bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinants of urban concentration in African countries
Authors: EZZAHID Elhadj , FERRAHI Bouchaib , El HAMDANI Oumar
Published: June 2022

The knowledge of the potential drivers of urban concentration is of prime importance for policy-makers. This paper examines links between some structural variables and some measures of urban concentration in African countries. Cross-section regressions are used to single out determinants of urban concentration. There are three results worth highlighting. First, huge differences do exist between African countries in terms of the rate of urbanization of their population and the degree of concentration of their urban systems. Second, the countries having the most primal urban systems are the poorest countries according to their per capita GDP. Consequently, the higher the urban population is and the lower the degree of development of a country we have, the higher will be, on average, the degree of its urban concentration. Third, the availability of electricity in rural areas is associated negatively with urban concentration however measured (Prim1, Prim2, HHI, and Gini index). This is a rather important result because the availability of electricity in rural areas is informative of the abundance of infrastructures in the country and, henceforth, its even distribution among urban cities and then less concentrated rural migrants' flows.
The statistical information for tourism economics. The National Accounts perspective
Authors: Ferrari Guido , Jiménez José Mondéjar , Zhao Yanyun
Published: June 2022

Statistical information strengthening in tourism sector is recommended by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO). Economic-statistical information is basic for carrying out effective quantitative economic analysis of tourism. Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) is not a suitable source of information for econometric analysis. National Accounts (NA), in the form of Input-Output (I-O) Tables, Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models or Social Accounting Matrices (SAMs) represent a good source of economic-statistical information and of economic impact analysis. This paper shows how it is appropriate to focus on the definition of tourists and tourism enterprises, overcoming the uncertainties and distortions in the analyses and results that the current leaning on a generic definition of tourism entails. Furthermore, it is argued that the best impact analysis can be conducted through the use of a SAM, which in addition to being structurally consistent with the choice of defining and implementing tourists and tourist enterprises, confirming its usefulness, allows to analyse fully and, from a theoretical point of view, more correctly than I-O Tables and CGE models, the impact of inbound tourism expenditure on production structure represented by branches, on factors and therefore on GVA/GDP produced by the branches themselves and on households expenditure. Furthermore, the suggested approach offers actual possibilities for assessing the economic sustainability of tourism development. Regional and national impact analyses carried out with the use of SAMs confirm the positions claimed in the paper.
Striking a balance in sports: the interrelation between children's sports experience, body size, and posture
Authors: Bhati Piali , Cheung Theodore C. K. , Sithamparanathan Gobika , Schmuckler Mark A.
Published: June 2022

This study investigated the relation between sports participation, body size, and postural control in children between 3 and 11 years of age. To explore this question, children's body sway was measured across multisensory conditions manipulating visual input (the presence versus absence of visual information) and proprioceptive input (varying stance widths), with postural sway in these conditions then related to reports of children's sports participation, and anthropometric measures. Corroborating well-known findings, postural sway was systematically influenced by multisensory factors, with the removal of visual information and narrower stance widths decreasing postural stability. Of more novelty, postural sway in the most stable stance, but without vision, was significantly predicted by measures of sports participation and body size variables, with these factors contributing independently to this prediction. Moreover, the impact on postural sway of having visual input, relative to removing visual input in unstable stances, was significantly predicted by sports participation in activities stressing changing stances and bases of support (e.g., dance, martial arts). Generally, these findings support multisensory and dynamic systems theories of perceptual-motor behavior, and also support sports specificity effects in assessments of the relation between posture and sports.
El monasterio de San Pedro de Montes y su identidad a través de su cartulario
Authors: Martín López M.ª Encarnación , Cavero Domínguez Gregoria
Published: June 2022

El conocido como Tumbo viejo del monasterio de San Pedro de Montes es la fuente principal de este estudio para descubrir cómo el monasterio, por medio de su scriptorium, creó una definición clara de la institución cenobítica, de su identidad; una definición de su ubicación, de sus santos titulares, de sus reliquias, del ejemplo y memoria de los insignes habitantes del mismo: san Fructuoso y san Valerio. Así se advierte fundamentalmente en las fórmulas protocolarias de la primera parte de sus diplomas, fórmulas heredadas pero ajustadas a una realidad de transmisión documental del monasterio. Estas fórmulas evolucionaron desde la Alta Edad Media hasta el siglo XIII, en que se confeccionó el citado cartulario.
La Laus Hispaniae en el Códice Calixtino
Authors: Castro Caridad Eva
Published: June 2022

Este trabajo se centra en el análisis de la Laus Hispanaie del sermón Exultemus copiado en el Códice Calixtino. Los datos aportados permiten afirmar que dicha laus se manifiesta como un paso intermedio entre el texto de Isidoro de Sevilla y los historiadores y poetas del siglo XIII. Por otra parte, el estudio de esta pieza encomiástica sirve para comprobar la unidad compositiva no solo de los cinco libros que componen el Calixtino, sino del sermonario atribuido al papa Calixto.
«Santificarás el día del señor». La normativa sinodal sobre el trabajo en los días festivos (siglos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: García-Zúñiga Mario
Published: June 2022

En España, como en otros países católicos, domingos y fiestas de precepto no implicaban la total paralización de la actividad económica. Frente a la genérica prohibición de todo trabajo servil, las constituciones sinodales muestran el difícil equilibrio que trató de lograr la teología católica entre el cumplimiento del precepto del descanso dominical y el mantenimiento de algunas actividades económicas. El objetivo del artículo es el análisis de la casuística que hacía lícito el trabajo en los días festivos. La normativa respecto a las actividades agrarias y mercantiles es mucho más tolerante que la que atañe a las actividades artesanales.
Fleury traducido. La recepción de la filosofía moral y las formas literarias del Petit Concile
Authors: Iñurritegui Rodríguez José María
Published: June 2022

Este artículo atiende a la recepción que la cultura hispana dispensó en el Setecientos a la obra de Claude Fleury. Plantea que la particular profundidad de esa recepción obedece a cuestiones epistemológicas y narratológicas que abarcan desde la asignación de un sentido propedéutico a la educación y la confianza en el cristianismo primitivo como yacimiento para la moralización de las costumbres y el orden social, hasta la revalorización literaria de los textos bíblicos y la patrística en detrimento de los dispositivos discursivos escolásticos. Se sostiene además que la esencia de ese programa de cristianización de la filosofía moral y las prácticas literarias remite al programa social distante del rigorismo jansenista y del probabilismo jesuítico que se fraguó a finales del Seiscientos en las reuniones del conocido como Petit Concile. Se apunta así la posibilidad de entender la suerte de Fleury como episodio de una recepción más sistemática de las obras de los devotos eruditos de aquel cenáculo intelectual. Y se sugiere finalmente que en ella quizá puede detectarse uno de los nutrientes esenciales del catolicismo ilustrado hispano.
La estrategia del espacio público o la progresión del rigorismo en la Nueva España (1676-1700)
Authors: Laske Trilce
Published: June 2022

Este artículo trata sobre el uso de la opinión pública por parte de algunos sectores eclesiales en la capital de la Nueva España. Pretende demostrar como actores eclesiásticos no dudaron en dirigirse directamente al espacio urbano para impulsar su programa de severidad religiosa con un discurso argumentativo, lo cual les llevó a infringir deliberadamente el principio de discreción de las polémicas teológicas. Se basa en gran parte en fuentes primarias poco estudiadas: los tratados de teología publicados en castellano.
Libertad creativa versus autocensura en Francisco Salzillo (1707-1783): esculturas de ángeles niños
Authors: De la Peña Velasco Concepción
Published: June 2022

Este artículo analiza las esculturas de los ángeles niños de Salzillo a partir de su biografía, religiosidad y lo expresado en la literatura artística y textos devocionales. Salzillo buscó la belleza y perfección formal asociadas al ser celestial. El desnudo infantil permitía una libertad que utilizó hasta llegar a los límites tolerados por la censura. Aunque se inspiró en modelos vivos, observando el decoro, alcanzó sus mayores logros expresivos cuando pudo observar a sus hijos, incluso con el recuerdo de los que habían muerto. Plasmó sentimientos y lágrimas en rostros, con manos reforzando el mensaje. Cuidó la policromía y subordinó la disposición de los ángeles niños a la figura principal. Se reflexiona sobre la función y cambios al representar esta experiencia visionaria, del gusto de la piedad popular y que conectaba emocionalmente con el devoto.
La «Obra Pro Culto y Clero» en las diócesis de Castilla y León (1931-1936)
Authors: Marcos del Olmo M.ª Concepción
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo se adentra en la «Obra Pro Culto y Clero», concebida para garantizar el sostenimiento del culto y los ministros de la religión católica en un momento en que el gobierno redujo primero y suprimió después la dotación que tradicionalmente dedicaba a este fin en los presupuestos del Estado. Se considera una estructura organizativa diseñada desde la homogeneidad que impone una institución tan jerarquizada como la Iglesia pero susceptible al mismo tiempo de una cierta adaptación a las realidades diocesanas, el plano en el que al fin y a la postre ha de concretarse esta nueva forma de organización económica.
Pensamiento Cristiano: una vitrina a las relaciones de poder en el campo editorial evangélico latinoamericano (1953-1975)
Authors: Gaona Poveda Juan Carlos
Published: June 2022

El campo religioso latinoamericano experimentó una progresiva pluralización en la década de 1950. En este proceso, la aparición del carismatismo marcó un antes y un después en las disputas por la tutela moral y espiritual de la población. Los productores tradicionales de literatura religiosa, tanto católicos como evangélicos, tuvieron que enfrentarse a nuevos competidores y a formas masificadas de proselitismo religioso. La radio y la televisión, junto a un modelo de iglesia masiva, fueron cuestionando la importancia de lo impreso en la producción simbólica de las identidades religiosas. En este artículo caracterizaré las transformaciones del campo editorial evangélico entre 1953 y 1975. Ejercicio que realizaré a través del estudio de la revista Pensamiento Cristiano, publicada en Argentina entre 1953 y 1985, cuya circulación fue de carácter trasnacional. Me centraré en su primera etapa editorial que va hasta 1975, la cual estuvo marcada por la dirección de Alejandro Clifford. La perspectiva de análisis será mixta: cuantitativa a través de una bibliometría y cualitativa desde ciertos postulados de la Historia cultural. Es así que ubicaré actores, discursos y prácticas en la lucha por la definición identitaria de los evangélicos a través de esta página impresa.
Using Sentiment Analysis to Identify Student Emotional State to Avoid Dropout in E-Learning
Authors: Bóbó Míria L. D. R. , Campos Fernanda , Stroele Victor , David José Maria N. , Braga Regina , Torrent Tiago Timponi
Published: June 2022

Dropping out of school comes from a long-term disengagement process with social and economic consequences. Being able to predict students' behavior earlier can minimize their failures and disengagement. This article presents the SASys architecture, based on a lexical approach and a polarized frame network. Its main goal is to define the author's sentiment in texts and increase the assertiveness of detecting the sentence's emotional state by adding authors' information and preferences. The author's emotional state begins with the phrase extraction from Virtual Learning Environments; then, pre-processing techniques are applied in the text, which is submitted to the complex frame network to identify words with polarity and the author's text sentiment. The flow ends with the identification of the author's emotional state. The proposal was evaluated by a case study, applying the Sentiment Analysis approach to the students' school dropout problem. The results point to the feasibility of the proposal for asserting the student's emotional state and detection of students' risks of dropout.
The first Odonata from the early Eocene Allenby Formation of the Okanagan Highlands, British Columbia, Canada (Anisoptera, Aeshnidae and cf. Cephalozygoptera, Dysagrionidae)
Authors: Archibald S. Bruce , Cannings Robert A.
Published: June 2022

Fossil insects have been collected and described from the early Eocene Allenby Formation of southern British Columbia, Canada for over a century, but these have never included Odonata. We describe the first members of that order from the formation: Allenbya holmesae, new genus and species, most likely belonging to the Dysagrionidae (suborder Cephalozygoptera), and a torn, folded, and incomplete wing assigned to the Aeshnidae (suborder Anisoptera) that cannot be identified below family level. In other regional deposits of the early Eocene Okanagan Highlands series of lacustrine shales, the Dysagrionidae is by far the most common odonate family, followed by the Aeshnidae.
Longitudinal T Cell Responses against Ancestral, Delta, and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 Variants Determined by Rapid Cytokine Release Assay in Whole Blood
Authors: Oliver Maria A , Meredith Rhys T , Smith Bryan R , Bermingham Max D , Brackett Nicole F , Chapman Martin D
Published: June 2022

T cell immunity to natural SARS-CoV-2 infection may be more robust and longer lived than Ab responses. Accurate assessment of T cell responses is critical for understanding the magnitude and longevity of immunity across patient cohorts, and against emerging variants. By establishing a simple, accurate, and rapid whole blood test, natural and vaccine-induced SARS-CoV-2 immunity was determined. Cytokine release in whole blood stimulated with peptides specific for SARS-CoV-2 was measured in donors with previous PCR-confirmed infection, suspected infection, or with no exposure history (n = 128), as well as in donors before and after vaccination (n = 32). Longitudinal assessment of T cell responses following initial vaccination and booster vaccination was also conducted (n = 50 and n = 62, respectively). Cytokines were measured by ELISA and multiplex array. IL-2 and IFN-γ were highly elevated in PCR-confirmed donors compared with history-negative controls, with median levels ∼33-fold and ∼48-fold higher, respectively. Receiver operating curves showed IL-2 as the superior biomarker (area under the curve = 0.9950). Following vaccination, all donors demonstrated a positive IL-2 response. Median IL-2 levels increased ∼32-fold from prevaccination to postvaccination in uninfected individuals. Longitudinal assessment revealed that T cell responses were stable up to 6 mo postvaccination. No significant differences in cytokine production were observed between stimulations with Wuhan, Delta, or Omicron peptides. This rapid, whole blood–based test can be used to make comparable longitudinal assessments of vaccine-induced T cell immunity across multiple cohorts and against variants of concern, thus aiding decisions on public health policies.
A scoping review of treatments for the vegetative and minimally conscious states
Authors: Morris Brittan , Wong John
Published: June 2022

Disorders of consciousness (DoC) including the vegetative state, now known as unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, and the minimally conscious state lead to profound disability among affected individuals while placing a major burden on health care facilities, the economy, and society. Efficacious treatment strategies are necessary to alleviate these strains, but standardized, evidence-based protocols for the treatment of DoC are lacking. Progress towards this end remains difficult when considering the current dearth of comprehensive scoping review articles to organize and present the existing literature. The present scoping review seeks to fill this gap while presenting an up-to-date comprehensive compilation of current treatment strategies and their efficacy for vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, and minimally conscious state. To accomplish this, an examination of the existing literature between 2011 and 2021 was conducted using the PubMed database to compile and present current treatment strategies and their efficacy amongst patients in vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and minimally conscious state. Of the 112 articles collected, 32 reported successful treatment, 69 reported some incremental benefits of treatment, and 11 identified no benefit of treatment. Overall, sensory stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, rehabilitation programs, cranioplasty, and pharmacological treatments with zolpidem, amantadine, baclofen, midazolam, and clonazepam dose reduction coupled with neurorehabilitation were associated with successful treatment of DoC. Given the personal, societal, and economic burden associated with DoC, further research is warranted to determine and protocolize evidence-based strategies for effective treatment of those with DoC.
Motor cortex inhibition as a fibromyalgia biomarker
Authors: Pacheco-Barrios Kevin , Lima Daniel , Pimenta Danielle , Slawka Eric , Navarro-Flores Alba , Parente Joao , Rebello-Sanchez Ingrid , Cardenas-Rojas Alejandra , Gonzalez-Mego Paola , Castelo-Branco Luis , Fregni Felipe
Published: June 2022

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common and refractory chronic pain condition with multiple clinical phenotypes. The current diagnosis is based on a syndrome identification which can be subjective and lead to under or over-diagnosis. Therefore, there is a need for objective biomarkers for diagnosis, phenotyping, and prognosis (treatment response and follow-up) in fibromyalgia. Potential biomarkers are measures of cortical excitability indexed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). However, no systematic analysis of current evidence has been performed to assess the role of TMS metrics as a fibromyalgia biomarker. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate evidence on corticospinal and intracortical motor excitability in fibromyalgia subjects and to assess the prognostic role of TMS metrics as response biomarkers in FM. We conducted systematic searches on PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases for observational studies and randomized controlled trials on fibromyalgia subjects that used TMS as an assessment. Three reviewers independently selected and extracted the data. Then, a random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to compare fibromyalgia and healthy controls in observational studies. Also, to compare active versus sham treatments, in randomized controlled trials. Correlations between changes in TMS metrics and clinical improvement were explored. The quality and evidence certainty were assessed following standardized approaches. We included 15 studies (474 FM subjects and 222 controls). The main findings were: (1) fibromyalgia subjects present less intracortical inhibition (mean difference [MD, including] = –0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] –0.69 to –0.11) and higher resting motor thresholds (MD = 6.90 μV, 95% CI 4.16 to 9.63 μV) when compared to controls; (2) interventions such as exercise, pregabalin, and non-invasive brain stimulation increased intracortical inhibition (MD = 0.19, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.29) and cortical silent period (MD = 14.92 ms, 95% CI 4.86 to 24.98 ms), when compared to placebo or sham stimulation; (3) changes on intracortical excitability are correlated with clinical improvements – higher inhibition moderately correlates with less pain, depression, and pain catastrophizing; lower facilitation moderately correlates with less fatigue. Measures of intracortical inhibition and facilitation indexed by TMS are potential diagnostic and treatment response biomarkers for fibromyalgia subjects. The disruption in the intracortical inhibitory system in fibromyalgia also provides additional evidence that fibromyalgia has some neurophysiological characteristics of neuropathic pain. Treatments inducing an engagement of sensorimotor systems (e.g., exercise, motor imagery, and non-invasive brain stimulation) could restore the cortical inhibitory tonus in FM and induce clinical improvement.
Dose-response characteristics of exercise training in individuals with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Shen Xia , Hu Jia , Mak Margaret K.Y.
Published: June 2022

Exercise training is often prescribed as an adjunct to medication to improve postural instability in individuals with Parkinson's disease. As the association between exercise dose and the corresponding effects on postural stability has not been established in this population, we aimed to explore this topic in the present study. This is an exploratory study conducted in the Gait and Balance Laboratory at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University in a period from June 2011 to June 2013. Eligible participants with Parkinson's disease (n = 51) were randomly assigned to either a balance and gait training group or a strength training group. The 12-week training period included two 4-week phases of physiotherapist-supervised laboratory-based training separated by a 4-week phase of self-supervised home-based training. Blinded testers examined postural stability using the limit of stability test, single-leg-stance test, walking test, and the activities-specific balance confidence scale, at baseline and after each training phase. Baseline evaluations revealed no significant difference between the balance and gait training and strength training groups. In the balance and gait training group, the first 4-week training phase led to significant improvement in most measures of balance and gait performance (P < 0.025), and the 12-week training phase yielded further improvements in gait velocity and activities-specific balance confidence scale score. In the strength training group, the first 4-week training phase led to significant improvement in the endpoint excursion in the limit of stability test and gait velocity, and the 12-week training phase resulted in an improvement in the single-leg-stance time and stride length in the walking test. All improvements occurred during the laboratory-based training sessions. Therefore, in individuals with Parkinson's disease, a 4-week period of balance and gait training could improve postural stability, whereas longer durations of strength training are required to gain comparable improvements.
Sensitive sensory stimulation for the arousal treatment of a persistent vegetative state following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Mao Hui-Wen , Li Yan
Published: June 2022

Effective treatments for patients in a persistent vegetative state due to traumatic brain injury (TBI) are currently unavailable. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic use of sensitive sensory stimulation for patients in persistent vegetative state following TBI. This case report discussed a 36-year-old male patient who experienced TBI 75 days prior to admission. Upon hospital admission, the patient was unconscious, could automatically open his eyes, but could not avoid light, trace motions, or execute commands. He was placed on a nasal feeding diet, exhibited urinary and fecal incontinence and developed postoperative urinary retention and a pulmonary infection. He showed no mobility of the upper and lower extremities with hypomyotonia. Medications for nerve repair, regaining consciousness, preventing seizure, resolving phlegm, and protecting the stomach were administered. The activity of the extremities was improved by exercise therapies and low or medium-frequency electric stimulation, bladder and bowel function was improved by acupuncture and abdominal massage, and consciousness recovery was promoted by acupuncture and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Five months following admission, the patient regained consciousness with improved bladder and bowel function. Electroencephalogram indicated that brain function had significantly improved. Auditory evoked potentials and somatosensory evoked potentials suggested that sensation conduction pathways had improved significantly. Sensitive sensory stimulation in combination with routine rehabilitation treatment can effectively cause the regain of consciousness in patients with persistent vegetative state following TBI and improve activities of daily living and the function of the sensation conduction pathways.
Medication errors in Jordan
Authors: Rababa’h Abeer M. , Mardini Afrah Nabil , Ababneh Mera A. , Rababa Mohammad , Hayajneh Maisan
Published: June 2022

Medication errors (MEs) present a significant issue in health care area, as they pose a threat to patient safety and could occur at any stage of the medication use process. The objective of this systematic review was to review studies reporting the rates, prevalence, and/or incidence of various MEs in different health care clinical settings in Jordan. We searched PubMed, HINARI, Google, and SCOPUS for relevant published studies. We included observational, cross-sectional or cohort studies on MEs targeting adults in different health-care settings in Jordan. A total of 411 records were identified through searching different databases. Following the removal of duplicates, screening of title, abstract and full-text screening, 24 papers were included for the final review step. Prescribing errors was the most common error reported in the included studies, where it was reported in 15 studies. The prevalence of prescribing errors ranged from 0.1% to 96%. Two studies reported unintentional discrepancies and documentation errors as other types of MEs, where the prevalence of unintentional discrepancies ranged from 47% to 67.9%, and the prevalence of documentation errors ranged from 33.7% to 65%. In conclusion, a wide variation was found between the reviewed studies in the error prevalence rates. This variation may be due to the variation in the clinical settings, targeted populations, methodologies employed. There is an imperative need for addressing the issue of MEs and improving drug therapy practice among health-care professionals by introducing education and training.
Hematological manifestations of COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome patients and the impact of thrombocytopenia on disease outcomes
Authors: Şimşek Meltem , Yildirim Fatma , Karaman Irem , Dural Halil İbrahim
Published: June 2022

Background:

Platelet count is a simple and readily available biomarker, in which thrombocytopenia was shown to be independently associated with disease severity and risk of mortality in the critical coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of thrombocytopenia on disease progression in critically ill COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) admitted to a medical intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods:

COVID-19-associated ARDS patients in our research hospitals’ ICU were retrospectively investigated. Patients were divided into two groups as thrombocytopenic (<150 × 109/ml) patients on admission or those who developed thrombocytopenia during ICU follow-up (Group 1) and those without thrombocytopenia during ICU course and follow-up (Group 2).

Results:

The median platelet count of all patients was 240 × 109/ml, and the median D-dimer was 1.16 mg/ml. On admission, 32 (18.3%) patients had thrombocytopenia. The mean platelet count of Group 1 was 100.0 ± 47.5 × 109/ml. Group 1 was older and their Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and sequential organ failure assessment scores were higher. Group 1 had lower hemoglobin, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts and higher ferritin and procalcitonin level. Invasive mechanical ventilation was more commonly needed, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was more frequently observed in Group 1. The ICU and hospital length of stay of Group 1 was longer with higher mortality.

Conclusion:

Patients with thrombocytopenia had increased inflammatory markers, frequency of DIC, duration of ICU stay, and mortality. The presence of thrombocytopenia may reflect the progression of COVID-19 toward an unfavorable outcome.
Effectiveness of a Home-Based Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chockalingam Priya , Natarajan Vaishnav , Sekar Tharani , Anantharaman Rajaram , Yusuf Meeranghani Mohamed , Gunasekaran Sengottuvelu , Nayar Pradeep G. , Chockalingam V.
Published: June 2022

Purpose:

Home-based cardiovascular disease (CVD) primary prevention (HBPP) and cardiac rehabilitation (HBCR) programs which occupied a small proportion of the overall Preventive Cardiology work in the past have become mainstream during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a home-based CVD prevention program implemented during the pandemic in India.

Methods:

A retrospective study was conducted on prepandemic and pandemic enrollees. Health behavior, CVD risk factors, physical and mental component score (PCS, MCS) from SF-12 questionnaire, body mass index (BMI), 6-min walk distance (6MWD), and clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed. A multidisciplinary team consisting of Physician, Physiotherapist, Dietician, and Counseling Psychologist provided the program using telehealth platforms.

Results:

Of the 66 subjects (55 ± 13 years, 73% male), 17 (26%) enrolled prepandemic and 49 (74%) enrolled during pandemic, 28 (42%) were HBPP, and 38 (58%) were HBCR participants. Majority of the subjects (n = 51, 77%) with significantly more HBCR than HBPP participants harbored 4 or more risk factors (P = 0.04). In the 60 (91%) program completers, BMI, 6MWD, PCS, and MCS had improved significantly. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, glycosylated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoproteins had improved significantly in affected subjects. Completely home-based participants (n = 44, 67%) who never had any in-person contact with the team during the program also showed significant improvement. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive home-based CVD prevention programs are effective in improving anthropometric, clinical, biochemical, and psychosocial parameters, are a safe alternative to conventional programs, and could potentially become the standard-of-care in the postpandemic era.
Feasibility of Microsurgery in Burn Injury and the Effect of Stem Cell Application
Authors: Gur Ersin , Tiftikcioglu Yigit Özer , Ercan Gulinnaz , Vatansever Hafize Seda , Isik Yakup , Kabadayi Hilal , Karlitepe Ayfer , Songür Ecmel
Published: June 2022

Introduction:

Burn is one of the most severe traumas and can affect skin, muscle, or bone. Although early debridement and use of skin grafts have proven their benefits; in some cases, free flaps are required for early reconstruction. It is undisputed that choosing recipient vessels from unburned or undamaged zones increase the success of anastomosis. However, it may not be possible, especially in large burns. Our study aims to investigate the success of anastomosis beneath burned tissues and the effects of stem cell application.

Materials and Methods:

Twenty-one Wistar albino male rats weighing 250 g on average were divided equally into three Groups. In Group I, femoral artery anastomoses were done as control group. Inguinal area of 7 rats was burned as deep 2nd degree depth, and femoral artery anastomoses were done immediately beneath the burned tissues. In Group III, after burning inguinal area and making anastomoses, adipogenic stem cells were applied on the anastomosis sites. All anastomoses were checked at postoperative 3rd day.

Results:

One rat of Group I died in the postoperative 3rd day and one rat of Group II had a wide wound dehiscence including many of foreign body on anastomosis zone so both were excluded from the study. One anastomosis in Groups I and 3 anastomoses in both Groups II and III failed and others were successful. Statistical analyzes showed that there was no difference between groups (P < 0.05). Stem cell application was not effective on anastomosis patency in burn injury but has benefits in wound healing according to our study.

Conclusion:

Recipient vessels can be chosen from adjacent area to burn or inflammation zone safely for microvascular anastomosis if there is no direct burn damage on vessels.
Rhinoplasty on Patients with von Willebrand's Disease
Authors: Üstün Galip Gencay , Kaya Zuhre
Published: June 2022

Von Willebrand's disease (VWD) is the most common hereditary bleeding disorder. Due to its frequency, occasionally, patients with this disease apply for rhinoplasty. Classically, desmopressin is used in emergent cases, and it is highly effective. However, the lack of long-term treatment and possible side effects limit the desmopressin treatment. Because the fibrinolytic activity in the nasal mucosa is high, antifibrinolytics such as tranexamic acid are beneficial in all types of VWD. An 18-year-old patient with Type 1 VWD who was operated without facing any complications is presented. Treatment involved 4 days of treatment starting the day before the surgery and healing process was uneventful. Patients with a diagnosis of VWD can be operated successfully with preoperative tranexamic acid treatment and using vasoconstrictor agents and avascular surgery planes. In Type 1 VWD or low von Willebrand's factor cases, tranexamic acid is a safe and successful treatment alternative due to its long-term use, local and systemic applicability, and regional affinity.
The Gelfand–Graev representation of classical groups in terms of Hecke algebras
Authors: Bakić Petar , Savin Gordan
Published: June 2022

Let G be a p-adic classical group. The representations in a given Bernstein component can be viewed as modules for the corresponding Hecke algebra—the endomorphism algebra of a pro-generator of the given component. Using Heiermann’s construction of these algebras, we describe the Bernstein components of the Gelfand–Graev representation for
$G=\mathrm {SO}(2n+1)$
,
$\mathrm {Sp}(2n)$
, and
$\mathrm {O}(2n)$
.
Rationality and fusion rules of exceptional $\mathcal {W}$-algebras
Authors: Arakawa Tomoyuki , van Ekeren Jethro
Published: June 2022

First, we prove the Kac–Wakimoto conjecture on modular invariance of characters of exceptional affine

\mathcal {W}

-algebras. In fact more generally we prove modular invariance of characters of all lisse

\mathcal {W}

-algebras obtained through Hamiltonian reduction of admissible affine vertex algebras. Second, we prove the rationality of a large subclass of these

\mathcal {W}

-algebras, which includes all exceptional

\mathcal {W}

-algebras of type

A

and lisse subregular

\mathcal {W}

-algebras in simply laced types. Third, for the latter cases we compute

S

-matrices and fusion rules. Our results provide the first examples of rational

\mathcal {W}

-algebras associated with nonprincipal distinguished nilpotent elements, and the corresponding fusion rules are rather mysterious.
Fargues–Rapoport conjecture for $p$-adic period domains in the non-basic case
Authors: Chen Miaofen
Published: June 2022

We prove the Fargues–Rapoport conjecture for

p

-adic period domains in the non-basic case with minuscule cocharacter. More precisely, we give a group-theoretical criterion for the cases when the admissible locus and weakly admissible locus coincide. This generalizes the result of Hartl (2013) for the group

\operatorname{GL}_n

. In the last section, we also give a conjecture about the intersection of weakly admissible locus and the Newton strata in the flag variety.
$C^2$ interpolation with range restriction
Authors: Fefferman Charles , Jiang Fushuai , Luli Garving K.
Published: June 2022

Given

-\infty< \lambda < \Lambda < \infty

,

E \subset \mathbb{R}^n

finite, and

f\colon E \to [\lambda,\Lambda]

, how can we extend

f

to a

C^m(\mathbb{R}^n)

function

F

such that

\lambda\leq F \leq \Lambda

and

\|F\|_{C^m(\mathbb{R}^n)}

is within a constant multiple of the least possible, with the constant depending only on

m

and

n

? In this paper, we provide the solution to the problem for the case

{m = 2}

. Specifically, we construct a (parameter-dependent, nonlinear)

C^2(\mathbb{R}^n)

extension operator that preserves the range

[\lambda,\Lambda]

, and we provide an efficient algorithm to compute such an extension using

O(N\log N)

operations, where

N = \#(E)

.
Vloga prevajanja pri razumevanju literature korejske manjšine v ZDA:
Authors: Kang Byoung Yoong
Published: June 2022

Roman Native Speaker, čigar avtor je Chang-rae Lee, pripadnik korejske manjšine v ZDA, je bil v korejščino preveden in objavljen dvakrat, prvič leta 1995 in zatem leta 2003. Glavna tema omenjenega romana je iskanje identitete (Američana korejskega rodu), ključ za razumevanje dela pa jezik. Glede na to, kako razumemo identiteto poldruge generacije korejskih priseljencev, ki ji pripadata glavni junak romana, Henry, in pisatelj sam, se lahko interpretacija, ovrednotenje in celo prevod dela precej razlikujejo. Članek proučuje vlogo jezika v omenjenem romanu in analizira novejši prevod v korejščino. Izpostavljene so težave, ki se pojavijo pri prevajanju Leejevih literarnih del, in vloga, ki jo pri razumevanju dela igra prevod. Poleg tega članek obravnava tudi pomen korejskosti, ki ga vsebuje korejska literatura, in ga poskuša ponovno pojasniti.
Chemical composition analysis of essential oils of four plants from Aurès region of Algeria and their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against coagulase-negative staphylococci
Authors: Zatout A. , Djibaoui R. , Flamini G. , Ascrizzi R. , Benbrahim C. , Mazari H.E. , Benkredda F. , Mechaala S. , Kassah-Laouar A.
Published: June 2022

Background: The altitudinal and geographical variability of the Aurès mountains of Algeria favored the existence of some endemic and rare varieties of medicinal plants. The aim of the present work is to determine the chemical composition, antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties of the  essential oils (EOs) from aerial parts of four medicinal plants from Aurès region of Algeria; Juniperus thurifera L., Juniperus oxycedrus L., Salvia   officinalis L. and Thymus ciliatus ssp. munbyanus (Boiss. & Reut.) Batt. on coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolates.

Methodology: Extraction of EOs from the four plant materials was carried out by hydro-distillation, and the EO yield expressed in gram of the distillate per 100 grams of dry matter. The chemical composition of the EOs was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the EOs were evaluated against CoNS previously isolated at the Anti-Cancer Center of Batna, Algeria using the agar disc diffusion assay and biofilm inhibition study, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum  bacterial concentration (MBC) of the EOs of S. officinalis L. and T. ciliatus ssp. munbyanus were determined by the dilution method.

Results: Twenty-seven and 41 compounds rich in monoterpene hydrocarbons were identified from J. oxycedrus and J. thurifera plants respectively, while 45 and 32 compounds, constituted mainly by oxygenated monoterpenes, were identified from S. officinalis L. and T. ciliatus ssp. munbyanus, respectively. The EOs of T. ciliatus ssp. munbyanus showed the most inhibitory activity of all the four plants on CoNS isolates (n=66) with mean  inhibition zone diameter of 24.99±6.29mm, and mean MIC and MBC values of 2.65±3.77mg/ml and 5.31±7.41mg/ml respectively, followed by S.  officinalis L., with mean inhibition zone diameter of 13.38± 6.52mm, and mean MIC and MBC values of 27.53±28.2 mg/ml and 31.97±33.19 mg/ml  respectively (p<0.0001 by one-way ANOVA). Also, percentage biofilm inhibition of CoNS isolates (n=59) was high for EOs of T. ciliatus ssp. munbyanus  (65.63±10.71%) and S. officinalis L. (53.13±5.83%), although was significantly higher for T. ciliatus ssp. munbyanus compared to S. officinalis L. (p<0.0001, t=7.874).

Conclusion: Essential oils from T. ciliatus ssp. munbyanus and S. officinalis L. could represent an alternative to classical antibiotics against planktonic cells and biofilms of CoNS.
Feasibility of Large-Scale Combined-Cycle Hydroelectric Power Generation at Shiroro Hydroelectric Power Station, Nigeria
Authors: Ajao K. R. , Ladokun L. L. , Ogunmokun A. A. , Chindo A. A. , Raji A. I.
Published: June 2022

This paper focuses on a model for increasing the power generation of a hydroelectric power station using the combined application of hydrokinetic turbines installed at the tailrace of the existing dam. Hydrokinetic turbines will capture additional power from the energy remaining in water currents exiting draft-tube outlets and tailrace of the dam. Two commercially available hydrokinetic turbines of different orientation were used for the analysis to theoretically estimate the increased power generation capability of Shiroro hydropower station using an array of 75, 150, 225 and 300 units. Preliminary results showed that at 50% reliability, combined-cycle hydropower can increase the generation capacity of Shiroro hydropower station by 2.5% and that there is a considerable power generation potentials that can be harnessed to augment existing output from the power station and alleviate the existing power problems in the country.
Discrete-Time Markov Chain Application to Population Growth Control in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Nkemnole E. B. , Ikegwu E. M.
Published: June 2022

The study considered the birth gap with four states, length of breastfeeding with four states and type of contraceptives used with five states, by mothers with at least three conceptions in Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria. Data was obtained from the population using a self-designed and administered questionnaire. Results showed that the steady state probability of birth gap was highest at state 4 which is > 24 months implying that 3 out of five women on the long – run will space their births at more than 2 years which ultimately will lead to lower child birth, improved mother’s welfare and healthier children. Also, the distribution of mothers and their switching after each period of childbirth shows that contraceptives are indeed effective in controlling conception. Lastly, the transition probabilities of the states are significantly greater than zero and the state are dependent on each other (p < 0.05). The study therefore concluded that increased birth gaps, elongated length of breastfeeding and the use of contraceptives by mothers in Lagos Metropolis when combined will ultimately lead to slowing childbearing and population growth rate thereby serving as strong instruments in population growth control.
El ejercicio del poder de dirección del empleador y sus límites frente a los derechos de los trabajadores
Authors: Jiménez Silva Carlos , Ramírez Sarmiento Xiomara Jacqueline , Charre Quispe Mónica Franccesca
Published: June 2022

Las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación aplicadas en las relaciones laborales tienen una serie de implicancias constitucionales sobre los límites del ejercicio del poder de dirección, del cual se han emitido distintos pronunciamientos. De ahí surge el interés académico por desarrollar este tema. Se ha recurrido a la doctrina y, desde un punto de vista práctico, a las sentencias del Tribunal Constitucional y a casaciones de la Corte Suprema. El artículo aborda una breve introducción, seguida de algunos conceptos generales sobre el poder de dirección, el cual se disgrega en tres poderes: reglamentario, fiscalizador y sancionador, incluyendo en cada apartado el análisis y notas a los diversos casos jurisprudenciales.
Criminalidad organizada, lavado de activos y extinción de dominio en el Perú
Authors: Acevedo Vásquez Daniela Patricia , Soto Palomino Yuly , Virhuez Cerna Flor Elizabeth
Published: June 2022

Los fenómenos delictivos de gran escala que caracterizan nuestra historia contemporánea son los que se refieren a la constitución de organizaciones criminales. Las organizaciones criminales han configurado una nueva delincuencia, la llamada macrocriminalidad. Esta ha dotado de manera efectiva a grandes bandas criminales y traficantes de drogas de herramientas efectivas para obtener mayores beneficios, lo cual les ha permitido escapar de las posibles investigaciones sobre la procedencia de sus ingresos. Las nuevas modalidades de delitos constituidos por organizaciones criminales rebasan notablemente las fronteras geográficas y temporales. Por ello, el Perú busca enfrentar y luchar contra este tipo de criminalidad a través de nuevas figuras penales.
Dzambulat Dzanti: Ossetian antiquities through the eyes of an emigrant
Authors: Чибиров А.Л.
Published: June 2022

В 1933 году в Париже начал издаваться журнал «Осетия», главным редак-тором которого выступил Дз. Дзанти – общественный деятель, организатор, увле-ченный прошлым Осетии, сумевший привлечь к осетинскому материалу таких ученых,как Г.В. Вернадский и Ю.Н. Рерих. Девять номеров журнала «Осетия», вышедших в пятикнигах в период с 1 января по сентябрь 1933 года, содержат публикации, написанные натрех языках – французском, русском, осетинском. В 1932 г. вместе со своими друзьями-эмигрантами Дзамбулат Дзанти организовал центр осетинских исследований в Пари-же «Институт Осетинологии». С 1953 по 1955 гг. центром было выпущено 6 изданийжурнала. В 1956 году выходит небольшая совместная статья Георгия Вернадского иДзамбулата Дзанти под названием «Осетинская легенда об Иры Дада и Мстиславе».

In 1933, the «Ossetia» journal began to be published in Paris, the editor-in-chiefof which was Dz. Dzanti – a public fi gure, organizer, fascinated by the past of Ossetia, whomanaged to attract such scientists as G.V. Vernadsky and Yu.N. Roerich. Nine issues of thejournal «Ossetia», that were published in fi ve books from January 1st to September 1933, containpublications written in three languages – French, Russian, Ossetian. In 1932, together with hisemigrant friends, Dzambulat Dzanti organized a center for Ossetian studies in Paris, the «Instituteof Ossetian Studies». From 1953 to 1955 the center issued 6 editions of the journal. In 1956,a small joint article by Georgy Vernadsky and Dzambulat Dzanti was published under the title«Ossetian legend about Iry Dada and Mstislav».