bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuropsychological profile of obsessive -compulsive disorder: findings from structural equation modeling
Authors: Zolfaghari Hamid , Bigdeli Imanoallh , Mashhadi Ali , Ghanaeei Ali
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Obsessive compulsive disorder has a wide prevalence in human society. Based on this, it is very important to know the cognitive, behavioral and neurological backgrounds of these patients and the effective methods of therapeutic interventions to improve their conditions. The aim of the current research was to compare the cognitive, emotional and neurological profiles of people with obsessive-compulsive symptoms with normal people. Method: The present study was a correlational descriptive study. The statistical population consisted of all people with symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder in the second half of 1400 in Mashhad, who entered the research through an invitation. After conducting the screening interview and checking the criteria for entering the research, 80 people were selected as the research sample. The research tools included Stroop color word test, Wisconsin cards, anxiety sensitivity, ambiguous scenarios, Googlen behavioral disorders questionnaire, Yale Brown obsessive compulsive disorder questionnaire and uncertainty intolerance scale. In order to analyze the data, partial least squares (PLS) approach was used due to the exploratory nature of the model, small sample size and non-normal distribution of variables. Analyzes were performed with SPSS.25 and SmartPLS.3.3.2 software. Results: The results showed that the trajectory of predicting obsessive-compulsive symptoms by five indicators was significant in all dimensions. Based on this, it was found that from the cognitive indicators, congruent reactions (P < 0.01), incongruent reactions (P < 0.01) and ambiguous scenarios (P < 0.01), among the neurological indicators (P < 0.01) P < 0.01) and completion of classes (P < 0.01), among the emotional indices of anxiety sensitivity (P < 0.01) and intolerance of uncertainty (P < 0.01) and among the behavioral indices of behavioral tendencies Consistency (P<0.01) and impulsive behavior tendencies (P<0.01) were significant predictors for OCD symptoms. Conclusion: These results indicate that in explaining the psychological profile of obsessive-compulsive sufferers, the need to pay attention to cognitive, behavioral, emotional and neurological indicators has an important place. Also, based on these findings, it was found that emotional indicators have the highest level of predictability and behavioral indicators have the lowest level of predictability among the investigated indicators.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Wells' Meta-cognition Training with Kabat-Zinn's Mindfulness Training on Academic Procrastination of Students with Math Anxiety
Authors: Mohammad Salehi Sepideh , Yousefi Naser , Moradi Omid
Published: February 2024

Background and Aim: Math anxiety is a widespread problem for all ages worldwide; In international assessments and based on studies of international planning of students, most teenagers have reported anxiety and tension in math classes and when doing math exercises; Therefore, the present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of Wales' metacognition training with Kabat Zain's mindfulness training on academic procrastination of students with math anxiety. Methods: In this research, a quasi-experimental research method of pre-test and post-test design was used with two experimental groups and one control group; The statistical population of this research includes all female students in the second year of high school in the 6th district of Tehran in the academic year 2021-2022. 45 people who met the criteria for entering the research were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and were randomly and equally divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The first experimental group underwent Wales metacognition training in 8 sessions of 60 minutes, and the second experimental group underwent mindfulness training in 8 sessions of 120 minutes, and the control group remained waiting without any intervention during this time. The research tools include Pleck and Parker's math anxiety questionnaire (1982) and Solman and Rothbloom's academic procrastination scale (1984). The data analysis of this research was done in two parts: descriptive (central and dispersion indices, skewness and kurtosis) and inferential (MANCOVA) using SPSS-23 software. Results: The results showed that both Wales metacognition training and Kabat-Zinn mindfulness training are effective on the academic procrastination of students with math anxiety. Also, the results indicated that these two treatments are effective on the academic procrastination of students with math anxiety. Conclusion: The results showed that the effectiveness of Kabat-Zinn mindfulness therapy on academic procrastination and its subscales is more than that of Wales' metacognitive therapy.
Clinical Observations on permanent findings in the pulmonary parenchyma after the illness of COVID-19 or/and after the vaccination SARS-COV-2 during the period 2021-2023
Authors: Masourou Elisavet Adamandia ,   Internal Medicine Doctor
Published: February 2024

Permanent atelectasis of the lower respiratory system was observed on patients after COVID-19 illness, regardless of whether they were SARS-COV-2 vaccinated or not. The same findings were observed on patients who were SARS-COV-2 vaccinated regardless of whether they got ill of COVID-19 or not. These observations allow thoughts about a common cause in all cases. This paper highlights the fact, explains the similarity of the findings and sets the questions: Which is their cause? How can it be rectified?
POLYPOGON MONSPELIENSIS FROM OLTENIA, ROMANIA
Authors:   University of Craiova, Faculty of Horticulture, RĂDUŢOIU Daniel ,   University of Craiova, Faculty of Agronomy
Published: February 2024

Characterised by numerous microclimates that are present from the plain area and up to the alpine region, the territory of Oltenia previously offered and still manages to offer surprises from a floristic point of view, as well as from other perspectives. The recent climate changes have altered the typical habitats of some plants, resulting in their discovery in areas where, according to the data in the specialized literature, were not previously known to exist. Among the many species of Poaceae that are present in the spontaneous flora of Oltenia, there are certain species of sozological and phytogeographical interest. This is also the case with the species presented in the current paper, i.e. Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. is an Atlantic-Mediterranean coastal species, found especially on the western and southern European coastal sands. It is native to northern Africa, southern and western Europe, western and northern Asia, Japan and the Indian subcontinent (India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka). The species has been widely naturalized in southern and eastern Australia, in South Africa, New Zealand, Canada, the USA, Central and South America, as well as in Hawaii. In Romania, it is known from the south-eastern part of the country: Tulcea and Constanța counties. In Poiana Brașov and Vaideeni (Vâlcea County), the species is mentioned as an adventive plant. The present paper contributes with information regarding the chorology and ecology of this species.
ALIEN FLORA FROM BUZĂU COUNTY – ROMANIA
Authors:   University of Bucharest, Botanic Garden “D. Brandza”, CAMEN-COMĂNESCU Petronela , MIHAI Daniela Clara ,   University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, RAICU Maria ,   University of Bucharest, Botanic Garden “D. Brandza”, București, România,   University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Bucharest, SÎRBU Culiță ,   University of Life Sciences “Ion Ionescu de la Brad”, Iaşi, Romania, OPREA Adrian ,   University "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" of Iaşi, Botanical Garden "Anastasie Fătu", ANASTASIU Paulina ,   University of Bucharest, Botanic Garden “D. Brandza”, București, România,   University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology
Published: February 2024

In this paper, we provided the first checklist of alien flora of Buzău County (Romania). Our study revealed the positive invasion trend during recent years. 110 alien taxa were recorded, who belong to 36 families of vascular plants, 52 of them being invasive. The Americas, Asia and the Mediterranean area are the main regions of origin of the taxa of the inventory. Three species are of European Union concern: Ailanthus altissima, Asclepias syriaca and Elodea nuttallii. The most alien plant species were recorded for Buzău and Râmnicu-Sărat cities.
Program pembelajaran bagi siswa dengan ADHD di SDN Rejowinangun Yogyakarta
Authors: Novami Fera , Prakoso Bima
Published: February 2024

This study aims to obtain an overview of the learning program for students with ADHD  at Rejowinangun Elementary School in the 2020/2021 academic year. This descriptive qualitative research had subjects consisted of a class teacher and a student who had been diagnosed with ADHD. Data was collected through interviews and observation. The data validity was conducted by increasing persistence, triangulation, and using reference materials. Data analysis techniques was carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study illustrate that it needs to carry out further studies regarding efforts to overcome various problems of teacher capacity in designing appropriate learning for students in inclusive schools, dealing with behavioral problems, and establishing cooperation with parents/guardians as a support system for children's success. Further research is still needed with more subjects and locations by other researchers in order to get a more in-depth study of learning practices for students with ADHD in inclusive schools.
Cellulolytic activity of cellulose-decomposing fungi isolated from Aswan hot desert soil, Egypt
Authors: Ahmed Mohamed , El-Zayat Soad , El-Sayed Magdi
Published: February 2024

Fungi are well known agents for decomposition of organic matter in common and of cellulosic material, in particular; therefore they considered as the main cellulose producing microorganisms. The present study was aimed to isolate and screen the ability of cellulolytic fungal strains from desert soil living under environmental stress to produce cellulolytic enzymes. Forty-three fungal strains in addition to two varieties were isolated from different sites at Aswan University campus and were able to degrade the cellulose with variable extents. Fungal species were grouped as high, moderate and low cellulolytic activity. The cellulase activity was assayed by carboxymethyl-cellulose "CMase" assay (endoglucanases).The highest cellulase producing isolates were Fusarium dimerum and Rhizopus oryzae. The optimum parameters for high activity of cellulase enzyme are pH 5, 35C at 9th, 11 thdays for Fusarium dimerum and Rhizopus oryzae, respectively.
Diversity record of family mugilidae (cuvier, 1829) from the estuary of Sabarmati river, Gujarat, India
Authors: Bhatt Dhaval , Mankodi Pradeep
Published: February 2024

Mullets are the fishes of family Mugilidae belong to order Actinopterygii, which lives in coastal and marine habitats. These fishes are also found in coastal lagoons, rivers, and estuaries. Mullets occupy a comparatively low position in the food web and are thus relatively efficient secondary producers of protein. They are situated at the base of the food pyramid due to their nature of consumption on particulate organic matter, detritus, and benthic microalgae. They are able to make high-quality fish protein available to top predators. Mullets are highly consumable fish in coastal regions of Gujarat. The taxonomy and systematics of the mullet requires much attention due to its ecological and commercial importance. Mullets have two widely separated dorsal fins, which is the prominent morphological identification character. They are medium to large-sized fishes, with the sub-cylindrical body; head often broad and flattened dorsally. Present study revealed vital information on the taxonomy and diversity of the mullets from Sabarmati estuary, Gujarat. The identification of fresh specimens was carried out and three species were identified as Mugil cephalus, Chelon planiceps, and Rhinomugil corsula. This paper also records the range extension of R. corsula from the western coast of India. The paper emphasizes the importance of further research in family Mugilidae for a better understanding of its distribution, ecology, and physiology for aquaculture point of view as species of this family are highly consumable due to its nutritive values.
LA BALADODIFFUSION ET L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR EN TRAVAIL SOCIAL : UNE COLLABORATION INTERUNIVERSITAIRE POUR SOUTENIR LA FORMATION PRATIQUE
Authors: Raffestin Isabelle , Élias Berna , Dulude Fannie , Bogossian Aline , Hordyk Shawn-Renée
Published: February 2024

Devant l’urgence d’adapter et d’innover la pédagogie – en réponse à la nouvelle réalité de l’apprentissage à distance imposée à toutes les instances éducatives pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 –, les autrices de cet article, regroupant des professeures, chargées de cours, étudiantes et praticiennes affiliées à deux écoles de travail social, se sont réunies pour collaborer au développement d’une série d’épisodes sur des récits de pratique sous forme de baladodiffusion pour soutenir la formation pratique. Cette série, conçue pour faire le lien entre la théorie et la pratique dans l’intervention en travail social, soutient également les cours de formation sur le terrain en présentant divers environnements de travail social. Le but de cet article est de partager notre parcours d’apprentissage lors de la création de cette série destinée à être intégrée dans l’enseignement des futures travailleuses sociales et futurs travailleurs sociaux. Nous y abordons l’émergence et le développement de ce projet, ainsi que les défis et éléments facilitateurs que nous avons rencontrés. Les présentes réflexions sont appelées à nourrir la prise de décisions d’autres personnes oeuvrant en enseignement supérieur et qui souhaitent élaborer un tel outil.
HOW MUCH DO CANADIAN SOCIAL WORKERS KNOW ABOUT PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME AND PREMENSTRUAL
DYSPHORIC DISORDER, AND DOES THIS AFFECT THEIR ASSESSMENT OF MOTHERS?
Authors: Barry Lynn , Tutty Leslie
Published: February 2024

PMS and PMDD symptoms interfere in some women’s daily coping abilities, including
their mothering. Social workers assess mothering ability but may not understand the negative
effects of PMS/PMDD. This study examines social workers’ knowledge about PMS/PMDD and
whether this influences their assessments with mothers, surveying 521 Canadian social
workers. The Premenstrual Experience Knowledge Questionnaire (PEKQ) assesses the
biopsychosocial aspects of premenstrual knowledge. Social workers scored an average of
60.5%. They were least knowledgeable about SSRI treatments, suicide rates, and symptoms.
Higher scores were associated with having one’s own premenstrual symptoms and PMS symptoms
that interfered more in one’s life. Only 5.1% of social workers addressed PMS/PMDD in their
mothering assessments, with significant relationships between PMS/PMDD inquiry and worker
age, knowledge scores, training, and personal premenstrual symptoms. These results can
educate social workers, raising awareness of the possible negative impacts of PMS/PMDD on
mothering, which could lead to changing their assessment practices and identifying these
treatable conditions. This awareness-raising is especially critical when PMDD/PMS affects
mothering to the degree that children’s safety might be compromised.
LE MODÈLE PEVC : RENOUVELER LES PRATIQUES EN PROTECTION DE LA JEUNESSE AFIN D’ASSURER LA SÉCURITÉ DES ENFANTS VIVANT DANS UN CONTEXTE DE VIOLENCE CONJUGALE
Authors: Côté Isabelle , Lapierre Simon , Vincent Alexandra , Maurice Marie-Noëlle
Published: February 2024

S’appuyant sur une recension des écrits et sur l’expérience d’une équipe de recherche, cet article souhaite porter un regard à la fois critique et renouvelé sur l’évaluation des situations de violence conjugale et l’intervention auprès des familles dans les services de protection de l’enfance et de la jeunesse. Pour ce faire, il mettra d’abord en évidence les principaux défis et problèmes dans les pratiques d’intervention auprès de ces familles, à partir de recherches canadiennes et internationales sur le sujet. Par la suite, l’article contextualisera l’émergence du modèle « Protection des enfants en contexte de violence conjugale » (PEVC), un modèle novateur qui vise le renouvellement des pratiques dans le champ de la protection de la jeunesse. Enfin, il se penchera sur les quatre principes d’intervention du modèle et mettra en lumière en quoi ces principes proposent un important changement de paradigme dans l’intervention auprès des enfants et des familles en situation de violence conjugale.
#BeatThePot: Strategies and Discourses of Women’s Protests in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chipuriro Rejoice
Published: February 2024

This paper focuses on strategies deployed by women and discourses of women’s collective action in the #BeatThePot strike which took place alongside popular protests against Mugabe and the failures of ZANU-PF led government in Zimbabwe. Using Judith Butler’s ideas on “bodies in alliance and the politics of the street,” I theorize how women as gendered “bodies congregate, move, speak and strike together as they claim public space into political spaces” (2015, 70). I interrogate women’s use of embodiment as a strategy involving the metaphor of both the “labouring mothering body” and as “bodies that strike,” which demonstrates how women in Zimbabwe confronted violent political, economic, and socio-cultural limits imposed on their bodies. In this strike, women challenged the silencing of women’s public political work and refused to be relegated to the invisible margins of domesticized and undervalued reproductive labour. Thus, through the #BeatThePot protest, I demonstrate how women in Zimbabwe have engaged in body work to a confront violent regime and how they have borne on their bodies violent reprisal through sexual attacks, abductions, incarcerations, torture, and even loss of life. The paper concludes that the feminized body is a site of violent struggle for autonomy and that through collective action women in Zimbabwe have sought to confront and transform the repressive state.
Odzyskać Noc: Revisiting the 1990-2000s Anarcho-feminist Protests in Poland as a Strike against Gender-based Violence
Authors: Dynda Barbara
Published: February 2024

The article analyzes the Polish anarcho-feminist idea of protest against gender-based violence during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Examining the oral history interviews with activists and grassroots cultural productions dating from the period of political transformation, such as zines, leaflets, and graphic images, the article focuses on various strategies and concepts of a feminist strike. These different historical sources emphasize multiple inspirations for the protest strategies employed by the analyzed collectives, including the tradition of women’s strikes during the socialist era, youth demonstrations of the 1960s, and Anglo-American feminism. They also enable revisiting the emotional dynamics and meanings of violence that emerged from the anarcho-feminist archival materials and memories of individual activists.
Unveiling a Feminist Strike: The Case of “Woman, Life, Freedom” in Iran
Authors: Assa Shirin
Published: February 2024

In the wake of the death of Jina (Mahsa) Amini, a powerful image emerged: women in Iran defiantly casting aside their hijabs and rallying under the slogan of “Woman, Life, Freedom.” This paper explores and reflects upon what I call following Verónica Gago, a feminist strike in Iran that organizes disorderly and cross-sectoral withdrawals of women from structures that exploit and assault them and restores their bargaining power and agency. Through the analytical perspective of intersectionality, this paper inquires into how the political underpinnings of the gendered apparatus in the Islamic regime of Iran have propelled the imagination of a common body among the diverse array of women. Further, it scrutinizes how the #WomanLifeFreedom uprising unveils a feminist strike and what it entails. This paper aims to show how the feminist strike in Iran expands the notion of strike as a tool against the conditions of work and showcases its all-encompassing basis against living conditions and restrictions on freedom.
Feminist Strike: Liberia
Authors: Scully Pamela
Published: February 2024

This paper examines the notion of feminist strike in reference to women peacemakers in Liberia. It argues that women's actions to bring an end to the war both instantiates normative notions of the feminist strike and expands them. Drawing on literature which points to a long history of Liberian women organizing as women with special roles and responsibilities in society, the paper invites us to adopt a broad understanding of the feminist strike. It also suggests that women's mobilization around the concept of a sex strike to force the end of war in the early 2000s, was a powerful and savvy move which criticised sexual violence in wartime, leveraged international attention, and also highlighted, if implicitly, the issue of sexual rights in marriage.
The Shaheen Bagh Strike: Muslim Women and Political Protest in Contemporary India
Authors: Biswas Moumita
Published: February 2024

The Shaheen Bagh protest in New Delhi highlighted the changing dynamics of Muslim women’s participation in socio-political movements in India. This paper argues how Muslim women proved themselves to be concerned citizens while protesting against the Citizenship Amendment Act (2019) and other forms of social discrimination. The paper analyses the Shaheen Bagh protest from an intersectional perspective to understand how Muslim women voiced their political opinions negotiating with gender and religion-based discrimination; they had to fight the multiple forms of patriarchy of Indian society while protesting against hypermasculine Hindutva politics. The Shaheen Bagh protest can be called a feminist strike of Third World women for the rights of their religious community in a particular socio-political context.
Teorinės vertimo paradigmos raida ir dabartis
Authors: Leonavičienė Aurelija
Published: February 2024

Vadovėlyje, skirtame Lietuvos universitetų vertimo studijų, filologijos, kultūrų studijų bakalauro ir magistrantūros studijų studentams bei vertėjams, pristatomos vertimo teorijos nuo jų atsiradimo iki šių dienų. Jos sudaro teorinę vertimo paradigmą, kurios posūkius ir vingius lemia visuomenės gyvenimo ir technologijų pokyčiai, istorinės, politinės, kultūrinės ir kalbinės sąlygos, filosofinės nuostatos, praktinės vertimo patirtys ir kt. Atsižvelgus į sparčią vertimo mokslo ir metodologijos raidą, vadovėlyje siekiama aptarti kuo įvairesnes vertimo teorijas, atskleisti deskriptyvinių vertimo teorijų ginčą su preskriptyvinėmis, literatūrinio požiūrio į vertimą šalininkų prieštaravimą lingvistinei vertimo sampratai, hermeneutinio požiūrio atstovų nusistatymą prieš lingvistinį vertimą, naujų vertimo teorijų nepasitenkinimą tradicinėms vertimo teorijoms, Lietuvos teorinės vertimo minties raidą ir kt. Vadovėlyje nagrinėjami vertimo teorijų privalumai ir trūkumai, atskleidžiamas vertimo teorijų dialogas, kiekybiniai ir kokybiniai teorinės vertimo paradigmos pokyčiai. Siekiant atskleisti vertimo teorijos ir praktikos vienovę, skyriuose analizuojama nemažai praktinių vertimo pavyzdžių. Vadovėlio skyrių pabaigoje pateikiami savitikros klausimai ir praktinės užduotys, kuriomis skatinama kritiškai vertinti vertimo teorijas, diskutuoti, ką nauja kiekviena jų įnešė į teorinę vertimo paradigmą, aptarti vertimo reiškinius ir praktines teorijų taikymo galimybes.
Comportamientos disruptivos en eventos pospandemia: ¿nueva tendencia social?
Authors: Moreno Clemente Carlos
Published: February 2024

La gestión de las multitudes se ha vuelto más especializada, con un énfasis en el control del número de asistentes, la regulación de entradas y la consideración del distanciamiento social para garantizar la satisfacción. No obstante, existen inquietudes persistentes acerca de cómo algunas vivencias de la pandemia continúan influyendo en la psicología de los participantes, y cómo elementos como las redes sociales, el incremento del coste para acceder a eventos o el consumo de alcohol y otras drogas pueden poner en peligro el desarrollo adecuado de un acontecimiento.
Substrate evaporation drives collective construction in termites
Authors: Facchini G. , Rathery A. , Douady S. , Sillam-Dussès D. , Perna A.
Published: February 2024

Termites build complex nests which are an impressive example of self-organization. We know that the coordinated actions involved in the construction of these nests by multiple individuals are primarily mediated by signals and cues embedded in the structure of the nest itself. However, to date there is still no scientific consensus about the nature of the stimuli that guide termite construction, and how they are sensed by termites. In order to address these questions, we studied the early building behavior of
Coptotermes gestroi
termites in artificial arenas, decorated with topographic cues to stimulate construction. Pellet collections were evenly distributed across the experimental setup, compatible with a collection mechanism that is not affected by local topography, but only by the distribution of termite occupancy (termites pick pellets at the positions where they are). Conversely, pellet depositions were concentrated at locations of high surface curvature and at the boundaries between different types of substrate. The single feature shared by all pellet deposition regions was that they correspond to local maxima in the evaporation flux. We can show analytically and we confirm experimentally that evaporation flux is directly proportional to the local curvature of nest surfaces. Taken together, our results indicate that surface curvature is sufficient to organize termite building activity, and that termites likely sense curvature indirectly through substrate evaporation. Our findings reconcile the apparently discordant results of previous studies.
Interplay between charge distribution and DNA in shaping HP1 paralog phase separation and localization
Authors: Phan Tien M. , Kim Young C. , Debelouchina Galia T. , Mittal Jeetain
Published: February 2024

The heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) family is a crucial component of heterochromatin with diverse functions in gene regulation, cell cycle control, and cell differentiation. In humans, there are three paralogs, HP1α, HP1β, and HP1γ, which exhibit remarkable similarities in their domain architecture and sequence properties. Nevertheless, these paralogs display distinct behaviors in liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), a process linked to heterochromatin formation. Here, we employ a coarse-grained simulation framework to uncover the sequence features responsible for the observed differences in LLPS. We highlight the significance of the net charge and charge patterning along the sequence in governing paralog LLPS propensities. We also show that both highly conserved folded and less-conserved disordered domains contribute to the observed differences. Furthermore, we explore the potential co-localization of different HP1 paralogs in multicomponent assemblies and the impact of DNA on this process. Importantly, our study reveals that DNA can significantly reshape the stability of a minimal condensate formed by HP1 paralogs due to competitive interactions of HP1α with HP1β and HP1γ versus DNA. In conclusion, our work highlights the physicochemical nature of interactions that govern the distinct phase-separation behaviors of HP1 paralogs and provides a molecular framework for understanding their role in chromatin organization.
OpenNucleome for high resolution nuclear structural and dynamical modeling
Authors: Lao Zhuohan , Kamat Kartik , Jiang Zhongling , Zhang Bin
Published: February 2024

The intricate structural organization of the human nucleus is fundamental to cellular function and gene regulation. Recent advancements in experimental techniques, including high-throughput sequencing and microscopy, have provided valuable insights into nuclear organization. Computational modeling has played significant roles in interpreting experimental observations by reconstructing high-resolution structural ensembles and uncovering organization principles. However, the absence of standardized modeling tools poses challenges for furthering nuclear investigations. We present OpenNucleome—an open-source software designed for conducting GPU-accelerated molecular dynamics simulations of the human nucleus. OpenNucleome offers particle- based representations of chromosomes at a resolution of 100 KB, encompassing nuclear lamina, nucleoli, and speckles. This software furnishes highly accurate structural models of nuclear architecture, affording the means for dynamic simulations of condensate formation, fusion, and exploration of non-equilibrium effects. We applied OpenNucleome to uncover the mechanisms driving the emergence of “fixed points” within the nucleus—signifying genomic loci robustly anchored in proximity to specific nuclear bodies for functional purposes. This anchoring remains resilient even amidst significant fluctuations in chromosome radial positions and nuclear shapes within individual cells. Our findings lend support to a nuclear zoning model that elucidates genome functionality. We anticipate OpenNucleome to serve as a valuable tool for nuclear investigations, streamlining mechanistic explorations and enhancing the interpretation of experimental observations.
Targeted protein degradation systems to enhance Wnt signaling
Authors: Sampathkumar Parthasarathy , Jung Heekyung , Chen Hui , Zhang Zhengjian , Suen Nicholas , Yang Yiran , Huang Zhong , Lopez Tom , Benisch Robert , Lee Sung-Jin , Ye Jay , Yeh Wen-Chen , Li Yang
Published: February 2024

Molecules that facilitate targeted protein degradation (TPD) offer great promise as novel therapeutics. Human hepatic lectin, asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGR) is selectively expressed on hepatocytes. We have previously engineered an anti-ASGR1 antibody-mutant RSPO2 (RSPO2RA) fusion protein (called SWEETS
TM
) to drive tissue-specific degradation of ZNRF3/RNF43 E3-ubiquitin ligases, leading to hepatocyte specific enhanced Wnt signaling, proliferation, and restored liver function in mouse models. Such an antibody-RSPO2RA fusion molecule is currently in human clinical trials. In the current study, we identified two new ASGR1 and ASGR1/2 specific antibodies, 8M24 and 8G8. High-resolution crystal structures of ASGR1:8M24 and ASGR2:8G8 complexes revealed that these antibodies bind to distinct epitopes on the opposite sides of ASGR, away from the substrate binding site. Both antibodies enhanced Wnt-activity when assembled as SWEETS molecules with RSPO2RA through specific effects sequestering E3 ligases. In addition, 8M24-RSPO2RA and 8G8-RSPO2RA efficiently downregulated ASGR1 through TPD mechanisms. These results demonstrate the possibility of combining different therapeutic effects and different degradation mechanisms in a single molecule.
Driver lines for studying associative learning in Drosophila
Authors: Shuai Yichun , Sammons Megan , Sterne Gabriella , Hibbard Karen , Yang He , Yang Ching-Po , Managan Claire , Siwanowicz Igor , Lee Tzumin , Rubin Gerald M. , Turner Glenn , Aso Yoshinori
Published: February 2024

The mushroom body (MB) is the center for associative learning in insects. In Drosophila, intersectional split-GAL4 drivers and electron microscopy (EM) connectomes have laid the foundation for precise interrogation of the MB neural circuits. However, investigation of many cell types upstream and downstream of the MB has been hindered due to lack of specific driver lines. Here we describe a new collection of over 800 split-GAL4 and split-LexA drivers that cover approximately 300 cell types, including sugar sensory neurons, putative nociceptive ascending neurons, olfactory and thermo-/hygro-sensory projection neurons, interneurons connected with the MB-extrinsic neurons, and various other cell types. We characterized activation phenotypes for a subset of these lines and identified the sugar sensory neuron line most suitable for reward substitution. Leveraging the thousands of confocal microscopy images associated with the collection, we analyzed neuronal morphological stereotypy and discovered that one set of mushroom body output neurons, MBON08/MBON09, exhibits striking individuality and asymmetry across animals. In conjunction with the EM connectome maps, the driver lines reported here offer a powerful resource for functional dissection of neural circuits for associative learning in adult Drosophila.
Speech and music recruit frequency-specific distributed and overlapping cortical networks
Authors: te Rietmolen Noémie , Mercier Manuel , Trébuchon Agnès , Morillon Benjamin , Schön Daniele
Published: February 2024

To what extent does speech and music processing rely on domain-specific and domain-general neural networks? Using whole-brain intracranial EEG recordings in 18 epilepsy patients listening to natural, continuous speech or music, we investigated the presence of frequency-specific and network-level brain activity. We combined it with a statistical approach in which a clear distinction is made between
shared
,
preferred,
and domain-
selective
neural responses. We show that the majority of focal and network-level neural activity is shared between speech and music processing. Our data also reveal an absence of anatomical regional selectivity. Instead, domain-selective neural responses are restricted to distributed and frequency-specific coherent oscillations, typical of spectral fingerprints. Our work highlights the importance of considering natural stimuli and brain dynamics in their full complexity to map cognitive and brain functions.
Applications, challenges, and solutions of unmanned aerial vehicles in smart city using blockchain
Authors: Faisal Abbas Shah Syed , Mazhar Tehseen , Shloul Tamara Al , Shahzad Tariq , Hu Yu-Chen , Mallek Fatma , Hamam Habib
Published: February 2024

Real-time data gathering, analysis, and reaction are made possible by this information and communication technology system. Data storage is also made possible by it. This is a good move since it enhances the administration and operation services essential to any city’s efficient operation. The idea behind “smart cities” is that information and communication technology (ICTs) need to be included in a city’s routine activities in order to gather, analyze, and store enormous amounts of data in real-time. This is helpful since it makes managing and governing urban areas easier. The “drone” or “uncrewed aerial vehicle” (UAV), which can carry out activities that ordinarily call for a human driver, serves as an example of this. UAVs could be used to integrate geospatial data, manage traffic, keep an eye on objects, and help in an emergency as part of a smart urban fabric. This study looks at the benefits and drawbacks of deploying UAVs in the conception, development, and management of smart cities. This article describes the importance and advantages of deploying UAVs in designing, developing, and maintaining in smart cities. This article overviews UAV uses types, applications, and challenges. Furthermore, we presented blockchain approaches for addressing the given problems for UAVs in smart research topics and recommendations for improving the security and privacy of UAVs in smart cities. Furthermore, we presented Blockchain approaches for addressing the given problems for UAVs in smart cities. Researcher and graduate students are audience of our article.
Controller-driven vector autoregression model for predicting content popularity in programmable named data networking devices
Authors: Qaiser Firdous , Hussain Mudassar , Ahad Abdul , Pires Ivan Miguel
Published: February 2024

Named Data Networking (NDN) has emerged as a promising network architecture for content delivery in edge infrastructures, primarily due to its name-based routing and integrated in-network caching. Despite these advantages, sub-optimal performance often results from the decentralized decision-making processes of caching devices. This article introduces a paradigm shift by implementing a Software Defined Networking (SDN) controller to optimize the placement of highly popular content in NDN nodes. The optimization process considers critical networking factors, including network congestion, security, topology modification, and flowrules alterations, which are essential for shaping content caching strategies. The article presents a novel content caching framework, Popularity-aware Caching in Popular Programmable NDN nodes (PaCPn). Employing a multi-variant vector autoregression (VAR) model driven by an SDN controller, PaCPn periodically updates content popularity based on time-series data, including ‘request rates’ and ‘past popularity’. It also introduces a controller-driven heuristic algorithm that evaluates the proximity of caching points to consumers, considering factors such as ‘distance cost,’ ‘delivery time,’ and the specific ‘status of the requested content’. PaCPn utilizes customized DATA named packets to ensure the source stores content with a valid residual freshness period while preventing intermediate nodes from caching it. The experimental results demonstrate significant improvements achieved by the proposed technique PaCPn compared to existing schemes. Specifically, the technique enhances cache hit rates by 20% across various metrics, including cache size, Zipf parameter, and exchanged traffic within edge infrastructure. Moreover, it reduces content retrieval delays by 28%, considering metrics such as cache capacity, the number of consumers, and network throughput. This research advances NDN content caching and offers potential optimizations for edge infrastructures.
Covid -19 Prediction
Authors: N. Baggyalakshmi , K. Jayasri , R. Revathi
Published: February 2024

A global emergency has emerged in the form of the COVID-19 pandemic. If governments around the world are serious about lowering the impact of this worldwide epidemic, they must devote significant resources to studying this disease. This research looks into the disease's outbreak, trains datasets for the Indian region, and tests the number of cases over the following three weeks. Based on data acquired from the official portal of the Government of India throughout the crutial time period, we have utilised various machine learning algorithms, including a logistic regression model, to make predictions. When testing the models' efficacy, several regression models were used. In the three-week period of test data, the expected instances are anticipated to be approximately 175K--200K, which closely matches the actual figures. Both the government and medical professionals can use this information to inform their future plans. The goal of data science is to discover new patterns and relationships in large datasets by applying statistical and computational methods. Cleansing and preparing data, visualising data, statistical modelling, machine learning, and many other tasks are all part of it. Discovering trends and patterns in data, creating forecasts, and providing decision-making support are all possible with the use of these methods. Data types that they might encounter include both structured (like dates and numbers in a spreadsheet) and unstructured (like text, photos, or audio). Many different sectors make use of data science, including banking, medicine, retail, and many more.
Dealer Management System
Authors: N. Baggyalakshmi , G. Brindha , R. Revathi
Published: February 2024

To keep track of all the things happening in the showroom, such as customer maintenance, generating quotations, selling vehicles, tracking customer dues for instalment customers, selling vehicle service and spare parts, keeping track of customer follow-ups, entering customer feedback forms, and employee details, a "Dealer Management System" needs to be built. The Developers behind the Dealer Management System used Visual Studio 2008 (with ASP.NET 3.5), Visual Basic for Windows, and Microsoft SQL Server Express 2005. Easy showroom maintenance is possible because to the system's efficient report generation. This Dealer Management System software can store a lot of records in the database. It’s a user-friendly software which can be used for master, service, sales and report. It has an unlimited storage and application can be used in both online and offline. Reports for billing can be generated by data wise or pricewise.
Influence of microstructure on the rheological behavior of dense particle gels
Authors: Wyss Hans M. , Deliormanli Aylin M. , Tervoort Elena , Gauckler Ludwig J.
Published: December 2004

Rheological measurements are performed on highly concentrated alumina gels. By using an in situ mechanism based on enzyme‐catalyzed internal reactions, we are able to form gels of highly concentrated particles without disturbing the microstructures that develop during the gelation process. These gels are produced by two different destabilization mechanisms: Either the pH of the suspension is shifted toward the isoelectric point (ΔpH method) or the ionic strength of the suspension is increased at a constant pH (ΔI method). The two destabilization mechanisms lead to gels of significantly different microstructures. We find notable differences in the rheological behavior of the two systems, suggesting a bond‐bending mechanism for stress transmission in the case of ΔpH gels and a bond‐stretching mechanism in the case of ΔI gels. In addition, for both kinds of gels we compare the in situ properties to those obtained after altering the microstructure by shearing. Results suggest an increase in elastic and yield properties of concentrated particle gels with decreasing homogeneity of their microstructures. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51: 134–141, 2005
Toward a unified theory of isotropic molecular transport phenomena
Authors: Kerkhof Piet J. A. M. , Geboers Marcel A. M.
Published: December 2004

Accurate models for multicomponent transport are a prerequisite for the design of many industrial processes and the interpretation of experiments. Present theories, stemming from the statistical‐mechanics developments of Chapman–Enskog, Zhdanov–Kagan–Sazykin, and Bearman–Kirkwood are shown to apply only to systems with low shear. These theories are not able to describe gaseous counterdiffusion in capillaries, such as in the experiments of Remick and Geankoplis, and the salt diffusion experiment in a simple cylinder by Fick. A simple experiment shows that the irreversible thermodynamics approach by De Groot–Mazur and Hirschfelder–Curtiss–Bird provides inconsistencies. The cause for this is the common development of the theories as perturbations superposed on the mass‐averaged velocity. A new solution to the Boltzmann equation is developed for monatomic dilute gases, based on nonequilibrium trial functions, in which the velocity distributions are centered around the averaged velocities of the individual species. In the resulting momentum balance, individual shear and convected momentum terms are present. Transport coefficients for pure monatomic gases are equal to those from classic theory; for mixtures of such gases new expressions are found that give an excellent description of experimental data. Based on these results, generalized versions of the transport equations are proposed, for dense media and liquids, and limit versions are presented. Important physical parameters are the partial viscosities. The applicability to the experimental situations above is demonstrated. The present theory offers the perspective of evaluating both concentration and velocity profiles, as well as temperature gradients, for individual species in three‐dimensional space for molecular transport. Thus it provides a new basis for the modeling of multicomponent transport in a multitude of systems, such as in catalysts, adsorbents, membranes, CVD‐ and microreactors, but also for the classical problem of the circulation in Stefan tubes. In one of its limits, for long flat or cylindrical channels, it supports the earlier developed velocity profile model (VPM‐1) for transport in pores. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 51: 79–121, 2005
Discovery of Inhibitors of MCF‐7 Tumor Cell Adhesion to Endothelial Cells and Investigation on their Mode of Action
Authors: Bild Thomas , Jose Joachim , Hartmann Rolf W.
Published: December 2004

Metastasis, the main reason for high mortality of cancer, is a multistep process. One important step in this process is the adhesion of tumor cells to vascular endothelium at sites distant from primary tumors during hematogenous dissemination. In order to investigate and quantify the adhesion of tumor cells to endothelial cells we developed an in vitro model using MCF‐7 breast cancer cells and monolayers of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The tumor cells were specifically labeled with a fluorescent dye for quantification; for increasing the amount of adherent cells, HUVEC monolayers were stimulated with phorbol ester before the addition of the tumor cells. Due to previous reports that products of several P450 enzymes contribute to the progression of certain kinds of cancer, inhibitors of CYP5 (thromboxane A2 synthase), CYP17 (17α‐hydroxylase‐C17, 20‐lyase), and CYP19 (aromatase) were tested in this in vitro model for their potency to reduce cancer cell adhesion. Within each series of P450 inhibitors, compounds with high inhibitory activity on tumor cell adhesion were identified. At an initial concentration of 100 μM, BW26, a potent inhibitor of CYP5, reduced tumor cell adhesion of MCF‐7 to HUVECs to 15 %, BW40 (CYP17) to 29 %, and SU5a (CYP19) to 11 % of the corresponding controls (no inhibitor). Reduction of tumor cell adhesion was shown to occur in a concentration‐dependent manner. In addition to these inhibitors of CYP5, CYP17, and CYP19, liarozole, known to be a potent inhibitor of CYP26 (retinoic acid‐4‐hydroxylase) and ATRA (all‐trans‐retinoic acid) metabolism, was able to reduce tumor cell adhesion to 51 % of the initial rate. Experiments elucidating the mode of action of these compounds revealed that inhibition of the mentioned CYP enzymes is not responsible for their ability to reduce tumor cell adhesion.
Rates and Equilibria of the Reactions of Tertiary Phosphanes and Phosphites with Benzhydrylium Ions
Authors: Kempf Bernhard , Mayr Herbert
Published: December 2004

The kinetics of the reactions of benzhydrylium ions and quinone methides with eight tertiary phosphanes and two phosphites were investigated photometrically. The nucleophilicity parameters N and slope parameters s of these nucleophiles were derived according to the equation log k20 °C = s(N + E). Correlations of the nucleophilicity parameters N with pKHa and σp values as well as with the rate constants of reactions with other electrophiles are discussed. In some cases, equilibrium constants for the formation of phosphonium ions were measured, which allow one to determine the Marcus intrinsic barriers of ΔG0≠ = 58 kJ mol−1 for the reactions of triarylphosphanes with benzhydrylium ions. The N parameters [5.51 for P(OPh)3, 10.36 for P(OBu)3, 14.33 for PPh3, 15.49 for PBu3, 18.39 for P(4‐Me2NC6H4)3] are compared with the reactivities of other classes of nucleophiles (see, www.cup. uni‐muenchen.de/oc/mayr).