bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK USIA 3 TAHUN
Authors: Suparman
Published: March 2022

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeksripsikan penguasaan bahasa pada anak-anak yang masih berusia 3 tahun; kajian fonologi dan leksikon. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif yang menghasilkan data deskriptif. Data penelitian berupa kata-kata yang digunakan oleh subjek penelitian yakni Key dalam berkomunikasi. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, simak, rekam dan catat. Analisis data dilakukan selama pengumpulan data dan sesudah data terkumpul, menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif. Peneliti mengkaji hasil rekaman dengan seksama dengan langkah memutar hasil rekaman secara berulang-ulang sebelum menentukan macam bunyi yang dihasilkan anak. Setelah usia 3 tahun, umumnya anak sudah menguasai semua jenis fonem vokal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan beberapa fonem konsonan yang masih sulit diucapkan oleh subjek penelitian yakni belum mampu mengucapkan fonem apikoalveolar /r/ dan laminoalveolar /z/, belum dapat membedakan antara bunyi bilabial /p/, labiodental /f/ dan labiodental /v/.
CITRA KEMISKINAN PADA NOVELET WESEL POS KARYA RATIH KUMALA: ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI SASTRA
Authors: Anah Mulyanah  , Sahlan Mujtaba  , M. Januar Ibnu Adham
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan (1) unsur-unsur yang terkandung pada novelet Wesel Pos karya Ratih Kumala, (2) citra kemiskinan pada novelet Wesel Pos karya Ratih Kumala. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek kajiannya berupa novelet Wesel Pos Karya Ratih Kumala yang menggambarkan kemiskinan yang dihadapi tokoh dalam karya sastra. Teori yang relevan untuk melakukan analisis yaitu teori struktural dan sosiologi sastra. Teori strukturalisme digunakan untuk menganalisis unsur intrinsik yang terkandung pada novelet. Unsur intrinsik terdiri dari tema, tokoh dan penokohan, plot, latar, sudut pandang, gaya bahasa, dan amanat. Sedangkan teori sosiologi sastra digunakan untuk menganalisis kehidupan manusia di lingkungan masyarakat, berkaitan dengan citra kemiskinan. Citra kemiskinan yang digambarkan pada novelet Wesel Pos Karya Ratih Kumala secara garis besar dikelompokkan menjadi gambaran materi, gambaran penghasilan dan gambaran sosial.

 Kata kunci: Novel, Intrinsik, Citra Kemiskinan
PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA (MEAN LENGTH OF UTTERENCE ‘MLU’) RAFATAR MALIK AHMAD PADA USIA TIGA TAHUN DARI SEGI SINTAKSIS
Authors: Dinda Ardiyanti  , Setiawan Hendra
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini dilakukan pada seorang anak yang berusia tiga tahun yang bernama Rafatar Malik Ahmad anak dari pasangan artis Raffi Ahmad dan Nagita Slavina. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pemerolehan bahasa anak-anak dalam sudut pandang sintaksis dan mengetahui tiga ciri utama aspek sintaksis yaitu panjang ayat, struktur sintaksis beserta jumlah tuturan. Teknik kajian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) oleh Brown’s Stages of Development, teknik kajian tersebut digunakan untuk mengetahui dan menentukan tahap perkembangan pada anak-anak. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara mencatat data melalui video di kanal Youtube, metode yang digunakan adalah simak dan catat kemudian dituliskan dan dianalisis. Dari hasil penelelitian diketahui bahwa pemerolehan bahasa anak tersebut rendah dari pada usia seharusnya. Berdasarkan hasil yang ditemukan pada penelitian Rafatar telah mampu bertutur dari kalimat satu kata sampai dengan kalimat enam kata yang berarti Rafatar telah mampu menuturkan kalimat lengkap di usianya tersebut.

Kata kunci: Pemerolehan bahasa, sintaksis, Mean Length of Utterance (MLU), anak.

ABSTRACT

This research was conducted on a three-year-old child named Rafatar Malik Ahmad, the son of the artist couple Raffi Ahmad and Nagita Slavina. The study was conducted to determine children's language acquisition from a syntactic point of view and to find out three main features of the syntactic aspect, namely verse length, syntactic structure and the number of utterances. The study technique used in this study is the Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) by Brown's Stages of Development, the study technique is used to determine and determine the stage of development in children. The data collection technique is done by recording data through videos on the Youtube channel, the method used is to listen and record then write down and analyze. From the results of the study, it is known that the language acquisition of the child is lower than the age it should be. Based on the results found in research, Rafatar has been able to speak from one-word sentences to six-word sentences, which means that Rafatar has been able to speak complete sentences at that age.

Keywords: Language acquisition, syntax, Mean Length of Utterance (MLU), children.
ANALISIS TINDAK TUTUR PODCAST MENJADI MANUSIA PADA APLIKASI SPOTIFY
Authors: Sifa Ranti Sudarman  , Syafroni Roni Nugraha , Suntoko
Published: March 2022

Podcast menjadi salah satu sarana pengembangan dan bukti minat masyarakat untuk berkreasi. Salah satu podcast audio yang hadir di aplikasi streaming music Spotify adalah podcast “Menjadi Manusia”. Sebagian besar tema yang diangkat yakni perihal membangun kepercayaan dan motivasi diri. Mendengarkan podcast dapat menjadi alternatif media mengenali masalah kesehatan mental. Isu yang dibahas dalam podcast “Menjadi Manusia” ini berpotensi memberikan efek atau pengaruh terhadap kondisi mental dan tindakan pendengar setelah mendengarkan podcast tersebut. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan makna dan bentuk-bentuk tindak tutur lokusi, ilokusi, dan perlokusi dalam lima episode podcast “Menjadi Manusia” yang dipublikasikan pada Desember 2020 – Februari 2021. Pendekatan dan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam lima podcast Menjadi Manusia ditemukan 27 fungsi tindak tutur yang terdiri dari 9 asertif, 6 direktif, 1 komisif, 11 ekspresif, dan 1 deklaratif.
KEPRIBADIAN TOKOH KARMAN DALAM NOVEL KUBAH KARYA AHMAD TOHARI: SEBUAH KAJIAN PSIKOANALISIS CARL GUSTAV JUNG
Authors: Juidah Imas , Sultoni Achmad , Bahri Samsul
Published: March 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kepribadian tokoh utama dalam novel Kubah karya Ahmad Tohari berdasarkan kajian psikoanalisis Carl Gustav Jung. Data dalam penelitian ini adalah kata-kata, frasa, kalimat, dan kutipan yang terdapat dalam novel Kubah karya Ahmad Tohari. Sedangkan, sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu novel Kubah karya Ahmad Tohari. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini psssikoanalisis menggunakan teori arketipe dari Carl Gustav Jung menunjukkan bahwa Topeng, Shadow, Anima-animus, dan Self dalam diri tokoh Karman telah menjadi dasar psikologis perilaku Karman dalam menghadapi tantangan hidup. Kekuatan-kekuatan bawah sadar ini membuat tokoh Karman tetap tabah, kokoh, dan berpikir rasional. Ia dapat membuktikan bahwa dirinya ingin memperbaiki diri lagi setelah perbuatan masa lalu yang kurang pantas.
KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK : ALIH KODE DAN CAMPUR KODE DALAM VIDEO PODCAST DEDY CORBUZIER DAN CINTA LAURA
Authors: Suratiningsih Meity , Yeni Cania Puspita
Published: March 2022

Abstrak

Bahasa itu bersifat  arbitrer yakni digunakan untuk berkomunikasi secara manasuka dan dicirikan dengan simbol atau lambang. Seseorang yang tengah berkomunikasi selalu menggunakan alih kode dan campur kode. Salah satunya adalah yang terdapat pada video podcast Dedy Corbuzier. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji alih kode dan campur kode yang digunakan oleh Dedy Corbuzier Bersama bintang tamunya yaitu Cinta Laura yang berjudul “ Cinta Laura kiehl  buat cowo yang mau deketin…” Metode penelitian ini merupakan metode kualitatif yang bersifat dekstiftif analisis.  Dari analisis keduanya terdapat dua Bahasa yang digunakan ketika berkomunikasi tersebut antara lain Indonesia dan Inggris. Dari penggunaan Bahasa ditemukan  ungkapan-ungkapan  yang merupakan alih kode dan campur kode. Alih kode dan campur kode dalam video itu dilatarbelakangi sebab Cinta Laura merupakan artis berdarah campuran ]Indonesia – Jerman yang memang besar dengan menggunakan dua Bahasa.

kata kunci : bilingulaisme, alih kode, campur kode.

 

Abstract

Language is arbitrary, that is, it is used to communicate arbitrarily and is characterized by symbols or symbols. Someone who is communicating always uses code switching and code mixing. One of them is found in Dedy Corbuzier's video podcast. This study aims to examine the code switching and code mixing used by Dedy Corbuzier with his guest star, Cinta Laura, entitled "Love Laura kiehl for guys who want to be close..." This research method is a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. From their analysis, there are two languages ​​used when communicating, including Indonesian and English. From the use of language, it is found that the expressions are code-switching and code-mixing. The code-switching and code-mixing in the video was motivated by the fact that Cinta Laura is an Indonesian-German mixed-blood artist who is really big and uses two languages.

Key word: bilingualism, code mixing, code switching
THE USE OF ROLE PLAY THROUGH IGTV TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL OF HARAPAN UTAMA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL AT BATAM
Authors: Pratiwi Theodesia Lady
Published: March 2022

Speaking is one of the most troublesome expertise to ace. It likewise happens to most of the students in Harapan Utama senior high school in Batam. They have numerous problems communicating in English since they believe that English is not a daily language in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to find out whether Role-play through the IGTV significantly improves students' ability in speaking skills. This study chose 37 students of grade 10 at Harapan Utama senior high school. This survey research tested the hypotheses that have been set. Therefore, this study used the speaking score (Pre-Test & Post-Test) as the research instrument. From the data conducted by one group pretest and posttest design, the data analysis of t-test shows that the value of Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.00 <0.05. Therefore, there is an average difference between Pre-Test and Post-Test learning outcomes. In addition, based on the Interview, some improvements were achieved in the post-test scores, such as pronunciation, vocabulary, and understanding. Thus, to conclude, using roleplaying through IGTV as a classroom teaching technique can improve students’ speaking skills. Last, this research can be useful and used as an additional guide, particularly in improving the ability of students to speak English.
Warna Lokal Mentawai dalam Novel Burung Kayu Karya Niduparas Erlang dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Materi Ajar
Authors: Nurjanah Keukeu , Meliasanti Ferina , Sutri Sutri
Published: March 2022

Karya sastra bukan sekedar teks yang berisi cerita rekaan untuk menghibur, namun memberikan muatan-muatan yang bermanfaat salah satunya yaitu, sosial budaya yang terkandung di dalam karya sastra tersebut. Dalam muatan karya sastra yang paling lekat dengan masyarakat adalah sosial budaya, salah satunya tentang kebudayaan. Kebudayaan di dalam karya sastra dikenal dengan sastra warna lokal. Sastra warna lokal identik dengan ciri khas suatu daerah. Oleh sebab itu Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan warna lokal Mentawai dalam novel Burung Kayu karya Niduparas Erlang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode penelitian deskriptif analitik. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada warna lokal Mentawai dengan pendekatan sosiologi sastra. Adapun hasil dari analisis warna lokal Mentawai yang terdapat dalam novel Burung Kayu karya Niduparas Erlang yaitu, 1) kepercayaan arat Sabulungan. 2) Adat istiadat masyarakat Mentawai: a) Ritual kematian. b) Ritual pelantikan sikerei baru. c) Pengadilan atau tipu sasa. 3) Sistem pengetahuan meramal menggunakan usus ayam dan jantung babi. 4) Kelompok kerabat menganut sistem patrilinear. 5) Pencaharian bahan makanan dengan cara berburu dilakukan oleh laki-laki, sedangkan perempuan melakukan pekerjaan sehari-hari. 6) Kesenian: a) Merajah kulit. b) Tarian muturuk. 8) Alat Transportasi menggunakan perahu kayu yang disebut dengan sampan. hasil dari penelitian warna lokal Mentawai dalam novel Burung Kayu karya Niduparas Erlang dapat memberikan manfaat yang positif bagi peserta didik dan pembaca agar lebih menghargai budaya lokal.
Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa SMP pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Nurhalin Yeremita , Effendi Kiki Nia Sania
Published: March 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa SMP dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan sistem persamaan linear dua variabel. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII di salah satu SMP Negeri Karawang sebanyak 20 siswa. Instrumen pada penelitian ini yaitu soal tes kemampuan penalaran matematis dengan pokok bahasan SPLDV sebanyak 6 soal dalam bentuk uraian. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara memberikan soal tes kemampuan penalaran matematis. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian yang dilaksanakan ini menerapkan dari penelitian Miles dan Huberman dengan terdiri dari reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan penalaran pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel yaitu 4 siswa berkemampuan penalaran matematis tinggi, 14 siswa berkemampuan penalaran matematis sedang, dan 2 siswa berkemampuan penalaran matematis rendah. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa SMP kelas VIII pada sekolah tersebut dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan SPLDV termasuk dalam kategori sedang.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Dalam Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Alzanatul Umam Maryam , Zulkarnaen Rafiq
Published: March 2022

Rendahnya kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis dibuktikan dengan sebagian besar siswa tidak bisa merumuskan ulang solusi dari masalah yang diberikan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa kelas IX dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang berkenaan dengan materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel. Pada penelitian ini digunakannya metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik Simple Random Sampling yang peneliti gunakan untuk memilih subjek penelitian. 13 siswa pada satu MTs di Kabupaten Karawang menjadi subjek penelitian. Instrumen tes dan nontes digunakan pada penelitian ini, tiga soal uraian yang memuat indikator menyatakan kembali sebuah konsep, menyajikan konsep ke dalam representasi matematis, mengaplikasikan konsep algoritma dalam pemecahan masalah. Selanjutnya, untuk  instrument nontes berbentuk wawancara tidak terstruktur untuk mengetahui kesulitan siswa. Berlandaskan pada hasil kajian data yang sudah dilakukan, maka didapatkan persentase siswa yang mampu menyatakan kembali sebuah konsep mencapai 23,08%, menyajikan konsep ke dalam representasi matematis mencapai 53,85%, dan mengaplikasikan konsep algoritma dalam pemecahan masalah mencapai 30,77%. Maka, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa saat mengerjakan soal SPLDV secara keseluruhan tergolong rendah, dengan persentase 35,90%. Faktor penyebab yang turut mempengaruhi pemerolehan rendahnya persentase pemahaman konsep matematis siswa yaitu kurangnya konsentrasi belajar, kebiasaan belajar yang tidak teratur  dan metode pembelajaran yang kurang menarik.
Two Complement Views Toward Disease Development: Clinical and Prevention Perspectives
Authors:   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Shakiba Maryam
Published: March 2022

The principle of natural history of disease is essential to conceptualize disease entities and ways of intervention. In this regard, two complement views can be used in depicting the whole spectrum of the disease called as clinical and preventive perspectives. In this editorial, the two views have discussed with their implication toward creating healthy communities.
Association Between Virtual Social Networks and Health-Promoting Lifestyles in Medical University Students
Authors:   Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Rahimi Fatemeh , Pouresmaeil Mahnaz ,   Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Rafiei Fatemeh ,   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hazrati- Meimaneh Zahra ,   South Tehran Health Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Sabeti Farahnaz ,   South Tehran Health Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Amini Najmolmolook ,   Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Borjalilu Somaieh ,   Department of Virtualization, Virtual School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Medical students make extensive use of virtual social networks, especially in the era of the coronavirus pandemic, so that their health-promoting behaviors may be adversely affected. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the use of virtual social networks and a health-promoting lifestyle among postgraduate medical students. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among post-graduate students studying at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2020. A total of 240 students were included using quota sampling method. Data were collected via valid and reliable questionnaires consisting of socio-demographic information, health-promoting lifestyle Profile-II, and virtual social networks utilization. The spearman test was employed to evaluate the association between virtual social networks and lifestyle. Results: The mean age of participants was 32.21±7.45 and 75.4% were female. The mean score of lifestyle was 138.28±21.18, while the mean score of virtual social networks utilization was (64.55±11.40). There was a statistically significant correlation between utilization of virtual social networks and total score of lifestyle (r=-0.189, P=0.003), as well as physical activity (r=-0.232, P=0.001), nutrition (r=-0.179, P=0.005), and self-actualization (r=-0.154 , P=0.017) of health promoting lifestyle. Linear regression model showed that utilization of internet and social networks (B=-0.37, P=0.02), utilization in the time between 12 pm and 8 am (B=-14.3, P=0.011) were independently associated with Health Promoting Lifestyle score. Conclusion: This study showed that more than half of students had a healthy lifestyle (55%). The average score of virtual social networks used by students was high. Utilization of internet and the time of utilization were independent predictors of Health Promoting Lifestyle score.
Assessing the Preparedness of Hospitals in Ardabil Province During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Medicine and Paramedical Sciences, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran., Kamran Aziz , Asadi Hosein ,   Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran., Ershadifard Solmaz ,   Department of Internal Nursing and Surgery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran., Hamidi Raheleh ,   Department of Health Information Technology, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran., Rezapour Ali ,   Department of Public Administration, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Hospitals, as the most important medical institutions, must be adequately prepared before accidents to cope with emergencies and provide rapid response to disasters. This study aimed to determine the preparedness of hospitals in Ardabil Province during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study, and the study population included all hospitals in Ardabil Province, Iran (17 hospitals in total). The data collection tool was a standard checklist of 92 questions for COVID-19 Crisis Preparedness issued by the Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (the Pearson correlation analysis) in SPSS software v. 22. Results: The mean relative score of preparation for the COVID-19 pandemic was 80.27% among the hospitals in the province. In the studied hospitals, the relative scores of preparedness were as follows: leadership and coordination, 92.64%, resource management, 94.36%; information management, 79.90%; communications, 77.94%; human resources, 77.69%; surge-capacity, 86.55%; rapid identification, 57.18%; diagnosis, 71.32%; isolation and patient management, 81.09%; and infection prevention and control, 84.05%. Conclusion: The level of hospital preparedness in most dimensions (9 out of 10 dimensions) was good, and only in the area of ​​rapid identification was at a moderate level. However, further evaluation is needed at different stages of an epidemic.
COVID-19: 12 Tips for Crisis Management
Authors:   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Yari Arezoo , Motlagh Mohamad Esmaeil ,   Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur, University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran., Zarezadeh Yadolah ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Dear Editor Biological events can rapidly spread throughout the world. The COVID-19 pandemic once again affirmed that the emergence of infectious agents could occur anytime and anywhere worldwide due to international travels and commercial relationships [1]. The pandemic of COVID-19 showed that despite the advances in medical sciences, the outbreak of unknown diseases is probable at any time [2].
Improving Effect of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Tanacetum Parthenium Against Brain Oxidative Damage in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizure Model in Mice
Authors:   Medicinal Plants Pharmacology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Asgharzadeh Fereshteh , Hosseini Mahmoud ,   Psychiatric and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Beheshti Farimah ,   Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran., Rakhshandeh Hassan ,   Medicinal Plants Pharmacology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Mansouri Somaieh ,   Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Anaeigoudari Akbar ,   Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Aims Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of seizures. In this study, we investigated the effect of ethyl acetate fraction of Tanacetum parthenium against oxidative brain damage in a pentylenetetrazole(PTZ)-induced seizure model in mice. Methods & Materials In this experimental study, mice were divided into 6 groups: control, PTZ, and 4 other groups that, besides PTZ, received 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of the fraction. PTZ (100 mg/kg) and a fraction (30 min before PTZ) were administered intraperitoneally for 3 weeks. Delay in the onset of the minimal clonic seizure (MCS), generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS), and the level of oxidative stress indexes in cortical and hippocampal tissues were measured. Findings Pretreatment with fraction resulted in postponing the onset seizures in the Fraction+PTZ groups compared to the PTZ group (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001). In addition, all doses of ethyl acetate fraction decreased the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the level of tom thiol groups and the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes in the brain tissues compared to the PTZ group. Conclusion Ethyl acetate fraction of Tanacetum parthenium attenuated PTZ-stimulated seizures through improving brain tissue oxidative stress.
Celebrating 50 Years of Occupational Therapy in Iran
Authors:   President, World Federation of Occupational Therapists (WFOT), London, United Kingdom., Shann Samantha
Published: March 2022

Celebrating milestones is important. It provides a means of reflection and opportunity to give thanks to those that have come before us and as such fifty years of occupational therapy in Iran is a very worthy milestone to acknowledge. As we pause to celebrate this achievement, we take a moment to reflect on the journey to date, recognizing the accomplishments of many.
Removal of 1-naphthol from Water via Photocatalytic Degradation Over N,S-TiO2/ Silica Sulfuric Acid under visible Light
Authors:   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Mahmoodi Farhad , Jalilzadeh Yengejeh Reza ,   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran., Tirgir Farhang ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran., Sadeghi Mehraban ,   Department of Environmental Engineering, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background: Naphthol, one of the naphthalene derivatives, is the most significant industrial chemical. It is widely used in the biochemical processes, production of dyes, and pharmaceutical industries. Methods: In the present study, N, S-doped TiO2 thin film immobilized on Silica Sulfuric Acid (SSA) glass Microspheres (MS) was investigated as a novel high efficient photocatalyst. We fabricated N, S-doped TiO2 immobilized on SSA using a simple modified sol-gel process. Its photocatalytic activities were then assessed by 1-naphthol solution in the presence of visible light. The physicochemical properties of photocatalyst were characterized using Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images, and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) pattern. Results: According to the obtained results, the optimal pH, time, concentration, and removal efficiency of 1-naphthol for N, S-doped TiO2 /SSA were 5, 50 min, 25 mg/L, and 92.12%. Conclusion: The present study confirms the usability of the immobilized N, S-doped TiO2 on SSA glass MS as a novel, effective, and efficient technique for treating wastewater containing 1-naphthol under visible light.
Comparing the Effectiveness of Schema Therapy and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) on Health-Promoting Lifestyle (HPL) and Quality of Life (QoL) in HIV/AIDS Patients
Authors:   Department of Psychology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran., Hemmati Sabet Vahid , Hoseini Saeedeh Alsadat ,   Department of Psychology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran., Afsharinia1 Karim ,   Department of Psychology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran., Arefi Mokhtar ,   Department of Psychology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Background and Aim: The main objective of the current study was to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) on health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) and quality of life (QoL) of HIV/AIDS patients. Methods & Materials: The current study was an experimental study based on a pre-test-post-test design with a control group, and based on the objectives, it can be considered an applied study. The statistical population of the study included all HIV patients monitored by behavioral disorders clinics of the Healthcare Organization Centers in Hamedan County in Iran in 2019-2020. Using simple random sampling method, 45 patients were randomly selected from Shohada Clinic in Hamedan as the sample of the study, followed by randomly assigning them to three 15-member groups, i.e., two intervention groups and a control group. In order to measure the research variables, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) (1987) and the Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36, 2001) were utilized. The obtained data were analyzed using ANCOVA in SPSS v. 12. Ethical Considerations: The Ethics Committee of Hamedan University of Medical Sciences approved the study (Code: IR.UMSHA.REC.1398.1063). This study has been registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (Code: IRCT20120215009014N348). Results: The results of ANCOVA indicate that schema therapy and DBT affect HPL and quality of life, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P‌<‌0.001). Conclusion: The results show that while both therapy methods affect the selected variables, schema therapy is more effective than DBT on HPL and Quality of Life (QoL).
Predictors of Perceived Caregiving Burden among Caregivers of Elderly Dialysis Patients
Authors:   Student Research Committee, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Taherkhani Mahdie , Mohammadi Fatemeh ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of NonCommunicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Rashvand Farnoosh ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of NonCommunicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Motalebi Seyedeh Ameneh ,   Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of NonCommunicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
Published: March 2022

Objectives: Elderly patients are the largest and fastest growing group of patients under dialysis and their caregivers are faced with high burden care. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the predictors of caregiver burden among caregivers of older patients under hemodialysis residing in Qazvin province, Iran. Methods & Materials: This cross-sectional study was conducted on caregivers older patients under hemodialysis in 2020. The caregivers were selected by census method among eligible caregivers of older patients under hemodialysis referring to dialysis centers of Qazvin Province, Iran. Data were collected using the demographic checklists, Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) in Care, Bartell Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), and Religious Coping Scale (RCOPE). The collected data were analyzed by a multivariable regression model in SPSS software v. 23. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of 252 caregivers and older patients were 44.9±13.16 and 69.4±7.7 years old, respectively. The results of multivariate analyses showed that significant predictors of caregiver burden were perceived social support (β=0.333, P<0.05), disability (β:-0.137, P<0.05), health status (β=0.154, P=0.010), and financial level (β=0.154, P=0.010). As the caregiver burden was decreased by increasing the social support and decreasing the rate of disability. Furthermore, the caregivers with higher financial levels and better health status reported lower caregiver burden. Conclusion: It can be concluded that enhancement of social support and more attention to the health of caregivers as potential patients are important factors for reduction of caregiver burden care.
Effects of Different Stitch Types and Stitch Combinations on the Seam Bursting Strength and Seam Strength of Workwear
Authors: KARA Şükran
Published: March 2022

Workwears are produced to protect the wearer against occupational or environmental hazards. One of the shared properties of several workwear types is resisting external forces during occupation. As for workwear fabrics, the seams of the workwear should be strong enough to resist uniaxial or multiaxial forces to maintain the properties in the cut and sewn parts of the garment. Therefore, in this study, effects of different stitch types and their combinations on the workwear seam and bursting strengths were evaluated. According to results, a 2-step failure was observed at the seam strength tests of samples those contained stitch combinations. Here, the main function of the second stitch row was to form a safety stitch rather than increasing the overall performance. Contrarily, usage of stitch combinations obviously contributed to the seam bursting strengths. In this case, the stitch rows responded to the bursting forces together therefore the bursting failures occurred in 1-step.
A Novel Approach for Optimum Planning of Bobbin Boilers in Textile Industry
Authors: DEMİR Yunus , İNAN Kemal
Published: March 2022

As in all sectors, fierce competition across the world deeply affects the textile industry. With the addition of new players to the market day by day, the competition is getting more and more intense. In today's world, where the price is determined by the customer, not by the manufacturer, it is an inevitable necessity for companies to reduce their costs in order to survive by maintaining their profitability. This only depends on the efficient use of resources. In this article, a productivity study has been carried out for the bobbin (package) dyeing process, which is one of the important elements of the textile industry. In this study, which was carried out practically in Bursalı Tekstil LTD. ŞTİ, the problem of sequencing the batches waiting to be dyed in dye boilers is discussed. It is necessary to wash the boilers between batches of different colors that are dyed consecutively within certain constraints. In addition, the due dates of these yarn batches must be respected. With the solution methods presented, it is aimed to sequence the batches in a way that requires the least washing and minimizes the total tardiness. Developed integer linear model and iterative greedy based heuristics were first tested with randomly generated test problems. In addition, it has been tested with six months of actual data of the bobbin dyeing department of the relevant company. According to the manual sorting, 17% improvement has been achieved in terms of the number of boiler washes and 13% in terms of total tardiness.
Colonial Representation of Caribbean in Rosaline Bacchus’ Haiku Poems
Authors: Astuti Epata Puji , Iskarna Tatang
Published: March 2022

The Caribbean has a long history which is reflected in their literature. The existence of Haiku poems in Caribbean literature is an interesting thing to be analyzed. The object of this research is Haiku poems written by a Caribbean poet, Rosaline Bacchus. A Haiku poem is a short poem originally from Japan, usually consisting of 5-7-5 or 5-7-5-7-7 syllables. Although it is a short poem, Haiku can depict the reality and experience of Caribbean people. This research aims to describe the diction and imagery that appear in Rosaline Bacchus’s Haiku poems and to reveal the colonial representation in the poems. The researcher uses the explication theory to analyze the diction and imagery and postcolonial theory to reveal the colonial representation inside the poems. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The textual analysis method is used to find out the meaning of each line of the poem. From the analysis, it can be seen that the diction of the Haiku poems is dominated by denotative and concrete words. Denotative and concrete words help the poet to describe the situation during the Caribbean’s colonization explicitly. Besides, the poems are also dominated by visual, auditory, and kinesthetic imagery. The imagery and the diction bring the reader to feel the reality that happened during the colonization era. The researchers hope that this research will give positive contributions to the development of literature, especially Island studies.
Role of Total Productive Maintenance Application for Increasing the Efficiency of Timber Processing Production
Authors: Sitohang Rasmi , Tambun Bungaran , Sinaga Joslen
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out the Role of total productive maintenance application for increasing the efficiency of timber processing production. The method of research is using TPM and OEE. The highest OEE value on the Under Cut machine is 71.91%, Thicknesses = 76.93, Surface Planner = 75.06 %, Six Drill = 69.62 %, Double-end = 86.50 %, spindle Moulder 85.21%, single shaper 72.85%, and automatic Round Dowel machine = 80.63 %. If the eight machines have OEE, there are 2 machines that reach the optimum condition, namely OEE > 85 %. While others are under optimum conditions. The factors that contributed the most so that the ideal OEE value was not achieved during the period Mei-July 2020 and became the main priority for elimination by the company on the Under Cut machine were the Indling factor and Minor Stoppages Loss of 46.83%, reduced speed loss of 29.23% on the Thicknesser factor machine. The dominant ones are Idling and Minor Stoppages loss 44.63% reduced speed loss 17.12%, then meisn 40.11%, then Reduced Speed ​​71.72%.
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN MANGKOKAN (Nothopanax scutellarium) TERHADAP StaphylococcusaureusdanPseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Primadiamanti Annisa , Winahyu Diah Astika , Ramadhana Yunda Taqqiyah
Published: March 2022

Daun mangkokan merupakan salah satu jenis tanaman hias perkarangan yang berasal dari golongan Magnoliophyta (tanaman berbunga) yang sering dimanfaatkan untuk mengobati luka, rambut rontok, dan bau badan. Daun mangkokan mengandung senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antiinflamasi, antimikroba, dan antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak daun mangkokan terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureusdan Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ekstrak daun mangkokan ini didapat dari maserasi serbuk daun mangkokan dengan pelarut etanol 96%. Uji antimikroba ekstrak daun mangkokan terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureusdan Pseudomonas aeruginosadilakukan menggunakan metode difusi agar melalui pengukuran zona hambat disekitar kertas cakram. Antibiotik yang digunakan sebagai kontrol positif yaitu tetrasiklin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa ekstrak daun mangkokan terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureusdengan konsentrasi 20.000 ppm, 40.000 ppm tidak membentuk zona hambatan dan membentuk zona hambatan pada konsentrasi 60.000 ppm, 80.000 ppm, dan 100.000 ppm dengan diameter rata-rata hambatan sebesar 7,70 mm, 15,11 mm dan 15,69 mm. Sedangkan pada bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosaekstrak daun mangkokan dengan konsentrasi 20.000 ppm, 40.000 ppm, 60.000 ppm, 80.000 ppm, dan 100.000 ppm tidak menghasilkan zona hambat (wilayah jernih). Hasil pengujian daya hambat ekstrak etanol daun mangkokan terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureusmemiliki aktivitas antibakteri dengan kategori sedang hingga kuat, sedangkan terhadap bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosatidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri.Kata Kunci:Antibakteri, Daun Mangkokan, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ANALISIS KANDUNGAN NATRIUM NITRIT PADA DAGING SAPI OLAHANDENGAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS
Authors: Ulfa Ade Maria , Nofita Nofita , Lutfiana Anisa
Published: March 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang analisis kandungan natrium nitrit pada daging sapi olahan dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat sampel daging sapi olahan yang diperoleh dari online shopesecara Purposive Samplingsehingga diperoleh sampel B, C, K dan S. Untuk mengetahui adanya natrium nitrit dalam daging sapi olahan dilakukan analisis kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Pada pengujian kualitatif dengan metode reaksi pengendapan menggunakan baku pembanding didapat endapan kristalin putih, dan diperoleh hasil bahwa semua sampel mengandung pengawet natrium nitrit. Pada penetapan kadar natrium nitrit dengan metode Spektrofotometri UV-Visibel. Metode ini didasarkan pada reaksi diazotasi antara asam sulfanilat oleh asam nitrit yang diikuti reaksi pengikat dengan naftilendiamin membentuk suatu senyawa yang berwarna dan diukur absorbansinya padapanjang gelombang maksimum 545 nm, diperoleh persamaan garis regresi linier yaitu Y = 0,7538 . X -0,0050 dengan koefisien korelasi (r) yaitu 0,99989. Kadar rata-rata natrium nitrit dari sampel B 1,81 mg/kg, sampel C 0,85 mg/kg, sampel K 0,38 mg/kg, dan sampel S 2,19 mg/kg. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari keempat sampel tersebut diperoleh hasil yang memenuhi batasmaksimum penggunaan natrium nitrit sesuai dengan Peraturan Kepala BPOM RI Nomor 36 Tahun 2013 yaitu sebesar 30 mg/kg.Kata kunci :Natrium nitrit, daging sapi olahan, reaksi pengendapan,Spektrofotometri UV-Vis.
EVALUASI MUTU TABLET ASAM MEFENAMAT GENERIK DAN TABLET ASAM MEFENAMAT MERK DAGANG
Authors: Santoso Niken Feladita , Tutik Tutik , Hidayanti Ika
Published: March 2022

Saat ini banyak masyaratakat yang lebih memilih obat merk dibandingkan obat generik. obat dengan zat aktif yang sama akan memberikan efek terapi yang sama sesuai kadarnya. Hasil uji dengan metode spektrofotometri UV-Visiblekeseragaman bobot untuk tablet generik penyimpangan kolom A 682,5 mg dan Kolom B 715 mg sedangkan untuk penyimpangan tablet merk dagang kolom A 841,05 mg dan kolom B 881 mg. Hasil uji organoleptis tablet generik memiliki rasa pahit, tidak berbau, warna kuning terang dan berbentuk lonjong sedangkan untu merk dagang memiliki rasa pahit agak sedikit manis, memliki bau, warna kuning pucat dan berbentuk lonjong. Hasil uji keseragaman ukuran untuk tablet generik diameter tablet 0,6 mm dan memiliki panjang 1,5cm sedangkan merk dagang diamter generik 0,78 mm dan panjang 1,8 cm. Hasil uji disolusi untu tablet generik pada menit ke 12,25 menit sedangkan merk dagang 30,5 menit. Hasil validasi penetapan kadar tablet generik 3,838 mg/L sedangkan merk dagang 3,840 mg/L. Hasil uji profil disolusi tablet generik menit ke-5 (1,602%), ke-10 (2,614%), ke-15 (1,638%), ke-30 (1,698%), ke-45 (1,704%), ke-60 (1,715%) sedangkan untuk merk dagang menit ke-5 (2,150%), ke-10 (2,258%), ke-15 (2,276%), ke-30 (2,297%), ke-45(2,333%), ke-60 (2,354%). Kata kunci: Asam Mefenamat, Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Visible.
UJI ADSORBEN LIMBAH KULIT SINGKONG TERHADAP ION LOGAM Pb (TIMBAL) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI SERAPAN ATOM
Authors: Purnama Robby Candra , Primadiamanti Annisa , Yanti Fitri
Published: March 2022

Permasalahan –permasalahan lingkungan banyak mendapat perhatian akhir –akhir ini, terutama terhadap kehadiran polutan beracun yang dihasilkan oleh berbagai kegiatan manusia khususnya jenis logam berat salah satunya adalah Pb. Salah satu cara penanganan pencemaran logam berat adalah dengan memanfaatkan prinsip variasi massa adsorben dan waktu kontak dengan menggunakan kulit singkong yang memiliki kandungan protein, sellulosa non-reduksi, serat kasar yang tinggi dan HCN (asam sianida). Komponen –komponen tersebut mengandung gugus –OH, –NH2, –SH dan –CN yang dapat mengikat logam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan dari kulit singkong dalam menyerap ion logam Timbal (Pb) pada konsentrasi 10 ppm yang di analisis dengan metode Spetrofotometri Serapan Atom pada panjang gelombang 283.28 nm, dan menggunakan dua variasi yaitu Variasi 1 (1 g adsorben kulit singkong dalam waktu kontak 30 dan 60 menit), Variasi 2 (1,5 g adsorben kulit singkong dalam waktu kontak 30 dan 60 menit. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan terlihat peningkatan efisiensi penyerapan seiring semakin lamanya waktu kontak antara adsorben dengan ion logam Timbal (Pb). Dengan efisensi penyerapan terbesar pada waktu kontak 60 menit pada variasi kedua dengan nilai efisensi penyerapan pada masing –masing variasi adalah sebesar 95,09 % dan 96,30 %. Dari 2 variasi tersebut didapatkan penyerapan terbaik ion logam Timbal (Pb) yaitu pada variasi 2 dengan massa adsorben 1,5 gr dan waktu kontak 60 menit dengan konsentrasi ion terserap 9,1372 mg/l dan efisiensi penyerapan sebesar 96,30 %. Kata Kunci :Kulit singkong, Logam Pb, Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom.
IDENTIFIKASI HIDROKUINON DALAM SABUN PEMUTIH PEMBERSIH WAJAH DI TIGA KLINIK KECANTIKAN DENGAN METODE KROMATOGRAFI LAPIS TIPIS DAN SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-Vis
Authors: Agustin Risna , Oktaviantari Destiana Eka , Feladita Niken
Published: March 2022

Sabun cair merupakan sediaan pembersih kulit berbentuk cair yang terbuat dari bahan sabun dengan penambahan bahan-bahan yang diinginkan. Hidrokuinon yang ditambahkan secara berlebih dalam sabun cair seperti sabun pemutih pembersih wajah dapat menyebabkan hiperpigmentasi pada kulit. Penggunaan hidrokuinon menurut peraturan BPOM termasuk golongan obat keras yang hanya dapat digunakan berdasarkan resep dokter. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hidrokuinon pada sabun pemutih pembersih wajah yang dijual pada tiga klinik kecantikan di Bandar Lampung. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling.Sampel diuji secara kualitatif dengan metode kromatografi lapis tipis dan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Prinsip Kromatografi Lapis Tipis yaitu pemisahan senyawa multi komponen dengan menggunakan dua fase yaitu fase diam dan fase gerak.Fase diam yang digunakan yaitu silika gel GF 254 nm dan fase gerak yang digunakan yaitu toluen dan asam asetat glasial (8:2). Hasil nilai selisih Rf dinyatakan positif jika ≤ 0,05 dan dinyatakan negatif jika hasil nilai Rf ˃ 0,05. Diperoleh hasil dari ketiga sampel tersebut ketiganya negatif mengandung zat hidrokuinon dikarenakan nilai selisih Rf ≥ 0,05 dengan hasil Rf baku 0, 07 dan selisih Rf masing-masing sampel A = 0,185 B = 0,185 C = 0, Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan membandingkan spektrum larutan baku dengan sampel, diperoleh hasil negatif pada ketiga sampel karena gambar spektrum larutan baku dan sampel tidak identik.Kata Kunci : Sabun Pemutih Pembersih Wajah, Hidrokuinon, Klinik Kecantikan, Kromatografi Lapis Tipis, Spektrofotometri UV-Vis.
Systematic Analysis of the Theses Conducted in the Field of Classroom Teaching in Turkey
Authors: GİRMEN Pınar , KILIÇ Zeynep , KAYA Mehmet Fatih
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this study was to reveal the bibliometric and contextual features and problems of postgraduate theses (master's and doctoral theses) made in the field of classroom teaching in Turkey between 2010-2019. The study was carried out with content analysis method, which is one of the synthesis research methods. The scope of the study included 1083 postgraduate theses related to classroom teaching in the database of the Higher Education Council (HEC) National Thesis Center (NTC). In determining the theses to be included in the scope of the study, the following criteria were taken into account: the theses would be related to classroom teaching, and the publication date of the theses would be between 2010-2019. Data analysis in content analysis research is different from qualitative data analysis. In this study, which was carried out with content analysis, firstly, the theses were handled as the analysis unit. The basic features of the theses were digitized, and codes and categories were determined to examine the theses in depth. Out of 1083 postgraduate theses examined, 956 of them were master's theses, and 127 were doctoral theses. With 181 theses, the year with the most theses was 2019. The year with the fewest theses was 2017. In the theses examined, it was seen that the course of "Turkish Language" was studied most, and the course of "Free Time Activities" was studied least. In addition, it was revealed that there were mistakes in method, sampling, data collection tool and content in some of the theses examined.