bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational Model for Organizational Learning in Research And Development Centers (R&D)
Authors: Suárez-Barón Marco Javier , López José Fdo. , Montenegro Marin Carlos Enrique , Gaona-García Paulo Alonso , Montenegro-Marin Franklin Guillermo
Published: February 2020

This work explains for a computational model design focused organizational learning in R&D centers. We explained the first stage of this architecture that enables extracting, retrieval and integrating of lessons learned in the areas of innovation and technological development that have been registered by R&D researchers and personnel in social networks corporative focused to research. In addition, this article provides details about the design and construction of organizational memory as a computational learning mechanism within an organization. The end result of the process is discusses the management of the extraction and retrieval of information as a technological knowledge management mechanism with the goal of consolidating the Organizational Memory.
Clinical Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Blocker Therapy for Malignant Melanoma in Korean Patients: Potential Clinical Implications for a Combination Strategy Involving Radiotherapy
Authors: Lee Jeongshim , Chang Jee Suk , Roh Mi Ryung , Jung Minkyu , Lee Choong-Kun , Oh Byung Ho , Chung Kee Yang , Koom Woong Sub , Shin Sang Joon
Published: February 2020

PurposeWe investigated the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint blocker (ICB) therapy for metastatic or advanced melanoma in Korean patients. As well, we assessed whether the effects of ICBs can be enhanced by combination therapy with palliative radiotherapy (RT).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of 127 patients with metastatic melanoma who received ICB with or without palliative RT between 2014 and 2018. The melanoma subtypes were classified as follows: chronic sun-damaged (CSD), acral, mucosal, and uveal. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR).ResultsThe overall ORR was 15%, with 11 complete and eight partial responses. ORRs for CSD, acral/mucosal, and uveal melanomas were 50%, 16.5%, and 0%, respectively (p=0.009). In addition to the subtype, stage at treatment, total tumor burden at treatment, and ICB type were significantly associated with ORR (all p < 0.05). Palliative RT was administered in 44% of patients during the treatment, and it did not affect ORR. Clinical responders to ICB therapy exhibited significantly higher 1-year progression-free and overall survival rates than nonresponders.ConclusionORR for ICB monotherapy in Korean patients with melanoma is relatively modest compared with that in Western patients because the non-CSD subtypes are predominant in the Korean population. Our findings regarding combination therapy with ICB provided a rationale for the initiation of our phase II study (NCT04017897).
Comparing the Characteristics and Outcomes of Male and Female Breast Cancer Patients in Korea: Korea Central Cancer Registry
Authors: Lee Eun-Gyeong , Jung So-Youn , Lim Myong Cheol , Lim Jiwon , Kang Han-Sung , Lee Seeyoun , Han Jai Hong , Jo Heein , Won Young-Joo , Lee Eun Sook
Published: February 2020

PurposeThis study aimed to determine the incidence of male breast cancer (MBC) and its survival outcomes in Korea, and to compare these results to those for female breast cancer (FBC).Materials and MethodsWe searched the Korea Central Cancer Registry and identified 227,122 breast cancer cases that were diagnosed between 1999 and 2016. Demographic and clinical characteristics and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated according to sex, age, histological type, and cancer stage.ResultsThe 227,122 patients included 1,094 MBC cases and 226,028 FBC cases. Based on the age-standardized rate, the male: female ratio was 0.0055:1. The most common ages at diagnosis were 60-69 years for MBC and 40-49 years for FBC (p < 0.001). Male patients were less likely than female patients to receive adjuvant radiotherapy (7.5% vs. 21.8%, p < 0.001) or adjuvant chemotherapy (40.1% vs. 55.4%, p < 0.001). The 5-year OS rates after diagnosis were 88.8% for all patients, although it was significantly lower for MBC than for FBC (76.2% vs. 88.9%, p < 0.001). In both groups, older age (≥ 60 years) was associated with shorter survival. The 5-year OS rates for the invasive histological types were 75.8% for men and 89.0% for women. The 5-year OS rates in both groups decreased with increasing cancer stage.ConclusionMBC was diagnosed at older ages than FBC, and male patients were less likely to receive radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The survival outcomes were worse for MBC than for FBC, with even poorer outcomes related to older age, the inflammatory histological types, and advanced stage. It is important that clinicians recognize the differences between FBC and MBC when treating these patients.
Universal compactified Jacobians
Authors: Melo Margarida
Published: February 2020

In this paper we describe compactifications of the universal Jacobian stack of line bundles over smooth curves obtained by considering open substacks of the moduli stack of torsion-free rank-1 simple sheaves on reduced curves of given genus. The results we describe are mostly expository and based on Altman–Kleiman and Esteves constructions of compactified Jacobians for families of reduced curves. For the moduli stack of Deligne–Mumford

n

-pointed stable curves, we study fine compactifications obtained by imposing stability conditions on the sheaves and we prove that in this situation we get Deligne–Mumford stacks endowed with a projective coarse moduli space.
Joint differential invariants of binary and ternary forms
Authors: Polat Gülden Gün , Olver Peter J.
Published: February 2020

We use moving frames to construct and classify the joint invariants and joint differential invariants of binary and ternary forms. In particular, we prove that the differential invariant algebra of ternary forms is generated by a single third order differential invariant. To connect our results with earlier analysis of Kogan, we develop a general method for relating differential invariants associated with different choices of cross-section.
Pode o inseto des-fazer um mundo? O bicudo e a (contra)colonização da monocultura no semiárido da Paraíba
Authors: Holliver Gabriel
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo baseado em um engajamento etnográfico realizado desde 2015 junto a famílias de agricultores camponeses do Médio Sertão da Paraíba, se propõe a narrar a ascensão e declínio das plantations de algodão no semiárido da Paraíba. No centro da narrativa se encontra o bicudo (Anthonomus grandis), um inseto até nunca antes visto na região que surgiu em meio as plantações no início da década de oitenta e gerou uma inflexão histórica, desmantelando o então vigente sistema agrícola de monocultura que impedia a prática da agricultura tradicional local. Com ação de magnitude revolucionária, o bicudo terminou por promover uma difusa descentralização fundiária, permitindo a atualização de práticas agrícolas tradicionais até então submersas. Assim, através de uma narrativa diacrônica, realizo o contraste entre dois sistemas agrícolas, a agrobiodiversidade neles presentes, seus modos de se relacionar com a terra, e os efeitos práticos promovidos por tais atividades na textura da paisagem.
Non-target and suspect characterisation of organic contaminants in Arctic air, Part II: Application of a new tool for identification and prioritisation of chemicals of emerging Arctic concern in air
Authors: Röhler Laura , Schlabach Martin , Haglund Peter , Breivik Knut , Kallenborn Roland , Bohlin-Nizzetto Pernilla
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The Norwegian Arctic possess a unique environment for the detection of new potential chemicals of emerging Arctic concern (CEACs) due to remoteness, sparsely populated and the low number of local contamination sources. Hence, a contaminant present in Arctic air is still considered a priority indication for its environmental stability and environmental mobility. Today, legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and related conventional environmental pollutants are already well-studied since their identification as Arctic pollutants in the 1980s. Many of them are implemented and reported in various national and international monitoring activities including the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP). These standard monitoring schemes, however, are based on compound specific quantitative analytical methods. Under such conditions, the possibility for identification of hitherto unidentified contaminants is limited and randomly, at the best. Today, new and advanced technological developments allow a broader, unspecific analytical approach as either targeted multi-component analysis or suspect and non-target screening strategies. In order to facilitate such a wide range of compounds, a wide-scope sample clean-up method for high-volume air samples, based on a combination of adsorbents was applied, followed by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography separation and low-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometric detection (GC×GC-LRMS). During the here reported study, simultaneous non-target and suspect screening were applied. The detection of over 700 compounds of interest in the particle phase and over 1200 compounds in the gaseous phase is reported. Of those, 62 compounds were confirmed with reference standards and 90 compounds with a probable structure (based upon mass spectrometric interpretation and library spectrum comparison). These included compounds already detected in Arctic matrices and compounds not detected previously (see also Figure 1). In addition, 241 compounds were assigned tentative structure or compound class. Hitherto unknown halogenated compounds, which are not listed in the used mass spectral libraries, were also detected and partly identified.
Integrated dataset of deformation measurements in fractured volcanic tuff and meteorological data (Coroglio coastal cliff, Naples, Italy)
Authors: Matano Fabio , Caccavale Mauro , Esposito Giuseppe , Fortelli Alberto , Scepi Germana , Spano Maria , Sacchi Marco
Published: February 2020

Abstract. Along the coastline of the Phlegraean Fields volcanic
district, near Naples (Italy), severe retreat processes affect a large part
of the coastal cliffs, mainly made of fractured volcanic tuff and
pyroclastic deposits. Progressive fracturing and deformation of rocks can
lead to hazardous sudden slope failures on coastal cliffs. Among the
triggering mechanisms, the most relevant are related to meteorological
factors, such as precipitation and thermal expansion due to solar heating of
rock surfaces. In this paper, we present a database of measurement time
series taken over a period of ∼4 years (December 2014–October 2018)
for the deformations of selected tuff blocks in the Coroglio coastal
cliff. The monitoring system is implemented on five unstable tuff blocks and
is formed by nine crackmeters and two tiltmeters equipped with internal
thermometers. The system is coupled with a total weather station, measuring
rain, temperature, wind and atmospheric pressure and operating from January 2014 up to December 2018. Measurement frequencies of 10 and 30 min have been set for meteorological and deformation sensors
respectively. The aim of the
measurements is to assess the magnitude and temporal pattern of rock block
deformations (fracture opening and block movements) before block failure and
their correlation with selected meteorological parameters. The results of a
multivariate statistical analysis of the measured time series suggest a
close correlation between temperature and deformation trends. The recognized
cyclic, sinusoidal changes in the width (opening–closing) of fractures and
tuff block rotations are ostensibly linked to multiscale (i.e., daily,
seasonal and annual) temperature variations. Some trends of cumulative
multi-temporal changes have also been recognized. The full databases are
freely available online at: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.896000
(Matano et al., 2018) and https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.899562 (Fortelli
et al., 2019).
REALTIME PLANETARY-SCALE DATACUBE FUSION
Authors: Baumann P.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. The datacube model has rapidly gained acceptance as a cornerstone for analysis-ready data, and also the corresponding service model which is more powerful, but easier to use than existing API-based interfaces. Mature and widely adopted datacube standards show the way how datacube functionality can be presented to clients, be they human or m2m connections. Specifically, the OGC Coverage Implementation Schema (CIS) data model and the Web Coverage Service (WCS) service model suite define a framework adopted by the main opensource as well as proprietary tools, including MapServer, GeoServer, GDAL, QGIS, ArcGIS, and python/OWSlib.In this contribution we present federation methods implemented in the rasdaman datacube engine which is accepted technology leader, standards driver, and reference implementation for datacubes.In summary, rasdaman allows federated processing of declarative queries whereby complete location transparency is given: any federation member can receive the query, and the federation will dynamically orchestrate each query individually for optimized processing.
INTRODUCING AUTOMATIC SATELLITE IMAGE PROCESSING INTO LAND COVER MAPPING BY PHOTO-INTERPRETATION OF AIRBORNE DATA
Authors: Costa H. , Benevides P. , Marcelino F. , Caetano M.
Published: February 2020

Abstract. A series of five land cover maps, widely known as COS (Carta de Uso e Ocupação do Solo), have been produced since 1990 for mainland Portugal. Previous to 2015, all maps were produced through photo-interpretation of orthophotos. Land cover and land use changes were detected through comparison of previous and recent orthophotos, which were used for map updating, thereby producing a new map. The remaining areas of no change were preserved across the maps for consistency. Despite the value of the maps produced, the method is very time-consuming and limited to the single-date reference of the orthophotos. From 2015 onwards, a new approach was adopted for map production. Photo-interpretation of orthophoto maps is still the basis of mapping, but assisted by products derived from satellite data. The goals are three-fold: (i) cut time production, (ii) increase map accuracy, and (iii) further detail the nomenclature. The last map published (COS 2015) benefited from change detection and classification analyses of Landsat data, namely for guiding the photo-interpretation in forest, shrublands, and mapping annual agriculture. Time production and map error have been reduced comparing to previous maps. The new 2018 map, currently in production, further explores this approach. Landsat 8 time series of 2015–2018 are used for change detection in vegetation based on NDVI differencing, thresholding and clustering. Sentinel-2 time series of 2017–2018 are used to classify Autumn/Winter crops and Spring/Summer crops based on NDVI temporal profiles and classification rules. Benefits and pitfalls of the new mapping approach are presented and discussed.
Physiological Mechanism of Genetic Law of Quantitative Characters
Authors: Gu Huai Tang
Published: February 2020

Regarding the genetic laws of quantitative characters, In 1908, Nilsson-EhleH．a Swedish geneticist, put forward the polygene hypothesis, and it makes a reasonable explanation for the genetic law of quantitative characters on the perspective of cytology. By using the law of conservation of mass and Le Châtelier’s Principle, and proposed a point of view of a cyclical equilibrium system of chemical reactions to analyze and reason the physiological mechanism of genetic law of quantitative characters.
Evaluation of the Diavik Diamond Deposit
Authors: Pollock K. , Davy A. T. , Moss S.
Published: February 2020

The 23-year evaluation history of the Diavik kimberlites (1994–2017) commenced with elevated microdiamond stone counts from small samples of drill core. These stone counts equated with high sample grades, grades that were higher than anyone had expected (2–5 carats per tonne [ct/t]), and caused many experienced explorers to change their opinions on the prospectivity of small kimberlites (1–2 ha in surface area). The diamond size-frequency distributions were coarser trending, and the diamond quality was “mixed,” resulting in >1-mm diamond prices of about US$100 per ct, slightly better than the world average. This grade and price combination gave ore values ranging from US$200 to US$500 per tonne and, with four kimberlites, the Diavik joint venture partners estimated that there would be sufficient ore to underpin a 20-year mine life at a treatment rate of 2.2 million tonnes per annum.

Primary diamond deposits are usually sampled on 50- or 100-m grids. Grade drilling at Diavik was conducted on 25-m centers, allowing for 12- × 6-in holes in each kimberlite. The kimberlites are located beneath Lac de Gras and had to be bulk sampled underground to generate diamond parcels (approximately 12,000 and 8,000 ct) for sorting and valuation. Three of the kimberlites transitioned from open-pit to underground mines (two sublevel retreats and one cut and fill). The fourth kimberlite narrows at depth and is unlikely to be mined from underground.

Grade reconciliation has presented challenges; each kimberlite comprises three to four geologic units and plant feed can comprise ore from three kimberlites concurrently. Careful ore management and tracking has overcome these difficulties, meaning that grade, size-frequency, and size-quality reconciliations have been meaningful and, for the most part, have varied less than ±5% on an annual basis. The Diavik mine is neither the largest nor the smallest deposit in the world. However, by the end of its life it will have produced about 7 million carats of diamonds per annum for 22 years at an average grade of 3.4 ct/t. It represents an exceptional diamond resource for kimberlites ~100 m in diameter, considering that it is also located in one of the coldest and remotest locations on Earth.
Diamonds from the Diavik Mine: From Formation Through Mantle Residence to Emplacement
Authors: Hunt Lucy , Stachel Thomas , Stern Richard A. , Creighton Steven
Published: February 2020

The morphology and color of Diavik diamonds, their nitrogen concentrations and δ13C values, and the composition of their mineral inclusions provide insights into the formation of diamonds and the evolution of the mantle root beneath the central Slave craton. The minerals which make up inclusions reflect a largely peridotitic mantle source region (77% peridotitic, 18% eclogitic, 1% ultradeep, and 4% ferropericlase bearing) predominantly composed of garnet-harzburgite. The major element geochemistry of the inclusions indicates that the degree of primary melt depletion during formation of the central Slave cratonic mantle root was distinctly lower than for other cratons worldwide—for example, beneath Yakutia and the Kaapvaal craton. The formation of peridotitic diamonds in the Paleoarchean was likely followed by lithosphere-scale cooling by about 150°C, based on differences in equilibration temperatures for touching and nontouching inclusion pairs and nitrogen aggregation-based residence temperature estimates for their respective diamond hosts.

The protolith of the eclogitic diamond substrate likely was basaltic-gabbroic oceanic crust, as shown by trace element patterns that include weak positive EuN anomalies in one garnet and one clinopyroxene inclusion, and a normal mid-ocean ridge basalt (NMORB) signature for the calculated bulk-rock eclogite.

The analysis of microinclusions in fibrous diamonds reveals the presence of high-density fluids that span a continuous compositional range between carbonatitic and saline end-members. The diamonds grew from continuously evolving and fractionating melts/fluids that moved through the mantle. Cathodoluminescence imaging of fibrous and clear monocrystalline diamonds indicates that they grew in pulses with intermittent periods of resorption.
Discovery of the Murowa Kimberlites, Zimbabwe
Authors: Sims K. , Fox K. , Harris M. , Chimuka L. , Reichhardt F. , Muchemwa E. , Gowera R. , Hinks D. , Smith C. B.
Published: February 2020

The Murowa diamond deposit comprises a cluster of kimberlite pipes and dikes intruded into the southern edge of the Tokwe block, the oldest part of the Zimbabwe Archean craton underlain by diamond-favorable, thick, strongly depleted, peridotitic mantle lithosphere. The Murowa discovery resulted from a four-year regional exploration program by a Rio Tinto Exploration/Rio Tinto Zimbabwe joint venture targeting both the structural continuation of the Limpopo mobile belt northeastward from Venetia and River Ranch diamond pipes as well as the adjacent Zimbabwe craton.

Follow-up of high-Cr magnesiochromites, often as single grain anomalies, from processed stream sediment samples was key to the discovery of the weakly diamondiferous Sese kimberlites, 70 km east-northeast of Murowa. Trials of different exploration techniques at Sese showed soil geochemistry (Mg, Cr, Ti, Nb, Ni) and horizontal loop (MaxMin) electromagnetic surveys as the most effective follow-up tools for locating kimberlites. The occurrence of fenitized granite adjacent to Sese kimberlite was used as an additional prospecting tool and blocks of fenite associated with a chromite- and diamond-bearing stream sample led to the discovery of the first Murowa pipe (K1). Airborne and ground electromagnetic surveys and soil geochemistry were then applied to locate the other Murowa kimberlites (K2-K5), followed by pitting and drilling.

Key factors for the Murowa discovery were the development of a stream sediment sampling methodology closely tied to a proprietary sample-processing laboratory; close linkage of laboratory and field staff, giving fast turnaround to prioritized samples; and a management strongly committed to the program.
Internal Fixation with a Locking T-Plate for Proximal Humeral Fractures in Patients Aged 65 Years and Older
Authors: Yum Jae Kwang , Seong Min Kyu , Hong Chi Woon
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of internal fixation with locking T-plates for osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus in patients aged 65 years and older.METHODS: From January 2007 through to December 2015, we recruited 47 patients aged 65 years and older with osteoporotic fractures of the proximal humerus. All fractures had been treated using open reduction and internal fixation with a locking T-plate. We classified the fractures in accordance to the Neer classification system; At the final follow-up, the indicators of clinical outcome-the range of motion of the shoulder (flexion, internal rotation, and external rotation) and the presence of postoperative complications-and the indicators of radiographic outcome-the time-to-union and the neck-shaft angle of the proximal humerus-were evaluated. The Paavolainen method was used to grade the level of radiological outcome in the patients.RESULTS: The mean flexion was 155.0° (range, 90°?180°), the mean internal rotation was T8 (range, T6?L2), and the mean external rotation was 66.8° (range, 30°?80°). Postoperative complications, such as plate impingement, screw loosening, and varus malunion were observed in five patient. We found that all patients achieved bone union, and the mean time-to-union was 13.5 weeks of the treatment. The mean neck-shaft angle was 131.4° at the 6-month follow-up. According to the Paavolainen method, “good” and “fair” radiographic results each accounted for 38 and 9 of the total patients, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that locking T-plate fixation leads to satisfactory clinical and radiological outcomes in elderly patients with proximal humeral fractures by providing a larger surface area of contact with the fracture and a more rigid fixation.
Anatomical Locking Plate with Additional K-wire Fixation for Distal Clavicle Fracture
Authors: Nam Woo Dong , Moon Sung Hoon , Choi Ki Yong
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: Neer type II distal clavicle fractures have the drawback of coracoclavicular instability and insufficient distal bony fragment, thereby making it difficult to achieve adequate fixation. Although various surgical treatments have been described for Neer type II fracture, the optimal treatment remains controversial. This study reports the clinical results and usefulness of anatomical locking plate with additional K-wire fixation.METHODS: A totally of 21 patients with type II distal clavicle fracture were included in the study. The surgical procedure reduced the fracture temporarily; it included insertion of one or two K-wire from the lateral margin of the distal fragment to the proximal fragment through the fracture site, followed by application and fixation of the locking plate. The bony union and migration of K-wire was evaluated in the follow-up radiography. The coracoclavicular distance and acromioclavicular joint arthrosis were assessed at the final follow-up. The Constant Score (CS) and Korean Shoulder Score (KSS) were evaluated for clinical scoring.RESULTS: Bone union was achieved in all cases. At the final follow-up, coracoclavicular distance of the injured shoulder was increased, as compared to the intact shoulder (p=0.002), with no accompanying clinical symptoms. No K-wire migration was observed. At the final follow-up, K-wire irritation was observed in two cases and acromioclavicular arthrosis in one case, with no other adverse effects. Pain visual analogue scale, CS, and KSS were improved in all cases.CONCLUSIONS: The method of anatomical locking plate with additional K-wire fixation could be useful in achieving beneficial clinical results.
Overview of Various Measurement Tools for Shoulder Kinematics
Authors: Kim Doo Sup , On Myoung Gi , Yeom Jun Seop
Published: February 2020

Shoulder kinematics is important, as it is associated with shoulder arthropathy and pain mechanisms. Various static and dynamic analysis methods are prevalent for shoulder kinematics. These include 2-dimensional plane x-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, cadaver study, electromagnetic motion analysis, transcortical bone pins technique, and in vivo 3-dimensional motion analysis. Although these methods provide the value of the shoulder kinematics angle, they are unable to explain why such changes occur. Since each method has its pros and cons, it is important to understand all factors accurately, and to choose a method that best meets the purpose of the researcher.
Are the Anatomical Landmarks Adequate for Central Guide Insertion in Shoulder Arthroplasty?
Authors: Ji Jong Hun
Published: February 2020

No abstract available.
Another Assessment of Fat Degeneration of Retracted Supraspinatus Muscle
Authors: Jeong Yeon Seok , Yum Jae Kwang , Park Sang Yoon
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to assess the relevance of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation by occupation ratio (OR) at maximum diameter of supraspinatus muscle.METHODS: Patients from the Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital who received rotator cuff repair and underwent pre- and postoperative MRI were selected as subjects of this study. On T1-weighted MRIs, OR of fat and muscle at Y-shaped view, OR at a location on supraspinatus muscle where its diameter was maximum on coronal view, and pre- and postoperative Goutallier Classification and changes in the tangent sign were measured. Statistical significance of postoperative OR was assessed regarding time from symptom onset to surgery, size of rotator cuff tear, preoperative OR, and the difference between ORs measured at maximum diameter of supraspinatus muscle and Y-shaped view.RESULTS: Preoperative OR at Y-shaped view was 52.28 ± 8.57 (32.5?65.3). Preoperative OR difference between maximum diameter and Y-shaped view was 13.76 ± 10.51 (2.38?42.04), and Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.604 (p=0.001). Postoperative OR at Y-shaped view was 63.77 ± 9.35 (37.3?76.1). Pearson correlation coefficient of pre- and postoperative Goutallier Classification was ?0.579 (p=0.002) and Pearson correlation coefficient of the postoperative difference between ORs measured at maximum diameter of supraspinatus muscle and Y-shaped view was ?0.386 (p=0.047).CONCLUSIONS: Fatty degeneration of supraspinatus muscle in rotator cuff tear patients should be evaluated not only in the conventional Y-shaped view, but also at location of maximum diameter of supraspinatus muscle to establish patients' therapeutic plan.
The Radiologic Comparison of Operative Treatment Using a Hook Plate versus a Distal Clavicle Locking Plate of Distal Clavicle Fracture
Authors: Yoon Byungil , Kim Jae Yoon , Lee Jae Sung , Jung Hyoung Seok
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to compare the radiologic results of patients who underwent surgery with a hook plate and a locking plate in distal clavicle fractures.METHODS: Sixty patients underwent surgical treatment for Neer type IIa, IIb, III, and V distal clavicle fracture. Twenty-eight patients underwent fracture fixation with a hook plate and 32 with a locking plate. Coracoclavicular distance was measured on standard anteroposterior radiographs before and after the surgery, and union was confirmed by radiograph or computed tomography taken at 6 months postoperatively. Other radiologic complications like osteolysis was also checked.RESULTS: Bony union was confirmed in 59 patients out of 60 patients, and 1 patient in the hook plate group showed delayed union. Coracoclavicular distance was decreased more in the hook plate group after surgery (p < 0.01). After 6 weeks of the hook plate removal, the coracoclavicular distance was increased a little compared to before metal removal, but there was no difference compared to the contralateral shoulder. Eleven out of 28 patients (39.3%) showed osteolysis on the acromial undersurface in the hook plate group.CONCLUSIONS: Both the hook plate group and the locking plate group showed satisfactory radiologic results in distal clavicle fractures. Both hook plate and locking plate could be a good treatment option if it is used in proper indication in distal clavicle fracture with acromioclavicular subluxation or dislocation.
Subscapular and Pectoralis Major Sparing Deltopectoral Approach for Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Chung Young-Woo , Seo Jae-Woong , An Ki-Yong
Published: February 2020

In reverse ball shoulder replacement, surgery is usually performed using a deltopectoral approach or an anterosuperior transdeltoid approach. The deltopectoral approach is to incise the pectoralis major to upper 1/3 to 1/2, and subscapularis tendon should be removed at the lesser tuberosity of the humerus. This approach has the problem of breaking the shoulder deltoid instead of incising the rotator cuff. Therefore, we report a detailed procedure of reverse ball shoulder replacement using approach without incision of the pectoralis major muscle and subscapularis muscle.
Prospective Clinical Research of the Efficacy of Platelet-rich Plasma in the Outpatient-based Treatment of Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy
Authors: Lee Ho-Won , Choi Kyung-Ho , Kim Jung-Youn , Yang Ik , Noh Kyu-Cheol
Published: February 2020

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical outcomes of the control group and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) group among the patients who failed to respond to conservative treatment as outpatient-based therapy for rotator cuff tendinopathy, and to compare the clinical results of leukocyte-poor (LP) PRP and leukocyte-rich (LR) PRP.Methods: Inclusion criteria are (1) over 18-year-old, (2) patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy, no rotator cuff tear by radiologic diagnosis (ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging) within the last 3 months, and (3) not effective to conservative treatment for more than 1 month. Of the final 60 subjects, 33 patients in the exercise treatment group and 27 patients in the PRP injection group (LP-PRP, 13; LR-PRP, 14) were included. Clinical evaluation was carried out by assessing the outcomes of treatment using the Numeric Rating Scale pain score, the American Shoulder and Elbow Society (ASES) score, and the Constant score at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after the procedure.Results: There was a statistically significant difference in ΔASES3months (ASES3months-ASESfirst) score between the control and PRP groups (p=0.006). However, there was no statistical significance between LP-PRP and LR-PRP groups (p>0.05).Conclusions: This study showed that PRP injection was more effective than exercise therapy for the first 3 months. However, there was no difference between the LP-PRP group and the LR-PRP group. Regardless of the type of PRP, clinical application of PRP injection in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy seems to be effective in early treatment.
Factors Related to Preoperative Shoulder Pain in Patients with Atraumatic Painful Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Park In , Lee Hyo-Jin , Kim Sang-Ki , Park Min-Sik , Kim Yang-Soo
Published: February 2020

Background: Patients with rotator cuff tears are usually afflicted with shoulder pain and disability. However, it is unclear which factors are related to shoulder pain in patients with rotator cuff tears. This study was therefore undertaken to determine the factors correlated with shoulder pain in patients with painful rotator cuff tears, but without any history of trauma.Methods: We evaluated a cohort of 745 patients with painful rotator cuff tears having no trauma history, and analyzed the relationship between pain and multiple factors including demographic data, tear characteristics, and passive range of motion. Pain was analyzed with a questionnaire concerning the visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain. Tear characteristics were determined by evaluating tear size, muscle atrophy, number of torn tendons, and presence of arthritis. Multivariate linear regression analysis and chi-squared test were applied to evaluate the relationship between the VAS for pain and variable factors.Results: Shoulder pain was associated with young age (p=0.01), male sex (p=0.01) and the presence of diabetes mellitus (p<0.001). Measurements of rotator cuff tear characteristics including tear size (p=0.53), muscle atrophy (p=0.16) and the number of torn tendons (p=0.34) did not correlate with shoulder pain. Symptom duration (p=0.60) and range of motion (p>0.05) also showed no correlation with VAS for pain.Conclusions: Young age, male sex and the presence of diabetes mellitus correlated positively with preoperative shoulder pain in patients with painful rotator cuff tears without a trauma history. Combined treatment of pain management and risk factor correction could be helpful to control preoperative shoulder pain.
The Influence of Health Perception on Shoulder Outcome Measure Scores
Authors: Hardy Richard E. , Sungur Engin , Butler Christopher , Brand Jefferson C.
Published: February 2020

Background: Patient reported outcome measures assess clinical progress from the patient’s perspective. This study explored the relationship between shoulder outcome measures (The Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH], American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standard Shoulder Assessment score [ASES], and Constant score) by comparing the best possible scores obtained in an asymptomatic population compared to overall perception of health, as measured by the SF-36 outcome measure.Methods: Volunteers (age range, 20?69 years) with asymptomatic shoulders and no history of shoulder pain, injury, surgery, imaging, or pathology (bilaterally) were included. The DASH and ASES measures were completed by 111 volunteers (72 female, 39 male), of which 92 completed the Constant score (56 female, 36 male). The SF-36 was completed by all volunteers (level of evidence: IV case series).Results: The mean (x) score for ASES measure on the right shoulder was higher for the left-hand dominant side (x=100.00 vs. 95.02, p-value<0.001); no other significant differences. Better SF-36 scores were associated with better DASH scores. Our prediction models suggest that perception of overall health affects the DASH scores. Sex affected all three shoulder measures scores.Conclusions: Comparing scores of shoulder outcome measures to the highest possible score is not the most informative way to interpret patient progress. Variables such as health status, sex, and hand dominance need to be considered. Furthermore, it is possible to use these variables to predict scores of outcome measures, which facilitates the healthcare provider to deliver individualized care to their patients.
Analysis of Greater Tuberosity from the Center of the Humeral Head: Progression to Femoralization
Authors: Lee Jun-Seok , Song Hyun Seok , Kim Hyungsuk , Yoon Hyung Moon , Han Sung Bin
Published: February 2020

Background: Progression of the tear size and erosion of the greater tuberosity (femoralization) in the supraspinatus tear makes it difficult to repair or increases the risk of a re-tear. This study examined the proximal articular surface and greater tuberosity of the humeral head in plain radiography.Methods: Two-hundred forty-seven cases, whose anteroposterior (AP) radiographs were taken correctly, were included from 288 cases, in whom the status of the supraspinatus had been confirmed by surgery. After downloading the plain AP radiograph as DICOM, the radius of the circle apposed at the superior half of the articular surface of the head, and the distance between the circle and the farthest point of the greater tuberosity (‘height’ of the greater tuberosity) were calculated using the software (TechHime, Korea). MRI checked the number of torn tendons and degree of muscular atrophy.Results: The following were encountered: 93 intact supraspinatus, 50 partial-thickness tears, and 104 full-thickness tears. In the analysis using the 93 intact cases, the average radius of the rotation center was 25.3 mm in male and 22.3 mm in female. The average height of the greater tuberosity from the circle with the same rotation center was 4.3 mm in male and 4.2 mm in female with no statistical significance. The correlation between the reparability of supraspinatus and height of the greater tuberosity, fatty infiltration, and muscular atrophy was confirmed.Conclusions: The height of the greater tuberosity from the circle with the same rotation center was 4.3 mm in male and 4.2 mm in female. This height was strongly correlated with muscular atrophy and fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus tendon.
Mid-term Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Latissimus Dorsi Tendon Transfer in Massive Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Suh Dongwhan , Ji Jong-Hun , Tankshali Kirtan , Kim Eung-Sic
Published: February 2020

Background: This retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate mid-term clinical and radiological outcomes of lattisimus dorsi (LD) tendon transfer in patients with irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (MRCT). We hypothesize that LD tendon transfer would provide safe and satisfactory clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up.Methods: From November 2008 to December 2016, 23 patients (57.5 ± 4.4 years; 20 male, 3 female) who underwent LD tendon transfer for massive tears, were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were irreparable MRCT. Exclusion criteria included full thickness subscapularis tear, rotator cuff arthropathy, anterosuperior rotator cuff tear, and osteoarthritis. Mean follow-up period was 4.7 ± 4.0 years (range, 2?12 years). Clinical assessment (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES], University of California, Los Angeles [UCLA], Simple Shoulder Test [SST]) and radiographic assessment (osteoarthritis [OA], acromiohumeral distance [AHI]) were evaluated.Results: ASES, UCLA and SST scores, and range of motion (ROM), except internal rotation, improved significantly at the last follow-up (p<0.05). Also, AHI was significantly improved at the last follow-up, from 6.6 mm to 8.2 mm (p=0.008). At the final follow-up, the radiologic stages of the glenohumeral osteoarthritis were determined as stage 1 in 9 patients, stage 2 in 10 patients, stage 3 in 2 patients, and stage 4 in 2 patients. Complications were observed in 21.7% cases: 3 re-tears and 2 infections were noted in our study.Conclusions: LD tendon transfer for irreparable MRCT provides satisfactory clinical outcomes at mid-term follow-up. Mild degenerative osteoarthritis (stage 1, 2) of the shoulder joint are common at the mid-term follow-up. Also, complications such as tear, infection should be considered.
Innovation in Initial Teacher Education through a School–University Partnership
Authors: Young Kirsty
Published: February 2020

Global criticism on the quality of initial teacher education has led to calls for reform. One initiative that emerged in Australia was the establishment of Hub School partnerships, which facilitate collaborations between schools and universities to explore how initial teacher education could be improved. This paper reports one such partnership, which applied improvement science in its design to develop an ambitious approach to initial teacher education. A qualitative research approach aimed to uncover the outcomes of the project. The findings from the first prototype are reported herein and highlight the value in cross-faculty mentoring and in providing pre-service teachers opportunities for reflection while immersed in school settings.
Didática do Ensino Superior e a Lei 10.639/03 nos cursos de História do Ceará
Authors: Silva Joselina da , Paulo Adriano Ferreira de , Linhares Angela Maria Bessa
Published: February 2020

A lei 10.639/03 foi instituída há 15 anos, inserindo estudos sobre história e cultura africana e afro-brasileira, modificando a Lei de Diretrizes e bases da Educação no Brasil em todos os níveis de ensino, inclusive o superior. Para a aplicação desta lei, os ensinos de História, Literatura e Educação Artística estão na vanguarda das didáticas a serem apresentadas. Neste trabalho, vamos expor os dados de uma pesquisa realizada sobre a formação de professores de História nas duas maiores universidades públicas do Ceará, UFC e UECE, visando analisar como o ensino superior tem se adequado ao que pede a lei 10.639/03, como também propor as componentes curriculares em torno de Didática do Ensino Superior como possibilidade de aplicação da referida lei. Esta pesquisa é do tipo qualitativa, e tem como procedimentos metodológicos análises bibliográficas e documentais. Nossa fundamentação teórica está embasada em alguns autores como Alberti (2013), Candau (2000), Fischer (2009), Gomes (2017), Munanga (2005), Saviani (2003). Os resultados encontrados mostram um diferencial entre o escrito em seus Projetos Políticos e Pedagógicos e a oferta de componentes curriculares em suas grades semestrais, sendo que a UFC contempla em sua grade curricular  abordagens sobre a lei 10.639/03, enquanto que a UECE apresenta duas realidades distintas entre seus campus do interior e da capital do Ceará, sendo que os primeiros atendem de maneira adequada à legislação, enquanto que o curso de Fortaleza apresenta necessidades urgentes de implementação à temática de cultura africana e afro-brasileira para seus futuros historiadores. As aulas referentes às didáticas para o ensino superior, contudo, mostram-se uma possibilidade de inserção estratégica para as diretrizes legais.Com isso, concluímos que se faz necessária uma adequação efetiva, iniciando pelos registros formais nos Projetos Políticos e Pedagógicos de ambas universidades, como também um maior investimentos em aulas que visem uma formação multicultural no ensino de História.
Conhecimento histórico, Ditadura Civil Militar e Democracia : o que pensam alunos do Ensino Médio
Authors: Pina Maria Cristina Dantas , Aquino Maria Alessandra dos Santos
Published: February 2020

Este artigo propõe-se avaliar a o conhecimento histórico dos alunos do ensino médio sobre democracia e ditatura civil militar. Temas importantes na história política recente do Brasil e potentes para investigação da relação entre juventude e política. Estes conteúdos aparecem no currículo escolar, nos livros didáticos, nos filmes e em outras produções públicas. Buscou-se identificar quais conhecimentos os alunos detêm sobre Ditadura Civil Militar (1964/1985) e Democracia (a partir da Constituição de 1988) no Brasil. Especificamente, investigou-se como os alunos estabelecem relações entre dois contextos históricos e como utilizam as informações históricas para explicarem o passado e presente. O referencial teórico balizou-se nas formulações de Jörn Rüsen, Isabel Barca, Maria Auxiliadora Schmidt e Luís Fernando Cerri a respeito das categorias: consciência histórica, narrativa, cultura histórica e aprendizagem histórica. A metodologia pautou-se por critérios qualitativo e quantitativos. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário, em 2015, com alunos do 3º Ano do ensino médio, numa escola pública, em Vitória da Conquista/Ba. Para interpretação dos dados utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2009), elaborando-se tipologia que permitiu verificar e qualificar as diferentes estruturas narrativas. Os resultados apontaram para diferentes expressões das experiências temporais dos alunos com os contextos históricos, revelando, na maioria das narrativas, a carência de conteúdo histórico, a não valorização das informações das fontes para reflexão histórica, dificuldade de estabelecer relação temporal. Demonstraram que ainda não começaram a compreender a História e como a construção desse conhecimento pode ser útil para orientação da vida. As narrativas apontam, ainda, para um dos problemas percebidos no cotidiano da sala de aula de história, que é a dificuldade demonstrada pelo aluno de interpretação, compreensão e expressão por meio da produção de textos.
A Novel and Different Approach for the Synthesis of Quinoline Derivatives Starting Directly from Nitroarenes and Their Evaluation as Anti-Cancer Agents
Authors: Sultana Rizuana , Tippanna Ravinder Reddy
Published: February 2020

A series of new quinoline derivatives (6-phenyl-6H-chromeno, [4,3-b] quinoline) have been prepared by using 4-chloro-2-phenyl-2H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde and various substituted nitroarenes as starting materials in the presence of Tin (II) chloride dihydrate and ethanol. The conversion in this synthesis involves the following steps (i) reduction of nitroarenes to anilines, (ii) Coupling of the anilines, chromene aldehydes (iii) Cyclization of resulting species and (iv) dehydration of cyclic intermediates. Several new quinolones have been prepared. We screened eight compounds of this novel series (6a-r) in three different cancer cell lines (B16F10, MCF7 and A549). The screened compounds showed moderate anticancer activity on two of the studied cell lines with best IC50 values of compound 6i (6.10±1.23 µM) and 6m (8.21±2.31 µM) on MCF7 cells. The selected compounds 6i and 6m led to morphological changes after treatment on MCF7 cell line. Interestingly, detailed studies suggested that the compounds 6i and 6m induced apoptosis in MCF7 cells in an oxidative stress independent manner without causing necrosis. In addition, we found destabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential behind the observed anticancer activity. Our results clearly indicate the promising anticancer potential of this novel series. This method is operationally simple and works with a diverse range of substrates.