bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Midfrequency acoustic propagation and reverberation in a deep ice-covered Arctic ocean
Authors: Ivakin Anatoliy N. , Williams Kevin L.
Published: August 2022

A model-based analysis of sound transmission in a deep ice-covered Arctic ocean recorded during the Ice Experiment 2014 is presented. A source of opportunity transmitted mid-frequency (3500 Hz) 5 s duration continuous wave pulses. The source and receiver were omnidirectional, located under ice at a ∼30 m depth at a ∼719 m distance from each other. Recorded acoustic intensity time series showed a clear direct blast signal followed by an about 30 s duration reverberation coda. The model considers several types of arrivals contributing to the received signal at different time intervals. The direct signal, corresponding to a short-range nearly horizontal propagation, is strongly affected by the presence of a weak near-surface (within 50 m depth) acoustic channel. Reverberation coda that follows the direct signal corresponds to medium-range bottom- and ice-bounced arrivals from steep angles which are controlled by reflectivity and scattering strengths of ice and bottom, their physical properties, and acoustical parameters.
Coaches’ Experience of the “Gaelic4Teens” Program in Ireland
Authors: O’Brien Wesley , Hogan Irene , Coppinger Tara
Published: August 2022

This paper examines Irish volunteer coaches’ experiences of the content and delivery of the “Gaelic4Teens” coach education initiative, and further seeks to evaluate if participants coaching behavior changed as a result. The Gaelic4Teens program aims to help coaches better understand the female teenage participant through enhancing the coach–athlete relationship, which in turn, seeks to help retain young females in the sport. Qualitative data were gathered over a 16-week period from August to November 2020 and comprised of pre and post online focus groups with eight (three females and five males) volunteer coaches; one from each of the eight rural community sport settings (n = 8) in Ireland. Findings revealed that the coach education program had a meaningful impact on coaches’ abilities to competently work with female adolescents. Specifically, the Gaelic4Teens program is effective as a blended learning coach education program that encouraged a coaching environment that empowered the female athletes. Further analysis, with additional stakeholder input, is warranted to ascertain its long-term effectiveness.
GPNMB confers risk for Parkinson’s disease through interaction with α-synuclein
Authors: Diaz-Ortiz Maria E. , Seo Yunji , Posavi Marijan , Carceles Cordon Marc , Clark Elisia , Jain Nimansha , Charan Rakshita , Gallagher Michael D. , Unger Travis L. , Amari Noor , Skrinak R. Tyler , Davila-Rivera Roseanne , Brody Eliza M. , Han Noah , Zack Rebecca , Van Deerlin Vivianna M. , Tropea Thomas F. , Luk Kelvin C. , Lee Edward B. , Weintraub Daniel , Chen-Plotkin Alice S.
Published: August 2022

Many risk loci for Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs), but target genes and mechanisms remain largely unknown. We linked the GWAS-derived chromosome 7 locus (sentinel single-nucleotide polymorphism rs199347) to
GPNMB
through colocalization analyses of expression quantitative trait locus and PD risk signals, confirmed by allele-specific expression studies in the human brain. In cells, glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) coimmunoprecipitated and colocalized with α-synuclein (aSyn). In induced pluripotent stem cell–derived neurons, loss of
GPNMB
resulted in loss of ability to internalize aSyn fibrils and develop aSyn pathology. In 731 PD and 59 control biosamples, GPNMB was elevated in PD plasma, associating with disease severity. Thus,
GPNMB
represents a PD risk gene with potential for biomarker development and therapeutic targeting.
Response to Comment on “The missing ocean plastic sink: Gone with the rivers”
Authors: Weiss Lisa , Ludwig Wolfgang
Published: August 2022

Mai
et al
. are mistaken in their assertions that we incorrectly calculated the residence time for floating microplastic stock at the ocean surface, and that most of our results are not novel. Their claim that our field-measured data and methods were not rigorous is wrong, as shown by a more careful consideration of what was done.
Research and policy for the food-delivery revolution
Authors: Meemken Eva-Marie , Bellemare Marc F. , Reardon Thomas , Vargas Carolina M.
Published: August 2022

Implications for nutrition, environment, and work may be considerable
Nanocrystals with metastable high-pressure phases under ambient conditions
Authors: Xiao Tianyuan , Nagaoka Yasutaka , Wang Xirui , Jiang Tian , LaMontagne Derek , Zhang Qiang , Cao Can , Diao Xizheng , Qiu Jiahua , Lu Yiruo , Wang Zhongwu , Cao Y. Charles
Published: August 2022

The ambient metastability of the rock-salt phase in well-defined model systems comprising nanospheres or nanorods of cadmium selenide, cadmium sulfide, or both was investigated as a function of composition, initial crystal phase, particle structure, shape, surface functionalization, and ordering level of their assemblies. Our experiments show that these nanocrystal systems exhibit ligand-tailorable reversibility in the rock salt–to–zinc blende solid-phase transformation. Interparticle sintering was used to engineer kinetic barriers in the phase transformation to produce ambient-pressure metastable rock-salt structures in a controllable manner. Interconnected nanocrystal networks were identified as an essential structure that hosted metastable high-energy phases at ambient conditions. These findings suggest general rules for transformation-barrier engineering that are useful in the rational design of next-generation materials.
Taking the “F” out of forever chemicals
Authors: Joudan Shira , Lundgren Rylan J.
Published: August 2022

The right solvent mix breaks down perfluorinated organic acids
The myth of meritocracy in scientific institutions
Misconceiving Merit
Mary Blair-Loy and Erin A. Cech
University of Chicago Press, 2022. 232 pp.
Authors: Hing Leanne Son
Published: August 2022

Inaccurate ideas about objectivity and merit perpetuate biases and inequality in academia
Semiconductors flex thermoelectric power
Authors: Hou Chengyi , Zhu Meifang
Published: August 2022

Ductile inorganic semiconductors can help enable self-powered wearable electronics
China rises to first place in one key metric of research impact
Authors: Brainard Jeffrey , Normile Dennis
Published: August 2022

Other methods still put the United States somewhat ahead
A Conundrum of r-Protein Stability: Unbalanced Stoichiometry of r-Proteins during Stationary Phase in Escherichia coli
Authors: Reier Kaspar , Lahtvee Petri-Jaan , Liiv Aivar , Remme Jaanus
Published: August 2022

Ribosome degradation has been extensively described from the viewpoint of its main component, rRNA. Here, we aim to complement our knowledge by quantitatively analyzing r-protein degradation and stability both in the ribosomes and in the whole-cell proteome during stationary phase in
E. coli
. r-proteins are considered to be very stable in the proteome.
Drug Resistance and Evolvability in an Emerging Human Fungal Pathogen
Authors: Billmyre R. Blake
Published: August 2022

Over the past decade,
Candida auris
has emerged as a highly transmissible human fungal pathogen. Because of its ability to transmit between patients in hospitals and its ability to rapidly develop drug resistance,
C. auris
presents unique challenges.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Streptomyces
sp. Strain ICN903, Isolated from a Seaweed
Authors: Sam Albert Joshua , Nallathambi Sangeetha , Vincent Samuel Gnana Prakash
Published: August 2022

Here, we report the whole-genome sequence of the actinomycete
Streptomyces
sp. strain ICN903, which was isolated from seaweed of the genus
Botryocladia
. The whole-genome assembly contained 6,122,654 bp with 73% GC content. In total, 19 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), including polyketides and terpenes, were predicted within the sequenced genome.
Bacillus megaterium HgT21: a Promising Metal Multiresistant Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria for Soil Biorestoration
Authors: Guzmán-Moreno Jesús , García-Ortega Luis Fernando , Torres-Saucedo Lilia , Rivas-Noriega Paulina , Ramírez-Santoyo Rosa María , Sánchez-Calderón Lenin , Quiroz-Serrano Iliana Noemi , Vidales-Rodríguez Luz Elena
Published: August 2022

Metal-polluted environments are natural sources of a wide variety of PGPB adapted to cope with toxic metal concentrations. In this work, the bacterial strain
Bacillus megaterium
HgT21 was isolated from metal-contaminated soil and is proposed as a model for the study of metal multiresistance in spore-forming Gram-positive bacteria due to the presence of a variety of metal resistance-associated genes similar to those encountered in the metal multiresistant Gram-negative
Cupriavidus metallidurans
CH34.
Tumor Progression Locus 2 Protects against Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Influenza A Virus-Infected Mice
Authors: Latha Krishna , Rao Sanjana , Sakamoto Kaori , Watford Wendy T.
Published: August 2022

This study demonstrates the protective role of the serine-threonine mitogen-activated protein kinase, Tpl2, in influenza virus pathogenesis and reveals that host Tpl2 deficiency is sufficient to convert a low-pathogenicity influenza A virus infection into severe influenza disease that resembles ARDS, both histopathologically and transcriptionally. The IAV-infected

Tpl2
−/−

mouse thereby represents a novel murine model for studying ARDS-like disease that could improve our understanding of this aggressive disease and assist in the design of better diagnostics and treatments.
Assessment of the Performance of the Aptima Bacterial Vaginosis Assay Over a 3-Month Period in a French Hospital
Authors: Ruffier d’Epenoux L. , Tessier E. , Guillouzouic A. , Fayoux E. , Bourigault C. , Bémer P. , Corvec S.
Published: August 2022

The possibility exists of the involvement of a new molecular test in the routine algorithm of bacterial vaginosis diagnosis in microbiology laboratories. This manuscript reports on our experience, and we propose an organization combining Nugent scoring and molecular testing, especially for intermediate Nugent scores.
A Pilot Study: the Development of a Facility-Associated Microbiome and Its Association with the Presence of
Listeria
Spp. in One Small Meat Processing Facility
Authors: Belk Aeriel D. , Frazier A. Nathan , Fuerniss Luke K. , Delmore Robert , Belk Keith , Borlee Brad , Geornaras Ifigenia , Martin Jennifer N. , Metcalf Jessica L.
Published: August 2022

This study provides critical knowledge to improve meat safety and quality from small meat processing facilities. Principally, it demonstrates the importance of facility design and room condition to the development of important microbial communities; temperature, sanitation regimen, and physical barriers all influence the ability of microorganisms to join the stable core community.
Development of a Bicistronic Yellow Fever Live Attenuated Vaccine with Reduced Neurovirulence and Viscerotropism
Authors: Wang Hong-Jiang , Guo Yan , He Meng-Jiao , Liu Zhong-Yu , Ye Qing , Huang Xing-Yao , Deng Yong-Qiang , Li Xiao-Feng , Qin Cheng-Feng
Published: August 2022

Yellow fever (YF) continually spreads and causes epidemics around the world, posing a great threat to human health. The YF live attenuated vaccine 17D is considered the most efficient vaccine available and helps to successfully control disease epidemics.
Primary bone destruction and extracranial metastases in an atypical glioblastoma with sarcomatoid features
Authors: Smaal Johanna A , Postma Alida A , Beckervordersandforth Jan , Anten Monique
Published: August 2022

A man in his early 40s was referred to the neurology department with headache, hemianopsia and a palpable fluctuating mass on the back of his head. Investigations revealed a right-sided parieto-occipital mass with involvement of dura, bone and subcutaneous tissue. After debulking, pathological examination revealed a primary high-grade glioma with sarcomatoid features and a small-cell component. Concurrent chemoradiation was initiated. 10 weeks postoperatively, symptomatic bone metastases were diagnosed. During the clinical course, local and systemic treatment was consecutively administered, in order to control both primary tumour site and metastatic lesions. Due to progression of both intracranial and extracranial tumour load treatment was eventually discontinued; the patient passed away 28 months after initial presentation. The combination of a high-grade glioma with local destruction of the skull and subsequent metastasis is extremely rare and, when these features do occur, warrant a tailored approach to control both intracranial and extracranial tumour load.
Patent ductus arteriosus in a late preterm neonate: think congenital hypopituitarism
Authors: Kwan Rui , Vasanwala Rashida Farhad , Baral Vijayendra Ranjan
Published: August 2022

A late preterm female neonate presented with initial respiratory distress and heart murmur attributed to a haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) not responding to two courses of ibuprofen. Thyroid function performed for prolonged neonatal jaundice at 3 weeks of life suggested central hypothyroidism. Subsequent adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test showing hypocortisolism and MRI revealing adenohypophysis hypoplasia confirmed the diagnosis of congenital hypopituitarism (CH). Commencement of hydrocortisone followed by thyroxine replacement coincided with clinical closure of the hsPDA within 72 hours of treatment. Hypothyroidism and hypocortisolism may have contributed to persistent hsPDA. Thyroid hormone increases cytochrome P450 activity, endothelin-1 and fibronectin expression. Hydrocortisone decreases sensitivity of ductus arteriosus to PGE2. These mechanisms have been postulated to cause ductal constriction and closure. Our case supports this association. hsPDA in a term and near-term neonate with a protracted disease course or associated midline defects should prompt the clinician to suspect CH (hypothyroidism and/or hypocortisolism).
Effectiveness of an intervention for reducing sitting time and improving health in office workers: three arm cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Edwardson Charlotte L , Biddle Stuart J H , Clemes Stacy A , Davies Melanie J , Dunstan David W , Eborall Helen , Granat Malcolm H , Gray Laura J , Healy Genevieve N , Jaicim Nishal Bhupendra , Lawton Sarah , Maylor Benjamin D , Munir Fehmidah , Richardson Gerry , Yates Thomas , Clarke-Cornwell Alexandra M
Published: August 2022

Objectives

To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention, with and without a height adjustable desk, on daily sitting time, and to investigate the relative effectiveness of the two interventions, and the effectiveness of both interventions on physical behaviours and physical, biochemical, psychological, and work related health and performance outcomes.

Design

Cluster three arm randomised controlled trial with follow-up at three and 12 months.

Setting

Local government councils in Leicester, Liverpool, and Greater Manchester, UK.

Participants

78 clusters including 756 desk based employees in defined offices, departments, or teams from two councils in Leicester, three in Greater Manchester, and one in Liverpool.

Interventions

Clusters were randomised to one of three conditions: the SMART Work and Life (SWAL) intervention, the SWAL intervention with a height adjustable desk (SWAL plus desk), or control (usual practice).

Main outcomes measures

The primary outcome measure was daily sitting time, assessed by accelerometry, at 12 month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were accelerometer assessed sitting, prolonged sitting, standing and stepping time, and physical activity calculated over any valid day, work hours, workdays, and non-workdays, self-reported lifestyle behaviours, musculoskeletal problems, cardiometabolic health markers, work related health and performance, fatigue, and psychological measures.

Results

Mean age of participants was 44.7 years, 72.4% (n=547) were women, and 74.9% (n=566) were white. Daily sitting time at 12 months was significantly lower in the intervention groups (SWAL −22.2 min/day, 95% confidence interval −38.8 to −5.7 min/day, P=0.003; SWAL plus desk −63.7 min/day, −80.1 to −47.4 min/day, P<0.001) compared with the control group. The SWAL plus desk intervention was found to be more effective than SWAL at changing sitting time (−41.7 min/day, −56.3 to −27.0 min/day, P<0.001). Favourable differences in sitting and prolonged sitting time at three and 12 month follow-ups for both intervention groups and for standing time for the SWAL plus desk group were observed during work hours and on workdays. Both intervention groups were associated with small improvements in stress, wellbeing, and vigour, and the SWAL plus desk group was associated with improvements in pain in the lower extremity, social norms for sitting and standing at work, and support.

Conclusions

Both SWAL and SWAL plus desk were associated with a reduction in sitting time, although the addition of a height adjustable desk was found to be threefold more effective.

Trial registration

ISRCTN RegistryISRCTN11618007.
More than just oral PrEP: exploring interest in rectal douche, dissolvable implant, removable implant and injection HIV prevention approaches among racially diverse men who have sex with men in the Northeast Corridor
Authors: Martinez Omar , Levine Ethan , Munoz-Laboy Miguel , Carballo-Diéguez Alex , Bauermeister José Arturo , Chacon Alexi , Jacobson Jeffrey , Bettiker Robert , Sutton Madeline , Rudolph Abby E , Wu Elwin , Rhodes Scott D , Tanner Amanda E , Mann Lilli , Valentin Omar , Ilarraza Ariel , Pardes Mariana , Davison Robin , Fernandez Maria Isabel
Published: August 2022

Objectives

HIV scholars and practitioners have worked to expand strategies for prevention among marginalised populations who are disproportionately impacted by the epidemic, such as racial minority men who have sex with men (MSM). Given this urgency, the objective of this study was to assess interest in biomedical prevention strategies.

Methods

This exploratory and cross-sectional study investigated interest in four biomedical prevention tools—rectal douche, dissolvable implant, removable implant and injection—among a racially diverse sample of MSM from the Northeast Corridor region between Philadelphia and Trenton. Data were collected as part of screening for Connecting Latinos en Pareja, a couples-based HIV prevention intervention for Latino MSM and their partners.

Results

A total of 381 individuals participated in the screener and provided information about their interest in bio tools. Approximately 26% of participants identified as black, 28% as white and 42% as ‘other’ or multiracial; 49% identified as Latino. Majority (54%) reported some form of child sexual abuse. Of the participants who reported being in a primary relationship (n=217), two-thirds reported unprotected anal sex within that relationship over the past 90 days (n=138, 64%) and approximately half (n=117, 54%) reported unprotected anal sex outside of the relationship in this period. Majority of participants reported interest in all bio tools assessed, including dissolvable implants (60%), removable implants (64%), rectal douching (79%) and injection (79%). Although interest in bio tools was broadly unassociated with demographics and sexual risk behaviours, analyses revealed significant associations between reports of child sexual abuse and interest in implant and injection methods.

Conclusions

The authors recommend investing in these prevention methods, particularly rectal douching and injection, as a means of preventing HIV among racial minority MSM. Given the interest in biomedical prevention tools, future studies should explore potential strategies for adherence.
Heart rate, oxygen uptake, and energy expenditure response of an SL3 class parabadminton athlete to a progressive test and simulated training session: a case study
Authors: Oliveira Saulo F.M. , Oliveira José Igor V. , Haiachi Marcelo , Felder Hanno
Published: August 2022

This investigation demonstrated a routine of evaluation and training of an athlete of the SL3 class of parabadminton for 2 days continuously monitored by a metabolic analyzer with measurements of oxygen consumption (V̇O2), carbon dioxide production, and heart rate (HR). The results showed HR and V̇O2 responses varying between 50% and 99.54% of HRmax (mean HR 80.92 bpm), and 6% and 104% (mean V̇O2 35.25 mL/kg/min) of V̇O2max, during the simulated game. The exercise test and the simulated training session showed significant changes in HR and V̇O2, reinforcing the need for considerable energy input to training and assessment.
Driving the new generation histone deacetylase inhibitors in cancer therapy; manipulation of the histone abbreviation at the epigenetic level: an in-silico approach
Authors: Dushanan R. , Weerasinghe S. , Dissanayake D.P. , Senthilnithy R.
Published: August 2022

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is an enzyme that deacetylates the histone protein by removing the acetyl group from the lysine residues. The overexpression of the HDAC enzyme alters the gene expressions and causes cancer development in the human body. The inhibition of HDAC is an excellent therapeutic way in current cancer therapy. In this regard, various inhibitors were selected, and the inhibitory potential of these inhibitors was examined by molecular dynamics (MD) simulation followed by trajectory analysis and binding energy calculations. The selected clinical trial II and III phase inhibitors are TSA (trichostatin-A), TFMK (trifluoromethyl-ketone-9,9,9-trifluoro-8-oxo- N-phenylnonanamide), AKA (alpha-ketoamide- N-cyclohexyl- N-methyl-2-oxononanediamide), ITF2357 (givinostat), MS275 (entinostat), CI994 (tacedinaline), and SAHA (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid). This computational study examines the atomic level description of the drug binding site on the HDLP enzyme and investigates the interaction of the HDAC inhibitors with the amino acid residues attached to the active site of the histone deacetylase-like protein (HDLP). Root-mean-square deviation, radius of gyration, hydrogen bond analysis, MM-PBSA, linear interaction energy (LIE), and semi-LIE calculations have revealed that the HDLP enzyme is more stabilized when bound to TSA, ITF2357, and reference inhibitor SAHA. It was observed that the hydroxamic acid family inhibitors have more potent in inhibiting the HDLP enzyme than the benzamide and ketone families. The inhibitory efficacy of TSA and ITF2357 is much similar to that of SAHA. Therefore, these HDAC inhibitors have the potential to be used in future clinical practices for cancer-related treatments. The knowledge gathered from this study could also lead to discovering new HDAC inhibitors for clinical research.
Temporal variation in skin microbiota of cohabitating amphibians
Authors: Kruger Ariel , Roth Spencer
Published: August 2022

Temporal changes and transmission patterns in host-associated microbial communities have important implications for host health. The diversity of amphibian skin microbial communities is associated with disease outcome in amphibians exposed to the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). To successfully develop conservation strategies against Bd, we need a comprehensive understanding of how skin microbes are maintained and transmitted over time within populations. We used 16S rRNA sequence analysis to compare Epipedobates anthonyi frogs housed with one conspecific to frogs housed singly at four time points over the course of 1 year. We found that both α and β diversity of frog skin bacterial communities changed significantly over the course of the experiment. Specifically, we found that bacterial communities of cohabitating frogs became more similar over time. We also observed that some bacterial taxa were differentially abundant between frogs housed singly and frogs housed with a conspecific. These results suggest that conspecific contact may play a role in mediating amphibian skin microbial diversity and that turnover of skin microbial communities can occur across time. Our findings provide rationale for future studies exploring horizontal transmission as a potential mechanism of host-associated microbial maintenance in amphibians.
Faddeev fixed-center approximation to the $$D\bar{D}K$$ system and the hidden charm $$K_{c\bar{c}}(4180)$$ state
Authors: Wei Xiang , Shen Qing-Hua , Xie Ju-Jun
Published: August 2022

We perform a theoretical study on the $$D\bar{D}K$$

D

D

¯

K

three body system, using the fixed center approximation to the Faddeev equations, considering the interaction between D and K, D and $$\bar{D}$$

D

¯

from the chiral unitary approach. We assume the scattering of K meson on a clusterized system $$D\bar{D}$$

D

D

¯

, where a scalar meson X(3720) could be formed. Thanks to the strong DK interaction, where the scalar $$D^*_{s0}(2317)$$

D

s
0

∗

(
2317
)

meson is dynamically generated, a resonance structure shows up in the modulus squared of the three body K-$$(D\bar{D})_{X(3720)}$$

(
D

D

¯

)

X
(
3720
)

scattering amplitude and supports that a $$D\bar{D}K$$

D

D

¯

K

bound state can be formed. The result is in agreement with previous theoretical studies, which claim a new excited hidden charm K meson, $$K_{c\bar{c}}(4180)$$

K

c

c

¯

(
4180
)

with quantum numbers $$I(J^P) = \frac{1}{2}(0^-)$$

I

(

J
P

)

=

1
2

(

0
-

)

and mass about 4180 MeV. It is expected that these theoretical results motivate its search in experimental measurements.
Medium modification of the nucleon mechanical properties: Abel tomography case
Authors: Kim June-Young , Yakhshiev Ulugbek , Kim Hyun-Chul
Published: August 2022

We investigate how the gravitational form factors of the nucleon undergo changes in nuclear matter, emphasizing the Abel transformation from the three-dimensional (3D) Breit frame to the two-dimensional (2D) light-front frame. Since the gravitational form factors reveal the mechanical structure of the nucleon, we examine also the medium modifications of the energy–momentum, pressure, and shear-force distributions. We scrutinize the stabilities of the nucleon in nuclear matter. For this purpose, we employ the in-medium modified SU(2) Skyrme model to study these mechanical quantities of the nucleon, since it provides a simple but clear framework. In this in-medium modified SU(2) Skyrme model, the modification of pionic properties is performed by using low-energy pion-nucleus scattering data and the saturation properties of nuclear matter near the normal nuclear matter density, $$\rho _0=0.5m_\pi ^3$$

ρ
0

=
0.5

m
π
3

. The results reveal how the nucleon swells in nuclear matter as the mass distribution of the nucleon is broadened in medium. We also show that the mean square radii corresponding to the mass and angular momentum distributions increase in nuclear medium. This feature is kept both in 3D and 2D cases. We visualize how the strong force fields inside the nucleon in the 2D plane are distributed and illustrate how these forces undergo change in nuclear matter.
Modified dispersion relations and a potential explanation of the EDGES anomaly
Authors: Das Saurya , Fridman Mitja , Lambiase Gaetano , Stabile Antonio , Vagenas Elias C.
Published: August 2022

The Experiment to Detect the Global Epoch of Reionisation Signature (EDGES) collaboration has recently reported an important result related to the absorption signal in the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation spectrum. This signal corresponds to the red-shifted 21-cm line at $$z \simeq 17.2$$

z
≃
17.2

, whose amplitude is about twice the expected value. This represents a deviation of approximately $$3.8\sigma $$

3.8
σ

from the predictions of the standard model of cosmology, i.e. the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM model. This opens a window for testing new physics beyond both the standard model of particle physics and the $$\Lambda $$
Λ
CDM model. In this work, we explore the possibility of explaining the EDGES anomaly in terms of modified dispersion relations. The latter are typically induced in unified theories and theories of quantum gravity, such as String/M-theories and Loop Quantum Gravity. These modified dispersion relations affect the density of states per unit volume and thus the thermal spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background photons. The temperature of the 21-cm brightness temperature is modified accordingly giving a potential explanation of the EDGES anomaly.
An explanation of experimental data of $$(g-2)_{e,\mu }$$ in 3-3-1 models with inverse seesaw neutrinos
Authors: Hue L. T. , Phan Khiem Hong , Nguyen T. Phong , Long H. N. , Hung H. T.
Published: August 2022

We show that the anomalous magnetic moment experimental data of muon and electron$$(g-2)_{\mu ,e}$$(g-2)μ,ecan be explained simultaneously in simple extensions of the 3-3-1 models consisting of new heavy neutrinos and a singly charged Higgs boson. The heavy neutrinos generate active neutrino masses and mixing through the general seesaw mechanism. They also have non-zero Yukawa couplings with singly charged Higgs bosons and right-handed charged leptons, which result in large one-loop contributions known aschirally-enhancedones. Numerical investigation confirms a conclusion indicated previously that these contributions are the key point to explain the large$$(g-2)_{\mu ,e}$$(g-2)μ,edata, provided that the inverse seesaw mechanism is necessary to allow both conditions that heavy neutrino masses are above few hundred GeV and non-unitary part of the active neutrino mixing matrix must be large enough.
About this title - Enabling Secure Subsurface Storage in Future Energy Systems
Authors: Miocic J. M. , Heinemann N. , Edlmann K. , Alcalde J. , Schultz R. A.
Published: August 2022

The subsurface storage of energy and carbon dioxide in geological formations will be key for the transition towards a low-carbon energy system. In this book, recent developments of subsurface storage of renewable energy vectors and CO
2
are presented and knowledge gaps discussed.
The lonidamine derivative H2-gamendazole reduces cyst formation in polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Sundar Shirin V. , Zhou Julie Xia , Magenheimer Brenda S. , Reif Gail A. , Wallace Darren P. , Georg Gunda I. , Jakkaraj Sudhakar R. , Tash Joseph S. , Yu Alan S.L. , Li Xiaogang , Calvet James P.
Published: August 2022

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a renal neoplastic disorder characterized by the formation of large fluid-filled cysts that develop from kidney tubules through abnormal cell proliferation and cyst-filling fluid secretion driven by cAMP-dependent Cl− secretion. This study shows that the lonidamine derivative H2-GMZ inhibits Cl− secretion, cell proliferation, and cyst growth, suggesting that it might have therapeutic value for the treatment of ADPKD.
Aristolochic acid-induced nephropathy is attenuated in mice lacking the neutral amino acid transporter B0AT1 (Slc6a19)
Authors: Navarro Garrido Aleix , Kim Young Chul , Oe Yuji , Zhang Haiyan , Crespo-Masip Maria , Goodluck Helen A. , Kanoo Sadhana , Sanders Paul W. , Bröer Stefan , Vallon Volker
Published: August 2022

Based on insights from studies manipulating glucose transport, the hypothesis has been proposed that inhibiting intestinal uptake or renal reabsorption of energy substrates has unique therapeutic potential to improve metabolic disease and kidney outcome in response to injury. The present study takes this idea to B0AT1, the major transporter for neutral amino acids in the intestine and kidney, and shows that its absence attenuates aristolochic acid-induced nephropathy.
The Prognostic Value of AT-Rich Interaction Domain (ARID) Family Members in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li Siyi , Wu Zhulin , Li Qiuyue , Liang Qiting , Zhou Hengli , Shi Yafei , Zhang Rong , Pan Huafeng
Published: August 2022

Objective. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal malignancies with a poor prognosis. The AT-rich interaction domain (ARID) family plays an essential regulatory role in the pathogenesis and progression of cancers. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value and clinical significance of human ARID family genes in HCC. Methods. ONCOMINE and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases were employed to retrieve ARIDs expression profile and clinicopathological information of HCC. Kaplan–Meier plotter and MethSurv were applied to the survival analysis of patients with HCC. CBioPortal was used to analyze genetic mutations of ARIDs. Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and Metascape were used to perform hub gene identification and functional enrichment. Results. Expression levels of 11 ARIDs were upregulated in HCC, and 2 ARIDs were downregulated. Also, 4 ARIDs and 5 ARIDs were correlated with pathologic stages and histologic grades, respectively. Furthermore, higher expression of ARID1A, ARID1B, ARID2, ARID3A, ARID3B, ARID5B, KDM5A, KDM5B, KDM5C, and JARID2 was remarkably correlated with worse overall survival of patients with HCC, and the high ARID3C/KDM5D expression was related to longer overall survival. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that ARID3A, KDM5C, and KDM5D were independent risk factors for HCC prognosis. Moreover, ARIDs mutations and 127 CpGs methylation in all ARIDs were observed to be significantly associated with the prognosis of HCC patients. Besides, our data showed that ARIDs could regulate tumor-related pathways and distinct immune cells in the HCC microenvironment. Conclusions. ARIDs present the potential prognostic value for HCC. Our findings suggest that ARID3A, KDM5C, and KDM5D may be the prognostic biomarkers for patients with HCC.
Effects and Action Mechanism of Huoxue Tongluo Formula on the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps
Authors: Zhou Xiaoli , Liao Weixiang , Peng Wei , Xie Tingting , Yin Qianlu , Zheng Yuhang
Published: August 2022

Excessive infiltration and uncontrolled activation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are likely to destroy normal tissue architecture and cause uncontrolled inflammation. The present research attempted to screen potential signaling pathways of Huoxue Tongluo Formula (HXTLF) affecting the formation of NETs using network pharmacology technique. Active chemical components of HXTLF and therapeutic targets related to vasculitis were screened, and a chemical components-targets network diagram of HXTLF was constructed by Cytoscape. Finally, the inhibitory effect and mechanism of HXTLF on the formation of NETs were explored in vitro using LPS-induced NETs. Immunofluorescence and Western blot were conducted to determine the protein fluorescence intensity and relative expression. The experimental results illustrated that HXTLF mediated the expression levels of H3Cit and myeloperoxidase (MPO) protein in neutrophils activated by LPS, inhibited NETs formation, and reduced the concentration of interleukin- (IL-) 1β, a proinflammatory factor in cells. Additionally, we activated and inhibited the AKT1 signaling pathway using the corresponding activator and inhibitor to explore the regulatory mechanism of HXTLF on AKT1 and other molecules in the treatment of vasculitis. The results demonstrated that HXTLF could inhibit the phosphorylation of AKT1, IKK, and NF-κB proteins, inhibit NETs formation, and reduce IL-1β concentration, indicating that AKT1 exerts a vital role in the treatment of vasculitis after HXTLF administration. The current study initially revealed the pharmacological mechanism of HXTLF for vasculitis management using network pharmacology techniques and tests in vitro, which is expected to provide important theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of HXTLF and promoting its clinical application.
Numerical Researches of Rectangular Barge in Variable Bathymetry Based on Boussinesq‐Step Method
Authors: Su Yan
Published: August 2022

Wave responses of the rectangular barge in variable bathymetry are investigated by combining the Boussinesq‐type equations and the step method. The highly accurate Boussinesq‐type equations in terms of velocity potential are adopted for simulating the evolution of waves along the inclined beach. Hydrodynamic coefficients of a rectangular barge floating on the inclined bottom are calculated by the step method in the frequency domain. Based on the impulse response function method, the motions of the barge can be predicted in the time domain. The Haskind relation is used to reform the wave exciting forces, and the mean offset in the sway motion is also given based on the mean drift force. The wave responses of the barge at different locations along the inclined beach are measured in the experiments. Compared with experimental results, the solutions of the Boussinesq‐step method present an overall good agreement.
Effect of Chaihu Shugan Pills on the Pharmacokinetics of Duloxetine and its Metabolite 4-Hydroxyduloxetine in Beagle Dogs: A Herb-Drug Interaction Study
Authors: Bi Yun-tian , Kang Yao-ren , Woshur Ghulam , Ding Hao-zhe , Wang Shan-shan , Qiu Xiang-jun
Published: August 2022

The effect of Chaihu Shugan pills (CHSG) on the pharmacokinetics of duloxetine and its metabolite 4-hydroxyduloxetine in beagle dogs was investigated by establishing an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method to simultaneously measure the concentrations of duloxetine and 4-hydroxyduloxetine in beagle dog plasma. Duloxetine and 4-hydroxyduloxetine were separated on the UPLC-C18 column after acetonitrile precipitation and detected by mass spectrometry with multireaction detection mode (MRM). Six adult healthy beagle dogs (weighing 7–9 kg, male and female) were randomly selected and examined for a single-dose administration of duloxetine hydrochloride (2 mg/kg, control group) and oral administration of CHSG (0.3 g/kg) twice daily for 15 consecutive days followed by a single-dose administration of duloxetine hydrochloride (2 mg/kg, experimental group) using the self-control method. All plasma samples were treated in the same way, and then the concentrations of duloxetine and 4-hydroxyduloxetine were determined using the established UPLC-MS/MS method. The obtained data were subjected to DAS 2.0 software to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters, and SPSS 20.0 software was used to compare the differences between the two groups. Duloxetine and 4-hydroxyduloxetine had a good linear relationship in the ranges of 1–1000 ng/ml and 0.1–100 ng/ml, and the lower limits of quantification (LLOQ) were 1 ng/mL and 0.1 ng/ml, respectively. The precision, accuracy, extraction recovery, matrix effect, and stability meet the requirements of the guiding principles. After combination with CHSG, Cmax and AUC0⟶t of duloxetine decreased by 49.33% and 13.08%, respectively, and t1/2 was shortened to 10.17 h; Cmax and AUC0⟶t of 4-hydroxyduloxetine decreased by 71.47% and 48.78%, respectively, and t1/2 was shortened to 7.97 h. The UPLC-MS/MS method was fully developed to simultaneously measure the plasma concentration of duloxetine and its metabolite 4-hydroxyduloxetine in beagle dogs. CHSG could slow down the absorption of duloxetine, induce the metabolism of duloxetine and 4-hydroxyduloxetine in beagle dogs, and reduce plasma exposure.
The Influence of Interpersonal Trust on Rural Residents’ Willingness to Participate in Mutual Aid for the Aged: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Survey Data of Hubei and Henan Provinces
Authors: Liu Beibei , Sun Yongyong
Published: August 2022

At present, there is a huge gap between supply and demand of old-age services in rural areas of China. Developing rural mutual old-age services is of great significance to remedy the gap. Based on the survey data of 1200 rural residents in Hubei and Henan provinces, this paper adopts binary logistic regression model to analyze the influence of special trust and general trust on rural residents’ willingness to participate in mutual care for the aged. The results show that both special trust and general trust have an impact on rural residents’ willingness to participate in mutual support for the elderly, but the effect of special trust on rural residents’ willingness to participate in mutual support for the elderly is not significant. General trust has a significant promoting effect on rural residents’ willingness to participate in mutual care for the aged. Chinese rural residents’ trust in village cadres has a significant promoting effect on their willingness to participate in mutual assistance for the aged. The trust of ordinary friends significantly inhibited their willingness to participate. The educational level, living style, and economic status of Chinese rural residents have a positive impact on their willingness to participate in mutual care for the aged. Age, marital status, health status, and intergenerational relationship are inversely correlated with willingness to participate.
Double-Diffusive MHD Viscous Fluid Flow in a Porous Medium in the Presence of Cattaneo-Christov Theories
Authors: Falodun Bidemi Olumide , Omowaye Adeola John , Oyelami Funmilayo Helen , Emadifar Homan , Hamoud Ahmed A. , Atif S. M.
Published: August 2022

The Cattaneo-Christov model will be used to examine the significance of heat generation, viscous dissipation, and thermal radiation on a double-diffusive MHD flow in this study. In this study, it was discovered that heat and mass transfer can be affected by nonlinear buoyancy significance. The flow direction was subjected to a uniform magnetic field. A set of partial differential equations governs the current design (PDEs). In order to simplify these equations, they are converted into ordinary differential equations (ODEs). In order to numerically solve the nonlinear ODEs, the spectral relaxation method (SRM) is utilized. In order to decouple and linearize the equation sets, the SRM employs the Gauss-Seidel relaxation method. Geothermal power generation and underground storage systems are just a few examples where this research could be put to use. When compared to previous findings, the current outcomes were discovered to be closely related. Owing to an increase in Lorentz force, the imposed magnetic field slows down fluid motion. Viscosity dissipation and heat generation all contribute to the formation of an ever-thicker thermal boundary layer. When the Cattaneo-Christov models are used, the thermal and concentration boundary layers get a lot thicker.
Dynamic Design Quality Evaluation of Power Enterprise Digital System Based on Fuzzy Information Axiom
Authors: Wu Xinping , Geng Xinzhou , Chen Zhiyi , Dong Aidi , Li Jinchao
Published: August 2022

With the deepening of digital transformation and upgrading of power grid enterprises, the digital system evaluation method of power grid enterprises based on experts’ subjective experience has been unable to meet the management needs of modern enterprises. In this paper, a method based on fuzzy information axiom for dynamic design quality evaluation of digital system in electric power enterprises is proposed. Firstly, the electric power enterprise digital system dynamic design quality comprehensive evaluation index system is set up from three aspects, which are achievement degree of target business function, logical relation rationality, and technical economy of physical model. Secondly, the quantitative and qualitative index values are processed by using the information calculation formula of minimum information axiom and fuzzy membership function. And then best-worst method and antientropy weight method are used to form the comprehensive evaluation model. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the design scheme are verified by an example of dynamic design of digital system in power enterprise.
κ-Opioid Receptor Agonist U50448H Protects Against Acute Lung Injury in Rats with Cardiopulmonary Bypass via the CAP-NLRP3 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Gao Guang-Jie , Song Dan-Dan , Li Long , Zhao Fan , Sun Ying-Jie
Published: August 2022

Objective. Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the common and severe complications of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), which is the primary cause of death in intensive care units. Nevertheless, there is a lack of effective treatment for ALI secondary to CPB. κ-Opioid receptor (KOR) agonists have been demonstrated to improve lung function after pulmonary hypertension. However, its protective role has been barely reported in CPB-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Therefore, this research focused on the protective effect of a KOR agonist U50448H on ARDS and investigated its potential relationship with the NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Method. Forty-five rats were randomly allocated into Sham, CPB, and U50448 groups (n = 15 rats/group). After a CPB model was successfully established in rats, CPB rats were treated with the KOR agonist U50448H. The values of extravascular lung water (EVLW), alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference (AaDO2), and respiratory index (RI) were examined, and the lung wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio was also calculated. Western blot (WB) was utilized to measure the expression of MMP-9, GSDMD-C, GSDMD-N, NLRP3, ASC, pro-Caspase-1, pro-IL-1β, and α7-nAChR. The immunofluorescence assay was performed for examining the expression of ROS, F480, iNOS, CD206, and α7-nAChR. Cell apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL assay. ELISA was used to test the level of LPS in serum and the level of MDA, GSH, SOD, TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6, IL-18, and IL-1β in lung tissues. Results. It was observed that the administration of U50448H significantly reduced EVLW values and LPS levels in the lung of rats. Meanwhile, U50448H increased AaDO2 values while decreasing RI values. Moreover, the administration of U50448H alleviated the pathological damage caused by ALI secondary to CPB. U50448H repressed ROS release and oxidative stress responses, as well as lowered LPS levels in plasma and MMP-9 expression in the lung of CPB rats. Furthermore, U50448H facilitated the shift of macrophage phenotype to M2. In addition, U50448H decreased the activity of the CAP-NLRP3 inflammasome and suppressed pyroptosis in pulmonary cells. Conclusion. The KOR agonist U50448H improved lung function and relieved lung injury in CPB rats, accompanied by diminished ROS and MMP-9 levels in lung tissues, promoted macrophage polarization from M1 to M2, and reduced NLRP3 inflammasome activities. These results indicated U50448H as a promising drug for the treatment of ALI secondary to CPB.
Variation Pattern of the Stress‐Strain Curve of Concrete under Multifactor Coupling
Authors: Xie Haijian , Lv Henglin
Published: August 2022

The air shafts of coal mines contain solid, liquid, and gaseous substances that corrode concrete under conditions of relatively high temperature and humidity. The coupling of various factors decreases the concrete strength and thus the bearing capacity of the air shaft lining. In this study, concrete corrosion tests were carried out by simulating the complex environment of a coal mine air shaft lining to study the variation in the concrete stress‐strain curve. For corroded concrete specimens subjected to very low stress, the microcracks and holes were closed, generating a large deformation, indicating severe concrete corrosion. The longer the corrosion time was, the gentler the initial slope of the curve. Finally, the uniaxial compression constitutive model of corroded concrete was established based on the Weibull distribution of three parameters, and the model curve was compared with the experimental curve. This model can not only predict the change of the stress‐strain curve of high‐strength concrete in a coal mine air shaft environment but also provide theoretical reference for the application of high‐strength concrete in an air shaft environment.