bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dilemma on the Entrepreneurial University Ideal: The Prevailing Academic Tensions / Dilema oko ideala poduzetničkog sveučilišta: prevladavajuće akademske tenzije
Authors: Ahmad Noor Hazlina , Abdul Halim Hasliza , Ramayah Thurasamy
Published: June 2016

The fact that universities have become complex organisations characterised by multiple missions including teaching, research, and entrepreneurship agenda served as a starting point for this enquiry. This study strives to offer a deeper insight into the views of the academics pertaining to the creation of an entrepreneurial university ideal within the context of a research university. The underlying complexities in achieving this mission were extracted from a series of semi-structured interviews conducted among academicians spanning the diverse disciplines within the university. The findings revealed a vast array of definitions given to the concept of an entrepreneurial university that ranges from the soft spectrum to the hard spectrum of entrepreneurial activities. This study adds value to the existing literature through the identification of dilemmas surrounding the creation of the entrepreneurial university that encompass challenges related to the academic resistance, internal factors and social capital issues. It is concluded that the right balancing between teaching, research and entrepreneurship is crucial to ensure that learning institutions do not digress from their core functions. Effective links between university, industry and government could assist to fast-track the transition from the traditional university to the entrepreneurial university concept.Key words: academic entrepreneurship; entrepreneurial university; university-industry link.---Činjenica da su sveučilišta postala kompleksne organizacije koje provode raznovrsne i višestruke aktivnosti poput predavanja, istraživanja i poduzetničkih aktivnosti, služila je kao polazište ovog istraživanja. Cilj mu je omogućiti dublji uvid u stajališta akademika vezano uz stvaranje idealnog poduzetničkog sveučilišta u kontekstu istraživačkog sveučilišta. Temeljna kompleksna pitanja bitna za postizanje ovoga cilja dobivena su polustrukturiranim intervjuom  provedenim s akademicima iz različitih sveučilišnih disciplina. Rezultati su pokazali širok raspon definicija poduzetničkog sveučilišta koje variraju od mekog do tvrdog spektra poduzetničkih aktivnosti. Ovo istraživanje daje dodatnu vrijednost postojećoj literaturi prepoznavanjem dilema koje postoje oko stvaranja poduzetničkog sveučilišta, a koje obuhvaćaju i izazove povezane s akademskim otporom, unutarnjim faktorima i pitanjima društvenog kapitala. Zaključak je da je pravilan omjer poučavanja, istraživanja i poduzetništva neophodan da bi se osiguralo da obrazovne institucije ne odstupaju od svojih temeljnih funkcija. Učinkovite veze između sveučilišta, industrije i vlade mogle bi pomoći brzoj tranziciji iz tradicionalnog sveučilišta u poduzetničko sveučilište.Ključne riječi: akademsko poduzetništvo; poduzetničko sveučilište; veza između sveučilišta i industrije
The European Language Portfolio as an Educational Innovation in Primary and Secondary Schools: You Have to Catch Them Young?/Europski jezični portfolio kao obrazovna inovacija u osnovnim i srednjim školama: Uhvatite ih dok su mladi?
Authors: Sešek Urška , Skela Janez
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe paper presents a study of the implementation of the European Language Portfolio, an innovative material aimed at boosting learner autonomy and development of multilingual communicative competences in learners of all ages. The monitoring of the piloting of the ELP in Slovenian primary and secondary school over several years included a survey of 1,634 students aged 10 to 17. The survey is analysed with a view to presenting the often overlooked perspective of the end-users of educational innovation, focusing on how learner age affects their patterns of use of the new material as well as their attitudes towards and perceptions of it. The results suggest that age definitely played a role in the learners’ reception of the ELP; the levels and types of engagement with the material and the learners’ perceptions of its difficulty, enjoyability and value for their growth as (language) learners were lower among secondary students than among primary students almost across the board. Age probably played a role in this via two related factors. Greater cognitive maturity seems not to have contributed to a better reception of the innovation; the poorer results in primary schools probably reflect the common decrease of motivation for schoolwork through the teenage years. Key words: age; educational innovation; learner autonomy; learner characteristics; materials; pilot study.---SažetakRad prikazuje istraživanje o primjeni Europskog jezičnog portfolia, inovativnog materijala namijenjenog poticanju autonomije učenika i razvoju višejezičnih komunikacijskih kompetencija učenika svih dobnih uzrasta. Za praćenje probnog uvođenja EJP-a u osnovne i srednje škole u Sloveniji u razdoblju od nekoliko godina anketirana su 1643 učenika u dobi od 10 do 17 godina. Anketa je analizirana s namjerom prikazivanja često izostavljene perspektive krajnjih korisnika obrazovne inovacije, s naglaskom na način na koji učenikov uzrast utječe na uzorak korištenja novoga materijala, kao i na njihove stavove i njegov doživljaj. Rezultati ukazuju na to da dob učenika svakako ima ulogu u prihvaćanju EJP-a; razine i vrste angažmana s materijalom i učenička percepcija složenosti, uživanje i vrijednost za njihov razvoj kao učenika (jezika) bili su niži kod učenika srednjih škola nego kod učenika osnovnih škola u cijelom uzorku. Dob u tome vjerojatno ima ulogu s pomoću dva povezana čimbenika. Veća kognitivna zrelost, čini se, ne doprinosi boljem prihvaćanju inovacije; slabiji rezultati u osnovnoj školi vjerojatno su odraz uobičajenog smanjenja motivacije za školski rad tijekom tinejdžerskih godina.   Ključne riječi: dob; obrazovna inovacija; autonomija učenika; karakteristike učenika; materijali; pilot istraživanje.
The Issue of End of First Term Final Grading/Problem zaključivanja školskih ocjena na kraju prvog polugodišta
Authors: Margetić Nikola
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe aim of this research was to examine the attitudes of class and single subject primary school teachers, as well as secondary school teachers, towards the abolition of first term final grades in the Republic of Croatia. The study has shown that this novel practice is not accepted well by teachers. Both class and subject teachers think that end of term final grades serve as useful feedback for pupils and thus positively contribute to pupils’ performance. The participants in the survey believe that the abolition of end of term final grades will also lead to poorer final results achieved by pupils at the end of the school year. The study has also shown that female participants respond to grading with a higher level of stress than their male counterparts.      Key words: grading; lower primary class teachers; pupils; subject teachers; term.---SažetakCilj ovog istraživanja bio je istražiti mišljenja učitelja razredne i predmetne nastave u osnovnoj školi i nastavnika u srednjoj školi, o ukidanju zaključivanja ocjena na polugodištu u Republici Hrvatskoj. Istraživanje je pokazalo kako se ta novost ne prihvaća u zbornicama. Učitelji i nastavnici smatraju kako je zaključna ocjena na polugodištu kvalitetna povratna informacija učeniku koja pridonosi boljim rezultatima učenika. Ispitanici smatraju da će zbog ukidanja zaključivanja ocjena učenici i na kraju godine postizati lošije rezultate. Također se pokazalo da ispitanice stresnije doživljavaju ocjenjivanje od ispitanika.Ključne riječi: nastavnici; ocjenjivanje; polugodište; učenici; učitelji.
Advancing biomimetic materials through ISO standards
Authors: Hoeller Norbert , Salustri Filippo A.
Published: June 2016

This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities of developing standards for biomimetic materials, based on the authors’ experience with International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/Technical Committee 266 ‘Biomimetics’. With the expansion of global trade, international standards are increasingly called on to protect the interests of consumers, improve business productivity and facilitate trade. In the past, standards typically addressed form/fit/function specifications and were associated with mature industries. Some ISO standards are beginning to focus on processes, quality and consistency, which can support advances in emerging fields such as biomimetics. ISO has the potential to advance biomimetic materials and biomimetics in general by developing and promoting frameworks that reflect the evolving nature of biomimetics. Rather than standardizing the output of biomimetics, ISO/TC 266 could explore systemic challenges and identify initiatives to overcome them, such as building an internationally recognized common vocabulary to improve communication within the biomimetics community. An in-depth assessment of research and industry trends relating to biomimetic materials could identify opportunities for collaboration that advance both theory and practice. The goal is to define an appropriate level of structure that accelerates development of biomimetics while at the same time encouraging creativity and exploration.
Fall-cone strength testing of municipal sludges and residues
Authors: O’Kelly Brendan C
Published: June 2016

This state-of-the-art paper discusses determinations of remoulded undrained shear strength (s u) for municipal sludge and residue materials by the fall-cone approach, used increasingly for this purpose in practice. The strength mobilised by a falling cone as it penetrates into a soil test-specimen is related to its ‘static’ strength s u (used in design for most conventional loading cases) through a rate dependence parameter. From a review of the literature and analyses of existing and new experimental data, compared with inorganic soils, these highly organic soils are found to exhibit significantly greater strain-rate dependence for strength, which reduces correspondingly the value of Hansbo’s cone factor K. Hence, in the absence of reported experimental K values for different organic soils, use of inorganic soil K values in strength calculations can often result in significant overestimations of undrained strength. Recommendations are made regarding the cone characteristics more suitable for such testing and experimental approaches useful for determining related K values. Other influencing factors, including the fibrous nature of some organic soils and cone roughness (adhesion), are discussed. The paper concludes by presenting semi-logarithmic and power model formulations for s u determinations from measured water contents as interim (alternative) methods until the mentioned issues are satisfactorily resolved.
Translating Tutur si Waloh in Karonese Society into English
Authors: Sembiring Milisi
Published: June 2016

Tutur si waloh is  eight kinship terms in Karonese society. The functions of each kinship terms are different and they have their own responsibility. They are applied in daily life and cultural events. This study sought to explore the translation problems and its procedures in translating eight kinship terms in Karonese society into English. The study was conducted by using the qualitative research and the data obtained was analyzed by using translation and cultural analyses. The results reveal the absence of tutur si waloh in target language was the translation problems in this study. Newmark’s translation procedures were workable in translating them into English. The reseacher applied paraphrase, cultural equivalent, descriptive equivalent, transference and couplets  translation procedures.
Assessing Tertiary-level ESP Enhancement Criteria for Ameliorating Occupational Mobility: Commerce and Industry Perceptions
Authors: Kuo Shiue-mei
Published: June 2016

English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is designed to be learned and practiced as an essential component for employment preparation or occupational mobility. Learners aspire to utilize their ESP skills to enhance their occupational achievement and mobility. The objective of this study is to determine how to effectively enhance ESP learning to meet occupational needs with limited resources and time constraints. This study was conducted using an analytic hierarchy process to prioritize all factors of ESP enhancement plans among participants who often engage in staff acquisition, performance appraisal, and career development planning in the global business community. While aiming to enhance learners’ ESP level to improve their competitiveness in the workforce, this study considers four main criteria. Each criterion has sub-criteria/alternatives; these amount to 19 in total. The results show that among the four criteria, the main concerns of participants are the employees’ ESP proficiency certificate accreditation; and among the 19 sub-criteria/alternatives, the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC) ranked the highest for achieving occupational mobility. All these factors can facilitate the determination and prioritization of the targets for ESP enhancement as well as for acquainting ESP practitioners with employers’ requirements and effectively meeting them by altering the lesson plans accordingly. Moreover, learners can strengthen their employment potential by using the ESP qualification to achieve a smoother career path.
The Effect of Recast vs. Explicit Corrective Feedback on Iranian EFL Learners' Stress Patterns Learning
Authors: Karimi Lotfollah , Esfandiari Nahid
Published: June 2016

The present study was conducted to compare the effect of recast and explicit corrective feedback on Iranian EFL learners' stress patterns learning. After administering a Nelson test, 60 intermediate female learners out of 80 were selected from intact classes at Iranian, Eram, Jouya, and zaban Sara Language Institutes in Islam Abad Gharb, Iran. These sixty participants were randomly assigned to three groups namely, recast group (G1), explicit corrective feedback group (G2), and control group (G3), each consisting of twenty participants. After that a piloted researcher-made pretest concerning stress patterns on words and sentences was administered to the participants. Then, one of the experimental groups was treated via recast and the other one via explicit corrective feedback, and the control group via traditional method of teaching stress patterns. After the treatment, a piloted posttest administered to all groups. To analyze the data ANCOVA and One-way ANOVA were run and the results revealed that both recast and explicit corrective feedback had positive effect on the learners' stress patterns learning. However, the effect of recast was stronger than that of the explicit corrective feedback. Pedagogically, teachers, syllabus designers, and language learners may use the findings of this study in their practice.
Metadiscourse in Persian and English Research Article Introductions
Authors: Sorahi Mohammadamin , Shabani Mansour
Published: June 2016

This study aims to investigate the use of metadiscourse in Persian and English research article introductions in the field of linguistics. The corpus of the research consists of 40 introductions of linguistics research articles, 20 Persian and 20 English. The analytical framework for this study is Hyland's (2004) model of metadiscourse in academic text. In order to investigate the similarities and differences in the implication of metadiscourse (i.e. the interactive and interactional resources) between these texts, both qualitative and quantitative methods will be used. On the qualitative basis, this study identifies and categorizes metadiscourse markers and a comparative analysis is conducted to determine the frequency of different types of metadiscourse. The results are analyzed carefully and quantitatively which include the general distribution of metadiscourse in each category and then the density of metadiscourse in both sets of data. They are scrutinized based on the number of sentences and words in the corpora. The similarities and differences between two sets of data are looked at from a sociocultural view. The results of this study make some perspectives into the teaching and learning of writing for EFL learners.
“Ontological and Epistemological” Discourse of Cultural Identity: Making an Orientalist in V. S. Naipaul's Half a Life
Authors: Amjad Fazel Asadi , Badirdast Ghamereddin
Published: June 2016

The impact of colonial educational system or colonial cultural discourse on the cultural identity of the colonized is a prominent theme of postcolonial studies. According to Said Orientalism as a discourse recognizes an "ontological and epistemological" distinction between the East and the West. Consequently, for Said anyone who thinks, works and acts based on the existence of such a distinction is an orientalist. This paper argues that V. S. Naipaul’s Half a life illustrates the workings of this imaginary distinction that European cultural discourse finds between the Orient and the Occident on the formation of the cultural identity of the colonized people as they become subject to colonial cultural discourse. In Half a Life we observe Willie, the anti-hero of the novel, gradually losing his faith in the ingredients of his own cultural identity replacing them with the material served in the menu of colonial educational system to adopt himself with the requirements of being a colonial individual living on scholarship in the metropolitan London.
Perceptual Learning Styles and Critical Thinking: Inspecting the Association among EFL Learners
Authors: Nosratinia Mania , Soleimannejad Aram
Published: June 2016

Influenced by the acknowledged role of critical thinking and learning styles in the process of second language learning, this study attempted to systematically inspect the association between English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' critical thinking, on one hand, and their total score of perceptual learning styles, different perceptual learning styles, and number of major perceptual learning styles, on the other hand. To do so, 595 male and female undergraduate EFL learners, between the ages of 18 and 25 (Mage = 22) participated in this study. These participants completed two instruments: a) the questionnaire of critical thinking by Honey (2000), and b) the Perceptual Learning Style Preference Survey developed by Reid (1984). Due to the violation of the assumptions of normality of distribution, the non-parametric Spearman rank order coefficient of correlation was employed in order to answer the initial 3 research questions. The obtained results indicated that there were significant and positive relationships between participants’ critical thinking and total score of perceptual learning styles, ρ = .33, n = 595, p < .01; critical thinking and the number of major perceptual learning styles, ρ = .28, n = 595, p < .01; and critical thinking and group, visual, auditory, tactile, and kinesthetic perceptual learning styles. Furthermore, a multiple regression analysis was run which revealed that tactile learning style preference is the best predictor of EFL learners’ critical thinking (β = 0.285, t = 6.107, p = 0.0005). The study concludes with a discussion on the findings and stating a number of recommendations for further research.
On the Relationship between Critical Thinking Ability, Language Learning Strategies, and Reading Comprehension of Male and Female Intermediate EFL University Students
Authors: Marzban Amir , Barati Zahra
Published: June 2016

This study was going to investigate the relationship between critical thinking ability, language learning strategies, and reading comprehension of male and female Iranian intermediate EFL university students majoring in English translation and English teaching at Tehran Azad University, South Branch. The participants chosen were 100 EFL learners that after homogenizing 79 remained. This study was a correlational one. For the purpose of this study, California Critical Thinking Skill Test (CCTST), Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL), and reading section of the TOEFL test were administered. Data were analyzed based on the questionnaires and they were submitted to the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 for analysis. The Pearson- product moment correlation proved that there was a significant positive relationship between critical thinking ability and reading comprehension, as well as a positive relationship between language learning strategies and reading comprehension was found. Reading comprehension was considered as dependent variable. Finally, in order to find whether there was any difference between males and females in terms of critical thinking ability and their language learning strategy use an independent sample t-test was run. The findings revealed that there was not any significant difference between the performances of male and female participants in terms of critical thinking and their language learning strategy use. The findings of this study will be helpful for material developers, syllabus designers and EFL teachers.
The Impact of Task-type Based Vocabulary Instruction on Incidental Word Retention
Authors: Touti Elaheh , Maleki Roohollah
Published: June 2016

Having a good knowledge of vocabulary is a passport to helpful communication. Both theoretical and empirical investigations in the area of L2 incidental vocabulary were taken into account through executing a study comparing the impacts of two types of lexically-oriented tasks at text level (i.e. gap-fill & writing) on the extent of EFL learners’ recollection of newly-encountered words. Pursuing this purpose, 64 Iranian EFL learners at intermediate level were selected and then assigned into two experimental groups labelled fill-in group and writing group. This study includes a research question addressing “do lexically-oriented tasks at text level provide better incidental vocabulary recall than gap-fill tasks do? This study, due to the absence of any control group, applied a quasi-experimental design. Statistically speaking, both quantitative and qualitative data were provided. This study used a t-test to compare the mean scores of the two groups. The writing group finally benefited from the outcomes of the study due to the innate mental investment aroused by being engaged in the writing task. The contingency of task engagement rests on the three contributive components (need, search, and evaluation) which could yield the conducive involvement.
The Relationship between Iranian Intermediate EFL Learners’ Frequency of Language Learning Strategies Use and Their Pragmatic and Grammatical Awareness
Authors: Arab Shekoufeh , Tabatabaei Omid
Published: June 2016

In this study, attempts were made to investigate the use of language learning strategies in four areas of communicative competence among Iranian intermediate learners and also the extent of their pragmatic and grammatical awareness. The relationship between the participants' frequency of grammatical strategies use and their pragmatic and grammatical awareness was also explored. In so doing, after conducting the Oxford placement test on a group of students in Islamic Azad University, Najafabad Branch, 63 homogeneous intermediate students were selected. The required data were collected through administrating Language Learning Strategies for Communicative Competence questionnaire to determine the use of language learning strategies by the participants and Pragmatic and Grammaticality Judgment Task questionnaire to determine their pragmatic and grammatical awareness. The findings revealed that the participants used grammatical strategies more frequently and sociolinguistic strategies less frequently than other types of strategies. Furthermore, the descriptive statistics demonstrated that the participants had more grammatical awareness and perceived the grammatical errors more seriously in comparison to pragmatic ones. Finally, correlational analysis displayed there was no correlation between the participants’ frequency of grammatical strategies use and their pragmatic awareness. These findings demonstrate the participants’ weakness in employing sociolinguistic strategies and their lack of pragmatic awareness.
Typology and the Translation of Interpersonal Meaning
Authors: Xia Xiufang
Published: June 2016

In translation, the study of meaning is the most important basis. Translation is a dynamic process. The transfer of meaning from one language to the other one depends on a lot of factors. Typology is one of the important factor to affect translation. Translator has to consider the situation of the context, the purpose of the translated material when choosing the words, the tone to express the exact meaning, especially the interpersonal meaning. This paper used literary style, technical style speech and business letter as the examples to show the importance of interpersonal meaning and the way to transfer it.
The Status of Women in the Novels of Najib Al-Kilani (Based on Two Novels of Jakarta's Virgin and The Man Who Believed
Authors: Giv Ahmad Lamei , Nia Marziye Mohaghegh
Published: June 2016

Committed and contemporary Egyptian writer, Najib al-Kilani, is considered as a leader in Islamic literature in the Arab world due to the multitude of writings. Islam and promotion of Islamic principles is a major concern in most of his works. Using a descriptive-analytical method, this article tries to investigate the status of women in his novel’ Jakarta’s Virgin and The Man Who Believed. The findings suggest that Kilani, unlike its predecessors and even his contemporary writers, has not described the superficial and banal aspect of women, nut he has tried to promote true status appointed for a Muslim woman. Najib’s novels are taken from the real facts of his time. For him, women have the ability to participate in all social, economic areas by maintaining the moral values and standards of Islam as well as men. Kilani has also given women the right to select their own husbands; he insists much on the presence of common moral, cultural and religious points among couples to survive and continue sharing life.
Asylstrømmen fra Russland til Norge i 2015: Bevisst russisk politikk?
Authors: Moe Arild , Rowe Lars
Published: June 2016

In the autumn of 2015, 5500 migrants traveling through Russia along the “Arctic route” applied for political asylum in Norway. Some observers claimed that Russia deliberately channeled migrants towards the north with the purpose of destabilizing Norway and that Russia had changed procedures in their border zone to facilitate the wave of migrants. In this article we briefly discuss the hybrid warfare theory and assess alternative explanations that might account for the sudden increase in migrants. Detailing formal and informal practices in the Norwegian-Russian border regime we argue that Russian practices were not altered in any significant way in 2015, but that the Norwegian side had an incorrect impression of the Russian border regime being more restrictive than it really was. Finland was in a similar situation. The most convincing explanation for the wave of asylum-seekers is the self-interest of migrants who found a cheaper and less risky route. Both in Norway and Finland the border regimes were tightened as a consequence of the increased migration, however. As a result, their policies became more aligned with Russian priorities.
Published: June 2016
Citation: Arild Moe & Lars Rowe (2016) «Asylstrømmen fra Russland til Norge i 2015: Bevisst russisk politikk?». Nordisk Østforum 30 [2] 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/nof.v30.432
Eit evig Russland: Oleg Platonov, Institutt for russisk sivilisasjon og nasjonaliseringa av russisk tenking
Authors: Mjør Kåre Johan
Published: June 2016

This article discusses the Russian nationalist Oleg Platonov and his Institute for Russian Civilization, a project established for publishing both contemporary works and the classics of Russian intellectual history. Special attention is given to how Platonov, who is otherwise known for his extreme anti-Westernism and anti-Semitism, within the framework of this project actively disseminates not only his own idea of a unique and self-sufficient Russian civilization, but also numerous classics of Russian thought, in particular of the Slavophile current. Various Russian thinkers are presented here as the embodiment of “Russian national thought” and the expression of an alleged “ideology of the Russian people”. On the basis of this analysis, the article reviews Platonov’s contribution to contemporary Russian nationalism more generally and its tendency to make the marginal mainstream.     Published: June 2016     Citation: Kåre Johan Mjør (2016) «Eit evig Russland: Oleg Platonov, Institutt for russisk sivilisasjon og nasjonaliseringa av russisk tenking». Nordisk Østforum 30 [2] 98–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/nof.v30.441
Osmopriming duration in Araçá-boi seeds germination
Authors: Da Silva Marcela Liege , Chagas Edvan Alves , Moura Elias Ariel de , Chagas Pollyana Cardoso , Smiderle Oscar José , Vilaça Rosemary Vilaça
Published: June 2016

The Araca-boi is a native fruit of the Amazon region and its fruits have great potential for agro-industrial use due to the intrinsic characteristics of the pulp. The seeds are dormant and the primary cause could be due to the presence of inhibiting chemicals germination and can also be caused by the impermeability in tegument. The objective of this study was to assess the osmopriming efficiency promoted by Sucrose (C12H22O11) and Potassium Nitrate (KNO3 ) on germination of seeds of araca-boi in different immersion times. Thus, the seeds were osmoconditioned in following solutions: C12H22O11, KNO3 , KNO3 + C12H22O11 and H2 O, by period of 6, 12 and 24 h. Throughout of 70 days were evaluated the germination percentage and germination rate (index). The experiment is based on a completely randomized in a factorial analysis 4x3 with four replications of 10 seeds. The osmopriming of Araca-boi seed in KNO3 solution was shown to be efficient both to promote germination and the germination rate. The Araca-boi seeds osmoconditioned in KNO3 solution has an average efficiency of 99% in the germination percentage up to 70 days. The osmopriming period showed no influence on seed germination of the seeds of Araca-boi.
Impactos das mudanças climáticas no zoneamento agroclimatológico do café arábica no Espírito Santo
Authors: Bragança Rosembergue , Dos Santos Alexandre Rosa , De Souza Elias Fernandes , De Carvalho Almy Júnior Cordeiro , Luppi Alixandre Sanquetta Laporti , Da Silva Rosane Gomes
Published: June 2016

Objetivou-se com este trabalho definir, por meio do zoneamento agroclimatológico atual e para os próximos 100 anos, áreas com diferentes aptidões climáticas para a cultura do café arábica (Coffea arabica L.), no estado do Espírito Santo. Para isso, foram utilizados dados de temperatura média do ar e precipitação pluviométrica, em escala mensal e anual, de séries históricas representativas do período de 1976 a 2006. Foi necessário simular o efeito do incremento de temperatura de +1ºC, +2ºC, +3ºC, +4ºC e +5ºC, por meio da média obtida do resultado de seis modelos, a saber: GFDL-R30 (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, R-30 resolution model), CCSR/NIES (Center for Climate Research Studies Model), CSIROMk2 (Common wealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization GCM mark 2), CGCM2 (Canadian Global Coupled Model version 2), ECHAM4 (European Centre Hamburg Model version 4) e HadCM3 (Hadley Centre Coupled Model version 3). Os resultados encontrados demonstraram que, atualmente, as áreas completamente aptas representam 19,49%, e com acréscimo de 5°C diminuirá para 0,02%, enquanto as áreas completamente inaptas passarão de 33,47% para 95,63% do território do Espírito Santo, tornando o café arábica impróprio para o cultivo no estado, se mantidas as características genéticas e fisiológicas que tem como limite de tolerância de temperaturas médias anuais entre 23°C e 24°C.
Sobrevivência de estrutura de resistência de Macrophomina phaseolina e Sclerotium rolfsii em solo tratado biologicamente
Authors: Nascimento Selma Rogéria Carvalho , Silva Fernando Henrique Alves , Cruz Beatriz Letícia Silva , Dantas Andréa Mirne Macedo , Ambrósio Márcia Michelle Queiroz , Senhor Rosemberg Ferreira
Published: June 2016

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do fungo Trichoderma e do produto Compost Aid® in vitro e na sobrevivência dos fungos Macrophomina phaseolina e Sclerotium rolfsii no solo. Os tratamentos foram: Tricobiol® a base de T. harzianum, Triconemate® a base de T. longibrachiatum da Biofungi Controle Biológico®, Trichoderma viride (TR2); T. harzianum (T25); T. koningii (T15); T. polysporum (Sn11) e Compost Aid®. A avaliação do antagonismo foi determinada pela nota atribuída à porcentagem de crescimento dos isolados de Trichoderma spp. em relação aos fungos fitopatogênicos, bem como a porcentagem de inibição do crescimento dos patógenos em relação ao produto Compost Aid®. A sobrevivência de estruturas de resistência dos fungos fitopatogênicos foi avaliada aos 40 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos, através do plaqueamento em meios de cultura sem- seletivo e BDA. No experimento in vitro, em todos os tratamentos com Trichoderma, a porcentagem de inibição foi superior a 50%, para ambos os fungos fitopatogênicos. Os produtos comerciais Tricobiol® e Triconemate® propiciaram as maiores porcentagens de inibição do fungo S. rolfsii (62,5%). O produto Compost Aid® inibiu 100% e 98,57% do crescimento dos fungos M. phaseolina e S. rolfsii, respectivamente. Os tratamentos na forma mix de Trichoderma e Tricobiol® tiveram a mediana de 100%, enquanto o Triconemate® obteve 96% de inibição do crescimento de microesclerócios de M. phaseolina recuperados do solo, porém, não inibiram a germinação dos esclerócios de S. rolfsii. O produto Compost Aid® propiciou a mediana de 100 e 0% do crescimento das estruturas de resistência dos fungos M. phaseolina e S. rolfsii, respectivamente.
An analysis of the crisis in Ukraine, and its three conflicts (21 of november 2013, through 23 of may 2014)
Authors: Faundes Cristián
Published: June 2016

Este artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio a partir de la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿cuál es la intensidad de la crisis en Ucrania entre noviembre 2013 y mayo 2014? Se identifican 293 sucesos que son evaluados y traducidos a datos cuantitativos, con el objeto de elaborar una curva que refleje la intensidad del conflicto. Considerando que este caso involucra varias disputas, se ha hecho insuficiente generar una única curva de intensidad para graficar lo acontecido; en cambio, se necesitaron tres para hacer el seguimiento de los hechos, que se encuentran entrelazados por políticas formuladas al interior de Ucrania, algunas en torno al país y finalmente otras respecto del mismo. Ello revela la particular complejidad del caso en estudio. Durante la segunda fase de la crisis, la divergencia interna arrastra las otras dos, pero los esfuerzos por reducir su intensidad no son efectivos para moderar el problema interno. El método aplicado en el estudio destaca como una herramienta flexible que permite realizar la evaluación de una situación compleja en una forma simple, asimismo da cuenta que ninguna de las controversias se ha solucionado.
Surgical Treatment of Advanced Peri‐Implantitis With a Dual Augmentation Technique: A Report of Two Cases With 15‐Month Follow‐Up
Authors: Najafi Babak , Patel Vaishaliben , Deutsch Roberta G. , Drew Howard J. , Cappetta Emil G.
Published: June 2016

Introduction: With the prevalence of peri‐implantitis increasing, management of the disease is an important therapy to consider. The goal of a dual augmentation technique in the treatment of peri‐implantitis is to address hard and soft tissue deficiency simultaneously. This report of two cases presents clinical and radiographic outcomes for surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis with a dual augmentation technique in advanced peri‐implantitis cases with inadequate keratinized tissue.

Case Series: Two patients diagnosed with advanced peri‐implantitis exhibiting bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) >6 mm, and bone loss >3 mm were treated. Affected implants were treated with specific surface decontamination protocol followed by using a combination of recombinant human platelet‐derived growth factor with a mixture of freeze‐dried bone allograft and deproteinized bovine‐derived bone. Subsequently, acellular dermal matrix was used as a membrane to cover defects and augment soft tissue volume at the same time. The dual augmentation technique demonstrated significant radiographic bone gain in 3 to 5 months and increase in mucosal thickness that appeared to be stable during the follow‐up period of 15 months. Surgical reentry provided further evidence to confirm radiographic bone fill. Clinical examination also revealed significant reduction in PD and BOP.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this report, treatment of peri‐implantitis with a dual augmentation technique appeared to enhance bone and soft tissue regeneration in advanced peri‐implantitis cases with existing mucogingival defects.
Workplace Incivility in a Swedish Context
Authors: Torkelson Eva , Holm Kristoffer , Bäckström Martin
Published: June 2016

The present study investigated workplace incivility in a Swedish context. The first aim was to assess how common the phenomenon is and the second was to study which groups (gender, age, ethnicity, and power position) are most targeted by workplace incivility and are more prone to act in an uncivil way. Additionally, the relationships between experienced and witnessed incivility and wellbeing as well as instigated incivility were investigated. An online survey was administered by SIFO (the national public opinion poll agency). The collected data consist of a stratified sample whose composition is identical to the working population in Sweden (N = 3001). The results show that almost three quarters of the respondents had been the target of coworker incivility and 52% of supervisor incivility at least one to two times in the past year. Of the respondents, 75% had witnessed coworkers and 58% witnessed a supervisor treating others in an uncivil way. Furthermore, 66% had instigated uncivil acts toward others. The results also show that female and younger employees are slightly more targeted by incivility from coworkers and younger employees and supervisors are slightly more prone to instigate incivility. Moreover, it was found that that experienced incivility was the strongest predictor of low well-being and that witnessed incivility was the strongest predictor of instigated incivility.
Swedish Collective Agreements and Employers’ Willingness to Hire and Retain Older Workers in Employment
Authors: Ulander-Wänman Carin
Published: June 2016

Demographic change is transforming the EU population structure for the coming decades. One challenge that society faces is to preserve social welfare when elderly persons comprise a larger proportion of the total population. Allowing people to work beyond the current retirement age may help slow the growth of the maintenance burden for welfare costs, and creating situations where larger numbers of older employees can work longer and complete more working hours can improve conditions for preserving and developing welfare. However, a prolonged working life presupposes several conditions; one of these is that legal regulation of the labor market must support employers’ willingness to hire and retain older workers in employment. This article explores employers’ attitudes toward regulations in Swedish collective agreements—regulations which are of particular importance if employers are to increase hiring and retention of older workers in employment.
Annual variations of alpha-amylase and invertases activities in buds and internodes of grapevines and their relation with carbohydrates and abscisic acid contents
Authors: Koussa Tayeb , Rifai Lalla Aicha , Cherrad Monique
Published: June 2016

The concentration of starch, soluble carbohydrates, free abscisic acid (ABA) and activities of a-amylases and invertases (the acid and the alkaline form) were investigated in buds and internodes of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Merlot during annual cycle. The levels of starch increased in the two organs from middle august to middle of November and the decreased until middle February. These variations seem to be controlled by a-amylase which activity was low during periods of starch accumulation and high when starch contents decreased. As the bud burst draws near (since the middle of February), starch accumulated in internodes and buds. However at the same time of the activity of a-amylase which activity also increased. Starch contents could be controlled by ABA which is known to reduce a-amylase activity. Indeed in internodes ABA content was high when a-amylase activity was low. This was also the case in the buds but after break dormancy phase. This difference of comportment of a-amylase towards ABA in the buds during the annual cycle could be in relation with the change of the physiological state of buds induced by the winter chilling.

The invertases activities in buds and internodes changed inversely to the sucrose and raffinose contents during all the annual cycle suggesting that the levels of these sugars were controlled by invertases, highly by the acid form and slightly by the alkaline form. Nevertheless, in the buds, when alkaline activity of invertase was high, sucrose content was maximal. These invertases seem also implicated, with a-amylase, in the development of starch content particularly when starch was accumulated by glucose providing. In the case of buds, invertases activities appeared to change in the same sense of ABA content but not during all the cycle. This suggested that this growth regulator may not be crucial for the control of invertases activities.
Influence of physiological state of inoculum on volatile acidity production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae during high sugar fermentation
Authors: Bely Marina , Masneuf-Pomarède Isabelle , Dubourdieu Denis
Published: June 2016

An approach consisting of controlling yeast inoculum to minimize volatile acidity production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the alcoholic fermentation of botrytized must was investigated. Direct inoculation of rehydrated active dry yeasts produced the most volatile acidity, while a yeast preparation pre-cultured for 24 hours reduced the final production by up to 23 %. Using yeasts collected from a fermenting wine as a starter must also reduced volatile acidity production. The conditions for preparing the inoculum affected the fermentation capacity of the first generation yeasts: fermentation duration, sugar to ethanol ratio, and wine composition. A pre-culture medium with a low sugar concentration (< 220 g/L) is essential to limit volatile acidity production in high sugar fermentations.
Microbial changes during malolactic fermentation in red wine elaboration
Authors: Renouf Vincent , Gindreau Emmanuel , Claisse Olivier , Lonvaud-Funel Aline
Published: June 2016

Winemaking is based on complex microbial interactions. They result in alcoholic and malolactic fermentation. In some cases undesirable micro-organisms pass beyond a limit and become prejudicial to wine quality. It is particularly the case of Brettanomyces bruxellensis which produces volatile phenols.

Most of wine microbial studies have been focused on only one species and that can lead to incomplete and biased results by neglecting possible interactions between the populations. The aim of this study was to obtain a global survey of wine microflora and its quantitative and qualitative changes during the malolactic fermentation, the last microbial intervention before sulphur dioxide addition. The results were obtained by chemical wine analysis, conventional microbiological methods and molecular tools for microbial identification (PCR-ITS-RFLP, PCR-DGGE). In this study, conducted under cellar scale conditions, several oenological parameters were considered: two different cellars, three grape varieties, MLF in tank or in barrels, use of malolactic starters or indigenous flora.

Interactions appeared, mainly between Oenococcus oeni and B. bruxellensis, but also between O. oeni strains. Some explanations are suggested and further investigations are proposed.
SYNTHESIS OF 2-[(3-SUBSTITUTEDIMINO)-1,2,4-DITHIAZOLO]AMINO-11-(PIPERAZIN-1-YL)DIBENZO [b,f][1,4]OXAZEPINES
Authors: Tayade D. T. , Kale P. R.
Published: June 2016

Recently in this laboratory a novel series  of 2-[(3-substitutedimino)-1,2,4-dithiazolo]amino-11-(piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo [b,f][1,4]oxazepines [VIB(a-h)] was synthesized by the oxidative cyclisation of 2-[substituted-2,4-dithiobiureto]-11-(piperazin-1-yl) dibenzo [b,f] [1,4]oxazepines [VB(a-h)]  in chloroform medium by making the use of liquid bromine as oxidizing agent.  The products were characterized and justified on the basis of elemental analysis, chemical characteristics and spectral studies. 
SYNTHESIS OF 2-[SUBSTITUTED-2,4-DITHIABIURETO]-11-(PIPERAZIN-1-YL) DIBENZO [b,f][1,4] OXAZEPINES
Authors: Tayade D. T. , Kale P. R.
Published: June 2016

Recently in this laboratory convenient method for synthesis of 2-[substituted-2,4-dithiabiureto]-11-(piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines [VB(a-h)] was developed.  The interactions of 2-thiocarbamido-11-(piperazin-1-yl)dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepine [IIIB(a)] with various isothiocyanates (IVa-h) in 50% acetone-ethanol medium were carried out on water bath to synthesized [VB(a-h)] respectively. The structures of synthesized compounds were justified on the basis of chemical characteristics, elemental analysis and spectral studies.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Mean Platelet Volume in the Diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndromes among Patients with Acute Chest Pain at the Emergency Room of Philippine Heart Center
Authors: Abubakar Al-Zamzam , Pineda Minnie Jane
Published: June 2016

Introduction. Mean platelet volume (MPV), an index for platelet size, is believed to be associated with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). This study aims to establish the association of MPV and ACS in the local setting and to further evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of MPV in the detection of ACS.
Methodology.  Adult patients presented with chest pain seen at the ER were submitted for complete blood count (CBC). The specimen was processed for MPV and platelet count using Beckman-Coulter ACT 5Diff hematology auto-analyzer.  Patients were grouped into ACS and non-ACS. Independent t-test was used to determine statistically significant difference between these two groups.  Diagnostic cut-off point was determined using the area under the curve.
Results.  A total of 150 adult patients were examined for MPV and platelet counts. There was a significant difference of MPV between the two groups at p value <0.0001. The MPV of patients with ACS was increased at 8.3 fL compared to 7.3 fL in patients not diagnosed with ACS. Cut-off points predictive of ACS based on the area under the curve of the ROC curve revealed a significant test (AOC is equal to 0.868 95% CI (0.812-0.924) p = <0.0001). At cut-off point of 8.4 fL, the positive predictive value and specificity for ACS were 100%, sensitivity of 43.6 and a negative predictive value of 46.2. The number of platelets was increased in non-ACS group.
Conclusion. The MPV of acute chest patients diagnosed with ACS was significantly higher compared to patients not diagnosed with ACS. Increased MPV at 8.4 fL was highly specific and predictive of ACS. However, the sensitivity and negative predictive value were low.  Platelet count of non-ACS group was increased.