bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gender role attitudes cannot explain how British couples responded to increased housework demands during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Hudde Ansgar , Hank Karsten , Jacob Marita
Published: April 2021

Previous research has shown that gender role attitudes can predict changes in couples’ housework division over critical life events, but these studies might have suffered from endogeneity because the occurrence of such life events is anticipated and may be affected by gender role attitudes. In contrast, the COVID-19 pandemic was a truly exogenous shock that hit couples unexpectedly. This study examines the role of gender ideologies in how couples adjusted their division of housework during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 compared to a pre-pandemic baseline observation. The data cover 3,219 couples from the UK Household Longitudinal Study, with a baseline wave and four COVID-19 panel waves between April and September 2020. We found no evidence that individuals’ or couples’ pre-crisis gender role attitudes affected changes in men's and women's absolute or relative contributions to housework at any time during the lockdown. However, both partners spent substantially more time on housework throughout the COVID-19 crisis than before, especially in the early stages, and in relative terms, the pandemic seems to have contributed to at least a temporary, modest increase in gender equality in housework. We discuss our results against the background of previous research whose results may have suffered from endogeneity problems and argue that the COVID-19 ‘shock’ was likely perceived as a merely temporary disruption of couples' established housework arrangements.
Knowledge sharing in tension: Interacting and documenting on Stack Overflow
Authors: Hillman Thomas , Seredko Alena , Nivala Markus , Osborne Tanya
Published: April 2021

This exploratory paper examines a tension between interacting and documenting as knowledge sharing tasks on Stack Overflow, a platform that supports informal learning at scale in the domain of programming. The study works with platform data in the form of the text of posts and accompanying metadata along with 16 interviews with users. Drawing on trace ethnography as an approach to maintaining an interpretive stance while combining several types of data, this preliminary analysis discusses two interrelated particularities of the tension. The discussion of these particularities, platform mechanics and competing temporalities, helps to unpack a tension that is both a phenomenon of analytic interest and a member’s concern for users of the platform.
Folgenabschätzung und Wirkungsanalysen im Bereich Kulturerbe
Authors: Wieser Angela
Published: April 2021

Wissenschaft und Akteure und Akteurinnen aus dem Bereich des Kulturerbes, haben sich in den vergangenen Jahren vermehrt für ein ganzheitliches Verständnis von Kulturerbe und damit auch für einen holistischen Ansatz der Folgenabschätzung ausgesprochen. Das UNESCO-Modell des Heritage Impact Assessments hat sich dafür nur als bedingt einsetzbar erwiesen. Der „Cultural Heritage Counts for Europe“-Bericht zielte auf Bewusstseinsbildung hinsichtlich eines ganzheitlichen Verständnisses von Kulturerbe. Auch im Forschungsprojekt SoPHIA hat sich eine solche Bewusstseinsbildung als zentrale Voraussetzung für ganzheitliche Folgenabschätzungen von Projekten und Programmen im Bereich Kulturerbe erwiesen. Denn nur wenn die Auftraggeber(innen) eine holistische Zugangsweise unterstützen und nur mit den entsprechenden zeitlichen und finanziellen Ressourcen, ist es für Evaluator(inn)en und Wissenschaftler(innen) möglich, ganzheitliche Folgenabschätzungen durchzuführen. Für die Evaluationspraxis bedeutet dies Transparenz in der Frage, ob und inwiefern eine Studie dem Ziel eines ganzheitlichen Ansatzes entspricht.
ANALYSIS OF TEAR FILM IN DIFFERENT LENGTHS OF TIME WHEN USING ELECTRONIC DEVICES
Authors: Fang Hui Dong , Bezkorovayna I.M.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The problem of changing the specific qualitative characteristics of the tear film in computer display users, who operate gadgets, is still little studied that explains the relevance of this investigation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the indicators of the tear film depending on the different durations of using gadgets. Materials and methods. We examined 311 people (622 eyes) aged 18 to 48 years, on average (29 ± 0.56). Among them there were 205 women (65%) and 106 men (35%), who used electronic devices from 1 to 6 hours during the working day. The study had two stages: at I stage we analyzed the tear film without the influence of computer load; at II stage we analyzed the changes in the tear film depending on the time of using gadgets. Results. In the group of people who operated computers for 1 hour, the thinning of the lipid layer of the tear film was found out in 70% of participants, and the stability indicators of the NIBUT tear film were disturbed in 57%. 2 hours of operating computers resulted in thinning of the lipid layer of the tear film by 86%, and the number of cases with a disturbance of the tear films stability also increased to 67%. After 4 hours of operating computers, thinning of the lipid layer of the tear film was diagnosed in 95% of the participants, the number of cases with impaired tear film stability increased significantly up to 91%. More than 6 hours of computer operating caused a thinning of the lipid layer of the tear film in all participants (100%), and severe impairment of the tea film stability was also found out in all participants. Conclusion. Depending on the duration of operating electronic devices, moderate or severe changes in the quality of the lipid layer of the tear film and disturbances in the stability of the tear film have been found out to occur.
MAGNETOELECTROCHEMICAL CONCEPT OF METABOLISM: POSTULATES AND MAIN CONCLUSIONS. PART 1.
Authors: Nevoit G.V.
Published: April 2021

The article presents the elaborated postulates of the magnetoelectrochemical scientific concept of metabolism in relation to the atomic and molecular levels of electromagnetic phenomenology. The aim of the study is to summarize the available current results and scientific physical and biological ideas in the magnetoelectrochemical concept of metabolism from the standpoint of systemic medicine in order to deepen the fundamental knowledge of systemic medicine, increase the effectiveness of measures for the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases by improving their diagnosis and prophylaxis through the introduction of the latest high technologies. This theoretical study was carried out to develop a new level of knowledge concept; it generalizes the results of research work (including exploratory research, development and processing of a scientific hypothesis, a series of empirical studies) in the form of a theoretical basis and formulates postulates of theory of the magnetoelectrochemical concept. General scientific and theoretical methods as components of a systemic approach (taking into account the interdisciplinary, interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary scientific environment) were applied in the study. The synthesis of scientific knowledge included the microlevel (atomic, molecular) and macrolevel (tissue, organ, organismic) of elucidation of the magnetoelectrochemical phenomenology of the organization and functioning of living biological systems, including a human body. There are 12 postulates and 4 conclusions regarding the atomic level and 26 postulates and 6 conclusions regarding the molecular level of the magnetoelectric organization of the structure and functioning of living biological systems presented in Part I. Such basic fundamental conclusions grounded on the results of theoretical research are set out in Part I: 1) the life of a biological system is a process of magnetoelectric activation of its biomolecules and it starts and ensures their biochemical activity and structural integrity in their collective interaction of a single organism; 2) modern fundamental knowledge of the level of atomic-molecular magnetoelectric processes of living biological systems should be fully integrated into medical science with a shift in the electrochemical paradigm of metabolism to the magnetoelectrochemical paradigm based on the positions of systemic medicine.
SPECTRUM OF PATHOGENS CAUSING PURULENT INFLAMMATORY DISEASES IN SURGICAL PATIENTS
Authors: Loban G.A. , Hancho O.V. , Chapala A.N. , Fedorchenko V.I. , Sivovol V.N.
Published: April 2021

This article for the first time describes the frequency rate of detecting various surgical infections depending on the number of pathogens and the spectrum of the microorganisms found in surgical patients of the Poltava Regional Clinic Hospital, Ukraine. The objectives include the identification of the etiological spectrum of pathogens causing purulent inflammatory diseases in inpatients of the surgical unit. Materials and methods. On the basis of the bacteriological laboratory, we studied 121 biological samples taken from the patients of the surgical unit. Microflora isolation was performed on nutrient media by bacteriological method. Microorganisms isolated from various biosubstrates were identified using API biochemical test systems (BioMerieux, France). Based on the findings obtained, the occurrence rate of certain pathogens and their associations was calculated (%). Results and discussion. The study demonstrated the prevalence of mono-infections, which make up 67%, caused by Staphylococci, mainly S. Aureus in the surgical patients. In general, gram-negative bacteria are prevalent, among which Klebsiella and Acinetobacter are found out as the most prevalent pathogens; among Gram-positive microorganisms, Enterococci were identified more often in association with other bacteria. Conclusions. The study has shown among the causative agent resulting in diseases requiring surgical treatment, gram-negative bacteria predominate, among which Klebsiella and Acinetobacter are the most often detected. Among gram-positive cocci, Enterococci are typically detected in the association with other bacteria; most often, this pathogen is isolated in monoculture, mainly represented by staphylococci.
ENERJİ-ETKİN ESNEK ATÖLYE TİPİ MAKİNE ÇİZELGELEME PROBLEMİ İÇİN ÇOK AMAÇLI BİR MATEMATİKSEL MODEL
Authors: AKYOL ÖZER Emine , DİNCER Sevcan , TAMER Hüseyin
Published: April 2021

Bu çalışmada, bir conta fabrikasındaki yeniden dolaşım ve makine uygunluk gibi sürece özgü kısıtların bulunduğu bir esnek atölye tipi çizelgeleme problemi ele alınmıştır. Klasik makine çizelgeleme problemlerinde son işin tamamlanma zamanı, ağırlıklı tamamlanma zamanı, toplam gecikme gibi verimliliği veya maliyeti enküçükleyecek amaçlar ele alınmaktadır. Son yıllarda ise, sürdürülebilir üretim süreçlerinin önem kazanmasıyla bu amaçlara ek olarak, enerji odaklı amaç fonksiyonları gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada, klasik çoğu çizelgeleme problemlerinden farklı olarak, toplam enerji tüketimini ve toplam ağırlıklı tamamlanma zamanını enküçükleyecek çok amaçlı bir matematiksel model geliştirilmiştir. Bu modelin performansı, GAMS/Cplex çözücüsünde küçük boyutlu test problemleri ve fabrikadaki gerçek hayat problemleri kullanılarak test edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar tartışılmıştır.
Indigenous Territoriality: External Discourses and Native Perspectives on the Space Inhabited by Tegria’s U’wa Community
Authors: Gamba-Barón Oscar Fernando , Unigarro-Caguasango Daniel Esteban , Carvajal-Sánchez Nohora Inés
Published: April 2021

Tegria’s community is part of the U’wa indigenous people, who have inhabited the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy since the pre-Hispanic period, in the jurisdiction of the current municipality of Cubara in Boyaca (Colombia). However, this region known as Sarare has been described from anthropological, ethnohistorical, linguistical, and to a lesser extent, geographical approaches, which have generated representations of territory that ignore the historical process of indigenous people. To account for the present territoriality, it was proposed to contrast these external discourses with the community’s visions on its history of occupation and the transformations of the inhabited space, compiled through participatory methodologies that sought the collaborative construction of knowledge based on joint recognition of the place, the participant observation and the constant dialogue between indigenous and researchers. In this way, it was established that the external discourses show a territory that does not correspond to the processes of appropriation, adaptation, and reconfiguration of the space that the U’wa indigenous community has lived through and are evident in everyday settings such as the cultivation plot and the school. Therefore, it is only possible to recognize indigenous territoriality by exploring other alternatives, expressions, and perspectives that involve directly the communities and are not external to the context of the inquiry itself.
Case Valuation in Transitive Clauses: A Comparative Study of Punjabi and English Syntax
Authors: Rafay Khan Abdul , Kausar Ghazala
Published: April 2021

Case is a morphological realization on a noun phrase (NP) to represent the NP's grammatical relationship with the main verb of the clause. With respect to case, languages, in many cases, can be broadly divided into two alignment systems, i.e., ergative-absolutive and nominative-accusative. In the former type of languages, e.g., Punjabi, the subjects usually receive an ergative post position in transitive clauses (with perfective aspect) while in the latter type of languages, e.g., English, the subject, i.e., in nominative case receives, no post position. There has been a widespread controversy on whether ergative is a structural case or a lexical/inherent case and how the arguments are, i.e., subject and objects valued case in case of ergative clauses. With this ongoing debate in the background, this study aims to compare the marking of case on the arguments, i.e., subjects and objects in the transitive clauses of English and Punjabi. The study is conducted under the minimalist framework of Chomsky (2008), who emphasized on Strong Minimalist Thesis (SMT): language provides the best possible solution to the interface conditions imposed by other systems of the human mind, i.e., related to meaning and sound, which interact with language through their interfaces Conceptual Intentional (C-I) and Sensori-Motor (SM) respectively. In this framework, a feature valuation mechanism is induced by the probes, i.e., C and v*. The study finds that in split ergative languages (the languages which take both case patterns, i.e., nominative and ergative) like Punjabi, the EA, i.e., subjects of perfective transitive clauses are assigned the ergative case by the functional heads v* at [Spec-v*] while the IA, i.e., objects are valued accusative case by the same functional head v* under Agree operation. A consequence of this finding concludes that T has default agreement in such languages, which is possible because Punjabi (like its other South Asian counterparts, e.g., Urdu-Hindi, Bengali, and Kashmiri) is a pro-drop language. So, it is easy to assume that EPP and Agree features of T are an option
Innocent Texts Conspiring with Imperial Desire: A Critique of Nafisi’s Reading Lolita in Tehran
Authors: Riaz Humaira
Published: April 2021

'Native informant' acclaims the transmission of stereotypical representation of Muslim society as a general rule and women specifically. The present work provides a comprehensive prospect of women status defined by religion Islam to build consciousness globally. Through qualitative inquiry, the present study critically analyzes Nafisi's Reading Lolita in Tehran (2003). Iranian writer Azar Nafisi assumes the role of 'native informant' who amplifies the narrative to authenticate her account. The study employs 'amplification' as apparatus to scrutinize fundamentalist perspective of religion Islam reflected in Iranian fiction. Spivak's concept of 'native informant' is reproduced in the narratives to establish the narrator's role as a hybrid character whose thoughts regularly record and oppose the assumed fundamentalist obligations set by the Islamic regime. The narrative begins in the narrator's house, who ardently assembles her university students and discusses various classical literary works. The memoir recounts a woman's experience in Tehran before, during, and after the revolution. Names of characters are concealed to keep individuals safe from probable vengeance and degradation. Primarily, the study enquires how knowledge production through writing personal narratives runs into mainstream culture, characterizing the representation of stereotypes. Narratives inform about a specific culture and mirror the role of 'native informant' in amplifying fundamentals of native culture and religion. Nafisi's account of extensive cultural and religious judgments from context-specific attempts to extrapolate that Islamic Republic Iran vehemently formed a desperate unobtrusive region, which maltreated women. Nafisi may have a self-protective standpoint for women, but she emerged more like a "native informant" rather than a social reformer by amplifying the situation.
A Multidimensional Analysis of Pakistani English Written Discourse
Authors: Irshad Isra , Anwar Behzad
Published: April 2021

The present study analyzes Pakistani English written discourse through multidimensional analysis. For this purpose, two corpora types, including Pakistani universities' newsletters and Pakistani human rights NGOs' annual reports, have been complied. It has been investigated how the language of newsletters of Pakistani universities differs from that of annual reports of Pakistani human rights NGOs on D1 and D2 of the multidimensional approach. Biber’s (1988) multidimensional analysis provides the theoretical grounding to the present study. MAT software (1.3) has been used to tag and analyze the data. Co-occurrences of linguistic features are quantitatively analyzed and then qualitatively interpreted through D1 and D2 of multidimensional approach. The results reveal that the language of this written discourse of Pakistani English is informational on D1. By comparing it with Biber's work of 1988, it has been revealed that this genre is close to the official documents on D1. The language of Pakistani universities' newsletter is more informational on this dimension than that of the genre of Pakistani NGOs annual reports as the mean scores for both are -26.79 and -25.13, respectively. The analysis of the D2 indicates that the genre of the selected written discourse is non-narrative. However, Pakistani universities' newsletters are close to broadcasts, whereas the annual reports of human rights NGOs are close to the personal letters. Moreover, the newsletters discourse is strongly non-narrative than that of the annual reports.
PRODUCTION OF ORNAMENTAL PYRAMID PEPPER WITH REFLECTIVE MATERIAL ON BENCHES IN DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Silva Laura Araújo , Salles Josiane Souza , Cambui Neto Luiz Martins , Costa Edilson , Silva Abimael Gomes , Cavalcante Daniele Ferreira , Binotti Flávio Ferreira da Silva , Zoz Tiago
Published: April 2021

Pepper trees have great ornamental value due to the varied colors of their fruits. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the Pyramid cultivar's production in different cultivation environments using benches with reflective material. The experiment was carried out in two protected environments: a) agricultural greenhouse with 42-50% shade screen under the plastic film and b) agricultural screen with black monofilament screen with 18% shade. Inside the environments, the production system was tested with and without reflective material on the cultivation bench. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, with four replicates and six plants per plot. Joint analysis was used to compare environments. At 45, 60, and 75 days after transplantation, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, canopy area, and number of fruits were evaluated. The agricultural greenhouse with a 42/50% shade screen under the plastic film provided the formation of higher plants with greater stem diameter, greater number of leaves and fruits, and greater top diameter than the screen with 18% shading. The reflective mirror material showed positive results only for plant height.
Building the controler for differential diving modes of VIAM-AUV2000
Authors: Châu Thanh Hải , Huy Trần Ngọc , Phương Tôn Thiện , Diễn Huỳnh Mạnh
Published: April 2021

This paper presents a new form of the autonomous underwater vehicle with a built-in subsystem of cylinder and counterbalance to support floating and diving, the electrical and mechanical system is built-in a modular form for easy integration and disassembly - mounting and expanding the system. In particular, show optimal calculation for diving robot's profile, simulating stress, deformation impact on the profile of the robot to select the hull's material and thickness to make sure the robot is durable and steady at a depth of 50m. The paper also presents advantages of hybrid design between traditional AUV which uses propeller and rudder to turn and glider using counterbalance and cylinder to dive. In addition, the design of the control system for the robot is also mentioned and clarified through the selection of sensors, actuators, designing electrical circuit, designing 600W thruster and tri-axis rotation angles estimator for stable operation of the robot at a depth of 50m. In addition, the paper also presents the dynamic model of the diving robot VIAMAUV2000, from which, builds, simulates and applies controller for diving robot in two main forms: using thruster (AUV mode) and not using thruster (Glider mode).
Dynamic analysis of small gasoline car model powertrain using MATLAB / SIMDRIVELINE
Authors: Nhan TRAN Huu , Thanh NGUYEN Ngoc , Trinh VO Ba Khanh , Nguyen NGUYEN Van
Published: April 2021

The powertrain model of a vehicle using a small gasoline engine is designed based on the analysis results of the Matlab/Simdriveline simulation model. In which, the vehicle's powertrain model parts include: engine, clutch, gearbox, differential and wheels, and overall vehicle modeled by Matlab/ Simdriveline. Mathematical basis of the corresponding models for systems or components are used to build simulated models for the entire vehicle's powertrain system. The input parameters for the simulation problem include parameters of the size, mass, structural and technical parameters of each system such as transmission ratio, power, velocity, efficiency, determined based on actual vehicle model and empirical calculations. The simulation calculation process is done on the basis of the variation of the engine power, from which, the corresponding input and output kinetic and dynamic parameters of each system in the powertrain system consists of clutch, gearbox, differential, are obtained in the time domain. The results of simulation calculation of the kinematics and dynamics of each system in the vehicle's powertrain are analyzed as a basis for design improvement to improve the dynamic performance of the vehicle model.
Main the Oretical Provisions of Grain Material Separation in Air Channels with Unequal Air Flow Speed
Authors:   National Scientific Center “Institute of Agricultural Mechanization and Electrification”, Stepanenko Serhii , Kotov Boris ,   Podilsky State Agrarian Technical University
Published: April 2021

The article considers the increase of efficiency of grain materials separation in pneumatic vertical channels by determining the rational shape and parameters of material supply, as well as the geometric shape of the pneumatic channel and options for separation into fractions. Regularities of change of trajectory and speed of movement of material in pneumatic vertical channels of round section with the lower unloading of material are received. The regularities of particle motion in the form of a material point were determined taking into account air resistance forces, friction forces, Magnus and Zhukovsky forces, material moisture and density based on a theoretical study of grain fractionation in pneumatic vertical channels. Using the proposed dependences for the design of air separators, it is possible to determine the initial rate of introduction and the direction of entry of grains into the air stream, which are the initial conditions for determining the trajectory of material in air channels with lower material discharge.
Evaluation of the Efficiency of Soil with Deep Chiseling
Authors:   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Leshchenko Serhii , Salo Vasyl ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University, Petrenko Dmytro ,   Central Ukrainian National Technical University
Published: April 2021

The paper presents the evaluation of effectiveness of deep chiseling with the help of analytical methods. General objective of the work is to develop the method for describing theoretical interaction of operating parts of machines and tools with soil during main chiseling in the form of a stochastic process of successive hits of the operating part with a solid medium. The destruction of monoliths (uncultivated) soil during its cultivation was considered as a process of formation and subsequent evolution of dynamic cracks, the nature and amount of which, in a particular soil volume, is determined by the amount of energy absorbed by operating parts and the actual properties of cultivated soil. It should be taken into consideration that the spread of cracks during chiseling occurs by the lowest strength of connections between certain structural units, in fact organic inclusions, soil pores, moisture inclusions and other similar elements are the largest centers of formation, concentration and further development of cracks during cultivation. Interaction of operating parts of machines and tools with soil is most expedient to carry out modeling work in a thickness of the environment of a dihedral wedge taking into account mechanical structure of soil. It is established that the number of cracks and the size and number of lumps after cultivation are linearly dependent, which means that to qualitatively study the change in physical state, during chiseling with operating parts and tools, it is enough to study the process and evolution of cracking. As a result of the work performed, it is proved that the degree of soil grinding during its chiseling can be assessed by probability, and the quality of tools, that is the percentage of total mass of cultivated soil particles with the size not exceeding 50 mm. When modeling chiseling, the grinding process can be considered in the form of interaction of a dihedral wedge with a solid structured layer of soil with specified properties. The interaction of the chiseling operating part with the soil is accompanied by deformation of soil environment, increased stresses and cracks, which ultimately determine the shape and size of the crushed units. We believe that the number and nature of cracks that occur during tillage are in direct proportion to the size of the obtained units upon completion.
Gerenciamento Das Informações Contábeis Como Subsídio Aos Processos De Tomadas De Decisão
Authors: Marzzoni David Nogueira Silva , Silva Antônio Wairan Ferreira da , Oliveira Epaminondas de Azevedo
Published: April 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a utilização das informações contábeis por empresários de Rondon do Pará/PA. Pois através destes relatórios os gestores podem tomar decisões e diminuir os riscos inerentes ao negócio. Neste sentido foi realizado um estudo para verificar como as informações contábeis influenciam nas tomadas decisões. A metodologia utilizada para realizar a pesquisa se desenvolveu por meio da aplicação de um questionário composto por questões abertas e fechadas para a coleta de dados. Para o estudo foi utilizado uma amostra aleatória de 20 microempresas de um universo de 181 empresas segundo dados da Câmera de Dirigentes Lojistas de Rondon do Pará/PA. Constatou-se que a maior parte dos empreendimentos possuem mais de 5 anos de atividade no mercado, provando ser empresas estabelecidas no comércio. Verificou-se também o grau de relevância dado aos relatórios provenientes da contabilidade e que muitos gestores apesar de considerarem esses relatórios importantes para questões econômicas raramente utilizam-se dessas informações no processo de tomada de decisões gerenciais.
Arbitragem e precedentes vinculantes no Brasil
Authors: Yano Ricardo Almeida dos Santos Catelan , Yano Leonardo Almeida dos Santos Catelan
Published: April 2021

O presente artigo pretende examinar a aplicação à sentença arbitral de precedentes judiciais vinculantes instituídos pelo Código de Processo Civil e pela Constituição Federal. A arbitragem e a necessidade de uniformizar os posicionamentos jurisdicionais são dois temas que ganharam destaque nos últimos anos. O método de estudo utilizado será o dedutivo e, inicialmente, faremos uma breve analise da arbitragem e dos precedentes judiciais no Brasil. A seguir, examinaremos alguns posicionamentos doutrinários sobre o tema e faremos algumas considerações a respeito das consequências legais do não exame ou da não aplicação dos precedentes judiciais pelo árbitro. Por fim, chegaremos à conclusão de que a arbitragem de direito obriga o árbitro a analisar os precedentes judiciais, ainda que entenda pela sua não aplicação ao litigio submetido à jurisdição privada.
Postivismo e hermenêutica: Da crise do formalismo à crise da interpretação
Authors: Yano Ricardo Almeida dos Santos Catelan , Yano Leonardo Almeida dos Santos Catelan
Published: April 2021

O positivismo jurídico passou por transformações no século XX, precisando se reinventar para reduzir seu formalismo. A aplicação de princípios nas decisões judiciais contribuiu para superar a crise, mas aumentou a subjetividade dos julgamentos. O ativismo judicial provocou, por sua vez, um problema hermenêutico: a crise na interpretação. Assim, o presente artigo objetiva analisar tais crises a partir da evolução do positivismo e do aprimoramento da nova hermenêutica filosófica, através da ponderação entre os princípios decisórios e os reflexos sociais da decisão no direito brasileiro. A tendência de recuperar a objetividade e a segurança jurídica das decisões, sem desconsiderar a importância dos princípios, é tratada à luz da recente mudança na Lei de Introdução ao Direito brasileiro. A análise de teorias individuais e de alteração legislativa concreta para evidenciar as crises e a tentativa de superação demonstram aplicação do método indutivo.
Atenção À Gestante, Novo Grupo De Risco Frente Ao Coronavírus
Authors: Sousa Bárbara Melo de , Batista Bruna Rocha , Sousa Eric Barros , Palhano Haphaelle Albuquerque de Senna , Corrêa João Victor Eleutério , Peixoto Júlia Aureliano Machado , Souza Leandro de Jesus , Maia Letícia Souza , Ganem Maria Luiza Porto , Oliveira Matheus Lôres de , Araújo Danilo Sousa Dutra , Canella Heliara Maria Spina
Published: April 2021

No presente estudo, foram sistematizados conhecimentos a respeito das gestantes como novo grupo de risco diante da pandemia da covid-19. Assim, compreende-se que, apesar de não existirem evidências comprobatórias que mulheres grávidas possam apresentar sinais e sintomas diferentes ou estejam em maior risco de acometimento por tal doença, as gestantes foram inseridas no grupo de risco em decorrência das mudanças fisiológicas e hormonais sofridas no período gestacional, deixando-as mais suscetíveis a contrair infecções em comparação às mulheres que não estão gestantes. Desse modo, foi realizado um estudo de revisão bibliográfica em que os artigos analisados totalizaram 244 gestantes contaminadas com o SARS CoV 2, demonstrando aspectos inconclusivos e conteúdo escasso. Ademais, é notável que não houve a publicação de casos com evidências clínicas sobre a transmissão vertical. Por conseguinte, o objetivo desse estudo, foi compreender os motivos que levaram as gestantes a serem consideradas grupo de risco diante da nova pandemia, bem como os métodos de transmissão, prevenção, sinais, sintomas e complicações ocasionadas pelo novo coronavírus. Diante do exposto, almejou-se, ainda, por meio de um website informacional (Gestantes X Coronavírus), criado pelos acadêmicos do curso de Medicina da Universidade de Rio Verde, Câmpus Formosa (GO), levar conhecimento ao maior número de gestantes, assim como para a população em geral, visando sanar dúvidas e proporcionar maior aprendizado por meio da educação.
АНАЛІЗ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ МІЖНАРОДНИХ РЕЙТИНГОВИХ АГЕНТСТВ НА СУЧАСНОМУ ЕТАПІ
Authors: Грудзевич Уляна , Руденко Зоряна , Сідельник Олена
Published: April 2021

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням діяльності міжнародних рейтингових агентств в умовах фінансових та економічних криз. Прокласифіковано види рейтингів та прогнозів які встановлюють міжнародні рейтингові агентства Standard & Poor’s, Mood’s Investors Service, Fitch Ratings. Визначено сутність та систематизовано фактори на підставі яких встановлюють кредитний рейтинг країни (суверенний рейтинг) рейтингові агентства. Досліджено досвід діяльності міжнародних рейтингових агентств в умовах пандемії COVID-19 та основні тенденції встановлення ними суверенного та кредитних рейтингів емітентів за кордоном та в Україні. Проаналізовано зв’язок суверенного рейтингу та кредитного рейтингу емітентів, які працюють в Україні. Виділено основні переваги та проблеми рейтингування міжнародними рейтинговими агентствами у сучасних умовах.
АНАЛІЗ ТА ОЦІНКА ПРОЗОРОСТІ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ КОМУНАЛЬНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ДЕЦЕНТРАЛІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Дідур Сергій , Глухова Валентина , Кравченко Христина
Published: April 2021

Від ефективного функціонування підприємств комунального господарства залежить рівень економічного розвитку регіонів та країни в цілому, оскільки їх діяльність пов’язана із забезпеченням життєдіяльності громад і територій. Велике значення мають прозорість і відкритість комунальних підприємств, що дозволяють ефективно використовувати фінансові ресурси. Тому дослідження питань прозорості комунальних підприємств, результативності та ефективності їх діяльності є актуальними, особливо в умовах децентралізації. Метою роботи є аналіз прозорості комунальних підприємств, а також розробка пропозицій щодо її підвищення. Інформаційною базою дослідження стали фахова література, офіційні статистичні дані, веб-сайти комунальних підприємств міста Кременчука, дослідження вітчизняних і зарубіжних вчених. У статті розглянуто особливості комунального господарства України, проаналізовано рівень прозорості та підзвітності деяких комунальних підприємств міста Кременчука на основі Методології дослідження публічності комунальних підприємств. За результатами дослідження сформовано їх рейтинг за 2019 рік. Визначено ключові проблеми щодо прозорості та підзвітності підприємств комунальної форми власності. Сформульовано пропозиції та подано практичні рекомендації щодо оприлюднення інформації комунальними підприємствами про їх діяльність, підвищення їх підзвітності.
УКРАЇНСЬКО-ПОЛЬСЬКІ МІЖНАРОДНІ ВІДНОСИНИ В КОНТЕКСТІ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ ТА ЄВРОАТЛАНТИЧНОГО ВИБОРУ
Authors: Криштанович Мирослав
Published: April 2021

У статті висвітлено проблеми формування стратегічного партнерства між Україною та Польщею в питаннях зовнішньої політики. Доведено, що з другої половини 90-х років українсько-польські взаємини у площині зовнішньої політики почали набувати ознак стратегічного партнерства, тобто це були такі відносини між державами, які спрямовувались на довготривалий характер. У перспективі стратегічне партнерство між двома країнами повинно постійно підсилюватися взаємодією у рамках постійно діючих міждержавних механізмів, подальшим зміцненням договірно-правової бази двостороннього співробітництва. Адже лише у політичній та військовій сфері можна буде говорити про налагодження відносин стратегічного партнерства, хоча динаміка і результативність контактів між органами виконавчої влади двох країн потребують серйозного посилення. З’ясовано, що подальший розвиток відносин стратегічного партнерства між Україною та Республікою Польща буде відбуватись на тлі серйозних геополітичних змін у реґіоні Центрально-Східної Європи, що, у свою чергу, вимагатиме від обох країн нового аналізу і висунення нових завдань у поглибленні міжнародних відносин.
РИЗИКИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ АУТСОРСИНГУ ДЛЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Кучук Анна
Published: April 2021

Стаття присвячена аналізу та оцінюванню ризиків використання аутсорсингу в діяльності суб’єктів господарювання України для можливості запобігання загроз їхній економічній безпеці. Запропоновано основні наукові підходи до визначення поняття аутсорсингу як економічного феномену та одного з методів оптимізації витрат для підвищення ефективності функціонування підприємства. Встановлено основні фактори, що обумовлюють доцільність прийняття рішення про використання зовнішнього ресурсу. Визначено низку переваг та недоліків аутсорсингу, проаналізовано найбільш характерні ризики у разі застосування підприємством аутсорсингових технологій. Підтверджено необхідність попереднього оцінювання ризиків від використання стратегії аутсорсингу для економічної безпеки суб’єктів господарювання.
СТРУКТУРНА СХЕМА ФОРМУВАННЯ МОДЕЛІ УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСОВИМИ РЕСУРСАМИ
Authors: Макух Тамара
Published: April 2021

Через всесвітню коронавірусну пандемію, відбувається скорочення виробництва, зниження купівельної спроможності населення, зростання безробіття. Підприємства, при достатніх матеріальних, людських, часових та інформаційних ресурсів, переходять на новий рівень управління здійснення господарської діяльності, перебудовуються на менш вразливі форми ведення господарської діяльності, реорганізацію або об’єднання із іншими суб’єктами господарювання. Тому, виникає необхідність у створенні моделі управління, яка б задовольнила забезпечення діяльності необхідним обсягом фінансових ресурсів для здійснення діяльності у такій кризовій ситуації. Запропонована схема формування моделі управління фінансовими ресурсами має враховувати динаміку макроекономічних процесів, тенденції розвитку вітчизняних фінансових ринків, можливості диверсифікації діяльності тощо, для досягнення позитивних результатів.
УМОВИ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ СУДОВО-ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ ЕКСПЕРТИЗИ У СПРАВАХ ПРО ДОВЕДЕННЯ ДО БАНКРУТСТВА
Authors: Міщенко Тетяна
Published: April 2021

Останнім часом в судовій практиці відсутні факти притягнення до відповідальності осіб за умисне доведення до банкрутства. Розслідування таких злочинів передбачає використання судово-економічної експертизи, проте в чинному законодавстві не зазначено умов звернення до експерта-економіста. Вважаємо, що такими умовами можуть бути: необхідність документального та нормативного обґрунтування виявлених ознак доведення до банкрутства; обґрунтування суми матеріальної шкоди, завданої державі чи кредитору, внаслідок дій з доведення до банкрутства. Водночас, для рішення нестандартних експертних завдань щодо обґрунтування ознак доведення до банкрутств необхідним та логічним є дослідження показників ефективності використання грошових потоків, що сприятиме виявленню причинно-наслідкових зв’язків у комплексному дослідженні ознак доведення до банкрутства.
ÇORLU’DA EŞKIYALIK VE DİĞER SUÇ OLAYLARI (1560-1699)
Authors: KUŞU Selma
Published: April 2021

İstanbul’un fethinden sonra tamamen Türk hâkimiyetine giren ve Türk-Osmanlı şehir yapısına uygun bir şekilde gelişme gösteren Çorlu, İstanbul’un et ve hububat iaşesinde önemli bir işleve sahip olmasının yanı sıra bulunduğu lokasyon açısından doğu-batı/batı-doğu yol güzergâhında yer alan bir menzil şehriydi. Çalışmada 1560-1699 yılları arasında Çorlu’da sosyal huzuru bozan asayiş sorunları ele alınacaktır. Araştırmanın ana kaynağı mühimme defterleri olup bu defterdeki veriler ışığında Çorlu’da eşkıyalık, hırsızlık, adam yaralama ve öldürme, ev basma ve zina gibi suçların işlendiği tespit edildi. Bu bağlamda çalışmada suç türleri, suçlu profilleri, suçu sabit olanlar için öngörülen cezai müeyyideler hususunda değerlendirmeler yapıldı. Ayrıca burada kişileri suç işlemeye iten nedenler de sorgulandı. Bu konuda her ne kadar belgeler tatmin edici bilgi içermese de suçun ve suçlunun ortaya çıkışında psikolojik, ekonomik, sosyo-kültürel birtakım nedenlerin olduğu varsayılabilir.
The role of Islamic finance in mitigating the economic impact of COVID-19 towards the attainment of maqasid al shariah: A case study of waqf institutions in Kano State, Nigeria
Authors: Nura Abubakar Gwadabe  , Asmak Ab Rahman
Published: April 2021

The study examines the potential roles of Islamic Finance in the contemporary world in the provision of waqf based economic, social welfare and youth empowerment to surpass the economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic, reduce people’s suffering and protect the human lives which is one of the cardinal objectives of shariah. The paper will attempt to give a framework for waqf to youth empowerment in the entrepreneurship, and human capital development for the socio- economic development of Kano state. This study examines the effect of accessibility to basic healthcare services and economic growth as parts of the objectives of Maqasid al-Shariah, which is protection of life and dignity. The paper adopted a qualitative approach to explore the role of waqf in the empowerment of the youth in order to survive the economic meltdown as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The structured interview questions were designed to explore the potentials of waqf in providing youth empowerment. The result of the study revealed that waqf is a kind of charitable Islamic empowerment which has the capability of providing empowerment to the youth and economic wellbeing to the Kano People through financing the small and medium enterprises. The study concluded that Waqf can be used to overcome economic challenges in this time of COVID-19 and post COVID-19 era towards the attainment of financial stability and realization of Maqasid Shariah.
Peranan pemegang taruh dalam menjaga kebajikan ekonomi rakyat semasa pandemik COVID-19 dari perspektif ekonomi Islam
Authors: Hasbullah Nurul Adilah , Ab Rahman Asmak
Published: April 2021

Dalam usaha membendung penularan COVID-19, kerajaan Malaysia telah menguatkuasakan Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP) kepada semua masyarakat. Memandangkan penguatkuasaan PKP ini mengambil masa hampir enam bulan, maka kajian ini membincangkan kesannya terhadap ekonomi rakyat. Dalam menangani kesan tersebut, pelbagai pihak yang merupakan pemegang taruh di Malaysia seperti kerajaan (termasuk kerajaan negeri), syarikat korporat, Pertubuhan Bukan Kerajaan (NGO), dan individu telah tampil dalam menghulurkan bantuan dan sumbangan yang menjadi fokus perbincangan dalam kajian ini. Kajian ini memilih beberapa institusi dan individu sebagai contoh dalam menonjolkan peranan mereka. Pemilihan ini dibuat kerana terdapat akses yang telus mengenai mereka berdasarkan carian di internet. Kajian ini dapat menyimpulkan bahawa semua pemegang taruh di Malaysia yang terlibat sama-sama berganding bahu dalam menghulurkan bantuan dan sumbangan kepada mereka yang terjejas dalam tempoh PKP akibat penularan COVID-19.
In order to curb the spread of COVID-19, the Malaysian government has enforced the Movement Control Order (MCO) to all people. Since the MCO’s enforcement took nearly six months, this study discusses its impact on the people’s economy. In addressing these effects, various stakeholders in Malaysia such as government (including the state government), corporate companies, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and individuals have come forward in offering assistance and contributions which become the focus of discussions in this study. This study selected several institutions and individuals as an example in highlighting their roles. The selection is made since there is a transparent access about them based on the search on the internet. This study concluded that all stakeholders in Malaysia were involved in providing the assistance and contributions to those who are affected during the MCO period resulted from the spread of COVID-19.
Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinde Öğretmen ile Öğrenci-Veli İletişimi: Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Deneyimleri
Authors: AYDEMİR Arcan
Published: April 2021

Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin öğrenci ve velilerle iletişim kurma deneyimlerine odaklanan çalışma ile uzaktan eğitimde iletişimin önemi, kullanılan araçlar, sorun ve önerilerin ayrıntılı bir şekilde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada fenomenoloji modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırma çalışma grubunu Türkiye’de çeşitli okullarda çalışan 30 sosyal bilgiler öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen verilerin toplanmasında “Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda çalışma grubunda yer alan sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin uzaktan eğitimde amaca ulaşmak, süreci etkin bir şekilde sürdürmek için iletişimin önemli olduğu görüşüne sahip olduklarına, ders ve ödev verme, motive etme gibi gerekçelerle iletişim kurduklarına, hem öğrenci hem de velileriyle iletişim kurarken telefon, mesajlaşma ve arama uygulamaları gibi araçlar kullandıklarına ulaşılmıştır. Buna ek olarak sosyal bilgiler öğretmen öğretmenleri bu süreçte hem öğrenci hem de velilerle bir takım sorunlar yaşadıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Öğrencilerle gerçekleştirilen iletişim sürecinde veli, olanak eksikliği, öğrencinin kendisi ve iletişim sürecindeki eksikliklerden kaynaklı sorunlar yaşanmıştır. Çalışma grubunda yer alan sosyal bilgiler öğretmenlerinin velilerle gerçekleştirdikleri iletişim süreçlerinde ise daha çok velilerin öğrencileri motive etmemesi, iş yoğunluğu gibi veli kaynaklı bir takım sorunlar yaşadıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Son olarak sosyal bilgiler öğretmenleri uzaktan eğitimde iletişimde alt yapı sorunlarının giderilmesi, iletişimin planlı ve düzenli bir şekilde yapılması gerektiği şeklinde önerileri ileri sürmüşlerdir.
Model of stationary gas network
Authors: Грановський E.А. , Смалій В.В.
Published: April 2021

Modern problems of quantitative risk assessment require a development of more sophisticated types of so-called formation models. The formation models give all the information about an accidental leakage due the depressurization needed for quantitative estimation of the dangerous substances accumulating in the environment and further calculation of impact factors on humans, buildings etc. Common type of depressurization is a release of gaseous substances throughout the accidental hole on the surface of apparatus or pipeline. The pipeline connecting two vessels and a hole occurred on the pipeline as well as streams of vapour phase moving inside the pipelines and throughout the hole is a classical example of graph theory transport network problem. Thereby the model of stationary gas network based on equations of subsonic and choked adiabatic flow (for ideal gas) with accounting of mixing processes has been proposed. The solution with applying of graph theory, linear algebra and numerical analysis has been found.The gas net is represented as an oriented graph with nodes as a pressure-points and lines as pipelines. Case of incorrect estimation of flows directions has been studied and the problem of solving algorithm’s self-correction has been arisen. The method of incidence matrix correction during solving process has been developed and applied. The Newton’s method of non-linear equations system solving has been applied and specific method of Jacoby matrix correction has been developed.The behaviour of gas network model has been studied on example of a hydrocarbons’ mixture leakage from an accidental hole on the pipeline connecting two vessels. Results of numerical simulation experiments showed good agreement of model with basic laws of ideal gas adiabatic flow movement and gas network system in general. The directions of flows were in agreement with pressures’ differences on the lines as well as material and energy conservation laws have been observed. Model can be applied in numerical risks analysis for modelling of accidental processes of gaseous substances leaks as well as for the transport problems of chemical technology or educational purposes.