bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minimal Individual Haemostasis (Mih) - Feasibility in Conventional and Distal Trans-Radial Approach
Authors: Mokbel Maged , Florescu Nicolae , Sinescu Crina Julieta
Published: August 2021

There is a growing use of trans-radial catheterisation for angiography and percutaneous interventions. The advantages of trans-radial over traditional femoral access include a decrease in the incidence of access site bleeding complications and improved patient comfort and recovery. Ensuring short haemostasis, which controls arterial bleeding after transracial interventions, but at the same time maintains radial arterial flow, appears to be the most important factor in reducing peri-procedural complications, especially radial artery occlusion (RAO). We evaluated the technical feasibility of our gradual deflation haemostasis method in a population of patients treated by both conventional and distal trans-radial approach, within 1 month period. A feasibility assessment was performed for 101 patients to assess whether our hemostasis technique could be performed safely. We concluded that our technique is feasible after trans-radial approach, in both categories of access, conventional or distal. The rate of peri-procedural complications was low and related to the type of approach used, with more positive results on the distal trans-radial approach.
Applications of Kinetotherapy in the Prophylaxis of Sedentary Behavior among Professions with a Medical Profile in the Field of Dentistry
Authors: Burcea Claudia-Camelia , Perieanu Viorel Ștefan , Costea Radu Cătălin , Burlibaşa Mihai , Chirilă Mihaela , Marcov Narcis , Tănase Gabriela , Măru Nicoleta , Farcaşiu Alexandru Titus , Milicescu Ștefan , Perieanu Mădălina Violeta , David Mihai , Ionescu Camelia , Marcov Elena-Cristina , Moraru Liliana
Published: August 2021

Sedentary behavior, both professional, occupational, leisure and recreational, is one of the major risk factors for cardio-metabolic health and premature mortality. But, this type of sedentary behavior can be found in many of the existing professional activities in 2021, among them being the professional activities with a medical profile in the field of dentistry: specific activities in the dentist’s office (and here we discuss about dentists and dental nurses) and activities specific in the dental laboratory (in this case, we are talking about dental technicians).
The Applicability of Functional Analysis in Fixed Prosthetics
Authors: Tătaru Cristina Adriana Dahm
Published: August 2021

Prost hetics is a field that requires a very good synergy between the dentist and the dental technician in order to create a prothetic treatment that is precise, functional and has also a good aesthetic. A good communication between the two parties is very important because, in most cases, dental technicians are located remotely and often do not see the patient. Functional analysis is an important requirement for diagnosing many different syndromes, which are usually associated with incorrect loading of the temporomandibular joint or dysfunctions. Fixed prosthesis focused on permanently attached (fixed) dentures. Such dental restorations, also called indirect restorations, include crowns, bridges (fixed prostheses), inlays, onlays and veneers. Fixed prosthesis can be used to restore one or more individual teeth, covering areas where the teeth have been lost. In general, the main advantages of fixed prosthetics compared to direct restorations are the superior strength when used in large restorations and the ability to build a tooth that has also a good aesthetic shape. As with any dental restoration, the principles used to determine Proper restoration involves taking into account the materials to be used, the extent of the tooth damage, the orientation and location of the teeth and the condition of the adjacent teeth.
The Impacts of Food Taboos and Preferences on Food Security in Developing Countries: Evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Sewenet Alex , Schwarcz Pavol
Published: August 2021

Food norms are embodied within all the essential components of food security; availability, access, utilization, and stability. However, the adverse economic influences of these norms are largely under–researched in developing countries. Unique in its scoop, this study thus investigates the impacts of food taboos and preferences (FTP) on food security in Ethiopia, one of the world’s food–insecure nations combined with a culture of strict food norms. On the basis of a qualitative research design with semi–structured in–depth interviews, primary data was collected from eleven key informants of pertinent multidisciplinary backgrounds, experts and decision–makers. The empirical evidence revealed that religious and secular– based FTP have put significant restrictions on the efficient utilization of the existing edible resources in the country. For example, during Orthodox Christian (OC) and Muslim fasting days, the overall food supply chain undergoes economic turbulence. Particularly, the economic challenge of OC fasting is expressed by (1) a decrease in consumption and supply of non–vegan foods, (2) the temporary closure of butcher and dairy shops, (3) an increase in the demand and price of vegan foods, and (4) an overall reduction in consumption and economic transactions. Moreover, the tradition of animal consecration at home has made many Ethiopians to rarely depend on supermarkets, groceries, and other licensed meat shops. In turn, this impedes the country’s endeavor of attracting local and foreign private investors in the general food sector. It also alienates people from access to food labels, meat quality controls, price, size, and choice advantages, all of which are essential for better, adaptive, and stable food utilization. The results discovered in this thesis enrich our understanding on the role of food norms in the economic systems. Particularly, the study sheds light on the indispensable need to consider the subject of FTP in policies and programs aiming to end food insecurity.
Evaluation of Selected Indicators Pointing at the Current Condition and Importance of Agricultural Land Protection in Slovakia
Authors: Machničová Zina
Published: August 2021

Agricultural land is currently protected by many subjects and institutions. The characteristics of the soil in terms of its functions and importance for individuals or society from perspectives of several scientific disciplines is dealt with by several authors. The aim of the paper is to point out the current state and importance of the agricultural land protection in Slovakia in connection with the threats that affect its quantity and overall quality. The indicators as the area of agricultural land and the structure of the land fund, the evolution of agricultural land withdrawals for non-agricultural purposes and the current state or structure of legislation and institutions in the field of agricultural land protection in Slovakia were evaluated. The paper pointed out the important role of agricultural land in the country, as its area, especially with the majority of arable land and permanent grasslands, represents the majority of the total area of Slovakia. For several years, however, the volume of agricultural land has been steadily declining. This phenomenon is partly caused by the agricultural land withdrawals, which have now managed to stabilize at an average of 1000ha of withdrawn land per year. In Slovakia, there is currently a large number of legislative acts regulating the protection and agricultural land withdrawals, as well as a wide range of state and non-state institutions that operate in the field of agricultural land protection. The effectiveness of the implementation of legislation and the effectiveness of mutual cooperation of institutions seems questionable focusing on the current state of the land fund, which leads to the need to expand research on these aspects.
Heiter bis wolkig. Zum 50. Jubiläum des Hermannstädter Lehrstuhls für Germanistik
Authors: Sava Doris
Published: August 2021

German Studies in Hermannstadt (Sibiu) have always put an increased focus on preserving continuity and consistency in teaching and research. The international anniversary conference (October 2019) that marked 50 years since the establishment of the Chair of German Studies in Hermannstadt (Sibiu) offered ample opportunity for taking a retrospective look in order to reflect on continuities and ruptures. Thus, in the article are mentioned some of the challenges that the chair had to face in its recent history.
„Schilf wächst darüber, Schilf wächst immer darüber“ Heimatliche Donaulandschaften in den deutschsprachigen Literaturen Südosteuropas nach 1945
Authors: Spiridon Olivia
Published: August 2021

Danubeland scapes have been a recurrent topic in the German-language literature of Southeastern Europe, especially in German literature from Romania, which was the only one to survive the end of the Second World War in the Eastern Bloc. They developed different forms on both-sides of the Iron Curtain. In the West, the Danubeservedas a frame work for the consolidation of a common identity of many disparate groups of former German minorities from Southeastern Europe under the collective name “Danube Swabians”. Additionally, writers from Romania who emigrated to the West recalled in their works bothwonderful and frightening images of the lower Danube. In Romania, Danube landscapes are to be seen as attempts to negotiate the concept of homeland from a contemporary perspective after its appropriation by the patriotic literature of the court literati. They emergedas a stage for projecting new sensitivities: the suffering of isolation, economic misery and environmental pollution. Subversively narrated landscapes also set hidden signs of the memory of the isolated detention camps on the periphery of the country. The transformation of Danube landscapes is analysed by using literary examples after 1945.
Zwischen Heimatverlust und unsicherer Gegenwart: Sozialer Wandel in Zonenkinder (2002) von Jana Hensel und Scotch (2010) von Ioana Bradea
Authors: Ghiţă Roxana-Andreea
Published: August 2021

My paper will explore the interrelation between past, present and identity, as well as the dynamics of social change in contemporary German and Romanian literature, as exemplified by Jana Hensel’s Zonenkinder (2002) and Ioana Bradea’s Scotch (2010). Both authors belong to a new generation of writers who, having experienced the collapse of the communist regime as adolescents, investigate the traumatic experience of change and adjustment to the social, economic and cultural realities of post-communist societies. While Hensel aims at recreating the lost Heimat (motherland) as an Erinnerungsraum (space of remembrance) and portraying the social tensions of the post-unification decade from an Eastern German perspective, Bradea focuses on depicting the desolate post-communist industrial landscape, as well as the everyday lives of anonymous Romanians caught in the vagaries of transition.
Bleibt kreatives Schreiben ein Traum? Kreatives Schreiben als eine geistige und sprachliche Fähigkeit beim Erlernen des Deutschen als Fremdsprache in Ägypten
Authors: Mahmoud Sakina Saleh
Published: August 2021

This article is about creative writing in GFL-Lecture in Egypt. Writing as a skill is rarely considered in GFL- Lecture. Teachers pay attention to other skills such as reading, listening, or speaking, whereby writing is only considered receptively to promote speaking or grammar. This article is about trying to promote creative writing in GFL-Lecture and to offer new suggestions and tips. In a further step, this article deals with the presentation of some creative writing tasks that were carried out among the students of the third year at the language faculty (Al-Alsun) in Sohag. Finally, the conclusions are drawn, and results of creative writing shown.
Effect of Early versus Delayed Parenteral Nutrition on the Health Outcomes of Critically Ill Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sharma Suresh Kumar , Rani Ritu , Thakur Kalpana
Published: August 2021

Objectives

This systematic review aims to evaluate and summarise the findings of all relevant studies which identified the effect of early vs delayed parenteral nutrition (PN), early PN vs early supplemental PN and early PN vs standard care for critically ill adults.

Methods

The literature search was undertaken using PubMed, Embase, Medline, Clinical Key, and Ovid discovery databases. The reference lists of studies published from 2000 till June 2020 were hand searched.

Result

On screening 2088 articles, a total of five RCTs with 6,277 patients were included in this review. Only one clinical trial compared early PN and late PN; the results reported significantly shorter periods in intensive care unit (ICU) stay (p=0.02) and less ICU related infections (p=0.008) in the late PN group compared to the Early PN group. Two trials compared total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and enteral nutrition (EN) +TPN groups. Both found a significantly longer hospital stay duration (p<0.05 and p<0.01) with a higher mortality rate in the TPN group compared to the EN+TPN group. A statistically significant improvement was observed in patients’ quality of life receiving early PN compared to standard care (p=0.01). In contrast, no significant difference was found in the supplemental PN vs the standard care group.

Conclusion

The supplemental PN patients had shorter ICU stay and lower mortality rates than TPN. However, these findings should be interpreted carefully as included studies have different initiation timing of nutritional support, and the patients’ diagnosis varied.
Critical Care Workers Have Lower Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG Compared with Non-patient Facing Staff in First Wave of COVID19
Authors: Baxendale Helen E. , Wells David , Gronlund Jessica , Nadesalingham Angalee , Paloniemi Mina , Carnell George , Tonks Paul , Ceron-Gutierrez Lourdes , Ebrahimi Soraya , Sayer Ashleigh , Briggs John A.G. , Ziong Xiaoli , Nathan James A , Grice Guinevere , James Leo C , Luptak Jakub , Pai Sumita , Heeney Jonathan L , Lear Sara , Doffinger Rainer
Published: August 2021

Introduction

In early 2020, at first surge of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many health care workers (HCW) were re-deployed to critical care environments to support intensive care teams looking after patients with severe COVID-19. There was considerable anxiety of increased risk of COVID-19 for these staff. To determine whether critical care HCW were at increased risk of hospital acquired infection, we explored the relationship between workplace, patient facing role and evidence of immune exposure to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) within a quaternary hospital providing a regional critical care response. Routine viral surveillance was not available at this time.

Methods

We screened over 500 HCW (25% of the total workforce) for history of clinical symptoms of possible COVID19, assigning a symptom severity score, and quantified SARS-CoV-2 serum antibodies as evidence of immune exposure to the virus.

Results

Whilst 45% of the cohort reported symptoms that they consider may have represented COVID-19, 14% had evidence of immune exposure. Staffs in patient facing critical care roles were least likely to be seropositive (9%) and staff working in non-patient facing roles most likely to be seropositive (22%). Anosmia and fever were the most discriminating symptoms for seropositive status. Older males presented with more severe symptoms. Of the 12 staff screened positive by nasal swab (10 symptomatic), 3 showed no evidence of seroconversion in convalescence.

Conclusions

Patient facing staff working in critical care do not appear to be at increased risk of hospital acquired infection however the risk of nosocomial infection from non-patient facing staff may be more significant than previous recognised. Most symptoms ascribed to possible COVID-19 were found to have no evidence of immune exposure however seroprevalence may underrepresent infection frequency. Older male staff were at the greatest risk of more severe symptoms.
Preliminary Bioleaching Experiment of E-Waste
Authors: Kucmanová Alexandra , Sanny Zuzana , Gerulová Kristína , Pašák Matej , Czére Imrich
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, we can hardly imagine our life without the achievements of modern technology, such as refrigerators, televisions, computers, or smartphones. Producers are pushing consumers to buy newer, more modern appliances instead of repairing the original ones. However, all the devices represent a huge amount of waste. E-waste is one of the fastest growing types of waste, and only less than a half of it is recycled. Its disposal poses a great challenge for the population and constitutes a huge burden for the environment. In the research described in this article, we focused on individual techniques for metals recovery from e-waste. In the experimental part, we deal with the recycling of electronic waste by bioleaching, using microorganisms Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. Compared to conventional techniques, bioleaching is a more environmentally friendly and economical alternative of metals recovery from e-waste.
Electrochemical Recovery of Silver Using a Simple Cell
Authors: Wachter Igor , Štefko Tomáš
Published: August 2021

The amount of generated e-waste during the last decades has been steadily raising to the point at which it is highly desirable to obtain the precious metals by recycling the e-waste without the need of exploiting the environment. The rapid development of technology, steep growth of modern facilities with user-friendly electronical devices and a stiff competition between manufacturers are among the main reasons for decreasing the life span of such devices, and subsequently end up as an obsolete waste product. Rapid industrialization and urbanization have also caused many environmental problems, e.g. heavy metal contamination. Silver is one of the precious metals with exceptionally high industrial applications, which makes it an area of research of high interest. Demand for silver continues to grow with progress in the industrialized world, while the world reserves of high-quality silver ores are declining. Although, there are large stocks of low and lean quality silver ores still to be mined, the main goal of this article is to provide a simple, effective and eco-friendly method of silver recovery from e-waste, e.g. electrical circuit breakers using an electrochemical cell. After 20.75 days of the experiment, 1481.5 grams of silver contacts were processed with a final yield of 61.41 % grams of silver dendrite crystals (99.9 % purity).
The Importance of Studying Human Brain
Authors: Jakovcevski Maja , Mitrović Slobodanka , Jakovcevski Igor
Published: August 2021

Due to its numerous distinctive functions and unique pathology, the human brain, or rather forebrain has been difficult to study in common animal models. Although many basic molecular and cellular events are conserved across species, human brain connectivity, pertinent especially to the cerebral cortex circuitry, is unique and demands extensive research. Despite a great advancement in functional imaging methods accomplished over the last two decades, many basic features of healthy and diseased human forebrain remain elusive. Here we address difficulties in anatomical studies of developing and adult human brain and indicate the new directions and challenges to be addressed in the future. We pay special attention to possibilities of translating animal brain research to human cases. We consider that, although animal experiments play a vital role in understanding fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms behind brain function, understanding of higher brain functions (language, intelligence, memory) has to be based on understanding uniqueness of human circuitries. Furthermore, brain is the site of many human-specific diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer’s disease, for which only partial animal models exist. To study human brain, thus, remains irreplaceable in the quest for new therapeutic tools, as well as in understanding the essence of our being.
Penyuluhan Seni Batik pada Kelompok PKK Padukuhan Karangwetan Tegaltirto, Berbah, Sleman, Yogyakarta
Authors: Wardoyo Sugeng , Wulandari Tri
Published: August 2021

Anggota kelompok PKK Karangwetan, Tegaltirto, Berbah tergolong pemula atau awal dalam bidang kerajinan batik. Tentu mereka belum mempunyai pengetahuan yang cukup tentang proses batik. Masih kurangnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam bidang desain dan teknik batik sampai perwujudan produk menjadi permasalahan utama. Adanya pelaksanaan program penyuluhan seni ini mencoba menawarkan alternatif program keterampilan tekstil khususnya teknik batik tulis dan teknik pewarnaan celup. Hal ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan dan wawasan tentang cara membuat desain motif batik yang diwujudkan dari produk elemen interior hingga penguasaan ketereampilan khusus teknik dasar batik tulis dan teknik pewarnaan celup. Pelaksanaan kegiatan penyuluhan seni ini menggunakan metode ceramah dan metode praktik. Hasil penyuluhan seni batik berupa produk elemen interior, seperti taplak meja dan sarung bantal.  Program penyuluhan seni ini dilaksanakan dengan konsep pelatihan keterampilan batik, telah menjadi bukti nyata bahwa seni batik masih dapat dikembangkan dan dilestarikan keberadaannya, serta diharapkan ada tindak lanjut dengan pelaksanaan program pendampingan lainnya yang saling bersinergi dan berkesinambungan.
Pengaruh Deforestasi Dan Tingkat Kebakaran Hutan Terhadap Tingkat Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca
Authors: Maryani Sri
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the effect of the area of Forest Fire and Deforestation Figures on Green House Gas Emission Level. This study uses descriptive quantitative research, with statistical analytical methods. The data source is processed with the Importance-Performance Analysis, so that the area can be used as a reference in reducing the level of greenhouse gas emissions. The provinces of South Kalimantan, South Sumatra and Papua are areas prone to fires which are suspected not to be affected by the high level of Indonesia's deforestation within and outside the Forest Zone, but there may be other factors that play a role in the emergence of the forest fires. It is suspected that among the factors that can be a trigger factor for high levels of forest fires that are directly related to the increase in the number of greenhouse gas emissions, namely the distribution of the peat deposits.
Countermeasures under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures: Between the Aircraft Manufacturing Industry and Society
Authors: Mahawira Nawagani Ida Bagus , Amalia Prita , Novianty Muchtar Helitha
Published: August 2021

Countermeasures under World Trade Organization (WTO) law are separated into two categories, remedies and a method to induce compliance after another defaulting state fails to adhere to WTO's panel recommendation. This article will focus on the second category. The term ‘countermeasures’ specifically refers to an act of suspension of concessions or other obligations. One case of granted countermeasures is DS316, a case between the United States of America (US) and the European Union (EU). The issue of this case is the subsidies granted by the EU for Airbus, an aircraft manufacturer based in Europe which consists of four European nations, which resulted in Boeing's market loss. The US then requested countermeasures authorisation by the WTO. Countermeasures are related to the principle of proportionality both under public international law and WTO law. Additionally, countermeasures can lead to a more complex situation since it affects the human rights of the private actors of international trade as a part of society. This article explains the implementation of both the countermeasures and the proportionality principle, and analyses the precedents of cases and the countermeasures granted by the WTO as well as the effects of the granted countermeasures to society as it creates barriers for all the international trade actors.
Factors Associated with COVID-19 Infection, Hospitalization and Death in New York City Neighborhoods
Authors: Gu Anna , Shafeeq Hira , Chen Ting , Gadhoke Preety
Published: August 2021

Background: A key to an effective Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Community Intervention is to understand populations who are most vulnerable to it. We aimed at evaluating characteristics of New York City communities where rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases were particularly high.
Methods: The study outcomes - neighborhood-specific confirmed COVID-19 cases, positive tests, and COVID-19 attributable deaths were calculated using data extracted from the New York City government health website, which were linked to results from Community Health Survey. Distributions of study outcomes across New York City community districts and their associations with neighborhood characteristics were examined using Jonckheere-Terpstra tests.
Results: As of May 21, 2010, rates of confirmed cases ranged from 0.8% (Greenwich Village and Soho) to 3.9% (Jackson Heights), and the rates of attributable death from to 0.6‰ (Greenwich Village and Soho) to 4.2‰ (Coney Island). Higher percentages of black, Hispanic and foreign-born populations, lower educational attainment, poverty, lack of health insurance, and suboptimal quality of health care were all factors found to be correlated with increased rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases. 
Conclusions: The epidemiology of COVID-19 exhibited great variations among neighborhoods in New York City. Community interventions aimed at COVID-19 prevention and mitigation should place high priorities in areas with large populations of blacks and Hispanics and economically disadvantages areas.
Produção do conhecimento e resistências na área da educação:
Authors: Viñal Junior José Veiga , Miranda Helga Porto , Pereira Ana Lúcia Nunes
Published: August 2021

Apresentamos o levantamento da produção acadêmica, desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação, Mestrado Profissional em Educação de Jovens e Adultos (MPEJA), pela Universidade do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), a partir das pesquisas desenvolvidas com a temática da EJA. Realizamos uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, no contexto do MPEJA, com procedimentos de mapeamento da produção científica, e um grupo de discussão com egressos do Programa. Os resultados apontam o trabalho pioneiro, responsável e significativo que o MPEJA desenvolve, como espaço de produção e difusão do conhecimento, possibilitando transformações na área da EJA, fomentando ações de enfrentamento, e impactando as diferentes Territórios de Identidade na Bahia.
Da formação inicial ao ingresso na carreira docente: um diálogo luso-brasileiro
Authors: Felício Helena
Published: August 2021

Este trabalho analisa as representações que os professores, egressos do curso de formação de professores de uma universidade pública brasileira e uma universidade portuguesa, fazem do seu processo de formação inicial, considerando a sua experiência profissional. As informações foram recolhidas por meio de um questionário disponibilizado on-line. Em ambos os contextos os professores reconhecem as positividades e as limitações dos cursos de formação inicial, enfatizando o papel da prática pedagógica e do estágio supervisionado como facilitador deste processo. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de pensar o currículo de formação em rede que considere a articulação entre universidade e escola de educação básica, a fim de que a transição de estudante à profissional seja menos impactante.
Surface Basins Evaluation of the Southern Desert, West Iraq
Authors: Ali Ali Hussein , Ali Kamal K. , Al-Shamma'a Ayser M.
Published: August 2021

The results of the present study show that the highest elevation point is (912) meters (a.s.l.) inside Wadi Al-Khur basin while the lowest elevation point is (6) meters (a.s.l.) inside Wadi Abu-Talha basin. The biggest catchment area is represented by Wadi Al-Khur (48840 km²) whereas the smallest catchment area is Wadi Taqtaq (1748 km²). The stream direction of all streams trends from South-West towards North-East. The soil available water capacity (AWC) (Moisture Deficit) in the studied area was15 mm. The average annual rainfall was133.11 mm, the average annual temperature was 25.65 Co, the total depth amount of E Apanwas 3691.85 mm/year, the relative humidity was 40 %, the average annual sunshine is 7.9 hrs., and the average annual wind speed is 2.7 m/s. The water surplus of the total studied area 46800 km) was about 488.592 m³⁄year, while the runoff amount was about 442.190 m³ ⁄year.
Optimasi Formula Sediaan Losion Tabir Surya dari Ekstrak Etanol Terpurifikasi Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) Dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design
Authors: Iryani Yeyen Dwi , Astuti Ika Yuni , Diniatik Diniatik
Published: August 2021

Ekstrak kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L) mengandung senyawa xanton yang memiliki aktivitas farmakologis dimana salah satu turunan xanton  α-mangostin bekerja sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui etanol yang menghasilkan ekstrak dengan jumlah xanton tertinggi, menguji aktivitas antioksidan dan tabir surya dari ekstrak terpurifikasi serta mengoptimasi formula sediaan losion tabir surya dari ekstrak terpurifikasi kulit manggis.Optimasi formula losion dilakukan menggunakan software Design Expert® versi 11 dengan kombinasi ekstrak terpurifikasi, asam stearat dan trietanolamin. 14 formula losion dievaluasi nilai SPF, pH dan viskositasnya untuk penentuan formula optimum. Formula optimum selanjutnya diuji nilai SPF, ph dan viskositas untuk membandingkan prediksi software dan hasil percobaan. Selain itu dilakukan uji daya sebar, daya lekat serta stabilitas mekanis terhadap formula optimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan xanton dalam ekstrak etanol 50% sebesar 20,42%, ekstrak etanol 70 % sebesar 29,88% dan ekstrak etanol 96% sebesar 64,57%. Ekstrak terpurifikasi kulit buah manggis memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 5,53 dan nilai AAI 14,46 serta memiliki nilai SPF 8,94 pada konsentrasi 50 µg/ml. Formula optimum yang diperoleh memiliki nilai SPF 7,49 ± 0,0297, kekentalan 21.166,666 cp ± 10,41 serta pH 6,490 ± 0,0404, daya sebar 7,833333 ± 0,15, daya lekat 2,03 ± 0,01.
Pemanfaatan Iradiasi Gelombang Mikro pada Sintesis Metil orto-metoksisinamat
Authors: Yaqin Istna Nur’ainul , Ekowati Juni , Nofianti Kholis Amalia , Suzana Suzana
Published: August 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mensintesis senyawa metil orto-metoksisinamat (MOMS) yang terbukti berdasarkan uji in silico dapat digunakan mengobati penyakit kardiovaskular, yaitu sebagai antiplatelet. Sintesis MOMS dilakukan dari material awal asam orto-hidroksisinamat (AOHS) dengan metode iradiasi gelombang mikro dan membandingkan profil KLT selama proses reaksi sintesis pada tiga daya iradiasi gelombang mikro tersebut (120, 280 dan 400Watt). Reaksi yang digunakan adalah reaksi metilasi pada gugus OH asam karboksilat dan gugus fenolik dari senyawa AOHS dengan dimetil sulfat sebagai agen pemetilasi. Kondisi reaksinya diatur dalam suasana basa K2CO3 menggunakan pelarut aseton. Pengambilan sampel pada proses reaksi sintesis dilakukan setiap 30 detik pada masing-masing daya microwave dan dievaluasi noda yang terbentuk pada plat kromatografi lapisan tipis (KLT), dan dilanjutkan sampai reaksi sempurna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesempurnaan reaksi semakin cepat dengan bertambahnya daya microwave. Prosentase hasil yang diperoleh 72%. Berdasarkan analisis senyawa menggunakan spektrofotometer FT-IR, spektrometer 1H-NMR dan 13C-NMR, disimpulkan bahwa reaksi sintesis senyawa MOMS dapat dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan iradiasi gelombang mikro, hal ini disebabkan adanya gugus polar pada AOHS yang dapat menyerap iradiasi gelombang mikro. Semakin tinggi daya yang digunakan pada reaksi metilasi AOHS, maka semakin cepat waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk kesempurnaan reaksi
Review: Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Sebagai Model Obesitas dan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2
Authors: Hardianti Mira , Yuniarto Ari , Hasimun Patonah
Published: August 2021

Zebrafish (Danio rerio) yang sebelumnya disebut Brachydanio rerio merupakan spesies ikan air tawar tropis yang berukuran kecil yang berasal dari Asia Selatan dan Sungai Gangga di India. Zebrafish bisa diaplikasikan pada model obesitas dan diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2). Obesitas merupakan pemicu terjadinya DMT2. Tujuan dari review artikel ini dapat memberikan informasi dan meningkatkan pemahaman pembaca bahwa zebrafish merupakan model yang ideal untuk obesitas dan DMT2. Metode penulisan review artikel ini dilakukan dengan penelusuran artikel ilmiah terpublikasi bertaraf nasional dan internasional dengan menggunakan kata kunci berupa “Obesity, zebrafish, model”, “Hyperglycemia, zebrafish, model” atau “zebrafish for hyperglycemia” dan “Diabetes melitus type 2, zebrafish, model”. Zebrafish model obesitas dan DMT2 yang diinduksi makanan dan obat menunjukkan keunggulan menjadi obesitas seperti pada manusia dan mamalia lain. Selain itu, zebrafish yang diinduksi dengan metode perendaman glukosa diperoleh hasil meningkatnya kadar glukosa darah dan gangguan respon terhadap insulin eksogen. Pemberian alternatif terapi dari bahan alam seperti GTE, palmaria mollis, diosgenin, bubuk kayu manis pada zebrafish memberikan hasil yang cukup baik sehingga bisa dipertimbangkan sebagai alternatif model hewan lain.
Peran dan Metode Pengukuran Protein Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (Kim-1) sebagai Biomarker pada Cedera Ginjal Akut
Authors: Indriani Ervita , Amalia Riezki , Levita Jutti
Published: August 2021

Cedera ginjal akut atau Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) adalah salah satu sindrom klinis yang menyebabkan risiko mortalitas dan morbiditas yang tinggi. Deteksi dini AKI sangat diperlukan untuk mencegah kerusakan ginjal permanen dan memperlambat perkembangan AKI. Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) adalah biomarker yang sensitif, spesifik dan cepat dalam deteksi dini AKI. KIM-1 akan diekspresikan berlebih pada sel epitel tubulus proksimal setelah adanya cedera pada ginjal. KIM-1 dapat menggambarkan disfungsi ginjal melalui cairan tubuh, seperti plasma dan urin. Kajian pustaka ini membahas karakteristik, peran dan metode pengukuran KIM-1 sebagai biomarker untuk deteksi dini AKI. Kajian dilakukan terhadap 51 artikel yang didapat dari basis data PubMed dengan kata kunci “Kidney Injury Molecule-1”, “KIM-1 Biomarker”, “KIM-1 assay”, “Acute Kidney Injury” dan “KIM-1 kidney injury biomarker”. KIM-1 adalah glikoprotein transmembran tipe I dengan berat molekul ~104 kDa yang mengalami peningkatan konsentrasi di membran apikal sel epitel tubulus proksimal dan berperan dalam patogenesis cedera sel tubulus ginjal. KIM-1 memiliki sensitivitas dan spesifisitas yang baik dengan nilai AUC-ROC >0,5. Metode pengukuran yang paling banyak digunakan adalah ELISA dan sampel yang paling banyak digunakan adalah urin karena peningkatannya lebih jelas dibanding dengan plasma. KIM-1 urin yang diukur menggunakan metode ELISA memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan dan digunakan sebagai parameter diagnosis dini AKI di masa mendatang
IMPROVING THE COMMUNICATION POLICY INDIVIDUAL KULCHYTSKYI K.V. (COFFEE HOUSE No1)
Authors:   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Znachek Rafaela , Muntian Iryna ,   Odessa National Academy of Food Technologies, Kniazieva Olena ,   Odessa Regional Institute for Public Administration of the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine
Published: August 2021

Further development of the market processes in Ukraine, creating prerequisites for its successful integration into the global economic community requires significant changes in determining the priority forms, methods and directions of economic activity. The beginning of the XXI century is characterized by fundamental changes in the economy of Ukraine, which significantly affect the principles of its functioning. Today our country is moving towards an informational, post-industrial stage of the society development, where information is becoming one of the priority types of the resources. According to the domestic and foreign experts, industrialized countries lose up to 10% of their national product annually due to a lack of necessary information. As a result, today the availability of information is put forward among the critical factors for the commercial success of business activities and creates prerequisites for winning the competition. In this situation, the entrepreneurs and scientists are of considerable interest to the modern marketing concept of the management and advanced methods and forms of marketing influence on the formation of the market demand and competitive position of the enterprise. In the context of the growing role of non-price forms of the competition, the rapid development of the information technologies, an effective system of marketing communications is becoming a key factor in ensuring the competitiveness of many enterprises both in the domestic and international markets. It is a complex and dynamic process characterized by an increase in the use of various communication tools, the emergence of new tools for the information impact. The key to the success of a high-tech enterprise in the market is its competence to optimally organize the interaction of many elements of this system, determine the most forceful and effective types of marketing communications and the ability to effectively manage them.
SYSTEMATIZATION OF SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS OF MANAGEMENT ACCORDING TO THE LIFE CYCLE OF THE EMPLOYEE
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Chernobay Liana , Shyron Yuliia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: August 2021

The main resource of the modern economy, which represents today a significant share of the national wealth of developed countries, is human capital and its readiness for the personal and professional growth. Continuous training and improvement of employees, which is defined by the modern concept of lifelong learning (LLL) is considered a defining prerequisite for ensuring competitiveness in the current economic conditions, in which people become "new oil". An employee’s labor activity is a process that consists of a series of successive interdependent stages, starting from the first hiring and ending the last dismissal (or retirement). According to the concept of periodization of the employee’s labor activity and the selected stages there was proposed a clarified interpretation of the employee's life cycle. Each cycle is completed with a transition to a new level, associated with a change of the position, profession or the employee's place of work by starting his own business and so on. Throughout life it is repeated many times. The obligatory condition of implementing the concept of LLL is the transition of employee to a new level of the life cycle, accompanied by the growth of knowledge and skills, and, consequently, the resulting indicators of the socio-economic system as a whole. Motivating employees to certain actions, including personal growth, occurs with the number of tools, among which the application of socio- psychological methods of management acquires special value, taking into account the stages of the employee's work. The effective influence of social and psychological methods of management on personal development as well as on the employee’s performance in the article was noted. Based on the analysis of literature sources, according to the proposed employee’s life cycle stages the main socio- psychological methods of management were systematized, which provides management with an effective practical tool for the influence of the ruling system on the managed.
INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF PERSONAL PEASANT FARMS IN THE BORDER REGION
Authors:   Mukachevo State University, Hoblyk Volodymyr , Resler Maryna ,   Mukachevo State University, Demyan Yaroslava ,   Mukachevo State University
Published: August 2021

The article examines the attraction of foreign investment in the Transcarpathian region within the cross-border region. Investment cooperation with the territories bordering the countries of the European Union - Poland, Romania, and Hungary - is analyzed. Slovakia. It is established that the most intensive cooperation is carried out in the Ukrainian-Hungarian cross-border region. In addition to foreign direct investment, Hungary provides both lending assistance and through Egan Ede's Economic Development Program, strengthening economic, cultural, and historical ties with its border areas. Using statistical methods, the inflow of foreign direct investment in the Transcarpathian region is analyzed. It is established that the total volume of foreign direct investment is 243 million US dollars, including from the countries of the European Union 225.3 million US dollars, which is 92.7% of the total. It is determined that the greatest interest among foreign investors by type of economic activity is as follows: industry - 77.3% (total), wholesale and retail trade - 5.2%, then - transport, agriculture, forestry and fisheries, construction, real estate transactions. The share of Hungarian investments in the Transcarpathian region is most significant among neighboring countries. The possibilities of using the experience of Hungary in the administrative-territorial and land reform and the possibility of applying it in territorial communities are considered. It is proposed to create an association of agricultural producers in the united communities with the participation of farmers, private farms, and foreign investors. The methodology and principles of creating the association are laid down. The study identified factors that hinder the process of investing and improving the investment climate in the cross-border region. The most important is the insufficient development of border infrastructure, inadequate institutional support for investment activities, low quality of human capital, the inertia of border business.
THE MAIN TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF RETAIL TRADE IN UKRAINE DURING THE PERIOD OF INSTABILITY
Authors:   West Ukrainian National University, Boichyk Iryna , Sobko Olha ,   West Ukrainian National University, Spyak Halyna ,   West Ukrainian National University
Published: August 2021

The place and role of trade in the development of the domestic economy is identified in the article, the positive dynamics of wholesale and retail trade in the formation of Ukraine's GDP is substantiates. It is noted that one of the priority areas of trade development is retail trade, which in recent years has been actively increasing its position in the economic sphere of Ukraine. These data confirm the general trend of growth of retail trade in Ukraine even in the current conditions of instability. Based on the analysis of objective environmental factors, the main trends in the development of retail trade in the domestic market of goods and services are substantiated. These include, in particular, the development of online retail, increased activity by foreign investors, the development of retail through the on-line format, “greening” of retail, the development of a network of stores “step-by-step accessibility”, expanding the network of small branded stores of regional manufacturers, orientation to improve the level and quality of trade services, price flexibility in retail trade. It is summarized that increasing the attractiveness of retail outlets is possible not only through assortment and pricing policy, but also by expanding the “service perimeter” of customers, providing them with the widest possible range of both basic and additional services.
Comprehensive assessment of peripheral innervation and microcirculatory function in local cold trauma
Authors: Михайличенко М.И. , Шаповалов К.Г. , Мудров В.А.
Published: August 2021

Актуальность криопоражений обусловлена большим числом пострадавших, сложностью лечения, длительной утратой трудоспособности, тяжелыми последствиями и, как следствие, высоким уровнем инвалидизации. Цель исследования -- оценка изменений микрокровотока и периферической иннервации при местной холодовой травме и формирование прогностической модели уровня повреждения конечности. Методика. Под наблюдением было 35 больных с местной холодовой травмой нижних конечностей III-IV степени. Использован неинвазивный метод лазерной доплеровской флуометрии с помощью аппарата ЛАКК-02, а также метод накожной электронейромиографии с помощью аппарата Нейро-ВМП, компании Нейрософт. Результаты. Несмотря на гипотетически функциональную связь между микрокровотоком кожи и уровнем отморожения пораженной конечности, статистически значимых результатов получено не было (p > 0,05), что свидетельствует о более сложном генезе патологических изменений в пораженной конечности. Между тем, у пострадавших с местной криотравмой отмечены выраженные изменения периферической иннервации. Нейропатия прогрессирует с увеличением уровня повреждения. Заключение. У пациентов с местной холодовой травмой отмечается снижение биоэлектрической активности мышц в области пораженной конечности.

Cryotrauma is relevant due to a large number of patients, the complexity of treatment, the likelihood of severe complications, and long-term disability. The aim was to assess oscillations in microcirculation and peripheral innervation during regional cold injury, and to form a prognostic model according to the severity of limb injury. Methods. Studies were carried out in 35 patients with III-IV degree local cold injury of a leg. Non-invasive laser Doppler flowmetry was performed with a LAKK-02 device, and peripheral innervation was evaluated by cutaneous electroneuromyography with a Neurosoft Neuro-VMP device. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the injury. Results. Despite the hypothetical, functional relationship between skin microcirculatory blood flow and the degree of frostbite of the affected tissue, no statistically significant association was detected (p > 0.05), which indicates a more complex genesis of the cold-induced pathology. However, there were pronounced changes in neural activity in this tissue. Neuropathy increased with increasing injury. Conclusions. In patients with local cold trauma there is a decrease in the bioelectric activity of the muscles in the damaged tissue.
Parallel algorithms for solving the problem of coastal bottom relief dynamics
Authors: Сухинов А.И. , Чистяков А.Е. , Проценко Е.А. , Сидорякина В.В. , Проценко C.B.
Published: August 2021

Предложена нестационарная 2D-модель транспорта донных отложений в прибрежной зоне мелководных водоемов, дополненная уравнениями Навье–Стокса, неразрывности и состояния водной среды. Дискретная модель транспорта наносов получена в результате аппроксимации соответствующей линеаризованной непрерывной модели. Поскольку задачи прогнозирования транспорта наносов требуют решения в реальном или ускоренном масштабах времени, на сетках, включающих 106–109 узлов, необходима разработка параллельных алгоритмов задач гидродинамики на системах с массовым параллелизмом. Представлены результаты работы созданного эффективного программного обеспечения для выполнения гидродинамических вычислительных экспериментов, позволяющие проводить численное моделирование деформации дна в прибрежной зоне водоема. Приведены результаты численных экспериментов.

A nonstationary 2D model of bottom sediment transport in the coastal zones of shallow water reservoirs is supplemented with the Navier–Stokes equations, the continuity equation, and the state equation of the water environment. A discrete model of sediment transport is obtained by approximating the corresponding linearized continuous model. Since the problems of predicting sediment transport need to be solved in real or accelerated time scales, parallel algorithms for hydrodynamic problems on systems with mass parallelism should be developed on grids with 106–109 nodes. The paper contains the results obtained by an efficient software implemented to perform hydrodynamic computational experiments that allow the numerical modeling of bottom deformation in the coastal zones of reservoir. The results of numerical experiments are discussed.