bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Plant Species Richness On An Electric Transmission Right-Of-Way Using Integrated Vegetation Management
Authors: Yahner Richard , Hutnik Russell
Published: February 2022

The State Game Lands (SGL) 33 Research and Demonstration Area, Centre County, Pennsylvania, U.S., has been studied each year since 1953, making this 52-year old project extremely valuable as a source of information on the effects of mechanical and herbicidal maintenance on flora and fauna along an electric transmission right-of-way (ROW). A desired objective of integrated vegetation management on the SGL 33 Research and Demonstration Area is to create a diversity of plant species. In this paper, our objective was to document plant species richness among treatment units and in relation to wire and border zones on the SGL 33 Research and Demonstration Area. We noted the presence of plant species from late May through mid-August in both 2003 and 2004 and observed 125 vascular plant species in the 15 treatment units. The total number of species per unit ranged from a low of 35 species in a mowing unit to a high of 63 species in a basal low-volume spray unit. Of the total number of plant species found on the right-of-way, 95 (76%) and 110 (88%) occurred in wire and border zones, respectively. In wire zones, the average number of plant species ranged from 31 in mowing units to 41 in stem­foliage spray units. In border zones, the average number of plant species varied from a low of 34 in mowing units to a high of 41 in handcut units. The proportion of exotic species did not vary appreciably between wire and border zones (19% and 22% of total, respectively) on the ROW. However, the three units adjacent to unpaved state forest roads with high rates vehicular traffic not only had the highest number of total species in the unit (55 to 63 species) but also the highest number of exotic species (13 to 16 species). Hence, vehicular traffic and roadside management may be responsible in part for the invasion of seeds or other means of plant dispersal to these units. Because units relatively isolated from state forest roads tended to have fewer exotic species, these sections of the ROW can serve as refugia for native flora.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Obesity in Children Attending Al-Kindy Obesity Unit in Baghdad
Authors: Al-Momen Hayder , Nashter Saad Badai
Published: February 2022

Childhood obesity is increasing in frequency worldwide with including developing countries, while it was considered previously as the disease of the first world or rich people. The aim is to assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity with associated risk factors in obese children visiting Al-Kindy Obesity Unit. Throughout a period started in December 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020 in Baghdad, 109 children were randomly involved, 69 (63.3%) girls and 40 (36.7%) boys. Body mass index was evaluated in front of standard tables. A questionnaire was built to gather suspected risk factors. Eight (7.3%) of our sample were overweight [1 (2.5%) boy and 7 (10.1%) girls] and 101 (92.7 %) of our sample were obese [39 (97.5%) boys and 62 (89.9%) girls]. Significant associations were found between overweight and health education, sleep, physical activity, snacks and TV watching. Obesity was more frequently encountered than overweight in children with (heavy weights) who seek help visiting obesity units. Unbalanced dietary habits, sedentary lifestyle and spending more hours on watching TV are important risk factors.
Reduction of CO2 Emission in Concrete
Authors: Vijeta Kundlikar  , Alka A. Avasthi  , Pratibha Patil  , Prasad Joshi  , Sampat Nanavare
Published: February 2022

‘Urbanization is the new life nowdays. We cannot change or reverse it. That’s why going green is the only option. As a responsible citizen, it is our duty to the next generation we know cement is one of the most crucial element so try to replace whereas possible because Concrete is the second most-used substance on Earth after water and it's responsible for eight percent of the world's carbon footprint, Ekkomaxx cement, magnesium oxychloride cement, geopolymer cement, ferrocrete, calcium sulfoaluminate cement, and sequestrated carbon cement these are some examples of green cement. some products already commercialized and used in some projects but a number of these cements have not been utilized broadly in construction projects but possess great potential to be used’. The scope of the study is to product-based approaches can deliver substantial additional reductions in their global CO2 emissions, reducing the need for costly investment in carbon capture and storage (CCS) over the next 20–30 years:
Increased use of low-CO2 supplements (SCMs) as partial replacements for Portland cement clinker.
An Analysis on the Hardships of Crypto Currency to be Accepted as a Mainstream Currency in Future
Authors: Mr. K. Chandrasekhar  , Mrs. G. Suryakaleswari  , Mr. B. Pranava Sai Vamsi  , Mr. B. Pranava Sai Vamsi  , Mr. G. Bhargav Sanjay  , Mr. R. Phaneendra Charan
Published: February 2022

Money and finance are changing right in front of our eyes. Digital assets, as well as innovative financial channels, instruments, and systems, are redefining financial transactions and generating new capital channels. Rather of relying on traditional financial institutions to validate and guarantee your transactions, cryptocurrency users' computers connected to the currency's network confirm them. It is impossible to expand the money supply above a predetermined algorithmic rate since the currency is safeguarded and encrypted. The algorithmic rate is known to all users. As a result, no cryptocurrency can be produced or "mined" beyond the ceiling limit set by each algorithm. Despite the fact that there are over 1000 cryptocurrencies on the market, Bitcoin is the most well-known and widely used.
Teacher education in English Medium Instruction settings: a partial view from Brazil
Authors: Gimenez Telma Nunes , Marson Marilice Zavagli
Published: February 2022

Research on English Medium Instruction (EMI) has increased around the world, especially in Europe and Southeast Asia (Macaro et al., 2018). In Brazil, studies have focused on the implementation of EMI in higher education institutions and ways of improving it (Baumvol & Sarmento, 2019). This article analyzes EMI preparatory courses offered in Brazilian higher education institutions, according to publications from 2016 to 2020. To identify the courses offered by Brazilian institutions to support EMI teaching, we conducted a search on Google and Google Scholar to map publications between 2016-2020 about those courses. Through content analysis we conclude that initial efforts to prepare lecturers for EMI contexts present a great variety of purposes, duration and approaches, with many research gaps in need of further development.
Discurso e sociedade na aula de Inglês como língua adicional: proposta de ensino baseado em conteúdo sob a perspectiva educativa de projetos de trabalho
Authors: Motta-Roth Désirée , Selbach Helena Vitalina
Published: February 2022

Apresentamos uma proposta de ensino de Inglês como Língua Adicional, assumindo os conceitos de discurso (linguagem como prática social em gêneros discursivos) como constitutivo da vida social e, portanto, essencial a questões que envolvem a experiência humana. Mobilizamos e inter-relacionamos conceitos da Perspectiva educativa de projetos de trabalho (HERNÁNDEZ, 2014) e do Ensino baseado em conteúdo (LYSTER, 2018), exemplificando nossa discussão teórica com um projeto interdisciplinar, como possível abordagem de referência para uma variedade de propostas pedagógicas situadas em diferentes contextos de ensino. Tentamos expor os desafios e as vantagens da apropriação do conceito de gênero discursivo, considerando discussões no campo da Linguística Aplicada e possibilidades atuais para a educação linguística.
An investigation on the role of referentiality in the interpretation of relative clauses in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Bezerra Gitanna
Published: February 2022

This paper presents an off-line experiment we conducted to investigate theinfluence of referentiality on relative clause (RC) interpretation in BrazilianPortuguese. RCs associated with complex NPs seem to be preferentiallyattached to a referential noun. This referentiality effect can be treated indiscourse terms (Gilboy, Sopena, Clifton & Frazier, 1995) or in syntacticsemanticterms (Bezerra, 2017; this paper). Our questionnaire tested theseapproaches using two types of complex NPs (occupational and kinshipNPs) and the results showed that the syntactic-semantic structure ofthese complex NPs can account for the referentiality effect reported in theliterature by Gilboy et al. (1995). Based on our results, we argue in favorof the syntactic-semantic approach and show that the discourse-orientedapproach lacks explanatory power.
Immune System in COVID-19: Is It Temporarily Defeated While Conquering?
Authors: Aye Aye Wynn  , Mya Nang Khin
Published: February 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is spreading worldwide and becomes a major cause of mortality. In addition to major pathology in lungs such as pneumonia or respiratory failure, multiorgan failure and frequently haematological disorders such as thromboembolic manifestations are leading causes of mortality. This study reviews the interaction of the immune system with target cells, the role of cytokines and other components such as complements encountered in the pathophysiology of major disease processes and possible post-recovery complications. Although there are some clinical effects induced by strong immune reactions, long term immunity against the virus is found in the majority.
Impacto de las clases virtuales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la educación superior
Authors: Vargas Santillan María Antonieta
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo es valorar el impacto de las clases virtuales en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la educación superior.  Este tipo de clases recogen la vida interna del proceso docente – educativo; ella constituye una nueva forma de organización que posibilita la adquisición de conocimientos, hábitos, habilidades y competencias. El uso de las modernas tecnologías de la comunicación en la formación a distancia puede atraer fácilmente a una generación más joven que las formas tradicionales de formación. El empleo de esta tipología de clases de forma fluida y práctica posibilita poner a los estudiantes a la altura de sus tiempos.
ANALISIS SWOT POTENSI PENGEMBANGAN TEKNOLOGI ENERGI GENERATOR MAGNETIK DI INDUSTRI BAJA (STUDI KASUS PT XYZ)
Authors: Kuswanto Moch , Benedict Cahyasusila Abraham , Agus Gemilang Gultom Rudy
Published: February 2022

Industri baja tergolong dalam kategori industri yang padat energi. Namun permasalahan efisiensi penggunaan energi adalah salah satu permasalahan utama yang dihadapi oleh industri baja nasional. Inefisiensi pemakaian energi akan sangat merugikan bagi industri baja karena terkait dengan jumlah produksi yang dihasilkan serta keuntungan agregat industri. PT XYZ yang merupakan perusahaan baja terpadu di Indonesia mempertimbangkan melakukan efisiensi energi guna menekan biaya produksi dengan kapasitas produksi baja minimal sama dengan kapasitas produksi sebelumnya atau bahkan meningkatkannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi penggunaan energi generator magnet sebagai sumber energi alternatif yang dapat digunakan di PT XYZ. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode kualitatif deskriptif dan analisis data dilakukan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa energi listrik dari generator magnet memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai sumber alternatif energi baru terbarukan dan strategi yang dapat digunakan oleh PT XYZ adalah strategi SO (bersifat agresif) yakni dengan mengoptimalkan kinerja divisi Energy Control Center, melakukan upaya pembaruan teknologi diberbagai lini produksi dan terus melaksanakan penelitian dan pengembangan generator magnet sebagai energi alternatif yang baru.
PEMANFAATAN KULIT PISANG AMBON (Musa Paradisiaca) MENJADI OLAHAN DODOL BERNILAI JUAL TINGGI
Authors: Aftori Syaradina Nafisa , Adirianto Bayu , Pardani Fahrezi Finandiki , Nuraripin Ridwan
Published: February 2022

Di Indonesia, orientasi pengolahan pisang hanya terfokus pada pengolahan buah sehingga jumlah kulit pisang biasanya dibuang karena dianggap sebagai sampah, hal tersebut mengakibatkan ketidakefisienan produksi, padahal kulitnya memiliki kandungan gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat limbah kulit pisang dapat dijadikan dodol yang disukai panelis, menganalisis kelayakan usaha dodol kulit pisang dan karakteristik sensori dodol kulit pisang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu eksperimen langsung pembuatan dodol dengan perbandingan kulit pisang dan tepung beras ketan yaitu 1:1, menganalisa kelayakan usaha dan identifikasi SWOT, serta melakukan uji sensori secara organoleptik dan hedonik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kulit pisang berpotensi dijadikan olahan dodol tanpa mengurangi karakteristik dodol berdasarkan SNI, analisa kelayakan usaha menunjukan rasio R/C produk dodol bernilai 1,3 yang berarti usaha dodol kulit pisang layak untuk dikembangkan. Hasil pengujian sensori secara organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa dodol berwarna coklat, beraroma pisang, bertekstur kenyal, dan berasa pisang. Pengujian sensori dodol terpilih secara hedonik memiliki tingkat kesukaan tertinggi oleh panelis.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KULIT PISANG AMBON (Musa paradisiaca) MENJADI KERUPUK BERNILAI EKONOMIS
Authors: Seliawati Intan , Adirianto Bayu , Rafli Muhammad , Setiawan Yusuf Rizki
Published: February 2022

Pisang (Musa paradisiaca) merupakan komoditas pertanian yang produksinya terus meningkat di Indonesia.Â  Kulit pisang merupakan limbah yang dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan ternak seperti kambing, sapi, dan kerbau. Limbah kulit pisang ini sebenarnya mengandung zat gizi yang cukup tinggi terutama pada vitamin dan mineralnya serta dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menghasilkan produk yang memberi nilai ekonomi yang cukup tinggi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu eksperimen langsung pembuatan kerupuk kulit pisang, menganalisa kelayakan usaha dan identifikasi SWOT, serta melakukan uji sensori secara organoleptik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerupuk kulit pisang dapat dikonsumsi dan diterima oleh responden, analisa kelayakan usaha menunjukan rasio R/C produk dodol bernilai 1,93 yang berarti usaha kerupuk kulit pisang layak untuk dikembangkan. Hasil pengujian sensori secara organoleptik menunjukkan bahwa kerupuk kulit pisang memiliki skor aroma, rasa dan harga yang lebih baik dibandingkan kerupuk konvensional menurut responden.
Potensi Pemanfaatan Limbah Pertanian Lokal sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Petsai (Brassica pekinensis)
Authors: Marasabessy Dessy Ariyani , Tanasale Vilma
Published: February 2022

Limbah pertanian lokal yang terdapat di sekitar lingkungan (In-situ) seperti : bonggol dan kulit pisang, gulma Colopogonium mucunoides, air beras, dan air kelapa dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik cair untuk menunjang pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman petsai (Brassica pekinensis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji potensi limbah pertanian local (bonggol pisang, kulit pisang, gulma Colopogonium mucunoides, air beras, dan air kelapa) sebagai pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman petsai. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Tulehu Kecamatan Salahutu Kabupaten Maluku Tengah dari Bulan Agustus sampai November 2018. PenelitianÂ  dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan satu faktor. Perlakuan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah dosis pupuk organik cairÂ  terdiri atas 4 taraf yaitu: kontrolÂ  (P0), 10 ml L-1 Â (P1),Â  20 ml L-1Â  (P2), 30 ml L-1 (P3). Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA bila bepengaruh nyata akan dilanjutkan dengan BNJ taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dosis pupuk organik cair berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot segar tanaman dan bobot kering tanaman tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap luas daun. Dosis 20 ml L-1 Â menunjukan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun masing-masing 38,21 cm dan 18,79 bila dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya. Perlakuan P2 (20 ml L-1) menunjukan pengaruh nyata terhadap bobot segar tanaman (140,12) g dan bobot kering tanaman (28,73) g bila dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.
Analysis The Level Of Cattlemanâ€™s Knowledge Using The T-Test And Wilcoxon In Maju Farmer Group
Authors: Hastari Bismi Widi , Gandasari Dyah , Harry Harry
Published: February 2022

Tani Maju farmer group is one of the farming groups located in Rorotan Village, Cilincing District, North Jakarta City Administration. This group has a lot of sheep and advanced management. Despite they manage their sheep well, they are not well informed on how to manage the sewage from their castles (faces and urine). So far, they just throw away the sewage or gave them to fellow farmers. This study aimed to analyze the level of farmers' knowledge in making use of sheep's urine to be degraded into bio urine in the Maju Farmer group. Data was collected through the pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using paired t-test and Wilcoxon statistical software (IBM SPSS Statistics 25). The results of the study showed that farmers' knowledge in sewage (Urine) management increased; there is a significant difference in farmers' level of knowledge in bio urine production before and after bio urine extension.
MINAT PETANI DALAM PENERAPAN PEMUPUKAN BERIMBANG DENGAN TEKNOLOGI UREA BERLAPIS ASAM HUMAT PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN RANCAKALONG SUMEDANG
Authors: Nurhayati Tuti , Krisnawati Endang , Widyastuti Nawangwulan
Published: February 2022

Agricultural development requires an active role from an outreach agency that is responsible for facilitating the adoption of agricultural technology innovations by farmers. To realize the development of agriculture it is necessary cooperation between the implementing agencies of agricultural development that are able to interact directly with the farmer well and understand the obstacles that are facing farmers and able to provide a coaching to solve the problem. From the results of the identification done in the field, it can be known that the problem lies in the cultivation activities that do not apply a balanced fertilizing concept, so that the soil is experiencing quality degradation and infertile anymore. The effort can be done is with the application of humic acid use. This assessment is aimed to know the interests of farmers in the application of balanced fertilization, factors affecting interest and strategies to increase the interest of farmers in the application of fertilization balanced with the urea technology Berlapois humic acid on rice cultivation in the district Rancakalong Sumedang District. Based on the results of the analysis is the influence of several factors that are dependent variables, as for the strategy to be done is improving the role of extension and agricultural extension activities.
Persepsi Petani Terhadap Penerapan Teknologi Konservasi Lahan pada Budidaya Padi di Kecamatan Nagrak Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Destiani  , Kusmiyati  , Tri Ratna Saridewi
Published: February 2022

M produktivitas padi (Oryza sativa L.) sawah  di Kecamatan Nagrak mengalami penurunan.  Salah satu penyebabnya adalah penurunan kualitas lahan akibat kurang positifnya persepsi petani terhadap penerapan teknologi konservasi lahan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persepsi petani terhadap penerapan teknologi konservasi lahan pada budidaya padi sawah, menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi persepsi petani, serta merumuskan strategi penyuluhan agar petani memiliki persepsi positif terhadap penerapan teknologi konservasi lahan.  Metode penelitian adalah analisis deskriptif dan faktorial. Berdasarkan hasil pengkajian pada 60 responden, menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar persepsi petani secara umum adalah netral yaitu penerapan teknologi konservasi lahan memiliki keuntungan terhadap lingkungan namun tidak secara ekonomi dan belum sesuai dengan kebiasaan petani. Faktor-faktor yang secara signifikan berpengaruh terhadap persepsi petani terdiri atas tingkat  pendidikan, peran kelompok tani dan peran penyuluh. Strategi untuk meningkatkan persepsi petani terdiri atas pengoptimalan peran penyuluh dan kelompok tani melalui pelaksanaan penyuluhan mengenai teknologi konservasi lahan di kelompoktani sebagai upaya peningkatan kapasitas petani.

Kata kunci: padi sawah, persepsi petani, teknologi konservasi lahan
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEAKTIFAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI GAME EDUKASI QUIZIZZ DI KONDISI NEW NORMAL KELAS XII IPA SMAN 1 SUNGAI TABUK
Authors: SUMARNI DWI AGOES
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to increase the mathematics learning motivation of the XII IPA grade students of SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk through the Quizizz Educational Media Game learning and to describe the increase in mathematics learning achievement of the XII IPA grade students of SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk. This research uses action research in three cycles at SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The target of this research is class students. The data obtained in the form of student learning outcomes, observation sheets of teaching and learning activities. From the results of the analysis, it was found that the learning activity of students in the New Normal condition of class XII IPA SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk experienced an increase from cycle I to cycle III, namely cycle I (67.7%), cycle II (75%), and cycle III. (87.5%). The conclusion of this research is that the cooperative method of educational game media Quizizz can have a positive effect on the learning achievement motivation of class XII science students at SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk, and this learning model can be used as an alternative for learning mathematics.
ABSTRAKTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas XII IPA SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk melalui pembelajaran Media Game Edukasi Quizizz dan untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan prestasi belajar matematika peserta didik kelas XII IPA SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan (action research) sebanyak tiga siklus di SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, dan refleksi. Sasaran penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas. Data yang diperoleh berupa hasil belajar peserta didik, lembar observasi kegiatan belajar mengajar. Dari hasil analisis didapatkan bahwa keaktifan belajar matematika peserta didik di Kondisi New Normal Kelas XII IPA SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk mengalami peningkatan dari siklus I sampai siklus III, yakni siklus I (67,7%), siklus II (75%), dan siklus III (87,5%). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah metode kooperatif media game edukasi Quizizz dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi prestasi belajar peserta didik kelas XII IPA SMAN 1 Sungai Tabuk, serta model pembelajaran ini dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu alternative pembelajaran matematika.
IMPLEMENTASI TEKNIK TWO STAY TWO STRAY DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: ATMAJA SUPRI
Published: February 2022

This study aims to improve student learning outcomes by applying the Two Stay Two Stray technique in learning Indonesian. This research is a type of classroom action research conducted in class IX A of SMP Negeri 1 Pandak. Data was collected by means of observation sheets, tests, documentation, questionnaires, and interviews. Data on learning outcomes and student participation in learning were analyzed using quantitative descriptive techniques, while data on the implementation of learning were analyzed using qualitative descriptive techniques. The results of the analysis show that student learning outcomes have increased. This can be seen from the increase in student learning outcomes each cycle. The learning outcomes before the classical study completeness study were only 32%, in the first cycle it increased to 60%, and in the second cycle it increased again to 80% with an average increase of 29%. The increase in learning outcomes does not only occur in the cognitive aspect, but also in the affective and psychomotor aspects. In the affective aspect, it is shown by the development of students' cooperative skills, and in the psychomotor aspect, it is indicated by the ability of students to compose presentation materials.
ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dengan menerapkan teknik Two Stay Two Stray pada pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan di kelas IX A SMP Negeri 1 Pandak. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan lembar observasi, tes, dokumentasi, angket, dan wawancara. Data hasil belajar dan partisipasi siswa dalam pembelajaran dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif, sedangkan data pelaksanaan pembelajaran dianalisis menggunakan teknik deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar siswa mengalami peningkatan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari peningkatan hasil belajar siswa setiap siklusnya. Hasil belajar sebelum penelitian ketuntasan belajar klasikal hanya 32%, pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 60%, dan pada siklus II meningkat lagi menjadi 80% dengan rata-rata peningkatan sebesar 29%. Peningkatan hasil belajar tidak hanya terjadi pada aspek kognitif, tetapi juga pada aspek afektif dan psikomotor. Pada aspek afektif ditunjukkan oleh semakin berkembangnya keterampilan kooperatif siswa, dan pada aspek psikomotor ditunjukkan oleh kemampuan siswa menyusun bahan presentasi.
Automated detection of atmospheric NO2 plumes from satellite data: a tool to help infer anthropogenic combustion emissions
Authors: Finch Douglas P. , Palmer Paul I. , Zhang Tianran
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We use a convolutional neural network (CNN) to identify plumes of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), a tracer of combustion, from
NO2 column data collected by the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument
(TROPOMI). This approach allows us to exploit efficiently the growing
volume of satellite data available to characterize Earth’s
climate. For the purposes of demonstration, we focus on data collected
between July 2018 and June 2020. We train the deep learning model
using six thousand 28 × 28 pixel images of TROPOMI data
(corresponding to ≃ 266 km × 133 km) and find that the
model can identify plumes with a success rate of more than 90 %. Over our study period, we find over 310 000 individual NO2 plumes, of which
≃ 19 % are found over mainland China. We have attempted to remove the influence of open biomass burning using correlative high-resolution
thermal infrared data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer
Suite (VIIRS). We relate the remaining NO2 plumes to large urban
centres, oil and gas production, and major power plants. We find no
correlation between NO2 plumes and the location of natural gas
flaring. We also find persistent NO2 plumes from regions where
inventories do not currently include emissions. Using an established
anthropogenic CO2 emission inventory, we find that our NO2 plume
distribution captures 92 % of total CO2 emissions, with the remaining 8 % mostly due to a large number of small sources (< 0.2 g C m−2 d−1)
to which our NO2 plume model is less sensitive. We argue that the underlying
CNN approach could form the basis of a Bayesian framework to estimate
anthropogenic combustion emissions.
Estimation of the natural background of phosphate in a lowland river using tidal marsh sediment cores
Authors: Lauryssen Florian , Crombé Philippe , Maris Tom , Van Maldegem Elliot , Van de Broek Marijn , Temmerman Stijn , Smolders Erik
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Elevated phosphate (PO4) concentrations can harm the
ecological status in water by eutrophication. In the majority of surface
waters in lowland regions such as Flanders (Belgium), the local PO4
levels exceed the limits defined by environmental policy and fail to
decrease, despite decreasing total phosphorus (P) emissions. In order to
underpin the definition of current limits, this study was set up to
identify the pre-industrial background PO4 concentration in surface
water of the Scheldt River, a tidal river in Flanders. We used the
sedimentary records preserved in tidal marsh sediment cores as an archive
for reconstructing historical changes in surface water PO4. For
sediment samples at sequential depths below the sediment surface, we dated
the time of sediment deposition and analysed the extractable sediment P. The
resulting time series of sediment P was linked to the time series of
measured surface water-PO4 concentrations (data 1967–present). By
combining those datasets, the sorption characteristics of the sediment could
be described using a Langmuir-type sorption model. The calibrated sorption
model allowed us to estimate a pre-industrial background surface water
PO4 levels, based on deeper sediment P that stabilized at
concentrations smaller than the modern. In three out of the four cores, the
sediment P peaked around 1980, coinciding with the surface water PO4.
The estimated pre-industrial (∼1800) background
PO4 concentration in the Scheldt River water was 62 [57; 66 (95 % CI)] µg PO4-P L−1. That concentration exceeds the previously
estimated natural background values in Flanders (15–35 µg TP L−1) and is about half of the prevailing limit in the Scheldt River
(120 µg PO4-P L−1). In the 1930s, river water
concentrations were estimated at 140 [128; 148] µg PO4-P L−1, already exceeding the current limit. The method developed here
proved useful for reconstructing historical background PO4
concentrations of a lowland tidal river. A similar approach can apply to
other lowland tidal rivers to provide a scientific basis for local
catchment-specific PO4 backgrounds.
A hydrologist's guide to open science
Authors: Hall Caitlyn A. , Saia Sheila M. , Popp Andrea L. , Dogulu Nilay , Schymanski Stanislaus J. , Drost Niels , van Emmerik Tim , Hut Rolf
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Open, accessible, reusable, and reproducible hydrologic research can have a significant positive impact on the scientific community and broader
society. While more individuals and organizations within the hydrology community are embracing open science practices, technical (e.g., limited coding experience), resource (e.g., open access fees), and social (e.g., fear of weaknesses being exposed or ideas being scooped) challenges remain. Furthermore, there are a growing number of constantly evolving open science tools, resources, and initiatives that can be overwhelming. These challenges and the ever-evolving nature of the open science landscape may seem insurmountable for hydrologists interested in pursuing open science. Therefore, we propose the general “Open Hydrology Principles” to guide individual and community progress toward open science for research and education and the “Open Hydrology Practical Guide” to improve the accessibility of currently available tools and approaches. We aim to inform and empower hydrologists as they transition to open, accessible, reusable, and reproducible research. We discuss the benefits as well as common open science challenges and how hydrologists can overcome them. The Open Hydrology Principles and Open Hydrology Practical Guide reflect our knowledge of the current state of open hydrology; we recognize that recommendations and suggestions will evolve and expand with emerging open science infrastructures, workflows, and research experiences. Therefore, we encourage hydrologists all over the globe to join in and help advance open science by contributing to the living version of this document and by sharing open hydrology resources in the community-supported repository (https://open-hydrology.github.io, last access: 1 February 2022).
Ekspatrianci z Kresów Północno-Wschodnich widziani przez pryzmat sprawozdań starostów powiatowych województwa olsztyńskiego z lat 1946-1948
Authors: Bojarski Piotr
Published: February 2022

W tekście zaprezentowano spojrzenie władz powiatowych województwa olsztyńskiego na ekspatriantów z Kresów Północno-Wschodnich. Zagadnienie zostało opracowane w oparciu o raporty sytuacyjne poszczególnych starostów powiatowych znajdujące się w zasobie Archiwum Państwowego w Olsztynie. Urzędnicy powiatowi obok struktur Państwowego Urzędu Repatriacyjnego byli jednymi z pierwszych przedstawicieli „nowej” Polski, z którymi zetknęli się ekspatrianci. Raporty w wielowątkowy i często szczegółowy sposób przedstawiają wyżej wymienioną grupę społeczną, jej stosunek do władz, poglądy, a także współżycie z innymi osadnikami lub autochtonami. Uzmysławia to czytelnikowi, jak skomplikowana mozaika społeczna zaczęła się tworzyć na Warmii i Mazurach po 1945 roku. Artykuł został uzupełniony o wspomnienia przesiedleńców z Kresów Wschodnich oraz najnowszą literaturę.
Johann Marschalk von Frohburg - the first superior dignitary from modern-day Switzerland in the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order and the brethen from Alsace-Burgundy
Authors: Gotowko Piotr
Published: February 2022

Johann Marschalk von Frohburg (1320/1330-1391) came from Liestal in the far south-western fringes of the Reich, from an insignificant family who was looking after the stable of the Counts of Frohburg. The Teutonic Knights from his region hadn't played any role in Prussia so far. Very few written sources, the supposed dates of birth and the later carriercourses suggest that brother Johann gathered around him brethren of similar Alemannic dialect, in particular Werner von Tettingen and Konrad and Rudolf von Kyburg. At the same time, he began to forge an alliance with another crew from the south-west of the Reich, the Frankish. This cooperation paid off, because in 1387 brother Johann became the Great Trappearius. In May 1390 he was removed from his dignity. His countrymen from Alsace-Burgundy soon regained this office and gave it to the younger Werner. Johann Marschalk von Frohburg, who died in the following year, smoothed the way for other Aleman-speaking brethren in the Teutonic Order.
Issues of distribution of tax powers between different levels of government and administration
Authors: Bakhtadze Lela
Published: February 2022

The solution of the tasks of allocating expenditures between the different levels of government and administration is accompanied by the need to make decisions on the redistribution of tax powers between the levels of state government.
A study of international experience in building a vertical structure of tax authorities shows that there is no prevailing strategy for assigning this or that revenue to certain levels of government.
TRANSFORMABLE SYSTEMS FOR INCREASING EVACUATION PERIOD AND MINIMIZATION OF DAMAGING FACTORS OF FIRES IN ROAD TUNNELS
Authors: Lanchava Omar , Nozadze Giorgi , Jangidze Marad , Sebiskveradze Samson
Published: February 2022

No Abstract
ANALYSIS OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE FIRE MODELED IN A ROAD TUNNEL
Authors: LANCHAVA Omar , ILIAS Nicolae , Mihai RADU Sorin , MAKHARADZE Leon , KUNCHULIA Teimuraz , ARUDASHVILI Nino , KHOKERASHVILI Zaza
Published: February 2022

The essence of the problem lies in the experimental study of the laws governing the changes in the aerodynamics of air flow and the most important ventilation parameters, taking into account the effect of fire. During the experiments, the aerodynamics of the tunnel is complicated by the presence of additional resistance, and the variables will be: the slope of the tunnel, the heat release rate, the cross section of the tunnel, the ratio of the width of the tunnel to the height, the fill factor of the tunnel by transport. The solution to the problem is an improved ventilation technology in case of fires to save lives. The aim of the research is to study the critical velocity, the backlayering length and the gradient-factor using numerical and physical models, as well as mathematical analysis for the downward movement of fresh air, when the fresh air inlet is above the fire level. The scale of the physical models is 1:40 and 1:60. Numerical models are full scale using of modern engineering technique Pyrosim and Fluent. The generalization of the results is carried out using piece-wise constant functions. The obtained results are also be compared with similar results known from scientific literature.
ON THE RESTORATION OF THE PRE-NOSTRATIC LANGUAGE
Authors: Fifia Kukuri
Published: February 2022

The given work addresses the problem of the origin of speech and Pre-Nostratic language, which the linguists regard unsolved to this day.
Here our studies of the following issues are presented:
1. How the early men began to speak and on which basis they gave relevant names to the objects and the phenomena;
2. How did they manage to express their views?
3. What proof and the data of Pre-Nostratic language has been preserved by the Kartvelian language.
We pursue the aim of the reconstruction of the lexis of the Pre-Nostratic language, for which reason it has become necessary to study the basic words consisting of word sounds and harmonious sound complexes proved in the Kartvelian language, in other words consonants and neutral vowel O[ǝ], as well as harmonious sound complexes and a neutral vowel.
The work includes the Pre-Nostratic language vocabulary, as well as the method of restoration of the archetypes of the Pre-Nostratic words through the reconstruction of the Kartvelian words; these archetypes represented the word sounds and sound harmonious complexes prompted by the nature, which, for the expression of certain idea, formed on its part non-grammatical sentences. Here are presented the examples of forming modern words, as a result of uniting the archetypes forming part of the non-grammatical sentences and the following phonetic changes.
Vegetable flavonoid glycosides – an effective lyoprotector
Authors:   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, Chiselita Oleg , Burtseva Svetlana ,   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, Byrsa Maxim ,   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova, Mashcenco Natalia ,   Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

The article presents data on the influence of flavonoid glycosides (FG) of Verbascum phlomoides L. on the viability of Streptomyces canosus CNMN-Ac-02 after lyophilization and long-term storage. As a result of the research, it was found that the addition of FG in concentrations of 0.005, 0.0005, 0.00005%/V to protective medium containing gelatin (2.5%) and glucose (7.5%), ensured a high viability of S. canosus CNMN-Ac-02 strain with 35.03-44.01% more than in control sample, after lyophilization and one year of storage. Rehydration of lyophilized strain after one year of storage using aqueous solutions of FG has shown a higher viability of S. canosus CNMN-Ac-02 strain compared to distilled water.
The Role of Integrated Healthcare Center (Posyandu) Cadres in Increasing Maternal and Child Health during COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Khairunisa Daevi , . Nurhasanah , Susanti Tria
Published: February 2022

Maternal and child health is health that covers all aspects to maintain optimal health status comprehensively in every life cycle. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on maternal and child health services. Rapid environmental changes related to the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak that occurred indirectly caused Integrated Healthcare Center activities to weaken. The role of Integrated Healthcare Center cadres is highly expected in efforts to improve maternal and child health. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of Integrated Healthcare Center Cadres in improving maternal and child health during the Covid-19 pandemic.
The research design used descriptive qualitative. The main informants were Integrated Healthcare Center cadres in the working area of UPTD Community Health Center of Pontianak City. Supporting informants were coordinating midwives, nutrition officers, mothers of toddlers and pregnant women. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and documentation studies.
The results of the study explained the role of cadres in improving maternal and child health including the implementation of Integrated Healthcare Center with the pick-up method and application of health protocols, monitoring of maternal and child health and reporting of Integrated Healthcare Center results through the Integrated Healthcare Center information system.
The conclusion of the study is that the active role of Integrated Healthcare Center cadres in carrying out Integrated Healthcare Center activities during the Covid-19 pandemic by obeying health protocols is expected to be one of the successes in services in the field of maternal and child health.

Keywords: The Role of Cadres, Integrated Healthcare Center, Maternal and Child Health, Covid-19 Pandemic.
Derivatives with respect to horizontal and vertical lifts of the deformed complete lift metric G_{f} on tangent bundle.
Authors: Çayir Haşim , Cakan Akpinar Rabia
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we define the deformed complete lift metric G_{f} on tangent bundle, which is completely determined by its action on vector fields of type X^{H} and ω^{V}. Later, we obtain the covarient and Lie derivatives applied to the deformed complete lift metric G_{f} with respect to the horizontal and vertical lifts of vector fields, respectively.
Some existence results on positive solutions for an iterative second-order boundary-value problem with integral boundary conditions
Authors: Chouaf Safa , Khemis Rabah , Bouakkaz Ahlème
Published: February 2022

The present paper is devoted to study a nonlinear second order differential equation with iterative source term and integral boundary conditions. The utilization of some suitable fixed point theorems ultimately led us to establish some sufficient conditions that guarantee the existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence of positive bounded solutions. The obtained results are illustrated by an example.
MANUAL THERAPY AND OSTEOPATHY - COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors:   Department of Kinesitherapy and University centre of East medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria., Shivachev Yani , Mancheva Paraskeva ,   Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology and University centre of East medicine, Medical University of Varna, Bulgaria.
Published: February 2022

Purpose: to study and analyze the commonalities and differences between manual therapy and osteopathy. Material and methods: a content analysis of bibliographic descriptions and relevant articles on manual techniques and their application in patients with acute and chronic problems; historical method for studying the world practices in manual therapy and osteopathy; a documentary method for the legal regulation of the considered problem is studied in the normative acts, strategic and ethical documents. Results: a review of the literature and regulations reveals the commonalities between OP and MT: both use manual techniques for spinal dysfunction to reduce pain and improve movement in the affected joints but are not recognized as independent professions. The available differences relate mainly to the lack of a legal framework for training and practice in osteopathy and legal regulation of manual therapy as a specific field in the specialty "Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine". Conclusion: The retrospective analysis clearly shows the place and role of manual therapy and osteopathy in the world. Despite the shared roots between MT and OP in Bulgaria, we find many differences in the legislative framework, training and practice. There is still no procedure for separating manual medicine into an independent medical profession in Bulgaria.
شعْر الحَكَم بن قَنْبر المازني (جمع ودراسة وتحقيق)
Authors: عويد عماد
Published: February 2022

يحاول البحث الموسوم بـ( شعْر الحَكَم بن قَنْبر المازني _ جمع ودراسة وتحقيق _ )  لملمة ما تناثر من أشعار الحكم بن قَنْبر في بطون الكتب الأدبية ، والتاريخية ،وضبطها ، وقد استقام على قسمين : يتمثل القسم الأول بالوقوف على أخبار الحكم بن قنبر ودراسة شعره الذي انطبع بطابع مجايليه من الشعراء الظرفاء خاصة في غرض الغزل  ،أما القسم الثاني من البحث فقد خُصص    لجمع ما تشتت من مدونته الشعرية التي تعرضت للمحو والتغييب إثر صراعه مع مسلم بن الوليد ، واستطاع البحث أن يجمع تسعاً وعشرين قطعة ً شعرية ً بمائة وستة وعشرين  بيتا ً  .
مستوى الاجهاد الفكري لدى تدريسيي الجامعة وعلاقته بالنوع والتخصص
Authors: الكعبي كاظم
Published: February 2022

هدف البحث التعرف على مستوى الاجهاد الفكري ، وماهي العلاقة بين النوع والتخصص لدى تدريسي الجامعة ، ولغرض التحقق من ذلك قام الباحث ولغرض تحقيق اهداف البحث الحالي قام الباحث بتبني مقياس الاجهاد الفكري الذي تكون من (44) فقرة ، وبعد التاكد من الخصائص السايكومترية لاداة البحث طبق المقياس على عينة البحث الحالي الذي تم تقسيمها على اساس التخصص (علمي- انساني) والنوع (ذكر- انثى)، وتالفت عينة البحث من(200) تدريسي وتدريسية من مجتمع البحث ، اظهرت النتائج البحث انخفاض مستوى الاجهاد الفكري لدى تدريسيي كلية التربية ، وايضاً اظهرت نتائج البحث عدم وجود فرق دال احصائيا بين التخصص والنوع وهذا يدل ان افراد العينة من تدريسيي كلية التربية يتمتعون بمستوى واحد من الاجهاد الفكري ولافرق بين التخصص العلمي والتخصص الانساني لانهم يمارسون نفس الاعمال سواء في مجال الادارة والتدريس او النصاب التدريس وبناءً على نتائج البحث الحالي تم التوصل الى بعض التوصيات والمقترحات المستقبلية .
Processo de enfermagem em puérpera que vive com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids e evoluiu com quadro de hemorragia pós-parto
Authors: Queiroz Maisa Leitão de , Maia Jéssica Karen de Oliveira , Mendes Raquel Silveira , Aguiar Edglesy Carneiro , Santos Juliana Sampaio , Cunha Morgana Boaventura , Cavalcante Luana Duarte Wanderley , Brasil Raquel Ferreira Gomes , Pereira Livia de Paulo , Santos Vanessa da Frota
Published: February 2022

Introdução: No Brasil, mesmo com os avanços nos serviços de saúde voltados para a saúde materna, a hemorragia continua sendo uma das principais causas de morte no pós- -parto. Objetivo: Relatar o processo de enfermagem aplicado a puérpera com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids. Métodos: Trata-se um estudo descritivo, do tipo estudo de caso, realizado em abril de 2021, em Fortaleza (CE). Utilizou-se o North American Nursing Diagnosis Association para escolha dos diagnósticos de enfermagem e o NIC para delimitação das intervenções de enfermagem. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética, sob número 1.899.089. Resultados: L.B.M., 35 anos, sexo feminino, G2P2CA0, no 4º dia de pós-parto cesáreo por retrovirose e hemorragia pós-parto. Ao exame físico, paciente apresentou sangramento transvaginal aumentado com eliminação de coágulos, útero amolecido e, acima da cicatriz umbilical, encontrava-se hipocorada. Foi aberto protocolo de hemorragia pós-parto, com administração de soro ringer lactato, ácido tranexâmico, metilergometrina e ocitocina de manutenção em bomba de infusão contínua, além de ser realizada sondagem vesical de demora para avaliação do débito urinário. Seguiu em uso de hidróxido de ferro. A partir das informações, levantaram-se os diagnósticos de enfermagem: débito cardíaco diminuído associado com a alteração da pré-carga, pós-carga e alteração no volume sistólico, risco de pressão arterial instável, risco de sangramento associado à complicação pós-parto, risco de infecção relacionado a hemoglobina diminuída e procedimento invasivo. Traçaram-se, as seguintes intervenções: administrar a medicação prescrita, realizar monitoração hemodinâmica e controle hídrico, monitorar sinais vitais, observar sinais de sangramento, palpar fundo uterino, trocar absorventes para avaliar o sangramento transvaginal, identificar sinais de infecção, prestar apoio emocional e reduzir a ansiedade. Conclusão: O processo de enfermagem favorece para uma abordagem mais equânime, o que acaba por contribuir para a realização de ações mais relevantes em cada contexto, favorecendo, assim, o desenvolvimento de uma assistência mais efetiva.