bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resection of Metachronous Adrenal Metastasis after Liver Resection and Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ha Tae-Yong , Hwang Shin , Ahn Chul-Soo , Kim Ki-Hun , Lee Young-Joo , Moon Deok-Bog , Song Gi-Won , Jung Dong-Hwan , Park Gil-Chun , Lee Sung-Gyu
Published: January 2015

Background: This study analyzed the patient survival outcomes following the resection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metachronous adrenal metastasis (MAM) in patients who had undergone liver resection or liver transplantation (LT). Methods: Clinical results were analyzed retrospectively in 26 patients with MAM-HCC who underwent adrenalectomy. Results: The mean interval between initial surgery and adrenalectomy was significantly shorter in the resection group than in the LT group (18.3 ± 14.4 vs. 42.6 ± 13.8 months, p < 0.001). Of 19 resected patients, four had adrenal metastases on the right side, 12 on the left side and three bilaterally, with a mean tumor diameter of 3.6 ± 1.5 cm. Ten of these patients underwent open surgery and nine underwent laparoscopic surgery; all patients experienced recurrences within 18 months and 20.3% survived 5 years after adrenalectomy. Of 7 patients who underwent LT, four had adrenal metastases on the right side and three on the left side, with a mean tumor diameter of 3.4 ± 1.8 cm. Six of these patients underwent open surgery and one underwent laparoscopic surgery. Five-year recurrence and patient survival rates after adrenalectomy were 28.6 and 85.7%, respectively. Conclusions: Adrenalectomy is indicated in patients with isolated MAM-HCC. Comparisons with other locoregional treatment modalities and multicenter studies with additional patients are needed to validate the role of adrenalectomy.
The Religious Legitimacy of Socioeconomic Human Rights among Suriname Youth
Authors: van der Ven Johannes A. (Hans) , Vernooij Joop G.
Published: January 2015

This paper is about the extent to which Suriname youth support the socioeconomic rights which are inscribed in todays’ Suriname constitution. First some of this constitution’s highlights are presented (1). Then this constitution’s main socioeconomic rights are described from the perspective of international human rights declarations and treaties (2). After that a report is given about the endorsement of these rights by Suriname youth, divided into three different groups, Christian, Muslim and Hindu higher secondary education students. The so-called classic socioeconomic rights appear to be well supported by them, whereas the refugee rights are surrounded by negatively oriented ambivalence (3). The paper ends with a short conclusion.
Tamil through Epigraphical Lenses
Authors: Francis Emmanuel
Published: January 2015

The collection of papers by Indian and western scholars, senior and junior, published in the book New Dimensions in Tamil Epigraphy edited by Appasamy Murugaiyan is doubly welcome as it concerns epigraphical sources with a focus on Tamil Nadu. In this contribution are offered a summary of each essay in the volume along with comments and suggestions for deepening the arguments presented.
Retispatha subsumed in Calamus (Arecaceae)
Authors: Henderson Andrew , FLODA DANIEL
Published: January 2015

Based on research in progress and previously published, Retispatha is placed in synonymy under Calamus. The new combination Calamus dumetosus (Dransfield) Henderson & Floda is made.
Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Pityocera Giglio-Tos, 1896 (Diptera: Tabanidae: Scionini)
Authors: KROLOW TIAGO KÜTTER , HENRIQUES AUGUSTO LOUREIRO , GORAYEB INOCÊNCIO DE SOUSA , LIMEIRA-DE-OLIVEIRA FRANCISCO , BUESTÁN JAIME
Published: January 2015

The genus Pityocera Giglio-Tos is revised based on examination of external morphology and genitalia of type material and specimens from Brazilian and foreign institutions. Five currently valid species in three subgenera are recognized: P. (Elaphella) cervus (Wiedemann, 1828); P. (Pityocera) festai Giglio-Tos, 1896; P. (Pseudelaphella) nana (Walker, 1850); P. (Pseudelaphella) nigribasis Fairchild, 1964; P. (Pseudelaphella) patellicornis (Kröber, 1930). Five new species are described: P. (Pseudelaphella) barrosi Gorayeb & Krolow sp. nov. (Brazil: Mato Grosso do Sul); P. (Pseudelaphella) gorayebi Limeira-de-Oliveira & Krolow sp. nov. (Brazil: Maranhão, Tocantins and Bahia); P. (Pseudelaphella) pernaquila Gorayeb & Krolow sp. nov. (Brazil: Pará and Rondônia); P. (Pseudelaphella) rhinolissa Krolow & Henriques sp. nov. (Brazil: Pará, Maranhão, Tocantins, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul; Bolivia: Santa Cruz); P. (Pseudelaphella) ecuadorensis Buestán & Krolow sp. nov. (Ecuador: Manabí, Guayas, Santa Elena and Loja). We provide diagnosis, descriptions, redescriptions, distribution records, illustrations and discussion for all species, as well as a key for identification of species.
The Seasonal Cycle of Lower-Tropospheric Gravity Wave Activity at Davis, Antarctica (69°S, 78°E)
Authors: Alexander Simon , Murphy Damian
Published: January 2015

A VHF wind-profiling radar located at Davis in coastal East Antarctica (69°S, 78°E) collected data from September 2009 to August 2011 in the lower troposphere. Gravity wave activity is quantified using the radar’s wind velocity variances. ERA-Interim and Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction System (AMPS) forecast output are used to understand the gravity wave activity in the context of the synoptic-scale meteorology and to identify the likely source of the observed gravity waves. The seasonal cycle of lower-tropospheric gravity wave activity (2.0–3.2-km altitude) obtained from the radar data for waves with ground-based periods of 16 min–12.8 h reveals a maximum in winter and a minimum in summer. The largest gravity wave activity corresponds in time to the presence of a surface depression centered north of Davis that directs strong northeasterly winds along the Antarctic coastline. Case studies indicate that these winds interact with an ice ridgeline located around 60 km northeast and upwind of Davis. This interaction between synoptic northeasterly winds and the ridgeline results in the formation of orographic gravity waves, which are observed in the Davis radar data as large wind velocity perturbations.
Fixed-Point Observation of Mixed Layer Evolution in the Seasonally Ice-Free Chukchi Sea: Turbulent Mixing due to Gale Winds and Internal Gravity Waves
Authors: Kawaguchi Yusuke , Nishino Shigeto , Inoue Jun
Published: January 2015

A fixed-point observation using the R/V Mirai was conducted in the ice-free northern Chukchi Sea of the Arctic Ocean during September of 2013. During the program the authors performed repeated microstructure measurements to reveal the temporal evolution of the surface mixed layer and mixing processes in the upper water column. The shelf region was initially characterized by a distinct two-layer system comprising a warmer/fresher top layer and a colder/saltier bottom layer. During the two-week observation period, the top-layer water showed two types of mixing processes: near-surface turbulence due to strong wind forcing and subsurface mixing due to internal gravity waves. In the first week, when the top layer was stratified with fresh sea ice meltwater, turbulent energy related to internal waves propagated through the subsurface stratification, resulting in a mechanical overturning near the pycnocline, followed by enhanced mixing there. In the second week, gale winds directly stirred up the upper water and then established a deeper homogenous layer. The combination of internal wave mixing and wind-driven turbulence may contribute to releasing the oceanic heat into the atmosphere, consequently promoting the preconditioning of surface water freezing.
Building Trust in a Postconflict Society
Authors: Kenworthy Jared Bowden , Voci Alberto , Ramiah Ananthi Al , Tausch Nicole , Hughes Joanne , Hewstone Miles
Published: January 2015

Across one longitudinal and two cross-sectional surveys in Northern Ireland, we tested a model of intergroup relations in which out-group attitudes and behavioral tendencies are predicted by cross-group friendship and positive intergroup appraisals, mediated by intergroup emotions and out-group trust. In study 1, out-group friendship at time 1 predicted out-group trust at time 2 (one year later), controlling for prior out-group trust. In study 2, positive and negative intergroup emotions mediated the effects of friendship on positive and negative behavioral tendencies and attitudes. In study 3, a confirmatory factor analysis indicated that trust and emotions are distinct constructs with unique predictive contributions. We then tested a model in which cross-group friendship predicted intergroup emotions and trust through intimate self-disclosure in out-group friendships. Our findings support an integration of an intergroup emotions framework with research highlighting the importance of cross-group friendship in fostering positive intergroup outcomes.
A successfully treated case of hypopituitarism complicated with hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state and rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Wang Yi-Chen , Gao Li-Chao , Xu Hui , Qu Xiao-Zhang , Wang Ye , Lou Xiao-Qian , Guo Hui
Published: January 2015

Introduction

This study aimed to report a rare case of hypopituitarism complicated with hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state and rhabdomyolysis.

Case presentation

Hypopituitarism is a clinical syndrome in which there is a deficiency in hormone production by the pituitary gland. It often leads to hypoglycaemia, but in this case the patient was complicated with hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state. The patient received prompt medical treatment, which effectively prevented the occurrence of possible acute kidney failure and other complications.

Conclusion

This is a complicated and rare case. Our report provides some indications for the timely diagnosis and the standardised treatments for a patient who has hypopituitarism complicated with hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state and rhabdomyolysis.
Do Hostile Media Perceptions Lead to Action? The Role of Hostile Media Perceptions, Political Efficacy, and Ideology in Predicting Climate Change Activism
Authors: Feldman Lauren , Hart P. Sol , Leiserowitz Anthony , Maibach Edward , Roser-Renouf Connie
Published: January 2015

This study joins a growing body of research that demonstrates the behavioral consequences of hostile media perceptions. Using survey data from a nationally representative U.S. sample, this study tests a moderated-mediation model examining the direct and indirect effects of hostile media perceptions on climate change activism. The model includes external political efficacy as a mediator and political ideology and internal political efficacy as moderators. The results show that hostile media perceptions have a direct association with climate activism that is conditioned by political ideology: Among liberals, hostile media perceptions promote activism, whereas among conservatives, they decrease activism. Hostile media perceptions also have a negative, indirect relationship with activism that is mediated through external political efficacy; however, this relationship is conditioned by both ideology and internal political efficacy. Specifically, the indirect effect manifests exclusively among conservatives and moderates who have low internal efficacy. Theoretical, normative, and practical implications are discussed.
Toxicological effects of carbosulfan in rats
Authors: Nwani Christopher Didigwu , Agrawal Narottam Das , Raghuvanshi Suchita , Jaswal Amita , Shrivastava Sadhana , Sinha Neelu , Onyishi Grace , Shukla Sangeeta
Published: January 2015

Carbosulfan is often used in agriculture for pest control on crops and for treatment against pyrethroid-resistant mosquitoes. This study investigated the impact of carbosulfan on oxidative stress markers, antioxidant defense, hematological, biochemical, and enzymological parameters in Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were orally administered carbosulfan doses of 1.02 to 10.20 mg/kg body weight daily; after 96 h, blood samples were taken, and the liver, kidney, and brain were dissected out for study. Results indicate that carbosulfan significantly increased the levels of lipid peroxidation and suppressed the activity of reduced glutathione, glutathione reductase, catalase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and adenosine triphosphatase. A mixed trend was observed in the activity of superoxide dismutase, while an increase was observed in the levels of serum uric acid, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. Hemoglobin and albumin levels decreased but no significant differences were observed in creatinine and bilirubin levels. Future studies should include a more detailed analysis of the effects of chronic carbosulfan exposure on these biomarkers to further assess the impact of the pesticide on mammalian models.
Early Posttraumatic Seizures in the Pediatric Population
Authors: Arndt Daniel H. , Goodkin Howard P. , Giza Christopher C.
Published: January 2015

Early posttraumatic seizure is a paramount clinical issue in pediatric traumatic brain injury patients as it is a common occurrence, yet an understudied entity at present. Recent literature recognizes several posttraumatic seizure subtypes based on time of presentation and the underlying pathophysiology: impact, immediate, delayed early, and late/posttraumatic epilepsy. Appropriate classification of pediatric posttraumatic seizure subtypes can be helpful for appropriate management and prognosis. This review will focus on early posttraumatic seizures, and the subtypes of early posttraumatic seizure. Incidence, risk factors, diagnosis, seizure semiology, status epilepticus, management, risk of recurrence, and prognosis were reviewed. The integration of continuous electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring into pediatric traumatic brain injury management may hold the key to better characterizing and understanding pediatric early posttraumatic seizures. Topics for future research pertaining to pediatric early posttraumatic seizure are identified.
Prediction and control of the structure-borne noise of a vehicle based on an optimization technique of the vehicle-body model
Authors: Xu Meng , Zhang Jun-hong , Lin Jie-wei , Guo Peng , He Wei-ju , Li Zhao-wen
Published: January 2015

A novel optimization approach is proposed for the development of the body-in-white model of a hatchback car based on the effective independence–weighted average acceleration amplitude method and the modal assurance criterion. By employing this optimization method, not only are the modal frequency and the mode shape identified more accurately, but also the experimental efficiency is significantly improved. According to the level of concern of the vibration mode, weighted factors are given to the modal features in order to make the sensor arrangement more efficient and reasonable. The target parameters are obtained by a sensitivity analysis of the design parameters of the hatchback car and an optimization is carried out. An acoustic–structural coupled model is developed on the basis of the optimized body-in-white model and used for prediction of the interior structure-borne noise of the hatchback car. The predicted results of the sound pressure level show good agreement with the experimental data, particularly at the frequencies concerned. By using the multi-position multi-frequency method, the mean acoustic contribution coefficient is proposed, and the panels with significant influence on the interior noise are identified. Accordingly, some modifications of the car body are made by using damping material. As a result, the interior noise decreases totally in the range from 10 Hz to 60 Hz. Some significant reductions are obtained at 23.34 Hz and 46.68 Hz, namely 4.1 dB(A) and 2.5 dB(A) at the position of the driver’s right ear and 4.6 dB(A) and 3.5 dB(A) at the middle of the rear seat.
Reducing Medical Errors in Primary Care Using a Pragmatic Complex Intervention
Authors: Khoo Ee Ming , Sararaks Sondi , Lee Wai Khew , Liew Su May , Cheong Ai Theng , Abdul Samad Azah , Maskon Kalsom , Hamid Maimunah A
Published: January 2015

This study aimed to develop an intervention to reduce medical errors and to determine if the intervention can reduce medical errors in public funded primary care clinics. A controlled interventional trial was conducted in 12 conveniently selected primary care clinics. Random samples of outpatient medical records were selected and reviewed by family physicians for documentation, diagnostic, and management errors at baseline and 3 months post intervention. The intervention package comprised educational training, structured process change, review methods, and patient education. A significant reduction was found in overall documentation error rates between intervention (Pre 98.3% [CI 97.1-99.6]; Post 76.1% [CI 68.1-84.1]) and control groups (Pre 97.4% [CI 95.1-99.8]; Post 89.5% [85.3-93.6]). Within the intervention group, overall management errors reduced from 54.0% (CI 49.9-58.0) to 36.6% (CI 30.2-43.1) and medication error from 43.2% (CI 39.2-47.1) to 25.2% (CI 19.9-30.5). This low-cost intervention was useful to reduce medical errors in resource-constrained settings.
Climate Change, Water Quality, and Water-Related Diseases in the Mekong Delta Basin
Authors: Phung Dung , Huang Cunrui , Rutherford Shannon , Chu Cordia , Wang Xiaoming , Nguyen Minh
Published: January 2015

Mekong Delta Basin (MDB) is vulnerable to extreme climate and hydrological events. The objectives of this review are to understand of water related health effects exacerbated by climate change and the gaps of knowledge on the relationships between climate conditions, water quality, and water-related diseases in the MDB. The findings indicate that a few studies with qualitative emphases on the relationships between climate and water quality have been conducted in MDB, and they are insufficient to describe the pattern of climate-disease relationship. The diseases caused by chemical contaminants in relation to changes of climate conditions are neglected in MDB. We suggest further studies to examine the influence of short-term variation of climate conditions on water quality and water-related diseases for the purpose of public health and medical prevention, and due to the trans-boundary nature of MDB, developing partnership in data sharing and research collaboration among MDBs countries should be prioritized.
Assessment of Scientific Communication Self-efficacy, Interest, and Outcome Expectations for Career Development in Academic Medicine
Authors: Anderson Cheryl B. , Lee Hwa Young , Byars-Winston Angela , Baldwin Constance D. , Cameron Carrie , Chang Shine
Published: January 2015

Competency in forms of scientific communication, both written and spoken, is essential for success in academic science. This study examined the psychometric properties of three new measures, based on social cognitive career theory, that are relevant to assessment of skill and perseverance in scientific communication. Pre- and postdoctoral trainees in biomedical science ( N = 411) completed online questionnaires assessing self-efficacy in scientific communication, career outcome expectations, and interest in performing tasks in scientific writing, oral presentation, and impromptu scientific discourse. Structural equation modeling was used to evaluate factor structures and model relations. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a 22-item, 3-factor measure of self-efficacy; an 11-item, 2-factor measure of outcome expectations; and a 12-item, 3-factor measure of interest in scientific communication activities. Construct validity was further demonstrated by theory-consistent inter-factor relations and relations with typical communications performance behaviors (e.g., writing manuscripts, abstracts, and presenting at national meetings).
Family Influence on Career Decision Making
Authors: Fouad Nadya A. , Kim Shin-ye , Ghosh Arpita , Chang Wen-hsin , Figueiredo Catia
Published: January 2015

This study examined the nomological network for the Family Influence Scale in the United States and India. Specifically, the study assessed the relationship between family influences on career decision making and the constructs of family obligation, work volition, calling, work values, and occupational engagement across two countries. A total of 136 U.S. participants and 377 participants from India responded to a survey via Amazon Mechanical Turk. The study found support for the construct validity and the four different types of family influences both between the United States and the Indian population. Family influence was correlated in expected ways with family obligation, work volition, work values, calling, and occupational engagement.
Squeeze film lubrication in piston rings and reciprocating contacts
Authors: Taylor RI
Published: January 2015

A detailed analysis of ‘squeeze’ lubrication effects in piston rings and reciprocating line contacts is reported. Inclusion of ‘squeeze’ effects leads to significant oil film thicknesses at reversal positions, and the pressure distribution in the lubricated contact can extend over the full face of the contact, whereas in models which neglect ‘squeeze’ effects, oil film thicknesses are predicted to be zero at reversal positions, and only half the contact is wetted. If it is desired to reduce friction losses without affecting durability, it is shown that one interesting ‘co-engineering’ option would be to use a lower viscosity lubricant, and at the same time, use ‘flatter’ piston rings. This is shown to lead to both lower friction and higher oil minimum film thicknesses. The model developed for piston rings can be applied to reciprocating line contacts with very little modification, and once again, it is found that the inclusion of ‘squeeze’ effects has a significant impact on oil film thickness, and it is also shown that the friction force is different dependent on the direction of sliding of the contact.
Mapping longitudinal studies to risk factors in an ontology for dementia
Authors: Roantree Mark , O’ Donoghue Jim , O’ Kelly Noel , Pierce Maria , Irving Kate , Van Boxtel Martin , Köhler Sebastian
Published: January 2015

A common activity carried out by healthcare professionals is to test various hypotheses on longitudinal study data in an effort to develop new and more reliable algorithms that might determine the possibility of developing certain illnesses. The INnovative, Midlife INtervention for Dementia Deterrence project provides input from a number of European dementia experts to identify the most accurate model of inter-related risk factors which can yield a personalized dementia-risk quotient and profile. This model is then validated against the large population-based prospective Maastricht Aging Study dataset. As part of this overall goal, the research presented in this article demonstrates how we can automate the process of mapping modifiable risk factors against large sections of the aging study and thus use information technology to provide more powerful query interfaces.
Modelling volatility using a non-homogeneous martingale model for processes with constant mean on count data
Authors: van den Broek Jan
Published: January 2015

In this article a non-homogeneous martingale model is proposed to model volatility in a stochastic time series of count data with constant mean. The approach is derived from a general non-homogeneous birth-and-death process, in which the mean and the variance of population size can vary as a function of time. This model can be important in modelling early warning signals that there is going to be a change of state in a complex system. The net reproduction ratio obtained from fitting a non-homogeneous birth–death model can be used as an additional tool to compare this model with a model where there is no change in the mean over the observation period. These models and procedures are illustrated with quarterly Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus prevalence data registered since 2001 from three Acute Trusts of hospitals of the National Health Service in Great Britain.
An unusual cause of spinal cord ischemia after thoracic endovascular repair
Authors: Koleilat Issam , Moore Erin , Hanover Tod , Eidt John
Published: January 2015

A 59-year-old left-handed man presented with chest pain and hypertension and was found to have an acute descending aortic dissection on imaging. After thoracic endovascular repair of the dissection, he developed left arm weakness and ischemia. Despite carotid-subclavian transposition, the patient was found to have persistent left triceps weakness as well as bilateral leg paresis. An urgent spinal drain was placed that improved his lower extremity deficit but did not greatly change his arm symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine revealed previously undiagnosed severe multilevel spinal stenosis requiring operative decompression. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the contribution of cervical spinal stenosis to post-thoracic endovascular repair spinal ischemia.
The misuse and overuse of non-sterile gloves: application of an audit tool to define the problem
Authors: Wilson Jennie , Prieto Jacqui , Singleton Julie , O’Connor Vivienne , Lynam Siobhan , Loveday Heather
Published: January 2015

Background:

The use of non-sterile gloves (NSG) has become routine in the delivery of health care, often for procedures for which they are not required; their use may increase the risk of cross contamination and is generally not integrated into hand hygiene audit. This paper describes a small-scale application and validation of an observational audit tool devised to identify inappropriate use of NSG and potential for cross contamination.

Methods:

Two observers simultaneously observed the use of NSG during episodes of care in an acute hospital setting. The inter-rater reliability (IRR) of the audit tool was measured corrected for chance agreement using Kappa.

Results:

A total of 22 episodes of care using NSG were observed. In 68.6% (24/35) of procedures there was no contact with blood/body fluid; in 54.3% (19/35) NSG-use was inappropriate. The IRR was 100% for eight of 12 components of the tool. For hand hygiene before and after NSG removal it was 82% (Kappa = 0.72) and 95% (Kappa = 0.87).

Conclusions:

In this small-scale application of a glove-use audit tool we demonstrated over-use and misuse of NSG and potential for cross transmission on gloved hands. The audit tool provides an effective mechanism for integrating glove use into the audit of hand hygiene behaviour.
A genetic study on C5-TRAF1 and progression of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: van Steenbergen Hanna W , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Luis , Berglin Ewa , Zhernakova Alexandra , Knevel Rachel , Ivorra-Cortés Jose , Huizinga Tom WJ , Fernández-Gutiérrez Benjamin , Gregersen Peter K , Rantapää-Dahlqvist Solbritt , van der Helm-van Mil Annette HM
Published: January 2015

Introduction

The severity of joint damage progression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is heritable. Several genetic variants have been identified, but together explain only part of the total genetic effect. Variants in Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), C5-TRAF1, and Fc-receptor-like-3 (FCRL3) have been described to associate with radiographic progression, but results of different studies were incongruent. We aimed to clarify associations of these variants with radiographic progression by evaluating six independent cohorts.

Methods

In total 5,895 sets of radiographs of 2,493 RA-patients included in six different independent datasets from the Netherlands, Sweden, Spain and North-America were studied in relation to rs1800795 (IL-6), rs1800896 (IL-10), rs2900180 (C5-TRAF1) and rs7528684 (FCRL3). Associations were tested in the total RA-populations and in anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA)-positive and ACPA-negative subgroups per cohort, followed by meta-analyses. Furthermore, the associated region C5-TRAF1 was fine-mapped in the ACPA-negative Dutch RA-patients.

Results

No associations were found for rs1800795 (IL-6), rs1800896 (IL-10) and rs7528684 (FCRL3) in the total RA-population and after stratification for ACPA. Rs2900180 in C5-TRAF1 was associated with radiographic progression in the ACPA-negative population (P-value meta-analysis = 5.85 × 10−7); the minor allele was associated with more radiographic progression. Fine-mapping revealed a region of 66Kb that was associated; the lowest P-value was for rs7021880 in TRAF1. The P-value for rs7021880 in meta-analysis was 6.35 × 10−8. Previous studies indicate that the region of rs7021880 was associated with RNA expression of TRAF1 and C5.

Conclusion

Variants in IL-6, IL-10 and FCRL3 were not associated with radiographic progression. Rs2900180 in C5-TRAF1 and linked variants in a 66Kb region were associated with radiographic progression in ACPA-negative RA.
Diffraction imaging in fractured carbonates and unconventional shales
Authors: Sturzu Ioan , Popovici Alexander Mihai , Moser Tijmen Jan , Sudhakar Sudha
Published: January 2015

Diffraction imaging is recognized as a new approach to image small-scale fractures in shale and carbonate reservoirs. By identifying the areas with increased natural fracture density, reservoir engineers can design an optimal well placement program that targets the sweet spots (areas with increased production), and minimizes the total number of wells used for a prospective area. High-resolution imaging of the small-scale fractures in shale reservoirs such as Eagle Ford, Bakken, Utica, and Woodbine in the US, and Horn River, Montney, and Utica in Canada improves the prospect characterization and predrill assessment of the geologic conditions, improves the production and recovery efficiency, reduces field development cost, and decreases the environmental impact of developing the field by using fewer wells to optimally produce the reservoir. We evaluated several field data examples using a method of obtaining images of diffractors using specularity filtering that could be performed in depth and time migration. Provided that a good migration velocity was available, we used the deviation of ray scattering from Snell’s law to attenuate reflection energy in the migrated image. The resulting diffraction images reveal much of the structural detail that was previously obscured by reflection energy.
In the Name of the Nothing, from Heidegger to Said: A Spanos Itinerary
Authors: Radhakrishnan R.
Published: January 2015

This essay is a genealogical appreciation of the theoretical legacy of the work of William Spanos as it has evolved from an early and ongoing commitment to the “de-structive hermeneutics” of Martin Heidegger toward Edward Said’s exilic politics of a contrapuntal secular humanism. The essay argues that Spanos is one of those rare critics who have found a way to align the generosity of ontological thinking with the polemical intensity of political critique. Moving subtly between a poststructuralist epistemological critique of humanism and a robust political-secular advocacy of humanism, Spanos’s long career of distinguished work continues to vivify the human condition in the name of the Heideggerian “nothing.” The uniqueness of the Spanos legacy is its idiosyncratic originality: for example, Spanos’s brand of poststructuralism is not compatible with what has come to be known as poststructuralism, just as Spanosian postmodernism is at odds with canonical versions of the postmodern. During times of theoretical apathy and indifference, what sets apart Spanos’s legacy is its underlying ethics of care, and its indefatigable passion for resistance and oppositional thinking.
β-catenin-dependent transcription is central to Bmp-mediated formation of venous vessels
Authors: Kashiwada Takeru , Fukuhara Shigetomo , Terai Kenta , Tanaka Toru , Wakayama Yuki , Ando Koji , Nakajima Hiroyuki , Fukui Hajime , Yuge Shinya , Saito Yoshinobu , Gemma Akihiko , Mochizuki Naoki
Published: January 2015

β-catenin regulates the transcription of genes involved in diverse biological processes, including embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Endothelial cell (EC)-specific gene-targeting analyses in mice have revealed that β-catenin is required for vascular development. However, the precise function of β-catenin-mediated gene regulation in vascular development is not well understood, since β-catenin regulates not only gene expression but also the formation of cell-cell junctions. To address this question, we have developed a novel transgenic zebrafish line that allows the visualization of β-catenin transcriptional activity specifically in ECs and discovered that β-catenin-dependent transcription is central to the bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp)-mediated formation of venous vessels. During caudal vein (CV) formation, Bmp induces the expression of aggf1, a putative causative gene for Klippel–Trenaunay syndrome, which is characterized by venous malformation and hypertrophy of bones and soft tissues. Subsequently, Aggf1 potentiates β-catenin transcriptional activity by acting as a transcriptional co-factor, suggesting that Bmp evokes β-catenin-mediated gene expression through Aggf1 expression. Bmp-mediated activation of β-catenin induces the expression of Nr2f2 (also known as Coup-TFII), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, to promote the differentiation of venous ECs, thereby contributing to CV formation. Furthermore, β-catenin stimulated by Bmp promotes the survival of venous ECs, but not that of arterial ECs. Collectively, these results indicate that Bmp-induced activation of β-catenin through Aggf1 regulates CV development by promoting the Nr2f2-dependent differentiation of venous ECs and their survival. This study demonstrates, for the first time, a crucial role of β-catenin-mediated gene expression in the development of venous vessels.
DNA hypomethylation induces a DNA replication-associated cell cycle arrest to block hepatic outgrowth in uhrf1 mutant zebrafish embryos
Authors: Jacob Vinitha , Chernyavskaya Yelena , Chen Xintong , Tan Poh Seng , Kent Brandon , Hoshida Yujin , Sadler Kirsten C.
Published: January 2015

UHRF1 (ubiquitin-like, containing PHD and RING finger domains, 1) recruits DNMT1 to hemimethylated DNA during replication and is essential for maintaining DNA methylation. uhrf1 mutant zebrafish have global DNA hypomethylation and display embryonic defects, including a small liver, and they die as larvae. We make the surprising finding that, despite their reduced organ size, uhrf1 mutants express high levels of genes controlling S-phase and have many more cells undergoing DNA replication, as measured by BrdU incorporation. In contrast to wild-type hepatocytes, which are continually dividing during hepatic outgrowth and thus dilute the BrdU label, uhrf1 mutant hepatocytes retain BrdU throughout outgrowth, reflecting cell cycle arrest. Pulse-chase-pulse experiments with BrdU and EdU, and DNA content analysis indicate that uhrf1 mutant cells undergo DNA re-replication and that apoptosis is the fate of many of the re-replicating and arrested hepatocytes. Importantly, the DNA re-replication phenotype and hepatic outgrowth failure are preceded by global loss of DNA methylation. Moreover, uhrf1 mutants are phenocopied by mutation of dnmt1, and Dnmt1 knockdown in uhrf1 mutants enhances their small liver phenotype. Together, these data indicate that unscheduled DNA replication and failed cell cycle progression leading to apoptosis are the mechanisms by which DNA hypomethylation prevents organ expansion in uhrf1 mutants. We propose that cell cycle arrest leading to apoptosis is a strategy that restricts propagation of epigenetically damaged cells during embryogenesis.
AIL and HDG proteins act antagonistically to control cell proliferation
Authors: Horstman Anneke , Fukuoka Hiroyuki , Muino Jose M. , Nitsch Lisette , Guo Changhua , Passarinho Paul , Sanchez-Perez Gabino , Immink Richard , Angenent Gerco , Boutilier Kim
Published: January 2015

AINTEGUMENTA-LIKE (AIL) transcription factors are key regulators of cell proliferation and meristem identity. Although AIL functions have been well described, the direct signalling components of this pathway are largely unknown. We show that BABY BOOM (BBM) and other AIL proteins physically interact with multiple members of the L1-expressed HOMEODOMAIN GLABROUS (HDG) transcription factor family, including HDG1, HDG11 and HDG12. Overexpression of HDG1, HDG11 and HDG12 restricts growth due to root and shoot meristem arrest, which is associated with reduced expression of genes involved in meristem development and cell proliferation pathways, whereas downregulation of multiple HDG genes promotes cell overproliferation. These results suggest a role for HDG proteins in promoting cell differentiation. We also reveal a transcriptional network in which BBM and HDG1 regulate several common target genes, and where BBM/AIL and HDG regulate the expression of each other. Taken together, these results suggest opposite roles for AIL and HDG proteins, with AILs promoting cell proliferation and HDGs stimulating cell differentiation, and that these functions are mediated at both the protein-protein interaction and transcriptional level.
Low-temperature-operative Hydrogen Gas Sensor Employing 10 wt % Pt/Ce0.68Zr0.17Sn0.15O2.0 Catalyst
Authors: Hosoya Ayaka , Yasuhara Syun , Tamura Shinji , Imanaka Nobuhito
Published: January 2015

A novel catalytic combustion-type hydrogen gas sensor that could operate at low temperatures was devised by employing a Pt-loaded cerium oxide–zirconium oxide–tin oxide solid solution as the hydrogen oxidizing catalyst. Since the present catalyst showed high oxidizing activity toward hydrogen even at 40 °C, stable and quantitative H2 detection was achieved at as low as 40 °C with high selectivity.
Total Synthesis of a Monomeric Phloroglucinol Derivative Isolated from Myrtus communis
Authors: Nishimura Eiji , Ohfune Yasufumi , Shinada Tetsuro
Published: January 2015

The first total synthesis of a monomeric phloroglucinol [(1R*,2S*)-2-hydroxy-2-isobutyl-4,4,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-dioxocyclohexyl acetate] was achieved by stereoselective reduction of a symmetrical α-ketol as a key step. The corresponding cis-stereoisomer of the natural product was synthesized from phloroglucinol via cis-dihydroxylation using OsO4. Comparison of 1H NMR data for synthetic 1 and 2 confirmed the trans-stereochemistry of the natural product.
Is tantalum protective against infection in revision total hip arthroplasty?
Authors: Tokarski A. T. , Novack T. A. , Parvizi J.
Published: January 2015

We hypothesised that the use of tantalum (Ta) acetabular components in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) was protective against subsequent failure due to infection. We identified 966 patients (421 men, 545 women and 990 hips) who had undergone revision THA between 2000 and 2013. The mean follow up was 40.2 months (3 months to 13.1 years). The mean age of the men and women was 62.3 years (31 to 90) and 65.1 years (25 to 92), respectively.

Titanium (Ti) acetabular components were used in 536 hips while Ta components were used in 454 hips. In total, 73 (7.3%) hips experienced subsequent acetabular failure. The incidence of failure was lower in the Ta group at 4.4% (20/454) compared with 9.9% (53/536) in the Ti group (p < 0.001, odds ratio 2.38; 95% CI 1.37 to 4.27). Among the 144 hips (64 Ta, 80 Ti) for which revision had been performed because of infection, failure due to a subsequent infection was lower in the Ta group at 3.1% (2/64) compared with 17.5% (14/80) for the Ti group (p = 0.006).

Thus, the use of Ta acetabular components during revision THA was associated with a lower incidence of failure from all causes and Ta components were associated with a lower incidence of subsequent infection when used in patients with periprosthetic joint infection.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:45–9.
The incidence of stress fracture following peri-acetabular osteotomy
Authors: Malviya A. , Dandachli W. , Beech Z. , Bankes M. J. , Witt J. D.
Published: January 2015

Stress fractures occurring in the pubis and ischium after peri-acetabular osteotomy (PAO) are not well recognised, with a reported incidence of 2% to 3%. The purpose of this study was to analyse the incidence of stress fracture after Bernese PAO under the care of two high-volume surgeons. The study included 359 patients (48 men, 311 women) operated on at a mean age of 31.1 years (15 to 56), with a mean follow-up of 26 months (6 to 64). Complete follow-up radiographs were available for 348 patients, 64 of whom (18.4%) developed a stress fracture of the inferior pubic ramus, which was noted at a mean of 9.1 weeks (5 to 55) after surgery. Most (58; 91%) healed. In 40 of the patients with a stress fracture (62.5%), pubic nonunion also occurred. Those with a stress fracture were significantly older (mean 33.9 years (16 to 50) vs 30.5 years (15 to 56), p = 0.002) and had significantly more mean pre-operative deformity: mean centre–edge angle (9.8° (-9.5 to 35) vs 12.4° (-33 to 28), p = 0.04) and mean Tönnis angle (22.8° (0 to 45) vs 18.7° (-2 to 38), p < 0.001). The pubic nonunion rate was significantly higher in those with a stress fracture (62.5% vs 7%, p < 0.001), with regression analysis revealing that these patients had 11.8 times higher risk than those without nonunion.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015; 97-B:24–8.
Outcome of one-stage correction of deformities of the ankle and hindfoot and fusion in Charcot neuroarthropathy using a retrograde intramedullary hindfoot arthrodesis nail
Authors: Siebachmeyer M. , Boddu K. , Bilal A. , Hester T. W. , Hardwick T. , Fox T. P. , Edmonds M. , Kavarthapu V.
Published: January 2015

We report the outcomes of 20 patients (12 men, 8 women, 21 feet) with Charcot neuro-arthropathy who underwent correction of deformities of the ankle and hindfoot using retrograde intramedullary nail arthrodesis. The mean age of the patients was 62.6 years (46 to 83); their mean BMI was 32.7 (15 to 47) and their median American Society of Anaesthetists score was 3 (2 to 4). All presented with severe deformities and 15 had chronic ulceration. All were treated with reconstructive surgery and seven underwent simultaneous midfoot fusion using a bolt, locking plate or a combination of both. At a mean follow-up of 26 months (8 to 54), limb salvage was achieved in all patients and 12 patients (80%) with ulceration achieved healing and all but one patient regained independent mobilisation. There was failure of fixation with a broken nail requiring revision surgery in one patient. Migration of distal locking screws occurred only when standard screws had been used but not with hydroxyapatite-coated screws. The mean American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle (AAOS-FAO) score improved from 50.7 (17 to 88) to 65.2 (22 to 88), (p = 0.015). The mean Short Form (SF)-36 Health Survey Physical Component Score improved from 25.2 (16.4 to 42.8) to 29.8 (17.7 to 44.2), (p = 0.003) and the mean Euroqol EQ‑5D‑5L score improved from 0.63 (0.51 to 0.78) to 0.67 (0.57 to 0.84), (p = 0.012).

Single-stage correction of deformity using an intramedullary hindfoot arthrodesis nail is a good form of treatment for patients with severe Charcot hindfoot deformity, ulceration and instability provided a multidisciplinary care plan is delivered.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2015;97-B:76–82.
A entrevista no estudo da Excelência: Uma proposta
Authors: Araújo Liliana S. , Cruz José Fernando A. , Almeida Leandro S.
Published: January 2015

A investigação em torno da Excelência Humana tem primado pela multiplicidade de abordagens teóricas e metodológicas ao seu estudo. Por um lado, o próprio conceito de excelência encerra a dificuldade da sua operacionalização, reflectindo-se numa multiplicidade de critérios de identificação e de métodos de investigação. Por outro lado, a singularidade subjacente ao próprio conceito de excelência alimenta a discussão em torno das metodologias mais adequadas ao seu estudo. As abordagens quantitativas reclamam o estudo objectivo e laboratorial do desempenho excepcional, embora se questione o significado de resultados generalizáveis e quantificáveis sobre desempenhos singulares ou individuais. Neste sentido, a investigação poderá beneficiar de uma abordagem mais aprofundada e compreensiva dos percursos de excelência proporcionada pelas metodologias qualitativas. Outros autores defendem ainda o recurso a metodologias mistas procurando vencer limitações e ampliar potencialidades no estudo da excelência. Estudos recentes com indivíduos excepcionais têm utilizado a entrevista como um instrumento privilegiado de recolha de dados. Neste artigo apresentamos uma revisão de literatura onde foram analisadas as principais características de entrevistas utilizadas no estudo da excelência em diferentes contextos de realização. Como corolário desta revisão apresentamos uma proposta de guião de entrevista procurando, assim, contribuir para o estudo do desenvolvimento e manutenção da excelência.
Procedimentos de auto-sugestão no confronto com duas patologias reumáticas auto-imunes: artrite reumatóide e espondilite anquilosante
Authors: Pires Ana F. , Joyce-Moniz Luís
Published: January 2015

A eficácia de uma estratégia de auto-sugestão, complementar ao tratamento médico para as patologias reumáticas auto-imunes, e que envolve uma técnica de relaxamento e um procedimento de automonitorização, foi avaliada no presente estudo tendo sido aplicada a 22 pacientes com artrite reumatóide e 8 com espondilite anquilosante durante um período de 12 semanas para confrontar os seus sintomas de dor, fadiga e incapacidade funcional. Com esse propósito foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: intensidade dos sintomas prevalecentes, controlo percebido sobre os mesmos, número de episódios sintomáticos e duração do episódio sintomático mais longo. Os resultados indicam que a estratégia de auto-sugestão foi eficaz no aumento da percepção de controlo pessoal sobre os sintomas prevalecentes bem como na diminuição da sua intensidade, frequência e duração.
Circularidade Relacional: Padrões De Funcionalidade Familiar Percebidos e o Ajustamento Psicológico Em Adolescentes
Authors: Prioste Ana , Cruz Diana , Narciso Isabel
Published: January 2015

Tendo em conta os vários sistemas que influenciam o adolescente, pretendemos, neste estudo, estudar a influência da funcionalidade familiar no ajustamento psicológico do adolescente e as diferenças entre estas variáveis de acordo com o sexo e idade. O estudo exploratório foi realizado com uma amostra de 318 adolescentes da zona centro de Portugal. A análise quantitativa de resultados foi realizada com o software SPSS 15.0, tendo-se concluído que: a) os padrões de funcionamento familiar não ligado correlacionam-se negativamente com os comportamentos anti-social, depressivo e obsessivo; os de funcionamento familiar colaborativo apresentam correlações negativas com os comportamentos depressivo e obsessivo e b) os adolescentes do sexo feminino apresentam valores mais elevados do comportamento depressivo, ansioso, obsessivo e pró-social.
Quociente de Sistematização: Uma análise exploratória
Authors: Rodrigues Joana , Gonçalves Gabriela , Lopes Albino , Santos Joana
Published: January 2015

A teoria da empatia – sistematização, desenvolvida por Baron-Cohen (2002), assume a existência de dois principais tipos cognitivos, um mais característico do género feminino (com maior capacidade para empatizar) e outro mais característico do género masculino (com maior capacidade para sistematizar). Para avaliar o conceito de sistematização, Baron-Cohen e os seus colegas (2003) desenvolveram a escala do Quociente de Sistematização (QS). Assim, o principal objectivo deste estudo consistiu em validar a versão curta da escala do QS (desenvolvida por Wakabayashi et al., 2006) para a população portuguesa, utilizando uma amostra de 506 participantes. Realizou-se uma análise factorial exploratória onde foram encontrados dois factores na escala do QS, os quais foram denominados de 1) Conteúdos (C) e 2) Processos (P). Foi realizada a análise de fiabilidade e consistência interna do nstrumento, procedendo-se igualmente à comparação dos diversos grupos existentes na amostra, de acordo com o género, habilitações literárias, e tipo de profissão.