bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osteoblastic osteitis of the maxillary sinus
Authors: Tovi Ferit , Benharroch Daniel , Gatot Albert , Hertzanu Yanku
Published: October 2006

Osteoblastic osteitis is a rare kind of bone infection typified by a proliferative reaction of the periosteum and by exuberant bone formation. In the maxillary sinus, it occurs as a consequence of chronic or recurrent sinusitis. It usually manifests with a vague facial discomfort, followed by complications in the deep facial spaces or fossae. The diagnosis is a radiological one. Eradication of this bone infection necessitates removal of the precipitating condition as well as the long‐term administration of appropriate antibiotics. In the case of a deep facial fossae abscess, drainage is mandatory.
History of previous nasal diseases and sinonasal cancer: A case‐control study
Authors: Lareo A. Casal , Luce D. , Leclerc A. , Rodriguez J. , Brugère J.
Published: October 2006

A case‐control study on cancer of the nose and paranasal sinuses, and several risk factors including previous nasal diseases and symptoms, was performed in France from January 1986 through February 1988. The frequency of previous nasal diseases and symptoms was analyzed by histologic type of cancer. Different results were observed for squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas. In men, there were statistically significant associations between squamous cell carcinomas and sinusitis, bleeding from the nose, polyps, rhinitis, and trauma to the nose; and between adenocarcinomas, bleeding from the nose, and rhinitis. In women, there was an association between squamous cell carcinomas and nasal polyps.
Cerebrospinal fistulas in children
Authors: Jones Dwight T. , Mcgill Trevor J. , Healy Gerald B.
Published: October 2006

Cerebrospinal fluid leaks can be difficult management problems. Little information has been published about handling these cases in the pediatric population. A review of cases over the past 10 years at Boston Children's Hospital was undertaken to identify any prognostic factors and therapeutic recommendations. Twenty‐seven patients were identified. While most patients responded to conservative therapy, those with leaks that persisted longer than 8 days required some type of operative closure. Severity of injury had little correlation with the occurrence of a leak. The findings in this study indicate that most pediatric cases can be managed on a conservative basis.
Ventilation of the paranasal sinuses studied with dynamic emission computer tomography
Authors: Paulsson Bo , Bende Mats , Larsson Ingemar , Ohlin Per
Published: October 2006

This investigation's aim was to study a noninvasive method for determining the ventilation of the nasal sinuses. For this purpose, different insufflation techniques using xenon 133 were tried, along with different scintillation camera techniques. Xenon 133 gas was used for insufflation in the nose and sinuses, and the half‐time of the washout curves was determined with the aid of digital scintillation cameras, one of which was capable of dynamic tomography. The tomographic procedure was superior because it made it possible to study the washout from the ethmoidal/sphenoidal sinuses as well. The washout was followed for up to 150 minutes. Great variations in washout were found between different sinuses and also in the same sinus over time. The single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) technique, which is easy to perform and gives a limited absorbed dose to the patient, seems promising for the future evaluation of sinus ventilation and ostial function.
Differentiation of Mycoplasma gallisepticum strains using molecular methods
Authors: Bíró Judit , Erdei Noémi , Székely Ibolya , Stipkovits L.
Published: October 2006

Increasing use of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) live vaccines has led to a need for the differentiation of MG strains. The MG strains MK-7, MS-16, S6, FS-9 and R strains and the MG live vaccine strain F were compared by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) in this study. Using RAPD, different patterns were found among the MG strains. In addition to this, we examined the differentiating potential of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) primers targeted at the crmA, crmB, crmC, gapA, mgc2 and pvpA genes encoding cytadherence-related surface proteins. These proteins may take part in the pathogenesis of MG-induced disease. Differentiation of strain F is based on the identification of restriction enzyme sites in the PCR amplicons. Using HphI enzyme, crmC PCR amplicons produced different RFLP patterns. Digestion of amplicons of gapA-specific PCR with MboI enzyme also produced distinct patterns. Differences were observed among strains R and F by digestion of mgc2 PCR amplicons with HaeIII and VspI enzymes and digestion of pvpA PCR amplicons with AccI, PvuII and ScrFI endonucleases. This method can be used for the rapid differentiation of vaccine strain from wild strains. Differentiation of MG strains is a great advantage for diagnosticians or practitioners and it is useful for epidemiological studies.
Recent developments in canine atopic dermatitis: A review
Authors: Tarpataki Noémi
Published: October 2006

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a genetically predisposed inflammatory and pruritic allergic skin disease with characteristic clinical features. New results on the pathogenesis and therapeutic aspects are discussed in this review. IgE-mediated hypersensitivity may be involved in the largest subset of atopic patients, yet there is another subset for which such involvement cannot be documented. Alterations in epidermal barrier function, priming of cutaneous antigen-presenting cells with IgE, intrinsic keratinocyte defects, and development of autoimmunity are also factors that contribute to the primary disease. Polymorphisms in regions of the genome that are of key importance to the inflammatory response contribute to the patient's clinical picture. Secondary infections, especially with Staphylococcus and yeast organisms, strongly modify or augment the inflammatory response, which changes over time. After the treatment of secondary infections and skin inflammation the avoidance of causal allergens would prevent relapse. Another causative therapy is the variously effective allergen-specific immunotherapy. The newest treatments for canine AD (cyclosporin A and tacrolimus) are highly effective at suppressing the allergic response and comparable to treatment with glucocorticoids. Canine AD presents a substantial diagnostic and therapeutic challenge over a patient's lifetime, and no single treatment is universally effective.
Epidemiological and pathological study on the causes of abortion in sheep and goats in Hungary (1998-2005)
Authors: Szeredi L. , Jánosi Sz. , Tenk M. , Tekes L. , Bozsó M. , Deim Z. , Molnár T.
Published: October 2006

The objective of the investigations was to study the causes of abortion in sheep and goats in Hungary during a 7.5-year period. The authors investigated 246 cases of ovine and 75 cases of caprine abortions by different diagnostic methods. An infectious origin was found in 126 cases (51.2%) of ovine and 19 cases (25%) of caprine abortions. The most important cause of ovine and caprine abortions was Chlamydophila abortus infection with a prevalence of 46% and 17%, respectively. Other infections causing sheep and goat abortions were present only in 5.2% and 8% of the cases, respectively. The results obtained by different diagnostic methods are discussed.
Detection of Helicobacter candidatus suis by pcr in oesophagogastric ulcers of swine in Italy
Authors: Appino Simonetta , Guarda F. , Pregel Paola , Amedeo S. , Cutufia M. A. , Bellonio Giuseppina , Ponzetto A.
Published: October 2006

The aim of this study was to evaluate by PCR the presence of Helicobacter spp. in gastric mucus from the fundic region of the stomach and to investigate its role in oesophagogastric ulcers in swine bred and regularly slaughtered in Piedmont (Northern Italy). Stomachs from 595 regularly slaughtered swine were subjected to gross pathological examination in order to evaluate the presence of gastric ulcers (revealed in 75 cases, 12.6%). Histopathological examination was performed to better characterise erosions and ulcers. DNA extracted from gastric mucus collected from all the ulcer-affected and from 25 normal stomachs was submitted to PCR using Helicobacter spp. 16S rRNA gene target primers. Sixty-three percent (47/75) of the affected stomachs was positive as well as 24% (6/25) of the non-affected ones. Sequence analysis from 5 positive samples showed 99% homology with Helicobacter candidatus suis 16S ribosomal RNA gene.
On the space of p -summable difference sequences of order m , (1 ≦ p < ∞)
Authors: Altay Bilâl
Published: October 2006

The difference
sequence spaces ℓ
∞
(Δ),
c
(Δ) and
c0
(Δ)
were studied by  Kizmaz [8]. The difference sequence space
bvp
,
generated from the space ℓ
p
, has recently been introduced by Başar and Altay [5].
Several papers deal with the sets of sequences whose
mth
order
difference are bounded, convergent or convergent to zero. The main purpose of
the present paper is to introduce the space ℓ
p
(Δ
(m)
) consisting of all sequences
whose
mth
order differences are
p
-absolutely summable,
and is to fill up the gap in the existing literature. Moreover, we give some
topological properties and inclusion relations, a Schauder basis and determine
the α-, β-, γ- and
f-
duals of the space ℓ
p
(Δ
(m)
). The last section of the paper
has been devoted to the characterization of the matrix mappings on the sequence
space ℓ
p
(Δ
(m)
).
Minimization of φ-divergences on sets of signed measures
Authors: Broniatowski Michel , Keziou Amor
Published: October 2006

We consider the
minimization problem of φ-divergences between a given probability measure
P

and subsets Ω of the vector space M
F
of all signed measures which integrate a given class F of bounded or
unbounded measurable functions. The vector space M
F
is endowed with the weak topology induced by the
class F ∪ B
b

where B
b
is
the class of all bounded measurable functions. We treat the problems of
existence and characterization of the φ-projections of
P
on Ω.
We also consider the dual equality and the dual attainment problems when Ω
is defined by linear constraints.
Event related potentials during the visual discrimination of words and pseudowords by children
Authors: Fonseca Lineu C. , Tedrus Gloria M.A.S. , Gilbert Maria Agnes P.
Published: October 2006

Event related potentials (ERPs) in reading were studied in children in a word and pseudoword discriminating task. Seventy-nine children (9 to 11 year old), all with no elements suggesting brain injury and with school performance compatible with their age were studied. The ERP were registered as there were presented, visually, successively and in a random manner, 100 words and 100 pseudowords. For each stimulus the child pressed a key corresponding to the discrimination between word and pseudoword. The register was carried out for the electrodes of the 10-20 system and the mean amplitudes and latency peaks measured and also the amplitude from 200 to 550 milliseconds. The most significant differences between the ERPs occurred in Cz, with greater negativity for the mean of the amplitude between 425 and 550 milliseconds for pseudowords (N400). The N400 was more precocious in 11 year old. The influence of age was thus evident and also the differences in ERPs between words and pseudowords.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults: social-demographic profile from a university hospital ADHD outpatient unit in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Silva Maria Aparecida da , Louzã Mário R. , Vallada Homero P.
Published: October 2006

PURPOSE: To describe the social-demographic variables, including interpersonal, academic, and professional performance in adult individuals with the diagnoses of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There are no reports of this kind in the Brazilian population with ADHD. The ADHD is a common disorder, which can reach up to 3% of the general population. METHOD: Descriptive study of adults with ADHD, according to the DSM-IV criteria (American Psychiatric Association). The sample was selected from a specialized outpatient service in São Paulo city. The social-demographic data was obtained by personal interviews. RESULTS: There was a predominance of males in the sample (61.2%) and a high education level (90.2% had at least a high school degree) and 52% of the 102 patients had repeated their class at a least once during their school lives. In addition, 22.5% of the population sample were unemployed at the time of the interview. CONCLUSION: The distribution of the socio-demographic variables in adult ADHD is similar to other ADHD samples reported in other countries, despite the high education level met in our sample. Similarities between child and adult ADHD could also be traced.
Vascular parkinsonism: analysis of seven cases
Authors: Silva Elton Gomes da , Viana Maura Aparecida , Quagliato Elizabeth Maria Aparecida Barasnevicius
Published: October 2006

INTRODUCTION: Neuroimaging studies of elderly individuals reveal alterations in the white matter that are incompatible with the patient’s parkinsonism, mistakenly classified as vascular parkinsonism (VP). METHOD: This study was conducted on a population composed of 20 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) whose neuroimaging exams revealed vascular alterations in the white matter and seven patients with VP in order to compare diagnostic criteria. RESULTS: Age at disease onset of patients with PD was 55±12 years and patients with VP it was 62±13 years. Twelve patients with PD and five patients with VP presented arterial hypertension; three patients with VP and two patients with PD presented gait impairment; all patients with VP presented rigidity and bradykinesia, six of them presented resting tremor; 19 patients with PD presented tremor and 19 of them presented rigidity, while 17 presented bradykinesia. When the symptoms and evolution of both diseases were compared, the vascular alterations in the white matter were considered unspecific. CONCLUSION: Since clinical symptoms are unspecific, a differential diagnosis requires neuroimaging, good response to levodopa and clinical evolution.
Effects of cervical sympathectomy on vasospasm induced by meningeal haemorrhage in rabbits
Authors: Faleiros Antônio Tadeu de Souza , Maffei Francisco Humberto de Abreu , Resende Luiz Antonio de Lima
Published: October 2006

This study investigates the role of cervical sympathectomy in the prevention of acute vasospasm induced by meningeal haemorrhage in rabbits. Sixteen adult English Norfolk rabbits were divided into 2 experimental groups: bilateral cervical sympathectomy of the superior sympathetic ganglion (SSSG, n=8), and bilateral SSSG and sympathectomy of the inferior sympathetic ganglion (SISG, n=8). Other 24 animals were used as controls. Basilar artery diameter was evaluated by angiography. SSSG protected the animals against developing cerebral vasospasm; SSSG associated with SISG did not increase this effect.
Wrist immobilization after carpal tunnel release: a prospective study
Authors: Martins Roberto S. , Siqueira Mario G. , Simplício Hougelli
Published: October 2006

This prospective study evaluates the possible advantages of wrist imobilization after open carpal tunnel release comparing the results of two weeks immobilization and no immobilization. Fifty two patients with idiopathic carpal tunnel syndrome were randomly selected in two groups after open carpal tunnel release. In one group (A, n=26) the patients wore a neutral-position wrist splint continuosly for two weeks. In the other group (B, n=26) no wrist immobilization was used. Clinical assessment was done pre-operatively and at 2 weeks follow-up and included the two-point discrimination test at the second finger and two questionnaires as an outcome measurement of symptoms severity and intensity. All the patients presented improvement in the postoperative evaluations in the three analyzed parameters. There was no significant difference between the two groups for any of the outcome measurements at the final follow-up. We conclude that wrist immobilization in the immediate post-operative period have no advantages when compared with no immobilization in the end result of carpal tunnel release.
Episodes of Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with the acute phase of HIV-1 infection and with recurrence of viremia
Authors: Castro Gleusa de , Bastos Patrícia Gomes , Martinez Roberto , Figueiredo José Fernando de Castro
Published: October 2006

We report a severe case of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) characterized by flaccid areflexive tetraplegia and signs of autonomic instability related to acute HIV-1 infection, and the occurrence of relapse episodes coinciding with the detection of HIV-1 RNA in blood during the phase of irregular treatment with antiretroviral agents. The patient has been asymptomatic for 3 years and has an HIV-1 load below the limit of detection. The recurrence of GBS in this case may be related to alterations of the immunologic response caused by disequilibrium in the host-HIV relationship due to the increase in HIV-1 viremia.
Acute axonal polyneuropathy with predominant proximal involvement: an uncommon neurological complication of bariatric surgery
Authors: Machado Flavia Costa Nunes , Valério Berenice Cataldo Oliveira , Morgulis Roberto Naun Franco , Nunes Karlo Faria , Mazzali-Verst Sílvia
Published: October 2006

Bariatric surgery is frequently indicated in the treatment of morbid obesity. Previously unreported complications have been associated to this surgery; among them, neurological complications have gained attention. We report the case of a 25-year-old man submitted to gastric surgery for treatment of morbid obesity who developed, two months after surgery, acute proximal weakness in lower limbs. The electroneuromyography revealed axonal peripheral polyneuropathy with predominant proximal involvement. After treatment with immunoglobulin and vitamin supplementation, rapid clinical and neurophysiologic recovery was observed. We describe the clinical and electroneuromyographic features of this case, stressing the difficulty of initial diagnosis, particularly in the differential diagnosis with Guillain-Barré syndrome. We discuss the importance of nutritional follow-up and the eventual indication of routine vitamin supplementation in these patients.
Neuroimagem do transportador de dopamina na doença de Parkinson: primeiro estudo com [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 e SPECT no Brasil
Authors: Shih Ming Chi , Amaro Jr Edson , Ferraz Henrique Ballalai , Hoexter Marcelo Queiroz , Goulart Fabricio Oliveira , Wagner Jairo , Lin Li Fu , Fu Ying Kai , Mari Jair Jesus , Lacerda Acioly Luiz Tavares de , Tufik Sergio , Bressan Rodrigo Affonseca
Published: October 2006

INTRODUÇÃO: Radiotraçadores para neuroimagem de transportador de dopamina (TDA) foram desenvolvidos para estimar a perda de neurônios dopaminérgicos in vivo na doença de Parkinson (DP). OBJETIVO: Avaliar a densidade de TDA in vivo utilizando [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 (INER-Taiwan) e SPECT em uma população de pacientes brasileiros com DP. MÉTODO: Quinze pacientes com DP e 15 controles saudáveis pareados realizaram exames de SPECT com [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 (INER-Taiwan). Estimativas da densidade de TDA estriatal foram calculadas usando potencial de ligação (PL). Pacientes foram avaliados com escalas para PD. RESULTADOS: Pacientes com DP apresentaram redução significativa do PL-TDA (0,38±0,12) comparado aos controles (0,84±0,16, p<0,01). Foi possível discriminar casos de DP de controles com uma sensibilidade de 100% e especificidade de 100%. Foram obtidas correlações negativas entre PL-TDA e escalas de severidade da DP (rho= -0,7, p<0,001) e disfunção motora (rho= -0,8, p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Exames de SPECT com [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 foram capazes de discriminar pacientes com DP de controles. Esta técnica é um instrumento útil para medir a densidade de TDA e pode ser utilizado para clínica e pesquisa no Brasil.
Cerebral ischemia as initial neurological manifestation of atrial myxoma: case report
Authors: Almeida Leila Azevedo de , Hueb João Carlos , Silva Marcos Augusto de Moraes , Bazan Rodrigo , Estrozi Bruna , Raffin Cesar N.
Published: October 2006

Cerebral infarctions of cardiac etiology are observed in around 20% of patients with ischemic stroke. Cerebral ischemia is the first clinical manifestation in 1/3 of cases of atrial myxomas. Although almost half of patients with atrial myxoma show changes at neurological exam, non-hemorrhagic cerebral infarction is seen in computed tomography in practically all cases. We present the case of a 40 year-old woman whose first clinical manifestation of atrial myxoma was an ischemic stroke. We point out to the possibility of silent cerebral infarction in atrial myxoma patients.
Symptomatic non-atherosclerotic bilateral extracranial vertebral artery occlusion treated with extracranial to intracranial bypass: case report
Authors: Costa Leodante B. da , Tymianski Michael
Published: October 2006

Posterior fossa ischemia is not a very frequent situation. It is responsible for about 25% of all ischemic strokes, and the vast majority of the cases are related to atherosclerotic stenosis of the vertebral and/or basilar arteries. Acute ischemia can also occur in the setting of vertebral artery dissection, traumatic or spontaneous. Recently, blunt trauma has been increasingly recognized as a cause for craniocervical artery injury. The management options for both traumatic and atherosclerotic lesions of the posterior fossa are still under debate. We present a case of a delayed onset of hemodynamic ischemic symptoms due to bilateral vertebral artery occlusion probably related to remote trauma to the head and neck in a 55-year-old-man treated successfully with extracranial to intracranial bypass.
Oclusión espontánea de malformación arteriovenosa cerebral parcialmente embolizada: reporte de dos casos
Authors: Alejandro Torrico T. , José Tevah C.
Published: October 2006

OBJETIVO: Mostrar dos casos de oclusión espontánea de remanente malformativo previamente embolizado y analizar sus probables causas. MÉTODO: Revisión retrospectiva de pacientes con malformaciones arteriovenosas cerebrales (MAV) embolizadas entre Enero de 1999 y Agosto de 2005 en nuestra institución y análisis de dos casos de oclusión de MAV remanentes. RESULTADOS: Se presentan dos casos de MAV tratadas por vía endovascular, con remanentes del nido malformativo post-embolización, que posteriormente en controles angiográficos presentan desaparición completa de las lesiones sin mediar otro tratamiento. CONCLUSIÓN: La oclusión espontánea de un remanente arteriovenoso es un hecho infrecuente. Se discuten diversos mecanismos relacionados.
Effectiveness of clobazam as add-on therapy in children with refractory focal epilepsy
Authors: Silveira Mariana Ribeiro Marcondes da , Montenegro Maria Augusta , Franzon Renata Cristina , Guerreiro Carlos A.M. , Guerreiro Marilisa M.
Published: October 2006

The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of clobazam in children with refractory focal epilepsy. We investigated 100 consecutive patients concerning etiology of epilepsy, previously used antiepileptic drugs, seizure frequency and adverse events. Clobazam was introduced as add-on therapy in patients with previous failure of at least two monotherapies. Mean age was eight years-old and 39 patients were girls. Clobazam mean dosage was 23.6 mg/day. Mean use of clobazam was 18.6 months. Twenty-two patients had adverse events. Twenty-six patients became seizure-free, 11 had an improvement of >75% and in 58 there was no modification in seizure frequency. Five patients had an increase in seizure frequency. Clobazam efficacy lasted for more than one year in 42% of the seizure-free patients. Clobazam seems to be safe and effective in the treatment of focal epilepsy in childhood and should be considered in patients with refractory seizures.
White matter lesions in Fabry disease before and after enzyme replacement therapy: a 2-year follow-up
Authors: Jardim Laura B. , Aesse Flávio , Vedolin Leonardo M. , Pitta-Pinheiro Cláudio , Marconato João , Burin Maira G. , Cecchin Cláudia , Netto Cristina B.O. , Matte Ursula S. , Pereira Fernanda , Kalakun Luciane , Giugliani Roberto
Published: October 2006

PURPOSE: To report the clinical and neuroimaging, central nervous system (CNS) findings of patients with Fabry disease (FD) during 24 months of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with agalsidase-alpha. METHOD: Eight patients were included. Six completed 24 months of ERT. Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were obtained at 0, 12 and 24 months of ERT. White matter lesions (WML) were evaluated as well as their relation to age, symptoms and neurological examination (CNS score). RESULTS: MRI was stable in 3 patients. WML and CNS score worsened in one patient, fluctuated in another, and improved in the sixth patient. In the whole series, there were 15 WML at baseline, and 19 at the 24th month. In two years, 4 lesions disappeared, whereas 8 appeared. CONCLUSION: A widespread pattern of silent WML in FD was seen. In two years, some WML appeared, and some disappeared. If these phenomena were related to the natural history, remains to be demonstrated.
Clinical and epidemiological profile of multiple sclerosis in a reference center in the State of Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Cardoso Eduardo , Fukuda Thiago , Pereira Júlio , Seixas Jamile , Miranda Rafael , Rodrigues Bernardo , Saback Thaís , Andrade Renata , Cardoso Grace , Martinez Rosa , Avena Juliane , Melo Ailton
Published: October 2006

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating and degenerative disease that affects the central nervous system. Its prevalence and clinical aspects vary according to the continent considered, being more frequent in Caucasians and young individuals aged 20 to 40 years. Epidemiological data from Brazil show that prevalence is variable, being more frequent in the Southern and Southeastern areas of the country, rather than in the Northern and Northeastern areas. The purpose of this paper is to describe MS clinical and epidemiological features in the State of Bahia, in the Brazilian Northeastern region. Thus, we held a cross-sectional study over the period from February to May, 2005, in the Multiple Sclerosis Patient Support Center ("Núcleo de Apoio aos Pacientes com Esclerose Múltipla") of Bahia, which included all patients with a diagnosis of MS seen over this period of time. A total of 121 patients were investigated, being 80.2% females (female:male ratio=4:1), with higher frequency in mulatto individuals (64%), and the relapsing-remitting type (91.3%). Most patients (68.7%) had mild MS, and blacks were prone to worse prognosis compared to other patients.
Post-stroke motor and functional evaluations: a clinical correlation using Fugl-Meyer assessment scale, Berg balance scale and Barthel index
Authors: Oliveira Roberta de , Cacho Enio Walker Azevedo , Borges Guilherme
Published: October 2006

Stroke is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality. Sequels deriving from this event may lead to motor disability and from mild to severe deficits. In order to better classify sensory-motor dysfunction, balance and ability to perform activities of daily living, quantitative and qualitative evaluation scales have been used. OBJECTIVE: To correlate the scales Fugl-Meyer assessment scale, Berg balance scale and Barthel index. Twenty subjects with sequel after a single, unilateral stroke in chronic phase (>6 months post ictus) were evaluated for about one hour. RESULTS: Barthel scale was statistically related to the total motor score of Fugl-Meyer assessment (r=0.597, p=0.005). The lower limb section at Fugl-Meyer had positive correlation with Berg scale (r=0.653, p=0.002) and with the balance section of Fugl-Meyer own scale (r=0.449, p=0.047). Both balance scales were correlated one with other (r=0.555, p=0.011). Statistical divergence appeared when Barthel's Index was correlated with Berg's Scale (r=0.425, p=0.062), and it is not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The use of both quantitative and qualitative scales was shown to be a good measuring instrument for the classification of the general clinical performance of the patient, especially when positively related joint evaluations are applied.
Comparison between neuropsychological evaluation instruments for severe dementia
Authors: Wajman José Roberto , Bertolucci Paulo Henrique F.
Published: October 2006

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between two tools for cognitive evaluation, Mini-Mental State Examination-severe (MMSE-s) and Severe Impairment Battery (SIB), and the Bristol Daily Activities Functional Scale. METHOD: 50 patients from the Behavioral Neurology Section - EPM-UNIFESP - were evaluated. Mean age was 76.8±7.9 (range 57 to 95); 32% were males; mean education was 5.0±2.3 years (range 4 to 15); mean disease duration was 3.9±1.5 years (range 2 to 10). RESULTS: Preliminary results in a small sample drawn from the study group do indicate a difference between the three cognitive scales. SIB and MMSE-s had a better correlation with functional score than MMSE, and MMSE-s had a correlation slightly better than SIB. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that it is possible to follow dementia patients up to severe stage as long as adequate instruments are used, and that there may be differences between scales with regard to sensitivity.
Correlation between parameters of electrophysiological, histomorphometric and sciatic functional index evaluations after rat sciatic nerve repair
Authors: Martins Roberto Sergio , Siqueira Mario Gilberto , Silva Ciro Ferreira da , Plese José Píndaro Pereira
Published: October 2006

The rat sciatic nerve is a well-established model for the study of recovery from peripheral nerve injuries. Traditional methods of assessing nerve regeneration after nerve injury and repair, such as electrophysiology and histomorphometry, despite widely used in neural regeneration experiments, do not necessarily correlate with return of motor and sensory functions. The aim of this experimental study is to investigate the possible correlation between several parameters of peripheral nerve regeneration after repair of sectioned sciatic nerve in Wistar rat. A two-stage approach was used to obtain 17 parameters after electrophysiological, morphometric and sciatic functional index evaluations. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed between these results. Only two positives correlations between different classes of peripheral nerve assessments were noted, between sciatic functional index and proximal nerve fiber diameter (r=0.56, p<0.01) and between sciatic functional index and distal fiber diameter (r=0.50, p<0.01). The data presented in our study demonstrates that there is a poor correlation between the sciatic functional index and outcome measures of electrophysiological and morphometric evaluations.
Complex paraclinoidal and giant cavernous aneurysms: importance of preoperative evaluation with temporary balloon occlusion test and SPECT
Authors: Souto Antônio Aversa do , Domingues Flavio S. , Espinosa Gaudencio , Wajnberg Eduardo , Chagas Haroldo , Tragante Rodrigo , Altino Marcelo , André Charles , Souza Jorge Marcondes de
Published: October 2006

In the treatment of complex paraclinoidal and giant cavernous aneurysms, preservation of the patency of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is not always possible, and therapeutic occlusion of the carotid is still an important option for their management. A complete preoperative evaluation of the carotid reserve circulation, including the use of temporary balloon occlusion test and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) should be included in the current paradigms of paraclinoidal and intracavernous aneurysms management. We present a series of fifteen patients with sixteen giant or complex carotid cavernous or ophthalmic aneurysms that were treated following a protocol for our preoperative decision-making analysis. Extracranial to intracranial saphenous vein bypass was reserved to the cases where carotid occlusion would be associated with high risk of ischemic complications and was performed in three patients. Besides the difficulties in dealing with those complex aneurysms, good clinical outcome was possible in our experience with the designed paradigm.
Expression of nestin and vimentin in gliomatosis cerebri
Authors: Hilbig Arlete , Barbosa-Coutinho Lígia Maria , Toscani Nadima , Ribeiro Marlise de Castro , Cunha Bartira Silveira Campos da
Published: October 2006

Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) is a rare form of CNS neoplasia in which there is diffuse involvement of the nervous tissue with or without the presence of tumor mass. The origin of the tumor is unknown, nor whether it represents a disease with diffuse onset or infiltration from a neoplastic focus. Here we studied the histopathologic characteristics of 6 cases with a diagnosis of GC and performed an immunohistochemical analysis using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), synaptophysin, nestin and vimentin. Most tumor cells were negative for GFAP, even though there were foci of positivity for this marker in all cases. We detected the presence of many positive cells for nestin and vimentin in all studied samples. The presence of these cells may indicate origin of the tumor from undifferentiated cells with a high degree of mobility.
Meningeoma pós-radioterapia
Authors: Barboza Erick de Souza , Panagopoulos Alexandros Theodoros , Lancellotti Carmen Lúcia Penteado , Veiga José Carlos Esteves
Published: October 2006

Os meningeomas são neoplasias derivadas das células aracnóideas, sendo sua origem ligada a alterações genéticas idiopáticas (deleção do braço longo do cromossomo 22), doenças predisponentes à sua formação e indução por radioterapia. Relata-se o caso de um homem de 50 anos com meningeoma pós-radioterapia diagnosticado 20 anos após o tratamento de um oligodendroglioma. Os critérios que suportam o diagnóstico de meningeoma induzido por radioterapia são discutidos, assim como é revisada a literatura pertinente ao assunto.
Prevalência e características da cefaléia em uma população de praticantes regulares de exercícios físicos
Authors: Miranda Fabrício , Dantas Bernardo , Krymchantowski Abouch V.
Published: October 2006

MOTIVO: O impacto causado pela cefaléia pode impedir a aderência a um programa regular de atividade física. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a prevalência e as características da cefaléia em uma população de praticantes de exercícios físicos. MÉTODO: Cem alunos de uma academia foram avaliados. Todos eram alunos regulares por pelo menos 12 meses e praticavam exercícios aeróbicos pelo menos 3 vezes por semana. Um questionário sobre a prevalência e características da cefaléia foi aplicado a todos aqueles que apresentaram nos últimos 12 meses. O questionário de avaliação de impacto MIDAS também foi aplicado. RESULTADOS: 57 homens e 43 mulheres foram incluídos. Oitenta apresentaram cefaléia no período avaliado. Em 63% a dor era pulsátil. Em 73% da amostra a freqüência de crises situava-se em menos de 1 vez a cada 10 dias. O escore do questionário MIDAS foi inferior a 5 em 83% desses pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: Embora não avaliados por médico e baseado em recall, os dados sugerem alta prevalência de cefaléia com critérios de migrânea. É incerto se a prática regular de exercícios físicos reduz a freqüência de crises ou se os sofredores de cefaléia com baixa freqüência de crises são os que fazem atividade física regular.
Ischemic stroke and patent foramen ovale: case report
Authors: Silva Carlos Eduardo Amaral Pereira da , Vale Thiago Cardoso , Leite Flávio José Barbosa , Casali Thais Gomes , Ramalho Gustavo de Moraes , Cruzeiro Marcelo Maroco
Published: October 2006

Approximately 40% of ischemic strokes have no clearly definable etiology and are termed cryptogenic strokes. Patent foramen ovale, a small communication between the left and right atria, is considered to be a risk factor for cerebral embolism. In this study, we report the case of a 29-year-old woman with diagnosis of ischemic stroke due to patent foramen ovale who has undergone percutaneous endovascular closure. The aim of this report is to discuss the relevant aspects of the patent foramen ovale and the cryptogenic stroke, its clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and recurrence.
Vein of Galen aneurysm in an adult: case report
Authors: Marques Robinson M. , Lobão Carlos A.F. , Sassaki Viviane S. , Aguiar Luiz R.
Published: October 2006

Vein of Galen aneurysm is a rare pathology, representing less than 1% of intracranial vascular malformations. We report on a 65 years-old man who experienced a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Brain imaging showed a large calcified expanding mass in the pineal region, confirming the diagnosis of a vein of Galen aneurysm. Because of the spontaneous thrombosis of the malformation, there was no need for microsurgical or endovascular treatment and he is been regularly followed since that.
Central auditory evaluation in multiple sclerosis: case report
Authors: Schochat Eliane , Matas Carla G. , Sanches Seisse Gabriela G. , Carvallo Renata M.M. , Matas Sandro
Published: October 2006

Herein, we report a case of multiple sclerosis in which peripheral and central hearing, were evaluated through early (brainstem), middle and late auditory evoked potentials before and after corticosteroid therapy. Auditory evaluation revealed better performance on all post-treatment tests. In this case, central auditory function tests (behavioral and electrophysiological) identified the location of the impairment (brainstem), which was in agreement with the patient complaint. The speech in noise test and brainstem auditory evoked potentials are definitely appropriate in confirming brainstem lesions.
Avulsão medular torácica sem anormalidades radiológicas: relato de caso
Authors: Falavigna Asdrubal , Mattana Marcelo , Teles Alisson Roberto , Persh Karina Nunes
Published: October 2006

Lesão medular sem anormalidade radiológica é condição rara que acomete mais comumente crianças e contribui com altas taxas de morbidade nestes pacientes. Relatamos um caso de um lactente de cinco meses vítima de acidente automobilístico que se apresentava com nível sensitivo em T2 e paraplegia crural bilateral. Exames radiográficos e tomografia computadorizada de coluna vertebral não evidenciaram lesões ósseas ou ligamentares. A ressonância magnética mostrou transecção completa associada com avulsão medular em segmento compreendido entre T3 a T7. Discutimos esta patologia segundo sua epidemiologia, fisiopatologia, diagnóstico, tratamento e prognóstico.
Influência da temperatura na respiração, produção de etileno e longevidade de inflorescências de esporinha
Authors: Finger Fernando Luiz , Santos Vanessa Rebouças dos , Barbosa José Geraldo , Barros Raimundo Santos
Published: October 2006

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência da temperatura na respiração e produção de etileno em inflorescências de esporinha (Consolida ajacis), e se a produção de CO2 poderia ser utilizada como indicador da longevidade das flores. As hastes foram colhidas, colocadas em vasos e armazenadas em temperatura de 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, e 40ºC até a completa senescência das flores. Ocorreu variação temporal similar na respiração e produção de etileno em função da elevação da temperatura, com produção máxima de 1.854 mL CO2 kg-1 h-1 e de 11,28 mL C2H4 kg-1 h-1 a 30 ºC e 40 ºC, respectivamente. O fator Q10 da respiração entre 5 e 30 ºC oscilou entre os valores de 1,11 e 2,89, semelhante a outros produtos hortícolas. A longevidade das flores foi inversamente proporcional ao aumento da temperatura entre 5 e 30 ºC. A vida de vaso estimada da esporinha foi reduzida de 11,9 para 4,1 dias com o aumento da temperatura de armazenamento de 5 para 30 ºC. A longevidade das flores mantidas a 35 e 40 ºC foi semelhante a das flores armazenadas a 30 ºC.
Comportamento fenológico de videira, cultivar Patrícia em diferentes épocas de poda de frutificação em Goiás
Authors: Silva Ricardo Pereira da , Dantas Gustavo Gondim , Naves Ronaldo Veloso , Cunha Marcos Gomes da
Published: October 2006

O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Silvânia (GO), em pomar comercial de uva `Patrícia' (IAC 871 - 41) durante o período de fevereiro a outubro de 2003. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento fenológico e as características dos cachos e das bagas da cv. Patrícia em diferentes épocas de poda (13/3, 28/3, 12/4 e 27/4). A duração do ciclo (poda - colheita) foi de 152, 172, 185 e 178 dias para as podas realizadas em 13/3, 28/3, 12/4 e 27/4 respectivamente. As épocas de podas não afetaram significativamente o tamanho e a forma dos cachos, entretanto, grandes e medianamente compactos com comprimento médio de 20,52 cm. O maior diâmetro de baga foi encontrado na poda realizada em 27/4 com 19,14 mm, padrões considerados adequados para a cultivar. As diferentes épocas de poda não exerceram influência sobre os teores de sólidos solúveis totais, com média de 18,4 ºBrix. Todavia, houve variação significativa para a acidez total titulável, evidenciada nas podas de 13/3 e 27/4, respectivamente, com 1,44 e 0,87g de ácido tartárico/100 mL de mosto de uva. As diferentes épocas de poda afetaram significativamente a relação SST/ATT, sendo a menor relação encontrada na poda realizada em 13/3 com apenas 13,0 e a maior na poda de 27/4 com 21,9.
Crescimento e desenvolvimento do algodoeiro em diferentes configurações de semeadura
Authors: Silva Ariana Vieira , Chiavegato Ederaldo José , Carvalho Luiz Henrique , Kubiak Daniela Moreira
Published: October 2006

Foram avaliados o crescimento e o desenvolvimento da cultivar de algodoeiro IAC 23 em espaçamentos ultra-adensado, adensado e convencional entre fileiras e com número variado de plantas por metro linear. O experimento foi implantado na área experimental da Universidade de São Paulo/Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Piracicaba (SP), no ano agrícola 2001/2002. O delineamento experimental compreendeu um esquema fatorial, em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições, sendo três espaçamentos entre linhas (0,38; 0,76 e 0,95 m) e quatro densidades de plantas por metro linear (5, 8, 11 e 14). Os parâmetros avaliados foram: índice de área foliar (IAF) e massa seca da parte aérea em todos os estádios da cultura (aparecimento do primeiro botão floral; abertura da primeira flor; maturação fisiológica; primeiro capulho; completa maturação); altura média de plantas, altura de inserção do 1.º ramo frutífero, diâmetro do caule, número de ramos vegetativos e frutíferos e número de internódios, verificados por ocasião da colheita. Nas condições estudadas, a cultivar completou seu ciclo em 161 dias. Constatou-se interação significativa entre espaçamento e densidade para altura média das plantas, número de ramos frutíferos e de internódios e que diferentes configurações de semeadura alteram o crescimento e o desenvolvimento do algodoeiro.
Aplicação conjunta de herbicidas e inseticidas na cultura do milho
Authors: Nicolai Marcelo , Carvalho Saul Jorge Pinto de , López-Ovejero Ramiro Fernando , Christoffoleti Pedro Jacob
Published: October 2006

Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de verificar a seletividade de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência da cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) quando misturados em tanque com inseticidas utilizados no controle de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). O experimento foi realizado com milho safrinha, semeado em fevereiro de 2004, usando o híbrido AGN 2012, em sistema convencional. O delineamento experimental foi do tipo blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdividas no modelo de testemunha dupla, quatro repetições e 15 tratamentos. Os tratamentos foram constituídos pela combinação de três níveis do fator herbicida (g ha-1): mesotrione (120) + atrazine (1500) + Assist 0,5%, nicosulfuron (20) + atrazine (1500) e testemunha capinada; com cinco níveis do fator inseticida: lambdacyhalothrin (10), chlorpyrifos CE (240), chlorpyrifos EC (225), lambdacyhalothrin + thiamethoxam (12,5 + 5,5) e testemunha sem aplicação de inseticidas. Foram observados sintomas de fitotoxicidade moderados para os tratamentos com mesotrione e severos para os de nicosulfuron causados pela interação desses herbicidas com o inseticida chlorpyrifos (formulações CE e EC) que, contudo, não se refletiram em reduções de produtividade.
Influência do tipo e da quantidade de resíduos vegetais associados a herbicidas residuais no desenvolvimento da cultura da soja
Authors: Correia Núbia Maria , Durigan Julio Cezar
Published: October 2006

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar, em condições de campo e na região originalmente sob cerrado, os efeitos de resíduos vegetais [sorgo de cobertura (híbrido Cober Exp), milheto forrageiro (var. BN2), capim pé-de-galinha (Eleusine coracana) e capim braquiária (Brachiaria brizantha)] e duas quantidades de palha (3,0 e 5,5 t ha-1, no primeiro ano do estudo, e 3,5 e 5,8 t ha-1, no segundo), associados a herbicidas residuais (diclosulam a 35 g ha-1 e imazaquin a 140 g ha-1) aplicados em pré-emergência, no desenvolvimento da cultura da soja. Para tal, foi desenvolvido experimento no ano agrícola 2003/2004 e repetido em 2004/2005, na Fazenda Três Marcos, em Uberlândia (MG). No primeiro ano, após a instalação da cultura da soja, plantas de Eleusine coracana tornaram-se as principais infestantes na cobertura de capim pé-de-galinha. Devido à ausência de controle dessa espécie pelos herbicidas testados, a convivência entre ela e a cultura refletiu negativamente nas plantas de soja. O herbicida imazaquin afetou, indiretamente, as plantas de soja, em virtude do seu controle insatisfatório das plantas daninhas. Nas plantas de soja crescidas sobre cobertura de capim braquiária (nos dois anos) e de capim pé-de-galinha (no segundo ano) observaram-se maior produtividade de grãos, acúmulo de massa e altura de plantas. Os resíduos vegetais de sorgo influenciaram negativamente no desenvolvimento das plantas de soja, nos dois anos. Quanto aos níveis de palha, houve diferença entre eles para milheto forrageiro (no primeiro ano) e sorgo (no segundo ano). O menor nível de milheto forrageiro e o maior de sorgo ocasionaram prejuízos às plantas de soja.
Efeito de extratos aquosos de Azadirachta indica, Melia azedarach e Aspidosperma pyrifolium no desenvolvimento e oviposição de Plutella xylostella
Authors: Torres Adalci Leite , Boiça Júnior Arlindo Leal , Medeiros Cesar Augusto Manfré , Barros Reginaldo
Published: October 2006

Foram avaliados a CL50 e o efeito de extratos aquosos de plantas na biologia, oviposição e período embrionário de Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Para determinação da CL50 foram utilizadas concentrações entre 0,03 e 0,8 % para amêndoas de Azadirachta indica (A. Juss.) 0,5 e 7,0 % para casca de Aspidosperma pyrifolium (Mart.) e 0,5 e 12,5 % para frutos de Melia azedarach (L.), obtendo-se as CL50 de 0,06; 2,17 e 2,90%, respectivamente. Verificou-se que os extratos aquosos de todas as espécies vegetais afetaram o desenvolvimento do inseto, principalmente na fase larval. Na fase de pupa, os extratos reduziram a massa e a viabilidade. Houve deformação de adultos para os extratos de A. pyrifolium e M. azedarach e o de A. indica causou maior porcentagem. Todos os extratos possuem efeito tóxico para ovos de P. xylostella, sendo dependente do aumento da concentração. Nos extratos da casca de A. pyrifolium, do fruto de M. azedarach e da amêndoa de A. indica observa-se ação ovicida quando usados na concentração letal de lagartas de primeiro ínstar da praga. Em observações do ovo de P. xylostella com auxílio de um microscópio eletrônico de varredura, verificou-se a existência de microporos onde pode ocorrer a penetração do produto ovicida, além da constatação da textura rugosa da casca do ovo que pode reter ou fixar os extratos.