bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discriminação de gênero e inserção de meninas na área de TI
Authors: Petró Vanessa , Ferreira Vinicius Hartmann , Muller Renata Luiza , Hahn Jéssica Gabrieli Schmitz , Assmann Leandro Von Borstel
Published: July 2021

O estudo aborda as trajetórias escolares e profissionais de egressas de um Curso Técnico em Informática Integrado ao Ensino Médio. O objetivo do estudo é analisar aspectos que influenciam a formação de trajetórias profissionais femininas na área de TI. A pesquisa é de abordagem qualitativa, baseado no método de estudo de caso e realizou 09 entrevistas narrativas com egressas do referido Curso. A compreensão das trajetórias é feita a partir da concepção dos processos de socialização de gênero. Entre os principais resultados encontrados destacam-se as formas de preconceito de gênero no Curso, mesmo que quase sempre velados e as formas de discriminação no mundo do trabalho.
Unindo o Útil ao Agradável: Ação de Extensão de Formação em Informática para Mulheres em Vulnerabilidade Social
Authors: Costa Renata Luiza da , Lula Celyce de Sousa Gonçalves , Guinati Débora Guerra de S. , Souza Stéfany de Castro
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma ação de formação em informática desenvolvida para mulheres em vulnerabilidade social. A partir do interesse em oferecer oportunidade de aprendizagem profissional e da realidade de déficit de profissionais mulheres na área da Informática, a proposta integrou conteúdos de Informática Básica, Empreendedorismo, Discussões de Gênero e Motivacionais, e Design de Sites. Dentre outros resultados, foi possível perceber que a extensão é um caminho para atração de mulheres para a área da Informática, mas, para que permaneçam nos cursos, também foi identificado que são necessárias outras medidas de apoio assistencial, tendo em vista o perfil de vulnerabilidade social.
Incentivando Meninas nas Ciências: um Relato de Experiência dos Minicursos de Programação e Robótica para Jovens
Authors: Marotti Júlia , Campos Francisco , Godinho Julia , SantClair Gabriel , Villela Flávia , Gomide Janaina , Oliveira Laura Emmanuella de , Becker Beatriz , Laricchia Camila , Siloto Denise , Rocha Elisa , Estanislau Milena , Martins Tabatta , Belmonte Valeria Nunes
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta o relato de experiência dos minicursos de programação e robótica para jovens meninas de Macaé e região. O objetivo desse trabalho é incentivar a formação de mulheres para as carreiras de ciências exatas, engenharias e computação, e divulgar os cursos de graduação em Engenharia oferecidos pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) para essas jovens. Esses minicursos aconteceram em parceria com professoras de três escolas públicas e atingiram no total 50 jovens, sendo 35 do sexo feminino. Ao longo das aulas pôde-se observar o interesse das alunas pelas atividades realizadas nos cursos da Engenharia e a curiosidade por aprender mais sobre programação.
Investigando a Participação das Mulheres nas Áreas de Teste e Qualidade de Software
Authors: Alves Larissa M. R. , Nascimento Samara Martins , Silva Veronica M. L.
Published: July 2021

A demanda por profissionais nas áreas de Tecnologia da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) tem crescido. Apesar disso, não se consegue suprir totalmente as vagas existentes. Um possível motivo do não preenchimento pode estar relacionado a baixa participação feminina na área. Especificamente, em áreas como Teste e Qualidade de Software, existe uma lacuna gerada pela falta de informação, motivando a proposta deste trabalho. Os resultados, baseados em uma análise quali-quantitativa, mostraram uma maior concentração mulheres trabalhando nestas áreas nas regiões Nordeste e Sudeste.
Mentoria em programação: aprendendo ao ensinar e ensinando ao aprender
Authors: Silva Thais Regina de M. B. , Braga e Silva Gláucia , Henriques Maria Theresa Arruda
Published: July 2021

Diversos trabalhos na literatura mostram as dificuldades rotineiras encontradas por estudantes no processo inicial de aprendizado da programação de computadores. Em particular, esta questão tem o potencial de aumentar a resistência e a evasão de meninas. Este artigo apresenta a forma como relações de mentoria foram instituídas no programa MinasCoders, despertando interesse e motivação na programação, nos cursos e na área de tecnologia de modo geral. Os resultados mostraram que o empoderamento de mentoras e o sentimento de acolhimento de mentoradas se traduziram em aprendizado concreto.
Relato das atividades e dificuldades do Coletivo Mirtha Lina em meio à pandemia de Covid-19
Authors: Sass Camila , Chicaroni Beatriz , Tenore Lara , Ferreira Lidia , Brandão Maria Eduarda , Lins Melissa , Ferreira Poliana , Santana Rosimeire , Rodriguez Carla , Goya Denise , Rocha Rafaela V.
Published: July 2021

Atualmente, a proporção de mulheres graduadas ou matriculadas nas áreas relacionadas à STEM é baixa na maior parte dos países. Essa situação é preocupante pois mostra que as mulheres não estão participando de forma igualitária de um dos grandes pilares da nossa sociedade. Visto isso, este artigo relata as dificuldades e ações do coletivo de graduandas, em meio à pandemia de Covid-19, para aumentar a participação de meninas e mulheres nessas áreas. Dentre as ações, estão a reformulação da identidade visual do grupo; formação de novas monitoras; revisão de materiais dos cursos; e a organização e participação em um workshop on-line.
Simulating the Effect of Friction on Drive Screw Using System-of-System Modeling with Predetermined Torque
Authors: Isiaka Fatima , M. Adamu Awwal , A. Abdulkarim Salihu , Salihu Abdullahi
Published: July 2021

In most mechanical systems, screw threads serve three main basic purposes: (i) to transmit power, (ii) to provide a clamping force, and finally (iii) to restrict or control motion. This chapter demonstrates the effects of friction and behavior which can occur in a bolted fastening (screw thread) for advanced design purposes. To model this behavior, other control components are attached to the bolted screw. The bolt preload is applied with a predetermined torque. For this case the preload depends on the friction under the head and in the thread. The friction prevents the loosing of the bolted fastening. This effect is termed as self-locking effect. We designed an algorithm that reproduces an exemplary simulation scenario, which determines friction and its effect on thread angle based on the strength of the coefficient of friction at a specific tension or clamp load value using the system-of-system approach. The result shows specific behavior on both the motion in threads and drive screw with predetermined torque. The chapter is limited to creating a simple simulation environment to demonstrate the effects.
Food Webs
Authors: Mondragón-Camarillo Laura , Rodríguez Zaragoza Salvador
Published: July 2021

Ciliates are important elements of the trophic networks of aquatic and terrestrial environments, they can be primary producers (myxotrophs), consumers of bacteria, algae, flagellates, even other ciliates and can serve as food for metazoans, for all the above they are the link between different levels of food webs. The structure of the ciliates varies according to the seasons of the year and depending on the trophic conditions of the aquatic systems. Ciliated communities have modifications and adaptations in response to environmental perturbations. The objective of this chapter is to describe the importance of different trophic groups of ciliates in different ecosystems, including anthropogenic perturbations and their impact on trophic webs.
Application of Spectroscopic Techniques in Early Detection of Fungal Plant Pathogens
Authors: Kumar Ritesh , Pathak Shikha , Prakash Nishant , Priya Upasna , Ghatak Abhijeet
Published: July 2021

Among the plant pathogens, around 85% of diseases in plants are caused by fungi. Rapid and accurate detection of fungal phytopathogens up to the species level is crucial for the implementation of proper disease control strategies, which were previously relied on conventional approaches. The conventional identification methods have been replaced by many rapid and accurate methods like high throughput sequencing, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), serological and spectroscopic technique. Among these rapid pathogen detection techniques, spectroscopy is a rapid, cost-effective, non-destructive method and does not require sample preparation. Nowadays, visible, infrared and near-infrared rays are commonly employed for pathogen detection. Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Attenuated Total Reflection (ATR)-FTIR spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Biocontrol fungus-like Trichoderma spp. can be detected with the help of MALDI-TOF MS. Fluorescence spectroscopy used fluorescence emanating from the sample and successfully used in the detection of powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis). Hyperspectral imaging is an advanced approach which uses artificial intelligence in plant disease detection. This literature discusses briefly about the features of above-mentioned spectroscopy techniques which may impel the general understanding and propel the research activities.
Targeting Leader Cells in Ovarian Cancer as an Effective Therapeutic Option
Authors: Karimnia Nazanin , Yaw Ho Gwo , N. Stephens Andrew , Bilandzic Maree
Published: July 2021

Majority of ovarian cancers are diagnosed at advanced stages with intra-peritoneal spread as the most common mode of disease metastasis. The formation of cancer spheroids is essential for the collective migration process, where shed tumour cells from the primary tumour form aggregates rather than disseminating as individual cells and seed within the peritoneal cavity. These cancer spheroids consist of leader cells (LC) and follower cells (FC), with the LC subset as key drivers of cellular movement and invasion. LCs have stem cell-like properties and are highly chemo-resistant with a specific survival addiction to several cell signalling pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. We explore in this book chapter, the evidence supporting the role of LC in OC metastasis and the suppression of LC as an attractive therapeutic option for the treatment of advanced OC.
A Comprehensive Survey of Asymptomatic Malaria Cases in an Endemic Focus in Iran: A Successful Experience on the Road to Eliminate Malaria
Authors: Turki Habibollah , Shekari Mohammad , Soltani Aboozar
Published: July 2021

Background: Malaria is one of the important infectious blood diseases caused by the protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted by female Anopheles mosquito bites. A malaria elimination plan is currently being followed in Hormozgan Province. The robust malaria surveillance system with appropriate active case findings, especially asymptomatic cases, plays an important role in the malaria elimination program. Objectives: The main objectives of this research were to determine the presence and prevalence of asymptomatic malaria cases and monitor asymptomatic parasitic reservoirs in Jask District, Hormozgan Province. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate and monitor asymptomatic cases in the Jask District. The purpose and stages of the study were explained to all participants/parents, and written informed consent was obtained. A total of 230 asymptomatic residents (124 females and 86 males) were randomly selected, and their blood samples (3 mL) were taken to assess Plasmodium infection using microscopic, RDT, and molecular (18ssrRNA) methods. Results: Of the 230 studied cases, 54.8% were females, and 454.2% were males. The age range was four to 65 years old, and the mean age was 24.5. None of the diagnostic methods, including the microscopic, serological, and molecular techniques, could find asymptomatic malaria cases in the study area. Conclusions: It can be concluded that Malaria Elimination Program is feasible in the Jask Region irrespective of asymptomatic parasitic reservoirs. The results also emphasize a robust and efficient malaria surveillance system to diagnose and treat positive cases and monitor treated cases successfully. Ongoing and continuous studies are recommended in the high-risk malarious area of Hormozgan Province to monitor asymptomatic cases of malaria.
Association of Infantile Anorexia with Sleep Pattern and Cognitive Development of Children at Southern Region of Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Agustina Nenden Nursyamsi , Santosa Qodri , Munaya Nurul Afifah , Dwijayanti Gema Citra
Published: July 2021

Background: Cognitive development plays an important role in a child’s life. Cognitive development and sleep patterns can interfere with the brain cell growth related to health and nutrition in children. Many children are reported to have eating difficulty in infantile anorexia. Infantile anorexia is an eating disorder during the children’s period of learning (6 - 36 months of age). The disorder is characterized by extreme refusal of eating, deficiency of growth, and loss of typical appetite. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association of infantile anorexia at 12 - 36 months of age with cognitive development and sleep patterns in children. Methods: This analytic observational study with a case-control design was conducted on the subjects divided into 40 infantile anorexia children and 40 controls. Infantile anorexia was diagnosed by a trained pediatrician. Cognitive assessment was measured by the Capute Scale test. The Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire measured the data on children’s sleep patterns. The association of infantile anorexia and children’s cognitive development was analyzed by the chi-square test. Results: The result showed a significant association between infantile anorexia and children’s cognitive development (OR: 52.76; 95% CI: 6.58 - 423.0; P < 0.001). A similar association was also observed between children’s sleep patterns and infantile anorexia (OR: 4.88; 95% CI: 1.80 - 13.21; P < 0.002). Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrated that children with infantile anorexia are more likely to have impaired cognitive development and abnormal sleep patterns.
Étude comparative de la densité et du déplacement des Desmans des Pyrénées Galemys pyrenaicus (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1811) par une méthode non invasive
Authors: LIM Melody , BLANC Frédéric , MICHAUX Johan , PIGNEUR Lise-Marie , GILLET François , MARC Daniel , PONCET Émile , NÉMOZ Mélanie
Published: July 2021

Espèce protégée et en régression sur l’ensemble de son aire de répartition, le Desman des Pyrénées Galemys pyrenaicus (É. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1811) reste une espèce mal connue malgré les programmes d’actions en faveur de sa conservation mis en œuvre en France depuis 2010. Le manque de connaissance sur la densité des populations et les déplacements des individus nous ont poussés à réaliser une étude de suivi de six populations de Desman répartie sur six sites pyrénéens connus pour abriter l’espèce. La méthode retenue pour cette étude a été l’analyse génétique des fèces nécessitant un protocole non invasif et moins coûteux que les captures ou les suivis par radiopistage. Certaines crottes ont permis de contacter des individus à plusieurs reprises et d’analyser leurs déplacements. L’individualisation des crottes a également permis d’estimer une densité minimale d’individus sur 1,5 km de cours d’eau prospecté réparti sur 3 km, ou encore sur des portions plus restreintes de 250 mètres. Ainsi, les résultats confirment la mobilité du Desman mais aussi son caractère nomade et non territorial. Un des sites n’a cependant pas pu rentrer dans l’analyse des données, car soumis à une pollution menant à la disparition de l’espèce pendant quelques années. Les analyses génétiques ont montré l’efficacité des prospections avec des résultats positifs au Desman pour chaque échantillon prélevé supposé appartenir à l’espèce. Cependant, ils confirment aussi la difficulté de détectabilité de l’espèce malgré sa présence et la nécessité de la prendre en compte, même si elle semble absente à un instant donné sur un site, notamment dans les projets d’aménagement de cours d’eau, afin de respecter la continuité écologique nécessaire à ses déplacements et aux mélanges génétiques des populations.
Educação, linguagem e teatro no âmbito da formação universitária: dos lugares teóricos e práticos da cri[ação] pedagógica e artística
Authors: Wosniak Cristiane do Rocio
Published: July 2021

Trata-se de uma resenha crítica sobre o livro Teatro e Universidade: Cena. Pedagogia. [Dialogismo] do autor Jean Carlos Gonçalves, publicado em 2019 pela Editora Hucitec, compondo o número 23 da Coleção Pedagogia do Teatro.
Avaliação do nível da proficiência nas competências digitais dos docentes do ensino superior em Portugal
Authors: Santos Cassio Cabral , Pedro Neuza Sofia Guerreiro , Mattar João
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o nível de competência digital dos docentes do ensino superior em Portugal. A metodologia utilizada foi um survey, envolvendo um questionário online de autoavaliação, baseado no DigCompEdu, framework desenvolvido e validado na União Europeia. O survey coletou dados em três dimensões: pessoal (gênero, nível de formação, faixa etária e tempo de carreira), docência (ciclo de ensino e modalidade de ensino) e institucional (tipo de ensino, tipo de estabelecimento e região administrativa). O questionário foi respondido por 695 participantes. A análise de dados envolveu a aplicação de técnicas estatísticas como teste t-student e ANOVA. Os resultados apontaram um nível de proficiência intermediário nas competências digitais dos docentes. Não foram detectados efeitos estatisticamente significativos de variáveis como: gênero, faixa etária, tempo de carreira, tipo de estabelecimento e região administrativa. Entretanto, professores com maior nível de formação e que lecionam em níveis de ensino superiores (mestrado e doutorado), a distância e em estabelecimentos politécnicos apresentaram maior nível de competência digital. O estudo identificou necessidades relativas ao desenvolvimento de frameworks que contemplem a educação superior online e o desenvolvimento de formação continuada de professores para promover melhorias no nível de proficiência digital dos docentes.
Contribuições do enfermeiro para o apoio matricial em saúde mental na atenção básica
Authors: Pinheiro Guilherme Emanuel Weiss , Kantorski Luciane Prado
Published: July 2021

Objetivo: identificar as contribuições do enfermeiro no contexto do apoio matricial em saúde mental na atenção básica. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, com base na Avaliação de Quarta Geração, realizada com trabalhadores dos núcleos de apoio matricial e das equipes de referência de um município do sul do Brasil. Foram realizadas 84 horas de observação, 15 entrevistas e dois grupos de validação dos dados, entre dezembro de 2018 e fevereiro de 2019. A análise ocorreu pelo método comparativo constante.  Resultados: o enfermeiro contribui com o apoio matricial à medida que atua na inclusão dos núcleos junto às equipes, no exercício do gerenciamento e da liderança, do cuidado compartilhado e na mediação das ações de saúde mental no território. Conclusão: a liderança do enfermeiro é decisiva, pois ao concentrar funções de gerenciamento e assistência, colabora na construção de alternativas de cuidado às pessoas em sofrimento mental na atenção básica.
The law of the oikos: Jacques Derrida and the deconstruction of the dwelling
Authors: Vitale Francesco
Published: July 2021

This paper sketches out the essential lines of a work in progress that aims at following the path opened up by Derrida on the deconstruction of dwelling. I intend to show how Derrida's concern for architecture is strictly bound to the urgency of deconstruction of dwelling that inhabits his work from at least Plato's Pharmacy (1966) on. According to Derrida, both philosophy and architecture are subordinated to an archaic conception of dwelling, which still haunts our way of thinking and building the dwelling (territory, city, house) and, thus, affects the political dimension of our life.
Extracutaneous mastocytoma of colon: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chu Min Su , Kim Eui Joong
Published: July 2021

Extracutaneous mastocytoma is a rare benign tumor composed of mature mast cells and is located in tissues other than the skin. We report the case of a 61-year-old male who was diagnosed with extracutaneous mastocytoma via colonoscopic polypectomy and biopsy. To our knowledge, this was the first case of a solitary extracutaneous mastocytoma of the colon. We reported this case and reviewed the literature.
Mission critical voice start-of-word correction for access delay measurement system
Authors: Magrogan William , Pieper Jaden , Soetan Zainab
Published: July 2021

NIST s Public Safety Communications Research (PSCR) division previously developed an access time measurement method for push-to-talk (PTT) communications systems. This paper introduces a correction term, called the start of word correction, to address a systemic error in the original measurement method. This error can be caused by extraneous audio prior to the start of a Modified Rhyme Test (MRT) keyword in the test audio clips thatwere developed for the access time measurement. Example measurements were performed using the start of word correction to quantify its affect on access time measurements.
Right Atrial Blood Cyst Mimicking a Vegetative Mass
Authors: Lee Sun Hack , Choi Jung Hyun
Published: July 2021

A 79-year-old woman presented to another hospital with complaints of right leg pain. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the spine was performed in the other hospital, which showed an abscess in the right iliacus muscle. She was referred to our hospital because of a mass in the right atrium on echocardiography. Inflammatory markers were elevated, and Staphylococcus aureus were identified in blood cultures. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a shaggy mass in the right atrium that resembled vegetation. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a large cystic mass with a hyperechoic lesion. After surgery, biopsy results indicated that it was a myxoid mass with cystic changes.
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension following Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Malfunction in Infant Hydrocephalus
Authors: Ahn Sangjun , Lee Jae Meen , Kim Young Mi , Jeon Hyeshin , Choi Chang Hwa
Published: July 2021

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a syndrome defined by elevated intracranial pressure without any abnormal findings. In the present study, we report a rare case of IIH in a patient after ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) due to infant hydrocephalus. A 13-year-old girl with a history of VPS due to infant hydrocephalus was admitted to emergency room with the complaint of severe headache and visual disturbance. Brain computed tomography showed normal findings. However, based on the measurement by lumbar puncture, her cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure was observed to be very high. The shunt function test revealed a VPS malfunction. Thus, we conducted VPS revision in this patient. All symptoms improved immediately after the revision. Thus, it is proposed that IIH should be considered for patients with visual disturbance and severe headache after VPS due to infant hydrocephalus without ventriculomegaly.
Od obrazovanja do neobrazovanja: tri teorije
Authors: Galić Ana
Published: July 2021

U izdanju Instituta za filozofiju i društvenu teoriju Univerziteta u Beogradu i Akademske knjige Novi Sad, biblioteka MINIMA je 2020. godine objavila knjigu naziva Od obrazovanja do neobrazovanja: tri teorije Vilhelma Fon Humbolta, Teodor V. Adorna i Konrada Paula Lismana. Teorije su preveli, priredili i uvodnu studiju napisali Igor Cvejić i Predrag Krstić, a recenzije su uradili Milica Sekulić, Olga Nikolić i Đurđa Trajković. Knjiga ima 150 stranica i sastavljena je od predgovora, tri prevoda, a na kraju knjige, pobrojana su izdanja biblioteke MINIMA.
Type VI secretion system killing by commensal Neisseria is influenced by expression of type four pili
Authors: Custodio Rafael , Ford Rhian M , Ellison Cara J , Liu Guangyu , Mickute Gerda , Tang Christoph M , Exley Rachel M
Published: July 2021

Type VI Secretion Systems (T6SSs) are widespread in bacteria and can dictate the development and organisation of polymicrobial ecosystems by mediating contact dependent killing. In Neisseria species, including Neisseria cinerea a commensal of the human respiratory tract, interbacterial contacts are mediated by Type four pili (Tfp) which promote formation of aggregates and govern the spatial dynamics of growing Neisseria microcolonies. Here, we show that N. cinerea expresses a plasmid-encoded T6SS that is active and can limit growth of related pathogens. We explored the impact of Tfp on N. cinerea T6SS-dependent killing within a colony and show that pilus expression by a prey strain enhances susceptibility to T6SS compared to a non-piliated prey, by preventing segregation from a T6SS-wielding attacker. Our findings have important implications for understanding how spatial constraints during contact-dependent antagonism can shape the evolution of microbial communities.
Anti-inflammatory and antiaging properties of chlorogenic acid on UV-induced fibroblast cell
Authors: Girsang Ermi , Ginting Chrismis N. , Lister I Nyoman Ehrich , Gunawan Kamila yashfa , Widowati Wahyu
Published: July 2021

Background

Skin aging is the most common dermatological problem caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factor, such as exposure to (ultraviolet) UV rays. Chlorogenic acid (CA) is a phenolic compound which is known for its antioxidant properties against oxidative stress.

Objective

This study investigates the antiaging and anti-inflammatory properties of CA on UV-induced skin fibroblast cells.

Methods

Anti-inflammatory properties of CA were assessed by measuring inflammatory-related proteins IL-1β and TNF-α, while antiaging properties of CA were assessed by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, live and necrotic cells, and COL-3 gene expression level.

Results

Treating UV-induced skin fibroblast cells with CA decreased the level of ROS, IL-1β, TNF-α, apoptotic cells, and necrotic cells and increased live cells and COL-3 gene expression.

Conclusion

CA has the potential as the protective compound against inflammation and aging by decreasing the level ROS, pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, apoptotic cells, and necrotic cells and by increasing live cells and COL-3 gene expression.
Construction and validation of a 15-gene ferroptosis signature in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tu Guangxu , Peng Weilin , Cai Qidong , Zhao Zhenyu , Peng Xiong , He Boxue , Zhang Pengfei , Shi Shuai , Tao Yongguang , Wang Xiang
Published: July 2021

Background

Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by the excessive accumulation of intracellular iron and an increase in reactive oxygen species. Emerging studies have shown that ferroptosis plays a vital role in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma, but the effect of ferroptosis-related genes on prognosis has been poorly studied. The purpose of this study was to explore the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes.

Methods

Lung adenocarcinoma samples were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression algorithm was used to establish a predictive signature for risk stratification. Kaplan–Meier (K–M) survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were conducted to evaluate the signature. We further explored the potential correlation between the risk score model and tumor immune status.

Results

A 15-gene ferroptosis signature was constructed to classify patients into different risk groups. The overall survival (OS) of patients in the high-risk group was significantly shorter than that of patients in the low-risk group. The signature could predict OS independent of other risk factors. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) identified the difference in immune status between the two groups. Patients in the high-risk group had stronger immune suppression, especially in the antigen presentation process.

Conclusions

The 15-gene ferroptosis signature identified in this study could be a potential biomarker for prognosis prediction in lung adenocarcinoma. Targeting ferroptosis might be a promising therapeutic alternative for lung adenocarcinoma.
Performance Improvement of Smoke-Control System Using CONTAMW
Authors: Kim Bu-Gon , Choi Ki-Ok , Choi Don-Mook
Published: July 2021

In the event of a fire in a building equipped with air-pressure smoke-control equipment, if the smoke-control system is operated with a closed fire door, then the smoke discharge results in difficulty in opening the door. In this study, an optimal solution was devised to solve the problem of negative pressure generation in building corridors, and the proposed solution was verified using CONTAMW, a numerical analysis program for smoke-retardant facilities. Thus, it was confirmed that negative pressure in a corridor could be resolved by installing flap and automotive pressure dampers between the corridor and annex.
Study on Thermal Accumulation Risk of e-Cigarettes According to Heating Coil Shape
Authors: Kim Jinsun , Kim Sung-Woo , Kwon Seong-Pil
Published: July 2021

In this study, factors affecting the degree of heat accumulation and amount of carbonyl compound production of e-cigarettes were studied. Structurally, e-cigarettes consist of an electronic circuit device and a cartomizer. The liquid solution of the e-cigarette is vaporized by a coil in the cartomizer, where heat accumulation and carbonyl compound production occur. The relationship between the two were analyzed according to the shape of the coil. X-ray images of the coil shapes within the cartomizer were obtained and classified according to the relative widths of the coils. The degree of heat accumulation and amount of carbonyl compound generation were examined via inhale and exhale tests. The relationships among the relative width of the coil, degree of heat accumulation, and amount of carbonyl compound generation were derived. For optimal design of the cartomizer, it is suggested that the relative width of the coil be set to to 5 or more.
Effects of User Dependence on the Prediction Results of Visibility in Fire Simulations
Authors: Han Ho-Sik , Mun Sun-Yeo , Hwang Cheol-Hong
Published: July 2021

To improve the reliability of safety assessments in domestic performance-based designs (PBDs), the problem of the input parameters being dependent on fire-simulation users was quantitatively analyzed. Thus, the results of statistical analyses of domestic PBD reports evaluated over the last 5 years were examined. It was determined that the uncertainties of the input parameters might have a relatively larger influence on the statistical deviations than the measurement uncertainties. Accordingly, a sensitivity analysis was performed by considering the statistical deviations of the input parameters that could greatly influence the prediction results of visibility, which are important for the available safe egress time. The main results were as follows: a large change in visibility was observed owing to deviations of the heat release rate and soot yield. Based on this study, it is expected that more accurate results can be obtained if the objectivity of input parameters determined by user dependence can be secured in domestic PBDs.
A Study of the Direction of Evacuation Evaluation According to the Fire Alarm Method in Performance-Based Design
Authors: Hur Jun-Ho , Jeong Keesin
Published: July 2021

In performance-based design applied to domestic buildings, when evaluating evacuation by fire alarm, safety evaluation by single-floor horizontal evacuation contradicts the priority alarm method of the immediately upper and four higher floors, which is the fire alarm standard of the current firefighting design, making it difficult to improve evacuation safety through safety in performance-based design. Therefore, by analyzing the domestic fire alarm design standards and evaluating the evacuation simulation case by case for a single floor, immediate upper floor, and four floors directly above, the evacuation evaluation is performed through priority alarm evacuation according to the size of the building. It was judged to be suited to actual conditions. Therefore, a performance-based design is proposed as a method of evaluating evacuation safety by including the floor classification and providing an evacuation personnel calculation reflecting the priority alarm method above according to the size of the building and an analysis of congestion and evacuation delay phenomena.
INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY OF BROWN FIELD STUDY TO INCREASE PRODUCTION AND OIL RECOVERY
Authors: Zhdanov I.A. , Pakhomov E.S. , Aslanyan A.M. , Farakhova R.R. , Gulyaev D.N. , Gainutdinova L.I. , Garnyshev M.Yu. , Guss R.V.
Published: July 2021

Paper presents the results of integrated analysis of historically available data and additional field studies at the brown field. The results of the analysis increase the reliability of the geological and hydrodynamic reservoir model, current recovery and identification of areas, which are most promising for production enhancement operations for production increase and recovery increase. The integrated analysis of available data includes such tools as prelaminar data analysis of production and pressure changes (Prime) for high level reserves localization, multiwell retrospective testing (MRT) and pulsecode testing (PCT) for evaluation of reservoir geology, sweep efficiency and current reservoir saturation, geological and hydrodynamic reservoir modeling including petrofacies and model adaptation to the production logging, MRT, PCT and well-testing findings, multi-scenario development planning (MSDP) for the most economically profitable operations recommendation and supervision of their implementation. MSDP is based on the usage by several teams of reservoir engineers web-facility PloyPlan, which automatically translates the field activities (like drilling, workover, conversion, surveillance, etc.) into the model runs and reverts back with production and surveillance results and financial statements, based on which it is easy to choose the most profitable field operations. Up to today Prime analysis, field studies and reservoir model calibration on their results are finished.
POST-INVESTMENT REVIEW OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROJECTS IN OIL AND GAS: GAZPROM NEFT UPSTREAM APPROACH
Authors: Filimonova V.R. , Shushkov A.V. , Zmienko D.S. , Rabaev M.U. , Kuzmin G.S. , Brusentsev O.B.
Published: July 2021

In the world of continuous change and volatility, benefits and results of investments made by companies into research and development (R&D) projects have to be transparent for management of a company in order to make timely and appropriate investment decisions. The paper discusses prospects of post-implementation review of R&D projects, process complications the company faced and its interaction with key related processes of the technology strategy: diffusion among affiliated companies, education and commercialization. Any technology project strives to deliver both technological and economic benefits to a company. While technological success is usually the focus of a project manager, the economical results are overseen by the management of a company and used as a source for action. An overview of best industrial practices is given, later compared to the approach employed by the upstream division of Gazprom Neft company. The latter presents general process and key principles, including process initiation triggers, stages and KPIs used for the monitoring. The importance of technology diffusion is discussed, specifically the impact of technology readiness level on the success of a project is considered as well as necessity to develop “fail fast” culture in the company in order to have higher success ratio. Interconnection between the diffusion of a technology and the amount of intellectual property created by the technology is studied. The need for alignment to the company’s strategies by the project teams is revealed as well as continuous education methods are presented. The conclusion contains results and ways for improvement of the postimplementation review process in the company.
ACHIMOV REGIONAL MODEL AS A BUSINESS TOOL FOR FORMING A PORTFOLIO OF NEW OPTIONS FOR GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION IN WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Timirgalin A.A. , Butorina M.G. , Novikov N.O. , Volkov G.V. , Mukminov I.R. , Parfenov N.A.
Published: July 2021

The resource base of Western Siberia needs to be replenished to maintain the current development indicators. The reserves associated with the classic structural traps were diagnosed and mapped for the main horizons in Western Siberia. Replenishment of the resource base at the expense of such reserves is ineffective due to the fact that undiscovered traps of these types are thin, or lie at great depths, which ultimately negatively affects the quality of the resource base and the economic efficiency of their involvement in development. The driver of the growth and replenishment of the resource base under current conditions is the Achimov deposits, which are ubiquitous in this area at depths of 2500–3500 m and are genetically deep-water deposits of fans. The advantage of involving these deposits in development is often associated with the confinement to existing assets, where production is carried out from above and below-lying geological objects, the complexity is associated with the lithological type of traps, which is not diagnosed by direct analysis of seismic materials, as well as the extremely poor knowledge of the deposits over the area. Considering that the variability of properties over the area is a distinctive feature of Achimov deposits, the factor of poor knowledge by drilling significantly complicates the understanding of the potential of the deposits. In order to identify and assess the most promising areas for involvement in the development of the Achimov deposits, in PJSC Gazprom Neft the work “Regional assessment and zonal study of the prospects for oil and gas potential of the Achimov formation in the Western Siberia” was carried out. The goal and objectives is to form a reliable tool for searching and forecasting potential options using the generated regional maps of criteria (various characteristic properties and their combinations) built on the basis of data generalization throughout Western Siberia.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACH, PECULIARITY AND COMPLEXITY OF THE OIL RIM DEVELOPMENT UNDER CONDITION OF ABNORMAL LOW RESERVOIR PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE: THE CASE OF CHAYANDINSKOYE OILFIELD, EASTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Nigamatov Sh. , Ismagilova Л.Р. , Andronov S. , Markov A. , Boshchenko А.Н. , Lapaev V. , Belysh A..
Published: July 2021

The oil rim reserves development suggests complexity in maintaining the balance of gas and oil withdrawals from the reservoir, choosing the optimal well design and geosteering, justifying well operation conditions, etc. In addition, gas and oil reservoir can be complicated by diagenetic alterations of deposits, blocked structure, abnormal thermobaric conditions. The paper presents the results of conceptual approach to the Botuobinskiy horizon’s oil rim development design at the Chayandinskoye oil and gas condensate field with the presence of the above complications. This experience can be applied to assess the majority of fields in Eastern Siberia.
DEVELOPMENT OF RISK MANAGEMENT APPROACHES IN FIELD DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS: CORRECTIONAL RESISTANCE TECHNIQUE
Authors: Melnikova E.F.
Published: July 2021

The article considers а mathematical model of analyzing the feasibility of an upstream project (correctional resistance model), including the formation of redundancy for correction’s implementation aimed at increasing the probability of project execution within the target efficiency metrics to the desired value of the project realization probability, as a result it allows to speak about the transition to a qualitatively new level of cooperation between stakeholders of the project, including through partnerships. This approach is applicable at all stages of oilfield development project lifecycle, for the accumulation and improvement of the project knowledge base, which is valuable for each of the project participants and significantly increases with an integrated approach to the project management.
METHODOLOGY FOR TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE EFFECT OF CARBONATE CEMENT IN PREDICTING THE RESERVOIR PROPERTIES OF DEEP-SEATED RESERVOIRS IN WESTERN SIBERIA
Authors: Mikhailov S.P.. , Shtyrlyaeva A.A. , Voronin Yu.G. , Guryevskikh L.A.
Published: July 2021

The article proposes a method for normalizing neutron logging readings, considering the degree of carbonatization of rocks based on the use of lateral logging data. The presence of a large amount of carbonate cement leads to a decrease in the parameters of porosity and permeability, which cannot always be determined by standard methods for determining the reservoir properties by well logging. Recalculation of permeability, performed according to the proposed method, allows to consider the risks of low starting parameters in the areas affected by carbonatization.
Improvement of image resolution by combining enhanced confocal microscopy and quantum dot triexciton imaging
Authors: Hennig Simon , Manstein Dietmar J.
Published: July 2021

Super‐resolution fluorescence imaging provides critically improved information about the composition, organization, and dynamics of subcellular structures. Quantum dot triexciton imaging (QDTI) has been introduced as an easy‐to‐use sub‐diffraction imaging method that achieves an almost 2‐fold improvement in resolution when used with conventional confocal microscopes. Here, we report an overall 3‐fold increase in lateral and axial resolution compared to conventional confocal microscopes by combining QDTI with state‐of‐the‐art commercial laser scanning microscope systems.
A Mechanistic Probe into 1,2‐cis Glycoside Formation Catalyzed by Phenanthroline and Further Expansion of Scope
Authors: Li Jiayi , Nguyen Hien M.
Published: July 2021

Phenanthroline, a rigid and planar compound with two fused pyridine rings, has been used as a powerful ligand for metals and a binding agent for DNA/RNA. We discovered that phenanthroline could be used as a nucleophilic catalyst to efficiently access high yielding and diastereoselective α‐1,2‐cis glycosides through the coupling of hydroxyl acceptors with α‐glycosyl bromide donors. We have conducted an extensive investigation into the reaction mechanism, wherein the two glycosyl phenanthrolinium ion intermediates, a 4C1 chair‐liked β‐conformer and a B2,5 boat‐like α‐conformer, have been detected in a ratio of 2:1 (β:α) using variable temperature NMR experiments. Furthermore, NMR studies illustrate that a hydrogen bonding is formed between the second nitrogen atom of phenanthroline and the C1‐anomeric hydrogen of sugar moiety to stabilize the phenanthrolinium ion intermediates. To obtain high α‐1,2‐cis stereoselectivity, a Curtin‐Hammett scenario was proposed wherein interconversion of the 4C1 chair‐like β‐conformer and B2,5 boat‐like α‐conformer is more rapid than nucleophilic addition. Hydroxyl attack takes place from the α‐face of the more reactive 4C1 β‐phenanthrolinium intermediate to give an α‐anomeric product. The utility of the phenanthroline catalysis is expanded to sterically hindered hydroxyl nucleophiles and chemoselective coupling of an alkyl hydroxyl group in the presence of a free C1‐hemiacetal. In addition, the phenanthroline‐based catalyst has a pronounced effect on site‐selective couplings of triol motifs and orthogonally activates the anomeric bromide leaving group over the anomeric fluoride and sulfide counterparts.

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BODIPY‐Based Photodynamic Agents for Exclusively Generating Superoxide Radical over Singlet Oxygen
Authors: Teng Kun‐Xu , Chen Wen‐Kai , Niu Li‐Ya , Fang Wei‐Hai , Cui Ganglong , Yang Qing‐Zheng
Published: July 2021

Developing Type‐I photosensitizers is considered as an efficient approach to overcome the deficiency of traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT) for hypoxic tumors. However, it remains a challenge to design photosensitizers for generating reactive oxygen species by the Type‐I process. Herein, we report a series of α,β‐linked BODIPY dimers and a trimer that exclusively generate superoxide radical (O2−.) by the Type‐I process upon light irradiation. The triplet formation originates from an effective excited‐state relaxation from the initially populated singlet (S1) to triplet (T1) states via an intermediate triplet (T2) state. The low reduction potential and ultralong lifetime of the T1 state facilitate the efficient generation of O2−. by inter‐molecular charge transfer to molecular oxygen. The energy gap of T1‐S0 is smaller than that between 3O2 and 1O2 thereby precluding the generation of singlet oxygen by the Type‐II process. The trimer exhibits superior PDT performance under the hypoxic environment.
Synergistical Dipole–Dipole Interaction Induced Self‐Assembly of Phenoxazine‐Based Hole‐Transporting Materials for Efficient and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Cai Ning , Li Fengzhu , Chen Yatong , Luo Ruixi , Hu Tonghui , Lin Francis , Yiu Shek‐Man , Liu Danjun , Lei Dangyuan , Zhu Zonglong , Jen Alex K.‐Y.
Published: July 2021

Delicately designed dopant‐free hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) with ordered structure have become one of the major strategies to achieve high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we report two donor‐π linker‐donor (D‐π‐D) HTMs, N01 and N02, which consist of facilely synthesized 4,8‐di(n‐hexyloxy)‐benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene as a π linker, with 10‐bromohexyl‐10H‐phenoxazine and 10‐hexyl‐10H‐phenoxazine as donors, respectively. The N01 molecules form a two‐dimensional conjugated network governed by C−H⋅⋅⋅O and C−H⋅⋅⋅Br interaction between phenoxazine donors, and synchronously construct a three‐dimension lamellar structure with the aid of interlaminar π–π interaction. Consequently, N01 as a dopant‐free small‐molecule HTM exhibits a higher intrinsic hole mobility and more favorable interfacial properties for hole transport, hole extraction and perovskite growth, enabling an inverted PSC to achieve a very impressive power conversion efficiency of 21.85 %.
Cultivating practices of inclusion towards same‐sex families in Italy: A comparison among educators, social workers, and healthcare professionals
Authors: Everri Marina , Mancini Tiziana , O'Brien Valerie , Fruggeri Laura
Published: July 2021

LGB+ parented families in recent years are becoming more visible, but limited information exists about how professionals interact with people in these family forms. This study used the framework of intergroup contact theory to investigate whether contact with lesbians and gay men, same‐sex couples, and same‐sex parents respectively increase inclusive practices towards same‐sex families, and whether this association is mediated by professionals' prejudice and endorsement of same‐sex families' rights. A questionnaire with scales on: (a) intergroup contact, (b) professionals' orientation towards same‐sex families' inclusive practices, (c) professionals' prejudices, and (d) support of same‐sex couples' rights was administered to 460 professionals (9.8% males) working in social (N = 103), education (N = 156), and healthcare (N = 201) services in Italy. Path analysis was used to test the prediction that contact increases professionals' intention to embrace inclusive practices towards same‐sex families through the mediation of both prejudice and support to same‐sex couples' rights to have and raise children. Results showed that contact reduced prejudices towards same‐sex families and increased the endorsement of same‐sex families' rights, which in turn favoured professionals' willingness to modify their practices to include these family forms. Implications for the training and development of inclusive models are discussed. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.