bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
De werkzaamheden van de Eerste Kamer: een getalsmatige benadering
Authors: Bergman F.J. , Nehmelman R.
Published: December 2021

De werkzaamheden van de Eerste Kamer: een getalsmatige benadering

In de media duikt regelmatig het commentaar op dat de Eerste Kamer zich steeds politieker opstelt en steeds meer op de Tweede Kamer begint te lijken. Dit artikel beoogt te abstraheren van staatrechtelijke analyses van individuele politieke casus en de werkzaamheden van de Eerste Kamer in de voorbije twintig jaar meer cijfermatig en vanuit een vogelvluchtperspectief te bezien. In dat kader zijn tellingen gedaan op het niveau van Senatoren en fracties, van de Kamer en van de Kamercommissies. De gepresenteerde cijfers leveren niet bepaald het beeld op dat zich in deze periode ingrijpende wijzigingen hebben voorgedaan in de werkwijzen en opstelling van Senatoren. Het politieke handwerk laat zich echter moeilijk vatten in statistieken. Idealiter baseren onderzoeken naar een eventueel veranderende rol van de Eerste Kamer zich daarom op kwantitatief én kwalitatief onderzoek.
The performance of tramway service from the users' viewpoint: A comparative analysis between two Moroccan cities
Authors: Zehmed Karim , Jawab Fouad
Published: December 2021

The Moroccan government has recently promoted sustainable public transport projects such as tramway services namely in the two largest cities of country, Casablanca and Rabat-Salé. Since its launch, the tramway service is in-creasingly present in citizens' daily lives in both cities. To maintain its attractiveness, operators and transport authori-ties should examine the performance of tramway service from user’s point of view. That is, an in-depth understanding of how passengers perceive service quality and what make them satisfied. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of tramway service in the two cities based on the opinions of a sample size of 613 and 435 individuals in each city. The outcome of this peer comparison allows to determine the strengths and weaknesses of provided service and identify priorities for improvement in each city. Regarding the methodology, we adopted a two-step approach to achieve our research purpose. The first stage intends to compare users' perceptions regarding Service Quality Attrib-utes (SQAs) and overall satisfaction and to identify any significant differences between the two cities. To this end, we applied, in the first stage, a student t-test of two independent samples. The second stage employs an ordered probit regression model to identify the most important SQA; i.e., which most influence the overall satisfaction, and improve-ments priorities for the current service tramway. The results showed that, in average, passengers found service quality as good and are satisfied with tramway service in both cities. Tram vehicles’ is the best appreciated service attribute in both cities while Comfort in Rabat-Salé and Lines’ connectivity in Casablanca are the least appreciated. Moreover, the service performance of Rabat-Salé tramway exceeds that of Casablanca tramway in terms of service Availability, ser-vice Reliability, Fares level, Tram vehicle, Drivers’ competence, Lines’ connectivity, and overall satisfaction. On the other hand, we found that among top six important attributes, Reliability and Administrators should be prioritized for improvement in Casablanca; and staff, Lines, Comfort, and Administrators in Rabat-Salé. Results showed that im-provements in all these service aspects would increase significantly overall user’s satisfaction.
THE SUBJECTIVITY OF THE WORKING PERSON AND THE LANGUAGE OF LEGAL AND SOCIAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Sobczyk Arkadiusz
Published: December 2021

The subject of the analysis is the phenomenon related to the fact that the socalled Legal language, i.e. the colloquial language used by lawyers to describe legal phenomena, influences the interpretation of law. Moreover, the above impact is often negative for human rights. An example of such a phenomenon is the description of the phenomenon of employment through the prism of such concepts as employment, price for work, labor market or exploitation.
ABOUT SOME PRACTIC PROBLEMS IN LABOUR LAW
Authors: Wypych-Żywicka Alina
Published: December 2021

The rule arising from the Article 154 of the Labour Code applies to a part-time worker. His working time schedule does not justify the annual leave extension. The period of notice begins to run on the day after submitting a notice of termination. In this situation the rule provided in Article 111 of the Civil Code in connection with Article 300 of the Civil Code applies.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DIRECTIVE (EU) 2019/1158 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL OF 20 JUNE 2019 ON WORK-LIFE BALANCE OF PARENTS AND CARERS, REPEALING COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 2010/18/EU ‒ POLISH IMPLEMENTATION
Authors: Musiała Anna
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyse the possible effects of the implementation by the Polish legislator of the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council (EU) 2019/1158 of 20 June 2019 on work-life balance of parents and carers, repealing Council Directive 2010/18 / EU. In accordance with the provisions of the recitals of the Directive, its aim is to improve the functioning of States in the field of equal opportunities on the labour market and the treatment of women and men at work because of their family and carer responsibilities. The Directive responds to the needs related to demographic
changes also affecting Poland, the necessity to deepen the functioning of the principle of gender equality resulting from legal acts adopted for the community, the needs related to the professional activation of women and the fight against exclusion caused by guardianship of minors. The Directive addresses issues that are to be understood as social norms and these are mainly issues related to the concern for the sustainable development of all children and for guaranteeing stable conditions to parents and carers whose work also helps support their children.
COUNTERACTING PAY DISCRIMINATION – A FEW REMARKS ON THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT TO ART. 943 § 2 OF THE LABOUR CODE AND ON THE PROPOSED DIRECTIVE OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL TO STRENGTHEN
THE APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUAL PAY FOR EQUAL WORK OR WORK OF EQUAL VALUE BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN THROUGH PAY TRANSPARENCY AND ENFORCEMENT MECHANISMS
Authors: Gredka-Ligarska Iwona
Published: December 2021

In July 2020, a Parliamentary draft bill was brought before the Polish Sejm amending the Act – Civil Code (print no. 463). Currently, the legislative process concerning that draft is underway. The draft proposes to expand the definition of mobbing – as specified in Art. 943 § 2 of the Labour Code – by adding a provision under which mobbing would also consist in persistent and long-term differentiating the level of pay on grounds of an employee’s sex. The intention of the authors is to strengthen the legal instruments guaranteeing respect for the principle of equal rights for women with regard to pay for equal work or work of equal value. At the same time, in March 2021 – at the EU level – a legislative procedure was initiated in respect
of the Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council to strengthen the application of the principle of equal pay for equal work or work of equal value between men and women through pay transparency and enforcement mechanisms. This article discusses the legal solutions expressed in the draft amendment to Art. 943 § 2 of the Labour Code and in the proposed
Equal Pay Directive. The article is an attempt to answer the question if the introduction of the proposed regimes will eliminate or at least reduce pay discrimination on grounds of sex.
Przygotowanie PSP do działań w sytuacji zagrożenia niebezpiecznym czynnikiem biologicznym w kontekście pandemii COVID -19
Authors: Bugaj Grzegorz
Published: December 2021

Celem badań jest określenie założeń organizacyjnych i prawnych przygotowania
Państwowej Straży Pożarnej do działań w sytuacji zagrożenia niebezpiecznym
czynnikiem biologicznym w kontekście pandemii COVID-19. Przeprowadzono
badania literaturowe obejmujące najważniejsze akty prawne i dokumenty branżowe,
które regulują zasady reagowania krajowego systemu ratowniczo-gaśniczego na
zagrożenia biologiczne. Uwidoczniono tym samym, że przygotowanie Państwowej
Straży Pożarnej odbywa się na zasadach strategii adaptacyjnej, a wyraża się poprzez
dostosowywanie się do wyzwań, jakie niosą ze sobą współczesne uwarunkowania
bezpieczeństwa epidemicznego w Polsce i na świecie.
Diagnoza potrzeb w zakresie usprawnienia technologii i sprzętu służącego reagowaniu na incydenty o charakterze CBRN .
Zarys problemu z perspektywy europejskich straży pożarnych
Authors: Szklarski Łukasz
Published: December 2021

Zagadnienie ochrony przed czynnikami CBRN wpisuje się bezpośrednio w przedmiot
badań realizowanych w naukach o bezpieczeństwie. Skrót CBRN oznacza Chemiczne,
Biologiczne, Radiologiczne i Nuklearne zagrożenia zarówno w kontekście
wypadków przemysłowych, jak i broni [1]. W kwestii sytuacji kryzysowych system
bezpieczeństwa narodowego RP i właściwe mu systemy operacyjne nie ma zadań
ważniejszych niż ochrona ludności przed wydarzeniami stanowiącymi zagrożenie
dla zdrowia i życia oraz środowiska i eliminowanie ich następstw.
Poprzez pryzmat unikalnych badań prowadzonych w praktyce autora, a także
realizacje badań na zlecenie Komisji Europejskiej autor zebrał wystarczającą ilość
materiału badawczego. Artykuł ten uwzględnia przegląd obecnego rynku CBRN
i propozycje rozwijania technologii potrzebnych do usprawnienia pracy służb
pożarniczych. Doświadczenie to uwzględnia współpracę z uczelniami w kraju
i obszarze Unii Europejskiej, jednocześnie obejmując spotkania z użytkownikami technologii, dziesiątki rozmów, konferencji, wywiadów i warsztatów [2]. Przedmiotem
zainteresowania autora jest także przekazanie unikalnej wiedzy zebranej
jako koordynator projektu na potrzeby rozwoju dorobku nauk o bezpieczeństwie.
Badania czynników prowadzących do sytuacji kryzysowych przekłada się bezpośrednio
na wyznaczanie standardów rozwijanych technologii i w efekcie zwiększanie
skuteczności i bezpieczeństwa prowadzonych działań, zarówno prewencyjnych, jak
i reagowania [3]. W obliczu rosnących obaw związanych nie tylko z wypadkami
przemysłowymi, ale również tak priorytetowych kwestii jak ochrona ludności przed
bronią masowego rażenia należy bardziej niż kiedykolwiek pamiętać o udziale
pracy teoretycznej w dogłębnym zrozumieniu omawianych zagadnień i tego, w jaki
sposób przekładają się one na praktykę.
Populism in Moldova’s Informal Political System
Authors: Moisé Gian Marco
Published: December 2021

The 2020 presidential and 2021 parliamentary elections in the Republic of Moldova saw a clear victory of the populist Party of Action and Solidarity (PAS) of the newly elected president Maia Sandu over the pro-Russian coalition led by former presidents Igor Dodon and Vladimir Voronin. These results testify the citizens’ will to change a country with an ever-widening gap between politicians and populace. Since 2015, the political debate is centred on corruption, but the cases described draw the picture of a political landscape where practices go beyond the traditional understanding of the term. In fact, their analysis demonstrates the existence of a system of Soviet political culture which relies on informal practices of the elite, arguing that some of these practices have clear Soviet roots while others are an adaptation of the Soviet mentality to the new liberal democratic setting. The paper also highlights differences between the populist parties born either as a reaction to the system or as an adaptation of the elite response to perceived expectations of the electorate. This research took place between 2020 and 2021 utilising participant observation and semi-structured interviews with Moldovan political experts. The paper concludes that future research on Moldovan politics should incorporate analysis of this informal dimension to state politics which is core to public debate on corruption and the integrity of state institutions in Moldova.
A Multi-Disciplinary Undergraduate Pedagogical Experience Looking at Attitudes Towards Solar Development in the Mojave Desert
Authors: Moore Bernstein Jennifer , Audras Cameron , Dalisay Charmaine , Swift Jennifer
Published: December 2021

This research project aimed to integrate geography, spatial analysis, environmental studies, and social psychology to understand conflicts over solar development in the Mojave Desert region. A second objective was to empower the participating undergraduate student researchers with a deep-learning experience using multidisciplinary tools. This project ran from 2019 to 2021 under the Undergraduate Research Associates Program (URAP) at the University of Southern California. The students conducted site suitability analysis, survey research, interviews, and field studies. Results combined spatial analysis, attitudinal surveys, mapping, and detailed accounts of the students’ learning experiences. An important conclusion of this project was the discovery of a discrepancy between broad support for solar development at the state and national level, and a suspicion at the local level The student researchers went on to present multiple conferences and receive awards, and based on this project, both decided to attend graduate school in environmental studies and sciences. Recommendations for further research include interpolation of attitudes toward solar development, conducting a demographically representative survey, and participatory mapping. This approach can serve as a pedagogical strategy for other institutions, as students are increasingly eager to address environmental problem solving from the perspective of both the natural and social sciences.
Sequencing the ‘Dairy Mind’ Using Mind Genomics to Create an “MRI of Consumer Decisions”
Authors: Davidov Sophia , al Humaidan Mashael , Gere Attila , Cooper Toby , Moskowitz Howard
Published: December 2021

We present the research methodology that generates an integrated database of the mind of a dairy consumer, regarding nine different dairy products. The set of studies deals with a variety of end products, presenting alternative messages about each product. Respondents rate combinations of messages, that is, vignettes, which are created using an advanced form of conjoint analysis. OLS (ordinary least-squares) regression is used to deconstruct the ratings at the level of the individual respondents, producing a coefficient value for each message that was tested. Cluster analyses revealed three distinct mind-sets around dairy products: a strong focus on flavor, a strong focus on health, and a strong focus on price. This chapter demonstrates how the science of Mind Genomics is further applied through a typing tool, known as PVI (personal viewpoint identifier). The PVI is able to identify the mind-set of any individual that provides a binary response to six short questions. The chapter concludes with a vision for the future of the Mind Genomics research methodology in the fields of science and business.
Perspective Chapter: Composites Manufactured by Stereolithography
Authors: Simpson Patrick , Holthaus Michael , Gibbon Luke , Ulven Chad
Published: December 2021

Stereolithography (SLA) is a widely utilized rapid additive manufacturing process for prototypes and proof-of-concept models with high resolution. In order to create structurally sound components using SLA, reinforcement needs to be incorporated in the UV-based resins typically used. However, the introduction of reinforcement into vat-based SLA printers has had limited success due to a host of processing challenges including the creation of a homogeneous resin mixture and UV-inhibiting constituents. The effectiveness of using a dual curing system, consisting of a photo and thermal initiator, for the additive manufacturing of carbon fiber short-fiber composites via vat photopolymerization, was investigated. The necessary processing parameters were developed that resulted in successful printing and curing of composites at a 5% fiber volume. Manufacturing with reinforcements that have different densities from the resin creates separation issues, either suspending to the top or settling to the bottom. Following the approaches discussed in this chapter, an even distribution of short fibers was achieved throughout SLA printed samples using a modified commercial printer. Separation was overcome by inducing a continuous flow of reinforced liquid resin in the printer vat during printing. This flow field adaptation allows commercial SLA printers the ability to produce composite parts with different densities of the constituents utilized.
Plasma Metal Deposition for Metallic Materials
Authors: Ariza Galván Enrique , Montealegre Meléndez Isabel , Arévalo Mora Cristina , María Pérez Soriano Eva , Neubauer Erich , Kitzmantel Michael
Published: December 2021

Plasma metal deposition (PMD®) is a promising and economical direct energy deposition technique for metal additive manufacturing based on plasma as an energy source. This process allows the use of powder, wire, or both combined as feedstock material to create near-net-shape large size components (i.e., >1 m) with high-deposition rates (i.e., 10 kg/h). Among the already PMD® processed materials stand out high-temperature resistance nickel-based alloys, diverse steels and stainless steels commonly used in the industry, titanium alloys for the aerospace field, and lightweight alloys. Furthermore, the use of powder as feedstock also allows to produce metal matrix composites reinforced with a wide range of materials. This chapter presents the characteristics of the PMD® technology, the welding parameters affecting additive manufacturing, examples of different fabricated materials, as well as the challenges and developments of the rising PMD® technology.
Investigation of Hypersonic Conic Flows Generated by Magnetoplasma Light-Gas Gun Equipped with Laval Nozzle
Authors: P. Khramtsov Pavel
Published: December 2021

This chapter introduces new approach of hypersonic flow generation and experimental study of hypersonic flows over cones with half- angles τ1 = 3◦ and τ2 = 12◦. Mach number of the of the incident flow was M1 = 18. Visualization of the flow structure was made by the schlieren method. Straight Foucault knife was located in the focal plane of the receiving part of a shadow device. Registration of shadow patterns was carried out using high- speed camera Photron Fastcam (300 000 fps) with an exposure time of 1 μs. The Mach number on the cone was calculated from inclination angle of shock wave in the shadowgraph.
Isthmusectomy for well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma located to the isthmus: A report of two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Olmos Borzone Roberto Ignacio , López Ruiz-Esquide Jorge Andrés , Domínguez Covarrubias Francisco , Domínguez Ruiz-Tagle José Miguel
Published: December 2021

Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, and due to its favorable prognosis, the extent of surgery has been a matter of debate. About 10% of these tumors are located in the thyroid isthmus, with no specific management in current guidelines. In the last decades, isthmusectomy has been proposed as a therapeutic option for isthmic papillary thyroid carcinoma, although there is no consensus on its management. We present two cases of patients from our institution with solitary isthmic papillary thyroid carcinoma without clinical macroscopic extrathyroidal extension or clinical-radiological lymph node involvement who were treated with isthmusectomy without prophylactic lymph node dissection. Neither of them had any postoperative complications. Both had an intermediate risk of recurrence due to aggressive variants. None of them had signs of recurrence during follow-up. We intend to show that isthmusectomy seems to be an effective and safe surgical alternative in selected patients through these cases.
The effect of electrostatic field on soybean seed germination parameters
Authors: Mamlić Zlatica , Dozet Gordana , Mamlić Goran , Vasiljević Sanja , Đukić Vojin , Katanski Snežana , Bajagić Marija
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to examine the influence of electrostatic fields on seed vigor (VI), mean rate of germination (MGR) and coefficient of velocity of germination (CVG) of five soybean genotypes. Testing was conducted at the Novi Sad Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops on the seeds of five soybean varieties: Sava, NS 2024, NS 1347, NS 3127, and NS Blackstar. The seeds were exposed to different voltages of direct current (DC): 0 V (control), 3 V, 6 V and 9 V, to which the seeds were exposed for 0 min (control), 1 min and 3 min. The application of DC can be a suitable method for improving VI, MGR and CVG. In addition, the results indicate that it is necessary to adjust the DC treatment (voltage and duration of exposure of seeds) to a particular genotype, since inadequate treatments may deteriorate the quality of seeds.
Una aproximación lingüística a los valores sociales en la tecnociencia: una metodología de anotación de corpus
Authors: Ramírez del Pozo Martín José Manuel
Published: December 2021

Este artículo presenta un análisis de los sistemas de valoración y del modelo contextual en un corpus constituido por un texto tecnocientífico de Ramón y Cajal. Nuestra hipótesis es la existencia de valores sociales que monitorizan el uso de los sistemas de valoración lingüística en el discurso tecnocientífico. Hemos desarrollado una metodología mixta cuantitativa-cualitativa que intenta integrar la Teoría de la Valoración y el Análisis Crítico del Discurso. Los datos obtenidos nos han permitido aceptar la hipótesis, mientras que el modelo contextual propuesto y sus valores sociales tienen a su vez un carácter hipotético.
Reseña de Bridge/Zubia. Imágenes de la relación cultural entre el País Vasco y Estados Unidos, de Jon Kortazar (ed.)
Authors: Alava Carrascal Maria Eugenia
Published: December 2021

Reseña de:
Jon Kortazar, ed. Bridge/Zubia. Imágenes de la relación cultural entre el País Vasco y Estados Unidos, Madrid/Frankfurt, Iberoamericana Vervuert, (colección “La Casa de la Riqueza. Estudios de la cultura de España”), 2020, ISBN: 978-84-9192-074-8, 410 pp.
Aracoeli con los cinco sentidos. La vista. Actualidad de Elsa Morante
Authors: De Miguel Canuto Juan Carlos
Published: December 2021

Tras recordar algunas de las coordenadas principales de la escritora y, sobre todo, de su novela Aracoeli (1982), se focaliza en el texto un desbordamiento de la realidad directamente relacionado con una alteración perceptiva del narrador-protagonista y también con la deformación de sus recuerdos. Dentro del ámbito sensorial se hace particular hincapié en la vista como médula de tal torsión. Establecer la no fiabilidad del narrador conduce a interrogarse sobre la función del dolor dentro de la obra que, en última instancia, rescata la plena vigencia de Elsa Morante hoy.
Bronchoesophageal fistula in a patient with Crohn’s disease receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy
Authors: Oh Kyunghwan , Choi Kee Don , Kim Hyeong Ryul , Shim Tae Sun , Ye Byong Duk , Yang Suk-Kyun , Park Sang Hyoung
Published: December 2021

Tuberculosis is an adverse event in patients with Crohn’s disease receiving anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. However, tuberculosis presenting as a bronchoesophageal fistula (BEF) is rare. We report a case of tuberculosis and BEF in a patient with Crohn’s disease who received anti-TNF therapy. A 33-year-old Korean woman developed fever and cough 2 months after initiation of anti-TNF therapy. And the symptoms persisted for 1 months, so she visited the emergency room. Chest computed tomography was performed upon visiting the emergency room, which showed BEF with aspiration pneumonia. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy and endobronchial ultrasound with transbronchial needle aspiration confirmed that the cause of BEF was tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis medications were administered, and esophageal stent insertion through endoscopy was performed to manage the BEF. However, the patient’s condition did not improve; therefore, fistulectomy with primary closure was performed. After fistulectomy, the anastomosis site healing was delayed due to severe inflammation, a second esophageal stent and gastrostomy tube were inserted. Nine months after the diagnosis, the fistula disappeared without recurrence, and the esophageal stent and gastrostomy tube were removed.
Hybrids of Solanum corymbiflorum and S. diploconos (Solanaceae) – a hope for new commercial varieties of edible fruits
Authors: Szymański Wojciech Maksymilian , Ziółkowska Iwona
Published: December 2021

Solanum diploconos (Mart.) Bohs („guava tamarillo”) and Solanum corymbiflorum (Sendtn.) Bohs („hardy tamarillo”) are wild relatives to subtropical, orchard, small tree – Solanum betaceum Cav. (called simply „tamarillo”). Both these species create edible fruits, but they have not been cultivated widely so far as fruit trees. However, each one of these species has valuable features. Solanum corymbiflorum is quite hardy to frost, deciduous and early blooming both in fenological year time as well as in its lifespan but has untasty fruits. Solanum diploconos has quite good tasting fruits and it is pest and disease resistant. This work has been an attempt to connect their best features in hybrids to create new, potentially commercial cultivars to grow as fruit plants. Three types of hybrids were created: F1 hybrid type – Solanum corymbiflorum × Solanum diploconos, BC1 backrossing type - (Solanum corymbiflorum × Solanum diploconos) × Solanum corymbiflorum and the second BC1 backcrossing type – (Solanum corymbiflorum × Solanum diploconos) × Solanum diploconos. Out of the numerous variable individuals within each type, we selected three very valuable from an agronomic point of view cultivars (Solanum 'Lynn', 'Pinczow Springs' and 'Iwona'). The work with crossing and selecting the next cultivars will be continued.
Fins que es podreixi el fang. Complexos terrissers d’època ibèrica a l’àrea catalana
Authors: Cardona Colell Ramon
Published: December 2021

El canvi de tendència en els estudis sobre ceràmica i l’interès creixent per les estructures de producció i la cadena operativa del procés ceràmic, ens porta a abordar també l’estudi dels complexos terrissers d’època ibèrica. Es presenten i analitzen en una zona acotada d’estudi, Catalunya, tots els tallers i forns ceràmics ibèrics coneguts. La manca d’estudis i dades fa que no puguem comptar amb un llistat de qualitat, tot i l’embranzida d'estudis els darrers anys, sobretot a la zona de l’Alt Penedès. L’anàlisi de les dades existents ens dibuixa un mapa desigual i incomplet pel que fa als centres productors, atès l’ús generalitzat de la ceràmica a tota la zona d’ implantació de la cultura ibèrica des del segle VI aC fins al s. I aC. Altres raons, tal vegada internes del mon ibèric, poden ajudar a explicar l’acumulació dels centres productius a la Cessetània, Laietània i Indigècia.
Nuevos datos para la caracterización material de la transición Bronce Final-Hierro I y Hierro I en Alarcos (Poblete, Ciudad Real)
Authors: Miguel Naranjo Pedro
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se estudian de forma exhaustiva los materiales arqueológicos exhumados en los niveles del Bronce Final-Hierro I y Hierro I en el Sector III de Alarcos (Poblete-Ciudad Real, Ciudad Real) durante la campaña de 2017, un conjunto fundamentalmente cerámico que ofrece una importante información para la caracterización material de estas fases culturales en el Alto Guadiana. Las características de los materiales permiten plantear la inclusión de Alarcos en la órbita de influencia de la cultura tartésica que durante este periodo estaba experimentando un importante desarrollo cultural.
Casas de Don Pedro (Belmez, Córdoba): Menhires y cronología
Authors: Gavilán Ceballos Beatriz , Mas Cornellà Martí
Published: December 2021

Ofrecemos los resultados de una datación sobre una muestra de carbón procedente de un hogar asociado a dos menhires que forman parte de la cabecera del Dolmen de las Casas de Don Pedro. La fecha obtenida permite defender que los menhires debieron erigirse a comienzos del IV milenio y que el simbolismo que encarnan estaba en un punto álgido.
John Locke e a ideia de cidadania: engajamento individual, participação pública
Authors: Dos Santos Antonio Carlos
Published: December 2021

O objetivo deste texto é analisar o conceito de cidadania em Locke no “Segundo tratado sobre o governo” (1690). Nossa abordagem se guia pela associação entre liberdade e ação política dos indivíduos na cena política, mesmo em um autor tido por ser “pai do liberalismo”. Visando a fornecer maior inteireza ao texto, ele é composto de duas partes. Na primeira, será desenvolvida a singularidade do republicanismo inglês em relação a outras tradições, e nela, como o conceito de cidadania se apresenta. Na segunda parte, pretendemos analisar o conceito de cidadania em Locke, sempre no “Segundo tratado sobre o governo”, tendo algumas questões como fio condutor: Em que medida podemos destacar os traços republicanos em seu pensamento político? Como pensar o bem comum quando a vida individual está ameaçada?
SPECIFIČNOSTI U PROCESU OBRAZOVANJA MALOLETNIH DELINKVENATA
Authors: Maljković Marija
Published: December 2021

Apstrakt: Prvobitna istraživanja u oblasti maloletničke delinkvencije i kriminala ukazala su na značajnu povezanost između problema u školovanju i maloletničke delinkvencije. Veliki broj delinkvenata imao višestruke probleme tokom školovanja ili nije pohađao nastavu. Istraživanja sprovedena u ustanovama za institucionalni tretman maloletnih delinkvenata ukazuju na postojanje specifičnosti u toku procesa obrazovanja i to na dva nivoa. Prvi nivo odnosi se na karakteristike njihovog obrazovnog profila, izražene kroz obrazovni nivo, obrazovne aspiracije i specifične probleme u učenju. Drugi se odnosi na njihov obrazovni status, odnosno uključenost ili neuključenost u obrazovni proces. Cilj ovog rada je sagledavanje specifičnih karakteristika i problema u toku školovanja maloletnih delinkvenata. Analiza podataka izvršena je korišćenjem multivarijantne analize varijanse, korelacione analize, kao i analizom pravosudne statistike o registrovanom kriminalitetu maloletnika u Republici Srbiji u periodu od 2012-2019. godine. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju da je kod maloletnih delinkvenata jasno izraženo zaostajanje u procesu osnovnog obrazovanja, tzv. obrazovni deficit, da su njihove obrazovne aspiracije i motivacija na nižem nivou, kao i da imaju niz specifičnih obrazovnih problema u odnosu da nedelinkventne vršnjake. Dalje, oko 40% maloletnika (od 38,8% 2012. do 41,6% 2019.) u trenutku izvršenja krivičnog dela i oko 41,5% (od 47,3% 2012. do 35,5% 2019. godine) maloletnika u trenutku izricanja presude nije bilo uključeno u obrazovni sistem ili te informacije nisu bile poznate. Takođe, uočava se da iako broj maloletnika kojima je izrečena krivična sankcija, posebno u tri poslednje posmatrane godine (2017, 2018 i 2019.) opada, istovremeno se beleži porast broja maloletnika koji su van obrazovnog procesa. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja, nameće se zaključak da bi trebalo uložiti napor svih aktera od interesa (od škole, preko porodice, do pravosuđa) kako ne bi došlo do prekida školovanja odnosno isključivanja maloletnika iz obrazovnog sistema.
AUTONOMIJA ODGOJITELJA I RAZVOJ PARTNERSKIH ODNOSA S RODITELJIMA
Authors: Mandarić Vukušić Anita , Periš Josipa
Published: December 2021

Autonomija odgojitelja je temeljno polazište za razvoj njegovih profesionalnih kompetencija. Utemeljena je na znanju, a razvija se preuzimanjem inicijative za istraživanje i unaprjeđivanje odgojnoobrazovnog procesa. Ona se može ostvariti samo u uvjetima u kojima odgojitelj ima potporu ustanove u svom profesionalnom usavršavanju i izboru tema usavršavanja te mogućnost izbora načina na koji će provoditi aktivnosti u svojoj grupi. U uvjetima u kojima odgojitelj ima odgovornost samostalno donositi profesionalne odluke, moći će prilagoditi odgojno-obrazovni proces potrebama djeteta i u taj proces uključiti sve dionike koji pridonose djetetovom cjelovitom razvoju - posebno njegove roditelje. Izgradnjom kvalitetnih partnerskih odnosa s roditeljima, svi ostvaruju dobrobit: djeca ostvaruju veća razvojna postignuća, roditelji imaju podršku u razvoju roditeljskih kompetencija, a odgojitelji priliku putem povratnih informacija roditelja i djece razvijati svoje profesionalne kompetencije. S ciljem utvrđivanja ostvarenja autonomije odgojitelja i procjene partnerskih odnosa s roditeljima provedeno je anketno ispitivanje u kojem je sudjelovalo 110 odgojitelja. Dobiveni rezultati ukazuju na postojanje profesionalne autonomije u izboru broja i tema stručnog usavršavanja. Odgojitelji koji se stručno usavršavaju i aktivno sudjeluju u radionicama te razmjenjuju znanja i iskustva, kritički razmišljaju o partnerskom odnosu s roditeljima te promišljaju o tome kako taj odnos učiniti kvalitetnijim. Moguće je zaključiti da su autonomija i profesionalni razvoj odgojitelja važni čimbenici u stvaranju partnerskih odnosa s roditeljima.
UTICAJ IGRE I GEJMIFIKACIJE NA UNAPREĐENJE KVALITETA ŽIVOTA STUDENATA
Authors: Slijepčević Dušanka , Košarac Biserka
Published: December 2021

Naučni cilj rada je deskripcija, funkcionalističko i kauzalno objašnjenje značaja igre i učenja kroz igru (gejmifikacije) za kvalitet života studenata u Republici Srpskoj, prvom polovinom 21. vijeka. Problem istraživanja se ogleda u nedovoljnoj istraženosti znanja i stavova studenata u Republici Srpskoj, kao glavnih konzumenata usluga visokog obrazovanja, o značaju igre i učenja kroz igru (gejmifikacije) za unapređenje kvaliteta života pojedinaca i društvenih grupa u društvu. Predmet istraživanja su znanje i stavovi o značaju igre i učenja kroz igru (gejmifikacije) za kvalitet života studenata društvenih i humanističkih nauka dva javna univerziteta u Republici Srpskoj – Univerziteta u Banjoj Luci i Univerziteta u Istočnom Sarajevu, prvom polovinom 21. vijeka, iz perspektive (užih) naučnih oblasti Teorijske sociologije, Metodologije i Posebne sociologije. Za potrebe produbljivanja saznanja o značaju igre i učenja kroz igru (gejmifikacije), postavlja se hipotetički okvir: 1) Igra u učenju doprinosi povećanju stepena slobodnog mišljenja i djelanja studenata iz Republike Srpske, prvom polovinom 21. vijeka. (glavna hipoteza); 2) E-učenje kroz igru omogućuje eksperimentalni razvoj za dobrobit pojedinaca i društva. (pomoćna hipoteza); 3) E-učenje kroz igru, zahvaljujući lako dostupnim softverskim aplikacijama, smanjuje socijalnu isključenost, kao veliki problem bh. društva. (pomoćna hipoteza); 4) E-učenje kroz igru predstavlja budućnost obrazovanja i garanciju održivosti društva. (pomoćna hipoteza) Rezultati istraživanja se odnose na nova saznanja, stečena na osnovu dvije u potpunosti i jedne djelimično potvrđene hipoteze: 1) da je igra u učenju doprinijela povećanom stepenu mišljenja i djelanja studenata, zbog izloženosti gejmifikovanom okruženju i efektima gejmifikacije, potpomažući brže usvajanje znanja, motivaciju za učenjem i uštedu vremena, te sjećanje (dugoročno pamćenje) nastavnih sadržaja, usvojenih putem igre; 2) da e-učenje kroz igru omogućuje eksterimentalni razvoj, za dobrobit pojedinaca i društva, 3) da e-učenje kroz igru, zahvaljujući lako dostupnim softverskim aplikacijama, smanjuje socijalnu isključenost, kao veliki problem bh. društva.
ПРОГРАМИ ЗА МЛАДЕ НОВИХ ГЕНЕРАЦИЈА У ФУНКЦИЈИ ВАНИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛНЕ ДИПЛОМАТИЈЕ
Authors: Tрнинић Илија
Published: December 2021

Традиционална дипломатија, већ одавно, губи своју првобитну форму а све више и улогу. У почетку осмишљена са задатком да служи сврси дискусије званично изабраних представника. Глобализацијом и глобалистичким утицајем добија форму „одмакнуту“ од званичног. Савремени модели дипломатије карактеришу се као резултат фрагментације традиционалног приступа: настају економска дипломатија, муниципална дипломатија, конференцијска, спортска, културна и тако даље. Једна од њих је диплматија орагнизација цивилног друштва која промовише програме и рад са омладином. Програм младих у Европској унији окарактерисан је као један од најуспјешнијих програма јер су повећали мобилност младих на територији цијеле Уније што је за циљ био да се повећа степен интеркултуралног учења и ојача европски идентитет будућих становника и активних грађана Европске уније. Рад са младима и регионални приступ у раду са овом популацијом јача њихове везе и односе који имају значај међународног карактера. Сврха таквих програма је готово идентична са сврхом настајања и постојања дипломатије: изнаћи модел и начин успостављања сарадње да сила не би владала свијетом.
УЛОГА АЛТЕРНАТИВНИХ МЕРА У СУЗБИЈАЊУ МАЛОЛЕТНИЧКОГ ПРЕСТУПНИШТВА
Authors: Ракоњац Милица , Бериша Хатиџа
Published: December 2021

Малолетничка делинквенција верни је пратилац сваког друштва од његових најранијих корака. Она се јавља у готово свим друштвеним системима и ретке су средине у којима она не представља један од водећих и горућих проблема. Криминалитет у вези са малолетницима досегао је огромне размере, како по својој структури тако и по друштвеној одговорности, па се често запитамо да ли ће његов тренд константног раста доћи у ниво са криминалитетом пунолетних лица. Кривично-правно реаговање на овај вид криминалитета обухвата специфичне мере, јер ипак реч је о једној специфичној категорији друштва. Диверзионе или алтернативне мере представљају један релативно нови облик реаговања на криминалитет малолетника. Циљ ових мера јесте да се избегну негативне последице вођења кривичног поступка, са једне стране, али и да се растерете судови, и генерално правни систем са друге стране. Наиме, мере генерално омогућавају да се избегну нежељени ефекти стигматизације и ремећења животиних активности и навика малолетника. Циљ рада је да се прикаже улога и значај алтернатнивних мера на малолетне учиниоце кривичних дела. Наиме, кроз овај рад настојаће се да се што детаљније објасни улога алтернативних мера на ресоцијализацију и понашање малолетних учинилаца кривичних дела, те генерално њихов утицај на смањење стопе малолетничког преступништва.
SEKUNDARNA VIKTIMIZACIJA ŽRTAVA NASILJA U PORODICI U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Authors: Adžajlić-Dedović Azra , Simović Marina M.
Published: December 2021

Rad se bavi nekim pitanjima reforme sistema zaštite žrtava krivičnih djela i posebno žrtava nasilja u porodici u Bosni i Hercegovini, i to u kontekstu dosljedne implementacije kako Istanbulske konvencije, tako i Preporuke Evropske unije u vezi sa minimumom zaštite, podrške i pomoći žrtvama krivičnih djela iz 2012. godine (PUP, 2012). Polazna osnova su istraživanja koja su utvrdila da je žrtvama nasilja u porodici u Bosni i Hercegovini uskraćen pristup pravosuđu. Naime, poslije podnošenja prijave o nasilju u porodici, policija može ali nije obavezna da o tome obavijesti tužioca - sve dok ne prikupi dovoljno dokaza i ne procijeni da je riječ o krivičnom djelu. Sekundarna viktimizacija žrtava nasilja u porodici u Bosni i Hercegovini vrši se i kroz pogrešno klasifikovanje nasilja u porodici kao prekršajnog, a ne krivičnog djela, ali i kroz neprovođenje krivične istrage u skladu sa zakonom. Marginalizacija žrtava nasilja u porodici vrši se i kroz blago kažnjavanje nasilnika, te i kroz uskraćivanje prava žrtve na restituciju. Žrtva nasilja u porodici ima pravo da bude zbrinuta u sigurnu kuću radi osiguranja fizičke zaštite i ostvarivanja svojih prava i interesa što može da predstavlja njihovu ponovnu sekundarnu viktimizacija. S tim u vezi, žrtva nije prekršila zakon, već nasilnik koji treba biti „udaljen iz porodične kuće“ jer je ugrozio sigurnost ili psihofizički integritet članova svoje porodice. Zato bi nasilniku trebalo izreći i mjeru zabrane približavanja žrtvi, i to sve do izricanja presude, ali i mjere psihosocijalnog tretmana, te, zavisno od okolnosti slučaja, liječenja od zavisnosti poput alkohola, droga i sl.
NASILJE U PORODICI U MEĐUNARODNOM PRAVU I KRIVIČNOPROCESNI ASPEKTI OVOG NASILJA U BOSNI I HERCEGOVINI
Authors: Simović Vladimir M. , Simović Miodrag N.
Published: December 2021

Nasilje u porodici, kao specifičan društveni fenomen, kriminološka pojava, ali i težak oblik ispoljavanja kriminaliteta nasilja tek u poslednje vrijeme izaziva pojačanu pažnju međunarodne zajednice, ali i zakonodavca u pojedinim državama, kao i pažnju nadležnih državnih organa, stručne i opšte javnosti. To je i razumljivo jer se radi o specifičnim, često perfidnim, više-manje prikrivenim oblicima fizičkog, psihičkog, ekonomskog, seksualnog ili sličnog nasilja između bliskih srodnika ili lica u partnerskim odnosima. I pored toga, tek u novije vrijeme Bosni i Hercegovini se preduzimaju organizovani društveni napori da se spriječe i suzbiju ovi oblici protivpravnog, nedozvoljenog, zabranjenog ponašanja između članova iste porodice ili porodične zajednice, bez obzira na to da li je srodstvo zasnovano na krvnoj ili adoptivoj vezi. Nasilje u porodici ili porodičnoj zajednici je u Bosni i Hercegovini predviđeno u porodičnim i krivičnim zakonima i zakonima o zaštiti od nasilja u porodici. Ova zakonska rješenja definišu pojam, sadržinu i karakteristike, te oblike i vidove ispoljavanja nasilja u porodici ili porodičnoj zajednici, kao i sistem preventivnih i represivnih (krivičnopravnih i prekršajnih) mjera za njegovo sprječavanje i suzbijanje. Ova zakonska rješenja svoje uporište imaju u nizu relevantnih međunarodnih dokumenata.
ZLOSTAVLJANJE I ISKORIŠTAVANJE DJECE U ONLINE OKRUŽENJU: ANALIZA DOKUMENTACIJE OSUĐENIH POČINITELJA U PROBACIJSKOM I ZATVORSKOM SUSTAVU U HRVATSKOJ
Authors: Brkić Goran , Vejmelka Lucija , Radat Katarina
Published: December 2021

Slučajevi seksualnog zlostavljanja i iskorištavanje djece predstavljaju najekstremniji oblik zlostavljanja djece u online okruženju. Obzirom na izazove provođenja istraživanja na ovom području prisutan je manjak istraživačkih nalaza na ovom području. Iako se nacionalna zakonodavstva još uvijek služe terminologijom dječje pornografije u online okruženju u ovom radu će se koristiti prikladna terminologija bazirana na međunarodnim standardima. Provedeno je istraživanje analize dokumentacije osuđenih počinitelja kaznenih djela spolnog zlostavljanja i iskorištavanja djeteta u online okruženju. Cilj istraživanja je na temelju identificiranih sociodemografskih karakteristika počinitelja te karakteristika kaznenog djela i izrečenih sankcija doprinijeti boljem razumijevanju kaznenih djela na štetu djece i maloljetnih osoba u području seksualnog zlostavljanja i iskorištavanja djece u online okruženju u Hrvatskoj. obzirom na da se radi o deskriptivnom istraživanja koje služi opisivanju osobina populacije počinitelja kao i deskripciji obilježja kaznenih djela i izrečenih sankcija nije potrebno postaviti probleme i hipoteze istraživanja. Provedena je sadržajna analiza dokumentacije probacijskih ureda i zatvorskog sustava na području Republike Hrvatske osuđenih počinitelja kaznenog djela seksualnog zlostavljanja i iskorištavanja djece u online okruženju u posljednjih 5 godina. U svrhu ovog istraživanja konstruirana je provjerna lista za prikupljanje podataka. Analiza dostupne dokumentacije uključila je: presude, rješenja o uvjetnom otpustu, pojedinačne programa postupanja probacijskih ureda, izvješća iz kazneno-prekršajne evidencije i socioanamnestičke podatke zatvora ili kaznionice osuđenih počinitelja kaznenog djela. Istraživanje je uvažilo etičke smjernice pri provođenju istraživanja, suglasnost za provođenje istraživanja dobiveno je od Ministarstva pravosuđa i uprave, a s obzirom na povjerljivost podataka iz analize su uklonjeni osobni podaci iz kojih bi bilo moguće identificirati identitet počinitelja analizirane dokumentacije. Obzirom na manjak istraživanja na ovom području rezultati su značajni za bolje razumijevanje kaznenih djela zlostavljanja i iskorištavanja djece u online okruženju te obilježja počinitelja, kaznenih djela i izrečenih sankcija na ovom području. Rezultati mogu biti korisni stručnjacima iz pravosudnog sektora te ostalim praktičarima na području zaštitite djece.
DECA KAO ŽRTVE KRIMINALA OD STRANE MALOLETNIKA
Authors: Nikolić Gordana
Published: December 2021

Deca, kao najosetljiva i najzištećenija kategorija društva, krivično neodgovorna, se nažalost ipak javljaju u ulozi žrtvi krivičnih dela. Iako se njihova zaštita ogleda od strane čitavog društva, svih subjekata bezbednosti i pravne zaštite, statistički i realni podaci koji se pojavljuju ukazuju na činjenicu da je ova najosetljivija društvena kategorija ipak „na udaru“ mnogih krivičnih dela gde se pojavljuju kao njihove žrtve. Deca, zbog svoje starosne granice i još uvek nedovoljno razvijenih sposobnosti za adekvatnu preocenu su specificna kao žtve krivičnih dela u slučaju da se radi o punoletnim učiniocima, dok posebnu specificnost u izvršenju krivičnih dela nad decom imaju maloletnici u slučaju da se javljaju kao učinioci. U tome ide u prilog činjenica da su maloletnici i deca zbog bliske starosne strukture u većoj mogućnosti da medjusobno budu izvršioci i žrtve kriminala, posebno njihovo druženje, vannastavno okupljanje, pohadjanje skole itd. u odnosu na punoletne izvršioci i decu kao njihove potencijalne žrtve. U tom slučaju se najčešće radi o tzv „vršnjackom nasilju“ kao obliku kriminala između vrnjaka. Imajući u vidu da su deca krivično neodgovorna i da ne podležu krivičnoj odgovornosti, nezahvalno je ovu osetljivu kategoriju analizirati uopste sa aspekta žrtve. S obzirom da se u ovoj kategoriji nalaze, autor se u radu bavi upravo ovom problematikom, gde decu analizira u uloži žrtve kriminala, kao skupa krivičnih dela, nad kojim su izvršena od strane maloletnika, kao njihove bliske strarosne granice. Pored teorijskog obrazloženja pojma dece i maloletnika u krivičnom pravu, autor statističkim metodom analizira zastupljenost izvršenja krivičnih dela od strane maloletnika prema deci u vremenskom periodu od pet godina na teritoriji Republike Srbije prikazom konkretnih statističkih podataka iz skoro svih grupa krivčnih dela, na osnovu čega se izvodi zaključak koja su dela najzastuplenija u izvršenju,, kao i o njihovoj dinamici izvršenja, a sve u cilju buduceg sprečavanja vršenja dela nad ovom specifičnoj društvenoj kategoriji.
IL-2/JES6-1 mAb complexes dramatically increase sensitivity to LPS through IFN-γ production by CD25+Foxp3- T cells
Authors: Tomala Jakub , Weberova Petra , Tomalova Barbora , Jiraskova Zakostelska Zuzana , Sivak Ladislav , Kovarova Jirina , Kovar Marek
Published: December 2021

Complexes of IL-2 and JES6-1 mAb (IL-2/JES6) provide strong sustained IL-2 signal selective for CD25+cells and thus they potently expand Tregcells. IL-2/JES6 are effective in the treatment of autoimmune diseases and in protecting against rejection of pancreatic islet allografts. However, we found that IL-2/JES6 also dramatically increase sensitivity to LPS-mediated shock in C57BL/6 mice. We demonstrate here that this phenomenon is dependent on endogenous IFN-γ and T cells, as it is not manifested in IFN-γ deficient and nude mice, respectively. Administration of IL-2/JES6 leads to the emergence of CD25+Foxp3-CD4+and CD25+Foxp3-CD8+T cells producing IFN-γ in various organs, particularly in the liver. IL-2/JES6 also increase counts of CD11b+CD14+cells in the blood and the spleen with higher sensitivity to LPS in terms of TNF-α production and induce expression of CD25 in these cells. These findings indicate safety issue for potential use of IL-2/JES6 or similar IL-2-like immunotherapeutics.
Some pitfalls of OA discussions – an opinion piece
Authors: Frantsvåg Jan Erik
Published: December 2021

This is an attempt to vent some frustrations accumulated over 25 years of following – and participating in – OA debates.
Artful Dementia Research Lab
Authors: Mittner Lilli , Lotherington Ann Therese
Published: December 2021

This report presents ADLab’s research areas, the timeline of activities from August 2017 to December 2021, and a self-evaluation of the overall progress.
Note addressed to David Laing, respecting some circumstances connected with the interment of Alexander III and Robert Bruce, Kings of Scotland, in the Abbey Church of Dunfermline
Authors: Henderson E
Published: December 2021

Dr E Henderson sent a communication to the Society claiming to have found evidence in the Lanercost Chronicle of the location of the interment of Alexander III. However, after another Fellow pointed out that his argument was based on a translation error, Dr Henderson asked that his letter be removed.