bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Prediction of Weathering Degree of Carbonaceous Mudstone Based on Entropy Weight-Cloud Model
Authors: Bai Wenjun
Published: August 2023

The difference in the degree of rock weathering has always been an important concern in tunnel engineering. In view of the randomness and ambiguity of determining the degree of rock weathering, four quantitative indicators including wave velocity ratio Kv, weathering coefficient Kf, cohesion c and chemical alteration index CIA are selected to establish an evaluation index system. The entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each index, and the collective cloud model theory is used to establish a quantitative prediction model of the weathering degree of carbonaceous mudstone. Comparing five groups of engineering examples with the established model, it is found that there are deviations in the results of the two groups. The reason for this result is that the traditional determination of the degree of rock weathering is uncertain, and there is no unified standard for quantitative analysis. The entropy weight-normal cloud model comprehensively considers multiple influencing factors, eliminates uncertainty as much as possible, and gives the results of quantitative analysis, which has good practicability and reliability. It can provide a new idea for the weathering degree of carbonaceous mudstone.
Effects of mouthwash on periodontal pathogens and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Matayoshi Saaya , Tojo Fumikazu , Suehiro Yuto , Okuda Makoto , Takagi Misato , Ochiai Marin , Kadono Maika , Mikasa Yusuke , Nomura Ryota , Itoh Yoshito , Itoh Naoto , Nakano Kazuhiko
Published: August 2023

Periodontitis is known to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and gargling with mouthwash is known to reduce the incidence of periodontitis by inhibiting periodontal pathogens. However, the effects of mouthwash on oral and systemic conditions in patients with T2DM remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of gargling with mouthwash on the number of red complex species, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia, and HbA1c levels in patients with T2DM. Patients were instructed to gargle with water for 6 months, followed by gargling with mouthwash containing chlorhexidine gluconate for the subsequent 6 months. At each clinic visit, saliva was collected and bacterial DNA was extracted to detect red complex species using the polymerase chain reaction technique. The HbA1c level was determined using a blood sample. The number of red complex species significantly decreased in younger or male patients while gargling with mouthwash. Furthermore, the number of red complex species significantly decreased in younger patients or patients with higher HbA1c levels while gargling with mouthwash. These results suggest that gargling with mouthwash reduces the number of red complex species and improves hyperglycemic status in patients with T2DM, especially younger patients.
Overexpression of ferroptosis-related gene NFS1 correlates with gastric cancer progression and tumor immune infiltration
Authors: Mao Zhiyun , Shi Zhongmei , Cui Ming , Ma Xiaohong , Wang Yan , Jing Rongrong , Wang Jingchun
Published: August 2023

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the malignant tumors with the highest incidence in the world, however finding better biomarkers remains a challenge. Cysteine desulfurase (NFS1) has been found to regulate the biological functions of a variety of tumors, but the study in GC remains to be explored. In our study, NFS1 expression was predicted by TCGA, GTEx, UALCAN, and HPA databases. And immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in 146 pairs of GC tissues and paired adjacent tissues to verify NFS1 expression. We found that NFS1 was up-regulated in GC tissues, which can be effectively diagnosed and dynamically monitored to evaluate the prognosis of GC patients. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the strong positive immunostaining was related to the degree of differentiation and the depth of invasion of GC patients. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that NFS1 might play a role in ferroptosis and tumor microenvironment (TME), including regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stromal response, and immune response. Moreover, the aberrant NFS1 expression was related to TMB, MSI, DNSss, RNAss, TME score in GC and drug sensitivity. In addition, in the NFS1 and immune correlation analysis, it was found that the expression level of NFS1 was correlated with a large number of immune cells and immune microenvironment characteristics. Our findings indicated that NFS1 was a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker associated with ferroptosis and TME, providing a new target for drug therapy and immunotherapy of specific cancers.
Assessing the Impact of Unconventioanal Median U-turn on Urban Arterial Road
Authors: Hanif Khadeja , Ahmed Kamran , Ud-Din Sameer , Ashraf Hassan , Haroon Muhammad
Published: August 2023

Traffic congestion at signalized intersections is a recurring problem, especially on urban arterials during peak hours. To mitigate congestion, many signalized intersections, in developing countries like Pakistan, are being converted into U-turn, known as Unconventional Median U-turn (UMUT). This research aims to assess the effectiveness of this low-cost "indirect right turn" technique. The performance of the UMUT design was analyzed through various scenarios based on different traffic demands, percentages of right-turn traffic, and median U-turn offsets. Notably, this study focuses solely on the operational analysis of passenger cars, excluding bikes, and heavy vehicles. Additionally, it is limited to minor arterial urban and suburban roads, with no consideration for the U-turn movement on multilane highways. VISSIM, a traffic simulation software, was utilized to simulate intersections, and Python was employed as a programming language via the API (Application Programming Interface) COM interface to generate different UMUT scenarios in VISSIM. The evaluation parameters included average vehicular delay and vehicle travel time. MATLAB was used to develop vehicular delay equations and travel time models for all movements in the UMUT design. These models were based on simulation traffic data obtained from VISSIM. Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) with exponential relationships were used to accurately capture the associations between different input variables and output parameters. These models underwent internal validation procedures to ensure their reliability.
Exploring the Role of Sonication Fluid Culture In Periprosthetic Joint Infections: A Comparative Study with Conventional Methods
Authors: EREM Murat , SELÇUK Eşref , ÖZCAN Mert , ÖZTÜRK Gözde , ERYILDIZ Canan
Published: August 2023

Background
Periprosthetic joint infection presents a significant challenge due to biofilm formation, necessitating effective detection methods. While traditional tissue and implant cultures are commonly used, the efficacy of sonication fluid culture (SFC) in identifying causative agents has been evaluated in numerous studies.
Methods
In this study, three cultures were evaluated for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection intraoperative periprosthetic tissue culture, implant culture, and SFC. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated for each method, using the 2018 definition of periprosthetic hip and knee infection and clinical evaluation as references.
Results
Of the 92 patients who had implants removed, 49 were for mechanical reasons and 43 for infection. Positive cultures were obtained in 13 out of 49 patients with mechanical issues and 31 out of 43 with infections. The sensitivity of periprosthetic tissue cultures (53.5%) is slightly higher than SFC (48.8%), suggesting better detection of positive cases. However, SFC's specificity (83.7%) is higher, indicating more accurate identification of negative cases compared to periprosthetic cultures (73.5%). However, SFC identified additional pathogens in patients with negative periprosthetic tissue and implant cultures. Examination of the infected knee and hip prostheses showed that SFC enhanced pathogen detection, particularly in patients with negative implant cultures. Despite this, SFC was not statistically superior to other methods.
Conclusion
This study supports the combined use of periprosthetic tissue culture and SFC for identifying causative microorganisms in implant infections. Despite not being statistically superior, SFC provides additional pathogen detection, especially when other methods fail, thereby enhancing overall diagnostic accuracy.
Oral microbiome associated with differential ratios of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus cristatus
Authors: Wang Qingguo , Wang Bing-Yan , Pratap Siddharth , Xie Hua
Published: August 2023

Background Periodontitis has been recently defined as a dysbiotic disease resulting from imbalanced oral microbiota. The transition of microbial communities from commensal to periodontitis-associated ones likely requires colonization by specific pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis. We previously reported an antagonistic relationship between Streptococcus cristatus and P. gingivalis and the role of S. cristatus in inhibition of the biofilm formation, invasion, and gingipain enzymatic activity of P. gingivalis. Given the importance of P. gingivalis as a keystone pathogen of polymicrobial communities, the determinants of P. gingivalis levels, its interaction with the core microbiota, and association with the pathogenic potential of the microbial communities need to be addressed.Results This present study intends to determine the role of S. cristatus in altering interactions of P. gingivalis with other oral bacteria in a complex context. We collected dental plaque samples from periodontitis patients and assigned them into two groups based on their ratios of S. cristatus and P. gingivalis. We then characterized microbial profiles of the dental plaque samples using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and subsequently compared oral microbial composition and functional capabilities between groups with high or low S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios. Taxonomic annotation showed significant differences in microbial compositions at both genus and species levels between the two groups. Notably, a higher microbial composition diversity was observed in the samples with low S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios. The antibiotic resistance gene profiles of the two groups are also distinct, with significantly increased diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in the dental plaque samples with low S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios, which likely lead to elevated virulence potential.Conclusions Overall, our work highlights the importance of S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios in influencing the virulence of the oral microbiome. Approaches to enhance S. cristatus-P. gingivalis ratios in oral microbial communities will be attractive for revising the dysbiotic oral microbiome.
Toxicological profile and health risk assessment through trace elements exposure in brick kiln workers from Lahore, Pakistan
Authors: Saeed Talha , Abbasi Naeem Akhtar , Zahid Talha , Fatima Noor , ullah Kaleem , Kokhar Muhammad Fahim
Published: August 2023

This study examined lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) levels in blood, hair, and nails of 18 brick kiln workers from three brick kiln units located around a metropolitan city, Lahore, Pakistan. All the trace elements except Hg and As were detected in the studied matrices of Brick kiln workers. In general, brick kiln workers had the highest concentration of Pb, followed by Cd, Cr, and Cu. Among trace elements, Pb has the highest mean (min-max; µg/g)) concentrations at 0.35 (0.09–0.65) in blood, 0.34 (0.14–0.71) in hairs, and 0.44 (0.32–0.59) in nails of brick kiln workers. Following Pb, the trend was Cd 0.17 (0.10–0.24), Cu 0.11(0.03–0.27), and Cr 0.07 (0.04–0.08) in blood, followed by Cr 0.11(0.05–0.20), Cd 0.09 (0.03–0.13), and Cu 0.08 (0.04–0.16) in hairs and Cu 0.16 (0.05–0.36), Cd 0.13 (0.11–0.17), and Cr 0.10 (0.05–0.14) in nails respectively. The difference of trace metals except Pb was non-significant (P > 0.05) among studied matrices of workers as well as between Zigzag and traditional exhaust based brick kilns. Non-carcinogenic risk of Pb and Cd were above USEPA and WHO limits while Pb, Cd, and Cr carcinogenic risks were close to the threshold limits. It is concluded that chronic exposure to trace elements poses serious health risks to brick kiln workers which needs to be addressed to avoid future worst-case scenarios.
Colorimetric Detection of ammonia and hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solutions using green synthesized silver nanoparticles from soapberry pericarps
Authors: Dayanidhi Kalaivani , Vadivel Porchezhiyan , Noorjahan S. E.
Published: August 2023

The present study aims to investigate the sensing properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized via microwave assisted green method using Sapindus mukorossi (commonly known as soapberries) extract (SME) which acted as a reducing as well as stabilizing agent. AgNps on exposure to the analyte molecules ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resulted in decolourization of solution accompanied by a decrease in the SPR absorption band at 420 nm due to the complex formation and catalytic degradation of the sensor respectively. The results revealed precise detection of ammonia with a linear detection range of 0–1000 ppm and H2O2 with a linear detection range of 0–1300 µM. Further, spike/recovery measurements were done in various water samples which showed the percentage recovery values in the range of 99.10–99.87% for ammonia and 99.30–99.95% for hydrogen peroxide. Thus, the AgNps can act as a simple, cost effective and green nanosensor probe for colorimetric detection and quantitative determination of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in real-time environmental analysis.
Correlation between bile amylase levels and morphological changes in the biliary mucosa in pediatric patients with congenital biliary dilatation
Authors: Korai Takahiro , Nui Akihiro , Nishibori Shigeki , Yokoyama Shinichiro , Hashimoto Satsuki , Ishimura Riku , Hamada Hiromi
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between bile and serum amylase (AMY) levels and changes in the biliary epithelium in patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM).
Methods: This study included children with congenital biliary dilatation (CBD) of Todani types Ia, Ic, and IVa who underwent surgery at the Hokkaido Medical Center for Child Health and Rehabilitation between November 2007 and June 2023. We retrospectively investigated the relationship between the preoperative bile and serum AMY levels and clinicopathological findings.
Results: This study included 43 patients with CBD. Pathologically, all cases had hyperplasia in the gallbladder and bile duct epithelium, with dysplasia observed in 13 cases, but no carcinoma. A comparison between the patients with and without dysplasia revealed that a total exposure to AMY ≥662,400 IU/L in the bile was an independent risk factor predictive of dysplasia. There was a strong positive correlation between the total exposure to AMY in bile and serum (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, 0.822, p<0.01).
Conclusion: Total exposure to AMY in bile is an independent risk factor for the development of dysplasia in the biliary mucosa. The total exposure to AMY in serum could be a substitute marker for total exposure to AMY in bile.
Ag(I) and Hg(II) coordination polymers decorated from fully benzimidazole substituted cyclotriphosphazene ligand and adsorption behaviour against Methylene Blue
Authors: Pendar Afranur , Duyar Ceyda , Zorlu Yunus , Davarcı Derya
Published: August 2023

Herein, we reported new two coordination polymers, {[Ag(L)](CH3PhSO3)](CH3CN)4}n (cp-1) and {[Hg(L)](Cl2)](CH3CN)2}n(cp-2), were synthesized from hexapodal benzimidazole substituted cyclotriphosphazene, (L). L was characterised by 1H NMR, 31P NMR and mass analysis. Structure of each isolated compounds were determined by single crystal X-ray crystallography. In cp-1, L has a κ3N coordination mode by connecting three Ag(I) ions to constitute a 2D coordination framework whereas the ligand in cp-2 displays κ2N coordination mode via linking four Hg(II) ions together to create a 1D coordination polymer. Topologically, cp-1 has a 3-connected uninodal net having the point symbol {4.82}. Dye adsorption studies of coordination polymers was performed out using UV-Vis. absorption spectroscopy. Adsorption experiments show that cp-1 and cp-2 removes the cationic methylene blue (MB) from water but shows no adsorption behaviour toward the anionic methyl orange (MO) and tartrazine (E102).
Preparation of Hierarchical TS-1 Molecular Sieve Membrane Catalyst and Its Catalytic Performance for Chloropropylene Epoxidation
Authors: Yang Zhaosheng , Tang Guoqiang , Li Yichuan , Niu Xiaoyue , Cheng Lingyao , Chai Yongming
Published: August 2023

TS-1 molecular sieve spherical membranes loaded on small-sized carriers with hierarchical pore structures and high framework-titanium contents could both exhibit high catalytic performances and facilitate the separation from the products after the reaction. In this paper, a simple in situ static crystallization method was used to achieve the construction of hierarchical porous TS-1 molecular sieve membranes on the surfaces of 400-µm spherical carriers using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and soluble starch as mesoporous templating agents. Through the catalyst characterization and performance evaluation, soluble starch was finally selected as the mesoporous templating agent, and the film-forming mechanism was investigated by examining the effects of the proportion of precursor liquid and the crystallization conditions. In the chloropropene epoxidation reaction, the effective utilization of H2O2 and the selectivity of epichlorohydrin (ECH) reached 96.72% and 93.85%, respectively.
The Evidence Mismatch in Pediatric Surgical Practice
Authors: Broomfield Marina , Agabani Zena , Guadagno Elena , Poenaru Dan , Baird Robert
Published: August 2023

Purpose
Outpatient pediatric surgical practice often involves conditions of limited morbidity but significant parental concern. We explore existing evidence-based management recommendations and the mismatch with practice patterns for four common outpatient pediatric surgical conditions.
Methods
Using the Cochrane Rapid Review Group recommendations and librarian oversight, we conducted a rapid review of 4 outpatient surgical conditions: dermoid cysts, epigastric hernias, hydroceles, and umbilical hernias. We extracted patient demographics, intervention details, outcome measures and evaluated justifications presented for chosen management options. A metric of evidence volume (patient/publication ratio) was generated and compared between diagnoses.
Results
Out of 831 articles published since 1990, we identified 49 cohort studies (10-dermoid cyst, 6-epigastric hernia, 25-hydrocele, and 8- umbilical hernia). The 49 publications included 34,172 patients treated across 18 countries. The evidence volume for each out-patient condition demonstrates <1 cohort/condition/year. The evidence mismatch rate varied between 33-75%; many existing recommendations are not evidence-based, sometimes conflicting and frequently misrepresentative of clinical practice.
Conclusions
Published literature concerning common outpatient pediatric surgical conditions is sparse and demonstrates wide variations in practice. All individual practice choices were justified using either risk of complications or patient preference. Most early intervention practices were based on weak or outdated studies and “common wisdom” rather than genuine evidence.
Level of evidence: III
Differentially Private Knowledge Graph Neural Network for Recommeder System
Authors: 胡 Ce , 刘 白松
Published: August 2023

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) have been instrumental in mitigating the challenges of cold start and data scarcity in recommender systems, serving as a kind of auxiliary information. However, recent studies reveal that KGs, while beneficial, may also inadvertently furnish malicious attackers with more comprehensive background knowledge, escalating the risk of user privacy data breaches within these recommender systems. Current frameworks, which amalgamate KGs with privacy-preserving techniques, predominantly concentrate on enhancing privacy preservation, often at the expense of recommendation efficacy. In this research, we introduce a framework, named Differential Privacy Knowledge graph Neural network for Recommender systems (DPKNRec), designed to harmonize the trade-off between differential privacy noise and recommendation performance. Firstly, we formulate an integrated KG convolutional neural network adept at mining interrelationships between KG entities and item correlations effectively. Secondly, we incorporate a differential privacy technique to impose uniform Laplacian noise on feature embeddings and obfuscate genuine user-item interactions through pseudo-interaction item sampling, thereby augmenting user data security. Lastly, we evaluate our model using three distinct datasets-movies, music, and books. Empirical results from three benchmarks indicate that DPKNRec markedly supersedes contemporary benchmarks.
Immunotherapeutic IL-6R and Targeting the MCT-1/IL-6/CXCL7/PD-L1 Circuit Prevent Relapse and Metastasis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Haq Aushia Tanzih Al , Yang Pao-Pao , Jin Christopher , Shih Jou-Ho , Chen Li-Mei , Tseng Hong-Yu , Chen Yen-An , Weng Yueh-Shan , Wang Lu-Hai , Snyder Michael P. , Hsu Hsin-Ling
Published: August 2023

Background
Multiple copies in T-cell malignancy 1 (MCT-1) is a prognostic biomarker for aggressive breast cancers. Overexpressed MCT-1 stimulates the IL-6/IL-6R/gp130/STAT3 axis, which promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cancer stemness and tumor progression.
Methods
We studied the mechanism underlying triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) immunity and aggressiveness and assessed primary tumor invasion, postsurgical local recurrence and distant metastasis in orthotopic syngeneic mice given the indicated immunotherapy and MCT-1 silencing (shMCT-1).
Results
We found that shMCT-1 suppresses the transcriptomes of the inflammatory response and metastatic signaling in TNBC cells and inhibits tumor recurrence, metastasis and mortality in xenograft mice. IL-6R immunotherapy and shMCT-1 combined further decreased intratumoral M2 macrophages and T regulatory cells (Tregs) and avoided postsurgical TNBC expansion. IL-6R-based immunotherapy more effectively prevented postsurgical TNBC metastasis, recurrence and mortality than anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy. Anti-IL-6R improved helper T, cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells in the lymphatic system and decreased Tregs in recurrent and metastatic tumors, but anti-PD-L1 incapably elevated NK cells. Combined IL-6R and PD-L1 immunotherapies abridged TNBC cell stemness and M2 macrophage activity to a greater extent than monotherapy. Sequential immunotherapy of PD-L1 and IL-6R demonstrated the best survival outcome and lowest postoperative recurrence and metastasis compared with synchronized therapy, particularly in the shMCT-1 context. Multiple positive feedforward loops of the MCT-1/IL-6/IL-6R/CXCL7/PD-L1 axis were identified in TNBC cells, which boosted metastatic niches and immunosuppressive microenvironments. MCT-1high/PD-L1high/CXCL7high and CXCL7high/IL-6high/IL-6Rhigh expression patterns predict worse prognosis and poorer survival of breast cancer patients.
Conclusion
Systemic targeting of the MCT-1/IL-6/IL-6R/CXCL7/PD-L1 interconnections enhances immune surveillance that inhibits the aggressiveness of TNBC.
CDC42SE2 modulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis in colorectal cancer through CDC42 and downstream IQGAP3 signaling
Authors: Xiao Kun , Pe Wenting , Jiang Jiayu , Dong Kangdi , Zhang Jizhun
Published: August 2023

By GWAS and fine mapping study, SNP rs1010208 was identified to be a risk locus of colorectal cancer (CRC). By eQTL-based analysis of SNP rs1010208, gene CDC42SE2 was confirmed as potential target gene of SNP rs1010208. However, there was little research about CDC42SE2 and CRC, while CDC42SE2 was demonstrated to be associated with patient prognosis and tumor onset risk. Here we aimed to investigate the role of CDC42SE2 on CRC progression. CDC42SE2 expression in CRC tissue, adjacent normal tissue and CRC cell lines and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters were investigated. In vitro and in vivo assays were used to explore the function of CDC42SE2 in the progression of CRC. The study showed that CDC42SE2 was down-expressed in CRC tissues and associated with poor prognosis and high TNM stages. Overexpression of CDC42SE2 can inhibit the proliferation, metastasis and invasion ability and increase the apoptosis ratio of CRC cells. Furthermore, the in vivo results showed that CDC42SE2 overexpression resulted in lower tumor size in xenograft mice model using stably CDC42SE2-overexpressing CRC cells. Moreover, our study demonstrated that CDC42SE2 can suppress CDC42 and downstream IQGAP3 signaling and thus inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasive potential of CRC cells.In conclusion, CDC42SE2 is a new anti-oncogene of CRC and plays its role in inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis by suppressing CDC42 and downstream IQGAP3.
Correlation between preoperative and postoperative alignment and kinematic gait in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Liu Peng , Xie Huifeng , Chen Yushu , Liu Rixu , Zeng Junjie , Bai Bo
Published: August 2023

Background and objective: Maintaining the lower limb in a neutral posture following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has long been a concept maintained by operators. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in lower limb alignment and the dynamics of knee gait before and after TKA to understand the impact of alignment on gait better and offer a theoretical foundation for correcting lower limb alignment in TKA.
Methods: Our study included a group of 20 participants. The cohort consisted of 1 male and 19 females, 11 left and 9 right knees, ages 58 to 81. Following that, we investigated the association between the HKA angle before and after surgery, as well as the kinematic gait of the knee.
Results: For preoperative HKA angles ranging from -28° to -3°, we observed increased step length, flexion-extension rotation, and varus-valgus rotation with an increase in HKA angle. Conversely, an increase in HKA angle from -3° to 15° corresponded with decreased step length, flexion-extension rotation, and varus-valgus rotation. An increase in HKA angle from 1° to 3° postoperatively increased step length, flexion-extension rotation, and varus-valgus rotation. In contrast, increasing the HKA angle from 3° to 5° resulted in less flexion-extension rotation. The flexion-extension rotation was at its maximum when the HKA angle was 3°. A 3° postoperative varus resulted in improved kinematic gait. Step length, varus-valgus rotation, and flexion-extension rotation increased with increasing HKA angle in the neutral alignment group. In contrast, the non-neutral alignment group exhibited decreased flexion-extension rotation as the HKA angle increased, while step length and varus-valgus rotation increased as the HKA angle increased. The varus-valgus rotation was statistically significant (p<0.05) in the preoperative versus early postoperative period in the 6 degrees of freedom. Conclusions: A 3° varus alignment was found to have a superior postoperative knee kinematic gait, implying that a 3° varus alignment may be more suitable as a new gold standard for TKA than the traditional "0°" alignment. The neutral alignment group demonstrated a better knee kinematic gait than the non-neutral alignment group. During early postoperative walking, significant improvements in varus-valgus rotation were found in the 6 degrees of knee freedom.
REMOVAL OF RHODAMINE B AND METHYLENE BLUE USING RESIDUAL Onecarpus bacabaMart FIBERS AS BIOSORBENT: KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC PARAMETERS
Authors: Rolim Eberlanny Moraes , Silva Andreza Miranda Barata da , Batista Joel dos Santos , Serrão Naiany Oliveira , Oliver Leticia Layer , de Freitas Flávio Augusto , Perotti Gustavo Frigi , Carmo Dominique Fernandes de Moura do , Celestino Gustavo Gusmão , Maia Paulo José Sousa
Published: August 2023

Among the most common water contaminants, dyes are responsible for polluting rivers and other water bodies as well as contributing to other environmental problems, thus posing serious health hazards to humans and animals. In order to minimize these environmental impacts, this study proposes the use of Onecarpus bacaba Mart fiber residues, in natura (OBMi) and NaOH-modified (OBMm), to bioadsorb rhodamine b (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) dyes. The biosorbents OBMi and OBMm were characterized by means of infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Boehm titration, PZC, and scanning electron microscopy. This study also analyzed the influence of pH, contact time, absorbent mass, temperature, and contaminant concentrations by means of batch equilibrium assays. Maximum OBMm adsorption capacity for RhB and MB at 25°C was 26.60 mg g− 1 and 407.98 mg g− 1, respectively. In both systems, OBMm:RhB and OBMm:MB, adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order law, and the Langmuir and Freundlich models constituted the best fit for isothermal curves. Lastly, thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of both RhB and MB onto OBMm is spontaneous.
Higher-order topological asymptotic formula for the elasticity operator and application
Authors: Barhoumi Montassar
Published: August 2023

This paper is concerned with a geometric inverse problem related to the elasticity equation. We aim to identify an unknown hole from boundary measurements of the displacement field. The Kohn-Vogelius concept is employed for formulating the inverse problem as a topology optimization one. We develop a topological sensitivity analysis based method for detecting the location, size and shape of the unknown hole. We derive a higher-order asymptotic formula describing the variation of a Kohn-Vogelius type functional with respect to the creation of an arbitrary shaped hole inside the computational domain.
Bistability and nonequilibrium condensation in a driven-dissipative Josephson array: A c-field model
Authors: Reeves Matt , Davis Matthew
Published: August 2023

Developing theoretical models for nonequilibrium quantum systems poses significant challenges. Here we develop and study a multimode model of a driven-dissipative Josephson junction chain of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates, as realised in the experiment of Labouvie et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 235302 (2016)]. The model is based on c-field theory, a beyond-mean-field approach to Bose-Einstein condensates that incorporates fluctuations due to finite temperature and dissipation. We find the c-field model is capable of capturing all key features of the nonequilibrium phase diagram, including bistability and a critical slowing down in the lower branch of the bistable region. Our model is closely related to the so-called Lugiato-Lefever equation, and thus establishes new connections between nonequilibrium dynamics of ultracold atoms with nonlinear optics, exciton-polariton superfluids, and driven damped sine-Gordon systems.
Sitagliptin: the fixed combination of the first dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor and metformin
Authors: Egshatyan L. V.
Published: August 2023

Worldwide, there is an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Management of patients with T2DM is complex and often requires multiple pharmacological treatments to achieve adequate control of the disease. The long-term diabetes-specific complications have been ameliorated by interventions that decrease chronic glycemia. Most clinical guidelines recommend metformin as the first-line oral hypoglycemic agent. Metformin can be used for monotherapy and combination therapy for T2DM. Initially, metformin monotherapy is often effective, although the effect of glucose control is limited after all, so a second agent is often required in most patients. Unfortunately, the traditional therapeutic drugs for T2DM could not effectively control hyperglycemia, and frequently occurring side effects remain a big problem (weight gain, hypoglycemia). Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors are superior to traditional hypoglycemic drugs in terms of efficacy and tolerability. Sitagliptin became the first representative of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors. Sitagliptin has been shown to preserve β-cell function and improve 2-h postprandial glucose, fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin in individuals with T2DM. A systematic review and meta-analysis conducted in 2021 demonstrated that sitagliptin administration with or without metformin might reduce the body weight and body mass index if these drugs are taken for more than 6 months. Sitagliptin add on to metformin achieving better treating effects on weight loss and glucose control without the development of hypoglycemia. This review discusses sitagliptin and its combination with metformin. Velmetia is a fixed combination of these two hypoglycemic drugs with a complementary and safe action profile.
Long-term oxygen therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: results from an observational cohort study
Authors: Nuralieva G. S. , Shmidt A. E. , Nekludova G. V. , Gaynitdinova V. V. , Tsareva N. A. , Chikina S. Yu. , Merzhoeva Z. M. , Trushenko N. V. , Karchevskaya N. A. , Avdeev I. S. , Tkachenko V. V. , Krokhin K. A. , Avdeev S. N.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease characterized by the persistent restriction of airflow and is a consequence of chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract and lung tissue in response to exposure to inhaled damaging particles or gases. The high prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the high risk of mortality among patients has long been an important problem of the modern healthcare. One of the most severe complications of COPD is chronic respiratory failure. The use of oxygen in patients with chronic hypoxemia should be constant, prolonged and as usually carried out at home; therefore, this form of therapy is called long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT).

Aim. To determine the effect of the use of LTOT on survival in patients with COPD and chronic respiratory failure.

Materials and methods. 324 patients were retrospectively included in the study. They were hospitalized in the period from 2011 to 2017 with a confirmed diagnosis of COPD with FEV1 31,6% predicted used LTOT. Clinical data were obtained from patient medical histories. The control group (patients with COPD who did not receive LTOT) was also compiled based on retrospective data.

Results. The 5-year survival rate of patients with COPD treated with LTOT was 54.6 (95% CI 49.3–60.4) % (a total of 324 people, 177 of them died, 138 survived, 9 people were censored), in the control group – 34.7 (95% CI 30.6–39.3) % (482 in total people, 298 of them died, 166 survived, 18 censored) (р < 0.001).

Conclusions. The use of LTOT has a significantly positive effect on the survival of patients with COPD.
Paresis of the larynx after operations on the thyroid gland in an oncological clinic and methodological aspects of its relief
Authors: Novozhilova E. N. , Popadyuk V. I. , Bukanova N. Yu. , Chernolev A. I. , Kirichenko I. M.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. Paresis and paralysis of the larynx are a fairly common complication after thyroid surgery and are found in all clinics (oncology and endocrinology). The frequency of this complication according to the literature ranges from 4 to 35%. The risk of damage to the recurrent nerve increases especially during repeated operations on the thyroid gland. According to the literature, postoperative transient and persistent paresis of the larynx is distinguished.

Aim. To evaluate objective data on the larynx state in the postoperative period, estimate the time required for reversal of laryngeal paresis, and develop a laryngeal function recovery complex for the postoperative period.

Materials and methods. We analyzed data on 628 patients treated at the clinic in the department of head and neck tumors in 2020–2021. The study included 47 patients (7.2%) who met the selected criteria. Among them were 40 women and 7 men. The average age is 51 years (43–60 years). The duration of the disease averaged 62 months (24–102). In 38 patients, papillary cancer was detected, in 1 – medullary, in 8 – follicular tumors of a benign nature.

Results of the study. Early detection of laryngeal paresis occurred in 42 patients. In 52% (24 patients), postoperative hypocalcemia was detected, which was stopped on the background of drug administration. In 3 patients, fold mobility remained on days 1–2 after surgery, and paresis appeared on days 4–5. Speech therapy work includes a phased set of activities: 1) rational psychotherapy; 2) work on the normalization of physiological and phonation respiration; 3) phonopedic exercises; 4) in the presence of dysphagia, work is carried out to restore the function of swallowing.

Conclusions. The development of postoperative paresis of the larynx is possible even if the integrity of the recurrent nerves is preserved; the use of the technique of microsurgical neurolysis can significantly reduce the frequency of paresis of the larynx; with transient paresis, most often mobility is restored after 1-3 months; the use of an integrated approach to the rehabilitation of this category of patients allows to achieve improved functional results; with bilateral persistent paralysis of the larynx, as an alternative to tracheostomy, the chordotomy technique using a CO2 laser can be used.
Tofacitinib in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: real-life practice and randomized clinical trial data
Authors: Chichasova N. V. , Lila A. M.
Published: August 2023

The article justifies the need for a large arsenal of drugs to treat perennial rheumatoid arthritis. The authors present randomized controlled trial data showing high efficacy of tofacitinib at different doses as monotherapy, or in combination with methotrexate, or other conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-inflammatory drugs in suppressing the activity and progression of the disease in various groups of patients, both non-responders to methotrexate, and non-responders to tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors. Extension-phase data of randomized clinical trials demonstrated sustained efficacy of tofacitinib for up to 9.5 years. The authors presented the real-world evidence confirming high efficiency of the drug and noted the rapidity of onset of the effect and its high analgesic activity. The safety issues of tofacitinib with an emphasis on the cardiovascular safety of the drug, taking into account updates to the latest 2022 EULAR Recommendations on the need to consider risk factors for the development of cardiovascular adverse events when planning therapy with Janus kinase inhibitors are discussed. It is reported that slightly increased risk of such adverse events during use of tofacitinib, as compared with inhibitors of tumour necrosis factor alpha, was observed in elderly patients who have at least one risk factor for the development of cardiovascular events. Tofacitinib safety data were obtained from meta-analyses, systematic reviews, national registries, open observational studies, as well as outcomes of the use of the drug in real clinical practice. The launch of a domestic generic of the original drug was noted in the Russian Federation.
Clinical diversity and main directions of medical rehabilitation of dorsopathies of cervical-thoracic localization
Authors: Yakovlev E. V. , Zhivolupov S. A. , Gnevyshev E. N. , Achkasov E. E. , Butko D. Yu. , Vetrova T. V. , Davydov A. T.
Published: August 2023

Introduction. The high prevalence and increase in cases of seeking medical help for pain in dorsopathies determines the relevance of this problem. Among all the conditions included in the study of health care costs, non-specific musculoskeletal back pain ranks first in the world. A special place belongs to cervicothoracic dorsopathy (CTD), which are most common in developed countries and are characterized by a variety of clinical forms. In our opinion, a comprehensive method of treating CTD with the mandatory use of non-drug methods of therapy is the most optimal.

Aim. Determination of the relationship between the pathogenetic form of CTD (verification of pain triggers) and a personalized method of treating patients, containing a combination of drug therapy and a rehabilitation complex of physiotherapeutic, psychotherapeutic effects.

Materials and methods. Patients with CTD were included in the study. Neurological status assessment and biomechanical tests were carried out for accurate clinical verification of pathogenetic forms of CTD. Depending on the choice of treatment, respondents were stratified into comparable groups. The main group included patients to whom the original technique was applied, which implied a combination of drug therapy, a complex of rehabilitation physiotherapy and psychotherapeutic effects (n = 155), the control group (n = 65) – respondents who received a standard course of therapy. The statistical analysis included a comparative assessment of the intensity of pain syndrome, static-dynamic and reflex disorders before and after therapy.

Results. Both methods have shown their effectiveness. The original technique more effectively reduced the intensity of pain syndrome, reduced the frequency of reflex disorders (p < 0.05), significantly reduced static-dynamic disorders in all subgroups (p < 0.05), while the standard significantly reduced them only in the subgroup with uncomplicated forms of CTD, without achieving a therapeutic effect in complicated CTD.

Conclusion. The original method of therapy of patients with HCG has confirmed its effectiveness.
Skeletal and muscular manifestations of post-COVID syndrome: literature review
Authors: Minigalina K. M. , Gantseva Kh. Kh. , Sadretdinova L. D. , Golubyatnikov V. B. , Akhiiarova K. E. , Tyurin A. V.
Published: August 2023

The 2019 outbreak of a novel coronavirus infection in Wuhan City has resulted in a pandemic that has not only brought about global social change, but has also been a challenge for the entire medical community. The accumulation of material on this disease has revealed the multisystemic nature of internal organ damage with the development of new associated conditions, particularly those related to immunopathology and rheumatologic diseases. This review describes the literature on musculoskeletal symptoms during different periods of new-onset coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The paper defines the terms post-COVID syndrome and Long COVID, and describes clinical observations and the most common symptoms in adults and children. Clinical cases of joint syndrome are described in patients who have had a new coronavirus infection and no history of rheumatologic disease. Possible molecular pathogenesis of autoimmunity activation (cellular and humoral immune response as well as direct cytotoxic effect of the virus) both in acute period of coronavirus infection as well as during recuperation is also considered. Literature analysis of peculiarities of course of COVID-19 in patients with rheumatological diseases was carried out, in particular the risk of infection, its severe course and unfavourable outcome. In general, according to the analysis of the literature, musculoskeletal lesions occur more frequently between 3 and 10 weeks after the end of the acute stage of infection, most often manifested by muscle and joint pain, while the incidence of true reactive arthritis associated with COVID-19 is low. The pathogenesis of musculoskeletal damage requires further investigation and patients should be followed up for a longer period of time.
Antakya Kazası’nda Ailenin Yapısı (1760-1766)
Authors: DOKUZOĞLU Ece , ÜREKLİ Bayram
Published: August 2023

Bir yerin aile yapısını anlamak sosyal ve ekonomik yapısını anlamak kadar önemlidir. Bu çalışmada 1760-1766 yılları arasında Antakya Kazası’nda ailenin yapısını araştırmak hedeflenmiştir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde hukuki işlemlerin kaydedildiği kadı sicilleri aile yapısı hakkında da hayli bilgi vermektedir. Bu sebeple araştırma için belirtilen tarihler arasındaki şeriyye sicillerinden faydalanılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı 1760-1766 yılları arasında Antakya Kazası kadı sicillerindeki belgelerde ailenin oluşumu ve dağılımının yanı sıra ailenin sosyal ve ekonomik yapısı hakkında bilgileri de tespit etmektir. Ailenin yapısını iyi anlamak için nişan, evlenme, mehir, boşanma, eş ve çocuk sayılarıyla ilgili bilgiler ele alınmıştır. Ayrıca ailenin yaşam alanı ve kullanılan eşyalar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Aile oluşumunda tarafların anlaşarak nişanlanması ve bu nişanın bozulmasıyla çıkan anlaşmazlıkların mahkemeye yansıdığı, aynı zamanda boşanma için de mahkemeye başvurulduğu görülmektedir. Evlenme sırasında veya evlilik sonrasında erkeğin kadına vermesi gereken mehir miktarı ile ailenin yaşadığı mahalle, ev tipleri ve kullanılan eşyalarla ilgili bilgiler verilmiştir. Bu bilgiler Antakya Kazası’nda aile yapısı, toplumun sosyal, ekonomik ve kültürel yaşayışını belirli ölçüde de olsa ortaya koymaktadır.
Şahin Giray Dönemi’ndeki İsyanlarda Kendi Anlatımlarıyla Karaylar (1777-1783) “Öfke Dininceye Dek Tekrar Saklanmalıyız”
Authors: ÇOLAK Deniz , DERİN PAŞAOĞLU Derya
Published: August 2023

Küçük Kaynarca Antlaşması (1774) ile müstakil hanlık statüsü kazanan Kırım Hanlığı 1783 yılındaki Rus ilhakına değin iç çatışmalarla mücadele etmiştir. Kırım Yarımadasının çok etnikli ve çok dinli yapısı bu mücadeleler sırasında oldukça ilgi çekici hikâyelerin ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırlamıştır. İsyanlar ve iç savaşın sürdüğü kargaşa ortamından etkilenen çok dinli Kırım toplumu içinde yaşadıkları acılar ve bunları kaydetmeleri açısından Karaylar öne çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın konusunu da bahsi geçen Karay toplumunun hikâyeleri oluşturmaktadır.

Müstakil Kırım Hanlığı döneminde farklı etnik ve dini gruplar arasında varoluş mücadelesi vermek zorunda kalan ve bu gruplar arasında sıkışan Karay cemaatinin geride bıraktığı kayıtlardan yola çıkılarak hazırlanan çalışmada, isyanlar sırasında yaşanan dramatik olaylar ele alınmış ve bunların nedenleri üzerinde tartışılmıştır. Mevcut literatürde, Şahin Giray dönemindeki isyanlar siyasi olarak ele alınmakla birlikte isyanın toplumsal zemindeki karşılığı ihmal edilmiş bulunmaktadır. Bu eksiklikten yola çıkılarak mevcut çağdaş kaynaklar ışığında Kırımlı Karaylar incelenerek literatüre kazandırılmaya çalışılmıştır.