bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hiszpański Ruch 15-M: tożsamość projektowa in statu nascendi
Authors: Zerka Paweł
Published: March 2019

The Spanish movement of May 15th (15-M) has become a reference point for other groups of indignados, which have emerged in different parts of the world. This is why 15-M has already inspired a number of studies by Spanish and foreign scholars, both in the camp of sociology and in political science. It has also aroused a rising of interest among journalists. In this study, we make a fi rst step towards better understanding of the 15-M movement, by trying to define its group identity. Our analysis point to an evolutionary nature of the movement. Initially, it was rather chaotic and lacking coherence, but with time it acquired several proper characteristics, among them domination of young people, political indifference, pacifism, as well as a widespread use of new technologies. Besides, while resistance and discontent served as its common ground at the very beginning, after that the movement has bacome an advocate of a specific social change. Its idea of a change has consisted in the development of partcipatory democracy, in the harnessing of the global capitalism, and in the provision of social justice and adequate conditions for self-fulfillment for individuals. Such a transformation inside the movement is consistent with the theory of “group identities“ developed by Manuel Castels. The Spanish sociologist argues that in the network society of our times, group identities are based most of all on group resistance and only afterwards they can transform into project identities. In this particular example, such a transformation may have been fostered by the emergence of several other points of resistance in the world, inspired by the Spanish movement. Nevertheless, the durability of 15-M’s group identity will depend on its ability to influence the current domestic politics. Interestingly, the Spanish indignados seem to embody many transformations typical for modern societies, defined by Anthony Giddens as a passage towards the “late modernity“. Their demands are in many respects convergent with the program of “life politics“, described by this British sociologist. The passage towards the late modernity is also visible in the global reach of their protests. On one hand, they raise the issue of global processes haveing local effects. On the other hand, their protests have a clearly expansionary nature. With the emergence of several other groups of indignados, for example in United States or in Chile, the 15-M may become an avant-garde of a wider global movement. At the same time, it has become clear that, regardless of a particular economic, political and social context which undoubtedly served as a catalyst for social unrest in Spain, the identity of the 15-M movement is based strongly on universal values, going far beyond the domestic context.
Problem długu publicznego w państwach Unii Gospodarczej i Walutowej
Authors: Zawiślińska Izabela
Published: March 2019

Public debt and the increasing indebtedness of states is not a new phenomenon even in the context of bankruptcy of state. In the past we have already experienced internal and external state insolvency. What causes today’s increase in preoccupation with external bankruptcy, except for global dimension of debt, is a change in its structure. An increasing number of states uses foreign debt to finance budget and trade imbalances. This tendency is observed among developing as well as developed states, including Economic and Monetary Union member states. The increase in external debt is in large part caused by privet debt which in certain circumstances is transferred to state. The level of total external debt of many Euro Zone member states in relation to GDP is much higher than the level of public debt. These are the reasons that justify the fear for the future of Euro Zone after bankruptcy of some of the member states. What increases the level of fear is the fact that the actions undertaken by European Union and EMU do not cause expected results and therefore cannot be judged positively. Paradoxically, some of them have only political and PR dimensions. Politicians may brag about their resolve to defend the once adopted solutions and markets may remain in their illusion that the present situation is only temporary. How long will it last? Last actions seem to be just a game designed to gain some more time to prepare different solutions such as fundamental and subjective restructuring of Euro Zone and – who knows? – maybe even of the European integration as such. The words of European Central Bank president Mario Draghi (August 2, 2012) stressing the fact that there’s no turning back from the Euro and that he is going to defend the common currency need to be understood in that context. The belief in the solidarity of states and optimistic outlook for the future should not result in such dramatic and desperate words.
A Compatibility Law and the Classification of Theory Change
Authors: Fraser Patrick Thomas , Sarwar Ameer
Published: March 2019

The current formulation of the zeroth law (the law of compatibility) is marred with a number of theoretical problems, which necessitate its reformulation. In this paper, we propose that compatibility is an independent stance that can be taken towards epistemic elements of all types. We then provide a new definition of compatibility criteria to reflect this change. We show that the content of the zeroth law is deducible from our definition of compatibility. Instead of a static law of compatibility, we propose a new dynamic law of compatibility that explains how the stance of compatibility obtains. Unlike the zeroth law, this new law has empirical content, as it forbids certain conceivable scenarios. Having established these notions, we propose a classification space that exhaustively covers all the possible states a theory may occupy and all the transitions it may undergo during its lifecycle.

 

Suggested Modifications

[Sciento-2018-0015]: Accept the following definition of compatibility:

Compatibility ≡ the ability of two elements to coexist in the same mosaic.

Also accept the following corollary:

Compatibility Corollary: at any moment of time, the elements of the scientific mosaic are compatible with each other.

Accept that all theorems that take the current zeroth law as their premise are recoverable when the compatibility corollary is used as a premise instead. 

Reject the zeroth law.

 

[Sciento-2018-0016]: Accept compatibility as a distinct epistemic stance that can be taken towards epistemic elements of all types.

Also accept that compatibility is binary, reflexive, and symmetric. Transitivity of compatibility holds only within mosaics, not sui generis.

 

[Sciento-2018-0017]: Accept the following definition of compatibility criteria:

Compatibility Criteria ≡ criteria for determining whether two elements are compatible or incompatible.

Reject the previous definition of compatibility criteria.

 

[Sciento-2018-0018]: Accept the following law of compatibility as a scientonomic axiom:

The Law of Compatibility: if a pair of elements satisfies the compatibility criteria employed at the time, it becomes compatible within the mosaic; if it does not, it is deemed incompatible; and if assessment is inconclusive, the pair can become compatible, incompatible, or its status may be unknown.

 

[Sciento-2018-0019]: Accept the new definition of theory acceptance:

Theory Acceptance ≡ an accepted theory is a scientific theory that is taken as the best available description or prescription of its object.

Reject the previous definition of theory acceptance.

 

[Sciento-2018-0020]: Accept the following theorem:

Demarcation-Acceptance Synchronism theorem: every theory that becomes accepted satisfies the demarcation criteria employed at the time of acceptance.
What constitutes an emergency ambulance call?
Authors: Mills Brennen , Hill Michella , Buck Jessica , Walter Ella , Howard Kayla , Raisinger Alex , Smith Erin
Published: March 2019

IntroductionAmbulance services are often utilised for low-acuity conditions. This study seeks to understand under what medical circumstances the Australian public perceive it to be appropriate to call triple zero requesting ambulance assistance.Methods A total of 544 participants completed a 15-minute online survey distributed via social media, flyers and email links. Participants viewed 17 medical case study scenarios, developed in consultation with a panel of paramedic experts, and were asked to select which of nine possible medical interventions was most appropriate. A panel of paramedic experts reached consensus for each case study on whether it was or was not appropriate to call for triple zero assistance. Results Inappropriate medical intervention responses were more prevalent in scenarios deemed appropriate for ambulance assistance, compared with scenarios where an ambulance call-out was inappropriate (48% vs. 3% respectively, p<0.001). Many scenarios where ambulance use was appropriate found respondents utilising other healthcare services typically associated with lower-acuity conditions. Individuals without first aid training were more inclined to choose healthcare services incorrectly (65% vs. 69% respectively, p<0.001). ConclusionResponses to our case studies suggested a lack of understanding of situations that warrant an emergency. First aid training and education regarding medical emergencies and paramedic scope-of-practice would be beneficial. This study did not demonstrate substantial inappropriate ambulance usage, however respondents did not recognise the severity of certain emergencies and were inclined to utilise other healthcare services. Further research investigating the rationale behind triple zero use, improving public education and clarifying the role of paramedics is required.
Türkiye’de Çevre Eğitimi Araştırmalarının İrdelenmesi: Yapılandırmacılık ya da Kuramsız Düşünme “İndoktrinasyon” mu?
Authors: Taşkın Ozgur , Külcü Merve Gül
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada Çevre Eğitimi (ÇE) adı altında Türkiye’de yapılan ve Türkiye’deki hakemli dergilerde basılan 52 alan yazın araştırması ve 55 lisans üstü tez incelenmiştir. Benzer çalışmalar mevcut olsa da bu çalışmada incelenen araştırmaların yöntemleri, konuları, veri toplama yaklaşımları ve önerileri dışında, çalışmaların kuramsal çerçeveleri ve bulguları arasındaki bağları da irdelenmiştir. ÇE teriminin ülkemizdeki popülerliği artmakla birlikte Türk Eğitim sistemine damgasını vuran yapılandırmacılık ÇE çalışmalarını da etkilemiştir. Cinsiyete göre çevreye karşı duyarlılık, uygulanan mekân dışı öğretimin eğitime olumlu katkısı, yapılandırmacı yaklaşıma övgü vb. sonuçları araştırma bulgularında sıklıkla görmekteyiz. Ancak bu çalışmalardaki kuramsal çerçeve eksikliği, neden-sonuç ilişkisine ışık tutmamakta ve nasıl sorusunu yanıtsız bırakmaktadır. Bu araştırmada ise sıklıkla kullanılan yapılandırmacılığın ya da kuramsal çerçeve eksikliğinin indoktrinasyon olup olmadığı tartışılmaktadır. Umulan bu araştırmanın farklı akademik çevrelerde verimli bir tartışma kapısı açmasıdır.
Sınıf Öğretmenlerinin Etkinlik Hazırlama ve Uygulama Süreçlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Koç Mehmet Hilmi
Published: March 2019

Bu çalışmada sınıf öğretmenlerinin etkinlik hazırlama ve uygulama süreçlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırma eylem araştırması olarak desenlenmiş olup nicel ve nitel veri toplama tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu, özel bir okulda görev yapan dokuz sınıf öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem türü olarak amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi seçilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak görüşme, gözlem ve anket yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır.  Görüşme ve gözlemlerden elde edilen veriler içerik analizine tabi tutulmuş; anketten elde edilen verilerin betimsel istatistikleri çıkarılmış ve eşleştirilmiş örnekler t testi ile öntest ve sontest sonuçları ortaya konulmuştur. Eylem planının uygulanması sonucunda, uygulama öncesine göre, etkinlik hazırlama ve uygulama süreçlerinde olumlu yönde bir iyileşmenin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, öğretmenlere, öğrencide düşüncenin oluşumunu sağlayacak etkinliklerin nasıl yapılacağı ile ilgili eğitimler verilmesi gerektiği söylenebilir.
Association between CYP2C19*2 variant and clinical outcome in Clopidogrel treated patients from Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Kapedanovska Nestorovska Aleksandra , Dimitrovska Cvetkovska Aleksandra , Suturkova Ljubica
Published: March 2019

Clopidogrel is the thienopyridine of choice for prevention of ischemic events and stent thrombosis in patients with atherotrombotic disease. Recent studies suggest that certain genetic variants involving CYP450 system are responsible for wide interindividual variability in treatment response profiles among clopidogrel treated individuals. The aim of this study was to define the prevalence of most common CYP2C19*2: 681G>A (rs4244285) allelic variant in Macedonian population and determine the risk association with major cardiovascular adverse events in clopidogrel treated patients with atherotrombotic cardiovascular disease. CYP2C19 *2 genotype was assessed in 198 subjects from R.Macedonia. The association between the reduced function CYP2C19 *2
A allele and clinical outcome was evaluated in 67 clopidogrel treated patients within a follow up period of at least 6 months (from 6 to 60 months) after initializing clopidogrel therapy. The population frequency of polymorphic A allele responsible for impaired clopidogrel metabolism in Macedonian population was 0.18. CYP2C19*2 variant was significantly associated with increased rate of adverse cardiovascular events in the allelic (OR= 3.188; 95% CI= 1.437-7.058), dominant (OR=3.477; 95% CI= 1.256-9.630) and co-dominant model ( OR=6.750, 95% CI: 1.186-38.410) of statistical analysis (adjusted OR= 2.619; Ptrend=0.0088). The influence of CYP2C19*2 was most strongly correlated with worse event free survival in patients carrying AA genotype (log rank P = 0.0024) and patients carrying at least one CYP2C19*2 reduced function allele (log rank P=0.0058). CYP2C19*2 genetic variant in the population from Republic of Macedonia has similar distribution as determined in other European populations. Carriage of reduced function CYP2C19 *2 allele is associated with worse event free survival in clopidogrel treated patients with atherotrombotic disorders.
Influence of different formulations and granulation techniques on dissolution of folic acid in film coated tablets
Authors: Krsteska Ljiljana , Kostovski Dejan , Brzilova Ksenija , M.Sejfulah Suzan , Ugarkovic Sonja
Published: March 2019

The vitamin folic acid has received considerable attention because of it′s role in decreasing risk of neural tube birth defects, and it′s potential role in reducing risks of cardiovascular and psychiatric diseases. We evaluated compositions of 5 different formulations in terms of meeting the USP standard for dissolution and disintegration .However all the examined formulations had met the disintegration test but only 3 formulations had met the dissolution requirements to release 75 % of the active ingredient in 45 minutes. The maximum value of dissolution of 97.52 % in S5 composition was achieved by combination of certain excipients (combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic filler and suitable wetting agent) and wet high shear mixing granulation technique, resulting with optimize release of the active substance.
Antimicrobial activity of needle essential oil of Pinus peuce Griseb. (Pinaceae) from Macedonian flora
Authors: Karapandzova Marija , Stefkov Gjose , Trajkovska-Dokic Elena , Kaftandzieva Ana , Kulevanova Svetlana
Published: March 2019

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of needle essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation from wild Pinus peuce Griseb. (Pinaceae), growing on three different locations in R. Macedonia were investigated in period 2008/2009. Carried out GC/FID/MS analysis, one hundred and three constituents were identified belonging to the six different classes of components: monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, diterpenes and other non-terpene components, representing 88.61/94.04% of the entire oil. The most abundant constituents were α-pinene (12.89/27.34%), β-pinene (6.16/13.13%), limonene + β-phellandrene (2.09/6.64%) and bornyl acetate (2.92/11.67%) as well as trans-(E)-caryophyllene (4.63/7.13%) and germacrene D (8.75/20.14%). Antimicrobial screening of Pinus peuce needle essential oil was made by hole-plate diffusion and broth dilution method against 13 bacterial isolates of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and one strain of Candida albicans. The most sensitive bacteria against tested Pinus peuce essential oils were Streptococcus pneumonia encompassing Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Acinetobacter spp. and Streptococcus pyogenes. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the oils ranged from 7.5 - 62.5 µl/ml.
Chemical composition of berry essential oils from Juniperus communis L. (Cupressaceae) growing wild in Republic of Macedonia and assessment of the chemical composition in accordance to European Pharmacopoeia
Authors: Sela Floresha , Karapandzova Marija , Stefkov Gjoshe , Kulevanova Svetlana
Published: March 2019

Chemical composition of fifteen samples of juniper essential oil was analyzed using GC/FID/MS method. Thirteen samples of berries were collected on different locations in south-western part , two of them in central-north region of Republic of Macedonia. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus using official method of European Pharmacopoeia. GC/MS analysis revealed 74 identified components. The predominant fractions of the oils were monoterpene hydrocarbons representing 39.11- 73.38%. Great variability in the chemical composition and content of some components was observed. The most variable components were α-pinene (15.59-43.19%), β-pinene (1.65%-5.35%), β-myrcene (2.89%-26.50%), sabinene (2.80-11.77%), and limonene (2.90-4.46%). In the fraction of oxidized monoterpenes the most abundant was terpene-4-ol (trace - 6.32%) followed by α-terpineol (0.18-1.63%). In the sesquiterpene fraction predominant components were: germacrene D (2.76-10.22%), β-elemene (1.13-3.40%) and trans-(E)-caryophyllene (1.8%- 4.05%). Twelve samples of Macedonian juniper oils comply with European Pharmacopoeia chemical composition requirements for juniper oil and three samples did not, due to lower amount of α-pinene.
Harmonization of Inspection Supervision in the Pharmaceutical Sector of the Republic of Macedonia in conformity with the Recommendations of the European Legislation and WHO
Authors: Nicha Vasilka , Slaveska Raichki Renata , Kadifkova Panovska Tatjana
Published: March 2019

The new Law on Inspection Supervision (Official Gazette 50/2010, implementation as of 1.04.2011) was passed in April 2010 with the aim of improving the quality of inspection in the pharmaceutical sector, as well. The new Law covers the spectrum of weaknesses recognized over time. The system of quality inspection encompasses a set of commonly required quality management process, objectives, conditions, policies, formal rules and procedures. The organizational scheme addresses all aspects of inspection activity. The inspection service has to assure that its personnel are not under any undue internal or external commercial, financial or other kind of pressure and influence that may adversely affect the quality of their work. Moreover, the inspection service needs a sufficient number of employees with the necessary education, training, technical knowledge and experience to perform inspection activities according to specified requirements and standards. An inspector’s engagements have to be within the scope of the responsibilities arising from his/her activities. Continued training in inspection activities should be established, including advanced training programs that offer various levels of inspectors’ qualification. In regard to their specific activity, new rule books governing inspection supervision in the pharmaceutical sector should be developed and adopted in the near future. This permanent upgrading process of the existing national policies in compliance with the EU legal policy has also become characteristic of the Macedonian pharmaceutical sector.
Analysis of the Dynamical System x˙(t) = A x(t) +h(t, x(t)), x(t0) = x0 in a Special Time-Dependent Norm
Authors: KOHAUPT Ludwig
Published: March 2019

As the main new result, we show that one can construct a time-dependent positive definite matrix $R(t,t_0)$ such that the solution $x(t)$ of the initial value problem $\dot{x}(t)=A\,x(t)+h(t,x(t)), \; x(t_0)=x_0,$ under certain conditions satisfies the equation $\|x(t)\|_{R(t,t_0)} = \|x_A(t)\|_R$ where $x_A(t)$ is the solution of the above IVP when $h \equiv 0$ and $R$ is a constant positive definite matrix constructed from the eigenvectors and principal vectors of $A$ and $A^{\ast}$ and where $\|\cdot\|_{R(t,t_0)}$ and $\|\cdot\|_R$ are weighted norms. Applications are made to dynamical systems, and numerical examples underpin the theoretical findings.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR BAHASA INDONESIA MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAME TOURNAMENT SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 005 KOTO PERAMBAHAN KECAMATAN KAMPAR TIMUR KABUPATEN KAMPAR
Authors: Maalib Maalib
Published: March 2019

Latar belakang dari penelitian ini adalah rendahnya hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 005 Koto Perambahan Kecamatan Kampar Timur Kabupaten Kampar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Game Tournament siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 005 Koto Perambahan Kecamatan Kampa Kabupaten Kampar. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas IV dengan jumlah siswa 36 siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus dan setiap siklus terdiri atas dua kali pertemuan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh data bahwa hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia mengalami peningkatan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Teams Game Tournament. Pada siklus I untuk hasil kerja kelompok, siswa kategori amat baik memperoleh skor 4 (11,11%). Pada siklus II, siswa kategori amat baik memperoleh skor 12 (33,33%). Pada siklus III, siswa kategori amat baik memperoleh skor 16 (44,44%). Pada siklus I untuk hasil belajar, siswa yang tuntas ada 12 siswa (33,33%) Pada siklus II, siswa yang tuntas meningkat menjadi 17 siswa (47,22%). Pada siklus III, siswa yang tuntas meningkat lagi menjadi 29 siswa (80,56%). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran Teams Game Tournament dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar bahasa Indonesia siswa kelas IV SD Negeri 005 koto Perambahan Kecamatan Kampa Kabupaten Kampar.
PENGGUNAAN MODEFL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STAD UNTUK PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI KELAS VI.A SDN 022 MUARA LANGSAT
Authors: S Sartinem
Published: March 2019

Research on the use of STAD type cooperative learning model to improve student learning outcomes in learning mathematics in Class VI.A SD Negeri 022 Langsat Estuary has been held in March to April 2015 at SD Negeri 022 Muara Langsat Sentajo Raya District, Kuantan Singingi Regency. The study was conducted on 22 students consisting of 14 male students and 8 female students. This classroom action research is conducted in 2 cycles, namely cycle I and cycle II, where every action is observed through student activity observation and teacher activity observation sheet. From the research that has been carried out the results obtained that is on the cycle I average value obtained 63.2 and cycle II average score 83.6, the number of students who achieve success increased from the first cycle of 15 students or 68.18%, to be 20 students or 90.90% in cycle II. Increased student learning outcomes in line with the increase in student activity at the time of learning took place with 114 or 51.81% in cycles I and 190 or 83.36% in cycle II.
Analisis Budaya Kerja Sebagai Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) Masyarakat Desa Boke Kecematan Sape Kabupaten Bima Dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan
Authors: Mandyara Dewiratna Muchlisa
Published: March 2019

Sejahtera dan bahagia merupakan situasi dan kondisi yang sangat didambakan oleh semua orang. Setiap orang menginginkan hidup yang ideal di masa depannya. Maka dari itu hampir tiap orang berusaha membuat bagaimana hidup idealnya itu terwujud dengan tekad mencapai harapan itulah yang mengharuskan masyarakat desa Boke bekerja sampai ke negara lain sebagai Tenaga Kerja Indonesia (TKI) dari bertahun-tahun lalu sehingga timbul menjadi sebuah budaya yang tetap dilestarikan sampai sekarang. Budaya kerja masyarakat Desa Boke adalah suatu pandangan hidup yang sudah menjadi kebiasaan yang telah dibudayakan oleh masyarakat dan selalu tercermin dalam sikap dan perilaku.  Penelitian ini ingin menggali penerapan budaya sebagai TKI dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan pengaruh tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan hadirnya budaya kerja tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini dapat membantu pihak–pihak terkait terutama pemerintah dalam hal menentukan kebijakan-kebijakan yang mengatur tentang TKI. Wawancara dilakukan terhadap 10 orang informan penelitian. Temuan penelitian menyatakan bahwa kebiasaan masyarakat yang bekerja diluar negeri merupakan sebuah wujud dari kebudayaan dan  budaya kerja sebagai TKI masyarakat desa Boke dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan. Namun dalam hal ini pemerintah harus lebih memperhatikan para TKI agar mendapatkan perlindungan hukum yang baik
MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN (Studi di Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri 1 Belo Bima)
Authors: Suaeb Suaeb
Published: March 2019

Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah (MBS) merupakan paradigma pengelolaan pendidikan di tingkat sekolah agar sekolah lebih responsif terhadap kebutuhan lingkungan sekitarnya dan mampu meningkatkan partisipatif dari semua komponen masyarakat guna meningkatkan mutu sekolah. Fokus utama penelitian ini adalah (1) Bagaimana pelaksanaan MBS?; (2) Upaya apa saja yang dilakukan dalam penerapan MBS?; dan (3) Faktor apa saja yang menjadi pendukung dan penghambat dalam penerapan MBS. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data, yaitu: reduksi data, display data, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan: (1) Pelaksanaan MBS telah dilaksanakan dengan baik, ditunjukkan dengan adanya proses perencanaan program kerja sekolah, sistem koordinasi antar komponen sekolah, proses pengawasan program yang melibatkan berbagai pihak, seperti dinas, komite, dan masyarakat (stakeholder), serta adanya evaluasi dan monitoring program; (2) Upaya yang telah dilakukan dalam penerapan MBS adalah: (a) melakukan analisis kebutuhan dan kemampuan sekolah; (b) merumuskan program dengan melibatkan semua pihak termasuk para pakar dalam bentuk kegiatan workshop dan lokakarya; (c) merealisasikan program sesuai dengan job dan wewenang masing-masing; dan (d) melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi program; (3) Faktor pendukung dalam penerapan MBS adalah adanya semangat kerja dari semua komponen sekolah, sistem manajemen yang transparan, kepercayaan masyarakat, dan sarana dan prasarana sekolah yang memadai. Faktor penghambat adalah kesenjangan informasi dan teknologi, tingkat kepedulian masyarakat terhadap pelaksanaan program sekolah, dan aturan birokrasi yang bersifat sedikit “memaksa” sekolah untuk menjalankan program yang sesuai dengan “keinginan” birokrasi.
KETERSEDIAAN PANGAN KEDELAI (Glicine max) DI KABUPATEN PATI
Authors: Sutrisno Sutrisno
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHFood sufficiency and nutrition is one of very important factor in determining the quality of human resources. The research aimed to analyze the availability of soybeans in strengthening food security. The research used descriptive method. Data source came from primary data by in-depth interview and observation, while secondary data obtained from the relevant documents. Data analyzed with qualitative and quantitative descriptive. Result of the research showed that soybean availability of Pati Regency in average during last five years (2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012) had a surplus of 2,559 tons of material beyond the need for tempeh and tofu domestic industry, growth trend of soybean production minus 245.3 tons, so it needs an effort to increase soybean production. Meanwhile, soybean average price for 11 months in 2013 amounted to Rp 8,861/kg with growth average of 4.42% and soybean price forecast at month 13 (January 2014) was Rp 11,882/kg. INDONESIAKecukupan pangan dan gizi merupakan salah satu faktor yang sangat penting dalam menentukan kualitas sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketersediaan kedelai dalam memperkuat ketahanan pangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif. Sumber data berasal dari data primer dengan cara wawancara mendalam dan observasi, sedangkan data sekendair diperoleh dari dokumen yang relevan. Data dianalisis dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan kedelai di Kabupaten Pati rata-rata lima tahun terakhir (2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012) mengalami surplus sebesar 2.559 ton diluar kebutuhan untuk bahan industri rumah tangga tempe dan tahu, dengan tren (kecenderungan) perkembangan produksi kedelai minus 245,3 ton sehingga perlu upaya meningkatkan produksi kedelai. Sementara itu, harga kedelai rata-rata selama 11 bulan pada tahun 2013 sebesar Rp 8.861/kg dengan pertumbuhan rata-rata 4,42 % dan prediksi harga kedelai pada bulan ke-13 (Januari 2014) adalah Rp 11.882/kg.
PEMILIHAN PELAYANAN PERSALINAN DAN PERAWATAN PASCAPERSALINAN (PNC)
Authors: Aeni Nurul
Published: March 2019

ENGLISHAccuracy on selecting maternal services influences adequate delivery and postnatal care (PNC). This research aimed to (1) to describe delivery and postnatal service utilization in Puskesmas Margoyoso II and Puskesmas Gunungwungkal; (2) to analyze factors related to delivery service selection; (3) to analyze factors related to postnatal service selection. This research used quantitative approach as well as qualitative approach. The number of respondent was 61 mothers whose 3-6 month baby. Data was analyzed using descriptive analysis and chi-square. This research resulted: (1) awareness to experience complete and adequate PNC was lower than awareness to experience delivery on skilled birth attendant; (2) majority respondent preferred private midwife to village midwafe (BPS) to village midwife; (3) factors related to birth attendant selection was residence. Respondents domiciled in Puskesmas Gunungwungkal tended to choose village midwife, while Respondents domiciled in Puskesmas Margoyoso II inclined to choose private midwife; (4) factors related to postnatal care selection is work status and residence. Respondent had strong need to experience traditional postnatal cares. Those cares were applied to behaviors which potentially harmed recovery process. INDONESIAKetepatan dalam menentukan pelayanan maternal yang lengkap dan memadai mempengaruhi keberhasilan persalinan dan perawatan pascapersalinan (PNC). Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) menggambarkan pemanfaatan pelayanan persalinan dan perawatan pascapersalinan di Puskesmas Margoyoso II dan Puskesmas Gunungwungkal; (2) menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemilihan pelayanan persalinan; (3) menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemilihan pelayanan pascapersalinan (PNC). Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif bersama dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Responden penelitian berjumlah 61 ibu yang memiliki bayi berusia 3-6 bulan. Pengolahan data menggunakan analisis dekriptif dan chi-square. Hasil penelitian adalah: (1) kesadaran melakukan perawatan pascapersalinan secara lengkap dan memadai lebih rendah dibandingkan kesadaran melakukan persalinan di tenaga kesehatan; (2) sebagian besar responden cenderung lebih memilih Bidan Praktek Swasta (BPS) dibandingkan bidan desa; (3) faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemilihan tenaga persalinan adalah wilayah tempat tinggal. Responden di wilayah Puskesmas Gunungwungkal cenderung memilih bidan desa, sementara responden di wilayah Puskesmas Margoyoso II cenderung memilih BPS; (4) faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemilihan pelayanan perawatan pascapersalinan adalah status pekerjaan dan wilayah tempat tinggal. Responden memiliki kebutuhan yang kuat untuk melaksanakan perawatan pascapersalinan secara tradisional yang diwujudkan dalam beberapa perilaku yang dapat mengganggu proses pemulihan kesehatan.
Alice Bálint and Her Diaries: ‘… This little fixation seems to remain …’
Authors: Borgos Anna
Published: March 2019

This article reconstructs Alice Bálint's personal and professional development, dilemmas and attachments, relying on her recently revealed diaries kept between 1917 and 1929. They are an especially interesting document in many respects, touching upon politics, love, womanhood and profession. The year 1923 consists of her entries during her analysis with Ferenczi, dissecting the tensions in her most significant ‘object relations’ – her analyst, her husband and her mother. These notes demonstrate how her conflicts with sexuality, motherhood and profession relate to her attitude to the analysis and Ferenczi himself. The more general ‘yield’ of the diaries is to provide a valuable insight into the social and political circumstances of early twentieth-century Hungary and its opportunities and limitations for a (middle-class, Jewish) woman with diverse talents and intellectual ambitions.
Anti-Slavery, African Colonization, and the Natural History of Ballooning
Authors: Coleman Deirdre
Published: March 2019

Henry Smeathman (1742–86) was a self-taught naturalist who collected naturalia in West Africa and the West Indies for wealthy London sponsors. In 1783 he travelled to Paris with letters of introduction to Benjamin Franklin with the aim of finding supporters in either France or America for a free African settlement which would undermine the slave trade through ‘legitimate’ commerce. His arrival coincided with the launch of the Montgolfier balloons, followed by the race to invent a mode of aerial transportation. Drawing on Smeathman's eye-witness accounts of the ascents, many of which have never been published, this essay explores his use of biomimetics to design a steerable balloon which would fund his return to Africa at the head of a mixed-race colony. His collaborators in Paris and London included Barthélemy Faujas de Saint-Fond, Le Marquis d'Arlandes, Paolo Andreani, and Jean-Pierre Blanchard.
Silver diamine fluoride: a preventive tool in Pediatric Dentistry
Authors: Ibrahim Aisha , Bhat Sham , Bhat Vidya , Hegde Sundeep
Published: March 2019

Dental caries, following a brief decline in the 20th century, has become rampant again in recent times. This has led to decline in overall health and a poor quality of life. To overcome this, researchers have introduced the medical model for management of the dental caries which views it as a disease rather than a lesion. This concept relies on the use of medicaments rather than on surgical treatment alone. Silver Diamine Fluoride (SDF) is one such medicament which has greatly revolutionized the management of this vicious disease especially in children. This review briefly outlines the history, mechanism of action, its indications, contraindications and application of SDF. Key words: caries, prevention, silver, fluoride
Aportaciones de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso al Trabajo con Madres y Padres de Niñas y Niños Atendidos en Salud Mental: Experiencias de la Intervención Grupal.
Authors: Díaz de Neira Hernando Mónica , Vidal Mariño Carmen , González Rueda Susana , Gutiérrez Recacha Pedro
Published: March 2019

En la literatura científica se pueden encontrar distintas propuestas de grupos destinados al entrenamiento de madres y padres de niños y niñas con problemas comportamentales, predominando aquéllas que se basan en la Terapia de Conducta. El desarrollo de las Terapias Contextuales ha supuesto un cambio poniendo la meta del tratamiento no en la reducción/eliminación de síntomas, sino en que la persona logre una vida con más significado, usando para ello estrategias de aceptación. En particular, la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso (ACT) ha aportado una teoría sobre la cognición y el lenguaje, destacando su influencia en la regulación del comportamiento, integrando los valores en el tratamiento y desarrollando estrategias terapéuticas para enfrentarse de forma diferente a las emociones y pensamientos aversivos que funcionan como barreras para el cambio. El presente artículo describe la propuesta de un programa de diez sesiones basado en la ACT así como los resultados que se obtuvieron al aplicarlo en un Centro de Salud entre los años 2012 y 2015, a un total de 69 familias.
Formulación de caso en Terapia Focalizada en la Emoción: Del trabajo con marcadores y la facilitación del proceso, a la co-creación de un foco terapéutico
Authors: Goldman Rohnda N , Greenberg Leslie S , Caro Ciro
Published: March 2019

El modelo de formulación de caso (FC) en Terapia Focalizada en la Emoción (TFE) refleja el modo óptimo de trabajar de un terapeuta, que aplica los principios de este modelo. En ese sentido, pone de relieve el peso de las competencias perceptuales del clínico, que debe ser capaz de detectar e identificar los marcadores y micro-marcadores que permiten responder a la experiencia emocional del cliente en el momento y dentro de la sesión. E igualmente afirma la necesidad de contar con una estructura conceptual que dé soporte a la co-construcción de un foco terapéutico, de modo tal que el cliente gane agencia respecto a sus propias dificultades, y ofrezca al terapeuta una guía respecto a cuál es la base emocional de esas dificultades y cómo trabajar con ellas. Por otra parte, se pone de manifiesto el carácter humanista y constructivista de este enfoque, haciendo patente el rol del cliente como experto en su propia experiencia, y el del terapeuta como experto en procesos, que pone su competencia de formulación al servicio del cliente. Se presenta el modelo general de FC en TFE en términos de sus fases y pasos, y se abordan los aspectos epistemológicos y teóricos más relevantes: el encaje de la noción de formulación en una terapia humanista-experiencial, y la naturaleza abductiva del tipo de razonamiento a través del cual el terapeuta realiza inferencias.
Una mirada a la formulación de caso en psicoterapia: Introducción conceptual y perspectiva de futuro
Authors: Caro Ciro , Montesano Adrian
Published: March 2019

La formulación de caso es una de las competencias profesionales más complejas e importantes para el ejercicio de la psicoterapia. A pesar de que esta metodología de trabajo ha estado presente desde los inicios de la psicoterapia y la psicología clínica, todavía falta mucho por desarrollar tanto en el nivel formativo, como de la práctica cotidiana y de la investigación. Por ello, en este texto revisamos algunas de las cuestiones más importantes sobre el papel de la formulación de caso en la actualidad de la psicoterapia. Concretamente, abordamos estos tres puntos: (a) Las principales aproximaciones conceptuales existentes acerca de la formulación de caso, (b) la potencialidad de la formulación como alternativa al diagnóstico psiquiátrico, y (c) su rol en el contexto de la práctica basada en de la evidencia y la evidencia basada en la práctica. Asimismo, se señalan los beneficios terapéuticos de la formulación como metodología colaborativa y sensible a los significados personales del cliente, así como su capacidad para incrementar la efectividad de la práctica clínica.
Editorial: Formulación de Caso en Psicoterapia
Authors: Montesano Adrian , Caro Ciro
Published: March 2019

Editorial: Formulación de Caso en Psicoterapia
Desafíos Éticos en Psicoterapia. Perspectiva de Terapeutas y Pacientes.
Authors: Bascuñan Rodríguez María Luz
Published: March 2019

La psicoterapia posee un alto impacto en la vida de las personas e implica un amplio rango de riesgos éticos. Sin embargo, sólo recientemente nos hemos ocupado de estudiar empíricamente los aspectos éticos de esta actividad profesional considerado la perspectiva de los terapeutas así como de los consultantes. Este estudio se propone identificar algunos desafíos éticos que enfrenta la psicoterapia. Por desafío ético se entiende aquello que no podemos dejar de hacer así como a aquello que nos faltaría por hacer desde un punto de vista ético.  Para ello se diseño un estudio cualitativo en el que se realizaron entrevistas individuales a 15 formadores de terapeutas (o terapeutas expertos) y 13 consultantes (ex-pacientes). Como objetivos se planteó: 1) explorar la noción de ética profesional que sostienen los terapeutas; 2) describir los aspectos centrales de la ética profesional según terapeutas y pacientes; e 3) identificar los principales problemas éticos en psicoterapia de acuerdo la percepción de terapeutas y consultantes. Los resultados permitieron identificar dimensiones de la ética profesional y principios éticos compartidos por terapeutas y pacientes. Se diferencian tipos de problema éticos según su contenido y los valores en juego, identificando distintas necesidades educativas. Se discuten los datos describiendo un triple compromiso que adquiere el terapeuta con el consultante, consigo mismo y con el entorno.
Problem Solving Brief Therapy: A Case Conducted by John Weakland.
Authors: Carratala Eduard , Vilaregut Anna , Schlanger Karin , Günther Cristina
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to analyze a case conducted by John Weakland, as a cofounder of Problem Solving Brief Therapy (PSBT), in order to have a better understanding of the model and how it is developed. Existing literature was reviewed emphasizing the most characteristic aspects of PSBT, which focuses primarily on promoting changes. The case studied is of a couple that requested therapy at the Mental Research Institute (MRI) in 1992 because they were afraid of their son diagnosed with schizophrenic disorder. The couple was visited by John Weakland, cofounder of the PSBT, and considered to be a pioneer in the field of family therapy. With over 30 years of experience as a psychotherapist, he always sought to promote simple strategies for solving problems of human behavior. The case occurred in two sessions, presenting a positive follow-up feedback from the clients, three weeks after the last session of the therapy. Transcriptions were content analyzed with the support of the Atlas.ti software, considering the therapist’s speech turns as units of analysis (n=136). The analysis shows that Weakland, within two sessions, Explores in 52.2% and Intervenes in 44.1%. Data suggests that PSBT, as applied by Weakland, is characterized for being highly intervening and focused on the present, using a language that facilitates understanding of the process, and thus allows a concise therapy.
La Resiliencia en los contextos de Refugio
Authors: Villacieros Iciar
Published: March 2019

Desde el año 1955, el estudio de la resiliencia, ha ido creciendo en diversas áreas del conocimiento (Santos da Silva y cols, 2009).Desde los primeros estudios longitudinales que se realizaron (Werner y Smith, 1982), hasta la actualidad, se ha tratado de un fenómeno complejo, que asume una mayor importancia en contextos de riesgo (Santos da Silva y cols, 2009). De hecho, son los estudios de poblaciones rurales en extrema pobreza, los primeros en demostrar la existencia de este concepto y sus implicaciones a nivel familiar (Werner & Smith, 1982). De igual modo, el concepto de resiliencia es un acercamiento con grandes ventajas para acercarnos al fenómeno de las migraciones, especialmente cuando pobreza y migración se solapan y comparten sus principales características (González, 2004).Definimos resiliencia como: “La capacidad de la persona para recobrarse de la adversidad fortalecida y dueña de mayores recursos, Walsh (2004, p.26)”. Esta capacidad ha sido estudiada habitualmente desde la mirada del traumatismo individual, sin observarlo en su contexto y de forma dinámica. En cambio, el concepto de resiliencia familiar, pondría el foco en superar la crisis y el desafío desde la herramientas del propio sistema familiar (Villalba, 2003). En esta revisión bibliográfica de las investigaciones más actuales en resiliencia y refugio encontramos algunos de los factores las claves. Además, se propone el modelo ABCX (McCubbin, 1983) como un acercamiento aplicable al fenómeno de la resiliencia en contexto de refugio desde su dimensión de la familia.Por último se exponen algunas conclusiones y futuras investigaciones sobre el tema.
Los Fallos en la Relación Terapéutica, ¿Inevitables y Necesarios?
Authors: Guistolise Paul G.
Published: March 2019

Los errores terapéuticos son inevitables en el proceso psicoterapéutico. Este artículo examina su impacto en la relación terapéutica, tanto intra-psíquica como inter-personal. El autor describe varias causas de estos errores y examina el proceso por el cual estos fallos pueden y deberían ser reparados por el terapeuta. Se pregunta si estos errores no son sólo inevitables sino también, necesarios para el proceso terapéutico
Proceso Relacional de Grupo e Intersubjetividad: La Presencia y la Sintonía como Factores Terapéuticos en Psicoterapia de Grupo
Authors: Martínez Rodríguez Juan Manuel
Published: March 2019

Los grupos permiten apreciar con mayor claridad que la calidad de la experiencia, de la atmósfera grupal, y de la historia de los acontecimientos no dependen de nadie en particular sino más bien son el resultado de una construcción conjunta. Poner un foco intersubjetivo en psicoterapia permite profundizar el proceso psicoterapéutico y reparar los trastornos del Sí mismo. La Psicoterapia Integrativa suministra métodos útiles para el trabajo grupal que permiten hacer intervenciones eficaces con un abordaje intersubjetivo.
Empatía y pensamiento mágico en la formación de la alianza terapéutica en psicólogos y tarotistas
Authors: Parra Alejandro , Sciacca Claudia
Published: March 2019

El objetivo de este estudio es comparar el grado de vinculo que establecen dos estilos de intervención terapéutica, el grado de de empatía (cognitiva y afectiva) con el paciente y el pensamiento mágico (creencias paranormales) entre psicólogos clínicos y practicantes de tarot. Aunque ambos grupos difieren en cuanto a objetivos, instrumentos y procedimientos, sin embargo, hay evidencia empírica que sugiere los tarotistas producen cambios actitudinales, cognitivos, emocionales y existenciales significativos –a menudo positivos– en la vida de sus pacientes/consultantes. Se administró el Test de Empatía Cognitiva y Afectiva, el Inventario de Alianza Terapéutica, y el Cuestionario de Creencias Paranormales junto a una encuesta de estilos y prácticas de consejería (adaptada apropiadamente) a una muestra practicantes de tarot y psicólogos de orientación clínica. Los resultados sugieren que las emociones y las creencias de los pacientes/consultantes no deberían ser un obstáculo sino un “atajo” para empatizar o crear un puente funcional para una psicoterapia exitosa. Aunque no se encontraron diferencias en la construcción de la alianza terapéutica, los psicólogos no priorizaron la empatía con su paciente. De modo que la producción de mayor vínculo cognitivo/emocional entre tarotista/consultante posiblemente sea más flexible que el establecido por el psicoterapeuta/paciente.
Una propuesta para abordar la doble ceguera: la Terapia Familiar Crítica sensible al Género.
Authors: Macias-Esparza Lidia Karina , Laso Ortiz Esteban
Published: March 2019

En este texto reflexionamos sobre los sesgos de género en la terapia familiar, así como las implicaciones que tienen en el proceso de salud-enfermedad, diagnóstico y tratamiento de hombres y mujeres, y evidenciamos la doble ceguera respecto al género imperante en la disciplina: no sólo no sabemos sino que no sabemos que no sabemos. A continuación exponemos argumentos que abogan por el desarrollo de una terapia familiar crítica sensible al género desde la formación de las y los psicoterapeutas, lo cual supone la revisión y actualización de nuestras teorías y prácticas a la luz de la perspectiva de género, para facilitar una atención más respetuosa, equitativa, incluyente y eficaz.