bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RNA sequencing analysis of activated macrophages treated with the anti-HIV ABX464 in intestinal inflammation
Authors: Manchon Laurent , Chebli Karim , Papon Laura , Paul Conception , Garcel Aude , Campos Noëlie , Scherrer Didier , Ehrlich Hartmut , Hahne Michael , Tazi Jamal
Published: October 2017

RNA-Seq enables the generation of extensive transcriptome information providing the capability to characterize transcripts (including alternative isoforms and polymorphism), to quantify expression and to identify differential regulation in a single experiment. To reveal the capacity of new anti-HIV ABX464 candidate in modulating the expression of genes, datasets were generated and validated using RNA-seq approach. This comprehensive dataset will be useful to deepen the comprehensive understanding of the progression of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated with mucosal damage in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and subsequent inflammation, providing an opportunity to generate new therapies, diagnoses, and preventive strategies.
Detection of single nucleotide polymorphism by measuring extension kinetics with T7 exonuclease mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: Cui Miao , Xiao Xianjin , Zhao Meiping , Zheng Bo
Published: October 2017

Kinetics based detection of single nucleotide polymorphism at room temperature with high sensitivity and specificity.
Synthesis of highly fluorescent gold nanoclusters and their use in sensitive analysis of metal ions
Authors: Yang Yayu , Han Ailing , Li Ruixue , Fang Guozhen , Liu Jifeng , Wang Shuo
Published: October 2017

The fluorescence properties, including emission peak and quantum yield, of Au clusters are dependent upon the ligands capping the core.
The influence of covalent immobilization conditions on antibody accessibility on nanoparticles
Authors: Saha Bedabrata , Songe Pål , Evers Toon H. , Prins Menno W. J.
Published: October 2017

Antibody accessibility on the nanoparticle surface depends on the surface density rather than on the coupling conditions.
Correction: Target-induced duplex–triplex transition for ratiometric detection of adenosine triphosphate
Authors: Yao Shujuan , Gao Yanhua , Wang Wen , Ni Donghua , Zhang Kaixian , Li Ling , Du Jianqiang , Cui Xiujuan
Published: October 2017

Correction for ‘Target-induced duplex–triplex transition for ratiometric detection of adenosine triphosphate’ by Shujuan Yao et al., Anal. Methods, 2017, 9, 3244–3248.
Correction: Sisters together: co-sensitization of near-infrared emission of ytterbium(iii) by BODIPY and porphyrin dyes
Authors: He Hongshan , Bosonetta James D. , Wheeler Kraig A. , May Stanley P.
Published: October 2017

Correction for ‘Sisters together: co-sensitization of near-infrared emission of ytterbium(iii) by BODIPY and porphyrin dyes’ by Hongshan He et al., Chem. Commun., 2017, 53, 10120–10123.
DFT study of CO2 conversion on InZr3(110) surface
Authors: Zhang Minhua , Dou Maobin , Yu Yingzhe
Published: October 2017

The InZr3 alloy is a potential candidate catalyst for methanol and methane synthesis from CO2 hydrogenation.
Noncovalent interactions underlying binary mixtures of amino acid based ionic liquids: insights from theory
Authors: Rao Soniya S. , Bartolotti Libero J. , Gejji Shridhar P.
Published: October 2017

Mixtures of ionic liquids formed by blending a common 1-methyl-3-butylimidazolium [Bmim] cation with the dicarboxylic amino acid anionsviz., aspartic acid [Asp], asparagine [Asn], glutamic acid [Glu], and glutamine [Gln], have been investigated by employing dispersion corrected density functional theory.
Pressure induced topological phase transition in layered Bi2S3
Authors: Yang Ming , Luo Yong Zheng , Zeng Ming Gang , Shen Lei , Lu Yun Hao , Zhou Jun , Wang Shi Jie , Sou Iam Keong , Feng Yuan Ping
Published: October 2017

We report pressure induced topological phase transition in the lightest bismuth based chalcogenide binary component and its surface states.
Molecular stacking effect on photoluminescence quantum yield and charge mobility of organic semiconductors
Authors: Fan Jianzhong , Lin Lili , Wang Chuan-Kui
Published: October 2017

The molecular stacking effect on photoluminescence quantum yield and charge mobility is theoretically investigated by the QM/MM method and Monte Carlo simulation, respectively.
Quantum confinement of molecular deuterium clusters in carbon nanotubes: ab initio evidence for hexagonal close packing
Authors: de Lara-Castells María Pilar , Hauser Andreas W. , Mitrushchenkov Alexander O. , Fernández-Perea Ricardo
Published: October 2017

This study shows ab initio evidence for hexagonal close packing of D2 molecules in carbon nanotubes, with a = 3.6 Å and .
Ni supported CdIn2S4 spongy-like spheres: a noble metal free high-performance sunlight driven photocatalyst for hydrogen production
Authors: Vu Manh-Hiep , Nguyen Chinh-Chien , Sakar M. , Do Trong-On
Published: October 2017

We have reported a strategy to develop a high performance photocatalyst based on noble metal free Ni supported CdIn2S4 spongy-like spheres for hydrogen evolution under solar light.
Mechanism and reactivity of catalytic propargylic substitution reactions via metal–allenylidene intermediates: a theoretical perspective
Authors: Sakata Ken , Nishibayashi Yoshiaki
Published: October 2017

The mechanism and reactivity of transition metal-catalyzed propargylic substitution reactions are summarized from a theoretical point of view.
Highly mesoporous SAPO-11 molecular sieves with tunable acidity: facile synthesis, formation mechanism and catalytic performance in hydroisomerization of n-dodecane
Authors: Tao Shuo , Li Xiaolei , Lv Guang , Wang Congxin , Xu Renshun , Ma Huaijun , Tian Zhijian
Published: October 2017

Hierarchical SAPO-11 molecular sieves with tunable acidity fabricated by a facile dry-gel conversion approach show excellent performance in hydroisomerization of n-dodecane.
Filling the oxygen vacancies in Co3O4with phosphorus: an ultra-efficient electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Xiao Zhaohui , Wang Yu , Huang Yu-Cheng , Wei Zengxi , Dong Chung-Li , Ma Jianmin , Shen Shaohua , Li Yafei , Wang Shuangyin
Published: October 2017

It is of essential importance to design an electrocatalyst with excellent performance for both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting.
Capacitive deionization for nutrient recovery from wastewater with disinfection capability
Authors: Ge Zheng , Chen Xi , Huang Xia , Ren Zhiyong Jason
Published: October 2017

This study demonstrates that capacitive deionization can be effectively used for the removal and recovery of dominant nitrogen (ammonium) and phosphorus (phosphate salts) species present in wastewater.
Methyl ketone break-and-rebuild: a strategy for full α-heterofunctionalization of acetophenones
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Binh , Retailleau Pascal
Published: October 2017

The Willgerodt reaction under iron-catalyzed aerobic conditions was found to be an excellent tool for full α-heterofunctionalization of acetophenones with sulfur and amines.
Probing blood cell mechanics of hematologic processes at the single micron level
Authors: Ciciliano Jordan C. , Abbaspour Reza , Woodall Julia , Wu Caroline , Bakir Muhannad S. , Lam Wilbur A.
Published: October 2017

Single-micron PDMS devices provide insight into the biophysical effects that vascular matrices have on platelets, RBCs, and neutrophils.
Development of NMR and thermal shift assays for the evaluation ofMycobacterium tuberculosisisocitrate lyase inhibitors
Authors: Bhusal Ram Prasad , Patel Krunal , Kwai Brooke X. C. , Swartjes Anne , Bashiri Ghader , Reynisson Jóhannes , Sperry Jonathan , Leung Ivanhoe K. H.
Published: October 2017

The enzymes isocitrate lyase (ICL) isoforms 1 and 2 are essential forMycobacterium tuberculosissurvival within macrophages during latent tuberculosis (TB). Herein we report the development of a combined NMR spectroscopy and thermal shift assay for the screening and evaluation of ICL inhibitors.
Enhancing molecular safety and health assessment via index smoothing and prioritisation
Authors: Ten Joon Yoon , Hassim Mimi H. , Promentilla Michael Angelo B. , Tan Raymond R. , Ng Denny K. S. , Chemmangattuvalappil Nishanth G.
Published: October 2017

To enhance the measurement of molecular hazard level in CAMD to design molecules with improved safety, health and product performance.
Monitoring crack appearance and healing in coatings with damage self-reporting nanocapsules
Authors: Hu Minghan , Peil Stefan , Xing Yaowen , Döhler Diana , Caire da Silva Lucas , Binder Wolfgang H. , Kappl Michael , Bannwarth Markus B.
Published: October 2017

A three-component nanocapsule-based system allows monitoring the health cycle of coatings via autonomous visual highlighting of damages and reversible erasing through healing.
Electrocatalytic methanol oxidation with nanoporous gold: microstructure and selectivity
Authors: Graf Matthias , Haensch Mareike , Carstens Jörg , Wittstock Gunther , Weissmüller Jörg
Published: October 2017

Depending on the synthesis conditions nanoporous gold is found to be an active, selective and durable catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation.
Homoepitaxial growth on semiconductor nanocrystals for efficient and stable visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Fang Zheng , Zhou Jiajing , Sun Yimin , Hu Jinhua , Liang Li , Xu Rong , Duan Hongwei
Published: October 2017

Homoepitaxial growth of nanocrystals allows for passivation of trap states without affecting the migration of charge carriers, leading to greatly improved photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Single-walled carbon nanotube thermionic electron emitters with dense, efficient and reproducible electron emission
Authors: Wang Yuwei , Wu Gongtao , Xiang Li , Xiao Mengmeng , Li Zhiwei , Gao Song , Chen Qing , Wei Xianlong
Published: October 2017

Thermionic electron emitters are scaled down to the nanoscale by using a single-walled carbon nanotube as the filament.
Gas molecule sensing of van der Waals tunnel field effect transistors
Authors: Choi Hong Kyw , Park Jaesung , Myoung Nojoon , Kim Ho-Jong , Choi Jin Sik , Choi Young Kyu , Hwang Chi-Young , Kim Jin Tae , Park Serin , Yi Yoonsik , Chang Soo Kyung , Park Hee Chul , Hwang Chanyong , Choi Choon-Gi , Yu Young-Jun
Published: October 2017

Utilizing van der Waals heterostructure gas sensors, we measure the rectification behavior of the sensitivity signal and devise a fingerprint map of the sensitivity variation in a mixture condition of two different gas molecules.
A Cu(ii)-promoted tandem decarboxylative halogenation and oxidative diamination reaction of 2-aminopyridines with alkynoic acids for the synthesis of 2-haloimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines
Authors: Liu Yun , Wang Wenhui , Han Junwen , Sun Jinwei
Published: October 2017

2-Bromo and 2-chloro imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with different 3-aryl or alkyl groups were selectively synthesized.
Synthesis and biological applications of fluoro-modified nucleic acids
Authors: Guo Fengmin , Li Qiang , Zhou Chuanzheng
Published: October 2017

The present review highlights recent progress in the synthesis of fluoro-modified nucleic acids, and their applications in diagnostics, and therapeutics, and as tools for probing the structure and function of nucleic acids by19F NMR and MRI.
Multi-POSS cluster-wrapped polymers and their block copolymers with a PEO bottlebrush polymer: synthesis and aggregation
Authors: Meng Chui-Song , Yan Yu-Kun , Wang Wei
Published: October 2017

In this paper, we report an approach for synthesizing multicluster-wrapped polymers and their block copolymers with a bottlebrush polymer with controlled chain length and composition via living ring-opening metathesis polymerization.
Thermo and pH dual-responsive drug-linked pseudo-polypeptide micelles with a comb-shaped polymer as a micellar exterior
Authors: Chen Weizhi , Su Liling , Zhang Peng , Li Cheng , Zhang Dan , Wu Wei , Jiang Xiqun
Published: October 2017

The thermo and pH dual-responsive drug-linked pseudo-polypeptide micelles were prepared by a self-assembly strategy.
Pyridine-incorporated alcohol-soluble neutral polyfluorene derivatives as efficient cathode-modifying layers for polymer solar cells
Authors: Chen Guiting , Liu Sha , He Zhicai , Wu Hong-Bin , Yang Wei , Zhang Bin , Cao Yong
Published: October 2017

A class of novel alcohol-soluble polyfluorene derivatives with a pyridine group incorporating at the side chains of fluorene is developed to modify the cathode interfaces of both conventional and inverted polymer solar cells.
Effects of CO2 and temperature on the structure and chemistry of C–(A–)S–H investigated by Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Ortaboy Sinem , Li Jiaqi , Geng Guoqing , Myers Rupert J. , Monteiro Paulo J. M. , Maboudian Roya , Carraro Carlo
Published: October 2017

Calcium (alumino)silicate hydrate (C–(A–)S–H) is the critical binding phase in modern Portland cement-based concrete, yet the relationship between its structure and stoichiometry is not completely understood.
Enzymatic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactides and lactone in ionic liquids and organic solvents: digging the controlling factors
Authors: Zhao Hua , Nathaniel Gabrielle A. , Merenini Princess C.
Published: October 2017

Certain organic solvents and ionic liquids could promote the enzymatic ring-opening polymerization of lactide.
Development of a metal-free amine oxidation method utilizing DEAD chemistry
Authors: Wang G. , Piva de Silva G. , Wiebe N. E. , Fehr G. M. , Davis R. L.
Published: October 2017

Development of a metal-free methodology for the efficient and general dehydrogenation of amines, accomplished by employing azodicarboxylate as oxidizing agents.
On the existence of AgM9(VO4)6I (M = Ba, Pb)
Authors: Johnstone E. V. , Bailey D. J. , Stennett M. C. , Heo J. , Hyatt N. C.
Published: October 2017

Attempts to synthesize “AgM9(VO4)6I” (M = Ba, Pb), potential waste form materials for radioiodine, were unsuccessful, demonstrating that AgI incorporation into an iodine-deficient apatite phase is not feasible under the reported conditions.
First graphene oxide promoted metal-free nitrene insertion into olefins in water: towards facile synthesis of activated aziridines
Authors: Shukla Prashant , Mahata Suhasini , Sahu Anjumala , Singh Manorama , Rai Vijai K. , Rai Ankita
Published: October 2017

A facile metal-free graphene oxide (GO)-catalyzed synthesis of tosylaziridines using PhINTs as the nitrene source is reported.
Novel nanofiber yarns synchronously endued with tri-functional performance of superparamagnetism, electrical conductivity and enhanced fluorescence prepared by conjugate electrospinning
Authors: Fan Libing , Ma Qianli , Tian Jiao , Li Dan , Xi Xue , Dong Xiangting , Yu Wensheng , Wang Jinxian , Liu Guixia
Published: October 2017

[Fe3O4/PANI/PAN]//[Eu(BA)3phen/PAN] heterogeneous nanofiber yarns were fabricatedviaelectrospinning, and the yarns synchronously possess trifunctionality of superparamagnetism, electrical conductivity and enhanced fluorescence.
Effect of the BN content on the thermal shock resistance and properties of BN/SiO2 composites fabricated from mechanically alloyed SiBON powders
Authors: Li Quan , Yang Zhihua , Miao Yang , Liang Bin , Cai Delong , Wang Shengjin , Duan Xiaoming , Jia Dechang , Zhou Yu
Published: October 2017

Wave-transparent composites of BN/SiO2 were prepared via hot pressure sintering at 1650 °C of mechanically alloyed amorphous SiBON powders.
Total synthesis and structural revision of a mangrove alkaloid
Authors: Green Michael T. , Peczkowski Gary R. , Al-Ani Aneesa J. , Benjamin Sophie L. , Simpkins Nigel S. , Jones Alan M.
Published: October 2017

We report the photochemical total synthesis and structural revision of an alkaloid isolated from the mangrove fungi Hypocrea virens.
A structural study of Ruddlesden–Popper phases Sr3−xYx(Fe1.25Ni0.75)O7−δ with x ≤ 0.75 by neutron powder diffraction and EXAFS/XANES spectroscopy
Authors: Grins Jekabs , Wardecki Dariusz , Jansson Kjell , Carlson Stefan , Biendicho Jordi J. , Svensson Gunnar
Published: October 2017

Ruddlesden–Popper phases Sr3−xYx(Fe1.25Ni0.75)O7−δ with x ≤ 0.75 have been characterised by neutron powder diffraction and EXAFS/XANES spectroscopy.
Facile room temperature solventless synthesis of high thermoelectric performance Ag2Se via a dissociative adsorption reaction
Authors: Yang Dongwang , Su Xianli , Meng Fanchen , Wang Si , Yan Yonggao , Yang Jihui , He Jian , Zhang Qingjie , Uher Ctirad , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Tang Xinfeng
Published: October 2017

The facile room temperature yet solventless synthesis process, characterized by its simplicity, speed, low energy demand, low cost, opens a new avenue for the preparation of high quality silver chalcogenide samples.
Fossil group origins
Authors: Aguerri J. A. L. , Longobardi A. , Zarattini S. , Kundert A. , D’Onghia E. , Domínguez-Palmero L.
Published: October 2017

Context. It is thought that fossil systems are relics of structure formation in the primitive Universe. They are galaxy aggregations that have assembled their mass at high redshift with few or no subsequent accretion. Observationally these systems are selected by large magnitude gaps between their 1st and 2nd ranked galaxies (Δm12). Nevertheless, there is still debate over whether or not this observational criterium selects dynamically evolved ancient systems.

Aims. We have studied the properties of the nearby fossil group RX J075243.6+455653 in order to understand the mass assembly of this system.

Methods. Deep spectroscopic observations allow us to construct the galaxy luminosity function (LF) of RX J075243.6+455653 down to Mr*+6. The analysis of the faint-end of the LF in groups and clusters provides valuable information about the mass assembly of the system. In addition, we have analyzed the nearby large-scale structure around this group.

Results. We identified 26 group members within r200 ~ 0.96 Mpc. These galaxies are located at Vc = 15551 ± 65 km s-1 and have a velocity dispersion of σc = 333 ± 46 km s-1. The X-ray luminosity of the group is LX = 2.2 × 1043 h70-2 erg s-1, resulting in a mass of M = 4.2 × 1013 h70-1 within 0.5r200. The group has Δm12 = 2.1 within 0.5r200, confirming the fossil nature of this system. RX J075243.6+455653 has a central brightest group galaxy (BGG) with Mr = −22.67, one of the faintest BGGs observed in fossil systems. The LF of the group shows a flat faint-end slope (α = −1.08 ± 0.33). This low density of dwarf galaxies is confirmed by the low value of the dwarf-to-giant ratio (DGR = 0.99 ± 0.49) for this system. Both the lack of dwarf galaxies and the low luminosity of the BGG suggests that RX J075243.6+455653 still has to accrete mass from its nearby environment. This mass accretion will be achieved because it is the dominant structure of a rich environment formed by several groups of galaxies (15) within ~ 7 Mpc from the group center and with ± 1000 km s-1.

Conclusions. RX J075243.6+455653 is a group of galaxies that has not yet completed the process of its mass assembly. This new mass accretion will change the fossil state of the group. This group is an example of a galaxy aggregation selected by a large magnitude gap but still in the process of the accretion of its mass.
On two functionals involving the maximum of the torsion function
Authors: Henrot Antoine , Lucardesi Ilaria , Philippin Gérard
Published: October 2017

In this paper we investigate upper and lower bounds of two shape functionals involving the maximum of the torsion function. More precisely, we considerT(Ω)∕(M(Ω)|Ω|) andM(Ω)λ1(Ω), whereΩis a bounded open set of ℝdwith finite Lebesgue measure |Ω|,M(Ω) denotes the maximum of the torsion function,T(Ω) the torsion, andλ1(Ω) the first Dirichlet eigenvalue. Particular attention is devoted to the subclass of convex sets.
Hybrid improved cuckoo search algorithm and genetic algorithm for solving Markov-modulated demand
Authors: Jamali Gholamreza , Sana Shib Sankar , Moghdani Reza
Published: October 2017

One of the fundamental problems in supply chain management is to design the effective inventory control policies for models with stochastic demands because efficient inventory management can both maintain a high customers’ service level and reduce unnecessary over and under-stock expenses which are significant key factors of profit or loss of an organization. In this study, a new formulation of an inventory system is analyzed under discrete Markov-modulated demand. We employ simulation-based optimization that combines simulated annealing pattern search and ranking selection (SAPS&RS) methods to approximate near-optimal solutions of this problem. After determining the values of demand, we employ novel approach to achieve minimum cost of total SCM (Supply Chain Management) network. In our proposed approach, hybrid improved cuckoo search algorithm (ICS) and genetic algorithm (GA) are presented as main platform to solve this problem. The computational results demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed approach.
An inexact algorithm with proximal distances for variational inequalities
Authors: Papa Quiroz E.A. , Mallma Ramirez L. , Oliveira P.R.
Published: October 2017

In this paper we introduce an inexact proximal point algorithm using proximal distances for solving variational inequality problems when the mapping is pseudomonotone or quasimonotone. Under some natural assumptions we prove that the sequence generated by the algorithm is convergent for the pseudomonotone case and assuming an extra condition on the solution set we prove the convergence for the quasimonotone case. This approach unifies the results obtained by Auslender et al. [Math Oper. Res. 24 (1999) 644–688] and Brito et al. [J. Optim. Theory Appl. 154 (2012) 217–234] and extends the convergence properties for the class of φ-divergence distances and Bregman distances.
Findings from the 2017 Yearbook Section on Health Information Management
Authors: Bloomrosen M. , Berner E. S.
Published: October 2017

Objectives: To summarize the recent literature and research and present a selection of the best papers published in 2016 in the field of Health Information Management (HIM).

Methods: A systematic review of the literature for the IMIA Yearbook HIM section was performed by the two section editors with the help of a medical librarian. We searched bibliographic databases for HIM-related papers were searched using both MeSH headings and key words in titles and abstracts. A shortlist of candidate best papers was first selected by section editors before being peer-reviewed by independent external reviewers.

Results: The five papers selected as ‘Best Papers’ illustrate a variety of themes, include authors from a variety of countries, and were published in some of the best journals in the field. The themes of the five best papers include health information exchange, personal health records, patient engagement, data quality, and e-quality measures.

Conclusions: The discipline of Health Information Management is increasingly becoming allied with the field of Biomedical Informatics in that both disciplines have interests in common. Traditional HIM areas of expertise (in the pre-electronic health record world), such as coding and privacy and security of health information, are necessary for the electronic exchange and secondary use of health information. With the changes in healthcare delivery brought by the use of electronic health records, addressing issues of information governance is essential. This synopsis discusses these key issues at the intersection of HIM and informatics, examines the potential challenges, and points the way for best practices, future research, and public policy considerations and directions.
Present and Future Trends in Consumer Health Informatics and Patient-Generated Health Data
Authors: Lai A. M. , Hsueh P.-Y. S. , Choi Y. K. , Austin R. R.
Published: October 2017

Objectives: Consumer Health Informatics (CHI) and the use of Patient-Generated Health Data (PGHD) are rapidly growing focus areas in healthcare. The objective of this paper is to briefly review the literature that has been published over the past few years and to provide a sense of where the field is going.

Methods: We searched PubMed and the ACM Digital Library for articles published between 2014 and 2016 on the topics of CHI and PGHD. The results of the search were screened for relevance and categorized into a set of common themes. We discuss the major topics covered in these articles.

Results: We retrieved 65 articles from our PubMed query and 32 articles from our ACM Digital Library query. After a review of titles, we were left with 47 articles to conduct our full article survey of the activities in CHI and PGHD. We have summarized these articles and placed them into major categories of activity. Within the domain of consumer health informatics, articles focused on mobile health and patient-generated health data comprise the majority of the articles published in recent years.

Conclusions: Current evidence indicates that technological advancements and the widespread availability of affordable consumer-grade devices are fueling research into using PGHD for better care. As we observe a growing number of (pilot) developments using various mobile health technologies to collect PGHD, major gaps still exist in how to use the data by both patients and providers. Further research is needed to understand the impact of PGHD on clinical outcomes.
Assessing the Structural Footprint of Minimally Invasive Brain Cannulation on Cerebral White Matter: A Cadaveric Model
Authors: Sivakanthan Sananthan , Ochalski Pawel , Schirda Claudiu , Engh Johnathan
Published: October 2017

Background All brain surgery requires some degree of iatrogenic trauma to healthy tissue. Minimally invasive approaches to brain tumors offer the potential of decreasing this trauma compared with conventional approaches. However, there are no validated radiologic models to examine axonal damage after minimally invasive entry into the brain.

Objective To present a cadaveric model of brain cannulation using fractional anisotropy measurements obtained from diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two different methods of access are compared.

Methods Freshly harvested unfixed cadaveric brains were cannulated using both direct and indirect (i.e., dilation followed by cannulation) methods. Specimens were subjected to 68-direction diffusion tensor imaging scans and proton-density imaging. Fractional anisotropy (FA) data from a region of interest surrounding the entry zone was extracted from scans using imaging software and analyzed.

Results FA values were significantly higher following indirect cannulation (less invasive method) than they were following direct cannulation. FA values for undisturbed brain were significantly higher than in either of the cannulated groups, suggesting an inverse relationship between FA values and brain injury.

Conclusion Axonal damage following brain cannulation can potentially be evaluated by FA analysis in a cadaveric model. These data may lead to an MRI-based model of iatrogenic brain injury following tumor surgery. Future studies will focus on histologic analysis and clinical validation in live tissues.
Preliminary Experience with a Novel System of Facet Fixation to Treat Patients with Lumbar Degenerative Disease. A New Perspective in Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery?
Authors: Francaviglia Natale , Costantino Gabriele , Villa Alessandro , Iacopino Domenico , Pappalardo Maria , Barone Fabio , Gallo Cristina , Contino Antonino , Meli Francesco , Maugeri Rosario
Published: October 2017

Purpose We report our experience with a novel surgical device for the treatment of lumbar degenerative microinstability. Facet Wedge (DePuy Synthes, Raynham, Massachusetts, United States) is a novel technique of intra-articular lumbar facet fixation that provides a minimally invasive alternative to standard posterior fixation.

Materials and Methods From November 2014 to July 2015, 38 patients underwent single-level Facet Wedge implantation. The main surgical indications included herniated disk (18 patients), spinal canal and foraminal stenosis (14 patients), and Meyerding grade I degenerative spondylolisthesis (6 patients). All the patients showed radiologic signs of microinstability: hyperintensity in both facet joints (facet fluid signal) in T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and a black disk as a sign of degenerative disease. No slippage was evident at dynamic radiograph. After a period of conservative treatment (minimum of 6 months), surgery was performed. All patients' follow-up lasted over at least 12 months.

Results The low back visual analog scale score decreased significantly after surgery (from an average of 8.2 to 3.1 at final follow-up). Postoperatively, the Oswestry Disability Index showed a significant reduction (14.7 on average). No slippage or signs of adjacent segment degeneration was detected in neuroimaging follow-up.

Conclusion Facet Wedge allows facet fixation in lumbar degenerative microinstability. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical series reported in the literature on this novel device.
Die Bedeutung des intestinalen Mikrobioms beim ischämischen Schlaganfall
Authors: Winek Katarzyna , Dirnagl Ulrich , Meisel Andreas
Published: October 2017

Experimentelle und klinische Studien der letzten Jahre belegen die wichtige Rolle der intestinalen Mikrobiota für die Homöostase des Zentralnervensystems (ZNS), aber auch für die Pathophysiologie von ZNS-Erkrankungen. Dabei spielt u. a. der modifizierende Einfluss der Mikrobiota auf die periphere Immunantwort eine wichtige Rolle, die wiederum einen modulierenden Effekt auf die Neuroinflammation im ZNS haben kann. Hier fassen wir die verfügbaren experimentellen und klinischen Daten zur Bedeutung des Mikrobioms beim Schlaganfall zusammen: 1) Schlaganfall verändert die intestinale Mikrobiota; 2) Mikrobiota kann die Prognose nach Schlaganfall beeinflussen; 3) Mikrobiota spielt eine wichtige Rolle in der Pathogenese von (Risikofaktoren) des Schlaganfalls. Aufgrund der vorliegenden klinischen und experimentellen Ergebnisse stehen für die nächsten Jahre klinisch relevante Entdeckungen zur Bedeutung der Darm-Mikrobiota beim Schlaganfall an.
Acute Management of Anticoagulation-Associated Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Kuramatsu Joji , Gerner Stefan , Huttner Hagen , Schwab Stefan
Published: October 2017

The incidence of anticoagulation-associated intracerebral hemorrhage (OAC-ICH) is increasing along with demographic changes and patients requiring oral anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation. OAC-ICH is one of the most detrimental sub-types of hemorrhagic stroke, characterized by larger hemorrhage volumes, more frequent intraventricular hemorrhage, increased and prolonged hematoma enlargement. The impact of these outcome predictors’ results in greater mortality rates and larger numbers of patients left in functionally dependent states after ICH. Yet, evidence on treatment options for these severely affected patients remains limited, resulting in weak recommendations by international and European guidelines. Minimization of hematoma enlargement constitutes the main focus of acute care, possibly achieved by blood pressure and reversal management. In all OAC-ICH patients irrespective of anticoagulation agent, immediate and aggressive blood pressure reductions as fast as possible targeting systolic blood pressure levels of 140 mmHg (at least within 4–6 h) seems reasonable. Specifically, in vitamin-K-associated ICH, blood pressure reductions have been shown to be associated with reduced rates of hematoma enlargement. Reversal management in OAC-ICH should be carried out as quickly as possible, though accounting for the different anticoagulation agents used. In vitamin-K-associated ICH, recent large-sized multicenter investigations contributed to refining reversal strategies. One German-wide cohort study including roughly 1 200 patients identified for the first time beneficial target values to guide reversal treatment. Anticoagulation reversal should achieve INR values of less than 1.3 or 1.2 at least within 4 h after admission. Agents to be used comprise prothrombin complex concentrates (PCC), which may achieve faster and more complete reversal. This combined approach (blood pressure management and INR-reversal) was associated with significant reductions of hematoma enlargement and lower in-hospital mortality rates. For dabigatran-related bleeding complications, most recently an antidote (Idarucizumab) has been approved, which has been prospectively investigated and showed rapid and almost complete reversal as well as sufficient hemostasis. Currently, bleeding under the influence of factor-Xa inhibitors poses great difficulties because no antidote is available and efficacy of commonly used antagonizing agents, i. e., PCC or fresh-frozen plasma (FFP), has not been proven for clinical use. The main aim of the present review focuses on acute-care management of OAC-ICH and tries to depict treatment options based on the most current data. Moreover, current neurocritical-care therapies for ICH will be reviewed to identify relevant implications specific to OAC-ICH treatment.
Maternal Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage During Pregnancy as an Interdisciplinary Task
Authors: Fritzsche Friederike , Regelsberger Jan , Schmidt Nils , Müller Jakob , Buhk Jan , Diemert Anke , Westphal Manfred , Martens Tobias
Published: October 2017

Maternal aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) during pregnancy presents a challenge regarding treatment and management. Due to the limited number of cases there are no treatment guidelines available. Thus, treatment is usually done on a case-by-case basis. Here we report on four cases of aSAH during pregnancy, describing the different management strategies and suggesting a possible treatment algorithm. Patients treated between 2003 and 2013 in our center were included in this retrospective study. Clinical data focused on time management concerning gestation week (GW), microsurgical or endovascular treatment, and outcome of the patients and the fetuses. Results were compared to the present literature on this issue. Mean age was 30.8 years, initial Hunt & Hess (H&H) grade ranged from III to V. All patients suffered from aSAH during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. In the four cases, two emergency Caesarean sections (CS) were performed. Two aneurysms were occluded by microsurgical clipping and one was treated endovascularly. One patient died before definitive treatment of the aneurysm could be achieved, whereas fetal mortality was 0%. The mean follow-up was 83 months. aSAH during pregnancy needs individualized interdisciplinary management. Efforts must focus on the mother so that a delay in the best available treatment for the pregnant patient is avoided. Therefore treatment modality should be primarily determined by the aneurysm itself. However, timing in terms of delivery of the fetus and aneurysm treatment is a crucial point.
Design of PCB search coils for AC magnetic flux density measurement
Authors: Ulvr Michal
Published: October 2017

This paper presents single-layer, double-layer and ten-layer planar square search coils designed for AC magnetic flux density amplitude measurement up to 1 T in the low frequency range in a 10 mm air gap. The printed-circuit-board (PCB) method was used for producing the search coils. Special attention is given to a full characterization of the PCB search coils including a comparison between the detailed analytical design method and the finite integration technique method (FIT) on the one hand, and experimental results on the other. The results show very good agreement in the resistance, inductance and search coil constant values (the area turns) and also in the frequency dependence of the search coil constant.
Structural determination and population transfer of 4-nitroanisole by broadband microwave spectroscopy and tailored microwave pulses
Authors: Graneek Jack B. , Pérez Cristóbal , Schnell Melanie
Published: October 2017

The rotational spectrum of 4-nitroanisole was recorded via chirped-pulse Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy in the frequency range of 2-8 GHz. The spectra of the parent molecule and all of its 13C-, 15N-, and 18O-monosubstituted species in their natural abundance were assigned, and the molecular structure was determined using Kraitchman’s equations as well as a least-square fitting approach. 4-nitroanisole has a large dipole moment of 6.15 D along the inertial a-axis and a smaller dipole moment of 0.78 D along the b-axis. The large dipole moment component makes this molecule a potential candidate for deceleration experiments using static electric fields or electromagnetic radiation. Using tailored microwave pulses, we investigate the possibility of transferring population between the rotational states of 4-nitroanisole. Such a technique could be applied to selectively increase the population for specific rotational states of interest, which are then accessible for further, more advanced experiments, such as deceleration.
Pure-iron/iron-based-alloy hybrid soft magnetic powder cores compacted at ultra-high pressure
Authors: Saito Tatsuya , Tsuruta Hijiri , Watanabe Asako , Ishimine Tomoyuki , Ueno Tomoyuki
Published: October 2017

We developed Fe/FeSiAl soft magnetic powder cores (SMCs) for realizing the miniaturization and high efficiency of an electromagnetic conversion coil in the high-frequency range (∼20 kHz). We found that Fe/FeSiAl SMCs can be formed with a higher density under higher compaction pressure than pure-iron SMCs. These SMCs delivered a saturation magnetic flux density of 1.7 T and iron loss (W1/20k) of 158 kW/m3. The proposed SMCs exhibited similar excellent characteristics even in block shapes, which are closer to the product shapes.
Mg1-xZnxFe2O4 nanoparticles: Interplay between cation distribution and magnetic properties
Authors: Raghuvanshi S. , Mazaleyrat F. , Kane S. N.
Published: October 2017

Correlation between cationic distribution, magnetic properties of Mg1-xZnxFe2O4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) ferrite is demonstrated, hardly shown in literature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms the formation of cubic spinel nano ferrites with grain diameter between 40.8 to 55.4 nm. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirms close agreement of Mg/Fe, Zn/Fe molar ratio, presence of all elements (Mg, Zn, Fe, O), formation of estimated ferrite composition. Zn addition (for Mg) shows: i) linear increase of lattice parameter aexp, accounted for replacement of an ion with higher ionic radius (Zn > Mg); ii) presence of higher population of Fe3+ ions on B site, and unusual occurrence of Zn, Mg on A and B site leads to non-equilibrium cation distribution where we observe inverse to mixed structure, and is in contrast to reported literature where inverse to normal transition is reported; iii) effect on A-A, A-B, B-B exchange interactions, affecting coercivity Hc, Ms. A new empirical relation is also obtained showing linear relation between saturation magnetization Ms – inversion parameter δ, oxygen parameter u4¯3m. Non-zero Y-K angle (αYK) values implies Y-K type magnetic ordering in the studied samples.
Low-frequency logarithmic discretization of the reservoir spectrum for improving the efficiency of hierarchical equations of motion approach
Authors: Ye LvZhou , Zhang Hou-Dao , Wang Yao , Zheng Xiao , Yan YiJing
Published: October 2017

An efficient low-frequency logarithmic discretization (LFLD) scheme for the decomposition of fermionic reservoir spectrum is proposed for the investigation of quantum impurity systems. The scheme combines the Padé spectrum decomposition (PSD) and a logarithmic discretization of the residual part in which the parameters are determined based on an extension of the recently developed minimum-dissipaton ansatz [J. J. Ding et al., J. Chem. Phys. 145, 204110 (2016)]. A hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) approach is then employed to validate the proposed scheme by examining the static and dynamic system properties in both the Kondo and noninteracting regimes. The LFLD scheme requires a much smaller number of exponential functions than the conventional PSD scheme to reproduce the reservoir correlation function and thus facilitates the efficient implementation of the HEOM approach in extremely low temperature regimes.
Conceptual design of magnetic spectrometer for inverse-Compton X-ray source in MeV region
Authors: Tan Xinjian , Weng Xiufeng , Song Zhaohui , Hei Dongwei , Li Binkang , Zhang Xiaodong , Liu Jun , Han Hetong , Zhang Kan
Published: October 2017

A novel magnetic spectrometer for Inverse-Compton X-ray source is proposed. Compton recoil electrons are generated by a lithium converter, and then confined by a complex collimator and spectrally resolved by a sector-shaped double-focusing magnet. A method of optimization for the converter is investigated, and the dependence of the best energy resolution on converting efficiency is quantitatively revealed. The configuration of the magnet is specially designed to cover a wide range of electron energy and to achieve a large collecting solid angle. The efficiency and relative energy resolution of the designed spectrometer, according to Monte-Carlo simulation using Geant4, are 10-4 e/p and about 5% respectively for 3 MeV photons.
Molybdenum oxide-base phase change resistive switching material
Authors: Ogawa Yukiko , Shindo Satoshi , Sutou Yuji , Koike Junichi
Published: October 2017

We investigated the temperature dependence of electrical resistance of a reactively sputtered Mo-oxide film with a composition near MoO3 and found that the sputtered Mo-oxide film shows a large electrical resistance drop of much more than 104-fold at over 350 °C. Such a large drop in electrical resistance was found to be caused by a phase transition from an amorphous state to a crystalline state. It was confirmed that a W/Mo-oxide/W device shows a typical resistive switching effect of a phase change random access memory material and exhibits reversible resistive switching by the application of unidirectional set and reset voltage. The resistance contrast of the device had a large value of about 105–106. Furthermore, the Mo-oxide film showed much better thermal stability in the amorphous state than conventional phase change materials. These results indicate that the Mo-oxide film is a promising oxide-base phase change material for phase change random access memory.
Synchronizability of nonidentical weakly dissipative systems
Authors: Sendiña-Nadal Irene , Letellier Christophe
Published: October 2017

Synchronization is a very generic process commonly observed in a large variety of dynamical systems which, however, has been rarely addressed in systems with low dissipation. Using the Rössler, the Lorenz 84, and the Sprott A systems as paradigmatic examples of strongly, weakly, and non-dissipative chaotic systems, respectively, we show that a parameter or frequency mismatch between two coupled such systems does not affect the synchronizability and the underlying structure of the joint attractor in the same way. By computing the Shannon entropy associated with the corresponding recurrence plots, we were able to characterize how two coupled nonidentical chaotic oscillators organize their dynamics in different dissipation regimes. While for strongly dissipative systems, the resulting dynamics exhibits a Shannon entropy value compatible with the one having an average parameter mismatch, for weak dissipation synchronization dynamics corresponds to a more complex behavior with higher values of the Shannon entropy. In comparison, conservative dynamics leads to a less rich picture, providing either similar chaotic dynamics or oversimplified periodic ones.
An asymmetric mesoscopic model for single bulges in RNA
Authors: de Oliveira Martins Erik , Weber Gerald
Published: October 2017

Simple one-dimensional DNA or RNA mesoscopic models are of interest for their computational efficiency while retaining the key elements of the molecular interactions. However, they only deal with perfectly formed DNA or RNA double helices and consider the intra-strand interactions to be the same on both strands. This makes it difficult to describe highly asymmetric structures such as bulges and loops and, for instance, prevents the application of mesoscopic models to determine RNA secondary structures. Here we derived the conditions for the Peyrard-Bishop mesoscopic model to overcome these limitations and applied it to the calculation of single bulges, the smallest and simplest of these asymmetric structures. We found that these theoretical conditions can indeed be applied to any situation where stacking asymmetry needs to be considered. The full set of parameters for group I RNA bulges was determined from experimental melting temperatures using an optimization procedure, and we also calculated average opening profiles for several RNA sequences. We found that guanosine bulges show the strongest perturbation on their neighboring base pairs, considerably reducing the on-site interactions of their neighboring base pairs.
Nature conservation and ecological restoration in a changing climate: what are we aiming for?
Authors: Prober Suzanne M. , Williams Kristen J. , Broadhurst Linda M. , Doerr Veronica A. J.
Published: October 2017

Principles underpinning the goals of nature conservation and ecological restoration have traditionally involved preventing ecological change or restoring ecosystems or populations towards preferred historical states. Under global climate change, it is increasingly recognised that this may no longer be achievable, but there has been limited debate regarding new principles that can help guide goal-setting for nature conservation and ecological restoration in dynamic environments. To stimulate such debate, we established a framework of human motivations implicit in historically focussed nature conservation approaches. We drew on this and a literature survey to propose a palette of five principles to guide goal-setting for nature conservation and ecological restoration in a changing climate. Our framework proposes three broad sets of human motivations relevant to nature conservation: (1) basic survival and material needs (akin to provisioning and regulating ecosystem services), (2) psychological and cultural needs such as a sense of place (reflecting cultural ecosystem services), and (3) the need to fulfil moral or ethical obligations (e.g. intergenerational and interspecies equity). Meeting basic needs for current and future generations is supported by a commonly proposed principle to optimise ecological processes and functions (Principle 1); which in turn is dependent on maintaining the ongoing evolutionary potential in the world’s biota (Principle 2). Beyond this, motivations relating to psychological, cultural and moral needs demand not only an emphasis on healthy ecosystem functioning, but on the character and diversity of the ecosystems and species that contribute to these functions. Our subsequent three principles, minimise native species losses (Principle 3), maintain the evolutionary character and biogeographic structuring of the biota (Principle 4), and maintain wild natural ecosystems (Principle 5) contribute to these further goals. Although these principles can sometimes be conflicting, we argue that by connecting directly with underlying motivations, this broader palette will help take us forward towards more effective nature conservation in a rapidly changing world.
Allocating dissipation across a molecular machine cycle to maximize flux
Authors: Brown Aidan I. , Sivak David A.
Published: October 2017

Significance

Cells use molecular machines to complete many tasks. These machines consume free energy to operate, typically by converting a high-concentration chemical into a low-concentration one. Each step of a machine’s operating cycle consumes some free energy, and different allocations of the available free energy among the machine steps lead to different machine speeds. We show that the speed-maximizing allocation is not even, instead depending on the timescales of the various steps. Models fit to experimental molecular machine dynamics often find similarly uneven free energy use. Deviations from the optimal allocation can drastically slow machine operation, suggesting a significant functional advantage to machines with dissipation allocation that is tuned to improve speed.