bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computer-assisted discovery and rational synthesis of ternary oxides
Authors: Montoya Joseph , Grimley Carolyn , Aykol Muratahan , Ophus Colin , Sternlicht Hadas , Savitzky Benjamin H. , Minor Andrew M. , Torrisi Steven , Goedjen Jackson , Chung Ching-Chang , Comstock Andrew , Sun Shijing
Published: April 2023

Exploratory synthesis has been the main generator of new inorganic materials for decades. However, our Edisonian and bias-prone processes of synthetic exploration alone are no longer sufficient in an age that demands rapid advances in materials development. In this work, we demonstrate one of the first end-to-end attempts towards systematic, computer-aided discovery and laboratory synthesis of inorganic crystalline compounds as a modern alternative to purely exploratory synthesis. Our approach initializes materials discovery campaigns by autonomously mapping the synthetic feasibility of a chemical system using density functional theory with AI feedback. Following expert-driven down-selection of newly generated phases, we use solid-state synthesis and in situ characterization via hot-stage X-ray diffraction in order to realize new ternary oxide phases experimentally. We applied this strategy in six ternary transition-metal oxide chemistries previously considered well-explored, one of which culminated in the discovery of two novel phases of calcium ruthenates. Detailed characterization using room temperature X-ray powder diffraction, 4D-STEM and SQUID measurements identify the structure, composition and confirm distinct properties, including distinct defect concentrations, of one of the new phases formed in our experimental campaigns. While the discovery of a new material guided by AI and DFT theory represents a milestone, our procedure and results also highlight a number of critical gaps in the process that can inform future efforts towards the improvement of AI-coupled methodologies, which are discussed.
DNA-based Signaling Networks for Transient Colloidal Co-Assemblies
Authors: Sharma Charu , Samanta Avik , Schmidt Ricarda , Walther Andreas
Published: April 2023

Programmable chemical circuits inspired by the signaling networks in living cells are a promising approach for the development of adaptive and autonomous self-assembling molecular systems and material functions. Progress has been made at the molecular level, but connecting molecular control circuits to self-assembling larger elements such as colloids that enable real-space studies and access to functional materials is sparse and can suffer from kinetic traps, flocculation, or difficult system integration protocols. Here we report a toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement reaction network capable of autonomously directing two different microgels into transient and self-regulating co-assemblies. The microgels are functionalized with DNA and become elemental components of the network. The flexibility of the circuit design allows the installation of delay phases or accelerators by chaining additional circuit modules upstream or downstream of the core circuit. The design provides an adaptable and robust route to regulate other building blocks for advanced biomimetic functions.
Predicting nearest neighbor free energies of modified RNA with LIE: Results for pseudouridine and N1-psethylpseudouridine within RNA duplexes
Authors: Dutta Nivedita , Sarzynska Joanna , Deb Indrajit , Lahiri Ansuman
Published: April 2023

Pseudouridine and N1-methylpseudouridine are the key modifications in the field of mRNA therapeutics and vaccine research. The accuracy of the design and development of therapeutic RNAs containing such modifications requires the accuracy of the secondary structure prediction, that depends on the nearest neighbor (NN) thermodynamic parameters for the standard and modified residues. The development of such NN thermodynamic parameters requires expensive and time-consuming experimental studies. There were some earlier attempts to predict the NN free energies of modified RNA using computational methods but those are either computationally expensive or not accurate enough. Here, we propose a new protocol based on MD simulations, which is able to predict the NN free energy parameters (ΔG◦37) for U-A, Ψ-A and m1Ψ-A pairs in general agreement with the recent experimental reports. We report the NN thermodynamic parameters for different U, Ψ and m1Ψ base pairs, which might be helpful for a deeper understanding of the effect of these modifications in RNA. The presence of m1Ψ resulted in more stable NN pairs compared to those containing U or Ψ. The predicted NN free energy parameters in this study are able to closely reproduce the folding free energies of duplexes containing internal Ψ for which the thermodynamic data were available. Additionally, we report the predicted folding free energies for the duplexes containing internal m1Ψ.
Comparative Study on Effect of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation and Facial Motor Imagery Techniques on Bell’s Palsy
Authors: BN Prem Kumar , Sherin U Hitha
Published: April 2023

Background Bellrsquos palsy BP was effectively treated with few physiotherapy approaches exercises and electrical stimulation. Studies have identified that Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation PNF Facial Motor Imagery FMI can manage disabilities of BP better. However no trials have compared the effect of PNF and FMI on BP. The objective of the study is to analyze and compare PNF and FMI in the recovery of impairment disability and facial nerve function in patients with BP.Methodology Forty-two patients with Bellrsquos palsy HB IV were recruited. The patients were divided into two groups. Group A received PNF and group B received FMI techniques and all the patients were treated with facial expression exercises and electrical stimulation for five days in a week for four weeks. The outcome measures like Facial Disability Index FDI Facial-Clinimetric Evaluation FaCE and House-Brackmann HB scale were implemented. Pre-and post intervention scores were recorded respectively.Results The analysis of the scores of HB FDI FaCE scales showed progressive changes in both the groups with 95 confidence interval plt0.001. PNF group exhibited greater recovery in comparison with motor imagery group in HB scale 2.24 to 2.71CI vs 1.29 to 1.76 CI respectively reduction in disability according to FDI physical sub scale 50.70 to53.10 CI vs 32.41 to 44.06 respectively and social sub-scale 37.11 to 41.74 vs 13.76 to 27.66 respectively scores and improved quality of life in terms of FaCE 32.08 to 37.44 vs17.47 to 25.39 respectively scores.Conclusion Both PNF and FMI are efficacious in minimizing the facial disability improving facial nerve function and enhancing the quality of life in patients with BP. The results of the statistical analysis showed that PNF increased effectiveness in the management of Bells palsy in comparison with FMI.
Identification of Movement Dysfunction in Cervicogenic Headaches
Authors: Chiluveri Jyoti , Aaron Pravin
Published: April 2023

Background Upper cervical region mainly plays an important role in cervicogenic headaches. The measurement of cervical rotation supposedly a part of cervical spine can be used as a clinical methodology for differential diagnosis. In this study Selective Functional Movement Assessment SFMA scale has been used to identify impaired mobility in cervical spine. Since there are limited studies to identify movement disorders associated with cervical headache further research to determine dysfunctional movement patterns in cervical segment may provide an accurate approach towards diagnosis and treatment of cervicogenic headache.Method Two hundred forty healthy subjects aged 18 to 66 years were assigned to the study after meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each subject was assessed using seven top-tier SFMA tests to identify any type of pre-existing movement disorder.Result The interpretation of this study is more or less likely in both genders male and female. Subjects with cervicogenic headache showed significant movement dysfunction in cervical flexion CF with dysfunctional painful movement DPM Upper extremity pattern-2 UEP-2 with functionally painful movement FPM and Cervical Extension CE with dysfunctional non-painful movement.Conclusion The study shows that most of cervicogenic headaches are susceptible to musculoskeletal and movement dysfunctions with growing age. The operative use of the SFMA as a system or tool used to qualitatively evaluate movement at initial examination and to direct subsequent intervention choices would be helpful.
Extended Scope of Practioner in Physiotherapy
Authors: Pearlson K Prof.
Published: April 2023

None
Effect of Physical Therapy and Yoga on Quality of Life in Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy – A Randomised Comparative Study
Authors: Dhargave Pradnya , Atchayaram Nalini , Thomas James Tittu , Sendhilkumar Raghupathy , Raghuram Nagarathna , R Raju Trichur , N Sathyaprabha Talakad
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives Quality of life QOL of the individuals suffering from Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy DMD was found to be reduced due to the chronicity and progressive nature of the illness and the intensity of disability. We intended to identify whether physical therapy and yoga intervention has an effect on the QOL in patients with DMD.Methods Patients diagnosed with DMD in the age group of five to ten years were randomly allocated to two groups. Group 1 was managed with two sessions of physical therapy whereas group 2 received one session of yoga and physical therapy. Quality of life status was measured using Pediatric quality of life PedsQL neuromuscular module. Intervention was continued for a period of one year as a home based program with assessments done during the first visit and at every three months till one year.Results Homogeneity was maintained between the groups with regard to the age p0.578 and duration of the disease p0.312. There was a significant time effect in group I for lsquoMy neuromuscular diseasersquo sub-score and the total score whereas group II demonstrated significant time effect for lsquoMy neuromuscular diseasersquo subscore alone p lt0.05. A reduction in scores was observed for communication family resources and total score in group II demonstrating a negative effect.Conclusion Two physiotherapy sessions in a day are beneficial in improving the quality of life status in patients with DMD. Yoga was also an acceptable way of treatment in children with DMD as the caretakers participated in the sessions along with them.nbsp
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) of Exercise among Physiotherapy Students in Gujarat State
Authors: Ramalingam Alagappan Thangamani , Avaiya Minal , Hania Vandana , Gohil Rima , Ladani Vruchita
Published: April 2023

Background Physical inactivity is becoming an epidemic causing a slew of illnesses. A healthy service provider can play a good modelling role in preaching exercise and its importance to needy individuals in their practice. Therefore this study was carried out in Gujarat India among undergraduate or postgraduate physiotherapy students to understand the ground level facts regarding the knowledge attitude and practice of exercise.Methodology A survey research was conducted using Google forms from January 2021 to March 2021. A total number of 303 participants were included from 72 colleges. Participants were asked to complete a validated knowledge attitude and practice KAP questionnaire via online survey.Results In the present study the study participants agreed that exercise improves their health and fitness levels and the causes responsible for not completing regular exercise at intervals were found to be job load lack of partner for exercise tiredness or lack of enthusiasm. Participants who did not frequently exercise thought that exercise was demanding and caused strain and tiredness. It was also observed that aerobics and yoga walking and strength training were chosen as favourite routine exercises.Conclusion Physiotherapy students were fully aware of the advantages and drawbacks of exercise. In general they chose to exercise at home while self-monitoring.
Oversampling Sintetis Berbasis Kopula untuk Model Klasifikasi dengan Data yang Tidak Seimbang
Authors: Pratikto Fransiscus Rian
Published: April 2023

Model klasifikasi berbasis pembelajaran mesin untuk mendeteksi anomali biasanya didasarkan pada data dengan proporsi yang tidak seimbang. Proporsi data anomali biasanya jauh lebih kecil dibandingkan proporsi data non anomali. Ketidakseimbangan data menyebabkan model klasifikasi lebih banyak melakukan pembelajaran dengan data non anomali sehingga model bisa bias. Salah satu metode yang banyak digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini adalah oversampling sintetis. Oversampling sintetis umumnya didasarkan pada jarak dan didominasi metode berbasis k-Nearest Neighbor. Secara umum, pola data bisa berdasarkan jarak atau hubungan korelasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan menawarkan metode oversampling sintetis berdasarkan hubungan korelasional dalam bentuk distribusi probabilitas bersama dari data aslinya. Distribusi probabilitas bersama direpresentasikan dengan kopula Gaussian, sedangkan distribusi probabilitas marjinalnya direpresentasikan menggunakan tiga alternatf distribusi, yaitu sistem distribusi Pearson, distribusi empiris, dan sistem distribusi Metalog. Metode ini dibandingkan dengan beberapa metode oversampling lain yang umum digunakan untuk data yang tidak seimbang. Implementasi dilakukan dalam masalah kredit macet nasabah kartu kredit di suatu bank dengan metode klasifikasi k-Nearest Neighbor dengan ukuran kinerja akurasi total dengan metode validasi k-fold cross validation. Didapati bahwa model klasifikasi dengan metode oversampling usulan menggunakan distribusi marjinal Metalog memiliki akurasi total tertinggi.
Analisis Ergonomi Kursi Kereta Api: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Astuti Rahmaniyah Dwi
Published: April 2023

Kereta api merupakan salah satu moda transportasi massal dari segi volume penumpang yang banyak diminati masyarakat Indonesia karena memiliki harga yang cukup terjangkau. Namun, kursi penumpang saat ini belum memperhitungkan pengukuran antropometri untuk masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari penggunaan standar UIC yang digunakan sebagai standar pembuatan kursi kereta api. Antropometri adalah ilmu yang berurusan dengan pengukuran tubuh manusia yang digunakan unutk menentukan perbedaan antara individu, kelompok, dll. Perancangan kursi penumpang yang ergonomis akan berpengaruh baik pada dua pihak baik perusahaan maupun pengguna. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui manfaat dari penerapan ergonomi bagi aktivitas industri penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan systematic literature review terhadap 20 article dan paper pada rentang tahun 2012-2022. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah terdapat banyak aktivitas industri yang menerapkan ergonomi untuk mencapai kenyamanan dan manfaat dari penerapan ergonomi adalah rekomendasi desain baru dan pengembangan desain, mengetahui hubungan getaran dan energi terhadap kenyamanan, pengurangan ketidaknyamanan, kegiatan yang mempengaruhi kenyamanan, kemampuan memperkirakan ukuran tubuh, mengetahui resiko penyakit yang muncul, dan mengetahui tingkat kepentingan ergonomi.
La creación editorial de las grandes armas italianas de la Monarquía Hispánica en la edición del Rerum Medicarum… (Roma, 1628)
Authors: Francisco Olmos José María de
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo se estudia cómo se crearon lo que podemos denominar grandes armas de la Monarquía Hispánica o de los reyes de España para su uso exclusivo en Italia en la industria editorial, sus antecedentes y su correcta explicación e identificación, abordando el tema de la problemática investigación heráldica en los estudios de las ediciones, en este caso de la época de los Austrias
Ejecutorias de hidalguía y probanzas ad perpetuam rei memoriam. Los documentos iluminados y su funcionalidad: estudio del manuscrito MSS/11720 de la Biblioteca Nacional de España
Authors: Cabrera Vázquez Macarena
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo constituye una aproximación al estudio de las cartas ejecutorias de hidalguía y probanzas ad perpetuam rei memoriam, su producción, materialidad y valor artístico y su funcionalidad como documento diplomático, a través del manuscrito MSS/11720 de la Biblioteca Nacional de España. Dicho manuscrito perteneció a los Praves, una importante familia de arquitectos del Clasicismo vallisoletano que lo encargó, ornamentó y custodió antes de pasar a formar parte de la biblioteca nobiliaria de Juan Alfonso de Guerra y Sandoval, rey de armas y cronista de Felipe V.
María Beatriz de Austria-Este, escritora desconocida: aproximación bio-bibliográfica a su obra anónima
Authors: Lizarraga Pérez de Zabalza Silvia
Published: April 2023

Nadie discute que la humildad es una virtud, pero en ocasiones el exceso de humildad conduce al anonimato. Este es el camino que ha seguido la producción literaria de María Beatriz de Austria-Este, princesa de Módena, quien, confinada voluntariamente en conventos de clausura de Austria e Italia durante treinta y cuatro años de su vida, dedicó su tiempo a escribir. Su prolífica obra literaria de carácter religioso, aún hoy, no ha sido recopilada sistemáticamente y su autoría no se reconoce en ninguna de las bibliotecas que la custodian. Este artículo busca dar luz a una escritora italiana del siglo XIX que ha pasado desapercibida para la historia.
Age and Sex Differences in Shot Distribution and Accuracy in International 3x3 Basketball Tournaments
Authors:   Shigakkan University, Department of Sports and Physical Education, Obu, Japan, Madarame Haruhiko
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to (a) investigate shot distribution and accuracy in international 3x3 basketball tournaments by classifying shot attempts into three types (two-point, mid-range, and paint shots) and (b) compare them among age and sex categories (senior men, senior women, under-18 men, and under-18 women). Ninety-one games from the FIBA 3x3 World Cup 2019 and the FIBA 3x3 Under-18 World Cup 2019 were analyzed using a notational analysis method. The Mann-Whitney U test with Benjamini-Hochberg correction was used to compare shot attempts and success rates between categories. There were no sex differences in the success rates of two-point and mid-range shots (p<0.05). However, male teams attempted more two-point shots [senior men vs. senior women, p<0.01, r = 0.40 (medium effect size); under-18 men vs. under-18 women, p<0.01, r = 0.21 (small effect size)] and fewer mid-range shots [senior men vs. senior women, p<0.01, r = 0.36 (medium effect size); under-18 men vs. under-18 women, p<0.01, r = 0.34 (medium effect size)] than female teams. Differences between senior and under-18 teams in shot distribution were only observed in men’s tournaments: senior teams attempted more two-point shots [p<0.01, r = 0.25 (small effect size)] and fewer paint shots [p = 0.04, r = 0.19 (small effect size)] than under-18 teams. Male teams were superior to female teams in terms of scoring efficiency. However, the career transition from youth to senior tournaments may be smoother for girls than boys because of the similarity in the shot selection between under-18 and senior games.
Sünnî Teolojinin Belâ ve Musibet Anlayışına Eleştirel Bir Yaklaşım
Authors: ÖNAL Recep
Published: April 2023

İnsanlık tarih boyunca çeşitli belâ ve musibetlere maruz kalmıştır. Bunun en son örneğini Aralık 2019’da Çin’de ortaya çıkan COVID-19 salgını oluşturmaktadır. Öldürücü vasfıyla insanlığı derin bir korku ve paniğe sevk eden bu salgın karşısında insanlar, ölümün nesnel gerçekliğiyle yüzleşti. Salgına yakalanan, salgın nedeniyle yakınlarını kaybeden, işsiz kalan milyonlarca insan çaresizlik, kaygı ve korku gibi psikolojik travmalara maruz kaldı. Hiç şüphesiz yaşanılan bu buhran dönemi günümüze has bir durum değildir. Tarih boyunca insanlığın çeşitli salgın hastalıklara maruz kaldığı bilinmektedir. Kur’an’da da bu duruma dikkat çekilmekte, tarihin her döneminde insanların çeşitli musibetlerle denendikleri belirtilmektedir. Ayrıca musibetlerin yaşandığı zamanlarda nasıl davranmak gerektiği de açıklanmaktadır. Bu anlamda insanlar musibetlerin bilinen ve bilinmeyen anlamları üzerinde tefekkür etmeye teşvik edilmekte, bunlardan bir kısmının imtihan, bir kısmının ders ve ibret almaya yönelik olduğu belirtilerek, bu tür hadiselerin nasıl anlamlandırılması gerektiğine yönelik bizlere yol gösterilmektedir. Sünnî âlimler de Kur’an’ın bu yaklaşımından hareket ederek, insanların belâ ve musibetleri nasıl yorumlamak gerektiğine dair açıklamalarda bulunmuşlardır. Bu çerçevede belâ ve musibetleri imtihan ve kader çerçevesinde ele almışlardır. Eş‘arîler, Allah’ın mutlak irade ve kudretine bir sınırlama ve eksiklik getirmeme adına musibetlerde belli bir hikmet veya amacın bulunmasını gerekli görmemiş, dünyada iyi ya da kötü olsun var olan her şeyi Allah tercih edip yarattığı için iyi ve güzel kabul etmişlerdir. Allah’ın kudret ve irade sıfatlarını zedelememeye çalışan Mâtürîdîler ise Eş‘ârîlere nispeten daha dengeli bir yol tutarak, ilahî fiillerde belli bir hikmetin ve amacın bulunmasını gerekli görmüşlerdir. İşte bu makalede Sünnî âlimlerin konuya dair görüşleri tespit edilecektir.
From the History of the Crimean Muslims Taxation in the 19th Century: The “Tatar Levy,” Details of Preparation, Collection, and Distribution: Materials from the Russian State Historical Archive
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of the Crimea of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Simferopol, Russian Federation, Konkin Denis V.
Published: April 2023

The article draws on documents from the Russian State Historical Archive (fond 1152 “Department of State Economy of the State Council", series 1-5), to examine the process of preparing, collecting, and distributing the tax for Crimean Tatars (the so-called “Tatar Levy,” tatarsky sbor). The problem of the Crimean Tatars taxation arouse immediately after the annexation of the Crimea. Fiscal system of the Crimean Khanate differed from that of the Russian Empire. Poll tax used in the Russian Empire was unacceptable for the Muslim. Amount and parameters of the tax adapted to the Crimean Tatars’ religion caused long discussions in the Russian authorities. Only in 1829, at the insistence of M.S. Vorontsov, a poll tax was introduced for the Crimean Tatars, the Tatar Levy. It amounted to 1 ruble 50 kopecks or 43 kopecks in silver and was to be directed to the priority needs of the Crimea. The draft budget was compiled by the Novorossiysk Governor-General, cleared with the Ministry of Finance and the State Council of the Russian Empire, and approved by the Emperor. The Tatar Levy funds were distributed in several target areas: infrastructure projects (construction of the road on the Southern coast of Crimea, construction of stone bridges, renovation of administrative buildings, creation of port infrastructure, providing water supply to the peninsula); support for agricultural projects (creation of new vineyards in Magarach); recreation (construction of mud baths near Yevpatoria and in Saki, financing of the Nikitsky Botanical Garden); restoration and construction of cultural and historical objects (restoration of the Khan's palace in Bakhchisarai, Juma-Jami in Yevpatoria, replenishment of museum collections, building of new mosques and churches). The revenues were significantly reduced after mass emigration of the Crimean Tatar population in 1860. The tax was finally abolished in 1874, when the taxation of the Crimean Tatars was unified with that of other taxable estates of the Tauride gubernia.
Law Scholars of the Russian Forest Legislation of the 19th Century
Authors:   East Siberian Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, Chernykh Vladimir V.
Published: April 2023

The article analyzes the contribution of law scholars of forest legislation of the 19th century; highlights their creative and life path. No state can exist without laws in general and without development of legislation of specific institutions, industries, structures, clusters, etc. Long-standing underdevelopment of Russian forest legislation can be explained by vastness of forests, lack of access to the seas, and lack of market relations. Transition from artisan mode of production to manufacture, the country's need for a fleet, and awareness of the necessity of replenishing the treasury through timber trade radically changed the picture and drew attention to the forest. All these changes required development of forest legislation, which actually happened in the 18th – 19th centuries. There are certain people behind each phenomenon, and the forest legislation is no exception. Those people, who harmonized fragmented and overlapping forest laws and in part, narratively, gave the legislative forest process itself a problem-chronological and explanatory character, did a huge and very useful theoretical and practical work, fully deserving the good memory of their descendants and recognition of jurists and all engaged in forestry. The empirical basis of the research is sources, which can be divided into several groups: reference books and encyclopedias of forest legislation; works analyzing the formation and improvement of Russian forest legislation; normative legal acts concerning forests. The methodological basis of the study is general dialectical method of cognition contributing to progressive development from specific to the general, as well as method of hermeneutics, lore of understanding and interpretation of legal texts; and approach emphasizing the objective nature of a historical personality’s activities, revealed through causality and conformity of historical development. The approach proposed by the author to consider the formation of the issue and its development by superimposing it with the history of personalities who solved the issue provides a new look on the problem, a better understanding of reasons that prompted scientists to deal with it, and saturates scientific narrative with brighter colors. The peculiarity of biographical research conducted by the author consists in understanding their life path, creative credo, and the history of the Fatherland.
The Source Base for Studying the Children's Everyday Life in Post-Reform Orenburg at the Turn of the 20th Century
Authors:   Orenburg State Pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russian Federation, Abdrakhmanova Ekaterina N.
Published: April 2023

The article presents an analysis of the sources applicable to study of children's everyday life in the post-reform period on the example of the city of Orenburg. The relevance of the study lies in increased attention on the part of state and society to the creation of a comfortable environment for life and health of children. The past experience can help in solving contemporary problems of childhood. The novelty of the study is explained by the fact that at present there are no historical works containing a comprehensive analysis of the sources’ potential for studying children’s everyday life. The work is to systematize and analyze the available sources on children’s everyday life at the turn of the 20th century on the example of post-reform Orenburg. Its methodological base is comparative method for comparative analysis of the sources and their data and critical method for determination of the data reliability. The article provides a brief historiographical review of studying the problem. The author divides all sources on children's everyday life into written and material ones. Written sources are represented by unpublished materials (parish registers) and published materials (regulatory documents, statistical data, periodicals, and educational literature). A group of material sources is represented by photographs and portraits depicting children. The article details the value of parish registers as a source for studying children’s everyday life. Along with high information content, parish registers have a number of disadvantages. The article presents an analysis of the normative provision on situation of children in the 19th – 20th centuries; conclusions are drawn about degree of freedom of children and limits of parental authority. The article details research potential of statistical materials and highlights their shortcomings. It explains what a good textbook is and what its mission is. It formulates the peculiarity of periodicals as a source on children’s everyday life. The author gives a comparative description of portrait and photography as historical sources. The author concludes that each source reveals a certain aspect of children’s everyday life. Therefore, in order to create a comprehensive picture of everyday life of children at the turn of the 20th century, the researcher should consider all sources as a complex.
LIMINAL SETTINGS AND CHARACTERS IN E.M. FORSTER’S A PASSAGE TO INDIA
Authors: ÖZÜN Şule
Published: April 2023

A vast number of people moved from rural to urban regions in the latter part of the nineteenth century as a result of the effects of industrialization and urbanization, which in turn led to the collapse of the pre-industrial lifestyle and economy. Conflicts on an emotional and intellectual level were also fostered by the decline of the old systems and constraints, as well as the structured and organized way of life pertaining to the pre-industrial era. Many novelists of this transitional period, such as Rudyard Kipling, Thomas Hardy, George Gissing, Joseph Conrad, D. H. Lawrence, and E. M. Forster, questioned the social, economic, political, religious, moral, cultural, and artistic institutions along with their established conventions. However, Forster, looking beyond the national boundaries, used references to other cultures, religions, alien settings, bi-national characters, and diverse traditions after traveling particularly to Italy and India. Forster’s two visits to India, one in 1912 and the other in 1921, gave him an experiential knowledge of the country. In his discursively complex international novel, A Passage to India (1924), besides religious and socioeconomic differences, Forster uncovers significant cultural problems that can be observed in India’s arbitrary imposition of a corrupted imperial system. In the novel, Forster explores the chronotopic cartographies of India and England in terms of their similarity and difference using individuals, mores, and settings. Thus, this paper aims to analyze how the theme of the East/West dichotomy in Forster’s A Passage to India creates liminal spaces and characters discussing the false perception of India by the British.
Métodos aplicados en Líneas Base Ambientales del sector energético mexicano
Authors: Vázquez-Vázquez Leydi Lorena , De la Garza-Rodríguez Iliana Margarita , Rodríguez-Luna Ana Rosa , García-Zaleta David Salvador , Morales-Bautista Carlos M. , Méndez-Olán Candelario
Published: April 2023

En México, para reactivar las instalaciones petroleras se implementan Líneas Bases Ambientales o LBA, pero cuando se aplican en sitios con presencia de derrames añejos, estas presentan grandes restos en el muestreo, determinación de hidrocarburos y la comparativa con el uso de suelo. En este trabajo, se presenta un modelo para implementar LBA considerando dos aspectos importantes: modificaciones en el método de determinación de hidrocarburos, los cambios en las propiedades de los suelos debido a la presencia de hidrocarburos. En los resultados, se observó que el solvente halogenado mostró mejores resultados que el hexano, ya que el primero encontró más sitios por encima del límite permisible o LMP (4400 mg/Kg). Además, se encontró una relación entre el HTP y las propiedades de los suelos, como un aumento en DA, DR, CE y % A, y disminución en CC y % R; Es importante señalar que, CC, pH y CE, aumentan cuando los hidrocarburos superan el límite permisible para uso agrícola
Termodinámica de la inclusión entre clorpropamida y α-ciclodextrina
Authors: González-Barbosa Jeovani , Hipólito-Nájera Adrián Ricardo , Gómez-Balderas Rodolfo , Rodríguez-Laguna Norma , Moya-Hernández Rosario
Published: April 2023

La clorpropamida es un agente antidiabético perteneciente a la familia de las sulfonilureas, utilizado para el tratamiento de la Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, este fármaco presenta una baja solubilidad lo que conlleva a problemas de biodisponibilidad, una forma de solucionar esta complicación es utilizando ciclodextrinas, las cuales son oligosacáridos que presentan una forma toroidal semirrígida, poseen una cavidad hidrófoba, capaz de contener moléculas no polares en su interior formando un complejo de inclusión. La titulación calorimetría isotérmica es una técnica que permite conocer el perfil termodinámico de la reacción de inclusión entre la clorpropamida y la α-ciclodextrina (logK= 1.95 ± 0.01 M-1, ∆G0= −2.70 ± 0.005 kcal mol-1, ∆H0= −3.47 ± 0.06 kcal mol-1, −T∆S0= 0.763 ± 0.07 kcal mol-1), de igual forma permite realizar reacciones a diferentes temperaturas, con lo cual es posible determinar la capacidad calorífica de la inclusión (∆CP0= −0.119 kcal mol-1 K-1). Los resultados obtenidos muestran que la reacción es exotérmica, espontánea y que las interacciones que predominan son las hidrofóbicas.
Extractos de Mentha piperita L. obtenidos por tecnologías hibridas
Authors: Franco-Aguirre Yesenia Damaris , Sáenz-Galindo Aidé , López-Badillo Claudia Magdalena , Rodríguez-Herrera Raúl , Castañeda-Facio Adalí Oliva , Ascacio-Valdés Juan Alberto
Published: April 2023

Mentha piperita L. es una de las especies más demandadas a nivel mundial gracias a la presencia de propiedades de gran interés tales como: capacidad antioxidante, antifúngica y antibacterial. Existen diversas metodologías para la extracción de metabolitos secundarios, sin embargo, muchas de ellas resultan ser ineficientes ya que presentan tiempos de extracción considerables, bajos rendimientos y altos costos. En este trabajo se desarrolló una metodología de extracción hibrida mediante la asistencia de ultrasonido-microondas para la obtención de metabolitos secundarios de hojas secas de Mentha piperita L. Los resultados fueron comparados con técnicas convencionales de extracción, logrando destacar una reducción considerable del tiempo y un rendimiento de 23.58%, siendo este en promedio 7.56% mayor que los resultados obtenidos por técnicas convencionales. Además, mediante FTIR-ATR y HPLC-MS/ESI se identificaron compuestos orgánicos, tales como ácido cafeico, medioresinol, ácidos cafeoilquínicos, ácido rosmarínico y luteolina demostrando que la tecnología híbrida ultrasonido-microondas, es una alterativa viable para extraer compuestos de interés con excelentes rendimientos.
Espectrofotometría derivada en la cuantificación de una mezcla binaria de metformina y sitagliptina en tabletas
Authors: Rincón-Jiménez Paul , Sanjuan-Hernández Adriana , Carrillo-Cedillo Eugenia Gabriela
Published: April 2023

En el análisis cuantitativo de una mezcla binaria de metformina (Met) y sitagliptina (Sgt) mediante la técnica de espectrometría derivada, se utiliza el método de punto de anulación de la primera o segunda derivada. Una de las ventajas de esta técnica es que la derivada mide la pendiente espectral y por ello la meseta de un espectro de absorción; el máximo y mínimo de la primera derivada corresponde a los puntos de inflexión del espectro y para el caso de la segunda derivada corresponde a la curvatura del espectro original. En este trabajo se estudió primeramente los métodos de extracción de principios activos en tabletas combinadas utilizadas para controlar la diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 con su posterior aplicación del método modificado de espectrofotometría de relación derivada con adición de estándar para la sitagliptina; esto se hace por la composición de la tableta (Sgt - Met 50 mg - 850 mg).
Interacción acetaminofén-bases nitrogenadas de DNA, un estudio electroquímico
Authors: Valencia-Valencia María Guadalupe , Alarcón-Ángeles Georgina , Ramírez-Silva María Teresa , Gómez-Hernández Martín , Hurtado-Y-de-la-Peña Marcela
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo, se expone por primera vez la interacción del acetaminofén con las bases púricas del DNA (guanina y adenina). El estudio de la interacción se realizó a través de voltamperometría diferencial de pulso (VDP), se encontró que, el acetaminofén, la guanina (G) y adenina (A) no presentan interferencia entre las diferentes especies, y pueden ser analizadas de forma independiente. La interacción fue analizada con el efecto de la concentración del fármaco sobre los cambios de la corriente y el potencial y se observó una disminución significativa en sobre la corriente de G y A lo que indica posibles alteraciones sobre las bases. Además, se analizó la interacción con el producto de oxidación de acetaminofén la N-acetil-para-benzoquinoneimina, a través de la producción in situ por electrodeposición de la especie oxidada del fármaco, los resultados muestran un daño sobre G y A inducido por la exposición al producto de la degradación oxidativa, donde la base más afectada es adenina.
Cuantificación de cafeína, utilizando como fluorosensor puntos cuánticos de carbono
Authors: Arredondo-Martínez Brandon , Juárez-Gómez Jorge , Guzmán-Hernández Dafne Sarahia , Ramírez-Silva María Teresa , Rojas-Hernández Alberto
Published: April 2023

Los puntos cuánticos de carbono son una especie de nuevos nanomateriales y como su nombre lo indica, están basados en carbono, dónde las fuentes naturales que se utilizan para la síntesis son ricas en grupos funcionales orgánicos qué permiten la funcionalización de la superficie durante el proceso y que, a su vez, presentan propiedades luminiscentes. La síntesis de estos materiales se realizó mediante la carbonización de Hibiscus sabdariffa, también conocida como flor de Jamaica. La síntesis es rápida y de bajo costo, además amigable con el medio ambiente debido a que se utiliza agua como solvente. El objetivo de esta investigación se basa en aprovechar las propiedades ópticas de las nanopartículas para la cuantificación indirecta de cafeína en muestras reales a través de la inhibición de su fluorescencia. Las disoluciones de puntos cuánticos mostraron una respuesta lineal del recíproco del porcentaje de fluorescencia remanente en función de la concentración de cafeína en el sistema. Esta tendencia podría permitir la cuantificación de cafeína en muestras reales. Los parámetros de desempeño de la curva de calibración fueron: LOD= 1.670 mg×L-1, LOQ = 5.566 mg×L-1, LOL = (5.6 - 20.0) mg×L-1, sensibilidad = (8.63 ± 0.29) x 10-4 mg-1×L.
Estudio de la inclusión de diflunisal en 2-hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina
Authors: Gómez-Balderas Rodolfo , Ponce-Pérez León Daniel , González-Barbosa Jeovani , Rodríguez-Laguna Norma
Published: April 2023

El diflunisal (HDif) es un analgésico y antiinflamatorio no esteroidal, sus efectos terapéuticos resultan de la inhibición en la producción de prostaglandinas. Los complejos de inclusión de antiinflamatorios con 2-hidroxipropil-β-ciclodextrina (2HP−βCD), incrementa la solubilidad del fármaco en agua y reducen efectos secundarios de medicamentos; por ejemplo, en el cyclodexÒ (piroxicam-βCD). En este trabajo se estudió la formación del complejo de diflunisal aniónico (Dif) con 2HP−βCD mediante titulación calorimétrica isotérmica, en agua a 30 ºC y pH neutro. La inclusión es exotérmica (ΔHº = −3.13 kcal/mol), genera entropía (TΔSº = 2.20 kcal/mol) y es espontánea (ΔGº = −5.24 kcal/mol). Además, se realizó el modelado molecular del complejo de inclusión, encontrando que las interacciones tipo van der Waals y los puentes de hidrógeno son responsables de la estabilidad del complejo.
Recuperación de Au(III) con líquidos iónicos encapsulados. Efecto del emulsificante
Authors: Navarro-Mendoza Ricardo , Miranda-Navarrete Luz Kareli , Salazar-Calderón Enrique Eduardo , Ramírez-López Sergio , Morales-Aguilar Jessica , Hernández-Perales Liliana
Published: April 2023

La producción mundial de chatarra electrónica es un problema ambiental. Parte importante de estos residuos son metales preciosos. Para recuperarlos, se utilizan diversos métodos de separación, como la extracción con extractantes encapsulados, para lo cual, es necesario fabricar emulsiones estables. En este trabajo se presentan resultados de la fabricación de materiales a base del líquido iónico (LI) Cyphos IL 101 (cloruro de trihexil(tetradecil)fosfonio) encapsulado con alginato de calcio, por gelificación inversa, utilizando emulsiones del LI con carboximetilcelulosa (CMC) y goma arábiga (GA) como emulsificante. Se estudió la estabilidad de los materiales, así como su desempeño en la extracción de Au(III), en función del tiempo de fabricación. Los resultados obtenidos son comparados con los obtenidos previamente con materiales similares sin GA. Las emulsiones y las microcápsulas con GA muestran una mayor estabilidad. Al incrementarse el tiempo de fabricación, ambos materiales muestran una disminución de la capacidad y la velocidad de extracción de Au(III), pero estas variaciones son menores para las microcápsulas con GA.
Química Analítica: Teoría y Aplicaciones desde México 2022
Authors: Páez-Hernández María Elena , Carrillo-Cedillo Eugenia Gabriela , Morales-Bautista Carlos Mario , Colín-Segundo Alberto , Rojas-Hernández Alberto , ICBI Pädi
Published: April 2023

Estimadas lectoras y estimados lectores. Para nosotros es un gran gusto escribir estas líneas que presentan este número especial, resultado de la colaboración de la Asociación Mexicana de Química Analítica con la revista Pädi, de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Esperamos que sea de su interés.

¿Qué es la Química Analítica, en la actualidad?

La Química Analítica es una disciplina que muchos confunden con el campo del conocimiento que se conoce como Análisis Químico. Sin embargo, durante el siglo XX el enfoque y concepción de lo que hoy llamamos Química Analítica evolucionó desde el Análisis Químico (concebido como una subdisciplina de la Química) hasta una interdisciplina que se relaciona con disciplinas tales como la Biología, las Ciencias de la Salud, diversas Ingenierías, las Ciencias Ambientales, las Ciencias Forenses y las Ciencias Aduanales, entre muchas otras.

Fue así como la revista Pädi, así como el Comité Directivo y la Junta de Representantes de la AMQA convocaron a los socios de esta última para que sometieran sus trabajos como artículos que pasarían por un arbitraje doble ciego, para su posible publicación en un número especial de la revista. Además, la Junta de Representantes de la AMQA escogió trabajos de alumnos de licenciatura que, a su juicio, tuvieran la calidad suficiente para ser sometidos a este tipo de evaluación por pares.

La convocatoria consideraba las siguientes áreas, entre otras:

Alimentos

Medicina, farmacia y salud

Educación

Estudios fundamentales

Aplicaciones diversas

Ambiental
Penyuluhan Dan Pengenalan Struktur Bangunan Rumah Sederhana Tahan Gempa Di SMKN 3 Mataram Dalam Rangka Implementasi SNI 1726
Authors: Mahmud Fathmah , Hariyadi  , Kencanawati Ni Nyoman , Merdana I Nyoman , Rawiana Shofia , Akmaluddin
Published: April 2023

Indonesia terletak di pertemuan tiga lempeng tektonik utama dunia, yaitu Lempeng Eurasia, Indo-Australia dan Lempeng Pasifik, sehingga menjadi wilayah yang rawan terhadap gempa bumi tektonik. Dari hasil pengamatan terhadap kerusakan bangunan pasca gempa Lombok 2018 ditemukan bahwa kerusakan terjadi terutama karena bangunan tidak dirancang tahan gempa, mutu bahan yang tidak memadai serta detail struktur yang buruk dan bahkan kombinasi dari beberapa kondisi tadi. Dari sekian banyak kerusakan bangunan yang terjadi mayoritas adalah bangunan rumah hunian sederhana yang terbuat dari tembok bata merah atau batako, dengan atau tanpa perkuatan kerangka beton bertulangan atau konstruksi Non-Engineered. Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) jurusan Teknik Konstruksi dan Perumahan yang merupakan bagian dari program/paket keahlian Teknologi dan Rekayasa, adalah ujung tombak pencetak calon tenaga-tenaga muda di bidang konstruksi bangunan. Keberhasilan pembangunan infrastruktur tahan gempa salahsatunya ditentukan oleh lulusan sekolah SMK yang memahami filosofi bangunan tanah gempa. Memperhatikan kurikulum pada jurusan Teknik Konstruksi dan Perumahan masih sangat terbatas menyentuh tentang kaidah bangunan sederhana tahan gempa maka telah dilakukan sosialisasi pengenalan struktur bangunan rumah sederhana tahan gempa di SMKN 3 Mataram dalam rangka implementasi SNI-1726. Sosialisasi SNI-1726 tentang Tata Cara Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa Untuk Struktur Bangunan Gedung Dan Nongedung ini sangat penting dan mendesak dilakukan sejak dini dari bangku sekolah keteknikan mengingat permasalahan kegempaan diatas. Sosialisasi dan pengenalan bangunan tahan gempa ini dilakukan oleh tim pengajar jurusan Teknik Sipil Universitas Mataram didampingi oleh guru kelas di SMKN 3 Mataram dengan cara ceramah dan dialog di kelas. Adapun media belajar dan alat bantu digunakan berupa Pamflet dan Poster bangunan tahan gempa, LCD serta animasi pelaksanaan bangunan sederhana tahan gempa. Pada saat ceramah banyak terjadi diskusi seputar tata cara detailing tulangan beton, detailing sambungan konstruksi atap serta tata cara perbaikan konstruksi tahan gempa. Para siswa sangat antusias dalam diskusi dan mendapatkan sesuatu yang baru
Penerapan Sumur Resapan Sebagai Upaya Pengendalian Banjir dan Konservasi Air Tanah di Desa Lembah Sari Kecamatan Batu Layar Kabupaten Lombok Barat
Authors: Tri Sulistyowati  , Agustawijaya Didi S. , Hoesain M. Ismail , Eniarti Miko , Saadi Yusron
Published: April 2023

Bencana banjir bandang melanda beberapa wilayah di Kabupaten Lombok Barat pada bulan Desember 2021. Hal ini disebabkan intensitas curah hujan tinggi dan kurangnya kawasan resapan air sehingga terjadi luapan air sungai dan menggenangi permukiman penduduk. Desa Lembah Sari merupakan salah satu desa terdampak banjir bandang tersebut. Sebanyak 404 rumah warga mengalami kerusakan, terdiri dari 37 rumah rusak berat karena tertimbun lumpur dan sisanya rusak sedang. Selain itu banjir juga mengakibatkan jembatan penghubung desa putus. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, maka dilaksanakan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat di Desa Lembah Sari. Program pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang penerapan sumur resapan sebagai upaya pengendalian banjir dan konservasi air tanah. Sumur resapan berfungsi untuk menampung air permukaan dari hujan dan meresapkan ke dalam tanah menjadi cadangan air tanah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air baku penduduk. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan metode sosialisasi, ceramah, diskusi, dan praktek membuat sumur resapan. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan, maka peserta telah memahami manfaat dan cara membuat sumur resapan. Sehingga  diharapkan dapat membangun sumur resapan di lingkungan permukiman masing-masing sebagai upaya pengendalian banjir dan konservasi air tanah.
Pengolahan Eceng Gondok Sebagai Pupuk Organik Berbasis Zero Waste Di Kelurahan Tiwu Galih, Kecamatan Praya, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah
Authors: Novianti Suhasliza , Putra Lalu Ali , Al Farozi M. Samsul Rizal , Setiawan Ery
Published: April 2023

Kelurahan Tiwu Galih merupakan salah satu wilayah Green Belt Waduk Batujai. Daerah aliran sungai (DAS) yang mengarah ke Waduk Batujai mempengaruhi keadaan fisik dan lingkungan sekitarnya. Kemudian pertumbuhan eceng gondok yang sangat cepat dan tidak terkendali dapat menyebabkan sedimentasi yang mengakibatkan pendangkalan sungai/waduk, dan merusak kualitas air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memanfaatkan sumber daya eceng gondok sebagai pupuk organik alternatif melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat dan mengurangi jumlah eceng gondok di daerah aliran sungai Waduk Batujai Lombok Tengah dengan basis zero waste. Metode yang digunakan meliputi sosialisasi, pelatihan, controlling decomposer, monitoring dan evaluasi hingga pengemasan produk. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pupuk padat. Masyarakat diedukasi memanfaatkan pengelolaan sampah yang memperlakukan sampah sebagai sumber daya. Eceng gondok yang merugikan dapat diolah menjadi pupuk organik yang bermanfaat bagi lingkungan dan ekonomi masyarakatEceng Gondok