bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Molecular Structure Optimization, and Cytotoxicity Assay of a Novel 2-Acetyl-3-amino-5-[(2-oxopropyl)sulfanyl]-4-cyanothiophene
Authors: Mabkhot Yahia , Aldawsari Fahad , Al-Showiman Salim , Barakat Assem , Soliman Saied , Choudhary Muhammad , Yousuf Sammer , Ben Hadda Taibi , Mubarak Mohammad
Published: February 2016

A novel thiophene-containing compound, 2-acetyl-3-amino-5-[(2-oxopropyl)sulfanyl]-4-cyanothiophene (4) was synthesized by reaction of malononitrile with CS2 in the presence of K2CO3 under reflux in DMF and the subsequent reaction with chloroacetone followed by cyclization. This compound has been characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry as well as elemental analysis. In addition, the molecular structures of compound 4 was determined by X-ray crystallography. The geometry of the molecule is stabilized by an intramolecular interaction between N1–H1···O1 to form S6 graf set ring motif. In the crystal, molecules are linked via N1–H2···O1 and C7–H7A···N2 interactions to form a three-dimensional network. Molecular structure and other spectroscopic properties of compound 4 were calculated using DFT B3LYP/6-31G (d,p) method. Results revealed a good agreement between the optimized geometric parameters and the observed X-ray structure. Furthermore, and by employing the natural bond orbital (NBO) method, the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) interactions along with natural atomic charges at different sites, were calculated; results indicated strong n→π* ICT from LP(1)N5→BD*(2)C15-C16 (63.23 kcal/mol). In addition, the stabilization energy E(2) of the LP(2)O3→ BD*(1)N5-H6 ICT (6.63 kcal/mol) indicated the presence of intramolecular N-H···OH bonding. Similarly, calculations of the electronic spectra of compound 4 using, TD-DFT revealed a good agreement with the experimental data. Finally, compound 4 was evaluated for its in vitro cytotoxic effect against PC-3 and HeLa cell lines, as an anticancer agent, and found to be nontoxic.
Asymtomatic Bacteriuria as a Model to Study the Coevolution of Hosts and Bacteria
Authors: Dobrindt Ulrich , Wullt Björn , Svanborg Catharina
Published: February 2016

During asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU), bacteria colonize the urinary tract for extended periods of time without causing symptoms of urinary tract infection. Previous studies indicate that many Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains that cause ABU have evolved from uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) by reductive evolution and loss of the ability to express functional virulence factors. For instance, the prototype ABU strain 83972 has a smaller genome than UPEC strains with deletions or point mutations in several virulence genes. To understand the mechanisms of bacterial adaptation and to find out whether the bacteria adapt in a host-specific manner, we compared the complete genome sequences of consecutive reisolates of ABU strain 83972 from different inoculated individuals and compared them with the genome of the parent strain. Reisolates from different hosts exhibited individual patterns of genomic alterations. Non-synonymous SNPs predominantly occurred in coding regions and often affected the amino acid sequence of proteins with global or pleiotropic regulatory function. These gene products are involved in different bacterial stress protection strategies, and metabolic and signaling pathways. Our data indicate that adaptation of E. coli 83972 to prolonged growth in the urinary tract involves responses to specific growth conditions and stresses present in the individual hosts. Accordingly, modulation of gene expression required for survival and growth under stress conditions seems to be most critical for long-term growth of E. coli 83972 in the urinary tract.
Tris(bipyridine)Metal(II)-Templated Assemblies of 3D Alkali-Ruthenium Oxalate Coordination Frameworks: Crystal Structures, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity in Water Reduction
Authors: Dikhtiarenko Alla , Villanueva-Delgado Pedro , Valiente Rafael , García José , Gimeno José
Published: February 2016

A series of 3D oxalate-bridged ruthenium-based coordination polymers with the formula of {[ZII(bpy)3][MIRu(C2O4)3]}n (ZII = Zn2+ (1), Cu2+ (3, 4), Ru2+ (5, 6), Os2+ (7, 8); MI = Li+, Na+; bpy = 2,2’-bipyridine) and {[ZnII(bpy)3](H2O)[LiRu(C2O4)3]}n (2) has been synthesized at room temperature through a self-assembly reaction in aqueous media and characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, infrared and diffuse reflectance UV–Vis spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The crystal structures of all compounds comprise chiral 3D honeycomb-like polymeric nets of the srs-type, which possess triangular anionic cages where [ZII(bpy)3]2+ cationic templates are selectively embedded. Structural analysis reveals that the electronic configuration of the cationic guests is affected by electrostatic interaction with the anionic framework. Moreover, the MLCT bands gaps values for 1–8 can be tuned in a rational way by judicious choice of [ZII(bpy)3]2+ guests. The 3D host-guest polymeric architectures can be used as self-supported heterogeneous photocatalysts for the reductive splitting of water, exhibiting photocatalytic activity for the evolution of H2 under UV light irradiation.
Design and Implementation of a Control System for a Sailboat Robot
Authors: Santos Davi , Silva Junior Andouglas , Negreiros Alvaro , Vilas Boas João , Alvarez Justo , Araujo Andre , Aroca Rafael , Gonçalves Luiz
Published: February 2016

This article discusses a control architecture for autonomous sailboat navigation and also presents a sailboat prototype built for experimental validation of the proposed architecture. The main goal is to allow long endurance autonomous missions, such as ocean monitoring. As the system propulsion relies on wind forces instead of motors, sailboat techniques are introduced and discussed, including the needed sensors, actuators and control laws. Mathematical modeling of the sailboat, as well as control strategies developed using PID and fuzzy controllers to control the sail and the rudder are also presented. Furthermore, we also present a study of the hardware architecture that enables the system overall performance to be increased. The sailboat movement can be planned through predetermined geographical way-points provided by a base station. Simulated and experimental results are presented to validate the control architecture, including tests performed on a lake. Underwater robotics can rely on such a platform by using it as a basis vessel, where autonomous charging of unmanned vehicles could be done or else as a relay surface base station for transmitting data.
Examining the Spectral Separability of Prosopis glandulosa from Co-Existent Species Using Field Spectral Measurement and Guided Regularized Random Forest
Authors: Mureriwa Nyasha , Adam Elhadi , Sahu Anshuman , Tesfamichael Solomon
Published: February 2016

The invasive taxa of Prosopis is rated the world’s top 100 unwanted species, and a lack of spatial data about the invasion dynamics has made the current control and monitoring methods unsuccessful. This study thus tests the use of in situ spectroscopy data with a newly-developed algorithm, guided regularized random forest (GRRF), to spectrally discriminate Prosopis from coexistent acacia species (Acacia karroo, Acacia mellifera and Ziziphus mucronata) in the arid environment of South Africa. Results show that GRRF was able to reduce the high dimensionality of the spectroscopy data and select key wavelengths (n = 11) for discriminating amongst the species. These wavelengths are located at 356.3 nm, 468.5 nm, 531.1 nm, 665.2 nm, 1262.3 nm, 1354.1 nm, 1361.7 nm, 1376.9 nm, 1407.1 nm, 1410.9 nm and 1414.6 nm. The use of these selected wavelengths increases the overall classification accuracy from 79.19% and a Kappa value of 0.7201 when using all wavelengths to 88.59% and a Kappa of 0.8524 when the selected wavelengths were used. Based on our relatively high accuracies and ease of use, it is worth considering the GRRF method for reducing the high dimensionality of spectroscopy data. However, this assertion should receive considerable additional testing and comparison before it is accepted as a substitute for reliable high dimensionality reduction.
Biochar Based Microbial Fuel Cell for Enhanced Wastewater Treatment and Nutrient Recovery
Authors: Huggins Tyler , Latorre Albert , Biffinger Justin , Ren Zhiyong
Published: February 2016

Waste-wood derived biochar was evaluated for the first time as both an anode and cathode material, simultaneously, in an overflow style microbial fuel cell (MFC) using actual industrial wastewater. Results show that the average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was 95% with a reduction rate of 0.53 kg·COD·m−1·d−1 in closed operation mode. The ammonia and phosphorous reductions from wastewater was 73% and 88%, respectively. Stable power production was observed with a peak power density measured at 6 W/m3. Preliminary contributions of physical, biological, and electrochemical COD removals were evaluated, and the results show such combined mechanisms give BC an advantage for MFC applications. Nutrient recovery data showed high levels of macronutrients adsorbed onto the spent biochar electrodes, and phosphorus concentration increased from 0.16 g·kg−1 in raw BC to up to 1.9 g·kg−1 in the cathode. These findings highlight the use of biochar as electrodes in MFCs to facilitate simultaneous wastewater treatment and power production with additional agronomic benefits.
Lolitrem B and Indole Diterpene Alkaloids Produced by Endophytic Fungi of the Genus Epichloë and Their Toxic Effects in Livestock
Authors: Philippe Guerre
Published: February 2016

Different group of alkaloids are produced during the symbiotic development of fungal endophytes of the genus Epichloë in grass. The structure and toxicity of the compounds vary considerably in mammalian herbivores and in crop pests. Alkaloids of the indole-diterpene group, of which lolitrem B is the most toxic, were first characterized in endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass, and are responsible for “ryegrass staggers.” Ergot alkaloids, of which ergovaline is the most abundant ergopeptide alkaloid produced, are also found in ryegrass, but generally at a lower rate than lolitrem B. Other alkaloids such as lolines and peramine are toxic for crop pests but have weak toxicological properties in mammals. The purpose of this review is to present indole-diterpene alkaloids produced in endophyte infected ryegrass from the first characterization of ryegrass staggers to the determination of the toxicokinetics of lolitrem B and of their mechanism of action in mammals, focusing on the different factors that could explain the worldwide distribution of the disease. Other indole diterpene alkaloids than lolitrem B that can be found in Epichloë infected ryegrass, and their tremorgenic properties, are presented in the last section of this review.
A prática da esgrima japonesa e sua relação com a saúde e a qualidade de vida
Authors: Sonati Jaqueline Girnos , Maciel Erika Da Silva , Modeneze Denis Marcelo , Gomes Grace Angélica De Oliveira , Quaresma Fernando Rodrigues Peixoto , Martino Milva Maria Figueiredo de , Vilarta Roberto
Published: February 2016

OBJETIVO: Relacionar a saúde com a qualidade de vida de jovens adultos praticantes de esgrima japonesa.

MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 15 praticantes da modalidade de Kendo, o Kenjutsu, da cidade de São Paulo, e estudadas as variáveis socioeconômicas, antropométricas, de composição corporal, bioquímicas e de qualidade de vida. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada a estatística descritiva e a correlação de Spearman.

RESULTADOS: A idade média dos participantes foi de 27,73 (± 7,4 DP) anos, a maioria do sexo masculino (80,0%). O percentual de gordura corporal apresentou forte associação positiva com o perímetro abdominal (r=0,740) e associação negativa com a qualidade de vida geral (r = -0,539). O domínio físico apresentou forte associação com o domínio psicológico (r = 0,713), relações sociais (r =0,574) e meio ambiente (r = 0,5715).

CONCLUSÕES: A prática contribui positivamente para a qualidade de vida e para a saúde desses jovens.
Comparação da percepção da qualidade de vida entre idosos ativos e iniciantes no método Pilates
Authors: Nascimento Marcelo De Maio , Carvalho Emília Cristina Ferreira de
Published: February 2016

OBJETIVO: Analisar a variação dos níveis da qualidade de vida (QV) de dois grupos de idosos, ativo e iniciantes, antes e após a participação em um programa de exercícios fundamentado no método Pilates.

MÉTODO: Estudo do tipo quase experimental, com pré e pós-teste, com amostra de conveniência. Foram investigadas 40 idosas (60-69 anos), divididas em grupo Pilates (n=19), integrantes de um programa de extensão universitária e grupo Iniciante (n=21), idosas admitidas na modalidade Pilates, do mesmo programa. A intervenção realizada com ambos os grupos compreendeu: 11 exercícios do método Pilates, ao longo de 12 semanas, com duas seções semanais de 50 minutos. Três instrumentos foram utilizados: o questionário sociodemográfico, o Mini-exame do Estado Mental (MEEM) e o The Medical Outcomes Study 36 – Item Short Form Health Survey - Short Form-36 (SF-36). A homogeneidade dos dados foi verificada com o Teste de Shapiro-Wilk, aplicando-se o Teste de Wilcoxon para averiguar a significância dos resultados do pré e pós-teste do SF-36. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5% (p≤0,05).

RESULTADOS: Os valores das médias dos domínios do SF-36 para ambos os grupos atingiram níveis entre bom e excelente do teste para o reteste. Um importante resultado é que idosos ativos, quando deixam de praticar o exercício físico, passam a perceber domínios da QV em níveis próximos ou inferiores aos percebidos por idosos iniciantes.

CONCLUSÂO: A prática do método Pilates mostra-se eficaz à promoção da saúde física e mental de cidadãos idosos.
Etanercept Increases Bone Mineral Density in Ankylosing Spondylitis, but Does Not Prevent Vertebral Fractures: Results of a Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: van der Weijden Maria A.C. , van Denderen J. Christiaan , Lems Willem F. , Nurmohamed Michael T. , Dijkmans Ben A.C. , van der Horst-Bruinsma Irene E.
Published: February 2016

Objective.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is characterized by chronic inflammation leading to ankylosis, but also to low bone mineral density (BMD) and vertebral fractures (VFx). Treatment with tumor necrosis factor-α blockers decreases inflammation and has shown to be effective in increasing BMD. We studied the effects of etanercept (ETN) on BMD and VFx in patients with AS after 2 years of treatment. Further, we studied changes in bone turnover markers and radiological damage.

Methods.

Patients with active AS, treated with ETN for 2 years, were included. BMD lumbar spine and hip were measured at baseline and after 2 years, as well as radiological damage (modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score with the addition of the thoracic spine), VFx (Genant method), and change in bone turnover markers.

Results.

Forty-nine patients with AS were included. After 2 years of ETN, hip BMD increased by 2.2% (p = 0.014) and lumbar spine BMD by 7.0% (p < 0.001). The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index decreased significantly (p < 0.001), as well as C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p < 0.001). Despite ETN therapy, the number of patients with VFx more than doubled (from 6 to 15 patients, p = 0.003). Also, the radiological damage increased significantly over time (from 12.1 to 18.5, p < 0.001); however, no significant change in bone turnover markers was found.

Conclusion.

This prospective longitudinal observational cohort study showed that after 2 years of ETN, BMD of the hip and spine increased significantly, but the number of patients with VFx and the severity of VFx increased as well. Besides that, radiological progression, including the thoracic spine, increased significantly. Thus, the favorable bone-preserving effect is accompanied by unfavorable outcomes on VFx and radiological damage.
The Influence of Age and Central Foveal Thickness on Foveal Zone Size in Healthy People
Authors: Gong Di , Zou Xuan , Zhang Xiao , Yu Weihong , Qu Yi , Dong Fangtian
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To investigate the influence of age and central foveal thickness (CFT) on the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) size in healthy people using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A cross-section study. One hundred thirty-two healthy subjects (224 eyes) were included. All participants underwent examination with OCTA. CFT and FAZ size, including vertical radius (VR), horizontal radius (HR), and area, were measured.

RESULTS:

Linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between age and FAZ size. The HR, VR, and area had an increase of 0.001 mm (
P
= .002), 0.001 mm (
P
= .001), and 0.001 mm
2
(
P
= .000) each year, respectively. There was a negative correlation between CFT and FAZ size. When the CFT increased per 1 µm, the HR, VR, and area decreased by 0.002 mm (
P
= .000), 0.001 mm (
P
= .000), and 0.003 mm
2
(
P
= .000), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:

FAZ size increases with age and decreases with CFT. OCTA is a novel method to study the FAZ in healthy people.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Imaging Lasers Retina
. 2016;47:142–148.]
Post-Marketing Survey of Adverse Events Following Ocriplasmin
Authors: Shah Sumit P. , Jeng-Miller Karen W. , Fine Howard F. , Wheatley H. Matthew , Roth Daniel B. , Prenner Jonathan L.
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

To study the post-marketing safety profile of ocriplasmin (Jetrea; ThromboGenics, Iselin, NJ) as experienced by retinal physicians in the United States.

STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Two thousand four hundred sixty-five retinal physicians were surveyed regarding their frequency of use of ocriplasmin and reports of ocular adverse events.

RESULTS:

There were 270 respondents (11%) who reported treating 1,056 eyes with ocriplasmin. The reports of adverse events (AE) were as follows: acute decline in visual acuity (16.95%), development of submacular fluid or serous retinal detachment (10.23%), dyschromatopsia (9.09%), progression of vitreomacular traction to macular hole (8.71%), development of retinal detachment (2.65%), development of retinal tear (1.99%), development of afferent pupillary defect (1.80%), electroretinography abnormalities (0.57%), crystalline lens instability (0.38%), and vasculitis (0.28%).

CONCLUSION:

Although the frequency of some ocular AEs reported in this study are comparable to those reported in the phase 3 registration trials, additional phase 4 safety studies are warranted to better understand the pathophysiology and clinical relevance of ocular AEs of ocriplasmin.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Imaging Lasers Retina
. 2016;47:156–160.]
En Face Optical Coherence Tomography and Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Imaging of Taxane-Associated Cystoid Macular Edema
Authors: Sridhar Jayanth , Shahlaee Abtin , Ehmann David , Samara Wasim A. , Rahimy Ehsan , Ho Allen C. , Chiang Allen
Published: February 2016

The taxanes are chemotherapeutic agents that may, in rare cases, cause cystoid macular edema without leakage on fluorescein angiography. Two patients with evidence of taxane-related macular edema presented and were evaluated using novel en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) imaging modalities. Although OCTA revealed no flow abnormalities in either patient, en face OCT revealed a striking bilateral symmetric cystic tessellation pattern.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:176–179.]
White Sturgeon Spawning in the San Joaquin River, California, and Effects of Water Management
Authors: Jackson Zachary J. , Gruber Joshua J. , Van Eenennaam Joel P.
Published: February 2016

Inadequate recruitment is a hallmark of declining sturgeon populations throughout the world. Efforts to understand and address the processes that regulate recruitment are of foremost importance for successful management and recovery. Fish biologists previously only knew San Francisco Estuary white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) to spawn in the Sacramento River, California. We assessed potential white sturgeon spawning locations by deploying artificial substrate samplers during late winter and spring of 2011 and 2012 from river kilometers 115.2 to 145.3 of the San Joaquin River. Collections of fertilized eggs, coupled with hydrology data, confirm that white sturgeon spawned within one and four sites in the San Joaquin River during wet (2011; n = 23) and dry (2012; n = 65) water-year conditions. Small pulse flow augmentations intended to benefit juvenile salmonids appear to have triggered white sturgeon spawning within this system. Understanding the effects of water management on spawning and subsequent recruitment is necessary to increase white sturgeon recruitment to the San Francisco Estuary.
MÉTODO DE ANÁLISE HIERÁRQUICA APLICADO NO PLANEJAMENTO DE CONSTRUÇÕES EM SHOPPING CENTERS
Authors: Oliveira Victor Hugo Mazon , Martins Carlos Humberto
Published: February 2016

A atual configuração do urbano brasileiro, seguindo as tendências dos grandes centros urbanos mundiais tem sofrido consideráveis modificações. Dentre elas destaca-se a significativa incorporação dos Shoppings Centers (S.C.) à estrutura das cidades. No sentido dessas alterações, este estudo objetiva avaliar as influências das interferências que a estrutura urbana das cidades causa sobre os processos inerentes à execução de construções no interior das áreas de vendas desses Shoppings Centers. Nesse contexto, adotou-se como ferramenta multicritério para tomada de decisões o método AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) como instrumento metodológico. A fim de exemplificar a aplicação da ferramenta, o trabalho propôs sua aplicação em um estudo de caso. O universo de estudo contempla um Shopping que denominamos Shopping Center 01, localizado na zona norte do município do Rio de Janeiro/RJ. Cabe observar que a opção por essa localização foi com o objetivo de buscar uma área densamente populosa com interferências significativas para que o estudo pudesse avaliar um cenário sabidamente complexo. Os resultados revelam que o método foi capaz de simular, baseado nas condições de contorno atribuídas para o Shopping do estudo, quais interferências são preponderantes dentre as contidas na estrutura hierárquica elaborada, o nível, em termos percentuais comparativos, de interfências existentes e conformando assim, um conjunto de dados relevantes no planejamento e gestão da execução das construções nos Shoppings.
SEMICONDUCTORS OF CRYSTALLIN ALLOYS IN SUPERLATTICES
Authors: Nascimento Luciano Nascimento , Jamshidi Lourdes Cristina Lucena Agostinho , Barbosa Celmy Maria B. de Menezes , Rodbari Reza Jamshidi
Published: February 2016

This work analyzes, from the effects related to the processes of transportation of carrier and the changes in the electronic structure of semiconductors materials due to the presence of defects and disorders in the crystalline net. These defects are located in specific areas of the material and either interact or remain inert. In general, they are described by local wave functions. The study of superlattices of semiconductor crystal considers important parameters such as disorder effects in crystals and the alternate periodic growth of the layer of two semiconductors with different gaps and minigaps energies. The quantum mechanical calculations are applied for determining the physical properties of the semiconductors crystals. This study encompasses the effects of defects and the crystalline disorders evaluation by quantum mechanics. Further, it is discuss the presence of defects in the periodic, quasiperiodic and disordered arrangements. The theoretical approach use to understand the mechanism and the results of experimental techniques in which are characterized the current and optic transportation of a semiconductor crystal.
Microstructure, Densification and Mechanical Properties of TiB2-TiC-NiAl Ceramic-Based Composite
Authors: Wang Wei Guo , Zhang Lei , Zhang Xiao Liang
Published: February 2016

By adjusting mass fraction of Ni-Al composite additive in Ti-B4C primary system, a series of TiB2-based ceramic composites were prepared by combustion synthesis in high gravity field. Because the adiabatic temperature of the whole reaction system maintained a constant in the presence of mass fraction of Ni-Al additive smaller than 18.55%, increasing mass fraction of Ni-Al additive to be 15% brought about the improved homogeneity in refined microstructure of the enhanced-densification TiB2-based composite, so flexural strength and fracture toughness of the ceramic composite increased simultaneously due to the enhanced self-toughening mechanisms contributed by a number of fine TiB2 platelets.
Backscattered Electron Imaging and Image Analysis Technology for Determining the Fly Ash Content in Hardened Cement Mortar
Authors: Li Yue , Dong Wan Guo , Yang Jin Bo , Guo Wei
Published: February 2016

Determining the content of fly ash (FA) in hardened cement concrete is very difficult at present. In this paper, samples were prepared with water/binder ratio (0.4), different FA/binder ratios and different curing ages, the backscattered electron imaging and image analysis technology are used to study the dosage of FA in the hardened cement mortar. The results show that the backscattered electron imaging and image analysis technology can comparable accurately test the dosage of FA in hardened cement mortar; this method doesn't need to know the chemical composition of raw materials or prepare the standard reference samples.
Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of La, Ce and Nonmetal N Co-Doped TiO2
Authors: Yi San Ti , Zhao Si Qin
Published: February 2016

TiO2, 1%La/TiO2, 1%Ce/TiO2 and a series of Laand Ce co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared by sol-gel method. Using sol-gel method combine with hydrothermal method prepared rare earth La, Ce and nitrogen co-doped TiO2 photocatalysts. The microstructure, spectroscopy performance and ion doped form of prepared samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy techniques and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic activity of doped TiO2 were examined by measuring the photodegradation of methyl orange. The results showed that the products were all anatase TiO2 nano powder, doping Laor Cehinder the growth of TiO2 particle, further more, doping Laand Cetogether hinder the growth of TiO2 particle more effective, doping N broaden the light response range of TiO2 photocatalyst. At the same time, the photocatalytic activity results indicated that the prepared samples showed superior UV light photocatalytic activity, the sample 1% (La:Ce,9:1)-N/TiO2 showed the highest UV-vis photocatalytic activity.
Preparation and Performance of Mesoporous TiO2 Photocatalyst with P123 as Template
Authors: Wang Chao , Zhao Si Qin , Asuha S.
Published: February 2016

In this paper, a series of mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst were prepared by hydrothermal method using block copolymer P123 as template and Ti (OBu)4 as titanium source. The microstructure and spectroscopy performance of the prepared TiO2 were characterized by means of XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, and BJH analysis, and the photocatalytic activity of mesoporous TiO2 were examined by measuring the photodegradation of methyl orange , then discussed the best prepared conditions of mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst. The results showed that the products were all anatase mesoporous TiO2 nanopowder, the average particle size is about 7nm and all have the Langmuir type IV pore structure. The best prepared condition: hydrothermal temperature is 160°C, hydrothermal time is 24h, mesoporous TiO2 photocatalyst has the BET surface area of 146m2/g , it’s photocatalytic degradation rate is 97.07% in an hour.
The Mechanism of Controlling Pore Microstructure for YAG Porous Ceramics
Authors: Xu Ming Han , Song Jie Guang , Du Da Ming , Wang Fang , Li Yang Liang , Ji Gang Chang , Chen Fei
Published: February 2016

YAG is an important advanced structural and functional material. The mechanism of controlling pore microstructure of YAG porous ceramics were investigated in this paper. Through the porosity and SEM result analyzing, the conclusions are shown as follows, the porosity and the pore size of YAG porous ceramics are decreased with increasing the sintering temperature, the pores of YAG porous ceramics show a regular and well-distributed structure as lower sintering temperature, the porosity of YAG porous ceramics is increased with increasing the foaming agent content, but the increasing tendency is few after adding content more 15wt%, when the foaming agent content is less than 15wt%, the big pore is more and the pore microstructure is better. So the sintering temperature at 1500°C for 1 hour and the foaming agent content for 15wt% are better controlling conditions for obtaining better porosity and pore microstructure.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Mechanoluminescence Material NaAlSiO4:Eu2+, Ln3+
Authors: Zhao Hai Feng , Wang Xu Sheng , Feng Xiao Min , Yao Xi
Published: February 2016

Mechanoluminescence (ML) material is a novel functional material, showing a great potential on stress distribution of buildings, machine parts and other solid components. Novel ML materials NaAlSiO4:Eu2+,Ln3+(Ln=Ho, Nd, Dy) were prepared by a solid-state sintered method, And their microstructure, ML and PL properties were investigated. ML spectra were similar to the PL spectra with an emission band at 550nm, originating from transition 5d-4f of Eu2+, and other three emission peaks at 611 nm, 590nm and 578 nm, respectively ascribed to the transitions of 5D0 →7F2, 5D0 →7F1 and 5D0 →7F0 of Eu3+ ions. Thermoluminescence (ThL) was measured to characterize traps in NaAlSiO4:Eu2+,Ln3+(Ln=Ho, Nd, Dy). Diversity of ThL curves demonstrated co-doped Ln3+ change trap levels in NaAlSiO4:Eu2+.
Silica Encapsulation of SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ Phosphors by Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Wang Huan , Liang Xiao Ping , Liu Kai , Zhou Qian Qian , Wang Jun , Chen Peng , He Ben Qiao , Li Jian Xin
Published: February 2016

SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphors were synthesized under different temperature by high temperature solid phase method. Encapsulation modification of SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ by using SiO2glycol were made over chemically unstable against water. Photoluminescence measurement result shows that when the sintering temperature is 1300 °C, the initial afterglow brightness of SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ is up to the highest, 12101 mcd/m2. FTIR results showed that new IR peaks at 1085 cm−1 due to the vibration of Si-O-Si and at 931cm−1 due to the vibration of Si-O-Al appeared after silica encapsulation. This verified that the silica encapsulation is not only a physical absorption process but also involving chemical bonding process. Both phosphors before and after encapsulation have same emission peak at 510 nm. A dense layer of silica formed on phosphor surface has the highest water-resistance after being encapsulated for 2h under the condition of pH 4 and encapsulation amount 10:1. The pH value of aqueous solution contained phosphor was steadily 8, and the initial afterglow brightness decreased only by 9%, that is, from 12101 to 11011 mcd/m2.
Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Functionalized Graphene Oxide/ZnO Composites
Authors: Ding Fang Fang , Zhang Na , Zhang Cheng
Published: February 2016

ZnO quantum dots (QDs) are anchored on graphene oxide (GO) by a wet chemical self-assembling technique. Firstly, GO are functionalized with thiol (f-GO) by a series of chemical reactions and the ZnO alcogel are prepared by a sol–gel process. Secondly, the f-GO/ZnO composite is obtained by a self-assembling technique. Typically, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDS spectrum are employed to characterize the structure, morphology and composition of the obtained samples, moreover, the electrochemical performance of the as-prepared electrode is also detected by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge experiments. It is found that the f-GO/ZnO-1 possesses the highest specific values of 149.4F/g and good long-term cycle stability. The results show that the f-GO/ZnO nanocomposite could be used as electrode material for high performance supercapacitors.
Design and Application of Testing Equipment for Determining the Mechanical Properties of Ceramics at Ultrahigh Temperatures
Authors: Wan De Tian , Bao Yi Wang , Tian Yuan , Liu Zhao , Qiu Yan
Published: February 2016

The elastic modulus and fracture strength at ultrahigh temperatures over 1500°C is very important for Ultrahigh temperature ceramics (UHTCs), but no available method can be used so far because of the limitation of the testing equipments. In this work, a novel testing equipment was developed to determine the elastic modulus and fracture strength (bending, tensile and shear strength) of ceramics from 1500 °C to 2200 °C. To check the availability and reliability of this equipment, several typical UHTCs including C, C/C fiber woven composite and C/SiC ceramic composite, were used as the testing samples. The results indicate that this new designed testing equipment is a good and feasible for evaluating the ultrahigh temperature mechanical properties of ceramics over 1500 °C in vacuum or in air.
Research Progresses of Vacuum Glazing and BIPV
Authors: Zhou Jian , Wang Na , Xie Da Chuan
Published: February 2016

Insulating glass is the main function material of the building curtain wall and building windows and doors, which plays a significant role in the energy-saving function more than 50% of the whole building. In recent years, the thermal insulating property and sound insulating property of insulating glass improves greatly with the combination of vacuum glazing. With the combination of PV (photovoltaic) glass, insulating glass has structural-function integration characteristics. Vacuum glazing and BIPV are two important types of insulating glass which are developing rapidly. In this paper, research developments and test experience of vacuum glazing and BIPV were summarized. Through analyzing the energy-saving test data of vacuum glazing and BIPV, the energy-saving influencing factors were given.
Durability of Photovoltaic Laminated Glass Modules Affected by Temperature-Humidity Cycles
Authors: Wang Xiu Fang , Bao Yi Wang , Qiu Yan , Liu Xiao Gen
Published: February 2016

Temperature and humidity cycles test of photovoltaic glass modules are carried out by different cycling time. The change of transmittance, interface and strength of photovoltaic glass modules are compared by different experiment time. With the increasing of temperature humidity cycle time of photovoltaic glass modules, the light transmittance of influence is more serious, and stress strength of the longest cycle is weakened 32.84% than one cycle. Therefore, the influence of photovoltaic glass modules under different temperatures and humidity conditions is more serious. So it is very necessary to study durability and safety under temperature and humidity cycles of photovoltaic glass, related to power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic glass modules.
Compressive Creep Behavior of Low Porosity Fireclay Bricks (LPFBs) for Glass Furnace Regenerator
Authors: Li Kun Ming , Pan Chuan Cai , Xie Jin Li , Li Chun Yan , Li Li Ping , Xue Fei , Lin Guo Wei , Zhang Lin Lin
Published: February 2016

LPFBs are mainly applied in the lower party of glass furnace regenerator as checker works or walls. They are subjected to the loads of upper refractory materials at high temperature. So the creep behavior of them should be considered to predict the longevity of the regenerator. Two kinds of LPFBs were chosen as the test samples. It is shown that the creep rates of them under different stresses (0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, and 0.3MPa) and different temperatures (1200°C and 1280°C) are within 0.2%. LPFB1 with lower apparent porosity is more sensitive to temperature. LPFB2 is more sensitive to stress. The relationship between the creep and other mechanical properties is: the higher the Al2O3 content, the higher the bulk density, the lower the apparent porosity, and the higher the refractoriness under load of LPFB, the lower the total strain range of it. A model combined with phase diagram was built to analyze the microstructures and the creep curves with different shapes of the two LPFBs.
Ultrasonic Prediction of 28-Day Compressive Strength of Crumb Rubber Concrete during early Age
Authors: Zhu Wen Xian
Published: February 2016

Considering environmental protection, the application of waste tire is getting thorough and extensive. Basing on the previous research results, the variation principle of ultrasonic velocity and attenuation in concrete with age, the author carries out the application research on predicting 28-daycompressive strength of crumb rubber concrete during early age. Through the regression analysis between the 2-7days ultrasonic parameters (velocity v and/or attenuation A) and the 28-day compressive strength of crumb rubber concrete, it is found that the correlative coefficient is greater than 0.90 and the relative square deviation is less than 15%. So it is practically reasonable to predict 28-day compressive strength of crumb rubber concrete by pre-established regression curves.
Acid Attack Resistance of Magnesium Phosphate Cement
Authors: Ding Zhu , Dai Meng Xi , Lu Can , Zhang Ming Jie , Cui Peng
Published: February 2016

Magnesium phosphate cements (MPC) had been used as repair materials for deteriorated Portland cement concrete structures. In this paper a new MPC was prepared and the basic properties including workability and compressive strength were tested. The acid attack resistance of MPC was investigated by immersing the MPC mortars in solutions at pH 3, 5, and 7, for 14d, 28d and 60d respectively. The compressive strength of MPC mortars after acid attack was tested and the microstructure of MPC were examined. The results showed that the compressive strength of MPC decreased after immersion in acid solution for 14d and 28d, however the strength of MPC with suitable materials mixture can recovered again after 60d immersion. The results indicated MPC has high acid attack resistance in static acid solution. The behavior of MPC in flowing acid solutions is need to be studied further.
The Effect of Sample Storage and Inspection Equipment on the Rheological Property of Oil Well Cement
Authors: Wang Xu Fang , Yan Xiao Bo , Hao Jin Xiu , Wang Chan Gan
Published: February 2016

In this research, the influencing factors of oil well cement on the rheological property were experimentally studied. Based on the experiments and surveys of other class G oil well cement plants, the main influencing factors in the routine inspection were sample storage and processing condition and inspection equipment accuracy. The experimental results illustrate that sample storage and processing condition had a highly effect on the rheological property of drilling cement slurry. In addition, temperature positive deviation increased the rate of cement hydration by causing more rapid nucleation of hydration products, leading to earlier thickening time; conversely, minus deviation delayed cement nucleation, causing later thickening time. Compared with temperature deviation, the effect of pressure deviation was not obvious.
Chloride Ion Erosion in Concrete under Sustained Axial Pressure
Authors: Yang Zong Ming , Li Wei Hong , Wang Yi Han
Published: February 2016

As one of the leading causes of influencing the durability of concrete structure, reinforcement corrosion has been a central issue. Erosion of chloride ions on the concrete structure is influenced by many factors. This is not only concerned with its own structural properties, but also to its environment, to withstand the load and other factors. This article has carried on an experiment which researches on the rules of chloride ion penetration in the sustained axial compression after different corrosive time, when the concrete is corroded under the joint action of axial compression load and chlorine salt circulation. The results prove that, with the increase of Intensity of load and the cycle time of chlorine salt, the number of Chloride ion ingress in concrete continues to increase. The experimental results may provide a reference to the durability design of concrete in chloride environment.
Hydration Properties and Sulfate Attack of Composite Cement Mixed with High Titanium Slag
Authors: Zhang Zhen Ming , Li Dong Xu
Published: February 2016

This paper was analyzed the hydration properties of cement mixed with different amounts of high titanium slag, focuses on the hydration products, and sulfate attack. By the way of single-doped and composite-doped, it was studied the sulfate attack in the cases of different proportions of the cement, cured in sodium sulfate solution, and compared with curing conditions of water. The results show that high titanium slag will not adversely affect the types of hydration products in cement; the degressive peak value of C-H in hydration products changes with the increased amount of high titanium slag mixed, which would weaken the attack by sodium sulfate solutions are presented in this paper; the way of compositely mixing a certain amount of other admixtures (furnace slag, fly ash and limestone) not only does not reduce the mechanical properties of cement, but also improves its performance on sulfate attack, according to the intensity changes of cement, the decrease of total porosity, and the changing of pore structure.
Semiquantitative Test Method for Degradation Ratio of Vacuum Degree of Vacuum Glazing by Photoelastic Method
Authors: Liu Xiao Gen , Xu Hai Feng , Wang Zhan Jing , Bao Yi Wang
Published: February 2016

Vacuum failure will lead to insulation function failure and increasing huge potential security problems for vacuum glazing, it is necessary to inspect the vacuum degree value of the vacuum glazing in service. In this work, the relationship between the bearing behavior and vacuum degree value of the vacuum glazing was studied by experiment, the experiment results show that the bearing behavior of vacuum glazing showed a greater than 50% reduction after the vacuum degree lose completely in vacuum cavity of the vacuum glazing. One test technique for degradation ratio of vacuum degree of vacuum glazing by photoelastic method was developed in this study. Through linear proportional relationship between support stress spot size and degradation ratio of vacuum degree observed via photoelastic method, vacuum degree completely disappear and stress spot size is 0. So, the ratio R(less than or equal to 1) represent the relative differential pressure between the support stress spot size tested in-situ and the support stress spot size measured in vacuum degree intact environment. The degradation ratio of vacuum degree is (1-R) %. Obtaining qualitative or semi-quantitative assessment of vacuum degree degradation ratio of vacuum glazing through observe support stress spot size with photoelastic apparatus.
Influence of Calcium Sulfate Varieties on Properties of Calcium Aluminate Cement-Based Self-Leveling Mortars
Authors: Dai Hao , Zhang Shu Peng , Ju Cheng Lan , Li Dong Xu
Published: February 2016

The effect of calcium sulfates varieties on the properties of calcium aluminate cement-based self-leveling mortar have been investigated, and the hydration kinetics, hydrated products and microstructures are characterized by isothermal calorimeter, X-ray diffraction and mercury intrusion porosimetry, respectively. The results show that the technological properties of mortars are significantly affected by calcium sulfate varieties and content. The setting times are shortened drastically with the addition of calcium sulfates. Mortars with hemihydrate show higher early strength and less drying shrinkage. In contrast, using anhydrite in mortars cause lower strength and higher drying shrinkage at early age but larger growth of strength in the late. The increasing calcium sulfates content may result in the delay of main hydration peak in the heat evolution curve. For formulation with hemihydrate, the appearance of main hydration peaks are advanced compared with formulation without addition of calcium sulfates. Moreover, mortar microstructures are optimized by addition of β-hemihydrate, the proportion of large pores are lower than that of mortars with anhydrite.
Spectra Analysis of some Europium(III)/Terbium(III) Complexes
Authors: Yang Wei , Li Qiang , Zhang Yan Yan , Jiang Dan Yu , Xia Jin Feng
Published: February 2016

a series of Eu(III)/Tb(III) complexes with а-thenoyl trifluoroacetone (HTTA), 8-hydroxy quinoline complexes were synthesized. The UV and fluorescence spectra of these complexes at room temperature were characterized. The results revealed that different energy transfer between rare earth ions and ligands.Keywords rare earth complexes, ultraviolet spectra, fluorescence spectra
Durability of Fracture-Filled Emeralds with a New Artificial Filler ExCel
Authors: Chen Xiao Lei , Chen Hua , Lu Tai Jin , He Ming Yue
Published: February 2016

Emerald is the green to greenish blue variety of beryl, which contains chromophore chrome and vanadium. Emeralds of all deposits have fissures, so most have been filled to avoid fragmentation during cutting. Stability is an important factor to filling emeralds. Recently, a new filler ExCel occurred, which is considered stable and removable, however, its durability is lack of scientific basis and testing. This study used magnification, fluorescence technology, FTIR and UV-Vis spectroscopy to investigate the durability of ExCel-filled emeralds. Emeralds filled with ExCel are relatively stable under conditions of daily wear in general, but durability decreased in hydrochloric acid, acetone or under heating to over 200°C. Fractures were more evident in side of emerald after hydrochloric acid immersion. After soaking in acetone fissures increased and deepened significantly. After heating to 250°C, brown material leaked from fissures of ExCel-filled emeralds, analyzed to be bisphenol A epoxy resin, curing agent and imine diluent components. The study has indicative significance for suitable conditions of ExCel-filled emerald wearing and preservation.
Patent Map Analysis of Measurement Technology
Authors: Huang Peng Fei , Wei Chen Guang , Pan Rui Na
Published: February 2016

According to World Intellectual Property Indicators 2014, growth rate of measurement technique was the leader of the top five fields of technology. Professional tool-ISI Web of Knowledge System Derwent World Patents Index database (DWPI) was used to acquire and study patent data. Thomson's patent analyses software TDA was used in measurement technology patents map analysis, paying attention to the technical focus and hot spots. In this paper, searching patent status of measurement from 2010 to 2014 by using professional tool DWPI and TDA, hot spots of patent application in measurement field were found. Considering multi parameters, such as patent application year, patent application country/region and measurement subdivisions, the development trends and hot spots of world patents of measurement analyzed, several proposals were put forward to improve the quality of China measurement patents.
Study on the Methods for Measuring Closed Cell Content of Cellular Glass and its Thermal Insulation Performance
Authors: Peng Chao , Li Gui Qiang , Sui Cheng Xin , Zhang Hui Meng , Zhang Yu Hui
Published: February 2016

The principle of measuring cellular glass by automatic densimeter was studied. The effect of pressure on closed cell content was researched in order to optimize the measuring pressure. The influence of closed cell content on the insulation property was analyzed by measuring thermal conductivity. The results showed that cell structure of cellular glass can distort or even be damaged with the increasing of pressure and the first condition for obtaining accurate closed cell content was to optimize the measuring condition and determine appropriate pressure. Closed cell content affects the insulation property of the cellular glass significantly.