bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HERMES: Gamma-ray burst and gravitational wave counterpart hunter
Authors: Ghirlanda G. , Nava L. , Salafia O. , Fiore F. , Campana R. , Salvaterra R. , Sanna A. , Leone W. , Evangelista Y. , Dilillo G. , Puccetti S. , Santangelo A. , Trenti M. , Guzmán A. , Hedderman P. , Amelino-Camelia G. , Barbera M. , Baroni G. , Bechini M. , Bellutti P. , Bertuccio G. , Borghi G. , Brandonisio A. , Burderi L. , Cabras C. , Chen T. , Citossi M. , Colagrossi A. , Crupi R. , De Cecio F. , Dedolli I. , Del Santo M. , Demenev E. , Di Salvo T. , Ficorella F. , Gačnik D. , Gandola M. , Gao N. , Gomboc A. , Grassi M. , Iaria R. , La Rosa G. , Lo Cicero U. , Malcovati P. , Manca A. , Marchesini E. J. , Maselli A. , Mele F. , Nogara P. , Pepponi G. , Perri M. , Picciotto A. , Pirrotta S. , Prinetto J. , Quirino M. , Riggio A. , Řípa J. , Russo F. , Selčan D. , Silvestrini S. , Sottile G. , Thomas M. L. , Tiberia A. , Trevisan S. , Troisi I. , Tsvetkova A. , Vacchi A. , Werner N. , Zanotti G. , Zorzi N.
Published: June 2024

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) bridge relativistic astrophysics and multimessenger astronomy. Space–based γ- and X-ray wide-field detectors have proven essential for detecting and localizing the highly variable GRB prompt emission, which is also a counterpart of gravitational wave events. We studied the capability of detecting long and short GRBs with the High Energy Rapid Modular Ensemble of Satellites (HERMES) Pathfinder (HP) and SpIRIT, namely a swarm of six 3U CubeSats to be launched in early 2025, and a 6U CubeSat launched on December 1 2023. We also studied the capabilities of two advanced configurations of swarms of more than eight satellites with improved detector performances (HERMES Constellations). The HERMES detectors, sensitive down to ∼2–3 keV, will be able to detect faint and soft GRBs, which comprise X-ray flashes and high-redshift bursts. By combining state-of-the-art long- and short-GRB population models with a description of the single module performance, we estimate that HP will detect ∼195−21+22 long GRBs (3.4−0.8+0.3 at redshift z > 6) and ∼19−3+5 short GRBs per year. The larger HERMES Constellations under study can detect between ∼1300 and ∼3000 long GRBs per year and between ∼160 and ∼400 short GRBs per year, depending on the chosen configuration, with a rate of long GRBs above z > 6 of between 30 and 75 per year. Finally, we explored the capability of HERMES to detect short GRBs as electromagnetic counterparts of binary neutron star (BNS) mergers detected as gravitational signals by current and future ground–based interferometers. Under the assumption that the GRB jets are structured, we estimate that HP can provide up to ∼1 (14) yr−1 joint detections during the fifth LIGO–Virgo–KAGRA observing run (Einstein Telescope single triangle 10 km arm configuration). These numbers become ∼4 (100) yr−1, respectively, for the HERMES Constellation configuration.
[CII] luminosity models and large-scale image cubes based on COSMOS 2020 and ALPINE-ALMA [CII] data back to the epoch of reionisation
Authors: Clarke J. , Karoumpis C. , Riechers D. , Magnelli B. , Okada Y. , Dev A. , Nikola T. , Bertoldi F.
Published: June 2024

Aims. We have implemented a novel method to create simulated [CII] emission line intensity mapping (LIM) data cubes using COSMOS 2020 galaxy catalogue data. It allows us to provide solid lower limits for previous simulation-based model predictions and the expected signal strength of upcoming surveys.

Methods. We applied [CII]158 μm luminosity models to COSMOS 2020 to create LIM cubes covering a 1.2 × 1.2deg2 sky area. These models were derived using galaxy bulk property data from the ALPINE-ALMA survey over the redshift range of 4.4 < z < 5.9, while additional models were taken from the literature. The LIM cubes cover 3.42 < z < 3.87, 4.14 < z < 4.76, 5.34 < z < 6.31, and 6.75 < z < 8.27, matched to planned observations from the EoR-Spec module of the Prime-Cam instrument in the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST). We also created predictions including additional galaxies below current detection limits by ‘extrapolating’ from the faint end of the COSMOS 2020 luminosity function, comparing these to predictions from the literature. In addition, we computed the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios for the power spectra, using parameters from the planned FYST survey with predicted instrumental noise levels.

Results. We find lower limits for the expected power spectrum using the likely incomplete empirical data: when normalised by 2π2, the amplitudes at k = 1 Mpc−1 are 3.06 × 107, 1.43 × 107, 9.80 × 105, 2.77 × 105 (Jy sr−1)2 for the aforementioned redshift ranges. For the extrapolated sample, the power spectra are consistent with prior predictions, indicating that extrapolation is a viable method for creating mock LIM cubes. In this case, we expect a result of S/N> 1 when using FYST parameters. However, our high-redshift results remain inconclusive because of the poor completeness of COSMOS 2020 at z > 6.3. These predictions will be improved on the basis of future JWST data.
Prospects of concrete mixes based on domestic raw materials for 3D construction in the Russian Federation
Authors: Golubev Nikita , Akulova Marina , Sokolova Yulia , Sokolova Alla
Published: June 2024

The present article discusses the main tendencies of construction industry development that have a significant impact on its further growth together with modern architectural trends. Presently, 3D technological processes enabling to erect structures of any shapes in a short period of time are rapidly introduced on the construction sites. The use of molds and heat treatment are not required for this technology. The present work justifies theoretical and experimental aspects of concrete mix selection for 3D printing of houses, members and small architectural forms. It was stated that hardening rate and structure's strength greatly affect layering technique of walls and framework executed under 3D technology. It was shown that components added with the purpose of enhancement of concrete consistency, time-yield and decreasing its flowability have a significant influence on the process of innovative construction. For the first time, the composition for 3D printing of houses and small architectural forms was based on the concrete mix with the miscanthus organic filler of “Camis” variety.
Experimental studies of flange connections with gaps
Authors: Tusnin Aleksander , Platonova Valeria
Published: June 2024

Particular interest for solving engineering problems is the question of the actual operation of the building frame as a whole, taking into account the peculiarities of the operation of joint solutions connecting the main elements. It is proposed to investigate the effect of initial gaps in flanged "beam-column" type connections on the strength and deformation characteristics of the joint solution. Particular attention is paid to the work of high-strength bolts with preload in the "tension with bending" mode of operation. In this article, the configuration of the experimental model is proposed, a method is chosen for relieving stresses in bolts through three points, which makes it possible to keeping in view stresses not only along the axis, but also in the plane of the cross-section of the bolt. Materials and methods: pre-tests and recommendations for full-scale experimental studies of a frame fragment based on the results of a numerical calculation of an equivalent model. Results: tensile testing of a bolted connection to determine the mechanical properties of bolts, taking into account the weakened section, recommendations for making changes to the full-size experimental model of the assembly, being mindful of the results of this study. Conclusions: substantiation of the methodology for conducting the experiment on the subject of the study.
Development of constructive solutions for interfaces of wooden beams and CLT
Authors: Dezhin Maxim , Ibragimov Aleksandr
Published: June 2024

Today, the issue of the development of joints of wooden elements, in particular the joints of CLT and wooden beams, is topical. The aim of the work is to develop a nodal connection of wooden beams and CLT, which has increased reliability and has no drawbacks compared to the existing options for such connections in the world. The article presents the main existing ways of connecting wooden beams and CLT, their features, advantages and disadvantages are considered. Based on the world experience in joining wooden beams and CLT, it can be concluded that in most cases, for such purposes, factory-made metal supports of open or closed beams of various designs and shapes are used. The main disadvantage of such methods of connecting the considered wooden elements is the impossibility of making the connection hidden. This leads to a complete lack of fire protection of the connecting elements. It also requires additional finishing measures for supporting structures for an aesthetic purpose, which in turn increases the cost of construction. As a result, a constructive solution for the joints of wooden beams and CLT was developed, which has increased reliability compared to the studied joints and is devoid of their shortcomings.
Digital robotic systems for non-destructive reinforced concrete structures testing
Authors: Telichenko Valeriy , Rimshin Vladimir , Ketsko Ekaterina
Published: June 2024

Monitoring the structures technical condition is the most important task aimed at increasing the reliability and safety of buildings and structures. The robotic digital systems use can significantly increase the visual survey efficiency and reduce the errors at the site. It is necessary to change the approach to non-destructive testing to prevent accidents associated with poor organization of non-destructive testing work. It requires receiving real non-destructive testing data and information about non-destructive testing in real time from «smart» device, verifying non-destructive testing data, combining heterogeneous data from various sources, being able to process all information in one place at one time. The authors discuss automated systems in the robots form for non-destructive quality control, analyze their operating capabilities, and identify each type of robot advantages and disadvantages in this article. The need to develop domestic solutions in the information technologies for non-destructive building structures testing, including made of reinforced concrete, was determined, based on the analytical work results. It has been proven that improving methods for diagnosing as well as the new tools creation and new information technologies use in them can significantly increase modern construction level and subsequent safe maintenance in Russia, and provide new opportunities for industry digitalization.
RETRACTED: Public investment disbursement in construction of transport infrastructure: Situation and solution
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyet Dung , Hoang Thi Hang Nga
Published: June 2024

This paper has been formally retracted from publication by the authors due to a conflict of interest that was discovered post-publication. The authors are responsible for this mistake and apologise for it.

Request approved by the proceedings Editors and the Publisher on August 6, 2024.
Universal model of building inspection in construction of technically complex and unique facilities
Authors: Yan Jingjing , Jin Shengfei
Published: June 2024

The article presents the outcomes of the research into improvements of building inspection in construction of technically complex and unique facilities. The authors have defined specific features of building inspection for technically complex and unique facilities and highlighted factors affecting the building inspection of such facilities. They have also ranked factors affecting the building inspection and their differentiation by criticality, further distribution by groups and substantiation of features causing such distribution. All of these issues have been addressed to ensure high quality of construction using construction materials provided in the construction project, complete the project within the cost estimate limits and within the initially defined timeliness. The research resulted in a mathematical model that help combining factors from various groups. An algorithm has been developed comprising guidelines to improve building inspections of technically complex facilities using the proposed model.
Raising financial resources for high-speed rail development in the form of public-private partnership and lessons for Vietnam
Authors: Dung Nguyen Thi Tuyet
Published: June 2024

High-speed rail (HSR) is considered as one of the breakthrough technologies in the field of passenger transport in the second half of the 20th century, however, the construction, maintenance and operation are very expensive, involving huge amounts of costs. In Vietnam, the Ministry of Transport has submitted to the Politburo to consider the investment policy of the North-South high-speed railway project with a total length of 1,508 km, with an estimated total investment of 58.71 billion [1]. This is the first project deployed in Vietnam, with the largest total investment in Vietnam's history, so it is necessary to carefully study in order to choose the method and source of investment capital, technical factors and suitable models with international development trends and conditions in Vietnam. The article studies the experience of mobilizing financial resources for the development of the HSR system in the form of a public-private partnership (PPP) in some typical countries in the world; based on the actual conditions of Vietnam to draw important lessons in choosing investment forms in line with development policies and actual resources, ensuring strategic and long-term vision.
Using immersive technologies for sensory perception of the architectural projects
Authors: Serova Elena , Shilova Liubov
Published: June 2024

How do we receive an information about the future building? Like all objects in the real world, we perceive architectural objects using the help of five senses. But how does architectural project, BIM-model or immersive technologies transmit information for sensory perception of the future building? This article contains a consistent study of the possibility of sensual perceiving architectural objects in the process of their design, as well as the influence of the development of information technology on the quality of sensory and sensual perception of the future object.
Behavioral patterns as prerequisites for ensuring financial security of households through insurance
Authors: Bubnov Vyacheslav , Stepanova Marina
Published: June 2024

Insurance payments are an external source of replenishment for lost income or compensation for unforeseen expenses mediated by the occurrence of random events. If their size corresponds to the material needs of private household members in leveling emerging budget deviations, we can talk about the full implementation of the financial security function – a new insurance function in the context of modern challenges and threats structure transformation. The novelty of this study is the translation of a new perspective for the modern role of insurance protection associated with the support of a private household budget process, the participation of insurers in ensuring the balance of household cash flows in situations of unfavorable deviations from their planned budget parameters. This study was aimed to identify the behavioral patterns of the population regarding the basic parameters of insurance protection that affect the budget of a private household and thus lay the foundations for ensuring its financial security. The results of the survey led to the conclusion that at present the potential possibilities of insurance protection are not being used to the extent that could contribute to ensuring the financial security of a private household.
What do we expect to learn from γ-beam experiments related to nuclear astrophysics at ELI-NP?
Authors: Balabanski Dimiter L.
Published: June 2024

This paper addresses some of the of open problems in photonuclear physics which await to be resolved using high-brilliance γ-ray beams, such as precise measurements of total or partial cross sections of photonuclear reactions related to astroparticle physics and nuclear astrophysics. The readiness for such measurements at ELI-NP, as well as the state-of-the-art instrumentation which is available are discussed. The possibility to utilize γ-beams with orbital angular momentum in photonuclear experiments is addressed, too.
Nuclear Astrophysics at Bose Institute
Authors: Gupta D.
Published: June 2024

In this review, I give a brief introduction to Bose Institute and describe the research work pursued in nuclear astrophysics. The experiments are carried out at ISOLDE, CERN while Monte Carlo simulations and data analysis are done at Bose Institute. The review ends with future plans and an outlook.
Tracing the origin of neutron-capture elements in the metalpoor star HE 1244-3036
Authors: Dutta Debasish , Goswami Aruna
Published: June 2024

We present results from a detailed abundance analysis of a star HE 1244-3036, based on a high resolution (R ∼ 50000) SUBARU/HDS spectrum. The wavelength coverage is from 3510 to 5310 Å. Our estimated metallicity [Fe/H] ∼ −2.5 and carbon abundance ([C/Fe] = 1.06) show that the object belongs to the group of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars. The location of the star in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram indicates that the evolutionary phase of the object is the first giant branch. The observed enhancement of the heavy elements is, therefore likely extrinsic in nature. In order to understand the origin of the enhanced abundances of the heavy elements, we have performed a detailed comparison of the observed abundances with theoretical s-process model predictions which shows that the observed abundances can be explained with mass transfer from a companion AGB star with metallicity, z = 0.00005, and mass M = 2M⊙.
Removing uncertainties from X-ray Busrt Models
Authors: Singh Nisha , Brune Carl , Voinov Alexander
Published: June 2024

Two of the astrophysically important reactions for X-ray burst models are 24Mg(α, γ)28Si and 59Cu(p, γ)60Zn. However, since these models are sensitive to nuclear reaction rates, it is important to constrain them to reduce possible model uncertainties. Constraining these reaction rates will help to improve the precision of model calculations and our understanding of the behavior of matter in astrophysical environments. We performed 27Al(d, n)28Si neutron evaporation spectrum measurements to constrain the nuclear level density of 28Si and benchmark this method against known levels from the level scheme. We also briefly discuss ongoing work to upgrade our lab with the charged-particle-neutron spectrometer which will enable the simultaneous measurements of neutrons and charged particles.
Do joint-preserving hip procedures compromise subsequent total hip arthroplasty? A meta-analysis of complications, functional outcome and survivorship
Authors: Goh En Lin , Boughton Oliver R. , Donnelly Thomas , Murphy Colin G. , Cashman James , Green Connor
Published: June 2024

Background: Joint-preserving hip operations can help relieve pain and delay the need for long-term joint arthroplasty. Previous research has not identified procedures that can compromise outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effect of joint-preserving hip operations on outcomes following subsequent THA. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched from the date of inception until February 2024. All studies comparing outcomes following THA in individuals with (PS) and without prior surgery (NPS) of the femur or pelvis were included. Data on operative time, blood loss, intra- and post-operative complications, functional outcomes, and implant survivorship were extracted. Results: 16 studies, comprising 2576 patients were included (PS = 939, NPS = 1637). The PS group was associated with significantly longer operative time [MD: 8.1, 95% CI: 4.6–11.6], significantly greater blood loss [MD: 167.8, 95% CI: 135.6–200.0], and a higher risk of intra-operative peri-prosthetic fracture [RR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2–3.0], specifically, with prior femoral osteotomy. There were no differences in terms of risks of dislocation [RR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0–3.2], implant loosening [RR: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.7–1.5], or revision surgery [RR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0–1.7] between the two groups. The PS group was associated with significantly poorer improvements in functional outcome [MD: −5.6, 95% CI: −7.6–(−3.5)], specifically, with prior acetabular osteotomy. Implant survivorship in the two groups was comparable after one year [HR: 1.9, 95% CI: 0.6–6.2] but significantly inferior in the PS group after five years [HR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.4–4.7], specifically, with prior femoral osteotomy. Conclusion: Joint-preserving hip operations are associated with greater intra-operative challenges and complications. In subsequent joint arthroplasty, prior acetabular procedures affect functional outcomes while prior femoral procedures influence implant survivorship. Hip pain due to the morphological sequelae of pediatric hip pathology can be debilitating at a young age. Surgical decision-making at that time needs to consider the survivorship of a THA implanted at that young age against the consequences of hip preservation surgery on further THA.
Point of care testing for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections: a review
Authors: Altsitzioglou Pavlos , Avgerinos Konstantinos , Karampikas Vasileios , Gavriil Panayiotis , Vlachos Apostolos , Soucacou Fotini , Zafiris Ioannis , Kontogeorgakos Vasileios , Papagelopoulos Panayiotis J. , Mavrogenis Andreas F.
Published: June 2024

Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a major complication following total joint arthroplasties (TJA), significantly affecting patient outcomes and healthcare costs. Despite advances in diagnostic techniques, challenges persist in accurately diagnosing PJI, underscoring the need for effective point-of-care testing (POCT).Methods: This review examines the current literature and latest developments in POCT for diagnosing PJI, focusing on biomarkers such as alpha-defensin, leukocyte esterase, calprotectin, and C-reactive protein (CRP). Criteria from various societies like the Musculoskeletal Infection Society, Infectious Diseases Society of America, and the International Consensus Meeting were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of these biomarkers in a point-of-care setting.Results: POCT provides rapid results essential for the timely management of PJI, with alpha-defensin and leukocyte esterase showing high specificity and sensitivity. Recent advancements have introduced novel biomarkers like calprotectin, which demonstrate high diagnostic accuracy. However, challenges such as the variability in test performance and the need for validation under different clinical scenarios remain.Discussion: While POCT for PJI shows promising results, their integration into clinical practice requires standardized protocols and further validation. The evolution of these diagnostic tools offers a potential shift toward more personalized and immediate care, potentially improving outcomes for patients undergoing TJA.
Unilateral Vision Loss after Posterior Fixation for Traumatic Atlantoaxial Dislocation: A Case Report with Literature Review
Authors: Singh Guramritpal , Maurya Ved Prakash , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Srivastava Arun Kumar , Behari Sanjay , Kumar Raj
Published: June 2024

Postoperative vision loss following spine surgery is a rare and devastating complication with variable incidence. Various risk factors have been identified in the literature. A 16-year-old male presented with neck pain, spastic quadriparesis, and tingling paraesthesia in the left upper limb for the past 3 years. Radiological workup was suggestive of atlantoaxial dislocation with occipitalization of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1). The patient was prone to a horseshoe headrest and underwent occipito-C2-C3 fixation by removing the posterior rim of foramen magnum. Postoperatively, the patient complained of loss of vision in the right eye. Ophthalmology evaluation revealed a loss of perception of light in the right eye due to central retinal artery occlusion. An injectable steroid was started, but there was no improvement in vision in the involved eye. Proper head positioning and avoidance of intraoperative hypotension are modifiable factors to avoid such devastating complications.
Occupational Stress, Strain, and Coping among Nursing Personnel: A Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kowshik Shamili , HN Dhanpal , Shil Rahul
Published: June 2024

Background Nurses are the backbone of the health care system and the largest health care force in the world. They work in multidisciplinary areas in hospitals, nursing homes, government and private sectors, and research and development, which makes them the most stressful personnel in clinical areas.

Objectives This paper aims to explore occupational stress, strain, and coping among nurses working in a hospital in Bengaluru.

Methodology A nonexperimental hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2, 2022, to December 2, 2022, using a purposive sampling technique. A total of 77 nurses from different areas participated in the study. Data were collected by the researcher himself through the revised version of the Occupational Stress Inventory scale. Descriptive statistics were used with the mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage. To check the association, chi-square analysis was used.

Results The research shows that the majority of the nurses had maladaptive stress in terms of role insufficiency, role ambiguity, role boundary, and physical environment (PE). It was observed that there was a high level of vocational strain (VS) and interpersonal strain with an average social support system (SS) among nurses. A significant association was found between gender and occupational role questionnaire (ORQ) factors like PE, designation of the nurse and ORQ in the area of responsibility, and PE of the working area. In the personal strain questionnaire factor, VS was significantly associated with gender. Furthermore, a significant association was also found between gender and personal resources questionnaire factors like self-care coping and SS coping skills.

Conclusion Our data suggested a moderate to high level of occupational stress with less SS among nurses. Consequently, it is imperative for health care organizations to acknowledge the existence of occupational stress and collaborate toward devising a resolution, enabling nurses to provide patients with optimal care.
Preferencias para el tratamiento del dedo en gatillo del adulto: Censo a los cirujanos de mano colombianos agremiados
Authors: Botero Bermúdez Mónica , García González Luis Alejandro , Aguilar Sierra Francisco Javier , Rodríguez Ricardo María Cristina
Published: June 2024

Introducción No existe una guía para el abordaje del dedo en gatillo. Este estudio caracteriza las perspectivas de los cirujanos de mano en Colombia frente al abordaje de esta enfermedad, pues se estima que sus preferencias constituyen actualmente un factor determinante en el manejo ofrecido.

Materiales y Métodos Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó el censo de cirujanos de mano agremiados durante el 2021 en Colombia. Se creó una encuesta junto a un grupo focal de cinco cirujanos la cual se distribuyó para su diligenciamiento en REDCap.

Resultados La tasa de respuesta fue de 81%. Múltiples factores clínicos son considerados para el diagnóstico. El manejo inicial predilecto es solamente una infiltración con corticoesteroides, excepto en pacientes diabéticos o con bloqueo del dedo, en quienes se prefiere operar, siendo la liberación abierta la técnica más popular. Se considera remisión de la enfermedad al cumplirse seis meses sin síntomas, siendo la satisfacción del paciente el desenlace más relevante.

Conclusión Las perspectivas de los cirujanos de mano divergen, así como los hallazgos en la literatura. Este estudio evidencia la necesidad de generar consensos frente al abordaje, teniendo en cuenta las características individuales relevantes de los pacientes y la experiencia de los cirujanos.
Delayed Rupture from a Pseudoaneurysm after Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Takase Yukinori , Tanaka Tatsuya , Goto Hirofumi , Momozaki Nobuaki , Honda Eiichiro , Abe Tatsuya , Matsuno Akira
Published: June 2024

Pseudoaneurysm following mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is a rare but possible complication associated with endovascular procedures. This report presents a case of delayed rupture of a pseudoaneurysm after MT with a stent retriever, which was confirmed by open surgery. During hospitalization, an 85-year-old woman had right hemiplegia and aphasia. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography revealed acute ischemic changes in the left middle cerebral artery because of M2 segment occlusion. MT was performed to address persistent M2 occlusion. Retrieving from distal vessels with the fully deployed Solitaire 4 × 20 mm stent retriever was considered dangerous, we resheathed the stent, but the microcatheter jumped distally. Angiography through microcatheter revealed contrast leakage into the subarachnoid space. The diagnosis was vessel perforation caused by the microcatheter. The lesion was treated with temporary balloon occlusion for 5 minutes using a balloon-guiding catheter, combined with the reversal of heparin anticoagulation by protamine, and a systolic blood pressure reduction to below 120 mm Hg. Anticoagulation was initiated after confirming that postprocedural subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) decreased 1 day after the procedure. Fourteen days after the procedure, computed tomography and angiography revealed a massive hematoma with a newly formed small pseudoaneurysm at the site of vessel rupture. Open surgery was performed to close the small artery rupture using a clip. Delayed rupture of the pseudoaneurysm occurred after MT using a stent retriever. If SAH is observed after MT, performing follow-up computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance angiography is recommended to consider pseudoaneurysm formation.
The second mover’s market research dilemma
Authors: Christen Markus , Soberman David A.
Published: June 2024

Several well-established research streams examine how incumbent firm behavior affects the entry decisions of later entrants, e.g., in terms of herding or differentiation. While it makes sense for a new entrant to take into account an incumbent’s behavior to inform its entry decisions, it would be risky to base such a decision solely on that information. In particular, the potential entrant may also want to conduct its own market research. Naturally, the market research should account for incumbent behavior. Yet, little is known about how a second mover decides where it should conduct market research. Is the information gained from observing the incumbent a substitute or a complement to market research? The information a second mover gathers through observation includes the incumbent’s choice of market. Even more important is the signal generated by an incumbent’s decision to exit or stay in a market. This decision signals to a second mover whether a market is viable, at least for one firm. A second mover that considers entry between an existing market (with an operating incumbent) and a new market (that has no incumbents) chooses between different types of uncertainty. Our paper addresses how this uncertainty affects the second mover’s market research decision. Should a second mover do market research in the competitor’s backyard or should it boldly go where no firm has gone before and research a new market? How is this decision affected by factors such as expected demand conditions and competition? Intuition suggests that information about a virgin market is always more valuable because the first mover already provides information about the existing market. Our research shows that this intuition is not always correct. It is correct when market research generates perfect information. However, market research is rarely perfect. When market research provides estimates subject to an error, a second mover may gain by conducting market research in a market with an existing competitor. Here, the complementarity of the competitor’s performance coupled with market research amplifies the value of the research.
Frenetic steering: Nonequilibrium-enabled navigation
Authors: Lefebvre Bram , Maes Christian
Published: June 2024

We explain the steering of slow degrees of freedom by coupling them to driven components for which the time-symmetric reactivities are manipulated. We present the strategy and main principle that make that sort of navigation feasible. For illustration, nonlinear limit cycles (as in the van der Pol oscillator) and strange attractors (as in the Lorenz dynamics) are seen to emerge when the driving in the nonequilibrium medium is kept fixed while the frenesy is tuned to produce the required forces. We imagine that such frenetic control is available in life as well, allowing selection of the appropriate biological functioning.
Spatially twisted liquid-crystal devices
Authors: Sit Alicia , Di Colandrea Francesco , D’Errico Alessio , Karimi Ebrahim
Published: June 2024

Nematic liquid-crystal devices are a powerful tool to structure light in different degrees of freedom, both in classical and in quantum regimes. Most of these devices exploit the possibility of introducing a position-dependent phase retardation either with a homogeneous alignment of the optic axis—e.g., liquid-crystal-based spatial light modulators—or, conversely, with a uniform but tunable retardation and patterned optic axis, e.g., q-plates. The pattern is the same in the latter case on the two alignment layers. Here, a more general case is considered, wherein the front and back alignment layers are patterned differently. This creates a non-symmetric device, which can exhibit different behaviors depending on the direction of beam propagation and effective phase retardation. In particular, we fabricate multi-q-plates by setting different topological charges on the two alignment layers. The devices have been characterized by spatially resolved Stokes polarimetry, with and without applied electric voltage, demonstrating new functionalities.
Interpersonal trust: Asymptotic analysis of a stochastic coordination game with multi-agent learning
Authors: Meylahn Benedikt V. , den Boer Arnoud V. , Mandjes Michel
Published: June 2024

We study the interpersonal trust of a population of agents, asking whether chance may decide if a population ends up with high trust or low trust. We model this by a discrete time, stochastic coordination game with pairwise interactions occurring at random in a finite population. Agents learn about the behavior of the population using a weighted average of what they have observed in past interactions. This learning rule, called an “exponential moving average,” has one parameter that determines the weight of the most recent observation and may, thus, be interpreted as the agent’s memory. We prove analytically that in the long run, the whole population always either trusts or doubts with the probability one. This remains true when the expectation of the dynamics would indicate otherwise. By simulation, we study the impact of the distribution of the payoff matrix and of the memory of the agents. We find that as the agent memory increases (i.e., the most recent observation weighs less), the actual dynamics increasingly resemble the expectation of the process. We conclude that it is possible that a population may converge upon high or low trust between its citizens simply by chance, though the game parameters (context of the society) may be quite telling.
High-performance quantum anomalous Hall effect in monolayer Ti2Sb2KRb and Ti2Bi2NaK
Authors: Wu Yanzhao , Deng Li , Tong Junwei , Yin Xiang , Zhang Zhijun , Tian Fubo , Zhang Xianmin
Published: June 2024

Quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulators are an ideal platform for developing topological electronic devices, but their low observation temperature limits the applications. In this study, based on first-principles calculations, monolayer Ti2Sb2KRb and Ti2Bi2NaK are demonstrated to be QAH insulators with topological gaps 43 and 57 meV, respectively. Their Chern numbers are calculated to be C=−2. The study of electronic structures indicates that the ferromagnetic topological property is induced by the energy band inversion of dxy and dx2−y2 orbitals for Ti atoms near the Dirac cone. Both monolayer Ti2Sb2KRb and Ti2Bi2NaK exhibit a perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and their Curie temperatures are estimated to be 480 and 478 K, respectively. The ferromagnetic coupling is induced by the small crystal-field splitting energy caused by Sb and Bi atom's large radius. Our study suggests that monolayer Ti2Sb2KRb and Ti2Bi2NaK are promising candidates for room temperature QAH insulators.
An effective T-cells separation method in an acoustofluidic platform using a concave–convex electrode design
Authors: Khorshidian Pouya , Targhi Mohammad Zabetian , Darbari Sara , Barahimi Behdad
Published: June 2024

This study addresses the growing interest in developing new acoustophoresis designs for efficient particle separation, introducing a novel concave–convex electrode design for lymphocyte separation. Initially, a numerical model for acoustophoresis was employed and validated against existing experimental results in the literature with a 4% variance, based on the finite element method. Furthermore, in order to ensure the accuracy of the performed simulations, a mesh independency approach was employed for the piezoelectric substrate, alongside an investigation into resonant frequencies across the computational domain. These analyses were conducted to ensure that the results approximate experimental findings more closely and identify the frequency at which the maximum surface displacement occurs, making the results empirically reliable. As a major innovation, a new concentric concave–convex electrode design was introduced, and then the separation distance of targeted particles, as the goal parameter, was studied relative to the geometrical design and acoustofluidic operation parameters of the microfluidic chip. Through numerical analysis, the flow rate ranging from 7 to 14 μl/min and the applied radio frequency signal amplitude ranging from 16 to 26 V were investigated simultaneously. Results demonstrated the microfluidic chip's capability to function effectively across the entire range of voltage and flow rates examined. At the chip's highest operational point, with a flow rate of 13 μl/min and an applied radio frequency signal amplitude of 24 V, particle separation distance reached up to 380 μm. Under similar flow rates, cell conditions, and microchannel length, the particle separation distance has been improved by about 26% as compared with the standard electrode pattern, revealing a significant enhancement in separation efficiency and output purity. Moreover, due to the predominantly radial propagation of the acoustic waves and the expanding acoustic aperture, the resultant standing wave pattern spans a greater length of the microchannel. Assuming a constant injection velocity, this consequently extends the effective exposure time of particles to the acoustic radiation force, allowing for an increase in Stokes drag force. Given that drag force increases with velocity, it enables the opportunity to introduce higher input flow rates and throughput.
Research on flow pattern identification model of oil–gas two-phase flow in scavenge pipe
Authors: Xie Jiawen , Zhu Pengfei , Liu Zhengang , Hu Jianping , Lyu Yaguo
Published: June 2024

To understand the variations in pressure drop and heat transfer characteristics within the scavenge pipe of aero-engines, studying and attempting to discriminate the flow patterns of two-phase flow inside the scavenge pipe is of great significance. To achieve this, this paper establishes a flow pattern identification model. High-speed photography was utilized to capture images of four distinct flow patterns inside the scavenge pipe under typical operating conditions. Through image preprocessing, feature extraction, and Relief-F feature selection, the primary texture and shape features are obtained as inputs for the identification model. Four machine learning methods, namely unsupervised learning K-means, supervised learning backpropagation neural network (BP), radial basis function neural network (RBF), and support vector machine (SVM), are selected for flow pattern identification. For the optimization of hyperparameters in supervised learning methods, this paper utilizes the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Consequently, PSO-BP, PSO-RBF, and PSO-SVM models are further established. After inputting the two types of features, texture and shape, into the mentioned models, a comparison of the classification accuracy and generalization ability of the four models is conducted. The results indicate that, for the flow pattern identification problem of oil–air two-phase flow inside the scavenge pipe studied in this paper, the most suitable identification model is the PSO-SVM model.
Experimental study on combustion flow field characteristics of swirl combustor
Authors: Li Wei , Shen Yaxin , Cheng Ronghui , Gao Yi , Liu Yunpeng , Yan Yingwen
Published: June 2024

The impact of the swirl number on the flow field of a single-stage swirl combustor is investigated using the particle image velocimetry technology. The variations in recirculation zone size, pulsating region, turbulent distribution, vorticity, and Reynolds stress within the combustor are summarized through quantitative analysis of the flow field. Experimental results indicate the following: (1) Under the same air mass flow rate, the length of the recirculation zone in the combustion state is shorter than that in the cold state. (2) The length of the recirculation zone and the axial vortex spacing display a decreasing trend as the swirl number increases, while the width of the recirculation zone demonstrates an increasing trend. (3) For the single-stage swirl combustor, the primary pulsating region is at the swirling jet area at the exit of the swirl. As the swirl number increases, the standard deviation of radial velocity fluctuations and turbulent kinetic energy also increase. (4) The strong shear region of the single-stage swirl combustor can be divided into inner and outer shear layers based on the vorticity distribution and the Q criterion. The vortices in the inner and outer shear layers exhibit opposite orientations according to the vorticity distribution. Overall, the research results can provide basic experimental data for numerical simulation of swirl combustion.
Chinese Academy of Science Journal Ranking System (2015–2023)
Authors: Li Cruz Y. , Wang Yunlong , Giacomin Alan Jeffrey
Published: June 2024

This work examines China's mainstream journal ranking system from the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), including its history, recent reforms, and current operation, with a particular focus on Physics of Fluids. Using official statistics, this paper analyzes the Physics of Fluids standings in the CAS system from 2015 to 2023. During these years, Physics of Fluids experienced a significant increase in both popularity and impact. Meanwhile, the CAS system underwent substantial reforms, including the newly proposed Advanced edition, which universally boosted fluids journal academic weights in China. Most notably, the brand-new Field Normalized Citation Success Index (期刊超越指数 or FNCSI) offered a new lens through which to assess academic journal impact. Statistics reveal that Physics of Fluids is in a promising position to become the fourth Tier 1 fluids journal to enter any of CAS's Major Categories (after the Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, Nuclear Fusion, and Plasma Sources Sciences and Technology) and the first-ever non-review-only Tier 1 fluids journal to enter the Engineering and Technology (工程技术 E&T) Major Category. Finally, this paper suggests several directions for Physics of Fluids to direct future endeavors as it enjoys heightening popularity in China.
Session 10. Oral Presentation for: A new perspective on regional structural architecture across the offshore Otway Basin
Authors: Nicholson Chris
Published: June 2024

Presented on Wednesday 22 May: Session 10 Geoscience Australia has undertaken a regional seismic mapping study of the offshore Otway Basin extending across the explored inner basin to the frontier deep-water region. Seismic interpretation covers over 18,000 line-km of new and reprocessed data acquired in the 2020 Otway Basin seismic program and over 40,000 line-km of legacy 2D seismic data. We present new basin-scale isochore maps that show the distribution of the Cretaceous depocentres. Maps for the Lower Cretaceous Crayfish and Eumeralla supersequences, together with those recently published for the Upper Cretaceous Shipwreck and Sherbrook supersequences, complete the set of isochore maps for the main tectonostratigraphic basin intervals. Mapping of basement-involved faults has revealed structural fabrics that have influenced depocentre development. The tectonostratigraphic development of depocentres and maps of deep crustal units delineate crustal thinning trends related to late Cretaceous extension phases. This work highlights the need to review and update structural elements. For example, the boundary between the Otway and Sorell basins is now geologically constrained. The refinements to the tectonostratigraphic evolution of the Otway Basin presented here have important implications for the distribution and potential maturity of petroleum systems, especially with regard to heat flow associated with crustal extension. To access the Oral Presentation click the link on the right. To read the full paper click here
Session 12. Oral Presentation for: Exploring innovation in operations – the Multi-user Remote Operations Centre (MROC) concept
Authors: Beales Jonathan
Published: June 2024

Presented on Wednesday 22 May: Session 12 For new energy products to compete with hydrocarbons, the cost to the consumer must be equivalent or lower. To achieve this, producers require operational excellence at lowest possible cost. Innovation and improvements in data processing through the deployment of ‘intelligent’ software is just one of many solutions that can deliver this. Petrofac is constantly developing and applying innovative approaches in the energy landscape, the concept of a Multi-user Remote Operations Centre (MROC) is an extension of this innovation stream. It has been envisioned to lower capital expenditure (CapEx) and operational expenditure (OpEx) for both new market entrants and facilities and to improve safety and reduce emissions. The MROC is a purpose-built operating centre cluster that co-locates facilities such as the central control room, emergency response (ER), and engineering support. It would be owned and financed by a third party, the service provider would lease control facilities to separate clients and provide support services as necessary. This would allow multiple operators to unlock the financial, operational, safety and environmental benefits of remote operation without incurring the significant CapEx outlay normally associated with it. The number of personnel travelling to and from remote facilities would reduce, in turn reducing exposure to safety risks and lowering Scope III emissions. The MROC concept is particularly suited to Australia due to our geography and number of remote assets but could be adapted for other locations. The co-location of operation support engineering, procurement and ER would lead to increased business efficiencies, which would be reflected in a lower production cost. To access the Oral Presentation click the link on the right. To read the full paper click here