bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Thin film flow of carreau nanofluid over a stretching surface with magnetic field: Numerical treatment with intelligent computing paradigm
Authors: Uddin Iftikhar , Ullah Ikram , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor , Shoaib Muhammad , Kiani Adiqa Kausar , Islam Saeed
Published: March 2022

This study describes a novel application of artificial intelligent-based computing paradigm via knacks of neural networks backpropagated through Levenberg–Marquardt scheme (NNs-BLMS) to investigate the mathematical model of Carreau nanofluid thin film flow over a stretching sheet under the magnetic field effect (CNTFFSSM). The system of PDEs of the designed model is transformed by using suitable transformations to the system of ODEs. The Adams deterministic numerical technique is utilized for generation of a dataset for the proposed technique for six varients to produce corresponding six scenarios of the designed model by varying magnetic parameter, Brownian motion parameter, unsteadiness parameter, Weissenberg number, thermophoresis number and Lewis number. The computational intelligent solver NNs-BLMS is applied to the CNTFFSSM model by performing processes on training, testing and validation samples. The efficiency of the proposed technique is validated by comparison of the standard solution and outcomes of the proposed solver for designed model through histograms, error analysis and regression analysis. The outcomes disclosed that velocity field is a decreasing function of magnetic parameter, while an increasing function of the Weissenberg number. The temperature and concentration profiles enhance with higher thermophoresis parameter, while diminish with higher Weissenberg number. Moreover, higher Lewis number causes lower concentration profile.
Core noise and GW sensitivities of AMIGO
Authors: Ni Wei-Tou
Published: March 2022

AMIGO–The Astrodynamical Middle-frequency Interferometric Gravitation-Wave (GW) Observatory is a first-generation mid-frequency GW mission bridging the sensitivity gap between the high-frequency GW detectors and low-frequency space GW detectors. In our previous works, we have obtained appropriate heliocentric orbit formations of nominal arm length 10,000[Formula: see text]km with their first-generation time-delay configurations satisfying frequency noise reduction requirement, and we have also worked out thrust-fuel friendly constant-arm heliocentric orbit formations. In this paper, we review and study noise requirements and present the corresponding GW sensitivities. From the design white position noises and acceleration noises, we obtain the GW sensitivities for the first-generation Michelson X TDI configuration of baseline AMIGO (b-AMIGO), AMIGO and enhanced AMIGO (e-AMIGO). In view of the current technology development, we study and indicate steps to implement the AMIGO mission concept.
Anomaly in weakly bound 7Li nucleus in the field of 208Pb target
Authors: Hamada Sh. , Ibraheem Awad A.
Published: March 2022

We have investigated the threshold anomaly observed in 7Li + [Formula: see text]Pb nuclear system by analyzing the available 7Li+[Formula: see text]Pb experimental angular distribution measurements. The experimental data for the weakly bound 7Li ions elastically scattered from [Formula: see text]Pb target at 13 energy sets ranging from 25.67 and up to 68[Formula: see text]MeV are subjected to detailed analysis using different interaction potentials created either based on phenomenological, semimicroscopic and microscopic models. The loosely bound nucleus 7Li, possessing a predominant [Formula: see text] cluster structure at 2.468[Formula: see text]MeV, is a good candidate as its break-up reaction studies would help to understand the break-up of the weakly bound unstable radioactive isotopes. In order to observe the break-up effect, reaction cross-sections are extracted and compared with the previously reported ones.
Limiting behavior of FitzHugh–Nagumo equations driven by colored noise on unbounded thin domains
Authors: Shi Lin , Lu Kening , Wang Xiaohu
Published: March 2022

We investigate the limiting behavior of dynamics of non-autonomous stochastic FitzHugh–Nagumo equations driven by a nonlinear multiplicative colored noise on unbounded thin domains. We first establish the existence and uniqueness of random attractors for the equations on the thin domains and their limit equations. Then, we establish the upper semicontinuity of these attractors when the thin domains collapse into a lower-dimensional unbounded domain.
On the Decreasing Mismatch-Induced Stresses in a Heterostructure During Growth of the Structure from Gas Phase
Authors: Pankratov E. L.
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce an approach to decrease mismatch-induced stress in a heterostructure by using radiation processing during growth from gas phase. We build a framework for the approach of the mismatch-induced stresses in the heterostructure decreasing simultaneously with an acceleration of recombination and diffusion of radiation defects in the damaged region. An analytical approach for analyzing of mass and heat transfer is also introduced. The approach gives a possibility to take into account simultaneously spatial and temporal variations of parameters of mass transfer. At the same time, the approach gives a possibility to take into account nonlinearity of considered processes.
A discrete tick population dynamics model with continuous and seasonal birth breeding
Authors: Yu Ning , Zhang Xue
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we formulate a discrete two-stage model with two types of birth mechanisms, continuous and seasonal. We divide tick population into two subgroups, i.e. immature and mature. We also consider diapause as an important adaptive process for ticks in respond to climate change in both stages. We derive a formula for the inherent net reproductive numbers and explore their stability analysis. When breeding is continuous, there exists a unique globally asymptotically stable positive fixed point provided that the inherent net reproductive number is larger than one; the extinction fixed point is globally asymptotically stable if the inherent net reproductive number is less than one. When breeding is seasonal with 2-periodic birth function, there exists a unique globally asymptotically stable periodic solution provided that the inherent net reproductive number is larger than one, while the population goes to extinction if this value is less than one. For the cases with multi-periodic birth function, we use numerical simulation to compare their complex behaviors.
On certain semigroups of transformations with an invariant set
Authors: Sarkar Mosarof , Singh Shubh N.
Published: March 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a nonempty set and let [Formula: see text] be the full transformation semigroup on [Formula: see text]. The main objective of this paper is to study the subsemigroup [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] defined by [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is a fixed nonempty subset of [Formula: see text]. We describe regular elements in [Formula: see text], and show that [Formula: see text] is regular if and only if [Formula: see text] is finite. We characterize unit-regular elements in [Formula: see text], and prove that [Formula: see text] is unit-regular if and only if [Formula: see text] is finite. We characterize Green’s relations on [Formula: see text], and prove that [Formula: see text] on [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text] is finite. We also determine ideals of [Formula: see text] and investigate its kernel. This paper extends several results that have appeared in the literature.
Approximation of common solution of a system of equilibrium problem and fixed point of generalized Bregman nonspreading mappings in Banach spaces
Authors: Aphane Maggie , Jolaoso Lateef Olakunle
Published: March 2022

In this paper, we introduce a hybrid iterative method for approximating the common solution of a systems of generalized mixed equilibrium problem and the class of [Formula: see text]-generalized Bregman nonspreading mappings in reflexive Banach space. We prove the asymptotic fixed point property of the class of [Formula: see text]-generalized Bregman nonspreading mappings in reflexive Banach spaces and provide a strong convergence theorem for solving the problem under some mild conditions. Furthermore, some numerical results were presented to show the important and computational performance of the proposed method. This result extends and generalized many interesting results in the contemporary literature.
Some results on generalized self-complementary graphs
Authors: Gowtham H. J. , Upadhyay Shankar N. , D’Souza Sabitha , Bhat Pradeep G.
Published: March 2022

Let [Formula: see text] be a partition of vertex set [Formula: see text] of order [Formula: see text] of a graph [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text]-complement of [Formula: see text] denoted by [Formula: see text] is defined as for all [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], remove the edges between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] and add the edges between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] which are not in [Formula: see text]. The graph [Formula: see text] is called [Formula: see text]-self-complementary if [Formula: see text]. For a graph [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]-complement of [Formula: see text] denoted by [Formula: see text] is defined as for each [Formula: see text] remove the edges of [Formula: see text] inside [Formula: see text] and add the edges of [Formula: see text] by joining the vertices of [Formula: see text]. The graph [Formula: see text] is called [Formula: see text]-self-complementary if [Formula: see text] for some partition [Formula: see text] of order [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we determine generalized self-complementary graphs of forest, double star and unicyclic graphs.
Wiener index of sum of shadowgraphs
Authors: Goyal Shanu , Jain Dilip , Mishra Vishnu Narayan
Published: March 2022

The Wiener index of a graph [Formula: see text], denoted by [Formula: see text], is defined as [Formula: see text] where the sum is taken through all unordered pairs of vertices of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] is distance between two vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be two graphs. For a graph [Formula: see text], let [Formula: see text] be a copy of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text]-sum [Formula: see text] is a graph with the set of vertices [Formula: see text] and two vertices [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] are adjacent if and only if [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] be one of the shadowgraph [Formula: see text] or closed shadowgraph [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we reported the Wiener index of these graphs.
Peculiarities of the Temperature Dependence of the Chemical Potential of a Two-dimensional Electron Gas in Magnetic Field
Authors: Abdulazizov B. T. , Gulyamov G. , Baymatov P. J. , Inoyatov Sh. T. , Tokhirjonov M. S. , Juraev Kh. N.
Published: March 2022

A numerical calculation of the temperature dependence of the chemical potential and for various values of the filling factor [Formula: see text] of the Landau level is carried out. The degree of filling of each Landau level is found as a function of temperature. Analytical calculations were carried out in the model of an ideal Fermi gas both without taking into account the broadening of the Landau levels [Formula: see text] and taking into account their broadening [Formula: see text]. An analytical formula is found that describes the dependences of [Formula: see text] at [Formula: see text] and low temperatures. A low-temperature formula for the dependence of [Formula: see text] based on the Sommerfeld expansion is also given. The influence of the intra- and interlevel thermal excitations on changes in the chemical potential with temperature is discussed.
Recent Advances in the Panel Stochastic Frontier Models: Heterogeneity, Endogeneity and Dependence
Authors: Kumbhakar Subal C. , Lai Hung-Pin
Published: March 2022

This paper primarily reviews the panel stochastic frontier (SF) model in which the composite error term [Formula: see text] has four components, i.e. [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are the persistent and transient inefficiency components, [Formula: see text] is the random firm effect and [Formula: see text] is the random noise. We discuss a variety of model specifications of the four-component SF panel model and estimation approaches developed mostly during the period 2014 to 2021. While discussing these models, we focus on the following issues: heterogeneity, endogeneity of inputs/output(s), inclusion of determinants of inefficiencies via their variances and dependence among the error components. Additionally, we examined models that introduce allocative inefficiency. Models that use both multi-step and system approaches to model allocative inefficiency are also examined.
A comprehensive view on the compilation of an engineering geological map of carbonate rocks: a case study in the Central Alborz Zone, Iran
Authors: Sadeghi Erfan , Nikudel Mohammad Reza , Khamehchiyan Mashallah , Kavussi Amir
Published: March 2022

The geological provinces of Iran can be divided into different zones based on different geological and structural units. The Central Alborz Zone (CAZ) is one of the most important zones among them, which extends along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea from Sepidrud valley to Firoozkuh valley. The CAZ comprises a range of industries and a high population concentration, and it is important to provide material resources and create the necessary infrastructure for this massive population. The materials produced in the different industries have different characteristics and parameters. Therefore, various studies should be carried out based on the type of materials produced and their application. The CAZ has a large variety of rock formations and facies, which facilitates extensive expansion in the production of rock materials and resources. One of the major materials in the CAZ is the carbonate rocks which exist in a wide variety of forms such as limestone, dolomite, etc. Recognizing the geological and engineering geological characteristics of carbonate rocks is important for proper use in order to increase their efficiency. The novelty of the present work is the extensive and comprehensive engineering geological study of a vast area (about 2900 km
2
) of an important geological zone of Iran, which has not previously been conducted. As previously shown by other researchers the presence of carbonate rocks in a certain range of characteristics anywhere, we found similar results in drawing engineering geological map by integrating geological, engineering geological, geomorphological, and joint study information of carbonate rocks. Results showed that in physical tests all formations were classified as moderate to very high density (2450–2830 kg m
−3
), and very low (0.98%) to medium (8.06%) porosity. Also, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) results showed that all formations fall within the moderate strength (20–60 MPa) to high strength (60–200 MPa) range based on the International Standard for Rock Mechanics (ISRM) classifications, and very high strength range (3–10 MPa) for point load index (PLI) based on the Broch and Franklin classification. According to these works an engineering geological map for carbonate formations of the CAZ is presented in this paper.
Designerly Tele-Experiences: A New Approach to Remote Yet Still Situated Co-Design
Authors: Bertran Ferran Altarriba , Pometko Alexandra , Gupta Muskan , Wilcox Lauren , Banerjee Reeta , Isbister Katherine
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted processes interaction designers took for granted, challenging some of our most commonplace design practices. Participatory and situated approaches have been impacted the most: where we engaged stakeholders in-person and in-context, during this time we must co-design remotely and in virtual environments. Such a dramatic change calls for new co-design methods. In this article, we present a novel remote strategy for involving stakeholders to co-design interactive technology:
Designerly Tele-Experiences
(DTE). Our methodological proposal enables participants to experience early design concepts in-the-wild as a provocation to contribute new ideas that resonate with their experiential preferences. Here we describe the rationale for DTE, unpack how it builds on and extends existing methods, and provide actionable guidelines from our experience of using it in our work. Our contribution will empower interaction designers to embrace participatory and situated approaches even when engaging stakeholders in person is not possible or desirable.
Cognition in Software Engineering: A Taxonomy and Survey of a Half-Century of Research
Authors: Fagerholm Fabian , Felderer Michael , Fucci Davide , Unterkalmsteiner Michael , Marculescu Bogdan , Martini Markus , Tengberg Lars Göran Wallgren , Feldt Robert , Lehtelä Bettina , Nagyváradi Balázs , Khattak Jehan
Published: March 2022

Cognition plays a fundamental role in most software engineering activities. This article provides a taxonomy of cognitive concepts and a survey of the literature since the beginning of the Software Engineering discipline. The taxonomy comprises the top-level concepts of perception, attention, memory, cognitive load, reasoning, cognitive biases, knowledge, social cognition, cognitive control, and errors, and procedures to assess them both qualitatively and quantitatively. The taxonomy provides a useful tool to filter existing studies, classify new studies, and support researchers in getting familiar with a (sub) area. In the literature survey, we systematically collected and analysed 311 scientific papers spanning five decades and classified them using the cognitive concepts from the taxonomy. Our analysis shows that the most developed areas of research correspond to the four life-cycle stages, software requirements, design, construction, and maintenance. Most research is quantitative and focuses on knowledge, cognitive load, memory, and reasoning. Overall, the state of the art appears fragmented when viewed from the perspective of cognition. There is a lack of use of cognitive concepts that would represent a coherent picture of the cognitive processes active in specific tasks. Accordingly, we discuss the research gap in each cognitive concept and provide recommendations for future research.
Electrolysis of Ethanol and Methanol at PtRu@Pt Catalysts
Authors: Ali Ahmed H. , Pickup Peter G.
Published: March 2022

Electrolysis of ethanol in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) cell is an attractive method for generating hydrogen from renewable resources. However, the most active anode catalysts, such as PtRu, produce acetic acid as the main product, which makes the process very inefficient. Core–shell nanoparticles can improve efficiency by providing more selective cleavage of the C–C bond at a Pt shell. Here, the influence of the amount of Pt deposited onto a commercial PtRu/C catalyst has been investigated for electrochemical oxidation of ethanol and methanol, in aqueous H2SO4 at ambient temperature and in a PEM electrolysis cell at 80 °C. It is shown that addition of a Pt shell improves voltammetric activity markedly for both methanol and ethanol oxidation, while half-wave potentials in the PEM cell are shifted to higher potentials as the Pt coverage is increased. However, limiting currents for ethanol oxidation in the PEM cell are increased, and it is shown that the distribution of products shifts strongly towards CO2, which provides more efficient production of hydrogen.
Towards an Electrochemical Immunosensor for the Detection of Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein
Authors: Liustrovaite Viktorija , Drobysh Maryia , Rucinskiene Alma , Baradoke Ausra , Ramanaviciene Almira , Plikusiene Ieva , Samukaite-Bubniene Urte , Viter Roman , Chen Chien-Fu , Ramanavicius Arunas
Published: March 2022

Herein we report the electrochemical system for the detection of specific antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proteins in blood serum patient samples after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). For this purpose, the recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SCoV2-rS) was covalently immobilised on the surface of the gold electrode pre-modified with mixed self-assembled monolayer (SAMmix) consisting of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid and 6-mercapto-1-hexanol. The affinity interaction of SCoV2-rS with specific antibodies against this protein (anti-rS) was detected using two electrochemical methods: cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The anti-rS was detected with a detection limit of 2.53 nM and 1.99 nM using CV and EIS methods, respectively. The developed electrochemical immunosensor is suitable for the confirmation of COVID-19 infection or immune response in humans after vaccination.
Generation and characterization of a mouse model for one anastomosis gastric bypass surgery
Authors: Abu-Gazala Samir , Bergel Michael , Arad Yhara , Hefetz Liron , Azulai Shira , Baker Aaron , Haran Arnon , Israeli Hadar , Kleiman Doron , Samuel Itia , Tsubary Uria , Permyakova Anna , Tam Joseph , Ben-Haroush Schyr Rachel , Ben-Zvi Danny
Published: March 2022

A mouse model for one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) surgery displays similar outcomes to clinical reports and enables to study the weight loss-dependent and -independent effects of this bariatric surgery.
Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire in the Iranian Population
Authors: Khazaie Habibolah , Jalali Amir , Mohammadi Reza , Chehri Azita , Khazaie Amirhossein
Published: March 2022

Background. Assessing sleep disorders and understanding their causes are essential for the proper treatment and management of the disorders. The Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (HSDQ) is a self-assessment questionnaire that measures sleep problems and symptoms based on the six categories of sleep disorders described in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2 (ICSD-2). The aim of this study was at validating and assessing the psychometric properties of the HSDQ in Iranian adults. Method. The study was carried out as a methodological and validation work. The guidelines for translation and cultural adaptation of patient-reported outcome measures were followed for the translation and the cultural validation of the tool. To examine construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 216 participants and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with 355 participants were used. As to the reliability, the test-retest method and, as to internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha were employed. Data analyses were done in SPSS-25 and LISREL-8. Results. The CFA and EFA results confirmed the tool with six factors and 31 items. The

R

2

index of the model was 0.99, which indicated that 99% of changes in the dependent variable (adults’ sleep problem) were attributed to the independent variable (the 31 items). In other words, 0.99 of the changes in the dependent variable were due to the independent variables. The main indices of CFA (

χ

2

/
DF
=
2.65

,

CFI
=
0.91

NNFI
/
TLI
=
0.92

GFI
=
0.81

,

REMSEA
=
0.043

,

R

2

=
0.99

) were acceptable. In addition, a correlation coefficient below 0.05 was considered as significant. Reliability of the tool based on internal correlation (Cronbach’s alpha) was in the 0.701–0.924 range for the subscales and equal to 0.789 for the whole tool. Conclusion. In general, the results showed that the Farsi version of HSDQ (six factors and 31 items) had acceptable and applicable indices and it can be used as a valid tool in the Iranian society. The tool can be used as a reliable tool in different fields of medical sciences.
Ribociclib-Loaded Ethylcellulose-Based Nanosponges: Formulation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Cytotoxic Potential against Breast Cancer
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed Muqtader , Fatima Farhat , Alali Amer , Kalam Mohd Abul , Alhazzani Khalid , Bhatia Saurabh , Alshehri Sultan , Ghoneim Mohammed M.
Published: March 2022

In the present study, ribociclib-loaded nanosponges (RCNs) composed of ethylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol were developed using an emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Preliminary evaluations of the developed RCNs (RCN1 to RCN7) were performed in terms of size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE), and drug loading (DL), which allowed us to select the optimized formulation. RCN3 was selected as the optimized carrier system with particle size ([Formula: see text]), PDI ([Formula: see text]), zeta potential ([Formula: see text]), EE ([Formula: see text]), and DL ([Formula: see text]). Further, the optimized nanosponges (RCN3) were subjected to FTIR, XRD, DSC, and SEM studies, and results confirmed the proper encapsulation of the drug within the porous polymeric matrix. In vitro drug release studies showed that the drug release was significantly enhanced with a maximum drug release through RCN3 formulation ([Formula: see text]) and followed the Higuchi model. Moreover, the RCN3 system showed greater cytotoxicity than free ribociclib (RC) against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. The percentage of apoptosis induced by RCN3 was found significantly higher than that of free RC ([Formula: see text]). Overall, ribociclib-loaded ethylcellulose nanosponges could be a potential nanocarrier to enhance the effectiveness of ribociclib in breast cancer treatment.
Establishment of Quality Control Standard and Efficacy Evaluation of Zhiqingshu Lotion Compound Preparation
Authors: Tan Benren , Huang Yichun , Zheng Jinkun , Xu Xiaomei , Xiao Jian , Liu Yanlin
Published: March 2022

Objective. To establish the quality standard of Zhiqingshu lotion by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods. HPLC was used to determine emodin, chrysophanol, caffeic acid, and berberine hydrochloride content, key water-soluble components of rhubarb, dandelion, and Phellodendron amurense in Zhiqingshu lotion. The macrophage inflammation model was used to analyze the anti-inflammatory effects of Zhiqingshu lotion. Results. HPLC results showed that the contents of emodin, chrysophanol, caffeic acid, and berberine hydrochloride in Zhiqingshu lotion were

7.93
±
2.25

,

20.85
±
4.27

,

48.9
±
6.79

, and

58.4
±
10.3

 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, RT-qPCR results showed that different concentrations of Zhiqingshu lotion significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α and interleukin- (IL-) 1β in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. Conclusion. HPLC could quantitatively and qualitatively analyze and identify the main components of Zhiqingshu lotion as rhodopsin, rhodopsin, caffeic acid, and berberine hydrochloride. And Zhiqingshu lotion has an excellent anti-inflammatory effect. This method was simple and reliable and could be used for the identification of the ingredients and content of Zhiqingshu lotion, thus improving the quality control of the drug.
Modeling the Ranked Antenatal Care Visits Using Optimized Partial Least Square Regression
Authors: Sadiq Maryam , Abdulrahman Alanazi Talal , Alharbi Randa , Alnagar Dalia Kamal Fathi , Anwar Syed Masroor
Published: March 2022

The frequency and timing of antenatal care visits are observed to be the significant factors of infant and maternal morbidity and mortality. The present research is conducted to determine the risk factors of reduced antenatal care visits using an optimized partial least square regression model. A data set collected during 2017-2018 by Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys is used for modeling purposes. The partial least square regression model coupled with rank correlation measures are introduced for improved performance to address ranked response. The proposed models included PLS

ρ

s

, PLS

τ

A

, PLS

τ

B

, PLS

τ

C

, PLS

 

D

, PLS

τ

G
K

, PLS

 

G

, and PLS

 

U

. Three filter-based factor selection methods are executed, and leave-one-out cross-validation by linear discriminant analysis is measured on predicted scores of all models. Finally, the Monte Carlo simulation method with 10 iterations of repeated sampling for optimization of validation performance is applied to select the optimum model. The standard and proposed models are executed over simulated and real data sets for efficiency comparison. The PLS

ρ

s

is found to be the most appropriate proposed method to model the observed ranked data set of antenatal care visits based on validation performance. The optimal model selected 29 influential factors of inadequate use of antenatal care. The important factors of reduced antenatal care visits included women’s educational status, wealth index, total children ever born, husband’s education level, domestic violence, and history of cesarean section. The findings recommended that partial least square regression algorithms coupled with rank correlation coefficients provide more efficient estimates of ranked data in the presence of multicollinearity.
Biological Clock and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Review: From the Standpoint of the Intestinal Barrier
Authors: Tian Yonggang , Zhang Dekui
Published: March 2022

Inflammatory bowel disease is a group of chronic, recurrent, nonspecific inflammatory diseases of the intestine that severely affect the quality of life of patients. The pathogenesis of this disease is caused by complex and interactive neural networks composed of factors such as genetic susceptibility, external environment, immune disorders, and intestinal barrier dysfunction. It is well known that there is a strong link between environmental stressors (also known as circadian clocks) that can influence circadian changes and inflammatory bowel disease. Among them, the biological clock is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease by affecting the function of the intestinal barrier. Therefore, this review is aimed at systematically summarizing the latest research progress on the role of the circadian clock in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease by affecting intestinal barrier functions (intestinal mechanical barrier, intestinal immune barrier, intestinal microecological barrier, and intestinal chemical barrier) and the potential clinical value of clock genes in the management of inflammatory bowel disease, for the application of circadian clock therapy in the management of inflammatory bowel disease and then the benefit to the majority of patients.
Oridonin Relieves Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Remodeling via Inhibiting GSDMD-Mediated Inflammation
Authors: Lin Shuang , Dai Shanshan , Lin Jiahui , Liang Xiaohe , Wang Weiqi , Huang Weijian , Ye Bozhi , Hong Xia
Published: March 2022

Myocardial remodeling is one of the main lesions in the late stage of chronic heart failure and seriously affects the prognosis of patients. Continuous activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to the development of myocardial remodeling greatly, and angiotensin II (Ang II), its main constituent, can directly lead to cardiac remodeling through an inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Since Ang II-induced myocardial remodeling is closely related to inflammation, we tried to explore whether the anti-inflammatory drug oridonin (Ori) can reverse this process and its possible mechanism. Our study investigated that hypertrophy and fibrosis can be induced after being treated with Ang II in cardiomyocytes (H9c2 cells and primary rat cardiomyocytes) and C57BL/6J mice. The anti-inflammatory drug oridonin could effectively attenuate the degree of cardiac remodeling both in vivo and vitro by inhibiting GSDMD, a key protein of intracellular inflammation which can further activate kinds of inflammation factors such as IL-1β and IL-18. We illustrated that oridonin reversed cardiac remodeling by inhibiting the process of inflammatory signaling through GSDMD. After inhibiting the expression of GSDMD in cardiomyocytes by siRNA, it was found that Ang II-induced hypertrophy was attenuated. These results suggest that oridonin is proved to be a potential protective drug against GSDMD-mediated inflammation and myocardial remodeling.
Channel Modelling for V2V Highway Scenario Based on Birth and Death Process
Authors: Feng Yi , Ge Ning , Tao Xiaoming , Song Qiwei , Xiang Tao
Published: March 2022

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication has been widely researched recently since the potential abilities of improving traffic efficiency and reducing accident rates. Since the high vehicle mobility, a huge number of accidents happen on highway. So, it is necessary to study the highway channel characteristic to ensure the driving safety. Due to the high speed of vehicles, there exists serious nonstationarity of highway channel, leading to the dissatisfaction of the wide-scene stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) assumption. Thus, a distant channel model is needed. In this paper, we carried out a measurement campaign of highway channel. Based on the measured data, we conduct a birth and death channel model, which is depicted by Markov chain. We propose the first-order model and the second-order model, respectively. The steady probabilities and transition probabilities are given. To compare the two models, we utilize the multipath living time and Kullback-Leibler (KL) distance. What is more, autocorrelation function (ACF) is used to describe the nonstationarity.
Ferroptosis as a Novel Determinant of β-Cell Death in Diabetic Conditions
Authors: Stancic Ana , Saksida Tamara , Markelic Milica , Vucetic Milica , Grigorov Ilijana , Martinovic Vesna , Gajic Dragica , Ivanovic Andjelija , Velickovic Ksenija , Savic Nevena , Otasevic Vesna
Published: March 2022

The main pathological hallmark of diabetes is the loss of functional β-cells. Among several types of β-cell death in diabetes, the involvement of ferroptosis remains elusive. Therefore, we investigated the potential of diabetes-mimicking factors: high glucose (HG), proinflammatory cytokines, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), or diabetogenic agent streptozotocin (STZ) to induce ferroptosis of β-cells in vitro. Furthermore, we tested the contribution of ferroptosis to injury of pancreatic islets in an STZ-induced in vivo diabetic model. All in vitro treatments increased loss of Rin-5F cells along with the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxides and iron, inactivation of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and decrease in glutathione peroxidase 4 expression and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Ferrostatin 1 (Fer-1), ferroptosis inhibitor, diminished the above-stated effects and rescued cells from death in case of HG, STZ, and H2O2 treatments, while failed to increase MMP and to attenuate cell death after the cytokines’ treatment. Moreover, Fer-1 protected pancreatic islets from STZ-induced injury in diabetic in vivo model, since it decreased infiltration of macrophages and accumulation of lipid peroxides and increased the population of insulin-positive cells. Such results revealed differences between diabetogenic stimuli in determining the destiny of β-cells, emerging HG, H2O2, and STZ, but not cytokines, as contributing factors to ferroptosis and shed new light on an antidiabetic strategy based on Nrf2 activation. Thus, targeting ferroptosis in diabetes might be a promising new approach for preservation of the β-cell population. Our results obtained from in vivo study strongly justify this approach.
Response of Partly Recrystallized Microstructure to the Rapid Heat Treatment in TC18 Alloy
Authors: Qiu Fucheng , Ivasishin Orest , Dong Shucheng , Cheng Tuo , Savvakin Dmytro , Li Xinlin
Published: March 2022

The response of TC18 (Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe) alloy bar to the rapid heat treatment (20 K•s−1) in the 850 to 950°C temperature range followed by ageing at 500°C for 8 hours was studied in this paper. Starting material was only partly recrystallized; share of nonrecrystallized part was not uniform along the bar and consisted 10 to 50% of the cross section. Although both parts, recrystallized and nonrecrystallized, had α+β phase composition, the morphology of a phase in them was different. Due to that and, presumably, to different defect density, the two parts behaved differently upon rapid heating and ageing keeping the properties fluctuated depending on the fraction of the nonrecrystallized part in the particular specimen since nonrecrystallized material remained harder and stronger and therefore more inclined for microcracks to nucleate and grow. Such fluctuation masked a possible temperature dependence of the properties. It resulted in a strength level of around 1700 MPa which is well above the typical strength of this alloy achieved with conventional thermal hardening. Thus, rapid heat treatment can be successfully used to process an extremely high strength condition in titanium alloys to increase their competitiveness in many attractive applications.
Identification of Novel Prognostic Signatures for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Based on ceRNA Network Construction and Immune Infiltration Analysis
Authors: Zhou Lu , Ye Juan , Wen Fengyun , Yu Hong
Published: March 2022

Objective. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) carries significant morbidity and mortality globally and is often resistant to conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has received attention in ccRCC patients as a promising anticancer treatment. Furthermore, competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks are crucial for the occurrence and progression of various tumors. This study was aimed at identifying reliable prognostic signatures and exploring potential mechanisms between ceRNA regulation and immune cell infiltration in ccRCC patients. Methods and Results. Gene expression profiling and clinical information of ccRCC samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Through comprehensive bioinformatic analyses, differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs;

n
=
131

), lncRNAs (DElncRNAs;

n
=
12

), and miRNAs (DEmiRNAs;

n
=
25

) were identified to establish ceRNA networks. The CIBERSORT algorithm was applied to calculate the proportion of 22 types of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) in ccRCC tissues. Subsequently, univariate Cox, Lasso, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to construct ceRNA-related and TIIC-related prognostic signatures. In addition, we explored the relationship between the crucial genes and TIICs via coexpression analysis, which revealed that the interactions between MALAT1, miR-1271-5p, KIAA1324, and follicular helper T cells might be closely correlated with the progression of ccRCC. Ultimately, we preliminarily validated that the potential MALAT1/miR-1271-5p/KIAA1324 axis was consistent with the ceRNA theory by qRT-PCR in the ccRCC cell lines. Conclusion. On the basis of the ceRNA networks and TIICs, we constructed two prognostic signatures with excellent predictive value and explored possible molecular regulatory mechanisms, which might contribute to the improvement of prognosis and individualized treatment for ccRCC patients.
Research Rural Ecological Stress Based on Farmers’ Livelihood Strategy in Three Gorges Reservoir Area
Authors: Yi Xiao , Ke Yin
Published: March 2022

The paper use the AHP-DEA model to evaluate and analyze the current situation and influencing factors of rural ecological environment of farmers with different livelihood strategies in 9 administrative villages in 3 districts and counties of the Three Gorges Reservoir area. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The deeper the nonagricultural level, the worse the impact on the rural ecological environment, and the worse its ecological status. However, the degree of nonagricultural employment of farmers is not the only determinant of the quality of rural ecological environment. (2) The intensity of chemical fertilizer use, agricultural output value, pesticide use intensity, per capita net income, agricultural investment, and agricultural film use intensity are the key factors affecting the rural ecological environment of different part-time farmers in the Three Gorges reservoir area. The government should increase agricultural investment, introduce economically efficient agricultural projects, and vigorously develop low-carbon agriculture. (3) The rural ecological environment of farmers has not improved with the rapid development of the economy but instead has the opposite development trend; that is, the more developed the economy, the worse the rural ecology.
A Statistical Analysis Model of Big Data for Precise Poverty Alleviation Based on Multisource Data Fusion
Authors: Liang Tian , Wang Xuefang
Published: March 2022

This paper adopts the method of multisource big data fusion to conduct an in-depth study and analysis of precision poverty alleviation and uses big data statistical analysis model to explore and analyze it. Combining the characteristics of big data itself and the development of precision poverty alleviation, it focuses on the exploration of big data and introduces the background, development status, and achieved results of poverty alleviation with typical cases, followed by the analysis of the problems in the process of big data precision poverty alleviation and the study of the improvement path of big data technology precision poverty alleviation. Through the comparative analysis of the simulation accuracy of three models, the results show that the random forest model has the lowest error rate, after which the importance degree of indicators is derived using the model. In addition, the empirical analysis of the preprocessed sample data for multidimensional identification of poor households yields the contribution rate of each dimensional indicator that leads to multidimensional poverty of farm households, establishing scientific judging criteria to accurately judge whether farm households are poor on the one hand and selecting accurate identification methods to achieve accurate identification of poor households on the other hand. The tenfold crossover method is used to verify the errors in the test sample set. When the number of classification trees is greater than 100, it will gradually increase. Therefore, it is most appropriate to select the number of trees as 100. The multidimensional accurate identification model of farm household poverty constructed in this paper has an accuracy rate of 90.26% for the identification of poor households. By analyzing the accuracy rate of model identification and the contribution rate of multidimensional indicators leading to the poverty of farm households at the same time, the poverty degree of farm households under each dimensional indicator is derived, to accurately identify the poor households and their poverty status. The results show that the multidimensional accurate identification model of farm household poverty has the accurate identification ability and application value in the identification problem of poor households, and through the implementation of the model algorithm, a good application environment of accurate identification of poverty is created, which provides technical support to help poverty alleviation work and improve the accuracy of identification of poor households.
Application of the Concept of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery in Total Laparoscopic Radical Gastrectomy
Authors: Guo Wei , Li Wenyuan , Mei Xianghuang , Wang Yangyang , He Zhipeng , Su Shi , Dong Jianhong , Zhu Liping
Published: March 2022

To explore the clinical effects of total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy under the guidance of the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). Fifty-five patients were perioperatively treated under the concept of ERAS (ERAS group), while the remaining 55 patients were treated under the traditional perioperative concept (control group). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, the time of first anal exhaust and first postoperative off-bed activity, postoperative length of stay, and incidence of postoperative complications were recorded in both groups. The pain of patients was assessed using VAS system. The nausea and vomiting and abdominal distension were assessed using the NVDS and abdominal distension score, respectively, within 24 h after operation. The patient’s daily living ability was evaluated by the ADL scale at 3 d after the operation. The time of first anal exhaust, the time of first postoperative off-bed activity time, and the postoperative in-hospital time were all significantly shorter in the ERAS group than those in the control group (

P

 < 0.001). The VAS score in the ERAS group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after operation (

P

 < .001). The ERAS group had significantly lower NVDS score and abdominal distension score than the control group (

P

 < 0.001). The postoperative ADL score in the ERAS group was significantly higher than that in the control group (

P

 < 0.001). ERAS during the perioperative period of total laparoscopic radical gastrectomy can promote the postoperative rehabilitation of patients and alleviate postoperative pain and gastrointestinal reactions, which is safe and effective.
The Stability Improvement of Aspergillus fumigatus α-Amylase by Immobilization onto Chitin-Bentonite Hybrid
Authors: Tiarsa Ezra Rheinsky , Yandri Yandri , Suhartati Tati , Satria Heri , Irawan Bambang , Hadi Sutopo
Published: March 2022

Enzyme immobilization is a powerful method to improve the stability, reuse, and enzymatic properties of enzymes. The immobilization of the α-amylase enzyme from Aspergillus fumigatus on a chitin-bentonite (CB) hybrid has been studied to improve its stability. Therefore, this study aims to obtain the higher stability of α-amylase enzyme to reduce industrial costs. The procedures were performed as follows: production, isolation, partial purification, immobilization, and characterization of the free and immobilized enzymes. The CB hybrid was synthesized by bentonite, chitin, and glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker. The free enzyme was immobilized onto CB hybrid using 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.5. The free and immobilized enzymes were characterized by optimum temperature, Michaelis constant (KM), maximum velocity

V

max

, thermal inactivation rate constant (ki), half-life (t1/2), and transformation of free energy because of denaturation (ΔGi). The free enzyme has optimum temperature of 55°C, KM = 3.04 mg mL−1 substrate,

V

max

=
10.90
 

μ
molemL

−
1

min

−
1

, ki = 0.0171 min−1, t1/2 = 40.53 min, and ΔGi = 104.47 kJ mole−1. Meanwhile, the immobilized enzyme has optimum temperature of 60°C, KM = 11.57 mg mL−1 substrate,

V

max

=
3.37
 

μ
molemL

−
1

min

−
1

, ki = 0.0045 min−1, t1/2 = 154.00 min, and ΔGi = 108.17 kJ mole−1. After sixth cycle of reuse, the residual activity of the immobilized enzyme was 38%. The improvement in the stability of α-amylase immobilized on the CB hybrid based on the increase in half-life was four times of the free enzyme.
Economic Benefit Analysis of Medical Tourism Industry Based on Markov Model
Authors: Zhang Wei , Qin Zhaoxiang , Tang Jun
Published: March 2022

To study the impact of the medical Tourism Industry on regional economic performance, a Markov prediction method was proposed. An improved Markov chain combination forecasting method was established by analyzing the economy of healthcare tourism industry through Markov chain forecasting method and various processing methods for economic results of different years. The research results show that healthcare tourism industry service is a new and highly potential tourism product service. It can generate significant economic and social benefits. The value and market size of healthcare tourism industry is analyzed and studied by using Markov model to explore the complementary roles of Medical and Tourism, which helps to predict the development of market size and benefits. The model results are also analyzed and calculated. The benefits and scale of the development of the healthcare tourism industry are evaluated by combining the actual data situation and development conditions in each year.