bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model Paralelisasi Algoritma Genetika Terpandu pada Sistem Penjadwalan Kuliah Universitas dengan Alokasi Waktu Dinamis
Authors: Fachrie Muhammad , Anita Fira Waluyo
Published: June 2021

One of the many techniques used to solve the University Course Timetable Problem (UCTP) is Genetic Algorithm (GA) which is a technique in the field of Evolutionary Computation. However, GA has high computational complexity due to the large number of evolutionary operators that must be performed during the evolutionary process, so it takes a long time to produce an optimal timetable. The computation time will also increase when the number of optimized variables is very large, such as in UCTP. Of course, this makes the application less reliable by users. Therefore, this article proposes a parallelization model for GA to reduce computation time in solving UCTP problems. The proposed AG is designed with a multithreading CPU scheme and implements a guided creep mutation mechanism and eliminates the recombination mechanism to reduce more computation time. The proposed system was tested and evaluated using two different UCTP datasets from the University of Technology Yogyakarta which contained 878 and 1140 lecture meetings in even and odd semesters. Unlike the previous ones, this study discusses UCTP with dynamic time slots where the duration of the lecture depends on the course credits. From the tests that have been done, it is found that the GA that was built is able to generate optimal course timetable without any clashes in a relatively fast time, that is less than 60 minutes for 1140 lecture meetings and less than 20 minutes for 878 lecture meetings. The use of the multithreading CPU model has succeeded in reducing computation time by 62% when compared to the conventional model which only uses one thread.
Kriptografi Audio MP3 Menggunakan RSA dan Transposisi Kolom
Authors: Paramita Cinantya , Usman Sudibyo
Published: June 2021

Mp3 is one form of audio file extension that is widely used today. With a variety of uses in a variety of mp3 systems become one of the audio extensions that are commonly found in technology systems of the Internet of Things era. However, with the many uses of the .mp3 file extension, there is a new problem, namely the security of the data itself. From these problems, the author aims to examine the security of the mp3 file by designing cryptographic science-based applications. The cryptographic algorithm used in the application is a combination of the asymmetric RSA 2048 algorithm and symmetric columnic transpositions. RSA 2048 algorithm was chosen because it has a key length in accordance with NIST standards in securing data. By combining the two algorithms, the application system will have the ability to manage mp3 files and encrypt mp3 files with the results of data that cannot be played like mp3 files in general. This application system will be developed by prototype method which is the best method in developing a system with trial and error in algorithm development.
Adaptive Streaming Server dengan FFMPEG dan Golang
Authors: Kristiadi David , Marwiyati
Published: June 2021

Quality of experience (QoE) when accessing video streaming becomes a challenge in varieties of network bandwidth/speed. Adaptive streaming becomes an answer to gain good QoE. An architecture system of the adaptive streaming server with Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) was proposed. The system was consists of two services e.g transcoding and streaming. Transcoding service encodes an audio file, multi-bitrates video files, and manifest.mpd files. Streaming service serves client streaming requests that appropriate to client network profiles. The system is built using the Golang programming environment and FFMPEG. Transcoding service has some execution mode (serial and concurrent) and passing mode (1 pass and 2 passes). The transcoding service test results show that concurrent execution is faster 11,5% than the serial execution and transcoding using 1 pass is faster 46,95% than 2 passes but the bitrate of output video lower than the determinate bitrate parameter.  The streaming service has a good QoE. In the 5 scenarios, buffer level=0 happens 5 times, and its total duration is 64 seconds. Buffer level=0 happens when extreme changes happen in network speed from fast to too slow.
Perbandingan Metode KNN Dan LBPH Pada Klasifikasi Daun Herbal
Authors: Isman  , Andani Ahmad  , Abdul Latief
Published: June 2021

Herbal plants are plants that can be used as alternatives in natural healing of diseases, parts of plants that can be used such as roots, stems, tubers and leaves, in Southeast Sulawesi there are currently 1000 herbal plants and 10 sub-ethnicities that have been inventoried, according to research conducted by the Ministry of Health (Kemenkes). Indonesia has 6,000 - 7,000 medicinal plants, Southeast Sulawesi Province has a variety of herbal plants that are not found in other areas, such as Komba - Komba or Balakacida (Chromolaena Odorata). However, in the present era, the number of herbal plants is not accompanied by the knowledge of the community about the herbal plants themselves. The purpose of this study is to classify herbal plants and to compare the performance results of the K-Nearest Neighbor Method and Local Binary Pattern Histogram. From the test results of five types of herbal leaves in Southeast Sulawesi with a total of 100 data sets, the accuracy value for the K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) method is obtained total accuracy value is 97,5%, while for the Local Binary Pattern Histogram (LBPH) method the total value is 94% of total accuracy value.
Penentuan Klaster Koridor TransJakarta dengan Metode Majority Voting pada Algoritma Data Mining
Authors: Wibowo Arief , Moh Makruf  , Inge Virdyna  , Farah Chikita Venna
Published: June 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic has made many changes in the patterns of community activity. Large-Scale Social Restrictions were implemented to reduce the number of transmission of the virus. This clearly affects the mode of transportation. The mode of transportation makes new regulations to reduce the number of passenger capacities in each fleet, for example, TransJakarta services. This study will categorize the TransJakarta corridors before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The clustering method of K-Means and K-Medoids is used to obtain accurate calculation results. The calculations are performed using Microsoft Excel, Rapid Miner, and Python programming language. The clustering results obtained that using K-Means algorithm before Covid-19 pandemic, an optimum number of clusters is 3 clusters with DBI (Davies Bouldin Index) value is 0.184, and during Covid-19 pandemic, the optimum number of clusters is 2 clusters with DBI value is 0.188. Meanwhile, when using the K-Medoids algorithm before the Covid-19 pandemic, an optimum number of clusters is 3 clusters with the DBI value is 0.200, and during the Covid-19 pandemic, an optimum number of clusters is 4 clusters with the DBI value is 0.190. The final cluster is determined using the majority voting approach from all the tools used.
Identifikasi Level Pengelolaan Tata Kelola SIPERUMKIM Kota Salatiga berdasarkan COBIT 2019
Authors: Safitri Adila , Syafii Imam , Adi Kusworo
Published: June 2021

SIPERUMKIM is the digitization process of public service licensing recommendations for housing implementation. The utilization of information technology governance is used to facilitate monitoring and evaluating the performance of SIPERUMKIM information technology which has been implemented in Housing and Settlement Area in Salatiga city. Information technology governance is a process that can manage investment decisions related to information technology within the company to achieve goals and meet company needs. The use of COBIT 2019 analysis in information technology governance aims to help organizations achieve risk optimization, governance, and information technology management. The results of this study are in the design form of corporate information technology governance and knowing the important process recommendations for the Department of Housing and Settlement of the City of Salatiga. These three important process recommendations are APO12, DSS02, and DSS03.
Predicting The Number of Tourists Based on Backpropagation Algorithm
Authors: Dwi Marlina  , Fatchul Arifin
Published: June 2021

The number of tourists always fluctuates every month, as happened in Kaliadem Merapi, Sleman. The purpose of this research is to develop a prediction system for the number of tourists based on artificial neural networks. This study uses an artificial neural network for data processing methods with the backpropagation algorithm. This study carried out two processes, namely the training process and the testing process with stages consisting of: (1) Collecting input and target data, (2) Normalizing input and target data, (3) Creating artificial neural network architecture by utilizing GUI (Graphical User Interface) Matlab facilities. (4) Conducting training and testing processes, (5) Normalizing predictive data, (6) Analysis of predictive data. In the data analysis, the MSE (Mean Squared Error) value in the training process is 0.0091528 and in the testing process is 0.0051424. Besides, the validity value of predictive accuracy in the testing process is around 91.32%. The resulting MSE (Mean Squared Error) value is relatively small, and the validity value of prediction accuracy is relatively high, so this system can be used to predict the number of tourists in Kaliadem Merapi, Sleman.
Efecto del portainjerto por aproximación en el estatus nutrimental del manzano ‘Brookfield Gala’
Authors: López Jiménez Álfredo , Sánchez-Cervantes Mariana , Cortes Flores José Isabel , Cruz-Hernández José-Pablo
Published: June 2021

En huertos de manzana de alta densidad, los portainjertos enanizantes juegan un papel clave, puesto que ellos promueven o estimulan la producción temprana, incrementan el rendimiento y calidad del fruto por unidad de superficie. Sin embargo, su desempeño hortícola depende de la capacidad del suelo para suministrar agua y nutrientes para el sistema radical. Bajo condiciones limitantes de suelos someros algunos portainjertos enanizantes no son capaces de satisfacer los requerimientos de agua y nutrientes para la variedad. En Aquixtla, Puebla, el crecimiento y desarrollo en árboles de manzano ‘Brookfield Gala’/Bud.9 son débiles, con sintomatología de deficiencias minerales, en contraste a los árboles injertados en Emla7, los cuales están produciendo frutos normalmente. En este trabajo se reporta el estatus nutrimental de árboles ‘Brookfield Gala’/Bud.9, apoyados por el portainjerto Emla7. El análisis foliar en 2018 demostró una concentración más alta de Mn y B en arboles ‘Brookfield Gala’/Bud.9 con injerto de aproximación realizado en 2016 y 2017 respectivamente. En 2019 la concentración de Cu y B fue más alta en los ‘arboles con injerto de aproximación realizado en 2017. En todos los árboles la concentración de Zn y K fue baja y la concentración de Ca y B fue alta. El efecto del injerto de aproximación con el portainjerto Emla7 fue incipiente en el desarrollo y crecimiento del manzano ‘Brookfield Gala’/Bud.9.
THE EFFECT OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATIONS ON
HOSPITAL PERFORMANCE IN TURKEY
Authors: EVREN SUBAŞI Asena Tuğba
Published: June 2021

ÖZET
Toplam Kalite Yönetimi uygulamalarının Türkiye'de hastane
performansına etkisi
Asena Tuğba EVREN SUBAŞI
Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi, Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti
İlk olarak sanayi sektöründe uygulamaya konulan ve faydası görülen
kalite kavramı hizmet sektöründe de uyguamaya konulmuştur. Sağlık
sektöründe ise hasta odaklılık, çalışan katılımı gibi Toplam Kalite
uygulamalarının alt konuları ile uygulamaya geçiş sağlanmıştır. Hasta
beklentilerinin tahmini ve hizmete kolay erişilebilirlilik ile memnuniyetinin
sağlanması, hasta tarafından tercih edilebilirlilik, hasta sadakati ve gelen
hasta sayısındaki artışı amaçlayan hastaneler aynı zamanda çalışanların
memnuniyeti ve hızlı teşhis, doğru tedavi uygulaması ile kurum
performansını arttırmayı amaçlamaktadırar. Hastanede kalış süresinin
azaltılması ile hasta giriş çıkışlarının hızlanması ile hizmet verilen hasta
sayısında artış sağlanması ve doğğumdan sonra beklenen yaşam süresi
üzerinde olumlu etkisi olması beklenmektedir.
Araştırmanın amacı sağlık alanında yoğunluk kazanan ve
yaygınlaşan toplam kalite yöntemi uygulamalarının, hastanelerin
performansına sağladığı katkının ortaya konmasıdır. Bu amaçla Türkiye,
Rusya, Kore, Almanya ve Fransa olmak üzere ülkelerde hastanede kalış
süresi ve doğumdan sonra beklenen yaşam süresi üzerinde etkili olarak
faktörlerin belirlenmesi için panel veri analizi yöntemi uygulanmıştır.
Araştırma sonucunda hastanede kalış süresi (gün) ve doğumdan sonra
beklenen yaşam süresi üzerinde 100,000 kişi başına düşen MR görüntüleme
ünitesi sayısının anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Toplam Kalite Yönetimi, Hastane Performansı, Panel
Veri Analizi, Hastanede Kalış Süresi, Beklenen Yaşam Süresi
Power quality issues: Power supply interruptions as key constraint to development in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Authors: Adeoye OS
Published: June 2021

The power quality issues in the world today are critical to the development of different nations. Prosperity of each nation depends on availability of constant power supply and the quality of supply of power is very important to the required developments in world in the past, the present and the future. Constant power supply is a major challenge in Africa particularly in Nigeria where the generated power is less than thirty percent of the required power. The metrics of power quality are voltage sag, flickers, spikes, harmonics, notching, transients and interruptions. This paper reviewed power quality issues and the interruptions as they affect the development of the State. The level of interruptions in Ekiti State was thoroughly examined and the causes of power interruption in the State were investigated. The method used was the collection of data in respect of power interruptions on Ekiti feeders from the Benin distribution company, assessment of the collected data through simple programming as a command for plotting the graphs through the use of MATLAB 2015 depicting the behavioural pattern of the interruption for a period of six months in 2016. The result shows that the interrelationship between the interruptions and development particularly as it affects domestic consumers, small and medium scale enterprise adversely. Recommendations were suggested with the objective of solving the problems being set up by interruptions in the State and these include installation of reactors, automatic voltage regulators and effective tap changing system on the lines, busses and transformer substation respectively.
Engineering properties of wood under different drying methods
Authors: Samson Nnaemeka Ugwu  , Zimuzo Uduji  , Oji Achuka Nwoke  , Emmanuel Amagu Echiegu  , Boniface Obi Ugwuishiwu
Published: June 2021

This project work focuses on the comparison of the engineering properties of Pyrus communis under solar and air-drying method. Green samples of the wood were dried simultaneously in both solar kiln and open air for 15 days. The daily moisture content reduction (%MC) under both drying conditions were observed and recorded. Mechanical tests (shear strength, compressive strength, hardness and tensile strength) were conducted. The results showed that open air-dried woods attained fibre saturation point (30-25%MC) within three days. Timbers dried in solar kiln attained lower %MC (12.9, 11.0, 14.3, 12.3) when compared to open-air dried samples (22.1, 18.5, 21.1, 17.1). For all the mechanical tests conducted, solar kiln dried timber had higher mechanical properties than the open air-dried woods.
Reduction of cement content using graded aggregates in concrete production
Authors: Benjamin Okwudili Mama  , Chinedu Christian Asogwa  , Boniface Obi Ugwuishiwu  , Samson Nnaemeka Ugwu
Published: June 2021

The aim of this project was to reduce cement content in concrete mixtures by changing the aggregate grading. For this purpose, concrete mixtures were made with aggregates having different shapes, textures, and grading. However, the workability of concrete mix depends on its paste volume, paste composition, and the type of aggregate used. Concrete testing was performed, and concrete properties including slump, compressive strength, and tensile splitting test were tested. The effect of aggregate shape on workability was evaluated by comparing one aggregate combination to another. It was found that the aggregate combination with S/A= 0.4 GR-B-CA+NA-A-FA had optimum workability properties and generally, GR-B-CA+NA-A-FA consistently had the highest workability, as well as the highest paste volume demand. This can be attributed to its poor grading as a result of the gaps in GR-B-CA content. Compared with NA-A-CA + NA-A-FA, it resulted in concrete mixtures with lower paste volume demand.
Analysis of vowel addition or deletion in Continuous Speech
Authors: Balakrishnan Sivakumar  , Praveen Kadakola Biligirirangaiah
Published: June 2021

In order to improve the recognition performance, the articulation of the transcription is very important in the process of training. For continuous speech, the essential characteristics of various speakers are pronunciation variation, over focused or inadequately highlighted words can results the waveform misalignment in the sub word unit margin. Because of the deviation in the articulation leads into misalignment when this is compared with articulation dictionary. So the deletion or insertion of the sub word is necessary. This happens because for each expression, the transcription is not precise. This paper presents the corrections in the transcription at the sub word level utilizing sound prompts that are presented in the waveform. The transcription of a word is fixed Utilizing sentence-level transcriptions with reference to the phonemes that create the word. Specifically, it clarifies that vowels are either deleted or inserted. To help the proposed contention, errors in persistent discourse are validated utilizing machine learning and signal processing tools. A programmed information driven annotator abusing the inductions drawn from the examination is utilized to address transcription errors. The outcomes show that rectified pronunciations lead to higher probability for train expressions in the TIMIT corpus.
Assessing urban sprawl by remote sensing and GIS techniques
Authors: Mohamed El-Sayed Embaby
Published: June 2021

In the context of mega sustainable urban development projects, this research was commenced with the impartial of assessing urban sprawl (i.e., land use versus land cover variations) during 2000-2016 by remote sensing and GIS techniques, where GCR “Greater Cairo Region” was taken as a case study. Primarily, literature in the field of remote sensing and GIS technologies were assembled and scrutinized. In addition, data regarding build zones, agricultural areas and bare soil regions so as water were assembled from different resources (i.e., Ministry of Agriculture). Remote sensing and GIS techniques were implemented. Results were obtained and analyzed. Finally, conclusions were deduced and recommendations were suggested. The research flagged-out that the GCR designated a drastic agriculture land loss of 10%. In addition, the research confirmed that built-up areas increased by 10% during 2000-2016. On the other hand, the results indicated that Giza and Qalyubia Governorates recorded the largest agriculture land loss by 8.72 and 7.88%, respectively, which is equivalent to 47 and 77 km2, respectively. The research prioritized the importance of defining the most affected zones within Giza and Qalyubia Governorates by correlating GIS data versus governmental files, where a difference of 50% was designated. The research portrayed the priority of modifying the government assessment approach in order to control urban sprawl.
An improved analytical method for triple stub matching (Stubs in Parallel)
Authors: Slobodan Babic  , Cevdet Akyel
Published: June 2021

In this paper we give the new improved analytical method of triple stub tuner for matching the load impedances to provide the maximum power transfer between a generator and a load. The stubs are connected in parallel with the line at the appropriate distances from the load. The characteristic impedances of the transmission line and the stabs are different. The paper points on the determination of the length for the first stub near the load. The limit lengths for the first and the second stub are found for which the matching is possible. The length of the third stub is directly obtained from the matching conditions. Even though there is not the unique solution for the triple stub matching we also shoved the existence of unique solutions under some conditions. The special cases are also treated. The results of this method are verified by those obtained using the Smith chart and there are in exceptionally good agreement. Even though there are not many papers on this subject this work could be useful for engineers, and physicist which work in this domain.
The analysis of personnel workload on navy hospital ships using the NASA-TLX method
Authors: I Made Jiwa Astika  , Avando Bastari  , Okol Sri Suharyo
Published: June 2021

Navy Ships A is a Republic of Indonesia Ship type LPD (Landing Platform Dock) which has the main task and additional duties as a Naval Hospital Auxiliary Ship. In their daily life, Navy Ships A carries out maritime security operations to maintain the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia, as well as carry out humanitarian social activities. This makes the workload of Navy Ships A personnel in the high category. And it causes a decrease in productivity and morale of personnel which will result in work accidents and not achieving the main tasks assigned to Navy Ships A. This study aims to calculate the workload of Navy Ships A personnel using the NASA TLX (Task Load Index) method under conditions the current number of personnel. This research is expected to be able to calculate the workload of Navy Ships A personnel with the condition that the proper Personnel Composition List (DSP) has not been fulfilled. As well as being able to provide workload calculations according to the number of existing DSPs, so that they can provide recommendations for the right solution to the problem of high workload experienced by Navy Ships A personnel.
Contribution of imaging to the management of acute generalized peritonitis in the visceral surgery department of the Sino-Guinean hospital
Authors: Oumar Taibata Balde  , Soriba Naby Camara  , Houssein Fofana  , Abdoulaye Korse Balde  , Mamadou Saliou Barry  , Mama Aissata Camara  , Mohamed Camara  , Aboubacar Toure
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Acute generalized peritonitis is a life-threatening emergency. It is most often secondary to a perforation of the digestive organ and or to the spread of an intra-abdominal septic area. Methodology: We carried out a descriptive retrospective study lasting from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 on the contribution of imaging in the management of acute generalized peritonitis general surgery department of the hospital Chinese-Guinean. Were included in our study, all records of patients with acute generalized peritonitis will be confirmed by imaging. We carried out an exhaustive recruitment of all complete files. Our variables were analyzed using the Epi-info 7.2 software. Result: Out of 578 hospitalized patients, peritonitis represented 8.8% of cases. We noted a male predominance with 60.8% and a Sex-ratio: M / F = 1.6 whose mean age was 41.9 ± 13.5 years; extremes ranging from 17 and 67 years with a modal class ≥ 30 years or 88.3%. Housewives were the most collected with 25.5% Abdominal pain was the main reason for consultation, i.e., 90.2%, the physical sign was dominated by a convex and sensitive Douglas-fir, i.e., 27.5%. The clinical diagnosis was supported by abdomen without preparation and abdominal ultrasound; performed in 84.3% and 15.7% of patients, respectively. We noted a morbidity rate of 15.7% dominated by septic shock (15.7%). Conclusion: Our study made it possible to determine the contribution of imaging in the management. In addition, in our study, the abdomen without preparation and the abdomino-pelvic ultrasound were revealed as a key link in the management of acute generalized peritonitis.
Control of the use of Sogobalo in the production of growth feeds for broiler chickens in Cote D'ivoire
Authors: Bouatene Djakalia  , Koffi Kouassi Marcel  , N’goran Evelyne Patricia Abo  , Bohoua Louis Guichard
Published: June 2021

In poultry farming, the management of feed inputs is decisive in production. This study is to optimize the feed use of sogobalo in breeding broilers to improve growth performance. To do this, five feeds different by their proportion of sogobalo were formulated and used to feed five batches of broilers in the growth phase. Each of the five batches received a specific feed. The five feeds under study consist of a growth staple supplemented respectively with 0%; 2.5%; 5%; 7.5% and 10% of sogobalo. In order to assess the effect of the supplementation rate of sogobalo, body weight, feed intake, weight gain, and consumption index and mortality rate were determined. The results showed that the animals which received the incorporation of sogobalo at 10% were the heaviest (3282 g ± 17.00). The consumption index was lower in the batch of chicken whose sogobalo supplementation was 10% (3.17 ± 1.00) compared to the other batches (3.36 ± 1.00; 3.54 ± 1, 00; 3.76 ± 1.00 and 3.95 ± 1.00 respectively for animals of the batches of 7.5%; 5%; 2.5% and 0%). The weight gain was significantly (P˂0.05) higher for the 10% supplemented group (529 g ± 10.00). No mortality was observed in the supplemented batch. On the other hand, in the control batch, a higher mortality rate (4%) was recorded. The supplementation with 10% of sogobalo optimizes the growth performance and the health of broilers.
The effect of fixed oil extracts of Nigella sativa on sickle cells: An in-vitro study in Khartoum state -Sudan
Authors: Eman Ali Abuagla Dafaalla  , Amira Ahmed Khalid Humeida
Published: June 2021

In Sudan, sickle cell anemia (SCA) is one of the most common inherited disorders of hemoglobin that has complications and becomes world problem. Nigella sativa NS (black seed) has been reported to have calcium antagonist and antioxidant activities, both of which play a role in the management of sickle cell anemia. The aim of the current study was to evaluate of the anti-sickling activity of the NS extracts, forty patients with sickle cell anemia were recruited for the study. A total of 3ml of venous blood was collected from each patient after obtaining the consent and the ethical approval, the blood was treated with Nigella sativa (NS) extract, and sickling test was performed. Descriptive study and p-values were used, and the correlation was evaluated, data was analyzed by SPSS. Recent study found that the sickling test after treating blood with Nigella sativa extract showed a negative result in 75% of patients and a 25% of patients showed persistently positive sickling test result. The anti-sickling effect in relation to various hemoglobin concentration, gender and age group showed p values of 0.007, 0.672 and 0.853 respectively indicating significant relationship with Hb concentration. Our study concluded that the fixed oil extract from Nigella sativa has an in-vitro anti-sickling activity on patients with SCA and this finding could indicate the use of this extract in treatment.
Chemical and microbial evaluation of water samples obtained from itinerant water vendors in Idi – Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: Igbokwe Nwamaka Henrietta  , Ofomata Chijioke  , Oli Angus Nnamdi
Published: June 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the potability of vendor waters mostly used by the urban dwellers in Idi-Araba, Lagos State, Nigeria. Sixteen water samples were analyzed, eleven from water vendors and four from source (Pumped Wells). One water sample from Nigerian bottling company was used as a control standard. Chemical analysis of the various water samples showed that they contained little and insignificant amount of toxic metals such as cadmium, nickel, lead and silver. Microbiological studies showed that vendor water was more contaminated than the source water and the contamination involved indicator and pathogenic organisms. All the organisms found in source water and more were found in vendor water. Susceptibility studies showed that of all the antibiotics used, the quinolones (Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin) and also aminoglycoside (Gentamycin) were the most effective antibiotics against the isolated microorganisms while Cloxacillin was the least active. The results of this investigation therefore suggests that the use of vendor and source waters in Idi-Araba appear unsafe for human consumption and domestic use. There is therefore the need for government and relevant authorities/organizations to provide potable water, stage awareness campaign and mass education on hygienic principles amongst the inhabitants of Surulere and the water vendors in particular.
Implementasi Fuzzy Tsukamoto Dalam Menentukan Upah Gaji Karyawan Perbulan
Authors: Saragih Siti Maysaroh , Lestari Ayu , Hutasuhut Mahadir Soleh
Published: June 2021

In a company, salary is a salary for employees who have been working for a month. However, in order to provide fair salary to all employees, the company must determine the criteria for providing salary. By using fuzzy logic, wages can be determined by going through the following stages: Fuzzification, Formation of the knowledge base, Fuzzy Inference, and Defuzzification. One of the fuzzy logic methods that can be used is the Tsukamoto method, where this method has an output in the form of firm values. To determine the salary, the data is collected from the Central Statistics Agency website in accordance with the criteria to be examined. With this research, employers can use the calculations from this research to determine salary salaries for their employees quickly, well, and precisely. So that the problem of determining the wages of their employees' salaries can be resolved properly.
Penerapan Fuzzy Sugeno untuk Menentukan Jumlah Pembelian Keripik Singkong
Authors: Nababan Jesica , Nurjanna Alvianti , Rahayu Melani Tri
Published: June 2021

The existence of small industries shows their existence in improving the economy. Small industries have the ability to utilize raw materials and produce goods and services. Evidence of the existence of a small industry that is by opening a new employment so that it can reduce unemployment. Likewise with the small industry of cassava chips. Along with the increasingly globalized era of modernization in which small industries began to develop, both through increased technology and increased productivity so that the competition is increasingly tightened among small business owners. Likewise with the small industry of cassava chips experiencing intense competition so it is necessary to have business strategies in business development. One of the reasons why small industries fail to compete is the lack of marketing strategies. The purpose of this study was to determine the number of purchases of Harahap cassava chips with the Sugeno method of fuzzy inference based on inventory data and sales data. This study uses three variables, namely inventory, sales and purchases by having two inputs, namely inventory and sales and one output, namely purchasing. The results of the application of the Sugeno fuzzy method can help the company to determine the number of purchases of cassava chips with a success rate of 88.88%.
Implementasi Metode Fuzzy Sugeno Pada Penentuan Harga Emas 24 Karat pada Kota Medan
Authors: Arieni Fildzah Nadya , Halimah Dhea , Audita Ira
Published: June 2021

Gold is one of the most precious precious metals by the public because gold prices tend to be stable and increase every month, gold investment has also developed quite rapidly. Gold can be invested in various forms such as gold bars and gold in the form of jewelry that has value to add to the wearer's appearance besides that there is also gold in the form of ancient currency coins that have historical value and are usually kept by collectors, gold is one form of investment that is not influenced by trends in society because gold is bought by everyone at any time. The purpose of this study was to determine the determination of the price of 24 carat gold in medan city. In this study, the authors used 3 criteria including demand, quality and price.
Implementasi Fuzzy Tsukamoto Dalam Menentukan Harga Gabah Pada Petani
Authors: Simanjuntak Josua Fernando , Sari Agnes Prawita , Syahputri Aulia Nada
Published: June 2021

In human life, many things require decision making, including in agriculture. One of them is rice farmers who make the decision to determine the selling price of their grain according to the quality of their grain. By using Fuzzy logic, the grain price can be determined by going through the following stages: Fuzzification, Knowledge Base Formation, Fuzzy Inference, and Defuzzification. One of the Fuzzy logic methods that can be used is the Tsukamoto method, where this method has an output in the form of firm values. To be able to determine the price of grain, the data is taken from the Central Statistics Agency website, so that later prices and levels of grain quality can be determined properly. With this research, the farmers can determine the price of their grain exactly according to the quality of the grain. So that the problem of determining their grain prices can be overcome properly.
Analisis Rekomendasi Peluang Usaha Jajanan Makanan Dengan Teknik VIKOR
Authors: Yustika Asri , Andani Sundari Retno , Suhendro Dedi
Published: June 2021

The research aims to determine the right food snack business opportunities that are able to attract public interest in Pematangsiantar City. The decision support system applied in this study uses the Vikor method. Sources of research data are obtained by observing or interviewing traders who sell food snacks in Pematangsiantar City. The recommendation of food snack business opportunities was carried out by taking 13 samples and using several criteria, including: (K1) initial capital, (K2) operating costs, (K3) profit, (K4) buyers, and (K5) competitors as benchmarks. From the results of research conducted with the Vikor method, it shows that the alternative that ranks first with the smallest Q value is Assorted Ice Cream with a value of Q = 0 as the recommended alternative.
Analisa Faktor Kesulitan Mahasiswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Skripsi Dengan Algoritma C4.5
Authors: Arisandi Azi , Damanik Irfan Sudahri , Saragih Ilham Syahputra
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the most dominant factor in students' difficulties in completing their thesis. In this study, researchers used data mining techniques using the C4.5 algorithm. Sources of research data used were obtained from interviews and questionnaires to students randomly in the STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematangsiantar environment. The research variables used were motivation to graduate on time (C1), ability to write scientific papers (C2), availability of learning resources (C3), guidance process (C4), and peer environment (C5). In this study, the alternative used as a sample is the student of STIKOM Tunas Bangsa, semester eight. The results of the classification using the C4.5 algorithm and testing with rapidminer software found that the most dominant factor in student difficulty in completing theses was the motivation to graduate on time (C1) with a gain value of 0.204593531.
Analisa Tingkat Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Pelayanan Pengadilan Agama Pematangsiantar Menggunakan Algoritma C4.5
Authors: Pribadi Eka Satria , Poningsih P , Tambunan Heru Satria
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine how much the level of community satisfaction with services in the Pematangsiantar Religious Court. In this study, researchers used the data mining technique C.45 algorithm. The source of research data used is by giving questionnaires to the community. In this case the researchers used the assessment attributes, among others: Service, ability, behavior, cost, and infrastructure. In this study the alternative used as a sample is Pematangsiantar City Community. the results of this study will become input for the Pematangsiantar Religious Court to provide the best possible service so that the community is satisfied with the service.
Analisa Kepuasan Pelanggan Menggunakan Klasifikasi Data Mining
Authors: Fauziah F , Hartama Dedy , Damanik Irfan Sudahri
Published: June 2021

The research objective was to obtain a model of rules in classifying the level of customer satisfaction at Indiis Cafe Pematangsiantar. By knowing the level of customer satisfaction, the owner of Indiis Cafe can improve the service if it is not good and further improve the service when the level of satisfaction is good. This study measures the level of customer satisfaction at Indiis Cafe Pematangsiantar. The method used in this study is the C4.5 Algorithm, where the data source used is a questionnaire / questionnaire given to customers at Indiis Cafe Pematangsiantar. The variables used include (1) Product, (2) Price, (3) Place (4) Promotion and (5) Service. The results of the study obtained 15 rules for the classification of customer satisfaction levels with 8 satisfied status rules and 7 unsatisfied rules. The C4.5 algorithm can be used in the case of customer satisfaction levels with an accuracy rate of 98.00%. From the results of the analysis is expected to be applied so that it can be used as a decision to improve service to customers.
Analisis Faktor Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Dalam Proses Pembelajaran Menggunakan Algoritma C45
Authors: Cahaya Ingkana Devi , Tambunan Heru Satria , Okprana Harly
Published: June 2021

Pedadogic competencies are the competencies that teachers must have in managing learning so that the process can run well. Mining data is a series of processes to explore the added value obtained from information or knowledge that can form a decision pattern that will later be used in analyzing pedagogical competency factors the teacher in the learning process for one semester is based on the criteria of understanding students, designing learning, evaluating learning outcomes, learning that educates and dialogues and develops students to share their potential. Pedagogic assessment is done by summing the value of each criterion and using a standard value to determine the final value. The application of the c45 algorithm can be used to prodece a decission tree that will be taken to determine the form of rules or rules that will be used as a decision tree
Prediksi Kelulusan Mahasiswa Stikom Tunas Bangsa Prodi Sistem Informasi Dengan Menggunakan Algoritma C4.5
Authors: Lumban Gaol Lydia Yohana , Safii M. , Suhendro Dedi
Published: June 2021

Graduation is an important element in an accreditation assessment process of an institution or university. It is important to find out information about the predictions of student graduation in the Information Systems Study Program at STIKOM Tunas Bangsa Pematangsiantar, so that students who cannot graduate on time can be identified earlier. The application of data mining can be used to predict student graduation. Method that often used to predict student graduation is classification method. This research using C4.5 Algorithm. Data that used as training data are from alumni of Information Systems Study Program at STIKOM Tunas Bangsa and the final level student data of Information Systems Study Program at STIKOM Tunas Bangsa used as testing data. Through this research, it is expected that the results can provide information on predictions of student graduation on time and as a suggestion for the university in making good decisions for improvement in the future.
Cardiac Surgery of Complicated Forms of Coronary Artery Disease: Features of the Perioperative Period in High-Risk Patients
Authors: Gogayeva O. K.
Published: June 2021

The aim. To analyze the features of the perioperative period in high-risk patients with complicated forms of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Material and methods. Retrospective analysis of 160 patients with CAD who were operated and discharged from the National Amosov Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery of the NAMS of Ukraine in the period from January 2009 to December 2019. All the patients underwent electrocardiography, echocardiography, coronary ventriculography and surgical revascularization with correction of concomitant cardiac pathology.

Results. One hundred thirty two (37.2%) patients were diagnosed with postinfarction left ventricular aneurysm (LVA), 12 (3.3%) with mitral regurgitation of ischemic origin, 16 (4.5%) patients had combination of CAD with aortic valve stenosis. Risk stratification by the ES II scale revealed the average risk of death of 10.08%. Surgery was performed in all the patients on day 5.7±4.7 of hospitalization. In 159 (99.3%) patients the operations were on-pump. There weak was direct correlation (r =0.29) between the dependence of the length of stay in the intensive care unit and the initial severity of the patient’s condition by the ES II scale. A weak direct correlation was found between the severity of the patient’s condition by the scales ES II (r =0.24, p=0.0022), STS (r =0.16, p=0.0325) and the time of discharge which was on 9.5±5.06 days in average. All the interventions were performed by experienced cardiac surgeons, with 25.3±14.1 years of experience in surgical treatment of CAD.

Conclusions. Despite the high predicted mortality, 10.08% by the ES II scale, mortality in the studied group was 0%. In order to prevent complications, the management of patients in the perioperative period requires a clear algorithm of action and timely compensation of comorbidity at all stages of the patient’s stay in the cardiac surgery facility.
CONFLICT IN NICHOLAS SPARKS’ THE NOTEBOOK
Authors: Dewi Ratna Sari , Arifuddin Arifuddin , Rosalina Afni
Published: June 2021

The objectives of this paper are to identify the conflicts revolving around the main characters in The Notebook, to describe and to explain how the main characters are able to deal with the conflicts in The Notebook. Conflict as a concept can explain many aspects of social life such as social disagreement, conflict of interests and fight between individuals, groups or organization. Conflict in literature refers to the different drives of the characters or forces involved. Conflict may be internal or external. This paper uses descriptive qualitative and library research methods as the topic deals with social matter, that is conflict, in a novel. Social matter is in the realm of descriptive qualitative approach so this method deserves to be applied.  The results show that there are four kinds of conflicts: man against man, man against society, man against nature, and man against self and the main cause of the conflicts is love and with love the conflicts are resolved by the main characters.
SWEARING WORDS ON YOUTUBE COMMENT COLUMN IN CNN POLITICAL NEWS
Authors: Lubis Febby Halimah , Hanafiah Ridwan , Putri Dian Marisha
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to identify the types of swearing words and the reasons of swearing words that are used on YouTube comment column. This study conducted a descriptive qualitative research. The source of the data was taken from comment column of video uploaded by CNN about political news on YouTube. In analyzing the data, the researchers employed the theory proposed by Lakoff (1975) in order to identify the types of swearing word and the theory of Andersson (in Karjalainen, 2002:23)  in order to describe the reasons of swearing word. The result of this study revealed that there were two types of swearing word, which were strong and weak swearing word and three reasons of swearing words, which were psychological, social and linguistic motive. The most dominant type was strong swearing word and the most dominant reasons of using swearing word was psychological motive. The word fuck as the powerful taboo word was the most dominant word contained in the expressions of swearing word.
A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF A VINTAGE AMERICAN AIRLINES ADVERTISEMENT
Authors: Dover Nathan John
Published: June 2021

Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is a rapidly increasing area of study used by Applied Linguists to examine discourse, that is spoken or written communication, found in areas such as education, media and politics. CDA studies focus on the relationship between society and discourse and how the use of language reinforces already established societal roles. This paper focused on a vintage American Airlines advertisement of 1968 which is a classic example of utilitarian advertising that purported a false reality of air travel in the late 20th century. Using the three-dimensional CDA framework designed by Fairclough (1989) the results showed a manipulation of gender roles by the advertisers intended to appeal to the male dominated passengers of the airline. Primarily, the alignment of air hostess with that of a mother. The maternalisation of this profession reflected the advertisers’ views of the time and in a wider societal perspective, power inequalities between men and women.
WASHBACK AND THE ASSESSMENT PRACTICES OF ESL INSTRUCTORS AT JAPANESE UNIVERSITY
Authors: Hughes Lee
Published: June 2021

This study investigated awareness among native-English instructors teaching English to first year freshman students studying English at a university in Japan, and the potential effects of their chosen methods of oral evaluation on washback. Washback effect refers to the impact of testing – whether positive or negative - on teaching practices, curriculum design, and learning behaviors.  Oral washback, in particular, in evaluation has seen increased importance in recent years, with more consideration given to how to provide positive oral washback in evaluations to ensure that they are as effective as possible in improving English levels. A mixed methods approach was used – a survey and interviews – with five instructors to find out about how they assess their students and how aware and how much attention they gave to possible washback effects of their chosen methods of evaluation. It was found that there is quite a variance among different instructors and knowing more about how to promote more positive oral washback to be useful in improving evaluation methods used.
ENHANCING EFL ADOLESCENT LEARNERS’ VOCABULARY ACQUISITION VIA ONLINE SINGLE PLAYER ROLE-PLAY GAMES
Authors: Lin Chien-Yu , Guo Yi-Huey
Published: June 2021

With the booming of digital gaming industry, numerous researchers have placed the focus on the use of online role-play games in language learning. However, the research focus of most prior studies was on the commercially-driven “massive multiplayer online role-play games” in the afterschool settings. The use of online single-player role-play games in the class was less studied. The present study hereby investigated sixty-five eighth graders’ use of one online single-player RPG called OzHigh in vocabulary learning. The participants came from three classes in one public junior high school in central Taiwan. By means of a single group design, the participants underwent the game treatment, pre-test, post-test, delayed post-test, questionnaire, and the semi-structured interview. The results showed that the participants had significant improvement on their vocabulary performance. They also responded positively to their role-play game learning experience. Nevertheless, that did not mean that they held negative attitudes toward the traditional face-to-face method of vocabulary instruction. Instead, they confirmed the positive effects of both instructional methods and were aware of the varied learning purposes of these two methods. It is hoped that the findings of this study shed light on language teachers in their efforts to enhance their students’ vocabulary learning.