bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesalahan Berbahasa pada 20 Paket Soal Ujian Nasional Bahasa Indonesia SMP 2012/2013
Authors: Rahmawati Laili Etika , Kartikasari Fitri , Sukoco Yudha Wahyu Try
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to analyze the language error on the Bahasa Indonesia National Examination instrument test of the Junior High School in 2012/2013 academic year. The research were qualitative descriptive research. The data analyzed the twenty packets of Bahasa Indonesia National Examination instrument test Secondary School Examination in 2012/2013. Twenty packages National Secondary School Examination in 2012/2013 were qualitative data. Data were collected from a package about twenty National Exams then was analyzed by using the language errors. The types of errors found in language packages about twenty Bahasa Indonesia National Examination in 2012/2013 were faults field of phonology, morphology and syntax. The results showed that language errors that occur in twenty packets Discuss Indonesian National Examination in 2013 as many as 58 data. Data analysis results was presented in accordance with the type of language errors that indicate an error in the twenty language packs Indonesian National Examination in 2013, both in the areas of phonology, morphology, and syntax.
Penerapan Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi Sebagai Media Interaksi Guru-Siswa
Authors: Wiranto Sigit
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study is to describe the application of information and communication technology as an interactive media for teacher and student in SMPN 1 Arjosari Pacitan. This is a qualitative research. This study used an ethnographic approach. This research took place in SMP 1 Arjosari Pacitan. Interviewees in this study were the Headmaster, Head of ICT Laboratory, Administrative staff, teachers and students. Col- lecting data used observations, interviews and documentation. The validity of the data was examined by using data triangulation.Data analysis used Milles and Huberman ver- sion employ data reduction, data drawing and conclusions and verification. The results in SMPN1 Arjosari showed that: (1) The development of the application of ICT still at the stage of Application. It is characterized by the educators and teachers who have been using Information Technology for tasks related to the management of school learning activities, however their use is not optimal. This school has not been able to maximize the implementation of ICT in learning. (2) The use of ICT in the assessment of learning outcomes is limited to the preparation administration course, not the process. Though the use of IT in learning outcomes assessment will provide a transformative experience for students. (3) There are three conditions which may encourage the application of ICT in learning and assessment at this school, Facilities and infrastructure are equiped with ICT, teachers are qualified as most are already certified educators, schools can choose to suit his students and undergone the implementation the implementation of Curriculum 2013 while threats factors are: the average age of teachers is more than 40 years so that spirit for self development is less encourging began to decline, the low economic back- ground of students, speed internet access which is not adequate, and the lack of special- ized personnel who handle ICT.
Peningkatan Prestasi Belajar Materi Logaritma melalui Pemahaman Konsep dalam Pembelajaran Matematika pada Siswa Kelas X TKJ1 SMK Negeri 1 Sawit Kabupaten Boyolali Semester Gasal Tahun Pelajaran 2011/2012
Authors: Sutanto Sutanto
Published: September 2019

The research was inspired by the unsatisfactory attainment of students on understanding concept implementation (learning mastery) through logaritm at class X students TKJI SMK Negeri Sawit Boyolali Regency odd semester 2011/2012. The research aim at describing the optimalisation of logarithm subject mastery. The subject and data source of the research are 39 students of class X TKJI SMK Negeri Sawit Boyolali Regency by using obseravtion documentation and test. The data analysis uses critical and comparative data analysis. The completion indicator used is 69. The research uses a cycle procedure. The findings  from cycle I, II and II show that there is a progress motivation of the students in the class. In Cycle I 67 average, cycle II 83 and cycle III 92. This shows the significant increase on the motivation of the students from cycle I until cycle III
Ekperimentasi Metode Conceptual Understanding Procedures dan Mind Mapping Ditinjau dari Gaya Belajar
Authors: Mahmudah Anis , Sutarni Sri , Rejeki Sri
Published: September 2019

This study aims at evaluating: (1) the difference of students’ mathematics learning achievement viewed from two different learning methods, (2) the difference of students’ mathematics learning achievement viewed from different learning styles, (3) the effect of interaction between teaching methods and learning styles on students’ mathematics learning achievement. This study is a quantitative research with quasiexperimental research design. The population of this study is 210 students of 10thgrade of SMA MTA Surakarta. Two classes were chosen for the sample of this study by cluster random sampling. The first class was treated using Conceptual Understanding Procedures (CUPs) method and the second class was treated using Mind Mapping method. The data collection was conducted using test, questionnaire, and documentation. Morever, the data was analized using different number of cell analysis of variance with 5% significance level. The conclusion are: (1) there is difference on student’s mathematics learning achievement viewed from two different learning methods, Conceptual Understanding Procedures (CUPs) a give better achievement than Mind Mapping, (2) there is no difference on students’ learning achievement viewed from different learning styles, (3) there is no effect of interaction between teaching methods and learning styles on students’ mathematics learning achievement.
Pengelolaan Sistem Informasi Akademik Berbasis SMS Gateway di MTs. Ma’arif 7 Bomo Punung Kabupaten Pacitan
Authors: Widiyantoro Heri , Sumardi Sumardi , Anif Sofyan
Published: September 2019

The purposes of this study are: to describe the planning design and the implementation of the system as well as describe the public response to the school. The methods used in this study is a qualitatif approach, that is by interviewing, observing, and documenting as the data collection techniques. The planning of system design, is begun by doing a needs analysis that will be “shared” through SMS access, i.e student’s attendance, the student’s scores, and the notices to the student’s parents. The system implementation is applied to two users groups. They are internal user and external user. From the results of the test of system implementation it is obtained that the timeliness rate is 6.8 seconds, the accuracy of the system is 100 %, and reliability rate is 100%, and the operating procedure is quite easy and familiar. While the public response fully supports the implementation of academic information system, because it can be accessed anytime, and averywhere through SMS, as well as can foster a public positive image to the school, because of the changes and improvements made by the school especially in the academic services as a new breakthrough in the field of technology.
Peningkatan Komunikasi melalui Demonstrasi Bermain Alat Peraga dalam Pengembangan Kemampuan Berbahasa Sederhana pada Anak TK Pertiwi Kecamatan Kalikotes Kabupaten Klaten 2014/2015
Authors: Sumiyem Sumiyem
Published: September 2019

This study aimed to describe the increase in communication through demonstration play props in simple language skills development in children kindergarten Pertiwi Kalikotes Klaten Regency second semester of academic year 2014/2015. Subject and source of research data as many as 21 students. Data collection method used observation, documentation, and testing. Analysis of data using critical and comparative analysis. Results of research and discussion were that the data obtained from precycle until the second cycle, obtained progress learning achievement of children in learning through demonstration using props, on precycle average of 72 and the first cycle by an average of 76.5 and the second cycle mean average of 84. It seems clear that an increase in the average value of precycle to the first cycle of 4.5 figure (6.3%), from the first cycle to the second cycle there is an increase of 7.5 numbers (9, 8%), from the second cycle precycle to an increase of 12 points (16.7%). The highest value precycle stage at 82 and 86 as well as the first cycle of the second cycle of 92. It is clear that from the stage of the first cycle precycle to an increase of 4 digits (4.9%), from the first cycle to the second cycle an increase of 6 figures (7%), and from the second cycle precycle to an increase of 10 points (12.2%). The lowest value obtained precycle stage at 66 and 70 as well as the first cycle of the second cycle of 76. It can be affirmed that the step of the first cycle precycle to an increase of 4 digits (6%), from the first cycle to the second cycle an increase of 6 figure (8.6%), and from the second cycle precycle to an increase of 10 points (15.2%). Percentage from precycle was obtained by 29% and the first cycle was obtained by 57% and the second cycle of 100%. It seems clear that the step of the first cycle precycle to an increase of 29%, from the first cycle to the second cycle there is an increase by 43%, and from the second cycle precycle to an increase of 71%. Thus, the learning achievement of children in learning through demonstration using props from the second cycle occurred precycle to a significant increase.
Strategi Penerimaan Peserta Didik Baru di SD Muhammadiyah Program Khusus Boyolali
Authors: Pramachintya Destyana Ratih , Sutrisno Budi
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this research to describe the preparation of the acceptance of the new students in SD Muhammadiyah Program Khusus Boyolali, described the process of the acceptance of the new students, efforts in maintaining the process of the the process of the acceptance of the new students. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with a case study. The data used in the study is primary and secondary data. The source of data:  infor- mants, events and activities led by the sources informants. The data collection techniques used in the study was interviews, observation and analysis of documents. The validity of the data used in the study was data triangulation. The data analysis used in the study was inter- active model. Based on the result of the research, can be concluded that: 1) the preparation of teaching and learning process consisted of: a) the committee arrangement of the accep- tance, b) the arrangement of work program, c) the preparation of administration documents d) the preparation of infrastructure. 2) The process consisted of: a) the determination of the implementation stage of the acceptance of new students: the retrieval of the registration form b) the implementation of observation test of  new students (spoken and written), c) the implementation of  interview test of parents from new students, d) the selection process and assessment of observation test, e) the announcement of the acceptance result of new students, f) the administration of pre-register activity. 3) The efforts done to maintain the acceptance process: a) doing the preparation of the acceptance of new students earlier, b) enhancing the quantity of students by doing the promotion, c) maintaining a good relation- ship with the society, d) fostering active communication and discussion with the foundation leader, e) improving of the quality of schools and the human resources.
Faktor-Faktor Strategis Pendukung Kinerja Sekolah di SMK Kota Surakarta
Authors: Madyarti Sugiyarti
Published: September 2019

This research is a quantitative research design with causal correlation to test the support of the Quality Management System, Student Discipline, Care Teacher and Headmaster of the School Performance in SMK Surakarta. Respondents in this study is the Principal of SMK Surakarta number 49 principals, the sampling technique is taken based on the table Kracjie with α 5% by simple random sampling a number of 44 samples. The technique of collecting data using questionnaires namely Likert type scale in the form of checklist. Analysis of data using multiple linear regression analysis previously performed classical assumption. The results showed that: 1) There is significant support for a quality management system to the performance of vocational schools in Surakarta at 80.7 %, with 2.130 t-test, significance 0.039, p-value 0.05 and correlation of test results obtained by the correlation coefficient 0.807; 2) There is significant support for the discipline of students to the school's performance in SMK Surakarta 78.3 %, with 2.094 t-test, significance 0.043, p-value 0.05 and correlation of test results obtained by the correlation coefficient 0.783; 3) There is a very significant support services teachers and principals on the performance of vocational schools in Surakarta by 80 %, with 2,068 t-test, significance 0.045, p-value 0.05 and correlation of test results obtained by the correlation coefficient 0.800; 4) There is a significant endorsement of the quality management system, student discipline, teacher and principal services on the performance of vocational schools in Surakarta simultaneously by 72 %, with the F-count 37.810, significance 0.000, p-value 0.05, and the value of Adjusted R 0.720 square. The conclusion of this research is the implementation of quality management systems, student discipline, teacher and principal services provide significant support to the performance of vocational schools in Surakarta year 2015.
Penyusunan Media Pembelajaran Poster Berbasis Teks: Studi Kasus Media Pembelajaran Poster Karya Mahasiswa Semester 5 Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia UMS
Authors: Sulistyono Yunus
Published: September 2019

Media pembelajaran poster bisa menjadi alternatif media yang menarik dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Kajian ini berfokus pada penyusunan media pembelajaran poster oleh mahasiswa semester 5 Proram Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Indonesia FKIP UMS. Kriteria utama yang diacu dalam penentuan media poster yang baik mengacu pada kriteria keterbacaan, mudah dilihat, mudah dimengerti, dan memiliki komposisi yang baik. Sementara itu, penerapan pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia berbasis teks mengarah pada sejauh mana penerapan mahasiswa dalam memanfaatkan teks sebagai dasar utama pembelajaran dengan media poster. Kajian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa baru sebagian kecil poster yang telah memenuhi kriteria poster yang baik. Sementara itu, teks sebagai dasar pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia juga baru ditemukan pada sebagian kecil poster. Hal ini dikarenakan poster mengharuskan tampilan yang menonjolkan poin-poin utama dan bersifat padat sehinga pemanfaatan teks belum optimal.
Pengelolaan Tata Tertib Sekolah Menengah Pertama
Authors: Anggraini Eka Novia , Subadi Tjipto
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this study was to describe the planning, organizing, and monitoring the enforcement of school rules in Junior High School 9 Surakarta. Qualitative research with ethnographic design. Research place in Junior High School 9 Surakarta. When the study May to December 2015. The subjects of the research principal, vice principal of student, counseling teachers, teachers, order officers, and students. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The interview process used is first order and second order understanding understanding. Validity of the data with source triangulation, triangulation method, and triangulation of time. Data analysis techniques with methods groove. Results of the study (1) The planning process of school discipline is done with deliberation involving the principal, vice principal of student, counseling teachers, and teachers, (2) The process of familiarization of the school rules made explanations during the orientation of students, books discipline students, board regulations, as well as the subjects of counseling, (3) Implementation of enforcement of school rules based on awarding points, the type of violation, as well as development, (4) Monitoring and evaluation order continuously conducted to determine the follow-up will be done school to maximize enforcement of school rules.
Pemberdayaan Unit Produksi Program Keahlian Pemasaran “Toko Karista Sari” di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan
Authors: Sulistyorini Esti
Published: September 2019

The aim of research to describe:  Empowerment in providing merchandise Production , distribution of merchandise and reporting results poduction units merchandise program marketing expertise Stores in Vocational High School 1 Surakarta. This study used qualitative methods. Data were collected through interviews, observation and documentation. The validity of the data using credibility. Results from this study are: 1) Empowerment in the supply of merchandise can be done by: getting  from the sales,  the grocery store, and congsinyasi Checking on goods that have been purchased and distributing of goods and correctly 2)  Empowerment of distribution of goods can be done by: Human Resources and Facilities optimize existing infrastructure, designing organizational structures, systems Applying pick up the ball, and the Door to Door Sales Program. 3) Empowerment of reporting the sale of goods can be: for writing for all the transactions that occur ,reported to the head of the production unit and headmasterr regularly, distribution of profits based on the AD ART and giving rewards to the  customers.
Peningkatan Minat dan Prestasi Belajar IPS teams Achievement Divisions Di SMP
Authors: Setiyawati Heni Rina
Published: September 2019

This aimed of the researceh is to descript: (1) The implementation of cooperative learning model STAD in IPS learning can improve learning increase of the students in grade  VII B SMP Negeri 1 Kedawung on the second semester of academic year 2014/2015, (2) The implementation of cooperative learning model STAD in  IPS  learning can improve learning Achievement of student in grade VII B SMP Negeri 1 Kedawung on the second semester of academic year 2014/2015. This research use classroom action research method. Subjects of this research are the  students of  grade VII B SMP Negeri 1 Kedawung Sragen. Data collection technique in this research are interviews, tests, observations, and questionnaires. Mechanical checks the validity of the data by the method  triangulation techniques. Technical analysis has done by means of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The process of research carried out three cycles, in each cycle includes four stages of action planning, action, observation and reflection.       The results showed that: (1) The implementation of cooperative learning model STAD in IPS learning can improve learning increase student of the students in grade  VII B SMP Negeri 1 Kedawung on the second semester of academic year 2014/2015, (2) The  implementation of cooperative learning model STAD in IPS learning can improve learning Achievement of the students in grade VII B SMP Negeri 1 Kedawung on the second semester of academic year 2014/2015. The increase students learning interest can be seen from the results of student interest questionnaire after implementation of the action, in the first cycle  reaches 50%, the second cycle increased to 68.75%, and the third cycle increased to 87.50 %. While student achievement on initial conditions shows that the average value of 68.28 with classsical completeness of  53.12%, after the action on the first cycle increased the average value becomes 74.53 with classical completeness of 65.62%, second cycle increased with an average value of 76.56 with classical completeness of 78%, and the third cycle has increased again, with an average value of 81.56 reached with classical completeness reached 87.5
Kemandirian dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Sutama S. , Hartini Sri , Novitasari Meggy
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemandirian dalam pembelajaran matematika MTs. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan desain penelitian holistik. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan model analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah: Perencanaan kemandirian dalam pembelajaran matematika disusun oleh kepala madrasah bersama dewan guru pada waktu rapat pembagian tugas, penyusunan rencana kegiatan dan anggaran tahunan atau RKAT dengan memperhatikan kondisi siswa dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Pelaksanaan kemandirian dalam pembelajaran matematika di MTs dengan mengintegrasikannyapada struktur dan muatan kurikulum, program kesiswaan. Pengintegrasian kemandirian belajar dalam pembelajaran matematika terlihat dalam kegiatan membuka dan menutup  pelajaran dengan membaca doa dengan artinya yang dipimpin ketua kelas.
Kolegialitas Kepemimpinan Guru dalam Pembelajaran Matematika SMK
Authors: Fuadi Djalal , Rubiyanto Eko , Fathoni A.
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kolegialitas kepemimpinanguru dalam pembelajaran matematika kelas XI SMK Negeri 2 Surakarta tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Subjek penerima tindakan adalah siswa kelas XI SMK Negeri 2 Surakarta 3 kelas, yaitu XI TPM D, XI TKBB, XI TKR A yang berjumlah 90 siswa dan subjek pelaksana tindakan adalah peneliti dibantu dengan guru matematika. Metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, catatan lapangan dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan model alur yang terdiri dari pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usaha  Collegiality dari guru matematika dalam pembelajaran dengan mendekati siswa secara  pribadi, mengajak siswa berdialog tentang masa depan dan impian yang diinginkan,mengenali latar belakang keluarga dan lingkungan tempat tinggalnya, mengajaksiswa untuk memperbaiki diri melalui iman dan taqwa yang bersinergi dengan ilmupengetahuan dan memberikan wadah komunikasi online yang berupa grup media sosial agar siswa baik di dalam maupun di luar sekolah bisa komunikasi produktif agar siswa berhasil dalam pendidikan dan kesuksesan masa depan.
School Curriculum And Parents’ Support on Kindergarten Students’ Caring Attitude
Authors: Puspitasari Dewi Natalia , Mardila Dini , Kirana Kartika
Published: September 2019

Being care is an important attitude that children learn. Nowadays, it becomes more important when children grow in the environment with working parents, gadgets,television, and individual society. Therefore, Experimental Mangunan Kindergarten hasfour values, and one of the values is ‘being care’. This research was held to find how school curriculum and parents support students’ caring attitude. This is a qualitative research with grounded theory method, which is held in Experimental Mangunan Kindergarten in Yogyakarta. There are two students’ cases in this research. The respondents of the interview were taken purposively. They were the school principal, two teachers, and the students’ parents. Data collections were held by observation, interview, and reading teachers’ journals. The result was that the two students who have not yet caring to others when first entered Mangunan School, were grow to have caring attitude after eight months. These findings show that school curriculum, teachers’ and parents’ relation toward kindergarten students are important part to grow students’ caring attitude.
Parent Perspective Based on Salary Level of Intrapersonal Intelligence Child Through Sleeping Companions
Authors: Tanjung Salsabila Hasiana , Suparno S. , Kamtini K.
Published: September 2019

Education with affection will shape the intrapersonal intelligence of the child the better also. Personality of children in adulthood in general is the formation ofpersonality and education obtained by children through the people around him, especially the family.Activities of storytelling is done before bed can also be said hypnoparenting which is education done at the time of the child before bed. At that time, the child will easily receive an education packed with stories containing advice. Education by way of telling stories to advise on children has been done by parents of ancient times.This study was conducted by giving a questionnaire and conducting simple interviews to randomly selected parents regardless of the background of their lives except the amount of salary they earn each month.This research uses quantitative descriptive method by interviewing selected fifty randomly selected parents. That parents who earn salary at point A or with income Rp 500,000 - Rp 2,000,000 more often accompany child sleep and assume it is important for children with the reason his son still want to be accompanied sleep and feel like accompany the child to sleep because it has been working all day outside.
PERSENTASE KARKAS DAN MORTALITAS BROILER DAN AYAM KAMPUNG YANG DI BERI LIMBAH AMPAS PATI AREN TIDAK DIFERMENTASI DAN DIFERMENTASI DALAM RANSUM
Authors: Nurmi Aisyah , Santi Melia Afnida , Harahap Nurainun , Harahap Muharram Fajrin
Published: September 2019

The objectives of this research were to study the percentage of carcass of broiler and native chicken given arenga waste fermentation by Saccaromyces cerevisiae and to study arenga waste unfermentation in the ration. Sixty of broiler chickens Arbor Acres strain and sixty native chickens were divided into four dietary treatments and three replications (10 birds/replicate). The design of this experiment was completely randomized design factorial 2x2, with factor A was feeding (A1 : arenga waste unfermented, A2 : arenga waste fermented), and factor B was chicken species (B1:native chickens, B2:broilers). The variables observed were:  (1) body weight, (2) carcass, (3) percentage of carcass, and (4) Mortality.The purposes of this study  were to look at the effectiveness of rations and species of chicken used for the percentage of carcass and mortality. The results showed that there was no interaction (P> 0.05) between the fed arenga waste fermented or unfermented 2.5% in the ration,and  the type of chicken on weight, carcass and carcass percentage, but there was an interaction on mortality (P<0.01). The fed had no significant (P>0,05) effect on weight, carcass, and carcass percentage, but  percentage, but significant effect (P <0.05) on mortality.  Types of chickens had a significant effect (P <0.05) on weight, carcass, percentage  of carcass and mortality. The mortality rate with unfermented arenga waste was high enough, especially in broiler chickens, but it can be tolerated  on native chicken and broilers with saccaromyces cerviseae fermented arenga waste. Keywords : Arenga Waste, Fermentation Arenga Waste, Native Chickens, Broiler
PERBANDINGAN SUHU LINGKUNGAN DAN PENGARUH PAKAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS SAPI PERAH DI DAERAH DENGAN KETINGGIAN BERBEDA
Authors: Heraini Dela , Purwanto Bagus Priyo , Suryahadi Suryahadi
Published: September 2019

This study was done to compare the environmental temperature and the effect of feed  management on dairy cattle productivity in KUTT Suka Makmur Grati Pasuruan. Primary data were collected by questionare based interview to the farmers at different height areas those were 40 farmers in lowland area and 40 farmers in highland area. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and quant itative methods. The results showed that temperatures in the lowlands were higher at around 24oC - 27oC, so cattle experiencing heat stress and the impact  was cattle consumed less feed, while the availability of  water was limited. In contrast, the highlands temperature was relatively low, about 22oC - 24oC. The cattle in highland was fed with elephant grass with a good nutrient content, so the cattle was able to produced well.  Keywords: Dairy Cattle, Environment, Feed Effect, Productivity, Temperature
Imprensa brasileira: história e legislação – possibilidades e desafios das fontes documentais
Authors: Müller Carlos
Published: September 2019

A Lei nº 9.831, de 13 de setembro de 1999, que altera o Dia da Imprensa de 10 de setembro para 1º de julho, suscita o debate quanto à data de instalação da imprensa no Brasil. Em março de 1817, eclodiu a Revolução Pernambucana que, embora derrotada, contribuiu com três inovações no que se refere à história jurídica e da imprensa nacionais: apresentou um projeto de Constituição contendo um artigo que garantia a liberdade de imprensa, usou a imprensa para difundir suas propostas e pretendia mudar o mundo por meio da palavra escrita. Desde a primeira Constituinte, o reconhecimento da liberdade de imprensa e seu exercício tiveram convivência conflitiva. Paralelamente às oito Constituições outorgadas ou promulgadas desde a Independência, o Brasil teve nove "Leis de Imprensa". Tramitam no Congresso Nacional várias propostas de Lei Imprensa Democrática, desde 1991, e, não obstante os debates e a farta documentação gerados, as circunstâncias da origem de tais projetos e a demora na tramitação do texto original permanecem obscuros.

Palavras-chave: imprensa; abordagem histórica.

Abstract

The Law n. 9831, of 13th September, 1999, which alters the Day of the Press from the 10th of September to the 1st of July, raises the debate regarding the date of the installation of the press in Brazil. In March, 1817, the Revolution in the State of Pernambuco burst and although it was defeated, one presented a project of Constitution containing an article that guaranteed the freedom of the press, one used the press to spread its propositions and one intended to change the world by means of the written word. Since the first Constitution, the recognition of the freedom of the press and its exercise had conflicting interests. Parallel to the eight Constitutions sanctioned or promulgated since the Independence, Brazil had nine "Laws of the Press". Many propositions of the Democratic Press Law are being carried out in the National Congress, since 1991, and, in spite of the debates and the various documents generated, the circumstances of the origin of such projects and the delay in the procedural steps of the original text remain obscure.

Keywords: press; historical approach.
A Geometria via ambiente Logo
Authors: Nascimento Raimundo
Published: September 2019

A Matemática torna-se mais significativa para um aluno que está constantemente em contato com ampla variedade de problemas. Este artigo tem o objetivo de motivar o professor a não poupar esforços para estimular suas classes de Geometria com problemas que conduzam os alunos para além dos exercícios rotineiros. O ambiente Logo é a estratégia metodológica alternativa que nos conduzirá ao objetivo proposto.

Palavras-chave: ambiente Logo; Geometria; metodologia pedagógica; paradigma alternativo; criatividade; ambiente de aprendizagem.

Abstract

Mathematics becomes more significant for a student who is constantly in contact with a considerable variety of problems. The purpose of this article is to motivate the teacher to make every effort to stimulate his Geometry classes with problems taken from the everyday lives of his students. The Logo environment is an alternative methodological strategy, which leads to this proposed objective.

Keywords: Logo; Geometry; pedagogical methodology; alternative paradigm;
creativity; learning environment.
Por que investir em pesquisa qualitativa?
Authors: Ribeiro Ormezinda Maria
Published: September 2019

Apresenta uma reflexão sobre a importância da pesquisa na e para a universidade, dando ênfase à necessidade de se implementar, nos centros universitários, a pesquisa qualitativa. Atentando para o fato de que esse tipo de pesquisa nem sempre é reconhecido como legítimo, procura, numa rápida abordagem sobre as funções da universidade no decorrer de sua história, alertar para a premente necessidade de se adotar a pesquisa, sobretudo a qualitativa, como eixo norteador das demais atividades acadêmicas, colocando-a como diferenciador de universidade e colégios superiores.

Palavras-chave: pesquisa qualitativa; universidade; ensino.

Abstract

In this text, a reflection on the importance of the research in and for the university is made, giving emphasis on the necessity of implementing, in the university centers, the qualitative research. Being attentive by the fact that this type of research is not always recognized as legitimate, it tries, as an approach on the functions of the university during its history, to alert for the pressing necessity of adopting the research, specially the qualitative one, as an axle of other academic activities, placing it in the position of university differentiator and upper colleges.

Keywords: qualitative research; university; education.
A relação educação, ciência e interdisciplinaridade
Authors: Costa e Silva Gildemarks
Published: September 2019

Discute a relação entre educação, ciência e interdisciplinaridade. Mostra a importância de configurar-se uma teoria pedagógica com poder de verdade diante de outras áreas do conhecimento humano, para, em seguida, passar em revista alguns autores que se fazem presentes no debate epistemológico do campo pedagógico. Após problematizar as diferentes posições de alguns autores, posiciona-se por uma perspectiva interdisciplinar para a educação, o que permitiria uma autonomia relativa do pedagógico.

Palavras-chave: ciência; educação; autonomia; interdisciplinaridade; epistemologia educacional.

Abstract

This text talks about the relation between Education, Science and Interdisciplinarity. It also shows the importance of configuring a Pedagogic Theory with real power in opposition to the other human knowledge Areas, so that it is possible to check some authors in the epistemological debate field. After comparing the different positions of some authors we assume an interdisciplinary perspective for the Education that would allow a relative autonomy in the Pedagogic process.

Keywords: science; education; autonomy; interdisciplinarity; educational epistemology.
Um olhar sobre os indicadores de analfabetismo no Brasil
Authors: Pinto José Marcelino , Brant Liliane Lúcia Nunes , Sampaio Carlos Eduardo , Pascom Ana Roberta
Published: September 2019

Analisa os principais fatores associados ao analfabetismo com base nos dados do Censo de 2000, realizado pelo IBGE. As principais conclusões do estudo indicam que o analfabetismo é um fenômeno que está presente com maior predominância não só nas regiões mais pobres do País como, também, na periferia dos grandes centros urbanos. Constata-se, ainda, um número considerável de analfabetos na faixa de 10 a 18 anos de idade, o que mostra que, no Brasil, a freqüência à escola não é um antídoto contra o analfabetismo. Observa-se também que, nos municípios onde a média de anos de estudo é elevada, o número de analfabetos é pequeno. Esses fatos apontam para a necessidade de as políticas de combate ao analfabetismo levarem em conta os diferentes perfis dos segmentos que se encontram nessa situação, bem como atuarem pari passu com as políticas de ampliação da escolaridade da população brasileira.

Palavras-chave: taxa de analfabetismo; indicadores educacionais; desigualdades regionais.

Abstract

The paper analyzes the main factors associated to illiteracy, with basis on data collected by School Census 2000, accomplished by IBGE. The main conclusions of the study indicate that illiteracy is a phenomenon that is present with larger predominance not only in the poorer areas of the country but also, in the periphery of great urban centers. One still verifies a considerable number of illiterates varying from 10 to 18 years of age, which shows that, in Brazil, school frequency is not an antidote against illiteracy. One also observes that in municipal districts, where the average of school years is elevated, the number of illiterates is small. These facts point out the necessity to fight illiteracy, taking into account the different profiles of the segments that are in this situation, as well as acting simultaneously with the politics of increasing education in Brazil.

Keywords: illiteracy rate, educational indicators, regional inequalities.
Notas nomenclaturales sobre algunas gramíneas mediterráneas
Authors: Romero-Zarco Carlos , García-Castaño Juan Luis , Berjano Pérez Regina
Published: September 2019

Nomenclatural notes on some Mediterranean grasses.Palabras clave: Nomenclatura, tipificación, Gramineae, Poaceae, región mediterráneaKey words: Nomenclature, typification, Gramineae, Poaceae, Mediterranean region
Evaluation of the geometric accuracy of computed tomography and microcomputed tomography of the articular surface of the distal portion of the radius of cats
Authors: Webster Caroline E. , Marcellin-Little Denis J. , Koballa Erin M. , Stallrich Jonathan W. , Harrysson Ola L. A.
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate accuracy of articular surfaces determined by use of 2 perpendicular CT orientations, micro-CT, and laser scanning.

SAMPLE

23 cat cadavers.

PROCEDURES

Images of antebrachia were obtained by use of CT (voxel size, 0.6 mm) in longitudinal orientation (CTLO images) and transverse orientation (CTTO images) and by use of micro-CT (voxel size, 0.024 mm) in a longitudinal orientation. Images were reconstructed. Craniocaudal and mediolateral length, radius of curvature, and deviation of the articular surface of the distal portion of the radius of 3-D renderings for CTLO, CTTO, and micro-CT images were compared with results of 3-D renderings acquired with a laser scanner (resolution, 0.025 mm).

RESULTS

Measurement of CTLO and CTTO images overestimated craniocaudal and mediolateral length of the articular surface by 4% to 10%. Measurement of micro-CT images underestimated craniocaudal and mediolateral length by 1%. Measurement of CTLO and CTTO images underestimated mediolateral radius of curvature by 15% and overestimated craniocaudal radius of curvature by > 100%; use of micro-CT images underestimated them by 3% and 5%, respectively. Mean ± SD surface deviation was 0.26 ± 0.09 mm for CTLO images, 0.30 ± 0.28 mm for CTTO images, and 0.04 ± 0.02 mm for micro-CT images.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Articular surface models derived from CT images had dimensional errors that approximately matched the voxel size. Thus, CT cannot be used to plan conforming arthroplasties in small joints and could lack precision when used to plan the correction of a limb deformity or repair of a fracture.
Retinopathy of prematurity risk factors: Does human milk prevent retinopathy of prematurity?
Authors: Akyüz-Ünsal Ayşe İpek , Oruç-Dündar Sema , Anık Ayşe , Kurt-Omurlu İmran , Akcan Abdullah Barış , Sagus Mehtap , Bekmez Sinan , Güler Duygu , Key Özge , Türkmen Münevver
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) development and the potential effect of human breast milk among these factors. For this purpose, infants admitted to a tertiary referral clinic for ROP screening and treatment between April 2013 and May 2015, were included in this retrospective study. The demographic data, accompanying diseases, previous surgery, type of feeding and duration of human breast milk intake were recorded. According to the ROP screening examination results, infants were divided into two groups as those with ROP (infants at any stage of ROP) and those without ROP. Relationship between the risk factors and ROP were evaluated. The comparison of 221 infants without ROP and 99 infants with ROP; revealed that gestational age at birth, birth weight, mechanical ventilation support, bronchopulmonary and cardiac diseases, hydrocephaly, any previous surgery, infections, steroid treatment percentages were high and human breast milk intake percentage was low among infants with ROP. Mean breast feeding time for infants with ROP (3.81 ± 2.33 month) was shorter than the infants without ROP (5.51 ± 1.43 month) (p < 0.001). In logistic regression analysis, the duration of breast feeding was inversely related with ROP (OR 0.744; 95% CI 0.621-0.891; p < 0,001). These results suggest that gestational age at birth and accompanying diseases are the main risk factors for the development of ROP. As the duration of the breast feeding of the infants without ROP was longer than the infants with ROP; breast feeding may have a preventive effect on ROP development.
Nasal nitric oxide levels in primary ciliary dyskinesia, cystic fibrosis and healthy children
Authors: Güney Elif , Emiralioğlu Nagehan , Cinel Güzin , Yalçın Ebru , Doğru Deniz , Kiper Nural , Özçelik Hayriye Uğur
Published: September 2019

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare, inherited disorder characterized by recurrent respiratory tract infections. The measurement of nasal nitric oxide (nNO) is an important test for the diagnosis of PCD. In this study, we aim to evaluate NIOX-MINOÒ, which is an easily applicable method for measuring nNO, in the diagnosis of patients with PCD and define diagnostic cut-off levels. Furthermore, determining the normal limits of nNO in healthy children and investigating nNO levels of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) are the other aims of this study. The children included in this study were 5 to 18.5 years old, 46 of them had PCD, 44 had CF and 200 were healthy children. To our knowledge, this work contains the widest population compared to previous studies. Subjects receiving steroids or antibiotics or those with any acute respiratory tract infection, asthma or allergic rhinitis were not included in the study. Mean nNO levels were found as 10.4, 22.8 and 21.0 ppb in PCD, CF and healthy children, respectively. The nNO levels for PCD patients were found significantly lower than children with CF and the control groups (p < 0.05). In this study, the diagnostic nNO cut-off level between PCD and the other two groups was determined to be < 11.5 ppb with %83.6 specificity and %67.4 sensitivity. The screening of nNO with NIOX-MINO method provides early diagnose before mucosal biopsy of patients who are suspected to have PCD and therefore, prevents co-morbidities and prolongs survival with early treatment.
The effectiveness of serum amyloid A for prediction of neonatal cholestasis associated with parenteral nutrition in premature infants
Authors: Özkan Hilal , Köksal Nilgün , Doğan Pelin , Güney-Varal İpek , Bağcı Onur , Özgür Taner
Published: September 2019

Parenteral nutrition (PN) has been widely used in premature infants untill enteral feeding can be tolerated. Cholestasis is an important complication of PN. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of serial measurements of serum amyloid A (SAA) during PN and compare its` effectiveness with C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT). We also aimed to determine the risk factors for PN associated cholestasis (PNAC). Premature infants ( < 34 weeks` gestational age) who were started on PN during hospitalization were included in this prospective study. SAA, CRP and PCT levels were measured on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 21 of PN in all infants. Infants who had PN for less than 2 weeks, who developed sepsis and/or necrotizing enterocolitis were excluded. A total of 85 infants were included. The mean birth weight was 1226±329 g, and the mean gestational age was 29.4±1.8 weeks. The birth weight of infants who developed cholestasis were significantly lower. Enteral nutrition was started significantly later in infants with cholestasis. CRP and PCT did not correlate with conjugated bilirubin levels at any time point. SAA levels on days 7 and 14 showed a significant correlation with conjugated bilirubin levels. SAA levels on day 7 was found to have the highest sensitivity for prediction of PNAC. Low birth weight, late commencement of enteral feeding, and prolonged PN were the main risk factors for PNAC development. This is the first study that shows the predictive value of SAA for PNAC development. We suggest that SAA may be used as an accurate and useful biomarker for prediction of PNAC in high risk premature infants receiving PN.
BK virus associated nephropathy and severe pneumonia in a kidney transplanted adolescent with Schimke immuneosseous- dysplasia
Authors: Düzova Ali , Gülhan Bora , Topaloğlu Rezan , Özaltın Fatih , Cengiz Ali Bülent , Yetimakman Ayşe Filiz , Doğru Deniz , Güçer Şafak , Beşbaş Nesrin
Published: September 2019

Patients with juvenile onset Schimke immune-osseous-dysplasia (SIOD) have less severe symptoms and can survive in the second and third decade of life. We present an 18 year-old adolescent with juvenile onset SIOD who was diagnosed after renal transplantation and developed BK virus associated nephropathy (BKVAN) and severe pneumonia during follow-up. The patient developed nephrotic syndrome, unresponsive to immunosuppressives, at the age of 8 years. He had a history of meningitis, short stature, microcephaly, prominent ears, and bilateral cryptorchidism. A renal transplantation was performed at the age of 15 years. During follow-up, he suffered from leucopenia, urinary tract infections, herpes labialis, and candida esophagitis. Sanger sequencing of SMARCAL1 revealed a missense mutation on exon 11 (R586W). A renal biopsy performed after a sharp increase in serum creatinine (without significant viremia) revealed BKVAN which responded to sirolimus monotherapy and cidofovir. Three months later, he suffered from productive cough and dyspnea with diffuse ground glass pulmonary infiltrates. His clinical situation deteriorated and non-invasive mechanical ventilation was started. Cidofovir (2 mg/kg) was re-started weekly for a possible BKV pneumonia with intravenous immunoglobulin. After 5 doses of cidofovir and intense antibiotic regime, his dyspnea resolved with stable graft functions. In our case; BKVAN, which developed without significant viremia, and possibly associated pneumonia were treated successfully with cidofovir and sirolimus monotherapy.
TEORIA DA PERDA DE UMA CHANCE
Authors: FERNANDES Graziele Bortolato , STEFANONI Luciana Renata Rondina
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho apresenta como objetivo central investigar os fundamentos doutrinários e jurí­dicos que permitem a aplicabilidade da teoria da perda de uma chance, especificando-os e justificando-os. A teoria da perda de uma chance pode ser conceituada quando o sujeito se depara com uma expectativa frustrada, daquilo que poderia ser uma oportunidade futura dentro da lógica do razoável. O Direito Civil sempre se preocupou em regular as atividades entre sujeitos, pautando-se em princí­pios patrimoniais na sociedade, uma vez que com as crescentes evoluções econômicas e sociais, surgiram inúmeras teses e reflexões sobre as quais o Estado deveria se preocupar na seara do direito privado. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão de literatura através do método dedutivo, com pesquisas em doutrinas, jurisprudências, artigos científicos e monografias. Em relação ao conteúdo, faz-se importante seu aprofundamento para que o Poder Judiciário possa solucionar com a segurança jurídica que se aguarda os conflitos que existem e virão a existir. Afinal, os estudos realizados, demonstram a grande relevância prática aos casos concretos julgados nos Tribunais, dessa forma existindo a possibilidade de regularizar como nova espécie de dano dentro do Código Civil, unindo-se aos outros danos já existentes da responsabilidade civil, semelhante ao que ocorre na França, Itália e Inglaterra, devendo ser analisada pelo Poder Legislativo para que possa compor o rol dos danos da responsabilidade civil.
Penataan Ulang Ruang Parkir Lapangan Terbuka “Mail Giant”, Cimanggis Bogor
Authors: Utama Dwinanta
Published: September 2019

Drivers moving from an origin to destination at one time and at certain place will need to stop theirvehicles Vehicle that stop for parking will need a safe and comfortable place to assure that it will notobstnt.ct the other traffic movement.Giant Mall as a shopping center at Cinuznggis Bogar 1iritlz existing parking capacihj of 250 cars and273 motora1cles is facing parking problem, so it needs some reuiew design. During the peak hour inweekend time, it shows that more vehicles come in to be parked th.en the maximum capacity parkinglot prcmi.ded. Hopefully bt; having a redesign parking improvement this problem can be solved toobtain better condition.