bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rp-Hplc Method for Estimation of Metoprolol Succinate and Olmesartan Medoxomil in Pharmaceutical Formulation with forced Degradation Studies
Authors: Kumar T. Hemant , Samantaray Samata , Sankar D. Gowri
Published: October 2020

A simple, specific, accurate, and precise RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Metoprolol Succinate and Olmesartan Medoxomil in pharmaceutical formulation with forced degradation studies. The method was developed using Enable C 18G column (250 ×4.6 mm, 5 μm) with mobile phase consisting of methanol and water (pH adjusted to 3.5 with orthophosphoric acid in the ratio of 80: 20 % v/v with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The UV detection was carried out at 240 nm. The retention time for Metoprolol Succinate and Olmesartan Medoxomil were found to be 3.986 and 6.092 min, respectively. The proposed method was validated for linearity, range, accuracy, precision, robustness, LOD, and LOQ. Linearity was observed over a concentration range 4-40 μg/mL for Metoprolol Succinate (r2 = 0.9999) and 5-60 μg/ml for Olmesartan Medoxomil (r2 = 0.9999). The % RSD for Intraday and Interday precision was found to be 0.57 and 0.68 for Metoprolol Succinate and 0.52 and 0.41 for Olmesartan Medoxomil. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.1143 μg/mL and 0.3565 μg/mL for Metoprolol Succinate and LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.0563 and 0.1782 μg/mL for Olmesartan Medoxomil respectively.
Comparative study of coagulation effect of Diospyros Malabarica
Authors: Abegunasekara N.S. , Bandara A.M.A.G.K.S.
Published: October 2020

In most of the Ayurvedic remedies, Diospyros malabarica is used to obtain Rakthasthambana (coagulation) effect. The effect of leaves and stem bark extract of Diospyros malabarica on human blood coagulation was investigated using Lee and White method at Gampaha Wickramarachchi Ayurveda Institute in Sri Lanka. A total of 20 healthy individuals representing both sex were included in the study. For the test group, three tubes containing a volume of 0.5mL of stem bark extract were allocated, and the sap was replaced with normal saline for the tubes of the control group. A volume of 1mL of drawn blood was quickly added for every six tubes in situ, and all were incubated in a water bath at 37˚C. Every tube of two groups was observed carefully for a clot to measure the average clotting time of each group separately. Above procedure was repeated to all the fresh juice samples of stem bark and the leaves of Diospyros malabarica. The statistically significant reduction of average clotting time has proved that the stem bark of Diospyros malabarica and leaves of Diospyros malabarica have a highly significant effect on clotting cascade.
Analytical Method Development and Validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Telmisartan and Atorvastatin in Bulk and Tablet Dosage Form
Authors: Nallavelli Prashanth , Kondra Sharath , Veleti Kowmudi
Published: October 2020

The current investigation was intended to improve the assay strategy for concurrent estimation of telmisartan and atorvastatin by utilizing instrument high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), mobile phase of methanol:water, and 250 nm detection wavelength. The retention times were established to be 2.4 minutes for telmisartan and 3 minutes for atorvastatin. The analytical technique for both the drugs showed linearity over the range of 20 to 80 ppm of the target concentration. The recuperation was seen as 99.9% for both drugs. Both system framework and strategy precision were seen as precise and well inside the range. The detection limit of 0.05 for telmisartan and 0.019 for atorvastatin was found. The planned method was found to be simple, explicit, specific, linear, and rugged. Hence, it can be utilized for routine examination of telmisartan and atorvastatin in mass bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.
Commodity price volatility and economic growth in Africa: the mitigating role of trade policy
Authors: Ogundipe Adeyemi
Published: October 2020

The extreme volatile behavior of Africa’s output and consumption is strongly related to the extent of exposure to external shocks in its trade earnings. The volatility of export earnings inherent in African economies depicts trade and export structure not diversified, and the need for development managers in easing the over-arching dependence on commodity exports earnings as a major source of budget financing. This study investigates the effect of commodity price volatility on real GDP using a longitudinal data covering fifty-three African commodity-dependent countries for the period 1970–2017. The theoretical framework is premised on the neoclassical growth model, and the system generalized method of moments (SGMM) estimation technique was adopted. The results from the estimation procedure indicate a negative contemporaneous relationship between commodity price volatility and growth. However, the intervention of policy instruments such as contrasting openness degree signals short-run relief for commodity export-dependent economies, as trade policy mitigates the adverse effect of commodity price volatility on growth.
PROBLEMATIKA PENDIDIKAN PESANTREN DALAM MENINGKATKAN INSAN AKADEMIS BERKUALITAS DI ERA GLOBAL-MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: Surahman Buyung
Published: October 2020

This scientificwork outlines the obstacles facing pesantren education in improving quality academic people in the global-multicultural era. Pesantren, global currents can cause paradox or symptoms of counter-morality, and so does the pattern of life in the west, even greatly affect the moral decay, moral and human behavior. With this condition, the influence is very large on human life both physical and spiritual. Thus pesantren education faced various challenges with the development of education models in the era of globalization implemented by members of the community, such as system problems, human resource problems, curriculum development. Therefore, in an effort to improve quality academic humanity in global-multicultural era, pesantren have problems to explore all the resources they have, because influenced by pesantren education is less concern to the problem, human resource problem, strong influence of western culture in domination and imperialisation of information, as well as the current culture of globalization can lead to paradox or symptoms of counter-morality. With this problem, pesantren is time to devote all the power, effort and ability to always innovate, finding something new can help his life for the better. If the pesantren does not dig all his skills then he will be left behind by the ever-evolving era.
PERAN FATWA MUI DALAM BERBANGSA DAN BERNEGARA
Authors: Makmur Jamal
Published: October 2020

Fatwa memegang peranan kunci di Indonesia. Mayoritas umat Islam membutuhkan jawaban hukum yang solutif dan kontekstual. Majlis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) lewat Komisi Fatwa selama ini sudah membimbing umat lewat fatwa-fatwa hukum dalam semua bidang, baik akidah, ekonomi, politik, dan sosial. Fatwa MUI menjadi rujukan umat lintas sektoral yang ada di berbagai organsiasi masyarakat (ormas) di Indonesia.

Metode fatwa MUI berpijak pada empat hal. Pertama, meninjau pendapat para imam madzhab dalam masalah yang dikaji secara serius berikut dalil-dalilnya. Kedua, masalah-masalah yang jelas hukumnya (qath’iyyat) ditetapkan apa adanya. Ketiga, dalam masalah yang diperselisihkan ulama madzhab, diselesaikan dengan dua cara, yaitu: menemukan titik temu dengan metode al-jam’u wa at-taufiq, dan menggunakan tarjih (memilih pendapat yang paling kuat argumentasinya) melalui metode perbandingan madzhab dengan menggunakan kaidah ushul fiqh perbandingan.  Keempat, masalah yang tidak ditemukan hukumnya dalam madzhab ditetapkan dengan ijtihad jama’i (kolektif) dengan metode bayani, ta’lili (qiyasi, istihsani, ilhaqi), istishlahi, dan sad adz-dzari’ah. Kelima, fatwa harus selalu memperhatikan kemaslahatan umum dan tujuan syariat Islam (maqasidus syariah).

Melihat metode penetapan hukum MUI di atas, maka MUI sudah menerapkan talfiq manhaji, yaitu: menggabungkan metode penetapan hukum para imam madzhab untuk menghasilkan hukum yang kontekstual dan solutif. Produk fatwa MUI yang berkaitan dengan ekonomi syariah misalnya dilengkapi dengan al-Qur’an, hadis, ijma’, qiyas, kaidah fiqh, dan pendapat para ulama lintas madzhab. Semua dasar itu berorientasi kepada kemaslahatan umum dan tujuan syariat Islam.

Talfiq manhaji yang dikembangkan Komisi Fatwa MUI ini merupakan terobosan paradigmatik yang bisa digunakan untuk merespons problematika kontemporer yang membutuhkan jawaban yang cepat, tepat, dan akurat yang bisa dipertanggungjawabkan secara normatif dan sosial sekaligus. Tidak ada fanatisme madzhab dan absolutisme pemikiran. Inklusivitas dan obyektivitas yang dikedepankan untuk memajukan umat di berbagai aspek kehidupan.
pemimpin dalam perspektif total quality managemen
Authors: Yasin Nurhadi Yasin
Published: October 2020

Lembaga pendidikan dapat dilihat dari peran serta kepala sekolah sebagai pemimpin (leadership). Arah kebijaka yang diambil berdampak pada kinerja seluruh elemen-elemen pendidikan. Sehingga totality dan kuality akan bisa dirasakan seluruh steak holder, dengan berorientasi dan tolok ukur pada kepuasan pelanggan (siswa dan wali murid). Pola kinerja kepala sekolah dapat dilihat dengan empat model yaitu; (1) Pemimpin Otokratis; (2) Pemimpin Pseudo-Demokratis; (3) Pemimpin Lasissez-Faire; (4) Pemimpin Demokratis. Dari empat model tersebut seorang pemimpin dipengaruhi relasi-relasi, baik itu kepada pemerintah, stake holder eksternal, stake holder internal dan lembaga-lembaga sejenis. Hasil dan kemampuan seorang pemimpin dikatakan berhasil apabila mampu memuaskan pelanggan (siswa dan wali murid).

 
Hubungan Konsepsional Antara Perpustakaan, Penelitian, Dan Karya Ilmiah
Authors: Sholeh Muhtar Arifin
Published: October 2020

The main purpose of this article is to draw the conceptional relation among library, research, and scientific work. Library is traditionally considered as a place of book collection, a reading room, or 'a small waste room’, which show ’a narrow vision’. However, as learning source, library is a place of study, which requires good facility such as providing reading room, complete collection, clear light, good air circulation, etc. It should also be supported by friendly and helpful staff.
The relation between research and scientific work is that the report of research should be academically written in national or international journal as a scientific work. In the relation to this, library is a reservoir of collection (printed and non printed collection), including scientific works. In other word, scientific work, like journal or book, should be made as a report of research. Library, research, and scientific work are different from each other, but they can not be separated to each other.
PENINGKATAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DALAM PEMBELAJARAN FIQIH
Authors: Syarofi Mochammad Zaimus , Syarofi Mochammad Zaimus
Published: October 2020

Abstrak
Berkembangnya zaman membuat pengembangan teknologi juga semakin meningkat. Dalam dunia pembelajaran sebagai contoh adanya pengembangan teknologi di era modern, demi menarik minat belajar siswa berbagai upaya dilakukan oleh pihak sekolah salah satunya dengan menggunkan Audio visual daalam pembelajaran. Nyatanya metode ini sangat efektif digunakan selain untuk menarik minta siswa Audio visual juga banyak manfaatnya. Dengan sistem pembelajaran yang memakai media ini dapat menggunakan metode yang dipakai untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa di sekolah pada contoh penerapan media yang dipakai untuk menarik minat siswa dalam pembelajaran Fiqih.
TRADISI NAHDLATUL ULAMA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Zulfikri Ahmad , Zafi Ashif Az
Published: October 2020

Salah satu isu di negara Indonesia adalah keberadaan tradisi keagamaan dianggap sebuah tradisi keberagamaan yang bertentangan dengan hukum Islam dan tidak sesuai dengan sunnah Nabi saw. Isu ini adalah masalah yang serius dan harus dijelaskan melalui dalil-dalil yang sesuai dengan pelaksanaan tradisi yang dilakukan oleh warga Nahdliyyin di Indonesia. Dan harus ditemukan dalil hukmi atas diperbolehkannya melaksanakan tradisi tersebut. Menurut kaum modernisme tradisi-tradisi ini termasuk bid’ah dan harus ditinggalkan oleh masyarakat. Sebagai organisasi kemasyarakatan dan keagamaan, Nahdlatul Ulama haruslah mempunyai tendensi atas pelaksanaan tradisinya dalam Al-Qur’an dan as-sunnah. Melalui artikel ini penulis mengulas bagaimana perspektif hukum Islam tentang pelaksanaan tradisi-tradisi keagamaan warga Nahdliyyin dan beberapa contoh tradisi keagamaan yang sering dilakukan warga Nahdliyyin.
INCERTEZAS FABRICADAS E O DIREITO À SAÚDE DO CONSUMIDOR
Authors: Ramos Edith Maria Barbosa , Silva Artenira da Silva e , Almeida Natalie
Published: October 2020

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o Projeto de Lei da Câmara dos Deputados nº 34/2015, a partir da construção desenvolvida na teoria do risco de Ulrich Beck com o escopo de compreender os principais impactos de sua aprovação no que tange ao direito fundamental à saúde. O presente Projeto de Lei tem por objetivo aprovar uma reforma nos rótulos dos alimentos geneticamente modificados. Deve-se destacar que as pesquisas relacionadas aos OGMs são ainda inconclusivas e, neste contexto, observa-se que alterações prematuras podem gerar um quadro de insegurança alimentar em claro desrespeito aos princípios do direito fundamental à saúde. Para a construção da pesquisa utilizou-se método descritivo-explicativo com procedimento de revisão bibliográfica e documental, a partir do aprofundamento temático em livros, artigos científicos com qualis A e B e pesquisas constantes no repositório digital de teses e dissertações da CAPES.
O MARCO REGULATÓRIO DO DIREITO À SAÚDE
Authors: Araújo Mário Augusto
Published: October 2020

A ideia de Estado de Direito implica no raciocínio de que as atividades da administração pública devem ser pautadas por critérios previamente estabelecidos em lei, que possuem como principal referencial a Constituição Federal e o pacto social brasileiro elenca como direito fundamental social, de caráter prestacional, os serviços públicos correlatos à saúde, ferramentas aptas a proporcionarem o desenvolvimento do indivíduo. Mais do que estabelecer normas de caráter programático, o constituinte determina uma vinculação orçamentária mínima anual para lastrear aquele tipo de atividade administrativa e se caso um Estado, Distrito Federal ou Município desobedecer àquele mínimo orçamentário pode sofrer intervenção federal, um princípio constitucional sensível da forma federativa de Estado. O artigo pretende delimitar o marco regulatório do direito à saúde identificando os principais referenciais normativos que o regulamenta, bem como apresentar instrumentos de eficiência e controle da execução orçamentária no que diz respeito ao assunto. Para isso se utilizou de um método dedutivo através de uma pesquisa sobre o direito positivo, a jurisprudência e a doutrina especializada.
A ascese do Banquete e os limites da filosofia
Authors: Abreu Pamplona Matheus
Published: October 2020

Neste artigo, apresentarei todos os passos da ascese dialética do Banquete (210a-212b) com o intuito de defender que, ao contrário do que comumente vemos ser defendido pela maior parte dos intérpretes deste diálogo platônico, o télos da scala amoris, ao invés de se constituir como algo plenamente alcançável àqueles que até ali ascenderam, apresenta-se, na verdade, como um limite às capacidades humanas. O filósofo, na leitura por mim adotada, não seria aquele que pacificamente galgou os degraus da ascese dialética e ao fim de seus esforços entrou em comunhão com a Forma do belo, mas aquele que, precisamente por conhecer os limites de suas capacidades, reconhece até onde pode chegar em sua busca incessante pelo saber.
Hannah Arendt e a Terra
Authors: Gomes Pinheiro Romildo
Published: October 2020

A referência ao envio de um objeto terrestre (earth-born) que introduz o prólogo de A Condição Humana constitui uma referência importante para o entendimento do Prólogo da obra. Mais notadamente, sobre o conceito de Terra, cuja aparição ao longo do Prólogo da obra não é explicada. Para tanto, nós nos propomos argumentar neste ensaio que o conceito de Terra como a expressão da condição humana exposto no Prólogo, “replica” uma discussão de Husserl e Heidegger em torno do conceito de Terra nos idos de 1935 na Alemanha. Para retraçar este paralelo, duas referências serão fundamentais: em primeiro lugar o texto de Husserl La terre ne se meut pas; em segundo lugar, o ensaio de Heidegger L’origine de l’oeuvre d’art. À luz da posição de Husserl e Heidegger, a posição de Arendt constitui um ponto de vista relevante dentro do debate político do pós-guerra, notadamente se a compararmos com a leitura de Heidegger sobre a Terra no contexto da técnica contemporânea
Duração e élan vital no evolucionismo espiritualista de Henri Bergson
Authors: Da Luz Ferreira Rildo
Published: October 2020

Para responder nossa questão principal, isto é, saber como se estabelece, no conjunto da obra de Bergson, a relação entre a sua filosofia da duração e a hipótese evolucionista do élan vital, tentaremos reconstituir a plataforma especulativa de onde parte A evolução criadora e o modo como Bergson faz da esfera da vida o ponto de intersecção entre as noções de duração e de evolução. Nosso objetivo será o de situar o contexto de emergência da imagem do élan vital para aí descobrir a especificidade do pensamento de Bergson, especificidade que dá unidade à sua filosofia e marca sua contribuição para a história da filosofia. Nesse sentido, acreditamos que a teoria do élan vital não pode ser separada dessa intuição fundadora do bergsonismo que é a duração, sem ser destituída do seu significado metafísico. Assim como a consciência, o universo inteiro dura. E essa duração se caracteriza essencialmente pela liberdade. Em todo lugar onde lidamos com a vida, encontramos sob formas diversas a duração imanente à vida. O evolucionismo bergsoniano traduzido pela imagem do élan vital pode então ser compreendido da seguinte forma: o princípio da vida transcende a vida.
Identidade e Liberdade: A convicção fundamental de Schelling
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Filipe da Silva
Published: October 2020

O objetivo deste trabalho é sustentar a ideia de que Schelling, apesar de ser considerado um pensador de diversas filosofias, manteve uma convicção fundamental no período que consiste entre seus primeiros escritos, de inspiração fichteana até a fase da filosofia da liberdade. Esta era que o incondicionado, Absoluto e/ou Deus no Eu e/ou Ser humano, deve ser pensado como tal, ou seja, independe da consciência. Observando sua performance a partir daqueles anos, isso permite balizar um padrão a partir do qual a fertilidade de seus intentos podem ser avaliados, ou seja, com base na aplicação dessa ideia. Este critério aparecerá no decorrer do texto na medida em que os argumentos de Schelling permitirem, contudo, elegemos como exemplo alguns escritos selecionados correspondentes às chamadas filosofias da identidade e da liberdade. Ao final deverá ser demonstrado que a transição de uma para outra correspondia a uma adequação filosófica necessária àquela convicção.
¿Qué es, si es que es algo, una raza humana?
Authors: Caponi Gustavo
Published: October 2020

No hay ningún concepto de raza que, al aplicarse al Homo sapiens, encuentre su extensión en un grupo de linajes evolutivamente diferenciables. Consecuentemente, desde un punto de vista filogenético, las razas humanas son una ficción. Sin embargo, las ‘razas humanas’ pueden llegar a funcionar como predicados con algún grado de relevancia epistémica. Esos ‘predicados raciales’ especificarían ciertos tipos fisonómicos, de extensión relativamente delimitable, y con algún contenido disposicional, que pueden ser significativos en distintos contextos de discusión. Muy particularmente, cuando se trata identificar a grupos, e individuos, que puedan encontrarse en condiciones de vulnerabilidad, o que puedan venir a ser beneficiarios de políticas de acción afirmativa.
O nominalismo da relação como princípio antimetafísico
Authors: Sardinha Diogo , Chataignier Gustavo
Published: October 2020

Tradução do texto: SARDINHA, Diogo. “Le nominalisme de la relation comme principe antimétaphysique”. In : Marx & Foucault : lectures, usages, confrontations. Organização Christian Laval, Luca Paltrinieri e Ferhat Taylan. Paris: La Découverte/ Recherches, 2015, pp.244-257.
Conflict within tri hita karana’s fields: A conceptual review
Authors: Sudama I Nyoman
Published: October 2020

The study on Tri Hita Karana mostly focuses on the application of the concept in particular area. Its lack of conjectural discussion opens opportunities for further research. Specifically, conflict is infrequently embraced, despite the fact that dispute is inevitably part of another Balinese balance concept, namely, rwa bhineda. This paper aims to draft a discourse of THK within the standpoint of cultural sociology by tailoring several concepts to identify the raise and possibility of conflict in Balinese social systems. Thence, the paper first reviews THK literatures to examine research conceptions on THK within Balinese customs. Second, the paper proposes extended THK framework to illustrate how conflict can emerge in Balinese practices and explain further understanding of interrelation of THK’s worlds. This paper highlights how the THK can be seen from cultural sociology perspectives to frame the dynamic of Balinese traditions within the contestation of spiritual, nature, and human fields. This study shows that capital play important roles on the Balinese life balance. Capital determines the positions, statuses, competitions, and hence symbolic values of agents in the fields. The paper advocates future theory developments to construct on different framework of THK to better describe the Balinese transitions toward modern cultures.
A Literature Review of Bimodal Fitting
Authors: Bahng Junghwa , Oh Soo Hee
Published: October 2020

Although there are quite a few bimodal cochlear implant users, bimodal fitting guidelines were not fully developed. Bimodal fitting optimization is one of the factors that contribute to successful bimodal outcomes. The purpose of this study is to investigate recent literatures related to bimodal fitting to establish evidence based bimodal fitting guidelines. Three databases including Google Scholar, PubMed publisher, and PLOS One were searched to review bimodal fitting literatures. A total of 599,604 articles were identified by using ten bimodal relevant keywords at the initial stage. Then, we included 192 articles with abstract review, inclusion and exclusion criteria and removals of duplicates. Lastly, two authors reviewed full texts and identified a total of 19 bimodal fitting articles. Results were categorized into type of bimodal intervention, procedures, and outcomes. Bimodal fitting procedures, test materials, and questionnaires were also summarized. A total of 18 articles consist of bimodal hearing aid fitting covering hearing aid fitting formula, gain adjustment, loudness balance, frequency band, frequency lowering technology, and overall bimodal fitting guidelines. Only one article includes bimodal cochlear implant fitting with low frequency band adjustment. Several factors including real-ear measurement, loudness balance test, frequency band selection considering cochlear dead region, and subjective questionnaires are considered to optimize bimodal hearing aid fitting. Bimodal fitting guidelines considering several relevant factors will optimize bimodal fitting and improve bimodal benefits.
Symbol Digit Modalities Test Variant in a Smartphone App for Persons With Multiple Sclerosis: Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: van Oirschot Pim , Heerings Marco , Wendrich Karine , den Teuling Bram , Martens Marijn B , Jongen Peter J
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The decline of cognitive processing speed (CPS) is a common dysfunction in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). The Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) is widely used to formally quantify CPS. We implemented a variant of the SDMT in MS sherpa, a smartphone app for persons with MS.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to investigate the construct validity and test-retest reliability of the MS sherpa smartphone variant of the SDMT (sSDMT).

METHODS

We performed a validation study with 25 persons with relapsing-remitting MS and 79 healthy control (HC) subjects. In the HC group, 21 subjects were matched to the persons with MS with regard to age, gender, and education and they followed the same assessment schedule as the persons with MS (the “HC matched” group) and 58 subjects had a less intense assessment schedule to determine reference values (the “HC normative” group). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were determined between the paper-and-pencil SDMT and its smartphone variant (sSDMT) on 2 occasions, 4 weeks apart. Other ICCs were determined for test-retest reliability, which were derived from 10 smartphone tests per study participant, with 3 days in between each test. Seven study participants with MS were interviewed regarding their experiences with the sSDMT.

RESULTS

The SDMT scores were on average 12.06% higher than the sSDMT scores, with a standard deviation of 10.68%. An ICC of 0.838 was found for the construct validity of the sSDMT in the combined analysis of persons with MS and HC subjects. Average ICCs for test-retest reliability of the sSDMT for persons with MS, the HC matched group, and the HC normative group were 0.874, 0.857, and 0.867, respectively. The practice effect was significant between the first and the second test of the persons with MS and the HC matched group and trivial for all other test-retests. The interviewed study participants expressed a positive attitude toward the sSDMT, but they also discussed the importance of adapting a smartphone cognition test in accordance with the needs of the individual persons with MS.

CONCLUSIONS

The high correlation between sSDMT and the conventional SDMT scores indicates a very good construct validity. Similarly, high correlations underpin a very good test-retest reliability of the sSDMT. We conclude that the sSDMT has the potential to be used as a tool to monitor CPS in persons with MS, both in clinical studies and in clinical practice.
Social Network Analysis of the Effects of a Social Media–Based Weight Loss Intervention Targeting Adults of Low Socioeconomic Status: Single-Arm Intervention Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Xu Ran , Cavallo David
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Obesity is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease risk factors, including hypertension and type II diabetes. Although numerous weight loss interventions have demonstrated efficacy, there is considerably less evidence about the theoretical mechanisms through which they work. Delivering lifestyle behavior change interventions via social media provides unique opportunities for understanding mechanisms of intervention effects. Server data collected directly from web-based platforms can provide detailed, real-time behavioral information over the course of intervention programs that can be used to understand how interventions work.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to demonstrate how social network analysis can facilitate our understanding of the mechanisms underlying a social media–based weight loss intervention.

METHODS

We performed secondary analysis by using data from a pilot study that delivered a dietary and physical activity intervention to a group of participants via Facebook. We mapped out participants’ interaction networks over the 12-week intervention period and linked participants’ network characteristics (eg, in-degree, out-degree, network constraint) to participants’ changes in theoretical mediators (ie, dietary knowledge, perceived social support, self-efficacy) and weight loss by using regression analysis. We also performed mediation analyses to explore how the effects of social network measures on weight loss could be mediated by the aforementioned theoretical mediators.

RESULTS

In this analysis, 47 participants from 2 waves completed the study and were included. We found that increases in the number of posts, comments, and reactions significantly predicted weight loss (β=–.94, P=.04); receiving comments positively predicted changes in self-efficacy (β=7.81, P=.009), and the degree to which one’s network neighbors are tightly connected with each other weakly predicted changes in perceived social support (β=7.70, P=.08). In addition, change in self-efficacy mediated the relationship between receiving comments and weight loss (β=–.89, P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

Our analyses using data from this pilot study linked participants’ network characteristics with changes in several important study outcomes of interest such as self-efficacy, social support, and weight. Our results point to the potential of using social network analysis to understand the social processes and mechanisms through which web-based behavioral interventions affect participants’ psychological and behavioral outcomes. Future studies are warranted to validate our results and to further explore the relationship between network dynamics and study outcomes in similar and larger trials.
Barriers to Use of Remote Monitoring Technologies Used to Support Patients With COVID-19: Rapid Review (Preprint)
Authors: Houlding Elizabeth , Mate Kedar K V , Engler Kim , Ortiz-Paredes David , Pomey Marie-Pascale , Cox Joseph , Hijal Tarek , Lebouché Bertrand
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has acted as a catalyst for the development and adoption of a broad range of remote monitoring technologies (RMTs) in health care delivery. It is important to demonstrate how these technologies were implemented during the early stages of this pandemic to identify their application and barriers to adoption, particularly among vulnerable populations.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this knowledge synthesis was to present the range of RMTs used in delivering care to patients with COVID-19 and to identify perceived benefits of and barriers to their use. The review placed a special emphasis on health equity considerations.

METHODS

A rapid review of published research was conducted using Embase, MEDLINE, and QxMD for records published from the inception of COVID-19 (December 2019) to July 6, 2020. Synthesis involved content analysis of reported benefits of and barriers to the use of RMTs when delivering health care to patients with COVID-19, in addition to health equity considerations.

RESULTS

Of 491 records identified, 48 publications that described 35 distinct RMTs were included in this review. RMTs included use of existing technologies (eg, videoconferencing) and development of new ones that have COVID-19–specific applications. Content analysis of perceived benefits generated 34 distinct codes describing advantages of RMTs, mapped to 10 themes overall. Further, 52 distinct codes describing barriers to use of RMTs were mapped to 18 themes. Prominent themes associated with perceived benefits included a lower burden of care (eg, for hospitals, health care practitioners; 28 records), reduced infection risk (n=33), and support for vulnerable populations (n=14). Prominent themes reflecting barriers to use of RMTs included equity-related barriers (eg, affordability of technology for users, poor internet connectivity, poor health literacy; n=16), the need for quality “best practice” guidelines for use of RMTs in clinical care (n=12), and the need for additional resources to develop and support new technologies (n=11). Overall, 23 of 48 records commented on equity characteristics that stratify health opportunities and outcomes, including general characteristics that vary over time (eg, age, comorbidities; n=17), place of residence (n=11), and socioeconomic status (n=7).

CONCLUSIONS

Results of this rapid review highlight the breadth of RMTs being used to monitor and inform treatment of COVID-19, the potential benefits of using these technologies, and existing barriers to their use. Results can be used to prioritize further efforts in the implementation of RMTs (eg, developing “best practice” guidelines for use of RMTs and generating strategies to improve equitable access for marginalized populations).
COMPARISON STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIMICROBIAL AND CYTOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF SECONDARY METABOLITE AND PROTEIN EXTRACTS FROM CLINACANTHUS NUTANS
Authors: ARUMUGAM ASVINIDEVI , WONG NYET KUI
Published: October 2020

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of the secondary metabolites and proteins extracted from Clinacanthus nutans.

Methods: Methanol (ME) and acetone (AC) and also protein (PE) extracts were obtained from Clinacanthus nutans. Antioxidant activity of sample extracts was examined by using 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrydyl Hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and antimicrobial activity was examined by using the agar diffusion method against Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Streptococcus pyrogenes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa bacterial strain. The cytotoxic potential was determined by brine shrimp lethality assay.

Results: Methanol extract (ME) demonstrated to have the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 98.84 μg/ml, followed by acetone extract (AE) with IC50 value of 134.83µg/ml, and protein extract (PE) with IC50 value of 353.49 µg/ml. Among all of the sample extracts, only methanol crude extracts (ME) displayed moderate inhibition against Gram-positive B. cereus (7.33±1.15 mm) and S. pyrogenes (8.67±0.57 mm) at concentration of 100 mg/ml, while both acetone (AE) and protein (PE) extracts had no activity against all tested microorganisms. All extracts from methanol (ME), acetone (AE) and protein (PE) exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against brine shrimps at LC50 7.2 μg/ml, 1.42 μg/ml and 70.6 μg/ml respectively.

Conclusion: These data proved that methanol extract from the leaves of Clinacanthus nutans is the most potent among all samples tested and has the potential to be developed as an antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents. Whilst, acetone and protein crude extracts have potent antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities.
EVALUATION OF EXCISIONAL AND INCISIONAL WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF ELECTROHOMEOPATHIC DRUG (SPAGYRIC ESSENCE) GREEN ELECTRICITY IN RATS
Authors: SABAT PRASANT KUMAR , PRADHAN SWETA PRIYADARSINI , PATRO RANDEEP
Published: October 2020

Objective: The current research is an attempt to evaluate the wound healing activity of Electrohomeopathic drug Green electricity (GE) in Wistar rats. No data have been reported till date on the wound healing effect of GE. Hence the present research focuses on the scientific investigation of the wound healing activity of GE in rats.

Methods: Excision and incision wounds were inflicted upon albino rats. In the excision wound model, the wound contraction, Scar residue, area and time of complete epithelization were measured subsequently on day 0, 3,6,9,12,15, 18 and 21 after inflicting the wound. Wound contraction was calculated as a percentage change in the initial wound size. In the incision wound model, the tensile strength was measured on the 10th post wounding day.

Results: It was noted that the effect produced by the GE Showed significant wound healing (p<0.01) in all wound models when compared to the control group. In the case of the excision model, GE statistically increases the wound contraction rate and in the case of the incision model GE showed high tensile strength as compared to the control group. In both cases the epithelization period was significantly decreased as compared to control. Almost 100% wound protection was achieved by GE in 21 d as compared to control.

Conclusion: GE (ointment) showed significant wound healing activity (p<0.01) in both the excised wound model and incision wound model in rats.
SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM RICE CULTURE OF ASPERGILLUS SP. ISOLATED FROM MELALEUCA SUBULATA (CHEEL) CRAVEN LEAVES AND THEIR ANTICANCER ACTIVITY
Authors: IBRAHIM HAITHAM ALI , IBRAHIM REHAM RAGAEI , KAMEL REEM ALAA , EL-MESSERY SHAHENDA METWALLY , MOHARRAM FATMA ABDELKADER
Published: October 2020

Objective: Aspergillus fungus is a rich source of natural products with broad biological activities. This study was conducted to identify secondary metabolites from the rice culture of Aspergillus species isolated from Melaleuca subulata leaves and evaluated their anticancer activity.

Methods: Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated on silica gel and Sephadex columns. Structures of the compounds were established using physical and chemical methods. Cytotoxic activities of the extract and pure compounds against two human cancer cell lines (Mcf-7and Hep G2) were evaluated using microculture tetrazolium assay as well as the mode of the cytotoxicity was evaluated. Molecular docking studies have been performed using the Hsp 90 enzyme as an anticancer target.

Results: Methyl linoleate (1), arugosin C (2), ergosterol (3), sterigmatocystin (4), diorcinol (5), alternariol-5-O-methyl ether (6), averufin (7), averufanin (8), and alternariol (9) were identified from ethyl acetate extract. All tested compounds exhibit week activity against MCF-7 and Hep G2 cell lines but a mixture of compounds 7 and 8 is considered to be more active towards both MCF-7 and Hep G 2 in comparison to other compounds. Compound 4 exhibits moderate activity against Hep G2 only as well as the ethyl acetate extract exerts moderate activity against MCF-7 cell line Moreover, compound 4 and a mixture of 7 and 8 caused a decrease in the number of Hep G2 cancer cells due to apoptotic and necrotic processes. Most active anticancer candidates 7 and 8 showed binding to the active site similar to geldanamycin reference ligand.

Conclusion: Secondary metabolites identified from Aspergillus sp. and their anticancer activity were evaluated. Molecular docking suggested active candidates as Hsp 90 inhibitors.
THE POTENTIAL MODULATORY EFFECT OF RUTIN ON TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES-INDUCED RENAL INJURY IN MALE MICE
Authors: MOUSA HEBA A. M.
Published: October 2020

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of rutin in management of TiO2NPs-induced renal injury in mice.

Methods: Forty male Swiss albino mice were randomly divided into four groups (n=10). Group (I) served as a control group, group (II) received 100 mg/kg body weight (b. wt) of rutin (orally), group (III) received 70 mg/kg b. wt of TiO2NPs,injected intraperitoneally (i. p.), Group (IV) received 70 mg/kg b. wt of TiO2NPs plus 100 mg/kg b. wt of rutin; for 14 successive days. The renal toxicity was determined through evaluating the renal function biomarkers (serum creatinine, urea, and uric acid) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathion (GSH), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)-α, B-cell lymphoma (BCL)-2 and caspase-3 in renal tissues.

Results: Administration of TiO2NPs plus rutin prevented the deleterious effect of TiO2NPs on mice kidneys through improving the renal functions, and alleviating the increase in MDA, NF-kB, TNF-α, and caspase-3 levels, as well as the decrease in GSH andBCL-2 levels, in renal tissues.

Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggested that rutin plays a role in alleviating TiO2NPs-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, and exerts renal protective effects.
ГЕТЕРОЭПИТАКСИЯ GA(AL)N ДЛЯ СИЛОВЫХ HEMT НА СВЕРХВЫСОКООМНЫХ СТРУКТУРАХ КРЕМНИЯ
Authors: Федотов С.Д. , Лундин В.В. , Заварин Е.Е. , Цацульников А.Ф. , Соколов Е.М. , Стаценко В.Н.
Published: October 2020

В докладе продемонстрированы новые результаты разработки отечественной технологии Ga(Al)N-on-Si. Разработка ведется АО «Эпиэл» в тесном сотрудничестве c НТЦ микроэлектроники РАН. Получены первые отечественные гетероэпитаксиальные структуры Ga(Al)N/Si диаметром 100 мм для HEMT-транзисторов с подвижностью электронов в канале 2DEG выше 1500 см2В-1с-1, выращенные на сверхвысокоомных эпитаксиальных структурах Si в МОГФЭ-установке Dragon 125.
СИНТЕЗ И СВОЙСТВА ПОЛИМЕРОВ ДЛЯ АНТИОТРАЖАЮЩИХ ПОКРЫТИЙ В ARF-ФОТОЛИТОГРАФИИ
Authors: Малков Г.В. , Кузнецова Н.А. , Грибов Б.Г. , Курбатов В.Г. , Ваганов Е.В. , Комендант Р.И. , Беклемышев В.И. , Варламов Д.А. , Щербаков Н.А. , Бадамшева Э.Р.
Published: October 2020

Проанализированы структуры полимеров, использующихся в антиотражающих покрытиях при фотолитографии с длиной волны 193 нм. Получены серии полимеров с разными хромофорами, определены особенности процессов синтеза и предложены составы полимеров, пригодных для использования в составе композиций АОП.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПОДТВЕРЖДЕНИЯ ТРЕБОВАНИЙ НАДЕЖНОСТИ ЭКБ СПЕЦИАЛЬНОГО НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ
Authors: Кравцов А.С. , Панасюк В.Н. , Селецкий А.В. , Шелепин Н.А.
Published: October 2020

В работе описаны основные проблемы подтверждения требований надежности ЭКБ специального назначения. Обозначены основные недостатки и пробелы существующей нормативной документации по надежности. Сформулирован способ подтверждения требований надежности и обозначены направления дальнейших исследований.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СЕГНЕТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ НАНООБЛАСТЕЙ В ТОНКОЙ ПЛЕНКЕ HFO2 ПУТЕМ ЛОКАЛЬНОГО ЛЕГИРОВАНИЯ СФОКУСИРОВАННЫМ ИОННЫМ ПУЧКОМ
Authors: Чуприк А.А. , Киртаев Р.В. , Спиридонов М.В. , Маркеев А.М. , Негров Д.В.
Published: October 2020

Разработан технологически совместимый подход локального легирования пленки HfO2 (10 нм) в тонкопленочной конденсаторной структуре, позволяющий индуцировать в диэлектрическом слое сегнетоэлектрические нанообласти по произвольному шаблону с пространственным разрешением 200 нм, что открывает разнообразные применения в областях фотоники и микроэлектроники.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ОБЪЕМНЫХ ДЕФЕКТОВ И ПОВЕРХНОСТНЫХ СОСТОЯНИЙ НА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ FEFET НА ОСНОВЕ СЕГНЕТОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКОГО HFO2-СЛОЯ
Authors: Кондратюк Е.В. , Чуприк А.А. , Михеев В.В. , Черникова А.Г. , Козодаев М.Г. , Маркеев А.М. , Зенкевич А.В. , Негров Д.В.
Published: October 2020

На примере стека pSi / H0.5Z0.5O2 (10 нм) / TiN (20 нм) показано, что заряженные дефекты и поверхностные состояния в слое сегнетоэлектрика могут оказывать влияние на результат считывания информации из ячейки памяти.
ДИФРАКЦИОННАЯ РЕШЕТКА ИЗ GESBTE КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ ОПТИЧЕСКОЙ ЭНЕРГОНЕЗАВИСИМОЙ ПАМЯТИ
Authors: Маннуллин Р.Т. , Сапегин А.А. , Макаров М.Э. , Итальянцев А.Г. , Барабаненков М.Ю.
Published: October 2020

Рассматривается концепция построения ячейки оптической энергонезависимой памяти на основе волновода структуры «кремний на изоляторе» с нанесенным на него материалом с изменяемым фазовым состоянием (Ge-Sb-Te, GST) в форме дифракционной решетки. Представлены расчеты спектров отражения структур волновод - решетка при разных фазовых состояниях GST и других параметрах структуры и излучения. Определены параметры, соответствующие возбуждению резонансной моды в решетке.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ГРАНИЦЫ РАЗДЕЛА ПОЛУПРОВОДНИК - ДИЭЛЕКТРИК ПРИ ПЛАЗМОХИМИЧЕСКОМ ОСАЖДЕНИИ ДИЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ ПЛЕНОК
Authors: Волосов А.В.
Published: October 2020

В работе проведено исследование влияния условий плазмохимического осаждения диэлектрических пленок на характеристики МДП-структур на основе арсенида галлия, антимонида индия и кремния. Качество границы раздела оценивалось по величине плотности поверхностных состояний, величине плотности фиксированного и подвижного заряда в диэлектрике и частотной дисперсии вольт-фарадных характеристик.
ЧЕРНЫЙ ФОТОРЕЗИСТ - НОВЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДЛЯ ПРОЦЕССА ФОТОЛИТОГРАФИИ НА ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ УСТРОЙСТВ ФОТОНИКИ И МЭМС
Authors: Суханов Д.А.
Published: October 2020

Проведен анализ тенденций мирового рынка по применению устройств фотоники и МЭМС, их развития и технологий, которые смогут оптимизировать литографические процессы при производстве этих устройств. Проведен анализ методов обработки фоторезиста, а также технологий экспонирования.
РАЗРАБОТКА И МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ОТКАЗОУСТОЙЧИВОЙ ТОПОЛОГИИ В MICROWIND
Authors: Никитин М.С. , Никитина К.А.
Published: October 2020

Разработана топология отказоустойчивых логических элементов на базе КМОП-транзисторов. Рассмотрена реализация топологий простых логических элементов: инвертора и штриха Шеффера (NAND2), более сложных логических структур, а также их сравнительный анализ.
ПАРАЛЛЕЛЬНЫЙ ПОТОКОВЫЙ ПРОЦЕССОР НА НОВЫХ АРХИТЕКТУРНЫХ ПРИНЦИПАХ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ШИРОКОГО КРУГА ЗАДАЧ
Authors: Бобков С.Г. , Левченко Н.Н. , Окунев А.С.
Published: October 2020

Рассматриваются проблемы создания параллельных систем на базе потоковых процессоров с динамически формируемым контекстом. В основе потоковой модели лежит активация узлов по готовности данных. Главным преимуществом таких процессоров является возможность аппаратного распараллеливания программ на сотни ядер.
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ТЕСТОВОГО КРИСТАЛЛА ПО ТЕХНОЛОГИИ 22 НМ SOI FD И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗРАБОТКИ РАДИАЦИОННО СТОЙКИХ ИМС НА ЕЕ ОСНОВЕ
Authors: Новоселов А.Ю.
Published: October 2020

Современный технологический уровень производства ИМС для аппаратуры космического применения, освоенный в АО «ПКК Миландр», - это 180 нм CMOS SOI. Показаны перспективы в проектировании и изготовлении данных ИМС при переходе на проектные нормы 22 нм с использованием технологии CMOS FDX SOI. Представлены результаты исследования тестового кристалла на основе разработанной библиотеки 22 нм SOI FD.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СБОЕВ SRAM-ПАМЯТИ, ВЫЗВАННЫХ ВТОРИЧНЫМИ ЧАСТИЦАМИ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ТЗЧ С ВЕЩЕСТВОМ МИКРОСХЕМЫ
Authors: Галимов А.М. , Гуков А.И. , Казякин А.А. , Фатеев И.А. , Козюков А.Е.
Published: October 2020

В докладе представлены экспериментальные данные распределения множественных сбоев в блоках памяти в составе системы на кристалле (СнК), изготовленной по технологии 40 нм. С помощью инструмента Geant4 проведено моделирование взаимодействия ионов с веществом микросхемы, которое потенциально объясняет наличие сбоев с экстремально высокой кратностью.
ТИПОВЫЕ И ПРЕДЕЛЬНЫЕ УРОВНИ РАДИАЦИОННОЙ СТОЙКОСТИ КОМПОНЕНТОВ РАДИОФОТОННЫХ СИСТЕМ И ОПТОЭЛЕКТРОННЫХ УСТРОЙСТВ
Authors: Печенкин А.А. , Черняк М.Е. , Можаев Р.К. , Уколов Д.С. , Лукашин В.П. , Уланова А.В. , Никифоров А.Ю. , Телец В.А.
Published: October 2020

В работе представлен обзор типовых и предельных уровней радиационной стойкости полупроводниковых лазерных излучателей, приемопередающих оптических модулей, оптических волокон, одиночных и матричных фотоприемных устройств, пассивных компонентов ВОЛС.
РАДИАЦИОННО СТОЙКОЕ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЕ НАНОМЕТРОВЫХ КМОП СБИС: РЕАЛИИ И МИФЫ
Authors: Герасимов Ю.М. , Григорьев Н.Г. , Петричкович Я.Я.
Published: October 2020

На основе анализа доминирующих радиационных эффектов в нанометровых КМОП СБИС СнК и ОЗУ рассмотрены наиболее эффективные методы радиационно стойкого проектирования (РСП). Показано, что использование совокупности этих методов позволяет добиться высоких показателей радиационной стойкости.
МАЛОГАБАРИТНЫЕ DC/DC-ПРЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛИ С НИЗКИМ ВЫХОДНЫМ НАПРЯЖЕНИЕМ
Authors: Мякочин Ю.О.
Published: October 2020

Компанией АО «ПКК Миландр» разработаны модули вторичного источника питания с малым выходным напряжением. В рамках работы было проведено сравнение двух материалов для керамического основания.
НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ И ПАРАМЕТРЫ БЫСТРОДЕЙСТВУЮЩИХ КОНВЕЙЕРНЫХ АЦП
Authors: Агрич Ю.В. , Гуменюк А.С. , Лифшиц В.Ю. , Павлюк Ю.М.
Published: October 2020

Представлен анализ направлений развития и параметры быстродействующих конвейерных АЦП фирмы Analog Devices Inc. Рассмотрены схемные и конструктивно-технологические решения быстродействующих АЦП. Приведены направления и результаты разработок быстродействующих конвейерных АЦП АО «ПКК Миландр».
ВЕРТИКАЛЬНО-ИЗЛУЧАЮЩИЕ ЛАЗЕРЫ СПЕКТРАЛЬНОГО ДИАПАЗОНА 12601570 НМ С ЧАСТОТОЙ ПРЯМОЙ ТОКОВОЙ МОДУЛЯЦИИ БОЛЕЕ 10 ГГЦ
Authors: Карачинский Л.Я. , Новиков И.И. , Бабичев А.В. , Блохин С.А. , Воропаев К.О. , Гладышев А.Г. , Егоров А.Ю. , Ионов А.С.
Published: October 2020

Разработана технология изготовления вертикально-излучающих лазеров спектрального диапазона 1260-1570 нм, обеспечивающих одномодовую мощность излучения до 6 мВт, эффективную частоту модуляции >10 ГГц, цифровую скорость передачи данных >25 Гбит/с.