bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Novel Drainage Strategy Using Chest Tube Plus Pleural Catheter in Uniportal Upper Lobectomy: A Randomized Study
Authors: Yang Fu , Wang Xing , Xu Honglei , Aramini Beatrice , Zhu Yuming , Jiang Gening , Fan Jiang
Published: June 2022

Objective: We aims to explored whether one pleural catheter plus single chest tube drainage, may achieve a non-inferior drainage effect when compared to the traditional two chest tubes in uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for an upper pulmonary lobectomy. Methods: Patients that underwent an upper pulmonary lobectomy from January to November 2020 were enrolled in this single-center, randomized, open-label, non-inferiority trial. Prior to closure, patients randomized to an intervention group received an improved drainage strategy involving one pleural catheter with one chest tube (24Fr), while traditional double-chest-tube drainage was applied for the control group. Results: A total of 390 patients entered the study, though 190 were excluded for changing non-uniportal surgical approaches or opting for non-lobectomy resections. Finally, 200 patients were randomized (100 in intervention group and 100 in control group). The baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were comparable between the groups. The incidence of pneumothorax in the intervention and control groups was similar on postoperative day 1 (non-inferiority, 10% vs. 13%, P = 0.658). In addition, there were no significant differences in secondary outcomes like incidence of pneumothorax by day 30, postoperative chest tube/pleural catheter removal time, amount of drainage on day 1, total amount of drainage after operation, or postoperative hospitalization. A significantly lower pain score was observed in the intervention group (3.33±0.68 vs. 3.68±0.94, P = 0.003).Conclusions: The new strategy is non-inferior to double-chest-tube drainage after an upper pulmonary lobectomy, offers superior pain control, and is recommended for an upper lobectomy by uniportal VATS. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04461652, 8th /07/2020.
Android design and assessment of a Björk-Jarabak-based application for cephalometric diagnosis in Latin-American people
Authors: Trenado-Sánchez Esperanza , Vargas-Vázquez Damian , Jiménez-Sánchez Angelica Rosario , Gómez-Loenzo Roberto Augusto , Cruz-Hernández Andrés
Published: June 2022

The objective of this study is to design an application for cephalometric diagnosis which matches as much as possible the results of the traditional manual tracing in the lateral skull radiograph; for this purpose, an application (UCeph) was designed for Android; the improvement of the application, based on the results of the pilot test. To analyze the concordance of the diagnosis produced by our application and the "hand-tracing", the radiographic image was uploaded, and then printed on photographic paper; to plot the nine measurements: six linear and three angular, using the Björk-Jarabak analysis. The results of the application were compared to the manual tracing using the kappa test; no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between the two groups, and a very good reliability is shown in the use of the application. Likewise, a financial viability analysis and an impact assessment were carried out. This demonstrates that the software is accessible and competitive in our Latin American market. The results of the impact assessment suggest that UCeph has had a greater impact on decreasing both the tracing time and possible human errors, as well as helping produce better diagnoses, and positive effects on the environment.
Unintended effects of transgenic rice on grain yield and quality traits determined by quantitative proteomics
Authors: Sun Yue , Chen Huizhen , Chen Zhongkai , Wang Chunlei , Qin Lu , Lin Xiaoli , Cai Yicong , Zhou Dahu , Ouyang Linjuan , Zhu Changlan , Peng Xiaosong , He Haohua
Published: June 2022

Omics techniques provide effective detection tools for assessing the potential impact of plant composition at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels. Among these, protein is the executor of gene function and the embodiment of biological traits, so that organisms show various genetic characteristics. Proteomics can be used to assess whether genetic engineering will lead to changes in plant traits beyond those introduced by conventional plant breeding. Here, we compare the extent of the proteome occurring in the leaves of three transgenic rice restore lines expressing CRY1C and CRY2A genes developed by genetic engineering and their corresponding recurrent parents developed by conventional breeding. CRY1C and CRY2A genes were inserted into chromosomes 11 and 12, respectively, which significantly improved the resistance of restore lines to Chilo suppressalis. Although differentially expressed proteins could be distinguished between transgenic rice and its recurrent parents, these differences were not sufficient to cause unintended effects on grain yield and quality traits of transgenic rice. In contrast, differences in phenotypic traits are more because of differences in genetic background. Functional cluster analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins caused by the insertion of exogenous genes did not involve harmful metabolic pathways. The study successfully used 4D label-free quantitative proteomics technology to assess the unexpected changes in new rice varieties, and the results showed that transgenic rice did not cause unintended effects.
Tofacitinib fails to prevent T cell transfer colitis in mice but ameliorates disease activity
Authors: Subramanyam Sudheendra Hebbar , Hrcziko Judit Turyne , Pappas Angeliki , Schippers Angela , Wagner Nobert , Ohl Kim , Tenbrock Klaus
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Tofactinib is a JAK inhibitor approved for ulcerative colitis in humans. Despite of its’ proven effectiveness in humans, mechanistic data are scarce on the effectiveness of Tofactinib in experimental colitis in mice. Methods: We induced experimental colitis by transfer of CD4 + CD25- isolated T cells into lymphopenic RAG2-/- mice and treated these mice with tofacitinib for 5–6 weeks either with a dosage of 10 or 40 mg/kg body weight immediately after CD4 + transfer or started treatment after first symptoms of disease for several weeks. Results: While treatment with tofacitinib immediately after transfer resulted in an enhanced expansion of CD4 + T cells and did not prevent occurrence of colitis, treatment after start of symptoms of colitis ameliorated disease activity on a clinical basis and in histological analyses. Discussion: Tofacitinib is effective in the treatment of murine experimental T cell transfer colitis, however does not prevent occurrence of disease.
Evaluating the harmonisation potential of diverse cohort datasets
Authors: Bauermeister Sarah , Phatak Mukta , Sparks Kelly , Sargent Lana , Grizwold Michael , McHugh Caitlin , Nalls Mike , Young Simon , Bauermeister Joshua , Molnar Vanda , Walls Ramona , Elliot Paul , Steptoe Andrew , Porteous David , Dufouil Carole , Gallacher John
Published: June 2022

Background: Data discovery, the ability to find datasets relevant to an analysis, accelerates science, increases scientific opportunity, and improves scientific rigour. Rapid growth in the depth, breadth, quantity and availability of data provides unprecedented opportunities and challenges for data discovery. A potential tool for increasing the efficiency of data discovery, particularly across multiple datasets is data harmonisation.Methods: A core set of 124 variables, identified as being of broad interest to neurodegeneration, were harmonised using the C-Surv data model for the purpose of data discovery and conducting feasibility analyses. Widely used data conventions, optimised for inclusiveness rather than aetiological precision, were used as harmonisation rules. The harmonisation scheme was applied to data from four diverse population cohorts.Results: Core variables covered 15 of 18 data themes used by the C-Surv data model. Correspondence between the harmonised data schema and cohort-specific data models was close for 61 variables that were directly mapped, 48 variables that were transformed to a binary (yes /no) format and for 6 variables than were standardised to the Z distribution. Harmonisation was more challenging for the remaining 9 socioeconomic and lifestyle variables; these requiring value judgements prioritising inclusivity over informativeness to be made.Conclusions: Although harmonisation is not an exact science, sufficient comparability across datasets was achieved to enable data discovery with relatively little loss of informativeness. This provides a basis for further work extending harmonisation to increase the core variable list, applying the harmonisation to further datasets, and incentivising the development of data discovery tools.
125I brachytherapy: a useful treatment to control painful osteogenic bone metastases
Authors: Liu Yiming , Xu Kaihao , Wu Kunpeng , Jiao Dechao , Han Xinwei
Published: June 2022

Backgrounds: 125I brachytherapy is effective in relieving cancer pain due to osteolytic bone metastases. However, fewer studies focused on painful osteogenic bone metastases (OBMs), we conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy of 125I brachytherapy for the treatment of painful OBMs.Methods: From April 2017 to April 2019, 65 patients of OBMs were treated with CT/Cone-beam CT (CBCT)-guided 125I brachytherapy. Technical success, visual analog scale scores (VAS), daily morphine consumption (DMC), relief of pain (RoP), quality of life (QoL), local tumor control (LCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were recorded and analyzed. The Logistic regression analysis and the Cox regression models were performed to predict RoP and the PFS, respectively. Results: Technical success rates were 100%. VAS and DMC continuously decreased significantly at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, and 10 weeks (all P<0.05). The RoP at 6 weeks was 84.62%. QoL including sleep, appetite, spiritual state, and fatigue showed improvement at 6 and 10 weeks. LCR was 100% at 10 weeks. The PFS and OS were 10.40 and 29.80 months, respectively. Two factors were significantly associated with the RoP: max diameter (MD< 3 cm vs. ≥ 3 cm, P=0.028) and serum levels of bone alkaline phosphatase (B-ALP) (< 100 U/L vs. ≥ 100 U/L, P=0.038). Three independent risk factors were identified for PFS: D90 < 110 Gy (HR 2.89, P=0.012), B-ALP ≥ 100 U/L (HR 3.39, P=0.009), and MD ≥ 3 cm (HR 5.86, P=0.005). Conclusions: 125I brachytherapy is an effective treatment in relieving painful OBMs and improving patients’ QoL.
tRNA modification and codon usage control pathogen secretion in host cells
Authors: Li Gang , Gong Ziwen , Dulal Nawaraj , Wilson Richard
Published: June 2022

Animal and plant microbial pathogens deploy effector proteins and virulence factors to manipulate host cell innate immunity, often using unconventional secretion routes that are poorly understood. Transfer RNA (tRNA) anticodon modifications occur across taxa, but few biological functions are known. Here, in the devastating blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, we find that unconventional protein secretion in living host rice cells depends on tRNA modification and codon usage. Using gene deletions, mass spectrometry and live-cell imaging, we characterized the M. oryzae Uba4-Urm1 sulfur relay system mediating tRNA anticodon wobble uridine 2-thiolation (s2U34), a conserved modification required for efficient decoding of AA-ending cognate codons. In M. oryzae, cytoplasmic effectors like Pwl2 and AVR-Pita are translocated into host cells via an unconventional secretion route; apoplastic effectors like Bas4 are secreted by the conventional ER-Golgi pathway. Loss of U34 thiolation abolished PWL2 and AVR-PITA (but not BAS4) mRNA translation in host cells. Paromomycin treatment, which increases near-cognate tRNA acceptance, restored Pwl2 and AVR-Pita production in U34 thiolation-deficient mutant strains. Synonymous AA- to AG-ending codon changes remediated PWL2 mRNA translation in Δuba4; in UBA4+, expressing recoded PWL2 resulted in Pwl2 super-secretion that destabilized the microbe-host cell interface. Thus, wobble U34 tRNA thiolation and codon usage tune pathogen unconventional protein secretion in host cells.
Downregulated miR-15b-5p induces suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6) expression during viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus infection in olive flounder
Authors: Lee Yun Ju , Park Eun Gyung , Kim Woo Ryung , Bae Woo Hyeon , Lee Du Hyeong , Lee Yoonhang , Kim Do-hyoung , Choi Yung Hyun , Cha Hee‑Jae , Kim Suhkmann , Kim Heui-Soo
Published: June 2022

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNAs consisted of 21–25 nucleotides that modulate the gene expression by binding to 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of target messenger RNA (mRNA) at the post-transcriptional level. The miRNAs are well known to participate in various physiological processes including cellular differentiation, apoptosis, angiogenesis and immune responses. In particular, during a viral infection, the virus regulates host miRNA expression to evade host immunity. In this study, we investigated whether viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infection affects the expression of miR-15b-5p and its target gene, suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS6) in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). The relative expression of miR-15b-5p and SOCS6 was analyzed in VHSV-infected olive flounder at different time points: 1, 3, and 7 days post infection (dpi). The expression of miR-15b-5p was decreased in the infected group but that of SOCS6 was increased. These alterations in miR-15b-5p and SOCS6 expression suggest that they could be important factors regulated by VHSV during infection.
A ToBRFV similar to a European isolate in a Mexican greenhouse, its presence in seeds and its inactivation for virus integrated management.
Authors: Vargas-Mejía Pablo , Salas-Aranda Daniel A. , García-López Irving J. , Pérez-Alfaro Ruth S. , de Dios Emmanuel Ávila , Santoyo-Villa J. Natzul , Alcalá-Briseño Ricardo I. , Silva-Rosales Laura
Published: June 2022

Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV) has acquired a general interest after being reported in at least twenty-three countries, causing concerns in the tomato global agro-industry. Therefore, different aspects of integrated management (disease identification, sources of infection, and sanitation procedures) are of paramount importance. Here we report the identification and molecular characterization of a ToBRFV isolate, its genome sequence, and the second one, isolated in Mexico, similar to isolates from the Netherlands and the Middle East. After infection of plants with this viral isolate, we detected its presence in seed coats and derived seedlings at a very low frequency. Furthermore, we could isolate virus-like particles (VLPs) from greenhouse water obtained from wells albeit these particles were not so infective as a crude extract from an infected plant. We also tested the chemical and thermal inactivation of ToBRFV as monitored on Nicotiana rustica detached leaf bioassays.
Numerical simulation of fault deformation and seismic activity in the Southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Li Yuan , Liu Xia , Rodkin Mikhail , Pang Yajin
Published: June 2022

The moderate-strong seismic activity of the NS-trending fault and its vicinity in the southern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has prominent spatial concentration distribution characteristics. However, research on the relationship between southern Tibet faults is limited. Hence, this study used a two-dimensional viscoelastic finite element model to simulate crustal movement in southern Tibet based on 1991–2015 GPS velocity data and obtain the current deformation field, tectonic stress field, fault slip, and stress accumulation rate distribution in this region, aiming to determine the relationship between fault activity and the earthquake distribution. The results showed that the research area was simultaneously affected by NE-trending compression and uneven EW-trending tensile force, and crustal deformation exhibited simultaneous NS-trending compression and EW-trending stretching. The EW- and NWW-trending faults around the research area and the internal NS-trending faults had apparent differences in their mechanical properties and movement modes. Moreover, the EW- and NWW-trending faults were mainly subjected to compression and dextral shearing, showing thrust and right-lateral strike-slip motion, whereas NS faults were mainly subjected to extension and exhibited the movement characteristics of normal faults. Significant differences were observed between faults and fault segments, affecting and controlling the regional crustal deformation, distribution of moderate-strong earthquakes, and types of earthquake ruptures. The concentrated distribution of moderate-strong earthquakes on the NS-trending normal fault and its vicinity depended on the slip rate and strike of the fault to a large extent. Earthquakes with magnitude higher than five were generally concentrated in the segments near the NS-trending faults with high slip rates and strong tensile stress.
Undernutrition and associated factors among people living with HIV under NACS assessment in Muchinga Province, Zambia, 2019-2020
Authors: Sadoki Ebedy , Kinge Constance Wose , Jojozi Zikhona , Mwansa Grain , Chirwa Ben , Chirowa Frank , Mothibi Eula , Maotoe Thapelo , Magwende George , Shingwe Frank , Sanne Ian , Mwala Philip , Chasela Charles
Published: June 2022

IntroductionNutrition plays an important role in the management of people living with HIV (PLHIV), yet undernutrition which is one of the world’s most serious health problems remains under researched particularly amongst PLHIV. With more than 1.2 million PLHIV, Zambia is one of the countries most affected by HIV globally. In 2014, Zambia’s undernutrition level was ranked highest in Africa and second from the bottom in the world at 48%. With paucity of literature on undernutrition status among PLHIV in Zambia, we sought to determine undernutrition prevalence and associated factors in PLHIV in Muchinga Province, Zambia.MethodsThis was secondary analysis of routine program data from October 2019 to March 2020 of HIV-positive clients on ART enrolled at supported health facilities in Muchinga with integrated Nutrition Assessment, Counselling and Support (NACS) into the continuum of care. Undernutrition was determined using body mass index (BMI) calculations and classified as undernutrition (< 18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5 − 24.9 kg/m2) or over-nutrition (overweight, 25–29.9 kg/m2 and obese, 25–29.9 kg/m2). Bivariate and Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (aOR) were used to assess factors associated with undernutrition.ResultsOf the 506 eligible clients under NACS, the mean age was 34.9 years ± 13.5SD, with 251 (approximately 50%) between the ages of 21–39 years. More than half (67%) were females, 284 (56%) were urban residents, and 180 (35.6%) were unemployed. The majority (approximately 71%) were on the tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine/efavirenz (TLE) regimen with a median duration on ART treatment of ~ 3 years (IQR = 1– 6). There were 233 (46%) who had a normal BMI, 191 (37.7%) who had under-nutrition, and 82 (16.2%) who had over-nutrition (9.7% overweight: 6.5% obesity). Clients in the urban area (aOR = 2.0; 95%CI: 1.28–3.1), unemployed (aOR = 2.4 (1.18–4.69)2.4; 95%CI: 1.18–4.69), married (aOR = 2.3; 95%CI: 1.26–4.38) and being on tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) (aOR = 2.8; 95%CI: 1.23–6.23) were more likely to be undernourished.ConclusionClients on TLD ART regimen, married, residing in the urban areas and unemployed were found to be positively associated with undernutrition. Therefore, the implementation of nutritional programs such as the NACS was vital in identifying HIV/AIDS patients on ART who required more specialized care for improved nutritional status and clinical health outcomes.
Effects of a probiotic-fermented herbal medicines mixture on the growth performance, immune and antioxidative function of Acanthopagrus schlegelii
Authors: NIE Huayue , LIANG Qiankun , XIE Xiaohui
Published: June 2022

This study investigated the benefit of a probiotic-fermented herbals mixture on the growth performance, immune and antioxidative ability of Acanthopagrus schlegelii. The herbal medicines mixture of Andrographis paniculata、Sophora flavescens、Salvia miltiorrhiza、Hedyotis diffusa、Gentiana scabra and Taraxacum mongolicum were fermented with Bacillus subtilis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Enterococcus faecalis. And then fed to a total of 500 Acanthopagrus schlegelii which were divided into 5 groups. The dietary level of each group was as follows: G0 (no additions), G1 (3‰ fermented herbals mixture), G2 (4‰ fermented herbals mixture), G3 (5‰fermented herbals mixture), G4 (5‰ fermented herbals mixture), G5 (5‰ unfermented herbals mixture). The feeding experiment lasted for 56 days. The growth performance, immune and antioxidative ability of Acanthopagrus schlegelii were evaluated and results showed that fermented herbal medicines mixture(FHMM) could significantly increase the weight gain rate, acid phosphatase, and glutathione peroxidase activity of hepatic, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity of splenic; decrease malondialdehyde activity of hepatic, the lipase of the foregut. These results suggested that herbals being fermented with the probiotic could provide a new direction for feed supplements replace to antibiotics to enhance the immune and antioxidative ability of aquatic animal.
A method of SF 6 gas leakage detection for infrared imaging based on Infrared Patch-Image model
Authors: Lu Quan , Huang Lifeng , Hu Likun , Han Zhuangding
Published: June 2022

Due to the low contrast and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of infrared imaging of SF6 (Sulfur Hexafluoride) gas, it is susceptible to environmental noise, resulting in low accuracy and a high false alarm rate for existing detection algorithms. We propose a single-frame detection method for infrared imaging SF6 gas leakage based on the IPI model. Due to the robust principal component analysis (RPCA) limitation in describing complex backgrounds, this method uses weighted nuclear norm minimization (WNNM) to better describe the background's low-rank characteristics and then solve the problem using the Accelerating Proximal Gradient (APG) algorithm. Finally, it is possible to accurately extract SF6 gas leakage points from the sparse target image using adaptive threshold segmentation. We conducted experiments on both indoor and outdoor SF6 gas leakage tracks. The results demonstrate that the algorithm can effectively reduce the false noise generated by the complex background edge under indoor experimental conditions with SF6 gas leakage of 0.04ml/min and a distance of 5m, while also improving leak detection accuracy.
Study on Rice Grain Mildewed Region Recognition Based on Microscopic Computer Vision and YOLO-v5 model
Authors: Sun Ke , Zhang Yu-jie , Tong Si-yuan , Wang Chang-bao
Published: June 2022

This study aims to develop a high-speed and nondestructive mildewed rice grain detection method. First, a set of micro images of rice grains contaminated by Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, and Aspergillus cinerea are acquired to serve as samples, and the mildewed regions are marked. Then, three YOLO-v5 models for identifying regions with contamination of Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, and Aspergillus cinerea in micro images are established. Finally, the relationship between the proportion of mildewed regions and the total number of colonies is analyzed. The results show that the proposed YOLO-v5 models achieve accuracy levels of 89.26%, 91.15%, and 90.19% when detecting regions with contamination of Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, and Aspergillus cinerea in the micro images of the verification set. The proportion of areas with contamination of Aspergillus niger/Penicillium citrinum/Aspergillus cinerea is logarithmically correlated with the logarithm of the total number of colonies (TVC). The corresponding determination coefficients are 0.7466, 0.7587, and 0.8148, respectively. This study provides a reference for future research on high-speed mildewed rice detection methods based on MCV technology.
A Novel Deep Learning Finger Vein Segmentation Algorithm for Identification and Recognition
Authors: Xu Hong , Sun Yewei , Zhang Caiming , Ye Caizeng (Charlie)
Published: June 2022

The paper proposed a method for segmentation of finger veins based on U-net and ResNet. The deep residual network is used to replace the feature extraction part of U-net. Considering the risk that some vein information may be lost in the vein extraction of finger vein by using pooling layers, Dilated Convolution is used instead of traditional convolution, which can increase the receptive field without pooling and extract the vein information from the finger vein image better. To further improve the expression ability of the model, Mish activation function is used instead of the ReLU activation function, which can make the extracted vein patterns more continuous. The experimental results show that the proposed novel VeinsegNet network in this paper has a excellent vein segmentation performance on the multi-modal vein dataset, outperforming other deep learning networks in terms of the mean intersection over union (i.e. MIOU). The segmentation of the finger vein image is shown to be greatly beneficial to the person identification and certain disease recognition. KEYWORLD: Deep learning; Image segmentation for finger vein; Applications to person identification and certain disease recognition
A Novel Approach for Traffic Congestion Mitigation Based on Fog Computing Using IFogsimulator
Authors: Elsayed Al Zahraa , Mohamed Khalil , Harb Hany
Published: June 2022

Internet of Things (IoT) needs an accurate latency computation. The connected IoT devices generate an enormous amount of data which is processed on the infrastructure of a cloud. However, the cloud is not an effective solution. To address this issue, fog computing enables processing at the edge while still allowing users to communicate with the cloud. Therefore, many applications depend on fog computing, such as traffic management. In this paper, an intelligent Traffic Congestion Mitigation System (ITCMS) is proposed to solve the problem of traffic congestion in crowded smart cities. The proposed system is implemented based on fog computing. It has been applied to a crowded city and its performance is evaluated according to some metrics such as traffic efficiency, saving energy and reducing the latency, the average rate of traffic flow, and waiting time. The obtained results show that the execution time of our simulation takes 4,548 seconds, the Application loop delay takes 49.67 seconds. Thus, the results show better performance, more accuracy, low latency, and traffic efficiency
Secure Data Transmission in Cloud Computing Using Std-rsa With Eslurnn Data Classification and Blockchain Based User Authentication System
Authors: Samy I. Arockia Antony , Mary M. Safish
Published: June 2022

Cloud computing (CC) is one of the most prominent storage and computing platforms being researched nowadays. CC platforms are providing the opportunity for sharing resources, information, and services among the users of the entire world. For data storage and processing, cloud security considerations are critical. Because data in a cloud based environment must be protected from hackers, network security has been a key concern in recent years. Data should be encrypted and outsourced to the cloud to safeguard it from malicious intruders. Cryptography is essential for protecting data from various assaults and cloud storage platforms. To overcome the security threat new types of cryptography techniques can be introduced. Though a variety of firewall systems exist, there are still threats or attacks on the data or information which is transmitted over the cloud. The invention focuses on addressing the flaws that are inherent in network security by using advanced encryption techniques to encrypt data over the cloud. In this research work, a blockchain (BC) based user authentication system and improvised public-key cryptosystem are proposed which is based on Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) to support a private key cryptosystem. The proposed work comes under the following phases: user registration, login, authentication, BC, sensitive data identification, data splitting, and data security. Finally, the performance of the proposed framework in comparison with existing techniques determines strong results and proves to be more secure.
FGWOA: An Efficient Heuristic for Cluster Head Selection in WSN using Fuzzy based Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm
Authors: NARAYAN VIPUL , Daniel A K , Chaturvedi Pooja
Published: June 2022

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an important component of the Internet of Things. A WSN constitutes several Sensor Nodes (SN) that sense the various changes in the atmosphere, such as humidity, temperature, pressure etc. The Sensor Node (SN) used in WSN is powered by an inbuilt battery and performs sensing and data transmission to other SN in the network. As a result, the energy of SN is critical in WSN. The intelligent models are proposed in the present time in order to solve network issues by optimizing or decreasing the overhead to improve the WSN's energy efficiency. In this paper, a Fuzzy based approach integrated with Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm (FGWOA) is proposed that aids cluster formation to find efficient and optimal solution for choosing the aggregation points using the Cluster Heads (CHs), and determining the best optimal path for transmission of data to the network Base Station (BS). The proposed optimal selection of different aggregation points causes the node's lifetime to be maximized. The simulation performance of FGWOA show better performance compared to various existing protocols and enhanced network lifespan.
OSeMOSYS Global: An open-source, open data global electricity system model generator
Authors: Barnes Trevor , Shivakumar Abhishek , Brinkerink Maarten , Niet Taco
Published: June 2022

This paper describes OSeMOSYS Global, an open-source, open-data model generator for creating global electricity system models for an active global modelling community. This version of the model generator is freely available and can be used to create interconnected electricity system models for both the entire globe and for any geographically diverse subset of the globe. Compared to other existing global models, OSeMOSYS Global allows for full user flexibility in determining the time slice structure and geographic scope of the model and datasets, and is built using the widely used fully open-source OSeMOSYS energy system model. This paper describes the data sources, structure and use of OSeMOSYS Global, and provides illustrative workflow results.
Machine Learning Early Prediction of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Pediatric Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Tso Chak Foon , Lam Carson , Calvert Jacob , Mao Qingqing
Published: June 2022

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes millions of infections among children in the US each year and can cause severe disease or death. Infections that are not promptly detected can cause outbreaks that put other hospitalized patients at risk. No tools besides diagnostic testing are available to rapidly and reliably predict RSV infections among hospitalized patients. We conducted a retrospective study from pediatric electronic health record data and built a machine learning model to predict whether a patient will test positive to RSV by nucleic acid amplification test during their stay. Our model demonstrated excellent discrimination with an area under the receiver-operating curve of 0.919, a sensitivity of 0.802, and specificity of 0.876. Our model can help clinicians identify patients who may have RSV infections rapidly and cost-effectively. Successfully integrating this model into routine pediatric inpatient care may assist efforts in patient care and infection control.
Topological visualization of rough sets by neighborhoods and a heart application based graphs
Authors: El-Atik Abd El-Fattah A. , El-Bably Mostafa K. , El-Gayar Mostafa A.
Published: June 2022

A human heart is represented by graph theory and has many topological formulations.

The main purpose of the article is to introduce a special class of neighborhood systems, called $1$-neighborhood systems ($\NS$s for short), as tools to generalize rough set theory and give the human heart new modeling by using topological structures. Some new types of minimal neighborhoods and core minimal are introduced. A comparison between these new types of neighborhoods are discussed. In addition, new forms of topological spaces through a $1$-$\NS$ of vertices for a graph of the human heart are presented and studied as a practical example in real-life problems. A best model of the topological structure which may be used for diagnosis is suggested.
Denken mit Bildern
Authors: Rogas Anja , Ott Marko
Published: June 2022

Wie viele andere Studiengänge, sehen sich auch wirtschaftswissenschaftlich ausgerichtete Studiengänge häufig mit einer zunehmend diversen Studierendenschaft konfrontiert. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt insbesondere die Vielzahl individueller Lernvoraussetzungen die Lehrenden vor Herausforderungen. Dabei sind es nicht zuletzt die unterschiedlichen Wissens- und Wertestrukturen der Lernenden, die die Lehrenden herausfordern. Der nachfolgende Beitrag stellt die Graphic Novel als ein innovatives Medium vor, dessen Einsatz und Wirksamkeit im Kontext der universitären Lehre bisher wenig untersucht wird. Untersuchungsgegenstand sind E-Tutorials, die auf Graphic Novels basieren und für den Einsatz im Rahmen einer Grundlagenveranstaltung der TU Dresden zu ausgewählten buchhalterischen Inhalten entwickelt wurden. Die erstmalige Implementierung der E-Tutorials im Wintersemester 2021/22 wurde von einer Studie begleitet. Diese untersucht, inwiefern die Aufbereitung der Lerninhalte in Form von Graphic Novels Einfluss auf die Veränderung der Wissens- und Wertestrukturen der Lernenden hat. Dazu wurden mittels einer Interventionsstudie im Pre-Posttest-Design Daten zum Wissenszuwachs sowie zur Lernmotivation erhoben. Mithilfe der Daten soll beurteilt werden, ob Graphic Novels das Potenzial für einen sensibleren Umgang mit diversen Lernvoraussetzungen, wie unterschiedlichen Lernzugängen und Motivationslagen, bieten.
Comparing machine learning and interpolation methods for loop-level calculations
Authors: Chahrour Ibrahim , Wells James
Published: June 2022

The need to approximate functions is ubiquitous in science, either due to empirical constraints or high computational cost of accessing the function. In high-energy physics, the precise computation of the scattering cross-section of a process requires the evaluation of computationally intensive integrals. A wide variety of methods in machine learning have been used to tackle this problem, but often the motivation of using one method over another is lacking. Comparing these methods is typically highly dependent on the problem at hand, so we specify to the case where we can evaluate the function a large number of times, after which quick and accurate evaluation can take place. We consider four interpolation and three machine learning techniques and compare their performance on three toy functions, the four-point scalar Passarino-Veltman D_0D0 function, and the two-loop self-energy master integral M. We find that in low dimensions (d = 3), traditional interpolation techniques like the Radial Basis Function perform very well, but in higher dimensions (d=5, 6, 9) we find that multi-layer perceptrons (a.k.a neural networks) do not suffer as much from the curse of dimensionality and provide the fastest and most accurate predictions.
AVALIAÇÃO DE METAIS POTENCIALMENTE TÓXICOS EM CHORUME PROVENIENTE DE ÁREA DE DEPOSIÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS EM BELÉM – PARÁ
Authors: Dias Lianne , Silva Maria Vitória , Faial Kelson , Vasconcelos Junior Neuton , Maia Raimunda , Souza José , Macedo Emanuel
Published: June 2022

EVALUATION OF POTENTIALLY TOXIC METALS IN LEACHES FROM SOLID WASTE DEPOSITION AREA IN BELÉMPARÁ. The formation of solid waste is a global challenge regarding environmental preservation. Due to the lifestyle of modern society, which aims to improve practicality, new products are constantly being released in the market and increasing the formation of waste. The decomposition of waste from various origins produces a dark liquid named leachate, which presents high rates of organic and inorganic compounds. The objective of this study was to assess the concentration of potentially toxic metals in the leachate collected from the Aurá dump. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were evaluated in leachate samples collected in a period of a year, covering two typical seasonal periods of the Amazon region with more and less rainfall. The leachate samples collected in the Aurá dump were determined in the Toxicology Laboratory of Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC), by means of Plasma/ Inductively Coupled Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The Cr, Mn, and Pb metals analyzed in the slurry samples are in a concentration above the maximum limits specified by CONAMA Resolution No. 430/2011, causing significant environmental concerns.
Productivity forecast with digital greenhouse automation system for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Gök Akın Emrecan , Çelebi Mehmet Fatih , Koca Alperen Samet , Doğan Mehmet , Ersoy Sezgin
Published: June 2022

Greenhouses are a popular agricultural production method by providing artificial climatic conditions. Providing optimum climatic conditions depends on the equipment of the greenhouse. Greenhouse equipment consists of systems such as heating, ventilation, shading, irrigation, and fertilization. In modern greenhouse cultivation, all these have become controllable with smart systems. These modern greenhouses, in other words smart greenhouses, can read the ambient conditions in real-time with their advanced sensor systems and enable processes such as irrigation, adjustment of ambient temperature, and ventilation to be carried out autonomously. In this study, the working principle, general structure, design, and types of equipment used in the greenhouse automation system are explained, and the system is designed and simulated on the Unity Engine.
Verification of the Evolution Model of Production Structure at Steel-Making Enterprises in the Check Republic by Cluster Analysis
Authors: Bobkov A. L.
Published: June 2022

The article shows laws of organizational development of steel-making enterprises in the Check Republic and verifies the theoretical model of the production (operational) structure evolution. The said theoretical model of production (operational) structure evolution is based on the hypothesis concerning availability of two types of production (operational) structures: successive and parallel. In the process of enterprise growth and development these structures change each other by going over to a new level of development. Enterprises of steel-making industry (NACE codes 24.1, 24.2, 24.4 and 24.5) located on the territory of the Check Republic were chosen as objects of the research. Cluster analysis was used as the research method. The findings of the research approved in general the hypothesis about two types of organizational production (operational) structures and the theoretical model of production (operational) structure evolution. These findings can be used for developing business-models for steelmaking enterprises.
Reinoculação foliar de soja em área de sequeiro do centro-oeste de Minas Gerais
Authors: Eder Paulo Rodrigues  , Kátia Daniela Ribeiro  , Adriano Alves da Silva
Published: June 2022

Objetivando determinar o estádio fenológico adequado para a reinoculação foliar com bactérias fixadoras de nitrogênio (Bradyrhizobium japonicum) e o efeito de diferentes doses de inoculante no crescimento e na produtividade da soja, foi conduzido um experimento, no ano agrícola 2018/2019, na Fazenda Boa Esperança, em Formiga (MG). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, num esquema fatorial 6 × 2 × 4, com doses de 0, 300, 600, 900, 1.200 e 1.500 mL.ha-1 de inoculante, dois estádios fenológicos da planta (V3 e R1) e quatro repetições por parcela. Após as aplicações predefinidas, determinaram-se o teor de clorofila, a altura de inserção da primeira vagem, o número total de vagens e a produtividade de cada tratamento. Os resultados evidenciaram que a aplicação de inoculante via foliar aumentou as concentrações de clorofila nas folhas nas parcelas em V3, o que gerou, consequentemente, mais vagens e maior produtividade. As aplicações de diferentes doses de inoculante complementar via foliar na cultura da soja foram mais eficientes para as parcelas do estádio V3, sendo os melhores resultados obtidos com a dose de 1.500 mL.ha-1.
Seed bank from different successional stages in the Fonte Grande State Park, ES, Brazil
Authors: Tatiana Pizetta Dias  , Larissa Regina Topanotti  , Fernando Campanhã Bechara  , Luiz Fernando Silva Magnago  , Izaclaudia Santana da Cruz  , Marcelo Simonelli
Published: June 2022

This investigation aimed to determine the density of viable seeds and to compare the floristic composition of the seed bank from different forest successional stages – initial and intermediate – at the Fonte Grande State Park, Vitória, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Samples of 15 × 15 × 5 cm of soil and litter were collected, in 15 points, in each successional stage. After five months cultivating these samples in a greenhouse for botanical identification, the soil showed higher seedlings density and richness of species than the litter. A total of 1,414 seedlings was quantified: 78.3% of the individuals were in the initial stage (µ = 3,280 seedlings.m-2), and 21.7% were in the intermediate stage (µ = 910 seedlings.m-2). The richness of species between the stages was similar (53.2%), 33 species occurring in both areas. The predominant life form in both stages was herbaceous, though the intermediate stage presented more trees. These patterns indicate an early phase of the intermediate stage, which, over the successional time, will probably advance to an old-growth forest.
Ação antagônica de Trichoderma spp. no crescimento micelial de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Authors: Gabriele Taís Lohmann  , Jessica Emilia Rabuske  , Lucas Gracioli Savian  , Thaise da Silva Tonetto  , Marlove Fatima Brião Muniz
Published: June 2022

Cassia fistula L., conhecida popularmente como chuva-de-ouro, é uma planta com características ornamentais e, por isso, muito empregada na arborização urbana, entretanto apresenta manchas foliares causadas por Colletotrichum gloeosporioides que podem comprometer o desenvolvimento da planta. Apesar da severidade da doença e dos danos causados, não há relatos de medidas de controle a serem aplicadas. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial efeito antagonista in vitro de Trichoderma spp. sobre C. gloeosporioides isolado de manchas foliares em chuva-de-ouro. Um isolado de C. gloeosporioides e quatro espécies de Trichoderma spp. foram utilizados. A capacidade antagônica de Trichoderma spp. foi avaliada por testes de confronto direto e de produção de metabólitos voláteis. Os isolados de Trichoderma spp., oriundos de formulações comerciais, foram eficientes no controle in vitro de C. gloeosporioides, por diferentes métodos de avaliação, e possuem potencial para pesquisas como agentes de controle biológico da antracnose em C. fistula in vivo. Em ambas as metodologias, o isolado de T. harzianum destacou-se no controle do crescimento do fitopatógeno.
Editorial
Authors: Adriane
Published: June 2022

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Google Trend Özelinde Kullanıcıların Afetlere Yönelik İlgi Düzeylerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Usta Galip
Published: June 2022

Afetler, toplumların kendi kaynakları ile baş edemeyecekleri durumlardır. Dolayısıyla afetlere hazırlıkla toplum kapasitesinin artırılması germektedir. Toplumların kırılganlık düzeyleri tespit edilerek afet hazırlık planlarına dâhil edilmesi toplumsal kapasitenin artırılması açısından önemlidir. Toplumların afet eğitimlerine ve alanına yönelik ilgi düzeylerinin afetlere hazırlanma noktasında önemli bir paydaya sahip olduğu düşünülmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada da; afetle ilgili seçilmiş bazı anahtar kelimeler üzerinden toplumun ilgili düzeyi belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada; genel olarak kullanıcıların ilgi düzeyini yaygın olarak belirleyebilecek “Deprem”, “Deprem Duası”, “Deprem Toplanma Alanı”, “Çök-Kapan-Tutun”, “Deprem Anında Ne Yapılmalı”, “Deprem Çantasında Neler Olmalı” gibi anahtar kelimelerle sorgulama yapılmıştır. İlgili kelimelerin yoğunlukta trend olduğu dönemlerin depremlerin yaşandığı dönemlere gelmesi dikkat çekici bir nokta olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca eğitim faaliyetlerinin düzenlediği haftalarda da bazı kelimelerin trend olduğu saptanmıştır. Sonuç olarak; toplumların genel olarak olay esnasında ve sonrasında ilgili konulara daha duyarlıklı oldukları söylenebilir. Ancak afet zararlarının en aza indirgenebilmesi için afet öncesi hazırlık çalışmalarına daha fazla ilgi gösterilmesi gerektiği açıktır. Bu bağlamda afet öncesi hazırlık faaliyetlerinin topyekûn gerçekleştirilmesinin dirençliliği artıracağı ifade edilebilir.
Antibody-based Radiopharmaceuticals as Theranostic Agents: An
Overview
Authors: Sharma Rohit , Suman Shishu K. , Mukherjee Archana
Published: June 2022

Since the inception of antibodies as magic bullets for targeting antigens with
high specificity for various in vitro and in-vivo detection and therapy applications, the
field has evolved, and remarkable success has been achieved not only in the methods of
development of these targeting agents but also in their applications. The utilization of these
moieties for the development of antibody-based radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic
and therapy (theranostic) purposes has resulted in the availability of various cancer-targeting
agents suitable for clinical applications. The high affinity and specificity of antibodies
towards the target antigens overexpressed on tumors render them an excellent carrier
molecules for radionuclide delivery. Although intact antibodies have high potential
as imaging and therapeutic agents, a major drawback of intact antibody-based radionuclide
targeting is their slow pharmacokinetics and poor penetration into solid tumors. In
contrast to large intact antibodies, engineered antibody fragments, such as minibodies, diabodies,
single-chain variable region fragments (scFvs), nanobodies, and non-antibody
protein scaffolds-based moieties, retain the specificities and affinities of intact antibodies
in addition to improved pharmacokinetics for imaging and therapy of solid tumors. These
engineered carrier molecules are not only amenable for simple and robust radiolabeling
procedures but also provide high contrast images with minimal radiotoxicity to vital organs.
However, in various instances, rapid clearance with sub-optimal tumor accumulation,
limiting renal dose, and cross-reactivity of these radiolabeled engineered smaller
molecules have also been observed. Herein, we review current knowledge of the recent
methods for the development of antibody-based targeting moieties, the suitability of various
engineered formats for targeting tumors, and radiolabeling strategies for the development
of radioformulations. We discuss promising antibody-based and non-antibody-
based affibody radiopharmaceuticals reported for clinical applications. Finally, we
highlight how emerging technologies in antibody engineering and drug development can
be amalgamated for designing novel strategies for cancer imaging and therapy.