bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CIP2A induces PKM2 tetramer formation and oxidative phosphorylation in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Liang Li-Jun , Yang Fu-Ying , Wang Di , Zhang Yan-Fei , Yu Hong , Wang Zheng , Sun Bei-Bei , Liu Yu-Tao , Wang Gui-Zhen , Zhou Guang-Biao
Published: February 2024

Tumor cells are usually considered defective in mitochondrial respiration, but human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor tissues are shown to have enhanced glucose oxidation relative to adjacent benign lung. Here, we reported that oncoprotein cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) inhibited glycolysis and promoted oxidative metabolism in NSCLC cells. CIP2A bound to pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) and induced the formation of PKM2 tetramer, with serine 287 as a novel phosphorylation site essential for PKM2 dimer-tetramer switching. CIP2A redirected PKM2 to mitochondrion, leading to upregulation of Bcl2 via phosphorylating Bcl2 at threonine 69. Clinically, CIP2A level in tumor tissues was positively correlated with the level of phosphorylated PKM2 S287. CIP2A-targeting compounds synergized with glycolysis inhibitor in suppressing cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. These results indicated that CIP2A facilitates oxidative phosphorylation by promoting tetrameric PKM2 formation, and targeting CIP2A and glycolysis exhibits therapeutic potentials in NSCLC.
Potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies against sarbecoviruses induced by sequential COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Qiu Tianyi , Huang Xiner , Mao Qiyu , Wang Yajie , Qiao Rui , Li Jiayan , Mao Tiantian , Wang Yuan , Cun Yewei , Wang Caicui , Luo Cuiting , Yoon Chaemin , Wang Xun , Li Chen , Cui Yuchen , Zhao Chaoyue , Li Minghui , Chen Yanjia , Cai Guonan , Geng Wenye , Hu Zixin , Cao Jinglei , Zhang Wenhong , Cao Zhiwei , Chu Hin , Sun Lei , Wang Pengfei
Published: February 2024

The current SARS-CoV-2 variants strikingly evade all authorized monoclonal antibodies and threaten the efficacy of serum-neutralizing activity elicited by vaccination or prior infection, urging the need to develop antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 and related sarbecoviruses. Here, we identified both potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies from a five-dose vaccinated donor who exhibited cross-reactive serum-neutralizing activity against diverse coronaviruses. Through single B-cell sorting and sequencing followed by a tailor-made computational pipeline, we successfully selected 86 antibodies with potential cross-neutralizing ability from 684 antibody sequences. Among them, PW5-570 potently neutralized all SARS-CoV-2 variants that arose prior to Omicron BA.5, and the other three could broadly neutralize all current SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, SARS-CoV and their related sarbecoviruses (Pangolin-GD, RaTG13, WIV-1, and SHC014). Cryo-EM analysis demonstrates that these antibodies have diverse neutralization mechanisms, such as disassembling spike trimers, or binding to RBM or SD1 to affect ACE2 binding. In addition, prophylactic administration of these antibodies significantly protects nasal turbinate and lung infections against BA.1, XBB.1, and SARS-CoV viral challenge in golden Syrian hamsters, respectively. Importantly, post-exposure treatment with PW5-5 and PW5-535 also markedly protects against XBB.1 challenge in these models. This study reveals the potential utility of computational process to assist screening cross-reactive antibodies, as well as the potency of vaccine-induced broadly neutralizing antibodies against current SARS-CoV-2 variants and related sarbecoviruses, offering promising avenues for the development of broad therapeutic antibody drugs.
Intranasal immunization of mice with chimera of Salmonella Typhi protein elicits protective intestinal immunity
Authors: Chakraborty Suparna , Dutta Pujarini , Pal Ananda , Chakraborty Swarnali , Banik George , Halder Prolay , Gope Animesh , Miyoshi Shin-ichi , Das Santasabuj
Published: February 2024

Development of safe, highly effective and affordable enteric fever vaccines is a global health priority. Live, oral typhoid vaccines induce strong mucosal immunity and long-term protection, but safety remains a concern. In contrast, efficacy wears off rapidly for injectable, polysaccharide-based vaccines, which elicit poor mucosal response. We previously reported Salmonella Typhi outer membrane protein, T2544 as a potential candidate for bivalent (S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A) vaccine development. Here, we show that intranasal immunization with a subunit vaccine (chimera of T2544 and cholera toxin B subunit) induced strong systemic and intestinal mucosal immunity and protection from S. Typhi challenge in a mouse model. CTB-T2544 augmented gut-homing receptor expression on lymphocytes that produced Th1 and Th17 cytokines, secretory IgA in stool that inhibited bacterial motility and epithelial attachment, antibody recall response and affinity maturation with increased number of follicular helper T cells and CD4+ central and effector memory cells.
Reductions in smoking due to ratification of the Framework Convention for Tobacco Control in 171 countries
Authors: Paraje Guillermo , Flores Muñoz Mauricio , Wu Daphne C. , Jha Prabhat
Published: February 2024

Smoking globally kills over half of long-term smokers and causes about 7 million annual deaths. The World Health Organization Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (FCTC) is the main global policy strategy to combat smoking, but its effectiveness is uncertain. Our interrupted time series analyses compared before- and after-FCTC trends in the numbers and prevalence of smokers below the age of 25 years (when smoking initiation occurs and during which response to interventions is greatest) and on cessation at 45–59 years (when quitting probably occurs) in 170 countries, excluding China. Contrasting the 10 years after FCTC ratification with the income-specific before-FCTC trends, we observed cumulative decreases of 15.5% (95% confidence interval = −33.2 to −0.7) for the numbers of current smokers and decreases of −7.5% (95% CI = −10.6 to −4.5) for the prevalence of smoking below age 25 years. The quit ratio (comparing the numbers of former and ever smokers) at 45–59 years increased by 1.8% (1.2 to 2.3) 10 years after FCTC ratification. Countries raising taxes by at least 10 percentage points concurrent with ratification observed steeper decreases in all three outcomes than countries that did not. Over a decade across 170 countries, the FCTC was associated with 24 million fewer young smokers and 2 million more quitters.
Knowledge and Instance Mapping: architecture for premeditated interoperability of disparate data for materials
Authors: Amos Jaleesia D. , Zhang Zhao , Tian Yuan , Lowry Gregory V. , Wiesner Mark R. , Hendren Christine Ogilvie
Published: February 2024

Predicting and elucidating the impacts of materials on human health and the environment is an unending task that has taken on special significance in the context of nanomaterials research over the last two decades. The properties of materials in environmental and physiological media are dynamic, reflecting the complex interactions between materials and these media. This dynamic behavior requires special consideration in the design of databases and data curation that allow for subsequent comparability and interrogation of the data from potentially diverse sources. We present two data processing methods that can be integrated into the experimental process to encourage pre-mediated interoperability of disparate material data: Knowledge Mapping and Instance Mapping. Originally developed as a framework for the NanoInformatics Knowledge Commons (NIKC) database, this architecture and associated methods can be used independently of the NIKC and applied across multiple subfields of nanotechnology and material science.
Randomized clinical trial of pulpotomy using a premixed injectable calcium silicate cement on mature permanent teeth with reversible pulpitis
Authors: Cho Sin-Yeon , Park Seonghun , Shin Yooseok , Jung Il-Young
Published: February 2024

The aim of this two-center randomized controlled trial was to assess the outcomes and relative factors associated with pulpotomies performed using a premixed injectable calcium silicate cement, as compared to mineral trioxide aggregate in mature permanent premolar and molar teeth with reversible pulpitis. Included teeth were randomly divided into two groups according to pulpotomy material (ProRoot MTA [PMTA] group, Endocem MTA Premixed [EPM] group). After pulp exposure, the superficial pulp was either removed to a depth of 2 mm (partial pulpotomy) or completely amputated to the level of the root canal orifice (full pulpotomy). A 3-mm layer of either material was randomly placed over the pulp wound, followed by the application of a thin layer of a light-cured glass ionomer composite liner. The restoration procedure was then carried out during the same visit. After one year of treatment, the pulpotomy success rate was 94.4% (67/71), with no significant difference between the PMTA and EPM groups. The success rate was 93.9% in the PMTA group and 97.1% in the EPM group. There were no significant factors related to the procedures. EPM is a viable alternative to PMTA for single-visit pulpotomies of permanent premolars and molars.
Impedance sources (Z sources) with inherent fault protection for resilient and fire-free electricity grids
Authors: Peng Fang Zheng
Published: February 2024

Modern societies would not survive without electricity and at the same time electrical faults could cause and have caused many catastrophes—mainly deadly fires—to our societies. There are two types of electricity sources: the voltage source such as generators, charged batteries and capacitors, and the current source such as charged inductors, current-regulated rectifiers, and superconducting magnetic energy storage. An “ideal” voltage source—that is often-sought-or-intentionally engineered—generates a constant voltage irrespective of its load current, and an “ideal” current source injects a constant current irrespective of its load voltage. However, two problems exist: (1) voltage or current sources do not represent many emerging natural/renewable energy sources such as wind turbine generators, photovoltaic cells, and fuel cells, whose output voltage and current are strongly dependent on each other, and (2) a short-circuit fault to an artificially-made and controlled “ideal” voltage source or an open-circuit fault to an “ideal” current source can cause catastrophic failures of the source itself and its surrounding circuits due to large (theoretically infinite) short-circuit current or open-circuit voltage. Here we introduce an impedance source concept to represent, characterize, and model those electricity sources whose output voltage and current are strongly dependent on each other. First, we found that many electric sources with no feedback (or active) control of their output voltage and/or current are a natural impedance source with inherent fault protection at short-circuit or open-circuit faults. Second, any electrical source can be artificially controlled to mimic a natural impedance source. Finally, we show how to apply natural impedance sources and nature-mimicking artificially-controlled sources to the electricity grid—the most complex machine ever made by human beings—to realize electricity grids that are naturally stable, self-protected against electrical faults, and resilient to natural and human-made events.
Development of novel polymer haemoglobin based particles as an antioxidant, antibacterial and an oxygen carrier agents
Authors: Majid Muhammad Abdul , Ullah Hafeez , Alshehri Ali Mohammad , Tabassum Rukhsana , Aleem Abdul , Khan Asad ur Rehman , Batool Zahida , Nazir Aalia , Bibi Ismat
Published: February 2024

This innovative work aims to develop highly biocompatible and degradable nanoparticles by encapsulating haemoglobin (Hb) within poly-ε-caprolactone for novel biomedical applications. We used a modified double emulsion solvent evaporation method to fabricate the particles. A Scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterized them for surface morphology. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopies (UV–visible) elucidated preserved chemical and biological structure of encapsulated haemoglobin. The airproof equilibrium apparatus obtained the oxygen-carrying capacity and P50 values. The DPPH assay assessed free radical scavenging potential. The antibacterial properties were observed using four different bacterial strains by disk diffusion method. The MTT assay investigates the cytotoxic effects on mouse fibroblast cultured cell lines (L-929). The MTT assay showed that nanoparticles have no toxicity over large concentrations. The well-preserved structure of Hb within particles, no toxicity, high oxygen affinity, P50 value, and IC50 values open the area of new research, which may be used as artificial oxygen carriers, antioxidant, and antibacterial agents, potential therapeutic agents as well as drug carrier particles to treat the cancerous cells. The novelty of this work is the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of developed nanoparticles are not been reported yet. Results showed that the prepared particles have strong antioxidant and antibacterial potential.
Application of a novel metaheuristic algorithm inspired by stadium spectators in global optimization problems
Authors: Nemati Mehrdad , Zandi Yousef , Agdas Alireza Sadighi
Published: February 2024

This paper presents a novel metaheuristic algorithm inspired by the actions of stadium spectators affecting behavior of players during a match which will be called stadium spectators optimizer (SSO) algorithm. The mathematical model of the SSO algorithm is presented and the performance and efficiency of the presented method is tested on some of the well-known mathematical test functions and also CEC-BC-2017 functions. The SSO algorithm is a parameter-free optimization method since it doesn't require any additional parameter setup at any point throughout the optimization process. It seems urgently necessary to design a novel metaheuristic algorithm that is parameter-free and capable of solving any optimization problem without taking into account extra parameters, as the majority of metaheuristic algorithms rely on the configuration of extra parameters to solve different problems efficiently. A positive point for the SSO algorithm can be seen in the results of the suggested technique, which indicate a partial improvement in performance. The results are compared with those of golf optimization algorithm (GOA), Tiki taka optimization algorithm (TTA), Harris Hawks optimization algorithm (HHO), the arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA), CMA-ES and EBOwithCMAR algorithms. The statistical tests are carried out for the obtained results and the tests reveal the capability of the presented method in solving different optimization problems with different dimensions. SSO algorithm performs comparably and robustly with the state-of-the-art optimization techniques in 14 of the mathematical test functions. For CEC-BC-2017 functions with ten dimensions, EBOwithCMAR performs better than the proposed method. However, for most functions of CEC-BC-2017 with ten dimensions, the SSO algorithm ranks second after EBOwithCMAR, which is an advantage of the SSO since the proposed method performs better than the well-known CMA-ES optimization algorithm. The overall performance of the SSO algorithm in CEC-BC-2017 functions with 10 dimensions was acceptable, in dimension of 30, 50 and 100, the performance of the proposed method in some functions decreased.
Updating of pelvimetry standards in modern obstetrics
Authors: Tresch Caroline , Lallemant Marine , Nallet Camille , Offringa Yvonne , Ramanah Rajeev , Guerby Paul , Mottet Nicolas
Published: February 2024

Clinical value of pelvimetry in modern obstetrics practices has never been established and normal values are set since the middle of the twentieth century. The aim of this study was to describe current dimensions of pelvis in a female French Caucasian population. A retrospective, bi-centric observational study was conducted from August 2013 to August 2019 in two French departments of Obstetrics. We included all Caucasian women who had a computed tomography pelvimetry during pregnancy. The primary outcome was the values of the obstetric transverse diameter, obstetric conjugate diameter and bispinous diameter. Five hundred and fifty-one CT pelvimetries were analyzed. The median Obstetric Transverse Diameter (OTD) was 12.41 cm and the 3rd percentile was 11 cm. The median Obstetric Conjugate Diameter (OCD) was 12.2 cm and the 3rd percentile was 10.5 cm. The median Bispinous Diameter (BSD) in our data collection was 10.9 cm and the 3rd percentile was 9.3 cm. A significant correlation coefficient between women’s height and OTD, OCD and BSD was found. In our study, the OCD and the BSD have not evolved since the middle of the twentieth century. The obstetric transverse diameter was smaller than the standard currently used.
Recognition of emotions in German laughter across cultures
Authors: Szameitat Diana P. , Szameitat André J.
Published: February 2024

Laughter conveys a wide range of information relevant for social interaction. In previous research we have shown that laughter can convey information about the sender’s emotional state, however other research did not find such an effect. This paper aims to replicate our previous study using participant samples of diverse cultural backgrounds. 161 participants from Poland, the UK, India, Hong Kong, and other countries classified 121 spontaneously emitted German laughter sounds according to the laughter type, i.e., joyful, schadenfreude, and tickling laughter. Results showed that all participant groups classified the laughter sounds above chance level, and that there is a slight ingroup advantage for Western listeners. This suggests that classification of laughter according to the sender’s emotional state is possible across different cultures, and that there might be a small advantage for classifying laughter of close cultural proximity.
Analytical performance validation of aPROMISE platform for prostate tumor burden, index and dominant tumor assessment with 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT. A pilot study
Authors: García Vicente Ana María , Lucas Lucas Cristina , Pérez-Beteta Julián , Borrelli Pablo , García Zoghby Laura , Amo-Salas Mariano , Soriano Castrejón Ángel María
Published: February 2024

To validate the performance of automated Prostate Cancer Molecular Imaging Standardized Evaluation (aPROMISE) in quantifying total prostate disease burden with 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT and to evaluate the interobserver and histopathologic concordance in the establishment of dominant and index tumor. Patients with a recent diagnosis of intermediate/high-risk prostate cancer underwent 18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT for staging purpose. In positive-18F-DCFPyL-PET/CT scans, automated prostate tumor segmentation was performed using aPROMISE software and compared to an in-house semiautomatic-manual guided segmentation procedure. SUV and volume related variables were obtained with two softwares. A blinded evaluation of dominant tumor (DT) and index tumor (IT) location was assessed by both groups of observers. In histopathological analysis, Gleason, International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) group, DT and IT location were obtained. We compared all the obtained variables by both software packages using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cohen’s kappa coefficient (k) for the concordance analysis. Fifty-four patients with a positive 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT were evaluated. The ICC for the SUVmax, SUVpeak, SUVmean, tumor volume (TV) and total lesion activity (TLA) was: 1, 0.833, 0.615, 0.494 and 0.950, respectively (p < 0.001 in all cases). For DT and IT detection, a high agreement was observed between both softwares (k = 0.733; p < 0.001 and k = 0.812; p < 0.001, respectively) although the concordances with histopathology were moderate (p < 0001). The analytical validation of aPROMISE showed a good performance for the SUVmax, TLA, DT and IT definition in comparison to our in-house method, although the concordance was moderate with histopathology for DT and IT.
Rice husk silica blended fillers for engine mount application
Authors: Ubi Paschal A. , Ademoh Nuhu A. , Anosike-Francis Esther N. , Salawu Abdulrahman A. , Adeleke Adekunle A. , Okoro Uzoma G. , Abdullahi Aliyu A. , Ngolemasango Frederick
Published: February 2024

The functional properties of engine mounts largely depend on the rubber compound formulation. This study proposes the use of rice husk–derived silica (RHS) blended with carbon black (N772) as an effective and environmentally friendly substitute for fillers used in rubber engine mounts (REMs). CV-60 natural rubber was filled with the blended fillers at various ratios, and their compatibility for use as rubber engine mounts (REMs) was assessed. Grey Relational Analysis was utilised to determine the optimal blend loading levels for use in rubber engine mounts, resulting in 40 phr of N772 and 20 phr of RHS cured at 130 °C and 2.5 MPa for 20 min. The developed REMs and conventional REMs had low vibration data variation during the performance assessment. Their resonance transmissibility was 5.03 and 3.74, corresponding to natural frequencies of 24.27 Hz and 26.94 Hz, respectively. The RHS/N772 REMs had excellent damping characteristics and lower transmissibility in the isolation zone of the vibration isolation curve, which is outside of the resonant frequency region. The efficiency curves showed that the blended fillers are a better and more effective material for REMs at all frequencies, balancing static deflection and vibration isolation.
Single-cell low-pass whole genome sequencing accurately detects circulating tumor cells for liquid biopsy-based multi-cancer diagnosis
Authors: Shen Xiaohan , Dai Jiao , Guo Lingchuan , Liu Zhigang , Yang Liu , Gu Dongmei , Xie Yinghong , Wang Zhuo , Li Ziming , Xu Haimiao , Shi Qihui
Published: February 2024

Accurate detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood and non-blood body fluids enables generation of deterministic cancer diagnosis and represent a less invasive and safer liquid biopsy approach. Although genomic alternations have been widely used in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis, studies on cell-based genomic alternations profiling for CTC detection are rare due to major technical limitations in single-cell whole genome sequencing (WGS) including low throughput, low accuracy and high cost. We report a single-cell low-pass WGS-based protocol (scMet-Seq) for sensitive and accurate CTC detection by combining a metabolic function-associated marker Hexokinase 2 (HK2) and a Tn5 transposome-based WGS method with improved cell fixation strategy. To explore the clinical use, scMet-Seq has been investigated with blood and non-blood body fluids in diagnosing metastatic diseases, including ascites-based diagnosis of malignant ascites (MA) and blood-based diagnosis of metastatic small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). ScMet-Seq shows high diagnostic sensitivity (MA: 79% in >10 cancer types; metastatic SCLC: 90%) and ~100% of diagnostic specificity and positive predictive value, superior to clinical cytology that exhibits diagnostic sensitivity of 52% in MA diagnosis and could not generate blood-based diagnosis. ScMet-Seq represents a liquid biopsy approach for deterministic cancer diagnosis in different types of cancers and body fluids.
Recent progress in the catalytic enantioselective reactions of 1,1-diborylalkanes
Authors: Li Xin , Chen Jinglong , Song Qiuling
Published: February 2024

Structurally unique 1,1-diborylalkanes often exhibit unusual reactivity and excellent stereoselectivity in asymmetric synthesis. This highlight summarizes and discusses recent advances in the catalytic enantioselective reactions of these reagents.
Manipulating stereoselectivity of parahydrogen addition to acetylene to unravel interconversion of ethylene nuclear spin isomers
Authors: Sviyazov Sergey V. , Babenko Simon V. , Skovpin Ivan V. , Kovtunova Larisa M. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Stakheev Alexander Yu. , Burueva Dudari B. , Koptyug Igor V.
Published: February 2024

Hydrogenation of acetylene with parahydrogen was used to enrich ethylene nuclear spin isomers and to study their equilibration processes. Utilization of catalysts with different stereoselectivity was key to properly attributing the time constants.
Exploring thermodynamic stability of plutonium oxycarbide using a machine-learning scheme
Authors: Qiu Ruizhi , Tang Jun , Chen Jinfan , Liu Pengchuang , Wang Qi
Published: February 2024

The properties of plutonium oxycarbide are explored by a machine-learning scheme.
Efficient photoreduction of carbon dioxide to ethanol using diatomic nitrogen-doped black phosphorus
Authors: Fan Jianhua , Wang Xin , Ma Jing , Liu Xingman , Lai Xiaoyong , Xia Hongqiang , Liu Yingtao
Published: February 2024

Diatomic nitrogen-doped black phosphorus significantly enhances the photoreduction of carbon dioxide to ethanol.
Tuning optical properties of π-conjugated double nanohoops under external electric field stimuli-responsiveness
Authors: Huang Xiao , Gan Ping-yao , Gao Feng-wei , Su Zhong-min
Published: February 2024

An intriguing double-nanoring structure was constructed via the integration of [8]CPP into [10]cyclacene. This work investigates the impact of EEFs in three specific directions. Under Fx, [8]CPP-[10]cyclacene exhibits higher first hyperpolarizability than under Fy and Fz.
Three-dimensional flower-like Ni–S/Co-MOF grown on Ni foam as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Su Chang , Wang Dan , Wang Wenchang , Mitsuzaki Naotoshi , Shao Rong , Xu Qi , Chen Zhidong
Published: February 2024

We have reported a high-performance self-supporting and cost-effective hybrid electrocatalyst for the HER and OER using an electrochemical deposition method using Co-MOF combined with Ni–S by in situ growth on nickel foam (Ni–S/Co-MOF/NF).
Strontium-90 pollution can be bioremediated with the green microalga Tetraselmis chui
Authors: Segovia-Campos Inés , Kanellakopoulos Anastasios , Barrozo Ivan John , Fock-Chin-Ming Edouard , Filella Montserrat , Fontaine Axel Baxarias , Pallada Stavroula , Triscone Gilles , Perron Karl , Ariztegui Daniel
Published: February 2024

The high strontium-90 uptake by the green microalga Tetraselmis chui is related to its ability to form strontium-rich inclusions of amorphous calcium carbonate (called micropearls).
Toward environmentally favorable nano-sensing by production of reusable gold nanoparticles from gold nano-waste: life cycle and nanocircular economy implications
Authors: Kang Seju , Rahman Asifur , McGinnis Sean , Vikesland Peter
Published: February 2024

This study aids in the identification of environmentally friendly and sustainable applications of gold nanoparticles.
Open microfluidics: droplet microarrays as next generation multiwell plates for high throughput screening
Authors: Strutt Robert , Xiong Bijing , Abegg Vanessa Fabienne , Dittrich Petra S.
Published: February 2024

Droplet microarrays underpin novel experimentation across the biological and chemical sciences. This perspective explores operations and analysis with droplet microarrays, placing focus on a comparison to traditional multiwell plates.
Dual strategies of mild C–F scissoring fluorination and local high-concentration electrolyte to enable reversible Li–Fe–F conversion batteries
Authors: Yu Yifan , Lai Chuanzhong , Lei Meng , Chen Keyi , Li Chilin
Published: February 2024

A dual strategy of mild C–F scissoring fluorination and local high-concentration electrolyte is proposed to enable highly reversible Li–Fe–F conversion batteries with a high reversible capacity of 335 mA h g−1 after 130 cycles.
β-CD-decorated BODIPY-based porous polymers for improved photodegradation
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhao Wuzi , Zhou Shiyuan , Gu Peiyang , Sun Hua , Wang Danfeng
Published: February 2024

The combination of β-CD and BODIPY allows the formation of high-performance photocatalysts with well-matched adsorption and photodegradation for BPA degradation.
A fluorescence–phosphorescence dual-emissive Cu3(pyrazolate)3 complex with highly tunable emission colours for anticounterfeiting and temperature sensing
Authors: Xiao Ze-Miao , Yang Jing-Xuan , Chen Xu , Tang Wen-Jing , Peng Su-Kao , Hao De-Bo , Zhao Ze-Peng , Zheng Ji , Li Dan
Published: February 2024

An anti-counterfeit label and a luminescence thermometer are fabricated by the Cu3pyrazolate3 complex, showing luminescence switching between blue fluorescence and orange or red phosphorescence through modulating excitation energies or temperatures.
Continuous synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles with tuneable sizes using ruthenium nitrosyl nitrate precursor
Authors: El-Kadi Joseph , Fenoaltea Pieche Eugenio , Ko Seung Woo , Torrente-Murciano Laura
Published: February 2024

Continuous synthesis of ruthenium nanoparticles with controllable sizes between 2–4 nm in the absence of organic capping ligands.
Advancing high-throughput combinatorial aging studies of hybrid perovskite thin films via precise automated characterization methods and machine learning assisted analysis
Authors: Wieczorek Alexander , Kuba Austin G. , Sommerhäuser Jan , Caceres Luis Nicklaus , Wolff Christian M. , Siol Sebastian
Published: February 2024

A comprehensive inert-gas workflow for combinatorial aging studies gives insight into the intrinsic stability of hybrid perovskites under relevant aging conditions.
Highly integrated all-in-one electrochromic fabrics for unmanned environmental adaptive camouflage
Authors: Fu Guoxing , Gong Hui , Xu Jinheng , Zhuang Biying , Rong Baoli , Zhang Qianqian , Chen Xiaoqing , Liu Jingbing , Wang Hao
Published: February 2024

The all-in-one ECF was exploited for an unmanned environment adaptive camouflage system.
Synergy between 3D-extruded electroconductive scaffolds and electrical stimulation to improve bone tissue engineering strategies
Authors: Silva João C. , Marcelino Pedro , Meneses João , Barbosa Frederico , Moura Carla S. , Marques Ana C. , Cabral Joaquim M. S. , Pascoal-Faria Paula , Alves Nuno , Morgado Jorge , Ferreira Frederico Castelo , Garrudo Fábio F. F.
Published: February 2024

PCL-PEDOT:PSS electroconductive scaffolds were combined with electrical stimulation to enhance the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells towards improved bone tissue engineering strategies.
Optimized silicate nanozymes with atomically incorporated iron and manganese for intratumoral coordination-enhanced once-for-all catalytic therapy
Authors: Xu Xiuping , Liu Shuang , Ye Jin , Wang Qiang , Liu Mengting , Li Yunlong , Shangguan Hang , Zhang Kefen , Fu Yujie , Xu Jiating
Published: February 2024

A biodegradable SAzymes with Fe/Mn dual atom active sites were massively produced by a facile hydrothermal method. After loading with GA and PEGylation, the innovated FMMPG was used for once-for-all catalytic therapy and magnetic resonance imaging.
Accelerating photocatalytic hydrogen production by anchoring Pt single atoms on few-layer g-C3N4 nanosheets with Pt–N coordination
Authors: Zhang Qi , Yue Miao , Chen Peng , Ren Qingmiao , Kong Weihu , Jia Chenxia , Lu Qianyu , Wu Jizhou , Li Yuqing , Liu Wenliang , Li Peng , Fu Yongming , Ma Jie
Published: February 2024

g-C3N4 nanosheets are modified with Pt single atoms at 1.5 at% through a low-temperature incipient wetness impregnation method followed by high-temperature pyrolysis, increasing the photocatalytic H2 production rate by two orders of magnitude.
Engineered interface states and optical absorption of β-Ga2O3/4H-SiC heterojunctions by irradiation-induced oxygen defects from first-principles
Authors: Zhang Xiaoning , Liang Xi , Dong Haoyu , Yang Jia-Yue , Liu Linhua
Published: February 2024

Boundary oxygen vacancies decrease the bandgap of the β-Ga2O3/4H-SiC heterojunction, while interface oxygen vacancies create interface states at the interface.
Monitoring the response of a model protocell to dye and surfactant molecules through second harmonic generation and fluorescence imaging
Authors: Li Bifei , Li Jianhui , Chen Shujiao , Yuan Qunhui , Fang Chao , Gan Wei
Published: February 2024

Probing the interaction between molecules and protocells is crucial for understanding the passive transport of functional molecules in and out of artificial and real cells.
Application of rational enzyme engineering in a new route to etonogestrel and levonorgestrel: carbonyl reductase bioreduction of ethyl secodione
Authors: Dourado Daniel F. A. R. , Rowan Andrew S. , Maciuk Sergej , Brown Gareth , Gray Darren , Spratt Jenny , Carvalho Alexandra T. P. , Pavlović Dražen , Tur Fernando , Caswell Jill , Quinn Derek J. , Moody Thomas S. , Mix Stefan
Published: February 2024

We combine the selection and engineering of a carbonyl reductase enzyme with process development, to enable efficient and economically viable bioreduction of ethyl secodione to (13R,17S)-secol, the key chirality introducing intermediate en route to contraceptives etonogestrel and levonorgestrel.
Bimetallic porphyrin MOF derived CuIn particles/carbon composites as ideal microwave absorbers
Authors: Pan Pan , Wang Sheng , Wei Xuesong , Hu Guangjie , Li Shihao , Li Mingming , Feng Yi-Si
Published: February 2024

CuIn/CN-600 shows a maximum RL of −78.42 dB at 13.84 GHz with an EAB of about 5.92 GHz at 1.92 mm.
Oxidative sulfonylarylation of strained C–C σ-bonds for the synthesis of 3-spirocyclic oxindoles initiated by insertion of sulfur dioxide
Authors: Fan Jian-Hong , Yuan Jing , Zhong Long-Jin , Liu Yu , Tang Ke-Wen
Published: February 2024

Sulfonylarylation of bicyclobutyl N-aryl amides via radical cascade cyclization for constructing 3-spirocyclic oxindoles has been disclosed.
Creating Cloud Segmentation Data Set Using Sky Images of Afyonkarahisar Region
Authors: Eşlik Ardan Hüseyin , Akarslan Emre , Hocaoğlu Fatih Onur
Published: February 2024

The use of sky images in solar radiation intensity estimation has been one of the most studied topics in the literature since it improves the estimation results. The first step in processing sky images with image processing methods is to separate the pixels in the images as clouds or sky. This process is known as cloud segmentation in the literature. In this study, the sky is photographed using the sky imaging system installed at Afyon Kocatepe University Solar and Wind Energy Application and Research Center at times with different clouding characteristics and cloudiness rates in Afyonkarahisar Region. The photographs are divided into 25 parts, and small sky patterns are obtained. The pixels in the obtained sky patterns are manually segmented, and a cloud segmentation dataset is created for future studies. Since the resulting dataset contains high-resolution images and prelabeled data, it can be used to obtain more accurate results for the segmentation process and allows learning algorithms to learn faster. The dataset can be used by researchers in studies such as solar energy forecasting, meteorology, and weather forecasting, and the dataset in this paper will be shared with researchers upon request.
A Hybrid TLBO and Simplex Algorithm to Extract the Optimal Parameters of Photovoltaic Models
Authors: Tidjani Naoual , Ounnas Djamel , Guiza Dhaouadi , Guessoum Abderrezak
Published: February 2024

This work aims to improve photovoltaic (PV) system performance by extracting parameters for solar models, on extracting parameters for solar models to enhance the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems. This paper proposes a hybrid method for figuring out the unknown electrical characteristics of single and dual diode models, integrating Teaching Learning Based Optimization (TLBO) with a simplex algorithm. The primary objective is to achieve optimal parameter extraction for the PV system. To overcome the challenge of local optima, a deterministic algorithm is employed in the hybrid method, leveraging the simplex algorithm’s faster convergence towards optimal parameters. Comparative analysis with other algorithms like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA), known for handling similar problems, reveals the superior and robust performance of the proposed hybrid approach. The results obtained from the developed method are validated against data from a commercial silicon R.T.C. France solar cell and simulation outcomes under various conditions, further confirming the results’ effectiveness and reliability.
Accelerating Light-Duty Fleet Decarbonisation through Energy Efficiency Audits: Results and Methodology Assessment
Authors: Rodrigues Hélder , Faia Vanessa , Santos Paulo
Published: February 2024

The transport sector is responsible for 37% of the energy consumption in Portugal (70% of it due to road transportation), supplied almost completely by fossil fuels. Portugal must reduce these sector’s emissions by 98% to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, thus making transportation a crucial sector for a successful decarbonisation of the economy. This scenario sparked action at ADENE – the Portuguese Energy Agency to create MOVE+, an auditing methodology that incentivises and guides a broad group of stakeholders to act on the decarbonisation of mobility, starting with light duty and freight fleets. It comprises a framework to rate fleets on energy efficiency which enables regular implementation and monitoring of decarbonisation measures in areas such as vehicle technology, telematics, driver training, tyre selection, and maintenance. This paper shows that the application of the MOVE+ methodology helped identify an electrification potential of 24% on average per fleet, according to the Best-in-Class (whereas the analysed sample shows 20% of electrification). A multiple linear regression model validates the correlation between MOVE+ obtained scores, in the evaluated dimensions, and the fleet’s specific CO2 emissions. The methodology also allows us to assess that Portugal is lagging to meet the carbon neutrality target for the transport sector by 2050. Such assessment allows us to estimate that, regarding light-duty fleets, at the current pace zero emissions will only be reached by 2080, thus highlighting the need for public policy adjustments that push towards faster decarbonisation.
Experimental investigation on nucleating agent for low temperature binary eutectic salt hydrate phase change material
Authors: Kalidasan B. , Pandey A.K. , Rahman Saidur , Khir Hazim , Zaed Md. Abu
Published: February 2024

The melting enthalpy and melting temperature have a significant impact on the latent heat that results from phase change materials (PCMs) used for thermal energy storage. Among the PCMs that are currently on the market, inorganic salt hydrates have greater thermal conductivity and latent heat than organic PCMs. However, the problem of salt hydrates' degree of supercooling limits their use in energy storage devices. Using sodium carbonate decahydrate (SCD) and sodium phosphate dibasic dodecahydrate (SPDD), a low temperature inorganic-inorganic eutectic salt hydrate PCM with a higher melting enthalpy and intended phase transition temperature is developed in this research study. The eutectic SCD/SPDD salt hydrate PCM eutectic point and the eutectic composition of salt hydrate PCMs to operate at low temperature range is numerically determined using Schrader equation. By numerical methods we obtain the 68 wt% of SCD with 32 wt% of SPDD to exhibit eutectic SCD/SPDD composite with eutectic melting temperature of 26.2 °C and melting enthalpy of 210.6 J/g. The synthesised eutectic PCM are characterised to explore their chemical stability, latent heat, melting point and their shortcoming due to degree of supercooling. A good way to get around the problem of the supercooling degree is to disperse the nucleating agents. In order to assess the type and degree of supercooling, the produced eutectic PCM composition is experimentally evaluated at 1–10% utilising borax, alumina, and sodium sulphate dodecahydrate as nucleating agents. However, for building cooling applications PCM with minimal degree of supercooling, with the ability to release low enthalpy during discharging is an advantage.
Assessing thermophysical properties of Nanostructured Cellulose Nano Crystal (CNC) and Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) Additives in Palm Oil-Based Heat Transfer Fluid
Authors: Kulandaivel Sridhar , Samykano Mahendran , Wai Keng Ngui , Kousik Suraparaju Subbarama , Kumar Rajamony Reji
Published: February 2024

This study explores the examination of the thermophysical characteristics of eco-friendly CNC-Palm oil, GNP-Palm oil and CNC/GNP-palm oil mono and hybrid nanofluids. The stability assessment involves a comprehensive analysis, incorporating visual observations and thermal conductivity assessments. Notably, it was observed that an elevated proportion of hybrid mixture contributed to the enhanced stability of the nanosuspension, ensuring the uniform dispersion of nanomaterials within the base liquid for an extended period. The results indicate that hybrid nanofluids containing CNC/GNP and formulated with palm oil exhibit substantial stability. A comprehensive visual examination over an impressive 30-day duration reveals minimal accumulation, underscoring the enduring stability of these nanofluids. The study also examines crucial thermal and physical properties, including thermal conductivity and viscosity about temperature. The most significant enhancement was witnessed in thermal conductivity, achieving a noteworthy 100% increase in the 0.1w/v% concentrated CNC/GNP/Palm Oil hybrid nanofluid at 70°C, demonstrating a significant improvement compared to the base fluid. Furthermore, there are noticeable increments in viscosity, albeit with a more modest enhancement compared to thermal conductivity. These outcomes suggest a direct relationship between the increased concentrations can improve stability and thermal conductivity. This study contributes valuable insights into utilizing CNC/GNP in nanofluid applications, with implications for fields requiring enhanced thermal performance and fluid stability.
Automotive Radiators: An Experimental Analysis of Hybrid Nanocoolant
Authors: Zurghiba Hizanorhuda , Kadirgama Kumaran , Noor M.M. , Bakar R.A. , Semin
Published: February 2024

A hybrid nanocoolant is a novel type of heat transfer enhancement medium that has the potential to enhance the performance of automotive radiators by improving heat transfer efficiency and heat dissipation. The focus of the present work was to investigate the effect of different hybrid nanocoolant mixing ratios on Reynolds number, Nusselt number, Friction factor, heat transfer coefficient and convective heat transfer on heat transfer performance. Single and its hybrid nanocoolant were tested through a commercial-sized automotive radiator and a scaled-down automotive radiator to determine its laminar convective heat transfer. The nanocoolants are prepared with a fixed volume fraction of 0.01 vol% and for hybrid nanocoolants, different ratios of CNC and CuO nanoparticles are formulated. The studies utilised flow rates of 0.75, 1.00, and 1.25 LPM with a radiator inlet liquid temperature of 80°C. The experimental results show that the Reynolds number, Nusselt Number, heat transfer coefficient and convective heat transfer are proportionally related to the volumetric flow rate, while the friction factor decreases when there is an increase in the flow rate. A scale-down radiator with a low-volume concentration of hybrid nanofluids able to improve the heat transfer efficiency by 92.43% compared to conventional fluids in a commercial-sized car radiator.
Role of eco loans in the advancement of renewable energy technologies
Authors: Gutierrez Alexander V.
Published: February 2024

The Philippine Central Bank is aware of the effects of climate change and other factors such as environmental and social risk that could disrupt the banking industry. Financial stability is one of the main concerns specifically in its effects in banking operations and financial interests. The study aims to explore the possibility of providing eco loans from Philippine Banks for the advancement of sustainable energy technologies in homes and industries. The study used the Delphi method and interviewed several experts from the banks. The results shows that majority of them do not have an Eco-Loans in their respective banks. However, the majority of the experts stated that it is possible to offer this as part of their banks’ loan portfolio. The experts also suggested that the purpose of the loan should be for purchase of solar panels, inverter appliances and also could be used in the construction of green building.
Thermal Properties of Engine Oils through the Integration of Graphene Nanoparticles: A Greener Approach for Sustainable Mechanical Systems
Authors: Kadirgama G. , Lee Muhammad A.M.A. , Ramasamy D. , Kadirgama K. , Samykano M. , Yusaf T.
Published: February 2024

Tribology is a high demand mechanical system with friction and wear. Mechanical systems lose efficiency as a result. One answer for this issue is to utilize an oil that can limit contact and wear, bringing about improved effectiveness. The advancement of effective lubricating added substances for tribological properties improvement and improved thermal conductivity has gotten huge modern and scholarly consideration. By and large, nano-sized particles scattered in lubricants, referred to as nano-based lubricant, are utilized in mechanical structures to lessen heat and forces of frictions. Moreover, new guidelines will empower the utilization of greener lubrication advancements in oils. To resolve this issue, lubricants should satisfy guidelines while able to give exceptional oil characteristics. As another green material, this research will investigate the dissolving of Graphene nanoparticles in lubricants. The objective of this study is to perceive what Graphene added 10W40 motor oil means for the thermal properties and tribological characteristics. Graphene, which was added to 10W40 lubricant, was used to study the best design. Graphene nanoparticles were distributed in baseline engine oil in a two-step process. In the preparation of Graphene-based motor oil with a low volume mixture in the scope of 0.01% to 0.07% was used. Thermal conductivity and viscosity are estimated for all volume mixtures. Testing uncovered that Graphene added 10W40 motor oil were steady all through the review, with very little deposits in the following 30 days. The thermal conductivity of Graphene in SAE 40 motor oil expanded as the volume mixture is added.
Photofermentative Biohydrogen Production Enhancement with Nanoparticle
Authors: Inayat Abrar , Almarzooqi Sara , Alamiri Reem , Nouichi Nada , Ahli Maryam , Jamil Farrukh , Ghenai Chaouki
Published: February 2024

This study will explore the use of a biological pathway known as photo fermentation for the production of biohydrogen under anoxic and nitrogen deficient conditions due to its high hydrogen production, and to emphasize the role of a dominating enzyme, the nitrogenase enzyme, in catalyzing the process of hydrogen evolution from a medium composed of Purple Non-Sulfur Bacteria (Rhodopseudomonas Palustris) with glycerol as the substrate. For Purple Non-Sulphur Bacteria, the optimal H2 production temperature ranges between 30 °C to 36 °C. Simultaneously, illumination is applied by LED lights and is varied from no string LED illumination, to single string illumination (240 W/m2), and double string illumination (480 W/m2) to simulate and examine performance in outdoor conditions and achieved a maximum of 428% increase in hydrogen productivity compared to previous studies. Consequently, this suggests that it is economically appealing to use the non-growing R. palustris bacterium as the chosen biocatalyst for continuous hydrogen production. These preliminary results constitute the development of continuous H2 production which evolves into the green fuel of the future production.