bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Youth Responses to the Surveillance School: The Bifurcation of Antagonism and Confidence in Surveillance among Teenaged Students
Authors: Adorjan Michael , Ricciardelli Rosemary
Published: February 2019

The recent rise of so-called ‘surveillance schools’ is often justified given the need to engender a safe and secure educational environment for students—a fusion of pedagogical and security motives. This article contributes knowledge regarding the attitudes and lived experiences of teenagers in response to school-based surveillance. Focus groups centre discussions on two areas: the effectiveness of policies regarding technology in the classroom as well as school-wide restrictions on Wi-Fi access and the effectiveness of surveillance technologies geared to actively monitor student online activities. We explore a bifurcation of attitudes revealing both resistance to surveillance school practices as well as strong support for monitoring technologies perceived to be effective in addressing cyber-risks like cyberbullying. Our findings point to the need for empirically assessing the contexts where support or antagonism towards surveillance occurs, suggesting neither isomorphic resistance nor wholescale acquiescence.
Patriarchy in the preschool classroom: Examining the effects of developmental ideologies on teachers’ perspectives and practices around play and gender
Authors: Prioletta Jessica
Published: February 2019

Child development ideologies have long informed early childhood education, shaping teachers’ perceptions of children and their classroom practices through teacher education programs and education policies. Following the rise of post-developmental perspectives in the early childhood literature, the author uses a critical feminist lens to examine the gendered implications child development ideologies have had on teachers’ perspectives and practices in a Canadian metropolis. Drawing on data collected in four preschool classrooms, the author argues that the preschool teachers’ reliance on child developmental logics inadvertently perpetuated a patriarchal culture in their classrooms, as gendered power dynamics went unnoticed and unaddressed in children’s play. The author concludes by exploring the possibilities that MacNaughton’s concept of the feminist pedagogic gaze may afford early learning practices and future directions for research.
Group Gardening in a Native American Community: A Collaborative Approach
Authors: Brown Blakely , Dybdal Laura , Noonan Curtis , Pedersen Maja G. , Parker Martin , Corcoran Mary
Published: February 2019

Background. There is increasing awareness of the potential health benefits derived from gardening activities. Gardening practices are gaining momentum in Native American (NA) communities, yet no efforts have applied a community-based participatory research approach within a social-ecological model to understand opportunities and barriers for group gardening on an American Indian reservation. Objectives. The primary objective of this study was to identify influences across social-ecological levels that promote or hinder the implementation of community gardens and use of locally grown foods on the reservation; a secondary objective was to assess the feasibility of implementing a group gardening program for NA adults and potential of collecting health outcome measures. Method. Community members and academicians collaborated to develop and implement this study. The study (1) conducted interviews with key stakeholders to identify influences across social-ecological levels that promote or hinder the implementation of community gardens and using locally produced food and (2) assessed the physical and psychological well-being of NA adults participating in a group gardening feasibility study. Results. Major factors influencing using locally grown food and community gardens that emerged from nine interviews included knowledge/experience, self-efficacy, Elders, traditional ways, community values, generational gaps, and local tribal policies. Twenty NA adults with prediabetes or diabetes participated in the feasibility study. The Profile of Mood States Inventory showed consistently positive change in score for participants in the group gardening program versus the comparison group. Conclusions. This study identified key influences for growing locally grown food, and approaches for implementing group gardening programs for NA adults.
A Bayesian forecasting model of international conflict
Authors: Williford George W , Atkinson Douglas B
Published: February 2019

Scholars and practitioners in international relations have a strong interest in forecasting international conflict. However, due to the complexity of forecasting rare events, existing attempts to predict the onset of international conflict in a cross-national setting have generally had low rates of success. In this paper, we apply Bayesian methods to develop a forecasting model designed to predict the onset of international conflict at the yearly level. We find that this model performs substantially better at producing accurate predictions both in and out of sample.
Leading high-poverty primary schools in Trinidad and Tobago – what do successful principals do?
Authors: De Lisle Jerome , Annisette Sean , Bowrin-Williams Cheryl
Published: February 2019

In this study of high-poverty schools in Trinidad and Tobago, we (1) identified recurring patterns and generative mechanisms for successful principal leadership and (2) explored the utility of transformational, shared, and instructional leadership models. We argued that situational and country context are central to understanding school leadership and that the universality of some models might be limited. Using the lens of critical realism, we gathered evidence from a multiple case study of seven high-poverty schools. From the data, we constructed theory bridging leadership constructs of the global North with emergent local patterns and constructions. We found three meanings for successful leadership within this context, labelled as integrative, transformational and enabling, and academic-focused. The meanings attached to the in-vivo labels were consistent with the core components of shared, transformational, and instructional leadership. We extended these leadership meanings to describe specific activities and acts. Unique to this context was the data-centric focus of transformational leadership and the use of shared leadership as an early improvement strategy. Notably, however, academic-focused leadership was evident at only a few sites, possibly explaining the overall limited improvement trajectory.
The Problem of Sovereignty in Globalized Times
Authors: Volk Christian
Published: February 2019

This article argues that the delineation of the current debate on sovereignty in times of globalization and the manner of questioning are problematic. Although various understandings of sovereignty differ in terms of content, they nevertheless reproduce the same conceptual structure: of a rigid binary separation into internal/external, national/global, a container theory of space, the need to search for the supreme, a (political, ethical, legal) skepticism and the idea of the uniformity of the sovereign entity (state, people, law). The continuity of this conceptual structure has contributed to the fact that not only our political, social and legal thinking and imaginaries have been shaped for centuries by the logic of sovereignty thinking, but also and above all our political practices. The article works out the manner in which this conceptual structure – and not just the content of the concept – is already theory-forming in terms of the structural composition of social and political realities, circumstances, problems and approaches, and its consequences cannot be reflected upon in a debate that postulates the concept of sovereignty. My criticism is that, in the process, important empirical insights about the driving forces of globalization and the economic materiality of global power relationships get lost and decisions are taken that are questionable in a normative sense, in terms of the authorization of actors on the one hand and the delegitimization and exclusion of actors on the other.
Introduction: Interrogating the ‘everyday’ politics of emotions in international relations
Authors: Beattie Amanda Russell , Eroukhmanoff Clara , Head Naomi
Published: February 2019

The focus on the everyday in this Special Issue reveals different kinds of emotional practices, their political effects and their political contestation within both micro- and macro-politics in international relations. The articles in this Special Issue address the everyday negotiation of emotions, shifting between the reproduction of hegemonic structures of feelings and emancipation from them. In other words, the everyday politics of emotions allows an exploration of who gets to express emotions, what emotions are perceived as (il)legitimate or (un)desirable, how emotions are circulated and under what circumstances. Consequently, we identify two thematic strands which emerge as central to an interrogation of ‘everyday’ emotions in international relations and which run through each of the contributions: first, an exploration of the relationship between individual and collective emotions and, second, a focus on the role of embodiment within emotions research and its relationship with the dynamics and structures of power.
The long-term performance of a utility: The case of the Australian Post Office
Authors: Abbott Malcolm
Published: February 2019

Recent Internet-induced declines in mail volumes have put at risk the profitability of Australia’s most enduring government business enterprise, Australia Post. The post office after its reform in the 1970s and 1980s was a strongly performing enterprise. This article observes the long-term performance of the industry since 1901. In particular, the growth in demand, productivity growth, as well as prices, and profits are presented over the longer term.
Magnetic resonance texture analysis utility in differentiating intraparenchymal neurosarcoidosis from primary central nervous system lymphoma: a preliminary analysis
Authors: Bathla Girish , Soni Neetu , Endozo Raymondo , Ganeshan Balaji
Published: February 2019

Purpose

Neurosarcoidosis and primary central nervous system lymphomas, although distinct disease entities, can both have overlapping neuroimaging findings. The purpose of our preliminary study was to assess if magnetic resonance texture analysis can differentiate parenchymal mass-like neurosarcoidosis granulomas from primary central nervous system lymphomas.

Methods

A total of nine patients was evaluated, four with parenchymal neurosarcoidosis granulomas and five with primary central nervous system lymphomas. Magnetic resonance texture analysis was performed with commercial software using a filtration histogram technique. Texture features of different sizes and variations in signal intensity were extracted at six different spatial scale filters, followed by feature quantification using statistical and histogram parameters and 36 features were analysed for each sequence (T1-weighted, T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted, apparent diffusion coefficient, T1-post contrast). The non-parametric Mann–Whitney test was used to evaluate the differences between different texture parameters.

Results

The differences in distribution of entropy on T2-weighted imaging, apparent diffusion coefficient and T1-weighted post-contrast images were statistically significant on all spatial scale filters. Magnetic resonance texture analysis using medium and coarse spatial scale filters was especially useful in discriminating neurosarcoidosis from primary central nervous system lymphomas for mean, mean positive pixels, kurtosis, and skewness on diffusion-weighted imaging ( P < 0.004–0.030). At spatial scale filter 5, entropy on T2-weighted imaging ( P = 0.001) was the most useful discriminator with a cut-off value of 6.12 ( P = 0.001, area under the curve (AUC)-1, sensitivity (Sn)-100%, specificity (Sp)-100%), followed by kurtosis and skewness on diffusion-weighted imaging with a cut-off value of −0.565 ( P = 0.011, AUC-0.97, Sn-100%, Sp-83%) and–0.365 ( P = 0.008, AUC-0.98, Sn-100%, Sp-100%) respectively.

Conclusion

Filtration histogram-based magnetic resonance texture analysis appears to be a promising modality to distinguish parenchymal neurosarcoidosis granulomas from primary central nervous system lymphomas.
Use and cost of disease-modifying therapies by Sonya Slifka Study participants: has anything really changed since 2000 and 2009?
Authors: Minden Sarah L , Kinkel R Philip , Machado Helene T , Levin Jonathan S , Rosenthal Meredith B , Iezzoni Lisa I
Published: February 2019

Background

Disease-modifying therapies benefit individuals with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, but their utility remains unclear for those without relapses.

Objective

To determine disease-modifying therapy use and costs in 2009, compare use in 2009 and 2000, and examine compliance with evidence-based guidelines.

Methods

We determined the extent and characteristics of disease-modifying therapy use by participants in the Sonya Slifka Longitudinal Multiple Sclerosis Study (Slifka) in 2000 ( n=2156) and 2009 ( n=2361) and estimated out-of-pocket and total (payer) costs for 2009. Two multivariable logistic regressions predicted disease-modifying therapy use.

Results

Disease-modifying therapy use increased from 55.3% in 2000 to 61.5% in 2009. In 2009, disease-modifying therapy use was reported by 76.5% of participants with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, 73.2% with progressive-relapsing multiple sclerosis, 62.5% with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, and 41.8% with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. Use was significantly associated with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, shorter duration of illness, one to two relapses per year, non-ambulatory symptoms, using a cane, younger age, higher family income, and having health insurance. Average annual costs in 2009 were US$939–3101 for patients and US$16,302–18,928 for payers.

Conclusion

Use rates were highest for individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, but substantial for those with progressive courses although clinical trials have not demonstrated significant benefits for them.
Faulty Theory, Failed Therapy: Frances Tustin, Infant and Child Psychoanalysis, and the Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Kenny Dianna T.
Published: February 2019

In this article, I explore two epistemologies for theorizing infancy and treating autism—infant and child psychoanalysis expounded by Frances Tustin and colleagues and developmental psychology and developmental neuroscience. I address two main issues: (a) how early psychoanalytic insights informed empirical developments and theoretical scholarship in both infant psychoanalysis and developmental psychology, and (b) how the study of infant development within psychoanalysis has been derailed by faulty theorizing and failure to incorporate scientific scholarship on infant development into their theories and practice. First, I review current research on infancy including psychoanalytic contributions that have incorporated scientific methods and evidence. I then juxtapose this work with Frances Tustin’s theory of autism as an exemplar of the problematic theorizing about infant development that remains unchallenged, even today, in some psychoanalytic circles, and how that theory is operationalized in treatment. I discuss possible reasons for the failure to revise theory and therapeutic practice and the adherence to faulty perceptions of “successful” therapeutic outcome. Despite these derailments, I conclude that a marriage of science and psychoanalysis (that is convergent with developmental research) is not only possible; indeed, it has produced talented progeny who have immeasurably advanced our understanding of human functioning across the life span by further illuminating the mysteries of infant experience.
The Impact of Hedonic and Meaningful Messages on Sport Consumers’ Responses to Athlete Foundations: A Focus on Fan Identification Level
Authors: Jang Wonseok (Eric) , Kim Daehwan , Lee Joon Sung , Wann Daniel L.
Published: February 2019

Athletes oftentimes own and direct their own philanthropic foundations to make positive prosocial impacts at every level, from global down to local. A key challenge for these foundations is to communicate effectively with their target audiences to obtain support from them. By drawing from the construal-level theory and athlete identification literature, the current study examines the effects of different types of messages (hedonic vs. meaningful) on sport consumers’ supportive behaviors toward an athlete’s charitable foundation as a function of fans’ level of athlete identification. Results indicated that the use of a meaningful message lead to greater degrees of supportive behavior from sport consumers with low levels of athlete identification than on- and off-field hedonic messages. In contrast, among highly identified sport consumers, both hedonic and meaningful messages elicited greater support for an athlete-owned foundation.
“Our Ginny”: Virginia Wade, the 1977 Wimbledon Championships and the Gendering of National Identity
Authors: Lake Robert J.
Published: February 2019

Within sport media, it is customary for sportsmen rather than sportswomen to be accorded the privileges and responsibilities of competing not just for the nation but also on behalf of it. However, under certain circumstances, it is apparent that the typically gendered media conventions may shift to accommodate nationally important sportswomen. This study concerns the British tennis player Virginia Wade, and via a textual analysis, the print-media discourse surrounding her 1977 Wimbledon triumph is analyzed. It is argued that the wider sociohistorical and personal contexts of her victory helped facilitate a shift, whereby her national identity rather than her gender becoming the primary media frame. Not only was Wade’s win considered significant amidst the mid-1970s economic downturn in Britain, it also coincided with Wimbledon’s centenary and a visit by the Queen during jubilee year. Consequently, her victory was imbued with national symbolism through displays of “banal nationalism.” Coupled with Wimbledon’s “invented traditions,” Wade was represented as embodying the British “imagined community” through her play and approach. This study’s findings reassert the importance of examining the intersections of gender and national identity in sport media and urges for more research that foregrounds historical context as a key factor for female athlete national transcendence.
Thoracic endovascular repair of a rare case of leaking aortic arch intramural hematoma secondary to Giant cell arteritis
Authors: Salaskar Abhijit , Najam Farzad , Pocock Elizabeth , Sarin Shawn
Published: February 2019

Background

Traditionally thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) secondary to Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) were treated with resection and open repair. However no prior studies have reported an aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) as a presentation of GCA or outcome of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) in TAA or IMH secondary to GCA.

Case presentation

A 59 year old female, nonsmoker, non-hypertensive, non-diabetic with a known history of GCA, temporal arteritis on prednisone presented with shortness of breath & chest pain. Chest CT revealed aortic arch IMH and large left hemothorax. CTA confirmed distal aortic arch focal dilation, a focal intimal irregularity in the distal aortic arch and extensive IMH without any active extravasation or signs of aortitis. Patient underwent an urgent TEVAR without oversizing the aortic landing zones. Post TEVAR aortogram showed exclusion of the site of IMH origin and dilated aortic arch segment by the stent and absence of active extravasation. One month post-TEVAR CTA showed patent stent graft with resolution of IMH and hemothorax. One year after TEVAR, patient remained asymptomatic.

Conclusion

GCA can present as an IMH secondary to underlying chronic vasculitis. When endovascular repair is considered, great care should be taken not to grossly oversize aortic landing zones.
Who Participated in the ACA? Gains in Insurance Coverage by Political Partisanship
Authors: Sances Michael W. , Clinton Joshua D.
Published: February 2019

Context: The authors examined whether participation in the Affordable Care Act (ACA) differed by political partisanship. Answering this question is important for understanding how contentious elite-level decision making and discourse may affect policy uptake, and the ability of the ACA to create a constituency of beneficiaries invested in its support.

Methods: The authors combined county- and individual-level data on health insurance gains, political partisanship, and variation in the ACA's implementation to test whether Democratic areas and individuals are more likely to gain health insurance after implementation of the ACA.

Findings: While there was some evidence that Democrats experienced larger insurance gains than Republicans, the major partisan divide was in how insurance was obtained: Democrats were more likely than Republicans to enroll in private marketplace plans, but there were no partisan differences in uptake among those gaining insurance via the Medicaid expansions.

Conclusions: These results provide some important context for the well-known and persistent partisan divide in support for the ACA, an attitudinal divide whose reflection in program participation appears conditional on the salience of different aspects of the ACA.
Disenrolled: Retrenchment and Voting in Health Policy
Authors: Haselswerdt Jake , Michener Jamila
Published: February 2019

Context: Recent studies have shown that changes in public health insurance policy have the potential to affect political participation. In particular, aggregate-level analyses suggest that increases in Medicaid enrollment due to the Affordable Care Act's Medicaid expansion are associated with increased voter turnout. Given the current uncertainty surrounding the future of Medicaid, these results lead to an important and related question: What happens to political participation when public health insurance coverage is reduced?

Methods: Leveraging changes instituted by the state of Tennessee in the early 2000s to its Medicaid program, TennCare, the authors employed a first-differences approach to examine the effect of health policy retrenchment on county-level voter turnout and partisan vote share in gubernatorial elections.

Findings: Counties with larger Medicaid enrollment declines saw larger decreases and smaller increases in voter turnout between 2002 and 2006 relative to those with smaller declines. Disenrollment was also associated with reduced Democratic vote share, though these results are not robust to controls.

Conclusions: Rather than mobilizing voters angry about losing coverage, the TennCare disenrollment seems to have had a demobilizing effect. The negative resource and interpretive effects of losing coverage likely outweigh any mobilizing backlash effect of retrenchment.
Wearable Sleep Technology in Clinical and Research Settings
Authors: DE ZAMBOTTI MASSIMILIANO , CELLINI NICOLA , GOLDSTONE AIMÉE , COLRAIN IAN M. , BAKER FIONA C.
Published: February 2019

The accurate assessment of sleep is critical to better understand and evaluate its role in health and disease. The boom in wearable technology is part of the digital health revolution and is producing many novel, highly sophisticated and relatively inexpensive consumer devices collecting data from multiple sensors and claiming to extract information about users’ behaviors, including sleep. These devices are now able to capture different biosignals for determining, for example, HR and its variability, skin conductance, and temperature, in addition to activity. They perform 24/7, generating overwhelmingly large data sets (big data), with the potential of offering an unprecedented window on users’ health. Unfortunately, little guidance exists within and outside the scientific sleep community for their use, leading to confusion and controversy about their validity and application. The current state-of-the-art review aims to highlight use, validation and utility of consumer wearable sleep-trackers in clinical practice and research. Guidelines for a standardized assessment of device performance is deemed necessary, and several critical factors (proprietary algorithms, device malfunction, firmware updates) need to be considered before using these devices in clinical and sleep research protocols. Ultimately, wearable sleep technology holds promise for advancing understanding of sleep health; however, a careful path forward needs to be navigated, understanding the benefits and pitfalls of this technology as applied in sleep research and clinical sleep medicine.
Corporate governance. Methodological tools
Authors: Тюлин Андрей , Tyulin Andrey
Published: February 2019

The textbook contains the fundamentals of the theory and practice of corporate management, taking into account current market trends related to the development of knowledge economy, when information and competence are the key resources. Successful economic development of any corporation depends on them. The textbook deals with practical issues of corporate management from the perspective of regulation of economic processes and describes the tools of corporate management. The book meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standard of higher education of the last generation. It is intended for students, postgraduates and lecturers in higher education institutions engaged in training in economics and management; it can be recommended for managers and specialists of companies involved in the corporate management process
Transmission and chassis of the t-72 tank
Authors: Зайчиков Юрий , Zaychikov Yuriy
Published: February 2019

The training manual is prepared in accordance with the training programs in the disciplines of "the Structure of tanks" and "the Device of basic machines".
The fundamentals of the transmission theory, the transmission, the basics of the chassis theory, the chassis, the maintenance of the transmission and the chassis of the t-72 tank are presented in detail.
The manual is intended for students studying at the faculties of military education of universities, as well as for teachers.
Współpraca Witolda Mańczaka i Hugona Steinhausa w dziedzinie zastosowań metod matematycznych w językoznawstwie
Authors: Dawidowicz Antoni Leon
Published: February 2019

This paper presents the letters written by Prof. Hugo Steinhaus to Prof. Witold Mańczak in which he proposes to apply certain mathematical methods to linguistic problems.
Amerikai tragédiák
Authors: Seress Ákos Attila
Published: February 2019

Seress Ákos Attila Tennessee Williams-ről szóló könyve több szempontból is hiánypótló munka. Az írót ismerik, és viszonylag sokat játsszák nálunk, de korábban nem volt róla magyar nyelvű monográfia, vagy olyan amerikai színháztörténet, amelyben Williams megfelelő helyet kapna. Seress munkájának kifejezett érdeme, hogy a kanonikus és gyakran színpadra vitt Williams-drámák mellett az író kevésbé ismert műveit, valamint egyes novelláit is górcső alá veszi. Nem célja azonban bemutatni a teljes életművet, hanem az abban felmerülő legjellemzőbb kérdéseket fogalmazza meg és követi végig, átfogó szempontja a szerep és személyiség kapcsolatának drámai reprezentálhatósága.
Risk Factors of HIV among Voluntary Counseling and Testing Centers Clients, Elgenina Town, West Darfur, Sudan.
Authors: Hussein Ahmed, M. , Mohammed Ahmed Mokhtar Osman , Adam Dawria,
Published: February 2019

This study was conducted in two (VCTs) at Elgenina town, the capital of West Darfur State in Sudan in period from November 2010 to February 2011, the study included all people attending VCTs in Elgeniena town for voluntary checking one hundred and fifty clients who visited the (VCT) centers and volunteered were included in this study, nonprobability sample, 150 volunteers was taken and covered all ages, One ml of blood was taken from each of the study sample and tested by rapid Immune Chromatographic (ICT) for HIV, a structured questionnaire was designed and the interviewed after a written consent to participate in the study was signed, data was analyzed using the SPSS statistical programmer and for possible association between study variables, the Chi square test was used, the study showed that 35 volunteers (23.33%) were positives, of whom 54.3% 19 were males. People having more than one sex partner were high 63.6% with statistically significant factor of getting infection (P.value = 0.00). Also, practicing unsafe sex were 5.2% another major risky (P.value = 0.00). Among the HIV positive cases 34.3% were drug users, compared to 20.9% from the HIV negatives (p. value = 0.10). There is no relation between education level and infection with HIV (p .value = 0.154). Forty two percent of the participants were single, 30% married, 10% divorced, 7.3% widows and 10.7% were separate
Placing Value on Telemedicine for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Siegel Corey A.
Published: February 2019

Telemedicine can take a number of forms. A popular approach is the use of telemonitoring, which takes advantage of available technology to follow patients remotely. Cross and colleagues present the results of a well-done randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of a telemonitoring program for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. They did not show a difference in disease activity, but this study leads us to question whether we know the appropriate outcomes to follow for telemedicine interventions. If we can show that telemedicine maintains quality of care at lower costs, the value of these types of interventions will ultimately be increased.
Nutritional Support for Small Ruminant Development Based on Oil Palm By-products
Authors: Ginting Simon Petrus , Simanihuruk K , Tarigan A , Pond K R
Published: February 2019

Biomass by-products or plant residues from the plantation system would play a crucial role in animal production since the utilization of forages from the underneath tree crops would be less or minimal when the palm oil crop mature. By-products generated from the palm oil system vary, but in relation to the animal production they could be generally categorized into the fibrous by-products and the non-fibrous (concentrate) by-products. Palm oil mill effluent (POME) and palm kernel cake (PKC) are concentrate by-products produced during the processing of palm oil extraction which have great potency to support sheep and goat production, although limiting factors such as contamination of shell and high copper level in PKC need to be considered in their utilization as feed. The fibrous palm oil by-products include oil palm fronds (OPF) and oil palm trunk (OPT) generated from the palm crop trees and oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) and palm pressed fiber (PPF) generated from processing of fresh fruits to yield crude oil. These fibrous by-products cannot meet the metabolisable energy required for high growth rate and for lactation of sheep and goats due to low DM digestibility, low crude protein content, low fermentable carbohydrate and low level of intake. Limited inclusion level in ration should be applied for those by-products to yield an acceptable production level of sheep and goats. Pretreatments (physical, chemical, and biological) gave some improvement in their nutritional qualities, however additional cost of pretreatments need to be considered. In the future, there would be a great challenge for the utilization of those fibrous by-products as animal feed since bioconversion of lignocellulosic materials to products such as chemicals (bioethanol, sugar, and bioplastic), fuels, and organic fertilizers are receiving greater interest. Some comparative advantages of these natural wastes are their relatively low cost, renewable and widespread in nature for used in an industrial operation.
Peran good corporate governance, profitabilitas, size dan likuiditas dalam mengungkap corporate social responsibility
Authors: Damayanti Dian Yuni
Published: February 2019

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is one of several corporate responsibilities for stakeholders. The Company will disclose its social responsibility practices so that the contributions they had can be recognized by the stakeholders. This study aims to determine the effect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG), profitability, size, and liquidity to CSR disclosure. GCG is measured using independent commissioners, managerial ownership, and institutional ownership. This study uses a manufacturing company in Indonesia as the sample in the period 2012-2015. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used is multiple regression analysis. The results showed that independent commissioners, managerial and liquidity ownership had no effect on CSR disclosure, while institutional ownership, profitability and firm size had a significant positive effect on CSR disclosure.
Strategi pemasaran jasa transportasi taksi konvensional menghadapi persaingan jasa transportasi berbasis aplikasi online di Surabaya
Authors: Prabawati Dwi Karya Yuris , Harsono Soni
Published: February 2019

This research analyzes and explains the application of conventional taxi marketing strategy of Blue Bird in face of online application based transportation competition in Surabaya Indonesia. This research uses qualitative phenomenological approach. Data were collected from the operational and marketing managers of Blue Bird taxi (1 person), the driver (10 persons), and customer (10 people). To obtain complete information has been done observation, documentation, and interviews with open questions. The results show that Blue Bird's taxi marketing strategy consists of services, prices, distribution, promotion, people, physical evidence and processes that can impact on the company's performance is still not running well in the face of competition of online application-based transportation services. In terms of distribution strategies, people, physical evidence, and processes have been excellent but in product strategy, service, pricing, and promotional strategies are still in a weak condition. The implication of this research is that Blue Bird companies can improve their service innovation primarily on technology aspects, and then lower tariffs for consumers, and lastly use the internet medium to improve efficiency and cheaper than others so as to compete with online-based applications transportation services in Surabaya.
Studi good corporate governance dan kinerja saham perusahaan publik pada sektor manufaktur di Indonesia
Authors: Putri Indhira , Iramani Iramani
Published: February 2019

This study aimed to examine the effect of Good Corporate Governance on manufacturing companies. The researchers used the boards of the commissioner, managerial ownership, independent commissioner, and foreign ownership as Good Corporate Governance’s proxy on the performance of the stock. The independent variables consist of the boards of the commissioner, managerial ownership, independent commissioner, and foreign ownership. The performance of stock is used by using stock return as measurement and dependent variable. The sample consists of manufacturing companies of the period of 2010-201. The hypothesis was tested by using multiple regression linear. Simultaneously, the boards of commissioners, managerial ownership, independent commissioner, and foreign ownership significantly affect the performance of the stock. Partially, the boards of commissioner negative significantly affect the performance of the stock. In addition, the managerial ownership and independent commissioner do not significantly affect the performance of the stock. Yet, the foreign ownership positively and significantly affects the performance of the stock.
Relationship between climate trends and grassland yield across contrasting European locations
Authors: Goliński Piotr , Czerwiński Marek , Jørgensen Marit , Mølmann Jørgen A.B. , Golińska Barbara , Taff Gregory
Published: February 2019

We investigated climatic trends in two contrasting locations in Europe at a regional level and at two specific sites, and we analysed how these trends are associated with the dry matter yield (DMY) of agriculturally improved grasslands. Trends of different meteorological variables were evaluated for Wielkopolska province, central Poland (1985-2014) and Troms county, northern Norway (1989-2015), as well as for two research stations located in these regions. Significant trends of increased mean air temperatures annually, and in April, June, July, August and November were identified both at the regional and site levels in Wielkopolska. In addition, growing degree days were increasing in Wielkopolska. In Troms, the common trends for the region and site studied were increase in mean air temperature in May and decrease in January. Grassland DMY was subsequently regressed against those meteorological variables for which significant trends were detected. In the Wielkopolska region, yields were negatively associated with the increase in air temperature in June, August, and the annual air temperature. The last relationship was also detected at the site level. We did not find any significant effects of climate trends on grassland DMY in the Norwegian study site or region.
Chemical modification of neuropeptide Y for human Y1receptor targeting in health and disease
Authors: Hofmann Sven , Bellmann-Sickert Kathrin , Beck-Sickinger Annette G.
Published: February 2019

As a very abundant neuropeptide in the brain and widely distributed peptide hormone in the periphery, neuropeptide Y (NPY) appears to be a multisignaling key peptide. Together with peptide YY, pancreatic polypeptide and the four human G protein-coupled receptor subtypes hY1R, hY2R, hY4R and hY5R it forms the NPY/hYR multiligand/multireceptor system, which is involved in essential physiological processes as well as in human diseases. In particular, NPY-induced hY1R signaling plays a central role in the regulation of food intake and stress response as well as in obesity, mood disorders and cancer. Thus, several hY1R-preferring NPY analogs have been developed as versatile tools to unravel the complex NPY/hY1R signaling in health and disease. Further, these peptides provide basic lead structures for the development of innovative drugs. Here, the current research is summarized focusing on the development of differently sized hY1R-preferring NPY analogs as well as their advances with respect to hY1R profiling, potential therapeutic applications and targeted cancer imaging and therapy. Finally, major limitations and innovative strategies for next generation hY1R-preferring NPY analogs are addressed.
Wolf diet and livestock selection in central Greece
Authors: Petridou Maria , Youlatos Dionisios , Lazarou Yorgos , Selinides Kiriakos , Pylidis Charilaos , Giannakopoulos Alexios , Kati Vassiliki , Iliopoulos Yorgos
Published: February 2019

Understanding the feeding habits of wolves is essential for designing and implementing fundamental management processes across the range of the species. This is even more important within human-dominated areas, such as southern Europe, and more especially Greece. In this context, we analyzed 123 scat samples, collected between 2010 and 2012, from a mixed agricultural, forested and human-dominated area, centered on the municipality of Domokos in central continental Greece. We used standard laboratory procedures for scat analysis and calculated percentages of frequency of occurrence (FO%), average volume (AV%) and biomass index (BM%) to assess diet composition, and estimated prey selectivity. Domestic prey composed the bulk of wolf diet (FO%=73.5, AV%=84.8, BM%=97.2), wild ungulates were almost absent (FO%=0.5, AV%=0.8, BM%=1.2), whereas grass consumption was high in our area (FO%=19.5, AV%=11.0). The high dependence on livestock corroborates previous studies from Greece and other countries in southern Europe. Goat (FO%=46.0, AV%=61.2, BM%=64.9) was the main prey and was strongly selected, with sheep (FO%=11.5, AV%=9.0, BM%=11.2), pig carrion and cattle ranking behind (FO%=11.5, AV%=10.1, BM%=8.7 and FO%=4.5, AV%=4.5, BM%=12.4, respectively). No differences across seasons were detected, except from pig carrion, which increased during winter. The preference for goats is probably associated with its grazing behavior. High livestock consumption generally results in increased human-wolf conflict. Thus, substantial improvement of husbandry practices and restoration of wild ungulate populations are recommended to facilitate wolf-human coexistence in Greece.
‘Ikke snakke norsk?’ – Transnational adolescents and negotiations of family language policy explored through family interview
Authors: Obojska Maria Antonina
Published: February 2019

Multilingual families and their language policies have attracted considerable attention in recent sociolinguistic work. Adding to this line of research, this article focuses on a case study of a transnational Polish family living in Norway and investigates the role adolescent children may play in the formation of family language policies. To this end the article analyses stances towards language practices at home taken in an interaction between the father and one of the adolescent daughters of the family. The article argues that the perspectives of adolescent children may be of crucial importance for the establishment of family language policies and thus deserve scholarly attention. Methodologically, the article draws attention to family interviews as a useful tool in generating sociolinguistic data for studies of Family Language Policies and advocates an interactional approach to interview data.
Isolation and crystal structure of 4-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)amino)-2-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid from Delphinium Grandiflorum, C13H15N1O5
Authors: Li Guo-Qiang , Li Yun-Yi , Zhao Yi-Ting , Xu Qing-Peng , Li Yao-Lan , Wang Guo-Cai
Published: February 2019

C13H15N1O5, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 7.9457(7) Å, b = 8.7190(9) Å, c = 9.9964(10) Å, α = 100.254(8)°, β = 100.036(8)°, γ = 94.760(8)°, V = 666.38(11) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0453, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1243, T = 298 K.
Evolution of the periodic table through the synthesis of new elements
Authors: Chemey Alexander T. , Albrecht-Schmitt Thomas E.
Published: February 2019

This brief introduction to the synthesis and chemistry of elements discovered since 1940 is focused primarily on Z=93–118. The goal of this work is not to simply catalogue the nuclear fusion reactions needed to prepare new elements, but rather to focus on the chemical and physical properties that these elements possess. These elements share a single common feature in that they all have large Z values, and thus have electronic structures that are significantly altered by both scalar relativistic effects and spin-orbit coupling. These effects scale nonlinearly with increasing Z and create unexpected deviations both across series and down groups of elements. The magnitude of these effects is large enough that orbital energies rearrange and mix in ways that complicate incomplete depictions of electronic structure that are based solely on electron repulsion. Thus, the primary aim of this review is to document the impact of relativistic effects on electronic structure and how this has altered not just our understanding of the chemistry of heavy elements, but has even created in the need to rearrange the Periodic Table itself.
Structural, Dielectric and Magnetic Studies of Perovskite [Gd1−xMxCrO3 (M = La, Co, Bi)] Nanoparticles: Photocatalytic Degradation of Dyes
Authors: Bibi Ismat , Hussain Sabir , Majid Farzana , Kamal Shagufta , Ata Sadia , Sultan Misbah , Din Muhammad Imran , Iqbal Munawar , Nazir Arif
Published: February 2019

Nanoparticles (NPs) of Gd1−xMxCrO3 (M = La, Co, Bi) were synthesized by microemulsion techniques, involving simultaneous single ion substitution philosophy. Structural, magnetic, dielectric properties, morphology, elemental analysis and distribution size of fabricated nano-crystalline were determined. The techniques employed for investigation are X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), dielectric measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), photoluminescence (PL) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), respectively. XRD pattern confirm that all the as-synthesized NPs have orthorhombic structure and successfully substituted of different metal ions into the regular crystal structure of GdCrO3. The lattice parameters X-ray density, bulk density, porosity and grain size were calculated from XRD pattern of Gd1−xMxCrO3 (M = La, Co, Bi) substituted and un-substituted GdCrO3. The magnetic hysteresis loop of fabricated product confirmed that the entire sample exhibits ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature. It was also found that the fabricated NPs show excellent photocatalytic activity (PCA) against Congo-red, about 78.24% after 55 min of incubation.
Multiple-Joint Isokinetic Dynamometry: A Critical Review
Authors: Dvir Zeevi , Müller Steffen
Published: February 2019

Dvir, Z and Müller, S. Multiple-joint isokinetic dynamometry: a critical review. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 587–601, 2020—Angular isokinetic dynamometry (AID) is widely regarded as the gold standard for dynamic muscle performance testing. Based on the rotational movement of its actuator, AID targets “single-joint” (knee, shoulder, hip, etc.) configurations namely measurement of muscle potential while it moves the lever arm-limb assembly ostensibly around a single fixed axis. On the other hand, the application of multiple-joint isokinetic dynamometry (MID) is relatively narrow, both in research and in practice. This situation is due, possibly, to the fact that these dynamometers are generally more limited in scope namely to testing/conditioning of combined hip, knee, ankle motion (leg press), combined shoulder, elbow motion, and lifting motion patterns, despite the fact that all 3 are associated with higher functionality. However, with the emerging importance of MID, this critical review takes a fresh look at its various aspects including the terminology and classification of multiple-joint isokinetic dynamometers; the problem of scaling namely the need to adjust the range of motion and linear velocities to subjective anthropometric measures; specific technical and methodological issues that underlie the valid application of these dynamometers; available reference values; and the reproducibility of MID-based test findings. Analysis of these topics indicates that MID may validly and effectively be applied for the assessment and conditioning of specific muscle action patterns. However, there is a clear need for standardization of tests and for conditioning protocols alongside research into the use of this method in various clinical cohorts.
Laboratory Simulator for Geotechnical Penetration Tests
Authors: Ghali Michael , Chekired Mohamed , Karray Mourad
Published: February 2019

The most widely used methods for the in situ investigation of the mechanical characteristics of soil are field penetration tests such as the standard and cone penetration tests, which apply several empirical correlations. Many geotechnical researchers have tried to improve the empirical correlations by analyzing comparisons of field penetration tests and laboratory simulations, as well as virtual numerical simulations. However, geotechnical parameters such as relative density, void ratio range, grain size distribution, angularity, mean particle size, uniformity coefficient, effective overburden stress, and mean confinement stress have interlocking effects. Consequently, the use of calibration chambers, which can simulate ideal conditions for the soil in the laboratory, are essential. The authors have developed an axisymmetric innovative simulator system, not only to perform parametric studies on the aforementioned parameters but also to simulate a range of field conditions under substantially controlled boundary conditions. This article also presents results for a series of calibration tests to prove its applicability on nonplastic silts, sands, and granular materials. Repetitive tests, under identical testing circumstances, verified the accuracy, efficiency, and durability of the system. The current work also correlates with the results of comparative studies to investigate the effectiveness of the simulations.