bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zmiany w strukturze funkcji turystycznej uzdrowisk kujawskich (na podstawie wielkości i struktury bazy noclegowej)
Authors: Matczak Andrzej
Published: September 2019

W opracowaniu podjęto próbę weryfikacji hipotezy o postępującym różnicowaniu się struktury funkcji turystycznej w uzdrowiskach Polski na podstawie studium przypadku uzdrowisk kujawskich. Wykorzystano dane dostępne w Banku Danych Lokalnych GUS o wielkości, strukturze obiektów zakwaterowania oraz o znajdujących się w nich udogodnieniach w uzdrowiskach kujawskich w latach 1995–2018. W analizie tych danych posłużono się wskaźnikami struktury i dynamiki. Przeprowadzona analiza wskazuje na postępujące różnicowanie się struktury funkcji turystycznej w tych uzdrowiskach. Stwierdzono najsilniej zaawansowane zmiany w strukturze funkcji turystycznej w Ciechocinku, który można obecnie określić jako ośrodek turystyczno-uzdrowiskowy. Słabiej zaawansowany proces zmian miał miejsce w Inowrocławiu, będącym ośrodkiem uzdrowiskowo-turystycznym, natomiast Wieniec-Zdrój nadal pozostawał typowym uzdrowiskiem z marginalnym udziałem pozostałych funkcji turystycznych. Wykorzystane dane pochodzące z oficjalnej statystyki umożliwiają identyfikację ogólnych tendencji występujących w dynamice i zachodzących zmianach w strukturze bazy noclegowej uzdrowisk. Analiza ilościowa relacji funkcji kuracyjnej z pozostałymi funkcjami turystycznymi (głównie ze względu na niepełność informacji statystycznej) w uzdrowiskach kujawskich jest jednak ograniczona.
Escape roomy w Polsce: ujęcie popytowe z wykorzystaniem badań netnograficznych
Authors: Stasiak Andrzej
Published: September 2019

W ciągu pięciu lat niezwykle dynamicznego i żywiołowego rozwoju escape roomy na trwałe wpisały się w przestrzeń polskich miast. Równocześnie powstała też specyficzna społeczność miłośników tej formy rekreacji. Celem artykułu jest wieloaspektowa charakterystyka odwiedzających pokoje zagadek w Polsce. W przeprowadzonym drogą internetową badaniu ankietowym wzięło udział 718 osób skupionych wokół największego w kraju portalu promocyjno-rezerwacyjnego lockme.pl. Uzyskane wyniki umożliwiły identyfikację m.in.: cech społeczno-demograficznych graczy, źródeł informacji o pokojach, motywów odwiedzin, charakteru i przebiegu wizyt, emocji towarzyszących rozgrywce, a także ogólnych opinii i ocen polskich escape roomów.
Od redaktorek: Usługi seksualne – teorie, badania, praktyki społeczne
Authors: Ślęzak Izabela , Szczepankowska Urszula Anna
Published: September 2019

Postrzeganie zjawiska świadczenia usług seksualnych jest historycznie zmienne. Przemiany te odzwierciedlają się w sposobach jego konceptualizowania przez badaczy, stosowanych przez nich terminach, wykorzystywanych metodach badawczych. W rodzimym dyskursie naukowym widoczne jest różnicowanie się podejść i perspektyw oraz pojawianie się nowych tematów badawczych poszerzających pole refleksji nad usługami seksualnymi.
Menadżerki uznania. Kształtowanie się dyskursu pracy seksualnej w Polsce 1995–2016
Authors: Ratecka Anna
Published: September 2019

Tekst dotyczy kształtowania się dyskursu pracy seksualnej w Polsce, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem roli Fundacji La Strada. W moim tekście wprowadzę pojęcie menadżerek uznania, a więc przedstawicieli społecznych występujących w imieniu kobiet świadczących usługi seksualne. Szczególną uwagę skupię na działaniu Fundacji La Strada, pierwszej i wiodącej w Polsce inicjatywie kobiecej podejmującej tematykę prostytucji i handlu ludźmi. Przedstawicielki Fundacji La Strada pełnią rolę menadżerek uznania kobiet świadczących usługi seksualne w Polsce, kształtując dyskurs pracy seksualnej, sposób postrzegania pracownic seksualnych oraz sugerowania rozwiązań politycznych w tym obszarze. Fundacja La Strada i jej przedstawicielki, jako certyfikowane menadżerki uznania, mają dominującą pozycję w Polsce, jeśli chodzi o formułowanie uznania kobiet świadczących usługi seksualne, w szczególności poprzez jej wpływ na dyskurs feministyczny w Polsce.
Female Subversion through Sex Work: Transgressive Discourses
Authors: Olasik Marta
Published: September 2019

The main objective of this article is to provide a multi-faceted and spatially-sensitive reflection on sex work. Taking as a point of departure subversive feminist politics on the one hand and the much contingent notion of citizenship on the other, I intend to present various forms of prostitution as potentially positive and empowering modes of sexual and emotional auto-creation. Informed by the leading research of the subject, as well as inspired and educated by Australia-based Dr Elizabeth Smith from La Trobe University in Melbourne, who had researched and presented female sex workers as self-caring and subversive subjects who make own choices and derive satisfaction from their occupation, I wish to seek academic justice for all those women (and men or trans people, for that matter) in the sex industry who feel stigmatized by political pressure and ultra-feminist circles across Europe. Translating Dr Smith’s significant research into European (and Polish) social realities would be a valuable contribution to the local discussions on gender and sexuality, and axes they intersect with. More importantly, however, a framework of a conceptual interdisciplinary approach needs to be adopted—one in which a specific queer form of lesbian feminist reflection is combined with human geography, both of which have much to offer to various strands of sociological theory and practice. Therefore, as a queer lesbian scholar based in Poland, I would like to diverge a bit from my usual topic in order to pay an academic and activist tribute to the much neglected strand of sociology of sex work. However, my multi-faceted and interdisciplinary academic activity allows me to combine the matter in question with the field of lesbian studies. Both a female sex worker and a lesbian have been culturally positioned through the lens of what so-called femininity is, without a possibility to establish control over their own subjectivities. Hence, on the one hand the article is going to be an academic re-interpretation of sex work as such, but on the other, methodological possibilities of acknowledging and researching lesbian sex workers will be additionally considered with special attention to feminist epistemologies and praxis. While a sensitivity to a given locality is of utmost importance when dealing with gender and sexuality issues, I would like to suggest a somewhat overall approach to investigating both female empowerment through sex work and lesbian studies inclusive of sex workers. Importantly, the more common understandings of the sex industry need to be de-constructed in order for a diversity of transgressive discourses to emerge.
Bakırçay Havzası Seralarında Bitki Koruma Uygulamaları
Authors: ELTEZ Sumru , ELTEZ Raşit Zeki
Published: September 2019

Amaç: Bu
anket çalışmasında Bakırçay havzasındaki (Bergama, Dikili, Kınık) sera
üreticilerinin Bitki Koruma uygulamaları konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin
belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma,
İzmir İli Bergama, Dikili ve Kınık İlçelerini kapsayan Bakırçay havzasında
bulunan 15 şahıs, 8 şirket serası olmak üzere toplam 23 adet serada anket
yapılmıştır. Ankette üreticilere/şirket üretim sorumlusuna seraların teknik
özellikleri, yetiştirilen ürün ve tarımsal mücadele konularını kapsayan tek
cevaplı ve birden çok cevaplı toplam 25 soru sorularak bu bilgilerin sağlanması
amaçlanmıştır. Anket sonuçları üretici ve /veya işletme sayısı ve yüzdesi
olarak verilmiştir.Bulgular: Havzadaki
seraların modern seralar olduğu, bitki koruma uygulamalarında kimyasal savaşın
yanı sıra diğer savaş yöntemlerini tercih ettikleri görülmüştür. Mücadele
yöntemleri ve ilaç seçimi ile uygulamalarındaki bilgi kaynağı kendi
tecrübeleri, danışman ve ilaç bayisi-şirketi olmaktadır. Yapılan uygulamalarda
çevre, insan ve hayvan sağlığını gözettikleri de tespit edilmiştir. Şirket
seralarının uygulamalara daha çabuk adapte olması ve yeniliklere daha açık
olmaları, şahıs seralarının ise bilgilendirildikleri taktirde bitki koruma
uygulamaları açısından yeni fikirlere açık oldukları, her iki gruptaki sera
üreticilerinin bitki koruma açısından bilinçli oldukları belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Havzada
Bitki Koruma açısından birçok uygulamanın otomasyonla yapılması, yeniliklere
açık olmaları, tarımsal mücadele konusunda bir farkındalıklarının olması,
çevre, insan ve hayvan sağlığını korumaya yönelik yöntem ve uygulamaların
tercih ediliyor olmaları çalışmanın sonucunda tespit edilmiştir.
Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Membran Kitosan/LiOH sebagai Elektrolit Padat Baterai Sekunder
Authors: Sunardi Sunardi , Haryadi Aris , Wihantoro Wihantoro , Yulianti Evi
Published: September 2019

Sintesis dan karakterisasi membran Kitosan/LiOH dilakukan bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh PVA/LiOH terhadap mikrostruktur membran elektrolit padat baterai sekunder. Sintesi membran Kitosan/LiOH dilakukan dengan metode casting dengan variasi konsentrasi w/w LiOH. Karakterisasi dilakukan menggunakan FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) dan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). Hasil FTIR membran kitosan/LiOH menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara kitosan/LiOH. Pada panjang gelombang 3500 nm terbentuk gugus fungsi �OH baru dan pada 1500 � 945 nm terbentuk ikatan bending antara gugus fungsi �OH dengan �NH3. Hasil SEM menunjukkan terbentuk agglomerasi dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi LiOH pada larutan. Terjadi distribusi partikel homogen di permukaan membran. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh penambahan LiOH pada pembentukan membran yang menghasilkan ikatan antar atom yang semakin renggang/tidak stabil dan bahan yang semakin konduktif.
Surgical Management of Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Burnier Marion , Elhassan Bassem T. , Sanchez-Sotelo Joaquin
Published: September 2019

➤ The term functionally irreparable rotator cuff tear (FIRCT) is intended to capture patients who would experience failure of an attempted primary rotator cuff repair because of the extent of cuff muscle and tendon damage and other patient-related factors.

➤ Debridement, biceps tenodesis, and/or partial repair of the torn rotator cuff may reduce pain and improve function for selected patients with a FIRCT.

➤ Static soft-tissue restraints to abnormal glenohumeral head translation, such as implantation of an absorbable balloon in the subacromial space or superior capsular reconstruction (SCR), appear to reduce pain and improve function, although some have reported a relatively high structural failure rate with SCR.

➤ When improvement of strength is the primary goal of treatment, tendon transfers provide a viable treatment alternative; most tendon transfers for management of a FIRCT are currently performed with arthroscopically assisted techniques.

➤ Transfer of the lower portion of the trapezius has emerged as a successful alternative to transfer of the latissimus dorsi, whereas transfer of the latissimus dorsi to the lesser tuberosity is being explored as an alternative to transfer of the pectoralis major for functionally irreparable subscapularis tears.
Fingertip Injury and Management
Authors: Golinvaux Nicholas S. , Maslow Jed I. , Hovis James P. , Lee Donald H.
Published: September 2019

Fingertip injuries are common and can be difficult to manage because of unique anatomical considerations. Optimal treatment minimizes residual pain while preserving the function, length, and sensation of the affected digit. Several types of fingertip injury, including sharp or crush injuries, partial or complete amputations, and those involving the nail plate or nail bed, can occur. Depending on the type of injury, location within the fingertip, degree of soft-tissue loss, and involvement of perionychium, the most effective management may be one of several options. Knowledge of local and regional anatomy is paramount in selecting and performing the procedure that provides the best outcome. To address the array of possible fingertip injuries, we demonstrate several treatment options including (1) local flap reconstruction, (2) regional flap reconstruction, (3) revision or completion amputation, (4) nail bed repair, (5) acellular dermal regeneration templating, and (6) replantation. Outcomes are generally favorable but can be affected by injury and patient characteristics. The most common complications include nail deformity, cold intolerance, and painful neuroma formation.
La reputación online de los alojamientos rurales en Extremadura desde una óptica geoestadística
Authors: Sánchez Martín José Manuel , Martín Delgado Luz María , Rengifo Gallego Juan Ignacio
Published: September 2019

Los continuos avances tecnológicos han supuesto ingentes progresos en las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación como la interacción entre usuarios con la llegada de la Web 2.0. Dicho desarrollo ha transformado el sector turístico en numerosos aspectos como el origen de la reputación online o la nueva modalidad de gestión de los alojamientos turísticos. En dicho escenario la presente investigación aborda la reputación en línea que presentaban los alojamientos de turismo rural en Extremadura durante el año 2017, así como su influencia en la gestión. Tras el análisis llevado a cabo a través de la aplicación de técnicas de estadística espacial junto a otras de análisis de patrones espaciales, se ha detectado la eficiencia de la estadística espacial frente a otras técnicas, permitiendo descubrir destinos en los que se concentran elevados porcentajes de opiniones positivas, otros donde prima la presencia de mayores valores de opiniones negativas, así como la escasa gestión realizada por los responsables de los establecimientos ante sendas opiniones. Asimismo, se ha comprobado la notable influencia de la presencia de un rico patrimonio cultural a la hora de la elección del destino final, pues pese a existir opiniones negativas sobre un establecimiento y carecer éste de gestiones correctas, la demanda continúa seleccionándolo.
Proportion of neonatal sepsis and determinant factors among neonates admitted in University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital neonatal Intensive care unit Northwest Ethiopia 2017
Authors: Yismaw Ayenew Engida , Abebil Tirngo Yihunie , Biweta Mulunesh Abuhay , Araya Bilen Mekonnen
Published: September 2019

Objective Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes for neonatal hospitalization in developing countries. It is also a major cause of mortality in the world affecting both developed and developing countries. Diagnosis and management of sepsis are a great challenge facing neonatologists in neonatal intensive care units due to nonspecific signs and symptoms. This study, therefore, was aimed to determine proportion and risk factors of neonatal sepsis at university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, North West Ethiopia. Result Proportion of neonatal sepsis was 11.7%. Factors significantly associated with neonatal sepsis were: Neonatal related factors were: Premature rupture of membrane (AOR=2.74; 95%Cl (1.39, 5.38), congenital anomaly (AOR=3.14; 95%CI (1.09, 10.28), and low Apgar score (AOR=2.69; 95%Cl (1.37, 5.26). Maternal factors were: foul smelling vaginal discharge (AOR=2.75; 95%Cl (1.40, 5.38), and Intrapartum fever (AOR=3.35; 95%Cl (1.7, 6.62). In this finding proportion of Neonatal sepsis was low. Measures targeting the prevention of premature rupture of membranes and low Apgar score need to be taken, like strengthening maternal birth preparedness and complication readiness plans. Also, identification of congenital anomalies earlier in pregnancy may decrease neonatal sepsis.
Sensory processing of women diagnosed with genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder: a research proposal
Authors: Labuschagne Elsie , Niekerk Matty van
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The study objectives are to describe the sensory processing patterns of women diagnosed with genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder (GPPPD), to explore the level of anxiety when both GPPPD and sensory processing disorder (SPD) are present and to investigate participants’ experience of participating in a sensory-based home programme.
Methods: A descriptive two-phased study design will be used. Phase one is a quantitative, cross sectional non-experimental descriptive study, using the Adolescent/Adult Sensory History (ASH) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS) to obtain data from purposive sampling.
Phase two is an exploratory qualitative study involving participants who were identified with SPD in phase one. They will participate in a sensory-based home programme and their experience thereof will be established during semi-structured interviews.
Outcomes: Descriptive studies are known to be useful in planning health services and to develop hypotheses for future testing. This study could improve practitioners’ understanding of GPPPD and SPD and make alternative, non-invasive, non-pharmacological treatment options available to better assist these patients. The study could further clarify the role of the occupational therapist in sexuality. Exploring participants’ anxiety has important implications for treatment protocols in occupational therapy and assisting in describing the signs and symptoms of GPPPD.
Prevalence of diabetes among homeless and slum dwellers in Accra, Ghana: A survey study
Authors: BAWAH AHMED TIJANI , Yawson Albert Abaka , Seini Mohammed Mustapha , Yeboah Francis Agyemang , Ngala Robert Amadu
Published: September 2019

Objective: This study aimed at determining diabetes status of homeless people in Nima and Agbogbloshie, Accra, Ghana and to evaluate the association between socio-demographic characteristics and diabetes prevalence.
Results: A total of 130 homeless and slum dwellers took part in the study out of which 7 (5.4%) participants were diagnosed with diabetes while 13 (10 %) were considered as having prediabetes. This is slightly lower than what had been reported two decades ago but similar to overall estimates of diabetes prevalence in Africa (5.7%). Diagnosis of normoglycemia, prediabetes and diabetes was based on individual’s hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level: ≤5.9%, 6.4–6.0%, and ≥6.5%, respectively. There was no significant association between prevalence of diabetes or prediabetes and the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants. The slightly lower diabetes prevalence among the homeless and slum dwellers compared to the general population may be due to constant movement of these people in the streets, a practice that could serve as a form of exercise for them. Intensive social support aimed at preventing and managing diabetes is crucial if we are to further reduce the incidence of diabetes in homeless people.
Keywords: Homeless, Diabetes mellitus, Hemoglobin A1c, Head porters
Breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female healthcare workers in West Shoa Zone, Western Ethiopia 2019: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Shallo seifadin Ahmed , Boru Jibril Dori
Published: September 2019

Abstract
Objective : Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among reproductive-age women worldwide and the second leading cause of death among women in Ethiopia. Regular breast self-examination is the most cost-effective methods for early detection of breast cancer. Despite this fact, breast self-examination was low among women in the general population and it was not well documented among health care workers. Therefore, this study intended to assess the magnitude of breast self-examination practice and associated factors among female healthcare workers in public health facility in West Shoa zone, Ethiopia. Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 379 female healthcare workers. The study participants were recruited by lottery method. Data were collected from March to April 2019. Data were entered into Epi data version 4.5 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate and multiple logistic regressions analysis were done. With 95% CI, significance level was decided at p-value≤ 0.05

Results: The magnitude of regular breast self-examination practice was 32.6%. Educational levels, breast cancer awareness, knowledge towards breast self-examination were predictors of breast self-examination. Regular awareness creation forum on breast self-examination technique, risk factors, and related matters should be facilitated so that all female health care workers will be reminded.
Socioeconomic inequality in unhealthy lifestyles across low and middle income countries: a different case than in high income countries
Authors: Dieteren Charlotte , Bonfrer Igna
Published: September 2019

Background: The link between unhealthy lifestyle factors and non-communicable diseases is evident from a range of studies. Policy makers in high income settings have access to information identifying segments of the population where unhealthy lifestyles are most prevalent. However, this same information for low and middle income countries (LMICs)remains scarce, making it difficult to inform and target effective interventions. This study aims to quantify the prevalence and socioeconomic inequalities in unhealthy lifestyle factors in LMICs and to identify policy priority areas on the path towards the Sustainable Development Goal of reducing deaths from non-communicable diseases by one third in 2030.

Methods: Self-reported data from 1,278,624 adults derived from the Demographics & Health Surveys in 22 LMICs between 2013 and 2018 were used to estimate crude prevalence rates and socioeconomic inequalities in BMI, tobacco use, alcohol use and harmful alcohol use. The variation in lifestyle factors across socioeconomic status is measured by means of the Erreygers concentration index. We identify whether countries that invest more in population health are less likely to exhibit large socioeconomic inequalities in unhealthy lifestyles by correlating the percentage of GDP spent on health with the Erreygers concentration index. We use a four quadrant model to identify countries that should be prioritized because of a “double disadvantage” i.e. both a skewed distribution of unhealthy lifestyles towards the poor and low spending on health nationwide.

Results: Tobacco and alcohol use is largely concentrated among the poor, while overweight is heavily concentrated among the better-off in LMICs. Clustering of alcohol and tobacco use in individuals as shown for high income countries, is not found for LMICs.

Conclusions: This study emphasized that unhealthy lifestyles play an important role in LMICs, and that different unhealthy lifestyle factors vary in their socioeconomic distribution. The targeting of interventions to reduce the burden from unhealthy lifestyles in LMICs should not be simply copied from high income countries but be tailored towards high-risk populations in LMICs. We identified Congo, Tanzania and Zambia as the most disadvantaged countries in our sample, implying that priority should be given to these populations, allowing for the largest health improvements.
Association Between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Chunxi , Zhang Naxin , Gao Liang
Published: September 2019

Aims: To explore the correlation between Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and lung carcinoma.
Methods: Databases of PubMed, Embase, Embase, Ovid, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database were investigated for eligible literatures from their establishments to February, 2019. Included studies were selected according to specific eligibility criteria. Statistical analysis were performed by RevMan 5.3 software.
Results: Thirteen studies with 2553 lung carcinoma cases and 2460 controls were eligible for meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that the C. pneumoniae infection IgA significant increased the risk of lung carcinoma (OR=3.19; 95% CI=1.96-5.19; p < 0.00001) by random effect model. And for serum IgG, the pooled OR was 2.02 ( 95% CI=1.29-3.16; p < 0.00001) by using the random effects model. The results indicated that the IgA positive rate was significantly higher in lung cancer patients than healthy controls.
Conclusions: This meta-analysis revealed that C. pneumoniae infection may be a potential risk factor for lung carcinoma. However, due to its significant heterogeneity in the included studies, the consequence should be understand with caution.
COHORT PATTERNS OF FERTILITY IN POLAND BASED ON STAGING PROCESS – GENERATIONS 1930-1980
Authors: Grzenda Wioletta , Frątczak Ewa
Published: September 2019

As a transition country in the region of Central and Eastern Europe, Poland has experienced unprecedented changes in the fertility. Currently, the total fertility rate level is very low, ca. 1.3 children per woman, which is below the replacement level. Many studies have described changes in fertility based on the cross-sectional approach. However, the changes of cohort fertility have been described not quite sufficiently. Our paper complements this gap by the assessment of stochastic fertility tables, calculated for five-year generations of women born in the period 1930-1980. The main goal of this study is to analyse changes in the cohort patterns of female fertility in Poland.
TESTING HYPOTHESES ABOUT STRUCTURE OF PARAMETERS IN MODELS WITH BLOCK COMPOUND SYMMETRIC COVARIANCE STRUCTURE
Authors: Zmyślony Roman , Kozioł Arkadiusz
Published: September 2019

In this article we deal with testing the hypotheses of the so-called structured mean vector and the structure of a covariance matrix. For testing the above mentioned hypotheses Jordan algebra properties are used and tests based on best quadratic unbiased estimators (BQUE) are constructed. For convenience coordinate-free approach (see Kruskal (1968) and Drygas (1970)) is used as a tool for characterization of best unbiased estimators and testing hypotheses. To obtain the test for mean vector, linear function of mean vector with the standard inner product in null hypothesis is changed into equivalent hypothesis about some quadratic function of mean parameters (it is shown that both hypotheses are equivalent and testable). In both tests the idea of the positive and negative part of quadratic estimators is applied to get the test, statistics which have F distribution under the null hypothesis. Finally, power functions of the obtained tests are compared with other known tests like LRT or Roy test. For some set for parameters in the model the presented tests have greater power than the above mentioned tests. In the article we present new results of coordinate-free approach and an overview of existing results for estimation and testing hypotheses about BCS models.
A PERSISTÊNCIA DO FRACASSO/SUCESSO PRISIONAL: A HIPÓTESE DO ILEGALISMO EM MICHEL FOUCAULT
Authors: Ramos Marcelo Buttelli , De Avila Gustavo Noronha
Published: September 2019

O presente ensaio tem por objetivo problematizar dois fatos já consagrados no âmbito dos estudos criminológicos contemporâneos (e.g. a resiliência da Prisão e a expansão dos discursos de encarceramento) a partir da sua exposição ao conceito foucaultiano de “ilegalismo”. Ancorados no pensamento de Michel Foucault, os autores buscam, nestes escrito, desenvolver a hipótese que sugere a possibilidade de se realizar uma leitura (pelo avesso) do argumento que informa o “fracasso histórico da prisão”, concebendo tal fato não como uma desventura, uma fatalidade, mas, ao invés, como uma espécie de desvio consciente e estratégico dos discursos oficiais, cujo objetivo primeiro seria o desenvolvimento de uma economia biopolítica focalizada na (re)produção de subjetividades normalizadas. Os autores procuram verificar a validade da hipótese a partir da realização de uma análise crítica acerca das conjunturas histórica e política que serviram de cenário para a edição da Lei dos Crimes Hediondos.  Palavras-chave: Foucault; Vigiar e Punir; Prisão; Ilegalismo; Lei de Crimes Hediondos.
DIREITOS HUMANOS E EDUCAÇÃO: DIRETRIZES FUNDAMENTAIS
Authors: Silva José Irivaldo Alves Oliveira , Firmino Nunes Gutyelson Henrik
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho parte dos pressupostos traçados no plano nacional de educação em direitos humanos (PNEDH), e tem a preocupação de conhecer como está sendo abordada a temática dos Direitos Humanos em sala de aula. Como os professores adquirem informações sobre a temática? Quais os conhecimentos e práticas dos professores sobre o assunto? Visto que, esta temática, de acordo com o Programa mundial para educação em Direitos Humanos, é uma temática que deve permear a prática pedagógica dos professores em sala de aula. A pesquisa foi do tipo qualitativa e de natureza descritiva, o mesmo ainda se caracterizou como um estudo de caso. Num primeiro momento foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de livros e artigos, como também em sites dos seguintes temas: Direitos Humanos e Educação em Direitos Humanos. Já no segundo momento foram aplicados os instrumentos de coleta de dados por meio de questionários. Dessa forma, verificou-se que a escola trabalha de forma muito superficial temas relacionados com os direitos humanos ao ponto de não ser percebido, ficando evidente a necessidade de avançar no sentido de fazer uma ampla discussão com a comunidade escolar sobre Direitos Humanos.
JURISDIÇÃO CONSTITUCIONAL E PROCESSO CIVIL DEMOCRÁTICO: UM DIÁLOGO NECESSÁRIO PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UM PARADIGMA DECISÓRIO COMUM
Authors: Catharina Alexandre De Castro
Published: September 2019

Ao completar 30 anos de vigência, a Constituição Federal de 1988 ainda estimula importantes reflexões e análises sobre sua efetividade e sua importância para a consolidação da democracia brasileira. Não há dúvidas no sentido de que o texto constitucional contribuiu para encaminhar o debate sobre a consolidação da democracia no Brasil. A ampliação dos direitos das minorias e o acesso aos direitos de cidadania são temas centrais tanto em importantes julgamentos realizados pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal como também da agenda política levada a efeito pelo parlamento. Entretanto, o escopo deste trabalho é voltado para o contexto da jurisdição constitucional. Pretende-se analisar as transformações ocorridas na jurisdição constitucional após a Constituição Federal de 1988 e os reflexos desta práxis no direito processual civil brasileiro. Entender estas interseções entre a jurisdição constitucional e a jurisdição civil é fundamental para a construção de um paradigma decisório comum. O trabalho utilizou, como metodologia, a pesquisa bibliográfica e a qualitativa-documental para análise de decisões judiciais.
METODE DAKWAH MENURUT JALALUDDIN RAKHMAT DAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING ISLAM (BKI)
Authors: Maullasari Sri
Published: September 2019

In line with the increasingly rapid development of the era, da'wah activities require a precise strategy and a clear concept. For this reason, it is necessary to have a systematic method or method that is used to deliver material or preach messages to mad'u. The author focuses on conducting studies between the methods of da'wah according to Jalaluddin Rakhmat and their implementation in Islamic guidance and counseling because they can be said to be interrelated. According to Jalaluddin Rachmat there are three methods of da'wah, namely: preaching with wisdom (bi al-hikmah), mau'idzah hasanah, and da'wah with good discussion (mujadalah billati hiya ahsan). The da'wah method according to Jalaluddin Rakhmat can be implemented in the guidance and counseling process as an effort to deepen the application of counseling communication skills. Al hikmah can be applied in the initial stages of counseling process trying to understand a client's problems. Mauidzhah hasanah can be applied in the middle stage, which is the stage of work where there will be advice so that clients can find various alternatives to the problems at hand. Mujadalah billati hiya ahsan can be applied in the final stage, namely the action stage which seeks to convince clients of solutions that will be taken independently.

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Sejalan dengan perkembangan zaman yang semakin pesat, kegiatan dakwah memerlukan sebuah strategi yang jitu dan konsep yang jelas. Untuk itu perlu sebuah metode atau cara yang sistematis yang  digunakan untuk menyampaikan materi atau pesan dakwah kepada mad’u. Dalam kajian ini penulis fokus untuk melakukan pengkajian antara metode dakwah menurut Jalaluddin Rakhmat dan implementasinya dalam bimbingan dan konseling Islam karena keduanya bisa dikatakan saling berkaitan. Menurut Jalaluddin Rakhmat terdapat tiga metode dakwah, yakni, dakwah dengan hikmah (bi al-hikmah), mau’idzah hasanah, dan dakwah dengan diskusi yang baik (mujadalah billati hiya ahsan). Metode dakwah menurut Jalaluddin Rakhmat dapat diimplementasikan dalam proses bimbingan dan konseling sebagai upaya memperdalam penerapan ketrampilan komunikasi konseling. Al-hikmah dapat diterapkan dalam tahap awal konseling, untuk memahami suatu permasalahan klien. Mauidzhah hasanah dapat diterapkan dalam  tahap pertengahan, yang merupakan tahap kerja dimana akan adanya nasihat-nasihat agar klien bisa menemukan berbagai alternatif atas permasalahan yang dihadapi. Mujadalah  billati hiya ahsan dapat diterapkan dalam tahap akhir, yaitu tahap tindakan (action) yang berusaha untuk menyakinkan klien terhadap solusi yang akan diambil secara mandiri.
Evli Kadınların Aile İçi Şiddete Maruz Kalma Durumu ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Authors: Tel Havva , Kocataş Semra , Güler Nuran , Tel Aydın Hatice , Akgül Gündoğdu Nurcan
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışma evli kadınların aile içi şiddete maruz kalma durumunu ve etkileyen
faktörleri belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte olan
araştırmanın örneklemine, araştırmanın evrenini oluşturan 330 kursiyer kadından
18 yaş ve üzeri, evli ve araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 220 kadın alınmıştır.
Araştırma verileri “kişisel bilgi formu” “kadına yönelik aile içi şiddeti
belirleme ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır.
Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzdelik dağılım ki-kare testi, t
testi ve varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan kadınların %69.5’i
görücü usulü ile evlendiğini, %30.5’i eşinden şiddet gördüğünü
belirtmiştir.  Tanışarak evlenen,
fiziksel hastalığı veya ruhsal hastalığı olan ve eşinden şiddet gördüğünü ifade
eden kadınların kadına yönelik ev içi şiddeti belirleme ölçeği puan
ortalamasının daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda;  kadınların aile içi eş şiddet türleri ve aile
içi eş şiddetinin tedavi edilmesi gereken bir sorun olduğu konusunda
bilgilendirilmesi,  şiddet yaşantısında
yardım ve destek alacakları kaynaklarının tanıtılması, şiddetin sonuçlarına
yönelik farkındalıklarının artırılması önerilmektedir.
Benzocaine: Review on a Drug with Unfold Potential
Authors: Khair-ul-Bariyah Syeda , Arshad Muhammad , Ali Muhammad , Din Muhammad Imran , Sharif Ahsan , Ahmed Ejaz
Published: September 2019

:

Benzocaine is well-known for its role as an anesthetic agent and largely used in oral ulcers,
ear pain and dental complications. Along with lidocaine and other local anesthetics, benzocaine has
marked it as an anesthetic agent in surgical procedures and as Na+ channels blocker, as well. Analogues
of benzocaine have been found to possess biological potentials including antibacterial, antifungal
and anti-cancer. Some derivatives were found to have conspicuous action against tuberculosis. The
current review focuses to explore the century-long potential of the molecule and its analogs that have
appeared in the literature. Furthermore, highlighting the biological potential of benzocaine and its analogues
shall open-up new dimensions of future research to design more potent analogues.
Cancer Immunotherapy: An Effective Tool in Cancer Control and Treatment
Authors: Kaur Kawalpreet , Khatik Gopal L.
Published: September 2019

Background::

Cancer immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment which effectively
harnesses the natural ability of the immune system to fight against cancer cells. This approach
takes into consideration the fact that cancer cells express various types of antigens on their surface.
Such tumor antigens can be detected by the immune system. However, cancer cells normally
develop resistance to the defensive mechanisms presented by the immune system. Thus, cancer
immunotherapy has some challenges in its path but due to its impressive clinical effectiveness, it
is considered as the potential and effective mode of treatment for cancer.

Methods::

We searched the scientific database using cancer, immunotherapy, and tumor antigens
as the keywords. Herein, only peer-reviewed research articles were collected which were useful to
our current work.

Results::

Cells responsible for incurring natural immunity to the body are engineered in such a
way that they become able to efficiently recognize and bind to tumor antigens. Such type of immunotherapy
is referred to as active immunotherapy. Another type is passive immunotherapy,
which involves the process of modifying the existing natural immune responses against cancer
cells. A hybrid type of immunotherapy has also been developed which involves the combinative
use of both active and passive immunotherapy. Cancer immunotherapy has so far proven to be an
effective treatment for cancer as this therapy primarily aims at attacking cancer cells and not the
healthy body cells lying in close vicinity to them.

Conclusion::

In the review, we described the significance of immunotherapy in the management
of various types of cancer.
Theoretical Investigation of the CO2 Capture Properties of γ-LiAlO2 and α-Li5AlO4
Authors: Duan Yuhua
Published: September 2019

Aim:

The aim is to develop effective CO2 sorbent materials for fighting global climate
change.

Background:

CO2 is one of the major combustion products which once released into the air can contribute
to global climate change. There is a critical need for the development of new materials that can
capture CO2 reversibly with acceptable energy and cost performance for these applications. Accordingly,
solid sorbents have been reported to be promising candidates for CO2 sorbent applications
through a reversible chemical transformation due to their high CO2 absorption capacities at moderate
working temperatures.

Methods:

By combining first-principles density functional theory with phonon lattice dynamics calculations,
the thermodynamic properties of the CO2 capture reaction by sorbent as a function of temperature
and pressure can be determined without any experimental input beyond crystallographic structural
information of the solid phases involved. The calculated thermodynamic properties are used to evaluate
the equilibrium properties for the CO2 adsorption/desorption cycles.

Results:

Both γ-LiAlO2 and α-Li5AlO4 are insulators with wide band gaps of 4.70 and 4.76 eV, respectively.
Their 1st valence bands just below the Fermi level are mainly formed by p orbitals of Li, O
and Al as well as s orbital of Li. By increasing the temperature from 0 K up to 1500 K, their phonon
free energies are decreased while their entropies are increased. The thermodynamic properties of CO2
capture reactions by γ-LiAlO2 and α-Li5AlO4 are calculated and used for comparing with other wellknown
sorbent materials.

Conclusion:

The calculated thermodynamic properties of γ-LiAlO2 and α-Li5AlO4 reacting with CO2
indicate that LiAlO2 could be used for capturing CO2 at warm temperature range (500-800 K) while α-
Li5AlO4 could be used for capturing CO2 at high-temperature range (800-1000 K), which are in good
agreement with available experimental data.
Reorientation for National Transformation: the Role of Literature
Authors: Nnabuihe Chigozie Bright
Published: September 2019

At the formative period of any human society, certain relevant orientations are conceived, designed and actualized to create awareness of what should be acceptable and/or unacceptable in human relationships. There are core values, norms and morals aimed at guiding the behaviour of the native population and making them aware of their place, time and identity within their society. The sole aim of such orientations is to ensure cohesion and a peaceful harmonious existence. Oral literature as it is referred to in this paper points to those literary artistic creations composed in oral form for the purposes of entertainment, edification and education. In the paper, we limit our discussions to the oral version of literature, drawing most of the excerpts from the works of oral Igbo literary artists. A few instances are also drawn from the written version as the need arises.

KEYWORDS: RE-ORIENTATION, NATIONAL TRANSFORMATION, ROLE, ORAL IGBO LITERATURE
Memorializing a Legendary Figure: Bajajidda the Prince of Bagdad in Hausa Land
Authors: Liman Abubakar Aliyu
Published: September 2019

This paper examines the various ways in which the Bayajidda legend is memorialized. In its current manifestations, the legend can be seen as an important agency for the remembrance of the past in the context of rapid socio-historical change in Africa, under the influence of modernity, technology and globalization. The analysis begins by highlighting the interface between folklore and history in everyday cultural practices in postcolonial northern Nigeria. The signposts that give a coherent structure to the paper include the chronicles of the Bayajidda legend, the essential oral version circulating in its different forms in Hausa society. Over the years, reference to the legend of Bayajidda has always been made through the use of different modes of cultural expression such as song, dramatic performance, film and other forms of narration. This range has served the political and ideological interests of the dominant power elite who are consistently alluding to the Bayajidda legend. The survival of the essential oral narrative therefore depends solely on a strategy of alluding to the legend in its various guises, including the form of museum artifacts, drama, films and musical songs. However, the paper explores each of the specific historical periods from the pre-colonial down to the colonial and postcolonial epochs with a view to highlighting how specific forms of the legend are deployed by hegemonic structures for the purposes of legitimation.

KEYWORDS: BAYAJIDDA, LEGEND, HISTORY, HAUSA KINGDOM, MEMORIALIZATION, RECREATION
Public Awareness of Sepsis Compared to Acute Myocardial Infarction and Stroke in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia: Questionnaire Study (Preprint)
Authors: Al-Orainan Nourah , EL-Shabasy Adel Mohamed , Al-Shanqiti Khawlah Alamin , Al-Harbi Rawan Awad , Alnashri Hadeel Rajeh , Rezqallah Raghad Ahmed , Mirghani Alanoud Abdallah
Published: September 2019

BACKGROUND

Sepsis is a state of organ dysfunction caused by an impaired host response to infection. It is one of the leading causes of death globally. Sepsis, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and stroke share the primary management requirement of rapid intervention. This could be achieved through early presentation to the hospital, which demands previous knowledge of the disease to ensure better outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

Our study aimed to assess the level of public awareness of sepsis compared with AMI and stroke.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional survey study performed in June and July 2018, with 1354 participants from Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, aged ≥18 years. Data entry was performed using Microsoft Excel and statistical analysis including chi-square tests and multilogistic regression was performed using SPSS software.

RESULTS

A total of 1354 participants were included. Only 56.72% (768/1354) had heard of the term “sepsis” and 48.44% (372/768) of these participants were able to correctly identify it. In addition, 88.33% (1196/1354) had heard the term “myocardial infarction” and 64.63% (773/1196) knew the correct definition of that condition. Stroke was recognized by 81.46% (1103/1354) of participants and 59.20% (653/1103) of these participants correctly identified the condition. The difference between those who had heard of these diseases and those who knew the correct definition significantly differed from the values for awareness of sepsis and its definition.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that public awareness and knowledge of sepsis are poor amongst the population of Jeddah compared with the awareness and knowledge of AMI and stroke. This lack of knowledge may pose a serious obstruction to the prompt management needed to limit fatal outcomes.
Variabilidad espacio-temporal del fitoplancton de la ensenada Mackellar, Bahía Almirantazgo, Isla Rey Jorge, Antártida, durante el verano austral 2012/2013
Authors: Baylón Maribel , Hernández-Becerril David U. , Indacochea Aldo , Purca Sara
Published: September 2019

El ecosistema antártico es una de las regiones del mundo más sensibles al cambio climático, y presenta amplia variabilidad ambiental que modifican los patrones espaciales y temporales de la estructura fitoplanctónica. Se estudió la comunidad del fitoplancton y su variabilidad espacial y temporal de la ensenada Mackellar-bahía Almirantazgo, Antártida, en los veranos australes de 2012 y 2013. Se hicieron muestreos de agua para fitoplancton y variables ambientales en 11 estaciones a tres profundidades (0, 10 y 20 m). La masa de Agua Superficial Antártica de la zona de estudio fue reconocida. La composición total del fitoplancton en la columna de agua incluyó 40 taxones de diatomeas, 6 taxones de dinoflagelados y varias especies de nanoflagelados (< 20 µm). Los nanoflagelados pertenecen a Prasinophyceae, Cryptophyta y Haptophyta. La alternancia entre diatomeas del microplancton (20-200 µm) y nanoflagelados (< 20 µm) fue evidente durante el período de estudio: en el verano 2012 el grupo de los nanoflagelados fue más abundante (86%), con especies de diatomeas del género Thalassiosira sp. (11%), y para el verano 2013 los nanoflagelados disminuyeron considerablemente (20%), la abundancia del fitoplancton estuvo dominada por diatomeas como Thalassiosira delicatula (36%), Pseudo-nitzschia grupo delicatissima (9%), Porosira glacialis (6%), y el dinoflagelado Gymnodinium sp. (19%). La densidad celular en el verano 2012 fue menor, en comparación con el verano 2013, donde ocurrió una floración de diatomeas. La diversidad del fitoplancton fue baja (< 1,97 bits⋅célula-1) en ambos veranos. Las principales diferencias fueron la dominancia de diatomeas del microplancton y nanoflagelados, las cuales probablemente fueron causadas por la disminución de la salinidad y el aumento de oxígeno superficial observado en la Antártida, producto del deshielo ocurrido durante los veranos 2012 y 2013.
Catch composition of deep-sea resources of commercial importance in the Colombian Caribbean
Authors: Grijalba-Bendeck Marcela , Paramo Jorge , Wolff Matthias
Published: September 2019

Recent studies in the Colombian Caribbean Sea describe the potential for a new deep-sea crustacean fishery between 200 a 550-m depth. In order to support appropriate management plans for their sustainable utilization, the goal of the present study was to identify the catch composition and to detect general trends in the bathymetric distribution of the main four biological categories (crustaceans, teleostean, chondrichthyes and molluscs), in relation to depth strata. A total catch per unit area of 8,759 ind. km-2 and 226 kg km-2 was reported and the major contribution was supported by teleostean fish (89 species; 62% abundance and 73% of total biomass), dominating the depth stratum 200-300 m, followed by crustaceans (36% and 22%, respectively) for deeper waters (> 500 m). Most important species were the fish Coelorinchus caelorhincus (20.2 ind. km-2; 16.7 kg km-2) and the crustaceans Penaeopsis serrata (579 ind. km-2, 7% of the total abundance) and Pleoticus robustus (12.6 kg km-2, 6% of the total biomass). The information obtained is part of a base line required to describing the potential effects of deep-sea fisheries on the ecosystem and supporting future decisions about use, management and conservation of deep resources for this region.