bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilization of sperm cryopreservation in patients with testicular cancer
Authors: Menzel Viktoria , Richter Emilia , Helke Charlotte , Bürk Björn Thorben , Erb Holger H. H. , Leike Steffen , Borkowetz Angelika , Thomas Christian , Baunacke Martin
Published: February 2024

Purpose Since 2021, the German health insurance covers sperm cryopreservation, impacting pre-chemotherapy decisions. We assessed sperm cryopreservation utilization before 2021, when patients covered expenses.Methods Between 2011 and 2021, testicular cancer survivors (TCS) at our clinic completed a questionnaire, including EORTC QLQ-TC26, covering sperm cryopreservation, sociodemographic details, post-treatment births, and artificial insemination.Results After 5.7 ± 3.0 years, 279 participants (64%) responded to the questionnaire. Among them, 33% (91/279) testicular cancer survivors (TCS) chose sperm cryopreservation prior treatment, with 11% (10/91) using it for insemination. Conversely, 2% (3/188) without cryopreservation reported unfulfilled desire to have children. Univariate analysis showed TCS with cryopreservation were younger (30.6 ± 7.1 (35 (21–59)) vs. 42.4 ± 10.9 (48 (22–81)) years; p = 0.001), had a lower BMI (24.2 ± 3.3 vs. 26.6 ± 4.6 kg/m²; p = 0.009) and a lower Charlson Score (> 3: 36% vs. 60%; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed older age (≥ 37 years: OR 13.1 (5.5–31.2), p < 0.001) and lower education (middle school or less: OR 3.3 (1.6–6.9), p = 0.001) as independent factors associated with not undergoing cryopreservation. Regarding quality of life (EORTC QLQ-TC26), multivariate analysis identified a lower infertility anxiety score (OR 4.3 (2.0–9.0), p < 0.001) and higher age (≥ 44 years: OR 5.4 (2.6–11.3); p < 0.001) were predictors for absence of prior cryopreservation.Conclusions Age and education seem to impact the choice of undergoing paid sperm cryopreservation. Urologists should inform testicular cancer patients about costs and coverage. Importantly, the occurrence of unmet desires for parenthood is minimal among those who forego cryopreservation.
Identification and analysis of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants with potential therapeutic effects on Uterine fibroid using computational approaches
Authors: Fawibe O. O. , Adekoya V.O , Oyelakin A. S. , Uzor M.U , Akamo A.J. , Ojewumi A.W.
Published: February 2024

Uterine fibroids are gynaecological conditions in reproductive females, capable of growing in response to progesterone’s interaction with progesterone’s receptor protein (IA28). The use of surgery and hormone therapy for uterine fibroid treatment has limitations and side effects. Therefore, there is a need for an effective therapeutic approach to fibroid treatment. This study evaluated the inhibitory potential of phytocompounds present in some medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory properties (Vitex agnus castus, Curcuma longa, Allium sativum, Zingiber officinale, Trigonella foenum-graecum and Paeonia lactiflora) against IA28. Twenty-four (24) bioactive compounds were selected and screened while Ulipristal Acetate (UPA) was utilized as the control drug. The PubChem identification number and canonical SMILES of the phytocompounds and that of UPA were obtained using the PubChem online server. Drug-likeness screening and molecular docking analyses were carried out using web-based tools (SwissADME, AutoDock Vina, and Molinspiration). The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiles of the ligands were evaluated using ADMETlab. Out of the total phytocompounds, eleven passed the drug-likeness screening. However, only Casticin, Curcumin, Demethoxycurcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, Cyclocurcumin, and Gingerol had higher binding energy of -7.6, -7.0, -7.5, -7.4, -8.0, and − 7.0 kcal/mol, respectively than the control drug (-6.7 kcal/mol) while Shogaol, and Gingerdiol had similar binding energy with the UPA. ADMET profiling predicted that the lead ligands with higher binding energy except Casticin and Gingerol were non-carcinogenic. Our study revealed that eleven phytocompounds had the potential to be used as antifibroid agents; however, six lead ligands were predicted to be more effective than the control drug.
Comparison of ZIF-14 (qtz) and a One-pot Synthesized Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide/ZIF-14 (qtz) Composite for the Adsorption of Diclofenac
Authors: Ramírez Erick , Carmona-Pérez Daniela , Marco J. F. , Sanchez-Lievanos Karla R. , Sabinas-Hernández Sergio A. , Knowles Kathryn E. , Elizalde-González María P.
Published: February 2024

The global presence of pharmaceutical pollutants in water sources represents a burgeoning public health concern. Recent studies underscore the urgency of addressing this class of emerging contaminants. In this context, our work focuses on synthesizing a composite material, FexOy/ZIF-14 (qtz), through a streamlined one-pot reaction process, as an adsorbent for diclofenac, an emerging environmental contaminant frequently found in freshwater environments and linked to potential toxicity towards several organisms such as fish and mussels. A thorough characterization was performed to elucidate the structural composition of the composite. The material presents magnetic properties attributed to its superparamagnetic behavior, which facilitates the recovery efficiency of the composite post-diclofenac adsorption. Our study further involves a comparative analysis between the FexOy/ZIF-14 (qtz) and a non-magnetic counterpart, comprised solely of 2-ethylimidazolate zinc polymer. This comparison aims to discern the relative advantages and disadvantages of incorporating magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the contaminant removal process facilitated by a coordination polymer. Our findings reveal that even a minimal incorporation of iron oxide nanoparticles substantially enhanced the composite’s overall performance in pollutant adsorption.
Investigating the neuroprotective effects of Telmisartan using the lipopolysaccharide rat model of Parkinson’s disease
Authors: sudqi mohammad , Abuirmeileh Amjad N.
Published: February 2024

Background: Neuroinflammation has been reported to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The potential neuroprotective action of the Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB) telmisartan was investigated in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) rat model of PD.
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of telmisartan on the LPS rat model of PD.
Method: Using stereotaxic surgery, LPS was injected into the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Rats were assessed behaviorally by apomorphine rotation test, neurochemical tests to measure dopamine concentrations using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrochemical Detector (HPLC-ECD) and the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) concentrations.
Results: A reduction in apomorphine induced rotations following administration of telmisartan as compared to the untreated lesioned group was shown, striatal dopamine concentrations were markedly higher in LPS + telmisartan treated rats versus LPS group. Lesioned groups that was treated with telmisartan either before or after surgery displayed a significant reduction in BDNF and TNF-α levels in comparison to LPS only group.
Conclusion: Telmisartan has a neuroprotective properties which can protect dopaminergic neurons and has the ability to alleviate and delay the pathophysiological process of PD and to reduce the inflammatory response.
Concussions and Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Is there a correlation?
Authors: Hancock Mack , Sorrento Gianluca , Tang-Wai David , Tator Charles H , Tartaglia Carmela , Fasano Alfonso
Published: February 2024

Background.
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) is an adult-onset communicating hydrocephalus characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid. Idiopathic NPH (iNPH) is often underdiagnosed, and clear causes are not identified. Few studies have explored the potential link between iNPH and concussions despite that these entities share many pathophysiological traits.
Methods.
56 consecutive iNPH patients were assessed by means of the Ohio State University TBI-ID and Brain Injury Screening Questionnaire designed by the Icahn School of Medicine and were compared to 40 patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and 40 healthy controls (HC).
Results.
76.8% of iNPH patients reported at least one minor head trauma throughout their lifetime when compared to 47.5% and 25.0% of patients diagnosed with PD and HC, respectively.
Conclusions.
Our findings indicate a possible association between TBI/concussion and iNPH, an association that warrants further investigation.
1H NMR metabolomics analysis of leaf tissue from oil palms against Ganoderma boninense
Authors: Rahmadi Hernawan Yuli , Syukur Muhamad , Widodo Widodo , Suwarno Willy Bayuardi , Wening Sri , Nugroho Syarul , Simamora Arfan Nazhri
Published: February 2024

Introduction
Breeding for oil palm resistance against basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma boninense is challenging and lengthy. Advanced oil palm gene pools are very limited hence it is assumed that parental palms have experienced genetic drift and lost their resistance genes against Ganoderma. High-throughput selection criteria should be developed. Metabolomic analysis using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is known to be easy to prepare and the produced metabolite could be used as a diagnostic tool for disease incidents in various host-pathogen combinations.
Objectives
The study objective is to identify metabolite variations of Dura (D) and Pisifera (P) parental palms with different resistance against Ganoderma and moderately resistant Tenera (DxP) using 1H NMR analysis
Methods
Leaf tissues of seven different oil palm categories consisting of: resistant, moderate, and susceptible Dura (D), moderate and susceptible Pisifera (P), resistant Tenera/Pisifera (T/P) progenies, and moderately resistant DxP variety progenies were sampled and determined their metabolites using NMR spectroscopy.
Results
Twenty-nine types of metabolites were identified and most of the metabolites fall in the monosaccharides, amino acid, and fatty acids compound classes. The PCA, PLS-DA, and heatmap multivariate analysis indicated that there were two identified groups of resistances based on their metabolites. The first group consisted of resistant T/P, moderate P, resistant D, and moderately resistant DxP. In contrast, the second group consisted of susceptible P, moderate D, and susceptible D. Glycerol and ascorbic acid were detected as a biomarker candidate by OPLS-DA to differentiate moderately resistant DxP against susceptible D and P. The pathway analysis suggested that the glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were involved in the oil palm defense mechanism against Ganoderma.
Conclusion
Metabolomic study with 1H NMR was able to describe the metabolites composition that could differentiate the characteristics of oil palm resistance against basal stem rot caused by Ganoderma boninense. These metabolites revealed in this study had enormous potential to become support tools to breed new oil palm varieties with higher resistance against basal stem rot.
Physical and Thermomechanical Characterization of Unidirectional Helicteres isora fiber-reinforced Polylactic Acid Bio-composites
Authors: Acharya Prashantha , Pai Dayananda , Padmaraj N H , Mahesha G T
Published: February 2024

Identifying novel cellulose fiber bio-composites has become a vital initiative in the exploration of sustainable materials due to increased global concern for the environment. This growing focus on eco-friendly materials has gathered significant attention in recent years. The current investigation deals with one such material, Helicteres isora reinforced Polylactic acid composites. Surface chemical treatment of fiber is one of the most effective methods to modify the hydrophilic fiber to increase its compatibility with the polymer matrix. Sodium hydroxide was used as a pre-treatment chemical to remove any impurities from the fiber surface. Pre-treated fibers were treated with Methacryl silane and Potassium permanganate solution to chemically modify the fiber surface. Density, void content and water absorption behavior of the composites were analyzed as per the standard procedure. Tensile and flexural tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical strength, modulus, and flexibility of the unidirectional composites. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses were performed to investigate the thermal stability, melting behavior and degradation profiles of prepared composites. A study of failure mechanisms and morphology of the fractured surface through photographs and SEM images revealed fiber splitting and delamination as the dominant reasons behind the failure of composites under tensile loading. Silane-treated Helicteres isora fiber-reinforced Polylactic acid composite exhibited lower water absorption and higher tensile strength than its counterparts. Untreated fiber composite showed maximum flexural strength among the tested composites. By collectively evaluating the results of the tests and properties of the composites, silane-treated fiber-reinforced Polylactic acid composites stands out as the most favorable choice.
Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus among clinically suspected patients visiting Guhalla Primary Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Belete Debaka , Fekadie Engidayehu , Kassaw Melkamu , Fenta Melaku , Jegnie Azanu , Mulu Tigist , Assefa Muluneh , Adane Gashaw , Abebe Wondwossen , Amare Azanaw
Published: February 2024

Background
Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in countries with limited resources. The two hepatitropic viruses have common mode of transmission. Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C virus are the main causes of Cirrhosis, liver cancer and death.Therefore,the aim of this study was to determine the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus among clinically suspected patients at Guhalla Primary Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods
A hospital-based retrospective study was conducted at Guhalla Primary Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. The study included serology registration logbook data from all patients who visited the hospital and were tested using a rapid test kit between September 1st, 2017 to August 30, 2021. Data were entered, cleaned, and analyzed using SPSS version 26 software. Bivariate analysis was computed and a multivariable analysis was conducted to provide an adjusted odds ratio (AOR). P-value < 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant.
Results
In this study, a total of 883(883 for HBV and 366 for HCV) study participants were included. The overall prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV were 124/883(14%) and 73/366 (19.9%), respectively. The prevalence of HBV and HCV among males from the total HBV and HCV screened was 70/410 (17.1%) and 53/366(14.4%) respectively. In this study, Being female (AOR = 1.53, 95%CI = 1.03–2.27, p = 0.003) and age group of 31–40 years (AOR:2.85;95% CI: 1.56,5.17, p = 0.001) were statistically significant factors to HBV infection. Similarly, being female (AOR = 1.97, 95%CI = 1.10–3.53, p = 0.02), age group of 21–30 years (AOR:2.71;95% CI: 1.15,6.40, p = 0.02) and age group greater than 40 years (AOR:3.13;95% CI: 1.31,7.44, p = 0.01) were significantly associated with HCV infection.
Conclusion and recommendation
: In our study, High seroprevalence of HBV and HCV infection was detected among clinically suspected patients. Females and the age groups between 31–40 were more affected. Community awareness of the prevention and transmission of viral hepatitis infection should be strengthened through herd immunization and health education. The prospect study should be conducted in this area.
Innovative smart cards operating system for electronic identification applications – implementation in the Common Criteria regime
Authors: Bronk Krzysztof , Koncicki Patryk , Lipka Adam , Wereszko Kacper
Published: February 2024

As part of the work in the IDSoC project, an innovative framework, using a specialized integrated circuit and software, has been designed, to perform various cryptographic functions, particularly dedicated for use in electronic identification systems with a high level of confidence. All the activities have been carried out in the Common Criteria (CC) regime with the target EAL4+ level, which had a significant impact on the entire organization of work in the project. It is the authors’ goal that once the project’s outputs are finalized, they will successfully undergo the Common Criteria evaluation and certification.
This article describes in detail how software component of the dedicated framework was developed – with a particular attention paid to the aspects resulting from the CC requirements. The standards on which the simulator implementation process was based, as well as the assumptions necessary for its initial development phase, are discussed here. It also describes the entire communication process from the first exchange of messages between the card and the inspection system to the end of the message exchange procedure. The paper consists of five parts, starting with an overview of the Common Criteria requirements relevant to this work. After that, the requirements for the inspection system, which is a necessary element for card-terminal communication, have been specified. The implementation concept of the communication simulator was presented along with the discussion of its modules. The methodology of testing the simulator was also introduced. Finally, plans for further development of the project product are described.
Prevalence of Premarital Sexual Practice and Its Associated Factors Among Dire Dawa University Students, 2022
Authors: Mulgeta Natnael , Hailu Mickiale , Tadesse Daniel , Solomon Milkiyas , Hassen Mawerdi Adem , Umer Abdurezak Adem , Atle Anteneh , Melkamu Netsanet , Yigezu Muluken , Tefera Bereket , Tariku Zerihun , Weldeamaniel Tadesse
Published: February 2024

Background;In Africa, about 14 % of girls and young women aged 15–24 and 10 % of boys and young men aged 15–24 had sex before the age of 15. Sub- Saharan Africa revealed high and escalating level of premarital sexual activities among adolescents. In Ethiopia, studies showed that the proportion of higher institution students engaging in pre-marital sexual practice reached with range of 42.7% -54.3%. Even though a few academic studies were conducted, there are significant inter- and intra-regional variations on the result and the availability and role of youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health services within higher institution has not studied yet.
Objectives: To assess the prevalence of premarital sexual practice and associated factors among Dire Dawa University students, Eastern Ethiopia, 2023.
Methods: Cross-sectional study design was employed and systematic random sampling method was used to select study participants. The total sample size was 632. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire then entered into Epi Data version 4.1 and exported to SPSS version 24 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done to identify factors associated with premarital sexual practice and the degree of association were measured by using odds ratio with 95% confidence and significance was be declared at the p-value of< 0.05. The results will be presented in the form of narration, tables and, graphs
Result: A total of 626 participants were included, with a response rate of 99.05%. The prevalence of premarital sexual practice was 216 (34.5%). Staying more than three years [AOR 1.89, 95% CI, (1.3-2.76)], being male [AOR = 2.21, 95% CI (1.53–3.20)], rural residence [AOR = 3.67, 95% CI (2.37–5.75)], and using the internet for non-academic purposes [AOR = 3.21, 95% CI = 1.84, 5.61] never use youth sexual and reproductive health services were seven [AOR = 7.06, 95% CI = 3.74, 13.32] were found to have associations with premarital sexual practice.
Conclusion and recommendation: A significant number of students had started pre-marital sexual activity that might predispose them to varied sexual and reproductive health problems. Hence, sex education & targeted behavioral change interventions are recommended.
PILRA regulates microglial neuroinflammation and lipid metabolism as a candidate therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Monroe Kathryn , Weerakkody Tanya , Sabelström Hanna , Tatarakis David , Suh Jung , Chin Marcus , Andrews Shan , Propson Nicholas , Balasundar Srijana , Davis Sonnet , Yazd Hoda , Kim Do Jin , Theolis Richard , Colmenares Yaneth , Misker Hiwot , Parico Carlo , Guo Jing , Braun Dylan , Ha Connie , Raju Karthik , Sarrafha Lily , Tao Arnold , Chadarevian Jean Paul , Capocchi Joia , Hasselmann Jonathan , Lahian Alina , Tu Christina , Davtyan Hayk , Lewcock Joseph , Paolo Gilbert Di , Blurton-Jones Mathew
Published: February 2024

The Alzheimer’s disease (AD) human genetic landscape indicates microglia are an important cell type in the brain that modifies disease risk. A common loss-of-functon(LOF) coding variant in paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRA) is associated with reduced risk of AD, however the mechanisms underlying this protective effect are poorly defined. Here we identify biological functions of PILRA, an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM)-containing receptor, in human iPSC-derived microglia and chimeric mice. CRISPR-mediated PILRA knockout (KO) microglia increase ApoE uptake and lipid droplet formation concomitant with reduced proinflammatory lipids and metabolites and increased antioxidant lipids. Despite increased lipid droplets, PILRA KO microglia exhibit improved mitochondrial function, increased lysosomal degradation, enhanced migration, reduced reactive oxygen species, and significantly attenuated cytokine responses to proinflammatory stimuli. In addition, we found PILRA mediates downstream effects via STAT1/3 signaling. Single cell RNA-sequencing of human PILRA KO microglia isolated from AD chimeric mice showed similar biological pathways were regulated in a disease context. Finally, we identify an antagonist PILRA antibody that phenocopies PILRA LOF. Together, these findings define PILRA inhibition as a therapeutic approach to modulate microglial immunometabolism, thus identifying this receptor as a pharmacologically tractable therapeutic target for AD.
Real-world efficiency of combining local interventions with tyrosine kinase inhibitors plus anti- PD-1 blockades in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Xue Zhao-song , Yao Ming , Chen Kang , Huang Tai-yun , Li Jian-jun , Chen Ji-an , Huang Fei , Huang Yu-bin , Cai Xiaoyong , Yan Yihe
Published: February 2024

Background Combining local interventions with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plus anti-PD-1 antibodies in a triple therapy has demonstrated remarkable anti-tumor efficacy and facilitated conversion resection in patients with initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the long-term survival outcomes remain largely unexplored.
Methods
This study focused on a cohort of consecutive patients who underwent triple therapy for initially unresectable HCC at the authors' hospital between January 2020 and December 2022. Specifically, patients who exhibited a positive response to triple therapy and fulfilled the criteria for hepatectomy were selected for liver resection. Additionally, investigation assessed association between clinical factors and successful achievement of conversion resection, as well as postoperative recurrence.
Results
The study cohort comprised 79 patients, among whom 20 individuals (25.3%) underwent R0 resection subsequent to the initiation of triple therapy. Notably, patients without extrahepatic disease and those who exhibited a radiographic response to triple therapy were more likely to be eligible for curative resection. Importantly, hepatectomy independently correlated with a favorable overall survival (HR, 0.050; 95% CI, 0.007-0.365; P = 0.003). Other independent risk factors related to overall survival contained extrahepatic metastasis (HR, 2.152; 95% CI, 1.076-4.302; P = 0.030), tumor number ≥4 (HR, 2.058; 95% CI, 1.001-4.234; P = 0.049) and radiological remission (HR, 0.233; 95% CI, 0.071-0.768; P = 0.017). For the 20 patients who underwent surgery, 12-month recurrence-free survival and overall survival rates were respectively 43.3% and 66.6%.
Conclusions
The triple therapy demonstrated favorable prognostic outcomes and manageable safety profiles in patients with initially unresectable HCC.
Recent developments in agar-based optical devices
Authors: Fujiwara Eric , Oku Hiromasa , Cordeiro Cristiano Monteiro de Barros
Published: February 2024

Biocompatible optical devices are breakthrough illumination, imaging, and biomedical sensing technologies. Despite the noteworthy developments in silk, cellulose, and hydrogel-based optics, such approaches rely on expensive precursors and intricate fabrication. Therefore, agar extracted from red algae emerges as a promising biodegradable alternative as an edible, low-cost, and renewable material. This paper overviews the state-of-the-art of agar-based optical devices. Firstly, we revisit this phycocolloid’s fundamentals and highlight its appealing mechanical, optical, and electrical characteristics. Subsequently, we summarize the available agar elements, slab waveguides, and optical fibers. Lastly, we discuss their advantages and challenges by envisaging opportunities for future developments and applications.
Web-Based Machine Learning Framework for Authenticating News: A Fake News Detection System
Authors: Rahman Md. Abdur , Rahman Md. Mahbubur , Sumon Md. Hafizur Rahman , Islam Shanta , Hasan Md. Mahamudul , Sakib Md. Shahriar Alam , Ahmmed Md. Moudud , Hasan Hafiz Md.
Published: February 2024

Today fake news is curse for the society. Fake news has a bad impact on every human life. Disinformation is being spread more and more via fake news, which manipulates people's perceptions and knowledge to affect their awareness and judgment. Social media are mainly responsible for propagating fake news. Misinformation disseminated through digital platforms creates not only confusion but also cultivates biased perspectives among individuals. To prevent the problematic effects of falsified information we have to identify it first more quickly. This paper suggests the implementation of a supervised machine learning system designed to identify fake news through website analysis in this research, TF-IDF Vectorizer model is utilized for features extraction and thirteen models such as Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT), Bernoulli Naïve Bayes (BNB), Multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Linear Support Vector Classifier (LSVC), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), XGBoost (XB), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Extra Trees (ET), AdaBoost (AB), Gradient Boosting (GB) classifier are used to classifier fake news. The proposed approach used about 20,800 groups of data to test the suggested framework on a significant number of articles published through Kaggle. The recommended Linear Support Vector Classifier model outperforms the other twelve techniques, according to numerous approaches on this dataset. LSVC algorithm gives the highest 99.38% accuracy to classifier the fake news from monolingual text dataset.
FROM STREET SINGER TO POPULAR MUSLIM PREACHER FIGURES
Authors: Julia Julia
Published: February 2024

This article seeks to examine the representation of Chinese Indonesians in New Media after the demise of Suharto’s New Order regimes. It takes root in the recent phenomenon in Indonesia as the “reappearance” of Chinese faces in popular Indonesian media by discussing the celebrities or public figures, and ordinary ‘man-on-the street’ of Chinese Indonesians, who are catapulted in the mainstream mass media and portrayed in popular television formats in particular such as reality-shows, talk-shows, news and variety shows. Based on participatory observation and in-depth-interview to the producers of several popular TV shows casting Chinese figures, this article argues that the political changes from authoritarian Suharto’s regimes which marginalized Chinese ethnicity to democracy has re-identified the representation of Chineseness in public sphere which contributes to more reception of Chinese identity at large in the country. This representation intermingles to produce the debates on religiosity and nationalism.
Delivery of Organic Matter to the Early Earth
Authors: Martins Zita , Pasek Matthew A.
Published: February 2024

The inner Solar System—including the planet Earth—was heavily bombarded by comets, asteroids, and their fragments (i.e., meteorites, micrometeorites, and interplanetary dust particles) from 4.56 to about 3.5 billion years ago. This bombardment resulted in a rich assortment of organics delivered to the Earth, as comets and many asteroids contain carbonaceous material. These organic compounds were likely further processed on the early Earth (e.g., by impact-shock reactions), providing a feedstock of prebiotic molecules to the crust and oceans. In this chapter, we review the mechanisms of organic matter delivery to the primitive Earth, further reactions and processing, and the importance of exogenous material in the evolution of our planet and life.
Co+2/Klor İleri Oksidasyon Prosesi Vasıtasıyla Bemacid Blue Giderimi, Reaktif Radikallerin Tespiti ve Kinetik Çalışmalar
Authors: TÜRKYILMAZ Mehmet
Published: February 2024

Çalışmada Bemacid Blue (BB) sentetik tekstil boyasının gideriminde oksidant olarak kullanılan klorun Co+2, Ultraviyole-C (UV-C) ve görünür ışık ile kombinasyonları oluşturularak en etkili proses seçilmiş ve optimizasyonu yapılmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda boya giderim verimi ve işletme maliyeti göz önüne alındığında Co+2/Klor prosesi seçilmiş ve C0: 50 mg/L BB (0.84mM), pH:3, klor: 0.8mM ve Co+2: 50µM 20 dk reaksiyon süresi optimum şartlarında %97.78 giderim verimine ulaşılmıştır. Proseste %46.1 katkı ile •OH en etkin ve baskın radikaldir, ancak reaktif klor radikallerinin (•Cl2-, •Cl ve •ClO (RCS – Reactive Chlorine Species)) %51.68 toplam katkı ile BB gideriminde etkin bir rol oynadığı belirlenmiştir. Optimum şartlarda gerçek tekstil atık suyu ile yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda, dalga boyu taramasında oluşan 1 ve 2 nolu ana piklerde sırasıyla %83.2 ve %88.6 oranında azalma gerçekleşerek etkin bir boya giderimi sağlanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, Behnajady–Modirshahla–Ghanbery (BMG) modeli için korelasyon katsayısı değeri (R2=0.9999), birinci ve ikinci derece modellerden daha yüksek olduğundan BB’nun Co+2/Klor prosesi ile giderimini açıklayan en iyi modeldir.
The Essential Guides for Comprehending Digital Marketing
Authors: Tran Thi Thuy Sinh
Published: February 2024

[Charlesworth, A. (2020). Absolute essentials of digital marketing, first published September 24, 2020, by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, ISBN: 978-0367859206]
Temporal dynamics of water level and water sources analyses of karst tidal springs in Guilin, China
Authors: Ma Jie , Zhu Shilong , Wei Xiaomei , Guo Yongli , Cao Jianhua , Huang Fen
Published: February 2024

The hydrological dynamics and sources of karst tidal springs are difficult to capture and quantify due to fluctuations in their flow velocity. In this study, the Laolongshui (LLS) karst tidal spring in the Maocun underground river basin of Guilin City was taken as an example, with a 2-year continuous monitoring of the electrical conductivity, and water level, as well as water chemical analysis. The results showed the following: (1) discovered the variation pattern of LLS water level in different seasons, the water level fluctuates regularly on a daily scale, with a rise and fall time of 43.6 min after heavy rainfall in the rainy season, while in the dry season, it lasts for about 74–80 h. (2) Four peaks were extracted from the frequency distribution of electrical conductivity, representing the response of springwater under different rainfall conditions. (3) The annual average frequencies of the occurrence of P1, P2, P3, and P4 in terms of time are 53.82, 39.29, 6.18, and 0.72%, respectively. The results provide a new method for analyzing groundwater's source and dynamic changes in karst areas.
Daily lake-level time series spectral analysis using EMD, VMD, EWT, and EFD
Authors: Alizadeh Farhad , Roushangar Kiyoumars
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the dynamics of daily Urmia Lake level (ULL) changes using spectral analysis tools to discover fluctuating patterns in the ULL series. Therefore, in the present research, the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), variational mode decomposition (VMD), empirical wavelet transform (EWT), and empirical Fourier decomposition (EFD) were used to analyze the ULL signal. ULL series were decomposed into subseries, and the optimized outcome was used. All methods concluded that the ULL series has a steep downward trend. Signal reconstruction was performed, and it was inferred that EFD could not estimate the ULL series appropriately and had root-mean-square error (RMSE) = 12.26. Different from EFD, other methods performed better signal construction according to RMSE and error analysis. The mode-mixing issue was the last step in verifying the capabilities of signal-analyzing methods. Based on the power spectral density (PSD), it was seen that EMDs had mode-mixing problems and limitations in signal decomposition, whereas VMD and EWT did not have these issues. Results demonstrated that the present study has some limitations. Overall, it was concluded that VMD performed better in terms of RMSE, error analysis, reconstruction, mode-mixing problems, and PSD analysis while decomposing and extracting features from the ULL signal.
Beachgoers' responses to beach health advisories
Authors: Jones Jeffery , Aslan Asli , Nazaruk Dziyana , Zeki Sibel
Published: February 2024

Drawing on responses from 238 beachgoers who have visited a Georgia (U.S. state) beach in the past three years, this study asks respondents about their knowledge of beach water quality monitoring, awareness of beach health advisories, perception of water quality, and expected responses upon learning of a beach's water pollution advisory. Binomial logistic regression finds that the only demographic predictor of respondents who would completely stop visiting a beach with an advisory is whether the respondent is a visitor or resident (year-round or part-time). Nearly 40% of visitors would not come to a beach with an advisory compared to 13.4% of residents. Most respondents report they would continue to visit a beach but would stay out of the water and stop harvesting seafood from the beach's waters. More than a third (36.1%), however, are unaware Georgia regularly monitors beach water for water quality, and 41.2% have never read a beach sign warning of contaminated water or seafood. Alarmingly, just over half view aesthetic factors such as no litter, no odor, and clear water as criteria for defining whether beach water is safe.
Assessing the water quality of River Ganga in Varanasi, India, through WQI, NPI, and multivariate techniques: a comprehensive study
Authors: Singh Gurudatta , Chaudhary Supriya , Gupta Deepak , Kumar Mishra Virendra
Published: February 2024

In the present research water quality from nine different sampling points (S1–S9) from the River Ganga at Varanasi was examined for different water quality parameters, and multivariate statistical analyses were carried out. Subsequently, several indices, such as water quality index and Nemerow pollution index (NPI), were calculated. The results indicated that the Ganga River at Varanasi had high levels of coliform concentrations, altered pH, and elevated dissolved oxygen/biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand values. The weighted arithmetic water quality index values revealed that sites S8, S9, and S2 were the most polluted and unfit for bathing and drinking. Most of the sampling sites have NPI values greater than 1 for several parameters, indicating high levels of pollution. The study revealed that the water quality is poor for bathing and drinking at most of the sites throughout the year. In addition, the upstream water quality assessment revealed that water quality was good compared with the heavily contaminated downstream region. This knowledge can be useful for environmentalists, policymakers, and water resource managers to develop strategic plans to preserve the cultural and aesthetic worth of the Ganga River in the future.
Editorial
Authors: Araujo Marta Maria
Published: February 2024

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CAPITALISMO DEPENDENTE E A “QUESTÃO SOCIAL” NO BRASIL
Authors: Souza Silva Flavio Jose
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta reflexões a respeito das determinações estruturais do racismo e das desigualdades regionais no país, a partir da teoria da dependência e da análise da formação social-histórica-econômica-cultural brasileira. O texto destaca a importância de compreender esses fenômenos como determinações incontornáveis para se apreender a formação da classe trabalhadora brasileira e apresenta mediações que buscam traçar características universalizadas pelo modo de produção capitalista, mas que se particularizam no Brasil e se singularizam na região Nordeste. Além disso, o artigo discute a cultura profissional do Serviço Social brasileiro e sua relação com as reflexões apresentadas. Destaca-se a compreensão da formação da classe trabalhadora brasileira a partir das determinações estruturais do racismo, das desigualdades regionais, destacando a importância de analisar tais fenômenos como elementos fundamentais para compreender não apenas a gênese, mas também o movimento e as contradições da "questão social" no Brasil.
Preoperative and Intraoperative Factors as Predictors for Urological Injuries in Patients with Placenta Accreta Spectrum
Authors: Djusad Suskhan , Dilmy Mohammad Adya Firmansha , Pratama Rendy Adhitya , Purwosunu Yuditiya , Saroyo Yudianto Budi , Fadhly Raden Muhammad Ali
Published: February 2024

Introduction/Background:

Placenta accreta is an abnormal total or partial invasion of
the trophoblast to the myometrium of the uterus, with a prevalence of 1 in 1000 births globally in
2018. Surgical treatment of PAS is known to have a high risk of urological injury. No study reports
preoperative and intraoperative factors related to urological injury, especially in Indonesia.

Method:

A case-control study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Indonesia.
Data were obtained through medical records dated from January 2012 to December 2020. Pregnant
women with PAS treated with surgical management were recruited. The selection of the case group
consists of participants with urological injuries, while the control group involves participants with
no urological injuries. The case and control groups were matched according to the general characteristics with a ratio of 1:1.

Results:

Significant differences between groups were found in preoperative factors (history of urological symptoms, USG examination) and intraoperative factors (blood loss, multidisciplinary team,
percreta placental invasion). Multivariate analysis showed an association between the history of
urological symptoms and intraoperative bleeding to urological injury.

Conclusion:

Preoperative factors such as ultrasonography examination and history of urological
symptoms, along with intraoperative factors such as blood loss, multidisciplinary team, and degree
of the placental invasion, were associated with urological injury in surgically treated PAS
The Assessment of the Influence of Soil Type on the Nonlinear Seismic Response of a Corroded Reinforced Concrete Portal Frame
Authors: Idhamou Lahoucine , Mansouri Mohamed , Lakhouili Abdallah
Published: February 2024

Background

Most researchers have focused on the effect of rebar corrosion on the seismic behaviour of reinforced concrete (RC) columns. On the other hand, the influence of chloride corrosion of reinforced concrete in combination with soil type on the seismic behaviour of RC columns has not been investigated.

Objective

This paper investigates the influence of soil characteristics on the seismic vulnerability of reinforced concrete structures. The case study in focus is a reinforced concrete portal frame with columns exhibiting corrosion at ground level.

Methods

Chloride ingress initiates corrosion and reduces the cross-sectional area of the corroded concrete steel. In addition, this research considers two different soil types, namely rocky and loose, as relevant factors in the analysis. Firstly, the seismic loads are determined according to the Moroccan seismic building code RPS2011. Then, the evaluation of the evolution of the diameter of corroded bars due to chloride induced corrosion is investigated. Finally, pushover analysis is used to determine the location of the performance point on the capacity curve.

Results

The study also includes an investigation of the ductility characteristics of corroded reinforced concrete structures and the inter-storey displacement in different soil conditions. The results show that the inter-storey displacement decreases with increasing age of the structure. In addition, it is observed that the base shear force and roof displacement at the point of failure are more sensitive in loose soils compared to rocky soils.

Conclusion

The results indicate that consideration of soil type can significantly alter the expected seismic performance, resulting in higher vulnerability values.
People's Knowledge and Opinions about getting Dental Implants with other Conventional Treatment Modalities in Herat City Habitats, Afghanistan
Authors: Efan Ozair , Mahmoody Hakima
Published: February 2024

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the people's understanding, expectations, and knowledge of dental implants compared with other treatment modalities as a treatment option for replacing missing teeth among a selected sample of Herat urban habitats in Herat City, Afghanistan.

Materials and Methods

This descriptive cross-sectional study was done on a randomly selected 420 Heart City habitats from all 15 districts over one month, from May to June 2022, to assess the knowledge and opinion of Herat City habitats toward dental implants as an option for replacing missing teeth. An organized questionnaire collected the data with open questions, a direct interview, and the introduction and demonstration of a short animation about the dental implant procedure. The data were categorized by similar answers, interred, and analyzed with IBM-SPSS version 25.

Results

Among the 420 participants in this study, 67.9% of respondents had heard about dental implants, and 28.6% had information about dental implant and surgical procedure. Among all participants, 59% preferred dental implants for their missing teeth replacement, and 3.8% had received dental implants before. Education significantly influenced the information about surgical procedures of dental implants (p < 0.05), knowledge about dental implants (p < 0.05), and priority of dental implants for missing teeth replacement (p < 0.05). According to the source of information, most of them got information from medical staff and their family and friends. Other sources of information are dedicated to television, cyberspace, and advertisements.

Conclusion

The survey concluded that there was an unacceptable level of awareness regarding using dental implants as a treatment option for replacing missing teeth. Medical staff, family, and friends are the main sources of information. The level of education has an essential role in knowledge and awareness about dental implants.
Factors Influencing the Decision Process within Seeking Orthodontic Care among the Saudi Population: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Alharbi Raghad , Taju Waleed
Published: February 2024

Aims & Background

Orthodontic treatment is the first choice for the treatment of many different types of malocclusions, and patients’ decision processes while seeking orthodontic treatment are multifactorial. The aim of the present study is to assess these factors influencing the decision process regarding the public and orthodontic treatment for themselves or for their children, as well as the factors influencing the selection of an orthodontist versus a general dentist in Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods

A survey-based questionnaire was distributed through social media accounts that included questions about demographic data, reasons for seeking orthodontic care, barriers to care, and sources of information that may influence the decisions regarding the choice of orthodontic treatment for the participants and their children.

Results

The final sample included 320 responses from eligible participants (181 men & 139 women with a mean age of 39.98). ‘Family dentist recommendation’ was the most important reason for participants to seek out orthodontic treatment for themselves or a child while finding a caregiver who can handle complications and the availability of appointments were the most important barriers in seeking orthodontic treatment. Participants also assumed an orthodontist would be more reliable in finishing the treatment in the expected duration, yet they expected that treatment with a general dentist would be less costly and more convenient.

Conclusion

A referral from the family dentist has the most impactful influence on seeking orthodontic care. People are keen to have their treatment done by an orthodontist, but the major barrier in seeking orthodontic care is finding a suitable candidate. Parents prioritize orthodontic treatment for their children more than for themselves.
Physico-chemical and Mechanical Assessments of a New 3D Printed PMMA-Based Acrylic Denture Base Material
Authors: Ataei Kosar , Ghaffari Tahereh , Moslehifard Elnaz , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki
Published: February 2024

Background

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is progressively being applied in the dental arena due to its time-saving potential and low cost, especially for the digital preparation of acrylic resin denture bases in the treatment of edentulism.

Objective

This study investigated the flexural strength, surface properties, water sorption, and solubility of a new poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resin denture base fabricated with a 3D printer (test group) and compared it with a conventional heat-cured resin (control group).

Materials and Methods

Sixty cuboid wax samples were prepared from two groups, with a thickness of 4 mm and dimensions of 10×80 mm. Then, half of the samples in each group were thermocycled to determine the strength, surface properties, water sorption, and solubility of the samples. Two-way ANOVA and independent t-test were used at a significance level of 0.05 after the normality of data in groups was tested with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov.

Results

Based on the obtained results, the flexural strength was higher in heat-cured resins than in the resin fabricated with the 3D printer. However, the flexural strength values in both resins were clinically acceptable (65 MPa) based on ISO standards. There was no significant difference in the mean flexural strength in the presence or absence of thermal stress for both groups. The layered structure was observed in the samples fabricated with two groups. However, the layering structure disappeared in all cases after polishing. The layering structure had no differences in the presence or absence of thermal stress. Mass change over time was observed for all groups. In the water sorption phase, the mass increased rapidly in the first 7 days, and then the increase rate decreased until it reached an equilibrium on day 21. In the desorption phase, the mass decreased steadily in the first 7 days, and then reduction was continued until equilibrium was obtained on day 21 of the dewatering process.

Conclusion

The 3D printer samples had greater water sorption, and no differences were found between the solubility of 3D printer samples and heat-cured samples. Heat-cured resin exhibited enhanced water sorption after thermal cycling, and 3D-printed materials displayed no significant change.