bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the vaginal microbiota in women with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Luzanova E. I. , Karpova M. I. , Abramovskikh O. S. , Dolgushina V. F. , Chetvernina E. A. , Kupriyanov S. V.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system predominantly affecting women of reproductive age. It is known that there is a high incidence of low urinary tract infections in MS. However, information about microbiology of the genital tract in women with MS is extremely limited.

Aim. To study the qualitative and quantitative composition of the vaginal microflora in patients with MS.

Materials and methods. 19 patients with relapsing-remitting MS of the main group and 19 healthy women of the control group, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora in the vaginal secretion was determined using the polymerase chain reaction method in real time (a set of reagents was used to study the biocenosis of the urogenital tract in women, Femoflor 16, DNA-Technology, Moscow), a gynecological smear from the vagina was performed. The neurological status was assessed using the EDSS scale and The questionnaire on pelvic organ function. The following statistical indicators were determined: frequency, spread, average and χ² test.

Results. A status of normocenosis was observed in the majority of women with MS (14 subjects, 73.7%), Lactobacillus bacteria were found in 16 subjects (84.2%), and an increased number of facultative anaerobes was identified in 7 subjects (37.4%), there were no significant differences with the comparator group. Bacteriological examination findings from vaginal smears did not show any signs of inflammation in either group. A high incidence of vaginal infections in anamnesis was reported in women with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (16 subjects, 84.2%).

Conclusion. Data on the state of the vaginal biocenosis of women with MS has been presented for the first time. It was found the preservation of normocenosis with a tendency to shift the balance towards dysbiotic processes in the vagina.
The role of probiotics in maintaining vaginal ecosystem
Authors: Apolikhina I. A. , Tarnaeva L. A.
Published: November 2024

A disturbed vaginal ecosystem is characterized by reduced or non-existing lactobacillary flora and damaged vaginal epithelium. It may not always be apparent whether alterations of the vaginal epithelium or pathogenic microorganisms are the primary cause of a disturbed vaginal ecosystem. Estriol plays a key role in developing and maintaining a healthy vaginal epithelium, stimulating cell growth and differentiation, increases epithelial thickness, and also promotes glycogen synthesis, which is required to maintain an acidic environment. Estriol deficiency results in the vulvovaginal atrophy and the development of atrophic vaginitis. In turn, Lactobacillus acidophilus maintains a healthy microbiome, protecting against infections and creating an acidic environment unfavourable for the growth of pathogens. In recent years, an increasing interest has been developed in probiotics with the belief that probiotics could be able to restore the vaginal microbiota health. A review of scientific articles on the use of an ultra-low-dose vaginal estriol 0.03 mg in combination with Lactobacillus acidophilus to normalize the vaginal microbiota and treat vaginal infections has been conducted. An analysis of published clinical studies and meta-analyses on the use of probiotics in vaginal infections showed the mechanisms of action of probiotics, their biological role and clinical effects. The integration of probiotics into the treatment and prevention of bacterial vaginosis is growing more urgent. The results of numerous studies and meta-analyses confirmed their high efficacy and safety. The supplementation of standard antibiotic therapy with probiotics improves cure rates, restores normal vaginal microflora and reduces the risk of relapse. Therefore, further studies on the use of probiotics to develop more effective and personalized treatment strategies providing long-term results are needed. The publication of new evidence will make it possible to introduce best practices into clinical practice and ensure a healthier future for patients worldwide.
The role of progesterone preparations in the prevention of premature birth: a modern view of the problem
Authors: Khashukoyeva A. Z. , Agayeva M. I. , Savchenko T. N. , Agayeva Z. A. , Burdenko M. V. , Lobacheva Yu I Yu. I.
Published: November 2024

Despite significant progress achieved in healthcare, preterm birth is an urgent problem in modern obstetrics. The preterm birth can be caused by various risk factors: for example, an ascending infection can trigger the onset of uterine contractions, cervical shortening followed by infection of the fetal membranes, amniotic fluid, and, in rare cases, the fetus itself. In most cases, the infectious and inflammatory process is the etiopathogenetic factor of isthmic-cervical insufficiency (ICI), one of the common causes of late miscarriages and preterm births. The period between 14 and 20 weeks of gestation is the most critical time for the development of ICI. The dynamic ultrasound cervicometry once every 7–14 days from week 16 through week 24 of pregnancy is recommended to the patients with ICI, as well as pregnant women in the high-risk group. Most professional societies guidelines addressing this issue recommend all pregnant women to perform routine transvaginal cervicometry during the second ultrasound screening for the timely formation of risk groups and optimization of approaches to the patient  management. The following groups of drugs are used to prevent preterm birth: micronized progesterone, slow calcium channel blockers, β-adrenergic agonists, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The use of progesterone drugs to prevent preterm birth has generated much debate. Thus, the availability of several forms of progesterone and various routes of administration determine the complexity of the drug therapy. Micronized progesterone is the only progesterone drug that was approved for use after 20 weeks of gestation. The vaginal micronized progesterone has been found to be highly effective in the prevention of preterm birth, significantly reduce neonatal mortality and improve infant morbidity outcomes.
Approaches to early detection of atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome after childbirth
Authors: Kirsanova T. V. , Balakireva A. I. , Fedorova T. A. , Kolobov EP E. P.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. Differentiating conditions accompanied by the development of thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) in obstetrics is still rather challenging. Our present opinion is that the effect of childbirth on the TMA symptom regression is the key to differential diagnosis. If hemolysis and thrombocytopenia regress after childbirth, we can talk about HELLP syndrome. If not, we should think about atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS). aHUS is an extremely rare disease characterized by TMA predominantly involving acute kidney injury. However, the diagnostic task can also be difficult due to possible overlapping one process with another: for example, HELLP syndrome can trigger aHUS, but which of the patients is more susceptible to this transformation is unclear.

Aim. To identify clinical and laboratory criteria that can be used to early detect aHUS immediately after childbirth.

Materials and methods. A total of 230 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 71 women were diagnosed with aHUS, 124 patients with HELLP syndrome, and 35 patients without signs of TMA were enrolled in the control group. We assessed and compared the main clinical, anamnestic and laboratory findings.

Results. Women with HELLP syndrome and aHUS were comparable in terms of age, frequency of operative delivery and gestational age at delivery, and adverse perinatal outcomes. Peak serum creatinine and LDH values after delivery were the most useful to early predict aHUS. Serum creatinine > 142 μmol/L and LDH > 1391 U/L were associated with the transformation of HELLP syndrome into aHUS.

Conclusion. We concluded that standard laboratory data, most specifically peak serum creatinine and LDH, may be used to aid in the early diagnosis of aHUS.
La intervención psicopedagógica en la Fundación UAQUE: estudio de casos en alumnas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista
Authors: Lamprea Altuve Diego Armando
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio estuvo centrado en describir la intervención psicopedagógica realizada para la mejora de habilidades y competencias en lectura, escritura y cálculo en niñas diagnosticadas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Se trabajó bajo una metodología de investigación-acción con enfoque cualitativo y de alcance descriptivo. Las participantes fueron 2 niñas, la primera de 9 años que cursa segundo grado de primaria y la segunda de 14 años de grado noveno de secundaria, ambas diagnosticadas con TEA. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron los Formatos de Valoración Psicopedagógica UAQUE (ciclo escolar 2023-2024). En cuanto a los resultados, se evidencia una mejora significativa en las habilidades y competencias en lectura, escritura y cálculo de ambas participantes. Se concluye que la intervención psicopedagógica coadyuvó al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de las participantes; sin embargo, existen áreas de oportunidad de mejora tales como la necesidad de la formación continua de los profesionales en intervención de diversos diagnósticos, la aplicación de las flexibilizaciones y adaptaciones necesarias para casos específicos en educación especial y el diseño de nuevos instrumentos para el seguimiento académico de esta población, entre otros.
Geo-spatial analyses of meandering rivers, assessing past and future impacts on bank landforms and LULC changes
Authors: Nath Apurba , Ghosh Susmita
Published: November 2024

Morphological investigation of rivers is difficult but is one of the vital topics for the management of highly meandering river systems. The study employs a geographical information system (GIS) to analyse 32 years of Barak River data, addressing challenges in quantifying the morphology of meandering rivers. Earth observatory data from 1990 to 2022 track channel bank shifts and Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) alterations. Although the digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) model identified long-term bank line migration analysis of shorelines, its use is very new for rivers, especially in terms of the meandering of rivers. Conversely, research on long-term meandering river morphology in the Barak River channel has not been conducted despite evident land-use changes. Using DSAS for bank positions and cellular Automata -Markov (CA -Markov) models for LULC, future projections until 2043 reveal ongoing Barak River bank shifts and significant LULC pattern alterations. The findings of the research were validated through root mean square error (RMSE), Student's t-test, chi-square, and the kappa coefficient. Forecasts indicate that rapid urbanization impacts river morphology. The methodology is crucial for managing highly meandering rivers, particularly in contexts involving vulnerable river systems.
Investigation of particle size distribution and ultrafiltration of digestates from short-fibre residues in paper mills
Authors: Cheenakula Dheeraja , Hilmi Rida , Semchuk Ivan , Pettrak Jürgen , Kuperjans Isabel , Grömping Markus , Beier Silvio
Published: November 2024

Industrial digestates from short-fibre residues, generated in paper recycling mills, are driving interest in resource recovery. This study aims to explore their potential for water recovery. Understanding particle dynamics aids in optimizing dewatering for digestate management. The particle size distribution in this study revealed significant fractions: <0.63 μm (6–20%), 0.63–20 μm (38–52%), and >20 μm (11–16%). Pre-treatment with Na4P2O7 and H2O2 enhances settling and lowers total dissolved solids (TDSs) but results in variation of size distribution. Additionally, this study investigates further water reuse in paper mills, focusing on the quality of ultrafiltration (UF) permeate obtained from the digestate of short fibres. UF permeate analysis reveals deviations from freshwater standards in paper mills. Despite effective TS removal, UF permeate falls short of paper mill water standards due to high TDSs, electrical conductivity, and nutrient concentrations, necessitating further downstream treatment with nanofiltration or reverse osmosis. A substantial reduction of permeate flux from 31 to 5 L/(m2·h) over the time indicated fouling and inefficient membrane wash. The silt density index of the UF membrane at 30 min registered 2.1, suggesting potential fouling. Further investigations on optimizing UF operations to enhance permeate flux and exploring alternative UF membranes are required.
Ecological Momentary Assessment of Self-Harm Thoughts and Behaviors: Systematic Review of Constructs From the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model
Authors: Winstone Lizzy , Heron Jon , John Ann , Kirtley Olivia J , Moran Paul , Muehlenkamp Jennifer , O'Connor Rory C , Mars Becky
Published: November 2024

Background

The integrated motivational-volitional model (IMV) is one of the leading theoretical models of suicidal thoughts and behavior. There has been a recent proliferation in the assessment of suicidal and nonsuicidal self-harm thoughts and behaviors (SHTBs) in daily life.

Objective

This systematic review synthesized evidence from ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies in the SHTB literature to address the following questions: (1) Which constructs in the IMV model have been assessed using EMA, and how have they been assessed? (2) Do different constructs from the IMV model fluctuate in daily life? (3) What is the relationship between the different IMV constructs and SHTBs in daily life?

Methods

Consistent with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, we conducted systematic searches of 5 databases—Web of Science, Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Europe PMC Preprints—from inception to March 26, 2024.

Results

Our searches resulted in the inclusion and narrative synthesis of 53 studies across 58 papers. A total of 15 IMV constructs were measured using EMA across the included papers. The most frequently measured constructs were thwarted belongingness (24/58, 41% of the papers), future thinking (20/58, 34% of the papers), and perceived burdensomeness (16/58, 28% of the papers). The least frequently measured constructs were humiliation, social problem-solving, mental imagery, and perceived capability for suicide. None of the included papers measured memory biases, goals, norms, or resilience using EMA. Comparison of intraclass correlation coefficients (45/58, 78% of the papers) revealed moderate but inconsistent within-person variance across all the examined constructs. We found evidence (39/58, 67% of the papers) of concurrent associations between almost all constructs and SHTBs in daily life, with some evidence that entrapment, shame, rumination, thwarted belongingness, hopelessness, social support, and impulsivity are additionally associated with SHTBs in lagged (ie, longitudinal) relationships.

Conclusions

Comparisons were hindered by variation in methodology, including the populations studied, EMA sampling scheme, operationalization of IMV constructs and SHTBs, and statistical approach used. Our findings suggest that EMA studies are a useful methodology for examining risk factors for SHTBs; however, more research is needed for some IMV constructs. Quality assessment suggested several areas for improvement in the reporting of EMA studies in this field.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42022349514; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=349514
Virtual Reality in mental health assessment: acceptability, usability and insights into cybersickness levels of a novel VR environment for the evaluation of depressive symptoms (Preprint)
Authors: Sutori Sara , Eliasson Emma , Mura Francesca , Ortiz Victor , Catrambone Vincenzo , Hadlaczky Gergö , Todorov Ivo , Alfeo Antonio Luca , Cardi Valentina , Cimino Mario G.C.A. , Mioni Giovanna , Raya Mariano Alcañiz , Valenza Gaetano , Carli Vladimir , Gentili Claudio
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND

There is a clear need for enhanced mental health assessment, depressive symptom evaluation being no exception. A promising approach to this aim is utilising Virtual Reality (VR), that entails the potential of adding a wider set of assessment domains with enhanced ecological validity. However, whilst several studies have utilised VR for both diagnostic and treatment purposes, its acceptance, in particular how exposure to virtual environments affect populations with psychiatric conditions remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE

The current study reports on the acceptability, usability and cybersickness levels of a pilot VR-environment designed for the purpose of differentiating between individuals with depressive symptoms.

METHODS

The study, conducted in Italy, included 50 healthy controls and 50 individuals with mild to moderate depressive symptoms and employed an observational design with circa 30-minute VR exposure followed by a self-report questionnaire battery.

RESULTS

Results indicate that the majority found VR acceptable for the purposes of mental health screening and treatment. However, for diagnostics, there was a clear preference for VR to be used by mental health professionals as a supplementary tool, as opposed to a standalone solution. In practice, following exposure to the pilot VR-environment, generally good levels of acceptability and usability were reported, but areas in need of improvement were identified (such as self-efficacy). Self-reported cybersickness levels were considerably higher among those with depressive symptoms. This finding raises questions about the potential interplay between underlying somatic symptoms of depression and VR-induced cybersickness and calls for more attention from the scientific community both in terms of methodology as well as clinical and theoretical implications.

CONCLUSIONS

Conclusively, user support indicates a potential for VR to aid mental health assessment, but further research is needed to understand how exposure to virtual environments might affect populations with psychiatric symptoms.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN16396369
Overview of the 10th Biennial Congress of the European Society of Endocrine Surgeons held in Rome on May 23–25, 2024
Authors: Authors No
Published: November 2024

No abstract
The effects of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy on serum levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1
Authors: Alkatib Waseem Ahmed , Mijbas Saad Ab-razaq , Meazher Nasser Madhlom , Alghazaly Ahmed Jasim Muhsin , Nasrawi Alaa Jumaah Manji
Published: November 2024

Background. It is unclear exactly how bariatric surgery affects the body’s metabolic and physiological functions. The purpose of the study was to assess the activity of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels in obese individuals before and six months after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Materials and methods. This study included 52 patients with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 35 to 56 kg/m2 who qualified for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and had completed data at the 6-month postoperative follow-up. All patients were clinically examined by a team of surgeons and a physician before operation. The serum levels of GH and IGF-1 were assessed pre- and post-operatively. Results. The study included 52 patients with obesity who were undergoing laparoscopic gastric sleeve surgery. Their mean age was 32.04 ± 6.90 years. More than half of the patients, 27 (51.9 %), were aged 19 to 32 years, 32 (61.5 %) patients were females, and 38 (73.1 %) had a BMI of 35–49.9 kg/m2. There was a significant increase in the serum GH after the sleeve gastrectomy compared to the pre-operative level (0.95 ± 0.30 vs 0.62 ± 0.40 ng/ml, p = 0.0001). IGF-1 also significantly increased after the surgery: 117.13 ± 32.40 vs 102.63 ± 33.90 ng/ml (p = 0.0001). Concerning BMI, there was no significant difference in the GH mean for patients with a BMI of 35–49.9 and 50–56 kg/m2 pre- and post-operatively: 0.6 vs 0.8 (p = 0.07) and 0.9 vs 1 (p = 0.5), respectively. On the other hand, IGF-1 exhibited a significant difference before and after surgery: 107.7 vs 88.9 ng/ml (p = 0.02) and 123.2 vs 100.7 (p = 0.03). Conclusions. This study concludes that sleeve gastrectomy significantly increases the serum level of both GH and IGF-1 and, consequently, their effects on disturbed lipid and protein metabolism in morbidly obese patients.
Use of the immunohistochemical marker HBME-1 to optimize the diagnosis of follicular carcinomas
Authors: Nechay O.P. , Belemets N.M. , Huz O.O. , Kvitka D.M. , Tovkai O.A. , Globa E.V.
Published: November 2024

Background. In clinical practice, there are often patients with a diagnosis of benign follicular adenoma (FA) and follicular tumor with an uncertain malignant potential, whose diagnoses must be changed to malignant processes due to relapse or metastasis observed over time. The purpose of the study was to optimize the differential diagnosis of FA and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) using the immunohistochemical (IHC) marker HBME-1 on the histological material of patients who were operated for nodular goiter with a cytological conclusion corresponding to the Bethesda categories III–V. Materials and methods. One hundred and twenty-four patients underwent surgery for follicular nodular neoplasms with a cytological conclusion according to Bethesda Gray zone and had a histological diagnosis of FTC in 23 ca­ses (18.55 %) and FA in 101 cases (81.45 %). IHC analysis was performed using mouse monoclonal antibodies against human HBME-1 (Bio SB, USA). Evaluation criteria corresponded to the strength of staining (from 0 to 3). Results. According to the intensity of IHC staining, there was an increase in the diagnosis of FTC (p < 0.05): 0 — 0 %, 1 — 12.7 %, 2 — 25 %, 3 — 36.4 %. Histopathological findings were reexamined for FA that had the strongest staining reaction: in 3 (2.97 %) cases, the diagnosis was changed to FTC. Accor­dingly, the total number of detected FTC increased to 26 (20.96 %). These cases showed a good positive result regarding IHC study with HMBE-1 on FA preparations for a differential diagnosis between FA and FTC. Conclusions. HBME-1 can serve as an IHC marker for the differential diagnosis of FA and FTC in cases considered as FA, as after the study, the diagnosis was changed to FTC in 2.97 % of patients.
Neurological and psycho-emotional manifestations of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy
Authors: Paienok O.S. , Paienok A.V. , Hrytsyshyn B.R. , Ihnatovych S.V. , Soloshchenko V.I.
Published: November 2024

Background. Hyperthyroidism is a state of thyroid hormone excess, which increases the metabolic rate and causes symptoms including anxiety and tremor. Graves’ disease is the most common etiology in developed countries. Excessive levels of thyroid hormones can impact mood, energy levels, and overall well-being. It is crucial to differentiate between symptoms related to thyroid function and clinical depression. The purpose of the study was to investigate the neurological and psycho-emotional manifestations of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy. Materials and methods. An examination of 50 pregnant women with subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism and 20 healthy women (control group) in the second trimester of pregnancy using the method of standardized multivariate personality study was carried out. Results. Based on the results of the study, it can be argued that pregnant women with thyrotoxicosis have changes in the psycho-emotional sphere: psychological maladaptation to the disease, an increase in the level of anxiety with hypochondriac tendencies, neuroticism, a decrease in intellectual performance and activity, a pronounced feeling of depression, anxiety, low mood. The identified criteria allow us to attribute these changes to the personality pattern or to the manifestations of a pathological neurotic state in conditions of mal­adaptation. The specific condition and behavior of pregnant women with thyrotoxicosis requires timely diagnosis and appropriate correction, which will contribute to the normalization and improvement of the psychological state, prevent the development of chronic stress and the occurrence of perinatal complications. Conclusions. Pregnant women with thyrotoxicosis have changes in the psycho-emotional sphere: psychological maladaptation to the disease, an increase in the level of anxiety with hypochondriac tendencies, neuroticism, a decrease in intellectual performance and activity, a pronounced feeling of depression and anxiety.
Post-traumatic stress disorder and metabolic syndrome: the role of some antioxidants in treatment
Authors: Serhiyenko V.O. , Oliinyk A.Yu. , Pavlovskiy Ya.I. , Kruk O.S. , Serhiyenko O.O.
Published: November 2024

The basis for the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, cancer, metabolic diseases, low-grade chronic inflammation (LGCI) and many other disorders is an imbalance between prooxidants and the antioxidant defense system. It is believed that the link between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is based on oxidative stress (OS), increased autonomic nervous system activity, glucocorticoid synthesis activation, or immunological dysregulation. Moreover, pathophysiological changes in the systemic LGCI pathways that result from modifications in glucocorticoid receptor reactivity (secondary to emotional and physiological arousal) may be the basis for inappropriate social behavior consistent with PTSD and MetS manifestations. Recently, evidence has emerged suggesting that a combination of high levels of systemic OS and activation of LGCI plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PTSD. On the other hand, PTSD is a type of recurrent and long-term trauma that exacerbates OS and accele­rates cellular aging. LGCI is accompanied by the release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, proinflammatory cytokines, and other biologically active substances that cause OS. The purpose of this review was to discuss the role of individual antioxidants, in particular polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, N-acetylcysteine, melatonin, L-arginine, C and E vitamins, zinc, copper, and selenium, in the prevention/treatment of comorbid pathology of PTSD and MetS, as well as to analyze new trends and directions for future research. The search was conducted in Scopus, Science Direct (from Else­vier) and PubMed, including MEDLINE databases. The keywords used were “post-traumatic stress disorder,” “metabolic syndrome,” and “antioxidants.” To identify research results that could not be found during the online search, a manual search of the bibliography of publications was used.
A Secure and Transparent Voting System using Blockchain Technology
Authors: Deokar Mrs. Anuradha
Published: November 2024

Blockchain-based voting systems present a transformative approach to resolving the limitations found in conventional voting methods. Traditional electoral processes frequently suffer from issues like vote manipulation, fraud, uncertainty, and inefficiencies in vote counting. By leveraging the decentralized nature of blockchain technology, these challenges can be mitigated, creating a secure, unchangeable, and transparent platform for vote recording and tallying. Once a vote is registered on the blockchain, it becomes unalterable, safeguarding election results against any form of tampering or external manipulation. Each vote is stored as a cryptographic entry, chained to the preceding data, which fortifies the overall security of the voting record against unauthorized modifications. This structure upholds the integrity of the election data, ensuring robust control over the electoral process. With the blockchain ledger publicly accessible, all participants—including voters and candidates—can verify results in real time, promoting confidence in the accuracy of the voting process. The technology's decentralized framework eliminates the need for centralized oversight, reducing the risks of manipulation or corruption by third parties. Additionally, this approach maintains voter privacy, allowing individuals to cast their votes confidentially without fear of personal information exposure or reprisal. Smart contracts within the system automate essential functions such as voter registration, identity validation, and vote casting, minimizing human errors and enabling seamless election processes. In conclusion, adopting blockchain technology in voting systems has the potential to greatly enhance security, transparency, and trust, thereby supporting and strengthening democratic practices on a global scale.
Decentralizing AI Computing: A Study with IPFS and Public Peer-to-Peer Networks
Authors: Venkatesh M. J. Guru
Published: November 2024

Ipfs and public peer-to-peer (P2P) networks were adopted to make AI calculations more decentralized. Taking AI workloads over a decentralized network could bring better fault tolerance, guarantee data safety, and increased privacy. This research explores the challenges of centralized AI, such as data confidentiality, scalability, and accessibility, while discussing the promise of decentralized AI. Combining IPFS with decentralized systems improves scalability, data protection, and fault tolerance.
A Machine Learning Approach to Early Detection and Malignancy Prediction in Breast Cancer
Authors: ÖZNACAR Tuğçe , ERGENE Neyhan
Published: November 2024

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women, making early detection crucial for effective treatment. Traditional diagnostic methods often face limitations, leading to potential errors in diagnosis. This study explores the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in breast cancer diagnosis, particularly through models like AdaBoost, SVM, Random Forest, and logistic regression. By analyzing key variables—such as age, tumor size, and menopausal status—this research aims to accurately differentiate between malignant and benign lesions.
The findings reveal that the AdaBoost model significantly outperforms others, achieving an impressive AUC of 93.60% and a precision rate of 95.65%. This indicates its exceptional ability to accurately classify cases, minimizing false positives and ensuring reliable detection of true positives. With an F1 score of 86.27%, AdaBoost effectively balances precision and recall, positioning it as a valuable tool in clinical settings.
Overall, this study underscores the importance of integrating AI-driven approaches in breast cancer diagnosis, enhancing accuracy and improving patient outcomes while reducing unnecessary invasive procedures. The promising results advocate for the adoption of these advanced techniques in healthcare, paving the way for more personalized and effective treatment strategies.
Saneamento básico e qualidade de vida como tema gerador de uma proposta de inserção da Educação Ambiental Crítica no ensino da Matemática na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA)
Authors: ANDRADE C. C. , OBARA A. T.
Published: November 2024

The present research aimed to understand how the proposition of didactic strategies in Environmental Education (EE), having as a methodological basis the generating themes, proposed by Paulo Freire, in the teaching of Mathematics in Youth and Adult Education (EJA) can contribute to a critical and potentially transformative training. For this purpose, we developed a qualitative research, characterized as a case study, with students of Mathematics - Elementary School at EJA. It were developed Didactic Sequences (SD), based on the generative theme “Basic Sanitation and Quality of Life”, where we approached the mathematical knowledge inserted in activities contextualized in the students’ daily life under a critical point of view. When we analyzed the implementation of the SD, we found a dependence of younger students on technology and the influence of the knowledge of colleagues, with greater life experience, during the carrying out their activities In addition, it was evident that students interacted, defended their point of view and were aware of their individual responsibility in relation to basic sanitation. We also observed the students’ immense difficulty with mathematical operations involving decimals and textual interpretation, as well as with performing calculations with or without a calculator. Therefore, we conclude it is relevant for EJA students that more interventions with this approach are carried out, because associating socio-environmental aspects to the teaching of Mathematics in EJA, the teaching and learning process becomes much more significant and transformative.
The knowledge gaps in social media marketing for the agriculture industry
Authors: Chiu Yu-Wen
Published: November 2024

By applying the PZB gap theorem and its extension of knowledge gap model, this study explores the gaps between the knowledge capabilities needed for social media marketing and what agricultural organizations such as cooperatives or family farms have done from the strategic perception aspect, planning aspect to implementation aspect. This study employs a case study approach combined with a structured questionnaire distributed to top agricultural organizations in Taiwan, focusing on social media marketing within the knowledge management framework. The results of empirical analysis exhibit two gaps significantly impact the corporate performance, namely: the gap between the obtained knowledge capabilities after implementing the social media marketing plan and the actually required ones for the enhancement of corporate competitiveness in social media marketing; the gap between the knowledge capabilities for enhancing corporate competitiveness in social media marketing perceived by senior managers and perceived by employees. Based on the findings, this study suggest the agricultural organizations could try to improve by reducing these two gaps of implementation aspect to improve their performance. Finally, the in-depth interviews with two agricultural organizations could establish a practical understanding of the relationship between these empirical findings and business practices.
A two-warehouse deteriorating inventory model with credit period and price dependent demand under partial partially backlogged shortages
Authors: Halder Partha , Mondal Rajan , Mandal Goutam , Bhunia Asoke Kumar
Published: November 2024

This work is the demonstration of a two-storage inventory model for
deteriorating items, considering bi-level trade credit facility. The
customers’ demand is dependent on selling price of the item and credit
period offered by the retailer. Further, the items are deteriorating at
a constant rate during stock-in situation but the deterioration rates of
the items in different warehouse are different. According to the credit
period provided by the supplier to retailer, three distinct scenarios
may arise among which are discussed in detail. The corresponding
optimization problems are solved with the help of three tournament-based
hybrid algorithms (tournament differential evolution (TDE), tournament
teaching learning based optimization (TTLBO) and tournament RAO-3
algorithms). Further, the feasibility of the proposed model is validated
by considering a numerical example. Finally, the impacts of different
system parameters on optimal policy are studied with the help of
sensitivity experiment and its impacts are shown graphically.
Professionell självförståelse och personligt värdesystem: förskollärarstudenters konstruktioner av en yrkesidentitet
Authors: Kallberg Pernilla , Catucci Ester , Welén Therese , Ärlemalm-Hagsér Eva
Published: November 2024

Syftet är att fördjupa kunskapen om förskollärarstudenters konstruktioner av en blivande yrkesidentitet i reflektionstexter och vilka dilemman som framträder i relation till en förändrad utbildningskontext för förskola. 40 reflektionstexter har analyserats utifrån lärares tolkande referensram (Keltchermans, 2009). Resultatet visar att professionell självförståelse uttrycks i form av en demokratisk förebild med relationskompetens som verkar för olika innehåll med barnet i centrum, förankrat i det demokratiska uppdraget. Med utgångspunkt i styrdokument, tidigare erfarenheter och pedagogiska teorier uttrycks personliga värdesystem. Ett implicit dilemma är hur den demokratiska förebilden beskrivs utifrån handlingar som karaktäriseras av instruktion och vuxenstyrning. Ett explicit uttryckt dilemma berör ramfaktorernas begränsningar för pedagogiska val. Samtidigt förstås ramfaktorerna utgöra grund för reflekterat handlande som bemöter förskolans förändrade villkor.
English abstract
Professional Self-understanding and Subjective Educational Theory: Preschool Teacher Students’ Constructions of a Professional Identity
The aim is to deepen the knowledge of preschool teacher students’ constructions of a future professional identity in reflection texts and the dilemmas that emerge in relation to a changed educational context for preschool. 40 reflection texts have been analyzed based on teachers’ personal interpretative framework (Keltchermans, 2009). The result shows that professional self-understanding is expressed in the form of a democratic role model with relational skills who work for different content with the child in the center, anchored in the democratic mission. Based on policy documents, previous experiences and pedagogical theories, subjective educational theories are expressed. An implicit dilemma is how the democratic role model is described in terms of actions that are characterized by instruction and adult control. An explicitly expressed dilemma concerns the limitations of the framework factors for pedagogical choices. At the same time, the frame factors are understood to form the basis for reflective actions that respond to the changing conditions of preschool.
Assessment of Indoor Air Quality and Influential Factors: A Study in Rural Areas of Solan District, Himachal Pradesh (India)
Authors: Thakur Komal , Brahmi Mohinder Kumar , Dogra Karina , Bhanwala Vivek , Tomar Sakshi
Published: November 2024

The study was conducted during December, 2020 to June, 2021 to assess indoor air quality (IAQ) and develop amelioration strategies in rural areas of the Solan district, located in Himachal Pradesh, India. A well-structured pre-tested questionnaire was used to assess the factors responsible for indoor air quality.The indoor air quality parameters including PM10, Non-Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (NRSPM), Total Suspended Particulate Matter (TSPM), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and Sulfur dioxide (SO2)were studied to calculate air quality index.The findings revealed substantial variation in pollution levels among different villages. Nauni village had the highest concentration of pollutants, with PM10 levels at 24.17 µg m3-1, NRSPM at 20.37 µg m3-1, TSPM at 44.54 µg m3-1, NO2 at 12.54 µg m3-1 and SO2 at 0.35 µg m3-1. In contrast, Nagali village has the lowest levels of these contaminants. Despite variations, all recorded values were within permissible limits. Nine factors were identified as contributing to poor indoor air quality: fuel wood-based cooking, smoke sources, mode of ventilation, insect/pest control measures, waste disposal near the house, use of perfumes and air freshners, cowshed near the house, intermittent cleaning, and dampness in the house due to leakage. To reduce indoor air pollution in rural areas, the study suggests establishing concentrated methods that address these specific issues. Proper ventilation, alternate cooking methods and better waste management procedures are important steps in improving indoor air quality and protecting public health.
Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom could be a Viable Option for Doubling the Farmer’s Income - An Overview
Authors: Chauhan Anita , Negi Shivangi , Kaur Rupinder , Chauhan Manish , Dhanai Rekha , Negi Pankaj Singh
Published: November 2024

Our country is celebrating 75th year of Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsava and our Government is very much focused on how to double the farmer’s income, it is the utmost duty of every researcher, educationist and agriculture scientist to explore the ways and means to achieve this target. The cultivation of oyster mushrooms has the potential to significantly increase the income of farmers. Oyster mushrooms are easy to grow, require minimal resources, and have a high market demand. By cultivating oyster mushrooms, farmers can diversify their income streams and increase their profits. This abstract suggests that oyster mushroom cultivation could be a viable option for farmers looking to double their income. Indian economy is primarily agriculture based and where the average income from Agriculture Sector ha-1 is very less in comparison to the other developed nations of the world. This is a call of time to enhance the farmer’s income so they can live their lives in a lucrative manner. Present objective cannot be achieved merely by enhancing the price of the different agricultural produce which the farmers grow on their farm lands, but we should include certain other practical implications to increase the existing productivity level of different agricultural and allied ventures by diversifying farm enterprises.  Mushroom culture is one of such enterprises with particular reference to oyster mushroom which has the vast potential to double the existing income level of farmers and this enterprise can easily be adopted by any category of farmers even having marginal landholding.
FORMULASI SEDIAAN SERUM ANTIOKSIDAN DARI EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi L.)
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Raharjo Danang , Permata Bangkit Riska
Published: November 2024

Buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) merupakan tanaman yang mengandung senyawa saponin, pektin, vitamin C, flavonoid yang dapat menangkal radikal bebas penyebab kerusakan pada kulit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mutu fisik ektrak dan aktivitas antioksidan sediaan serum ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh dengan konsentrasi 5%, 7,5%, dan 10%. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil). Uji mutu fisika meliputi uji pH, viskositas, organoleptis, daya lekat, dan daya sebar. Hasil pengujian mutu fisik sediaan serum yaitu pH sedian berkisar antara 4,26–4,74; viskositas berkisar antara 2007,00–2886,67 cPs; daya sebar berkisar antara 6,30–7,57 cm dan daya lekat berkisar antara 1,55–2,36 detik. Hasil pengujian antikoksidan didapatkan nilai IC50 masing-masing formula sebagai berikut: formula I 154,43 ppm; formula II 96,18 ppm dan formula III 49,58 ppm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan variasi konsentrasi kandungan ekstrak etanol buah belimbing wuluh mempengaruhi mutu fisik dan formula III dengan kandungan 10% ekstrak memberikan aktivitas antioksidan terkuat.
KARAKTERISTIK, AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN, DAN FORMULASI EMULGEL EKSTRAK JAHE EMPRIT (Zingiber officinale var Amarum)
Authors: Suyudi Salsabiela Dwiyudrisa , Vifta Rissa Laila , Trisnaningsih Hanifah
Published: November 2024

Jahe emprit (Zingiber officinale var Amarum) memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik. Penangkalan radikal bebas oleh senyawa fenolik dapat membantu kulit dalam melindungi tubuh. Emulgel merupakan basis dengan karakteristik bentuk yang stabil dan menyenangkan untuk digunakan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak dan formulasi emulgel ekstrak jahe emprit. Metode penelitian yaitu karakteristik simplisia dan ekstrak etanol jahe emprit, uji aktivitas antioksidan metode 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), formulasi, karakteristik, dan stabilitas emulgel. Hasil menunjukkan ekstrak berwarna hijau kehitaman, terdapat senyawa fenol, flavonoid, tanin, dan alkaloid. Kadar air simplisia 9,51%, kadar abu simplisia 2,8%, kadar sari larut air simplisia dan ekstrak 9% dan 4%, kadar sari larut alkohol simplisia dan ekstrak 0,2% dan 10%. Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak jahe emprit diperoleh IC50 dengan nilai 92,31±0,002 (µg/mL) dengan kategori kuat. Formulasi I, II, dan III berwarna coklat muda, kental, dan bau khas dengan nilai pH 4,84±0,44; 4,80±0,02; dan 4,70±0,03. Hasil uji daya sebar formula I, II, dan III berturut-turut adalah 2,87±0,01cm, 2,7±0,03 cm, dan 2,66±0,07 cm, daya lekat formula I, II, dan III adalah 2,0±0,10 detik, 2,4±0,25 detik, dan 2,6±0,15 detik. Viskositas formula I, II, dan III yaitu 2.640±0,02cPs, 3.132±0,01cPs, dan 3.216±0,005cPs. Sediaan emulgel menunjukkan tidak mengalami perubahan selama 30 hari dibuktikan dengan nilai P > 0,05 dengan metode uji paired sampel t-test dan Wilcoxon.
COST OF ILLNESS ANALYSIS OF EPILEPSY OUTPATIENTS USING VALPROIC ACID, PHENYTOIN AND CARBAMAZEPINE THERAPY IN HOSPITAL IN INDONESIA
Authors: Nurmesa Adi , Putra Dimas Setyadi , Rachman Abu , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: November 2024

Epilepsy is a condition of the onset of attacks in the form of abnormal, irregular brain nerve cell movements, occurring repeatedly and causing temporary motor, sensory or mental function disorders. The treatment of epilepsy has costs that must be known, including direct medical costs, indirect medical costs, and indirect costs; this study aims to determine the cost of illness of epilepsy in one hospital in banyuasin regency with retrospective costing in outpatients. The research method used in this study is a cross-sectional study using patient medical record data and cost data taken from BPJS claims data and hospital rate patterns. This study uses the BPJS perspective and societal perspective, the cost data taken from the BPJS perspective is the result of BPJS claims according to the INACBGs. Package tariff and for the socital perspective the data taken is doctor consultation data, administrative costs, laboratory costs, drug costs and transportation costs and lost productivity costs carried out by interview method for 12 months. The results of this study indicate that the cost of epilepsy outpatients from a societal perspective is Rp.3,141,414 and for BPJS perspective is Rp.2,338,567.
EVALUASI KESESUAIAN PENYIMPANAN OBAT DI 4 APOTEK KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO TAHUN 2024
Authors: Saifuddin Ratu Azmy Mahardika , Mutmainah Nurul
Published: November 2024

Faktor yang menjadi penyebab menurunnya kualitas obat meliputi stabilitas serta suhu yang tidak sesuai. Hal ini dikarenakan penyimpanan obat yang tidak sesuai dapat menyebabkan sebagian efek potensi produk menjadi rusak, sehingga akan menurunkan nilai jual produk obatnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kesesuaian penyimpanan obat di Apotek Kabupaten Sukoharjo dengan menggunakan Petunjuk Teknis Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek Tahun 2019 dan Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian tahun 2016 di Apotek. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara observasional (pengamatan langsung) dengan metode cheklist dan wawancara. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Data yang diperoleh dikelompokkan berdasarkan nilai persentase secara deskriptif  apabila nilai 81-100% tergolong kategori ‘sangat baik’ kemudian jika nilai 61-80% tergolong dalam kategori ‘baik’ kemudian jika nilai 41-60% tergolong dalam kategori ‘cukup baik’ dan jika nilai 21-40% masuk dalam kategori ‘kurang baik’ dan kategori ‘sangat kurang’ apabila 0-20% nilainya. Berdasarkan hasil observasi sistem penyimpanan obat di 4 apotek Kabupaten Sukoharjo memiliki persentase 87,10%-96,77% dengan kriteria sangat baik yang memenuhi Petunjuk Teknis Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek Tahun 2019.