bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parâmetros populacionais e tabela de vida estática em 2010 para Minas Gerais
Authors: Nascimento Daniel Silva , Santos Ozíres Caroline Dias Privado , Sandoval Erick William , Pelli Afonso
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar e estimar parâmetros populacionais para a população Mineira em 2010. Para tanto foi construída uma tabela de vida estática. Foram utilizados dados publicados do censo de 2010, pela Coordenação de População e Indicadores Sociais, da Diretoria de Pesquisas, ligada à Gerência de Estudos e Análises da Dinâmica Demográfica do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Foram utilizados os dados de número de pessoas morrendo dentro de um intervalo de tempo, a proporção de vivos em cada classe etária, comparando com os nascidos vivos, a mortalidade e sobrevivência específica por classe etária e, a expectativa de vida média, por classe etária. As principais conclusões são que a taxa de sobrevivência permanece relativamente constante ao longo da vida, com redução da mortalidade nas classes etárias mais avançadas. Em 2010, a maior parte da população mineira estava em período produtivo e nasceram mais homens que mulheres. Porém, a taxa de mortalidade específica por classe etária é maior para os homens ao longo de toda a vida; dessa forma, após 25 anos a proporção tende a inverter, aumentando a proporção de mulheres até a senescência e morte.
Silagens de capim elefante (pennisetum purpureum schum) com inclusão do resíduo de fécula de mandioca
Authors: Carvalho da Silva Ândresson , Vinente Guimarães Andréa Krystina , Maia Rego Eloise Marcele , Maia de Sousa Aline Dalmara , Lima Ronaldo Francisco , Dos Santos Ione Iolanda
Published: October 2021

Objetivou-se avaliar as silagens de capim elefante (P. purpureum schum) com a inclusão de resíduo de fecularia. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado com cinco níveis de inclusão de resíduo na matéria natural (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% e 40%) com quatro repetições. Os silos foram abertos após 49 dias de fermentação. A estabilidade foi prolongada com o aumento dos níveis do resíduo. A adição do resíduo de fecularia reduziu as perdas por gases. As silagens apresentaram valores de pH entre 3,89 a 4,13. Houve aumento linear (P<0,01) no teor de matéria seca (MS), maior teor (50,39%) com inclusão de 40%. Houve decréscimo linear (P<0,01) nos teores para fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), extrato etéreo (EE), fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e nitrogênio amoniacal (N-NH3). Carboidratos totais (CHOT), carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF) e nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) tiveram comportamento linear crescente (P<0,01) com o aumento dos níveis. Recomenda-se a inclusão de 40% de resíduo de fecularia.
STUDY OF THE ANTAGONISTIC ACTIVITY OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA AGAINST ESCHERICHIA COLI (E.COLI)
Authors: ЕРДЕНБЕКОВА М.Б. , ЖАНТЛЕСОВА С.Д. , АЛАЙДАР Ф.К. , МАСИРБАЕВА А.Д.
Published: October 2021

В современное рыночное время наряду с производством чистых молочных продуктов встречаются производства, производящие продукцию с добавлением в ее состав бесполезных добавок. Поэтому одним из важных вопросов является изучение качественных показателей существующих продуктов в производстве молочных напитков, в том числе, на рынке. Известно, что к качественным определяющим факторам молочных напитков относятся такие показатели, как содержание витаминов, углеводов, белков, жиров и кислотность.Кроме того, проявлением кисломолочными бактериями антагонистических свойств, особенно к штамму Escherichia coli, определяет их важную роль в организме.

In modern market times, along with the production of pure dairy products, there are industries that produce products with the addition of useless additives to its composition. Therefore, one of the important issues is to study the quality indicators of existing products in the production of dairy beverages, including ones on the market. It is known that the qualitative determinants of milk drinks include such indicators as the content of vitamins, carbohydrates, proteins, fats and acidity. Also, the manifestation of antagonistic properties in fermented milk bacteria, especially against Escherichia coli strain, determines their important role in the body.
Tendencias de la transición demográfica en Honduras y su incidencia en el desarrollo
Authors: Baca Santos Héctor Yobany
Published: October 2021

Los estudios demográfi cos son importantes porque permiten planifi car nuevos programas, evaluar impactos, identifi car problemas con proyección, etc. en benefi cio de la población. En el desarrollo histórico los demógrafos han logrado determinar tres explicaciones (teorías) que han permitido conocer y entender el comportamiento del crecimiento de la población, estas explicaciones brindan planteamientos demográfi cos relevantes del mundo actual, tales como: teoría de la transición demográfi ca, teoría de la segunda transición demográfi ca y la teoría de la revolución reproductiva. Estas teorías buscan disminuir los riesgos sociodemográfi cos investigando, explicando y proyectando el comportamiento de la fecundidad, la mortalidad y el crecimiento demográfi co. El comportamiento demográfi co en Honduras, es que la fecundidad tiene una tendencia descendente, según proyecciones en término de dos décadas, la fecundidad en Honduras no llegará al nivel de reemplazo, lo que provocará el fi n del bono demográfi co y décadas después la entrada del invierno demográfi co. La caída de la fecundidad está infl uida por la entrada de la posmodernidad, la cual está determinada por el comportamiento ascendente de las variables demográfi cas: Escolaridad, mercado laboral, uso de anticonceptivos, primera relacion sexual, etc.
KESETARAAN PRIA DAN WANITA (GENDER) MENURUT ALKITAB
Authors: Mandacan Yehuda
Published: October 2021

Masalah gender bukan masalah baru. Masalah perdebatan gender dari para ahli dari waktu ke waktu mewarnai kehidupan manusia menentukan mana yang manusia ciptaan Allah dan mana yang tidak, bukan hanya terdapat antara seluruh makhluk ciptaan Allah tetapi terbawa sampai kepada pribadi manusia baik laki-laki maupun perempuan. Namun Alkitablah yang akan menjadi kunci jawaban bagi setiap pendapat manusia. Sehingga tidak lagi seorang pun mencari jalan untuk menentukan kebenarannya sendiri-sendiri. Sebab Alkitab dalam Perjanjian Lama maupun Perjanjian Baru akan menyatakan kebenaran bahwa baik Laki-laki maupun perempuan adalah setara di hadapan Tuhan sebagai pencipta. Pada pembahasan ini penulis akan melakukan kajian mengenal kesetaraan Gender dalam perspektif Alkitab Pada bab terdahulu penulis telah memaparkan mengenai komunitas masyarakat Arfak secara global yang di dalamnya tercakup mengenai wanita. Adapun tujuan pembahasan dalam bab ini ialah untuk menemukan sebuah landasan biblikal yang merupakan kebenaran hakiki mengenai kesetaraan gender. Namun sebelum melakukan pembahasan secara alkitabiah, penulis akan melakukan kajian singkat berkenaan dengan isu gender yang terus berkembang dewasa ini. Di samping memberikan informasi, pemahaman ini juga guna membandingkan kebenaran yang ada dalam Alkitab. Tentu sebagai orang percaya haruslah mengakui legitimasi Alkitab sebagai otoritas kebenaran tertinggi. Apapun kebenaran yang diajarkan oleh Alkitab haruslah dilakukan secara mutlak sekalipun tembok-tembok budaya sangat menghalangi. Namun perlu dilakukan langkah-langkah dan strategi yang bijak agar tidak melahirkan konfrontasi negatif yang berakhir pada penolakan.
PEMAHAMAN KHUSUS TERHADAP PROFESIONALISME KEPEMIMPINAN GURU KRISTEN
Authors: Krey Herman
Published: October 2021

Dunia pendidikan memerlukan guru profesional. Pendidikan Kristen memerlukan Guru Kristen yang profesional. Dalam kamus Webster memberikan defenisi  mengenai profesi yakni: Profesi merupakan suatu pekerjaan yang menuntut pendidikan tinggi (kepada pengembannya) dalam liberal arts atau science, dan biasanya meliputi pekerjaan mental dan bukan manual, seperti mengajar, keinsinyuran, mengarang, dan sebagainya; terutama kedokteran, hukum dan teknologi. Kata Profesional, sendiri  mengandung makna yang mengacu kepada sebutan tentang orang yang menyandang suatu profesi dan sebutan tentang penampilan seseorang dalam mewujudkan unjuk kerja sesuai dengan profesinya. Penyandangan dan penampilan “profesional” ini telah mendapat pengakuan, baik secara formal maupun informal. Pengakuan secara formal diberikan oleh suatu badan atau lembaga yang mempunyai kewenangan untuk itu, yaitu pemerintah dan atau organisasi profesi. Sedangkan secara informal pengakuan itu diberikan oleh masyarakat luas dan para pengguna jasa suatu profesi. Dengan demikian, profesional menunjuk pada dua hal. Pertama, orang yang menyandang suatu profesi, misalnya “Dia seorang profesional. ” Kedua, penampilan dari seseorang dalam melakukan pekerjaannya yang sesuai dengan profesinya. Pengertian kedua ini, profesional dikontraskan dengan “non-profesional” dan “amatir.” Profesional adalah seseorang yang melakukan suatu (kegiatan, aktivitas, usaha, pekerjaan) yang dilakukan untuk mendapatkan (nafkah, kesenangan) atau memberi (konstribusi) dengan mengandalkan (keahlian, keterampilan, kemahiran) yang tinggi dengan melibatkan komitmen pribadi (moral) yang mendalam. Ditambahkan juga bahwa orang tersebut juga merupakan anggota suatu entitas atau organisasi yang didirikan sesuai dengan hukum di sebuah negara atau wilayah. Guru profesional adalah seorang guru yang melakukan kegiatan, aktivitas dan pekerjaannya dengan mengandalkan keahlian, ketrampilan, kemahiran dengan komitmen yang tinggi. Guru Kristen yang profesional adalah guru Kristen yang bercermin dan belajar dari Yesus Kristus sebagai guru agung yang sudah tentu Ia adalah guru profesional. Kepemimpinan guru Kristen dikerjakan oleh guru Kristen yang profesional yang berarti bahwa pekerjaan guru secara profesional berarti juga melakukan kepemimpinan dalam pekerjaan tersebut.
SEJARAH PENGGUNAAN NAMA ALLAH DAN TUHAN DALAM ALKITAB
Authors: Rumbekwan George
Published: October 2021

Penelitian Ini berjudul: Sejarah Singkat Bangsa Ibrani dan Bahasa Ibrani dan Perkembangannya, hingga terbentuknya Alkitab Bahasa Indonesia yang menggunakan Nama Allah dan Tuhan. Penelitian ini secara sederhana menelusuri asal-usul Israel atau bangsa Ibrani dengan bahasa Ibrani yang selanjutnya mengalami perkembangan hingga mempengaruhi terbentuk Alkitab Bahasa Indonesia. Menginat perdebatan-perdebatan yang terjadi oleh karena penggunaan nama-nama Allah dan Tuhan dalam Alkitab. Nama Allah dan Alkitab Bahasa Indonesia sudah digunakan 333 tahun sebelum Indonesia terbentuk sebagai suatu bangsa yang merdeka dan berdaulat.
KARYA KESELAMATAN ALLAH DALAM YESUS KRISTUS SEBAGAI JAMINAN MANUSIA BEBAS DARI HUKUMAN KEKAL ALLAH
Authors: Randa Federans
Published: October 2021

Ketika Allah menciptakan manusia pertama yakni Adam dan Hawa, maka keduanya diciptakan segambar dengan Allah tanpa ada dosa dalam diri manusia. Namun manusia akhirnya jatuh dalam dosa oleh karena pilihan manusia yang salah dengan melanggar perintah Allah dengan memakan buah pengetahuan yang baik dan yang jahat yang dilarang oleh Allah untuk dimakan, sebab ketika manusia memakannya pastilah mati dan kematian itulah yang membuat sehingga manusia menjadi berdosa dan kehilangan kekudusan Allah dari dirinya (Rm. 3:23). Dosa membuat manusia terpisah dengan Allah dan manusia tidak bisa mencapai Allah karena perseteruan yang terjadi antara manusia dengan Allah. Dosa membawa manusia kepada kebinasaan dan hukuman kekal Allah. Namun karena kasih Allah yang sangat besar terhadap manusia yang diciptakan istimewa yakni segambar dengan Allah, sehingga Allah mengambil inisiatif untuk melepaskan dan menyelamatkan manusia dari kebinasaan dan hukuman kekal Allah yang akan ditimpahkan kepada manusia oleh karena dosa manusia itu sendiri.
Dampak Dikeluarkannya Edik Milano 313 bagi Kebebasan Gereja
Authors: Damanik Jon Mister R.
Published: October 2021

Church history is not an outdated or outdated writing, but church history has an important role to play. Because in the history of the church there are important parts that can be used as a teaching for the church today. Chrestus is a term for followers of Christ, and Christians are used as an outlet for pleasure when they are persecuted, pitted against hungry animals, used as torches to light the garden, nearly 250 years of persecuted Christians have not been given freedom by the state even if there is a problem -problems like a fire whose cause is Christians because they do not worship their gods so that the gods are angry. The Edik Milan is a decree issued in 313 which greatly influenced the church's freedom to carry out religious activities. The meaning of Edik is: "an order carried out by the ruler." Milan is "the Roman state where Roman rule ruled." With the issuance of this Edict of Milan by Konstantin the Great, the ruler of the Roman empire gave a glimmer of hope in freedom of worship. Events that have occurred in the church in the past are a motivation for the church to keep carrying out the command of the Lord Jesus, namely to make all nations become His disciples. The church exists today because there was a church in the past, hope to continue learning about history because from history there will be a lot to know about what happened in the past as a positive lesson in the present.AbstrakSejarah Gereja bukan suatu tulisan yang tidak berlaku atau yang sudah usang, tetapi sejarah gereja memiliki peranan penting untuk dipelajari. Karena dalam sejarah gereja terdapat bagian-bagian yang penting untuk dapat dijadikan sebagai suatu pengajaran bagi gereja masa kini. Chrestus adalah suatu sebutan untuk pengikut Kristus, dan orang-orang Kristen dijadikan sebagai pelampiasan kesenangan pada saat mereka dianiaya, diadu dengan binatang lapar, dijadikan obor sebagai penerang taman, hampir 250 tahun orang-orang Kristen dianiaya tidak diberikan kebebasan oleh negara bahkan jika ada masalah-masalah seperti kebakaran yang penyebabnya itu adalah orang Kristen karena mereka tidak menyembah dewa mereka sehingga dewa murka. Edik Milan adalah suatu Surat Keputusan yang dikeluarkan pada tahun 313 yang sangat berpengaruh bagi kebebasan gereja untuk melaksanakan kegiatan ibadah-ibadah. Arti Edik adalah: ”perintah yang dilakukan oleh penguasa.” Milan adalah ”negara Roma tempat pemerintahan Romawi berkuasa.” Dengan dikeluarkan Edik Milan ini oleh Konstantinu Agung penguasa kekaisaran Romawi memberikan secercah harapan dalam kebebasan dalam melaksanakan ibadah. Peristiwa yang pernah terjadi pada gereja pada masa dulu adalah suatu motivasi bagi gereja untuk tetap menjalankan perintah Tuhan Yesus yaitu untuk menjadikan semua bangsa menjadi murid-Nya. Gereja ada pada hari ini karena ada gereja pada masa lalu, harapan teruslah belajar tentang sejarah karena dari sejarah akan banyak diketahui apa yang terjadi pada masa lalu sebagai suatu pembelajaran yang positif pada masa kini.
Pentingnya Kualitas Guru dan Keterlibatan Orang tua dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Siswa
Authors: Ayok Melkius
Published: October 2021

The teacher has a very important role in the success of their students because children cannot succeed without good guidance from the teacher. Teachers must really have good quality in educating their students and also the role of the teacher as a good guide so that children can experience changes in achieving success in the future. The success of students is not only the responsibility and role of the teacher but also how the involvement of parents also has an important role to make their children succeed in the future. In fact, children spend more time with their parents than with teachers, therefore the involvement of parents is expected to be able to provide good education to their children so that their children can achieve success in the future. Abstrak: Guru memiliki suatu peranan yang sangat penting dalam keberhasilan anak didiknya, karena anak tidak dapat berhasil tanpa adanya bimbingan yang baik dari guru. Guru harus benar-benar memiliki kualitas yang baik dalam mendidik anak didiknya dan juga peran guru sebagai pembimbing yang baik agar anak dapat mengalami perubahan dalam mencapai suatu keberhasilan di masa yang akan datang. Keberhasilan anak didik bukan hanya semata-mata adalah tanggung jawab dan peran guru saja, melaikan bagaimana keterlibatan orang tua juga yang memiliki suatu peranan yang penting untuk membuat anaknya dapat berhasilan di masa yang akan datang. Sebenarnya anak lebih banyak waktunya bersama dengan orang tua dibandingkan dengan guru, oleh karena itu keterlibatan orang tua sangat diharapkan untuk dapat memberikan edukasi yang baik kepada anaknya agar anaknya bisa mencapai suatu keberhasilan di masa yang akan datang.
Ibadah yang Sejati menurut Deskripsi Yohanes 4:23-24
Authors: Ginting Alex Stefanus , Sembiring Ewin Johan , Marbun Ernida , Siregar Asa Binsar
Published: October 2021

Worship is the function of the church in worshiping God so that understanding worship becomes the basis for our worship practice. This research will explore true worship according to the teachings of Jesus Christ in John 4:23-24. The deepening of this teaching will use the descriptive research method. Researchers will remove the true meaning of worship that Jesus meant in John 4:23-24 and also conduct a literature study to support this understanding more clearly. This study found three results from the exploration of true worship, namely true worship is sought by the Father, true worship is worshiping in spirit and truth and the purpose of true worship is for the glory of the Father.AbstrakIbadah merupakan fungsi gereja dalam menyembah kepada Allah sehingga pemahaman akan ibadah menjadi dasar praktek ibadah kita. Penelitian ini akan mendalami ibadah sejati menurut ajaran Yesus Kristus di dalam Yohanes 4:23-24.  Pendalaman ajaran ini akan mengunakan metode penelitian deskripsi. Peneliti akan mengeluarkan arti ibadah dari sejati yang dimaksudkan Yesus di dalam Yohanes 4:23-24 dan juga mengadakan studi kepustakaan untuk mendukung pengertian ini lebih jelas lagi.  Penelitian ini menemukan tiga hasil dari eksplorasi tentang ibadah yang sejati yaitu Ibadah yang sejati dicari Bapa, Ibadah yang sejati menyembah dalam roh dan kebenaran dan tujuan ibadah sejati untuk kemuliaan Bapa.
DRUG PROFILE OF ANASTROZOLE: AN AROMATASE INHIBITOR
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry I.S.F. College of Pharmacy, Moga – 142001, Punjab, India., Kaur P. , Kumari J , Kumari M , Rani A , Bansal A. , Kaur M , Gill R. K. , Bariwal J
Published: October 2021

Anastrozole is a selective non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor and is the first drug approved by FDA in adjuvant hormonal therapy. Anastrozole was proved superior to tamoxifen for the treatment of hormoneresponsive breast cancer. In this review, we have highlighted the profile of this drug including its pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, drug interactions, clinical studies and side effects.
ENHANCED DISSOLUTION OF A POORLY WATER-SOLUBLE DRUG BY SOLID DISPERSIONS (SOLVENT EVAPORATION) TECHNIQUE
Authors:   H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and research, Shirpur- 425405, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India., Sonawane R. O , Nayak S. , Chaudhari M. D. , Pande V. V.
Published: October 2021

The poorly water soluble drugs tend to have low bioavailability and this can be improved by several methods. Solid dispersion is a promising formulation approach to improve solubility and dissolution and ultimately oral bioavailability of these drugs. The aim of this study was to prepare and characterize solid dispersion of anti-diabetic glimepiride, a BCS class II drug, with the hydrophilic carrier PVP K30 by solvent evaporation and microwave induced fusion methods. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X–ray powder diffractometry (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) were used to evaluate the physical state of the drug. The solid dispersions were also evaluated for drug content, solubility and dissolution studies. Solid dispersions prepared by solvent evaporation method were showed maximum enhancement of solubility and dissolution in comparison to that prepared by other method.
AN ENHANCEMENT OF SOLUBILITY OF PIOGLITAZONE HYDROCHLORIDE USING LIQUISOLID TECHNIQUE
Authors:   Anuradha College of Pharmacy, Anuradha Nagar, Chikhli. 443201 Dist- Buldana, Maharashtra, India., Deshmane S , Gandhi K , Nagpure S. , Sawant A. , Biyani K.
Published: October 2021

The new mathematical model was developed by studying angle of slide using N, N-dimethyl acetamide, non-volatile liquid vehicle and prepared liquisolid tablets, in which the different concentrations of non-volatile liquid adsorbed over carrier and coating material separately. Both DSC and FT-IR study showed better compatibility and stability. The optimized formulation showed higher drug release during in-vitro and in-vivo study against conventional and marketed preparation. The present work concludes that N, N-dimethyl acetamide enhanced the solubility of pioglitazone HCl with higher dissolution rate through liquisolid technique.
APPLICATION OF UV-SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOR DETERMINATION OF ZILEUTON IN BULK AND IN TABLETS
Authors:   R.C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical,  Education and Research Shirpur - 425 405, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, India., Ganorkar S. B. , Dhumal D. M , Shirkhedkar A. A
Published: October 2021

Zileuton is an orally active inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and found to inhibit leukotrienes (LTB4 , LTC4, LTD4 , and LTE4) formation and well-known for the effective treatment of asthma. Rapid, economical and simple ‘Zero order UV-spectrophotometry’ and ‘First order derivative UV-spectrophotometry’ have been developed for estimation zileuton in bulk and in-house tablets. Zileuton showed maximum absorbance at 258.4 nm in 0.01M NaOH. For Zero order UV-spectrophotometric method (Method I), two wavelengths 243.4 nm and 271.0 nm were selected for the determination of area under curve (AUC). In First order derivative UV-spectrophotometry (Method II), two wavelengths 260.0 nm and 279.60 nm were selected for determination of AUC. For both these methods, zileuton followed linearity in the concentration range of 4 - 24 µg/ mL with correlation coefficient value of 0.999. Both methods were validated as per ICH guidelines.
DESIGN AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL FILMS OF LERCANIDIPINE HCL
Authors:   N.E.T Pharmacy College, Navodaya Nagar, Mantralayam Road, Raichur, 584103, Karnataka, India., Doddayya H. , Patil S.S , Suman M , Kumar P , Udupi R.H.
Published: October 2021

Lercanidipine hydrochloride, an anti hypertension drug, undergoes extensive first pass metabolism to inactive metabolites leading to very poor oral bioavailability. To overcome this problem, buccal films of Lercanidipine hydrochloride were prepared by solvent casting method, employing HPMC, HPC (alone and in combination with PVP) and PVP K30. The film thickness, weight, folding endurance, mucoadhesive strength and time were dependent on the nature and concentration of polymers used. The optimized film (F12, HPMC 3% and PVP 1.5%) showed: Swelling index (51.26 ± 1.90 %), ex vivo mucoadhesive strength (12.64 ± 0.83 grams) and time (3.6 ± 0.5hrs). In vitro drug release was inversely proportional to the polymeric concentration. Ex- vivo drug release studies carried out using goat buccal membrane was slower (42.90%, 6 hrs) compared to in vitro drug release (74.2%, 8hrs) for the same formulation (F12). The drug release mechanism for the optimized formulation followed zero order kinetics. FT-IR and DSC studies revealed the absence of any interaction between the formulation ingredients. The films remained stable during the accelerated stability conditions.
EVALUATION OF MARKET SAMPLES OF 'MAYUR PUCCHA BHASMA' USING NAMBURI PHASED SPOT TEST (NPST)
Authors:   Department of Rasashastra, K.L.E.U’s Shri B.M.K. Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Shahapur, Belgaum 590003, Karnataka, India., Kotrannavar V.S , Sarashetty R.S , Tambhekar N.
Published: October 2021

Mayur Puccha Bhasma(calx of peacock feather), an unique animal product used traditionally in the management of Chardhi (vomiting), Hikka (hiccough), Swasa (respiratory disorder) was prepared according to the prescription in the Ayurvedic classics and subjected to various bhasma pariksha (tests for calx),including the Namburi Phased Spot Test (NPST), one of the qualitative tests described for various Ayurvedic preparations. NPST helps to differentiate between, and thus identify, various bhasmas (calx). It depends upon the pattern of the spot, which develops after a specific chemical reaction. Mayur Puccha Bhasma prepared by classical reference in our department along with three market samples were subjected to above said tests and the results were compared. The various bhasmas exhibited marked differences in color, and though NPST yielded desired results for all the samples, there were difference in their spot pattern and color. The bhasma prepared in our department produced the nearest results to standard NPST of Mayur Puccha Bhasma.
PHARMACEUTICO ANALYTICAL STUDY OF GANDHAKA TAILA
Authors:   Department of Rasashastra, K.L.E.University’s Shri.B.M.K. Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya, Shahapur, Belgaum 590003, Karnataka, India., Kotrannavar V.S , Kotrannavar S.S , Vaidya S. S
Published: October 2021

Gandhaka taila is a compound ayurvedic formulation prepared from gandhaka (sulphur), goghrita (cow’s ghee), Arka ksheera (latex of Calotropis procera) and Snuhi ksheera (latex of Euphorbia nerifolia).This preparation is mainly used in the management of kustha (skin disorders) and pama (scabies). In this study Gandhaka taila was prepared with classical procedure, by applying paste of gandhaka (sulphur), ghee on cotton cloth dipped in Arka ksheera (latex of Calotropis procera), Snuhi ksheera (latex of Euphorbia nerifolia) and burning this wick to collect taila (oil) and finished product was subjected to physico-chemical and chromatographic study to assess the chemical components and to lay-down the pharmacopeial standards for Gandhaka taila. The Gandhaka taila shows that it contains inorganic elements like Ca, Mg, Fe, S as sulphide and Rf value for TLC is 0.58, HPTLC shows 3 peaks, alkaline pH(7.74), less moisture content (0.13%), Sp. gravity 1.043, Total Ash value 0.125%, Refractive index 1.468, Saponification value 46.28, Iodine value 4.69, Fat contents 95.83 %.
DISSOLUTION METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE CAPSULES
Authors:   Department of Quality Assurance, Sultan–Ul–Uloom College of Pharmacy Road No.3, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500034, Andhra Pradesh, India., Farheen H , Mamatha . T , Yasmeen Z , Venkateswara Rao J.
Published: October 2021

A dissolution method was developed and validated for evaluation of the dissolution behavior of capsule dosage form of tramadol hydrochloride as there was no official method available. The UV spectrophotometric method developed was based on the direct estimation method using 271 nm as λmax of tramadol hydrochloride. The method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines which include accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, and analytical range. In addition, solubility and stability of the drug in dissolution medium i.e., 0.1 N HCl was studied. The established dissolution conditions were 900 mL dissolution medium at temperature 37 ± 0.5°C, using USP apparatus I at stirring rate of 100 rpm for 30 min. The corresponding dissolution profiles were constructed and all the selected brands showed more than 80% drug release with in 30 min. Thus, the proposed dissolution method can be applied successfully for the quality control of tramadol hydrochloride capsules.
DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL IN-SITU LIQUID BANDAGES OF DICLOFENAC SODIUM
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics M.S. Ramaiah College of Pharmacy, M.S.R. Nagar M.S.R.I.T Post, Bangalore- 560 054, India., Harish T. , Deveswaran R. , Bharath S , Basavaraj B.V , Madhavan V.
Published: October 2021

The present work was aimed at developing dermatologically acceptable film forming composition containing an anti-inflammatory agent. The prepared liquid bandages were found to be opaque, compatible, possessing high drug content with sufficient viscosity and thickness. Pores were observed on the surface and texture was found to be rough. The prepared formulations were found to be stable in terms of sedimentation and viscosity during the stability study. The release of drug was prolonged up to 4 hours from the liquid bandages. Thus its application can be explored in various formulations by using the described methodology.
THERMOREVERSIBLE, MUCOADHESIVE IN SITU GELLING FORMULATIONS FOR NASAL DELIVERY OF PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE
Authors:   Department of Pharmaceutics Government College of Pharmacy, No.2, P. Kalinga Rao Road, Bangalore – 560 027, India., Bhat R , Abbas Z. , Swamy N.G.N.
Published: October 2021

Mucoadhesive, thermoreversible propranolol hydrochloride formulations were made to overcome firstpass metabolism, to prolong the drug residence time in the nasal cavity and to improve the therapeutic efficacy. In situ gelling formulations were prepared by cold technique using Pluronic F-127, Pluronic F-68 / Polyvinyl Alcohol complex and Carbopol 934P as the mucoadhesive polymer. Formulations were so modulated as to have gelation temperature below 340C to ensure gelation at the physiological temperature after intranasal administration. Gelation was characterized by physical appearance as well as by rheological evaluation. The gelation temperature decreased with increase in Carbopol concentration, whereas mucoadhesive force increased. The formulations displayed a thixotropic behaviour. The pH of the nasal gels was found to be in the range of 5.3 to 5.6 very much ideal for nasal delivery. The results of in vitro drug diffusion studies across the sheep nasal mucosa indicated that the drug release increased with increase in Carbopol concentration. The release was found to be matrix diffusion controlled and occurred by Fickian mechanism. It could be concluded that, the mucoadhesive, in situ gelling formulations of propranolol hydrochloride proved to be physically stable, convenient, effective nasal delivery systems ensuring prolonged nasal residence and assuring enhanced absorption.
Elementos clave de la innovación empresarial. Una revisión desde las tendencias contemporáneas
Authors: Canizales Muñoz Luis Dario
Published: October 2021

La innovación marca la diferencia entre la supervivencia o la desaparición de una empresa. En un mundo globalizado el innovar es una tarea a ser desarrollada a diario, es un proceso continuo y dinámico, no estacional. La innovación debe ir de la mano con la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, pues debe propender por ser un instrumento que proporcione una ventaja competitiva para la empresa y al mismo tiempo un beneficio real para todos los grupos de interés y para el medio ambiente. Si bien los distintos avances tecnológicos han ido reconfigurando las estructuras convencionales del empleo, las organizaciones deben procurar fortalecer a toda costa su talento humano, al ser su principal activo y del cual surgen las ideas innovadoras. El mundo como tal está cambiando a una velocidad vertiginosa y esto hace que tanto las organizaciones como las personas deban buscar la manera de estar a la vanguardia y de mantener una actitud de constante aprendizaje, con el ánimo de fortalecer aquellas habilidades clave para asumir los nuevos retos propios del cambio. El reto será entonces poder equilibrar los intereses de los diferentes grupos involucrados: los empresarios y accionistas esperan apalancarse en la innovación para disminuir costos y aumentar su rentabilidad, los empleados confían en conservar sus puestos de trabajo y seguir generando ideas, y la sociedad en general demanda aporte de valor desde las empresas hacia su entorno, ayudando a las comunidades donde se instalan y realizando acciones eficaces para el cuidando el medio ambiente. La especie humana ha sobrevivido y prevalecido gracias a su capacidad creativa, pero también puede ser culpable de su propia debacle si no le apuesta a una innovación responsable de generar beneficios integrales y un crecimiento sostenido para todas las partes interesadas.
Evolución de las habilidades laborales en la industria 4.0 y su impacto financiero
Authors: Castellanos Rivero Paris Anaid , Escott Mota María del Pilar
Published: October 2021

La industria 4.0 se está preparando para transformar el trabajo a un ritmo acelerado a través de tecnologías que crecen exponencialmente; como la inteligencia artificial, la robótica avanzada, la automatización cognitiva, el análisis avanzado y el Internet de las cosas. Es probable que la tecnología cree más empleos de los que destruye, como lo ha hecho históricamente, de tal forma que quienes van a perder sus trabajos en esta transición podrían ser los menos preparados para aprovechar las nuevas oportunidades que las nuevas tecnologías ofrecen. Por consiguiente, la presente investigación tiene como objetivo explorar e identificar las habilidades futuras de capacitación para la industria 4.0 y el impacto financiero que les ha generado. La exploración de literatura permite concluir que las competencias de hoy no se ajustarán a los trabajos del mañana y las nuevas competencias adquiridas pueden quedar desfasadas rápidamente. Las empresas, el trabajo y la economía se están viendo impactados por la automatización y la inteligencia artificial. La tecnología esta inmiscuida con todas las funciones de las organizaciones y cada día será más importante. Por esta razón, después del reciente acontecimiento del COVID -19, los gobiernos, las empresas y la sociedad deben prepararse mejor tecnológicamente a medida que se tomen acciones para evitar la disrupción de las operaciones y continuar laborando en tiempos en donde existe un distanciamiento social.
Retos de los auditores latinos frente a la pospandemia 2020- tareas por cumplir
Authors: Amado Piñeros Martha Isabel , Rodríguez Rodríguez Ricardo Andrés
Published: October 2021

Los procesos sociales se han visto permeados de modificaciones en tiempos y espacios debidos a la proliferación de manera sorpresiva del COVID- 19. En esta realidad se han percibido acciones desleales frente al uso y destinación de recursos que llegan como ayudas o donaciones a sectores desprotegidos. La labor del auditor consiste en el análisis y denuncia de casos de corrupción entre los más sonados. El siguiente articulo pretende describir cuales son los retos de los auditores frente a situaciones de fraude, desfalco, malversación de fondos en los sectores públicos de ayudas humanitarias a nivel nacional y Latinoamérica pospandemia, que repercute en la profesión contable. La metodología es deductiva con investigación documental partiendo de los informes de gestión de la Procuraduría y Contraloría para los primeros seis meses del año 2020 y de los organismos de control a nivel Latinoamérica con enfoque en auditoria de gestión. Se realizó una encuesta a contadores con experiencia en auditoria por un periodo de 15 días dispuesta en formulario virtual. Dentro de los principales resultados se destacan el diseño de estrategias y definición de planes de acción preliminares para los organismos encargados de hacer seguimiento a las gestiones de los funcionarios líderes del control de los recursos dejados bajo su responsabilidad. Así mismo, se percibe una inclinación a trabar en equipo frente a las situaciones descritas de comportamiento profesional en temas de control pospandemia.
The Impact of Covid-19 on Employee Welfare and Human Resource Management in Indonesia
Authors:   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Antoni M Yusuf , Rusminingsih Diah
Published: October 2021

The research investigates the impact of COVID 19 by looking at the change in the average income of employees in the research object for 24 months, namely January 2019 to month 1 and December 2020 to month 24, both those who are still working and have already worked. sent home or who lost his job. We conducted online surveys and in-depth interviews regarding the monthly income and workplace conditions of 400 respondents in Jakarta and Bandung. We focus on three things, namely the respondent's income, the change in the average number of employees at the respondent's workplace, the Indonesian government assistance received by respondents before and during the coronavirus pandemic, the respondents' expenditure or consumption, then the regression is carried out using the moving average autoregression method. . We find that economic policies have a more positive impact on the level of public consumption than the assistance provided by the Indonesian government. Where employment opportunities have a more positive impact than providing subsidies or assistance during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Human Capital and Business Growth in Indonesia
Authors:   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Handayani Nur , Sasongko Budi
Published: October 2021

This study investigates 84 companies in Bandung and Jakarta (Indonesia) related to business growth, human capital investment including education investment, health investment and work equipment using secondary data collection methods from related companies and in-depth interviews with 84 employees who are very familiar with the company's business operations then quantified using the autoregression moving average method. We found that investment in education and investment in health had a significant positive relationship with business growth. However, investment in work equipment is negatively related. This shows that the higher human capital in the company is related to the efficiency of investment in work equipment.
Human Resource Management System and Internet Technology Revolution in Malaysia
Authors:   European School of Economics, Laura Claudia ,   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Harnani Sri
Published: October 2021

This study tested the Human Resource Management System model in 2612 small and medium scale companies in Malaysia by selecting the sample by random sampling method using an online interview system. We examine four aspects of management, namely income, human capital investment, technology investment, investment in operational aids using the quantitative descriptive method of the ordinary least square model. We find that there is a positive relationship between investment in human capital, technology and operational aids and income.
Impact of Human Capital on Aggregate Organization Performance in Malaysia
Authors:   Humboldt University of Berlin, Schneider Clara ,   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Budhi Irawan Cahya
Published: October 2021

This study examines the impact of human capital on the aggregate performance of companies in Malaysia using the OECD's Human Capital Acquisition Index (OECD) using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) qualitative method. Based on the estimation results we find that human capital acquisition has a positive relationship with company performance in Malaysia.
Impact of Macro Economy on Financial Stability in Malaysia
Authors:   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Hadi Prabowo Bambang , Garcia Maria ,   European School of Economics
Published: October 2021

Research studies the influence of macroeconomic factors (inflation, exchange rates, and interest rates) and bank-specific factors (credit) on Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) in Malaysia for the period 2015 to 2018. This study uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to determine the effect of variables. independent consisting of macroeconomic factors and bank-specific factors. Based on the VECM estimation results, three variables that have a positive and significant effect on long-term NPL are credit, inflation and interest rates. Meanwhile, in the short term, there are only two variables that have a positive and significant effect on NPL, namely credit and interest rates. Inflation and exchange rate variables have a negative and insignificant effect on NPL in the short term.
The Effect Of The Ratio Of The Money Supply, The Ratio Of Bank Credit, And The Ratio Of Domestic Savings To Economic Growth In Malaysia
Authors:   European School of Economics, Garcia Maria ,   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Puspaningtyas Meinarti
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the money supply ratio, bank credit ratio, and domestic saving ratio on economic growth. both in the short and long term. Empirically, this study uses secondary data in the form of quarterly data during the 2008 - 2018 period with the Error Correction Model (ECM) method. We find that the money supply ratio, bank credit ratio, and domestic saving ratio have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in Malaysia.
Education, Work Participation and Economic Growth in Indonesia
Authors:   STIE Jaya Negara Tamansiswa Malang, Kholik M , Priyanto Eddy
Published: October 2021

This study examines government investment in education, job opportunities as reflected in work participation and its impact on economic growth by using secondary data from world banks using the moving average autoregression method. We find that work participation, education investment is positively related to economic growth.
LA EVIDENCIA DIGITAL EN EL PROCESO PENAL Y LA PRESERVACIÓN DE LOS DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALES
Authors: M. Rodrigo Fernando
Published: October 2021

As novas tecnologias da informação e da comunicação (TIC) modificaram o nosso cotidiano. O indivíduo social perdeu seu anonimato comunicacional para se converter em fonte comunicacional registrável. Desse modo, a constante comunicação do sujeito na modernidade, mediante estas ferramentas, permite claramente novos mecanismos de controle estatal. A prova digital é a informação dos dados que foram armazenados ou transmitidos em um formato digital ou através de um meio informático e que possua valor probatório. Consequentemente, a manipulação e o exame das provas eletrônicas são uma tarefa que requer particular cuidado em consideração às características especiais da prova digital, porque, entre outras coisas, esta classe de prova pode se reproduzir e se alterar facilmente, dado que é maleável, o que a tornando vulnerável. Ao longo do presente trabalho, será possível identificar as diferenças que a prova digital tem em relação à prova física e, como consequência disso, é analisada a problemática que gera a aplicação da regulamentação atual com base na prova digital e a incidência que a ela tem nos diferentes crimes, especialmente nos crimes informáticos. Não há dúvida de que os ambientes digitais e as novas formas de comunicação, por meio dos quais há interação social que inclui aspectos íntimos e privados depositados e registrados, são áreas que merecem proteção contra a interferência do Estado.
MODELO TOULMIN DE ARGUMENTAÇÃO E O JULGAMENTO PELO TRIBUNAL DO JÚRI
Authors: Frota Loureiro Ythalo
Published: October 2021

O artigo busca investigar como o modelo Toulmin de argumentação poderia ser aplicado na fase de julgamento pelo Tribunal do Júri. Como metodologia, utiliza-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e artigos científicos sobre o layout de argumento apresentado no livro The Uses of Argument. Como resultado, verificam-se os elementos essenciais da argumentação. A regra de inferência, entre dados (D) e conclusão (C), é justificada pelas garantias (W) e seus apoios (B), que, por sua vez, precisa ser confrontada com as refutações (R) e modelada pelo qualificador (Q). Esta estrutura argumentativa pode ser utilizada para justificar as regras de inferência que são extraídas na forma dos quesitos submetidos aos jurados, através dos quais se extrai o resultado do julgamento.
MEDIDAS PARA A EFETIVIDADE DA EXECUÇÃO DO TERMO DE COMPROMISSO DE AJUSTAMENTO DE CONDUTA
Authors: Antonio Locatelli Paulo
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo aborda as medidas judiciais cabíveis para garantir a efetividade da execução judicial dos TACs, apresentando diversos instrumentos disponíveis para a busca do adimplemento das obrigações assumidas quando do ajustamento ou alcançar o resultado prático equivalente. Mais do que um acordo com o MP, o TAC relacionado ao tema ambiental-urbanístico constitui um pacto com a Terra. O TAC dispõe sobre interesses supraindividuais e é um instrumento voluntário sendo que o modo, o tempo e o local do cumprimento das obrigações são firmados de maneira a atender as necessidades do bem jurídico atingido, fixando as condições do compromissário.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN HUKUM BARANG ASET KANTOR PENGHUBUNG KABUPATEN BUTON DI KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Wahyu WAHYU PRIANTO
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian yaitu Untuk mengetahui Pertanggungjawaban  Barang Milik Daerah pada Kantor Penghubung Kabupaten Buton Di Kota Kendari dan juga mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam Pertanggungjawaban terhadap  Barang Milik Daerah Pada Kantor Penghubung Kabupaten Buton Di Kota Kendari. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis empiris yaitu secara yuridis melihat Peraturan tentang pengelolaan barang milik daerah untuk mendapatkan norma dari bentuk pertanggungjawaban dari pengelolaan barang milik daerah. Kemudian di lihat secara empiris yaitu melihat peroses pengelolaan barang milik daerah di kantor penghubung kabupaten buton di kendari. Adapun jenis dan sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi dan wawancara yang di analisis secara deskriptif kualitatif untuk menelaah data-data yang dideskripsikan untuk menjawab permasalahan yang dirumuskan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pertanggungjawaban hukum atas pengelolaan barang milik pemerintah di kantor penghubung kabupaten buton di kendari sangat tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan, salahsatunya karena barang milik daerah saat ini dapat sembarangan dipindahtangankan tanpa memenuhi persyaratan yang telah diatur dalam hukum yang mengatur tentang barang milik daerah
Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Kegiatan Tambang Galian C Ilegal di Kabupaten Wakatobi
Authors: Andriana Apep
Published: October 2021

Pertambangan adalah sebagian atau seluruh tahapan kegiatan dalam rangka, penelitian, pengelolaan dan pengusahaan mineral atau batubara yang meliputi penyelidikan umum, eksplorasi, studi kelayakan, konstruksi, penambangan, pengelolaan dan pemurnian, pengangkutan dan penjualan serta kegiatan pascatambang. Dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan usaha pertambangan, izin usaha merupakan instrumen yang sangat penting sebagai bentuk pengendalian pencemaran dan kerusakan lingkungan hidup. Kegiatan pertambangan yang tidak memiliki izin harus diproses sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum yang berlaku. Kegiatan pertambangan jenis golongan C atau batuan di wilayah Kabupaten Wakatobi masih banyak yang belum mengantongi izin atau ilegal. Kegiatan tersebut sudah berlangsung dalam rentan waktu yang cukup lama. Hal ini kalau dibiarkan akan menimbulkan dampak kerusakan bagi lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana penegakan hukum terhadap penambangan golongan  C atau batuan yang dilakukan secara ilegal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder serta wawancara. Hasil penelitian penegakan hukum terhadap pertambangan galian golongan C atau batuan secara ilegal di Kabupaten Wakatobi sudah berlangsung lama dan cenderung dibiarkan, namun saat ini penindakan terhadap para penambang ilegal tersebut telah tersentuh oleh hukum sehingga kegiatan tersebut sudah mulai terhenti.