bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osmotic Dehydration Process Study With Complementary Banana Peel Drying
Authors: Da Silva Júnior Josinaldo Ferreira , Santiago Ângela Maria , Galdino Pablícia Oliveira , Santos Newton Carlos , Barros Sâmela Leal , Almeida Raphael Lucas Jacinto , Alves Israel Luna , Galdino Pluvia Oliveira , Marsiglia Wanda Izabel Monteiro de Lima , Muniz Cecília Elisa de Sousa , Mota Mércia Melo de Almeida
Published: August 2020

The present study aims to perform combined osmoconvective and convective drying processes on banana peel and evaluate the influence of these processes on their physical and physical-chemical properties. A factorial planning of 22 + 3 central points was carried out to evaluate the effect of the input variables: sucrose concentration varying between 40 and 60 °Brix and temperature between 40 and 60 °C, on the response variables: loss of water and mass and gain of solids in the banana peels. The drying kinetics was performed at 60 °C and empirical mathematical models were adjusted to the experimental data. The fresh peels, osmotically dehydrated, after drying process (in the optimized condition) and during 30 days of storage were characterized as for the parameters: pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS), TSS / TTA ratio, water content and total solids, ash, ascorbic acid, reducing sugars, color (L *, a * and b *) and water activity (Aw). The banana peels used in the experiments had a high water content and reasonable amounts of carbohydrates and ashes. The condition that showed the greatest reduction in water content and greatest gains in solids was using the temperature of 60 ° C and 60 ° Brix, being considered the optimized. The osmoconvective dehydration process resulted in a greater incorporation of total soluble solids and higher percentages of total solids in the shells. Page's mathematical model was the one that best fitted the experimental data; the effective diffusivity of the process was 2.2 x 10-8 m2.s-1. And the physical and physical-chemical parameters analyzed during the storage had small changes during the period of 30 days of storage.
¿Cuál es el problema? Masculinidades y matrimonios infantiles, uniones tempranas y forzadas en las asimetrías del poder
Authors: Luna Manzanero José Roberto , Ramazzini Ana Lucía
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo busca abrir el diálogo, a partir del contexto latinoamericano y caribeño de la problemática de los matrimonios infantiles, las uniones tempranas y forzadas, analizando los hallazgos de dos investigaciones desarrolladas específicamente en Guatemala. Estos estudios son complementarios y abordan la vulneración de derechos en las niñas y adolescentes desde la condición de unión-embarazo, el análisis de la construcción social de las masculinidades hegemónicas y su vinculación con los matrimonios infantiles, las uniones tempranas y forzadas, para identificar transformaciones posibles de las relaciones desiguales de poder que sustentan esta práctica nociva con el propósito de aportar estrategias viables en la agenda de trabajo involucrando a hombres y niños en la igualdad de género.
Estudo de categorias para sistematização de conceitos em Gestão do Conhecimento
Authors: Silva Narjara Bárbara Xavier , Sales Luana Farias , Dos Santos Jhonathan Divino Ferreira
Published: August 2020

Introdução: Com base nos princípios de categorização, o estudo relata uma pesquisa em andamento sobre o categorias para sistematização de conceitos em gestão do conhecimento. Objetivo: Objetiva criar uma taxonomia-de-base-em-conceito para o domínio da Gestão do Conhecimento (GC), cujo resultado poderá minimizar a confusão conceitual entre especialistas, promovendo uma melhor comunicação e também o crescimento da especialidade. Metodologia: Como recurso metodológico da abordagem de análise de domínio, uma revisão sistemática de literatura se fez necessária com o objetivo de identificar e definir as categorias que irão compor o referido esquema de classificação. Conclusão: Como resultado, duas grandes categorias foram criadas, além de sete subcategorias correspondentes. Como etapas seguintes, pretende-se definir os conceitos, que passarão por um processo de sistematização em cadeias hierárquicas, cumprindo assim o objetivo geral da pesquisa que é a criação de uma taxonomia para o domínio da GC.
Rising of Regional Development Proposed by Complementary Law 123/2006 in Bidding: Comparing Bidding From Two Towns in the Southern Cone of the State of Rondônia - Brazil
Authors: Helfenstein Aline Cristina , Neis Douglas Fernando Batista , Souza Elielza Camargo , Folador Flávia Regina Alves de Hungria , Arenas Marlene Valério dos Santos , Souza Valmir Batista Prestes de
Published: August 2020

This study was intended to assess whether the bidding notices of Cerejeiras and Cabixi had put regional development foward, under the terms of Complementary Law 123/2006. The research is exploratory, quantitative, with a longitudinal cut, based on the bidding notices from the health and education departments, which were carried out in 2017 and 2018, extracted from transparency portals of the studied towns. The notices were organized and classified in a table, identifying each one of the items covered by the Complementary Law, comparing them with the law and what is contained in the notices. It was checked that the city halls apparently have little knowledge or clarification about the application of the law, since its public notices establish more tiebreakers criteria for Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) than other benefits allowed by law. It was also observed that the provided parts by law are not used. The construction contract notices did not provide for the subcontracting of MSEs. Most notices presented the preference for hiring local and regional companies incorrectly. There were no notices with quotas for the exclusive supply of MSEs in bids for goods of a divisible nature. In addition, it was noted that public agents from these towns need training related to the topic to apply the law and thus foster regional development correctly. Most notices presented the preference for hiring local and regional companies incorrectly. There were no notices with quotas for the exclusive supply of MSEs in bidding for goods of a divisible nature. In addition, it was noted that the towns need training related to the topic to apply the law and thus foster regional development correctly.
Does quality of care entail environmental impact? A blind spot in our knowledge
Authors: Veltman Leonie M. S. , Delnoij Diana M. J. , Ossebaard Hans C.
Published: August 2020

This scoping review examines the conceptual relationship between the terms “environmental sustainability” and “quality of care” as used in academic studies on health care. We performed searches in Scopus and PubMed looking for potential semantic and practical associations between sustainability and quality of care, including potential conflicts. For the first part about associations, 11 search strings were used resulting in 1,488 studies of which 8 were eventually selected for analysis. For the latter part about conflicts, 4 search strings were used resulting in 45 studies of which 6 remained for analysis. Information about the following aspects was extracted from the studies that were included: interpretation and definition of sustainability, dimensions of quality of care, and tensions between quality and sustainability. Merely a few studies address a relationship betweenenvironmental sustainability and quality of care. Only “patient-centredness” and “safety” are associated with sustainability in academic literature. “Effectiveness” is rather interpreted as opposing it. “Efficiency” seems to be both associated and opposed to sustainability. The conceptual relationship between environmental sustainability and quality of care has not been thouroughly examined in academic studies which implies a blind spot in our knowledge. Only one study reports on conceptual and practical work for incorporating sustainability as a dimension of health care quality.
EXPORT-GROWTH NEXUS WHILE USING THE BLOCK EXOGENEITY: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN
Authors: Rahman Zia Ur
Published: August 2020

The core objective of the study is to analyze the association between export and eco-nomic growth under the consideration of the time frame 1967 to 2017 for Pakistan economy. The review of literature assists to find out the frequently utilize factors are the real GDP per capita, export, import, trade openness, fiscal development and capi-tal formation possible determinants of the economic growth. However, Export Led Growth (ELG) hypothesis is oftenly employed to elaborate the affiliation between ex-port and the growth. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bound test approach to cointegration accompanied with the structural break and vector auto regressive (VAR) are employed to analysis the long-term association among real GDP per capita, ex-port, import, trade openness, fiscal development and capital formation. The empirical analysis confirms the cointegration among the factors and the ELG hypothesis holds in Pakistan economy. The Block Exogeneity reveals that export and the capital for-mation have strong influence to stimulate the economic growth. While all the other factors have cumulative influence on the growth. Moreover, the impulse response exposes that if the shock of real GDP per capita, import, trade openness, fiscal devel-opment and the capital formation are given to the export, then response of export would be positive in the coming time frame.
PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL AND ITS EFFECT ON EMPLOYEE’S JOB PERFORMANCE IN EDO STATE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, BENIN CITY, NIGERIA
Authors: Okolie Ugo Chuks , Orhero Abraham Ejogba
Published: August 2020

As the assessment of an employee’s job performance, performance appraisal help em-ployees improve their performance, pay and chances for promotion; foster communica-tion between managers and employees and increase the employees’ and the organiza-tion’s effectiveness. Done poorly, it actually can have a negative effect-it can cause resentment, reduce motivation, diminish performance and even expose an organization to legal action. It is against this backdrop that this study analyzes the effect of perfor-mance appraisal on employee’s job performance in Edo State Internal Revenue ser-vice, Benin City, Nigeria using survey research method. Non-probabilistic sampling techniques comprising of purposeful and convenience techniques were used to elicit information via questionnaire from 150 respondents Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings of the study showed that performance appraisal (management by objectives, performance feedback and 360-degree appraisal) positively and significantly influence employee’s job perfor-mance in Edo State Internal Revenue Service, Benin City, Nigeria. Requisite conclu-sion and recommendations were provided in the light of theoretical and empirical findings.
CITIZENSHIP AND CITIZENSHIP EDUCATION: A DETERMINANT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE
Authors: Osewa Oladimeji Sogo
Published: August 2020

Citizenship is the status of being a legal member of a state, having been recognized by the law and custom of such state, whereby citizens owe allegiance to the state (coun-try) and in turn been protected by the state. Nevertheless, for citizens to owe allegiance to their states implies that such citizens is patriotic and also ready to take up their constitutional rolls or duties to the betterment of the state, and in return enjoys the fundamental human rights, citizen’s liberty and protection from their states (country). However, for citizens to know their rights, duties and obligations, and for them to be able to participate actively in their countries political decision making (supporting and criticizing government policies) that will leads to a robust public and foreign policy of their country, then, such citizens need to be politically educated through citizenship education, because Citizenship education breeds active democratic citizen-ry. This article titled citizenship and citizenship education: A determinant of good governance examined the importance of citizenship education and how it can breed active democratic citizenry that can enhance good governance in the state. This article employs the interview as a tool for data collection, and also applied the secondary source of Data collections by retrieving valuable information’s from ready-made works of scholars to buttress the argument of this work. The paper finds out that there is a positive correlation between citizenship education and active democratic citizen-ry. This article finally recommends that extensive citizenship education will serve as a veritable tool for good governance and National development. However, the paper recommends that citizenship education is a must and a child of necessity, a policy to be adopted by all government.
ARTS AND CRAFTS AND UN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Authors: Gudowska Bogna
Published: August 2020

The purpose of this article is to show the links between arts and crafts and the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals established by the United Nations. The UN aims to cover the most important challenges that humanity and the global economy must face in the nearest future, such as poverty, hunger, health, access to education, climate change or sustainable development. According to the author, arts and crafts, although it is a narrow field listed within the group of cultural and creative industries, can contribute to achieving the goals of the UN, positively influencing, among others on employment, fair trade and ethical production.
The “Feigned Conversion of Constantine” in Early Islamic Literature
Authors: Stutz Jonathan
Published: August 2020

This article focuses on the literary motif of Constantine’s artful conversion to Christianity in the context of Early Islamic literature. While it is reasonable to expect that this particular way of presenting Constantine’s approach to religion would have proven useful in the context of polemical literature against Christianity, this article aims to show that his conversion also appeared in literary settings different from a strictly theological one. Alongside the polemical work of ʿAbd al-Ǧabbār, the article presents the terms in which the figure of Constantine and his conversion were appropriated within the works of al-Masʿūdī and Miskawayh. In these two particular authors the story of Constantine’s conversion is relevant to problems peculiar not to the apologetic but rather to historiographical and ethical discourses. Constantine therefore stands as a representative case in point for the diversified reception and adaptation of Late Antiquity’s legacy within the emerging Islamicate world.
A Judaeo-Arabic Biblical Glossary as a Source for Arabic Historical Dialectology
Authors: Posegay Nick
Published: August 2020

MS T-S Ar.5.58 is a translation glossary from the Cairo Geniza that contains a list of Judaeo-Arabic glosses for Hebrew words from the biblical book of Samuel. These Arabic words are fully vocalised with the Tiberian Hebrew pointing system, providing more precise phonetic information about the scribe’s native Arabic dialect than could be expressed with standard Arabic vowel signs. This pointing reveals linguistic features known from modern varieties of vernacular Arabic, including a conditional tendency to raise /a/ to /e/ and a reflex of ǧīm as /g/. The manuscript can be dated between the tenth and twelfth centuries, making it an important source for the history of spoken medieval Arabic and Middle Arabic writing.
Quṭbaddīn an-Nahrawālī’s (917-990/1511-1582) Treasure of Names and Other Ottoman-Era Arabic Treatises on the Art of the Muʿammā
Authors: Papoutsakis Nefeli
Published: August 2020

In Timurid times Persian littérateurs devised a new kind of logogriph (muʿammā) that differed con­siderably from the muʿammā as was known in the Arabic tradition. The most salient feature of the new, Persianate muʿammā, which is normally a couplet, is that it has two levels of meaning: an obvious or surface meaning (‘the poetic meaning’), and an encoded ‘riddle meaning’, which gives the clues to the solution of the riddle. Since the 16th century the new, Persianate muʿammā became very popular with Ottoman Turkish and Arabic littérateurs as well. In fact, to judge by the available evidence, it appears that the new muʿammā gradually became the most popular kind of literary riddle in Arabic. The present paper presents Quṭbaddīn an-Nahrawālī’s (917-990/1511-1582) Treasure of Names, the most influential Arabic treatise on the new muʿammā, which is modelled on earlier Persian treatises. It discusses the growth of the new muʿammā in Arabic, describes the rules applying to it as presented in an-Nahrawālī’s treatise, analyses several Arabic muʿammayāt cited in that treatise and concludes by mentioning some additional Ottoman-era Arabic treatises on the riddle that testify to the great popularity of the new muʿammā in Arabic until the late 19th century.
Der Investitionsschutz im Energie- und Klimaschutzrecht zwischen „European Green Deal“ und Grenzen des Unionsprimärrechts
Authors: Germelmann Claas Friedrich
Published: August 2020

Der Klimaschutz und die damit verbundene Neuausrichtung des Systems der Energieversorgung in der Europäischen Union stellen nicht nur in regulatorischer, sondern auch in finanzieller Hinsicht erhebliche Anforderungen. Der Beitrag widmet sich der Rolle, die privaten Investitionen im Projekt des „European Green Deal“ zugewiesen wird, und den Schutzmechanismen im Unionsrecht. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt dabei auf dem internationalen Investitionsschutzrecht. Hierbei werden die jüngeren begrenzenden Weichenstellungen des EuGH sowie die Potenziale der Reform des Energiecharta-Vertrages betrachtet. Die Aufrechterhaltung eines funktionsfähigen internationalen Investitionsschutzrechts im Energie- und Klimaschutzrecht ist unionsrechtlich weiterhin möglich und angesichts der Herausforderungen geboten.
Verwaltung agiler machen! – Hype oder kalter Kaffee?
Authors: Wirth Klaus
Published: August 2020

In der aktuellen Verwaltungswissenschaftlichen Debatte wird seit einiger Zeit unter dem Begriff Agilität gefordert, die insbesondere auf Stabilität und Beständigkeit ausgerichtete klassische Verwaltung Weberscher Prägung auf die Anforderungen der dynamischen VUCA-Welt hin flexibler und anpassungsfähiger auszugestalten. In dem Beitrag wird der - teilweise kontrovers diskutierte - Ansatz der Agilität in der Verwaltung aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven beleuchtet und am Ende versucht, Einschätzungen zu treffen und Folgerungen für die aktuelle und zukünftige Verwal­tungs­politik zu ziehen.
Controlling und Risikomanagement – Handlungsmöglichkeiten kleiner Kommunen
Authors: Hahn Dieter
Published: August 2020

Sowohl Controlling als auch Risikomanagement halten mehr und mehr Einzug in die kommunale Verwaltung. Speziell die kleineren Kommunen befinden sich jedoch noch am Anfang dieser Entwicklung. Oftmals sind Ressourcen oder politischer Wille nicht vorhanden, um solche betriebswirtschaftlichen Methoden voranzutreiben. Dabei können auch kleinere Städte und Gemeinden schon mit überschaubarem Mitteleinsatz hier Mehrwerte für die Verwaltungssteuerung schaffen. Speziell die ehrenamtlichen Politiker in kleineren Kommunen sind mitunter auf die Aufbereitung von verschiedensten Datenbeständen angewiesen. Sie sind in aller Regel beruflich in anderen Bereichen tätig und können daher zumeist weder die kommunale Zielerfüllung noch die Risiken der Gemeinde ohne weiteres korrekt bewerten. Daher gehört die Steuerungsunterstützung gerade für die Mitarbeiter kleinerer Behörden zur Kerndisziplin des Verwaltungshandelns.
Was tun Kommunen, um attraktive Arbeitgeber zu sein?
Authors: Schilling Anna-Talica , Schubert Dino André , Schubert Monique
Published: August 2020

Die vorliegende empirische Untersuchung hatte drei Ziele und damit zusammenhängende Forschungsfragen: (1) Welche Arten von Maßnahmen ergreifen die Kommunen, um ihre Attraktivität auf dem Arbeitsmarkt zu steigern, (2) Unterscheiden sich die Kommunen nach Größe und Art der Gebietskörperschaft in Bezug auf diese Maßnahmen und (3) die Probleme bei der Gewinnung von Fachkräften. Eine Onlinebefragung im November 2019 von 120 (43 %) der niedersächsischen Kommunen zeigt einen Überblick über den Mainstream der Maßnahmen sowie einzelne Besonderheiten. Größere Kommunen in Form von Landkreisen und kreisfreien Städten waren moderat offener für die abgefragten Angebote als kleinere Kommunen. Weiterhin ergab sich bei den kleineren Kommunen, dass Samtgemeinden moderat konservativer sind als Einheitsgemeinden. Einheitsgemeinden (< 200 Mitarbeiter) hatten die größten Probleme bei der Gewinnung von Fachkräften, Landkreise und kreisfreie Städte hingegen die geringsten Probleme. Insgesamt unterscheiden sich die Kommunen in Bezug auf die Maßnahmen und die Zustimmung zu den Problemen bei der Gewinnung von Fachkräften jedoch nicht signifikant voneinander.
Domesticating the “Smarter Than You” Home. Gendered Agency Scripts Embedded in Smart Home Discourses
Authors: Chambers Deborah
Published: August 2020

Smart home networked systems promise a mode of comfort, efficiency and convenience that infers the easing of housekeeping chores. They impact on the moral economy of the home in ways we barely understand. Drawing on feminist technology studies and domestication theory, this article investigates how gendered relations are assigned and legitimated in smart home marketing reports and advertisements to enquire whether men and women are invited to participate equally or unequally in smart home technology. This raises questions about how promotional texts might influence and circumscribe domestic adoption. An interpretive content analysis of marketing reports and advertisements explains the pedagogic role of smart scenarios in coaxing and coaching householders to domesticate IoT-operated technology. The concept of “agency script” is employed to explain how smart actions are conveyed and assigned by promotional texts to activate smart home adoption. This enables an enquiry into the values and ideals conveyed in smart home discourses at the commodification stage of domestication and their implications for later stages. We might assume that smart technology democratises the home by fostering gender equality in the organisation of homemaking routines. But a critical study of the narrativization and assignment of smart home agency reveals significant gender disparities.
Brauchen wir Gott im Grundgesetz?
Authors: Hummes Wolfgang
Published: August 2020

The sustained and partly dramatic loss of acceptance of the Christian Churches in society does not match their exceptional position, founded in the Basic Law of Germany, in managing allegedly common tasks alongside the state. From religious education to military chaplaincy, numerous privileges from a time of Christian religious monopoly survive.

Against this backdrop, the pluralism of faith in our society today has enormous potential for conflict. Potential participation in these tasks awakens legitimate desires, especially among Islamic religious associations who refer to the principle of equality. The answer of the secular state can only be the renunciation of any common ground with religions and Churches.
Weddell seal observations on female and pup behavior and breeding status for four overwintering periods (2015 to 2018) at Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica
Authors: Kim Yejin , Ahn In-Young , Park Ji Kang , Lee Won Young
Published: August 2020

In animal ecology studies, it is a fundamental monitoring work to observe annual breeding cycle. In this study, we report the detailed observations on seven mother and pup pairs of Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) at Barton peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica. Two or three pairs had been observed along the coast on the fast ice in 2015, 2017, and 2018 and no breeding was recorded in 2016. Although it varied among individuals, pups were recorded to be born on 19−25 Sept., began swimming at day 18−19 after birth, and molted at day 21−25. Our observations may provide fundamental breeding information of Weddell seals in our study site and contribute to the future long-term monitoring research of seals.
The pigment complex and photosynthetic activity in the annual cycle of Polytrichum commune in the forest belt of the Khibiny Mountains on the Kola Peninsula of Russia
Authors: Shmakova Natalya , Ermolaeva Olga
Published: August 2020

This paper presents data on the content and ratio of pigments, photosynthesis rate, and assimilation number throughout the annual cycle of Polytrichum commune in the forest belt of the Khibiny Mountains. It is shown that the activity of the pigment complex in the photosynthetic organs of P. commune is preserved and maintained over 2 years. The highest content of plastid pigments in this year’s shoots was recorded in fall, in the past year’s shoots in the summer. In winter, the content of chlorophylls in the photosynthetic organs of this year’s shoots decreased in 1.5 times relative to the summer maximum, and carotenoids - in 1.4 times. In the past year’s shoots, no significant changes in the content of the pigments were noted. During the active vegetation period, the photosynthetic intensity in this year’s shoots is in 1.5 times as high as that in the past year’s shoots. At the end of the growing season in the past year’s shoots the value of LHC (76%) due to their immersion deep into the moss clumps and shading them with this year’s shoots. Chlorophyll’s efficiency (assimilation number) in P. commune shoots of different ages in early spring (April) is in 2 times as high as that in fall (October).
Impacts of increased tourism on polar environment – case studies from Svalbard and Iceland
Authors: Kavan Jan , Anděrová Veronika
Published: August 2020

The increasing number of visitors in polar regions and demand for outdoor extreme activities create a pressure on local fragile ecosystems. Two examples of mechanical disturbances of the glacier forefields are presented in this study to demonstrate the impacts of different frequencies of visits on the local environment. Foxfonna study site experience only minor disturbances in comparison with the Langjökull study site on Iceland. This is due to the number of tourists visiting the two localities and also the means of transportation used for reaching the ice caps. It is likely that with still ongoing increase of number of tourists coming to these localities, the anthropogenic pressure will continue to grow. The combination of human pressure and ongoing climate change can have irreversible effects on sensitive local environment especially in places easily accessible for tourists.
Always Something New out of Africa
Authors: Komline Han-luen Kantzer ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: August 2020

This paper explores changing attitudes toward novelty in early Christianity by focusing on a case study: Augustine of Hippo. It demonstrates that Augustine develops an unapologetically Christian version of the argument from antiquity, unapologetically Christian in that he redefines the very meaning of antiquity in terms of proximity to Christ and in that he relocates the argument from antiquity from the realm of apologetics, where it had become a stock weapon in the arsenal of his predecessors, to the realm of intramural Christian debate. In the process, Augustine relativized temporal measures of “novelty” and “antiquity” and recalibrated the meaning of these terms theologically, with reference to Christ.
Наследие respublica literaria и гражданская наука
Authors: Лаврентьева Софья Всеволодовна ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: August 2020

В данной статье рассмотрены некоторые черты республики ученых Возрождения и Нового време-ни, которые могут помочь нам в анализе особен-ностей обмена информацией о проявлениях виру-са COVID-19 в разных странах в рамках «новой» республики ученых, сформированной на основе гражданской науки. Цели данной статьи – выявить преемственность принципов современной рес-публики ученых в отношении respublica literaria Возрождения и Нового времени и обозначить в рамках их сравнения некоторые исторические па-раллели, связанные с методами исследования на-учного объекта.
Образ Орфея в творчестве В. Иванова и М. Бланшо: опыт сопоставительного анализа
Authors: Болнова Екатерина Владимировна ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: August 2020

Рассматриваются типологические связи об-раза Орфея в философских, литературоведче-ских и критических статьях русского символи-ста Вяч. Иванова и французского поэта и фило-софа М. Бланшо. С помощью биографическо-го, культурно-исторического, историко-типологического и мифологического методов устанавливаются моменты принципиального сходства, связанные с восприятием Орфея в качестве идеального воплощения творческого человека. Несмотря на то, что конкретные имена не совпадают (для Иванова таким иде-альным воплощением оказывается Скрябин, для Бланшо – Рильке), принципиальное сход-ство подходов русского и французского мыс-лителей к данному вопросу позволяет рас-сматривать обе значимые для искусства фигу-ры в одном ряду. Особое внимание уделяется интерпретации обоими авторами кульмина-ционного момента мифа, связанного с огляд-кой Орфея на Эвридику. Фиксируются, однако, не только точки пересечения мировоззрения Иванова и Бланшо, но и моменты принципи-ального различия в восприятии образа мифо-логического героя. Наиболее важным все же оказывается выявление общности явлений, связанной с глубинным совпадением некото-рых аспектов философских концепций назван-ных авторов, что демонстрирует их типологи-ческую связь. Так, Орфей, в восприятии Ива-нова и Бланшо, – фигура, наделенная двойст-венностью. Именно это позволяет ему не про-сто создавать искусство, но преобразовывать действительность. В статье доказывается не-сомненное типологическое сходство в трак-товке образа Орфея Ивановым и Бланшо, что обусловлено общей направленностью (свойственной представителям модернист-ской европейской культуры, к которой при-надлежат оба писателя и мыслителя) на ос-мысление ключевых понятий культуры с опо-рой на антологическое наследие.
Многоликость философии реализма
Authors: Куслий Петр Сергеевич ,   Lobachevsky State University Press
Published: August 2020

В данной рецензии обсуждается многоаспект-ность философии реализма в том виде, в ка-ком она представлена в недавнем сборнике «Перспективы реализма» под ред. академика РАН В.А. Лекторского. Рассмотрен реализм от-носительно данных сознания (экстернализм) как одно из направлений современного реа-лизма, научный реализм (в его противопос-тавлении наивному реализму), реализм как следствие критики «анти-реалистских» кон-цепций. Отдельно рассмотрены представлен-ные в книге более частные вопросы, стоящие в исследовательской повестке философии реа-лизма, такие как осмысление теории моделей, семантическое обоснование реализма и др. Общий вывод, который делает автор, заклю-чается в том, что книга представляет собой репрезентативный срез современной пробле-матики реализма (с учетом ее разнонаправ-ленности и многоаспектности), а также явля-ется конструктивным обсуждением тех задач, которые стоят перед реализмом сегодня.
Fantasy, Counter-fantasy, and Meta-fantasy in Hobbes’s and Butler’s Accounts of Vulnerability
Authors: Griffith James ,   DePaul University
Published: August 2020

Hobbes and Butler both conjure images of an abandoned infant in their respective discussions of vulnerability. Leviathan uses this image to discuss original dominion, or natural maternal right over the child, while for Butler rights discourse produces fantasies of invulnerability that derealize other lives. However, Hobbes’s infant in nature has no rights and can only consent to being nourished. Only when able to nourish itself can it claim rights to transfer through the covenant producing a fantasy of individual invulnerability. Vulnerability in the state of nature and the commonwealth’s fantasy of invulnerability are together a counter-fantasy to the fantasies of invulnerability of Hobbes’s time, through heaven or eternal glory. In question is whether Butler, in her reimagining of community, is, like Hobbes, producing a fantasy, but a meta-fantasy that community can be taken as fantasy without derealizing the fantastic or that fantasizes an honesty about its being fantasy.
Vancomycin Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Children: New Recommendations, Similar Challenges
Authors: McNeil J. Chase , Kaplan Sheldon L.
Published: August 2020

The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists have recently published revised guidelines for the therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin. Previous iterations of the guideline largely focused on targeting vancomycin trough concentrations (VTCs) in the range of 15 to 20 mg/L for therapeutic efficacy. The revised guidelines shift the focus of therapeutic monitoring directly to AUC/MIC-based therapeutic monitoring for children, with a suggestion of a goal AUC/MIC 400 to 800. The primary hesitation in applying these recommendations to children stems from the absence of pediatric clinical data demonstrating correlations with clinical outcomes and either VTC or AUC and no benefit in other secondary outcomes (e.g., recurrence, duration of bacteremia). One can glean indirectly from this that such aggressive dosing and monitoring strategies are unnecessary to achieve therapeutic success in the majority of children with serious methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. Providers should carefully weigh the potential unknown benefits of targeting vancomycin AUC 400 to 800 mg*hr/L in children with the known risks of acute kidney injury associated with increasing the dose of vancomycin as well as the substantial time, effort, and costs of this process.
Modeling and Simulation Analysis of Aprepitant Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients With Postoperative or Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Chain Anne , Wrishko Rebecca , Vasilinin Grygoriy , Mouksassi Samer
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVES

Aprepitant is effective for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced or postoperative nausea and vomiting (CINV/PONV). The aim of this study was to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model of aprepitant in pediatric patients and to support dosing recommendations for oral aprepitant in pediatric patients at risk of CINV.

METHODS

A population PK model was constructed based on data from 3 clinical studies in which children (6 months to 12 years) and adolescents (12–19 years) were treated with a 3-day regimen of oral aprepitant (capsules or suspension), with or without intravenous fosaprepitant on day 1 (CINV), or a single dose of oral aprepitant (capsules or suspension; PONV). Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was used for model development, and a stepwise covariate search determined factors influencing PK parameters. Simulations were performed to guide final dosing strategies of aprepitant in pediatric patients.

RESULTS

The analysis included 1326 aprepitant plasma concentrations from 147 patients. Aprepitant PK was described by a 2-compartment model with linear elimination and first-order absorption, with allometric scaling for central and peripheral clearance and volume using body weight, and a cytochrome P450 3A4 maturation component for the effect of ontogeny on systemic clearance. Simulations established that application of a weight-based (for those <12 years) and fixed-dose (for those 12–17 years) dosing regimen results in comparable exposures to those observed in adults.

CONCLUSIONS

The developed population PK model adequately described aprepitant PK across a broad pediatric population, justifying fixed (adult) dosing for adolescents and weight-based dosing of oral aprepitant for children.
Bordados de vida e arte
Authors: Coutinho Marina Henriques
Published: August 2020

Para a professora Marcia Pompeo Nogueira (in memoriam)Texto de autora convidada: Marina Henriques Coutinho
Teatro e ocupação: possíveis diálogos com as práticas de Teatro e Comunidade
Authors: Barbosa Caroline da Silva
Published: August 2020

O presente trabalho busca apontar possíveis diálogos entre o campo de pesquisa Teatro e Comunidade e as ocupações secundaristas que ocorreram durante o primeiro semestre de 2016 na Rede Estadual de Ensino do Rio de Janeiro. Dentro dos espaços ocupados foi possível perceber que os estudantes ressignificaram a ideia de escola construindo práticas cotidianas a partir de seus próprios interesses. Nesse momento, o teatro passou a ser um aliado e muitos professores, artistas e simpatizantes das artes foram convidados pelos estudantes para propor encontros teatrais, como oficinas e apresentações de seus espetáculos. Perguntei-me qual pedagogia teatral um professor poderia propor dentro de um contexto tão específico para contribuir de alguma maneira à luta dos estudantes. Encontrei como resposta os estudos de Augusto Boal, Paulo Freire e pesquisadores do Teatro e Comunidade, que nortearam tanto as práticas teatrais desenvolvidas dentro das ocupações que pude visitar quanto a elaboração desse artigo.
Teatro entre elas: o teatro em comunidade como partilha do sensível
Authors: Silvério Vânia Pereira
Published: August 2020

Esse artigo salienta a pesquisa, desenvolvida em processo de Mestrado, que refletiu sobre o trabalho realizado no Grupo Teatro Entre Elas, residente na Associação Cultural Casa do Beco, no campo do Teatro em Comunidades, a partir dos apontamentos levantados por Nogueira (2008), entrelaçados à noção de “partilha do sensível”, postulada por Rancière (2009). Pensar o Teatro Entre Elas no campo do Teatro em Comunidades e este como uma partilha do sensível é uma reflexão que abrange o fazer artístico, e a dimensão política que atravessa a existência desse grupo de mulheres. Para tanto, narro o trabalho desenvolvido no Grupo, destacando a remontagem da peça “Quando eu vim para um Belo Horizonte”, e teço reflexões sobre sua relação com o campo do Teatro em Comunidades e este como uma partilha do sensível. Trata-se, portanto, de uma narrativa que buscou contribuir para a discussão de práticas que acontecem em contextos comunitários e que fazem emergir vozes e corpos antes silenciados e ignorados.
Utopias da comunidade: o teatro invadindo o espaço urbano
Authors: Carreira André
Published: August 2020

Este texto discute o conceito de comunidade efêmera relacionando-o à noção de teatro de invasão do espaço urbano. O artigo tem como premissa a prática teatral nas ruas como um exemplo de um projeto utópico que vê a formulação de comunidades efêmeras como objetivo de criação. A reflexão sobre a noção de utopia se vincula com a possibilidade de experiências plurais no espaço aberto das ruas. Uma cena em comunidade efêmera é vinculada a procedimentos teatrais que se sustentam na noção de presença.
Os mapas que Marcia me mostrou: a metodologia do Mapa da Vida no trabalho com o teatro na comunidade
Authors: Lauermann Aline Maria
Published: August 2020

Este relato apresenta quatro experiências distintas com a metodologia do Mapa da Vida, sendo elas uma oficina realizada no ano de 2015, o desenvolvimento do meu Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (2017), a disciplina Teatro em Contextos Específicos (2019) e o meu estágio docência (2019). Pretendo revisitar essas experiências que contribuíram na formulação do meu entendimento sobre o trabalho no contexto comunitário, assim como refletir acerca das possibilidades pedagógicas que a metodologia oferece para aqueles que pretendem atuar nesse campo.
Prática teatral em um Hospital de Custódia: à luz dos olhos velados
Authors: Traversaro Bruna , Oliveira Fabiana Lazzari de
Published: August 2020

O presente relato expõe uma experiência de estágio realizado no Hospital de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico (HCTP) de Florianópolis, no primeiro semestre de 2019. A prática esteve associada à disciplina de Estágio Curricular Supervisionado –Teatro na Comunidade I, do curso de Licenciatura em Teatro do Centro de Artes (CEART) da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC) e visa propor experiências além da rotina hospitalar/carcerária, cooperando com a integração entre os pacientes e com a futura reintegração social.
Sobre um encontro que conduz caminhos
Authors: Pereira Luana Mara
Published: August 2020

autora com Márcia Pompeo Nogueira e a importância desta, tanto na vida da própria autora como no desenvolvimento de projetos que valorizam a educação dialógica e a cultura popular em diferentes comunidades. A narrativa remonta ao período de graduação da autora, na Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina - UDESC, quando Márcia foi sua orientadora no Programa de Extensão Clubes de Teatro. Posteriormente, relata sua vivência no Curso de Especialização em Arte no Campo, na mesma instituição, no qual Marcia Pompeo foi coordenadora geral. Ao final, afirma-se que pessoas como Márcia Pompeo são de grande importância no universo acadêmico por suas práticas irem além dos muros da Universidade e conseguirem estabelecer uma relação dialógica com as comunidades contribuindo para a formação e transformação de todos(as) envolvidos(as).
Uma primeira vez: sobre encontros e um processo de mediação em teatro na comunidade
Authors: Marina Heloisa
Published: August 2020

Este relato versa sobre algumas primeiras experiências pedagógicas que uma professora muito experiente pode viver, apesar de sua larga trajetória docente. Reflete acerca de inícios que se dão no fim de percursos variados. Pretende ponderar sobre o encontro gerado entre estudantes de graduação em vias de se tornarem professores e professoras com a metodologia de Boal, mais especificamente o Teatro-Fórum. Em resumo, este relato é uma homenagem.
Prédire ou travestir ?
Authors: Cappe Aïko , Laugrand Frédéric
Published: August 2020

À partir d’une ethnographie du Jour de la marmotte à Wiarton (Canada), nous analysons en quoi la marmotte révèle un profond anthropocentrisme. Dans cette ville, comme ailleurs, la marmotte ne prédit rien mais les participants travestissent ses gestes et simulent des prédictions sur une scène de théâtre. En contexte naturaliste, les humains continuent d’échouer à nouer des relations étroites avec cet animal dont ils ont fait un objet-spectacle, un véritable simulacre. La marmotte est instrumentalisée à des fins socioéconomiques si bien que la question du bien-être de l’animal est esquivée. Les pratiques divinatoires autour de la marmotte montrent qu’au sein même des sociétés modernes, cette activité se marie bien avec le spectaculaire. Les humains ne font plus danser la marmotte mais ils continuent de l’exhiber, prétendant qu’elle leur indique l’avenir. Ils ne la voient plus comme un animal nuisible mais comme une source de revenu.
Pathophysiologic Mechanisms of Concussion, Development of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, and Emerging Diagnostics: A Narrative Review
Authors: Berry James A. D. , Elia Christopher , Sweiss Raed , Lawandy Shokry , Bowen Ira , Zampella Bailey , Saini Harneel , Brazdzionis James , Miulli Dan
Published: August 2020

Pathophysiological mechanisms and cascades take place after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) that can cause long-term sequelae, including chronic traumatic encephalopathy in patients with multiple concurrent TBIs. As diagnostic imaging has become more advanced, microanatomical changes present after mTBI may now be more readily visible. In this narrative review, the authors discuss emerging diagnostics and findings in mTBI through advanced imaging, electroencephalograms, neurophysiologic processes, Q2 biochemical markers, and clinical tissue tests in an effort to help osteopathic physicians to understand, diagnose, and manage the pathophysiology behind mTBI, which is increasingly prevalent in the United States.
Confidence in the dynamic spread of epidemics under biased sampling conditions
Authors: Brunner James , Chia Nicholas
Published: August 2020

The interpretation of sampling data plays a crucial role in policy response to the spread of a disease during an epidemic, such as the COVID-19 epidemic of 2020. However, this is a non-trivial endeavor due to the complexity of real world conditions and limits to the availability of diagnostic tests, which necessitate a bias in testing favoring symptomatic individuals. A thorough understanding of sampling confidence and bias is necessary in order make accurate conclusions. In this manuscript, we provide a stochastic model of sampling for assessing confidence in disease metrics such as trend detection, peak detection and disease spread estimation. Our model simulates testing for a disease in an epidemic with known dynamics, allowing us to use Monte-Carlo sampling to assess metric confidence. This model can provide realistic simulated data which can be used in the design and calibration of data analysis and prediction methods. As an example, we use this method to show that trends in the disease may be identified using under 10,000 biased samples each day, and an estimate of disease spread can be made with additional 1,000–2,000 unbiased samples each day. We also demonstrate that the model can be used to assess more advanced metrics by finding the precision and recall of a strategy for finding peaks in the dynamics.
Effect of Intercropping Dates of Lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) with Maize (Zea mays L.) on Forage and Maize Grain Yields
Authors: Redae Meseret , Tekle Desta
Published: August 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate effect of intercropping dates of lablab (Lablab purpureus L.) with maize (Zea mays L.) on forage and maize grain yields. It was carried out at Gereb Giba in Tanqua Abergelle district, Tigray, Ethiopia. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four treatments and four replications were used. The treatments were sole maize sown (T1) and lablab sown at 10, 20 and 30 days after emergence of maize for T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Intercropping did not affect height and days for 50% flowering of lablab. Similarly, it was not affected height and days for physiological maturity of maize. Lablab forage yield was significantly greater (p<0.01) in T2 and T3 than T4. Maize Stover dry matter (DM) yield was similar among treatments while total forage DM yield was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in T2, T3 and T4 than T1. Moreover, among the intercrops, total forage yield was significantly highest (p<0.0001) for T2 compared to T4 but similar in T2 and T3. Maize grain yield was significantly superior (P<0.0001) in T2 and T3 compared to T1 and T4. Though, T2 and T3 had similarity in all parameters measured, T2 provided higher forage and maize grain yields than T1 and T4. Therefore, lablab intercropping at 10 days after emergence of maize is appropriate in Tanqua Abergelle district and other areas with similar agro ecologies.