bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unleashing the Potential of Aerial RISs in Post-Disaster Scenarios
Authors: Matracia Maurilio , Kishk Mustafa , Alouini Mohamed-Slim
Published: February 2024

Conventional wireless network infrastructures are known to be susceptible to strong perturbations such as the ones caused by calamities. With this regard, whenever facing an emergency, it is vital to ensure reliable connectivity within the disaster-struck zone. Therefore, in this paper we promote the use of aerial reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) as a possible solution for supporting any possible damages affecting terrestrial base stations (TBSs). At the same time, we discuss the main differences between the aerial RIS (ARIS) technology and its parent ones, namely the terrestrial RIS (TRIS) and the aerial base station (ABS). To support our vision, we recall hurricane Maria, which affected Puerto Rico in 2017, and propose insightful real-world-inspired simulation results in order to discuss what we believe are the main challenges for a commercial implementation of ARISs in post-disaster scenarios.
Enhancing Motor Learning in Cycling Tasks: The Role of Model Predictive Control and Training Sequence
Authors: Alizadehsaravi Leila , Drauksas Simonas , K. Moore Jason , Happee Riender , Marchal-Crespo Laura
Published: February 2024

We evaluated the impact of Model Predictive Control (MPC) robotic-assisted compared to unassisted training, and the effect of alternating between MPC-assisted and unassisted training sequences on motor learning of a complex bicycle steering task. This task involved participants steering and collecting virtual stars displayed on a screen riding a steer-by-wire bicycle on a treadmill. Ten participants were split into two groups, alternating between MPC-assisted and unassisted training. Tasks’ motor skills were quantified by the distance to stars and its standard deviation (SD), while motor performance was determined by mean absolute and SD of steering rate across three evaluation time points: Baseline, Mid-Training, and Post-Training. The repeated-measures ANOVA indicated a significant improvement in task skill (SD of distance from stars) and steering performance (mean absolute and SD of steering rate) and an interaction effect of Group x Time Point on mean absolute and SD of steering rate. The group who initially trained without MPC exhibited a notable decrease in average and variation of steering rate, implying an advantage in starting training unassisted. Our findings suggest that the strategy of starting the training unassisted could stimulate an internal focus (concentrating on one’s own body movements) and intrinsic skill perception, which forms a basis for later integrating MPC assistance to further refining the gained motor skills. Such a sequential training approach may be beneficial in motor skill acquisition of complex dynamics tasks. MPC assistance could be advantageous for individuals with diminished internal model and skill perception, such as those with balance impairments, potentially allowing them to rely less on their impaired sensorimotor abilities.
The Interplay of Cognitive Load Theory and Attentional Bias in Heroin Addiction
Authors: Rodrigues Humberto Mendes Faria , Rodrigues Paulo , Martins Aldina , Maia Luis , Molina Antonio , DE LOS ÁNGELES CORREAS MARÍN MARÍA
Published: February 2024

Background: Current theories of addictive behavior suggest that individuals using heroin and other substances often exhibit an Attentional Bias (AB) towards environmental cues associated with substance consumption. Methods: This study aimed to assess AB in individuals with a history of substance dependence, specifically heroin users, utilizing Lavie's cognitive load theory (1995). Participants were categorized into a treatment group (TG), an abstinent group (AG), and a non-consumer group (NCG). An attentional task was designed based on Lavie's model, involving discriminating target letters (X or N) presented alone (low cognitive load, LCL), or among other letters (high cognitive load, HCL). Results: According to Lavie's model (1995), it was anticipated that in the TG and AG groups, compared to the NCG, AB would manifest only in the LCL condition. No significant differences were found regarding AB towards consumption-related images (i.e., emotional images) compared to neutral stimuli in the LCL condition. Conclusion: Our study did not find statistically significant results concerning AB between the TG and the AG when compared to the NCG. These findings contradict a significant body of research investigating selective attention in individuals with addiction, which consistently observed AB within this population.
Replication of a study from “Lay Theories of Financial Well-being Predict Political and Policy Message Preferences” (JPSP | Krijnen et al. 2022)
Authors: Harris Clare Diane
Published: February 2024

We ran a replication of study 2 from this paper, which assessed three sets of beliefs (each measured by averaging responses to three self-report questions) about what causes variation in financial well-being. The original authors predicted that people’s agreement with a given set of beliefs would be more positively associated with support for government goals that are compatible with those beliefs than with support for the other government goals in the study. The original authors’ findings were mostly consistent with their predictions, and 10 of their 12 findings replicated in our study. However, some readers might misinterpret some of the paper’s conclusions (the correlations between each of the three sets of beliefs and support for each of the three government goals differ from what a reader might expect).
Privacy Calculus, Privacy Paradox, and Context Collapse: A Replication of Three Key Studies in Communication Privacy Research
Authors: Masur Philipp K. , Ranzini Giulia
Published: February 2024

Since the advent of social network sites (SNS), researchers have investigated how and why users share personal information online. Yet, the replicability of individual findings remains unclear. We addressed this gap by closely replicating three seminal studies: Krasnova et al.’s (2010) study on the privacy calculus, Vitak’s (2012) analysis of the impact of context collapse, and Dienlin and Trepte’s (2015) investigation of the privacy paradox. While only 32.5% of the original effects replicated exactly across the three studies, 67.5% were significant and in line with the original direction. Despite overall replication success, the prominent negative privacy concerns and self-disclosure link did not replicate and became positive instead. Additional specification curve analyses revealed that the strength of this relationship is contingent on a variety of analytical decisions. The findings offer insights into the replicability of survey-based privacy research, highlighting the role of replication in a dynamic research landscape.
Peningkatan Kualitas Biobriket dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Melalui Torefaksi dengan Penambahan Co-Firing dari Tempurung Kelapa dan Sludge CPO sebagai Perekat
Authors: Meldha Zuqni , Amri Idral , Nirwana Nirwana
Published: February 2024

Indonesia is one of the world's leading producers of crude palm oil. This large production, however, creates a huge quantity of waste, one of which is empty palm fruit bunches. These empty fruit bunches have a high potential for use as a renewable energy source, such as in the creation of briquettes employing the torrefaction process with co-firing addition, with the goal of increasing their heating content. Furthermore, the goal of this research is to determine the best composition of co-firing with variation adhesive addition for increasing heating value and to compare the heating value, ash content, and volatile matter content of various compositions of co-firing. The study began with the preparation of raw material samples of empty palm fruit bunches and coconut shells. Torrefaction at 300°C for one hour is utilized. The torrefaction results are produced into briquettes with a variety of compositions of empty palm fruit bunches and coconut shells. CPO sludge is also used as an adhesive with concentrations of 20% and 30%. The briquettes produced with an addition co-firing from coconut shells fulfilled SNI requirements such as heating value, moisture content, volatile matter, and ash content. The best briquette quality is composed of 40% empty palm fruit bunches and 40% coconut shell, with a heating value of 6241.26 cal/g, 3.15% moisture, 5.8% ash, and 9.9% volatile matter.
Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Undergraduate Medical Students of a Medical College in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Timsinha Sidarth , Parajuli Sudhir Raman
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Medical school has a stressful environment where students are confronted with significant academic, psychological and existential stressors that are often under-recognized and undertreated. The Medical education system has been improving in Nepal; however, only limited research has been conducted concerning the mental health status of medical students.
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress and their associated risk factors among medical students of a teaching hospital in Nepal.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional online questionnaire-based survey conducted over a period of one month from September to October 2020 in the Department of Forensic Medicine at Manipal College of Medical Sciences (MCOMS), Pokhara, Nepal. The study included undergraduate students from the first to the fifth year. The sample was collected using a convenience sampling method. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used as a tool to evaluate depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students.
Results: The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress among undergraduate medical students was 143(46.43 %), anxiety 180(58.44%) and stress 90(29.22%) respectively. Female students reported higher levels of depression 87(53.40%), anxiety104(63.80%) and stress 53(32.52%) than male students 56(38.60%),76(52.41%) and 37(25.52%) respectively. The major risk factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress were a personal history of psychiatric illness and academic dissatisfaction.
Conclusions: Depression, anxiety, and stress were all prevalent among undergraduate medical students. Understanding mental problems among medical students would help develop and incorporate student wellness programs to prevent the negative effects of poor mental health.
Bacterial Uropathogens causing Urinary Tract Infection at Hetauda Hospital
Authors: Yadav Ajay , Patel Amit Kumar , Karna Alina , Jha Prashant
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Urinary tract infection is the infection of the uroepithelium that mainly affects kidney, ureter, urinary bladder and urethra. The causative agents of urinary tract infections are bacteria and fungi. Among these, bacteria are the most causative uropathogens of urinary tract infections.
Objectives: The objective of this study is to isolate, identify, characterized and perform antibiotic sensitivity test from the bacterial isolates.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2023 to May 2023. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Committee (IRC), Madan Bhandari Academy of Health Sciences, IRC-32-079. Total of 1120 urine samples were collected during this study. Convenient sampling technique was used for this study. Clean catch or mid-stream urine was collected in a sterile container. All urine samples were submitted to Department of Microbiology for culture. A set of biochemical tests were done for bacterial identification. Antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.
Results: Total of 1120 urine samples were collected from patients suspected to Urinary Tract Infections. Total urine culture positive was 340 (30.36%). Of these bacterial isolates, Escherichia coli (248, 73%) was the most common species, followed by Klebsiella species (26, 7.6%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (23, 6.76%) and Enterococcus fecalis (18, 5.3%).
Conclusion: As prevalence of bacteria causing urinary tract infections is increasing day by day; so its proper isolation, identification, characterization with their antibiotic profile is necessary as it forms the base line for the clinicians to choose appropriate antimicrobial agents for empirical as well as rational treatment for UTIs.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Ergonomics Principles among Undergraduates Studying Bachelor of Dental Surgery
Authors: Roy Deepak Kumar , Maharaj Anuranjan , Poudel Priyanka , Maharaj Anuranjan , Shrestha Deepti , Kharel Smriti , Roy Roshan Kumar
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Ergonomics is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among humans and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance. Successful application of ergonomics, assures high productivity, evasion of illnesses and injuries, leading to increased satisfaction among workers. On the other hand, unsuccessful application can lead to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among dental professionals.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of ergonomics principles among undergraduates studying bachelor of dental surgery.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was carried out among 172 students studying bachelor of dental surgery at Kathmandu Medical College, Kathmandu Nepal. Census technique was used to collect the data. A structured questionnaire was used as a data collection tool.
Results: The study revealed that nearly (69) 40% of the students had a knowledge about the ergonomic principles. Whereas, (112) 65% students of all the years as a whole had a good attitude towards ergonomics. But only (34) 20% students as a whole were using the principles of ergonomics into practice.
Conclusions: Although, (69) 40% had knowledge about ergonomics in dentistry. Only (34) 20% of the students had a practice of ergonomics . Thus, improvement in the level of knowledge is required but more importantly the application of knowledge into practice is recommended for better dental practice.
Smile Revival: Hollywood Bridge Appliance for the Esthetic Rehabilitation in a Preschooler
Authors: Sharma Shreebindu , Koirala Bandana , Dali Mamta , Shrestha Sneha
Published: February 2024

Dental caries affects people of all ages, often leading to early loss of teeth in children. Early childhood caries starts with the primary maxillary anterior teeth, then primary molars, with about 48% of preschoolers experiencing it worldwide. Rehabilitating a young child with multiple missing teeth due to caries or trauma is a challenging task for any pediatric dentist. Parents often seek aesthetic treatments to preserve their child's appearance and boost their self-confidence. In this case report, a 41⁄2-year-old girl was given a fixed Hollywood bridge appliance, enhancing her appearance, speech, and function while preventing harmful oral habits and boosting her confidence.
مستوى تطبيق معلمات برنامج صعوبات التعلم لمبادئ التصميم الشامل للتعلم
Authors: الزدجالية أسماء أحمد , الزعبي سهيل محمود
Published: February 2024

الأهداف: هدفت هذه الدراسة الوصفية المسحية إلى تعرف مستوى تطبيق معلمات برنامج صعوبات التعلم لمبادئ التصميم الشامل للتعلم، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من 247 معلمة يُدرّسنّ الطلبة ذوي صعوبات التعلم في برنامج صعوبات التعلم المُلحق بمدارس الحلقة الأولى في مختلف محافظات سلطنة عُمان. المنهجية: لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة تم تطوير مقياس التصميم الشامل للتعلم الذي تألف من 41 فقرة وزعت على ثلاثة محاور هي: التمثيل Representation، والمشاركة Engagement، والتعبير Expression. النتائج: أظهرت نتائج الدراسة بأن تطبيق معلمات برنامج صعوبات التعلم لمبادئ التصميم الشامل للتعلم جاء بمستوى متوسط، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية تعزى لخبرة التدريس والتخصص العلمي. الخلاصة: أوصت الدراسة على ضرورة إلحاق معلمات برنامج صعوبات التعلم بورش تدريبية قائمة على التصميم الشامل للتعلم وتهيئة بيئة برنامج صعوبات التعلم لتتوافق مع متطلبات التصميم الشامل للتعلم.
Analysis of the Application of Fire Protective Composition for Wooden Structures
Authors: KOVAL Yu.N. , ANDREEV A.S. , AGAFONOVA N.Z.
Published: February 2024

In construction, coniferous wood is usually used as load-bearing and enclosing structures. Wood is characterized by the ability to ignite and spread combustion when heated in air. Wooden building structures pose a fire hazard, since with an initial impulse of external thermal energy, ignition is possible. In addition, when a fire occurs in buildings and structures where wood is located, a number of dangerous fire factors arise: flames, sparks, heat flow, toxic combustion products, extremely low oxygen concentrations, decreased visibility due to smoke. In this regard, it becomes relevant to treat wood with special compounds that increase resistance to fire. The authors examined the fire hazardous properties of building structures made of wood, analyzed the fire retardant treatment of wooden structures with a special composition; examined the fire hazardous properties of building structures made of wood, the mechanism of pyrolysis, and the effect of fire retardant treatment on the behavior of wood when exposed to fire. The use of fire retardant significantly affected the pyrolysis processes of the samples. The information obtained during the study made it possible to assess the degree of differences in the values of the average weight loss of samples treated with different fire retardants. Samples using a fire retardant composition have a shallower charring depth. Damage associated with thermal exposure is fundamentally different from untreated samples. Treated and impregnated samples exhibit rapid weight loss. This is due to the fact that in treated and impregnated samples, when exposed to high temperatures in the oven, the reactions of dehydration and cross-linking of cellulose molecules are accelerated.
Urgent Social and Cultural Issues and Attitudes in the European Union Countries
Authors: Bondarenko Lev-Oleksandr
Published: February 2024

The purpose of the article is to consider the issue of multiculturalism policy in the European Union countries, as well as current socio-cultural problems and attitudes caused by migration and economic and social processes. The study analyses the influence of historical processes on the formation of ethnic groups, which, in the subsequent formation of European countries and their consolidation into the European Union, played and continue to play an essential role in the matter of regional politics. The study confirms that unsuccessful attempts to integrate immigrants into European society led to the aggravation of relations between the native population of European states and immigrants, growth of anti-immigrant sentiments and mass protests of Europeans against the national governments' migration policies.
Gumbel’s Extreme Value Distribution for Flood Frequency Analyses of Timis River
Authors: Badaluta Minda Codruta
Published: February 2024

One of the major problems in the engineering design of water resource is the estimation of peak flood flows. In probability theory and statistics, flood frequency analysis is used to obtain the distribution of flood probabilities. Gumbel distribution represents distributions of extreme values ​​used in hydrological studies to predict flood peak, maximum rainfall, etc. This paper aims to analyses the frequency of floods, Gumbel's frequency distribution method, based on the maximum annual flows in the Timis River for the period of 30 years (1993 – 2022). For this analysis the return period (T) used is 5 years, 10 years, 50 years, 100 years, 150 years.
Direct and Indirect Associations between Conservative Ideological Dimensions and Child Sexual Abuse Myths
Authors: Grigoropoulos Iraklis
Published: February 2024

The current study examined conservatism's relationship with child sexual abuse myths and the mediating effect of different dimensions of conservative ideology (i.e., right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation) on the relationship between religiosity, right-wing political orientation, and child sexual abuse myths. For this cross-sectional study, convenience sampling drew 233 participants via Greek social media platform advertisements and snowball sampling. Bivariate correlations and multiple regression analysis were used to examine associations between child sexual abuse myths and predictor variables. Two parallel mediation models, where religiosity and political positioning predict child sexual abuse myths, mediated by social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism, were also examined using PROCESS macro (model 4). The current research highlights the need to acknowledge the role of conservative ideological dimensions and processes in child sexual abuse myths tolerance. It contributes theoretically and practically to our understanding of child sexual abuse myths, suggesting that social dominance orientation, as a facet of conservative ideology, may significantly predict child sexual abuse myths tolerance.
Approaching EEG Pathological Spikes in Terms of Solitons
Authors: Tozzi Arturo
Published: February 2024

A delicate balance between dissipative and nonlinear forces allows traveling waves termed solitons to preserve their shape and energy for long distances without steepen and flatten out. Solitons are so widespread that can generate both destructive waves in oceans’ surface and noise-free message propagation in silica optic fibers. They are naturally observed or artificially produced in countless physical systems at very different coarse-grained scales, from solar winds to Bose-Einstein condensates. We hypothesize that some of the electric oscillations detectable by scalp electroencephalography (EEG) could be assessed in terms of solitons. A nervous spike must fulfill strict mathematical and physical requirements to be termed a soliton. They include the proper physical parameters like wave height, horizontal distance and unchanging shape, the appropriate nonlinear wave equations’ solutions, the correct superposition between sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal waves. After a thorough analytical comparison with the EEG traces available in literature, we argue that solitons bear striking similarities with the electric activity recorded from medical conditions like epilepsies and encephalopathies. Emerging from the noisy background of the normal electric activity, high-amplitude, low frequency EEG soliton-like pathological waves with relatively uniform morphology and duration can be observed, characterized by repeated, stereotyped patterns propagating on the hemispheric surface of the brain over relatively large distances. Apart from the implications for the study of cognitive activities in the healthy brain, the theoretical possibility to treat pathological brain oscillations in terms of solitons has powerful operational implications, suggesting new therapeutical options to counteract their detrimental effects.
Role of Social Networks and Media during the Pandemic in Stress Levels and Development of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (TSD) in Healthcare Workers
Authors: Altable Marcos , Díaz-Moreno Emilio , Akram Muhammad
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has subjected healthcare workers to unprecedented challenges, exacerbated by the overflow of information and misinformation spread through social media and the media. This has triggered high stress levels and the development of disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The analysis reveals a paradox in the role of social media and digital media: on the one hand, they are crucial tools for rapidly disseminating vital information; on the other, they are sources of stress and anxiety due to information overload and misinformation. This pandemic fatigue compromises the mental health of healthcare workers, leading them to avoid information or make suboptimal decisions at critical moments. Conversely, social media and digital media offer a space for emotional and professional support, fostering resilience and collaboration among professionals. However, reliance on these platforms also poses challenges related to information privacy and the accuracy of shared content. Adopting effective information management and self-care strategies to mitigate the risks and maximise the benefits of these digital tools is essential. Institutional support is also crucial to provide mental health resources and foster a culture that prioritises the well-being of these professionals. Collaboration between health organisations, social media platforms, and mental health professionals is critical to developing targeted interventions and support programs tailored to the needs of health workers during and after the pandemic. In this way, health and safety and the quality and effectiveness of care provided to the population in these challenging times can be ensured.
Risky Hope: A Proflection Through Abraham’s Spiritual Journey
Authors: Simanjuntak Fredy , Takaliuang Jammes Juneidy , Markus Feky
Published: February 2024

Abraham's journey, initially marked by forced displacement and uncertainty, evolves into a profound exploration of hope amidst hardship. This qualitative study delves into Abraham's spiritual evolution, elucidating how he navigates through adversity to grasp a risky hope promised by God. Through descriptive data analysis, the research constructs a narrative of proflection, wherein Abraham embraces vulnerability to transcend conventional expectations. The findings highlight Abraham's transformative journey, revealing how he ultimately embraces risky hope as a beacon of resilience and spiritual growth.
An Individual Decision-Making Model for Taking Climate-Friendly Action
Authors: Aunger Robert
Published: February 2024

Experts are concerned about the impending arrival of tipping points in the global climate’s ability to accommodate increasing levels of CO2 and methane in the atmosphere, at least partly due to human activity. The resulting environmental degradation and loss of biodiversity are likely to be devastating to civilized ways of life. This paper presents an individual-level decision-making model that can alleviate some of the cognitive paralysis that results from being faced with such a global-scale existential crisis as but one individual among billions. It achieves this by simplifying and organising the kinds of trade-offs that are required to identify the individual’s most productive course of action from among many alternatives. Choices between whether to engage in forced choice over organisational practices they might control (e.g., a business mission) versus social influencing (e.g., via a social media presence) versus changes in lifestyle are central. It shows that those with control over the behaviour of others will likely bear greater responsibility. Easier decision-making should increase levels of pro-environmental activity.
Micro- and Macroevolution: A Continuum or Two Distinct Types of Change?
Authors: DeJong William , Degens Hans
Published: February 2024

How microevolution and macroevolution are related is one of the major unanswered questions in evolutionary biology. The most prevalent view is that microevolution and macroevolution are part of a continuum of one type of change and that macroevolution is the cumulative result of microevolution. Mathematics, however, distinguishes two fundamentally different, singular types of change: change of a vector in its parameters versus its dimensions. This mathematical distinction may help to articulate the concept of evolution by distinction of two fundamentally different types of evolution: the change of the state vector of an organism in 1) its parameters (= ‘first-order evolution’) and 2) its dimensions (= ‘second-order evolution’). This distinction can be operationalized by identifying genes and regulatory elements in the nucleotide code of an organism as dimensions of its state vector. This operationalization allows us to substitute the subjective phenotype-based analysis of evolution with a genotype-based analysis and draws attention to the mechanisms that change the parameters or the dimensions of the state vector, respectively. We illustrate the distinction between first- and second-order evolution with a simulation of the adaptive dynamics of a population of digital amoebas. Our mathematical genotype-based approach reveals that micro- and macroevolution are two distinct types of change.
Additive and Multiplicative Operations on Set of Polygonal Numbers
Authors: Srinivas Thiruchinapalli
Published: February 2024

In this paper, the focus on generating k-gonal numbers P (k, n) \(=\) \(\left\{ \begin{array}{r} \frac{\mathbf{n}}{\mathbf{2}}\left\lbrack \left( \mathbf{k - 3} \right)\left( \mathbf{n - 1} \right)\mathbf{+}\left( \mathbf{n + 1} \right) \right\rbrack\mathbf{\ for\ k > 2,n \geq 0} \\ \frac{\mathbf{n}}{\mathbf{2}}\left\lbrack \left( \mathbf{k - 3} \right)\left( \mathbf{n + 1} \right)\mathbf{+}\left( \mathbf{n - 1} \right) \right\rbrack\mathbf{\ for\ k > 2,n < 0} \end{array} \right\}\). Also introduce to define additive (+) and multiplicative (*) operations on Sets of k-gonal numbers. In particular, concerning addition (+), \(\mathbf{p}\left( \mathbf{k,m} \right)\mathbf{+ p}\left( \mathbf{k,n} \right)\mathbf{= p}\left( \mathbf{k,m + n} \right)\mathbf{-}\left( \mathbf{k - 2} \right)\mathbf{mn\ \ }forsome\ integer\mathbf{\ k > 2}\). Also, concerning multiplication (*), \(\mathbf{p}\left( \mathbf{k,m} \right)\mathbf{*p}\left( \mathbf{k,n} \right)\mathbf{= p}\left( \mathbf{k,mn} \right)\mathbf{+}\frac{\left( \mathbf{k - 4} \right)\left( \mathbf{k - 2} \right)\mathbf{mn}}{\mathbf{4}}\left( \mathbf{m - 1} \right)\left( \mathbf{n - 1} \right)\mathbf{\ }forsome\ integer\mathbf{\ \ k > 2}\).Also, summation of any two different k-gonal is \(\mathbf{p}\left( \mathbf{k}_{\mathbf{1}}\mathbf{,n} \right)\mathbf{+ p}\left( \mathbf{k}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{,n} \right)\mathbf{= n}\left( \mathbf{n + 1} \right)\mathbf{+}\frac{\mathbf{n}\left( \mathbf{n - 1} \right)}{\mathbf{2}}\left\lbrack \left( \mathbf{k}_{\mathbf{1}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{k}_{\mathbf{2}} \right)\mathbf{- 6} \right\rbrack\mathbf{\ for\ }\mathbf{k}_{\mathbf{1}}\mathbf{,}\mathbf{k}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{> 2}\).

Also, I applied above properties on some Sets of Polygonal numbers, which are generated by replacing integer k with 3,4,5,6,7 and 8. Also, introduced to study of Repeated steps of Residues of the above Sets of Polygonal numbers generated by k with 3,4,5,6,7 and 8.
When ‘Ignorance is Bliss’ in Medicine
Authors: Padmanabhan Vijayaraghavan
Published: February 2024

Treatment of diseases can be simple as well as effective with only limited medical knowledge, provided the physician is connected with the ‘pure consciousness’ within oneself, which is also the basis of everything in the universe. The ‘inner self’ or ‘pure consciousness’ has refreshing and healing qualities. This healing ‘inner self’ is within the conscious reach of every individual in the waking state, through the practice of meditation. The physician connected to his ‘inner self’ can help the patient to reach a more blissful state of consciousness, thus facilitating healing of all types of diseases. While mind-body therapies are patient-dependent self-help strategies, the physician who is connected with the ‘inner self’, can directly help to initiate the healing process. Positivity is manifested by the physician regardless of whether the medical knowledge he utilizes is ‘simple’ or the more complex ‘scientific’. There may be ‘ignorance’ of complex ‘scientific knowledge’, but there is ‘wisdom’ of being connected with the source of all healing.
Potential Mechanisms of Continuity of Care and Future Research
Authors: Wensing Michel
Published: February 2024

High continuity in primary care has positive impact on the health of patients and populations, but the traditional long-term relationship of a patient with one specific primary care provider is no longer given. Insight into the underlying mechanisms of continuity in primary care can help to design effective teams and networks of healthcare providers. Eight different mechanisms of continuity of care are proposed: matching of patient and provider, time for patient care, healing relationship, effective information delivery, effective counselling, monitoring in care episodes, coherence of treatment, and absence of interruption due to hand-overs. Empirical research on the mechanisms of continuity in modern primary care is required.
Patients With Hereditary Gastric Cancer Linked to a Family History of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC)
Authors: Hayashi Takuma , Abiko Kaoru , Yaegashi Nobuo , Nishikawa Shoko , Konishi Ikuo
Published: February 2024

_Helicobacter pylori_ (_H. pylori_), a bacteria which chronically infects the stomach of approximately half people in the world, is a risk factor for the development of gastric cancer (GC). However, the detailed mechanism by which _H. pylori_ infection induces GC development remains unclear. Intermittent injection of the _H. pylori_ CagA protein in to its host cell, inhibits the nuclear translocation of BRCA1/BRCA2-the DNA repair proteins involved prominently in breast cancer development. Interestingly, hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) is associated with GC development. Here, we aimed to understand the molecular link between _H. pylori_ infection, _BRCA1/2_ pathogenic variants (PVs), GC and higher incidence of GC in HBOC families. To do so, in this retrospective clinical observation study, we checked the database of Japanese patients undergoing precision treatment using cancer genomic medicine. Indeed, we found a higher incidence of GC in HBOC families having germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) of _BRCA1/2_ (2.95 % vs. 0.78% (in non-HBOC families). Next we, found that 96.1 % _H. pylori_ infected patients received cancer genomic medicine examination for advanced GC, and > 16% advanced GC patients had _gBRCA2_ PVs. Moreover, histological examination of GC tumor tissue showed that gastric mucosa epithelial cells infected with CagA-positive _H. pylori_ strains were lacking in nuclear BRCA1. Further, we found that expressing wildtype BRCA1/2 in the _Gan_ mice (a mouse model of human GC), inhibited GC development. Thus, _gBRAC1/2_ PVs and _H. pylori_ infection synergistically increase the risk of GC development. Our study thus highlights the need for early eradication of _H. pylori _infection in HBOC family members to prevent GC development. Further, it indicates that that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) inhibitors will be effective in halting development and progression of GCs in HBOC families with _gBRCA1/2_ PVs.
Reformas procesales en materia civil y familiar en México
Authors: Flores Salgado Lucerito Ludmila
Published: February 2024

En 2015 el Gobierno de la República, el Centro de Investigación y Docencia Económicas y el Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas de la UNAM, convocaron a mesas de trabajo, llevadas a cabo bajo el marco de los Diálogos por la Justicia Cotidiana, cuyo principal objetivo era que mediante el dialogo, se presentaran propuestas y soluciones. Así el 2018, las propuestas más importantes en relación con las materias civil, mercantil, administrativo, laboral y familiar fueron enfocadas propiciar una sana convivencia social, dentro de un marco de legalidad, para resolver los problemas que se susciten entre los particulares, a través de tribunales que impartan justicia de una forma pronta y expedita[1].
Por lo que dichas propuestas se enfocan específicamente en crear un Código Nacional de Procedimientos Civiles y Familiares, para unificar en todo el país las reglas, evitar la disparidad de derechos, y lograr que en todos los estados, prevalezcan las mejores prácticas, homologar el funcionamiento de los registros civiles, mediante informatización de la información y su facilidad de obtención de la información de la nube y se propuso un marco nacional de mejora regulatoria, con la finalidad de que las autoridades no decidan arbitrariamente y con ello, cerrar espacios a la corrupción

<a title="" href="file:///C:/Users/ludmi/Downloads/1.%20LAS%20REFORMAS%20PROCESALES%20EN%20MATERIA%20CIVIL%20Y%20FAMILIAR.%20JUnio%202019.%20Dra%20Lucerito%20Ludmila%20Flores%20Salgado%20(3).docx#_ftnref1">[1] Decreto por el que se adiciona una fracción al artículo 73 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos, en materia Procesal Civil y Familiar. Disponible: http://www.senado.gob.mx/comisiones/puntos_constitucionales/docs/Temas/JC_Iniciativa2_061216.pdf.
The RPUF Composite’s Physical and Mechanical Properties with Ramie Stem Particle Reinforcement
Authors: Stafian Nisa Rihab , Dede Hermawan  , Sasa Sofyan Munawar  , Deni Purnomo  , Bambang Subiyanto  , Ismadi  , Ahmad Syahrir  , Fazhar Akbar
Published: February 2024

Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) is a common insulation material that has low thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties. The qualities of RPUF may be enhanced by adding natural fiber reinforcing. The purpose of this work is to examine how the mechanical and physical characteristics of RPUF composite are affected by the amount of ramie stem particles present. Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) A 5908-2003 is the basis for the mechanical test (modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, compressive strength, internal bond) and the physical test (density, moisture content, water absorption). The study's findings suggest that the physical properties of the RPUF composite were affected by the addition of ramie particles for reinforcement. The density increase in particle content 2.5% – 7.5% range, is not statistically significant. The MC and WA increased statistically significantly. The values of MOE and MOR were not significantly different. In fact, with the addition of 2.5% and 5% ramie particles, the compressive strength value was higher than the RPUF composite without ramie particle filler. Then overall, the IB value was increased by increasing the ramie particles in the RPUF composite. The addition of 2.5-5% ramie particles into the RPUF composite showed optimum results in mechanical properties. Thereby, the addition of ramie particles in the RPUF composite means reducing the use of polyurethane. Therefore, it can reduce production costs. Then the product is more environmentally friendly
Infeksi Oportunistik pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Kota Medan Tahun 2018-2022
Authors: Manurung Ozora Joshua Porsea
Published: February 2024

Background: The incidence of HIV/AIDS-related opportunistic infections should have decreased significantly in recent times due to antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, several factors such as patients diagnosed in the late stage of HIV infection, not starting and continuing ART, or ineffective ART will increase the incidence of opportunistic infections in PLWHA (people living with HIV/AIDS). Knowing about opportunistic infections in PLWHA can provide information about the types of opportunistic infections that occur most often and their epidemiology. Objectives: To identify opportunistic infections in PLWHA at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan in 2018-2022. Methods: This study used analytical retrospective quantitative research using the Spearman correlation test by observing secondary data in the form of medical records with total sampling technique. Result: There were 253 PLWHA with opportunistic infections in 2018-2022 with the majority of male gender (82.6%), age group 25-32 years (37.5%), CD4 count <200 cells/mm3 (85.0%). The highest opportunistic infection was Tuberculosis (55.3%) followed by Candidiasis (45.8%). There was no correlation between CD4 count and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (p=0.620), but there was a correlation between CD4 count and Candida spp infection (p=0.013).Conclusion: There are differences in the types of opportunistic infections in PLWHA at RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan in 2018-2022.
Keyword: Candidiasis, CD4, Opportunistic Infection, PLWHA, Tuberculosis
Latar Belakang: Insiden infeksi oportunistik terkait HIV/AIDS seharusnya telah menurun secara signifikan di masa ini karena adanya terapi antiretroviral (ARV). Namun, beberapa faktor seperti penderita terdiagnosis pada stadium akhir infeksi HIV, tidak memulai dan melanjutkan terapi ARV, atau terapi ARV yang kurang efektif akan meningkatkan insiden infeksi oportunistik pada ODHA (orang dengan HIV/AIDS). Dengan mengetahui infeksi oportunistik pada ODHA dapat memberikan informasi mengenai jenis-jenis infeksi oportunistik yang paling sering terjadi dan epidemiologinya. Tujuan: Mengetahui infeksi oportunistik pada ODHA di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan tahun 2018-2022. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian retrospektif analitik bersifat kuantitatif menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman dengan cara mengobservasi data sekunder berupa rekam medik dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil: Didapatkan ODHA dengan infeksi oportunistik pada tahun 2018-2022 sebanyak 253 orang dengan mayoritas jenis kelamin laki-laki (82,6%), kelompok usia 25-32 tahun (37,5%), jumlah CD4 <200 sel/mm3 (85,0%). Infeksi oportunistik tertinggi adalah Tuberkulosis (55,3%) diikuti Kandidiasis (45,8%). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara jumlah CD4 dan infeksi Mycobacterium tuberculosis (p=0,620), tetapi terdapat hubungan antara jumlah CD4 dengan infeksi Candida spp (p=0,013). Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan jenis infeksi oportunistik pada ODHA di RSUD Dr. Pirngadi Medan tahun 2018-2022.
Kata Kunci: CD4, Kandidiasis, Infeksi Oportunistik, ODHA, Tuberkulosis
ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ ОПЕРАТИВНОГО БЮДЖЕТУВАННЯ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ СЕРЕДНЬОГО БІЗНЕСУ
Authors: Терещенко С.І. , Пєтухов А.Ю.
Published: February 2024

У статті розглядаються питання впровадження системи оперативного бюджетування на підприємствах середнього бізнесу. Проведено огляд наукових джерел стосовно ефективності застосування бюджетування підприємствами різними за розміром та формою власності. Дано авторське бачення визначення терміну бюджет та бюджетування з урахуванням практичних особливостей даного процесу. Необхідність впровадження бюджетування на підприємствах різних галузей економіки та розмірів пояснюється тим, що конструювання та аналіз бюджетних форм надають керівництву компанії інформацію для обґрунтування та передбачення можливих наслідків різних управлінських рішень. Проблеми, пов'язані з розробкою та впровадженням бюджетування як передової управлінської технології, були вже вирішені у багатьох країнах світу більше чверті століття тому. Однак в Україні цей процес тільки розвивається і зараз охоплює лише обмежену аудиторію.
Importance of pollinator diversity for sunflower seed production
Authors: Shpak Y. V. , Leheta U. V. , Sosnovskyi K. S.
Published: February 2024

The sunflower (Helianthus annuus Linnaeus) is one of the most important food crops in the world. In modern agroecology, this pivotal plant is deeply intertwined with diverse pollination mechanisms. This study elucidates the multifaceted contributions of various pollinator taxa, delving into their respective efficiencies and behaviors vis-à-vis sunflower reproductive success. The honeybee (Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758) plays a central role in sunflower pollination, transferring pollen over large distances, thereby bolstering the genetic diversity of sunflower populations. While sunflowers derive immense benefits from honeybee pollination, they reciprocally offer their pollen as vital nutrition for bee larvae. However, this symbiotic relationship is nuanced, with honeybees occasionally exhibiting selectivity based on sunflower cultivar. While honeybees are paramount, the richness of the ecosystem is further accentuated by the presence of other pollinators, each contributing uniquely to the sunflower’s lifecycle. The foraging fidelity of solitary bees, such as the leafcutter bee (Megachile spp.) and mason bee (Osmia spp.), underscores their indispensable role in cross-pollination. Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) introduce a fascinating "buzz pollination" mechanism, leveraging vibrations to optimize pollen release. Simultaneously, wasps provide functions beyond pollination, serving as biocontrol agents by preying on detrimental pests. Surprisingly, mosquitoes appeared to also be contributors to pollination, especially when traditional pollinators are scarce, with their nocturnal tendencies augmenting pollination continuity. Hoverflies render dual benefits: they aid in pollination and their larvae predate on pests. While butterflies are primarily nectar-oriented, they inadvertently partake in pollen transfer. Moths, through their nocturnal activities, complement pollination. Beetles, often overlooked, act as secondary pollinators. Regrettably, contemporary agricultural practices often disrupt this ecological equilibrium. Pervasive pesticide use and habitat fragmentation imperil these pollinators, underscoring the urgent need for pollinator-friendly approaches. As climate conditions fluctuate, understanding these pollinator dynamics becomes increasingly critical. This comprehensive examination advocates for holistic conservation strategies, targeting sustained sunflower yields and broader ecosystem resilience.
READING ACHEBE’S THINGS FALL APART FROM CÉSAIRE’S PERSPECTIVE ON ANTICOLONIALISM
Authors: Tuaderu Yohanes
Published: February 2024

This research aims to obtain a deep notion of what stands beyond one of Achebe’s prominent African trilogies – Things Fall Apart – from the concept of anticolonialism promoted by Aimé Césaire. It examines two main subject matters i.e.; the reason why African people struggle so hard to oppose the oppression of the colonizers and what efforts they develop to react to the bad treatment. The harassment of human values - what Césaire called "thingification", trampled culture, damaged socio-cultural foundations, destroyed native religions, and confiscated ancestral inherited lands have apparently become the trigger for the struggle against colonialism. Meanwhile, the real way and effort made to fight the arrogance of the colonialists was to strengthen cultural identity and maintain the noble values that had united all tribes. In this way, the Igbo tribe and the Nigerian people finally gained their independence on October 1, 1960 - 2 (two) years after the novel Things Fall Apart was published.
PERKEMBANGAN IKATAN PANCAK SILAT DI KOTA LANGSA PADA TAHUN 2008-2017
Authors: Dewi Mutiara
Published: February 2024

Skripsi ini berjudul” PERKEMBANGAN IKATAN PENCAK SILAT DI KOTA LANGSA PADA TAHUN 2008-2017” Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk Menelusuri proses terbentuknya Olahraga pencak silat melalui IPSI ( Ikatan Pencak Silat Seluruh Indonesia)Kota langsa dan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perkembangan olahraga pencak silat dikota langsa untuk menelusuri prestasi pencak silat kota langsa.Adapun metode penelitian pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunanakan metode penelitian kualitatif historis dimana dalam metode penelitian kualitatif lebih mengutamakan data dan analisis lapangan dan penelitian bersifat sejarah.penelitian kualitatif adalah penelitian tentang riset yang bersifat deskriptif dan cenderung pengumpulan datanya berupa pernyataan-pernyataan mengenai isi,sifat,ciri,keadaan,gejala,pola-pola hubungan yang terjadi dalam suatu masyarakat.dalam pengumpulan data,peneliti mengumpulkan data peneliti menggunakan wawancara mendalam dan observasi dilapangan.Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini yang penulis dapat adalah olahraga pencak silat sendiri memiliki perkembangan yang sangat baik,dan juga olahraga ini adalah sebagai olahraga yang patut diperhitungkan dikarenakan perkembangan dan juga peminatnya sudah jauh lebih baik,dalam hal lain perkembangan olahraga ini memiliki sesuatu kemajuan untuk prestasi kota langsa sendiri perkembangan olahraga pencak silat ini memiliki kemajuan yang sangat baik khususnya untukkota langsa.Dengan adanya tulisan ini semoga bisa memberikan informasi terkait lahirnya ikatan pencak silat di indonesia khususnya kota langsa untuk menambah wawasan atau pengetahuan bagi mahasiswa dan masyarakat tentang bagaimana proses lahirnya ikatan pencak silat di kota langsa.