bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When Climate Research Fuels Climate Myths: Author Insights from a Misused Publication
Authors: Andreasen Julia
Published: February 2025

By equipping ourselves with preventive strategies, mitigation tools, and trusted networks, we can guide misinformed conversations back to accuracy and preserve the value of rigorous research.
Maternal immune activation imprints translational dysregulation and differential MAP2 phosphorylation in descendant neural stem cells
Authors: Martín-Guerrero Sandra M. , Martín-Estebané María , Lara Ordóñez Antonio J. , Cánovas Miguel , Martín-Oliva David , González-Maeso Javier , Cutillas Pedro R. , López-Giménez Juan F.
Published: February 2025

Alterations induced by maternal immune activation (MIA) during gestation impact the subsequent neurodevelopment of progeny, a process that in humans, has been linked to the development of several neuropsychiatric conditions. To undertake a comprehensive examination of the molecular mechanisms governing MIA, we have devised an in vitro model based on neural stem cells (NSCs) sourced from fetuses carried by animals subjected to Poly I:C treatment. These neural progenitors demonstrate proliferative capacity and can be effectively differentiated into both neurons and glial cells. Transcriptomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic analyses conducted on these cellular models, in conjunction with counterparts from control treatments, revealed discernible shifts in the expression levels of a specific subset of proteins implicated in neuronal function. Furthermore, the phosphoproteomic data highlighted a discernible discrepancy in the basal phosphorylation of proteins between differentiated cells from both experimental groups, particularly within proteins associated with cytoskeletal architecture and synaptic functionality, notably those belonging to the MAP family. Observed alterations in MAP phosphorylation were found to potentially have functional consequences as they correlate with changes in neuronal plasticity and the establishment of neuronal synapses. Our data agrees with previous published observations and further underscore the importance of MAP2 phosphorylation state on its function and the impact that this protein has in neuronal structure and function.
Autism common variants associated with white matter alterations at birth: cross-sectional fixel-based analyses of 221 European term-born neonates from the developing human connectome project
Authors: Le Hai , Bonthrone Alexandra F. , Uus Alena , Fenchel Daphna , Lautarescu Alexandra , Dimitrakopoulou Konstantina , Edwards A. David , Hajnal Joseph V. , Counsell Serena J. , Cordero-Grande Lucilio , Christiaens Daan , Batalle Dafnis , Pietsch Maximilian , Price Anthony N. , Patel Hamel , Curtis Charles , Cullen Harriet , Deprez Maria , Tournier Jacques-Donald
Published: February 2025

Increasing lines of evidence suggest white matter (WM) structural changes associated with autism can be detected in the first year of life. Despite the condition having high heritability, the relationship between autism common genetic variants and WM changes during this period remains unclear. By employing advanced regional and whole-brain fixel-based analysis, the current study investigated the association between autism polygenic scores (PS) and WM microscopic fibre density and macrostructural morphology in 221 term-born infants of European ancestry from the developing Human Connectome Project. The results suggest greater tract mean fibre-bundle cross-section of the left superior corona radiata is associated with higher autism PS. Subsequent exploratory enrichment analysis revealed that the autism risk single nucleotide polymorphisms most associated with the imaging phenotype may have roles in neuronal cellular components. Together, these findings suggest a possible link between autism common variants and early WM development.
Reactivatable stimulated emission depletion microscopy using fluorescence-recoverable nanographene
Authors: Yang Qiqi , Failla Antonio Virgilio , Turunen Petri , Mateos-Maroto Ana , Gai Meiyu , Zuschratter Werner , Westendorf Sophia , Gelléri Márton , Chen Qiang , Goudappagouda  , Zhao Hao , Zhu Xingfu , Morsbach Svenja , Scheele Marcus , Yan Wei , Landfester Katharina , Kabe Ryota , Bonn Mischa , Narita Akimitsu , Liu Xiaomin
Published: February 2025

Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, a key optical super-resolution imaging method, has extended our ability to view details to resolution levels of tens of nanometers. Its resolution depends on fluorophore de-excitation efficiency, and increases with depletion laser power. However, high-power irradiation permanently turns off the fluorescence due to photo-bleaching of the fluorophores. As a result, there is a trade-off between spatial resolution and imaging time. Here, we overcome this limitation by introducing reactivatable STED (ReSTED) based on the photophysical properties of the nanographene dibenzo[hi,st]ovalene (DBOV). In contrast to the photo-induced decomposition of other fluorophores, the fluorescence of DBOV is only temporarily deactivated and can be reactivated by near-infrared light (including the 775 nm depletion beam). As a result, this fluorophore allows for hours-long, high-resolution 3D STED imaging, greatly expanding the applications of STED microscopy.
Skeletal muscle stem cells modulate niche function in Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse through YY1-CCL5 axis
Authors: Li Yang , Li Chuhan , Sun Qiang , Liu Xingyuan , Chen Fengyuan , Cheung Yeelo , Zhao Yu , Xie Ting , Chazaud Bénédicte , Sun Hao , Wang Huating
Published: February 2025

Adult skeletal muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are indispensable for muscle regeneration and tightly regulated by macrophages (MPs) and fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) in their niche. Deregulated MuSC/MP/FAP interactions and the ensuing inflammation and fibrosis are hallmarks of dystrophic muscle. Here we demonstrate intrinsic deletion of transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) in MuSCs exacerbates dystrophic pathologies by altering composition and heterogeneity of MPs and FAPs. Further analysis reveals YY1 loss induces expression of immune genes in MuSCs, including C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (Ccl5). Augmented CCL5 secretion promotes MP recruitment via CCL5/C-C chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) crosstalk, which subsequently hinders FAP clearance through elevated Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1). Maraviroc-mediated pharmacological blockade of the CCL5/CCR5 axis effectively mitigates muscle dystrophy and improves muscle performance. Lastly, we demonstrate YY1 represses Ccl5 transcription by binding to its enhancer thus facilitating promoter-enhancer looping. Altogether, our study demonstrates the critical role of MuSCs in actively shaping their niche and provides novel insight into the therapeutic intervention of muscle dystrophy.
Desiccation as a suitable alternative to cold-storage of phyllosphere samples for DNA-based microbial community analyses
Authors: Smenderovac Emily , Rheault Karelle , Moisan Marie-Ange , Emilson Caroline , Brazeau Élodie , Morency Marie-Josée , Gagné Patrick , Maire Vincent , Emilson Erik , Venier Lisa , Martineau Christine
Published: February 2025

The study of microbial communities of the plant phyllosphere in remote locations using DNA-based approaches is limited by the challenges associated with their preservation in the field and during transportation. Freezing is a common DNA preservation strategy, but it may be unsuitable for leaf samples, or inaccessible in some locations. Other methods such as desiccation, ethanol or commercial preservatives are potential alternative DNA preservation methods for ambient temperature storage. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of desiccation (with silica gel packs), and of three preservation solutions (95% ethanol, RNAlater, LifeGuard) for the preservation of epiphytic phyllosphere communities of Populus tremuloides and Picea glauca at ambient indoor temperature (21 °C) for up to three weeks. We assessed effects on DNA concentration and quality and used metabarcoding to detect changes in bacterial and fungal communities between treatments over time. A secondary study was conducted on leaves of Populus grandidentata to further test the ability of the desiccation treatment to resolve differences between sampling sites. Silica gel packs were identified as effective ambient temperature preservative of phyllosphere bacterial and fungal communities. There were some changes in the communities compared to immediate extraction due to this treatment, but these changes did not affect the ability to distinguish tree species and sampling locations. Overall, our study supports the use of silica gel pack short term preservation at ambient temperature for phyllosphere samples intended for DNA-based microbial community analyses.
Blood-based biomarkers suggest prolonged axonal Injury following pediatric mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Mayer Andrew R. , Wick Tracey V. , McQuaid Jessica R. , Boucher Masen L. , Dodd Andrew B. , Robertson-Benta Cidney R. , van der Horn Harm J. , Erhardt Erik B. , Sapien Robert E. , Tarawneh Rawan , Mannix Rebekah
Published: February 2025

Pediatric mild traumatic brain injury (pmTBI) affects millions of youth annually but underlying pathophysiology and time for physiological recovery remains unknown. Non-fasting plasma samples were obtained in 59 pmTBI (28 females; age 14.9 ± 2.7) at approximately 7 days and 4 months post-injury and in 41 matched healthy controls (HC: 20 females; age 14.3 ± 2.8). Samples were analyzed for GFAP, NFL, Tau, pTau181 and UCH-L1 protein concentrations in conjunction with a clinical battery. Significant effects of diagnosis (pmTBI > HC) existed at ~ 7 days (p < 0.001; Cohen’s d = 0.72) and ~ 4 months (p = 0.015; Cohen’s d = 0.41) post-injury for NFL. NFL was also elevated in pmTBI with significant alterations to mental status (e.g., post-traumatic amnesia) relative to patients without (p = 0.014; Cohen’s d = 0.77). UCH-L1, GFAP and pTau181 did not differ between groups, but demonstrated negative associations with days post-injury (small to medium effect sizes) suggestive of a more rapid release/clearance. Post-concussive symptoms had the best diagnostic classification accuracy at ~ 7 days, but NFL ranked higher at 4 months post-injury. Preliminary findings highlight dynamic fluctuations in blood-based biomarkers in the first week of pmTBI, with ongoing evidence of protein release (NFL) at 4 months. NFL demonstrated additional promise for delineating injury severity within the spectrum of pmTBI.
Multi-slotted airfoil design for enhanced aerodynamic performance and economic efficiency
Authors: Aziz Mohamed A. , Khalifa Mohamed A. , Abdelrahman M. A. , Elshimy Haitham , Elsayed Ahmed M.
Published: February 2025

Recently, slotted airfoils have been introduced as a passive flow control approach. The slotted airfoil method resulted in stall delay and enhanced the lift coefficient. The single-slot airfoil is unable to delay stall if the flow is injected downstream of the separation point at the stall angle of attack. A multi-slot airfoil ensures air is injected along the airfoil suction side, delaying stalls over a large range of AOA. The current study focuses on enhancing wind turbine blades’ efficiency by utilizing a novel multi-slot NACA23012C airfoil design as a passive control approach. A numerical study of the optimal grid number was carried out, followed by validating the numerical model with previous experimental results in the literature. The numerical study is followed by a study of the effect of the number of airfoil slots: one, two, three, four, five, and six. The characteristics of the flow field were analyzed to explain the benefit of applying multi-slotted on the aerodynamic performance of an airfoil with a high AOA at Reynolds number 2.74 × 105. The findings showed a significant improvement in the lift coefficient values and the delayed stall AOA for multi-slot airfoils compared to the clean and single-slot airfoils. Increasing the slots number is effective up to four slots. The four-slot airfoil improved lift by 15.8%, and the two slots achieved a 22.31% CL/CD increase. Future work could optimize slot geometry, validate findings experimentally, and study dynamic and 3D effects.
Peridynamics analysis of crack propagation in concrete considering random aggregate distribution
Authors: Geng Bin , Li Ze , Zhao Yigong , Zhang Xiaoyan
Published: February 2025

The mechanical properties and fracture behavior of concrete are controlled by aggregate characteristics, and the distribution of aggregates is uncertain. Traditional studies on concrete crack propagation mainly conduct deterministic analysis based on the position and size of the aggregates, rarely considering the uncertainty of aggregate distribution. Based on the Peridynamics (PD) theory, random distribution functions are introduced to describe the geometric characteristics and positional parameters of concrete aggregates. Simulating the effect of random distribution of aggregates on concrete crack propagation by presetting random aggregates. For the first time, the Boundary Damage Ratio (BDR) is proposed to quantitatively describe the influence of cement mortar and aggregate on crack propagation, revealing the influence rules of random aggregate parameters on concrete damage provides a new method for studying concrete crack propagation. The research results show that the size and position of aggregates determine the crack propagation path during concrete failure. The BDR can indicate the quality of the concrete grading and the intensity of the aggregate’s guiding effect on crack propagation. It was found that the aggregate size and the BDR follow a Weibull distribution; the larger the aggregate size, the smaller the shape parameter.
Ultra-processed foods and plant-based alternatives impair nutritional quality of omnivorous and plant-forward dietary patterns in college students
Authors: Fedde Svenja , Wießner Miriam , Hägele Franziska A , Müller Manfred J , Bosy-Westphal Anja
Published: February 2025

The health benefits of a plant-based diet may be outweighed by an increased consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) and plant-based alternatives. This study compares diet quality (intakes of protein, saturated fatty acids, sugar, fiber, and micronutrients) and nutritional status (prevalence of low holotranscobalamin and ferritin levels) among different dietary patterns: 22.5% vegans, 46.5% vegetarians, 31% omnivores in 142 first-year college students (20 ± 1.6 years, BMI 21.9 ± 3.1 kg/m², 83% female). Intakes of vitamin B12, folate, iron, zinc, and calcium were on average below reference values, especially in vegans and vegetarians. However, the prevalence of low holotranscobalamin and ferritin levels did not differ between the dietary groups, presumably due to supplementation. Irrespective of the diet, UPF contributed to 49% of daily energy intake. UPF exhibited a lower content of protein, fiber, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, folate, zinc and calcium compared to processed foods (all p < 0.001). Plant-based alternatives contained more fiber and less saturated fatty acids whereas the content of protein and micronutrients was lower compared with animal products (all p < 0.05). In conclusion, UPF consumption contributes to the inadequate intake of many micronutrients by young adults. This is further aggravated by plant-forward eating patterns including the consumption of plant-based alternatives.
The corpus callosum in people with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
Authors: Luders Eileen , Spencer Debra , Dale Caitlin , Hughes Ieuan A. , Thankamony Ajay , Srirangalingam Umasuthan , Gleeson Helena , Simpson Helen , Hines Melissa , Kurth Florian
Published: February 2025

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands. CAH manifests in abnormal levels of cortisol and androgens and is accompanied by white matter alterations. However, no CAH study has specifically targeted the corpus callosum, the brain’s largest white matter fiber tract. To bridge that gap in the literature, we investigated callosal morphology in 53 individuals with CAH and 53 matched controls (66 women, 40 men). In addition to calculating areas for seven callosal subsections, we estimated the callosal thickness at 100 equidistant points. All statistical analyses were conducted while co-varying for age and total brain volume and applying corrections for multiple comparisons. There were no significant effects of biological sex and no significant group-by-sex interactions. However, there was a significant effect of group, both for area measures and thickness estimates, indicating smaller dimensions within the callosal splenium and isthmus in people with CAH. Our findings corroborate previous studies highlighting white matter alterations in CAH and may suggest that callosal integrity is compromised due to potentially adverse effects of glucocorticoids, a standard treatment for both men and women with CAH.
ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiling of interphases and coatings on lithium metal surfaces
Authors: Mense Maximilian , Bela Marlena M. , Kühn Sebastian P. , Cekic-Laskovic Isidora , Börner Markus , Wiemers-Meyer Simon , Winter Martin , Nowak Sascha
Published: February 2025

Lithium metal as a negative electrode material offers ten times the specific capacity of graphitic electrodes, but its rechargeable operation poses challenges like excessive and continuous interphase formation, high surface area lithium deposits and safety issues. Improving the lithium | electrolyte interface and interphase requires powerful surface analysis techniques, such as ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiling.This study investigates lithium metal sections with an SEI layer by ToF-SIMS using different sputter ions. An optimal sputter ion is chosen based on the measured ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiles and SEM analysis of the surface damage. Further, this method is adapted to lithium metal foil with an intermetallic coating. ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiles in both polarities provide comprehensive insights into the coating structure. Both investigations highlight the value of ToF-SIMS sputter depth profiling in lithium metal battery research and offer guidance for future studies.
Effectiveness of the world network of biosphere reserves in maintaining forest ecosystem functions
Authors: Gohr Charlotte , von Wehrden Henrik , Saatchi Sassan , Pettorelli Nathalie , Ibisch Pierre L.
Published: February 2025

UNESCO biosphere reserves serve as learning areas for sustainable development, where preserving ecosystem functionality is an imperative. However, this critical assumption has yet to be thoroughly examined. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated differences in satellite-derived proxies of ecosystem functions in forests between inside and surrounding areas of biosphere reserves, globally. Our findings based on linear mixed effect models show that (i) only 18 of 119 biosphere reserves exhibited higher values for all forest ecosystem function proxies inside the reserves compared to outside, (ii) smaller reserves in fragmented forestscapes were more affected by hot day temperatures, and (iii) greater forest cover correlated with increased ecosystem functioning across all biomes. This study underscores the potential significance of biosphere reserves to biodiversity conservation efforts and the need for the integration of satellite-based, outcome-oriented proxies of ecosystem functions in assessments of protected area effectiveness.
Present and future of smartphone-coupled chemiluminescence and electrochemiluminescence assays: a mini-review
Authors: Dutta Chunuranjan , Citterio Daniel , Nath Pabitra
Published: February 2025

Smartphone-coupled CL/ECL assays find applications in diverse areas.
Development of a near-infrared fluorescent probe for the selective detection of severe hypoxia
Authors: Kasai Takafumi , Fujita Kyohhei , Komatsu Toru , Ueno Tasuku , Kojima Ryosuke , Hanaoka Kenjiro , Urano Yasuteru
Published: February 2025

We have developed T-azoJSiR640 as a NIR fluorescence probe for severe hypoxia. In contrast to existing NIR probes for hypoxia, the probe was able to selectively visualize severe hypoxia in live cells and in ischemic liver of a mouse model in vivo.
Stacking induced symmetry broken and gap opening in Dirac half-metal MnF3
Authors: Xiang Wentai , Zhou Baozeng
Published: February 2025

Two-dimensional ferromagnetic materials have a broader development prospect in the field of spintronics. In particular, the high spin polarization system with half-metallic characteristics can be used as an efficient spin...
Accuracy of the diffusion quantum Monte Carlo method on dissociation curves of van der Waals systems with the single-Slater–Jastrow trial wavefunction
Authors: Huang Zhiru , Zhou Xiaojun , Wang Fan
Published: February 2025

vdW interaction energy of CH3Cl–CH4 molecule at different inter-molecular distances.
Direct route of ultrafast charge-pair generation upon below-band-gap excitation in P3HT: effect of external electric field
Authors: Rana Debkumar , Ranga Ayush Kant , Materny Arnulf
Published: February 2025

The ultrafast dynamics of polaron pairs have been studied for poly 3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl (P3HT) after below-band-gap excitation. Varying electric field and excitation fluence more details of the ultrafast pathways have been analyzed.
Impact of La3+ doping on the structural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of Mg–Co ferrites for high-frequency applications
Authors: Rohit  , Madaan Vasundhara , Jain Richa , Sharma Sourabh , Bhankar Vinita , Kumar Ashok , Kumar Krishan
Published: February 2025

In this study, the influence of La3+ ion doping on the microstructural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of Mg0.5Co0.5Fe2−xLaxO4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) ferrite nanoparticles is examined.
Recent progress and perspective of electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Shi Jianjun , Bao Yong , Ye Rongrong , Zhong Ju , Zhou Lijing , Zhao Zhen , Kang Wanli , Aidarova Saule B.
Published: February 2025

The article explores an in-depth exploration of the diverse range of catalysts that are commonly employed in the field of electrocatalytic HER, such as metals, oxides, sulfides, selenides, carbides, phosphides, nitrides, borides, single-atom catalysts, and carbon-supported catalysts.
Achieving the optimal Ni(OH)2 : Pt ratio for enhancing electrocatalytic water-dissociation and H2 delivery in proton-deficient environments
Authors: Arulraj Roshini , Sadhukhan Tumpa , Sengeni Anantharaj
Published: February 2025

This work explores the optimal ratio for the proven Ni(OH)2 : Pt combination in an alkaline HER and provides valuable insights that would help improve other similar systems.
Structurally isomeric ditopic 2-mercaptobenzoxazole and 2-hydroxybenzothiazole as ligands for design of 2D sodium-based luminescent coordination polymers
Authors: Rogozhin Anton F. , Ilichev Vasily A. , Pavlov Dmitry I. , Bochkarev Mikhail N.
Published: February 2025

Novel structurally isomeric centrosymmetric linkers containing benzoxazole and benzothiazole heterocycles were obtained. Based on these linkers, sodium-containing luminescent 2D coordination polymers of unprecedented topology were synthesized.
Estimating the atmospheric aerosol number size distribution using deep learning
Authors: Wu Yusheng , Zaidan Martha Arbayani , Cai Runlong , Duplissy Jonathan , Okuljar Magdalena , Lehtipalo Katrianne , Petäjä Tuukka , Kangasluoma Juha
Published: February 2025

This article explores deep learning models to estimate the aerosol number size distribution using trace gas concentrations and meteorological data, addressing the limitations of costly and maintenance-intensive direct measurements.
Repairing interfacial defects via preferable adsorption of ytterbium for high-utilization and dendrite-free Zn metal anodes
Authors: Jiang Long , Xing Zhenyue , Liu Yanfen , Shi Xiaodong , Li Le , Liu Yangyang , Lu Bingan , Zhou Jiang
Published: February 2025

Base on the 2–0.15Yb electrolyte with rapid migration kinetics, homogeneous nucleation and (002)-oriented electrodeposition are achieved by repairing the surface defects with high reactivity, resulting in a highly stable Zn anode.
A highly efficient electrolysis system enabled by direct impedance matching between a charge migration triboelectric nanogenerator and series connected electrolysers
Authors: Deng Yu , Qin Qian , He Wencong , Guo Hengyu , Chen Jie
Published: February 2025

A highly efficient seawater electrolysis system that establishes direct impedance matching between a charge migration triboelectric nanogenerator and series-connected electrolysers is proposed.
A defect-rich carbon induced built-in interfacial electric field accelerating ion-conduction towards superior-stable solid-state batteries
Authors: Du Liyu , Zhang Yiming , Xiao Yiyang , Yuan Du , Yao Meng , Zhang Yun
Published: February 2025

The D-CSE with a built-in IEF is constructed via the introduction of defect-rich carbon due to the transference of electrons. The built-in IEF could facilitate the dissociation of alkali salts and build effective ion-transport channels.
Biocrust-inspired interface layer with dual functions towards highly reversible zinc metal anodes
Authors: Li Huanyu , Li Yu , Liu Mingquan , Yang Ziyin , Gong Yuteng , Qian Ji , Zhang Ripeng , Bai Ying , Wu Feng , Wu Chuan
Published: February 2025

Inspired by the biocrust in desert ecology, we used eflornithine additive to in situ construct a ZnF2-rich SEI with crust effect on zinc anodes, which suppressed the dendrite growth and side reactions on an aqueous zinc-ion battery and stabilized it.
A review on the extraction of polyphenols from pomegranate peel for punicalagin purification: techniques, applications, and future prospects
Authors: Huang Zhirong , Foo Su Chern , Choo Wee Sim
Published: February 2025

This study reviews the methods for extracting polyphenols and purifying punicalagin from pomegranate peel, and the efficacy of punicalagin in food applications, health promotion, and energy storage.
Asymmetric membrane properties through a protein lens
Authors: Lorent Joseph Helmuth , Cabrera-Jojo Angela , Levental Kandice , Levental Ilya , Lyman Edward
Published: February 2025

Plasma membranes are asymmetric, with each monolayer presenting specific lipid compositions and biophysical properties. Transmembrane domains (TMDs) of single-pass transmembrane proteins (spTMP) have adapted their physico-chemical properties to these asymmetric...
A novel electrochemical Hofmann-type rearrangement enables facile access to α-oxoisocyanates for the synthesis of N-carbamoylacetamides
Authors: Zhao Xinxin , Wang Jian , Guo Dabo , Liu Wenmin , Yu Yongqi , Li Wenguang , Li Ting , Chen Ming
Published: February 2025

A novel electrochemical Hofmann-type rearrangement to convert α-oxoamides into α-oxoisocyanates that are compatible with various N, O-based nucleophiles to access N-carbamoylacetamides and N-acylcarbamates.
Novel biocompatible multifunctional porous magnetic nanoclusters for the targeted delivery of lenvatinib towards hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sohail Saba , Zeb Alam , Alamri Ali H. , Fatease Adel Al , Lahiq Ahmed A. , Alruwaili Nabil K. , Khan Salman , Din Fakhar ud
Published: February 2025

Graphical abstract of the development and characterization of novel biocompatible multifunctional porous magnetic nanoclusters towards hepatocellular carcinoma.
A magnetically separable Brønsted acid catalyst for the synthesis of Bisguaiacol-F
Authors: Tarade Komal , Rode Chandrashekhar , Kamble Sanjay
Published: February 2025

We synthesized a novel magnetically separable sulfonic acid-functionalized Brønsted acid catalyst, [Fe3O4@SiO2-(Pr)3-N-Bu-SO3H] [HSO4−], and efficiently applied it for Bisguaiacol-F synthesis by condensation of aq. formaldehyde with guaiacol.
Ionic liquid–metal–organic framework-modified composite electrolyte for high-performing lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Potdar Aparna S. , Kale Rushikesh B. , Ballal Reshma S. , Ambekar Jalindar , Kalubarme Ramchandra S. , Khupse Nageshwar D. , Kale Bharat B. , Kulkarni Milind V.
Published: February 2025

Solid polymer electrolyte membranes for Li-ion batteries with improved ionic conductivity for practical performance.
Enhancing Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer: A Two-Photon Excited Approach with a Novel Mitochondrial-Targeted Photosensitizer
Authors: Du Wenhao , Shang Wenzhao , Wen Wei , Deng Xiepeng , Xie Dalu , Zhang Yuhao , Su Huifang , Liu Hongjian
Published: February 2025

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a non-invasive and safe cancer treatment owing to its excellent control, high selectivity, minimal systemic toxicity, and low drug resistance, contrasting sharply with conventional...
Amino-alcohol functionalized porous polymer coupled with chromium hydroxide nanoparticles for efficient Cd(ii) adsorption from aqueous solutions
Authors: Mostafa Hamida Y. , Masoud Ahmed M. , El-Zahhar Adel A. , Alghamdi Majed M. , Taha Entsar H. , El Naggar Ahmed M. A. , Taha Mohamed H.
Published: February 2025

Cr(OH)3-impregnated-porous polystyrene functionalized by blending with amino-alcohol is presented as a novel adsorbent. Enhanced adsorption capacity was exhibited by this composite during removal of Cd(ii) ions.
Borate-catalysed direct amidation reactions of coordinating substrates
Authors: Procter Richard J. , Alamillo-Ferrer Carla , Shabbir Usman , Britton Phyllida , Bučar Dejan-Krešimir , Dumon Alexandre S. , Rzepa Henry S. , Burés Jordi , Whiting Andrew , Sheppard Tom D.
Published: February 2025

A new borate ester amidation catalyst was developed, that shows higher reactivity with challenging carboxylic acids and amines. Reactions could be performed on multigram scale with the catalyst generated in situ from commercial reagents.
Effective modulus of particle-packing containing hard and soft particles
Authors: Bamboriya Om Prakash , Tirumkudulu Mahesh S.
Published: February 2025

We determine the effective modulus of particle-packing containing hard and soft spheres via nanoindentation and compare the value with those obtained from cracking of drying colloidal films and buckling of drying colloidal drops.
Can the high throughput yield of solar thermal interfacial evaporation systems be beyond theoretical efficiency?
Authors: Maqsood Ghazala , Irshad Muhammad Sultan , Arshad Naila , Asghar Muhammad Sohail , Ali Muhammad Atif , Mei Tao , Wang Xianbao
Published: February 2025

Strategies and influencing factors for enhanced efficiency of solar steam generation systems with an analysis of the gap between theoretical and experimental efficiency.
Electric field-induced intramolecular charge transfer of two-dimensional covalent organic frameworks with D–A systems for organic memristors
Authors: Tao Ye , Li Dong , Hu Ting , Qin Shiwei , Wan Zhongyu , Zhang Shaojie , Cao Kunkun , Rao Yiheng , Ma Guokun , Zhang Jun , Wang Hanbin , Chen Chi , Wan Houzhao , Wang Hao
Published: February 2025

We obtained better stability (550 cycles) using COFs that are rapidly synthesized at room temperature and pressure. Furthermore, we experimentally confirmed the resistance mechanism as electric field-induced intramolecular charge transfer.
Naphthalimide-derived fluorogenic SNAP probe for real-time monitoring of protein degradation
Authors: Zhou Xuelian , Miao Lu , Chen Yonghui , Shi Jinjing , Qiao Qinglong , Xu Zhaochao
Published: February 2025

The naphthalimide-derived SNAP-tag fluorogenic probe, BGAN-8C, exhibits unique off–on–off fluorescence properties, enabling real-time monitoring of protein degradation events in living cells.
One-dimensional gold-doped monoclinic iridium oxide nanoribbons for high-efficiency acidic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Luo Hanzhuo , Pan Sihui , Li Chenchen , Li Penghao , Ke Jia , Wang Yue , Chen Long , Shao Qi
Published: February 2025

One-dimensional gold-doped monoclinic iridium oxide nanoribbons have been successfully synthesized via a heteroatom doping strategy, thereby enhancing its electrochemical activity and durability under acidic conditions.
Correction: Structure-directing effect of terephthalate in bridging Zn(ii)- and Cd(ii)-based coordination polymers towards application in the detection of trace quantities of Pd2+ in aqueous media and their electrical conductivities
Authors: Saha Koushik , Dutta Basudeb , Das Pubali , Chandra Angeera , Samanta Arnab , Jana Sudeep Ranjan , Naskar Sudip , Saha Rajat , Ray Partha Pratim , Sinha Chittaranjan
Published: February 2025

Correction for ‘Structure-directing effect of terephthalate in bridging Zn(ii)- and Cd(ii)-based coordination polymers towards application in the detection of trace quantities of Pd2+ in aqueous media and their electrical conductivities’ by Koushik Saha et al., Dalton Trans., 2025, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4dt03075c.
Co-doped V2O5 nanozyme with excellent peroxidase- and oxidase-like activities for efficient degradation of oxytetracycline without an activator
Authors: Ruiyi Li , Chen Yang , Zaijun Li
Published: February 2025

We report synthesis of a Co-doped V2O5 nanozyme by introducing histidine and serine-functionalized and boron-doped graphene quantum dots. The nanozyme exhibits excellent peroxidase- and oxidase-like activities for degradation of oxytetracycline.
Persistent subclinical renal injury in female rats following renal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Moronge Desmond , Godley Hannah , Ayulo Victor , Mellott Elisabeth , Elgazzaz Mona , Cooper Gibson , Mohamed Riyaz , Ogbi Safia , Gillis Ellen , Faulkner Jessica L. , Sullivan Jennifer C.
Published: February 2025

The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) continues to rise in both men and women. Although creatinine levels return to normal quicker in females following AKI than in males, it remains unclear whether subclinical renal injury persists in young females post-AKI. This study tested the hypothesis that AKI results in subclinical renal injury in females despite plasma creatinine returning to sham levels. For the present study, 12–13-week-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized to sham or 45-minute warm bilateral ischemia-reperfusion surgery as an experimental model of ischemic AKI. Rats were euthanized 1, 3, 7, 14, or 30 days post-AKI/sham. Plasma creatinine, cystatin C, kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), and NGAL were quantified via assay kits or immunoblotting. Kidneys were processed for histological analysis to assess tubular injury and fibrosis, and for electron microscopy to examine mitochondrial morphology. Immunoblots on kidney homogenates were performed to determine oxidative stress and apoptosis. Plasma creatinine levels were increased 24 hours post-AKI but returned to sham control levels three days post-AKI. However, cystatin C, KIM-1, and NGAL were increased 30 days post-AKI compared with sham. Tubular injury, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction were all increased in 30-day post-AKI rats compared with sham. Additionally, 30-day post-AKI rats had higher p-JNK expression and lower antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase and catalase levels compared with sham. AKI resulted in higher expression of cleaved caspase 3, TUNEL+ cells, and caspase 9 than sham.

Despite the normalization of creatinine levels, our data support the hypothesis that subclinical renal injury persists following ischemia-reperfusion injury in young female rats.
KiDS-1000: Weak lensing and intrinsic alignment around luminous red galaxies
Authors: Cristina Fortuna Maria , Dvornik Andrej , Hoekstra Henk , Elisa Chisari Nora , Asgari Marika , Bilicki Maciej , Heymans Catherine , Hildebrandt Hendrik , Kuijken Koen , Wright Angus H. , Yao Ji
Published: February 2025

We study the properties of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) selected from the fourth data release of the Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS-1000) via galaxy-galaxy lensing of the background galaxies from KiDS-1000. We used a halo model formalism to interpret our measurements and obtain estimates of the halo masses as well as the satellite fractions of the LRGs, resulting in halo masses of 2.7 × 1012 h−1 M⊙ < Mh < 2.6 × 1013 h−1 M⊙. We studied the strength of intrinsic alignments (IA) using the position-shape correlations as a function of LRG luminosity, where we used a double power law to describe the relation between luminosity and halo mass to allow for a comparison with previous works. Here, we directly linked the observed IA of the (central) galaxy to the mass of the hosting halo, which is expected to be a fundamental quantity in establishing the alignment. We find that the dependence of the IA amplitude on halo mass is described well by a single power law, with an amplitude of A = 5.74 ± 0.32 and slope of βM = 0.44 ± 0.04, in the range of 1.9 × 1012 h−1 M⊙ < Mh < 3.7 × 1014 h−1 M⊙. We also find that both red and blue galaxies from the source sample associated with the LRGs are randomly oriented, with respect to the LRGs, although our detection significance is limited by the uncertainty in our photometric redshifts.
A convergence formula for sound transmission loss of composite laminates based on three different shear deformation theories
Authors: Zhang Zhihao , Ye Renchuan , Ji Ming , Zhu Guoliang
Published: February 2025

The analysis of Sound Transmission Loss (STL) for composite laminates based on Classical Plate Theory (CPT), First-order Shear Deformation Theory (FSDT), and Third-order Shear Deformation Theory (TSDT) has been widely applied. However, in the process of conducting sound transmission loss, there are no accurate criteria and formulas available for determining its convergence criterion. The current method for determining convergence is based on several typical frequencies to judge the convergence across the entire frequency range, leading to inaccurate results in the high-frequency region. In this paper, a new convergence criterion and formula are developed based on CPT, FSDT, and TSDT. These can be directly applied to determine the convergence of the sound transmission loss calculation process for composite laminates, suitable for truncated iteration of sound transmission loss across all frequency ranges.
Muscle-to-bone and soft tissue-to-bone ratios in track and field
athletes
Authors: Westerberg Hannah , Stanforth Philip R. , Carbuhn Aaron , Bosch Tyler , Dengel Donald R
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle-to-bone (MBR) and soft
tissue-to-bone ratios (SBR) of 459 track and field athletes across event groups
to identify differences in MBR and SBR. Dual X-ray absorptiometry provided total
and regional (i.e., arm, leg, trunk) lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), and bone
mineral content (BMC). MBR was calculated by dividing LM by BMC. The SBR was
calculated by dividing LM+FM by BMC. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare
ratios across event groups. Dunn’s post-hoc tests were utilized to adjust for
multiple comparisons. Total MBR for females was higher in the throwers compared
to the multievent athletes (p=0.02). For the males, total MBR was lower in
jumpers compared to all events except pole vaulters (PV) (p<0.05). Trunk MBR
was higher in the long-distance runners (LD) compared to jumpers, PV, and
throwers (p<0.05). The throwers had higher total, arm, and leg SBRs compared
to the jumpers, LD, middle distance, PV, and sprint groups (p<0.05).
Significant differences in total and regional MBR and SBR were identified across
event groups for both sexes, and may indicate event-specific adaptations
impacting the balance between soft tissue and bone.
Is Serum Uric Acid to Creatinine Ratio Associated with Hypertension
and Metabolic Syndrome in Children with Obesity?
Authors: Ozdemir Emine Gulsah , Bulus Ayse Derya
Published: February 2025

Childhood obesity is a global health problem with increasing prevalence,
leading to long-term cardiovascular complications. Research conducted on
adults has established a correlation between serum uric acid to creatinine
ratio (SUA/Cr) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components. The study
investigates the relationship between SUA/Cr and hypertension (HT) and MetS
components in children with obesity.

A total of 103 children with obesity who underwent ambulatory blood pressure
measurement (ABPM) were included the study and patients were divided into
two groups “HT” (n=60) and “Normal” (n=43). Demographic, anthropometric, and
laboratory characteristics were retrospectively analyzed.

The study included 103 children (42 female, 61 male) with a mean age of
13.7±2.9 years. HT prevalence was significantly higher in patients with
severe obesity and dyslipidemia (p=0.045, p=0.01). Males exhibited
significantly higher SUA/Cr than females (p<0.001). However, SUA/Cr
showed no significant differences between patients with and without HT,
MetS, dyslipidemia, or hyperglycemia (p=0.69, p=0.64, p=0.90, p=0.37).
Furthermore, linear regression analysis did not establish a significant
effect of SUA/Cr on ABPM parameters (p>0.05).

In our cohort, no significant association was found between SUA/Cr and HT, as
well as MetS components in children with obesity. These findings highlight
the need for further investigation into the complex mechanisms regulating
uric acid metabolism, obesity, and cardiovascular risk in children.
Effect of Resurfaced Patellar Thickness on Outcomes after Total Knee Arthroplasty: Paper for Salman and Karen to process
Authors: Dandamudi Siddhartha , Tollemar Viktor , Spaan Jonathan , Manivannan Ashwinee , Levine Brett R
Published: February 2025

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the gold standard for treatment of end stage knee osteoarthritis. Patellar resurfacing is an optional step in the procedure and remains a controversial topic of discussion. This retrospective study aims to assess the impact of over-resecting and under-resecting the patella during resurfacing on patient reported outcomes (PROMs) and range of motion (ROM) after surgery. 438 (92.2%) of 475 patients who underwent TKA between August 2017 and November 2019 at a single center by a single surgeon were included in the analysis. Patients were split into three study groups based on reconstructed patellar thickness; normal resection (NR) was defined as within 2 mm native thickness, over-resected (OR) was defined as ≤ -2 mm, and under-resected (UR) was defined as ≥ 2 mm. Statistical analyses included chi-squared test, mixed effect models, and cox proportional hazards models. There were 364, 41, 33 patients were in NR, OR, UR group respectively. The cohort mean age at time of surgery was 67.1 ± 9.1 and had mean length of follow-up of 2.1 ± 1.7 years with no difference among cohorts. Significant differences were found in gender (p<0.001) and BMI (p=0.0134) with UR having less males, OR having more males, and OR having lower BMI. At 6 months, the complete cohort ROM improved from 108.7 ± 14.4 degrees to 111 ± 11 degrees, objective Knee Society Score (KSS) increase from 15.4 ± 11.2 to 36.2 ± 12, functional KSS increase from 47.3 ± 18.9 to 65.6 ± 22.2, and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score increase from 46.1 ± 15 to 70.7 ± 15 with no significant differences among cohorts. There were no patellofemoral related complications. This study supports that while it is important to restore the anatomy in the anterior compartment of the knee, minor changes in patellar thickness from patellar resurfacing likely have minimal impact on outcomes for patients. Further studies with a larger sample size are necessary to further validate these findings.
Early experience on universal prophylaxis in infants against RSV: Facts and expectations
Authors: Soriano Arandes Antoni , Creus-Costa Anna , Perramon-Malavez Aida , Andrés Cristina , Vila Jorgina , Gatell Anna , Piñana Maria , Serrano Pepe , González-Sánchez Alejandra , Capdevila Ramon , Prats Clara , Soler-Palacin Pere , Antón Andrés
Published: February 2025

During the 2023-2024 season, nirsevimab significantly reduced the risk of bronchiolitis and confirmed RSV infections in primary care, hospital, and pediatric intensive care unit admissions among infants aged 0 to 11 months, even in a season with a high community RSV burden, particularly for older infants. These findings are very useful for public health authorities to continue to implement immunization campaigns against RSV in the coming seasons.
Moreover, universal immunization against RSV represents a transformative step towards reducing the burden of RSV in infants. With promising evidence from recent published studies, the expectations for a reduction of RSV-associated hospitalizations, alongside the improvement of public health outcomes and an equitable access to these measures, are high. However, achieving these goals will require addressing challenges related to vaccine uptake, funding, and RSV surveillance to prompt detect resistances due to mutations of the virus. These interventions need to be integrated into public health strategies because they hold the potential to make a significant impact on infant’s health worldwide.
Superconductivity of local electron pairs in compounds with noncentral ions
Authors: Kosov A. A.
Published: February 2025

It is shown that the strong interaction of local pairs (LPs) of electrons and holes with vibrations of noncentral ions (i.e., ions moving in a double-well potential) with a low barrier factor between the “wells” of the potential creates more favorable conditions for Bose condensation of pairs in hole superconductors than in electronic superconductors. In the opposite case of weak coupling of LPs with ion vibrations and strong tunneling, the superconducting transition temperature Tc exhibits a resonance-type dependence on the concentration of LPs. The width of the resonance and the resonance concentration depend on the ratio of the barrier factor of the ionic potential and the rate of transfer of LPs between neighboring noncentral ions. A formula is derived for determining the change in the ion potential energy at the superconducting transition.
Exponential temperature dependence of the magnetoresistance of highly pure aluminum in strong magnetic fields
Authors: Morgan V. N. , Chebotaev N. N.
Published: February 2025

The temperature dependences of the transverse magnetoresistance of aluminum with ρ293/ρ4.2 ≈24000 were measured on samples in the form of a Corbino disk in the temperature range 4.2–30 K and in magnetic fields up to 5 T. It is shown that the temperature dependence of the magneteoelectric conductivity is exponential ∼exp (−T/T0) at temperatures T/T0 and of the form T3 at temperatures T > T0; this is explained by the intersheet electron–phonon transfer processes with energy gap T0≈22 K.
Ballistic thermal conductivity of dielectric point contacts. Low-temperature data for NaCl
Authors: Shtefani P. , Feger A. , Shkorbatov A. G.
Published: February 2025

The ballistic regime of heat conduction in NaCl-NaCl point contacts with an effective diameter d ∼ 10−7 m was investigated in the temperature range from 4.2 to 65 K. It was found that the phonon energy transmission coefficient of the contact boundary increases at low frequency, and a size effect was observed in the mesoscopic anomalies of the thermal conductivity of the point contact at temperatures from 25 to 50 K.
Temperature dependence of the parameters of the natural NMR line in aluminum under the conditions of a strong skin effect
Authors: Verkhovskiĭ S. V. , Okulov V. I. , Okulova K. A. , Raevskiĭ V. Ya.
Published: February 2025

The temperature dependence of the second and fourth moments of the NMR line in an aluminum single crystal was found using a simple method developed for separating from stationary signals, obtained under conditions of a strong skin effect, the resonance dependences of real and imaginary parts of the nuclear susceptibility. Line narrowing with increasing temperature was found at low temperatures. This is explained by the existence of a deformed surface layer of the order of one micron thick, in which the contribution of the nuclei to the NMR signal increases with decreasing skin-layer thickness.