bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A rare case of schwannoma of the mandibular nerve extending to parapharyngeal space managed with a preauricular trans mandibular approach
Authors: Gayathre S. P. , Kudiyarasu M. , Sethurajan S. B. , Kumar A. Senthil , Brindha S. Bala , Baskaran Aarthy , Anushya S.
Published: February 2023

Schwannoma also referred to as neurilemmoma or neurinomas arise from the Schwann cells of the autonomic nerves, peripheral nerves and cranial nerves except optic and olfactory nerves. Head and neck schwannomas account for 25 to 45% of schwannomas and the most common being vagal schwannomas and cervical sympathetic chain schwannomas. Schwannomas arising from the trigeminal nerve are rare and this case report consists of a schwannoma presenting as a left preauricular swelling involving the region of parotid extending from foramen ovale through the infratemporal fossa up to the parapharyngeal space. A combined preauricular trans mandibular approach enabled a complete excision of the tumor. Histopathological confirmation of a benign schwannoma was obtained and the patient is feeling well with minimal postoperative facial palsy with no trismus, occlusion abnormalities and no signs of recurrence on follow up.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm screening: are those at high-risk being overlooked?
Authors: Patil Sangram D. , Pillay Willy
Published: February 2023

An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is defined as enlargement of an abdominal aorta with a diameter of 3.0 cm or larger in the anteroposterior or transverse plane. In order to diagnose and treat this disease early, clinical trials were conducted to evaluate the benefits of ultrasound screening for AAA. There is enough good evidence to recommend AAA population ultrasound scan screening for men over 65 years old. Prevalence rates for AAA amongst males at age 65 detected by screening appear to be decreasing, however AAA screening continues to be cost effective. There has been emerging evidence suggesting a strong link between family history and development of AAA. The prevalence of AAA amongst family members has been higher when compared to general population. This high prevalence of AAA in the first-degree relatives provide a strong argument for aggressive approach to screening of this specific cohort.  After the latest literature review, there have been no data from a single randomised clinical trial or large nonrandomised studies published with ‘targeted USS screening’ with regards to family history of AAA. Ultrasound screening for the first-degree relatives, both male and female, of patients with AAA appears to be feasible and cost effective. A pilot study to determine the prevalence of familial AAA amongst probands and the prevalence amongst first degree relatives should identify the unmet need for AAA screening for this cohort and quantify the resources required for a sustainable screening programme.
On the kinematics of the cross body abduction and hand behind the back tests to assess osteoarthritis of the acromioclavicular joint
Authors: Arn Bethany R. , Hefzy Mohamed S. , Mustapha Abdul A. , Trease Brian
Published: February 2023

Background: Osteoarthritis of the acromioclavicular joint is one of the most common sources of shoulder pain. One of the current standard clinical physical examination tests is the cross body adduction test which has been shown to signal the presence of osteoarthritis. Another test referred to as the hand behind the back test has been described to provide a more accurate diagnosis than the CBA test for some patients. Through this work, both the CBA and the HBB tests were modeled in order to determine if there is merit for the HBB test to be used as a diagnostic tool for clinicians.
Methods: Both tests were modeled using the zygote solid 3D 50th percentile male human anatomy model and MSC-ADAMS Software to compile and run the simulations. Within MSC-ADAMS the bones were outfitted with joints. During simulation, the bones were moved from the anatomical position to the final position for each test and the corresponding minimum distances between the bones at the acromioclavicular joint were then determined.
Results: It was found that the distance between the acromioclavicular joint articulating surfaces decreased by 0.3 mm from the anatomical position during the CBA test and by 1.65 mm from the anatomical position during the HBB. This shows that the minimum space decreased from the anatomical position by more than 5 folds during the HBB test than during the CBA test.
Conclusions: These results indicate that the HBB test may be a better diagnostic test due to the greater stress and irritation it places upon the acromioclavicular joint.
Impact of surgical approach and size of femoral head in risk of dislocation post total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Belbase Rupesh Jung , Limbu Kumud , Basnet Anil Kumar , Regmi Pushpak
Published: February 2023

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is one of the orthopedic procedures that are both economical and routinely successful. THA offers dependable benefits for patients with end-stage degenerative hip osteoarthritis (OA), including pain alleviation, functional recovery, and overall better quality of life.
Methods: This was a retrospective study which was conducted on patients who visited the hospital's outpatient department received THA and also received the revisions of THA, were included. The reasons for THA were analyzed and their revisions were studied. The patients were studied according to various approaches based on the hip surgery, such as, straight lateral, anterolateral, posterolateral, and anterior and also based on the sizes divided into three groups 22-28 mm, 32 mm, and 36 mm.
Results: The posterolateral approach (n=40) was used for the majority of THAs, followed by the straight lateral (n=35), anterior (n=25), and anterolateral (n=20) approaches. 22.5% of THAs that were done with a posterolateral approach used a 36-mm head. Each reason for different size of heads have been statistically analyzed. During the six-year follow-up, this (unadjusted) risk was 1.15% for femoral heads measuring 22 to 28 mm. THA with 32-mm heads had a considerably decreased risk of revision for dislocation (0.75%), compared to 36-mm heads (0.55%).
Conclusions: The study concluded that the patients who received THA at posterolateral approach, experienced dislocations more frequently and also it has been found that the patients using 22 to 28 mm femoral head had more dislocations.
Comparison of open reduction internal fixation by lateral extensile approach versus conservative management in sanders type 2 and 3 calcaneum fractures: a prospective, two-arm, parallel group study
Authors: Tathe Pankaj V. , Garg Rohit , Sakharkar Nilesh S. , Adewar Aniket , Mithal Ayush , Atilkar Akshay J.
Published: February 2023

Background: Calcaneum bone is the most common tarsal bone to get fractured. It accounts for 50-60% of all fractured tarsal bones. Calcaneum fractures are always debilitating and are challenging and cumbersome to treat. There is a paucity of Indian studies to assess the comparative treatment outcomes of calcaneal fractures treated by non-operative conservative procedure and open reduction internal fixation by lateral extensile approach.
Methods: Adult patients with closed intra-articular calcaneum fractures of Sanders type 2 and 3 were enrolled. Patients managed by cast application (non-operative) or open reduction internal fixation (operative) were separated into two groups. The VAS score for pain, range of motion, radiological angles (Bohler’s and Crucial angle of Gissane) and parameters, functional scores American orthopedic foot and ankle society and Maryland foot score were evaluated sixth month and 1-year post-intervention and compared between the study groups. Descriptive statistics were used for statistical analysis.
Results: 29 patients managed with open reduction internal fixation (N=15) or cast application (N=14) were enrolled. The mean age of patients was 39.54±7.81 years, 22 being males and 7 females. Mean VAS score was significantly lower in the plating group at sixth month (4.31+0.69 vs. 5.01+0.66, p<0.05) but not significant at 1 year (1.25+1.09 vs. 1.86+0.77, p<0.05). Range of movements at the ankle and subtalar joints were higher in the operative group. Mean Bohler’s angle was significantly higher and Gissane’s angle lower in the operative group (p<0.05). Significantly higher AOFAS and Maryland scores were noted in the operative group (p<0.05). Subtalar arthritis with malunion was more common in the non-operative group.
Conclusions: Operative open reduction and internal fixation methods were found to be significantly better than the conservative management of calcaneus fracture based on clinical, radiological and functional outcomes. Results are most favourable    if wound complications are minimized.
Comparative study between choices of preoperative and post operative dress wear among orthopedics patients
Authors: Upadhyay Gunjan , Kumar Ashok , Rao Vikas , Brar Saurav
Published: February 2023

Background: Clothes are identity of an individual. A monk, a priest, a doctor, a lawyer etc. all can be identified by clothing. But can we identify preoperative and postoperative orthopedics patient simply by difference in clothing? Can we evaluate the reasons for this difference in clothing mainly due to hide surgical scar or may be due to comfort fit or may be due to compensation of gait abnormalities etc.
Methods: The study was conducted at Maharaja Agrasen medical college, India with a population of 1000 OPD and indoor patient for a period of 6 months from January 2022 to June 2022, with data collection and compilation for another 3 months. Our study is an observational retrospective study which discovers where pre trauma preference is for skin tight clothing like jeans, t shirt for men and skirt for girls, post trauma post operative preference shifts to loose and formal clothes like full sleeves shirt, formal pant, pajama, lungi, dhoti for men and full length skirt for girl and saree for women.
Results: Causes enlisted for such clothing was hiding surgical scar (80%), comfortable fitting (10%), to hide gait abnormalities (7%), limb length discrepancies (2%), miscellaneous (1%).
Conclusions: We claim to be first in literature to have thought and research on this wonderful topic. We claim to devise new system of surgical and non-surgical wear in post operative patients with our research. We also bring out reason for such difference in clothing and work closely with our in-house patient for preference in clothing.
Comparative study of functional outcome of distal one-third shaft tibia fractures treated with tip locking tibia nailing versus precontoured anatomical locking plate
Authors: Daruwala Siddharth H. , Kulkarni P. N. , Deokar Nikhil , Singh Vibhu Pratap
Published: February 2023

Background: The distal 1/3rd shaft tibia extra-articular fractures are treated with both tip locking intra-medullary nailing (TLIMN) and precontoured anatomical locking plates (PCALP). The aim of this study was to compare the results of TLIMN and PCALP in distal tibia fractures and to determine dominant strategies. The complications and functional outcome in both groups were compared.
Methods: Forty patients with distal 1/3rd shaft tibia were randomly assigned to TLIMN (group 1) and PCALP group (group 2). The functional outcomes were evaluated using American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Complications like infection, delayed union, non-union, malunion, hardware prominence and secondary interventions were compared.
Results: The average union time was 15.05±3.33 weeks in group 1 and 13.4±2.46 weeks in group 2 (p=0.045). The mean AOFAS score at 1 year follow up was 89.8±6.13 in group 1 and 89.1±6.15 in group 2 (p=0.262). Five patients in group 1 and one in group 2 had mal-alignment. Deep infection was present in one and superficial infection was present in two cases in group 2. Four patients in group 1 developed anterior knee pain and five patients in group 2 had hardware prominence.
Conclusions: We conclude that tip locking intra-medullary nail is a reliable and satisfactory method for treatment of fractures of distal 1/3rd shaft tibia AO type 42A, 42B and 42C fractures with good functional outcomes and high union rates with comparatively low complications. Prevalence of malunion was higher in TLIMN group and hardware prominence was more prevalent in PCALP group. Implant removal are more in PCALP group mostly due to implant irritation.
Clinical and MRI profile of patients with knee injuries and correlation of MRI with arthroscopic findings
Authors: Moorthy Janani , Radhan Prabhu , Kumar Vasantha , Thangam Vinoth , Gadiraju Balasubramanyam
Published: February 2023

Background: MRI is radiation free modality and has ability to understand the soft tissue, anatomy and musculoskeletal system pathologies. MRI has the advantage of demonstrating the cartilages, bones, soft tissue in detail. Objectives of current study were evaluation of ligaments and meniscal injuries using magnetic resonance imaging, to study the pattern and spectrum of knee injuries in relation to mechanism of injury and to correlate MRI findings with that of arthroscopic findings.
Methods: All the MRI studies were done using a 1.5T MRI scanner (Siemens Magnetom) in our department, department of radiodiagnosis, ACS medical college, Chennai. Patient taken up for arthroscopy and the arthroscopic findings were collected. The data of MRI collected was compared with arthroscopy findings.
Results: On correlation of the overall findings the sensitivity of MRI versus arthroscopy was 90.62% Specificity was 84.55% positive predictive value was 92.06%, negative predictive value was 80.00% Between them with a kappa 0.059
Conclusions: MRI of knee is considered efficacious especially in the setting of indeterminate clinical finding and can stratify patients, thereby increasing the diagnostic confidence of the clinicians leading to appropriate surgical planning and management.
Intraarticular use of tranexamic acid during primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Urumkar Surendrakumar Prathap , Hadi Syed Abdul , Marappa Girish
Published: February 2023

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is effective in reduction of blood loss after major surgical procedures. In TKA surgeries, it is commonly administered intravenously. Since there are contraindications of systemic use of TXA, local/intraarticular TXA can also be used. The efficacy of both systemic and local TXA administration is demonstrated in the literature. The aim was to assess the effect of intraarticular TXA during total knee arthroplasty in terms of total blood loss and transfusion rate.
Methods: A total of 50 TKA in 34 patients were included in this prospective study.  Patients received one dose of intraarticular TXA of 3 g after skin closure and before deflation of the tourniquet.
Results: The mean total blood loss in intra-articular TXA was 456.9 ml. None of the patients required transfusion postoperatively including those who underwent bilateral staged TKR. Mean postoperative hemoglobin loss was 1.07.
Conclusions: TXA reduced blood loss and transfusion requirement. Intra-articular administration of TXA seems to be more effective in terms of reducing total blood loss and transfusion rates. We recommend administration of topical TXA in primary TKA in healthy patients to decrease perioperative blood loss.
Comparison of orthogonal versus parallel double plating technique in patients type C distal humeral fractures: a randomised control trial
Authors: Sarode Rohan , Mitra Sajal R. , Sah Saurabh , Sakharkar Nilesh S. , Adewar Aniket
Published: February 2023

Background: Distal humerus fracture accounts approximately 2%-6% of all fractures and 30% of all elbow fractures, intra articular distal humerus fracture are rare accounting 0.5% of all fractures. These fractures had bimodal distribution, with respect to age and gender, with peaks of incidence in males aged 12 to 19 years and females aged 80 years and over.
Methods: Patients were randomly divided into two groups, one undergoing perpendicular plating with 17 patients and the other parallel plating with 17 patients. Patients were followed up minimally for 12 months.
Results: We observed that time of union for parallel plating method was 12.82 weeks and 12 weeks in orthogonal plating. In our study functional outcome based upon Mayo elbow performance score, in group 1 (Parallel plating) was excellent in 7 patients (41.17%), good in 6 patients (35.29%), fair in 4 patients (23.52%).
Conclusions: In terms of arc of motion and stability a good to excellent functional outcome was achieved in >85% of the study group. In cases of osteoporotic and comminuted bones, a rigid construct must be achieved.
Modified Weaver-Dunn procedure, a novel approach to type-3 acromioclavicular joint dislocation
Authors: Goud Veer Abhishek , G. Venu , Prakash P. Surya
Published: February 2023

Even though a generally accepted opinion is present about conservative management for type 1 and type 2 acromioclavicular dislocation and surgical management for type 4 to type 6 dislocations, different opinions come under play for conservative versus surgical management in cases with acute type 3 acromioclavicular joint dislocation. We came across 20 cases of type 3 AC joint dislocation with a varied age profile (range 18 to 50 years, mean 34.4±6.5 years). Patients usually complain of pain and swelling and difficulty in moving shoulder joint. The diagnosis can be confirmed by radiographs which shows widening of AC joint >2-4 mm and coracoclavicular distance >5 mm and superior displacement of distal clavicle. In our series, we have treated them with modified Weaver Dunn technique. Immobilized arm in arm pouch for 3 weeks and follow up was done to assess functional outcome. In this study we present the outcome and related complications with modified Weaver Dunn technique for type 3 acromioclavicular joint dislocation.
A case series of Stener’s lesion of the first metacarpophalangeal joint
Authors: Kritika  , Verma Ashish , Shahu Sanjay B. , Sharma Rajaram , Sharma Yogesh Kumar
Published: February 2023

Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries have a high prevalence however; these are usually being missed in the initial clinical evaluation. Depending on the chronicity of the injury there are two acronyms for UCL tear. One is the skier's thumb and the other is the gamekeeper's thumb. If the UCL of the first metacarpophalangeal joint (MCP joint) has a complete tear with entrapment of aponeurosis of adductor pollicis muscle between the MCP joint and torn ligament, is called a Stener’s lesion. This is a rare clinical entity that requires early surgical correction because of entrapment. The mechanism of injury is the coerced abduction of the thumb from the index finger, causing ligament tears or sprain with or without ensuing avulsion fracture. The incidence of Stener’s lesions associated with UCL rupture has been reported to be up to 52% per intra-operative finding. In Stener’s lesions, the UCL tears from the base of the proximal phalanx (PP) then retracts proximally and displaces superficial to the adductor pollicis. Here we are presenting four cases of Stener’s lesions, with the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing this entity, which can prevent possible long-term complications such as chronic pain, joint degeneration, and joint instability.
A case report on surgical excision of intracapsular osteochondroma of femur neck using medial approach without hip dislocation in a young male
Authors: Mahajan Neetin P. , Gund Akshay , Kondewar Pranay , Chaudhari Kunal , Bagimani Pramod , Patel Ravi
Published: February 2023

Osteochondromas also called exostosis are commonest benign bone tumours. Traditionally Osteochondroma are considered as developmental malformations rather than true neoplasms and are thought to formed inside the periosteum due to separation of small epiphyseal growth plate cartilage. But recent studies suggested it’s relation with mutation in gene exotoxin 1 so now they are considered as true neoplasm. The lesions consist of a bony mass produced by progressive endochondral ossification of a growing cartilaginous cap. Most lesions are found during the period of rapid skeletal growth. Approximately 90% of patients only have a single lesion. Osteochondromas generally found on the metaphysis of a long bone near the physis like distal femur, proximal humerus, and proximal tibia. Due to risk of AVN after surgical management makes it difficult for excision. Due to close proximity to important neurovascular bundles these lesions can cause symptoms related to compression. Hip impingement is also common in these cases. Recurrence of osteochondromas are rare sometimes seen due to failure to remove the entire cartilaginous cap. A 24-year-old male presented with complaints of pain around the right hip and difficulty in walking and running since 2 year. On radiographic examination Right sided neck femur osteochondroma was diagnosed, which was located along the anteroinferior margin of the femur neck. Excision of the lesion was done in supine position using medial approach to hip without dislocation of the femur head. Femur neck osteochondroma should be removed surgically safely without dislocating hip. Osteochondroma must be removed completely with cartilagenous cap to avoid recurrence.
Neglected fracture shaft femur presenting with pseudoaneurysm: a case report
Authors: Tathe Pankaj , Sah Saurabh , Jain Prateek , Mittal Ayush , Arora Chandan
Published: February 2023

A pseudoaneurysm is a collection of blood leaking from a damaged arterial wall. Development of the false aneurysm is due to either initial injury of the vessel or is a complication of internal fixation of the femoral fracture. Femoral artery pseudoaneurysms (FAPs) may close spontaneously if the tear is small enough to allow for clotting and sealing. On the other hand, rupture of the aneurysm can trigger thrombosis, distal embolization and compression of adjacent structures. We present a case of left superficial femoral arterial pseudoaneurysm in a 36-year-old male with fracture of left femoral shaft. A 36-year-old male with history of road traffic accident presented to our institute with pain and swelling in left thigh. Patient was investigated and diagnosed with fracture left femoral shaft with a pseudoaneurysm of the left superficial femoral artery (SFA). Stenting was done for SFA followed by open reduction and internal fixation of the femoral shaft fracture. Such cases require multidisciplinary approach and a proper planning with involvement of different medical specialities to achieve optimal results and to minimise any intraoperative and post operative complications.
Non traumatic pathological sternoclavicular joint dislocation an unexplored complication of clavicle osteomyelitis-a case report
Authors: Sivabalaganesh Amirthalingam  , Suriyakumar Sundar , Harshavardhan Giriraj , Manickam Karthikeyan
Published: February 2023

Non-traumatic pathological sternoclavicular joint dislocation due to medial end of clavicle osteomyelitis is extremely rare. This kind of rare complication should be anticipated while encountering these kinds of cases. A sixty-three-year-old male came with pain and swelling over the left neck and was diagnosed to have left clavicle osteomyelitis. The unexplored complication of sternoclavicular joint dislocation and successful management of such complications has been discussed in this case report. To best of our knowledge this is the first case report of a non-traumatic pathological sternoclavicular joint dislocation due to clavicle osteomyelitis. This case report will supplement the inadequate literature in management of such cases.
Correction of neglected post-burn severe calcaneo-valgus deformity of foot with Joshi’s external stabilization system: a one stage surgical procedure
Authors: Mir Faisal N. , Anika Adfar  , Mir Naseer A.
Published: February 2023

Post burn calcaneovalgus is a complex foot deformity and management becomes increasingly difficult especially if deformity is neglected in growing young child resulting in secondary bony deformity. A simple technique of single stage surgical correction with Joshi’s external stabilization system (JESS) is described using principle of distraction osteogenesis or histogenesis without need of extensive plastic surgical procedure. A functional plantigrade foot is achieved after completion of the procedure without need of any bony procedure and least chances of any neurovascular compromise. JESS is a versatile external fixation device for correction of neglected postburn complex calcaneovalgus deformity.
Analysis of Sustainability Leverage Factors and Development Opportunities for the Corn Industry in Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Jinem Suparmin , Mernawati  , Zaini Anas
Published: February 2023

This study aims to analyze the levers of sustainability and opportunities for the development of the corn industry in Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The method used is descriptive method, data collection using interviews and online questionnaires to 60 farmer respondents spread across the three main corn-producing districts and 6 experts. The results of the study show that the lever factors that play a role in increasing sustainability are the ecological dimension "Spatial suitability for planting corn" the economic dimension "market access" the social dimension "Number of farmer households growing corn compared to the previous year" and the policy and institutional dimension "Policies related to price government purchase”. Meanwhile, potential factors that have not been maximized and have development opportunities are the Ecological dimension "utilization of corn waste" the Economic dimension "access to capital" the social dimension "how often farmers receive assistance related to corn" and the policy and institutional dimension "Policies related to pesticides, seeds/seeds and fertilizer.

 

Keywords: Corn, Levarenge Factor, Dompu, Sustainable
Forecasting the Degradation of Vitamin C Concentration in Commonly Consumed Vegetable Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) dipped in Different Pre-treatment Solutions
Authors: EMENIKE Awagu , OKOROAFOR Chinedu , OKİKE Obinna Odii , DARAMOLA Dare , AROHUNMOLASE Omolara
Published: February 2023

Vitamin C is considered an essential vitamin that is commonly found in most fruits and vegetables. It is susceptible to easy degradation, especially during pre-treatment and storage. This study aimed at forecasting the degradation of vitamin C in commonly consumed vegetable (cabbage) dipped in different pre-treatment solutions at different time intervals. The samples after dipping at different time intervals were prepared for analysis. Evaluation of the ascorbic acid content of the vegetable was determined using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). This consists of an isocratic elution procedure with ultraviolet-visible detection at 245 nm. The half-lives and rate constants were calculated using the integrated law method. Forecasts were determined using time series analysis. Degradation of vitamin C in this study followed a first-order kinetic model, and the average coefficient of determination (R2-value) was greater than 0.9413. The rate constants of vitamin C degradation for the vegetable dipped in different pretreatment solutions (sodium chloride, sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite and vinegar) at different time intervals were 0.0804, 0.1049, 0.0706 and 0.0553 minutes-1; half-lives were 8.2322, 7.3896, 10.9675, and 12.1086 minutes, respectively. The vegetable dipped in different pretreatments for 90 minutes exhibited ln(C) forecast of -2.2057, -4.6307, -1.1746, and 0.0789, respectively. The coefficient of correlation for sodium chloride, sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, and vinegar are 0.084, 0.093, 0.063 and 0.059 respectively. The kinetic models were formulated using predicted initial contents, processing time, and measured contents. The vegetable dipped in vinegar pretreatment solution using ln(C) =ln(C0) - 0.0553t gave the best model. From the results, the most appropriate pretreatment solution for enhancing the shelf life of cabbage is synthetic vinegar (prepared from acetic acid) because it has a lower rate constant, lower coefficient of correlation, and the longest half-life.
Koroner Bypas Cerrahisi Sonrasında Gelişen Safen Ven Greft Darlıklarına Perkütan Girişim Yapılan Hastalarda Majör Olumsuz Kardiyovasküler Olaylar ile Serum Fibrinojen Düzeyi Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: DUMAN İlker , ÇOLAK Ayşe , KISACİK Halil Lütfi
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Koroner arter bypas greft (KABG) cerrahisi sonrasında gelişen safen ven greft (SVG) hastalığına perkütan girişim ile revaskülarizasyon sağlanan bireylerde uzun dönem kardiyovasküler sonuçlar ve mortaliteyi öngördürmede, aterosklerozun patogenezinde rol oynayan serum fibrinojen seviyesinin değerini aydınlatmak amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Perkütan koroner girişim (PKG) yolu ile safen ven greft darlıklarına müdahale edilen hastalar retrospektif olarak tarandı. Toplamda 115 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Majör olumsuz kardiyovasküler olay (MACE) varlığına göre 56 hasta (+), 59 hasta (-) olarak değerlendirildi. Her iki grubun PKG öncesi fibrinojen düzeyleri belirlenerek MACE ve fibrinojen değerleri arasındaki ilişki incelendi.

Bulgular: Ortalama takip süresi 42,5 ay olan çalışmada beyaz küre ve serum fibrinojen değerleri, MACE'nin olduğu grupta diğer gruba oranla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu (p=0,001). Fibrinojen yüksekliği ve hipertansiyonun bağımsız olarak MACE oluşumuna neden olduğu saptandı (sırasıyla p=0,001 CI: 1,880-6,142; p=0,005 CI: 0,076-0,632). Fibrinojen değerinin 2,75 gr/L’nin olması, %76,2 sensitivite ve %62,7 spesifite ile bağımsız olarak MACE oranlarının öngördürücüsü olarak bulundu (AUC 0,793 CI:0,710-0,875).

Sonuçlar: Serum fibrinojen düzeyinin, safen ven greft darlıklarına yapılacak girişimsel tedavi öncesi değerlendirildiğinde, ölüm ve istenmeyen kardiyak klinik son noktaları öngörmede faydalı olabileceği sonucuna varıldı.
Perkütan Endoskopik Gastrostomi Deneyimlerimiz
Authors: HASIRCI İsmail , BAYRAKTAR Yahya Alperen
Published: February 2023

AMAÇ

Perkütan endoskopik gastrostomi (PEG), uzun süreli enteral nütrisyon gerektiren gastrointestinal sistemi aktif olan hastalarda tercih edilen bir yoldur. Cerrahi bir müdahale olması sebebiyle hem akut hem de kronik dönemde komplikasyonlara neden olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, deneyimlerimizi ve kliniğimizde yapılan PEG işlemlerinden elde ettiğimiz verileri sunmayı amaçladık.

GEREÇ VE YÖNTEMLER

Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Konya Şehir Hastanesi Endoskopi Ünitesi’nde 1 Ocak 2008-31 Aralık 2020 tarihleri arasında PEG yapılan 386 hasta incelendi. İşlem sonrası hasta bilgileri kaydedildi. İlk 1 aylık dönemde PEG’e bağlı komplikasyonlar ve 6 aylık mortalite incelendi.

BULGULAR

Hastaların 26’sında (%6,7) kateter çıkış yerinde yara enfeksiyonu, 2’sinde (%0,5) cilt, cilatı seviyede kanama, 7’sinde (%1,8) kateter etrafından sızma, 18’inde (%4,6) çıkma, 6’sında (%1,5) tıkanma görülmüştür. PEG işlemi ile direkt ilişkili, işlem sırası ve yakın dönemde mortalite gözlenmemiştir. 47 (%12) hasta ilk 1 hafta içinde, 113 (%29) hasta ilk 1 ay içinde, 192 (%49) hasta 6 ay içinde ölmüştür. İkiden çok sistemik hastalığı olanlarda 1 aylık mortalite oranı %44 olarak tespit edilmiştir.

SONUÇLAR

Komplikasyon oranlarının düşürülebilmesi için PEG yapılan hastalarda enfeksiyon ile etkin mücadele ve asepsi önerileri önemlidir. Ayrıca tüp tespiti dikkatli yapılmalı ve hasta yakınları ayrıntılı bilgilendirilmelidir.
Stent Restenozunu Tahmin Etmede Sistemik İmmün İnflamasyon İndeksinin Rolü
Authors: BALUN Ahmet
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Koroner arter hastalığı için implante edilen stentlerin restenozu önemli bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır ve hangi hastalarda gelişebileceği net değildir. Aterosklerotik süreçte ve stent içi restenozda inflamasyon önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Çalışmamızda stent içi restenozu tahmin etmede Sistemik immün inflamasyon indeksinin (SII) kullanılabilirliğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada Haziran 2019 ile Haziran 2022 yılları arasında akut koroner sendrom veya stabil anjina pektoris ile hastaneye başvurup başarılı stent implantasyonu uygulanmış ve sonrasında 1 yıl içinde stabil anjina pektoris nedeniyle tekrar koroner anjiografi yapılmış hastalar retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Hastaların ikinci yapılan koroner anjiografileri öncesinde alınan rutin hemogram testinden SII değeri (Platelet x Nötrofil) / (Lenfosit) formülü ile hesaplanmıştır. Toplam 213 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir ve hastalar stent içi restenoz olan (n:58) ve restenoz olmayan (n:155) olarak iki gruba ayrılmıştır.

Bulgular: SII ortanca değeri restenoz (+) olan grupta daha yüksek saptandı (920 vs 582, p=0,001). SII değeri ile restenoz arasındaki ilişki ROC eğrisi ile değerlendirildi ve 809 optimal kesme değerinin %60,3 sensitivite ve %64,5 spesifisite ile restenozu tahmin ettiği belirlendi (Eğri altındaki alan: 0,642; %95 GA: 0,559-0,725, p=0,001). Çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizinde Diabetes mellitus (OR:2,409, CI %95: 1,228-4,727, p=0,011), hiperlipidemi (OR:2,703, CI %95: 1,335-5,472, p=0,006) ve Log10 SII’nin (OR:3,659, CI %95: 1,360-9,848, p=0,010) stent içi restenozun bağımsız öngördürücüsü olduğu saptandı.

Sonuç: Stent içi restenozda diabet, hiperlipidemi ve inflamasyon önemli rol oynamaktadır. Bir inflamasyon belirteci olan ve kolay hesaplanabilen SII’nin stent içi restenozunun bağımsız öngördürücüsü olduğu görülmüştür. Stent içi restenozu tahmin etmede inflamasyon belirteçlerinin katkısı olabileceği düşünülmelidir.
Effect of Spacing, Nitrogen and Phosphorus on Growth and Flowering Characters of Tuberose under Eastern Part of Uttar Pradesh Conditions
Authors:   S.D.J.P.G. College, Chandeshwer, Azamgarh, U.P., Chaturvedi Abhimanyu , Singh Shailendra Vikram
Published: February 2023

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different Nitrogen, phosphorus and spacing doses on the growth and flowering characters of tuberose cv. Hyderabad double at Krishi Vigyan Kendra- 1, Azamgarh, during 2019-20 and 2020-21. The treatments consisted 4 levels of Nitrogen (100, 200, 300 and 400 kg/ha-1), 3 levels of phosphorus (100,150, and 200 kg/ha-1 ), respectively and 3 spacing’s: 30 x 20 cm, 30 x 30 cm, and 30 x 40 cm were evaluated in factorial randomized block design replicated thrice. The results revealed that the growth and quality characteristics of tuberose were increased significantly. The best result reg. maximum plant height (43.77 cm), number of leaves/plant (27.25), length of leaves (60.97 cm), width of leaves (2.60 cm), days for spike emergence (109.77 days) days to flowering (118.68 days), spike length (88.80 cm), rachis length ( 35.71 cm), Florets/spike (34.99), spike /clump ( 3.17), flowering duration ( 31.64 days) and flower’s yield ( 4.18 lakh/ha) were reported with S2N2P2 (30 x 30 cm, 200 kg/ha, 150 kg/ha).
Detection of a New Strain of the Yambean mosaic virus in Senna hirsuta (Irwin and Barneby) in Calabar, Southern Nigeria
Authors: Ekpiken E.E. , Eyong O.I. , Adediji A.O. , Mofunanya A.A.J. , Arogundade O. , Owolabi A.T.
Published: February 2023

Background: Hairy senna is an edible weed grown for both its vegetables and as a hedge plant in farms and backyard gardens in Calabar. Senna hirsuta leaf samples showing virus-like symptoms were collected in the growing seasons of between 2018 and 2020 from backyard gardens and farms in Calabar and the surrounding area. Methods: The virus was isolated and transmitted by mechanical inoculation for host range studies. Seed transmissibility and transmission by aphids were further used for detection. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers specific to the cylindrical inclusion protein gene (CI) of potyviruses followed by sequencing was used for molecular identification. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree was constructed to determine the relationship of the Calabar isolate with those from other parts of the world. Result: For the host range studies, four species belonging to the Fabaceae family were infected by the isolate, indicating a narrow host range. The virus was found to be seed transmissible and could be vectored by both Aphis craccivora and Aphis spiraecola. Obtained DNA fragments with the expected size of~700 bp were amplified and a pairwise comparison with other potyviruses revealed a 94-95.87% similarity with complete sequence of YBMV (JN190431). Phylogenetic analysis placed the senna isolate in the same clade as the Brazilian isolates (MK825543 and MK825544) and JN190431. On the basis of this, the virus is adjudged to be the Nigerian strain of YBMV (JN190431).
Nrf1 (NFE2L1) Signaling in Homeostasis: Latest Advances
Authors: ROS Editorial Office
Published: February 2023

The nuclear factor E2-related factor 1 (Nrf1 or NFE2L1) is a member of the CNC family of leucine zipper transcription factors, which also includes Nrf2, the most extensively studied transcriptional regulator of antioxidant genes. Like Nrf2, Nrf1 also regulates some antioxidant genes; however, it acts differently from Nrf2 in regulating many other cellular processes. This Cutting-Edge Research Highlights discusses some of the latest research findings on Nrf2 signaling in such biological processes as (1) cardiac regeneration, (2) GPx4-dependent ferroptosis, and (3) prolongevity. These advances have broadened the spectrum of Nrf1 physiological functions.

(First online: February 25, 2023)
DEVELOPMENT MEASURES TO ENHANCE THE ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF SHIPS AND REDUCE OPERATIONAL POLLUTION TO THE ENVIRONMENT
Authors: MELNYK Oleksiy , ONYSHCHENKO Svitlana , ONISHCHENKO Oleg
Published: February 2023

Reduction of ecological risks of shipping is a challenging task that requires methods of legislative and regulatory control, organizational measures, and technical and technological support. Furthermore, the matter concerns not only the reduction of possible risks but also the level of existing impact on the marine environment because of exhaust gas emissions by ships, discharge of waste and ballast water, as well as control of ecological consequences of accidents. The purpose of this study is to analyse possible sources of environmental impact during ship operation cycles, identify significant risks, review existing potentials to reduce the risk of ship accidents and their environmental consequences, and develop solutions to existing problems. This study offers results, which can serve as the initial basis for the formation of comprehensive measures on the reduction of environmental risks, and consequences of possible accidents for the environment caused by ships and international shipping.
STABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE SLOPE SUBJECTED TO THE DYNAMIC LOADING
Authors: ZABUSKI Lesław
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the results of a stability analysis of a slope located in the immediate vicinity of a railway line. The plans for the extension of this railway track include the construction of another line, which would run parallel to the existing one, within a few metres distance. It is expected that intensive goods train traffic will generate both static and dynamic forces in the underlying subsoil. Consequently, seismic vibrations will be generated in the subsoil, propagating mainly not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction. The method of seismic coefficient of the earthquake intensity determined by a pseudo-static method and horizontal component of acceleration is appropriate and recommended because it is simple, and the safety factor of the slope is calculated in the same way as in conventional stability calculations.
DETERMINATION OF THE QUALITY INDEX OF CARS
Authors: BAZHINOV Oleksiy , KRAVTSOV Mikhail , BAZHYNOVA Tetiana , HAIEK Yevhen , KHARCHENKO Serhii , SHCHUR Taras , MARKOWSKA Katarzyna , SĘKALA Agnieszka , STECUŁA Kinga , KAWKA Tomasz , SIUDYKA Ewa
Published: February 2023

This article presents theoretical studies of methods for assessing car quality indicators in the operation stage. Important criteria for determining the quality indicators of cars during the operation phase are the following: functional stability, ecology, comfort, technical solutions, and traffic safety. The problem of converting a multicriteria quality assessment to a single criterion is proposed to be solved by the method of determining a quality index. The methodology for the practical and actual implementation of this research is based on the evaluation of the quality index established on the average vehicle speed then the basic methodological principles are formulated. The quality index of a car is significantly dependent on the operating conditions. This article presents the correction coefficients for the quality index of base, hybrid, and electric vehicles, depending on the operating conditions. The studies and the proposed car quality index provide timely information on the characteristics of operating conditions, creating the necessary conditions and opportunities for automakers to improve the design of cars, promote the image of car brands, and increase sales.
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC BUS TRANSPORT SERVICES IN ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA
Authors: GIRMA Mulugeta
Published: February 2023

In emerging countries, improving performance in the transportation industry is a critical concern. Bus transport companies like Anbessa, Sheger and the Public Service Employees' Transport Service play a pivotal role in Addis Ababa's transit system. Subsequently, this study analyzes the operators' operational performance, comparing it to industry norms. The collected data is analyzed using the ratio analysis approach. The findings indicate that the Anbessa City Bus outperforms the other buses in several aspects, such as fleet strength, service utilization, and vehicle utilization, but there is a disparity in staff productivity and operational safety. Sheger City Bus, on the other hand, outperforms the market in terms of vehicle utilization, workforce productivity, and operational safety. However, on most of the indicators, the Public Employees Bus performs the worst. Finally, comparing the operators' performance to industry standards, most indications show that they fail to meet. Consequently, even if bus transit operators are subsidized by the government in the operation of their services for residents, the study suggests that they must make significant improvements in how they use their resources to improve their financial and operational performance and deliver better services compared to those provided by other operators in the city. In addition, government incentives such as subsidies should be allocated based on actual operational performance.
REAL-TIME EMISSIONS OF GASEOUS POLLUTANTS FROM VEHICLES UNDER HETEROGENEOUS TRAFFIC CONDITIONS
Authors: GOYAL Yuvraj , MEENA Sanu , SINGH Suresh Kumar , KULSHRESTHA Mukul
Published: February 2023

Air quality problems in cities are often a cause for worry. The air quality index is increasing daily, leading to an increase in cancer and many respiratory problems. Road transport in an urban area is a significant cause of air pollution. The vehicles must meet Indian emission regulations for which the emissions are measured using legally mandated standard driving cycles that did not accurately reflect real-world driving emissions because of varying traffic conditions, meteorological conditions, driving behaviour, vehicle power, performance, etc. This study focuses on real-time emissions of gaseous pollutants hydrocarbon (HC), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitric oxide (NO) from vehicle exhaust pipes under heterogeneous traffic conditions. The emissions were measured using a Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS). The PEMS used was an AVL MDS 450 analyser mounted on the vehicle, and on-road emissions were captured. The test sample consists of four passenger vehicles with varying engine sizes, manufacturers, and fuel. The test route comprises city and highway areas, and it was discovered that the emissions were reduced by 40 to 70% on highways compared to the city. In petrol BSIV and BSVI engines, the emission was reduced to 41.73% for CO, 46.90% for HC, and 64% for NO in the city area. Speed and emissions scatter graphs were plotted for the vehicles, and it was found that in the city area, the optimum speed for less emission is between 30-40 km/h, and on highways, the optimum speed is 80-90 km/h. The emissions were also sensitive to the rate and frequency of acceleration and decelerations. This type of study is very limited in India, and more such studies are required for the assessment of air quality in metropolitan areas and successful traffic management strategies, as well as for determining instantaneous projections of pollutant emissions.
EXAMINATION OF DIFFERENT MODELS OF TROPOSPHERE DELAYS IN SBAS POSITIONING IN AERIAL NAVIGATION
Authors: KRASUSKI Kamil , KIRSCHENSTEIN Małgorzata
Published: February 2023

This paper presents the results of a study on the use of different tropospheric correction models in SBAS positioning for air navigation. The paper, in particular, determines the influence of the Saastamoinen troposphere and RTCA-MOPS models on the determination of aircraft coordinates and mean coordinate errors in the SBAS positioning method. The study uses real kinematic data from a GPS navigation system recorded by an onboard GNSS satellite receiver as well as SBAS corrections. In the experiment, the authors include SBAS corrections from EGNOS and SDCM augmentation systems. The navigation calculations were performed using RTKLIB v.2.4.3 and Scilab 6.1.1 software. Based on the conducted research, it was found that the difference in aircraft coordinates using different troposphere models can reach up to ±2.14 m. Furthermore, the use of the RTCA-MOPS troposphere model improved the values of mean coordinate errors from 5 to 9% for the GPS+EGNOS solution and from 7 to 12% for the GPS+SDCM solution, respectively. The obtained computational findings confirm the validity of using the RTCA-MOPS troposphere model for SBAS positioning in aerial navigation.
Analisis Pengelolaan Sampah Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir Sukawinatan dalam Peran Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kebersihan Kota Palembang
Authors: Deselta Azalia , Nugroho Asianto
Published: February 2023

This study aims to determine and explain how the suitability of the role of the Palembang City Environment and Sanitation Service (DLHK) in waste management in TPA Sukawinatan. This research uses descriptive normative legal research methods with data sources in the form of primary and secondary legal materials. The results showed that there are still many problems in waste management at TPA Sukawinatan. If it is related to responsibilities and roles, DLHK Palembang City as an executing element of government affairs in the environmental sector and sub-affairs of solid waste holds the main task in waste management. However, there is still a lot of conformity that must be updated and guided by statutory regulations.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menjelaskan bagaimana kesesuaian antara peran Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dan Kebersihan (DLHK) Kota Palembang dalam pengelolaan sampah di TPA Sukawinatan Kota Palembang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif deskriptif dengan sumber data berupa bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak permasalahan dalam pengelolaan sampah di TPA Sukawinatan. Jika dikaitkan pada tanggung jawab dan peran, DLHK Kota Palembang sebagai unsur pelaksana urusan pemerintahan bidang lingkungan hidup serta sub urusan persampahan memegang tugas utama dalam pengelolaan sampah. Namun, kesesuaian tersebut masih banyak yang harus diperbaharui dan berpedoman pada peraturan perundang-undangan.