bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in risk factors for flare-ups in patients with lumbar radicular pain may depend on the definition of flare
Authors: Dawu Wang , Kaiting Li , Dawei Chen , Yuzhang Tao , Weiwei Yi
Published: August 2024

Objectives

The objective was to determine whether specific physical activity (PA) or psychological stress factors are associated with different definitions of flare-ups (pain-defined flares [PDFs]: periods of increased pain lasting at least 2 h, when pain intensity is distinctly worse than it has been recently; and non-pain-defined flares [NPDFs]: obviously uncomfortable feelings, such as fatigue, loss of function, or emotional/psychosocial fluctuations, without major fluctuations in pain intensity based on 11-point scales) among people with lumbar radicular pain.

Methods

This was a case-crossover study. Participants with acute or subacute lumbar radicular pain completed serial face-to-face or online assessments for 6 weeks at 3-day intervals to determine whether they experienced sciatica flare-ups (PDF/NPDF) after specific types of PA or psychological stresses.

Results

A total of 152 participants were enroled. There were 597 PDF and 323 NPDF case periods and 800 control periods. The odds of PDFs were increased by prolonged walking and standing, and the odds of NPDFs were increased by prolonged sitting, mental distress, and depressed mood. According to the multivariable analyses, prolonged sitting (OR: 3.0, 95% CI: 1.7–5.5), prolonged walking (OR: 6.2, 95% CI: 3.9–9.9), and prolonged standing (OR: 5.6, 95% CI: 3.3–9.5) were significantly associated with the odds of PDFs, and prolonged sitting (OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 1.8–6.2), mental distress (OR: 6.7, 95% CI: 2.5–17.5), and depressed mood (OR: 5.8, 95% CI: 2.6–12.8) associated with the odds of NPDFs.

Conclusions

Prolonged sitting, walking, and standing triggered the occurrence of PDF. Prolonged sitting, mental distress, and depressed mood triggered the occurrence of NPDF.
Feinkornwalzen – Kornfeinung durch Querwalzen
Authors: Roe Christopher Peter , Kriwall Mareile , Stonis Malte , Behrens Bernd-Arno
Published: August 2024

It was investigated how a grain refinement can be introduced into a cylindrical rolled part with cross rolling in a flatjaw design. For this purpose, a non-circular shape was rolled in and out again. A theoretical preliminary investigation was used to define a suitable parameter field for experimental evaluation. Metallographic investigations showed that cross rolling had a positive effect on the microstructure.
Maschinelles Lernen als modernes Werkzeug für Additive Fertigung
Authors: Lück Matthias , Deser Falk Leon , Hornung Tim
Published: August 2024

In modern manufacturing systems, quality monitoring is crucial for efficient and cost-effective production. Conventional systems rely on thresholds and process windows, but machine learning (ML) techniques promise greater accuracy and efficiency.

However, pre-processing the data is still timeconsuming. This paper presents an approach to visually verify two Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) using contextual information such as print job numbers and timestamps, with the aim of predicting time series data from image data to optimize additive manufacturing processes in time. The approach focuses on the Digital Light Processing (DLP) printing process and emphasizes the importance of accurate data pre-processing and contextual visualization. The approach utilizes VAE-generated latent spaces to improve prediction accuracy in additive manufacturing and implement quality monitoring without thresholds and process windows.
Additive Fertigung von Zahnimplantaten
Authors: Abu-Gharbieh Malek , Braun Thomas , Schwitalla Andreas , Akhmad Rafik , Frieß Fabian , Barvinska Valeria , Uhlmann Eckart
Published: August 2024

A novel additive-subtractive process chain based on the Laser Powder Bed Fusion process (PBF-LB) is being developed for the manufacturing of patient-specific dental implants. The study includes finite element analyses to evaluate implant materials and geometries. Investigations are performed with pure titanium. Dental requirements for the corresponding process chain are also described.
Detektion von Bindefehlern beim DED-Arc
Authors: Neumann Benedikt , Biegler Max , Goecke Sven-Frithjof , Rethmeier Michael
Published: August 2024

Based on artificial intelligence (AI) developed for monitoring arc welding, this article presents a deep neural network for monitoring lack of fusion defects in wire arc additive manufacturing of aluminium. The aim is to detect defects in built-up volumes on the basis of weld source data. These can be successfully processed by the algorithm presented and a trained AI. The achieved accuracy of the network is > 90 percent.
Kühlsystem für die kunststoffadditive Fertigung
Authors: Berlin Werner , Blumberg Sonja Marit , Wacker Christian , Dröder Klaus
Published: August 2024

Screw extrusion additive manufacturing (SEAM) is an additive manufacturing process in which plastic granulate is melted and extruded using a screw extruder. In contrast to filament-based processes, this enables higher output rates and a greater variety of materials. One of the main challenges is the efficient cooling of the extrudates. An optimized cooling system is presented and its application potential demonstrated.
Alfabetização: Ensino do Sistema de Escrita em contextos de letramento
Authors: Aparecida Lapa de Aguiar Maria
Published: August 2024

O presente artigo aborda reflexões acerca dos processos de alfabetização no primeiro ano do Ensino Fundamental de nove anos com base em pesquisa realizada com professoras alfabetizadoras em escolas da rede municipal de Florianópolis/Santa Catarina. O objetivo principal foi compreender como a rede municipal vem se organizando para a inclusão da criança de seis anos no Ensino Fundamental. Para este trabalho, especificamente, são apresentados excertos da entrevista com uma das professoras e um recorte de eventos ocorridos na sala de alfabetização. Para fundamentar a pesquisa, recorremos a Soares (2004), Leite (2001), Gontijo (2003), entre outros autores que abordam a temática em questão. Após análise, conclui-se que a professora, sujeito da pesquisa, está em concordância com uma tendência da atualidade de trabalhar o Sistema de Escrita  em contextos de letramento.
Aula de língua e literacia académica
Authors: António Brandão Carvalho José
Published: August 2024

Assumindo o contexto escolar como um contexto específico de uso da linguagem e as práticas de linguagem implicadas nos processos de construção e expressão de conhecimento que se desenvolvem nesse contexto como o domínio da literacia académica, procura-se, neste texto, analisar o modo como, em Portugal, esse domínio tem sido trabalhado no âmbito de dois espaços curriculares diferentes, o da disciplina de Língua Portuguesa/Português e o das outras disciplinas escolares/áreas de conteúdo. A análise desenvolvida aponta para uma posição de afastamento e divergência entre esses dois espaços e para um predomínio de usos da linguagem que favorecem a mera reprodução de conhecimento e não potenciam a sua elaboração e transformação por parte dos alunos. Na parte final do texto projeta-se o desenvolvimento das literacias numa perspetiva integrada e abrangente, ao longo de todo o percurso escolar do aluno, pela conjugação de diferentes planos.
Letramentos acadêmicos em um programa de iniciação à docência: modos de interação em práticas pedagógicas
Authors: Faccin Colaço Silvania , Fischer Adriana
Published: August 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar os modos de interação de uma estudante em práticas de letramento pedagógico em um programa de iniciação à docência no Curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Biológicas. Os dados procedem de diários reflexivos e de entrevistas concedidas pela estudante. A abordagem sociocultural dos letramentos e a perspectiva etnográfica são suportes teórico-metodológicos nesta pesquisa longitudinal (2010-2013). As análises de movimentos dialógicos da estudante, na interação com os outros e com conhecimentos científico-pedagógicos, dão indícios de um percurso significativo em que há reprodução de Discursos institucionalizados, bem como o uso mais crítico desses conhecimentos, especialmente quando o foco é o encaminhamento metodológico de ações docentes.
Ensino da língua materna no Brasil: políticas públicas e reflexões sobre o curso de Letras
Authors: Maria Netto Prados Rosália , Maria Alvarez Sonia
Published: August 2024

Propõe-se discutir a realidade atual dos cursos de formação de professores de Letras e sua política linguística e cultural. Essa discussão tem como base as políticas públicas culturais, educacionais e de ensino de língua materna, a fim de se explanar sobre o currículo do curso. Tem como objetivos, apresentar o contexto sociocultural em que se inserem os cursos de Letras na contemporaneidade; e identificar discursos político-educacionais de formação do professor de língua materna, bem como as políticas públicas para o ensino da Língua Portuguesa, no Brasil. Para o desenvolvimento desta discussão, a metodologia é a de uma pesquisa descritiva, de abordagem qualitativa, sobre as diretrizes curriculares, políticas de formação do professor e do ensino de língua materna. A estrutura acadêmica continua desatualizada, apesar da dedicação e suporte teórico de diferentes pesquisadores, cujos estudos científicos sobre a língua são agregados aos diferentes currículos dos cursos, mas de forma não efetiva.
Editorial
Authors: Sobral Adail , Campello Eliane , Villela Marroni Fabiane
Published: August 2024

Editorial
Pupil-Linked Arousal Modulates Precision of Stimulus Representation in Cortex
Authors: Geurts Laura S. , Ling Sam , Jehee Janneke F. M.
Published: August 2024

Neural responses are naturally variable from one moment to the next, even when the stimulus is held constant. What factors might underlie this variability in neural population activity? We hypothesized that spontaneous fluctuations in cortical stimulus representations are created by changes in arousal state. We tested the hypothesis using a combination of fMRI, probabilistic decoding methods, and pupillometry. Human participants (20 female, 12 male) were presented with gratings of random orientation. Shortly after viewing the grating, participants reported its orientation and gave their level of confidence in this judgment. Using a probabilistic fMRI decoding technique, we quantified the precision of the stimulus representation in the visual cortex on a trial-by-trial basis. Pupil size was recorded and analyzed to index the observer's arousal state. We found that the precision of the cortical stimulus representation, reported confidence, and variability in the behavioral orientation judgments varied from trial to trial. Interestingly, these trial-by-trial changes in cortical and behavioral precision and confidence were linked to pupil size and its temporal rate of change. Specifically, when the cortical stimulus representation was more precise, the pupil dilated more strongly prior to stimulus onset and remained larger during stimulus presentation. Similarly, stronger pupil dilation during stimulus presentation was associated with higher levels of subjective confidence, a secondary measure of sensory precision, as well as improved behavioral performance. Taken together, our findings support the hypothesis that spontaneous fluctuations in arousal state modulate the fidelity of the stimulus representation in the human visual cortex, with clear consequences for behavior.
Experience dependence of alpha rhythms and neural dynamics in mouse visual cortex
Authors: Riyahi Pouria , Phillips Marnie A. , Boley Nathaniel , Colonnese Matthew T.
Published: August 2024

The role of experience in the development and maintenance of emergent network properties such as cortical oscillations and states is poorly understood. To define how early-life experience affects cortical dynamics in the visual cortex of adult, head-fixed mice, we examined the effects of two forms of blindness initiated before eye-opening and continuing through recording in adulthood: (1) bilateral loss of retinal input (enucleation) and (2) degradation of visual input (eyelid-suture). Neither form of deprivation fundamentally altered the state-dependent regulation of firing-rates or local field potentials. However, each form of deprivation did cause a unique set of changes in network behavior. Laminar analysis revealed two different generative mechanisms for low-frequency synchronization, one prevalent during movement, the other during quiet-wakefulness. The former was absent in enucleated mice, suggesting a mouse homolog of human alpha oscillations. In addition, neurons in enucleated animals were less correlated and fired more regularly, but showed no change in mean firing-rate. Chronic lid-suture decreased firing rates during quiet-wakefulness, but not during movement, with no effect on neural correlations or regularity. Sutured animals showed a broadband increase in dEEG power and an increased occurrence, but reduced central frequency, of narrowband gamma oscillations. The complementary--rather than additive--effects of lid-suture and enucleation suggest that the development of these emergent network properties does not require vision but is plastic to modified input. Our results suggest a complex interaction of internal set-points and experience determines the expression of mature cortical activity, with low-frequency synchronization being particularly susceptible to early deprivation.

Significance statementThe developmental rules that guide how cortex balances internal homeostatic set points with external inputs to establish the emergent network level dynamics critical to its function are unclear. Using multiple methods of early deprivation, we show that the development of dynamics in mouse visual cortex is not dependent on the type of input. Rather, specific neural rhythms, firing-rate set points, and neural correlations are differentially modified by experience. Our deprivations identify one specific rhythm as a likely homolog to human alpha and suggest a mechanism for its loss in blindness. Our results advance our understanding of the regulatory mechanism leading to normal cortical processing, which is altered in blindness and multiple neural disorders.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE SYNERGISTIC ANTIOXIDANT EFFECT OF SELECTED PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS (GALLIC ACID, ROSMARINIC ACID and CAFFEIC ACID) AND INVESTIGATION OF THEIR ABILITY TO PREVENT FORMATION OF DNA BASE DAMAGE
Authors: Bayaçlı Gizem , Patır İlkyaz , Karkar Büşra , Şahin Saliha
Published: August 2024

Considering the areas of use of phenolic compounds, it is important to determine the concentrations at which they show synergistic and antagonistic interactions for their integration into various systems and their correct use. In this study, the synergistic interaction concentration of rosmarinic acid, gallic acid, and caffeic acid was determined by Folin–Ciocalteu and FRAP methods. The central composite design–response surface methodology was used to determine the optimum concentration for synergistic interaction. As a result of the optimization, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, and gallic acid showed synergistic interaction at 7.87 μM, 6.75 μM and 9.42 μM concentrations for Folin–Ciocalteu method; 8.03 μM, 9.34 μM and 6.00 μM concentration for FRAP method respectively. The capacity of phenolic compounds to prevent the formation of DNA base damage products was evaluated by GC–MS/MS. As a result, the synergistic concentration of three phenolics reduces the DNA damage products at 37.17% (FOLIN) and 40.17% (FRAP).
NHE1 regulation in NAFLD in vitro contributes to hepatocyte injury and HSC crosstalk
Authors: Sjøgaard-Frich Lise M , Henriksen Morten Sølling , Lam Shi Min , Birkbak Frida Jolande , Czaplinska Dominika , Flinck Mette , Pedersen Stine Falsig
Published: August 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the fastest-growing cause of liver-associated death globally. Whole-body knockout (KO) of Na+/H+ exchanger 1 (NHE1, SLC9A1) was previously proposed to protect against high-fat diet-induced liver damage; however, mechanistic insight was lacking. The aim of the present work was to address this question in vitro to determine how NHE1, specifically in hepatocytes, impacts lipid overload-induced inflammation, fibrosis, and hepatocyte–hepatic stellate cell (HSC) crosstalk. We induced palmitate (PA)-based steatosis in AML12 and HepG2 hepatocytes; manipulated NHE1 activity pharmacologically and by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KO and overexpression; and measured intracellular pH (pHi), steatosis-associated inflammatory and fibrotic mediators, and cell death. PA treatment increased NHE1 mRNA levels but modestly reduced NHE1 protein expression and hepatocyte pHi. NHE1 KO in hepatocytes did not alter lipid droplet accumulation but reduced inflammatory signaling (p38 MAPK activity), lipotoxicity (4-HNE accumulation), and apoptosis (poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase-1 (PARP) cleavage). Conditioned medium from PA-treated hepatocytes increased the expression of NHE1 and of the fibrosis regulator tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-2 in LX-2 HSCs, in a manner abolished by NHE1 KO in hepatocytes. We conclude that NHE1 is regulated in NAFLD in vitro and contributes to the ensuing damage by aggravating hepatocyte injury and stimulating hepatocyte–HSC crosstalk.
Species Diversity and Distribution of Artemia (Crustacea, Anostraca) in Iran: Historical Contexts and Updated Review
Authors: Asem A. , Eimanifar A. , Wink M.
Published: August 2024

In light of the pivotal role of Artemia Leach, 1819 as food in larviculture and fisheries, it becomes imperative to continually reassess its resources and deepen our understanding of its species diversity. Such efforts are essential for the effective management of its commercial exploitation and the promotion of sustainable aquaculture activities. Here we present a comprehensive review of historical documents dating back to the X century and contemporary scholarly articles. The findings indicate the existence of 59 sites (natural resources and farming sites) across Iran where Artemia has been recorded. This is a significant increase from the 23 reported in the last checklist in 2016. The data indicate that regional A. urmiana Günther, 1899 occurrences warrant classification as “Critically Endangered” on the “Regional Red List” of Iran. Remarkably, apparently the Bazangan Lake has a natural population of Artemia, probably a consequence of climatic change. We highlight the threat posed to Artemia species diversity by the invasive American brine shrimp A. franciscana Kellogg, 1906, noting its presence in 12 locations compared to 7 in 2016. Preliminary studies suggest that the indigenous parthenogenetic Artemia lineages in Iran exhibit superior production potential when compared to both A. franciscana and the native A. urmiana. In light of these findings, the study recommends prioritizing the utilization of native parthenogenetic Artemia in aquaculture, to conserve Artemia biodiversity.
Gregarine Stylocephalus oblongatus (Apicomplexa, Eugregarinida, Gregarinidae) from the Intestine of Opatrum sabulosum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae) in the Reclamation Areas of Pokrovsky Mining and Processing Plant: the First Report and Morphometric Variabil
Authors: Nazimov S. S.
Published: August 2024

The peculiarities of variability of forms and sizes of the gregarine Stylocephalus oblongatus (Hammerschmidt, 1838) Watson, 1916 in the intestines of the Opatrum sabulosum (Linnaeus, 1761) from the sites of reclamation of lands disturbed by mining industry in the south of the area of the Steppe Dnipro were investigated. This is a new record for the protozoan fauna of Ukraine. The prevalence of host infection was 7.44 %. To determine the limits of variability, a sample of 71 specimens was used. Gamonts of S. oblongatus were analysed by 15 linear characteristics and 18 indices of the ratio of these characteristics. For linear parameters, the average coefficient of variation was 33 %. The minimum values of the coefficient of variation were characteristic for the lengths of the gamont, protomerite and their ratio. The principal component analysis identified 4 principal components, the value of which was greater than 1. Together they explained 73 % of the variability. Cluster analysis identified 4 clusters that can be explained as 2 morphotypes and 2 morphosubtypes. The greatest contribution to the overall variability of S. oblongatus gamonts is made by the position of the cell nucleus of the gamont in relation to the septum, the width of the septum and protomerite and the distance from the posterior end of the deuteromerite to the axis of its maximum width. The observed morphological differences can be explained by different degrees of host infection. It is important to compare the obtained information on intraspecific variability of S. oblongatus with similar data from natural ecosystems, as well as from agrocenoses and urban populations of O. sabulosum.
Wintering Waterbirds in the Wetlands of the Azov-Black Sea Region of Ukraine at the Beginning of the 21st Century — Species Composition, Abundance, Distribution and Tendencies
Authors: Andryuschenko Yu. O. , Kostiushyn V. A.
Published: August 2024

Data collection on wintering waterbirds in the wetlands of the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine began in the late 1980s, mainly thanks to the International Waterbird Census (IWC), which has become more extensive and regular since about 2005. This article is devoted to generalization of data on species composition, abundance of birds and their spatial distribution in that region based on the results of the winter census 2005–2022. The long-term dynamics of the waterbirds number and the peculiarities of the species distribution are mostly analyzed for abundant bird species. General information about common and rare species is also given.
Clues for Early Diagnosis of MEN2B Syndrome Before Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Taylor-Miller Tashunka , Tucker Katherine , Sugo Ella , Anazodo Antoinette , Mowat David
Published: August 2024

Early onset medullary thyroid carcinoma, later pheochromocytomas, and nonspecific extra-endocrine features (hypermobility and persistent constipation) are part of the clinical phenotype of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B). A de novo pathogenic M918T variant in the rearranged during transfection proto-oncogene is usually identified. Affected children are often seen by multiple clinicians over a long period before consideration of a diagnosis of MEN2B, with metastatic medullary thyroid carcinoma often the precipitator. We describe the clinical presentation and course of 5 children ultimately diagnosed with MEN2B in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, Australia between 1989 and 2021. All cases had intestinal ganglioneuromatosis that could have prompted an earlier diagnosis. Population wide newborn genomic screening for rare diseases is on the horizon. We propose that MEN2B genomic screening should be included in newborn screening programs and that careful exclusion of intestinal ganglioneuromatosis would allow earlier identification leading to improved clinical outcomes.
Dedicated Balloon Techniques for Coronary Calcium Modification
Authors: Maffey Max W , Bagur Rodrigo
Published: August 2024

Coronary calcification represents a significant technical challenge in percutaneous coronary intervention and is associated with worse clinical outcomes. Fortunately, a number of balloon-assisted technologies are available to aid in the management of coronary calcification before stenting. Adequate lesion preparation is crucial in the successful management of calcified coronary lesions. Balloon-based techniques can be a safe and effective method of lesion preparation and, as such, are an integral part of an interventionalist’s armamentarium. In this mini-review, we focus on the use of non-compliant balloons, super high-pressure non-compliant balloons, cutting balloons, scoring balloons and intravascular lithotripsy.
Investigação-ação como possibilidade metodológica
Authors: Appezzato Pinazza Mônica
Published: August 2024

Este artigo apresenta um exemplar de investigação-ação realizada no âmbito de uma parceria entre um grupo de pesquisa da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo e a equipe de um Centro de Educação Infantil da rede pública municipal da cidade de São Paulo. Desenvolvido ao longo de cinco anos, o estudo implicou uma experiência de formação contínua sob o paradigma contextual, pautada na perspectiva sociocultural de construção do conhecimento, consonante aos preceitos orientadores das gramáticas pedagógicas participativas, com estreita filiação à pedagogia de John Dewey. O processo investigativo balizou-se epistemologicamente nos postulados inauguradores de Kurt Lewin e na aproximação teórica de John Elliott, alinhados às concepções de investigação educativa de Lawrence Stenhouse e de práxis pedagógica formuladas por autores como Stephen Kemmis e Tracey J. Smith. O intuito do presente texto é descrever as etapas que compuseram a investigação-ação. São de particular interesse a forma como se instalou o trabalho colaborativo academia-unidade de educação infantil, os papéis assumidos pela pesquisadora e pelos diferentes membros da equipe (professoras e equipe gestora) na formação e na pesquisa e o desenrolar dos acontecimentos experienciados por todas as pessoas envolvidas.
Packaging and storage of Porphyridium cruentum: Metallised polyethylene terephthalate/polyethylene (PETmet/PE) versus polyethylene (PE)
Authors: Morais A.M.M.B. , Martins V.F. , Alves A.J. , Poças F. , Morais R.M.S.C.
Published: August 2024

The effect of the storage conditions of light (presence; absence) and relative humidity (50%; 75% RH) on the water content and colour of Porphyridium cruentum microalga powder was studied, then two packaging materials, low-density polyethylene (PE-LD) and metallised polyethylene terephthalate with polyethylene (PETmet/PE), were used to study their effect on the water content, colour, total carotenoids and chlorophylls contents, total phenolic content (TPC), and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, ORAC) of P. cruentum during storage at 23 °C and 50% RH. An atmosphere with 50% RH is recommended to minimise the water vapour absorption and lightness loss. In addition to the expected light protection, PETmet/PE material protected P. cruentum powder also against water absorption, contrary to PE material. There were no relevant colour changes of the microalga during storage in PETmet/PE. Regarding the total content of carotenoids and the antioxidant activity of the microalga, no significant differences were found between the biomasses stored in either packaging material. The TPC and DPPH values were practically constant during two months of storage, while ABTS and ORAC decreased more than 50% and 20%, respectively, during this time.
Stiff substrate increases mycelium growth rate on surface
Authors: Yang Libin , Hu Xiaoyue , Qin Zhao
Published: August 2024

Mycelium is crucial in decomposing biomass and cycling nutrients in nature. While various environmental factors can influence mycelium growth, the role of substrate mechanics is not yet clear. In this study, we investigate the effect of substrate stiffness on mycelium growth. We prepared agar substrates of different concentrations to grow the mycelium, but kept other environmental and chemical conditions consistent. We made a time-lapse recording of the growing history with minimum interruption. We repeated our tests for different species. Our results generally support that mycelium grows faster on a stiffer substrate, Ganoderma lucidum gives the highest growth rate and Pleurotus eryngii is most sensitive to substrate stiffness. We combined experimental characterization and computational simulation to investigate the mechanism and discovered that mycelium concentrates on the surface of a rigid substrate, but penetrates the soft one. Our Monte Carlo simulations illustrate that such a penetration allows mycelium to grow in the three-dimensional space, but effectively slows down the surface occupation speed. Our study provides insights into fungal growth and reveals that the mycelium growth rate can be tuned through substrate stiffness, thus reducing the time for producing mycelium-based composites.

Impact statement

We used agar substrates and tuned its stiffness to culture mycelium and compared tune its stiffness to culture mycelium and compare its growth in a well-controlled condition. Our results revealed that mycelium grows faster on stiffer substrates, thus fully occupying the petri dish surface more quickly. We repeated our study several times by testing four species, P. eryngii, G. lucidum, Trametes versicolor, and Flammulina velutipes, and the stiffest substrate always gives the highest mean growing rate than others. The G. lucidum shows the highest spreading rate that is obtained on the stiffest substrate as 39.1 ± 2.0 mm2/h. We found that the mycelium on a soft substrate will grow into the substrate instead of spreading on the stiffer surface. Our Monte Carlo simulations further show that once the fibers grow into a three-dimensional substrate, its growth is slower than growing on a two-dimensional surface, providing a microscopic mechanism of the substrate stiffness effect. This study’s analysis of how substrate stiffness impacts mycelium growth is new, bridging a critical knowledge gap in understanding the relationship between substrate mechanics and fungal ecology. The knowledge from this study has a potential in accelerating sustainable manufacturing of mycelium-based composite by adjusting substrate mechanics.

Graphical Abstract
MENGOPTIMALKAN KINERJA BISNIS ES TEH MILENIAL MELALUI PENDEKATAN EKONOMI MANAJERIAL
Authors: Luthfiana Fadia Nanda , Thania Nur Asifa Intan
Published: August 2024

Es Teh Milenial yang berdiri sejak tahun 2018 adalah bisnis minuman yang didirikan dengan tujuan untuk membantu menciptakan lapangan kerja bagi masyarakat. Dalam penelitian ini, metode observasi digunakan untuk mengumpulkan informasi tentang bisnis tersebut. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa Es Teh Milenial hanya menjual minuman dan tidak menjual makanan. Varian minuman unggulannya adalah teh susu, dan bisnis ini juga menawarkan variasi produk minuman es teh. Selain itu, Es Teh Milenial rata-rata membutuhkan 5 ton gula setiap bulannya dan telah memiliki 23 cabang di Karawang sejak didirikan oleh Budi Wibowo pada tahun 2018. Peminatan ekonomi manajerial dapat membantu bisnis Es Teh Milenial dalam mengoptimalkan kinerja dan pertumbuhannya dengan strategi-strategi manajerial yang tepat. Misalnya, penggunaan strategi pemasaran yang efektif untuk meningkatkan penjualan produk minuman dan pengurangan biaya produksi melalui optimasi rantai pasok. Penerapan manajemen risiko juga dapat membantu bisnis ini mengatasi tantangan yang mungkin terjadi di masa depan, seperti fluktuasi harga bahan baku dan persaingan yang semakin ketat di pasar minuman.
SUSTAINABLE BRANDING REVOLUTION: BUILDING AN ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS BRAND AND INFLUENCING CONSUMER CHOICES
Authors: Akbarina Farida , Krisprimandoyo Denpharanto Agung , Indrawati Reni Sara , Tabran Muh , Gymnastiar Iman Ahmad
Published: August 2024

Sustainable branding is a socially and environmentally responsible approach for companies in the modern era. This research aims to analyze the role of sustainable branding in building a positive brand reputation and influencing purchasing decisions. The research method employs a literature review to integrate knowledge from various relevant sources. The discussion's outcomes indicate that consumer awareness of environmental issues is increasing, driving the demand for sustainable products. Sustainable branding strategies aid in establishing a favorable brand image among environmentally conscious consumers. Despite implementation challenges, innovation and ethics emerge as key factors to overcome these hurdles. In conclusion, sustainable branding plays a crucial role in cultivating a positive brand reputation and influencing purchasing decisions. Companies need to adapt to consumer trends and environmental concerns to achieve long-term success and amplify positive impacts on society and the environment.
CAPITALIZING ON THE BOYCOTT WAVE: STRATEGIES FOR MUSLIM ENTREPRENEURS TO SEIZE MARKET OPPORTUNITIES FROM THE BOYCOTT OF PRO-ISRAEL PRODUCTS
Authors: Simon John Christianto , Rokhim Abdul , Jalil Mahben , Irwandi Irwandi , Rasjid Abdullah
Published: August 2024

In an era marked by increasing geopolitical tensions and consumer activism, the boycott of products associated with certain political stances, such as those supporting Israel, has created unique market voids and opportunities. This paper explores strategic avenues for Muslim entrepreneurs to capitalize on these emerging market gaps. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative insights from expert interviews and quantitative market analysis, this study identifies key areas where Muslim entrepreneurs can effectively intervene and thrive. The findings reveal that the boycott movement has led to a demand shift in various sectors, including food, technology, and apparel, presenting ripe opportunities for alternative products and services. This paper proposes a framework for Muslim entrepreneurs to identify these opportunities, develop culturally and ethically aligned products, and employ targeted marketing strategies to capture and expand their market presence. The study not only contributes to the existing literature on market strategies in politically charged environments but also provides practical guidelines for entrepreneurs seeking to navigate and leverage these complex market dynamics. The implications of this research extend beyond immediate market opportunities, suggesting a broader role for entrepreneurial ventures in shaping economic landscapes amidst political and social upheavals.
ECONOMIC DYNAMICS IN THE POLITICAL SPOTLIGHT: ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF PRESIDENTIAL AND LEGISLATIVE CAMPAIGNS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH
Authors: Sudjono Sudjono , Sukmayadi Sukmayadi , Nurjaman Kadar , Hasibuan Masnilam , Muhtadin M. Al
Published: August 2024

This article delves into the intricate relationship between political campaigns, specifically presidential and legislative, and their impact on economic growth. Employing a robust analytical approach, the study systematically examines how these political events influence economic dynamics. The research integrates a comprehensive review of economic-political theories and empirical data analysis to assess the extent to which political campaigns affect economic indicators such as GDP growth, investment, and consumer confidence. By correlating election cycles with economic fluctuations, the study offers a nuanced understanding of the interplay between political activities and economic performance. The findings reveal significant insights into the temporal and causal relationships between political campaigns and economic growth, highlighting the role of political stability, policy anticipation, and investor sentiment. This article contributes to the broader discourse on economic-political interactions, providing valuable implications for policymakers, economists, and political strategists. It underscores the importance of considering political factors in economic forecasting and policy-making, especially in periods leading up to major elections.
GREEN FINANCE: UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF SUSTAINABLE INVESTMENT FOR FUTURE BUSINESS GROWTH
Authors: Hasanuddin Hasanudin , Rimbano Dheo , Nuraini Ani , Kuswandi Dadi , Makkulau Andi Runis
Published: August 2024

Climate change has become one of the greatest challenges of this century, affecting global economic stability as well as business performance and growth. Green investments are needed to mitigate these negative impacts, integrating sustainability into business operations which in turn can benefit companies in the long term. Green finance is key to ensuring sustainable business growth and effective handling of environmental issues. This research aims to examine how environmentally friendly finance can support sustainable growth and its impact on the global economy. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach, relying on data from previous studies that are relevant to the topic. Data processing through thematic analysis aims to identify patterns and gain in-depth insight into the implementation and impact of environmentally friendly finance. The research results show that the implementation of environmentally friendly finance is essential for long-term economic stability and growth. Sustainability-oriented investments improve a company's reputation, attract investors, and support financial stability. However, there are significant challenges in its implementation related to internal resistance and regulatory barriers. Effective strategies involve cooperation between governments and international institutions to create supportive incentives and frameworks. Education and training for players in the financial sector are also critical to increasing understanding and skills in environmentally friendly financial applications.
EMPOWERING EMPLOYEES THROUGH INNOVATIVE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE AGE OF REMOTE WORK
Authors: Mashudi Mashudi , Fitriani Aprilya , Nurhamzah Nurhamzah , Radi Radi , Gymnastiar Iman Ahmad
Published: August 2024

The era of remote work has significantly changed the way companies operate, with a focus on flexibility and innovative use of technology. In this context, human resource management (HR) practices become critical in influencing employee engagement and productivity. The challenges arising from the transition to remote work demand innovation in management approaches, especially in terms of employee empowerment and development. The aim of this research is to explore the effectiveness of innovative HR management practices in empowering employees in the era of remote work. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach, with data obtained from literature studies and relevant previous research. Data analysis was carried out in depth to identify the impact of this practice on employee performance and satisfaction. The conclusion shows that adapting innovative HR management policies and practices can improve operational efficiency and employee satisfaction. The implementation of adaptive management strategies and the use of technology play an important role in ensuring effective communication and accurate performance monitoring in unconventional work environments. Additionally, increasing employee engagement and motivation can be achieved through reward and recognition initiatives and involving them in decision making. Employee skills development and well-being have also proven critical in maintaining and increasing productivity in remote work settings. This study confirms the need for organizations to continuously adapt and update their HR management practices to remain relevant and effective in the digital era.
THE DIGITAL LEAP: STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT FOR DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION SUCCESS IN TRADITIONAL INDUSTRIES
Authors: Aryatama Septian , Suryaningtyas Dianawati , Martanto Martanto , Sulistyo Arif Budi , Barki Khotimatul
Published: August 2024

Digital transformation in traditional industries is an important step to remain competitive in the modern era. The application of digital technology in business operations can increase efficiency and provide a better customer experience. However, many traditional companies face challenges in adopting new technologies and developing digital skills. This research aims to explore the role of strategic management in supporting the success of digital transformation in traditional industries. This research uses a qualitative approach, with data obtained from the results of relevant research and previous studies. The collected data will be analyzed to find significant patterns and relationships. The research results show that a clear digital vision and strategy are critical to guiding transformation. Effective leadership and good change management are also crucial in overcoming internal resistance. Implementing digital technologies, such as automation and analytics, can significantly improve operational efficiency. The development of digital skills and competencies through continuous training and external collaboration is essential to support this change. With a comprehensive approach, traditional companies can overcome the challenges of digital transformation and take advantage of the opportunities offered by new technologies.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ETHICS NAVIGATING THE CHALLENGES OF ETHICAL BUSINESS PRACTICES IN STARTUPS
Authors: Fatmawati Endang , Mukhyi Mohammad Abdul , Togatorop Agus Leonard , Marpaung Wilson , Muhajir Ahmad
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the entrepreneurial landscape has witnessed a surge in the establishment of startups. While these ventures bring innovation and economic growth, they also face significant ethical challenges. This study explores the complexities of maintaining ethical business practices within startups. Utilizing a normative legal research method, the research draws on various previous studies and statutory laws in Indonesia to analyze how ethical considerations are integrated into business operations. The findings reveal that while many startups strive to adhere to ethical standards, they often encounter dilemmas due to limited resources, competitive pressures, and the evolving regulatory environment. This paper aims to provide insights into the importance of ethical business practices and offers recommendations for startups to navigate these challenges effectively.
2K/UV dual-curable acrylate epoxy/SiO2 nanocomposite coatings: crosslinking and mechanical properties
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Linh  , Dang Thi My Linh  , Nguyen Tuan Anh  , Vu Quoc Trung  , Nguyen Thien Vuong
Published: August 2024

This work aimed to enhance the adhesion of photocurable acrylate epoxy/SiO2 nanocomposite coating by adding a crosslinking agent polyisocyanate Desmodur N75 (N75) to make a 2K/UV dual-curable paint formulation. The obtained results showed that the presence of the curing agent N75 slightly reduced the conversion efficiency of acrylate groups during the UV curing process. The analysis of mechanical properties indicated that the coating achieved the optimal mechanical properties at the N75 content of 5 wt.%. The gel fraction, swelling degree, adhesion to wood and steel, relative hardness, impact resistance, and abrasion resistance reached 97.22 %, 310.05 %, 0.1, 0.94, 90 Kg.cm, and 178 L/mil, respectively. FESEM analysis showed that the paint film was fairly homogeneous and tightly structured. The reactions of components of BGDM, HDDA, I184, N75 and nano-SiO2 in the 2K/UV dual-curable acrylate epoxy/SiO2 nanocomposite coatings were described.
Preparation of hydrogel based on cellulose from sugarcane bagasse
Authors: Nguyen Ha Thu  , Nguyen Thi Quyen  , Vu Anh Duc  , Hoang Thu Hang  , Do Thu Ha  , Tran Ngoc Anh  , Nguyen Ngoc Mai
Published: August 2024

In this study, the preparation and characterization of hydrogels from sugarcane bagasse were investigated. The preparation of hydrogels was made with cellulose extracted from sugarcane bagasse, ammonium persulfate as initiator, acrylic acid as monomer and N,N’-Methylenebisacrylamide as crosslinking agent. The characterization of structure and properties of the hydrogels were carried out through Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy, Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy, determination of Young’s modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break and Charpy impact, swelling degree and Thermogravimetric Analysis. The optimal condition for the preparation was found at 1.0 g ammonium persulfate/kg cellulose, 1.6 g acrylic acid/kg cellulose and 0.2 g N,N’-Methylenebisacrylamide/kg cellulose. It was found that both anion and cation can be absorbed in the 3D-network of the hydrogel. The highest Young’s modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break and Charpy impact of the obtained hydrogel is 1.3 MPa, 5.2 MPa, 89.0% ad 7.2 kJ/m2, respectively. The hydrogel is stable until 110 oC. The results show that the obtained hydrogel may be suitable for electrolyte membrane used in battery.
Chemical composition, antioxidant activity and extraction optimization of Distichochlamys orlowii rhizomes
Authors: Le Hong Luyen  , Nguyen Thi Linh  , Le Thi  Hong
Published: August 2024

Distichochlamys orlowii is an endemic ginger species in Vietnam. The present study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, antioxidative capacity and extraction optimization of D. orlowii rhizomes (DO-R) for the first time. The results demonstrated that DO-R possessed more unsaturated fatty acids (53.10%) than saturated fatty acids (46.90%). Many unsaturated fatty acids of great health benefits were present, including trans-13-octadecenoic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), arachidonic acid (C20:4) and eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5). In addition, seven essential amino acids (EAA) were detected with 41.79 ± 1.02 mg. In comparison, ten non-essential amino acids (N-EAA) were found at a much higher amount of 252.09 ± 1.06 mg in 100 g DO-R. Valine and arginine were the most abundant EAA and N-EAA in DO-R. The methanol fraction from DO-R was shown to have a higher total phenolic content (TPC = 28.85 ± 0.74 mg GAE/g DW) and total flavonoid content (TFC = 14.03 ± 0.31 mg QE/g DW) than other fractions. In addition, this extract was also the most effective antioxidative agent with an IC50 value of 168.63 ± 4.83 and 153.80 ± 8.24 µg/mL against DPPH and ABTS radical, respectively. The highest extraction yield of DO-R in methanol (95.534 ± 0.593 mg/g DW) was achieved using response surface methodology with a Box-Behnken design under the optimal parameters: a solid-liquid ratio of 1:40 g/mL, an ultrasonic power level of 80%, an extraction time of 60 min, and an extraction temperature of 58°C. In conclusion, D. orlowii can serve as a source of high-potential compounds for further pharmacological applications.
Del olvido al pizarrón: análisis del empoderamiento de la comunicadora social/periodista en Tunja, Colombia
Authors: Munévar-Vanegas María Alejandra , Bohórquez-Aunta Camila Andrea
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo resultado de investigación se enfoca en identificar y describir el empoderamiento de la mujer comunicadora social – periodista en Tunja, Colombia, con base en su participación laboral en los medios de comunicación, comparando los cargos en los que dichas mujeres se han desempeñado desde el año 2015 hasta el 2019, para así presentar la construcción de narrativas donde se pueda reconocer el desarrollo de su labor. La investigación se encuentra enmarcada bajo el paradigma histórico – hermenéutico, con un enfoque cualitativo de tipo descriptivo. La población con la que se realizó la investigación fueron 12 mujeres con formación empírica y profesional en la Comunicación Social; el proceso para la recolección de información se dividió en ocho fases y los datos recolectados se tomaron a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas y encuestas. Los resultados están enfocados en el reconocimiento de la profesional, la reflexión y la equidad de género en la capital boyacense. Las conclusiones están enfocadas en resaltar dos aspectos fundamentales: en primer lugar, la ausencia en la implementación de cátedras y espacios de formación relacionados con temáticas de visión de género, donde se reconozca el papel de la mujer; y, en segundo lugar, se habiliten nuevas estrategias que brinden las oportunidades de liderazgo y toma de decisiones que permitan contribuir al empoderamiento de la profesional, no solo en la región, sino en el ámbito nacional e internacional.