bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telocytes and ezrin expression in normal-appearing tissues adjacent to urothelial bladder carcinoma as predictors of invasiveness and recurrence
Authors: Wishahi Mohamed , Hassan Sarah , Hassan Marwa , Badawy Mohamed , Hafiz Ehab
Published: April 2023

Recurrence and progression rates vary widely among different histological subtypes of bladder cancer (BC). Normal-appearing mucosa in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and muscle-invasive bladder cancer in cystoscopy and histopathology is a factor in staging and treatment. Telocytes (TCs) are spindle-shaped cells that connect with other cell types allowing communication though cytoskeletal signaling. They are involved in tissue regeneration and pathogenesis of diseases and cancer. In this study, 12 normal-appearing tissues from urinary bladder with BC, both invasive and non-invasive were evaluated in patients who had either trans-urethral resection of bladder tumor or cystectomy. In each case, cystoscopy, intraoperative inspection, and histopathology all confirmed the absence of cancerous elements. Five patients with neurogenic bladder were used as a control group. Immunohistochemistry revealed that c-Kit + cells were intensively distributed in bladder layers from BC samples, while they were seldom detected in the control group. Ultrastructural examination of reprocessed tissue showed an intense distribution of TCs and telopodes in the submucosa and between smooth muscle cells in BC. Telopodes were numerous, arborizing, and intercommunicating. Whereas TCs and telopodes were scarce in the neurogenic bladder. Also, cancerous tissue had the highest expression level of ezrin protein, and this level gradually decreased as we moved away from the tumor. Our finding of TCs number in normal-appearing tissues in conjunction with ezrin expression may compete invasiveness and possibly a trail to reduce recurrence rates.
Vessel noise exposures of harbour seals from the Wadden Sea
Authors: Nachtsheim Dominik André , Johnson Mark , Schaffeld Tobias , van Neer Abbo , Madsen Peter T. , Findlay Charlotte R. , Rojano-Doñate Laia , Teilmann Jonas , Mikkelsen Lonnie , Baltzer Johannes , Ruser Andreas , Siebert Ursula , Schnitzler Joseph G.
Published: April 2023

The North Sea faces intense ship traffic owing to increasing human activities at sea. As harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) are abundant top predators in the North Sea, it is hypothesised that they experience repeated, high-amplitude vessel exposures. Here, we test this hypothesis by quantifying vessel noise exposures from deployments of long-term sound and movement tags (DTAGs) on nine harbour seals from the Wadden Sea. An automated tool was developed to detect intervals of elevated noise in the sound recordings. An assessment by multiple raters was performed to classify the source as either vessels or other sounds. A total of 133 vessel passes were identified with received levels > 97 dB re 1µPa RMS in the 2 kHz decidecade band and with ambient noise > 6 dB below this detection threshold. Tagged seals spent most of their time within Marine Protected Areas (89 ± 13%, mean ± SD) and were exposed to high-amplitude vessel passes 4.3 ± 1.6 times per day. Only 32% of vessel passes were plausibly associated with an AIS-registered vessel. We conclude that seals in industrialized waters are exposed repeatedly to vessel noise, even in areas designated as protected, and that exposures are poorly predicted by AIS data.
Sensory fusion in the hoverfly righting reflex
Authors: Verbe Anna , Martinez Dominique , Viollet Stéphane
Published: April 2023

We study how falling hoverflies use sensory cues to trigger appropriate roll righting behavior. Before being released in a free fall, flies were placed upside-down with their legs contacting the substrate. The prior leg proprioceptive information about their initial orientation sufficed for the flies to right themselves properly. However, flies also use visual and antennal cues to recover faster and disambiguate sensory conflicts. Surprisingly, in one of the experimental conditions tested, hoverflies flew upside-down while still actively flapping their wings. In all the other conditions, flies were able to right themselves using two roll dynamics: fast ($$\sim $$∼50ms) and slow ($$\sim $$∼110ms) in the presence of consistent and conflicting cues, respectively. These findings suggest that a nonlinear sensory integration of the three types of sensory cues occurred. A ring attractor model was developed and discussed to account for this cue integration process.
Perceiver and target partisanship shift facial trustworthiness effects on likability
Authors: Malloy Caraline S. , Hughes Colleen , Cassidy Brittany S.
Published: April 2023

The affective polarization characteristic of the United States’ political climate contributes to pervasive intergroup tension. This tension polarizes basic aspects of person perception, such as face impressions. For instance, face impressions are polarized by partisanship disclosure such that people form positive and negative impressions of, respectively, shared and opposing partisan faces. How partisanship interacts with other facial cues affecting impressions remains unclear. Building on work showing that facial trustworthiness, a core dimension of face perception, is especially salient for ingroup members, we reasoned that shared and opposing partisanship may also affect therelationbetween facial trustworthiness characteristics and subsequent likability impressions. A stronger positive relation emerged for shared versus opposing partisan faces across more conservative and liberal perceivers (Experiments 1 and 2). Exploratory analyses showed that this difference links to perceived partisan threat (Experiment 1) and that experimentally manipulating inter-party threat strengthened opposing partisan derogation and shared partisan enhancement patterns (Experiment 2). These findings suggest that partisanship extends from affecting overall face impressions of partisans to affecting the relation between a core dimension of face perception and subsequent impressions. These findings highlight the prevalence of partisanship effects in basic aspects of person perception and have implications for intergroup behavior.
G-protein coupled receptor 19 (GPR19) knockout mice display sex-dependent metabolic dysfunction
Authors: Mushala Bellina A. S. , Xie Bingxian , Sipula Ian J. , Stoner Michael W. , Thapa Dharendra , Manning Janet R. , Bugga Paramesha , Vandevender Amber M. , Jurczak Michael J. , Scott Iain
Published: April 2023

G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate signal transduction from the cellular surface to intracellular metabolic pathways. While the function of many GPCRs has been delineated previously, a significant number require further characterization to elucidate their cellular function. G-protein coupled receptor 19 (GPR19) is a poorly characterized class A GPCR which has been implicated in the regulation of circadian rhythm, tumor metastasis, and mitochondrial homeostasis. In this report, we use a novel knockout (KO) mouse model to examine the role of GPR19 in whole-body metabolic regulation. We show that loss of GPR19 promotes increased energy expenditure and decreased activity in both male and female mice. However, only male GPR19 KO mice display glucose intolerance in response to a high fat diet. Loss of GPR19 expression in male mice, but not female mice, resulted in diet-induced hepatomegaly, which was associated with decreased expression of key fatty acid oxidation genes in male GPR19 KO livers. Overall, our data suggest that loss of GPR19 impacts whole-body energy metabolism in diet-induced obese mice in a sex-dependent manner.
Estrogen associates with female predominance in Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Lu Yanwen , Zhu Yiqi , Ma Wenliang , Liu Ning , Dong Xiang , Shi Qiancheng , Yu Fei , Guo Hongqian , Li Dongmei , Gan Weidong
Published: April 2023

Based on the epidemiological characteristics of susceptibility and age selectivity for women in Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinoma (Xp11.2 tRCC), we inferred that estrogen was to be blamed. Rad54 like 2 (Rad54l2) which might be one of key effector proteins of DNA damage mediated by estrogen was downregulated in numerous cancers, however, its role in epidemiological characteristics of Xp11.2 tRCC was needed to further study. We reviewed 1005 Xp11.2 tRCC cases and collected estrogen data and then compared the onset time of Xp11.2 tRCC cases in female with estrogen changing trend. An RNA-sequencing was performed in estrogen treated HK-2 cells and subsequently bioinformatic analysis was applied based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO database. The male-to-female ratio of Xp11.2 tRCC was 1:1.4 and the median age of onset was 29.7 years old. The onset trend of female was similar to estrogen physiological rhythm (r = 0.67, p < 0.01). In Xp11.2 tRCC and HK-2 cells after estrogen treatment, Rad54l2 was downregulated, and GSEA showed that pathways significantly enriched in DNA damage repair and cancer related clusters after estrogen treated, as well as GO and KEGG analysis. Downregulation of Rad54l2 was in numerous cancers, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC), in which Rad54l2 expression was significantly decreased in male, age over 60 years old, T2&T3&T4 stages, pathologic SII&SIII&SIV stages as well as histologic G3&G4 grades, and cox regression analysis proved that Rad54l2 expression was a risk factor for overall survival, disease-specific survival and progression-free interval in univariate analysis. There existed female predominance in Xp11.2 tRCC and Rad54l2 might play vital role in estrogen mediating female predominance in Xp11.2 tRCC.
Investigating the domestication and early management of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in the Sámi archaeological context from teeth geometric morphometrics
Authors: Pelletier Maxime , Discamps Emmanuel , Bignon-Lau Olivier , Salmi Anna-Kaisa
Published: April 2023

For centuries, reindeer herding has been an integral part of the subsistence, lifeways, economy and cosmology of the Sámi of northern Fennoscandia. Despite its importance, the timing and details of early reindeer domestication are still highly debated. Identifying domesticated individuals in the archaeological record remains complicated due to the presence of two interbreeding subspecies in Fennoscandia and a mixed socio-economic organisation by Sámi populations, which was mainly a combination of wild reindeer hunting and small-scale reindeer herding. This study proposes methodological improvement for identifying domestic individuals using 2D landmark and sliding semi-landmark based geometric morphometrics on the isolated lower molars of 389 modern specimens, and 90 teeth from four archaeological sites in Finnish Lapland. Our results indicate that despite the significant impact of wear on overall tooth morphology, our protocol is very useful for identifying subspecies (classification accuracy of the two species is between 78 and 91% depending on the wear class) and understanding the morphological changes induced by the domestication process. We suggest that the morphological variation observable among modern populations has been impacted by recent changes in herding strategies in northern Fennoscandia, and that the archaeological domesticated reindeer populations were relatively different, probably due to selection by the Sámi. This study also highlights the importance of using other direct evidence or contextual archaeological data to better trace the early evidence of a domesticated reindeer economy in northern Fennoscandia, and aid in reconstructing the socio-economic changes in Sámi populations over time.
Evaluation of non-gastric upper gastrointestinal system polyps: an epidemiological assessment
Authors: Erdoğan Çağdaş , Arı Derya , Yeşil Bayram , Koşar Kenan , Coşkun Orhan , Tenlik İlyas , Köseoğlu Hasan Tankut , Yüksel Mahmut
Published: April 2023

Non-gastric upper gastrointestinal system polyps are detected rarely and mostly incidentally during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. While the majority of lesions are asymptomatic and benign, some lesions have the potential to become malignant, and may be associated with other malignancies. Between May 2010 and June 2022, a total of 127,493 patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were retrospectively screened. Among these patients, those who had polyps in the esophagus and duodenum and biopsied were included in the study. A total of 248 patients with non-gastric polyps were included in this study. The esophageal polyp detection rate was 80.00/100,000, while the duodenal polyp detection rate was 114.52/100,000. In 102 patients (41.1%) with esophageal polyps, the mean age was 50.6 ± 15.1, and 44.1% (n = 45) were male. The most common type of polyps was squamous papilloma (n = 61, 59.8%), followed by inflammatory papilloma (n = 18, 17.6%). In 146 patients (58.9%) with duodenal polyps, the mean age of patients was 58.3 ± 16.5, and 69.8% (n = 102) were male. Brunner's gland hyperplasia, inflammatory polyp, ectopic gastric mucosa, and adenomatous polyp were reported to be the most prevalent types of polyps in the duodenum overall (28.1%, 27.4%, 14.4%, and 13.7%, respectively). It is crucial to identify rare non-gastric polyps and create an effective follow-up and treatment plan in the era of frequently performed upper gastrointestinal endoscopies. The epidemiological assessment of non-gastric polyps, as well as a follow-up and treatment strategy, are presented in this study.
Production of Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4/activated carbon@chitosan magnetic nanobiocomposite as a novel adsorbent of methylene blue in aqueous solutions
Authors: Dastoom Zakaria
Published: April 2023

Methylene blue is a cationic dye, not degraded naturally due to its aromatic rings. Accordingly, biological, chemical, and physical water treatment methods have been proposed for its removal. Adsorption is an economical and effective method in this regard. In this study, the nickel–cobalt ferrite/activated carbon@chitosan magnetic nanobiocomposite was synthesized as an adsorbent. The nano-adsorbent was evaluated with FESEM, which estimated the particle size at ~ 16.64 nm. According to EDAX analysis, the purity of particles was 99%. XRD characterization showed the successful coverage of chitosan, correct placement of nickel–cobalt ferrite, and the nono-structure of crystallites. The specific surface area was 316 m2/g using the BET theory and 285 m2/g using the Langmuir theory, and the porosity volume was 0.18 cm3/g. According to the VSM analysis, magnetic reluctance and coercive force were 1.1 emu/g and 499 Oe, respectively. The FTIR analysis showed that the reaction was successful, and methylene blue was present on the adsorbent surface. The methylene blue adsorption test indicated that 388 mg/g of the dye was adsorbed (97% dye removal), and the final concentration reached 6 mg/L after 8 h. The point of zero charge (pHpzc) was 6.8.
Effect of dietary olive (Olea europea) pomace on productive performance, and physiological and meat quality parameters in Jumbo quail
Authors: Hlatshwayo Itumeleng S. , Mnisi Caven M. , Egbu Chidozie F.
Published: April 2023

High levels of dietary fiber could restrict the inclusion of olive (Olea europea L.) pomace (OP) as a source of energy and bioactive compounds in Jumbo quail (Coturnix sp.) diets. In this study, the optimum inclusion level of dietary OP on growth and carcass performance, serum biochemistry, and meat quality parameters in Jumbo quail was investigated. One-week-old Jumbo quail (350; 28.9 ± 1.29 g live-weight) were reared on a standard mash grower diet with 0 (OP0), 100 (OP10), 150 (OP15), 200 (OP20), and 250 g/kg (OP25) OP for five weeks. The experimental diets were randomly allocated to 35 pens (experimental units) with seven replicates each. Overall body weight gain in Jumbo quail fed with diets OP20 and OP25 was lower (p < 0.001) than those fed diets OP0 and OP10. Including dietary OP had no effect on the overall gain-to-feed ratio, serum biochemistry, and internal organs but linearly reduced carcass yields. Diet OP25 promoted a higher (p < 0.022) meat hue angle value than the other diets. The inclusion of OP beyond 150 g/kg compromised growth and carcass performance, and altered some meat color attributes, but had no influence on serum biochemistry, and internal organs of the Jumbo quail.
Determining the orientation of acetabular prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty by refering to the anatomical landmarker of acetabular notches
Authors: Zhang Heng , Zhou Jiansheng , Ling Xiao , Chen Haonan , Du Mingqiu , Zhao Jianning
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to explore a novel method to determine the orientation of acetabular prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty (THA) by refering to the anatomical landmarker of acetabular notches. Forty-one normal developmental hips were included in the present study. The acetabulums were reamed according to standard surgical procedures of THA on life-size 3D printing pelvis models. The inferior edge of acetabular cup were placed (1–5) mm proximal and distal to the proximal line of the anterior and posterior acetabular notches (PLAPAN) respectively to determine cup inclination. The inferior edge of acetabular cup were placed (1–5) mm pronating and supinating around the proximal point of acetabular posterior notch (PPAPN) respectively to determine cup anteversion. The pelvis plain radiographs were took and the inclination and anteversion of the acetabular cup at 22 positions were calculated. In the normal developmental hip, the mean inclination of acetabular prothesis were (35.10 ± 3.22)° and (45.90 ± 2.68)° when the inferior edge of the acetabular cup was 3 mm proximal and 1 mm distal to the PLAPAN. The optimal cup inclination could be obtained when the inferior edge of the acetabular cup was 1 mm proximal to the PLAPAN (the mean inclination was (40.71 ± 2.80)°). The mean anteversion of acetabular prothesis were (10.67 ± 4.55)° and (20.86 ± 4.44)° when the inferior edge of the acetabular cup was 1 mm pronating and 1 mm supinating around the PPAPN. The optimal cup anteversion could be obtained when the inferior edge of the acetabular cup was parallel to the PLAPAN (the mean anteversion was (18.00 ± 1.64)°). The inclination and anteversion of acetabular prosthesis could be determined by refering the anatomical landmarks of acetabular notches, which could help orthopedists to install the acetabular prosthesis quickly and safely in THA.
Cytokimera GIL-11 rescued IL-6R deficient mice from partial hepatectomy-induced death by signaling via non-natural gp130:LIFR:IL-11R complexes
Authors: Rafii Puyan , Seibel Christiane , Weitz Hendrik T. , Ettich Julia , Minafra Anna Rita , Petzsch Patrick , Lang Alexander , Floss Doreen M. , Behnke Kristina , Köhrer Karl , Moll Jens M. , Scheller Jürgen
Published: April 2023

All except one cytokine of the Interleukin (IL-)6 family share glycoprotein (gp) 130 as the common β receptor chain. Whereas Interleukin (IL-)11 signal via the non-signaling IL-11 receptor (IL-11R) and gp130 homodimers, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) recruits gp130:LIF receptor (LIFR) heterodimers. Using IL-11 as a framework, we exchange the gp130-binding site III of IL-11 with the LIFR binding site III of LIF. The resulting synthetic cytokimera GIL-11 efficiently recruits the non-natural receptor signaling complex consisting of gp130, IL-11R and LIFR resulting in signal transduction and proliferation of factor-depending Ba/F3 cells. Besides LIF and IL-11, GIL-11 does not activate receptor complexes consisting of gp130:LIFR or gp130:IL-11R, respectively. Human GIL-11 shows cross-reactivity to mouse and rescued IL-6R−/− mice following partial hepatectomy, demonstrating gp130:IL-11R:LIFR signaling efficiently induced liver regeneration. With the development of the cytokimera GIL-11, we devise the functional assembly of the non-natural cytokine receptor complex of gp130:IL-11R:LIFR.
Does AlphaFold2 model proteins’ intracellular conformations? An experimental test using cross-linking mass spectrometry of endogenous ciliary proteins
Authors: McCafferty Caitlyn L. , Pennington Erin L. , Papoulas Ophelia , Taylor David W. , Marcotte Edward M.
Published: April 2023

A major goal in structural biology is to understand protein assemblies in their biologically relevant states. Here, we investigate whether AlphaFold2 structure predictions match native protein conformations. We chemically cross-linked proteins in situ within intact Tetrahymena thermophila cilia and native ciliary extracts, identifying 1,225 intramolecular cross-links within the 100 best-sampled proteins, providing a benchmark of distance restraints obeyed by proteins in their native assemblies. The corresponding structure predictions were highly concordant, positioning 86.2% of cross-linked residues within Cɑ-to-Cɑ distances of 30 Å, consistent with the cross-linker length. 43% of proteins showed no violations. Most inconsistencies occurred in low-confidence regions or between domains. Overall, AlphaFold2 predictions with lower predicted aligned error corresponded to more correct native structures. However, we observe cases where rigid body domains are oriented incorrectly, as for ciliary protein BBC118, suggesting that combining structure prediction with experimental information will better reveal biologically relevant conformations.
In situ visualization of opioid and cannabinoid drug effects using phosphosite-specific GPCR antibodies
Authors: Fritzwanker Sebastian , Nagel Falko , Kliewer Andrea , Stammer Viviane , Schulz Stefan
Published: April 2023

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important signal transducers that are phosphorylated upon activation at intracellular serine and threonine residues. Although antibodies that specifically recognize the phosphorylation state of GPCRs have been available for many years, efficient immunolocalization of phosphorylated receptors in their tissues of origin has not been possible. Here, we show that phosphorylation of receptors is highly unstable during routine immunohistochemical procedures, requiring the use of appropriate phosphatase inhibitors particular during tissue perfusion, post-fixation, and cryoprotection but not during immunostaining of tissue sections. We provide proof of concept using phosphorylation state-specific μ-opioid receptor (MOP) and cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) antibodies. Indeed, three of four well-characterized phosphosite-specific MOP antibodies, including pS375-MOP, pT376-MOP, and pT379-MOP, showed robust neuronal immunostaining in brain and spinal cord sections of opioid-treated mice only after inclusion of phosphatase inhibitors. We then extended this approach to the CB1 receptor and demonstrated that one of three newly-generated phosphosite-specific CB1 antibodies, namely pS425-CB1, showed striking staining of fibers and varicosities in brain slices from cannabinoid-treated mice. Although subsequent experiments showed that phospho-CB1 immunostaining was less sensitive to phosphatases, we conclude that the use of phosphatase inhibitors should always be considered in the development of immunohistochemical procedures for new phosphosite-specific GPCR antibodies. In summary, we anticipate that this improved protocol will facilitate the widespread use of phosphorylation state-specific antibodies to monitor the activation of endogenous GPCRs under physiological and pharmacological conditions. Our approach may also prove useful to confirm target engagement of GPCR drug candidates in native tissues.
Stress deficits in reward behaviour are associated with and replicated by dysregulated amygdala-nucleus accumbens pathway function in mice
Authors: Madur Lorraine , Ineichen Christian , Bergamini Giorgio , Greter Alexandra , Poggi Giulia , Cuomo-Haymour Nagiua , Sigrist Hannes , Sych Yaroslav , Paterna Jean-Charles , Bornemann Klaus D. , Viollet Coralie , Fernandez-Albert Francesc , Alanis-Lobato Gregorio , Hengerer Bastian , Pryce Christopher R.
Published: April 2023

Reduced reward interest/learning and reward-to-effort valuation are distinct, common symptoms in neuropsychiatric disorders for which chronic stress is a major aetiological factor. Glutamate neurons in basal amygdala (BA) project to various regions including nucleus accumbens (NAc). The BA-NAc neural pathway is activated by reward and aversion, with many neurons being monovalent. In adult male mice, chronic social stress (CSS) leads to reduced discriminative reward learning (DRL) associated with decreased BA-NAc activity, and to reduced reward-to-effort valuation (REV) associated, in contrast, with increased BA-NAc activity. Chronic tetanus toxin BA-NAc inhibition replicates the CSS-DRL effect and causes a mild REV reduction, whilst chronic DREADDs BA-NAc activation replicates the CSS effect on REV without affecting DRL. This study provides evidence that stress disruption of reward processing involves the BA-NAc neural pathway; the bi-directional effects implicate opposite activity changes in reward (learning) neurons and aversion (effort) neurons in the BA-NAc pathway following chronic stress.
Vimar/RAP1GDS1 promotes acceleration of brain aging after flies and mice reach middle age
Authors: Xiong Ying , Cheng Qi , Li Yajie , Han Yanping , Sun Xin , Liu Lei
Published: April 2023

Brain aging may accelerate after rodents reach middle age. However, the endogenous mediator that promotes this acceleration is unknown. We predict that the mediator may be expressed after an organism reaches middle age and dysregulates mitochondrial function. In the neurons of wild-typeDrosophila(flies), we observed that mitochondria were fragmented in aged flies, and this fragmentation was associated with mitochondrial calcium overload. In a previous study, we found that mitochondrial fragmentation induced by calcium overload was reversed by the loss ofVimar, which forms a complex with Miro. Interestingly,Vimarexpression was increased after the flies reached middle age. Overexpression ofVimarin neurons resulted in premature aging and mitochondrial calcium overload. In contrast, downregulation ofVimarin flies older than middle age promoted healthy aging. As the mouse homolog of Vimar,RAP1GDS1expression was found to be increased after mice reached middle age;RAP1GDS1-transgenic andRAP1GDS1-knockdown mice displayed similar responses to flies with overexpressed and reducedVimarexpression, respectively. This research provides genetic evidence of a conserved endogenous mediator that promotes accelerated brain aging.
Structure and thermodynamics of water adsorption in NU-1500-Cr
Authors: Ho Ching-Hwa , Valentine Mason L. , Chen Zhijie , Xie Haomiao , Farha Omar , Xiong Wei , Paesani Francesco
Published: April 2023

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of materials with diverse chemical and structural properties, and have been shown to effectively adsorb various types of guest molecules. The mechanism of water adsorption in NU-1500-Cr, a high-performance atmospheric water harvesting MOF, is investigated using a combination of molecular dynamics simulations and infrared spectroscopy. Calculations of thermodynamic and dynamical properties of water as a function of relative humidity allow for following the adsorption process from the initial hydration stage to complete filling of the MOF pores. Initial hydration begins at the water molecules that saturate the open Cr3+ sites of the framework, which is then followed by the formation of water chains that extend along the channels connecting the hexagonal pores of the framework. Water present in these channels gradually coalesces and fills the hexagonal pores sequentially after the channels are completely hydrated. The development of hydrogen-bond networks inside the MOF pores as a function of relative humidity is characterized at the molecular level using experimental and computational infrared spectroscopy. A detailed analysis of the OH-stretch vibrational band indicates that the low-frequency tail stems from strongly polarized hydrogen-bonded water molecules, suggesting the presence of some structural disorder in the experimental samples. Strategies for designing efficient water harvesting MOFs are also proposed based on the mechanism of water adsorption in NU-1500-Cr.
Second harmonic injection locking of coupled spin torque vortex oscillators with an individual phase access
Authors: Martins Leandro , Jenkins Alex S. , Borme Jérôme , Ventura João , Freitas Paulo P. , Ferreira Ricardo
Published: April 2023

The synchronisation of magnetic tunnel junctions in the high frequency domain has attracted significant interest in the context of novel computation paradigms, specifically neuromorphic spintronics and probabilistic computing. In this work, a design for the coupling and synchronization of spin torque vortex oscillators (STVOs) is implemented. The geometry comprises the fabrication of adjacent pairs of STVO nanopillars (MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions), with an edge-to-edge distance down to 100 nm, together with individual top contacts that allow an independent electrical access to each device. In this geometry, the magneto-dipolar coupling promotes the synchronization of the two oscillators, at the same time as the access to the frequency and phase of each individual oscillator is possible. Both frequency and time domain measurements confirm a successful synchronization, with the coupling being controlled by the relative DC bias in each oscillator. As a proof-of-concept towards an oscillator-based Ising machine, it is also shown that the second harmonic injection locking of an STVO can be controlled by tuning the magneto-dipolar coupling to its correspondent STVO pair. These results represent a step forward for the implementation of magneto-dipolar coupled magnetic tunnel junctions, specifically in the field of unconventional computing hardware.
Evading dynamic strength and ductility trade-off in a high-entropy alloy via local chemical ordering
Authors: Wang Ruixin , Duan Dabo , Tang Yu , Lei Zhifeng , Li Shun , Chen Rong , Ma Chao , Wu Yuan , Bai Shuxin , Lu Zhaoping
Published: April 2023

Strength-ductility trade-off in metals is sever under dynamic loading due to the strain rate effect and adiabatic shear failure. Here, we demonstrate that both strength and ductility progressively increase with increasing strain rate in a body-centered cubic TiZrNbTa refractory high-entropy alloy. We find that a prominent strain rate effect occurs, with a yield strength of 1879 ± 10 MPa at a strain rate of 6500 s−1, which is double that compared to a strain rate of 10−3 s−1. Simultaneously, Zr- and (Nb, Ta)-enriched local chemical ordering stimulates dislocation slip, enhancing homogeneous deformation capacity and adiabatic shear resistance under high strain rates. These findings suggest the importance of local chemical ordering to the dynamic properties of high-entropy alloys, and offer a way to develop metallic materials with improved dynamic mechanical properties.
Metatranscriptomic response of the wheat holobiont to decreasing soil water content
Authors: Pande Pranav M , Azarbad Hamed , Tremblay Julien , St-Arnaud Marc , Yergeau Etienne
Published: April 2023

Crops associate with microorganisms that help their resistance to biotic stress. However, it is not clear how the different partners of this association react during exposure to stress. This knowledge is needed to target the right partners when trying to adapt crops to climate change. Here, we grew wheat in the field under rainout shelters that let through 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of the precipitation. At the peak of the growing season, we sampled plant roots and rhizosphere, and extracted and sequenced their RNA. We compared the 100% and the 25% treatments using differential abundance analysis. In the roots, most of the differentially abundant (DA) transcripts belonged to the fungi, and most were more abundant in the 25% precipitation treatment. About 10% of the DA transcripts belonged to the plant and most were less abundant in the 25% precipitation treatment. In the rhizosphere, most of the DA transcripts belonged to the bacteria and were generally more abundant in the 25% precipitation treatment. Taken together, our results show that the transcriptomic response of the wheat holobiont to decreasing precipitation levels is stronger for the fungal and bacterial partners than for the plant.
Fundamentals of Li/CFxbattery design and application
Authors: Zhang Shixue , Kong Lingchen , Li Yu , Peng Cong , Feng Wei
Published: April 2023

A panoramic view of the Li/CFxbattery, ranging from mechanism to materials synthesis, the structure–performance relationships and energy-guided strategy are included.
Hyperoside inhibits pancreatic lipase activity in vitro and reduces fat accumulation in vivo
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Li Dan , Wang Kexin , Xie Jiao , Liu Yaojie , Wang Tianxin , Liu Suwen , Huang Qun , Guo Qingbin , Wang Hao
Published: April 2023

Hyperoside, the main component of many anti-obesity plants, might exhibit a lipase inhibition effect to reduce fat accumulation.
Recent progress in flexible micro-pressure sensors for wearable health monitoring
Authors: Hu Jianguo , Dun Guanhua , Geng Xiangshun , Chen Jing , Wu Xiaoming , Ren Tian-Ling
Published: April 2023

Flexible micro-pressure sensors for wearable health monitoring.
Mannose-functionalized star polycation mediated CRISPR/Cas9 delivery for lung cancer therapy
Authors: Wang Yu , Qi Yu , Guo Xindong , Zhang Kai , Yu Bingran , Xu Fu-Jian
Published: April 2023

Mannose-functionalized cationic polymers with pCas9-survivin to treat tumor.
Chemical tunability of advanced materials used in the fabrication of micro/nanobots
Authors: Andhari Saloni , Khutale Ganesh , Gupta Rituja , Patil Yuvraj , Khandare Jayant
Published: April 2023

Designing chemical composites using advanced nanomaterials results in micro/nanorobots with exceptional autonomous navigation ability and bio-chemical functionality.
Palladium single-atom catalyst supported on ceria for α-alkylation of ketones with primary alcohols
Authors: Yang Dongyuan , Wang Hongli , Liu Ce , Chang Chun-Ran
Published: April 2023

A highly active and dispersed palladium single-atom supported on cubic CeO2catalyst was developed for α-alkylation of ketones with primary alcohols under low catalyst and base usage.
Multi-technique structural analysis of zinc carboxylates (soaps)
Authors: Wagner Molly , Pigliapochi Roberta , Di Tullio Valeria , Catalano Jaclyn , Zumbulyadis Nicholas , Centeno Silvia A. , Wang Xiaoling , Chen Kuizhi , Hung Ivan , Gan Zhehong , Dworzak Michael R. , Yap Glenn P. A. , Dybowski Cecil
Published: April 2023

A series of medium- and long-chain zinc carboxylates was analyzed by ultra-high-field 67Zn NMR, 13C NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. Novel crystal structures for three of these carboxylates are also reported.
Interactions between cerium dioxide nanoparticles and arsenite change their biological fate in the gastrointestinal tract of mice
Authors: Huang Yingyan , Lum Judy Tsz-Shan , Ho Wai-Kit , Leung Kelvin Sze-Yin
Published: April 2023

The large-scale production of engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), such as cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs), raises concerns towards their impact on human health.
Computer-assisted design of metal-free catalysts for highly efficient hydration of epoxides at mild temperatures and atmospheric pressure via multiple hydrogen bonding interactions
Authors: Zhao Zhenyu , Zhang Weidong , Jiang Lili , Tao Han , Wang Shenyao , Wang Kaili , Lin Wenjun , Shi Guiling , Li Haoran , Wang Congmin
Published: April 2023

A new strategy for developing metal-free catalysts via multiple hydrogen bonding interactions using a computer-assisted method.
Sequential logic circuit built onλexonuclease for cross inhibition
Authors: Guo Zhi , Zhang Xun , Zhou Shihua
Published: April 2023

A proposed strategy for implementing a sequential logic circuit based onλexonuclease that not only detects the relative order of two signals but also provides control functions, showing great potential for time-resolved biosensing.
Mussel-inspired PDA/Ag nanocomposite catalyst for highly-efficient Cr(vi) removal via visible light-induced reduction and absorption
Authors: Lu Xi , Gao Zhiwei , Wang Guihua , Chen Sheng , Gu Yingchun , Yan Bin , Yang Qin
Published: April 2023

Polydopamine/Ag-nanoparticle is prepared via reducing Ag+ to Ag nanoparticles by PDA. The photocatalyst shows outstanding catalytic efficiency for Cr(vi) via absorption and photo-induced reduction.
Revealing the interfacial water structure on a p-nitrobenzoic acid specifically adsorbed Au(111) surface
Authors: Fang Yuan , Hu Ren , Ye Jin-Yu , Qu Hang , Zhou Zhi-You , Duan Sai , Tian Zhong-Qun , Xu Xin
Published: April 2023

An interfacial water structure in a Au(111)(3 × 5)–2PNBA frame was revealed by combining surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy and the as-developed computational method for electrochemical infrared spectroscopy.
Facile access to chiral γ-butyrolactones via rhodium-catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation of γ-butenolides and γ-hydroxybutenolides
Authors: Zhou Yuxuan , Guo Siyuan , Huang Qiyuan , Lang Qiwei , Chen Gen-Qiang , Zhang Xumu
Published: April 2023

A general and efficient rhodium(i)-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of γ-butenolides and γ-hydroxybutenolides was disclosed, providing a wide range of chiral γ-butyrolactones in high yields and enantioselectivities with Rh/ZhaoPhos as a catalyst.
Origin of intersystem crossing in highly distorted organic molecules: a case study with red light-absorbingN,N,O,O-boron-chelated Bodipys
Authors: Zhang Xue , Sukhanov Andrey A. , Liu Xi , Taddei Maria , Zhao Jianzhang , Harriman Anthony , Voronkova Violeta K. , Wan Yan , Dick Bernhard , Di Donato Mariangela
Published: April 2023

A twisted π-conjugated framework does not necessarily promote efficacious ISC, energy matching of S1/Tnexcited states offers a more promising route to triplet enhancement.
Metal–organic framework-derived hollow Co9S8 nanotube arrays coupled with porous FeCo–P nanosheets as an efficient electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors
Authors: Alitabar Kosar , Zardkhoshoui Akbar Mohammadi , Hosseiny Davarani Saied Saeed
Published: April 2023

Hollow Co9S8 nanotubes@FeCo–P nanosheet arrays are synthesized on nickel foam for hybrid supercapacitors.
A 1.2V −55°C‐125°C ultra‐low noise bandgap voltage reference without start‐up circuit
Authors: Tao Linzhi , Zhuang Haoyu , Li Qiang
Published: April 2023

This paper proposes a novel bandgap voltage reference (BGR) with low temperature coefficient, ultra‐low noise and without start‐up circuit. Designed in a TSMC 180‐nm CMOS technology, this bandgap voltage reference operates in the temperature range of −55 to 125°C with 5‐V voltage supply and provides a 1.2‐V output voltage VBG. A 16.8 ppm/°C temperature coefficient (TC) and the output RMS noise from 0.1 to 10 Hz of 1.69 µV is achieved. The circuit‐level simulation results verify the presented structure. By the improved architecture of the IPTAT generation stage, the proposed BGR can be powered on normally without designing additional start‐up circuit to eliminate equilibrium point, which greatly simplifies the circuit complexity.
A novel bandgap voltage reference based on folding compensation
Authors: Liu Mingyu , Zhuang Haoyu , Huang Liangchen , Tao Linzhi , Li Qiang
Published: April 2023

This letter proposes a novel bandgap reference circuit that utilizes both curvature and folding compensation to achieve a temperature coefficient (TC) of 2.23 ppm/°C. Unlike traditional BGRs, the unique folding compensation method of this circuit improves the performance at low temperature and can also be applied within a specific temperature range.
AN SiC‐based soft‐switching and self‐power supply MMC for MVDC
Authors: Zhang Shaohua , Sun Lejia , Xue Xuan , Lv Hongliang , Jia Renxu
Published: April 2023

Here, a novel modular multilevel converter (MMC) and its associated control scheme are proposed for medium‐voltage direct‐current (MVDC) distribution systems. The voltage gain and power can achieve wide‐range expansion by expanding sub‐modules. The voltage, current, and power are shared among all sub‐modules. In addition, all semiconductor devices implement soft switching under low voltage stress and current stress by introducing an auxiliary cell in each sub‐module. By reasonably distributing the energy collected in the soft switching process, the converter realizes the self‐power supply for the drive control circuit of the high‐potential semiconductor switches, wherein the sub‐modules are turned on step by step. The structure of the converter is described and its working principle and control strategy are analyzed in detail. Finally, a 1.8 kW experimental prototype based on SiC devices is provided to achieve an efficiency of 97.3%.
Efficient face image super‐resolution with convenient alternating projection network
Authors: Chen Xitong , Wu Yuntao , Chen Jiangchuan , Wang Jiaming , Zeng Kangli
Published: April 2023

The existing deep learning‐based face super‐resolution techniques can achieve satisfactory performance. However, these methods often incur large computational costs, and deeper networks generate redundant features. Some lightweight reconstruction networks also present limited representation ability because they ignore the entire contour and fine texture of the face for the sake of efficiency. Here, the authors propose a convenient alternating projection network (CAPN) for efficient face super‐resolution. First, the authors design a novel alternating projection block cascaded convolutional neural network to alternately achieve content consistency and learn detailed facial feature differences between super‐resolution and ground‐truth face images. Second, the self‐correction mechanism enabled the convolutional layer to capture faithful features that facilitate adaptive reconstruction. Moreover, a convenient connection operation can reduce the generation of redundant facial features while maintaining accurate reconstruction information. Extensive experiments demonstrated that the proposed CAPN can effectively reduce the computational cost while achieving competitive qualitative and quantitative results compared to state‐of‐the‐art super‐resolution methods.
Intelligent reflecting surface‐aided Doppler compensation for Low‐Earth orbit satellite networks: Joint power allocation and passive beamforming optimisation
Authors: Lee Jaein , Lee Juhwan , Toka Mesut , Shin Wonjae , Lee Jungwoo
Published: April 2023

Due to the reduction in costs of manufacture and launch of Low‐Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, LEO satellite communication (SATCOM) has become a promising solution to provide high data rates and low latency connectivity for future communications. However, due to the fast movement of LEO satellites, it has to face a large Doppler effect, leading to high inter‐carrier interference (ICI) power and severe received symbol error rate. To tackle this problem, a novel optimisation framework is proposed that boosts the achievable rate in LEO SATCOM networks by utilising passive beamforming of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) to compensate for the Doppler effect. First, a carrier‐to‐interference‐noise ratio (CINR) was derived for each subcarrier and a joint optimisation problem of both power allocation is formulated to each subcarrier and passive beamforming of IRS. Moreover, a simultaneous iterative‐water‐filling‐algorithm (SIWFA) and semidefinite programing (SDP) are utilised, thereby striking a balance that minimises ICI power and maximises desired signal power. Numerical results demonstrate the superior achievable rate performance of the proposed IRS‐aided Doppler compensation for LEO SATCOM networks compared to benchmark schemes.
Psychological Aspects of Infertility – Results from an Actor–Partner Interdependence Analysis
Authors: Thanscheidt Carla Luisa , Pätsch Patrick , Rösner Sabine , Germeyer Ariane , Krause Manja , Kentenich Heribert , Siercks Ikbale , Häberlin Felix , Ehrbar Verena , Tschudin Sibil , Böttcher Bettina , Toth Bettina , Wischmann Tewes
Published: April 2023

Introduction For some patients, undergoing medical treatment for infertility is a cause of major emotional stress which the couple needs to deal with together; it can be said that
infertility is a shared stressor. From the literature it is known that a subjectively perceived sense of self-efficacy supports the patient’s ability to cope adaptively with an illness. As
the basis for this study, we assumed that high levels of self-efficacy are associated with low psychological risk scores (e.g., for anxiety or depressiveness), both in the patient
themselves and in their partner. Accordingly, in infertility patients, targeted support to promote helpful self-efficacy expectations could represent a new counselling strategy that could
enable psychologically vulnerable patients to better cope with the treatment procedure and treatment failures of medically assisted reproduction, making these patients less at risk with
regard to psychosocial factors.

Methods 721 women and men attending five fertility centers in Germany (Heidelberg, Berlin), Austria (Innsbruck), and Switzerland (St. Gallen, Basel) completed the SCREENIVF-R
questionnaire to identify psychological risk factors for amplified emotional problems, as well as the ISE scale to measure self-efficacy. Using paired t-tests and the actor–partner
interdependence model, we analyzed the data of 320 couples.

Results Considering the study participants as couples, women had a higher risk score than men for four out of five risk factors (depressiveness, anxiety, lack of acceptance,
helplessness). In all of the risk areas, it was possible to identify a protective effect from self-efficacy on the patient’s own risk factors (actor effect). There was a negative
correlation between the men’s self-efficacy level and the women’s feelings of depressiveness and helplessness (partner effect, man → woman). The women’s self-efficacy levels had a positive
correlation with acceptance and access to social support in the men (partner effect, woman → man).

Conclusion Because infertility is generally something that a couple has to deal with together, future studies should focus on couples as the unit of analysis instead of just
analyzing the men and women separately. In addition, couples therapy should be the gold standard in psychotherapy for infertility patients.
Sexualität im Maßregelvollzug. Ergebnisse einer
qualitativen Befragung von Mitarbeitenden und Handlungsempfehlungen für
die klinische Praxis
Authors: Götzl Christian , Büsselmann Michael , Klein Verena , Streb Judith , Dudeck Manuela
Published: April 2023

Ziel der Studie Untersuchung der Perspektive von Mitarbeitenden auf
Sexualität und sexuelle Gesundheit bei stationär untergebrachten
Patient*innen in zwei geschlechtergetrennten bayrischen
Maßregelvollzügen.

Methoden 19 teilstrukturierte Interviews wurden inhaltsanalytisch
ausgewertet. Ergebnisse wurden mit Mitarbeitenden diskutiert und eine
Handlungsempfehlung ausgearbeitet.

Ergebnisse Mitarbeitende beschreiben eine ungenügende und nicht
systematische Berücksichtigung von Sexualität in beiden
Einrichtungen. Regelungen zu erlaubten und nicht erlaubten Verhaltensweisen sind
entweder nicht vorhanden, nicht bekannt oder verbleiben für viele der
Mitarbeitenden und Patient*innen auf impliziter Ebene.

Schlussfolgerung Die Berücksichtigung von Sexualität und
sexuellen Bedürfnissen von Patient*innen sollte nachvollziehbar
und transparent gestaltet werden. Eine beigefügte Handlungsempfehlung
zum Umgang mit Sexualität kann Einrichtungen dabei unterstützen,
Sexualität im Maßregelvollzug stärker zu
berücksichtigen.