bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Involvement of the miR156/SPL module in flooding response in Medicago sativa
Authors: Feyissa Biruk A. , Amyot Lisa , Nasrollahi Vida , Papadopoulos Yousef , Kohalmi Susanne E. , Hannoufa Abdelali
Published: February 2021

The highly conserved plant microRNA, miR156, affects plant development, metabolite composition, and stress response. Our previous research revealed the role of miR156 in abiotic stress response in Medicago sativa exerted by downregulating SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE transcription factors. Here we investigated the involvement and possible mechanism of action of the miR156/SPL module in flooding tolerance in alfalfa. For that, we used miR156 overexpressing, SPL13RNAi, flood-tolerant (AAC-Trueman) and -sensitive (AC-Caribou) alfalfa cultivars exposed to flooding. We also used Arabidopsis ABA insensitive (abi1-2, abi5-8) mutants and transgenic lines with either overexpressed (KIN10-OX1, KIN10-OX2) or silenced (KIN10RNAi-1, KIN10RNAi-2) catalytic subunit of SnRK1 to investigate a possible role of ABA and SnRK1 in regulating miR156 expression under flooding. Physiological analysis, hormone profiling and global transcriptome changes revealed a role for miR156/SPL module in flooding tolerance. We also identified nine novel alfalfa SPLs (SPL1, SPL1a, SPL2a, SPL7, SPL7a, SPL8, SPL13a, SPL14, SPL16) responsive to flooding. Our results also showed a possible ABA-dependent SnRK1 upregulation to enhance miR156 expression, resulting in downregulation of SPL4, SPL7a, SPL8, SPL9, SPL13, and SPL13a. We conclude that these effects induce flooding adaptive responses in alfalfa and modulate stress physiology by affecting the transcriptome, ABA metabolites and secondary metabolism.
(Pro)renin receptor involves in myocardial fibrosis and oxidative stress in diabetic cardiomyopathy via the PRR–YAP pathway
Authors: Yu Shiran , Dong Xuefei , Yang Min , Yu Qingtao , Xiong Jie , Chen Jing , Dong Bo , Su Qing
Published: February 2021

(Pro)renin receptor (PRR) and Yes-associated protein (YAP) play an important role in cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of PRR–YAP pathway in the pathogenesis of DCM is also not clear. We hypothesized that PRR–YAP pathway may promote pathological injuries in DCM by triggering redox. Wistar rats and neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts were respectively used in vivo and in vitro studies. In order to observe the effects of PRR mediated YAP pathway on the pathogenesis of DCM, animal experiments were divided into 3 parts, including the evaluation the effects of PRR overexpression, PRR RNAi silencing and YAP RNAi silencing. Recombinant-adenoviruses-carried-PRR-gene (Ad-PRR), Ad-PRR-shRNA and lentivirus-carried-YAP-shRNA were constructed and the effects of PRR mediated YAP on the pathogenesis of DCM were evaluated. YAP specific inhibitor Verteporfin was also administrated in cardiac fibroblasts to explore the impact of PRR–YAP pathway on oxidative stress and myocardial fibrosis. The results displayed that PRR overexpression could enhance YAP expression but PRR RNAi silencing down-regulated its expression. Moreover, PRR overexpression could exacerbate oxidative stress and myocardial fibrosis in DCM, and these pathological changes could be rescued by YAP blockade. We concluded that PRR–YAP pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of DCM.
Genetic testing of leukodystrophies unraveling extensive heterogeneity in a large cohort and report of five common diseases and 38 novel variants
Authors: Mahdieh Nejat , Soveizi Mahdieh , Tavasoli Ali Reza , Rabbani Ali , Ashrafi Mahmoud Reza , Kohlschütter Alfried , Rabbani Bahareh
Published: February 2021

This study evaluates the genetic spectrum of leukodystrophies and leukoencephalopathies in Iran. 152 children, aged from 1 day to 15 years, were genetically tested for leukodystrophies and leukoencephalopathies based on clinical and neuroradiological findings from 2016 to 2019. Patients with a suggestive specific leukodystrophy, e. g. metachromatic leukodystrophy, Canavan disease, Tay-Sachs disease were tested for mutations in single genes (108; 71%) while patients with less suggestive findings were evaluated by NGS. 108 of 152(71%) had MRI patterns and clinical findings suggestive of a known leukodystrophy. In total, 114(75%) affected individuals had (likely) pathogenic variants which included 38 novel variants. 35 different types of leukodystrophies and genetic leukoencephalopathies were identified. The more common identified disorders included metachromatic leukodystrophy (19 of 152; 13%), Canavan disease (12; 8%), Tay-Sachs disease (11; 7%), megalencephalic leukodystrophy with subcortical cysts (7; 5%), X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (8; 5%), Pelizaeus–Merzbacher-like disease type 1 (8; 5%), Sandhoff disease (6; 4%), Krabbe disease (5; 3%), and vanishing white matter disease (4; 3%). Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed 90% leukodystrophies and genetic leukoencephalopathies. The total diagnosis rate was 75%. This unique study presents a national genetic data of leukodystrophies; it may provide clues to the genetic pool of neighboring countries. Patients with clinical and neuroradiological evidence of a genetic leukoencephalopathy should undergo a genetic analysis to reach a definitive diagnosis. This will allow a diagnosis at earlier stages of the disease, reduce the burden of uncertainty and costs, and will provide the basis for genetic counseling and family planning.
Transcriptome comparisons of in vitro intestinal epithelia grown under static and microfluidic gut-on-chip conditions with in vivo human epithelia
Authors: Kulthong Kornphimol , Hooiveld Guido J. E. J. , Duivenvoorde Loes , Miro Estruch Ignacio , Marin Victor , van der Zande Meike , Bouwmeester Hans
Published: February 2021

Gut-on-chip devices enable exposure of cells to a continuous flow of culture medium, inducing shear stresses and could thus better recapitulate the in vivo human intestinal environment in an in vitro epithelial model compared to static culture methods. We aimed to study if dynamic culture conditions affect the gene expression of Caco-2 cells cultured statically or dynamically in a gut-on-chip device and how these gene expression patterns compared to that of intestinal segments in vivo. For this we applied whole genome transcriptomics. Dynamic culture conditions led to a total of 5927 differentially expressed genes (3280 upregulated and 2647 downregulated genes) compared to static culture conditions. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed upregulated pathways associated with the immune system, signal transduction and cell growth and death, and downregulated pathways associated with drug metabolism, compound digestion and absorption under dynamic culture conditions. Comparison of the in vitro gene expression data with transcriptome profiles of human in vivo duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon tissue samples showed similarities in gene expression profiles with intestinal segments. It is concluded that both the static and the dynamic gut-on-chip model are suitable to study human intestinal epithelial responses as an alternative for animal models.
Domeless receptor loss in fat body tissue reverts insulin resistance induced by a high-sugar diet in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Lourido Fernanda , Quenti Daniela , Salgado-Canales Daniela , Tobar Nicolás
Published: February 2021

Insulin resistance is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes resulting from the confluence of several factors, including genetic susceptibility, inflammation, and diet. Under this pathophysiological condition, the dysfunction of the adipose tissue triggered by the excess caloric supply promotes the loss of sensitivity to insulin at the local and peripheral level, a process in which different signaling pathways are involved that are part of the metabolic response to the diet. Besides, the dysregulation of insulin signaling is strongly associated with inflammatory processes in which the JAK/STAT pathway plays a central role. To better understand the role of JAK/STAT signaling in the development of insulin resistance, we used a simple organism, Drosophila melanogaster, as a type 2 diabetes model generated by the consumption of a high-sugar diet. In this model, we studied the effects of inhibiting the expression of the JAK/STAT pathway receptor Domeless, in fat body, on adipose metabolism and glycemic control. Our results show that the Domeless receptor loss in fat body cells reverses both hyperglycemia and the increase in the expression of the insulin resistance marker Nlaz, observed in larvae fed a high sugar diet. This effect is consistent with a significant reduction in Dilp2 mRNA expression and an increase in body weight compared to wild-type flies fed high sugar diets. Additionally, the loss of Domeless reduced the accumulation of triglycerides in the fat body cells of larvae fed HSD and also significantly increased the lifespan of adult flies. Taken together, our results show that the loss of Domeless in the fat body reverses at least in part the dysmetabolism induced by a high sugar diet in a Drosophila type 2 diabetes model.
Adaptive evolution in a conifer hybrid zone is driven by a mosaic of recently introgressed and background genetic variants
Authors: Menon Mitra , Bagley Justin C. , Page Gerald F. M. , Whipple Amy V. , Schoettle Anna W. , Still Christopher J. , Wehenkel Christian , Waring Kristen M. , Flores-Renteria Lluvia , Cushman Samuel A. , Eckert Andrew J.
Published: February 2021

Extant conifer species may be susceptible to rapid environmental change owing to their long generation times, but could also be resilient due to high levels of standing genetic diversity. Hybridisation between closely related species can increase genetic diversity and generate novel allelic combinations capable of fuelling adaptive evolution. Our study unravelled the genetic architecture of adaptive evolution in a conifer hybrid zone formed betweenPinus strobiformisandP. flexilis. Using a multifaceted approach emphasising the spatial and environmental patterns of linkage disequilibrium and ancestry enrichment, we identified recently introgressed and background genetic variants to be driving adaptive evolution along different environmental gradients. Specifically, recently introgressed variants fromP. flexiliswere favoured along freeze-related environmental gradients, while background variants were favoured along water availability-related gradients. We posit that such mosaics of allelic variants within conifer hybrid zones will confer upon them greater resilience to ongoing and future environmental change and can be a key resource for conservation efforts.
Crystal structure of the human PRPK–TPRKB complex
Authors: Li Jian , Ma Xinli , Banerjee Surajit , Chen Hanyong , Ma Weiya , Bode Ann M. , Dong Zigang
Published: February 2021

Mutations of the p53-related protein kinase (PRPK) and TP53RK-binding protein (TPRKB) cause Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) and are found in various human cancers. We have previously shown that small compounds targeting PRPK showed anti-cancer activity against colon and skin cancer. Here we present the 2.53 Å crystal structure of the human PRPK-TPRKB-AMPPNP (adenylyl-imidodiphosphate) complex. The structure reveals details in PRPK-AMPPNP coordination and PRPK-TPRKB interaction. PRPK appears in an active conformation, albeit lacking the conventional kinase activation loop. We constructed a structural model of the human EKC/KEOPS complex, composed of PRPK, TPRKB, OSGEP, LAGE3, and GON7. Disease mutations in PRPK and TPRKB are mapped into the structure, and we show that one mutation, PRPK K238Nfs*2, lost the binding to OSGEP. Our structure also makes the virtual screening possible and paves the way for more rational drug design.
Lipid Traffic Analysis reveals the impact of high paternal carbohydrate intake on offsprings’ lipid metabolism
Authors: Furse Samuel , Watkins Adam J. , Hojat Nima , Smith James , Williams Huw E. L. , Chiarugi Davide , Koulman Albert
Published: February 2021

In this paper we present an investigation of parental-diet-driven metabolic programming in offspring using a novel computational network analysis tool. The impact of high paternal carbohydrate intake on offsprings’ phospholipid and triglyceride metabolism in F1 and F2 generations is described. Detailed lipid profiles were acquired from F1 neonate (3 weeks), F1 adult (16 weeks) and F2 neonate offspring in serum, liver, brain, heart and abdominal adipose tissues by MS and NMR. Using a purpose-built computational tool for analysing both phospholipid and fat metabolism as a network, we characterised the number, type and abundance of lipid variables in and between tissues (Lipid Traffic Analysis), finding a variety of reprogrammings associated with paternal diet. These results are important because they describe the long-term metabolic result of dietary intake by fathers. This analytical approach is important because it offers unparalleled insight into possible mechanisms for alterations in lipid metabolism throughout organisms.
Second-generation lung-on-a-chip with an array of stretchable alveoli made with a biological membrane
Authors: Zamprogno Pauline , Wüthrich Simon , Achenbach Sven , Thoma Giuditta , Stucki Janick D. , Hobi Nina , Schneider-Daum Nicole , Lehr Claus-Michael , Huwer Hanno , Geiser Thomas , Schmid Ralph A. , Guenat Olivier T.
Published: February 2021

The air-blood barrier with its complex architecture and dynamic environment is difficult to mimic in vitro. Lung-on-a-chips enable mimicking the breathing movements using a thin, stretchable PDMS membrane. However, they fail to reproduce the characteristic alveoli network as well as the biochemical and physical properties of the alveolar basal membrane. Here, we present a lung-on-a-chip, based on a biological, stretchable and biodegradable membrane made of collagen and elastin, that emulates an array of tiny alveoli with in vivo-like dimensions. This membrane outperforms PDMS in many ways: it does not absorb rhodamine-B, is biodegradable, is created by a simple method, and can easily be tuned to modify its thickness, composition and stiffness. The air-blood barrier is reconstituted using primary lung alveolar epithelial cells from patients and primary lung endothelial cells. Typical alveolar epithelial cell markers are expressed, while the barrier properties are preserved for up to 3 weeks.
Surprisingly long lifetime of methacrolein oxide, an isoprene derived Criegee intermediate, under humid conditions
Authors: Lin Yen-Hsiu , Yin Cangtao , Takahashi Kaito , Lin Jim Jr-Min
Published: February 2021

Ozonolysis of isoprene, the most abundant alkene, produces three distinct Criegee intermediates (CIs): CH2OO, methyl vinyl ketone oxide (MVKO) and methacrolein oxide (MACRO). The oxidation of SO2 by CIs is a potential source of H2SO4, an important precursor of aerosols. Here we investigated the UV-visible spectroscopy and reaction kinetics of thermalized MACRO. An extremely fast reaction of anti-MACRO with SO2 has been found, kSO2 = (1.5 ± 0.4) × 10−10 cm3 s−1 (±1σ, σ is the standard deviation of the data) at 298 K (150 − 500 Torr), which is ca. 4 times the value for syn-MVKO. However, the reaction of anti-MACRO with water vapor has been observed to be quite slow with an effective rate coefficient of (9 ± 5) × 10−17 cm3 s−1 (±1σ) at 298 K (300 to 500 Torr), which is smaller than current literature values by 1 or 2 orders of magnitude. Our results indicate that anti-MACRO has an atmospheric lifetime (best estimate ca. 18 ms at 298 K and RH = 70%) much longer than previously thought (ca. 0.3 or 3 ms), resulting in a much higher steady-state concentration. Owing to larger reaction rate coefficient, the impact of anti-MACRO on the oxidation of atmospheric SO2 would be substantial, even more than that of syn-MVKO.
Metachronal waves in magnetic micro-robotic paddles for artificial cilia
Authors: Bryan Matthew T. , Martin Elizabeth L. , Pac Aleksandra , Gilbert Andrew D. , Ogrin Feodor Y.
Published: February 2021

Biological cilia generate fluid movement within viscosity-dominated environments using beating motions that break time-reversal symmetry. This creates a metachronal wave, which enhances flow efficiency. Artificially mimicking this behaviour could improve microfluidic point-of-care devices, since viscosity-dominated fluid dynamics impede fluid flow and mixing of reagents, limiting potential for multiplexing diagnostic tests. However, current biomimicry schemes require either variation in the hydrodynamic response across a cilia array or a complex magnetic anisotropy configuration to synchronise the actuation sequence with the driving field. Here, we show that simple modifications to the structural design introduce phase differences between individual actuators, leading to the spontaneous formation of metachronal waves. This generates flow speeds of up to 16 μm/s as far as 675 μm above the actuator plane. By introducing metachronal waves through lithographic structuring, large scale manufacture becomes feasible. Additionally, by demonstrating that metachronal waves emerge from non-uniformity in internal structural mechanics, we offer fresh insight into the mechanics of cilia coordination.
NMR analysis of phosphoric acid distribution in porous fuel cell catalysts
Authors: Zhang En , Fulik Natalia , Zhang Hanyue , Bevilacqua Nico , Zeis Roswitha , Xu Fei , Brunner Eike , Kaskel Stefan
Published: February 2021

Solid state NMR sheds light on the interaction of phosphoric acid with nanoporous electrode materials in fuel cells.
A straightforward one-pot approach to two new defect energy levels in ZnS
Authors: Yang Xiaoman , Gu Wenhao , Yuan Chen , Yang Zhicheng , Shi Shaoqian , Liu Zhe , Liang Shuyu , Teng Fei
Published: February 2021

ZnS with double defect energy levels shows an amazing visible light photoactivity.
Mesoporous NiCo2Se4 tube as an efficient electrode material with enhanced performance for asymmetric supercapacitor applications
Authors: Guo Zhixiang , Diao Yuting , Han Xinru , Liu Zihao , Ni Yonghong , Zhang Li
Published: February 2021

• One-component NiCo2Se4 is synthesized. • The unique mesoporous tubular micro-nanostructure greatly improves the electrochemical performance. • Selenium with high electrical conductivity is beneficial for improving the energy density and power density.
HPO42− enhanced catalytic activity of N, S, B, and O-codoped carbon nanosphere-armored Co9S8 nanoparticles for organic pollutants degradation via peroxymonosulfate activation: critical roles of superoxide radical, singlet oxygen and electron transfer
Authors: Zhu Genxing , Zhu Jialu , Liu Qi , Fu Xinlong , Chen Ziyi , Li Kai , Cao Fengyi , Qin Qi , Jiao Mingli
Published: February 2021

A novel N, S, B, and O-codoped carbon nanosphere-armored Co9S8 nanoparticle composite was established and demonstrated efficient catalytic elimination of organic pollutants via peroxymonosulfate activation.
Helium atom scattering from potassium tantalate/niobate(001) surfaces
Authors: Van Winkle David H. , Skofronick J. G. , Trelenberg T. W. , Safron S. A. , Flaherty F. A.
Published: February 2021

The specular diffraction intensity of helium atoms from KTa0.48Nb0.52O3 surfaces undergoes dramatic fluctuations as a function of surface temperature.
Homogeneous nucleation of carbon dioxide in supersonic nozzles II: molecular dynamics simulations and properties of nucleating clusters
Authors: Halonen Roope , Tikkanen Valtteri , Reischl Bernhard , Dingilian Kayane K. , Wyslouzil Barbara E. , Vehkamäki Hanna
Published: February 2021

Molecular dynamics simulations reveal the structural and energetic properties of carbon dioxide clusters nucleating in the gas phase at extreme undercooling.
A comparative study on heterogeneous nucleation and mechanical properties of the fcc-Al/L12-Al3M (M = Sc, Ti, V, Y, Zr, Nb) interface from first-principles calculations
Authors: Liu Yu , Wen Jin-Chuan , Zhang Xie-Yi , Huang Yuan-Chun
Published: February 2021

The heterogeneous nucleation and mechanical properties of fcc-Al/L12-Al3M(M = Sc, Ti, V, Y, Zr, Nb) interfaces were compared. The contributions of interfacial lattice misfit and electronic interaction to the interfacial stability are detailed.
Structure-directed formation of the dative/covalent bonds in complexes with C70⋯piperidine
Authors: Lo Rabindranath , Lamanec Maximilián , Wang Weizhou , Manna Debashree , Bakandritsos Aristides , Dračínský Martin , Zbořil Radek , Nachtigallová Dana , Hobza Pavel
Published: February 2021

The combined experimental-computational study has been performed to investigate the complexes formed between C70carbon allotrope and piperidine.
Metal–organic frameworks with the gyroid surface: structures and applications
Authors: Li Yan Yan , Luo Dong , Wu Kun , Zhou Xiao-Ping
Published: February 2021

This review article summarizes the assembly, structures, and topologies of gyroidal metal–organic frameworks. Their applications in gas adsorption, catalysis, sensors, and luminescent materials are also discussed in detail.
Emerging investigator series: disaggregating residential sector high-resolution smart water meter data into appliance end-uses with unsupervised machine learning
Authors: Bethke Gabrielle M. , Cohen Abigail R. , Stillwell Ashlynn S.
Published: February 2021

Disaggregation of residential smart water meter data can support peak demand quantification and customized conservation and efficiency recommendations.
Novel scalable aerosol-assisted CVD route for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ratnasingham S. R. , Mohan L. , Daboczi M. , Degousée T. , Binions R. , Fenwick O. , Kim J.-S. , McLachlan M. A. , Briscoe J.
Published: February 2021

A perovskite solar cell is produced using the scalable technique aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition for the first time. This is achieved by using a 2-step process with lead acetate as the lead source and methanol as the solvent.
Recent advances in cathode engineering to enable reversible room-temperature aluminium–sulfur batteries
Authors: Sungjemmenla  , Soni Chhail Bihari , Kumar Vipin
Published: February 2021

The electrochemical reversibility of the aluminum–sulfur (Al–S) battery critically depends on the physical and chemical properties of the sulfur cathode.
Ambient processed (110) preferred MAPbI3 thin films for highly efficient perovskite solar cells
Authors: Guo Rui , Dahal Biplav , Thapa Arun , Poudel Yuba Raj , Liu Yunyan , Li Wenzhi
Published: February 2021

A methylamine-gas-mediated perovskite precursor resulted in high-quality MAPbI3 films featuring a (110) preferred crystal orientation. Planar PSC devices fabricated using the MA-gas-mediated precursor showed a high efficiency of 19.28%.
Promising tamoxifen-loaded biocompatible hybrid magnetic nanoplatforms against breast cancer cells: synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation
Authors: Cadena Castro Diego , Gatti Gerardo , Martín Sandra E. , Uberman Paula M. , García Mónica C.
Published: February 2021

Improved efficacy and safety of tamoxifen-loaded hybrid nanocarriers based on Fe3O4 nanoparticles, l-cysteine and hyaluronic acid for breast cancer therapy.
Structures and mechanisms of CO2 cycloaddition with styrene oxide on bimetallic M–Cu–BTC MOFs (M = Mg, Ca, Al, and Ga): a DFT study
Authors: Sirijaraensre Jakkapan
Published: February 2021

The Al–Cu–BTC catalyst having the strongest interaction with the SO molecule is the most promising catalyst for the conversion of CO2 to cyclic carbonate.
Synthesis of Pd0.01FexCe(1−x)/2Zr(1−x)/2Oy catalysts and their catalytic performance for ammonia production by passive SCR reaction
Authors: Liu Min , Yan Ruining , Zhao Xuteng , Wang Yinan , Zhan Reggie , Lin He
Published: February 2021

The passive ammonia SCR system has been considered as a novel after-treatment method to reduce the emission of NOx and produce ammonia for downstream SCR.
Light-induced carboxylation of aryl derivatives with cooperative COF as an active photocatalyst and Ni(ii) co-catalyst
Authors: Chakrabortty Pekham , Das Anjan , Chowdhury Arpita Hazra , Ghosh Swarbhanu , Khan Aslam , Islam Sk. Manirul
Published: February 2021

The photocatalytic carboxylation of aryl derivatives was demonstrated under CO2 at atmospheric pressure using a mesoporous COF as the active photocatalyst with triethylamine (TEA) as a sacrificial electron source under visible light.
Quinoidal conjugated polymers with open-shell character
Authors: Ji Xiaozhou , Fang Lei
Published: February 2021

Quinoidal π-Conjugated polymers with open shell character represent an intriguing class of macromolecules in terms of both fundamental research and practical applications.
Influence of the photoinitiating system on the properties of photopolymerized methylmethacrylate: the role of the ketyl radical in type II photoinitiators
Authors: Charlot V. , Ibrahim A. , Bessières M. , Croutxé-Barghorn C. , Delaite C. , Allonas X.
Published: February 2021

The photopolymerization of methylmethacrylate using different initiating systems strongly affects its glass transition temperature and dispersity.
Incident-angle dependent operando XAS cell design: investigation of the electrochemical cells under operating conditions at various incidence angles
Authors: Gunduz Seval , Deka Dhruba J. , Kim Jaesung , Wilson Michael , Warren Mark , Ozkan Umit S.
Published: February 2021

Bias and time-dependent changes in the oxidation state and the atomic environment of the atoms of a working electrode occur on the gas/electrode interface.
Atmospheric plasma reaction synthesised PtxFe1−x/graphene and TiO2 nanoparticles/graphene for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Cao Xiaoyu , Shen Qingyu , Zhuang Yefei , Zhuang Guoce , Chen Xiaobo
Published: February 2021

The DSSCs using a Pt0.7Fe0.3/G CE and TiO2 nanoparticles/G photoanode obtained a PCE of 10.13%.
Lewis acid mediated, mild C–H aminoalkylation of azoles via three component coupling
Authors: Emmert Marion H. , He Cyndi Qixin , Shah Akshay A. , Felten Stephanie
Published: February 2021

Lewis acid mediated activation enables mild, metal-free, and highly functional group tolerant C–H aminoalkylation of diverse azoles via three-component coupling.
An ultrasensitive colorimetric assay based on a multi-amplification strategy employing Pt/IrO2@SA@HRP nanoflowers for the detection of progesterone in saliva samples
Authors: Lu Minglei , He Qiyi , Zhong Yingying , Pan Junkang , Lao Zhiting , Lin Mingxia , Wang Tiantian , Cui Xiping , Ding Jinlong , Zhao Suqing
Published: February 2021

Progesterone (P4) belongs to a factor that affects stress response and is a potential carcinogen, and saliva levels are expected to be a standard measurement for clinical diagnosis.
Untapped toolbox of luminol based polymers
Authors: Geiselhart Christina M. , Barner-Kowollik Christopher , Mutlu Hatice
Published: February 2021

The present state of luminol based polymers is highlighted with the challenges and the respective strategies for the advancement of this versatile class of polymers.
Rhodium-catalyzed enone carbonyl directed C–H activation for the synthesis of indanones containing all-carbon quaternary centers
Authors: Lou Jiang , Han Wenjia , Liu Zhuqing , Xiao Jiaqi
Published: February 2021

Rhodium(iii)-catalyzed enone carbonyl directed C–H activation/annulation of α-aroyl ketene dithioacetals with diazo compounds has been realized for the synthesis of β-quaternary indanones.
Medium-resolution spectrum of the exoplanet HIP 65426 b
Authors: Petrus S. , Bonnefoy M. , Chauvin G. , Charnay B. , Marleau G.-D. , Gratton R. , Lagrange A.-M. , Rameau J. , Mordasini C. , Nowak M. , Delorme P. , Boccaletti A. , Carlotti A. , Houllé M. , Vigan A. , Allard F. , Desidera S. , D’Orazi V. , Hoeijmakers H. J. , Wyttenbach A. , Lavie B.
Published: February 2021

Medium-resolution integral-field spectrographs (IFS) coupled with adaptive-optics such as Keck/OSIRIS, VLT/MUSE, or SINFONI are appearing as a new avenue for enhancing the detection and characterization capabilities of young, gas giant exoplanets at large heliocentric distances (>5 au). We analyzed K-band VLT/SINFONI medium-resolution (Rλ ~5577) observations of the young giant exoplanet HIP 65426 b. Our dedicated IFS data analysis toolkit (TExTRIS) optimized the cube building, star registration, and allowed for the extraction of the planet spectrum. A Bayesian inference with the nested sampling algorithm coupled with the self-consistent forward atmospheric models BT-SETTL15 and Exo-REM using the ForMoSA tool yields Teff = 1560 ± 100 K, log(g) ≤ 4.40 dex, [M/H] = 0.05−0.22+0.24 dex, and an upper limit on the C/O (≤0.55). The object is also re-detected with the so-called “molecular mapping” technique. The technique yields consistent atmospheric parameters, but the loss of the planet pseudo-continuum in the process degrades or modifies the constraints on these parameters. The solar to sub-solar C/O ratio suggests an enrichment by solids at formation if the planet was formed beyond the water snowline (≥20 au) by core accretion (CA hereafter). However, a formation by gravitational instability (GI hereafter) cannot be ruled out. The metallicity is compatible with the bulk enrichment of massive Jovian planets from the Bern planet population models. Finally, we measure a radial velocity of 26 ± 15 km s−1 compatible with our revised measurement on the star. This is the fourth imaged exoplanet for which a radial velocity can be evaluated, illustrating the potential of such observations for assessing the coevolution of imaged systems belonging to star forming regions, such as HIP 65426.
Les dispositifs d’évaluation des parasportifs pratiquant des sports de petits terrains en fauteuil roulant manuel
Authors: Bakatchina Sadate , Weissland Thierry , Faupin Arnaud
Published: February 2021

Le but de cette revue de littérature narrative est d’identifier à travers les logiques internes de deux disciplines collectives paralympiques en fauteuil roulant manuel (FRM), l’apport et les limites des principaux dispositifs accessibles aux parasportifs en FRM. Dans le cadre de l’optimisation des performances, les parasportifs sont habituellement testés au laboratoire et/ou sur le terrain. Au laboratoire, les ergomètres à manivelles (EM), les ergomètres à rouleaux pour fauteuil (ERF) et le tapis roulant (TR) sont les plus utilisés. Les EMs ne permettent pas de simuler la gestuelle mécanique de la propulsion du FRM. Les ERFs permettent l’utilisation du FRM personnel mais, neutralisent les forces de résistance des roulettes du FRM. Le TR est plus réaliste mais neutralise les mouvements latéraux du FRM. La technologie embarquée est une évolution des outils de laboratoire. Ainsi, les roues instrumentées (RI) et des centrales inertielles (CI) sont adaptées pour les mesures en situations de terrain. Cependant, la masse des RI limite le comportement du FRM et les CI ne quantifient pas les forces développées sur les mains courantes. La simulation des forces exercées sur les mains courantes à partir des données des CI permettra en perspective le développement de capteurs de force miniaturisés.
Diastereoselective trans Cyclopropanation of 3-Alkylidene Oxindoles with In Situ Generated α-Diazo Carbonyls or α,β-Unsaturated Diazo Compounds
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Chhanda , Pramanik Sayan , Ray Suman , Maity Suvendu , Ghosh Prasanta
Published: February 2021

An efficient diastereoselective trans cyclopropanation of 3-alkylidene oxindoles with in situ generated α-diazo carbonyl compounds or α,β-unsaturated diazo compounds under metal-free conditions has been developed to synthesize 3-spirocyclopropyl-2-oxindole derivatives. The procedure is based on the 1,3-dipolar character of the corresponding diazo compounds under base-catalyzed conditions. The method has a wide substrate scope and uses easily available starting materials.
Giant hand osteolipoma: Case Report
Authors: Torres Echavarría María Eugenia , Fraga García Liber Joaquín , Machado Silveira María Victoria
Published: February 2021

Hand lipomas are rare in the hand, and they account for less than 1% of tumors. Osteolipoma is a rare variant of lipoma that is associated with bone metaplasia. It presents as a painless tumor that can cause symptoms when compressing adjacent structures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging study of choice. The treatment is surgical resection, with no recurrences being reported. We present the case of a patient with a giant subfascial hand osteolipoma, which, to the best of our knowledge has not yet been reported in the literature.
Infección de vías urinarias no complicada en mujeres
Authors: Becerra Ana María , Parra Daniel , Trujillo Carlos Gustavo , Azuero Julián , García Sandra , Daza Fabián , Plata Mauricio
Published: February 2021

La infección de vías urinarias (IVU) es una patología común, que afecta a gran parte de la población y que generalmente se resuelve con manejo antibiótico. Se compone de una amplia variedad de entidades clínicas que pueden variar desde una cistitis no complicada hasta un shock séptico de origen urinario. Los patógenos etiológicos de la IVU no complicada están ampliamente establecidos y se han mantenido de forma consistente a lo largo del tiempo, siendo la Escherichia coli el microorganismo más predominante. En la actualidad, la resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos es de gran preocupación y por esa razón, se busca optimizar la terapia antimicrobiana con el fin de disminuir la estancia hospitalaria, la severidad clínica de la infección y los costos a los sistemas de salud. La presente revisión, tiene como objetivo servir como guía para la correcta definición, clasificación, diagnóstico, tratamiento y prevención de la IVU no complicada.
Flujo vaginal y semen: La microbiota de las relaciones sexuales
Authors: Restrepo Arenas Valentina , Velásquez Rivera Valentina , Puerta Suárez Jenniffer , Cardona Maya Walter D.
Published: February 2021

Durante las relaciones sexuales, se da el intercambio de especies bacterianas entre las parejas, siendo las relaciones sexuales un factor crucial en la modificación de la microbiota genital. En el presente artículo de reflexión, se analizó el efecto de las relaciones sexuales sobre el intercambio de la microbiota vaginal y seminal. Las parejas que sostienen relaciones sexuales sin protección comparten especies bacterianas que podrían influir negativamente o positivamente sobre los parámetros seminales, como los Lactobacillus con potencial probiótico para el mantenimiento de la calidad del semen.
Estadificación clínica como factor pronóstico en cáncer de vejiga músculo-invasor
Authors: Orozco-López Ana Paola , Moreno-Mesa David , Saldarriaga-Botero Juan Pablo , García-Valencia Jenny
Published: February 2021

El cáncer de vejiga músculo invasor (CV-MI), requiere de una adecuada estadificación clínica y patológica, ya que eso determina las estrategias terapéuticas y el pronóstico de la enfermedad, caracterizada por una alta morbimortalidad. Este articulo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre la exactitud diagnóstica de las técnicas de imagen disponibles para la estadificación clínica de los pacientes con CV-MI y cómo se debería realizar el seguimiento radiológico en los pacientes llevados a cirugía. Para eso se realizó una búsqueda en la base de datos Pubmed de artículos en inglés y en español, se incluyeron artículos de revisión, metanálisis, guías clínicas, estudios retrospectivos y prospectivos de pronóstico y diagnóstico desde el año 1988 hasta el año 2020.
Skull Base Anatomy in Patients with Bilateral Choanal Atresia: A Radiographic Study
Authors: Pool Christopher , Slonimsky Einat , Nayak Roshan , Engle Lisa , Zhu Junjia , Wilson Meghan
Published: February 2021

Introduction The risk of skull base injury during choanal atresia repair can be mitigated via thorough understanding of skull base anatomy. There is a paucity of data describing differences in skull base anatomy between patients with coloboma, heart defects, atresia choanae, growth retardation, genital abnormalities, and ear abnormalities (CHARGE) syndrome and those without.

Objectives The aim of this study was to measure nasal and skull base anatomy in patients with isolated bilateral choanal atresia (BCA), CHARGE syndrome, and other syndromic congenital anomalies.

Methods Retrospective chart review of patients with bilateral choanal atresia and computed tomography of the face between 2001 and 2019 were evaluated. Choanal width, height, mid-nasal height, and skull base slope were measured radiographically. Differences in anatomy between healthy patients, those with CHARGE syndrome, and those with other congenital anomalies were compared.

Results Twenty-one patients with BCA and relevant imaging were identified: 7 with isolated BCA, 6 with CHARGE syndrome, and 8 with other congenital anomalies. A t-test indicated insignificant difference in skull base slope, choanal height, choanal width, or mid-nasal skull base height between isolate BCA cases and patients with any congenital anomaly. When comparing CHARGE to isolated BCA cases, mid-nasal height was shorter in CHARGE patients (p = 0.03). There were no differences in measurements between patients with congenital anomalies excluding CHARGE (p > 0.05). Two patients in the congenital anomaly group were found to have bony skull base defects preoperatively.

Conclusion This study represents the largest description of skull base and nasal anatomy in patients with CHARGE syndrome and BCA. Surgeons should be aware of the lower skull base in CHARGE patients to avoid inadvertent skull base injury.
Correlation between Children Respiratory Virus Infections and Climate Factors
Authors: Saadi Souhir , Kallala Ouafa , Fodha Imene , Jerbi Amira , BenHamida-Rebai Meriem , Ben Hadj Fredj Mouna , Ben Hamouda Hichem , Mathlouthi Jihen , Khlifa Monia , Boussofara Raoudha , Boussetta Khadija , Abroug Saoussen , Trabelsi Abdelhalim
Published: February 2021

Objective Respiratory viruses are the most important cause of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children. Meteorological factors can influence viral outbreaks. The objective of this study was to determine the association between climate variables and respiratory virus detection.

Methods Multicenter prospective 1-year surveillance was conducted among children hospitalized for LRTI in Tunisia. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested by direct immunofluorescence assay (DIFA) for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV); adenovirus (AdV); influenza virus (IFV) A and B; and parainfluenza virus 1, 2, and 3 (PIV1/2/3). Samples were further analyzed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction for the detection of human metapneumovirus (hMPV). Monthly meteorological data were determined by consulting the National Institute of Meteorology and the World Weather Online Meteorological Company websites. Pearson's correlation tests were used to determine the statistical association between the detection of respiratory viruses and climatic characteristics.

Results Among 572 patients, 243 (42.5%) were positive for at least one virus. The most frequently detected viruses by DIFA were RSV (30.0%), followed by IFVA (3.8%), IFVB (3.5%), PIV (0.9%), and AdV (0.9%). HMPV was detected in 13 RSV-negative samples (3.3%). Dual infections were detected in seven cases (1.2%). Monthly global respiratory viruses and RSV detections correlated significantly with temperature, rainfall, cloud cover, wind speed, wind temperature, and duration of sunshine. Monthly IFV detection significantly correlated with rainfall, wind speed, wind temperature, and duration of sunshine. HMPV detection significantly correlated with temperature and wind temperature.

Conclusion Respiratory viral outbreaks are clearly related to meteorological factors in Tunisia.
Effect of Household Income on Short-Term Outcomes Following Cerebellopontine Angle Tumor Resection
Authors: Huang Vincent , Miranda Stephen P. , Dimentberg Ryan , Shultz Kaitlyn , McClintock Scott D. , Malhotra Neil R.
Published: February 2021

Objectives The objective of this study is to elucidate the impact of income on short-term outcomes in a cerebellopontine angle (CPA) tumor resection population.

Design This is a retrospective regression analysis.

Setting This study was done at a single, multihospital, urban academic medical center.

Participants Over 6 years (from June 7, 2013, to April 24, 2019), 277 consecutive CPA tumor cases were reviewed.

Main Outcome Measures Outcomes studied included readmission, emergency department evaluation, unplanned return to surgery, return to surgery after index admission, and mortality. Univariate analysis was conducted among the entire population with significance set at a p-value <0.05. The population was divided into quartiles based on median household income and univariate analysis conducted between the lowest (quartile 1 [Q1]) and highest (quartile 4 [Q4]) socioeconomic quartiles, with significance set at a p-value <0.05. Stepwise regression was conducted to determine the correlations among study variables and to identify confounding factors.

Results Regression analysis of 273 patients demonstrated decreased rates of unplanned reoperation (p = 0.015) and reoperation after index admission (p = 0.035) at 30 days with higher standardized income. Logistic regression between the lowest (Q1) and highest (Q4) socioeconomic quartiles demonstrated decreased unplanned reoperation (p = 0.045) and decreasing but not significant reoperation after index admission (p = 0.15) for Q4 patients. No significant difference was observed for other metrics of morbidity and mortality.

Conclusion Higher socioeconomic status is associated with decreased risk of unplanned reoperation following CPA tumor resection.
Reducing ICU Length of Stay: The Impact of a Multidisciplinary Perioperative Pathway in Vestibular Schwannoma
Authors: Yawn Robert J. , Nassiri Ashley M. , Harris Jacqueline E. , Manzoor Nauman F. , Godil Saniya , Haynes David S. , Bennett Marc L. , Weaver Sheena M.
Published: February 2021

Objective This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of a multidisciplinary perioperative pathway on length of stay (LOS) and postoperative outcomes after vestibular schwannoma surgery.

Setting This study was conducted in a tertiary skull base center.

Main Outcome Measures The impact of the pathway on intensive care unit (ICU) LOS was evaluated as the primary outcome measure of the study. Overall resource LOS, postoperative complications, and readmission rates were also evaluated as secondary outcome measures.

Methods Present study is a retrospective review.

Results A universally adopted perioperative pathway was developed to include standardization of preoperative education and expectations, intraoperative anesthetic delivery, postoperative nursing education, postoperative rehabilitation, and utilization of stepdown and surgical floor units after ICU stay. Outcomes were measured for 95 consecutive adult patients who underwent surgical resection for vestibular schwannoma (40 cases before implementation of the perioperative pathway and 55 cases after implementation). There were no significant differences in the two groups with regard to tumor size, operative time, or medical comorbidities. The mean ICU LOS decreased from 2.1 in the preimplementation group to 1.6 days in the postimplementation group (p = 0.02). There were no significant differences in overall resource LOS postoperative complications or readmission rates between groups.

Conclusion Multidisciplinary, perioperative neurotologic pathways can be effective in lowering ICU LOS in patients undergoing vestibular schwannoma surgery without compromising quality of care. Further research is needed to continue to sustain and continuously improve these and other measures, while continuing to provide high-quality care to this patient population.
Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement: A Novel Anchor Technology
Authors: Liu Yazhou , Lutter Georg , Knueppel Philipp , Frank Derk , Lozonschi Lucian , Berndt Rouven , Attmann Tim , Puehler Thomas
Published: February 2021

Background Mitral valved stents tend to migrate or to develop paravalvular leakage due to high–left ventricular pressure in this cavity. Thus, this study describes a newly developed mitral valved stent anchoring technology.

Methods Based on an existing mitral valved stent, four anchoring units with curved surgical needles were designed and fabricated using three-dimensional (3D) software and print technology. Mitral nitinol stents assembled with four anchoring units were successively fixed on 10 porcine annuli. Mechanical tests were performed with a tensile force test system and recorded the tension forces of the 10 nitinol stents on the annulus.

Results The average maximum force was 28.3 ± 5.21 N, the lowest was 21.7 N, and the highest was 38.6 N until the stent lost contact with the annulus; for the break force (zero movement of stent from annulus), the average value was 18.5 ± 6.7 N with a maximum value of 26.9 N and a minimum value of 6.07 N. It was additionally observed that the puncture needles of the anchoring units passed into the mitral annulus in all 10 hearts and further penetrated the myocardium in only one additional heart. The anchoring units enhanced the tightness of the mitral valved stent and did not destroy the circumflex coronary artery, coronary sinus, right atrium, aortic root, or the left ventricular outflow tract.

Conclusion The new anchoring units for mitral nitinol stents were produced with 3D software and printing technology; with this new type of anchoring technology, the mitral valved stent can be tightly fixed toward the mitral annulus.
Global existence of strong solutions to the kinetic Cucker–Smale model coupled with the Stokes equations
Authors: Jin Chunyin
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we investigate existence of global-in-time strong solutions to the kinetic Cucker–Smale model coupled with the Stokes equations in the whole space. By introducing a weighted Sobolev space and using space–time estimates for the linear non-stationary Stokes equations, we present a complete analysis on the existence of global-in-time strong solutions to the coupled model without any smallness restrictions on initial data.
Ultrafast carrier and spin dynamics in GaMnAs across the Curie temperature
Authors: Jiang Yaohua , Ji Yanda , Li Ning , Guo Jia , Yuan Ye , Liang Weizheng , Yang Hao
Published: February 2021

The carrier and spin dynamics of the diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor GaMnAs are crucial to understanding its ferromagnetic nature, especially near the Curie temperature (TC). Herein, transient differential reflectivity measurements and the temporal evolution of Kerr rotation are shown using ultrafast optical spectroscopy at various temperatures. The energy and angular momentum transfer routes after femtosecond laser pumping are revealed. The hole dynamics consist of two processes: a fast process that arises from carrier recombination and a slow process caused by carrier–lattice interactions. The spin dynamics are determined from the spin–orbital coupling and spin–lattice interactions in the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases, respectively. Critical phenomena are observed from the competition between the hole-mediated ferromagnetic orders and thermal perturbations near TC. These experimental results provide deep insights into the ultrafast decay behavior in GaMnAs, which is regarded as one of the most promising spintronic materials.
Tip-induced domain protrusion in ferroelectric films with in-plane polarization
Authors: Kondovych S. , Gruverman A. , Luk’yanchuk I.
Published: February 2021

Charge manipulation and fabrication of stable domain patterns in ferroelectric materials by scanning probe microscopy open up broad avenues for the development of tunable electronics. Harnessing the polarization energy and electrostatic forces with specific geometry of the system enables producing the nanoscale domains by-design. Along with that, domain engineering requires mastery of underlying physical mechanisms that govern the domain formation. Here, we present a theoretical description of the domain formation by a scanning probe microscopy tip in a ferroelectric film with strong in-plane anisotropy of polarization. We demonstrate that local charge injection produces wedge-shaped domains that propagate along the anisotropy axis, whereas the tip-written lines of charge generate a comb-like domain structure. The results of our calculations agree with earlier experimental observations and allow for the optimization of the targeted domain structures.