bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment ameliorative role of fenugreek seeds and germinated fenugreek seeds on pancreatic and testicular gentamicin toxicity of male Swiss albino mice
Authors: Hamad Sherin Ramadan , Anwar Hend M. , Diab Marwa S. M.
Published: January 2023

Background

Gentamicin is one of aminoglycoside antibiotic used for treatment of many infections due to its availability and less cost. The aim of this study aimed to assess the modulation effect of fenugreek seed and its germinated seeds on pancreatic and testicular toxicity induced by gentamicin in male Swiss albino mice. Forty male albino mice were divided into four treatment groups as follows: (1) control group, (2) gentamicin treated group, (3) gentamicin-fenugreek treated group and (4) gentamicin-germinated fenugreek treated group. Pancreatic and testicular tissues were collected for histopathological examinations, histochemical, and biochemical analysis as well as genetic study.

Results

Administration of gentamicin resulted in histopathological damage in pancreatic and testicular tissues as well as decreased glutathione peroxides, catalase and total antioxidant activity content in both pancreatic and testicular tissues compared to control group. Histopathological changes and antioxidant/oxidative alterations as well as DNA damage observed in gentamicin treated animals found were moderate improvement by fenugreek seeds administration and marked improvement by treatment with germinated fenugreek seeds.

Conclusions

Treated with gentamicin induced histopathological lesions, antioxidant/oxidant imbalance and DNA damage in the pancreatic and testicular. Treatment with germinated fenugreek seeds was more effective than fenugreek seeds in amelioration of pancreatic and testicular lesions, preventing high appearance of carbohydrate and accumulation of collagen fibers as well as oxidative damage and genotoxicity induced by gentamicin administration.
Implementation, uptake and use of a digital COVID-19 symptom tracker in English care homes in the coronavirus pandemic: a mixed-methods, multi-locality case study
Authors: Nelson Pauline A. , Bradley Fay , Ullah Akbar , Whittaker Will , Brunton Lisa , Calovski Vid , Money Annemarie , Dowding Dawn , Cullum Nicky , Wilson Paul
Published: January 2023

Background

COVID-19 spread rapidly in UK care homes for older people in the early pandemic. National infection control recommendations included remote resident assessment. A region in North-West England introduced a digital COVID-19 symptom tracker for homes to identify early signs of resident deterioration to facilitate care responses. We examined the implementation, uptake and use of the tracker in care homes across four geographical case study localities in the first year of the pandemic.

Methods

This was a rapid, mixed-methods, multi-locality case study. Tracker uptake was calculated using the number of care homes taking up the tracker as a proportion of the total number of care homes in a locality. Mean tracker use was summarised at locality level and compared. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals involved in tracker implementation and used to explore implementation factors across localities. Template Analysis with the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guided the interpretation of qualitative data.

Results

Uptake varied across the four case study localities ranging between 13.8 and 77.8%.

Tracker use decreased in all localities over time at different rates, with average use ranging between 18 and 58%. The implementation context differed between localities and the process of implementation deviated over time from the initially planned strategy, for stakeholder engagement and care homes’ training. Four interpretative themes reflected the most influential factors appearing to affect tracker uptake and use: (1) the process of implementation, (2) implementation readiness, (3) clarity of purpose/perceived value and (4) relative priority in the context of wider system pressures.

Conclusions

Our study findings resonate with the digital solutions evidence base prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting three key factors that can inform future development and implementation of rapid digital responses in care home settings even in times of crisis: an incremental approach to implementation with testing of organisational readiness and attention to implementation climate, particularly the innovation’s fit with local contexts (i.e. systems, infrastructure, work processes and practices); involvement of end-users in innovation design and development; and enabling users’ easy access to sustained, high-quality, appropriate training and support to enable staff to adapt to digital solutions.
Carbon dots as fluorescent nanoprobes for assay of some non-fluorophoric nitrogenous compounds of high pharmaceutical interest
Authors: Moustafa Rana M. , Talaat Wael , Youssef Rasha M. , Kamal Miranda F.
Published: January 2023

Background

Carbon dots, CDs, have excellent photoluminescence properties, good biocompatibility, low toxicity and good light stability. The optical, magnetic and electronic properties of CDs make them a hugely relevant tool to be used in pharmaceutical analysis, bioimaging, drug delivery, and other fields. The fluorescence of carbon nanodots makes it suitable for assay of some nitrogenous compounds of high pharmaceutical interest. In this work, we develop simple, fast and green spectrophotometric methods for quantification of Azithromycin and Rasagiline mesilate using synthesized fluorescent CDs from garlic peels.

Results

The spectrometric methods depend on stoichiometric reactions of both drugs with fluorescent CDs. Carbon dots exhibit a declared absorption peak λmax at 238 nm and potent fluorimetric emission at λem 528 nm, upon excitation at λex 376 nm. Drugs’ concentrations in ppm are efficiently calculated using Stern–Volmer Equation. Decrease in fluorescence (ΔF = Fo − F) and the F-ratio values are linearly correlated to molar concentration of each quencher (drug). A significant linear diminish in the dots’ measured absorbance and fluorimetric emission values was observed. Validation of all the developed methods was according to the ICH guidelines.

Conclusions

In a new way, this work successfully indicates, spectrometric methods for rapid detection of two non-fluorophoric nitrogenous compounds using potent carbon nanodots. Consequently, these green developed methods offer several benefits as simplicity, ease of quantification, accuracy and precision that encourage the application of the developed methods in routine analysis of Azithromycin and Rasagiline mesilate in quality control laboratories as analytical tool.
The value of frontal sinusotomy in cases of sinonasal polyposis
Authors: Yousef Ahmed , Elkadeem Osama Abdelnaseer , Ashry Hossam Mohamed , Eldehn Ahmed Fathy
Published: January 2023

Background

Chronic frontal sinusitis is being treated with less invasive transnasal endoscopic treatments. Surgery relieves illness and prevents recurrence. Our study was conducted on 80 patients who suffer from frontal opacity with sinonasal polyposis and divided randomly into 2 groups: group A: 40 patients candidate for anterior ethmoidectomy without identification of frontal sinus ostium and group B: 40 patients candidate for anterior ethmoidectomy with identification of frontal sinus ostium. The study was conducted in the otolaryngology department  faculty of medicine Cairo university.

Results

CT score and sinonasal endoscopy score were statistically significantly improved postoperatively compared to preoperative scores in both groups. There are no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding recurrence rate and complications.

Conclusion

Ethmoidectomy without frontal sinusotomy is a potential substitute for frontal sinusotomy for the treatment of chronic frontal sinusitis with sinonasal polyposis, and it can achieve similar improvements in symptoms and radiological evidence of frontal sinusitis.
3D true-amplitude elastic wave-vector decomposition in heterogeneous anisotropic media
Authors: Chen Yangkang , Fomel Sergey
Published: January 2023

Wave-mode separation aims at separating the elastic wavefield into P- and S-wave modes in each subsurface grid. Several wave-mode separation methods require the calculation of polarization vectors of different wave modes. We have developed a wave-mode separation method based on an analytical decomposition operator and a low-rank approximation in the wavenumber domain. When dealing with a general anisotropic medium with low symmetry, the two S-wave modes suffer from the singularity problem, where strong planar artifacts are caused due to the discontinuous polarization vectors at the singularities. A weight function with an adjustable threshold parameter can be designed to mitigate the strong artifacts, thereby obtaining clean S-wave modes. Larger threshold results in a stronger suppression of the artifacts but at the expense of stronger damages to S-wave energy. Here, we provide a new way to deal with the planar artifacts. The S-wave modes separated using a zero threshold containing strong artifacts can be treated as a noisy wavefield. Applying a weighting function can be viewed as a denoising process. Choosing the threshold parameter in the weighting function will inevitably cause an amplitude loss of the signal. Thus, we can apply the local orthogonalization method to compensate for the amplitude loss. Considering the heterogeneity of the wavefield, we apply a nonstationary local orthogonalization method to obtain an accurate wave-mode separation. The final separated wavefields are true amplitude and thus kinematically and dynamically correct, which will benefit a variety of seismic forward and inverse problems. Several 3D synthetic examples demonstrate the performance of the new method.
Implementation of a Telehealth Genetic Testing Station to Deliver Germline Testing for Men With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kwon Daniel H. , Gordon Kelly M. , Tong Barry , Borno Hala T. , Beigh Makenna , Fattah Delaire , Schleicher Alexandra , Aggarwal Rahul R. , Blanco Amie M. , Small Eric J. , Dhawan Mallika
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE:

Germline testing for men with prostate cancer (PCa) poses numerous implementation barriers. Alternative models of care delivery are emerging, but implementation outcomes are understudied. We evaluated implementation outcomes of a hybrid oncologist– and genetic counselor–delivered model called the genetic testing station (GTS) created to streamline testing and increase access.

METHODS:

A prospective, single-institution, cohort study of men with PCa referred to the GTS from October 14, 2019, to October 14, 2021, was conducted. Using the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework, we described patients referred to GTS (Reach), the association of GTS with germline testing completion rates within 60 days of a new oncology appointment in a pre- versus post-GTS multivariable logistic regression (Effectiveness), Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance. Because GTS transitioned from an on-site to remote service during the COVID-19 pandemic, we also compared outcomes for embedded versus remote GTS.

RESULTS:

Overall, 713 patients were referred to and eligible for GTS, and 592 (83%) patients completed germline testing. Seventy-six (13%) patients had ≥ 1 pathogenic variant. Post-GTS was independently associated with higher odds of completing testing within 60 days than pre-GTS (odds ratio, 8.97; 95% CI, 2.71 to 29.75; P < .001). Black race was independently associated with lower odds of testing completion compared with White race (odds ratio, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.96; P = .042). There was no difference in test completion rates or patient-reported decisional conflict for embedded versus remote GTS. GTS has been adopted by 31 oncology providers across four clinics, and implementation fidelity was high with low patient loss to follow-up, but staffing costs are a sustainability concern.

CONCLUSION:

GTS is a feasible, effective model for high-volume germline testing in men with PCa, both in person and using telehealth. GTS does not eliminate racial disparities in germline testing access.
Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome and Central Diabetes Insipidus Due to Escherichia coli Meningitis
Authors: Mizuno Shinsuke , Yokoyama Koji , Nukada Takayuki , Hara Shigeto
Published: January 2023

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome and central diabetes insipidus are uncommon but potentially fatal endocrine and metabolic diseases. Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome is defined as adrenal insufficiency caused by adrenal hemorrhage, which is typically bilateral and most frequently due to meningococcal infection. It is usually diagnosed by necropsy. Central diabetes insipidus in children is often caused by trauma, intracranial lesions, autoimmune diseases, and infections. In addition, it can be caused by mutations in the AVP-NPII gene, although this occurs typically later in childhood rather than in the neonatal period. This report describes a term infant who developed Escherichia coli meningitis, which resulted in septic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Abdominal ultrasound led to an early diagnosis of bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and appropriate treatment with corticosteroids. Symptomatic central diabetes insipidus developed a few days after the onset of meningitis. Intravenous vasopressin was effective in resolving hemodynamic instability. In conclusion, sepsis and meningitis may have severely affected the endocrine system in this patient. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment for both diseases may have resulted in better clinical outcomes for this patient.
The experience of using Alpha-Stim AID cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) for symptoms of anxiety
Authors: Griffiths Chris , Walker Kate , Jiang Harmony
Published: January 2023

Background:

Alpha-Stim AID is a self-administered, cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) device with evidence of effectiveness in treating symptoms of anxiety. In this study, Alpha-Stim AID was offered through a United Kingdom (UK) primary care social prescription service to patients with symptoms of anxiety. This study explored the experience and impact of using Alpha-Stim AID cranial electrotherapy stimulation (CES) through in-depth interviews.

Methods:

Out of a sample of 57 using Alpha-Stim AID, fifteen participants consented to be interviewed. The age range of the participants was 26–65 years (M = 46.6); 10 (67%) were female and 5 (33%) male. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results:

There was support for the acceptability and useability of Alpha-Stim AID. Most participants described a positive impact in their lives and would recommend it to others. Themes that emerged offered insights into how people used the Alpha-Stim and their experiences of the effects.

Conclusions:

It is important to identify anxiety symptoms and offer patients choice of treatment options. The results support the use of Alpha-Stim AID as a treatment option for people with symptoms of anxiety. Access to Alpha-Stim AID should not be restricted by being able to afford to buy it. An appropriately designed randomised control trial (RCT) is required.
Blood pressure and 10-year all-cause mortality: Findings from the PERU MIGRANT Study
Authors: Hidalgo-Benites Aida , Senosain-Leon Valeria , Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M. , Ruiz-Alejos Andrea , Gilman Robert H. , Smeeth Liam , Miranda J. Jaime , Bernabé-Ortiz Antonio
Published: January 2023

Background

The long-term impact of elevated blood pressure on mortality outcomes has been recently revisited due to proposed changes in cut-offs for hypertension. This study aimed at assessing the association between high blood pressure levels and 10-year mortality using the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure (JNC-7) and the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) 2017 blood pressure guidelines.

Methods

Data of the PERU MIGRANT Study, a prospective ongoing cohort, was used. The outcome of interest was 10-year all-cause mortality, and exposures were blood pressure categories according to the JNC-7 and ACC/AHA 2017 guidelines. Log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models were used to assess the associations of interest controlling for confounders. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated.

Results

A total of 976 records, mean age of 60.4 (SD: 11.4), 513 (52.6%) women, were analyzed. Hypertension prevalence at baseline almost doubled from 16.0% (95% CI 13.7%–18.4%) to 31.3% (95% CI 28.4%–34.3%), using the JNC-7 and ACC/AHA 2017 definitions, respectively. Sixty-three (6.4%) participants died during the 10-year follow-up, equating to a mortality rate of 3.6 (95% CI 2.4–4.7) per 1000 person-years. Using JNC-7, and compared to those with normal blood pressure, those with pre-hypertension and hypertension had 2-fold and 3.5-fold increased risk of death, respectively. Similar mortality effect sizes were estimated using ACC/AHA 2017 for stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension.

Conclusions

Blood pressure levels under two different definitions increased the risk of 10-year all-cause mortality. Hypertension prevalence doubled using ACC/AHA 2017 compared to JNC-7. The choice of blood pressure cut-offs to classify hypertension categories need to be balanced against the patients benefit and the capacities of the health system to adequately handle a large proportion of new patients.
Literary criticism must be scientific
Authors: Lotman Juri
Published: January 2023

Literary criticism must be scientific
Acta Semiotica Estica
Authors: Salupere Silvi
Published: January 2023

Acta Semiotica Estica is an annually published peer-reviewed Estonian-language journal of semiotics based in Tartu, that has been published since 2001. This article gives a brief overview of the history and development of the journal.
Hortus Semioticus
Authors: Alexandri Eleni , Pern Tuuli
Published: January 2023

The article takes a retrospective look on the history of the online periodical Hortus Semioticus from its inception in 2005 to the present day as the journal celebrates the publication of its tenth issue. We draw on the editorial staff members’ reflections on their experiences while contributing to the publishing of Hortus Semioticus, as well as their hopes and aspirations for the journal’s future.
Book series on semiotics in the world and Tartu Semiotics Library
Authors: Kull Kalevi , Salupere Silvi , Lepik Eva
Published: January 2023

We publish a worldwide list of 33 recent semiotics book series, and describe the volumes published in the Tartu Semiotics Library series that was established in 1998.
Directions of digital transformation of scientific and educational activities
Authors: Zybin Dmitry , Antonovskiy Aleksandr , Churakov Denis
Published: January 2023

The article discusses the current directions of digital transformation of scientific and educational activities. In 2021, the Ministry of Science and Higher Education developed a Strategy for the Digital Transformation of Science and Higher Education, which is aimed at achieving digital maturity as the basis for strategic development and digital transformation of scientific organizations and educational institutions of higher education. Five main directions of digital transformation of science and higher education are presented: architecture of digital transformation; development of digital services; data management; infrastructure modernization; human resources management. Additionally, seven more subprojects have been identified: datahab; data management system for science and higher education; digital transformation architecture; digital university; unified science service platform; software and hardware marketplace; digital education; service hub. The Strategy of Digital Transformation of the branch of science and higher education reflects the focus on digital interaction of information systems, their interconnectedness, subordination and unity of work in relation to scientific and educational organizations of higher education. One of the vectors of digital transformation at present is a certain shift in its focus, which consists not only in digitalization of various processes and types of professional activity, but also in changing and transforming digital interaction systems. The key aspects of the digital transformation of science and education are new, in their content, directions and models of activity, which are based on the synthesis of constantly updated digital solutions and services, opportunities for continuing professional education and development for specialists, the availability of conditions for organizing digital changes, support and coordination of effective communication between participants in digital transformation projects within the framework of professional interaction.
Features of self-attitude of juvenile delinquents
Authors: Lyubimova Ol'ga , Kravtsova Yulia , Maltseva Tatyana
Published: January 2023

The article analyzes significant differences in the parameters of self-attitude of law-abiding adolescents and adolescents in a pre-trial detention center at the stage of investigative actions and after sentencing. It is shown that deviant behavior is the result of the frustration of the need for self-esteem in adolescence due to insufficient social competence. The study involved 86 adolescents aged 15-17 years: adolescent delinquents and students of grades 10-11 of the lyceum in Barnaul. Three psychodiagnostic methods were chosen as research methods. Data were obtained on changes in the parameters of self-attitude of adolescents after sentencing. The fact of sentencing also leads to an increase in psychological readiness to demonstrate antisocial patterns of behavior of convicted teenagers. During this period, the risk of manifesting antisocial behavior increases due to the choice of non-constructive strategies for adapting to the future. In conditions of forced restriction of freedom, self-relationship plays a supporting role, allowing one to find resources for adaptation to a new life situation. It is shown that the development of reflexive abilities, the formation of a positive self-esteem of a teenager is a reference point for his constructive socialization.
On the issue of the need for preventive work of the juvenile affairs inspector in the aspect of media security of minors
Authors: Kharlamova Darya
Published: January 2023

Currently, the information society is developing at a high speed, in fact, almost everyone uses the Internet on a regular basis. The global rate of Internet usage has increased significantly over the past few decades. Although this trend is observed in all age groups, it is most pronounced among minors. The expansion of interactive online activities seems to be encouraging young people to stay online longer than expected.

It is known that excessive use of the Internet increases the tendency to develop destructive behavior on the Internet. Such high-risk behavior can have a detrimental effect both on the psychological development of adolescents and on the formation of their further behavior. We must not forget that when using the Network, you can get both necessary and useful information and "false" information. In most cases, it is minors who are exposed to negative information due to their age and psychological characteristics.

In addition, groups with a destructive orientation are being formed on the Network, which broadcast aggression, cruelty, hatred, calls for suicidal behavior, which can subsequently lead to the formation of destructive behavior on the part of minors and an increase in the commission of offenses and crimes. Currently, due to the aggravated situation in the world, it is much more common to notice the spread of negative information on the Internet, as well as "false" information that can negatively affect the formation of the worldview of minors, value orientations and further behavior.

Of course, on the one hand, the use of the Network gives a minor the opportunity to satisfy their necessary needs, such as communication, searching for information, watching movies and useful videos, etc. But on the other hand, certain risks appear to a greater extent in the use of uncontrolled communications by minors, access to negative content appears.

We emphasize that the main preventive activities should be carried out by law enforcement agencies. Due to the fact that the protection of the rights of minors is within the competence of the Juvenile Affairs Unit (hereinafter PDN), first of all, preventive activities should be carried out by PDN inspectors.
Pedagogical neglect as a factor determining juvenile delinquency
Authors: Teregulova Oxana , Kosolapov Artem , Ermolov Pavel
Published: January 2023

The article considers the problem of formation and development of pedagogical neglect. Pedagogical neglect of minors is associated with the peculiarities of their social situation and is due to psychological and pedagogical reasons.

The problem of pedagogical neglect is considered from the point of view of various sciences, including pedagogy. The article lists the reasons for the formation of this phenomenon. The interrelation of pedagogical neglect and the commission of offenses by minors is described. The influence of family and other socio-psychological factors on the attitude of a minor to education and upbringing is also emphasized. The status and situation of juvenile delinquents in the educational team is analyzed.

Pedagogically neglected children, due to improper upbringing, can quickly adjust when the conditions of upbringing or training change. The article presents measures of psychological and pedagogical influence in order to stimulate a minor to activity.
Methods of psychological support of students in the process of responsibility formation in the structure of professional reliability
Authors: Pisarevskiy Konstantin , Savinkov Stanislav
Published: January 2023

The main goal facing a modern specialist is to properly perform the duties assigned to him, to have a high level of responsibility, to be reliable, therefore, the development and construction of optimal psychological support in the formation of responsibility is a strategic task in labor psychology. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of socio-psychological training, which is part of the program of psychological support in the formation of responsibility in the structure of professional reliability. The hypothesis of the study is to verify the statement that training, as part of psychological support, can be an effective tool in the formation of professionally important qualities of a novice specialist. The article reveals the actual problem of psychological formation of reliability as a professionally important quality of students - beginning specialists of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. The authors reveal the content of the concepts of "responsibility" and "professional reliability" as necessary components of the professionally important qualities of an employee of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. The research on the problem of reliability and responsibility in the works of domestic and foreign scientists is presented. The close connection between the success of the future specialist and his responsibility is revealed. It is noted that a qualitative solution to the problem of psychological support in the formation of responsibility allows for effective personnel management, to carry out the necessary assessment and training activities.
Volitional qualities and coping strategies of the personality of police officers
Authors: Vasil'eva Inna , Chumakov Mihail
Published: January 2023

For the successful performance of official tasks by police officers, they need a certain level of formation of professionally important qualities that contribute to overcoming stressful, conflict, difficult situations. Such qualities in particular include coping and will. The purpose of the article is to empirically test the hypothesis about the relationship between the volitional qualities of a person and coping strategies among police officers.
The article deals with the relationship between coping strategies and volitional qualities of a person. Theoretical grounds for relationships are given, based on the concepts of the volitional sphere of personality and coping. Theoretical assumptions are tested empirically using correlation analysis. Correlations of personal volitional qualities with such coping strategies as «self-control», «search for social support», «acceptance responsibility», «avoidance», «decision making».
Conclusions.1) In general, the volitional qualities of the personality of police officers are developed at a high level. Separate volitional qualities of the personality of the employees are developed at a uniformly high level, which indicates the harmony of the volitional sphere of the police officers. 2) The relationship of volitional qualities and coping strategies is ambiguous. The coping strategies of «accepting responsibility» and «avoidance» among strong-willed police officers are more pronounced. The coping strategy «decision making» among employees with pronounced volitional qualities is less developed.
The impact of education on the benefits of cognitive-behavioral therapy on improving the quality of life of patients after breast cancer treatment
Authors: Majcher Magdalena , Majcher Monika , Świercz Kamila , Górska Dominika , Karwańska Aleksandra , Pikulicka Agata , Sierpień Małgorzata , Brzychczy Piotr , Kulbat Aleksandra , Kulbat Mateusz
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Treatment of breast cancer may be associated with the subsequent occurrence of many side effects, which may have a significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients after treatment. Such patients may experience bothersome menopausal symptoms, persistent pain, insomnia and depressed mood. The most common treatment to combat the above symptoms is pharmacotherapy, which in turn could also be associated with additional side effects. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can be an effective alternative to pharmacological treatment as well as an effective complementary treatment.
Aim of the study: The aim of the study is to summarize the current state of knowledge on the impact of cognitive-behavioral therapy on improving quality of life of patients after breast cancer treatment.
Material and methods: The literature available in the Pubmed database was reviewed using key phrases.
Results: Cognitive-behavioral therapy used in patients after breast cancer treatment brings good results in combating symptoms such as anxiety, depression, menopausal symptoms, persistent, chronic pain or insomnia resulting from the above symptoms. With the above therapy, you can correct not only the severity, but above all the perception of all of the above-mentioned symptoms, which is of key importance in the context of maintaining the quality of life as before the start of treatment.
Conclusion: The development of patient education on the benefits of using cognitive behavioral therapy as an adjuvant treatment after breast cancer treatment may have a beneficial effect on improving the quality of life in these patients.
Effect of mediterranean diet on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)
Authors: Walczak Patrycja , Walczak Klaudia , Zdun Sylwia , Nemeczek Sylwia , Merkisz Konrad , Grzybowski Jakub , Marciniak Agnieszka , Grzywna Natalia , Jaskuła Karolina , Orłowski Władysław
Published: January 2023

Introduction and purpose of the work: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition in the general population. In its course, excessive fatty acids are deposited in liver cells. The best way to prevent it is to reduce weight by being physically active and eating a proper low-calorie diet.
The purpose of this study is to describe the potential health benefits of the mediterranean diet in people with NAFLD. For this purpose, the literature available in the PubMed database was reviewed using the following keywords: mediterranean diet; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD); non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (MASH).
State of the knowledge: The mediterranean diet is rich in fruits, vegetables, nuts, fish, olive oil and whole-grain products. It has the effect of decreasing insulin resistance, which is a major cause of NAFLD. In addition, it exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In recent years, numerous clinical studies have been conducted analyzing the effects of this diet on laboratory results, liver steatosis and progression to steatohepatitis (MASH) in patients with NAFLD.
Conclusions: The results of the studies show that following a mediterranean diet can prevent as well as alleviate the course of this disease. However, there is a need for more clinical studies, on larger groups of people to recognize the mediterranean diet as an effective form of NAFLD therapy.
Ulcerative colitis – recent and potential methods of treatment - review
Authors: Tomasik Mikołaj , Warzyszak Paweł , Małek Róża , Milczek Maria , Żołyniak Wojciech , Hawranik Izabela , Niski Szymon , Żaba Ziemowit , Lisowska Aleksandra , Skrzypek Mateusz
Published: January 2023

Introduction and purpose: Ulcerative colitis (UC, colitis ulcerosa) belongs to a group of inflammatory bowel diseases of unexplained etiology. It is a diffuse nonspecific inflammation of the mucosa of the rectum or rectum and colon, leading to ulceration in more severe cases. Despite a decline in the incidence of ulcerative colitis in developed countries, the prevalence continues to rise due to increasingly predominant benign course of the disease with a low mortality rate. The purpose of this review is to summarize latest directions and discoveries in research of ulcerative colitis.
Materials and methods: This review is based on articles published in Pubmed between 2017 and 2022 by searching keywords ulcerative colitis treatment, ulcerative colitis guidelines.State of knowledge: Currently, many independent scientific societies represent a consensus position on the standard management of patients with UC, while recent therapeutic options are constantly emerging due to intensive research. These options require the involvement of multiple medical centers to determine their position in future guidelines.Conclusion: Although ulcerative colitis is a disease that is diagnosed and detected relatively easily, due to its chronic nature, relatively high prevalence in the population and lack of causal treatment options, it is an important direction for further research.
Pojęcie przekładu w Indiach
Authors: Borowski Gabriel
Published: January 2023

THE CONCEPT OF TRANSLATION IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW This study aims to outline the most relevant contemporary critical remarks concerning the concept of translation and the presence of translational reflection in India, aiming to fill the gap perceived in Polish translatology.
The Number of Estimates in Footnotes and Accruals
Authors: Chen Huafeng (Jason) , Chen Jason Victor , Li Feng
Published: January 2023

This study quantifies the number of estimates involved in firms’ accruals and examines whether it is informative about the relation between accruals and future earnings. We measure the number of estimates using the frequency of the use of the word estimate in the qualitative portions of a firm’s Notes to the Financial Statements (footnotes). Motivated by arguments regarding the impact of estimation errors in accruals, we hypothesize and find that the accruals of firms that have more estimates have a lower relation with future earnings (i.e., lower persistence) and a lower association with their past, current, and future cash flows.

This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting.

Funding: This work was supported by Zijiang Endowment. H. Chen acknowledges the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72150710550, 71790591, and 72121002]. J. V. Chen acknowledges the financial support from the University of Michigan, University of Illinois at Chicago, Paton Accounting Fellowship, and Harry Jones Endowment. F. Li acknowledges the financial support from SJTU SAIF Zijiang Discipline Development Fund, sponsored by the Zijiang Foundation.

Supplemental Material: The internet appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4659 .
Bio-Control of Citrus Canker: An Alternative to Chemical Based Treatment
Authors: Bhowal Rony , Kumari Sony , Deka Pinky , Koch Pranab Jyoti , Ahmed Shahbaaz , Roy Puja , Sinha Aditi
Published: January 2023

The importance of the citrus crops is recognized throughout the world. Despite tremendous advancements in agricultural technology, citrus fruit production is still considered a significant challenge. Various biotic factors have trampled down the production rate of Citrus in many places. Among them, canker caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac) and Xanthomonas citri pv. citri (Xcc) is of great importance. Infection caused by Xac leads to lesion development in leaves, fruits, and stem. Defoliation and early fruit drop can occur as a result of severe infection, resulting in a loss of fruit output. Preliminary management techniques involve quarantining and sanitizing. Chemical copper-based bactericides are frequently employed in places with large-scale production. However, the continued use of chemicals, on the other hand, has led to the evolution of resistant microorganisms and increased the rate of soil pollution. Various alternative strategies have been suggested to address this issue. This review will go over the advances in biocontrol agents that have been used to combat the disease.
Accurate computations with totally positive matrices applied to the computation of Gaussian quadrature formulae
Authors: Marco Ana , Martínez José-Javier , Viaña Raquel
Published: January 2023

For some families of classical orthogonal polynomials defined on appropriate intervals, it is shown that the corresponding Jacobi matrices are totally positive and their bidiagonal factorizations can be accurately computed. By exploiting these facts, an algorithm to compute with high relative accuracy the eigenvalues of those Jacobi matrices, and consequently the nodes of Gaussian quadrature formulae for those families of orthogonal polynomials, is presented. An algorithm is also presented for the computation of the eigenvectors of these Jacobi matrices, and hence the weights of Gaussian quadrature formulae. Although in this case high relative accuracy is not theoretically guaranteed, the numerical experiments with our algorithm provide very accurate results.
High-Q cascaded single-passband microwave photonic filter based on an optical-electrical feedback loop
Authors: Duan Ruodong , Song Yansong , Wang Tianshu , Zhu Hongfei , Du Lei
Published: January 2023

A cascaded microwave photonic filter refers to a microwave photonic filter (MPF) with higher performance obtained by cascading a MPF with two different structures. A high-Q cascaded single-passband MPF is proposed experimentally based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and an optical-electrical feedback loop (OEFL). In this experiment, the pump light of SBS is provided by a tunable laser. The Brillouin gain spectrum generated by the pump light is used to amplify the phase modulation sideband, and the narrow linewidth OEFL is subsequently used to compress the passband width of the MPF. By carefully adjusting the pump wavelength and tuning the tunable optical delay line, stable tuning can be achieved for a cascaded single-passband MPF with a high-Q value. The results have demonstrated that the MPF has characteristics of high-frequency selectivity and a wide frequency tuning range. Meanwhile, the filtering bandwidth is up to 300 kHz, the out-of-band suppression is more than 20 dB, the maximum Q-value is

5.333

×

1

0

4

, and the center frequency tuning range is 1–17 GHz. The cascaded MPF proposed not only achieves a higher Q-value, but also has the advantages of tunability, a high out-of-band rejection ratio, and strong cascaded ability.
Synthesis of a spin-orbit beam lattice using a Dammann grating
Authors: Gangwar Kapil K. , Bansal Sarvesh , Desai Jawahar , Senthilkumaran P.
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we propose a method for the generation of a two-dimensional spin-orbit beam lattice using a Dammann grating. A Dammann grating is fabricated and is illuminated by ellipse field/vector filed singular beam that contains a polarization singularity. Since, Dammann grating is used to produce equal-intensity light spots, each of the spin-orbit beams in the lattice has equal intensity distribution. Interestingly, they also have the same polarization distribution as that of the input light. Unlike the interferometric methods of lattice generation, the diffractive method proposed here produces lattices of the same index singularities. Simulation and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the concept.
Free-electron-driven X-ray caustics from strained van der Waals materials
Authors: Shi Xihang , Shentcis Michael , Kurman Yaniv , Wong Liang Jie , García de Abajo F. Javier , Kaminer Ido
Published: January 2023

Tunable control of X-ray waves remains an open challenge of critical importance for applications in high-resolution X-ray spectroscopy, medical imaging, and radiation therapy. Unlike in the X-ray regime, control over light waves in the visible and IR regimes is ubiquitous in a vast range of applications, and typically relies on widely available optical components. However, analogous optical elements for X-rays are usually inefficient and challenging to fabricate. Here, we propose a method for shaping X-ray waves directly at the source, using the interaction of free electrons with crystalline materials. Specifically, by inducing strain on van der Waals materials, we control their interaction with free electrons in a manner that tunes the emissions of the X-rays and forms caustic X-ray beams. The development of wave-shaping concepts like caustics generation in the X-ray spectral range could benefit from achievements in this field in the optical range and may help bypass the noted limits of current X-ray optics technology. Looking forward, shaping the interference of X-rays at the atomic scale could enable further developments in high-resolution X-ray science.
Classical imaging with undetected photons using four-wave mixing in silicon core fibers
Authors: Huang M. , Wu D. , Ren H. , Shen L. , Hawkins T. W. , Ballato J. , Gibson U. J. , Beresna M. , Slavík R. , Sipe J. E. , Liscidini M. , Peacock A. C.
Published: January 2023

Undetected-photon imaging allows for objects to be imaged in wavelength regions where traditional components are unavailable. Although first demonstrated using quantum sources, recent work has shown that the technique also holds with classical beams. To date, however, all the research in this area has exploited parametric down-conversion processes using bulk nonlinear crystals within free-space systems. Here, we demonstrate undetected-photon-based imaging using light generated via stimulated four-wave mixing within highly nonlinear silicon fiber waveguides. The silicon fibers have been tapered to have a core diameter of

∼
915
  
nm

to engineer the dispersion and reduce the insertion losses, allowing for tight mode confinement over extended lengths to achieve practical nonlinear conversion efficiencies (

∼
−
30
  
dB

) with modest pump powers (

∼
48
  
mW

). Both amplitude and phase images are obtained using classically generated light, confirming the high degree of spatial and phase correlation of our system. The high powers (

>
10
  
nW

) and long coherence lengths (

>
4
  
km

) associated with our large fiber-based system result in high contrast and stable images.
Predicting the combined effects of case isolation, safe funeral practices, and contact tracing during Ebola virus disease outbreaks
Authors: Bouba Aliou , Helle Kristina Barbara , Schneider Kristan Alexander
Published: January 2023

Background

The recent outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Uganda and the Marburg virus disease (MVD) in Ghana reflect a persisting threat of Filoviridae to the global health community. Characteristic of Filoviridae are not just their high case fatality rates, but also that corpses are highly contagious and prone to cause infections in the absence of appropriate precautions. Vaccines against the most virulent Ebolavirus species, the Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) are approved. However, there exists no approved vaccine or treatment against the Sudan ebolavirus (SUDV) which causes the current outbreak of EVD. Hence, the control of the outbreak relies on case isolation, safe funeral practices, and contact tracing. So far, the effectiveness of these control measures was studied only separately by epidemiological models, while the impact of their interaction is unclear.

Methods and findings

To sustain decision making in public health-emergency management, we introduce a predictive model to study the interaction of case isolation, safe funeral practices, and contact tracing. The model is a complex extension of an SEIR-type model, and serves as an epidemic preparedness tool. The model considers different phases of the EVD infections, the possibility of infections being treated in isolation (if appropriately diagnosed), in hospital (if not properly diagnosed), or at home (if the infected do not present to hospital for whatever reason). It is assumed that the corpses of those who died in isolation are buried with proper safety measures, while those who die outside isolation might be buried unsafely, such that transmission can occur during the funeral. Furthermore, the contacts of individuals in isolation will be traced. Based on parameter estimates from the scientific literature, the model suggests that proper diagnosis and hence isolation of cases has the highest impact in reducing the size of the outbreak. However, the combination of case isolation and safe funeral practices alone are insufficient to fully contain the epidemic under plausible parameters. This changes if these measures are combined with contact tracing. In addition, shortening the time to successfully trace back contacts contribute substantially to contain the outbreak.

Conclusions

In the absence of an approved vaccine and treatment, EVD management by proper and fast diagnostics in combination with epidemic awareness are fundamental. Awareness will particularly facilitate contact tracing and safe funeral practices. Moreover, proper and fast diagnostics are a major determinant of case isolation. The model introduced here is not just applicable to EVD, but also to other viral hemorrhagic fevers such as the MVD or the Lassa fever.
A comparative study of three models to analyze the impact of air pollutants on the number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Urumqi, Xinjiang
Authors: Wang Yingdan , Gao Chunjie , Zhao Tiantian , Jiao Haiyan , Liao Ying , Hu Zengyun , Wang Lei
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we separately constructed ARIMA, ARIMAX, and RNN models to determine whether there exists an impact of the air pollutants (such as PM2.5, PM10, CO, O3, NO2, and SO2) on the number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases from January 2014 to December 2018 in Urumqi, Xinjiang. In addition, by using a new comprehensive evaluation index DISO to compare the performance of three models, it was demonstrated that ARIMAX (1,1,2) × (0,1,1)12 + PM2.5 (lag = 12) model was the optimal one, which was applied to predict the number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Urumqi from January 2019 to December 2019. The predicting results were in good agreement with the actual pulmonary tuberculosis cases and shown that pulmonary tuberculosis cases obviously declined, which indicated that the policies of environmental protection and universal health checkups in Urumqi have been very effective in recent years.