bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sanggenol L Induces Apoptotic Cell Death by Activating the Caspase/AIF/p53 Signaling Pathway in Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Pan Li , Hao Zhiqiang , Huang Wei , Yang Lu , Yu Guozheng
Published: December 2024

Background

Breast carcinoma is a deadly malignancy with a greater risk of morbidity and death, which has contributed significantly to the sharp rise in cancer cases. It has a recognized impartial effect on women. The need for a variety of treatment choices is prompted by the current therapy modules’ lack of effectiveness and adverse effects.

Purpose

In the present investigation, we examined the therapeutic value of Sanggenol L (San L) in human breast carcinoma cells. San L impacts on carcinoma of the breast cells are not fully understood in terms of its molecular and cellular pathways.

Methods

In order to assess the effectiveness of San L, this investigation employs a number of qualitative approaches, such as cytotoxicity analysis, sulforhodamine B (SRB), 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and cell cycle assessment, which were conducted using breast cancer BT-474 cells. Additionally, cell death caused by San L through caspase-dependent and independent apoptosis has been investigated with western blot analysis.

Results and Conclusion

San L therapy significantly diminished the ability of BT-474 breast carcinoma cells to proliferate and impeded colony formation while having no impact on HBL-100 normal breast epithelial cells in a dose- and time-dependent way. San L treatment resulted in cell cycle arrest and cell death in breast carcinoma cells, which were characterized by acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr), DAPI, and flow cytometry at time-dependent way. The present study also explained that the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) concentration of (21 and 17.3 µM/mL) San L treatment induced caspase-dependent apoptosis [enhanced the expression of Bax and decreased the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), procaspase-3, -8, and -9], stimulation of caspase-independent apoptosis [upregulation of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and endonuclease G (Endo G) on cytosol], and suppression of cell cycle [downstairs regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1/2 (CDK1/2), cyclin D1, cyclin E, or upregulation of p53] in breast tumor cells. According to these findings, San L causes both caspase-dependent and independent apoptosis by triggering p53 in breast carcinoma cells.
Investigating insertional code-mixing in Italian migrants in the United Kingdom: A comparative approach
Authors: Di Salvo Margherita
Published: December 2024

Aims:

This article investigates English lexical insertions in a corpus collected with first- and second-generation Italian migrants in two English cities, namely Bedford and Cambridge. It aims to establish whether, and to what extent, two Italian heritage communities share the same patterns of language alternation.

Methodology/approach:

I describe the frequency and type of lexical insertions to verify whether the study of lexical insertions or insertions of multiword units can shed light on the linguistic repertoire of each of the communities. The two Italian communities share many social features but differ in the ways Italians integrated or not into the host society.

Data analysis:

The dataset used for this contribution was collected through qualitative interviews with Italian migrants belonging to three different generations: first, second, and intermediate generations. The corpus used in this paper consists of approximately 50 hours of speech (35 hours for Bedford and 15 hours for Cambridge). I correlated the insertions of single lexemes with semantic and pragmatic specificity from a quantitative and qualitative perspective.

Conclusions/results:

The results provided evidence that insertion is first influenced by specificity as already Backus argued. External parameters such as migrants’ employment, ethnic composition of the social network, the size of the migrant community, and its social visibility do not, therefore, affect the borrowability of the lexemes belonging to specific domains, the frequency of which leads to their entrenchment as English lexemes even when speakers adopt the monolingual mode in Italian or dialect. The two communities do, however, differ in terms of the matrix language into which the English insertion is embedded: Italians prefer Italian as the matrix language in Cambridge but not in Bedford.

Originality:

The study confirms how similar Italian communities can be characterized by different linguistic usage and by a different linguistic repertoire.
Digital Zines as Mental and Sexual Health Communication Tools for Latina Teens: Format and Content Acceptability and Initial Findings
Authors: Lilly Jenn M. , Almanzar D’Andrah , Pace Susan R. , Bryant Dante D.
Published: December 2024

Recognizing the potential of digital zines (defined as self-published, online publications combining artwork and text) as culturally tailored health communication tools, this article examines the acceptability and impacts of two digital zines about mental and sexual health created by Latina young people for Latina teens as a health communication strategy. We conducted an anonymous online survey completed by Latina teens who read the zines (32 for sexual health and 33 for mental health). Data analysis aimed to explore, summarize, and interpret the collected data using an artificial intelligence (AI)-enhanced approach. Survey participants found the zine format and content acceptable and engaging with the zines had several positive impacts on Latina teens, influencing their emotions, knowledge, and perspectives. The digital zines resonated with Latina teens, providing accessible and engaging content for exploring sexual and mental health topics. This study resulted in valuable insights into the use of AI-enhanced approaches to data analysis and the potential effectiveness of digital zines as a health communication strategy among Latina teens. However, further validation through larger-scale studies with more robust methodologies is needed. Our findings show that zines can be leveraged as an effective health communication tool among Latina teens, providing preliminary evidence that can be used to support zine development and dissemination initiatives within additional communities.
Improving Team  Adaptive Performance Through Team  Cohesion: An Integrated Team Level Framework
Authors: Ejaz Hina , Shafique Imran , Qammar Ahmad
Published: December 2024

The objective of this research is to investigate the link between team cohesion and team adaptive performance (TAP) directly and via team ambidexterity. This research also examines the moderating effect of team empowerment climate on the link between team cohesion and TAP. Data were collected through a time-lagged design (two waves) from a sample of 62 teams consisting of 296 software developers working in the software development industry in Pakistan. The team-level hypothesised framework was analysed through Hayes’ PROCESS Macro using SPSS. The results revealed that team cohesion positively influences TAP directly, as well as via team ambidexterity. Moreover, the results also reveal that team empowerment climate positively moderates the direct association between team cohesion and TAP. This study implies that the managers of software houses should enable software developers to address challenging and uncertain situations by promoting high-quality relationships among team members and by supporting a perception of an empowered climate within teams. This study makes an important contribution to the nascent literature on TAP by highlighting team cohesion as a predecessor of TAP and by examining employee ambidexterity as a mechanism in this relationship.
Superior persistence of ustekinumab compared to anti-TNF in vedolizumab-experienced inflammatory bowel diseases patients: a real-world cohort study
Authors: Chiu Horng-Yih , Kuo Chia-Jung , Lai Ming-Wei , Wu Ren-Chin , Chen Chien-Ming , Chiu Cheng-Tang , Pan Yu-Bin , Chiu Cheng-Hsun , Le Puo-Hsien
Published: December 2024

Background/Aims

The increasing use of biologic therapies for moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) highlights the importance of optimal treatment sequencing, particularly after vedolizumab (VDZ) exposure. Studies comparing the effectiveness of ustekinumab (UST) and antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) agents post-VDZ are limited.

Methods

This retrospective study analyzed VDZ-experienced IBD patients treated with UST or anti-TNF (adalimumab and infliximab) from May 2019 to January 2024. We conducted a comparative analysis of the 52-week treatment persistence between UST and anti-TNF therapies, while also identifying independent predictors that influence 52-week persistence.

Results

The study included 110 participants, with 40 diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 70 with Crohn’s disease (CD). Demographics were comparable across treatment groups. The primary discontinuation reason for VDZ was secondary non-response. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that UST demonstrated superior 52-week persistence in overall IBD, CD and UC patients, compared to anti-TNF. Cox regression analysis also showed UST’s superiority in overall IBD (HR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.05–0.45, p < 0.001), CD (HR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.01–0.68, p = 0.02), and UC (HR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.08–0.996, p = 0.049). The independent predictors for 52-week treatment persistence are Crohn’s disease (Odds Ratio: 7.151, 95% CI: 1.763–28.995, p = 0.006) and UST treatment (Odds Ratio: 7.912, 95% CI: 1.789–34.992, p = 0.006). Notably, UST required more frequent dosing adjustments than anti-TNF, although both treatments exhibited comparable safety profiles.

Conclusions

UST demonstrated superior 52-week treatment persistence in IBD patients previously treated with VDZ compared to anti-TNF agents, albeit with a need for more frequent dose adjustments.
Onco-mNGS facilitates rapid and precise identification of the etiology of fever of unknown origin: a single-centre prospective study in North China
Authors: Liu Bingbing , Yu Tengfei , Ren Ruotong , Wu Na , Xing Nanshu , Wang Jingya , Wu Wenjie , Cao Xuefang , Zhang Jingping
Published: December 2024

Objectives

Delayed diagnosis of patients with Fever of Unknown Origin has long been a daunting clinical challenge. Onco-mNGS, which can accurately diagnose infectious agents and identify suspected tumor signatures by analyzing host chromosome copy number changes, has been widely used to assist identifying complex etiologies. However, the application of Onco-mNGS to improve FUO etiological screening has never been studied before.

Methods

In this single-centre prospective study, we included 65 patients with classic FUO, who were randomly divided into control group (sample cultivation) and mNGS group (cultivation + Onco-mNGS). We analyzed the infectious agents and symbiotic microbiological, tumor and clinical data of both groups.

Results

Infection-related pathogenic detection efficiency rose from 25% (control group) to 48.48% (experimental group). Seven patients with chromosome copy number changes had later been confirmed tumors, indicating a 100% of clinical concordance rate of Onco-mNGS for tumors. In addition, the time frame for diagnosing or ruling out infection/tumor with Onco-mNGS had greatly reduced to approximately 2 days, which was 7.34 days earlier than that in the control group.

Conclusions

Onco-mNGS is an ideal rapid diagnostic aid to assist improving the early diagnostic efficiency of FUO-associated diseases.
(1, 3)-beta-D-Glucan in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid: a useful biomarker in diagnosis of invasive pulmonary infection caused by Hormographiella aspergillata?
Authors: Ye Haiyan , He Jinhui , Huang Jing , Chu Patrick , Liu Junru , Poon Rosana Wing-Shan , Xing Fanfan , Lo Simon Kam-Fai , Lau Ricky Wing-Tong , Chan Jasper Fuk-Woo , Lau Susanna Kar-Pui , Chiu Kelvin Hei-Yeung
Published: December 2024

Hormographiella aspergillata is a rare hyaline mold causing invasive fungal infection in humans, until the frequent use of antifungal prophylaxis in immunocompromised hosts. Due to the high mortality of H. aspergillata infection, early recognition and treatment are crucial. Previous case reports suggested that serum (1,3)-beta-D-Glucan (BG) is one of the diagnostic aids for H. aspergillata infection. Here we report for the first time a case of pulmonary H. aspergillata infection with a negative serum BG but positive bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) BG. This may suggest that BAL BG is a useful and additional microbiological marker for prompt identification of this fatal invasive fungal infection (IFI). But it should be interpreted together with the clinical presentation, imaging, and other laboratory results.
Bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm presenting with hemoptysis and hemothorax after pulmonary lobectomy: a case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Wei-Hao , Jin Cheng-Yan , Qi Xiao , Zhang Guang-Xin
Published: December 2024

Background

Bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare vascular disorder, and cases of bronchial pseudoaneurysms reported after lung surgery are even rarer. The number of reported cases is very limited due to the unclear pathogenesis, lack of diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines, and nonspecific clinical manifestations.

Case presentation

The paper reports a case of a patient with primary lung adenocarcinoma who developed hemoptysis, chest and back pain, and right hemothorax after lobectomy. Due to the lack of experience in treatment, we suspected that the above symptoms were caused by postoperative broncho-vascular fistula. The second thoracotomy and bronchoscopy examination did not reveal any obvious hemorrhage or fistula, and a subsequent bronchial arteriography confirmed the presence of a pseudoaneurysm in the right main bronchial artery. Later, the patient underwent transcatheter bronchial artery embolization and was followed up for half of a year after the operation without experiencing any of the previously mentioned symptoms.

Conclusions

The case reports the successful cure of bronchial artery pseudoaneurysm after pulmonary lobectomy through bronchial artery embolization.
Evans syndrome as a presentation in systemic lupus erythematous, coexisting with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and pernicious anemia: a case report
Authors: Mansour Maryam , Shamasnah Arwa , Alsaadi Deema , Abu Saif Saja , krama Akram
Published: December 2024

Background

Evans syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the simultaneous or sequential combination of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immunological thrombocytopenia, together with a positive direct antiglobulin test. This syndrome, which can be primary or secondary, is a rare initial manifestation of autoimmune diseases, notably systemic lupus erythematosus, with 1.7–2.7% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus developing secondary Evans syndrome, sometimes preceding the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus symptoms.

Case presentation

A 47-year-old Middle Eastern female presented with symptoms including shortness of breath, chest pain, and weakness. Physical examination revealed pallor, pale conjunctiva, icteric sclera, tachycardia, and tachypnea. She was diagnosed with Evans syndrome owing to hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and a positive Coombs test, where initial resistance to treatment prompted intensive therapy with methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and rituximab. Subsequent identification of systemic lupus erythematosus on the basis of positive anti-nuclear antibodies and anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies led to treatment with mycophenolate mofetil and hydroxychloroquine. Further evaluations uncovered Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and pernicious anemia, necessitating thyroxine supplementation and vitamin B12 injections.

Conclusion

Hematologic abnormalities play a crucial role in the diagnostic framework of systemic lupus erythematosus. This case highlights a patient initially diagnosed with Evans syndrome, revealing an underlying systemic lupus erythematosus. The presentation underscores the significance of hematologic manifestations as integral components of the diagnostic framework for autoimmune diseases, emphasizing the intricate relationship between Evans syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Dynamics of affect modulation in neurodevelopmental disorders (DynAMoND) – study design of a prospective cohort study
Authors: Bayas Maximilian , Kockler Tobias D. , Ramos-Quiroga Josep Antoni , Caller Silvia Muñoz , Fadeuilhe Christian , de Girolamo Giovanni , Iozzino Laura , D’Addazio Miriam , Haavik Jan , Halmøy Anne , Hellum Karin Schiøler , Kolle Joakim Njaastad , Osnes Berge , Lundervold Astri J. , Perroud Nader , Hasler Roland , De Almeida Mélanie Teixeira , Ebner-Priemer Ulrich W. , Thanarajah Sharmili Edwin , Schiweck Carmen , Matura Silke , Repple Jonathan , Reif Andreas , Aichholzer Mareike
Published: December 2024

Background

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neuro-developmental disorder that often persists into adulthood. Moreover, it is frequently accompanied by bipolar disorder (BD) as well as borderline personality disorder (BPD). It is unclear whether these disorders share underlying pathomechanisms, given that all three are characterized by alterations in affective states, either long or short-term. BD is characterized by infrequent but intense mood shifts, while ADHD and BPD involve more dynamic emotional fluctuations. It is yet to be determined whether these disorders represent distinct phenomena or different points on a spectrum of affective dysregulation.

Methods

This study seeks to distinguish the emotional dysregulation of BPD, ADHD, and BD by using digital phenotyping, a measurement burst electronic-diary method with different sampling rates, and accelerometry to measure participants’ activity. Our study will include 480 participants aged 14 to 50 (120 each from BPD, ADHD, BD, and healthy control groups) from five European sites. Participants’ smartphones will provide continuous data on their digital phenotypes, i.e., by indicators of physical activity and communication, for one year, along with daily evening ratings of mood and sleep. Moreover, five intensive measurement periods of five days each, called measurement bursts, will occur throughout the year, with electronic diaries asking participants to report on mood, self-esteem, impulsivity, life events, social interactions, and dysfunctional behaviors ten times a day. Moreover, participants will wear activity sensors during the five measurement bursts. Statistical analysis aims to identify whether affective dysregulation aspects share or differ across disorders. Specifically, data analysis aims to investigate the differences in parameters of affect fluctuation such as attractor strength and variability between disorders and to test the association of genetic risk factors for psychiatric disorders and resilience factors with critical parameters of affect modulation.

Discussion

The results of this study offer the potential to link patients’ external exposures with their affective state, reduce misdiagnosis, and determine the best timing for therapeutic interventions. Potential limitations of the study include insufficient recruitment of patients and drop-outs due to various protocol violations.

Trial registration

Study code: DRKS00028917, registered 27.07.2022, https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00028917.
Approach to the Patient With Thyroid Cancer: Selection and Management of Candidates for Lobectomy
Authors: Robenshtok Eyal , Bachar Gideon , Ritter Amit
Published: December 2024

Thyroid lobectomy has gained increasing popularity over the past decade as a treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer, largely due to a rise in the diagnosis of low-risk cancers and evidence showing no benefit from radioiodine in low-risk disease. Multiple studies have confirmed lobectomy as an effective and safe option. Its advantages over total thyroidectomy include lower complication rates and a reduced need for lifelong levothyroxine (LT4) therapy. Recent research has broadened the indications for lobectomy, extending its use to patients with contralateral benign nodules and several “adverse” histological features, such as minimal extrathyroidal extension, small lymph node metastases, or multifocality—provided these are of minimal size. For patients with follicular thyroid carcinoma, who typically undergo surgery for Bethesda III-IV cytology, minimally invasive disease should be treated with lobectomy alone. In patients with angioinvasion, the risk of metastasis increases with the number of vessels involved (>2-3 vessels), larger tumor size, and advanced patient age. Following surgery, current evidence supports a TSH target within the normal range, reducing the need for LT4 treatment to only 30% of patients. Follow-up is based on neck ultrasound because thyroglobulin levels have limited value in detecting recurrence. In cases where further treatment is required, completion thyroidectomy is as safe as upfront total thyroidectomy. Overall, lobectomy is the preferred treatment option for many, if not most, differentiated thyroid cancer patients with low to low-intermediate risk disease, offering lower complication rates, reduced need for LT4 therapy, and excellent long-term outcomes.
Enemies of the People
Authors: Toews Gerhard , Vézina Pierre-Louis
Published: December 2024

The Soviet regime forcedly sent millions of enemies of the people, i.e. the educated elite considered a threat to the regime, to Gulag camps across the USSR. We use this large-scale episode of terror as a natural experiment to provide evidence on the long-run persistence of human capital across generations and its effect on economic growth. We combine archive data from the Gulag with the 2018 Russian firm census to show that areas around camps with a larger share of enemies among camp prisoners are more prosperous today, as captured by firms' wages and profits, and night lights per capita. (JEL D22, J24, J82, N34, N94, P31, R12)
GTT inclusão e diferença
Authors: Fonseca Michele
Published: December 2024

O Colégio Brasileiro de Ciências do Esporte (CBCE) é uma entidade científica importante no campo da Educação Física. Este artigo objetiva apresentar as principais questões presentes historicamente na produção acadêmica do Grupo de Trabalho Temático (GTT) Inclusão e Diferença e apontar caminhos que podem se seguir para fortalecer as ideias construídas ao longo desse tempo de existência do GTT no Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências do Esporte (CONBRACE) e Congresso Internacional de Ciências do Esporte (CONICE), vinculados ao CBCE. Nota-se uma ênfase histórica de trabalhos envolvendo a questão da deficiência, porém nos últimos anos observa-se uma ampliação do debate no GTT envolvendo uma compreensão mais social da deficiência bem como diálogo com outros marcadores sociais a diferença.
Complex Borrowed Nouns and Their Status in Modern Communication
Authors: Osil'bekova Daniya
Published: December 2024

Introduction. The relevance of the problem of the status of foreign-language composites is due to their active borrowing by the Russian language, their use in various spheres of communication and their influence on the wordformation system of the Russian language. They are not always included in the Russian language as compound words.

Aim. Determining of the conditions for assigning borrowed nouns to complex words.

Methodology and research methods. The main content of the article is the analysis of the adaptation of the components of borrowed complex Anglicisms in modern Russian. The research uses methods of linguistic observation and description, etymological analysis. Results. The conducted research has shown that English compounds can be borrowed as complex words and as simple ones, but as their use grows in various spheres of speech communication, they are usually perceived by communicants as complex words. Their status of complex words is due to the assimilation of components: 1) using as independent words; 2) presence in a number of other loan words; 3) writing with a hyphen; 4) the ability to be the basis stems for creating new Russian words.

Scientific novelty. The concept of "complex borrowing" has been clarified and the main conditions of this status have been defined.

Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the practice of compiling dictionaries of foreign words, morphemic and word-formation dictionaries of the Russian language.
Unlocking the Power of Cinnamon
Authors: Kulicka Joanna , Bychowski Mateusz , Kwaśna Julia , Załęska Adrianna , Kaźmierczyk Izabela , Lenart Kacper , Górski Mateusz , Homza Michał , Zakrzewska Natalia , Bednarek Szymon
Published: December 2024

Cinnamon, a widely used spice, has gained attention for its therapeutic properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. This review synthesizes current evidence on cinnamon's potential health benefits, particularly in managing metabolic, cardiovascular, dermatological, neurological, and reproductive health conditions. A systematic search of databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus was conducted using keywords such as "cinnamon," "cinnamaldehyde," "antioxidants," and "type 2 diabetes." A total of 32 studies were selected, covering preclinical studies, clinical trials, and reviews.
The review focuses on bioactive compounds in cinnamon, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and polyphenols, which help reduce oxidative stress, modulate immune responses, and improve metabolic parameters. Cinnamon also shows promise in promoting skin health, enhancing wound healing, and supporting reproductive health, especially in conditions like PCOS. However, most studies are based on animal models or in vitro experiments, with limited human clinical trials. More rigorous clinical research is needed to confirm cinnamon’s efficacy, safety, and appropriate dosages for long-term use.
In conclusion, while preclinical data is promising, further human studies are crucial to fully establish cinnamon’s therapeutic potential.
The influence of fasting periods on slowing brain aging and preserving cognitive functioning
Authors: Mandziuk Aneta , Cygnarowicz Aleksandra , Turemka Mariola , Korotko Urszula , Zabojska Krystyna , Wojtas Aneta Klaudia , Witowska Kinga , Biskupski Mikołaj , Hosseinnejad Negar , Sacher Karolina
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE OF THIS WORK
Advanced age is a significant risk factor for the onset of cognitive decline. Nutritional interventions, including caloric restriction (CR) and intermittent fasting (IF), have garnered considerable attention for their potential neuroprotective effects. Emerging evidence suggests that these dietary approaches may attenuate age-related neurological deterioration. This review explores the mechanisms through which intermittent fasting may enhance cognitive function.
METHODS AND MATERIALS
For this review, we used the literature available in PubMed, searching the following keywords: “brain aging”, “cognition and diet”;”neuroprotection”;“caloric restriction”;“neuroplasticity”. The search results were limited to studies from 2005 to 2024, as well as key studies from earlier years. Authors took into consideration articles originally written in English. In the end, 25 articles were included in this review.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE KNOWLEDGE
In recent decades, advancements in medical science and increased public awareness regarding health-promoting behaviors have contributed to a rise in life expectancy, leading to a growing elderly population. Consequently, the role of modifiable factors, such as dietary patterns, is proven to be an important elements which contributes to delaying brain aging.
CONCLUSIONS
The review indicates the evidence supporting the positive effects of intermittent fasting (IF) on cognitive function remains lacking. Nonetheless, numerous promising mechanisms have been identified but in short-term studies, suggesting potential benefits in mitigating cognitive decline. These findings underscore the necessity for longitudinal studies to comprehensively evaluate the long-term effects of IF on cognitive health.
Profesor doktor habilitowany medycyny Romuald Wiesław Gutt (1921-1988) w źródłach archiwalnych i wspomnieniach
Authors: Kierzek Andrzej
Published: December 2024

Profesor zwyczajny doktor habilitowany nauk medycznych Romuald Wiesław Gutt był redaktorem naczelnym „Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny” w latach 1981-1988. W niniejszym artykule zrelacjonowano jego czasy szkolne i studenckie na Uniwersytecie Warszawskim i Uniwersytecie Jagiellońskim z uwzględnieniem działalności publicystycznej w czasie studiów. Wspomniano udział w wojnie obronnej w 1939, która doprowadziła do jego kalectwa, oraz lata okupacji. Zanalizowano jegodrogę zawodową i naukową w medycynie wewnętrznej i hematologii w licznych placówkach szpitalnych oraz laboratoryjnych Śląska i Warszawy. Szczegółowej analizie poddano jego osiągnięcia naukowe jako kierownika placówek historii medycyny w akademiach medycznych we Wrocławiu i w Szczecinie. Ukazano jego liczne problemyzdrowotne i rodzinne, które były przyczyną częstych zmian pracy. Przybliżono też jego działalność naukową napolu historii medycyny, którą proponował nazywać terminem „rozwój myśli lekarskiej”. Pokazano go jako autora kilkunastu książek, z których najważniejsze to: Dzieje nauki o krwi, Historia patologii w XIX wieku, Propedeutyka Lekarska; ponadto jako autora kilkuset publikacji naukowych oraz błyskotliwych prac publicystycznych. Profesor Gutt – lekarz praktyk, historyk, filozof, miłośnik muzyki i literatury, erudyta, wykładowca uwielbiany przez studentów, członek wielu kolegiów i towarzystw naukowych – pozostawił po sobie swój sposób patrzenia na historię medycyny, co przedstawiono w zakończeniu pracy.
Profesor doktor habilitowany medycyny Andrzej Stefan Śródka (1946-2022)
Authors: Gryglewski Ryszard
Published: December 2024

Tekst biograficzny ukazujący sylwetkę, karierę zawodową, wkład do nauki polskiej oraz pasje i zainteresowania jednego z czołowych polskich historyków nauki, wieloletniego kierownika Katedry Historii Medycyny UJ CM i profesora Instytutu Historii Nauki PAN im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów w Warszawie, autora klasycznego dziś opracowania Uczeni polscy XIX-XX stulecia – prof. dr. hab. Andrzeja Śródki.
Problemy badawcze pierwszych wydawców i autorów „Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny” (do roku 1939)
Authors: Urbanek Bożena
Published: December 2024

Artykuł jest próbą ukazania narodzin unikatowego polskiego pisma „Archiwum Historii i Filozofii Medycyny” oraz kształtowania jego niebanalnej tematyki aż do czasów II wojny światowej. Przedstawia rolę twórców i wydawców, a zwłaszcza jego autorów, znawców zagadnienia, w tym naukowców związanych z ośrodkami kształcenia kadry lekarskiej w kraju. Autorka stara się zasygnalizować najczęściej poruszaną w piśmie tematykę, interesującą środowisko medyczne. Pokazuje trudne warunki rozwoju czasopisma, a pośrednio i odbiór tej problematyki.
Environmental Assessment of Ukraine's Lithium Reserves: Industrial Opportunities and Impact on Sustainable Development
Authors: Logvinenko B.
Published: December 2024

Lithium is a key element in modern energy and electronics, particularly in the production of rechargeable batteries for electric vehicles and energy storage systems. Ukraine possesses significant lithium reserves, which could become a strategic resource for the country's economic development. However, the extraction of any mineral resources is a complex process that impacts the environment, requires large amounts of resources, and can cause significant ecological losses. Despite modern technologies and methods allowing for the minimization of this impact, it still remains significant. Therefore, this study was conducted, aimed at the environmental assessment of Ukraine's lithium deposits, analysis of their industrial potential, and subsequent impact on sustainable development. A detailed analysis of four major deposits was carried out, focusing on ore quality and the content of harmful impurities. The qualitative and quantitative content of these impurities was determined and compared with other large global deposits. For Ukraine, which has the potential to utilize cleaner sources of lithium with lower contents of heavy metals and radioactive elements, there is an opportunity to develop effective and environmentally sustainable extraction methods. This includes implementing strategies for the rational use of resources, investing in the latest technologies, and actively collaborating with international experts to exchange best practices in environmentally friendly extraction. Through this, Ukraine has every chance to become an example of a responsible approach to mining activities, taking into account the demands of modern environmental challenges. The author outlines directions for further research, including: the development of the lithium industry in Ukraine requires the integration of innovative technologies for reducing environmental impact, a comprehensive assessment of social impact, the introduction of environmental monitoring systems and the adaptation of international experience for the sustainable development of the industry.
Seasonal Variations in the Microbial and Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil in Tiruppathur District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Senthilkumar Moorthy , Ansari Abubacker Thaminum
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: This study investigates seasonal variations in the microbial and physico-chemical properties of soil in the Ambur, Vaniyambadi, and Pernambut taluks, regions in Tiruppathur District, India impacted by tannery effluents. Soil samples, collected during both the wet and dry seasons of 2021, were analysed for microbial contamination and key physico-chemical factors. The microbial analysis detected Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with higher microbial counts observed in the wet season, likely due to runoff from tannery waste. Physico-chemical analysis showed slightly alkaline soil (pH 6.81 to 8.91), with more pronounced alkalinity in the dry season. Electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 2297.3 µS/cm to 4300 µS/cm, peaking in the dry season due to the concentration of salts from evaporation. Elevated levels of phosphorus, calcium carbonate, and heavy metals such as chromium, lead, zinc, and nickel were detected, particularly in the dry season. These findings indicate significant soil contamination from tannery effluents, leading to soil degradation and posing potential risks to both the environment and public health. The study highlights the urgent need for effective waste management and treatment to mitigate the adverse effects of tannery effluents on soil and surrounding ecosystems. Seasonal variations further emphasize the importance of targeted measures to reduce contamination, especially during the dry season. Future research should focus on sustainable waste disposal solutions and evaluate the long-term ecological impacts of tannery-related pollution.
Development and Evaluation of a Solid Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System Containing Cilostazol Using the Spray Drying Technique
Authors: Patil Moreshwar , Yadav Ankita , Mogal Rajendra , Shaikh Mahevish , Lalsare Sulabha , Kshirsagar Sanjay
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: A robust self-emulsifying formulation containing cilostazol was produced by mixing hydrophilic surfactants with oil. Considering cilostazol's limited solubility and bioavailability, it was crucial to employ suitable formulation ingredients and methods to enhance the solubility and rate of dissolution of drug. The self-emulsifying system was developed using Tween 80, Polyethylene glycol 400, and Oleic acid, as determined by preliminary study. The microemulsion zone was identified by constructing pseudoternary phase diagrams. The spray drying process employed a liquid system comprising of an adsorbent (Aerosil 200) in a 1:1 ratio. The system was evaluated for in-vitro dissolution, % drug content, and emulsification time. Characterization of prepared system was done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Particle size, Zeta potential, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The improved formulation had a particle size of 243.8 nm, with 96.52% of the drug being entrapped. Moreover, after one hour, it demonstrated a drug release of 98.01%, exceeding that of the pure drug, potentially attributable to the enhanced surfactant content that reduces both dispersion time and particle size. The drug was successfully converted from crystalline state to an amorphous form and was confirmed by XRD. The spray-dried particles exhibited a smoother surface and confirmed by SEM. The DSC thermogram indicated the absence of a melting endotherm in the system, suggesting that the drug was in an amorphous state and evenly dispersed.
Innovative Strategies for Termite Management: Development and Evaluation of Effective Baits against Anacanthotermes turkestanicus
Authors: Togaev Ulugbek , Turaev Abboskhon S. , Mathur Vartika , Tilyabaev Zoitjon , Zhaloliddinov Fazliddin , Turageldiyev Shukhrat , Shakirzyanova Gulnara , Khashimova Muhabbat , Rustamov Kahramon , Matchanov Alimjan
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Anacanthotermes turkestanicus is a termite species that causes significant damage to wooden structures, cultural heritage sites, and agricultural facilities in Central Asia. Traditional chemical control methods, such as the use of synthetic insecticides, pose environmental risks and often provide only temporary relief. This study explores the development and application of innovative termite bait systems specifically targeting A. turkestanicus. Laboratory and field trials demonstrated the effectiveness of these baits in achieving up to 100% termite mortality. The use of local plant materials such as poplar sawdust and termite sternal gland extracts enhanced bait attractiveness and efficacy, making them a sustainable alternative to conventional methods. These findings suggest that bait-based termite management strategies could provide a more environmentally friendly and effective solution for controlling Anacanthotermes turkestanicus populations in arid regions, reducing the dependency on broad-spectrum chemical insecticides.
Machine Learning Optimization Approach to Design Multi-Epitope Marburg Vaccine Construct
Authors: Suyash Shreyansh , Khan Wajihul Hasan , Maitra Priyasha , Jangid Vinod , Punia Parveen , Mishra Avinash
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The Marburg virus (MARV) causes severe hemorrhagic fevers with life-threatening symptoms. A study aimed to design a multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) using immunoinformatic approaches for treatment for MARV infection. A comprehensive screening procedure was used to identify immunogenic protein sequences within seven crucial proteins from MARV that could trigger T-cell and B-cell responses. A computational analysis of these epitopes showed a non-allergenic nature and significant antigenicity, validating the structural parameters. The final construct of virus-like particle (VLP) was used for mutation using machine-learning model. A machine learning model, DeepPurpose framework was developed and trained to screen out the best vaccine construct/VLP sequence among all the generated sequences. Best variant VLP had the predicted IC50 of 0.021 nM with the receptor TLR4. Model structures of the native and mutant VLP with prediction confidence scores of 96.2% and 88.5% were selected for molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation to assess stability. RMSD of native construct ranged from 1.75 to 2 nm, while variant had 1.5 to 1.75 nm which was lower than the wild type, suggesting more stable conformation. The VLPs when bound with the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), plays a role in innate immunity. Designed VLP-TLR4 complex showed high stability post MD simulation of 500 ns and had strong average binding free energy (ΔG) of -520.13 (kcal/mol). The vaccine's stability helps it trigger a tailored immune response, making it an attractive candidate for viral neutralization strategies. The study showed a computational pipeline for designing and validating MARV multi-epitope vaccines using physics and machine learning. Additionally, the variant VLP exhibited favourable properties, suggesting its potential suitability for experimental validation, which could provide valuable insights. Nonetheless, the present study relies on in silico methodologies instead of in vivo or in vitro investigations, which is a limitation. This approach has promising applicability in the design of novel peptide vaccines against the MARV.
Homology Modelling and Molecular Docking Studies of Spike Protein in SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Ambedkar Rahul Dev , Garg Amar P. , Mago Payal
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has posed substantial global health challenges, highlighting the urgent need for effective antiviral treatments. This study utilizes homology and molecular docking to identify potential natural compound inhibitors targeting the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The spike protein sequence was sourced from the Swiss-Prot database and modeled using MODELLER 10.3, employing templates from the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The constructed model underwent validation via Ramachandran plot analysis and MolProbity scores, confirming its reliability for subsequent analyses. Virtual screening of database was performed using AutoDock Vina. Compounds exhibiting the highest binding affinities were subjected to MD simulations to evaluate their stability. Tetrandrine (L1) and Tubocurarine (L2) emerged as the top candidates, with Tetrandrine demonstrating the lowest binding energy and the best fit. The ADMET properties of these compounds were assessed using SwissADME, affirming their drug-like potential. Molecular dynamics simulations further substantiated the stability of the Tetrandrine-spike protein complex, revealing significant interactions. This study identifies Tetrandrine as a promising inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2, warranting further exploration for antiviral drug development.
Precision Agriculture Monitoring System
Authors: Naidu Kuriti Jogi , Babu Kannipamula Vijaya , Sai Chinthala Roshitha Charan , Ganesh Pediredla , Sai Tenkani Gowtham , Naidu Nadupuru Somendhra , Praneeth Chargundla , Sumanth Gudimalla
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Smart agriculture systems leverage advanced versions such as the Internet of Things, sensor networks, and data visualisation methods to optimize farming practices, improve crop yield, and reduce resource consumption. These systems integrate various sensors to monitor environmental parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and light intensity. The data which is collected data is analyzed in real-time to provide actionable insights for farmers, enabling precision agriculture. Automated irrigation systems can adjust watering schedules based on soil moisture levels, ensuring optimal water usage. Additionally, smart agriculture systems can include pest detection and weather forecasting capabilities, allowing for timely interventions and better risk management. By utilizing these technologies, farmers can enhance productivity, minimize waste, and promote sustainable farming practices, ultimately contributing to food security and environmental conservation. The paper's feature involves creating a system that can monitor temperature, humidity, moisture, and animal movement in agricultural fields using Arduino sensors. It will send SMS and app notifications to the farmer's smartphone in case of any issues, using Wi-Fi/3G/4G.
Box-Behnken Design Assisted AQbD Approach for the Optimization and Quality Assessment of Ensitrelvir in Bulk and Dosage forms by RP-HPLC
Authors: B Sivagami , M V Dinesh , V Pavan Kumar , R Chandrasekar , A Sanjeeva Kumar , G Satheesh Kumar
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Ensitrelvir, is an oral SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease inhibitor that was approved in Japan to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections. This paper describes the AQbD approach and Box Behnken Design assisted development of a HPLC method and its validation for Ensitrelvir in bulk and dosage form. The three independent variables of the RP-HPLC method were flow rate, organic ratio in mobile phase and runtime and the responses retention time and tailing factor were taken as dependent variables. The study utilized a PLATSIL C18-EP column (4.6 x 250mm, 5µm) the chromatographic conditions were optimized using Acetonitrile: Triethylamine pH: 4 (60:40 mL) as the mobile phase, 1 mL/min as flow rate with a Rt of 9.609 min, at a λ max of 228 nm. The devised technique was found to be linear with a serial dilution of 10–50 μg/ml with (r2) of 0.991. The tailing factor (TF) and theoretical plates (N) were 1.28 and 4883 results indicated the system suitability test, respectively. The precision for Intraday and Interday were determined and % RSD was observed to be 1.6 and 0.9 %. The robustness values were below 2%. No other coeluting peaks were found with the Ensitrelvir peak, according to the chromatographic peak purity data. According to ICH specifications, the parameters for method validation were within the permissible range.
Formulation and In-Vitro Assessment of Torsemide -Loaded Microspheres for Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Medipelli Anitha , Chinthala Praveena
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: The present work aimed at formulation development and evaluation of Torsemide (TOR) microspheres. The loop diuretic TOR is used to treat congestive heart failure and edema. Due to its short half-life of two to three hours, weak basicity, and high solubility, TOR is released rapidly and does not provide sustained drug release. To achieve controlled drug release at a predetermined rate, TOR was prepared into microspheres. A total of 12 formulations were prepared by combining Sodium alginate with varying proportions of the polymers Eudragit RL100 and Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose K15 (HPMC K15) by the ionotropic gelation technique and evaluated for micromeritic properties, percentage yield, drug entrapment efficiencies and in- vitro dissolution studies. Stability tests were performed out on the optimized formulation. Particle size of formulations was within acceptable limits, with percentage yields ranging from 80.5±0.012 to 95.3±0.028 and entrapment efficiencies from 72.5±0.024 to 86.8±0.020. Formulation F6 exhibited the highest drug release of 100% in a controlled manner, thus it was considered the optimized formulation and no stability issues were found.
Investigation of Solubility Behavior, Data Correlations and Thermodynamic Study of Succinic Acid in Water + Methanol Mixtures at Various Temperatures
Authors: Nahire Sandip B.
Published: December 2024

By using a gravimetric approach, the solubility of succinic acid in water, methanol, and water + methanol binary solvent was determined at temperatures between 305.15 and 313.15 K in the local atmosphere. The findings of the experiment demonstrated a positive correlation between temperature rise and succinic acid solubility. In order to better correlate and match the experimental results, the thermodynamic models van't Hoff and Apelblat were used. Additionally, the DFT investigation was conducted to look into how solvent-solute interactions affected solubility. In addition, the dissolving process's thermodynamic characteristics were computed, and the findings suggested that it was an entropy-driven, spontaneous, endothermic process.