bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Radio Astronomical and Radiophysical Studies in the Near-Earth Space in the Radiophysical Research Institute
Authors: Snegirev S. D. , Bakhmetieva N. V. , Dugin N. A. , Karashtin A. N. , Uryadov V. P.
Published: February 2017

The paper describes possibilities of the experimental investigations of the near-Earth space by the facilities of the Radiophysical Research Institute at Nizhny Novgorod. We describe the experimental equipment, development of the research methods and some recent results.
Investigation of the Earth Ionosphere Using the Radio Emission of Pulsars
Authors: Ulyanov O. M. , Shevtsova A. I. , Mukha D. V. , Seredkina A. A.
Published: February 2017

The investigation of the Earth ionosphere both in a quiet and a disturbed states is still desirable. Despite recent progress in its modeling and in estimating the electron concentration along the line of sight by GPS signals, the impact of the disturbed ionosphere and magnetic field on the wave propagation still remains not sufficiently understood. This is due to lack of information on the polarization of GPS signals, and due to poorly conditioned models of the ionosphere at high altitudes and strong perturbations. In this article we consider a possibility of using the data of pulsar radio emission, along with the traditional GPS system data, for the vertical and oblique sounding of the ionosphere. This approach also allows to monitor parameters of the propagation medium, such as the dispersion measure and the rotation measure using changes of the polarization between pulses. By using a selected pulsar constellation it is possible to increase the number of directions in which parameters of the ionosphere and the magnetic field can be estimated.
Further Investigation of the Effect of Galaxy Interactions on Star Formation
Authors: Deng Xin-Fa , Zhang Fuyang
Published: February 2017

From the apparent magnitude-limited the Main galaxy sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7, we construct a paired galaxy sample and a control sample without close companions with the projected separations rp
< 100 h
−1 kpc and relative velocity ΔV < 350 km/s, and then perform their comparative studies. It is found that galaxy pairs have significantly lower star formation rate (SFR) and specific star formation rate (SSFR) than galaxies without close companions. We also find that this effect probably originates due to a correlation between the environment and the SFR.
A New High-Precision Correction Method of Temperature Distribution in Model Stellar Atmospheres
Authors: Sapar A. , Poolamäe R. , Sapar L.
Published: February 2017

The main features of the temperature correction methods, suggested and used in modeling of plane-parallel stellar atmospheres, are discussed. The main features of the new method are described. Derivation of the formulae for a version of the Unsöld-Lucy method, used by us in the SMART (Stellar Model Atmospheres and Radiative Transport) software for modeling stellar atmospheres, is presented. The method is based on a correction of the model temperature distribution based on minimizing differences of flux from its accepted constant value and on the requirement of the lack of its gradient, meaning that local source and sink terms of radiation must be equal. The final relative flux constancy obtainable by the method with the SMART code turned out to have the precision of the order of 0.5 %. Some of the rapidly converging iteration steps can be useful before starting the high-precision model correction. The corrections of both the flux value and of its gradient, like in Unsöld-Lucy method, are unavoidably needed to obtain high-precision flux constancy. A new temperature correction method to obtain high-precision flux constancy for plane-parallel LTE model stellar atmospheres is proposed and studied. The non-linear optimization is carried out by the least squares, in which the Levenberg-Marquardt correction method and thereafter additional correction by the Broyden iteration loop were applied. Small finite differences of temperature (δT/T = 10−3) are used in the computations. A single Jacobian step appears to be mostly sufficient to get flux constancy of the order 10−2 %. The dual numbers and their generalization – the dual complex numbers (the duplex numbers) – enable automatically to get the derivatives in the nilpotent part of the dual numbers. A version of the SMART software is in the stage of refactorization to dual and duplex numbers, what enables to get rid of the finite differences, as an additional source of lowering precision of the computed results.
On the Nature of V2282 Sgr
Authors: Nesci R. , Rossi C. , Frasca A. , Marilli E. , Persi P.
Published: February 2017

The star V2282 Sgr is positionally consistent with a strong Chandra X-ray and a Spitzer/IRAC mid-infrared source. We derived its long-term I-band light curve from the photographic archives of the Asiago and Catania Observatories, covering the years from 1965 to 1984. Also, CCD R
C photometry of 2009 was re-analyzed. Optical spectra were collected at the Loiano Observatory in 2011 and 2012. J,H,Ks
photometry, obtained from several sources in different epochs was compared and the Spitzer images were re-analyzed. V2282 Sgr was found to be irregular variable in all wavelengths. Spectroscopically, it shows strong emission features (H Balmer lines, [N II] 6584Å and [O III] 5007/4959Å) while the Na I D-doublet is very strong, indicating a circumstellar envelope. A single thermal energy distribution cannot reproduce the observed SED, while it can be explained as the sum of a G-type star plus a variable circumstellar disk, which mimics YSO of class 0/I. Most likely, V2282 Sgr is a 1–2 M
⊙ mass pre-main-sequence star with an accretion disk.
Optical Spectroscopy of a post-AGB star HD 187885
Authors: Kipper Tõnu
Published: February 2017

The physical parameters of the atmosphere and its chemical composition for a post-AGB star HD 187885 are determined from high resolution spectra. The effective temperature T
eff = 8000 ± 200 K and the surface gravity log g = 1.0 ± 0.3 were derived. The star was found to be metal-deficient with [Fe/H] = −0.51. The α-elements, except of Ca and Ti, and the s-process elements are overabundant. These results partly confirm and supplement the data available in the literature. The spectrum shows many circumstellar lines formed in the multiple expanding shells. Numerous diffuse interstellar bands seen in the spectra may also originate in the same shells.
Dynamics of Cosmic Neutrinos in Galaxies
Authors: Sapar A.
Published: February 2017

The cosmic background of massive (about 1 eV rest-energy) neutrinos can be cooled to extremely low temperatures, reaching almost completely degenerated state. The Fermi velocity of the neutrinos becomes less than 100 km/s. The equations of dynamics for the cosmic background neutrinos are derived for the spherical and axisymmetrical thin circular disk galaxies. The equations comprise the gravitational potential and gravity of the uniform baryonic disk galaxies. Then the equations are integrated analytically over the disk radius. The constant radial neutrino flux in spherical galaxies favors formation of the wide unipotential wells in them. The neutrino flux in the axisymmetrical galaxies suggests to favor the evolution in the direction of a spherically symmetrical potential. The generated unipotential wells are observed as plateaux in the velocity curves of circular stellar orbits. The constant neutrino density at galactic centers gives the linear part of the curves. The derived system of quasilinear differential equations for neutrinos in the axisymmetrical galaxies have been reduced to the system of the Lagrange-Charpit equations: the coupled differential equations, specifying the local neutrino velocities and dynamics of motion along trajectories, and an additional interconnected equation of the neutrino mass conservation, which can be applied for the determination of density of the neutrino component in galaxies.
Cosmic-Ray Induced Diffusion in Interstellar Ices
Authors: Kalvāns Juris
Published: February 2017

Cosmic rays are able to heat interstellar dust grains. This may enhance molecule mobility in icy mantles that have accumulated on the grains in dark cloud cores. A three-phase astrochemical model was used to investigate the molecule mobility in interstellar ices. Specifically, diffusion through pores in ice between the subsurface mantle and outer surface, assisted by whole-grain heating, was considered. It was found that the pores can serve as an efficient transport route for light species. The diffusion of chemical radicals from the mantle to the outer surface are most effective. These species accumulate in the mantle because of photodissociation by the cosmic-ray induced photons. The faster diffusion of hydrogen within the warm ice enhances the hydrogenation of radicals on pore surfaces. The overall result of the whole grain heating-induced radial diffusion in ice are higher abundances of ice species, whose synthesis involve light radicals. Examples of stable species synthesized this way include complex organic molecules, OCS, H
Models of Late-type Disk Galaxies: 1-D Versus 2-D
Authors: Mineikis T. , Vansevičius V.
Published: February 2017

We investigate the effects of stochasticity on the observed galaxy parameters by comparing our stochastic star formation two-dimensional (2-D) galaxy evolution models with the commonly used one-dimensional (1-D) models with smooth star formation. The 2-D stochastic models predict high variability of the star formation rate and the surface photometric parameters across the galactic disks and in time.
Observations of Two Unusual Eclipsing Binaries, FN Cam and AG Vir
Authors: Avvakumova E. A. , Malkov O. Yu. , Popov A. A. , Kniazev A. Yu.
Published: February 2017

Based on the results of classification of eclipsing binaries, we have compiled a list of stars that are promising objects for future study. We have started an observational campaign with telescopes of the Kourovka Observatory, Russia and present the first results of this work.
Medium Resolution Spectroscopy and Chemical Composition of Galactic Globular Clusters
Authors: Khamidullina D. A. , Sharina M. E. , Shimansky V. V. , Davoust E.
Published: February 2017

We used integrated-light medium-resolution spectra of six Galactic globular clusters and model stellar atmospheres to carry out population synthesis and to derive chemical composition and age of the clusters. We used medium-resolution spectra of globular clusters published by Schiavon et al. (2005), as well as our long-slit observations with the 1.93 m telescope of the Haute Provence Observatory. The observed spectra were fitted to the theoretical ones interactively. As an initial approach, we used masses, radii and log g of stars in the clusters corresponding to the best fitting isochrones in the observed color-magnitude diagrams. The computed synthetic blanketed spectra of stars were summed according to the Chabrier mass function. To improve the determination of age and helium content, the shape and depth of the Balmer absorption lines was analysed. The abundances of Mg, Ca, C and several other elements were derived. A reasonable agreement with the literature data both in chemical composition and in age of the clusters is found. Our method might be useful for the development of stellar population models and for a better understanding of extragalactic star clusters.
On Cluster Rotation in the Galactic Tidal Field
Authors: Ossipkov Leonid P.
Published: February 2017

The dynamics of a rotating star cluster moving along a circular orbit in the axisymmetrical steady Galaxy is considered. The generalized tensor virial theorem allows to estimate its rotation speed. Conditions for direct and retrograde rotation in the galactic plane are found.
Some Self-consistent Models of Infinitely thin Stellar Disks with an Elliptical Velocity Distribution
Authors: Ossipkov L. P.
Published: February 2017

Distribution functions are found for some models of mass distribution in infinitely thin disks with an elliptical velocity distribution (Maclaurin, Kuzmin-Toomre, Hénon and Mestel disks).
Survival Probability for a Hypervelocity Star in Close Neighborhood of a Supermassive Black Hole
Authors: Dryomova G. , Dryomov V. , Tutukov A.
Published: February 2017

We present the results of numerical simulation on the probability of formation of a Hypervelocity Star (HVS) in the scenario of dynamic capture of a close binary system by the central black hole in the Galaxy and on the probability of its survival in the strong tidal field in the vicinity of the black hole. The results have been obtained for a series of pericentric distances. We applied a two-level numerical simulation implemented at first in the framework of the three-body problem used for evaluation of the HVS ejection velocity and then as an N-body approach that allowed us to establish the final status of the star: the degree of its destruction and mass loss. Probability estimations are based on a statistical ensemble of 10 000 initial configurations of the close binary with respect to the orbital phase of the components as well as to the inclination of the binary orbit to the plane of the orbit around the super-massive black hole and on the ensemble of 50 configurations for the three-body and N-body approaches, respectively.
Interstellar Matter Structure along the Line of Sight to Cyg X-1
Authors: Bochkarev N. G. , Karitskaya E. A. , Klochkova V. G. , Yushkin M. V.
Published: February 2017

High-resolution spectra (R = 60 000) of Cyg X-1 = V1357 Cyg obtained with the NES echelle spectrograph of the Russian 6 meter telescope (3950–6690 Å) were used to study narrow interstellar absorption lines. We resolved the interstellar line blends by fitting them with Gaussian profiles. The main three absorption components, with the heliocentric radial velocities V
r = −1, −13 and −26 km s−1, were revealed. They correspond to three interstellar gas and dust complexes along the line of sight to the object. Thus, we get information on the distribution of interstellar matter along the way to Cyg X-1. The interstellar calcium abundance and ionization degree, averaged along the line of sight, were determined. A weak component with V
r = −43 km s−1 is revealed in the profiles of the strongest lines. We relate it to the approaching wall of the expanding interstellar envelope around the Cyg OB3 association (superbubble). This finding supports the view that Cyg X-1 was born in this stellar association and is still located in it.
Abundances of Chemical Elements in Open Star Clusters as Indicators of their Nature
Authors: Marsakov V. A. , Gozha M. L. , Koval’ V. V. , Shpigel’ L. V.
Published: February 2017

Applying a compilled catalog, we find that the relative abundances of α-elements in open clusters and in field stars of the thin disk of the Galaxy show different dependencies on metallicity, age and parameters of their Galactic orbits. The distinctions are explained by different nature of open clusters and field stars. We confirm the conclusions, reached earlier from the analysis of the parameters of Galactic orbits, that some clusters may have formed from the impact of metal-poor high-velocity clouds on the interstellar matter of the thin disk. Arguments are also adduced in favor of the formation of metal-rich high-velocity clusters from the interaction of metal-rich intermediate-velocity clouds formed from returning gas of the Galactic “fountain” with the interstellar medium of the thin disk.
A New Estimate of the Local Standard of Rest from Data on Young Objects
Authors: Bobylev V. V. , Bajkova A. T.
Published: February 2017

To estimate the peculiar velocity of the Sun with respect to the Local Standard of Rest (LSR), we use young objects in the Solar neighborhood with distance measurement errors within 10%–15%. These objects include the nearest Hipparcos O–B2.5 type stars, masers with VLBI trigonometric parallaxes, and two samples consisting of the youngest and middle-aged Cepheids. The most significant component of motion of all these stars is induced by the spiral density wave. An analysis of all these samples, taking into account differential Galactic rotation and the effect of the spiral density wave, yields the following components of the vector of the peculiar velocity of the Sun with respect to the LSR: (U
⊙, V
⊙, W
⊙)LSR = (6.0, 10.6, 6.5) ± (0.5, 0.8, 0.3) km s−1. We found the Solar velocity components (U
⊙)LSR and (V
⊙)LSR to be highly sensitive to the Solar radial phase χ⊙ in the spiral density wave.
Structure and Kinematics of Polar Ring Galaxies: New Observations and Estimation of the Dark Halo Shape
Authors: Moiseev A. , Khoperskov S. , Khoperskov A. , Smirnova K. , Smirnova A. , Saburova A. , Reshetnikov V.
Published: February 2017

The polar ring galaxies (PRGs) represent an interesting type of peculiar systems in which the outer matter is rotating in the plane which is roughly perpendicular to the disk of the main galaxy. Despite the long-lasting study of the PRGs, the amount of observational data detailed enough is insufficient; there still remain many open questions. Among the most interesting issues, there are: estimating the flattening of dark matter halos in these systems and verifying the assumption that the most massive polar structures were formed by accretion of the matter from intergalactic filaments. The new catalog recently compiled by our team using SDSS images increased, by several times, the number of known PRGs. The current paper gives an overview of our latest results on the study of morphological and photometric structure of the PRGs. Using the stellar and ionized gas kinematics data based on spectroscopic observations with the Russian 6-m telescope, we estimate the shape of dark matter halo in individual galaxies.
The Possibility of a Deep Scanning Survey of Part of the Sky from a Low-Orbit Spacecraft with Fixed Orbital Orientation
Authors: Prokhorov M. E. , Zakharov A. I. , Mironov A. V. , Biryukov A. V. , Stekol’shchikov O. Yu. , Tuchin M. S. , Zhukov A. O.
Published: February 2017

We analyze the possibility of performing a deep survey of a part of the sky near the poles of the spacecraft orbit from a low-orbit spacecraft with fixed orbital orientation. The survey depth can be increased by several magnitudes by reducing the surveyed sky area to strips along one or two minor circles at constant declination. The surveyed area is scanned by precession of the spacecraft.
UBVJHKLM Photometry and Low-Resolution Spectroscopy of Nova Delphini 2013 (V339 Del)
Authors: Burlak M. A. , Esipov V. F. , Komissarova G. V. , Shenavrin V. I. , Taranova O. G. , Tatarnikov A. M. , Tatarnikova A. A.
Published: February 2017

We present UBVJHKLM photometric observations of Nova Delphini 2013 that started several hours before maximum light and lasted for 130 nights. Using the obtained data, we derived several photometric parameters of the Nova: the time of maximum light, brightness at maximum, rate of decline, t
2 = 11 d. This places Nova Del 2013 among fast novae according to the classification introduced by Payne-Gaposchkin. We estimated the interstellar reddening EB−V
= 0.18 using maps of Galactic extinction and the absolute brightness in maximum light via the MMRD relation that allowed us to determine the distance D ≈ 2.7 kpc and height above the Galactic plane z ≈ 440 pc. Low-resolution spectroscopy shows that Nova Del 2013 belongs to the Fe II spectral type of novae. The broad emission feature near 6825 Å observed during 2013 August and September may be the Raman-scattered OVI 1032 Å line.
Detection of Unresolved Binaries with Multicolor Photometry
Authors: Chulkov D. , Prokhorov M. , Malkov O. , Sichevskij S. , Krussanova N. , Mironov A. , Zakharov A. , Kniazev A.
Published: February 2017

The principal goal of this paper is to specify conditions of detection of unresolved binaries by multicolor photometry. We have developed a method for estimating the critical distance at which an unresolved binary of given mass and age can be detected. The method is applied to the photometric system of the planned Lyra-B spaceborne experiment. We have shown that some types of unresolved binary stars can be discovered and distinguished from single stars solely by means of photometric observations.
On Equilibrium Figures of Particle Clouds around the Sun and Stars
Authors: Kondratyev B. P. , Trubitsina N. G.
Published: February 2017

Equilibrium figures of cold gas-dust (or cometary) clouds are studied in a more general setting than the classical Roche problem. The cloud is considered to be under the influence of gravitational attraction of the central star and the tidal field of the Galaxy. Our analysis also takes into account the centrifugal forces due to the rotation of the cloud, which moves around the center of the stellar system together with the star. The limit equilibrium figure is found to have three planes of symmetry and to be shaped like a “lemon” with lateral swellings and two singular points. The shape of this figure and its cusp angles in the planes of two main sections are calculated. The average density inside the equilibrium figure is shown to be almost exactly equal to the average density of matter in the Galaxy. This coincidence cannot be accidental and means that equilibrium figures with the critical level of the total surface potential fill the entire volume of the Galaxy. A possible consequence is that the cometary clouds of neighboring stars in the Galaxy may touch each other (or even intersect because of the presence of dark matter). Hence stars may exchange comets and part of the comets in the Solar System may belong to other stars.
Destruction of Globular Clusters in the Galactic Gravitational Field
Authors: Ryabova M. V. , Shchekinov Yu. A.
Published: February 2017

We present some results of numerical simulation of a dynamical evolution of globular clusters in the tidal field of the Galaxy. An analytical description of tidal destruction of such clusters and simple estimate of their lifetimes are proposed.
Velocity Dispersion of Ionized Gas and Multiple Supernova Explosions
Authors: Vasiliev E. O. , Moiseev A. V. , Shchekinov Yu. A.
Published: February 2017

We use 3D numerical simulations to study the evolution of the Hα intensity and velocity dispersion for single and multiple supernova (SN) explosions. We find that the I
Hα
– σ diagram obtained for simulated gas flows is similar in shape to that observed in dwarf galaxies. We conclude that colliding SN shells with significant difference in age are responsible for high velocity dispersion that reaches up to ≳ 100 km s−1. Such a high velocity dispersion could be hardly obtained for a single SN remnant. Peaks of velocity dispersion in the I
Hα
– σ diagram may correspond to several isolated or merged SN remnants with moderately different ages. Degrading the spatial resolution in the Hα intensity and velocity dispersion maps makes the simulated I
Hα
– σ diagrams close to those observed in dwarf galaxies not only in shape, but also quantitatively.
Structural and Morphological Properties of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies at 1 < z < 3
Authors: Fang Guanwen , Ma Zhongyang , Chen Yang , Kong Xu
Published: February 2017

Using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) near-infrared high-resolution imaging from the 3D-HST survey, we analyze the morphology and structure of 502 ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs; L
IR > 1012
L
⊙) at 1 < z < 3. Their rest-frame optical morphologies show that high-redshift ULIRGs are a mixture of mergers or interacting systems, irregular galaxies, disks, and ellipticals. Most of ULIRGs in our sample can be roughly divided into merging systems and late-type galaxies (Sb−Ir), with relatively high M
20 (> −1.7) and small Sérsic index (n < 2.5), while others are elliptical-like (E/S0/Sa) morphologies with lower M
20 (< −1.7) and larger n (> 2.5). The morphological diversities of ULIRGs suggest that there are different formation processes for these galaxies. Merger processes between galaxies and disk instabilities play an important role in the formation and evolution of ULIRGs at high redshift. In the meantime, we also find that the evolution of the size (r
e) with redshift of ULIRGs at redshift z ∼ 1 ∼ 3 follows the relation r
e ∝ (1 + z)−(0.96±0.23).
Supershells in the M33 Galaxy
Authors: Leščinskaitė A. , Stonkutė R. , Vansevičius V.
Published: February 2017

We report preliminary results of the study of 18 supershells located in the Southern arm of the M33 galaxy. Their age, size, and expansion velocity were determined and compared with the parameters of the HI holes detected in M33. We conclude that the accurate identification of the supershells from HI observations can be effectively supplemented by simultaneous use of the Hα, CO, and dust emission maps, as well as resolved stellar photometry data.
Early Photometric and Spectral Evolution of Nova Cygni 2014 (V2659 Cyg)
Authors: Burlak M. A. , Esipov V. F. , Komissarova G. V.
Published: February 2017

We present optical spectroscopic and
A Search for New Open Clusters Hosting Cepheids
Authors: Glushkova E. V. , Zabolotskikh M. V. , Rastorguev A. S. , Grudskaya A. V.
Published: February 2017

We analyze yet-unknown genetic links between open star clusters (OSCs) and galactic Cepheids and report the results of the new search for Cepheids – probable OSC members. A sample of 25% of the stars from a new catalog by Berdnikov (published in
A Study of Double- and Multi-mode RR Lyrae Variables
Authors: Khruslov A. V.
Published: February 2017

We present the results of our new study of known RR Lyrae variable stars. All observations available for these stars in the Catalina Surveys were analyzed, and double-mode variations were identified. We studied the Petersen diagram and the period distribution for the double-mode RR Lyrae variables in the Galactic field, pulsating in the first-overtone and fundamental modes. The double-peaked character of the period distribution was detected for Galactic RR(B) stars, corresponding to Oosterhoff’s classes of globular clusters, which indicates that the age and evolution stage of RR(B) stars in the field and RR Lyrae variables in globular clusters are probably the same. Besides, we discovered five RRC stars with two simultaneously excited non-radial pulsations (equidistant triplets).
Current Star Formation in the Outer Rings among Early-type Disk Galaxies
Authors: Kostiuk I. P. , Sil’chenko O. K.
Published: February 2017

We use ARRAKIS, the atlas of stellar rings in galaxies (
Minor Planet Databases
Authors: Rykhlova L. , Bakanas E.
Published: February 2017

We cast a retrospective look at the mankind’s acquaintance with minor bodies of the Solar System, at the explosive growth in their discoveries resulting from the technological progress, and at gradual understanding of the danger to our very existence that some of them might actually pose. Then, we review current effort, of the astronomical community in general and of its Russian part in particular, to integrate our rapidly expanding knowledge of the potential Earth impactors and to make it readily available online.
The Role of Traditional Workmanship in Urban Conservation of Røros, Norway
Authors: Jarulaitienė Giedrė
Published: February 2017

The paper deals with the question of how changing perceptions of traditional workmanship influenced the remodelling of urban conservation policies and practices in Røros, Norway. The historical overview of shifting conservation policies revealed that varying features were attributed to the multifaceted concept of traditional workmanship. Lastly, the recently performed survey of demand for traditional workmanship in Røros indicated that present conservation practices still face challenges of industrial production due to misinterpretation of the concept of traditional workmanship.
Immersion at the Intersection of Technology, Subjectivity and Culture: An Analysis ofSilent Hill 2
Authors: Nae Andrei
Published: February 2017

This paper inspects the concept of immersion in video games as a gradient category resulting from the degrees of interactivity and immediacy. By factoring in the objective technological affordances of media, as well as the subjective impression that these affordances help create, and the culturally constructed nature of gameplay experience, I argue that high degrees of interactivity and immediacy are not achieved solely by giving the player more freedom of action, and, respectively, by inflecting the content of the narrative as little as possible with the medium’s specific narrative affordances. Quite on the contrary, it is necessary that freedom be limited and content be manipulated for the video game to have high degrees of narrativity and playability, thus ensuring player engagement. In the absence of player engagement, the mediated nature of gaming experience becomes obvious and the level of immersion decreases. In the last section, I explore the relationship between video games and film and point out the consequences the remediation of film has regarding the level of immediacy.1
Hypertheatre or Media Entanglement in the Theatre of Jay Scheib
Authors: Deaca Mircea Valeriu
Published: February 2017

The theatre of Jay Scheib blends theatrical and filmic features, allowing for a theoretical investigation of the manner in which two different media coexist on the same expressive support. How can two distinct media like film and theatre fuse and, at the same time, be apprehended as separate artistic means in a single artifact? The present article uses a theoretical interpretive metaphor that rests on an application of the mechanisms of relationship between two physical systems issued from the quantum mechanical view of reality. From this perspective, the two afore-mentioned media are in an entangled state. Media is understood as “potential materials or forms for future practices,” or “automatisms” (Rodowick 2007, 42). At the same time, theatrical or cinematic media is apprehended by the audience in a dynamic way, not defined as a static bundle of defining features. Dynamic conceptualization will modulate or “tune” the comprehension of one of the media considered to be a subordinate system in the duplex. The blending of the two media presupposes a local conceptualization unfolding dynamically and an entangled one manifested nonlocal. The distinction between film and theatre is also to be seen as a difference in the cognitive model which posits a detached display (a screen/a scene), an imaginary world (a diegesis) and a spectator (observer). In theatre, the body of the observer is inside the theatrical display setting, while in film, the body of the viewer is conceptualized to be separated from the cinematic display. The notion of threshold, introduced by Dudley Andrew (2010), renders this shift of attention from one side of the display to the other.
Paul Leni’s Waxworks: Writing Images from Silence, through Media and Philosophy
Authors: Marcondes Ciro Inácio
Published: February 2017

The so-called German Weimar Cinema encompasses a profusion of films that used frame narratives. In the case of Paul Leni’s Waxworks (Das Wachsfigurenkabinett, 1924), as the framing stems from a literary act (the stories are framed by the act of narration), the film proposes the mise-en-abyme technique as a sort of immersion into the intermedial when it deals with notions like speaking, writing, silence, image and cinema. In the case of silent cinema, and especially in Waxworks, the presence of a perverse relation with the medium of writing becomes noticeable (producing a fantasy of writing), since every effort to represent the literary act on film results in an infinite production of silent images, creating a parody effect and even postulating an act of aggression against writing. This confrontational relation between the writing code and the code of the mute image in silent cinema allows us to suggest that there is an inherent inflexibility in the language of silent cinema which does not allow the coexistence of written and spoken word as complementary codes. On the contrary, in silent cinema, the image and the silence of the film seem to work against the word, the spoken word being set forth against silence, and the written word against images.
Ken Jacobs and the Perverted Archival Image
Authors: Gonçalo Pablo
Published: February 2017

This paper analyses two recent works by American filmmaker Ken Jacobs that deal with aspects of remediation. The first isA Tom Tom Chaser, in which Jacobs records the telecine process that transforms the classic silent filmTom, Tom, the Piper’s Sonfrom chemical into electronic media. The film is riddled with poetic turns inviting the audience to rediscover the medial noise hidden by images. Moreover, Jacobs focuses on the moment of transition from a material medium (the film strip) to the immaterial (the image, the video), so that the noise brings the viewer closer to a perception or brief capture of the medium in itself. Images are both figured and disfigured along this process. The second work isThe Guests, an unconventional 3D film in which Jacobs transforms a short take from a Lumière Brothers film by discovering unseen views of the original footage. In his remediation of the 3D technology, Jacobs employs the Pulfrich effect, which allows him to blur the images of the archival film and to create instances of uncertainty between the views coming from the two human eyes. As a result of this procedure, the characters in the film seem to look directly at the audience. The analysis of both films highlights the poetry of the typical manoeuvre by which Jacobs perverts the archival medium, whereupon the viewing mode between media denaturalizes the usual media gaze (framed and representational), focusing on the moment of viewing in itself. This, as a result, favours the medium for what it is and subverts the gaze that expects something representational, discursive, perhaps story-driven.
History, Cultural Memory and Intermediality in Radu Jude’sAferim!
Authors: Pieldner Judit
Published: February 2017

A historical drama that can be interpreted at the juncture of theoretical discourses (heritage film, auteur film), genres (historical film, western, road movie) and representational modes (connecting to, but subverting the master narrative of Romanian historical cinema), Radu Jude’sAferim!(2015) has attracted the attention of the international public by the unique response that it gives to the tradition of representation of the (Romanian) historical past. Its unmatched character even within New Romanian Cinema can be attributed to the fact that it does not focus on tensions of the post-communist condition or their antecedents in the recent communist past; instead, it goes back in history to a much earlier period, to the Romanianancien régime, after the Ottoman occupation and before the abolition of Gypsy slavery, only to point at the historical roots of current social problems. Through its ingenuous (inter)medial solutions (black-and-white film, with an implied media-archaeological purport; periodmise en scènebut with an assumed artificiality and constructedness; a simple linear plot infused with a dense dialogue in archaic Romanian, drawn from a multitude of literary and historical sources; a sweeping panorama of 19th-century Wallachian society presented in a succession oftableaucompositions), Radu Jude’s ironical-critical collage defetishizes the traditional historical iconography and debunks the mythical national imaginary, unveiling the traumatic history of an ethnic and racial mix.1
Optical tweezers studies of transcription by eukaryotic RNA polymerases
Authors: Lisica Ana , Grill Stephan W.
Published: February 2017

Transcription is the first step in the expression of genetic information and it is carried out by large macromolecular enzymes called RNA polymerases. Transcription has been studied for many years and with a myriad of experimental techniques, ranging from bulk studies to high-resolution transcript sequencing. In this review, we emphasise the advantages of using single-molecule techniques, particularly optical tweezers, to study transcription dynamics. We give an overview of the latest results in the single-molecule transcription field, focusing on transcription by eukaryotic RNA polymerases. Finally, we evaluate recent quantitative models that describe the biophysics of RNA polymerase translocation and backtracking dynamics.
Influence of temperature gradient on surface texture measurements with the use of profilometry
Authors: Miller T. , Adamczak S. , Świderski J. , Wieczorowski M. , Łętocha A. , Gapiński B.
Published: February 2017

The paper presents an analysis of influence of ambient temperature changes on the values of parameters in topography measurements with the use of different profilometry techniques. In order to check this, a series of measurements was performed. Two multiprofilometry instruments were used - a contact profilometer, further equipped with an interferometric transducer, and an optical one with a confocal probe. Measurements were performed on first-class flat interferometric glass and on an A-type roughness standard - under different conditions, with simultaneous registration of differences in ambient temperature values. These values were either intentionally changed or the temperature variations were the result of air conditioning control. The performed research showed that - despite the asperities on the surface being really small - there is a relationship between changes of temperature and the results obtained from the measured surface, which in some cases can be seriously distorted.
Denoising methods for improving automatic segmentation in OCT images of human eye
Authors: Stankiewicz A. , Marciniak T. , Dąbrowski A. , Stopa M. , Rakowicz P. , Marciniak E.
Published: February 2017

This paper presents analysis of selected noise reduction methods used in optical coherence tomography (OCT) retina images (the socalled B-scans). The tested algorithms include median and averaging filtering, anisotropic diffusion, soft wavelet thresholding, and multiframe wavelet thresholding. Precision of the denoising process was evaluated based on the results of automated retina layers segmentation, since this stage (vital for ophthalmic diagnosis) is strongly dependent on the image quality. Experiments were conducted with a set of 3D low quality scans obtained from 10 healthy patients and 10 patients with vitreoretinal pathologies. Influence of each method on the automatic image segmentation for both groups of patients is thoroughly described. Manual annotations of investigated retina layers provided by ophthalmology experts served as reference data for evaluation of the segmentation algorithm.
Misdiagnosis of cerebellar hemorrhage – features of ‘pseudo-gastroenteritis’ clinical presentations to the ED and primary care
Authors: Lee Seung-Han , Stanton Victoria , Rothman Richard E. , Crain Barbara , Wityk Robert , Wang Zheyu , Newman-Toker David E.
Published: February 2017

Background:

Early-stage cerebellar hemorrhage can present with nausea or vomiting absent other neurological symptoms or signs, potentially leading to an incorrect diagnosis of gastroenteritis. We sought to determine the frequency of gastroenteritis-like presentations and delayed or missed diagnoses among patients with spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage.

Methods:

This is a retrospective, case-control analysis of atraumatic, primary cerebellar hemorrhages derived from a systematic search of surgical pathology and autopsy databases at two large urban, academic medical centers from 1984 to 2006. Hospital visit and clinical symptom data were abstracted from electronic and paper medical records for included patients. Delayed or missed diagnoses were defined as those at least one previous visit for relevant clinical symptoms in the 7 days prior to the correct diagnosis being confirmed.

Results:

Among 254 records captured by our search filter, we identified 35 cases of pathologically proven primary cerebellar hemorrhage. Four patients (11%) were misdiagnosed initially – three with “gastroenteritis” and one with “hypertension”. In this small sample, misdiagnosed patients presented more often with normal mental state (100% vs. 35%, p=0.07) and nausea/vomiting (100% vs. 58%, p=0.22). Although patients deteriorated clinically after the initial misdiagnosis, and potentially dangerous diagnostic tests and treatment strategies were instituted as a result of misdiagnosis, none of the misdiagnosed patients died or suffered major permanent harms due to diagnostic delay.

Conclusions:

Our study is limited by the small number of identified cases. Nevertheless, it appears that patients with cerebellar hemorrhages can present with relatively unimpressive clinical findings without obvious neurological manifestations. Such individuals are sometimes misdiagnosed with gastroenteritis or other benign disorders initially, possibly when neurologic examination, particularly gait testing, is omitted or abridged. A careful search for subtle cerebellar signs, including dysarthria, limb ataxia, nystagmus or tandem gait instability, absent in true gastroenteritis cases, could potentially reduce misdiagnosis.
Aseptic myonecrosis following intramuscular benzathine penicllin G injection: a novel syndrome
Authors: Ryan Nicholas , Olson Andrew
Published: February 2017

We report a novel syndrome of aseptic myonecrosis in a child occurring after intramuscular (IM) benzathine penicillin G injection for the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis. Common side effects of IM injection, including transient injection site pain and inflammation, are common and well described. However, isolated myonecrosis following IM injection in the pediatric patient has not been previously reported. Only one similar case, following IM diclofenac injection, has been discussed in the adult literature.
Central and peripheral control of food intake
Authors: Abdalla M. M. I.
Published: February 2017

The maintenance of the body weight at a stable level is a major determinant in keeping the higher animals and mammals survive. Th e body weight depends on the balance between the energy intake and energy expenditure. Increased food intake over the energy expenditure of prolonged time period results in an obesity. Th e obesity has become an important worldwide health problem, even at low levels. The obesity has an evil effect on the health and is associated with a shorter life expectancy. A complex of central and peripheral physiological signals is involved in the control of the food intake. Centrally, the food intake is controlled by the hypothalamus, the brainstem, and endocannabinoids and peripherally by the satiety and adiposity signals. Comprehension of the signals that control food intake and energy balance may open a new therapeutic approaches directed against the obesity and its associated complications, as is the insulin resistance and others. In conclusion, the present review summarizes the current knowledge about the complex system of the peripheral and central regulatory mechanisms of food intake and their potential therapeutic implications in the treatment of obesity.
Effects of the Washington Consensus on the Macroeconomic Stability of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Kasumović Merim , Hadžialić Dino
Published: February 2017

With regard to the specific situation and problems in Bosnia and Herzegovina this paper will analyse the effects caused by adhering to the rules of the Washington Consensus, and thus will determine to which extent they have influenced the stability of the macroeconomic indicators in Bosnia and Herzegovina and will explain how the rules affect the stability of macroeconomic indicators of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The main thesis of the Washington Consensus is that by following the measures of the same the macroeconomic situation in the country becomes more stabilised. However, stabilization often cannot sustain in the long term and this situation in the economy can be regarded as quasi-macroeconomic stability.

The application of the Washington Consensus produces a quasi-macroeconomic stability of Bosnia and Herzegovina since the high level of unemployment exists due to a low inflation. Contrary to the neoliberal Washington Consensus profile, whose main goal is the maintenance of steady conditions in budgets through fiscal stabilization policies, the paper stresses the need to solve the permanent high unemployment rate as the main macroeconomic problem Bosnia and Herzegovina’s.
Economic Crisis and Macro-economic Status of Small and Medium Enterprises
Authors: Lukić Zoran , Petrović Dragan , Marelj Rankica
Published: February 2017

Small and medium enterprises comprise an optimal unity with large enterprises. Such approach provides an effective long-term economic structure. In the EU, the number of employees and added value of SMEs grew until 2008, followed by a stagnant trend during the crisis in the EU. As early as 2010, the added value started recovering, while a number of companies and employees stagnated. As for BiH, SMEs revenues dropped in the period from 2008 to 2009, followed by their recovery and growth, while the investments maintained constant decline to the end of the observed period. Macroeconomic indicators do not indicate a radical change of trends from 2008 to 2011. In that period, the EU recorded significant oscillations. Correlation analysis for BiH has shown an interconnection between GDP and industrial production, with SMEs revenues. The ratio of investments and SMEs revenues does not indicate the existence of a correlation. The economic crisis and instability of BiH affect the poor economic situation. BiH underutilizes EU funds for SME development. The EU Programme for SMEs and job creation has failed to demonstrate significant results in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Balkan region. The economic crisis and instability affect the economic situation in BiH. Stimulus of creating new and expansion of existing SMEs is a prerequisite for economic recovery of the country in times of crisis and in the periods of economic prosperity.
Financial Networks as a Source of Systemic Instability
Authors: Zieliński Tomasz
Published: February 2017

Systemic risk is a fundamental constituent of contemporary financial systems. For the past decades a growing number of abrupt upsets in financial systems could be observed. Due to previous experiences, politicians and regulators prefer to identify the offenders outside the system or to blame one of the entities inside the system. However, nowadays many disasters in anthropogenic systems cannot be perceived that way. They are often results of inappropriate interactions rather than external or internal impulses. This requires a paradigm shift in thinking about systemic risk. A component-oriented perspective should be nowadays replaced with a network-oriented view. Closer insight into the concept of systemic risk can refer to the model of the system composed of a huge number of interconnected components. In such a system, systemic risk is usually considered to have a ‘cascading’, ‘domino’ or ‘contagion’ effect, resulting from strong connections. An initial failure could have disastrous effects and cause extreme damage as the number of network nodes goes to infinity. Strongly interconnected, complex dynamic systems cannot be understood by the simple sum of their components’ properties, in contrast to loosely coupled systems. What makes the behaviour of complex financial systems particularly unpredictable is that systemic failures may occur even if everybody involved is highly skilled, highly motivated and behaving properly.
Towards Data Oriented Analysis of the Art Market: Survey and Outlook
Authors: Filipiak Dominik , Filipowska Agata
Published: February 2017

Due to the constantly growing interest in alternative investments, the art market has become the subject of numerous studies. By publishing sales data, many services and auction houses provide a foundation for further research on the latest trends. Determining the definition of the artistic value or formalisation of appraisal may be considered quite complex. Statistical analysis, econometric methods or data mining techniques could pave the way towards better understanding of the mechanisms occurring on the art market. The goal of this paper is to identify, describe and compare solutions (and related challenges) that help to analyse, make decisions and define state of the art in the context of the intersection of econometrics on art markets and computer science. This work is also a starting point for further research.