bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The fiscal policy and economic growth of Kosovo: An econometrical analysis
Authors: Ziberi Besime , Hodaj Adelina
Published: November 2020

The fiscal policy plays a crucial role in a country's economic growth and development. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the fiscal policy in general and to estimate the impact of direct and indirect taxes on economic growth in particular in case of Kosovo. To achieve the main aim of this paper a broadly national and international literature is reviewed and discussed thus the Pearson Correlation and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model have been modified and adapted to estimate the relationship and the impact of direct and indirect taxes on economic growth in Kosovo. The data used is secondary data taken from the Tax Administration of Kosovo, the Ministry of Finance and the Kosovo Agency of Statistics. For model estimation the IBM SPSS program is used. This study concludes that budget revenues from direct and indirect taxes mark an increasing and positive trend in case of Kosovo. Based on the Pearson Correlations we conclude that direct taxes are strongly and positively correlated to Gross Domestic Product however the results of OLS regression in our circumstances show no significance of the independent variables that means that direct and indirect taxes have no impact on economic growth of Kosovo. The paper comes with some key conclusions and further recommendations.
Weighted Goal Programming model for Storage Space Allocation problem in a container terminal
Authors: Dhahri Maryam , Mezghani Mouna , Rekik Ines
Published: November 2020

Storage Space Allocation Problem (SSAP) is defined as the temporary assignment of unloading/loading containers to the storage blocks during a planning period with the aim of balancing the workload between the blocks. Despite the widespread literature on this topic, several previous studies neglected the practical and implementation aspect of their solutions. The aim of this paper is to formulate and solve the real-life SSAP at the Sfax seaport situated in Tunisia. A Weighted Goal Programming (WGP) based-methodology is proposed as a multi-objective resolution approach. In this proposed approach, three objectives have been accorded including: (i) the balance between the containers unloaded in the blocks, (ii) the balance between the containers unloaded and loaded simultaneously, and (iii) the minimization of the storage cost of the loading/unloading containers for each period. Experimental results show that the proposed approach provides good results and can be effective and practical for the studied Sfax seaport case study.
Blending control of the trolleybus traction and brake drives to enhance the braking efficiency of a vehicle
Authors: Safonau Andrei , Vovk Yuriy , Lyashuk Oleg , Khudobei Roman
Published: November 2020

Widespread usage of emission free public transport is the preferred strategy in many cities to reduce a congestion and pollution from the road traffic. The trolleybus is a kind of urban public transport, i.e. a fully electric vehicle, which is considered as a promising tool to enhance the efficiency of public transport and to attain the goals of sustainable development and quality of city life. The operation control of service brake system and secondary brake system (the braking torque of traction electric motor) is realized with help of one pedal in the trolleybus. Thus, there are modes of the joint operation for these systems during the braking process. Authors focus on the development of rule-based algorithm for the blending control of traction electric motor and anti-lock braking system to enhance the overall braking efficiency of a vehicle. The mathematical model of the trolleybus braking dynamics was developed for this purpose. Test bench and ride tests on different road surfaces were carried out to determine the parameters of vehicle braking efficiency and to validate the developed mathematical model. The corresponding experimental data were used to analyse the efficiency of proposed rule-based strategy for the blending control of traction electric motor and anti-lock braking system of the trolleybus. As a result, the availability of proposed control algorithm is confirmed, which secures the required braking efficiency and provides a high braking stability of the vehicle.
To what extent is air freight affected by the Corona virus pandemic?
Authors: Bouali Soufyane , Douha Selma , Khadri Nadjib
Published: November 2020

Purpose of the paper aims to find out the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global air transport sector (passenger transport, air freight) during the first three months of 2020, and after analyzing the status of the global air transport market from January to March 2020, the study found that the CORONA pandemic has significantly affected this vital sector, where airlines suffered significant losses due to the cancellation of many flights and travel suspensions, in addition to the laying off of much employment and Some of them went bankrupt, while the volume of air freight decreased after global supply chains were shut down as a result of the closure of factories and limited only to the transportation of medical equipment and food supplies in some countries, and the repercussions of this pandemic are expected to be severe on the global economy in the coming years.
DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPETENCE MODEL OF ORGANIZATION PERSONNEL IN THE CONTEXT OF FORMING KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
Authors: Katargina N. A.
Published: November 2020

The article contains the results of an analysis of the problem of the formation of personnel competencies that are adequate to a modern understanding of the essence of the knowledge economy. The article outlines the main components of the knowledge economy, where the author considers the knowledge as a basis for the formation and stimulation of growth of "key" competencies for organizing. The features of the use of the competency-based approach in staff development are studied. The author has developed and analyzed a list of the most relevant competencies required by a modern manager. And also presents a model of competencies taking into account the characteristics of the knowledge economy. The significance of developing a competency model is substantiated and conclusions are drawn on the effectiveness of the proposed methodology as an innovative development tool for the organization of staff competencies and ensuring its competitive advantages on an intangible basis.
DISTRICTS, AREAS, MACROREGIONS
Authors: Tatarenko V. I. , Robinson B. V. , Usikova O. V.
Published: November 2020

The proposed article considers three variants of divisions of territories by their spatial location and administrative affiliation in Russia. It now exists 11 economic regions, 8 federal districts, and according to the Strategy for the Spatial Development of Russia up to 2025, planned to form new 12 macro-regions. Analyzed the similarities and differences, advantages and disadvantages of these options. Newly forming macro-regions are considered from the standpoint of the ranking of the subjects of the Federation of the Siberian and Far Eastern districts by investment attractiveness and risk factor of economic activity. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the various options for spatial division of the country have little effect on the state of the economy as a whole. In relation to Siberia, proposals are presented for the approach to the formation of such an administrative association of territories in order to optimize their economic development.
A hatalmi átalakulás globális megatrendje és a nemzetközi marketing
Authors: Rekettye Gábor
Published: November 2020

A nemzetközi marketing művelése a világgazdasági változások következtében gyors növekedésben van, és ebből következően jelentősége az elméletben, a kutatásban és az oktatásban is egyre nő. A tanulmány a nemzetközi kereskedelem jelenlegi és várható adatainak felhasználásával bizonyítja ezt a trendet. A nemzetközi kereskedelem, gyorsabban nő, mint a GDP előállítása, ehhez társul még az a tény, hogy egyre bővülnek az árumozgással nem járó piacralépési módok, amelyek szintén a nemzetközi marketing gyakorlatát teszik egyre fontosabbá. A nemzetközi marketing kulturális oldala kiemelt jelentőségre tesz majd szert. Ennek bizonyítására a tanulmány a hatalmi átalakulás globális megatrendjét elemzi. A gazdasági hatalom gyors ütemben vándorol a világgazdaságot eddig meghatározó régiókból keletre, elsősorban Kínába és Indiába. A magasabb gazdasági növekedés következtében ezen ország lakosságának egyre nagyobb hányada kerül a középosztályba és jelent egyre nagyobb piacokat az ottani és a nyugati vállalatok számára. Ezen növekvő piacok megdolgozása kulturális érzékenységet, a nemzetközi marketing egyre kifinomultabb eszközeinek alkalmazását követeli.
ANALYSIS OF MALE BEHAVIOR TOWARDS PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES AND RECOMMENDED BY PNAISH IN THE PERCEPTION OF NURSES
Authors: Queiroz Iasmin Belém Silva , Sousa Allex Sobral , Rangel Jéssica Freire , Sousa Luana Silva de , Carneiro José Almir de Sousa , Calazans Cecília Carla Barroso , Sousa Carmelita Maria Silva , Sousa Francisco Rafael Soares de , Luz Dayse Christina Rodrigues Pereira , Santana Willma José de
Published: November 2020

Abstract: In 2009, the Ministry of Health published the National Policy for Integral Attention to Men's Health (PNAISH). This policy calls for holistic attention and attentive to the singularities of health behaviors inherent to the male audience. However, the presence of men and the services offered are still meaningless when compared to other priority populations in Primary Care. To analyze male behavior in relation to primary health care services and recommended by PNAISH in the perception of Nurses. This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection took place through a semi-structured interview with Nurses of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the municipality of Itaitinga in the state of Ceará-Brazil. Data analysis was done based on Bardin (through coding) and the discussion in the light of the available literature. From the interviews conducted, two categories can be inferred from the light of the pertinent and updated literature: 1) Search, presence and access of men to the health service offered in Primary Care; 2) Factors involved in health care provided to the male population. These categories guided the understanding of how the reality of attention to men's health has been experienced. It is concluded that there are several obstacles that need to be overcome so that good practices in human health are feasible. For that, health practices and intersectoral and transdisciplinary discussions are needed to promote the singular approach and the individualized reception of men in health services. In order to develop together with the male population, the deconstruction of gender stereotypes that conceptualize them as invulnerable beings, provide open spaces to speak about their weaknesses and needs, having their demands welcomed and resolved, in order to approach and insert men in primary care services. Keyword: Nursing. Public policy. Men's Health.
The clinical significance of and prospects for the use of biopolymer-based microheterogeneous collagen-containing injectable hydrogel in the therapy of osteoarthritis
Authors: Dydykina I. S. , Arutyunova E. V. , Kovalenko P. S. , Zotkin E. G.
Published: November 2020

The paper gives the current definition of osteoarthritis (OA), which reflects the pathogenetic and clinical characteristics of this disease, as well as general principles for choosing an OA treatment. It describes the effect of glucosamine and chondroitin on the key pathogenetic mechanisms of OA. It is noted that one of the promising areas of therapy for OA is the intra-articular administration of biopolymer-based hydrogels that provide not only an anti-inflammatory, but also regenerative effect that has been experimentally confirmed during their injection into the tendon sheaths. There are data on the efficacy and safety of the Russian drug Sphero®gel, a biopolymer-based microheterogeneous collagen-containing hydrogel that belongs to a class of multicomponent biopolymer-based extracellular matrix mimetics. It consists of the cross-linked farm animal tissue-derived collagen microparticles placed in the gel base. The gel is not only a structural base for collagen microparticles; it also has its own therapeutic potential, since it is structurally similar to the natural extracellular matrix. The drug contains collagen, biologically active components of the extracellular matrix, such as proteoglycans, glycoproteins, uronic acids, growth factors, monosaccharides, and chondroitin sulfate. Extended-release symptomatic agents, Sphero®gel among them, are currently recommended for the treatment of OA. Application of Sphero®gel contributes to increased joint mobility and reduced pain, which allows the limited use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that cause adverse reactions, especially in the presence of comorbid diseases.
The problem of fatigue in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus according to the data on a Russian RENAISSANCE cohort
Authors: Aseeva E. A. , Solovyev S. K. , Nikishina N. Yu. , Koilubaeva G. M. , Lisitsyna T. A. , Nasonov E. L.
Published: November 2020

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Numerous observations and surveys of patients have shown that the most common symptom of SLE is fatigue complaints in 51 to 90% of patients.

Objective: to determine the significance of fatigue in the general health status of RENAISSANCE cohort patients with SLE who were hospitalized in the Clinic, V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.

Patients and methods. The investigation included SLE patients aged 18 years and older who met the 2012 SLICC criteria. The standard examination accepted in the management of patients with SLE was made. Disease activity was determined by SLEDAI-2K; irreversible lesions in various organs were identified using the SLICC damage index. The SF-36 and the LupusQoL questionnaires were used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and the FACIT-Fatigue scale was applied to measure fatigue.

Results and discussion. The investigation enrolled 328 patients, mainly women (91%); the mean age was 34.4±11.5 years; the duration of the disease was 106.3±97.9 months. In this group, moderate and high disease activities (SLEDAI-2K scores of 6–10 and 11–19, respectively) were observed at approximately the same frequency. At the time of inclusion, more than half (56.5%) of the patients already had various irreversible organ lesions. At Visit 1, the FACIT-Fatigue scale showed that fatigue was present in 148 (45%) of the 328 patients. According to the presence of fatigue, the patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 included 148 patients with fatigue; Group 2 consisted of 180 patients without fatigue. The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and anti-DNA antibody levels were significantly higher in the fatigue group (p=0.01 and p=0.02, respectively); the patients also had decreased HRQOL according to 7 LupusQol domains (p<0.001). The patients with fatigue were significantly more likely to receive intravenous glucocorticoids and rituximab. At 12 months after the start of treatment, the patients with fatigue were found to have a statistically significant reduction in disease activity, as well as normalization of anti-DNA antibody levels, improvements in HRQOL according to the LupusQol domains, and less severity of fatigue according to the FACIT-Fatigue scale.

Conclusion. Fatigue was detected in almost half (45–53%) of SLE patients. It is associated with a higher disease activity by SLEDAI-2K and with a high anti-DNA antibody level. The patients with fatigue are observed to have an obvious worsening of HRQOL according to all LupusQol domains.
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in complete blood cell count may be an available marker for active adult-onset Still's disease
Authors: Muravyev Yu. V. , Lebedeva V. V. , Glukhova S. I.
Published: November 2020

In clinical practice, acute-phase protein measurements during inflammation are usually used to monitor the activity and severity of adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD).

Objective: to study the possibility of using the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in complete blood cell count as a marker for the activity and severity of AOSD in clinical practice.

Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 48 patients (29 females and 19 males; mean age, 32.8±12.5 years) with active AOSD, who met the criteria devised by M. Yamaguchi et al. Along with standard clinical and laboratory parameters and systemic scores, NLR was calculated in complete blood cell count.

Results and discussion. There was a statistically significant correlation of NLR with the level of CRP (r=0.532), ferritin (r=0.43), ESR (r=0.40), and the systemic score reflecting the severity of the disease (r=0.449), which allows NLR to be regarded as a tool that is convenient to assess the activity and severity of AOSD in clinical practice.

Conclusion. The findings have shown the good sensitivity and specificity of NLR, which indicates the possibility of using the latter as an available marker for assessing the activity and severity of AOSD in clinical practice.
Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of systemic sclerosis. Part 1. Clinical aspects
Authors: Ovsyannikova O. B. , Ananyeva L. P. , Koneva O. A. , Garzanova L. A. , Shayakhmetova R. U. , Desinova O. V. , Starovoitova M. N. , Lila A. M.
Published: November 2020

Diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (SSc) characterized by an acute, rapidly progressive course and severe damage to the internal organs has an unfavorable prognosis, while the treatment of this often fatal type of the disease has not been sufficiently developed. This paper reviews an update on an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) procedure, transplantation stages, and conditioning modes in patients with SSc. It presents the characteristics of auto-HSCT studies conducted in 2005 to 2016. The inclusion and exclusion criteria used in these studies are described and their outcomes compared. The results of three randomized controlled trials concerning auto-HSCT are analyzed separately. These findings confirm that auto-HSCT is currently more effective than standard immunosuppressive therapy. Auto-HSCT produces better results that can provide a more favorable long-term prognosis of SSc; it can prevent worsening of organ damages and improve skin scores and lung function. Patients with early diffuse SSc, a rapidly progressive course, and poor prognostic factors in the first 4–5 years of the disease before the development of functional insufficiency of the vital organs can be considered most promising for auto-HSCT.
Rheumatic diseases and viral infection: is there an association?
Authors: Balabanova R. M.
Published: November 2020

Viral infections, hepatitis B and C and herpesvirus-induced infections in particular, are widespread in the population. Recent years have seen the emergence of new viral infections that were previously endemic. Understanding the role of viruses in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases (RDs) is of great importance. First, they cause the clinical manifestations characteristic of many RDs (systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, polymyositis, and Sjö gren's disease). The author discusses several possible mechanisms of the involvement of viruses in the development of autoimmune disorders: molecular mimicry; polyclonal B cell activation with overproduction of antibodies and immune complexes; T cell activation with cytokine overproduction. Secondly, viral infection can be reactivated during immunosuppressive therapy (also using biological agents), which is widely used to treat RDs. The review presents data on both the most common viruses (hepatitis B and C viruses, HIV, and human herpesviruses types 1–6) and more rare ones (chikungunya virus and polyomavirus) in the Russian population.
AVALIAÇÃO DA EFETIVIDADE DE PARTICIPAÇÕES EM PROGRAMAS DE ENSAIO DE PROFICIÊNCIA NO CONTROLE DA QUALIDADE DOS RESULTADOS ANALÍTICOS NA DETERMINAÇÃO DE METAIS E SEMIMETAIS EM ÁGUAS EM LABORATÓRIO DE SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: De Arauz Luciana Juncioni , Buzzo Márcia Liane , Mataveli Lidiane Raquel Verola , Tiglea Paulo
Published: November 2020

Programas de Ensaios de Proficiência (PEP) têm por finalidade a avaliação do desempenho de um laboratório, contra critérios preestabelecidos por meio de comparações interlaboratoriais, que são utilizados como ferramenta de avaliação externa na demonstração da confiabilidade analítica laboratorial, além de ser um dos requisitos para o processo de acreditação. Para laboratórios analíticos que atuam no controle da qualidade de produtos e serviços destinados ao consumo humano, a obtenção de resultados confiáveis é fundamental para a credibilidade e para a garantia da qualidade das suas funções. Os resultados emitidos pelos laboratórios são avaliados pelos Provedores de Ensaios de Proficiência por meio de métodos estatísticos (índice z, índice zeta, erro normalizado, entre outros) para verificar a eficácia de seus desempenhos. Este trabalho teve como meta avaliar a efetividade da participação do Núcleo de Contaminantes Inorgânicos (NCI) do Centro de Contaminantes do Instituto Adolfo Lutz em diferentes PEPs para metais e semimetais na matriz água, no período compreendido entre 2013 e 2018. Os resultados apresentados demonstraram a efetividade da melhoria contínua realizada na execução das análises pelo NCI e consequentemente o aumento da confiabilidade dos resultados analíticos. Este trabalho visa divulgar, incentivar e fornecer ferramentas aos laboratórios analíticos que atuam no controle da qualidade de produtos e serviços destinados à saúde pública, para auxiliar a implantação de medidas corretivas e preventivas, permitindo seu aprimoramento analítico contínuo.
Taking care of their positive online face? Reasons and strategy development
Authors: Loizidou Dora , Savlovska Dina
Published: November 2020

This paper examines a peer virtual exchange project between students at the University of Cyprus and the University of Latvia. The main purpose of this project is to develop intercultural awareness. Through telecollaborative tasks, students are asked to interact in a common discussion space around elements related to their cultural values. The aim of this paper is to discuss students’ strategies for these online exchanges. The hypothesis this paper seeks to examine is that students do not express themselves freely in the discussion forums in order to protect their personal and national image. We are thus interested in the public self-image of the students, known as ‘face’. Our findings identified politeness strategies and we are interested in the main reasons for their acts towards positive and/or negative face.
modelo optimizado para zapatas combinadas trapezoidales apoyadas sobre el terreno: Superficie óptima
Authors: LUEVANOS ROJAS ARNULFO , Pasillas Orona Alberto Isidro , López Chavarría Sandra , Medina Elizondo Manuel , Aguilera Mancilla Gabriel
Published: November 2020

Este documento muestra un modelo optimizado para zapatas combinadas trapezoidales apoyadas sobre el terreno que soportan una carga concentrada y momentos alrededor de los ejes X e Y en cada columna para obtener el área de la superficie mínima en planta. El modelo presentado en este documento considera un diagrama de presión que tiene una variación lineal. El modelo normalmente utilizado para obtener el área de la superficie de contacto sobre el terreno toma en cuenta las dimensiones propuestas de la zapata combinada de forma trapezoidal y, posteriormente, se verifican los esfuerzos en las esquinas por la ecuación de la flexión biaxial (estos esfuerzos deben ser mayor o igual que 0 y menor o igual que la capacidad de carga admisible disponible del terreno). Los resultados muestran que el modelo propuesto puede usarse para obtener el área óptima de zapatas combinadas trapezoidales y rectangulares con un lado restringido y dos líneas de propiedad de lados opuestos restringidos, así como para zapatas combinadas triangulares.
Effect of high temperature drying on seed longevity of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) accessions
Authors: Jones T.M. , Oyatomi O.A. , Akinyele B.O. , Odiyi A.C. , Abberton M.T. , Hay F.R.
Published: November 2020

In this paper, we considered the effects of different drying regimes on the subsequent longevity of Bambara groundnut seeds. Freshly harvested Bambara groundnut seeds from 27 genebank accessions were divided into five samples. One sample (control) was immediately dried at 17°C/15%
RH and the other samples were dried at 45°C/35% RH for up to eight days, before transfer to 17°C/15% RH. After drying, seed moisture content was raised to 10.9% before packing the seeds in aluminium foil packets and placing at 45°C. Samples were removed at regular intervals for
germination tests to compare seed longevity. Initial drying at the higher temperature resulted in a faster reduction in seed moisture content. The effect of the different drying regimes on subsequent longevity was not significant for most accessions. Nonetheless, the seed longevity of smaller-seeded
accessions was perhaps enhanced by initial drying at a higher temperature; in contrast, initial drying at 17°C appeared to be the best drying treatment for larger-seeded accessions. Overall, the results suggest that initial drying at a higher temperature was beneficial for reducing processing
time and for some accessions would be beneficial for seed longevity, but further work is required to understand for which seed lots.
First record of the rarely collected ant Protanilla gengma Xu, 2012 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Leptanillinae) from the Indian subcontinent
Authors: Aswaj Punnath , Anoop Karunakaran , Priyadarsanan Dharma Rajan
Published: November 2020

Protanilla gengma Xu, 2012 is recorded for the first time from the Indian subcontinent. This rarely collected ant species was previously known only from Yunnan Province, China. Two workers of P. gengma were collected from the Lengteng Wildlife Sanctuary, Mizoram, Northeast India, using the Winkler extraction method. This find also represents the first record of the subfamily Leptanillinae from Northeast India and the third species of the genus Protanilla Taylor, 1990 from India. We present an updated distribution map for the genus and comment on morphological variation of the worker caste of P. gengma.
Filling distribution gaps: first record of the Western Amazonian Dwarf Porcupine, Coendou ichillus Voss & Da Silva, 2001 (Mammalia, Rodentia), in the Napo Moist Forests ecoregion of Colombia
Authors: Ramírez-Chaves Héctor E. , Caranton-Ayala Diego , Morales-Martínez Darwin M. , Rosero Edilson
Published: November 2020

The Western Amazonian Dwarf Porcupine, Coendou ichillus Voss & Da Silva, 2001, is poorly known in South America. The species is known only from eight localities in the Amazon and Orinoquia regions of Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. In Colombia, it is known from one locality in the Orinoquía region, based on a specimen collected in 1956. We present a new distribution record which adds information about the presence of C. ichillus in the Napo Moist Forests ecoregion, in the Department of Putumayo, Amazon region of Colombia. We suggest that C. ichillus is more widely distributed in the Amazon region of the country. However, based on the number of known records to date, C. ichillus is the rarest species of porcupine.
Clinical diagnosis in patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies
Authors: Herreros Fernández-Arroyo P. , Urra-Ardanaz J. M.
Published: November 2020

Objective: To know the relationship between the presence of three antiphospholipid antibodies: lupus anticoagulant and the anticardiolipin of isotypes IgM and IgG with the development of thrombotic events and alterations in coagulation and also, study the clinical environment in which those antibodies appear.
Material and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study in which we have analyzed retrospectively, in 123 patients with positive results for at least one of the antiphospholipid antibodies under study, their alterations in coagulation, if they suffer or have suffered any thrombotic event and the clinical environment in which these antibodies appear and.
Results: 52,1% of patients with positive lupus anticoagulant have some type of abnormality in coagulation tests, compared with 43,75% of patients with anticardiolipin of isotype IgG and 24,64% of patients with anticardiolipin of isotypes IgM. The most frequent antibody in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome is anticardiolipin of isotypes IgM, which appears in 75%, while in the case of patients with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome due to erythematosus systemic lupus, the most frequent antibody is anticardiolipin of isotypes IgG, which is detected in 46,7%. Among the patients who suffered thrombotic event, in 45,94% anticardiolipin of isotypes IgM was detected, compared with 43,24% with lupus anticoagulant, and only 16,22% with anticardiolipin of isotype IgG.
Conclusions: The antiphospholipid antibodies that alters coagulation tests to a greater extent is the lupus anticoagulant. Anticardiolipin of isotype IgM antibodies are the most frequent in primary antiphospholipid syndrome while anticardiolipin of isotype IgG are associated in a greater degree with secondary antiphospholipid syndrome, especially in patients with erythematosus systemic lupus. Anticardiolipin of isotype IgM antibodies represent a higher risk of thrombotic events in patients with positive antiphospholipid antibodies.
A Transitional Year Level to Higher Education: Challenges, Experiences and Self-regulatory Strategies during the Final Year of the University Preparatory Level
Authors: Panadero Ernesto , García-Pérez Daniel , Fernández-Ruiz Javier , Sánchez-Centeno Héctor
Published: November 2020

Final Year level of the University Preparatory cycle (FYUP) –in Spanish 2º Bachillerato– is one of the most challenging academic courses. It is extremely demanding academically in itself and by the end of it students must also pass the university entry exam. Yet research has not investigated how students experience this year. We thus explored, using in-depth interviews with 75 students from two public high schools, their attitudes toward this academic year. Our results showed that (a) the participants struggled greatly during FYUP, experiencing high levels of academic stress (that affects their general well-being, mostly because of the high academic demands); (b) students were looking forward to their university experience but were concerned about failing or not finding their place; and (c) they reported a narrow range of learning, motivational, and emotional strategies. This study shows that students face significant learning and academic challenges during FYUP. A clear educational implication is that interventions should be implemented in earlier years to help the students be better prepared.
Efecto del trabajo cooperativo en el aprendizaje de la escritura mediante la implicación familiar
Authors: Gutiérrez-Fresneda Raul , Jiménez-Pérez Elena , De-Vicente-Yagüe-Jara Isabel-María
Published: November 2020

Se sabe que determinadas habilidades como la riqueza léxica, el procesamiento fonológico, el conocimiento alfabético y la velocidad de denominación son precursores importantes del aprendizaje de la escritura en las primeras edades, ya que muestran una alta correlación con el aprendizaje inicial del lenguaje escrito. Sin embargo, no se encuentran trabajos orientados a analizar el impacto que el desarrollo de estas habilidades presenta en el proceso de adquisición de la escritura mediante la participación familiar. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el efecto que la intervención de un programa centrado en el desarrollo de las habilidades favorecedoras del aprendizaje de la escritura mediante la implicación familiar a través de la organización de grupos cooperativos presenta en el aprendizaje de la escritura en las primeras edades. Se empleó un diseño cuasi-experimental de comparación entre grupos con medidas pretest y postest. En el estudio han participado 386 alumnos con edades comprendidas entre los 5 y los 6 años. Los resultados apoyan la efi cacia de la colaboración de las familias en el acceso al sistema de la escritura. Se sugiere la implementación de modelos de enseñanza que integren el desarrollo de las habilidades facilitadoras del aprendizaje de la escritura a través de dinámicas cooperativas en las que se fomente la participación familiar.
Medical Culture of Volga Protestant Communities (Second Half of 18th – Early 20th Centuries): Religious and Ethical Aspects
Authors: Kitsenko Olga , Kitsenko Roman , Cheremushnikova Irina
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The authors proceed from the understanding that medical culture is a complex of factors contributing to the preservation of health, and these positions analyze the culture of the German Protestant communities (Lutherans, Hernguthers, Mennonites) inhabiting the Povolzhye (Volga region) in the second half of 18th – early 20th centuries. The study of cultural contexts of health, including religious ethical norms, is key to analyzing health and well-being of a population.

Methods and materials. Materials for the study were statutes of Protestant communities, data of zemstvo medical statistics, publications in central and local periodicals, as well as eyewitness accounts of visitors of German colonies. The comparison of ethical standards contained in the statutes and recorded by witnesses with data on morbidity and mortality allow us to estimate the role of religious and ethical views in the medical culture of Volga Protestants.

Analysis and results. The authors have found that the conditions for maintaining health in German colonies, including the availability of high-quality medical care, were directly related to the labour ethics of Protestantism and the high level of dwellers welfare. Labour ethics determined importance to keep fit, influenced nutritional culture and the perception of medical care. The total literacy of colonists contributed to the spread of advanced medical practices among them (for example, vaccination). Protestant virtues of diligence and order became the basis for the development of hygienic skills – an important factor in the prevention of infectious diseases. The ideals of marital fidelity and family values promoted health maintenance. Self-government characteristic of Protestant communities made it possible to quickly respond to the challenges posed by threats to health.
God, King, Fatherland – and Elections. The Introduction of the Municipal Self-Government in Prussia in 1808 Seen Through the Perspective of the Protestant Sermon
Authors: Sterkhov Dmitrii
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The current study focuses on a number of sermons preached by the Prussian Protestant ministers on the occasion of the first municipal elections in Prussia in 1809–1810. The paper seeks to show that the Prussian Protestant clergy supported the introduction of the municipal self-government and inspired the population to take part in elections.

Methods. The paper presents a case study dealing with the problem of the interaction between religious and political spheres in the early nineteenth century. This gives rise to the interdisciplinary approach adoptedin the current study.

Analysis. Prussian Protestant preachers combined religious symbols with liberal vocabulary advancing the thesis that a good Christian is an honest citizen. The sermons abounded in such terms as “public spirit”, “civic responsibility” or “love of the Fatherland”. God was directly involved in the earthly politics since the municipal self-government was regarded as a divine gift from heaven. The Holy Spirit was thought to be present at municipal elections watching over the minds and the hearts of citizens. Prussian Monarch Frederick William III was stylized in the sermons as a typical “citizen King” who respected the rights of his subjects. The Prussian Kingdom was imagined as a big family with the King as the Father of the nation, the Prussians being his grown-up children. The introduction of the municipal self-government was thus described as “coming of age” of the Prussian people.

Conclusion. The case study of the Protestant clergy supporting the liberal reforms conducted by the Prussian government proves that modernization did not always mean secularization.
Financiamento do SUS e Covid-19: histórico, participações federativas e respostas à pandemia
Authors: Mendes Santos Servo Luciana , Borges dos Santos Maria Angélica , Sulpino Vieira Fabiola , Pucci de Sá e Benevides Rodrigo
Published: November 2020

Esse ensaio discute o financiamento do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em perspectiva histórica e futura, considerando os desafios sanitários e econômicos impostos pela pandemia de Covid-19. Como sempre e mais do que nunca, precisamos discuti-lo. Essa necessidade cresce em premência a partir da recessão econômica que o país viveu em 2015 e 2016, pela estagnação da economia nos anos seguintes e pela recessão que já surge no segundo trimestre de 2020 com previsão de aprofundar-se nos próximos anos. A pandemia acontece em um contexto de redução da participação federal no financiamento, pouco espaço para estados ampliarem suas fontes de financiamento e problemas de coordenação entre os entes federativos. No caso do financiamento das ações e serviços públicos de saúde (ASPS) para enfrentamento à pandemia, argumentamos nesse texto, que ele passa necessariamente pela ampliação dos recursos alocados ao SUS, com grande dependência da atuação do governo federal. Contudo, nem com a urgência que demanda a pandemia houve rapidez na liberação e execução dos novos recursos aprovados pelo Congresso Nacional. Concluímos que as perspectivas não apontam para uma priorização do SUS e ampliação do seu financiamento no período pós-pandêmico.
Oxygenated Transport Fuels from Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Styring Peter , Dowson George R. M.
Published: November 2020

The restructuring of the economy post-COVID-19 coupled to the drive towards Net Zero carbon dioxide emissions means we must rethink the way we use transport fuels. Fossil-carbon based fuels are ubiquitous in the transport sector, however there are alternative synthetic fuels that could be used as drop-in or replacement fuels. The main hurdles to achieving a transition to synthetic fuels are the limited availability of low-cost carbon dioxide at an appropriate purity, the availability of renewable hydrogen and, in the case of hydrocarbons, catalysts that are selective for small and particular chain lengths. In this paper we will consider some of the alternative fuels and methods that could reduce cost, both economically and environmentally. We recommend that increased effort in the rapid development of these fuels should be a priority in order to accelerate the possibility of achieving Net Zero without costly infrastructure changes. As ground transportation offers a more straightforward approach legislatively, we will look at oxygenated organic fuels as an alternative drop-in replacement for hydrocarbons.
Implications of COVID-19 for resumption of sport in South Africa: A South African Sports Medicine Association (SASMA) position statement – Part 2
Authors: Ramagole Dimakatso , Janse van Rensburg Dina Christa , Pillay Lervason , Patricios Jon , Viviers Pierre , Zondi Phathokuhle
Published: November 2020

The lockdown regulations due to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) that broke out towards the end of 2019 and continued to spread throughout most countries in the world had a negative effect on the sporting community. The South African government eased the lockdown rules to Level 1 from 21 September 2020. In Part 2 of this Position Statement of the South African Sports Medicine Association (SASMA), the authors address the position regarding the safe return to sports for athletes who were infected by the virus. An update on clinical manifestations and multi-organ involvement, testing for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), prolonged positive real time polymerase chain reaction (RT- PCR) and the role of quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in informing return to sports, grading of disease severity, individualised management of infected athletes and graduated return to play guidelines (GRTP) is provided. The authors also share thoughts on athletes with disabilities, immunisation, the using of masks during exercise and utilising biologically safe environments (BSE). Finally the SASMA Guidelines for Safe RTP in Level 1 lockdown during SARS-Cov-2 are introduced.
Application of plant extracts and Trichoderma harzianum for the management of tomato seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: Hlokwe Mapula T.P. , Kena Mapotso , Mamphiswana David N.
Published: November 2020

Seedling production under smallholder farming systems can be negatively affected by both abiotic and biotic factors. Seedling damping-off caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the major biotic factors which causes significant yield reduction. Management is mainly based on the application of synthetic fungicides and cultural practices. However, both methods have limitations which result in their inefficiency. Several studies have reported on the use of plant extracts and biological control to manage plant diseases. The aim of this study was to formulate an effective and practical approach to manage tomato seedling damping-off using extracts of Monsonia burkeana and Moringa oleifera and a biological control agent Trichoderma harzianum. The efficacy of both extracts was investigated under laboratory conditions to determine the most suppressive concentration to R. solani growth. Methanolic extracts from both plants significantly suppressed pathogen growth at different concentrations. M. burkeana significantly reduced R. solani growth at 8 g/mL (71%) relative to control whilst Moringa oleifera extract reduced pathogen growth by 60% at a concentration of 6 g/mL. The highest suppressive concentrations were further evaluated under greenhouse conditions to test their efficacy on seedling damping-off. In damping-off treatments, both plant extracts and T. harzianum also significantly reduced (p=0.5) pre- and post-emergence damping-off incidence. M. burkeana recorded the highest suppression at 78%, followed by M. oleifera at 64%. Trichoderma harzianum reduced incidence of damping-off by 60% and this was higher than both plant extract treatments.
Significance:

The use of M. burkeana and M. oleifera extracts and T. harzianum effectively suppressed pathogen growth and disease incidence and can be used to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides that are harmful to the environment and human health.
Application of plant extracts and biological control agents as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides is considered a sustainable and affordable practice for smallholder farmers.
Donner naissance à Madagascar. Articulation des recours « traditionnels » et biomédicaux autour de la naissance
Authors: Pourette Dolorès , Rakotomalala Olivier , Mattern Chiarella
Published: November 2020

Cet article s’appuie sur des terrains ethnographiques menés dans le cadre du programme de recherche « Risques et enjeux sociaux de la reproduction à Madagascar », financé par l’Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et l’Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, en collaboration avec l’Université Catholique de Madagascar. Ce programme de recherche visait à comprendre les modalités de recours aux soins biomédicaux et traditionnels pour le suivi de la grossesse et la prise en charge de l’accouchement.
La troisième dimension de la médecine. La dimension spirituelle
Authors: Depeursinge Florence
Published: November 2020

En 1940, Paul Tournier pressent que la médecine s’adresse à l’humain dans sa totalité : physique, psychosociale et spirituelle, alors que la science n’en voit que les morceaux. La qualité de la rencontre médecin-malade est en jeu : elle dépend du regard posé sur l’autre considéré « du point de vue de Dieu ». A partir de cette rencontre, le malade peut prendre ses responsabilités dans la manière de répondre à l’épreuve de la maladie et peut-être lui donner un sens.
THE EFFECT OF RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION AND NITROGEN APPLICATION ON VARIOUS AGRONOMICAL AND QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF PEANUT GROWN AS A MAIN CROP
Authors: AŞIK Ferrin Ferda , ARIOĞLU Halis
Published: November 2020

This study was conducted at the Applying and Research Area of Field Crops Department, Faculty of Agricultural, Cukurova University in 2015 and 2016. The experimental design was a randomized block design. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and bacteria inoculation on some agronomic and quality characteristics of Halisbey peanut cultivar. In this study, seven (0, 40, 80, 120, 160, 200 and 240 kg ha-1) different nitrogen doses and Rhizobium bacteria were used. As a result of study, the pod yield varied between 4702-6009 kg ha-1. The highest pod yield was obtained from 200 kg ha-1 (6009 kg ha-1) nitrogen and 200 kg ha-1 nitrogen + bacteria (6001 kg ha-1) applied plots. The lowest pod yield (4702 kg ha-1) was obtained from control plots (without N and B). Pod number per plant, pod weight per plant, 100 pod weight, protein, oil ratio and pod yield per ha were affected by the160 and 200 kg ha-1 nitrogen applications. Also, the highest protein ratio was obtained from the 240 kg ha-1 nitrogen and bacteria inoculation.
COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR DRY MATTER CONTENT DETERMINATION IN POTATO USING MULTI-ENVIRONMENTS FIELD DATA AND STABILITY STATISTICS
Authors: NAEEM Muhammad , CALİSKAN Mehmet
Published: November 2020

The aim of current study was to compare the standard methods for the determination tuber dry matter content (TDM) of diverse potato genotypes under various environmental conditions. Moreover, stability statistics were performed to identify stable genotypes with optimum TDM. TDM is considered as the main determinant of processed potato tuber quality. So, it is imperative to investigate rapid, practicable and reliable methods to measure TDM. A study was therefore, planned to compare three standard methods (Martin Lishman’s digital Potato hydrometer, moisture-drying on quartz seasand and oven-dry) for the determination of TDM among 189 diverse potato genotypes, grown under three environmental conditions (Hatay “standard water application”, Konya “standard water application” and Konya “drought” conditions), during the year 2018. ANOVA revealed highly significant differences (p<0.01) in all treatments among tests, checks and tests vs check genotypes. Environmental conditions significantly affect the TDM, while methods showed differential response within the tested environments. A strong correlation and high goodness of fit was observed between seasand and hydrometer methods. Oven-dry method showed weak “r” and R2 values with latter two methods. Wide applicability and reliability of seasand and hydrometer methods was also confirmed by stability analysis. Parametric stability methods such as bi and S2di identified stable genotypes that can serve as a useful resource for breeding of processing cultivars.
APLICANDO TÉCNICAS DE ELICITAÇÃO DE REQUISITOS PARA A CONCEPÇÃO DE UM SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÃO: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Costa Yandson de Jesus Saraiva , Estrela Igor Rafael Barbosa , Gomes Micael Machado , Dos Santos Davi Viana , Cabrejos Luis Jorge Enrique Rivero
Published: November 2020

Técnicas de elicitação de requisitos são aplicadas para identificar as necessidades dos diferentes stakeholders no desenvolvimento de software. No entanto, engenheiros de software novatos encontram dificuldades ao aplicar estas técnicas na prática. Este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência sobre a combinação de técnicas de elicitação de requisitos e uma análise de opiniões dos alunos que aplicaram estas técnicas em um projeto real. Os resultados indicam: a aceitação da atividade formadora durante a disciplina; que os alunos se sentiram motivados a pesquisar mais sobre as técnicas para escolher a mais apropriada ao contexto do problema sugerido; e que mais material de apoio é necessário para ajudar na replicação das técnicas.