bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MFADU-Net: Multi-Level Feature Fusion and Atrous Decoder Enhancements in DoubleU-Net for Medical Image Segmentation
Authors: Zhao Yongpeng , Zhang Guangyuan , Li Kefeng , Zhu Zhenfang , Li Xiaotong , Zhang Yongshuo , Fan Zhiming
Published: July 2024

In medical image processing, different adaptations based on the U-Net framework like DoubleU-Net are widely used and have been considered as fundamental models. Although DoubleU-Net enhances feature extraction and context comprehension by adding extra layers to U-Net, there are still some challenges to be solved. Multi-scale regions of interest (ROIs) might cause performance decline and information loss; complex contextual information may lead to inaccuracies in capturing environment details, affecting segmentation outcomes; unclear lesion or anatomical structure boundaries result in uncertain segmentations. To tackle these issues, We introduced an improved version of DoubleU-Net, named MFADU-Net, which incorporates multi-level feature fusion and an atrous decoder for more advanced segmentation of complex medical images. Firstly, the Multi- Level Feature Fusion Block leverages feature extraction and addresses multi-scale ROI challenges through a dual attention mechanism, excelling in detail capture and contextual understanding. Secondly, the dynamic atrous decoder offers outstanding flexibility and accuracy, further enhanced by a gated attention module for key area identification. Experimental results on CVC-ClinicDB and ISIC2018 datasets demonstrate that MFADU-Net outperforms current main methods, achieving segmentation precision of 89.3% and 93.1%, respectively.The code is available at https://github.com/Zhao-Yp/MFADU-Net.
Collagen Fleece Grafting for Surgical Treatment of Patients with Mild to Severe Peyronie’s Curvatures
Authors: Garaz Radion , Amend Bastian , Stenzl Arnulf , Bedke Jens , Hennenlotter Jörg , Rausch Steffen
Published: July 2024

Background
Collagen Fleece Grafting (CFG) for Peyronie’s Disease (PD) is a recommended treatment option for severe curvature > 60 degrees. However, little is known about its utility in mild curvatures. A subgroup of patients with a significant risk of penile shortening or symptomatic plaques might benefit from the approach in mild curvatures < 60°. We aimed to analyze the treatment indications, surgical technique, and early postoperative results of CGF in this scenario. We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing surgical treatment for PD using partial plaque excision or incision and CFG. Patients were referred for surgery when the duration of PD was at least 9 months and previous conservative therapies had failed. Clinical parameters and complications were reviewed. Subgroup analysis was performed in patients with curvatures of > 60° and mild curvatures ≤ 60.
Results
A total of 89 patients were identified. Median (range) age was 59 (38–73) years, and median (range) curvature was 70 (20–90)°. Curvature was dorsal in 66% of cases, ventral in 8%, lateral in 16%, and complex in 10% of cases. Partial plaque excision was performed in 87 (98%) patients. The mean (SD) surface area of grafting was 2.1 (1.9) cm2. The number of penile plaques was only one in 63 (71%) patients and 2 or more in 26 (29%) patients. There was no difference between the two groups (Curvature ≤ 60 vs. >60) regarding mean operation time (86.3 vs. 94.4 min, p = 0.13) or mean hospital stay (5 vs. 5 days, p = 0.77). There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of post-operative glans necrosis nor glans hypoesthesia, ecchymosis, bleeding, hematoma, infection, residual curvature, revision surgery, or pain.
Conclusions
In patients with mild and severe PD deformities, early post-operative outcomes and complications after partial plaque incision or excision and grafting with CFG seemed similar. The technique may be safely applied in select patients with mild penile curvature.
Identifying smallholder farming system typologies in southcentral Uganda: implications for food security
Authors: Apanovich Nataliya , Nyairo Risper
Published: July 2024

Smallholder farmers produce most of the food in Uganda, yet they are some of the world’s most food insecure. To better understand the heterogeneity among smallholders and promote contextualized sustainable development policies that address food insecurity, this study created farming typologies for 150 farming households in southcentral Uganda. The cross-sectional survey was administered in Masaka District and collected data on farm (production) and farmer (socio-economic) characteristics. By combining Factor Analysis on Mixed Data (FAMD) and Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components (HCPC), we developed three distinct farm typologies. Half of the households in Typology 1 grew coffee; all of the households in Typology 2 grew bananas; and all of the households in Typology 3 specialized in banana-coffee production. The typologies that grew bananas experienced less fluctuations in seasonal food security than those that did not, and Typology 3 was identified as the most resilient to food insecurity. The greatest differences between typologies were in how land was acquired (Typology 1 and 2 vs. Typology 3), walking time to the land (Typology 1 and 2 vs. Typology 3) and inorganic fertilizer use in coffee (Typology 1 vs. Typology 3). We concluded that households in southcentral Uganda decide on a cropping system based on their land rights (i.e. how the land was acquired) and resource endowment, specifically availability of labor and capital. Dedicating even a small proportion of land to perennials and adopting active field management was associated with reduced food insecurity. Agricultural development policies should therefore be geared towards addressing these issues.
Ferroelectricity in Hafnia: The Origin of Nanoscale Stabilization
Authors: Xu Xiaoshan , Li Xin , Ren Guodong , Lu Haidong , Samanta Kartik , Shah Amit , Omprakash Pravan , Yun Yu , Buragohain Pratyush , Cao Huibo , Hachtel Jordan , Lupini Andrew , Chi Miaofang , Tsymbal Evgeny , Gruverman Alexei , Mishra Rohan
Published: July 2024

The discovery of ferroelectric properties in hafnia-based materials have boosted the potential of incorporating ferroelectricity in advanced electronics, thanks to their compatibility with silicon technology. However, comprehending why these materials defy the common trend of reduced ferroelectric ordering at the nanoscale, and the mechanism that stabilizes the ferroelectric phase—which is absent in hafnia’s phase diagram—presents significant challenges to our traditional knowledge of ferroelectricity. In this work, we show that the formation of the orthorhombic ferroelectric phase (o-FE, space group Pca21) of the single-crystalline epitaxial films of 10% La-doped HfO2 (LHO) on (111)-oriented yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) relies on the stability of the orthorhombic antiferroelectric phase (o-AFE, space group Pbca) that is present in the high-pressure region of the phase diagram of hafnia. Our detailed x-ray diffraction studies, electron microscopy, and neutron diffraction measurements demonstrate that as-grown LHO films structurally represent an orthorhombic phase that is largely composed of the o-AFE phase being thermodynamically stabilized by the compressive strain imposed by the substrate on the lattice of hafnia stretched by La doping. As follows from our Kelvin probe force microscopy studies, under mechanical poling, the o-AFE phase is converted to the o-FE phase which remains stable under ambient conditions. We find that the orthorhombic phase stability is enhanced with decreasing film thickness down to one unit cell¾a trend that is unknown in any other ultrathin ferroelectric films. This is due to the vanishing depolarization field of the o-AFE phase and the isomorphic LHO/YSZ interface, supporting strain-enhanced ferroelectricity in the ultrathin films down to the single-unit-cell thickness, as evident from our electron microscopy and reflection high energy electron diffraction studies. This results in an unprecedented increase of the Curie temperature up to 850 °C—the highest reported for sub-nanometer-thick ferroelectrics. Overall, our findings unveil two long-standing mysteries of ferroelectric hafnia—the stability of the o-FE phase and its enhancement at the nanoscale, opening the way for advanced engineering of hafnia-based materials for ferroelectric applications and heralding a new frontier of high-temperature ferroelectrics at the two-dimensional limit.
Maximizing the clinical utility and performance of cytology samples for comprehensive genetic profiling – A report on the impact of process optimization through the analysis of 4,871 cytology samples profiled by MSK-IMPACT
Authors: Kim David , Vanderbilt Chad , Yang Soo-Ryum , Nandakumar Subhiksha , Nafa Khedoudja , Feratovic Rusmir , Rekhtman Natasha , Rijo Ivelise , Casanova Jacklyn , Yun Anita , Brannon Angela Rose , Berger Michael , Ladanyi Marc , Lin Oscar , Arcila Maria
Published: July 2024

Comprehensive molecular profiling by next generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized tumor classification and biomarker evaluation. However, routine implementation is challenged by the scant nature of diagnostic material obtained through minimally invasive procedures. Here, we describe our long-term experience in profiling cytology samples with an in-depth assessment of the performance, quality metrics, biomarker identification capabilities, and potential pitfalls. We highlight the impact of several optimization strategies to maximize performance with 4,871 prospectively sequenced clinical cytology samples tested by MSK-IMPACT™. Special emphasis is given to the use of residual supernatant cell free DNA (ScfDNA) as a valuable source of tumor DNA. Overall, cytology samples were similar in performance to surgical samples in identifying clinically relevant genomic alterations, achieving success rates up to 93% with full optimization. While cell block (CB) samples had excellent performance overall, low-level cross-contamination was identified in a small proportion of cases (4.7%), a common pitfall intrinsic to the processing of paraffin blocks, suggesting that more stringent precautions and processing modifications should be considered in quality control initiatives. By contrast ScfDNA samples had negligible contamination. Finally, ScfDNA testing exclusively used as a rescue strategy delivered successful results in 71% of cases where tumor tissue from CB was depleted.
The relationship between body mass index and menstrual cycle disorder
Authors: Salem Rola , alghazzawi Sulaf , Hammoud Taghrid
Published: July 2024

Objective: The research aims to study the prevalence of menstrual disorders and their relationship with body mass index
Methods and materials: A cross-sectional descriptive study that included 392 female patients from the outpatient clinic at Al-Zahrawi Hospital. They met the inclusion criteria and included women aged (20) - (40) years who had no known causes for menstrual irregularity, a detailed clinical history was taken, and a clinical examination was performed that included measuring weight and height. To determine the body mass index using a tape measure and an electronic weight scale and dividing according to the values ​​into four groups, a menstrual history was taken (puberty, date of last menstrual period, regularity of the menstrual cycle). The patients were then divided according to possible patterns of menstrual disorders. An echographic evaluation of the reproductive system was conducted for a period of 3 months, from April 2024 to May 2024.
Results: The current study showed that 6.9% of the sample were underweight, 39.3% were normal weight, 32.9% were overweight, 20.9% were obese, 21.2% had normal menstruation, and 78.8% had a menstrual irregularity. We found that there is a statistically significant relationship (P=0.005) between the high incidence of menstrual irregularity with abnormal BMI values, and the percentage of amenorrhea and polymenorrhea was highest among obese women, followed by underweight women. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (P=0.04), (P=0.02), Oligomenorrhea was seen and was higher among overweight women, followed by obese women, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P=0.001). The percentage of menorrhagia was higher among obese women, followed by overweight women, then underweight women, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (P=0.04). Dysmenorrhea was higher among underweight women. Weight, followed by obese, in equal proportion among overweight and normal weight women, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.003). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups for Hypomenorrhea (P=0.5), intermenstrual bleeding (P=0.1), and menorrhagia (P=0.09).
Conclusion: Menstrual disorders are common in women of reproductive age. Body mass index plays a very important vital role in the regularity of the menstrual cycle, and weight control is important to improve a woman's quality of life during her reproductive years.
Applying an Equity Lens to Evidence-Based Preventive Interventions: A Systematic Review of Subgroup Findings from Experimental Evaluations
Authors: Buckley Pamela R. , Gust Charleen J. , Coffin Sarah Gonzalez , Aikawa Sheba M. , Steeger Christine M. , Pampel Fred C.
Published: July 2024

Objective. As racial and ethnic minoritized groups carry the unique burden of structural and systemic racism, they are especially susceptible to adverse outcomes that are in large part due to their social determinants of health. Evidence-based preventive interventions (EBPIs) focused on equity are interventions that are grounded in science derived from high-quality experimental studies shown to: (1) effectively intervene before problems occur or escalate, and (2) reduce disparities. This review explored the prevalence of equity-promoting EBPIs.
Methods. We synthesized findings from 292 experimental evaluations of EBPIs published between 2010-2023 (240 conducted in the U.S.) and performed a descriptive analysis to assess: (1) the prevalence of culturally-tailored EBPIs (i.e., interventions designed with consideration of the strengths and experiences of the target population to enhance effectiveness); (2) how frequent tests for subgroup effects were in EBPI evaluations; and (3) whether subgroup findings from EBPIs indicate differential benefits for minoritized groups.
Results. We found few culturally-tailored interventions (31%), with 4% evaluating EBPIs developed for African American or Black populations and 1% for Hispanic or Latino youth. In addition, 25% and 15% tested for subgroup effects by race and ethnicity, respectively, with slightly higher frequencies when counting reports that used mixed and non-specified categories such as “non-White” or “minority.” There were also some encouraging findings: (1) EBPIs more often benefited racial and ethnic minoritized groups, and (2) an upward trend was detected in reporting subgroup tests across time. Still, few studies preregistered subgroup tests, causing concerns over cherry-picking results.
Conclusions. Currently, limited evidence shows the potential of EBPIs to reduce behavioral health disparities. Investments are needed in community-driven etiological and intervention research addressing behavioral health equity and trials of EBPIs that investigate mitigating disparities.
BEYOND CERTIFICATION: UNDERSTANDING RISKS IN HALAL ANIMAL FEED SUPPLY CHAINS
Authors:   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Saidin Nurulaina , Ashrof Zaki Yaakob Mohd ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Abd Rahman Fadilah ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Samori Zakiah ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Ruzulan Zulaipa ,   Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia., Syahirah Amer Nordin Nor ,   Kolej FELCRA, Bandar Baru Seberang Perak, 36800 Kampung Gajah, Perak, Malaysia.
Published: July 2024

Animal feed is a crucial point of control in the production of halal animal-based food. Improper feeding practices repeatedly reported in the media have contributed to the issuance of Fatwas on the impermissibility of animals fed with non-halal feed or impurities in 2007. Hence, feeding animals with Halal feed would be a judicious effort to solve these problems. Nevertheless, in the production and supply chain of halal animal feed, numerous risks must be considered concerning the feeds safety, quality, and halal integrity. The use of non-halal ingredients in animal feed can render the animals non-halal for consumption, as stated by the Malaysia National Fatwa. Additionally, even if the feed is initially halal, it can become non-halal through contamination with non-halal additives, equipment, or utensils. Therefore, a halal risk assessment is necessary to identify and analyze potential contamination risks during feed production. This study focuses on analyzing halal risks in animal feed production in Malaysia, employing qualitative research methodology by utilising a library research approach to identify these risks. In addition, the identification of activities involved in the feed supply chain will also help to analyze the risks. Developing a halal risk analysis and risk ranking matrix is essential for creating a Halal Risk Management Plan for feed production. This framework will benefit feed manufacturers by preventing contamination and assisting Halal authorities in establishing specific standards for halal feed production.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE REGARDING BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION AMONG WOMEN AT A SELECTED HOSPITAL, KOLAR
Authors:   Nursing Tutor, Sri Devaraj Urs College of Nursing, Tamaka, Kolar., I. Gethcia , V. Uma ,   Nursing Tutor, Sri Devaraj Urs College of Nursing, Tamaka, Kolar.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Every year we celebrate the womens International Day, inspiring the women of today to stride a head in life. While women have made progress in most off the field but still her tends to in inexplicably neglect her own health.The breast self-examination is an examination of the breast, performed by a woman, ideally one time per month. The goal of the breast self-examination is for women to notice changes in the breast that should be brought to the attention of physician for further evaluation, these include breast lumps, changes in the breast shape, size or contour. Objective:To assess the knowledge of women regarding Breast Self-Examination and to determine the effectiveness of planned teaching on Breast Self-Examination by comparing pretest and post-test knowledge scores and to find association between knowledge and selected demographic variables. Methods:The research design adopted for the study was Pre - experimental one group pretestpost-test design, with a sample size 30 women who are newly admitted in medical, surgical and gynaec wardsat R.L.J.H & RC,Kolarby using simple random sampling technique. The data was collected on 30 women by using knowledge questionnaire regarding Breast Self-Examination. Results:The pretestmean knowledge scores of 6.53 with SD 2.15 whereas inn the post-test, the mean scores was 14.8 with SD 1.11 and the calculated t value was 20.41 indicating highly significant. Hence there was difference between pretest and post-test knowledge scores, the research hypothesis is accepted. Conclusion:The study concluded that, structured teaching programme helped the women to improve their knowledge regarding Breast Self-Examination and its importance with an increase in the post-test knowledge score from 35% to 75%.
AGE AND GENDER RELATED VARIATIONS OF PITUITARYGLAND SIZE OF RAJASTHAN PEOPLE USING MAGNETICRESONANCE IMAGING
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Advanced Imaging Technology, Kaziranga University, Jorhat, Assam, India., Mahera Seikh M.A , Kumar Gourav ,   Assistant Professor, Radiation & Imaging Technology, Nims University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India., Pratap Bhanu ,   Assistant Professor, Radiation & Imaging Technology, Nims University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India., Kumar Meena Bijendar ,   Professor, Department of Radi-diagnosis Nims Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Published: July 2024

Aim:The aim of the study is to obtain standard reference values for the height, and length of pituitary gland in different age groups of both genders in Rajasthan population by using Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Methods:A retrospective study was conducted among 121 patients, who were referred to department of Radiation & Imaging Technology, Nims Hospital Jaipur Rajasthan for the evaluation of Pituitary gland size measurements between June 2022 to June 2023 scientific clearance was obtained from the scientific committee of NIMS University before conducting the study. Result:Pituitary height is the most dependable and consistent individual morphometric parameter for assessing pituitary.Based on the analysisit indicates that among the 121 patients (Male 62 & Female 59) included in the study, those aged between 20-40 years are the most affected, comprising approximately 17.36% of the total patients. This suggests that this particular age group has a higher incidence or prevalence of whatever condition or characteristic is being studied in the MRI brain scans.
THE REALITY OF HABIT IS TIGHT AND ITS CONTEMPORARY CONTROLS
Authors:   Lecturer, Kulliyyah of Shariah & Law, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah (UniSHAMS), 09300, Kuala Ketil, Kedah, Malaysia., Abous Meryem , bin Ahmad Akli ,   Dean of the College of Sharia and Law, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah (UniSHAMS), 09300, Kuala Ketil, Kedah, Malaysia., Gomaa Gomaa Zaghloul Saad ,   Senior Lecturer, Kulliyyah of Shariah & Law, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah (UniSHAMS), 09300, Kuala Ketil, Kedah, Malaysia., Ramadan Mohamed Ahmed Ahmed ,   Senior Lecturer, Kulliyyah of Shariah & Law, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah (UniSHAMS), 09300, Kuala Ketil, Kedah, Malaysia., Bint Ismail Shukiriat ,   Lecturer, Kulliyyah of Shariah & Law, Universiti Islam Antarabangsa Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah (UniSHAMS), 09300, Kuala Ketil, Kedah, Malaysia.
Published: July 2024

Among these legal rules that were devised by Islamic Sharia scholars is a court rule, this jurisprudential rule, which would, when applied by the legal application, solve many of the problems and calamities surrounding contemporary society, it is known to every researcher and student in forensic sciences the importance of studying the jurisprudential rules that scientists have devised and set appropriate controls and conditions for them, and dropped them on the facts and descent that descend society over time and eons Confirms the comprehensiveness of Islamic law for all aspects of life, whether the devotional aspect or the transactional aspect, so the provisions of Islamic Sharia came to regulate those aspects and set controls and systems that achieve happiness for humanity in the two homes when adhering to the application of those provisions and Sharia rules.Jurisprudence rules differ from the so-called jurisprudential controls, the field of the jurisprudential officer is narrower than what we found for the jurisprudential rule, as its scope does not exceed the one jurisprudential subject to which some of its issues are due, and some fundamentalists have warned about this, Scholars of assets and jurists set a set of controls for this jurisprudential rule must be available so that the rule can be applied and worked out in the construction of legal provisions branching from it, as well as the scholars statement of the relationship between this rule and custom.
PERCEPTIONS OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND THEIR DETERMINANTS AMONG THE SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN MACHAKOS COUNTY
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture, Environment, Water and Natural Resources South Eastern Kenya University., M.K. Nyamai David , A. Amwata Dorothy ,   Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Muranga University of Technology., Kilungo Julius ,   Department of Agricultural Sciences, School of Agriculture, Environment, Water and Natural Resources South Eastern Kenya University.
Published: July 2024

Climate change is expected to affect the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Machakos County due to their overdependence on rain-fed agriculture. Farmers perception of climate change and variability influences their understanding and management of climate change-induced risks and uncertainties, especially in rain-fed agriculture. The study was carried out to evaluate smallholder farmers awareness and perception of climate change and the factors influencing the perception of climate change in Machakos County. Data was collected from 400 farmers from six locations sampled through a multistage and simple random sampling procedure. The Heckman probit model was fitted to the data to avoid sample selection bias since not every farmer who may perceive climate change responds by adapting. The analysis revealed that 96% of smallholder farmers in Machakos County were aware of climate change, 87.3% perceived that temperature was rising, and 96.8% perceived that rainfall was decreasing. In this regard, the age of the household head, Gender, education, household size, group membership, distance to the nearest input sellers, distance to the closest market access to insurance, land size, off-farm income, access to information on climate change, access to extension services, access to credit, changes in temperature and rainfall were found to have a significant influence on the probability of farmers to perceive and/or adapt to climate change.
SINGLE SHIFT IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES AND STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN LOWER PRIMARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN RWANDA, A CASE OF KARONGI DISTRICT
Authors:   MED Student, Mount Kenya University., Emmanuel Irumva , O. Andala Hesbon ,   Senior Lecturer, Mount Kenya University.
Published: July 2024

The research investigated the single shift implementation strategies and students academic performance in lower primary public schools in Rwanda, a case study of Karongi district. According to the data, 77.6% of respondents strongly agreed that the first objective of the implementation of single shift in their school is well organized and effectively managed 82.2% strongly agreed that the necessary infrastructure and facilities are available to support the implementation of single shift in our school and 90.0% strongly agreed that the teaching staff in their school is adequately trained and prepared for the implementation of single shift. This result reveals that the schools single-shift implementation is well organized, there is the availability of necessary infrastructure, and the teaching staff is adequately trained, which are indicators of the single-shift implementation strategies. For the second objective, the study found that 79.8% strongly agreed that the academic performance of students in our school has improved since the implementation of single shift. The study found a strong positive relationship between enhanced teacher-student interaction, improved school infrastructures, improved class attendance, increased qualified teachers, curriculum design and improved grades. These findings suggest that enhanced teacher-student interaction, improved school infrastructure, improved class attendance, improved grades, and improved curriculum design all contribute to improved outcomes. Lastly, as the p-value is smaller than 0.05, the aforementioned characteristics are positively correlated with academic achievement in lower primary public schools in the Karongi district of Rwanda. It is advised that reconsidering students take responsibility for their learning, attend regularly, seek help, develop good study habits, participate in extracurricular activities, and implement student-centred pedagogies. Teachers should provide individualized support, use various methods, collaborate, and continuously update their skills.
EXPLORATORY STUDY OF FERTILIZER EFFECT ON GROWTH, YIELD ATTRIBUTES AND YIELD RESPONSE OF LOCAL AND IMPROVED BAMBARA GROUNDNUT VARIETIES ON FERRIC LIXISOL, BURKINA FASO
Authors:   Centre Universitaire de Tenkodogo, Universite Thomas SANKARA, 12 BP 417 Ouagadougou 12, Burkina Faso., Nandkangre Herve , Fidele Zongo Koulibi ,   Centre Universitaire de Tenkodogo, Universite Thomas SANKARA, 12 BP 417 Ouagadougou 12, Burkina Faso., Judicaelle Kambou Diane ,   Department of Plant Biology and Physiology, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso., Esther Ouoba Palamanga ,   Centre Universitaire de Tenkodogo, Universite Thomas SANKARA, 12 BP 417 Ouagadougou 12, Burkina Faso., Benjamin Kantar Michael ,   Department of Tropical and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822, USA., Mc Cormick Anna ,   Department of Tropical and Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822, USA., Abel Missihoun Antoine ,   Department of Genetic and Biotechnology, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite dAbomey-Calavi, 01BP 526, Cotonou, Benin., Ouoba Adjima ,   Centre Universitaire de Ziniare, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso., Sawadogo Nerbewende ,   Department of Plant Biology and Physiology, Universite Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso., Ouedraogo Mahama ,   Plant Production Department, Institut de lEnvironnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA), 04 BP 8645 Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Published: July 2024

Bambara groundnut is the third most cultivated legume in Burkina Faso. Despite its nutritional and agronomic importance, it remains under studied. Women are the major producers and it often been associated with subsistence farming and small-scale grown on poor soilswith very poor yields.To deal with this, producers are increasingly using chemical fertilizers. Reducing of the amount of chemical fertilizers substituted by organic inputs and using improved varieties could lead to increase yields and ensure sustainability of agricultural productivity. In this study, two Bambara groundnut varieties were assessed under different fertilizer treatments in order to determine the inputs that will improve Bambara groundnut productivity. Experiments were laid out as Split-Plot design during the rainy season with three replications at Tenkodogo University Centre during the rainy season 2022. The experiments consisted of two factors, including the varieties (KVS 235 and Var_Loc) and four levels of fertilization (NPK75 Bc3000 Bc5000 and NPK37.5 + Bc2500). Growth and yield parameters were recorded according the Bambara groundnut descriptors and subjected to analysis of variance at 95% threshold. The results showed that KVS235 exhibited short cycle for first flowering (32 days) and 50% flowering (35 days) and weight of pods per plant (16.45 g) and best performance of weight of seed per plant (10.32 g). The treatment NKP75 showed maximum weight of pods per plant (18.95 g) and weight of seeds per plant (11.53 g). Yield increased with NPK75 (1199.31 kg ha-1), followed by Bc3000 (1095.14 kg ha-1) and Bc5000 (993.75 kg ha-1).
METHODOLOGY AND SOFTWARE FOR SEARCHING FOR ANOMALIES IN TELEMETRY DATA OF A SOLAR POWER PLANT BASED ON AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK - AUTOENCODER
Authors:   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, P. Brovki St. 6, Minsk, 220013, Belarus., Dzik K.S. , Pilecki I.I. ,   Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics, P. Brovki St. 6, Minsk, 220013, Belarus., Kruse I. ,   Sensotronica Ltd, Kulman St. 9, Minsk, 220100, Belarus., Asimov R.M. ,   Sunsniffer LTD, Ludwig-Feuerbach-Str. 69, Nuremberg, 90489, Germany., Asipovich V.S. ,   Novotech Lab INC, 360 King Street, Charleston, SC 29401, USA.
Published: July 2024

Objectives: Development of a new methodology and software for detecting anomalies in the operation of PV-modules based on an artificial neural network type autoencoder trained on telemetry data from a solar power plant. Methods: The methodology is based on statistical studies of deviations of measured from recovered neural network values of current and voltage of all PV-modules of the power plant. Additionally, a criterion for evaluating the presence of faults in the operation of the PV-module based on statistical studies is introduced. Results: Using the developed methodology and software for anomaly detection in telemetry data over six months of observations with different evaluation criteria, from 14 to 45 anomalies were detected in 33 PV-modules. All cases were analyzed for the causes of the anomalies in the operation of the PV-modules. Conclusion: It was established that using four standard deviations for the daily average measured values of current âˆ†I and voltage âˆ†U as a criterion for detecting anomalies allows identifying faulty PV-modules. Using three and two standard deviations as a criterion for detecting anomalies helps identify reduced efficiency in PV-module operation due to degradation, excessive shading, and other factors.
PERIOESTHETICS: PERIODONTAL APPROACH TO ESTHETIC DENTISTRY A CASE SERIES
Authors:   Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur., Karemore Vaibhav , Phadnaik Mangesh ,   Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur., Korambeth Shreeya ,   Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur., Desurkar Yugandhara ,   Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur., Mali Sejal ,   Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Nagpur.
Published: July 2024

Esthetic dentistry is evolving and so is its importance in periodontal treatment with increasing awareness. The harmony between lips, gums and teeth is the key to maintain facial esthetics. Multidisciplinary approach is important for acquiring an esthetic smile with periodontal treatment playing a vital role. Attention should be paid on maintaining an ideal and harmonious relationship between teeth and its supporting hard and soft tissue structures. This article presents a series of cases wherein periodontal treatment has played a vital role in improvising smile. This article aims to emphasize the role played by periodontal treatment in rehabilitating an esthetic smile.
EFFECTS OF TEACHING PRACTICE PROGRAMME ON PRE-SERVICE TEACHER COMPETENCES DEVELOPMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL OF RWANDA
Authors: Lucie Mukeshimana , Mugiraneza Faustin
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research was to evaluate how a teaching practice program influences the development of competences among pre-service teachers in Rwandan primary schools, focusing on lesson preparation and classroom management. The study utilized a descriptive research design to analyze variables, indicators, and measurements. Participants, totaling 154, were selected using simple random sampling for teachers, mentors, tutors, and student-teachers, with purposive sampling for head teachers. Findings indicated significant impacts of teaching practice on pre-service teachers: 72.3% regularly prepared lesson plans, 63.4% tailored lessons to student needs, and 74.7% improved communication skills with young learners. Regarding classroom management, 75.6% reported effective problem-solving skills, and 58.5% improved fairness and behavior management. Limitations of the study included potential sample bias, the short-term focus on immediate outcomes rather than long-term impacts, and the challenge of measuring complex competences comprehensively. Implications of the findings suggested potential improvements in teacher training curricula, informed by the identified impacts of teaching practice on competences. Policy implications included enhancing the quality and effectiveness of teaching practice programs to better prepare pre-service teachers for the diverse challenges of primary school education in Rwanda. Ultimately, the study aimed to contribute to educational reforms that could enhance teaching practices and improve learning outcomes for students in Rwandan primary schools and similar educational contexts globally.
CONTRIBUTION OF TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION TRAINING SKILLS ACQUISITION ON YOUTHS JOBS CREATION IN RWANDA, A CASE OF GASABO DISTRICT
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Curriculum Study, Mount Kenya University Rwanda., Liberee Nyirankundimana , Opiyo Andala Phd Hesbon ,   Lecturer, Department of Curriculum Study, Mount Kenya University Rwanda.
Published: July 2024

The goal of this study is to examine the contribution of TVET skills acquisition to youths job creation in Gasabo District, Rwanda. This study employed a cross-sectional research design and a quantitative methodology. The research target population consisted of 262 respondents from three categories. Headteachers, teachers, and school leavers of Gasabo District, Stratified and random sampling were employed to ensure representation from different categories, and the sample size of 158 respondents was calculated using the Yamane formula. The data was analyzed, and the association between skills gained from TVET schools and job creation was looked at using SPSS Version 21. To estimate the extent of the influence between variables, inferential statistics based on correlation and regression coefficients were generated. Statistical findings were analyzed in a descriptive and inferential way, where these findings indicate the correlation and regression results established by the study, which found there was a positive and statistically significant correlation between the contribution of TVET skills acquisition from TVET schools and youths job creation in Gasabo District, Rwanda, with the majority of these correlations being greater than 0.05. Based on the research findings, the researcher recommended that Rwandas technical and vocational educational training (TVET) plays a crucial role in skills acquisition and job creation among youth.
THROMBOLYSIS IN ST- ELEVATION MYOCARDIALINFRACTION PATIENTS: CLINICAL PREDICTORS OF REPERFUSIONAND ANGIOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES
Authors:   Cardiology Department, Errazi Hospital, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco., Zahrae Kaddari Fatima , Khazami Ranime ,   Cardiology Department, Errazi Hospital, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco., Kamel Ghanem ,   Cardiology Department, Errazi Hospital, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco., Rouam Hafssa ,   Cardiology Department, Errazi Hospital, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco., Eljamili Mohammed ,   Cardiology Department, Errazi Hospital, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco., Elhattaoui Mustapha ,   Cardiology Department, Errazi Hospital, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Marrakesh, Morocco.
Published: July 2024

Background: Thrombolysis is an alternative strategy for reperfusion in the management of ST- Elevation Myocardial Infraction (STEMI) patients, when percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cannot be performed. However, using clinical markers of reperfusion, thrombolysis is not always successful for all patients and immediate angiographicrescue PCI is indicated. Aim of the Work: Thegoal of this clinical study was to determinethe angiographic efficacy of thrombolysis in STEMI patients. Besides its correlation in successful or failed thrombolysis (FT) based on clinicalcriteria of reperfusion. Material/Methods: The study population included patients with acute STEMI within 12 hours of onset chest pain, who were admitted to The Cardiac Intensive Care Unit of cardiology department, atUniversityHospital Center Mohammed VI of Marrakech Morocco, receiving thrombolysis with Tenecteplase, during the period from January2021 to January2023. Repeated Electrocardiogram (EKG) at baseline, 90 minutes after Thrombolysis to define FT and PCIwereperformedfor all patients. Results:121 patients with a mean age of 56 years were recruited in the study. Successful thrombolysis was present in 60% of patients (n = 73) in Group I, while 40% of patients (n = 48) had FT in Group II. There was no significant difference between patients in both groups regarding gender, risk factors for coronary artery disease like dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, and myocardial infraction territory on the EKG. However, hypertension, delayed presentation after six hours of onset chest pain, and severe alteration of the systolic ejection fraction were mostly present in Group II. The TIMI III flow rates represent 76%(n = 93) of the patients in the study, with higher rates in both groups, at 80% versus 70% for groups I and II, respectively. Conclusion: The study confirmed that unsuccessful thrombolysisdoes not mean always-unsuccessful restoring of epicardial coronary flow.As a result, our current results clearly demonstrate the benefits of fibrinolysisfor STEMI patients when resources are limited for primary PCI. However, Additional clinical studies are also needed to investigate the recovery of microvascular and tissular perfusion to improve myocardial function and long-term clinical outcomes.
EFFECT OF SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMME PRACTICES ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN MATHEMATICS SUBJECT IN PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN RWANDA
Authors: Theogene Nsabimana , Mugiraneza Faustin
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to evaluate how school feeding programs impact academic performance in mathematics among students in public primary schools within Nyanza District. Its objectives were twofold: firstly, to assess the effectiveness of these feeding programs secondly, to determine the relationship between the feeding program and students academic achievements. The research employed a descriptive research design, utilizing both questionnaires and interviews to gather data. A sample size of 173 participants was determined using the Yamane formula, consisting of 155 teachers and 18 head teachers selected via simple random sampling and purposeful selection methods. Data collection involved administering teacher surveys and conducting interviews with head teachers. The gathered quantitative data were analyzed using IBM/SPSS, focusing on percentages and correlation coefficients. Key findings indicated mixed perceptions among respondents regarding the adequacy of food and cleanliness of water provided by the feeding programs. Approximately half of the respondents believed their students performed well in national mathematics exams and learned effectively after lunch, while a majority felt that learners were motivated during teaching activities. The study found a moderate positive correlation (coefficient of determination = 0.809) between aspects of the school feeding program and students academic performance in mathematics. Limitations of the study included potential biases in self-reported data and the narrow geographical focus on Nyanza District, limiting generalizability to other regions. Implications suggest that improving the quality and consistency of school feeding programs could positively influence academic outcomes in mathematics.
CUSTOMISED OCULAR PROSTHESIS FABRICATION - A CASE SERIES
Authors:   Resident, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam., Vincent Pinky , K. Nanukuttan Sreeja ,   Resident, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam., M. Raghavan Sandhya ,   Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam., C. Rajesh ,   Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College, Kottayam., Anilkumar S. ,   Controller of Examinations, Kerala University of Health Sciences.
Published: July 2024

Loss of an eye, whether due to trauma or medical necessity, can lead to significant physical and psychological distress This article delves into the profound impact of ocular prosthetics in alleviating the physical and psychological repercussions of eye loss. Acrylic resin has been identified as an optimal material for its durability, aesthetic fidelity, and biocompatibility in fabricating ocular prostheses. Beyond restoring facial symmetry and enhancing aesthetics, these prostheses significantly bolster patient self-confidence and overall quality of life. The series comprehensively examines four distinct methods for iris positioning and prosthesis characterization, crucial for imparting natural vitality to the prosthetic eye. Each case underscores the importance of personalized care in ocular prosthetics, emphasizing the advantages over standard stock prostheses.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP ECOSYSTEM IN SUDAN: THE ROLE OF PUBLIC POLICY
Authors:   Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Art and Science, Jouf University, Al Quriat, Saudi Arabia., G.A. Arabi Nahla
Published: July 2024

The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between public policy and Entrepreneurship development in the Sudanese manufacturing sector. The current study is explanatory in nature, and is designed to be cross sectional, using a quantitative approach. Questionnaires were used to collect data from a stratified sample consisting of 10 industrial sub-sectors drawn from the total population of the study. Data are analyzed with help of exploratory factor analysis and multiple regression model.Among the major findings is a significant relationship between public policy and entrepreneurship development expressed in two factors, namely: Public policy and charges, these factors explain 64% of the variation in entrepreneurship development. The study recommends that a more effective policy for enhancing entrepreneurial development in the Sudanese manufacturing sector should be formulated.
BURNOUT SYNDROME AMONG HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS IN THE SOUSS REGION: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Hassan II Regional Hospital, Agadir. Morocco., Benachour Youssef , Elmekkaoui Adil ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Hassan II Regional Hospital, Agadir. Morocco., Benlenda Otmane ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Hassan II Regional Hospital, Agadir. Morocco., Lahlou Laila ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Hassan II Regional Hospital, Agadir. Morocco., Nassik Hicham ,   Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Agadir, Ibn Zohr University, Hassan II Regional Hospital, Agadir. Morocco.
Published: July 2024

In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the population has been put under a major psychological constraint. high incidence of psychological and professional burden on health care providers have been recorded. These observations are related to the considerable stress, additional pressure, accompanied by very significant awareness and media coverage which have all focused on the role of health professionals. Through this work, we aim to determine the prevalence of burnout syndrome among medical and nursing staff in the intensive care units of Hassan II Hospital in Agadir (Morocco) at the time of the Coronavirus and to look for the associated factors.