bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TREM2hi resident macrophages protect the septic heart by maintaining cardiomyocyte homeostasis
Authors: Zhang Kai , Wang Yang , Chen Shiyu , Mao Jiali , Jin Yue , Ye Hui , Zhang Yan , Liu Xiwang , Gong Chenchen , Cheng Xuejun , Huang Xiaoli , Hoeft Andreas , Chen Qixing , Li Xuekun , Fang Xiangming
Published: January 2023

Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SICM) is common in septic patients with a high mortality and is characterized by an abnormal immune response. Owing to cellular heterogeneity, understanding the roles of immune cell subsets in SICM has been challenging. Here we identify a unique subpopulation of cardiac-resident macrophages termed CD163+RETNLA+ (Mac1), which undergoes self-renewal during sepsis and can be targeted to prevent SICM. By combining single-cell RNA sequencing with fate mapping in a mouse model of sepsis, we demonstrate that the Mac1 subpopulation has distinct transcriptomic signatures enriched in endocytosis and displays high expression of TREM2 (TREM2hi). TREM2hi Mac1 cells actively scavenge cardiomyocyte-ejected dysfunctional mitochondria. Trem2 deficiency in macrophages impairs the self-renewal capability of the Mac1 subpopulation and consequently results in defective elimination of damaged mitochondria, excessive inflammatory response in cardiac tissue, exacerbated cardiac dysfunction and decreased survival. Notably, intrapericardial administration of TREM2hi Mac1 cells prevents SICM. Our findings suggest that the modulation of TREM2hi Mac1 cells could serve as a therapeutic strategy for SICM.
Multi-hazard risk to global port infrastructure and resulting trade and logistics losses
Authors: Verschuur Jasper , Koks Elco E. , Li Sihan , Hall Jim W.
Published: January 2023

Despite their economic importance, the risk that ports face from multiple natural hazards has not yet been monetised on a global scale. Here, we perform an asset-level risk analysis of global port infrastructure from multiple hazards, quantifying the risk to physical asset damages and logistics services (i.e. port-specific risk) and maritime trade flows at-risk (i.e. trade risk). We find that 86% majority of ports are exposed to more than three hazards. Globally, port-specific risk totals 7.5 USD bn per year, with 32% of the risk attributed to tropical cyclone impacts. In addition, 63.1 USD bn of trade is at-risk every year, with trade risk as a fraction of total trade being particularly high in Small Island Developing States. Our result underline that port resilience is determined by various critical factors, such as engineering standards, operational thresholds, recovery duration, that vary widely across ports, requiring tailored solutions to improve port resilience.
Impaired CD4+ T cell response in older adults is associated with reduced immunogenicity and reactogenicity of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination
Authors: Jo Norihide , Hidaka Yu , Kikuchi Osamu , Fukahori Masaru , Sawada Takeshi , Aoki Masahiko , Yamamoto Masaki , Nagao Miki , Morita Satoshi , Nakajima Takako E. , Muto Manabu , Hamazaki Yoko
Published: January 2023

Whether age-associated defects in T cells impact the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of mRNA vaccines remains unclear. Using a vaccinated cohort (n = 216), we demonstrated that older adults (aged ≥65 years) had fewer vaccine-induced spike-specific CD4+ T cells including CXCR3+ circulating follicular helper T cells and the TH1 subset of helper T cells after the first dose, which correlated with their lower peak IgG levels and fewer systemic adverse effects after the second dose, compared with younger adults. Moreover, spike-specific TH1 cells in older adults expressed higher levels of programmed cell death protein 1, a negative regulator of T cell activation, which was associated with low spike-specific CD8+ T cell responses. Thus, an inefficient CD4+ T cell response after the first dose may reduce the production of helper T cytokines, even after the second dose, thereby lowering humoral and cellular immunity and reducing systemic reactogenicity. Therefore, enhancing CD4+ T cell response following the first dose is key to improving vaccine efficacy in older adults.
Substrate selectivity and inhibition of histidine JmjC hydroxylases MINA53 and NO66
Authors: Türkmen Vildan A. , Hintzen Jordi C. J. , Tumber Anthony , Moesgaard Laust , Salah Eidarus , Kongsted Jacob , Schofield Christopher J. , Mecinović Jasmin
Published: January 2023

Ribosomal histidine hydroxylases MINA53 and NO66 exhibit narrow substrate selectivities for ribosomal protein L27a/L8 peptides possessing histidine analogues. Selected Rpl peptides display potent inhibition against MINA53 and NO66, providing a basis for inhibitor design.
A naphthalene-based heterobimetallic triazolylidene IrIII/PdII complex: regioselective to regiospecific C–H activation, tandem catalysis and a copper-free Sonogashira reaction
Authors: Majumder Adhir , Naskar Rajat , Roy Pallabi , Mondal Bhaskar , Garai Somenath , Maity Ramananda
Published: January 2023

A rare version of naphthalene-based heterobimetallic PdII/IrIII complex possessing cyclometalated mesoionic bis-carbene (MIC) ligand is presented. The complex has been employed as pre-catalyst in the tandem Suzuki−Miyaura/transfer hydrogenation reaction.
Self-assembled nanoparticles based on cationic mono-/AIE tetra-nuclear Ir(iii) complexes: long wavelength absorption/near-infrared emission photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Li Lijuan , Wang Weijin , Wang Runlin , Li Guangzhe , Bian Hang , Zhu Dongxia , Bryce Martin R.
Published: January 2023

New cationic mono- and AIE tetra-nuclear Ir(iii) complex-porphyrin conjugates and the corresponding carrier-free NP PSs by self-assembly methods without any auxiliary reagents, [TPP-Ir]+ NPs and [TPP-4Ir]4+ NPs, are obtained for highly efficient PDT.
Process coupling of CO2reduction and 5-HMF oxidation mediated by defect-enriched layered double hydroxides
Authors: Fan Jingjing , Zhao Yin , Wang Qian , Gao Mingyu , Li Xintao , Li Dianqing , Feng Junting
Published: January 2023

Aiming at the comprehensive utilization of waste and renewable carbon resources, we achieved a photocatalytic coupling process of CO2reduction and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation mediated by the anionic compound of layered double hydroxides.
Development of a microsampler suitable for aerial collection of aerosol particles
Authors: Cheng Meng-Dawn , Chien Chih-Hsiang , Graham David E. , Harter Andrew
Published: January 2023

A microsampler for collecting aerosol particles on an unmanned aerial system (UAS) was designed and evaluated in the laboratory for dry (no condensed water) and wet (foggy, misty, or rainy) air conditions.
Electrochemistry coupled with mass spectrometry for the prediction of the environmental fate and elucidation of the degradation mechanisms of pesticides: current status and future prospects
Authors: Tonleu Temgoua Ranil Clément , Kenfack Tonlé Ignas , Boujtita Mohammed
Published: January 2023

The state of the art of existing/published work in the prediction of environmental degradation of pesticides by EC-MS/EC-LC-MS coupling was reviewed. Ways to improve EC-MS techniques in the prediction of environmental degradation were proposed.
Homoconjugation effects in triptycene based organic optoelectronic materials
Authors: Mistry Jai-Ram , Montanaro Stephanie , Wright Iain A.
Published: January 2023

Homoconjugation occurs when two aromatic rings are separated by a single non-conjugated atom. This is demonstrated in triptycene by the through-space overlap of the π-clouds of the aryl fins and can be used to enhance optoelectronic properties.
A comparative study of two multi-resonance TADF analogous materials integrating chalcogen atoms of different periods
Authors: Xiong Xin , Cheng Ying-Chun , Wang Kai , Yu Jia , Zhang Xiao-Hong
Published: January 2023

Two multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence analogous materials respectively integrating oxygen and sulfur atoms were compared to investigate the pro and cons of introducing elements of different periods.
On the catalytic vapor-phase dehydration of lactic acid to acrylic acid: a systematic review
Authors: Huang Lin , Wai Ming Hui , Kawi Sibudjing
Published: January 2023

This review gives an explicit overview of developments in the vapor-phase dehydration of lactic acid to acrylic acid with the rational design of heterogeneous catalyst systems. Constructive critiques are presented.
Tantalum doped La0.6Sr0.4FeO3−δ electrodes for symmetrical proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Peng Shujun , Yin Zongjie , Xue Jian
Published: January 2023

At 800 °C, the polarization resistances for La0.6Sr0.4Fe0.9Ta0.1O3−δ (LSFT) barely reach 0.02 Ω cm2 in air and 0.1 Ω cm2 in H2, suggesting that LSFT should be a promising electrode for symmetrical proton conducting solid oxide fuel cells.
Polymer composites with hierarchical architecture and dielectric particles for efficient daytime subambient radiative cooling
Authors: Yue Qian , Zhang Li , He Cheng-Yu , Liu Bao-Hua , Wang Wei-Ming , Lu Zhong-Wei , Liu Gang , Gao Xiang-Hu
Published: January 2023

The polymer-dielectric composite film is reported to obtain a hierarchical micro–nano structure. Composites exhibit excellent optical properties and their actual radiative cooling effect was tested in an outdoor environment.
Self-assembled photosensitive carbon nanocrystals with broad-spectrum antibacterial bioactivity
Authors: Kou Erfeng , Li Wei , Lin Junjie , Zhang Haoran , Zhang Xuejie , Liu Yingliang , Lei Bingfu
Published: January 2023

Synthesis and antibacterial applications of self-assembled carbon nanocrystals.
High-performance aqueous symmetric supercapacitors based on Ni6MnO8–MnCO3 composite self-supported electrodes
Authors: Luo Shuang , Li Jien , Xu Pengfei , Han Xiangyu , Chen Lin , Hu Chenguo
Published: January 2023

High-performance aqueous symmetric supercapacitors based on Ni6MnO8–MnCO3 composite self-supported electrodes can light up 72 LEDs for more than 2 minutes, which demonstrates an excellent practical application prospect.
Culturally Responsive Speech-Language Services and Preprofessional Training in Ghana
Authors: Nyantakyi Kwaku , Oetting Janna B.
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

In Ghana, cultural competence is not only one of the most important skills required to a speech-language pathologist (SLP), but it is also ubiquitous throughout the country's preprofessional training program. In this article, we describe the field of communication disorders in Ghana as well as culturally responsive strategies SLPs implement and model to preprofessionals to serve the country's highly diverse ethnicities and multicultural communities.

Conclusions:

Culturally responsive strategies in Ghana include, among other behaviors, overt acts of empathy, affirmation, and additive/complementary expertise statements. These strategies could be more overtly applied within the United States to improve SLP services, preprofessional training programs, and the lived experiences of clients in the United States who come from various ethnicities and cultures.
Barium and related stars, and their white-dwarf companions
Authors: Escorza A. , De Rosa R. J.
Published: January 2023

Context. Masses are one of the most difficult stellar properties to measure. In the case of the white-dwarf (WD) companions of Barium (Ba) stars, the situation is worse. These stars are dim, cool, and difficult to observe via direct methods. However, Ba stars were polluted by the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) progenitors of these WDs with matter rich in heavy elements, and the properties of their WD companions contain key information about binary interaction processes involving AGB stars and about the slow neutron capture process (s-process) of nucleosynthesis.

Aims. With this study, we aim to determine accurate and assumption-free masses for the WD companions of as many Ba stars as possible. We want to provide new observational constraints that can help us learn about the formation and evolution of these post-interaction binary systems and about the nucleosythesis processes that took place in the interiors of their AGB progenitors.

Methods. We combined archival radial-velocity data with HIPPARCOS and Gaia astrometry using the software package ORVARA, a code designed to simultaneously fit a single Keplerian model to any combination of these types of data using a parallel-tempering Markov chain Monte Carlo method. We adopted Gaussian priors for the Ba star masses and for the parallaxes, and assumed uninformative priors for the orbital elements and the WD masses.

Results. We determined new orbital inclinations and companion masses for 60 Ba star systems. These results include a couple of new orbits and several improved orbits for the longest-period systems. Additionally, we unravelled a new triple system that was not known before and constrained the orbits and the masses of the two companions.

Conclusions. The WD mass distribution presented in this work is compatible with that of field WDs and with the distributions published before for Ba star companions. A few WD companions have masses higher than 0.8 M⊙, considering 1-σ uncertainties. This indicates that they might come from AGB stars that are more massive than 3 M⊙. These masses are higher than what the abundance ratios on Ba star atmospheres and theoretical models of the s-process of nucleosynthesis seem to expect, raising interesting questions about the formation of these systems.
Activity distribution of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from combined measurements of non-gravitational forces and torques
Authors: Attree N. , Jorda L. , Groussin O. , Agarwal J. , Lasagni Manghi R. , Tortora P. , Zannoni M. , Marschall R.
Published: January 2023

Aims. Understanding the activity is vital for deciphering the structure, formation, and evolution of comets. We investigate models of cometary activity by comparing them to the dynamics of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.

Methods. We matched simple thermal models of water activity to the combined Rosetta datasets by fitting to the total outgassing rate and four components of the outgassing induced non-gravitational force and torque, with a final manual adjustment of the model parameters to additionally match the other two torque components. We parametrised the thermal model in terms of a distribution of relative activity over the surface of the comet, and attempted to link this to different terrain types. We also tested a more advanced thermal model based on a pebble structure.

Results. We confirm a hemispherical dichotomy and non-linear water outgassing response to insolation. The southern hemisphere of the comet and consolidated terrain show enhanced activity relative to the northern hemisphere and dust-covered, unconsolidated terrain types, especially at perihelion. We further find that the non-gravitational torque is especially sensitive to the activity distribution, and to fit the pole-axis orientation in particular, activity must be concentrated (in excess of the already high activity in the southern hemisphere and consolidated terrain) around the south pole and on the body and neck of the comet over its head. This is the case for both the simple thermal model and the pebble-based model. Overall, our results show that water activity cannot be matched by a simple model of sublimating surface ice driven by the insolation alone, regardless of the surface distribution, and that both local spatial and temporal variations are needed to fit the data.

Conclusions. Fully reconciling the Rosetta outgassing, torque, and acceleration data requires a thermal model that includes both diurnal and seasonal effects and also structure with depth (dust layers or ice within pebbles). This shows that cometary activity is complex. Nonetheless, non-gravitational dynamics provides a useful tool for distinguishing between different thermophysical models and aids our understanding.
What Predicts the Intention to Engage in Home-Based Exercise: The Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Xu Zhe
Published: January 2023

Drawing on the theory of planned behavior, the current study aims to explore the mechanisms by which social media attention influences the constructs of the theory of planned behavior and then affects individual intentions. A total of 430 participants in China participated in an online survey. The results revealed that attention to information on social media about home-based exercise and health care significantly influenced attitude, subjective norms, descriptive norms, and perceived behavioral control. These, in turn, positively influenced the individual’s behavior intention to engage in home-based exercise. Theoretical and practical contributions are discussed in this study as well.
Reasons Why the Ageing Population Stands Out on TikTok and the Analysis of Its Commercial Potential
Authors: Cheng Aolin
Published: January 2023

Even in an era of information explosion, many older people still miss out on important information due to technical limitations. But TikTok, a global short video platform, has attracted more and more senior users in recent years through its creative and entertaining content, diverse community interactions, and easyto- use methods. It is even creating senior netizens with millions of followers. These older consumers and content contributors are showing their energy and vitality through TikTok to rewrite the way people expect older people to behave on social media. This paper investigates the accounts of older celebrities on Chinese TikTok platform to understand how older people are expanding their reach by making TikTok videos and how they can engage with the rapidly developing society through this online platform, which is regarded as a virtual playground for teenagers. In addition, this paper also discusses the undervalued commercial potential of an aging society. The data analysis reveals that older people may challenge stereotypes brought about by ageism and conclusions can be drawn that the aging group on TikTok is standing out on the platform because of its positive image and optimistic attitude towards life. Moreover, because of the increased digitalisation and the changing attitudes of older adults, their purchasing power is continuing to grow, and the aging industry is booming.
Study on construction quality Evaluation Index of prefabricated Buildings and Identification of Workers’ occupational literacy Evaluation Index
Authors: Liu Nana , Wang Wei , Chen Cheng , Sun Junxia
Published: January 2023

This study through reading to sort out quality management and quality inspection standards and specifications, identify five the prefabricated building quality specifications and workers professional quality of 16 factors, and then using the theory of quality management theory, labor productivity, literature research, identify quality evaluation specifications and general factors of professional workers, using the method of case analysis and expert interview to collect quality evaluation specification and workers professional quality characteristic factors, identify common workers professional quality influencing factors of 4 first-level indicators, 16 secondary indexes, prefabricated building quality five evaluation indexes, and further to a total of 21 indexes both generality and individual character classification, found 11, 10 personality. The extraction and analysis of the key factors affecting workers’ occupational literacy on the quality of assembly construction provide a research basis.
The Influence Factors of Short Video Marketing on Consumer Purchasing Behavior and the Effective Suggestions
Authors: Zhao Yaping
Published: January 2023

In recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet, the promotion and application of TikTok and other short video APPs have greatly enriched people’s life and ways of leisure. Many enterprises pay attention to the value of short video marketing, and short videos, as a type of commodity, have been used for marketing. All of these have promoted the continuous growth of short video marketing mode. However, at present, some enterprises or businesses are not clear about the impact of short video marketing on consumers’ purchasing behavior, which to a certain extent affects the utilization of business resources and the sustainable and stable development of enterprises. This paper mainly analyzes the characteristics of short video marketing, studies the the influence factors of short video marketing on consumer purchasing behavior, and puts forward some effective suggestions. Conclusions can be drawn that short video marketing has the features of original content and a combination of online and offline. One influence factor of the consumer purchasing behavior is the short video marketing platform availability and function availability. Another one is the psychological distance between consumers and short video marketing. Moreover, in order to improve the short video marketing effects, it is essential to make the personalized marketing scheme based on consumer demands and improve the professional quality of short video bloggers. Additionally, there is a need to build a consumer value common trust and strengthen the short video content management. Last but not least, it is also important to focus on the interaction with consumers and organize more diversified promotional activities.
The Development of Contemporary Women’s Issues
Authors: Jialu Song
Published: January 2023

With the rapid development of the world economy, human thinking and ideas are also progressing. Today’s society should break the gender dichotomy and popularize women’s right to education. Compared with the feudal society, women’s issues in today’s society have made great progress, but there are still some serious social problems. This paper discusses women’s issues in education, reproduction and gender, and how contemporary women’s issues have evolved. In order to solve the problem of women, we should first eliminate the influence of the patriarchal culture. Although gender culture has a certain lag, its development needs the joint efforts of the whole society. After the whole society generally pays attention to women’s issues, there will be more outstanding women, which is more conducive to the development of the society.
A Study on the Media Framework during Beijing Winter Olympic Games from a Comparative Perspective: Taking People’s Daily Online and CNN as Examples
Authors: Yu Zhuqi , Cheng Nuo , Zhang Chunfu
Published: January 2023

Upon the conclusion of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, the media coverage of this sports event of worldwide prestige has piled up as countless. However, the coverage of the Beijing Winter Olympics varies across countries, and it is up to different media to tailor and package the information to be delivered to the public according to their value standards, political tendencies, ideologies, etc. Based on a review of existing literature, this paper is devoted to the exploration of the underlying media framework of China and United States through a comparative study with a certain theoretical basis by taking their practices as examples to distinguish the choices made by these two countries on conducting both negative and positive reporting and their divergence in pursing either the “universal solidarity” or conflicts and divisions.
A Low-Temperature Curable Conformal Adhesive Layer for Monolithic Lamination of Thin Film Encapsulation
Authors: Park Yong Cheon , Jeong Kihoon , Ahn Dahye , Kim Youson , Im Sung Gap
Published: January 2023

Lamination of a thin film encapsulation (TFE) layer is regarded as one of the most promising methods that enable the reliable operation of organic electronic devices by attaching the TFE layers thereon directly using an adhesive layer. In this study, a low-temperature curable adhesive thin film with low glass transition temperature (T
g) is newly designed and synthesized. Low T
g allows conformal contact at the interface of the adhesive layer and the substrate subsequently leads to the enhancement of adhesion, and thus the barrier performance of the lamination of barrier film increases. In order to fabricate a low-T
g adhesive layer, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) was copolymerized with a 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) monomer in the vapor phase via initiated chemical vapor deposition. With a 5 µm thick p(GMA-co-HEA) adhesive layer, a strong adhesion was readily achieved by curing it at 60 °C for 1 h, with the peel strength of 16.6 N/25 mm, and the water vapor transmission rate of the glass-laminated encapsulation was as low as 3.4 × 10−3 g/m2 · day under accelerating conditions (38 °C, 90% relative humidity). We believe the low-temperature curable thin adhesive layer will serve as a powerful material for the lamination of organic electronic devices in a damage-free way.
Grammar as validity evidence for assessing L2 interactional competence
Authors: Youn Soo Jung
Published: January 2023

This study examines how L2 learners of English at different pragmatic performance levels implement requests during role-play assessment interaction. In doing so, the role of grammar-for-interaction as validity evidence of assessing interactional competence is explicated. Using qualitative and quantitative data, the following research questions are investigated: (a) How do learners use grammar differently depending on the role-play request situations they are engaged in?; (b) To what extent are learners’ role-play performance levels associated with the ability to use context-sensitive grammar when co-constructing request sequences? The data come from a database of 102 L2 English learners’ role-play interactions with 45 hours of recorded interaction in total. The role-play assessment tasks include various real-life communicative situations, such as requests designed for specific interlocutors in a university context. Using conversation analysis, the role-play interactions at different performance levels were analyzed. Sequential analyses showed that higher-level learners utilized diverse grammatical formats that are sensitive to their sequential positions and contingencies associated with requests. As quantitative evidence, the relationship between selected grammatical constructions and the learners’ role-play performance levels determined by trained raters was examined. With this, I discuss the role of grammar-for-interaction in defining and assessing interactional competence.
Update of the BIPM comparison BIPM.RI(II)-K1.I-131 of activity measurements of the radionuclide 131I to include the 2015 results of the BEV (Austria) and the POLATOM (Poland), the 2017 result of the NMISA (South Africa), and to link the CCRI(II)-S6.I-131 comparison
Authors: Michotte C , Courte S , Coulon R , Nonis M , Ratel G , Maringer F J , Brettner-Messler R , Dziel T , Listkowska A , Rooy M W van , Staden M J van , Lubbe J , Zimmerman B
Published: January 2023

Main text

Three new participations in the BIPM.RI(II)-K1.I-131 comparison have been added to the previous results and this has produced a revised value for the key comparison reference value (KCRV), calculated using the power-moderated weighted mean. A link has been made to the CCRI(II)-S6.I-131 comparison piloted by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 2006, based on the participation of CMI-IIR in both comparisons. One NMI used the S6 comparison to update its degree of equivalence. The results of two NMIs in the CCRI(II)-S6.I-131 comparison were superseded by a more recent APMP.RI(II)-K2.I-131 comparison. The degrees of equivalence between each equivalent activity measured in the International Reference System (SIR) and the KCRV have been calculated and the results are given in the form of a table for the latest results in the BIPM.RI(II)-K1.I-131, and the linked CCRI(II)-S6.I-131, APMP.RI(II)-K2.I-131 and EURAMET.RI(II)-K2.I-131 comparisons. A graphical presentation is also given.

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Quadrupole and octupole states in 152Sm using the proton–neutron interacting boson model
Authors: Hu Bao-Yue , Zhang Yu , Na Gui-Xiu , Wang Sheng-Nan , Teng Wei
Published: January 2023

A scheme of solving the proton–neutron interacting boson model (IBM-2) in terms of the SU(3) basis is introduced, by which the IBM-2 coupled with an octupole boson is applied to describe the low-energy structure of the critical point nucleus, 152Sm. The results indicate that the spectral properties of both the positive-parity bands and negative-parity bands in this nucleus can be well captured by the IBM-2 calculations through a simple Hamiltonian, thus providing an example of the IBM-2 in a unified description of quadrupole and octupole states in a transitional system. In addition, a statistical analysis of the low-spin states in the model is also provided.
Finger doses due to 68Ga-labelled pharmaceuticals in PET departments—results of a multi-centre pilot study
Authors: McCann Ann , Cherbuin Nicolas , Covens Peter , Dabin Jérémie , Haruz-Waschitz Sigalit , Gallo Lara , Datz Hanan , Wierts Roel , Wrzesien Malgorzata , Zorz Alessandra , Cooke Jennie , Dowling Anita , Kollaard Robert
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Although the use of 68Ga has increased substantially in nuclear medicine over the last decade, there is limited information available on occupational exposure due to 68Ga. The purpose of this study is to determine the occupational extremity exposure during the preparation, dispensing and administration of 68Ga-labelled radiopharmaceuticals. Method: Workers in eight centres wore a ring dosimeter for all tasks involving 68Ga-labelled radiopharmaceuticals for a minimum of one month. Additionally, the fingertip dose was monitored in two centres and the hand with the highest ring dose during 68Ga procedures was also identified in one centre. Results: The median normalised ring dose for 68Ga procedures was found to be 0.25 mSv GBq−1 (range 0.01–3.34). The normalised 68Ga ring doses recorded in this study are similar to that found in the literature for 18F. This study is consistent with previous findings that the highest extremity dose is found on the non-dominant hand. A limited sub study in two of the centres showed a median fingertip to base of the finger dose ratio of 4.3. Based on this median ratio, the extrapolated annual 68Ga fingertip dose for 94% of the workers monitored in this study would be below Category B dose limit (150 mSv) and no worker would exceed Category A dose limit (500 mSv). Conclusion: When appropriate shielding and radiation protection practices are employed, the extremity dose due to 68Ga is comparable to that of 18F and is expected to be well below the regulatory limits for the majority of workers.
Mn–N–C catalysts derived from metal triazole framework with hierarchical porosity for efficient oxygen reduction
Authors: Wang Huiying , Kong Ziyan , Wang Minghao , Huang Bing , Guan Lunhui
Published: January 2023

Manganese and nitrogen co-doped porous carbon (Mn–N–C) are proposed as one of the most up-and-coming non-precious metal electrocatalysts to substitute Pt-based in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, we chose metal triazole frameworks as carbon substrate with hierarchical porosity for trapping and anchoring Mn-containing gaseous species by a mild one-step pyrolysis method. The optimized Mn–N–C electrocatalyst with a large metal content of 1.71 wt% and a volume ratio of 0.86 mesopores pore delivers a superior ORR activity with a half-wave potential (E
1/2) of 0.92 V in 0.1 M KOH and 0.78 V in 0.1 M HClO4. Moreover, the modified Mn–N–C catalyst showed superior potential cyclic stability. The E
1/2 remained unchanged in 0.1 M KOH and only lost 6 mV in 0.1 M HClO4 after 5000 cycles. When applied as the cathode catalyst in Zn-air battery, it exhibited a maximum peak power density of 176 mW cm−2, demonstrating great potential as a usable ORR catalyst in practical devices.
Resonances and signal to noise ratio of electromagnetic sensors
Authors: Chui S T , Lin Zhifang , Ji Zian
Published: January 2023

We illustrate the concept of the resonance for noise by considering the example of the current induced by an external electromagnetic field and the noise current in the well studied split ring resonantors in the thin wire limit, which is analytically tractable. We found that both the signal and the noise exhibit resonances at the same frequencies. However, their ratio exhibits interesting frequency dependences which also is a function of the nature of the external driving field. This previously unanticipated result suggests the signal to noise ratio does not just depend on the resonance frequency; further study is required of the fundamental physics for different structures and help improve the design of devices.
ALP dark matter mini-clusters from kinetic fragmentation
Authors: Eröncel Cem , Servant Géraldine
Published: January 2023

We show that very compact axion mini-clusters can form
in models where axion-like-particle (ALP) dark matter is produced via the kinetic misalignment mechanism, which is well-motivated in pre-inflationary U(1) symmetry breaking scenarios.
This is due to ALP fragmentation.
We predict denser halos than what has been obtained so far in the literature
from standard misalignment in post-inflationary U(1) breaking scenarios or from large misalignment.
The main reason is that adiabatic fluctuations are significant at early times, therefore, even if amplification from parametric resonance effects is moderate, the final size of ALP fluctuations is larger in kinetic misalignment.
We compare halo mass functions and halo spectra obtained in kinetic misalignment, large misalignment and standard misalignment respectively. Our analysis does not depend on the specific model realization of the kinetic misalignment mechanism. We present our results generally as a function of the ALP mass and the ALP decay constant only. We show that a sizable region of this ALP parameter space can be tested by future experiments that probe small-scale structures.
Molecular dynamics study on the slippage of liquid lithium flow in tungsten nanochannels
Authors: Liu S. , Yu X.
Published: January 2023

As the use of liquid lithium (Li) as the plasma facing material in a fusion device becomes widespread, more and more research work has been dedicated to the numerical simulations of Li flow based on the Navier–Stokes equations. However, the slip condition of Li on a solid surface hasn’t been fully understood. The most common and simplest boundary condition, which is no-slip, is just one of the allowable conditions ranging from pure slip to multilayer locking. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations of the Couette flow were performed to investigate the slip properties of liquid Li on tungsten (W) surfaces. The atomic structures near the surfaces were inspected. The influence of temperature, lattice orientation and biaxial strain of wall surfaces, as well as the surface roughness, were discussed. It was found that the slip length is always negative suggesting that the wall always retards the movement of liquid Li. Among all the factors, surface roughness has the most significant effects on the slippage. Two sectional linear relationships between the slip length and the height of the roughness elements were discovered. As the height of roughness elements reaches a critical point, micro vortexes begin to form and change the slope of the linear relationship.
Conversion of a mixture of date palm wastes to mesoporous activated carbon for efficient dye adsorption
Authors: Alharbi Hattan A , Hameed Bassim H , Alotaibi Khaled D , Al-Oud Saud S , Al-Modaihsh Abdullah S
Published: January 2023

In this study, we aimed to develop mixture activated carbon (MAC) from a mixture of date palm wastes (petiole, rachis and fiber) through hydrothermal carbonization and microwave-assisted H3PO4 activation and evaluate its adsorption capacity to remove Remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) from aqueous solution. The MAC was found to be mesoporous, with an average pore diameter and BET surface area of 2.61 nm and 641.23 m2 g−1, respectively. The zeta potential and FTIR results demonstrated that the surface of MAC was negatively charged in its natural state and filled with functional groups such as phenyl, secondary amine, alkyne, aldehyde, and hydroxy groups. The adsorption capacity and percentage removal of RBBR increased and decreased, respectively, when the initial concentration increased. Maximum removal of RBBR was achieved at pH 3 (96.69 mg g−1) and at 30 °C of solution temperature (85.79 mg g−1). Langmuir and pseudo-first-order were the best isotherm and kinetic models for describing the RBBR-MAC adsorption system, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters of ΔH°, ΔS°, ΔG°, and Ea implied that this adsorption system was exothermic, increased randomness at the liquid-solid interface, and was spontaneous and controlled by the physisorption type of sorption, respectively.
Lamination of inkjet-printed Ag electrodes for highly patternable and customizable polymer light-emitting diodes
Authors: Yoon Hyungsoo , Jeong Sujin , Lee Byeongmoon , Kim Dahyun , Park Jongjang , Hong Yongtaek
Published: January 2023

Inkjet printing that ensures superior patternability and customizability can be fully exploited as top electrodes in thin-film-based light-emitting devices. However, direct inkjet printing onto multi-layered thin films severely damages the underlying functional layers due to intermixing with the ink solvents, resulting in poor device efficiencies. Here, we report a lamination of inkjet-printed Ag electrodes as a top cathode for polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). The organometallic Ag ink was printed on surface-modified elastomers with stable wettability, and drop spacing was further optimized for low surface roughness. The lamination of Ag cathodes establishes intimate contact between the electrodes and the functional layers, allowing light emission of PLEDs along the printed patterns. Furthermore, additional heat treatment improves the electron injection, resulting in a reduction of turn-on voltage and higher current/power efficiencies. To illustrate the practicability of our laminated PLEDs, we demonstrate passive-matrix driven PLEDs with all-inkjet-printed electrodes by laminating the top cathode arrays crossing the bottom inkjet-printed anodes.
Electromigration failure in inkjet-printed Ag conductive lines
Authors: Jepiti Prabhakar , Yoon Sukeun , Kim Jihoon
Published: January 2023

Electromigration (EM) is crucial to the reliability of most conductive lines used in electronics. In the present study, the EM characteristics of inkjet-printed Ag conductive lines were analyzed under various EM acceleration conditions to comprehend the EM failure behaviors associated with inkjet-printed Ag lines with nanoparticle inks. The evolution of the porosity level in the microstructure of the inkjet-printed Ag lines during the EM test was investigated to locate the EM failure positions in the line and identify the main driving force for EM mass transport. Two theoretical models (resistometric and Black’s) were employed to analyze the activation energy and expected lifetime of inkjet-printed Ag lines. This study indicates that the EM of Ag cations is directed toward the cathode by the direct force resulting from the electric field–ion interaction, resulting in EM failure near the anode and hillock formation near the cathode of the inkjet-printed Ag lines. The activation energy computed from the theoretical models suggests that the surface diffusion of Ag through the inkjet-printed line plays an important part in the EM failure mechanism. This research was a pioneering attempt to experimentally investigate the EM performance of inkjet-printed Ag lines.
Understanding the light-induced oxygen vacancy in the photochemical conversion
Authors: Xu Chenyu , Luo Jing-Li
Published: January 2023

The formation of light-induced oxygen vacancy (VO) is detected and confirmed on the surface of various metal-oxide-based semiconductors under mild reaction conditions with low cost energy source (sunlight). This self-structural transformation of the materials can bring about new characteristics and functionalities, which has inspired many researchers to explore the applications of light-induced VO in the photochemical conversion. In this perspective, generating and maintaining the light-induced VO are discussed based on some of the important work in the field of photochemical conversion. The effects and utilizations of the light-induced VO are revealed including the models proposed to explain mechanism. Then, the electric current measurements and key challenges of the light-induced VO are also summarized in a comprehensive introduction. Finally, some important aspects and questions in terms of the future research of light-induced VO are emphasized via discussing the potential contribution and development. And the schematic of future developments for light-induced VO is provided based on loop-locked materials design, light engineering and mechanism investigation.
Deep learning predicts the impact of regulatory variants on cell-type-specific enhancers in the brain
Authors: Zheng An , Shen Zeyang , Glass Christopher K , Gymrek Melissa
Published: January 2023

Motivation

Previous studies have shown that the heritability of multiple brain-related traits and disorders is highly enriched in transcriptional enhancer regions. However, these regions often contain many individual variants, while only a subset of them are likely to causally contribute to a trait. Statistical fine-mapping techniques can identify putative causal variants, but their resolution is often limited, especially in regions with multiple variants in high linkage disequilibrium. In these cases, alternative computational methods to estimate the impact of individual variants can aid in variant prioritization.

Results

Here, we develop a deep learning pipeline to predict cell-type-specific enhancer activity directly from genomic sequences and quantify the impact of individual genetic variants in these regions. We show that the variants highlighted by our deep learning models are targeted by purifying selection in the human population, likely indicating a functional role. We integrate our deep learning predictions with statistical fine-mapping results for 8 brain-related traits, identifying 63 distinct candidate causal variants predicted to contribute to these traits by modulating enhancer activity, representing 6% of all genome-wide association study signals analyzed. Overall, our study provides a valuable computational method that can prioritize individual variants based on their estimated regulatory impact, but also highlights the limitations of existing methods for variant prioritization and fine-mapping.

Availability and implementation

The data underlying this article, nucleotide-level importance scores, and code for running the deep learning pipeline are available at https://github.com/Pandaman-Ryan/AgentBind-brain.

Contact

mgymrek@ucsd.edu

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
A heuristic algorithm solving the mutual-exclusivity-sorting problem
Authors: Vinceti Alessandro , Trastulla Lucia , Perron Umberto , Raiconi Andrea , Iorio Francesco
Published: January 2023

Motivation

Binary (or Boolean) matrices provide a common effective data representation adopted in several domains of computational biology, especially for investigating cancer and other human diseases. For instance, they are used to summarize genetic aberrations—copy number alterations or mutations—observed in cancer patient cohorts, effectively highlighting combinatorial relations among them. One of these is the tendency for two or more genes not to be co-mutated in the same sample or patient, i.e. a mutual-exclusivity trend. Exploiting this principle has allowed identifying new cancer driver protein-interaction networks and has been proposed to design effective combinatorial anti-cancer therapies rationally. Several tools exist to identify and statistically assess mutual-exclusive cancer-driver genomic events. However, these tools need to be equipped with robust/efficient methods to sort rows and columns of a binary matrix to visually highlight possible mutual-exclusivity trends.

Results

Here, we formalize the mutual-exclusivity-sorting problem and present MutExMatSorting: an R package implementing a computationally efficient algorithm able to sort rows and columns of a binary matrix to highlight mutual-exclusivity patterns. Particularly, our algorithm minimizes the extent of collective vertical overlap between consecutive non-zero entries across rows while maximizing the number of adjacent non-zero entries in the same row. Here, we demonstrate that existing tools for mutual-exclusivity analysis are suboptimal according to these criteria and are outperformed by MutExMatSorting.

Availability and implementation

https://github.com/AleVin1995/MutExMatSorting.

Supplementary information

Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Establishment and external validation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in excluding postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Garnier Jonathan , Alfano Marie-Sophie , Robin Fabien , Ewald Jacques , Al Farai Abdallah , Palen Anais , Sebai Amine , Mokart Djamel , Delpero Jean-Robert , Sulpice Laurent , Zemmour Christophe , Turrini Olivier
Published: January 2023

Background

Factors excluding postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF), facilitating early drain removal and hospital discharge represent a novel approach in patients undergoing enhanced recovery after pancreatic surgery. This study aimed to establish the relevance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in excluding POPF after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).

Methods

A prospectively maintained database of patients who underwent PD at two high-volume centres was used. Patients were divided into three cohorts (training, internal, and external validation). The primary endpoints of this study were accuracy, optimal timing, and cutoff values of NLR for excluding POPF after PD.

Results

From 2012 to 2020, in a 2:1 ratio, 451 consecutive patients were randomly sampled as training (n = 301) and validation (n = 150) cohorts. Additionally, the external validation cohort included 197 patients between 2018 and 2020. POPF was diagnosed in 135 (20.8 per cent) patients. The 90-day mortality rate was 4.1 per cent. NLR less than 8.5 on postoperative day 3 (OR, 95 per cent c.i.) was significantly associated with the absence of POPF in the training (2.41, 1.19 to 4.88; P = 0.015), internal validation (5.59, 2.02 to 15.43; P = 0.001), and external validation (5.13, 1.67 to 15.76; P = 0.004) cohorts when adjusted for relevant clinical factors. Postoperative outcomes significantly differed using this threshold.

Conclusion

NLR less than 8.5 on postoperative day 3 may be a simple, independent, cost-effective, and easy-to-use criterion for excluding POPF.
Pyoderma gangrenosum-like ulcers or pyoderma gangrenosum associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Authors: Mehta Hitaishi , Thind Anish , Bishnoi Anuradha , Vinay Keshavamurthy
Published: January 2023

We read with interest the report by Shakshouk et al. discussing cutaneous ulcers in setting of ANCA associated vasculitis (AAV). These ulcers were diagnosed as pyoderma gangrenosum (PG)-like ulcers, and authors aimed to differentiate these from classical PG. Characteristics of PG-like ulcers in association with AAV remain obscure, and differentiation from PG is not only challenging but perhaps also unnecessary.
Digest: Multiple selective pressures drive color diversity in moths
Authors: Lungstrom Linnea L , Fedder Zachary J F
Published: January 2023

How are color polymorphisms maintained within populations? De Pasqual et al. (2022) showed that female wood tiger moths (Arctia plantaginis) that were heterozygous for a wing color gene had higher fertility, hatching success, and offspring survival. These findings suggest that the complex interaction between heterozygote advantage and pleiotropic effects maintains color variability through a balance between multiple and competing selective pressures in wild populations.