bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of modular kinetic analysis to mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle of birds exposed to acute heat stress
Authors: Kikusato Motoi , Ramsey Jon J. , Amo Taku , Toyomizu Masaaki
Published: June 2010

We previously showed that heat stress stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in skeletal muscle mitochondria of birds, probably via an elevation in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ). To clarify the mechanism underlying the elevation of ΔΨ, modular kinetic analysis was applied to oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle mitochondria of heat‐stressed birds (34 °C for 12 h). In the birds exposed to heat stress, ‘substrate oxidation’ (a ΔΨ‐producer) was increased compared to control (24 °C) birds, although there was little difference in ‘proton leak’ (a ΔΨ‐consumer), suggesting that an elevation in the ΔΨ at state 4 may be due to enhanced substrate oxidation. It thus appears that enhanced substrate oxidation plays a crucial role in the overproduction of ROS for heat‐stressed birds, probably via elevated ΔΨ.
Are biological sensors modulated by their structural scaffolds? The role of the structural muscle proteins α‐actinin‐2 and α‐actinin‐3 as modulators of biological sensors
Authors: Lek Monkol , North Kathryn N.
Published: June 2010

Biological sensors and their ability to detect and respond to change in the cellular environment can be modulated by protein scaffolds acting within their interaction network. The skeletal muscle α‐actinins have been considered as primarily structural scaffold proteins. However, deficiency of α‐actinin‐3 due to a common null polymorphism results in predominantly metabolic changes in skeletal muscle function. In this review, we explore the range of phenotypes associated with α‐actinin‐3 deficiency, and draw supporting evidence from known interaction partners for its role as a scaffold which acts to modulate biological sensors that result in changes in muscle metabolism and structure.
Fibromyalgia and Fatigue: Central Processing, Widespread Dysfunction
Authors: Finan Patrick H. , Zautra Alex J.
Published: June 2010

Biological and psychological bases for the covariation of pain and fatigue in fibromyalgia (FM) are reviewed. FM is characterized as a disorder of central sensitization, with pain and fatigue as the most prominent symptoms. The roles of sleep disturbance and affective dysregulation as both precipitants and consequences of pain and fatigue in FM are discussed. It is argued that a positive affective disturbance may uniquely characterize pain and fatigue symptoms in FM. Finally, pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments for FM are highlighted, with an emphasis on the efficacy of these treatments in alleviating pain and fatigue symptoms.
Physiological and Psychological Fatigue in Extreme Conditions: The Military Example
Authors: Weeks Sharon R. , McAuliffe Caitlin L. , DuRussel David , Pasquina Paul F.
Published: June 2010

The extreme conditions causing fatigue in military service members in combat and combat training deserve special consideration. The collective effects of severe exertion, limited caloric intake, and sleep deprivation, combined with the inherent stressors of combat, lead to both physiological and psychological fatigue that may significantly impair performance. Studies of combat training have revealed a myriad of endocrine, cognitive, and neurological changes that occur as a result of exposure to extreme conditions. Further contributory effects of multiple military deployments, post‐traumatic stress disorder, and traumatic brain injury may also influence both the susceptibility to and expression of fatigue states. Further research is needed to explore these effects to enhance military readiness and performance as well as prevent injuries.
Cancer‐Related Fatigue: State of the Science
Authors: Mitchell Sandra A.
Published: June 2010

Cancer‐related fatigue (CRF) is a disabling and distressing symptom that is highly prevalent across the cancer continuum from a patient's diagnosis and treatment through survivorship and end of life. It has a multifactorial etiology and significant individual variability in its clinical expression, determinants, and sequelae. Despite the significance of CRF, it is often underdiagnosed, and management is frequently suboptimal. This review synthesizes the state of the science concerning the features, possible mechanisms, and predictors of CRF; offers recommendations for the evaluation of CRF; and appraises the strength of the evidence for a wide range of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions to prevent and manage fatigue during and after cancer and its treatment. There is evidence from methodologically rigorous controlled trials that exercise, psycho‐educational interventions, and cognitive‐behavioral therapy for insomnia are effective in the treatment of CRF, and a wide range of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions has shown initial promise in single‐arm pilot studies with small, heterogeneous samples. Rigorously designed and adequately powered randomized trials are warranted to (1) determine the effectiveness of promising approaches and (2) identify the interventions that are most effective in treating CRF in specific subpopulations (eg, stem cell transplant recipients, older adults, patients with lung or colorectal cancers, survivors, and those at the end of life). Studies to elucidate the biologic expression profiles of CRF, to explicate the mechanisms through which particular interventions impact CRF, and to identify the mediators and moderators of fatigue outcomes will ultimately permit individually tailored approaches for the treatment of CRF.
Physiological and Psychological Fatigue in Extreme Conditions: Overtraining and Elite Athletes
Authors: Purvis Dianna , Gonsalves Stephen , Deuster Patricia A.
Published: June 2010

This article will review relevant mechanisms and markers associated with overtraining syndrome (OTS), and discuss signs and symptoms, differential diagnosis, and current assessment tools for fatigue within the context of overtraining. The findings are drawn from original research and review articles referenced by PubMed and ScienceDirect databases. Sources were selected for their contributions to the current knowledge of biological, psychological, and molecular mechanisms. Data were reviewed for relevance to OTS and then evaluated against criteria that included significant OTS outcomes and findings. Information was systematically analyzed to identify patterns, dependencies, connections, and causal factors. Comparative analysis was confounded by inconsistent metrics, terminology, and variable methodology; potential biomarkers, treatment and prevention approaches, and future research directions are identified. Diagnosing OTS is difficult because underlying cause(s) are unknown; one must exclude other factors that degrade performance and mood status. Many studies are confounded by inadequate experimental designs, poor measures of performance, and different methods for characterizing OTS. OTS is complex because the demands of excessive training in combination with other biologic, psychological, and social stressors are difficult to quantify. However, changes in mood are always noted. Interrelations among dietary patterns; social, psychological and physiological profiles; and the neuroendocrine, immune, and central nervous systems are complex and not adequately elucidated.
Fatigue in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Rothrock Nan
Published: June 2010

Two inflammatory autoimmune diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, are characterized by fatigue. Patient reports support the significant negative impact of the symptom on functioning and well‐being. The prevalence, trajectory, mechanism, and correlates of fatigue in each disease are reviewed. Some disease‐focused treatments have demonstrated a reduction in fatigue. However, until recently, clinical trials have not routinely assessed fatigue. Analyses and interpretation of data have been hindered by variability in the reliability and validity of fatigue measures. Empirically based fatigue treatment guidelines are needed in both conditions.
Perspectives on Fatigue from the Study of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Related Conditions
Authors: Clauw Daniel J.
Published: June 2010

Fatigue is a symptom whose causes are protean and whose phenotype includes physical, mood, and behavioral components. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an illness that has strong biological underpinnings and no definite etiology. Diagnostic criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have helped classify CFS as an overlap of mood, behavioral, and biological components. These include the presence of fatigue for more than 6 months associated with a diminution of functional activity and somatic symptoms, and pain not attributable to a specific diagnosis or disease. Four of the following criteria need to be present: sore throat, impaired memory or cognition, unrefreshing sleep, postexertional fatigue, tender glands, aching stiff muscles, joint pain, and headaches. Many researchers have observed that CFS shares features in common with other somatic syndromes, including irritable bowel syndrome, fibromyalgia, and temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Correlations between inflammation and infection, augmented sensory processing, abnormalities of neurotransmitters, nerve growth factors, low levels of serotonin and norepinephrine, abnormalities of homeostasis of the stress system, and autonomic dysfunction may be hallmarks of CFS. The relative contributions of each of these abnormalities to the profound fatigue associated with CFS need to be explored further to better evaluate and treat the syndrome.
Building a Measure of Fatigue: The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Scale
Authors: Smith Eleanor , Lai Jin‐Shei , Cella David
Published: June 2010

The shared goal of all clinical disciplines is to optimize the well‐being of people who become patients and find themselves diminished by illness and recovery. This goal relies on sound tools to evaluate both real and perceived deficits in a way that can be used for a particular patient over time and also across medical disciplines and patient populations. Fatigue is a critical and notoriously subjective aspect of many illnesses. Although the soundness of research is often correlated with the objectivity of data, certain clinical measures must, by definition, be patient centered, with all the complexities and challenges of patient‐reported evaluations. Measurement of fatigue has been an important and evolving component of symptom management in the field of oncology. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Scale is a self‐administered fatigue‐assessment tool that has found wide application across diverse medical fields and that has demonstrated validity and utility across a broad range of populations. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue Scale has become one in a repository of tools in the item banks that are accumulating under the auspices of The Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System, a National Institutes of Health initiative to deploy the most clinically relevant and technologically agile tools that we have to advance research in medicine and patient care. As much as with any other discipline, physical medicine and rehabilitation stands to gain from the collective knowledge and creative horizons in the assessment and treatment of fatigue.
Mechanisms by Which Pharmacologic Agents May Contribute to Fatigue
Authors: Zlott Daniel A. , Byrne Mary
Published: June 2010

Fatigue is a common side effect of medications. This review summarizes some of the mechanisms by which drugs may cause fatigue. One major mechanism by which medications can cause fatigue is by central nervous system (CNS) depression. CNS depression can result from decreased excitatory activity, as is commonly seen with some anticholinergic agents, centrally acting α‐agonists, and anticonvulsants. CNS depression can also result from increased inhibitory activity within the CNS, as is seen with benzodiazepines and barbiturates, which augment the effects of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma‐aminobutyric acid. Opioids also increase inhibitory CNS activity through their interactions with the various subtypes of opioid receptors. Acting outside of the CNS, medications may cause fatigue as a result of either a true or a functional anemia by a number of mechanisms. Bone marrow toxicity, which results in decreased hematopoiesis, is such a mechanism. This is commonly seen with antineoplastics agents, but can also be observed in association with a wide variety of medication classes, including anticonvulsants, antidepressants, and antimicrobial agents. Another way that medications can cause anemia is by increased red blood cell destruction, as is seen with immune hemolytic anemia. Additionally, medications may cause a functional anemia through alteration of the heme group within the hemoglobin molecule, as is seen in methemoglobinemia. Finally, many drugs, including placebos, cause fatigue by unknown mechanisms. In addition to causing fatigue, some medications may be used to help relieve fatigue, although this drug class is limited in number at this point in time.
The Morphology of Chinese
Authors: Packard Jerome L.
Published: June 2010

This ground breaking study dispels the common belief that Chinese 'doesn't have words' but instead 'has characters'. Jerome Packard's book provides a comprehensive discussion of the linguistic and cognitive nature of Chinese words. It shows that Chinese, far from being 'morphologically impoverished', has a different morphological system because it selects different 'settings' on parameters shared by all languages. The analysis of Chinese word formation therefore enhances our understanding of word universals. Packard describes the intimate relationship between words and their components, including how the identities of Chinese morphemes are word-driven, and offers new insights into the evolution of morphemes based on Chinese data. Models are offered for how Chinese words are stored in the mental lexicon and processed in natural speech, showing that much of what native speakers know about words occurs innately in the form of a hard-wired, specifically linguistic 'program' in the brain.
The Dynastic State and the Army under Louis XIV
Authors: Rowlands Guy
Published: June 2010

The 'personal rule' of Louis XIV witnessed a massive increase in the size of the French army and an apparent improvement in the quality of its officers, its men and the War Ministry. However, this is the first book to treat the French army under Louis XIV as a living political, social and economic organism, an institution which reflected the dynastic interests and personal concerns of the king and his privileged subjects. The book explains the development of the army between the end of Cardinal Mazarin's ministry and the outbreak of the War of the Spanish Succession, emphasising the awareness of Louis XIV and his ministers of the need to pay careful attention to the condition of the king's officers, and to take account of their military, political, social and cultural aspirations.
A Portfolio of Lunar Drawings
Authors: Hill Harold , Baum Richard
Published: June 2010

Harold Hill's lunar portfolio is a unique collection of drawings now published for the first time. Each illustration is supplemented with notes made at the time of observation. Astronomical drawing still has an important place alongside photography in the same way that photography has not supplanted the artist in the fields of botany and ornithology, for example. Indeed, since astronomical images tend to shimmer because of turbulence in the Earth's atmosphere, drawings constructed by an artist who takes advantage of the fleeting moments of perfect vision are often more detailed than photographs. No one can fail to be impressed by the beauty and artistry of this work and, to the initiated, the accuracy and attention to detail is remarkable. This is a book for astronomers, amateur and professional alike, and for those who would simply like to know more about the moon.
Living Feminism
Authors: Bulbeck Chilla
Published: June 2010

In this rich, evocative and challenging 1997 book, Chilla Bulbeck examines the impact of feminism on ordinary Australian women. She argues that the impact of feminism on women's lives has been significant, even though many of the women whose lives have changed because of its influence shun the term 'feminist', or find feminism irrelevant. The lives of sixty women, whose own words and experiences make up most of this book, are set against broader changes in Australian society since the 1950s. These women reveal their attitudes to feminism, but the book's focus is on other aspects of their lives: growing up, education, work, marriage and divorce, motherhood and children, and sex and sexuality. Women of all ages, from various ethnic backgrounds, from cities and the country tell their stories. Partly a history of feminism, the book also unflinchingly considers whether feminism is only relevant to white, middle-class women.
Modular Forms and Functions
Authors: Rankin Robert A.
Published: June 2010

This book provides an introduction to the theory of elliptic modular functions and forms, a subject of increasing interest because of its connexions with the theory of elliptic curves. Modular forms are generalisations of functions like theta functions. They can be expressed as Fourier series, and the Fourier coefficients frequently possess multiplicative properties which lead to a correspondence between modular forms and Dirichlet series having Euler products. The Fourier coefficients also arise in certain representational problems in the theory of numbers, for example in the study of the number of ways in which a positive integer may be expressed as a sum of a given number of squares. The treatment of the theory presented here is fuller than is customary in a textbook on automorphic or modular forms, since it is not confined solely to modular forms of integral weight (dimension). It will be of interest to professional mathematicians as well as senior undergraduate and graduate students in pure mathematics.
The Origins of Native Americans
Authors: Crawford Michael H.
Published: June 2010

Who are the Native Americans? When and how did they colonize the New World? What proportion of the biological variation in contemporary Amerindian populations was 'made in America' and what was brought from Siberia? This book is a unique synthesis of the genetic, archaeological and demographic evidence concerning the native peoples of the Americas, using case studies from contemporary Amerindian and Siberian indigenous groups to unravel the mysteries. It culminates in an examination of the devastating collision between European and Native American cultures following contact, and the legacy of increased incidence of chronic diseases that still accompanies the acculturation of native peoples today. This compelling account will be required reading for all those interested in the anthropology of Native Americans, past, present and future.
Slavery and Colonial Rule in French West Africa
Authors: Klein Martin A.
Published: June 2010

Martin Klein's book is a history of slaves during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in three former French colonies. It investigates the changing nature of local slavery over time, and the evolving French attitudes towards it, through the phases of trade, conquest and colonial rule. The heart of the study focuses on the period between 1876 and 1922, when a French army composed largely of slave soldiers took massive numbers of slaves in the interior, while in areas near the coast, hesitant actions were taken against slave-raiding, trading and use. After 1900, the French withdrew state support of slavery, and as many as a million slaves left their masters. A second exodus occurred after World War I, when soldiers of slave origin returned home. The renegotiation of relationships between those who remained and their masters carries the story into the contemporary world.
Church and State in Bourbon Mexico
Authors: Brading D. A.
Published: June 2010

In the eighteenth century the Mexican Church experienced spiritual renewal and intellectual reform. The establishment of Franciscan missionary colleges, of the Oratory, and of convents and sisterhoods was to the great benefit of the diocese of Michoacán. Thriving confraternities demonstrated the vigour of parochial life. But the secular clergy remained divided between a wealthy elite and an impecunious mass of curates and country vicars, with the cathedral chapter dominated by a group of enlightened peninsular canons. Charles III and his successor expelled the Jesuits, secularised mendicant parishes, investigated closely popular religion, stripped the clergy of their immunity from royal courts and then seized their wealth. In 1810 priests from the Michoacán diocese led the popular Insurgency which challenged Spanish rule. Here therefore is a rounded portrait of the Mexican Church at its meridian, touching upon virtually all aspects of religious life. At its core is the clash between post-Tridentine baroque Catholicism and enlightened despotism.
Economic Thought and Economic Reform in the Soviet Union
Authors: Sutela Pekka
Published: June 2010

Although the history of centrally planned economies has been widely studied, the development of socialist thinking on the subject has remained largely uncharted. In this 1991 work, Pekka Sutela presents a detailed analysis of Soviet economic thought and theory. Dr Sutela traces the competing currents in the Marxist tradition of socialist economies from the Revolution to the present day. In particular he shows how the Gorbachev economic reform programme of 1987 rose from the work of Nobel Prize economist L. V. Kantorovich and his followers. However, this programme failed and the author explains in some detail why this happened. Since then, Soviet economists have tried to abandon their traditional theory of central planning and move along the path and long established contacts with leading Soviet economists, Pekka Sutela is able to show how Soviet economic thinking has moved from dogmatism through reformism to pragmatism.
Carbon Nanotube Science
Authors: Harris Peter J. F.
Published: June 2010

Carbon nanotubes represent one of the most exciting research areas in modern science. These molecular-scale carbon tubes are the stiffest and strongest fibres known, with remarkable electronic properties, and potential applications in a wide range of fields. Carbon Nanotube Science is a concise, accessible book, presenting the basic knowledge that graduates and researchers need to know. Based on the successful Carbon Nanotubes and Related Structures, this book focuses solely on carbon nanotubes, covering the major advances made in recent years in this rapidly developing field. Chapters focus on electronic properties, chemical and bimolecular functionalisation, nanotube composites and nanotube-based probes and sensors. The book begins with a comprehensive discussion of synthesis, purification and processing methods. With its comprehensive coverage of this active research field, this book will appeal to researchers in a broad range of disciplines, including nanotechnology, engineering, materials science and physics.
History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey
Authors: Shaw Stanford J. , Shaw Ezel Kural
Published: June 2010

Reform, Revolution and Republic: The Rise of Modern Turkey, 1808–1975 is the second book of the two-volume History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey. It discusses the modernization of the Ottoman Empire during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the spread of nationalism among its subject peoples, and the revolutionary changes in Ottoman institutions and society that led to the Empire's demise and the rise of the democratic Republic of Turkey. Based on extensive research in the Ottoman archives as well as Western sources, this volume analyzes the external pressures, reform measures, institutional changes, and intellectual movements that affected the heterogeneous Ottoman society during the Empire's last century. It concludes with an analysis of contemporary Turkey's constitutional and political structures and principal domestic and foreign problems.
Strategy and Organization
Authors: Heracleous Loizos
Published: June 2010

Examining some of the new and emerging issues in strategic management, Loizos Heracleous offers a fresh approach to the established ideas of strategy. Beginning with the historical development of the strategy field, including the influence of industrial organisation and the resource-based view, he develops a new perspective labelled an 'organisational action' view of strategy. This approach is theoretically underlain by organisation theory and takes seriously such issues as the role of agency, the need for a longitudinal focus on process, the complexities of strategy implementation, and organisational facets such as strategic choice, organisational culture, organisational discourses and learning. Combining theoretical subtlety with an applied orientation, Heracleous examines topical areas such as corporate governance, inter-organisational networks, and organising for the future. With original research and extensive surveys of the strategy literature, combined with a strong practical orientation, this book is ideal for MBA students, strategy researchers and the more thoughtful practitioner.
Linear Operators and Linear Systems
Authors: Partington Jonathan R.
Published: June 2010

Linear systems can be regarded as a causal shift-invariant operator on a Hilbert space of signals, and by doing so this 2004 book presents an introduction to the common ground between operator theory and linear systems theory. The book therefore includes material on pure mathematical topics such as Hardy spaces, closed operators, the gap metric, semigroups, shift-invariant subspaces, the commutant lifting theorem and almost-periodic functions, which would be entirely suitable for a course in functional analysis; at the same time, the book includes applications to partial differential equations, to the stability and stabilization of linear systems, to power signal spaces (including some recent material not previously available in books), and to delay systems, treated from an input/output point of view. Suitable for students of analysis, this book also acts as an introduction to a mathematical approach to systems and control for graduate students in departments of applied mathematics or engineering.
A First Course in Continuum Mechanics
Authors: Gonzalez Oscar , Stuart Andrew M.
Published: June 2010

A concise account of various classic theories of fluids and solids, this book is for courses in continuum mechanics for graduate students and advanced undergraduates. Thoroughly class-tested in courses at Stanford University and the University of Warwick, it is suitable for both applied mathematicians and engineers. The only prerequisites are an introductory undergraduate knowledge of basic linear algebra and differential equations. Unlike most existing works at this level, this book covers both isothermal and thermal theories. The theories are derived in a unified manner from the fundamental balance laws of continuum mechanics. Intended both for classroom use and for self-study, each chapter contains a wealth of exercises, with fully worked solutions to odd-numbered questions. A complete solutions manual is available to instructors upon request. Short bibliographies appear at the end of each chapter, pointing to material which underpins or expands upon the material discussed.
Physics of Crystal Growth
Authors: Pimpinelli Alberto , Villain Jacques
Published: June 2010

This 1998 study introduces the physical principles of how and why crystals grow. The first three chapters recall the fundamental properties of crystal surfaces at equilibrium. The next six chapters describe simple models and basic concepts of crystal growth including diffusion, thermal smoothing of a surface, and applications to semiconductors. Following chapters examine more complex topics such as kinetic roughness, growth instabilities, and elastic effects. A brief closing chapter looks back at the crucial contributions of crystal growth in electronics during the twentieth century. The book focuses on growth using molecular beam epitaxy. Throughout, the emphasis is on the role played by statistical physics. Informative appendices, interesting exercises and an extensive bibliography reinforce the text.
Hydrodynamics of Ship Propellers
Authors: Breslin John P. , Andersen Poul
Published: June 2010

This book deals with flows over propellers operating behind ships, and the hydrodynamic forces and moments which the propeller generates on the shaft and on the ship hull. The first part of the book is devoted to fundamentals of the flow about hydrofoil sections and wings, propellers in uniform flow and pragmatic design guides for analysis and performance. The second part covers the development of unsteady section and blade forces arising from operation in non-uniform hull wakes. The problem of a non-cavitating, wide-bladed propeller in a wake is treated by a new and completely developed theory. A final chapter discusses the optimisation of efficiency of compound propulsors. The authors have taken great care to clearly describe physical concepts and mathematical steps. An appendix provides a concise introduction to (or reprise of) the mathematical techniques used.
Large-Scale Landscape Experiments
Authors: Lindenmayer David B.
Published: June 2010

Landscape change and habitat fragmentation are key factors impacting biodiversity worldwide. These processes have many facets, each of which is usually studied in isolation. The Tumut Fragmentation Study has run for over 11 years and yielded extensive data on changes in both plant and animal populations in areas of native forest and pine plantation. The study is unique in the way that many different factors and processes, influencing a wide range of species groups, have been studied in the one large-scale natural experiment. Writing for academic researchers, professionals and graduate students, David Lindenmayer uses the study and other relevant research to provide an overview of the relationships between landscape change, habitat fragmentation and biodiversity conservation. Key lessons are drawn on throughout the book, on the design and implementation of large-scale ecological studies, biodiversity conservation in fragmented landscapes, and the management of plantation landscapes for enhanced nature conservation.
The Theatre in Nineteenth-Century Spain
Authors: Gies David Thatcher
Published: June 2010

This is the first comprehensive study of the theatre of nineteenth-century Spain, a most important genre which produced more than 10,000 plays during the course of the century. David Gies assesses this mass of material - much of it hitherto unknown - as text, spectacle, and social phenomenon. His book sheds light on political drama during Napoleonic times, the theatre of dictatorship (1820s), Romanticism, women dramatists, socialist drama, neo-Romantic drama, the relationship between parody and the dominant literary currents of the day, and the challenging work of Galdós. A chapter on the battle to create a National Theatre reveals the deep conflicts generated by the various interested factions in the middle of the century. This readable account will at last allow students and scholars properly to re-evaluate the canon of texts.
English in Nineteenth-Century England
Authors: Görlach Manfred
Published: June 2010

Nineteenth-century English can in many ways be claimed to have laid the foundations for the present-day language, but until recently it has not received as much attention from scholars of linguistics as the English of earlier periods. This book provides an introduction to the distinctive features of nineteenth-century English in England, from spelling to text-types. It examines a wide range of varieties, including political speeches, newspaper articles, advertisements, obituaries, Sunday School poetry, and culinary recipes, so as to illustrate the range of dialects and levels found in the language of that period. The first part of the book provides an overview of the subject, while the second part contains an extensive selection of texts. 100 exercises spread throughout the book serve to introduce the student to the problems and methods involved in English historical linguistics.
Uncertain Boundaries
Authors: Regini Marino
Published: June 2010

During the post-World War II period, a pattern emerged in several European countries: the concentrated and centralized political regulation of the economy, based on the adoption of Keynesian policies, the development of the welfare state and moderately successful attempts at tripartite integration. This pattern entered a deep crisis in the 1980s however, and in the view of many observers, was replaced by a far-reaching deregulation of the economy. The author argues that social and political institutions have by no means lost their ability to structure economic activities. They have, in fact, shaped the different ways in which the European economies have adjusted to market conditions. A pattern of 'micro-social' regulation of European economies emerged as a potential candidate to take the place of the 'macropolitical' one. This volume discusses the conditions under which a change from a macro to a micro form takes place, as well as the features of the emerging pattern.
Wagner's Ring Cycle and the Greeks
Authors: Foster Daniel H.
Published: June 2010

Through his reading of primary and secondary classical sources, as well as his theoretical writings, Richard Wagner developed a Hegelian-inspired theory linking the evolution of classical Greek politics and poetry. This book demonstrates how, by turning theory into practice, Wagner used this evolutionary paradigm to shape the music and the libretto of the Ring cycle. Foster describes how each of the Ring's operas represents a particular phase of Greek poetic and political development: Das Rheingold and Die Walküre create epic national identity in its earlier and later stages respectively; Siegfried expresses lyric personal identity; and Götterdämmerung destructively culminates with a tragi-comedy about civic identity. This study sees the Greeks through the lens of those scholars whose work influenced Wagner most, focusing on epic, lyric, and comedy, as well as Greek tragedy. Most significantly, the book interrogates the ways in which Wagner uses Greek aesthetics to further his own ideological goals.
The Shiites of Lebanon under Ottoman Rule, 1516–1788
Authors: Winter Stefan
Published: June 2010

The Shiites of Lebanon under Ottoman Rule provides an original perspective on the history of the Shiites as a constituent of Lebanese society. Winter presents a history of the community before the 19th century, based primarily on Ottoman Turkish documents. From these, he examines how local Shiites were well integrated in the Ottoman system of rule, and that Lebanon as an autonomous entity only developed in the course of the 18th century through the marginalization and then violent elimination of the indigenous Shiite leaderships by an increasingly powerful Druze-Maronite emirate. As such the book recovers the Ottoman-era history of a group which has always been neglected in chronicle-based works, and in doing so, fundamentally calls into question the historic place within 'Lebanon' of what has today become the country's largest and most activist sectarian community.
Mainstreaming Climate Change in Development Cooperation
Authors: van der Grijp Nicolien
Published: June 2010

Climate change, development and development cooperation are, individually and jointly, three politically sensitive, complex issues, especially in the context of relations between developed and developing countries. This book tackles these issues by combining theoretical, political, and practical perspectives, analysing the dominant paradigms and exploring the meaning of the concept of mainstreaming. At the practical level, it presents the results of case studies focusing on assistance provided by the European Union and key member states and the climate needs articulated by developing countries. At the political level, it highlights the sensitivities between developed and developing countries and examines the mainstreaming debate in various fora. This book is valuable for policymakers, academics, politicians and non-state actors working in the fields of development studies, international law, politics, international relations, economics, climate change, and environmental studies.
Evaluating Clinical and Public Health Interventions
Authors: Katz Mitchell H.
Published: June 2010

Whether you are evaluating the effectiveness of a drug, a medical device, a behavioral intervention, a community mobilization, or even a new law, this is the book for you. Written in plain language, it simplifies the process of designing interventions, analyzing the data, and publishing the results. Because the choice of research design depends on the nature of the intervention, the book covers randomized and nonrandomized designs, prospective and retrospective studies, planned clinical trials and observational studies. In addition to reviewing standard statistical analysis, the book has easy-to-follow explanations of cutting edge techniques for evaluating interventions, including propensity score analysis, instrumental variable analysis, interrupted time series analysis and sensitivity analysis. All techniques are illustrated with up-to-date examples from medical and public health literature. This will be essential reading for a wide range of healthcare professionals involved in research as well as those more specifically interested in public health issues and epidemiology.
Writing Successful Academic Books
Authors: Haynes Anthony
Published: June 2010

'Publish or perish' is a well-established adage in academia. Never has the pressure on academics to publish been greater. Yet the prospect of writing a book can seem daunting, while the business of getting it published may be mystifying. Written by an expert in academic publishing, Writing Successful Academic Books provides a practical guide to both writing and getting published. It covers all stages of academic authorship from developing the initial idea for a book through to post-publication issues, showing how to avoid the common pitfalls and achieve academic and professional success through publication. Full of real life examples, including a sample book proposal, the book covers everything you need to know to build up an authorial career. This is an invaluable guide for academic authors – prospective or established – in all disciplines.
Dialogical Self Theory
Authors: Hermans Hubert , Hermans-Konopka Agnieszka
Published: June 2010

In a boundary-crossing and globalizing world, the personal and social positions in self and identity become increasingly dense, heterogeneous and even conflicting. In this handbook scholars of different disciplines, nations and cultures (East and West) bring together their views and applications of dialogical self theory in such a way that deeper commonalities are brought to the surface. As a 'bridging theory', dialogical self theory reveals unexpected links between a broad variety of phenomena, such as self and identity problems in education and psychotherapy, multicultural identities, child-rearing practices, adult development, consumer behaviour, the use of the internet and the value of silence. Researchers and practitioners present different methods of investigation, both qualitative and quantitative, and also highlight applications of dialogical self theory.
Instructional Planning Systems
Authors: Taylor John L.
Published: June 2010

This book is concerned with the educational aspects of gaming simulation procedures and their application to urban studies and to the teaching of town planning. It analyses the availability and relevance of these instructional simulation techniques as a simple way of presenting, relating and manipulating many divergent observations concerning the environment and human settlement. Dr Taylor divides his book into three main sections: the first identifies the background and evolution of instructional simulation, the second examines urban development gaming's emerging importance and justification and the third reviews some of the issues that must be contemplated if the potential of gaming simulation techniques are to be fully realised. This was the first book to provide a comprehensive and authoritative review of the state of knowledge on instructional simulations relevant to urban problems. As such it will be of great interest and practical value to all those involved in urban studies and environmental planning.
Asymptotic Analysis of Random Walks
Authors: Borovkov A. A. , Borovkov K. A.
Published: June 2010

This book focuses on the asymptotic behaviour of the probabilities of large deviations of the trajectories of random walks with 'heavy-tailed' (in particular, regularly varying, sub- and semiexponential) jump distributions. Large deviation probabilities are of great interest in numerous applied areas, typical examples being ruin probabilities in risk theory, error probabilities in mathematical statistics, and buffer-overflow probabilities in queueing theory. The classical large deviation theory, developed for distributions decaying exponentially fast (or even faster) at infinity, mostly uses analytical methods. If the fast decay condition fails, which is the case in many important applied problems, then direct probabilistic methods usually prove to be efficient. This monograph presents a unified and systematic exposition of the large deviation theory for heavy-tailed random walks. Most of the results presented in the book are appearing in a monograph for the first time. Many of them were obtained by the authors.
Algorithmic Aspects of Graph Connectivity
Authors: Nagamochi Hiroshi , Ibaraki Toshihide
Published: June 2010

Algorithmic Aspects of Graph Connectivity is the first comprehensive book on this central notion in graph and network theory, emphasizing its algorithmic aspects. Because of its wide applications in the fields of communication, transportation, and production, graph connectivity has made tremendous algorithmic progress under the influence of the theory of complexity and algorithms in modern computer science. The book contains various definitions of connectivity, including edge-connectivity and vertex-connectivity, and their ramifications, as well as related topics such as flows and cuts. The authors thoroughly discuss new concepts and algorithms that allow for quicker and more efficient computing, such as maximum adjacency ordering of vertices. Covering both basic definitions and advanced topics, this book can be used as a textbook in graduate courses in mathematical sciences, such as discrete mathematics, combinatorics, and operations research, and as a reference book for specialists in discrete mathematics and its applications.
The Evolutionary Ecology of Ant–Plant Mutualisms
Authors: Beattie Andrew James
Published: June 2010

Mutualistic interactions between ants and plants involve rewards offered by plants and services performed by ants in a mutually advantageous relationship. The rewards are principally food and/or nest sites, and ants in turn perform a number of services for plants: they disperse and plant seeds; they protect foliage, buds, and reproductive structures from enemies such as herbivores and seed predators; they fertilize plants with essential nutrients; and they may sometimes function as pollinators. In this book, initially published in 1985, Professor Beattie reviews the fascinating natural history of ant–plant interactions, discusses the scientific evidence for the mutualistic nature of these relationships, and reaches some conclusions about the ecological and evolutionary processes that mold them. This important work explores the natural history, experimental approach, and integration with contemporary evolutionary and ecological literature of the time will appeal to a wide variety of biologists.
Pharmacology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
Authors: Peck Tom E. , Hill Sue
Published: June 2010

The third edition of this market leading book has been thoroughly updated and expanded, with additional contributions from experts in the field, to include all new drugs available to the anaesthetist and intensive care specialist. Basic pharmacological principles, vital to understanding how individual drugs actually have their effects, are dealt with methodically and with many highly annotated diagrams and tables. With hospital infections becoming increasingly prevalent, the important section on antibiotics has been further expanded. With the third edition, this well established title continues to provide its readers with the most concise yet comprehensive coverage of all aspects of pharmacology. An ideal aid to study and practice for junior and trainee anaesthetists, critical care nurses and all physicians and healthcare professionals working in theatre, accident and emergency departments or intensive care units.
Depersonalization
Authors: Sierra Mauricio
Published: June 2010

Depersonalization is a dissociative disorder, causing alteration in the perception or experience of the self and a detachment from reality. This is a fascinating and clinically relevant phenomenon neglected within psychiatry. Far from being a rare condition, it can be as prevalent as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder and frequently occurs in association with other neuropsychiatric conditions. This book is a review of depersonalization, dealing with the subject from a wide range of perspectives and covering historical, conceptual, clinical, trans-cultural, pharmacological and neurobiological factors. It discusses recent neuroimaging studies providing fresh insights into the condition and opening up new opportunities to manage the symptoms with pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic interventions. It will be relevant to psychiatrists and clinical psychologists, as well as primary care practitioners, neurologists and psychiatric nurses.
Social Emergence
Authors: Sawyer R. Keith
Published: June 2010

Can we understand important social issues by studying individual personalities and decisions? Or are societies somehow more than the people in them? Sociologists have long believed that psychology can't explain what happens when people work together in complex modern societies. In contrast, most psychologists and economists believe that if we have an accurate theory of how individuals make choices and act on them, we can explain pretty much everything about social life. Social Emergence takes a new approach to these longstanding questions. Sawyer argues that societies are complex dynamical systems, and that the best way to resolve these debates is by developing the concept of emergence, focusing on multiple levels of analysis - individuals, interactions, and groups - and with a dynamic focus on how social group phenomena emerge from communication processes among individual members. This book makes a unique contribution not only to complex systems research but also to social theory.
The Archaeology of Etruscan Society
Authors: Izzet Vedia
Published: June 2010

The late sixth century was a period of considerable change in Etruria; this change is traditionally seen as the adoption of superior models from Greece. In a re-alignment of agency, this 2007 book examines a wide range of Etruscan material culture - mirrors, tombs, sanctuaries, houses and cities - in order to demonstrate the importance of local concerns in the formation of Etruscan material culture. Drawing on theoretical developments, the book emphasises the deliberate nature of the smallest of changes in material culture form, and develops the concept of surface as a unifying key to understanding the changes in the ways Etruscans represented themselves in life and death. This concept allows a uniquely holistic approach to the archaeology of Etruscan society and has the potential for other archaeological investigations. The book will interest all scholars and students of classical archaeology.