bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Accuracy of Okulix Ray-Tracing Software in Calculating Intraocular Lens Power in the Long Cataractous Eyes
Authors: Jamali Alireza , Jabbarvand Mahmoud , Asharlous Amir , Doostdar Asgar , Bordbar Soodeh , Khabazkhoob Mehdi
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To investigate the accuracy of Okulix ray-tracing software in calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power in the long cataractous eyes and comparing the results with those obtained from Kane, Holladay 1 with optimized constant, SRK/T with optimized constant, Haigis with optimized constant, and Barret Universal 2 formulas.

Methods:

The present study evaluates the refractive results of cataract surgery in 85 eyes with axial length > 25 mm and no history of ocular surgery and corneal pathology. IOL power calculation was performed using the Okulix software. The performances of Okulix software in comparison with the five other formulas were evaluated by predicted error, mean absolute error, and mean numerical error 6 months after surgery.

Results:

The mean calculated IOL power by the Okulix software was +13.48 ± 4.19 diopter (D). The mean of the 6-month postoperative sphere and spherical equivalent were +0.18 ± 0.63 and -0.34 ± 0.78 D, respectively. Also, the 6-month spherical equivalent in 56.6% and 80% of eyes were within ±0.05 and ±1.00 D, respectively. The predicted error (P < 0.001) and the mean numerical error (P < 0.001) were different between the six studied methods; however, we were not able to find any significant differences in the mean absolute error among six studied methods (P: 0.211).

Conclusion:

The present study showed acceptable performance of the Okulix software in IOL power calculation in long eyes in comparison with the other five methods based on the postoperative refractive error, calculated mean absolute error, and mean numerical error.
Vision-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Inherited Retinal Dystrophies
Authors: Shojaei Saeideh , Sabbaghi Hamideh , Mehrabi Yadollah , Daftarian Narsis , Etemad Koorosh , Ahmadieh Hamid
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To evaluate the effect of inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) on vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) among IRDs' patients in Iran.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 192 patients with different types of IRDs who were randomly selected from registered patients in the Iranian National Registry for Inherited Retinal Dystrophy (IRDReg®). All ophthalmic findings were collected based on the recorded data in IRDReg®. Moreover, the eligible participants were interviewed to fill out the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25) to assess their VRQoL. Ordinal logistic regression was used to evaluate the possible association of the different clinical and nonclinical factors such as demographic information, socioeconomic status, and visual function with VRQoL.

Results:

The overall mean of a composite score of VRQoL was 45. All subscales obtained from the NEI VFQ-25 questionnaire except general health, mental health, and ocular pain had a significant negative correlation with logMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and near visual acuity variables. There was a statistically significant relationship between VRQoL and factors like age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.94), employment status (OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.05–4.74), logMAR BCVA (OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.19–0.49) and normal color vision (OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.74–5.01).

Conclusion:

The VRQoL of patients with IRDs in this study was low. BCVA could be an indicator to show VRQoL.
Repeatability of Corneal Densitometry Measurements Using a Scheimpflug Camera in Healthy Normal Corneas
Authors: Pakbin Mojgan , Khabazkhoob Mehdi , Pakravan Mohammad , Fotouhi Akbar , Jafarzadehpur Ebrahim , Aghamirsalim Mohamadreza , Hashemi Hassan
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To determine the repeatability of corneal densitometry measured by the Scheimpflug imaging system.

Methods:

This cross-sectional study was conducted on photorefractive keratectomy candidates. One eye of each participant underwent imaging using Pentacam HR three times, 10 min apart. The repeatability of densitometry measurements was evaluated in four concentric annuli around the corneal apex and in different corneal depths. The repeatability of the measurements was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), repeatability coefficient (RC), and coefficient of variation (CV). The difference of repeatability between layers and zones was tested by tolerance index (TI).

Results:

Sixty eyes of sixty patients with a mean age of 27.76 ± 3.93 years were studied. Half of the participants were female (n = 30, 50%). ICC was above 0.9 in all corneal parts. The posterior layer and central zones showed the least variability of densitometry measurements considering the CV values. The RC was 2.06, 1.17, and 0.92 in anterior, central, and posterior layers, respectively. The RC was 0.88, 0.71, 1.51, and 4.56 in 0–2, 2–6, 6–10, and 10–12 mm circles, respectively. Only the reliability of densitometry in 10–12 mm annulus was statistically lower than the central zone (TI = 0.71).

Conclusions:

Corneal densitometry measurements provided by the Pentacam had good repeatability. The repeatability of densitometry measurements decreased from the center to the periphery (with an exception for 0–2 mm and 2–6 mm) and from the posterior to the anterior of the cornea. The reliability of the 10–12 mm zone was markedly less than other zones.
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes of Intravitreal Bevacizumab and Aflibercept in Type 1 Prethreshold Retinopathy of Prematurity in Posterior Zone Ii
Authors: Milani Amir Eftekhari , Bagheri Masood , Niyousha Mohamad Reza , Rezaei Leila , Hazeri Somayyeh , Safarpoor Samad , Abdollahi Maryam
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection (IVI) of bevacizumab (IVB) versus aflibercept (IVA) in premature infants with type 1 prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the posterior Zone II.

Methods:

The study was a multicenter, historical cohort of premature newborns diagnosed with type 1 prethreshold ROP in the posterior Zone II, treated with IVB or IVA. Demographic features, complications, and treatment outcomes were then compared between the two groups.

Results:

Seventy-six patients received aflibercept (the IVA group), and 210 received bevacizumab (the IVB group). The two groups were not significantly different in terms of postmenstrual age (PMA) at the time of ROP diagnosis and other known risk factors for ROP development and progression. All eyes in both the groups responded to IVI; however, recurrence was observed in four eyes (1.9%) in the IVB group and 12 (15.8%) in the IVA group (P = 0.001). Recurrence occurred 9.1 ± 0.83 (5–12) and 15.5 ± 0.98 (12–18) weeks after primary treatment in the IVB and IVA groups, respectively (P = 0.000). In the IVA group, retinal vascularization was completed in 38.18 ± 6.5 weeks (21–48) after IVI, and it happened in 23.86 ± 9.3 weeks (13–60) in the IVB group (P = 0.009). Furthermore, vascularization reached the peripheral retina in 73.25 ± 6.5 (56–84) and 58.75 ± 8.8 (45–93) weeks, PMA in the IVA and IVB groups, respectively (P = 0.03). No acute postoperative complications were observed in the treated eyes in either group.

Conclusion:

This study shows that both IVA and IVB are effective and well tolerated for the management of type 1 prethreshold ROP in the posterior Zone II; however, IVA needs a significantly longer time for vascularization completion and has a higher recurrence rate compared with IVB.
Retrobulbar Short Posterior Ciliary Artery Hemodynamics in Patients with Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Dogan Nese Cetin , Ozdemir Nusret , Aikimbaev Kairgeldy , Ciloglu Emine
Published: August 2022

Purpose:

To investigate retrobulbar blood flow changes in the short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCAs) in patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG) and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods:

In this prospective study, there were 22 eyes in the PEG group, 28 eyes in the POAG group, and 28 eyes with senile cataract in the control group. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean velocity (Vm), and resistivity index (RI) parameters of the temporal and nasal SPCAs were compared between the study groups.

Results:

Mean temporal PSV, EDV, and Vm value were significantly lower in both the POAG group and the PEG group (P = 0.049, P = 0.004, P = 0.020), respectively. Temporal SPCA RI values were not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.115).

Conclusion:

There are retrobulbar blood flow changes in glaucomatous compared to nonglaucomatous eyes. However, SPCAs blood flow characteristics are similar between PEG and POAG subtypes.
Clinical and Angiographic Characteristics of Coronary Artery Ectasia and Its Correlation with High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Serum Uric Acid
Authors: Parvathareddy Krishna Mala Konda Reddy , Maale Saitej Reddy , Nagula Praveen , Ravi Srinivas , Rayapu Monica Rachana , Balla Naga Venkata Raghava
Published: August 2022

Introduction:

The most plausible factor for coronary artery ectasia (CAE), a subset of coronary artery disease (CAD), is extensive inflammation. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and serum uric acid (sUA) are well known markers of inflammation. Most of the previous studies (done in the Western population and of Middle East Asia) evaluated their role individually as a marker of inflammation in CAD. We aimed to investigate the possible association of isolated CAE with inflammation as assessed by the hs-CRP and sUA levels and check whether the inflammatory hypothesis holds good in the south Asian population.

Materials and Methods:

Patients admitted for coronary angiography with age ≥30 years were evaluated. Patients with both CAE and CAD were excluded. A total of 60 patients were studied. Patients with isolated CAE (30) were compared with an equal number of patients with obstructive CAD (30) and their clinical profile was studied. The hs-CRP, sUA, and novel inflammatory markers such as neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), and red cell distribution width (RDW) were compared between the groups.

Results:

Of the 60 patients studied, males were 56% in the isolated CAE group and 50% in the obstructive CAD group. The hs-CRP (2.39 ± 0.41 vs. 1.41 ± 0.29, P < 0.001) and sUA levels (6.46 ± 0.58 vs. 5.36 ± 0.40, P < 0.001) were significantly elevated in the isolated CAE group compared to the obstructive CAD group. Among the novel inflammatory markers, the NLR (3.98 ± 0.42 vs. 2.91 ± 0.30, P < 0.001) and RDW (12.69 ± 0.27 vs. 12.13 ± 0.48, P < 0.001) were significantly higher in the CAE group compared to obstructive CAD group, whereas the MPV did not have a statistically significant difference (9.5 ± 0.98 vs. 9.6 ± 1.08, P = 0.525).

Conclusion:

The inflammatory etiology of CAE was supported by an elevated hs-CRP, sUA, and other novel inflammatory markers compared to the atherosclerotic obstructive CAD group.
Mycotic Coronary Aneurysm
Authors: Malani Susheel K , Wadhokar Pratik Satyajit , Patil Rajendra V , Nalawade Digvijay D
Published: August 2022

Coronary artery aneurysms are extremely rare, major causative factors associated with this condition are atherosclerosis, trauma, connective tissue disorders, vasculitis, idiopathic, mycotic, and congenital. We present a case of a 49-year-old male who underwent primary angioplasty for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction and presented with chest pain, fresh ST elevation, and fever after 10 days of the index procedure. The patient was suspected to have subacute stent thrombosis along with some infective pathology. However, work up did not reveal any systemic localization, and blood cultures were negative. Coronary angiogram showed aneurysm of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) with Grade 3 thrombus in the proximal part of stent with thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) II antegrade flow. A two-dimensional echo revealed mild left ventricular dysfunction with moderate pericardial effusion. Cardiac positron emission tomography scan confirmed the suspicion of a stent-related mycotic aneurysm. Therefore, the patient was managed with intravenous antibiotics, antiplatelets, and low-molecular-weight heparin, followed by newer oral anticoagulants.
The SGLT2 Inhibitor Empagliflozin in Patients Hospitalized for Acute Heart Failure a Multinational Randomized Trial (The EMPULSE Trial)
Authors: Sardar Souvik
Published: August 2022

The EMPULSE trial was a randomized, double-blind, intention-to-treat trial that screened 566 patients, hospitalized for acute heart failure (HF). It showed that empagliflozin is effective and safe in patients admitted as decompensated chronic HF or de novo HF irrespective of baseline ejection fraction (EF).
Comparison of pain and extent of anesthesia in digital blocks for isolated finger lacerations
Authors: Jarragh Ali , Lari Ali , Burhamah Waleed , Alherz Mohammed , Nouri Abdullah , Alshammari Yahia , Al-Jasim Ameer , AlRefai Sulaiman , Alnusif Naser
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVES:

Digital injuries are among the most common presentations to the emergency department. In order to sufficiently examine and manage these injuries, adequate, prompt, and predictable anesthesia is essential. In this trial, we aim to primarily compare the degree of pain and anesthesia onset time between the two-injection dorsal block technique (TD) and the single-injection volar subcutaneous block (SV) technique. Further, we describe the temporal and anatomical effects of both techniques for an accurate delineation of the anesthetized regions.

METHODS:

This is a single-center prospective randomized controlled trial involving patients presenting with isolated wounds to the fingers requiring primary repair under local anesthesia. Patients were randomized to either the SV or TD blocks. The primary outcome was procedure-related pain (Numerical Rating Scale). Further, we assessed the extent of anesthesia along with the anesthesia onset time.

RESULTS:

A total of 100 patients were included in the final analysis, 50 on each arm of the study. The median pain score during injection was significantly higher in patients who received TD block than patients who received SV block (median [interquartile range] = 4 [2.25, 5.00] vs. 3.00 [2.00, 4.00], respectively, P = 0.006). However, anesthesia onset time was not statistically different among the groups (P = 0.39). The extent of anesthesia was more predictable in the dorsal block compared to the volar block.

CONCLUSION:

The single-injection volar subcutaneous blocks are less painful with a similar anesthesia onset time. Injuries presenting in the proximal dorsal region may benefit from the two-injection dorsal blocks, given the anatomical differences and timely anesthesia of the region.
Analysis of Student Participation in University Organization Using Partial Least Square-Structural Equation Modelling
Authors: Lukman Muhammad Zuhal
Published: August 2022

This study aims to find the effect of organizational climate and motivation on member participation in student organization activities. The sample in this study amounted to 113 members of the Hasanuddin University Political Science Student Association. Data were collected through questionnaires and then analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique available in the SmartPLS program. The results of this study indicate that organizational climate and motivation have a positive and significant influence on member participation in organizational activities. The implication of the statement shows that maximizing the level of participation, it can be done by strengthening and adjusting the dimensions of values contained in the organizational climate and motivational constructs.
Independence, Work Ethic, Spirituality, and Productivity: A Comparative Study of Several Asian Countries
Authors: Mustofa Mustofa , Suyanto Suyanto , Suprayitno Bambang , Kusumawardani Nita
Published: August 2022

This study compares the values ​​of independence, work ethic, spirituality, and productivity in several Asian countries. The other purpose of this study is to determine the effect of independence, work ethic, and spirituality on productivity. This study uses World Value Survey (WVS) data with the criteria of respondents who answered the WVS wave 7 questionnaires from Asian countries with a sample size of 19,795. The quantitative research method uses descriptive analysis techniques and probit regression analysis. The descriptive analysis technique uses crosstab, while the probit regression analysis technique is used to determine the effect of independence, work ethic, and spirituality on productivity in several Asian countries. Analysis crosstab shows that Tajikistan, Iran, Taiwan, Pakistan, and the Philippines have a high proportion of unemployed. Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, China, Bangladesh, and Vietnam have a higher tendency for freedom of choice (independence) in their respective country groups. Kyrgyzstan, Jordan, China, Pakistan, and Myanmar have higher work ethic tendencies. Russia, China, Japan, and Vietnam have minor religious inclinations. Probit regression results prove that independence, work ethic, and spirituality significantly affect the dependent variable (productivity). Independence and work ethic have a positive influence, while spirituality has a negative influence. In contrast, all members of the West Asian group all countries have important religious inclinations.
Legal Existence of Brokers in Land Sale and Purchase Binding Agreement
Authors: Papuluwa Nurlaila Kadarwati , Alting Husen , Suwarti Suwarti
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the legal position of the broker (broker) as an intermediary trader in the binding agreement for the sale and purchase of land in Indonesia, as well as the legal implications of the actions of the land broker in the binding sale and purchase agreement (PPJB) which resulted in the occurrence of defect of will(wilsgebreken/ defect of consent). This type of research uses the normative type, normative legal research is a process to find the rule of law, legal principles, and legal doctrines in order to answer the legal issues faced. The results of this study indicate that legal position of a broker (broker) as an intermediary trader in a binding agreement for the sale and purchase of land in Indonesia in the KUHD arrangement is classified based on an official broker and an unofficial broker. Related official brokers have been regulated in the provision of Article 62 of the KUHD that he must obtain an official appointment fromrequired state officials. Meanwhile, unofficial brokers through the provisions of Article 63 of the KUHD do not grant a monopoly position to brokers, in fact there is an article that allows the existence of unofficial brokers, namely without an appointment from the Minister of Justice and without an oath, namely Article 63 of the KUHD bsd 1792 of the KUHPER. In this case, this unofficial broker is seen as a normal power holder
Cooperation Institutions (LKS) Bipartite Effectiveness in Efforts to Prevent Industrial Relationship Disputes of Companies in Ternate
Authors: Ismanto Erwin , Alting Husen , Alauddin Rusdin
Published: August 2022

Effectiveness of cooperative institutions (LKS) bipartite in an effort to prevent industrial relations disputes in companies in Ternate City,The purpose of this research is to examineThe role of bipartite cooperation institutions (LKS) in the prevention of industrial relations disputes in companies, as well as the effectiveness of the establishment of bipartite cooperation institutions (LKS) in companies in Ternate City.The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach and data is collected through in-depth interviews with employers, workers/labourers, trade unions/labor unions and Industrial Relations Mediator Employees both in the regions and at the Ministry of Manpower. Some of the findings obtained from this study indicate thatIn the provisions of labor legislation, a bipartite work forum will refer to a communication and consultation forum to make careful considerations on matters relating to industrial relations in a company, where the members consist of employers/entrepreneurs and workers/laborers. or representatives of Workers/Labourers' organizations.
Tax Law Certainty on The Sale of Food and Beverages after The Enactment of Law Number 1 of 2022
Authors: Hutagalung Josep Irvan Gilang , Sugiharti Dewi Kania , Muttaqin Zainal
Published: August 2022

Taxes on Certain Goods and Services (TCGS) is a concept of integrating consumption-based taxes contained in Law Number 1 of 2022 concerning Financial Relations between the Central Government and Regional Governments. The provisions for tax collection in this new law also change local taxation policies, particularly on tax collection on the sale of food and beverages. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the arrangement for collecting TCGS for the sale of food and/or beverages based on the principle of legal certainty and reviewing the implications of the concept of collecting TCGS on the sale of food and/or beverages in terms of local tax intensification efforts. This study uses a normative juridical method using secondary data sources. The data that has been obtained is then described descriptively with qualitative analysis methods. The results of this study indicate that the concept of collecting PBJT for food and beverage sales is in accordance with the principle of legal certainty because it limits the authority to collect VAT by the Central Government and TCGS by the Regional Government for business actors engaged in the culinary industry. To make efforts to optimize regional revenues after the enactment of Law No. 1 of 2022 is to intensify taxes by expanding the revenue base, optimizing the collection process, and increasing supervision.
The Influence of Perceived Trust, Service Quality and Perceived Risk: SME’s Interest in Using E-Commerce
Authors: Junedi Junedi , Ken R. R. Wening , Yahya Adibah , Anastasya Debora
Published: August 2022

The rapid development of information and communication technology through digital marketing has a role in the development of the new economy marked by the phenomenon of e-commerce platform based business. This opportunity is certainly very attractive for SMEs to develop wider market access. By utilizing this sales channel, it has a positive effect on transaction value for business actors. This study aims to determine the extent to which the interest of SMEs in using e-commerce platform services. This research paper is based on a quantitative approach using interviews and observation of data collection with the participation of 100 SMEs.These results confirm the hypothesis that the development of the value of e- commerce transactions, which is formed by the interaction of business sites as an indicator of supply and internet user as an indicator of demand and supply, contribute to an increase in the intensity of macroeconomic activity.
Overview of the Incidence of Depression in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis at Dr. Moewardi Surakarta Hospital
Authors: Hermawati  , Ika Silvitasari  , Wahyuni
Published: August 2022

Chronic renal failure or chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health problem with the prevalence and incidence of kidney failure increasing. Changes in the quality of life in patients with Chronic Kidney Failure will cause depression. Chronic kidney failure patients with depression will experience emotional disturbances, prolonged emotional related mental processes (thought patterns, feelings, activities), negative personal thoughts, decreased mood, loss of motivation, slow in thinking and decreased activity. The aim of this study was to describe the incidence of depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The type of research used in this research is descriptive correlation with a survey approach. Respondents undergoing hemodialysis who experience mild depression will lose interest, enthusiasm, reduced energy and also get tired easily. This will lead to reduced self-esteem and self-confidence, decreased activity, concentration and attention. The conclusion from the results of this study is that the majority of chronic kidney failure patients undergoing hemodialysis experience mild depression, namely 48 people (80%) and 12 people (20%) experiencing moderate depression. There was none of the respondents who experienced major depression and none who did not experience depression.
THE EFFECT OF CHLORELLA SOROKINIANA UTEX 1230 AS A BIOFERTILIZER ON TOMATO CULTURE ROMEC 554J VARIETY CULTIVATED ON SANDY SOILS AT RDSPCS DĂBULENI
Authors: Sfîrloagă Loredana-Mirela , Croitoru Mihaela , Diaconu Aurelia , Nanu Ștefan , Ardelean Ioan
Published: August 2022

In the context of climate change, the use of microalgae is an alternative to meet the requirements of agriculture, food and renewable energy. A major area of application is the use of microalgae as biofertilizers in agriculture. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of the application of Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230 inoculum on the evolution of soil chemical composition, as well as the ability of microalgae, as a biofertilizer, on the growth and development of tomato plants, including the influence on plant physiological indices. Ground determinations, at 60 days after application of Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230 inoculum indicated higher values of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic carbon content in the soil, The results regarding the growth and development of the plants obtained in the protected area (solar greenhouse), for the Romec 554j tomato variety showed differences between the variants studied. The Romec 554j tomato variety recorded a higher rate of photosynthesis in the version treated with the inoculum of Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230, compared to the control version and the technologically fertilized version (12,66 µmol CO2 / m2 / s, compared to 11,82 µmol CO2 / m2 / s in the control version and 12,48 µmol CO2 / m2 / s in the technologically fertilized version), but the values were not statistically assured.
Levantamento etnobotânico de plantas medicinais no município de Araguari/MG para o planejamento do horto medicinal na fazenda escola do Instituto Master de Ensino Presidente Antônio Carlos – IMEPAC.
Authors: Francisco Mariane , Justino Barbosa da Conceição Samuel , Mendes Jéssica
Published: August 2022

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo resgatar o conhecimento sobre as plantas medicinais no município de Araguari - MG; bem como planejar a construção do horto de plantas medicinais na Escola fazenda do IMEPAC Araguari - MG. O estudo foi do tipo descritivo e exploratório com abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa realizado através de questionário online abordando características socioculturais de moradores do município, como hábito de uso de plantas medicinais e quais são mais usadas por esta população, e a partir destes dados planejar a construção do horto medicinal na fazenda escola do Centro Universitário de Araguari / IMEPAC – MG. Foi possível identificar que as mulheres utilizam com maior frequência as plantas medicinais, fator que reflete seu papel feminino no contexto familiar, como referência em cuidados e tratamentos terapêuticos, bem como guardiã de saberes populares e da tradição oral, passada entre gerações. Assim, o recuperar da sabedoria popular poderá trazer, plantas até então esquecidas e que possui grande potencial para a cura de doenças. A herança deixada pelas nossas gerações resultou em específicas buscas de plantas medicinais e estudos científicos que proporcionaram o isolamento dos princípios ativos para o tratamento e cura de doenças. O importante nesse cenário é que a utilização das plantas medicinais como recurso terapêutico já está presente a milhares de anos, então surge a questão, por que não resgatarmos novamente o uso desses remédios tradicionais e com estudos adicionais, descobrir novos compostos biologicamente ativos; e através de estudos confirmar a eficácia do tratamento.
EFEITOS DA PANDEMIA SOBRE OS DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS BRASILEIROS: Uma Revisão Bibliográfica e Pesquisa de Casos Jurídicos de Domínio Público Envolvendo a Covid-19
Authors: Parreira Natalia , Milene Silva De Campos  , Joselle de Freitas  , Paulo Roberto de Oliveira Santos
Published: August 2022

A pandemia pela covid-19 colocou o mundo em um cenário de incertezas e dilemas envolvendo os direitos humanos. Muitos países implementaram medidas não farmacêuticas para conter a propagação da doença, o que provocou um impasse jurídico, no qual se teve que analisar, interpretar e arrazoar acerca dos direitos fundamentais. Diante disso, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi abarcar a ação dos poderes Legislativo e Judiciário, no Brasil, em benefício da contenção da pandemia. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa de estudos divulgados em plataformas acadêmicas e científicas concernentes aos direitos individuais e coletivos mitigados pela pandemia da covid-19 no país. Concomitantemente, realizou-se uma busca on-line para destacar casos e/ou processos jurídicos que circundam esse tema. Nesse ímpeto, considerou-se de fundamental importância que, em meio ao caos gerado, houvesse a compreensão sobre as reais circunstâncias que diziam respeito aos direitos dos cidadãos brasileiros, até mesmo para se reduzir a quantidade de processos jurídicos, muitos dos quais seriam evitados com a ponderação da situação vivenciada. Enquanto resultados principais, comprovou-se que, apesar de muitos direitos constitucionais terem sido relativizados pela pandemia, isto não significou que eles deixaram de existir. Eles apenas tiveram que ser adequados ao contexto atual em prol de um bem coletivo maior e de um direito máximo que é o da vida. Constatou-se também que as liberdades constitucionais do Brasil não podem ser ilimitadas. Desse modo, acredita-se que a pesquisa enriquecerá o conhecimento da comunidade sobre a temática abordada.
Growth inhibition of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. nicotianae by two in vitro poisoning methods with fungicides of different toxicological groups
Authors: Ceiro-Catasú Wilson , Rueda-Puente Edgar , Rondón-Fonseca Richard , Sosa-Sánchez Oandis , Holguín-Peña Ramón
Published: August 2022

Wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. nicotianae is one of the most important fungal diseases in tobacco cultivation, being also one of the most difficult to control. The in vitro effectiveness of two poisoning methods was evaluated; sensi-disc (SD) and medium dilution (DMC) to determine the inhibitory effect of four fungicides of different toxicological groups on F. oxysporum isolated from tobacco in different regions of the province of Granma, Cuba. A differential response was observed in the susceptibility levels of all strains tested, regardless of the method of poisoning. The DMC method was more efficient than the SD, observing increases from 4.37 % (S) to 45.57 % (Ip+Pr) with respect to the SD. The highest inhibition values were observed in DMC with mancozeb (100 %), Tz+Az (79.74 %), and Ip+Pr (96.9 %). The greatest effectiveness in sporulation inhibition was with mancozeb by the SD method (0 %). The in vitro inhibitory effect of the fungicides evaluated (alone or in combination) is indicative of the fungicidal effect on the fungus under study and establishes the importance of inhibition methods for the study of fungicides used in management programs of diseases caused by Fusarium spp., in the tobacco growing areas of Cuba and other parts of the world.
Comparison of sodium and saturated fat content between domestic pasta sauce and imported pasta sauce in Canada
Authors: Chan Terry , Chen Dale , Health BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health
Published: August 2022

Recently, a study by Dunford et al. (2019) found out that Canadian processed foods have the highest sodium content than other countries. Out of the twelve countries tested in the survey, Canada was ranked the highest. This survey sparked the interest in comparing the healthiness of domestically processed foods and imported foods available in Canada. Pasta sauce was particularly chosen for this research project. By comparing the sodium and saturated fat content between domestic pasta sauce and imported pasta sauce, the study aimed to determine whether imported pasta sauce is a healthier choice.
COVID-19 and physical activity
Authors: Hu Viviana , Heacock Helen , Environmental Health BCIT School of Health Sciences
Published: August 2022

Physical Activity (PA) is bodily movement that involves energy output from the muscles and is associated with numerous health benefits. However, with the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic on March 11, 2020, stay-at-home orders and public health measures led to a decreased trend in PA levels throughout the Canadian population. As restrictions began to ease in British Columbia (BC), gym and recreation facilities re-opened on May 19, 2020, under new public health safety protocols. This study explored whether gym and/or recreational facility attendance among regular users was impacted by public health safety or financial factors during COVID-19.
Assessing private well user’s attitudes towards chlorination of drinking water
Authors: Doniec Tobias , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Chen Dale , Freer Kevin
Published: August 2022

In Canada, those who rely on private wells are at approximately 5.2 times greater risk of contracting enteric illness due to contaminated drinking water than those who rely on municipal water systems (4). In recent years, some communities have expressed opposition towards chlorination and distrust towards health authorities mandating its use (5,6). Given that chlorination of drinking water is a widely used and highly effective method of limiting waterborne illness, the purpose of this research aims to determine if there is a relationship in the public between perception of the health risk of microbial contamination in drinking water versus attitudes towards chlorination among those utilising non-municipal water systems and private wells in Canada.
Assessing the potential health hazards of purchasing prepared foods from unregulated private online sellers
Authors: Chan Phoebe , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Chen Dale , Freer Kevin
Published: August 2022

Social media and home-based businesses have taken the internet by storm as large online platforms such as Facebook Marketplace and Instagram have provided an outlet for private online sellers to sell food prepared in their home kitchens to the general public. Home-based sellers are currently unregulated, due to the sheer number of sellers and lack of manpower and resources at health authorities. With the increasing number of unregulated online food sales and the increasing popularity of purchasing foods from online platforms, the hazards associated with food prepared in home kitchens ought to be investigated. Because Potentially Hazardous Foods particularly increase the risk of foodborne illness, the number of listings containing them ought to be quantified.
Face coverings in post-COVID society to help prevent the transmission of respiratory illnesses on public transit
Authors: Fitzgerald Brendan , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Chen Dale
Published: August 2022

During the COVID-19 pandemic, cases of influenza drastically decreased in numerous countries around the world. Several non-pharmaceutical health measures were put in place to help mitigate the spread of the virus, including a mask mandate for public spaces. On public transit, there is potential for respiratory virus spread through droplet transmission and common contact fomites between riders. This study investigated how current residents of Metro Vancouver who use transit at least once per week would support optional guidelines for mask-use during annual flu seasons to help continue to mitigate the transmission of respiratory illnesses after COVID-19 mandates have ended.
Food premises inspection violations and inspection frequency during COVID-19 in Vancouver Island Health Authority
Authors: Smith Jessi , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: August 2022

Food service establishments, such as restaurants are subject to regulatory compliance, which acts to protect the health of the public from health risks and hazards that may arise in these settings. Ensuring compliance during inspections is carried out by public health professionals including Environmental Health Officers (EHOs). The COVID-19 Pandemic has impacted the public health sector, with many programs, services and professional involvement being enhanced to better support the COVID-19 response. This study investigated whether restaurant inspections on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, were impacted during COVID-19, including inspection frequency, inspection violations and hazard ratings.
Radon awareness in Metro Vancouver
Authors: Dhaliwal Aman , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Chen Dale
Published: August 2022

Radon is a naturally occurring harmful radioactive gas and is the second leading cause of lung cancer (WHO, 2021). Canada gets a very high number of immigrants every year and immigrant population is increasing dramatically (Government of Canada, 2005). Assessing the immigrants’ knowledge in metro Vancouver on radon gas can help identify whether education for radon gas for immigrants is needed to aid in the prevention of lung cancer.
A survey evaluation of disinfection knowledge comparison between licensed and unlicensed childcare facilities
Authors: Kuo Remy , BCIT School of Health Sciences, Environmental Health  , Heacock Helen
Published: August 2022

The concepts of children’s environmental health are crucial for children's health and development. Between the ages of 2 to 5, children are developing their sensory and motor, cognitive, physical, immunological, emotional, social, and language skills. Many children spend long hours in day care facilities, and it is important to ensure a safe and healthy place for them. Environments with insufficient sanitation and hygiene could put children at risk and can also result in the spread of infectious diseases or even further impact their overall development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the disinfection knowledge and behaviour of childcare providers working in both License Required (LR) and License Not Required (LNR) daycare facilities in British Columbia.
A província do Espírito Santo: redes mercantis e a emancipação da América portuguesa (1815 - 1825)
Authors: Goularte Rodrigo da Silva
Published: August 2022

A ruptura política entre Brasil e Portugal foi orientada não apenas pelos  acontecimentos no Rio de Janeiro - sede da regência de D. Pedro - e nas Cortes lisboetas, mas também por diferentes conjunturas regionais da  América portuguesa. No caso do Espírito Santo, as relações comerciais dos negociantes dessa província com portos baianos e do Rio de Janeiro desde o início do século XIX foram de grande importância para que as autoridades locais, vinculadas a esse comércio interprovincial, se decidissem politicamente no ano de 1822 entre a adesão às Cortes ou à regência de D. Pedro.
Praksis Pembelajaran Kewirausahaan pada Unit Produksi Jasa Boga
Authors: Lasmi Aida , Nawawi Zuhrinal M.
Published: August 2022

The Praxis of Entrepreneurship Learning in the Food services Production Unit. This study aims to investigate teachers’ concepts of entrepreneurship learning, entrepreneurship competencies developed in the production unit, and entrepreneurship learning processes in the production unit of food services in SMK Negeri 6 Yogyakarta. This study employed the qualitative case study. The research subjects were the principal, head of the study program, head of the production unit, and students. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman model consisting of data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The result shows that: (1) Entrepreneurship learning needs hands-on-experiences-based; (2) the entrepreneurship competency developed through the production unit includes a) entrepreneurship knowledge, consisting of self-knowledge and practical knowledge, b) entrepreneurship attitudes, consisting of work ethos, autonomy, discipline, creativity, and innovativeness, and c) entrepreneurship skills, consisting of: technical skill, human relations skill, conceptual skill, decision making skill, time management skill, and leadership skill; (3) no instructional standard employed in to develop entrepreneurship in production unit. There are three entrepreneurship learning models employed in the production unit: inside production, outside production, and mobile canteen. The learning outcome is measured in two ways, i.e. performance and product monitoring. Meanwhile, evaluation of the students’ learning progress is conducted by using profit-based evaluation.

Keywords: learning, entrepreneurship, production unit
An Introduction to the Field of AeroFencing
Authors: Esfanjani Mina , Faress Fardad , Esfanjani Mitra
Published: August 2022

This paper attempts to introduce Aerofencing as a young kind of sport in which athletes perform combining rhythmic choreography with footwork and handwork of fencing with elements of aerobic and aerobic dance to music. Additionally, it reports the results of an experiment that aimed to combine aerobic exercise and fencing as a new field called AeroFencing for improving asymmetric fencing exercise and helping reduce injuries. Fencers from the experimental group underwent four-week AeroFencing training, while those from the control group underwent regular fencing training. The fencers' performance was analyzed two times: before the practical training (pretest)and after four weeks of training (posttest) in the Columbus Fencing & Fitness. Participants passed three tests that just studied the anaerobic power and speed of the dominant and non-dominant sides of the body. The fencers from the experimental group generally performed better in posttests than in pretests. The results showed that the training protocol of the present study caused a significant improvement in the anaerobic power, hand speed at the time of the attack, and leg speed of the participants in the experimental group compared to the control group.
Self-directed Learning (SDL) and Development of Competencies among Students of the University of Bamenda
Authors: Len Kibinkiri Eric , Tieme Kunike
Published: August 2022

Purpose: This study examines the relationship between self-directed learning (SDL) and development of competencies among students of the University of Bamenda (UBa).

Methodology: The argument for this study anchored on Vygosky’s Social Constructivism Theory, Cognitive Apprenticeship Theory of Collins et al., and Tchombe’s Mediated Mutual Reciprocity Theory. A correlational survey research design, with a quantitative approach for data collection was used. A sample of 254 students, derived using two probability (stratified random and simple random) sampling techniques and two non-probability (convenience and purposive) sampling techniques, participated in this study. Data obtained were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The Spearman’s Rho correlation test was used to test the specific research hypotheses.

Findings: Findings showed that, there is a significant and positive relationship between identification of learning problems and development of competencies among students (P<0.000) (R=0.410**). Similarly, findings on hypothesis two showed that there is a significant relationship between application of appropriate learning strategies and development of competencies among students (P<0.027)(R=0.139*). Lastly, findings on hypothesis three showed that there is a significant relationship between assessment and evaluation of learning and development of competencies among students (P<0.000) (R=0.525**).

Recommendations: Based on these findings, it was recommended that there is need for bias towards action, a competence-based curriculum, and respect of format, frequency and feedback for assessment and evaluation. Additionally, Universities should adopt the SDL model as a learning strategy and develop strategies to overcome obstacles that hinder its application, as well as train teachers on the didactics of the blended learning model.
ASSESSMENT OF BIODEGRADATION EFFECTS OF AGRO-WASTES (POULTRY DROPPINGS AND COW DUNG) ON SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THEIR EFFLUENTS
Authors: Chomini Meyiwa Stephen , Osaze Florence , Ameh Osasebor Miriam , Peter Micah Kalu , Chomini Akunna Emilia
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The biodegradation effects of agro-wastes (poultry droppings and cow dung) on some physico-chemical properties of the effluents were assessed. Methodology: Triplicate slurries (1:3 w/v) of five ratios of poultry droppings and cow dung: (0:1, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1 and 1:0 as treatments A, B, C, D and E) were separately fed into 13.6L locally constructed digesters, under strict anaerobic condition. They were kept for eight weeks retention period. Separate fractions of the undigested and digested treatments were subjected to standard assay procedures to determine their C, N, heavy contents, chemical oxygen demand (COD). The average weekly temperature and the pH before and after digestion of the media were measured. Findings: The cumulative biogas yield was in the order of treatment C (2961.0ml) >D(2241.7ml) > E(2197.9ml) > A(2079.0ml) > B(2031.1ml), based on the following mixing ratios  1:1>3:1>0:1>1:0>1:3. The gas production was affected by weekly temperature variation, which peaked at the mesophilic range (40.5±0.3 ̶ 44.1±0.3OC). The resultant pH of the digestates was in the order of 1:3 > 3:1 > 1:1 > 0:1 > 1:0. There was a general reduction in heavy metal contents for all treatment digestates, except Cu, with 200.00, 35.82 and 7.34% as %increases in treatments A, E and C respectively. All treatments indicated reduction in C:N ratios, ranging from 7.93 ̶ 13.02, in the order of 3:1>1:1>1:3>0:1>1:0. Similarly, there was decrease in COD contents for all treatments due to AD. Consequently, the percentage COD reduction (%CODR) was in the order of treatment D(53.70%) > E(34.15%) > C(29.63%) > A(25.81%) > B(19.23%). Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The biodegradation process had provided an effective means of alternative energy production, agricultural waste management initiative, which would ensure bioremediation, sustainable public health and environmental management