bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Laissez circuler le monde entier!”:
enracinerrance
and the neoliberal eighties in Jean-Claude Charles’s
Manhattan Blues
Authors: Bonner Christopher T.
Published: November 2024

Building upon renewed critical interest in Haitian author Jean-Claude Charles, this article offers a different account of the political dimension of Charles’s writings. Most discussion of the latter focuses on broadly postmodern questions of nomadism, migration, and the refusal of fixed identities, and strong contrasts are drawn between Charles and the more directly militant, collectivist orientation of an earlier generation of Haitian literature. Through an analysis of Charles’s best-known novel,
Manhattan Blues
(1984), this article argues for a greater continuity with radical political traditions than has previously been acknowledged. It suggests that the novel offers a radical critique of specifically neoliberal capitalism in the period of its rise to hegemony, the 1980s. The main threads of the critique suggested in this article are: 1) making visible neoliberalism’s constraints upon the free circulation of people, especially in urban space; 2) charting the affects and structures of feeling that define this period of reaction; and 3) maintaining an attachment in the 1980s to the unfulfilled radical hopes of the 1960s.
Characterizing the Broadband Reflection Spectrum of MAXI J1803-298 during Its 2021 Outburst with NuSTAR and NICER
Authors: Adegoke Oluwashina K. , García Javier A. , Connors Riley M. T. , Ding Yuanze , Mastroserio Guglielmo , Steiner James F. , Ingram Adam , Harrison Fiona A. , Tomsick John A. , Kara Erin , Mehdipour Missagh , Fukumura Keigo , Stern Daniel , Ubach Santiago , Lucchini Matteo
Published: November 2024

MAXI J1803-298 is a transient black hole candidate discovered in 2021 May during an outburst that lasted several months. Multiple X-ray observations reveal recurring “dipping” intervals in several of its light curves, particularly during the hard/intermediate states, with a typical recurrence period of ∼7 hr. We report analysis of four NuSTAR observations of the source, supplemented with NICER data where available, over the duration of the outburst evolution covering the hard, intermediate, and the soft states. Reflection spectroscopy reveals the black hole to be rapidly spinning (a
* = 0.990 ± 0.001) with a near edge-on viewing angle (i = 70° ± 1°). Additionally, we show that the light-curve dips are caused by photoelectric absorption from a moderately ionized absorber whose origin is not fully understood, although it is likely linked to material from the companion star impacting the outer edges of the accretion disk. We further detect absorption lines in some of the spectra, potentially associated with Fe xxv and Fe xxvi, indicative of disk winds with moderate to extreme velocities. During the intermediate state and just before transitioning into the soft state, the source showed a sudden flux increase, which we found to be dominated by soft disk photons and consistent with the filling of the inner accretion disk, at the onset of state transition. In the soft state, we show that models of disk self-irradiation provide a better fit and a preferred explanation to the broadband reflection spectrum, consistent with previous studies of other accreting sources.
Neural Network Constraints on the Cosmic-Ray Ionization Rate and Other Physical Conditions in NGC 253 with ALCHEMI Measurements of HCN and HNC
Authors: Behrens Erica , Mangum Jeffrey G. , Viti Serena , Holdship Jonathan , Huang Ko-Yun , Bouvier Mathilde , Butterworth Joshua , Eibensteiner Cosima , Harada Nanase , Martín Sergio , Sakamoto Kazushi , Muller Sebastien , Tanaka Kunihiko , Colzi Laura , Henkel Christian , Meier David S. , Rivilla Víctor M. , van der Werf Paul P. ,   ALMA Comprehensive High-resolution Extragalactic Molecular Inventory (ALCHEMI) collaboration
Published: November 2024

We use a neural network model and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of HCN and HNC to constrain the physical conditions, most notably the cosmic-ray ionization rate (CRIR, ζ), in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the starburst galaxy NGC 253. Using output from the chemical code UCLCHEM, we train a neural network model to emulate UCLCHEM and derive HCN and HNC molecular abundances from a given set of physical conditions. We combine the neural network with radiative transfer modeling to generate modeled integrated intensities, which we compare to measurements of HCN and HNC from the ALMA Large Program ALCHEMI. Using a Bayesian nested sampling framework, we constrain the CRIR, molecular gas volume and column densities, kinetic temperature, and beam-filling factor across NGC 253's CMZ. The neural network model successfully recovers UCLCHEM molecular abundances with ∼3% error and, when used with our Bayesian inference algorithm, increases the parameter-inference speed tenfold. We create images of these physical parameters across NGC 253's CMZ at 50 pc resolution and find that the CRIR, in addition to the other gas parameters, is spatially variable with ζ ∼ a few ×10−14 s−1 at r ≳ 100 pc from the nucleus, increasing to ζ > 10−13 s−1 at its center. These inferred CRIRs are consistent within 1 dex with theoretical predictions based on nonthermal emission. Additionally, the high CRIRs estimated in NGC 253's CMZ can be explained by the large number of cosmic-ray-producing sources as well as a potential suppression of cosmic-ray diffusion near their injection sites.
Turbulent Pressure Heats Gas and Suppresses Star Formation in Galactic Bar Molecular Clouds
Authors: Nilipour Andy , Ott Juergen , Meier David S. , Svoboda Brian , Sormani Mattia C. , Ginsburg Adam , Gramze Savannah R. , Butterfield Natalie O. , Klessen Ralf S.
Published: November 2024

The Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Milky Way is fed by gas inflows from the Galactic disk along almost radial trajectories aligned with the major axis of the Galactic bar. However, despite being fundamental to all processes in the nucleus of the Galaxy, these inflows have been studied significantly less than the CMZ itself. We present observations of various molecular lines between 215 and 230 GHz for 20 clouds with ∣ℓ∣ < 10°, which are candidates for clouds in the Galactic bar due to their warm temperatures and broad lines relative to typical Galactic disk clouds, using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Atacama Compact Array. We measure gas temperatures, shocks, star formation rates, turbulent Mach numbers, and masses for these clouds. Although some clouds may be in the Galactic disk despite their atypical properties, nine clouds are likely associated with regions in the Galactic bar, and in these clouds, turbulent pressure is suppressing star formation. In clouds with no detected star formation, turbulence is the dominant heating mechanism, whereas photoelectric processes heat the star-forming clouds. We find that the ammonia (NH3) and formaldehyde (H2CO) temperatures probe different gas components, and in general, each transition appears to trace different molecular gas phases within the clouds. We also measure the CO-to-H2 X-factor in the bar to be an order of magnitude lower than the typical Galactic value. These observations provide evidence that molecular clouds achieve CMZ-like properties before reaching the CMZ.
BD+44°493: Chemo-dynamical Analysis and Constraints on Companion Planetary Masses from WIYN/NEID Spectroscopy*
Authors: Placco Vinicius M. , Gupta Arvind F. , Almeida-Fernandes Felipe , Logsdon Sarah E. , Rajagopal Jayadev , Holmbeck Erika M. , Roederer Ian U. , Della Costa John , Fernandez Pipa , Golub Eli , Higuera Jesus , Patel Yatrik , Ridgway Susan , Schweiker Heidi
Published: November 2024

In this work, we present high-resolution (R ∼ 100,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ∼ 800) spectroscopic observations for the well-known, bright, extremely metal-poor, carbon-enhanced star BD+44°493. We determined chemical abundances and upper limits for 17 elements from WIYN/NEID data, complemented with 11 abundances redetermined from Subaru and Hubble data, using the new, more accurate, stellar atmospheric parameters calculated in this work. Our analysis suggests that BD+44°493 is a low-mass (0.83 M
⊙), old (12.1–13.2 Gyr) second-generation star likely formed from a gas cloud enriched by a single metal-free 20.5 M
⊙ Population III star in the early Universe. With a disk-like orbit, BD+44°493 does not appear to be associated with any major merger event in the early history of the Milky Way. From the precision radial-velocity NEID measurements (median absolute deviation = 16 m s−1), we were able to constrain companion planetary masses around BD+44°493 and rule out the presence of planets as small as

m
sin
i
=
2

M
J out to periods of 100 days. This study opens a new avenue of exploration for the intersection between stellar archaeology and exoplanet science using NEID.
GOALS-JWST: The Warm Molecular Outflows of the Merging Starburst Galaxy NGC 3256
Authors: Bohn Thomas , Inami Hanae , Togi Aditya , Armus Lee , Lai Thomas S.-Y. , Barcos-Munoz Loreto , Song Yiqing , Linden S. T. , Surace Jason , Bianchin Marina , U Vivian , Evans Aaron S. , Böker Torsten , Malkan Matthew A. , Larson Kirsten L. , Stierwalt Sabrina , Buiten Victorine A. , Charmandaris Vassilis , Diaz-Santos Tanio , Howell Justin H. , Privon George C. , Ricci Claudio , van der Werf Paul P. , Aalto Susanne , Hayward Christopher C. , Kader Justin A. , Mazzarella Joseph M. , Muller-Sanchez Francisco , Sanders David B.
Published: November 2024

We present James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) integral-field spectrograph observations of NGC 3256, a local infrared-luminous late-stage merging system with two nuclei roughly 1 kpc apart, both of which have evidence of cold molecular outflows. Using JWST/NIRSpec and Mid-Infrared Instrument data sets, we investigate this morphologically complex system on spatial scales of <100 pc, where we focus on the warm molecular H2 gas surrounding the nuclei. We detect collimated outflowing warm H2 gas originating from the southern nucleus, though we do not find significant outflowing H2 gas surrounding the northern nucleus. We measure maximum intrinsic outflow velocities of ∼1000 km s−1, which extend out to a distance of 0.7 kpc. Based on H2 S(7)/S(1) ratios, we find a larger fraction of warmer gas near the southern nucleus, which decreases with increasing distance from the nucleus, signifying the southern nucleus as a primary source of H2 heating. The gas mass of the warm H2 outflow component is estimated to be M
warm
,out = (1.4 ± 0.2) × 106
M
⊙, as much as 6% of the cold H2 mass estimated using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO data. The outflow timescale is about 7 × 105 yr, resulting in a mass outflow rate

M
̇

warm
,
out

=
2.0
±
0.8

M
⊙

yr

−
1

and kinetic power P
warm,out ∼ 4 × 1041 erg s−1. Lastly, regions within our 3.″0 × 3.″0 NIRSpec data, where the outflowing gas reside show high [Fe ii]/Paβ and H2/Brγ line ratios, indicate enhanced mechanical heating caused by the outflows. The fluxes and ratios of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in these regions are not significantly different compared to those elsewhere in the disk, suggesting the outflows may not significantly alter the PAH ionization state or grain size.
Constraints on Common Envelope Ejection from Double Helium White Dwarfs
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Li Zhenwei , Chen Xuefei , Han Zhanwen
Published: November 2024

Double helium white dwarfs (He WDs) are a type of gravitational wave source and are greatly important in studies of binary interaction, particularly in common envelope (CE) ejection physics. Most double He WDs with mass ratios of q ∼ 1 are formed through a particular channel. In this channel, one He WD is initially produced from a red giant (RG) with a degenerate core via stable Roche lobe overflow, and another He WD is formed from an RG with a degenerate core via CE ejection. They may have significant implications for binary evolution processes but have not received specific studies, especially for the CE phase. This paper adopts a semianalytic method and a detailed stellar evolution simulation to model the formation of double He WDs. We find that most double He WDs show mass ratios slightly greater than 1, and their orbital period–mass ratio relations are broadly consistent with observations. There is also a relation between the mass ratios and progenitor masses of the He WDs produced via CE ejection for double He WDs with determined WD masses. Based on this relation, the mass of the He WD progenitor can be inferred from the mass ratio. Then, the CE ejection efficiency can be constrained with the orbital period. In addition, we constrain the CE ejection efficiency for two double He WDs, J1005-2249 and WD0957-666. The results show that the CE ejection efficiencies increase with the WD progenitor masses.
Multiwavelength Emission from Jets and Magnetically Arrested Disks in Nearby Radio Galaxies: Application to M87
Authors: Kuze Riku , Kimura Shigeo S. , Toma Kenji
Published: November 2024

Radio galaxies are a subclass of active galactic nuclei that drive relativistic jets from their center and are observed in radio to very-high-energy gamma rays. The emission mechanisms and regions are still unknown. High-energy gamma rays can be explained by the emission from the magnetically arrested disks (MADs) around the central supermassive black hole (BH), for which the magnetic flux threading the BH is in a saturation level, although the emission from the MADs does not explain the optical and X-ray data. We construct a two-zone multiwavelength emission model in which optical and X-rays come from jets, while millimeter/submillimeter and gamma rays come from MADs. Our model takes into account the particle injection by the magnetic reconnection at the jet base close to the BH and particle entrainment from the ambient gas at the jet emission zone. We apply our model to M87 and find that our model can explain the simultaneous multiwavelength data, except for the radio data, which could be explained if we extend our one-zone emission model to a one-dimensional one. We also find that the strong plasma entrainment is necessary to explain the multiwavelength data. Our model will be tested by variability analysis among the multiwavelength data.
Water Enrichment from Pebble Drift in Disks with Gap-forming Planets
Authors: Easterwood Whittney , Kalyaan Anusha , Banzatti Andrea
Published: November 2024

Volatiles like H2O are present as ice in solids in the cold outer regions of protoplanetary disks and as vapor in the warm inner regions within the water snow line. Icy pebbles drifting inwards from the outer disk sublimate after crossing the snow line, enriching the inner disk with solid mass and water vapor. Meanwhile, protoplanets forming within the disk open gaps in the disk gas, creating traps against the inward drift of pebbles and in turn reducing water enrichment in the inner disk. Recent disk observations from millimeter interferometry and infrared spectroscopy have supported this broad picture by finding a correlation between the outer radial distribution of pebbles and the properties of inner water vapor spectra. In this work, we aim at further informing previous and future observations by building on previous models to explore pebble drift in disks with multiple gaps. We systematically explore multiple gap locations and their depths (equivalent to the specific masses of planets forming within), and different particle sizes to study their impact on inner disk water enrichment. We find that the presence of close-in deep gaps carved by a Jupiter-mass planet is likely crucial for blocking icy pebble delivery into the inner disk, while planets with lower masses only provide leaky traps. We also find that disks with multiple gaps show lower vapor enrichment in the inner disk. Altogether, these model results support the idea that inner disk water delivery and planet formation are regulated by the mass and location of the most massive planets.
Mass Function of Stellar Black Holes as Revealed by the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA Observations
Authors: Dong Xiao-Fei , Huang Yong-Feng , Zhang Zhi-Bin , Li Xiu-Juan , Zou Ze-Cheng , Hu Chen-Ran , Deng Chen , Liu Yang
Published: November 2024

Ninety gravitational-wave events have been detected by the LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA network and are released in the Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog. Among these events, 83 cases are definitely binary black hole mergers, since the masses of all the objects involved significantly exceed the upper limit of neutron stars. The black holes in these merger events naturally form two interesting samples, a premerger sample that includes all the black holes before the mergers and a postmerger sample that consists of the black holes generated during the merging processes. The former represents black holes that once existed in the Universe, while the latter represents newly born black holes. Here we present a statistical analysis of these two samples. The nonparametric τ statistic method is adopted to correct for the observational selection effect. The Lynden-Bell C
− method is further applied to derive the mass distribution and density function of black holes. It is found that the mass distribution can be expressed as a broken power-law function. More interestingly, the power-law index in the high-mass region is comparable for the two samples. The number density of black holes is found to depend on redshift as ρ(z) ∝ z
−2.06—z
−2.12 based on the two samples. The implications of these findings on the origin of black holes are discussed.
Estimating the Masses of Supercluster-scale Filaments from Redshift Dispersions
Authors: Crone Odekon Mary , Viscardi Trevor W. , Rabinowitz Jake , Young Brandon
Published: November 2024

We present a strategy for estimating the mass per unit length along supercluster-scale filaments that are oriented across the sky, based on mock redshift surveys of 264 filaments from the Millennium simulation. In our fiducial scenario, we place each simulated filament at a distance of 300 Mpc, perpendicular to the line of sight, and calculate the redshift dispersion using galaxies with magnitudes r < 19.5. Some regions are dynamically complicated in ways that interfere with finding a simple relationship between dispersion σ and linear mass density μ. However, by examining individual overlapping segments along the filaments, we find a relationship that allows us to successfully predict

log
μ

from

log
σ

with a scatter of about ±0.20 dex, for ∼70% of the regions along filaments. This relationship is robust to changes in the distance to the filament if the physical segment length and the absolute magnitude for galaxy selection are held constant. The relationship between redshift dispersion and mass is similar to that obtained for a simple analytical model where filaments are dynamically relaxed, and we examine the possibility that the galaxies are indeed relaxed within the gravitational potential of the filament. We find that this is not the case; galaxy dynamics are strongly affected by infall to the filament and by orbits within groups and clusters.
Evidence for a Close-in Tertiary Orbiting around the Algol-type System HZ Dra with Tidal Splitting and Spots Activities
Authors: Li Ping , Liao Wen-Ping , Qian Sheng-Bang , Li Lin-Jia , Sun Qi-Bin , Shi Xiang-Dong , Matekov Azizbek , Zeng Qi-Huan , Deng Zhao-Long , Fang Xiao-Hui
Published: November 2024

We report a cyclic variation of the O − C diagram with a semiamplitude of 0.0033 days and a period of 1.05 yr for the pulsating eclipsing binary HZ Dra. The cyclic variation can be explained by the light travel-time effect via the presence of a close-in third body orbiting around HZ Dra in an elliptical orbit with a maximum semimajor axis of 0.89 au. Based on the Wilson–Devinney code, the contribution of the third light to the total system is determined to be 29.0%, which is in agreement with the estimated value. Our light-curve modeling indicates an evolving hot and cool spot on the surface of the primary and secondary components, respectively. Their positions are roughly symmetrical to the inner Lagrangian point L1, which could be used to explain the variation in the O'Connell effect. Our frequency analysis detects one radial p-mode, seven nonradial p-modes, and one nonradial g-mode. In addition, a total of six multiplets are identified, spaced by the orbital frequency, which can be explained as a tidally split mode caused by the equilibrium tides of the close binary system with a circular orbit. These pulsating features suggest that the primary of HZ Dra is a δ Scuti star, pulsating in both p- and g-mode and influenced by tidal forces.
Absolute Dimensions of the Interferometric Binary HD 174881: A Test of Stellar Evolution Models for Evolved Stars
Authors: Torres Guillermo , Boden Andrew F. , Monnier John D. , van Belle Gerard T.
Published: December 2024

We report high-resolution spectroscopic monitoring and long-baseline interferometric observations with the Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) of the 215 day binary system HD 174881 (K1 II-III), composed of two giant stars. The system is spatially resolved with the PTI, as well as in archival measurements with the CHARA Array. Our analysis of these observations, along with an analysis of the spectral energy distribution, have allowed us to infer accurate values for the absolute masses (

3.367

−
0.041

+
0.045

and

3.476

−
0.043

+
0.043

M

☉

), radii (34.0 ± 1.3 and 22.7 ± 1.8 R
☉), effective temperatures (4620 ± 100 and 4880 ± 150 K), and bolometric luminosities of both components, as well as other properties including the orbital parallax (distance). These provide valuable tests of stellar evolution models for evolved stars, which are still relatively uncommon compared to the situation for main-sequence stars. We find generally good agreement of all of these properties of HD 174881 with two sets of recent models (MIST and PARSEC) at compositions near solar, for ages of 255–273 Myr. We also find evidence of an infrared excess, based largely on the flux measurements from IRAS at 60 and 100 μm.
Neutrino Detection Rates from Lepto-hadronic Model Simulations of Bright Blazar Flares
Authors: Robinson Joshua , Böttcher Markus
Published: December 2024

There is mounting evidence that blazars are the sources of part of the very-high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux detected by IceCube. In particular, there have been several spatial and temporal coincidences of individual IceCube neutrino events with flaring blazars, the most prominent of them being IceCube-170922A, coincident with a multiwavelength flare of TXS 0506+056. Motivated by this, we used the time-dependent lepto-hadronic code OneHaLe to model the spectral energy distributions and light curves of a sample of bright γ-ray flares of blazars detected by Fermi-Large Area Telescope, for which Kreter et al. provided calorimetric estimates of the expected neutrino detection rates. Flares were modeled with temporal changes of the proton injection spectra. Our analysis shows that the calorimetric approach overestimates the increase in neutrino production by a factor of typically ∼10 if the γ-ray emission is dominated by proton-synchrotron radiation.
Astrophysical Properties of the Sirius Binary System Modeled with MESA
Authors: Khan Momin Y. , Castanheira Barbara G.
Published: December 2024

Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky and, despite its proximity, this binary system still imposes intriguing questions about its current characteristics and past evolution. H. E. Bond et al. published decades of astronometric measurements of the Sirius system, determining the dynamical masses for Sirius A and B, and the orbital period. We have used these determinations, combined with photometric determinations for luminosity and spectroscopic determinations of effective temperature (T
eff) and metallicity, to model the evolution of the Sirius system using Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics. We have constructed a model grid calculated especially for this system and were able to obtain, for Sirius B, a progenitor mass of 6.0 ± 0.6 M
⊙, yielding a white dwarf mass of 1.015 ± 0.189 M
⊙. Our best determination for the age of the system is 203.6 ± 45 Myr with a metallicity of 0.0124. We have compared our best-fit models with the ones computed using TYCHO, YREC, and PARSEC, establishing external uncertainties. Our results are consistent with the observations and support a noninteracting past.
Family Care Intervention Effect on the Family Support Needs of Residents in Nursing Homes: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Zhao Mingli , Wang Xue , Zhuo Yijia , Dai Shuangshuang , Zhao Wenya , Salvador Jordan Tovera , Feng Siyuan
Published: December 2024

Purpose

To assess the impact of a home care intervention on the family support needs of nursing home residents through a group clinical trial and blinded outcome assessment.

Method

A cluster randomized trial was conducted at two nursing homes in Zhengzhou. Each nursing home was randomized to either the intervention or control group. Eighty-two residents were enrolled in the study. Intervention group participants (
n
= 41) received a family support intervention, and those in the control group (
n
= 41) received the institution's standard daily care routine. The Questionnaire of Family Support Needs; Perceived Social Support Scale; and Family Adaptation, Partnership, Growth, Affection, Resolve Index were used to assess post-intervention outcomes.

Results

There were no significant differences between groups regarding baseline data. There were statistically significant (
p
< 0.05) within-subject, between-subject, and interaction effects for both groups regarding family support needs, perceived social support, and family functioning.

Conclusion

Findings contribute to strengthening the care of residents in nursing homes, indicating the importance of family support, which can positively influence perceived social support and family function. The long-term efficacy of the intervention should be further verified. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 51
(2), 24–31.]
Satisfacción laboral en bibliotecas de universidades públicas: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Maestro-Galán Jose , Frías José Antonio
Published: November 2024

La satisfacción laboral ha sido ampliamente estudiada y, sin embargo, en el ámbito bibliotecario estas investigaciones se han desarrollado menos que en otros ámbitos laborales y su evaluación es vital para la consecución de los objetivos en las instituciones bibliotecarias. El presente trabajo consiste en una revisión sistemática de bibliografía sobre la satisfacción laboral en bibliotecas de universidades públicas. Se ha empleado el método PRISMA 2020 para asegurar la transparencia y replicabilidad del proceso de revisión. Tras la aplicación de los criterios de exclusión e inclusión, veintiún artículos fueron seleccionados para su análisis. Los resultados muestran disparidad entre las puntuaciones en satisfacción laboral, preferencia por cuestionarios diseñados ad hoc para cada investigación y relacionan la satisfacción con diferentes constructos esenciales para el desarrollo de la actividad bibliotecaria.
Cultiver, migrer, investir
Authors: Toulmin Camilla
Published: November 2024

Comment la vie quotidienne a-t-elle évolué au cours des dernières décennies dans les villages sahéliens ? Comment font-ils face à la pression foncière, aux incertitudes permanentes liées aux changements climatiques, démographiques, politiques, et aujourd’hui à l’insécurité croissante ?Cet ouvrage dresse le portrait fin et nuancé du village de Dlonguébougou, dans le centre du Mali, entre 1980 et aujourd’hui. Analysant les grandes dimensions de la vie quotidienne et de l’économie locale – l’agriculture, la terre, l’organisation familiale, l’investissement, les migrations –, il donne à voir l’ampleur des changements vécus par les habitants, et leur impressionnante capacité d’adaptation : la recherche de nouveaux revenus et les migrations vers les villes ont permis d’éviter l’appauvrissement et même d’améliorer quelque peu les conditions de vie.Illustré de nombreuses photos et ponctué de témoignages, au plus proche des réalités et du vécu des habitants, cet ouvrage apporte un éclairage documenté, original et précieux sur le Sahel contemporain et sur ceux qui y vivent.
Définir la noblesse
Authors: Pollet Camille
Published: November 2024

Dans les sociétés européennes du xviie siècle, sauf exceptions, les gens naissaient et demeuraient inégaux en droits. La noblesse représentait un statut largement convoité, mais sa définition faisait l’objet de controverses incessantes, exprimées par des livres publiés par centaines : les traités nobiliaires. Qui était noble et qui ne l’était pas ? Comment justifier cette distinction fondamentale ? Comment définir la noblesse des femmes ? Pouvait-on devenir noble ? Que signifiait la rhétorique du « sang » et de l’« occulte semence » ? C’est sur ces problèmes sociaux que s’écharpaient les théoriciens dans l’Espagne des derniers Habsbourg, dans l’Angleterre des Stuarts et de la guerre civile, ainsi que dans la France d’Henri IV, de Louis XIII et de Louis XIV.Ce livre met en lumière les auteurs, les traducteurs et les libraires impliqués dans la production des traités nobiliaires, ainsi que leurs lecteurs. Il propose un regard comparatif sur les théoriciens et les traités anglais, français et espagnols. En analysant les interactions entre média et société, et en envisageant l’écriture et la publication comme des actions, cette enquête interroge l’intensité, la permanence et les enjeux de ces luttes de définition de l’ordre social.
L’écopoésie ou la nature en écho dans l’inspiration poétique de Charles Nokan
Authors: Diama K’Monti Jessé
Published: November 2024

Cette étude a pour point d’ancrage la notion d’écopoésie qui s’inscrit dans la problématique générale de l’écologie. Perçue, moins comme une simple représentation littéraire de la nature, mais comme l’art d’éprouver la présence de celle-ci, ce concept fait du poète un écologiste averti qui œuvre pour défendre la nature en péril et sensibiliser l’humain à sa protection. Dans ce sens, la lecture stylistique de L’Être, le désêtre et le non-être (2000) et Yah et Môni (2014) de Charles Nokan, montre que le langage poétique est un écho de la nature à travers l’édification de tout un écosystème linguistique. En mobilisant le rythme, l’image, l’allégorie et l’anthropomorphisation, le poète révèle que la nature fait vibrer ses sens. Aussi propose-t-il un imaginaire pour réinventer ce monde.
Écriture et histoire : Derrida lecteur de L’origine de la géométrie
Authors: Terzi Roberto
Published: November 2024

Dans cet article nous examinons la lecture que Derrida donne de l’origine de la géométrie de Husserl dans son Introduction de 1962, en nous concentrant notamment sur le thème de l’écriture dans son lien avec l’histoire. Après avoir rappelé son contexte, nous nous arrêtons, dans un premier moment, sur l’analyse que Derrida fait de l’écriture dans la section VII de l’Introduction et sur ses conséquences philosophiques plus générales, en tenant déjà compte du parcours suivant de Derrida. Nous opérons ensuite une confrontation entre l’analyse derridienne et la façon dont la question de l’écriture intervient dans les Notes de cours sur l’origine de la géométrie de Merleau-Ponty, pour montrer la spécificité des deux approches et leurs implications. Nous nous tournons enfin vers la question de l’« écriture générale » telle qu’elle est formulée dans les textes ultérieurs de Derrida, pour essayer de mettre en lumière, dans une interprétation plus libre, de quelle façon on peut la relier à la problématique originairement phénoménologique de la Stiftung.
La pensée de la voix de Foucault
Authors: Christoffel David
Published: November 2024

Par la restitution du processus de composition de la pièce La Voix de Foucault (produite dans le cadre du festival ManiFeste 2014), l’auteur et compositeur cherche à approfondir le lien entre les plis vocaux du philosophe et ce qu’ils actualisent des enjeux de sa pensée. Au lieu d’être une extension du corpus écrit, les archives sonores de Foucault deviennent un terrain de jeu d’élaboration et d’interrogation du lien entre projection de la parole et production de la pensée.
Hantologie de l’archive : le Dark Ambient et la sonographie du désastre
Authors: Bégin Richard
Published: November 2024

Cet article tente d’expliquer en quoi les archives sonores ont le pouvoir de produire une atmosphère hantée par la ruine, la désorientation et l’épuisement. Prenant pour objet d’analyse des œuvres appartenant au genre Dark Ambient, le propos de cet article prolonge les recherches sur l’aisthétique et l’atmosphère telles qu’elles sont menées entre autres par Gernot Böhne, et s’inscrit dans un projet de recherche-création qui vise l’établissement d’une sonographie du désastre. Le présent article aborde la question de l’archive sonore par la voie de leur phénoménologie et propose d’étudier, à partir de celle-ci, de quelle manière il est possible, par la création musicale, d’en dégager une ambiance chargée d’affect. Nous chercherons à déduire de cette étude que l’usage des archives au sein du Dark Ambient consiste moins à représenter la mémoire à l’œuvre qu’à instaurer un Medium (un milieu de perception) par lequel se perçoit l’effondrement du monde contemporain.
AN APPROACH FOR IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY AND STEGANALYSIS USING REGRESSIVE STUDENT PSYCHOLOGY OPTIMIZATION-ENABLED DEEP MAX-OUT NETWORK
Authors: Vijitha G , Sargunam B.
Published: November 2024

The art of identifying steganographic traces from digital media images is termed steganalysis. The secret message embedded into the digital media files may be text, audio, video, or in the form of an image. The detection of secret hidden information from the images is carried out using Image steganalysis. The detection and extraction of existing hidden secret messages from the original image are difficult. Hence, an optimization-based deep learning model for detecting hidden information is designed here. In this research, the designed CAViaR Student Psychology-based Optimization-Deep Maxout Network (CSPBO-DMN) technique is used for recovery of the original image through steganography and steganalysis. The bit map image is generated from the cover image and the hidden secret message is XOR-ed with a key. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based embedding, Least-significant bit (LSB)-based embedding and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT)-based embedding techniques are the XOR-ed and bit map image output. Later, using the DMN classifier, the secret message is detected from the bit map image, which is trained using the CSPBO technique. The experimental outcomes proved that the CSPBO-DMN approach attained higher performance with a Peak-Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Bit Error Ratio (BER), computational complexity and memory usage of 35.275 dB, 5.658, 1.225 and 0.017, respectively.
SPEECH EMOTION RECOGNITION USING COMBINED TRIPLET AND SINGLE-HEADED ATTENTION-ENABLED INTEGRATED RECURRENT NETWORK
Authors: Rajput Vaishali , Musale Vinayak , Mohite Sagar , Amune Amruta , Jadhav Swati
Published: November 2024

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) stands as a crucial field within Human–Computer Interaction (HCI), drawing significant attention from researchers because of its broad applications. The ability to recognize emotions conveyed through speech is essential for effective two-way communication, making it a pivotal aspect in various domains. Several existing researches have addressed certain drawbacks such as dataset issues, lack of computational efficiency, interpretability, and so on. To overcome the issues and to perform the efficient SER, a combined Triplet and Single-headed Attention-enabled Recurrent Long Gated Network (TriSiH-RLG2) model is proposed in the research, which is designed through the integration of triplet attention, single-headed attention, and recurrent networks that includes Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-term Memory (LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), which eliminates the drawbacks of each model and enhances the overall efficacy of the research. Further to elevate the accuracy of the research, the Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) is utilized as the classifier that performs the efficient SER through the ensemble learning approach. The contributed TriSiH attention is the incorporation of the two standard attention mechanisms, which act as the spotlight to highlight the relevant features from the input, thus making the research model highly proficient. The experimentation is done using RAVDESS emotional speech dataset and the performance of the provided model is revealed through metrics such as Precision, Recall, Accuracy, and [Formula: see text]1-score that achieve 94.338%, 98.344%, 96.875%, and 96.299%, respectively.
Shaping a Sustainable Future
Authors: Kumar Pawan , Gokhale Nilesh P. , Sharma Preeti
Published: December 2024

This research critically explores multifactorial dynamics influencing the adoption of circular economy practices, with a particular focus on the roles of consumer trust, environmental awareness, perceived value, product accessibility, and the moderating effects of government policies. Employing a robust structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) framework, the study elucidates the intricate interdependence between these constructs, revealing that consumer trust serves as the most significant driver of circular economy adoption. The results indicate that while consumer awareness and perceived value contribute to the adoption process, their effects are significantly amplified when complemented by trust and governmental interventions. Government policies, though not directly impactful, act as pivotal moderators, enhancing the accessibility and perceived legitimacy of circular products. The findings underscore the necessity for businesses and policymakers to collaboratively address logistical challenges and reinforce consumer confidence
AI-Driven Innovations for Enabling a Circular Economy
Authors: Singh Amandeep
Published: December 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with circular economic principles has emerged as a revolutionary pathway toward enhancing resource efficiency and promoting sustainable practices. This chapter explores AI-driven innovations that facilitate the transition from traditional linear models to a circular economy. Through advanced predictive analytics, smart manufacturing, and optimized supply chains, AI enables real-time decision-making that minimizes waste, enhances resource recovery, and fosters sustainable production systems. Utilizing machine learning, big data, and AI-enabled automation, industries are transforming product lifecycle management, material recycling, and energy consumption optimization. The chapter presents key case studies and empirical data demonstrating the efficacy of AI in achieving circularity across industries, from manufacturing to energy sectors.
A Conceptual Framework in Understanding the Role of Circular Economy in Supporting Sustainable Innovation in Third World Nations
Authors: Reepu  , Taneja Sanjay , Ozen Ercan
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The changing environment has compelled me to make a compulsive shift from a linear economy into a circular economy. The research focused on using technology to create ways to decrease resource usage, consumption and trash recycling for long-term sustainability. Methods: This research has used only qualitative research; the study involves understanding the impact on applications of innovative tools and other aspects in achieving sustainable innovation in third-world economies. Findings: It has been regarded as effective in helping the leading world economies respond to the ever-increasing pressure to use natural resources. This type of innovation focuses on adding value with the core aspect of using the resources effectively. Share the resources to build an effective economic generation and system. Implications: This research aims to provide critical input and opportunities for using a circular economy to enhance sustainable innovation.
Breaking the Ice
Authors: Switaj Gabriella
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the challenges and achievements of navigating the male-dominated world of hockey operations as a woman, specifically from the perspective of an NHL scout. It addresses systemic barriers, gendered stereotypes, and the lack of mentorship that women often face. The chapter highlights the critical role of networking and perseverance in an industry where opportunities are usually limited by existing connections. It also discusses the isolation felt by women in hockey operations, the struggle with imposter syndrome, and the constant pressure to prove oneself. Despite these challenges, the chapter illustrates the rewards of breaking into the industry, from gaining experience through internships to contributing to a team's success. Ultimately, it advocates for increased opportunities and mentorship for women in hockey, promoting a future where talent and hard work, rather than gender, determine success.
Navigating the Labyrinth
Authors: Eswaran Ushaa , Eswaran Vivek , Murali Keerthna , Eswaran Vishal
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the experiences of transgender and non-binary individuals in leadership roles, highlighting the unique challenges they face and the strengths they bring to their positions. Through personal narratives of three leaders - Alex (non-binary), Samantha (transgender woman), and Kai (transgender man of color) - the study examines issues of workplace discrimination, the importance of inclusive policies, and the value of diverse leadership. The research integrates these stories with current literature on LGBTQ+ workplace experiences, intersectionality, and the benefits of gender diversity in leadership. The chapter concludes with strategies for organizations to create more inclusive environments and foster pathways to leadership for trans and non-binary individuals.
Understanding Organizational Culture
Authors: Nacrelli Tina
Published: November 2024

This chapter explores the multifaceted nature of organizational culture, breaking it down into foundational and manifest components. It addresses how culture is defined, its pervasive impact on organizations, and the critical need for businesses to adapt to demographic shifts and evolving workforce expectations. The chapter examines the structural elements that form the foundational culture, such as policies and benefits, and how these create the framework within which the manifest culture—the behaviors and interactions of employees—operates. By analyzing the interconnectedness of these cultural layers, the authors provide insights into creating inclusive, supportive environments that enhance employee engagement, retention, and organizational success. Practical strategies for effecting cultural change, supported by data and examples, are discussed to help organizations navigate the complexities of building a positive, future-ready culture.
Safeguarding Journeys
Authors: Sumathi A. , SanthoshKumar S.
Published: December 2024

Drowsy driving is the combination of operating a vehicle while feeling sleepy or fatigued. It poses a significant risk factor in road traffic incidents. Implementing driver drowsiness detection systems can help alleviate and prevent fatal car accidents caused by drowsy driving. The detection of drowsiness relies on the utilization of advanced machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques, specifically tailored to monitor and analyze the condition of the driver's eyes. The alert signal originates from a setup involving multiple devices, including the Raspberry Pi with a Raspbian camera. This setup is utilized to detect driver sluggishness by monitoring eye blink patterns, thereby assessing problem-solving time. The HRV pulse sensor accurately measures heart rate variations by detecting alterations in light transmission caused by blood flow. This study presents a model aimed at identifying and alerting instances of drowsy driving, offering potential to significantly decrease the occurrence of road accidents.
AI Advancements in Self-Driving Vehicle Technology
Authors: Bhavana S. , Kolachala Rohan , Kotamarti Sushanth , Rao Thota Venkat Narayana
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores artificial intelligence's critical role in self-driving and autonomous cars, which hold the potential to revolutionize mobility. Perception systems driven by AI use a variety of sensors to collect environmental data in real time that is essential for vehicle operation. Artificial Intelligence obtains crucial information for accurate object identification and spatial awareness through sensor fusion and computer vision. Vehicles can anticipate trends and make wise decisions thanks to deep learning frameworks like CNNs and RNNs. The chapter also discusses ADAS, which improves vehicle safety. Additionally, AI-driven risk assessment, route optimization, and predictive analytics boost operational effectiveness and set the stage for the development of intelligent, autonomous, and safe transportation in the future.
Border Pitch
Authors: Alvarez Luis
Published: December 2024

This chapter examines the recent history of media, race, and migration in the U.S.-Mexico football rivalry. It chronicles the rivalry as an arena where national identity and citizenship were routinely contested, illustrating how media commentary simultaneously blurred and hardened divisions between the two nations. Tracing the evolution of the rivalry since the 1990s, it focuses on 2015-2018 to show how the media whirlwind around the two national teams exposed that boundaries of the U.S. polity were always shifting. The argument is two-fold: First, Donald Trump's ascendancy to political power entrenched the rivalry in acrimonious debate over race and migration. Second, media outlets marketed the rivalry by promoting viewpoints from across the political spectrum. Press and advertising of the rivalry is thus a story of how the football media reflected, shaped, and profited from the politics of race, migration, and sport.
2023 AFC Asian Cup
Authors: Menon Vishnu Achutha , Prasad Aswathi , Ramanathan Meera , Thomas Juby
Published: December 2024

This study investigates sport media enjoyment and engagement among young adults during the 2023 AFC Asian Cup, focusing on football-related content consumption. Through a survey of 425 respondents in Kerala, aged 18 to 24, various statistical tests were employed to analyze data. Findings reveal higher enjoyment levels among males compared to females, but no significant differences based on education, location, or football training. A positive correlation between sport media engagement and football viewing time was noted. These insights illuminate the role of media consumption in shaping young adults' sporting experiences during major events.
Football Posts as Grand Arenas for Counter Hegemony
Authors: Chibike Jennings Joy , Ncube Agrippa , Kurebwaseka Anesu Elizabeth , Mutswairo Tinashe Pride , Mukome Tafadzwa , Mwapangira Innocent Godknows , Mkwebu Nkosana Prince
Published: December 2024

This study explores social media discourses that followed a post celebrating the president of Zimbabwe, Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa's birthday on Bulawayo based Highlanders FC's Facebook page. The study further interrogates how comments on Highlanders' FC page reflect on contemporary hegemonic struggles between football fans and political icons. Findings from the study suggest that Highlanders' Facebook page facilitated discourses hinged on Ndebele identity and cultural pride contesting against the ethnicity and political identity represented by the political icon. The historical traumas recalling Gukurahundi were also found to be foundational to the counterhegemony which the fans identified as pervasive to their expectations of what constitutes their definition of the ‘beautiful' game. Ultimately Highlanders FC Facebook page functioned as a counter pubic sphere necessitating political discourses in which ordinary citizens speak back to power