bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internet Retailing and Pricing Decisions: An Examination in the Italian Gambling Market
Authors: Calvosa Paolo
Published: March 2022

The rapid growth of e-commerce over the last few years has sparked a stream of research that analyzed the impact of Internet retailing on market prices. It has been theorized that the low entry and transaction costs associated with electronic commerce should lead to a reduction in prices, especially for homogeneous products. Some scholars have verified, through empirical research, whether the prices of specific products and services sold through the electronic distribution channel are, as hypothesized, lower than those practiced in brick and mortar stores. The results of this research, even if they mostly confirm the greater price efficiency of e-commerce compared to the physical sales network, are however not univocal. This paper intends to offer an original contribution in this field of study, examining a particular industry that in recent years has been affected by an exponential increase in online sales, that of gambling. The aim of this work is to analyze whether in the Italian sports betting market, in line with theoretical hypotheses, online prices are lower than offline prices and whether the development of Internet sales has been accompanied by greater market efficiency and, therefore, a generalized reduction in prices. From a methodological point of view, the study was developed by collecting and processing the official market data of the regulated sports betting sector in Italy provided by the Agency of Customs and Monopoly, for the years ranging from 2011 to 2019, thus carrying out a longitudinal analysis on price levels and related changes over time. The results of the analysis have shown that in the period analyzed in the Italian regulated sports betting market the average prices paid for the betting products offered by the gambling websites remained lower, in a range going from 38 to 48 percent, as compared to those practiced by betting shops. It also emerged that there was a general reduction in the average price levels of betting products equal to almost 50 percent. These results have interesting managerial implications for gambling operators and provide some indications for state institutions that are responsible for gambling policy and legislative changes.
PEMANFAATAN MATERIAL SUNGAI ANESE KECAMATAN ANDOOLO BARAT KABUPATEN KONAWE SELATAN SEBAGAI BAHAN CAMPURAN BETON STRUKTURAL
Authors: Mustika Wayan , Fitriah Fitriah , Sulha Sulha , Talanipa Romy
Published: March 2022

ABSTRAKKabupaten Konawe Selatan sebagai salah satu kabupaten yang terletak di Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara merupakan wilayah kabupaten yang memiliki beberapa sumber material yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan konstruksi bangunan khususnya sebagai material campuran beton seperti kerikil dan pasir. Diantara sumber material tersebut adalah pasir dan kerikil sungai Anese yang terletak di Desa Anese Kecamatan Andoolo Barat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat mengetahui karakteristik material kerikil dan pasir yang berasal dari Sungai tersebut untuk campuran beton struktural, selain itu penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk dapat memperoleh komposisi campuran yang tepat dan kelayakannya  terhadap material kerikil dan pasir yang berasal dari Sungai Anese Kecamatan Andoolo Barat Kabupaten Konawe Selatan untuk digunakan sebagai bahan campuran beton struktural. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum, material kerikil dan pasir tersebut memenuhi persyaratan untuk digunakan sebagai material pada campuran beton, Komposisi campuran material yang tepat untuk menghasilkan beton struktural dengan mutu di atas K.225 adalah dengan perbandingan volume antara semen : pasir : kerikil adalah 1 : 0,96 : 2,0. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa material asal Sungai Anese Kecamatan Andoolo Barat Kabupaten Konawe Selatan dapat dan layak untuk digunakan sebagai bahan campuran beton struktural. Kata Kunci : kerikil, pasir, beton struktural , komposisi campuranABSTRACTKonawe Selatan Regency as one of the regencies located in Southeast Sulawesi Province is a regency area that has several sources of material that can be used as construction material, especially as a mixture of concrete materials such as gravel and sand. Among the material sources are the sand and gravel of the Anese river located in Anese Village, Andoolo Barat District. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of gravel and sand material from the river for structural concrete mixtures, besides this study also aimed to be able to obtain the right mixture composition and its feasibility of gravel and sand material originating from Anese River Andoolo District West Konawe Selatan Regency to be used as structural concrete mix material. The results showed that in general, the gravel and sand material met the requirements to be used as the material in concrete mixtures. The composition of the material mixture was appropriate to produce structural concrete with a quality above K.225 is by volume ratio between cement: sand: gravel is 1 : 0.96: 2.0. It can be concluded that material from Anese River, Andoolo Barat District, South Konawe District can and is suitable for use as a structural concrete mixture. Keywords : gravel, sand, structural concrete, mixed composition
Strategi Pemasaran Digital Marketing untuk meningkatkan jumlah Penjualan Paket Wisata Lombok
Authors: Siti Rizky Amanda
Published: March 2022

Latar Belakang:

Keberhasilan pariwisata sebagai industri unggulan di Indonesia, ditambah dengan keindahan alam, kekayaan adat dan budaya, serta dukungan moral masyarakat Indonesia yang selalu memberikan kenyamanan kepada wisatawan yang berkunjung ke Indonesia, memungkinkan untuk mengembangkan Indonesia menjadi negara tujuan wisata kelas dunia.

Metode:

Penulisan penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu Observasi, Wawancara, dan Dokumentasi. Data yang diperoleh kemudian di analisis menggunakan analisis reduksi data, kemudian penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi pemasaran Digital Marketing yang dilakukan oleh Tiara Sentosa Tours & Travels untuk meningkatkan jumlah penjualan paket wisata Lombok Tour 03 Hari 02 Malam di Tiara Sentosa Tours & Travels

Findings:

Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan yang telah di jelaskan melalui analisis reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan tentang strategi Digital Marketing yang digunakan oleh Tiara Sentosa Tours & Travels dalam memasarkan paket wisata Lombok Tour 03 Hari 02 Malam adalah website dan media sosial.

Conclusion:

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah diselesaikan dan pembahasan mengenai strategi pemasaran digital marketing untuk meningkatkan jumlah penjualan paket wisata lombok tour 03 Hari 02 Malam di Tiara Sentosa Tours & Travels dan dengan menyertakan teori bauran pemasaran 4P, maka peneliti telah mengetahui strategi digital marketing yang digunakan oleh Tiara Sentosa Tours & Travels. Tiara Sentosa Tours & Travels memiliki dua (2) strategi Digital Marketing yang digunakan. Strategi Digital Marketing yang dimaksut adalah website dan media sosial. Dari hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan maka peneliti menarik kesimpulan bahwa strategi digital marketing yang selama ini digunakan oleh perusahaan terbukti dapat meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan wisatawan domestik maupun mancanegara.
Persepsi Wisatawan Terhadap Penggunaan Bahasa di Daerah Wisata Lombok
Authors: Lalu Erwan Husnan  , Lalu Ratmaja
Published: March 2022

Latar Belakang:

Nusa Tenggara Barat merupakan satu dari sekian daerah dengan kunjungan wisatawan cukup tinggi. Kepariwisataan di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat terkait erat dengan penggunaan bahasa. Tiga bahasa yang hadir di daerah pariwisata, yaitu bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa nasional dan persatuan bangsa Indonesia, bahasa daerah, dan bahasa asing. 

Metode:

Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif-kantitatif. Jumlah informan yang digunakan adalah 52 orang. Informan tersebut diambil dari dua daerah tujuan wisata yang tergolong maju dan sedang berkembang, yaitu desa Senggigi di Kabupaten Lombok Barat dan desa Kuta di Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Data dianalisis menggunakan metode EGIDS (Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale)

Hasil:

Hasil yang didapatkan adalah persepsi wisatawan terhadap jasa layanan kepariwisataan di dua daerah wisata tersebut baik. Hasil ini didukung oleh tiga aspek yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini. Namun begitu, persepsi wisatawan lebih cenderung pada penempatan bahasa Indonesia terlebih dahulu kemudian diikuti oleh bahasa asing.

Kesimpulan:

Penelitian ini yang didasarkan pada data kualitatif kemudian dikonversikan ke dalam hitungan sederhana menggunakan excel mampu mendeskripsikan persepsi wisatawan yang berkunjung ke kedua daerah wisata di Nusa Tenggara Barat (Senggigi dan Kuta). Hasil hitungan tersebut menyimpulkan bahwa persepsi wisatawan terhadap jasa layanan kepariwisataan di dua daerah wisata tersebut baik. Persepsi baik ini didukung oleh ketiga aspek yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini. Khusus pada aspek ketiga yang memiliki dua aspek yang memberikan pilihan bahasa Indonesia terlebih dahulu atau bahasa asing pada jasa layanan kepariwisataan menunjukkan bahwa persepsi wisatawan lebih cenderung pada penempatan bahasa Indonesia terlebih dahulu kemudian diikuti oleh bahasa asing.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Menggunakan Eksperimen Pencampuran Zat Untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Pada Siswa SMP
Authors: Elviana Elviana , Adinda Khairuni
Published: March 2022

In the teaching and learning process using the experimental method, students are given experience to experience for yourself about an object, analyze, prove, and draw conclusions about a state object. With using experimental methods in learning, students are expected to solve problems related to experiments conducted by students and then discussed in order to obtain a solution based on experience students, supported by data sources or facts that exist in reality. By therefore, design a detailed research plan. the scientific method you have to do: formulate the problem, find out hypotheses, establish research variables, establish work procedures, collect data, process and analyze data, make conclusions, discuss research results.
Identifikasi Hambatan Belajar Siswa Kelas X Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Pekanbaru Pada Topik Trigonometri
Authors: Fauziah Fauziah
Published: March 2022

The purpose of study was to identifying student’s learning obstacle of Trigonometry by using student’s worksheet.This research is descriptive analysis research. This research was conducted in class X Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Pekanbaru with a total of 30 students. The students worksheet (LKS) provided contains two learning activities. In first activity, students in groups were asked to find the rules of trigonometric formulas and use them in solving problems. Futhermore, in second activity students were asked to work on practice questions based on the rules of the Trigonometry formulas they discussed in the previous activity. Data collection were carried out based on student’s answerson the LKS. Furthermore, the student’s answer were analyzed to indentifying student’s learning obstacle on the topic of Trigonometry. Based on results of the analysis of student answers, it can be seen that most students are wrong in using the concept of the cosine rule because the are wrong determining the front side and the side flanking the angle and are unable to know the formula that must be used to solve the problem. Based on the result of this study, it can be seen that the use of student’s worksheets (LKS) is effevtive in identifying student learning obstacle, especially on topic of Trigonomentry so that they can be followed up in the next learning process.
High mortality due to gastrointestinal TB in HIV and non-HIV patients
Authors: Monreal-Robles R. , González-González J. A. , Sordia-Ramírez J. , Ruiz-Holguin E. , Negreros-Osuna A. A. , de la Rosa-Pacheco S. , Soto-Moncivais B. , Rendón A.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Due to the reported low incidence of gastrointestinal TB, there is a lack of data related to the prognosis, risk factors and frequency of resistant TB in this subgroup of patients.OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment
and outcomes in gastrointestinal TB.METHODS: We prospectively studied the demographic, clinical, and paraclinical data of all consecutive gastrointestinal TB inpatients over an 8-year period.RESULTS: We identified gastrointestinal TB in 28 (3.5%) out of 799 inpatients
with TB infection. Seven patients (25%) were HIV-positive. Overall mortality was 35.7%, with the combined variable of haemoglobin <12 g/dL and albumin <2.8 g/dL being independently associated with mortality (OR 25.7, 95% CI 1.405–471.1, P = 0.029). No difference in the need
for surgery (28.6% vs. 47.6%, P = 0.662), occurrence of septic shock (14.3 vs. 23.8%, P = 1.00) or mortality (14.3% vs. 42.9%, P = 0.364) was found between HIV and non-HIV patients.CONCLUSION: Gastrointestinal TB was rare among TB patients in Hospital Universitario
“Dr José E. González” (3.5%), but had a high mortality rate (35.7%). Clinical evolution, drug susceptibility patterns and outcomes were similar in HIV and non-HIV patients. In both groups, the combined haemoglobin and albumin variable on admission was clearly associated
with mortality.
WHO target product profiles for TB preventive treatment
Authors: Den Boon S. , Lienhardt C. , Zignol M. , Schwartzman K. , Arinaminpathy N. , Campbell J. R. , Nahid P. , Penazzato M. , Menzies D. , Vesga J. F. , Oxlade O. , Churchyard G. , Merle C. S. , Kasaeva T. , Falzon D.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The WHO has developed target product profiles (TPPs) describing the most appropriate qualities for future TPT regimens to assist developers in aligning the characteristics of new treatments with programmatic requirements.METHODS: A technical consultation
group was convened by the WHO to determine regimen attributes with greatest potential impact for patients (i.e., improved risk/benefit profile) and populations (i.e., reduction in transmission and TB prevalence). The group categorised regimen attributes as ‘priority´ or ‘desirable´;
and defined for each attribute the minimum requirements and optimal targets.RESULTS: Nine priority attributes were defined, including efficacy, treatment duration, safety, drug–drug interactions, barrier to emergence of drug resistance, target population, formulation, dosage,
frequency and route of administration, stability and shelf life. Regimens meeting optimal targets were characterised, for example, as having superior efficacy, treatment duration of ≤2 weeks, and improved tolerability and safety profile compared with current regimens. The four desirable
attributes included regimen cost, safety in special populations, treatment adherence and need for drug susceptibility testing in the index patient.DISCUSSION: It may be difficult for a single regimen to satisfy all characteristics so regimen developers may have to consider trade-offs.
Additional operational aspects may be relevant to the feasibility and public health impact of new TPT regimens.
PLANOWANIE CYWILNE I ZADANIA ORGANÓW PAŃSTWA W SYTUACJI ZAGROŻENIA EPIDEMICZNEGO W POLSCE
Authors: Wróbel Rafał , Kęsoń Tadeusz
Published: March 2022

Oczekiwania stawiane wobec każdego państwa związane są z realizacją przez nie funkcji zewnętrznej
oraz wewnętrznej, w tym związanej z eliminowaniem zagrożeń dla bezpieczeństwa ludzi,
mienia, środowiska oraz tworzeniem warunków do rozwoju. Celem artykułu jest wskazanie
elementów działalności planistycznej oraz zadań organów państwa i instytucji w zakresie przeciwdziałania
wystąpieniu oraz rozprzestrzeniania się zagrożenia epidemicznego, zaś problem poruszony
w nim przybrał postać pytania: W jakim zakresie działalność planistyczna oraz zadania
organów państwa i instytucji są realizowane w aspekcie przeciwdziałania wystąpieniu oraz rozprzestrzeniania
się zagrożenia epidemicznego? Zaprezentowane w artykule treści dotyczą prawnych
podstaw działania państwa oraz dokumentacji planistycznej mających umożliwić skuteczne
działania w zakresie przeciwdziałania wystąpieniu oraz ograniczania skutków zagrożenia. W artykule
opisano rozwiązania zawarte w planach: krajowym planie zarządzania kryzysowego oraz
wojewódzkich planach działania na wypadek wystąpienia epidemii. Określono również zadania
wyspecjalizowanych podmiotów ochrony zdrowia oraz wspierających ich podmiotów z zakresu
bezpieczeństwa publicznego takich jak Policja, Państwowa Straż Pożarna oraz Straż Graniczna.
Główną metodą wykorzystywaną w prowadzonych rozważaniach była analiza jakościowa przepisów
prawa i literatury przedmiotu. Prezentowane rozważania nabierają szczególnego znaczenia
w kontekście zagrożenia COVID-19.
Die Verwandlung der Weltgesellschaft: Zur Bedeutung des Individuums in Dynamiken globaler politischer Ordnungsbildung
Authors: Busse Jan
Published: March 2022

Dieser Beitrag zeichnet wesentliche Veränderungen der globalen Ordnungsbildung hinsichtlich der Rolle des Individuums nach. Der Beitrag beobachtet in diesem Kontext eine gesteigerte politische Bedeutung des Individuums - einer Hinwendung zum Subjekt - und identifiziert, inwieweit sich hieraus substantielle Folgen für Dynamiken globaler Ordnungsbildung ergeben. Mithilfe der Einführung der Theorieperspektive einer globalen historischen Soziologie politischer Ordnungsbildung zeigt der Beitrag auf, dass beginnend im 19. und insbesondere im 20. Jahrhundert in der internationalen Ordnung ein erheblicher Bedeutungszuwachs zugunsten des Individuums erfolgte. Ausgehend von der Globalisierung der Idee der universellen Gleichheit aller Menschen und der darauf aufbauenden globalen Verbreitung der Idee des Individuums als ein mit speziellen universellen Rechten ausgestattetes Subjekt, transformierte sich das Verständnis legitimer und legitimierter Akteursschaft in der Weltpolitik. Das Individuum tritt nicht mehr nur als Adressat von politischen Entscheidungen in Erscheinung. Vielmehr wird es zum ermächtigten Subjekt, welches legitime Akteursschaft in der Weltpolitik für sich beanspruchen kann und auf diese Weise die Möglichkeit erhält, aktiv auf die weltpolitische Ordnungsbildung einzuwirken. Dies geschieht insbesondere über den Weg des (internationalen) Rechtssystems. Illustriert wird die vorliegende Argumentation unter Verweis auf die Rolle des Individuums in den Feldern der Sicherheitspolitik und des Klimaschutzes.
Never Off Duty – The Role of Supervisors in the Relationship Between Extended Availability, Subordinate Strain, and Job Performance
Authors: Stempel Christiane R. , Biemelt Jana , Dettmers Jan
Published: March 2022

Employers expect to increase the overall organizational flexibility and performance when employees are available to clients, supervisors, or colleagues outside of their regular work. However, when extended availability is not properly organized, it is associated with impaired well-being, which can lower performance. Research has identified design criteria that may increase or decrease the detrimental effects of availability. We assume that the role-modeling behavior of supervisors as important representatives of organizational values is crucial as well. This study investigated the moderating function of supervisory role modeling in the relationship between extended availability for work and well-being. We conducted a study with 258 participants who completed an online questionnaire about their availability demands and their supervisors’ role modelling to address this issue. Additionally, participants indicated their emotional exhaustion, work-family conflict as well as performance. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that high work-life-friendly role modeling attenuated the detrimental indirect effect of extended availability demands on performance via a work-family conflict. Identifying the boundary conditions for extended availability demands offers a more differentiated perspective on its beneficial and/or detrimental nature. The results highlight the necessity to consider supervisors as key figures for interventions for extended availability demands.
Does Confucian Culture Promote Innovation? An Empirical Investigation of a Leading Organization in the Field
Authors: Tian Mu , Rohlfer Sylvia , Wu Yajun , Yan Haifeng
Published: March 2022

Based on their growing innovation capabilities, Chinese companies have become important players in the global innovation arena. Among the factors influencing these firms’ innovation, cultural values have increasingly attracted scholars’ attention. However, research on the relationship between one of the key elements of traditional Chinese culture, Confucianism, and innovation remains scarce. By focusing on two core elements of Confucianism, we extend the innovation contingency literature in examining whether Confucianism is associated with management and product innovation at the firm level in China. Through an empirical examination of a highly innovative private company in China’s premium kitchen appliance market, we find that Confucianism, as reflected in innovative management practices, can foster product innovation. Specifically, benevolence as a Confucian virtue can trigger innovation by forcing a user-centred focus and widening managers’ perspectives of stakeholder interests. Another Confucian principle, the Doctrine of the Mean, can also boost innovation by yielding harmony with surrounding elements, such as users, space, and nature, and defining the employee-management relationship.
ЈУГОСЛОВЕНСКО УЈЕДИЊЕЊЕ 1918. ГОДИНЕ У БОШЊАЧКОЈ ИСТОРИОГРАФИЈИ (1993-2017)
Authors: Ђуровић Драженко
Published: March 2022

Рад садржи преглед бошњачке историографије o југословенском уједињењу 1918. године. Кроз анализу остварења бошњачких интелектуалаца аутор указује на њихова виђења „посебности“ и „државотворног капацитета“ који је Босна и Херцеговина „унијела“ у југословенску државу крајем 1918. године. У раду се, такође, сагледавају мишљења бошњачких научника о утицају стварања Краљевине СХС на националну и културну еманципацију Бошњака, питању ексклузивизма и хегемонизма Срба и Србије у новој држави, те њихових насилних иступа према Босни и Херцеговини и Бошњацима након Прводецембарског акта 1918. године.
Association of Calcaneal Bone Marrow Lesions and Plantar Fascia Imaging Biomarkers With Chronic Plantar Heel Pain: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Rogers Jason , Jones Graeme , Cook Jill L. , Squibb Kathryn , Halliday Andrew , Wills Karen , Lahham Aroub , Winzenberg Tania
Published: March 2022

Objective

To determine associations between chronic plantar heel pain (CPHP) and imaging biomarkers derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography.

Methods

We compared 218 participants with CPHP with 100 age‐ and sex‐matched population controls. We assessed imaging biomarkers on MRI (calcaneal bone marrow lesions [BMLs], plantar fascia [PF] signal and thickness, spurs, and fat pad signal) and B‐mode/power Doppler ultrasound (PF thickness, echogenicity, and vascularity). Covariate data collected included demographic characteristics, disease history, clinical measures, and physical activity by accelerometry. Data were analyzed using multivariable conditional logistic regression.

Results

Plantar calcaneal BML size (mm2, odds ratio [OR] 1.03 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.02–1.05]), larger plantar spurs (OR for spurs >5 mm 2.15 [95% CI 1.13–4.10]), PF signal (OR for signal penetrating >50% of the dorsoplantar width 12.12 [95% CI 5.36–27.42]), PF thickness (mm, OR for MRI 3.23 [95% CI 2.36–4.43] and ultrasound OR 3.78 [95% CI 2.69–5.32]), and echogenicity (diffusely hypoechoic OR 7.89 [95% CI 4.02–15.48] and focally hypoechoic OR 24.92 [95% CI 9.60–64.69]) were independently associated with CPHP. PF vascularity was uncommon, occurring exclusively in cases (cases with signal n = 47 [22%]). Combining imaging biomarkers into 1 model, plantar BMLs and PF imaging biomarkers, but not fat pad signal or heel spurs, were independently associated with CPHP.

Conclusion

Calcaneal BMLs and PF imaging biomarkers are associated with CPHP. Further research is required to understand whether these different markers represent distinct phenotypes of heel pain, and if so, whether there are specific treatment implications.
47XXY and 47XXX in Scleroderma and Myositis
Authors: Scofield R. Hal , Lewis Valerie M. , Cavitt Joshua , Kurien Biji T. , Assassi Shervin , Martin Javier , Gorlova Olga , Gregersen Peter , Lee Annette , Rider Lisa G. , O'Hanlon Terrance , Rothwell Simon , Lilleker James ,   Myositis Genetics Consortium, Xiaoxi Liu, Kochi Yuta , Terao Chikacshi , Igoe Ann , Stevens Wendy , Sahhar Joanne , Roddy Janet , Rischmueller Maureen , Lester Sue , Proudman Susanna , Chen Sixia , Brown Matthew A. , Mayes Maureen D. , Lamb Janine A. , Miller Frederick W.
Published: March 2022

Objective

We undertook this study to examine the X chromosome complement in participants with systemic sclerosis (SSc) as well as idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Methods

The participants met classification criteria for the diseases. All participants underwent single‐nucleotide polymorphism typing. We examined X and Y single‐nucleotide polymorphism heterogeneity to determine the number of X chromosomes. For statistical comparisons, we used χ2 analyses with calculation of 95% confidence intervals.

Results

Three of seventy men with SSc had 47,XXY (P = 0.0001 compared with control men). Among the 435 women with SSc, none had 47,XXX. Among 709 men with polymyositis or dermatomyositis (PM/DM), seven had 47,XXY (P = 0.0016), whereas among the 1783 women with PM/DM, two had 47,XXX. Of 147 men with inclusion body myositis (IBM), six had 47,XXY, and 1 of the 114 women with IBM had 47,XXX. For each of these myositis disease groups, the excess 47,XXY and/or 47,XXX was significantly higher compared with in controls as well as the known birth rate of Klinefelter syndrome or 47,XXX.

Conclusion

Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) is associated with SSc and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, similar to other autoimmune diseases with type 1 interferon pathogenesis, namely, systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren syndrome.
Thin‐Film Ferroelectrics
Authors: Fernandez Abel , Acharya Megha , Lee Han‐Gyeol , Schimpf Jesse , Jiang Yizhe , Lou Djamila , Tian Zishen , Martin Lane W.
Published: March 2022

Over the last 30 years, the study of ferroelectric oxides has been revolutionized by the implementation of epitaxial‐thin‐film‐based studies, which have driven many advances in the understanding of ferroelectric physics and the realization of novel polar structures and functionalities. New questions have motivated the development of advanced synthesis, characterization, and simulations of epitaxial thin films and, in turn, have provided new insights and applications across the micro‐, meso‐, and macroscopic length scales. This review traces the evolution of ferroelectric thin‐film research through the early days developing understanding of the roles of size and strain on ferroelectrics to the present day, where such understanding is used to create complex hierarchical domain structures, novel polar topologies, and controlled chemical and defect profiles. The extension of epitaxial techniques, coupled with advances in high‐throughput simulations, now stands to accelerate the discovery and study of new ferroelectric materials. Coming hand‐in‐hand with these new materials is new understanding and control of ferroelectric functionalities. Today, researchers are actively working to apply these lessons in a number of applications, including novel memory and logic architectures, as well as a host of energy conversion devices.
Nitrate‐Free Synthesis and Electrospinning of Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Coatings on TA6V Implants
Authors: Dejob Léa , Attik Nina , Tadier Solène , Gaillard Claire , Toury Bérangère , Salles Vincent
Published: March 2022

TA6V (Ti‐6Al‐4V) titanium alloy is commonly used in implantology due to its biocompatibility and interesting mechanical properties. However, its lack of bioactivity is responsible for orthopedic implants loosening, eventually leading to the necessity for a revision surgery. In this study, inorganic coatings are developed with the aim of improving osteo‐integration of TA6V implants. To this end, a carbonated calcium phosphate apatite, already reported to be osteo‐conductive and naturally present in bone tissue, is shaped in the form of micro‐sized filaments, via the electrospinning process, in order to mimic the architecture of the collagen fibrils naturally present in the bone extracellular matrix. The process is then adapted to coat complex, 3D implants. Cellular assays with MG‐63 highlight that cell viability and proliferation are promoted on the coated implant, as a result of both its chemical and morphological properties.
Determinants of violence towards care workers working in the home setting: A systematic review
Authors: Phoo Nang Nge Nge , Reid Alison
Published: March 2022

Background

Home care is a rapidly growing industry. Violence towards home care workers is common, while also likely underreported. This violence adversely affects the physical and mental health of both workers and care recipients. The current study aims to identify and appraise recent evidence on the determinants of violence towards care workers working in the home setting.

Methods

Six electronic databases: the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EMBASE, Informit, Medline, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, were systematically searched. A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute manual for evidence synthesis.

Results

A total of 18 papers met the inclusion criteria. All were cross‐sectional surveys. The majority of studies were from the United States. The most commonly investigated associations were those between the medical history of clients, workers' apprehension of violence, worker‐client relationship, or care plans, and any form of violence or verbal abuse.

Conclusion

Violence was common in clients with cognitive disorders, substance abuse disorder, and limited mobility; toward workers who feared that violence might happen; toward those who had very close or very distant worker‐client relationships; and when care plans were not inclusive of clients' needs. The current review highlights a gap in evidence on determinants of violence towards care workers working in the home setting, and suggests potential areas to be addressed to reduce such violence.
Characteristics of the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative cohort
Authors: Sunderland Kelly M. , Beaton Derek , Arnott Stephen R. , Kleinstiver Peter , Kwan Donna , Lawrence‐Dewar Jane M. , Ramirez Joel , Tan Brian , Bartha Robert , Black Sandra E. , Borrie Michael , Brien Donald , Casaubon Leanne K. , Coe Brian C. , Cornish Benjamin , Dilliott Allison A. , Dowlatshahi Dar , Finger Elizabeth , Fischer Corinne , Frank Andrew , Fraser Julia , Freedman Morris , Greenberg Barry , Grimes David A. , Hassan Ayman , Hatch Wendy , Hegele Robert A. , Hudson Christopher , Jog Mandar , Kumar Sanjeev , Lang Anthony , Levine Brian , Lou Wendy , Mandzia Jennifer , Marras Connie , McIlroy William , Montero‐Odasso Manuel , Munoz David G. , Munoz Douglas P. , Orange Joseph B. , Park David S. , Pasternak Stephen H. , Pieruccini‐Faria Frederico , Rajji Tarek K. , Roberts Angela C. , Robinson John F. , Rogaeva Ekaterina , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Saposnik Gustavo , Scott Christopher J.M. , Seitz Dallas , Shoesmith Christen , Steeves Thomas D.L. , Strong Michael J. , Strother Stephen C. , Swartz Richard H. , Symons Sean , Tang‐Wai David F. , Tartaglia Maria Carmela , Troyer Angela K. , Turnbull John , Zinman Lorne , McLaughlin Paula M. , Masellis Mario , Binns Malcolm A. ,   the ONDRI Investigators
Published: March 2022

Introduction

Understanding synergies between neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular pathologies that modify dementia presentation represents an important knowledge gap.

Methods

This multi‐site, longitudinal, observational cohort study recruited participants across prevalent neurodegenerative diseases and cerebrovascular disease and assessed participants comprehensively across modalities. We describe univariate and multivariate baseline features of the cohort and summarize recruitment, data collection, and curation processes.

Results

We enrolled 520 participants across five neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. Median age was 69 years, median Montreal Cognitive Assessment score was 25, median independence in activities of daily living was 100% for basic and 93% for instrumental activities. Spousal study partners predominated; participants were often male, White, and more educated. Milder disease stages predominated, yet cohorts reflect clinical presentation.

Discussion

Data will be shared with the global scientific community. Within‐disease and disease‐agnostic approaches are expected to identify markers of severity, progression, and therapy targets. Sampling characteristics also provide guidance for future study design.
Catalytic Degradation of Polyethylene Terephthalate Using a Phase‐Transitional Zirconium‐Based Metal–Organic Framework
Authors: Wu Yufang , Wang Xingjie , Kirlikovali Kent O. , Gong Xinyi , Atilgan Ahmet , Ma Kaikai , Schweitzer Neil M. , Gianneschi Nathan C. , Li Zhong , Zhang Xuan , Farha Omar K.
Published: March 2022

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is utilized as one of the most popular consumer plastics worldwide, but difficulties associated with recycling PET have generated a severe environmental crisis with most PET ending its lifecycle in landfills. We report that zirconium‐based metal–organic framework (Zr‐MOF) UiO‐66 deconstructs waste PET into the building blocks terephthalic acid (TA) and mono‐methyl terephthalate (MMT) within 24 hours at 260 °C (total yield of 98 % under 1 atm H2 and 81 % under 1 atm Ar). Extensive structural characterization studies reveal that during the degradation process, UiO‐66 undergoes an intriguing transformation into MIL‐140A, which is another Zr‐MOF that shows good catalytic activity toward PET degradation under similar reaction conditions. These results illustrate the diversity of applications for Zr‐MOFs and establish MOFs as a new class of polymer degradation catalysts with the potential to address long‐standing challenges associated with plastic waste.
Engineering eg Orbital Occupancy of Pt with Au Alloying Enables Reversible Li−O2 Batteries
Authors: Zhou Yin , Gu Qianfeng , Yin Kun , Li Yiju , Tao Lu , Tan Hao , Yang Yong , Guo Shaojun
Published: March 2022

Constructing well‐designed catalysts to accelerate OER catalytic activity and alleviate the charge overpotential is prevailing for achieving sophisticated Li−O2 batteries. Herein, we report a concept for engineering the eg occupancy of Pt with M alloying (M=Au, Ru) to tune the charge overpotentials for achieving high‐performance Li−O2 batteries. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy results coupled with density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the highly electronegative Au can capture more eg electrons from Pt, leading to less eg electrons of Pt in PtAu than that in PtRu. The lower eg occupancy of Pt atoms in PtAu alloys entails the upward shift of the Pt d band, which causes a strong binding strength towards the intermediates (LiO2), thereby decreasing the OER energy barrier. As a consequence, the Li−O2 battery with a PtAu cathode delivers a low charge overpotential of 0.36 V and superior cycle life of 220 cycles at a cutoff capacity of 1000 mAh g−1, which is among the best in the reported noble metal‐based cathodes.
Solution‐Phase Magnetic Mechanistic Study of Ni‐Seamed Pyrogallol[4]arene Nanocapsules Reveal Presence of Novel Cylindrical and Spherical Species
Authors: Kumari Harshita , Dennis Cindi L. , Kline Steven R. , Mossine Andrew V. , Deakyne Carol A. , Atwood Jerry L.
Published: March 2022

The magnetic properties of nickel‐seamed C‐pyrogallol[4]arene (PgC3Ni) hexamers and dimers are studied for the first time in solution. The combination of small‐angle neutron scattering and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer measurements of the solution species reveal their paramagnetic and weakly antiferromagnetic behaviour. Surprisingly, the magnetic results indicated the presence of an unprecedented 13 Å‐radius species, larger than both the dimeric and hexameric nanocapsules with both octahedral and square‐planar metal centers. To confirm the presence of this novel species, we performed a mechanistic study of PgC3Ni as a function of temperature and solvent and deduced the presence of two additional new species: a) an 11 Å cylinder with Ni atoms seaming the tubular framework and b) an 8 Å‐radius sphere with non‐interacting Ni centers located within the internal cavity. Select parameters that shift the equilibrium towards desired species are also identified.
A Hierarchical (Macro)molecular Assembly Assisted by Donor–Acceptor Charge‐Transfer Interactions Exhibiting Room‐Temperature Ferroelectricity
Authors: Mukherjee Anurag , Barman Shubhankar , Ghosh Anupam , Datta Ayan , Datta Anuja , Ghosh Suhrit
Published: March 2022

This communication reveals co‐assembly of an electron‐deficient naphthalene‐diimide (NDI)‐appended polyurethane (P1) and electron‐rich pyrene (Py), forming an organogel with prominent room‐temperature ferroelectricity. In a non‐polar medium, intra‐chain hydrogen‐bonding among the urethane groups of P1 produces a folded structure with an array of the NDIs in the periphery, which intercalate Py by charge‐transfer (CT)‐interaction. Such CT‐complexation enables slow crystallization of the peripheral hydrocarbons, causing gelation with nanotubular morphology, in which the wall consists of the alternating NDI−Py stack. Such D‐A assembly exhibits ferroelectricity (saturation polarization Ps≈0.8 μC cm−2 and coercive field Ec≈8 kV cm−1 at 500 V and 10 Hz frequency) with Curie temperature (Tc) of ≈350 K, which can be related to the disassembly of the CT‐complex. In the absence of Py, P1 forms spherical aggregates, showing dielectric behaviour.
Agent‐based time delay margin in consensus of multi‐agent systems by an event‐triggered control method: Concept and computation
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Hamid , Tavazoei Mohammad Saleh , Kuznetsov Nikolay V.
Published: March 2022

This paper deals with defining the concept of agent‐based time delay margin and computing its value in multi‐agent systems controlled by event‐triggered based controllers. The agent‐based time delay margin specifying the time delay tolerance of each agent for ensuring consensus in event‐triggered controlled multi‐agent systems can be considered as complementary for the concept of (network) time delay margin, which has been previously introduced in some literature. In this paper, an event‐triggered control method for achieving consensus in multi‐agent systems with time delay is considered. It is shown that the Zeno behavior is excluded by applying this method. Then, in a multi‐agent system controlled by the considered event‐triggered method, the concept of agent‐based time delay margin in the presence of a fixed network delay is defined. Moreover, an algorithm for computing the value of the time delay margin for each agent is proposed. Numerical simulation results are also provided to verify the obtained theoretical results.
An Arcus view of stellar space weather
Authors: Brickhouse Nancy S. , Brenneman Laura W. , Günther Hans Moritz , Huenemoerder David P. , Ptak Andy , Smith Randall K. , Wolk Scott J.
Published: March 2022

Arcus is a Medium Explorer (MIDEX) NASA mission to be proposed near the end of 2021. One of the three science goals for Arcus is to explore how stars, circumstellar disks, and exoplanet atmospheres form and evolve. The mission provides high‐resolution, soft X‐ray spectroscopy with required effective area cm2 and resolving power . Key science topics discussed here are the structure and heating of stellar coronae across the HR diagram and magnetic accretion onto young stars. These studies will contribute to our understanding of the impact of stellar space weather on exoplanet atmospheres.
Therapist perspectives on working with fears, blocks and resistances to compassion in compassion focused therapy
Authors: Steindl Stan , Bell Tobyn , Dixon Alison , Kirby James N.
Published: March 2022

Objective

A core aspect of compassion focused therapy (CFT) is addressing fears, blocks, and resistances (FBRs) to compassion. How CFT therapists do this with clients remains unclear. This study aims to explore the perspectives of well‐trained, experienced CFT therapists regarding how they work with FBRs in the context of CFT.

Methods

A qualitative study was conducted. Participants were asked five open‐ended questions regarding (a) their experiences of working with FBRs to compassion, (b) how they understand and formulate FBRs, (c) specific ways they address FBRs, (d) how other therapists might learn about working with FBRs, and (e) their top recommendations. A total of 64 participants completed the online questionnaire, and the qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results

The analysis produced four interrelated superordinate themes: (a) Getting “alongside” and “behind”: The central role of formulation, (b) “It's not your fault”: Psychoeducation, (c) “Get experiential”: An emphasis on experiential interventions, and (d) “Respect the wisdom”: The importance of therapeutic process.

Conclusions

Working with FBRs to compassion is critical in CFT. Understanding the wisdom in the client's FBRs, and validating and de‐shaming the client's FBRs are crucial. We provide clinical recommendations regarding working with FBRs as part of CFT.
Switchable DNA‐Encoded Chemical Library: Interconversion between Double‐ and Single‐Stranded DNA Formats
Authors: Zhao Guixian , Fan Xiaohong , Li Yangfeng , Zhang Gong , Li Yizhou
Published: March 2022

DNA‐encoded chemical libraries (DEL) have attracted substantial attention due to the infinite possibility for hit discovery in both pharmaceutical companies and academia. The encoding method is the initial step of DEL construction and one of the cornerstones of DEL applications. Classified by the DNA format, the existing DEL encoding strategies were categorized into single‐stranded DNA‐based strategies and double‐stranded DNA‐based strategies. The two DEL formats have their unique advantages but are usually incompatible with each other. To address this issue, we propose the concept of interconversion between double‐ and single‐stranded DEL based on the “reversible covalent headpiece (RCHP)” design, which combines maximum robustness of synthesis with extraordinary flexibility of applications in distinct setups. Future opportunities in this field are also proposed to advance DEL technology to a comprehensive drug discovery platform.
Discovery of Novel Tyrosine Ammonia Lyases for the Enzymatic Synthesis of p‐Coumaric Acid
Authors: Brack Yannik , Sun Chenghai , Yi Dong , Bornscheuer Uwe T.
Published: March 2022

p‐Coumaric acid (p‐CA) is a key precursor for the biosynthesis of flavonoids. Tyrosine ammonia lyases (TALs) specifically catalyze the synthesis of p‐CA from l‐tyrosine, which is a convenient enzymatic pathway. To explore novel and highly active TALs, a phylogenetic tree‐building approach was conducted including 875 putative TALs and 46 putative phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia lyases (PTALs). Among them, 5 TALs and 3 PTALs were successfully characterized and found to exhibit the proposed enzymatic activity. The TAL from Chryseobacterium luteum sp. nov (TALclu) has the highest affinity (Km=0.019 mm) and conversion efficiency (kcat/Km=1631 s−1 ⋅ mm−1) towards l‐tyrosine. The reaction conditions for two purified enzymes and their E. coli recombinant cells were optimized and p‐CA yields of 2.03 g/L after 8 hours by TALclu and 2.35 g/L after 24 h by TAL from Rivularia sp. PCC 7116 (TALrpc) in whole cells were achieved. These TALs are thus candidates for the construction of whole‐cell systems to produce the flavonoid precursor p‐CA.
The Complex Roles of Adenosine Triphosphate in Bioenergetics
Authors: Fontecilla‐Camps Juan C.
Published: March 2022

ATP is generally defined as the “energy currency” of the cell. Its phosphoanhydride P−O bonds are often considered to be “high energy” linkages that release free energy when broken, and its hydrolysis is described as “strongly exergonic”. However, breaking bonds cannot release energy and ATP hydrolysis in motor and active transport proteins is not “strongly exergonic”. So, the relevance of ATP resides elsewhere. As important as the nucleotide are the proteins that undergo functionally relevant conformational changes upon both ATP binding and release of ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP phosphorylates proteins for signaling, active transport, and substrates in condensation reactions. The ensuing dephosphorylation has different consequences in each case. In signaling and active transport the phosphate group is hydrolyzed whereas in condensation reactions the phosphoryl fragment acts as a dehydrating agent. As it will be discussed in this article, ATP does much more than simply contribute free energy to biological processes.
Single‐Phase Precursors for the Preparation of Spinel Ferrites via Oxalate Route: the Study of Cobalt Ferrite Synthesis
Authors: Lisníková Soňa , Kopp Josef , Vrba Vlastimil , Novák Petr
Published: March 2022

This work explores the benefits of single‐phase oxalate precursors for the preparation of spinel ferrites by thermal decomposition. A direct comparison between the genuine oxalate solid solution and the physical mixture of simple oxalates is presented using the case study of cobalt ferrite preparation. The mixing of metal cations within a single oxalate structure could be verified prior to its thermal decomposition by several non‐destructive experimental techniques, namely Mössbauer spectroscopy, X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. In situ XRD experiments were conducted to compare the decomposition processes of the solid solution and the physical mixture. Additionally, the decomposition products of the FeCo oxalate solid solution were studied ex situ by means of N2 adsorption, Mössbauer spectroscopy and XRD. The results obtained for different reaction temperatures demonstrate the possibilities to easily control the physical properties of the prepared oxides.
Raman Optical Activity of N‐Acetyl‐L‐Cysteine in Water and in Methanol: The “Clusters‐in‐a‐Liquid” Model and ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Yang Yanqing , Cheramy Joseph , Brehm Martin , Xu Yunjie
Published: March 2022

Raman and Raman Optical Activity (ROA) spectra of N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NALC), a flexible chiral molecule, were measured in water and in methanol to evaluate the solvent effects. Two different solvation approaches, that is, the DFT based “clusters‐in‐a‐liquid” solvent model and the ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations, were applied to simulate the Raman and ROA spectra. Systematic conformational searches were carried out using a recently developed conformational searching tool, CREST, with the inclusion of polarizable continuum model of water and of methanol. The CREST candidates of NALC and the NALC‐solvent complexes were re‐optimized and their Raman and ROA simulations were done at the B3LYP−D3BJ/def2‐TZVP and the B3LYP‐aug‐cc‐pVDZ//cc‐pVTZ levels. Also, AIMD simulations, which includes some anharmonic effects and all intermolecular interactions in solution, were performed. By empirically weighting the computed Raman and ROA spectra of each conformer, good agreements with the experimental data were achieved with both approaches, while AIMD offered some improvements in the carbonyl and in the low wavenumber regions over the static DFT approach. The pros and cons of these two different approaches for accounting the solvent effects on Raman and ROA of this flexible chiral system will also be discussed.