bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Two-Stage Analysis Method for the Mechanical Response of Adjacent Existing Tunnels Caused by Foundation Pit Excavation
Authors: Mao Hongtao , Hu Zhinan , Wang Wenzheng , Liu Zhichun , Yang Huijun , Li Biao , Wang Yonggang
Published: July 2024

With the advancement of urban underground space networks, there has been a rise in foundation pit projects near existing tunnels. The construction of these foundation pits adjacent to existing tunnels can result in soil disturbance and stress redistribution, leading to additional deformation and internal force within the tunnels. This paper delves into the two-stage analysis method, outlining the calculation of additional stress in the initial stage considering various engineering factors and the methods for determining tunnel displacement and internal force in the subsequent stage. Through an engineering example and numerical simulations, the theoretical calculations were validated. The maximum displacement generated by the tunnel is −4.85 mm and −5.10 mm, respectively. The maximum error is only 5.9%, which confirms the validity of the theoretical approach. The analysis demonstrates that incorporating the unloading model of the bottom and surrounding side walls of the foundation pit is essential when calculating additional stress in the first stage. Moreover, the presence of engineering dewatering and double-hole tunnels can counterbalance the additional stress, with deviations of only 4.4% and 2.5%, respectively. In the second stage, factoring in the shear action and lateral soil action in the foundation and tunnel model enhances the accuracy of stress mode representation (accuracy increased by 18.8% and 29.3%, respectively). Additionally, accounting for the buried depth effect of the tunnel, soil non-uniformity, and foundation nonlinearity helps prevent excessive foundation reactions.
Landauer Principle and the Second Law in a Relativistic Communication Scenario
Authors: Alvim Yuri J. , Céleri Lucas C.
Published: July 2024

The problem of formulating thermodynamics in a relativistic scenario remains unresolved, although many proposals exist in the literature. The challenge arises due to the intrinsic dynamic structure of spacetime as established by the general theory of relativity. With the discovery of the physical nature of information, which underpins Landauer’s principle, we believe that information theory should play a role in understanding this problem. In this work, we contribute to this endeavour by considering a relativistic communication task between two partners, Alice and Bob, in a general Lorentzian spacetime. We then assume that the receiver, Bob, reversibly operates a local heat engine powered by information, and seek to determine the maximum amount of work he can extract from this device. As Bob cannot extract work for free, by applying both Landauer’s principle and the second law of thermodynamics, we establish a bound on the energy Bob must spend to acquire the information in the first place. This bound is a function of the spacetime metric and the properties of the communication channel.
Enhancing Trust in Transactive Energy with Individually Linkable Pseudonymous Trading Using Smart Contracts
Authors: Sousa-Dias Daniel , Amyot Daniel , Rahimi-Kian Ashkan , Mylopoulos John
Published: July 2024

The transactive energy market (TEM) is a recent development in energy management that enables prosumers to trade directly, promising many environmental and economic benefits. Prosumer trading necessitates sharing information to facilitate transactions. Additionally, many TEMs propose using blockchains to manage auctions and store transactions. These facts introduce privacy concerns: consumption data, trading history, and other identifying information pose risks to users if leaked. Anonymity by trading under a pseudonym is commonly presented as a solution; however, this creates risks for market participants: scammed users will not have recourse, and users with innocent malfunctions may be banned from trading. We propose the Individually Linkable Pseudonymous Trading Scheme (ILPTS), which enables users to trade under a pseudonym, protecting their identity, while a smart contract monitors reputations and can temporarily deanonymize a user, ensuring market integrity. ILPTS was developed in stages. Examination of existing TEM literature was performed to identify desirable features. Analysis of cryptography literature was performed to identify techniques that may confer certain features. It was found through formal analysis that ILPTS adheres to identified design goals, improves upon existing solutions, and resists common attacks against TEMs. Future work includes software simulation and on-device implementation to further verify security and feasibility.
Determination of Ambient Air Vaporizers’ Performance Based on a Study on Heat Transfer in Longitudinal Finned Tubes
Authors: Lisowski Filip , Lisowski Edward
Published: July 2024

Ambient air vaporizers (AVVs) are the most commonly used type of heat exchanger for cryogenic regasification stations. The transfer of heat from the environment for heating the liquefied gas and its vaporization is a cost-free and efficient method. Designing ambient air vaporizers for regasification or fueling stations requires accepting the size and related thermal power of the AVV considering the operating conditions and the type of liquefied gases to be vaporized. The nominal capacity of the ambient air vaporizer depends on its design, the frosting of longitudinal finned tubes, and the airflow through the vaporizer structure. This paper presents the results of experimental studies and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis on determining the heat output of AVV longitudinal finned tubes depending on their design. This experiment was conducted in order to establish a numerical model. The relation between the longitudinal finned tubes thermal power and the air flow velocity is demonstrated and the beneficial effect of forced convection is proved. The obtained results are used for verification calculations of ambient air vaporizers’ performance depending on the size of the AVV, the profile cross-section, and the airflow velocity for different liquefied gases. Under conditions of forced convection, profiles with 12 equal-height fins were discovered to be the most efficient for higher airflow velocity providing up to 7% higher heat rate than profiles with 8 equal-height fins. However, at low air velocity, profiles with 8 equal-length fins showed a comparable heat output to profiles with 12 equal-length fins. Profiles with 8 and 12 unequal high fins differ in average heat output by about 28%. The profile with 12 unequal high fins turned out to be the least effective when 2D airflow was considered in this analysis.
A Generalized Load Model Considering the Fault Ride-Through Capability of Distributed PV Generation System
Authors: Wang Haiyun , Chen Qian , Zhang Linyu , Yin Xiyu , Cui Han , Zhang Zhijian , Wei Huayue , Chen Xiaoyue
Published: July 2024

Considering the voltage stability problem brought by large-scale distributed PV access to the distribution network, this paper proposes a generalized load model that considers the fault ride-through capability of distributed PV. Firstly, the detailed model of the distribution network is established, and the detailed model is calibrated based on the measured data, the simulation errors are below 1%. And then establish a generalized load model considering distributed PV high and low voltage traversal ability. The sensitivity analysis results are used to rank the parameters to be identified, and the parameters with higher sensitivity are identified. The parameters are obtained from the detailed model and measured data, and four sets of parameters are identified and simulated under different PV penetration rates and fault conditions. The calculated fitting errors are less than 1%. The results show that the generalized load gray box model of the distribution network with distributed PV high and low voltage ride-through capability can reflect the dynamic characteristics of the distribution network well.
Improved Amott Method to Determine Oil Recovery Dynamics from Water-Wet Limestone Using GEV Statistics
Authors: Kaprielova Ksenia M. , Yutkin Maxim P. , Mowafi Mahmoud , Gmira Ahmed , Ayirala Subhash , Yousef Ali , Radke Clayton J. , Patzek Tadeusz W.
Published: July 2024

Counter-current spontaneous imbibition of water is a critical oil recovery mechanism. In the laboratory, the Amott test is a commonly used method to assess the efficacy of brine imbibition into oil-saturated core plugs. The classic Amott-cell experiment estimates ultimate oil recovery, but not the recovery dynamics that hold fundamental information about the imbibition mechanisms. Retention of oil droplets at the outer core surface and initial production delay are the two key artifacts of the classic Amott experiment. This retention, referred to here as the “external-surface oil holdup effect” or simply “oil holdup effect”, often results in stepwise recovery curves that obscure the true dynamics of spontaneous imbibition. To address these holdup drawbacks of the classic Amott method, we modified the Amott cell and experimental procedure. For the first time, using water-wet Indiana limestone cores saturated with brine and mineral oil, we showed that our improvements of the Amott method enabled accurate and reproducible measurements of oil recovery dynamics. Also for the first time, we used the generalized extreme value (GEV) statistics to describe oil production histories from water-wet heterogeneous limestone cores with finite initial water saturations. We demonstrated that our four-parameter GEV model accurately described the recovery dynamics, and that optimal GEV parameter values systematically reflected the key characteristics of the oil–rock system, such as oil viscosity and rock permeability. These findings gave us a more fundamental understanding of spontaneous, counter-current imbibition mechanisms and insights into what constitutes a predictive model of counter-current water imbibition into oil-saturated rocks with finite initial water saturation.
Investigating the Dewatering Efficiency of Sewage Sludge with Optimized Ratios of Electrolytic Manganese Residue Components
Authors: Huang Xuquan , Wang Jun , Xue Fei , Zhao Xiaorong , Shi Ziyao , Liang Qingyang , Wang Haojie , Zhao Ziyu
Published: July 2024

As an industrial waste residue, Electrolytic Manganese Residue (EMR) can greatly promote sludge dewatering and further particle-size optimization can significantly strengthen sludge dewaterability. In this study, the effects of ammonium sulfate, calcium sulphate dihydrate, and manganese carbonate in EMR on sludge dewatering performance were investigated using the response surface optimization method. It was found that the optimized ratio of three components in EMR was 1.0:1.6:2.2 based on capillary suction time (CST), specific resistance of filtration (SRF), and zeta potential of dewatered sludge. The composition ratio of particle-size optimized EMR was modified based on the above optimization, resulting in a significant increase in sludge dewatering performance (CST and SRF reduced by 8.7% and 11.2%, respectively). Compared with those in original sludge, the content of bound extracellular polymeric substances in the conditioned sludge with optimized ratio was drastically reduced while that of soluble extracellular polymeric substances was slightly increased, which was in accordance with the decline of fluorescence intensity. These findings indicated the disintegration of extracellular polymeric substances, the enhancement of hydrophobicity, and dewatering properties of the sludge. In summary, optimized EMR can effectively intensify the dewaterability of sludge, providing a competitive solution for dewatering and further disposal of sludge.
Microstructural Evolution of Quaternary AlCoCrNi High-Entropy Alloys during Heat Treatment
Authors: Jumaev Elyorjon , Park Hae-Jin , Abbas Muhammad Aoun , Yusupov Dilshodbek , Hong Sung-Hwan , Kim Ki-Buem
Published: July 2024

This study examines the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of quaternary AlCoCrNi high-entropy alloys after heat treatment at 873 K for 72 and 192 h. The changes in nanostructure and phase transformation based on the heat treatment duration were as follows: B2 dendrite + BCC interdendrite and sigma phases after 72 h; B2 dendrite and interdendritic sigma phases + BCC after 192 h. After annealing, the morphology of the dendritic region shifted from spherical to needle-like, and the interdendritic region transformed from a spinodal-like to a plate-like morphology. Additionally, a phase transformation was observed in the dendritic regions of the annealed alloys at the nano-scale. The presence of the sigma phase in AlCoCrNi high-entropy alloys significantly improved the yield strength to around 1172 MPa; nevertheless, it decreased the compressive strain rapidly to 0.62%.
Properties of Cemented Filling Materials Prepared from Phosphogypsum-Steel Slag–Blast-Furnace Slag and Its Environmental Effect
Authors: Li Kai , Zhu Lishun , Wu Zhonghu , Wang Xiaomin
Published: July 2024

Phosphogypsum (PG) occupies a large amount of land due to its large annual production and low utilization rate, and at the same time causes serious environmental problems due to toxic impurities. PG is used for mine backfill, and industrial solid waste is a curing agent for PG, which can save the filling cost and reduce environmental pollution. In this paper, PG was used as a raw material, combined with steel slag (SS) and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) under the action of an alkali-activated agent (NaOH) to prepare all-solid waste phosphogypsum-based backfill material (PBM). The effect of the GGBS to SS ratio on the compressive strength and toxic leaching of PBM was investigated. The chemical composition of the raw materials was obtained by XRF analysis, and the mineral composition and morphology of PBM and its stabilization/curing mechanism against heavy metals were analyzed using XRD and SEM-EDS. The results showed that the best performance of PBM was achieved when the contents of PG, GGBS, and SS were 80%, 13%, and 7%, the liquid-to-solid ratio was 0.4, and the mass concentration of NaOH was 4%, with a strength of 2.8 MPa at 28 days. The leaching concentration of fluorine at 7 days met the standard of groundwater class IV (2 mg/L), and the leaching concentration of phosphorus was detected to be less than 0.001 mg/L, and the leaching concentration of heavy metals met the environmental standard at 14 d. The hydration concentration in PBM met the environmental standard. The hydration products in PBM are mainly ettringite and C-(A)-S-H gel, which can effectively stabilize the heavy metals in PG through chemical precipitation, physical adsorption, and encapsulation.
Seaweeds as Source of Bioactive Pigments with Neuroprotective and/or Anti-Neurodegenerative Activities: Astaxanthin and Fucoxanthin
Authors: Guardado Yordi Estela , Pérez Martínez Amaury , Radice Matteo , Scalvenzi Laura , Abreu-Naranjo Reinier , Uriarte Eugenio , Santana Lourdes , Matos Maria Joao
Published: July 2024

The marine kingdom is an important source of a huge variety of scaffolds inspiring the design of new drugs. The complex molecules found in the oceans present a great challenge to organic and medicinal chemists. However, the wide variety of biological activities they can display is worth the effort. In this article, we present an overview of different seaweeds as potential sources of bioactive pigments with activity against neurodegenerative diseases, especially due to their neuroprotective effects. Along with a broad introduction to seaweed as a source of bioactive pigments, this review is especially focused on astaxanthin and fucoxanthin as potential neuroprotective and/or anti-neurodegenerative agents. PubMed and SciFinder were used as the main sources to search and select the most relevant scientific articles within the field.
Optimizing Elemental Transfer Predictions in Submerged Arc Welding via CALPHAD Technology under Varying Heat Inputs: A Case Study into SiO2-Bearing Flux
Authors: Fan Jun , Zhang Jin , Zhang Dan
Published: July 2024

With the advancement of the manufacturing industry, performing submerged arc welding subject to varying welding heat inputs has become essential. However, traditional thermodynamic models are insufficient for predicting the effect of welding heat input on elemental transfer behavior. This study aims to develop a model via CALPHAD technology to predict the influence of heat input on essential elements such as O, Si, and Mn when typical SiO2-bearing fluxes are employed. The predicted data demonstrate that the proposed model effectively forecasts changes in elemental transfer behavior induced by varying welding heat inputs. Furthermore, the study discusses the thermodynamic factors affecting elemental transfer behavior under different heat inputs, supported by both measured compositions and thermodynamic data. These insights may provide theoretical and technical support for flux design, welding material matching, and composition prediction under various heat input conditions subject to submerged arc welding processes when SiO2-bearing fluxes are employed.
Full-Automatic High-Efficiency Mueller Matrix Microscopy Imaging for Tissue Microarray Inspection
Authors: Wei Hanyue , Zhou Yifu , Ma Feiya , Yang Rui , Liang Jian , Ren Liyong
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes a full-automatic high-efficiency Mueller matrix microscopic imaging (MMMI) system based on the tissue microarray (TMA) for cancer inspection for the first time. By performing a polar decomposition on the sample’s Mueller matrix (MM) obtained by a transmissive MMMI system we established, the linear phase retardance equivalent waveplate fast-axis azimuth and the linear phase retardance are obtained for distinguishing the cancerous tissues from the normal ones based on the differences in their polarization characteristics, where three analyses methods including statistical analysis, the gray-level co-occurrence matrix analysis (GLCM) and the Tamura image processing method (TIPM) are used. Previous MMMI medical diagnostics typically utilized discrete slices for inspection under a high-magnification objective (20×–50×) with a small field of view, while we use the TMA under a low-magnification objective (5×) with a large field of view. Experimental results indicate that MMMI based on TMA can effectively analyze the pathological variations in biological tissues, inspect cancerous cervical tissues, and thus contribute to the diagnosis of postoperative cancer biopsies. Such an inspection method, using a large number of samples within a TMA, is beneficial for obtaining consistent findings and good reproducibility.
Deformation Estimation of Textureless Objects from a Single Image
Authors: Adli Sahand Eivazi , Pickard Joshua K. , Sun Ganyun , Dubay Rickey
Published: July 2024

Deformations introduced during the production of plastic components degrade the accuracy of their 3D geometric information, a critical aspect of object inspection processes. This phenomenon is prevalent among primary plastic products from manufacturers. This work proposes a solution for the deformation estimation of textureless plastic objects using only a single RGB image. This solution encompasses a unique image dataset of five deformed parts, a novel method for generating mesh labels, sequential deformation, and a training model based on graph convolution. The proposed sequential deformation method outperforms the prevalent chamfer distance algorithm in generating precise mesh labels. The training model projects object vertices into features extracted from the input image, and then, predicts vertex location offsets based on the projected features. The predicted meshes using these offsets achieve a sub-millimeter accuracy on synthetic images and approximately 2.0 mm on real images.
Distributed Resources Allocation Method for Space–Ground Integrated Mobile Communication System
Authors: Zhao Tingyin , Li Zhidu
Published: July 2024

This paper presents an innovative approach towards space–ground integrated communication systems by combining terrestrial cellular networks, UAV networks, and satellite networks, leveraging advanced slicing technology. The proposed architecture addresses the challenges posed by future user surges and aims to reduce network overhead effectively. Central to our approach is the introduction of a marginal mobile station (MS)-assisted network resource allocation decision architecture. Building upon this foundation, we introduce the DP-DQN model, an enhanced decision-making algorithm tailored for MSs in dynamic network environments. Furthermore, this study introduces a feedback mechanism to ensure the accuracy and adaptability of the marginalization model over time. Through extensive simulations and experimental validations, our DP-DQN-based edge decision method demonstrates substantial potential in alleviating core network overhead while improving success access ratios compared to conventional methods.
Unveiling Colorectal Cancer Biomarkers: Harnessing Biosensor Technology for Volatile Organic Compound Detection
Authors: Golfinopoulou Rebecca , Hatziagapiou Kyriaki , Mavrikou Sophie , Kintzios Spyridon
Published: July 2024

Conventional screening options for colorectal cancer (CRC) detection are mainly direct visualization and invasive methods including colonoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy, which must be performed in a clinical setting and may be linked to adverse effects for some patients. Non-invasive CRC diagnostic tests such as computed tomography colonography and stool tests are either too costly or less reliable than invasive ones. On the other hand, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are potentially ideal non-invasive biomarkers for CRC detection and monitoring. The present review is a comprehensive presentation of the current state-of-the-art VOC-based CRC diagnostics, with a specific focus on recent advancements in biosensor design and application. Among them, breath-based chromatography pattern analysis and sampling techniques are overviewed, along with nanoparticle-based optical and electrochemical biosensor approaches. Limitations of the currently available technologies are also discussed with an outlook for improvement in combination with big data analytics and advanced instrumentation, as well as expanding the scope and specificity of CRC-related volatile biomarkers.
Integrating sEMG and IMU Sensors in an e-Textile Smart Vest for Forward Posture Monitoring: First Steps
Authors: Martins João , Cerqueira Sara M. , Catarino André Whiteman , da Silva Alexandre Ferreira , Rocha Ana M. , Vale Jorge , Ângelo Miguel , Santos Cristina P.
Published: July 2024

Currently, the market for wearable devices is expanding, with a growing trend towards the use of these devices for continuous-monitoring applications. Among these, real-time posture monitoring and assessment stands out as a crucial application given the rising prevalence of conditions like forward head posture (FHP). This paper proposes a wearable device that combines the acquisition of electromyographic signals from the cervical region with inertial data from inertial measurement units (IMUs) to assess the occurrence of FHP. To improve electronics integration and wearability, e-textiles are explored for the development of surface electrodes and conductive tracks that connect the different electronic modules. Tensile strength and abrasion tests of 22 samples consisting of textile electrodes and conductive tracks produced with three fiber types (two from Shieldex and one from Imbut) were conducted. Imbut’s Elitex fiber outperformed Shieldex’s fibers in both tests. The developed surface electromyography (sEMG) acquisition hardware and textile electrodes were also tested and benchmarked against an electromyography (EMG) gold standard in dynamic and isometric conditions, with results showing slightly better root mean square error (RMSE) values (for 4 × 2 textile electrodes (10.02%) in comparison to commercial Ag/AgCl electrodes (11.11%). The posture monitoring module was also validated in terms of joint angle estimation and presented an overall error of 4.77° for a controlled angular velocity of 40°/s as benchmarked against a UR10 robotic arm.
Thermal Deformation Measurement of the Surface Shape of a Satellite Antenna Using High-Accuracy Close-Range Photogrammetry
Authors: Ma Kaifeng , Huang Guiping , Meng Junzhen
Published: July 2024

To determine both the size of a satellite antenna and the thermal deformation of its surface shape, a novel high-accuracy close-range photogrammetric technique is used in this study. The method is also applied to assess the performance of the antenna in orbit. The measurement principle and solution method of close-range photogrammetry were thoroughly investigated, and a detailed measurement test scheme was developed. A thermal deformation measurement of the surface shape of a satellite antenna was then carried out. The results show that the measurement error using close-range photogrammetry was smaller than 0.04 mm, which meets the accuracy requirement. Thanks to the high accuracy, it was discovered that both the surface shape and the rib precision of the satellite antenna deteriorate with decreasing temperature. The accuracy of the surface shape and ribs was lowest when the temperature node was −60 °C. The maximum root mean square errors (RMSEs) reached 0.878 mm and 0.761 mm, respectively. This indicates that the surface shape deformation error of the antenna caused by high and low temperatures is relatively high. However, the requirement for the technical design index (RMSE ≤ 1 mm for the surface shape accuracy of the antenna) is still met. Furthermore, for temperature differences of 40 °C and 80 °C, the measured RMSEs for the surface shape deformation were 0.216 mm and 0.411 mm, respectively. Overall, the technical design indicators (RMSE ≤ 0.3 mm and RMSE ≤ 0.5 mm, respectively) for the surface shape deformation of the antennas are met.
Real-Time Spatial Mapping in Architectural Visualization: A Comparison among Mixed Reality Devices
Authors: Do Tam Le Phuc , Sanhae Kang , Hwang Leehwan , Lee Seunghyun
Published: July 2024

Recent advancements in communication technology have catalyzed the widespread adoption of realistic content, with augmented reality (AR) emerging as a pivotal tool for seamlessly integrating virtual elements into real-world environments. In construction, architecture, and urban design, the integration of mixed reality (MR) technology enables rapid interior spatial mapping, providing clients with immersive experiences to envision their desires. The rapid advancement of MR devices, or devices that integrate MR capabilities, offers users numerous opportunities for enhanced entertainment experiences. However, to support designers at a high level of expertise, it is crucial to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data provided by these devices. This study explored the potential of utilizing spatial mapping within various methodologies for surveying architectural interiors. The objective was to identify optimized spatial mapping procedures and determine the most effective applications for their use. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the interior survey performance, using HoloLens 2, an iPhone 13 Pro for spatial mapping, and photogrammetry. The findings indicate that HoloLens 2 is most suited for the tasks examined in the scope of these experiments. Nonetheless, based on the acquired parameters, the author also proposes approaches to apply the other technologies in specific real-world scenarios.
Soil Marginal Effect and LSTM Model in Chinese Solar Greenhouse
Authors: Cheng Weiwei , Wang Changchao , Wang Yu , Hao Lirong , Liu Zhonghua , Cui Qingliang
Published: July 2024

The food crisis has increased demand for agricultural resources due to various factors such as extreme weather, energy crises, and conflicts. A solar greenhouse enables counter-seasonal winter cultivation due to its thermal insulation, thus alleviating the food crisis. The root temperature is of critical importance, although the mechanism of soil thermal environment change remains uncertain. This paper presents a comprehensive study of the soil thermal environment of a solar greenhouse in Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, employing a variety of analytical techniques, including theoretical, experimental, and numerical simulation, and deep learning modelling. The results of this study demonstrate the following: During the overwintering period, the thermal environment of the solar greenhouse floor was divided into a low-temperature zone, a constant-temperature zone, and a high-temperature zone; the distance between the low-temperature boundary and the southern foot was 2.6 m. The lowest temperature in the low-temperature zone was 11.06 °C and the highest was 19.05 °C. The floor in the low-temperature zone had to be heated; the lowest value of the constant-temperature zone was 18.29 °C, without heating. The minimum distance between the area of high temperature and the southern foot of the solar greenhouse was 8 m and the lowest temperature reading was 19.29 °C. The indoor soil temperature tended to stabilise at a depth of 45 cm, and the lowest temperature reading at a horizontal distance of 1400 mm from the south foot was 19.5 °C. The Fluent and LSTM models fitted well and the models can be used to help control soil temperature during overwintering in extreme climates. The research can provide theoretical and data support for the crop areas and the heating of pipelines in the solar greenhouse.
Capacitive Sensors Based on Recycled Carbon Fibre (rCF) Composites
Authors: Ozioko Oliver , Odiyi Daniel C. , Diala Uchenna , Akinbami Fiyinfoluwa , Emu Marshal , Shafik Mahmoud
Published: July 2024

Recycled carbon fibre (rCF) composites are increasingly being explored for applications such as strain sensing, manufacturing of automobile parts, assistive technologies, and structural health monitoring due to their properties and economic and environmental benefits. The high conductivity of carbon and its wide application for sensing makes rCF very attractive for integrating sensing into passive structures. In this paper, capacitive sensors have been fabricated using rCF composites of varying compositions. First, we investigated the suitability of recycled carbon fibre polymer composites for different sensing applications. As a proof of concept, we fabricated five touch/proximity sensors and three soil moisture sensors, using recycled carbon fibre composites and their performances compared. The soil moisture sensors were realised using rCF as electrodes. This makes them corrosion-resistant and more environmental-friendly, compared to conventional soil moisture sensors realised using metallic electrodes. The results of the touch/proximity sensing show an average change in capacitance (ΔC/C~34) for 20 mm and (ΔC/C~5) for 100 mm, distances of a hand from the active sensing region. The results of the soil moisture sensors show a stable and repeatable response, with a high sensitivity of ~116 pF/mL of water in the linear region. These results demonstrate their respective potential for touch/proximity sensing, as well as smart and sustainable agriculture.
Optimization of Distributed Energy Resources Operation in Green Buildings Environment
Authors: Ali Safdar , Hayat Khizar , Hussain Ibrar , Khan Ahmad , Kim Dohyeun
Published: July 2024

Without a well-defined energy management plan, achieving meaningful improvements in human lifestyle becomes challenging. Adequate energy resources are essential for development, but they are both limited and costly. In the literature, several solutions have been proposed for energy management but they either minimize energy consumption or improve the occupant’s comfort index. The energy management problem is a multi-objective problem where the user wants to reduce energy consumption while keeping the occupant’s comfort index intact. To address the multi-objective problem this paper proposed an energy control system for a green environment called PMC (Power Management and Control). The system is based on hybrid energy optimization, energy prediction, and multi-preprocessing. The combination of GA (Genetic Algorithm) and PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) is performed to make a fusion methodology to improve the occupant comfort index (OCI) and decrease energy utilization. The proposed framework gives a better OCI when compared with its counterparts, the Ant Bee Colony Knowledge Base framework (ABCKB), GA-based prediction framework (GAP), Hybrid Prediction with Single Optimization framework (SOHP), and PSO-based power consumption framework. Compared with the existing AEO framework, the PMC gives practically the same OCI but consumes less energy. The PMC framework additionally accomplished the ideal OCI (i-e 1) when compared with the existing model, FA–GA (i-e 0.98). The PMC model consumed less energy as compared to existing models such as the ABCKB, GAP, PSO, and AEO. The PMC model consumed a little bit more energy than the SOHP but provided a better OCI. The comparative outcomes show the capability of the PMC framework to reduce energy utilization and improve the OCI. Unlike other existing methodologies except for the AEO framework, the PMC technique is additionally confirmed through a simulation by controlling the indoor environment using actuators, such as fan, light, AC, and boiler.
Structural Optimization and Performance of a Low-Frequency Double-Shell Type-IV Flexural Hydroacoustic Transducer
Authors: Chen Jinsong , Gong Chengxin , Yue Guilin , Zhang Lilong , Wang Xiaoli , Huo Zhenhao , Dong Ziyu
Published: July 2024

To amplify the displacement of the radiation shell, a double-shell type-IV curved hydroacoustic transducer was proposed. Through Ansys finite element simulation, the vibration modes of the transducer in different stages and the harmonic response characteristics in air and water were studied, and the bandwidth emission of the hydroacoustic transducer was achieved. By optimizing the size of each component, the resonant frequency of the transducer is 740 Hz, the maximum conductivity was 0.66 mS, and the maximum transmitting voltage response was 130 dB. According to the optimized parameters, a longitudinal acoustic transducer prototype was manufactured, and a physical test was conducted in an anechoic pool. The obtained resonant frequency was 750 Hz, the maximum conductivity was 0.44 mS, the maximum transmitting voltage response was 129.25 dB, and the maximum linear dimension was 250 mm, which match the simulated value of the virtual prototype and meet the expected requirements.
Security in Transformer Visual Trackers: A Case Study on the Adversarial Robustness of Two Models
Authors: Ye Peng , Chen Yuanfang , Ma Sihang , Xue Feng , Crespi Noel , Chen Xiaohan , Fang Xing
Published: July 2024

Visual object tracking is an important technology in camera-based sensor networks, which has a wide range of practicability in auto-drive systems. A transformer is a deep learning model that adopts the mechanism of self-attention, and it differentially weights the significance of each part of the input data. It has been widely applied in the field of visual tracking. Unfortunately, the security of the transformer model is unclear. It causes such transformer-based applications to be exposed to security threats. In this work, the security of the transformer model was investigated with an important component of autonomous driving, i.e., visual tracking. Such deep-learning-based visual tracking is vulnerable to adversarial attacks, and thus, adversarial attacks were implemented as the security threats to conduct the investigation. First, adversarial examples were generated on top of video sequences to degrade the tracking performance, and the frame-by-frame temporal motion was taken into consideration when generating perturbations over the depicted tracking results. Then, the influence of perturbations on performance was sequentially investigated and analyzed. Finally, numerous experiments on OTB100, VOT2018, and GOT-10k data sets demonstrated that the executed adversarial examples were effective on the performance drops of the transformer-based visual tracking. White-box attacks showed the highest effectiveness, where the attack success rates exceeded 90% against transformer-based trackers.
Selecting Resilient Strategies for Cost Optimization in Prefabricated Building Supply Chains Based on the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-Ⅱ: Facing Diverse Disruption Scenarios
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Wang Tongtong , Cui Wenjing , Zhou Guangqiang , Liu Huajun
Published: July 2024

As a new sustainable building production mode, prefabricated building supply chains can realize energy saving, environmental protection and full cycle value maximization of building products. Prefabricated building supply chains often experience disruptions due to supply instability, transportation delay and force majeure, resulting in project delays and cost escalations and posing challenges to the sustainable development objectives of enterprises. Therefore, it is important and essential to study the strategy of enhancing the resiliency of prefabricated building supply chains, which has not been comprehensively explored in previous papers. This paper constructs decision-making models for supply chain cost resilience strategies under varying scenarios of supply disruptions, incorporating both redundant inventory and back-up supplier strategy. It considers the total cost and resilience of the supply chain as dual objective functions. Parameter-tuned non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Π (NSGA-Π) algorithms were used innovatively to solve the project case, and the impacts of the redundant inventory coefficient and back-up supplier supply price coefficient on the model result were analyzed. The results indicate that the supply chain with resilience construction has a superior capability to cope with disruption. The results show that when there is a mild supply disruption, the general contractor uses the capacity within the supply chain and chooses a redundant inventory strategy to restore resilience. In the event of moderate disruption, both the easy inventory strategy and back-up supplier strategy are selected to maintain supply chain stability. In the event of a severe disruption, only the back-up supplier strategy is selected to cover the losses and maintain the project schedule. In addition, the choice of resilience strategy is impacted by the inventory levels and component prices of back-up suppliers. It further verifies the effectiveness of the model and the impacts of uncertain parameters in the model on the results. This study contributes to enhancing the resilience management of the prefabricated building supply chain by the general contractor, thereby elevating the overall efficiency and competitiveness of the supply chain and furthering the sustainable development of prefabricated buildings.
Prorok naspram tiranije oružja, gluposti i većine (Iz *30–31)
Authors: Grgić Miljenka
Published: July 2024

Studija osvjetljuje tiransku narav asirske krize u Judeji od 705. do 701. g. pr. Kr. analizirajući povijesne okolnosti i Izaijinu poruku u Iz *30–31. Studija postavlja i brani tezu da je spor između Izaije i judejskih lidera gravitirao oko teopolitike judejskog vazalskog ugovora s Asirijom: lideri su razvrgli ugovor u ime nacionalne mesijanske teopolitike, a Izaija se tome protivio na liniji međunarodne teopolitike vazalskog ugovora, koji se zbog njegove bilateralne i teopolitičke naravi nije mogao niti smio jednostrano razvrći. Studija otkriva da je Izaija bio razboriti teopolitičar i da je njegova politika podlaganja i vjernosti Asiriji bila autentična pro-judejska politika u kontekstu asirske krize: korisna Judeji, pravična prema Asiriji i pravedna pred Bogom. S druge strane, analiza poteza judejskih lidera pokazuje da je Ezekijina mesijanska teokracija bila tiranska vladavina koja je prekršila sva pravila mesijanske teokracije te da je asirska kriza u Judeji bila kompleksna tiranska kriza, koju je nametnula judejska tiranija u ime borbe za slobodu protiv asirske tiranije. Studija na kraju ocrtava Izaijin otpor tiraniji i predlaže ga kao proročki model za teologiju u kompleksnim tiranskim krizama.
Partial Flipped Classroom Approach and Student Engagement in the Classroom
Authors: Osituyo Oluwaseun , Malagila John Kalimilo , Sha'ven Widin Bongasu
Published: July 2024

We explore the association between students’ pre-class online learning and their perceptions of in-person class engagement preparedness at a UK University. The introduction of a partial-flipped classroom (PFC) approach in a second-year intermediate management accounting module provided the research setting. We used a questionnaire to collect data and employed statistical and qualitative data analysis techniques. We find that students who engaged with the pre-class online learning tended to engage more with the in-person learning materials/activities, and perceived a significant link between learning content and outcomes. We also find that students’ perception of the PFC may be influenced by the nature/extent of their engagement with the approach, fee status, and less likely to be influenced by age or gender. Our paper contributes to the PFC literature by providing exploratory evidence on the association between pre-class online learning and student engagement in subsequent in-person class learning.
Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados: compreensão e aplicação na Polícia Militar do Paraná
Authors: Valadares Danielle Rinaldi
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo pretende compreender a aplicação da Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados na Polícia Militar do Paraná, avaliando o impacto da legislação nas atividades desenvolvidas. Através de uma revisão interativa da literatura, o estudo busca responder como essa legislação é importante frisando inclusive à elevação da proteção de dados pessoais a um direito constitucional fundamental. A discussão aborda a relação entre a Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados e a Lei de Acesso a Informação e explica os princípios e a finalidade de cada legislação, distingui e explica que as leis não são contrárias, que se complementam. A revisão da literatura explica ainda que embora não exista legislação específica para a Segurança Pública, os princípios e fundamentos da LGPD devem ser respeitados, ou pode ocorrer à responsabilização de seus agentes. O estudo conclui que ao respeitar a legislação específica ao tema, a PMPR será mais transparente e consequentemente terá mais respeito e confiança de toda a população. A pesquisa também destaca a necessidade de treinamento específico e pesquisas adicionais nesta área.
РОЛЬ КОУЧИНГУ У ФОРМУВАННІ ВІЙСЬКОВОГО ЛІДЕРСТВА МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ РОЗВІДКИ
Authors: Боярська-Хоменко А. В. , Риндін Ю. І.
Published: July 2024

Актуальність дослідження визначається потребою підвищити ефективність підготовки офіцерів розвідки для прийняття обґрунтованих рішень у стресових і непередбачуваних ситуаціях. Коучингові технології сприяють розвитку критичного мислення, емоційного інтелекту та міжособистісної комунікації, підвищують мотивацію курсантів до навчання, полегшують засвоєння навчального матеріалу та сприяють розвитку лідерських якостей, що є важливими аспектами для військового лідера.

Мета статті полягає у вивченні впливу коучингових технологій на розвиток лідерських якостей майбутніх офіцерів розвідки у вищих військових навчальних закладах. Мета визначає такі завдання: встановити ключові фактори ефективного використання коучингу для формування військового лідерства, оцінити вплив коучингових технологій на розвиток загальних та спеціальних компетентностей майбутніх офіцерів розвідки, виявити переваги і виклики використання коучингу в процесі підготовки військових лідерів, розробити рекомендації щодо інтеграції коучингових технологій у навчальні програми для підвищення якості підготовки майбутніх офіцерів розвідки.

Дослідження показало, що основними факторами, які сприяють ефективному формуванню військового лідерства за допомогою коучингу, є індивідуалізація навчання, розвиток самосвідомості та саморефлексії у курсантів. Коучинг сприяє розвитку стратегічного і критичного мислення, здатності приймати обґрунтовані рішення у складних умовах. Також він покращує комунікаційні навички і сприяє формуванню емоційного інтелекту у майбутніх офіцерів розвідки.

Висновки дослідження підкреслюють переваги використання коучингових технологій у військовій освіті для підготовки майбутніх офіцерів розвідки, а також вказують на виклики, такі як нестача кваліфікованих коучів зі знанням специфіки військової служби, культурні бар’єри та проблеми з конфіденційністю. Рекомендації щодо успішної інтеграції коучингових технологій включають створення коучингової культури, підготовку кваліфікованих коучів, індивідуальні коуч-сесії для курсантів та моніторинг ефективності програм.
ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ПРАКТИЧНО-ПОЛЬОВОЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ОФІЦЕРІВ РОЗВІДКИ
Authors: Король Д. А. , Чкалов А. П.
Published: July 2024

Ефективна підготовка офіцерів розвідки є важливим компонентом забезпечення національної обороноздатності, оскільки вони виконують складні та відповідальні завдання з отримання, аналізу та використання розвідувальної інформації. Практично-польова підготовка офіцерів розвідки відіграє ключову роль у формуванні необхідних професійних навичок, адже дозволяє наближено до реальних умов відпрацювати виконання службових завдань, підготуватися до реальних бойових дій та розвинути адаптивні можливості. Мета статті полягає у виявленні та науковому обґрунтуванні педагогічних умов підвищення ефективності практично-польової підготовки майбутніх офіцерів розвідки. Для досягнення цієї мети використовувалася комбінація методів дослідження: аналіз, синтез, узагальнення та емпіричні методи, такі як спостереження. У ході дослідження було визначено кілька ключових педагогічних умов, які впливають на формування професійної компетентності військових. Однією з них є розроблення інтегрованої освітньої програми, яка передбачає як оволодіння теоретичними знаннями, так і практичними навичками. Ця програма повинна бути цілісною та систематизованою, поєднувати різні аспекти теоретичної та практичної підготовки. Інтегрована програма забезпечує комплексний підхід до підготовки майбутніх офіцерів, що включає вивчення фахових дисциплін, практичні заняття, польові тренування та психологічну підготовку. Іншим важливим аспектом є забезпечення високої кваліфікації викладацького складу. Висока кваліфікація викладачів є критично важливою для формування професійних компетентностей курсантів. Кваліфіковані викладачі здатні забезпечити якісне викладання теоретичних дисциплін, які становлять основу професійної підготовки офіцерів розвідки, та мають значний практичний досвід, що дозволяє їм надавати курсантам реалістичні приклади з власної служби. Створення мотиваційного середовища також є вирішальним фактором у досягненні високих освітніх результатів. Мотиваційне середовище забезпечує високу зацікавленість курсантів у навчанні, сприяє їхній активній участі у всіх формах освітньої діяльності, підвищує їхню самодисципліну, відповідальність та наполегливість. Індивідуалізація освітнього середовища є однією з ключових умов, що передбачає адаптацію освітнього процесу до індивідуальних потреб, особливостей і потенціалу кожного курсанта. Це дозволяє максимально розкрити їхні можливості та забезпечити досягнення високих результатів у навчанні. Інтеграція сучасних технологій в освітній процес є необхідністю для підготовки висококваліфікованих фахівців, здатних ефективно діяти в умовах сучасних викликів.