bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimised path planning of a UAV for inventory management applications
Authors: Maweni Thabisa , Setati Tiro , Botha Natasha
Published: December 2023

Inventory management in warehouses is a crucial task in the logistics industry. Manual stocktaking in larger-scale warehouses can be time-consuming and labour-intensive. To automate this process, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have gained popularity due to their potential to offer a safer, timeous, and more efficient solution. However, deploying drone systems can face challenges and therefore requires planning tasks such as path planning. This study investigates two commonly used UAV flight paths to identify the optimal path within a warehouse: zigzag and up-down flight paths. A Gazebo simulation was considered with a six-rotor UAV model to analyse the different flight paths. The accuracy of both path types is measured for comparison, and flight times were considered as a means for optimisation. The results indicated that the zigzag flight path is the most optimal with the shortest flight time. The study found that the zigzag path resulted in a 27.25% shorter estimated flight time compared to the up-down path.
Applying design for additive manufacturing to existing aerospace parts
Authors: Bester Duwan
Published: December 2023

Additive Manufacturing has widely been used in the aerospace industry. However, local uptake in the aerospace industry has been slow with mostly additively manufactured polymer parts being used. The Advanced High Performance Reconnaissance Light Aircraft (AHRLAC), which is a locally produced military aircraft, is well positioned to prove the local capabilities in Metal Additive Manufacturing to the local Aerospace industry. Two parts of this aircraft were identified through prior experience in Additive Manufacturing and taken through the Design for Additive Manufacturing process. The identified parts were a forward cockpit control cable mount and a canopy guide. The parts were redesigned using topology optimisation and, in both instances, a weight, cost, and lead time reduction was achieved.
Development of a compression moulding process for the manufacturing of artificial polymer heart valves
Authors: Masheane Ronald , Combrinck Jacques , Masheane Lebohang
Published: December 2023

In this study a controllable compression moulding process has been developed for the manufacturing of variable thickness polyurethane heart valves. An experimental facility was established for the compression moulding process. Additive manufactured polymer moulds (AM) were used to determine the suitable design configuration and test process parameters for the successful manufacturing of polyurethane heart valves. Experiments were carried out with a polyurethane solution (PC3595A-B20 and PC3595A) and solvents (N, N-Dimethylacetamide and Tetrahydrofuran) to investigate the effect of changing compression moulding parameters. Due to the capability of the compression mould to produce thin-walled parts with controlled thickness, experimental results demonstrated that a well-controlled compression moulding technique is a feasible alternative to the dip moulding process. The AM polymer moulds demonstrated that this process could be used in an automated experimental facility to create a working prototype polyurethane heart valve. The AM polymer moulds demonstrated that it is possible to obtain a suitable design configuration of a mould layout and to create a working prototype polyurethane heart valve.
Effect of cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of high Ti-V microalloyed steel
Authors: Rezaei Seyed Reza Jafarpour , Siyasiya Charles W. , Moema Joseph
Published: December 2023

High-strength low-alloy steels are known for their superior mechanical properties and these desired properties are achieved through controlled hot rolling. The cooling rate is one of the most important factors in controlled hot rolling, which plays a major role in the final microstructure and mechanical properties. In this work, the effect of the cooling rate on the final microstructure and mechanical properties of high Ti-V HSLA microalloyed steel was investigated using the Gleeble 1500™ thermomechanical processing simulator. The samples were cooled to room temperature after final pass deformation using two different cooling rates to simulate the 16 and 30 mm thick plate rolling patterns. Polygonal ferrite was found to be a dominant phase in the final microstructures; SEM-EBSD IPF maps also showed grains with random orientation distribution. Yield strength and ultimate tensile stress increased by approximately 14% and 10%, respectively, with increasing cooling rate.
Effect of heat-treatment on corrosion performance of Ni and Ni-Cr-based alloys
Authors: Morudu Veronica , Hadebe Nomsombuluko , Mulaudzi Marandela , Phasha Maje
Published: December 2023

Metal dusting is described as a severe form of corrosion attack in which iron, steels, nickel- and cobalt-based alloys disintegrate into metal or metal carbide particles in a coke deposit when exposed to strongly carburising gases (carbon activity ac>1) at elevated temperatures (300-800°C). Despite intense research efforts, which led to much progress in mitigating metal dusting, particularly in the oil and gas industry, the complete prevention still remains an issue. Current study focuses on measuring corrosion resistance of heat-treated austenitic Ni, Ni-Cr-based complex alloy compositions containing iron and copper as additional alloying elements.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 from raman spectroscopy data using machine learning models
Authors: Tsebesebe Nkgaphe , Mpofu Kelvin , Ndlovu Sphumelele , Sivarasu Sudesh , Mthunzi-Kufa Patience
Published: December 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a member of the coronaviruses that caused the COVID-19 pandemic. The pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 virus can act as a miRNA sponge to lower cellular miRNA levels, making it a more dangerous human coronavirus. Diagnostic testing of the virus is intended to identify current infection in individuals and is performed when a person exhibits symptoms that are compatible with COVID-19. In this work, machine learning models (artificial neural network, decision tree, and support vector machine) are used to classify Raman spectroscopy samples as healthy or infected with SARS-CoV-2. The aim of the work is to introduce an alternative method for detecting SARS-CoV-2. The accuracy of the artificial neural network, the support vector machine and the decision tree were 94%, 90%, and 87%, respectively. The algorithms produced evidence of high recall and specificity. Hence, integrating Raman spectroscopy with machine learning has the potential to serve as an alternative diagnostic tool.
Engineering of TiN (N = 1 – 15) nanoclusters by doping osmium impurity
Authors: Moeti Ramalebana , Phaahla Tshegofatso M. , Ngoepe Phuti E. , Chauke Hasani R.
Published: December 2023

Bimetallic transition metal nanoclusters have attracted significant attention in recent years due to their wide range of applications such as heterogeneous catalysts, electrochemistry and alloy design. However many studies were reported on pure transition metal nanoclusters and bimetallic of late transition metal nanoclusters. In this study the density functional theory (DFT) with PBEsol exchange correlation functional was employed to investigate the structural and electronic properties of TiN-1Os (N = 2-16) nanoclusters. The calculations showed that osmium impurity mostly prefers to be encapsulated by titanium nanoclusters. The binding energies gradually decrease with the cluster size N. The Os dopant was found to enhance the binding energy of titanium nanoclusters. The relative stability or second order energies showed that Ti6Os and Ti12Os clusters are the most stable. Interestingly, osmium dopant converted the nanocluster with 13 atoms to be the most stable. Furthermore, the dissociation energy or first order energies showed an excellent correlation with the relative stability trend. The HOMO-LUMO revealed the lowest energy gap at Ti12Os (N = 13) which correlates well with the predicted binding energy, relative stability and dissociation energy.
Au- and Ag-nanoparticles interaction with fibrin protein molecules
Authors: Makgoba Malesela , Mosuang Thuto , Mahladisa Abram , Matshaba Malili , Sikhwivhilu Lucky , Mokhena Tebogo
Published: December 2023

The interactions of Au- and Ag-nanospheres with fibrin molecules have been investigated using Monte Carlo, density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. The negative adsorption energies were recorded whenever fibrin molecules got adsorbed onto either Au- or Ag-nanospheres. Au(55) and Ag(55) nanospheres recorded the most energetically stable adsorption energies of -3.00 and -3.27 eV respectively. Binding distances between the terminal functional group atoms and either Au- or Ag-nanospheres were estimated using the radial distribution functions. Au-H showed shortest bond lengths of 2.37, 2.47, 2.57, and 2.37 Å respectively for Au(19), Au(38), Au(55), and Au(79) nanospheres. Likewise, Ag-H registered the shortest bond lengths of 2.11, 2.45, 2.57, 2.47 Å respectively for Ag(19), Ag(38), Ag(55), and Ag(79) nanospheres. The mean square displacement and diffusion coefficient constants were also used to probe the possibility of H, C, N, and O atoms diffusion into the Au- and Ag-nanospheres matrices. All H, C, N, and O atoms were found to diffuse readily in Au-nanospheres compared to Ag-nanospheres. Au(55) recorded the highest diffusion coefficient constants for the H, C, and N atoms. Ag(79) registered the highest diffusion coefficient constants for H, C, N, and O atoms.
Thermodynamic study and transition metal (nickel) doping on Li1.2Mn0.8O2 as a cathode material
Authors: Mikosi Vusani , Malatji Kemeridge , Ngoepe Noko , Ngoepe Phuti
Published: December 2023

Several studies have been conducted to overcome the poor cycling stability, voltage fade, and low coulombic efficiency barriers in practical applications of Lithium manganese oxides. Transition metal doping is considered as one of the effective techniques to enhance the stability of these materials. In this study we use the genetic algorithm within cluster expansion to generate new phases of Ni-doped Li1.2Mn0.8O2 which was constructed from Li2MnO3. Li2MnO3’s high energy density and high specific capacity have drawn attention to the material as a promising cathode for lithium-ion batteries. The generated phases are thermodynamically stable with negative heats of formation. Furthermore, first principles calculations were performed to study the thermodynamic, mechanical, and electronic properties of these materials. The materials were found to be thermodynamically stable with negative heats of formation and mechanically stable under the strain 0.001. Furthermore, the generated phases show an improvement on the conductivity of the Li1.2Mn0.8O2 since they do not have band gaps suggesting that they are conductors.
Microstructural effects on properties of as-fabricated Inconel 625 with direct energy deposition process
Authors: Booysen Theo-Neal , Jamiru Tamba , Adegbola Taoreed , Arthur Nana
Published: December 2023

Three-dimensional printing (3D), also known as metal additive manufacturing (MAM), fabricates parts or components from different feedstocks: wires, powders or sheets. This process differs from traditional manufacturing techniques such as casting, moulding, or subtracting existing materials. In the development and improvement or fabrication of new materials for higher strength and various applications, the type or character of a material is very important as this will ascertain the strength of the finished product. Direct energy technology can be used to fabricate and repair parts or components with the following two fabrication methods: laser wire-directed energy deposition (LW-DED) or laser powder-directed energy deposition (LP-DED). In this research, laser powder-directed energy deposition (LP-DED), a MAM process method, was employed to fabricate Inconel 625. The LP-DED process uses a laser as a heat source and rapidly melts metallic powders of different chemical compositions to fabricate complex structures, which is an innovative three-dimensional material processing technology. The as-fabricated (AF) sample specimens were investigated to determine the microstructural development, microhardness and sample defects. The microstructural features were analysed using two experimental surface microscopy methods: light optical microscopy (LOM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The morphological grain structure within the samples was predominantly cellular, columnar and columnar-dendritic. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were performed to determine the chemical composition and crystallographic structures of virgin gas atomisation (GA) powder and as-fabricated sample. The XRD peaks in samples composed of face-centred-cubic (FCC) γ-nickel phase. The material microhardness was studied by performing Rockwell hardness test (HRB) with a fluctuated trend averaging 98.9 – 101.6 HRB. The relationship between processing, microstructure, grain structure and material hardness was systematically summarised and established. The study concluded with research suggestions on LP-DED of Inconel 625.
Atomisation of Ti-6Ta-1.5Zr-0.2Ru-5Cu (wt%) for additive manufacturing for biomedical applications
Authors: Phala Ngwakoana , Polese Claudia , Choma Tomasz , Möller Hein , Żrodowski Łukasz , Cornish Lesley
Published: December 2023

The use of titanium alloys is growing fast as people have longer life expectancies and small, customised, biomedical implants, especially in dental applications, encourage the use of additive manufacturing (AM) to shape them. The Ti-6Ta-1.5Zr-0.2Ru-5Cu (wt%) alloy has been identified as a potential alloy for biomedical applications. Since laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) requires starting powders to be spherical and within a 10-100 μm size range, the Ti-6Ta-1.5Zr-0.2Ru-5Cu (wt%) powder was ultrasonically atomised and then analysed by a Malvern Mastersizer, XRD and SEM-EDX to ascertain that it met the requirements of L-PBF.
Microstructural characterization of additively manufactured Ti-6Al-4V with the addition of β-stabilizer, niobium
Authors: Mrwata Khutso , Siyasiya Charles , Arthur Nana
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the influence of beta stabilizer niobium on the microstructure and hardness of Ti-6Al-4V. The relationship between increased the concentration of alloying elements into Ti-6Al-4V is generally associated with an increase in hardness due to solid solution strengthening. The research involved the fabrication of a series of laser engineering net shaping (LENS™) Ti-6Al-4V alloys with varying concentrations of niobium (13%, 20%, and 28%) to determine whether increasing the Nb content has an influence on the concentration of Nb dissolved into Ti-6Al-4V. The microstructures of these alloys were analysed the hardness examined. the results revealed that the solid solution strengthening did not lead to a proportional increase in hardness as expected. Further microstructural examination showed that the alloy with 13% Nb exhibited a distinct microstructure with a higher concentration of un-melted Nb particles, whereas the alloy with 28% Nb had a higher dissolution of Nb into the Ti-6Al-4V. The least percentage of Nb dissolved into the Ti-6Al-4V compared to the addition of 28% Nb. Increased Nb content resulted in a higher percentage of Nb dissolved in Ti-6Al-4V but the lower hardness value. The undissolved Nb did not contribute solid solution strengthening but rather the presence of defects, and features of microstructure are responsible for hindering the ease of plastic deformation.
Technical and financial feasibility assessment of producing an impeller sand mould by three-dimensional printing using a Voxeljet VX 1000 machine
Authors: Msani Anazo , Nyembwe Kasongo Didier
Published: December 2023

Impeller castings are some of the most critical components used in engineering applications with complex designs. The high-quality production of their sand mould is essential to ensure optimal casting properties. Three-dimensional printing is an appropriate modern technology that can manufacture such moulds at a shorter production lead time than traditional methods. This paper assesses the technical and economic feasibility of producing the impeller sand mould for casting a mining impeller pump using a Voxeljet VX1000 printer available locally. The methodology includes the use of casting simulation and the application of the financial payback period method. This paper provides a practical case study of the theoretical assessment of rapid sand casting projects. The payback period showed the rapid sand casting process for printing impeller sand mould using the VX1000 printer is feasible for adoption by the local foundry industry as the initial investment is recovered within the 5 years of the projected cash flows.
Implementation of quality management by controlling process parameters in spheroidisation
Authors: Dube Tsepo.M. , van der Merwe Andre F. , Matope Stephen , Bissett Hertzog , Postma Jakkie
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the Quality Management (QM) implementation at South Africa’s Nuclear Energy Cooperation (Necsa) for the reconditioning of Ti6Al4V. The reconditioning serves to spheroidise Ti6Al4V from selective laser melting. The quality management tool was implemented to ensure the consistent output of the spheroidised Ti6Al4V. Steps taken to spheroidise Ti6Al4V were documented, and the tools and resources required to ensure the process flows smoothly were highlighted. Standard operating procedures were developed to provide a guide for operators of the spheroidisation facility on the operating parameters needed to consistently spheroidise Ti6Al4V. The main process parameter investigated was the relationship between power and spheroidisation and vaporisation. There are two types of process parameters for effective reconditioning of Ti6Al4V. There are the parameters that operate with the aim of ensuring consistent quality, and the second set ensures economic reconditioning of Ti6Al4V. QM would also ensure that there are standard operating procedures developed within an organisation. For the research, the operating parameters to economically spheroidise Ti6Al4V were determined-
Automated uniform recognition to enhance video surveillance at correctional services in South Africa
Authors: Kunene Dumisani , Zandamela Frank , Mabuza-Hocquet Gugulethu , Ratshidaho Terence
Published: December 2023

Injuries from inmate altercations are common in correctional service facilities. Monitoring incidents manually from video surveillance can be challenging. Computer vision has the potential to assist security personnel in securing facilities. This work compares two methods for recognising occupational uniforms with the aim of improving situational awareness and safety in prisons. The first method uses histograms of hue and saturation (HS) colour-space features and a shallow learning classifier. The second method uses convolutional neural network (CNN) models trained with either hand-engineered or automatically learned features. A training dataset with civilians, South African correctional service and police uniforms was created. The experimental results demonstrate comparable performance from shallow learning algorithms and CNN models. Machine learning algorithms evaluated on the proposed colour features achieved an average balanced performance (F1-score) of 0.85 and inference times range from 0.01 to 4.9 milliseconds.
Improved diagnostic sensitivity of human strongyloidiasis using point-of-care mixed recombinant antigen-based immunochromatography
Authors: Boonroumkaew Patcharaporn , Sadaow Lakkhana , Janwan Penchom , Rodpai Rutchanee , Sanpool Oranuch , Buadee Punyisa , Suprom Chanida , Thanchomnang Tongjit , Intapan Pewpan M. , Maleewong Wanchai
Published: December 2023

Strongyloidiasis is a neglected tropical disease that can cause fatal complications due to hyperinfection and disseminated strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised patients. We used two Strongyloides stercoralis recombinant antigenic proteins, L3NieAg.01 (NIE) and IgG-immunoreactive antigen (SsIR), to develop the recombinant antigen-based immunochromatography test (ICT) kit. We constructed and compared kits using either the NIE (NIE ICT kit) or the SsIR (SsIR ICT kit) antigens and a kit using a mixture of both (NIE-SsIR ICT kit) for detection of anti-Strongyloides IgG antibody in human serum samples. Serum samples from normal healthy individuals (Group I, n = 40), proven strongyloidiasis patients (Group II, n = 100), and those with other parasitic infections (Group III, n = 154) were evaluated. Sensitivity and specificity were 81.0% and 84.0% for the NIE ICT kit, 89.0% and 83.5% for the SsIR ICT kit, and 95.0% and 90.2% for the NIE-SsIR ICT kit, respectively. The NIE-SsIR ICT kit provided the best diagnostic results; it can supplement stool examination for clinical diagnosis and can be used to screen for asymptomatic S. stercoralis infection in people at risk in endemic areas. The NIE-SsIR ICT kit can also be used in large-scale sero-epidemiological investigations in endemic areas without the need for additional facilities or ancillary supplies.
A study of radon, thoron and annual effective dose in some Egyptian dwellings by twin-cup dosimeter technique with LR-115 detectors
Authors: Hussein A.S.
Published: December 2023

In the present study, Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors (LR-115–type II) based twin-cup dosimeters were used for estimating radon (222Rn) and thoron (220Rn) gas concentration levels in the environmental air of thirty dwellings in ten cities in Egypt. In the studied dwellings radon concentration levels were found to vary from 24.80 ± 3.98 to 39.71 ± 8.71 Bq m−3 with an average of 32.64 ± 4.34 Bq m−3 whereas thoron concentration is found to vary from 10.46 ± 2.87 to 15.41 ± 2.72 Bq m−3 with an average of 12.48 ± 1.58 Bq m−3. The total annual effective dose by the inhabitants of these dwellings due to radon and thoron was found below the recommended limit by the international agencies. The present study concluded that the dwellings are safe without posing significant radiological threats to human beings.
Study on Female Role Image Construction in A Dream of Splendor and Its Positive Influence on Society Based on Postmodern Feminism and Femininity
Authors: Chen Mingxin
Published: December 2023

In recent years, feminism is increasingly discussed in Chinese social media, which means that people become more aware of and interested in learning about feminist issues in China. In order to satisfy the audience's pursuit of feminist values, more and more TV plays tend to create “Strong Female Lead” themes. This paper will focus on the drama “A Dream of Splendor”, which is also based on the same theme. In order to study the drama's image of female characters and its positive impact on society, the drama's plot and secondary data, such as media and audience reviews of this drama, will be analyzed in this paper. It is found that the female characters in this drama present diverse image characteristics when fighting against patriarchy, and the growth and transformation of women's awakening of consciousness are also demonstrated to the audience. In addition, the images and plot settings of the drama fit the reality and reflect the dilemmas of contemporary women. This not only arouses the audience’s empathy but also promotes the audience’s in-depth exploration and thinking about feminism. Meanwhile, the drama’s innovation in the portrayal of women is a positive reference for the creation of subsequent ancient costume dramas with the theme of “strong female protagonist”.
Implementing precautionary principle in the marine environment under the background of Japan’s Fukushima nuclear water discharge
Authors: Chen Shiwen
Published: December 2023

After two years of preparation, Japan initiated the release of Fukushima’s nuclear-contaminated water into the ocean on 24 Aug. 2023, despite widespread opposition and international boycotts. Japan’s rationale for this action primarily revolves around cost-effectiveness when compared to alternative solutions. However, this decision has raised significant global concerns regarding its environmental impact and its implications for international interests, given the interconnectedness of the world’s waters. This paper critically examines Japan’s decision through the lens of the Precautionary Principle, considering four key components. The analysis reveals that the discharge of nuclear-contaminated water does not align with this principle. Instead, it is argued that Japan should halt the discharge and pursue cooperation with affected nations and international organizations. Given the irreversibility of this action, the Japanese government must commit to rigorous monitoring and research of marine ecosystems and radioactive contaminants, both before and after the discharge, to ensure the least possible harm to the environment. This approach promotes scientific rigour and aligns with the broader goals of environmental protection, fostering international collaboration for a sustainable future.
Prospects for Japan-Republic of Korea relation: A possibility analysis based on the external threats
Authors: Zhang Jiayi , Zhang Yuchen , Zhao Hongyu
Published: December 2023

The relationship between Japan and Korea has complex historical, political, and cultural dynamics, often characterized by tensions and disputes. Influenced by the intervention of the superpowers, these two countries are economically interdependent and politically opposed. Despite the efforts of the Korean leader to improve the trend, the bilateral relationship faces challenges due to unresolved factors such as historical issues, territorial disputes, and war reparations. This paper takes the external threats affecting the cooperation between Japan and Korea as the research object and evaluates the current situation and obstacles to the bilateral relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea by analyzing the impact of actions taken by countries other than Japan and Korea on their domestic governance, economic conditions, foreign policy decisions, military arrangements, and bilateral relations development. Also, this paper prospects favorable conditions for tightening further bilateral communication, and looks forward to the possibilities of future cooperation between the two countries.
The influence of cultural capital and educational milestones in Gaokao
Authors: Lu Tsz Ching
Published: December 2023

Following the global economic downturn triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, China’s economy also experienced significant repercussions. In light of this economic context, an imperative need arises for research to comprehensively assess the employment landscape. Given that the youth population constitutes a pivotal demographic in the labor market, a meticulous examination of their job-seeking dynamics assumes paramount importance, as it holds the potential to catalyze China’s economic development. A pivotal determinant in securing desirable employment opportunities is the possession of credential certificates, elevating the significance of gaining admission to prestigious universities. Central to this endeavor is the performance in the Gaokao, the final examination that serves as the gateway to higher education. Furthermore, the quality of education received by students can significantly impact their ability to excel in the job market. Drawing upon existing literature on the Gaokao, as well as government data concerning youth unemployment rates and high school attendance, this study establishes a compelling connection between city type and cultural capital levels on student behavior during the Gaokao. Moreover, it underscores the critical role played by this milestone examination in contributing to the persistently high youth unemployment rates. These findings shed light on the intricate interplay between education, societal factors, and employment outcomes, which is essential for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to bolster China’s economic resilience in a post-pandemic era.
Women’s image and historical characteristics reflected in Chinese and Western painting art: Take the Sistine Madonna and Female Figures in the Tang Dynasty
Authors: Deng Chaoyue
Published: December 2023

Recently, the status of women as well as gender equality has aroused a general concern in society, and this topic is frequently concerned in academic research. However, the origin of this issue needs to be traced back to ancient times in human culture and history, considering the cultural, religious and other factors. Therefore, based on this background, this article will compare and analyze the images of women in Chinese and Western paintings to explore gender roles. Through the study, it can be found that during the historical evolution of China and the West, different views of women were created in various aspects, and women were depicted in different ways. In many places, especially in ancient China, women were seen as the possession of the ruling class and patriarchal society. Women are also oppressed in Western countries, and most of their rights are denied. But on the other hand, the female figures in the paintings were given strong religious colors and they looked lenient and wise.
Not just Playing: Potential in Enhancing Second Language Learning through Games
Authors: Zhang Xiangyi
Published: December 2023

Game-based interaction is a new and exciting approach to second language (L2) learning in language classrooms worldwide. This paper aims to explore the potential of using vernacular games as a tool to improve L2 skills. By reviewing previous studies, the paper discusses how games can combine self-motivated and passive learning to make L2 learning more enjoyable and effective. The paper explores the possibilities of studying L2 with games’ wide range of contexts, such as audio, visual content, puzzles, and stories. It then provides suggestions for utilizing vernacular games, such as using short L2 commands, switching to an L2 server, changing long text to L2, and guessing games in long texts, visual aids, and gestures. This paper concludes that adjusted vernacular games can help with learning L2, but learners should balance gaming and actual learning. Seeking professional guidance may be helpful in leveraging the potential of incorporating games into language learning. However, more research is needed to determine how games can best support L2 learning regarding various issues such as drawings or gestures’ impact on memorization and learners’ self-control in gaming.
Research Status of Parent-child Reading under Different Cultural Backgrounds
Authors: Tang Yixin
Published: December 2023

Parent-child reading is crucial to a child’s whole development. The paper’s subjective is to discuss parent-child reading under different cultural backgrounds. Joint reading between parents and children at home has a positive effect on the literacy ability, language development, future academic prediction and emotional intelligence of Chinese and Western children, and the interval time, number, quality of parent-child reading also play a positive role to a large extent. Furthermore, the common conclusions of China and the West are that parents’ education level, family economic and social status also have a great impact on parent-child reading activities. These aspects greatly affect the time, quality and effect of parent-child reading. However, in the current studies, parent-child reading in the context of bilingualism can only promote the development of children in some Western countries, it has little effect on Chinese children, so future research should consider the reasons and make improvements. Therefore, by discussing parent-child reading in the two different cultures, it can provide reference for the research in the field of social science research and improve parents’ awareness of parent-child reading so that it can be more beneficial to children.
Music’s Influence on Children’s Cognitive Development
Authors: Song Yifei
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this paper is to explore how music affects cognitive abilities by reviewing some experiments and tests that the investigator has done in the past. Executive functions are the abilities of a person to have new behavior patterns and ways of thinking, which are very important in children. Music can affect executive function. Also, IQ can be affected as well. Logical-mathematical ability can be affected by music. Also, another reason for writing this paper is to let society and the education sector realize that music lessons are important subjects, because in some Chinese schools, for some senior students, teachers take away the optional courses and change them into compulsory subjects. Future research should expand the age range so that the results might be more accurate. Also, use a general term for the tests used because sometimes there are too many of them, so using a general term would be better.
Comparison of the Influences of Different Types of Extrinsic Motivation on Different Age Groups of Learners’ Math Anxiety Level
Authors: Chen Yidan
Published: December 2023

Motivations, including intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, are impactful factors that contribute to the development of math anxiety or increasing math anxiety level of learners at different ages. Considering the importance of mathematics for the population in the society today and the fact that math learning is not enjoyable for everyone, reviewing and comparing the effects of different types of extrinsic motivation on varied age groups of learners’ math anxiety level is necessary. Specifically, the present paper compared the influences of external regulation, introjected regulation, and identification on elementary age learners’ math anxiety level and adolescent learners’ math anxiety level, and found three major differences among the influences of the three types of extrinsic motivations between the two age groups: first, external regulation from authority figures has more negative effects in math anxiety of elementary age learners; second, external regulation from peers and society are more influential factors causing the alteration of the adolescent learners’ math anxiety level; third, identification-led math anxiety aggravates as pressure of math learning increases. It aims to provide assistance to the teachers and caregivers of the learners on promoting the learners to make use of their full potential in math learning, and also, aims to provide reference for future studies in relevant fields. It is expected that future studies would conduct relevant researches more creatively and look into specific areas in the field (for example, identification in different levels of learners and introjected regulation in learners) in order to dig deeper into the field.
The Comprehensive Influence of Drama Education on Students and Autistic Children
Authors: Ren Haoyun
Published: December 2023

With the progress of society, a large number of talents with high comprehensive quality, high communication ability and high cooperation ability are needed. Ordinary exam-oriented education can no longer meet the needs of society. Attention has been paid to the introduction and promotion of drama education. As early as in Europe and America, drama education has been widely used. This paper summarizes and analyses how drama education improves students’ ability. This article reviewed and summarized several literatures, combined the benefits of drama education on students’ learning and personality, and added the positive impact of drama education on autistic children. Current research has found that drama education can improve students’ critical thinking, interpersonal communication, cooperative communication and other skills, while also connecting comprehensive subject knowledge. At the same time, the positive impact of drama education on autistic children is also one of the focuses of this paper. Combined with the literature and experiments, this paper also clearly states the healing and functional development of drama education for autistic children. The results suggest that drama education can improve creativity, communication and expression skills in children with autism. Drama education has a multidimensional positive impact on both autistic children and normal children.
The Influence of Parenting Styles on Attachment Styles and Parental Influence on Children’s Cognitive Development
Authors: Wang Hainuo
Published: December 2023

As people’s attachment styles have aroused the attention of whole society, researchers have done many studies for exploring the determination of their attachment styles. However, the causal relationship between parenting styles and formation of attachment styles still needs a specific explanation. Therefore, in this study, by summarizing the previous experiments and researches, detailed explanation will be illustrated. And through the investigation of parenting styles, a new question about how parents influence their children’s cognitive development, especially their communicating ways has been addressed, so this question will also be illustrated by referencing several studies. This research has found that the extent of the influence of parenting styles on attachment styles is mainly based on the responsiveness of parents, and all the insecure attachment styles would be attributed to insecure parenting styles. In this way, parents’ communicating ways with their children would have some effects on their cognitive development. So, the parental influence comprehensively influences children in many aspects, and parents should learn to behave securely in order to provide their children a safe future.
Impact of Attachment Relationships on Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Wang Hanzhi
Published: December 2023

The review delves into the intricate interplay between attachment styles, depression, and anxiety, emphasizing their co-occurrence and profound impact on individuals’ well-being. It underscores the significance of early attachment experiences in shaping emotional regulation and psychological outcomes and how different attachment styles influence emotional well-being, particularly in relation to depression and anxiety. The research further explains the distinct attachment types, including secure, preoccupied, fearful avoidant, and dismissive-avoidant, and their implications on emotion regulation and psychological well-being. Secure attachment fosters positive self-perceptions and healthy relationships, while insecure attachment styles can lead to difficulties in emotional regulation, potentially contributing to heightened vulnerability to depression and anxiety. The study also delves into the societal and environmental factors that may exacerbate mental health challenges among adolescents. It sheds light on how attachment styles are intertwined with mental health outcomes, including depression, social phobia, and suicidal ideation. The review further emphasizes social anxiety’s moderating role in the relationship between attachment style and depression. This understanding holds important implications for clinical interventions, emphasizing the need for tailored treatment approaches that address both attachment patterns and emotional well-being. In conclusion, this comprehensive review provides a nuanced understanding of how early attachment experiences shape emotional regulation and influence mental health outcomes. The findings underscore the importance of considering attachment styles in clinical interventions and highlight the need for early support and intervention to promote mental well-being and prevent the development of anxiety and depression stemming from adverse childhood experiences.
Relationship between parenting styles and school bullying behaviour among adolescents
Authors: Zhao Qingling
Published: December 2023

In recent years, the pervasive issue of school bullying has surfaced as a focal point of concern, given its deep-seated implications on the mental and emotional well-being of adolescents. This paper seeks to unearth the complex relationship between parenting styles - classified as authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and uninvolved - and the prevalence of bullying behaviours among adolescents in school environments. Through a meticulous analysis of recent empirical studies, the paper highlights the significant influence parenting styles exert on a child’s developmental trajectory, molding their attitudes, behaviours, and peer interactions. Particularly, the study underscores the role of authoritative parenting as a protective factor against bullying, fostering resilience and positive peer relations. In contrast, authoritarian and uninvolved parenting styles may potentially fuel bullying tendencies due to the absence of warmth and the establishment of rigid rules and severe punishments. The paper further identifies a notable gap in current research, emphasizing the necessity for comprehensive studies that integrate cultural nuances to develop culturally sensitive intervention strategies. In aiming to pave the way for safer and more nurturing school environments, this research illuminates the potential strategies through parental interventions to mitigate the negative impacts of bullying, promoting positive child and adolescent development globally.
Factors influencing gender stereotypes and discrimination and their relationship to gender oppositions
Authors: Wang Jing
Published: December 2023

With society developing at a rapid pace and higher education opportunities for the public, more and more individuals realize the potential for gender stereotypes and discrimination in our daily lives, especially for women. Even some media utilize this situation to construct gender opposites in order to catch a specific target. According to this phenomenon, this paper is supposed to search for the factors that cause gender inequality in order to relieve this situation and analyze the relationship between gender stereotypes, discrimination, and gender opposites. The approach for this paper is to search considerable literature and related database to prove the viewpoint and list three main factors that influence an individual’s erroneous cognition. Moreover, this paper concludes that the one reason some individuals have gender oppositional psychology is because of gender stereotypes and discrimination. Therefore, this paper comes up with suggestions to improve it from the education aspect, the society aspect, and the media aspect.
Evolution of Disney Princesses and Its Impacts on Gender Roles and the Portrayal of Love Among Young Girls
Authors: Sun JiaYu
Published: December 2023

The three waves of feminism had an impact on how Disney princesses were portrayed. Since the 1950s, women have been portrayed as Disney princesses in the quest for gender equality and the reversal of traditional gender norms. This paper is based on a literature review. The paper would analysis the image of Disney princesses in three major eras, and refine the female characters shown in each film to study the different stages presented by Disney princesses, which further presents the impacts on gender roles and the portrayal of love. From the Classic princess, to the awakening of female consciousness, and eventually becoming an independent and brave queen, Disney princesses have undergone three metamorphoses. Women and men started to achieve equal roles, the gender roles switched from women working at home to women starting to pursue their careers. For Disney princesses, they are no longer obsessed with the pursuit of love and marriage, they begin to have more ways to achieve self-actualization.
Relation between workplace stereotypes, explicit attitudes and implicit attitudes
Authors: Fan Xinyue
Published: December 2023

With the increasing number of international contacts and the rapid development of global trades, the company’s workforce is becoming more diverse. The problem of Stereotypes and Attitudes has jeopardized the relationship between employees, which increases the phenomenon of inequality and discrimination in the workplace. In order to find possible solutions for such problems, this paper reviewed multiple articles and tried to look at Stereotypes and explicit and implicit attitudes from a different angle. While there is relatively less literature regarding the topic of possible relationship between stereotypes and attitudes, a few research articles helped to infer possible connections between them: explicit attitudes can exacerbate the contradiction of stereotypes; and implicit attitudes also affect the formation of stereotypes unconsciously. Because implicit attitudes affect people’s behaviour unconsciously, diving into it with more details, few articles have suggested it is possible to change individuals’ implicit attitudes, and the duration is able to last in the long term. Based on these reviewed articles, it has come to a conclusion that Attitudes play an important role in impacting the formation of Stereotypes. This paper intends to help reduce stereotype issues and offer possible solutions to decrease workplace inequality and discrimination.
The interactive relationship between implicit cognition and goal pursuit
Authors: Qin Fuyuan
Published: December 2023

The traditional view of goal is that goals are set and pursued in a deliberate and controlled way, yet in the last two decades, researchers have focused on the implicit cognitive process involved in personal goal pursuit. This article presents contemporary work on this topic and shows a holistic picture of the relationship between implicit cognition and goal pursuit. Research shows that implicit cognition plays a critical role in the process of goal pursuit including the initial activation, the action during, and the eventual outcome. The manner in which implicit cognition influences goal pursuit is interactive and creates either a positive or negative feedback loop. Factors include the implicit need of achievements, implicit evaluation of goal-relevant experience and implicit thoughts promoted by the goal all contribute to the feedback loop. Certain components of implicit cognition are also predictive of goal attainment, such as the implicit importance of means towards achievement. The enriched existing data and findings on the topic offer valuable insights and lay a solid foundation for future research.
Overview of bipolar research and future direction
Authors: Xu Weili
Published: December 2023

Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that negatively influences millions of lives in the world. This field deserves more attention, research, and investment, especially in developing countries like China. This article aims to explore the broader knowledge scope of bipolar disorder and is divided into 5 sections and 3 main parts. The first part introduced its various types, diagnostics procedures and methods, common symptoms, causes and risk factors, and social influences on different levels, etc. The second part introduced various treatment strategies, including commonly used ones and recently developed ones, emphasizing the research of viability and functionality of cognitive behavior therapy(CBT)’s application in treating the disorder in modern society. In the third part, the article introduced several bipolar treatment treatment phenomena in China and suggested several ways in terms of how they can be ameliorated from multiple perspectives, including treatment and diagnosis, hospital improvement, research area, and societal efforts.