bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The relationship between medications and estimated risk of breast cancer using Gail Model in women living in southeastern Iran
Authors: Ghavami Nilofar , Ansari Hossein , Gharibi Malihe , Tirgarfakheri Kourosh , Yousefzadeh Ali
Published: June 2019

Background and purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women all over the world. The death rate of this cancer is also increasing. It seems that medication is related to this cancer. The present study aimed at estimating the risk of this cancer using Gail Model and its relationship with medication in women.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 260 35-year-old women were selected from healthcare centers in Zahedan. The data were collected using interview and questionnaire. The risk of breast cancer was estimated by Gail Model. The medication conditions were estimated by interviewing the employees in healthcare center. The data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and linear regression.
Results: The average age of women was 49.3±8.3 years old with five-year risk, and the lifetime of breast cancer were 0.37±0.24 and 5.5±0.79 percent, respectively. Self-medication (P=0.043) and medication (p=0.035) had a significant relationship with estimated risk of breast cancer.
Conclusion: The risk of breast cancer in women can be influenced by medication along with socioeconomic and menstrual-reproductive factors and variables, such as ethnicity, body mass index, education, age, marriage age, nursing period, and menstrual age. The final analysis showed that consuming contraceptive pills, painkillers, and anti-inflammatory pills are the most important predictive factors in 5-year risk with cancer based on Gail Model. On the other hand, consuming painkillers and contraceptive pills were found to be the most important predictive factors in lifetime risk with cancer based on Gail Model.
Self-medication practice and associated factors among adults in Gorgan, north of Iran
Authors: Shokrzadeh Mohammad , Hoseinpoor Reza , Jafari Danial , Jalilian Jafar , Shayeste Yaghoub
Published: June 2019

Background and Purpose: Self-medication is an important concern in every part of the world. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and to investigate the associate factors of self-medication among adults in Gorgan, north of Iran. 
Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among adults aged 12 years and above who were residents in Gorgan city. The participants were selected using the multi-stage cluster sampling method. SPSS Software and Pearson's chi-squared test were used for data analysis.
Results: A total of 592 households with 2050 respondents were visited. The prevalence of self-medication was 67.9%. A larger number of females were self-medicating (71.3%) than males (63.5%). The majority of the respondents self-medicated because of the previous use experience (59.3%). The main indication for self-medication use was headache (60.8%).  Analgesics were the most commonly self-medicated by the respondents (83.9%). Also, 88.6% of the respondents prepared their drug from drugstores. Furthermore, there were significant differences between self-medication and demographics characteristics including gender, age group, marital status, occupation, education level and income (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of self-medication especially with analgesics is relatively high among adult city-dwellers in Gorgan. So, preventive measures, such as strengthening of the communities awareness on the side effects of self-medication practice and regulation of pharmacies are very important mechanisms to decrease the practice.
A narrative review of the control of mosquitoes by Larvivorous fish in Iran and the world
Authors: Jafari Ali , Enayati Ahmadali , Jafari Fatemeh , Motevalli Haghi Farzad , Hosseini-Vasoukolaei Nasibeh , Sadeghnezhad Reza , Azarnoosh Mostafa , Fazeli-Dinan Mahmoud
Published: June 2019

Background and purpose: Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of many pathogens such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue fever, and so on. The control of mosquitoes using chemical insecticides is not always a sensible approach, so, alternative biological control methods, especially the use of larvivorous fishes, can play a significant role in controlling of mosquito larvae.
Materials and Methods: In this narrative review study, papers and dissertations were collected without time and language limits from international electronic databases in Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Ovid, Medline and WHO site, and Iranian scientific databases including: Barakatkns, SID, Civilica, Magiran, and Medlib using appropriate keywords from 1937 to 2018. Finally, 55 sources were selected and criticized, interpreted, and analyzed.
Results: In the study, some of larvivorous fishes including Aphanius dispar, Carassius auratus (goldfish), Gambusia affinis, and Poecilia reticulate (guppy) have been investigated as important predators of mosquito larvae. Among these fish, Gambusia, Aphanius dispar, Colisa Lalia, Danio rerio, Goldfish, Guppy and Oreochromis mossambica are present in different regions of Iran.
Conclusion: Given the fact that malaria carriers are present in many regions of Iran and the climate of Iran is also potentially suitable for the transmission of malaria, it is recommended to use larvivorous fishes that are compatible with the environmental conditions of each area.
Victimización por crimen, percepción de seguridad y satisfacción con la vida en Colombia
Authors: Manjarres de Ávila William , Baca Mejía William
Published: June 2019

Este artículo analiza los efectos del crimen y la percepción de seguridad en la satisfacción con la vida. Se estima un probit ordenado cuyos resultados sugieren que la victimización por crimen disminuye en un 1,1% la satisfacción con la vida; y que un incremento en la percepción de seguridad en la ciudad y en los barrios, la aumentan en un 7,3% y un l,7% respectivamente. Las variables relacionadas con aspectos gubernamentales y equipamiento del barrio resultan significativas y con signo positivo. El género no juega un rol importante, y la pobreza subjetiva disminuye en un 3,8% la satisfacción con la vida.
La crisis subprime y sus efectos en la eficiencia del sector bancario chileno
Authors: Candia Campano Claudio , Aguirre González Medardo , Orellana Valenzuela Vanessa , Gaete Morales Michael
Published: June 2019

Este trabajo mide los efectos de la crisis subprime en la producción de eficiencia y la eficiencia técnica de la banca chilena. Se aplica el método de fronteras estocásticas de producción a un panel de datos balanceados de 14 bancos que operaban en territorio chileno entre 2004 y 2015. Los principales resultados indican que durante la crisis la producción de eficiencia y la eficiencia técnica fueron menores que en los periodos anterior y posterior, con mayores diferencias respecto del periodo posterior.
Calidad del empleo en la zona Sur Austral de Chile
Authors: Arcos Ariel , Ferrada Luz Maria
Published: June 2019

Este artículo analiza las condiciones laborales de tres regiones del sur austral de Chile –Los Lagos, Aysén y Magallanes– entre 1990 y 2011, usando indicadores sintéticos que incluyen cuatro dimensiones: ingresos, seguridad social, jornada y contrato laboral. Se encuentra que las condiciones son significativamente diferentes –Magallanes tiene la mejor posición relativa y Los Lagos la menor–, que los indicadores no mejoraron sustancialmente con respecto a 1990, solo en estas dos hubo mejoras significativas al final del periodo.
La literatura oriental como campo de saber y de formación: un viaje estético y filosófico hacia la práctica del maestro
Authors: Pérez Uribe Wilson
Published: June 2019

En el marco de las Prácticas Profesionales de la Facultad de Educación de la Universidad de Antioquia, del pregrado de Licenciatura en Literatura y Lengua Castellana, este texto se propone el reconocimiento y la comprensión de la experiencia formativa que tuvo lugar en el Semillero de Formación de Literatura Oriental –Taller de los cerezos blancos– y en el ciclo de lecturas en voz alta –La hora interior–, ambos parte del proyecto de grado titulado El corazón en la punta del pincel: la literatura oriental desde una perspectiva estética y filosófica como aporte a la formación humanista. Se caracterizan ambos espacios, en tanto adquieren un sentido formativo donde el maestro en formación está en la posibilidad de construir saber pedagógico alrededor de la enseñanza de la literatura. De esta manera, se plantea la reflexión de cómo el maestro, en sus prácticas, interactúa con unos saberes culturales, literarios e históricos. Se espera concluir que la práctica, en los escenarios de los talleres en el semillero de formación y de las lecturas en voz alta, se posibilita como eje de reflexión, de construcción de saber y de indagación sobre otros modos de pensamiento.
Effect of basalt, polypropylene and macro-synthetic fibres on workability and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete
Authors: Çelik Zinnur , Bingöl Ahmet Ferhat
Published: June 2019

In this study, the effects of different fibre types on the workability and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete were investigated. Fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete, different fibre content 0.90, 1.35 and 1.80 kg/m3 were evaluated using basalt, polypropylene and macro synthetic fibres with different fibre lengths of 24, 19 and 40 mm, respectively. The properties of fresh concrete were evaluated in terms of slump flowing, viscosity and flowability. In addition, compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strength were obtained from hardened concrete properties. To characterize mechanical properties 90 specimens were experimentally tested. The results show that the use of fibre reduces the workability of self-compacting concrete. On the other hand, tensile and flexural strength of the self-compacting fibre reinforced concrete increased with increasing fibre content, but it was determined that the fibre addition had no significant effect on the compressive strength.
Structural analysis of reinforced concrete mansard roof structures according to different structural plans
Authors: Şengel Hasan Selim , Kanber İsmail , Çarbaş Serdar
Published: June 2019

In this study, analysis and evaluations were carried in order to determine the optimum conditions of reinforced concrete mansard roof applications. In total 96 mansard and 24 non mansard structure analysis were performed. The constructed models are symmetrical from all directions and it is modeled under the minimum conditions allowed by the regulation. As the column span, the distance between the columns was determined as 4 meters. The span conditions were determined as 3 spans, 4 spans, 5 spans and 6 spans by evaluating the parcel sizes and zoning conditions. Thus, a total of 120 calculation models were created. The base shear force, column moments and the maximum top displacement values were discussed in concordance with these calculations. As a result of the analysis, the graphical values of the mansard buildings were examined along with the non mansard buildings from the 3rd floor to the 8th floor, according to the zoning plan. In this study, graphs of parcels, span values and the number of storeys were drawn by keeping the values constant, and evaluations were made on the same graphs with and non mansard. In addition, by looking at the movements of the graphs obtained from this study on the same series, equations were adapted to the graphs and the series created with these equations were expanded and stochastic parabolic cones were formed at the shear force for 10 storeys, in the column moments. The mean values for the top displacement chart were taken and when the 20-storey displacement value was placed on this curve, it was determined that it appeared at a point very close to the estimating equation curve. Based on the analysis results, it is understood that it is possible to create a set of estimations for different number of storeys and plans.
Dietary Habits and Nutritional Knowledge among Primary School Children in Fayoum Governorate
Authors: El-Kader Rabab Gad Abd , Mekhamier Hanem Awad , Hegazy Azza El-Sayed Ali
Published: June 2019

Background and aim: Improving the eating habits of children is essential to reduce the future burden of non-communicable illnesses. Nutritional diseases affect higher than 30% of school age children. This study aimed to assess the dietary habits and nutritional knowledge among primary school age children in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt.Study design: A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized. Setting: The study was implemented in three governmental mixed primary schools in EL-Fayoum city; Egypt, that were selected randomly. Sample: Cluster random sample techniques used for selecting of the study group consisted of 300 students aged from 10-12 years for both sexes attending grade five and six. Tools: three tools of data collection consisted of: 1- self-administered questionnaire comprised socio-demographic data of the students and parents, and students’ knowledge about nutrition, 2- the students’ dietary habits as consumption of the breakfast, drinking water, 3- Health assessment sheet to assess the students’ nutritional status including weight, height, BMI, and appearance.The study findings revealed that 69.3% of the study group were underweight, 36.3% were stunted, and 6.7%, 3.3% were overweight and obese respectively. About 45% had fair knowledge while 34% had good knowledge about the nutrition. More than half of the students had unhealthy dietary behavior and appearance. There was a statistically significant difference (P: 0<0.00) between the academic performance of the school children and their HAZ while there was no statistically significant difference between the academic performance of the students and their WAZ (P: 0.264).Conclusions: underweight is highly prevalent among the primary school students followed by stunting. Most of the students had unhealthy dietary habits and unhealthy appearance while around half of them had fair knowledge about nutrition. The current study recommended developing a nutritional health program for primary school children about the proper nutrition.
NGO dalam Diplomasi Ekonomi: Implementasi Program Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s) Poin Pengentasan Ketimpangan Sosial di Indonesia
Authors: Ismail Achmad
Published: June 2019

Abstrak

Perubahan konstelasi global memberikan dampak nyata dari segi aktor diplomasi ekonomi. Jikalau dahulu hanya negara dan MNC yang saling berinteraksi, kini dunia internasional memasukan NGO dan IGO kedalam interaksi diplomasi ekonomi saat ini dengan perannya masing-masing. INFID sebagai NGO berperan penting terhadap aktor diplomasi ekonomi lainnya. Lebih lanjut, dalam diplomasi ekonomi transnasional memiliki spesialisasi dengan memasukan isu transnasional, aktor NGO dan IGO di dalamnya. Artikel ini lebih spesifik menelaah implementasi SDGs di Indonesia –isu pengentasan ketimpangan sosial sebagai isu transnasional menunjukkan tren meningkat di dunia, khususnya di Indonesia. Artikel ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus maupun studi pustaka. Di lain sisi, artikel ini pula berargumen bahwa INFID memiliki peran penting dalam diplomasi ekonomi transnasional Indonesia dengan cara memberikan peran aktif dengan berbagai cara dalam proses pengambilan kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia maupun pada pertemuan PBB terkait implementasi SDGs poin pengentasan ketimpangan sosial. Pada kesimpulannya, isu pengentasan ketimpangan sosial menjadi isu transnasional yang semakin penting. Merespon isu tersebut, INFID sebagai NGO memiliki peran penting terhadap pengambilan kebijakan pemerintah Indonesia sebagai bagian diplomasi ekonomi transnasionalnya. 

Kata kunci: NGO, pengurangan ketimpangan sosial, SDGs, diplomasi ekonomi transnasional

 

Abstract

Changes in the global constellation have a real impact in terms of economic diplomacy actors. If in the past only the state and MNC interacted with each other, now the international world has included NGOs and IGOs ​​into the interaction of current economic diplomacy with their respective roles. INFID as an NGO plays an important role in other economic diplomacy actors. Furthermore, in transnational economic diplomacy has a specialization by including transnational issues, NGO and IGO actors ​​in it.  This article is more specific examine the implementation of SDGs in Indonesia - the issue of alleviating social inequality as a transnational issue shows an increasing trend in the world, especially in Indonesia. This article uses qualitative research methods with case study approach and literature studies. On the other hand, this article also argued that INFID has an important role in the Indonesia's transnational economic diplomacy by playing an active role in various ways in the Indonesian government's policy-making process as well as at UN meetings related to the implementation of the SDGs to reduce social inequality. In conclusion, the issue of alleviating social inequality has become an increasingly important transnational issue. Responding to the issue, INFID as an NGO has important role in the Indonesian government's policy making as part of its transnational economic diplomacy.

Keywords: NGOs, social inequality alleviation, SDGs, transnational economic diplomacy
The Effect of Quarter Turn from Prone on Oxygen Saturation among Premature Babies with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Lestari Puji , Susmarini Dian , Awaludin Sidik
Published: June 2019

The rate of death and illnesses on premature babies is mostly respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Desaturated-period frequently occurs on premature babies with RDS. One intervention to prevent it is a quarter turn from prone position. The research design was pre-experimental study with one group pre- and post-test design. This study involved 20 respondents that were selected with consecutive sampling technique. The setting of the research was in Perinatology ward at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo. The oxygen saturation was examined before and after 2 hours of intervention. Data was then analyzed with Wilcoxon test. The results showed that median value of SpO2 before quarter turn from prone position was 94%, and its value after two hours of intervention was 96.5%. It was found that there was a significant effect in giving quarter turn from prone position to oxygen saturation on premature babies with RDS. Quarter turn from prone position was able to increase oxygen saturation on premature babies with RDS and is possible to be implemented in perinatology room.
Aerobic Exercise Decrease Cholesterol Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Triwibowo Cecep , Nurjannah Evi , Fitriyana Ikha , Fauziyah Yulia
Published: June 2019

ElevatedÂ  cholesterolÂ  level is one ofÂ  the risksÂ  for cardiovascular diseaseÂ  in diabetes mellitus. Exercise is one of therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of exercise on decrease cholesterol levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study used pre-post test one group design. Twenty-two patients with diabetes mellitus followed the intervention which is a twice a week exercise for 4 weeks. Cholesterol levels were measured before and after exercise. Data were analyzed byÂ  dependent T-test. CholesterolÂ  levels in patients with Â diabetesÂ  mellitus beforeÂ  the exercise reached 261.18Â±49.013 mg/dL and after intervention decreased to 224.41Â±26 mg/dL. Dependent t-test showed differences in cholesterol levels before and after exercise in patients with diabetes mellitus (p<0.05). Exercise can lower cholesterol levels in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Women Trafficking: Young Womenâ€™s Perspectives in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Widiasih Restuning , Ermiati Ermiati , Emaliyawati Etika , Sutini Titin , Setyawati Anita , Rahayu Urip
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT
West Java province is the most contributors of women trafficking cases in Indonesia. Women trafficking threaten women in all age group, including young women. However, little is known young womenâ€™s perspectives of women trafficking especially in West Java region. The aim of this study was to determine young womenâ€™s perspectives of the impact of trafficking, and their actions to prevent it. This was a descriptive quantitative study. This study involved 361 young women ages 15-17 who chosen using the stratified random sampling technique. Respondents filled up questionnaire. Data were analysed using distribution of frequency. The study revealed that 65% of young women perceived that trafficking had negative impact to their health, and 71 % of them were also of the view that individual prevention was necessary. However, only 30 % of them perceived the importance of social support actions to prevent women trafficking. This study conclude that young women had different perceptions about impact of trafficking and actions to prevent it.Â  There is a need of effective strategies to improve social support for preventing womenâ€™s trafficking. Enhancing womenâ€™s awareness, perceptions, and knowledge of human trafficking especially in West Java is also necessary.
ANALISIS KETIDAKAMANAN STREET FOOD DI SEPANJANG JALAN SILIWANGI
Authors: Hidayati Lilik , Lina Nur
Published: June 2019

Street foods is one of common food for undergraduate students. There are many contaminat wich can contamined street foods, such as biological, phisical, and chemical contaminant. Many health problem can be caused by contaminated food. The purpose of this reseach is to indentify chemical contaminat in street foods that is sold in front of Siliwangi University, Siliwangi street. This research is using survey method with 37 sample of street foods that are taken from 18 food�s seller. Chemical contaminant was indetify using food contaminat detection kit. Individual factor such as education, age, and income and also who is the producer of streets were also measured in this study. Univariat analysis use the frequency distribution table, graph, and statistical calculation values. The result of this research are most of the responden�s education are yunior high school and senior high school. Average of respondens are 35 years old, and daily income are Rp 314.000,00. Most of the street foods is produced by the own seller. Chemical contaminat detection showed borax and Rhodamin B aren�t detected. But formalin is found in two street foods. The recomendation are continue monitoring and ecducating food street�s seller abaout the impact of using chemical food additives.
EVALUASI TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KADER KESEHATAN DALAM MELAKUKAN KEGIATAN PENJANGKAUAN
Authors: Ulfah Nur , Budiaji Budiaji , Harwanti Siti
Published: June 2019

Work accident on palm tappers can occur due to a dangerous state (unsafe codition) and unsafe acts (unsafe action). Efforts to prevent unsafe behaviors necessary to reduce the risk of such accidents with human approach, that of health cadres. The role of health cadres in this regard is to provide information to the safety behavior palm tappers. Meanwhile, cadres ability can be improved through a mentoring program.This research is a Quasi Experiment without comparison. The sample in this study is a health worker in the village Pageraji, Langgongsari, and RancamayaCilongok District of Banyumas regency as many as 30 people. The research instrument was a questionnaire and checklist. Data analysis to look at differences in pretest and posttest using the Wilcoxon test.Results of statistical analysis Wilcoxon test showed an increase of knowledge, attitudes and skills significantly after assistance, with the results of the knowledge value of p = 0.04 <a (0.05), the results of the analysis of the attitude of the value of p = 0.00 <a (0, 05), the results of the analysis of skills p = 0.00 <a (0.05).There is an increased knowledge, attitudes and skills significantly after mentoring.
Authors: Ekawati Ekawati , Wahyuni Ida
Published: June 2019

Compliance of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Use for Midwives in Semarang Ida Wahyuni dan EkawatiOccupational Safety and Health Department, Faculty of Public Health Diponegoro UniversityCorresponding author: ekawatifkmundip@gmail.com

ABSTRACTMidwives as well as workers face the risk of occupational diseases. This risk increases because the midwife exposed to body fluids of pregnant / maternal women such as blood and amniotic fluid. Personal protective equipment is necessary to minimize the risk. The purpose of this study was to describe the compliance of personal protective equipment use on midwife. This was descriptive research with cross-sectional approach. Respondents were all midwives in the primary health care, there were 73 peoples. Data were obtained based on questionnaires. The results showed that 100% of midwives washed hands and put on gloves when handling patients. There were 87.8% of midwifves wear masks; 35.1% wear glasses and only 6.8% wear a hat. Midwives need to improve compliance with the use of personal protective equipment for masks, goggles and hats.Keywords: compliance of personal protective equipment, midwife
 Hox Temporal Collinearity: Misleading Fallacy or Essential Developmental Mechanism?
Authors: Durston A.J.
Published: June 2019

Kondo and collaborators recently reported the absence of Hox temporal collinearity in Xenopus tropicalis. They found none in the initiation of accumulation of  Hox transcripts (detected via RNA seq). And none in the initial expression sequence of primary unprorocessed transcripts (Identified by using qRT-PCR against introns or intron-exon boundaries).  Nor in the initial acquisition by Hox gene DNA of a mark for active chromatin.  These findings are in conflict with the idea that temporal collinearity has to do with the initiation of Hox gene transcription or with the opening of and a progression from repressed to active states in Hox chromatin.  But collinear acquisition of the same active chromatin mark has been shown by others in murine 5’ Hoxd cluster genes.The reason for this difference is unknown . This careful study thus indicated that the initiation phase of Hox expression shows no temporal collinearity in X. tropicalis. A previous study in X. laevis from the same group also showed   that the sequence of times for reaching (normalised) half maximal Hox expression showed no temporal collinearity. These conclusions are likely to be correct. These authors do however also conclude that “experimental evidence for the temporal collinearity hypothesis is not strong” There is however strong evidence that Hox temporal collinearity does occur in early vertebrate embryos.   Below. I present and discuss 3 lines of evidence to resolve the present conflict   I argue that Hox temporal collinearity actually does exist and that it is part of a central mechanism in early development.
As agências reguladoras no direito brasileiro: origem, natureza e função
Authors: Perez Marcos Augusto
Published: June 2019

1. A origem histórica das agências reguladoras. 2. As agências reguladoras como instituições típicas do welfare state. 3. O papel das agências reguladoras no contexto da reforma da Administração Pública. 4. As agências reguladoras no Direito positivo brasileiro. 5. Conclusão.
Una aproximación al “riesgo de corrupción” en los contratos públicos
Authors: Gallo Aponte William Iván
Published: June 2019

El riesgo de corrupción se ha entendido de manera similar e imprecisa como la corrupción misma. Razón por la cual, se genera un espacio de incertidumbre entre las partes del contrato a la hora de articular una debida gestión del riesgo. La falta de concreción y especificación tanto en la previsibilidad como en su configuración, particularmente, en cuanto, a la tipificación, valoración y distribución. Son circunstancias que deben atender a la singularidad del contrato sin dejar de lado los principios generales del Derecho y el régimen de las obligaciones.
Proibição do retrocesso em direitos sociais: uma proposta de redefinição de sua estrutura normativa
Authors: Menezes Breyner Frederico
Published: June 2019

A adoção de reformas legislativas e constitucionais que visam reduzir os gastos relativos à garantia dos direitos sociais é comum em tempos de crise financeira e queda da atividade econômica. Trata-se das chamadas medidas retrocessivas, cuja implementação sofre resistência por meio da norma que se convencionou chamar de “princípio” da proibição de retrocesso. O artigo aponta a atualidade do tema, pois referido princípio tem servido de fundamento para decisões judiciais que invalidam medidas retrocessivas, e debate os fundamentos da construção da proibição do retrocesso, propondo uma nova categorização como metanorma baseada no Pacto Internacional sobre Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais, distinta das regras e princípios, com o que pretende contribuir com uma maior clareza em sua operacionalidade e força normativa na interpretação e aplicação das normas de direitos fundamentais sociais.
Natureza jurídica da “Contribuição” sobre iluminação pública
Authors: Folloni André Parmo
Published: June 2019

O autor analisa a contribuição sobre iluminação pública, nova espécie de tributo instituído pela Emenda Constitucional nº 39, apresentando sua natureza jurídica.
Fundamentos da irresponsabilidade estatal por atos judiciais - críticas e refutações
Authors: Prado Safira Orçatto M. do
Published: June 2019

A responsabilidade do Estado por atos judiciais é tema que ainda suscita diversas discussões, tendo em vista que o próprio Supremo Tribunal Federal ainda não adotou o entendimento a favor da responsabilidade estatal. No atual momento de renovação pelo qual passa a mais alta corte do país é de se esperar que referido entendimento seja revisto, passando de conservador para, no mínimo, condizente com a realidade dos cidadãos brasileiros
Gestão pública compartida: construtos epistemológicos
Authors: Leal Rogério Gesta
Published: June 2019

O autor pretende demarcar, em linhas gerais, que faces possuem as relações sociais no âmbito do novo texto constitucional no país, e de que forma pode ser pensado o convívio de tais relações com o Estado, também redesenhado por este texto.
Serviço público: um Instrumento de concretização de direitos fundamentais
Authors: Finger Ana Cláudia
Published: June 2019

A pesquisa aqui desenvolvida assenta-se na premissa de que os direitos funda mentais sociais não são direitos contra o Estado, mas sim direitos por meio do Estado. Isto significa que são direitos a prestações materiais positivas que o Estado, por meio das leis, dos atos administrativos e também da implementação dos serviços públicos está adstrito a realizar, a fim de concretizar o gozo efetivo dos direitos constitucionalmente protegidos.
O controle social dos serviços públicos no Brasil como condição de sua possibilidade
Authors: Leal Rogério
Published: June 2019

O presente ensaio pretende abordar o tema dos serviços públicos no Brasil e como se tem tratado a questão do seu controle social. Para tanto, pretendemos desenvolver nossa reflexão a partir dos seguintes tópicos: (1) aidentificação conceitual de serviço público no Brasil; (2) os marcos normativosdestes serviços; (3) o regime jurídico dos contratos administrativos da concessão e as possibilidades de sua interpretação; (4) o controle social dos serviços públicos como condição de sua possibilidade.
Direito da regulação e ideologia
Authors: Motta Paulo Roberto Ferreira
Published: June 2019

O artigo busca verificar se a semântica utilizada pelo legislador em alguns diplomas legais que disciplinam serviços públicos guardam, ou não, correspondência, no mundo jurídico do ser e do dever ser, com o regime jurídico de Direito Público e regime jurídico de Direito Privado, e se tal é permitido pela Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil.
Responsabilidade na gestão fiscal: reflexões pontuais da lei complementar nº 101/2000 no contexto dos Estados-Membros
Authors: Broliani Jozélia Nogueira
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução - 2 A Lei de Responsabilidade na gestão fiscal - 2.1 Considerações gerais - 2.2 As normas da Constituição Federal e a responsabilidade na gestão fiscal - 3 A Lei Complementar nº 101/2000 - 3.1 Análise geral da Lei - 3.2 Planejamento - 3.3 Transparência - 3.4 Receitas - 3.5 Renúncia de receita - 3.6 Despesas públicas - 3.7 Despesas de pessoal - 4 Conclusão - Referências
Controle da Administração Pública no Brasil: anotações críticas
Authors: Leal Rogéri Gesta
Published: June 2019

I Notas introdutórias - II Perspectivas de controle externo da Administração Pública brasileira - III O controle jurisdicional da cidadania e do Estado legislador - IV O controle jurisdicional da Administração Pública e o problema da discricionariedade - V Considerações finais - Bibliografia
Os desafios da Administração Pública em face do parcelamento do solo urbano: perspectivas jurídicas e políticas
Authors: Leal Rogério Gesta
Published: June 2019

1 Considerações preliminares - 2 O tratamento legal do instituto jurídico do parcelamento do solo no Brasil: aspectos históricos - 3 Loteamento e desmembramento: características e particularidades - 4 O parcelamento dosolo urbano e a competência municipal - 5 A regularização do parcelamentodo solo urbano e as responsabilidades da Administração Pública - 6 O ressarcimento das despesas feitas pelo erário público à regularização doparcelamento clandestino - 7 As alterações da Lei nº 9.785, de 29.01.1999- Bibliografia
Repartição objetiva de riscos: desafio de modelagem nas PPP's
Authors: Valle Vanice Lírio do
Published: June 2019

1 O tema do risco posto hoje como condicionante ao deslanchar das parcerias público-privadas – 2 Identificação dos riscos compartilhados: diretriz das parcerias, sob o signo da objetividade – 3 Identificação dos riscos compartilhados, repartição objetiva e pré-definição de regime jurídico incidente sobre cada hipótese – 4 O enforcement da pré-determinação doregime jurídico do risco: um círculo virtuoso em favor da diminuição do próprio risco financeiro e político – 5 Considerações finais – Bibliografia
Sanção administrativa e o princípio da culpabilidade
Authors: Mello Rafael Munhoz de
Published: June 2019

Introdução – 1 Sanção administrativa – 1.1 Conceito – 1.2 Sanção administrativa retributiva e sanção administrativa ressarcitória – 2 O princípio da proporcionalidade e o direito administrativo sancionador – 2.1 Estado de Direito e proporcionalidade – 2.2 Proporcionalidade em sentido estrito esanção administrativa – 2.3 Vedação às sanções permanentes – 3 O princípioda culpabilidade – 3.1 Proporcionalidade e culpabilidade: exigência de dolo ou culpa – 3.2 Insuficiência da mera voluntariedade – 3.3 Pessoalidade e intransmissibilidade da sanção administrativa – 3.4 O erro no direito administrativo sancionador. O erro de tipo – 3.5 O erro de proibição – Conclusão – Referências bibliográficas
A lei de improbidade administrativa e o princípio da proporcionalidade
Authors: Pedra Anderson Sant’Ana
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução – 2 Considerações iniciais – 3 Natureza constitucional da improbidade administrativa – 4 Os sujeitos passivo e ativo na LIA – 5 Dos atos de improbidade administrativa – 6 Dos atos de improbidade administrativa que atentam contra os princípios da administração pública– 6.1 Princípio da proporcionalidade – 7 Da utilização sensata da LIA – 8Considerações finais
O Conselho Nacional de Justiça e a administração do Poder Judiciário
Authors: Lenz Carlos Eduardo Thompson Flores
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução - 2 A função disciplinar e os órgãos do Poder Judiciário - 3 A criação do Conselho Nacional de Justiça – Antecedentes históricos - 4 Órgãos congêneres do Direito comparado - 5 Considerações finais
Parcerias Público-Privadas (PPPs) e desafios regulatórios
Authors: Freitas Juarez
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução - 2 PPPs: o modelo brasileiro - 2.1 Da natureza contratual - 2.2 Dos riscos partilháveis - 2.3 Da austeridade fiscal - 2.4 Das garantias especiais ou da “blindagem” - 2.5 Da contraprestação adicional à tarifa - 2.6 Da indelegabilidade - 2.7 Do longo prazo - 2.8 Da vinculação a valor - 2.9 Da avaliação de performance e da remuneração variável - 2.10 Da administração pública como usuária - 2.11 Da concorrência e da figura híbrida - 2.12 Do órgão gestor - 2.13 Da sociedade de propósito específico - 2.14 Da pretensa atualização automática - 2.15 Das competências - 2.16 Da consulta pública ou da preferível audiência pública - 2.17 Do projeto básico - 2.18 Do dever de motivação clara e congruente - 2.19 Da segurança para os financiadores - 2.20 Da resolução de conflitos - 2.21 Do objeto - 2.22 Das normas gerais - 2.23 Dos critérios de julgamento - 2.24 Do índice de desenvolvimento humano - 3 PPP e regulação: mudanças necessárias no ambiente dos negócios públicos - 4 Conclusões
Emenda Constitucional nº 51/06, processo seletivo público e novos regimes de vinculação de pessoal ao poder público: uma boa idéia para quem?
Authors: Valle Vanice Lírio do
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução - 2 Hipermodernidade, seus desafios ao direito público e o anacronismo da EC nº 51/06: uma crítica de princípio - 3 Breve percurso histórico da tramitação legislativa da proposição - 4 Da natureza do vínculo jurídico proposto estabelecer entre as categorias contempladas e o poder público - 5 O significado possível para a locução “processo seletivo público” - 6 Um exercício de síntese de conclusões preliminares - Referências
Participação popular no processo legislativo
Authors: Pedra Adriano Sant’Ana
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução - 2 Plebiscito - 3 Referendo - 4 Iniciativa popular - 5 Veto popular - 6 Considerações finais - Referências
Limites à imposição de sanções administrativas – Multas pecuniárias tributárias
Authors: Pereira Frederico Valdez
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução - 2 Sanções penais e sanções administrativas - 3 Novos paradigmas do Direito Administrativo - 4 A incidência dos princípios do não--confisco e da proporcionalidade sobre as multas tributárias pecuniárias - 4.aPrincípio do não-confisco - 4.b Princípio da proporcionalidade - Conclusão- Referências
Notas sobre publicidade e transparência na Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal no Brasil
Authors: Motta Fabrício
Published: June 2019

Introdução - 1 Os princípios da publicidade e transparência administrativas- 2 O princípio da transparência fiscal - 3 Publicidade e transparência na Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal - 3.1 Publicidade e o Relatório de Gestão Fiscal - 4 Notas finais - Referências
Novas perspectivas para o Direito Administrativo - a função administrativa dialogando com a juridicidade e os direitos fundamentais sociais
Authors: Casimiro Lígia Maria Mello de
Published: June 2019

1 Introdução - 2 Direitos fundamentais e democracia no Estado de Direito - 3 O Direito Administrativo à luz da Constituição Federal - 4 A função administrativa, o respeito pela juridicidade e a busca em realizar o princípioda dignidade da pessoa humana - 4.1 Juridicidade administrativa - 4.2 Adignidade da pessoa humana - 5 Conclusão - Referências
Preface
Authors: McDuff Nona
Published: June 2019

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Improving the attainment gap of Direct Entry Chinese students – lessons learnt and recommendations.
Authors: Warren Liz , Reilly Dawm , Sun Wenxian , Vellam Iwona
Published: June 2019

The expansion of Chinese articulations, which offer Chinese students the opportunity to study in the United Kingdom (UK), by entering directly into the final year of an undergraduate study programme, has provided a financially attractive market. However, it has also raised concerns that these students do not have the same student experience as other students and so may find it more difficult to attain a good degree classification. The culture shock, in terms of day to day life and pedagogical approaches in the UK and China creates additional barriers unique to these students. Therefore this case study outlines experiences from two departments within a post-1992 Business School that has been recruiting students via articulations for thirteen years. The case study highlights the journey towards adopting new approaches to teaching these students, thereby reducing the attainment gap. Therefore, it offers an insight into which initiatives have proven successful, ineffective, and future plans to further reduce the attainment gap. The purpose of this case study is to share our experience of creating conditions that support student success.
Creating conditions for student success on a two-year accelerated degree
Authors: Gibson Poppy Frances , Perera Sharon , Morgan Robert , Kerr Bonnie
Published: June 2019

Two-year degrees are intensive degree programmes that offer increased flexibility in Higher Education (HE) and are becoming a more appealing option for many students seeking HE study (Baty, 2017; Cabral and Lambirth, 2017), but with lower entry requirements, are students coming onto a degree unequipped and unprepared for the challenges that accelerated study presents?This opinion piece focuses on the two-year BA in Primary Education and details a collaborative pilot project offered by the Faculty of Education and Health and Information and Library Services. The course uses an innovative framework that embeds academic skills in the taught programme to help students better manage the challenges that the accelerated degree brings. Academic and information literacy skills are integrated in the subject curriculum to support students with their studies but also to enhance their abilities and build lasting confidence through employability and citizenship skills.This paper will essentially outline four potential strategies to be considered for employment on other cross-faculty accelerated programmes.
Freedom to Achieve: addressing the attainment gap through student and staff co-creation
Authors: Ansley Lucy Jane Charlotte , Hall Richard
Published: June 2019

Understanding and enhancing the experience of individuals and communities who have experienced marginalising structures and cultures have become an important area of research across higher education. This work forms an attempt to address injustice through a critical focus on inclusion and ideas of diversity. However, it also enables a reappraisal of ideas of student-staff partnership and co-creation, and student-as-producer. Building upon Kingston University’s value-added metric and Inclusive Curriculum Framework, De Montfort University has developed its own approach to engaging with differential attainment gaps, in part by embedding co-creation at the heart of its ‘Freedom to Achieve’ project. Co-creation enhances the University’s understanding of the experiences of Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic (BAME) students and supports all students to become agents for change. Between January and April 2018, as a pilot for later project-wide implementation, the Freedom to Achieve team facilitated a series of co-creation events at both institution and programme level. This paper presents an evaluation of the co-creation approach alongside initial findings from the events and explains how these will inform the continuing development of the Freedom the Achieve project.
EL LOOK-ALIKE COMO NUEVO FRENTE EN LA INFRACCIÓN DE MARCAS
Authors: Bonmatí Sánchez Jose
Published: June 2019

El look-alike es una práctica cada vez más habitual en el mercado, que implica imitar las formas de comercialización del producto de un tercero, sin vulnerar los elementos denominativo y gráfico de la marca. Tras el cuestionable precedente recogido por el Tribunal Supremo en 2015, la Audiencia Provincial de Alicante, como Tribunal de Marca de la Unión Europea, ha dejado la puerta abierta a fortalecer la protección de las marcas frente a este tipo de prácticas.
EL DERECHO DE SEPARACIÓN POR FALTA DE DISTRIBUCIÓN DE DIVIDENDOS EN EL SENO DE LOS GRUPOS DE SOCIEDADES
Authors: Brenes Cortés Josefa
Published: June 2019

El apartado cuarto del artículo 348 bis de la Ley de Sociedades de Capital, incorporado por la Ley 11/2018, de 28 de diciembre reconoce un derecho de separación alternativo (cumulativo al del derecho de separación en cuentas individuales) en base a los resultados consolidados del grupo. La finalidad de la norma es la de garantizar a los socios de la sociedad dominante su propio derecho de separación en caso de insuficientes dividendos, lo que constituye una auténtica  novedad respecto a la redacción anterior del precepto.
Perceived incentives and willingness of university medical students toward working in rural primary healthcare
Authors: Zou Kun , Chen Dandi
Published: June 2019

Background

Primary healthcare (PHC) is vital for providing more equitable, accessible and affordable healthcare to the population. However, there is a general lacking and disparity of distribution of PHC workforce, especially for rural areas in China as it is very hard to attract and retain high quality medical students to rural PHC. This study was to investigate the willingness of university medical students toward working in rural PHC and their perceived incentives and compare that between medical programmes.

Methods

An online questionnaire survey was conducted in a leading medical university of Western China in 2017. All second-year Preventive Medicine (MBP, 5 years programme) and third-year Doctorate of Medicine (MD, 8 years programme) students participated. The willingness and perceived incentives toward working in rural PHC were analysed and compared between students of the two programmes.

Results

A total of 201 students, including 115 MBP and 86 MD students, participated in the study. The overall willingness rate toward working in rural PHC was 16%. More MBP (23%) than MD students (7%) expressed willingness without mention of incentives (p<0.05). The most preferred incentives were adequate remuneration (62%), non-inferior working and living conditions to urban area (58%), limited service years (56%) and privilege to postgraduate education and promotion (55%), though 13% expressed willingness under no circumstances. More MBP than MD students preferred to postgraduate education and promotion (65% vs. 43%, p<0.05) and limited service years (63% vs. 56%, p<0.05), but similar in other incentives (p>0.05). The willingness rate increased from 2%~5%, 9%~14%, 27%~25%, to 81% with single-, two-, three-, four- incentives as mentioned above, and similar between students of the two programmes.

Conclusions

The willingness of university medical students to work in rural PHC was low. However, more MBP students show willingness than MD students. Multiple incentives including adequate remuneration, opportunities of postgraduate education and promotion, proper working and living conditions and limited service years may be much more effective than any single incentive to attract university medical students especially MBP students to rural PHC service. Further investigation of appropriate incentives in details and interventional studies are warranted to inform relevant policy making.
Characteristics and mechanism of a novel chitinase mutant from Trichoderma harzianum with enhanced activity
Authors: Chai Xinfeng , Li Jiahuang , Liu Jiayin , Chen Xiuling , Li Wei , Cheng Mozhen , Hu Yunlong , Zheng Wei , Wang Aoxue
Published: June 2019

Background: Chitinase from Trichoderma harzianum could inhibit various chitin-containing pathogens. In this study, a mutant of Chit42 (Chit42m) with high enzyme activity was established by error-prone PCR method.
Results: The Chit42m with three amino acids substitutions (D100G/I166V/A382P) was obtained from 1230 colonies. The activity of the Chit42m was enhanced by 1.26 times and affinity increased by 3.2 folds. The Chit42m showed the optimum temperature was 50 °C and pH 7.5.
Conclusion: Structural model and molecular docking analysis suggested that A382P may affect the catalytic activity of enzymes by affecting the conformation of key residues D169 and E171 related to catalysis, while I166V probably affects the affinity of chitin and enzymes by influencing the conformation of important substrate binding residues R52 and Y293. D100G had little effect on the changes of enzyme activity. This would put insight into the study of the site-specific mutations and provide promising gene material for the directed evolution chitinase.