bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diet and the gut microbiome: from hype to hypothesis
Authors: Daniel Hannelore
Published: April 2020

Microbiome research in the last two decades has delivered as a key finding that the human intestine hosts a unique and complex ecosystem with many variables affecting the composition of the microbiota and in turn its function in metabolism and immune defence. Hundreds of external (environmental) factors have meanwhile been identified as significantly associated with bacterial biomass and diversity and, amongst these, diet is considered as a key determinant of microbial populations. However, dietary intervention studies, including those with fermentable substrates that have bulk effects on bowel functions, have revealed only very minor effects on overall microbiome composition and usually show only a very few species changing in population size. What that means in the context of hundreds of different species coexisting in competition or mutualism in the human colon is far from understood. This review addresses some of the current limits in research on diet effects by taking anatomical and physiological features of the intestine into consideration. It also provides some recommendations on future human studies needed to assess how the diet influences the microbiome and associated effects on metabolic health.
Maternal use of folic acid and multivitamin supplements and infant risk of birth defects in Norway, 1999–2013
Authors: Gildestad Trude , Bjørge Tone , Haaland Øystein A. , Klungsøyr Kari , Vollset Stein E. , Øyen Nina
Published: April 2020

The association between folic acid supplementation and birth defects other than neural tube defects (NTD) remains unclear. We used a log-binomial regression model to investigate if periconceptional folic acid and/or multivitamin use was associated with birth defects in Norway with prospectively collected data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway (MBRN) during 1999–2013. We used the European Surveillance of Congenital Anomalies (EUROCAT) classification system to define eleven organ-specific major birth defect groups (nervous system, eye, ear–face–neck, cardiovascular system, respiratory system, oral clefts, digestive system, abdominal wall, urinary system, genital organs and limb), with additional subgroups. Fetuses or infants whose mothers used folic acid and/or multivitamin supplements before and during pregnancy were classified as exposed. During the years 1999–2013, 888 294 (99·0 %) live-born infants, 6633 (0·7 %) stillborn infants and 2135 (0·2 %) fetuses from terminated pregnancies due to fetal anomalies were registered in the MBRN. Among the live- and stillborn infants of women who used vitamin supplements compared with infants of non-users, the adjusted relative risk (aRR) was 0·94 (95 % CI 0·91, 0·98) for total birth defects (n 18 382). Supplement use was associated with reduced risk of abdominal wall defects (aRR 0·58; 95 % CI 0·42, 0·80, n 377), genital organ defects (aRR 0·81; 95 % CI 0·72, 0·91, n 2299) and limb defects (aRR 0·81; 95 % CI 0·74, 0·90, n 3409). Protective associations were also suggested for NTD, respiratory system defects and digestive system defects although CI included the null value of 1. During the full study period, statistically significant associations between supplement use and defects in the eye, ear–face–neck, heart or oral clefts were not observed.
Granularity of Corporate Debt
Authors: Choi Jaewon , Hackbarth Dirk , Zechner Josef
Published: April 2020

We study whether firms spread out debt-maturity dates, which we call granularity of corporate debt. In our model, firms that are unable to roll over expiring debt need to liquidate assets. If multiple small asset sales are less inefficient than a single large one, it can be optimal to diversify debt rollovers across time. Using a large sample of corporate bond issuers during the 1991–2012 period, we establish novel stylized facts and evidence consistent with our model’s predictions. There is substantial heterogeneity (i.e., firms have both concentrated and dispersed debt structures). Debt maturities are more dispersed for larger and more mature firms and for firms with better investment opportunities, higher leverage, and lower profitability. During the recent financial crisis, firms with valuable investment opportunities implemented more dispersed maturity structures. Finally, firms manage granularity actively and adjust toward target levels.
CONSUMPTION AND LIVING STANDARDS IN BUENOS AIRES. CONSUMER BASKETS AND INCOME BETWEEN THE LATE COLONIAL AGE AND THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY
Authors: Santilli Daniel
Published: April 2020

Based on primary sources, baskets of consumption for Buenos Aires are reconstructed for the 1780-1820 period, applying current international methodologies. They build on previous work based on 1835 data. It can be seen that the consumption pattern did not vary substantially in the period and, considering the salary of both urban and rural workers, we are able to establish that standards of living were high and experienced a significant increase after 1835, especially during the 1840s. This placed Buenos Aires among the cities of the Western world with highest welfare ratio levels.
Judging the Communist Past: Historians and Cultural Expertise in Polish Administrative Courts
Authors: Burdziej Stanisław
Published: April 2020

Since 1989, cultural expertise has emerged as a crucial factor in navigating Poland's communist past. The use of cultural expertise provided by historians was institutionalized in 1999, when the Institute of National Remembrance was created and charged with prosecuting Nazi and communist crimes, as well as assisting with the belated decommunization. Expert historians are requested by courts and other institutions to provide opinions in cases ranging from alleged collaboration with communist secret services, withdrawal of veteran status bestowed to soldiers of communist military units fighting the Polish resistance movement, awarding compensation to victims of German concentration and labour camps, to changing names of places named after prominent Party activists. Using this expertise requires the courts to understand the intricacies of recent Polish history, such as the operational methodology and archival practices of communist secret services, or the complex interplay of motives to collaborate (or not) with foreign oppressors. In this paper, the new salience of historical expertise for the Polish courts is analysed within the framework of Honneth's (1995) ‘struggle for recognition’ and Haldemann's (2008) work on the symbolic role of courts in transitional justice contexts.
Intimate Violence in Colonial Bengal: A Death, a Trial and a Law, 1889–1891
Authors: Sarkar Tanika
Published: April 2020

Much excellent work has been done on the colonial Act X of 1891. Yet, three important contexts have largely gone missing. One is the framework of colonial Personal Laws where the practice of infantile marital cohabitation was embedded till it migrated to criminal laws. Unless we comprehend how the framework constrained judicial decisions and legal interventions, no single law can possibly make full sense. There were highly acrimonious public debates, too, especially in Bengal and Bombay Presidencies, that significantly shaped the Act. Legal reform in the field of gender, I argue, grew more out such debates than from colonial initiatives.
Reopening Pandora's Box in Search of a WTO-Compatible Industrial Policy? TheBrazil–TaxationDispute
Authors: Ornelas Emanuel , Puccio Laura
Published: April 2020

We critically assess the Appellate Body (AB) report on theBrazil–Taxationdispute, taken to the World Trade Organisation by the European Union and Japan, and encompassing seven different Brazilian industrial programmes granting tax benefits to different firms and products. The trigger of the dispute was most likely the automotive sector programme, instituted under pressure from the local industry and without much attention to effects on consumers or imports. The resulting WTO case underscores some salient issues related to the WTO compatibility of subsidy programmes, in particular the application of the National Treatment rules to subsidies provided exclusively to domestic producers, and the identification of local content requirements, prohibited under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM). The AB diverged from the Panel report and its jurisprudence on those issues. The AB tried to reconcile the existence of legitimate eligibility criteria in subsidy programmes and their discriminatory features with WTO rules under the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the SCM. However, the legal test, developed by the AB in this dispute to distinguish prohibited local content requirements from legitimate eligibility criteria, may facilitate circumvention of the SCM prohibition of local content requirements and have important impacts on trade flows.
The Gordian Knot of Disposition Theory
Authors: Grizzard Matthew , Huang Jialing , Ahn Changhyun , Fitzgerald Kaitlin , Francemone C. Joseph , Walton Jess
Published: April 2020

Abstract. Morally ambiguous characters are often perceived to challenge Zillmann’s affective disposition theory of drama. At the heart of this challenge is the question: “To what extent can liking be independent of character morality?” The current study examines this question with a 2 (Disposition: Positive vs. Negative) × 3 (Character Type: Hero, Antihero, Villain) between-subjects factorial experiment that induces variance in liking and morality. We assess the influence of these orthogonal manipulations on measured liking and morality. Main effects of both manipulations on the measured variables emerged, with a significant correlation between measures. Regression analyses further confirm that liking is associated with perceived morality and vice versa. Because variance in morality was induced by the liking manipulation and variance in liking was induced by the morality manipulation, the assumptions of disposition theory regarding morality and liking seem accurate. Future research directions are provided that may help reconcile and integrate the seeming challenge of morally ambiguous characters with affective disposition theory.
Negativity Wins at Last
Authors: Kümpel Anna S. , Unkel Julian
Published: April 2020

Abstract. A number of studies show that user comments on news websites can affect news-related judgments and perceptions. However, with news organizations increasingly shifting their comment sections to social network sites (SNS), questions arise about whether this alters previously observed effects. Instead of encountering comments “below the line,” SNS provoke a reversed direction of exposure, suggesting that comments might be read before the news article. Addressing the implications of this shift in direction of exposure, we conducted a preregistered experiment with German participants ( N = 630), in which we varied comment presentation order (before vs. after the article) and comment valence (positive vs. negative) and assessed how these factors influence the way individuals perceive the journalistic quality of commented news articles. The data provide evidence for a negativity bias and presentation order effects, with negative comments showing distinct effects on quality perceptions, particularly when presented after the article.
Microbial Mechanisms Change with the Seasons
Authors: Thompson Elizabeth
Published: April 2020

Microbes living in the sand on a barrier island alter the way they break down organic matter as their environment changes throughout the year, which has implications for the surrounding water column.
During a Pandemic, Is Oceangoing Research Safe?
Authors: Duncombe Jenessa
Published: April 2020

With research cruises postponed, scientists are trying to get home safe, and others worry about the fate of their instruments left at sea.
H3K79me2/3 controls enhancer–promoter interactions and activation of the pan-cancer stem cell marker PROM1/CD133 in MLL-AF4 leukemia cells
Authors: Godfrey Laura , Crump Nicholas T. , O’Byrne Sorcha , Lau I-Jun , Rice Siobhan , Harman Joe R. , Jackson Thomas , Elliott Natalina , Buck Gemma , Connor Christopher , Thorne Ross , Knapp David J. H. F. , Heidenreich Olaf , Vyas Paresh , Menendez Pablo , Inglott Sarah , Ancliff Philip , Geng Huimin , Roberts Irene , Roy Anindita , Milne Thomas A.
Published: April 2020

MLL gene rearrangements (MLLr) are a common cause of aggressive, incurable acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALL) in infants and children, most of which originate in utero. The most common MLLr produces an MLL-AF4 fusion protein. MLL-AF4 promotes leukemogenesis by activating key target genes, mainly through recruitment of DOT1L and increased histone H3 lysine-79 methylation (H3K79me2/3). One key MLL-AF4 target gene is PROM1, which encodes CD133 (Prominin-1). CD133 is a pentaspan transmembrane glycoprotein that represents a potential pan-cancer target as it is found on multiple cancer stem cells. Here we demonstrate that aberrant PROM1/CD133 expression is essential for leukemic cell growth, mediated by direct binding of MLL-AF4. Activation is controlled by an intragenic H3K79me2/3 enhancer element (KEE) leading to increased enhancer–promoter interactions between PROM1 and the nearby gene TAPT1. This dual locus regulation is reflected in a strong correlation of expression in leukemia. We find that in PROM1/CD133 non-expressing cells, the PROM1 locus is repressed by polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) binding, associated with reduced expression of TAPT1, partially due to loss of interactions with the PROM1 locus. Together, these results provide the first detailed analysis of PROM1/CD133 regulation that explains CD133 expression in MLLr ALL.
Novel HADHB mutations in a patient with mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency
Authors: Nakama Mina , Sasai Hideo , Kubota Mitsuru , Hasegawa Yuki , Fujiki Ryoji , Okuyama Torayuki , Ohara Osamu , Fukao Toshiyuki
Published: April 2020

We encountered a patient with mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency in whom the corresponding mutations were not identified by a DNA panel for newborn screening for targeted diseases. After diagnosis confirmation by an enzyme assay and immunoblotting using the autopsied liver, the re-evaluation of the panel data indicated a heterozygous deletion of exons 6–9 that was later confirmed at the genomic level. cDNA analysis also identified exonization of the 5′ region of intron 9 caused by a deep intronic mutation, c.811 + 82A>G.
Coexistence of nontrivial topological properties and strong ferromagnetic fluctuations in quasi-one-dimensional A2Cr3As3
Authors: Xu Chenchao , Wu Ninghua , Zhi Guo-Xiang , Lei Bing-Hua , Duan Xu , Ning Fanlong , Cao Chao , Chen Qijin
Published: April 2020

Superconductivity in crystals without inversion symmetry has received extensive attention due to its unconventional pairing and possible nontrivial topological properties. Using first-principles calculations, we systemically study the electronic structure of noncentrosymmetric superconductors A2Cr3As3 (A = Na, K, Rb, and Cs). Topologically protected triply degenerate points connected by one-dimensional arcs appear along the C3 axis, coexisting with strong ferromagnetic (FM) fluctuations in the non-superconducting state. Within random phase approximation, our calculations show that strong enhancements of spin fluctuations are present in K2Cr3As3 and Rb2Cr3As3 and are substantially reduced in Na2Cr3As3 and Cs2Cr3As3. Symmetry analysis of pairing gap Δ(k) and spin–orbit coupling gk suggest that the arc surface states may also exist in the superconducting state, giving rise to possible nontrivial topological properties.
Author Correction: The GenTree Dendroecological Collection, tree-ring and wood density data from seven tree species across Europe
Authors: Martínez-Sancho Elisabet , Slámová Lenka , Morganti Sandro , Grefen Claudio , Carvalho Barbara , Dauphin Benjamin , Rellstab Christian , Gugerli Felix , Opgenoorth Lars , Heer Katrin , Knutzen Florian , von Arx Georg , Valladares Fernando , Cavers Stephen , Fady Bruno , Alía Ricardo , Aravanopoulos Filippos , Avanzi Camilla , Bagnoli Francesca , Barbas Evangelos , Bastien Catherine , Benavides Raquel , Bernier Frédéric , Bodineau Guillaume , Bastias Cristina C. , Charpentier Jean-Paul , Climent José M. , Corréard Marianne , Courdier Florence , Danusevicius Darius , Farsakoglou Anna-Maria , García del Barrio José M. , Gilg Olivier , González-Martínez Santiago C. , Gray Alan , Hartleitner Christoph , Hurel Agathe , Jouineau Arnaud , Kärkkäinen Katri , Kujala Sonja T. , Labriola Mariaceleste , Lascoux Martin , Lefebvre Marlène , Lejeune Vincent , Le-Provost Grégoire , Liesebach Mirko , Malliarou Ermioni , Mariotte Nicolas , Matesanz Silvia , Michotey Célia , Milesi Pascal , Myking Tor , Notivol Eduardo , Pakull Birte , Piotti Andrea , Plomion Christophe , Pringarbe Mehdi , Pyhäjärvi Tanja , Raffin Annie , Ramírez-Valiente José A. , Ramskogler Kurt , Robledo-Arnuncio Juan J. , Savolainen Outi , Schueler Silvio , Semerikov Vladimir , Spanu Ilaria , Thévenet Jean , Tollefsrud Mari Mette , Turion Norbert , Veisse Dominique , Vendramin Giovanni Giuseppe , Villar Marc , Westin Johan , Fonti Patrick
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Study loading capacties of air pollutant emissions for developing countries: a case of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Ho Bang Quoc , Vu Khue Hoang Ngoc , Nguyen Tam Thoai , Nguyen Hang Thi Thuy , Ho Dung Minh , Nguyen Hien Nhu , Nguyen Thuy Thi Thu
Published: April 2020

Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) is one of the cities in developing countries where many concentrations of air pollutants exceeded the Vietnam national technical regulation in ambient air quality including TSP, NOx, Ozone and CO. These high pollutant concentrations have destroyed the human health of people in HCMC. Many zones in HCMC can’t receive more air pollutants. The objectives of this research are: (i) Air quality modeling over HCMC by using the TAPM-CTM system model by using a bottom up air emission inventory; and (ii) Study loading capactities of air pollutant emissions over Ho Chi Minh City. Simulations of air pollution were conducted in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), the largest city of Vietnam by using the TAPM-CTM model. The model performance was evaluated using observed meteorological data at Tan Son Hoa station and air quality data at the Ho Chi Minh City University of Science. The model is then applied to simulate a retire 1-year period to determine the levels of air pollutants in HCMC in 2017, 2025 and 2030. The results show that the highest concentrations of CO, NO2, and O3 in 2017 exceeded the National technical regulation in ambient air quality (QCVN 05:2013) 1.5, 1.5, and 1.1 times, respectively. These values also will increase in 2025 and 2030 if the local government does not have any plan for the reduction of emissions, especially, SO2 in 2030 also will be 1.02 times higher than that in QCVN 05:2013. The emission zoning was initially studied by calculating and simulating the loading capacities of each pollutant based on the highest concentration and the National technical regulation in ambient air quality. The results show that the center of HCMC could not receive anymore the emission, even needs to reduce half of the emission. Under the easterly prevailing wind in the dry season, the high pollution was more likely to be experienced in the west of Ho Chi Minh. In contrast, the eastern regions were the upwind areas and the pollutants could transport to the downwind sectors. It was recommended that the best strategy for emission control in HCMC is avoiding industrial and urban development in the upwind areas to achieve better air quality for both areas. In the case of necessity to choose one area for development, the downwind sector is preferred. The results show that TAPM-CTM performed well as applied to simulate the air quality in HCMC and is a promising tool to study the emission zoning.
Author Correction: Transcriptome analyses reveal the synergistic effects of feeding and eyestalk ablation on ovarian maturation in black tiger shrimp
Authors: Sittikankaew Kanchana , Pootakham Wirulda , Sonthirod Chutima , Sangsrakru Duangjai , Yoocha Thippawan , Khudet Jutatip , Nookaew Intawat , Uawisetwathana Umaporn , Rungrassamee Wanilada , Karoonuthaisiri Nitsara
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Antarctic root endophytes improve physiological performance and yield in crops under salt stress by enhanced energy production and Na+ sequestration
Authors: Molina-Montenegro Marco A. , Acuña-Rodríguez Ian S. , Torres-Díaz Cristian , Gundel Pedro E. , Dreyer Ingo
Published: April 2020

Climatic change is pointed as one of the major challenges for global food security. Based on current models of climate change, reduction in precipitations and in turn, increase in the soil salinity will be a sharp constraint for crops productivity worldwide. In this context, root fungi appear as a new strategy to improve plant ecophysiological performance and crop yield under abiotic stress. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the two fungal endophytes Penicillium brevicompactum and P. chrysogenum isolated from Antarctic plants on nutrients and Na+ contents, net photosynthesis, water use efficiency, yield and survival in tomato and lettuce, facing salinity stress conditions. Inoculation of plant roots with fungal endophytes resulted in greater fresh and dry biomass production, and an enhanced survival rate under salt conditions. Inoculation of plants with the fungal endophytes was related with a higher up/down-regulation of ion homeostasis by enhanced expression of the NHX1 gene. The two endophytes diminished the effects of salt stress in tomato and lettuce, provoked a higher efficiency in photosynthetic energy production and an improved sequestration of Na+ in vacuoles is suggested by the upregulating of the expression of vacuolar NHX1 Na+/H+ antiporters. Promoting plant-beneficial interactions with root symbionts appears to be an environmentally friendly strategy to mitigate the impact of climate change variables on crop production.
On the Possibility of Helium Adsorption in Nitrogen Doped Graphitic Materials
Authors: Sahoo Sudhir K. , Heske Julian , Azadi Sam , Zhang Zhenzhe , Tarakina Nadezda V. , Oschatz Martin , Khaliullin Rustam Z. , Antonietti Markus , Kühne Thomas D.
Published: April 2020

The potassium salt of polyheptazine imide (K–PHI) is a promising photocatalyst for various chemical reactions. From powder X–ray diffraction data an idealized structural model of K–PHI has been derived. Using atomic coordinates of this model we defined an energetically optimized K–PHI structure, in which the K ions are present in the pore and between the PHI–planes. The distance between the anion framework and K+ resembles a frustrated Lewis pair-like structure, which we denote as frustrated Coulomb pair that results in an interesting adsorption environment for otherwise non-adsorbing, non-polar gas molecules. We demonstrate that even helium (He) gas molecules, which are known to have the lowest boiling point and the lowest intermolecular interactions, can be adsorbed in this polarized environment with an adsorption energy of  − 4.6 kJ mol−1 per He atom. The interaction between He atoms and K–PHI is partially originating from charge transfer, as disclosed by our energy decomposition analysis based on absolutely localized molecular orbitals. Due to very small charge transfer interactions, He gas adsorption saturates at 8 at%, which however can be subject to further improvement by cation variation.
Author Correction: Dual orexin receptor antagonist induces changes in core body temperature in rats after exercise
Authors: Martin Tristan , Dauvilliers Yves , Koumar Ouma-Chandrou , Bouet Valentine , Freret Thomas , Besnard Stéphane , Dauphin François , Bessot Nicolas
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Biomarker Exploration in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells for Monitoring Sulforaphane Treatment Responses in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Liu Hua , Zimmerman Andrew W. , Singh Kanwaljit , Connors Susan L. , Diggins Eileen , Stephenson Katherine K. , Dinkova-Kostova Albena T. , Fahey Jed W.
Published: April 2020

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders with no drugs treating the core symptoms and no validated biomarkers for clinical use. The multi-functional phytochemical sulforaphane affects many of the biochemical abnormalities associated with ASD. We investigated potential molecular markers from three ASD-associated physiological pathways that can be affected by sulforaphane: redox metabolism/oxidative stress; heat shock response; and immune dysregulation/inflammation, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy donors and patients with ASD. We first analyzed the mRNA levels of selected molecular markers in response to sulforaphane ex vivo treatment in PBMCs from healthy donors by real-time quantitative PCR. All of the tested markers showed quantifiability, accuracy and reproducibility. We then compared the expression levels of those markers in PBMCs taken from ASD patients in response to orally-delivered sulforaphane. The mRNA levels of cytoprotective enzymes (NQO1, HO-1, AKR1C1), and heat shock proteins (HSP27 and HSP70), increased. Conversely, mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2 and TNF-α) decreased. Individually none is sufficiently specific or sensitive, but when grouped by function as two panels, these biomarkers show promise for monitoring pharmacodynamic responses to sulforaphane in both healthy and autistic humans, and providing guidance for biomedical interventions.
Author Correction: Evidence of salt accumulation in beach intertidal zone due to evaporation
Authors: Geng Xiaolong , Boufadel Michel C. , Jackson Nancy L.
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: PHF14: an innate inhibitor against the progression of renal fibrosis following folic acid-induced kidney injury
Authors: Yang Bo , Chen Sixiu , Wu Ming , Zhang Lin , Ruan Mengna , Chen Xujiao , Chen Zhengjun , Mei Changlin , Mao Zhiguo
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Accurate and rapid discrimination of cigarette and household decoration material ash residues by negative chemical ionization TOFMS via acid-enhanced evaporation
Authors: Liu Shujun , Xie Yuanyuan , Song Ximing
Published: April 2020

The detection and identification of cigarette ash in fire debris can be meaningful in fire investigations caused by burning cigarettes. In this work, a novel analytical method based on negative chemical ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (NCI/TOFMS) combined with a phosphoric-acid-enhanced evaporation strategy has been developed for the discrimination of cigarette ash samples (CAs) and common household decoration material ash samples (CHDMAs). A series of characteristic ions representing the acidified products HNCO and formic acid in the CAs were achieved, whose signal responses were enhanced with the help of mechanical agitation operation. To account for both the signal responses of the characteristic ions and acid corrosion of the ion source, the dynamic-purge gas was chosen to be 200 mL/min. The whole time for analysis was only 5 min, which is suitable for high-throughput measurements of large quantities of fire debris. As a result, a preliminary discrimination was achieved between the CAs and CHDMAs by virtue of the chemometric tool of principal components analysis (PCA) based on intensity differences of the characteristic ions. The results are encouraging and highlight the potential of NCI/TOFMS without complicated sample preparation steps for the accurate and high-throughput identification of cigarette ash on substrates in fire debris.
Publisher Correction: Modernizing and designing evaluation frameworks for connected sensor technologies in medicine
Authors: Coravos Andrea , Doerr Megan , Goldsack Jennifer , Manta Christine , Shervey Mark , Woods Beau , Wood William A.
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Lifestyle mediates the role of nutrient-sensing pathways in cognitive aging: cellular and epidemiological evidence
Authors: de Lucia Chiara , Murphy Tytus , Steves Claire J. , Dobson Richard J. B. , Proitsi Petroula , Thuret Sandrine
Published: April 2020

Aging induces cellular and molecular changes including modification of stem cell pools. In particular, alterations in aging neural stem cells (NSCs) are linked to age-related cognitive decline which can be modulated by lifestyle. Nutrient-sensing pathways provide a molecular basis for the link between lifestyle and cognitive decline. Adopting a back-translation strategy using stem cell biology to inform epidemiological analyses, here we show associations between cellular readouts of NSC maintenance and expression levels of nutrient-sensing genes following NSC exposure to aging human serum as well as morphological and gene expression alterations following repeated passaging. Epidemiological analyses on the identified genes showed associations between polymorphisms in SIRT1 and ABTB1 and cognitive performance as well as interactions between SIRT1 genotype and physical activity and between GRB10 genotype and adherence to a Mediterranean diet. Our study contributes to the understanding of neural stem cell molecular mechanisms underlying human cognitive aging and hints at lifestyle modifiable factors.
Pan-cancer molecular analysis of the RB tumor suppressor pathway
Authors: Knudsen Erik S. , Nambiar Ram , Rosario Spencer R. , Smiraglia Dominic J. , Goodrich David W. , Witkiewicz Agnieszka K.
Published: April 2020

The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB1) plays a critical role in coordinating multiple pathways that impact cancer initiation, disease progression, and therapeutic responses. Here we probed molecular features associated with the RB-pathway across 31 tumor-types. While the RB-pathway has been purported to exhibit multiple mutually exclusive genetic events, only RB1 alteration is mutually exclusive with deregulation of CDK4/6 activity. An ER+ breast cancer model with targeted RB1 deletion was used to identify signatures of CDK4/6 activity and RB-dependency (CDK4/6-RB integrated signature). This signature was prognostic in tumor-types with gene expression features indicative of slower growth. Single copy loss on chromosome 13q encompassing the RB1 locus is prevalent in many cancers, yielding reduced expression of multiple genes in cis, and is inversely related to the CDK4/6-RB integrated signature supporting a cause-effect relationship. Genes that are positively and inversely correlated with the CDK4/6-RB integrated signature define new tumor-specific pathways associated with RB-pathway activity.
Single-cell analysis of a mutant library generated using CRISPR-guided deaminase in human melanoma cells
Authors: Jun Soyeong , Lim Hyeonseob , Chun Honggu , Lee Ji Hyun , Bang Duhee
Published: April 2020

CRISPR-based screening methods using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology enable comprehensive profiling of gene perturbations from knock-out mutations. However, evaluating substitution mutations using scRNA-seq is currently limited. We combined CRISPR RNA-guided deaminase and scRNA-seq technology to develop a platform for introducing mutations in multiple genes and assessing the mutation-associated signatures. Using this platform, we generated a library consisting of 420 sgRNAs, performed sgRNA tracking analysis, and assessed the effect size of the response to vemurafenib in the human melanoma cell line, which has been well-studied via knockout-based drop-out screens. However, a substitution mutation library screen has not been applied and transcriptional information for mechanisms of action was not assessed. Our platform permits discrimination of several candidate mutations that function differently from other mutations by integrating sgRNA candidates and gene expression readout. We anticipate that our platform will enable high-throughput analyses of the mechanisms related to a variety of biological events.
Author Correction: Constitutive alterations in vesicular trafficking increase the sensitivity of cells from celiac disease patients to gliadin
Authors: Lania Giuliana , Nanayakkara Merlin , Maglio Mariantonia , Auricchio Renata , Porpora Monia , Conte Mariangela , De Matteis Maria Antonietta , Rizzo Riccardo , Luini Alberto , Discepolo Valentina , Troncone Riccardo , Auricchio Salvatore , Barone Maria Vittoria
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Nonreciprocal Landau–Zener tunneling
Authors: Kitamura Sota , Nagaosa Naoto , Morimoto Takahiro
Published: April 2020

Application of strong dc electric field to an insulator leads to quantum tunneling of electrons from the valence band to the conduction band, which is a famous nonlinear response known as Landau-Zener tunneling. One of the growing interests in recent studies of nonlinear responses is nonreciprocal phenomena where transport toward the left and the right differs. Here, we theoretically study Landau-Zener tunneling in noncentrosymmetric systems, i.e., the crystals without spatial inversion symmetry. A generalized Landau-Zener formula is derived, taking into account the geometric nature of the wavefunctions. The obtained formula shows that nonreciprocal tunneling probability originates from the difference in the Berry connections of the Bloch wavefunctions across the band gap, i.e., shift vector. We also discuss application of our formula to tunneling in a one-dimensional model of a ferroelectrics.
Moving flux quanta cool superconductors by a microwave breath
Authors: Dobrovolskiy O. V. , González-Ruano C. , Lara A. , Sachser R. , Bevz V. M. , Shklovskij V. A. , Bezuglyj A. I. , Vovk R. V. , Huth M. , Aliev F. G.
Published: April 2020

Almost any use of a superconductor implies a non-equilibrium state. Remarkably, while a sufficiently high-power electromagnetic field of GHz frequency can stimulate superconductivity, fast motion of magnetic flux quanta (Abrikosov vortices) can trigger an instability abruptly quenching the superconducting state. Here, we show that such dynamical quenching of the vortex state in Nb thin films can be advanced or delayed by tuning the power and frequency of the microwave ac stimulus added to a dc bias current. The experimental findings are supported by time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau simulations and they can be explained, qualitatively, based on a model of “breathing mobile hot spots”, implying a competition of heating and cooling of quasiparticles along the trajectories of moving fluxons whose core sizes vary in time. In addition, we demonstrate universality of the stimulation effect on the thermodynamic and transport properties of type II superconductors.
Three-component aminoselenation of alkenes via visible-light enabled Fe-catalysis
Authors: Huang Binbin , Li Yanan , Yang Chao , Xia Wujiong
Published: April 2020

A visible-light-enabled, iron-catalyzed three-component reaction for difunctionalization of alkenes with amines and diselenides has been developed, wherein a photo-excitable Fe-amine complex is proposed as the key intermediate.
Protein modification by thiolactone homocysteine chemistry: a multifunctionalized human serum albumin theranostic
Authors: Popova Tatyana V. , Krumkacheva Olesya A. , Burmakova Anna S. , Spitsyna Anna S. , Zakharova Olga D. , Lisitskiy Vladimir A. , Kirilyuk Igor A. , Silnikov Vladimir N. , Bowman Michael K. , Bagryanskaya Elena G. , Godovikova Tatyana S.
Published: April 2020

A tamoxifen–homocysteine conjugate provides a tool to prepare a multifunctionalized albumin theranostic with a significant cytotoxicity on the malignant cells.
Solution and solid state studies of hydrogen bonding in substituted oxazolidinones by spectroscopic and quantum chemical methods
Authors: Jednačak Tomislav , Majerić Elenkov Maja , Hrenar Tomica , Sović Karlo , Parlov Vuković Jelena , Novak Predrag
Published: April 2020

Bioactive oxazolidinones formed dimers in chloroform and solid state; in more polar solvents, hydrogen bonds with solvent molecules were observed.
Towards the understanding of the gold interaction with AIII-BV semiconductors at the atomic level
Authors: Jany B. R. , Janas A. , Piskorz W. , Szajna K. , Kryshtal A. , Cempura G. , Indyka P. , Kruk A. , Czyrska-Filemonowicz A. , Krok F.
Published: April 2020

Comprehensive and systematic experimental studies of the Au interactions with the AIII-BV surface at the atomic level with chemical sensitivity shed new light on the fundamental Au/AIII-BV interactions at the atomic scale.
Characterizing the fluid–matrix affinity in an organogel from the growth dynamics of oil stains on blotting paper
Authors: Zhang Qierui , Mugele Frieder , Lugt Piet M. , van den Ende Dirk
Published: April 2020

Fluid–matrix affinity in an organogel is characterized by capillarity-induced oil release using absorbing paper.
Rational design and resolution of the mystery of the structure of Cyclo[18]carbon
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Z. , Edvinsson Tomas
Published: April 2020

A solid-state carbon allotrope cyclo[18]carbon has been isolated at cryogenic temperatures, and its bonding structure revealed.
Amphetamine decorated cationic lipid nanoparticles cross the blood–brain barrier: therapeutic promise for combating glioblastoma
Authors: Saha Soumen , Yakati Venu , Shankar Gajji , Jaggarapu Madan Mohan Chandra Sekhar , Moku Gopikrishna , Madhusudana Kuncha , Banerjee Rajkumar , Ramkrishna Sistla , Srinivas Ragampeta , Chaudhuri Arabinda
Published: April 2020

BBB-crossing amphetamine decorated cationic lipid nanoparticle co-loaded with paclitaxel and PDL-1 siRNA enhances survivability of orthotopic glioblastoma bearing mice.
Ferroelectricity of trimethylammonium bromide below room temperature
Authors: Gao Zhangran , Wu Yuying , Tang Zheng , Sun Xiaofan , Yang Zixin , Cai Hong-Ling , Wu X. S.
Published: April 2020

Ferroelectricity of trimethylammonium bromide was discovered near room temperature, which undergoes a first-order paraelectric–ferroelectric phase transition at the Curie temperature around 286 K.
Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in Chinese mitten crabs (Eriocheir sinensis) using modified QuEChERS followed by GC-MS
Authors: Liu Ting , Zhou Jianguang , He Li , Gan Jinhua
Published: April 2020

A new QuEChERS method followed by GC-MS was developed for the simultaneous analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in Chinese mitten crabs.
A three-in-one crystal of mixed sized cucurbit[n]uril homologues
Authors: Danylyuk Oksana , Sashuk Volodymyr
Published: April 2020

Crystallization-driven self-assembly of three macrocyclic members of the cucurbit[n]uril family is explained by the cumulative effect of multiple C–H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Electrostatically gated nanofluidic membrane for ultra-low power controlled drug delivery
Authors: Di Trani Nicola , Silvestri Antonia , Sizovs Antons , Wang Yu , Erm Donald R. , Demarchi Danilo , Liu Xuewu , Grattoni Alessandro
Published: April 2020

Control of molecular diffusion through nanofluidic channels using electrostatic gating.
Polarized blue photoluminescence of mesoscopically ordered electrospun non-conjugated polyacrylonitrile nanofibers
Authors: Liao Xiaojian , Kahle Frank-Julian , Liu Bin , Bässler Heinz , Zhang Xinghong , Köhler Anna , Greiner Andreas
Published: April 2020

Electrospun fibres from the non-conjugated polymer polyacrylonitrile are aligned by heat-stretching. These aligned fibers emit polarized blue fluorescence and green phosphorescence.
Blaise reaction: synthesis, skeletal diversification of C(4) substituted 5-ylidenepyrrol-(5H)-ones and the role of the strategically located ester on the reactivity of the nitriles
Authors: Surya Prakash Rao H. , Padder Ashiq Hussain
Published: April 2020

We have achieved a simple and convenient synthesis of several C(4) substituted 5-ylidenepyrrol-(5H)-ones from 3-aryl/heteroaryl/alkyl 3-cyanopropionates and ethyl/methyl bromoacetates via a useful variation of the classical Blaise reaction.
Inhibition and molecular mechanism of diosmetin against xanthine oxidase by multiple spectroscopies and molecular docking
Authors: Liu Yongjie , Chen Hao , Xiang Huilong , Lei Huan , Zhang Di , Qiu Yinsheng , Xu Lingyun
Published: April 2020

Studying the inhibition and molecular mechanism of diosmetin against xanthine oxidase helps to develop natural product xanthine oxidase inhibitors.
Optimising FRET-efficiency of Nd3+-sensitised upconversion nanocomposites by shortening the emitter–photosensitizer distance
Authors: Lin Syue-Liang , Chang Cheng Allen
Published: April 2020

Nanocomposite NaYF4:Nd,Yb@Yb@Yb,Er@Y with Nd3+ in the core and Er3+ in the shell to shorten the emitter (Er3+)–photosensitizer distance to achieve better Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) for better-performing photo-nanotheranostic materials.
Construction of 2,3-disubstituted benzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophenes and benzo[4,5]selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophenes using the Fiesselmann thiophene synthesis
Authors: Irgashev Roman A. , Demina Nadezhda S. , Rusinov Gennady L.
Published: April 2020

A number of 2,3-disubstituted benzo[b]thieno[2,3-d]thiophenes and benzo[4,5]selenopheno[3,2-b]thiophenes have been obtained using a convenient approach based on the Fiesselmann thiophene synthesis.
Asymmetric synthesis of (−)-solanidine and (−)-tomatidenol
Authors: Wang Yun , Huang Guanxin , Shi Yong , Tian Wei-sheng , Zhuang Chunlin , Chen Fen-Er
Published: April 2020

The asymmetric synthesis of (−)-solanidine (1) and (−)-tomatidenol (2) has been achieved by employing a cascade ringswitching reaction and a cascade azide reduction/intramolecular reductive amination with 32% and 18.7% overall yields respectively.
A sponge-like small pore zeolite with great accessibility to its micropores
Authors: Haw Kok-Giap , Moldovan Simona , Tang Lingxue , Qin Zhengxing , Fang Qianrong , Qiu Shilun , Valtchev Valentin
Published: April 2020

The accessibility of SSZ-13 is enhanced by having a sponge-like structure after etching under neutral pH conditions.
Bone apatite anisotropic structure control via designing fibrous scaffolds
Authors: Lee Sungho , Nagata Fukue , Kato Katsuya , Nakano Takayoshi
Published: April 2020

Osteoblast alignment on the fibrous scaffolds as well as the subsequent apatite c-axis orientation increased with increasing fiber collecting speed. We successfully controlled cell alignment and apatite c-axis orientation using the designed morphology of fibrous scaffolds.
Correction: Novel near-infrared II aggregation-induced emission dots for in vivo bioimaging
Authors: Lin Jiacheng , Zeng Xiaodong , Xiao Yuling , Tang Lin , Nong Jinxia , Liu Yufang , Zhou Hui , Ding Bingbing , Xu Fuchun , Tong Hanxing , Deng Zixin , Hong Xuechuan
Published: April 2020

Correction for ‘Novel near-infrared II aggregation-induced emission dots for in vivo bioimaging’ by Jiacheng Lin et al., Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, 1219–1226.
Hexanedioic acid mediated in situ functionalization of interconnected graphitic 3D carbon nanofibers as Pt support for trifunctional electrocatalysts
Authors: Shanmugapriya Sathyanarayanan , Kasturi Palanisamy Rupa , Zhu Pei , Zhu Jiadeng , Yan Chaoyi , Zhang Xiangwu , Selvan Ramakrishnan Kalai
Published: April 2020

A unique approach of in situ functionalization has resulted in the uniform dispersion of Pt nanoparticles on the surface of hexanedioic acid modified electrospun 3D carbon nanofibers (ACNFs).
A P-doped PtTe mesoporous nanotube electrocatalyst
Authors: Wang Ziqiang , Zhang Hugang , Yin Shuli , Liu Songliang , Dai Zechuan , Xu You , Li Xiaonian , Wang Liang , Wang Hongjing
Published: April 2020

We report a dual-template method for synthesizing mesoporous P-doped PtTe nanotubes using trioctylphosphine as the phosphorus dopant towards methanol oxidation.
Interfacial and bulk properties of hole transporting materials in perovskite solar cells: spiro-MeTADversusspiro-OMeTAD
Authors: Sallenave Xavier , Shasti Mona , Anaraki Elham Halvani , Volyniuk Dmytro , Grazulevicius Juozas Vidas , Zakeeruddin Shaik M. , Mortezaali Abdollah , Grätzel Michael , Hagfeldt Anders , Sini Gjergji
Published: April 2020

Improving perovskite–HTM interface properties in solar cells is more important than just improving HTM hole mobility.
In situ filling of a robust carbon sponge with hydrogel electrolyte: a type of omni-healable electrode for flexible supercapacitors
Authors: Xia Liaoyuan , Huang Le , Qing Yan , Zhang Xueqin , Wu Yiqiang , Jiang Wenping , Lu Xihong
Published: April 2020

An omnidirectional electrode with excellent self-healing characteristics was constructed by integrating a 3D porous electrode material, self-healing hydrogel, and electrolyte.
Spatial targeting of Bcl-2 on endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in cancer cells by lipid nanoparticles
Authors: Pandey Shalini , Patil Sohan , Ballav Nirmalya , Basu Sudipta
Published: April 2020

The presence of the same proteins at different sub-cellular locations with completely different functions adds to the complexity of signalling pathways in cancer.
A surface photovoltaic effect-related high-performance photodetector based on a single CH3NH3PbI3 micro/nanowire
Authors: Zhou Huiying , Li Jianjun , Cheng Baochang
Published: April 2020

For the surface barrier-dominated two-terminal photodetector based on an individual CH3NH3PbI3 nanowire, it not only shows excellent sensitivity and responsivity to visible light, but also shows a photovoltaic effect upon illuminating one end.
ALD-based hydrothermal facile synthesis of a dense WO3@TiO2–Fe2O3 nanodendrite array with enhanced photoelectrochemical properties
Authors: Yuan Kai-Ping , Zhu Li-Yuan , Cao Qi , Ma Hong-Ping , Tao Jia-Jia , Huang Wei , Lu Hong-Liang
Published: April 2020

Nanoscale WO3@TiO2–Fe2O3 nanodendrite arrays with enhanced PEC performance are synthesized by an atomic layer deposition and hydrothermal process.
Non-layered ZnSb nanoplates for room temperature infrared polarized photodetectors
Authors: Chai Ruiqing , Chen Yunfeng , Zhong Mi , Yang Huai , Yan Faguang , Peng Meng , Sun Yujia , Wang Kaiyou , Wei Zhongming , Hu Weida , Liu Qijun , Lou Zheng , Shen Guozhen
Published: April 2020

Non-layered 2D ZnSb nanoplates are successfully synthesized to fabricate infrared polarized photodetectors, exhibiting, high responsivity, fast photoresponse speed, great stability, high anisotropic conductivity and linear polarization sensitivity.
Identification of epigenetic factor KAT2B gene variants for possible roles in congenital heart diseases
Authors: Hou Yong-Sheng , Wang Jing-Zhi , Shi Shuai , Han Ying , Zhang Yue , Zhi Ji-Xin , Xu Chao , Li Fei-Feng , Wang Gui-Yu , Liu Shu-Lin
Published: April 2020

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a group of anatomic malformations in the heart with high morbidity and mortality. The mammalian heart is a complex organ, the formation and development of which are strictly regulated and controlled by gene regulatory networks of many signaling pathways such as TGF-β. KAT2B is an important histone acetyltransferase epigenetic factor in the TGF-β signaling pathway, and alteration in the gene is associated with the etiology of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this work was to validate whether KAT2B variations might be associated with CHD. We sequenced the KAT2B gene for 400 Chinese Han CHD patients and evaluated SNPs rs3021408 and rs17006625. The statistical analyses and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium tests of the CHD and control populations were conducted by the software SPSS (version 19.0) and PLINK. The experiment-wide significance threshold matrix of LD correlation for the markers and haplotype diagram of LD structure were calculated using the online software SNPSpD and Haploview software. We analyzed the heterozygous variants within the CDS region of the KAT2B genes and found that rs3021408 and rs17006625 were associated with the risk of CHD.