bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
II Congreso Internacional y XV Seminario Internacional del mundo de trabajo y de la seguridad social 'Reconstrucción del valor de los derechos sociales como resultado de la crisis por Covid-19’. De la oficina al hogar: nuevos paradigmas del derecho laboral en tiempos de pandemia
Authors: Liliana Andrea Vargas Espitia
Published: January 2021

Durante los últimos meses, alrededor del mundo, la institución del trabajo ha venido cambiando y transformándose a una velocidad inesperada. Si bien los recursos electrónicos e informáticos han permitido dicha transformación y nos acompañan en nuestras labores diarias desde hace varios años, fue la necesidad de controlar los contagios originados por la pandemia del COVID-19 la que nos condujo a la implementación del famoso trabajo en casa. Debemos partir de la premisa de que el trabajo en casa no puede equipararse al teletrabajo pues el trabajo en casa no contiene los elementos, requisitos y formalidades establecidos en la Ley 1221 de 2008 y el Decreto 884 de 2012, normas reguladoras del Teletrabajo, sino que por el contrario obedece a una medida para disminuir el riesgo de contagio, que restringe el derecho de reunión y que fue adoptada con extrema urgencia sin medir los efectos positivos o negativos que ello podría conllevar. De acuerdo con lo dispuesto en la circular 21 de 2020 del Ministerio de Trabajo, el trabajo en casa atiende al carácter ocasional, temporal y excepcional de la situación actual y consiste en la posibilidad del empleador para autorizar la ejecución de la prestación personal del servicio del trabajador desde su lugar de residencia, siempre y cuando ello sea posible, lo cual dependerá en principio de la actividad ejecutada por el trabajador y del sector económico del empleador. Esta diferencia es de vital importancia en la medida en que el trabajo en casa tal y como ya se mencionó se establece como una alternativa en la circular 21 del 17 de marzo del año en curso y solo dos (2) meses después, esto es el 2 de junio con la circular 41, el Ministerio del Trabajo brinda una serie de lineamientos para desarrollar de esa manera la labor, sin que existan reglas de orden legal que regulen esta nueva modalidad de ejecutar la prestación personal del servicio por parte del trabajador, mientras que para que opere el teletrabajo debe procederse conforme con lo dispuesto en la Ley 1221 de 2018.
Islamic Beliefs About Milk Kinship and Donor Human Milk in the United States
Authors: Subudhi Sonia , Sriraman Natasha
Published: January 2021

Milk kinship is an Islamic belief that human milk creates a kinship between the breastfeeding woman and her nonbiological nursing infant (as well as the woman’s biological nursing infants) prohibiting future marriages between “milk brothers and sisters.” As such, Muslim families in the Western world may be reluctant to use donor human milk from human milk banks given the anonymity and multiplicity of donors. Health care providers for the mother-newborn dyad should be aware of this belief to have respectful, informed conversations with Muslim families and appropriately advocate for healthy newborn feeding. With this article, we outline the basis of milk kinship in Islamic beliefs, explore religious and bioethical interpretations of milk kinship, and provide information for physicians and other health care workers to become more knowledgeable about this practice.
La responsabilidad social de la propiedad
Authors: Argandoña-Ramiz Antonio
Published: January 2021

La función social de la propiedad ha ido perdiendo relieve en la ética privada, social y económica, hasta convertirse en un conjunto de actuaciones del Estado orientadas a un objetivo de igualdad económica y de concordia social. Con ello se ha perdido una dimensión importante de la institución social de la propiedad. En este trabajo se intenta un paralelismo entre la Responsabilidad Social de la Empresa y la Responsabilidad Social de la Propiedad, a fin de entender los cambios que el concepto de propiedad privada ha experimentado a lo largo del tiempo, cómo ha repercutido esto en la manera de entender su responsabilidad social y cómo se podría definir esta hoy en día.
La responsabilidad como primera dimensión ética según Leonardo Polo
Authors: Sellés-Dauder Juan-Fernando
Published: January 2021

La raíz de la responsabilidad ética es el acto de ser personal; nace del amar, cuyas dimensiones son aceptar, la superior, y dar, la inferior, y está vinculada al conocer y a la libertad personales; se manifiesta primero en el ápice de la esencia del hombre, el hábito innato de la sindéresis, y después en sus laderas: la razón y la voluntad; y finalmente en las acciones transitivas humanas y en las obras que éstas posibilitan, las cuales están a expensas de se ser aceptadas por el ser divino.
Antara Yogyakarta dan Jakarta: Campur Kode dan Domestikasi Bahasa Jawa dalam Iklan Tokopedia
Authors: Abdullah Asep Abbas , Muadibah Munfa’ati , Widyaningsih Miranti , Jamiah Assolatu
Published: January 2021

The sociolinguistic paradigm forms the background of this study. Code switching in advertisements is an interesting thing because it actually shows the interrelation between major and minor languages which are in Indonesian and Javanese. On the other hand, code switching is a linguistic phenomenon that is closely related to certain social situations. The object in this study is the Tokopedia advertisement "Berani Tentukan Mimpi: Lanjutkan Mimpi atau Ubah Mimpi". The method of the study is qualitative based on video advertisements in the Youtube channel. Based on the results of the analysis, it is concluded that the linguistic event (code switching) is Tokopedia's strategy in imaging itself, increasing the interest of producers and consumers in making transactions in the marketplace at once.
Pesantren, Perempuan, dan Subaltern dalam Perempuan Berkalung Sorban dan Hati Suhita
Authors: Haryanti Novi Diah , Fakhriyah Farah Nur
Published: January 2021

This study aims to describe the phenomenon of matchmaking among pesantren. Abidah El Khalieqy's novel Perempuan Berkalung Sorban and Khilma Anis' Hati Suhita are the objects of study. The method used is descriptive qualitative. The data collection technique is done by analyzing the data interpretation. The type of data collected is a library. The approach used is sociology of literature. The data discussed in this study include: (1) comparison of the narrative structure of the two novels above, (2) matchmaking at the pesantren in the two novels, (3) matchmaking between two people and two pesantren, and (4) marriage satisfaction.Research result show Matchmaking in pesantren is usually done because of the interests or goals that benefit one of the parties. MatchmakinginThe two novels originated from compulsion that led to divorce and sadness, especially on the part of women.
English Academic Discourse in Translinguistic Context: Corpus-Based Study of Lexical Markers
Authors: Kochetova Larisa , Ilyinova Elena
Published: January 2021

The paper applies the Matrix method to an investigation into translinguistic features of English academic discourse that is serving worldwide a means of cross-cultural exchange between researchers with translingual skills. Based on the corpus approach to the comparison of the two corpora that comprise samples of professional academic writing in various fields of study (Art and Humanity, Natural and Social sciences), the paper seeks to identify both quantitatively and qualitatively correlations in repertoire and frequencies of recurrent linguistic expressions between the native English-language and non-native (Russian) academic discourse performers. The corpora were investigated along with the use of lexical bundles, re-occurring lexical units, which were grouped into noun-based and preposition-based phrases with post-modifier fragments, verb-based phrases with any form of verb components. The data comparison points to a code-mixing trend at the syntagmatic layer, which is a translingual fusion of English words in accord with a mixture of syntagmatic relations typical of English and Russian variations of academic discourse. It was found that non-native writing does not reveal as much lexical flexibility as native writers do and to a large extent relies on formulaic expressions, most of which are not conventional for expert native academic writing. Native Russian writers use excessively noun-based phrases with abstract nouns and underuse noun phrases without prepositions. Verb phrases with that- and to-clauses are mainly characteristic of native professional writing whereas non-native writing employs patterns with active verbs and passive constructions. It was found that non-native writing lacks quantifying phrases and hedging expressions that mitigate the proposition.
Lexical Hedging in English Abstracts of Russian Research Articles on Economics: A Corpus-Based Study
Authors: Mikolaychik Margarita
Published: January 2021

An important area of academic English competence, the use of hedges in various regional varieties of English, has been the subject of numerous cross-cultural studies worldwide. However, hedging in the Russian variety of English as an academic lingua franca remains largely under-researched. This paper reports the results of a corpus-based study of lexical hedges in English abstracts of 200 Russian research articles published over the past few years in the leading national Journals of Economics. The data obtained in this research are compared to the findings of an earlier similarly designed study of British and American abstracts, shedding light on the peculiarities of lexical hedging use by Russian authors. Quantitative corpus linguistics methods are used, notably statistical analysis of corpus frequency data based on Dunning's log-likelihood test. Our analysis shows that although Russian economics research writers employ quite a wide range of lexical hedging devices – largely over 70% – coinciding with those used by native English writers, they use most categories of lexical hedges (modal verbs, adverbials, quantifiers and full verbs) less frequently while employing hedging nouns more frequently than their British and American counterparts. The findings can be useful for further research into hedging in the abstracts of scientific articles on other disciplines as well as for teaching English research abstract writing to Russian speakers.
Genre Parametrization of Receipt in the Middle 18th Century (With Reference to “Mikhailovsky Stanitsa Ataman” Archive)
Authors: Sheptukhina Elena
Published: January 2021

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to create linguistic corpora of historical sources – the acts and other documents of limited accessibility, which are stored in regional archives. The material for the work was the fund of Mikhailovsky village ataman of the State Archive of the Volgograd Region (SAVR, fund 332). The variety of genres, the documents of the fund belong to, determines elaboration of criteria for their genre parameterization aimed at their automatic identification. Thus, parametrization of receipts dating back to 1752 and 1753 has been carried out in the article. In the system of Cossack Don Host area administrative communication, the receipts are noted to have been assertive documents, which conveyed official and personal information. The speech means of expressing genre parameters determined by the communicative situation and correlated with the document form are identified: name, addresser, addressee, function, structure, the type of transmitted information, spatio-temporal localization of the document. The variability of speech embodiment of the receipt form is shown. The genre speech markers, significant for meta-marking, include: the self-name of the document in combination with a demonstrative or possessive pronoun (сию расписку / this receipt); verb forms expressing an alleged action; addresser's signature, regarded as a document identification marker. The set of markers relevant for meta-marking might be extended, conditioned by the range of sources growth and contrasting the receipts with the documents of some other genres.
Institutional restrictions on the development of inter-municipal cooperation at the subregional level (for example, the Yangantau Geopark)
Authors: Khuzhakhmetova Gul’nara
Published: January 2021

The article examines the institutional limitations of intermunicipal cooperation at the subregional level on the example of the UNESCO Yangantau Geopark, which consist in the flaw in formal institutions and gaps in the current legislation. The realities of the modern economy set the tone from competition from neighboring regions to cooperation and cooperation. According to the Strategy for Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, measures to strengthen interregional interaction include the development and implementation of strategies for the
socio-economic development of macroregions. The formation of such macroregions should have an institutional basis and should take into account some principles: to be neighboring regions, to be able to develop common infrastructure and complement each other in terms of socio-economic development. Institutional constraints in intermunicipal cooperation of the Republic of Bashkortostan and neighboring regions in the field of tourism and environmental protection measures are associated with the development of the system-wide infrastructure, the tourist destination of territories. In the Salavat region of the Republic of Bashkortostan, there is the Yangantau resort, which meets the highest standards, a geopark is also located here. On the example of a geopark, the degree of development of the tourism business of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Chelyabinsk region is considered. The territory is located within the boundaries of the municipal districts: Salavatsky, Nurimanovsky, Kiginsky, Duvansky and borders on the municipalities of the Chelyabinsk region Ashinsky,
Katav-Ivanovsky, Ust-Katav, Satkinsky. In these municipalities, depopulation processes are observed, characteristic of depressed territories, and the level of unemployment is high. The author presents statistical material on the indicators of the unemployment rate in this region. One of the institutional limitations of the pandemic period is that the service sector, like other types of service, is subject to rapid decline and slow recovery. The author also attaches great importance to the development of transport, logistics and engineering infrastructure. There are road and rail links in this area. Federal highway M-5, which is the main highway here, is overloaded and massive accidents happen on it. At the moment, the track is being reconstructed.
A sustentabilidade ambiental, econômica e social nas clínicas e consultórios odontológicos: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Bringmann Deise Renata , Gamba Thiago de Oliveira , Gullo Maria Carolina Rosa
Published: January 2021

Não apenas no Brasil, mas há um movimento mundial em busca de uma sustentabilidade ambiental, devido à escassez de recursos naturais. Portanto, esta pesquisa questiona: A sustentabilidade ambiental, econômica e social está inserida nas clínicas e consultórios odontológicos? A fim de responder à questão norteadora deste estudo, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática na literatura seguindo as diretrizes metodológicas delineadas pelo PRISMA. A busca pelos artigos ocorridos nas bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science e Scopus. Nesta pesquisa, foi criado, ainda, a literatura cinza. A estratégia de busca desenvolvida nas bases de dados identificou um total de 749 artigos.Desses, 647 artigos foram excluídos por não incluir clínicas ou consultórios odontológicos como objeto de estudo, e sim outras áreas da Saúde; além disso, 32 foram excluídos por estarem duplicados. Os 70 artigos fundidos foram elaborados à análise de texto completo; dos 53 estudos, 28 foram incluídos nesta pesquisa e 25 foram excluídos. De acordo com a literatura pesquisada, há interesse e esforço crescente entre os profissionais da Odontologia em busca de sustentabilidade nas clínicas odontológicas. Embora, muitas vezes, a falta de conhecimento e de informação não seja o problema, e sim pôr em tal conhecimento prática.
Steel fibers for replacing minimum reinforcement in beams under torsion
Authors: Facconi Luca , Minelli Fausto , Ceresa Paola , Plizzari Giovanni
Published: January 2021

This paper concerns an investigation on six large-scale Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) beams tested in pure torsion. All beams had longitudinal rebars to facilitate the well-known space truss resisting mechanism. However, in order to promote economic use of the material, the transverse reinforcement (i.e. stirrups/links) was varied in the six large scale beams. The latter contained either no stirrups, or the minimum amount of transverse reinforcement (according to Eurocode 2), or hooked-end steel fibers (25 or 50 kg/m3). Material characterization were also carried out to determine the performance parameters of SFRC. The results of this study show that SFRC with a post-cracking performance class greater than 2c (according to Model Code 2010) is able to completely substitute the minimum reinforcement required for resisting torsion. In fact, the addition of steel fibers contributes to significantly increase the maximum resisting torque and maximum twist when compared to the same specimen without fibers. Moreover, SFRC provides a rather high post-cracking stiffness and a steadier development of the cracking process as compared to classical RC elements. This phenomenon improves beam behavior at serviceability limit state. The experimental results are critically discussed and compared to available analytical models as well as with other tests available into the literature.
Analysis of the main ADHD diagnosis variables for children between 6-12 years of age
Authors: López Alonso Silvia
Published: January 2021

La escolarización permite identificar posibles carencias en el desarrollo de los niños, ya que se comparan con sus compañeros. Algunos pueden tener dificultades para quedarse quietos y concentrarse en la tarea que tienen entre manos, mostrar niveles inadecuados de hiperactividad e impulsividad que incluso pueden interferir con el desarrollo del funcionamiento normal y los resultados académicos. ¿Cómo podemos saber si estos comportamientos son típicos del desarrollo natural y biológico de los niños, el resultado de una dificultad o trastorno de aprendizaje o una indicación de un trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH)? Objetivo: Analizar los diferentes protocolos de procedimientos estándar para evaluar y diagnosticar el TDAH en niños de 6 a 12 años. Método: Revisión sistemática de los diferentes tipos de evaluación utilizados para diagnosticar el TDAH en este grupo de población. Resultados: Se ha observado que el TDAH es un trastorno neurobiológico crónico con una alta comorbilidad. El diagnóstico, exclusivamente clínico, debe considerar la historia clínica más amplia de los niños para (a) evaluar los antecedentes personales, familiares y escolares; (b) completar un examen mental, físico y neurológico; (c) confirmar el diagnóstico diferencial y (d) utilizar los criterios de diagnóstico del DSM 5 y CIE-11-EMM. Conclusiones: Se proponen los ítems que deben incluirse en la evaluación realizada para diagnosticar el TDAH.
Riesgo social como factor de riesgo para la no adherencia farmacológica en pacientes con DM2 mayores de 65 años
Authors: Lara Morales Alfredo , Caudillo Ortega Lucía , Pratz Andrade Ma. Teresa , Montañez Frausto María Aurora , Moreno Pulido Ma. Elvira , Ramos Frausto Víctor Manuel
Published: January 2021

Objetivos: Establecer la influencia del riesgo social en la adherencia terapéutica al tratamiento farmacológico de la diabetes mellitus 2 (DM2) en mayores de 65 años. Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal a partir de las historias clínicas electrónicas de Atención Primaria en personas mayores de 65 años con DM2 de la Dirección Asistencial Norte de Madrid (n=26703). Se realizó análisis multivariante de regresión logística para la No Adherencia al Tratamiento (No AdhT) y para mal control de DM2, desagregado por sexo. Resultados: Un 33,7% tenían mal control de la DM2 y un 3,1% No AdhT. En modelos de regresión para el mal control de la DM2, lo aumentaba la No AdhT (OR: 1,64; IC95%: 1,07-2,51)). En ambos sexos, el riesgo social provoca una mayor falta de adherencia, en mujeres (5.7% vs. 1.9%, p = 0.000), hombres (7.5% vs. 2.3%, p = 0,000). En los modelos de regresión para la no AdhT, la aumentaba tener riesgo social (OR: 2.92, IC 95%: 1.61-5.30) en mujeres; riesgo social (OR = 3.52, IC 95% 1.90-6.52) se asoció con la no adherencia también en hombres. Conclusiones: En los mayores de 65 años con DM2, aunque el No AdhT es bajo, la prevalencia de control deficiente es alta. Para la no AdhT, el riesgo social se presenta como factor de riesgo para ambos sexos, pero tener depresión aumenta la no  AdhT en las mujeres y los síntomas de ansiedad en los hombres. Sin AdhT aumenta el riesgo de un control deficiente de DM2, especialmente en mujeres; además de no hacer dieta y tener sobrepeso/obesidad.
La calidad de vida de las personas mayores frágiles institucionalizas
Authors: Santamaría Peláez Mirian , González Bernal Jerónimo , González Santos Josefa , Soto Cámara Raúl
Published: January 2021

Estudio descriptivo y transversal que pretende estableces la relación de la situación de fragilidad en adultos mayores institucionalizados y la calidad de vida de los mismos en una muestra compuesta por 194 participantes. La fragilidad se mide con la herramienta Short Physical Performance Battery y la calidad de vida con la escala GENCAT; ambas con buenas propiedades psicométricas. Los resultados muestran que existen diferencias significativas entre los grupos de fragilidad en relación a la calidad de vida, tanto en su puntuación total como en cada una de sus subescalas. Además, tomando el valor numérico total de la escala SPPB, aparece una correlación estadísticamente significativa con la puntuación total en calidad de vida y con todas sus subescalas; de forma que, a medida que el estado de fragilidad avanza hacia la dependencia, la calidad de vida disminuye. Los resultados sugieren que, el síndrome de fragilidad, además de tratamientos encaminados a paliar el deterioro físico y funcional de las personas mayores, debería ser abordado igualmente desde las esferas social y emocional.
Estado del arte de la intervención con familias en atención temprana durante la última década en España
Authors: Rueda Aguilar Estrella Fátima
Published: January 2021

La intervención familiar supone un factor clave en la intervención de niños con cualquier tipo de discapacidad, por ello con este estudio se pretende revisar la literatura científica realizando una búsqueda bibliográfica que recoja los trabajos realizados sobre la familia en Atención Temprana. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos de Psicodoc y PsycInfo de las publicaciones académicas realizadas en los últimos diez años (2010-2019) en España, con los siguientes descriptores: “Atención Temprana” y “Familia”. Como resultado del proceso realizado se obtuvieron un total de 26 artículos. Los resultados presentados en este estudio permiten extraer diversas lecturas de interés tanto del contenido como de la productividad. Gran parte de los artículos revisados han intentado proporcionar una puesta al día de conceptos sobre la Atención Temprana, responder a preguntas sobre aspectos etiológicos, diagnósticos o terapéuticos,eincluso presentarcasosclínicoscon propuestas de intervenciones. Otra gran parte de los artículos analizados han sido estudios empíricos de diferentes metodologías cuyas temáticas han sido muy variadas, destacando los dedicados a los estilos de interacción entre los profesionales y las familias, las necesidades de formación y el desarrollo profesional de los trabajadores, la influencia de la discapacidad de un hijo en la familia, y la relación entre las interacciones de los progenitores con los hijos y el desarrollo adecuado infantil. En relación a la productividad, llama la atención que en la última década sólo se hallan encontrado 26 artículos de trabajo con familia contextualizados dentro de la Atencion Temprana en España. A pesar de la importancia del trabajo en familia resulta escasa la literatura que se centra en investigar sus prácticas.
VESTIBULAR SYMPTOMS AFTER COCHLEAR IMPLANTATION: CLINICAL OVERVIEW AFTER A 2-YEAR FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Sosna-Duranowska Magdalena , Tacikowska Grazyna , Gos Elżbieta , Skarżyński Piotr H. , Skarżyński Henryk
Published: January 2021

Background

Vestibular symptoms and balance disorders are still common complaints reported by the patients after cochlear implantation (CI). Much research has been devoted to assess dizzy patients after cochlear implantation using both self-prepared questionnaires as well as validated life-quality scales. From this work, various approaches to classifying symptoms according to their onset and duration have been recommended.

Material and methods

We studied 101 patients after round window approach (RWA) cochlear implantation giving them a self-prepared questionnaire asking them to list their major vestibular complaints formulated according to the consensus document of the Barany Society Committee for the classification of vestibular disorders. Those with persistent symptoms (both postoperatively and existing preoperatively) also filled in a DHI questionnaire. Additionally, cVEMP, oVEMP, caloric, and vHIT tests were performed before and after the CI procedure.

Results

The 101 patients were divided into four groups: with early symptoms (n = 25), with late symptoms (n = 2), with preoperative symptoms (n = 13), and with no symptoms (n = 61). Among the patients with early symptoms, 15 reported spontaneous vertigo attack, 6 only unsteadiness and/or lateropulsion, and 4 had other symptoms such as orthostatic vertigo, positional vertigo, visual tilt, and head-motion vertigo.

Conclusions

Close to 40% of the CI recipients suffered from vestibular complaints, either in the postoperative period or from already existing preoperative symptoms. The vast majority of postoperative complaints were transient and only rare cases (with preexisting inner ear pathologies and/or comorbidities) evolved into persistent dysfunction.
Мобильные приложения электронного правительства. Тенденции и перспективы развития
Authors: Низомутдинов Борис Абдуллохонович
Published: January 2021

В статье рассматриваются существующие государственные мобильные приложения. Цель исследования - оценка количества и качества государственных мобильных приложений в России, размещенных на специализированных электронных ресурсах, результаты их. Автор провел выборочное исследование мобильных приложений, размещенных на специализированных площадках для скачивания и установки. На основе полученных данных сделаны выводы о проблемах и перспективах развития инструментов мобильного правительства в России.
Мониторные публичные политические сетевые институции и их включение в процессы выработки политики: от конфронтации к кооперации
Authors: Носиков Андрей Андреевич
Published: January 2021

В статье излагается авторский подход к проблеме формирования в Web 2.0 пространстве мониторных публичных политических сетевых институций. На основе анализа кейсов автор приходит к выводу, что сегодня мониторные публичные политические сетевые институции находятся в состоянии конфронтации с органами государственной власти, при этом высоковероятна потенциальная эскалация конфликта. Далее автор моделирует ряд политических дизайнов, предполагающих включение мониторных публичных политических сетевых институций в процессы выработки управленческих решений, что потенциально способно нивелировать возможную конфронтацию и повысить качество публичного управления.
Возможности и реалии участия граждан в принятии политических решений в современной России
Authors: Ветренко Инна Александровна
Published: January 2021

В тезисах доклада дается анализ проблем процесса участия граждан в принятии политических решений, актуальность которого сегодня возрастает в связи с перманентной административной реформой и реформой системы местного самоуправления в России. Проводится обобщение уже сложившейся практики и опыта участия граждан в процессе принятия решений, с целью содействия успешному протеканию и завершению названных трансформаций, которые направлены на повышение демократизации и эффективности системы управления политической системой. В данном докладе подробно рассматриваются все составляющие демократического процесса принятия решений, такие как планирование, реализация, распределение выгод и компенсация убытков, оценка эффективности и достижения поставленных политических целей через призму вовлечения граждан на всех стадиях .
Социальное включение пожилых: продление занятости или «продвинутый» досуг?
Authors: Григорьева Ирина Андреевна , Дмитриева Александра Владимировна , Биккулов Александр Сергеевич
Published: January 2021

Нормативная модель взаимодействия пожилых и современного общества предполагает, что общество должно поддерживать пожилых в возможностях социальной инклюзии. Считается, что пути инклюзии лежат или через продолжение занятости или активный досуг. При этом продолжению профессиональной занятости мешает, как считалось, отсутствие навыков использования ИКТ. Однако сами пожилые чаще предпочитают менее сложную и квалифицированную работу, а ИКТ и интернет используют для сетевого взаимодействия. Можно ли это считать «продвинутым досугом», мы пытаемся понять в данной статье. Социальные службы также не поддерживают общественную активность пожилых, предлагая традиционные досуговые услуги, что показано на примере «Школы третьего возраста» Невского района СПб.
Распределенность содействия в информационном обществе
Authors: Войскунский Александр Евгеньевич
Published: January 2021

Человеческое общество опирается на содействие, сотрудничество, поддержку и помощь со стороны ближних. В информационном обществе подобными ближними могут стать сколь угодно далеко удаленные субъекты при условии, что они оказывают содействие дистантным образом. Подобное содействие именуется распределенным. Анализируются различные примеры, в первую очередь относящиеся к научной деятельности, удаленных (распределенных) содействий. Некоторые из них связаны с краудсорсингом. Распространенность и ценность такого рода содействий побуждает аналитиков и практиков утверждать, что распределенность содействий имеет значение для психологии. Так, все чаще высказывается представление о специфических особенностях коллективного интеллекта или сетевого мышления. Подобные воззрения отвергаются как преждевременные; в противовес им выдвигается представление, согласно которому такая характеристика, как распределенность, способствует развитию экстериоризованных форм психической деятельности – в терминологии разработанной Л.С.Выготским культурно-исторической теории развития психики.
Исследование результативности работы портала «Российская общественная инициатива»
Authors: Видясова Людмила Александрона , Тенсина Ярослава Дмитриевна
Published: January 2021

В статье описываются результаты исследования развития инструментов электронного участия в России. На примере портала электронных петиций «Российская общественная инициатива», проанализирована результативность сбора голосов за петиции и ход их дальнейших рассмотрений. Для анализа была использована автоматизированная система мониторинга порталов электронного участия, разработанная в Университете ИТМО. В исследовании использовались данные о работе портала за период 2013-2017 гг. Результаты исследования показывают интерес общественности к порталу, публикацию петиций и обращений, однако крайне воздействие электронных петиций на практические изменения в принятии решений не велико.
Model of Adaptive Learning and His Implementation
Authors: Pominov D.A.
Published: January 2021

The presented project is aimed at automating the e-learning process regarding the acquisition of practical skills for solving non-formalized tasks, determining the level of knowledge and reducing the duration of training by reducing the number of tasks depending on the level of training. To meet these requirements, an adaptive testing approach was implemented and “Adaptive trainer” web-service was implemented to demonstrate how it works.
Clinical and x-ray versions of deforming osteoartrosis of temporal mandibular joint
Authors: Amkhadova Malkan A. , Abdurakhmanova M. Sh. , Amkhadov I. S. , Khamraev T. K.
Published: January 2021

Clinical and x-ray versions of deforming osteoartrosis of temporal mandibular joint are described and comparison evaluation of informative quality of separated beam methods of visualization were given. Analysis of clinical observations has proven that computer tomography is a method of choice for clear visualization and diagnosis of damage in bone structures of temporal mandibular joint.
Effectiveness of nicotinamide adenine nucleotide hydride in the complex treatment of patients with peri implantitis
Authors: Amkhadova M. A. , Amkhadov I. S. , Aleskerov El’chin Sh. Sh.-O. , Zelensky V. I. , Remizova E. A. , Atamanchuk A. A.
Published: January 2021

Background: In treating peri-implantitis, dentists pay attention to drugs that do not contain chemically aggressive agents. They rather use those having natural mechanisms for normalization of the functional activity of cells and tissues in addition to local antiseptic and antibacterial agents.

The aim of the study was to determine the clinical effectiveness of nicotinamide adenine nucleotide hydride dental gel in the treatment of peri-implantitis.

Materials and methods: Depending on the therapeutic tactics patients (n = 40), we divided patients into two groups. In Group 1 (n=20), we used a standard treatment of peri-implantitis including professional hygiene measures, antiseptic treatment and the use of antibacterial agents. In Group 2 (n = 20), the complex treatment included photodynamic effects of 1% photosensitizer gel instead of the antibacterial therapy.

Results: Due to the use of the photodynamic therapy in addition to standard treatment of group 2 patients, the concentration of a tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in the peri-implantation exudate reached the level of healthy people in the gingival fluid. In addition, the concentrations of cathepsin K and interleukin-6 were as close as possible to the control level.

Conclusion: The use of NADH for peri-implantitis helps to eliminate inflammatory phenomena and stimulates the regeneration of the oral mucosa.
Evaluation of pathological changes of the temporomandibular joint in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lapina Natalya V. , Skorikova L. A. , Shabalina I. M. , Gerbova T. V. , Kochurova E. V.
Published: January 2021

This article discusses a modern vision of the impact of type 2 diabetes in the morphology and function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Based on a number of studies, a more severe course of TMJ dysfunction was revealed in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with individuals without diabetes. We established the interconnection between the age of patients, the duration of diabetes and the degree of manifestation of TMJ dysfunction. Peripheral diabetic neuropathy is determined by an independent risk factor for TMJ dysfunction. Pathological changes in the structures of the TMJ and periarticular tissues have been described in rats with diabetes. The study of the possible morphological damage to the components of the TMJ in patients with type 2 diabetes remains relevant.
Features of dysfunctional states of the temporomandibular joint in patients with different types of facial skeletal growth (literature review)
Authors: Soyher M. G. , Pisarenko I. K. , Amkhadova Malkan A. , Soyher M. I. , Antonov N. M. , Stroganova A. G. , Abdurakhmanova M. Sh.
Published: January 2021

From previous research, diseases of the temporomandibular joint are a functional pathology and take a special place among diseases that affect both the joint and the structures surrounding it [1]. Disorders of the anatomical relationship between the components of the joint are the most common reason of temporomandibular joint dysfunction [2]. Patients with this disease need a thorough clinical and functional analysis, in order to identify the relationship between pathology and structural features of the facial skeleton.
Interdisciplinary approach to the rehabilitation of patients with temporoman-dibular joint abnormality, and a need for complete dental reconstruction: out-comes
Authors: Dzalaeva Fatima K. , Chikunov S. O. , Utyuzh A. S. , Mikhailova M. V. , Budunova M. K.
Published: January 2021

Background. This study aimed to improve the clinical effect of dental orthopedic treatment for patients who need a complete dental reconstruction, by making use of the temporomandibular joint characteristics.

Materials and Methods. A total of 647 patients with adentia who needed a complete dental reconstruction were exposed to a comprehensive examination and treatment. Patients were divided into 3 groups: orthopedic rehabilitation group (218 patients), interdisciplinary rehabilitation group (195 patients), and multidisciplinary rehabilitation group (234 patients). The follow-up period was 7 years.

Results. After the proposed rehabilitation approach, patients in the main group demonstrated an improvement in the VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) score, which was significantly smaller with respect to that in the comparison groups. The frequency of clicking and pain during chewing as well as soreness sensations in this group decreased at a significantly lower pace compared to that in the comparison groups.

Conclusions. Dental reconstruction procedures aimed at restoring the shape of the teeth should focus on pain relief and temporomandibular joint function correction. The most important stage in implementing this approach is a complete and consistent examination of patients who need dental reconstruction.
Example of managing a patient with a complex retention (analysis of a clinical case)
Authors: Meshalkina Irina V. , Tkachenko T. B.
Published: January 2021

Tooth retention is a fairly common orthodontic anomaly. Of all the retained teeth, canines are most commonly involved. There are several approaches to treating retention, including displacement and removal. When choosing treatment strategies, localization of the retained tooth is of great importance. In this report, we sought to present an example of the removal of one of such difficult-retained teeth.
On the issue of composite materials
Authors: Bait Said Olga Mohamed Hassan , Razumova S. V. , Velichko E. V.
Published: January 2021

Caries is the pathological process of hard tissue demineralization in teeth caused by various factors. As a result, necrotic areas within the tooth are formed that require removal and subsequent reconstruction in order to re-establish tooth function. This is achieved by replacing the demineralized areas with dental filling materials. With a wide variety of available dental filling materials, the dentist is faced with the task of choosing the correct material depending on the nature of the lesion. To date, the most widely used permanent filling materials are composites, which constitute one of the largest groups of filling materials. They gained their popularity due to their numerous good qualities, and the continuous research within the field of dental materials enables further improvement of their properties. Currently, a new composite has appeared in dentistry, which helps to neutralize the salivary pH during acidosis, thereby preventing the development of dental caries
Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block for total hip replacement: case series
Authors: Bochkareva N. A. , Antipin E. E. , Svirsky D. A. , Ibragimov A. T. , Yakovenko M. F. , Kotlyar V. S.
Published: January 2021

Clinical cases of the use of ultrasound-guided Lumbar erector spinae plane block as postoperative analgesia in patients with total hip replacement. The method allows providing analgesia during the day after surgery with a minimum need for additional drug use; No side effects and complications.
Ultrasound-guided continuous serratus anterior plane block for combined trauma: case series
Authors: Ibragimov A. T. , Antipin E. E. , Svirsky D. A. , Shah B. N. , Kovalev S. V. , Volchkov V. A.
Published: January 2021

Clinical cases of the use of continuous ultrasound-guided Serratus anterior plane block in patients with severe combined trauma, dominant chest trauma and multiple rib fractures. The method allows for excellent long-term analgesia without the need for additional administration of the drug, there are no side effects.
Accidental intravenous administration of levobupivacaine in the postoperative period
Authors: Leonoff A. A. , Koriachkin V. A. , Zabolotskii D. V.
Published: January 2021

Levobupivacin was introduced into clinical practice as a drug with a low risk of complications from the cardiovascular and central nervous system. The purpose of the report is to present a case of unintentional intravenous administration of levobupivacaine with epidural analgesia. After vertebral surgery, the patient was mistakenly injected with 10 ml of a 0.5% solution of levobupivacaine. Clinically, systemic toxicity was manifested only in mild euphoria. After lipid resuscitation, the patients condition improved. Despite the successful outcome of the clinical case, the anesthesiologist must always have the means to carry out lipid resuscitation. Education of nurses on epidural drug administration is required. The issue of transporting patients with an epidural catheter to a specialist ward needs further discussion.
Effects of different analgesia methods on early mobilization after knee join replacements
Authors: Morozov Dmitry V. , Boronina I. V. , Ryabtseva A. A.
Published: January 2021

Rationale. Knee join replacement is accompanied by intensive pain syndrome. Prolonged blocks of branches of sciatic and femoral nerves are the most effective. Apart from sensory block and analgesia some types of blocks cause motor block of lower extremities, particularly quadriceps muscle of thigh which may prevent patients mobilization. In this connection, the choice of anesthesia strategy is significant concerning the use of prolonged blocks of the branches of sciatic and femoral nerves maintaining the motor function of the lower extremities with adequate analgesia.
The goal of the study is to select a method of pain relief after knee replacement that provides adequate analgesia while maintaining the motor function of the lower limb muscles.
Material and methods. The investigation was carried out in patients undergone knee join replacement according to standard procedure. The operation was performed under combined anaesthesia: spinal anaesthesia plus prolonged block of tibial nerve and femoral nerve or femoral triangle block with perineural space catheterization. The block with the use of local anesthetic in the analgesic concentration for postoperative analgesia during 3 postoperative days. All participants were divided into four groups according to the combinations of the blocks.
Results. The combination of block of branches of sciatic and femoral nervessignificantly improves the quality of postoperative analgesia on the first postoperative day. The block in femoral triangle (subsartorial) in comparison with the block of femoral nerve is accompanied by significantly less weakness of quadriceps muscle of thigh at the equal analgesic potency.
Conclusions. Maintaining the motor function of quadriceps muscle of thigh with the use of the prolonged block in femoral triangle for analgesia can be of certain advantage for patients mobilization in the early postoperative period (fast track).
Epidural analgesia for childbirth in pregnant with COVID-19
Authors: Oreshnikov E. V. , Denisova T. G. , Vasilyeva E. N. , Safin Rustam R.
Published: January 2021

One clinical case is presented. Specific feature of this case was the presence of COVID-19. She-patient was suffering during painful and severe course of labor. Childbirth was successfully performed under epidural analgesia. Epidemiological anamnesis of this she-patient and necessarity to work according to special regulations in third-level protective equipment determined the specificity and exclusive feature of this clinical case.
Chest pain after thyroidectomy (examination of a clinical case)
Authors: Bayalieva Ainagul Zh. , Gardanov Sh. D. , Surikov A. A.
Published: January 2021

Our patients early post-operative period was complicated by severe pain behind the sternum not associated with acute coronary syndrome. On the 7th day after the operation, the patient died of mediastinitis, which was complicated by severe sepsis and multiple organ failure. On autopsy, the damage to the posterior wall of the esophagus occurred as a result of compression trauma against cervical and thoracic spine osteophytes during hemithyroidectomy.
Dynamics of perioperative changes in hemostatic potential according to low-frequency piezoelectric thromboelastography data in open transvesical prostatectomy under epidural analgesia
Authors: Tarabrin Oleg A. , Suslov A. S. , Volodychev D. S.
Published: January 2021

Background. The anesthetic technique of choice for urological surgeries is a controversial issue, especially for transvesical prostatectomy for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Often, epidural anesthesia and analgesia are considered as the methods of choice. However, the effect of an anesthetic support on perioperative changes in hemostatic potential has been poorly studied.
Aim. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the dynamics of changes in the system of the aggregate blood state regulation by using an instrumental method, a low-frequency piezoelectric thromboelastography (LFPTEG), in the perioperative period for patients with BPH who will undergo transvesical prostatectomy.
Material and methods. The state of the hemostatic system in a group of 71 patients with confirmed BPH who required a transvesical prostatectomy was evaluated by the APC ARP-01M Mednord device at the time of the admission, 30 min after the effect of an epidural anesthesia, an hour after the end of a surgery and a day after a surgery.
Results. A perioperative dynamic monitoring of the state of a hemostatic balance showed that a preoperative hypercoagulation, compensated by an increased fibrinolysis, was replaced by a normocoagulation at the moment of a surgery, which was observed in the first hour after the end of a surgery and retained until the end of the first day.
Conclusion. Hypercoagulation was found out for patients with BPH before a transvesical prostatectomy that was masked by an activation of the fibrinolytic system. The hemostatic potential assumed values identical to the reference values that should be taken into account prescribing a postoperative thromboprophylaxis against the background of a prolonged epidural blockade. The APC ARP-01M Mednord device allows you to assess all parts of a hemocoagulation at each stage of a perioperative treatment quickly and without high material costs.