bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vektorisierung und Automatisierung am BEV – ein Zwischenbericht zur Erstellung von KM50-Vektor
Authors: Freitag Klaus , Felfernig Gernot , Pammer Andreas
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Die vom Bundesamt für Eich- und Vermessungswesen (BEV) herausgegebene topographische Grundkarte Österreichs im Maßstab 1:50.000 (ÖK50) basiert bislang flächendeckend auf einem Kartographischen Rasterdatenmodell (KM50-R). Ein vektor-/objektbasiertes Datenmodell bietet demgegenüber mehrere Vorteile: Neben erweiterten Abfragemöglichkeiten und der Erstellung von Routennetzwerken weist dieses ein deutlich größeres Potenzial für die Etablierung automatisierter Generalisierungsprozesse auf.Genau dieses Ziel setzt sich das Projekt KM50-Vektor: Aus den bereits in Vektorform vorliegenden Daten des Digitalen Landschaftsmodells (DLM) soll mittels GIS-gestützter Verfahren das Kartographische Modell 1:50 000 – Vektor (KM50-V) automatisiert abgeleitet werden. Dieses wird anschließend von erfahrenen Kartographen überprüft und gegebenenfalls korrigiert. Das Feedback der Kartographen fließt wiederum in die Verfeinerung der automatisierten Verfahren. Diese werden unter Berücksichtigung gängiger Geoprozessierungs-Tools in ArcGIS sowie eigens programmierter Scripts modelliert. Die große Herausforderung besteht darin, die teils subjektiv gefällten Generalisierungsentscheidungen einheitlich in maschinenlesbare Form zu bringen. Dabei müssen sowohl die Geometrie und die Topologie als auch die Sachdaten des DLM manipuliert werden.Des Weiteren entstehen bei der synchronen Bearbeitung der großen (Geo-)Datenmengen Probleme anderer Art: Häufige Abstürze aufgrund unterschiedlicher Tool-interner Topologie-Regeln oder einer Überbelastung des Arbeitsspeichers verhinderten bis vor kurzem das Rechnen größerer Ausschnitte. Durch den Einsatz zusätzlicher Werkzeuge und kartographischer Partitionen konnten die Fehler minimiert und erstmals größere Blöcke konsequent gerechnet werden. Zudem ist die Entwicklung mittlerweile soweit fortgeschritten, dass die Mehrheit der im KM50 vorkommenden Objektarten automatisiert abgeleitet werden kann.In einem finalen Schritt werden die Modelle um die noch fehlenden Objektarten ergänzt und der Vorgang auf die gesamte Staatsfläche Österreichs ausgedehnt. Dabei ist aber zu berücksichtigen, dass einzelne wichtige Objektbereiche der Bodenbedeckung des Digitalen Landschaftsmodells (wie z.B. Einzelhäuser) zur Zeit noch flächendeckend aufgebaut werden.Die anlaufende produktive Erstellung eines KM50-V erfolgt somit blattweise und traditionell im Aktualisierungszyklus des DLM. 2021 werden die ersten auf dem KM50-V basierenden ÖK50-Blätter gedruckt und die KM50-V-Daten über eGeodata Austria (eGA) – dem Geodaten-Portal des BEVs – verfügbar sein. Im Rahmen des Vortrags werden Voraussetzungen, Fortschritte, Zwischenergebnisse und Ausblicke des Projekts präsentiert.
Spatiotemporal analysis of rental bike data in Budapest
Authors: Kovács Eszter , Gede Mátyás
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The largest bike rental service of Budapest, MOL Bubi, started its operation in 2014. Since then it became an important supplement and alternative to driving and public transport in the city. This paper analyses bicycle usage data of year 2018.The raw data included records of the starting and finishing location and time of each usage event (approx. 500 000 records in 2018), and anonymised metadata of the users. Data processing was carried out in QGIS, using its Spatialite database engine, similarly to the previous work of Gede, Varga (2019). In addition to simple temporal analysis (daily, weekly, monthly usage patterns) the data had been completed by the optimum routes between docker stations based on the freely available OpenRouteService routing engine (Figure 1, left). Comparing the actual timespan of a rental event with the duration of the optimum route between its endpoints made it possible to determine whether a bicycle was used to get directly from A to B or it was rather used to explore the city without having the actual GPS track of the ride. Creating isochrones map of the docker stations (Figure 1, right) also revealed the “bike rental coverage” of the city as most users never exceed the 30 minutes rental timespan because there is an extra cost beyond this time limit.
Is There a Relationship between Productivity and Relative Prices in South Africa?
Authors: Rapapali Mpho , Steenkamp Daan
Published: October 2020

The Balassa–Samuelson hypothesis proposes that there should be a direct relationship between a country’s real exchange rate and its productivity performance. Given South Africa’s (SA’s) poor relative productivity performance, a weak and depreciating real exchange rate would be expected under this hypothesis. However, the real effective exchange rate has been relatively stable since the early 2000s. We construct tradable and nontradable price and productivity measures and show that tradable sectors have tended to experience more rapid productivity growth than nontradable sectors in both SA and the United States. However, we show that there is not a strong relationship between sectoral productivity and prices in SA, or with the real exchange rate with the United States. Better explanations for SA’s deteriorating international competitiveness (shown by higher relative prices) are a relatively high domestic inflation rate caused by nontradable sectors, as well as disproportionately large increases in government wages over the post–global financial crisis period.
Conceptual Image of Intellectual Optimization Technology for Anti-crisis Tax Management Innovations in Relation to High-Tech Enterprises
Authors: Dmitriev Oleg
Published: October 2020

The problematic task of complex taxation is considered in relation to a high-tech industrial enterprise for two categories of macro situations: “ordinary” and crisis one. The criticality of the taxation factor is shown and the main disadvantages of the tax system for the discussed area are highlighted using the example of modern Russian realities. A typological variety of tax environments associated with a modern Russian high-tech enterprise is presented and they are integrated into a system. They are classified on the basis of taxpayer subjectivity in the context of the hierarchical level (macro-, meso- and microlevels) and country affiliation. Substantial formulation and formalization of the optimal taxation problem for the external macroenvironment for cases of non-crisis and crisis situations are presented. Software and mathematical tools for solving it are configured. There are demo example and references to testing the proposed development.
Concentrically braced frames
Authors: Walpole W. R.
Published: October 2020

This paper is the result of deliberations of the Society's Study Group for the seismic design of steel structures.
Offer Price Information and the Exercise of Market Power: The Effect of the Publication of the Historical Trading Report on Competition in the Alberta Electricity Market
Authors: Olmstead Derek E.H. , Ayres Matthew J. , Lomas Peter B.R.
Published: October 2020

This paper considers the effect of the publication of offer price information on unilateral market power in Alberta’s electricity market. This market is an hourly auction characterized by repeated interaction among a small number of producers, common knowledge of costs and production capabilities, and price inelastic demand.

For the period July 13, 2000 to May 18, 2017, offer prices for each hour were published by the market operator, the Alberta Electric System Operator (AESO), in the Historical Trading Report (HTR) after the end of the hour. Using counter-factual analysis from 2010 to 2015 (52,584 hours), the paper finds that the effect of offer price changes after the HTR publication was to raise the average hourly price for electricity in Alberta by $2.48/MWh or about 4.2%, which raised the cost of electricity for Alberta consumers during the six-year period by approximately $1.14 billion.

Based on an earlier version of this paper, the AESO was instructed by Alberta’s utilities regulator to cease publication of the HTR.
A review of movie recommendation system: Limitations, Survey and Challenges
Authors: Sunilkumar Chaurasia Neha
Published: October 2020

Recommendation System is a major area which is very popular and useful for people to take proper decision. It is a method that helps user to find out the information which is beneficial for the user from variety of data available. When it comes to Movie Recommendation System, recommendation is done based on similarity between users (Collaborative Filtering) or by considering particular user’s activity (Content Based Filtering) which he wants to engage with. So to overcome the limitations of collaborative and content based filtering generally, combination of collaborative and content based filtering is used so that a better recommendation system can be developed. Also various similarity measures are used to find out similarity between users for recommendation. In this paper, we have reviewed different similarity measures. Various companies like face book which recommends friends, LinkedIn which recommends job, Pandora recommends music, Netflix recommends movies, Amazon recommends products etc. use recommendation system to increase their profit and also benefit their customers. This paper mainly concentrates on the brief review of the different techniques and its methods for movie recommendation, so that research in recommendation system can be explored.
The biopsychosocial status of women during the antepartum period
Authors: Wróbel Romana
Published: October 2020

Background. The time leading up to delivery significantly affects the state of
a pregnant woman in each of the spheres of human functioning.
Aim of the study. The aim of the study was to assess the biopsychosocial status of women in the antepartum period.
Material and methods. The study was carried out in St. Queen Jadwiga’s Clinical Regional Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszow. The study group consisted of 200 women awaiting delivery: 100 preparing for physiological delivery, and 100 qualified for elective Caesarean section. The following tools were used: Labor Anxiety Questionnaire, Social Support Scale, Sources of Social Support Questionnaire, Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and the questionnaire developed by the author.
Results. Statistical analyses showed a relationship between the biopsychosocial status
of pregnant women and the planned mode of delivery. In turn, the sense of availability of social support was influenced by the place of residence and living conditions, the number of people cohabiting with the respondent, and the number of people with whom
they maintained contact with during pregnancy. However, the occurrence
of somatic complaints was found to be associated with the level of labor anxiety.
Conclusion. The biopsychosocial status of women in the antepartum period is influenced by many factors. Proper social relations positively influence psychological
well-being, which in turn is closely related to the lack of pain sensations in the biophysical sphere.
Appraisal of Selected Elements of the Distance learning Method Based on Training of Fire Protection Specialists
Authors: Zwęgliński Tomasz
Published: October 2020

The paper is dedicated to assessing elements of a technical nature, including multimedia
ones, which are generally applied in training and education implemented in the form of distance
learning. The objective of the study was to enhance the quality of e-learning by finding
out to which elements of the educational course should particular attention be paid to make
sure that they meet expectations of their participants. The study was carried out on the basis
of two training courses addressed at fire protection specialists organised in the Main School of
Fire Service. In the paper use was made of the method of diagnostic survey conducted based
on the auditorium questionnaire with the use of the survey questionnaire tool. The obtained
data were subjected to a statistical analysis, including the r-Pearson correlation coefficient and
the significance of inter-group differences. Based on the drawn conclusions a presumption
may be made that if a bigger number of options of a technical nature are offered during the
training course, including multimedia ones, this considerably enhances the satisfaction of
training participants. Given the obtained results it is crucial to find how to make the training
more attractive to its participants, and consequently to convince them to use the offered
options as frequently as possible, such as for example an automatic lecturer or the possibility
of executing additional tests to verify one’s knowledge. This type of activity contributes to
meeting expectations of training participants, and also to positive perceiving of the distance
education method as one that is highly effective.
“QUANDO VEM UMA MÃE CHEFE DE FAMÍLIA PARA A TERAPIA”: A ÓTICA DE TERAPEUTAS DE FAMÍLIA SOBRE A MONOPARENTALIDADE FEMININA
Authors: Verza Fabiana , Strey Marlene Neves
Published: October 2020

Investigou-se a percepção de cinco terapeutas de família acerca da monoparentalidade feminina e o papel dos estudos de gênero em sua formação profissional. Para tanto, utilizou-se de entrevista individual semidirigida. A análise crítica de discurso com abordagem sistêmica foi empregada, enfatizando os micro e macroelementos presentes nos discursos. Os resultados indicaram uma defasagem de estudos de gênero na formação básica das profissionais, que foi em parte suprida pela formação em Terapia Familiar Sistêmica. Percepções contraditórias e complementares caracterizaram o processo de análise dos dados. Ao se referirem às mulheres chefes de família e às suas relações com o contexto socioambiental e familiar, as falas variaram entre vieses de patologia e de promoção de saúde. Tais variações foram divididas entre a visão clínica e psicossocial do fenômeno e exigiram um posicionamento crítico de análise dos dados.

Palavras-chave: Monoparentalidade feminina. Gênero. Terapia Familiar Sistêmica.
A POTÊNCIA DO PROCESSO GRUPAL
Authors: Vieira-Silva Marcos
Published: October 2020

Partindo de um programa de pesquisa intervenção psicossocial, o trabalho apresenta questionamentos e considerações sobre grupos comunitários e institucionais, objeto de ações de pesquisa e extensão do LAPIP - Laboratório de Pesquisa e Intervenção Psicossocial da UFSJ. As perspectivas de análises partem de autores que trabalham com a concepção dialética sobre grupos humanos e o processo grupal, como Ignácio Martín-Baró e Silvia Lane, e com as concepções de Grupo Operativo, de Enrique Pichón-Rivière e oficinas de grupo, de Lúcia Afonso. Nos grupos investigados/atendidos encontramos fenômenos grupais produtores de identidade e ativadores de consciência, além de uma insistência em se manterem como grupos, resistindo ao individualismo e ao isolamento social. Processos de coesão e identidades coletivas são produzidos em associação com mecanismos de solidariedade e afetividade. Presenciamos relações de poder mais igualitárias, implicando menos submissão e mais disposição para o trabalho educativo, com mais possibilidades de produção coletiva de conhecimentos.

Palavras Chave: Grupo; Processo Grupal; Afetividade; Identidade Grupal; Inclusão Psicossocial.
O VIVO INCOMENSURÁVEL: ENTRE CIÊNCIA E INCONSCIENTE
Authors: Mello Lucia Maria de Lima , Ansermet François
Published: October 2020

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Na praia e no centro: Comércio e serviços de rua frente a operações de requalificação urbana em Salvador-Bahia
Authors: Serpa Angelo , Leite Wellington , Machado Juliana
Published: October 2020

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada em Salvador-Bahia, em dois recortes espaciais específicos (Orla /Praia de Piatã e entorno da Estação da Lapa, no Centro Antigo), que objetivou problematizar a presença e a diversidade do comércio e dos serviços de rua e suas táticas de resistência frente a operações recentes de requalificação urbana empreendidas pelo Poder Público Municipal em parceria com a iniciativa privada. Foram aplicados questionários e realizadas entrevistas com comerciantes e prestadores de serviços de rua a fim de caracterizar o perfil destes trabalhadores, bem como seu cotidiano de trabalho em Piatã e no entorno da Estação da Lapa. Buscou-se também analisar esse universo a partir de reflexões embasadas na Teoria dos Dois Circuitos da Economia Urbana (SANTOS, 2004), focando neste segmento específico do Circuito Inferior e em suas relações com o Circuito Superior, assim como com os órgãos públicos de fiscalização e controle. Oscilando entre táticas de territorialização e lugarização (SERPA, 2019), frente às estratégias de requalificação urbana dos poderes públicos, comerciantes e prestadores de serviços de rua se veem ameaçados em seus espaços de trabalho na capital baiana, em um momento de agravamento do desemprego em Salvador e no estado da Bahia.
Maximum Pressure, Minimum Deal: President Trump’s Trade War with a Rising China*
Authors: Janusch Holger , Lorberg Daniel
Published: October 2020

In the context of the American decline, President Trump’s trade war toward a rising China fits into the pattern of a declining hegemon, as predicted by hegemonic stability theory. Trump’s trade policy is driven by his view of trade as a zero-sum game, his fixation on the trade deficit, and his “maximum pressure” negotiation approach. The result - the “phase one” deal - seems to be a trade ceasefire rather than a lasting trade peace between the declining hegemon and its ascending challenger because it stands on a shaky foundation. This “phase one” deal does not address the structural problems in the US-Sino trade relation. Moreover, its goals are unrealistic, and it is built upon a dispute settlement that favors deal determination over rule-based conflict resolution.
Strafrecht Besonderer Teil II
Authors: Kindhäuser Urs , Böse Martin
Published: October 2020

Ziel des Buches ist die Vermittlung gründlicher Kenntnisse auf dem Gebiet des Vermögensstrafrechts. Der Schwerpunkt liegt in der Gesetzesauslegung. Historische und kriminologische Bezüge kommen nur zur Sprache, wenn dies für das Verständnis einer Norm oder eines Lehrsatzes unumgänglich erscheint. Die dogmatischen Teile sind knapp gehalten, wenn sich hinter einem Lehrsatz keine Streitfrage mit nennenswerten Konsequenzen für die Normanwendung verbirgt. Dagegen sind diejenigen Teile umfangreich erläutert, in denen mehr oder minder umstrittene Lehrsätze mit praktischen Auswirkungen dargestellt werden. Neben dem Pflichtstoff sind auch solche Delikte, die – wie z.B. die Insolvenzstraftaten – für den universitären Schwerpunktbereich im Strafrecht bedeutsam sein können, ausführlich behandelt.

Für die 11. Auflage wurde das Lehrbuch durchgehend aktualisiert und überarbeitet. Neu mit aufgenommen wurden

Novelle zum Subventionsbetrug,

"Containern" als Diebstahl,

abgenötigte Geldüberlassung am Geldautomaten als Raub,

Computerbetrug beim kontaktlosen Bezahlen,

Tatbestandsirrtum bei der Vorenthaltung von Sozialversicherungsbeiträgen,

Hehlerei durch Sich-Verschaffen bei täuschungsbedingtem Einvernehmen mit dem Vortäter.
Arms Export Controls under Siege of Globalisation
Authors: Helferich John N. T.
Published: October 2020

While defence industrial production is increasingly transnationalised, the control of arms exports still takes place almost exclusively on a national level. With the example of the German export control regime, this work analyses if the current situation yields arms export control risks that could undermine German security policy principles. Furhermore, inferences about IR theory are drawn based on the current regulation and its implementation. Looking at three particular case studies, this work finds that transnational production and trade indeed creates a number of arms diversion risks, however, these risks are predominantly a result of political choice rather than a phenomenon of hyper-globalisation. This work contributes to key discourses in International Security.
Smart contracts as an innovation in insurance law
Authors: Đurović Andrea
Published: October 2020

One of the major current topics and one of the major innovations in the contract law, as well as in insurance law is the invention of the smart contracts. The author is basing her research on use of smart contract in insurance law and what are the main legal issues arising from the use of smart contract. In her paper, the author points out that the implementation of the smart contract in insurance law will greatly affect all participants in insurance contract and a significant step forward in improving the level of protection of insurance users (consumers), although it takes time and readiness of European and domestic legislators to create a special regulatory framework so that smart contract can reach its potential.
Contractual liability of a project engineer
Authors: Jovanović Dimitrije
Published: October 2020

The paper focuses on the contractual liability of a project engineer and the consulting engineer, which means that misdemeanour and criminal liability will be neglected, as well as the moral duties that these persons have as members of an autonomous organization (in Serbia, it is the Serbian Chamber of Engineers). Non-contractual (tort) liability also remained outside the scope of the paper. The project engineer and consulting engineer are professionals - an architectural engineer, so a high degree of attention is required of them, expressed through the legal standard of a good expert. The requirement is that the project engineer acts independently, which means that he is not an employee and that he does not perform his work for the employer. There is no employment contract between the project engineer and the client. He assumes his obligation arbitrarily, by concluding a contract with the client. As neither the contract for the design of the building nor the contract for the supervision of the performing of works are regulated by the Law on Obligations, the content of the contract is left to the contracting parties. The aim of this paper is to determine the basis of contractual liability for the main obligations that project engineer and consulting engineer assume. The paper also focuses on trying to define the origin and basis of liability for the soundness of the building.
Development of gel for Aedes aegypti repellent with combination of cinnamon oil (Cinnamomum burmannii Blume) and fennel oil (Foeniculum vulgare Mill)
Authors: Sohipah Evah , Purba Anny , Djamil Ratna
Published: October 2020

Background/Aim: Aim of this study was to develop efficient mosquito repellent by combining fennel oil (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) and cinnamon oil (Cinnamomum burmannii Blume) in a gel preparation form. Methods: Effectiveness of each oil and its combination as viral repellents was tested by the World Health Organization's Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) method. Repellent was prepared in gel form. Evaluation of gel preparation included organoleptic properties, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, flow properties, acute skin irritation test and effectiveness test as mosquito repellent. Results: The mosquito protection test for cinnamon oil showed that cinnamon oil was most effective at concentration of 15 % (96.85 %), and fennel oil at 24 % concentration (79.26 %). Within 6 hours, gel made of 24 % fennel oil and 15 % cinnamon oil combination gave protection against 53.49 % mosquitoes. Conclusion: The combination of cinnamon oil and fennel oil can be formulated into gel form with satisfying physical and chemical characteristics and effectiveness against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes for 6 hours.
The concept and competitiveness of agile organization in the fourth industrial revolution's drift
Authors: Balog Katalin
Published: October 2020

Corporate competitiveness is constantly being shaped by the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the explosive development of technology, the globalization and the hyper-competition. The VUCA status has now become a permanent reality: volatility and complexity cannot be traced to traditional corporate operations. The Industry 4.0 projects a physical, a digital and a biological megatrend such as advanced robotics, artificial intelligence, new materials, personalized healing, self-driving cars. Through usage of the resources and knowledge sharing, the global economy is experiencing mutations such as the sharing economy, the peer to peer economy, the gig economy in the labor market and the Big Data in planning. Meanwhile, the disruptive innovations are transforming industries and gaining exponentially competitive advantage. The special business concepts were born and whom cannot be handled by models of classic macro and micro economics: the largest taxi company in the world does not own any taxicab (Uber), the largest accommodation company does not own any property (Airbnb), the largest telecommunication company has no infrastructure (Skype), the world's most valuable retailer has no inventory (Alibaba), the most popular media doesn't create its own content (Facebook), the world's largest cinema doesn't have its own movie (Netflix). In the meantime, those are treasuring huge profits, business influence and information capital. The competitiveness of their agile way of working can be proved. These call for changes not only in the market, but also in organizational and individual terms. An adaptive corporate structure and leadership, a self-organizing group, an agile working method hold companies in the direction of growing track and changes in the future. My research about discovering some aspects of agile way of working versus traditional organization work. My hypothesis is that employees are more motivated, effective and committed in an agile team than in a classic hierarchy or matrix. I added own business and project-based worker as their flexible, effective work is a must. My hypotheses are partially fulfilled.
Study of low-temperature isothermal annealing in the PM Cu-Pt alloys after plastic deformation
Authors: Marković Ivana , Mladenović Marijana , Ivanov Svetlana , Gusković Dragoslav , Stamenković Uroš , Grekulović Vesna , Manasijević Dragan
Published: October 2020

The investigation was performed on pure sintered (PM) copper and dilute PM copper-based alloys with 3 and 5.9 wt.% of platinum. Investigated PM samples were obtained using the standard powder metallurgy technique by mixing the elemental powders in proper ratio followed by pressing in hydraulic press and sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere. The PM samples were further cold deformed by rolling at ambient temperature to a total rolling reduction of 60 %. On pre-deformed samples, the low-temperature isothermal annealing up to the 100 hours was accomplished. During all stages of isothermal annealing, the values of Vickers hardness, micro-hardness, and electrical conductivity were measured. Also, the microstructure was analyzed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This investigation has shown a slight increase in all measured properties for both dilute Cu-Pt alloys. An increase in mechanical properties was some more pronounced for more alloyed Cu-5.9wt%Pt alloy. During the low-temperature isothermal annealing, there were no significant changes in properties for pure pre-deformed copper.
Air duct modification towards outlet pressure drop and vibration level reduction
Authors: Trninić Marta , Rašuo Boško , Dinulović Mirko
Published: October 2020

In this work complete methodology for calculation and analysis of fluid flow in air ducts is presented. In order to minimize outlet pressure drop and to reduce the duct vibrations the plates with airfoil cross sections are added to duct critical zones. It was observed that airfoil stream plates efficiently contribute to outlet pressure drop, duct vibration and noise reduction. Modern methods such as CFD and FEA can be efficiently deployed in numerical treatise of flow and vibration analysis in air ducts.
DeepFake video production and SIFT-based analysis
Authors: Đorđević Miljan , Milivojević Milan , Gavrovska Ana
Published: October 2020

Nowadays advantages in face-based modification using DeepFake algorithms made it possible to replace a face of one person with a face of another person. Thus, it is possible to make not only copy-move modifications, but to implement artificial intelligence and deep learning for replacing face movements from one person to another. Still images can be converted into video sequences. Consequently, the contemporaries, historical figures or even animated characters can be lively presented. Deepfakes are becoming more and more successful and it is difficult to detect them in some cases. In this paper we explain the video sequences we produced (e.g. using X2Face method, and First Order Motion Model for Image Animation) and perform deepfake video analysis using SIFT (Scale Invariant Feature Transform) based approach. The experiments show the simplicity in video forgery production, as well as the possible role of SIFT keypoints detection in differentiation between the deeply forged and original video content.
Development of ADAS perception applications in ROS and "Software-In-the-Loop" validation with CARLA simulator
Authors: Stević Stevan , Krunić Momčilo , Dragojević Marko , Kaprocki Nives
Published: October 2020

Higher levels of autonomous driving are bringing sophisticated requirements and unpredicted challenges. In order to solve these problems, the set of functionalities in modern vehicles is growing in terms of algorithmic complexity and required hardware. The risk of testing implemented solutions in real world is high, expensive and time consuming. This is the reason for virtual automotive simulation tools for testing are heavily acclaimed. Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) use these tools to create closed sense, compute, act loop to have realistic testing scenarios. Production software is tested against simulated sensing data. Based on these inputs a set of actions is produced and simulated which generates consequences that are evaluated. This creates a possibility for OEMs to minimize design errors and optimize costs of the vehicle production before any physical prototypes are produced. This paper presents the development of simple C++/Python perception applications that can be used in driver assistance functionalities. Using ROS as a prototyping platform these applications are validated and tested with "Software-In-the Loop" (SIL) method. CARLA simulator is used as a generator for input data and output commands of the autonomous platform are executed as simulated actions within simulator. Validation is done by connecting Autoware autonomous platform with CARLA simulator in order to test against various scenes in which applications are applicable. Vision based lane detection, which is one of the prototypes, is also tested in a real world scenario to demonstrate the applicability of algorithms developed with simulators to real-time processing
The Battle Between Politics and Science Is Costing Us a Timely Victory Over the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hahn Marc B.
Published: October 2020

Against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, the author discusses what he views as a persistent tension between the nature and aims of politics vs science. He outlines a call to action for osteopathic physicians to stand with science, advocate for best practices, undertake dialogue with local and state health authorities, and act as role models for colleagues and patients alike.
Proximate Analysis and Evolution of Energy Value from Leaves and Stem of Sword Fern: Nephrolepis exaltata
Authors: Sharma Deepak Kumar , Dave R. S. , Shah K. R.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of present study was to prognosticate the amount of each nutrient in the Arial parts of sword fern “Nephrolepis exaltata”. The study was conducted at Sarva Vidhyalaya Campus, Kadi, Gujarat (India) during the period of December-2019 to March-2020. The prognostication of nutritive component including ash%, moisture%, Crude Protein%, Crude Fat%, Crude fibers% and Carbohydrate was taken from AOAC and Standard Lowry method for estimation of protein. The proximate analysis indicates the monumental presence of crude protein and carbohydrates, moderate presence of crude lipid and fibers. The ash content was 8.65% and 12.42% in leaves and stem respectively, which manifests the existence of inorganic minerals. The Crude protein was recorded as 21.25% and 30.0% in leaves and stems respectively, whereas the crude lipid was 8.41% and 1.47% respectively. The leaves and stems were found to be a good source of energy value with 359.766 Kcal/100 gm and 313.266 Kcal/100 gm respectively.
Regional classification maps for engineered natural ventilation design of office buildings in Japan
Authors: Hiyama Kyosuke
Published: October 2020

Natural ventilation is an essential component of green building design. Thoughtful consideration of natural ventilation in the early stages of building design is important for its successful integration. In this paper, we suggest the utilization of regional classification maps. Two maps are presented: a map of target air change rates for natural ventilation and a map of the total hours in which natural ventilation can be used throughout the year. The target air change rate is defined as the point at which the slope of the increase in the cooling effect due to natural ventilation reaches a maximum, and the proposed maps show the distributions of the target air change rate in Japan. The total natural ventilation hours are determined by calculating the period during which the outdoor air is usable for natural ventilation. The maps were created based on 836 points of weather data from Japan. These maps can help architects and building engineers understand the effects expected from natural ventilation system integration during the process of decision making in the early stages of building design.
Rational Design of Core‐Shell ZnTe@N‐Doped Carbon Nanowires for High Gravimetric and Volumetric Alkali Metal Ion Storage
Authors: Zhang Shuanggui , Qiu Lifeng , Zheng Yang , Shi Qiufan , Zhou Tengfei , Sencadas Vitor , Xu Yuling , Zhang Shilin , Zhang Longhai , Zhang Chaofeng , Zhang Chuan‐Ling , Yu Shu‐Hong , Guo Zaiping
Published: October 2020

Among the various semiconductor materials, zinc telluride possesses the lowest electron affinity and ultrafast charge separation capability, facilitating improved charge transfer kinetics. In addition, ZnTe has a relatively high density, contributing to high volumetric capacity. Here, 1D N‐doped carbon‐coated ZnTe core‐shell nanowires (ZnTe@C) are designed and prepared via a facile ion‐exchange and carbonization technique. When evaluated as anode for metal ion batteries, it demonstrates superior electrochemical performance in both Li and Na ion storage, including high gravimetric and volumetric capacities (1119 mA h g−1 and 906 mA h cm−3, respectively, at 100 mA g−1 for Li ion storage), excellent high‐rate capability, and long‐term cycling stability. This remarkable electrochemical performance is attributed to the low electron affinity and high density of ZnTe, and the amorphous nature of the N‐doped carbon layer in the heterostructured ZnTe@C nanowires, which not only provide fast charge transfer paths, but also effectively maintain the structural and electrical integrity of the ZnTe. The strategy of embedding high density and high‐performance active materials in highly conductive nanostructures represents an effective way of achieving electrode materials with excellent gravimetric and volumetric capacities towards superior energy storage systems.
Untethered Feel‐Through Haptics Using 18‐µm Thick Dielectric Elastomer Actuators
Authors: Ji Xiaobin , Liu Xinchang , Cacucciolo Vito , Civet Yoan , El Haitami Alae , Cantin Sophie , Perriard Yves , Shea Herbert
Published: October 2020

Head‐mounted displays for virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) allow users to see highly realistic virtual worlds. The wearable haptics that enable feeling and touching these virtual objects are typically bulky, tethered, and provide only low fidelity feedback. A particularly challenging type of wearable human‐machine interface is feel‐through haptics: ultra‐thin wearables so soft as to be mechanically imperceptible when turned off, yet generating sufficient force when actuated to make virtual objects feel tangible, or to change the perceived texture of a physical object. Here, 18 µm thick soft dielectric elastomer actuators (DEA), directly applied on the skin, reports rich vibrotactile feedback generation from 1 Hz to 500 Hz. Users correctly identifies different frequency and sequence patterns with success rates from 73 to 97% for devices applied on their fingertips. An untethered version weighing only 1.3 grams allowed blindfolded users to correctly identify letters by “seeing” them through their fingers. The silicone‐based DEA membrane is mechanically transparent, enabling wearable haptics for the many applications where hand dexterity is critical. The feel‐through DEA can be placed in array format anywhere on the body.
Discovery of Real‐Space Topological Ferroelectricity in Metallic Transition Metal Phosphides
Authors: Wei Xian‐Kui , Bihlmayer Gustav , Zhou Xiaodong , Feng Wanxiang , Kolen'ko Yury V. , Xiong Dehua , Liu Lifeng , Blügel Stefan , Dunin‐Borkowski Rafal E.
Published: October 2020

Ferroelectric metals—with coexisting ferroelectricity and structural asymmetry—challenge traditional perceptions because free electrons screen electrostatic forces between ions, the driving force of breaking the spatial inversion symmetry. Despite ferroelectric metals having been unveiled one after another, topologically switchable polar objects with metallicity have never been identified so far. Here, the discovery of real‐space topological ferroelectricity in metallic and non‐centrosymmetric Ni2P is reported. Protected by the rotation–inversion symmetry operation, it is found that the balanced polarity of alternately stacked polyhedra couples intimately with elemental valence states, which are verified using quantitative electron energy‐loss spectroscopy. First‐principles calculations reveal that an applied in‐plane compressive strain creates a tunable bilinear double‐well potential and reverses the polyhedral polarity on a unit‐cell scale. The dual roles of nickel cations, including polar displacement inside polyhedral cages and a 3D bonding network, facilitate the coexistence of topological polarity with metallicity. In addition, the switchable in‐plane polyhedral polarity gives rise to a spin–orbit‐coupling‐induced spin texture with large momentum‐dependent spin splitting. These findings point out a new direction for exploring valence–polarity–spin correlative interactions via topological ferroelectricity in metallic systems with structural asymmetry.
Nanoscale Measurements of Elastic Properties and Hydrostatic Pressure in H2‐Bulged MoS2 Membranes
Authors: Di Giorgio Cinzia , Blundo Elena , Pettinari Giorgio , Felici Marco , Lu Yuerui , Cucolo Anna Maria , Polimeni Antonio , Bobba Fabrizio
Published: October 2020

The combination of extremely high stiffness and bending flexibility with tunable electrical and optical properties makes van der Waals transition metal dichalcogenides appealing both for fundamental science and applied research. By taking advantage of localized H2‐bulged MoS2 membranes, an innovative approach, based on atomic force microscopy nanoindentation, is demostrated and discussed here, aiming at measuring elastic and thermodynamic properties of nanoblisters made of 2D materials. The results, interpreted in the membrane limit of the Föppl–von Karman equation, lead to the quantification of the internal pressure and mole number of the trapped H2 gas, as well as of the stretching modulus and adhesion energy of the MoS2 membrane. The latter is discussed in the limit of strong (clamped and fully bonded interlayer interface) shear, as experimentally achieved in the investigated H2‐bulged 2D blisters. Moreover, this approach allows to quantify the stress, and consequently the strain, locally imposed to the MoS2 membrane by the bulging of the domes.
Stacked Dual‐Pore Architecture for Deciphering and Manipulating Dynamics of Individual Nanoparticles
Authors: Liao Caizhi , Antaw Fiach , Wuethrich Alain , Trau Matt
Published: October 2020

Understanding the behavior and interactions of nanoscale objects in selected microenvironments represents a great gateway to explore complex processes in nature. Label‐free methods such as resistive‐pulse sensing (RPS) have emerged as the most promising toolkits to decipher the characteristics of nano‐entities, nanoparticles in particular, with single molecular resolution. However, current single pore systems are inapplicable for sensing and controlling simultaneously single nanoparticles in motion. Here, two‐photon nanolithography to create vertically stacked RPS dual‐pores with precise 3D structure is proposed for the first time. The prepared dual‐pores afford time of flight analysis to finely decipher the molecular dynamics in terms of nanoparticle transport velocities and inter‐particle coupling effects. By further optimizing the 3D pore geometry, it is demonstrated that these dual‐pores can be applied for single nanoparticle capture and release studies.
Ultrahigh Power Output from Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Serrated Electrode via Spark Discharge
Authors: Kim Jihye , Cho Hanchul , Han Maeum , Jung Young , Kwak Sung Soo , Yoon Hong‐Joon , Park Byunggeon , Kim Hyeok , Kim Hyoungjae , Park Jinhyoung , Kim Sang‐Woo
Published: October 2020

An ultrahigh power output from a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with a serrated electrode in a low‐frequency contact‐separation mode which is able to directly drive high voltage‐operating devices without the need for an external power supply is demonstrated. When a serrated electrode‐based TENG (SE‐TENG) is driven, the microstructurally serrated electrode creates a spark discharge in the gap between the serrated electrode and a wire, resulting in tremendously boosted triboelectric power output. Based on the spark discharge phenomenon, a boost adaptor is designed to secondarily boost the triboelectric power output performance, and consequently an ultrahigh triboelectric output voltage of 5 kV and current density of 2 A m−2 are achieved. The boost adaptor concept can be applied to any typical TENG for achieving higher power‐generating performance. Finally, two high voltage applications, a Crookes tube and plasma generation, are demonstrated using the SE‐TENG and boost adaptor without any external power supply equipment. The ultrahigh power‐generating SE‐TENG based on the spark discharge phenomenon occurring in the unique electrode structure has considerable potential to operate high voltage applications directly in harsh environments where electricity cannot be supplied.
A spectral approach of suspending solid particles in a turbulent stirred vessel
Authors: Giacomelli Jason J. , Van den Akker Harry E. A.
Published: October 2020

The 2015 Grenville‐Mak‐Brown (GMB) correlation for predicting the just suspended condition assumes that the length scale of the suspending eddy is equivalent to the particle diameter. This article investigates the role of the time scale of the relevant eddies with respect to the particle response time. The local turbulence just above the tank bottom is gauged by means of single‐phase LESs at the just suspended conditions determined in new experiments in dilute suspensions. By means of a novel nondimensional Suspension number we found that the relevant suspending eddies in the inertial subrange are 1.2–1.5 times larger than the particle size while the required eddy time scale is of the order of two times the particle response time. Further, we concluded that the mean energy dissipation rate is a suitable approximation of the local energy responsible for suspension. These results do not impact the effectiveness of the GMB correlation.
Intraspecific variability in human maxillary bone modeling patterns during ontogeny
Authors: Schuh Alexandra , Gunz Philipp , Villa Chiara , Kupczik Kornelius , Hublin Jean‐Jacques , Freidline Sarah E.
Published: October 2020

Objectives

This study compares the ontogenetic bone modeling patterns of the maxilla to the related morphological changes in three human populations to better understand how morphological variability within a species is established during ontogeny at both micro‐ and macroscopic levels.

Materials and methods

The maxillary bones of an ontogenetic sample of 145 subadult and adult individuals from Greenland (Inuit), Western Europe (France, Germany, and Portugal), and South Africa (Khoekhoe and San) were analyzed. Bone formation and resorption were quantified using histological methods to visualize the bone modeling patterns. In parallel, semilandmark geometric morphometric techniques were used on 3D models of the same individuals to capture the morphological changes. Multivariate statistics were applied and shape differences between age groups were visualized through heat maps.

Results

The three populations show differences in the degree of shape change acquired during ontogeny, leading to divergences in the developmental trajectories. Only subtle population differences in the bone modeling patterns were found, which were maintained throughout ontogeny. Bone resorption in adults mirrors the pattern found in subadults, but is expressed at lower intensities.

Discussion

Our data demonstrate that maxillary morphological differences observed in three geographically distinct human populations are also reflected at the microscopic scale. However, we suggest that these differences are mostly driven by changes in rates and timings of the cellular activities, as only slight discrepancies in the location of bone resorption could be observed. The shared general bone modeling pattern is likely characteristic of all Homo sapiens, and can be observed throughout ontogeny.
Postoperative placement of an anti‐fibrotic poly L‐lactide electrospun fibrous membrane after sinus surgery
Authors: Zhang Tao , Wang Wei , Cheng Ruoyu , Tang Ziying , Chen Zhengming , Cui Wenguo , Lian Bijun , Zheng Hongliang , Tang Haihong
Published: October 2020

Background

Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is used to treat chronic rhinosinusitis. However, nasal adhesions often develop postoperatively, triggered by chronic inflammation and local fibrosis. A poly L‐lactide (PLLA) electrospun microfibrous membrane is a functional biodegradable material that can be placed on the wound surface to protect the wound and prevent adhesions.

Methods

We divided 24 rabbits randomly into 2 groups, a control operation group (group A) and an operation+PLLA placement group (group B). We investigated the anti‐fibrotic effects of the topical biomaterial after sinus surgery. We placed PLLA fibrous membranes in the sinus cavity of group B rabbits after sinus surgery, and then evaluated changes in the mucosa and in the levels of collagen fibers, interleukin 4 (IL‐4), IL‐8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1), α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), and collagen I (Col I), using morphological and molecular biological methods.

Results

PLLA fibrous membranes did not inhibit the synthesis of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) encoding IL‐4, IL‐8, or TNF‐α, or the protein levels, indicating that the membrane did not have an anti‐inflammatory effect. However, the membrane inhibited the synthesis of mRNAs encoding TGF‐β1, α‐SMA, and Col I, and reduced collagen production. Thus, the nanostructured membrane inhibited fibroblast proliferation.

Conclusion

The PLLA membrane had anti‐fibrotic effects, and may be used to prevent fibrosis and adhesions after ESS in human patients.