bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Avaliação físico-química de cimentos Portland produzidos no Brasil, via Fluorescência por raios-X e resistência mecânica
Authors: Menna Junior Dawilson , Balcão Victor Manuel Cardoso Figueiredo , Chaud Marco Vinicius , Vila Marta Maria Duarte Carvalho , Aranha Norberto , Yoshida Valquiria Miwa Hanai , Oliveira Junior Jose Martins de
Published: June 2020

O cimento Portland é o componente básico do concreto. A espectroscopia de fluorescência de raios X é uma técnica analítica estabelecida usada em fábricas de cimento em todo o mundo. Um estudo comparativo dos constituintes elementares presentes em cimentos Portland produzidos no Brasil foi realizado através da análise via EDXRF. Os principais elementos identificados e quantificados nas amostras de cimento foram Al, Ca, Fe, K, Si, S, Ti, Mn, Zn e Sr. Os principais componentes do cimento são cal (CaO), sílica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), óxido de ferro (Fe2O3), magnésia (MgO), álcalis (Na2O e K2O) e sulfatos (SO3). Os componentes C3S, C2S, C3A e C4AF foram calculados pela fórmula de Bogue. Foram feitas argamassa com água, cimento e areia para cada marca de cimento e foram realizadas análises para avaliar a resistência à compressão mecânica. Os corpos foram quebrados após a cura nos seguintes prazos: 1, 3, 7, 28 e 91 dias. Os resultados dos ensaios mecânicos foram correlacionados com os componentes encontrados nas diferentes marcas de cimento. Nossos resultados indicam que a resistência à compressão inicial pode variar muito de uma marca para outra e os valores para os potenciais do Bogue mostram grandes diferenças para C3S e C2S. Foi demonstrado por testes de resistência como é possível prever o comportamento das argamassas feitas com esses cimentos. Os cimentos provaram ser bons para a fabricação de argamassas e atendem às especificações Brasileiras.
Neofascismo como objeto de estudo: contribuições e caminhos para elucidar este fenômeno
Authors: Carnut Leonardo
Published: June 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar os/as pesquisadores/as brasileiros/as que estão tomando o ‘neofascismo’ como objeto de estudo, analisando em que disciplinas ancoram suas análises e quais contribuições eles têm feito para apontar caminhos na elucidação deste fenômeno. Logo, foi realizado um mapeamento, de abordagem qualitativa, descritivo-exploratória sobre o tema ‘neofascismo’ no Currículo Lattes de pesquisadores doutores que se dedicam sobre o tema no Brasil. Usou-se a palavra-chave ‘neofascismo’ no campo principal da ‘busca simples’, cujo modo de busca utilizado foi ‘assunto (título ou palavra-chave na produção)’. Identificou-se que, dos 100% (21) dos pesquisadores encontrados, 71,5% (15) são homens, e, dos 100% (108) das citações do termo ‘neofascismo’, 34,5% (37) concentram-se em uma única pesquisadora. A área de História Geral ou Especializada é a principal disciplina de ancoragem. As produções científicas sobre o neofascismo puderam ser divididas em quatro blocos: “os trabalhos que procuram uma delimitação da categoria neofascismo”; “os que historicizam o uso da categoria neofascismo”; “os que aplicam o neofascismo a uma conjuntura doméstica” e “os que identificam/descrevem grupos e práticas neofascistizantes”. Por fim, são delimitadas as diferenças entre as ‘práticas conservadoras’ das ‘práticas neofascistizantes’ e são identificadas algumas características da retórica neofascista.
Second Language Vocabulary Learning from Viewing Video in an EFL Classroom
Authors: Yawiloeng Rattana
Published: June 2020

This study examines the effects of an English vocabulary video on second language vocabulary learning by English as a foreign language (EFL) learners. The conceptual framework is underpinned by Mayer’s (2005) Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning. The participants were 25 undergraduate students studying at a Thai university. To collect data, five types of research instruments were utilized including a survey of English vocabulary knowledge, pre-test, post-test, the English vocabulary video, and a questionnaire. The findings of this study revealed an increase in the post-test scores after the Thai EFL learners engaged in learning second language (L2) vocabulary using an English vocabulary video. Moreover, the findings also uncovered that the EFL learners gained L2 vocabulary knowledge after viewing the video containing first language (L1) and L2 captions, images, and L2 audios which are relevant to the target words. Furthermore, the results revealed that the EFL students preferred learning L2 vocabulary via video containing both L1 and L2 captions, interesting and related images, and the proper volume of audios. Therefore, the significant findings of this study lead to theoretical and pedagogical implications regarding the significant role of multimedia learning in terms of the links between visual and auditory information.
Virtual Embassy Portal: The Future of Travel
Authors: Hill Dalvin , Ahmadi Mohabbat , Rigg Julaine
Published: June 2020

As the advent of travel continues to increase, tourism continues to expand, becoming the fastest growing economic activity globally. In order to travel internationally, one needs a passport and in many cases a visa is required. Currently, in order to apply for a visa, consumers have to complete and submit an application: online application completion and submission, visit a website to download the application form(s), physically visit an embassy/consulate, or utilize the services of a third party company to submit the application. Thereafter, there is a great chance the consumer might have to appear in person at the consulate/embassy for an in-person interview. There is a need to streamline the visa application process so that it is more efficient for both applicants as well as embassies.

This paper aims to fill the gap by introducing the Virtual Embassy concept. This concept promises to bring all embassies to an applicant’s fingertip while making embassies more efficient in the process. The Virtual Embassy enables individuals to complete one application form which can be disseminated virtually to one or more consulate(s) of choice, without requiring extensive travel to embassies, or to manually complete multiple visa application forms.
Mechanism Research and Discussion of the Quality of Precision Machining of a Fifth-order Variable-diameter Pipe Using Abrasive Flow
Authors: Li Junye , Wang Lixiong , Zhang Hengfu , Hu Jinglei , Zhang Xinming , Zhao Weihong
Published: June 2020

The solid-liquid two-phase abrasive flow precision machining technology is widely used in aerospace, precision machinery, the automotive industry and other fields, and is an advanced manufacturing technology that effectively improves the inner surface quality of workpieces. In this paper, the fifth-order variable-diameter pipe parts are researched. By discussing the collision between the abrasive particles and the wall surface, it is revealed that the material removal of the workpiece is caused by plastic deformation, and the mechanism of precision machining of the abrasive flow is clarified. Through numerical analysis and experimental research, it is found that the incident angle can affect the precision machining quality of the abrasive flow. When the inlet velocity of the abrasive flow is 45 m/s and the incident angle is 15°, the fifth-order variable-diameter pipe can obtain the best surface quality. Abrasive flow machining improves the surface quality of small holes better than that of large holes. To obtain uniform surface quality, it is necessary to use two-way machining to perform abrasive flow machining. The surface texture of the fifth-order variable-diameter pipe workpiece after precision machining by abrasive flow becomes clear and smooth, and the surface quality is significantly improved. The research results can provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the popularization and application of solid-liquid two-phase abrasive flow precision machining technology, with significant academic value and application value.
Influence of Local Porosity on the Mechanical Properties of Direct Metal Laser-Sintered 1.2709 Alloy
Authors: Hatos István , Fekete Imre , Harangozó Dóra , Hargitai Hajnalka
Published: June 2020

Powder bed metal printing has demonstrated its potential for the direct manufacturing of complex parts. It has great flexibility compared to conventional manufacturing. There are also some difficulties and problems, e.g., because the process stops during production. When the process is restarted, the first layer may be thicker due to technological limitations. In this paper, the effects caused by the presence of these thicker layers were investigated. The possibility of re-melting the layers to reduce porosity were also analysed. A tool steel powder grade 1.2709 was used to produce samples with an increased thickness of melted layers.
Comparison of Visual and Instrumental Assessment of Colour Differences on Finished Wooden Surfaces
Authors: Pavlič Matjaž , Petrič Marko
Published: June 2020

Staining of wood with various substances and processes is an important part of surface finishing of wood. Colour differences as a result of staining and of exposure of coloured wood during its utilisation are usually evaluated by instrumental measurements. However, the measurement results can show something else compared to what our naked eye can see. Due to inhomogeneity of wood, this discrepancy can be even greater in the case of finished surfaces. The aim of our research was to evaluate distinctions between visual perception and numerically determined colour differences on differently finished wooden surfaces, to get information at which starting point the colour difference becomes visible, and to establish whether it is related to the nature of the surface. We established that the visual assessment is influenced by many factors and that there is a correlation between visual and instrumental assessments. The colour difference ΔE* of 0.5 should be considered as a value when it starts to become visible, and at the value of 2.0, observers already considered the colour difference as a different colour. It was stated that we have some tolerance in perceiving the colour change. This tolerance is more expressed in the case of transparent coating systems.
Physical Properties of Juvenile Wood of Two Paulownia Hybrids
Authors: Sedlar Tomislav , Ištok Iva , Kučinić Marko , Jambreković Branimir , Drvodelić Damir , Šefc Bogoslav
Published: June 2020

There is a growing trend in the world of planting fast growing species (rotations 5 to 10 years). Their primary purpose is the production of wood fibers and biomass, but they certainly represent the potential in making solid wood products as well. One of the fast-growing species is Paulownia sp., a species of extremely fast growing wood. Plantation breeding of Paulownia sp. in Croatia is increasing, although there is a little knowledge about the technical properties of Paulownia wood and its end use is questionable. This paper presents preliminary results of some physical properties of juvenile wood of two Paulownia hybrids planted in the area near the town of Glina in the Republic of Croatia. One hybrid is 9501 ((Paulownia fortunei × Paulownia elongata) × (Paulownia fortunei × Paulownia tomentosa)) and the other hybrid is Shan Tong (Paulownia fortunei × Paulownia tomentosa). The aim of this study was to investigate physical properties of juvenile wood of two Paulownia hybrids from one site in Croatia, to determine differences in physical properties of wood between two hybrids and to evaluate the correlation between density and shrinkages of each hybrid. Significant differences in oven dry density, basic density and density at maximum MC, between the two hybrids were determined. There is no statistically significant difference in longitudinal, radial, tangential and volumetric shrinkages between the two hybrids.
Characterisation and Modelling of Drying Kinetics of Thin Ash and Oak Wood Lamellas Dried with Infrared Radiation and Hot Air
Authors: Straže Aleš , Klarić Miljenko , Budrović Zlatko , Pervan Stjepan
Published: June 2020

Infrared and hot air drying characteristics of thin ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) and oak (Quercus robur L.) wood lamellas were experimentally determined using an infrared and hot air laboratory device. Drying curves of 2 mm thick lamellas were established in the temperature range between 60 °C and 90 °C, and fitted by Fick’s diffusion model. Drying efficiency, drying rate and effective diffusivity have been estimated and compared between the used drying techniques. Moisture ratio exponentially decayed with duration of the process at all used temperatures. Effective diffusivity was greater in ash than oak wood, and it was not significantly influenced by the drying technique. The increased bound water diffusivity with increased drying temperature that caused shortening of the drying process was confirmed in both wood species. Similar activation energy was determined with both wood species, lower when the IR drying technique was used.
A ausência de medidas de políticas urbana de ordenação e controle do uso do solo e a responsabilidade civil dos municípios em razão de danos decorrentes de reiterados fenômenos da natureza
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Cardozo , Da Silva Marcos Alves , Presente Vinícius Rafael
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho busca analisar em que medida o Município pode ser responsabilizado em razão de sua omissão em evitar, ou tomar medidas para prevenir danos que decorram de reiterados fenômenos da natureza. A pesquisa inicia com uma análise da evolução histórica da responsabilidade civil Estatal (lato sensu) e a divergência doutrinária sobre a responsabilidade por omissão e, na sequência, aborda quais são as causas que podem excluir o dever de indenizar da Administração Pública. Por fim, é apreciado, frente à Lei nº 12.608/2012, que alterou e acrescentou alguns dispositivos no Estatuto da Cidade, quais os deveres do Município para evitar que a população esteja sujeita a risco de desastres e quais as consequências desta previsão para a responsabilidade civil da municipalidade.
O “pós-positivismo” como um conceito erguido sobre compreensões reducionistas acerca do positivismo jurídico
Authors: Gouveia Lúcio Grassi de , Oliveira Plínio Pacheco Clementino de
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo pretende responder à seguinte pergunta: o uso da expressão pós-positivismo envolve, ordinariamente, uma caracterização reducionista e equivocada do positivismo jurídico? Veremos que sim e que o positivismo não foi superado, mas transformado por desenvolvimentos que o tornaram um campo teórico que não é o mesmo da primeira metade do século XX. Justifica-se a presente pesquisa diante necessidade de efetuar um aprofundamento desse tema de grande complexidade e de promover esse intercâmbio de conhecimentos.  A cientificidade da pesquisa está diretamente relacionada à determinação dos métodos de estudo. Tendo em vista seu caráter teórico, será utilizado material preponderantemente bibliográfico, com ampla pesquisa em monografias, teses e artigos científicos, de forma a coletarmos as informações mais relevantes acerca do tema suscitado.
A impossibilidade normativa de patente de código fonte no Brasil e o problema do plágio de software
Authors: Parchen Charles Emmanuel , Freitas Cinthia Obladen de Almendra
Published: June 2020

Discute-se a ausência da possibilidade normativa de patente de programa de computador no Brasil e os efeitos decorrentes da falta de uma adequada proteção a tal obra imaterial que não pode ser comparada às demais obras artísticas e literárias, como atualmente ocorre na legislação brasileira. Como o software em si não é adequadamente protegido, há um incentivo ao plágio e contrafação. Isto submete a pessoa do originador do programa de computador a riscos e incertezas de ter que se valer dos meios comuns para proteção do seu patrimônio, sem que haja, contudo, garantia de exclusividade e primazia sobre sua obra intelectual, que é o código-fonte. Usando o método dedutivo e a pesquisa bibliográfica, propõe-se a necessidade de atualização da lei, para que esta se adeque, por exemplo, a países que possuem enfoque no empreendedorismo, tal como os Estados Unidos. Conclui o artigo que não é possível se alcançar um salutar empreendedorismo se às pessoas com olhar inovador e inventivo não forem asseguradas, pela lei, a exclusividade e primazia de sua criação por razoável lapso de tempo.
Estabilização da tutela antecipada antecedente no processo civil brasileiro: um primeiro balanço
Authors: Catharina Alexandre De Castro
Published: June 2020

A estabilização da tutela provisória é uma das principais apostas do Código de Processo Civil de 2015 para se alcançar a efetividade da jurisdição na fase cognitiva. Neste sentido, se faz necessário refletir sobre a adequação do tratamento dado ao tema pelo legislador processual e, principalmente, se a inovação normativa vem produzindo efeitos práticos na dinâmica da atividade judicial. Partindo dessa premissa, o principal objetivo do trabalho é fazer um balanço da estabilização da tutela provisória no CPC, num primeiro momento, e verificar se a inovação legislativa proposta provocou impactos na prática dos principais tribunais de justiça do país. A metodologia utilizada no trabalho é qualitativa documental, com ênfase na análise de algumas decisões judiciais, articulada com levantamento bibliográfico.
Greenwashing e sua configuração como publicidade enganosa e abusiva sob a perspectiva do microssistema de proteção e defesa do consumidor
Authors: Alves Fabricio Germano
Published: June 2020

A publicidade é uma atividade lícita, entretanto algumas espécies de publicidade foram expressamente proibidas pelo Código de Defesa do Consumidor (publicidade enganosa e abusiva). Configura-se greenwashing quando os fornecedores atribuem a si próprios ou a seus produtos e serviços, uma imagem de adequação ambiental e preocupação com o meio ambiente que não condiz com a realidade. Objetiva-se demonstrar como esse tipo de prática pode configurar publicidade enganosa e abusiva sob a perspectiva da legislação. Como metodologia utiliza-se de uma pesquisa aplicada, com abordagem hipotético-dedutiva e qualitativa, e com objetivo descritivo. A depender da forma em que a mensagem é veiculada, o greenwashing pode configurar tanto a publicidade enganosa (por comissão e por omissão) quanto a publicidade abusiva, nos termos do artigo 37 do Código de Defesa do Consumidor.
Validation of the Polish version of the Self-reported Experiences of Activity Settings (SEAS) questionnaire
Authors: Kulis Aleksandra , Batorowicz Beata , Chrabota Urszula
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Despite the growing interest in various forms of leisure time management and their influence on various aspects of human life, still not enough attention is paid to understanding individual experiences of participation in classes. It is important not only what we do, but also how the activity affects overall well-being, functioning and role play in society.
Objective: The aim of this work is to present the process of validation of the Polish version of the Self-reported Experiences of Activity Settings (SEAS) questionnaire.
Material and methods: The study was conducted in a group of 153 people aged 10-22 years (mean 15.5 ± 3.3). The study participants were divided into four groups. The process of translation and cultural adaptation was carried out according to international rules developed by ISPOR.
Results: The alpha Cronbach index for the whole questionnaire was 0.953. The internal alpha Cronbach index for question groups in the Polish version of the TeDeMAR questionnaire was higher or equal to 0.70 and close to the values of this index in the English version of the questionnaire. The results of the constancy test performed in group 4 showed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) between the individual question groups.
Conclusions: The TeDeMAR questionnaire, as the Polish version of the SEAS questionnaire, met all validation criteria.
Le multipartisme démocratique au Congo est une valeur démocratique ou un désordre politique?
Authors: Mfuamba Mulumba Isidore , Kalala Ilunga Matthiesen
Published: June 2020

Il arrive de fois que nous nous demandons : si la République Démocratique du Congo est prête pour la démocratie et si elle a compris bien la démocratie. Bien que le multipartisme soit un principe (indispensable) parmi tant d’autres de la démocratie et que la démocratie pluraliste (modèle choisi par la RDC) se fonde sur la reconnaissance de la légitimité d’une pluralité effective de partis politiques, mais le parti politique n’est pas une société commerciale que tout le monde peut créer en vertu du libéralisme democraticoéconomique et dont le fonds de commerce est le désordre politique et violations droits fondamentaux en vue de conquérir du pouvoir. Etant donné qu’un tel désordre à l’impact négatif d’abord au développement de l’Etat, en suite, à la consolidation d’un Etat de droit et enfin, au respect des droits humains; il faut que le Droit encadre le phénomène de la prolifération des partis politiques en RDC. Cela étant besoin que nécessite sa diversité ethnico-tribale. Comme l’a si bien dit Goethe, « Vaut mieux une injustice qu’un désordre ». Cette pensée fait de l’ordre l’objectif sans concurrent du Droit, de la sorte, les congolais doivent faire un bon usage des principes démocratiques pour le bien être de la République Démocratique du Congo. Car la démocratie mal comprise ou abusivement utilisée risquerait de mettre le pays dans un dilemme de développement.
Etude des facteurs favorisant l’impunité a la législation en matière de violences sexuelles en République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Ilunga Bondo Fréddy , Fatu Mata Nadine
Published: June 2020

Les violences sexuelles constituent un véritable problème de santé publique et une cause de violation massive des droits de l’Homme, principalement des femmes et des jeunes enfants. Cette étude s’emploie à repérer les facteurs ou obstacles qui influent négativement sur la punissabilité des auteurs des infractions à la loi n°06-018 du 20 juillet 2006 relative aux violences sexuelles en République Démocratique du Congo. Ces facteurs sont de plusieurs ordres, notamment sociologique, culturel, économique et juridique. Il importe de les déceler ou mieux de les dénicher pour permettre aux rouages juridictionnels du pays, qui se veut un « Etat de droit », de bien rendre la justice par l’application rigoureuse des lois relatives à cette matière de violences sexuelles afin de restaurer les victimes de ces affreux actes dans leur droit et dignité.
L’ORGANISATION ET LE FONCTIONNEMENT DE LA PROFESSION D’HUISSIER DE JUSTICE EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE DU CONGO : ETAT DES LIEUX ET ENJEUX ACTUELS
Authors: Abdou Muhima Moïse
Published: June 2020

Cet article s’interroge sur l’opportunité de la libéralisation de la profession d’huissier de justice en RDC et du rôle que joue l’huissier de justice dans l’administration de la justice pour la promotion ou la consolidation de l’Etat de droit en RDC. Avant la loi organique de 2016 sur la profession d’huissier de justice, cette dernière ne bénéficiait pas des garanties nécessaires pour jouer son rôle de profession juridique de proximité et sociale. Avec sa libéralisation, cette profession est structurée au tour de la Chambre nationale et de la chambre provinciale des huissiers de justice. Chacune de ses structures est composée d’une Assemblée générale, d’un Bureau et d’un Commissariat aux comptes. Ces différents organes veillent à l’efficacité et l’intégrité de la profession. Cette reforme permet aux huissiers de justice de s’organisent au tour d’une corporation autonome et indépendante bénéficiant de garantie nécessaire pour contribuer efficacement à la bonne administration de la justice et la consolidation de l’Etat de droit en RDC.
Comparison of the Effect of Bicarbonate, Hyaluronidase, and Lidocaine Injection on Myofascial Pain Syndrome
Authors: Ghasemi Mahshid , Mosaffa Faramarz , Hoseini Behnam , Behnaz Faranak
Published: June 2020

Background: Myofascial pain syndrome is a chronic syndrome that occurred in a local or focal part of the body. The basis for myofascial pain syndrome is the presence of myofascial trigger point or points, producing pain in clinical examinations. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effect of injection of bicarbonate, hyaluronidase, and lidocaine on myofascial pain syndrome. Methods: The patients were randomly allocated to three groups of bicarbonate, hyaluronidase, and lidocaine. The injection was done at two painful regions of trapezius muscle with a sonography guide for each patient. The values of visual analogue scale (VAS), pre-injection range of motion (ROM), immediately after injection, second and fourth week were measured. Results: The analysis showed that there were no significant differences between the three groups for age, gender, BMI, and height (P > 0.05). Repeated measures one-way ANOVA (week * group) 4 * 3 was used to compare the effect of bicarbonate, hyaluronidase, and lidocaine on VAS and range of motion (ROM) before injection, immediately after injection, second and fourth week. The results showed that the main effect of group and week is significant for VAS (P < 0.05). This study showed that the values of VAS were significantly different between the three groups during the fourth weeks of the study. Moreover, the patients experienced more pain decline in the hyaluronidase group during weeks before injection, after injection, second and fourth week, which indicated the permanent effect of this medication on pain decline. Conclusions: Injection of lidocaine leads to a significant reduction in pain immediately after injection; however, the decline was not permanent and disappeared in the following four weeks. But VAS reduction in hyaluronidase group more than bicarbonate and lidocaine groups.
Analysis of wage inequalities in the Slovak Republic at the regional level
Authors: Urbaníková Marta , Štubňová Michaela
Published: June 2020

At present, at a time of incoming recession in the global and domestic economy, wages are an important tool in the labor market. The paper aims to analyze the development of average and minimum wages from the perspective of the Slovak Republic and its regions. At the same time, using correlation analysis, we analyze the relationship between wages and the educational structure of the region's population and registered unemployment in the region. The analyzes showed that average wages are constantly growing. The highest wage is in the Bratislava region, while in the Prešov region it was up to 38% lower. While in the Bratislava region the ratio of the minimum wage to the regional average wage was at the level of 38%, in the Prešov region it reached almost 62%. Based on the results of the correlation analysis, it can be stated that the impact of the monitored attributes on the average monthly wage varies from region to region. We observe the most significant differences for the Bratislava region in comparison with the remaining Slovak regions.
Územní diferenciace státních programů podpory regionálního rozvoje coby nástroje regionální politiky ČR v letech 2013-2018
Authors: Ševčík Michal , Konečný Ondřej
Published: June 2020

The aim of the presented paper is to reveal the territorial differentiation of the use of state regional development support programs financed by the Ministry of Regional Development of the Czech Republic in 2013-2018. Territorial differentiation is examined through three indicators: the share of financial allocation of programs, the share of the number of implemented projects and the financial allocation of programs per capita for individual regions of the Czech Republic. The results of the analysis show that the total amount of financial support for regions varies in the relevant years depending on the nature of regional problems and the time-limited existence of some programs. It was also found that South Bohemian Region which received the largest part of the total allocation in the period, even in terms of per capita, had the largest absorption capacity of the programs. The justification lies in the relatively high support for the remediation of flood damage after 2013. In contrast, the Karlovy Vary region, which is characterized by the localization of a number of "state-supported regions", received a relatively small amount of support compared to other regions (related to size of the area).
Přístup inteligentní specializace jako nástroj řešení společenských výzev
Authors: Lelková Tereza
Published: June 2020

Challenge-orientation of innovation policy is linked to the question of how to implement this policy at regional level, which is becoming increasingly important in addressing these challenges. The aim of the paper is to present the application of smart specialization approach as a tool for coping with societal challenges enabling the transformation of regions towards sustainability. The paper uses qualitative research methods, such as a literature review and case study. The application of this approach is presented on example of the Swedish Vinnväxt programme which aims to support sustainable regional growth by creating internationally competitive innovation environments in areas related to strengths of functional regions. From 2017, the driving force behind this programme is the 17 Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. Its main aspects include strengthened or new constellations of actors, formulation of societal objectives relevant to regional actors, long-term horizon and internalization. In future, the presented programme could be an inspiration for the creation and development of similar programs also in the Central European countries.
Multi-criteria analysis as a tool for assessment of district towns
Authors: Vavrek Roman
Published: June 2020

A technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution is a multi-criteria decision analysis method used for complex assessment of a set of alternatives. It is often combined with the CV (Coefficient of Variance) method to determine the weight of these criteria to objectify achieved results. Using these methods, we have assessed a group of district towns in the Slovak Republic based on 2016 data by using six budgetary criteria, including maximizing and minimizing ones. The main contribution of this article is the complex assessment of a selected set of territorial administration entities, differences in their results and the importance of selecting the right method to determine weights, which has a significant impact on the overall results. It can be said that there were almost no differences in results among the majority of district towns, there were no significant correlations between the results and the criteria, and there were some common characteristics in the three created clusters. The analysis has confirmed that it is necessary to pay special attention to the selection of criteria and of the method used to determine their weight, as these factors have a significant impact on the overall results of analysis.
Entrepreneurial activities of municipalities in the Slovak Republic
Authors: Valach Maroš , Bumbalová Monika
Published: June 2020

Local self-governments in Slovakia have on their disposal several ways of performing entrepreneurial activities. In general municipal entrepreneurship leads to the appreciation of municipal assets and generation of additional own budget revenues. The aim of the paper was to identify and analyse commercial enterprises, through which local self-governments conduct entrepreneurial activities. Within the research, we focused on the enterprises with the property share of municipalities, which have the status of the town. The following factors were taken into account when analysing the municipal enterprises: number of enterprises, their distribution in regions, legal form, economic activity and their economic results. Research results point to the fact that Slovak municipalities have long-term experience in performing of entrepreneurial activities using the municipal enterprises. They are mostly enterprises with 100 percent ownership of towns, and in terms of legal form, they are mostly limited liability companies. As for the economic activities, these enterprises are active in the fields corresponding with the municipal competences. An important positive effect of the entrepreneurial activities of the local self-governments is the increase in the value of assets.
Regionální konvergence v příjmech v rámci odvětví české ekonomiky
Authors: Zdražil Pavel
Published: June 2020

The aim of this contribution is to assess the development of regional disparities in income within the sectors of Czech economy. Based on the average compensations of employees per hours worked, the sectoral structure is assessed at the level of 6 individual industries and 5 aggregated industrial groups. The research is carried out at the level of self-governing regions in 1995-2018. The sigma convergence approach is proceed to analyse the disparity processes. The analysis showed that individual sectors have very different positions in the economy in terms of both the share and dynamics of changes. Moreover, in the pre-crisis period (before 2008) the level and dynamics of variability were higher in most sectors. The results suggest that regional disparities in income are converging in most sectors; however, disparities are stable at the level of the whole economy. This development is a result of absence of convergence or divergence processes in sectors with large and growing shares on the structure of economy. On the other hand, the share of the converging sectors is stable or rather declining, while the convergence tendencies proceed with a very low intensity. Higher intensity of convergence process is achieved only by very minor sectors of economy.
Local referendum as a tool of direct participation of citizens in the decision-making of municipalities in the Czech Republic
Authors: Hampl Filip
Published: June 2020

The local referendum is the only tool of direct democracy in the Czech Republic, allowing citizens to decide on issues falling within the independent competence of municipalities directly. The aim of the paper is to assess the use, voter turnout, binding force, and thematic focus of local referenda as a tool of direct participation of citizens in the decision-making on local issues in the Czech municipalities with respect to their size defined by the population in the period 2006-2019. To fulfil the aim, descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, classification analysis and correlation analysis have been employed. A total of 288 local referenda were held in the examined period, 193 of them in the municipalities up to 1,999 inhabitants. The results do not indicate a statistically significant relationship between the municipality size and the holding of referenda. On the other hand, the results show a weakly negative correlation relationship between the municipality size and the turnout (the binding force, respectively). The referenda focused on territorial development, environment, alternative sources of power and infrastructure predominate in the municipalities up to 4,999 inhabitants. The referenda on municipal property and public order prevail in the municipalities with 5,000 and more inhabitants.
Modifikace virtuální regionální infrastruktury pro CRM autonomními systémy
Authors: Botlík Josef , Botlíková Milena , Janáková Milena
Published: June 2020

In the context of the pandemic condition caused by the coronavirus Covid 19, it is obvious that economic sectors dependent on movement of goods and people between regions will be less economically productive. Undoubtedly it is tourist industry (TI). Partial compensation of impacts and risks is practicable by appropriate tools, in this context it is client relationship management (CRM). Basic TI services are related to a destination which is a geospatial factor determining supply and demand. Destination isn´t isolated entity, it is dependent on environment (between other and administrative). Data processing is always related to a territorial unit which is characterized, between others, relevant infrastructure which is needed for provision of services. One characteristic of infrastructure is relation between elements of infrastructure, which can be defined as interdependence of elements, e.g. spatial. The aim of the contribution is to demonstrate the geospatial relationship between selected elements of supply and demand in the TI given accommodation capacities and the number of overnight stays. Defaults data are evaluated by geospatial analysis methods, especially precedent analysis showing changes of values between elements analyzed on the infrastructure. Infrastructure is based on administrative division of Czech Republic, basic data are divide into districts and modified to regions by minimum distances. Infrastructure is generated by passage of autonomous agents. The results of the work demonstrate spatial dependencies and indicate the need to examine the relationships between quantities based on the gradient of quantities in the space, which is evident, for example, on the behavior of the average number of overnight stays between the districts of Brno city and Brno countryside.
Kultúrne dedičstvo – ekonomický zdroj rozvoja turizmu, či odraz kultúrnej identity?
Authors: Krišková Zdena
Published: June 2020

The paper focuses on the issue of cultural heritage and tourism in the area of the High Tatras that are located in the Spiš region – one of the most significant historical and cultural centres of Slovakia. The study points out the aspects of presenting to the visitors the traditional cultural values of this region that are in socio-cultural and economic contexts. Moreover, we monitor the adequate forms of interpretation of those values in the present conditions of tourism. We aim at the usage of socio-cultural capital of the city in the perspective of sustainable development in the European area. The contribution copes with the long term ethnological field research, which is, predominantly, the basis for the synthesis of the results, and that is completed with the bibliography sources. The main intention of the origin of villages in the Tatra region (spas and tourism), ethnic and social reference of their founders are the essential factors for our conclusions. Those factors have conditioned and influenced many cultural specificities of the inhabitants concerning their identity and cultural roots. This phenomenon is the important determinant of the values of cultural heritage exchange, mainly towards the external visitors of the High Tatras.
Hodnocení kvality života z pohledu místních aktérů: případová studie území MAS Podhůří Železných hor
Authors: Šilhan Zdeněk , Chaloupková Markéta , Svobodová Hana
Published: June 2020

The aim of the article is to evaluate the subjective aspects of the quality of life and local conditions for living in the area of the Local action group Podhůří Železných hor. In order to achieve this goal, a questionnaire survey was conducted. Also interviews with selected actors and discussion meetings with the public were used. where participatory methods of public involvement were used. Participatory methods of public participation were useful in the discussion meetings. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods was used. Standard methods were used for evaluation - basic statistical and thematic analysis. Thanks to the used methods, the local context was included in the evaluation. The highest rated area was nature and natural environment. Conversely, interpersonal relationships were the worst rated. According to the results, most need to improve are non-motorized transport and social services for seniors.
Pozice romského poradce jako příklad regionální disparity romské integrace v České republice
Authors: Hušek Petr
Published: June 2020

The paper focuses on regional disparities in ensuring the delegated powers of exercising the rights of Roma minority, specifically on the position of Roma adviser in municipalities with extended powers. Available data, national documents, policy papers are starting point for analysis of changing institutional back-up of the position of Roma adviser as a tool for ensuring the integration of the Roma minority at the regional level. Subsequently, there is a comparison of regional disparities in the positions of Roma advisor at the regional level. Reasons for observed disparities are identified in the persistent legislative vacuum, which arose after the abolition of district councils accompanied by the transfer of the delegated powers of exercising the rights of members of the Roma community to the municipalities with extended powers. Regional authorities are unable to enforce the establishment of the position of Roma advisor in municipalities with extended powers. Therefore, many municipalities prefer to not have any Roma advisor at all, or mostly Roma advisor became part time-job. Sometimes reluctance to ensure the Roma integration agenda by municipalities is on rise, which we can finally be seen on the three main types of argumentation lines used to defend the non-existence of the position of Roma advisor in the administrative architecture of municipalities.
Komparace metod analýzy rizik pro hodnocení bezpečnostních hrozeb lokalit brownfields
Authors: Šilhánková Vladimíra , Netíková Květa
Published: June 2020

Very few works have been devoted so far to assess the threat to brownfields by means of risk analysis. The aim of this thesis is therefore to compare selected methods of risk analysis and subsequent evaluation of their application in the assessment of security threats to brownfields as well. The assessment was performed by analyzing security threats on a selected sample of brownfields in the municipality with extended powers - Slaný, which are larger than 1 ha. There were applied four selected methods of risk analysis (DELPHI, What-If, PNH and methods of special estimates) and their comparison and evaluation of their possible application for the assessment of security threats to brownfields. Based on the performed comparative analysis, it turns out that the DELPHI and What-If methods are suitable for the analysis and could also be the primary methods for defining the relevance of threats in localities. The PNH method requires a more accurate method. Moreover, it assumes higher demands on the acquisition of input data, so its application is convenient for advanced analyses. Additionally, the method of special estimates does not seem to be very appropriate.
Vesnice jako spontánně vzniklá biocentra a zásobníky biodiverzity v současné české zemědělské krajině
Authors: Pondělíček Michael , Šilhánková Vladimíra
Published: June 2020

Villages and their functions in the landscape have changed significantly, and the 21st century has brought with it a number of problems in the functioning of village settlements and the rural landscape. The aim of the paper is to analyze the role of the current village in the landscape and biodiversity in the landscape and to outline the possibilities of its functioning in this system and its further development. The work is processed mainly by means of the method of terrain and local surveys. The analysis shows that throughout the 20th century the possibilities of animal and plant move in the landscape decreased and diversity in the form of gardens, cemeteries, parks and other green formations was concentrated in settlements and their immediate vicinity. Contemporary villages and smaller towns have already had a relatively stabilized strip of greenery around them, which was created together with ensuring a quality environment (e.g., soundproofing or sun elimination). This, on the other hand, allowed animals that had not been common in settlements to move into villages. To our surprise, the villages become a treasure trove of biodiversity and the preservation of fragments of important habitats from previous stages of development. The care of intra-settlement greenery thus faces a new, as yet unknown, task - how to maintain and further develop this newly created biodiversity.
Agroekosystémové služby na Slovensku
Authors: Cisková Petra
Published: June 2020

There are ecosystems in the soil that provide us with various services and functions that are irreplaceable for the human being. The soil value does not depend only on its economic benefits. The soil provides us with a variety of ecological functions that are essential for the stable environment in which we live. The aim of the paper is to assess the ability of agroecosystems to provide selected ecosystem services in the Slovak Republic. Based on selected indicators, we assess the current level of provisioning, regulating and cultural services provided by agroecosystems. Based on the assessment of the potential of agroecosystem services we create 6 indices. The main result of the paper is that the soil with high quality and potential of provisioning services in Slovakia provides a higher potential of regulating services such as water storage capacity, erosion, soil cleaning. In contrast, soil with a lower quality have a higher cultural and recreational potential.
Application and efficiency of vitrification and electrokinetic techniques in soil remediation
Authors: Siveris Wagner Luis , Vanzetto Guilherme Victor , Immich Gabriel , Thomé Antônio
Published: June 2020

The improvement of remediation processes is necessary due to the impact caused by heavy metal ions and organic ionic compounds. Due to the lack of a universal method, several factors must be evaluated before choosing a technique. Vitrification and electrokinetics are soil remediation technologies that use the electrical potential to remediate. In vitrification the contaminant is immobilized in the soil, in electrokinetics, the contaminated material is separated from the soil. This bibliographical review had as main aim to approach vitrification and electrokinetics techniques in soils remediation. This review does not intend to exhaust the subject, but to approach the principles, applicationforms, advantages, disadvantages, efficiency, costs, and the application of the most cited methods in the literature. Vitrification has proven to be a safe technique, easy to apply and with good efficiency, however highly expansive. Electrokinetics proved to be more economically workable, with a variety of applications and with high efficiency.
Reuso de águas cinzas: estudo de caso da eficiência de dois tipos de filtros intermitentes de areia no tratamento de água cinza sintética
Authors: Alcântara Taís Carolina de Oliveira , Silva Emerson Renato Maciel da , Siqueira Caio César Barbosa de , Fernandes Laryssa Barbosa , McCreanor Philip Terrence , Barbosa Ivan Carlos da Costa
Published: June 2020

A água é um recurso renovável e limitado, no entanto sua potabilidade constitui-se um fator imprescindível, visto que devido ao aumento da população de forma desordenada atrelado ao uso indiscriminado de tal recurso promoveu uma ameaça à qualidade da mesma. Afim de buscar soluções simples, sustentáveis e com baixo custo, diversos países, como Estados Unidos, Japão e alguns países europeus tem estudado formas viáveis para tratar os diferentes tipos de efluentes, principalmente o doméstico, ganhando visibilidade a reutilização de águas cinzas. Este trabalho foi realizado nos Estados Unidos, em Macon – GA, e teve como objetivo criar dois grupos de filtros intermitentes de areia e analisar sua eficiência no tratamento de água cinza sintética, avaliando os parâmetros químicos de DBO e DQO, e partir dos resultados verificar a viabilidade para reuso urbano não potável e incentivando, através dos resultados, um tipo de estudo promissor para realização no Brasil. O estudo apresentou resultados satisfatórios quanto aos aspectos químicos analisados, atuando na redução da DBO e DQO com eficiência acima de 90% para o grupo 1 e acima de 80% para o grupo 2, além de ter apresentado filtros de efluente com valores médios de DBO aceitáveis, segundo a legislação prevista pela USEPA.