bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quando Novos Proletários entram em cena: O breque (greve) dos entregadores de apps no Brasil em julho de 2020
Authors: Santiago Joao Carlos da Silva
Published: January 2024

O objetivo do presente artigo é analisar quais os motivos de fundo que ocasionaram a primeira greve(breque) dos entregadores de apps ocorrida no Brasil em julho de 2020 em plena pandemia da COVID-19 que possibilitou a emergência de novos proletários na cena política brasileira, tendo como marcos gerais as lutas internacionais de trabalhadores e trabalhadoras contra as grandes plataformas de delivery, que surgiram da quarta revolução industrial e se expandiram a partir da crise do capitalismo nos anos de 2007-2008, na chamada onda da “uberização”. A pesquisa teve dois momentos: uma revisão da bibliografia sobre o capitalismo de plataformas e a “quarta revolução industrial”, além dos movimentos grevistas em outros países e, no segundo momento, a aplicação de um formulário google com 286 participantes sobre condições de trabalho e participação no breque de 2020, utilizando o método da “bola de neve”, além de duas entrevistas com dois principais dirigentes do movimento que irrompeu no Brasil naquele ano. A conclusão que chegamos é que se trata de um movimento de trabalhadores altamente precarizado, de superexploração, com longas jornadas de trabalho e pouco rendimento que se choca objetivamente contra as grandes empresas do capitalismo de plataformas, passando do estágio de “classe em si” para “classe para si”, além de ter um caráter completamente horizontalista, passando ao largo das velhas estruturas sindicais brasileiras e tendo nas redes sociais seu grande ponto de apoio e seus dirigentes. Mas trata-se de um movimento em transição para a regulamentação previdenciária e trabalhista.
Pemberian Akupresure dan Aromatherapy Fennel Oil Terhadap Peningkatan Produksi ASI
Authors: Putri Rosalin Ariefah , Suryani Heni , Puspitaningsih Rezki
Published: January 2024

Breastfeeding is a crucial process that requires adequate milk production to ensure the baby's health and growth. However, mothers may face difficulty in breastfeeding after giving birth due to insufficient milk production. To address this problem, intervention can be done through a combination of acupressure techniques and aromatherapy using essential fennel oil. This approach has been proven effective in increasing breast milk production and making the process smoother for the mother. The study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure and fennel oil aromatherapy in increasing breast milk volume. The research design was a quasi-experiment with a pretest and posttest group design. The study involved 30 breastfeeding mothers who met the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups using purposive sampling. The results showed that there was a significant increase in breast milk production after providing acupressure techniques and fennel oil aromatherapy. The acupressure technique helped release oxytocin, which is essential in increasing breast milk production. Moreover, providing fennel oil aromatherapy during the acupressure process can help the mother become more relaxed and increase breast milk production. Therefore, we recommend that midwives use acupressure techniques and fennel oil aromatherapy as complementary therapies to help increase breast milk production and ensure a healthy breastfeeding experience for mothers and their babies.
Sari Kedelai Kurma Meningkatkan Kadar Hemoglobin Pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Dewi Yashinta Kumala , Handayani Ririn , Anggraeni Ernawati
Published: January 2024

Anaemia often occurs in teenagers and young women due to nutritional problems. Iron, which is found in food nutrients, plays a significant role in the formation of haemoglobin. Soybeans and dates are some of the foods that contain high iron to elevate haemoglobin levels in the blood. Soybeans dan dates Juice is a drink that circulating and become popular in Indonesia. This study used the Pre-Experimental research type with a Group Pre-Post Test Design approach. Accidental sampling was used to select 18 respondents. The Paired T-test was used for data analysis. Before the participants were given date soybean juice, the average haemoglobin level in 18 respondents was 13.81 gr%. After drinking date soybean juice for six days, the haemoglobin level increased to 15.45 gr%. The difference in average before and after giving date soybean juice was 1.46 gr%. The results of the statistical tests with the Paired T-Test show a p-value of 0.001 < α = 0.05. This test concludes that Ha is accepted, which shows that giving date soybean juice has a positive effect on increasing haemoglobin levels in young women at Baitul Hikmah Tempurejo Vocational School. Therefore, young women should consider consuming date soybean juice to prevent anaemia.
STRATEGY OF ARCHIVES DEPOT UNIT IN ACTIVE DYNAMIC ARCHIVE MANAGEMENT IN CICURUG REGENCY
Authors: Sukaesih Sukaesih , Putri Keke Amalia , Khoerunnisa Lutfi
Published: January 2024

It is undeniable that the implementation of administrative activities in an institution is always directed to the achievement of the goals of the institution efficiently and effectively. One of the factors that contribute significantly to achieving these goals is archive management activities. Archives as a vital asset that acts as a source of information from an institution of course require good management and in accordance with applicable regulations. This study aims to investigate the strategy of the Archives Depo Unit in Cicurug District in active dynamic archive management activities in the Cicurug District Office. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, and includes five sources, all of whom are workers in the Cicurug District Office. The data collection technique used two series, namely observation and semi-structured interviews, then analyzed using three stages of analysis from (Huberman & Miles, 2012). The data analysis techniques include; data reduction, data presentation, and finally drawing conclusions. The results of this study reveal that in general, the Archives Depot Unit of the Cicurug District Office has carried out active dynamic archive management activities well and has been running according to the Sukabumi Regent's Regulation No. 12 of 2007 and also in accordance with the Life Cycle of Records pattern; creation and receipt, distribution, use, maintenance, and disposal or destruction. In addition, the active dynamic archive management activities of the Archives Depot Unit of the Cicurug District Office are claimed to support the administrative activities of the Sukabumi government.
Tinjauan Digitalisasi Benda Bersejarah dari Budaya Lisan Menjadi Arsip Pemerintah
Authors: Adriyana Lasenta , Cahyaningtyas Dwi Fitrina
Published: January 2024

Archives are one of the sectors that have an important role in managing information, especially information about the history of an object from the royal era. Indonesia is a country with a history of quite a lot of kingdoms. The existence of archives that store historical information that can be accessed online will be useful for the z and alpha generations later. Various ways can be used to store archives digitally, one of which is by documenting oral history from the community into scientific articles that can be uploaded on the official website of the local regional government, especially in Ponorogo-Indonesia, such as the sub-district. The purpose of this article is to describe how government websites can act as archives for historical information around the area. This type of research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the literature review method.
Penerapan Hipnoterapi Lima Jari Terhadap Penurunan Skala Nyeri Pada Pasien Kanker Serviks
Authors: Adiningtya Putri , Prasetyorini Heny
Published: January 2024

Nyeri salah satu keluhan utama yang dirasakan oleh penderita kanker serviks karena pertumbuhan tumor, efek prosedur diagnostik, dan pengobatan yang sedang dilakukan secara berulang-ulang.Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi nyeri yaitu hipnoterapi lima jari, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan penerapan hipnoterapi lima jari untuk menurunkan skala nyeri pada pasien kanker serviks.Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif dengan desain pendekatan studi kasus asuhan keperawatan. Subjek pada penelitian yaitu 2 klien yang menderita kanker serviks yang mengalami nyeri skala ringan – sedang. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu lembar observasi kuesioner penilaian nyeri PQRST dan pengukuran nyeri VAS ( Visual Analog Scale) dan standar prosedur hipnoterap lima jari. penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 9 Juni 2023 sampai 11 Juni 2023 dengan pelaksanaan sehari satu kali selama 10-15 menit. Hasil Studi kasus menunjukkan bahwa setelah dilakukan hipnoterapi lima jari selama 3 hari kepada kedua subjek penelitian yaitu mengalami penurunan skala nyeri. Pada subjek pertama terjadi penurunan tingkat skala nyeri dari 6 menjadi 3 dan untuk subjek kedua terjadi penurunan tingkat skala nyeri dari 5 menjadi 2. Dan ini menunjukkan bahwa pemberian hipnoterapi lima jari mampu menurunkan skala nyeri pada pasien kanker serviks.
POE (Predict, Observe, Explain) Model-Based Teaching Materials on Simple Harmonic Motion with a Virtual/Real Laboratory
Authors: Sholihah Badi'atus , Sulur  , Agus Suyudi
Published: January 2024

Referring to the problem of using conventional learning model and teaching material that were less supportive as learning sources, especially in the physics subject, this study aimed to develop POE (Predict, Observe, Explain) model-based teaching materials on simple harmonic motion with a virtual/real laboratory. The type of research used in this study was research and development based on Borg and Gall's framework, which consisted of five steps. The validation subjects consisted of physics lecturers at FMIPA UM, high school physics teachers, and fifteen students from SMA Laboratorium Malang. The research instruments used were an assessment questionnaire and a questionnaire for comments and suggestions. Data analysis techniques used quantitative data by calculating the average and qualitative analysis with suggestions or comments as the result of readability data. The results of validating the student and teacher teaching materials showed a result of 3.62 and 3.63 respectively, indicating that the materials were deemed feasible. The results of readability validation by students indicated that the students agreed that the concept map, material, and sample questions were easy to understand and did not cause double meanings. Therefore, the teaching materials are considered appropriate to be used as learning resources that support student learning and understanding of simple harmonic motion.
Improving Understanding of Pressure Concepts in Students of SMP Satu Atap Kanda through Problem Based Learning Model
Authors: Hitijahubessy Fabiola
Published: January 2024

This research aims to increase the understanding of the concept of pressure in Class VIII students of Kanda One Roof Junior High School through the PBL Learning Model with Demonstration and Practice Procedures. This type of research is a type of Classroom Action Research (PTK) which focuses on the classroom atmosphere which is often called Classroom Action Research. The research population is class VIII students of SMP Satu Atap Kanda, one class is taken randomly, namely class VIII B. The method of analyzing information in this matter is tried to use statistics, tabulating information based on variables obtained from all respondents, Descriptive Statistical Test and T-test Analysis Method. Based on the results of this research, the description of the concept of pressure in Kanda One Roof Junior High School students has increased. This shows that there is a change in the increase in the students' concept description in the PBL learning model with demonstration and practice procedures.
Sebuah kajian filosofis: Pendidikan karakter berbasis nilai dan norma Pancasila
Authors: Effendi Yulius Rustan
Published: January 2024

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis urgensi penerapan nilai-nilai karakter nasionalisme yang berpedoman pada nilai-nilai dan norma Pancasila sebagai sistem filsafat. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode systematic review (meta-sintesis) yang diperoleh dari data digital melalui kajian analisis studi meta-etnografi. Kajian studi model meta-etnografi diterapkan dalam wahana “interpretatif” pendalaman studi utama untuk menghubungkan konsep pendidikan karakter nasionalis dalam kajian Pancasila sebagai sistem filsafat. Peneliti melakukan penelusuran data iterative dalam membedah dimensi ontologi, epistemologi, dan aksiologi filsafat Pancasila. Melalui pendekatan interpretatif, penulis mendeskripsikan pengembangan penerapan pendidikan karakter nasionalisme peserta didik yang berlandaskan pada nilai-nilai dan penghayatan norma-norma yang terkandung dalam Pancasila yang belum diterapkan secara maksimal di lingkungan sekolah. Selain itu, penulis mengembangkan studi primer untuk membedah konsep Pancasila dalam jejaring pemaknaan filosofis dalam memaknai arti kehidupan yang perlu dihayati peserta didik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Pancasila perlu kembali ditegakkan dan ditempatkan dalam fungsi dan kedudukannya sebagai dasar negara dalam memperkokoh dan menggugat dimensi epistemologis Pancasila yang bukan saja ditujukan pada bangsa Indonesia, melainkan pada tataran global sebagai pengejahwantahan nilai kebinekaan global.
Implementasi pembelajaran PPKn berbasis permainan tradisional pada mahasiswa PGSD
Authors: Hodriani Hodriani , Junaidi Junaidi , Alhudawi Usman
Published: January 2024

Pembelajaran yang inovatif dan menarik melalui penggunaan permainan tradisional dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) merupakan hal yang perlu dilakukan dalam membangun karakter dan identitas yang kuat. Atas dasar hal itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah pengimplementasian pembelajaran PPKn berbasis permainan tradisional pada mahasiswa di jurusan PGSD Universitas Negeri Medan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara. Subjek penelitian adalah mahasiswa jurusan PGSD yang terdiri atas empat kelas, pada setiap kelas terdapat 40 mahasiswa. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi data, menampilkan data, dan verifikasi data. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa permainan tradisional terbukti dapat meningkatkan rasa persatuan, saling menghargai, serta mewujudkan permainan yang adil dan beradab. Selain itu, implementasi permainan tradisional ini selaras dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila sehingga dapat membangun karakter dan jati diri mahasiswa berupa cinta tanah air dan mengingat kebudayaan Indonesia.
Memikirkan kembali nasionalisme: Pendekatan inovatif untuk memperkokoh identitas dan persatuan
Authors: Utami Risa Rizki
Published: January 2024

Dalam era globalisasi dan perubahan sosial yang cepat, diperlukan strategi baru untuk menginspirasi jiwa nasionalisme dan semangat kebangsaan di kalangan generasi muda. Kajian ini membahas tentang penguatan nasionalisme dan eksplorasi strategi inovatif dalam memperkuat identitas dan persatuan bangsa. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan analisis tematik, kajian ini berfokus pada nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam membangun kesadaran akan identitas nasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penguatan nasionalisme adalah langkah penting untuk membangun Indonesia yang lebih tangguh. Perlu ada upaya inovatif yang memiliki potensi untuk menciptakan dampak positif dalam membangun Indonesia yang kuat, bersatu, dan berdaya saing di panggung global dengan tetap berdiri di atas identitas nasional.
Entre o tudo e o nada
Authors: Zerbinati João Paulo
Published: January 2024

Resenha do filme “Tudo em Todo o Lugar ao Mesmo Tempo” (2023). Reconhecemos esse longa-metragem como uma oportunidade para pensarmos a experiência emocional humana, seus núcleos de criação, desenvolvimento, destruição, apatia e aniquilação da própria experiencia de viver, ou não viver.
Entrevista com Claudia Paim
Authors: Flaviana Benjamin
Published: January 2024

Entrevista realizada com a artista Claudia Paim.
Estudios de performances y artivismos como herramientas de descolonización de las artes y las cosmopolíticas
Authors: Bidaseca Karina
Published: January 2024

Este artigo Performance studies and artivisms as tools for the decolonisation of the arts and cosmopolitics questiona a performance descolonial, isto é, como ferramenta para a descolonização das artes e da corpocosmopolítica. Nesta abordagem, a linguagem da performance é um veículo de exploração, de re-existências contra-hegemónicas e é concebida como uma "poética erótica da relação" (Bidaseca, 2020). O meu interesse baseia-se no questionamento da descolonialidade do género nas práticas de arte-ação para curar a ferida colonial, que surgem da afirmação de que não há experiência fora do corpo, como o próprio Frantz Fanon no seu livro "Pele Negra, Máscaras Brancas" (1951) desenvolveu a partir da sua própria experiência de sentir o racismo como uma hemorragia que jorrava dos seus tímpanos.
Práticas feministas de [re]existência no combate à violência de gênero e racismo
Authors: Andrea Santana de Lucia Renata
Published: January 2024

O artigo reflete sobre a performance feminista enquanto prática de [re]existência, no sentido de investigar processos de históricos de violência de gênero, cometidos contra mulheres cis, trans e outras pessoas transexuais no Brasil. Contextualiza o cenário da violência de gênero no país nos últimos quatro anos, em que se observou um aumento desse tipo de violência. Apresenta duas artistas brasileiras e feministas, Nina Caetano e Panmela Castro, com o objetivo de analisar algumas de suas performances. São importantes ações artísticas e ativistas, que dialogam com o feminismo interseccional e se inscrevem em liminaridades, além de abordarem aspectos estéticos, éticos e políticos, relacionados à violência de gênero e ao racismo. Por isso, se destacam na produção artística e feminista da contemporaneidade. A hipótese é que essas ações contribuem para valorizar memórias invisibilizadas de mulheres cis, trans, e pessoas transexuais, bem como para inscrever novas discursividades no campo da Arte. As ações analisadas instauram espaços temporários de denúncia, contestação e contribuem em larga medida para o reconhecimento de novas epistemologias feministas nas Artes da Cena.
Pedagogia da corpa travesti:
Authors: Da Silva Filho Luis Massilon , Carvalho Mário de Faria
Published: January 2024

Neste texto refletimos como a arte produzida por artistas travestis ressignifica os cânones do fazer artístico e sugere outras bases epistêmicas e políticas para o campo em questão. Argumentamos acerca de uma pedagogia da corpa travesti enquanto uma lente na intenção de problematizar em que medida tais corporalidades dimensionam a singularidade da criação dissidente e frente ao cis-tema que demarca as fronteiras gendrificadas da arte e da vida. Salientamos, de tal modo, a importância de localizar o caráter performativo, político e subversivo como conhecimento partilhado desde a experiência e que articula, pois, respostas não apenas a marcadores gendrificados desde a arte, mas também a partir da abjeção. As sensibilidades da corpa travesti são ressaltadas em sua perspectiva poética, estético-transgressora e subversiva, desde o deslocamento da diferença e da experimentação artivista e transpofágica da criatividade.
Making bioinformatics training FAIR: the EMBL-EBI training portal
Authors: Swan A. L. , Broadbent A. , Singh Gaur P. , Mishra A. , Gurwitz K. , Mithani A. , Morgan S. L. , Malhotra G. , Brooksbank C.
Published: January 2024

EMBL-EBI provides a broad range of training in data-driven life sciences. To improve awareness and access to training course listings and to make digital learning materials findable and simple to use, the EMBL-EBI Training website, www.ebi.ac.uk/training, was redesigned and restructured. To provide a framework for the redesign of the website, the FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) principles were applied to both the listings of live training courses and the presentation of on-demand training content. Each of the FAIR principles guided decisions on the choice of technology used to develop the website, including the details provided about training and the way in which training was presented. Since its release the openly accessible website has been accessed by an average of 58,492 users a month. There have also been over 12,000 unique users creating accounts since the functionality was added in March 2022, allowing these users to track their learning and record completion of training. Development of the website was completed using the Agile Scrum project management methodology and a focus on user experience. This framework continues to be used now that the website is live for the maintenance and improvement of the website, as feedback continues to be collected and further ways to make training FAIR are identified. Here, we describe the process of making EMBL-EBI’s training FAIR through the development of a new website and our experience of implementing Agile Scrum.
Rational designed Fe-ZIFs@CoP nanoplatforms for photothermal-enhanced ROS-mediated tumor therapy
Authors: Wang Chen , Ning Shufang , Mai Jinling , Zhao Shanyu , Jiang Wenwei , Pan Junjie , Wu Feifei , Liu Qiuju , Zhang Qinle
Published: January 2024

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with biocompatible and bio-friendly properties, exhibit intriguing potential for the drug delivery system and imaging-guided synergistic cancer theranostics. Even though tremendous attention has been attracted on MOFs-based therapeutics, which play a crucial role in therapeutic drugs, gene, and biomedical agents delivery of cancer therapy, they are often explored as simple nanocarriers without further “intelligent” functions. Herein, Fe-doped MOFs with CoP nanoparticles loading were rationally designed and synthesized for photothermal enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated treatment. Fe-ZIFs@CoP could generate efficient ROS through the Fenton reaction while depleting glutathione for amplifying oxidative stress. Particularly, due to the photothermal effect of Fe-ZIFs@CoP, the hyperthermia generated by as-synthesized Fe-ZIFs@CoP facilitated the advanced performance of the Fenton effect for a high amount of ROS generation. The promising “all-in-one” synergistic MOFs platform herein reported provides some prospects for future directions in this area.
CD81 suppresses NF-κB signaling and is downregulated in hepatitis C virus expressing cells
Authors: Bunz Maximilian , Eisele Mona , Hu Dan , Ritter Michael , Kammerloher Julia , Lampl Sandra , Schindler Michael
Published: January 2024

The tetraspanin CD81 is one of the main entry receptors for Hepatitis C virus, which is a major causative agent to develop liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we identify CD81 as one of few surface proteins that are downregulated in HCV expressing hepatoma cells, discovering a functional role of CD81 beyond mediating HCV entry. CD81 was downregulated at the mRNA level in hepatoma cells that replicate HCV. Kinetics of HCV expression were increased in CD81-knockout cells and accompanied by enhanced cellular growth. Furthermore, loss of CD81 compensated for inhibition of pro-survival TBK1-signaling in HCV expressing cells. Analysis of functional phenotypes that could be associated with pro-survival signaling revealed that CD81 is a negative regulator of NF-κB. Interaction of the NF-κB subunits p50 and p65 was increased in cells lacking CD81. Similarly, we witnessed an overall increase in the total levels of phosphorylated and cellular p65 upon CD81-knockout in hepatoma cells. Finally, translocation of p65 in CD81-negative hepatoma cells was markedly induced upon stimulation with TNFα or PMA. Altogether, CD81 emerges as a regulator of pro-survival NF-κB signaling. Considering the important and established role of NF-κB for HCV replication and tumorigenesis, the downregulation of CD81 by HCV and the associated increase in NF-κB signaling might be relevant for viral persistence and chronic infection.
A retrospective study of infantile-onset Takayasu arteritis: experience from a tertiary referral center in China
Authors: Jin Jing , Zhao Yan , Gao Xiucheng , Wang Panpan , Liu Yingying , Pan Yuting , Fan Zhidan , Yu Haiguo
Published: January 2024

Objective

Takayasu artery (TAK) is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the aorta and its major branches and is rarely reported in infants. We aimed to summarize the clinical features of infant TA (I-TA) in a tertiary care center.

Methods

We performed a retrospective study involving 10 infants diagnosed with TAK. A comprehensive evaluation of clinical, laboratory, radiographic features, disease activity, treatment and outcomes was carried out.

Results

A consecutive cohort was composed of 8 girls and 2 boys, with an age at diagnosis of 11.1 (1.7–36) months. The median time to diagnosis and the average time to follow-up were 9.5 days (2–235 days) and 10.9 (1–21) months, respectively. The most common initial manifestations were malaise (80%), fever (70%), hypertension (50%) and rash (30%). The mean Pediatric Vasculitis Activity Score (PVAS), Takayasu Clinical Activity Score (ITAS-2010) and ITAS-A scores were 2.8/63, 2.6/51, and 5.6/54, respectively. All patients had aberrant laboratory parameters. The most common lesions were in the thoracic aorta (60%) and abdominal aorta (60%). Corticosteroids combined with cyclophosphamide followed by long-term mycophenolate mofetil were initiated in most cases (70%). Biologics were attempted in 5 cases. Mortality was 40%.

Conclusions

It is challenging to diagnose TAK in infants in a timely manner. Considering the more vessels involved, more severe inflammation and higher mortality, aggressive treatment is warranted in infants. GCs and CYC treatment seem to be effective.
A low-cost close-range photogrammetric surface scanner
Authors: Koutlemanis Panagiotis , Zabulis Xenophon , Stivaktakis Nikolaos , Partarakis Nikolaos , Zidianakis Emmanouil , Demeridou Ioanna
Published: January 2024

Introduction

A low-cost, close-range photogrammetric surface scanner is proposed, made from Computer Numerical Control (CNC) components and an off-the-shelf, consumer-grade macro camera.

Methods

To achieve micrometer resolution in reconstruction, accurate and photorealistic surface digitization, and retain low manufacturing cost, an image acquisition approach and a reconstruction method are proposed. The image acquisition approach uses the CNC to systematically move the camera and acquire images in a grid tessellation and at multiple distances from the target surface. A relatively large number of images is required to cover the scanned surface. The reconstruction method tracks keypoint features to robustify correspondence matching and uses far-range images to anchor the accumulation of errors across a large number of images utilized.

Results and discussion

Qualitative and quantitative evaluation demonstrate the efficacy and accuracy of this approach.
The role of local-ice meltwater in the triggering of an under-ice phytoplankton bloom in an Arctic fjord
Authors: Ruiz-Castillo Eugenio , Verdugo Josefa , Kirillov Sergei , Dmitrenko Igor , Boone Wieter , Rysgaard Søren
Published: January 2024

We combined records from moorings, profilers, and CTD transects obtained in an Arctic fjord (Young Sound, Greenland) to assess the effects of local meltwater input at the beginning of ice melt while the fjord was still covered by ice. Results indicate that light penetrated below the ice and was available throughout the sampling period. Melting began at the mouth, where the ice and snow layers were thinner. At the mouth, meltwater triggered stratification and the onset of an under-ice phytoplankton bloom, as shown by an increase in chlorophyll-a (chl-a), fluorescence-CDOM, and oxygen saturation. Chl-a was highly correlated with salinity (−0.84) and temperature (0.88), indicating a strong association with the input of meltwater, while the maximums in chl-a and oxygen matched the distribution of the meltwater. At the mouth, in the area where the meltwater occurred, average chl-a increased from 0.27 mg m−3 to 0.40 mg m−3, and by the end of the record, it was three times greater than the surrounding waters. In the area of the patch of meltwater on 26–28 May, averaged oxygen increased by 4%–5% during the sampling period. Inside the fjord, patches of meltwater occurred and were advected from the mouth by an in-fjord flow. Within these patches of meltwater, chl-a and oxygen saturation increased, and by the end of the record, they were two times and 5% higher than the surrounding waters, respectively. This study shows that meltwater and stratification were more important than light for the onset of the under-ice bloom and suggests a significant portion of pelagic primary productivity occurs before ice breakup.
Structural brain morphometry differences and similarities between young patients with Crohn’s disease in remission and healthy young and old controls
Authors: Yeske Benjamin , Hou Jiancheng , Chu Daniel Y. , Adluru Nagesh , Nair Veena A. , Beniwal-Patel Poonam , Saha Sumona , Prabhakaran Vivek
Published: January 2024

Introduction

Crohn’s disease (CD), one of the main phenotypes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. It can impact the function of gastrointestinal secretions, as well as increasing the intestinal permeability leading to an aberrant immunological response and subsequent intestinal inflammation. Studies have reported anatomical and functional brain changes in Crohn’s Disease patients (CDs), possibly due to increased inflammatory markers and microglial cells that play key roles in communicating between the brain, gut, and systemic immune system. To date, no studies have demonstrated similarities between morphological brain changes seen in IBD and brain morphometry observed in older healthy controls..

Methods

For the present study, twelve young CDs in remission (M = 26.08 years, SD = 4.9 years, 7 male) were recruited from an IBD Clinic. Data from 12 young age-matched healthy controls (HCs) (24.5 years, SD = 3.6 years, 8 male) and 12 older HCs (59 years, SD = 8 years, 8 male), previously collected for a different study under a similar MR protocol, were analyzed as controls. T1 weighted images and structural image processing techniques were used to extract surface-based brain measures, to test our hypothesis that young CDs have different brain surface morphometry than their age-matched young HCs and furthermore, appear more similar to older HCs. The phonemic verbal fluency (VF) task (the Controlled Oral Word Association Test, COWAT) (Benton, 1976) was administered to test verbal cognitive ability and executive control.

Results/Discussion

On the whole, CDs had more brain regions with differences in brain morphometry measures when compared to the young HCs as compared to the old HCs, suggesting that CD has an effect on the brain that makes it appear more similar to old HCs. Additionally, our study demonstrates this atypical brain morphometry is associated with function on a cognitive task. These results suggest that even younger CDs may be showing some evidence of structural brain changes that demonstrate increased resemblance to older HC brains rather than their similarly aged healthy counterparts.
A retrospective study on the efficacy and safety of Envafolimab, a PD-L1 inhibitor, in the treatment of advanced malignant solid tumors
Authors: Zhang Congjun , Li Jingjing , Wu Hongyang , Huang Wei , Da Liangshan , Shen Yuanyuan , Sun Guoping
Published: January 2024

Envafolimab, a PD-L1 inhibitor, has demonstrated potential in treating advanced malignant solid tumors (AMST). To study its’ efficacy and safety in AMST, our retrospective study recruited 64 patients with various AMST, and treated with Envafolimab (400 mg every 3 weeks). We divided the patients into two cohorts: Cohort 1 (25 patients) receiving Envafolimab as first-line therapy, and Cohort 2 (39 patients) receiving it as second-line or subsequent therapy. Our analysis focused on Envafolimab’s efficacy and safety. Over a median follow-up of 7.1 months, Cohort I reported a Disease Control Rate (DCR) of 72.0% and an Objective response rate (ORR) of 12.0%, while Cohort II had a DCR of 51.3% and an ORR of 5.1%. Notably, patients with more than four treatment cycles showed higher DCR and longer Progression-Free Survival (PFS) than those with fewer cycles. Adverse events were observed in 68.8% of patients, with severe events (CTCAE grade 3/4) in 14.1%. Most adverse events were mild, leading to treatment discontinuation in only 3.1% of patients, with no life-threatening events reported. In summary, Envafolimab is a safe and effective treatment for AMST, in both initial and later therapy stages, particularly with extended treatment duration, meriting further clinical trials.
Full-length transcriptome reveals the pivotal role of ABA and ethylene in the cold stress response of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum
Authors: Qian Lihua , Yin Shuya , Lu Na , Yue Erkui , Yan Jianli
Published: January 2024

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum is a valuable herb widely used in Chinese traditional and modern medicine. Winter cold severely limits the artificial cultivation of this plant, but the physiological and molecular mechanisms upon exposure to cold stress in T. hemsleyanum are unclear. T. hemsleyanum plants with different geographical origins exhibit large differences in response to cold stress. In this research study, using T. hemsleyanum ecotypes that exhibit frost tolerance (FR) and frost sensitivity (FS), we analyzed the response of cottage seedlings to a simulated frost treatment; plant hormones were induced with both short (2 h) and long (9 h) frost treatments, which were used to construct the full-length transcriptome and obtained 76,750 transcripts with all transcripts mapped to 28,805 genes, and 27,215 genes, respectively, annotated to databases. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed enrichment in plant hormone signaling pathways. Further analysis shows that differently expressed genes (DEGs) concentrated on calcium signaling, ABA biosynthesis and signal transduction, and ethylene in response to cold stress. We also found that endogenous ABA and ethylene content were increased after cold treatment, and exogenous ABA and ethylene significantly improved cold tolerance in both ecotypes. Our results elucidated the pivotal role of ABA and ethylene in response to cold stress in T. hemsleyanum and identified key genes.
Dissociation and other trauma symptomatology are linked to imbalance in the competing neurobehavioral decision systems
Authors: Basso Julia C. , Satyal Medha K. , McKee Kevin L. , Lynn Sarah , Gyamfi Daphne , Bickel Warren K.
Published: January 2024

Objective

Dissociation is a conscious state characterized by alterations in sensation and perception and is thought to arise from traumatic life experiences. Previous research has demonstrated that individuals with high levels of dissociation show impairments in cognitive-emotional processes. Therefore, using the Competing Neurobehavioral Decisions System (CNDS) theory, we used statistical modeling to examine whether dissociative experience and trauma symptoms are independently predicted by impulsivity, risk-seeking, affective state (i.e., anxiety, depression, stress, and negative affect), and trauma history.

Method

In this cross-sectional study design, data were collected via Amazon Mechanical Turk from a total of n = 557 English-speaking participants in the United States. Using Qualtrics, participants answered a series of self-reported questionnaires and completed several neurocognitive tasks. Three independent multiple linear regression models were conducted to assess whether impulsivity, risk seeking, affective state, and trauma history predict depersonalization, trauma symptoms, and PTSD symptoms.

Results

As hypothesized, we found that depersonalization and other trauma symptoms are associated with heightened impulsivity, increased risk-seeking, impaired affective states, and a history of traumatic experiences.

Conclusion

We demonstrate that an imbalanced CNDS (i.e., hyperimpulsive/hypoexecutive), as evidenced by decreased future valuation, increased risk seeking, and impaired affective states, predicts heightened depersonalization and other trauma and PTSD symptomatology. This is the first time that dissociation has been connected to delay discounting (i.e., the tendency to place more value on rewards received immediately compared to farther in the future). Interventions that positively impact areas of the CNDS, such as episodic future thinking or mindfulness meditation, may be a target to help decrease dissociative symptoms.
Well-being among parents of youth with multiple sclerosis: a preliminary longitudinal study
Authors: Hamama Liat , Hamama-Raz Yaira , Lebowitz-Sokolover Keshet , Ganelin-Cohen Esther
Published: January 2024

Background

In 2021, the annual rate of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) in Israel among children was 1.5, and 4.5% among youth aged 14–18, out of a total of 5,000 multiple sclerosis cases nationwide. Children diagnosed with POMS often display various deficiencies across psychological, cognitive, sensory, and physical areas. As such, POMS poses significant challenges for parents’ well-being, with heightened emotional, financial, and physical strains linked to both the immediate and long-term care requirements of their children. In this preliminary study, we examined changes over three time-points in two measures of well-being: satisfaction with life and psychological distress. In addition, the role of perceived social support (PSS) and coping flexibility was examined through a multilevel causal mediation model which suggested that PSS 1 month post-diagnosis would predict coping flexibility at 6 months post-diagnosis, which in turn would predict parents’ life satisfaction and psychological distress at 12 months post-diagnosis.

Methods

The research was conducted at a tertiary university-affiliated children’s hospital in central Israel. Preliminary data were obtained from 36 parents at three times-points. Participants provided demographic information and filled out the following standardized self-report questionnaires: the Diener’s Satisfaction with Life Scale, Kessler’s inventory for measuring psychological distress (K6), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and the Perceived Ability to Cope with Trauma Scale (PACT) for measuring coping flexibility.

Results

Over time (12 months), parents reported stable levels of PSS, coping flexibility, satisfaction with life, and psychological distress. In addition, mothers reported significantly greater PSS from friends than did fathers. Regarding the causal mediation model, greater PSS from friends at T1 was significantly associated with an increase in coping flexibility from T1 to T2. In turn, an increase in coping flexibility was associated with a decrease in psychological distress from T1 to T3 (after controlling for PSS). Yet the causal mediation path via coping flexibility to satisfaction with life was not significant.

Conclusion

This preliminary study emphasizes the important role of both PSS and coping flexibility for the well-being of parents whose children are affected by POMS, a subject that merits heightened consideration among healthcare professionals dealing with long-term chronic diseases.
Pragmemes revisited. A theoretical framework
Authors: Capone Alessandro , Graci Roberto
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we take up an old issue that of pragmemes, broached by Mey and further explored by Capone. It is not easy to define pragmemes and distinguish them sufficiently from speech acts (units of language use broached by Austin and Searle) or from Wittgensteinian language games or from macro speech acts (see van Dijk on macrostructures) or from Goffman’s scripts. The best idea we could develop about pragmemes is that they instantiate the triple articulation of language, proposed by Jock Wong; being essentially composed of phonological-syntactic units, that have a certain content relative to a social situation and to a certain culture, pragmemes express a certain function (or illocutionary force), like, e.g., modifying society or some aspect of it. They are part of a chapter that can be called either “societal pragmatics” or “emancipatory pragmatics,” to use the words by Mey. In fact, knowledge of how language is used to diminish the rights of people and to propagate the “status quo” may be instrumental to give rights and power to ordinary human beings who are oppressed by political and economical structures.
Negative symptoms and social cognition as mediators of the relationship between neurocognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia
Authors: Giordano Giulia M. , Pezzella Pasquale , Mucci Armida , Austin Stephen F. , Erfurth Andreas , Glenthøj Birte , Hofer Alex , Hubenak Jan , Libiger Jan , Melle Ingrid , Nielsen Mette Ø. , Rybakowski Janusz K. , Wojciak Pawel , Galderisi Silvana , Sachs Gabriele
Published: January 2024

Introduction

In this study we assessed the contribution of psychopathology, including the two domains of negative symptoms (motivational deficit and expressive deficit), processing speed as an index of neurocognition, and emotion recognition, as an index of social cognition, to poor functional outcomes in people with schizophrenia.

Methods

The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was used to evaluate positive symptoms and disorganization and the Brief Negative Symptom Scale to assess negative symptoms. The Symbol Coding and the Trail Making Test A and B were used to rate processing speed and the Facial Emotion Identification Test to assess emotion recognition. Functional outcome was assessed with the Personal and Social Performance Scale (PSP). Regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of functional outcome. Mediation analyses was used to investigate whether social cognition and negative symptom domains fully or partially mediated the impact of processing speed on functional outcome.

Results

One hundred and fifty subjects from 8 different European centers were recruited. Our data showed that the expressive deficit predicted global functioning and together with motivational deficit fully mediated the effects of neurocognition on it. Motivational deficit was a predictor of personal and social functioning and fully mediated neurocognitive impairment effects on the same outcome. Both motivational deficit and neurocognitive impairment predicted socially useful activities, and the emotion recognition domain of social cognition partially mediated the impact of neurocognitive deficits on this outcome.

Conclusions

Our results indicate that pathways to functional outcomes are specific for different domains of real-life functioning and that negative symptoms and social cognition mediate the impact of neurocognitive deficits on different domains of functioning. Our results suggest that both negative symptoms and social cognition should be targeted by psychosocial interventions to enhance the functional impact of neurocognitive remediation.
Gender-based violence and associated factors among female sex workers in Ethiopia. Evidence from The National Bio-behavioral Survey, 2020
Authors: Debel Lemessa , Ayalew Jemal , Abdella Saro , Bulti Jaleta , Bejiga Birra , Wariso Fayiso Bati , Belete Wudinesh , Habtesilase Abebe , Lulseged Silesh
Published: January 2024

Background

Gender-based violence (GBV) is usually defined as unequal power relations between men and women, which poses a widespread public health problem. The study evaluated the prevalence and factors associated with GBV among female sex workers (FSWs) in Ethiopia.

Method

We used cross-sectional bio-behavioral data collected using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in 2020 from 16 towns in Ethiopia. Descriptive statistics was analyzed to summarize the study population characteristics and prevalence of GBV, and a multilevel logistic regression model was applied to identify associated factors for GBV. A p-value of ≤0.05 was used as a threshold for statistical significance.

Result

Of 6,085 participants, 28.1% had experienced GBV during the last 12 months, among which 12.7% and 22.3% experienced physical and sexual violence, respectively. FSWs aged 15–24, and 25–34 than those 35 years or more, had a non-paying than paying partners, had 31–60, 61–90, and over 91 than those had less than 30 paying partners, ever had anal sex than those not, condom failure than those not, mobile female sex workers when compared with those not mobile at different town; 3–5 and ≥ 6 years than those less than 3 years stayed in selling sex, street-based, and multiple places selling sex than those used other venues were significantly associated with GBV.

Conclusion

Gender-based violence is a substantial problem among FSWs in Ethiopia, with significant implications for program planning on prevention and response to mitigate the occurrence and impact of GBV among FSWs.
Hospital pharmacists’ mental health during home isolation in the post-pandemic era of COVID-19: influencing factors, coping strategies, and the mediating effect of resilience
Authors: Yin Zhao , Wang XiangYu , Lu Xiaojing , Fu Hang
Published: January 2024

Objective

There is a notable research gap on the mental health challenges faced by hospital pharmacists in the post-pandemic era. Therefore, the present study aims to explore mental health status, influencing factors, coping strategies, and the mediating effect of resilience of home quarantine hospital pharmacists (HQHPs).

Methods

An embedded mixed-method study was conducted in Zhengzhou, a megalopolis in central China, from 20 October to 3 November 2022. For the qualitative study, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted among HQHPs to understand their mental health state，the factors that affect their mental health, and the alleviating strategies they used. For the quantitative study, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and the Chinese version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-25) were used to explore the mental health level of HQHPs. Meanwhile, the mediating effect of resilience was explored and verified with the bootstrap method or the structural equation model.

Results

20 HQHPs participated in the qualitative study. Two themes were identified in terms of the factors that influenced the HQHPs’ mental health levels. The positive factors include optimism, family company, and connection with friends, while the negative factors include inadequate supplies, inadequate information, and other emergencies. 210 HQHPs participated in the quantitative study, with a median resilience score of 66 [55.75, 74] in the lowest score range and an anxiety score of 5 [2, 7] in the mild anxiety range. The correlation analysis showed that nine of the 10 influencing factors identified in qualitative research were positively correlated with CD-RISC-25 scores and negatively correlated with the GAD-7 score. The mediating effect of resilience on anxiety was significant (95% bootstrap CI [−1.818, −0.384], p<0.001; or 95% bootstrap CI [−1.174, −0.430], p<0.001).

Conclusion

Even in the post-epidemic era, hospital pharmacists face psychological challenges. They actively address these issues based on accumulated experience and a stabilized mindset. In this process, resilience plays a significant mediating role.