bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relevance of Family History Taking in the Detection and Management of Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome
Authors: Torricelli Elena , Occhipinti Mariaelena , Cavigli Edoardo , Tancredi Giorgia , Rosi Elisabetta , Rossi Cesare , Bonaguro Michela , Candita Luisa , Papi Laura , Novelli Luca , Bezzi Michela , Bargagli Elena , Voltolini Luca , Pistolesi Massimo
Published: July 2019

Background: Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) is a rare autosomal-dominant inherited disorder characterized by inactivation of the gene Folliculin (FLCN), pulmonary cysts with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax, dermatological lesions, and an increased risk of developing renal malignancies. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the real prevalence of BHDS and its prevalence among patients with a familial history of pneumothorax. Methods: From July 2014 to December 2016, we consecutively studied all patients with spontaneous pneumothorax and a positive family history for the same condition referring to our Institution. The suspicious cases underwent genetic analysis of the BHDS-causative gene FLCN. FLCN-positive cases were further evaluated with routine blood tests, chest radiography, chest CT, abdominal MRI, and dermatological evaluation. Results: Among 114 patients admitted with spontaneous pneumothorax, 7 patients had a family history of pneumothorax, and 6/7 (85.7%) patients had positive genetic test for FLCN as well as 7/13 family members. Pulmonary cysts were found in all patients with a FLCN-positive genetic test. Most patients (10/13, 76.9%) had tiny pulmonary cysts less than 1 cm in diameter. The vast majority of cysts were intraparenchymal (12/13, 92.3%) and located in lower lobes. Dermatological lesions were found in 7/13 (54%) patients, renal cysts in 4/13 (31%) patients, and renal cancer in 1 (1/13, 7.7%) patient. Conclusions: Although BHDS is considered a rare disease, BHDS underlies spontaneous pneumothorax more often than usually believed, especially whenever a family history of pneumothorax is present. Diagnosis of BHDS is essential to start monitoring patients for the risk of developing renal malignancies.
An Inhibitor of Activated Blood Coagulation Factor X Shows Anti-Endothelial Senescence and Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects
Authors: Maeda Morihiko , Tsuboi Tomoe , Hayashi Toshio
Published: July 2019

Background: Coagulant factor Xa inhibitors (XaIs) are prescribed for patients with atrial fibrillation for years. Methods: Human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with or without (w/wo) a XaI (rivaroxaban) under high glucose (HG: 22 mM). Endothelial senescence was investigated by assessing senescence-associated-β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal), p53, and telomere length. Endothelial function and atherosclerosis were examined by nitric oxide-related-products (NOx: NO2– and NO3–), O2–, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), NADPH oxidase (p22phox), and ICAM1. PAR1 (protease-activated receptor 1) and PAR2, which were reported to regulate eNOS phosphorylation, were inhibited by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). Thirty-two male dyslipidemic type 2 diabetic rats (ZFDM LepRfa/fa) were fed a high-cholesterol diet w/wo XaI (50 µg/day/kg) for 1–4 weeks. Results: SA-β-gal, p53, p21, and p16INK4a were increased by HG and restored by XaI (50 nM) in HUVECs. XaI restored telomerase activity and preserved telomere length. XaI suppressed O2–, p22phox, and ICAM1 and restored NOx and eNOS. XaI decreased PAR1 following elevation by HG, which was confirmed by PAR1 siRNA and PAR2 siRNA. In in vivo experiments, plasma glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were increased for 4 weeks but were not changed by XaI. XaI decreased SA-β-gal and telomerase and preserved telomere length in the aortic endothelium. XaI activated eNOS, inhibited p22phox, increased plasma NOx, and decreased O2–. Conclusion: Rivaroxaban prevents replicative senescence in HUVECs and aortic endothelial cells in dyslipidemic diabetic mice. It restores endothelial function and prevents the progression of atherosclerosis.
Special Focus on Stage IV Cervical Cancer Patients: A Decade Experience
Authors: Espenel Sophie , Garcia Max Adrien , Langrand-Escure Julien , Vallard Alexis , Trone Jane Chloé , Rancoule Chloé , Vial Nicolas , Moreno-Acosta Pablo , Chauleur Céline , Boutet Claire , Peoc'h Michel , Prevot-Bitot Nathalie , Guy Jean Baptiste , Magné Nicolas
Published: July 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and compare prognostic factors, management strategies, and outcomes of very locally advanced cervical cancer (CC) (i.e., stage IVA) and metastatic CC (i.e., stage IVB). Method: A retrospective review was conducted based on all consecutive patients treatedfor stage IV CC in a comprehensive cancer care centre between 2004 and 2017. Results: Sixty-eight patients were included. Performance status (PS) was ≥2 for 35.9%. Median age at diagnosis was 60.5. There were 24 stage IVA CC (35.3%) and 44 stage IVB CC (64.7%). Seventeen patients with stage IVB CC had only para-aortic lymph node metastases (38.6%), 13 had only distant metastases (29.5%), and 14 had both (31.8%). Patients with stage IVA CC experienced a radiotherapy with curative intent (n = 14, 58.3%) +/– concomitant chemotherapy, or a palliative treatment (n = 10, 41.7%). Twenty-three patients with stage IVB CC received a prior chemotherapy (52.3%), 11 a primary concomitant chemoradiation (25%), and 10 a palliative treatment (22.7%). The mean follow-up was 18.0 months. The 5-year overall survival was 5.1% for stage IVA (95% CI = 0.7–33.9), and 10.5% for stage IVB (95% CI = 3.7–29.7). In multivariate analysis, PS >1 was identified as a poor prognostic factor of disease-specific survival for stage IVA CC. PS >1 and pelvic lymph node involvement were identified as poor prognostic factors of overall survival and disease-specific survival for stage IVB CC. Conclusions: In daily clinical practice, outcomes of stages IV CC are poor. Treatment of advanced and metastatic CC remains challenging. New management strategies are needed, as well as efficient preventive strategies.
Designing the ReACT App to Support Self-Management of People with Dementia: An Iterative User-Involving Process
Authors: Øksnebjerg Laila , Woods Bob , Waldemar Gunhild
Published: July 2019

Background: Assistive technology (AT) has the potential to support and enhance self-management of people living with dementia. However, a range of special and heterogeneous needs must be considered when designing and deploying AT for people with dementia, and consequently the involvement of end-users throughout the design process is essential to provide usable and effective AT solutions. Objective: The ReACT study was conducted to investigate how a tailor-made app, the ReACT app, can be designed and deployed to meet the needs of people with dementia in relation to self-management. Methods: This paper presents 4 steps of an iterative user-involving app design process. In the first step, a pilot study was conducted to explore the potential benefits and challenges of using existing off-the-shelf apps to support self-management when living with early-stage dementias. In the second step, focus group interviews provided in-depth understanding of the perspectives and needs of potential end-users of the app. The third step was a product benchmarking process, which served to further qualify the design process. Finally, results from these first 3 steps were included in the fourth step where the ReACT app was designed through an iterative codesign process. In total, 28 people with dementia, 17 family caregivers, and 10 professional caregivers were involved through these 4 iterative steps. Results: The functionalities and the design of the ReACT app directly reflect the perspectives and needs of end-users in relation to self-management. Support of memory and structure in daily living were identified as main needs, and the ReACT app was designed as a holistic and adaptable solution with a tailor-made calendar as a key feature. Conclusion: Based on this extensive iterative user-involving design process, the ReACT app has great potential to support and enhance self-management of people living with dementia. Further studies are needed to test and validate the usability and impact of the app, and methods for deployment and adoption of AT for people with dementia also need to be considered.
Rac1 GTPase Inhibition Blocked Podocyte Injury and Glomerular Sclerosis during Hyperhomocysteinemia via Suppression of Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain-Like Receptor Containing Pyrin Domain 3 Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Zhang Qinghua , Conley Sabena M. , Li Guangbi , Yuan Xinxu , Li Pin-Lan
Published: July 2019

Elevated homocysteine (Hcy) levels have been shown to activate nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome leading to podocyte dysfunction and glomerular injury. However, it remains unclear how this inflammasome activation in podocytes is a therapeutic target for reversal of glomerular injury and ultimate sclerosis. The present study tested whether inhibition of Rac1 GTPase activity suppresses NLRP3 inflammation activation and thereby blocks podocyte injury induced by elevated Hcy. In cultured podocytes, we found that L-Hcy (the active Hcy form) stimulated the NLRP3 inflammasome formation, as shown by increased colocalization of NLRP3 with apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) or caspase-1, which was accompanied by increased interleukin-1β production and caspase-1 activity, indicating NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Rac1 activator, uridine triphosphate (UTP), mimicked L-Hcy-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, while Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 blocked it. This Rac1 inhibition also prevented L-Hcy-induced podocyte dysfunction. All these effects were shown to be mediated via lipid raft redox signaling platforms with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase subunits and consequent O2– production. In animal studies, hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcy) induced by folate-free diet was shown to induce NLRP3 inflammasome formation and activation in glomeruli, which was also mimicked by UTP and inhibited by NSC23766 to a comparable level seen in Nlrp3 gene knockout mice. These results together suggest that Rac1 inhibition protects the kidney from hHcy-induced podocyte injury and glomerular sclerosis due to its action to suppress NLRP3 inflammasome activation in podocytes.
Audiological Evaluation of Vestibular Schwannoma Patients with Normal Hearing
Authors: Salem Nervana , Galal Ahmed , Mastronardi Valentina , Talaat Mohamed , Sobhy Ossama , Sanna Mario
Published: July 2019

Objective: To evaluate the audiological aspects of vestibular schwannoma (VS) patients with normal hearing. Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Quaternary referral center for skull base pathologies. Patients: The records on 4,000 patients who had been diagnosed with VS between 1986 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The patients included in the study were the ones who complied with the strict audiological normality criteria, as follows: a pure tone hearing threshold (at the 6-octave-spaced frequencies from 250 to 8,000 Hz) ≤25 dBHL; a word recognition score >90%; and interaural differences ≤10 dB at each frequency. Interventions: Auditory brainstem response (ABR) testing and radiological imaging. Main Outcome Measures: The incidence of normal objective hearing among VS patients, and the diagnostic utility of the ABR and the effect of tumor size and site on the response. Results: The incidence of normal hearing among VS patients was 4.2%. Tinnitus and vertigo were the most common symptoms across tumor grades; 5.6% of the tumors were large and giant tumors. The ABR yielded a sensitivity of 73.6%, with a false negative rate of 26.3% using a cutoff point of 0.2 ms for interaural latency differences. Conclusions: The diagnosis of VS should not be based on audiometric thresholds alone. Alarming signs of VS should be clear to the physician in order not to miss or delay the diagnosis of the disease. The ABR is useful in the diagnosis of VS, but normal results do not exclude the occurrence of the disease in patients with normal hearing.
Mice Lacking the Transcriptional Coactivator PGC-1α Exhibit Hyperactivity
Authors: Wang Jia , Yun Qi , Qian Jin-Jun , Song Hua-Rong , Wang Lei , Inkabi Samuel Eguasi , Xu Ru-Jing  , Hu Yan-Mei , Zhang Wei-Ning  , Einat Haim
Published: July 2019

Significant evidence from various sources suggests that structural alterations in mitochondrial function may play a role in both the pathogenesis of mood disorders and the therapeutic effects of available treatments. PGC-1α is a distinct transcriptional regulator designed to mediate the synchronous release of neurotransmitter in the brain and thereby to coordinate a number of gene expression pathways to promote mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation. The role of PGC-1α in the context of affective disorder phenotypes and treatments has been suggested but not studied in depth. To further investigate the possible involvement of PGC-1α in affective disorders, we generated conditional PGC-1α null mice through transgenic expression of cre recombinase under the control of a Dlx5/6 promoter; cre-mediated excision events were limited to γ-amino-butyric-acid (GABA)-ergic specific neurons. We tested these mice in a battery of behavioral tests related to affective change including spontaneous activity, elevated plus maze, forced swim test, and tail suspension test. Results demonstrated that mice lacking PGC-1α in GABAergic neurons exhibited increased activity across tests that might be related to a mania-like phenotype. These results suggest possible relevance of PGC-1α to affective change, which corresponds with data connecting mitochondrial function and affective disorders and their treatment.
Management of Neonatal Facial Paralysis due to Cerebellopontine Angle Arachnoid Cyst: A Case Report
Authors: Karaaslan Burak , Doğan Eray , Börcek Alp Özgün
Published: July 2019

Arachnoid cysts are benign, cerebrospinal fluid-filled collections that can be located in the brain or spinal cord. Arachnoid cysts form approximately 1% of all intracranial lesions. They are accepted as arachnoid developmental anomaly and arise from membrane splitting or duplication. Generally, lesion growth causes symptoms because of mass effect or obstruction. Arachnoid cyst growing mechanisms are a largely controversial issue. We report the case of a neonatal female patient who presented with congenital facial paralysis. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a right cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst causing severe mass effect on the brain stem. Cyst fenestration and cystocisternal shunt was performed through retrosigmoid suboccipital craniotomy.
Associations of Neprilysin Activity in CSF with Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Grimmer Timo , Goldhardt Oliver , Yakushev Igor , Ortner Marion , Sorg Christian , Diehl-Schmid Janine , Förstl Hans , Kurz Alexander , Perneczky Robert , Miners Scott
Published: July 2019

Background: Neprilysin (NEP) cleaves amyloid-β 1–42 (Aβ42) in the brain. Hence, we aimed to elucidate the effect of NEP on Aβ42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and on in vivo brain amyloid load using amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]PiB (Pittsburgh compound B). In addition, associations with the biomarkers for neuronal injury, CSF-tau and FDG-PET, were investigated. Methods: Associations were calculated using global and voxel-based (SPM8) linear regression analyses in the same cohort of 23 highly characterized Alzheimer’s disease patients. Results: CSF-NEP was significantly inversely associated with CSF-Aβ42 and positively with the extent of neuronal injury as measured by CSF-tau and FDG-PET. Conclusions: Our results on CSF-NEP are compatible with the assumption that local degradation, amongst other mechanisms of amyloid clearance, plays a role in the development of Alzheimer’s pathology. In addition, CSF-NEP is associated with the extent and the rate of neurodegeneration.
Local Therapy in Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma: A Review of Current Endoscopic, Medical, and Oncologic Treatment Options
Authors: Jung Carlo Felix Maria , Lavole Julie , Barret Maximilien , Abou Ali Einas , Palmieri Lola-Jade , Dermine Solene , Barré Amélie , Chaussade Stanislas , Coriat Romain
Published: July 2019

Endoscopic decompression of bile duct stenosis in unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CC) may be difficult due to localization of the tumor, but it is important for pursuing oncologic treatment afterwards. Besides the initial diagnosis, jaundice and cholangitis are the most important indications for immediate endoscopic treatment. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is the favored approach for biliary access and stent placement. Hilar tumors are more difficult to treat and sometimes need higher endoscopic or radiologic expertise. In general, biliary decompression is accompanied by antibiotic treatment. Oncologic treatment of CC remains difficult, as it has to be interrupted when ­infectious complications occur. For chemotherapy, a gemcitabine/cisplatin-based regime is favored. A validated ­second-line treatment does not exist. Several therapeutic options are therefore offered to patients, including photodynamic therapy, selective internal radiotherapy, and high-dose radiotherapy. Exact treatment recommendations do not exist due to tumor rarity and lack of randomized controlled trials. In the present article, we take a look at current endoscopic, medical, and oncologic challenges from the endoscopist’s point of view.
A Prospective Open-Label Pilot Study of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in High-Functioning Autistic Patients with a Dysexecutive Syndrome
Authors: Rothärmel Maud , Moulier Virginie , Vasse Marianne , Isaac Clémence , Faerber Mathieu , Bendib Bilal , Mirea-Grivel Iris , Opolczynski Gaëlle , Rosier Antoine , Guillin Olivier
Published: July 2019

Background: Executive functions (EF) are often impaired in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Such dysfunctions are associated with anxiety, depression, and a lack of autonomy. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to enhance EF in healthy adults and clinical populations and to improve working memory − a component of the EF − in adults with high-functioning ASD (HF-ASD). We hypothesized that tDCS could improve the EF of HF-ASD patients. Such enhancement could improve their adaptive behaviors. Method: Eight patients with HF-ASD received 10 consecutive cathodal tDCS sessions (2 mA) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (F3) for 15 min each in an open trial. EF (with the Stroop test, Trail Making Test [TMT] A and B, Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test [mWCST], and Verbal Fluency Test) and behavioral dysexecutive syndrome (with the Behavioral Dysexecutive Syndrome Inventory and the Repetitive and Restricted Behaviour scale) were assessed before and 10 days after treatment. Results: This study showed significant improvement in initiation (TMT-A time: p = 0.018) and cognitive flexibility (TMT-B time: p = 0.009; letter Verbal Fluency Test: p = 0.017; mWCST total errors: p = 0.028) after tDCS. Regarding behavior, the hypoactivity of the patients improved, as well as their repetitive and restrictive behaviors. In addition, this noninvasive neurostimulation technique was well tolerated. Conclusions: Flexibility and initiation are the most impaired EF in autism. These are promising results which justify a randomized and placebo-controlled study in a wider population. If these results were confirmed by a randomized controlled trial, tDCS could be an easy and well-tolerated adjunctive treatment aiming to improve the quality of life and the autonomy of ASD patients.
Immunologische Ex-vivo-Untersuchung zur Wirkung potenzierter Substanzen bei parodontaler Entzündung unter Verwendung der Durchflusszytometrie
Authors: Gassmann Georg , Raak Christa , Schaupp Franziska , Büchel Katharina , Entschladen Frank , Ostermann Thomas , Friedmann Anton
Published: July 2019

Hintergrund: Bei der Behandlung parodontaler Entzündungen werden in der Versorgungspraxis auch homöopathische Mittel eingesetzt. Noch ist weniger über deren grundlegende Wirkprinzipien bekannt. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es daher, die Auswirkungen potenzierter Substanzen bei parodonta­ler Entzündung mittels Durchflusszytometrie zu untersuchen. Material und Methoden: Lymphozyten aus Blutproben von drei Parodontitis-Patienten und drei gematchten gesunden Probanden wurden extrahiert und mit stark verdünnten wässrigen Extrakten (D12 und C200) aus Mercurius solubilis, Silicea, Sulphur, Tuberculinum oder Placebo inkubiert. Um die Lymphozytenexpression zu untersuchen, wurde die Durchflusszytometrie für CD45R0- und CD25-Antikörper angewandt. Die statistische Analyse wurde unter Verwendung von Histogramm- und bivariaten Dot-Plot-Analysen durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: Veränderungen der Expression von CD25 und CD45R0 wurden bei Mercurius C200, Mercurius D12, Silicea D12 und Sulphur D12 beobachtet. Mit 36,47% zeigte Sulphur D12 die höchsten Veränderungen in der CD45R0-Expression zwischen Verum und Placebo bei den Parodontitis-Patienten. Die CD25-Expression war in Mercurius D12 mit 18,68% am höchsten. Aufgrund der hohen Variabilität konnten die Ergebnisse jedoch nicht durch statistische Analysen untermauert werden. Diskussion: Diese Studie konnte zeigen, wie Effekte hoch verdünnter Substanzen mit modernen immunologischen Methoden analysiert werden können. Obwohl die Schlussfolgerungen aufgrund der hohen Variabilität der Lymphozytenexpression begrenzt sind, könnten die Ergebnisse dieser Pilotstu­die weitere Untersuchungen anregen.
Effect of Reasons for Screen Failure on Subsequent Treatment Outcomes in Cancer Patients Assessed for Clinical Trials
Authors: Tiu Crescens , Loh Zoe , Gan Chun Loo , Gan Hui , John Thomas , Hawkes Eliza
Published: July 2019

Introduction: The cancer research community increasingly question the rigidity of eligibility criteria in clinical trials. Common reasons for “screen failure” (RFSF) are well documented; however, their effect on subsequent standard therapy (SST) and outcomes is unclear. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated patients aged ≥18 years with solid malignancy who were listed as ineligible on a screening log between February 2011 and March 2018. Patients screen-failed for biomarker results or incorrect cancer stage/prior treatment profile were excluded. Data were collected from electronic hospital records, including demographics, cancer history, RFSF, subsequent therapy, and outcomes. Results: Overall, 217 patients were eligible. The most common histologies were lung (28%), melanoma, colon, and pancreatic (all 11%); 90% were metastatic. The most common RFSF were rapid disease progression (PD; 16%), performance status (PS) ≥2 (12%), and abnormal liver function tests (aLFT; 12%). After screen failure, 129/217 (59%) had SST; 9 were dose-reduced. Treatment-naïve or phase III trial-ineligible patients were more likely to receive SST than those pre-treated or phase I trial-ineligible (72/104 vs. 52/113, p = 0.0006; 71/109 vs. 15/42, p = 0.00013), respectively. RFSF stabilised/improved in 104/217 (48%); the main RFSF was co-morbidity (19/104). The most common RFSF to deteriorate were rapid PD (27/72), PS ≥2 (20/72), and aLFT with liver metastases (LM; 13/72). Conclusions: RFSF related to organ function rarely deteriorate unless directly involved with underlying malignancy. Most RFSF do not prevent patients from having SST, nor increase dose reductions, especially in treatment-naïve/phase III trial-ineligible patients. Those with RFSF of poor PS, rapid PD, and aLFT from LM are less suitable for SST. Careful broadening of trial eligibility is warranted.
A Recurrent Variant in MAGEL2 in Five Siblings with Severe Respiratory Disturbance after Birth
Authors: Xiao Bing , Ji Xing , Wei Wei , Hui Yan , Sun Yu
Published: July 2019

Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SHFYNG) is caused by truncating mutations in the paternal allele of the MAGEL2 gene located in the Prader-Willi syndrome region. We report 5 newborns affected with SHFYNG in one family. Trio exome analysis revealed a heterozygous c.1996dupC frameshift mutation in MAGEL2 inherited from the unaffected father. The phenotypes showed strong resemblance, especially for severe respiratory disturbance requiring mechanical ventilation at birth. After discharge from the hospital, 4 of the patients died of respiratory insufficiency within 1 or 2 weeks after birth, and 1 child died after 110 days of aggravated apnea. Apnea or respiratory failure was the main cause of early death in this family. Respiratory distress is a common manifestation of SHFYNG, especially in patients with c.1996dupC mutations. Hypotonia is a main cause of respiratory disturbance, and we propose another possible cause affecting the respiratory center of the brain.
Dietary patterns of pregnant women, maternal excessive body weight and gestational diabetes
Authors: Zuccolotto Daniela Cristina Candelas , Crivellenti Lívia Castro , Franco Laércio Joel , Sarotelli Daniela Saes
Published: July 2019

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the dietary patterns of pregnant women with maternal excessive body weight and gestational diabetes mellitus . METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted with a convenience sample of 785 adult pregnant women attended by the Unified Health System of Ribeirão Preto, state of São Paulo, between 2011 and 2012. Two 24-hour dietary recalls, corrected by the multiple source method, were employed. For the classification of the body mass index and the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus, the criteria by Atalah and the World Health Organization were used, respectively. Dietary patterns were obtained by principal component analysis using the Varimax rotation method. The relationship between adherence to patterns, overweight and obesity was analyzed by multinomial logistic regression models and the relationship with gestational diabetes mellitus by adjusted unconditional logistic regression models. RESULTS: We identified four dietary patterns: “traditional Brazilian”; “snacks”; “coffee” and “healthy”. Women with a higher adherence to the “Healthy” (OR = 0.52; 95%CI 0.33–0.83) and “Brazilian Traditional” patterns (OR = 0.61; 95%CI 0.38–0.96) presented a lower chance of obesity, when compared to women with lower adherence, regardless of confounding factors. After adjustment for maternal excessive body weight, there was no association between dietary patterns and gestational diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS: Among the pregnant women, greater adherence to “traditional Brazilian” and “healthy” patterns was inversely associated with obesity, but no relationship was identified with gestational diabetes mellitus after adjusting for excessive body weight. Prospective studies are recommended to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns, overweight and gestational diabetes mellitus, reducing the chance of reverse causality
A new species of Telmatobius (Anura, Ceratophryidae) from Northern Jujuy Province, Argentina
Authors: BARRIONUEVO J. SEBASTIÁN , BALDO DIEGO
Published: July 2019

We describe a new species of frog of the genus Telmatobius from Laguna de Los Pozuelos basin in the northernmost region of Argentina in Jujuy province. Osteological, larval and karyological characters are also included. Telmatobius rubigo sp. nov., was previously referred as T. marmoratus, from which is easily distinguishable by the coloration pattern of adults, metamorphs and tadpoles, and other morphological features. The new taxon is compared with the other species from Argentina and from the neighboring Andean regions of Bolivia and Chile.
A new feeding group within larval Drusinae (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae): the Drusus alpinus Group sensu Schmid, 1956, including larval descriptions of Drusus franzi Schmid, 1956, and Drusus alpinus (Meyer-Dür, 1875)
Authors: GRAF W. , WARINGER J. , PAULS S. U.
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a description of the hitherto unknown larvae of Drusus franzi Schmid, 1956, and Drusus alpinus (Meyer-Dür, 1875). Information on the morphological and genetic identification of both species is given, and the most important diagnostic features are illustrated. Their systematic position within the genus Drusus is affirmed and zoogeographical and ecological notes are added.
Analysis of the geographical distribution of Psammolestes Bergroth (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in South America, with new records of Psammolestes tertius Lent & Jurberg
Authors: GURGEL-GONÇALVES RODRIGO , SILVA REINALDA BANDEIRA
Published: July 2019

The genus Psammolestes is comprised of three recognized Rhodniini species: P. arthuri, P. coreodes, and P. tertius. The geographical distribution of these triatomines in South America was analyzed using ecological niche modeling. Additionally, temperature, precipitation, and altitude limits for these species were estimated. The genetic algorithm for rule-set production (GARP) was applied to predict their geographical distribution. The models used were able to predict, with high probabilities, the occurrence of P. tertius in open woodlands of South America (mainly Cerrado and Caatinga ecoregions), making it the Psammolestes species with the widest distribution. P. arthuri presented a discontinuous potential distribution covering the Venezuelan Llanos and southeastern/southwestern fringes of Amazonia. P. coreodes presented the southernmost area of distribution, occurring mainly in the Argentinean Chaco. The models also support potential areas of co-occurrence for P. tertius and P. coreodes in southwestern Brazil. Clear ecological niche differences were observed for the three species: while P. arthuri occurred in warm and humid areas, P. coreodes occupied the driest and coldest areas. P. tertius presented intermediate climatological limits and occurred in the highest altitudes. Although climatic factors may determine the triatomine distribution, biotic factors, such as the association with thornbirds (Phacellodomus), may also influence the geographical distribution of Psammolestes species. Finally, this study confirms the usefulness of ecological niche modeling as a tool for studies on biogeographical aspects of triatomines.
Taxonomy of Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta): The state of affairs
Authors: HOVE HARRY A. TEN , KUPRIYANOVA ELENA K.
Published: July 2019

The Serpulidae are a large group of sedentary polychaetes inhabiting calcareous tubes. The relationships within the group are poorly understood and taxonomy of the group is very confused which is a major obstacle to accessing their phylogeny. This review provides up-to-date information on the current state of taxonomy of Serpulidae sensu lato (not including Spirorbinae). The morphology of the group is reviewed with special reference to the features that can provide characters for future phylogenetic analyses. Scanning electron micrographs illustrate the structure of the chaetae and uncini. The list of 46—in our opinion valid—genera is accompanied by detailed generic diagnoses, species composition and distribution (checklist), and remarks on major taxonomic literature. A taxonomic key to the genera and a list of invalid genera with synonymy is also provided.
Revision in part of the genus Nebrioporus Régimbart, 1906, with emphasis on the N. laeviventris-group (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)
Authors: TOLEDO MARIO
Published: July 2019

The genus Nebrioporus Régimbart, 1906 is reviewed and partially revised. The historical subgeneric divisions have not been subscribed to here because they fail to reflect the natural grouping within the genus. Instead, Nebrioporus has been divided into eight species-groups recognised and described with character analysis and keys for their identification. The N. laeviventris-group, comprising 4 subgroups and 13 species, has been revised. The N. depressus-group, the most speciose within the genus, is redefined and dealt with in detail with keys for the identification of the species and morphological illustrations accompanying the taxonomic discussion for selected species. The N. sansii-group, as here defined, is also keyed and illustrated and the species N. lynesi (J. Balfour-Browne, 1947) is revised and inserted into this group. Revisional notes are provided also for the following species: Nebrioporus canariensis (Bedel, 1881), N. capensis (Omer-Cooper, 1953), N. dubius (Aubé, 1838b), N. kiliani (Peyerimhoff, 1929), N. kilimandjarensis (Régimbart, 1906), N. seriatus (Sharp, 1882), N. simplicipes (Sharp, 1884), N. solivagus (Omer-Cooper, 1965), N. vagrans (Omer-Cooper, 1953). All revised species are provided with a short redescription, illustration of diagnostic characters and distributional analysis. For several species new distributional records are given. Illustrations of habitus and male characters are provided also for species not discussed in the text. A comprehensive checklist of the genus Nebrioporus is given, with synonyms. Two new species are described: N. amicorum sp.n. from Crete and N. sagartus sp.n. from Iran, both belonging to the N. laeviventris-group, the former described from material previously determined as Nebrioporus stearinus (Kolenati, 1854). Nebrioporus seriatus (Sharp, 1882) is found to be a member of the abyssinicus-group and inserted into previous identification keys. Nebrioporus suavis (Sharp, 1882) is here considered as a western subspecies of N. stearinus (new status as Nebrioporus stearinus suavis (Sharp)). New synonyms: Zimmermannius Guignot, 1941 = Nebrioporus Régimbart, 1906; Hydroporus walkeri Branden, 1885 = Hydroporus crotchi Preudhomme de Borre, 1871; Hydroporus variegatus Aubé, 1838a = Hydroporus stearinus Kolenati, 1845; Deronectes turca Seidlitz, 1887 = Hydroporus stearinus Kolenati, 1845; Potamonectes sulphuricola Zaitzev, 1951 = Hydroporus airumlus Kolenati, 1845. Lectotypes are designated for: Hydroporus clarkii Wollaston, 1862; Deronectes simplicipes Sharp, 1884; Deronectes anchoralis Sharp, 1884; Hydroporus kiliani Peyerimhoff, 1929; Deronectes seriatus Sharp, 1882; Deronectes arabicus Sharp, 1882; Deronectes islamiticus Sharp, 1882; Deronectes princeps Sharp, 1882; Hydroporus stearinus Kolenati, 1845; Deronectes suavis Sharp, 1882; Hydroporus crotchi Preudhomme de Borre, 1871; Hydroporus insignis Klug, 1833; Hydroporus semiclusus Walker, 1871; Deronectes hostilis Sharp, 1884; and Hydroporus melanogrammus Régimbart, 1899.
Remarks on A new Phyllomedusa Wagler (Anura, Hylidae) with reticulated pattern on flanks from Southeastern Brazil
Authors: BRANDÃO REUBER ALBUQUERQUE , ÁLVARES GUILHERME FAJARDO R.
Published: July 2019

Some species in the Phyllomedusa hypochondrialis species group have a reticulated pattern on the hidden parts of the flanks and limbs. These species are quite interesting given their characteristic distribution on mountain ranges, reproduction occurring in streams and rivulets, and by the surprising richness of the group. Four new species of Phyllomedusa were described in the last five years; three were species with reticulated pattern on flanks, endemic to restricted mountain ranges (Brandão 2002, Caramaschi et al., 2006, Giaretta et al., 2007). The most recently described species is Phyllomedusa araguari (Giaretta et al., 2007). However, some information reported in this description in relation to the original description of Phyllomedusa oreades (Brandão 2002) deserves further comments. Phyllomedusa araguari was described based on only three individuals and the authors stated that it can be easily distinguished from the very similar P. oreades by: 1) the presence of a reticulated pattern bordering the upper jaw and encircling the eyes (absent in P. oreades), 2) by having a broader reticulated strip in flanks, 3) a well defined reticulated pattern on throat, belly and ventral surfaces of limbs, 4) less projected nostrils, and 5) white ventral surface in life (pink in P. oreades). Phyllomedusa araguari was also reported as a pond breeder, while P. oreades is a stream breeder.
A new species of Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris) (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in Hypostomus cordovae (Pisces: Loricariidae) from Argentina
Authors: RAMALLO GERALDINE
Published: July 2019

A new species of Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris) (Anisakidae) from the intestine of Hypostomus cordovae is described. It represents the fourth South American species, and the first species reported from Argentina. It is separated from its congeners by possessing three pairs of postanal papillae, and by the shape and size of the lips.
Complicated histories: three new species of poison frogs of the genus Ameerega (Anura: Dendrobatidae) from north-central Peru
Authors: BROWN JASON L. , TWOMEY EVAN
Published: July 2019

We describe three new species of poison frogs discovered on recent expeditions throughout Central Peru. Two of these were discovered from the Serranía de Contamana, a small mountain range near the town of Contamana on the Río Ucayali in Central Peru. The first of these species is similar in appearance to Ameerega petersi, but the two species differ in call and size, have allopatric distributions, and are not close relatives according to a Bayesian phylogeny. This species is also similar morphologically to A. pongoensis, although the latter lacks flash marks above the groin and has a distinct advertisement call. Our phylogenetic data suggest that this species is closely related to A. bassleri, a species which is much larger and usually possesses a brightly-colored yellow or orange dorsum. The second new species has a red dorsum and is similar in appearance to A. bassleri, A. cainarachi, and the third new species described herein, but can be distinguished by its unusual advertisement call. The third new species in this paper was discovered in the upper Huallaga Valley near the towns of Tocache and Juanjui. This species resembles certain populations of A. bassleri and the second new species (mentioned above), but can be diagnosed by its advertisement call which is significantly slower than its closest relatives; approximately one-half the speed of A. bassleri and one-quarter the speed of the second new species. Finally, we discuss the biogeography of the A. bassleri clade in light of these new discoveries. The biogeography of this clade is consistent with the disturbance-vicariance hypothesis, and climatic fluctuations were likely a major driver in the divergence and speciation of this group. We also present a phylogeny with increased sampling in the A. petersi clade and discuss the taxonomy of the group.
A review of Chinese Pupinidius Moellendorff (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora: Enidae), with the description of a new species
Authors: WU MIN , ZHENG WEI
Published: July 2019

The genus Pupinidius Moellendorff, 1901 is reviewed based on the examination of the majority of Chinese species. Fourteen out of sixteen known species and subspecies are re-described, most conchologically and some with details of the internal anatomy. Pupinidius latilabrum (Annandale, 1923), once regarded as a synonym of P. gregorii, is reestablished. An additional species, Pupinidius wenxian sp. nov. is described from South Gansu, West China.
A new genus and new species of symbiotic crab (Crustacea: Brachyura: Pinnotheroidea) from Okinawa, Japan
Authors: NARUSE TOHRU , FUJITA YOSHIHISA , NG PETER K. L.
Published: July 2019

A new genus and new species of symbiotic pinnotheroid crab is described from Oura Bay, Okinawa, Japan. The new genus is superficially similar to the pinnotherine Sakaina and several pinnothereliine genera (Pinnotheridae), but shares key diagnostic characters (third maxillipeds, orbits, ambulatory legs, male abdomen, telson and male first gonopod) with Aphanodactlyus and Gandoa. Together with Aphanodactlyus and Gandoa, the new genus is tentatively placed in the Pinnotheridae sensu lato.
Cercyon castaneipennis sp. n., an overlooked species from Europe (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Authors: VORST OSCAR
Published: July 2019

Cercyon castaneipennis sp. n. is recognised as a species distinct from C. obsoletus (Gyllenhal). Apart from small differences in the morphology of the aedeagus, both species can be separated by the structure of the mentum, the shape of the antennal club and the structure and colouration of the elytra. Cercyon castaneipennis is currently known from Central Europe and the southern part of North Europe. In the Netherlands, at the western border of its range, it is considered a recent immigrant, as records before the year 2000 are lacking. A lectotype for C. obsoletus is designated.
Micropezidae (Diptera, Nerioidea) of Mauritius, with a description of Paraeurybata new genus
Authors: MARSHALL S.A.
Published: July 2019

The Micropezidae species of Mauritius are reviewed on the basis of recent collections. Mimegralla splendens (Wiedemann 1830) is newly recorded from Mauritius and the new genus Paraeurybata is described for Calobata taeniata Macquart 1851. A third species, Courtoisia apicalis (Macquart 1851), remains known only from the type specimen collected in Réunion and from a single specimen collected in Mauritius in 1963.
Shaping Rollable Display Devices: Effects of Gripping Condition, Device Thickness, and Hand Length on Bimanual Perceived Grip Comfort
Authors: Lee Songil , Kyung Gyouhyung , Kim Minjoong , Choi Donghee , Choi Hyeeun , Hwang Kitae , Park Seonghyeok , Kim Su Young , Lee Seungbae
Published: July 2019

Objective

To examine the effects of the gripping condition, device thickness, and hand length on bimanual perceived grip comfort associated with unrolling hand-held rollable screens.

Background

Rollable displays can be rolled and unrolled to change screen size. Although diverse rollable display device concepts have been suggested, little is known regarding ergonomic forms for comfortable screen unrolling.

Method

Thirty young individuals (10 in each hand-length group) evaluated three rollable display device prototypes in three gripping conditions (no restriction on using side bezels, minimal use of side bezels, and restriction on the gripping type). Prototypes differed in their right-side thickness (2, 6, and 10 mm). Side bezel regions grasped during screen unrolling and corresponding bimanual grip comfort ratings were obtained.

Results

To improve perceived grip comfort and accommodate user-preferred gripping methods, rollable display devices should be 6 mm (preferably 10 mm) thick (vs. 2 mm) and have at least 20-mm-wide side bezels. Relative to device thickness, gripping conditions were more influential on grip comfort ratings. The “no restriction” condition improved grip comfort ratings and strengthened bimanual coupling in terms of grip comfort ratings.

Conclusion

Contrary to current smartphone trends toward thinner and bezel-less designs, hand-held rollable display devices should be sufficiently thick and have sufficiently wide side bezels for screen unrolling.

Application

Hand-held rollable display devices should be 6- or preferably 10-mm thick (vs. 2 mm) and have at least 20-mm-wide side bezels to ensure higher perceived grip comfort during bilateral screen unrolling.
Numerical investigation of the effect of thermal gradients on curing performance of autoclaved laminates
Authors: Wang Qing , Wang Lingyun , Zhu Weidong , Xu Qiang , Ke Yinglin
Published: July 2019

Autoclave curing process is one of the most frequently used manufacturing techniques of thermosetting composite materials. An efficient curing process requires good understanding of the thermal behavior of molds and composites during autoclave processing. In this paper, the effect of thermal gradients on curing performance of laminates is investigated through numerical approaches. In the first section, a computational fluid dynamics–finite element method numerical model is established to simulate the temperature field and the process-induced deformation of laminates. Then, a curved composite part with two different structures of mold is introduced to exhibit different temperature and degree of cure gradients during the autoclave process. Furthermore, by analyzing the position errors of measurement points, the deformation of the composite parts in different molds is evaluated. The results suggested that more synchronous curing process and less deformation of the composite part can be achieved by reducing the thermal gradients. In this specific case of a curved part, the range of position errors in X direction (the length direction) is reduced by 86.9% with the redesigned mold.
Design of the ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composites with multiple nanoparticles: An artificial intelligence approach
Authors: Vinoth A , Datta Shubhabrata
Published: July 2019

This study proposes a suitable composite material for acetabular cup replacements in hip joint that involves ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, a clinically proven material, as the matrix. To design new ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composites with multiple reinforcements for the improvement in mechanical and tribological performance, artificial neural network and genetic algorithm, the two artificial intelligence techniques, are employed. Published reports on the use of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotube and graphene are used as database to develop two artificial neural network models for Young's modulus and tensile strength. The optimum solutions are obtained using genetic algorithm, where the artificial neural network models are used as the objective functions. Two different composites, derived from the optimum solutions, are made reinforcing both multi-walled carbon nanotube and graphene. Tensile and wear tests show significant enhancement in the properties. The structures of the composites are also characterized, and wear mechanisms are discussed.
The challenge of the oil palm: Using degraded land for its cultivation
Authors: Mutsaers HJW
Published: July 2019

Palm oil is a valuable product used all over the world in a vast number of products for daily use. The oil palm, once well established, is very productive, captures large amounts of carbon and provides good protection to the soil. The use of residues as fuel makes oil extraction plants self-sufficient in energy and produces surplus electricity. A large part of the plant nutrients can be recycled by composting empty fruit bunches, with palm oil mill effluent and ashes added. Smallholders contribute close to 50% of the palm oil traded worldwide. The crop has acquired a bad reputation, however, because of the forests which have been and continue to be cleared for new plantations. The rate of forest clearing has been particularly high in Indonesia and Malaysia, with Thailand and some African countries following at a distance. Forests on peat soils are also increasingly used, releasing even larger amounts of CO2 from peat decomposition. In the ecologies where oil palm thrives, vast expanses of speargrass ( Imperata cylindrica) have resulted from logging and injudicious land use, including poorly managed plantations. Although speargrass is hard to get rid of, a sequence of annual and perennial plant species is capable to suppress the grass, opening a window for planting oil palm in the degraded land. A well-established oil palm crop will then keep the grass out, because of the latter’s intolerance for shade. Thus, the oil palm’s image in the eyes of the public as an ecological disaster can be converted into its opposite: that of a tool to restore the productive capacity of degraded lands. Vast numbers of smallholders can thereby safeguard their livelihood. The oil palm industry has the means and skills to make this happen.