bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELASI MAKAM, PESANTREN, DAN PEDAGANG: Pengaruh Ziarah Terhadap Pendidikan dan Ekonomi di Kajen Kabupaten Pati
Authors: Romdhoni Ali
Published: January 2017

Praktik ziarah ke makam-makam tokoh terkenal telah menjadi tradisi yang populer di Indonesia, khususnya Jawa. Salah satu lokasi  yang cukup ramai dikunjungi peziarah adalah situs Makam Syeh Mutamakin (1645-1740) di Desa Kajen Kecamatan Margoyoso Kabupaten Pati Jawa Tengah. Penelitian melalui pendekatan kualitatif ini bermaksud mengungkapkan pengaruh keberadaan makam Syeh Mutamakin sebagai tempat berziarah terhadap kehidupan ekonomi dan perkembangan pendidikan, khususnya pesantren di Desa Kajen, Margoyoso. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi ziarah ke makam Syeh Mutamakin mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi kerakyatan, terutama pedagang di lingkungan makam. Sejarah kealiman Syeh Mutamakin dalam bidang agama dan pengaruhnya di lingkungan Kajen Margoyoso juga mendorong kelestarian bahkan pertumbuhan pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan tradisional Islam.

Kata kunci: ziarah, Syeh Mutamakin, ekonomi, pendidikan.
PERGESERAN MITOS DI TENGAH-TENGAH PERUBAHAN SOSIAL: Mitologi Goa Kiskendo dan Dusun Betetor di Kabupaten Kendal
Authors: Taruna Mulyani Mudis
Published: January 2017

The title of this research is Shifting the Myth in the Middle of Social Change focused in Gua Kiskendo and Betetor Hamlet Kendal Regency, Central Java. Problems in the study were 1) How the story structure of the origins of Myth, 2) How the myth influence on the lives of the surrounding communities, and 3) Whether there was a shifting myth in Kiskendo Cave and Betetor Hamlet Kendal Regency, Central Java. This study is a qualitative research with phenomenological approach. Data obtained through in-depth interviews and observation techniques. Data analysis was carried out simultaneously with data recording field, and after returning from the field by
using descriptive analysis. The process of analysis is done by grouping the data and perform analysis of the relationships between the data. The results showed that; 1) The original myth structure that happened in Kiskendo Cave not based on a story with a clear storyline. While the myth is in the Betetor Hamlet based on the story from “Kiai Rujak Beling Sabuk Alu” who chased
the Dutch army and go into Betetor Hamlet, 2) The life of the community around the Kiskendo Cave not affected by the myth that developed, especially the myth that causes government officials dared not enter the village area. This is in contrast with the state of the community Betetor
Hamlet who is aware of the myths that developed and the consequences of these myths, then the government apparatus (army, police, and civil servants) no one dared to enter the territory of the village. 3) The community culture of Guwa Hamlet Trayu village not change as a result of a myth Kiskendo Cave that going. Unlike the case with the state of society Betetor Hamlet Tabet village of Limbangan Subdistrict, who feel that the myth is growing and expanding, which initially only the army and police did not dare enter the region, has now developed to the civil servants.
Spiritual Guidance for Jemaah of Santri Luwung
Authors: Rachmadhani Arnis
Published: January 2017

This qualitative research is about the phenomenon of contemporary religious life marked by the emergence of new religious movements. This religious phenomenon pared in three ways data collection techniques are observation, interview, and documentation which is analyzed with an interactive analysis model. Pasujudan Santri Luwung Padepokan Bumi Arum is growing rapidly in the regency of Sragen, the province of Central Java, when explored in depth, their teaching is kejawen meeting with Islam. This teaching as a new religious movement phenomenon, able to give a touch of social reality for member of Santri Luwung through spiritual guidance in a wide range of religious activities, namely in da’wah programs, social, educational, health, economics, and the arts.
People Chaos Due to Functional Shift of Home Resident Into House of Worship
Authors: Mawardi Marmiati
Published: January 2017

The use of a dwelling house as a place for public worship/church has been created conflict among believers. This happened in a village called Ngawen, Mangunsari, Salatiga. This study aims to explore the triggering factors of conflict between the Muslim community and the board of Gereja Kristen Injili Nusantara (GKIN) “Kawanan Domba”. This research uses a qualitative pproaach. Data was gathered using a Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Findings of this study show that such house was built based on the IMB of dwelling place; the board of church has no temporary authorization to use that house as a place of worship. The community objects and indisposed for the existence of a church due to various reasons. This almost leads a physical conflict. The government officers mediate two conflicting parties to meet and resolve the problem. This meeting made an agreement between them that the activities of the church were stopped. But in reality, the church still conducted some activities
Zoonoses affecting poultry: the case of Campylobacter
Authors:   Swansea University, UK, Humphrey Tom J. , Williams Lisa K. ,   Swansea University, UK
Published: January 2017

Campylobacter has been associated with poultry for many years. It is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne illness in developed countries, with C. jejuni and C. coli being identified in most cases in humans. These two species are also found in poultry. Campylobacter is ideally suited to the poultry niche, and can grow at the higher body temperature (42C) of birds. Campylobacter has been shown to have a negative effect on the health and welfare of the birds; evidence of host adaptation and host-specific species leads us to believe that Campylobacter is more than a commensal of chickens.
Inspection techniques for poultry slaughterhouse operations: the case of the European Union
Authors:   University of Helsinki, Finland, Lundén Janne
Published: January 2017

Poultry slaughter includes complex and challenging operations from a food safety point of view. The food business operator (FBO) is responsible for identifying food safety risks and ensuring that food safety legislation is followed. This chapter considers the goals and prerequisites of successful food safety inspections, and then offers a detailed review of inspection techniques used in official control of poultry slaughterhouses, with a focus on the on-site inspection of facilities and operations. Common non-compliance issues are described, followed by discussion of the efficacy of control actions used by official veterinarians.
Ensuring safety in chilling and freezing of poultry meat
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Mexico, Alarcon-Rojo Alma Delia , Renteria-Monterrubio Ana Luisa ,   Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Mexico
Published: January 2017

"Poultry is the most traded meat worldwide, and its consumption has increased almost continuously since 1965. In order to achieve sustainable production, the poultry industry must continue to develop its methods and technologies, and in doing so must take into account the standards of safety required by consumers. This chapter presents a review of safety practices and potential risks associated with chilling and freezing of poultry meat. It covers relevant research on the improvement of poultry safety during chill processing, post-slaughter handling risks and procedures, and the most important poultry pathogens and their control.
Antimicrobial and bond strength properties of a dental adhesive containing zinc oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Saffarpour Mahshid , Rahmani Marjan , Tahriri Mohammadreza , Peymani Amir
Published: January 2017

Aim: To assess the effect of adding zinc oxide nanoparticles to dental adhesives on their anti-microbial and bond strength properties. Methods: 45 human premolars were cut at the cement enamel junction (CEJ) and the crowns were sliced into buccal and lingual halves. The specimens were classified into three groups, etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 s and rinsed for 30 s. Single Bond, Single Bond+5% zinc oxide and Single Bond+10% zinc oxide were used in the first, second and third groups. A cylinder of Z250 composite was bonded and cured for 40 s. For anti-bacterial testing, 10 samples of each group were assessed by direct contact test; 10 μL of bacterial suspension was transferred into tubes containing adhesives and incubated for one hour; 300 μL of brain heart infusion (BHI) broth was added to each tube and after 12 h, 50 μL of bacteria and broth were spread on blood agar plates and incubated for 24 h. Results: The colony count decreased significantly in the second and third groups compared to the first. Conclusions: Incorporation of zinc oxide nanoparticles into dental adhesives increases their anti-microbial properties without affecting their bond strength.
Does social vulnerability for caries predict caries status of children in sub-urban Nigeria?
Authors: Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin , Arije Olujide Olusesan
Published: January 2017

It is important to identify groups of people vulnerable to a disease condition. Aim: To determine the association between social vulnerability to caries and caries status of children in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: A composite vulnerability index for caries was developed using data generated for 992 children. Wilks’ Lambda test to verify relationship between vulnerability and its variables. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine if the social vulnerability for caries index was a good predictor for caries status. Results: The social vulnerability to caries index could not predict caries status. The study found that sex, age and number of siblings were the significant predictors of caries status in the study population. Females (AOR: 1.63; 95%CI: 1.08 – 2.46; p=0.02) and children with more than two siblings had higher odds of having caries (AOR: 2.61; 95%CI: 1.61 – 4.24; p<0.001) while children below 5 years had lower odds of having caries (AOR: 0.62; 95%CI: 0.39 – 1.00; p=0.05) Conclusions: The social vulnerability index for caries could not predict the caries status of children in the study population. Sensitive tools to identify children with caries in the study population should be developed.
Desafios da formação universitária: Pensar a prática sob ontologia materialista
Authors: Peixoto Elza Margarida de Mendonça
Published: January 2017

Perguntando pelo sentido da prática que deve orientar a formação científica de trabalhadores de educação, o artigo traz a defesa da posição de que a prática pré-profissional na formação universitária de trabalhadores da educação deve estar orientada pela ontologia e gnosiologia materialista e dialética, relatando-se estudo teórico que orienta proposta curricular em andamento na Universidade Federal da Bahia (Salvador) dirigida ao aperfeiçoamento e à transformação da formação universitária de professores de educação física.
Assentamento Mário Lago: espaço de formação política, qualificação técnica e educação escolar
Authors: Cassin Marcos , Nalli Laura
Published: January 2017

Esse artigo se propõe a apresentar a discussão sobre os assentamentos rurais como novo elemento na estrutura fundiária do Brasil e como resultado de uma política assistencialista do Estado aos excluídos da Reforma Agrária, bem como espaço de reprodução da força de trabalho de um exército de reserva de mão de obra a ser empregado sazonalmente, geralmente de forma precarizada. Contraditoriamente os assentamentos rurais se constituem, potencialmente, em locais alternativos de moradia, trabalho e socialização como também espaços de formação política, qualificação técnica agrícola e educação escolar. Esse último aspecto, formação, qualificação e educação é objeto de análise apresentado nesse texto, para tanto, delimitamos o assentamento Mário Lago, organizado pelo Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), localizado no município de Ribeirão Preto. Desta forma, tal artigo apresenta em sua introdução o problema da Questão Agrária e Reforma Agrária no Brasil, seguido de um breve percurso da história do MST a partir de seus Congressos. Na sequência é apresenta a história, a organização e os espaços de formação política, qualificação técnica e educação escolar do referido assentamento. Após essa contextualização, é apontado a necessidade de se aprofundar os estudos e análises acerca da reestruturação produtiva no campo no final do século XX e início do XXI; a tese que a Reforma Agrária foi realizada pelo regime civil-militar de 1964-1985 consolidando a Revolução Burguesa no Brasil; dos assentamentos rurais enquanto política compensatória aos excluídos da Reforma Agrária e locais de produção de subsistência e exército de reserva de força de trabalho sazonal e precarizada.
A formação do professor e suas implicações na educação do ser social
Authors: Lima Sonia Ribeiro , Batista Eraldo Leme
Published: January 2017

Este artigo científico tem como objetivo analisar a formação do professor no atual período histórico e as suas implicações para o processo de ensino-aprendizagem. As ênfases nas reflexões direcionam-se especialmente à formação de professores, por entender que estes, de posse de um pensamento crítico – um elo entre o conhecimento espontâneo e o conhecimento científico, tendo na escola pública o local mais propício para a transmissão deste saber –, são capazes de contribuir para a formação de seres sociais críticos e ativos na sociedade. Os pressupostos desses questionamentos estão baseados na teoria histórico-cultural, partindo-se de seus fundamentos filosóficos, históricos e sociológicos, na qual o indivíduo se humaniza a partir das suas interações sociais. Somando-se à teoria histórico-cultural, a Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica, no contexto educacional, tem como objetivo contribuir para as relações sociais e seu processo de transformação. Como metodologia, utilizou-se de pesquisa bibliográfica e do diálogo com autores que se situam na perspectiva crítica da educação, dentre os quais estão Dermeval Saviani (1983 e 2008), Marilda Gonçalves Dias Facci (2004) e Neidson Rodrigues (1983).
“Associação Brasileira de Educação” e a inserção da psicanálise no campo educacional: Julio Porto-Carrero, Pedro Deodato de Moraes e Renato Jardim (1927-1931)
Authors: Castro Rafael Dias
Published: January 2017

Apresentamos neste artigo a tentativa de institucionalização da psicanálise no meio educacional, através das iniciativas do psiquiatra Julio Porto-Carrero e do educador Deodato de Moraes junto à “Associação Brasileira de Educação”. Trazemos também, junto a esse debate, as críticas realizadas pelo educador paulista Renato Jardim com relação a essa inserção da psicanálise no meio educacional.
Investimento social privado em educação: desmonte do caráter público da educação
Authors: Motta Vania Cardoso
Published: January 2017

Este artigo apresenta, sinteticamente, os resultados parciais de pesquisa sobre a questão do investimento social privado em educação. Situada no âmbito dos debates sobre trabalho-educação, a análise tomou como referência a teoria social crítica,  à luz da  “Lei geral da acumulação do capital”, tendo em vista os segmentos da superpopulação relativa, da dinâmica de correlação de forças que insere o processo pedagógico de hegemonia, em seu conteúdo e forma, e como se estabelece a união pessoal neste bloco de poder. Indica que a abordagem dos setores empresariais em relação à educação está relacionada ao aumento da produtividade e à possibilidade de explorar o mercado de consumo de serviços em educação; como também, enfatiza o enfrentamento da “questão social”. Diante da presença organizada do setor empresarial nos últimos encaminhamentos de políticas públicas da educação brasileira e da forma privatista de intervenção nas redes públicas de educação básica e em aparelhos do Estado, nossa hipótese é que está em curso o desmonte do caráter público de educação.
Um militante pernambucano na Europa Ultramontana: Odilon Alves Pedrosa e o missionarismo intelectual católico (1926-1927)
Authors: Silva Ramsés Nunes e , Afonso José António Martin Moreno
Published: January 2017

A parcela de engajamento político, que configurou a ação da Igreja Católica, na transição entre os séculos XIX e XX, possui suas raízes fincadas no “chamamento à missão”. Dispositivo engajamento que “alistava” jovens, internados nas centenas de seminários, espalhados pelo mundo católico. Estes últimos, a se considerarem francamente ameaçados pelo cientificismo, e pelos seus desdobramentos, na esfera da instrução. Este artigo, se dedica a refletir sobre a trajetória de Odilon Alves Pedrosa, padre e intelectual, engajado nas querelas discursivas dos anos 1920. Particularmente, na análise de seu engajamento, nas querelas pela “reconquista de espaço da instrução católica”, em Pernambuco e Paraíba. Trajetória marcante, posto que encerra os signos de uma militância urdida, como muitos antes dele, no Pontifício Colégio Pio Latino Americano, em Roma, e levada consigo ao Brasil. Para tanto, nos utilizamos do mapeamento de suas leituras, viagens e produção literária, vivenciadas nos dois lados do Atlântico.
O discurso oficial de educação para o exercício da cidadania e o papel do ensino de sociologia
Authors: Melo Valci
Published: January 2017

O presente estudo analisa o discurso oficial acerca da “formação para o exercício da cidadania” e os sentidos atribuídos ao ensino da Sociologia neste processo. Para tal, investiga-se, à luz da Análise do Discurso filiada ao filósofo francês Michel Pêcheux (1938-1983), os “efeitos de sentidos” materializados em documentos como a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDB 9.394/96), as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (DCNEM) de 1998 e de 2012, os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais para o Ensino Médio (PCNEM) de 1999 e as Orientações Curriculares para o Ensino Médio, Conhecimentos de Sociologia (OCEM-Sociologia) de 2006. Ao longo do estudo, demonstra-se a afinidade entre o discurso oficial de “preparação para o exercício da cidadania” – finalidade junto à qual o ensino de Sociologia é chamado a atuar – e a defesa da sociedade capitalista como a única alternativa societária viável. Por fim, conclui-se que o discurso oficial, ressalvadas as diferenças entre as materialidades discursivas analisadas, busca disciplinar o ensino de Sociologia e controlar suas possibilidades formativas de modo que não ultrapasse os limites da adaptação dos estudantes à ordem social vigente.
Notas introdutórias sobre gestão escolar na perspectiva da pedagogia histórico-crítica
Authors: Coutinho Luciana Cristina Salvatti , Lombardi José Claudinei
Published: January 2017

Esse texto busca apresentar, de forma introdutória, algumas reflexões de caráter teórico acerca da gestão da escola fundamentando-se nos pressupostos da Pedagogia histórico-crítica (PHC) nos quais nossas ações enquanto gestores se sustentaram. Não se trata, portanto, de um relato de experiência mas sim de um esforço de contribuir para a elaboração teórica da PHC. A fim de dar conta do objetivo exposto, a argumentação será dividida em quatro partes: uma introdução na qual abordar-se-á, de forma sintética, os conceitos de trabalho e administração de modo geral, bem como o papel do Estado na modernidade. Em seguida, explicitar-se-á o significado e sentido da educação a partir dos pressupostos da Pedagogia histórico-crítica e a consequente necessidade de organização coletiva intencional do trabalho educativo para se efetivar o processo de humanização dos seres humanos. Num terceiro momento, serão identificados alguns elementos na própria organização do Estado e da escola na contemporaneidade que limitam a concretização de um trabalho coletivo intencional resultado, dentre outros aspectos, da transposição das teorias científicas da administração ao campo educacional por meio do Estado. A título de conclusão, a partir da e na própria estrutura educacional vigente buscar-se-á apontar algumas possibilidades reais de um trabalho pedagógico consciente e coerentemente organizado pelo conjunto dos educadores que implicam, contudo, em uma pauta de luta mais efetiva e orgânica por melhores condições de formação e trabalho, assim como a criação efetiva de mecanismos de controle social da gestão pública
IVUS Tissue Characterization of Coronary Plaque by Classification Restricted Boltzmann Machine
Authors: Kuong Nguyen Trong ,   Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Uchino Eiji , Suetake Noriaki ,   Fuzzy Logic Systems Institute
Published: January 2017

The tissue characterization of coronary plaque is an important task to assess the atherosclerotic process and the potential risks of their ruptures on patient. Thanks to intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) medical imaging technique, the reflected ultrasound signals from tissues are acquired, then be used to visualize inside the artery by the computer-assisted equipment. Often, the characterization of tissues is based on the analysis of their responding echo intensity. However, the domination of various factors and the data robustness are the realistic challenges of IVUS classification problems. The quality of the visualization totally depends on the proposed classifier of descriptive features along with its algorithm. In this study, our objective is to characterize IVUS tissues by using classification restricted Boltzmann machine (ClassRBM). We propose to binarize feature patterns extracted from time domain signals for the input of ClassRBM. The results show a better evaluation compared to the conventional integrated backscatter IVUS method (IB-IVUS) for the same task.
Researches on Temperature Control Strategy of SMHS-Type 3D Printing Based on Variable Universe Fuzzy Control
Authors: Wu Tao ,   School of Automation, China University of Geosciences, Tang Yiru , Fei Dongdong , Li Yongbo , He Wangyong
Published: January 2017

Selective micro heat sintering (SMHS)-type 3D printing technology is a widely applied method in rapid prototyping, which uses an electric heating component to sinter non-metallic powder. It requires precise control of the heating component’s energy and its sintering time. Temperature is one of the key factors that affect the forming quality of fused-type 3D printing technology. Aiming at the nonlinear and time-delay characteristics of temperature control in fused-type 3D printing, a fuzzy control method based on variable universe fuzzy control was studied. This fuzzy control method adopts a set of nonlinear expansion-contraction factors to make the variable universes change with the adaptive error, which can help acquire adaptive temperature adjustment in the rapid prototyping process control. The results of the simulation and experiment showed that the controlled temperature response was faster, the overshoot was smaller, and the stability was better compared to the conventional fuzzy proportion integration differentiation (PID) algorithm after the temperature reached the target temperature. The printed results indicated that the universe fuzzy PID control can effectively improve the accuracy of the workpiece shapes and that the density distribution of the workpiece is increased, which can help improve the forming quality.
Conflict Management in the Present Scenario
Authors: Jones T. Mary , Kiran K. Prasantha
Published: January 2017

Conflict is a very common word in our daily life. There is no place where there are no conflicts. We not only have conflicts with other people we even have conflicts with ourselves. So a quite common phenomenon which if not dealt properly will result in the downfall of oneself, group, organization or a whole nation. The organizational productivity will be affected as conflicts result in reduction of individual productivity. The employees are facing problem in dealing with the day to day conflicts. Thus the conflict management is a much discussed topic in the present scenario. The organizations should develop the strategies like appointing arbitragers, establishing communication channels etc. 
Impact Assessment of Leadership Style on Job Satisfaction of NGO Employees in Uttarakhand-India
Authors: Soodan Vishal , Pandey Akhilesh Chandra
Published: January 2017

Leadership styles in recent studies have been debated significantly but their role in contributing job satisfaction of employees have not been addressed by the researchers. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess the impact of leadership styles on job satisfaction of employees in the two NGO’s (Non Government Organisations) HIFEED and HESCO from Uttarakhand through an empirical study. NGO’s in India involve diverse activities ranging from training facilities and independent trainers providing non-formal education, grant-making organizations, community development organizations, microfinance associations, self-help groups, and organization addressing public health. In the study, leadership styles were studied as participative, supportive and instrumental. Results show that supportive style of leadership was predominantly followed by managers. Participative leadership style positively impacts job satisfaction followed by supportive style of leadership. But instrumental leadership style was found to have a negative impact on the job satisfaction of employees. 
La Liberalización (extrema) del Sistema de Protección Social Mexicano
Authors: Bizberg Ilán
Published: January 2017

ResumenEn este trabajo analizamos la transformación del sistema de protección social mexicano del corporativismo al asistencialismo, de un sistema construido sobre la base de un intercambio corporativo con las organizaciones sociales que eran la fundamento del PRI a otro en el que los pobres se han convertido en la fuente del poder político. Por otra parte, se pasó de un sistema de seguridad social basado en derechos adquiridos a otro en el que el sistema de seguridad social depende cada vez más de decisiones de política pública. Está dividido en cuatro partes: en la primera, hacemos un breve recuento histórico del sistema corporativo; en la segunda, analizamos las reformas al sistema de pensiones; en la tercera, las reformas al sistema de asistencia a los pobres; y en la cuarta, las reformas al sistema de salud.Palabras clave: Sistema de seguridad social; corporativismo; asistencia; salud, pensiones, México ***The (extreme) Liberalization of the Mexican Social Protection System.AbstractIn this paper we analyze the transformation of the Mexican social protection system from corporatism to assistance, from a system built on the basis of a corporatist exchange with the social organizations that were the foundation of the PRI to another in which the poor have become the source of political power. On the other hand, it has moved from a social security system based on acquired rights to another one in which the social security system increasingly depends on public policy decisions. It is divided into four parts: in the first, we make a brief historical account of the corporatist social protection system; In the second, we analyze the reforms to the pension system; In the third, the shift form corporatism to assistance to the poor; And in the fourth, the reforms of the health system.Keywords: Social security system, corporatism, assistance; health, pensions, Mexico. ***A Liberalização (extremo) do Sistema de Proteção Social MexicanoResumoNesse trabalho analisamos a transformação do sistema de proteção social mexicano do corporativismo ao assistencialismo, de um sistema construído sobre a base de um intercambio corporativo com as organizações sociais que eram o fundamento do PRI a outro no qual os pobres tem-se convertido na fonte do poder político. Por outra parte, passou-se de um sistema de seguridade social baseado em direitos adquiridos a outro onde o sistema de seguridade social depende cada vez mais das decisões de política pública. Está divido em quatro partes: na primeira fazemos um breve recorrido histórico do sistema corporativo; na segunda, analisamos as reformas ao sistema de pensões, na terceira, as reformas ao sistema de assistência aos pobres e na quarta, as reformas a sistema de saúde.Palavras chaves: Sistema de seguridade social; corporativismo, assistência, saúde, pensões, México.
National Institutes of Health Funding to Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery at U.S. Medical Schools
Authors: Silvestre Jason , Ahn Jaimo , Levin L. Scott
Published: January 2017

Background:

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the largest supporter of biomedical research in the U.S., yet its contribution to orthopaedic research is poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the portfolio of NIH funding to departments of orthopaedic surgery at U.S. medical schools.

Methods:

The NIH RePORT (Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools) database was queried for NIH grants awarded to departments of orthopaedic surgery in 2014. Funding totals were determined for award mechanisms and NIH institutes. Trends in NIH funding were determined for 2005 to 2014 and compared with total NIH extramural research funding. Funding awarded to orthopaedic surgery departments was compared with that awarded to departments of other surgical specialties in 2014. Characteristics of NIH-funded principal investigators were obtained from department web sites.

Results:

In 2014, 183 grants were awarded to 132 investigators at 44 departments of orthopaedic surgery. From 2005 to 2014, NIH funding increased 24.3%, to $54,608,264 (p = 0.030), but the rates of increase seen did not differ significantly from those of NIH extramural research funding as a whole (p = 0.141). Most (72.6%) of the NIH funding was awarded through the R01 mechanism, with a median annual award of $343,980 (interquartile range [IQR], $38,372). The majority (51.1%) of the total funds supported basic science research, followed by translational (33.0%), clinical (10.0%), and educational (5.9%) research. NIH-funded orthopaedic principal investigators were predominately scientists whose degree was a PhD (71.1%) and who were male (79.5%). Eleven NIH institutes were represented, with the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) providing the preponderance (74.2%) of the funding. In 2014, orthopaedic surgery ranked below the surgical departments of general surgery, ophthalmology, obstetrics and gynecology, otolaryngology, and urology in terms of NIH funding received.

Conclusions:

The percentage increase of NIH funding to departments of orthopaedic surgery from 2005 to 2014 was not significantly greater than that of total NIH extramural research funding. Funding levels to orthopaedic surgery departments lag behind funding to departments of other surgical disciplines. Funding levels may not match the academic potential of orthopaedic faculty, and interventions may be needed to increase NIH grant procurement.
Antynomie religii mitologicznej. Kilka uwag na marginesie Traktatu teologicznego Czesława Miłosza
Authors: Koehler Krzysztof
Published: January 2017

The Noble Prize winner, Czeslaw Milosz in the last years of his life wrote a religious poem „The theological treatise”. In my paperI try to understand a religious dimension of a person who is the narrator of the poem. This is the voice of an experienced person who tries to find his way between two oppositions: the so called Polish catholicism (which is stereotypised as „mass” catholicism, unreflective, superficial etc) and a religion of a modern intellectual (with his religious hesitations, opposition to the catholic „mob” etc).I try to throw some light on a narrator’s perspective going back to some Molosz’s texts from the past. I hope the paper will be interesting to the scholars and others who are trying to solve the fascinating problem of the religious dimenssion of Czeslaw Milosz’s poetry.
Milczenia Aleksandra Wata
Authors: Mitzner Piotr
Published: January 2017

The author focuses on the periods of Aleksander Wat’s poetic silence. He states that although after 1926 Wat – perhaps “out of disgust for language” and perhaps he felt that literature in a traditional sense is unnecessary – he becomes silent as a poet, he does not lose a great linguistic sensibility (a “bird” language of one of fellow-prisoners in 1931). An important event in the context of Wat’s thinking of the lanaguge, word, was his acquaintance with Evgeni Dunajewski in 1941 in a cell in Łubianka in Moscow who became Wat’s linguistic “mentor”. When returning to poetry (1940) Wat encounters difficulties: the poet obstinately searches for a language suitable for the description of the world plunged into communism, he was convinced that everything was already said and simultaneously that a lot of truths were not touched upon, the poet wavered between love and hate for words. And besides words there was silence, holy silence which for Wat had a metaphysical dimension, and it was the silence (and not speech) that he enumerated as one of the instruments of cognition (Trzy starości. Trzecia [Three ages. The third one]).
Wat i doświadczenie historyczne
Authors: Czajkowska Agnieszka
Published: January 2017

Aleksander Wat and historical experience An exceptionally complex biography of Aleksander Wat, apparently present in his literary output, makes him a person especially privileged that betoken the history of the 20th century. A historical experience constitutes for Wat an artistic problem, literature becomes a record of his experience – a direct and authentic record. However, since writing is not only an ethnic obligation but also the inclusion into a widely understood cultural context, Wat undertakes the attempts of communicating with the world, it becomes though more and more difficult for the poet due to the lack – in his opinion – of a suitable poetic language for the description of the world. The outcome of it is Wat’s reaching the borders of the speech – to silence ([Zakułem się w pancerz myślenia...]). What Wat considered in his experience as the most important, it becomes therefore strengthened not only in his poetry but, above all, in Mój wiek [My Century] – a text not written but spoken, tape recorded; richness (“the excess of information”), digressiveness but also some breaking up, some formal “splitting up” of this text, reflects most fully heterogenous, complicated, full of suffering Wat’s experience. A vitally important in this situation is Czesław Miłosz, Wat’s interlocutor whose discreet presence, wise posing of questions orders the picture drawn chaotically by Wat.
Aleksander Wat i romantyzm. (Jeszcze)
Authors: Kuczera-Chachulska Bernadetta
Published: January 2017

Aleksander Wat and romanticism (once more) In the sketch, the problem taken is the relation of Aleksander Wat to the Polish romanticism, both in terms of how to troubleshoot inherently more formal as well as final transfer of the works. Analysis of individual poems (including The Persian Parable, Across the Square) lead to the conclusion of a distinct connection between Wat and the Lausanne lyricism of Adam Mickiewicz.
Jerzy Stempowski o Soli ziemi Józefa Wittlina
Authors: Chabiera Magdalena
Published: January 2017

Jerzy Stempowski on Józef Wittlin’s Salt of the Earth [Sól Ziemi] In a 1936 text dedicated to Józef Wittlin’s novel Jerzy Stempowski tries to position it within the context of the contemporary political, social and cultural events. He also analyses the artistic values of the novel in relation to the changes of the world-view caused by the traumatic events of the First World War
Geografia i działalność wydawnictw katolickich w Królestwie Polskim w drugiej połowie XIX i na początku XX wieku
Authors: Boruc Alicja
Published: January 2017

Geography and the activity of Catholic publishing houses in the Kingdom of Poland in the second half of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century This article tries to reconstruct the distribution of Catholic publishing houses that operated in the Kingdom of Poland in the second half of the nineteenth century. The author surveyed printing factories and Catholic bookshops, as well as editorial offices of magazines which spread the teachings of the Catholic Church. Publishing activities of these establishments and their importance in propagating the faith and Catholic teachings are presented.
„Metoda” Maciejewskiego
Authors: Kaczmarek Wojciech
Published: January 2017

Maciejewski’s ‘Method’ The article analyses kerygmatic method of interpretation that was first employed in literary studies by professor Marian Maciejewski. Thanks to this method one can verify a text and its relation to Christianity. Kerygmatic method calls for objective preciseness in defining the level of religiosity of a given text, regardless of whether it was inspired by Christianity or natural religiosity. Maciejewski’s research, mainly his works on Mickiewicz’s poems, is still governed by the directives of historical-literary analysis, nevertheless he considers his observations within the dynamics of Christian life and not in a perspective of vaguely undefined religiosity.
Epilog burzy Zbigniewa Herberta (na marginesie kerygmatycznej interpretacji Przesłania pana Cogito)
Authors: Peroń Małgorzata
Published: January 2017

Zbigniew Herbert’s Epilogue to a Storm (on the margins of a kerygmatic interpretation of Last Message from Mr. Cogito) Zbigniew Herbert’s Epilogue to a Storm, last volume by the poet, sets the perspective of a finish and a finale. Death and different ways of getting closer to what is beyond death is one of the leading subjects of the volume. Marian Maciejewski created main interpretative tropes in Herbert’s poetry; they are related to the topos of ‘fear of death’ and the ‘autosalvation’ stance that defines the protagonist of Last Message from Mr. Cogito. One can see in Epilogue to a Storm a number of ways of ‘exorcising time’ put forward by the researcher: instances of going back to childhood, memories of hometown, registration of ‘the moment’. Reflections on death take place on two levels: horizontal and vertical. The former symbolises life understood as journey, and its basic image is water. The latter is linked to halt and profoundness, which refer to death and eternity (the Brewiarz cycle).
Egzaltacja, czyli o uchylaniu granic
Authors: Burta Małgorzata
Published: January 2017

Exultation, that is about gradual opening of the borders The article brings about an attempt to define exultation in the context of literary criticism from the period of the ‘aesthetic split’ (between late enlightenment and early romanticism currents) and pre-November heat of the 1830. It calls to attention the discussions in which Kazimierz Brodziński, the author of O egzaltacji i entuzjazmie [On Exultation and Enthusiasm], and his adversaries Maurycy Mochancki and Józefat Bolesław Ostrowski played crucial roles.
Preparation of Efficient BiOBr/MIL‐88B(Fe) Composites with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities
Authors: Yue Xinxin , Guo Weilin , Li Xianghui , Gao Xiaomei , Zhang Guangyou
Published: January 2017

In this study, a novel composite containing an iron based metal‐organic framework (MOF) and BiOBr was successfully synthesized by a simple method, and was fully characterized by X‐ray diffraction patterns, Fourier transform infrared spectra, UV‐vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and transmission electron microscopy. Moreover, the photocatalytic activities of BiOBr/MIL‐88B(Fe) composites and the pure materials were evaluated by measuring the degradation of Rhodamine B under visible light. The results show that the composite exhibits better photocatalytic activities than pure materials, which can be ascribed to the high adsorption capacity of MIL‐88B(Fe) and the enhanced separation of photogenerated charge carriers from assembly of MIL‐88B(Fe) on BiOBr. And the effects of various operating parameters such as catalyst dosage, medium pH, the mass ratio of BiOBr, and MIL‐88B(Fe) and the dye initial concentration on the degradation of RhB have been studied.
Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia Suspected Due to Low-Dosage Prednisolone Treatment for Acute Autoimmune Hepatitis: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, 3-6-2 Okayamadai, Togane City, Chiba Pref., 283-8686, Japan, Kamezaki Hidehiro , Kanda Tatsuo ,   Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo Ward, Chiba City, Chiba Pref., 260-8670, Japan, Yokosuka Osamu ,   Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo Ward, Chiba City, Chiba Pref., 260-8670, Japan, Tsukahara Masanori ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, 3-6-2 Okayamadai, Togane City, Chiba Pref., 283-8686, Japan, Kasahara Yasunori ,   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, 3-6-2 Okayamadai, Togane City, Chiba Pref., 283-8686, Japan, Sakurai Takayuki ,   Department of Infectious Diseases, Chiba University, Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo Ward, Chiba City, Chiba Pref., 260-8670, Japan
Published: January 2017

(1) Background: Preventative treatment for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) has been recommended for patients receiving ≥20 mg/day prednisolone. We describe a patient who developed PCP while receiving a dose of 15 mg/day prednisolone, and consider criteria for the initiation of preventative therapy for PCP in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) treated with prednisolone.(2) Case Report: A 71-year-old woman initially possessed dark-colored urine, white stool, and decreased appetite, which indicated hepatic dysfunction. Further comprehensive investigation suggested a diagnosis of acute hepatitis with probable autoimmune etiology. Treatment was initiated at 60 mg/day prednisolone. Following a positive response by the patient, the dose was gradually reduced to 15 mg/day. Seventy days after the start of prednisolone treatment, respiratory symptoms appeared, and PCP was diagnosed following examination of bronchoalveolar lavage samples. The patient responded positively to treatment with sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim combination therapy.(3) Conclusions: Preventative therapy for PCP may be indicated for AIH patients treated with steroids with (1) a dose of prednisolone of 12–15 mg/day or more, (2) a CD4+ lymphocyte count of 200–250/mm3 or less, or (3) a total lymphocyte count of 600/mm3 or less.
The Determinant Factors of Technology Adoption for Improving Firm’s Performance: An Empirical Research of Indonesia’s Electricity Company
Authors: Arifin Zainal , . Firmanszah , Fontana Avanti , Wijayanto Setyo Hari
Published: January 2017

This study investigates the determinant factors of technology adoption by connecting Technology Organizational Environment (TOE) with the dynamic capability factors. Using 518 respondents representing 222 business units of Indonesia’s electricity company, the study found that only the absorptive capability has a positively significant effect on technology adoption. Practically, the study emphasizes that without the absorptive capability for managing the resource, the core competence of a firm will not occur and the adoption of technology will be less effective. Another finding is the absorptive capability’s typology mapping the eight technology adoption statuses in an organization, based on three of the determinant factors: the externalities, entrepreneurial leadership and slack resources.
Using Means-end Chain Analysis to Reveal Consumers’ Motivation for Buying Local Foods: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Arsil Poppy , Li Elton , Bruwer Johan
Published: January 2017

This article utilizes and discusses specific aspects of Means-End Chain (MEC) analysis for understanding the motives of Indonesian consumers when they purchase local food. The MEC theory is used as a measure of the attributes, consequences, and values of locally produced products, involving specific aspects of this theory, namely the laddering methods of administration, the content analysis procedure, and constructing and interpreting a Hierarchy Value Map (HVM). The results of the study indicate that the MEC approach is a powerful method to reveal consumers’ motivation for buying local foods, when associated with the various cultural groupings identified by the study, particular between the Javanese and non-Javanese consumers. This study offers a practical implication and source of knowledge for other future studies and policies in terms of: (a) A new approach for understanding the motives behind the purchase of local foods by Indonesian consumers, and (b) developing new categories of attributes, consequences and values for local food.
Efficiency of S&P CNX Nifty Index Option of the National Stock Exchange (NSE), India, using Box Spread Arbitrage Strategy
Authors: Girish G. P. , Rastogi Nikhil
Published: January 2017

Box spread is a trading strategy in which one simultaneously buys and sells options having the same underlying asset and time to expiration, but different exercise prices. This study examined the efficiency of European style S&P CNX Nifty Index options of National Stock Exchange, (NSE) India by making use of high-frequency data on put and call options written on Nifty (Time-stamped transactions data) for the time period between 1st January 2002 and 31st December 2005 using box-spread arbitrage strategy. The advantages of box-spreads include reduced joint hypothesis problem since there is no consideration of pricing model or market equilibrium, no consideration of inter-market non-synchronicity since trading box spreads involve only one market, computational simplicity with less chances of mis-specification error, estimation error and the fact that buying and selling box spreads more or less replicates risk-free lending and borrowing. One thousand three hundreds and fifty eight exercisable box-spreads were found for the time period considered of which 78 Box spreads were found to be profitable after incorporating transaction costs (32 profitable box spreads were identified for the year 2002, 19 in 2003, 14 in 2004 and 13 in 2005) The results of our study suggest that internal option market efficiency has improved over the years for S&P CNX Nifty Index options of NSE India.
Factors Influencing the Yemeni Customers’ Intention to Adopt Takaful Products
Authors: Echchabi Abdelghani , Ayedh Abdullah Mohammed
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study is to examine the Yemeni customers’ intention to adopt takaful products, and to explore the potential factors that influence their decision. This study applies SEM and one sample t-test to analyse the collected data. The results indicate that among the factors included in this study, only compatibility positively and significantly affects the adoption intention. This is the first study that addresses the adoption of Takaful products in Yemen and the factors that influence it. Furthermore, this study extends the Innovations Diffusion Theory (IDT) by applying it to a different setting.
Financial Disclosure and Budgetary Practices of Religious Organization: A Study of Qaryah Mosques in Kuala Terengganu
Authors: Bt Shaharuddin Shahida , Bt Sulaiman Maliah
Published: January 2017

This paper aims to examine the financial reporting and budgeting practices of qaryah mosques in Kuala Terengganu, a state in the east of Peninsular Malaysia. Data was collected using a mixed method (quantitative and qualitative) approach. The questionnaire was disseminated to qaryah mosques in Kuala Terengganu and 39 responded. To address the limitations of a questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews were then conducted with a few of the respondents. The results revealed that qaryah mosques in Kuala Terengganu do have a satisfactory system in place in terms of their financial reporting practices. However, budgetary control practices appear to be lacking. This indicates accounting, as is practiced by qaryah mosques in Kuala Terengganu appears to be limited to financial accounting. Hence, the financial management in qaryah mosques needs to be improved so that the risk of embezzlement can be reduced.