bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potential Challenges and Opportunities in Iraq’s Future
Authors: Mirkan Hemin Hussein
Published: February 2021

The people of Mesopotamia are an ancient people who have experienced prosperity and poverty, authority and subjection, civilization and barbarism all together. The British, who won the first World War, were responsible for creating a new Iraq with many structural deficiencies. This inevitably led to structurally driven political, social and economic violence, which still entangles the people of Iraq. Arabs, Kurds, and other ethnoreligious minorities could not find a recipe that would glue all of Iraq together ever since [1]. The aspiration of Iraq’s ruler was always beyond the boundaries of the country, beyond nationalism. Over all previous centuries, it is hard to find a genuine nationalist who ruled Iraq with a sole focus on Iraqi’s wellbeing. They rather had supra-nationalist aspirations such as Arabism, Socialism, and currently Shi’ism [2]. This chapter tries to pinpoint the structural maladies of Iraq. Some have been created by external forces, inasmuch as Iraq has been the major arena for the bitter rivalry between the United States and Iran. However, this paper argues that main cause of the failing of Iraq as a state is manufactured by Iraqis themselves. This study uses an inside-out look at Iraq’s never-ending cycle of violence and distrust between the newly so-called “rivals” and the new “establishment.” It ultimately presents a set of recommendations pointing the way to alleviate the prolonged instability in the country.
Before and During Iraq: Was Insurgent Lethality Impacted by the Invasion of Iraq?
Authors: Fisher Daren , Asal Victor
Published: February 2021

Over the last 15 years, the literature on the impact of both the Iraq war and the September 11 terror attacks on the behavior of states and terrorist organizations has grown immensely. Despite this attention, there has been little research on how the invasion of Iraq impacted violent non-state actors (VNSAs), and particularly insurgent organizations killing of civilians and security personnel. Differentiating between the killing of police/military personnel and civilians is of key theoretical and policy importance, particularly if there are differences between the two in terms of insurgent behavior before and during the Iraq war. In this paper, we use the Big Allied and Dangerous Insurgency (BAADI) dataset to examine what factors impact the killing of police/military personnel and civilians by insurgent organizations between 1998 and 2012. We argue that before the invasion of Iraq, social and political factors influenced organizational lethality. During the Iraq war, however, we argue that this relationship changed because the United States and the West changed their policies and invested enormously in global resources to fighting non-state actors. Given this, the organizational factor that will determine an organization’s lethality would simply be the organization’s capability—captured most effectively by its size. Our analysis provides support for this argument.
The End of Self-Regulation: On the Role of Internet Intermediaries in Countering Terror
Authors: Cohen-Almagor Raphael
Published: February 2021

Terrorism is a significant concern worldwide. Criminals, jihadists, and terrorists are quick to use technology to protect their anonymity, privacy, modes of operation, and secret antisocial plans. They adapt to new innovations and exploit any technological advantages as means to ends. Clandestine operations are used to raise funds. Criminals, jihadists, and terrorists are working in international cells and rings that contest geographical boundaries and that require large resources and international security cooperation to obstruct their activities. Addressing these cross-country challenges require cross-country cooperation. The aim of this essay is to analyze the role of Internet intermediaries in countering online terror. I argue that Internet intermediaries can and should do far more than what they do to proactively fight online terrorism and that self-regulation is not effective enough. It is time for governments to step in and to protect vulnerable third parties by demanding that Internet intermediaries be vigilant and proactive in fighting terror. The idea of a new browser, CleaNet, is proposed to ensure a safe environment for Net users and for society at large.
Compromisso social com crianças, adolescentes e jovens em situação de vulnerabilidade: O papel da Extensão Universitária na área de Direitos Humanos e Justiça
Authors: Gonçalves Zappe Jana , Garcia Dias Ana Cristina , Magalhães Lordello Silvia Renata
Published: February 2021

Esta coletânea apresenta Projetos de Extensão universitária comprometidos com os direitos humanos e a justiça social, por meio de trabalhos voltados para crianças, adolescentes e jovens. São relatos de experiências exitosas em três campos que representam desafios significativos para boas práticas: socioeducação, educação e proteção social. Busca-se dar visibilidade à boa qualidade das intervenções realizadas pelos Projetos de Extensão universitária, que cumprem um papel fundamental no campo das políticas públicas brasileiras, desejando que sejam inspiradores para outros projetos.
Núcleo de Implementação da Excelência Esportiva e Manutenção da Saúde: A Extensão Universitária em Destaque
Authors: Cuozzo Lemos Luiz Fernando , Pranke Gabriel Ivan , Costa da Costa Leandra
Published: February 2021

O Núcleo de Implementação da Excelência Esportiva e Manutenção da Saúde (NIEEMS) é um espaço riquíssimo da extensão da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria junto à comunidade em geral. As diversas ações que este livro apresenta são belos exemplos de como o trabalho bem planejado pode provocar grandiosas mudanças sociais nos envolvidos.
EVALUATION OF CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PROFILE OF ANAEMIA PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Azad Bishwajit Prasad , Safi Papu Kumar , Sinha Sachin , Dhengle Annushree Kalyan
Published: February 2021

Background: Globally, anaemia is the burning health problem with significant disability associated with it. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is the commonest cause of anaemia more so in developing and underdeveloped part of world.

Aim: To provide clinical and laboratory profile of anaemia patients at a tertiary care hospital in Bihar, India.

Material and methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of General Medicine Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India from November 2019 to June 2020. In all 120 patients thorough history was taken, general physical examination and systemic examination were done. Patients were subjected to routine blood investigations including complete blood count, peripheral smear study and serology for viral markers.

Results: Among 120 patients studied 35(29.17%) were males and 85(70.83%) were females.  In our study it was found that anaemia had its highest occurrence in the age group of 20-30 years 65(57.17%) followed by below 20  year age group 25(20.83%). 59 (49.17%) were easy fatiguability and generalised weakness the most common symptoms of anaemia in our study.

Conclusion: We conclude that some extensive steps taken by WHO and Government bodies in educating and treating people about the disease.

Keywords: Anaemia, Clinical profile, Laboratory profile
A PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF HEPATIC PARAMETERS IN CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS
Authors: Agarwal Chirag , Mohan Shashank , Kumar Ashwini
Published: February 2021

Aim:  The aim of the study to find out the prevalence of liver function abnormalities in heart failure patients, pattern of elevation of liver enzymes and correlation of liver function tests with etiology, duration and of heart failure.

Material and methods: This is a prospective study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine Nalanda Medical College and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India from October 2019 to March 2020. The hepatic biochemical parameters like serum bilirubin (direct, indirect and total), serum AST and ALT, Serum alkaline phosphatase, Serum proteins and Prothrombin time were estimated.

Results: In present study mean age of patient was 57.68±11.78 years. Maximum number of patients was from 50 to 75 years of age that is 45 (56.25%). As per NYSA classification maximum number of cases were class II (46.25%) followed by class III (26.25%). Percentage of patients with class I were 18.75% and class IV were 8.75%. Maximum number of patients has disease from to 4-year duration that is 66.25%. Regarding clinical presentation of patient’s jaundice was present in 27.5%, hepatomegaly which was most commonly present that was 47.5%, ascites was present in 28.75% and congested hepatomegaly in USG (41.25%). Regarding hepatic biochemical parameters there is significant variation in serum bilirubin (mg/dl) parameter as per progress in class of heart failure (p=0.001). Serum bilirubin was 3.88±1.57 mg/dl in class IV and least in class I that is 1.132±0.28 mg/dl. Serum AST was highest in class IV 161.14±25.85 IU and least in class I that is 35.68±11.87 IU (p=0.001). Serum ALT was highest in class IV 188.98±35.85 IU and least in class I that is 35.11±10.56 (p=0.001). Serum ALP was highest in class IV 62.27±15.32 IU and least in class I that is 39.48±8.85 (p=0.01). Serum total protein (g/dl) was decreased as the heart failure progressed least in class IV 3.59±1.47 g/dl and highest in class I that is 6.78.14±2.14 gm/dl (p=0.05). Serum albumin (g/dl) was least in class IV 2.79±0.82 g/dl and highest in class I that is 4.75±0.85 gm/dl (p=0.034). Prothrombin time (sec) was highest in class IV 23.24±6.11 sec and least in class I that is 13.12±3.36 sec (p=0.01).

Conclusion: We conclude that heart failure was common in fifth and sixth decade of life and there was male predominance. Congested hepatomegaly was common presentation jaundice and ascites was also common. Change in biochemical parameters was increased with severity and duration of heart disease.

Keywords: heart failure, hepatomegaly, biochemical parameters
IDENTIFIKASI TINGKAT KEPENTINGAN FAKTOR KINERJA GREEN BUILDING PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Sedayu Agung
Published: February 2021

Kegiatan pembelajaran di pondok pesantren didukung oleh ketersediaan dan kinerja fasilitas fisik bangunan gedung yang dimiliki. Dukungan ini perlu diperhatikan mengingat peran penting pondok pesantren sebagai lembaga pendidikan ke-Islaman yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas sumber daya manusia Indonesia secara mental spiritual. Pondok pesantren terdiri atas ruang kelas, asrama, masjid, kantin, kantor, perpustakaan, dan lain-lain. Ruang atau gedung tersebut dipengaruhi oleh komponen fisik bangunan yang menunjang tingkat keselamatan, keamanan, dan kenyamanan bagi penggunanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat kepentingan faktor kinerja fasilitas bangunan pondok pesantren dengan berbasis prinsip bangunan ramah lingkungan (Green Building). Objek dan lokasi penelitian adalah pondok pesantren Al-Fatah Kabupaten Malang Jawa Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskripsi statistik tingkat kepentingan pengguna yang terdiri dari kiyai (ustad), santri, dan pengunjung. Hasil survei memperoleh sepuluh faktor kinerja meliputi Keamanan (Security), Keselamatan dan kesehatan (Safety and Healthy), Fungsi (Function), Estetika (Aesthetics), Kemudahan dan keterjangkauan (Easiness and Accessbility), Keandalan (Reliability), Daya tahan (Durability), Kenyamanan dan keteraturan (Comfortable and Regularity), Ketersediaan dan kapasitas (Availability and Capacity) dan Ramah Lingkungan (Eco-friendly). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara rata-rata untuk 10 faktor kinerja yang memiliki skor tingkat kepentingan pada skala penting (skala likert 4).Kata kunci: Identifikasi, tingkat kepentingan, kinerja, green building, pondok pesantren
PERFORMA EMBEDED BALOK PRECAST TIPE PIN WELDED PLATE PADA MOMEN MAKSIMUM
Authors: Hermawan A. Rudi , Mulya Eka Sasmita
Published: February 2021

Pengujian performa embeded balok Precast yang telah dilakukan menghasilkan beberapa data sebagai berikut (a) hasil kuat tekan beton (compressive strength) rerata yang dihasilkan adalah 434,22 kg/cm2 (b) hasil uji tarik rerata antara plat embedded dan plat sambung adalah 398,36 Mpa (c) hasil kuat tarik rerata antara plat sambung dengan tulangan D13 terhadaap kekuatan tarik plat adalah 465.70 Mpa dan terhadap kekuatan tarik tulangan adalah 570,01 Mpa (d) hasil kuat tarik tulangan D13 adalah 633 Mpa dan hasil kuat leleh (yield strength) adalah 441 Mpa (e) hasil kuat tarik plat tebal 4,57 mm adalah 451 Mpa dan kuat leleh (yield strength) adalah 331,2 Mpa.Untuk sambungan las perlu adanya perbaikan kualitas las agar tidak terjadi hasil las yang berongga dan mengakibatkan melemahkan kuat Tarik dari las itu sendiriKata kunci: reinforcement, tensile strength, embedded, yield strength
MODIFIKASI STRUKTUR GEDUNG DENGAN BETON PRACETAK PADA APARTEMEN THE CONEXIO
Authors: Devania Adita , Hermawan Andrias Rudi
Published: February 2021

Abstract  The Conexio Appartements in actual condition are designed using conventional reinforced concrete method and does not have good quality. While in the project also often afected by the weather. The use of precast concrete are having some excellence of them are not affected by the weather, well maintained quality, and earthquake resistant. The connection between the precast elements play an important role in precast buildings to make the buildings resistant to earthquake. This modification is intended to created earthquake resistant precast building  according to SNI 2847:2013 with good quality control. In this study, the building will be modified into 8 floors precast building as planned and reviewed which will be analyzed by ETABS. From the results of the modification according to SNI 1726:2012 and SNI 2847:2013 we obtained, main beam dimension 40x60cm, secondary beam 35x55 cm, column dimension 65x65 cm, overtopping 6 cm for slab and using Splice sleeve grout for column to column connection, lap splices 500mm for beam-column connection, and 30x40cm for concrete consol dimension.Keywords : Precast, Splice Sleeve, Wet Connection.Abstrak Apartemen The Conexio pada kondisi sebenarnya dirancang menggunakan metode konvensional dengan kondisi mutu yang kurang baik. Dalam pelaksanannya, proyek tersebut juga sering terganggu oleh cuaca. Penggunaan beton pracetak memiliki beberapa keunggulan diantaranya pelaksanaannya tidak terpengaruh oleh cuaca, memiliki mutu yang terjaga dan tahan gempa. Sambungan antar elemen pracetak sangat berperan penting dalam bangunan dengan beton pracetak yang tahan gempa sehingga perlu diperhitungkan sesuai dengan peraturan. Modifikasi ini ditujukan untuk menghasilkan gedung dengan pracetak yang tahan gempa sesuai dengan SNI 2847:2013 dengan pengendalian mutu yang baik. Dalam studi ini, gedung tersebut akan dilakukan modifikasi struktur menjadi beton pracetak dengan tinjauan 8 lantai dan analisa dibantu dengan software ETABS. Dari hasil modifikasi yang dilakukan, elemen-elemen pracetak sesuai dengan ketentuan SNI 1726:2012 dan SNI 2847:2013 yaitu meliputi ukuran balok induk 40x60cm, ukuran balok anak 35x55 cm, dengan kolom berdimensi 65x65 cm, tebal overtopping 6 cm pada pelat dan menggunakan Splice sleeve grout pada sambungan kolom, penyambungan balok-kolom dengan panjang penyaluran 500 mm dan penggunaan konsol pada kolom dengan dimensi 30x40cm. Kata kunci  : Beton Pracetak, Splice Sleeve, Sambungan Basah.
ANALISIS KELAYAKAN INVESTASI RELOKASI TOL PORONGGEMPOL AKIBAT TAMBAHAN LINGKUP PEKERJAAN
Authors: Sugama Agum Setya , Supriyadi Iwan
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTSurabaya–Gempol Toll Road is a toll that has operated since 1986, but in 2006 the Porong-Gempol route collapsed due to lapindo mud flow. Therefore, the toll road needs a relocation. On the construction of its relocation, additional scope of work was added and affected the feasibility of the investment which must be put into consideration for analyzing purposes in order to regain the initial feasibility value of 14.84% IRR. The forecast of cost and income analyzed with financial approach. The method used are Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) with a discount rate of 11.8%. The result of investment feasibility after additional scope of work shows that the NPV during concession period (39 years) is negative Rp459.150.000.000,00 and IRR at NPV = 0 is 9,55%. To return the feasibility value, concession period is must be increase to 50 years with adjustment of the toll fee to Rp1.625 in 2021 and Rp1.980 in 2023. It shows that NPV is Rp1.037.727.000.000,00 and IRR at NPV = 0 return to 14,84%.Keywords: Additional scope of work; Compensation; Feasibility; RelocationABSTRAKJalan Tol Surabaya-Gempol merupakan jalan tol yang sudah beroperasi sejak tahun 1986 akan tetapi pada tahun 2006 ruas tol Porong-Gempol terputus oleh lumpur lapindo sehingga perlu dilakukan relokasi. Dalam pembangunan relokasi ruas tol tersebut, terjadi tambahan lingkup pekerjaan sehingga membuat biaya investasi membengkak sehingga perlu diketahui pengaruhnya terhadap nilai kelayakan investasi proyek tersebut untuk kemudian dilakukan analisis dalam upaya pengembalian nilai kelayakan yaitu IRR sebesar 14,84% seperti kondisi awal. Prakiraan biaya dan pendapatan akan dianalisis dengan pendekatan finansial. Metode yang digunakan adalah Net Present Value (NPV) dan Internal Rate of Return (IRR) dengan discount rate 11,8%. Hasil evaluasi kelayakan investasi akibat tambahan lingkup pekerjaan menunjukkan bahwa NPV selama masa konsesi (39 tahun) adalah negatif Rp459.150.000.000,00 dan IRR pada NPV = 0 adalah 9,55%, nilai IRR ini lebih kecil dari discount rate yaitu 11,8%. Untuk mengembalikan nilai kelayakan, dilakukan skema kompensasi penambahan masa konsesi menjadi 50 tahun dan penyesuaian tarif tol baru menjadi Rp1.625,00 pada tahun 2021 dan Rp1.980,00 pada tahun 2023. Hasil dari skema kompensasi tersebut menunjukkan bahwa NPV sebesar Rp1.037.727.000.000,00 dan IRR pada NPV = 0 kembali ke nilai 14,84%.Kata kunci: Kelayakan; Kompensasi; Relokasi; Tambah Lingkup
PENERAPAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN MUTU ISO 9001 PADA KONTRAKTOR PT. X
Authors: Darmawan Arief , Wacono Sidiq , Saputra Jonathan
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACTInfrastructures development in Indonesia is experiencing a high increase. However, many construction failures were due to construction that was not following the predetermined quality. Data obtained from the Investigation of the PNK Technical Team in 2013 contained 5 cases of construction project failure handled by the authorities with a total loss of more than 5 billion to the state. The reality shows that many construction service businesses have names but do not have the supporting facilities. Therefore, data collection aims to analyze the application of the ISO 9001: 2015 application quality management system and its application constraints. Processing data use descriptive statistical analysis and using SPSS version 25 software. The data testing techniques used include validity, reliability, and descriptive hypothesis. The data was collected using a questionnaire method for construction employees in the Design Project for the Tanjung Barat Station Flats. This analysis indicates that the application of the ISO 9001: 2015 quality management system by taking into account all the points from clause 4 to clause 10 is 85.19% and is in the excellent category (80-100%). Factors that become obstacles in implementing ISO 9001: 2015 are due to the lack of socialization regarding the application of ISO 9001, documented information, and communication between project teams.Keywords : ISO 9001; ISO 9001:2015; Quality Management System.ABSTRAKPerkembangan infrastruktur di Indonesia sedang mengalami peningkatan yang tinggi. Tetapi, banyak ditemui kegagalan konstruksi yang disebabkan oleh pelaksanaan konstruksi yang tidak sesuai dengan kualitas yang sudah ditetapkan. Data yang diperoleh dari Investigasi Tim Teknis PNK pada tahun 2013 menunjukkan 5 kasus kegagalan proyek konstruksi yang ditangani pihak berwajib dengan nilai kerugian negara mencapai lebih dari 5 milyar. Kenyataan menunjukkan banyak usaha jasa konstruksi yang memiliki nama tetapi tidak memiliki fasilitas yang mendukung. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan pengambilan data yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan sistem manajemen mutu ISO 9001:2015 dan faktor kendala dalam penerapannya. Pengolahan data menggunakan uji hipotesis deskriptif dan menggunakan bantuan software SPSS versi 25. Teknik pengujian data yang digunakan meliputi uji validitas, uji reliabilitas dan hipotesis deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan metode kuesioner terhadap karyawan konstruksi yang terlibat dalam Proyek Rancang Bangun Rumah Susun Stasiun Tanjung Barat. Hasil analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa penerapan sistem manajemen mutu ISO 9001:2015 dengan memperhatikan seluruh butir dari klausul 4 sampai klausul 10 adalah sebesar 85,19% dan masuk kategori sangat baik (80-100%). Faktor yang menjadi kendala dalam penerapan ISO 9001:2015 adalah akibat kurangnya sosialisasi mengenai penerapan ISO 9001, informasi terdokumentasi, dan komunikasi antar tim proyek.Kata kunci : ISO 9001; ISO 9001:2015; Sistem Manajemen Mutu.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN DISIPLIN KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI PADA KANTOR CAMAT HU’U KABUPATEN DOMPU
Authors: Mirasantika Mirasantika
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara Budaya Organisasi dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja pegawai pada Kantor Camat Hu.u Kabupaten Dompu. Jenis penelitian  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Asosiatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini mengunakan observasi, wawancara, kuisioner dan studi pustaka. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 46 orang responden pegawai pada  Kantor Camat Hu.u Kabupaten Dompu. Adapun sampel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini  sebanyak 46 orang responden. Tehnik pengambilan sampel menggunakan tekhnik sampel jenuh. Tehnik Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan regresi linear berganda, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, koefisien korelasi sederhana, dan uji t dengan bantuan program SPSS 20 for windows. Koefisien menunjukan tingkat keeratan hubungan antara budaya organisasi dan disiplin kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja yaitu dalam hubungan yang kuat. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan tabel pedoman interval koefisien korelasi, koefisien  determinasi menunjukan  bahwa kepuasan kerja (Y) dipengaruhi oleh budaya organisasi (X1) dan disiplin kerja (X2) yaitu sebesar 49,1% , sedangkan sisanya sebesar 50,9% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain yang tidak termasuk dalam penelitian ini. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Secara parsial Budaya organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan kerja pegawai. Secara parsial Disiplin Kerja tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kepuasan kerja pegawai. Secara simultan Budaya organisasi dan Disiplin Kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasn kerja pegawai pada Kantor Camat Hu.u Kabupaten Dompu.
Bildung: Eine Studie, die auf dem UNESCO-Bericht über die vier Säulen des Wissens basiert
Authors: Rodrigues Zuleide Blanco
Published: February 2021

Diese Arbeit bezieht sich auf das für die UNESCO vorbereitete Werk “Bildung, ein Schatz zum Entdecken – Educação: Um Tesouro a Descobrir” von Jacques Delors über die vier Säulen des Wissens: Lernen, lernen, zu tun, zusammenzuleben und zu sein, eine bibliographische Forschung zu sein. Das Problem, das diese Arbeit motivierte, besteht darin, zu zeigen, dass die tiefgreifende Veränderung der traditionellen Rahmenbedingungen der menschlichen Existenz uns vor die neue Verpflichtung stellt, das andere soziale Wesen und die Welt um uns herum besser zu verstehen. Das allgemeine Ziel besteht darin, die Menschen, die mit dem Bildungsprozess verbunden sind, zu sensibilisieren, um zu erkennen, dass die Praxis der Erziehung heute auf der Ansicht beruht, dass die menschliche Person für äußere Faktoren zur Fürsorge gebracht wird, ohne die richtige Anstiftung zur Autonomie der Argumentation. Die Säulen haben spezifische Ziele: Menschen während des gesamten Lebens Bildung zu führen, den Weg der Selbsterkenntnis zu gehen, Persönlichkeit auf eine integrale Weise zu entwickeln; Teamgeist, Kreativität und Respekt vor Unterschieden zu festigen; von klein auf das Bewusstsein zu wecken, dass eine Erziehung, die auf den vier Säulen des Wissens basiert, die Führer der Zukunft bilden wird. Die Schlussfolgerung, die die Arbeit schließt, zeigt, dass die gegenwärtige Entwicklung der Gesellschaft, gegenüber der Produktionsmaschinerie, neue Propositheten der Absorption von Wissen, Herstellung, Koexistenz und sozialer Dimension in diesem Zeitalter des Wissens erfordert.
Leiaute (layout) e suas inter-relações nos sistemas produtivos
Authors: Goés Élida dos Santos , Zorzenon Rafael , João Plínio Gabriel , Zanquim Stivi Heverton
Published: February 2021

A decisão quanto a escolha do leiaute industrial é uma questão complexa, sendo que para a tomada dessa decisão é necessário a compreensão da operacionalização dos sistemas produtivos, que atendam à demanda do cliente e se alinhem às estratégias da empresa, assim como a análise das características das tipologias dos arranjos físicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a influência do arranjo físico nos processos produtivos. Para isso, foi realizado uma pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória visando um maior entendimento sobre os conceitos dos sistemas produtivos e o leiaute industrial, a fim de verificar a influência que esses elementos exercem. Os resultados demonstram que os aspectos da produção, volume e variedade, custos, investimentos em maquinários e pessoas, nível de serviço ao cliente, devem ser considerados ao adotar um tipo de leiaute. Pode-se concluir que o leiaute industrial adequado corrobora para a produtividade ao evitar movimentações desnecessárias, fluxos confusos, o que reduzirá os custos produtivos, elevando a competitividade das organizações empresariais.
PERBANDINGAN INTRUSION PREVENTION SYSTEM (IPS) PADA LINUX UBUNTU DAN LINUX CENTOS
Authors: Suryayusra Suryayusra , Irawan Dedi
Published: February 2021

Perkembangan teknologi yang Semakin hari semakin meningkat, kita di tuntut untuk meningkatkan system keamanan jaringan yang kita miliki, karena semakin mudahnya  orang bisa mengetahui tentang hacking dan cracking dan juga didukung oleh tools yang mudah didapatkan secara gratis. Dan untuk mencegah hal itu kita harus megamankan jaringan yang kita gunakan, untuk mengamankan jaringan tersebut peneliti menggunakan sebuah  metode keamanan yang bernama Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), merupakan media yang banyak digunakan dalam membangun sebuah system keamanan komputer, lalu IPS di gabungkan dengan menggunkan Teknik firewall dan metode Intrusioan Detection System, dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan sistem operasi Linux yaitu Ubuntu dan CentOS, karena linux merupakan software yang bersifat free/opensource sehingga untuk memperolehnya dapat diunduh secara gratis. Pada awalnya linux merupakan system operasi yang cocok untuk jaringan tapi sekarang linux sudah berubah menjadi system operasi yang tidak hanya handal dari segi jaringan dan server tapi juga sudah menjelma menjadi sistem operasi yang enak dipakai di lingkungan desktop baik untuk keperluan pribadi atau bahkan untuk perkantoran. Untuk mengamankan jaringan tersebut menggunakan sebuah mtode keamanan yaitu Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), juga dibantu dengan sebuah tools dalam sistem Operasi Linux yang  berfungsi sebagai alat untuk melakukan filter (penyaring) terhadap lalulintas data (trafic), yaitu IPTables.

 

Technological developments are increasing day by day, we are required to improve our network security system, because the easier it is for people to find out about hacking and cracking and it is also supported by tools that are easily available for free. And to prevent that we have to secure the network that we use, to secure the network researchers use a security method called the Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), which is a medium that is widely used in building a computer security system, then IPS is combined with using techniques. firewall and Intrusioan Detection System method, in this study the author uses the Linux operating system, namely Ubuntu and CentOS, because Linux is a free / opensource software so that it can be downloaded for free. Initially, linux was an operating system suitable for networking, but now linux has turned into an operating system that is not only reliable in terms of networks and servers but has also been transformed into an operating system that is comfortable to use in a desktop environment for personal use or even for offices. To secure the network using a security method, namely the Intrusion Prevention System (IPS), it is also assisted by a tool in the Linux operating system which functions as a tool for filtering data traffic, namely IPTables
PENGARUH KOMITMEN DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DI PT. WAHANA SEMESTER LINGGAU (HARIAN PAGI LINGGAU POS)
Authors: Suyadi Suyadi , Putri Inne Destina
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of commitment and job satisfaction on employee performance at PT. Wahana Semester Linggau (Daily Morning Linggau Pos) Lubuklinggau City. The method used is quantitative. The sample consisted of 32 people. The results of the study are the results of data analysis and discussion that has been described in the previous chapter, it can be concluded that 1) The results of the t test above can explain that the variable Commitment to Employee Performance at PT. Wahana Semester Linggau shows that tcount = 4.336 is greater than ttable = 2.042 with dk = 32 and a significant level of sig = 0.004, this means that partially the commitment variable has a significant effect on employee performance at PT. Linggau Semester rides. This proves the hypothesis in the research is proven and the hypothesis is accepted. 2) The results of the t test explain that the variable job satisfaction on employee performance at PT. Wahana Semester Linggau shows that tcount = 5.388 is greater than ttable = 2.042 with dk = 32 and a significant level of sig = 0.001, this means that partially the Job Satisfaction variable has a significant effect on Employee Performance at PT. Linggau Semester rides. This proves the hypothesis in the research is proven and the hypothesis is accepted. 3) The value of Fcount> Ftable means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, meaning that the Commitment variable (X1) and the Job Satisfaction variable (X2) have a significant effect on Employee Performance (Y) at PT. Linggau Semester rides.
PEMILIHAN SMA(SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS) SWASTA MENGGUNAKAN METODE CPI(COMPOSITE PERFORMANCE INDEX)
Authors: Tri Susilo Andri Anto , Sunardi Lukman
Published: February 2021

Pemilihan sekolah merupakan masalah utama bagi orangtua disimpulkan dari hasil beberapa pertanyaan kepada orangtua. Banyaknya pilihan sekolah yang masing-masing memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan serta kurang objektifnya data hasil analisa sehingga perlu dievaluasi berulangulang. SMA(Sekolah Menengah Atas)  merupakan jenjang pendidikan menengah atas pada pendidikan formal setelah lulus SMP (Sekolah Menengah Pertama). Jumlah siswa yang melanjutkan pendidikanke SMA Negeri sekitar 70% dan 30% sisanya akan melanjutkan pendidikan ke SMA Swasta. Bagi siswa yang akan melanjutkan pendidikan ke SMA swasta, orang tua dan siswa tersebut dipusingkan dengan banyaknya pilihan SMA swasta yang ada dengan berbagai keunggulan dan kekurangan. Metode CPI(Composite Performance Index) digunakan untuk memilih beberapa alternatif. Teknik CPI merupakan indeks gabungan (Composite Index) yang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan penilaian atau peringkat dari berbagai alternatif(i)
PERANCANGAN APLIKASI OLAP MENGGUNAKAN METODE CLUSTERING UNTUK ANALISIS DATA SIMPAN PINJAM ANGGOTA PADA KSP RIAS MUSI RAWAS
Authors: Sobri Ahmad
Published: February 2021

Penelitian dilakukan untuk Aplikasi hanya membahas tentang analisis data simpanan dan pinjaman anggota pada KSP RIAS Musi Rawas. Selain itu merancang dan mengimplementasikan aplikasi manajemen data OLAP untuk analisis data anggota untuk memudahkan pihak manajemen dalam menyediakan berbagai jenis informasi yang dapat mendukung dalam pengambilan keputusan strategi. Dan juga menganalisa dan mencoba membuat program manajemen data OLAP dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dan MYSQ. Pada penelitian ini bagian dari rancang bangun dibuat sesuai dengan pengunaan sistem secara online untuk melakukan transaksi simpan pinjam yang sesuai dengan kode atau urutan pada kartu anggota koperasi. Metode Clustering akan mempermudah nasabah dalam melihat saldo simpanan yang terdapat pada aplikasi OLAP sehingga dapat menaikkan simpanannya.
The Role of Science High School Optional Curriculum and Knowledge Coherence in the Science Academic Success of Students in the First Year of University Studies
Authors: Milo Mimoza , Xhomara Nazmi , Anila Paparisto Professor
Published: February 2021

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationships between the science high school optional curriculum, knowledge coherence, and science academic success of first-year students at university. The correlational quantitative approach, the structured questionnaire, and a non-random sample of students were selected to be used in the study. The study found a high positive correlation between science high school optional curriculum and science academic success variables (r = .608). It is also revealed that the total variance of science academic success explained by knowledge coherence level is 33.8%, the other variance may be explained by other variables. The study found that high school optional curriculum, as well as knowledge coherence, predicts science academic success.
Питання місця і ролі прокуратури України в системі поділу державної влади
Authors: Ionushas S. K.
Published: February 2021

Стаття присвячена дослідженню місця і ролі прокуратури України в системі поділу державної влади в контексті конституційної модернізації цього інституту. Розглянуто дискусійні питання правового змісту оновлених функцій прокуратури.
Метою статті є аналіз змісту конституційних функцій та повноважень прокуратури України з точки зору їх структурно-функціонального зв’язку із компетенцією органів законодавчої, виконавчої та судової влади.
Наукова новизна статті полягає у дослідженні ролі прокуратури в механізмі поділу державної влади на основі аналізу зв’язку конституційних функцій та повноважень органів прокуратури України з повноваженнями органів законодавчої, виконавчої та судової влади.
Висновки. Зміни до Конституції України щодо правосуддя формально об’єднали інститут прокуратури й інститут правосуддя та зумовили оновлення змісту конституційних функцій прокуратури. Така модернізація прокуратури останніми роками вкотре актуалізує дослідження питання її місця і ролі в системі поділу української влади. За змістом конституційних функцій та визначених у законодавстві повноважень компетенція органів прокуратури є дотичною до компетенції органів усіх гілок державної влади. Водночас, цей інститут має свою конституційно-правову природу і виконує особливу роль в механізмі стримувань і противаг. Компетенційно прокуратура не може бути «утиснута» в рамки якоїсь однієї з гілок влади – законодавчої, виконавчої чи судової. Інститут прокуратури перебуває в межах регулятивного впливу конституційного принципу поділу державної влади та запровадженого в Основному Законі України механізму стримувань і противаг. За своєю соціальною роллю прокуратура України є органом забезпечення законності, а отже, і верховенства права.
The protective effects of red beetroot (Beta vulgaris l.) against oxidative stress in rats induced by high fat and fructose diet
Authors: Rubi Dianandha Septiana , Pramana Abrory Agus Cahya , Sunarti
Published: February 2021

Background: One of consequence high-fat and fructose diet is oxidative stress. Consumption of antioxidants from red beetroot may increase antioxidant defense.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate red beetroot administration on improving antioxidant defense in rats induced high fat and fructose diet.

Methods: A total 20 male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: 1) normal control group (N), received standard diet; 2) High fat and fructose diet (HF), received high fat and fructose diet (HFFD); 8 weeks induction with HFFD and received 9g red beetroot (BA); and combination of HFFD and 9g of red beetroot from beginning of the study (HFBA). At the end of the study the levels of circulatory oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and catalase (CAT) gene expressions were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method.

Results: Induction HFFD increased the levels of circulatory ox-LDL levels compared to normal control (10.00±0.29 vs 12.69±0.57). Administration of red beetroot for 6 weeks and combination HFFD with red beetroot during the study significantly decreased ox-LDL levels compared to high fat and fructose group (12.69±0.57 vs 9.66±0.46) and (12.69±0.57 vs 8.59±0.18), respectively. The decreased circulatory ox-LDL levels were found negatively correlated with upregulation SOD2 (r=-0.548; P=0.012) and CAT (r=-0.460; P=0.041) gene expression in the liver tissues.

Conclusion: Administration of red beetroot may ameliorate oxidative stress in rats induced high-fat and fructose diet through increasing antioxidant defense.
Cytotoxic activity and selectivity index of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) extracts on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and vero normal cells line
Authors: Sozianty Dita , Febriansah Rifki
Published: February 2021

Background: Breast cancers occur because of an impaired balance between proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of breast glands. Natural products have potency as cytotoxic agents with less side effects than chemotherapy. One of the potential plants is Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Stennis (binahong), which contains flavonoid 8-glucopyranosyl- 4’,5,7-trihydroxy flavone compounds.

Objective: This study aims to determine the potency of binahong leaves extract as an anticancer for breast cancer in vitro and in silico.

Methods: Preliminary tests using molecular docking of 8-glucopyranosyl-4’,5,7-trihydroxyflavone compounds on Bcl-2 and HER-2 proteins. The extraction and fractionation were to obtain binahong extract. Thin layer chromatography to identify flavonoid compounds in the extract. DPPH assay was performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity. MTT assay was performed to evaluate cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and Vero cells.

Results: In silico test showed a stable bond between 8-glucopyranosyl- 4’,5,7-trihydroxylflavone, and Bcl-2 and HER-2 with a docking score of -7.5 kcal/mol and -8.0 kcal/mol, respectively. The binahong extract contain flavonoid compounds that had the retention factor value 0.78; 0.49; 0.35. Antioxidant test resulted IC50 value of 4940 μg/mL. Cytotoxic test resulted in IC50 value of 1073 μg/mL and 486 μg/mL for Vero cells and MCF-7 breast cancer cells, respectively. The comparison between IC50 produced a selectivity index value of 2.149, which shows that binahong extract was selective against MCF-7 breast cancers.

Conclusion: This study concluded that binahong extract has weak potency as anticancer agent on MCF-7 cells.
Divergence of romano-germanic and anglo-american legal systems
on the example of brexit
Authors: Humeniuk Tetjana
Published: February 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze topical issues of divergence of the Romano-Germanic and Anglo-American legal systems on the example of Brexit. Methodology. The methodology involves a comprehensive study of theoretical and practical material on this subject, as well as formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. The following methods of scientific cognition were used in the research process: dialectical, terminological, formal and logical, comparative and legal, system and functional methods. Results. The study found that an important role in resolving conflicts between EU law and UK national law was played by the Court of Justice of the European Union which declared British legislation invalid since it was not in line with EU law. Thanks to the case law of the CJEU and the national courts of the United Kingdom, it has been possible to adjust and harmonize the interaction between EU law and the national law of this country. As European integration is formed on the basis of a supreme legal force created by external (supranational) bodies, the national bodies that form the national rules of British law inevitably give up part of their powers in favor of EU law. Brexit is just the beginning of a long series of problematic issues that will arise in the EU as a result of member states’ more or less serious objections to a radical course to deepen European integration. And under such conditions, there is a widespread understanding that finding clear and effective answers to new challenges requires finding new conceptual (and most importantly, effective) approaches to the future functioning of the EU, as old mechanisms and methods no longer work properly and do not resolve contradictions spreading and becoming more acute. Scientific novelty. The study shows that the withdrawal of Britain from the European Union initiates a large-scale process of mutual transformation of the legal systems of both parties, the effectiveness of which will be determined by the realities of European geopolitical environment as well as domestic political processes within Great Britain itself. Practical importance. Research materials can be used for comparative law studies.
Language as a means of law expressing: theoretical principles
Authors: Liashuk Andrii
Published: February 2021

Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to formulate the theoretical foundations of the usage of the language as the main means of the law expression. Methodics. The methodics involves a comprehensive analysis and generalization of the available regulatory material and scientific positions and the formulation of the relevant problematic aspects of the law language because, it is based on the language of everyday communication, but at the same time it serves certain business purposes. During the research the following methods of scientific cognition were used: dialectical, hermeneutic, historical-legal, systemic and formal-legal one. These methods allow form the theoretical foundations of the language as a means of the law expression. Results. In the course of the research it has been stated that the language of the law is a system in which language is a means of the realization of all spheres of the social life, including the legal one, because the legal reality as a reflection of reality is inconceivable without the language. The former is the material carrier of the subject. Without language, all the factors common in the legal literature will remain far from reality, as they will not reflect modern socio-cultural processes. It is determined that traditionally the language of law is perceived as no more than a means of communicating legal information to the addressee. However, it is a more complex phenomenon than just a means of transmitting information. In general, language is the only way to access mental processes: it captures the experience of mankind, its thinking and, as a consequence, language is a mechanism of cognition. At the same time, legal language, “serving” the legal life of society with its resources, becomes it’s kind of cognitive reflection. Scientific novelty. In the course of the research the problematic aspects of the functioning of the language of law in the general language system have been established as socially and historically conditioned system of ways and rules of verbal expression of concepts and categories, developed and used to regulate the relationship of subjects in the legal life of society. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used to improve the mechanism of the application of the language of law in law-making, law-interpreting, law enforcement spheres.
European convention on human rights in the mechanism of implementation of the main constitutional obligation of Ukraine
Authors: Shcherbyuk N. , Moroz S.
Published: February 2021

After gaining independence, Ukraine has chosen a European democratic model for the formation of public and public life. A large number of appeals of citizens of Ukraine to the European Court of Human Rights testify to the effectiveness of this European institution. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the significance of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms for both the world community and for Ukraine in particular, as well as determining the factors that influence the slow pace of implementation of its provisions. Method. The method includes a detailed comprehensive analysis and synthesis of available scientific and theoretical material on selected topics. Scientific novelty. On the basis of this, grounded generalizations and recommendations for disclosing the essence of the investigated aspects of the protection of human rights and freedoms in Ukraine are made. Results. The article establishes that the adoption of the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms has an epoch-making significance for the whole world community as well as for Ukraine in particular. Its ratification in our country, in essence, has shifted from the place the process of transition from declarative consolidation of human rights and freedoms in the legislation to the introduction of effective mechanisms that would give a real opportunity to realize and protect them if necessary. The driving force behind this process is the European Court of Human Rights, in which Ukrainian citizens can claim Ukraine. And as practice shows, this process is quite active. In order to improve its image in the field of protection of rights and fundamental freedoms Ukraine needs to eliminate as much as possible the reasons that affect the non-enforcement of ECHR judgments and to take into account the recommendations made by the Council of Europe in this area. Practical significance. The results of the study will contribute to correcting the situation towards the real fulfillment by Ukraine of its primary duty, as provided for in Part 2 of this article. 3 of the Constitution of Ukraine.
تعدد أقوال الحافظ ابن حجر في الراوي دراسة مقارنة بين كتابيه تقريب التهذيب وفتح الباري
Authors: Al-Abbadi Ziyad Salim
Published: February 2021

There is no doubt that Ibn Hajar is one of the notable scholars of Islam. He mastered the various field of knowledge. Thus, his reputation was well known by public and students. Among the sciences that he was outstanding in is the science of narrators. Whereby his commentary on most of the narrators of Prophet’s traditions was being found. But it has been observed that some of his commentaries on some of the narrators were contradicted in his several books. Some of them were judged as weak in a book and as trustworthy in the other. Therefore, this study tries to solve the problem by clarifying the contradiction by comparing to the other scholar’s commentaries on the narrators. A comparative study between his book Taqrib Tahdhib and Fath al-Bari thus be conducted to solve with the problem.