bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blood flow of the achilles tendon during military training
Authors: Mahieu N , Van Tiggelen D , De Muynck M , Dumalin M , Witvrouw E
Published: March 2011

Background

The link between the hypervascularisation and the pain symptoms in a tendinopathy is still obscure. It can be hypothesised that it is important to take the stage of the tendinopathy into account.

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate the vascular response of the achilles tendon during a basic military training program of 6 weeks.

Design

A prospective study.

Setting

Officer cadets followed the same 6-week basic military training. This training mainly consists of running, roadwork, military tactical exercises, drills, shooting, marching with backpacks and some theoretical classes.

Patients

49 male military recruits (98 tendons) volunteered for this study. The mean age was 18.3 years. None of the persons had a history of achilles tendon problems.

Interventions

Before and during the military training program, clinical symptoms, structural tendon changes and hypervascularisation were weekly screened.

Main outcome measurements

The achilles tendons were screened by gray – scale ultrasonography and power Doppler US. Reactive tendinopathies were registered by means of a clinical examination, VAS – scores and VISA – A scores.

Results

13 of the 98 tendons developed a reactive tendinopathy. Three of these 13 symptomatic tendons showed intratendinous Doppler activity. In these tendons, pain was always present before the vascular response of the tendon. Both pain and hypervascularisation remained visible during till the end of the training program. In five asymptomatic tendons with no structural changes in the tendon, a vascular response was seen during one measurement.

Conclusion

To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study that looked at the development of hypervascularisation in a specified subpopulation, that is, reactive tendinopathy. The results of this study show that there is no link between the vascular response of the tendon and the pain sensation of the patient in this early stage of tendinopathy. Other pain mechanism should be investigated.
The effectiveness of a preconditioning program on the incidence of running-related injuries in female novice runners: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Zijlstra S , Buist I , Bredeweg S W
Published: March 2011

Background

The incidence of running-related injuries (RRI) in (female) novice runners is high. Preconditioning programs have shown to be effective on the incidence of sports and overuse injuries in different populations.

Objective

Is a preconditioning program effective for preventing RRIs in female novice runners?

Design

The prospective study is a large 2-arm randomised clinical trial. Participants were randomly assigned to a preconditioning group and a control group. Stratification for current sporting activities status, previous injury, and gender was applied.

Setting

Female novice runners preparing for a recreational 4-mile running event.

Participants

Healthy female novice runners (age 18–65), who had not sustained an injury of the lower extremity in the last 3 months and who had not been running on a regular basis in the previous 12 months. After randomisation 283 participants (mean age=36, mean body mass index=23) were allocated to the intervention group or the control group. Finally 113 participants in the intervention group and 126 in the control group were included for analyses.

Interventions

4-week preconditioning program, in which the biomechanical load was gradually increased on the lower extremity with functional activities like hopping in place and walking. The program was directly followed by a 9-week running program for both groups.

Main outcome measurements

The primary outcome measure was RRIs per 100 runners. An RRI was defined as any musculoskeletal complaint of the lower extremity or back causing a restriction of running for at least 1 week.

Results

15% (19 of 126) of the runners in the preconditioning group and 13% (15 of 113) of the control group sustained a RRI. This difference was not significant (÷2=0.16, df=1, p=0.69).

Conclusion

The preconditioning program did not have an effect on the incidence of RRIs in female novice runners.
Physical activity promotion and safety prevention: what is the relationship in different population groups?
Authors: Diener-Martin E , Bruegger O , Martin BW
Published: March 2011

Background

The bfu has the mandate to make sure that the aspects of injury prevention are taken into consideration in the process of promoting sports and physical activity for the sake of improving public health.

Objective

To determine to what extent the promotion of physical activity and sports can have a effect on the risk of incurring an injury at the population level.

Methods

Systematic review of pertinent literature and consultation proceedings involving national and international experts.

Results

There is evidence demonstrating that children who intensively engage in sports activities run a higher risk of incurring an injury, with some indication of a dose-effect relationship. Playing sports and doing strenuous physical activity are closely linked to a higher risk of incurring bone fractures as well as to a higher global injury risk. There is no correlation between non-sport related physical activity and global injury risk and that less intensive sports and physical activity can even help prevent accidents resulting in bone fractures.

An increased level of sport and physical activity may be associated with more cases of sport and activity related injuries when considering the general population. People who do not do sport or physical activity on a regular basis are more likely to incur more severe injuries when engaging in such activity. Higher levels of physical activity are not necessarily related to an increased all-cause injury rate.

There is a reduction in the risk of falls for those who do participate in physical activity programmes. Higher levels of physical activity can also be associated with a reduced risk of incurring osteoporotic fractures.

Conclusion

The bfu will participated in a study 2011 to determine for children and adults at working age which instructions and training programmes lead to a decrease in injury risk, in order to optimise sports and physical activity promotion programmes.
Higher risk of injury in overweight novice runners
Authors: Buist I , Bredeweg S W
Published: March 2011

Background

Increased physical activity is often recommended for weight maintenance and loss. Therefore many overweight persons want to take up running as a form of exercise. Although running has positive effects on health and fitness, the incidence of a running related injury (RRI) is high.

Objective

To examine the risk of sustaining a RRI in overweight novice runners.

Design

prospective cohort design.

Setting

Novice runners (N=848) preparing for a recreational 4-mile (6.7-km) running event.

Participants

Participants were recruited by local newspapers. 334 novice runners with a Body mass index (BMI) of 25 or more and 514 novice runners with a BMI less than 25 started with a beginners training program.

Assessment of risk factors

After completing a baseline questionnaire and orthopaedic examination all novice runners registered information on running characteristics and RRI using an Internet-based running log.

Main outcome measurement

The primary outcome measure was RRIs per 100 participants. An RRI was defined as any musculoskeletal complaint of the lower extremity or back causing a restriction of running for at least 1 week. Secondary outcome measure was exposure time during follow-up.

Results

25% (82 of 334) of the overweight novice runners sustained a RRI during follow-up compared to 15% (76 of 514) in the group of participants with BMI<25. The difference in proportion was significant (χ2=4.77, df=1, p=0.03). Furthermore, the mean exposure time in both groups was equal, that is, 346 versus 349 min in the overweight group.

Conclusion

Overweight novice runners that take up running are more prone to a RRI. Although the proportion of injured runners in the overweight group was significantly higher, the exposure time was equal in both groups.
Mountain bike terrain park injuries: an emerging cause of morbidity
Authors: Ruest N , Nguyen M , Embree T , Rowe B H , Hagel B E
Published: March 2011

Background

The popularity of mountain biking (MB) has led to the development of commercial MB parks. Little is known about the injury profile and risk factors in these areas.

Objective

To determine the injury profile and risk factors for severe injury among cyclists in MB parks.

Design

Prospective case-control study. Cases were hospitalised cyclists injured in MB parks. Controls were cyclists injured in MB parks seen and discharged from the emergency department (ED).

Setting

Four EDs in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Participants

Recreational cyclists injured in a MB park who presented to one of the study EDs from May 2008 to August 2010. 351 patients were interviewed.

Assessment of risk factors

Crash circumstances were captured through interviews and injury data through medical chart review.

Main outcome measurements

Severe injury as defined by hospitalisation; levels within factors were compared using OR and 95% CI.

Results

23 participants were hospitalised (cases).The most common body region injured was the head/neck/face among cases, and the upper extremities among controls. 21% of cases and 9% of controls were female. A greater proportion of cases than controls were older than 25 years (22% vs 15%, respectively). Full-face helmets were used less among cases than controls (21% vs 41%, respectively). Arm and elbow protection was used more among cases than controls (arm: 13% vs 2%; elbow: 22% vs 8%). On univariate analyses, we found an indication of increased odds of severe injury among females (OR=2.8; 95% CI 0.96 to 8.06). Riding a new bicycle (OR=2.74; 95% CI 1.16 to 6.45) and cycling on grass compared with dirt (OR=7.06; 95% CI 1.21 to 41.33) increased the odds of severe injury.

Conclusion

Preliminary analysis suggests surface and experience-related characteristics may increase the risk of severe injury. Case-control differences were noted in protective equipment use.
Patterns of injuries during the great lakes open athletics championships held in kenya
Authors: Bukhala P , Kilika T
Published: March 2011

Background

Injuries are common in sports, especially dynamic ones such as athletics. An accurate documentation of such injuries provides useful information for future planning, prevention, treatment and management. Literature seems nonexistent on the incidence of such sport injuries in Africa.

Objective

This study investigated the injuries sustained during the first organised Great Lakes Paralympics Open Athletics Championships that brought together nine countries Nairobi –Kenya from the 21st–26th August 2010.

Design

The data was collected from records of the medical team and analyzed descriptively and reported using percentages, bar graphs and tables.

Participants

A total of 120 athletes participated in the championships and were from nine countries namely, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi, Angola, Ethiopia, and Egypt. 73 cases were reported and treated for one injury or the other.

Results

The most common treatment was on soft tissue injuries 46 (63%), varying pain conditions (19%) and stomach upsets 12 (16%). The causes of these injuries included the type of shoes; type of wheelchair used and length of time spend on the warm up track. Most of the injuries resulted from overuse (40%) and improper training modalities.

Conclusion

It was concluded that proper sports training and management of athletes was essential for an injury free competition. Training of volunteer coaches and medical personnel would be helpful for all teams.
Forefoot alignment prediction in athletes' knee valgus during landing
Authors: Mendonça L D , Bittencourt N F N , Diniz L , Gonçalves G G P , Ocarino J M , Silva A A , Fonseca S T
Published: March 2011

Background

Knee valgus during landing has been identified as a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury. Component motions of knee malalignment are femoral internal rotation and adduction, tibial abduction and ankle eversion. This excessive eversion is frequently attributed to the presence of forefoot varus alignment. Therefore, the proximal and distal segments of the kinetic chain must be assessment to better understanding of high frontal plane knee angle – FPKA (2D valgus analysis).

Objective

access the potential predictors of FPKA and the interplay between them, through a non-linear statistical model (Classification and Regression Tree-CART).

Design

observational cross-sectional.

Setting

all testing took place at Minas Tênis Club and at Sports Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation Laboratory – LAPREV in youth and elite sports.

Participants

72 volleyball and basketball athletes (22 female and 50 male) were assessed during national championship preseason. All participants were healthy, with no current complaints of lower limb injury or pain and no history of previous lower extremity surgery. The average+SD age, height and mass of the athletes was 16.7+4.6 years, 179.7+14.7 cm, 68.6+16 Kg.

Assessment of risk factors

the independent variables were shank-forefoot alignment (SFA), hip abductor torque, hip passive internal rotation and gender.

Main outcome measurements

frontal plane knee angle during landing from countermovement jump.

Results

the SFA was the main predictor of High-FPKA. 75% of the athletes with SFA <10.9° and abductor torque <109 Nm/kg and 83% of the athletes with SFA >17° and hip passive IR ROM >47° presented High-FPKA.

Conclusion

the SFA and interaction between it with reduced abductor torque and great hip passive IR ROM were predictors of knee malalignment in frontal plane. Thus, measuring foot alignment must be simultaneous with hip joint dysfunctions and should be part of athletes' preseason assessment.
A taxonomy of multinational ethical and methodological standards for clinical trials of therapeutic interventions
Authors: Ashton Carol M , Wray Nelda P , Jarman Anna F , Kolman Jacob M , Wenner Danielle M , Brody Baruch A
Published: March 2011

Background

If trials of therapeutic interventions are to serve society's interests, they must be of high methodological quality and must satisfy moral commitments to human subjects. The authors set out to develop a clinical-trials compendium in which standards for the ethical treatment of human subjects are integrated with standards for research methods.

Methods

The authors rank-ordered the world's nations and chose the 31 with >700 active trials as of 24 July 2008. Governmental and other authoritative entities of the 31 countries were searched, and 1004 English-language documents containing ethical and/or methodological standards for clinical trials were identified. The authors extracted standards from 144 of those: 50 designated as ‘core’, 39 addressing trials of invasive procedures and a 5% sample (N=55) of the remainder. As the integrating framework for the standards we developed a coherent taxonomy encompassing all elements of a trial's stages.

Findings

Review of the 144 documents yielded nearly 15 000 discrete standards. After duplicates were removed, 5903 substantive standards remained, distributed in the taxonomy as follows: initiation, 1401 standards, 8 divisions; design, 1869 standards, 16 divisions; conduct, 1473 standards, 8 divisions; analysing and reporting results, 997 standards, four divisions; and post-trial standards, 168 standards, 5 divisions.

Conclusions

The overwhelming number of source documents and standards uncovered in this study was not anticipated beforehand and confirms the extraordinary complexity of the clinical trials enterprise. This taxonomy of multinational ethical and methodological standards may help trialists and overseers improve the quality of clinical trials, particularly given the globalisation of clinical research.
Normative consent and organ donation: a vindication
Authors: Saunders Ben
Published: March 2011

In an earlier article, I argued that David Estlund's notion of ‘normative consent’ could provide justification for an opt-out system of organ donation that does not involve presumptions about the deceased donor's consent. Where it would be wrong of someone to refuse their consent, then the fact that they have not actually given it is irrelevant, though an explicit denial of consent (as in opting out) may still be binding. My argument has recently been criticised by Pottset al, who argue that such a policy would involve taking organs from people whose organs should not be taken and would be a recipe for totalitarianism. The present response seeks to rebut both the ethical and political objections. I argue that people can indeed be under a moral obligation to donate their organs, even if they are not technically dead at the time and their donation does not save anyone else's life. Moreover, I argue that an opt-out system—unlike mandatory donation—is not totalitarian because it preserves the right of individuals to act morally wrongly, by opting out when they have no good moral reason to do so. The policy I propose is neither immoral nor totalitarian.
MPI ON MILLIONS OF CORES
Authors: BALAJI PAVAN , BUNTINAS DARIUS , GOODELL DAVID , GROPP WILLIAM , HOEFLER TORSTEN , KUMAR SAMEER , LUSK EWING , THAKUR RAJEEV , TRÄFF JESPER LARSSON
Published: March 2011

Petascale parallel computers with more than a million processing cores are expected to be available in a couple of years. Although MPI is the dominant programming interface today for large-scale systems that at the highest end already have close to 300,000 processors, a challenging question to both researchers and users is whether MPI will scale to processor and core counts in the millions. In this paper, we examine the issue of scalability of MPI to very large systems. We first examine the MPI specification itself and discuss areas with scalability concerns and how they can be overcome. We then investigate issues that an MPI implementation must address in order to be scalable. To illustrate the issues, we ran a number of simple experiments to measure MPI memory consumption at scale up to 131,072 processes, or 80%, of the IBM Blue Gene/P system at Argonne National Laboratory. Based on the results, we identified nonscalable aspects of the MPI implementation and found ways to tune it to reduce its memory footprint. We also briefly discuss issues in application scalability to large process counts and features of MPI that enable the use of other techniques to alleviate scalability limitations in applications.
HIGH LATENCY AND CONTENTION ON SHARED L2-CACHE FOR MANY-CORE ARCHITECTURES
Authors: ALVES MARCO A. Z. , FREITAS HENRIQUE C. , NAVAUX PHILIPPE O. A.
Published: March 2011

Several studies point out the benefits of a shared L2 cache, but some other properties of shared caches must be considered to lead to a thorough understanding of all chip multiprocessor (CMP) bottlenecks. Our paper evaluates and explains shared cache bottlenecks, which are very important considering the rise of many-core processors. The results of our simulations with 32 cores show low performance when L2 cache memory is shared between 2 or 4 cores. In these two cases, the increase of L2 cache latency and contention are the main causes responsible for the increase of execution time.
RELATIVISTIC STRANGE STARS WITH ANISOTROPY
Authors: PAUL B. C. , CHATTOPADHYAY P. K. , KARMAKAR S. , TIKEKAR R.
Published: March 2011

We study a compact star comprising strange matter content in the presence of pressure anisotropy. Considering strange matter with equation of state p = (ρ-4B)/3, where B is Bag parameter, we analyze the effect of pressure anisotropy on the Bag parameter for a compact star described by Vaidya–Tikekar metric. The values of B inside and on surface of the star are determined for different anisotropy parameter α. It is found that in the vicinity of the center of a compact star, B parameter is almost constant. However, away from the center B varies with the radial distance and finally at the surface B attains a value independent of the anisotropy. It is also noted that for some values of α, B remains constant throughout the star. Given α and spheriodicity a, B is found to be decreasing with the increase in compactness factor. The models admitting B increasing with α for a given spheriodicity parameter (a) and compactness are also found.
PERTURBED INVARIANT UNDER A CYCLIC PERMUTATION WITH TRACE OF NEUTRINO MASS MATRIX REMAIN CONSTANT
Authors: DAMANIK ASAN
Published: March 2011

We construct a neutrino mass matrix Mν via a seesaw mechanism with perturbed invariant under a cyclic permutation by introducing a parameter δ into the diagonal elements of Mν with the assumption that trace of the perturbed Mν is equal to trace of the unperturbed Mν. We found that the perturbed neutrino mass matrices Mν can predict the mass-squared difference [Formula: see text] with the possible hierarchy of neutrino mass is normal or inverted hierarchy. By using the advantages of the mass-squared differences and mixing parameters data from neutrino oscillation experiments, we then have neutrino masses in inverted hierarchy with masses: |m1| = 0.101023 eV , |m2| = 0.101428 eV and |m3| = 0.084413 eV .
NOTE ON THE DYNAMICS OF A PSEUDO-CLASSICAL SPINNING PARTICLE
Authors: CIOROIANU EUGEN-MIHAITA
Published: March 2011

The dynamics of a (charged) pseudo-classical spinning particle, that evolves on a curved space, are addressed. Besides the Dirac approach, we give a consistent Hamiltonian analysis of the spinning particle without using the Dirac bracket. The link between our treatment and Dirac formalism is evidenced.
EXPERIMENTAL TESTS ON THE LIFETIME ASYMMETRY
Authors: SHI ZHI-QIANG , NI GUANG-JIONG
Published: March 2011

The experimental test problem of the left–right polarization-dependent lifetime asymmetry is discussed. It shows that the existing experiments cannot demonstrate the lifetime asymmetry to be right or wrong after analyzing the measurements on the neutron, the muon and the tau lifetime, as well as the g-2 experiment. However, it is pointed out emphatically that the SLD and the E158 experiments, the measurements of the left–right integrated cross section asymmetry in Z boson production by e+e- collisions and by electron–electron Møller scattering, can indirectly demonstrate the lifetime asymmetry. In order to directly demonstrate the lifetime asymmetry, we propose some possible experiments on the decays of polarized muons. The precise measurement of the lifetime asymmetry could have important significance for building a muon collider, also in cosmology and astrophysics. It would provide a sensitive test of the standard model in particle physics and allow for exploration of the possible V+A interactions.
ON ATTRACTOR FLOW AND SMALL BLACK HOLES
Authors: SIWACH SANJAY , TIWARI BHUPENDRA NATH
Published: March 2011

We study the attractor flow and near horizon geometry of two-charge small black holes in heterotic string theory. The Hessian of Sen's entropy function with respect to the moduli fields has standard attractor properties and shows the interesting factorization at the attractor fixed points. We notice that the stability conditions are preserved under arbitrary α′-corrections to the black hole solutions.
DYNAMICAL SIMULATION OF FISSION FRAGMENTS AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY IN HEAVY-ION FUSION–FISSION REACTIONS
Authors: PAHLAVANI M. R. , NADERI D. , MIRFATHI S. M.
Published: March 2011

Monte Carlo simulation based on the three-dimensional Langevin equations and one-body dissipation mechanism has been applied to highly excited compound nucleus to investigate the kinetic energy distribution of fission fragments. The effect of center to center distance between nascent fragments and other dynamical parameters (elongation, neck thickness and mass asymmetry) on average kinetic energy of fragments also studied. Finally, obtained results using this approach are compared with earlier theoretical and experimental data for a few typical systems.
SELF-GRAVITATIONAL CORRECTIONS TO THE CARDY–VERLINDE FORMULA OF CHARGED BTZ BLACK HOLE
Authors: DARABI FARHAD , JAMIL MUBASHER , SETARE MOHAMMAD REZA
Published: March 2011

The entropy of the charged BTZ black hole horizon is described by the Cardy–Verlinde formula. We then compute the self-gravitational corrections to the Cardy–Verlinde formula of the charged BTZ black hole in the context of Keski-Vakkuri, Kraus and Wilczek (KKW) analysis. The self-gravitational corrections to the entropy as given by the Cardy–Verlinde formula are found to be positive. This result provides evidence in support of the claim that the holographic bound is not universal in the framework of two-dimensional gravity models.
DISCRIMINATION OF SUSY BREAKING MODELS USING SINGLE-PHOTON PROCESSES AT FUTURE e+e-LINEAR COLLIDERS
Authors: TRAN HIEU MINH , KON TADASHI , KURIHARA YOSHIMASA
Published: March 2011

We examine the single-photon processes in the framework of supersymmetric models at future e+e-linear colliders. According to the recent experimental achievement, the optimistic polarization degrees for both electron and positron beams are taken into account to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio revealing the observable difference between supersymmetry breaking models. The minimal supergravity model and the minimal SU(5) grand unified model in gaugino mediation have been examined as examples. We see that after several years of accumulating data, the difference of the number of single-photon events between the two models received from the collider would be in excess of three times the statistical error, providing us the possibility to probe which model would be realized in nature. The result is well suitable for the future running of the International Linear Collider.
SOFT RIDGE IN PROTON–PROTON COLLISIONS
Authors: AZARKIN M. YU. , DREMIN I. M. , LEONIDOV A. V.
Published: March 2011

It is shown that the soft mechanism of multiparticle production by Lund hadronic strings formed by colliding constituent degrees of freedom generates a shape of angular correlations similar to the ridge structure observed in the pp collisions at 7 TeV at the LHC.
MASSES OF $s\bar{s}$ STATES AND NONET MIXING ANGLES
Authors: WEI KE-WEI , DONG XIN-PING , LÜ GANG
Published: March 2011

We first calculate the masses of the pure [Formula: see text] states for the pseudoscalar, vector, axial-vector, and tensor meson nonets in Regge phenomenology. Then based on the framework of meson–meson mixing and with the aid of the extracted masses of these pure [Formula: see text] states, we calculate the mixing angles for the pseudoscalar, vector, axial-vector, and tensor meson nonets. The results are in reasonable agreement with those obtained in many other approaches.
STRONG COUPLING LIMITS AND QUANTUM ISOMORPHISMS OF THE GAUGED THIRRING MODEL
Authors: BUFALO R. , CASANA R. , PIMENTEL B. M.
Published: March 2011

We have studied the quantum equivalence in the respective strong coupling limits of the bidimensional gauged Thirring model with both Schwinger and Thirring models. It is achieved following a nonperturbative quantization of the gauged Thirring model into the path-integral approach. First, we have established the constraint structure via the Dirac's formalism for constrained systems and defined the correct vacuum–vacuum transition amplitude by using the Faddeev–Senjanovic method. Next, we have computed exactly the relevant Green's functions and shown the Ward–Takahashi identities. Afterwards, we have established the quantum isomorphisms between gauged Thirring model and both Schwinger and Thirring models by analyzing the respective Green's functions in the strong coupling limits, respectively. A special attention is necessary to establish the quantum isomorphism between the gauged Thirring model and the Thirring model.
ON THE SYMMETRY OF THE VACUUM IN THEORIES WITH "SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY BREAKING"
Authors: PEREZ ALEJANDRO , SUDARSKY DANIEL
Published: March 2011

We review the usual account of the phenomena of spontaneous symmetry breaking, pointing out the common misunderstandings surrounding the issue, in particular within the context of quantum field theory. In fact, the common explanations one finds in this context, indicate that under certain conditions corresponding to the situation called spontaneous symmetry breaking, the vacuum of the theory does not share the symmetries of the Lagrangian. We explain in detail why this statement is incorrect in general, and in what limited set of circumstances such a situation could arise. We concentrate on the case of global symmetries, for which we found no satisfactory exposition in the existing literature, and briefly comment on the case of gauge symmetries where, although insufficiently publicized, accurate and complete descriptions exist. We briefly discuss the implications for the phenomenological manifestations usually attributed to the phenomena of spontaneous symmetry breaking, analyzing which might be affected by our analysis and which are not. In particular we describe the mass generation mechanism in a fully symmetric scheme (i.e. with a totally symmetric vacuum), and briefly discuss the implications of this analysis to the problem of formation of topological defects in the early universe.
DOMAIN WALLS IN AdS-EINSTEIN-SCALAR GRAVITY
Authors: YUN SANGHEON
Published: March 2011

In this paper, we show that the supergravity theory which is dual to ABJM field theory can be consistently reduced to scalar-coupled AdS-Einstein gravity and then consider the reflection symmetric domain wall and its small fluctuation. It is also shown that this domain wall solution is none other than dimensional reduction of M2-brane configuration.
THE SINGLE NEUTRAL TOP-HIGGS PRODUCTION AT ILC IN THE TC2 MODEL
Authors: LIU YAO-BEI , YE HUI , CAO YONG-HUA
Published: March 2011

In the framework of the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) model, we study the neutral top-Higgs [Formula: see text] production processes [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The results show that the production rates can reach the level of a few fb with reasonable parameter values. With the clean background of the flavor-changing [Formula: see text] channel, the top-Higgs events can possibly be detected at the International Linear Collider (ILC) experiments. Therefore, such neutral top-Higgs production processes offer a useful way to probe for neutral top-Higgs and test the TC2 model directly.
ENTROPIC FORCE AND ITS FLUCTUATION IN EUCLIDEAN QUANTUM GRAVITY
Authors: ZHAO YUE
Published: March 2011

In this paper, we study the idea about gravity as entropic force proposed by Verlinde. By interpreting Euclidean gravity in the language of thermodynamic quantities on holographic screen, we find the gravitational force can be calculated from the change of entropy on the screen. We show that normal gravity calculation can be reinterpreted in the language of thermodynamic variables. We also study the fluctuation of the force and find the fluctuation acting on the point-like particle can never be larger than the expectation value of the force. For a black hole in AdS space, by gauge/gravity duality, the fluctuation may be interpreted as arising from thermal fluctuation in the boundary description. And for a black hole in flat space, the ratio between fluctuation and force goes to a constant [Formula: see text] at infinity.
RτAND HIGGS DECAY WIDTH IN CORGI APPROACH, BASED ON THE LEADING-b APPROXIMATION
Authors: MIRJALILI ABOLFAZL , AKRAMI MOGHESTAN MORTEZA
Published: March 2011

We consider Adler D-function for the vector and scalar correlators with recent QCD analysis at N4LO approximation. The portion of perturbative coefficients of these observable containing the leading power of b, the first beta-function coefficient, is resummed to all-orders. The factorial behavior of coefficients allows us to use the Borel transformation to reveal the existent singularities as renormalons. CORGI approach is employed to avoid the renormalization dependence of the observable. In addition to the CORGI approach, the calculations of the standard perturbative QCD approach which uses the [Formula: see text] scheme with a physical choice of renormalization scale, are also presented. A comparison between the results of the standard and CORGI approaches for Rτand Higgs decay width is done. The comparison anticipates a better result for the CORGI approach. As an adjunct to these studies, the difference between the all order and fixed order result at N4LO approximation is used to estimate the uncertainty in [Formula: see text] extracted from Rτmeasurements. We find at N4LO approximation a smaller uncertainty with respect to the previous result which has been done at N4LO approximation.
PAIR PRODUCTION OF CHARGED TOP-PIONS ASSOCIATED WITH Z GAUGE BOSON IN THE TOPCOLOR-ASSISTED TECHNICOLOR MODEL AT THE ILC
Authors: HAN JINZHONG , LI BINGZHONG , WANG XUELEI
Published: March 2011

The top-pions [Formula: see text] are the three additional typical particles predicted by the topcolor-assisted technicolor (TC2) model and the observation of these particles can be regarded as the direct evidence of the TC2 model. In this paper, we investigate the production of a pair of charged top-pions associated with Z gauge boson at the International Linear Collider (ILC), i.e. [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We calculate the production rate of the process [Formula: see text] and present the distributions of the transverse momenta of Z gauge boson and charged top-pion [Formula: see text]. We find that the cross-section of the process [Formula: see text] can reach 1 fb with reasonable parameter space of the TC2 model. Considering the main decay mode of charged top-pion, we find that such a production may provide copious events. While the cross-section of the process [Formula: see text] is below 1 fb, hence the process [Formula: see text] will play an important role in the test of the TC2 model at the ILC when compared with the process [Formula: see text].
QUASILOCAL NONEQUILIBRIUM DYNAMICS OF ϕ-SPINNING BLACK RINGS
Authors: LIU ZHENXING , CHEN ZEQIAN
Published: March 2011

In this work, we study the nonequilibrium dynamics of ϕ-spinning black rings within the quasilocal formalism. We adopt the counterterm method and compute the renormalized boundary stress–energy tensor. By considering the conservation of this tensor, the condition for removing the conical singularity at spatial infinity is derived. It is subsequently shown that a ϕ-spinning black ring cannot be kept in a state of equilibrium, which is consistent with the physical interpretation that the angular momentum is on the plane orthogonal to the ring and there is no force to balance the tension and gravitational self-attraction. The results of these computations lay a foundation for studying the thermodynamics of ϕ-spinning rings in detail. Finally, we charge up the rings in Einstein–Maxwell-dilaton system and suggest feasible ways to make them balanced.
TEMPERATURE AND SPECTRAL CHANGES IN THE REFRACTIVE INDICES OF LiKSO4 CRYSTALS UNDER UNIAXIAL PRESSURES
Authors: STADNYK V. I. , ROMANYUK M. O. , KUSHNIR O. S. , BREZVIN R. S. , FRANIV A. V. , GABA V. M.
Published: March 2011

We have studied spectral and temperature variations of the principal refractive indices of lithium potassium sulfate crystals, LiKSO 4, subjected to uniaxial mechanical pressures. Notable baric increases in the refractive indices are found, which have been interpreted using classical single-oscillator dispersion Sellmeier equation and Lorentz–Lorenz formula. Significant pressure-induced shifts of low-temperature phase transitions in LiKSO 4 are revealed and qualitatively explained in terms of modifications of crystalline structure imposed by the pressures. It is established that high enough pressures applied along the crystallographic axis c can generate a "triple point" on the phase diagram "temperature-uniaxial pressure". It is inferred that the temperature behavior of the refractive indices below the room temperature cannot be interpreted as a pure result of spontaneous strains and should possibly involve some other mechanisms, e.g., a hypothesis of incommensurately modulated phase existing about below 255 K.
A NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE JAMMING TRANSITION IN TRAFFIC FLOW ON DILUTED PLANAR NETWORKS
Authors: ACHLER GABRIELE , BARRA ADRIANO
Published: March 2011

In order to develop a toy model for car's traffic in cities, in this paper we analyze, by means of numerical simulations, the transition among fluid regimes and a congested jammed phase of the flow of kinetically constrained hard spheres in planar random networks similar to urban roads.

In order to explore as timescales as possible, at a microscopic level we implement an event driven dynamics as the infinite time limit of a class of already existing model (Follow the Leader) on an Erdos–Renyi two-dimensional graph, the crossroads being accounted by standard Kirchoff density conservations. We define a dynamical order parameter as the ratio among the moving spheres versus the total number and by varying two control parameters (density of the spheres and coordination number of the network) we study the phase transition.

At a mesoscopic level it respects an, again suitable, adapted version of the Lighthill–Whitham model, which belongs to the fluid-dynamical approach to the problem.

At a macroscopic level, the model seems to display a continuous transition from a fluid phase to a jammed phase when varying the density of the spheres (the amount of cars in a city-like scenario) and a discontinuous jump when varying the connectivity of the underlying network.
SIZE-DEPENDENT MAGNETIZATION FLUCTUATIONS IN NiO NANOPARTICLES
Authors: MISHRA SUNIL K. , SUBRAHMANYAM V.
Published: March 2011

The finite size and surface roughness effects on the magnetization of NiO nanoparticles is investigated. A large magnetic moment arises for an antiferromagnetic nanoparticle due to these effects. The magnetic moment without the surface roughness has a nonmonotonic and oscillatory dependence on R, the size of the particles, with the amplitude of the fluctuations varying linearly with R. The geometry of the particle also matters a lot in the calculation of the net magnetic moment. An oblate spheroid shape particle shows an increase in net magnetic moment by increasing oblateness of the particle. However, the magnetic moment values thus calculated are very small compared to the experimental values for various sizes, indicating that the bulk antiferromagnetic structure may not hold near the surface. We incorporate the surface roughness in two different ways; an ordered surface with surface spins inside a surface roughness shell aligned due to an internal field, and a disordered surface with randomly oriented spins inside surface roughness shell. Taking a variational approach we find that the core interaction strength is modified for nontrivial values of Δ which is a signature of multi-sublattice ordering for nanoparticles. The surface roughness scale Δ is also showing size-dependent fluctuations, with an envelope decay Δ~R-1/5. The net magnetic moment values calculated using spheroidal shape and ordered surface are close to the experimental values for different sizes.
CONTENT-BASED BIOMETRIC IMAGE HIDING APPROACH
Authors: QI MIAO , KONG JUN , LU YINGHUA , DU NING , MA ZHIQIANG
Published: March 2011

Recently, the use of information hiding techniques to protect biometric data has been an active topic. This paper proposes a novel image hiding approach based on correlation analysis to protect network-based transmitted biometric image for identification. Firstly, the correlation between the biometric image and the cover image is analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) and genetic algorithm (GA). The purpose of correlation analysis is to enable the cover image to represent the secret image in content as much as possible, not just as a carrier of hidden information. Then, the unrepresented part of the biometric image, as the secret image, is encrypted and hidden into the middle-significant-bit plane (MSB) of the cover image redundantly. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed hiding approach not only gains good imperceptibility, but also resists some common attacks validated by the biometric identification accuracy.
REGION COVARIANCE MATRICES AS FEATURE DESCRIPTORS FOR PALMPRINT RECOGNITION USING GABOR FEATURES
Authors: MU MEIRU , RUAN QIUQI
Published: March 2011

Region covariance matrices (RCMs) as feature descriptors have been developed due to the advantages of low dimensionality, being scale and illumination independent. How to define a feature mapping vector for the RCMs construction of strong discriminating ability is still an open issue. In this paper, there is a focus on finding a more efficient feature mapping vector for RCMs as palmprint descriptors based on Gabor magnitude and phase (GMP) information. Specially, Gabor magnitude (GM) features of each palmprint image approximate a lognormal distribution. For palmprint recognition, the logarithmic transformation of GM proves to be important for the discriminating ability of corresponding RCMs. All experiments are performed on the public Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) Palmprint Database of 7752 images. The results demonstrate the efficiency of our proposed method, and also show that adding pixel locations and intensity component to the feature mapping vector has a negative effect on palmprint recognition performance for our proposed Log_GMP based RCM method.
AN EFFICIENT 3D MODEL RETRIEVAL BASED ON PRINCIPAL AXES ANALYSIS AND FEATURE INTEGRATION
Authors: LIN SHENG-FUU , WU CHIN-CHIA , HSU CHI-YAO , HSU DOU-CHIH
Published: March 2011

Three-dimensional (3D) model retrieval has gathered great importance in recent years, since the number of available 3D models on the Internet has drastically increased. Many content-based 3D model retrieval approaches have been proposed. Among these methods, visual similarity-based methods have shown higher retrieval accuracy. However, because these methods capture enormous shape features from different viewpoints or locations, a large amount of calculation and comparison is necessary. Furthermore, there is a trade-off between retrieval accuracy and speed. In this paper, a 3D model retrieval method constituting Continuous Principal Component Analysis (CPCA), Fourier descriptors, and Zernike moments is proposed. CPCA is applied to extract significant shape features based on projecting the model along the principal axes. Then, Fourier descriptors and Zernike moments are used to provide shape descriptors with rotation invariants. In addition, a feature integration process combines them. A strategy of similarity measure is proposed to solve the axes switching problem. To conclude, the experimental results show that the approach outperforms SECTORS2 and D2,18 and has slightly better retrieval results than Light Field Descriptor (LFD)6 and spin-image signatures.3 Moreover, the approach is more efficient and the storage size is much less.
A STABLE DIRECT SOLUTION OF PERSPECTIVE-THREE-POINT PROBLEM
Authors: LI SHIQI , XU CHI
Published: March 2011

The perspective-three-point problem (P3P) is a classical problem in computer vision. The existing direct solutions of P3P have at least three limitations: (1) the numerical instability when using different vertex permutations, (2) the degeneration in the geometric singularity case, and (3) the dependence on particular equation solvers.

A new direct solution of P3P is presented to deal with these limitations. The main idea is to reduce the number of unknown parameters by using a geometric constraint we called "perspective similar triangle" (PST). The PST method achieves high stability in the permutation problem and in the presence of image noise, and does not rely on particular equation solvers. Furthermore, reliable results can be retrieved even in "danger cylinder", a typical kind of geometric singularity of P3P, where all existing direct solutions degenerate significantly.
CONTENT-BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SYMBOLS BY INTERACTION OF VISUAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors: KWAN PAUL W. , KAMEYAMA KEISUKE , GAO JUNBIN , TORAICHI KAZUO
Published: March 2011

Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) has been an active area of research for retrieving similar images from large repositories, without the prerequisite of manual labeling. Most current CBIR algorithms can faithfully return a list of images that matches the visual perspective of their inventors, who might decide to use a certain combination of image features like edges, colors and textures of regions as well as their spatial distribution during processing. In practice, however, the retrieved images rarely correspond exactly to the results expected by the users, a problem that has come to be known as the semantic gap. In this paper, we propose a novel and extensible multidimensional approach called matrix of visual perspectives as a solution for addressing this semantic gap. Our approach exploits the dynamic cross-interaction (in other words, mix-and-match) of image features and similarity metrics to produce results that attempt to mimic the mental visual picture of the user. Experimental results on retrieving similar Japanese cultural heritage symbols called kamons by a prototype system confirm that the interaction of visual perspectives in the user can be effectively captured and reflected. The benefits of this approach are broader. They can be equally applicable to the development of CBIR systems for other types of images, whether cultural or noncultural, by adapting to different sets of application specific image features.
TEXTURE ANALYSIS USING LOCAL TEXTURE PATTERNS: A FUZZY LOGIC APPROACH
Authors: SRINIVASAN E. M. , RAMAR K. , SURULIANDI A.
Published: March 2011

Texture analysis plays a vital role in image processing. The prospect of texture based image analysis depends on the texture features and the texture model. This paper presents a new texture feature extraction method 'Fuzzy Local Texture Patterns (FLTP)' and 'Fuzzy Pattern Spectrum (FPS)', suitable for texture analysis. The local image texture is described by FLTP and the global image texture is described by FPS. The proposed method is tested with texture classification, texture segmentation and texture edge detection. The results show that the proposed method provides a very good and robust performance for texture analysis.
MODEL-BASED RECOVERY OF FLUID FLOW PARAMETERS FROM VIDEO
Authors: KORZHOVA VALENTINA N. , GOLDGOF DMITRY B. , SISOEV GRIGORI M.
Published: March 2011

This paper develops a novel approach for fluid flow tracking and analysis. Specifically, the proposed algorithm is able to detect the traveling waves, compute the wave parameters and determine controlling film flow parameters for a liquid film flowing over a rotating disk. The input to the algorithm is an easily acquired video data. It is shown that under single light illumination, it is possible to track the specular portion of the reflected light on the traveling wave. Hence, wavy films can be tracked, and fluid flow parameters can be computed. The fluid flow parameters include wave velocities, wave inclination angles, and distances between consecutive waves. Once the parameters are computed, their accuracy is analyzed and compared with the solutions of the mathematical models based on the Navier–Stokes equations. The mathematical model predicts wave characteristics based on directly measured controlling parameters, such as disk rotation speed and fluid flow rate. It is shown that the calculated parameter values coincide with the predicted ones. The average computed parameters are within 5–10% of the predicted values.

Next, the developed approach is generalized to model-based recovery of fluid flow controlling parameters: the rotation speed and the fluid-flow rate. The search in space for model parameters is performed to minimize the error between the flow characteristics predicted by the fluid dynamics model (e.g. distance between waves, wave inclination angles) and parameters recovered from video data. Results demonstrate that the speed of a disk and the flow rate, when compared to the ground truth available from direct observation, are recovered with the error less than 10%.