bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro biochemical features of cold plasma application in MCF-7 experimental breast cancer cells
Authors: Zinnurova A. B. , Vorobyev K. P. , Bakina O. V. , Senkina E. I. , Spirina L. V. , Nosareva O. L. , Zhavoronok T. V.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Low-temperature plasma is currently used in medicine, including cancer therapy. Plasma-activated biological solutions have already been proposed as potential reagents for cancer treatment. However, the biological effects in cells induced by exposure to cold plasma still remain unexplored. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms of the effects of cold plasma on cells is of great clinical importance for its clinical application. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of cold plasma exposure on apoptosis, catalase activity, and malonic dialdehyde content in MCF-7 breast cancer cell cultures compared to 3T3 normal fibroblast cells. Material and Methods. MCF-7 mammary epithelial cells were used as research objects, and NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells were used as controls. Cell suspensions were treated using low-temperature atmospheric discharge plasma with escaping electrons. Annexin V and propidium iodide were used to quantify cell line apoptosis. The content of malonic dialdehyde was determined by the developing coloration of its solution with 2-thiobarbituric acid at high temperature in acidic medium. The activity of catalase was estimated by the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide for a certain time of incubation of the mixture. Results. It was found that irradiation of MCF-7 cell culture with plasma led to an increase in the content of malondialdehyde, the main product of lipid peroxidation. the increase in this parameter is an indicator of cell membrane damage and oxidative stress induced by irradiation. In addition, under the same irradiation regime, cold plasma showed a stimulating effect on the culture of 3T3 cells, while on the MCF-7 culture, on the contrary, it stimulated the activation of apoptosis and cell death. Conclusion. In the present study, we found that exposure of tumor and normal cells to cold plasma promotes apoptosis activation. Catalase and MDA activity have been shown to be significant markers capable of assessing the intensity of oxidative stress.
Online by Choice: Design Options for Flexible K-12 Learning. (2023).
Authors: Dolighan Tim
Published: January 2025

Online by Choice: Design Options for Flexible K-12 Learning by Stephanie Moore and Michael Barbour offers a comprehensive exploration of building a resilient educational ecosystem through blended and online learning options. This review highlights the authors' adept construction of practical, research-based strategies for K-12 communities. By distinguishing between emergency remote learning and purposefully designed online education, Moore and Barbour guide educators in identifying and addressing diverse learner needs in the context of designing and implementing online and blended learning. The authors stress the collaborative effort required between system administrators and teachers for successful online implementation. This review explores the book's utility for educators seeking to enhance their online teaching skills and suggests avenues for future professional learning development in online contexts. Ultimately, Online by Choice emerges as a vital resource for designing effective online learning experiences tailored to the evolving needs of K-12 learners.
Behaviourist-Constructivist Pedagogical Design Possibilities Within the Community of Inquiry Framework
Authors: Sareen Sheriya , Mandal Sayantan
Published: January 2025

The discourse on blended learning must not take away focus on learning by concentrating explicitly on technologies. When learner-centred discussions are incorporated, these may be confined to constructivist pedagogies, as evident through the well-established community of inquiry (CoI) framework. While a few early advances argue for behaviourist pedagogies to underpin the CoI framework in particular, and a plethora of literature supports behaviourist-constructivist interplay for blended learning in general, this study pioneers the proposal of these interactions within the CoI framework for blended learning. It also challenges the prevailing stand-alone socio-constructivist pedagogical design of the CoI framework to deal with the complexities of higher education by adopting a decolonial positionality. In this light, we explain the impact of missing out on behaviourist designs on the CoI framework through the problem of epistemological untenability and that of assumed learning. Having provided the rationale for including behaviourist designs, we then emphasize the behaviourist-constructivist interactions within the framework. This discussion paper contributes to the ongoing dynamic scholarship of the CoI and encourages the research community to empirically explore the positioning of such a pedagogical design within this framework.
Technological Tool for Formative Assessment in Higher Education: ZipGrade
Authors: Arora Bani , Al-Hattami Abdulghani
Published: January 2025

This descriptive study examines the effectiveness of ZipGrade, a digital assessment tool, in the context of formative evaluations within classroom settings, focusing on its deployment for multiple-choice question quizzes. This research contributes to the dialogue on the integration of information and communication technology to promote quality education and address the literature gap in providing immediate feedback to enhance the learning outcomes. Drawing on a sample of 63 fourth year B.Ed. students in Bahrain, the study combines quantitative and qualitative methodologies to assess student perceptions about the utility and effectiveness of ZipGrade. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire following the administration of a series of formative tests across selected course segments. The findings reveal a predominantly positive reception of ZipGrade among students, highlighting its ease of use, immediate feedback provision, and potential to more effectively engage learners in the assessment process. Challenges such as the necessity for physical printing of answer sheets, a predisposition towards multiple-choice questions, and infrastructural and policy-related barriers were identified, suggesting areas for further development and support.
Using frequency regulation to improve the energy efficiency of pumping units in switching circuits with a water tower
Authors: Kapanski A. A.
Published: January 2025

The development of the water supply system for small settlements involves the use of frequency converters and specialized control algorithms capable of maintaining the pressure level established in the network within certain limits. The implementation of one of the standard schemes involves decommissioning a water tower, which, on the one hand, allows reducing the cost of its maintenance, on the other hand, if the pump fails, the water tower provides a certain supply of water to the consumer, which increases the overall uptime. The paper considers the potential for increasing the energy efficiency of a water supply system when operating well pumps on a water tower through the use of frequency converters. The study has analyzed the operating conditions of more than 300 wells. This has made it possible to establish that most pumps have overestimated pressure values when lifting water into the tower (median excess of about 30 m). For the wells under study, optimization of the operating modes of the pumping units has revealed energy saving potential of up to 50 % by reducing excess pressure and up to 2.0 % due to a reduction in starting power at the moment of engine acceleration. An assessment of the energy saving potential based on similarity theory emphasizes that when the pump motor speed is reduced, it is important to take into account the reduction in its performance, which is a significant limitation in the design of automated control systems. The study results confirm the significant theoretical and practical potential of using frequency converters to improve the efficiency of water supply systems without the need to mothball water towers. The research provides a basis for further developments in the field of optimization and automation of water supply systems in order to achieve high energy efficiency.
Адаптация параметров сварочного трансформатора с учетом выходных характеристик дуги
Authors: Savchuk V. S. , Plekhov A. S.
Published: January 2025

Сварка металлов, широко применяемая в современной технике, является сложным технологическим процессом. Для оценки качества сварного соединения и его соответствия эксплуатационным требованиям используются методы математического моделирования. Математическая модель импульсного трансформатора разработана с помощью программного комплекса Matlab Simulink и программных модулей от компании Schneider Electric. Проверка выходных данных произведена на базе производственной компании НПК "Эталон" (Ростовская область, г. Волгодонск), где полученные данные сопоставлены с теоретической базой. Математическая модель импульсного трансформатора позволяет реализовать метод сварки STT (Surface Tension Transfer – тепломассоперенос за счет механизма сил поверхностного натяжения) с более глубокой калибровкой силовых импульсов мощности тока с четко заданными электрическими параметрами и решить проблему переключения сварочных режимов в сложных рабочих сценариях; она применима для различных видов сварки (контактной, дуговой, лучевой и др.).
Modeling the motion of a ship with suspended cargo
Authors: Soloviev A. A. , Shugay S. N.
Published: January 2025

The stability of a vessel determines its ability to safely navigate in any sea state. In the process of studying the dynamics of a vessel in rough seas, the method of mathematical modeling based on the linear theory of waves and rolling has been used. The models allow obtaining calculation formulas and methods used to analyze the rolling of vessels with shifting cargo on board (liquid, bulk, suspended). The effect of suspended cargo on the seaworthiness of a vessel is currently considered only when solving problems of static stability. When solving problems of dynamics, mathematical models of the roll of a vessel with suspended cargo in calm water and regular waves have been proposed, and linear differential equations of the roll of a vessel with suspended cargo have been obtained. The presence of suspended cargo on a vessel significantly changes the parameters of the roll due to the occurrence of heeling and variable moments of inertia of the vessel. The proposed mathematical methods allow simulating the roll in any regular waves, taking into account arbitrary values of the transverse metacentric height, cargo weight and suspension length.
Selametan and Mubeng Asem: Acculturation between Islamic Teaching and Javanese Tradition in Pati, Central Java
Authors: Rohman Taufiqur , Azizah Balkis Nur , Dlifa'in Alif Faza , Ramadhan Mahendra Utama Cahya
Published: January 2025

Pre-wedding traditions have become an inseparable point in wedding traditions among the Javanese community. This research aims to explores the Mubeng Asem tradition in Kuryokalangan village, Gabus, Pati, Central Java, which is deeply rooted in local customs and Islamic principles. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, using observation, interviews, and documentation to combine data. The results show that the Mubeng Asem tradition represents Javanese ancestors’ efforts to maintain harmony in the household and protect the Kuryokalangan community. The tradition primarily involves expressing gratitude to the family as family members enter the marriage phase, symbolizing the family’s gratitude and upholding Eastern cultural norms.
Unraveling the Intricate Dynamics of Turkish Immigrants and Muslim Minorities in Germany
Authors: Suganda Asep Dadan , Lestari Widianti , Sulthani Dinil Abrar
Published: January 2025

Germany's cultural and economic diversity is enhanced by the contributions of Turkish immigrants and Muslim minorities, whose legacy enriches the country. However, social exclusion and unfavorable preconceptions impact some of these groups, which can hurt their well-being and quality of life. This article addresses the dynamics of Muslim minorities and Turkish immigrants in Germany, emphasizing the social developments, historical trajectory, and difficulties these groups encounter in German society. It focuses on minority rights, social integration, and acceptance. This article employs a qualitative descriptive technique, interpreting qualitative data in-depth to comprehend and explain social phenomena or human behavior. Data is gathered by analyzing pertinent materials and subsequently interpreted thematically in light of the study environment. This article's conclusions and discussions are restricted to the impact of Turkish immigration on the Muslim community while considering a range of social, cultural, political, and economic facets of German life. Karl Marx's conflict theory holds that these difficulties reflect underlying power dynamics and class struggles, in which the dominant class keeps control over resources, cultural norms, and political authority, resulting in systemic conflicts and inequality. In addition to initiatives to support equality and inclusion, addressing these concerns calls for a greater comprehension of the structural dynamics at play.
Role of Topical Glyceryl Trinitrate in the Management of Anal Fissure
Authors: MUHAMMAD O F , SHAKIR H , AMJAD H M , SOHAIL K M , ZAKRJA I , SHAH A
Published: January 2025

Objective: 1) To evaluate the effectiveness of topical 0.2% Glyceryl Trinitrate (GTN) ointment in symptomatic relief and healing of anal fissure 2) To establish the role of GTN as a first line treatment for both acute and chronic anal fissure. 3) To elaborate the safety profile of GTN with respect to its side effects. Design: Prospective, randomized case control study. Place of studs: Surgical unit II, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Duration of Study: I year from 1-2-2005 to 31-2-2006. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients of all ages and either sex with a clinical diagnosis of fissure in ano (both acute and chronic) were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. The treatment group (Group-A) was advised 0.2% GTN ointment whereas the control group (Group-B) was prescribed a local anesthetic ointment (Lignocaine Compound® Knoll). Both groups applied the given drugs twice daily for a period of 8 weeks and follow-up at the end of first, second and eighth week was carried out. A long-term follow-up at the end of 6 months was undertaken to look for any recurrence of the disease. Results: 18 patients out of 50 patients presented with acute anal fissure while 32 presented with chronic anal fissure.77% of patients with acute fissure in Group A showed fissure healing while 44% of patients with acute fissure were benefited in Group B. When the failures of group B were subjected to GTN, 80% of the patients showed healing of their fissures. 81% of patients suffering from chronic anal fissure were cured in Group A while 25% of patients showed improvement in Group B. Non benefited patients in group B when subjected to GTN, 66% showed fissure healing. Recurrence vas seen in 8 patients in group A (24%) and 3 patients in group (38%) at long term follow-up. Conclusion: Anal fissure is a common general surgical problem associated with severe anal pain. Regarding conservative treatment, the advent of GTN is a healing hope for patients with anal fissure. It has revolutionized the non-surgical treatment, as it is effective, safe and economical in terms of cure of both acute and chronic anal fissures.
Functional Properties and Quality Control of Cortex Dictamni: A Review
Authors: Suryoprabowo Steven , Onasie Evie Wilona , Hendriko Albert , Zhongxing Wang
Published: January 2025

In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the functional properties of
Cortex dictamni. Cortex dictamni has a huge potential to be an alternative medicine in the treatment
of various diseases, such as inflammatory diseases, skin inflammation, tinea, eczema, scabies,
rheumatic pain, and jaundice, and it receives greater attention due to its pharmacological effects.
This review aims to find scientific evidence in order to support claims related to cortex dictamni.
Subsequently, it is very important to gather studies related to the functional properties and
toxicology of cortex dictamni from scientific research. We reviewed the existing literature related
to the cortex dictamni. Multiple studies reported that cortex dictamni exhibits various functional
properties, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-allergic, neuroprotective neuroprotection,
hepatoprotective hepatoprotection, and anti-microbial. In conclusion, Cortex Dictamni is a commonly
used medical herb in traditional Chinese medicines possessing various bioactivities. Quinoline
alkaloids are regarded as one of the main active components in this herb. However, the safety
aspects of this herbal medicine must be thoroughly evaluated to ensure its suitability for medicinal
use.
Origanum syriacum Induces Apoptosis in Lung Cancer Cells by Altering the Ratio of Bax/Bcl2
Authors: Yumrutaş Önder , Yumrutaş Pınar , Pehlivan Mustafa , Korkmaz Murat , Kahraman Demet
Published: January 2025

Background:

The lung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Although methods such as
surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy are used for treatment, these treatments are sometimes
inadequate. In addition, the number of chemotherapeutic agents used is very limited, and it is very important to
use new natural agents that can increase the effect of these methods used in treatment.

Objective:

The present study was designed to determine the suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis
activities and phenolic content of Origanum syriacum methanol extract (OsME) on lung cancer cells (A549).

Methods:

For this purpose, the cell viability of A549 cells exposed to OsME was first determined. The morphological
changes of the cell were observed by an inverted phase contrast microscope. Moreover, the percentage of
apoptotic and necrotic cells was determined by FACS with AnnexinV/Propodium iodide staining. Additionally,
proapoptotic Bax and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 mRNA levels were determined by Real-time PCR. Phenolic compounds
of OsME were detected by LC-MS-MS.

Results:

It was observed that the viability and proliferation of lung cancer cells decreased after the treatment of
different concentrations of OsME. At a concentration of 200 mg/ml of OsME, most of the cell membrane structures
were observed to disintegrate. Meanwhile, a 25 μg/ml concentration of OsME increased the Bax expression
and percentage of late apoptotic cells. Vanillic acid and luteolin were identified as the main phenolic compounds
of OsME.

Conclusion:

OsME exhibited antiproliferation activity on A549 cells and induced apoptosis at low doses.
Analysis of income and risk of Porang farming
Authors: Susrusa Ketut Budi , Wijayanti Putu Udayani , Dewi Ni Luh Prima Kemala
Published: January 2025

This research data analyzed quantitatively to find the amount of income and risk of farming. The research was conducted in Mundeh Kauh Village, West Selemadeg District, Tabanan Regency and Depeha Village, Kubu Additional District, Buleleng Regency. The samples were taken from 19 Porang farmers from members of the Maju Bersama farmer group using the saturated sampling method and 11 Porang farmers from the Bali Porang Farmers Association (P3B) using the accidental sampling method. Farming income is the difference between the farming income obtained and the total farming expenditure. Farming risk is analyzed using the coefficient of variation. The research results reveal the following. The average income of Porang farming in Bali is IDR 2,130,493.46 per production cycle with an average plant population of 2,155 plants. The risk of Porang farming is classified as a large risk as indicated by the coefficient of variation (CV) value of Porang farming income of 1.96 (>0.5). The source of risk in Porang farming is the high variation in production due to exposure to tuber caterpillar attacks and falling prices due to the closure of Indonesian Porang exports due to non-fulfillment of food safety requirements in importing countries.
OPTIMASI DEGRADASI LIGNOSELULOSA TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS) OLEH Phanerochaete chrysosporium MENGGUNAKAN RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
Authors: Chairunnisa Sarah , Nurika Irnia , Hidayat Nur
Published: January 2025

Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) merupakan biomassa lignoselulosa yang memiliki potensi untuk dikonversi menjadi produk bio-based melalui proses degradasi. Proses degradasi ini dapat dilakukan secara enzimatis oleh Phanerochaete chrysosporium, salah satu jamur pelapuk putih yang mampu memecah struktur kompleks lignoselulosa pada TKKS. Dalam penelitian ini, dilakukan optimasi faktor seperti konsentrasi glukosa, konsentrasi yeast extract dan waktu inkubasi agar memperoleh degradasi lignoselulosa TKKS yang optimal oleh P. chrysosporium dengan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Variabel respon penelitian ini yaitu total gula reduksi (TGR), total soluble phenol (TSP), susut berat dan pH. Hasil solusi optimal diperoleh pada perlakuan konsentrasi glukosa 30 g/L, konsentrasi yeast extract 0,5 g/L dan waktu inkubasi selama 21 hari menghasilkan nilai prediksi TGR sebesar 7,244 mg/g, nilai TSP sebesar 0,036 mg/g, pH sebesar 5,69, dan susut berat sebesar 17,085 %, dengan nilai desirability sebesar 0,844. Berdasarkan hasil verifikasi, respon TGR sebesar 7,874 mg/g, respon TSP sebesar 0,031 mg/g, respon pH sebesar 5,69, dan respon susut berat sebesar 16,702%.
Inter-Regional Cooperation for Sustainable Mangrove Management in Jakarta Bay
Authors: Subambang R. Budiono , Damar Ario , Taryono Taryono , Kurnia Rahmat , Bengen Dietriech G.
Published: January 2025

An integrated institutional approach is expected to be a solution to overcome this policy fragmentation. With integrated mangrove management across jurisdictions, it can be clearer to maintain the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem while supporting sustainable development in the coastal area of Jakarta Bay. This study aims to develop an ideal inter-jurisdictional institutional framework for mangrove management in Jakarta Bay. The study used primary and secondary data. Data analysis uses stakeholder analysis, multidimensional scaling (MDS), and interpretive structural modeling (ISM). The results of the stakeholder classification showed that local communities occupy the subject category, the key players are the central government and regional governments, universities and NGOs occupy the context setter position, and the crowded category is the private sector. The results of the MDS analysis using RAP Mangrove show a sustainability index value for the institutional dimension of 11.59%. The institutional design of the three elements, which are divided into 11 sub-elements, shows that the availability of adequate data and planning for the implementation of mangrove rehabilitation, restoring mangrove ecosystems in damaged conditions, improving the quality of degraded mangrove cover and ponds, and mangrove rehabilitation at the multi-strata government policy and program level (multi-related sectors, regional government, and village government) are the basis for the achievement of the other sub-elements. Synchronization of regulations and policies across sectors, as well as active participation from various stakeholders, are the keys to success in maintaining the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems.
Optimizing supply chain performance in Somali SMEs: The role of internal and external integration
Authors:   Faculty of Management Science, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia, Jama Liban Abdullahi , Mohamud Ibrahim Hassan ,   Faculty of Management Science, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia, Hassan Mohamed Abdinor ,   Faculty of Management Science, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia
Published: January 2025

This study explores how supply chain integration (SCI) affects the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Data were gathered through surveys from SMEs in Mogadishu, Somalia, involving supply, logistics, and operations managers as well as employees. The findings indicate that SCI significantly enhances performance in areas such as cost efficiency, product quality, delivery timeliness, and operational effectiveness. The study highlights the importance of not only internal integration but also strong connections with suppliers and customers. It adds to existing research by providing empirical evidence on the performance benefits of supply network integration and the factors driving these improvements. The study recommends that managers adopt a comprehensive strategy to strengthen both internal integration and collaboration with external supply chain partners.
Updated Surveillance Metrics and History of the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-2023) in East Asia and the Pacific Region: Longitudinal Trend Analysis
Authors: Lundberg Alexander L , Soetikno Alan G , Wu Scott A , Ozer Egon , Welch Sarah B , Liu Yingxuan , Hawkins Claudia , Mason Maryann , Murphy Robert , Havey Robert J , Moss Charles B , Achenbach Chad J , Post Lori Ann
Published: January 2025

Background

This study updates the COVID-19 pandemic surveillance in East Asia and the Pacific region that we first conducted in 2020 with 2 additional years of data for the region.

Objective

First, we aimed to measure whether there was an expansion or contraction of the pandemic in East Asia and the Pacific region when the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the end of the COVID-19 public health emergency of international concern on May 5, 2023. Second, we used dynamic and genomic surveillance methods to describe the dynamic history of the pandemic in the region and situate the window of the WHO declaration within the broader history. Finally, we aimed to provide historical context for the course of the pandemic in East Asia and the Pacific region.

Methods

In addition to updates of traditional surveillance data and dynamic panel estimates from the original study, this study used data on sequenced SARS-CoV-2 variants from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data to identify the appearance and duration of variants of concern. We used Nextclade nomenclature to collect clade designations from sequences and Pangolin nomenclature for lineage designations of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we conducted a 1-sided t test to determine whether the regional weekly speed was greater than an outbreak threshold of 10. We ran the test iteratively with 6 months of data across the sample period.

Results

Several countries in East Asia and the Pacific region had COVID-19 transmission rates above an outbreak threshold at the point of the WHO declaration (Brunei, New Zealand, Australia, and South Korea). However, the regional transmission rate had remained below the outbreak threshold for 4 months. In the rolling 6-month window t test for regional outbreak status, the final P value ≤.10 implies a rejection of the null hypothesis (at the α=.10 level) that the region as a whole was not in an outbreak for the period from November 5, 2022, to May 5, 2023. From January 2022 onward, nearly every sequenced SARS-CoV-2 specimen in the region was identified as the Omicron variant.

Conclusions

While COVID-19 continued to circulate in East Asia and the Pacific region, transmission rates had fallen below outbreak status by the time of the WHO declaration. Compared to other global regions, East Asia and the Pacific region had the latest outbreaks driven by the Omicron variant. COVID-19 appears to be endemic in the region, no longer reaching the threshold for a pandemic definition. However, the late outbreaks raise uncertainty about whether the pandemic was truly over in the region at the time of the WHO declaration.
Predictive Factors and the Predictive Scoring System for Falls in Acute Care Inpatients: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Saito Chihiro , Nakatani Eiji , Sasaki Hatoko , E Katsuki Naoko , Tago Masaki , Harada Kiyoshi
Published: January 2025

Background

Falls in hospitalized patients are a serious problem, resulting in physical injury, secondary complications, impaired activities of daily living, prolonged hospital stays, and increased medical costs. Establishing a fall prediction scoring system to identify patients most likely to fall can help prevent falls among hospitalized patients.

Objectives

This study aimed to identify predictive factors of falls in acute care hospital patients, develop a scoring system, and evaluate its validity.

Methods

This single-center, retrospective cohort study involved patients aged 20 years or older admitted to Shizuoka General Hospital between April 2019 and September 2020. Demographic data, candidate predictors at admission, and fall occurrence reports were collected from medical records. The outcome was the time from admission to a fall requiring medical resources. Two-thirds of cases were randomly selected as the training set for analysis, and univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to identify factors affecting fall risk. We scored the fall risk based on the estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and constructed a fall prediction scoring system. The remaining one-third of cases was used as the test set to evaluate the predictive performance of the new scoring system.

Results

A total of 13,725 individuals were included. During the study period, 2.4% (326/13,725) of patients experienced a fall. In the training dataset (n=9150), Cox regression analysis identified sex (male: HR 1.60, 95% CI 1.21‐2.13), age (65 to <80 years: HR 2.26, 95% CI 1.48‐3.44; ≥80 years: HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.60‐3.92 vs 20-<65 years), BMI (18.5 to <25 kg/m²: HR 1.36, 95% CI 0.94‐1.97; <18.5 kg/m²: HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.01‐2.44 vs ≥25 kg/m²), independence degree of daily living for older adults with disabilities (bedriddenness rank A: HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.26‐2.60; rank B: HR 2.03, 95% CI 1.31‐3.14; rank C: HR 1.23, 95% CI 0.83‐1.83 vs rank J), department (internal medicine: HR 1.23, 95% CI 0.92‐1.64; emergency department: HR 1.81, 95% CI 1.26‐2.60 vs department of surgery), and history of falls within 1 year (yes: HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.21‐2.27) as predictors of falls. Using these factors, we developed a fall prediction scoring system categorizing patients into 3 risk groups: low risk (0-4 points), intermediate risk (5-9 points), and high risk (10-15 points). The c-index indicating predictive performance in the test set (n=4575) was 0.733 (95% CI 0.684‐0.782).

Conclusions

We developed a new fall prediction scoring system for patients admitted to acute care hospitals by identifying predictors of falls in Japan. This system may be useful for preventive interventions in patient populations with a high likelihood of falling in acute care settings.
An Ontology for Digital Medicine Outcomes: Development of the Digital Medicine Outcomes Value Set (DOVeS)
Authors: Rosner Benjamin , Horridge Matthew , Austria Guillen , Lee Tiffany , Auerbach Andrew
Published: January 2025

Background

Over the last 10-15 years, US health care and the practice of medicine itself have been transformed by a proliferation of digital medicine and digital therapeutic products (collectively, digital health tools [DHTs]). While a number of DHT classifications have been proposed to help organize these tools for discovery, retrieval, and comparison by health care organizations seeking to potentially implement them, none have specifically addressed that organizations considering their implementation approach the DHT discovery process with one or more specific outcomes in mind. An outcomes-based DHT ontology could therefore be valuable not only for health systems seeking to evaluate tools that influence certain outcomes, but also for regulators and vendors seeking to ascertain potential substantial equivalence to predicate devices.

Objective

This study aimed to develop, with inputs from industry, health care providers, payers, regulatory bodies, and patients through the Accelerated Digital Clinical Ecosystem (ADviCE) consortium, an ontology specific to DHT outcomes, the Digital medicine Outcomes Value Set (DOVeS), and to make this ontology publicly available and free to use.

Methods

From a starting point of a 4-generation–deep hierarchical taxonomy developed by ADviCE, we developed DOVeS using the Web Ontology Language through the open-source ontology editor Protégé, and data from 185 vendors who had submitted structured product information to ADviCE. We used a custom, decentralized, collaborative ontology engineering methodology, and were guided by Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) Foundry principles. We incorporated the Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO) and the Ontology of Adverse Events. After development, DOVeS was field-tested between December 2022 and May 2023 with 40 additional independent vendors previously unfamiliar with ADviCE or DOVeS. As a proof of concept, we subsequently developed a prototype DHT Application Finder leveraging DOVeS to enable a user to query for DHT products based on specific outcomes of interest.

Results

In its current state, DOVeS contains 42,320 and 9481 native axioms and distinct classes, respectively. These numbers are enhanced when taking into account the axioms and classes contributed by MONDO and the Ontology of Adverse Events.

Conclusions

DOVeS is publicly available on BioPortal and GitHub, and has a Creative Commons license CC-BY-SA that is intended to encourage stakeholders to modify, adapt, build upon, and distribute it. While no ontology is complete, DOVeS will benefit from a strong and engaged user base to help it grow and evolve in a way that best serves DHT stakeholders and the patients they serve.
Understanding cancer symptom management using Amazon reviews: a human-annotated corpus (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Liwei , Lu Qiuhao , Li Rui , Harrison Taylor , Jia Heling , Huang Ming , Zhang Rui , Fan Jungwei , Liu Hongfang
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Complementary therapies are being increasingly used by cancer patients. As a channel for customers to share their feelings, outcomes, ideas, and perceived knowledge about the products purchased from e-commerce platforms, Amazon online reviews are a valuable real-world data source for health care studies.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we aim to highlight the potential of using Amazon consumer reviews in mining the outcomes of cancer symptom management, provide a freely accessible corpus, and develop natural language processing (NLP) baseline models to demonstrate the usability of the annotated dataset.

METHODS

We preprocessed the Amazon review dataset and conducted content analysis. We then designed an annotation guideline, annotated 159 reviews, and developed baseline models based on deep learning and large language model (LLM) for name entity recognition and text classification tasks.

RESULTS

The annotation labels were designed to capture cancer types, indicated symptoms, and symptom management outcomes. The resulting annotation corpus contains 2,067 labels from 159 Amazon reviews. It’s publicly accessible, together with the annotation guideline through the Open Health Natural Language Processing (OHNLP) Github. Our baseline model, bert-base-cased, achieved highest weighted average F1, i.e., 66.92%, for NER, and LLM gpt4-1106-preview-chat achieved the highest F1 for text classification tasks, i.e., 66.67% for “Harmful outcome”, 88.46% for “Favorable outcome” and 73.33% for “Ambiguous outcome”.

CONCLUSIONS

Results showed the potential of using Amazon reviews in mining the outcomes of cancer symptom management. The annotation corpus and baseline models provide a foundation for future enhanced methodology development to facilitate cancer symptom management in cancer patients using Amazon consumer reviews.
Automating HPV Vaccination Guidance Analysis: Reducing Annotation Effort with LLMs and Improving Scalability with Knowledge Distillation (Preprint)
Authors: Khan Saadat Hasan , Williams Michelle S. , Lybarger Kevin
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection with significant health implications, including cervical cancer and other malignancies. Every year 14 million people in the USA contract HPV, and this results in approximately 40,000 new HPV-related diseases.

OBJECTIVE

State Department of Health (DOH) websites serve as authoritative sources of HPV-related health communications, presenting state-specific content that influences public awareness and vaccination decisions. We develop a computationally efficient framework to systematically evaluate these information repositories based on their content quality, completeness, and their motivational impact on vaccination behavior.

METHODS

We propose a dataset consolidating 47 different DOH websites’ data targeted towards HPV and HPV vaccination. By developing an annotated dataset (n=400), efficient prompting techniques and a Knowledge Distillation framework, we develop and evaluate efficient student models based on the Llama family of Large Language Models (LLMs) and the RoBERTa Large encoder architecture. We finally deploy the best-performing student model for a computationally feasible evaluation of the content of DOH websites.

RESULTS

Fine-tuned RoBERTa Large model achieves an F1 score of 0.74 on the test set, outperforming all other student models and approaching the teacher model's performance (F1 = 0.77).

CONCLUSIONS

We introduce a comprehensive dataset of state DOH websites and propose a lightweight model that effectively analyzes health communication content while maintaining computational efficiency.
Neurocognitive functioning among recovered COVID-19 patients and healthy controls (Preprint)
Authors: Gogia Siddhi , Zaidi S.Z.H , Gaur Ayushi
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

The prevailing COVID-19; coronavirus pandemic has exposed the world's vulnerabilities and is taking its toll on people all over the globe. The virus can be said to be a stressful life event which resulted in a number of changes neurologically. Following viral recovery, a number of issues are emerging, including complaints of forgetfulness and attention problems that might last a lifetime and lead to neurocognitive impairment.

OBJECTIVE

The present study aims to assess the neuro-cognitive functioning in patients recovered from COVID-19 and healthy controls.

METHODS

A cross-sectional research design was used and a total of 30 participants were chosen using snowball sampling method the sample included 30 recovered COVID-19 patients and 30 healthy controls in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, who tested positive for Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) with recovery for at least 2 months
The Trail Making Test-B, Digit Span Test, Stroop Test and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was used to assess the neurocognitive functioning of the patients.

RESULTS

Results revealed a high level of significance in relation to neurocognitive deficits in study group when compared with healthy control group in terms of attention, working memory, processing speed, abstract reasoning, set-shifting. This suggests that COVID-19 symptoms, particularly those that are acute, severe, and long-lasting, have a higher likelihood of experiencing dysfunction in neurocognitive functioning, indicating that there were changes in working memory and attention while evaluating the cognitive dysfunction.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, these findings open new horizons for the neuropsychological aspect after recovery from the infection.
Application of Digital Core Analysis Technology to Study Filtration-Capacity Properties and Structure of Highly Permeable Rocks of Underground Gas Storage Facilities
Authors: Khimulia Valerii
Published: January 2025

The paper presents the results of pore space studies of highly porous reservoir rocks of underground gas storage (UGS) facilities using the digital analysis of computed microtomography images. The methodology of complex nondestructive analysis of structural and filtration-capacitance properties has been developed. Structural heterogeneities and rock fracturing were evaluated. 3D models of specimen inner space were created on the basis of multi-scale images. The values of open and closed porosity, geodesic tortuosity were calculated, the characteristics of percolation paths in the studied rocks were analyzed for different directions of intrusion. Conclusions were made about the homogeneity of percolation path distribution over the rock volume. The spatial distribution of porosity in the rocks was studied, and porometry analysis of the rocks was carried out. Numerical modeling of filtration processes on the obtained structures in the framework of Stokes approximation for three selected directions in the rock by means of GeoDict software was carried out. It is shown that there is no pronounced dependence of changes in filtration properties in the selected directions on the quantitative characteristics of the pore space. The conclusion is made about the degree of anisotropy of filtration-capacitance properties of rocks. The good correspondence of the characteristics measured in the course of digital analysis with in-situ data and experimentally obtained laboratory values is shown. The described technique allows to simplify data acquisition on the characteristics of fine-grained reservoir rocks, and is designed to extend the approaches to nondestructive analysis of core material. The obtained reservoir properties data is necessary for the operational models development of UGS, clarifying integral reservoir properties and filling hydrodynamic models of hydrocarbon storage and production facilities.
Models of shock wave propagation for diverging metallic structures
Authors:   Department of Physics, Bareilly College, Bareilly (India) -243006, CHANDRA R. , SINGH D S. ,   Department of Physics, Bareilly College, Bareilly (India) -243006
Published: January 2025

In the present study we have considered shock waves propagating freely in some diverging metallic structures. The characteristic equation along with boundary conditions provides a differential equation that is used to evaluate certain flow variables and parameters. The Chisnell-Chester-Whitham (CCW) method forms the basis to obtain the analytical relations for shock velocity, shock strength and pressure behind the shock wave. The variation of pressure with parameter  (compression behind the shock) and propagation distance r is obtained for cylindrical (barrel) shock waves. It is found that shock velocity decreases and the shock strength increases as the shock wave progresses in both the Al and Cu metals. The pressure behind the shock also decays with propagation distance. The rate of decay of pressure in case of Al differs with that in Cu metal. Adiabatic sound velocity c and the parameter  both shows a decreasing trend with propagation distance for both materials but the rate of decay is higher for the former.
Lyell’s Views of Translation in the Perspective of Thick Translation—Cat Country as an Example
Authors: Wang Li
Published: January 2025

As China’s first science fiction novel, Lao She’s satirical novel Cat Country has been welcomed by readers as soon as it was released in its first English translation. The success of this novel’s foreign translation cannot be separated from the translator William Lyell’s “thick translation”. By describing the explicit and implicit thick translation methods of Lyell’s translation of Cat Country, analyzing the translator’s thick translation skills under the characterization of thick translation, the principle of truth-seeking in translating culture, and the translation guideline of serving the readers of the translated language, the article reveals the basic rationale of the successful translation of Lyell’s translation, which will serve as a reference for the foreign translation of Chinese literature, and better serve the translation practice and theoretical construction.
Variation in Species Diversity of Epilithic Bryophytes Along the Karst Rocky Desertification Gradient
Authors: Dong Chen
Published: January 2025

Karst rocky desertification is a distinctive landscape formed by the exposure of rock surfaces, where epilithic bryophytes dominate the plant communities. Despite their prevalence, these mosses have received relatively little attention, and the species diversity of lithophilous mosses remains inadequately understood. In this study, we conducted field collections and laboratory identifications of epilithic bryophytes across various karst habitats exhibiting different levels of rocky desertification, aiming to elucidate the patterns of species diversity within these environments. Our findings reveal a total of 47 moss species, belonging to 11 families and 28 genera, with species distribution patterns as follows: PRD (22 species) > MRD (18 species) > SRD (14 species) > NRD (12 species) > LRD (11 species). Notably, the PRD and MRD habitats harbor the highest number of endemic species, each with 8 endemic species, while the other three habitats each contain 5 endemic species. Among these, Eurohypnum leptothallum is a common species across all habitats and represents a dominant species in the karst region. Four distinct moss growth forms were identified in the study area, with proportions as follows: Wefts (75%) > Turfs (15%) > Pentants (8%) > Cushion (2%). The Wefts growth form is ubiquitous across all habitats and is the most prevalent, whereas the proportion of Pendants increases along the rocky desertification gradient, showing a higher degree of adaptation to more severely desertified environments. The α-diversity indices (richness index (R), Simpson index (D), Pielou index (E), and Shannon-Wiener index (H)) exhibit an "M"-shaped distribution along the desertification gradient, indicating the selective effects of desertification processes and the dynamic changes in species over time. The β-diversity index further suggests low species similarity between different habitats, with the similarity index (Cs) between NRD and SRD habitats being as low as 0.08, signifying substantial shifts in species composition. These results provide valuable insights into the changes in species diversity of lithophilous mosses along the rocky desertification gradient and enhance our understanding of the moss species diversity in karst rocky desertification areas.
Decentralized Framework for Securing Smart Grids Using Blockchain and Machine Learning
Authors: Ishaq Yunusa , Prince Ajuru Success , Claude Gbah Gonto Jean , Bebe Togola Molobaly Di
Published: January 2025

Abstract: The transition to smart grids has revolutionized energy distribution, enabling more efficient and flexible power
management through advanced communication and control systems. However, this interconnected structure makes smart grids
vulnerable to cyberattacks, such as False Data Injection Attacks (FDIA), Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, and data
manipulation. These threats undermine the stability and reliability of the grid, and existing centralized security frameworks are
often ill-equipped to address them due to their susceptibility to single points of failure and limited scalability. To overcome these
challenges, this paper introduces a decentralized security framework that combines blockchain technology with machine
learning (ML).
The framework leverages blockchain to provide a transparent, immutable, and decentralized ledger, employing consensus
mechanisms like Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) or Proof of Authority (PoA) to ensure secure data validation.
Alongside this, ML models, including Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN),
are used to detect anomalies in time-series data, such as FDIA, with high precision. Smart contracts embedded in the blockchain
enable automated, real-time responses to threats, such as isolating compromised nodes or rerouting energy flows to maintain
grid stability.
Through simulations replicating real-world cyberattacks, the proposed framework demonstrated over 95% detection accuracy, a
30% reduction in response times, and enhanced computational efficiency with lower energy consumption. These results affirm
the effectiveness of the framework as a scalable and resilient solution for modern smart grid security.