bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Epidemic Prevention Medical Special Clothing Based on Mathematical Model Analysis
Authors: Liu Hubin , Xu Qi , Wu Shan , Liu Yulong
Published: July 2021

Among the many diseases, the harm of infectious diseases is undoubtedly the first in terms of the scope of the disease and the threat to humans. In addition, most infectious diseases were regarded as terminal illnesses in the early stage of the outbreak. For example, smallpox and plague in history have even chosen to isolate patients and abandon them to prevent the spread of infectious diseases due to the lack of protection and treatment methods. Therefore, in the treatment of infectious diseases, epidemic prevention is very important. Based on this, this article discusses the research of special medical clothing design for epidemic prevention based on mathematical model analysis, hoping to provide strong help and support for epidemic prevention. First of all, this article understands the application status of mathematical models in the medical field and clothing design industry through literature research. Then, according to the functional requirements of antiepidemic medical special clothing in terms of protection from virus invasion and infection by other contact methods, this article established an antiepidemic clothing quality evaluation index system. Then, this article designs a simulation penetration test of pathogenic bacteria to test the protective function of the antiepidemic clothing and uses mathematical models to analyze the molecular structure and physical properties of the antiepidemic clothing materials. Finally, this article builds an analytic hierarchy model for the quality evaluation of epidemic prevention clothing based on the principle of analytic hierarchy process, analyzes the simulated experimental data and predicts the service life of the epidemic prevention clothing according to the performance degradation so that medical staff can replace it in time. The experimental results show that with the aid of mathematical model analysis, the quality of the epidemic prevention clothing is higher than the previous antiepidemic clothing design in terms of epidemic prevention performance, and in addition to the disposable epidemic prevention clothing, the multiple-use epidemic prevention clothing is not serious in the epidemic. Under these circumstances, it can maintain the antiepidemic performance for more than 2 months.
A Case Study of Optimization and Application of Soft‐Rock Roadway Support in Xiaokang Coal Mine, China
Authors: Guo Shuai , Zhu Xun-Guo , Liu Xun , Duan Hong-Fei
Published: July 2021

The roadway of S2S2 fully mechanized caving face (FMCF) in Xiaokang Coal Mine is one of the most typical deep‐buried soft‐rock roadways in China and had been repaired several times. In order to figure out the failure reasons of the original roadway support, the geological conditions were investigated, the surrounding rock stress was monitored, the rib displacement, roof separation, and floor heave were in situ measured, and the performance of the U‐shaped steel support was simulated. The above analysis results indicated that the support failure was mainly caused by (1) the unreasonable arch roadway section, (2) the high and complex surrounding rock stress, (3) the failure control of the floor heave, and (4) the inadequate self‐supporting capacity of the surrounding rock. For optimizing, the roadway section was changed to circle and a new full‐section combined support system of “belt‐cable‐mesh‐shotcrete and U‐shaped steel‐filling behind the support” was adopted, which could specifically control the floor heave, allow the roadway deformation in control, and improve the self‐supporting ability and stress field of the surrounding rock. To determine the support parameters, the selected U‐shaped steel support was verified by simulation, and various bolt‐cable support schemes were simulated and compared. Finally, such an optimized support scheme was applied in the roadway of the next replacement FMCF. The in situ monitoring showed that the rib‐to‐rib convergence and roof‐to‐floor convergence were both controlled within 600 mm, which indicated that the roadway was effectively controlled. This case study has important reference value and guiding function for the optimal design of the soft‐rock roadway support with similar geological conditions.
Computing Bounds for Second Zagreb Coindex of Sum Graphs
Authors: Javaid Muhammad , Ibraheem Muhammad , Ahmad Uzma , Zhu Q.
Published: July 2021

Topological indices or coindices are one of the graph-theoretic tools which are widely used to study the different structural and chemical properties of the under study networks or graphs in the subject of computer science and chemistry, respectively. For these investigations, the operations of graphs always played an important role for the study of the complex networks under the various topological indices or coindices. In this paper, we determine bounds for the second Zagreb coindex of a well-known family of graphs called

F

-sum (

S

-sum,

R

-sum,

Q

-sum, and

T

-sum) graphs in the form of Zagreb indices and coindices of their factor graphs, where these graphs are obtained by using four subdivision-related operations and Cartesian product of graphs. At the end, we illustrate the obtained results by providing the exact and bonded values of some specific

F

-sum graphs.
Multiconstraint Fuzzy Prediction Analysis Improved the Algorithm in Internet of Things
Authors: Deng Xiaoya
Published: July 2021

Multiconstraint prediction is a research hotspot and difficulty in the Internet of Things. Aiming at the main problems existing in the process of multiconstraint fuzzy prediction, this paper studies the related key technologies and methods and proposes an improved multiconstraint fuzzy prediction analysis algorithm in the application of Internet of Things. This paper introduces the multiconstraint attribute analysis, multiconstraint attribute normalization processing, multiconstraint attribute weight processing, multiconstraint attribute prediction analysis granularity setting, etc. and systematically calculates the ambiguity of multiconstraint attributes and realizes the multiconstraint fuzzy prediction analysis algorithm. Finally, combined with relevant cases, the algorithm is compared with the existing research results, which shows the effectiveness and feasibility of the algorithm in the Internet of Things.
Investigation on a Duct Noise Control Method through Membranes in Tandem
Authors: Shen Cheng , Yang Shasha , Fan Harris K. H. , Leung Randolph C. K.
Published: July 2021

Duct noise control is an important practical problem. This paper explores the vibro‐acoustic mechanism of duct noise through the membrane in tandem. Validity and feasibility of the proposed analytical model is demonstrated by comparing existing simplified models and full direct aeroacoustic simulation solved with the CE/SE model. It is shown that the coupling effect between two membranes in tandem is not negligible to predict system response. Moreover, introduction of multimembranes is important or even the only efficient way to apply this passive control method in practice.
Behavioral and Sociodemographic Determinants of Hypertension and Its Burden among Bank Employees in Metropolitan Cities of Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: Shitu Kegnie , Kassie Ayenew
Published: July 2021

Background. Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease and premature death worldwide. Bank workers are at higher risk of hypertension because of their work sedentary characteristics. However, little is known about the prevalence and determinants of hypertension among this group of population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among bank employees in metropolitan cities in Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia. Method. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 368 bank employees. A simple random sampling technique was used to select participants. A pretested self-administered questionnaire and biophysical measurements were employed to collect the data. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were done to summarize the data and identify factors associated with hypertension, respectively. Result. The overall prevalence of hypertension among bank employees was 52.4% (95% CI: 47.2, 57.7). Increased age (AOR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11), male sex (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.2, 5.1), overweight (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.5, 5.2), obesity (AOR = 5.6, 95% CI: 2.0, 11.3), moderate/high physical activity (AOR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.2, 0.62), daily fruit intake (AOR = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.3), stressful life event experience (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.01, 3.4), family history of hypertension (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.5, 5.4), and poor knowledge of CVDs (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2, 4.8) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion. The prevalence of hypertension among bank workers was very high. Increased age, male sex, overweight and obesity, daily fruit intake, moderate/high physical activity, the experience of stressful events, familial history of hypertension, and poor CVDs knowledge were associated with hypertension. Thus, raising awareness about cardiovascular disorders and behavior change interventions that enhance bank workers’ engagement in physical exercise, screening behavior, and a healthy diet is urgently required for this group of population.
A Three-Dimensional Mass-Spring Walking Model Could Describe the Ground Reaction Forces
Authors: Liang Huiqi , Xie Wenbo , Zhang Zhiqiang , Wei Peizi , Cui Changhui
Published: July 2021

The oscillatory behavior of the center of mass (CoM) and the ground reaction forces (GRFs) of walking people can be successfully explained by a 2D spring-loaded inverted pendulum (SLIP) model. However, the application of the 2D model is just restricted to a two-dimensional plane as the model fails to take the GRFs in the lateral direction into consideration. In this article, we simulated the gait cycle with a nonlinear dynamic model—a three-dimensional bipedal walking model—that compensated for defects in the 2D model. An experiment was conducted to compare the simulation results with the experimental data, which revealed that the experimental data of the ground reaction forces were in good agreement with the results of numerical simulation. A correlation analysis was also conducted between several initial dynamic parameters of the model. Through an examination of the impact of 3D dynamic parameters on the peaks of GRFs in three directions, we found that the 3D parameters had a major effect on the lateral GRFs. These findings demonstrate that the characteristics of human walking can be interpreted from a simple spring-damper system.
Research Progress on the Mechanism of Natural Product Ingredients in the Treatment of Uveitis
Authors: Li Sicong , Liu Fang , Zhang Kai , Tong Yujia , Liu Xin
Published: July 2021

Background. As the spectrum of ophthalmic diseases keeps changing, uveitis has gradually become one of the major blinding eye diseases in the world. In recent years, it has become a research hotspot to select effective components for uveitis treatment from natural drugs. Methods. We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases for studies written in English as well as Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), CQVIP, and Wan Fang database for studies written in Chinese (inception through 30 December 2020). Results. Eight kinds of natural product ingredients were included in this article. They were found to not only regulate the expression of cytokines, proliferation, and differentiation of T help cells but also inhibit the damage of cytokines and inflammatory cells to uvea, blood aqueous barrier, and blood retinal barrier. Conclusion. Natural product ingredients have their unique advantages in the treatment of uveitis. They have good anti-inflammatory effects without causing serious adverse reactions, which enables them to be promising choices for preventive and therapeutic strategy of uveitis.
Antibacterial and Mode of Action of Extracts from Endophytic Fungi Derived from Terminalia mantaly, Terminalia catappa, and Cananga odorata
Authors: Mbekou Michele Ines Kanko , Dize Darline , Yimgang Victorine Lorette , Djague Fred , Toghueo Rufin Marie Kouipou , Sewald Norbert , Lenta Bruno Njakou , Boyom Fabrice Fekam
Published: July 2021

Emerging drug‐resistant bacteria creates an urgent need to search for antibiotics drugs with novel mechanisms of action. Endophytes have established a reputation as a source of structurally novel secondary metabolites with a wide range of biological activities. In the present study, we explore the antibacterial potential of endophytic fungi isolated from different tissues of Terminalia mantaly, Terminalia catappa, and Cananga odorata. The crude ethyl acetate extracts of 56 different endophytic fungi were screened against seven bacterial strains using the broth microdilution method. The antibacterial modes of action of the most active extracts (04) were evaluated using E. coli ATCC 25922 and H. influenzae ATCC 49247 strains. Both the DPPH and FRAP assays were used to investigate their antioxidant activity, and their cytotoxicity against the Vero cell line was evaluated using the MTT assay. Out of the 56 crude extracts tested, about 13% were considered very active, 66% partially active, and 21% nonactive against all tested bacterial strains with MIC values ranging from 0.32 μg/mL to 25 μg/mL. The four more potent extracts (MIC <5 μg/mL) (from Aspergillus sp. N454, Aspergillus sp. N13, Curvularia sp. N101, and Aspergillus sp. N18) significantly lysed the bacteria cells, increased outer membrane permeability, reduced salt tolerance, and inhibited bacterial catalase activity. They exhibited a DPPH free radical scavenging activity with IC50 ranging from 150.71 to 936.08 μg/mL. Three of the four potent extracts were noncytotoxic against the Vero cells line (CC50 > 100 μg/mL). Results from this investigation demonstrated that endophytes from Cameroonian medicinal plants might content potent antibacterial metabolites. The bioguided fractionation of these potent extracts is ongoing to isolate and characterise potential active ingredients.
miR-129-5p Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs and Bone Regeneration via Repressing Dkk3
Authors: Zhao Changming , Gu Yulin , Wang Yan , Qin Qiaozhen , Wang Ting , Huang Meng , Zhang Heyang , Qu Yannv , Zhang Jingwen , Du Zhangzhen , Jiang Xiao-Xia , Xu Lulu
Published: July 2021

Objective. Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in osteogenic differentiation. However, the associated mechanisms remain elusive. This paper is aimed at exploring the role of miR-129-5p in regulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) differentiation and bone regeneration in vivo and in vitro. Methods. BMSCs were transduced by miR-129-5p mimic, miR-129-5p inhibitor, and negative control lentivirus. The ability of BMSC differentiation to osteoblast was tested by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS). The expression of osteogenic genes (Runx2, Bmp2, and OCN) was examined via quantitative RT-PCR and western blot. A mouse model of calvaria defect was investigated by Micro-CT, immunohistochemistry, and histological examination. The luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to confirm the binding between Dkk3 and miR-129-5p. For the transfection experiments, lipofectamine 3000 was used to transfect pcDNA-Dkk3 into BMSCs to overexpress Dkk3. Coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent localization assay were included for exploring the role of Dkk3 and β-catenin. Results. miR-129-5p was induced in BMSCs and MSC cell line C3H10T1/2 cells under osteogenic medium. Overexpression of miR-129-5p significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Moreover, BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p mimic exhibited better bone regeneration compared with BMSCs transduced with control counterpart in vivo. Luciferase and western blot data showed that Dickkopf3 (Dkk3) is a target gene of miR-129-5p and the expression of Dkk3 was inhibited in BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p mimic but enhanced in BMSCs transduced with miR-129-5p inhibitor. In addition, Dkk3 interacted with β-catenin directly. Conclusions. miR-129-5p promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and bone regeneration, and miR-129-5p/Dkk3 axis may be new potential targets for the treatment of bone defect and bone loss.
Electromagnetic Field Improved Nanoparticle Impact on Antioxidant Activity and Secondary Metabolite Production in Anthemis gilanica Seedlings
Authors: Hassanpour Halimeh , Eydi Ali , Hekmati Malak
Published: July 2021

Electromagnetic field (EMF) causes fundamental alternations in biological systems. In this study, we studied the effects of EMF on physiological responses and secondary metabolites production in SiO2 NP-treated Anthemis gilanica plants. The results indicated that EMF improved plant growth by inducing chlorophyll and carotenoid content, which led to enhanced biomass in SiO2 NP-treated plants. EMF enhanced adventitious roots in SiO2 NP-treated plants. EMF treatment improved the activity of antioxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in both control and SiO2 NP-treated plants. EMF and SiO2 NP treatments significantly declined hydrogen peroxide content in A. gilanica plants. Although protein content was reduced by SiO2 NP treatment, combined application of EMF with SiO2 NP caused a significant induction in protein content. Our results presented that EMF induced secondary metabolites accumulation such as flavonoid and phenol in SiO2 NP-treated A. gilanica plants. This work can open prospects for the production of the pharmaceutically high-value secondary metabolites.
A SIFT‐Like Feature Detector and Descriptor for Multibeam Sonar Imaging
Authors: Zhang Wanyuan , Zhou Tian , Xu Chao , Liu Meiqin
Published: July 2021

Multibeam imaging sonar has become an increasingly important tool in the field of underwater object detection and description. In recent years, the scale‐invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm has been widely adopted to obtain stable features of objects in sonar images but does not perform well on multibeam sonar images due to its sensitivity to speckle noise. In this paper, we introduce MBS‐SIFT, a SIFT‐like feature detector and descriptor for multibeam sonar images. This algorithm contains a feature detector followed by a local feature descriptor. A new gradient definition robust to speckle noise is presented to detect extrema in scale space, and then, interest points are filtered and located. It is also used to assign orientation and generate descriptors of interest points. Simulations and experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can capture features of underwater objects more accurately than existing approaches.
Hybrid Structures Applied to Subalgebras of BCH-Algebras
Authors: Muhiuddin G. , Al-Kadi D. , Khan W.A. , Jana C.
Published: July 2021

The algebraic structures have many applications in coding theory, cryptography, and security networks. In this paper, the notion of hybrid subalgebras ofBCH-algebras is introduced and related properties are investigated. Moreover, some characterizations of hybrid subalgebras ofBCH-algebras are given. Furthermore, we state and prove some theorems in hybrid subalgebras ofBCH-algebras. The homomorphic images and inverse images of fuzzyBCH-subalgebras are studied and discussed.
Fault Isolation for Desalting Processes Using Near-Infrared Measurements
Authors: Wang Zhiguo , Gao Yawen , Ge Yuan , Liu Fei
Published: July 2021

Due to the important role of crude oil desalting for the whole petroleum refining process, the near-infrared spectroscopy resulting from molecular vibration is used to detect and isolate potential faults of the desalting process in this paper. With the molecular spectral data reflected by the near-infrared spectroscopy, the principal component analysis is adopted to monitor the process to see if it is in a normal operating condition or not. Considering the feature that the dimension of near-infrared spectroscopy is much larger than the sample size, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator is employed to achieve an automatic variable selection procedure of the observed spectral data. Simultaneously, if some faults occur, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator can be used to locate the spectral region affected by the failure. In such a way, the roots of faults can be tracked according to the change of the wavelength numbers. Performances of the proposed fault detection and isolation approaches are evaluated based on the near-infrared spectroscopy sampled for the crude oil desalting process to show the effectiveness.
Associations of Subtype and Isomeric Plasma Carotenoids with Prostate Cancer Risk in Low-Income African and European Americans
Authors: Lee Sang-Ah , Cai Qiuyin , Franke Adrian A. , Steinwandel Mark , Wu Jie , Wen Wanqing , Zheng Wei , Blot William J. , Shu Xiao-Ou
Published: July 2021

Background:

Various carotenoids in circulation, including isomers, may have different influences on cancer risk.

Methods:

We conducted a nested case–control study including 343 incident prostate cancer cases and 640 controls individually matched on age, race, study site, and time of blood collection. Carotenoids investigated were carotene, cryptoxanthin, lycopene, dihydrolycopene, lutein, anhydrolutein, and zeaxanthin, including α versus β configurations and cis versus trans isomers. General linear model and conditional logistic regression were applied to evaluate associations for prostate cancer risk, with adjustment for potential confounders. We conducted additional analyses with further stratification by race, multivitamin use, and smoking status.

Results:

Case–control differences were found in carotenoid subtype levels, although not all reached the multiple comparison adjusted threshold for significance. Plasma lycopene [ORT1 vs. T3 = 0.51; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.29–0.87; Ptrend = 0.014], dihydrolycopene (ORT1 vs. T3 = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.18–0.74; Ptrend = 0.006), and cis-anhydrolutein (ORT1 vs. T3 = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.33–0.96; Ptrend = 0.037) were inversely, while β-trans-carotene (ORT1 vs. T3 = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.32–3.43; Ptrend = 0.002) and trans-lutein (ORT1 vs. T3, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.20–2.88; Ptrend = 0.006) were positively associated with prostate cancer risk. Stratified analyses showed inverse associations of lycopene, dihydrolycopene, and cis-anhydrolutein with prostate cancer risk in subjects without multivitamin use; lycopene and dihydrolycopene in African-Americans and current smokers; and dihydrolycopene in nonsmokers. Positive associations of β-trans-carotene and trans-lutein were observed in African-Americans, nonsmokers, and multivitamin users.

Conclusions:

The associations of carotenoids with risk of prostate cancer differed by carotenoid subtypes.

Impact:

Public health recommendations on carotenoid intakes for prostate cancer prevention should take subtypes and isomers into consideration.
Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research Cancer Prevention Recommendations and Colorectal Cancer Survival
Authors: Song Rui , Petimar Joshua , Wang Molin , Tabung Fred K. , Song Mingyang , Liu Li , Lee Dong Hoon , Giovannucci Edward L. , Zhang Xuehong , Smith-Warner Stephanie A.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Patients with cancer are recommended to follow cancer prevention guidelines due to inadequate evidence for specific recommendations for cancer survivors.

Methods:

We examined whether diet and lifestyle scores measuring adherence to the 2018 World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) cancer prevention guidelines were associated with colorectal cancer–specific and overall mortality among 1,491 patients with colorectal cancer in two prospective cohorts. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate the multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results:

During a median follow-up of 7.92 years, there were 641 deaths (179 colorectal cancer–specific deaths). Patients in the highest quartile of the post-diagnostic WCRF/AICR lifestyle score including diet, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity had a 24% lower risk (HR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.49–1.18) of colorectal cancer–specific mortality and a 37% lower risk (HR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.50–0.78) of overall mortality compared with the lowest quartile. When BMI was not included in the lifestyle score due to potential disease-related weight loss, stronger inverse associations were observed for both colorectal cancer–specific and overall mortality for the same comparison (colorectal cancer–specific: HR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.32–0.79; overall: HR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.47–0.75). The post-diagnostic WCRF/AICR diet score was not statistically significantly associated with either colorectal cancer–specific or overall mortality.

Conclusions:

Greater adherence to the WCRF/AICR cancer prevention recommendations was associated with improved survival in patients with colorectal cancer.

Impact:

This study provides support for patients with colorectal cancer to follow cancer prevention recommendations after diagnosis. Future studies on cancer survivors will continue to contribute to evidence-based diet and lifestyle recommendations for patients with cancer.
Characteristics and Outcomes of Over 300,000 Patients with COVID-19 and History of Cancer in the United States and Spain
Authors: Roel Elena , Pistillo Andrea , Recalde Martina , Sena Anthony G. , Fernández-Bertolín Sergio , Aragón Maria , Puente Diana , Ahmed Waheed-Ul-Rahman , Alghoul Heba , Alser Osaid , Alshammari Thamir M. , Areia Carlos , Blacketer Clair , Carter William , Casajust Paula , Culhane Aedin C. , Dawoud Dalia , DeFalco Frank , DuVall Scott L. , Falconer Thomas , Golozar Asieh , Gong Mengchun , Hester Laura , Hripcsak George , Tan Eng Hooi , Jeon Hokyun , Jonnagaddala Jitendra , Lai Lana Y.H. , Lynch Kristine E. , Matheny Michael E. , Morales Daniel R. , Natarajan Karthik , Nyberg Fredrik , Ostropolets Anna , Posada José D. , Prats-Uribe Albert , Reich Christian G. , Rivera Donna R. , Schilling Lisa M. , Soerjomataram Isabelle , Shah Karishma , Shah Nigam H. , Shen Yang , Spotniz Matthew , Subbian Vignesh , Suchard Marc A. , Trama Annalisa , Zhang Lin , Zhang Ying , Ryan Patrick B. , Prieto-Alhambra Daniel , Kostka Kristin , Duarte-Salles Talita
Published: July 2021

Background:

We described the demographics, cancer subtypes, comorbidities, and outcomes of patients with a history of cancer and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Second, we compared patients hospitalized with COVID-19 to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and patients hospitalized with influenza.

Methods:

We conducted a cohort study using eight routinely collected health care databases from Spain and the United States, standardized to the Observational Medical Outcome Partnership common data model. Three cohorts of patients with a history of cancer were included: (i) diagnosed with COVID-19, (ii) hospitalized with COVID-19, and (iii) hospitalized with influenza in 2017 to 2018. Patients were followed from index date to 30 days or death. We reported demographics, cancer subtypes, comorbidities, and 30-day outcomes.

Results:

We included 366,050 and 119,597 patients diagnosed and hospitalized with COVID-19, respectively. Prostate and breast cancers were the most frequent cancers (range: 5%–18% and 1%–14% in the diagnosed cohort, respectively). Hematologic malignancies were also frequent, with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma being among the five most common cancer subtypes in the diagnosed cohort. Overall, patients were aged above 65 years and had multiple comorbidities. Occurrence of death ranged from 2% to 14% and from 6% to 26% in the diagnosed and hospitalized COVID-19 cohorts, respectively. Patients hospitalized with influenza (n = 67,743) had a similar distribution of cancer subtypes, sex, age, and comorbidities but lower occurrence of adverse events.

Conclusions:

Patients with a history of cancer and COVID-19 had multiple comorbidities and a high occurrence of COVID-19-related events. Hematologic malignancies were frequent.

Impact:

This study provides epidemiologic characteristics that can inform clinical care and etiologic studies.
Inhibition of MET Signaling with Ficlatuzumab in Combination with Chemotherapy in Refractory AML: Clinical Outcomes and High-Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Wang Victoria E. , Blaser Bradley W. , Patel Ravi K. , Behbehani Gregory K. , Rao Arjun A. , Durbin-Johnson Blythe , Jiang Tommy , Logan Aaron C. , Settles Matthew , Mannis Gabriel N. , Olin Rebecca , Damon Lloyd E. , Martin Thomas G. , Sayre Peter H. , Gaensler Karin M. , McMahon Emma , Flanders Michael , Weinberg Vivian , Ye Chun J. , Carbone David P. , Munster Pamela N. , Fragiadakis Gabriela K. , McCormick Frank , Andreadis Charalambos
Published: July 2021

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients refractory to induction therapy or relapsed within 1 year have poor outcomes. Autocrine production of hepatocyte growth factor by myeloid blasts drives leukemogenesis in preclinical models. A phase Ib trial evaluated ficlatuzumab, a first-in-class anti-HGF antibody, in combination with cytarabine in this high-risk population. Dose-limiting toxicities were not observed, and 20 mg/kg was established as the recommended phase II dose. The most frequent treatment-related adverse event was febrile neutropenia. Among 17 evaluable patients, the overall response rate was 53%, all complete remissions. Phospho-proteomic mass cytometry showed potent on-target suppression of p-MET after ficlatuzumab treatment and that attenuation of p-S6 was associated with clinical response. Multiplexed single-cell RNA sequencing using prospectively acquired patient specimens identified IFN response genes as adverse predictive factors. The ficlatuzumab and cytarabine combination is well tolerated, with favorable efficacy. High-dimensional analyses at single-cell resolution represent promising approaches for identifying biomarkers of response and mechanisms of resistance in prospective clinical studies.

Significance:

This study demonstrates a favorable safety profile and promising clinical activity of ficlatuzumab and cytarabine in high-risk AML, thus supporting further investigation of this combination in a randomized trial. It also shows the utility of a novel application using multiplexed single-cell analyses to detect on-target activity and identify biomarkers of response.

This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 403
Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity Reaction to Red Tattoo Ink Triggered by Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir for Hepatitis C: A Case Report
Authors: McPhie Meghan L. , Ren Kevin Y.M. , Hendry J. Michael , Molin Sonja , Herzinger Thomas
Published: July 2021

Tattoos have become increasingly popular worldwide making adverse effects from tattoos a growing concern. In our report, we present a 51-year-old man who developed an unusual allergic reaction to the red ink portions of his tattoos that coincided with the initiation of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir treatment for his hepatitis C. Clinical and histological features were consistent with a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to red ink.
CircRNAs: Insights into Gastric Cancer
Authors: Rajgopal Sanjana , Fredrick Sherine Joanna , Parvathi Venkatachalam Deepa
Published: July 2021

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is recorded as the fifth most common cancer globally. The classic resemblance of early symptoms of chronic gastritis including nausea, dysphagia, and dyspepsia with GC is the current challenge limiting the early diagnosis of GC. The current diagnostic procedures of GC are limited due to their invasive nature. This directs the research question toward alternative approaches, specifically at the molecular level. Recent advances in molecular regulation of cancer suggest the prominence of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the multistep process of tumourigenesis. Summary: CircRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs, abundant in eukaryotes, with key roles in regulating genes and miRNAs as well as the alteration of processes involved in pathological conditions. Research studies have demonstrated the participation of circRNAs in the initiation and progression of tumours. This review provides a comprehensive insight into the potential of circRNAs as disease biomarkers for the early detection and treatment of GC. Key Messages: This study is an amalgamation of the implications and future prospects of circRNAs for the detection and potential treatment of GC.
The Effect of Water-Based Therapy Compared to Land-Based Therapy on Balance and Gait Parameters of Patients with Stroke: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zughbor Nour , Alwahshi Aisha , Abdelrahman Rahaf , Elnekiti Zeina , Elkareish Hoda , Gabor Marian Grace , Ramakrishnan Senthilnathan
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Stroke is defined as the lack of blood supply to the brain, leading to rapid loss of brain function presenting with impairments such as muscle weakness, spasticity, lack of coordination, and proprioception loss. Both hydrotherapy and land-based therapy aim to target these aspects in the process of rehabilitation. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of water-based therapy on balance and gait of patients with stroke compared to land-based therapy. Methods: Data for this review were extracted from databases such as CINAHL, OTseeker, Ovid, PEDro, and PubMed (MEDLINE) and other sources such as Google Scholar. PRISMA guidelines were followed to exclude irrelevant studies. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included, and methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. A meta-analysis of extracted data was conducted. Results: A total of 16 relevant RCTs were included for the review (n = 412 participants). All RCTs investigated the effect of water-based therapy compared to land-based therapy on balance and gait of patients with stroke. Meta-analysis of studies that used the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) as a primary outcome measure favored land-based therapy. Studies that used the Good Balance System (GBS) and the Biodex Balance System (BioBS) to measure the changes in anteroposterior sway and mediolateral sway favored water-based therapy. The overall pooled effect favored land-based therapy in improving gait parameters. Conclusion: Findings from meta-analysis support the effectiveness of land-based therapy in the improvement of balance and gait parameters of patients with stroke. However, the evidence for water-based therapy continues to be limited, and higher quality studies are required to determine the effectiveness of water-based therapy on patients with stroke, particularly on balance and gait.
How Yucatec Maya Children Learn to Help at Home
Authors: Alcalá Lucia , Cervera Montejano María Dolores , Fernandez Yuliana Stacy
Published: July 2021

Children’s household contributions have been studied across cultural communities, mostly on the basis of maternal reports. Less is known about children’s views of their contributions. This study examines Yucatec Maya children’s ethnotheories of learning to help at home and their motivation for helping. We interviewed 38 7- to 11-year-old children in two communities in the Yucatán Peninsula, México. Children in both communities contributed substantially to their families by regularly taking the initiative to help with family work. Children explained that they like to help and that helping is a shared responsibility among family members. Children’s sense of belonging and responsibility to the family seemed to be the driving forces in their contributions, as they pay attention to the needs of the family and take the initiative to learn and help. These findings demonstrate the relevance of studying children’s ethnotheories to understand cultural variations on learning to help at home.
Planejamento urbano em aglomerações transfronteiriças: análise dos sistemas de planejamento da aglomeração de Foz do Iguaçu (BR), Ciudad del Este (PY) e Puerto Iguazú (AR)
Authors: Soler Andre da , Pereira Gislene de Fátima
Published: July 2021

Na contemporaneidade, a realidade espacial urbana latino-americana é marcada por conformações territoriais nas quais as relações se dão de modo contínuo, extrapolando contornos administrativos tradicionais, inclusive limites nacionais. Este artigo reflete sobre os desafios do planejamento urbano nestes novos arranjos, focando-se em uma tipologia específica: as aglomerações transfronteiriças. O recorte espacial definido foi a aglomeração de Foz do Iguaçu (BR), Ciudad del Este (PY) e Puerto Iguazú (AR), conhecida como Tríplice Fronteira. O trabalho objetiva analisar a configuração do planejamento em cada uma das cidades dessa aglomeração, a partir do levantamento das normativas vigentes, em específico daquelas relativas ao uso do solo. Constata-se que o planejamento existente reforça uma lógica de integração em determinados setores e de segregação no restante. Diante disso, o trabalho aponta a necessidade de alternativas de atuação do planejamento nas áreas urbanas transfronteiriças, capazes de responder às particularidades destas tipologias específicas.
Pobreza y criminalización de la infancia en Cuba (1857-1936): reformatorios para menores delincuentes y estrategias biopolíticas
Authors: Ladrón de Guevara Marzal Javier Ernesto , Martinhago Fernanda , Caponi Sandra
Published: July 2021

En el siglo XIX Cuba se convirtió en una importante potencia económica, aunque siguió dependiendo de España. Al mismo tiempo que se producían una serie de transformaciones sociales, la delincuencia aumentaba. Es así como, como parte de una estrategia biopolítica, se introdujeron mecanismos de intervención para esa población de indigentes, deambulantes, huérfanos pobres y enfermos mentales, colocados en el imaginario social y en el discurso político e intelectual como responsables de una situación de insalubridad y peligrosidad. Un sector objetivo de esa estrategia fue la infancia pobre, para las que, desde un discurso caritativo, se crearon una serie de instituciones reformatorias. En este artículo analizamos, desde una perspectiva foucaultiana, el funcionamiento de dos de estos espacios: el Asilo San José, que había funcionado hasta el final de la etapa colonial y la Escuela Correccional para varones, creada para reemplazar al anterior, pero con un desempeño similar.
A base espacial Chinesa em Neuquén, Argentina
Authors: Carvalho Rogério Nascimento
Published: July 2021

O objetivo do artigo é caracterizar a aproximação da República Popular da China a países da América Latina, neste caso à Argentina, tendo em vista a construção de estação espacial na província de Neuquén. Também tem o intuito de demonstrar fatores que levam a esta aproximação, pois a China foi responsável por auxiliar a economia argentina no momento em que esta passava por grave crise de credibilidade. A abordagem adotada é a de narrativa de fatos, complementada com dados exarados por documentos conjuntos e, ainda, extraídos de artigos científicos e reportagens recentes, abordando a forma como a China reverbera o soft power e começa a exercer influência na região. Coaduna-se também com o espírito chinês de cooperação e analisa-se como são na prática os acordos e compromissos assumidos. A conclusão dos documentos analisados permite depreender que a vontade chinesa em promover auxílio a países como a Argentina pode viabilizar uma etapa de prosperidade, sempre que os países tomem a devida atenção, já que a expansão chinesa se mostra pujante e, portanto, impossível de acompanhar para nações que não possuem a infraestrutura necessária, o que os levaria a depender cada vez mais das benesses chinesas.
Desenhar e (D)escrever: integração de história da arte e pensamento social na América Latina (século XIX)
Authors: Ciacchi Andrea
Published: July 2021

O trabalho apresenta uma proposta metodológica de abordagem da atuação e da produção de artistas visuais (pintores e fotógrafos; europeus e latino-americanos) que, tendo realizando viagens, curtas ou longas, ou se transferindo para países estrangeiros, dentro da América Latina, tenham produzido, além de obras inerentes aos seus campos artísticos (pinturas, desenhos, gravuras, fotografias etc.), também textos descritivos, narrativos e/ou analíticos (cartas, diários, relatos, relatórios, ensaios, livros, conferências, manifestos, artigos etc.), para comentar, analisar, ilustrar com palavras os cenários, os elementos e os aspectos das várias dimensões da alteridade (étnica, racial e social) da região com as quais tenham entrado em contato. O objetivo do trabalho é  apresentar uma proposta de uma linha temática e metodológica capaz de superar a disciplinarização nos estudos voltados ao pensamento social e à produção intelectual sobre América Latina. Para exemplificar a proposta, será abordado o caso de Guido Boggiani.
Dimensões do consumo sustentável no comportamento de consumidores de alimentos saudáveis
Authors: Cidade Noelle Rigel de Oliveira , Machado Diego de Queiroz , Romero Cláudia Buhamra Abreu , Reinaldo Hugo Osvaldo Acosta , Mota Winny Rebouças
Published: July 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar como os consumidores compreendem o conceito de alimentação saudável para, assim, identificar as principais características do comportamento do consumidor de alimentos saudáveis no que se refere às dimensões do consumo sustentável. Fez-se uso de uma abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa, aplicada mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados apontam que indivíduos com hábitos alimentares saudáveis são sensíveis às questões em torno do consumo sustentável, mesmo que não estejam por completo conscientes sobre os impactos ambientais causados por suas ações.
Overnight Rostral Fluid Shifts Exacerbate Obstructive Sleep Apnea After Stroke
Authors: Brown Devin L. , Yadollahi Azadeh , He Kevin , Xu Yuliang , Piper Bryan , Case Erin , Chervin Ronald D. , Lisabeth Lynda D.
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose:

Overnight shifts of fluid from lower to upper compartments exacerbate obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in some OSA populations. Given the high prevalence of OSA after stroke, decreased mobility and use of IV fluids among hospitalized patients with stroke, and improvement in OSA in the months after stroke, we hypothesized that overnight fluid shifts occur and are associated with OSA among patients with subacute ischemic stroke.

Methods:

Within a population-based project, we performed overnight sleep apnea tests (ApneaLink Plus) during ischemic stroke hospitalizations. Before sleep that evening, and the following morning before rising from bed, we assessed neck and calf circumference, and leg fluid volume (bioimpedance spectroscopy). The average per subject overnight change in the 3 fluid shift measurements was calculated and compared with zero. Linear regression was used to test the crude association between each of the 3 fluid shift measurements and the respiratory event index (REI).

Results:

Among the 292 participants, mean REI was 24 (SD=18). Within individuals, calf circumference decreased on average by 0.66 cm (SD=0.75 cm,
P
<0.001), leg fluid volume decreased by a mean of 135.6 mL (SD=132.8 mL,
P
<0.001), and neck circumference increased by 0.20 cm (SD=1.71 cm,
P
=0.07). In men, when the overnight change of calf circumference was negative, an interquartile range (0.8 cm) decrease in calf circumference overnight was significantly associated with a 25.1% increase in REI (
P
=0.02); the association was not significant in women. The relationship between overnight change in leg fluid volume and REI was U shaped.

Conclusions:

This population-based, multicenter, cross-sectional study showed that in hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke, nocturnal rostral fluid shifts occurred, and 2 of the 3 measures were associated with greater OSA severity. Interventions that limit overnight fluid shifts should be tested as potential treatments for OSA among patients with subacute ischemic stroke.
A Printed Primer of Kabbalistic Knowledge: Sha‘arei Orah in East-Central Europe
Authors: Stillman Avinoam J.
Published: July 2021

This article explores the printed editions of Joseph Gikatilla’s Sha‘arei Orah in the broader context of kabbalistic knowledge in early modern East-Central Europe. Following its first Italian editions, the book was reprinted several times. The Kraków 1600 edition with commentary by Matityah Delacrut presented Sha‘arei Orah as a kabbalistic lexicon and study aid. The Offenbach 1715 edition included additional notes that linked Sha‘arei Orah to the Safedian Kabbalah of Moses Cordovero and Isaac Luria. Finally, the several editions published in Żółkiew exemplify the diversification of Kabbalah in the contentious religious climate of eighteenth-century Eastern Europe. Each printing reflects a discrete historical context, yet Sha‘arei Orah was consistently seen as an introductory guide to Kabbalah. Threading together these unique moments reveals one trajectory of the history of Kabbalah, as printing brought esoteric texts to new generations of readers with new concerns and agendas.
D.T. Suzuki at the World Congress of Faiths in 1936
Authors: Moriya Tomoe
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the speeches that D.T. Suzuki presented at the World Congress of Faiths in London in 1936 and analyzes his interactions with Buddhists, sympathizers, and critics in the West during the interwar period. It will uncover how various reactions and historical contexts constructed Suzuki’s discourses, which prepared Suzuki for popularizing Zen in postwar Western countries. Compared to his early years and post-1949 lectures in the United States, as well as his English publications on Mahayana Buddhism, his half-year journey through Europe in 1936 is understudied. With limited access to primary sources in Japanese and English, previous studies tended to label him a “nationalist.” Instead, I analyze Suzuki’s discourses and other newly discovered primary sources from a historical perspective. Through this analysis, this paper will clarify Suzuki’s scheme to present Mahayana Buddhism, particularly Zen, to Westerners during the interwar period.
Zootaxa 5000: dates and frequencies of publications with notes on monographs and special collections
Authors: ZHANG ZHI-QIANG
Published: July 2021

On the occasion of the 5000th volume of Zootaxa, I herein provide the publication dates, page numbers and frequencies of all volumes/issues published in Zootaxa in one publication. The growth and development of Zootaxa are divided into three periods. The First Period (Explosive Growth) covers the first four years (Zootaxa 1 to 1,000) when each paper was separately issued; 67 monographs were published during this period.  The Second Period (Transformation) includes over seven years and a half from Zootaxa 1,001 to the last volume of 2012 (2,598 issues in total) when two or more papers were included in the same volume of 60 pages or more; 538 monographs of 60 pages or more and 16 special volumes (collections of papers) were separately issued as before. The Third Period (Sustainable Development) started from the first volume in 2013 when two or more issues were included in the same volume of 600 pages; 2,740 issues were published; 926 monographs and 29 special volumes were separately issued as before.