bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Students’ satisfaction with learning experience in Covid-19 imposed virtual learning environment
Authors: Prodanović Marijana , Gavranović Valentina
Published: April 2021

The organisation of the overall teaching and learning process during the ongoing pandemic has brought to light a complex range of educational aspects which need to be considered while reexamining and reevaluating the quality of teaching practices. The unavoidable criterion relevant for creating a meaningful educational context includes students’ perspectives and thoughts on these aspects of the processes they are active participants of. This paper focuses on university students‘ satisfaction with various aspects of online teaching and learning organisation. It reports on the answers the respondents, students majoring in English, gave to the Students‘ Satisfactory Survey, which consisted of a set of five-point Likert scale and one open-ended questions. The aim of this study is to investigate how satisfied the university students are with the online teaching-learning context – its overall organisation and the quality of lectures organised, delivered and assessed in a virtual environment. The results to a set of closed-ended questions are represented with statistic data and followed by the descriptive narrative, and the answers to the open-ended question are classified according to a common denominator, and subsequently analysed and discussed. The answers analysis shows that the majority of students have a rather positive attitude towards the online learning environment, and it also points to the aspects which can be improved.
Transiciones socio-tecnológicas en el Soconusco. La reconfiguración del paisaje a través de nichos de innovación en fincas cafetaleras
Authors: Pardo Núñez Joaliné
Published: April 2021

Se analizaron las transiciones sociales y tecnológicas que han tenido las fincas cafetaleras en el Soconusco, Chiapas, para mantenerse competitivas ante el estrés climático que anualmente amenaza la producción agrícola, así como ante los shocks económicos y políticos con respecto a los precios y comercialización internacional del café en las últimas cuatro décadas. Se recurre al concepto de transiciones socio-tecnológicas, destacando los nichos de innovación que desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX han implementado los propietarios de las fincas en sus prácticas de cultivo y políticas laborales; estos nichos han escalado a nuevos regímenes tecnológicos que han configurado un nuevo paisaje socio-tecnológico a nivel región. Se emplearon datos obtenidos a partir de literatura especializada con información recabada en trabajo de campo, entrevistando a finqueros y a productores del Soconusco, concluyendo que el régimen socio-tecnológico regional transitó de la explotación laboral y el monocultivo a la inclusión y la cooperación social, la valoración ambiental y cultural de los recursos regionales.
GESTÃO ESCOLAR E OS NOVOS ESPAÇOS EDUCACIONAIS GERADOS PELA TECNOLOGIA
Authors: da Silva Gonzaga Leydiane , de Paiva Lino Ingred Naely , Quadros Borges Fabricio
Published: April 2021

O objetivo desta investigação é analisar a gestão escolar em uma instituição secundarista no município de Mãe do Rio (PA), de maneira a questionar se a instituição favorece ao acompanhamento das mudanças pertinentes aos novos espaços educacionais gerados pelos avanços tecnológicos. A metodologia é composta de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental e de uma pesquisa de campo com uso de questionários fechados junto a gestores e professores, de maneira a possibilitar a identificação destes novos espaços educacionais e das principais dificuldades encontradas pela instituição pesquisada no monitoramento das alterações necessárias ao uso destes espaços. O estudo concluiu que a gestão escolar no ambiente da instituição pesquisada enfrenta severas dificuldades em favorecer mudanças pertinentes aos novos espaços educacionais gerados pelos avanços tecnológicos e precisa estruturar procedimentos de planejamento capazes de dinamizar a tecnologia disponível no ambiente da instituição e adequá-la aos novos espaços educacionais.
SABERES ANCESTRALES EN LA ENSEÑANZA-APRENDIZAJE EN LA ZONA SUR DE ECUADOR
Authors: Hinojosa Becerra Mónica , Chalán Chalán Ángel Polivio
Published: April 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como propósito verificar la aplicación del Modelo del Sistema de Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (MOSEIB) en los Centros Educativos Comunitarios Interculturales Bilingües de la Zona sur de Ecuador. Tiene un enfoque mixto de tipo exploratorio y descriptivo. Para recabar información se aplicó una encuesta construida en base a los criterios e indicadores de evaluación en el proceso de gestión del currículo del MOSEIB, instrumento que fue aplicado al 36% de los docentes inscritos en Educación Intercultural Bilingüe, pertenecientes al Ministerio de Educación en las Provincias de Loja, Zamora y El Oro, lo que representa la muestra no probabilística. Se encuestó a 208 de los 570 docentes de educación intercultural. El análisis se apoyó de la teoría y el respaldo legal vigente, llegándose a la conclusión que la aplicación del MOSEIB se da en un 53% de los casos en un nivel bueno, el 18% de las ocasiones en un nivel muy bueno, y el restante en niveles regulares y deficientes, ya que existen dificultades que limitan la transferencia de saberes ancestrales. El problema de la pérdida de identidad social es por la limitada formación y capacitación docente, así como también el poco compromiso de la comunidad y todos los miembros del sistema educativo intercultural bilingüe, los cuales deben trabajar mancomunadamente por mantener y rescatar su cultura y su lengua originaria.
Aerosol particle depolarization ratio at 1565 nm measured with a Halo Doppler lidar
Authors: Vakkari Ville , Baars Holger , Bohlmann Stephanie , Bühl Johannes , Komppula Mika , Mamouri Rodanthi-Elisavet , O'Connor Ewan James
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The depolarization ratio is a valuable parameter for
lidar-based aerosol categorization. Usually, the aerosol particle depolarization
ratio is determined at relatively short wavelengths of 355 nm and/or 532 nm,
but some multi-wavelength studies including longer wavelengths indicate
strong spectral dependency. Here, we investigate the capabilities of Halo
Photonics StreamLine Doppler lidars to retrieve the particle linear
depolarization ratio at the 1565 nm wavelength. We utilize collocated
measurements with another lidar system, PollyXT at Limassol, Cyprus, and at
Kuopio, Finland, to compare the depolarization ratio observed by the two
systems. For mineral-dust-dominated cases we find typically a slightly lower
depolarization ratio at 1565 nm than at 355 and 532 nm. However, for dust
mixed with other aerosol we find a higher depolarization ratio at 1565 nm. For
polluted marine aerosol we find a marginally lower depolarization ratio at
1565 nm compared to 355 and 532 nm. For mixed spruce and birch pollen we
find a slightly higher depolarization ratio at 1565 nm compared to 532 nm.
Overall, we conclude that Halo Doppler lidars can provide a particle linear
depolarization ratio at the 1565 nm wavelength at least in the lowest 2–3 km
above ground.
Occurrence of silesiaite, a new calcium–iron–tin sorosilicate in the calcic skarn of El Valle-Boinás, Asturias, Spain
Authors: Cepedal Antonia , Fuertes-Fuente Mercedes , Martin-Izard Agustín
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Silesiaite (Ca2Fe+3Sn(Si2O7)(Si2O6OH)), the Fe3+ analogue of kristiansenite
(Ca2ScSn(Si2O7)(Si2O6OH)), has been found in the
calcic Cu–Au skarn of El Valle-Boinás, in the north of Spain, which is
the second occurrence of this mineral in the world. The study under optical
microscopy shows crystals with a distinct pleochroism, from uncoloured to
yellowish, high relief and imperfect cleavage under plain polarized light.
Under polarized and analysed light, the mineral shows anomalous colours of
interference and hourglass and sector optical zoning. Backscattered electron
images reveal compositional zoning mimicking optical zoning with light grey
(Sn-rich) and dark grey (Fe-rich) zones. The electron microprobe analyses
showed that Fe-rich zones are also the richest in Al and Ti, whereas the
Sn-rich zones are richest in Mn. The Fe+3 and Fe+2 proportions
calculated by stoichiometry suggest a couple substitution such as
2(Fe,Al)+3⇔(Sn,Ti)+4+(Fe,Mn,Mg)+2. According to this, the formula of the
silesiaite can be written as Ca2Fe1-2x+3Fex+2SnxSnSi2O7Si2O6OH, where x is between 0 and 0.4.
A multiproxy database of western North American Holocene paleoclimate records
Authors: Routson Cody C. , Kaufman Darrell S. , McKay Nicholas P. , Erb Michael P. , Arcusa Stéphanie H. , Brown Kendrick J. , Kirby Matthew E. , Marsicek Jeremiah P. , Anderson R. Scott , Jiménez-Moreno Gonzalo , Rodysill Jessica R. , Lachniet Matthew S. , Fritz Sherilyn C. , Bennett Joseph R. , Goman Michelle F. , Metcalfe Sarah E. , Galloway Jennifer M. , Schoups Gerrit , Wahl David B. , Morris Jesse L. , Staines-Urías Francisca , Dawson Andria , Shuman Bryan N. , Gavin Daniel G. , Munroe Jeffrey S. , Cumming Brian F.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Holocene climate reconstructions are useful for understanding the diverse
features and spatial heterogeneity of past and future climate change. Here
we present a database of western North American Holocene paleoclimate
records. The database gathers paleoclimate time series from 184 terrestrial
and marine sites, including 381 individual proxy records. The records span
at least 4000 of the last 12 000 years (median duration of 10 725 years)
and have been screened for resolution, chronologic control, and climate
sensitivity. Records were included that reflect temperature, hydroclimate,
or circulation features. The database is shared in the machine readable
Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format and includes geochronologic data for
generating site-level time-uncertain ensembles. This publicly accessible and
curated collection of proxy paleoclimate records will have wide research
applications, including, for example, investigations of the primary features
of ocean–atmospheric circulation along the eastern margin of the North
Pacific and the latitudinal response of climate to orbital changes. The
database is available for download at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12863843.v1 (Routson and McKay, 2020).
Calibrating 1D hydrodynamic river models in the absence of cross-sectional geometry: A new parameterization scheme
Authors: Jiang Liguang , Christensen Silja Westphal , Bauer-Gottwein Peter
Published: April 2021

Abstract. Hydrodynamic modeling has been increasingly used to simulate water surface elevation which is important for flood prediction and risk assessment. Scarcity/inaccessibility of in-situ bathymetric information has hindered hydrodynamic model development at continental-global scales. Therefore, river cross-section geometry has commonly been approximated using highly simplified generic shapes. However, strong correlations appear between cross-section shape parameters and hydraulic roughness in a hydraulic inversion approach. This study introduces a novel parameterization of 1D hydrodynamic models that reduces ambiguity by combining cross-section geometry and roughness into a conveyance parameter. Flow area and conveyance are expressed as power-law functions of flow depth, and thus are assumed to be linearly related in log-log space at reach scale. Data from a wide range of river systems show that the linearity approximation is globally applicable. Because the two are expressed as power-law functions of flow depth, no further assumptions about channel geometry are needed. Therefore, the hydraulic inversion approach allows for calibrating flow area and conveyance curves in the absence of bathymetry and hydraulic roughness. Its feasibility and performance are illustrated using satellite observations of river width and water surface elevation.
A new finite element approach to model microscale strain localization within olivine aggregates
Authors: Furstoss Jean , Petit Carole , Ganino Clément , Bernacki Marc , Pino-Muñoz Daniel
Published: April 2021

Abstract. This paper presents a new mesoscopic full field approach for the modelling of microstructural evolutions and mechanical behavior of olivine aggregates. The mechanical framework is based on a reduced crystal plasticity (CP) formulation which is adapted to account for non-dislocation glide strain-accommodating mechanisms in olivine polycrystals. This mechanical description is coupled with a mixed velocity/pressure finite element (FE) formulation through a classical crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM) approach. The microstrutural evolutions, such as grain boundary migration and dynamic recrystallization, are also computed within a FE framework using an implicit description of the polycrystal through the level-set approach. This numerical framework is used to study the strain localization, at the polycrystal scale, on different types of pre-existing shear zones for thermomechanical conditions relevant to laboratory experiments. We show that both fine-grained and crystallographic textured pre-existing bands favor strain localization at the sample scale. The combination of both processes has a large effect on strain localization, which emphasizes the importance of these two microstructural characteristics (texture and grain size) on the mechanical behavior of the aggregate.
Grounding zone subglacial properties from calibrated active-source seismic methods
Authors: Horgan Huw J. , van Haastrecht Laurine , Alley Richard B. , Anandakrishnan Sridhar , Beem Lucas H. , Christianson Knut , Muto Atsuhiro , Siegfried Matthew R.
Published: April 2021

Abstract. The grounding zone of Whillans Ice Stream, West Antarctica, exhibits an abrupt transition in basal properties from the grounded ice to the ocean cavity over distances of less than 0.5–1 km. Active-source seismic methods reveal the downglacier-most grounded portion of the ice stream is underlain by a relatively stiff substrate (relatively high shear wave velocities of 1100±430 m s−1) compared to the deformable till found elsewhere beneath the ice stream. Changes in basal reflectivity in our study area cannot be explained by the stage of the tide. Several kilometres upstream of the grounding zone, layers of subglacial water are detected, as are regions that appear to be water layers but are less than the thickness resolvable by our technique. The presence of stiff subglacial sediment and thin water layers upstream of the grounding zone supports previous studies that have proposed the dewatering of sediment within the grounding zone and the trapping of subglacial water upstream of the ocean cavity. The setting enables calibration of our methodology using returns from the floating ice shelf. This allows a comparison of different techniques used to estimate the sizes of the seismic sources, a constraint essential for the accurate recovery of subglacial properties. We find a strong correlation (coefficient of determination=0.46) between our calibrated method and a commonly used multiple-bounce method, but our results also highlight the incomplete knowledge of other factors affecting the amplitude of seismic sources and reflections in the cryosphere.
EVALUASI PENERAPAN KULTUR TEKNIS PADATANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT MENGHASILKAN DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KABUPATEN BERAU KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Suryani Dwi , Anwar Rusli , Rusmini  , Mulyadi Fadli , Ngapiyatun Sri
Published: April 2021

Background of this study is on how the right plantation management practices become the absolute provision to gain eminent yield. Thus the company must evaluates the application on the technical culture of mature plant in order to know how big is the value and influence of the technical culture application so that the company can attain the optimum production.Therefore this study aims to identify and calculate the application rate of cultivation technique factors that have been applied by the company itself also to calculate the loss rate from misapplication of cultivation techniques that have been affected oil palm production based on the cultivation technical manual and estimated loss value incurred by PPKS Medan and identify the efforts made by the company to control pests and diseases (HPT) also the development of oil palm pollinating insects (SPKS). The method used in this study was field observation method, and descriptive statistical analysis (tabulation). There were some indicators that used in field observation in this study, they are imperfect pollination in fruit development phase, oil extraction rendement (OER) and kernel extraction rendement (KER), harvesting technique and discipline on collecting loose fruits, harvesting unripe fruits, harvesting rotation >15 days, crop damage due to rat pests. The result showed that the technical culture application rate has different value in each indicator, based on the highest error rate the first was harvesting rotation > 15 days (52,75 %), second was imperfect pollination (7,05 %), third was harvesting technique and discipline on collecting loose fruits (7%), forth was crop damage due to rat pests (4,3%) and the last was harvesting unripe fruit (3,4%). The different value in application rate could be influenced by inadequate human resources, lack in controlling, facilities and infrastructure availability (like pollinating insect box, harvesting tools and good transportation access)
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN PEMUPUKAN KELAPA SAWIT DI PT. WIRA INOVA NUSANTARA DESA SUSUK DALAM KECAMATAN SANDARAN KABUPATEN KUTAI TIMUR PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Gilas Arianto  , Rahman Mujibu , Jamaluddin
Published: April 2021

This research is motivated by the importance of fertilization in order to increase sufficient nutrients, promote healthy plant growth and maximum production of Fresh Fruit Bunches and increase resistance to pests and diseases. This is what encourages researchers to analyze what factors affect the work productivity of oil palm fertilizing employees. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of age, years of service, and education on the work productivity of fertilizing employees.

 Collecting data in this study is by giving questionnaires and interviews to the respondents. The independent variables in this study are Age (X1), Working Period (X2), and Education (X3) and the Bound Variable is Productivity (Y). To determine the effect of independent variables on dependent variables, researchers used the multiple linear regression method.

From the t test results indicate that the labor productivity of fertilizing employees at PT. Wira Inova Nusantara was significantly influenced by tenure factors, while age and education did not have a significant effect on labor productivity of fertilizing employees at PT. Wira Inova Nusantara.
Histological changes in female mice kidneys as a result of Valproic acid drug treatment
Authors: Elturshani Omelaz A. M. , Al-Sarraj Khalida R. , Guseibat Tarek A. , El-nagaz El-nagi O. M. , El-Tarhouni Amal
Published: April 2021

Valproic acid is a broad  spectrum anti- convulsant drug,  established as a long – term treatment for epilepsy and has toxic effect on kidney tissues. This study aimed to investigate the histological changes that may occur in the kidney in association with prolonged administration and overdose treatment of valproic acid. 35 albino mice were used, they were divided into four groups, group(I) included 5 animals and served as control group, group(II) included 10 animals and given progressive doses of valproic acid for ten weeks, starting with (15mg/kg/day) as minimum recommended dose and ending with (60mg/kg/day) as maximum recommended dose, group(III) included 10 animals and received an overdose (120mg/kg/day) for one week, group(IV) included 10 animals and treated exactly as group(II) then the animals were left for recovery for three weeks. The animals were sacrificed at the end of each period and the kidney tissue was excised. The drug induced many histological changes in kidney tissues, including inflammatory cellular infiltration, cell necrosis, cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration, hemorrhage areas, oedema, and collagen deposition. The study concluded that valproic acid has multiple toxic effects on kidney tissues as far as the histological studies concerned and the effects were dependent on the dose and on the duration of treatment. Incomplete recovery was recorded after discontinuation of the drug.
Política externa no governo Lula (2003-2010)
Authors: Maciel David
Published: April 2021

Durante os governos do presidente Lula (2003-2010) foi adotada uma versão moderada do programa neoliberal, que combinou a manutenção dos pilares da ortodoxia econômica com novas formas de privatização, políticas sociais compensatórias, fortalecimento do mercado interno e o indutivismo econômico estatal, fortalecendo as empresas estatais e as empresas sediadas no país, as chamadas “campeãs nacionais”. A política externa mais independente e propositiva, vinculada a uma posição imperialista e autodefensiva em relação aos recursos naturais estratégicos, à economia nacional e a uma posição mais protagônica no cenário internacional, exigiu a aproximação com os países emergentes e periféricos e é neste contexto que se insere a política externa brasileira para a África.
educação profissional brasileira dos anos 1920 aos 1950 na escrita de Francisco Montojos (1900–1981)
Authors: Pedrosa José Geraldo
Published: April 2021

O texto tem como temática de fundo a educação profissional (EP) no Brasil dos anos 1920 a 1950 com relevo para a atuação, a escrita e as representações do engenheiro-educador Francisco Montojos, que atuou na EP do Governo Federal de 1927 a 1961. Nas décadas de 1930 e 1940, o governo e lideranças do empresariado industrial envolveram-se com a redefinição das instituições e pedagogia da EP. Esse processo, marcado pela sistematização de ideias, disputas e mudanças, envolveu intelectuais e implicou na escrita de textos. O artigo identifica ideias em circulação, disputas e grupos de aliados. Situa a circulação de ideias do movimento Escola Nova no ambiente da EP, com destaque para a pedagogia dos trabalhos manuais. A empiria vasculhou fontes primárias, entre as quais, textos de Montojos. De modo auxiliar examinou também textos de outros intelectuais do círculo, como Lourenço Filho, Corinto da Fonseca e Roberto Mange. As questões e o tratamento dos achados foram inspirados nos termos da história dos intelectuais.
Educação Profissional e Técnica na França e no Brasil
Authors: Medeiros Neta Olivia Morais de , Lima Neto Avelino Aldo de , Thomas Julie
Published: April 2021

Este texto objetiva comparar, em sentido histórico, as concepções e a organização da Educação Profissional na França e no Brasil a partir do século XIX. Para tal, adotamos a abordagem da história cruzada na acepção de Werner e Zimmermann (2003). Realizamos pesquisa bibliográfica e documental atentando aos marcos de legislação e de política desse campo nos dois países. Na pesquisa bibliográfica dialogamos com os seguintes autores: Bodé (1995), Bodé e Rico Gómes (2014), Brucy (2005), Brucy e Troger (2000), Grignon (1989), Lembré (2016), Léon (1968), Tanguy (2000, 2013), Troger e Pelpel (1993),  para a discussão acerca da França, e os autores Fonseca (1961), Ciavatta (2009), Cunha (2005a; 2005b; 2005c), Manfredi (2002) e Santos (2011) para pensarmos a Educação Profissional no Brasil. Pela comparação, concluiu-se que em ambos os países, revela-se a existência de uma dualidade educativa nos indícios documentais por nós trazidos à tona: de um lado, os defensores da unilateralidade da formação técnica voltada ao atendimento exclusivo das necessidades do mercado de trabalho; do outro, o ideário de formação integral, capaz de preparar um sujeito autônomo para o mundo do trabalho, ciente de seus direitos e seus deveres, construtor de cidadania plena.
Bildungsroman angolano: uma leitura de As aventuras de Ngunga, de Pepetela
Authors: Lima Maria Ismênia , Duarte de Souza Francisca Zuleide
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a obra de Pepetela, As aventuras de Ngunga, pela perspectiva do romance de formação, de modo a evidenciar as identidades dessa obra com esta categoria romanesca, bem como as particularidades que assume devido à realidade contextual enfatizada. Assim, defende-se a ideia de que As aventuras de Ngunga pode ser compreendida enquanto um Bildungsroman angolano, uma vez que apresenta a trajetória de formação do protagonista a partir das diversas circunstâncias de seu meio social, de forma que são cruciais em seu amadurecimento, necessário para o enfrentamento dos desafios propostos pela vida
Electricity Demand in Pakistan: A Household Analysis
Authors: Ahmed Nauman , Nisar Uzma
Published: April 2021

Availability of electricity is essential in modern age because it becomes a necessity of life. The present study used some economic and non-economic determinants that affect household demand for electricity. This study used PSLM survey data for the year 2013-14. The amount of electricity consumed by household was used as dependent variable whereas electricity price, household income, appliances, heating days, region, awareness, and rooms were taken as explanatory variables. Ordinary least square technique (OLS) was used for analysis. The findings of the study showed that Economic and demographic factors are important in determining electricity expenditure. In micro level analysis prices has strong and positive effect on electricity expenditures and it didn’t represent traditional behavior of demand with price. Price and income had positive impact during the period of study with demand for electricity. Expenditure on electricity is fairly higher during summer season. Positive and significant effect is estimated for stock of electricity appliances. Household members have significant effect on electricity expenditure but shows very smaller influence. The dummy variable for region indicates that electricity expenditure is higher for those households who are living in urban areas as compared to rural. Over the time period residential demand of electricity is increasing in Pakistan. As Pakistan is consumption oriented society and demand for appliances is increasing so government should take necessary measures to shift appliances on other resources other than electricity. Increasing use of the appliances increases demand for electricity therefore generation of electricity resources should be increased to meet this increasing demand.
PENGENALAN PAHLAWAN SAM RATULANGI PADA SISWA MI/SD
Authors: Khairunnisa Hilda Zuhri , Fuadah Z Anis
Published: April 2021

This article moots about a struggle of a famous and an influenced figure ever in that time, coming from Minahasa, North Sulawesi. He fought for Indonesia in his own way and got his thoughts gone viral even until now. His name is Gerungan Saul Samuel Jacob Ratulangi or usually called Sam Ratulangi. He also had the biggest role why Indonesia nowadays is called “Indonesia”.

This article was made to 1) acquaint a biography of a patriot that is Gerungan Saul Samuel Jacob Ratulangi to learners, especially in elementary school. 2) acquaint the values in Sam Ratulangi. 3) know how Sam Ratulangi fought for his beloved country and what was his role in defending Indonesia. 4) acquaint his thoughts that is going viral even in nowadays. All of the data are gotten from books, literature, and journals that are related to the topic.
Strategi Pembelajaran Daring Dengan Model Resitasi Berbasis Teknologi Bagi Siswa MI/SD
Authors: Isnaeni Aisah , Fakhru Ahsani Eva Luthfi
Published: April 2021

4.0 Revolution eases people to get connected online. It also influences the education development that goes in line with the information and communication technology advancement. One of the most-contributing in education world is online learning. This research aims to (a) describe the online learning strategy concept, (b) describe the technology based recitation model for learners, and (c) analyze the implementation of the online learning with technology based recitation model in NU Nurul Haq Islamic School, Prambatan, Kudus. This research uses a descriptive qualitative model from the interview results held online and face to face. The findings showed that online learning was effective to be implemented in current technologized era. Then, to make online learning running smoothly, there is a need of technology based tasks that could facilitate the online learning promotion by considering social, affective, cognitive, and psychomotor aspect. It is in accordance to technology based recitation model that could foster students’ behaviors to seek and manage their information and communication. Furthermore, it could foster responsibility and discipline of the learners.
Some Problems of Solar Quiescent Prominences in the Light of Ambartsumian’s Ideas
Authors: Nikoghossian A.
Published: April 2021

The report is a brief overview of our results in the theory of spectral line formation in atmospheres with complex fine structure. The research motivation was due to interpretation of the EUV spectrum of solar quiescent prominences observed with the SUMER spectrograph as a part of the SOHO space program. We describe the methods proposed for solving the line-radiation transfer problems in multicomponent atmospheres which use Ambartsumian's ideas proposed in the theory of radiation transfer and its applications. It is demonstrated that even the simplest static model radiating medium composed of physically different types of elements shows line profiles differing from those formed in the medium with preliminarily averaged properties. The more realistic and complicated case of a multicomponent atmosphere with randomly varying properties is considered with special attention paid to the effect of the velocity field. An important role of the relative mean square deviation of observed line intensities in the diagnostics of physical features of spatial and temporal variations of prominences is shown.
Introduction to the Issue
Authors: Brady Imelda , Mynard Jo , Mercer Sarah
Published: April 2021

There are six regular papers and a review in this volume, and we wish to extend our most sincere thanks to the authors for placing their work and trust in the hands of a very recent venture and one that we hope will flourish, grow in readership and provide a much needed spotlight for works in the field of psychology in language learning.
A Positive Psychology Perspective on Designing a Technology-mediated Learning Experience: Engagement and Personal Development
Authors:   University of Alabama, Drewelow Isabelle
Published: April 2021

This study takes a positive psychology approach to the integration of technology in the foreign language classroom. Specifically, it explores the benefits of using flow criteria (Czimmerman & Piniel, 2016; Egbert, 2003) to guide the design sequence of a technology-mediated project for a French for business course (advanced level). In the course of six weeks, twenty students progressed through several collaborative and individual tasks culminating in the co-construction and presentation of a website designed to introduce a new company and product. The analysis of their reflection essays, produced at the conclusion of the project, shows that clear objectives, interest, time to explore, sense of control, and being pushed out of their comfort zone to address various challenges they encountered led to a meaningful experience. Experiencing positive emotions in relation to achievement and creativity was transformative leading them to build confidence, resilience, language skills and strategies, and plan for their future learning path. The findings suggest that fruitful integration of technology should not be judged solely on its effect on linguistic development but also on its potential to generate positive emotions to support engagement in foreign language learning.
Book Review: Contemporary Language Motivation Theory – 60 Years Since Gardner and Lambert (1959) by Ali H. Al-Hoorie and Peter D. MacIntyre
Authors: Záborská Dorota
Published: April 2021

Whether it is a truism or a cliché, we stand on the shoulders of giants. Professor Robert Gardner is certainly one of them. The year 2019 marked 60 years since the publication of his seminal paper, Motivational Variables in Second Language Acquisition, written together with Wallace E. Lambert and published in the Canadian Journal of Psychology in 1959. The paper is widely acknowledged as the beginning of L2 motivation research, and to borrow Dörnyei’s words introducing this anthology, “[it] is not only important because it was a historical milestone and offered fertile ground in which subsequent research could grow, but also because it is still relevant” (Dörnyei, 2020, p. xxi). Having Dörnyei’s blessing, and with the caliber of contributors in this anthology, the relevance of Gardner’s legacy of research is without question. In this festschrift, editors Ali H. Al-Hoorie and Peter D. MacIntyre bring together twenty-six scholars in the fields of applied linguistics, social psychology, and sociology to honor the career and research contributions of Robert Gardner. Each contribution connects to, develops, and builds upon the ideas of Gardner and Lambert, and links them to current trends and developments related to contemporary language motivation research. Thus, this collection of papers will delight and catch the attention of a wide readership from graduate students to practitioners to established researchers alike.
Retorisk feltmetode. En produserende og refleksiv demokratisk praksis
Authors: Brinch Jørgensen Iben
Published: April 2021

Within the last decade, ethnographic fieldwork has become a prominent part of rhetorical scholarship. As a ­rhetorical method, it has grown out of ethographic methodo­logy and performance studies and has a clear critical bend. This paper argues that rhetorical fieldwork might distinguish itself more clearly from other ethnographic methodology in two basic respects: One is the grounding of the method in the rhetorician as a competent participant who puts her phronesis, i.e. her ­practical skill and sense of judgement as a rhetorician, to work in a particular field and situation. The other concerns the ­obligation of the rhetorician to investigate and develop rhetorical agency, on her own part as well as that of other participants, in the interest of developing and strengthening deliberative democracy. A case study serves to illustrate this epistemology and develop the methodology: The rhetorician becomes part of an aesthetic development project concerned with the visual identity and branding of an old industrial area in Larvik, ­Norway
Students Awareness of Green Consumer Behaviour and Sustainable Environment in Ghana: Using OpenBugs
Authors: Keelson Solomon Abekah , Johnson Joseph Ahinful
Published: April 2021

Green marketing has been widely studied because of its importance in marketing theory. The purpose of this green marketing study unlike previous ones was to examine student’s awareness of how their green consumer behaviour impact environmental sustainability. A total of three hundred and seventeen (317) tertiary students from the Technical Universities of Ghana were used as respondents in a simple random sampling approach, using the internet survey method. Using the OpenBUGS Bayesian statistical technique, the findings of the present study showed an average level of awareness of green products; students consider the potential environmental impact of their actions when making purchase decisions, and as their purchase habits are affected by their concern for the environment. Thus, students are able to distinguish between green product and non–green product. Again, they know the benefits of green products, and would prefer buying green product as first option. Moreover, they believe green buying behavior can contribute to saving the environment because the study showed a direct relationship between buying behavior and the environmental concerns. Finally, the ANOVA results revealed that male students’ response to green product is positive compared to their female counterparts, whose response to green product are negative. The study recommended that institutions could include in their marketing curricula subjects that train students on consumer knowledge, awareness, values, attitudes, expectations, perceptions and concerns for the environment.
Women and Legislative Representation in Nigeria’s National Assembly: A Detailed Appraisal of the 8th Assembly (2015-2019)
Authors: Dan-Azumi Jake Dabang , Asan Caroline
Published: April 2021

This study focuses on women legislative representation in Nigeria since the commencement of the Fourth Republic (1999 to 2020). It investigates the low levels of representation of women in the National Assembly and factors that explain this. Results from the study show that the majority of female respondents indicate active interest in politics but are discouraged by factors that include prevailing gender stereotypes, cultural/religious reasons, unfavourable political environment, lack of financial capacity, electoral violence and restrictive party structures and processes amongst others. The bulk of male respondents confirm these structural biases and barriers to women’s political participation. In view of these findings, some recommendations offered include implementation of deliberate policies and legislations that target women quotas and affirmative action, elimination of structural barriers to women's participation, reducing the cost of political participation for women, reforming the electoral process, and sustained and systematic gender education.
Agent entailments and the division of labor between functional structure and roots
Authors: Ausensi Josep , Yu Jianrong , Smith Ryan Walter
Published: April 2021

An influential proposal about the status of a verb’s agent argument maintains they are severed from the verb’s argument structure and introduced as external arguments via functional heads in the syntax (Kratzer 1996). Nonetheless, there are various conceptual and empirical arguments against this view (e.g., Dowty 1989; Wechsler 2005; Bale 2007; Müller & Wechsler 2014; Wechsler 2020). In this paper, we build on Bale’s (2007) arguments that transitivity plays a role in whether a verb’s external argument can be introduced outside the domain of the verb. Specifically, he argues based on sub-lexical modification with again that only eventive transitive verbs have their external arguments severed from the verb, and stative transitive and intransitive verbs do not. We present empirical evidence against this macro-classification, showing that particular classes of eventive transitive verbs, namely verbs of killing like murder, slay, slaughter, massacre, and assassinate in fact do not permit what Bale calls subjectless (agentless) presuppositions. Given an understanding of again’s presupposition being uniquely determined by the structural constituent it attaches to (Dowty 1979; von Stechow 1996; Beck & Johnson 2004; Bale 2007), this must mean that these verbs cannot have their external arguments severed, contra Bale’s generalization. Further we claim that intentionality entailments, which are often taken to be entailments of an Agent thematic role (Dowty 1991; Kratzer 1996), can in fact be dissociated from the syntactic introduction of the agent argument, and that certain verbs can lexically introduce them without directly introducing their agents. This is argued for by examining what we call manner of forced taking verbs like confiscate, snatch, and seize, which permit agentless presuppositions with again but still impose intentionality requirements on their subjects. We provide a compositional semantics for these two classes of verbs capturing these facts, and close with some speculations about the nature of intentionality entailments in regard to Rappaport Hovav & Levin’s (2010) MANNER/RESULT COMPLEMENTARITY.
Mapping of Flood Zones in Urban Areas through a Hydro-climatic Approach: the Case of the City of Abha
Authors: Ansar Allaoua , Naima Azaiez
Published: April 2021

Flooding is a natural phenomenon of the hydrological cycle, but it has become an urban concern in many cities around the world. Due to human intervention on the functioning of hydrosystems through infrastructure, the channelling of watercourses, the redirection of the flow and the inevitable extension of the urban landscape, floods have become a growing urban hazard. Several cities are currently facing very frequent flash floods. These floods are of various types and several factors are at the origin of their manifestation, which leaves its understanding and prevention for local stakeholders a long-term process that requires a colossal amount of work among several multidisciplinary researchers. Without denying the scientific consensus on the role of climate change, currently floods are largely caused by the senseless and irresponsible behaviour of humans. Among the cities in Saudi Arabia facing the risk of flooding is the city of Abha located in the southwest of the country, the focus of this research. It is subject to recurrent and devastating floods caused by several factors. Controversial topography, dissected orography, aggressive rainfall, accelerated and unregulated urban growth, and irresponsible human intervention are all factors that aggravate this problem. The resolution of this problem, or at least the minimization of its consequences, requires a rigorous and carefully studied approach. The appropriate knowledge by local stakeholders must be reinforced by a methodological and cartographic assessment of this phenomenon in order to mitigate its consequences. The main objective of this work is to make cartographic and methodological contributions to acquire additional knowledge on the flood hazard in the city of Abha through a statistical processing of rainfall data for the period 1978-2018, a mapping of the factors intervening on the runoff and its various behaviors and finally a synthetic analysis.
Amyloid Cystic Lung Disease Presenting in A Patient with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: El-Baba Firas , Banavasi Harsha , Soubani Ayman
Published: April 2021

A 30-year-old gentleman with a medical history of HIV, on HAART therapy and pulmonary amyloidosis proven by lung biopsy presented with progressive, worsening shortness of breath and chronic productive cough over the last year. Pulmonary function tests showed a severely obstructive process and CT scan of the thorax manifested diffusely thin-walled, air-filled cysts. After reviewing the patient’s prior histories, PFTs and CTof the thorax, the most likely cause of his symptoms was amyloid-related cystic lung disease. After being placed on a LABA/ICS, and LAMA inhaler, the man’s condition remained stable. Active oncologic and pulmonary surveillance were continued every three to six months as the patient’s respiratory status, PFTs and imaging remained stable. Thoughts of chemotherapy and lung transplant have been suggested, but not initiated at this time. Amyloid-related cystic lung disease is a rare presentation of amyloidosis in the thorax. It has been associated with collagen vascular diseases and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. After an extensive literature search, it does not appear that this condition has been referenced in an HIV-positive patient; thus making this report unique. More Case Reports will need to be published and reviewed to see whether an association with HIV and amyloid-associated cystic lung disease exists.
EBUS-TBNA in Children: The Road Less Travelled
Authors: Mittal Saurabh , Madan Karan , Mohan Anant
Published: April 2021

The ultrasonographic evaluation and sam-pling of mediastinal lesions by endobronchial ul-trasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) or endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is the standard of care for adult patients [...]
Implosion in the Challenger Deep: Echo Sounding with the Shock Wave
Authors: Loranger Scott , Barclay David , Buckingham Michael
Published: April 2021

Since HMS Challenger made the first sounding in the Mariana Trench in 1875, scientists and explorers have been seeking to establish the exact location and depth of the deepest part of the ocean. The scientific consensus is that the deepest depth is situated in the Challenger Deep, an abyss in the Mariana Trench with depths greater than 10,000 m. Since1952, when HMS Challenger II, following its namesake, returned to the Mariana Trench, 20 estimates (including the one from this study) of the depth of the Challenger Deep have been made. The location and depth estimates are as diverse as the methods used to obtain them; they range from early measurements with explosives and stop watches, to single- and multi-beam sonars, to submersibles, both crewed and remotely operated. In December 2014, we participated in an expedition to the Challenger Deep onboard Schmidt Ocean Institute’s R/V Falkor and deployed two free-falling, passive-acoustic instrument platforms, each with a glass-sphere pressure housing containing system electronics. At a nominal depth of 9,000 m, one of these housings imploded, creating a highly energetic shock wave that, as recorded by the other instrument, reflected multiple times from the sea surface and seafloor. From the arrival times of these multi-path pulses at the surviving instrument, in conjunction with a concurrent measurement of the sound speed profile in the water column, we obtained a highly constrained acoustic estimate of the Challenger Deep: 10,983 ± 6 m.
MOTIVAÇÕES E EXPECTATIVAS DE MULHERES EM SITUAÇÃO DE VIOLÊNCIA NO MOMENTO DA DENÚNCIA EM UMA DELEGACIA ESPECIALIZADA EM ATENDIMENTO À MULHER
Authors: Maffei Bruna , Marcos Cristiane Barros , Paludo Simone dos Santos
Published: April 2021

O estudo busca compreender os motivos que levam as mulheres em situação de violência a buscar ajuda em uma Delegacia de Polícia Especializada de Atendimento à Mulher (DEAM) e suas expectativas após a denúncia. A coleta de dados foi realizada durante o plantão psicológico na DEAM, em uma cidade no Sul do Brasil, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados de 24 acolhimentos a mulheres com idade entre 19 e 84 anos (M = 36,86; dp = 15,90) foram submetidos à análise qualitativa. O ex-companheiro foi o principal agressor; e a violência psicológica e física, os principais motivos para as mulheres procurarem a delegacia. Todas buscaram a polícia na expectativa de resolutividade do serviço jurídico, principalmente com medidas de segurança. O estudo evidencia a necessidade do fortalecimento da rede de atenção social, de saúde e de justiça, auxiliando na revelação da violência e no desenvolvimento de novas perspectivas futuras após o ocorrido.