bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A panoply of Schwinger-Keldysh transport
Authors: Jensen Kristan , Marjieh Raja , Pinzani-Fokeeva Natalia , Yarom Amos
Published: November 2018

We classify all possible allowed constitutive relations of
relativistic fluids in a statistical mechanical limit using the
Schwinger-Keldysh effective action for hydrodynamics. We find that
microscopic unitarity enforces genuinely new constraints on the allowed
transport coefficients that are invisible in the classical hydrodynamic
description; they are not implied by the second law or the Onsager
relations. We term these conditions Schwinger-Keldysh positivity and
provide explicit examples of the various allowed terms.
İMAR BARIŞI DÜZENLEMESİNE HUKUKİ BİR YAKLAŞIM
Authors: ÖZKAYA ÖZLÜER İlgın
Published: November 2018

7143 Sayılı Vergi ve Diğer Bazı Alacakların Yeniden
Yapılandırılması ile Bazı Kanunlarda Değişiklik Yapılmasına İlişkin Kanun
18/05/2018 tarihinde Resmi Gazete'de yayımlanarak, kamuoyunda "İmar
Barışı" olarak adlandırılan süreç uygulanmaya başlanmıştır. 3194 sayılı İmar
Kanunu'na eklenen Geçici 16. maddeyle, imar düzenine aykırı yapıların
"Yapı Kayıt Belgesi" ile kayıt altına alınması amaçlanmaktadır. Yapı
Kayıt Belgesi, kentsel dönüşüm uygulamalarının finansal kaynağını yaratmak
üzere, imar düzenine aykırı yapıları kayıt altına alırken yapı sahiplerine de
kentsel dönüşüm uygulamasına kadar yapıyı kullanma hakkı vermektedir. Bu
yönüyle Geçici 16. madde, idarenin afet riskine karşı alacağı tedbirler için
yetersiz; fakat imara aykırı yapıların tespitini sağlaması açısından
yerindedir.

Çalışmamız
kapsamında Yapı Kayıt Belgesinin mülkiyet hakkı ile ilişkisi kurularak,
maddenin bir imar affı olup olmadığı; imar düzenimiz içinde ortaya çıkan benzer
uygulamalarla farklılıkları; kamu malları rejimi bağlamında kapsamı incelenmiştir.
Afet risklerine karşı tedbir alma yükümlülüğü idarenin asli görevlerinden
olduğundan, söz konusu düzenlemeyle depremle yıkılan yapılar nedeniyle idarenin
sorumluluğunun, yapı sahibine devredilemeyeceği de ortaya konulmuştur.
Justification of the list of indicators financial stability of the banking system
Authors: Pohorelenko Nataliia
Published: November 2018

The generalization of scientific approaches to the assessment of the financial stability of the banking system has demonstrated the multivariance of views on structuring and listing of financial stability indicators and has made it possible to distinguish three main ones: on the basis of macroeconomic and macro financial indicators; on the basis of separate indicators; based on synthetic indicators. It is proved that the latter is most effective since the large number and variability of financial ratios used by different authors to assess the level of financial stability of banking systems does not allow for unambiguous results. A hierarchic structure of indicators of the stability of the banking system is proposed, which is characterized by the simultaneous existence of a certain number, not ordered in a heterarchic manner. In accordance with it, the integral index of financial stability of the banking system includes subindices: stability of the NBU, stability of system banks, banks with foreign capital, banks with private capital, financial vulnerability of the banking system. The expediency of accounting for the indicators of financial risk assessment: credit, liquidity risk, interest rate, investment risk, unstable resource base risk, which are characterized by such financial ratios as part of provisions for depreciation of loans in the loan portfolio, is justified in the composition of such a synthetic indicator of the financial stability of the banking system; the norm of instant liquidity; net interest margin; part of the provision for depreciation of securities in the securities portfolio; coefficient of instability of the resource base. Also, indicators for assessing the stability of the central bank were proposed: indicators of the adequacy of reserves; indicators of the effectiveness of monetary policy; indicators of the effectiveness of foreign exchange regulation; indicators of compliance of banking supervision with the main principles of efficiency. This approach will allow taking into account all the structural components of the banking system in the process of assessing financial stability, on the one hand, and in time to identify potential threats to the loss of stability, on the other.
Effects of financial statements information on firms’ value: evidence from Vietnamese listed firms
Authors: Ngoc Hung Dang , Duc Cuong Pham , Thi Bich Ha Vu
Published: November 2018

The paper studies the effects of information reporting in financial statements on values of Vietnamese firms. The study uses panel data with 1,070 observations from 214 firms, which are listed in the stock market of Vietnam in the period from 2012 to 2016. Multiple regression results show that the growth, firm size, profitability, auditing quality and timelineness are positively related to firm values, whereas the capital structure, auditing explanation negatively affect that indicator. The paper also indicates the inconsistency in measuring firms’ value by different measures including EV, Tobin’s Q or share price. Moreover, the research results reflect that measuring firms’ value by EV is more appropriate. The results of empirical research are instructive for enterprises to improve the usefulness of information in financial statements, thereby enhancing enterprises’ values.
Nanotherapeutics for the Treatment of Cancer and Arthritis
Authors: Patel Pal , Meghani Nikita , Kansara Krupa , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: November 2018

Background:

Nanotechnology is gaining significant attention worldwide for the treatment of complex diseases such as AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome), cancer and rheumatoid arthritis. Nanomedicine is the application of nanotechnology used for diagnosis and treatment for the disease that includes the preservation and improvement of human health by covering an area such as drug delivery using nanocarriers, nanotheranostics and nanovaccinology. The present article provides an insight into several aspects of nanomedicine such as usages of multiple types of nanocarriers, their status, advantages and disadvantages with reference to cancer and rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods:

An extensive search was performed on the bibliographic database for research article on nanotechnology and nanomedicine along with looking deeply into the aspects of these diseases, and how all of them are co-related. We further combined all the necessary information from various published articles and briefed to provide the current status.

Results:

Nanomedicine confers a unique technology against complex diseases which includes early diagnosis, prevention, and personalized therapy. The most common nanocarriers used globally are liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, metallic nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, polymeric micelles and nanotubes among others.

Conclusion:

Nanocarriers are used to deliver drugs and biomolecules like proteins, antibody fragments, DNA fragments, and RNA fragments as the base of cancer biomarkers.
Induction of Apoptosis by Pierisin-6 in HPV Positive HeLa and HepG2 Cancer Cells is Mediated by the Caspase-3 Dependent Mitochondrial Pathway
Authors: Sarathbabu Subbarayan , Marimuthu Satheesh K. , Ghatak Souvik , Vidyalakshmi Subramanian , Gurusubramanian Guruswami , Ghosh Sankar K. , Subramanian Selvi , Zhang Wenqing , Kumar Nachimuthu S.
Published: November 2018

Background:

To explore the cytotoxic and apoptotic activity of the pierisin-6 protein in HPV HeLa and HepG2 cell lines.

Methods:

In this study, isolation, and purification of cytotoxic Prierisin-6 from the larvae of Pieris napi by affinity column chromatography techniques. Characterization of full-length mRNA of pierisin-6 gene was performed using 3’/5’ RACE PCR. The quantitative RT-PCR used to study the developmental stage-specific expression of pierisin-6 mRNA. The most effective concentration of Pierisin-6 protein was determined by measuring cell proliferation. Apoptosis was assessed using AO/Et-Br, Propidium Iodide, and Rhodamine 123 assays, whereas protein levels of caspase 3, cytochrome C were evaluated by ELISA method. Pierisin-6 induced cell cycle arrest was determined using Propidium iodide by FACS.

Results:

In this study, Pierisin-6, a novel apoptotic protein was found to have cytotoxicity against HeLa, HepG2 human cancer cell lines and L-132 human lung epithelial cell line. Among the target cells, HeLa was the most sensitive to Pierisin-6. Flow cytometry analysis confirms an increased percentage of apoptotic cells in sub G1 phase and cell cycle arrest at S phase. Alteration in the transmembrane potential of mitochondria, Cytochrome c released from the mitochondrial membrane, and caspase substrate assay demonstrated the cleavage of Ac- DEVD-pNA signifying the activation of Caspase-3. These findings suggested that Pierisin-6 significantly induce apoptosis in HeLa and HepG2 cells and is attributed mainly through a mitochondrial pathway by activation of caspases. The developmental and stage-specific expression of pierisin-6 mRNA was one thousand-fold increased from second to third instar larvae and gradually declined before pupation.

Conclusion:

Pierisin-6 represents a promising therapeutic approach for liver cancer patients.
Cryopreservation of Orchids – A Review
Authors: Kaur Saranjeet
Published: November 2018

Background: The orchids are one of the beautiful creations of nature which stand apart from any other assemblage of flowering plants. They are highly evolutionary and ecologically significant group of plants that have effectively occupied almost every habitat on the earth. Indiscriminate collections and extermination of their natural habitats have threatened many species of orchids with extinction, resulting in a severe reduction of their genetic resources in nature according to recent patents. It is necessary to adopt sound scientific protocols for the preservation of orchid species.

Method:

This cost-effective technique provides large storage time for the conservation of germplasm. Presently, efforts have been made to explore various cryopreservation techniques utilized so far and factors affecting the longevity of the propagules (in vivo and in vitro) while cryopreserving them. The sample to be cryopreserved is freeze-preserved in two ways, a) stepwise at two different subzero temperatures and b) in the rapid method, the samples are placed directly in the liquid nitrogen.  Results: The orchid seeds and pollen are the most suitable propagules for cryopreservation of orchids due to their minute size and less space requirement.

Conclusion:

Among the tissues (such as seeds, pollen, protocorms etc.) seeds are the most reliable. The present article reviews the cryopreservation techniques and factors effecting the cryopreservation, for in vitro conservation of orchid gene pool.
Diffuse Appearance of Red Bone Marrow on MRI Mimics Cancer Metastasis and Might be Associated with Heavy Smoking
Authors: Sakamoto Akio , Otsuki Bungo , Okamoto Takeshi , Goto Takayuki , Yoshimura Tetsuro , Matsuda Shuichi
Published: November 2018

Background:

Red bone marrow develops early in life and converts into yellow bone marrow with aging. Reconversion occurs when yellow bone marrow reconverts into red bone marrow due to increased oxygen demands.

Objective:

Diffuse appearance of red bone marrow on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is rarely encountered.

Materials and Methods:

Seven patients, five male and two female, with the diffuse appearance of red bone marrow were evaluated. The average age was 71.4 (47-86) years old. All patients had been referred based on a working diagnosis of cancer metastasis. All patients were eventually rediagnosed with bone marrow reconversion.

Results:

Spinal MRI was evaluated in all patients, including the whole spine in four patients and lumbar spine in three patients. Six patients had slight anemia or close to the lower limit of normal hemoglobin (within 1mg/dl). Six patients were heavy smokers, having more than 20 cigarettes per day. Four patients had a history of stomach or bladder cancer (2 cases each). MRI revealed red bone marrow with a diffuse appearance and low signal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images. Compared with the spinal cord/conus, the red bone marrow appeared isointense in about half of the cases, and in the other cases, the intensities were either slightly high or low. The signal of yellow bone marrow was isointense with the retroperitoneal fat.

Conclusion:

Diffuse red marrow can be difficult to differentiate from cancer metastasis. Compared to the MRI, signal intensity of the cord/conus is useful in the diagnosis of red marrow. Slight anemia may also be present. Heavy smoking might be related to the appearance of diffuse red marrow.
Growth factors, medicine and synthetic peptides
Authors: Matsumoto Kunio
Published: November 2018

Biological pathways often have an important role in more than one process. Equally, processes that are essential for normal physiology are hijacked by diseases such as cancer. The same pathways that assist tumour growth, survival and spreading can be critically important for the recovery
from injuries or other diseases. This means there are often two sides to consider in the research of these pathways. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a protein that has intrinsically a key role in pathways responsible for dynamic movement, reconstruction and survival of cells for tissue regeneration.
In tumour tissues, however, these actions of HGF participate in tumour spreading, metastasis and resistance against anticancer drugs. At the forefront of Matsumoto's research is the potential targeting of HGF and its receptor MET in regeneration and cancer, leading to drug discovery.
He started bioventure to facilitate his research to clinical application. Clinical trials of HGF protein for treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/ALS and spinal cord injury are ongoing. He recently discovered artificial HGF composed of synthetic peptides. The artificial HGF can be the
next generation biological drug by chemical synthesis. Peptides targeting HGF-MET pathway will be invaluable in the drug discovery for diagnosis and therapeutics of cancer.
A study of the adaptive gesture interface for the severely physically handicapped
Authors: Yoda Ikushi
Published: November 2018

Technology has already been developed that does not require a person to physically touch a mouse or a screen. This technology, such as the Kinect, relies on motion sensors to pick up movements and gestures, using them as inputs. However, these gestures are pre-programmed and actually
require the same amount of coordination as any other input through a physical device. This means that they are not immediately useful for those with motor dysfunction. Dr. Ikushi Yoda of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan, is working to resolve
this problem and aims to provide motion sensors that can allow disabled people to smoothly access computers amongst other devices. Yoda and his interdisciplinary team are working to analyse and categorise a wide variety of gestures from disabled with motor dysfunction. Their aim is to programme
these gestures to be recognised by motion-sensing devices as well as to introduce flexibility into the devices to allow for a wider range of detection. In order to devise new systems of input for users with various motor disabilities, Yoda and his team first had to gather data on the
sorts of gestures they could create. To document these accurately, Yoda's team monitored a pool of disabled volunteers to collect movement data for classification and analysis. Yoda chose participants that represented a wide range of potential disabilities. This meant many gestures of different
types and from different parts of the body could be acquired and analysed. These data were classified according to body part and used to develop a modulised gesture recognition engine. In addition to gathering important data, Yoda is also trying to optimise the research process using
relatively cheap motion detection cameras. It is essential that any system eventually employed is at least accessible to the majority of the target disabled users. Yoda and his team have previously developed an interface based on head gestures for individuals with severe cerebral palsy to
circumvent their inability to operate their motorised wheelchairs.
The Japanese Pharmacological Society
Authors: Akaike Akinori
Published: November 2018

The Japanese Pharmacological Society (JPS) was established in 1927 with the express purpose of contributing to the further development of the field of pharmacology through the spread of scientific knowledge on pharmacological theory based on applied research conducted in close coordination
with our fellow members as well as other affiliated academic societies throughout the world.
Understanding the development of cervical cancer - Joint efforts to improve HPV and cervical cancer diagnosis
Authors: Torres Poveda Kirvis Janneth , Madrid-Marina Vicente
Published: November 2018

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of death among women, with 99% of the cases linked to human papilloma virus (HPV) infection. The immune system, in conjunction with the natural microbiota that proliferates in cervical tissue, has a crucial role in eradicating the virus,
and preventing the progression of malignant lesions. A failure in these controlling mechanisms may be at the root of cervical cancer (CC). Dr Kirvis Torres-Poveda and Dr Vicente Madrid-Marina are investigating the mechanisms in which these imbalances occur and pinpointing specific microbial
strains that lead to the development of cervical cancer after HPV infection to determine the correlation between vaginal microbiomes, HPV, and cervical cancer
Analysis of de novo germline genome mutations
Authors: Ohno Mizuki
Published: November 2018

Gene mutations are permanent alterations in sections of DNA sequences called genes. This causes a significant and distinguishable change in the base sequence of the affected DNA. They are changes to the base sequence that can occur spontaneously or in response to cellular damage and
can vary greatly in size and position, ranging from a single base pair mutation, to changes that span segments of chromosomes, across several genes. Mutations in somatic (non-reproductive) cells are not passed on to the next generation, however germline mutations can occur in germ line cells
that can produce egg and sperm, thus causing changes to the basic genome to become fixed in the DNA for future generations to come. This article focuses on germline mutations that are of particular interest to Ohno and her team. Many of these mutations - so called de novo mutations -
are genetic alterations present for the first time in one family member as a result of a variation or mutation in a germ cell in either an egg or sperm of one of the parents. DNA repair systems allow for many of the mutations to be prevented and, in reality, only a low level of them become
carried forward in the genome. Ohno and her team recognise the causes of germline mutation and are seeking to understand the implications of mutation, with a view to establishing how they may evolve and the possibilities for our future selves. The current human genome is a result of amassed
mutations that have accumulated in our genome and driven it along certain pathways to yield what we are now. Ohno is currently working with gene-modified mice but the work is transferable to any mammalian genome, including humans to determine a possible future pathway.
Discovering the genetic factors in eye disease
Authors: Iwata Takeshi
Published: November 2018

Eye disease is an increasing problem, exacerbated by ageing populations in most countries. The National Eye Institute in the USA predicts that the cases of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and glaucoma around the world will double by 2050. According to the World Health Organisation,
these two diseases account for six per cent of all cases of visual impairment and blindness globally. Visual impairment affects quality of life and productivity and is therefore an important area of research. Professor Takeshi Iwata's laboratory is making ground-breaking discoveries in the
specialist area of genetically-influenced retinal diseases. Most eye diseases are partly due to genetics, but the influence of a person's genotype is more profound in hereditary diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa and macular dystrophy. Specific genotypes are less influential, but play a
role in AMD and glaucoma. The Iwata laboratory investigates AMD, glaucoma and 36 hereditary retinal diseases, to determine the genetic mutations that cause or predispose a patient towards developing disease. Iwata says: 'Our goal is to develop therapies for retinal eye diseases based on fundamental
research into their molecular mechanisms.' Determining the genetic mutations behind each disease is the first step to realising this goal. As many of the hereditary retinal diseases are rare, collaboration is very important to the laboratory's work. To collect samples from a large number of
patients, Iwata explains: 'We founded the Japan Eye Genetics Consortium (JEGC), a group comprising 30 ophthalmology departments throughout Japan.' Clinicians enter patients' phenotype information into a national genotype-phenotype database and send saliva or blood samples to the Iwata laboratory
for gene analysis. Iwata explains: 'Following analysis, we upload whole exome and genome analysis results to the database to share amongst the collaborators.' The JEGC is already yielding important results. 80 per cent of families studied were found to have previously unidentified mutations.
Functional analysis is underway to characterise each of these gene mutations in detail. Over 1366 family pedigrees have been collected, and the consortium aims to gather 5000 in total. In 2014, a more ambitious consortium was launched. The aim of the Asian Eye Genetics Consortium (AEGC), Iwata
explains, is: 'to identify all the gene mutations responsible for hereditary eye diseases in the Asian population.' Over 150 scientists from 20 countries have been brought together through the consortium.
Structure control of nanoparticle superstructures with DNA nanostructure
Authors: Tagawa Miho , Isogai Takumi , Sumi Hayato , Kojima Shoko
Published: November 2018

Nanoparticles are tiny stable clusters of atoms or molecules of between one and 100 nanometres. In comparison, the width of a human hair ranges from 80,000 to 100,000 nanometres. At this scale, particles sometimes exhibit unexpected properties, and structured assemblies of nanoparticles
can have characteristics which are not found in the natural world. These varied and novel properties are finding applications in new technology domains such as nano-optics, neural computing, nanoscale transistors and cloaking devices. A research group at Nagoya University, led by Professor
Miho Tagawa and including Dr Takumi Isogai, graduate students Hayato Sumi and Shoko Kojima, is working at the cutting edge of nanotechnology, finding ways to programme and control the structure of nanoparticle crystals and lattices using DNA mediation. As Tagawa says: 'programmable self-assembly
of matter represents a big challenge in the field of material science and nanotechnology. It will lay the foundations for the creation of highly novel materials and devices, based on the specific properties of nanoparticles.' The project is funded by a range of Japanese agencies, including
government ministries and private foundations. Nanoparticle crystals Nanoparticle crystallisation is difficult because of the various molecular interactions within and between particles and with the solvent. In 2008, it was discovered that using strands of DNA as surface ligands on nanoparticles
would cause nanoparticles to assemble in crystalline structures similar to those exhibited by atoms. The surface strands of DNA interlink through hybridisation and act as a binding agent between the nanoparticles. Varying the lengths and segment types causes the particles to bind in different
ways and thus exhibit different properties. Much has been learned about DNA-nanoparticle (DNA-NP). However, many challenges remain. Tagawa elaborates: 'whereas crystals of DNA-NP superlattice are stable when in a buffer solution, they tend to lose their symmetry when dried and exposed
to air.' The team at Nagoya were determined to find a means of stabilising these structures after dehydration.
Genome-wide methylation profiling in colon cancer for identifying novel metastasis markers
Authors: Ili Gangas Carmen Gloria
Published: November 2018

The project undertakes genome-wide methylation analysis on patients' primary and metastatic cancers to identify the different methylation patterns in each. The first investigative phase involves five patients, in whom CRC has spread to the lymph nodes. Tumour samples were taken during
operations pre-scheduled as part of their personal cancer care programme, in which the tumours were surgically removed. Next generation sequencing techniques were used for the primary analysis and resulted in the identification of 94 genes which were hypermethylated in the lymph node tumours,
as compared to the primary tumours. Ili says: 'Of these, PUM1, MAGED1, ZNF655, DLEU7 and LIX1L genes presented differences of over 50 per cent in their methylation status, from the original adenocarcinoma.' She explains: 'We understand these particular genes to be involved in the regulation
of cell cycles, stem cell differentiation and the regulation of micro RNA-mediated inhibition of translation.' The implication is that hypermethylation of specific promoter regions of these genes could be the trigger for the metastasis of the original cancer. There are multiple steps behind
metastasis and one of the main requirements is for epithelial cells forming the primary tumour to change character, becoming mesenchymal stem cells with the potential to change into multiple different types of cells. The tumour develops blood vessels into which these mesenchymal cells migrate
and can thus flow through the body. At the secondary site, these cells pass across the vascular wall and begin to grow a metastatic tumour. Therefore, by their very nature these secondary tumours are considerably more aggressive, with greater migratory and proliferative characteristics than
the former adenocarcinoma.
Antagonistic activity of terrestrial Streptomyces sp. VITNK9 against Gram negative bacterial pathogens affecting the fish and shellfish in aquaculture
Authors: Ishaque Nabila Mohammed , Kannabiran Krishnan
Published: November 2018

A total of 72 morphologically different actinomycetes isolates were isolated from samples collected at different regions of Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India and screened for its antibacterial activity against fish and shellfish pathogens. All actinomycetes isolates were screened for antibacterial activity by cross streak method against the selected fish and shellfish bacterial pathogens including Aeromonas caviae, Aeromonas hydroplila, Edwardsiella tarda, Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio harveyi. Secondary screening of antagonistic isolates by well diffusion method leads to the identification of potential isolate. Culture conditions for the potential isolate were optimized for maximal growth and yield of the ethyl acetate (EA) crude extract. The potential isolate was characterized by molecular taxonomy and phylogeny and identified as Streptomyces species and named as Streptomyces sp. VITNK9. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence was searched through the GenBank database and showed 83% similarity to Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus. The EA extract prepared from Streptomyces sp. VITNK9 showed moderate antagonistic activity accessed by the formation of zone of growth inhibition against, Aeromonas caviae (15.33 mm), Aeromonas hydrophila (17.66 mm), Edwardsiella tarda (18.33 mm), Vibrio anguillarum (14.33 mm) and Vibrio harveyi (14.33 mm). The MIC value of EA extract was ranged between 0.03-0.125 mg mL-1. The GC-MS spectrum of the ethyl acetate extract revealed the presence of two major compounds, pyrrolo [1,2-A] pyrazine-1,4-Dione (56.67%) and Hexahydro-3-(2-Methylpropyl) (27.91%), respectively. The results of the study suggest that Streptomyces sp. VITNK9 is a potential source for antagonistic secondary metabolites against fish and shellfish bacterial pathogens.
Actividad antibacteriana de diatomeas marinas aisladas de Acapulco, Guerrero, México
Authors: Nájera-Arce Cynthia , Álvarez-Fitz Patricia , Pérez-Castro Donaciano , Toribio-Jiménez Jeiry , Castro-Alarcón Natividad
Published: November 2018

Las diatomeas marinas sintetizan y secretan una gran variedad de metabolitos secundarios con aplicaciones potenciales en la industria farmacéutica, sin embargo su estudio aún es limitado. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de este trabajo fue aislar y cultivar las especies Chaetoceros curvisetus, Asterionella japonica, y Biddulphia mobiliensis de la Bahía Santa Lucía del Puerto de Acapulco, Guerrero, México, así como determinar la actividad antibacteriana frente a bacterias de importancia clínica y analizar el perfil fitoquímico cualitativo de sus extractos totales. La biomasa fue de 219,62 ± 0,99; 151,12 ± 1,41 y 109,04 ± 1,48 mg para C. curvisetus, A. japonica, y B. mobiliensis, respectivamente. Extractos con hexano, diclorometano, y acetona fueron obtenidos de cada especie, y el perfil fitoquímico cualitativo indicó que estas diatomeas marinas fueron ricas en aceites esenciales, alcaloides, y terpenos. Se observó que los extractos de C. curvisetus poseen alta actividad con Concentraciones Mínimas Inhibitorias (CMI) entre 0,5 y 2 mg mL-1 para bacterias tipo ATCC y de 8 y 16 mg mL-1 para cepas de E. coli productoras de BLEE.
Diferenciación morfológica de las especies simpátricas del género Helcogrammoides en Chile
Authors: Cornejo Claudio F. , Ibáñez Christian M.
Published: November 2018

Castillo & Pequeño (1998) dealt with the morphological differences between the species of Helcogrammoides genus, however, the distribution of the characters may obscure the quality of the diagnosis; therefore, to evaluate the morphological characters (morphometric and meristic) through multivariate and univariate statistical analysis can help in the description and morphological identification of the species. Here, we performed morphological analyses to improve the characterization of Helcogrammoides chilensis and H. cunninghami based on museum specimens and fresh material. Allometric correction allows a better discrimination between both Helcogrammoides species. Our results suggest new measures both morphometric and meristic for the diagnosis of Helcogrammoides.
Estudio de una intrusión de polvo sahariano en la atmósfera de Colombia
Authors: Méndez Juan Felipe , Pinto Herrera Laura Catalina , Belalcázar Cerón Luis Carlos
Published: November 2018

El desierto del Sahara es una de las principales fuentes de material particulado (MP) en el mundo. Este MP tiene la capacidad de afectar la calidad del aire a miles de kilómetros de la fuente. Las intrusiones de este polvo en el Caribe están bien documentadas, sin embargo, no se han reportado intrusiones de este contaminante en grandes ciudades colombianas. En este artículo se analiza y determina la posible relación entre las emisiones de polvo del Sahara y un episodio de alta contaminación que se registró en Bogotá y Medellín a finales de junio de 2014. Se utilizaron los datos registrados por las redes de calidad del aire de Bogotá y Medellín, la densidad másica de columna de polvo del proyecto MERRA-2 y los resultados del modelo NMMB/BSC-Dust. Se rastrearon las trayectorias y origen de masas de aire implementando HYSPLIT y se obtuvo el tipo de aerosol mediante el sensor CALIOP-CALIPSO.
Recomendaciones de diseño y construcción de pavimentos en placa-huella de concreto reforzado
Authors: Orobio Armando , Orobio Juan Carlos , Mosquera Juan Manuel
Published: November 2018

La construcción de pavimentos en placa-huella de concreto reforzado se ha incrementado en Colombia en los últimos años. La gran mayoría de los proyectos se basa en la especificación 500-1P que presenta un diseño general, del cual se desconocen los criterios tenidos en cuenta en su elaboración, lo que genera muchas dudas para su uso en diferentes proyectos. En el presente artículo se hace un análisis de los pavimentos en placa-huella, y se dan recomendaciones de diseño y construcción de este tipo de pavimentos, considerando las condiciones de uso actual, las cargas esperadas, las características de suelo de soporte y las calidades de los materiales.
Cambio en las propiedades geotécnicas de un suelo sometido a ignición en laboratorio
Authors: Valencia González Yamile , Patiño Restrepo Juliana , Álvarez Guerra María Camila , Ortega Ramírez Daniel , Echeverri Ramírez Óscar
Published: November 2018

Las zonas tropicales son regiones sometidas a ambientes cálidos, y sus suelos, en especial en aquellas áreas cubiertas de vegetación, pueden estar expuestos a eventos como los incendios. Las altas temperaturas que se pueden alcanzar en estos eventos causan variaciones en algunas de las propiedades geotécnicas de los suelos, influenciando el comportamiento del material, y pueden dar origen a procesos erosivos, que en muchos casos preceden a movimientos en masa. El siguiente artículo expone lo que ocurre en un suelo sometido a un proceso de ignición en el laboratorio, analizando las variaciones en algunas propiedades físicas (contenido de humedad, límites de Atterberg, gravedad específica y granulometría), químicas (pH y capacidad de intercambio catiónico), mineralógicas, estructurales y mecánicas (succión, desagregación y pinhole test); mostrando claramente que el material se torna más ácido con mayor relación de vacíos, menor capacidad de intercambio catiónico, menor cantidad de caolinita, plasticidad y succión, y variación en su textura, con un consecuente aumento en la erodabilidad.
A Representation Proposal of Practices for Teaching and Learning Software Engineering Using a Semat Kernel Extension
Authors: Gómez Álvarez María Clara , Sánchez-Dams Rubén , Barón Salazar Álvaro Alexander
Published: November 2018

La ingeniería de software es una disciplina orientada a la definición de métodos, técnicas y herramientas para el desarrollo eficiente de productos de software. La demanda creciente de estos productos genera la necesidad de contar con una gran cantidad de ingenieros de software con las competencias técnicas y sociales requeridas por la industria. Esta situación es un desafio para las instituciones de educación superior en relación con el proceso de enseñanza de los futuros profesionales de esta disciplina. En este sentido, estas instituciones están explorando estrategias activas de enseñanza para promover en los estudiantes las competencias necesarias. Sin embargo, una propuesta integradora de estos enfoques de enseñanza no ha sido desarrollada hasta ahora. En este artículo los autores describen una propuesta para representar prácticas de enseñanza-aprendizaje de ingeniería de software, orientada a identificar los principales conceptos incluidos en cualquier tipo de práctica. Esta propuesta esta basada en el núcleo de Semat, del estandar Essence, como marco de trabajo universal para la representación de prácticas de ingeniería de software, definiendo una extensión de dicho núcleo. Finalmente, presentamos un ejemplo de representación de una práctica de enseñanza-aprendizaje de ingeniería de software usando la extensión del núcleo de Semat propuesta.
De como Antonio Banderas perdeu o sotaque - e outros fenômenos transnacionais
Authors: D'Lugo Marvin
Published: November 2018

O texto discute, entre outras questões, a forma como se dá a construção de novas identidades e reterritorialidades das audiências pela mídia, a partir do estudo da filmografia de Antonio Banderas. As mudanças constantes das identidades sexuais e éticas de Banderas na Espanha e em Hollywood e o aumento da circulação de seus filmes internacionalmente mostram a subservação das comunidades imaginadas e a desestabilização do colonialismo cultural que tem marginalizado o cinema de língua espanhola.
Emma e as Patricinhas de Beverly Hilis: Relações Irônicas
Authors: Azerêdo Genilda
Published: November 2018

Discutindo a questão da adaptação literária para o cinema de Emma (1816), romance de Austen, nas três versões para o cinema, realizadas na década de 1990 ,o texto procura mostrar as múltiplas implicações da questão, enfocando também o conceito de ironia em relação à adaptação realizada, em 1995, por Amy Heckerling: As Patricinhas de Beverly Hills.
Espectatorialidade no diálogo cine/TV.
Authors: Coelho Luiz Antonio
Published: November 2018

O autor fala do modo de interação que um tipo de programa de televisão, ou tema, tem com o público espectador. A idéia por trás dessa interação passa pela identificação e envolvimento do espectador com o conteúdo ou personagem que, especificamente na TV, também pressupõe uma busca pelo realismo da mensagem. Para o autor, essa identificação dá-se em função da própria natureza da representação televisiva:programação, produção, tecnologia, condições de acesso, recepção e estratégias narrativas. Envolver através da narrativa é buscar um tipo especifico de olhar da câmera, olhar esse que vem sendo recentemente explorado através das câmeras ocultas e da criação de situações que encontram forte analogia a experiência de viver do ser humano. Episódios como o da Favela Naval, em Diadema, e o da Cidade de Deus, no Rio, em 1997, e, posteriormente, os chamados reality-shows têm explorado tais 35 situações, que, segundo o autor, respondem por parte do grande sucesso desse tipo de programa para além do óbvio voyeurismo.
A TV, os literatos e as Massas no Brasil
Authors: Freire Filho João
Published: November 2018

O intuito deste artigo é esmiuçar as diferentes posturas da intelligentsia literária nacional interessada em controlar ou mediar a ascendência do meio de comunicação de maior penetração popular do país. A partir da releitura de ensaios, cartas, crônicas e entrevistas (reunidas em livros ou ainda inéditas), tento demonstrar como a televisão foi adquirindo, entre nós, um lugar central no debate a respeito da natureza do público e do papel das artes e das letras na era (pós-)moderna.
A proteção à infância na televisão europeia
Authors: Capareili S. , Albuquerque F. , Kieling C. , Balsamão R.
Published: November 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar comparativamente as formas de proteção à criança no sistema de televisão europeu (França, Inglaterra, Itália e Alemanha), diante das tendências recentes de desregulamentação e re-regulamentação do cenário audiovisual. Através de uma pesquisa documental, são enfocados aspectos como a legislação, organismos de regulação, códigos de auto-regulamentação, diretivas comuns instituídas para a União Européia, bem como formas de proteção centradas na chamada educação para a imagem. A infância é aqui tomada como um

grupo vulnerável, necessitando de proteção no que diz respeito à

publicidade, violência e pornografia.
Capitalismo, esfera pública global e o debate em torno da televisão digital terrestre no Brasil
Authors: Britto Valério , Bolaño César
Published: November 2018

O objetivo deste trabalho é debater as possibilidades e contradições da

esfera pública no capitalismo contemporâneo. Neste quadro, é enfocado o

papel das tecnologias comunicacionais (especialmente a TV digital terrestre)

como espaço público, trabalhando-se teoricamente e apontando-se para

suas possibilidades democráticas. O artigo analisa o quadro atual da televisão

brasileira, numa abordagem teórico-metodológica a partir da Economia Política

da Comunicação. Nessa perspectiva, há um delineamento das tendências

deste mercado e do conjunto de instrumentos reguladores que atestam o

papel do Estado no âmbito da cultura.
O CR-P nas eleições de 1998 para o governo gaúcho - a vitória da contra-hegemonia
Authors: Lussaní Maria
Published: November 2018

O artigo "O CR-P nas eleições de 1998 para o Governo Gaúcho. A vitória da contra-hegemonia" tem por objetivo apresentar os resultados iniciais da pesquisa sobre as eleições de 1998 no Rio Grande do Sul para o governo do estado. A análise vai ser desenvolvida a partir do conceito de Cenário de Representação Política (CR-P) e da hipótese de agenda setting. A hipótese central do trabalho é a de que alguns meios de comunicação construíram um

cenário para garantira vitória do candidato Antônio Britto (PMDB) já no primeiro turno, mas a construção de um outro CR-P, alternativo, levou o candidato Olívio Outra (PT) ao segundo turno e à vitória nas eleições.
A perna coxa da tecnologia. - Fantasias totalitárias dos Náufragos da Polissemia na Cibercultura
Authors: Pena Felipe
Published: November 2018

Levando em conta os símbolos de uma das representações mitológicas mais significativas sobre a técnica, a de Hefestos, o deus coxo, tentamos resgatar o alerta sobre a ambiguidade e as limitações da tecnologia. Nosso principal objetivo é discutir algumas das imagens da subjetividade no âmbito

da cibercultura e suas conseqüências nas formas de socialização e apreensão da realidade na contemporaneidade. Partimos da hipótese de que sob o modelo de sujeito descentrado e sem limites presente no imaginário

das novas tecnologias, há um indivíduo que chamamos de náufrago da polissemia, ou seja, sob a metáfora dos mares polissêmicos, na verdade naufraga um sujeito incapaz de dar conta dessas múltiplas significações. E esse naufrágio pode revelar fantasias totalitárias de controle ilimitado sobre

a vida humana, com desejos de transcender, inclusive, a própria morte.
Ficção Científica: uma narrativa da subjetividade homem-máquina
Authors: Oliveira Fátima Régis de
Published: November 2018

As novas tecnologias de informação e a comunicação mediada por computador desafiam as fronteiras modernas que definiam o humano como sujeito natural, pensante e autônomo. Ao violar essas fronteiras, as novas tecnologias produzem seres híbridos e mundos possíveis, antes restritos às narrativas de ficção científica. Partindo das interrogações corno a ficção

científica conquistou a Atualidade e como nos tornamos ciborgues, o artigo desenvolve duas hipóteses complementares. A primeira aposta que a ficção científica é uma narrativa que problematiza as fronteiras entre subjetividade, tecnociência e espaço-tempo como estratégia de interrogar o humano. A segunda hipótese crê que ao pôr em questão as fronteiras ontológicas e epistemológicas modernas, as novas tecnologias permitiram os hibridismos que atualizam o ciborgue como devir humano e elegem a ficção científica como ficção da Atualidade.
Do problema do iconismo à ecologia da representação pictórica: indicações metodológicas para a análise do discurso visual
Authors: Picado José Benjamim
Published: November 2018

Buscamos avaliar a forte incidência que a discussão sobre imagens nos estudos comunicacionais sofreu de um discurso fortemente marcado pela predominância de categorias próprias ao campo das teorias da linguagem; reconhecendo este movimento de incorporação dos saberes lingüísticos, para a avaliação das estruturas discursivas próprias aos ícones visuais,

propomos um viés alternativo de análise, fundado na compreensão da relação entre as estruturas de sentido próprias às representações visuais e aquilo que constitui uma matriz originariamente perceptiva dos fatos visuais.
O Western americano na poética de Glauber Rocha e "Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol"
Authors: Gonçalves Pereira Fabiana da Camara
Published: November 2018

Neste trabalho trataremos das relações entre Deus e o Diabo na Terra do Sol, filme dirigido por Glauber Rocha em 1963, e sua relação com a tradição do western desenvolvida até esse momento. Para consegui-lo, abordaremos um pouco da história do gênero e traçaremos sua evolução dos primórdios do cinema mudo até a década de 19 6n0a,s produções hollywoodianas. Também lançaremos um breve olhar sobre o ciclo de filmes sobre o cangaço, ou nordestern, ocorrido no Brasil entre 1950 e 1960. A formação estética de Glauber, sua práxis criativa e o inegável engajamento no estabelecimento e renovação do Cinema Novo também são fatores essenciais. O entrecruzar destas trajetórias nos ajudará a compreender os pontos de interesse do cineasta - rupturas e continuidades - além de delinear, prescindindo da teleologia, a gênese de sua poética sertaneja.
Mediações na recepção: qual seria mesmo a importância da análise do lugar dos realizadores?
Authors: Jacob de Souza Maria Carmem
Published: November 2018

A leitura dos resultados da investigação sobre recepção das telenovelas, em particular, das articulações analíticas da mediação de gênero com a mediação videotécr,ica, apresentados no livro 'Vivendo com a telenovela" (Summus, 2002) gerou este artigo que pretende estimular um debate sobre a aplicabilidade e a pertinência de alguns dos conceitos formulados por Bourdieu: o espaço das obras, tomadas de posição dos realizadores e o campo de produção destas obras, tendo em vista aprimorar a reflexão sobre o lugar dos realizadores na interface entre o processo de elaboração, consumo, apreciação e recepção das telenovelas e as suas estratégias textuais, os modos de funcionamento deste texto audiovisual midiático.
Conversações
Authors: Caiafa Janice
Published: November 2018

No transporte coletivo urbano gera-se um espaço muito singular de comunicação. São desconhecidos, completamente estranhos uns aos outros, que se deslocam lado a lado. Essas pessoas, que um destino comum reuniu ali, vão se observar, vão despertar para as presenças em torno, vão se falar? No meio tenso das viagens de ônibus no Rio de Janeiro, o isolamento, o namoro, as interpelações agressivas, e ainda as conversas de ocasião preenchem um quotidiano muito interessante. Este artigo explora as condições da comunicação nesse contexto, apontando e descrevendo algumas características da conversação nas viagens.
Mídia, acesso e mercado da experiência
Authors: Arruda Fontenelle Isleide
Published: November 2018

Neste artigo, objetiva-se apresentar e discutir as relações atuais entre midia e mercado a partir das transformações ocorridas no campo da comunicação publicitária, desde a emergência da imagem como valor (historicamente situada na metade do século XX), até o surgimento da 'experiência através do acesso' como aquilo que marca a mais nova etapa nas relações comerciais contemporâneas. No interior dessa discussão, questões relativas à indistinção entre realidade e fantasia, à estetização do valor e à busca pela experiência virão à tona. E é esta última que parece nos encaminhar para o aspecto mais novo das relações entre midia e mercado, especialmente na maneira como 'o mercado da experiência" se formata em função da emergência das novas tecnologias da informação e das transformações da subjetividade delas decorrentes.
Lugares de Fala: um conceito para abordar o segmento popular da grande imprensa
Authors: Franz Amaral Márcia
Published: November 2018

O artigo apresenta o conceito de Lugar de Fala como instrumento teórico metodológico para delinear especificidades a serem consideradas na análise do segmento popular da grande imprensa. Parte da noção de que os jornais se transfiguram para falar a diferentes leitores por motivos tanto mercadológicos como comunicacionais. Os jornais de referência e os ligados ao segmento popular falam de lugares diferentes, concedem espaços variáveis ás vozes oficiais e populares em suas páginas e seus discursos são aceitos em lugares diversos. Com o conceito de Lugar de Fala, demonstramos a importância de o jornalismo ser pensado e analisado em consonância com o mercado simbólico para o qual é produzido, o que não significa aceitar sua subordinação ao mercado, mas sim compreender sua conexão com o mundo popular.