bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal analysis of fusariosis in black pepper crops
Authors: Brumat Ana Carolina Lyra , Silva Marcelo Barreto da , Vitória Edney Leandro da , Gontijo Ivoney , Souza Antônio Fernandes , Freitas Ismael Lourenço de Jesus
Published: April 2021

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar o tempo temporal e espacial da murcha do Fusarium em plantas de pimenta-do-reino. Como plantas foram avaliadas a cada dois meses durante um ano em nove áreas plantadas com pimenta do reino localizado na região norte do estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Em cada área com 500 plantas em um campo de pimenta preta, faça uma localização de cada planta e avalie a incidência de fusões. A partir dessas práticas, foi usado um mapa acumulado de plantas afetadas na área selecionada. O progresso temporal das fusões foi estudado por meio da contagem acumulada de doenças de plantas em função do tempo e ajuste desses dados nos modelos de crescimento biológico.O progresso espacial da doença foi analisado pelo Índice de Dispersão e pelo ajuste da Lei de Taylor. Analisando o padrão de distribuição espacial da doença no campo, verificou-se um padrão predominantemente agregado. O maior período de evolução da doença em todas as áreas plantadas foi observado a partir de novembro, coincidindo com a época da colheita, a época da alta influência antrópica.
Transição Agroecológica e o papel da Extensão Rural
Authors: Caporal Francisco Roberto
Published: April 2021

Este texto situa o papel da extensão rural no marco de novas iniciativas de desenvolvimento rural que devem ser orientadas pelo imperativo socioambiental. Destaca-se que os processos de transição agroecológica devem sustentar-se nos conceitos e princípios da Agroecologia, razão pela qual buscou-se trazer uma aproximação a esses conceitos, bem como sobre as abordagens que tratam dos níveis de transição que devem orientar as ações dos extensionistas, agricultores ou consumidores envolvidos em processos. Neste sentido, considera-se que os processos de transição agroecológica requerem o apoio de uma Extensão Rural Agroecológica, que supere o modelo difusionista clássico do extensionismo rural e no qual o extensionista além do seu papel como técnico deve atuar como um facilitador. Ademais, sugere-se um conjunto de etapas da transição agroecológica, que vão da dimensão pessoal às dimensões meso e macrossocial, de modo que, na medida em que avança, o processo de transição se torna mais complexo, pois, a cada etapa correspondem novas propriedades emergentes. Portanto, a transição agroecológica não se confunde com a conversão para sistemas orgânicos pela simples substituição de insumos. O objetivo deste artigo é, justamente, refletir sobre a complexidade dos processos de transição agroecológica e sobre o papel que pode desempenhar a extensão rural.
Produção para o autoconsumo e compra de alimentos no Sul da Bahia: o caso do assentamento Bom Jesus
Authors: Nascimento Valtemir Santos , Thies Vanderlei Franck
Published: April 2021

A produção de alimentos para o próprio consumo integra de forma recorrente as estratégias de reprodução social das famílias agricultoras, o que contribui para a segurança alimentar e nutricional, a qualidade de vida e a ampliação da renda. O avanço das formas de agricultura engendradas pelos impérios alimentares têm impulsionado a expansão da produção comercial especializada, tensionado a produção para o autoconsumo. O presente estudo tem por objetivo mensurar o valor da produção agropecuária para venda e autoconsumo e dos gastos com a compra de alimentos, procurando identificar sua contribuição e seu impacto na renda das famílias agricultoras. Através de estudo de caso, realizado junto a famílias assentadas no Baixo Sul da Bahia, evidenciou-se que a produção para o autoconsumo é prática recorrente e contribui de forma expressiva na renda das mesmas, estando baseada no cultivo diversificado de vegetais e com escassa presença de produção animal. Já a produção agropecuária de caráter comercial mostrou-se pouco diversificada e altamente dependente do cultivo de cacau. A compra de alimentos é bastante intensa e compromete parte considerável da renda das famílias, destacando-se a aquisição de itens de origem animal e ultraprocessados.
Expografia online: Em busca do anti viewing room
Authors: Beiguelman Giselle , Santos Nara Cristina
Published: April 2021

Este artigo-ensaio-conversa apresenta o resultado de uma atividade online desenvolvida com um grupo de estudantes da FAU/USP, a docente da disciplina e uma pesquisadora convidada, para discutir a expografia online e propostas curatoriais para a Internet. Entre outras questões, discutimos: Quais são os problemas no uso das redes pelas instituições museológicas, centros culturais, galerias e feiras?
Agrarian structure changes in the village farmsteads on Durmitor
Authors: Stijepović Darko
Published: April 2021

The paper presents findings about agrarian structure changes that have occurred in the village farmsteads on Durmitor highlands considering thesis that this area has experienced complex and strong changes. The most important characteristics of these changes relate with , aging, de-agrarian striving; and reduction of the livestock fund, land surfaces and number of homesteads. The agrarian structure of the Durmitor area, which includes the municipalities of Žabljak, Šavnik and Plužine, is characterized by the dominant participation of individual farms focused on sheep and catlle production.The structure of agricultural land use in the examined region was defined by natural conditions and natural way of production. In the total agricultural area, natural meadows and pastures occupy over 90% of the area, and arable land and orchards occupy a small percentage of the area.The existing land structure determined livestock production as the basic production.
Possibilities of more perspective development of the hunting destination 'Karađorđevo'
Authors: Manojlović Radoslava , Stamenković Igor , Matejević Milosava , Ristić Zoran , Gajić Tamara
Published: April 2021

In the territory of Vojvodina, there are numerous hunting grounds that are in the ranks of the most elite hunting grounds in Serbia and the wider region. One of them is the hunting ground "Karađorđevo". The aim of the study was to determine what are the characteristics of the hunting destination and elements of the hunting tourism product that are important to hunting tourist when going on a journey. The goal was to determine how much the hunting tourists are satisfied with their hunting experience in this hunting area. The results showed that the most important was the quality of the hunting organization, and the least significant were additional contents of tourist animation. The natural resources of the area are the elements that hunters were most satisfied with. Respondents are less satisfied with the quality of accommodation and are least satisfied with the complementary tourist offer.
Agricultural assets' influence on building farmers' resilience in Romania: Food security approaches
Authors: Andreea-Ion Raluca , George-Popescu Cristian , Ilie Marinela , Popa Daniela
Published: April 2021

An increasing number of scientific papers has been written on the topic of resilience. It explains the way individuals and regions face to shocks and stressors. It focuses on farmers' resilience and food security. The main shocks related to food insecurity are weather variability, volatility, and agricultural assets. We assume that the level of assets plays a role in assessing the risk level of individuals' exposure to shocks and stressors. The case of Romania is discussed, using statistical data concerning land, machineries and livestock, as main agricultural assets. The data have been analyzed using simple regression model. The results show medium influences of the agricultural assets on food supply. Significant influences have registered in macro region four: West and South-West, for land, machineries and swine. The results can be used in political frameworks and strategies and to widening the knowledge in the field of farmers' resilience.
Rural residents' perceptions on economic impacts of cultural and promotional aspects of tourism
Authors: Vujko Aleksandra , Zečević-Stanojević Olgica , Zečević Leposava , Nedeljković Dragan , Zečević Milija
Published: April 2021

This study investigates residents' attitudes to tourism impacts (marketing, culture etc.) on Fruška Gora Mountain (Serbia), within the larger framework of economic impacts. The correspondence analysis of the perception of local residents showed that residents have a generally positive attitude towards the development of tourism considering its economic aspects, and then the desk study show edjustification of positive attitudes, thus confirming the main hypothesis. According to the analysis of the opinions of the local residents, it was found that the local residents positively perceived economic impact of tourism in two aspects: through increase in number of employees (employment and self-employment) as well as through the development of the community. The development of tourism in any destination in evitably leads to an increase of domestic and foreign investment, which then leads to the construction of infrastructure and suprastructure facilities, the introduction of various tourist taxis, and if it is possible, as it is the case with Fruška Gora Mountain, it can lead to a successful cross-border cooperation.
Google trends as predictor of grain prices
Authors: Gómez Martínez , Orden-Cruz Carmen , Prado Román
Published: April 2021

This paper examines the predictive power of Google trends on the grain's futures price movement. The aim was to validate if an algorithmic trading system designed was profitable and able of beating the market. In the research was used data from soybean futures and corn futures, both contracts are listed in the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. The results of the research show that its forecasting power is high when predicting soybean futures and corn futures prices. According to the findings, the formulation of such predictive analysis is a good option for individual traders, investors, and commercial firms.
Bulgaria's processed food industry: Transition to market economy
Authors: Ignjatijević Svetlana , Vassileva Antoaneta , Vapa-Tankosić Jelena , Vapa Bojan , Ristić Kristijan , Mihajlović Milan
Published: April 2021

The subject of the research is the analysis of the competitiveness and comparative advantage of the agricultural products and processed food products of Bulgaria on the international market. The study covers the period from 1998 to 2017. In order to measure the level of comparative advantage of the export and the degree of specialization in international trade RCA and GL indices have been used. The aim of or research was to identify products that have previously before the EU accession had, and still have, export potential. That is, the objective was to point the trend of changes in the foreign trade of processed food sector in the period before and after the EU accession in 2007. The results indicate that after joining the EU Bulgaria has changed its foreign trade structure. The decrease of exports and increase of imports of processed food sector products requires a comprehensive export strategy in order to strengthen its competitiveness.
Instruments of support in promotion of healthy food and food safety culture
Authors: Bjelajac Željko , Filipović Aleksandar , Banović Božidar
Published: April 2021

Food is imperative for biological survival. It is a necessity and a source of health and vitality if taken with the awareness of all the correlations between food and health and development. This paper aims to research the correlation between food, health, and longevity, and the factors in the chain of food safety and healthy food and diet to determine their role and significance and offer recommendations based on results and conclusions. Since children and adolescents are more likely to be affected by an unhealthy diet in the long term, their dietary habits were also researched. The paper identified the elements of importance for this problem - individuals, family, education system, media, food producers, state and international organizations. After analysis of the roles of all the elements and stakeholders in the chain of food safety and healthy diet, recommendations for each link in that chain were given.
Harvest residues ash as a pozzolanic additive for engineering applications: A review and the catalogue
Authors: Šupić Slobodan , Malešev Mirjana , Radonjanin Vlastimir
Published: April 2021

Biomass ashes originating from wood and harvest residues combustion may be considered as one of the prospective environmentally friendly candidates for supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) production. In the region of Vojvodina province, biomass waste is becoming increasingly important as ''green'' fuel, thus allowing the reduction of the environmental impact of waste disposal, lowering the expensive fossil fuels application and its subsequent greenhouse gasses emission. In the light of the above, the present paper surveys the experimental studies of harvest residues ash (HRA) as a pozzolanic additive for engineering applications. Thus far conducted research on the HRA possible application in cementitious systems, worldwide and in the studied region, has been summarized and the benefits of such approaches outlined. Finally, locally available types of wheat straw, soya straw, sunflower husk, silo waste, oil rapeseed - based ashes were collected, characterized both physically and chemically, evaluated and presented through catalogue. The reactivity results, depending on the amorphous silica content and the achieved level of fineness, are very promising in terms of the potential reuse of these ashes in cementing systems.
Prediction models for high-volume fly ash concrete practical application: Mechanical properties and experimental database
Authors: Dragaš Jelena , Marinković Snežana , Radonjanin Vlastimir
Published: April 2021

The analysis of available experimental results of high-volume fly ash concrete mechanical properties showed that extensive amount of research had been done so far. However, a comprehensive analysis of basic high-volume fly ash concrete mechanical properties was not found in the literature. Having that in mind, the database of 440 high-volume fly ash concrete and 151 cement concrete mixtures collected from literature was made. The application of European Code EN 1992-1-1 prediction models for cement concrete mechanical properties, as well as existing proposals for high-volume fly ash concrete properties, were statistically evaluated on the results from the database. The analysis showed that the prediction models defined in EN 1992-1-1 for compressive strength, tensile strength and for modulus of elasticity can be used for high-volume fly ash concrete, in the given form or with modifications proposed in literature, with similar accuracy and variation of results as for cement concrete. Own model for fly ash efficiency prediction was developed.
Numerical parametric study on steel-concrete composite floor beams vibrations due to pedestrian traffic
Authors: Gluhović Nina , Marković Zlatko , Spremić Milan
Published: April 2021

Human perception of floor vibrations and uncompromised serviceability of equipment are two most important acceptability criteria considering floor vibrations. While verification of deflection is a simple and well-known procedure in structures' design for serviceability limit state, the fulfilment of floor vibrations acceptability criteria are presented in different standards in the form of various calculation procedures. Results achieved through those calculation procedures are presented in the form of various classification of floor structures. Classification of composite floor structures due to vibrations is inconsistent considering different calculation procedures. Comparison of various calculation procedures for the definition of composite floor vibrations is presented in this paper. In addition, a parametric analysis is performed on the wide range of steel-concrete composite floor structures, through analysis of various composite floor layouts and a wide range of imposed loads values. The analysis of the relation between deflection, vertical vibrations and accelerations of steel-concrete composite floor beams is presented in this paper. The results of the parametric analysis are given through direct relation between deflections of composite beams and achieved floor class for the fulfilment of vibrations acceptability criteria due to the pedestrian walking.
Review of research in the function of structural engineering development in Serbia
Authors: Folić Radomir
Published: April 2021

Research at faculties in Serbia after WWII, even though they were fruit of individual efforts, resulted in significant theoretical contributions. Organized, mostly applied research was conducted within institutes with participation of scholars and researchers of the faculties. Since 1952, the Association of Yugoslav Laboratories (AYL) consolidated the research, thus providing a considerable contribution to the structural engineering in Serbia. This contribution in the field of theory and practice was the basis for the notable achievements that glorified our structural engineering worldwide. Theoretical contributions contained in the doctoral dissertations in the field of Theory of structures and Geotechnics are significant, so they were listed in the paper. Majority of these studies became a part of research project as late as in 1976, and they are briefly presented in the paper. The synthesis of project results from fundamental and technological development research was published in numerous monographs, articles, papers and proceedings of scientific and professional meetings and some of them are commented in this paper. The necessity to introduce technical regulations which have already been adopted in the EU countries EN 1990 to 1999, i.e. the Eurocode, was emphasized. There is a brief discussion of several research directions which are topical nationwide as well as worldwide.
Investigation of direct electrochemical oxidation of neonicotinoid pesticide thiamethoxam in water
Authors: Stupar Stevan , Ivanković Negovan , Grgur Branimir , Tomašević Anđelka , Mijin Dušan , Koprivica Kosana
Published: April 2021

In recent decades an increase usage of chemicals in many ways of modern life is evident. So, the possibility of its intake into organisms, human and animals poisoning and health damage, is nowadays on a high level, especially when it comes to disaster situations caused by using toxic chemicals in terrorist attacks or for military purposes. If we look ahead, the risk of pesticide contamination of the water and soil, as one of the most important resources for surviving, is always present. The wide spectra of pesticide negative effects on the environment initiate the increasing number of investigations of efficient pesticide removal methods, especially from water. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of direct electrochemical oxidation as a method for in-situ degradation of pesticides in the aquatic environment, depending on the concentration of pesticides, present electrolytes, applied current and the pH value of the medium. As a model molecule, the neonicotinoid pesticide thiamethoxam was used. Kinetics of thiamethoxam degradation in aqueous solution was followed by UV/Vis spectrometry.
A Python package for text processing for Serbian: nlpheart
Authors: Ostrogonac Stevan , Rastović Borko , Liliom Elizaveta
Published: April 2021

Within the past two decades, text processing became an important part of most state-of-the-art advanced automation systems. However, for many under-resourced languages it is still challenging to perform textual data preparation, due to the lack of adequate tools. In this work, a python package for text processing for Serbian called nlpheart is presented. This package has been developed in industry and it is planned to be released as an open-source text processing tool for Serbian for academic purposes as well.
Kidney, liver and heart donation and transplantation in the Republic of Serbia for the period 2010-2016
Authors: Vlačić Aleksandra , Nikolić Aleksandra , Šipetić-Grujičić Sandra
Published: April 2021

Introduction/aim: It is estimated that in 2017, 139,024 solid organ transplants (kidney, liver, heart, lungs, pancreas, small intestine) were performed, which is only 10% of global needs. The aim of this descriptive study was to analyze the frequency of donation and transplantation of solid organs (kidney, liver and heart) in Republic of Serbia for the period 2010-2016. Methods: Data on the number of donors and the number of transplanted organs in Serbia, for the period 2010-2016, were obtained from the Annual reports of the Ministry of Health Republic of Serbia -Directorate of Biomedicine. Data on the population of Serbia were taken from the 2011 census. Proportions and rates were used in the analysis of the obtained data. Results: In Republic of Serbia, average donation rate, for the period 2010-2016, was 3.7 pmp. During the last seven years, among all performed transplants from deceased donors, the largest percentage were transplants of kidneys (78.3%), followed by liver (16.9%) and heart (4.8%). In transplant centers in Serbia, for the period 2010-2016, 537 kidney transplants were performed, 328 from deceased and 209 from living donors. The average rate of kidney transplants for the seven-year period was 10.6 pmp, or 4.1 pmp for living donors and 6.5 pmp for deceased donors. In the same period, 71 liver transplants and 20 heart transplants from deceased donors were performed, and the average transplant rates were 1.4 pmp and 0.4 pmp. Conclusion: In the observed period, the lowest rates of kidney transplantation from living and deceased donors, as well as liver and heart from deceased donors, were recorded in Serbia, in relation to all other European countries. The field of organ transplantation in Serbia is legally regulated by the Law on Human Organ Transplantation. Conditions for achieving quality standards and safety of human organs for transplantation have been determined by this law, as well as working conditions and ways of organizing the health system to ensure optimal organ transplantation and provision, high level of protection of human health, as well as respect priority interests for the preservation of life and health and protection of basic human rights and dignity of organ donors and recipients. Special emphasis should be placed on educating the population and health care workers about the importance of organ donation.
Consideraciones ético-político-afectivas en investigaciones feministas: articulaciones situadas entre academia y activismo
Authors: Osorio-Cabrera Daniela , Gandarias Itziar , Fulladosa Karina
Published: April 2021

Este artículo tiene como objetivo realizar reflexiones teórico-epistemológicas en base a nuestras experiencias articuladas de investigación activista con perspectiva feminista. En base a un proceso de reflexión dialógica conjunta, compartimos algunas pistas de las dimensiones ético-político-afectivas de los procesos de investigación. Para ello ponemos en diálogo nuestros procesos de investigación con las epistemologías feministas y el intercambio con otras pensadoras-investigadoras feministas. Proponemos poner en valor las relaciones de afecto y amistad, que permiten que nuestras investigaciones sean más habitables. Apostamos por una reflexividad que se deja afectar y atravesar por las emociones como herramienta del conocimiento. Incorporamos el análisis semiótico-material de nuestros propios cuerpos, no para caer en la autorreferencia, sino para contemplar sus efectos en la producción de conocimiento. En síntesis, proponemos otras posibilidades de producción de conocimiento desde las experiencias corporales, los afectos y las diversas relaciones que vamos tejiendo y que sostienen nuestros procesos de investigación para construir colectivamente un conocimiento encarnado y situado, comprometido con la constitución de modos de vida vivibles.The aim of this article is to make theoretical-epistemological reflections based on our articulated experiences of activist research with a feminist perspective. Based on a process of joint dialogical reflection, we share some clues about the ethical-political-affective dimensions of the research processes. To this end, we put our research processes in dialogue with feminist epistemologies and the exchange with other feminist thinkers-researchers. We propose to value affective relationships and friendship, which allow our research to be more habitable. We are committed to a reflexivity that allows itself to be affected and traversed by emotions as a tool for knowledge. We incorporate the semiotic-material analysis of our own bodies, not to fall into self-reference, but to contemplate their effects on the production of knowledge. In short, we propose other possibilities for the production of knowledge based on bodily experiences, affects and the diverse relationships that we weave and that sustain our research processes in order to collectively build an embodied and situated knowledge, committed to the constitution of livable ways of life.
Las estadísticas de criminalidad sexual en España: una propuesta de caracterización
Authors: Ballesteros Doncel Esmeralda , Blanco Moreno Francisca
Published: April 2021

La violencia sexual contra mujeres y niñas es una de las formas más brutales de violencia de género y, al mismo tiempo, un delito largamente silenciado. La disponibilidad de estadísticas periódicas, rigurosas y confiables es un requisito para monitorizar cualquier fenómeno de interés público y, en el caso de la violencia sexual, un requerimiento ineludible para diseñar políticas e intervenciones orientadas a su prevención, intervención y reparación. Este artículo quiere ser una contribución por las víctimas de cualquier forma de violencia sexual y, en particular, una reflexión política de denuncia ante la injustificada falta de calidad de fuentes cuantitativas para el estudio de este suceso en España. En la primera parte, identificamos los organismos responsables de producir y difundir estadísticas de criminalidad sexual, proponiéndose una primera evaluación de las principales fuentes disponibles que implicaría problematizar sobre el sub-registro estadístico de esta tipología penal y examinar las deficiencias técnicas que presentan los datos publicados.  En la segunda parte, presentamos una compilación de las series sobre delincuencia sexual extraídas de los distintos Anuarios Estadísticos publicados por el Ministerio del Interior desde 1987, advirtiendo su escasa capacidad para un estudio cuantitativo riguroso de las violencias sexuales.Sexual violence against women and girls is one of the most brutal forms of gender violence and, at the same time, a long-silenced crime. The availability of periodic, rigorous and reliable statistics is a requirement to monitor any phenomenon of public interest and, in the case of sexual violence, an unavoidable requirement to design policies and interventions aimed at prevention, eradication, intervention and reparation. This article wants to be a contribution to the struggle of women victims of any form of sexual violence and, in particular, a political reflection of denunciation against the unjustified shortage of quantitative sources and the inexplicable low quality of the data for the study of this event in Spain. In the first part, we identify the agencies responsible for producing and disseminating sexual crime statistics, making a succinct evaluation of the main sources available. In the second part, we present a compilation of the series on sexual delinquency extracted from the different Statistical Yearbooks published by the Ministry of the Interior since 1987, noting its low capacity for a rigorous quantitative study of sexual violence.
Pseudónimos: ¿identidad metafísica o artística?
Authors: González Fernández Rodrigo Alfonso
Published: April 2021

Pese a su uso e importancia, no hay investigaciones semánticas sobre los pseudónimos. Aunque resulta claro que los nombres ficticios son importantes en la definición de la identidad de un artista, no ha habido mayor investigación sobre el rol que desempeñan. Aquí, justamente intento mostrar que son fundamentales en el arte, porque permiten crear la identidad de un personaje, pero ello ocurre principalmente en el mundo social. Dada la escasez de investigaciones sobre los pseudónimos y sobre su conexión con la identidad, este artículo muestra: i) que no pueden ser designadores rígidos kripkeanos; ii) que la identidad que conllevan es puramente artística, y no metafísica. En la primera sección, apoyo parte de la propuesta de Kripke acerca de los designadores rígidos: los nombres propios, como tales designadores, deben analizarse a la luz de los mundos posibles; esto es, en términos de cómo podrían haber resultado las cosas de otra manera. En la segunda sección, examino los antecedentes y las consecuencias de que dichos nombres sean designadores rígidos. En la tercera, en cambio, argumento que los pseudónimos no pueden ser designadores rígidos como los nombres propios. Dicha conclusión es alcanzada a partir de la variación de un experimento mental kripkeano, uno que versa sobre Dios y el esfuerzo de Él para crear objetos. En la sección final muestro que los pseudónimos, en vez de designar rígidamente, crean personajes en el mundo social. Por ello la identidad que conllevan no es interna a los objetos; por el contrario, es un tipo de identidad que solo pertenece al mundo social.
Entre teses e textos: Como o tema da inferioridade da mulher aparece nos ensaios que Freud dedica à sexualidade feminina?
Authors: Silveira Léa
Published: April 2021

O pensamento freudiano certamente conta entre as próprias condições de possibilidade do feminismo. A tese da bissexualidade originária do ser humano é fundamental nesse sentido porque ela serve de ponto de partida para a ideia de que a sexuação resulta de um processo, resulta de um tornar-se. Não estando dada de uma vez por todas, como se se tratasse de algo natural, ela pode ser entendida tanto no seu fator disruptivo relativamente a uma série de constrições tradicional e ideologicamente vinculadas ao organismo biológico, quanto nas possibilidades históricas que carrega consigo naquilo que concerne à própria construção do humano. Mas, por outro lado, não podemos negligenciar o fato de que as últimas considerações de Freud sobre a sexualidade feminina apresentam teses inapelavelmente inaceitáveis. Entre elas, lembremos que Freud situa as mulheres na contracorrente da civilização ao sustentar que nós seríamos menos capazes de sublimação e que possuiríamos um Supereu mais fraco. O objetivo do artigo é mostrar em detalhe como Freud tece suas teses a respeito da inferioridade feminina, sem diminuir o tom dessas teses, sem escamoteá-las e, ao mesmo tempo, tentando mostrar como elas produzem suas próprias armadilhas, ou seja, tentando destacar os momentos em que a argumentação de Freud simplesmente não se sustenta, ficando refém de modo não marginal de alguns preconceitos próprios.
Una negación sin negatividad: la afirmación entre Lacan y Deleuze
Authors: Durán Rojas Cristóbal , Coloma Arenas Manuel
Published: April 2021

El objetivo del presente artículo consiste en exponer el modo en el cual Lacan y Deleuze pueden contribuir a delinear una hipótesis sobre el estatuto de la afirmación. Pese a que tradicionalmente se ha tratado de mantener una separación estricta entre ambos pensamientos, mostraremos que existe la posibilidad de exponer una afirmación radicalizada, que pondría a ambos en la pista de un pluralismo abierto a las diferencias singulares no reducibles a una identidad dominante. En ambos casos, ello supondría una puesta en entredicho y una reformulación de la negación. La lectura desarrollada por Lacan a partir del comentario hegeliano de la Verneinung, llevada a cabo por Jean Hyppolite, permite entender cómo la negatividad abre más bien cierto tipo de afirmación, que quizá anticipa la formulación de una ontología de la diferencia, como la que Deleuze advierte en Hyppolite contra Hegel. Intentaremos mostrar que dicha afirmación se produce conceptualmente al momento de elaborar cierta destitución del problema de la negatividad. En su mutuo refuerzo, advertiremos que se puede pensar una potencia de afirmación de la diferencia, apoyada en esta alianza entre una teoría elaborada desde preocupaciones clínicas (la clínica de las psicosis, en particular) y un pensamiento obstinado en sustraer a la diferencia de la negatividad.
Por uma história e método da recepção filosófica da psicanálise: esboço de um programa de pesquisa
Authors: Freitas Pinto Weiny César
Published: April 2021

O artigo apresenta um esboço de programa de pesquisa sobre a recepção filosófica da psicanálise, baseado em uma dupla proposta: 1) a formulação de uma história dessa recepção, 2) a possibilidade de extrair dessa história, um método. A argumentação se desenvolve em duas direções: i) na caracterização geral das maiores tradições de recepção filosófica da psicanálise — as tradições alemã, anglo-saxã e francesa —, seguida da análise específica dos trabalhos da filosofia brasileira da psicanálise e do freudismo filosófico francês; ii) na discussão de questões metodológicas: a) de história, b) de método e c) de locus, que constituem o problema de saber se uma história da recepção filosófica da psicanálise pode nos fornecer, ou não, um novo método de pensamento. A principal conclusão do trabalho é a de que um programa de pesquisa sobre a recepção filosófica da psicanálise, concebido nos termos aqui propostos – história e método –, deve ser levado adiante especialmente pela recepção filosófica brasileira da psicanálise, isto é, tudo indica que é do conjunto de pesquisas realizadas no Brasil que poderá surgir uma “história e método da recepção filosófica da psicanálise”.
A irredutibilidade ética do sujeito: Lacan entre Kant e Sade
Authors: De Andrade Tatiane , Birman Joel
Published: April 2021

Escrito em 1963, três anos depois do seminário sobre A ética da psicanálise, o texto de Jaques Lacan, Kant com Sade, possibilita férteis discussões a respeito da prática analítica. Quais os limites desta prática? Qual é a razão que a sustenta? A prática analítica é um saber, uma ética ou uma terapêutica? Quais os pressupostos que orientam a sua ação? É evidente que não dispomos de condições necessárias e suficientes para respondermos a tais perguntas no limite de um artigo, tampouco temos a pretensão de fazê-lo. Entretanto, as tomaremos como bússola em busca de pistas sobre a prática analítica lacaniana e o solo em que repousa até a década de 1960. A partir do texto Kant com Sade e do Seminário VII, A ética da psicanálise, ambos escritos por Lacan, buscaremos as semelhanças e diferenças irreconciliáveis entre a lei moral kantiana, a vontade de gozo sadeana e a ética psicanalítica, apontando que é a partir das consequências práticas, efetuadas pelo Marquês de Sade, da aplicação de uma razão pura, tal qual proposta por Kant, que Lacan buscará um novo horizonte para a prática analítica não mais baseada no desejo puro. Nesse sentido, tanto o filósofo alemão Immanuel Kant quanto o escritor francês Marquês de Sade, contemporâneos dos ares da modernidade, expõem um princípio universal pelo qual a ação é valorada. Princípio cuja execução evidencia sua dimensão ética, política e, com Lacan, clínica. Nessa pista, faremos uma discussão a propósito da perversão e da melancolia como limites à prática analítica.
Editorial
Authors: Peruzzo Júnior Léo , Oliveira Jelson , Valverde Antônio , Ribeiro da Fonseca Eduardo , Prado de Oliveira Luiz Eduardo
Published: April 2021

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É desse Amor que eu sofro. Hermenêutica feminina da experiência mística – a Minne Medieval em Hadewijch da Antuérpia
Authors: Amaral Maria José Caldeira do , Villas Boas Alex , Provinciatto Luís Gabriel
Published: April 2021

Hadewijch dialoga com os pensadores do patrimônio medieval cristão de maneira íntima, dada a sua erudição, ousando inserir aspectos absolutos em sua experiência, oferecendo, em sua obra, a possibilidade de uma hermenêutica feminina do Amor, a Minne medieval, que sustenta uma vida de ser Deus com Deus, não sem antes atravessar uma fisiologia humana e natural que sobrevive à dissolução de si mesma. Para tanto, pretende-se fazer uso dos Fundamentos filosóficos da mística medieval (1919/1920), de Martin Heidegger, para abordar fenomenologicamente a experiência mística de Hadewijch da Antuérpia, sem pretender com isso desmistificar a mística, ou seja, aceitá-la como um objeto de pesquisa filosófica, mas encontrar nessa experiência da Presença de Deus que a beguina da Antuérpia experimenta e relata, um solo de abertura para a realização prévia da experiência fundamental. A indagação filosófica de Hadewijch a Heidegger está implícita em sua experiência humana com Deus como aquela que é origem do próprio filosofar porque ela enfrenta a derrota da razão nesse empreendimento poético, visionário e epistolar. A mística, enquanto objeto de pesquisa, será sempre uma crítica à ciência porque não se deixa capturar pela construção teórica, pois é absorvida pelo indelével, pelo indizível e por desdobramentos filosóficos amplos demais que vão desde a conduta reta dos ímpios ou o desejo ao bem — o único e o maior bem —, ao próprio niilismo que aponta para o Amor, não somente como o êxtase desejado e alcançado, mas com seu maior desdobramento em ser autêntico e revelador da realidade humana exilada no Amor por causa do Amor. É desse Amor que ela sofre.
O toque inefável de Deus na alma-da-alma: reflexões sobre a mística em Edith Stein
Authors: Peretti Clelia
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo discute a mística em Edith Stein a partir da análise fenomenológica da experiência mística carmelina. Apresenta elementos de compreensão da busca da verdade e seu sentido. A mística em Edith Stein é existencial, relacional, encarnada e trinitária. A conversão ao cristianismo conduz a filósofa à compreensão do caminho fenomenológico, perpassado pelo pensamento de Tomás de Aquino que contribui no esclarecimento do conceito de Deus e do ser humano como pessoa, um ser livre aberto à transcendência. No seu itinerário investigativo estabelece uma conexão entre teologia e filosofia e entre saber e crer. A experiência mística é discutida como fenômeno religioso, que se dá no sujeito místico e se comunica por meio de símbolos ou testemunhos. Ela analisa este fenômeno a partir da experiência São João da Cruz e Teresa D’Ávila. A vivência mística pressupõe o conhecimento e a fé, é uma realidade própria, experienciada, vivida, testemunhada e documentada de encontro com Deus, Verbo divino Encarnado. A teologia mística tem seu ápice na Ciência da Cruz, vida vivida em conformidade com este símbolo. A experiência mística atravessa a complexa unidade de corpo, psique e alma e as complexas unidades de sentido das vivências. A alma é o “lugar” da união mística e a Trindade é “lugar” da comunhão pela qual é possível ascender “para” Cristo, quando se está “em” Cristo. O caminho da mística é o encontro com Deus que, sendo o Amor eterno, apresenta-se como um fogo devorador. “Deus é amor”. Ser possuído por Deus, quando o espírito estiver preparado, é inflamar-se em amor.
Quando os subalternos falam das subalternas
Authors: Toldy Teresa
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo pretende ensaiar uma crítica ao discurso da Igreja Católica acerca das mulheres à luz do conceito de subalternidade proposto por Spivak, nomeadamente identificando os silenciamentos das vozes das subalternas através da sua ausência discursiva e do conceito de representação/substituição das vozes das mesmas por um discurso não-subalterno, prescritivo dos papéis sociais das mulheres segundo os documentos do Vaticano.
Artistoo, a library to build, share, and explore simulations of cells and tissues in the web browser
Authors: Wortel Inge MN , Textor Johannes
Published: April 2021

The cellular Potts model (CPM) is a powerful in silico method for simulating biological processes at tissue scale. Their inherently graphical nature makes CPMs very accessible in theory, but in practice, they are mostly implemented in specialised frameworks users need to master before they can run simulations. We here present Artistoo (Artificial Tissue Toolbox), a JavaScript library for building ‘explorable’ CPM simulations where viewers can change parameters interactively, exploring their effects in real time. Simulations run directly in the web browser and do not require third-party software, plugins, or back-end servers. The JavaScript implementation imposes no major performance loss compared to frameworks written in C++; Artistoo remains sufficiently fast for interactive, real-time simulations. Artistoo provides an opportunity to unlock CPM models for a broader audience: interactive simulations can be shared via a URL in a zero-install setting. We discuss applications in CPM research, science dissemination, open science, and education.
Spatiotemporal recruitment of RhoGTPase protein GRAF inhibits actomyosin ring constriction in Drosophila cellularization
Authors: Sharma Swati , Rikhy Richa
Published: April 2021

Actomyosin contractility is regulated by Rho-GTP in cell migration, cytokinesis and morphogenesis in embryo development. Whereas Rho activation by Rho-GTP exchange factor (GEF), RhoGEF2, is well known in actomyosin contractility during cytokinesis at the base of invaginating membranes in Drosophila cellularization, Rho inhibition by RhoGTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) remains to be studied. We have found that the RhoGAP, GRAF, inhibits actomyosin contractility during cellularization. GRAF is enriched at the cleavage furrow tip during actomyosin assembly and initiation of ring constriction. Graf depletion shows increased Rho-GTP, increased Myosin II and ring hyper constriction dependent upon the loss of the RhoGTPase domain. GRAF and RhoGEF2 are present in a balance for appropriate activation of actomyosin ring constriction. RhoGEF2 depletion and abrogation of Myosin II activation in Rho kinase mutants suppress the Graf hyper constriction defect. Therefore, GRAF recruitment restricts Rho-GTP levels in a spatiotemporal manner for inhibiting actomyosin contractility during cellularization.
Simultaneous trimodal single-cell measurement of transcripts, epitopes, and chromatin accessibility using TEA-seq
Authors: Swanson Elliott , Lord Cara , Reading Julian , Heubeck Alexander T , Genge Palak C , Thomson Zachary , Weiss Morgan DA , Li Xiao-jun , Savage Adam K , Green Richard R , Torgerson Troy R , Bumol Thomas F , Graybuck Lucas T , Skene Peter J
Published: April 2021

Single-cell measurements of cellular characteristics have been instrumental in understanding the heterogeneous pathways that drive differentiation, cellular responses to signals, and human disease. Recent advances have allowed paired capture of protein abundance and transcriptomic state, but a lack of epigenetic information in these assays has left a missing link to gene regulation. Using the heterogeneous mixture of cells in human peripheral blood as a test case, we developed a novel scATAC-seq workflow that increases signal-to-noise and allows paired measurement of cell surface markers and chromatin accessibility: integrated cellular indexing of chromatin landscape and epitopes, called ICICLE-seq. We extended this approach using a droplet-based multiomics platform to develop a trimodal assay that simultaneously measures transcriptomics (scRNA-seq), epitopes, and chromatin accessibility (scATAC-seq) from thousands of single cells, which we term TEA-seq. Together, these multimodal single-cell assays provide a novel toolkit to identify type-specific gene regulation and expression grounded in phenotypically defined cell types.
Augmenter of liver regeneration regulates cellular iron homeostasis by modulating mitochondrial transport of ATP-binding cassette B8
Authors: Chang Hsiang-Chun , Shapiro Jason Solomon , Jiang Xinghang , Senyei Grant , Sato Teruki , Geier Justin , Sawicki Konrad T , Ardehali Hossein
Published: April 2021

Chronic loss of Augmenter of Liver Regeneration (ALR) results in mitochondrial myopathy with cataracts; however, the mechanism for this disorder remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that loss of ALR, a principal component of the MIA40/ALR protein import pathway, results in impaired cytosolic Fe/S cluster biogenesis in mammalian cells. Mechanistically, MIA40/ALR facilitates the mitochondrial import of ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-B8, an inner mitochondrial membrane protein required for cytoplasmic Fe/S cluster maturation, through physical interaction with ABCB8. Downregulation of ALR impairs mitochondrial ABCB8 import, reduces cytoplasmic Fe/S cluster maturation, and increases cellular iron through the iron regulatory protein-iron response element system. Our finding thus provides a mechanistic link between MIA40/ALR import machinery and cytosolic Fe/S cluster maturation through the mitochondrial import of ABCB8, and offers a potential explanation for the pathology seen in patients with ALR mutations.
Optimal 1-NN prototypes for pathological geometries
Authors: Sucholutsky Ilia , Schonlau Matthias
Published: April 2021

Using prototype methods to reduce the size of training datasets can drastically reduce the computational cost of classification with instance-based learning algorithms like the k-Nearest Neighbour classifier. The number and distribution of prototypes required for the classifier to match its original performance is intimately related to the geometry of the training data. As a result, it is often difficult to find the optimal prototypes for a given dataset, and heuristic algorithms are used instead. However, we consider a particularly challenging setting where commonly used heuristic algorithms fail to find suitable prototypes and show that the optimal number of prototypes can instead be found analytically. We also propose an algorithm for finding nearly-optimal prototypes in this setting, and use it to empirically validate the theoretical results. Finally, we show that a parametric prototype generation method that normally cannot solve this pathological setting can actually find optimal prototypes when combined with the results of our theoretical analysis.