bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les centres éducatifs fermés pour les adolescents sont-ils une alternative à la prison ?
Authors: Vuattoux Arthur
Published: November 2016

Depuis près de quinze ans, les centres éducatifs fermés (CEF) de la Protection judiciaire de la jeunesse (PJJ) prennent en charge des mineur.e.s confronté.e.s à la justice pénale. Ces centres héritent des tendances contemporaines à l’individualisation des sanctions pénales et à la responsabilisation des individus, en exerçant une emprise sur les jeunes placés (emprise éducative, sanitaire) finalement plus forte qu’en détention. Dans cet article tiré de ces travaux sur la prise en charge judiciaire des adolescent.e.s, Arthur Vuattoux montre que ces centres, loin de se substituer à la prison, étendent au contraire la logique carcérale à des prises en charge a priori non carcérales.
Des quartiers relégués au contrôle des prisons : l’action libre d’un haut fonctionnaire
Authors: Chantraine Gilles , Epstein Renaud
Published: November 2016

Jean-Marie Delarue a été contrôleur général des lieux de privation de liberté de 2008 à 2014. Premier titulaire du poste, il a permis à cette autorité administrative indépendante chargée de veiller au respect des droits fondamentaux dans les lieux d’enfermement de trouver sa place dans le paysage administratif français. Son action a marqué le débat autour de la prison grâce à son indépendance et sa capacité à rendre visibles des problèmes et audibles des personnes qui étaient tenus à l’écart du débat public. Mouvements a souhaité interroger ce haut fonctionnaire atypique qui, par le courage de ses prises de position, a construit un parcours au service de l’Etat et des citoyen.ne.s trop rare dans les cercles de la décision publique. En revenant sur son itinéraire, de la faculté de Vincennes à l’ENA, de la Délégation interministérielle à la Ville au Contrôle général des lieux de privation de liberté en passant par la Direction des libertés publiques du ministère de l’Intérieur, Jean-Marie Delarue nous livre une réflexion critique sur l’exclusion et l’enfermement, mais aussi sur les transformations de l’État et la formation intellectuelle de ceux et celles qui le dirige.
Politiques de la délégitimation : de la remise en cause de la double nationalité au projet d’extension de la déchéance de nationalité
Authors: Mazouz Sarah
Published: November 2016

En se saisissant du débat actuel sur la déchéance de nationalité pour les binationaux, Sarah Mazouz met au jour le contenu idéologique qu’il recèle : une conception inégalitaire et naturalisante de la nationalité française. En effet cette dernière, qui était jusque-là un droit, deviendrait un octroi de faveur pour certain.e.s tandis qu’elle est naturelle pour d’autres. L’État signifie ainsi qu’il peut (re)prendre ce qui a été acquis de droit, ou attribué à la naissance. Au-delà, en les disqualifiant comme Français.e.s, la suspicion qui plane sur le groupe des binationaux.nales exprime, tout en les renforçant, l’assignation raciale et la stigmatisation auxquelles ces Français.e.s sont soumis.e.s. Car si le groupe des binationaux.nales ne se limite pas aux personnes assignées à une identité d’Arabes ou de Noir.e.s, c’est principalement elles qui sont visées par les différentes polémiques qui leur intiment de donner plus de gages ou de preuves de leur adhésion à la France.
IL-17–Producing Innate and Pathogen-Specific Tissue Resident Memory γδ T Cells Expand in the Lungs of Bordetella pertussis–Infected Mice
Authors: Misiak Alicja , Wilk Mieszko M. , Raverdeau Mathilde , Mills Kingston H. G.
Published: November 2016

γδ T cells play a role in protective immunity to infection at mucosal surface, but also mediate pathology in certain autoimmune diseases through innate IL-17 production. Recent reports have suggested that γδ T cells can have memory analogous to conventional αβ T cells. In this study we have examined the role of γδ T cells in immunity to the respiratory pathogen Bordetella pertussis. γδ T cells, predominantly Vγ4−γ1− cells, produced IL-17 in the lungs as early as 2 h after infection. The bacterial burden during primary infection was significantly enhanced and the induction of antimicrobial peptides was reduced in the absence of early IL-17. A second peak of γδ T cells is detected in the lungs 7–14 d after challenge and these γδ T cells were pathogen specific. γδ T cells, exclusively Vγ4, from the lungs of infected but not naive mice produced IL-17 in response to heat-killed B. pertussis in the presence of APC. Furthermore, γδ T cells from the lungs of mice reinfected with B. pertussis produced significantly more IL-17 than γδ T cells from infected unprimed mice. γδ T cells with a tissue resident memory T cell phenotype (CD69+CD103+) were expanded in the lungs during infection with B. pertussis and proliferated rapidly after rechallenge of convalescent mice. Our findings demonstrate that lung γδ T cells provide an early source of innate IL-17, which promotes antimicrobial peptide production, whereas pathogen-specific Vγ4 cells function in adaptive immunological memory against B. pertussis.
Complement Component 3 Regulates IFN-α Production by Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells following TLR7 Activation by a Plant Virus–like Nanoparticle
Authors: Lebel Marie-Ève , Langlois Marie-Pierre , Daudelin Jean-François , Tarrab Esther , Savard Pierre , Leclerc Denis , Lamarre Alain
Published: November 2016

The increasing use of plant viruses for the development of new vaccines and immunotherapy approaches poses questions regarding the mechanism by which the mammalian immune system recognizes these viruses. For example, although natural Abs (NA) and complement are key components of the innate immune system involved in the opsonization, phagocytosis, and destruction of microorganisms infecting mammals, their implication in plant virus recognition and immunogenicity is not well defined. In this study, we address the involvement of NA and the complement system in the activation of innate immunity through engagement of TLR7 with papaya mosaic virus (PapMV)-like nanoparticles. We demonstrate that NA, although binding to PapMV, are not involved in its recognition by the immune system. On the other hand, C3 strongly binds to PapMV nanoparticles and its depletion significantly reduces PapMV’s interaction with immune cells. Unexpectedly, however, we observed increased immune cell activation following administration of PapMV to complement-depleted mice. TLR7 activation by PapMV in the absence of C3 induced higher IFN-α production, resulting in superior immune cell activation and increased immunotherapeutic properties. In conclusion, in this study we established the involvement of the complement system in the recognition and the phagocytosis of PapMV nanoparticles and identified an unsuspected role for C3 in regulating the production of IFN-α following TLR7 activation.
Surgical Planning for Resection and Reconstruction of Facial Cutaneous Malignancies
Authors: Erkul Evren , Patel Krishna G , Day Terry
Published: November 2016

Skin cancer can be categorized into cutaneous melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The latter includes such histologies as Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Of these, BCC and SCC are the most common skin cancers of the head and neck while malignant melanoma is the most aggressive. Sunscreen protection and early evaluation of suspicious areas remain the first line of defense against all skin cancers. When prevention fails, the gold standard of skin cancer management involves a multidisciplinary approach which takes into account tumor location, stage and biology of disease, and availability of resources. Proper diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning must all be addressed prior to initiating interventions. When surgery is indicated, facial reconstruction is a key aspect of the overall treatment plan and requires informed forethought as well as experience and skill. Here, we present an overview of surgical reconstruction recommendations and considerations for the subsites involved in head and neck skin cancer.

How to cite this article

Erkul E, Patel KG, Day T. Surgical Planning for Resection and Reconstruction of Facial Cutaneous Malignancies. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(3):149-164.
External Approach for the Treatment of the Aging Nasal Tip
Authors: Melissa Hu
Published: November 2016

Changes seen in the nose from increased skin elasticity, weakened nasal cartilages, and detachment of ligaments can lead to cosmetic and functional impairment. Esthetically, the nasal tip droops, the nose lengthens, the columella shortens, and the ala collapse. Functionally, the internal and external nasal valves weaken, the anterior nares narrow, and airway turbulence increases, thus contributing to the effect of nasal obstruction. Skin redundancy of the elderly nose may compromise outcomes when typical rhinoplasty techniques are applied. Herein is described a technique pioneered by Fred Stucker, involving a direct external approach to address the aging nasal tip. The technique can be performed under local anesthesia and in combination with other procedures for the aging nose, such as rhinophyma excision or septoplasty for the aging nose.

How to cite this article

Hu M. External Approach for the Treatment of the Aging Nasal Tip. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(3):165-167.
Management of the Crooked Nose
Authors: Scordino Jessica W , Stucker Frederick J
Published: November 2016

Aim:

To describe an approach for the diagnosis and management of patients presenting with crooked nose.

Background

Patients with crooked nose suffer from functional ailments, most significant nasal obstruction, as well as esthetic concerns which may impact their self-image as well as others’ perception of them. As such, management of the crooked nose is an especially challenging task in that it demands careful attention to both nasal function and appearance. There are a plethora of surgical techniques which may be utilized, and the surgeon's approach must be tailored to each individual patient's presentation.

Technique

Accurate diagnosis is imperative for a successful outcome and relies on a thorough history and careful physical examination. Surgical intervention may be addressed by either an endonasal or open approach based on the location and severity of the deformity. It is helpful to break down the nose in vertical thirds when planning your surgical approach. Different techniques are used to address the upper third comprising the nasal bones, middle third composed of the upper lateral cartilages and septum, and the lower third composed of the lower lateral cartilages and caudal septum.

Conclusion

Management of the crooked nose is a technically challenging endeavor that highlights the need to address both form and function for a successful outcome. Effective treatment can significantly improve a patient's quality of life leading to a high level of satisfaction for both the patient and the surgeon.

How to cite this article

Scordino JW, Stucker FJ. Management of the Crooked Nose. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(3):168-172.
Management of Rhinophyma
Authors: Lian Timothy S , Thompson Richard W
Published: November 2016

Rhinophyma is a condition that can cause significant disfigurement as well as functional impairment of the nose. It results from hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the sebaceous glands and can be a manifestation of advanced staged rosacea. If left untreated, not only can it cause disfigurement, rhinophyma can also result in nasal airway obstruction by marked ptosis and collapse of the external nasal valve. Surgical excision is the definitive treatment as rhinophyma does not spontaneously regress. Though various surgical techniques are available for the treatment of rhinophyma, a specific technique using tumescent anesthesia, sharp dissection, and argon beam coagulation has been found to be most efficacious. This technique and its advantages are described.

How to cite this article

Lian TS, Thompson RW. Management of Rhinophyma. Int J Head Neck Surg 2016;7(3):188-191.
Multidisciplinary Management of Candidates for Maxillary Sinus Augmentation by a Surgeon and ENT Specialist
Authors: Danesh-Sani Seyed Amir
Published: November 2016

How to cite this article

Danesh-Sani SA. Multidisciplinary Management of Candidates for Maxillary Sinus Augmentation by a Surgeon and ENT Specialist. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):881-883.
Use of the Tooth Coronal Pulp Index for Recognition of the Pubertal Growth Period
Authors: Burhan Ahmad S , Nawaya Fehmieh R
Published: November 2016

Aim

The present study aimed to investigate the association between the tooth coronal index (TCI) and the pubertal growth stages (PGS) for children and adolescents.

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study was performed using retrospectively collected panoramic and hand-wrist radiographs of 262 individuals (125 males, 137 females). The coronal height (CH) and the coronal pulp cavity height (CPCH) of the left mandibular teeth were measured. Then the TCI for which was calculated according to Ikeda et al (1985). The estimated TCI for individuals with the following PGS after Fishman (1987) are: SMI 4 (S), SMI 5 (DP3 cap), SMI 6 (MP3 cap) and SMI 7 (Mp5 cap). The associations between the TCI and the PGS were investigated by correlation coefficient of Spearman's rho, and the validity values for the PGS were computed.

Results

Significant correlations were noted between the simple TCI values for premolars and molars and the PGS, and the highest correlation was for the summed TCI for both first and second molars. Utilizing the validity values of the summed TCI for both first and second mandibular molars, the PGS can be predicted as follows: S stage when TCI is 49.17 or lesser, DP3cap stage when TCI is 43.52 or lesser, MP3cap stage when TCI is 36.73 or lesser, and Mp5cap stage when TCI is 26.84 or lesser.

Conclusion

The TCI values declined along with the maturational process in children and adolescents. The TCI for both first and second molars was the best predictor of the PGS.

Clinical significance

Panoramic photographs can be beneficial for prediction of the skeletal maturity and treatment planning without resorting to hand-wrist radiographs.

How to cite this article

Nawaya FR, Burhan AS. Use of the Tooth Coronal Pulp Index for Recognition of the Pubertal Growth Period. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):884-889.
Socket Preservation using Enzyme-treated Equine Bone Granules and an Equine Collagen Matrix: A Case Report with Histological and Histomorphometrical Assessment
Authors: Cinci Lorenzo , Pieri Laura , Leonida Alessandro , Todeschini Giovanni , Lomartire Giovanni
Published: November 2016

Aim

To histologically assess the effectiveness of a socketpreservation technique using enzyme-treated equine bone granules as a bone-graft material in combination with an equine collagen matrix as a scaffold for soft-tissue regeneration.

Background

Enzyme-treated equine bone granules and equine collagen matrix recently have been developed to help overcome alveolar bone deficiencies that develop in the wake of edentulism.

Case report

The patient had one mandibular molar extracted and the socket grafted with equine bone granules. The graft was covered with the equine collagen matrix, placed in a double layer. No flap was prepared, and the gingival margins were stabilized with a single stitch, leaving the matrix partially exposed and the site to heal by secondary intention. The adjacent molar was extracted 1 month later, and that socket was left to heal by secondary intention without any further treatment. Three months after each surgery, an implant was placed and a biopsy was collected. The two biopsies underwent histological processing and qualitative evaluation. Histomorphometric analysis was also performed to calculate the percentage of newly formed bone (NFB) in the two cores. Healing at both sites was uneventful, and no inflammation or other adverse reactions were observed in the samples. Soft-tissue healing by secondary intention appeared to occur faster at the grafted site. The corresponding core showed a marked separation between soft and hard tissue that was not observed in the core from the nongrafted site, where soft-tissue hypertrophy could be observed. Newly formed bone at the grafted and nongrafted sites was not significantly different (27.2 ± 7.1 and 29.4 ± 6.2% respectively, p=0.45).

Conclusion

The surgical technique employed in this case appeared to facilitate postextraction soft-tissue healing by second intention and simplify soft-tissue management.

Clinical significance

Using a collagen-based matrix to cover a postextraction grafted site may facilitate second intention soft-tissue healing and proper soft-tissue growth.

How to cite this article

Leonida A, Todeschini G, Lomartire G, Cinci L, Pieri L. Socket Preservation using Enzyme-treated Equine Bone Granules and an Equine Collagen Matrix: A Case Report with Histological and Histomorphometrical Assessment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):890-896.
Shaping Ability of ProTaper Next, WaveOne, and Reciproc in Simulated Root Canals
Authors: Tonetto Mateus R , Filho EM Maia , Santos RM dos Reis , Lima Darlon M , da Silva Pereira SM , Soares Janir A , de Jesus Tavarez RR , Ferreira Meire C , Carvalho Ceci N , de Castro Rizzi C
Published: November 2016

Introduction

The study aimed to compare the shaping and preservation of the original curvature of simulated curved root canals using the following instruments: Reciproc (Rcp), WaveOne (Wo), and the ProTaper Next system (Ptn).

Materials and methods

A total of 45 resin blocks with simulated curved root canals were divided into three groups (n = 15), prepared using the Rcp (R25), Wo (25/0.8), and Ptn (X2) instruments. Standardized photographs were taken before and after canal instrumentation. After the superimposition of the images, the amount of resin removed from the curvature's inner and outer walls was measured at six apical levels, at intervals of 1 mm. The canals’ angles of curvature before and after instrumentation were subtracted.

Results

There were no significant differences between the instruments in terms of the total amount of resin removed of the inner or outer walls of the apical curvature (p > 0.05). The Rcp instruments provided the best resin removed ratios between the walls. The means of the change in angle were as follows: Wo = 2.15°, Ptn = 0.92°, and Rcp = 0.21°. WaveOne caused significantly higher deviations than Rcp.

Conclusion

All of the instruments demonstrated a tendency to straighten the simulated root canal. Instruments that use rotary movement achieved an effect similar to that of the reciprocating instruments in relation to change in angle.

Clinical significance

Deviations from the original shape of the root canal could have a negative impact on the quality of a filling and consequently on the success of the endodontic treatment.

How to cite this article

Maia Filho EM, dos Reis Santos RM, Lima DM, da Silva Pereira SM, Soares JA, de Jesus Tavarez RR, Ferreira MC, Carvalho CN, Bandeca MC, Tonetto MR, Borges AH, de Castro Rizzi C. Shaping Ability of ProTaper Next, WaveOne, and Reciproc in Simulated Root Canals. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):902-906.
Micromovement Evaluation of Original and Compatible Abutments at the Implant–abutment Interface
Authors: Berberi Antoine , Maroun Dagher , Kanj Wasfi , Amine El Zoughbi , Philippe Aramouni
Published: November 2016

Introduction

Use of compatible abutments may increase micromovements between the abutments, and the inner part of the implant may increase the stress on marginal bone level. Also micromovement will change the volume of the inner space of the implant–abutment complex. The resulting pumping effect can transport even initially immobile microorganisms from the exterior to the interior and vice versa.

Objectives

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the mechanical comportment of OsseoSpeed™ Tx implants connected with original and compatible abutments in vitro under simulated clinical loading conditions.

Materials and methods

A total of 15 OsseoSpeed™ TX implants (4×11 mm) were used and divided into three groups (n = 5). Three types of abutments were used in the study; group I: Five original Ti Design™ abutments, group II: Five Natea™ abutments, and group III: Implanet™ abutments. Abutments used in groups II and III were all compatible with Astra Tech Implant System™. Implants were embedded into resin. Simulating the human masticatory cycle, the axial force vector was increased up to a defined maximum (25, 50, 75, 100, 125, 150, 175, and 200 N) and inclined 30° to the implant axis. A radiograph amplifier was used to convert the X-ray projection into a picture. The visual evaluation of the frames and the provided X-ray videos were evaluated for an existing microgap in width and length between the implant and the abutment.

Results

An initial width gap was observed in groups II and III in four of the five samples with an average of 6.5 and 5 μm respectively. When the axial forces reach 75 N, only groups II and III demonstrated a gap width of 5.2 ± 3.63 and 4.8 ± 3.03 μm, and a gap length of 5.2 ± 3.63 and 94 ± 125.3 μm respectively. At 200 N, group I showed a gap width of 8.4 ± 1.67 μm and a gap length of 187.6 ± 43.6 μm, while groups II and III showed a gap width of 12.4 ± 3.29 and 22.8 ± 5.76 μm, and a gap length of 387.2 ± 84.36 and 641.2 ± 122.6 μm respectively.

Conclusion

Within the limitations of this study and under the parameters used and from the resulting data collected, we can presume that the use of compatible components leads to significant micromovement when compared with the use of original ones.

Clinical significance

The use of compatible prosthetic components with original implants showed significant micromovements when compared with the use of abutment and implant from the same manufacturer. Clinically, the micromovements when associated with leakage leads to bone loss around the neck of the implant and later to peri-implantitis.

How to cite this article

Berberi A, Maroun D, Kanj W, Amine EZ, Philippe A. Micromovement Evaluation of Original and Compatible Abutments at the Implant–abutment Interface. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):907-913.
Effect of Intraoral Aging on Debris Accumulation and Friction of First Molar Tubes
Authors: Chaptini Edmond , Khoury Elie , Cacciafesta Vittorio , Naaman Nada
Published: November 2016

Aim

The aim of this article was to evaluate the impact of intraoral aging and site specificity on debris accumulation and friction in molar tubes after intraoral use.

Materials and methods

A total of 80 intraorally used first molar convertible tubes were provided by 20 orthodontic adolescent patients after 6 months of treatment. The specimens were divided into eight groups (n = 10) according to the mouth quadrant and the type of examination [four groups of ten tubes for scanning electron microscope (SEM) and four groups of ten tubes for friction test]. Scanning electron microscope examination was performed after opening the convertible caps and friction test was executed using a 0.019” × 0.025” stainless steel wire, which was inserted in the tubes belonging to each group. The Mann. Whitney test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Bonferroni tests were performed for statistical analysis at 0.01 level of significance.

Results

There was a significant increase in the amount of debris and frictional force after 6 months of intraoral exposure (p < 0.0001). Debris scores were higher (10% increase) on the upper tubes when compared with the lower ones, with no statistical difference. Mean frictional force ranged from 0.22 to 0.26 N according to the mouth quadrant, but the difference between groups was also not significant.

Conclusion

After 6 months of intraoral exposure, there was a significant increase in the amount of debris in the first molar tube slots, leading to significantly higher frictional forces during sliding mechanics. The influence of site specificity on the amount of debris and on frictional forces of the first molar tubes could not be demonstrated.

Clinical significance

Molar tubes should be cleaned, before and during sliding mechanics, in order to minimize friction.

How to cite this article

Chaptini E, Khoury E, Cacciafesta V, Naaman N. Effect of Intraoral Aging on Debris Accumulation and Friction of First Molar Tubes. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):914-919.
Effect of Surface Treatments on the Bond Strength to Turkom-Cera All-ceramic Material
Authors: Al-Makramani Bandar MA , Al-Sanabani Fuad A , Razak Abdul AA , Abu-Hassan Mohamed I , AL-Shami Ibrahim Z , Almansour Hosain M
Published: November 2016

Aim

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatments on shear bond strength (SBS) of Turkom-Cera (Turkom-Ceramic (M) Sdn. Bhd., Puchong, Malaysia) all-ceramic material cemented with resin cement Panavia-F (Kuraray Medical Inc., Okayama, Japan).

Materials and methods

Forty Turkom-Cera ceramic disks (10 mm × 3 mm) were prepared and randomly divided into four groups. The disks were wet ground to 1000-grit and subjected to four surface treatments: (1) No treatment (Control), (2) sandblasting, (3) silane application, and (4) sandblasting + silane. The four groups of 10 specimens each were bonded with Panavia-F resin cement according to manufacturer's recommendations. The SBS was determined using the universal testing machine (Instron) at 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed. Failure modes were recorded and a qualitative micromorphologic examination of different surface treatments was performed. The data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) tests.

Results

The SBS of the control, sandblasting, silane, and sandblasting + silane groups were: 10.8 ± 1.5, 16.4 ± 3.4, 16.2 ± 2.5, and 19.1 ± 2.4 MPa respectively. According to the Tukey HSD test, only the mean SBS of the control group was significantly different from the other three groups. There was no significant difference between sandblasting, silane, and sandblasting + silane groups.

Conclusion

In this study, the three surface treatments used improved the bond strength of resin cement to Turkom-Cera disks.

Clinical significance

The surface treatments used in this study appeared to be suitable methods for the cementation of glass infiltrated all-ceramic restorations.

How to cite this article

Razak AAA, Abu-Hassan MI, AL-Makramani BMA, AL-Sanabani FA, AL-Shami IZ, Almansour HM. Effect of Surface Treatments on the Bond Strength to Turkom-Cera All-Ceramic Material. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):920-925.
A Case–control Study for the Assessment of Correlation of Denture-related Sores and Oral Cancer Risk
Authors: Khan Javed , Prasad B Vikas , Kakatkar Gauri S , Jain Meetu , Patel Maulik , Jain Preet
Published: November 2016

Introduction

Oral cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world. Although multifactorial, the exact pathogenesis of oral cancer is still unclear. Apart from tobacco chewing and smoking, chronic long-term irritation by ill-fitting denture is also said to be an important risk factor for the development of oral cancer. Literature quotes some amount of evidence that correlates long-term denture irritation as a risk factor for the development of oral cancer. Hence, we analyzed the correlation of denturerelated sores as a risk factor for the development of oral cancer.

Materials and methods

The present case–control study included 140 newly diagnosed oral cancer cases and 140 patients as the control healthy group. One-hour questionnaire was framed and was conducted to the control group and the study group by 10 experienced interviewers who were trained for such type of analysis. Assessment of the patients’ socioeconomic status, cigarette smoking habit, alcohol drinking habit, and oral health status was done and compared on the two study groups. Logistic regression models along with multivariate models were used for the assessment of the results.

Results

In the control group and the cancer patient group, total of 140 new cancer cases and 140 subjects were included. Out of 140 patients in the cancer group, 16 were nonsmokers, while 110 smoked cigarette in the cancer patient group. As far as alcohol consumption is concerned, 42 patients in the control group and 102 patients in the oral cancer group were chronic heavy drinkers. Fried food intake was high in both the groups. Significant correlation was obtained while comparing the heavy smokers, heavy alcohol consumers, and oral health status in both the study groups.

Conclusion

Our results favor the hypothesis that positive correlation exists between oral cancer risk and recurrent denture sores.

Clinical significance

People wearing denture prosthesis should be periodically visualized for identification of any mucosal alteration or changes at the earliest.

How to cite this article

Jain P, Jain M, Prasad BV, Kakatkar GS, Patel M, Khan J. A Case–control Study for the Assessment of Correlation of Denture-related Sores and Oral Cancer Risk. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):930-933.
Assessment of Myeloperoxidase and Nitric Levels around Dental Implants and Natural Teeth as a Marker of Inflammation: A Comparative Study
Authors: Kulkarni Gayithri H , Jadhav Prashant , Kulkarni Kiran , Shinde Sachin V , Patil Yojana B
Published: November 2016

Introduction

Dental implants form the mainstay of dental treatment involving rehabilitation of missing teeth. One of the major concerns for the clinicians doing dental implants is the postsurgical failure of dental implants. Success of dental implants is dependent upon the skills of the surgeon and the amount and quality of the bone remaining at the edentulous area where dental implant has to be placed. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitrites are few of the enzymes and molecules which are said to be altered in inflammation. However, their exact role in the inflammatory processes around natural tooth and dental implant is still unclear. Hence we comparatively evaluated the levels of MPO and nitrites in the areas around the dental implants and natural teeth.

Materials and methods

The present study comprises 42 patients who underwent prosthetic rehabilitation by dental implants from 2011 to 2014. Depth of probing value (DP), score of plaque index (SPI), gingival index (GI), and index of gingival bleeding time (GBT) were evaluated for the assessment of the periimplant soft tissue changes. Assessment of inflammation around the dental implant surface and around natural tooth was done based on the readings of these parameters. For the measurement of the MPO levels, spectrophotometric MPO assay was used. All the results were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Results

The mean plaque index values were 1.56 and 0.97 in periodontitis cases of natural teeth and inflamed cases of dental implants respectively. While comparing mean plaque index, mean probing depth, and mean gingival bleeding index in between the two groups, significant difference was obtained. Mean MPO concentration in periodontitis and gingivitis cases in natural teeth were 0.683 and 0.875 U/μL, while in inflamed dental implant cases, the mean value was 0.622 U/μL. While comparing the total MPO levels, total nitrite levels, and total nitrite concentration in between two study groups, significant difference was obtained. On comparing the healthy and periodontitis cases in natural teeth, significant difference was obtained.

Conclusion

In the inflammatory processes occurring around dental implant and natural teeth, MPO and NO make some amount of significant contribution.

Clinical significance

The present study enforces on the role of MPO and nitrite as diagnostic and prognostic marker.

How to cite this article

Kulkarni GH, Jadhav P, Kulkarni K, Shinde SV, Patil YB, Kumar M. Assessment of Myeloperoxidase and Nitric Levels around Dental Implants and Natural Teeth as a Marker of Inflammation: A Comparative Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):934-938.
Apical Extrusion of Intracanal Bacteria following use of Two Engine-driven Instrumentation Techniques: An in vitro Study
Authors: Mohammed Niyaz , Noushad MC , Balan Biji , Dhanesh N , Jayasheelan Nishi , Revankar Vanita D
Published: November 2016

Aim

The aim of the present study was to compare in vitro the amount of debris extruded apically from extracted teeth, using Twisted files and ProTaper rotary during two different instrumentation systems.

Materials and methods

Forty-five human single-rooted mandibular premolar teeth were randomly divided into three groups and contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. The teeth in experimental groups were instrumented until reaching the working length with ProTaper rotary instruments and Twisted files with XSmart and XSmart Dual groups. Debris extruded from the apical foramen was collected into glass vials and the amount of bacteria was calculated. The data obtained were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance and Mann–Whitney U tests, with p = 0.05 as the level for statistical significance.

Results

The XSmart Dual group extruded comparatively lesser bacteria compared to the XSmart group. Lesser amount of bacterial extrusion was seen when Twisted files were used compared to the ProTaper files (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Under the circumstances of this in vitro study, it can be concluded that all instrumentation techniques produced measurable apical extrusion of debris. So, it is upon the practitioner to decide which system best fits their individual needs and their level of skill and experience that will provide the best possible endodontic care for our patients.

Clinical significance

The newer instrument designs, including noncutting tips, different cross sections, radial lands, and variable tapers, are better for the clinicians to improve working safety, to reduce the working time, and to create a greater flare within the preparations.

How to cite this article

Mohammed N, Noushad MC, Balan B, Dhanesh N, Jayasheelan N, Revankar VD. Apical Extrusion of Intracanal Bacteria following use of Two Engine-driven Instrumentation Techniques: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):939-942.
A Clinicopathologic Study of Oral Changes in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Gastritis, and Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Masthan KMK , Vinesh E , Kumar M Sathish , Jeyapriya S Marytresa , Babu Aravindha , Thinakaran Meera
Published: November 2016

Objectives

The aim and objectives of this study are to identify oral changes in certain gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, namely gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), ulcerative colitis, gastritis, and to evaluate these oral symptoms as indicators for assessing GI disorders.

Materials and methods

In this study, the oral manifestations of various GI disorders were assessed in a varying age group of 250 patients in Government Stanley Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. Out of 250 patients, 142 were affected by GERD, 99 were affected by gastritis, and 9 patients were affected by ulcerative colitis. Of these patients, 177 were males and 73 were females.

Results

Evaluation of patients with gastritis revealed that 66.7% affected with gingivitis, 19.2% with dental erosion on the palatal and lingual aspects of maxillary and mandibular teeth predominantly in the anterior region, 10.1% with periodontitis, 2% with gingival erythema. Among the patients with GERD, 44% of the cases showed dental erosion, 25.5% periodontitis, 9.9% gingivitis, 5.7% gingival erythema, 2.8% palatal erythema, 2.1% gingival ulcers, glossitis 2%, 1.4% floor of the mouth erythema, and 0.7% erythema of the tongue. Patients with ulcerative colitis showed 44.4% of gingival erythema, 33.3% of dental erosions, and 22.2% of gingival ulcers and periodontitis.

Conclusion

In our study of 250 patients, oral manifestations were observed in 88% of the patients. Both soft tissue and hard tissue changes were evident. There was a high correlation between various GI disease and dental erosion, erythema at various sites of the oral cavity, oral ulcers, gingivitis, periodontitis, and glossitis. Careful evaluation of oral cavity may unveil many GI disorders and help the patient by providing early diagnosis, which further facilitates the prognosis.

How to cite this article

Vinesh E, Masthan KMK, Kumar MS, Jeyapriya SM, Babu A, Thinakaran M. A Clinicopathologic Study of Oral Changes in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, Gastritis, and Ulcerative Colitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(11):943-947.
Reinforcing Heat-cured Poly-methyl-methacrylate Resins using Fibers of Glass, Polyaramid, and Nylon: An in vitro Study
Authors: Kumar Gautam VS , Nigam Anupama , Naeem Ahmad , Gaur Abhishek , Pandey Kaushik Kumar , Deora Abhimanyu
Published: November 2016

Introduction

As civilization has progressed, there has been continued refinement of materials available for dental practice. The applications of resins have been extended to increased practical uses in numerous areas of prosthetic and restorative dentistry. Certain significant alterations in the technique of manipulation and nature of the dental product have influenced the range of application in dentistry. The present study was done to measure and compare the fracture strength of heat polymerized poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA) resin reinforced with fibers of glass, polyaramid, and nylon.

Materials and methods

The present study was conductedin vitroon 40 PMMA denture base resin specimens. Specimens were divided into four subgroups with ten specimens each and tested for transverse strength using universal testing machine.

Results

In group I, the transverse strength mean value was 67.82 MPa. In group II, the transverse strength mean value was 59.47 MPa. In group III, the transverse strength mean value was 66.87 MPa, while in group IV, the transverse strength mean value was 66.47 MPa.

Conclusion

Incorporation of 4% weight glass fibers in loose form significantly increased the transverse strength of denture base PMMA, while 4% of polyaramid fiber in random distribution significantly increased the transverse strength of denture base PMMA.

How to cite this article

Kumar VSG, Nigam A, Naeem A, Gaur A, Pandey KK, Deora A. Reinforcing Heat-cured Polymethyl- methacrylate Resins using Fibers of Glass, Polyaramid, and Nylon: Anin vitroStudy. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016; 17(11):948-952.
Compliant Role of Task Based Instruction Approach and Extensive Reading Method in Children Foreign Language Learning
Authors: Reza Parvizi Gholam , Saremi Yasser , Ghazi Majid , Reza Kargar Ali
Published: November 2016

At the beginning levels of learning English, one of the difficulties students or children encounter in learning to is making correspondences between spoken and written English. In many cases, children have become acquainted with oral language and have some difficulty learning English conventions. They need hints and explanations about certain English orthographic rules and peculiarities. Students of English even those who have not so far learned to read in their mother tongue, will take advantage from learning to read from the start of connection with a foreign or second language. This conception forms the argumentation that the researcher seeks for throughout this article. The researcher begins with reviewing basic methods of teaching reading, before reporting on and expounding the results of a pilot study of learning by day care center children. The study indicated that the early preview to extensive reading (ER) promotes their progress in understanding and speech of the foreign language. The researcher suggests that text – based programs or instruction (TBI) extracted from text book with correspondent recordings should be developed as a choice both for children and some teachers.
INTRODUCTION TO SPECIAL ISSUE: PAPERS FROM THE SESSION ON MARITIME ARCHAEOLOGY AT THE INDO-PACIFIC PREHISTORIC ASSOCIATION 2014 CONFERENCE
Authors: Walker-Vadillo Veronica , Craig JLO , Minh Ha Pham Charlotte
Published: November 2016

Compared to other fields of study, maritime archaeology is relatively new to a world of archaeological studies that have up to now mostly focused on land resources. Often, waterways are perceived by archaeologists as barriers between communities, and the seas are seen as delimiting nation’s boundaries; their use by ancient communities is often oversimplified in archaeological theories. In other cases where the role of water bodies is mentioned, fundamental factors such as trade winds, currents, nautical technology and seafaring capacities are not examined thoroughly. For the maritime archaeologists, these are at the core of their approach. Shipwrecks are not the sole focus of the maritime archaeologists, whose aim is to apprehend maritime material culture from a maritime perspective.
Neuronal sources of hedgehog modulate neurogenesis in the adult planarian brain
Authors: Currie Ko W , Molinaro Alyssa M , Pearson Bret J
Published: November 2016

The asexual freshwater planarian is a constitutive adult, whose central nervous system (CNS) is in a state of constant homeostatic neurogenesis. However, very little is known about the extrinsic signals that act on planarian stem cells to modulate rates of neurogenesis. We have identified two planarian homeobox transcription factors, Smed-nkx2.1 and Smed-arx, which are required for the maintenance of cholinergic, GABAergic, and octopaminergic neurons in the planarian CNS. These very same neurons also produce the planarian hedgehog ligand (Smed-hh), which appears to communicate with brain-adjacent stem cells to promote normal levels of neurogenesis. Planarian stem cells nearby the brain express core hh signal transduction genes, and consistent hh signaling levels are required to maintain normal production of neural progenitor cells and new mature cholinergic neurons, revealing an important mitogenic role for the planarian hh signaling molecule in the adult CNS.
How prior preferences determine decision-making frames and biases in the human brain
Authors: Lopez-Persem Alizée , Domenech Philippe , Pessiglione Mathias
Published: November 2016

Understanding how option values are compared when making a choice is a key objective for decision neuroscience. In natural situations, agents may have a priori on their preferences that create default policies and shape the neural comparison process. We asked participants to make choices between items belonging to different categories (e.g., jazz vs. rock music). Behavioral data confirmed that the items taken from the preferred category were chosen more often and more rapidly, which qualified them as default options. FMRI data showed that baseline activity in classical brain valuation regions, such as the ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex (vmPFC), reflected the strength of prior preferences. In addition, evoked activity in the same regions scaled with the default option value, irrespective of the eventual choice. We therefore suggest that in the brain valuation system, choices are framed as comparisons between default and alternative options, which might save some resource but induce a decision bias.
The Linguistic Features of Intertextuality in Jordan's Free Verse Poetry: Ayman Al-Otoum as a Case Study
Authors: Al-Khawaldeh Nisreen , Mashaqba Bassil , Huneety Anas , Amer Abu Muhareb
Published: November 2016

Intertextuality appears to be of crucial significance to better comprehend texts (Ahmadian and Yazdani, 2013).This research addresses intertextuality as an important technique manifested in modern Arabic poetry trying to investigate its conception, identify a sample of these salient embedded texts, and analyze them and their positive impact on enriching the text and illuminating some related issues such as ideology and perception of the world of experience in the Jordanian modern poetry, with special attention devoted to the recent poetry of Ayman Al-Otoum. Models representing this phenomenon in his poetry has been collected and compared with much assertion on the importance of this technique in enriching both levels: the idea and rhyme. The outcomes would be of a great importance to raise people’s awareness of the extensive impact of culture, religion, society on language, the tissue of the interrelated texts, enrich understanding of the language and enhance the translation practice and the quality of the translation output.Keywords: Intertextuality, intertextual elements, allusion, Arabic Free Verse Poetry, Ayman Al-Otoum’s poetry
An Effective Supervisory Model to Help MA English Students in the Process of Writing Their Thesis
Authors: Rahmani Sangani Hamid , Bassir Seyed Iman , Jalali Latifah
Published: November 2016

Conducting a research project and writing up a thesis could be as nearly demanding as it is essential for MA students to achieve their academic goals, particularly in developing world contexts such as Iran. One main reason for this, as experienced by some of the students, is the insufficient and inefficient guidance which the students receive from their supervisors. Meanwhile, the initial review of the available documents and syllabi in our context, Iran, demonstrated that there are no transparent comprehensive guidelines recommended for the supervisor-student relationships. In order to respond to these challenges, a multiple-case study, including four cases, was designed. Each of the four cases consisted of one MA TEFL student who was guided by a supervisory team including two of the three supervisors. The team members held their consulting sessions for each student individually. Each of the students’ activities and interactions were considered and reflected on regularly by the supervisory team in order to explore the challenges the students and their supervisors encountered and then to propose responses to them. The students were regularly interviewed about the efficiency of the whole process of the supervision, particularly the suggested responses and changes, to detect its successes and failures. An ongoing thematic analysis was used to analyse the collected data. The process helped the researchers, who were also the participants, to develop a supervisory model which hopefully facilitates the process of writing an MA thesis. The findings could be immensely helpful for the syllabus designers and supervisory teams as well as MA and PhD students.Keywords: Supervisor-Student Relationship, Supervisory Model, EL Students, MA Research, Thesis Writing
An Explicit/Implicit Lead to Producing Requests: Eliciting Learners’ Awareness or Soliciting Metapragmatic Knowledge
Authors: Ariana Nasim , Ahmadi Shirazi Masoumeh , Mousavi Nadoushani Seyed Mohammad
Published: November 2016

This study attempted to investigate the extent to which two types of pragmatic instruction -explicit versus implicit- affect learners’ knowledge in terms of their awareness and production of request strategies. Thirty students with the same level of proficiency were divided into two groups (explicit and implicit). They were exposed to listening excerpts taken from the book Tactics for Listening, with the focus on request making strategies. While the explicit group was equipped with direct awareness-raising tasks and written metapragmatic explanations on the use of appropriate requests, the implicit group was provided with a set of implicit awareness-raising tasks. Outcomes of the study demonstrate that pragmatic instruction of requesting improved learners’ awareness of both groups. Also an improvement of learners’ production of requests did take place in both groups after the interventional period. However, the explicit group outperformed the implicit one as far as production of request making was concerned.Keywords: Pragmatic competence, Speech acts, Requests, Explicit/Implicit pragmatic instruction