bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Characterization of hemicelluloses from leaves and tops of the CC 8475, CC 8592, and V 7151 varieties of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L
Authors: Flórez Pardo Luz Marina , González Córdoba Andrea , López Galán Jorge Enrique
Published: September 2019

In this research, the types of hemicellulose that predominate in the leaves and tops of the three most cultivated varieties (CC 8475, CC 8592, V 7151) of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in Valle del Cauca, Colombia were determined. Hemicellulose analyses were performed after delignification with sodium chlorite and extraction with 18% NaOH and 24% KOH containing 0.26 M NaBH4. The main components of hemicellulose were identified via FTIR and NMR spectroscopy, and monomeric sugars were identified via HPLC. Hemicellulose A composed of arabinoxylans, glucomannans and arabinogalactactans and hemicellulose B primarily composed of arabinoxylans were extracted. The hemicelluloses of the Colombian varieties were more stable against heat than those of the Venezuelan variety. The results of this project allowed discovery of the potential use of agricultural sugarcane residues for bioethanol production because they have a holocellulose content of more than 60%.
Production and environmental impact of Ricinus Communis L oil for biofuel purposes
Authors: Penabad Sanz Laksmi , Rubio Erazo Diego , Rodríguez Ramos Pedro Antonio , Zumalacárregui de Cárdenas Lourdes , Pérez Ones Osney
Published: September 2019

This research shows the benefits of castor oil biomass with biofuel purposes, as a renewable energy source for Ecuador, as well as the economic feasibility of its production. The main considerations of every step of the business plan are summarized, placing greater emphasis on environmental and financial processes. Nineteen impact categories at the middle level and four impact categories at the final level were considered. The weighted environmental impact of the oil production for biofuel purposes ranks as a small impact: 9.74 %, so castor oil plant is environmentally friendly biomass.
Probabilistic sensitivity of the cost of earth moving to the variation of operating conditions
Authors: Zapata-Montenegro Estefanny , Orobio Armando
Published: September 2019

The construction comprises a wide spectrum of variables that need to be analyzed to carry out an adequate project planning to generate profit and to comply with the project technical specifications. The objective of this research is to study the variation of costs in earthworks according to the operating conditions of the construction equipment. The sensitivity of production and production costs to the variation of the operating conditions of the construction equipment were analyzed through a probabilistic model. The effect of variations on the parameters involved in the calculation of earthwork production were analyzed for the hauling equipment in different operating scenarios.
Instrumentation and control of an aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition system (AACVD)
Authors: Castrillón González Eduart Yesid , Hicapie Zapata Jorge Mario , Cruz Muñoz Beatriz , Dorantes Rodriguez Ruben Jose , Medina Barreto Milton Humberto
Published: September 2019

Aerosol-assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) is a technique implicates the atomization of a precursor solution into fine droplets which are dragged by a hot air flow throughout mobile nozzle unto heated reaction zone where occurring chemical reactions. In this work, implementation of the mechanical, electrical and electronic components for AACVD in descriptive way is presented. Equipment and experimental methods implemented are described, together to the automatization criteria of nozzle, temperature control of the heating plate and nebulizing system. The flowchart, the logic sequence of the speed control programming and statistical analysis of the nozzle displacement control were completed and checked, therefore an adequate link between the diverse components via Arduino with the design and automatization criteria was achieved. Finally, we conclude that the criteria and automatization process used permitted successfully to make uniform and reproducible coatings.
Identification of mechanical damage in the 'Fuji' apple cv. using artificial hyperspectral vision
Authors: García Navarrete Oscar Leonardo , Cubero García Sergio , Prats Montalbán José Manuel
Published: September 2019

One problem in the post-harvest phase of apples is the mechanical impact damage; its identification prevents quality issues during storage. The objective was to identify the wavelengths at which the damage is detected early in apples of the 'Fuji' cultivar, simulating the damage with a controlled stroke and taking hyperspectral images from 400 to 1700 nm. Three experiments were carried out at different temperatures (4 and 20 ° C) and with varying sampling times. It was found that in the NIR zone ranging between 1050 and 1100 nm, it was possible to classify healthy and bruised zones by means of a discriminant analysis by partial least squares (PLS-DA). Additionally, the evolution of the damage over time was not significant for the classification of the pixels (healthy and bruised classes), since bumps were detected in all three experiments from the first time.
Use of VIS-NIR-SWIR spectroscopy for the prediction of water status in soybean plants in the Colombian Piedmont Plains
Authors: Gutiérrez Rodríguez Betty Jazmín , Argüello Tovar José Orlando , García Navarrete Óscar Leonardo
Published: September 2019

Water stress due to soil water deficit is one of the limitations in the soybean production, which can be detected with multivariate statistical analysis and spectral reflectance signals, in the visible and near infrared range. This work was conducted to determine a spectral pattern during the stages of plant development from three conditions of soil water content. Cross validation was used for validation of the classification model, with an accuracy of 82.5%, and the model reached a mean of 82 and 90% of sensitivity and specificity, respectively, at the phenological state of pod filling. The regions with the highest correlation between factors and wavelengths were located at 400-600 nm and 1850-2100 nm, which are related with the peaks of water energy absorbance associated to the hydric state of the plant
Chemical characteristics of soil irrigated with produced water treatment and underground water
Authors: Oliveira Costa Danniely , Marques Vale Hudson Salatiel , Batista Rafael Oliveira , Travassos Kaline Dantas , Portela Jeane Cruz
Published: September 2019

Irrigation effects of produced water treatment, diluted in underground water, were analyzed through the chemical characteristics of argisol with foraging palm. Assay was performed in a randomized block design (RBD), with five replications, in a subdivided split plot scheme. Splits comprised treatments T1 (100% underground water - UW, control), T2 (75% UW and 25% produced water treatment - PW), T3 (50% UW and 50% PW), T4 (25% UW and 75% PW) and T5 (100% PW), whilst sub splits comprised soil depths (0 - 0.10 m and 0.10 - 0.20 m). The results showed that irrigation with diluted treated water produced no risk of soil salinization. There was evidence of leaching of the mobile ions to the deeper layer of soil, especially sodium and magnesium. The highest risk of sodification was observed for soil irrigated only with groundwater (T1 - control treatment).
Uses of Therapeutic Laser in Pediatric Dentistry: Review of the Literature. Case Reports
Authors: Rosales B. M.E. Miguel A. , Torre D.M.E.P. Gabriela , Saavedra Ch. C.D. Lydia H. , Márquez P. MEP Raúl , Ruiz R. M.I.C. Ma. del Socorro , Pozos G. D.C. Amaury de Jesús , Garrocho R. D.C. Arturo
Published: September 2019

The term "LASER" is an acronym for "Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation" (in Spanish "Amplificación de Luz por Emisión Estimulada de Radiación"). The use of laser technology in dentistry has had a constant evolution and development in the last 30 years. Two large groups of lasers should be distinguished: high-power or surgical and low-power or therapeutic. The most used in pediatric dentistry is the therapeutic or LLLT (or "soft"). The therapeutic laser is indicated for various anomalies such as hypersensitivity, gingivitis, herpes, paresthesias, trigeminal neuralgias, trismus, TMJ dysfunction, implants, activation of teeth whitening chemicals, among others. This article intends to perform an update of the applications of low power laser in the field of Pediatric Dentistry, as well as the presentation of 4 representative clinical cases.
Denture Labeling Using QR Codes. A Simplified Technique
Authors: Jiménez DDS Rodrigo A.
Published: September 2019

Denture identification procedures have multiple benefits for denture wearers. These include prevention of losing or misplacing dentures and forensic identification of victims. A simplified inclusion technique is fully described to label dentures with QR code prints.
The Use of Botulinum Toxin in the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia (Fifth Cranial Nerve)
Authors: Marín Naranjo MQC, MSc Rita María
Published: September 2019

The Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) is described as  neuropathic pain at the orofacial level, characterized by unbearable pain that can last from a few seconds to several minutes. The different treatments used for these patients are to numb the nerve, surgical, pharmacological, and the administration at extra and intraoral level of botulinum toxin, which is a neurotoxin produced in cultures of the bacterium Clostridium botulinum in a natural way; in the sporulation process are 7 subtypes being the subtype A the most used in neurological problems. The botulinum toxin acts as a neuromuscular blocker, by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at the synaptic space, which is an important neurotransmitter to produce local muscle relaxation, and the patients report reductions in the frequency and intensity of pain with minimal side effects. The injection of botulinum toxin produces an effective pain reduction of neuropathic origin in the hyperalgesic tissue and is used as adjuvant therapy when oral medications do not give adequate control of pain. Over time it is expected to reduce the drugs as the patient tells that the pain has decreased or is being controlled. Patients are indicated the variation of time in which they can obtain relief of their pain. In patients with uncontrolled pain of the trigeminal nerve, the toxin is placed extraoral in the orofacial region with high effectiveness, but there is a lack of studies on the administration in the intraoral submucosal.
Effects of an Antioxidant on the Shear Bond Strengths of Orthodontic Brackets After Conventional and Laser-Assisted Extra-Coronal Bleaching
Authors: Fundaoĝlu Küçükekenci DDS Funda , Küçükekenci DDS, PhD Ahmet Serkan , Kutalmiş Büyük DDS, PhD Süleyman
Published: September 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of antioxidant on the shear bond strengths (SBS) of orthodontic brackets bonded to human enamel after extra-coronal bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (HP). Materials and methods: Fifty freshly extracted premolars were randomly divided into three groups. One group (Group 1) was bleached with 40% HP (n=20), another group (Group 2) was bleached with 40% HP and activated with an Nd: YAG laser (n=20), and a control group (Group 3) received no treatment (n=10). After the bleaching procedure, Groups 1 and 2 were further divided into two subgroups (Group 1a, Group 1b, Group 2a, and Group 2b). Specimens in Groups 1a and 2a (n=10) received no antioxidant application. A 10% sodium ascorbate solution was applied to specimens in Groups 1b and 2b (n=10). The brackets were then bonded with light-cure adhesive paste to the enamel surfaces of all experimental groups. Specimens were subjected to SBS tests for debonding. Results: The SBS of brackets bonded in Groups 1 and 2 were significantly lower than those of brackets bonded to the control group (p<0.001); however, no statistically significant differences in SBS were noted in Groups 1 and 2 (p>0.001). The antioxidant-treated SBS of brackets in Groups 1b and 2b were significantly higher than those of Groups 1a and 2a (p<0.001). Conclusions: The application of 40% HP had a negative effect on the bond strength. The use of antioxidant for 15 min resulted in the reversal of failed bond strength.
Comparative study of anthropometric measurement and body composition between soccer players from different competitive levels, elite and sub-elite
Authors: Masanovic B. , Milosevic Z. , Bjelica D.
Published: September 2019

Background and Study Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe anthropometric characteristics and body composition of soccer players from different competitive levels, elite and sub-elite as well as to make comparison between them. Material and Methods: Seventy-seven subjects were enrolled in this study, divided into three groups: twenty-six elite soccer players, twenty sub-elite soccer players and thirty-one healthy sedentary subjects. All subjects were assessed for anthropometric measurements required for the calculation of body composition variables using standardized procedures which were recommended by previous studies. Data was analyzed by using SPSS and the descriptive statistics were expressed as a mean (SD) for each variable, while the ANOVA and the LSD Post Hoc tests were carried out to discover effects of each type of sport. Results: The results showed that a significant difference was found in weight, body mass index, bone content and body fat, while a significant difference was not found in two remaining variables, height and muscle mass. Conclusions: Therefore, these findings may give coaches from the region better working knowledge and thus provide knowledges for soccer experts which will help them to select talented players as best as possible.
The psychophysiological differences between expert and novice rifle shooters during the aiming period
Authors: Yıldız M. , Fidan U.
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Determination of mental status of the rifle shooters during the shooting performance is critical for the development of mental training programs according to their skill levels. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychophysiological differences of expert and novice rifle shooters. Material: Fourteen expert (age: 28.08±9.12 years, height: 176.12±4.24 cm, weight: 73.56±5.28 kg) and twenty novice shooters (age: 21.08±3.12 years, height: 177.42±3.74 cm, and weight: 71.56±3.57 kg) participated in the current study. The participants performed five shootings from a distance of 10m. The averages of each shooter’s five shooting scores, values of attention and meditation, and heart rate between 5-sec before shooting and shooting moment were obtained. Results: It was determined that shooting scores (10.02 ±0.49 vs. 7.6±2.86, p<0.01, respectively) and meditation level (71.50±21.05 vs. 52.93±20.54, p<0.05, respectively) were significantly higher in the experts while attention level (73.63±21.11 vs. 59.76±21.26, p<0.05, respectively), and heart rate (105.34±12.12 vs. 98.67±7,12 bpm, p<0.05, respectively) were found higher in the novices. Conclusions: The novices and experts present different psychophysiological responses during the aiming period. It is suggested that the psychophysiological differences can be useful to categorize shooters and to provide feedback in training because it is important to develop programs according to group levels, especially in the development of mental training programs. Besides, it is determined that the mobile EEG device is an effective method for determining the mental status of athletes in sports specific activities.
Validity of testing and training using the kayak ergometer
Authors: Zanevskyy I.P. , Chodinow W. , Zanevska L.H.
Published: September 2019

Background and Study Aim. The paper is dedicated to the problem of the strength testing and training using the ergometer rowing performance in the flat water kayak sport. The aim of the research was to create a model of validity based on the relationship between the ergometer and on-water performance competition rowing. Material and Methods. Nineteen 15-17 years old male kayak rowers during the off-season were randomly divided into two groups. An experimental group trained according the same program as the control group, but two times a week a part of the common strength training exercises was substituted with a high-intensity strength training using the ergometer rowing. A whole amount of strength loading on all the rowers of the two groups was equal. Validity of testing and training of the ergometer rowing in the kayak sport was evaluated using interclass correlation between competition performance on 500 m on-water kayak and ergometer rowing. Results. Strong significant correlation is revealed between competition performance of on-water kayak and ergometer rowing before and after the off-season (| r | = 0.892, 0.902, p <0.001), that shows rather good validity. Other result of the correlation analysis shows good prognostic ability of the ergometer performance regarding competition performance of on-water kayaking (| r | = 0.913). Conclusions. The proposed model based on the relationship between the ergometer and on-water performance competition rowing shows rather good validity of the strength testing and training in the on-water kayak sport.
Impact of coordination training on the development of speed among young judokas from 10 to 12 years old
Authors: Zeghari L. , Moufti H. , Arfaoui A. , Gaidi A. , Addal K.
Published: September 2019

Purpose: Judo is a combat sport requiring physical qualities that include speed and coordination. They are essential for brief and intense attacks. Study the impact of a training based on coordination adapted to the age group (10 to 12 years) on the development of speediness among young’s judokas. Materials: The study was conducted at Svelty Club, sports association in Kenitra, city in north-western Morocco, from March 2nd, 2019 to May 5th, 2019, on a sample of 12 young judoka aged from 10 to 12 years divided into two groups, control group and experimental group. At first both groups received two tests, 10m speed test and Uchi Komi test, which we considered initial tests. The experimental group had a training program spread over 12 weeks that focused on the development of speed through coordination. For the control group, we followed the regular training of the club. Both tests were re-administered after the end of the training program (final tests). Results : The initial test value for the experimental group for Uchi Komi test was 7 ± 0.9, and the final test was 8.7 ± 1.03, which shows a significant difference according to the T test, (p = 0.001≤ 0.05) in contrast to the control group (p = 0.23≥0.05). For the 10m speed test, the experimental group showed a significant difference between the value of the initial test and the final test (p = 0.003≤0.05), unlike the control group (p = 0.93≥0.05). Conclusion: The development of physical qualities is still the primary goal of coaches; however this development is more decisive for young athletes. Our study has shown that a coordination training adapted to each athlete’s age can help coaches better develop other qualities namely speed.
Improving the ecological efficiency of the processing industry of agricultural security on the basis of economic instruments
Authors: Savon D. Yu. , Kolotyri K. P. , Romanov A. V.
Published: September 2019

The issues of ensuring the environmental safety of the functioning of the processing industry in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, on the basis of economic mechanisms, are considered. The high level of resource use in the processing of agricultural products contributes to environmental pollution, reduces the competitiveness of the industry, increases the level of costs. A rather large deterioration and obsolescence of the equipment of the processing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex does not allow for the environmentally safe processing of agricultural products. Of particular concern are enterprises of the meat processing industry, which produce waste, which creates an unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situation in the regions. In this regard, it is necessary to develop such a system of economic incentives for the implementation of resource-saving projects of the processing industry enterprises in the agro-industrial complex, which would improve the environmental and economic efficiency of the studied industry. Given the high capital investment in modern resource-saving equipment, it is advisable to pay attention to the sources of funding for these projects on a preferential basis. Among the measures for the economic stimulation of projects for the processing of agricultural products by the industrial method, the article proposes both credit and financial instruments, including preferential loans and leasing, and preferential taxation, and an environmental fee. In order to stimulate projects for the acquisition of resource-saving equipment in the processing of agricultural products, it is proposed to use such an effective tool as accelerated depreciation, which allows manufacturers to reduce costs when replacing old equipment with more modern ones. In order to increase risk management efficiency, when implementing projects for industrial processing of agricultural products, it is proposed to use public-private partnership tools that minimize risks, including environmental ones, due to their redistribution between participants, based on such forms as delegation of management and concessions.
World practice of managing electricity demand
Authors: Nekhoroshikh I. N. , Dobrinova T. V. , Anisimov A. Yu. , Zhaglovskaya A. V.
Published: September 2019

The article explores the complex world practice of managing the demand for electricity, which allows not only to reduce consumer spending, but also to increase economic efficiency, reduce the demand for power systems, and reduce the need for additional generating capacity and resources. accordingly, a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. The authors of the article argue that the development and implementation of structural elements and the creation of mechanisms for determining market indicators, taking into account the pricing model nodes adopted in the wholesale market. Currently, there is interest in energy crises and the desire to increase the demand for energy resources for the construction of expensive generators of highpower and network infrastructures, and re using effective re-market mechanisms. Reducing the demand for electricity requires less cost for the efficient operation of generating facilities. Reducing electricity consumption can lead to lower electricity
Management of professional training
Authors: Solov’ev V. P. , Pereskokova T. A.
Published: September 2019

The planned modernization of the higher education system should be based on the analysis of the initial state of the system at the present time, problems encountered in recent years and suggestions from all stakeholders. The quality of education of graduates (level of competence) depends on the organization and implementation of the educational process (the contribution of the University) and the activity of students (the contribution of students). Considered the expediency of using the results of student’s surveys to adjust the educational process. Shown that the educational program can take into account the propensity of students to a particular type of activity (technologist, organizer, researcher). Determining the causes of students ’ anxiety helps to improve the educational process and relations with students. Argued that the quality of education increases with earlier adaptation of students to the educational environment of the University. It is shown how the degree of formation of volitional qualities of students affects the manifestation of such properties as responsibility, discipline, organization and diligence. The success of professional activities of graduates of educational organizations will be determined by the direction of their life goals. The assessment of life goals of students shows the need for continuous improvement of socio-cultural (educational) environment in universities. Measures for improvement of educational process and improvement of pedagogical qualification of teachers are offered.
Modelo de Avaliação das Competências Tutoriais Aplicado aos Cursos De Graduação da UFAM no Âmbito da UAB
Authors: Dutra Jurandir , Rodrigues Joao Victor
Published: September 2019

Propõe-se neste trabalho a concepção estrutural de um modelo de avaliação das competências tutoriais aos cursos de educação a distância oferecidos pela Universidade Federal do Amazonas – UFAM no âmbito da Universidade Aberta do Brasil – UAB visando funcionar como uma ferramenta gerencial para a tomada de decisão, mas também como instrumento norteador autoavaliativo. O modelo desenvolvido foi elaborado de acordo com a metodologia de 360º, onde todos os atores envolvidos no sistema participam. A proposta aborda sete dimensões de competências tutoriais, sendo seis comportamentais e uma técnica. Foram aplicados questionários aos alunos, coordenadores de tutoria e ao próprio tutor. No total de 612 respostas, 502 foram de alunos, sendo que cada aluno avaliou até dois tutores – presencial e/ou a distância. Após a coleta inicial dos dados passou-se a calibração e validação do modelo. Os ajustes foram realizados para dar celeridade e segurança ao processo. Os testes estatísticos aplicados retornaram com forte significância, tanto para o universo da amostra estudada, quanto para o comportamento das respostas obtidas. Dessa forma, é possível afirmar que o modelo proposto dentro das dimensões avaliadas apresenta relevância e significância, como pode ser observado pela distribuição e agrupamento espacial dos fatores analisados estatisticamente.
El sentimiento de la posguerra: la Revista de Santander y el existencialismo, 1945-1967
Authors: Ortega Rey Angie Daniela , Villabona Ardila Juliana , Acevedo Tarazona Álvaro
Published: September 2019

la Revista de Santander se constituyó en un referente intelectual del departamento de Santander desde su primera entrega en junio de 1945, pues abrió una puerta para que el pensamiento crítico fuera expresado por las letras de intelectuales tanto nacionales como extranjeros, mostrando en sus páginas las grandes ideas y preocupaciones que embargaron al espíritu de la época en sus diversas formas de manifestación. El propósito de este artículo es presentar la Revista de Santander desde la perspectiva del contenido, centrando la mirada en la corriente filosófica del existencialismo, identificada como una influencia relevante dentro de la atmósfera literaria de la época.
Primeras voces desde el archivo de Rafael Humberto Moreno-Durán: el “Capítulo catalán”
Authors: Rodríguez Argáez Juan Carlos
Published: September 2019

este artículo se desarrolla en el marco de la recuperación del archivo del escritor colombiano Rafael Humberto Moreno-Durán. Por un lado, se analiza un texto inédito hallado en su archivo (“Parábola sobre el retorno, trece años después”) y se determina que, en algún momento, haría parte del “Capítulo catalán” (1985). Por otro lado, se exponen las razones por las cuales el “Capítulo catalán” se considera la piedra angular de su proyecto autobiográfico (La augusta sílaba), y cómo en este el autor pretende esbozar y constituir un momento de la literatura colombiana y latinoamericana posterior al boom latinoamericano.
A saúde no STF: o ressarcimento interfederativo à luz do Recurso Extraordinário nº 855.178
Authors: Bevilacqua Lucas , Dos Santos Julia Maria Tomás
Published: September 2019

Objective: to criticaly analyze the joint liability of federal, state and municipal governments regarding medication supply, stated by Brazil’s Supreme Court with general repercussion on the RE 855.178/SE, when construing on the commom competence established in the Federal Constitution, in order to draw attention to the need to regulate the reimbursement mechanisms of federation entities so the balance of the federative pact is restored. Methodology: theoretical and documentary research on the federation entities reimbursement mechanisms regarding the right to health, focusing mainly on the case that has led to the judicial decision in question. The documentary revision was the technical procedure adopted in order to proceed to the indirect observation through official documents, using as sources of secondary data the proposition of Súmula Vinculante nº 4 e the bill nº 4.869/2016, available on Brazilian government’s official websites. Results: the reimbursement mechanism stated by Brazil’s Supreme Court privileges the access to justice by making judicial granting of medication a faster mechanism and, because of that, it tends to increase judicialization of the right to health. Conclusions: it is foreseen the failing to comply with the second part of the established method, regarding the reimbursement of federation entities, due to the intricacy and weakness of the current reimbursement system.
O financiamento pelos Estados de política pública de saúde de atribuição da União: a afronta às disposições da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal e à regra de ouro do Direito Financeiro
Authors: Lopes Fernando Augusto Montai y
Published: September 2019

Objective: to analyze decisions in lawsuits, in which there is determination for the defendants to make the financial reimbursement on the administrative route due to the fulfillment of mandatory benefits related to the right to health. Methods: bibliographic and legislative review and application of the deductive analysis method, from the comparison between the amounts paid by the state entities and the absence of administrative reimbursement of the Union. Results: inocurrence of administrative reimbursement for the absence of specific regulatory norms and omission of the Union. Conclusions: the judicial determination of administrative reimbursement between defendants, in actions related to the right to health, violates the legal provisions that prohibit the execution of credit operations between federated entities, resulting in the need for reimbursement for compliance with the decision of the Judiciary occurs in the course of the lawsuit.
A judicialização de medicamentos imunoterápicos sem registro na Anvisa: o caso do Estado de São Paulo
Authors: De Oliveira Daniel Buffone , Silva Rafael Augusto Mantovani , De Paula Ellen Alves , Cassamassimo Raphael Pereira , De Siqueira Paula Sue Facundo , De Melo Daniela Oliveira
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The drug approval minimally guarantees the safety in the label directions. With the judgment of Extraordinary Appeal No. 67718, this issue is not pacified. The aim of this study is to compare the indications approved by the American (FDA), European (EMA) and Brazilian (Anvisa) health agencies and to analyze data regarding the indication of immunotherapeutic drugs for cancer treatment, in lawsuits against the Secretary of State of Health of São Paulo (SES/SP). Methods: Documentary research was performed on the package leaflets of six immunotherapeutic drugs available in July 2019 on the websites of the health agencies eligible for the study, and comparing the indication of these drugs in lawsuits in the state of São Paulo, using data from reports. or scanned documents available on the S-Codes system. Results: All drugs are registered for at least one indication in the 3 health agencies, but with differences in the approved indications, many of them being conditional approvals (fast track). The average time between FDA and Anvisa approval was 464.5 ± 170.8 days, and 278 (98%) of the demands occurred post-registration with Anvisa. There is little information available in the scanned documents, but it was possible to identify situations involving indications as well as genetic test results. Discussion and Conclusion: analysis shows that the FDA tends to be less rigorous in approving new indications, and that most demands would not meet the criteria of RE 657718/2019. Despite the progress in discussions involving the judicialization of health, it is necessary to discuss the off-label use of these drugs and their specificity.
As responsabilidades solidária e subsidiária no federalismo brasileiro: contextualização em matéria de saúde e posicionamento do Supremo Tribunal Federal
Authors: Rey Filho Moacyr , Pereira Sylvia Patrícia Dantas
Published: September 2019

Objective: the article analyzes the distinction between joint and several liability of federative entities for the provision of health actions and services and contributes to the indication of objective criteria for the establishment of these responsibilities. Methodology: the constitutional and legal provisions were verified, bringing the doctrinal divergence and the position of the Supreme Court regarding the establishment of the responsibility of the federative entities as solidary. Results: the discussions should deepen so that the subsidiary responsibility of the federated entities is determined according to objective criteria of decentralization, regionalization and hierarchization defined by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) managers. Conclusion: it is necessary for the Supreme Court to evaluate more closely the SUS governance model, constituted by its own unconstitutional rules, which bring the autonomy of the federated entities to discipline their duties in the protection and implementation of the right to health.
Desafios da sistematização do direito sanitário: da consolidação normativa ao desenvolvimento teórico e dogmático
Authors: Bisol Jairo
Published: September 2019

La inflación de los actos normativos en los estados contemporáneos es un fenómeno que compromete la unidad y sistematización del derecho a la salud, con consecuencias directas en el alcance de los principios y conceptos estructurantes de las políticas de salud pública, y el debilitamiento de la legislación del Sistema Único de Salud. La salida que enfrenta este problema es la consolidación de los actos normativos como estrategia de defensa y garantía del derecho a la salud.
Digital Law and Problems of Gradual Transformation of the Russian Legal System
Authors: Sinyukov V. N.
Published: September 2019

The relevance of the topic of the balance between the system of law and processes of digitalization of legal regulation is preconditioned by fundamental changes that are taking place in the legal system of Russia due to current technological challenges. The author qualifies changes under consideration as the processes of gradual transformation of law and its system. The article explores the dynamics of evolution of the legal understanding of the world due to technical progress. The author concludes that the new technological lifestyle pattern changes not only the usual lifestyle of people, but also the nature of legal regulation. The problem of consistent legal interpretation of the technological revolution is presented. It is concluded that the preservation of the systemic unity of the legal form is possible on the basis of the step-by-step revision of foundations of macroorganization of law. The paper demonstrates the difference between the current period of development of law and the classical epoch that proves the fact that the legal culture is about to include the virtual world into its subject matter. A sectoral approach based on monodimensional or complex subjects and methods of legal regulation can no longer provide for the comprehensive understanding of the nature of law. The paper depicts the evolution of notions of the norm and institute of law on the basis of symbiosis of deontic and behavioral elements that characterize the concept of legal technology. The conclusion about normativity of technological processes is made. The article substantiates the place and role of digital law in the process of gradual transformation of the legal system. The article justifies the provision that digital law performs the function of restructuring the legal system. The article reveals the subjects and methods of digital law as a source of law having impact on social relations. The author suggests the concepts of digital environment that creates a new type of lawyerism, namely: digital and analog law, and describes the correlation between them. The author puts forward the hypothesis of fundamental and applied law, describes their subject areas. On the basis of the analysis of the structural evolution of the legal system in the context of technological changes, the author provides for the forecast of parameters of the future legal order. It is concluded that conflicts of virtual and classical legal orders can be resolved under norms of digital law that eliminate the contrasting sides of legal permits and prohibitions. The author poses the issues regarding subjects of digital legal culture development, the new legal language, the role of analog law in restructuring the legal system, the balance between digital law and national legal tradition. The hypothesis of national models of digitalization of legal culture is put forward.
Regulation of Interaction of an Individual with Autonomous Technical Devices: Legal Regimes Discussion
Authors: Kuteynikov D. L. , Izhaev O. A. , Lebedev V. A. , Zenin S. S.
Published: September 2019

The article is devoted to the study of legal approaches to the regulation of social relations associated with human interaction with technical devices (physical and virtual entities) capable of making decisions independently of the individual. The authors rely on the fact that technical means acquire the sign of autonomy only when they are under the control of an artificial cognitive system (artificial intelligence). It is shown that autonomous technical devices differ qualitatively from traditional objects of law (of material and intangible nature) due to their ability to perform legally significant actions independently of the will of the human. The thesis is put forward that human interaction with technical means should be considered in the following ways: interconnection (the actions of the object are under human control), coexistence (the actions of the object go beyond the will of the human) and merging (the actions of the object are under human control, but the object is implanted in a human being and is a part of him). It is concluded that at present legal regulation of human interaction with autonomous technical devicess is developing depending on the scope of their application and type of technologies. The authors propose an alternative approach representing the regulation of such social relations through the prism of legal models correlated with the ways of human interaction with technical devices (interconnection, coexistence and merging). This approach has made it possible to put forward and justify the idea that legal regimes for interconnection, coexistence and merging would be desirable in order to create sustainable and balanced regulation that provides for special ways of regulating legal relations and the use of a special set of legal means.
Theoretical and Methodological Problems of Legal Support of Ecological, Biosphere and Genetic Safety in the System of National Security of the Russian Federation
Authors: Zhavoronkova N. G. , Agafonov V. B.
Published: September 2019

The paper is devoted to the study of theoretical problems of legal provision of ecological, biosphere and genetic security in the system of national security of the Russian Federation. It is noted that from the legal point of view the process of «legitimization» of the term (concept) of environmental safety has been successfully completed. This term is widely used in legislation and law enforcement practice, however, the term «environmental safety» still does not have a pronounced context, distinguishable, for example, from the terms «environmental protection», «environmental risk», «sustainable development». If there is a legitimate (conservative) understanding of environmental safety, there is still no modern legal and clear, unambiguous and essential content of the concept of «safety» (including genetic, biological, biosphere, evolutionary and other currently relevant types of safety). Attempts to define safety (along with vulnerability) through threats, damages, stability, losses, have the right to exist, but do not give adequate and substantial sense. Based on the analysis of the current legislation and strategic planning documents, it is concluded that new theoretical and methodological approaches to the understanding of both the basic concept of «safety» and the concept of «environmental safety» are required. According to the authors, due to the emergence of new global challenges and threats (genetic, biosphere, biological, climatic, etc.) in a specific law it is advisable to revise the underlying definition of environmental safety, stressing its specificity. It is important to form the conceptual framework, including the definition and assessment of threats, risks; to select standards and methods of evaluation, classification of threats, their records; to provide for the variability of action of state authorities and local self-government in case of security threats and also the mechanism of participation of citizens and public associations in environmental decision-making on issues of environmental safety.
Convention Models of International Scientific and Technical Cooperation (Based on the Case Study of Marine Scientific Research)
Authors: Kozheurov Ya. S. , Teymurov E.
Published: September 2019

First, an attempt to describe the models of international scientific and technical cooperation caused the need to refer to the concept of a “legal model.” As a result of the conducted research, it is established that the unifying aspect in the understanding of the essence of the legal model is that it functions in a certain way reflecting (describing) objects, processes or phenomena of legal life. Taking into account the forms of international cooperation, it is proposed to separate the conventional and institutional models of international scientific and technical cooperation. The institutional model to greater extent characterizes the status and activities of the actors. The conventional model primarily reflects a set of legal regulators of interaction between the subjects. However, it is not limited to international treaties and customs, but also includes acts containing rules of soft law. In order to describe the conventional model of international scientific and technical cooperation in the field of marine research, the concept of “marine scientific research” has been analyzed, as well as the analysis of the development of the institution under consideration within the framework of the international law of the sea regulating the interaction between subjects of international law and other actors in the field of marine scientific research and the exchange of technology has been carried out. As a result, it is established that the conventional model of international scientific and technical cooperation in the field of marine scientific research is based on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982 and includes, as appropriate, bilateral and multilateral international treaties and agreements, decisions and resolutions of competent international organizations, as well as numerous instruments containing rules of soft law aimed at focusing on the various aspects of interaction.
International Legal Issues of Implementation of Scientific and Technological Cooperation
Authors: Sokolova N. A.
Published: September 2019

The paper deals with theoretical, legal and institutional issues of international scientific and technological cooperation (STC). The analysis of the current state of international scientific and technological cooperation is preceded by several statements characterizing the conditions in which such cooperation is developing. The author considers the features of international agreements on STC and prospects for cooperation in terms of international legal forms of scientific and trechnological cooperation. At present, the importance of legal norms regulating international scientific and technological cooperation in the system of international law is the subject of debate. It seems that STC issues are not limited to the sphere of economic cooperation, but also cover the issues of security, development of scientific research, role in solving global problems, for example, environmental or food, the protection of human rights. The objective need for the development of scientific cooperation determines the interest in its organizational forms. Since most of STC is carried out on the basis of bilateral agreements, the paper presents a more detailed description thereof. They have similar features in terms of defining principles, priorities, economic and organizational conditions, forms of cooperation, mechanisms of implementation. The conclusion of agreements on STC is aimed at implementing science policy through the development of research capacity and creation of the environment for cooperation in scientific and technological sphere. In general, international scientific and technological cooperation, taking into account the Russian experience, can develop in several directions. First, the coordination direction, as it happened within the CIS and led to the active development of bilateral relations. Secondly, the development of integration cooperation within the EAEU. Thirdly, a special format of cooperation within the BRICS.
Quality of Life of Physical Education Students from a Private Institution in the Western Zone of Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Triani Felipe , Villar Leandro De Abreu , Silva Marcelo Ferreira da , Pimentel Paulo Sérgio
Published: September 2019

AbstractQuality of Life is an indispensable measure to measure the conditions in which people of a certain social group live. Thus, considering that the reality of physical education students of a private institution is to work during the hours that are not in class, that is, they accumulate work and study activities, implying the absence of time to take care of health and, considering also the lack of studies in this line of research is that this research is persented. Thus, the objective of the present study was to know and analyze the level of quality of life of a group of students of physical education in Rio de Janeiro. A total of 100 physical education students between 18 and 28 years of age from the western zone of Rio de Janeiro who answered the questionnaire SF-36 participated. As a result, it was observed 91% level of functional capacity, 74% for the physical and emotional domains, 57% for mental aspects, 52% for vitality, 47% for general health, 24% of pain and 2% regarding social aspects. However, health professionals, due to precarious socioeconomic needs and working conditions, tend to have their own quality of life compromised to the detriment of professional practice.Keywords: Quality of Life. Physical Exertion. Health Profile.ResumoA Qualidade de Vida constitui uma medida indispensável para mensurar as condições em que pessoas de um determinado grupo social vivem. Dessa forma, considerando que a realidade de estudantes de educação física de instituição privada é trabalhar no horário que não estão em aula, ou seja, acumulam as atividades de trabalho e estudo, implicando à ausência de tempo para cuidar da saúde e, considerando ainda a carência de estudos nessa linha de investigação é que essa pesquisa se apresenta. Dessa maneira, o objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer e analisar o nível de qualidade de vida de um grupo de estudantes de Educação Física do Rio de Janeiro. Participaram 100 estudantes de Educação Física entre 18 e 28 anos da zona oeste do Rio de Janeiro que responderam ao questionário SF-36. Como resultado, percebeu-se um nível de 91% quanto à capacidade funcional, 74% para os domínios aspectos físicos e emocionais, 57% em relação aos aspectos mentais, 52% à vitalidade, 47% ao estado geral de saúde, 24% de dor e 2% no que se refere aos aspectos sociais. Embora profissionais da saúde, devido às necessidades socioeconômicas e condições de trabalho precarizadas, tendem a ter sua própria qualidade de vida comprometida em detrimento da prática profissional.Palavras-chave: Qualidade de Vida. Esforço Físico. Perfil de Saúde.