Preza-Fontes Giovani , Wang Junming , Umar Muhammad , Qi Meilan , Banger Kamaljit , Pittelkow Cameron , Nafziger Emerson
Published: May 2021

Freshwater nitrogen (N) pollution is a significant sustainability concern in agriculture. In the U.S. Midwest, large precipitation events during winter and spring are a major driver of N losses. Uncertainty about the fate of applied N early in the growing season can prompt farmers to make additional N applications, increasing the risk of environmental N losses. New tools are needed to provide real-time estimates of soil inorganic N status for corn (Zea mays L.) production, especially considering projected increases in precipitation and N losses due to climate change. In this study, we describe the initial stages of developing an online tool for tracking soil N, which included, (i) implementing a network of field trials to monitor changes in soil N concentration during the winter and early growing season, (ii) calibrating and validating a process-based model for soil and crop N cycling, and (iii) developing a user-friendly and publicly available online decision support tool that could potentially assist N fertilizer management. The online tool can estimate real-time soil N availability by simulating corn growth, crop N uptake, soil organic matter mineralization, and N losses from assimilated soil data (from USDA gSSURGO soil database), hourly weather data (from National Weather Service Real-Time Mesoscale Analysis), and user-entered crop management information that is readily available for farmers. The assimilated data have a resolution of 2.5 km. Given limitations in prediction accuracy, however, we acknowledge that further work is needed to improve model performance, which is also critical for enabling adoption by potential users, such as agricultural producers, fertilizer industry, and researchers. We discuss the strengths and limitations of attempting to provide rapid and cost-effective estimates of soil N availability to support in-season N management decisions, specifically related to the need for supplemental N application. If barriers to adoption are overcome to facilitate broader use by farmers, such tools could balance the need for ensuring sufficient soil N supply while decreasing the risk of N losses, and helping increase N use efficiency, reduce pollution, and increase profits.
Analysis of the Effects of Local Regulations on the Preservation of Water Resources Using the CA-Markov Model
Authors: Song Chul-Min
Published: May 2021

The analysis of the local regulation effects is required for sustainable and effective land utilization because land use/land cover (LULC) changes are not only determined by human activity but are also affected by national policy and regulation; however, previous studies for land use/land cover (LULC) have mainly been conducted on the LULC changes using past experience. This study, therefore, analyzed the effects of local regulations aimed at preserving the water quality in South Korea. To this end, changes in LULC were simulated using the CA-Markov model under conditions in which two local regulations, the special countermeasure area (SCA) and total maximum daily load (TMDL), were not applied and examined the differences between the simulated LULC and the actual LULC as of 2018. In addition, the differences in the generation of pollutant loads were driven for Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Nitrogen (TN), and Total Phosphorus (TP) using pollutant unit-load. As a result, without SCA, the agricultural area increased by 379.0 km2, the urban area decreased by 101.8 km2, and the meadow area decreased by 176.0 km2. In addition, without TMDL, the urban area increased by 169.2 km2 and the meadow area decreased to 158.8 km2.Differences in BOD, TN, and TP pollution loads without SCA applications were shown to decrease to 22,710.5 kg·km−2 day−1, 1133.9 kg·km−2 day−1, and 429.8 kg·km−2 day−1, respectively, while BOD, TN, and TP pollution loads without TMDL applications decreased to 14,435.7 kg·km−2 day−1, 2543.6 kg·km−2 day−1, and 368.2 kg·km−2 day−1, respectively. As such, this study presents a methodology for analyzing the effects of local regulations using the CA-Markov model, which can intuitively and efficiently examine the effects of regulations by predicting LULC changes.
Corporate Philanthropy Strategy and Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Yu Hui-Cheng , Kuo Lopin
Published: May 2021

This paper investigates the charitable giving of Chinese firms from the perspectives of four sustainable development goals (SDGs), including Economy, Operation, Harmony, and Management. By converting corporate financial data into four independent variables, namely Economy, Operation, Harmony, and Management, this study explores philanthropic giving for SDGs. The empirical evidence shows that corporate philanthropy has a significant and positive effect on Economy, Operation and Harmony, and it is negatively related to Management. This study finds that the sample firms would undertake some social responsibilities for the economic and political benefits of legitimization or corporate philanthropy.
GHG Emissions Assessment of Civil Construction Waste Disposal and Transportation Process in the Eastern Amazon
Authors: Maués Luiz Maurício , Beltrão Norma , Silva Isabela
Published: May 2021

The urbanization process represented by an increased supply of housing and transport infrastructure has taken place at an accelerated rate in several regions of Brazil, especially in the metropolitan areas of the Brazilian Amazon. Despite the existence of environmental policies that guide the proper disposal of civil construction waste (CCW) in Brazil, the impacts of these policies are still negligible, pointing to the need to establish other metrics such as the measurement of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in CO2eq associated with civil construction waste. This work aims to evaluate, in the second-largest city in the Brazilian Amazon, the environmental impact generated by the transportation of CCW to disposal sites, having as indicators the volume of this waste and the CO2 emissions produced during a whole year. A literature review on life cycle carbon emissions assessment in building construction and CO2 emissions in transportation are provided to establish the background of the research methodology. Data collection was carried out by searching large generators of construction waste, the companies responsible for transporting construction waste, and the types of vehicles used. Calculation of GHG emissions from CCW transportation was based on the method described in the 2006 IPCC Guidelines. The study identified a volume of waste of around 1244 m3/month, with a generation of 40,440 kgCO2/year, only from small and large generators. Besides the damage identified in this study, there is also the dumping of CCW into urban streams in the city which is causing negative impacts on sanitation and drainage systems. The results point to the need to strengthen local policies to mitigate the impacts of the existing CCW to contribute to a more sustainable city.
Circular Economy Matchmaking Framework for Future Marketplace Deployment
Authors: Łȩkawska-Andrinopoulou Lucyna , Tsimiklis Georgios , Leick Sarah , Moreno Nicolás Manuel , Amditis Angelos
Published: May 2021

Online marketplaces enable cooperation between potential stakeholders by supporting offer and demand identification at the secondary raw material markets. The use of marketplaces facilitates communication between supply chain actors operating within the same or different industry sectors and enables detection of ways to close the loop of their products. This research investigated which criteria to use for the circular cooperation matching of companies in the context of a marketplace. These criteria were used for the development of a circular economy (CE) matchmaking framework based on a multi-level approach and relevance scoring between the users. The multi-level approach is based on the following criteria: (i) the compliance with circular economy principles, (ii) the material flows analysis, (iii) the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from transport. Based on those aspects a Total Relevance Score (TRS) between the stakeholders is calculated. The Total Relevance Score indicates the possibility for successful circular cooperation between two partners who are willing to close their loops with the best possible match. The logic behind the proposed circular economy matchmaking framework is illustrated by four cases using data collected from companies. Recommendations for further deployment are proposed. The developed framework, by incorporating circular economy principles for the first time within the matching algorithm, provides the opportunity for interested stakeholders for more tailored matching and increases their possibilities of finding a perfect match on the secondary raw materials market in terms of circularity. A similar approach has not yet been reported in the literature. The circular economy matchmaking framework constitutes a theoretical basis of an online marketplace to be developed.
Assessment of Two Privacy Preserving Authentication Methods Using Secure Multiparty Computation Based on Secret Sharing
Authors: Fălămaş Diana-Elena , Marton Kinga , Suciu Alin
Published: May 2021

Secure authentication is an essential mechanism required by the vast majority of computer systems and various applications in order to establish user identity. Credentials such as passwords and biometric data should be protected against theft, as user impersonation can have serious consequences. Some practices widely used in order to make authentication more secure include storing password hashes in databases and processing biometric data under encryption. In this paper, we propose a system for both password-based and iris-based authentication that uses secure multiparty computation (SMPC) protocols and Shamir secret sharing. The system allows secure information storage in distributed databases and sensitive data is never revealed in plaintext during the authentication process. The communication between different components of the system is secured using both symmetric and asymmetric cryptographic primitives. The efficiency of the used protocols is evaluated along with two SMPC specific metrics: The number of communication rounds and the communication cost. According to our results, SMPC based on secret sharing can be successfully integrated in real-word authentication systems and the communication cost has an important impact on the performance of the SMPC protocols.
Problems of post-hospital rehabilitation of patients suffering from post-stroke depression
Authors: Privalova M. A. , Karasaeva L. A. , Alekseev G. A. , Okhotnikova A. A.
Published: May 2021

The article covers the issues of organization of rehabilitation at the post-hospital stage for patients who have suffered an acute cerebrovascular accident. According to statistics, almost half of patients who have suffered an acute cerebrovascular accident have a risk of a repeated stroke in the next five years of life against the background of manifestations of post-stroke depression. It is established that in these cases, one of the causes of repeated cerebrovascular accidents is the failure of patients to take prescribed antidepressant medications. The article analyzes two groups of patients who were observed in dynamics up to 6–12 months after the rehabilitation treatment in the Department of Neurology of the hospital. The main group included the patients with diagnosed post-stroke depression. The control group included patients without signs of clinically apparent depression. As a result of a retrospective study, it was found that 85,7 % of patients in the main group who had a repeated stroke did not adhere to the regime for taking antidepressant medications. Among the patients who continue to take antidepressants, there have not been repeated cases of cerebral circulatory disorders. Therefore, timely detection and correction of post-stroke depression in the early stroke recovery period and maintaining the principle of continuity at the post-hospital stage of rehabilitation contributes not only to the recovery of neurological deficit, but also reduces the risk of developing repeated disorders of cerebral circulation.
Cerebral ischemia in nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage due to intracranial aneurysms rupture
Authors: Lukyanchikov V. A. , Solodov A. A. , Shetova I. M. , Shtadler V. D. , Krylov V. V.
Published: May 2021

The article covers the current concepts of cerebral edema development, the mechanisms of cerebral oxygenation and perfusion impairments, as well as delayed morphological and cognitive disorders in non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage due to the rupture of intracranial aneurysms.
The features of psychopathology and cognitive impairments in various variants of the psychoorganic syndrome
Authors: Rostovschikov V. V. , Ivanchuk E. G. , Rostovschikova S. I.
Published: May 2021

Mental disorders and cognitive impairments are more or less inherent in most organic brain diseases. The psychoorganic syndrome is the consequence and one of the fundamental manifestations of such diseases. The article discusses the results of the analysis of the features of psychopathology and neurocognitive symptom complex in patients with psychoorganic syndrome of different aetiologies, with an assessment of impairments of higher cortical functions depending on the variant of the psycho-organic syndrome.
Prevalencia en diabetes y factores de riesgo en enfermedades discapacitantes
Authors: Beltrán Orellana Bryan Joshua , Baez Piñas Daren Freddy , Parreño Grijalva Dennisse Isabel , Galarza Zambrano Mónica del Rocío , Villacrés Caicedo Sheyla Elizabeth , Chang Catagua Eva de Lourdes
Published: May 2021

La diabetes es una de las principales enfermedades metabólicas en la cual los niveles de glucosa se ven afectados debido a que el cuerpo no produce insulina suficiente, para controlar la glucosa proveniente de los alimentos, lo que deriva o desencadena en los distintos tipos de diabetes, como la diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de diabetes y factores de riesgo en enfermedades discapacitantes Metodología: El trabajo de investigación tuvo un alcance descriptivo, corte transversal y un enfoque cuantitativo. Se utilizó el instrumento RFT5-33 como principal material de apoyo para la recolección de datos. Resultados: Se determinó que la prevalencia de diabetes fue de 23,6% dejando como muestra 172 familias, de las cuales se observó como factores de riesgo que el 70,6% realiza una escasa actividad física; el consumo de alcohol representa el 14,1% y en base a la alimentación se constató que el 14% se alimenta menos de 3 veces al día y el 15,1% no desayunan. Conclusión: Los factores de riesgo que más afectaron a la comunidad “San Eduardo” fueron el sedentarismo, consumo de alcohol y mala nutrición.
Factores de riesgo para desarrollar diabetes mellitus II
Authors: Uyaguari-Matute Gabriela Margoth , Mesa-Cano Isabel Cristina , Ramírez-Coronel Andrés Alexis , Martínez-Suárez Pedro Carlos
Published: May 2021

La Diabetes mellitus constituye uno de los problemas de salud más importantes en el mundo por la alta carga de enfermedad en términos de discapacidad y mortalidad prematura que ocasiona, debido a su alta prevalencia e incidencia a nivel mundial se configura como una epidemia. Objetivo. Determinar el riesgo para desarrollar diabetes mellitus tipo II en las personas de la Cuidad de Cuenca. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio, descriptivo, correlacional, prospectivo, cuantitativo y de corte transversal, mediante la aplicación del test de FINDRISC, La muestra estuvo compuesta por 379 personas no diabéticas con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 65 años de edad. Resultados. Se determinó que las variables sexo, edad, el peso, la talla, el perímetro de cintura, el tiempo diario de actividad física y antecedentes familiares de DM1- 2 presentan una correlación significativa en el nivel 0,01 (bilateral) con el riesgo de desarrollar DM2 según la puntuación del test de FINDRISC. Conclusión. Los datos obtenidos sugieren la necesidad de programas de intervención multidisciplinar en las unidades de salud asociados a programas educativos, ingesta dietética adecuada y actividad física regular.
CREATING OF THE ARCHITECTURAL ENSEMBLE OF THE ZNAMENSKAYA STATION SQUARE IN ST PETERSBURG
Authors: Petuhova N.
Published: May 2021

The history of the creating of the Znamenskaya station square (now the Vosstaniya Square) in St. Petersburg is considered. The square appeared in front of the station of the first main railway in Russia, which connected two capitals - the old and the new - Moscow and St. Petersburg (from 1855 - Nikolaevskaya, from 1923 - October railway). The state status of the road also determined the status of the station square in front of its main station in St. Petersburg. The square was created as one of the main urban planning ensembles of the city, the formation of which was given attention at the highest level.

Extensive archival sources have been studied, extracts and graphic materials from which are presented in this article. Based on the historical and urban planning analysis, the main factors that influenced the choice of the location of the station of the St. Petersburg-Moscow railway and its station square in St. Petersburg were identified.

It is shown that Znamenskaya Square is one of the last urban planning ensembles of St. Petersburg, created centrally on the basis of classical principles according to a single project, including the entire front of the buildings that form it.

It has been established that Znamenskaya Square is a unique urban planning phenomenon, since in the history of 19th century architecture, the fact of the creation of the station square, conceived as a single regular ensemble, is no longer known
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF GRANULAR AGGREGATES ON DIFFERENT BINDING COMPOSITIONS
Authors: Zagorodnyuk L. , Ryzhikh V. , Sumskoy D. , Sinebok D.
Published: May 2021

This work includes a study of the microstructure of granular aggregates prepared on various binding compositions. The presented work includes three parts devoted to the analysis of the microstructures of granular aggregates taking into account the change in the percentage of the mineral filler in binding compositions. The article deals with the main aspects of the formation of the structure of granular aggregates during the hydration of Portland cement (PC 500-D0-N) and a binder composition (PC 500-D0-N + 10 % quartz sand) prepared in a vortex jet mill. The main regularities of the influence and dispersion of quartz mineral filler (fractions ≤0.16; ≤0.315; ≤0.63 mm) on structure formation during the hydration of binding components differing in the composition and particle dispersion are revealed. The paper analyzes physical and mechanical tests of the most promising samples with a study of their microstructure features. The study of the sample microstructures reveals the general regularities of the growth of crystalline phases of different densities. It is established that the introduction of 1 0% mineral fine-dispersed filler, in the form of quartz sand, contributes to the formation of sub-microcrystalline hydrate phases, which are centers of hydration, additionally binding individual grains of granular aggregates and compacting the structure of the overall system. In all samples, the formation of a block-rhythmic structure is observed, with the presence of individual block-aggregates. There is an overgrowth of microscopic pores with small crystalline neoplasms of calcium hydrosilicates. It is revealed that the structure of granular aggregates prepared on the basis of binder composition No. 1 (BK-1) has higher density than on Portland cement PC 500-D0-N.
MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TWO-PHASE FLOW MOTION AT THE OUTLET OF THE VERTICAL ACCELERATION TUBE OF A JET MILL WITH A PLANE GRINDING CHAMBER OF TORUS FORM
Authors: Dmitrienko V. , Voronov V. , Shemetov E. , Shemetova O.
Published: May 2021

Nowadays building material industry as well as other industry branches exercise bigger demand to use powders with high dispersion. Jet mills are used to produce such powders that is why development of new jet mill designs, increase of grind efficiency, reduction of specific energy consumption is an important objective. This article provides a mathematic description of the two-phase flow motion at the outlet of the vertical acceleration tube of a jet mill with a plane grinding chamber of torus shape. The part of the acceleration tube above the impact plate is essential for grinding, as the initial particle grind occurs at this very section, in the grind chamber. Moreover, the initial grind defines the size of particles, that are further reground at the mill chamber. As a result of theoretical calculations, a formula is obtained that allows to determine the height of the acceleration tube from the bump element at the specified speed parameters of the two-phase flow. The article also contains the graph, that shows how particle velocity depends on the current (specific) height point (value) of the acceleration tube. This graph demonstrates that particle size strongly affects the way they move in the grind chamber. The formula allows to calculate the effective propulsion range of particles, depending on theirs' size, by presuming they have the maximum velocity
Expression of ACE2 in the Intact and Acutely Injured Kidney
Authors: Nath Karl A. , Singh Raman Deep , Grande Joseph P. , Garovic Vesna D. , Croatt Anthony J. , Ackerman Allan W. , Barry Michael A. , Agarwal Anupam
Published: May 2021

Key Points

The healthy kidney prominently expresses angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mRNA, protein, and activity, with ACE2 protein abundantly displayed in proximal tubules.

Renal ACE2 expression decreases after ischemic AKI but is induced by LPS in a heme oxygenase-1-dependent manner.

ACE2 induction/angiotensin (1–7) and angiotensin (1–7) may offer therapeutic approaches for AKI without or with coronavirus disease 2019, respectively.

Background

The actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) oppose those of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. ACE2 may be a cytoprotectant in some tissues. This study examined ACE2 expression in models of AKI.

Methods

ACE2 mRNA and protein expression and ACE2 activity were assessed in murine ischemic AKI. Renal ACE2 mRNA expression was evaluated in LPS-induced AKI in wild-type (C57BL/6J) mice, in heme oxygenase-1+/+ and heme oxygenase-1−/− mice, and after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in wild-type mice. The effect of sex and age on renal ACE2 protein expression was also assessed.

Results

In ischemic AKI, ACE2 mRNA and protein expression and ACE2 activity were reduced as compared with such indices in the intact kidney. In ischemic AKI, ACE2, which, in health, is prominently expressed in the tubular epithelium, especially proximal tubules, is decreased in expression in these segments. Decreased ACE2 expression in AKI did not reflect reduced GFR, because ACE2 mRNA expression was unaltered after UUO. LPS induced renal ACE2 mRNA expression in wild-type mice, but this effect did not occur in heme oxygenase-1–deficient mice. In ischemic and LPS-induced AKI, renal expression of the Mas receptor was increased. In the intact kidney, renal ACE2 protein expression decreased in female mice as compared with male mice, but was unaltered with age.

Conclusion

We conclude that renal ACE2 expression is decreased in ischemic AKI, characterized by decreased GFR and abundant cell death, but is upregulated in LPS-induced AKI, an effect requiring heme oxygenase-1. Determining the significance of ACE2 expression in experimental AKI merits further study. We suggest that understanding the mechanism underlying ACE2 downregulation in AKI may offer insights relevant to COVID-19: ACE2 expression is downregulated after ACE2 mediates SARS-CoV-2 cellular entry; such downregulation is proinflammatory; and AKI commonly occurs and determines outcomes in COVID-19.
Methods for interpreting pathological changes in the lun gs using computer tomography for diagnosing COVID-19
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Simonov Konstantin , Kents Anzhelika , Hamad Yousif , Kruglyakov Alexey
Published: May 2021

Сomputed tomography of the lungs has been the most common diagnostic procedure aimed at detection of the pathological changes associated with COVID-19. The study is aimed at the use of the developed algorithmic support in combination with texture (geometric) analysis to highlight a number of indicators characterizing the clinical state of the object of interest. Processing is aimed at the solution of a number of diagnostic tasks: highlighting and contrasting the objects of interest, taking into account the color coding. Further, an assessment is performed according to the appropriate criteria in order to find out the nature of the changes and increase both the visualization of pathological changes and the accuracy of the X-ray diagnostic report. For these purposes, it is proposed to use preprocessing algorithms for a series of images in dynamics. Segmentation of the lungs and areas of possible pathology are performed using wavelet transform and Otsu threshold value. Delta-maps and maps obtained using Shearlet transform with contrasting color coding are used as a means of visualization and selection of features (markers). The analysis of the experimental and clinical material carried out in the work shows the effectiveness of the proposed combination of methods for studying of the variability of the internal geometric features (markers) of the object of interest in the CT images. The study was carried out within the framework of the grant «Methods of artificial intelligence and computer vision to improve the accuracy of remote diagnostics of respiratory diseases in the northern group of regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory» with financial support from the Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund for the Support of Scientific and Scientific and Technical Activities.
Textural analysis of lung pathological changes using computer tomography for COVID-19 diagnostics
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Simonov Konstantin , Kents Anzhelika , Hamad Yousif , Matsulev Alexander
Published: May 2021

The study is devoted to the development of computational technology (algorithms) for constructing models of texture analysis and visualization of images of computed tomography of the lungs as applied to the problem of diagnosing pathology associated with COVID-19. Within the framework of computational technology it is proposed to use algorithms for noise reduction, contrast enhancement, segmentation and spectral decomposition (shearlet transform). On this basis models of texture (geometric) analysis are proposed for highlighting and contrasting local objects of interest, taking into account the use of color coding for contrast. The analysis of dynamic changes in CT images of the lungs in the presence of changes associated with COVID-19 in patients with confirmed laboratory diagnostic data was performed. The results of the experimental study show that the developed computational technologies and the proposed models are effective means for quantitative analysis of the variability of the texture features of the studied images as well as for dynamic analysis over time and predicting possible states. The study was carried out within the framework of the grant «Methods of artificial intelligence and computer vision to improve the accuracy of remote diagnostics of respiratory diseases in the northern group of regions of the Krasnoyarsk Territory» with financial support from the Krasnoyarsk Regional Fund for the Support of Scientific and Scientific and Technical Activities.
The relevance of developing a system of personalized synthesis of modular prosthetic and orthopedic products from unified functional components.
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «CITO» of Ministry of Industry and Trade Russia, Monakhova M.
Published: May 2021

The article discusses the relevance of developing a system of personalized synthesis of modular prosthetic and orthopedic products from unified functional components.
Bir Emevî Komutanı Tipolojisi Olarak Husayn b. Nümeyr es-Sekûnî el-Kindî
Authors: ZENGİN Fatih
Published: May 2021

Bu makale, Emevî Devleti’nin isyanlarla başa çıkmasında kilit roller üstlenen bir komutanı literatür taraması yöntemiyle ele almaktadır. Kinde kabilesinin ileri gelen isimlerinden olan Husayn b. Nümeyr, Muaviye döneminden itibaren Emevîler’e sadakatle hizmet etmiştir. Muaviye ve Yezid dönemlerinde Rumlar üzerine yapılan yaz seferlerine Humus ordugahı komutanı olarak iştirak etmiştir. İslam tarihine geçen birçok faciada ön saflarda olan Husayn, Hz. Hüseyin’in şehid edilmesinde, Harre Vakasında, Abdullah b. Zübeyr’in ilk kuşatılması ve Kabe’nin yanması olayında ve son olarak Tevvabîn hareketinin bastırılmasında önemli rol oynamıştır. Yezid b. Muaviye’nin en güvendiği isimlerden olan Husayn, Emevîler’e karşı başlatılan isyanların hemen tamamında görevlendirilen komutanlardan biri olmuştur.
Ahmet Hilmi Koğî’nin “er-Risâletu’l-Hilmiyye fî’l- Kavâ‘idi’l-Vad‘iyye” Adlı Risalesinin Haşiyesiyle Birlikte Edisyon Kritiği
Authors: TEKİN Ahmet
Published: May 2021

Ahmet Hilmi Koğî (ö. 1996), Şark medrese geleneğinin önemli simalarından biridir. Koğî, Medrese hayatından sonra imamlık göreviyle birlikte tedrisat faaliyetlerinde bulundu. Aynı zamanda iyi bir hattat da olan Koğî, tarihin tozlu raflarında kalmış onlarca eseri istinsah edip tashih, tahkik ve tahlil etti. Üretken bir âlim olan Koğî, gramer, fıkıh, tefsir, tecvit, münazara, mantık, itikat ve vad‘ gibi temel İslam bilimlerinin farklı ilim dallarında birçok eser kaleme aldı. Koğî’nin Arap diliyle alakalı birçok risalesi bulunmaktadır. Bu risalelerinden biri de er-Risâletu’l-Hilmiyye fi’l-Kavâ‘idi’l-Vad‘iyye adlı çalışmasıdır. İlim dünyasında pek de bilinmeyen bu risâlede Arap dilinde vad‘ ilmiyle alakalı kurallar ele alınmıştır. Koğî, dile getirdiği vad‘ ilmine dair kuralların daha iyi anlaşılması için bu risâlesine bir haşiye kaleme almıştır. Elimizdeki nüsha müellifin kendi el yazısı olup metin üstte haşiye altta olacak şekilde yazılmıştır. Buna ilaveten hem metnin hem de haşiyenin kenarlarında yer yer ta‘likler de mevcuttur. Edisyon kritiğinden ibaret olan bu çalışmayla, Koğî’nin bu veciz çalışmasını ilgililerin istifadesine sunmak ve böylece ilim dünyasına bir katkıda bulunmak gaye edinilmiştir. Bu çerçevede çalışmanın girişinde ana hatlarıyla vad‘ ilmi ele alınmıştır. Ardından özet bir şekilde Koğî’nin hayatı ve eserlerine değinilmiş ve muhteva ve kaynakları açısından risâlenin tahlili yapılarak tahkiki gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Shershnev coeﬃcient is a basic characteristic of the structure of a crystallizing network polymer
Authors: Kovriga V. V. , Oreshenkova T. F. , Pyatin I. N.
Published: May 2021

The values of molecular weight between nodes in cross-linked polyethylene obtained by the method of swelling and the method of determining the equilibrium modulus are considered. It has been shown that it is not possible to achieve uniform values of molecular weight between mesh points using these two methods. The ratio between the molecular weights located between the nodes of the network, it is proposed to call the "Shershnev coeﬃcient".
Genetic Analysis of the Mitochondrial rrnS Gene of Zoonotic Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) Isolated from Micromesistius Poutassou (R.) in the Aegean Sea
Authors: PEKMEZCİ Gökmen Zafer
Published: May 2021

Ascaridoid nematodes were found in viscera of the blue whiting Micromesistius poutassou (Risso, 1826) from the Aegean Sea in the parasitological examination. Collected nematodes were morphologically identified as the third (L3) stage of Anisakis type I larvae and then subject to Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region to identify the species. Randomly selected larvae were molecularly confirmed as Anisakis pegreffii by RFLP analysis. Subsequently, L3 of A. pegreffii were amplified and bi-directionally sequenced at the small subunit ribosomal RNA (rrnS) gene. The rrnS sequence of A. pegreffii (MT484284) had 100% identity with the rrnS gene of A. pegreffii (JX500050, LC222461, MF140359, MT312511, MT312512) which were found in fish and cetaceans hosts, Scomber japonicus, Conger myriaster, Neophocaena asiaeorientalis, and Stenella coeruleoalba, from the Mediterranean Sea, Japanese, Chinese, and Korean waters. This study provided the genetic analysis of zoonotic A. pegreffii from the Turkish marine waters based on the rrnS gene for the first time. This sequence (MT484284) can be used as the novel rrnS sequence of A. pegreffii in the genetic analysis for ascaridoid nematodes in the Mediterranean Sea.
Intelligent system for monitoring motor pumps in the water supply to optimize crop rotation
Authors: Loredo-Medina Raúl , Figueroa-Moreno Alejandro , Humarán-Sarmiento Viridiana , Arce-Cárdenas Francisco Javier
Published: May 2021

In the agricultural sector of the municipality of Guasave, diesel pumps are currently used to irrigate the various crops, this due to the lack of water that has occurred in recent years. To do this, these pumps are mostly manufactured with very rustic physical structures and only with analog markers that are not very precise. This situation keeps the equipment unprotected and only shows parameters analogically, this makes the process inefficient. With the present project, we designed, developed and simulated a prototype of a system that evaluates and monitors the physical parameters that influence the operation of different thermal machines used for pumping. To achieve the above mentioned, a series of sensors were installed, the signal is sent to Raspberry Pi 3, in which the data is processed, stored and shown to the user of the equipment through a graphic interface. A possible improvement of this system in the future would be to create a mobile application, which in real time, could alert the user of possible failures, decreasing the side effects on the environment, optimizing crop rotation for the continuous improvement of the competitiveness of the agro-industrial sector in northern Sinaloa.
Market research in Metepec, State of Mexico to determine the acceptance of an artisan soap made from corn
Authors: Zenteno-Bonola Ana Luisa , Aguirre-Brito Dorian , Cervantes-Carbajal Ana Margarita , García-Barrueta Katia Guadalupe
Published: May 2021

Currently there are some skin diseases that have increased their appearance in people, mainly due to environmental pollution. According to some research, it is known that at 18 years of age, people have accumulated 70% of the chronic actinic damage that will manifest itself with some skin condition in adulthood. Certain scientific studies demonstrate the beneficial properties of the corn plant in relation to skin conditions, so the development of an artisan soap based on this plant was proposed. The objective of this work was to apply a study that allowed determining the acceptance of this soap in Metepec, México. The type of research was quantitative and descriptive in scope. The market study process was carried out by Zikmund (2009) considering the following stages: Definition of the objective, Planning of the design and the sample, Collection, processing and analysis of the data and Formulation of the report. The results were: 90% acceptance of the product, elaboration in pastel colors, with relaxing aromas, stick, oval in shape and a size of 160 grams. Respondents aware of the environmental problems that exist, prefer biodegradable packaging.
Instrument to measurement the effect of entrepreneurial orientation and innovation capability on SMEs
Authors: Peña-Montes de Oca Adriana Isela , López-Laguna Ana Bertha
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this work is to identify, based on the literature, some of the dimensions and/or factors of the existing process in entrepreneurial ecosystems, considering the interior, financial structure, strategic alliances and decision making by senior management y the Universities through the literature review to propose a measurement instrument conductive to an entrepreneurial orientation (OE), developing its operationalization at a conceptual level to enhance innovation and improve business performance. The paper is a review of the literature published in various sources, including Journal of business Research, Human Resource Development Review, Journal of Management Studies, journal of Marketing Communications, Academy of Management Journal, International Journal of Technology Management & Sustainable Development, among others. The results of the literary review of 137 articles allow us to recognize that: OE is defined by many scholars on the subject, according to different thematic approaches; the proposal by Lumpkin and Dess (1996) includes five dimensions: 1) autonomy 2) competitiveness 3) innovation 4) proactivity 5) risk taking; influenced by communication networks within strategic alliances, baked by senior management teams, their cultural profile and social responsibility, for a transdisciplinary and multidisciplinary effect that generates innovation. The results of the review allowed the construction of an instrument with a hundred questions to improve the process of measuring the impact of OE an CI on SMEs.
Job satisfaction of workers in a flower organization: a case study at the company "La flor de Catemaco"
Authors: Velázquez-Serna José Angel , Montes de Oca-Estrada Anabel Regina
Published: May 2021

Job satisfaction in flower organizations has been poorly addressed, although it is of great relevance for productivity management. The purpose of this research is to estimate the determinants of job satisfaction of the employees of the company "La Flor de Catemaco", a flower company, specialized in the production and marketing of natural flowers and ornamental foliage, located in Villa Guerrero, State of Mexico. The empirical evidence from the parameters obtained in this study suggests that the determining variables of job satisfaction are: Seniority in the position, motivation regarding the work being performed, recognition of the tasks performed and satisfaction with respect to the job. salary received. The study is temporarily circumscribed in 2018, using information from a survey applied to 20 workers, which is processed by methodological requirements using a logistic econometric model.
El reto sindical de la reestructuración universitaria
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Burnes Ortiz Arturo
Published: May 2021

Han pasado ya cuarenta años desde aquel 30 de abril de 1975, cuando la notario Zajarula Kusulas Tejada se presentó en una asamblea de noventa y nueve docentes universitarios a fin de realizar la protocolización de los Estatutos del Sindicato del Personal Académico de la Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas. Después vendría la presentación y discusión del primer Contrato Colectivo de Trabajo ante el Consejo Universitario el 2 de febrero de 1976, el registro consiguiente ante la Junta Local de Conciliación y Arbitraje y la conformación del primer Comité Ejecutivo del Sindicato al siguiente año. A cuatro décadas de distancia nada es igual.