bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of oxidized sucrose, citric acid crosslinking and dual modification on some physicochemical properties of cassava starch for potential application in packaging films
Authors: Kalu Alfred Oji , Egwim Evans Chidi , Jigam Ali , Muhammad Hadiza Lami
Published: December 2022

Background: Crosslinking is one method of starch modification that has been applied to improve the properties of starch and starch-based films. The effects of different crosslinkers on some properties of starch give an insight into the impact the crosslinking modification will have on the final behaviour of starch films. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of oxidized sucrose and citric acid crosslinking on cassava starch intended for packaging film applications. Methods: Cassava starch was crosslinked with oxidized sucrose and citric acid individually and also in combination (dual modification). The properties studied were amylose content, degree of substitution (DS), degree of crosslinking (DC), solubility, swelling power and paste clarity while FTIR, SEM, XRD and thermal analysis were also carried out. Results: The optimal concentrations of oxidized sucrose and citric acid in this study were 1% and 5% resulting in a maximum amylose content of 20.78 and 19.4 respectively while an intermediate DS (0.182- 0.401) was recorded for all crosslinked starches. The swelling power and solubility of oxidized sucrose crosslinked starch (OS-starch) was lower than that of citric acid crosslinked starch (CA-starch) in all the temperatures observed. The SEM, XRD as well as FTIR analysis highlighted changes in the crystalline structure of starch granules after the crosslinking. Thermo-gravimetric analysis indicated that the thermal stability of all starches was significantly improved by crosslinking, as residual weights of 18.74%, 19.59% and 19.68% were observed for CA-starch, OS-starch, and dual modified starch (OS-CA starch) respectively. Conclusion: Overall, the study suggests that although both crosslinkers significantly improved the physicochemical properties of cassava starch studied, oxidized sucrose had higher effect on most these properties, hence can be suggested to be better suitable when modifying starch for packaging film applications.
Production of hydrogen and carbon nanofilaments using a novel reactor configuration: hydrodynamic study and experimental results
Authors: Azara Abir , Blanchard Jasmin , Mohellebi Faroudja , Benyoussef EL Hadi , Gitzhofer François , Abatzoglou Nicolas
Published: December 2022

A novel reactor configuration combining two beds, a central fluidized bed and an annular mobile bed, was designed for the production of hydrogen and carbon nanofilaments via dry reforming of gases produced from the pyrolysis of plastic waste. This combination allows for easy recovery of these nanomaterials and, since the mixture of catalyst and carbon formed is continuously fluidized, it also prevents blockage. Understanding the hydrodynamics is crucial for choosing the optimal operating conditions. Thus, a cold mock-up unit of the same size has been built and used. Since the gases produced by plastic pyrolysis are mainly composed of unsaturated hydrocarbons, the prototype reactor setup has been operated using ethylene as a surrogate molecule. The preliminary experimental results of the reactor operation with ethylene obtained so far are very promising and confirm the operability of the process. Next step is to operate continuously for longer time and reach a production of 1kg/h of carbon nanofilaments.
Research on the Inner Mechanism and Practical Path of Digital Technology Empowering Rural Cultural Construction under Rural Revitalization
Authors: Wang Xiang , Chen Jiaxin , Kan Xinyu , Lei Yiming
Published: December 2022

Rural cultural revitalization is an important part of rural revitalization, and rural cultural construction is an important task for China to continuously promote the construction of socialist spiritual civilization and achieve the goal of the second century. Digital-enabled rural culture construction is a new trend of cultural development in recent years, which provides many advantages for the inheritance and development of excellent rural traditional culture, the innovation and development of digital culture industry and the promotion of rural social civilization, and has important practical significance for promoting rural revitalization. Aiming at the problems of imperfect digital infrastructure, insufficient rural digital literacy, and cultural content failing to meet the needs of the masses and social development, the research group put forward some measures to solve these problems, such as strengthening the construction of rural digital infrastructure, improving the talent support system of rural cultural construction empowered by digital technology, and optimizing the content and communication space of rural cultural products.
Improving Student Learning Outcomes by Applying the Blanded Learning Method in Local History Subjects at SMA Negeri 1 Gebog in the New Normal Period
Authors: Siswanti Indri
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe learning local history using the Blended Learning method at SMA Negeri 1 Gebog Masa New Normal. This type of research is classroom action research. This research was conducted at SMA Negeri 1 Gebog Kudus with research subjects in class X MIPA 5. The results of this study were learning local history using the Blended Learning method at SMA Negeri 1 Gebog Masa New Normal could improve learning outcomes. The student's ability to answer the post-test questions given, for students who are PTM in class an average of 78.05. While the ability of students who study at home is an average of 73.05. Both PTM and PJJ students the average score has exceeded the KKM set by the school, which is 65.
Analysis of Language Errors at the Level of Phonology and Morphology in Letters of SDN 02 Bulurejo as a Learning Effort in the Field of Language
Authors: Al Maarif M. Furqon , Nurni Talitha Amalia , Ulya Chafit
Published: December 2022

This study aims to analyze language errors at the phonological and morphological levels of official correspondence at SDN 02 Bulurejo from July to July. October 2022. This research uses a qualitative approach, namely a research method used to examine the conditions of natural objects, where the researcher is the key instrument. Based on the results of the research analysis, there are 3 types of errors in language. These three fields can be classified into four phonological errors, four morphological errors, and three spelling errors. With this research, it is hoped that more attention can be paid to writing official letters, especially in the field of morphological phonology and spelling errors.
Embedded Cultural Patterns in Abu Firas Al-Hamadani’s Ra’iyyah: Arabic Poetry
Authors: Talafha Ahmad , Talafha Mushira , Shraideh Khetam , Ababneh Imad , AlJarah Lina , Shaikhli May Al.
Published: December 2022

This paper tackles the cultural patterns in Abu Firas Hamdani's captivity poetry, namely Ra’iyyah poem. The poet, who is normally a part of ideological, cultural, or social paradigms, represents and regenerates, consciously or unconsciously, the cultural patterns, especially those represented by his predecessors in their literary works, whether in prose or verse. Antonyms and displacement, and many other linguistic tools, allow a space for the poet to freely criticize, expose, and thus persuade authorities into setting him free. Undoubtedly, cultural criticism, a product of postmodern thoughts, is one of the prominent trends in the world of literary criticism, and it places the focus on culture as a platform from which the authors express their status and agenda. The embedded cultural patterns that are traced in Abu Firas’ poetry are divided into three major themes, based on the suggested cultural patterns as elaborated in the current study.
«Синдром утёнка»: как взаимодействие с интерфейсом влияет на возникновение когнитивных искажений
Authors: Глебко Надежда , Горбунова Елена
Published: December 2022

Мобильные и компьютерные интерфейсы всё больше используются людьми в повседневной жизни. При этом любой интерфейс регулярно обновляется и подвергается различным изменениям дизайна – как для введения новых функций, так и с целью улучшения удобства на основании пользовательских исследований. В связи с этим, важным аспектом пользовательского опыта является адаптация к изменениям, поскольку от этого зависит характер дальнейшего взаимодействия пользователя с интерфейсом. Одним из феноменов, связанным с оценкой обновлений интерфейсов, является «синдром утёнка» – предпочтение пользователями старой версии интерфейса новой. В статье рассматривается ряд сходных когнитивных искажений (эффект знакомства с объектом, эффект владения, отклонение в сторону статуса-кво) и анализируется специфика «синдрома утёнка» по отношению к ним.
PAMUK VE VİSKON İPLİKLERDE FARKLI SPLAYS METOTLARININ İPLİK GERİLME ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: UYANIK Seval
Published: December 2022

Çalışma ile farklı iplik numaraları açısından pamuk ve viskon hammaddeli iplikler için optimum splays yönteminin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda Ne 20, Ne 30, Ne 40, Ne 50 ve Ne 60 olarak %100 pamuk ve %100 viskon ring iplikler doğrudan işletme içi üretimden alınarak temin edilmiş ve söz konusu ipliklere Savio Polar IDLS bobin makinesinde havalı splays, ıslak splays ve twin (mekanik) splays mekanizmaları ile splays işlemi uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları genel olarak kopma mukavemeti ve uzaması açısından %100 pamuk iplikler için en olumlu splays metodunun twin splays, en olumsuz splays metodunun havalı splays olduğunu, ıslak splays metodunun ise havalı splays metoduna yakın ama daha iyi olduğunu; %100 viskon ipliklerde ise pamuk ipliklerin aksine en olumlu splays metodunun havalı splays en olumsuz splays metodunun ise twin splays olduğunu, ıslak splays metodunun havalı splays metoduna daha yakın olup ince ipliklerde daha iyi sonuçlar verdiğini ortaya koymuştur.
INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMAL COMFORT AND SURFACE PROPERTIES OF 3/1 Z TWILL WOVEN DENIM FABRICS
Authors: TASTAN Esra , BÜYÜK MAZARİ Funda
Published: December 2022

Denim fabrics are very preferred in recent years because it is easy to use and does not require ironing. But there is a limited study about the thermal and sensorial comfort of denim fabrics in the literature. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of the denim fabric composition on thermal comfort and sensorial comfort properties of denim fabrics. For this purpose, air permeability, thermal comfort, and water vapour permeability properties of 3/1 Z twill woven denim fabrics have been examined. Also, the Kawabata KES-FB4 system was used for the evaluation of the surface properties of fabric samples. It was found that the fabric with high surface roughness (F2) had a low thermal absorptivity value, and the fabric with low surface roughness (F3) had a high thermal absorptivity value. On the other hand, the lowest friction coefficient (MIU) was found in the lowest thickness value F4 coded fabric.
GRAFİT İÇEREN NANOAKIŞKAN KULLANILARAK ISI DEĞİŞTİRİCİLERİNİN PERFORMANSLARININ İYİLEŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: ÇOTUR Yağız , KOCA Tarkan
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada iç borusu helisel tip olan bir eş merkezli ve iç içe borulu ısı değiştiricide paralel akış şartlarında ısı transferini iyileştirmek amacıyla nanoakışkan kullanımının ısı transferine olan etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı grafit-saf su nanoakışkanı kullanarak ısı değiştiricide ısıl verimliliğin arttırılmasıdır. Deney setinde saf suyun içerisine %0,25 hacimsel oranda grafit süspanse edilmiş ve nanoakışkan kullanımının saf suya göre ısı transferine ve etkinlik katsayısına olan etkisi deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Sıcak akışkan olarak grafit-saf su nanoakışkanı, soğuk akışkan olarak da saf su kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada sıcak su debisi 3 l/dk, giriş sıcaklığı 55 °C değerinde sabit alınmıştır. Sıcak akışkanın soğuk akışkana debi oranlarının 1, 0.75, 0.5 ve 0.25 olması için, soğuk akışkan debisi 3, 4, 6 ve 12 l/dk olmak üzere dört farklı değerde alınmıştır. Saf su ve nanoakışkan ile yapılan deneylerden elde edilen veriler kullanılarak hesaplamalar yapılmış ve karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre bu ısı değiştiricide grafit-saf su nanoakışkanın kullanılmasının ısıl verimliliği artırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. Sistem kararlı hale geldikten sonra alınan verilerde grafit-saf su nanoakışkanın saf suya göre paralel akışta 3 l/dk debide %13,23 iyileştirme oranına sahip olduğu gözlemlenmiştir
Salisilik Asit Uygulamalarının Tuz Stresi Altındaki Arpa (Hordeum vulgare L.) Çeşitlerinde Çimlenme ve Tohum Özellikleri Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZKORKMAZ Ferda , ÖNER Fatih
Published: December 2022

Ordu Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri Laboratuvarında 2022 yılında yürütülen bu çalışmada tuz stresi altındaki arpa çeşitlerinde salisilik asit uygulamalarının çimlenme ve tohum özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bitki materyali olarak 3 farklı arpa çeşidi (Larende, Beyşehir, Kral) kullanılmıştır. Dört farklı tuz konsantrasyonu (0-50-100-150 mM) ve dört farklı salisilik asit konsantrasyonu (0-0.25-0.5-1 mM) arpa tohumlarına uygulanmıştır. Araştırma, tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre üç tekrarlı olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada çimlenme oranı (%), çimlenme süresi (gün), toplam yaş ve kuru ağırlıK (g), radikula yaş ve kuru ağırlığı (g), koleoptil yaş ve kuru ağırlığı (g), radikula uzunluk (mm) ve koleoptil uzunluk (mm) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda tüm uygulamalarda en iyi sonuç veren çeşitler Larende ve Beyşehir arpa çeşitleri olmuştur. Tuz dozlarının artmasıyla birlikte hemen hemen incelenen tüm parametrelerde olumsuz yönde değişiklikler meydana gelmiş, salisilik asit uygulamalarıyla ile bu olumsuz değişiklikler tamamen ortadan kaldırılamasa da etkileri azaltılmıştır. Tuzun özellikle 150 mM dozu en kritik değişikliklerin meydana geldiği tuz dozu olarak belirlenmiştir.
Trabzon Hurması (Diospyros kaki L.) Meyve Kabuklarının Biyoaktif Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ÖZBUCAK Tuğba , DAĞ Sinem , GÜRKAN Görkem
Published: December 2022

Bu çalışmada bitkisel bir atık olan Diospyros kaki L. (Trabzon hurması) meyve kabuklarının biyoaktif özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile hazırlanan metanol, etanol ve su ekstraktları kullanılarak antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan kapasiteleri incelenmiştir. Çalışılan örneklerin katalitik aktivitesinin incelenmesi amacıyla sucul ortamlarda yaygın olarak bulunan endüstriyel kökenli metilen mavisi boyasının sodyum borhidrür (NaBH4) varlığında indirgenmesi değerlendirilmiştir ve sonuçlar UV-Visible Spektrofotometresinde (UV-Vis) izlenmiştir. GC-MS analizi ile meyve kabuğunun yapısında bulunan bileşenler belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda en yüksek antimikrobiyal etki etanol, en düşük antimikrobiyal etki ise su ekstraktında görülmüştür. GC-MS analizi sonucuna göre meyve kabuğu %50 oranında yağ türevli bileşenler içermektedir. En yüksek oranda bulunan bileşen %26,89 ile Octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester, en düşük bulunan ise 0,86’lık oran ile Docosane isimli bir alkandır. Çalışılan örnekler arasında en yüksek ve en düşük fenolik asit ile FRAP içeriği sırasıyla su ve etanol ekstraktlarından elde edilmiştir. Metanol ekstraktı en yüksek DPPH radikalini süpürme yüzdesi değerine sahipken, en düşük değer etanol ekstraktında tespit edilmiştir. Kataliz reaksiyonlarında ise su örneklerinin metilen mavisi boyasını indirgeyerek çok kısa bir süre içerisinde boya rengini açtığı belirlenmiştir.
Effect of Photoperiod, Plant Growth Regulators and Explant Size on In Vitro Bulblet Formation in Snowdrop
Authors: BAŞELİ Betül , ÖZCAN Mehmet Muharrem , KARA Şevket Metin
Published: December 2022

Plant tissue culture techniques have a widespread usage in rapid, easy and continuous propagation of bulbous and tuberous plants, called geophytes. The genus Galanthus (commonly called snowdrops), perennial bulbiferous geophytes belonging the Amaryllidaceae family, contain several high-value alkaloids with pharmaceutical use to treat Alzheimer’s disease. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of photoperiod, plant growth regulators and explant size on in vitro bulblet formation in snowdrop (Galanthus woronowii). Bulb twin-scale explants were cultured on MS medium containing different combinations of BAP with various concentrations of NAA, IAA and IBA under 16/8 h light/dark and 24 h dark conditions. Effect of plant growth regulators was significant on the number of bulblet, bulblet diameter, bulblet weight, and the number of bulblet bigger than 5 mm in diameter. Continuous dark application resulted in highly significant increases in bulblet formation, as compared to light treatment. The maximum number of bulblet (4.83) was recorded from 4-piece explants treated with 2 mg l-1 BAP+0.1 mg l-1 NAA hormone combination kept in 24 h dark condition. Dark treatment resulted in an increase of 57.33% in the number of bulblet bigger than 5 mm in diameter. Explant size showed no effect on any of the attributes studied. In conclusion, this study revealed that 24 h dark treatment has a very important positive effect on in vitro bulblet formation in snowdrop.
A Study over Transformations of the Parameters of Richards Growth Model into the Biologically Meaningful Parameters
Authors: ODA Volkan , KORKMAZ Mehmet , ŞENOL Halil
Published: December 2022

In this study, it is explained how the Richards model, which is one of the sigmoid growth models, is transformed into a mechanical model with biologically significant parameters such as maximum growth value, lag time and maximum specific growth rate. Detail transformations of the Richards growth model containing 4 parameters with biologically significant parameters calculated with the help of the first and second derivatives were given. In order to test the accuracy of this model, the model prediction values were analyzed by using the height data of the E. Camaldulensis Dehn tree by years. The estimated values of the biologically significant parameters of Richards growth model containing 4 parameters were compared with the estimated values of the modified Gompertz, Logistic and Bertalanffy models containing the other 3 parameters. Error Sum of Squares, Coefficients of Determination and Akaike Information Criteria were used as model evaluation criteria for all proposed models, and it was concluded that the Richards growth model containing 4-parameters predicted relatively better than other models.
Analisis Kompensasi Karyawan pada PT. SEJATEA Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhan Rizsky Afrizal , Kamaludin Muhammad , Sinaga Rivaldo Riski
Published: December 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses kompensasi pada karyawan dalam perusahaan PT. SEJATEA INDONESIA, mengetahui pelaksaanaan pembagian Kompensasi pada karyawan PT. SEJATEA INDONESIA. Metode dengan menggunakan Analisis deskriptif, hasil analisis berupa penerapan SOP pada PT. SEJATEA INDONESIA memberikan manfaat yang besar apabila para karyawan menerapkan dengan baik sesuai dengan fungsinya. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian yaitu Terdapat pengaruh positif Kompensasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT. SEJATEA INDONESIA. Artinya peningkatan pada pemberian Kompensasi dapat menyebabkan peningkatan pada Kinerja Karyawan dan Karyawan tidak merasa terbebani saat bekerja karna adanya Kompensasi tersebut.
Persiapan Perbankan dan SDM Hadapi Perekonomian Digital
Authors: Safitri Safrina , Nasution M. Irwan Padli
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyongsong kesiapan di era baru yang menjadi tanggung jawab perimerintah semata. Maka jika anda ingin meraih keberhasilan, kamu harus sigap memperbanyak pengetahuan diri dan meningkatkan keahlian-keahlian khusus. Penetilitian ini meupakan kegiatan perekonomian yang memamfaatkan bantuan internet. Perkembangan pemakai gawai dan akses internet di indonesia saat ini terus meningkat. Penduduk indonesia adalah pemakai jasa internet, yakni sekitsr 143 juta punduduk indonesia. Apalagi pemakai ponsel atau android pintar saat ini sangat merata di mana mana khiususnya Di indonesi seperti saat ini dengan jumlah pemakai android atau ponsel pintar mencapai angka 67%. Penelitian ini juga menjelaskan SDM yang berkualitas dan bisa juga di perhatian mindset dari beberapa orang yang ada di lapangan. Kesimpulan bahwa melajunya perkembangan ekonomi digital dari perusaan di dunia  sudah di kuasai oleh perusaaan teknologi dan digital.
Manajemen Dana Pensiun Berbasis Syariah
Authors: Sari Reni Ilma , Nasution M. Irwan Padli
Published: December 2022

Maksud dari penelitian ini ialah guna memberikan informasi tentang antaginisme anggaran purnatugas non-syari’ah dengan anggaran purnatugas syari’ah, juga bagaimana manajemen anggaran purnatugas bagi syari’ah. Metode peneliti yang dipakai penulis ialah pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian kualitatif merupakan suatu ancangan yang menggunakan pemahaman deduktif dimana hubungan variable dan hasil penelitian dibenarkan dengan pemahaman sebab akibat. Jenis penelitan ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan dimana penulis menyatukan dan mengumpulkan data dengan membaca artikel dan buku untuk menghasilakn data yang cermat; serta melakukan penguraian yang intensif dan memperoleh berita yang mendalam tentang bagaimana mengelola dana pensiun berlandasan prinsip syariah yang kini disebut dengan dana pensiun syariah. Penelitian menyimpulkan yang membedakan antara dana pensiun syariah dengan konvensional adalah dana pensiun syariah mempunyai sejumlah kelebihan antara lain: mempunyai perjanjian atau akad pada setiap transaksinya; mempunyai badan yang mengawas kegiatan transaksinya yaitu Dewan syariah; dan apabila anggota dana pensiun terlambat menyetor iuran pensiunnya maka akan dikenakan sanksi, namun anggapan dari dana pensiun denda itu akan diperuntukkan pada aktivitas sosial sehingga ada poin saling membantu antar sesama (atta’aun).
TÜRKİYE, İNGİLTERE VE ÇİN HALK CUMHURİYETİ (ÇHC) ÜÇGENİNDE DENİZCİLİK KÜMELENMELERİNİN BULANIK AHP YÖNTEMİ İLE ANALİZİ
Authors: YAZIR Devran , TEKEL Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Denizcilik sektöründe gelişmiş bir ülke olmak için denize kıyısı olan bir coğrafyada bulunmak gereklidir. Kıyı bölgeleri, devletlere stratejik üstünlük kazandırmakta, ticareti geliştirmekte, doğal kaynak oluşturmakta, insanlara eğlenme, dinlenme ve barınma imkânları sağlamaktadır. Özellikle günümüzde ekonomik alanda denizlerin etkinliği devasa şekilde artmıştır. Aynı zamanda bir ülkenin denizcilik sektöründeki gelişmişlik düzeyini ortaya çıkarmak ve denizciliğin ilgili ülkenin ekonomisine katkısını daha kolay takip edilmek adına sektördeki dalları kümelendirme ihtiyacı duyulmuştur. Denizcilik sektöründe girdi-çıktı metodu, Bulanık AHP, ELECTRE ve SWOT Analizi gibi yöntemler kullanılarak çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada ise gemi inşa, bakım ve yedek parça sektörü, denizcilik ticareti, deniz turizmi gibi denizcilik kümelerinin kendi arasında değerlendirmesi yapılarak Türkiye, İngiltere ve Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti (ÇHC) arasında kümelerin birbirleri ile olan üstünlüğü incelenmiştir. Bu inceleme için denizcilik sektöründe öncü olan ülkeler ve sektör dalları referans alınmış ve 5 farklı kriter göz önünde bulundurularak 3 farklı alternatif arasından seçim yapılmıştır. Uzman görüşleri alınarak hazırlanmış anket çalışması sektördeki farklı pozisyonlarda çalışan kişilere yöneltilmiş ve anket sonuçlarına bulanık AHP yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Buna göre Çin’in belirlenmiş ülkeler arasından denizcilik sektöründe daha etkin olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir.
Rusya Ukrayna Çatışmasının Deniz Lojistiğine Etkisi
Authors: TOYGAR Arda , YILDIRIM Umut
Published: December 2022

Rusya Ukrayna çatışması lojistik hizmetlerin aksamasına, tedarik zinciri bağıntılarının bozulmasına neden olmakta ve küresel ticaretin sürdürülebilir gelişimi için risk oluşturmaktadır. Nitekim enerji kaynakları, tahıl ve gıda gibi birçok emtianın ihracatında dünyanın önde gelen iki önemli ülkesi olan Rusya ve Ukrayna dış ticaret faaliyetlerinin büyük kısmını denizyolu taşımacılığıyla gerçekleştirmektedir. Fakat çatışmanın başladığı tarihten itibaren birçok denizcilik firması Rusya ve Ukrayna limanlarına gemi uğraklarını iptal etti ve gemi rezervasyonlarını belirsiz süreyle askıya aldı. Programlarında Rusya veya Ukrayna limanları olan gemiler Hamburg, Rotterdam, Köstence, Trablus, Pire ve İstanbul limanlarına geri yönlendirildi. Dış ticaretinin büyük payını deniz taşımacılığıyla gerçekleştiren ülkelere yönelik bu kararların alınması, bölgedeki deniz lojistiğinde darboğaza neden olabilir. Bu sebeple çalışmanın amacı Rusya-Ukrayna çatışmasının deniz lojistiğindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu kapsamda literatür, sektörel raporlar ve uluslararası denizcilik otoritelerinin yayınları kavramsal çerçevede incelenmiştir. Çatışmanın, bölgeselde ve küreselde farklı etkiler oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, (1) çatışma bölgesinde belirsiz süreyle gemi rezervasyonlarının askıya alındığını, denizcilerin gemilerde mahsur kaldığını, navlunların ve sigorta primlerinin yükseldiğini, (2) küreselde ise taşımacılık maliyetlerinin arttığını ve gemilerin yönlendirildiği limanlarının hinterlantlarında sıkışıklığın oluştuğunu göstermektedir.
ÇANAKKALE İLİNİN LOJİSTİK ÜS OLMA POTANSİYELİ AÇISINDAN MEVCUT DURUM ANALİZİ
Authors: ÇAĞLAR Berna
Published: December 2022

Lojistik, ülkelerin uluslararası ticaretini tam zamanında ve düşük maliyetle gerçekleştirebilmesinde belirleyici bir role sahip olmaktadır. Bu noktada, bölgesel ve küresel pazarlara erişimin, ticaret akışının devamlılığının ve ulaştırma koridorlarının çeşitliliğinin sağlanabilmesi açısından lojistik üsler karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Lojistik üsler, lojistik faaliyetlerin belirli bir merkezden yürütülmesine olanak tanımaktadır.

Küresel ticarette bir bölgenin lojistik üs olabilmesi için; söz konusu bölgeye ait ulaştırma, coğrafi ve kurumsal altyapının güçlü olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Çanakkale ilinin lojistik üs olma potansiyeli ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı; Çanakkale ilinin lojistik üs olabilme potansiyelinin, SWOT analizi ve çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmesidir. Öncelikle araştırma konusu ile ilgili olan ve literatürde bulunan raporların, makalelerin incelenmesinden yola çıkarak içerik analizi yardımıyla SWOT analizi oluşturulmuştur. Yapılan SWOT analizi sonucunda belirlenen ana ve alt kriterler uzman görüşü alınıp; çok kriterli karar verme yaklaşımı olan Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi yöntemi kullanılarak önem derecelerine göre sıralanmıştır.

Elde edilen bulgulara göre; Çanakkale ili için stratejik planlamaların, çalışmaların neler olabileceği konusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
The Deliberative Principle In The Management System Of The Armenian Church
Authors: Sarvazyan Lilit
Published: December 2022

The historical mission of the Armenian Church was manifested by spiritual-andcultural, political-and-deliberative, diplomatic, legislative and judicial functions and specific principles of governance. After the fall of the statehood, the Armenian people concentrated the national power in the Armenian Church, which with its pro-national policy became the supreme authority in the national existence. The role of the rule of law, representative democracy and the principles of parliamentarianism in the management system of the Armenian Church has been particularly important in Armenian social and political circles. In this context, the results of the cooperation of the spiritual-and-ecclesiastical and secular-and-political authorities, as well as the unique self-governance ability of the Armenian nation were revealed.
Important Episodes From General Andranik’s Activity
Authors:   Institute of History of NAS RA, Doctor in History, Melikyan Vahan
Published: December 2022

The need to put a number of newly discovered materials into scientific circulation is aimed at refuting the still circulating faulty point of view that during the heroic battles of May, 1918 General Andranik was inactive, particularly in the region of Lori. Those materials prove that the famous general, fighting victorious battles and strengthening himself in the Vorontsovka-Dsegh area, fought three victorious battles against the Turkish troops on May 22, because of which, in particular, he did not participated in the heroic battle of Gharakilisa.
Outline Of The History Of The Statehood Of Artsakh And The Century Of The Karabakh Movement
Authors:   Academician of NAS RA, Suvaryan Yurii
Published: December 2022

The problem of Nagorno-Karabakh is topical not only from the scientific point of view, but most of all because of the need for practical recommendations on the fate of Artsakh and the indigenous Armenian population inhabiting it for thousands of years. The claim of Azerbaijan that Artsakh is an internationally recognized territory of Azerbaijan has no legal, historical-geographical and ethno-cultural basis, since it seceded from the Azerbaijani SSR according to the law of the USSR “On the procedure for resolving issues related to the secession of a union republic from the USSR” dated 04/03/1990.
The ability to resist Newcastle disease through inherited immunity in different strains of broilers in Nineveh governorate
Authors: Ezzulddin Thamer , Jwher Dhyaa , Shareef Akeel
Published: December 2022

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) is a viral disease that affects numerous bird species and is still present in many places, including Iraq.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare maternal derived antibodies (MatAb) against ND vaccination in one-day-old imported Cobb 500 and Ross 308 chicks.
Methods: From April to October 2020, four locations in Mosul governorate chosen to compute the maternal derived antibodies (MatAb) from one-day old broiler chicks. Seven hundred and seven blood samples (451) from imported 28 Ross 308 flocks and 256 from 17 Cobb 500 flocks were obtained and tested for antibody levels using an indirect ELISA (iELISA) assay (Biochek commercial kit, UK).
Results: The Cobb 500 broiler chicks outperformed the Ross 308 broiler chicks in that all of the Cobb 500 broiler chicks had maternal antibody (Mat Ab) titers (100% positivity) versus 97.78% of the Ross 308 chicks, had a mean (Mat Ab) titer of 9871.47 versus 8647.76, and had a mean CV percentage of 12.41% versus15.18% respectively. The mean Vaccination index of Cobb 500 broiler chicks was 966.59 versus 821.60 for Ross 308 broiler chicks.
Conclusion: Although both broiler types produced chicks with high and uniform maternal antibody titers, Cobb 500 produced chicks with higher protective titers than Ross 308.
Dairy calf and replacement heifer mortality on a single intensively managed dairy farm in Jordan: A 3-yearlong study (2016-2018)
Authors: Ismail Zuhair , Muhaffel Mohammad
Published: December 2022

Background: Pre-weaning dairy calf and replacement heifer mortality represents significant economic loss, limits genetic improvement and growth of the herd and indicates poor management and animal welfare status on the farm.

Aim: Currently, the rates and causes of dairy calf and replacement heifer mortality in Jordan are not known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the incidence rates and causes of mortality of pre-weaning calves and replacement heifers in Jordan. In addition, the age and seasonal distribution of mortality are determined in the study.

Methods: Data extracted from the farm management record software over 3 years (January 2016 to December 2018) were used in this study. Calf-specific data included the day and month of birth, and sex. Health-related data included age at death, necropsy findings, laboratory findings if available, and the presumptive diagnosis. Descriptive analysis was performed to determine the 3-year overall mortality rate as well as the yearly mortality rate in pre-weaning calves and replacement heifers using excel spreadsheets of Microsoft Word 10.

Results: Only female calves (n= 724) born alive during the study period were used in the analysis. The overall calf mortality rate was 8.9% with a yearly rate ranging between 5.9% to 12%. The majority of deaths occurred in calves less than 50 days of age with an average age of 17 days. There was a seasonal pattern for calf mortality with the majority of deaths occurred during the colder months of the year (December, January, February, March). The highest number of pre-weaning calves died because of enterotoxemia (39%) and pneumonia (30%). Other causes of calf mortality were abomasal ulcer (8%), enteritis (6%), septicemic salmonellosis (5%), meningitis (4%), rumen drinkers (3%), aspiration pneumonia (3%), septic arthritis (1%), and omphalitis (1%). The overall 3-year heifer mortality rate was 4%. The average age of dead heifers was 8 months (range 3 months to 23 months). The highest number of heifers died because of neurologic disease (37%) and enterotoxemia (33%). Other causes of heifer mortality were abomasal ulcer (11%), enteric salmonellosis (7%), chronic rumen tympany (7%), and chronic pneumonia (4%).

Conclusion: Data presented in this study are essential to construct and implement effective preventative health programs and improve farm management practices to reduce calf and heifer losses.
Vitamin D inhibited endometriosis development in mice model through interleukin 17 modulation
Authors: Burjiah Alfi , adi Ashon , Widjiati Widjiati
Published: December 2022

Background: Endometriosis is a common benign, estrogen-dependent, and chronic gynecological disease. Immune system disturbances and inflammatory abnormalities were involved in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. , Therefore, it is logical to use vitamin D, which has an immunomodulatory capacity, as supportive therapy for endometriosis.
Aims: This research time to study the effect of different doses of vitamin D on IL-17 expression in endometriosis mice models.
Methods: Endometriosis was induced in twenty-four mice divided into four groups of six. Group C received no treatment, while groups T1, T2, and T3 received graded doses of vitamin D to the stomach, sequentially 8 IU, 16 IU, and 24 IU for three weeks. Interleukin-17 expression and the extent of endometriotic peritoneal lesions were also measured and analyzed. Statistical tests were performed to see the difference in the mean area of endometriosis lesions and IL-17 expression between the control and treatment groups, as well as the correlation between the extent of endometriosis lesions and IL-17. We performed a statistical test to determine whether stratified doses have different IL-17 and endometriosis area outcomes.
Results: The area of endometriosis lesions was decreased after 16 IU and 24 IU of vitamin D administration (p 0.023 and 0.009). Endometriosis lesions also tended to be smaller after 8 IU of vitamin D supplementation, although insignificant (p > 0.05). Interleukin-17 expression was significantly lower after 24 IU vitamin D administration (p = 0.004). Vitamin D doses of 8 IU and 16 IU caused lower IL-17 expression, although not significant (p = 0.452 and p = 0.645). The regulation of IL-17 expression was significantly dependent on the dose level of vitamin D with an optimal dose of 24 IU (p = 0.004). This dose also caused the smallest endometriosis lesion, although not optimal (p > 0.05). IL-17 expression was moderately and positively correlated with the extent of endometriosis lesions (p = 0.012, rho = 0.505).
Conclusion: By modulating the expression of interleukin-17 in endometriotic lesions, vitamin D inhibits the development of endometriotic lesions in the endometriosis mice model. The optimal vitamin D dose in this study was 24 IU.
Nile Tilapia Bones as Eco-Friendly Alternative in Water Treatment and Enhancing Performance and Immunity in Broiler Chickens
Authors: Soliman Essam , Hassan Rania , Farid Doaa
Published: December 2022

Background: Water pollution has become a major threat to the environment and the living so an eco-friendly bio-filter was chosen for its merits over conventional techniques.
Aim: Investigating the purifying activities of the Tilapia bone powder against inorganics, heavy metals, and microbial water pollutants and its impacts on performance, biochemical and antioxidant levels, cortisol and immunoglobulin concentrations, and intestinal microbiota in challenged broiler chickens.
Methods: The in-vitro activity of Tilapia bone powder was evaluated against magnesium chloride and lead nitrate using tube minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), as well as against E. coli O1527:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Aspergillus niger, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, and Candida albicans using a 96-micro-well MIC. A total of 250 one-day-old Hubbard chicks were divided into five groups on a deep litter system. Chicks were supplemented daily with Tilapia bone powder (1 g/L) for 4-6 h from the 3rd day. Challenges were served on the 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, and 35th days for four broiler groups using magnesium chloride (100 mg/L), lead nitrate (350 mg/L), E. coli (2.4 × 1012 CFU/ml), S. Typhimurium (1.8 × 108 CFU/ml) respectively, and the 5th group was assigned as a control. A total of 2250 samples (90 Tilapia-pollutants mixes, 480 Tilapia-microbial mixes, 240 sera, 240 intestinal swabs, and 1200 tissue samples) were collected.
Results: Tilapia bones powder 1% reveals a 100% reduction in the lead after 1-h, total and calcium hardness after 0.5 h, as well as 100% killing efficacy against E. coli O1527:H7, S. Typhimurium, M. gallisepticum, A. niger, T. mentagrophytes, and C. albicans after 0.5, 1, 1, 1, 1, and 1-h respectively. Tilapia bones powder 1% treated water reveals highly significant (p < 0.01) increases in dissolved oxygen and declines in physicochemical and microbial parameters compared with tap water. Challenged treated broilers revealed highly significant (p < 0.01) increases in weight gains, performance index, body weights, carcasses and organs weights, immunoglobulin concentrations, and antioxidant levels, as well as highly significant (p < 0.01) improvements in feed conversions, feed and water intakes, biochemical profile, cortisol hormone, and intestinal microbiota.
Conclusion: Tilapia bone powder provided significant in-vitro adsorptive and antimicrobial actions, as well as supported the broiler chickens to mitigate the polluted water stress accompanied by enhanced performance, carcass quality, immunity, and intestinal microbiota.
Performance of Constructed Wetland on the Removal of Nutrient in Domestic Wastewater Using Chrysopogon Zizanioides
Authors: Nguyen My Linh
Published: December 2022

In this study, a native wild plant, Chrysopogon zizanioides (C-zi), was used in a wetland system to treat household wastewater. The root system of the C-zi is comprised of primary roots, secondary roots, and filamentous roots that all extend vertically deep into the soil rather than spreading horizontally. Depending on the concentration of the influent water, the water entering the vetiver-containing tank was stored for 3 to 5 days. These results demonstrated C-superior zi's ability to degrade organic waste as well as nutrients. COD, BOD, phosphorus, and ammonia are all removed with a high degree of effectiveness (82%, 82%, 80%, and 76%, respectively) in both stages of domestic wastewater treatment. The plant's roots had grown from 5 to 30 centimeters in length over the course of three months. In aspects of wastewater treatment and high biomass growth in wetland system, it was proposed that the use of C-zi is favorable.
Influences of Processing Conditions, Thickening Agents and Storage on Quality and Gamma-amino Butyric Acid Content of Germinated Brown Rice Milk
Authors: Ngo Gia Bao , Do Thuy Khanh Linh , Hoang Van Chuyen
Published: December 2022

Germinated brown rice has recently been recognized as a nutritious and functional food for human health and rice milk is known as one of the most convenient and favorable products from the germinated brown rice. In this study, effects of soaking time, ratio of rice to water, thermal treatments, different thickeners and storage temperature on gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) content and quality characteristics of germinated brown rice milk (GBRM) were investigated. The results showed that the soaking with ratio 1:10 of rice to water for 8 hours produced the highest GABA content (304.70 µg/ml) compared to other soaking treatments. The heating treatment using 90oC was the most suitable for retaining the GABA content in the obtained GBRM. Regarding the effect of thickening formulations, the mixture of guar gum and xanthan gum created the highest stable GBRM product with the stability approximately 100% after 7 days of storage. In addition, the storage at 5oC was exhibited as the most suitable among the investigated storage conditions for the preservation of GABA content, stability and microbial quality of the GBRM.
Prenatal screening for neural tube defects: from maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein to ultrasonography
Authors: Kim Gwang Jun , Seong Ji Su , Oh Jin A
Published: December 2022

The two main screening tests during pregnancy are those for chromosomal abnormalities and neural tube defects (NTDs). In particular, for NTDs, measurement of maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) levels early in the second trimester (15-18 weeks of gestation) has been considered the gold standard screening test for the past 4 decades. However, with remarkable technological advancements and the widespread use of ultrasound during those periods, mid-trimester ultrasonography has gradually replaced the role of measuring MSAFP levels as a screening method for NTDs. This change was initiated more about 10 years ago in some countries, which have issued national guidelines to use mid-trimester ultrasonography instead of measuring MSAFP levels as a prenatal screening method for NTDs. However, no significant changes have occurred in Korea, where second-trimester ultrasonography is routinely performed with high-quality equipment. We aimed to provide information regarding the importance of changing the screening method for NTDs from MSAFP measurement to ultrasonography, and to detail methods of implementing mid-trimester ultrasonography for screening purposes. We also share our experience of operating a prenatal diagnostic program for NTDs without using MSAFP for more than 15 years.
The Concept of Calculating the Water Distribution System as a Repeatable Process with Elements of Diagnostics Using Neural Modeling
Authors: Dawidowicz Jacek
Published: December 2022

Calculations of water distribution systems are most often performed many times because the correct solution from a technical point of view is rarely obtained after the first calculation run; hence, we can talk about a multistage calculation process. In connection with this, the calculation process of computer water distribution systems can be additionally supplemented with elements of process diagnostics. Diagnostic activities should be carried out using numerical algorithms, which can be a complement to classical hydraulic calculations of water distribution systems. The condition for reliable functioning of the diagnostic system formulated in this way is the efficient detection of computational irregularities. For this purpose, diagnostic problems were defined for the water pipes and the connection nodes in the water distribution system. The proposed diagnostic tests analyze the calculation results and indicate whether the solution is correct or, if irregularities are detected, suggest a way to solve the problem. Diagnostic tests are carried out using artificial neural networks.
Reequilibrando los espacios urbanos derecho a la ciudad y participación ciudadana en los barrios vulnerables de Madrid
Authors: Uceda Navas Pedro , Domínguez Pérez Marta
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es el análisis del concepto del derecho a la ciudad en las áreas vulnerables de la ciudad de Madrid, comenzando por una propuesta de operacionalización del mismo y su aplicación a esta ciudad, justificado por ser una de las capitales más segregadas de Europa. A través de metodología cualitativa, se mide la inclusión-exclusión de este tipo de áreas en relación al resto de áreas urbanas. Como principales ejes del análisis cualitativo se han establecido cuatro ejes discursivos que determinan los puntos débiles y las fortalezas que se dan en este tipo de barrios. La idea final viene a destacar la articulación de un discurso identitario que permite configurar la apropiación de lo urbano como ejercicio del derecho a la ciudad.
Pensamiento e intento suicida en mujeres y su relación con la violencia de género
Authors: Sanz-Fuentes Antonio , Ruiz Lorenzo Valeria
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar posibles factores que infieren en conductas relacionadas con el suicidio femenino: la ideación y el intento. Para ello, se ha observado la influencia de diferentes indicadores sociodemográficos, redes de apoyo, violencias de género sufridas y miedo a la pareja actual mediante un análisis cuantitativo a través de una fuente de datos secundaria, el estudio n.º 3235 «Macroencuesta de Violencia contra la Mujer» (CIS, 2019). Se han utilizado tanto técnicas de análisis descriptivas como inferenciales, aplicando la regresión logística múltiple a dos modelos construidos: pensamiento suicida e intento suicida. Entre los resultados destaca que la violencia psicológica y de control, así como el miedo a la pareja, influyen en el pensamiento e intento suicida de las mujeres.
THE GENESYS OF LEGAL AND STRUCTURAL SUPPORT OF THE STATE CULTURE MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE
Authors: YASHYNA Olena
Published: December 2022

The article considers sphere of cultural sphere development at the level of state management, besides, the state program of economical and social development in Ukraine, the programs of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine,
the target programs in the spheres of culture during the times of the State independence. It is also mainly focused on comparative historical analysis of the cultural content and organizational and legal support of culture state management on the territory of Ukraine. The main problems of regulatory, legal and financial support for the cultural development in the conditions of transformational changes are revealed. The essence of the concepts «state administration», «sphere of culture», «culture» is highlighted. The problems of state management in the cultural sphere in the social, spiritual, humanitarian, and organizational aspects were studied, and the cultural sphere was defined as an integral component of the full­fledged development of the individual and society as a whole. Culture itself is the basis for each citizen self­identification and is remains the significant lever of state policy providing its contribution to the development of the national outlook. Modernization in the cultural sphere of Ukraine will allow to effectively form Ukrainian cultural values as an investment to the future of the State. Today, the sphere of culture is integrated into all aspects of social life, economy and politics, which specifies the urgency of the reform direction determination, requires certain shifts in the state regulation of the cultural sphere in Ukraine. Dissertation studies of Ukrainian scientists devoted to the development of state management in the sphere of culture were analyzed. Methodological and methodical approaches to the formation of strategic mechanisms of state management in the specified sphere and the reformation potential of the state’s cultural policy were determined. The main direction of further research should be the transformational reform content and nature disclosure of the state management system in the field of culture during the period of Ukrainian independence, the determination of priority directions for reforming the sphere of culture in our country, modern trends and prospects for the development of state culture management at the regional level.