bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acoustic radiation force impulse elastography findings of achilles tendon in patients with hypothyroidism
Authors: TURNAOĞLU Hale , ALTAY Feride , KURAL RAHATLI Feride , BOZKUŞ Yusuf , TURHAN İYİDİR Özlem , HABERAL Kemal Murat
Published: April 2021

Introduction

The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of thyroid dysfunction on tendons and the contribution of Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) elastography to the diagnosis of tendinopathy.

Methods

Eighty Achilles tendons of 40 patients under levothyroxine treatment, who had previously known hypothyroidism but high serum thyroid stimulating hormone levels, and 80 Achilles tendons of 40 healthy individuals were evaluated with ARFI (Virtual Touch Quantification®). 19 of 40 of the patients with hypotiroidism’ Achilles tendons were re-evaluated after thyroid stimulating hormone levels reached to normal limits following the adjustments in thyroid hormone replacement therapy. The middle portion of the each Achilles tendon was chosen for the examination. Every examination consisted of three to five independent measurements (shear wave velocity- meters per second). The mean shear wave velocity value was calculated for each tendon, and used for statistical analysis.

Results

The stiffness values of both left and right Achilles tendons, represented as shear wave velocity, were similar in patients with hypothyroidism and control group. There was no significant difference between the Achilles tendon shear wave velocity measurements of 19 of 40 hypothyroidism patients who were re-evaluated after the adjustments in thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

Conclusions

The lack of significant difference in Achilles tendon stiffness between non-naive hypothyroid patients and the control group may be explained as a positive clinical effect of thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
A possible contributor to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents requirement in hemodialysis: Paraoxonase 1 activity
Authors: KORUCU Berfu , HACI Hasan , BALİ Elif Burcu , DERİCİ Mehmet Kürşat , GUZ Galip
Published: April 2021

Background: Anemia is one of the most prevalent complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In CKD-related anemia, circulating erythrocytes have a decreased life span. Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity is one of the essential factors protecting cell membranes, e.g., erythrocytes, from lipid peroxidation under normal conditions. In this study, we investigated PON1 activity in hemodialysis (HD) patients with and without erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) therapy and the possible relationship of PON1 activity levels with the ESA dose required.

Methods: This study is composed of patients undergoing HD with a minimum dialysis vintage of six months. We excluded cases with an active infection, cardiovascular events and malignancy, hypo- or hyperthyroidism, central venous catheters, iron deficiency, cystic kidney diseases, nephrectomy, and routine C-reactive protein (CRP) levels higher than reference range within the last six months.

Results: Baseline characteristics, laboratory parameters, oxidative stress, and systemic inflammatory indices were similar between groups. The mean PON1 activity of the ESA+ group was significantly lower than the ESA– group (191.4 ±118.8 and 488.1±174.9,respectively; p
The Effect of Gamified STEM Practices on Students’ Intrinsic Motivation, Critical Thinking Disposition Levels, and Perception of Problem-Solving Skills
Authors: Asigigan Sera İyona , Samur Yavuz
Published: April 2021

The aim of this research is to examine the effect of gamified STEM activities on 3rd and 4th grade students’ intrinsic motivation, perception of problem-solving skills, and critical thinking disposition. In this mixed method study, problem solving skills perception scale, critical thinking disposition instrument and intrinsic motivation inventory formed the quantitative data, while, activity worksheets, field notes and student interviews, formed the qualitative data. After 8 weeks of implementation, quantitative data were analyzed and significant differences were found between pre-test and post-test results on students’ critical thinking disposition level. Although it is not significant, the results showed that an increase was found in students’ perception of problem-solving skills. Besides, students’ intrinsic motivation levels were found high, as well as students stated that “gamified STEM” activities help them learn and practice the content and they found the activities enjoyable, competitive, and exciting. Moreover, the rewards and badges that they won at the end of the activities were motivating.
An Investigation of Graduate Students’ Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK)
Authors: Koyuncuoglu Ozdal
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to investigate and compare the perception of TPACK competence of graduate students studying at the institutes of Natural Sciences, Social Sciences and Educational Sciences based on the variables of gender, graduate program level and field. The participants of the research consist of 186 graduate students studying at the institutes of Karatay, Necmettin Erbakan and Selçuk University. TPACK Competence Scale was used to collect research data. The results of the research showed that graduate students’ technological knowledge and TPACK competence were moderate. It was also found that male graduate students’ technological knowledge and technological content knowledge were high, whereas female participants had a high-level perception of pedagogical knowledge. In addition, perceptions of TPACK competence varied based on the field and level of graduate education.
Story-telling Technique Utilizing Puppets to Enhance the Learners’ Speaking Competence
Authors: Syafii Muhammad Lukman , Santoso Slamet , Hartono Sri
Published: April 2021

This study was done to enhance the learners’ speaking competence thru a story-telling technique utilizing puppets in parlances of value and transmission of the story. The format of the study was classroom action research. The subject of this research was the 38-second semester learners of the management study program at Muhammadiyah University of Ponorogo. The instruments of this study were observation checklists, field notes, self-assessment sheets, peer-assessment sheets, the students’ speaking performance measured using scoring rubrics, tape recordings, and questionnaires. The findings indicated that the first criterion was when 65% of the learners get into or are earnestly engaged in the teaching and learning process, and the data analysis told that 83% of learners were earnestly engaged. The second criterion was when 65% of the learners get the score higher than or the same as 65, the result indicated that 87% of the learners got scores higher than 65. The final criterion, if 75% of learners own right feedbacks to the application of the story-telling technique utilizing puppets, the results indicated that 89% of the learners indicated the right feedbacks to the technique. This can conclude that the story-telling technique utilizing puppets is effective in enhancing the learners’ speaking ability in learning English.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Prescribing Antibiotics among Dental Practitioners in Chitwan
Authors: Paudel Gita , Shah Arun Kumar , Palikhey Anjan , Khanal Nikita , Karki Sirisa , Chaurasia Lokeshwar , Chaulagain Rajib
Published: April 2021

Background: Antibiotic resistance in recent years has become a major threat to public health globally. In dental practice, antibiotics and analgesics are commonly used for infection control and management of pain. The knowledge, attitude and practice skills of antibiotic prescription by dental practitioners should be continuously evaluated. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic prescription among dental practitioners.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding antibiotic prescription among dental practitioners. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information which was adopted from previous studies. A briefing was given to the participants about the nature of the study and the procedure of completing the questionnaire was explained. After completion of the questionnaire, data was collected, reviewed, organized and expressed as counts/percentages and statically analyzed using SPSS version 16.Result: The current study showed that majority of the participants had average knowledge (52.7%) regarding antibiotic resistance but despite of that they have been prescribing antibiotic without proper guidelines. In this study, Amoxicillin (69.1%) followed by amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (25.5%) combination were the most commonly prescribed drugs used for the management of oral infections, but were prescribed based on symptoms without taking care of guidelines.Conclusion: Dental practitioners had knowledge of antibiotic prescription and its resistance however they have been prescribing antibiotic without proper guidelines. It is deemed necessary to update the knowledge and enhance the careful use of antibiotics.
Functional Outcomes of Pediatric Both Bone Fractures Fixed with Titanium Elastic Nails: : A Hospital Based Study
Authors: KC Kapil Mani , RC Dirgha Raj , Acharya Parimal , Sigdel Arun , Lamsal Dinesh Kumar , Dahal Sudip Chandra
Published: April 2021

Background: Successful treatment of both bone fractures depends on the restoration of normal alignment and full recovery of range of motion that can be achieved by either closed reduction and casting or surgical intervention. Number of surgical treatment modalities have been mentioned for unstable pediatric both bone fractures that includes Kirschner wire fixation, plating, external fixation and elastic intramedullary nailing

Methods: This was descriptive cross-sectional study performed from January 2016 to December 2019. A total of 85 diaphyseal pediatric forearm fractures were treated surgically with TENs during this period. Functional outcomes and complications were analysed 6 months after surgery.

Results: The mean age of patients in our study was 10.67±1.88. There were 50 (64.1%) male and 28 (35.9%) female. Incidence of fracture is higher in left side 47 (60.2%) in comparison to right side 31 (39.8%). Thirteen (16.7%) fractures were in proximal third, 50 (64.1%) in middle third and 15 (19.2%) in distal third of both bone forearm.There were excellent outcomes in 91%, good outcomes in 6.4% and fair results in only 2.6% of patients.Seven different types of complications were noted including skin irritation           8 (10.2%), cortex perforation in  2 (2.5%) and iatrogenic fracture in 1 (1.3%) case.

Conclusions: Titanium elastic nailing is excellent treatment option for displaced unstable pediatric both bone fractures especially in elderly children. This is technically easy, minimally invasive procedure where bone healing is relatively fast, implant removal is easy with excellent cosmesis of skin without long ugly scar in forearm.
Clinicopathological, Endoscopic and Radiological Evaluation of Intestinal Tuberculosis among Nepalese Patients at a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Sherpa Tshering Wangdi , Pathak Rahul , Jha  Anurag
Published: April 2021

Background: Intestinal tuberculosis is often difficult to diagnose due to its insidious onset and nonspecific and protean manifestations. Delay or failure of diagnosis is associated with significant complications like perforation, abscess, fistula and strictures. The objective of the study was to provide a descriptive analysis of clinical, endoscopic, radiological and pathological findings in these patients. Methods: A prospective study including 52 hospitalized patients was done between April 2018 to 2020 at Tribhuwan University Teaching Hospital. Statistical analyses were done by Microsoft excel version 16. Results: Males were 63% while females were 37 %. The average age was 37 years. 84% had abdominal pain followed by abdominal distension (50%), chronic diarrhea (51%) and cough (21%). Abnormal chest X-Ray was found in (37%) among whom (53%) had sputum positive for tubercular Bacilli. Common CT scan findings were thickening and heterogenous enhancement of bowel loops (79%), lymphadenopathy (56%) and ascites (44%). Endoscopically, commonly involved sites were terminal Ileum (95%), cecum (77%) and ascending colon (42%). Frequent finding were ulcers (83%), patulous and deformed Ileocecal valve (33%), mucosal nodularity (38%), hypertrophic mucosa (21%) and strictures (11%). Biopsies revealed granulomas in (77%) specimens. (65%) of them had central caseous necrosis. Among 10 subjects undergoing needle aspiration of lymphnodes, (70%) had central caseous necrosis. Those with coexisting peritoneal involvement had a mean ascitic fluid adenosine deaminase level of 73 ± 8 IU/L. Conclusion: Intestinal tuberculosis remains a major concern in developing countries. A composite analysis of the clinical manifestations, CT scan, endoscopic findings and pathological examination of the biopsies aid in making a proper and timely diagnosis so as to prevent complications and mortality.
KENT İÇİ ULAŞIMDA RAYLI SİSTEMLERİN ÖNEMİ VE ANKARA, BERLİN, LONDRA VE PARİS’İN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ANALİZİ
Authors: YAMAN Kemal , GÜL Murat
Published: April 2021

Raylı sistem ağlarının gelişmesi, kentsel ulaşımla ilgili birçok sorunu da kendiliğinden çözmektedir. Uzun yıllar boyunca raylı sistemlerle yaşamaya alışmış olan toplumlarda toplu taşıma kültürü oluşmuş ve kent içi seyahatlerin ana merkezinde raylı sistemler yer almıştır. Bu çalışmada, Ankara, Berlin, Londra ve Paris raylı sistemleri incelenmiş, elde edilen bilgiler ışığında karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. Berlin’de kullanılan raylı sistemlerde 1142 istasyon bulunmaktayken, bu sayı Londra’da 466, Paris’te 743, Ankara’da ise 82’dir. İncelenen üç Avrupa Başkentinde günlük taşınan yolcuların ortalaması 5.850.000 kişi iken Ankara’da bu sayı 355.485’dir. Toplam ray uzunluğu Berlin’de 663, Londra’da 635, Paris’te 1089, Ankara’da 106 km’dir. Bu verilerden anlaşılacağı üzere Ankara’nın bu konuda diğer dünya başkentlerinden geri kaldığı görülmüştür. İncelenen başkentlerde raylı sistemlerin hat sayısı ve özellikle taşınan yolcu sayısı dikkate alındığında, Ankara’da çok daha fazla yatırım yapılması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu sistemlerin kurulması gerek ekonomik, gerekse de teknolojik gelişmişlikle doğrudan ilgili olduğundan, kısa sürede büyük ray ağlarına sahip olmak kolay görünmemektedir.
The Role of Culture on Islamic Architecture
Authors: Abu elreish Azhari Ebeid , Prima Eka Cahya
Published: April 2021

Islamic architecture is an ongoing argument for an extended period. Is it Islamic architecture, Muslim architecture, or architecture in Islam? Is it just visual elements or a way to use the inner space? Whatever the answer is, we will use the term Islamic architecture in this paper. To search and dig out the identities of so-called Islamics. This paper is seeking after these identities and their relations with Islamic culture to solve international architecture concepts without modifications or adaptation. The main goal is to extract the sociocultural aspects that define that architecture to be called Islamic Architecture. An analytical research method uses some attempts to interact the environmental conditions and social aspects with cultural and religious values to define Islamic architecture's identity. The study result and summary could be used to evaluate the satisfaction of the built environment of Muslims when and wherever they are. As a comprehensive result, Islamic Design Principles, Islamic Planning Principles, and Islamic Urban Design Principles could be extracted from Islamic sources and used everywhere at any time by anybody. These design principles may be used to upgrade the workability of the existing residential buildings simply by revising the opening's location, heights, and treatments. Architecture with that dynamic, flexible culture gives its identity a chance to compete globally to survive locally.
Electronic Eye for Blind People with Object Detection and Audio Output Using Image Processing
Authors: Shewale Atharva , Mahakalkar Mrunalini , Pawar Vijay , Bharad Yajan , Chiwhane Dr. Shwetambari
Published: April 2021

One of the major issues faced by Blind people is detecting and recognizing an object. The objective of this project is to help the blind people because mobility of blind people is always a great problem. The mobility of blind people in unknown environment seems impossible without external help, because they don’t have any proper idea about their surroundings. So, we are developing a electronic eye which helps them to know about their surroundings and also guide them during travelling. Developing a system based on image processing using DNN algorithm which is able to labeling objects with the help of OpenCV and Tensor flow libraries and converting the labeled text in to speech and producing output in the form of audio to make the blind person aware of the object in front of him or her. The scope of this system is also measuring the distance of the object from the person and reporting the same Object detection using image processing and Machine Learning. It searches the object. We want to innovate our system the possibility of using the hearing sense to understand real time objects. For the security purpose track blind people in real time environment.
SUBTITUSI TEPUNG SAGU (METROXYLON SP) DAN LAMA PEREBUSAN TERHADAP MUTU CINCAU HITAM (MESONA PALUSTRIS)
Authors: Sari Laila , Hidayat Fadlan , Juliani Juliani , Yuslinaini Yuslinaini , Sholihati Sholihati , Sutriani Sutriani
Published: April 2021

Cincau hitam merupakan jenis minuman tradisional berbentuk agar-agar yang digemari oleh masyarakat, biasanya dicampur dengan potongan buah dan larutan sirup dan gula. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh interaksi subtitusi tepung sagu dan tepung kanji serta lama perebusan cincau hitam, menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu subtitusi perbandingan tepung sagu dan tepung kanji(S) yang terdiri dari 3 level yaitu (70:30%, 50:50% dan 30:70%) dan faktor kedua yaitu lama perebusan yang terdiri dari 3 level yaitu (1jam, 1,5jam dan 2 jam). Masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari 2 ulangan, maka terdapat 18 kombinasi satuan percobaan. Hasil analisis dari interaksi subtitusi tepung sagu dan tepung kanji serta lama perebusan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P ≤ 0,01) terhadap kadar air dan kadar serat cincau hitam.

 

Kata Kunci : Tepung Sagu, Tepung Kanji, Lama Perebusan, Cincau Hitam
Evaluating demand responsive transit services using a density-based trip rate metric
Authors: Kaufman Benjamin , Leung Abraham , Burke Matthew
Published: April 2021

Demand responsive transit (DRT) is attracting increased attention as a means to provide public transit to low-density populations. This research aims to provide a suite of evaluation metrics with low data requirement and widespread availability, so that operators, funders, regulators, and practitioners can better evaluate the performance of DRT services. Trip numbers can be divided by a number of available variables (period, trip length, population, and density) to create a number of derived metrics. By applying these variables across three different DRT service areas in Logan City, Australia, where other key factors are held constant, one can see how different formulations lead to very different readings of DRT system performance. The results confirm the dilemma of cost efficiency versus equity in service provision in low-density environments. This paper also highlights current data limitations and calls for better data collection to facilitate the development of new evaluation methods for DRT services and a new composite metric that can be used for inter-service comparison.
brief discussion on the treatment of spatial correlation in multinomial discrete models
Authors: Bahamonde-Birke Francisco
Published: April 2021

Spatial dependence plays a key role in all phenomena involving the geographic space, such as the social processes associated with transport and land use. Nevertheless, spatial dependence in multinomial discrete models has not received the same level of attention as have the other kinds of correlations in the discrete modeling literature, mainly due to the complexity of its treatment. This paper aims at offering a brief discussion on the different kinds of spatial correlation affecting multinomial discrete models and the different ways in which spatial correlation has been addressed in the discrete modeling literature. Furthermore, the paper offers a discussion on the advantages and limitations of the different approaches to treat spatial correlation and it also proposes a compromise solution among complexity, computational costs, and realism that can be useful in some specific situations.
Denetimli Serbestlik Tedbiri Konulan Madde Kullanıcılarında Depresyon Belirti Düzeyine Göre Bağımlılık Şiddetinin İncelenmesi
Authors: Güvenç Bahadır Gönül , Karaca Semra
Published: April 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada; denetimli serbestlik tedbiri konulan madde kullanıcılarında depresif belirti düzeyine göre bağımlılık şiddetinin incelenmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki araştırma, bir denetimli serbestlik şube müdürlüğünce takip edilen madde kullanıcıları örnekleminde (N=330) yapıldı. Veriler Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) ve Bağımlılık Profili İndeksi Klinik Formu (BAPİ-K) ile toplandı.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan madde kullanıcılarının yaş ortalaması 28,93±6,96, %97’si erkek, %40’ı ortaokul mezunu, %59,1’i bekardı. Katılımcıların BAPİ-K toplam /şiddet puan ortalaması 12,32±4,02 olup, %16,7’sinde orta ve %31,8’inde yüksek düzeyde bağımlılık şiddeti olduğu belirlendi. BDE kesme noktasına göre, BAPİ-K toplam puanı ve tüm alt boyutlarında depresif belirti düzeyi yüksek olanlar olmayanlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ölçüde daha yüksek puan aldı.
Sonuç: Denetimli serbestlik tedbiri konan madde kullanıcılarının yarısında bağımlılık şiddeti düşüktür. Depresif belirti düzeyi yüksek olan madde kullanıcılarında bağımlılık şiddeti de yüksektir. Bu bağlamda, madde kullanımı olan bireylerde bağımlılığı önlemeye ve depresif sorunların erken tanı ve tedavisine odaklanılması önerilebilir.
Prevalencia de depresión y factores asociados en adolescentes
Authors: Muñoz Victoria , Arevalo Alvarado Catherine Lizeth , Tipán Barros Jonathan Maximiliano , Morocho Malla Manuel Ismael
Published: April 2021

Introducción: La Organización mundial de la salud expresa que la depresión es un trastorno mental frecuente, caracterizado por aparición de tristeza, pérdida de interés o placer, sentimientos de culpa o falta de autoestima, trastornos del sueño, apetito, sensación de cansancio y falta de concentración. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de depresión y factores asociados en los adolescentes de 14 a 18 años estudiantes de la Unidad Educativa Luis Cordero en la ciudad de Azogues en el año 2019.
Métodos: se realizó una investigación de tipo analítica y transversal. La muestra fue de 262 estudiantes de 14 a 18 años en la Unidad Educativa Luis Cordero. Se aplicó una encuesta, que incluyó la escala HAD (Hospital anxiety and Depression Scale ), la información fue recolectada en formularios, se procesaron los datos utilizando el programa SPSS V.15 mediante frecuencia absoluta, porcentaje, Chi cuadrado y Odds ratio con un Intervalo de Confianza de 95% y valor P=0.05.
Resultados: al aplicar el Cuestionario HAD se determinó una prevalencia de depresión del 25.9%. La depresión en mujeres fue de 14.1%, mientras que en hombres fue el 11.8%, residen en áreas urbanas (21.4%), no tienen padres migrantes (19.5%), su percepción de la existencia de violencia intrafamiliar (23.3%) y su percepción de bajo rendimiento académico (21%). En cuanto a la edad, no se encontró diferencias, correspondiendo cada grupo etario al 13%.
Conclusiones: la prevalencia de depresión en los adolescentes es alta, los más afectados son las mujeres y los que presentan bajo rendimiento académico; sin encontrar asociación estadística entre las variables analizadas y la presencia de depresión.
Prevalencia de Policitemia Neonatal y Factores Asociados en Recién Nacidos
Authors: Tipán Barros Tatiana Maribel , Ochoa Gavilanes Eddy Rodrigo , Tipán Barros Jonathan Maximiliano
Published: April 2021

Introducción: La policitemia afecta del 1 a 5% de los recién nacidos, se asocia a complicaciones por afectación orgánica y sistémica en el neonato que puede ser prevenible. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de Policitemia neonatal y sus factores asociados en recién nacidos en el servicio de maternidad del Hospital ¨Vicente Corral Moscoso de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador en el período mayo 2018 a mayo 2019.

Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico, el universo estuvo conformado por todos los recién nacidos en el servicio de maternidad del Hospital ¨Vicente Corral Moscoso¨. La muestra fue probabilística de 470 neonatos y sus madres. Para identificar asociación se realizó mediante X2 y para medir intensidad de asociación se utilizó OR (IC 95%) y valor de P < 0.05.

Resultados: Ingresaron al estudio en forma aleatoria 470 casos. Se obtuvo una prevalencia del 12.8%. La residencia materna del 93% fue por sobre los 2000 metros sobre el nivel del mar. Los factores asociados fueron: bajo peso al nacer (OR 3.8; IC95%: 1.9 – 7.5) P < 0.001), patología materna incluida la diabetes (OR 2.6, IC95%: 1.3 – 5.2) P = 0.013), toxemia del embarazo (OR 2.3; IC95%: 0.7 – 7.6) P = 0.134 y asociación negativa con prematuridad (OR 0.3; IC 95%: 0.07 – 1.2) P = 0.099.

Conclusiones: la prevalencia de policitemia neonatal es alta y se asocia significativamente con bajo peso al nacer, patología materna.
Prevalencia y factores asociados de las infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud en el servicio de pediatría y unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso
Authors: Barzallo Ochoa Pamela , Campoverde Espinoza Christian Javier
Published: April 2021

Introducción: Las Infecciones asociadas a la atención de la salud (IAAS) son procesos infecciosos transmisibles que se presentan después de 48 horas de hospitalización sin estar presentes en el momento de ingreso. El objetivo del presente estudio fue establecer la prevalencia y sus factores asociados.
Métodos: El presente estudio de tipo transversal y analítico se realizó en el área de Pediatría y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso de Cuenca, Ecuador en el período Mayo 2018-Octubre 2019. Se incluyeron con una muestra probabilística niños de 29 días de edad hasta menores de 16 años. Las variables observadas fueron la presencia de IAAS, edad, estado nutricional, diagnóstico de ingreso, días de hospitalización, uso de ventilación mecánica, uso de catéteres, sitio de internación, germen aislado y resistencia antibiótica. Se utiliza estadística descriptiva y razón de prevalencia (RP).
Resultados: Fueron 385 casos, 212 hombres (55.1%). La edad más prevalente: lactantes 31.4%. La prevalencia de IAAS fue del 13.5% (IC95% 13.33-13.68%). La principal IAAS fue la sepsis (40.4%), seguida por la neumonía (36.5%). La edad <24 meses RP 2.55 (IC95% 1.5-4.2, P<0.001), Desnutrición RP 4.07 (IC95% 2.5-6.6, P=<0.001),  hospitalización >14 días RP 32.0 (IC95% 16.6-61.6 P<0.001), uso de catéter venoso central RP 16.6 (IC95% 8.7-32.2, P<0.001).
Conclusiones: Existe una prevalencia de IASS mayor al 10% y se asocia con factores que condiciona mayor permanencia hospitalaria, desnutrición y uso de dispositivos invasivos.
Propuesta de un nuevo modelo predictivo de mortalidad en recién nacidos de alto riesgo y evaluación de su desempeño.
Authors: Noboa Salgado Mariana , González-Andrade Fabricio , Villagómez Aroca David Alfredo
Published: April 2021

Introducción: El objetivo del presente estudio fue establecer un modelo predictivo de mortalidad en recién nacidos de alto riesgo.
Métodos: el presente es un estudio epidemiológico, observacional y transversal, realizado en el Hospital Ginecológico Isidro Ayora, Quito, Ecuador, en 2019, incluyó 220 recién nacidos de alto riesgo.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 220 Recién nacidos de alto riesgo. No existen asociaciones significativas con factores prenatales, pero sí una relación estadística con el peso, la edad gestacional, el puntaje de APGAR, las necesidades de reanimación y la presencia de anomalías congénitas; también, con shock, hemorragia pulmonar, hiperglucemia, acidosis y estancia hospitalaria. no existen asociaciones significativas con factores prenatales, pero sí una relación estadística con el peso, la edad gestacional, el puntaje de APGAR, las necesidades de reanimación y la presencia de anomalías congénitas; también, con shock, hemorragia pulmonar, hiperglucemia, acidosis y estancia hospitalaria.
Conclusión: La presencia de mayor exceso de bases, mínima FiO2, choque séptico, al menos un defecto congénito, con pequeño para la edad gestacional, determina un 80% de probabilidad de muerte. Si el exceso de bases es superior a -12 mEq/L, el lactante tiene 13 veces más probabilidades de morir, y si requiere una FiO2 mínima superior al 29%, tiene 4.2 veces más probabilidades de morir. La fiabilidad del aumento de bases en exceso predice un 76,3% más de riesgo de muerte.
Prevalence of Hamstring Tightness Due to Prolonged Sitting Among Administrative Staff of Government College University, Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Ofce Faisalabad
Authors: Jabbar Mehreen , Mustansar Alishba , Arif Sana , Ayub Tayyaba
Published: April 2021

Hamstring muscle (HMS) tightness is known as the impotence of full knee extension while the hip is flexed which creates discomfort or pain along hip to knee in posterior compartment of thigh. The aim of this study is to evaluate thep r e v a l e n c e o f H M S t i g h t n e s s a m o n g administrative staff due to prolonged sitting.
Objective: To evaluate the HMS tightness due to prolonged sitting among administrative staff.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among 274 participants from administrative staff of Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Office Faisalabad (Fsd). To measure the poplitealangle, Active Knee Extension Test (AKE) was performed. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 17.
Results: This study showed that out of 274 participants 152 subjects showed hamstring tightness with prevalence of 55.5%. As the age advances, the HMS tightness also increases.
Conclusions: The present study shows that almost more than half participants from administrative staff of GCUF, Faisal Hospital and Commissioner Office Fsd have HMS tightness.
Analisis Nilai-Nilai Kearifan Lokal Rumah Limas Di Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Luciani Reta , Malihah Elly
Published: April 2021

Perkembangan zaman saat ini tentu kita tidak boleh melupakan kebudayaan yang telah ada karena budaya itu mengandung nilai-nilai luhur yang sangat perlu dilestarikan, sehingga nilai-nilai tersebut tidak terkikis oleh perkembangan globalisasi. Rumah Limas merupakan salah satu rumah adat yang ada di Sumatera Selatan, terdapat nilai-nilai kearifan lokal di Rumah Limas. Sehingga peneliti tertarik untuk menganilisis nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang terdapat di “Rumah Limas”. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dengan menggunakan teknik purposive dengan jumlah informan sebanyaktiga orang yang terdiri dari masyarakat Palembang, Turgait Museum Bala Putra Dewa, dan salah satu orang penulis buku Rumah Limas. Teknikpengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini terdapat nilai-nilai kearifan lokal Rumah Limas yaitu: nilai religius, nilai estetika, nilai sosial, nilai politik.
Segregasi Sosial Mahasiswa Perantau di Yogyakarta
Authors: Putri Amelia Susanto , Kiranantika Anggaunita
Published: April 2021

Hubungan yang tercipta antara mahasiswa dari Timur Indonesia dengan masyarakat lokal Yogyakarta cenderung tidak berjalan dengan harmonis. Hal ini diakibatkan oleh perbedaan kebudayaan antar keduanya. Namun, meskipun hubungan dan interaksi yang tercipta cenderung tidak harmonis, masih ada masyarakat yang dapat bersosialisasi dengan baik dengan pendatang, yaitu di daerah Gendeng, Kota Yogyakarta. Hubungan yang harmonis tersebut disebabkan oleh kemampuan dua masyarakat yang berbeda kebudayaan tersebut untuk beradaptasi. Mayoritas mahasiswa dari Indonesia Timur seperti NTT dan Papua memilih untuk hidup berkelompok disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor baik internal maupun eksternal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Dalam penelitian ini disumpulkan bahwa interaksi antara masyarakat lokal dengan mahasiswa pendatang dari Timur berpengaruh terhadap kehidupan mereka yang rukun dan harmoni. Perbedaan budaya yang ada dalam keduanya tidak akan menimbulkan konflik sejauh terdapat rasa toleransi antar keduanya. Mayoritas mahasiswa dari Timur Indonesia yang memilih untuk hidup berkelompok disebabkan oleh adanya apatisme dan cultural shock serta adanya stereotip dari masyarakat lokal. Stereotipe tersebut muncul sebagai akibat dari kuatnya framing yang dilakukan baik oleh lingkungan maupun media yang kemudian mempengaruhi pola pikir masyarakat.
Relationship between State and Civil Society: Theoretical Review
Authors: Barrow Abdou
Published: April 2021

Relationship between state and civil society has been of great interest in the field of social sciences especially in the field of sociology and political science. There have been several theorist that tries to look into this relationship. The aim of this paper is to review the theoretical approaches of Marxist, Elites, and Neo-Consensualist on the relations between state and civil society in nowadays societies. Research are based on literature studies, on conflict perspectives in sociology. These theories are very prominent when talking about state-civil society relationship in sociology. Marxist looks the relationship between the two as conflictual, meaning dominant civil society use the state as an instrument in exploiting the weak economic class. Elites argue the relationship differently from that of Marxist and liberals, as for them, state is run by few individuals at the expense of the mass. In the eye of Neo-Consensualist is entirely a different story, as that of Parson view certain prospectin the social world of constituting the society that is; norms, and values. As for Bellah he sought religion as a mechanism in the spirit of acculturating a kind of doctrine in a sense that, state and citizens go bye. Result for this theoretical views is elites show the relationship different from the Marxist and liberals, as for them the state is run by few individuals at the expense of the mass. This people are a minority group that has influence through economically, socially and the like but in short they have potentials in making things happen. This minority group the called them the elite as the mas they called the ruled.
Peran Ketua Adat Sedulur Sikep dalam Meningkatkan Pembangunan Masyarakat di Desa Sambongrejo
Authors: Ebrilianti Dheasrika Fernanda , Pranawa Sigit , Nurhadi Nurhadi
Published: April 2021

Pembangunan merupakan perubahan sosial yang direncanakan dalam lingkup politik, sosial, ekonomi, dan teknologi. Desa Sambongrejo memiliki nilai Indeks Desa Membangun (IDM) sebesar 0,5916 dan tercatat sebagai desa tertinggal di Kabupaten Blora. Sebagai desa adat Sedulur Sikep memiliki pemimpin informal yang berperan penting di dalam masyarakat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji peran ketua adat Sedulur Sikep dalam meningkatkan pembangunan masyarakat di Desa Sambongrejo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengambilan informan dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Validitas data menggunakan triangulasi sumber. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan model analisis interaktif dari Miles dan Huberman. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori Struktural Fungsionalisme Radcliffe Brown. Hasil temuan penelitian ini adalah peran ketua adat dalam meningkatkan pembangunan meliputi fisik maupun non fisik. Peran ketua adat sebagai perencana pembangunan, sebagai stakeholder dalam infrastruktur masyarakat, sebagai pelestari nilai-nilai budaya. Adapun akibat dari peran yang dilaksanakan ketua adat berdampak pada peningkatan solidaritas masyarakat, peningkatan pembangunan infrastruktur, dan peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia.
Enkulturasi Pendidikan Karakter Nilai dalam Kehidupan Sosial Budaya Masyarakat Talang Mamak
Authors: Mayenti Yelvia Septi , Wilodati Wilodati
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh keberadaan Adat Bagawe di tengah era globalisasi, yang tetap ada sebagaimana aslinya dari ajaran leluhur masyarakat Talang Mamak. Adat Bagawe ini menjadi hal yang unik di tengah era globalisasi yang masih bertahan dari generasi ke generasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan proses enkulturasi dalam kehidupan sosial budaya masyarakat Talang Mamak di Desa Sungai Limau Indragiri Hulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode etnografi dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan datanya adalah observasi, wawancara, studi dokumentasi, dan studi literatur. Teknis analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi, display data, dan verifikasi. Uji keabsahan datanya menggunakan Triangulasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: (1) Bagawe dalam kehidupan sosial budaya penganut tiri tua atau kepercayaan Langkah Lama Suku Talang Mamak berdasarkan sistem kekerabatan matrilineal, yang tergambar jelas dalam adat istiadat perkawinan; (2) Nilai-nilai karakter yang terdapat pada Adat Bagawe dalam kehidupan sosial budaya penganut agama kepercayaan lama Suku Talang Mamak Desa Sungai Limau Kecamatan Indragiri Hulu adalah kesetiaan dan ketaatan yang tinggi pada adat istiadatnya; (3 ) Pendekatan pendidikan karakter yang dilakukan dalam kehidupan sosial budaya Suku Talang Mamak tercermin dari sikap demokratis/kebebasan dalam memilih pasangan hidup; (4) Peran nilai karakter Suku Talang Mamak dalam memperkuat pendidikan masyarakat yaitu peduli kepada adat dan lingkungan yang ditandai dengan motto “lebih baik mati anak dari pada mati adat”.
Peran Pengganti Orang Tua bagi Kehidupan Mahasiswa Perantauan di Kota Malang
Authors: Widodo Incka Aprillia
Published: April 2021

Kegiatan merantau seringkali dilakukan seseorang guna untuk memperbaiki ekonomi atau mencari mata pencaharian ataupun untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikannya. Banyak para remaja yang memutuskan untuk melanjutkan pendidikan ditempat yang jauh dari rumah mereka. Sehingga hal ini secara tidak langsung melatih kemandirian mereka untuk hidup sendiri jauh dari kedua orang tua dan keluarga. Namun pada akhirnya banyak permasalahan yang terjadi akibat dari hidup jauh dari keluarga yaitu mulai merasakan rindu serta kesendirian. Hingga hal ini menyebabkan munculnya sebuah fenomena figure pengganti orang tua dalam kehidupan mahasiswa dan mahasiswi perantauan terutama di Kota Malang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tujuan dari adanya figure ini adalah untuk membantu mereka survive di tempat perantauan. Selain itu figure ini memiliki peran seperti menjadi tempat berkeluh kesah, menjadi tempat untuk meminta pertolongan yang tidak bisa diungkapkan kepada orang tua, menjadi tempat mencari sebuah solusi, menjadi seseorang yang selalu menemani dalam segala kondisi. Beberapa anak perantauan juga menganggap hal ini penting tetapi ada juga yang menganggap ini tidak penting. Artikel ini ditulis menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif serta studi literature dari data-data sekunder seperti jurnal dan berita online. Analisis artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan teori interaksi simbolik dan pertukaran sosial. Artikel ini ditulis untuk mengetahui fenomena figure pengganti perang orang tua yang terjadi pada mahasiswa dan mahasiswi perantauan di Kota Malang.
Проблема социальной сплоченности в контексте государственных стратегий противодействия изменениям климата
Authors: Алиева Людмила Владимировна , Хришкевич Татьяна Георгиевна , Антонова Лидия Владимировна , Дмитриев Владимир Алексеевич
Published: April 2021

В статье рассматривается роль и место общества в реализации стратегий по борьбе с изменениями климата на примере российской, британской и германской практик. Сравнительный анализ подходов трех стран к построению климатической политики показывает, что наиболее остро потребность консолидации общества вокруг проблемы борьбы с изменением климата осознается в Великобритании и Германии, в то время как в России проблема обеспечения экологической безопасности решается государством в одиночку. Делается вывод, что социально-экологическая повестка дня является неотъемлемой частью современного политического дискурса, что подчеркивает актуальность проблемы; изменение климата становится основанием выработки новой социально-экономической политики стран, осознающих значимость проблемы климатических изменений; глобальные климатические изменения и являющиеся их следствием природные бедствия добавили к вечной проблеме социального неравенства новый аспект – экологический; повышение уровня социальной сплоченности должно способствовать приспособлению людей к меняющейся окружающей среде, взаимопомощи в случае чрезвычайных ситуаций, преодолению связанных с климатическими изменениями материальных и психологических рисков; достижение сплоченности является залогом устойчивого и сбалансированного развития в будущем.
Ранняя Византия и гендерные исследования: проблемы и перспективы (по поводу книги: Болгов Н.Н. От гетеры до игуменьи. Женщина в Ранней Византии: мир чувств и жизнь тела. М., 2020)
Authors: Ващева Ирина Юрьевна
Published: April 2021

В данной работе рассматривается круг проблем, связанных с гендерными исследованиями истории Ранней Византии. Импульсом к статье стал выход в 2020 г. научно-популярной книги Н.Н. Болгова «От гетеры до игуменьи. Женщина в Ранней Византии: мир чувств и жизнь тела». Отмечается, что в отечественной историографии до настоящего времени не сложилось подобного направления исследований. Собственно, и в целом историей Ранней Византии занимаются как основной проблематикой совсем немногие специалисты. Между тем в мировой науке это переходное время в последние десятилетия стало объектом пристального внимания со стороны многочисленных ученых, а количество публикаций приобрело взрывной характер. Сложилось и четко выраженное гендерное направление в изучении истории Поздней античности – Ранней Византии. Книга Н.Н. Болгова, имеющая несомненные достоинства в плане привлечения внимания к данной проблематике, должна послужить также стимулом к развитию исследований такого рода в отечественной византологии и, что не менее важно, обращена к массовому читателю и молодой аудитории. Автору удалось избрать корректную и уважительную интонацию в рамках светской науки при обращении к тематике, имеющей отношение к религиозной традиции.
К вопросу о происхождении этнонимов варяги и видиварии
Authors: Виноградов Алексей Евгеньевич
Published: April 2021

Спор об этнической природе и происхождении названия варягов, упомянутых в древнерусских летописях, продолжается уже не одно столетие. Исследователи опираются в основном на поздние скандинавские и византийские источники или же, наоборот, на античные сведения, фиксировавшие другую этническую картину по сравнению с той, что была в Восточной Европе к моменту летописного призвания варягов. При этом на второй план уходят известия источников о народах, населявших берега и острова Балтики в раннем средневековье, этнонимы которых связывают с Гуннской и Аварской державами. Именно эти этнонимы, возможно, являются кальками термина варяг и связанного с ним видиварии.
Северный Донбасс в экономической и политической системе Российского государства в XVI–XVII вв.: юрты, сторожи, города на Поле
Authors: Чепига Галина Геннадиевна
Published: April 2021

Данная статья посвящена вопросу освоения территории Среднего Подонцовья в период активизации политики российской военно-земледельческой колонизации в данном регионе. Период характеризуется переходом от полукочевого и кочевого хозяйственного быта к полной оседлости местного населения (XVI–XVII вв.). Ставится вопрос о роли юртов в этом процессе. Проведено сравнение употребления этого термина в России, в среде донского казачества и у татар. В тюркском понимании, в восприятии населения южнорусских окраин и донского казачества значение этого понятия в целом было сходно. Сделан вывод о том, что юрты как форма экономического освоения Поля предшествовали разворачиванию русской земледельческой колонизации, способствовали усилению политического влияния России, а также были одной из форм включения новых территорий в административную систему пограничных уездов России.
Карьерный сценарий чиновника Духовного ведомства во второй половине XIX – начале XX вв. (на примере секретарей Воронежской духовной консистории)
Authors: Кременева Марина Сергеевна
Published: April 2021

В данном исследовании анализируются сходства и различия в карьере пяти чиновников, которые во второй половине XIX – начале XX вв. занимали должность секретаря в Воронежской духовной консистории. Научная работа проводилась в русле антропологического подхода с использованием сравнительно-исторического и просопографического методов. Главными критериями для сопоставления карьерного пути выступили образование, первое и последнее место службы, а также место, которое предшествовало занятию рассматриваемой должности, чин в должности консисторского секретаря и награды, полученные за время служебной деятельности. Результатом проведённого исследования стала реконструкция карьерного сценария секретаря Воронежской духовной консистории.
Хорваты в боях против советских войск под Харьковом осенью 1941 года
Authors: Муромцева Людмила Халиловна
Published: April 2021

Одной из первых воинских частей, сформированных в Независимом Государстве Хорватия (существовало в течение 1941–1945 гг.), стал 369-й усиленный хорватский полк. Эта добровольческая часть была отправлена на Восточный фронт, где вошла в состав 100-й легкой пехотной дивизии вермахта. В течение октября – начала ноября 1941 г. хорватские легионеры вели боевые действия на Харьковском направлении против 76-й горно-стрелковой дивизии и других соединений советской 38-й армии. Понеся серьезные потери, хорватские военнослужащие, как свидетельствовали показания перебежчиков и пленных, начали разочаровываться в своем выборе и терять веру в победу нацистской Германии.
Белгородский учительский институт в современной историографии
Authors: Лю-Ку-Тан Виктория Александровна
Published: April 2021

Данное исследование представляет собой обобщение и систематизацию исследовательского опыта, анализ историографии 2000–2010-х годов, посвященной созданию и функционированию Белгородского учительского института в конце XIX – начале XX вв. В статье представлено количество научных публикаций, которые разделены на два периода по уровню публикационной активности. Изучены причины увеличения исследовательского интереса к истории Белгородского учительского института. По результатам анализа содержания научные публикации разделены на ряд тематических блоков: исследования нормативно-правовой базы, регламентирующей открытие и деятельность Белгородского учительского института, его место в системе педагогического образования Российской Империи; реконструкция и изучение биографий и научной деятельности директоров, преподавателей и выпускников учительского института; изучение повседневной жизни воспитанников городского училища при учительском институте.