bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three new Oxyethira Eaton 1873 (Trichoptera: Hydroptilidae) from Pará State, Northern Brazil
Authors: NETO JAIME DE LIEGE GAMA , RIBEIRO JOSÉ MOACIR FERREIRA , PASSOS MAHEDY ARAUJO BASTOS
Published: August 2023

Three new species of Oxyethira are described and ilustrated: Oxyethira longisterna sp. nov., Oxyethira gyrosterna sp. nov., and Oxyethira acuminata sp. nov. New country records of Oxyethira macrosterna Flint 1974 and Oxyethira bicornuta Kelley 1983 are also provided.
Measurement and Management of Value Chain Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Supermarket Retailing
Authors: Mungkung Rattanawan , Nudchanate Tananon
Published: August 2023

This study quantified greenhouse gas emissions from indirect activities along the whole value chain of supermarket retailing to derive mitigation measures. Both direct and indirect greenhouse gas emission sources of a supermarket retailing value chain were identified and calculated using the national guidelines for estimating the carbon footprint for organizations, based on a total area of 13 248 m2 and operating 12 h per day. A scoring matrix was applied that considered the magnitude of emissions, the level of influence, and the risks or opportunities associated with business operations. The scoring results indicated a major contribution from value chain activities that should be included in any greenhouse gas analysis. The calculation revealed that the greenhouse gas emissions from the value chain activities were 33 784 t CO2 emitted yr−1 or 94% of total emissions. The key contributors were linked to the production of purchased goods and the management of food waste. Thus, value chain activities should not be overlooked in developing efficient greenhouse gas management strategies. Furthermore, purchased products and services carrying a carbon-reduction label should be given priority, and the application of artificial intelligence and innovation could be considered to reduce the amount of food waste from expired goods.
Minimally Invasive Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery at a Large Regional Health System: Assessing the Safety of Program Expansion
Authors: Falls Samantha J. , Maxwell Conor M. , Kaye Dylan J. , Dighe Shruti G. , Schiffman Suzanne C. , Bartlett David L. , Wagner Patrick L. , Allen Casey J.
Published: August 2023

Background

Complex, minimally invasive hepatopancreatobiliary surgery (MIS HPB) is safe at high-volume centers, yet outcomes during early implementation are unknown. We describe our experience during period of rapid growth in an MIS HPB program at a large regional health system.

Methods

During an increase in MIS HPB (60% greater from preceding year), hospital records of patients who underwent HPB surgery between 1/1/2019 and 12/31/2020 were reviewed. Operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), conversion rates, length of stay (LOS), and perioperative outcomes were assessed.

Results

267 patients’ cases were reviewed. The population was 62 ± 13 years, 50% female, 90% white. MIS was more frequently performed for hepatic than pancreatic resections (59% vs 21%, P < .001). Open cases were more frequently performed for invasive malignancy in both pancreatic (70% vs 40%, P < .018) and hepatic (87% vs 70%, P = .046) resections. There was no difference in operative time between MIS and open surgery (293[218-355]min vs 296[199-399]min, P = .893). When compared to open, there was a shorter LOS (4[2-6]d vs 7[6-10]d, P < .001) and lower readmission rate (21% vs 37%, P = .005) following MIS. Estimated blood loss was lower in MIS liver resections, particularly when performed for benign disease (200[63-500]mL vs 600[200-1200]mL, P = .041). Overall 30-day mortality was similar between MIS and open surgery (1.0% vs 1.8%, P = 1.000).

Discussion

During a surgical expansion phase within our regional health system, MIS HPB offered improved perioperative outcomes when compared to open surgery. These data support the safety of implementation even during intervals of rapid programmatic growth.
Critical Teacher Leadership and Wellness During Medical, Social, and Racial Unrest
Authors: Bradley-Levine Jill , Bender Sara D.
Published: August 2023

This phenomenological study explores the experiences of critical teacher leaders as they navigated shifting expectations, re-imagined teaching and learning structures, supported students’ expanding social and emotional needs, and addressed political interference in their work. The findings demonstrate that critical teacher leaders have not prioritized their wellness and wellbeing. In light of these findings, it is particularly important that school leaders and teachers collaborate to create structured and ongoing opportunities for teachers to learn how to maintain wellness and wellbeing.
“If I Post Stories With Fire, It’s for You”: Adolescent Flirting Strategies on Instagram
Authors: Recalde-Esnoz Irantzu , Carrasco Carpio Concepción , Anciones Anguita Kristel
Published: August 2023

With the expansion of social media and the multiple possibilities for communication they offer, flirting is increasingly developing online. The aim of this article is to analyze how the adolescent population uses Instagram to initiate and develop courtship. For this, the results of 14 focus groups held in Secondary Education Institutes in Castilla-La Mancha (Spain), in which a total of 114 students between the ages of 12 and 17 participated, are analyzed. The results show that the online courtship game has its own rules and strategies. The most common Instagram strategies are: “best friends,” the use of songs, and direct appeal for audience response. The results show that social interactions continue to be influenced by regulated and stereotyped social patterns.
Evaluation of subclinical cardiovascular risk in drug-naive pediatric patients with anxiety disorders
Authors: Akıncı Mehmet Akif , Uzun Necati , Alp Hayrullah
Published: August 2023

Objective

This study examined subclinical atherosclerosis in drug-naïve children with anxiety disorders using non-invasive measures to investigate the clinical features associated with subclinical atherosclerosis.

Method

A total of 37 drug-naive children and adolescents with anxiety disorders and 37 healthy controls were included in the study. The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T and STAI-S) were used to assess children's depression and anxiety levels. Carotid artery intima-media (cIMT), epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), and periaortic adipose tissue (PAT) thicknesses, which are indicators of subclinical atherosclerosis, were obtained by echocardiographic measurements.

Results

Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) revealed a significant main effect on cIMT, EAT thickness, and PAT thickness, independent of confounding factors such as age, sex, body mass index, mean blood pressure, and family income (Pillai's Trace V = .76, F (1, 72) = 35.60, P < .001, ηp2 = .76). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that cIMT, EAT thickness, and PAT thickness values were significantly higher in the anxiety disorder group compared to the the control group ( P < .001). In partial correlation analysis, a positive correlation was observed between STAI-T and cIMT and EAT thickness. In linear regression analyses, age and STAI-T were significantly correlated with cIMT and EAT thickness levels.

Conclusions

These results suggest that subclinical cardiovascular risk is significantly increased in children and adolescents with anxiety disorders.
Felt respect in political discussions with contrary-minded others
Authors: Rothers Adrian , Cohrs J. Christopher
Published: August 2023

What makes people feel respected or disrespected in political discussions with contrary-minded others? In two survey studies, participants recalled a situation in which they had engaged in a discussion about a political topic. In Study 1 ( n = 126), we used qualitative methods to document a wide array of behaviors and expressions that made people feel (dis)respected in such discussions, and derived a list of nine motives that may have underlain their significance for (dis)respect judgments. Study 2 ( n = 523) used network analysis tools to explore how the satisfaction of these candidate motives is associated with felt respect. On the whole, respect was associated with the satisfaction or frustration of motives for esteem, fairness, autonomy, relatedness, and knowledge. In addition, the pattern of associations differed for participants who reported on a discussion with a stranger versus with someone they knew well, suggesting that the meaning of respect is best understood within the respective interaction context. We discuss pathways towards theoretical accounts of respect that are both broadly applicable and situationally specific.
Health Economic Analysis of Antiviral Drugs in the Global Polio Eradication Endgame
Authors: Badizadegan Kamran , Kalkowska Dominika A. , Thompson Kimberly M.
Published: August 2023

Background

Polio antiviral drugs (PAVDs) may provide a critical tool in the eradication endgame by stopping poliovirus infections in immunodeficient individuals who may not clear the virus without therapeutic intervention. Although prolonged/chronic poliovirus excreters are rare, they represent a source of poliovirus reintroduction into the general population. Prior studies that assumed the successful cessation of all oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) use estimated the potential upper bound of the incremental net benefits (INBs) of resource investments in research and development of PAVDs. However, delays in polio eradication, OPV cessation, and the development of PAVDs necessitate an updated economic analysis to reevaluate the costs and benefits of further investments in PAVDs.

Methods

Using a global integrated model of polio transmission, immunity, vaccine dynamics, risks, and economics, we explore the risks of reintroduction of polio transmission due to immunodeficiency-related vaccine-derived poliovirus (iVDPV) excreters and reevaluate the upper bound of the INBs of PAVDs.

Results

Under the current conditions, for which the use of OPV will likely continue for the foreseeable future, even with successful eradication of type 1 wild poliovirus by the end of 2023 and continued use of Sabin OPV for outbreak response, we estimate an upper bound INB of 60 million US$2019. With >100 million US$2019 already invested in PAVD development and with the introduction of novel OPVs that are less likely to revert to neurovirulence, our analysis suggests the expected INBs of PAVDs would not offset their costs.

Conclusions

While PAVDs could play an important role in the polio endgame, their expected economic benefits drop with ongoing OPV use and poliovirus transmissions. However, stakeholders may pursue the development of PAVDs as a desired product regardless of their economic benefits. Highlights While polio antiviral drugs could play an important role in the polio endgame, their expected economic benefits continue to drop with delays in polio eradication and the continued use of oral poliovirus vaccines. The incremental net benefits of investments in polio antiviral drug development and screening for immunodeficiency-related circulating polioviruses are small. Limited global resources are better spent on increasing global population immunity to polioviruses to stop and prevent poliovirus transmission.
Periprosthetic effusions surrounding breast expander: a flow cytometric, immunohistochemical and molecular characterization
Authors: Sala Laura , Ciniselli Chiara Maura , Bozzi Fabio , Summo Valeria , Bonini Chiara , Brich Silvia , Bertolotti Alessia , Trupia Desiré Viola , Volpi Chiara Costanza , Pizzamiglio Sara , Paolini Biagio , Aiello Antonella , Apolone Giovanni , Verderio Paolo , Cortinovis Umberto
Published: August 2023

Introduction

The synthesis of the periprosthetic capsule during implant-based breast reconstruction is the result of a coordinate cascade of inflammatory events ending in a fibrous tissue deposition around the expander or implant. Although the development of small volumes of fluid is one of the complications of prosthetic-based breast reconstruction, the characterization of the periprosthetic effusions coupled with the micro-textured devices, that have been recently introduced after the recall of macro-textured ones, is still lacking. The investigation of these periprosthetic effusions and paired capsules in terms of immunological content were the primary and secondary aims of the present study, respectively.

Methods

For this, 68 women, 41 of whom had periprosthetic effusions at the time of expander replacement with implant, were recruited. For each case, capsule and healthy dermal tissues were taken and for women with periprosthetic effusion, peripheral blood was also collected. Periprosthetic effusions and peripheral blood were characterized by cytometry while capsules and dermal tissues by immunohistochemistry and Nanostring analysis.

Results

The results showed an increase of Th1, Th2 lymphocytes and a HLA-DR+bright CD16+ cells (likely representing monocytes-derived macrophages) in periprosthetic effusions in respect to peripheral blood. These pro-inflammatory cells were counterbalanced by the gain of suppressive CD4 Treg cells. In the corresponding capsules, immunohistochemistry revealed the absence of Th1 cells and the presence of tissutal FOXP3 Treg. No significant difference in expression of inflammatory-related genes between capsules and dermal tissues was present.

Conclusions

These results suggest the presence of a Treg-controlled inflammation in both periprosthetic effusions and capsules.
“Worst experience in my life”: Conditions of Confinement in Incarcerated Settings During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Montagnet Chase L. , Bowling Julia C. , Azari Anthony M. , Berryessa Colleen M.
Published: August 2023

Much is unknown about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the carceral experience. Firsthand accounts, however, can illuminate how the virus traveled through correctional institutions and how operational changes intended to mitigate virus transmission altered daily life for incarcerated people. Analyzing semi-structured interviews with 53 individuals released from state prisons, county jails, and halfway houses in a northeastern U.S. state between October 2020 and June 2021, this study explores the shifting conditions of confinement in the early months of the pandemic, as well as how incarcerated individuals experienced the pandemic in terms of their mental and physical health, safety, and trust in correctional institutions. Interviewees described the spread of COVID-19 in correctional environments and how it led to several pandemic-related changes, such as stoppages or adjustments to programs, visits, recreation time, and movement around the facility. The data ultimately suggest that pandemic lockdown measures, instituted to prevent virus transmission, led to environments akin to solitary confinement and compromised the ability of incarcerated individuals to connect with loved ones, exacerbated their fears about contracting the virus, and further eroded their trust in correctional institutions.
The ‘Product Environment’ is an Important Driver of Health. It’s Time to Measure It
Authors: Singer Sara , Downs Stephen J.
Published: August 2023

Through their products and services, businesses have a meaningful impact on their customers’ health. When markets reward products that induce unhealthy behaviors, like poor diet and limited physical activity, they fuel the chronic disease epidemic. For market mechanisms to reward positive, and to punish negative, influences on healthy behaviors, companies’ influences will need to be measured. Inspired by the technique of health impact assessment, we propose an approach to measuring these influences, based on examining usage patterns and the activities that result from a given product or service and then mapping those experiences to a core set of health behaviors.
Mechanical, microstructural and numerical investigations of 3D printed carbon fiber reinforced PEEK
Authors: Allouch Marwa , Ben Fraj Boutheina , Dhouioui Manel , Kesssentini Amir , Hentati Hamdi , Wali Mondher , Ferhi Mounir
Published: August 2023

In the frame of technology development, fused deposition modeling is adapted in this study to elaborate composite material from 20% short carbon fiber reinforced polyether ether ketone (CF/PEEK) filament. This printing technology has attached widespread intention as it provides a rapid prototyping parts with high performances in diverse fields. For this purpose, a set of experimental tensile and bending tests are carried out to focus on the effect of printing orientation on the mechanical properties of the designed samples. Three raster angles are considered in this investigation: 0°, ±45°, and 90°. The obtained results indicate that the printing orientation of 0°, which is parallel to the tensile loading path and perpendicular to the flexural one exhibits higher mechanical strength compared to the other orientations. Evolution of Young modulus, total elongation at failure, yield and ultimate strengths as well as deflection are also discussed. Experimental work is supported by numerical simulation and a good agreement is revealed. Microstructural analysis is performed in order to argue the observed mechanical behavior. Through the fractured section morphology, the effect of tensile loading on CF/PEEK microstructure, at various printing orientation is emphasized.
A numerical approach to investigate the effect of various fluids on the performance of a heat pipe
Authors: Mohanty Rajiva Lochan , Lather Rohit Singh , Bashyam Sharon , Chaudhuri Sumanta , Das Mihir Kumar
Published: August 2023

The present study is carried out using CFX, a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, to estimate the thermal characteristics of a heat pipe. A heat pipe consists of three concentric circular tubes with three different split sections: Evaporator, adiabatic, and condenser sections. A detailed parametric study takes water and methanol as working fluids – Additionally, a study investigates the heat pipe with condenser section subjected to ambient air. The complete analysis is performed for an existing heat pipe with given design characteristics such as orientation, diameter and length, wick structure, and the stated circumstances and intake flow to the evaporator. The results are reported and compared in graphical form. It is observed that the water improves the heat pipe thermal features in terms of temperature than that of methanol. The maximum surface temperature is recorded in the evaporator zone at 132 oC, while the lowest temperature was measured at the conclusion of the condenser portion at 87.6 oC. The condenser portion's extreme surface temperature is 79.93 oC, whereas the evaporator portion's extreme surface temperature is 127 oC. When attributes are compared at atmospheric pressure, water outperforms methanol in terms of merit. This shows that compared to methanol, water has greater heat transfer properties.
Rule 1: Remember the human. A socio-cognitive discourse study of a Reddit forum banned for promoting hate based on identity
Authors: Dilkes Jane
Published: August 2023

Detecting internet hate speech automatically is an important but difficult task that is recognised as ethically problematic. In comparison to typical computer science approaches, the current study focuses on psychologically meaningful aspects of language, and not on terms pre-defined as hateful. Data consists of the naturally occurring discourse of a gender critical feminist group banned from the Reddit discussion platform for promoting hate based on identity; this is compared with discourse of a feminist group from Reddit, that has not been banned. Notable psychologically meaningful terms of the gender critical group include third-person plural pronouns, and metonymic acronyms that reference the gender critical outgroup, which may represent outgroup derogation, and outgroup homogeneity. It is noted that the banned forum, which is shown to be an online community, may be responding to threats to identity in recognised ways. It is concluded that a socio-cognitive discourse approach to hate speech detection may help address related ethical concerns, including potential social injustice.
The Surrogacy Literacy of the Indian Surrogate: The Filmy Way
Authors: Mishra Priyadarshini , Kumar Nagendra
Published: August 2023

According to narrative theories, fiction and non-fiction literature are text types that can manifest themselves in different mediums. Cinema is a medium that imitates both text types for a screenplay. However, when a non-fiction work is fictionalised for its cinematic representation, it invites urgent and special attention on the social front. This study investigates the sexual, social and economic typecasting of Indian surrogates through the lens of Indian cinema. The landscape of the media texts used for this study ranges from two prevalent practicing modes of surrogacy in India—the traditional form of surrogacy and the gestational form of surrogacy. The traditional form of surrogacy in this article is represented in the movies Doosri Dulhan (1983) and Chori Chori Chupke Chupke (2001), whereas the movie Mimi (2021) represents the gestational mode of surrogacy. These media texts often represent overtly fictionalised accounts of Indian surrogacy and considerably tamper the authenticated contents of Indian white paper documents on surrogacy. Anindita Majumdar talks about the ‘prostitute surrogate’, a type-casted representation of Indian surrogates, where the character of surrogates is that of sexually provocative women or prostitutes. For scrutinising this prototypical representation of surrogates, the methodological framework of this paper borrows arguments from Aristotle’s theory of mimesis and Seymour Chatman’s narrative theory. The article also advocates a nascent coinage—surrogacy literacy, a literary drive to keep a check on how surrogates are represented in films dealing with sensitive technology like assisted reproduction. The possible changes in such representation due to the new surrogacy law in India are also vital considerations of the article.
Who counts as a woman? A critical discourse analysis of petitions against the participation of transgender athletes in women's sport
Authors: Jakubowska Honorata
Published: August 2023

This article aims to analyze the organizational anti-trans discourse on the presence of transgender athletes in women's sport. To achieve this, the petitions published from 2019 to 2022 on the websites of three US organizations (Save Women's Sports, Independent Council on Women's Sports, and the Women's Sports Policy Working Group) were analyzed. The analysis addressed the research questions of how this discourse defines trans women and trans bodies and reproduces the indispensability of sex segregation in sport competitions. The research revealed that the petitions’ authors identified trans athletes as biological males who have an advantage over cis women. The organizations demand that the protection of women's sport from trans women's participation and women's rights be based on the sex (assigned at birth) category. The article emphasizes that members and allies of these organizations perceive biomedical science as providing objective arguments for the sex dichotomy and the exclusion of trans women from sport competitions. At the same time, the petitions’ authors ignore sociocultural factors that influence the perception of gender dichotomy and athletic performance.
Constructing recovery: A Lived Experience and post-structuralist exploration of how the meaning of personal recovery and rehabilitation has changed over time
Authors: Brasier Catherine , Brophy Lisa , Harvey Carol
Published: August 2023

Objective

This article explores how the concept of 'recovery' has been much debated and often sits at odds with our notion of rehabilitation.

Method

This article provides a Lived Experience and post-structural commentary on the ever-changing meaning of recovery and rehabilitation.

Results

Building on the contemporary Consumer Movement’s use of the term recovery, this article explores how constructions of recovery try to create a boundary which stops people being invalidated based on their experience, or perceived experience, of mental distress. The concept of recovery has insufficiently influenced rehabilitation practices. Recovery is also frequently reappropriated, often with no or minimal consumer input, and reconstructed in line with notions of progress and improvement.

Conclusion

People with Lived Experience have challenged the concept of rehabilitation; however, rehabilitation may still have relevance if it is redefined according to Lived Experience values and recovery-oriented practice.
Evaluation of Experiences and Attitudes of Patients Towards Patient Portal–Enabled Access to Their Health Information or Medical Records: A Qualitative Grounded Theory Study
Authors: Kuppanda Preksha Machaiya , Jenkins Judy
Published: August 2023

The demand for patient-centred care and patient engagement in their healthcare has driven patient portal introduction. The widespread adoption and use of patient portals, however, has been a rather slow process in the United Kingdom. Hence, a limited number of studies have explored patient perceptions and experiences of general portal use, which forms a foundation for successful implementation of a portal. This study, therefore, focuses on the experiences and attitudes of patients regarding use of patient portals and access to their health information. It further explores various factors perceived by patients that may influence portal use and uptake. The overall findings from this study highlight positive patient perceptions of portal use. Nevertheless, it demonstrates various areas of improvement essential to ensure future success of portal implementation and acceptance.
Exploring the Subjective Experiences of Peer-Led Social Support Groups for Individuals Bereaved by Suicide
Authors: Adshead Claire , Runacres Jessica , Kevern Peter
Published: August 2023

Objectives: The insights of individuals bereaved by suicide who use peer-led social support groups are lacking in much of the clinical research. This review provided a synthesis of the existing knowledge base to support the development of strategies to improve peer-led social support group services. Design and Methods: A systematic search was carried out on eight electronic databases. Data were extracted and a systematic qualitative meta-aggregation was undertaken. Results: Key components of social support for individuals bereaved by suicide were the contribution of group dynamics to the attribution of meaning; the ways in which shared experience leads to the normalization of feelings; and the importance of support group homogeneity, consistency, and training to the participants’ experience. Conclusion: Peer-led social support groups can be invaluable for suicide-bereaved individuals, but attention must be paid to the structure, conduct, and training of group leaders and members in order to optimize outcomes.
Vascular access interventional therapy of early arteriovenous fistula occlusion leading to long-term patency: A case report
Authors: Inagaki Koji , Tsuji Masashi , Furusawa Shin , Suzuki Akira , Masuda Daiki , Takanashi Masahiro , Akahori Toshiyuki
Published: August 2023

Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) are frequently used for hemodialysis access, but approximately 15%–20% of AVFs fail to mature within 3 months of their creation. Vascular access interventional therapy (VAIVT) is typically performed for treating an immature AVF. However, it should be performed 4–6 weeks or later after AVF creation. Here, we present a case in which VAIVT effectively addressed AVF occlusion that occurred only 9 days after its creation. The patient was an 82-year-old woman with chronic kidney disease who underwent surgery to create a left radiocephalic AVF for hemodialysis. Nine days postoperatively, disappearance of the AVF sound prompted an angiography, revealing thrombosis near the AVF anastomosis. VAIVT successfully restored blood flow, resulting in AVF maturation, and with no thrombosis or flow dysfunction at 21 months after VAIVT. To the best of our knowledge, this case presents the earliest successful intervention for an occluded AVF.
Transposable Elements-Derived MicroRNA Expression Patterns in TCGA Dataset for 10 Species
Authors: Lee Chan-Mi , Jin Sang Woo , Jang Byunghyun , Ko Young Kyung , Gim Jeong-An
Published: August 2023

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that act as regulators of disease. An evolutionary approach to the disease could reveal factors such as diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis prediction. The expression patterns of transposable element (TEs)-derived miRNAs could help elucidate diseases, and their evolutionary patterns are also valuable. The 34 miRNAs were compared in terms of stage survival and tumor status in 33 carcinomas from TCGA. Expression levels were compared using a t-test and presented as differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). For DEMs showing statistically specific expression patterns for 3 conditions (normal and cancer, early and advanced stage, and survival), interactions with related genes in 10 species, including humans, were compared. The enrichment term was discovered for the gene-miRNA interactions. In 18 out of the 33 carcinomas, at least one miRNA was retrieved with P < .05 and |fold change| >.05. A total of 128 DEMs for the 9 miRNAs were identified. Based on the TargetScan database, interactions between miRNAs and genes in 10 species, including humans, were confirmed. The evolutionarily conserved miR-130a was observed in all 10 species, whereas miR-151a was only observed in humans. GO terms of related genes were selected for the miRNAs commonly found in each species. Evolutionary analysis of TE-derived disease-associated miRNAs was performed, and the evolutionarily conserved miR-130a-related carcinomas included renal and thyroid cancers. Human and rhesus monkey-specific miR-625 is associated with various carcinomas.
Deen and Dunya: Islam, street spirituality, crime and redemption in English road culture
Authors: Reid Ebony , Ilan Jonathan
Published: August 2023

This article presents ethnographic and media analysis that explores how Islam has come to shape conceptions of the material, sacred, crime and redemption in contemporary English street culture. Islam’s clear dichotomy between the mundane ‘Dunya’ and sacred ‘Deen’ shape how socio-economically marginalised, ethnic minority men make sense of the world around them. Stark inequalities have tainted the material world for the UK’s most disadvantaged, prompting them to seek redemption entirely outside it – in the world of the sacred where they can experience warmth. In analysing their experiences we highlight how paths to desistance have arguably been overlooked where analyses of Islam in street culture have focused on questions of radicalisation.
Family Partner: study protocol for a pilot randomised study of a home-visitation intervention in Norway
Authors: Pedersen Eirin , Malmberg-Heimonen Ira , Finne Joakim , Pontoppidan Maiken , Dion Jacinthe , Tømmerås Truls , Tøge Anne Grete
Published: August 2023

Aim:

Every year, about 5% of children in Norway experience severe child maltreatment and need support from the child welfare services. However, research-supported interventions for this group are lacking. The current study piloted an intensive home-visitation intervention, Family Partner, which aims to reduce child maltreatment among at-risk parents by improving parental skills, agency and trust in the welfare services, and children’s well-being. The randomised controlled trial piloted in this study examines the acceptability of the Family Partner intervention for staff and families and evaluates its feasibility for a full-scale randomised controlled trial.

Methods:

This protocol outlines a prospective, parallel, pilot randomised trial of the Family Partner intervention in three Norwegian municipal child welfare services. The participants are families with children under 12 years of age, where the parents are identified as having challenges. Families in the treatment group receive the Family Partner intervention, while families in the control group receive ordinary child welfare services. Data are collected at baseline, and at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after recruitment. The pilot study monitor retention and adherence to inform the feasibility of a future full-scale randomised study. To assess the acceptability of the trial and intervention, a subsample of the participating families, as well as the family partners and representatives of the child welfare services in each municipality, are invited to complete qualitative interviews.

Conclusions:

The results will guide the design of a fully powered randomised controlled trial of the Family Partner intervention compared with ordinary child welfare services.

Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04957394; Pilot Trial of Family Partner: a Child Maltreatment Prevention Intervention (FAMPART); registered on 12 July 2021.
Being social for whom? Issues of monetization, exploitation, and alienation in mobile social games
Authors: Lee Claire Shinhea , Seo Hogeun
Published: August 2023

This study investigates Korean teen females’ Kakao gaming culture by focusing on the political economy of mobile social games and the issue of free labor within free-to-play games. Through focus group interviews with 23 teen females, the study explores how the connective properties of the KakaoTalk platform affect the logics of Kakao Games and how gamers’ social activities become monetized and commodified by game companies. Based on the monetization strategies of free-to-play games and the theoretical framework of exploitation and alienation in digital labor, we analyze how the game companies subtly conceal viral marketing tools under the mask of socializing components, specifically by encouraging users to send invitations and hearts, as well as engage in boasting. We argue that while this process multiplies revenue for the corporate territory of game companies and platform businesses, teen female gamers are alienated not only from their game play and social labor but also from themselves and others, thus revealing commodified social relations. This study interrogates the impact of the platformization and gamblification of the game industry and underscores the risk they produce for vulnerable populations.
Joint modelling of non-crossing additive quantile regression via constrained B-spline varying coefficients
Authors: Muggeo Vito M.R. , Sottile Gianluca , Cilluffo Giovanna
Published: August 2023

We present a unified framework able to fit the entire quantile process, namely to estimate simultaneously multiple non-crossing quantile curves. The framework relies on assuming each regression parameter varies smoothly across the percentile direction according to B-splines whose coefficients obey proper restrictions. Multiple linear and penalized smooth terms are allowed and the corresponding tuning parameters are estimated efficiently as part of the model fitting. Monotonicity and concavity constraints on the smoothed relationships are also easily accounted for in the framework. Simulation results provide evidence our proposal exhibits good statistical performance with respect to competitors while guaranteeing the non-crossing property and modest computational load. Analyses on a real dataset related to vocabulary size growth are presented to illustrate the model capability in practice.
Exploring early mathematics through picturebooks: A case study in the context of Head Start
Authors: Yova Frédérique C , Wilson Jonee , Walkowiak Temple A
Published: August 2023

The purpose of the study was to better understand the phenomenon of exploring early mathematics through book reading. The study centers on Head Start and lays on Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological framework). Two sub-questions guided the qualitative single case study of six Head Start adult participants (teachers, parents, administrators): (1) What are Head Start participants’ experiences in exploring early mathematics through picturebooks? and (2) What do Head Start participants say about exploring early mathematics through picturebooks? Findings showed that participants expressed interest toward exploring early mathematics through picturebooks. Picturebooks were commonly used in the classroom but also accessible for families. Participants provided evidence of mathematics practices and discussions around mathematics in the school and in the home. The participants’ sayings and experiences in exploring early mathematics through picturebooks aligned with child development and contexts of learning, two cornerstones of Developmentally Appropriate Practice (DAP), but potential obstacles emerged. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed.
Using Community Cultural Wealth: An Asset-Based Approach to Persistence of On-Campus Black and Latinx Collegians
Authors: Grabsch Dustin K. , Moore Lori L. , Levesque Meredith , Robinson Taelor
Published: August 2023

In this qualitative study, we took a novel approach of adopting an asset-oriented mindset based on Yosso's community cultural wealth framework. We conducted individual interviews at a large land-grant institution to understand the experiences of Black- and Latinx-identified on-campus collegians. Our goal was to explore the types of resistant capital employed by collegians of color to address both experienced and anticipated opposition. Resistant capital refers to the skills and strengths individuals use to overcome challenges. In this study, we presented our findings on the challenges and strategies utilized by the participants. By delving deeper into these experiences, we hope to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the experiences of underrepresented collegians.
A new algorithm to generate randomly distributed fibers within the fiber bundle and numerical investigation of bundle cross-sectional performances in transverse compression
Authors: Gu Qiujin , Quan Zhenzhen , Yu Jianyong
Published: August 2023

Transverse compression-induced cross-sectional deformation of parallel fiber bundles usually acts as the fundamental structural mechanism for bundle-based materials. In the present article, a meso-scale insight into the cross-sectional responses of parallel fiber bundle under transverse compression was made. A novel algorithm was proposed to design and model the bundle cross-sectional meso-structure with randomly distributed fibers. The transverse compression induced bundle cross-sectional responses (including cross-sectional perimeter, area and filling factor) were simulated and analyzed based on the finite element method, and were verified experimentally for the bundle with 91 fibers. Results showed that the load began to increase significantly when the perimeter growth rate of the bundle cross-section was larger than 0.8, and the load gradually reached the peak value when the perimeter growth rate was about 1.5. The Mises stress distribution of the bundle gradually neared to the Gaussian distribution when load sharply increased. The results presented in the current paper can provide a novel method to generate randomly distributed fibers and a theoretical guidance for the mechanical properties prediction of bundle-based materials by analyzing the bundle cross-sectional deformation in transverse compression.
In Brief
Authors: Zhang Rose Xueqing , Muzzerall Parker , Liu Sophie X.
Published: August 2023

Megachurches, school shootings, financial crises, and humor vs. nativism: A snapshot of new research.
Montgomery’s Monumental Truths
Authors: Cunningham David , Simko Christina
Published: August 2023

One city, three eras: Touring the monuments of Montgomery reveals ongoing struggles over collective memories of the past and visions of the future.
LGBTQ+ People’s Views of the Police: Friend or Foe?
Authors: Vogler Stefan , Jenness Valerie
Published: August 2023

Stefan Vogler and Valerie Jenness on community views toward cops.
Redressing Racial and Ethnic Wrongs in the Criminal Legal System
Authors: Sykes Bryan L. , Ballard Meghan
Published: August 2023

Bryan L. Sykes and Meghan Ballard on racial justice acts.
What Factors Influence Variability in Thumb Carpometacarpal Arthroplasty Care? A Survey of ASSH Members
Authors: Barret Patrick C. , Hackley Darren T. , Lockhart Ellen S. , Yu-Shan Andrea A. , Bravo Cesar J. , Apel Peter J.
Published: August 2023

Background:

The purpose of this study was to gather information regarding current practices in the care of carpometacarpal (CMC) arthroplasty including the use of hand therapy, immobilization, and surgical technique, and to determine which factors influence these patterns.

Methods:

We conducted a survey from February 24, 2022, through March 26, 2022, of 3648 currently practicing members of the American Society for Surgery of the Hand. We developed an 11-item questionnaire that contained questions about surgical technique, immobilization, and postoperative therapy utilization. Results were analyzed using chi-square analysis and a Bonferroni correction was applied to account for multiple comparisons. Statistical significance was set at a P-value of less than .05.

Results:

A total of 811 hand surgeons completed the survey (22% response rate). Surgeons who are employed by the same medical center as their hand therapist use more in-person hand therapy than surgeons with other types of business relationships. Surgeons with more than 25 years of experience are less likely to recommend therapy routinely, more likely to use ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition, and less likely to be an employee of the same medical center as their hand therapist. The length of immobilization and the time at which hand therapy began were related to surgical technique.

Conclusions:

Variability in hand therapy usage after CMC arthroplasty is at least partially explained by business relationships with hand therapists and surgeon experience. Variability in the length of immobilization and the beginning of hand therapy postoperatively was more associated with surgical technique.
Safety and efficacy of eptifibatide in acute ischemic stroke requiring extracranial carotid artery stenting
Authors: Waters Michael J , Vargas Jan , Turk Aquilla , Chaudry Imran , Turner Raymond D
Published: August 2023

Background

The antiplatelet management in acute ischemic stroke requiring carotid artery stenting is heterogenous, with no clear guidelines to direct management.

Objective

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an intravenous eptifibatide protocol in the management of acute ischemic stroke requiring emergent carotid artery stenting.

Methods

We performed a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent carotid artery stenting for acute ischemic stroke at a high-volume tertiary neuroscience center, who were managed with an intravenous eptifibatide protocol. The protocol consists of an intravenous loading eptifibatide bolus (180 mcg/kg) at the time of stenting, followed by a maintenance infusion of 1 mcg/kg/min, then oral or nasogastric loading of dual antiplatelet agents.

Results

80 patients were included for analysis. Median presenting NIHSS was 17. Sixty-six patients (83%) had a tandem intracranial occlusion. Six (7.5%) patients developed symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). Those who received intravenous thrombolysis were not more likely to develop sICH (10% vs 5%, p = 0.40). Those patients with a presenting ASPECTS <8 were significantly more likely to develop sICH than those with ASPECTS 8–10 (25% vs 3%, p = 0.004).

Conclusions

Eptifibatide may have a role in the management of acute stroke requiring carotid stenting. Caution may be required in those with established infarct on presentation imaging.
Transarterial embolization and transvenous embolization for transverse-sigmoid sinus dural arteriovenous fistulas with cortical venous reflux: A comparative study
Authors: Tsukada Tetsuya , Izumi Takashi , Nishihori Masahiro , Araki Yoshio , Uda Kenji , Yokoyama Kinya , Saito Ryuta
Published: August 2023

Background

Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) with cortical venous reflux (CVR) carry a high risk for neurological sequelae or death. Recently, transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs were shown as good indications for transarterial embolization (TAE) with ONYX. Here, we compared the effectiveness and safety of conventional transvenous embolization (TVE) with those of TAE with ONYX for transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs with CVR.

Methods

Sixty-one patients with transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs were treated from April 2013 to May 2020. Among them, 37 patients with CVR were included. Transarterial embolization and TVE were compared in terms of complete occlusion and residual CVR immediately after treatment, complications with worsening modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≥ 1, amount of contrast media used during treatment, radiation exposure, and surgical procedure time.

Results

Ten patients were treated with 10 TAEs using ONYX and 27 patients with 29 TVEs. Transarterial embolization and TVE showed no differences in the overall complete occlusion rate (80% [8/10 patients] vs. 80% [23/27], respectively), whereas the residual rate of existing CVR was 10% (1/10 patient) vs. 3.4% (1/27) in the TAE and TVE groups, respectively. No complications with worsening mRS ≥1 occurred in either group. Among the parameters of amount of contrast media, radiation dose, and operative time, only radiation dose in the TAE group was lower than that in the TVE group (median: 2239 mGy vs. 3268 mGy, respectively; p = 0.07).

Conclusion

For transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs with CVR, TAE treatment reduced radiation exposure. However, both TAE and TVE achieved high complete occlusion rates and low complication rates.
Big Data technologies in criminal investigations: The frames of the members of Judiciary Police in Portugal
Authors: Neiva Laura
Published: August 2023

Big Data has been increasingly implemented in police departments. In the Judiciary Police in Portugal, although it is at an early stage of implementation, there are no studies on the topic. Based on 16 interviews with members of the Judiciary Police, their frames that portray Big Data’s benefits and harms in criminal investigations are explored. The benefits portrayed are related to its capabilities to help fight organized and transnational crimes, advance criminal investigations, and expand the availability of sets of information. The harms focus on the lack of regulatory documents, threats to human rights, and the probability of obtaining erroneous conclusions. A critical analysis of these frames may contribute to reflecting on their role to inform technology developments in policing settings, with implications for inequalities, and crime control.
The continuing need for therapeutic agents for respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: Roberts Norbert J
Published: August 2023

Respiratory syncytial virus infections recur throughout life despite induction of immunity by the first natural infection. An effective vaccine has long been sought but no vaccine is currently licensed, although promising candidates are currently being developed based on greater knowledge of the virus properties. However, there are significant populations that may not be protected adequately by a vaccine or are unable to be vaccinated. Thus, there is a continued need for effective therapeutic agents to treat the infection, especially in higher-risk individuals, a perspective presented in this article.