bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Plano Municipal de Educação e suas repercussões na escola pública
Authors: Silva Alex Vieira da , Santos Inalda Maria dos
Published: June 2020

O texto tem como objetivo apresentar as modificações na organização e na gestão da escola através da implementação do PME no “chão” da escola pública.  A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa. O tipo de entrevista aplicada foi a semiestruturada e a estratégia metodológica para o tratamento dos dados, a análise de conteúdo. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram sete gestores escolares de escolas públicas dos municípios de Recife e de Olinda. Como resultados, foi possível perceber que as proposições evidenciadas possibilitam refletir que, diretamente, os Planos de Recife e de Olinda não causaram modificações no modo de organização na gestão da escola.
O profissional de Pedagogia em espaços não escolares: uma análise preliminar da produção científica
Authors: Lucindo Nilzilene Imaculada , Nunes Célia Maria Fernandes , Araújo Regina Magna Bonifácio de
Published: June 2020

O presente artigo aborda a produção cientifica acerca do profissional de Pedagogia em espaços não escolares, constituída a partir da leitura dos resumos de dissertações e teses defendidas no Brasil entre 2006 a 2018 e explicita dados relativos ao objeto de estudo, finalidade das pesquisas; desenhos; sujeitos e locus investigados, além de apresentar algumas reflexões sobre o campo. Como resultados foram identificados 35 trabalhos, contudo, apurou-se que o número de pesquisas que investigam essa temática em nível de Doutorado e em algumas regiões brasileiras é incipiente, o que demanda adensar a produção desse campo. Apesar de serem numerosos os campos de atuação do pedagogo, o estudo revelou um descompasso entre o número de espaços não escolares existentes e o de investigações realizadas.
The Initial Stage of the Implementation of Employee Capital Plans in Greater Poland from the Perspective of Human Resource Management: A Research Report
Authors: Szczepański Marek , Kołodziejczyk Krzysztof
Published: June 2020

The introduction of an employee capital plan (PPK) constitutes a new challenge for various groups of stakeholders involve in the process—employers, employees and their representatives, state institutions acting as co–organizers, regulators and supervisors of the process, and financial institutions offering employee capital plan financial products. On behalf of employers, it is the HR management, accounting, and finance departments that are primarily responsible for implementing this complex management process. The purpose behind the research,* the initial and partial results of which are presented in the article, was to identify the main management problems occurring in the first phase of employee capital plan implementation in large enterprises in Greater Poland as well as to seek answers to the question of whether the surveyed entrepreneurs fully utilize the possibilities of the new retirement pension scheme in their human resource management strategy and in their motivational system.
Motivation Type and Risk of Occupational Burnout among Corporate Employees
Authors: Chrupała-Pniak Małgorzata , Turska Elżbieta
Published: June 2020

Much attention in occupational burnout is paid to organizational and individual factors in research. However, there are still relatively few studies on the relationships between motivation and burnout. Today’s competitive market contributes to increasingly strong rivalry both between organizations and between employees. The latter are expected to display increasing effort, engagement, and sustained motivation aimed at achieving set goals. The conducted study, covering employees of corporate organizations (N=97), confirmed the protective role of intrinsic motivation as understood by SDT. Its nature, in this case, is that of a resource. Research has also shown that the factor that is most conducive to burnout is amotivation, which remains moderately strongly related to all the dimensions of burnout. Regression analysis has confirmed that only motivational variables are significant predictors of burnout, while neither demographic nor organizational variables predict it
Periparturient stocking density affects lying and ruminating behavior and one-week-calf performance of Holstein cows
Authors: Jiang Mingming , Alugongo Gibson Maswayi , Xiao Jianxin , Li Congcong , Ma Yulin , Li Tingting , Cao Zhijun , Liu Dasen
Published: June 2020

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of stocking density on the behavior, productivity, and metabolism of periparturient Holstein cows as well as calf performance.Methods: A total of 48 periparturient cows were randomly assigned into three groups at 28 days (±3 days) before their expected calving date. The stocking densities of the groups, relative to the standard cubicle and feed bunk number, were i) 80% (13 cows), ii) 100% (16 cows), and iii) 120% (19 cows). Lying and rumination behavior was recorded using electronic data loggers and HR-Tags from d -21 (“d-” means days before calving) until the calving date, d 0. Lying time was assessed to determine the diurnal total hours spent lying per day. Rumination time was averaged in 2 hours interval periods over 24 hours during the experimental period.Results: Cows in the 80% group spent more time lying and ruminating between d -21 and d -7 and tended to ruminate more between d -14 and d 0. Calcium levels tended to be higher for cows in the 80% group, no other observable differences were found in monitored blood parameters. Moreover, 3.5% fat corrected milk and energy corrected milk yields were higher in 80% group in the first month of lactation. No other observable differences were found in the yield and composition of colostrum and milk in the first 10 months of lactation. The growth and performance of calves in the first week of life was not affected by stocking density of the dams.Conclusion: We concluded that lower stocking density may increase lying and ruminating behavior of prepartum Holstein cows. However, this did not translate into improved productivity and metabolism.
A Faith Diplomacy de Xi Jinping: as implicações político-religiosas do acordo provisório sobre a nomeação dos bispos católicos na China
Authors: Carletti Anna
Published: June 2020

O artigo visa identificar os motivos que levaram o governo de Pequim a assinar um acordo provisório com a Santa Sé aceitando sua participação na nomeação dos bispos chineses. A pesquisa pode ser enquadrada no âmbito das análises de Política Externa.
Data Processing Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Salah Alaloul Wesam , Hannan Qureshi Abdul
Published: June 2020

The artificial neural network (ANN) is a machine learning (ML) methodology that evolved and developed from the scheme of imitating the human brain. Artificial intelligence (AI) pyramid illustrates the evolution of ML approach to ANN and leading to deep learning (DL). Nowadays, researchers are very much attracted to DL processes due to its ability to overcome the selectivity-invariance problem. In this chapter, ANN has been explained by discussing the network topology and development parameters (number of nodes, number of hidden layers, learning rules and activated function). The basic concept of node and neutron has been explained, with the help of diagrams, leading to the ANN model and its operation. All the topics have been discussed in such a scheme to give the reader the basic concept and clarity in a sequential way from ANN perceptron model to deep learning models and underlying types.
Polyimides as High Temperature Capacitor Dielectrics
Authors: Ho Janet , Schroeder Marshall
Published: June 2020

Nearly five decades of effort has focused on identifying and developing new polymer capacitor films for higher-than-ambient temperature applications, but simultaneous demands of processability, dielectric permittivity, thermal conductivity, dielectric breakdown strength, and self-clearing capability limit the number of available materials. Demands on these criteria are even more stringent in growing numbers of applications demanding high power performance. Aromatic polyimides, though not a panacea, are a class of heat-resistant polymers of great interest to researchers as capacitor dielectrics because of good thermal and mechanical stability. In this chapter, the key aspects and advantages of metallized polymer film capacitors are compared to analogous alternative technologies (polymer-film-metal-foil, ceramic, and electrolytic capacitors), followed by a comprehensive review of commercial resin development leading up to recent research on polyimides targeted for operating temperature above 150°C. Finally, this chapter provides a brief discussion on the recent effort on combining computation and synthesis to design polymers with desirable dielectric properties.
Critique, participation et démocratie
Authors: Reber Bernard ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2020

The problem of interdependence is crucial for understanding the climate, with its interactions between land, water, and atmosphere, as well as with human activities, past and future. The concept of interdependence expresses two types of relationship, that of causality and that of responsibility. For the problems of climate governance as understood as a statistical average in the Conferences of the parties (COP), causal dependence is impossible to reconstruct precisely, notably because of the complexity of these phenomena. However, dependence does not only concern the domain of being, falling within the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the human descriptive predictive. It also concerns the ought-to-be and therefore the normative sciences (ethics, political theory, law, and normative economy). Here interdependence is much more problematic since it is opposed to freedom. This article discusses the various interdependencies and political solutions that are offered to take care of this needs, architectures for discussing climate change politically: systems (N. Luhmann) and deliberation (J. Habermas). It then proposes another solution, that of moral and political consideration.
Cosmopolitanism and Democracy
Authors: Hashimoto Noriko ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2020

According to Eco-ethica, our circumstances have a triple structure: 1)Nature, 2)Technological Conjuncture, and 3)Culture. In the twenty-first century we face the crisis of a global warming. It is because of human activities that create technological conjuncture: a diminishing time-process that aims at economic effects. Climate change is a cosmopolitan problem because it easily transcends boundaries. Practices must be subject to not only political regulation to promote public awareness, but also to individual consciousness-raising of personal responsibilities. Democracy must be rethought in order to promote joining the public and individuals to become World Citizens. In this information-society, Big Data must be available for everyone equally and freely. There is a social difference between rich and poor. Tocqueville suggested that rich citizens in a democracy are necessarily supported by the poor.
Higher Necessity
Authors: Noller Jörg U. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: June 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyze Schelling’s compatibilist account of freedom of the will particularly in his Philosophical Investigations into the Essence of Human Freedom (1809). I shall argue that against Kant’s transcendental compatibilism Schelling proposes a “volitional compatibilism,” according to which the free will emerges out of nature and is not identical to practical reason as Kant claims. Finally, I will relate Schelling’s volitional compatibilism to more recent accounts of free will in order to better understand what he means by his concept of a “higher necessity.”
Multinational Retrospective Central Pathology Review of Neuroblastoma: Lessons Learned to Establish a Regional Pathology Referral Center in Resource-Limited Settings
Authors: Santiago Teresa , Polanco Ana C. , Fuentes-Alabi Soad , Hayes Caleb , Orellana Elizabeth , Gomero Belkis , González Mázlova Toledo , Ruiz Eduviges , Durán Moises Espino , Rodriguez-Galindo Carlos , Metzger Monika
Published: June 2020

Context.—

Several countries of the Central America and Caribbean region have been sharing regional neuroblastoma (NB) treatment guidelines. However, there is no standardization in the diagnosis, subclassification, or tumor biology to aid in the risk stratification of these patients.

Objective.—

To examine the histology and assess the accuracy of the local pathology reports; to evaluate the usefulness of manual MYCN immunohistochemistry (IHC); and to use NB as a model to identify the needs to establish a central pathology review (CPR) program in this region.

Design.—

A retrospective CPR of specimens derived from patients with a diagnosis of NB and treated under the regional NB guidelines between 2012 and 2017 was conducted, allowing for a comparison between local diagnoses and the CPR diagnoses. Manual MYCN IHC was performed in the confirmed NB specimens and the results compared with known fluorescence in situ hybridization or automated IHC results, when available.

Results.—

The 156 specimens reviewed included 460 blocks and 183 original slides. Neuroblastoma was confirmed in 138 samples (88.5%), but low concordance rates for Shimada classification (n = 39; 25.0%), mitotic-karyorrhectic index (n = 4; 2.5%), and International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (n = 18; 11.5%) were noted. Manual MYCN IHC performed on 120 specimens showed conclusive results in 89.2% (28 positive, 23.4%; 79 negative, 65.8%) and questionable results in 10.8% (n = 13).

Conclusions.—

This retrospective CPR highlights the need for a CPR program to serve this region, to ensure correct diagnosis and subclassification of NB, and to provide manual MYCN IHC—with reflexing to fluorescence in situ hybridization, if questionable. This approach can further regional collaboration, enhance test utilization, and ultimately improve patients' outcomes.
IGNIFUGATION OF TENSIONED STEEL BRACES BY INTUMESCENT PAINTING: A PERFORMANCE-BASED SOLUTION FOR THE “PABELLON PUENTE”, INTERNATIONAL EXPO 2008, ZARAGOZA
Authors: PEREZ CEBRIAN ALFONSO , PEREZ BENEDICTO JOSE ANGEL , LOPEZ JULIAN PEDRO LUIS , MORALES ARRIBA MIGUEL ANGEL
Published: June 2020

At present, there is no harmonized test standard to determine the contribution of tensioned solid steel braces protected by intumescent paints on fire resistance. For this reason, the adaptation of the Bridge Pavilion built in Zaragoza for the International Exposition (2008) and its adaptation to a new use made it necessary to design a test protocol that allowed determining the time equivalent to Standard Fire Resistance for those metallic structural elements. This paper presents both the methodological design and the results obtained in this specific case. The experimental scheme allowed us to verify that a thickness of 4 mm of intumescent paint guarantees a fire resistance R60, and a thickness of 5 mm guarantees the resistance R90, both cases for loaded braces.
The applied protocol allowed us to check the difficulties to apply the paint on elements of reduced dimensions, concluding that the most appropriate solution was application by brush and subsequent sanding to avoid irregularities and excess paint. This information was essential when planning the subsequent application to the real case.
Motionsfodbold og medborgerskab
Authors: Ryom Knud , Stelter Reinhard
Published: June 2020

Artiklen sætter fokus på motionsfodbold og udvikling af medborgerskab hos udsatte drenge. Artiklen tager udgangspunkt i et community psykologisk projekt, afviklet på Ydre Nørrebro, København. Projektet inkluderede 45 drenge (12-16 år), en lokal folkeskole, en lokal fodboldforening og forskere fra Center for Holdspil og Sundhed. Multiple metoder blev benyttet. Studiets resultater peger på, at motionsfodbold påvirker udviklingen af empowerment og præger medborgerskab i kraft af: a) Den positive betydning fodbold har for drengene, b) Mulighederne for en afvekslende hverdag, c) Forpligtelse og disciplin og d) Motivation. Endvidere synes en samskabende tilgang at have stor betydning for drengenes udvikling af medborgerskab.
Catching Dreams: Applying Gestalt Dream Work to Canadian Aboriginal Peoples
Authors: Elliott Nicole
Published: June 2020

Gestalt therapy is similar to an Aboriginal worldview in that they both involve a holistic approach and focus on health and wellness strategies. The Aboriginal worldview is best portrayed as holistic in nature, where the circle of wellness symbolizes unity, wholeness, completeness, and balance. Dream work is a therapeutic technique utilized in Gestalt therapy that could be very useful for Aboriginal peoples given their spiritual and narrative way of being. This article demonstrates the cultural acceptability for utilization of dream work in Gestalt with Aboriginal clients. Furthermore, it discusses both strengths and limitations of this modality of therapy. Implications for use are also discussed.
Spiritual Needs of First Nations, Métis and Inuit Foster Parents
Authors: Brown Jason , Mehta Nisha , Skrodzki Donna , Gerritts Julie , Ivanova Viktoria
Published: June 2020

Aboriginal children are overrepresented in foster care and more Aboriginal foster parents are needed. A randomized group of licensed First Nations, Métis and Inuit foster parents in a Canadian jurisdiction were asked about their spiritual needs to foster. In response to the question “what do you need spiritually to foster?” there were 55 unique responses that were grouped by participants into five concepts including: religion, practice, integration, sharing and contentment. These results were compared and contrasted with the existing fostering literature.
Beyond Church and State: Rethinking Who Knew What When About Residential Schooling in Canada
Authors: Di Mascio Anthony
Published: June 2020

This study moves beyond evidence left behind by church and state officials to ask who knew what when about residential schooling in Canada. While our historical knowledge about residential schooling and the people involved in and affected by it has grown in recent years, scholars have characteristically focused on official church and state agents. Other non- Aboriginal individuals who lived in or spent some time in Aboriginal communities, and who are not typically implicated in residential schooling, have consequently been overlooked as a source of knowledge about the truth of residential schooling. By broadening our examination of the various people who knew about residential schooling, by considering what they knew, and by coming to terms with the truth that many of them did little or nothing to stop the abuse they witnessed, this study suggests that we can more fully understand ourselves and our history, and we can be more properly prepared to move forward in a process of reconciliation and healing.
Aboriginal Youth Gangs in Canada: (de)constructing an epidemic
Authors: Sinclair Raven , Grekul Jana
Published: June 2020

The literature on gang activity in Canada indicates a proliferation of Aboriginal youth gangs, and the research tells us that child welfare involvement is a significant risk factor for gang participation. This article examines the child welfare and youth gang literature, and analyzes the complex interaction of structural factors facing Aboriginal youth in Canada in order to contextualize youth gang involvement within the larger system of social distress facing Aboriginal people. This paper scrutinizes the veracity of youth gang statistics and interrogates the Aboriginal youth gang discourse to discover that, although a problem clearly exists, the scope and substance of the situation in Canada needs to be more thoroughly researched in order to be accurately portrayed.
Inuit Youth Transitioning out of Residential Care: Obstacles to Re-integration and Challenges to Wellness
Authors: Fraser Sarah L. , Vachon Mélanie , Arauz Maria J. , Rousseau Cécile , Kirmayer Laurence J.
Published: June 2020

For youth under child welfare, transitioning out of residential care and reintegrating into their community can be a difficult process. This may be especially true for Inuit youth who, because they are away from their communities, cannot develop networks and relationships that would provide a secure place for their development as an adult and as a community member. The objectives of this study were to document how transition out of care is addressed in a residence specialized for Inuit youth under government care, and to explore, from the perspective of residential managers and staff, what factors facilitate or create obstacles to successful transition. Interviews were conducted to discuss the transition of 11 youth from residential placement back into communities. The criteria used by managers and staff to describe transitions mostly focused on the behaviours of the youth and the ability to create and implement a plan. Are current theme was the importance of continuity and connections with family, staff, and culture. Various measures were put into place around the current system of care in order to facilitate continuity and connections to respond to the cultural and personal needs of youth. To enhance the “cultural competence” of care, we suggest that: (i) criteria for successful and unsuccessful transitions be determined with youth, families, and communities; (ii) that Inuit representation in care be increased; and (iii) that measures be taken outside the current system of care to encourage shifts in power distribution.
Jumping through hoops: An overview of the experiences and perspectives of Aboriginal mothers involved with child welfare in Manitoba
Authors: Bennett Marlyn , Spillett Leslie , Dunn Catherine
Published: June 2020

This article provides an overview of the experiences of Aboriginal mothers involved with child welfare in Manitoba. Jumping through hoops was a prominent perspective evident in stories and reflections that Aboriginal mothers shared about their experiences with child welfare and legal systems. The research drew upon interviews and talking circles conducted with Aboriginal women, and included interviews conducted with community advocates and lawyers in the spring and summer of 2007.
Non-Aboriginal Child Protective Service Workers’ Utilization of the Maltreatment and Adolescent Pathway Knowledge Translation (MAP-KT) Portal: A Report on the Utilization Statistics and Utilization Gaps of Aboriginal Best-Practice Material
Authors: Leung Eman , Wekerle Christine , Weachter Randy , Egelstaff Julian , Bennett Marlyn
Published: June 2020

Given the unique history and culture of the Aboriginal heritage, research evidence and evidence-based practice guidelines/recommendation derive from the general population are not sufficient in informing the practices of Child Protective Services’ caseworkers who are caring for Aboriginal youth in the child welfare system. Special attention should also be given to best-practice materials developed with special consideration of the Aboriginal context. The current study describes caseworkers’ utilization of Aboriginal child welfare best-practice materials hosted at the MAP-KT portal during its pilot testing period between October 1st 2007 and September 31st 2008. The objective of the current study is to assess the knowledge consumption behavior of caseworkers who were not employed by Aboriginal child protective agency but nonetheless had Aboriginal Child Welfare youth under they care. The MAP-KT portal is a web-based knowledge tool that brings to the point of practice (of CPS caseworker) child welfare knowledge distilled through the ‘knowledge filter” of the Knowledge to Action framework. Given the proportion of Aboriginal youth under the care of participating agencies, the utilization statistics of Aboriginal content hosted on the MAP-KT portal indicated that they might be under-utilized compared to other content areas. According to the Knowledge to Action framework, a number of ways to improve utilization have been proposed. Future research may focus on adapting the MAP-KT portal to user knowledge preferences on format, content and linkage to frequently utilized sites, as well as tailored marketing to users in First Nations child welfare services and those who provide services to children with First Peoples’ heritage.
Developing a Culturally Restorative Approach to Aboriginal Child and Youth Development: Transitions to Adulthood
Authors: Simard Estelle , Blight Shannon
Published: June 2020

An innovative approach to providing “care” to Aboriginal child who are making a transition into adulthood embodies the concept of culturally restorative practice. This paper is a literature review on Aboriginal child development for children and youth transitioning from a youth to an adult. This paper contains excerpts from “Developing a Culturally Restorative Approach to Aboriginal Child and Youth Development: Transitions to Adulthood” published as a social policy paper for Ontario’s Ministry of Child and Youth Services. The paper was a review of the literature of the following: culturally restorative practices, best practices for successful engagement with Aboriginal populations, thematic of Aboriginal development, as well as implications for child and youth services.
Residential Schools: Creating and Continuing Institutionalization among Aboriginal Peoples in Canada
Authors: Rand Julia
Published: June 2020

Many Aboriginal peoples in Canada have experienced, directly or indirectly, the effects of residential schools. Some Aboriginal people have also experienced the phenomenon known as institutionalization, as a result of residential school experiences, experiences over which they had no control and that were demanded by law. Some Aboriginal people in Canada have moved from the residential school institutions to similar newly developed institutions such as shelters and to established institutions such as the correctional system, or both. Indeed, Aboriginal peoples are overrepresented in all such institutions. In this paper, I seek to demonstrate the association between Aboriginal peoples’ experiences in and of residential schools and subsequent adult institutionalization. Attempts to ‘civilize’ Aboriginal peoples through cultural assimilation may have instead resulted in intergenerational institutionalization among many Aboriginal peoples in Canada.
Stuck in the Ways of the South: How Meritocracy, Bureaucracy, and a One-Size-Fits-All Approach to Child Welfare fails Nunavut’s Children
Authors: Johnston Patricia
Published: June 2020

Based on qualitative research that explored the experiences of social workers in Nunavut’s child welfare system, this paper examines the current approach to child welfare in light of a critical report issued by Canada’s Auditor General in March 2011. Through a discussion of meritocracy, this study highlights the problematic approach to child welfare used by the Government of Nunavut, particularly in their reliance on Qallunaat or nonInuit social workers. The territory’s current child welfare system, modeled on child welfare systems operating throughout southern Canada, does little to change the status quo and instead serves to maintain the colonial power structure in place for the last 50 years. This study determined that a unique and culturally relevant approach to child welfare is needed in Nunavut and Inuit traditional knowledge is essential is the move towards this important goal2.
“Make Them Stop it”: What Aboriginal Children and Youth in Australia Are Saying About Bullying
Authors: Coffin Juli
Published: June 2020

This paper explores and summarizes a three year research program into contextualizing bullying in an Aboriginal cultural environment for youth and children. Bullying is not a new concept; it has been passed down from one generation to the next for many years. Effects of bullying can be long term and often manifest as being the causal pathway to other undesirable behaviours. Among children and youth effects of bullying are seen in many forms, for Aboriginal children and youth these effects are magnified. Aboriginal children and youth are already over represented in truancy, juvenile detention and anti social behaviours, bullying is in the mix and it is preventable. Intra racial bullying and turning inward on one’s own cultural group is surely a cry for help with these complex and intricate relationship issues. This paper concludes by considering some of the implications of these findings for future research and conceptualization and has practical solutions for those who are in the care and position to influence the outcomes for Aboriginal communities.
Investigating the Linkages between FASD, Gangs, Sexual Exploitation and Woman Abuse in the Canadian Aboriginal Population: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Totten Mark ,   The Native Women’s Association of Canada
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study, prepared for the Native Women’s Association of Canada (NWAC) and funded by Health Canada First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, is to provide an exploratory investigation into the linkages and to begin a journey into making the connection between FASD, sexual exploitation, gangs, and extreme violence in the lives of young Aboriginal women. Emerging data from Aboriginal gang intervention and exit projects in Canada suggest that many women experience sexual slavery and extreme violence in gangs, and that a disproportionate number also suffer from Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. Although much more research is required, preliminary data point to the importance of developing prevention strategies targeted at addressing family violence, drug and alcohol abuse, poverty, the social determinants of health and the history of colonization of Aboriginal Peoples. This work should focus on the strength and resiliency of Aboriginal peoples.
Narrative as Lived Experience
Authors: Wesley-Esquimaux Cynthia
Published: June 2020

My concern is these serious issues will continue to worsen, as a domino effect that our Ancestors have warned us of in their Prophecies (Arvol Looking Horse, May 2010). Aboriginal peoples have walked a long way through a landscape of loss and determination since early contact with Europeans. Today Indigenous authors, healers and spokespeople are asking our people to awaken fully and begin the process of reviving and practicing the seven sacred values that guided our ancestors and ensured that we might live today. The Prophesies and Creation stories contain the encouragement our people need to unburden themselves of deeply embedded historic trauma and loss. We have work to do; to tell our own stories, to actively participate in rescripting the narrative of our lives and representations, and to do this in our own voices (Nissley, 2009). This paper is a narrative of the historic challenges that have shadowed the many since ‘his-story’ began interspersed with the story of my own lived experience.
Voice of a Leader: If you Truly Believe Children are our Future - the Future is Now!
Authors: Christian Wayne
Published: June 2020

This paper is based on a speech by Chief Wayne Christian the Co-keynote speaker for the “Gathering and Sharing Wisdom Conference” held in Victoria BC October 6th & th, 2010. He shares the history of his community, their children and how state policies, legislation and laws have affected a way of life for his people. He illustrates through narrative the importance of re-learning our cultural practices. Chief Christian begins his account by quoting a historical approach remembered by many Indigenous people in which the government policy of the day sought to “Kill the Indian in the Child.” Chief Christian noted that First Nations people have resisted this policy, but importantly, he discussed how balance can be restored today for Indian children.
Re-Conceptualizing Research: An Indigenous Perspective
Authors: Ormiston Naadli Todd
Published: June 2020

This paper validates the differing in which Indigenous people are re-conceptualizing research as a form of decolonization, regeneration of cultures and communities, and ultimately self- determination. Indigenous people are taking control of their own destinies by providing needed solutions from within, as individuals, communities and Nations. This paper provides suggestions to indigenize the research process. This paper also includes principles provided by Irabinna (Dr. Lester Rigney) of Australia, the need to historicize, politicize, strategize and actualize our beings and our futures. Ultimately, the inspiration to write this paper comes from my Tlingit ancestors.
Youth Custody: Exercising Our Rights and Responsibilities to Indigenous Youth
Authors: Wickham Molly
Published: June 2020

Colonization is a common experience amongst Indigenous youth; the effects of which have contributed to an over representation of Indigenous youth in correctional facilities in British Columbia (B.C). Placing youth in custody violates Indigenous values and child rearing practices and advances internalized oppression by focusing on the individual as the problem. In order to counter these effects, Indigenous youth in custody require education and engagement in the areas of colonization and decolonization. This paper discusses how the youth justice system in B.C fails Indigenous youth and how one group of young Indigenous people have acted upon their responsibility to support their incarcerated brothers and sisters.
Diagnosis as a Naming Ceremony: Caution Warranted in Use of the DSM-IV with Canadian Aboriginal Peoples
Authors: Overmars Danika
Published: June 2020

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th is the primary tool for diagnosis of mental disorders used in the field of mental health. Despite the widespread use of the DSM-IV there are limits to its applications, particularly with Canadian Aboriginal people. This paper draws parallels between the process of diagnosis and an Aboriginal naming ceremony used by the Coast-Salish people in British Columbia. Caution is suggested when applying Western based diagnoses to Aboriginal people due to the lack of cultural relevance and recommendations are made for appropriate use. Edition (DSM-IV; APA, 1994)
The Culture of Strengths Makes Them Feel Valued and Competent: Aboriginal Children, Child Welfare, and a School Strengths Intervention
Authors: Brownlee Keith , Rawana Edward , MacArthur Julia , Probizanski Michelle
Published: June 2020

Schools are an important community partner in providing structural supports and wrap around services for children involved with the child welfare system. In this paper, we discuss the implementation of a culturally sensitive strengths-based intervention approach within an elementary school and its value to Aboriginal children. This article discusses the theoretical foundation of the strengths intervention approach and provides a description of a strength assessment tool as well as the implementation of the intervention with specific relevance to Aboriginal students involved with the child welfare system. Two case studies are presented, which illustrate the value of the strengths approach for individual students.
Historical Trauma, Race-based Trauma and Resilience of Indigenous Peoples: A Literature Review
Authors: Fast Elizabeth , Collin-Vézina Delphine
Published: June 2020

This literature review examines the various responses to trauma suffered by Indigenous peoples as a result of governmental policies geared towards assimilation. Both traumatic and resilient responses are demonstrated at the individual, family and community levels. Much of the research that has been done in the United States to develop theories around historical trauma and race-based traumatic stress may also be applied to Canada’s First Nations due to similar histories of oppression and colonization. Overall, the research finds that self government and a connection to culture and spirituality result in better outcomes for Indigenous peoples.
The Frontline of Revitationalization: Influences Impacting Aboriginal Helpers
Authors: Goodleaf Suzy , Gabriel Wanda
Published: June 2020

Over the past two decades Aboriginal people have been transforming family, community and national life. With a fierce determination a movement that motivates change to heal destructive colonial and abusive patterns that has been simmering. On the front line of this movement are our elders, healers, counselors, social workers, police, teachers and faith keepers. The challenges facing the front line workers are very personal and at times political. This article seeks to shed light on the challenges of those on the front line of revitalization. It is based on the authors' experiences and observations of Aboriginals professionals and para-professionals (helpers) who are employed in their home communities, and highlights the specific influences they often face on a daily basis.
Family Counselling as Decolonization: Exploring an Indigenous Social-Constructivist Approach in Clinical Practice
Authors: Stewart Suzanne
Published: June 2020

In Canada, Indigenous peoples’ lives are shaped by relationships with their families. These relationships are defined by traditional Indigenous conceptions of connectedness with the earth, communities, and the many relations that occur within these contexts and are based on what is termed Indigenous ways of knowing. These relationships are also described through a concept of Western social constructivism. Social constructivism is an ideal mate for Indigenous ways of knowing in the practice of family counseling because it recognizes the importance of culture and context in understanding what occurs in human interactions when constructing knowledge based on this understanding. Indigenous ways of knowing have been of recent and growing interest to family mental health practitioners and policy makers who are seeking to support clients in decolonization processes. Family service providers who work in a Western social service or health care setting have an interest in exploring forms of sociocultural theory and practice, such as Indigenous ways of knowing, in order to address and further the practitioner-family interaction and to benefit both individuals and communities in a responsible and sustainable manner. Using current and historical literature, this article presents a summary of issues and guidelines for a hybrid approach that brings together Western and Indigenous approaches for family service workers (such as counselors, social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists), and a set of guidelines for practical application. Implications of how these practices can positively impact and promote community mental health in the current climate of recovery from colonialism and cultural genocide are presented.
If We Show Them Will They Come? Attitudes of Native American Youth Towards Higher Education
Authors: Oliphant Emmerentine , Templeman Sharon B.
Published: June 2020

Indigenous health research should reflect the needs and benefits of the participants and their community as well as academic and practitioner interests. The research relationship can be viewed as co-constructed by researchers, participants, and communities, but this nature often goes unrecognized because it is confined by the limits of Western epistemology. Dominant Western knowledge systems assume an objective reality or truth that does not support multiple or subjective realities, especially knowledge in which culture or context is important, such as in Indigenous ways of knowing. Alternatives and critiques of the current academic system of research could come from Native conceptualizations and philosophies, such as Indigenous ways of knowing and Indigenous protocols, which are increasingly becoming more prominent both Native and non-Native societies. This paper contains a narrative account by an Indigenous researcher of her personal experience of the significant events of her doctoral research, which examined the narratives of Native Canadian counselors’ understanding of traditional and contemporary mental health and healing. As a result of this narrative, it is understood that research with Indigenous communities requires a different paradigm than has been historically offered by academic researchers. Research methodologies employed in Native contexts must come from Indigenous values and philosophies for a number of important reasons and with consequences that impact both the practice of research itself and the general validity of research results. In conclusion, Indigenous ways of knowing can form a new basis for understanding contemporary health research with Indigenous peoples and contribute to the evolution of Indigenous academics and research methodologies in both Western academic and Native community contexts.
Torres Strait Island Parents’ Involvement in their Children’s Mathematics Learning: A Discussion paper
Authors: Ewing Bronwyn
Published: June 2020

This paper is a beginning point for discussing what the literature states about parents’ involvement in their children’s mathematics education. Where possible it will focus on Torres Strait Islander Peoples. Little is known about how Torres Strait Islander parents approach their children’s learning of mathematics and how important early mathematics is to mothers. What is known is that is they are keen for their children to receive an education that provides them with opportunities for their present and future lives. However, gaining access to education is challenging given that the language of instruction in schools is written to English conventions, decontextualised and disconnected from the students’ culture, community and home language. This paper discusses some of the issues raised in the literature about what parents are confronted with when making decisions about their children’s education.
First Nations Children Count: Enveloping Quantitative Research in an Indigenous Envelope
Authors: Blackstock Cindy
Published: June 2020

Indigenous peoples repeatedly call for disaggregated data describing their experience to inform socio-economic and political policy and practice change (United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, 2003; UNICEF, 2003; Rae & the Sub Group on Indigenous Children and Youth, 2006). Although there has been significant discourse on the destructive historical role of western research with Indigenous communities (RCAP, 1996; Smith, 1999; Schnarch, 2004) and more recently on cultural adaptation of qualitative research methods (Smith, 1999; Bennet, 2004; Kovach, 2007), there has been very little discussion on how to envelope western quantitative social science research within Indigenous ways of knowing and being. This paper begins by outlining the broad goals of Indigenous research before focusing on how quantitative research is used, and represented, in the translation of Indigenous realities in child health and child welfare. Given the rich diversity of Indigenous peoples and their knowledges, this paper is only capable of what respected Indigenous academic Margo Greenwood (2007) would term “touching the mountaintops’ of complex and sacred ideas.
Going Back to the Roots: Using the Medicine Wheel in the Healing Process
Authors: Twigg Robert C. , Hengen Thomas
Published: June 2020

This article describes Building A Nation, a store front program located in the heart of the core neighbourhood (west side) of Saskatoon and its use of the Medicine Wheel in providing a blend of traditional and western support services including supportive therapy to those who come through its doors. This article begins with a discussion of the need for culturally safe and competent counselling programs and how Building A Nation meets that need. Following this the paper discusses the Medicine Wheel and how the Medicine Wheel is used in the Building A Nation program. This article is a step toward completing the recommendation by the Aboriginal Healing Foundation that Building A Nation “provide more clarity about how western and traditional healing methods complement each other or blend together (Aboriginal Healing Foundation 2006, p. 275).
Mental Health Promotion as a Prevention and Healing Tool for Issues of Youth Suicide in Canadian Aboriginal Communities
Authors: Wortzman Rachel L.
Published: June 2020

This article discusses the appropriateness of using mental health promotion as a prevention and healing tool for Canadian Aboriginal youth dealing with issues of suicide. Strengths of mental health promotion in the context of this population include its emphasis on community-wide approaches, consideration of root causes of mental health issues, recognition of culture as a protective factor, and integration of diverse forms of knowledge. Limitations include an inadequate role for spirituality, lack of culturally-sensitive program evaluation, and emphasis on Western patterns of time, space, and communication. In response to this analysis, recommendations are proposed that could guide the development of future mental health promotion programs.
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Standards: Supporting Children in the Care of Children’s Services
Authors: Badry Dorothy
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this research was to examine the utilization of enhanced practice standards for children in care with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). Children in care with FASD represent a vulnerable population and require multiple supports from a cross-disciplinary perspective. Children removed from the care of their parents were identiﬁed as having needs beyond standard care provided within Children’s Services in Alberta. To address this concern a project was initiated in 2002 and completed in 2005 which identiﬁed positive beneﬁt from an increase in caseload hours for workers responsible for children with FASD in the Aboriginal Unit including more contact with children and additional supports for foster parents. Standards regarding family visitation are also highlighted. An additional casework position was developed in order to decrease caseloads and meet the standards. Changing the way child welfare and foster care services are delivered for children with FASD is an important phenomenon to study and this research may guide future interventions.
Rethinking Social Work Education for Indigenous Students: Creating Space for Multiple Ways of Knowing and Learning
Authors: Ives Nicole G. , Aitken Oonagh , Loft Michael , Phillips Morgan
Published: June 2020

McGill University School of Social Work initiated a research project in October 2005 to examine the social work education and ongoing professional needs of the First Nations communities of Kahnawake and Kanehsatake. These communities had previously been served by a 30-credit certiﬁcate program. Using qualitative methodology, the project sought to gather data which would eventually assist in the development of a curriculum and pedagogical approach that would reﬂect the social and cultural reality of these communities as part of the regular BSW program. This paper describes the process, key ﬁndings, and potential next steps for the School.
Loss of Trust Among First Nation People: Implications when Implementing Child Protection Treatment Initiatives
Authors: Thibodeau Steven , Peigan Faye North
Published: June 2020

Social workers and other health care providers have been asked to develop and implement innovative and culturally sensitive treatment initiatives in First Nation communities. However, because of traumatization and oppression, many First Nations people face troubling psycho-social issues which have resulted in a diminished capacity to trust. If this loss of trust is not dealt with skillfully, it can impede the ability of social workers to implement initiatives. Through a process of person-centred interviewing, 36 participants identiﬁed four levels of trust that have been diminished among many First Nations people. The impact of this phenomenon on the development and implementation of community based initiatives is discussed in this article.