bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Evolution of Agriculture 4.0: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research Trends
Authors: Barman Bikram , Singh Rashmi , Padaria Rabindra Nath , Quader Sk Wasaful , Das Abhijit , Nath Rajat Kumar , Ghosh Bhaskar , Munshi Sahin Aktar , Sultana Sohana , N Meghana
Published: January 2025

The term "agriculture 4.0" refers to integrating artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things and advanced robotics into agriculture. The field of Agriculture 4.0 research has seen a surge in attention as sustainable agriculture has gained more prominence. This study concentrated on conducting a bibliometric analysis of Agriculture 4.0 and its growth. The Dimensions.ai data used in the study was produced using the search terms “Agriculture 4.0," "Smart Farming," "Farming 4.0," and "Digital Agriculture.” A comprehensive dataset consisting of 1,458 relevant documents has been identified, retrieved, and compiled into a CSV format for further analysis. The retrieved data was visualized and analyzed using suitable software. It was that the information and computing sciences field had the maximum number of publications on Agriculture 4.0 (1,015), followed by Agriculture, veterinary and food science (487). The majority of articles (1,074) addressed Sustainable Development Goal 2, which has hunger as its main focus. Based on co-authorship analysis, India, China, and the USA emerged as the leading nations both in impact and research volume, with other countries clustering around them. The University of Guelph, Wageningen University and Research and Anna University were the three organisations with respectively the most impact in terms of total citations. According to the sources' citation analyses, readers were more influenced by the "Computers and Electronics in Agriculture" publication when it came to Agriculture 4.0 research. The Agriculture 4.0 research involves many stakeholders; thus, a broad multidisciplinary approach is necessary. Hence, to solve the issue of Agriculture 4.0, multidisciplinary researchers ought to collaborate rather than act alone.
A Quantum Walk Comb Source at Telecommunication Wavelengths
Authors: marzban Bahareh , Miller Lucius , Dikopoltsev Alexander , Bertrand Mathieu , Scalari Giacomo , Faist Jérôme
Published: January 2025

We demonstrate a quantum walk comb in synthetic frequency space formed by externally modulating a semiconductor optical amplifier operating in the telecommunication wavelength range in a unidirectional ring cavity. The ultrafast gain saturation dynamics of the gain medium and its operation at high current injections is responsible for the stabilization of the comb in a broad frequency modulated state. Our device produces a nearly flat broadband comb with a tunable repetition frequency reaching a bandwidth of 1.8THz at the fundamental repetition rate of 1GHz while remaining fully locked to the RF drive. Comb operation at harmonics of the repetition rate up to 14.1GHz is also demonstrated. This approach paves the way for next-generation optical frequency comb devices with potential applications in precision ranging and high-speed communications.
WITHDRAWN: Gas Recycling Optimization in Gas Condensate Reservoirs Using 3D Compositional Modeling
Authors: Kasem Mohamed Raafat , Khattab Hamid Mohamed , Wahba Ali Moustafa
Published: January 2025

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
Tau spreading precedes the increase in tau load in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Rosa-Neto Pedro , Macedo Arthur , Therriault Joseph Therriault , Rahmouni Nesrine , Aumont Étienne , Wang Yi-Ting , Hossein Seyyed Ali , Servaes Stijn , Tissot Cécile , Fernandez-Arias Jaime , Trudel Lydia , Hall Brandon , Bezgin Gleb , Quispialaya-Socualaya Kely , Woo Marcel , Chan Tevy , Stevenson Jenna , Zheng Yansheng , Gonçalves Marina , Lussier Firoza , Ferrari-Souza João Pedro , Ferreira Pamela , Bellaver Bruna , Massarweh Gassan , Soucy Jean-Paul , Benedet Andrea , Ashton Nicholas , Karikari Thomas , Zetterberg Henrik , Blennow Kaj , Zimmer Eduardo , Pascoal Tharick
Published: January 2025

Tau pathology spreads and accumulates during Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the relationship between these processes throughout disease progression remains unclear. We assessed the spatiotemporal dynamics of tau spreading and accumulation using tau-PET data from 1,175 participants in the TRIAD and ADNI cohorts, including 277 with 2-year follow-ups. Tau standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) indexed tau load, while the spatial extent of tauopathy (SEOT; proportion of abnormal voxels) measured tau spread. Longitudinal analyses showed that tau spreading preceded increases in tau load, particularly in regions with low baseline tau levels. Our findings support a sequential model of tau progression: an initial spreading phase, primarily captured by SEOT, followed by an accumulation phase largely reflected by SUVR. These results provide new insights into the pathological mechanisms underlying tau deposition and highlight tau spread as a promising surrogate outcome for clinical trials targeting early-stage AD.
Surface water quality of Balu River, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Md. Tanvir , Mustakim Kazi Nur E , Parvin Rokhshana , Babar Sheikh Aurangazeb
Published: January 2025

The Balu River, a critical water source in Dhaka, Bangladesh, is increasingly threatened by extensive pollution from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources. This study assesses the water quality and pollution sources affecting the river, focusing on a 6 km stretch between Demra Ghat and Kamshair. Water samples were collected from five strategic points and analyzed for key parameters including pH, turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and nitrate levels. The findings reveal that while some parameters meet acceptable standards, critical indicators such as DO, BOD, and nitrate exceed permissible limits in certain locations, reflecting severe pollution from untreated industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and municipal waste. The calculated Water Quality Index (WQI) ranges from 50 to 69, categorizing the river's water quality as medium. This degradation poses significant environmental and public health risks, especially as the river serves agricultural, domestic, and ecological functions. The study underscores the urgent need for stringent enforcement of pollution control measures, advanced wastewater treatment technologies, and public awareness initiatives to safeguard this vital water resource.
Modeling and Evaluation of influence of hot dip galvanizing acidic pickling process parameters on the corrosion treatment of steel construction
Authors: ALAOUI Khaoula , OUAKKI Moussa , Touhami Mohamed Ebn , KACIMI Younes EL
Published: January 2025

The present study attempted to investigate the best conditions for the use of a 5-(4- chlorophenyl)-1H-tetrazole (Cl-PT) as corrosion inhibitor of mild steel in HCl using the surface response methodology. A matrix of Doelhert to 3 factors was used as the experimental design in this research as it permits the use of the response surface methodology in a spherical field. The response used in the exploitation of the design was the determination of the inhibitor efficiency. It was assessed through gravimetric measurements on samples in the absence and presence of the inhibitor. The results were confirmed using gravimetric and electrochemical measurements.
CDC-WONDER Database Analysis of COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus-Related Mortality
Authors: Jamal Armaan
Published: January 2025

Objectives: COVID-19 has been associated with increased diabetes onset and worsened metabolic complications in individuals with pre-existing diabetes. While both conditions are known risk factors for severe health outcomes, their combined effect on mortality remains unknown. This study evaluates mortality rates attributed to both COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus (DM) in the United States (US), with a focus on sociodemographic disparities.
Design: We conducted a retrospective analysis using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention WONDER database from January 2020 to December 2021. Deaths related to COVID-19 (ICD-10 code U07.1) and DM (ICD-10 codes E10-E14) were identified as underlying or contributing causes of death. Age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 population were calculated and stratified by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and US census region.
Results: Between 2020 and 2021, 115,351 deaths were attributed to both COVID-19 and DM. AAMRs were higher among males (28.1, 95% CI: 27.9-28.4) than females (16.5, 95% CI: 16.4-16.7). By race/ethnicity, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander individuals had the highest AAMR (55.9, 95% CI: 50.4-61.4), followed by Hispanic (51.1, 95% CI: 50.4-51.7) and non-Hispanic Black (38.5, 95% CI: 38.0-39.1) populations. The South and West regions of the US reported the highest AAMRs. Mortality rates increased in 2021 compared to 2020 across all groups, with marked disparities persisting throughout the study period.
Conclusion: The dual burden of COVID-19 and DM has led to elevated mortality rates in the US, disproportionately affecting minority populations. Addressing these disparities requires comprehensive public health strategies integrating medical, social, and policy-driven solutions.
SDG Keyword: Reduced inequalities
Akıllı Turizm Uygulamalarının Kentlerin Turizm Alanındaki Dirençliliğine ve Sürdürülebilirliğine Etkisi (The Effect of Smart Tourism Applications on The Resilience and Sustainability of Cities in the Field of Tourism)
Authors: ASLAN Muhammed Miraç
Published: January 2025

Kentlerin artan nüfusu, insan ihtiyaçlarının yaşanan gelişmelere bağlı olarak artması ve değişiklik göstermesi, iklim değişikliğinin etkilerinin belirginleşerek artması kentlerde sorun ve ihtiyaçları beraberinde getirmektedir. Altyapı, ulaşım, çevre yönetimi, güvenlik vb. alanlarda ortaya bu çıkan sorunların ve ihtiyaçların karşılanmasında etkin ve sürdürülebilir çözümlerin üretilmesi kentsel sürdürülebilirliğin ve dirençliliğin sağlanmasında büyük önem taşımaktadır. Kentlerin karşı karşıya kaldıkları sorunlara çözüm üretebilmelerinin yanında kentsel hizmetlerin hızlı, kesintisiz ve sürdürülebilir şekilde sunulması gerekmektedir. Kentsel hizmetlerin hızlı, kesintisiz ve sürdürülebilir şekilde sunulmasında akıllı kent uygulamaları, kentlerin önemli bir çözüm ortağını oluşturmaktadır. Kentlerin yaşanabilirlik düzeyinin, rekabet gücünün ve dirençliliğinin artması noktasında akıllı kent uygulamaları ürettiği çözümlerle etkin rol üstlenmektedir. Turizm, akıllı kent uygulamalarının kentlerde çözüm ürettiği alanlardan birisi olarak yer almaktadır. Kentlerin sahip oldukları potansiyellerin ortaya çıkarılması ve geliştirilmesinde bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerini kullanarak yenilikçi ve sürdürülebilir çözümler sunan akıllı kent sistemleri, kentlerin turizm potansiyelinin artmasına da katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışma akıllı turizm uygulamalarının, kentlerin turizm potansiyelinin güçlenmesin, rekabet edebilirliğine, marka değerine, turizm alanında dirençliliğine ve sürdürülebilirliğine olan etkisini betimleyici bir yöntemle açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de akıllı turizm alanında hizmet sunmakta olan uygulamaların incelenmesiyle de çalışmanın temel argümanını güçlendirmektedir. Bunun yanında akıllı turizm uygulamalarının önündeki engellerin neler olduğu tartışılarak, çalışmanın sonuç bölümünde birtakım çözüm önerileri sunulacaktır.
Yeme-İçme Sektöründe Yaşanılan Dijital Dönüşüme Yönelik Mutfak Şeflerinin Bakış Açısı: Mersin İli Örneği (The Virtual Transformation in The Food and Beverage Industry and The Perspective of Chefs: The Case of Mersin)
Authors: İNCE KARAÇEPER Ecem
Published: January 2025

Son yıllarda, sanal gerçeklik (VR) ve artırılmış gerçeklik (AR) gibi ileri teknoloji uygulamaları, şeflerin yaratıcılıklarını ve yeteneklerini geliştirmelerine olanak tanıyan önemli araçlar olarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, mutfak şeflerinin sanal gerçeklik ve artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarının kullanımına yönelik bakış açısı incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olan yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Görüşmeler, Mersin’de bulunan ve alanında uzman kişilerden oluşan 15 restoran şefi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, Microsoft Power BI programı ile analiz edilmiş ve görselleştirilmiştir. Çalışma sonuçları, Mersin'deki sektör koşullarının henüz yeterli seviyede olmadığını, ancak mutfak şeflerinin sanal gerçeklik ve artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamalarına yönelik olumlu bakış açısının bu teknolojilerin yaratıcılığı ve verimliliği artırma potansiyeline işaret ettiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu teknolojiler, mutfak şeflerinin geleneksel pişirme yöntemleriyle birleştirilerek yenilikçi ve lezzetli yemekler hazırlamalarına olanak tanırken aynı zamanda mutfak operasyonlarını da iyileştirebilme gücüne sahiptir. Gelecekte, mutfak şeflerinin bu teknolojileri daha yaygın bir şekilde benimsemesi ve kullanması beklenmektedir.
Turizm İşletmelerinde Yapay Zekâ Uygulamaları: Fırsatlar ve Kısıtlılıklar (Artificial Intelligence Applications (AIA) for Tourism Businesses: Opportunities and Challenges)
Authors: ETÇİ Fikret , YILMAZ Mustafa , KARAMUSTAFA Kurtuluş
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmanın amacı, turizm endüstrisinde yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin kullanımının turizm işletmeleri açısından oluşturacağı fırsatlar ile muhtemel kısıtlılıkları tespit ederek ilgili bilgi birikimine katkılar oluşturmak ve sektör temsilcilerine uygulamaya yönelik önerilerde bulunmaktır. Bu kapsamda öncelikle mevcut literatür taranmış, konuyla ilgili sektör uygulamaları incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular sonucunda, turizm endüstrisinde yapay zekâ uygulamalarının 7/24 kesintisiz hizmet sunumu, operasyonel ve işgücü verimliliği ile misafir memnuniyetinde artış, hizmet kalitesinde iyileşme, maliyetleri düşürme ve kişiselleştirilmiş hizmet sunumu gibi önemli faydalar sağladığı görülmektedir. Bununla birlikte, yaratıcılık ve insan dokunuşunun eksikliği, yüksek yatırım, kurulum, bakım ve güncelleme maliyetleri, gizlilik ve güvenlik endişeleri, çalışanların ve misafirlerin değişime karşı dirençli olması, çalışanların iş güvencesi kaygısı gibi konularda da işletmeler açısından birtakım kısıtlılıkların olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Bu teknolojilerin misafir memnuniyeti üzerinde olumlu etki oluşturması, insan ve yapay zekâ iş birliği ile mümkün olabilecektir. Gelecekte, yapay zekânın turizm endüstrisinde kullanımının yaygınlaşması beklendiğinden turizm işletmelerine yenilikçi ve uyumlu stratejiler benimsemesi önerilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, yapay zekânın sürdürülebilir şekilde entegrasyonu için çok paydaşlı iş birliğinin önemi vurgulanmaktadır.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Kahve Tüketim Alışkanlıkları, Sosyal Medya Kullanım Motivasyonları ve Gösterişçi Tüketim Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki (The Relationships Between Coffee Consumption Habits, Social Media Usage Motivation, and Conspicuous Consumption Behaviors among University Students)
Authors: TAYFUN Ahmet , ÇATIR Ozan
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışma, üniversite öğrencilerinin kahve tüketim alışkanlıkları, sosyal medya kullanım motivasyonları ve sosyal medya gösterişçi tüketim davranışları arasındaki ilişkileri kapsamlı bir şekilde incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerindeki üniversitelerde çeşitli bölümlerde öğrenim gören 650 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizleri neticesinde elde edilen bulgular, bu değişkenler arasındaki karmaşık ve çok boyutlu ilişkileri ortaya koymaktadır. Araştırmanın sonuçları, kahve tüketim alışkanlıklarının sosyal medya gösterişçi tüketimi ile anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Özellikle “ara sıra” ve “her zaman” kahve tüketen öğrenciler arasında sosyal medya üzerinden gösterişçi tüketim davranışlarının farklılık gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu durum, kahve tüketim sıklığının bireylerin sosyal medyada kendilerini ifade etme biçimlerini etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca, kahve türleri arasındaki tercihlerin de sosyal medya gösterişçi tüketimi üzerinde etkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Filtre kahve tüketenler ile diğer kahve türlerini tercih edenler arasındaki farklılıklar, belirli kahve türlerinin sosyal medyada prestij ve statü sembolü olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Cinsiyet ile kahve türleri arasındaki ilişki, toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin tüketim alışkanlıkları üzerinde belirleyici bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.
Yemek Stilistliği ve Fotoğrafçılık Eğitimi Alan Gastronomi Öğrencilerinin Tabak Sunum Perspektiflerine Yönelik Farkındalığının İncelenmesi (An Examination of The Awareness of Gastronomy Students Taking Food Styling and Photography Education Towards Plate Presentation Perspectives)
Authors: KAYIŞ Vedat
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmanın amacı, “Yemek Stilistliği ve Fotoğrafçılık” eğitimi almış gastronomi öğrencilerinin tabak sunumlarında meydana gelen değişimlerin yönünü analiz etmek ve bu değişimlere ilişkin farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemektir. Bu kapsamda, ilgili dersi alan 13 lisans öğrencisiyle nitel bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiş ve eğitim sonrası katılımcıların tabak sunumu perspektiflerine yönelik farkındalıkları tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, katılımcıların çoğunluğu eğitimin; kültür, sanat, renk uyumu, doğru teknik kullanımı, tabaklama detayları ve fotoğraflamada uygun ışık açıları gibi unsurlara odaklandığını ifade ederek, bu dersin kültür, sanat ve estetikle olan güçlü ilişkisini vurgulamıştır. Ayrıca katılımcılar, aldıkları eğitimin yalnızca tabaklama teknikleriyle sınırlı kalmadığını, yemek stilistliği ve fotoğrafçılıkla bütünleşik bir yapı sunduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Katılımcılar, bu derste edindikleri bilgi ve becerileri staj ve sektörel deneyimlerle birleştirerek daha ileriye taşıyabileceklerini dile getirmiştir. Sonuç olarak yemek stilistliği ve fotoğrafçılık dersinin, gastronomi bölümlerinde öğrencilere farklı bakış açıları kazandırma noktasında önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu ve gastronomi eğitiminin estetik ve sanatsal yönünü ortaya çıkarmada kilit bir rol oynadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
EXPLORING THE ANTIPSYCHOTIC POTENTIAL OF ALLOPURINOL: TARGETING PURINE METABOLISM IN SCHIZOPHRENIA TREATMENT
Authors:   Psychiatry Department, Weill Cornell Medical School, White Plains, New York, USA., Parikh Parinda , Sir Dilbeste ,   Second Arc Psychiatric Associates, White Plains, New York, USA.
Published: January 2025

The purinergic system, characterized by the signaling pathways mediated by purines such as adenosine and ATP, plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Recent research has highlighted the potential of allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor traditionally used to manage hyperuricemia and gout, as an adjunctive treatment for schizophrenia. Allopurinols mechanism of action involves the modulation of adenosine metabolism, which may help restore neurotransmitter balance, particularly in the dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems involved in schizophrenia. Clinical studies show mixed results about the effectiveness of allopurinol. Some trials report that it significantly improves psychotic symptoms and cognitive problems, while others have inconclusive results. The variability in findings may be attributed to differences in study design, patient populations, and the specific symptoms assessed. allopurinol may help treat schizophrenia by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain. Its antioxidant properties support its potential as a useful therapy. Despite generally favorable safety and tolerability profiles, the long-term effects of allopurinol in psychiatric populations require further investigation. Overall, while allopurinol shows promise for improving treatment outcomes in schizophrenia, further studies are necessary to clarify its efficacy, optimal dosing, and its role in combination with existing antipsychotic therapies.
The impact of passive immunoprophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection on the frequency and severity of acute respiratory diseases and proteolytic enzyme levels in children aged 1–3 years
Authors: Ibragimova Yu. N. , Vakhlova I. V. , Krivolapova I. M.
Published: January 2025

Preventing respiratory diseases in young children remains a primary focus in pediatric healthcare.

Purpose. To evaluate the impact of passive immunization against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in children at high risk of severe RSV infection on the incidence of respiratory illnesses and the levels of proteolytic enzyme biomarkers in children aged 1–3 years.

Material and methods. The study included 216 children aged 0–3 years, divided into three groups: Main Group 1 (children who received RSV immunization), Main Group 2 (children without immunization), and a control group (health groups I and II). Health assessments were conducted during the newborn period and at ages 1–3 years. Biomarkers of pulmonary proteolytic enzymes were measured, including matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2) and 9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMMP-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-D).

Results. The absence of RSV immunoprophylaxis in the first year of life significantly contributed to the development of recurrent obstructive bronchitis (AP = 46%) and pneumonia (AP = 49.7%) in early childhood. An association was identified between MMP-9 and TIMMP-2 levels in serum and the frequency of recurrent obstructive bronchitis at ages 1–3 years. The lack of passive RSV immunization during the first year of life increased the likelihood of VEGF-D levels reaching very high values (≥97‰) by a factor of 10. An increased risk of recurrent obstructive bronchitis was also observed at elevated VEGF-D levels (≥90‰). Completing the RSV immunization cycle was associated with a significant reduction in respiratory disease cases and decreased VEGF-D levels.

Conclusion. Passive immunization against RSV in children at risk for severe RSV infection is associated with a reduction in respiratory disease incidence, recurrent obstructive bronchitis, and pneumonia, as well as an impact on fibrosis markers in children aged 1–3 years.
A differentiated approach to prescribing anti-relapse therapy based on assessment of lipocalin-2 levels
Authors: Eremeeva A. V. , Dlin V. V.
Published: January 2025

Currently, there are no standardized guidelines on the need for and frequency of anti-relapse therapy in children with chronic secondary pyelonephritis.

Purpose. To assess the diagnostic value of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) measured as a ratio to urinary creatinine (NGAL/Cr), in predicting recurrence rates of chronic secondary pyelonephritis in children.

Material and methods. The study included 158 children aged 2 to 14 years with chronic secondary pyelonephritis, comprising 130 girls (82.3%) and 28 boys (17.7%). Children were divided into groups based on the presence and scheme of anti-relapse therapy (furazidine and/or phytopreparation BNO 1045). This article continues the authors’ research previously published in 2019, 2020, and 2023.

Results. A pre-treatment urinary NGAL/Cr level above 12 ng/mg in patients with recurrent secondary pyelonephritis allowed prediction of disease recurrence and supported the need for anti-relapse therapy. Adding the phytopreparation BNO 1045 to anti-relapse therapy for one month following a two-week furazidine course extended the relapse-free period from 13 to 16 months and reduced the recurrence risk by 1.9 times with therapy administered annually. Implementing this anti-relapse therapy every six months increased the median relapse-free period to 22 months, reducing recurrence risk by over fourfold.

Conclusion. The study demonstrates the predictive value of urinary NGAL/Cr levels before the initiation of antibacterial therapy, allowing assessment of relapse risk in secondary pyelonephritis. The findings support the necessity of anti-relapse therapy in children with chronic secondary pyelonephritis. Optimal remission extension was achieved with a combination therapy of furazidine and phytopreparation BNO 1045.
A psiquiatrização da vida cotidiana e a construção de neuroidentidades virtuais
Authors: Marzal Javier , Caponi Sandra
Published: January 2025

O artigo examina a influência das redes sociais na saúde mental, destacando como plataformas como o Instagram e o YouTube contribuem para o aumento dos autodiagnósticos psiquiátricos, especialmente entre os jovens. Esse fenômeno se intensificou durante a pandemia de Covid-19, quando informações sobre saúde mental se espalharam amplamente, levando muitos a buscarem autodiagnósticos e a se identificarem com neuroidentidades virtuais, usando expressões como "sou autista", "sou TDAH" ou “tenho depressão”. A depressão, o autismo e o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) são definidos no discurso médico-psiquiátrico como condições que impactam significativamente a vida dos indivíduos. A depressão é descrita como uma doença psiquiátrica que altera o humor, provocando tristeza profunda, desesperança, baixa autoestima, distúrbios do sono e do apetite (Ministério da Saúde, 2024a). O autismo, ou Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA), é um transtorno do desenvolvimento neurológico que compromete a comunicação, a socialização e resulta em comportamentos repetitivos (Ministério da Saúde, 2024b). Já o TDAH é definido como um transtorno neurobiológico, de origem genética, caracterizado por desatenção, inquietação e impulsividade, podendo persistir ao longo da vida (Ministério da Saúde, 2024c). Esse processo reflete uma psiquiatrização da subjetividade e está profundamente conectado à lógica neoliberal de transformar identidades em mercadorias. As redes sociais amplificam esse movimento ao oferecerem um espaço de apoio, mas também simplificam questões complexas de saúde mental, muitas vezes reduzindo a compreensão do sofrimento psicológico a diagnósticos e rótulos psiquiátricos.
COVID-19 Morbidity and Mortality in Saudi Arabia: A Year-wise Geographic Analysis
Authors: Aldossari Hamad Mansur
Published: January 2025

Background

During the three years of the COVID-19 epidemic, the disease spread to 205 locations across Saudi Arabia’s 13 administrative areas. There were serious repercussions of mortality and morbidity. However, since to the hard work of all the sectors and authorities involved, the pandemic was successfully managed..

Aims and Objectives

This analytical investigation of COVID-19 aims to pinpoint the locations affected over three years. It also investigates the morbidity and mortality burden of the epidemic and identifies locations (governorates) and administrative areas for the volume and severity of COVID-19 cases, year-wise.

Methods

Daily reports of COVID-19 cases published by the Saudi Arabian Ministry of Health from March 15, 2020, to April 30, 2023, were analyzed in this research. Annual counts, estimates of crude infection rates, and case fatality rates with monthly averages were calculated for the entire country, its administrative areas, and 205 affected locations.

Results

Despite a progressive trend, the impact of the second and third waves of COVID-19 on morbidity and mortality varied across administrative areas, governorates, and locations. Both major administrative areas of Riyadh, Makkah,Madina, and the Eastern Region, as well as smaller ones, such as Al-Baha, Jazan and Aseer, faced serious repercussions of morbidity. Additionally, mortality was notable in the smaller administrative areas, namely, Al-Jouf, Hail, Jazan, Aseer, Northern Borders, and Al-Baha. Beyond, certain locations within these administrative areas outside populous cities and administrative headquarters emerged as COVID-19 hotspots, particularly in terms of mortality.

Conclusion

The COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality rates in Saudi Arabia exhibited a discernible pattern across the administrative areas, governorates, and locations, with numbers and infection rates fluctuating every month, showing both increases and decreases. Although mortality rates were higher in the first year, significant control measures were implemented that led to a reduction in this rate later. The fatality rate displayed notable variations across administrative areas. This analysis holds significance for the development of epidemic control systems, the implementation of resistance measures at the grassroots level, and the establishment of surveillance systems. Furthermore, it contributes to a clearer understanding of the situation that will facilitate international comparisons and the formation of collaborative networks.
WS: Looking From a Distance An approach to text analysis with R
Authors: Moreira Luciano , Ferreira Felipe , Pinela Joana , Faustino Joel  Ramos , Souza Raquel , Kobaliani Lile , Vigas Thaís  Barbedo , Colbaia Lizi
Published: January 2025

In this workshop, we explored a research example on the field of utopian studies and, within it, feminist criticism to illustrate text analysis with R language using metadata from the Lyman Tower Sargent Bibliography. Participants were introduced to the research topic, the R Studio environment, and guided through the iterative process of text analysis (word frequency and network analysis) with the Quanteda library. We aimed to show that visualizations are, more than results, part of a process that triggers new, more complex research questions
Neuromodulatory techniques in veterinary behavioral medicine - Expanding treatment horizons for complex behavioral disorders
Authors: Salden S. , Haverbeke A. , Peremans K. , Xu Y. , Baeken C. , Saunders J.
Published: January 2025

In this review, the emerging role of neuromodulation is explored in veterinary behavioral medicine for treating complex and refractory behavioral disorders. Conventional treatments, including environmental management, behavioral modification, and psychopharmaceuticals often fall short, necessitating alternative approaches. The potential of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) to expand treatment options is examined, supported by two illustrative case studies. While these techniques show promise, each presents unique benefits and challenges. In this review, the need for determining appropriate use is emphasized, considering clinical context, feasibility, costs, and current scientific evidence. These findings suggest that neuromodulation could significantly enhance veterinary behavioral treatment plans, but further research is essential to further validate its efficacy and refine its application.
A Review of the Issues and Challenges of Immovable Property Auction Process in Malaysia
Authors: Shaar Norshafiqah , Sulaiman Muhammad Azwan , Alias Muhammad Nazim , Lestari Nadia Ayu Rahma
Published: January 2025

The public auction process for immovable property is a legal procedure employed to invalidate the rights of original owners who have breached a contract. Banks will liquidate distressed assets when a borrower defaults on their mortgage. A significant knowledge gap exists about the auction processes for immovable property in Malaysia. This study seeks to fill this gap by analysing current literature, collecting secondary data, and highlighting the necessity for greater standardisation in public auction procedures. The findings provide substantial advantages for parties in property auctions and seek to improve the auction process through the establishment of standardised procedure.
Acknowledgment to Reviewers of Catalysis Research in 2024
Authors: Editorial Office Catalysis Research
Published: January 2025

The editors of Catalysis Research would like to express their sincere gratitude to the following reviewers for assessing manuscripts in 2024. We greatly appreciate the contribution of expert reviewers, which is crucial to the journal's editorial process. We aim to recognize reviewer contributions through several mechanisms, of which the annual publication of reviewer names is one. Reviewers can download a certificate of recognition directly from our submission system. Additionally, reviewers can sign up to the Web of Science Reviewer Recognition Service (formerly Publons) (https://webofscience.com/wos/) to receive recognition. Of course, in these initiatives we are careful not to compromise reviewer confidentiality. Many reviewers see their work as a voluntary and often unseen part of their role as researchers. We are grateful for the time reviewers donate to our journals and the contribution they make.
Assessing Familiarity, Usage Patterns, and Attitudes of Medical Students Toward ChatGPT and Other Chat-Based AI Apps in Medical Education: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Elhassan Safia Elwaleed , Sajid Muhammad Raihan , Syed Amina Mariam , Fathima Sidrah Afreen , Khan Bushra Shehroz , Tamim Hala
Published: January 2025

Background

There has been a rise in the popularity of ChatGPT and other chat-based artificial intelligence (AI) apps in medical education. Despite data being available from other parts of the world, there is a significant lack of information on this topic in medical education and research, particularly in Saudi Arabia.

Objective

The primary objective of the study was to examine the familiarity, usage patterns, and attitudes of Alfaisal University medical students toward ChatGPT and other chat-based AI apps in medical education.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study conducted from October 8, 2023, through November 22, 2023. A questionnaire was distributed through social media channels to medical students at Alfaisal University who were 18 years or older. Current Alfaisal University medical students in years 1 through 6, of both genders, were exclusively targeted by the questionnaire. The study was approved by Alfaisal University Institutional Review Board. A χ2 test was conducted to assess the relationships between gender, year of study, familiarity, and reasons for usage.

Results

A total of 293 responses were received, of which 95 (32.4%) were from men and 198 (67.6%) were from women. There were 236 (80.5%) responses from preclinical students and 57 (19.5%) from clinical students, respectively. Overall, males (n=93, 97.9%) showed more familiarity with ChatGPT compared to females (n=180, 90.09%; P=.03). Additionally, males also used Google Bard and Microsoft Bing ChatGPT more than females (P<.001). Clinical-year students used ChatGPT significantly more for general writing purposes compared to preclinical students (P=.005). Additionally, 136 (46.4%) students believed that using ChatGPT and other chat-based AI apps for coursework was ethical, 86 (29.4%) were neutral, and 71 (24.2%) considered it unethical (all Ps>.05).

Conclusions

Familiarity with and usage of ChatGPT and other chat-based AI apps were common among the students of Alfaisal University. The usage patterns of these apps differ between males and females and between preclinical and clinical-year students.
Transforming Health and Reducing PerInatal Anxiety
through Virtual Engagement (THRIVE): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Ponting Carolyn , Baer Rebecca J. , Blackman Kacie , Blebu Bridgette , Felder Jennifer N. , Oltman Scott , Tabb Karen M. , Jelliffe Pawlowski Laura
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Prenatal anxiety affects between 20 and 30% of pregnant people and is associated with adverse prenatal health conditions, birth outcomes, and postpartum mental health challenges. Individuals from racial and ethnic minority groups, sexual and gender minority groups and those with low income are all at heightened risk for prenatal anxiety due to disproportionate exposure to adverse social determinants of health. Digital Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (dCBT) has been shown to reliably reduce anxiety in mostly white and middle- to higher income samples, but its efficacy in low-income and marginalized pregnant people is understudied.

OBJECTIVE

We propose a randomized controlled trial of a dCBT (Daylight app, Big Health, Ltd) in a sample of low-income pregnant people oversampled for racial, ethnic, sexual and gender minority identity.

METHODS

Participants (n=132) will be randomized to the intervention or waitlist control group using a 1:1 allocation ratio. The intervention will be a self-guided app that employs a virtual therapist to teach and encourage practice of four key cognitive (e.g., identifying catastrophic thinking) and behavioral (e.g., increasing physical relaxation) CBT skills that can reduce anxiety. The primary outcome will be generalized anxiety symptoms; secondary outcomes will include depressive symptoms, stress, pregnancy specific anxiety and insomnia symptoms. Focus groups with a subset of participants will provide qualitative data about the acceptability of dCBT.

RESULTS

Recruitment began in June 2024. Data will be analyzed using linear mixed models which will be fit with treatment condition (dCBT and waitlist control group) as the between subjects factor, time (baseline-, 3-, 6- and 10-weeks post-randomization) as a within subjects factor and a group by time interaction. LMMs produce unbiased parameter estimates in situations where there are different numbers of observations per record and will accomodate intent to treat and sensitivity analyses.

CONCLUSIONS

This clinical trial will evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of a self-guided dCBT for prenatal anxiety among low-income and marginalized pregnant people, a group that continues to experience substantial barriers accessing in-person evidence-based psychotherapy.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06404450; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT06404450
Medical Students Preference in Blended Learning after Covid-19 Pandemic: Online vs Offline
Authors: Widyandana Widyandana , Izzah Nurul , Utomo Prattama Santoso , Claramita Mora
Published: January 2025

Background: Blended learning has been preferred to be implicated during the transition phase after the pandemic. Nowadays, universities started to shift back into offline learning after being retained for nearly 2 years. The effectiveness of digital learning should be considered. Even though it provided simplicity and ease, the effectiveness was questionable due to a lack of interaction and hands-on practice. Thus, blended learning combines face-to-face and digital learning to maximise the knowledge transfer during classes. However, the efficacy of both offline and online learning was still questioned. Each has benefits and drawbacks, which differ for every student in various conditions. This study assessed medical students’ preferences in the blended learning era.Method: This study used a cross-sectional design. An online survey was conducted among first-year medical students in the Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing Universitas Gadjah Mada (N=201). Data were analysed using a descriptive qualitative approach referring to Doyle et al. Results: Among 201 students who were included in our study, the topmost learning categories chosen to be given in an online setting were lectures (N=97), learning skills (N=18), and discussion (N=16).  For offline settings, they preferred practical skills (N=114), lectures (N=41), and skills laboratory (N=40). Students mentioned network problems as their finest challenge during online classes, and network support was the most needed to improve the learning outcome.  Conclusion: Passive activities that require the least effort were favoured to be given online, and activities requiring active participation were preferred to be given face-to-face. Limitations were challenging for students in participating in online classes; further evaluation and improvement are needed.
Upgrading for Sustainable Development Goal through 16th Plan of Nepal: A Study of Its Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Khanal Dr. Uttam , Puri Ravi Raj
Published: January 2025

Nepal has implemented the millennium development goals since 2000 to 2015. During the period, poverty decreased from 42% to 23.8%, while the net enrollment rate at the primary level was 96.6%, the literacy rate of the 24-year-old age group reached 88.5%, and the retention rate at the primary level reached 85.6%.  The infant mortality rate was 108 per thousand and the child mortality rate per thousand live births was 162 in 1990. These numbers were decrease to 33 and 3 respectively in 2014. Measles vaccination had reached 92 percent. The list of least developed countries of Nepal will upgrade to developing countries before in 2030. The identification and use of potential resources have together opportunities and challenges for Nepal. The goal of sustainable development can achieve by making the best use opportunities facing the challenges that have come before it. An Implementation of the Millennium Development Goals was 2016 to 2030, including Nepal and 193 countries in the world. It was include ending all forms of poverty, education, health, housing, clean fuel, and the environment for all. Equal participation at all levels in development is essential to achieving human rights, gender equality, and empowerment for all women and children. The sustainable ecological system has adopted policy to protect, enhance, and use natural resources. It is decide to build an egalitarian society in the preamble of the Constitution of Nepal 2015. A policy was adapting to bases of national needs and priorities on foreign aid for the implementation process and global partnerships for sustainable development.
A Study on Great Expectations from the Perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism
Authors: Wu Min , Liu Yajing
Published: January 2025

Charles Dickens was the greatest English critical realist of the nineteenth century with vivid descriptions of the capitalist society he lived in and profound humanitarian feelings towards the poverished group. Great Expectations is Dickens’ masterpiece in his later years, which tells the story of Pip, an ordinary boy who dreamed of becoming a “gentleman” and finally lost and regained his dream. Chinese scholar Nie Zhenzhao put forward the method of ethical literary criticism, aiming at analyzing the ethical connotation of literary works from a historical dialectical perspective. In view of the rich ethical factors involved in Dickens’ works, this paper attempts to explore the ethical themes contained in Great Expectations from three aspects: ethical environment, ethical identity and ethical choice, so as to reveal Dickens’ ethical demands and its important contributions to the construction of humanistic spirit. In terms of ethical literary criticism, Great Expectations depicts the ethical picture of Victorian era and guides readers into a world with unbalanced ethical order, in which ethical choice is the core factor leading to its ethical endings. This paper analyzes the ethical connotation hidden in the works and tries to provide new enlightenment for ethical literary criticism.
Liver Cancer Prediction Using Deep Learning
Authors: Shelke Prof. Mayuri
Published: January 2025

Liver cancer is one of the major causes of cancer which requires accurate and early diagnosis for effective treatment.
Conventional treatment often encounter challenges in early detection and tumor classification. Deep learning is a subset of AI
and has shown immense potential in medical image analysis, offering improved accuracy for liver cancer detection and
prediction. This review explores deep-learning models applied to liver cancer prediction, focusing on convolutional neural
networks, recurrent neural networks, and ensemble methods. Key challenges, such as handling 3D medical imaging, data
imbalance, and model interpretability, are discussed. Furthermore, this review highlights the clinical applications of deep
learning models in tumor detection, segmentation, classification, and prognosis prediction. This review provides a detail
overview of current deep learning techniques and their transformative impact on liver cancer diagnosis and treatment planning.
Cancer in Iraq, general view of annual report 2022
Authors: Salih Hiba H. , Abd Sura Y. , Al-Kaseer Eman , Al-Diwan Jawad
Published: January 2025

Objective: Increasing cancer rate in Iraq is a concerning issue. The rise in life expectancy, shift in behavior risk factors, and the effects of armed conflict may be contributing to this increase. This work was carried out to provide a review of cancer in Iraq.
Methods: Data were obtained from cancer registration, cancer board in Iraq in Ministry of Health in Iraq for the years 1976 to 2022. Cancer incidence was calculated as case per 100000 population for each year. Population of Iraq was obtained from Ministry of Planning.
Results: Incidence of cancer has generally increase through the time (upward trendline in incidence of cancer over years). The R2 suggests a reasonable capture in variation in the incidence of cancer. The age -standardized incidence rate  of cancer in 2022 was 158.94 per 100000. Incidence rates were more prominent in Al-Najaf, Al-Sulaymaniyah, Erbil and Karbala (123.74, 121.4, 119.9 and 111.8 per 100 000, respectively).
Conclusion: addressing the issue of cancer in Iraq requires a multifaceted approach that includes improving environmental conditions, enhancing healthcare services and raising awareness about cancer prevention and early detection.
Ressentimento e intolerância da extrema direita católica
Authors: Boccato Almeida André Luiz , Mureb Carolina
Published: January 2025

O crescimento da extrema direita é um fenômeno constatável em diversos países e, historicamente, sabe-se que setores da Igreja Católica sempre estiveram alinhados com seu projeto político. Vários fatores socioculturais e políticos explicam essa polarização, que condiciona a religiosidade das pessoas. No atual pontificado, a extrema direita parece ter se afirmado e encontrado uma cidadania, visibilizada principalmente nas redes sociais. Além disso, percebe-se que há uma resistência pública e fortemente declarada dentro da estrutura eclesiástica católica, encontrando terreno fecundo contra as reformas promovidas pelo Papa Francisco. Dessa forma, a oposição e o ataque ao Papa Francisco ocorrem não somente fora da Igreja, mas principalmente dentro dela, por meio de grupos bem-organizados que resistem ao avanço de pautas centradas no diálogo, na inclusão, na justiça social e na acolhida das vítimas. Neste artigo, procurar-se-á demonstrar que o financiamento da oposição feita pela extrema direita tem sua raiz na centralidade que Francisco dá à misericórdia. A reflexão será desenvolvida em três momentos: no primeiro, abordar-se-á o tema do ressentimento e da intolerância no contexto da extrema direita; no segundo, apresentar-se-ão as pautas evangélicas protagonizadas pelo Papa Francisco em suas reformas eclesiais; e, no terceiro, propor-se-á um caminho educativo que reflita sobre esta situação social e eclesial.
Estudo ensaístico sobre a epistemologia transcendental da consciência
Authors: Barbosa Giorlando
Published: January 2025

Este ensaio sobre a realidade da consciência deseja comunicar o invisível e ilimitado, que se deixa aproximar por uma experiência fenomênica, observante de si e do outro em seu comportamento, como que por veredas em um labirinto em trilha "mistérica", profunda e obscura, e que se impõe como possibilidade. E seu desenvolver-se suscita sempre, e cada vez mais, dúvidas sobre a veracidade do insight obtido, sendo este na opacidade daquela manifestação.