bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Ultra-Wideband Antenna with Triple Band-Notched Characteristics for Wearable Application
Authors: A. Rashid M. A. ,   Avery Dennison Smartrac, Shah S. M. , Majid H. A. , Musa U. , Suriani N. S. ,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia,   Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Published: July 2024

This work presents a compact UWB antenna with triple band-notched at WiMAX (3.2 GHz to 3.7 GHz), C-band (3.7 GHz to 4.2 GHz) and WLAN (5.15 GHz to 5.35 GHz) for wearable applications. The UWB antenna is fabricated on a semi-flexible thin FR-4 substrate. In order to reduce the complexity, only two slots are introduced on the radiating patch instead of three slots to reject each narrow band frequency. In this case, one slot rejects a combination of WiMAX and C-band and the other slot rejects the WLAN frequency band. The UWB antenna on the thin FR-4 material has an overall size of 21×16 mm2, which is very compact and thus, suitable for wearable applications without causing discomfort when worn on-body. Although the antenna is small in size, the performance is not compromised. The UWB antenna has the frequency range from 2.51 GHz to 12.09 GHz, maximum radiation efficiency of 100% and maximum gain of 4 dBi. Nevertheless, the antenna is able to reject the WiMAX and C-band as well as the WLAN band. The simulated specific absorption rate (SAR) results show that the antenna complies with the SAR limit Federal Communication Commission (FCC) and International Commission of Non-Ionizing Radiation Protections (ICNIRP) standards for 1 mW input power. Bending investigations performed on different diameters of Styrofoam cylinders shows that the frequency range and the notch bands are not very much affected.
Combined Effect of Nano Ferrite and Nano Silica onProperties of Cement Mortar
Authors: Salman Ghaed K. ,   University of Technology, Rawdhan Rasha R. , Bohan Azhar J. , Al-Jubouri Muhanad ,   University of Technology,   University of Technology,   Széchenyi István University
Published: July 2024

This study investigates the effects of adding nano-ferrite (N.F.) and nano-silica (N.S.) on the mechanical and biological properties of mortar. By assessing four water-to-cement ratios (1-4%), the ideal nanoparticle doses were determined. Results indicated that both N.F. and N.S. significantly increased the mortar's strength at ratios between 1% and 4%, while combinations of N.F. and N.S. improved strength up to 3% and 4% substitution, respectively. The mechanisms of strength enhancement were attributed to nanoparticles acting as fillers and hydration accelerators, which densify the mortar microstructure and promote the production of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gels. In terms of biological properties, the study examined the antibacterial effects of nano-silica and nano-ferrite. Nano-silica demonstrated greater antibacterial potency against all bacterial strains assessed. Both materials exhibited a stronger antibacterial impact on Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) compared to Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli), due to differences in cell wall structures. The study emphasizes the importance of optimal nanoparticle dosages and identifies limitations that warrant further research, such as durability and potential downsides at higher concentrations. Despite these challenges, the findings underscore the potential of nanoparticles to enhance mortar performance and suggest promising applications in construction and the development of antibacterial materials. Future research should focus on overcoming these constraints and exploring the practical applications of nanoparticle-enhanced mortar in real-world scenarios.
Breeding properties and cytological characteristics of interspecific hybrids between the Ussuri plum and bullace
Authors: Garapov D. S. , Mochalova O. V.
Published: July 2024

Background. Interspecific hybrids between the Ussuri plum (Prunus salicina subsp. ussuriensis (Koval. et Kost.) Erem.) and bullace (P. domestica subsp. insititia (Jusl.) Schneid.) were studied to discover causes of their low yields. A possibility is shown to use interspecific diploid hybrids in plum breeding for resistance to asphyxiation in snow-rich regions of Siberia.

   Materials and methods. The research materials included interspecific hybrids: Ayskaya (2n = 16), six Ayskaya seedlings (2n = 16, 24), and TSG No. 8 (2n = 32); Ussuri plum cv. ‘Altayskaya Yubileynaya’ (2n = 16), and bullace 18-119 (2n = 48). The research was conducted in 2004–2023 in the forest-steppe zone of the Ob river region in Altai. Conventional cytological andcultivar-testing methods were used.

   Results and conclusion. The yield of the Ayskaya and TSG No. 8 interspecific hybrids strongly depended on mean daily temperatures during blossoming (r = 0.77 ± 0.26 and r = 0.74 ± 0.27, respectively) when compared to the Ussuri plum. Fruit trait segregation in the Ayskaya seedlings was specific to diploid plums – variations in fruit weight (5.6–27.6 g), skin color (violet, claret, red, and yellow), and flesh color (yellow, red, and green). Most fruit traits of the seedlings were similar to those of their maternal form. The content of polyaperturate pollen in polyploids (25.0–37.9 %) was much higher than in diploids (less than 1.4 %), which means that this trait makes it possible to identify polyploids in the progenies of interspecific plum hybrids. Diploid form 12-04-309 (pollen fertility: 45.9%) was selected as a source of asphyxiation resistance for diploid plum breeding, and tetraploid form TSG No. 8 (pollen viability: 24.2 %) for hybrid blackthorn breeding.
The effect of the Ant25, Ant26 and Ant27 loci controlling proanthocyanidin synthesis in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain on plant growth and development
Authors: Totsky I. V. , Li R. , Shoeva O. Yu.
Published: July 2024

Background. Barley grain contains such flavonoid compounds as proanthocyanidins. Despite their positive effect on plant adaptation to environmental conditions, they can worsen the quality of raw materials used in barley products. In this context, releasing proanthocyanidin-free cultivars is an important task. Mutants at the Ant25, Ant26 and Ant27 loci with unknown molecular functions can be used as donors of recessive alleles of the genes specifically controlling proanthocyanidin synthesis in barley grain. This study explored the effect of these loci on barley plant growth and development. A conclusion was made about their functional role in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and the expediency of using such mutants in the breeding of proanthocyanidin-free cultivars.

   Materials and methods. The weight of grains, roots and shoots, the length of the main shoot, and the number of lateral shoots were measured in mutants and original cultivars grown in a hydroponic greenhouse. The harvest index was calculated as the ratio of grain weight to total plant biomass. Differences between genotypes were assessed using the Mann–Whitney U-test.

   Results. The ant25.264 and ant27.488 mutants showed lower values of all analyzed characters than the parental cultivars ‘Secobra18193’ and ‘Zenit’, respectively. The ant27.2043 mutant had a shorter main shoot, less grain weight, and lower harvest index compared to cv. ‘Arena’, but did not differ from the original cultivar in other characters. Mutants at the Ant26 locus demonstrated no differences from the parental cultivar ‘Grit’ in all parameters, except the ant26.486 mutant whose root weight exceeded the cultivar’s value.

   Conclusion. The effect of the Ant25 and Ant27 loci on plant growth and development was proved. Mutants at the Ant26 locus, with no negative effect on plant development, may be recommended to barley breeders as promising donors for the development of proanthocyadin-free cultivars.
Some species of Valeriana L.: comparative description of fruit morphology
Authors: Ishmuratova M. М. , Ishbirdin A. R. , Suleymanova E. N. , Baryshnikova N. I.
Published: July 2024

A case study of 33 cenopopulations (South Urals, and Central Yakutia) and 8 herbarium specimens of Valeriana L. was used to make a comparative analysis of qualitative (fruit shape, color, and pubescence) and quantitative (fruit length, width, and length-to-width ratio) morphological characters, and 1000 fruit weight among the species Valeriana officinalis L., V. alternifolia Ledeb., V. dubia Bunge, V. wolgensis Kazak. and V. tuberosa L. Fruits of V. officinalis were found to be relatively light and small, those of V. alternifolia and V. tuberosa were relatively heavy, and those of V. wolgensis were large. Fruit indices (length-to-width ratios) of V. officinalis and V. wolgensis were higher than 2, while those of the remaining species were about 2. Dependence of fruit size characteristics on altitudes, latitudes, and weather conditions was shown. Intrapopulation variability of morphological features in fruits was, as a rule, low or very low. Fruit length variability was lower in most species than the variability of their fruit widths or fruit indices. The contribution of interspecific variability to the variation in the quantitative traits of fruits exceeded the contribution of interpopulation variability. Qualitative and quantitative fruit characters of Valeriana L. spp. can be used as additional taxonomic indicators for their differentiation. The keys are provided for identification of species according to their fruit characters.
Application of combined fertilizers to improve growth, yield and essential oil composition of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.)
Authors: Giang Tong Van , Huyen Tran Thi , Hai Nguyen Huu
Published: July 2024

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a vital aromatic crop widely utilized in culinary and fragrance industries. The present study was conducted to implement a two-year field experiment (2019 and 2020) aimed to assess the impact of various fertilizers on the growth, yield, and essential oil composition of basil cultivated in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. The fertilizer treatments included: no fertilizer (control), chemical fertilizer (NPK at 90-120-90 kg/ha), cow manure, chicken manure, and a combination of chemical fertilizer, cow manure, and chicken manure. The application of fertilizers resulted in significant improvements across various parameters compared to the control group. Basil plants treated with fertilizers exhibited increased height, la teral stem count, fresh and dry yields, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, essential oil yield, and essential oil content. The essential oil extracted from basil contained notable volatile compounds, with methyl chavicol, linalool, β-elemene, and epi-α-cadinol identified as the major constituents. The proportions of these compounds varied among the fertilizer treatments. Notably, the combined fertilization approach involving chemical fertilizers, cow manure, and chicken manure emerged as the most effective and significant in promoting basil growth and essential oil production. These findings not only contribute to the optimization of basil cultivation practices but also provide insights for the agricultural community, emphasizing the importance of balanced fertilization for maximizing the quality and yield of basil essential oil in the Vietnamese context.
Source material for breeding spring barley cultivars with high grain quality
Authors: Zaytseva I. Yu. , Shchennikova I. N. , Lisitsyn E. M.
Published: July 2024

Background. The problem of improving barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain quality, in particular grain protein content, is of practical importance for breeding.

   The objective was to select high-protein genetic sources of spring barley for breeding new cultivars and search for possibilities of predicting grain protein content according to the chlorophyll content in leaves.

   Materials and methods. The studies were conducted in 2018–2020 on 28 barley genotypes of different ecogeographic origin in accordance with conventional methods. Grain protein content was assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy, and chlorophyll content was measured spectrophotometrically in acetone leaf extracts using the method: Chlorophylls and carotenoids: measurement and characterization by UV-VIS spectroscopy.

   Results and conclusion. Average grain protein content significantly correlated with the amount of precipitations (r = 0.67), the sum of effective temperatures (r = 0.75) and the hydrothermal coefficient (r = 0.76) during the growing season. Genotypes with high grain protein content, high test weight, and grain uniformity were selected. Accessions k-30574 and k-30256 showing high yields and resistance to lodging are promising for the development of high-protein cultivars. Accessions k-15619, k-30379 and k-31046 demonstrated high plasti city in their protein content parameters. Accession k-5983 was characterized by consistently high grain protein content. Statistically significant correlations between chlorophyll content in the flag leaf and grain protein content were found in a set of accessions with environmental plasticity (bi) values lower than 1.0 (r = 0.585…–0.645). A decrease in protein content was observed in extensive-type accessions with increased pigment content in leaves (r = –0.643 and –0.638 for Chl a and Chl b, respectively; r = –0.645 for the total chlorophyll). A high Chl a/b ratio may serve as an indicator of higher grain protein content levels in such genotypes (r = 0.585).
Simulation Effect of Laser Moving Speed and Spot Size on Maximum Temperature in Laser Welding Human Skin Tissue
Authors: Chabuanoi Totsaphon ,   Center of Excellence in Electromagnetic Energy Utilization in Engineering (CEEE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, 12120, Thailand., Pannucharoenwong Nattadon , Wongsangnoi Phanuwat , Rattanadecho Phadungsak , Saemathong Jedsadakorn , Hemathulin Suwipong ,   Center of Excellence in Electromagnetic Energy Utilization in Engineering (CEEE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, 12120, Thailand.,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 47000, Thailand.,   Center of Excellence in Electromagnetic Energy Utilization in Engineering (CEEE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, 12120, Thailand.,   Center of Excellence in Electromagnetic Energy Utilization in Engineering (CEEE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, 12120, Thailand.,   Department of Mechanical and Industrial, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 47000, Thailand.
Published: July 2024

Totsaphon Chabuanoi1, Nattadon Pannucharoenwong1,*, Phanuwat Wongsangnoi2,*, Phadungsak Rattanadecho1 Jedsadakorn Saemathong1 and Suwipong Hemathulin2 1Center of Excellence in Electromagnetic Energy Utilization in Engineering (CEEE), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, 12120, Thailand. 2Department of Mechanical and Industrial, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University, 47000, Thailand.
ПРАВА БАТЬКІВ І ДІТЕЙ ЗА ЙОЗЕФІНСЬКИМ КОДЕКСОМ 1787 РОКУ
Authors: Savuliak Roman ,   Львівський апеляційний суд
Published: July 2024

The Josephine Code of 1787 was issued in the form of its first part «On Personal Law». Moreover, the title of the first edition of the Code indicated that it was the first part of the Code – «Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch. Erster Teil» («General Civil Code. The first part»), and at the same time it was called «Josephine Code of Laws» or «Josephine Book of Laws» («Josefinisches Gesetzbuch»), as it had been approved by the emperor of the Habsburg Monarchy Joseph II. The Josephine Code regulated marital and family law, namely relations between spouses, parents and children, as well as the institution of guardianship. It was introduced after long-term codification work on the revision of the Codex Theresianus Draft of 1766. Therefore, the author first discloses the prerequisites for concluding the Josephine Code and characterizes its structure. The Code consisted of a Preamble and five sections, which contained a total of 293 paragraphs: 1) on laws (27 paragraphs); 2) on the rights of subjects in general (9 paragraphs); 3) on the rights of spouses (126 paragraphs); 4) on the rights of parents and children (33 paragraphs); 5) on the rights of orphans and other persons unable to manage their own affairs (98 paragraphs). The main attention in the article is devoted to the exposition of the provisions of the fourth chapter «On the rights of parents and children» of the Josephine Code, which regulated the legal relationship between parents and children. First of all, the author researches the provisions of the Code on Legitimate Birth and clarifies the legal consequences of illegitimate birth of children. The duty of parents to raise and maintain children was considered and the procedure for such maintenance defined by the Code are analyzed. The grounds, conditions and procedure for maintaining illegitimate children are highlighted. The content, scope and limits of parental authority, as well as mother's rights in relation to children, are established. The procedure for the father's management of the children's property fixed by the Code is outlined. The article also presents the provisions of the Code on adoption, including those of adults. In conclusion, the author substantiates the historical and legal significance of the Josephine Code. The author finds that a number of the provisions regarding the rights of parents and children, with certain changes and significant additions and improvements, were enshrined in Chapter 4 «On rights between parents and children» of the first part of the Civil Code for Galicia of 1797 and in Chapter 3 «On the mutual rights of parents and children» of the first part of the General Civil Code of the Austrian Empire of 1811. Therefore, the author ascertained the importance of the Josephine Code for the formation of family law of the Habsburg Monarchy, as well as for modern Ukrainian historical and legal science. Keywords: Josephine law book, family law, illegitimate birth, adoption, codification of Austrian civil law.
ГРОМАДСЬКИЙ ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ КОНТРОЛЬ: ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ ЙОГО ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ
Authors: Chopko Khrystyna ,   Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка
Published: July 2024

The article discusses the legal foundations of public environmental control in accordance with national and international legislation requirements. The environmental policy implemented by Ukraine, allowing public participation in monitoring compliance with the legislation on rational use of natural resources, environmental protection, conservation, and the formation of an ecological network, as well as ensuring environmental safety, is analyzed. The main aspects and stages of the state policy on the introduction of public environmental control are investigated, identifying certain shortcomings and proposing ways to address them. The author pays attention to the analysis of national legislative acts regarding the legal regulation of public environmental control and its main differences from other forms of environmental control. The author also analyzes the Regulation on Public Environmental Inspectors, approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine, which outlines the basic legal principles of public environmental control in Ukraine and provides a comprehensive list of requirements for individuals who wish to become environmental inspectors in the field of environmental protection, as well as defining the powers of public environmental inspectors. Furthermore, a number of other applicable legal acts regulating public control in the field of environmental protection are analyzed. These regulations require improvement and refinement, both in terms of conceptual apparatus and due to the absence of a unified structure for their placement. The article explores the implementation of law enforcement activities in the context of public environmental control carried out within the territory of Ukraine. International acts, including the Aarhus Convention, are also examined in terms of their regulation of public participation in environmental control. Keywords: environment, environmental control, types of environmental control, public environmental control, public environmental inspectors.
ЗАЯВЛЕННЯ НЕВМОТИВОВАНОГО ВІДВОДУ КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ЗЛОВЖИВАННЯ АДВОКАТОМ ПРОЦЕСУАЛЬНИМИ ПРАВАМИ
Authors: Harasymchuk Nazariy ,   Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка
Published: July 2024

Abuse of procedural rights by an attorney in criminal proceedings is manifested in a variety of ways. One of the typical examples of such abuse is the use of the right to challenge as a tool to counteract the achievement of the objectives of criminal proceedings. As a result, the rights and/or legitimate interests of other persons are violated, the requirement of reasonable time limits is not met, and the state, represented by the relevant authorities, cannot properly fulfil its obligations. In 2012, the legislator enshrined a mechanism to counteract the abuse of the right to challenge, but only in relation to repeated assertion of such a right for the specific purpose of delaying criminal proceedings. We believe that the existing regulatory framework is insufficient to eliminate abuse of procedural rights. Instead, both the doctrine and case law hold the view that filing an unmotivated challenge is also an abuse of procedural rights. In this article, the author does not support the opinion that an unmotivated (unjustified) challenge is a priori an abuse of procedural law. The author considers it to be: 1) inconsistent with the existing legislative construction of the CPC of Ukraine, since the law defines different grounds for refusing to satisfy the application for recusal (unreasonable) and for establishing the fact of abuse of procedural rights (repetition with the aim of delaying criminal proceedings); 2) contradicts the principle of adversarial proceedings, since the challenge involves defending a legal position on the existence of grounds that make it impossible for a judge to consider the case, and if a person is denied a challenge, it means that the applicant has not proved the existence of relevant grounds, but not that he or she is abusing his or her right; 3) contradicts the principle of discretion because the right to challenge is declared for the first time, in a timely manner, and is guaranteed by law, therefore, in the absence of sufficient motivation, such a challenge should be considered on the merits and denied. The author's position is not to justify the filing of unmotivated challenges. Instead, realising the negative consequences of such challenges, the author emphasises the need for scientific developments which will form the basis for legislative changes, which, on the one hand, will not violate the right to an impartial court, and on the other hand, will minimise the risk of using such a right as an instrument of abuse of procedural rights, in particular by attorneys. Consequently, the author believes that it is necessary to formulate criteria which will make it possible to detect abuse of the procedural right to challenge in the absence of a motivated application. This is seen as a promising area for further scientific research. Keywords: delay, unreasonableness, adversarial, dispositive, opposition.
ОНЛАЙН-МЕДІА: ПОНЯТТЯ ТА ЗАГАЛЬНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА
Authors: Harkot Andrii ,   Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка
Published: July 2024

The article analyses legislative innovations in the field of online media. The article outlines the prerequisites for media reform in Ukraine. In particular, the need to counteract enemy propaganda in the context of a full-scale Russian invasion and the need to control the dissemination of information in times of war. Also, the European Union's requirement to reform media legislation as a condition for obtaining the status of a candidate for membership in the EU. The term «media» is analysed. The comparison of the features enshrined in the legislation with the criteria set out in the Recommendation of the Committee of Ministers of the Council ofEurope "On a new notion of Media" is made. The main features of the media are distinguished: activity in the form of dissemination of mass information, regular or periodic nature of publication, editorial control as well as use of personalising features. The article points out the need to specify the legislative provisions on determining the cases when information is considered to be disseminated to an unlimited number of people. It is suggested that, in the case of online media, it is possible to use the existence of obstacles to access to information and the number of recipients as criteria which may be established by a coregulatory body in the field of online media. The necessity of clarifying the provisions on the requirement of periodicity of media publications by establishing maximum time intervals between publications or the minimum number of publications for a certain period of time is proved. The difference between online media and audiovisual media that use the Internet for broadcasting or providing access to catalogue of programmes is outlined. It is concluded that the main difference between these media is the form of content distribution. For audiovisual media, this form is a programme, while online media usually use a combination of text and images or video. It is emphasised that in many cases one person can be a subject of different types of media at the same time, for example, online mзаболотназаболотнаedia and audiovisual media. The problems arising from the restriction of the possibility of disseminating information by online media exclusively through their websites are pointed out, in particular, excessive restriction of the range of subjects to whom the Law of Ukraine "On Media" will apply, and the occurrence of legislative contradictions in some cases. The essential features of online media entities are highlighted, and the important role of joint regulatory bodies in formulating the criteria for classifying persons as online media entities is pointed out. Keywords: media, online media entity, mass media, mass information, media law reform.
ШВЕДСЬКЕ ПРАВО ЯК ДЖЕРЕЛО ПРАВА КИЇВСЬКОЇ РУСІ
Authors: Kobylets`kiy Mykola ,   Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка, Pakhut Jurii ,   Юридична компанія Main Business Partner
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes the prerequisites for the formation of the early Ukrainian state – Kyivan Rus. The author characterizes the Norman theory of the origin of Kyivan Rus, points out the role of the princes of the Norman and Swedish Rurikids dynasty in the formation and development of Kyivan Rus. For the first time, the scientific substantiation of the Norman theory of the origin of Kyivan Rus was carried out by German scholar G. S. Bayer, who worked at the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences in the early 18th century. In 1740, another German scholar who worked in the Russian civil service, G. F. Miller, published another paper. The arguments in favor of the Norman theory included the Scandinavian origin of the name Rus, the Scandinavian names of Rus princes and ambassadors in the treaties of Kyivan Rus with Byzantium in 911 and 944, information about Kyivan Rus in the works of the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus, and others. In contrast to the Norman theory, antiNorman, Khazar, Bulgarian socio-economic, and other theories emerged. In our opinion, the Norman Rurikids dynasty has been gradually becoming Ukrainianized since the reign of the Great Kyivan Prince Volodymyr the Great, who is known to have been the son of Prince Sviatoslav and Milusha, the daughter of the Derevlianian Prince Mal. The Normans came to the Ukrainian lands when the pro-Ukrainians already had their own state. Their influence on the development of Kyivan Rus contributed to its closer rapprochement with the dynasties of European monarchical states. We believe that the sources of the law of Kyivan Rus include Swedish land law, which was used during the conclusion of the RusByzantine treaties, the Short and Common versions of the Rus Pravda. This testified to the spread of European legal traditions of legal regulation of social relations to the legal system of the early Ukrainian state – Kyivan Rus. Considerable attention is paid to the analysis of the wording and articles of the first code of Ukrainian law – Rus Pravda, which is a source of legal regulation of social relations in the Ukrainian lands in the ninth and twelfth centuries and a reflection of the level of socioeconomic and political development. The Rus Pravda was the main legal act in Kyivan Rus and thus influenced the development of Ukrainian law in subsequent historical periods. The author shows that in addition to Ukrainian customary law, international treaties, sources of Byzantine law, and princely legislation, the Rus Pravda also used sources of law of other European nations, in particular, Swedish law. This testified to the spread of European legal traditions of legal regulation of social relations to the legal system of the early Ukrainian State – Kyivan Rus. Keywords: Kyivan Rus, sources of law, Ruska Pravda, customary law, Swedish law.
ПРАВОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ФОРМАЛЬНОГО ТА НЕФОРМАЛЬНОГО ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО НАВЧАННЯ
Authors: Baloh Kateryna ,   Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка
Published: July 2024

The article analyzes domestic legislation, legal doctrine, and other fields of knowledge regarding formal and informal professional education. Various scholarly approaches to this issue are considered, subjected to critical analysis, and proposals are made for their improvement. Special attention is paid to the classification of types of professional education, suggesting the own division into formal and informal professional education for employees. Additionally, it is proposed to classify formal education into subtypes based on the focus and location of such education. The article particularly focuses on elucidating concepts such as 'primary professional training,' 'retraining of workers and managers,' as well as 'qualification upgrading' and 'internship.' Emphasis is placed on the importance, in modern conditions of high competition and globalization of the labor market, of strengthening requirements regarding the improvement of professional skills. In this regard, the expediency of enhancing the legal framework for professional training of employees is noted. The prospects for further research in this area are outlined, especially the development and implementation of innovative methods and approaches capable of accounting for changes in the labor market in the near future. The issue of informal education is also addressed, and based on international experience, conclusions are drawn that self-education is no less important as a tool for the continuous development and enrichment of an employee's knowledge, contributing to selfimprovement and professional skill enhancement. Qualification upgrading of employees is one of forms ensuring the continuity of professional education throughout their employment. In economically developed countries, there is a trend towards increasing investment in the development of self-education systems to support the competitiveness of workers, indicating that governments and employers recognize the importance of continuous learning as a strategic direction to ensure the stability and innovative development of the national economic sector. Keywords: labor law/legislation, labor relations/legal relations, employment contract, employee, employer.
ПРАЦЕЗДАТНІСТЬ ЯК ПЕРЕДУМОВА РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ОСОБОЮ З ІНВАЛІДНІСТЮ ПРАВА НА ПРАЦЮ
Authors: Polianskyi Andrii ,   Львівський національний університет імені Івана Франка
Published: July 2024

The paper examines theoretical and practical aspects of working capacity as a component of the legal personality of a person with disabilities. The legislative definition of general performance is critically analyzed. It is concluded that it should cover the ability of an individual to realize his right to work, using any of the forms, and not only through the implementation of unskilled labor. It is found that the legislative concepts that determine the ability of a person with a disability to realize the right to work are «ability to work» and «incapacity for work». Nowadays in Ukraine there is a need for an updated legislative definition of the content and scope of these concepts, and their relationship with related ones. The author argues that the ability to work is a personalized concept. For each person, including persons with disabilities, it refers to the individual ability of each person to exercise their right to work, and therefore should not be measured as a percentage. It is proven that the concepts of «person with a disability» and «incapacitated person» are not identical and denote different legal statuses of a person. The statutory equation of the legal status of "person with a disability" and "incapacitated person" contradicts subpar. 1, Part 1, Article 27 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Correct use of these concepts will contribute to building a high-quality mechanism of social protection of these persons and the application of all types of such protection. It is proposed to amend the Laws of Ukraine "On Compulsory State Pension Insurance" and "On Compulsory State Social Insurance" accordingly. Based on the conventional norms, the author argues that incapacity for work in the context of the right to work is a loss of full functional capacity by a person. It is established that the loss of ability to work is a legal fact which, in the social security system, determines a person's right to social insurance benefits and does not affect a person's employment or exercise of his/her right to work. The introduction in Ukraine of a procedure for assessing a person's ability to work, taking into account the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, leads to a paradigm shift in the national social protection system, including in terms of building an effective mechanism for the employment of persons with disabilities. Reformatting the system for determining the ability to work of persons with disabilities in Ukraine in accordance with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, will help to ensure compliance with the standards of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Keywords: social legislation, employment, social standards of ability to work/ loss of ability to work/ incapacity for work, right to social protection, social insurance payments.
Pelatihan Modul Ajar Kurikulum Merdeka SMAN 3 Sidoarjo: Studi Pendahuluan Kebutuhan
Authors: Widarti Hayuni Retno , Habiddin Habiddin , Parlan Parlan , Setiawan Nur Candra Eka , Rokhim Deni Ainur , Maharani Richa Nan , Pratiwi Juwita Karina , Peni Ristiwi
Published: July 2024

Salah satu kebijakan yang menjadi perubahan dari Kurikulum 13 ke dalam Kurikulum Merdeka diantara lain adalah perangkat pembelajaran berupa RPP yang berubah menjadi Modul Ajar. Pengembangan potensi dan pelatihan perlu dilakukan terlebih lagi banyak pendidik yang mengalami kesulitan dalam mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran yaitu modul ajar terutama dalam pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. Studi pendahuluan dilakukan untuk menganalisis kebutuhan terkait kesulitan mitra. Adapun alat ukur atau indikator yang digunakan untuk mengukur kebutuhan mitra dengan menggunakan angket. Berdasarkan data angket kepada mitra 91,43% responden mampu menjelaskan pengetahuan mengenai modul ajar. Pemahaman guru mengenai modul ajar didukung hasil survey bahwa semua guru mampu membedakan perangkat pembelajaran yang digunakan di kurikulum 2013 dan kurikulum merdeka.Tingginya presentase pemahaman modul ajar didukung dengan 91,43% responden sudah mencoba membuat modul ajar berdiferensiasi. Namun ditemukan 77,14% responden mengalami kendala ketika menyusun modul ajar berdiferensiasi. Berdasarkan analisis dan pembahasan di atas pembuatan modul ajar sebagai perangkat pembelajaran di SMAN 3 Sidoarjo belum optimal. Sosialisasi dan Pelatihan terkait modul ajar sebagai perangkat pembelajaran di era kurikulum merdeka perlu dilaksanakan sebagai solusi belum optimalnya pembuatan modul ajar sebagai perangkat pembelajaran terkhusus menekankan aspek pembelajaran berdiferensiasi. One of the policies to change Curriculum 13 to the Independent Curriculum is that the RPP learning tools become Teaching Modules. Potential development and training need to be carried out because many educators have difficulty developing teaching module learning tools, especially differentiated learning. A preliminary study was carried out to analyze the partners' difficulties needs. The measuring tools or indicators used to measure partner needs use questionnaires. Based on questionnaire data, 91.43% of respondents were able to explain their knowledge regarding teaching modules. Teachers' understanding of teaching modules is supported by survey results. All teachers are able to differentiate learning tools from the 2013 curriculum and the independent curriculum. The high percentage of understanding of teaching modules is supported by 91.43% of respondents who have tried to create differentiated teaching modules. However, 77.14% of respondents experienced problems preparing differentiated teaching modules. Based on the analysis and discussion, the creation of teaching modules for learning tools at SMAN 3 Sidoarjo is not optimal. Socialization and training of teaching modules for learning devices in the era of the independent curriculum need to be implemented as a solution to the lack of optimal creation of teaching modules for learning devices specifically emphasizing differentiated learning aspects.
KEBIJAKAN KEPALA MADRASAH DALAM MEMBUDAYAKAN MEMBACA DAN MENGHAFAL AL-QUR’AN DI MTs HIDAYATUSSALAMBANDAR KHALIPAH
Authors: Ma'ruf Rizqan , Mesiono Mesiono , Khairuddin Khairuddin
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperdalam pemahaman terkait kebijakan kepala madrasah dalam membudayakan peserta didik membaca dan menghafal Al-Qur’an di MTs Hidayatussalam bandar khalipah, sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab kepala madrasah dalam mengemban Amanah orang tua sebagai pemimpin di sekolah madrasah yang tujuannya membantu membudyakan karakter Islami pada peserta didik selaku siswa/I Madrasah (terbiasa membaca dan menghafal Al-Qur’an). Adapun tujuan penelitiannya sebagai berikut; 1) Proses Perumusan kebijakan kepala madrasah; 2) Implementasi kebijakan kepala madrasah; 3) faktor penghambat dan pendukung kebijakan kepala madarasah dalam membudayakan peserta didik membaca dan menghafal Al-Qur’an di MTs Hidayatussalam Bandar Khalipah. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini pendekatan kualitatif. Dengan Teknik pengumpulan data meliputi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan, dan pemeriksaan keabsahan data yang menggunakan kredibilitas, transferabilitas, dependabilitas, dan konfirmabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan; 1) Proses penerapan kebijakan kepala Madarasah yang dilakukan melalui pengidentifikasian masalah, Mempertegas tujuan yang diinginkan, Merancang struktur prosesnya, serta mendapatkan dukungan dan persetujuan dari seluruh sistem/pihak yang terkait; 2) Dalam implementasinya sudah cukup baik yaitu dengan penetapan peraturan yang dirumuskan sebelumnya, adanya kesediaan dan pelaksaan dari peserta didik dan adanya perubahan kebiasaan yang sesuai dengan program kebijakan yang dirumuskan. (bentuk dampak nyata keputusan), serta adanya aturan bagi peserta didik yang mengabaikan aturan tersebut sebagai upaya dalam perbaikan atas kebijakan; 3) sementara itu faktor penghambat dan pendukung kebijakan ini ialah: kemauan/keinginan, metode hukuman dan hadiah, dukungan keluarga, dan Lembaga pendidikan, kedaan lingkungan keluarga.
IMPLEMENTASI PRAKTEK DZIKIR: PERSEPSI ANAK TERHADAP DAMPAKNYA PADA KETENANGAN JIWA DAN KONSENTRASI BELAJAR
Authors: Sadat M. Anwar , Sapri Sapri , Fithriani Rahmah
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan: Penerapan dzikir khofi pada pembelajaran anak, Persepsi anak terhadap implementasi Praktek Zikir Khofi dalam Pembelajaran PAI dengan kaitannya pada Ketenangan Jiwa, persepsi anak terhadap Implementasi Praktek Zikir Khofi dalam Pembelajaran PAI dengan kaitannya pada Konsentrasi Belajar Siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, melalui wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mereduksi data, menyajikan data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan bahwa; 1) Penerapan Dzikir Khofi pada pembelajaran anak memiliki beberapa tahapan dengan catatan semua tahapan dilakukan didalam hati pertama membaca basmalah, kedua, Membaca Al-Fatiha 1x ketiga, membaca Al-Ikhlas 3x, dan menyebut Allah-Allah Sebanyak banyaknya selama 15 menit, dan terakhir mengucapkan Alhamdulillah sebagai tanda selesailah Dzikir Khofi; 2) Persepsi anak terhadap implementasi zikir khofi dalam pembelajaran kaitannya dengan ketenangan jiwa adalah Dzikir khofi dan ketenangan jiwa mempunyai kaitan yang cukup baik karena dengan implementasi Dzikir khofi, hati dan jiwa anak lebih merasakan ketenangan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran; 3) Persepsi anak terhadap pelaksanaan dzikir khofi dalam pembelajaran mempunyai kaitan yang cukup baik dengan konsentrasi belajar anak dikarenakan dengan mengikuti implementasi dzikir khofi ini anak merasakan konsentrasinya menjadi lebih baik dan lebih fokus serta mudah menghafal pelajaran.
PENERAPAN KONSEP TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN SD ISLAM PERTI JAKARTA BARAT
Authors: Ardiansyah M.
Published: July 2024

Pada era revolusi 4.0 ini, munculnya Total Quality Management (TQM) dianggap sebagai solusi terhadap permasalahan yang dihadapi lembaga pendidikan dalam meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan beberapa konsep TQM yang diterapkan oleh SD Islam Perti Tomang, yaitu (1) fokus pada kepuasan konsumen, (2) komunikasi dan kerjasama antar karyawan, dan (3) upaya dalam peningkatan Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM). Metode yang digunakan merupakan pendekatan kualitatif dalam studi kasus, dalam hal ini analisis data dilakukan melalui empat langkah: pengumpulan data, klasifikasi, penyajian, dan kesimpulan. Hasil artikel menunjukkan bahwa SD Islam Perti Tomang mengimplementasikan konsep TQM untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan yang diselenggarakan, terutama dalam menggabungkan ilmu umum dengan nilai keislaman. Dalam merumuskan masalah, ditemukan bahwa ketiga konsep TQM yang dibahas saling terkait dan diterapkan secara terpadu oleh SD Islam Perti Tomang.
INTERNALISASI NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BAGI REMAJA DI LINGKUNGAN KELUARGA
Authors: Sukriyah Elvi , Sapri Sapri , Syukri Makmur
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami metode dan proses internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Islam pada remaja. Metode penelitian yang digunakan bersifat kualitatif, fokus pada pemahaman realitas sosial secara utuh, kompleks, dinamis, dan interaktif dengan mempertimbangkan keadaan objek yang alamiah. Data yang diperoleh melibatkan kata-kata, kalimat, diagram, atau gambar. Teknik pengumpulan data mencakup observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data melibatkan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi sosial religius remaja di Desa Lae bersih cenderung baik dikarenakan anak-anak remaja masih banyak yang peduli dan berkontribusi pada kegiatan sosial keagamaan sehingga dapat menumbuhkan rasa kekeluargaan antar warga. Metode yang dilakukan dalam proses internalisasi nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Islam ialah metode nasehat, keteladanan, pembiasaaan, diskusi dan pemberian targhib dan tarhib agar anak remaja di Desa Lae Bersih dapat semakin baik akhlaknya. Dalam proses internalisi nilai-nilai pendidikan agama Islam terdapat 3 tahapan yaitu tahapan transformasi nilai yaitu anak mau mendengarkan orang tua, tahapan transaksi nilai dimana orang tua mulai mengajak anak untuk mempraktekkan nilai-nilai agama dan tahap transinternalisasi nilai yaitu tahapan di mana anak sudah mau dan mampu mempraktekkan nilai-nilai agama yang diajarkan.
Penerapan Teknologi Varian Rasa dan Kemasan “Cassava Frozen” pada Kelompok Wanita Tani Melati
Authors: Rosada Ida , Saida Saida
Published: July 2024

This community service activity involves 1 partner, namely the Women Farmers Group (KWT) "Melati". The partner's problem is the lack of knowledge and skills. Partners don't know how to make flavor variants in frozen cassava, they can only make the original one. KWT women's lack of knowledge about good and hygienic packaging to attract consumer interest. The goal to be achieved is that it is hoped that the target community, especially KWT Melati, can apply the correct technology for flavor variants and frozen cassava packaging so that it can increase production and sales, thereby increasing the income of KWT members in particular and the community in general. The methods used in implementing this Community Service Program are counseling, training, technology demonstrations and mentoring. The results of the training on making frozen cassava with various flavors and packaging were attended by 30 members of the housewife group. Participants easily received the material because the training in making frozen cassava with various flavors and packaging technology was easy to do, the equipment used was simple, the ingredients were easy to obtain, especially cassava, which was always available, easy to apply in the household and participants were satisfied with the training provided.
Peningkatan Komunikasi Risiko (Risk Communication) Bencana Kebakaran di Gang Segara RT. 29 Kelurahan Klandasan Ilir Kota Balikpapan
Authors: Pratomo Rahmat Aris , Jauhari Mohammad Rif’at , Abimanyu Abimanyu , Permata Harry Early Putra , Muhding Noor Zaqiyah , Hartasi Nur Sri , Sukmawati A. Atifa , Annisa Zahratu , Mustofa Umar , Ghozali Achmad , Purwanto Muhammad Qoirul
Published: July 2024

The characteristics of the neighbourhood of Gang Segara RT. 29 Kelurahan Klandasan Ilir, which consists of high building density, irregular building patterns, low building quality, and lack of firefighting facilities, indicates a high fire risk in this area. This community service programme is conducted to improve risk communication as one of the efforts to reduce the impact of disaster. The method used was facilitating the entire representative of each household on fire disaster risk. This activity began with identifying the level of risk of fire disaster, followed by an assessment of mitigation priorities and assistance in socialising improved risk communication. The findings show that the majority of areas are high risk and there are 4 priority mitigation efforts that need to be improved as an effort to improve fire disaster risk reduction. These efforts are the procurement of fire extinguishers, distribution of fire disaster sign systems and assembly points, provision of evacuation routes, and socialisation of fire disaster training.