bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Relationship Between Managerial Style, the School Climate, and Persistence in High Schools Among the Arab Community of Israel
Authors: Assadi Nabil , Hibi Wafiq
Published: July 2021

The current study examines the relationship between the style of management and the school climate and the persistence in secondary schools in Arab society. Although studies have been carried out in Israel and abroad, few have focused on examining the subject in Arab society. The current study will focus on key issues concerning the impact of the ethical climate and managerial style on this phenomenon.

     The main research question in the current study is whether there is a link between the school ethical climate and management style and the persistence of students in secondary schools in Arab society.

     The findings of the study show that schools with a more caring ethical climate have a higher persistence rate and accordingly, the lower the caring ethical climate, the lower the percentage of persistence in school. It also indicates that the more focused the style on human relations, the more caringf the climate will be, and the more mission-focused the style, the more instrumental the ethical climate will be. The findings also indicate that there is a positive relationship between a management style focused on human relations and persistence.

     The conclusion of the main study indicates a positive relationship between a management style focused on human relations and a caring climate and the persistence of secondary school students in Arab society. A management style based on positive, humanitarian relationships focused on cooperation between principals and teachers allows for similar relationships between teachers among themselves. patterns of cooperation and mutual support are developed instead of competition and striving against each other, allowing for the creation of a more caring ethical climate.
BEST PRACTICES FOR VIRTUAL EVENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC - FOCUSING ON ATTENDEE ENGAGEMENT
Authors: Ton Han Nu Ngoc , Le Ngoc Kim
Published: July 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a severe hazard: not only to human health but also to the economy on both a national and a global level. The pandemic has particularly affected the event industry, which relies on mass gatherings. This research aims to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on the event industry and propose best practices for virtual events in terms of attendee engagement. A qualitative research approach was applied to generate insights from industry experts in real contexts in Vietnam. The study drew on interviewees with four participants engaged in virtual events: two from the event industry, and two from the education sector. This research focuses on three key elements to enhance the level of attendee engagement in virtual events: the four realms of experience, storytelling and attendee objectives when joining a given event. The study also highlights the relationships among these three critical elements while offering theoretical contributions and suggesting best practices.
Responsible Writing of Violence: A Study of Select Partition Stories
Authors: Gautam Devi Prasad
Published: July 2021

This paper analyzes select Partition stories such as Bhisham Sahni’s “Pali,” K. S. Duggal’s “Pakistan Zindabad,” Ishmat Chughtai’s “Roots,” S.H. Vatsyayan’s “The Avenger,” and Atin Bandhopadhyay’s “Infidel” which realistically portray the cataclysmic times of the Subcontinent in 1947. The paper shows that though the stories depict some chilling scenes, they concentrate more on the psychological impact of violence on the characters and the positive aspects of humanitarian gestures seen during the dismal days in South Asian history. With much tact, the authors approach the subject and document the dreadful events of the Subcontinent’s painful past. Also, while dexterously registering the public resistance to the unspeakable horrors of Partition violence, the authors also honestly present their own ethical stance on the events. The article argues that the authors have documented the tragic history in a mature and convincing manner by presenting its balanced and holistic picture by employing an impartial and unbiased perspective. The texts stand as testimonies to the writers’ sense of responsibility at recording tragic incidents not only because of their objective and holistic approach but also because of their cautious use of language so that they do not trigger any further violence through their writing.
Pet Attachment and Its Relevant Factors among Undergraduates
Authors: HOU Yongmei , HUANG Wanhui , LIANG Yongxin
Published: July 2021

Objective  To explore the characteristics of pet attachment and its relevant factors among

 undergraduates. Methods 547 undergraduate pet owners were selected by stratified random sampling

 from 7 universities in Guangzhou City. They were investigated with Lexington Attachment to Pets Scale

 (LAPS), College Students Interpersonal Comprehensive Diagnostic Scale (ICDSCS), Revised UCLA

Loneliness Scale-Version 3 (UCLALS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and a self-edited

questionnaire on the general personal information. Results ⑴ The total score of LAPS, ICDSCS and

UCLALS, as well as score of coping style disposition were (41.71±10.05), (9.12±5.62), (44.51±7.87) and

(-.22±1.50), respectively. ⑵ 20.9% of undergraduates were moderate to severe pet attachment. ⑶ Multiple

stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the total score of LAPS was positively correlated with 7

factors such as total score of UCLALS and ICDSCS, school category, how many pets have you kept, origin,

gender and monthly family income (β=.119 to .668, all P < 0.05), while the reasons for keeping pets and

coping style disposition were negatively correlated with the total score of LAPS (β=-.537 and -.621, P <

0.05).  Conclusion College students' pet attachment is a common behavioral problem, which is closely

related to such factors as family rearing, community cultural atmosphere, school education and the personality

of the undergraduates.
Evening primrose oil for cervical ripening in term pregnancies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hemmatzadeh Shahla , Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi Sakineh , Veisy Afsaneh , Mirghafourvand Mojgan
Published: July 2021

Induction of labor by using available, inexpensive and non-invasive methods with the least side effects is particularly important. A systematic review was conducted to assess the effect of evening primrose oil on cervical ripening in term pregnancies. In this systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials, a search was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Ovid, Scopus, Clinical Trials.gov, Google Scholar and Persian databases (Magiran, SID, and IRCT.ir) for published related articles without any time limit. The Cochrane handbook was used to determine the risk of bias of the included articles. The obtained data were analyzed in RevMan and reported in forest plots. The Odds Ratio (OR) was used to find the effect of the dichotomous data and the Mean Difference (MD) for the continuous data. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using I2, T2 and Chi2. The random effect was used instead of fixed effect if I2 >40%. A total of 28 titles and abstracts were extracted, 9 articles entered into the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis results showed significant differences between EPO and control groups in terms of bishop score (MD=1.32; 95% CI: 0.98 to 1.66), reducing caesarean section rate (OR= 0.61; 95% CI: 0.43 to 0.86), duration of first stage of labor (MD= -98.67; 95% CI: -140.98 to -56.38) and duration of second stage of labor (MD= -10.98; 95% CI: -21.86 to -0.09). There were no significant differences in terms of birth weight (MD= 100.97; 95% CI: -11.91 to 213.84) and the frequency of induction with oxytocin (OR= 0.53; 95% CI: 0.27 to 1.01). It seems evening primrose oil be effective for cervical ripening, reducing cesarean section rate and shortening the duration of labor. Due to the high heterogeneity of the studies, the researchers recommend further researches on the subject using a standard tool based on the CONSORT statement.
The crystal structure of 4-bromobenzyl chloride, C7H6BrCl
Authors: Manana Pholani , Hosten Eric C. , Betz Richard
Published: July 2021

C7H6BrCl, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 9.4506(7) Å, b = 18.1015(10) Å, c = 4.4418(3) Å, V = 759.86(9) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0271, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.0558, T = 200(2) K.
The crystal structure of (2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,3-dioxan-5-yl)methanol, C12H15ClO3
Authors: Zou Long-Sheng , Li Zhong-Yan , Yuan Lin
Published: July 2021

C12H15ClO3, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 5.788(2) Å, b = 11.079(4) Å, c = 18.916(7) Å, V = 1213.0(8) Å3, Z = 4, R

gt
(F) = 0.0559, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1898, T = 296(2) K.
Creation, Angels, and Gender in Paul, Philo, and the Dead Sea Scrolls
Authors: Peters Janelle
Published: July 2021

This article reads the veiling instructions in 1 Corinthians 11:1–16 through Paul’s appeal to creation. The letter positions both genders in God, and it follows contemporary Jewish literature in assigning angels to creation and gender interdependence. Ascetic, unmarried, and married persons found inclusion in this vision of the body of Christ.
Experimental and microstructure analysis of the penetration resistance of composite structures
Authors: Zou Youchun , Xiong Chao , Yin Junhui
Published: July 2021

Composite structures (SiC/UHMWPE/TC4; SiC/TC4/UHMWPE) were designed using silicon carbide (SiC)ceramics, ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) laminate, and titanium alloys (TC4s). Penetration experiments and numerical simulations were carried out to study the anti-penetration mechanism and energy characteristics of the composite structures, and the microstructure of the TC4 was analyzed. The results show that the two composite structures designed have advantages in reducing mass and thickness. The energy proportion of the TC4 is the largest among the three materials, which mainly determines the anti-penetration performance. The microstructure of the TC4 in composite structure I shows rough edges of bullet holes, a large number of adiabatic shear bands (ASBs), ASB bends and bifurcates, and many cracks, which lead to spalling damage of the TC4. The microstructure of the TC4 in composite structure II shows flat edges of bullet holes, several straight ASBs, and no cracks, which leads to brittle fragmentation. The initiation, expansion, combination of ASBs and cracks lead to more energy consumption. Therefore, the combination form of composite structure I can give full play the energy dissipation mechanism of the TC4 and has better anti-penetration performance than composite structure II.
Algorithmic Decision-Making When Humans Disagree on Ends
Authors: Brennan-Marquez Kiel , Chiao Vincent
Published: July 2021

Which interpretive tasks should be delegated to machines? This question has become a focal point of “tech governance” debates. One familiar answer is that while machines are capable of implementing tasks whose ends are uncontroversial, machine delegation is inappropriate for tasks that elude human consensus. After all, if human experts cannot agree about the nature of a task, what hope is there for machines?

Here, we turn this position around. When humans disagree about the nature of a task, that should be prima facie grounds for machine delegation, not against it. The reason has to do with fairness: affected parties should be able to predict the outcomes of particular cases. Indeterminate decision-making environments—those in which human disagree about ends—are inherently unpredictable in that, for any given case, the distribution of likely outcomes will depend on a specific decision maker’s view of the relevant end. This injects an irreducible dynamic of randomization into the decision-making process from the perspective of non-repeat players. To the extent machine decisions aggregate across disparate views of a task’s relevant ends, they promise improvement on this specific dimension of predictability. Whatever the other virtues and drawbacks of machine decision-making, this gain should be recognized and factored into governance.

The essay has two parts. In the first, we draw a distinction between determinacy and certainty as epistemic properties and fashioning a taxonomy of decision types. In the second part, we bring the formal point alive through a case study of criminal sentencing.
After the Crime
Authors: Robinson Paul H. , Sarahne Muhammad
Published: July 2021

Although an offender’s conduct before and during the crime is the traditional focus of criminal law and sentencing rules, an examination of post-offense conduct can also be important in promoting criminal justice goals. After the crime, different offenders make different choices and have different experiences, and those differences can suggest appropriately different treatment by judges, correctional officials, probation and parole supervisors, and other decision makers in the criminal justice system.

Positive post-offense conduct ought to be acknowledged and rewarded, not only to encourage it but also as a matter of fair and just treatment. This essay describes four kinds of positive post-offense conduct that merit special recognition and preferential treatment: the responsible offender, who avoids further deceit and damage to others during the process leading to conviction; the debt-paid offender, who suffers the full punishment deserved (according to true principles of justice rather than the sentence actually imposed); the reformed offender, who takes affirmative steps to leave criminality behind; and the redeemed offender, who out of genuine remorse tries to atone for the offense.

The essay considers how one might operationalize a system for giving special accommodation to such offenders. Positive post-offense conduct might be rewarded, for example, through the selection and shaping of sanctioning methods, through giving preference in access to education, training, treatment, and other programs, and through elimination or restriction of collateral consequences of conviction that continue after the sentence is completed.
Mapping the journey of transition: a single-center study of 170 childhood-onset GH deficiency patients
Authors: Doknic Mirjana , Stojanovic Marko , Soldatovic Ivan , Milenkovic Tatjana , Zdravkovic Vera , Jesic Maja , Todorovic Sladjana , Mitrovic Katarina , Vukovic Rade , Miljic Dragana , Savic Dragan , Milicevic Mihajlo , Stanimirovic Aleksandar , Bogosavljevic Vojislav , Pekic Sandra , Manojlovic-Gacic Emilija , Djukic Aleksandar , Grujicic Danica , Petakov Milan
Published: July 2021

Objective

To analyze metabolic parameters, body composition (BC), and bone mineral density (BMD) in childhood-onset GH deficiency (COGHD) patients during the transition period (TP).

Design

Single- center, retrospective study was performed on 170 consecutive COGHD patients (age 19.2 ± 2.0 years, range 16–25) transferred after growth completion from two pediatric clinics to the adult endocrine unit. Two separate analyses were performed: (i) cross-sectional analysis of hormonal status, metabolic parameters, BC, and BMD at first evaluation after transfer from pediatrics to the adult department; (ii) longitudinal analysis of BC and BMD dynamics after 3 years of GH replacement therapy (rhGH) in TP.

Results

COGHD was of a congenital cause (CONG) in 50.6% subjects, tumor-related (TUMC) in 23.5%, and idiopathic (IDOP) in 25.9%. TUMC patients had increased insulin and lipids levels (P < 0.01) and lower Z score at L-spine (P < 0.05) compared to CONG and IDOP groups. Patients treated with rhGH in childhood demonstrated lower fat mass and increased BMD compared to the rhGH-untreated group (P < 0.01). Three years of rhGH after growth completion resulted in a significant increase in lean body mass (12.1%) and BMD at L-spine (6.9%), parallel with a decrease in FM (5.2%).

Conclusion

The effect of rhGH in childhood is invaluable for metabolic status, BC, and BMD in transition to adulthood. Tumor-related COGHD subjects are at higher risk for metabolic abnormalities, alteration of body composition, and decreased BMD, compared to those with COGHD of other causes. Continuation of rhGH in transition is important for improving BC and BMD in patients with persistent COGHD.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The gut–brain axis: regulating energy balance independent of food intake
Authors: Nogueiras Ruben
Published: July 2021

Obesity is a global pandemic with a large health and economic burden worldwide. Bodyweight is regulated by the ability of the CNS, and especially the hypothalamus, to orchestrate the function of peripheral organs that play a key role in metabolism. Gut hormones play a fundamental role in the regulation of energy balance, as they modulate not only feeding behavior but also energy expenditure and nutrient partitioning. This review examines the recent discoveries about hormones produced in the stomach and gut, which have been reported to regulate food intake and energy expenditure in preclinical models. Some of these hormones act on the hypothalamus to modulate thermogenesis and adiposity in a food intake-independent fashion. Finally, the association of these gut hormones to eating, energy expenditure, and weight loss after bariatric surgery in humans is discussed.
APTITUD FÍSICA EN DEPORTISTAS ADOLESCENTES TEMPRANOS DE DEPORTES DE COMBATE
Authors: Longo A.F. , Aquilino G.D. , Cardey M.L. , Lentini N.A. , Prada E.O.
Published: July 2021

El propósito de esta investigación fue obtener datos de referencia de deportistas adolescentes tempranos de Judo, Taekwondo y Lucha en un conjunto de pruebas de aptitud física, y evaluar relaciones entre las pruebas. Una batería de tests de campo fue implementada: Fuerza en handgrip (HAST), Saltos Abalakov, con Contramovimiento y Squat (ABJ, CMJ y SQJ), Aceleración en sprint 0-10 m (0-10SA) y Flexibilidad “Sit and reach” (SARF). La r de Pearson fue usada para valorar correlaciones entre las capacidades físicas. Análisis de covarianza fueron realizados para evaluar comparativamente los rendimientos en HAST, ABJ, CMJ, SQJ, 0-10SA y SARF. SARF mostró correlaciones despreciables con el resto de las pruebas. Las diferencias entre varones y mujeres parecieron mantenerse constantes a lo largo de los deportes. Los judokas y los taekwondistas mostraron rendimientos más altos en ABJ, y los taekwondistas revelaron rendimientos más altos que los luchadores en CMJ, SQJ y SARF.
MOTIVACIÓN, AUTOCONFIANZA Y ANSIEDAD EN JUDO: SEXO Y NIVEL COMPETITIVO
Authors: Pulido S. , Fuentes J.P. , De la Vega R.
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las posibles diferencias a nivel de motivación, autoconfianza y ansiedad que puedan existir en función del sexo y el nivel competitivo de dos grupos de judokas (Grupo de alto rendimiento y Grupo de especialización). Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se administraron el Competitive State Anxiety Inventory (CSAI-2R) y el Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (BRSQ) 10 minutos antes de entrar los judocas al tatami, el día de la competición. Los resultados revelaron diferencias a nivel de ansiedad somática (intensidad), observándose esta más elevada en las mujeres que en los hombres. Se encontraron también diferencias significativas en la variable autoconfianza (intensidad),  mostrando los judokas del equipo nacional valores más elevados que los de especialización. No se encontraron diferencias en las variables motivación y autoconfianza en función del sexo, ni en las variables motivación y ansiedad en la comparativa entre ambos grupos.
Enhanced laccase activity of white rot fungi induced by different metal ions under submerged fermentation
Authors: An Qi , Han Mei-Ling , Bian Lu-Sen , Han Zhi-Chao , Han Ning , Xiao Yun-Feng , Zhang Fang-Bo
Published: July 2021

Submerged fermentation with single or mixed metal ions as inducers was used for laccase production from white rot fungi. Mixed metal ions were used for the first time as inducers for Pleurotus ostreatus and Flammulina velutipes to enhance laccase activity. The maximum laccase activity from P. ostreatus in basal media, metal ion media 1 containing copper ion, metal ion media 2 containing manganese ion, metal ion media 3 containing manganese and copper ions, metal ion media 4 containing ferrous ion, metal ion media 5 containing manganese and ferrous ions, metal ion media 6 containing ferrous and copper ions, and metal ion media 7 containing manganese, copper and ferrous ions were, respectively, approximately 21.5-fold, 4.7-fold, 14.9-fold, 16.9-fold, 4.0-fold, 11.0-fold, 12.7-fold, and 24.8-fold higher than that from F. velutipes. The combination of copper and manganese ions as inducers was superior to that of a single copper ion or manganese ion. The maximum laccase activity of P. ostreatus rose in media containing manganese and copper ions. The single copper ion as the inducer for enhancing laccase activity was more suitable for F. velutipes. These findings are helpful in selecting the appropriate single metal ion or mixed metal ions to enhance laccase activity.
Prácticas de Gestión de Relaciones con Clientes (CRM) en pequeñas empresas, periodo 2010 al 2019
Authors: Arango Aramburu Johana Elizabeth , Granados Maguiño Mauro Amaru
Published: July 2021

El propósito de este estudio es determinar el nivel de interés por investigaciones relacionadas a prácticas de Gestión de Relaciones con Clientes (CRM) en pequeñas empresas del 2010 al 2019, en las principales revistas científicas de marketing. La metodología empleada consiste en la revisión de literatura sobre CRM en una muestra de 151 artículos publicados en la última década de las principales revistas de marketing, ubicadas en el primer cuartil Q1, según Scimago Journal Rank. Los resultados demuestran que de 125 artículos empíricos dedicados a la Gestión de Relaciones con Clientes (CRM), 72 publicaciones obtienen información de la gran empresa, seguido de 46 artículos que extraen simultáneamente datos de la pequeña, mediana y gran empresa; y solo 7 artículos de CRM reportan la realidad de las pequeñas empresas. Se concluye que hay mayor interés por desarrollar investigaciones de CRM dirigido hacia las grandes corporaciones, en comparación con las pequeñas empresas.
Incidencia de la innovación en la exportación de joyas de plata en Perú
Authors: Carruitero Honores Maribel , Castillo Maza Juan Victoriano
Published: July 2021

El objetivo de este artículo fue evaluar en qué medida la innovación incide en las exportaciones de joyas de plata de Perú desde el 2015 hasta el año 2019. Para ello, se realizó un estudio no experimental correlacional mediante entrevistas a empresas que, en su conjunto, representaron el 67% de exportaciones de joyas en plata de Perú al mundo. Los resultados permitieron concluir que la innovación incidió de manera positiva en las exportaciones de joyas de plata de Perú, al aplicar métodos de información tecnológica en relación al uso y procesamiento de datos en el año 2016; así mismo, al considerar desarrollo de productos y procesos de negocio a futuro en los años 2015 y 2019, a condición de que dichas actividades tengan como base la investigación. En consecuencia, el aumento de exportaciones del sector joyería de plata, se asocia a la capacidad de gestión de las empresas para introducir estrategias que permitan desarrollar innovación en procesos específicos para alcanzar sus metas en un mercado global.
Efecto antimicrobiano in vitro de extractos de Caesalpinia spinosa sobre cepas de Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a antibióticos betalactámicos
Authors: Villavicencio Coral Bryan Darío , Sarmiento Ordóñez Jéssica María , Flores Regalado Carol Gissel , Torrachi Carrasco José Esteban
Published: July 2021

Objetivo. Determinar el efecto antimicrobiano de extractos etanólicos de Caesalpinia spinosa sobre cepas de Staphylococcus aureus penicilino y meticilino resistentes. Métodos. Se utilizaron las cepas de S. aureus ATCC 11632 y 33592, los extractos etanólicos de hojas y vainas de C. spinosa se obtuvieron por maceración en concentraciones de 25%, 50%, 75% y 100%. Se utilizó el método de Kirby-Bauer, los discos de papel filtro se cargaron con extracto de hojas, vainas y semillas, se depositaron sobre el medio, inoculado con una suspensión de S. aureus a 0,5 McFarland. El control positivo fueron discos de Ampicilina y control negativo discos impregnados con etanol. Después de 24 horas, se midieron los diámetros de los halos con un calibrador Vernier. Resultados. Se registraron halos de hasta 18 mm de diámetro con los extractos de hojas al 100%, 17 mm con extractos de vainas y 14 mm con extractos de semillas sobre S. aureus ATCC 33592; en el caso de la cepa ATCC 11632, se registraron halos de hasta 14 mm con extractos de hojas y vainas al 100%, y de hasta 8 mm con extractos de semillas.  La prueba de ANOVA indicó que existieron diferencias significativas entre los halos obtenidos con los diferentes tipos de extractos, a diferentes concentraciones. Conclusión. Se determinó que todos los extractos de C. spinosa poseen actividad antimicrobiana sobre las dos cepas estudiadas, con un patrón directamente proporcional entre el efecto y la concentración.
El Teorema de Iwasawa
Authors: Mejía Alemán Carlos , Santiago Saldaña Mario Enrique
Published: July 2021

Sean G un grupo, Ω un conjunto y K = {g ∈ G | ω * g = ω, Ɐω ∈ Ω} el núcleo de Ω donde G actua sobre el conjunto Ω. Mostraremos que G/K es simple en el caso que el grupo G verifique ser primitivo sobre Ω, así como también que sea igual a su subgrupo derivado y por último si α ∈ Ω entonces Gα tiene un subgrupo A que es abeliano y normal tal que G =< Ag | g ∈ G >, donde Gα es el estabilizador de α en G. Para finalizar daremos una aplicación de que el grupo alternante A5 es simple.
Programación lineal: convergencia del algoritmo primal-dual de paso largo por el método de la función barrera
Authors: Luna Valdez Juan , Montoro Alegre Edinson
Published: July 2021

En el presente trabajo se tratará de desarrollar y describir el método punto interior primal-dual para resolver el problema de programación lineal. Este método se caracteriza por utilizar funciones barrera, para el problema primal y para el dual y asi deducir el sistema no lineal primal-dual, cuya solución define la trayectoria central del método de punto interior. Se demuestra que el número total de iteraciones que ejecuta es de orden polinomial.
Eucoleosis por Eucoleus boehmi en un canino con elevadas cargas parasitarias
Authors: Fariña Fernando Adrian , Pasqualetti Mariana Inés , Ercole Mariano Emmanuel , Bessi Clara , Ribicich Mabel
Published: July 2021

Eucoleus boehmi (sin. Capillaria boehmi) es un parásito nematodo trichurideo del tracto respiratorio superior en cánidos y de curso generalmente asintomático. Se presenta el caso clínico de un canino macho mestizo de 9 años de edad, procedente de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, que había sido tratado previamente por eucoleosis, que presentaba tos, estornudos, estornudos inversos, abundante secreción nasal serosa bilateral. Se realizó un análisis de materia fecal por las técnicas de Bembrook y McMaster revelando la presencia de 10 900 hpg de E. boehmi. Se realizó el tratamiento y seguimiento del paciente hasta la remisión completa de los signos clínicos y la ausencia de huevos en materia fecal.
Caracterización química y digestibilidad in vitro de semillas y subproductos agroindustriales amazónicos con potencial para alimentación animal
Authors: Yoplac Ives Julian , Goñas Katerin , Bernal Wilmer , Vásquez Héctor V. , Maicelo Jorge L.
Published: July 2021

Se determinaron las características químicas y digestibilidad in vitro de once insumos, divididos en tres grupos: semillas (sacha inchi [(Plukenetia volubilis], higuerilla [Ricinus communis] y chía [Salvia hispanica]), subproductos derivados del arroz (nielen, cascarilla y polvillo) y residuos agroindustriales de plantas y frutas tropicales (bagazo de caña de azúcar, pulpa de café, casco externo y mucílago de cacao [Theobroma cacao)], pulpa de naranja [Citrus sinensis] y vaina de taya [Caesalpinia spinosa]) con potencial en la alimentación animal. Las muestras fueron recolectadas en la región Amazonas, Perú. Se determinó su composición proximal, contenido de fibra cruda (FC), fibra detergente neutra (FDN), fibra detergente ácida (FDA), calcio y fósforo, así como la digestibilidad in vitro y energía bruta (EB). Las semillas oleaginosas destacaron por su alto contenido de aceites, alto valor energético e importante fuente de calcio y fósforo; el sacha inchi presentó alto contenido proteico de 28.75 ± 0.29%. Los subproductos del arroz mostraron ser importantes fuentes de carbohidratos, con alta digestibilidad a excepción de la cascarilla. Este último, al igual que los residuos de caña de azúcar y cacao, mostró un alto contenido de FC, FDA y FDN. Dentro de los demás residuos agroindustriales, la pulpa de café presentó mayor contenido proteico con 9.7%; los residuos de naranja y taya mayores valores de calcio (entre 0.5 y 0.7%), fósforo (entre 0.3 y 0.5%) y alta digestibilidad (entre 93 y 95%). Por tanto, los insumos evaluados, por su composición química, bajo costo y biodisponibilidad, muestran potencial para alimentación animal.
Evaluación de metodologías para recuento de garrapatas en fase de vida parásita
Authors: Rodríguez María Inés , Martínez Roberto , Núñez Lorena
Published: July 2021

El estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la exactitud de las pruebas o métodos de recuento de garrapatas ingurgitadas en hembras bovinas criadas bajo sistemas de producción extensiva. Se utilizaron 49 vacas adultas de los genotipos Criollo Ñeembucú, Pardo Suizo, Brangus y Nelore durante el estío en marzo de 2019. Se revisaron varias regiones corporales de manera secuencial mediante el método visual indirecto, palpatorio y finalmente el método directo, definido este último como patrón de referencia o gold standard. Para la estimación de los indicadores de validez y fiabilidad, comparación del comportamiento de las curvas de características operacionales del receptor (ROC) y pruebas de concordancia se recurrió al programa para análisis epidemiológico de datos tabulados Epidat 3.1. La sensibilidad y el valor predictivo negativo fueron marcadamente superiores para la prueba palpatoria. El deficiente valor del índice Kappa reveló que el acuerdo entre el método visual indirecto y directo fue debido al azar (p= 0.2097). En el método palpatorio, la curva ROC mostró un área mayor en comparación con el método visual indirecto. Los resultados de la prueba de homogeneidad de las áreas ROC revelaron que la diferencia en cuanto a la eficacia de ambas pruebas fue altamente significativa (p˂0.01), pudiéndose constatar la poca utilidad del método visual indirecto aplicado al recuento de garrapatas ingurgitadas en fase parásita, no así del método palpatorio.
Seroprevalencia del virus de inmunodeficiencia felina (VIF) y el virus de la leucemia felina (ViLeF) en gatos del centro de Risaralda, Colombia
Authors: Santisteban Rafael Ricardo , Muñoz-Rodríguez Luis Carlos , Díaz Nieto Julián , Pachón Londoño Valentina , Curiel Peña Josep
Published: July 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue establecer la seroprevalencia de infección del virus de la leucemia felina (ViLeF) y el virus de la inmunodeficiencia felina (VIF) en muestras séricas de felinos evaluados con sospecha de infección retroviral en centros veterinarios de los municipios de Pereira, Dosquebradas y Santa Rosa de Cabal, departamento de Risaralda, Colombia y enviadas al Laboratorio EjeLab. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo sobre los resultados de serología con kit comercial para inmunocromatografía (BionoteÒ) entre marzo de 2017 y julio de 2018. Se documentó la edad, raza, sexo de los animales. Se analizaron 388 muestras, siendo el 18.3% (71) positivas a VIF y el 25.8% (100) positivo a ViLeF. Se observó coinfección retroviral en el 8.2% (32) de los animales.
Dinámica espacio temporal de la biomasa aérea en pastizales altoandinos basado en NDVI-MODIS validado por espectrometría in situ
Authors: Nuñez Delgado Jimny , Pizarro Carcausto Samuel , Gutiérrez Tang Marco , Ñaupari Vásquez Javier
Published: July 2021

Es posible utilizar datos del Índice de Vegetación de Diferencia Normalizada (NDVI) de imágenes de resolución moderada (MODIS) para estimar la biomasa aérea a grandes escalas espaciales; sin embargo, se requiere validar la información con trabajo in situ para hacer predicciones de la vegetación de pastizales más acertadas. El estudio se realizó en tres distritos de la sierra central del Perú. Se colectaron 153 muestras de pasto (pajonal alto y pajonal bajo) previa lectura de NDVI in situ dentro de un pixel de 250x250 m, con una frecuencia de tres meses en tres años de evaluaciones. Se descargaron imágenes satelitales del sensor MODIS para obtener el NDVI. Los valores de NDVI-MODIS fueron calibrados con el NDVI registrado in situ, mediante modelos de regresión. Las ecuaciones calibradas modelaron las tendencias dinámicas de la vegetación entre 2000 y 2018 para la sierra central. El NDVI in situ del pajonal bajo osciló entre 0.36 ±0.13 y 0.24±0.05 en las épocas húmeda y seca, respectivamente, mientras que el pajonal alto osciló entre 0.42±0.14 y 0.26±0.10 en las épocas húmeda y seca, respectivamente. El NDVI del sensor MODIS del pajonal bajo osciló entre 0.41±0.14 y 0.27±0.06 en las épocas húmeda y seca, respectivamente, y para el pajonal alto entre 0.44±0.14 y 0.41 ±0.10 en épocas húmeda y seca, respectivamente. El modelo cuadrático obtuvo mejores estimadores tanto para la calibración del NDVI (RMSE: 0.06 y R2: 0.91), como para la predicción de la biomasa (RMSE: 1300 y R2: 0.61). Se concluye que es posible utilizar información satelital para evaluar los pastizales altoandinos.
Efecto genético de toros usados vía inseminación artificial sobre la producción láctea de la estación experimental El Mantaro, Junín, Perú
Authors: Meza R. Elmer , Orellana C. Javier , Astuhuamán P. Luís
Published: July 2021

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar la contribución del efecto genético de toros usados vía inseminación artificial sobre la producción láctea de vacas Brown Swiss de la Estación Experimental Agropecuaria El Mantaro de la Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, en términos de producción de leche diaria (PLD) y por campaña (PLC). Se utilizaron 112 lactaciones depuradas, procedentes de un total de 49 vacas, hijas de 7 toros Brown Swiss, estandarizadas a 305 días (PLE) y dos ordeños mediante proyección no lineal. El análisis estadístico fue realizado mediante el uso de un modelo lineal mixto, considerándose como factores fijos al número de lactación, año, estación y edad al parto de la vaca, y como factor aleatorio al efecto genético del toro. Se obtuvieron medias fenotípicas corregidas para PLD y PLC con los factores de corrección obtenidas del modelo, y predicciones de la habilidad transmisión predicha (PTA) de los toros evaluados y sus respectivas precisiones. Las medias fenotípicas corregidas tuvieron un rango de 9.39 ± 0.62 kg a 12.18 ± 0.87 kg para PLD y de 3 218.8 ± 40.2 kg a 4 690.4 ± 54.6 kg para PLC, mientras que el PTA de los toros oscilaron entre -2.82 a 1.98 kg/día para PLD y de -841.55 a 630.33 kg/campaña para PLC, registrándose niveles de precisión del 58.87 al 78.34%. Los resultados evidencian un importante diferencial en el nivel genético de los toros evaluados y el potencial uso de algunos para contribuir con el aumento de la producción láctea de la zona de estudio.
The Ethnographic Principle as a Phenomenon of History
Authors: Laurinavičius Česlovas
Published: July 2021

The concept of the ethnographic principle is rarely found in the literature, and there is hardly a legal qualification for it. However, historical material (in cases of the Lithuanian, Czech, Bulgarian and Polish peoples) indicates that the ethnographic principle is a significant political and geopolitical phenomenon. This phenomen is especialy characteristic of the development of the peoples of the region of Central and Eastern Europe. First, the ethnographic principle was closely related to the national principle, although it did not coincide with it. The concept of the ethnographic principle points to the special anatomy of nation states, where the basis is ethnic / linguistic culture. Secondly, the advancement of culture to the fore indicated the recognition of its significance, which had not happened before. Consequently, it was a question of freeing this culture from the restrictions imposed on it and even compensating for the damage caused to it. Thirdly, the culture, raised to the state level, needed appropriate guarantees for the future. The article reveals the tendency of great states at the level of their policies and propaganda to act according to the ethnographic principle, thereby encouraging the formation of national states. However, when the latter became a fact, another tendency arose: the Western world began to apply the criteria of a liberal civil society to new states (according to the principle of jus civis romanus sum). This was too hard for the new states. In this context, the alternative was the Soviet ethno-federalist protectorate, which, although under the conditions of a repressive system, actually continued to implement the projections of the ethnographic principle. A fixed paradox: the ethnographic principle, which originated in the West as a variant of democratization, gained strength thanks to Russia, while the West remained, as it were, in aristocratic opposition to this course. The ethnographic principle has not yet acquired a clearer legal legitimacy. But as a historical category, it can serve as a study of the history of Modern times, and especially the Soviet period.
Implementing and evaluating the Bridges stroke self-management programme into a New Zealand district health board stroke service: A case study
Authors: Hale Leigh , McCulloch Mandy , De Ruiter Samuel , Wihongia Evelyn , Mcdonnell Norlinga Erina , Gorczynski Daniel , Kennedy Paden , Jones Fiona
Published: July 2021

The impact of stroke is lifelong; affecting independence and quality of life. Stroke survivors need support to manage their recovery. The Bridges stroke self-management approach (Bridges) empowers stroke survivors and facilitates self-management within usual rehabilitation. We implemented Bridges into a New Zealand stroke service, aiming to identify context-specific delivery factors and long-term sustainability strategies. Using a case study design, data were collected from multiple sources, including meeting and training notes, researcher observations, workshop evaluations, and in-depth semi-structured interviews (n = 7). Data were compared for congruency or disparity, and integrated to develop a comprehensive case description. Overall, 69 health professionals were trained. Collectively, the data found Bridges to be conceptually acceptable and contextually appropriate, raising awareness of self-management support across the service. Identified key factors that would assist with the implementation of this new intervention, including the need for time and sustained support for staff; an initial small, contained inter-professional team; ongoing communication to staff by managers about their expectations and endorsement of the intervention; and staff “champions”, requiring training, resources, and managerial support. Whilst staff may value Bridges, they needed time and the opportunity to develop knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy to support patient self-management.
Benchmarking physiotherapists’ usual care for total hip and knee joint arthroplasty in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Hart Jessie , Tarrant Kathryn , Liew Susan , Kimmel Lara
Published: July 2021

This study presents findings from a benchmarking survey describing reported practice in Australia and New Zealand for for pre- and post-operative total joint arthroplasty management. The aim of this study was to identify differences in service delivery between both public and private healthcare sectors and geographical regions. Surveys were sent to senior physiotherapists and undertaken online. Responses were received from 125 institutions. Predicted length of stay (LOS) varied across regions with most therapists reporting an agreed LOS of ≥ 3 days (83% total hip arthroplasty; 89% total knee arthroplasty). Significantly longer LOS was reported in the private healthcare sector (p = 0.001). Patients in New Zealand and Western Australia were reported as more likely to be discharged directly home following total hip arthroplasty (p = 0.001) and total knee arthroplasty (p < 0.001) compared with other regions. The majority of physiotherapists suggested they would mobilise patients on post-operative day 0 (total hip arthroplasty 53%; total knee arthroplasty 55%), with both hospital and patient factors cited as barriers to early mobility. Heterogeneity of care across both healthcare sector and region is prevalent following elective total joint arthroplasty in Australia and New Zealand. Research opportunities regarding optimal management remain, particularly in regard to discharge destination, length of stay, and timing of first mobility.
Challenges for adherence to bacterial resistance actions in large hospitals
Authors: Mello Mariana Sanches de , Oliveira Adriana Cristina
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the challenges to actions to contain bacterial resistance. Methods: cross-sectional study, carried out in 30 large-sized hospitals in Minas Gerais, from 2018 to 2019. The professionals were interviewed, and the environment and actions to prevent bacterial resistance were observed. Results: regarding the knowledge of health care professionals about the measures of bacterial resistance prevention, 78.3% did not correctly describe the five moments of hand hygiene, and 76.6% did not correctly describe the measures to control bacterial resistance. The simple hygiene of hands, followed by alcohol rubbing was predominant (48.3%) among workers, and soap dispensers were next to alcohol dispensers in 58.3% of the nursing stations in care units. Conclusions: the insufficient knowledge from the professionals, which is a failure related to the physical structure and to personal protection equipment, are factors that difficult the adherence to measures to contain bacterial resistance in hospitals.
Impact of the contamination time by Escherichia coli on biofilm formation in surgical instruments
Authors: Evangelista Síntia de Souza , Santos Simone Gonçalves dos , Oliveira Adriana Cristina de
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the microbial load and adherence of Escherichia coli in different areas of the surgical instrument surface exposed to experimental contamination over time. Methods: experimental study in which fragments of crile forceps (serrated, rod and rack) were contaminated by immersion in Tryptic Soy Broth, containing 106 CFU/mL of E. coli, for 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours. Microbial load and bacterial adherence were evaluated using microbiological culture and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Results: there was an increase in the microbial load on the surgical instrument, proportional to the contamination interval, ranging from 102 after 1 hour to 105 CFU/cm2 in 24 hours. The presence of exopolysaccharide was detected after two hours of contamination. Conclusions: microbial load and adhesion of E. coli increased over time, reaching 105 CFU/cm2 after 24 hours of contamination, starting biofilm formation after two hours.
Association between family dynamics and use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs by adolescents
Authors: Silva Darine Marie Rodrigues da , Costa Diogo Timóteo , Rocha Grizielle Sandrine de Araujo , Monteiro Estela Maria Leite Meirelles , Gomes Betânia da Mata Ribeiro , Souza Claudinalle Farias Queiroz de , Aquino Jael Maria de
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze, in the light of systemic thinking, the association between family dynamics and the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs by adolescents throughout life. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in nine public schools in the city of Recife. Three hundred and sixty-four adolescents aged 14 to 19 years participated. We used three questionnaires: The Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test, a reduced version of the Drug Use Screening Inventory; and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: there was an association between parents/guardians ignoring what the child considers meaningful to him and the consumption of alcohol and tobacco by adolescents; we also verified an association between the occurrence of conflicting relationships and the consumption of illicit drugs by adolescents. Conclusions: it confirmed that disorganization in the family system, marked by impairments in emotional connections among members, and fragility in the sense of belonging are associated with the consumption of drugs in life by adolescents.
Aging: the experience of nurses working in a hospital
Authors: Braz Maria de Lourdes Dias , Gutierrez Beatriz Aparecida Ozello , Alvarenga Glaucia Martins de Oliveira , Quintans Jeane Roza , Santos Aparecida Bernardes dos , Chubaci Rosa Yuka Sato
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand the experience of aging in the perspective of nurses working in a hospital environment. Methods: descriptive study with a qualitative approach, with interviews based on six guiding questions analyzed through Martín Heidegger’s perspective on Phenomenology. Results: eleven nurses with a mean age of 46.2 years old participated in the study. The study unveiled the phenomenon of being a nurse in the process of aging. The speeches were divided into three categories: Being-there and the different faces of aging; Being-in-the-world of work; Being-in-the-world of old age. Final Considerations: there was a trend towards a positive search for aging and active old age, but aspects such as fear of loneliness and abandonment (“Being-in-the-world of old age”) emerged through fearful speeches. There is a need for gerontological education so that nurses can properly discuss and plan a healthy aging process and achieve a dignified old age.
Factors associated with alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use among Brazilian undergraduate students
Authors: Simplício Mayla Paula Torres , Silva Leonardo Barbosa e , Juvanho Leidjaira Lopes , Priore Silvia Eloiza , Franceschini Sylvia do Carmo Castro
Published: July 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the factors associated with the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs among Brazilian undergraduate students. Methods: observational, cross-sectional study, with convenience sampling, conducted in 2014/2015, involving institutional data and a self-completed online questionnaire, analyzed using measures of frequency, central tendency/dispersion and logistic regression. Results: among 126,326 students, 62.8% reported alcohol use; 11%, tobacco; and 7.5%, illicit drugs. Several academic factors-such as not residing with family (sororities [alcohol: aOR:2.38;95%CI:2.28-2.48; tobacco: AOR:2.20;95%CI:2.09-2.33; illicit drugs: AOR:2.53;95%CI:2.38-2.70]), acting in university movements (student [alcohol: AOR:1.74;95%CI:1.65-1.83; tobacco: AOR:1.97;95%CI:1.86-2.08; illicit drugs: AOR:2.43;95%CI:2.28-2.59] and religious [alcohol: AOR:0.28;95%CI:0.26-0.29; tobacco: AOR:0.23;95%CI:0.21-0.26; illicit drugs: AOR:0.18;95%CI:0.16-0.21]) and lack of discipline/study habit (alcohol: AOR:1.41;95%CI:1.37-1.45; tobacco: AOR:1.53;95%CI:1.46-1.59; illicit drugs: AOR:1.85;95%CI:1.76-1.94) - were associated with the use of the three categories of substances. Conclusions: we identified that a number of academic factors are associated with licit and illicit drug use. These findings may help in designing preventive strategies among college students.