bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vibrations of beams with a breathing crack and large amplitude displacements
Authors: Neves Carneiro Gonçalo , Ribeiro Pedro
Published: June 2015

The vibrations of beams with a breathing crack are investigated taking into account geometrical non-linear effects. The crack is modeled via a function that reduces the stiffness, as proposed by Christides and Barr (One-dimensional theory of cracked Bernoulli–Euler beams. Int J Mech Sci 1984). The bilinear behavior due to the crack closing and opening is considered. The equations of motion are obtained via a p-version finite element method, with shape functions recently proposed, which are adequate for problems with abrupt localised variations. To analyse the dynamics of cracked beams, the equations of motion are solved in the time domain, via Newmark's method, and the ensuing displacements, velocities and accelerations are examined. For that purpose, time histories, projections of trajectories on phase planes, and Fourier spectra are obtained. It is verified that the breathing crack introduce asymmetries in the response, and that velocities and accelerations can be more affected than displacements by the breathing crack.
Nurses’ knowledge and performance of the patients’ bill of rights
Authors: Sheikhtaheri Abbas , Jabali Monireh Sadeqi , Dehaghi Zahra Hashemi
Published: June 2015

Background:

Observance of the patients’ bill of rights is one of the main features of moral codes in hospitals. In this regard, nurses bear great responsibility because they spend a long time with patients. Therefore, the continuous evaluation of the nurses’ performance and assessing their knowledge about the patients’ bill of rights are a need.

Objectives:

We aimed to determine the nurses’ awareness of the patients’ rights and measure their performance in this regard.

Research design and participants:

This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2013. To measure the nurses’ knowledge and performance, 250 nurses and 300 patients were surveyed. The participants were selected randomly from five teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. Two questionnaires, one for nurses (17 questions) and the other for patients (11 questions), were applied. The data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Ethical consideration:

The research protocol was submitted and approved by the research and ethics committees of the participating hospitals. Additionally, the consent of all of the participants was obtained before the study.

Findings:

The mean score of the nurses’ knowledge regarding the patients’ rights was acceptable (69.85 ± 11.7 of 85). Furthermore, the mean score of nurses’ performance in observing the patients’ rights was relatively acceptable (11.2 ± 4.6 of 22). More experienced and educated nurses had higher knowledge regarding the patients’ rights, and patients with higher education level or experience of being hospitalized were less satisfied with the nurses’ performance.

Conclusion:

Nurses’ knowledge of the patients’ bill of rights was acceptable; however, observance of the patients’ rights was not. It seems that notification of the patients’ bill of rights has increased the nurses’ awareness of the patients’ rights, although improvement of the nurses’ performance needs more extensive measures.
Who Rules Home Care? The Impact of Privatization on Profitability, Cost, and Quality
Authors: Cabin William
Published: June 2015

This article explores the literature, including two recent studies, on whether home health agency (HHA) ownership type plays a significant role in agency quality, cost, and profitability. The literature is limited, except for the two recent studies that use a merged database created from the Medicare Home Health Compare and the 2010 Medicare home health cost reports databases. One study found statistically significant differences between proprietary and non-profit HHAs: Proprietary agencies have lower overall quality, higher profitability, higher costs per patient, and more visits per patient, with therapy visits accounting for a larger share of the total. However, the second study found that the explanatory value of ownership is limited, with the number of HHAs in the state and therapy visits as a percentage of total visits having a significant influence on cost and quality when combined with ownership compared with ownership alone. Policy, practice, and research implications are discussed.
An analysis of Canadian physical education curricula
Authors: Kilborn Michelle , Lorusso Jenna , Francis Nancy
Published: June 2015

There has been much international concern about the present and future status of school physical education. Recent research has employed surveys or case studies to examine the status of physical education but there is a dearth of in-depth physical education curriculum document analysis. The aim of this study is to contribute to the international discussion about physical education curricula by expanding upon previous interpretations of Canada’s physical education curricula and addressing additional aspects that may have been overlooked. Results of an analysis of Canada’s 10 provincial physical education curricula reveal trends and themes related to instructional time allocations, curricular aim statements, curricular organizing categories and learning outcome statements. While the stated aim of physical education curricula in Canada is focused on healthy, active living, there is evidence that the specific content of the learning outcome statements are more focused on movement skills, games and sport technique. This contradiction sparks further discussion about the philosophical and theoretical underpinnings of physical education curricula and the importance of understanding what has, is, and perhaps should be influencing decisions about curriculum development throughout the world.
On microstructure and strength properties of microwave welded Inconel 718/ stainless steel (SS-316L)
Authors: Bansal Amit , Sharma Apurbba Kumar , Das Shantanu , Kumar Pradeep
Published: June 2015

Microstructure and mechanical properties of microwave welded Inconel 718/ austenitic stainless steel (SS-316L) were investigated in this work. Principles of microwave hybrid heating were effectively applied for joining of Inconel 718/SS-316L using Inconel 718 powder as an interfacing layer between the candidate surfaces. Experiments were carried out in a thermally insulating box placed inside an industrial microwave applicator for a duration of 600 s. The microwave-induced dissimilar welds were characterized using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope, microhardness tester, and universal testing machine. The X-ray diffraction study of the fusion zone showed the presence of various carbides and intermetallics. Microstructural study revealed metallurgical bonding between the two faying surfaces with no sign of interfacial cracking. The elemental analysis of the welded zone confirms dilution of Inconel 718 powder across the joint interface during microwave hybrid heating. The average microhardness on the joint interface was observed to be 230 ± 5 HV; the average porosity was monitored to be 0.94%. The average ultimate tensile strength of the microwave welds was monitored as 517.5 MPa with 18.18% elongation. The fractography study reveals a mixed mode of failure of the joints during tensile testing.
Curcumin Inhibits Invasiveness and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Through Reducing Matrix Metalloproteinase 2, 9 and Modulating p53-E-Cadherin Pathway
Authors: Lee Alan Yueh-Luen , Fan Chi-Chen , Chen Yen-An , Cheng Chieh-Wen , Sung Ya-Ju , Hsu Chih-Ping , Kao Ting-Yu
Published: June 2015

Hypotheses. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and invasion play a critical role in cancer progression and metastasis. We have shown that low E-cadherin and high Twist expression are significantly correlated with prognostic survival prediction in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aimed to determine the anti-invasive effect of curcumin on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and of EMT regulators in OSCC. Methods. SCC-25 cells were treated with curcumin, and cell proliferation, invasion, and expression of MMPs and EMT regulators were assessed for cell viability by trypan blue exclusion, for invasion by Matrigel invasion chamber, and for EMT regulators and MMP changes in the levels of proteins by immunoblotting. Results. Our data showed that curcumin treatment not only decreased the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 to inhibit invasiveness in oral cancer but also modulated the expression of EMT markers, such as Snail, Twist, and E-cadherin, and induced p53 expression that is crucial to EMT repression. Conclusion. Curcumin has the potential to become an adjunctive regimen for the prevention of cancer progression and metastasis in oral cancer.
Creating the Practice for the Future
Authors: Blue Tom
Published: June 2015

The transition into the next era of medicine has placed the US health care system in an awkward and ironic moment. At a time when the country faces its greatest need for its physicians to rally to the cause of restoring, protecting, and growing the health of its citizens, the health care system remains antagonistic to physicians. At a time when the country needs more doctors than ever to serve its aging and ailing population, the health care system has made it difficult to choose the practice of medicine as a career. The preservation and elevation of the independent physician in modern society is opined here as a national imperative that has been ignored at risk to the health of the nation.
Closing America’s Fiber Intake Gap
Authors: Quagliani Diane , Felt-Gunderson Patricia
Published: June 2015

Adequate intake of dietary fiber is associated with digestive health and reduced risk for heart disease, stroke, hypertension, certain gastrointestinal disorders, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and certain cancers. According to consumer research, the public is aware of the benefits of fiber and most people believe they consume enough fiber. However, national consumption surveys indicate that only about 5% of the population meets recommendations, and inadequate intakes have been called a public health concern. To address the fiber consumption gap and formulate potential solutions, researchers, educators, and communicators convened at a Food & Fiber Summit on January 28, 2014, in Washington, DC. Panelists and attendees devised communication strategies to correct consumer misperceptions about fiber. These misperceptions include commonly held beliefs that all whole-grain foods are good sources of fiber and that foods with fiber are expensive, unpalatable, and complicated to prepare. To help close the fiber intake gap, nutrition and health educators can use communication strategies such as providing clear and concise information, recommending flavorful fiber-rich foods, and describing the benefits of adequate fiber intake. Several supporting messages were developed to effectively communicate about fiber. An example is to advise people to consistently check nutrition labels to find good sources of fiber.
A framework for Industrial Product–Service Systems risk management
Authors: Zheng Maokuan , Ming Xinguo , Li Miao , He Lina
Published: June 2015

With the fast development of service economy, researches and applications of Industrial Product–Service Systems have become popular. Advantages and benefits of Industrial Product–Service Systems are widely discussed, while risks and uncertainties resulting from this transformation tide are rarely investigated. There are strong appeals from the industry for a holistic Industrial Product–Service Systems risk management architecture. Based on a full review on the existing work, an Industrial Product–Service Systems risk management framework integrating multiple methods is proposed trying to provide a possible solution. Structure–process correlation analysis is used for Industrial Product–Service Systems modeling. Risk recognition matrix and graphic risk units integrating with dynamic Bayesian network are developed for risk recognition and modeling. Entropy reduction value–based and effect chains’ visualized analysis offer an efficient approach for key risk and key node recognition. The proposed methods get tested and verified with a case study of risk management for hydraulic system maintenance service in excavator Industrial Product–Service Systems.
The role of the small airways in the pathophysiology of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Bonini Matteo , Usmani Omar S.
Published: June 2015

Chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), represent a major social and economic burden for worldwide health systems. During recent years, increasing attention has been directed to the role of small airways in respiratory diseases, and their exact contribution to the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD continues to be clarified. Indeed, it has been suggested that small airways play a distinct role in specific disease phenotypes. Besides providing information on small airways structure and diagnostic procedures, this review therefore aims to present updated and evidence-based findings on the role of small airways in the pathophysiology of asthma and COPD. Most of the available information derives from either pathological studies or review articles and there are few data on the natural history of small airways disease in the onset or progression of asthma and COPD. Comparisons between studies on the role of small airways are hard to draw because both asthma and COPD are highly heterogeneous conditions. Most studies have been performed in small population samples, and different techniques to characterize aspects of small airways function have been employed in order to assess inflammation and remodelling. Most methods of assessing small airways dysfunction have been largely confined to research purposes, but some data are encouraging, supporting the utilization of certain techniques into daily clinical practice, particularly for early-stage diseases, when subjects are often asymptomatic and routine pulmonary function tests may be within normal ranges. In this context further clinical trials and real-life feedback on large populations are desirable.
Weakness in an Elderly Woman With Asthma and Chronic Sinusitis
Authors: Kannan Meena , Greene James G.
Published: June 2015

Weakness and sensory changes are common complaints in both the inpatient and the outpatient setting. However, this presentation remains a diagnostic challenge to clinicians due to the many possible underlying etiologies. The initial evaluation of weakness and sensory changes starts a thorough history and physical examination to guide the diagnostic process. In this article, we present the case of an elderly woman with complaints of weakness and sensory changes to highlight a step-wise approach to diagnosis and management.
Communication and Sport, Where Art Thou? Epistemological Reflections on the Moment and Field(s) of Play
Authors: Wenner Lawrence A.
Published: June 2015

In this editorial essay, Communication and Sport Editor-in-Chief Lawrence Wenner considers the state of scholarly inquiry on communication and sport at an important moment. The moment features complementary and competing scholarly journals, a notable advance in institutional formations in scholarly organizations that have helped legitimize inquiry in the area, and the strategic rise of academic programs, institutes, and centers in communication and media studies that focus on sport. In assessing the state of scholarly play on communication and sport, competing questions are considered: (1) “Is there ‘a’ field and, if so, what is it? and/or (2) “Are there many ‘fields of play’ with offset objectives, priorities, and levels of development?” An epistemological assessment is made of three dispositions to the study of communication and sport: (1) a “Media, Sports, and Society” disposition, (2) a “Sport Communication as Profession” disposition, and (3) a “Communication Studies and Sport” disposition. The essay closes with summary characterization of these dispositions and points to the challenges ahead for the scholarly study of communication and sport to develop as a coherent field.
Clarifying the Behavioral Economics of Social Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Rodebaugh Thomas L. , Heimberg Richard G. , Taylor Kristin P. , Lenze Eric J.
Published: June 2015

Social anxiety disorder is associated with lower interpersonal warmth, possibly explaining its associated interpersonal impairment. Across two samples, we attempted to replicate previous findings that the disorder’s constraint of interpersonal warmth can be detected via behavioral economic tasks. We also tested the test–retest stability of task indices. Results indicated that factors associated with social anxiety disorder (and not the disorder itself), such as the severity of social anxiety and more extreme interpersonal problems, lead to less generous behavior on the economic task examined. Results were clearest regarding fine-grained indices derived from latent trajectories. Unexpectedly, the combination of generalized anxiety disorder and higher depression also restricted generosity. Two of three indices showed acceptable test–retest stability. Maladaptive giving behavior may be a treatment target to improve interpersonal functioning in psychiatric disorders; therefore, future work should more precisely characterize behavioral economic tasks, including basic psychometric work (i.e., tests of reliability and validity).
The Unhappy Triad
Authors: Koffel Erin , Krebs Erin E. , Arbisi Paul A. , Erbes Christopher R. , Polusny Melissa A.
Published: June 2015

There is limited understanding of the etiology and temporal relations of chronic pain, sleep complaints, and depression/anxiety. Several models have been proposed by which sleep disruption represents a common mechanism for the comorbidity of these symptoms. The goals of this study were to (a) clarify the boundaries of these domains and (b) examine the relations of these symptoms over time following exposure to stressful and potentially traumatic experiences during a combat deployment. We found support for three distinct domains of sleep complaints, internalizing symptoms, and physical complaints. We tested two competing models that have been proposed in the literature, controlling for negative and positive emotionality. Internalizing symptoms strongly mediated the relation between sleep complaints and pain (total effect = .15, direct effect = −.05). The study suggests that increases in sleep complaints immediately following deployment increase the risk of internalizing symptoms and pain several years after deployment.
Welding residual stresses: a daily history
Authors: Gurova T. , Estefen S. F. , Leontiev A. , de Oliveira F. A. L.
Published: June 2015

Welding is the main joint technology used in steel manufactured products, in particular, in the shipbuilding industry. Recent works report the effect of residual stress redistribution on butt welded plates in a relatively short period after the welding procedures. The phenomenon was investigated by the daily monitoring of the welding residual stresses and the vertical displacements of the welded plate surface. The residual stress state was monitored by the magnetic method, and the absolute stress values were measured using X-ray diffraction techniques. A laser tracking device was used to measure surface displacements. The results from the monitoring performed during the first 6 days after removing the welding restrictions and 1 month later are presented.
Identification of embryonic lethal genes in humans by autozygosity mapping and exome sequencing in consanguineous families
Authors: Shamseldin Hanan E. , Tulbah Maha , Kurdi Wesam , Nemer Maha , Alsahan Nada , Al Mardawi Elham , Khalifa Ola , Hashem Amal , Kurdi Ahmed , Babay Zainab , Bubshait Dalal K. , Ibrahim Niema , Abdulwahab Firdous , Rahbeeni Zuhair , Hashem Mais , Alkuraya Fowzan S.
Published: June 2015

Background

Identifying genetic variants that lead to discernible phenotypes is the core of Mendelian genetics. An approach that considers embryonic lethality as a bona fide Mendelian phenotype has the potential to reveal novel genetic causes, which will further our understanding of early human development at a molecular level. Consanguineous families in which embryonic lethality segregates as a recessive Mendelian phenotype offer a unique opportunity for high throughput novel gene discovery as has been established for other recessive postnatal phenotypes.

Results

We have studied 24 eligible families using autozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing. In addition to revealing mutations in genes previously linked to embryonic lethality in severe cases, our approach revealed seven novel candidate genes (THSD1, PIGC, UBN1, MYOM1, DNAH14, GALNT14, and FZD6). A founder mutation in one of these genes, THSD1, which has been linked to vascular permeability, accounted for embryonic lethality in three of the study families. Unlike the other six candidate genes, we were able to identify a second mutation in THSD1 in a family with a less severe phenotype consisting of hydrops fetalis and persistent postnatal edema, which provides further support for the proposed link between this gene and embryonic lethality.

Conclusions

Our study represents an important step towards the systematic analysis of “embryonic lethal genes” in humans.
Phylogenetically typing bacterial strains from partial SNP genotypes observed from direct sequencing of clinical specimen metagenomic data
Authors: Sahl Jason W. , Schupp James M. , Rasko David A. , Colman Rebecca E. , Foster Jeffrey T. , Keim Paul
Published: June 2015

We describe an approach for genotyping bacterial strains from low coverage genome datasets, including metagenomic data from complex samples. Sequence reads from unknown samples are aligned to a reference genome where the allele states of known SNPs are determined. The Whole Genome Focused Array SNP Typing (WG-FAST) pipeline can identify unknown strains with much less read data than is needed for genome assembly. To test WG-FAST, we resampled SNPs from real samples to understand the relationship between low coverage metagenomic data and accurate phylogenetic placement. WG-FAST can be downloaded from https://github.com/jasonsahl/wgfast.
Optimization and preoperative adjustment design of remote center motion mechanism for minimally invasive surgical robot
Authors: Niu Guojun , Pan Bo , Fu Yili , Wang Shuguo
Published: June 2015

In this paper, a new remote center motion (RCM) mechanism called triangle is proposed; this mechanism is simple and with high stiffness. A complete kinematic analysis and optimization algorithm implying AHP which is a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis method incorporating the requirements for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) are performed to find the optimal link lengths of the manipulator. The results show that for the serial triangle two-link manipulator used to guide the surgical tool, the optimization link angles are 74° and 51°. Prior preoperative adjustment is usually realized by electromagnetic clutch. However, the disadvantage of this method is that the joint is complex, big, and heavy because of gravity balance mechanism. A new preoperative adjustment method realized by resistance compensation is proposed without electromagnetic clutch; the joint is simpler and lighter than the conventional joint.
Properties of PMMA/clay nanocomposites prepared using various compatibilizers
Authors: Kumar Manish , Arun S , Upadhyaya Pradeep , Pugazhenthi G
Published: June 2015

Background

In the fabrication of polymer/clay nanocomposites, the compatibilizer plays a vital role in altering the properties of nanocomposite systems. The present work primarily deals with the development of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/clay nanocomposites containing different compatibilizers (PP-g-MA, PE-g-MA and PS-g-MA) with 5 wt.% nanoclay.

Methods

The various PMMA nanocomposites were prepared by melt intercalation method using twin screw extruder followed by injection moulding to make specimens for mechanical testing.

Results

The mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of nanocomposites were evaluated by tensile test, impact, hardness, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The intercalated structure of the PMMA nanocomposites is validated by XRD and TEM analysis. The results are found to be good agreement with each other.

Conclusions

The TGA data demonstrate that PMMA nanocomposites exhibit enhanced thermal stability of 22-36 °C with respect to pure PMMA, at 50% weight loss is considered as point of reference. The PMMA nanocomposite prepared with PS-g-MA compatibilizer promotes adequate interface adhesion between the nanoclay and polymer matrix. As a result, PMMA-5-PS sample displays improved mechanical properties over PMMA-5-PP and PMMA-5-PE samples. The maximum improvement of tensile strength, Young’s modulus and hardness for the PMMA-5-PS nanocomposites over PMMA-5-PE is estimated to be 8, 2 and 26 %, respectively.
Full Spectrum
Authors: Capello Maria Angela , Pellerin Louise , Bakamjian Ted
Published: June 2015

The Women's Network Committee (WNC) is excited to follow April's inaugural “Full Spectrum” column on dual-career couples with an examination of the degree of gender diversity within SEG, focusing on leadership and honors and awards. Diversity is an asset; different points of view give us more solutions to ever more challenging problems. Women are becoming a more important part of the technical workforce at a global scale. The geophysical community has been educating and training women at ever-increasing rates over the past few decades. As a profession, an industry, and a society, we have much invested in this tremendous resource. Are these resources being used to their fullest potential?
Photochemical (E)–(Z) Isomerization of the P=C Double Bond in Triphospha[3]radialene–[M(CO)5] (M = W, Cr) Complexes
Authors: Sasamori Takahiro , Hirano Koki , Miyake Hideaki , Tokitoh Norihiro
Published: June 2015

Thermal reactions of Mes*-substituted triphospha[3]radialene (Mes*: 2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenyl) with [M(CO)5·(thf)] (M = Cr, W) resulted in the formation of the corresponding group 6 metal–pentacarbonyl complexes bearing the triphospha[3]radialene ligand, where one of the P=C bond moiety of the triphospha[3]radialene was σ-coordinating to the metal moiety in η1-fashion. The noncoordinating P=C bonds in the obtained complexes were found to undergo photochemical (E)–(Z) isomerization.
High CO2/CH4 Separation Performance Exhibited at Room Temperature by a Nonporous Ionic Crystal with 3-Methylpyridinium Cation
Authors: Hashimoto Daichi , Uchida Sayaka
Published: June 2015

An ionic crystal (3-mepyH)2[Cr3O(OOCH)6(3-mepy)3]2[α-SiW12O40]·2H2O [I] (3-mepy: 3-methylpyridine, 3-mepyH+: 3-methylpyridinium ion) was synthesized and applied to gas chromatographic separation of CO2/CH4 at room temperature (rt). Compound I was basically nonporous, while a slight increase in the volume around 3-mepyH+, which are potential CO2-binding sites, was observed with the temperature increase. Amounts of CO2 sorption were much larger than that calculated from the surface area, suggesting that CO2 molecules were sorbed in the solid bulk. Time courses of CO2 sorption were fairly analyzed with a model assuming that CO2 adsorbs on the external surface and subsequently diffuses into the bulk solid.
An Omnipotent Liquid for Various Engineering Material Substrates with Transparent Superhydrophobicity
Authors: Dong Binghai , Fan Difei , Wang Shimin , Guo Zhiguang
Published: June 2015

A kind of transparent liquid was fabricated, which can form transparent superhydrophobic films on various engineering material substrates by spraying. The results showed the spray exhibits excellent thermal stability and mechanical stability, which are very vital for their promising applications in industry, such as antifouling, corrosion protection, and oil/water separation.
Meniscal Transplantation and its Effect on Osteoarthritis Risk
Authors: Smith N. A. , Achten J. , Parsons N. , Wright D. , Parkinson B. , Thompson P. , Hutchinson C. E. , Spalding T. , Costa M. L.
Published: June 2015

Objectives

Subtotal or total meniscectomy in the medial or lateral compartment of the knee results in a high risk of future osteoarthritis. Meniscal allograft transplantation has been performed for over thirty years with the scientifically plausible hypothesis that it functions in a similar way to a native meniscus. It is thought that a meniscal allograft transplant has a chondroprotective effect, reducing symptoms and the long-term risk of osteoarthritis. However, this hypothesis has never been tested in a high-quality study on human participants. This study aims to address this shortfall by performing a pilot randomised controlled trial within the context of a comprehensive cohort study design.

Methods

Patients will be randomised to receive either meniscal transplant or a non-operative, personalised knee therapy program. MRIs will be performed every four months for one year. The primary endpoint is the mean change in cartilage volume in the weight-bearing area of the knee at one year post intervention. Secondary outcome measures include the mean change in cartilage thickness, T2 maps, patient-reported outcome measures, health economics assessment and complications.

Results

This study is expected to report its findings in 2016. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2015;4:93–8
Reviews
Authors: Collard Christophe , Raw Laurence
Published: June 2015

Adaptation Studies: New Challenges, New Directions, Jørgen Bruhn, Anne Gjelsvik and Eirik Frisvold Hanssen (eds) (2013) London: Bloomsbury, 292 pp., ISBN: 9781441192660, p/bk, £21.99

Immaterial Culture: Literature, Drama and the American Radio Play 1929–1954, Harry Heuser (2013) Bern: Peter Lang AG, 358 pp., ISBN: 9783034309776, p/bk, £52.00
A VISÃO DA COMUNIDADE NA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE PROJETOS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO URBANO PARA O TURISMO E PARA A QUALIDADE DE VIDA: POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS NO BAIRRO GRANDE PIRAMBU, FORTALEZA - CE
Authors: Coelho Susana Dantas , Mota Keila Cristina Nicolau , Vasconcelos Fábio Perdigão
Published: June 2015

O objeto deste estudo foi o posicionamento dos moradores do Grande Pirambu (GP), Fortaleza-CE, sobre a implantação de projetos de desenvolvimento urbano para o turismo e qualidade de vida, com foco no Projeto Vila do Mar (PVM). Caracterizou-se como um estudo de caso baseado nas mudanças infraestruturais com impactos sociais na qualidade de vida dos moradores. É relevante por ser um tema pouco abordado, embora discutido e pesquisado por teóricos da geografia e do turismo. Os objetivos foram discutir a implantação de políticas públicas de desenvolvimento urbano para a qualidade de vida dos moradores na implantação do PVM; conhecer a realidade social dos moradores do GP, após a implantação do PVM; e identificar o grau de satisfação dos moradores em relação ao bairro, após conclusão das obras. Como metodologia, optou-se por pesquisa quali-quantitativa, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental e de campo, com a aplicação de 150 entrevistas in loco com formulários, gravações em mídia digital e registros fotográficos, entre os meses de junho e agosto de 2012. Os resultados apontaram que havia insatisfação por grande parte dos moradores em relação ao PVM, especulação imobiliária dos terrenos no GP e a precariedade que ainda vivem alguns moradores do bairro. Palavras-chave: Vila do Mar. Turismo. Comunidade.
Economics approaches the fork in the road. Labor self-financing and tax free compensations or toil of deficit and deflation
Authors: Dobija Mieczyslaw
Published: June 2015

The aim of this paper is pointing out the causes of persistent budget deficits, and the emergence of deflation. As a result of the theoretical analysis of capital and labor tandem the phenomenon of labor self-financing is revealed. Discerning the money-goods economy in the form of the two parallel streams of products, and money lead to the alternative equation of exchange, which indicates an acceptable credit size? The main outcome of this study is clarify that deflation is related to funding of work in the public sector by taxes. It results in imbalance between the value of the product and the money streams. If inflation is under control then deflation reveals itself. Additionally it is concluded that economics without deficit, inflation and deflation may exist. It is further claimed that in the present economics there is a correspondence between the amount of necessary issuance of money and the amount of salaries in the public sector.
Small Victories: Creating Intrinsic Motivation in Task Completion and Debt Repayment
Authors: Brown Alexander L. , Lahey Joanna N.
Published: June 2015

Tasks such as the elimination of all debts when faced with the immediate option to spend can be unpleasant but not conceptually difficult. Dividing these tasks into smaller parts and completing the parts from smallest size to largest size can help people realize quick motivational gains that increase their likelihood of completing the task. The authors more broadly define this idea as “small victories” and discuss, model, and empirically examine two related behavioral theories that might explain it. A laboratory experiment tests this prediction and provides data for model calibration. Consistent with the idea of small victories, when a task is broken down into parts of unequal size, participants perform faster when the parts are arranged in ascending order (i.e., from smallest to largest) rather than descending order (i.e., from largest to smallest). The calibrated model is consistent with the directional predictions of each theory. However, when participants are given choice over orderings, they choose the ascending ordering least often. The authors conclude with a discussion of the efficacy of this method in stylized debt-repayment scenarios.
Low temperature steam reforming of ethanol over advanced carbon nanotube-based catalysts
Authors: Seelam Prem Kumar , Rautio Anne-Riikka , Huuhtanen Mika , Kordas Krisztian , Keiski Riitta L.
Published: June 2015

Steam reforming of biofuels such as bioethanol offers a clean and sustainable route to improve hydrogen production capacity for the hydrogen economy. In this work, the influence of the carbon support type (carbon nanotube [CNT], activated carbon [AC] and graphitic carbon black [GCB]) and the addition of Pt (1 wt.%, 1.5 wt.% and 2 wt.%) and ZnO (10 wt.%) to Ni
Perception of incompletely neutralized voicing cues in word-final obstruents: The role of differences in production context
Authors: Kharlamov Viktor
Published: June 2015

Experimental data on final devoicing in languages such as German and Russian usually show that speakers produce incompletely neutralized acoustic differences between words ending in phonologically voiced versus voiceless obstruents (e.g., /kod/ ‘code’ vs. /kot/ ‘cat’ in Russian) and that listeners can use these differences to identify the underlying specification of final consonants at an above-chance level. The current study examines how the seemingly successful perceptual identification of voicing varies across stimulus items recorded in reading vs. non-reading procedures and with and without full minimal pairs present in the experimental list. Results of a series of identification tasks reveal that Russian listeners’ identification responses are more in line with underlying voicing for the stimuli recorded during word-reading and with minimal pairs included among the experimental items. This shows that voicing judgments are strongly influenced by the acoustic differences produced when speakers encounter orthographic forms or lexical competition. At the same time, perceptual neutralization is also not complete for the items recorded without such exposure, which indicates that listeners’ ability to recover underlying voicing is not limited to the production contexts involving written forms or minimal pairs.
Crystal structure of tris(ortho-phenylenediamide-N,N’)-rhenium(VII) bromide, C18H18BrN6Re
Authors: Habarurema Gratien , Gerber Thomas I. A. , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: June 2015

C18H18BrN6Re, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.0894(3) Å, b = 12.8030(3) Å, c = 13.1540(3) Å, β = 96.957(1)°, V = 1853.8 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0171, wRref(F2) = 0.0324, T = 200 K.
Crystal structure of poly[bis(1,3-bi(4-pyridyl)propane)-bis(4-amino-3- methyl-benzenesulfonate)manganese(II)], C40H44MnN6O6S2
Authors: Li Shi-Hui , Chen Shi-Jun , Zhang Meng-Yin
Published: June 2015

C40H44MnN6O6S2, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.839(1) Å, b = 17.117(2) Å, c = 11.396(1) Å, β = 111.465(10)°, V = 1967.5 Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0324, wRref(F2) = 0.0821, T = 296 K.
Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Migrationshintergrund in Deutschland. Ausgewählte Ergebnisse der KiGGS-Studie
Authors: Ellert Ute , Brettschneider Anna-Kristin , Schenk Liane
Published: June 2015

Ein knappes Drittel der unter 18-jährigen Bevölkerung Deutschlands (29,1% laut Mikrozensus 2009) wächst in Familien mit Migrationshintergrund auf. Zum großen Teil sind diese Kinder und Jugendlichen nicht selbst nach Deutschland zugewandert, sondern in der zweiten oder auch dritten Generation einer zugewanderten Familie geboren. Dennoch prägt der Migrationshintergrund in spezifischer Art ihre Lebenswelt und gesundheitliche Lage, wenngleich sich Unterschiede je nach Herkunftsland, Geschlecht, Alter, Sozialstatus und Aufenthaltsdauer bzw. Einwanderergeneration konstatieren lassen. Damit sind Gesundheitschancen und Krankheitsrisiken auch innerhalb der Migrantenpopulation ungleich verteilt.
Migration und Frauengesundheit – komplexe Zusammenhänge erschließen
Authors: Borde Theda
Published: June 2015

Die Frauengesundheitsforschung hat maßgeblich dazu beigetragen, eine geschlechtersensiblere Forschungs- und Versorgungspraxis zu etablieren. Schwerfälliger und komplizierter ist es beim Erkenntnisgewinn und dem Wissenschaft-Praxis-Transfer zum Thema Migration und Gesundheit. Die Kategorie „Migrationshintergrund“ ist weder geeignet, die Heterogenität der Immigrantinnen und ethnischen Minderheiten noch die Interaktion von gesundheitsrelevanten Migrationsfaktoren, Rassismus und sozioökonomischen Aspekten in ihrer Wechselwirkung mit Geschlecht und Ethnizität zu erschließen.
Teilnahme am Mammographie-Screening bei Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund
Authors: Berens Eva-Maria
Published: June 2015

In Deutschland gibt es keine Teilnahmeunterschiede am Mammographie-Screening zwischen Migrantinnen und der Mehrheitsbevölkerung. Vor dem Hintergrund der kontroversen Diskussionen um die Vor- und Nachteile des Programms spielt jedoch die persönliche Freiheit einer informierten Entscheidung mit der Möglichkeit zur Ablehnung einer Teilnahme eine wichtige Rolle. Dieser Aspekt sollte bei Diskussionen um die Bewertung von Teilnahmeraten von Migrantinnen am Mammographie-Screening berücksichtig werden.
Migration und Gesundheit in der frühen Lebensphase am Beispiel der Adipositasentstehung und -prävention
Authors: Reeske-Behrens Anna
Published: June 2015

Trotz stagnierender Trends bei der kindlichen Adipositas in Deutschland und anderen europäischen Ländern sind Kinder mit Migrationshintergrund in westlichen Ländern (immer noch) besonders häufig von Übergewicht und Adipositas betroffen. Eine hohe Gestationsdiabetesinzidenz bei türkischstämmmigen Frauen und eine schnelle postnatale Gewichtszunahme bei Säuglingen aus türkischen Familien können ein Grundstein für die erhöhte Prävalenz von kindlichem Übergewicht in dieser Gruppe sein. Unter Berücksichtigung der sozialen, kulturellen und migrationsbedingten Besonderheiten in der Entstehung von Adipositas stellen die Förderung einer regelmäßigen Schwangerenvorsorge mit entsprechender Risikoberatung und die Sicherstellung eines adäquaten fetalen und postnatalen Wachstums wichtige Ziele früh im Lebenslauf ansetzender Präventionsmaßnahmen dar.
Krankheitsvorstellungen bei Diabetikern mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund
Authors: Yilmaz-Aslan Yüce , Brzoska Patrick , Bluhm Martina , Aslan Abdulselam , Razum Oliver
Published: June 2015

Diabetiker mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund haben komplexe Krankheitsvorstellungen, von denen einige vorteilhaft und einige nachteilig für eine optimale Behandlung und ein erfolgreiches Selbstmanagement von Diabetes mellitus sind. In der Versorgung dieser Patientengruppe sollten die vorteilhaften Krankheitsvorstellungen gefördert und die nachteiligen Krankheitsvorstellungen modifiziert werden.
Medizinische Versorgung der Leistungsberechtigten nach §§ 4 und 6 AsylbLG über eine Krankenkasse
Authors: Burmester Frank
Published: June 2015

Die Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg hat zum 1. Juli 2012 eine wesentliche Neuerung im Bereich der medizinischen Versorgung von Ausländerinnen und Ausländern eingeführt: Die Übertragung der medizinischen Versorgung von Leistungsberechtigten nach dem Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz (AsylbLG), die Anspruch auf Leistungen bei Krankheit, Schwangerschaft und Geburt bzw. sonstige Leistungen zur Sicherung der Gesundheit nach §§ 4 und 6 AsylbLG haben (Grundleistungsberechtigte), auf eine Krankenkasse. Dieses Modell ist – mit Ausnahme von Bremen – bundesweit einzigartig. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt die damit verbundenen Auswirkungen auf.
“Selling the Caribbean: An Introduction”
Authors: Mair Christian , Mühleisen Susanne , Pirker Eva Ulrike
Published: June 2015

Taking the cue from the widespread metaphorical use of economic concepts such as resources or markets in both sociolinguistics and cultural studies, the present introduction sets out to discuss more literal aspects of the financial value of languages and the economy of the literary marketplace in the – mostly ‘Anglophone’ – Caribbean. Globalization, in particular a globally operating media and entertainment industry, and increased mobility – both in the shape of migration from the Caribbean and tourism into the region – have led to the widespread commodification of the region’s natural, linguistic, and cultural resources. These developments have shaken up the traditional colonial and early post-colonial order but ushered in new inequalities. This introduction and the present special issue of ZAA explore the potential and dangers of this state of affairs from a cross-disciplinary perspective, bringing together approaches from (socio)linguistics, literary, and cultural studies.
Re-placing Wealth, Re-mapping Social Division: Kingston in the Fiction of Brian Meeks and Diana McCaulay
Authors: Scafe Suzanne
Published: June 2015

In this article I trace the geographies of poverty and wealth represented in two contemporary Jamaican novels, Brian Meeks’s Paint the Town Red (2003) and Diana McCaulay’s popular novel, Dog-Heart (2010), and argue that despite the emphasis on the seemingly fixed distance between rich and poor, these novels are also concerned to present spaces of interconnection and relations of intimacy that cross physically imposed borders. In both novels, the city is affectively mapped: its spaces produce many varied and contradictory emotions that in turn define those spaces and their inhabitants. Using the work of social geographers I focus on the texts’ interrogation of kindness, compassion and intimacy, and their effectiveness as a means of transforming individual lives that are, finally, defined by the social, economic, and political structures which produce the humiliation, rage, and violence that destroy lives.
Theban Graffito no. 1572 Rediscovered and Some New Texts from the “Valley of the Quarries”
Authors: Barwik Mirosław
Published: June 2015

Four hitherto unpublished graffiti from the “Vallée des Carrières”, on the northern borders of the Theban necropolis, are presented in the paper. Two of them are explicitly dated to year 16 (of Smendes or Paynudjem I?), and were written by the well-known scribe of the necropolis Ankhefenamun, son of Buteh­amun. There are good reasons to suppose that the other texts belong approximately to the same period, when extensive activity of the necropolis staff can be noted in the available sources. Some of the names provided by the present graffiti are known also from other sources dating to the very beginning of the XXIst Dynasty. However, the reason for the visit of an inspecting party (?) in this remote part of the Theban necropolis remains wholly unknown.
Three New Deir el-Medina Absence Lists in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford
Authors: Hudson Stephanie E.
Published: June 2015

This article presents three previously unpublished hieratic absence lists in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford: Ashmolean HO 563, Ashmolean HO 679, and Ashmolean HO 808. The ostraca date to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Dynasties and are identifiable as originating from the records of the Deir el-Medina workmen’s community. The texts record workmen’s names with reasons for absence from work on the royal tomb for particular days. Both individual and collective absence is expressed, using administrative phraseology attested in previously published absence documents. The ostraca are unprovenanced; however, the subject matter of the texts is suggestive of a worksite derivation. Moreover, the prosopographical data and content of one of the group, Ashmolean HO 808, makes it likely that it came originally from the Valley of the Kings.
The Meroitic “Initial a” Sign as Griffith’s Initial Aleph
Authors: Rowan Kirsty
Published: June 2015

This paper reassesses the sound value of the Meroitic sign traditionally defined as ‘initial a’. This sign is termed ‘initial a’ due to its non-occurrence anywhere other than word-initially in the Meroitic script. A re-evaluation of the evidence for its representation indicates that this sign should be considered as a syllable sign comprised of a glottal stop and the inherent unmarked ‘a’ vowel. Therefore, this sign is likely to be representative of a CV sign, which was one of Griffith’s (1916) proposals, rather than a sign representing only a vowel of varying quality *V, as is currently assumed. As previous proposals for the sound value of this sign have heavily relied on Egyptian transcriptions, this paper reviews the discussions on the Egyptian transcriptions along with the relevant Egyptian phonemic values, and includes a proposal for a sound change process which contributes to the possible revision for the value of this sign.
Volume Load and Neuromuscular Fatigue During an Acute Bout of Agonist-Antagonist Paired-Set vs. Traditional-Set Training
Authors: Paz Gabriel A. , Robbins Daniel W. , de Oliveira Carlos G. , Bottaro Martim , Miranda Humberto
Published: June 2015

Paz, GA, Robbins, DW, de Oliveira, CG, Bottaro, M, and Miranda, H. Volume load and neuromuscular fatigue during an acute bout of agonist-antagonist paired-set vs. traditional-set training. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2777–2784, 2017—The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of performing paired-set (PS) vs. traditional-set (TS) training over 3 consecutive sets, on volume load and electromyographic fatigue parameters of the latissimus dorsi, biceps brachii, pectoralis major, and triceps brachii muscles. Fifteen trained men performed 2 testing protocols (TS and PS) using 10 repetition maximum loads. The TS protocol consisted of 3 sets of bench press (BP) followed by 3 sets of wide-grip seated row (SR). The PS consisted of 3 sets of BP and 3 sets of SR performed in an alternating manner. Volume load was calculated as load × repetitions. The electromyographic signal, time (C
RMS) and frequency (Cf5) domain, parameters were recorded during SR. Under the PS protocol, sets of SR were performed immediately after the sets of BP. A 2-minute rest interval between the completion of the set of SR and the subsequent set of BP was implemented (e.g., between PSs). Under the TS protocol, 2-minute rest intervals were implemented between all sets. BP and SR volume loads decreased significantly from set 1 to set 2 and from set 2 to set 3 under both conditions. Volume load was greater for all sets of both exercises under PS as compared with TS. Muscle fatigue indices were greater under PS as compared with TS. In general, these results indicate that as compared with TS, PS produced a greater training volume in less time and may induce greater fatigue and thereby provide an enhanced training stimulus.