bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Market for Enteral Nutrition Products
Authors: Agarkova Evgeniya , Sherstneva Natalia
Published: April 2024

Balanced nutrition is an important stage that often defines the outcome of treatment process for many diseases. The demand for therapeutic nutrition increases as disease diagnostics becomes more successful. As a result, the development and production of dietary food formulas is a priority task for domestic food producers, especially in the conditions of import substitution. In fact, the European Union and the United States remain Russia’s key suppliers of enteral nutrition products: 90% of this market belongs to foreign companies. Ingredients for enteral nutrition products also come from abroad. Most domestic enteral products are produced by Infaprim. This company offers a wide range of products, including various types of baby formulas. However, the production volume is insufficient to meet the domestic demand, considering that new studies keep revealing the need for new enteral nutrition products for certain groups of patients. This review describes the main types of enteral nutrition foods on the Russian market. The formulas differ in protein content, whey proteins being the most popular ones, as well as in energy value, packaging, and chemical composition. The current state of the domestic market for enteral products determines an urgent need to develop new technologies for enteral nutrition foods to substitute the currently imported products.
Protein Determination in Milk: Urgent Issues
Authors: Lepilkina Olga , Grigorieva Anastasia , Guseva Alexandra
Published: April 2024

Formol titration is a familiar method for determining the mass fraction of protein in milk. However, it needs to be adapted to new instruments and modern metrology. The current methodology presented in State Standard GOST 25179-2014 requires a complex procedure to establish the alteration, which is often neglected by commercial laboratories and milk producers. This research clarified the formula for converting formol titration data into protein mass fraction without having to perform a variable correction. By processing 413 measurement results, the authors came up with two formulas: Y = 0.5X and Y 0.48X + 0.10, where Y is the mass fraction of protein (%) and X is the volume of sodium hydroxide spent on titration after adding formaldehyde to milk (cm3). Both formulas provided results close to those obtained by the Kjeldahl method, the correlation coefficient being ≥ 0.99. The conversion formulas made it possible to adapt the formol titration method to modern automatic potentiometric analyzers, thus optimizing the procedure and increasing its accuracy.
Therapeutic Strategies to Improve the Treatment of Pleural
Mesothelioma
Authors: Mirra Luca , Beretta Giovanni L. , Lisini Daniela , Marcianti Angela , Spampinato Eleonora , Corno Cristina , Costantino Matteo , Corsico Angelo , Stella Giulia Maria , Perego Paola
Published: April 2024

Pleural mesothelioma is a rare neoplastic disease with aggressive features. Patient survival is poor due to the lack of early symptoms and the absence of effective therapeutic strategies. The development of pleural mesothelioma is mainly associated with
asbestos exposure and related chronic inflammation. From a molecular-based perspective, this disease is a heterogeneous tumor lacking actionable alterations. The median
overall survival of patients affected by this tumor does not exceed 16 months from diagnosis. Molecular and biochemical approaches have shown that this disease is characterized by resistance to drug-induced apoptosis associated with the activation of cell survival pathways and expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Thus, there is an urgent need to
develop efficient and safe therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the pharmacological
options available for the treatment of this disease with specific reference to the antitumor agents used in systemic therapies. In addition, novel pharmacological approaches,
such as drug delivery tools, to improve pleural mesothelioma treatment are discussed.
Gold Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery System for the Diagnosis and
Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Gautam Darsh , Pandit Vinay , Kumar Sanjay , Talwan Poonam , Sharma Tarun
Published: April 2024

Managing bacterial pathogens in the central nervous system is an immense issue for researchers all around the globe. The problem of these infections remains throughout the population,
regardless of the discovery of several possible medicines. The major obstacle to drug delivery is
the BBB, but only a few medicines that fulfill demanding requirements can penetrate it. Considering inadequate antibiotic alternatives and the increasing development of resistance, it is more important than ever to find new approaches to address this worldwide problem. Medical nanotechnology has evolved as a cutting-edge and effective means of treating many of the most difficult CNS
illnesses, including bacterial meningitis. Various metallic nanoparticles, such as gold, silver, and titanium oxide, have shown bactericidal potential. Gold nanoparticles have gotten a great deal of interest due to their excellent biocompatibility, simplicity of surface modification, and optical qualities. The current study described AuNP-based detection and therapy options against meningitis--
causing bacteria, including bacterial pathogens' mechanisms for crossing BBB and AuNPs' mode
of Action against those bacteria. The current study looked into green synthesized bactericidal gold
nanoparticles-based therapy techniques for diagnosing and intervening in bacterial meningitis.
Nevertheless, more research is needed before these laboratory findings can be translated into therapeutic trials. Nonetheless, we can confidently assert that the knowledge acquired and addressed in
this study will benefit neuro-nanotechnology researchers.
Breast Cancer Diagnosis Using Computational Model: Recent Advancement
Authors: Sharma Rishav , Malviya Rishabha , Uniyal Prerna
Published: April 2024

Since breast cancer affects one in every four women, it is of the utmost need to investigate
novel diagnostic technologies and treatment techniques. This requires the development of diagnostic
techniques to simplify the identification of cancer cells, which helps monitor the success of cancer
therapy. One of the most significant obstacles that chemotherapy must overcome is the absence of
technologies that can measure its effectiveness while it is being administered. Additionally, due to its
steadily expanding prevalence and mortality rate, cancer has surpassed AIDS as the world's secondlargest
killer. Breast cancer accounts for a disproportionately high number of cancer-related deaths
among women worldwide, making precise, sensitive imaging a necessity for this disease. When
breast cancer is diagnosed early it can be treated successfully. As an alternate strategy, the use of cutting-
edge computational methodologies has been advocated for creating innovative breast cancer diagnostic
imaging techniques. The following article provides an overview of the traditional diagnostic
procedures that have historically been employed for the detection of breast carcinoma, as well as the
current methods that are being utilized. Furthermore, the investigators provided a comprehensive
overview of various mathematical frameworks, including Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Artificial
Neural Networks, and Robotics, highlighting their progress and potential applications in the field
of breast cancer diagnostic imaging.
Comprehensive Analysis and Experimental Validation of FOXD2
as a Novel Potential Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune
Infiltration in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: He Hanping , Yuan Feng , Li Ying , Pi Guoliang , Shi Hongwei , Li Yanping , Han Guang
Published: April 2024

Background:

The role of Forkhead Box D2 (FOXD2) in head and neck squamous
cell carcinoma (HNSC) has never been studied.

Object:

Our object was to explore the role of FOXD2 in HNSC.

Methods:

Clinical data for patients with HNSC was obtained from TCGA. Our study examined
the atypical expression of FOXD2 in both HNSC and pan-cancer, along with its diagnostic and
prognostic implications, as well as the association between FOXD2 expression and clinical
characteristics, immune infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, and MSI. Gene set enrichment
analysis (GESA) was used to investigate the potential regulation network of FOXD2 in HNSC.
We analyze the genomic alterations of FOXD2 in HNSC. GSE13397 and qRT-PCR were used
for the validation of FOXD2 expression.

Results:

FOXD2 was aberrantly expressed in 24 tumors. FOXD2 was significantly up-regulated
in HNSC compared to normal head and neck tissue (p < 0.001). High FOXD2 expression was
associated with the histologic grade of the patient with HNSC (p < 0.001), lymphovascular infiltration (p = 0.002) and lymph node neck dissection (p = 0.002). In HNSC, an autonomous correlation between FOXD2 expression and OS was observed (HR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.04-1.78; p =
0.026). FOXD2 was associated with the neuronal system, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, and retinoblastoma gene in cancer. FOXD2 was associated with immune infiltration, immune checkpoints, and MSI. The somatic mutation rate of FOXD2 in HNSC was 0.2%. FOXD2
was significantly up-regulated in HNSC cell lines.

Conclusion:

Our findings suggest that FOXD2 has the potential to serve as a prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target for individuals with HNSC.
Effects of Selenium Supplementation on Thyroid Nodule Volume in Euthyroid Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Zerehsaz Zeid , Yaghoubi Mohammad Ali , Teimouri Ali , Mousavi Zohreh , Najaf Najafi Mona , Moradi Ali , Mohebbi Masoud , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: April 2024

aims:

Evaluating the Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Thyroid Nodule Volume in Euthyroid Patients

background:

Selenium is an essential trace element, which plays a role in regulation of the metabolism of thyroid hormones.

objective:

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of selenium on the volume of thyroid nodules in euthyroid patients.

method:

In this triple-blinded clinical trial, a total of 60 euthyroid patients with benign thyroid nodules (solitary or multinodular goiter) and normal serum selenium were randomly divided into the case and control (n=30 each) groups. The case group received selenium 200 μg/day while the control group received placebo for 3 months. Thyroid ultrasound was used to measure thyroid nodule volume.

result:

Selenium supplementation (200 µg/day) retained the serum selenium levels of participants in the case group (P=0.251), while, the control group showed a significant drop in serum selenium levels (P=0.007). Moreover, the thyroid volume in case group showed a significant decrease after selenium supplementation (P=0.012); however, a nonsignificant increase was seen in thyroid volume in control group (P=0.832).

conclusion:

Selenium supplementation can reduce thyroid nodule volume in euthyroid patients.

other:

Selenium; supplementation; thyroid; thyroid volume; thyroid nodule; euthyroid
Sema3A Inhibits Osteolytic Bone Metastasis of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Wei , Shen Kaicheng , Liu Ruyan , Zhou Qi
Published: April 2024

Background:

Osteolytic bone metastasis is a common complication of Non-Small Cell
Lung Cancer (NSCLC), resulting in bone pain, hypercalcemia, and fractures that severely reduce
the quality of life and survival time of patients. Semaphorins 3A (Sema3A) is one of the isoforms
of the Semaphorins family, which is important in a variety of physiological and pathological processes,
such as angiogenesis, immune regulation, and tumorigenesis. However, the role of Sema3A
in the development of osteolytic bone metastasis in NSCLC is unknown.

Methods:

In this study, we established in vitro models simulating NSCLC cells in regulating the
differentiation and maturation of osteoblast and osteoclast precursors and observed the differentiation
of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Results:

The results demonstrated that the expression of Sema3A inhibited the proliferation, migration,
and invasion of NSCLC cells, as well as promoted the differentiation of osteoblasts and inhibited
the differentiation of osteoclasts, suggesting that Sema3A can inhibit the occurrence and
development of osteolytic bone metastasis of NSCLC.

Conclusion:

This study provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of osteolytic bone metastasis
in NSCLC.
Conducting Polymer Nanofibers and Nanotubes as a Potential
Nanotechnology: Current Status and Future Directions
Authors: Sharma Shivangi , Mohanalakhmi S.
Published: April 2024

Conducting polymers (CPs) have garnered a lot of attention in recent years due to the
financial significance they have, the high environmental stability they exhibit, the electrical conductivity they possess, and the beneficial mechanical, optical, and electronic qualities they possess.
Conducting polymers have a wide range of uses, including but not limited to the following: diodes,
transistors, artificial nerves, aviation construction, conducting adhesives, electromagnetic shielding
against electromagnetic interference (EMI), and electrostatic materials. These nanofibers and nanotubes have a wide range of potential applications, including but not limited to: actuators, drug delivery, brain interfaces, nanodiodes, field emission and electrochromic displays, supercapacitors and
energy storage, sensors, nanodiodes, field effect transistors, drug delivery, and protein purification.
The purpose of this review is to discuss a few of these applications as well as their possible applications in the future.
Nexus between Solidarity Economy, Cooperative and Digital Economy at the Local Level: The case of Malaysia
Authors: Robani Anidah , Ahamat Amiruddin , Kamarudin Mohd Fauzi , Mohd Zubir Siti Azwah
Published: April 2024

This study used Malaysian case as the empirical platform to articulate the issues of development at the local level mainly Desa Lestari (Sustainable Village) program of KPLB. The data were obtained mainly through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with government officials and communities. This paper highlights conceptually and practically how the Solidarity Economy, the Cooperative and Digitalization can be incorporated into a broader sustainability framework. This paper also demonstrates the potential and constraints in Desa Lestari program. This paper ends with an examination of possible plan of action for successful Desa Lestari program and local level development in general.
Designing Creative Music Education Materials for School Children in Malaysia: Implication for policy and teaching practices
Authors: Jamaludin Juriani , Md Noor Harrinni , Ismail Md Jais , Harith Mohamed Azhar
Published: April 2024

The Malaysian Ministry of Education aspires to produce knowledgeable, creative and innovative music pupils, teachers, educators, researchers, material writers, and curriculum designers. Thus, there is an urgency to advocate new and current ways of attracting 21st century pupils to learn music. This study involves designing educational music teaching materials and approaches. It also evaluates the effectiveness of musical creativity, engagement, and learning outcomes through musical experience, music composition, and music appreciation. The findings of this study provide insights on ways that will help policymakers, curriculum designers, and music teachers in Malaysia to develop quality teaching and learning materials for future music education.
Exploring Theories for Enhancing School Children's Path to Success as Entrepreneurs: A proposed systematic review
Authors: Mahamad Aziz Farhatul Mustamirrah , Abu Hasan Norraidah , Abdul Rahim Memiyanty , Abdul Rahman Maria Atikah , Mohd SobrI Nazatul Syazwani , Mat Aris Nurul Izzati
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to investigate the fundamental learning theories that can be utilized to foster motivation and aspiration among students, with the ultimate goal of cultivating their potential to become successful entrepreneurs or business owners. There is a scarcity of research or scholarly inquiry pertaining to the learning theories and the determinants that impact students' motivation to achieve success as entrepreneurs or business proprietors. The study employs the use of Reporting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES). This study could enhance student motivation in dynamic educational settings that foster an entrepreneurial mindset.
Examining Secondary School Students’ Perceptions of EFL Classes
Authors: Jelešković Emina , Mulalić Almasa
Published: April 2024

The aim of the paper is to examine the way secondary school students perceive their English classes, including their awareness of the importance of learning English as a foreign language. The participants were 2,107 students enrolled in 9 secondary schools in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research instrument was a survey questionnaire. Qualitative method was applied in analysing the students’ responses. The results show that, for students, the most important aspects of EFL classes are the following: teachers’ understanding and respect towards students, fair assessment, clear explanations provided in class, and teachers’ treating all students in class equally.
Role of Local Government in Implementing Low Carbon City in Shah Alam
Authors: Azhar Farah Nadia , Mohd Zain Zarina , Ayob Nor Azira
Published: April 2024

Low Carbon City Framework (LCCF) provides a guideline for local government to plan new strategies in reducing the carbon footprint to achieve sustainable development goals in Shah Alam, Selangor. This paper aims to examine the local government’s role in reducing carbon emission for the benefit of the community. This study prepares a qualitative approach through semi-structured interviews. The findings found that the success of converting Shah Alam into a low carbon city, requires effective strategies which includes raising awareness, developing an action plans, and implementation and continuous improvements. Through these, the success of local government can be identified in terms of economy, social and health.
Examining the Effectiveness of a Trade Union: Role of union strength and union leadership
Authors: Yaacob Mahazril ‘Aini , Mohd Noor Nurul Hidayana , Ngah Nor Syamaliah , Zol Bahari Mohammad Zulhafiy
Published: April 2024

This article aims to examine the influencing factors towards the effectiveness of the trade union from the perspectives of public sector union members. The present study used a quantitative research method involving a survey among 114 union members of Kesatuan Kakitangan Umum, Universiti Teknologi MARA (KKUUiTM). The findings revealed two important findings. First, the union members disclosed that their union was effective. Second, union strength and union leadership significantly influence trade union effectiveness. This research will help the union understand their strength and continuously improve its leadership to maintain its trade union effectiveness and contribute to greater union performance.
Disclosure of the Determinants for CLBG Board Effectiveness in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Shazilli May Sapura , Mat Darus Nur Alwani , Abas Nur Najwa Nasuha
Published: April 2024

This paper identified factors determining the Board of Director's effectiveness in the Company Limited by Guarantee (CLBG) in Malaysia due to the growing interest in the board's disclosure practices studies on a nonprofit company. The methodology involves survey by observing the websites and annual reports of twenty (20) CLBG as the case study to measure the extent of disclosure of the factors determining the Board of Directors and its committee effectiveness. The paper uses multiple-regression analysis to determine the significant determinants of the effectiveness of the Board of Directors. Findings show that disclosure by CLBG is important to the public.
Institutional Framework and Governance of the Water Sector and the Implication on Service Delivery
Authors: Raja Ariffin Raja Noriza , Sawon Sanisah , Abd Rahman Nur Hairani , Hanafi Hanira , Zahari Rustam Khairi
Published: April 2024

Water governance discourses usually state that “water crisis is a crisis of governance”. Improving governance is thus critical in ensuring water security. This study examines water sector governance and institutional framework's impact on service delivery. It employs a qualitative approach with Klang Valley, Selangor as the case study. Policy actors from federal and state governments are interviewed for primary data. Secondary data includes documents and archival records. The findings show that water service delivery was hampered by unclear jurisdiction, conflicting priorities, financial constraints, and the absence of political will. These findings imply that overcoming these challenges can be the basis for improving water service delivery system.
Public-Private Partnerships and Sustainable Development Goals: A case study of IIUM
Authors: Zahari Rustam Khairi , Mazlan Hazlina , Abdul Rani Amar , Mohd Rodzi Nur Zafirah , Raja Ariffin Raja Noriza
Published: April 2024

A community with aging infrastructure while struggling with maintenance due to limited allocation is becoming more common. This study discusses the initiatives by the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM) campus community of overcoming these challenges through Public-Private Partnerships. Instead of relying solely on government’s budget, IIUM and a private company embarked on a journey to achieve a landmark effort to become energy efficient and make a conscious effort to a better environment. Simultaneously, IIUM gets to reduce its carbon footprint which further strengthening the attainment of its Strategic Direction of Humanizing Education and the Sustainable Development Goals.
A Smartphone App to Support Self-Management for People Living With Sjögren's Syndrome: Qualitative Co-Design Workshops
Authors: McCallum Claire , Campbell Miglena , Vines John , Rapley Tim , Ellis Jason , Deary Vincent , Hackett Katie
Published: April 2024

Background

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is the second most common autoimmune rheumatic disease, and the range of symptoms includes fatigue, dryness, sleep disturbances, and pain. Smartphone apps may help deliver a variety of cognitive and behavioral techniques to support self-management in SS. However, app-based interventions must be carefully designed to promote engagement and motivate behavior change.

Objective

We aimed to explore self-management approaches and challenges experienced by people living with SS and produce a corresponding set of design recommendations that inform the design of an engaging, motivating, and evidence-based self-management app for those living with SS.

Methods

We conducted a series of 8 co-design workshops and an additional 3 interviews with participants who were unable to attend a workshop. These were audio recorded, transcribed, and initially thematically analyzed using an inductive approach. Then, the themes were mapped to the Self-Determination Theory domains of competency, autonomy, and relatedness.

Results

Participants experienced a considerable demand in the daily work required in self-managing their SS. The condition demanded unrelenting, fluctuating, and unpredictable mental, physical, and social efforts. Participants used a wide variety of techniques to self-manage their symptoms; however, their sense of competency was undermined by the complexity and interconnected nature of their symptoms and affected by interactions with others. The daily contexts in which this labor was occurring revealed ample opportunities to use digital health aids. The lived experience of participants showed that the constructs of competency, autonomy, and relatedness existed in a complex equilibrium with each other. Sometimes, they were disrupted by tensions, whereas on other occasions, they worked together harmoniously.

Conclusions

An SS self-management app needs to recognize the complexity and overlap of symptoms and the complexities of managing the condition in daily life. Identifying techniques that target several symptoms simultaneously may prevent users from becoming overwhelmed. Including techniques that support assertiveness and communication with others about the condition, its symptoms, and users’ limitations may support users in their interactions with others and improve engagement in symptom management strategies. For digital health aids (such as self-management apps) to provide meaningful support, they should be designed according to human needs such as competence, autonomy, and relatedness. However, the complexities among the 3 Self-Determination Theory constructs should be carefully considered, as they present both design difficulties and opportunities.
Understanding and addressing challenges with Electronic Health Record use in gynaecological oncology: a cross-sectional survey of multidisciplinary professionals in the United Kingdom and co-design of an integrated informatics platform to support clinical decision making. (Preprint)
Authors: Lear Rachael , Tookman Laura , Averill Phoebe , Samani Amit , Hunt Ashton , Papadimitriou Dimitri , Nkolobe Baleseng , Ghaem-Maghami Sadaf , Glampson Ben , McNeish Iain , Mayer Erik K
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

The benefits and challenges of Electronic Health Record (EHR) use may be particularly significant in complex, high-risk specialties such as gynaecological oncology, yet few studies address the experiences of end-users.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore perspectives on EHR use in gynaecological oncology and to develop an informatics platform for ovarian cancer.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a web-based questionnaire to capture UK professional experiences of EHR use. Free-text responses were analysed using content analysis; counts and proportions were calculated for quantitative data. An informatics platform was co-designed using human-centred design. Natural language processing was used to extract genomic results and operative details from free-text documentation.

RESULTS

Of 92 respondents, 84 (92.3%) access multiple electronic systems for clinical decision-making, with 28.6% (26/91) using ≥5 EHR systems. Around 17% (16/92) spend more than 50% of their clinical time looking for information in the EHR. Key challenges relate to fragmentation of the patient record across disparate systems meaning retrieval of pertinent information is often time-consuming. The main benefit of EHR use was perceived to be ease-of-access to patient information, yet 60.0% (54/90) of respondents do not have access to individual patient summaries. Our co-designed ovarian cancer informatics platform brings together patient data from different electronic systems and displays it in a single location to support clinical decision making.

CONCLUSIONS

EHR systems are not currently optimised to support decision-making in gynae-oncology. Co-designed clinical decision support tools could address challenges with data fragmentation and information retrieval towards improvements in the quality and safety of cancer care.
An Analysis of Subtitle Translation of Chang 'an from the Perspective of Skopos Theory
Authors: Li Qun , Sun Bingwen
Published: April 2024

Movies are carriers of culture and have become an indispensable means of cultural dissemination in today's society. The demand for subtitle translation is also constantly increasing. Subtitle translation in films is constrained by time, space, and culture; therefore, subtitles should be concise and easy to understand. This article analyzed and evaluated the subtitle translation of the Chinese film "Chang 'an" based on three rules of Skopos theory: skopos rules, intratextual coherence and fidelity rule. The translation purpose of the translator is to help the audience have a better viewing experience and accurately convey the information of Chinese subtitles through a concise English translation. When translating Chinese to English subtitles, translators should omit repetitive or plot-irrelevant information, add conjunctions to make the translation smooth and coherent and transform cultural differences.
Effect of Irrigation Cuttings at Different Growth Stages and Spraying with Citrullus Colocynthis Extract on the Leaf Water Balance of two Cultivars of Zea Mays L.
Authors: Hadi Tamara Sabah , Dawood Wisam Malik
Published: April 2024

A study in the real world with a Randomised Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) utilising a split-split diagrams layout with three separate replicates was carried out at the research facility of the college's water resources and soil sciences department at the Agriculture faculty / University of Diyala in the autumn season 2022. The experiment included three stages of cutting off irrigation: male flowering, milky stage, and three concentration levels of Citrullus Colocoynthis extract. Two cultivars of Zea mays L. were used: AGN720 and JAMESON. The concentration levels were 50 ml L-1 and 100 ml L-1, respectively, and two cultivars were used: AGN720 and JAMESON Citrullus Colocoynthis extract has an anti-transpiration effect on the water balance of leaves and water use efficacy of Zea mays L. grown under water stress conditions. The most important results are as follows: the AGN720 variety recorded the best water use efficiency, with an increase of 9.04% compared to the JAMESON variety. Spraying the extract of Citrullus Colocoynthis as anti-transpiration at a concentrate level of 100 ml L-1 increased the capability of water retention, relative water content, and water use efficiency. The irrigation cut-off treatment in the milky phase stage had the best water use efficiency, saving 2.559 kg of grain m-3 water compared to the no-cut irrigation treatment.
Influence of the extraction process on the chemical composition and oxidation state of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) seed oil
Authors: Ndiaye Edouard Mbarick , El Idrissi Yousra , Ayessou Nicolas Cyrille
Published: April 2024

Baobab oil is nowadays highly prized by local populations as well as the cosmetic industry. It is a rare oil due to the low oil content of the seeds of the baobab fruit (Adansonia digitata L.). To obtain this oil, the collected seeds were cleaned and ground into powder. Then, the extraction was done by pressing and solvent. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the extraction method on the composition of baobab oil. According to the results obtained, the solvent extraction process has an influence on the fatty acid composition, especially for oleic (36.42 vs 37.40) % and linoleic (26.85 vs 25.21) % acids. We note a significant difference in the total sterol in favor of the solvent extraction process (370.02 mg.100.g-1 for the oil obtained by pressing against 458.14 mg.100.g-1 for the oil obtained by solvent). Solvent extraction drastically reduces total tocopherols from 1562.4 mg.kg-1 to 547.6 mg.kg-1. The chlorophyll content decreases slightly. However, the carotenoid content increases slightly with solvent extraction. According to the results obtained, the soxhlet solvent extraction process has an effect on the chemical composition of the oil. The heat contributes to the oxidation of the oil and the reduction of sensitive elements such as tocopherols.
Clasificación de actividades humanas aplicando Inteligencia Computacional
Authors: López  Reynaga Brandon Alexis , Acevedo Mosqueda María Elena , Acevedo Mosqueda Marco Antonio , Gómez Coronel Sandra Luz
Published: April 2024

La actividad diaria es de gran importancia para llevar una vida saludable. El monitoreo de esa actividad permite a una persona saber si es necesario incrementar sus movimientos diarios para, al menos, cubrir la actividad mínima diaria para vivir con salud. El monitoreo de la actividad humana tiene varias aplicaciones, en este trabajo, el objetivo es la salud. El primer paso para lograr el objetivo es el de identificar los movimientos que realiza una persona. El conjunto de datos utilizado se obtuvo del repositorio de datos de UCI. La propuesta consiste en aplicar tres algoritmos de clasificación: K-NN, Regresión Logística y Redes Neuronales Convolucionales para identificar seis movimientos que son: caminar, subir escaleras, bajar escaleras, tomar asiento, ponerse de pie y acostarse. El método de validación empleado fue Hold-Out (80-20). Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron con las Redes Neuronales Convolucionales y se usaron las métricas: Exactitud: 99.03%, Precisión: 99.08% y F1-score: 99.12%. La aplicación de estos métodos logró que se mejorara el porcentaje de exactitud en la clasificación de actividades físicas.
Análisis hidrodinámico por CFD de una obra de toma de agua potable en una presa de almacenamiento
Authors: Zamora Juárez Miguel Angel , Guerra Cobián Víctor Hugo , Ferriño Fierro Adrián Leonardo
Published: April 2024

El análisis hidrodinámico de una Obra de Toma de Agua Potable (OTAP) y una sección de tubo de conducción en una presa de México fue evaluada usando el método de Dinámica de Fluidos Computacional (CFD). El objetivo del estudio fue visualizar el comportamiento del flujo en la estructura de la OTAP y de 36 metros del tubo que conduce hacia una planta de bombeo. La metodología estableció cuatro escenarios en función del nivel de almacenamiento H_OTAP y el caudal de extracción Q_out para satisfacer parte de la demanda de agua. El balance de caudal mostró que las entradas 01 y 02 aportan un promedio combinado de 61.34% del caudal de entrada a la torre. Sin embargo, la ubicación y orientación de la entrada 01, con respecto a la dirección del flujo en el tubo, induce un efecto de vorticidad y turbulencia que puede inducir efectos de vibración y desgaste en la conexión de la torre y el tubo a largo plazo. Los valores de velocidad y condiciones operativas permitieron caracterizar el flujo como turbulento y sub-crítico (Re=1.01x10^-6,Fr=0.29), respaldado por la estimación analítica y numérica de velocidad del agua a la salida con un error relativo de 4.44%. El efecto del paso de tiempo indicó un impacto mayor (3.61%) que los modelos de turbulencia (2.61%) en la solución numérica. Con base en los resultados se proporcionaron fundamentos para proponer un elemento disipador de energía en la parte inferior de la torre y reducir el nivel de vorticidad a lo largo del tubo, con el fin evitar vibraciones y desgaste por fatiga en la entrada del tubo de conducción de agua de la OTAP.
Inversor CHB-7 con capacidad de múltiples algoritmos MPPT simultáneos en sistemas fotovoltaicos asimétricos de media tensión
Authors: Díaz Díaz Luis Fernando , Lara Cardoso Jorge , Hernández Flores Concepción , Arjona López Marco Antonio
Published: April 2024

Este artículo presenta un inversor trifásico de puente H en cascada (PHC) de 7 niveles con capacidad de múltiples algoritmos simultáneos de seguimiento del punto de máxima potencia (PMP) en sistemas fotovoltaicos asimétricos de media tensión sin transformador. La contribución del presente trabajo de investigación es la propuesta de una novedosa estrategia de control de balanceo basada en la modificación de la modulación de ancho de pulso desplazada en fase (PWM-DF). Esta estrategia permite superar la limitante en trabajos previos de solo poder conectar arreglos con un número igual de paneles fotovoltaicos en serie/paralelo en cada puente H, y que todos ellos solo deban operar bajo condiciones iguales de irradiancia solar. Es importante resaltar que para la implementación de estos algoritmos simultáneos MPPT no se utiliza el clásico convertidor elevador de voltaje en cada puente H, lo que representa un ahorro económico y un aumento en la eficiencia del sistema. Por otro lado, la topología PHC-7 estudiada está basada en interruptores IGBT comerciales de 6.5kV, los cuales permiten la conexión directa del inversor a la red eléctrica de 13.8kV, eliminando así la necesidad de un transformador elevador, y con ello su peso, volumen y alto costo. Los resultados de simulación obtenidos en Matlab/SimPowerSystems validan el correcto y alto desempeño de los diferentes algoritmos MPPT operando al mismo tiempo con un conjunto de arreglos fotovoltaicos asimétricos teniendo una capacidad combinada de generación de 3MW. Con el inversor PHC-7 utilizado se logró alcanzar una eficiencia total de 98% en la potencia transferida a la red eléctrica y una muy buena calidad de la corriente de la red con tan solo 0.2% de distorsión armónica, además de que los IGBTs operaron por debajo del 86% de su voltaje colector-emisor máximo.
AI Enabled Chatbot
Authors: Pandey Siddhant , Pandey Nikhil Chandra , Bajaj Yash
Published: April 2024

Abstract: As technology continues its rapid evolution, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into chatbot systems emerges as a pivotal frontier in reshaping human-computer interaction. This research paper embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the intricate synergy between AI technologies and chatbot development, with a primary focus on elevating user interactions to unprecedented levels of sophistication and intuitiveness. By delving into a nuanced understanding of methodologies, technologies, and challenges, this study aims to provide a holistic perspective on the present state and future potential of AIenabled chatbots. The journey begins with a retrospective analysis of the evolution of chatbots, tracing their trajectory from rulebased systems to the forefront of AI-driven conversational agents. The advent of AI, particularly Natural Language Processing (NLP) and machine learning algorithms, has ushered in a new era, enabling chatbots to not only comprehend but also respond intelligently, mirroring the complexities of human language.
Intelligent Helmet for Bike Rider’s Safety
Authors: Madhuri Mrs. P. , Marepalli Lakshmi Raja Vaisali , Madhavi Konakanchi Sri Radha , Sri Boga Sneha , Akshethra Mandala
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The intelligent helmet introduced in the paper aims to bolster rider safety, especially in areas like India with high rates of motorcycle accidents. By incorporating features like alcohol detection and accident identification, it addresses common causes of accidents such as driver negligence or impairment. Integrated with the bike's ignition system, it prevents ignition activation if the rider is intoxicated, thus averting potential accidents. In case of an accident, the helmet autonomously alerts registered numbers or authorities, providing precise GPS location data for swift response. Additionally, it monitors real-time vehicle speed and triggers SMS alerts if speed limits are exceeded, aiming to prevent accidents caused by speeding. Through RF technology, the helmet ensures seamless connectivity with the bike's systems, facilitating efficient data transmission and significantly enhancing rider safety.
Fingerprint and RFID Based Bike and Car Ignition System
Authors: Reddy A. Vamshidhar , Yashwanth L. , Nithin L. , Dinesh M. Sai , Ramya K.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This project deals with the issue in a more preferable way and ensures the safety of the vehicle. This system aims to create a simple biometric vehicle ignition and security system that protects the vehicle from unauthorized users. This system comprises of Arduino Uno along with EM18 RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) module and R305 Fingerprint sensor. The RFID module checks for the validity of the RFID tag code and permits to proceed further. Proceeding further the fingerprint sensor checks for the authenticity of the fingerprint and ignition takes place. Protecting of vehicles from thefts is important of individuals. Vehicle has ignition keys (normal keys) those can be easily cloned. There are some smart keys available with expensive prices. Smart keys can be copied using some technical loopholes. Here we want to design and develop vehicle access with RFID based license card and fingerprint access. This kind design can’t be cloned easily because of two level authentications. The proposed project title is car ignition control with fingerprint and RFID using Arduino Uno
Strategic Significance of Nepal in India\'s Regional Security Strategy
Authors: Goyal Mohit , Mam Dr. Paroma
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This paper examines the strategic significance of Nepal in India's regional security strategy. Nepal, with its unique geographic location sandwiched between India and China, plays a crucial role in India's security calculus. This research explores the historical, geopolitical, and economic dimensions of the India-Nepal relationship, analyzing the factors that shape India's security interests in Nepal. The paper also discusses the challenges and opportunities in India's efforts to enhance its security cooperation with Nepal, highlighting the implications for regional stability and India's broader strategic objectives.
A Survey on Food Image Classification and Calorie Prediction Using Machine Learning
Authors: Phalke Dhanashree , Metre Vishakha , Kadam Adishri , Singh Aman , Magotra Khushi , Kadam Adishri
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This work aims to find new techniques for food type recognition, diabetes disease prediction and food recommendation have been proposed for managing the diabetic disease and for recommending food with required calorie for the persons detected with diabetes. Therefore, this Project work focuses on effective methods for identifying the food type and estimating its calorie values with reference to the calorie table. Moreover, it focuses on prediction of diabetic disease. Based on the predicted level of diabetes, food recommendations have been made for the required calorie values. By combining image classification with calorie prediction, the approach aims to empower users in making informed dietary choices and managing their caloric intake more effectively. The proposed method demonstrates promising outcomes in both food item classification accuracy and calorie estimation precision. Its potential application extends to supporting healthier eating habits and aiding dietary monitoring for individuals, dietitians, and the food industry. This technological approach could serve as a valuable tool in promoting nutritional awareness and combating diet-related health issues.
A Case Report of a Medial Medullary Infarction Patient with Menopausal Hot Flashes
Authors: Hwang Ye-chae
Published: April 2024

This case study reports on the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment for menopausal hot flashes in stroke patients. During hospitalization, a female patient with medial medullary infarction was diagnosed with menopausal hot flashes and received treatment with traditional Korean medicine and acupuncture. The assessment was performed by monitoring daily habits to relieve hot flashes. The hot flash index, menopause rating scale (MRS), menopause-specific quality of life (MENQoL) questionnaire, and Kupperman index (KI) were also used. After 28 days of treatment, the hot flash index improved from 27 to 2, MRS improved from 11 to 2, MENQoL improved from 40 to 21, and KI improved from 22 to 6. Thus, this case suggests that Korean medicine treatment may be effective for menopausal hot flashes in stroke patients.
Why Are Some Drugs in Short Supply?
Authors: Costello M. , West D. , Grey E.
Published: April 2024

Traditional market theory says that efficient markets will supply the quantity of a good or service demanded at a satisfactory price that clears the market by assuring that the quality demanded is equal to the quantity supplied. Markets are sometimes inefficient when supply does not meet demand, as is the current case with certain cancer medications and other frequently ordered pharmaceuticals.
Web-based approach to transforming geocentric coordinate systems
Authors: Vorobev A.V. , Vorobeva G.R.
Published: April 2024

Recently in modern geoinformatics, the task of transforming coordinate systems has been one of the most significant. In this case, coordinate processing is performed for various projections, supported by many geographic information systems and the corresponding software libraries. At the same time, problems associated with transformation into specialized coordinate systems for example geomagnetic ones remain practically unsolved. Moreover, such a conversion is necessary to describe various geophysical processes, the occurrence and course of which largely depend on the parameters of the main magnetic poles of the Earth. In the paper, the authors proposed a web-based approach to transforming a geographic coordinate system into a geomagnetic one and ensuring prompt results based on the original spatiotemporal parameters. The architecture of the web solution was modernized by combining various web patterns; it provides support for a plug-in structure and loose coupling of program modules. It is shown that the proposed solution does not depend on the type of the consumer and can be used with interfaces of various kinds, provided that the appropriate interaction protocol is used. The performed computational experiments showed that calculations of geomagnetic coordinates based on the mentioned algorithm match to the known expressions and models
Multistage micro-structured ionic skin for real-time vital signs monitoring and human-machine interaction
Authors: Wang Xueke , Zi Jinyu , Chen Yi , Wu Qiang , Xiang Zhimin , Tu Yongqiang , Yang Peng , Wan Yanfen
Published: April 2024

Skin-like electronics research aiming to mimic even surpass human-like
specific tactile cognition by operating
perception-to-cognition-to-feedback of stimulus to build intelligent
cognition systems for certain imperceptible or inappreciable signals was
so attractive. Herein, we constructed an all-in-one wearable device to
address the sensitivity and power supply simultaneously by integrating
multistage micro-structured ionic skin (MM i-skin) and piezoelectric &
thermoelectric dual-mode self-power staffs. The MM i-skin with
multi-stage “interlocked” configurations achieved precise recognition
of subtle signals, where the sensitivity reached up to 77.4 kPa-1, as
well as response time of 46 ms, cyclic stability (over 1500 cycles), and
a pressure detection limit (over 50 kPa). Furthermore, we developed a
piezo/thermo-electricity dual-mode nanogenerator, denoted as P-iskin /
T-iskin, for self-powering the pressure sensor. This self-powered
multifunctional ionic skin enables real-time monitoring of weak body
signals, rehab guidance, and robotic motion recognition, demonstrating
potential for internet of things (IoT) applications involving the
artificial intelligence-motivated sapiential healthcare internet (SHI)
and widely distributed human-machine interaction (HMI).
Population Pharmacokinetic Modelling and Simulation of Anlotinib in Chinese Pediatric Patients with Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Xue Yifei , Feng Shuo , Zhao Sixuan , Zhang Weiling , Li Jing , Zhi Tian , Wu Chuhan , Guo Qiuju , Sun Lu , Huang Dongsheng , Zhang Chao
Published: April 2024

Objective:Population pharmacokinetics analysis explored the
pharmacokinetics of anlotinib in children with soft tissue sarcomas
(STS) and identified the optimal dose for children across various age
brackets. Method:From 2021 to 2023, a single dose of anlotinib (4.62
mg/m2) was orally administered in 16 children with advanced STS in 8
days. Anlotinib plasma concentration was evaluated by LC-MS/MS.
Pharmacokinetic models were developed using nonlinear mixed-effects
modelling. The effect of predefined covariates on pharmacokinetic
parameters was assessed. Results:Totally 128 samples from 16 children
(aged 5-14) were collected for pop-PK analysis. The two-compartment
model was most consistent with the data of oral anlotinib in pediatrics
with advanced STS, and the relevant parameters were: Ka (h-1) 0.419;
Vc/F (L) 760; Q (L∙h-1) 21.2; Vp/F (L) 547. Covariate screening showed
that the clearance of anlotinib gradually increased with age in a
sigmoidal relationship, the maximum CL/F was 15.7L∙h-1, and age of
median clearance (Age50) was 6.84 years; the Vc/F increased linearly
with BSA. Dose of 8 mg anlotinib for children aged 5-7, and 10 mg or 12
mg for children aged 8-10 would be expected to lead to a similar
exposure of anlotinib compared with an adult patient receiving 12 mg.
Conclusion:The population pharmacokinetics of orally administrated
anlotinib were evaluated in pediatric advanced STS patients. BSA and age
were significant physiologic factors on PK. A simulation of 8 mg
anlotinib in children aged 5-7, 10 mg or 12 mg in 8-10 and 12 mg for
children over 11 would get similar exposure of adults receiving 12mg.