bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Karakteristik Peternak Terhadap Performa Reproduksi Sapi Peranakan Ongole Di Desa PancaTunggal Kecamatan Merbau Mataram Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Viky Anggi Wibisono  , Novi Eka Wati  , Lusia Komala Widiastuti
Published: December 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh karakteristik peternak terhadap performa reproduksi sapi Peranakan Ongole (PO) di Desa Pancatunggal Kecamatan Merbau Mataram Kabupaten Lampung Selatan.Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Pancatunggal Kecamatan Merbau Mataram Kabupaten Lampung Selatan pada Bulan Juni – Juli 2023. Responden penelitian ini adalah peternak sapi Peranakan Ongole sebanyak 152 peternak dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 60 peternak berdasarkan rumus Slovin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode survei. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis diperoleh umur, pendidikan, dan lama berusaha ternak tidak berpengaruh terhadap tingkat keberhasilan inseminasi buatan. Pekerjaan peternak tidak berpengaruh terhadap Service per Conception dan Calving Interval, namun berpengaruh terhadap Conception Rate.Kata kunci: Karakteristik peternak, inseminasi buatan, Service per Conception, Conception Rate, Calving Interva
Karakteristik Peternak Dan Keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan Pada Sapi Simental Di Kecamatan Merbau Mataram Kabupaten Lampung Selatan
Authors: Fanda Setiawan  , Novi Eka Wati  , Lusia Komala Widiastuti
Published: December 2024

Inseminasi buatan adalah aktivitas perkawinan yang mempertemukan antara sel sperma dan sel telur pada ternak betina melalui bantuan manusia. Tolok ukur keberhasilan inseminasi untuk mengevaluasi efisiensireproduksi sapi betina adalah Service per Conception (S/C), Conception Rate (CR), dan Calving Interval (CI). Keberhasilan inseminasi dipengaruhi oleh tiga faktor utama yaitu; ternak, semen dan manusia. Faktor manusiasalah satunya karakteristik peternak.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis karakteristik peternak dan tingkat keberhasilan inseminasi buatan (IB) pada sapi Simental. Lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Merbau Mataram Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Waktu penelitian Bulan Juni – Juli 2023. Responden penelitian adalah peternak sapi simental yaitu sebanyak 250 peternak. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 71 peternak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode survei. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh karakteristik peternak: rata-rata umur peternak adalah 43,49 tahun, tingkat pendidikan peternak adalah sebagian besar Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA), rata-rata lama berusaha ternak 12,42 tahun, pekerjaan utama peternak adalah sebagian besar adalah petani, dan status kepemilikan ternak adalah rata-rata milik sendiri. Tingkat keberhasilan IB diperoleh nilai S/C = 1,96, CR = 50,70% dan CI =12 bulanKata kunci: Inseminasi Buatan, keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan, Service per Conception
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PROBIOTIK MGR-Plus MELALUI AIR MINUM TERHADAP BOBOT AKHIR EFISIENSI RANSUM DAN INCOME OVER FEED COST BROILER
Authors: Pardede Kelvin Jonathan , Tanwiriah Wiwin , Wiyatna Muhamad Fatah
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh penambahan dan dosis terbaik probiotik MGR-Plus melalui air minum terhadap bobot akhir, efisiensi ransum dan income over feed cost ayam broiler. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Jumlah ayam yang digunakan yaitu 100 ekor DOC ayam broiler. Perlakuan yang diteliti di antaranya P0= air minum tanpa probiotik MGR-Plus; P1= 1 liter air minum + 0,5 ml probiotik MGR-Plus; P2= 1 liter air minum + 1 ml probiotik MGR-Plus; P3= 1 liter air minum + 1,5 ml probiotik MGR-Plus. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah bobot akhir, efisiensi ransum, dan IOFC. Data dianalisis statistik dengan sidik ragam dan Uji berjarak Duncan. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa penambahan probiotik MGR-Plus berpengaruh terhadap bobot akhir, efisiensi ransum, dan IOFC. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah penambahan 1 ml probiotik MGR-Plus untuk 1 liter air minum menghasilkan bobot akhir, efisiensi ransum, dan IOFC ayam broiler yang terbaik.
 
Kata kunci: Ayam Broiler, Bobot Akhir, Efisiensi Ransum, Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC), Probiotik MGR-Plus
KARAKTERISTIK LITTER SIZE DAN BOBOT LAHIR HASIL PERSILANGAN INDUK SENDURO DI PUSAKA DAIRY FARM KABUPATEN SUMEDANG
Authors: Susilotami Rifa Khoirunnisa , Christi Raden Febrianto , Hermawan
Published: December 2024

Kambing Senduro merupakan salah satu jenis kambing perah atau kambing penghasil susu yang berasal dari Indonesia. Kambing ini banyak diminati untuk diternakkan. Pengamatan terkait kambing lokal perlu diperdalam agar menjadi informasi tambahan yang bermanfaat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis litter size dan bobot lahir turunan induk Senduro yang masih terbatas informasinya pada kambing perah di Pusaka Dairy Farm. Penelitian dilakukan di Pusaka Dairy Farm, Kabupaten Sumedang, pada bulan Maret 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan memanfaatkan data beranak sekelahiran induk Senduro di Pusaka Dairy Farm, yang kemudian diolah secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa induk senduro diketahui bersifat prolifik dengan litter size sebesar 1,8 ekor. Rataan bobot lahir keturunan induk Senduro diketahui semakin mengecil seiring dengan meningkatnya tipe kelahiran. Penggunaan pejantan Alpine dengan induk Senduro memberikan peningkatan bobot lahir sedangkan penggunaan pejantan Saanen dengan induk Senduro memberikan peningkatan litter size. Penambahan jumlah data serta tambahan data seperti paritas akan membantu memberikan pengidentifikasian data yang lebih baik.
 
Kata kunci: Bobot Lahir, Litter Size, Kambing Perah Lokal, Kambing Senduro
PEMBERIAN TEPUNG GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir Roxb) DAN BUNGKIL KEDELAI (Soybean Meal) DALAM AIR MINUM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PERFORMANS BROILER
Authors: Muhammad Ferry Oktavianus  , Nilawati Nilawati , Irzal Irda
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini dilakukan guna mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung gambir dan bungkil kedelai terhadap performans broiler serta dosis/level terbaik penggunaan tepung gambir dan bungkil kedelai yang diberikan melalui air minum terhadap performans broiler. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara eksperimen menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan). Adapun perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu P0 = kontrol, P1 = tepung gambir 0,5 g + bungkil kedelai 1,5 g/liter air minum, P2 = tepung gambir 1 g + bungkil kedelai 1 g/liter air minum, P3 = tepung gambir 1,5 g + bungkil kedelai 0,5 g/liter air minum. Parameter yang diamati meliputi performans broiler (bobot akhir, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi ransum, konversi ransum, dan mortalitas broiler). Hasil penelitian ditemukan pemberian tepung gambir dan bungkil kedelai dapat meningkatkan performans broiler secara signifikan (p<0,05). Hasil uji lanjut BNJ ditemukan pemberian tepung gambir 0,5 g dan bungkil kedelai 1,5 g memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap performans broiler dibandingkan kontrol dan perlakuan lain.
 
Kata kunci: Broiler, Bungkil Kedelai, Larutan Gambir, Mortalitas, Performans
KUALITAS FISIK SILASE AMPAS SAGU MENGGUNAKAN BERBAGAI FERMENTOR
Authors: Sudarmi Nurtania , Petrus Dominikus Sadsoeitoeboen
Published: December 2024

Masyarakat memanfaatkan sagu hanya sebatas memanfaatkan pati yang dijadikan tepung sagu.  hasil samping dalam pengolahan tanaman sagu dibedakan dalam tiga jenis yang terdiri dari kulit batang sagu, ampas sagu, dan air buangan.  rendahnya protein kasar dan tingginya serat kasar menjadi permasalahan tersendiri sehingga perlu dilakukannya proses fermentasi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian bertujuan untuk mengenai penggunaan berbagai fermentor dalam pembuatan silase ampas sagu perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya pengoptimalisasian produktivitas ternak ruminansia.  Perlakuan yang diuji terdiri dari : R1 = Hijauan + Silase Ampas Sagu EM4; R2 = Hijauan + Silase Ampas Sagu SOC; R3 = Hijauan + Silase Ampas Sagu TOP. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan perbedaan fermentor tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap warna, tekstur, dan jamur silase ampas sagu.
Kata kunci: Ampas Sagu, Fermentor, Kualitas Fisik
PENGARUH NAUNGAN DAN PENAMBAHAN PUPUK UREA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI JONTANG KUDA (Synedrell nodiflorai)
Authors: Anggi Derma Tungga Dewi  , Riski Nanda Amelia  , Kunaifi Wicaksana
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh naungan dan penambahan pupuk urea terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jontang kuda (Synedrella nodiflora) sebagai pakan ternak. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada September 2020 sampai Januari 2021 di Laboratorium Hijauan Makanan Ternak dan Pastura, Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 2 x 3. Faktor pertama adalah jenis naungan yang terdiri dari naungan dan tanpa naungan, faktor yang kedua level pemberian pupuk urea yang terdiri dari 0kg/Ha, 150kg/Ha, dan 300kg/Ha. Variabel yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah daun, produksi segar, dan produksi bahan kering. Data yang diperoleh akan dianalisis dengan analisis keragaman (analysis of variance) dan jika terdapat perbedaan nyata, dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan tipe naungan memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah cabang), dan produksi segar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan level pupuk memberikan pengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan jumlah cabang). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah penanaman tanpa naungan dan pemberian pupuk urea 100kg/Ha dan 200kg/Ha meningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan produksi segar
 
Kata kunci: Biomasa, naungan, pemupukan, Synedrella nodiflora
Approximation by a new Schurer type Stancu Operators and Associated GBS
Authors: Mutlu Nesibe Manav
Published: December 2024

This study presents a novel extension of the Schurer type Stancu operators and investigates their properties in terms of approximation. By utilizing the renowned Korovkin theorem and the convergence rate expressed in terms of the modulus of continuity, we achieve a uniform approximation outcome. Next, we demonstrate the theorems known as Grüss-Voronovskaja. Furthermore, we establish the corresponding generalized Boolean sum (GBS) operators and evaluate the convergence rate using the mixed modulus of smoothness. In addition, we provide several numerical and visual illustrations for both.
ECONOMIC AND ENERGY ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF CHICKPEA CULTIVATION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS AND HERBICIDES
Authors: Shcatula Yurii , Votyk Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

The main components of the latest chickpea cultivation technologies are competitive varietal technology; development of effective regulations for the use of various types of biological products by treating chickpea seeds before sowing; development of weed control systems in chickpea agrocenoses with the achievement of economic benefits from the introduction of energy-intensive resources, etc. It was established that the cost of gross production in the variant where herbicides were used was 42720-44400 UAH, and in the areas where, in addition to herbicides, chickpea seeds were treated with microbiological preparations Rizobofit + Biopolycide (1 t + 100 ml/t), the cost of gross production was at the level of 53520-54720 UAH. The use of these products led to a significant increase in yields and a further reduction in grain costs. Depending on the treatment of seeds with biological preparations and the use of herbicides, the cost of 1 tonne of grain was in the range of UAH 6644-8127. The highest conditional net profit was recorded in the areas where chickpea seeds were treated with Rizobrfit inoculant and Biopolycid biofungicide before sowing and with Frontier Optima soil herbicide at a rate of 1.2 l/ha - UAH 39715, respectively, with a profitability level of 265%. Energy analysis of chickpea cultivation allows to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of resource and energy-saving technologies in agriculture and crop production, to use energy efficiently, and to prevent environmental pollution. Calculations have shown that the use of soil herbicides increases grain yields, which is accompanied by a higher energy input of 31.49-32.73 MJ/ha. The highest energy yield with chickpea harvest was determined in the variant where before sowing chickpea seeds were treated with microbiological preparations Rhizobophyt + Biopolycide (1 l/t + 100 ml/t), and before the emergence of the crop, the soil herbicide Frontier Optima, 72% c.e., 1.2 l/ha - 40.33 GJ/ha was applied. The use of this composition of preparations in chickpea crops proved to be the most energy-efficient, as the gross energy of the crop increased by 30.6 GJ/ha compared to control I, with an energy efficiency coefficient of 2.44, and is approaching the energy-saving technology of chickpea cultivation. The values of the energy efficiency coefficient indicate a high energy efficiency of chickpea cultivation using biological products and herbicides in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
INTEGRATION OF SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES INTO THE STRUCTURAL SCHEME OF AUTOMATED GREENHOUSE CONTROL
Authors: Stadnik Mykola , Burlaka Serhii , Luts Pavlo , Kytsenko Alina
Published: December 2024

The development of wireless sensor network technologies has opened up new opportunities for monitoring and controlling greenhouse parameters in precision agriculture. Over the past decades, significant advances in agricultural technology have been made, which has contributed to higher yields. With the uneven natural distribution of rainwater, it is important for farmers to ensure that water is distributed evenly to all crops on the farm or according to the needs of individual crops. There is no one-size-fits-all irrigation method that is suitable for all weather conditions, soil types, and different crops.
Greenhouse technologies can be the best solution to this problem. Choosing the right method requires a detailed analysis of all greenhouse parameters. Farmers often face large financial losses due to incorrect weather forecasting and the wrong method of irrigating crops.
The aim of the study is to create conditions for increasing the efficiency of growing vegetables in greenhouses by introducing highly integrated systems for control, monitoring, management and automation of production processes. This involves the development of a structural diagram of a mechatronic smart system for monitoring and dispatching technological processes.
As a result of the research, a flowchart for automated greenhouse control was developed. In this scheme, the adaptation unit, based on the obtained values of environmental parameters, compares them with the standard values. If deviations are detected, the system sends information signals to adjust the agroclimatic conditions by activating the appropriate actuators - humidifiers, lighting lamps, internal irrigation and heating systems.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE WASTE SEPARATION PROCESS OF A SUNFLOWER SEED MIXTURE IN THE LIQUIDATION CHAMBER OF AN AERODYNAMIC SEPARATOR
Authors: Kudriavtsev Ihor
Published: December 2024

Seed waste and debris contain 30–50 % of grain or oil impurities suitable for further use, making them a promising raw material for processing. Mechanical sorting on specialized machines is the only way to extract this valuable raw material. The aerodynamic process of separating sunflower seed mixture waste into husk, kernels, and other impurities is an important part of processing at an oil extraction plant, but the issue of incomplete separation of husk from kernels reduces processing quality and leads to food product losses. Optimizing the separation process of sunflower seed mixture waste is a relevant task.
The aim of the work is to conduct numerical modeling of the process of separating sunflower seed mixture waste in the vacuum chamber of a developed aerodynamic separator and to justify its rational design and technological parameters.
As a result of the first stage of numerical modeling of the separation process of sunflower seed mixture waste components in the vacuum chamber, trajectories and distributions of the components were obtained. Using Wolfram Cloud, regression equations were calculated for the dependence of the distance between the peaks of the distributions of sunflower husk and small particles (Δy`) on the effective diameter (Dp), feed rate of components (Vp), and curvature radius of the upper edge of the vacuum chamber (R).
It was found that with Dp = 0.01 m, Va = 3.35 m/s, R = 0.054 m, the average distance between the peaks of the husk and small particles distributions is Δy` = 0.443 m. In the Simcenter Star-CCM+ model, the rational value for the intersection point of the mixture component distributions (y`int) was obtained as 0.43 m.
At the second stage of modeling the separation process in a column-type aerodynamic separator, regression equations for the separation coefficient (δ) were calculated based on the content of components in the seed mixture (ψh, ψd, ψk), feed rate (q), and airflow velocity (Va).
Rational values of factors were established to ensure high separation quality with sufficient productivity and reduced energy consumption: q = 133 kg/h, Va = 2.46 m/s, with the separation coefficient δ = 0.92.
EVALUATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE WALNUT DRYING PROCESS IN A CONVECTIVE-VIBRATING DRYER
Authors: Tsurkan Oleh , Spirin Anatoly , Rutkevych Volodymyr , Didyk Andrii
Published: December 2024

The drying operation is the most energy-intensive of all technological operations of post-harvest processing of plant agricultural products. Improving the energy efficiency of drying equipment is a top priority in planning and implementing technologies for post-harvest processing of agricultural products, including walnuts. There are a number of ways to increase the efficiency of the drying process, therefore, even at the stage of theoretical and laboratory research, it is important to evaluate the proposed measures and means. Analysis of recent studies and publications shows that the assessment of the efficiency of the drying process was carried out, in most cases, according to two criteria – the coefficient of efficiency and the specific consumption of thermal energy for moisture evaporation. In some cases, along with the energy analysis, the exergetic analysis was also performed. Exergetic analysis allows you to look for ways to increase the efficiency of the drying plant, analyzing the causes of the loss of exergy in the units and substantiating recommendations for improving the cycles of thermal power plants. Laboratory and production tests for drying walnuts were carried out on a convective-vibration dryer. At the same time, the following energy indicators were achieved: the efficiency of the unit was 0.4 with a specific energy consumption for moisture evaporation of 3.91 MJ/kg. In the calculation and design of heat exchangers, including dryers elements of similarity theory are used. In the general theory and practice of heat transfer, including the study of drying processes, about two dozen criteria are used. To assess the effectiveness of the walnut drying process, it is proposed, first of all, to use the criteria of Nusselt and Reynolds. Comparison of similar criteria of two (or more) processes or structural elements can give a decision on the feasibility of using a certain element of the system.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE DRYING PROCESS OF WALNUTS IN A CONVECTIVE BUNKER DRYER
Authors: Lavreniuk Petro
Published: December 2024

Walnuts are a high-calorie source of micro- and macronutrients, which makes them a valuable bio-concentrate for nutrition. However, to preserve their quality during storage and transportation, it is important to consider the botanical variety and growing conditions, as they affect resistance to oxidation. To ensure long-term storage and high quality of walnuts, it is necessary to improve drying methods that allow to reduce humidity to a safe level, minimize energy consumption and reduce the risks of spoilage and oxidative deterioration of product quality. The purpose of the study is to establish the functional dependencies of the process of drying walnuts and justify the optimal design, operating and technological parameters of the convective bunker dryer. An experimental sample of the CGK-4 «Tiras» walnut dryer was made to check the theoretical dependencies and justify the design and technological parameters of the dryer. Experimental studies were conducted on freshly picked walnuts of the Chandler variety with an initial moisture content of 22–28%. The effect of such factors as screw rotation frequency, air supply and drying duration on drying quality, energy consumption and productivity was studied. Modern methods of measuring humidity and energy consumption were used for the research, which made it possible to determine the average moisture of nuts, homogeneity of moisture, productivity of the dryer and efficiency of energy consumption. On the basis of the conducted studies, the functional dependence of the process of drying walnuts was determined, namely changes in the average moisture content of nuts wμ (%), homogeneity of moisture content of nuts in the hopper Θw (%) and specific energy consumption for the drying process Eq (MJ/kg) on the screw rotation frequency n (rpm), air supply Q (m3/h) and drying time t (h). These dependencies make it possible to justify the optimal parameters of the convective hopper dryer to ensure efficient and uniform drying: n = 30.6 rpm, Q = 1690.5 m3/h, t = 10.7 h. With these values wμ = 8%, Θw = 95% and Eq = 0.558 MJ/kg.
MODELING AND MEASUREMENT OF FLARING OF OUTER FLANGES ON PIPE BLANKS IN THE ROLL STAMPING PROCESS USING THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Shtuts Andrii , BABYN Ihor , Luts Pavlo , Rutkevych Volodymyr
Published: December 2024

Roll stamping (RS) is an efficient process for shaping steels and alloys in a cold state, enabling the production of complex-profile parts. To improve RS processes, it is crucial to study the factors influencing material deformation and the stress-strain state of the blank. Research on flaring of outer flanges on pipe blanks is labor-intensive due to the complexity of accounting for real conditions of localized deformation and the contact interactions between the tool and the blank. An alternative to experimental methods is the use of simulation modeling with the finite element method (FEM).
In this study, FEM was applied to model flange flaring on pipe blanks, based on a model consisting of a pipe blank, a conical roller, a die, and a mandrel. Calculations were performed using 8-node finite elements, with the tool modeled as a perfectly rigid body. Contact between the roller and the blank was defined using an automatic "surface-to-surface" contact algorithm. The results of the calculations revealed the deformation intensity in the flange cross-section after 55 seconds of compression, as well as the material microstructure and the distribution of deformation intensity and stresses.
Comparison of the simulation results with experimental data showed that discrepancies in flange shape and deformation intensity distribution were within an error margin not exceeding 10–12%. Additionally, changes in the friction coefficient did not significantly affect the stress state on the free surface of the flange. The study confirmed good agreement between the stress-strain parameters obtained through simulation and experimental data, although some differences were observed for internal points in the flange cross-section.
These results demonstrate the high efficiency of using FEM to model the flange flaring process in RS, allowing for more accurate prediction of deformation characteristics and the stress-strain state of the blank material.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOYBEAN PLANTS
Authors: Tsyhanska Olena , Slobodianiuk Eduard
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the influence of biological preparations on the growth and development of soybean plants of various varieties. In particular, such varieties as mid-ripe Sensor and mid-early Onix were studied. The influence and features of the activation of vital processes of soybean plants when using Rehoplant (a balanced composition of biologically active compounds - low molecular weight organic substances, amino acids, fatty acids, oligosaccharides, chitosan and a complex of biogenic microelements in ionic form and aversectins) and bioinoculant Anderiz (includes 3 strains of nodular bacteria Bradyrhizobium japonicum). It was established that the average duration of the growing season over the years of research was 112-113 days for the medium-ripening variety Sensor and 117-118 days for the medium-early variety Onix. The duration of the vegetation period of the studied soybean varieties changed by 1-2 days for cultivation in variants with pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biostimulant and bioinoculant. According to the results of the research carried out in the experimental plots, the effect of seed treatment with biostimulant and bioinoculant on the field germination, density and survival of plants of the investigated soybean plants was revealed. It was established that, on average, in 2022-2023, depending on the action of intensification factors, the field germination of soybeans also changed, in the Sensor variety from 84.4 to 88.1% and in the Onix variety from 89.9 to 92.1%, which affected on the formation of the plant density index for the period of full emergence of the Sensor variety - 51.8-53.9 pcs/m2 and the Onix variety - 55.1-56.4 pcs/m2. Seed treatment to some extent reduces the negative impact of mineral fertilizers and ensures an increase in the field germination of soybean plants. This phenomenon is due to the activation of physiological and biochemical processes in soybean seeds and seedlings due to the inoculation of seeds with a strain of nodule bacteria in a bioinoculant and treatment with trace elements. As a result of the research, it was found that the maximum plant height in the experiment in soybean varieties was recorded in the phase of bean filling, practically until the end of the growing season, the growth of the main stem did not take place. The lowest plant height indicators were observed on the control variant.
PROTECTION OF SOYBEAN AGAINST MAIN DISEASES
Authors: Pelekh Liudmyla , Drozda Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

An analysis of the most common diseases of soybeans in the forest-steppe of Ukraine was carried out. It was determined that the most common diseases were alternaria, powdery mildew, fusarium wilt, septoriosis, white rot, bacterial burns, etc. The species composition of diseases and the degree of their development were largely influenced by the weather conditions of the growing period. The reasons for the decrease in plant productivity and the decrease in the productivity of soybean seeds have been established. It was noted that an important point in the soybean protection system is the time of treatments. When determining the treatment time, you should first of all focus on the growth phase of the plant, and only then on the spread, presence or absence of the disease. The effectiveness of the use of fungicides in soybean agrocenosis is justified. The main active substances that are effective and control the phytosanitary condition of soybean crops for certain types of diseases are considered. A comprehensive and effective solution for the protection of soybean crops was found, namely Vibrance® RFC and Merivon® Pro poisons. Vibrance® RFC - its chemical composition contains fludioxonil 25 g/l, metalaxyl M 37 g/l and sedaxan™ 50 g/l. The increased rate of metalaxyl M improves the effectiveness of the product in the fight against systemic infections, namely ascochitosis, peronosprosis, pythiosis; fludioxonil provides reliable control against Fusarium spp (F. graminearum) and enhances control against Ascochyta spp. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Cercospora spp., Colletotrichum spp., Penicillium spp., Aspergillus niger, Phomopsis spp.; Sedaxan™ is an active ingredient that is simply essential for soybean seeds, as it is quite effective in protecting against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Cercospora spp., Colletotrichum spp, Phomopsis spp., which caused significant damage to crops in 2022. Additional adjuvants in the composition, which are components of Formula M®, increase efficiency by maximally uniform application and reliable retention of the drug on the seed. Merivon® Pro is designed to control root rot (fusarium, rhizoctoniosis, pythiosis), anthracnose, peronosporosis, ascochitosis, phomopsis, seed mold. The drug combines fluxapiroxad, which has unique mobility and effective action, and pyraclostrobin, which prevents the growth of fungal mycelium and suppresses the respiration of the pathogen. The results on experimental plots with a high background of fusarium and rhizoctoniosis show that when applying the registered rate of the poison, an increase of 0.33 t/ha can be obtained. This is almost 20% more than the control plots. In addition, the special formulation of these products is designed for safe simultaneous application together with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. This ensures that farmers can continue to use them to promote nitrogen fixation, a key factor in crop growth, while protecting the seed from disease.
PECULIARITIES OF SUNFLOWER GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT WHEN USING GROWTH-STIMULATING BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS IN ITS CROPS
Authors: Tkachuk Oleksandr , Bondaruk Natalia
Published: December 2024

This article demonstrates the conclusions of an experimental field study on the influence of different types of fertilizers on the dynamics of growth and development of sunflower plants. In the course of the experiment, the characteristics of changes in biometric indicators of plants depending on fertilizer were studied. A comparative assessment of the influence of mineral fertilizers, biological preparations of growth-stimulating action, and the combination of mineral fertilizers with biological preparations on the yield of sunflower was carried out. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of the use of biological preparations with growth-stimulating action of the Bionorma line on the features of sunflower growth and development and its yield. The research was conducted at the experimental site of the Agronomichne Research Farm of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, located in the village of Agronomichne, Vinnytsia district Vinnytsia Region A mid-ripening linoleic hybrid of the French selection MAS 87.A was chosen for the field experiment; mineral fertilizers - ammonium nitrate (N60), double superphosphate (P60) and nitroammophoska (N60P60K60), as well as biological preparations: Bionorma Azot (nitrogen-fixing action), Bionorma Phosphorus (phosphorus-mobilizing action). The results of the study showed that the duration of the growing season of sunflower varied within 153-157 days, and the height of the plants was 135-183 cm depending on the fertilizers. The introduction of different types of fertilizers during the cultivation of sunflower practically did not affect the length of the growing season, where the difference in seed maturation was only 3 days. The highest height was reached by sunflower plants with the N30 + Bionorm nitrogen fertilizer option. All types of fertilizers ensured a high percentage of field germination of seeds and preservation of plants until the end of the growing season. The highest increase in the yield of sunflower seeds was provided by the application of half the norm of mineral fertilizers with biopreparations of the Bionorma line: N30Р30 + Bionorma nitrogen + Bionorma phosphorus - 22.0%. Application of Bionorm nitrogen + Bionorm phosphorus contributes to obtaining a yield increase of 15.8%, and Bionorm nitrogen – 13.5%.
GROWING OF BEAN VARIETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE FOREST STEPPE
Authors: Vdovenko Serhiy , Gyk Yevgeny
Published: December 2024

In the article, a comparative analysis of common bean varieties is carried out according to valuable economic characteristics, with the aim of further prospects for their cultivation in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the right bank of Ukraine. Research was conducted during 2022-2023 in the conditions of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University using the following varieties of common beans, namely: Slavia, Ros, Fainy Yas, Galaktika, Lastivka. Varieties were evaluated according to a number of parameters, including the duration of the growing season, the number of beans and seeds, the weight of 1000 seeds, plant height, as well as quality indicators of beans. As a result of the conducted research, it was established that the main biometric indicators depend on the varietal characteristics of common beans. The largest number of beans can be obtained from the Ros bean variety with an indicator of 24.2 pieces, and the largest number of grains in a bean from the cultivation of the Lastivka and Galactica varieties (8.2 and 7.7 grains). The bean variety Fainy Yas is able to form the largest mass of 1000 seeds - 860 g, and the varieties Lastivka and Galactica have a slightly smaller mass of grain. Varieties of beans are divided into short and tall plants. Bean varieties Slavia (32 cm), Galaxy (40 cm) and Lastivka (44 cm) belong to the first group, Fainy Yas (68 cm) and Ros (52 cm) belong to the second group, and in terms of the duration of the growing season, all bean varieties had the same period, which was 116 days, except for Ros variety. The highest yield of beans is obtained when growing the Fainy Yas variety (3.8 t/ha), and when growing other varieties of beans, the yield can decrease by 11-15%. The biochemical composition of beans depends on varietal characteristics. The varieties Faina Yas and Lastivka are characterized by the highest content of dry matter with a value of 90.55-90.60%, and the varieties Ros, Galactica and Lastivka have a high protein content - 24.27%, 24.48% and 25.49%, respectively. At the same time, Ros and Fine Yas varieties are characterized by a high sugar content. In conditions of open soil, varieties are able to accumulate sugars of 9.08 and 8.98%, respectively, or to exceed the content by 1.6-1.7 times. The highest value of ash was obtained from Fainy Yas and Lastivka bean varieties, in which the indicator was 4.51 and 4.66%, respectively.
The Influence of Traditional Navigation Knowledge and the Utilization of Ethnomathematics on the Success of Traditional Fishermen's Operations
Authors: Kurniawan Dwi Agus , Elfaituri Khaled , Samuel Ahenkora , Dalhadi Nehmar J. , Sindu Sindu
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the influence of traditional navigation knowledge and the use of ethnomathematics on the success of traditional fishermen's operations in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach and the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The survey was conducted on traditional fishermen who have been operating for more than five years, utilizing local navigation knowledge, and applying mathematical principles in going to sea.
Methodology: The research instrument was a closed questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale to measure three main variables: Traditional Navigation Knowledge, Utilization of Ethnomathematics, and Success of Traditional Fishermen's Operations. Data were analyzed through validity, reliability, and structural model tests.
Main Findings:  results show that traditional navigation knowledge has a significant effect on the success of fishermen's operations with a path coefficient of 0.45 (p = 0.002). The use of ethnomathematics also has a significant effect with a path coefficient of 0.36 (p = 0.005). Overall, the two independent variables explain 60% of the variation in the success of fishermen's operations. This finding emphasizes the importance of integrating local wisdom and scientific approaches to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of traditional fishermen's activities.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This research has a novelty by integrating two approaches, namely the influence of traditional navigation knowledge and ethnomathematics, and exploring mathematical concepts in local culture. The results provide an important contribution in developing a model that combines local wisdom and scientific principles to support the sustainability of traditional fishermen's operations in Indonesia.
Realistic Mathematics Education: Unlocking Problem-Solving Potential in Students
Authors: Miharja Marenda Atika , Bulayi Makungu , Triet Le Viet Minh
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this study was to explore the role of Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) in improving students' mathematical problem-solving skills and learning strategies in the classroom. This study also analyzed the effectiveness of the RME approach and students' and teachers' perceptions of the approach.
Methodology: This study used a mixed method with a quasi-experimental design (pretest-posttest control group) and a case study. Data were collected using problem-solving tests, observation sheets, and interviews. The research instruments included context-based test questions, observation guides, and interview guides. Data analysis was carried out using statistical tests using SPSS and thematic analysis for qualitative data.
Main Findings: The main results of this study indicate that the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach significantly improved students' mathematical problem-solving skills compared to the conventional method. The mean posttest scores of students in the RME group were higher, with consistent improvement. Observations showed more active student engagement, use of visual aids, and contextual relevance in learning. Interviews revealed positive perceptions of teachers and students towards the effectiveness of the RME approach.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is interesting since it thoroughly examines how well Indonesian students, particularly those in junior high school, can solve mathematical problems through Realistic Mathematics Education (RME). In addition to examining students' opinions and teachers' learning practices, this study offers a fresh perspective on the RME approach's growth within the local educational setting.
Numerical Solution Analysis of Planetary Motion Models Using the Runge-Kutta Method
Authors: Sulthon Moh. Ba'its , Tu’sadiyah Halimah , Bulayi Makungu , Ibtisam Talha , Jeewantha Tharaka
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: This study aims to solve the planetary motion model numerically using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and analyze the planetary motion profile through the resulting numerical solutions.
Methodology: The process is carried out by solving the planetary motion model numerically using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, creating a program from the numerical solution, and simulating the program with variations in the parameters of the stability of the trajectory and the distance of the planet to the sun. The simulation results are in the form of estimates of the speed of the planet's motion in the x and y directions against time, and the influence of these parameters on the trajectory and velocity graphs are analyzed.
Main Findings: Simulations show that the trajectory stability parameter and the planet's distance to the sun affect the planet's trajectory and velocity graphs. On the trajectory graph, the planet's distance to the sun affects the aphelion, minor axis, and major axis values ​​of the orbit. The closer the planet is to the sun, the smaller its orbit, and vice versa.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The novelty of this research lies in the application of the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method to solve the planetary motion model numerically, without requiring function derivatives. This research also connects the numerical results with Newton's law of gravity to understand the relationship between the distance of a planet to the sun and its orbital pattern.
Comparing the Impact of Problem Solving vs. Problem Posing Approaches on Mathematics Achievement in Junior High School
Authors: Wirnayanti Wirnayanti , Craig Jeffrey , Malatjie Jeffrey Fourrie
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: The purpose of this research is to describe students' mathematics learning outcomes using a problem solving approach, describe students' mathematics learning outcomes using a problem posing approach, and to find out differences in mathematics learning outcomes between those using the problem solving and problem posing approaches.
Methodology: This research is a type of quasi-experimental research with the Nonequivalent Posttest-Only Control Group Design. The population in this research is all students of class VIII junior high school Muhammadiyah 1 Makassar in the 2018/2019 academic year and the sample from this research consists of 2 classes, where the two classes will receive different treatment, namely the first class uses the Problem Solving approach and the second class uses the Problem Posing approach, with a total of 25 students for the Problem Solving approach and also 25 students for the Problem Posing approach.
Main Findings: The results of this research are that there are differences in the average results of learning mathematics through the Problem Solving approach and the Problem Posing approach. Where in the Problem Solving approach the average learning outcome value is 82.96 with a standard deviation of 4.78, and the average learning outcome in the Problem Posing approach is 87.88 with a standard deviation of 7.36.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study provides new insights into how problem solving and problem posing approaches affect the mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students.
Exploring the Effectiveness of the Learning Cycle Model in Enhancing Mathematics Learning for Students
Authors: Binti M Mardatillah , Adeshina Abimbola Nurudeen Gbolahan
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of implementing the Learning Cycle model in mathematics learning..
Methodology: This type of research is pre-experimental research with The One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The sampling technique in this study is by Multistage Sampling. The research instruments used are learning outcome tests, student activity observation sheets, and student response questionnaires. The data analysis used is descriptive analysis and inferential analysis..
Main Findings: 25 students or 89.29% achieved individual completeness and 3 students or 10.71% did not achieve individual completeness. This means that classical completeness was achieved with a normalized gain value of 0.70 in the high category. Based on this, the application of the Learning Cycle model is effective in learning mathematics for students.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study offers a new perspective by showing that the application of the Learning Cycle model significantly improves students' conceptual understanding and mathematical problem-solving skills compared to conventional learning approaches.
The Correlation between Students' Problem-Solving Abilities and Their Mathematical Thinking in High School Mathematics Education
Authors: Firmansyah Edwar , Baluta Ines Buissa , Elfaituri Khaled
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between students' problem-solving abilities and mathematical thinking, and to identify how these two abilities can support each other in the development of holistic mathematical skills in secondary education.
Methodology: This study uses quantitative methods with correlational and survey designs. The instrument used is a written test, consisting of story questions and multiple choices. Data collection is done through structured observation and documentation. The software used for data analysis is SPSS, with descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques, including the Pearson correlation test and simple linear regression test.
Main Findings: The results of the study showed that there was a strong and significant relationship between problem-solving ability and mathematical thinking of students in grades 11.F1 (r = 0.74, p = 0.001) and 11.F3 (r = 0.68, p = 0.003). Problem-solving ability was also shown to predict mathematical thinking with a significant effect (R² = 0.55, p = 0.001). The problem-solving factor can explain 55% of the variance in students' mathematical thinking.
Novelty/Originality of this study: This study shows a strong correlation between secondary school pupils' mathematical thinking and problem-solving skills, particularly when it comes to number-related content. The study's originality is the finding that students' problem-solving skills can anticipate how their mathematical thinking will evolve, offering fresh perspectives for creating learning models that would simultaneously improve both abilities.
The Influence of PBL Model Based on Ethnomathematics on Critical Thinking Skills Reviewed from the Character of Love for the Country in Junior High Schools
Authors: David Guido , Yusnidar Yusnidar , Laukanova Roussanka , Kertesz David Csaba , Koirala Raj Kumar
Published: December 2024

Purpose of the study: This study aims to analyze the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model integrated with ethnomathematics on students' critical thinking skills, considering the mediating role of curiosity.
Methodology: This study uses a quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) to evaluate the relationship between variables. Indicators for the PBL model include understanding of ethnomathematics concepts, cultural relevance, student engagement, and effectiveness in learning. Critical thinking skills are assessed through basic clarification, inference, and strategy, while curiosity is measured by attention, questioning, and comparison.
Main Findings: The results showed that the ethnomathematics-based PBL model significantly improved students' critical thinking skills, with a direct effect of 0.68 and a total effect of 0.92 when mediated by curiosity (indirect effect 0.24). This model explains 62% of the variance in critical thinking skills and 29% in curiosity. This study introduces a novel integration of cultural context into a PBL framework, showing that embedding local traditions enhances cognitive engagement and critical thinking in a meaningful way.
Novelty/Originality of this study: The findings suggest that incorporating ethnomathematics into PBL not only enhances cognitive skills but also fosters curiosity, offering an effective and culturally responsive teaching strategy.