bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Standarisasi Sarana, Prasarana dan Tenaga Laboratorium IPA MTs Negeri 8 Jember
Authors: Rivo Alfarizi Kurniawan
Published: July 2021

Online learning at MTs Negeri 8 Jember makes science practicum rarely done in the laboratory so that the laboratory is neglected which causes some tools to be damaged and lost. In addition, the lack of facilities and infrastructure, and laboratory personnel at MTs Negeri 8 Jember is also one of the problems that exist in MTs Negeri 8 Jember. The purpose of this study is to assess the standardization of facilities and infrastructure as well as the science laboratory staff at MTs Negeri 8 Jember. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews. The results show that 75% of the facilities and infrastructures in the MTs Negeri 8 Jember laboratory were available due to missing and damaged practicum tools. Meanwhile, the laboratory staff at MTs Negeri 8 Jember only has ahead of the laboratory, while the laboratory staff and technicians are replaced by the head of the laboratory and the science teacher. The solution to overcome these obstacles, the principal with the school committee, and the laboratory are working together to propose laboratory needs in the form of equipment and materials as well as laboratory personnel.

Abstrak: Pembelajaran daring di MTs Negeri 8 Jember membuat praktikum IPA jarang dilakukan di laboratorium, sehingga laboratorium terbengkalai yang menyebabkan sebagian alat rusak dan hilang. Selain itu kurangnya sarana dan prasarana dan tenaga laboratorium di MTs Negeri 8 Jember juga menjadi salah satu permasalahan yang ada di MTs Negeri 8 Jember. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengkaji standarisasi sarana dan prasarana serta tenaga  Laboratorium IPA di MTs Negeri 8 Jember. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sarana dan prasarana yang ada di laboratorium MTs Negeri 8 Jember tersedia sekitar 75 % disebabkan karena beberapa alat praktikum hilang dan rusak. Sedangkan untuk tenaga laboratorium di MTs Negeri 8 Jember hanya memiliki kepala laboratorium sedangkan tugas laboran serta teknisi di gantikan oleh kepala laboratorium dan guru IPA. Solusi untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut kepala sekolah bersama komite sekolah dan pihak laboratorium berkerja sama untuk mengajukan kebutuhan laboratorium baik berupa alat dan bahan serta tenaga laboratorium.
Gawai pada Anak Usia Dini: Peran Ibu dalam Pendampingan Anak Era Disrupsi 4.0
Authors: Widyandari Devi , Asnatasia Maharani Ega
Published: July 2021

Technological advances that are growing rapidly, require parents, especially mothers, to be technology literate. Gadgets are now a primary need, especially the condition of School from Home, everything has to be online. The purpose of this study to analyze the role of parents, especially mothers, in the use of gadgets in children in the province of DIY. The research method used is descriptive quantitative research with a survey. The data were analyzed statistically using percentages and presented descriptively to reveal the mothers' role in the use of gadgets by children. The results showed that in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the mothers' role in the use of gadgets by children was in the medium category, reaching 44.8%. The roles, based on the parenting aspect, were divided into two: control and warmth. In the former dimension, 41.2% was in the medium category, and 24.8% was in the low category. Meanwhile, in the latter, 34% was medium, and 31% was high. The roles, especially those in the medium category, were influenced by several factors, such as education, parents' perceptions of using gadgets during the School from the Home period, and the children's entertainment media. The findings of this study have implications for parents, especially mothers, to increase assistance in the use of gadgets for children.
Love Cards: Media Orang Tua Menerapkan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada Anak Usia Dini di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Zuniarsih Zuniarsih , Maemonah Maemonah , Dwi Selvi Issaura
Published: July 2021

The impact of COVID-19 has had a major impact on the protection of children's health. Parents need to supervise children in implementing clean and healthy living behavior to avoid COVID-19. The purpose of this research is to use love cards as a form of activity to increase enthusiasm for protecting children's health. This research refers to the type of quantitative quasi-experimental research that applies one group pre-test-post-test design. Data collection techniques using interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. The subject of this study involved 20 parents who provide the results of children's development achievements. The results showed that the application of clean and healthy living behavior during the pre-test was 25%, and after being given treatment using love cards, the percentage was 85%. There was a significant increase from pre test to post test by 60%. That study using love cards have a good effect on increasing the application of clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in early childhood.
Assessment the Natural Radioactivity of Radionuclides ( 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 137Cs) in Wheat Grain
Authors: Hussein Zakariya A. , Salih Najeba F. , Sedeeq Shalaw Z.
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates the activity concentration of radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs) in the wheat grain samples using a high-purity germanium detector. Thirty-six wheat grain samples were collected from different locations of Koya City, Iraqi Kurdistan region. Average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in wheat grain are found to be 0.407 ± 0.097 Bq.kg-1 for 226Ra, 0.36 ± 0.14 Bq.kg-1 for 232Th and 109.25± 2.214 Bq.kg-1 for 40K, respectively. The measured activity concentrations for the radionuclides are compared with the reported data from other countries. In addition, the fallout radionuclide of 137Cs has no detection of in the wheat grain samples. The radium equivalent activity Raeq, internal and external hazard indices Hin and Hex, and annual gonadal dose equivalent are calculated for the measured samples. The total ingestion dose is 113.19 µSv.y-1, which is below the world average value of 290 µSv.y-1.
Use of aqueous plant extracts to reduce profenofos residues in the leaf of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) and suppression of the grasshopper population
Authors: Hoesain Mohammad , Prastowo Sigit , Wagiyana  , Pradana Ankardiansyah Pandu , Alfarisy Fariz Kustiawan , Adiwena Muh
Published: July 2021

Profenofos is an active ingredient from the organophosphate group which residue is often found in various fresh and processed vegetable products. This study aimed to assess the use of aqueous plant extracts of Sapindus rarak seeds, Luffa acutangula peel and Centella asiatica leaves to reduce profenofos residues in leaf of mustard and to evaluate their performance in suppressing the grasshopper populations. S. rarak seeds, L. acutangula peels and C. asiatica leaves were dried and filtered using a 100 mesh sieve. A total of 30 gm samples of each ingredient were mixed with 1000 ml of water and blended at 800 rpm, then filtered using 100 mesh sieve before use. The field experiment was performed by spraying profenofos pesticide with a concentration of 3 ml l-1 at a dose of 30 ml per plant. Two days after the profenofos application, the plants were sprayed with the aqueous plant extracts. Twenty-four hrs aqueous plant extracts application, pesticide residues were detected by the UPLC-MS/MS machine. The phytotoxicity test results showed that the use of aqueous plant extracts at a dose of 30 ml per plant did not cause any phytotoxic symptoms. Furthermore, in the field experiment, the control plants showed a residual value of 2407.62 ng g-1. Results of UPLC-MS/MS showed that the residual value of profenofos in PL treatment (aqueous extract of S. rarak seeds) was 1502.05 ng g-1, the recorded residual value in the PP treatment (aqueous extract of C. asiatica leaves) was 1316.27 ng g-1 and the residual value in the PG treatment (aqueous extract of L. acutangula peels) was 660.71 ng g-1. In the treated plants, the residual value decreased from 37.48% to 72.55%. Furthermore, the number of grasshoppers after the PL treatment decreased and was significantly different from the control. This study provides new information that aqueous plant extracts can reduce the residue of profenofos and suppress the population of grasshoppers in the mustard leaf.
The laboratory in the multidisciplinary diagnosis of differences or disorders of sex development (DSD)
Authors: Granada Maria Luisa , Audí Laura
Published: July 2021

Objectives

46,XY differences/disorders of sex development (DSD) involve an abnormal gonadal and/or genital (external and/or internal) development caused by lack or incomplete intrauterine virilization, with or without the presence of Müllerian ducts remnants.

Content

Useful biochemical markers for differential diagnosis of 46,XY DSD include hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal hormones such as luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormones (LH and FSH; in baseline or after LHRH stimulation conditions), the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, insulin-like 3 (INSL3), adrenal and gonadal steroid hormones (including cortisol, aldosterone, testosterone and their precursors, dihydrotestosterone and estradiol) and the pituitary ACTH hormone. Steroid hormones are measured at baseline or after stimulation with ACTH (adrenal hormones) and/or with HCG (gonadal hormones).

Different patterns of hormone profiles depend on the etiology and the severity of the underlying disorder and the age of the patient at diagnosis. Molecular diagnosis includes detection of gene dosage or copy number variations, analysis of candidate genes or high-throughput DNA sequencing of panels of candidate genes or the whole exome or genome.

Outlook

Differential diagnosis of 46,XX or 46,XY DSD requires a multidisciplinary approach, including patient history and clinical, morphological, imaging, biochemical and genetic data. We propose a diagnostic algorithm suitable for a newborn with DSD that focuses mainly on biochemical and genetic data.
Positive solutions for (p, q)-equations with convection and a sign-changing reaction
Authors: Zeng Shengda , Papageorgiou Nikolaos S.
Published: July 2021

We consider a nonlinear Dirichlet problem driven by the (p, q)-Laplacian and with a reaction which is dependent on the gradient. We look for positive solutions and we do not assume that the reaction is nonnegative. Using a mixture of variational and topological methods (the "frozen variable" technique), we prove the existence of a positive smooth solution.
Accelerating laser processes with a smart two-dimensional polygon mirror scanner for ultra-fast beam deflection
Authors: Roessler Florian , Streek André
Published: July 2021

In laser processing, the possible throughput is directly scaling with the available average laser power. To avoid unwanted thermal damage due to high pulse energy or heat accumulation during MHz-repetition rates, energy distribution over the workpiece is required. Polygon mirror scanners enable high deflection speeds and thus, a proper energy distribution within a short processing time. The requirements of laser micro processing with up to 10 kW average laser powers and high scan speeds up to 1000 m/s result in a 30 mm aperture two-dimensional polygon mirror scanner with a patented low-distortion mirror configuration. In combination with a field programmable gate array-based real-time logic, position-true high-accuracy laser switching is enabled for 2D, 2.5D, or 3D laser processing capable to drill holes in multi-pass ablation or engraving. A special developed real-time shifter module within the high-speed logic allows, in combination with external axis, the material processing on the fly and hence, processing of workpieces much larger than the scan field.
Aufbau und Konzeption von Selbstlernkursen zu digitalen Kompetenzen
Authors: Czerwinski Silvia , Tasche Tatyana
Published: July 2021

In einem vierjährigen Projekt hat die Universität Göttingen Online-Kurse entwickelt, die Studierende bei der Entwicklung von digitalen Kompetenzen unterstützen sollen. Die Kurse stehen den Studierenden als Selbstlernmaterialien über das universitäre Lernmanagementsystem Stud.IP/ILIAS zur Verfügung. Für Nichtangehörige der Universität besteht ein freier Zugang über die Plattform OpenILIAS. Da die Kurse unter einer Creativ-Commons-Lizenz veröffentlicht wurden, können sie in Teilen oder im Ganzen weiterverbreitet, verändert und ergänzt werden.
Entwicklung und Typologie des Datendiensts Unpaywall
Authors: Jahn Najko , Hobert Anne , Haupka Nick
Published: July 2021

Analysen im Bereich des Open-Access-Publizierens haben sich mit der Verfügbarkeit großer vernetzter Datensammlungen wie Unpaywall bedeutend vereinfacht. Der Artikel untersucht die Entwicklung des Datenbestands und der -struktur seit 2018. Eine Vollerhebung der Zeitschriftenartikel des Zeitraums 2008–2018 zeigt, dass der OA-Anteil kontinuierlich wächst. Allerdings variiert die OA-Kategorisierung, was methodische Fragen beim Publikationsmonitoring und in der bibliometrischen Forschung aufwirft.
Plansprachen und Sprachplanung
Authors: Tuider Bernhard
Published: July 2021

Dieser Beitrag berichtet über das Symposium „Planned Languages and Language Planning“, das die Österreichische Nationalbibliothek am 24. und 25. Oktober 2019 organisierte. Der Bericht zu den sechzehn Vorträgen gibt einen Überblick über aktuelle Forschungsthemen auf dem Gebiet der Interlinguistik.
Electronic Legal Deposit in the United Kingdom: Successes and Challenges of Transfer and Transformation
Authors: Jensen Kristian
Published: July 2021

The introduction of electronic legal deposit is arguably the greatest transformation which national libraries have undergone in our professional lifetimes. This article argues that many institutions have successfully implemented technical, structural, and cultural transformative change, while there is more to do, and challenges remain. When it comes to transfer however, the ability to give users meaningful access to the legal deposit collections, the picture is rather different: much good work is being done, but the transformative potential of electronic legal deposit has not been realised for our users. The article explores the broader cultural background specifically in the United Kingdom against which the relevant legislation was shaped to understand better what steps could be taken in the future to redress this imbalance.
Eine neue Form der Recherche in Bibliotheken
Authors: Mattmann Beat , Regenass Noah
Published: July 2021

Suchportale von Bibliotheken haben im Laufe der Zeit immer stärker eine Reduktion auf einfachste Suchmöglichkeiten im Stile von Google erfahren. Das kommt zwar den Gewohnheiten der Nutzer:innen entgegen, schränkt aber die Möglichkeiten einer fundierten Recherche ein. Abhilfe schaffen explorative Suchinstrumente. Damit diese ökonomisch und bedarfsgerecht realisiert werden können, braucht es eine hohe Datenqualität und einen standardisierten Werkzeugkasten zur Umsetzung von Rechercheoberflächen. Anstelle eines Ausbaus der Funktionen von Suchportalen empfiehlt sich daher eine Ausrichtung und Individualisierung zusätzlicher Recherchetools auf konkrete Anwendungskontexte und Nutzertypen.
Produktion sowie Nutzung von Forschungsdaten und das Datenmanagement Forschender: eine empirische Analyse
Authors: Katzmayr Michael , Seyffertitz Thomas
Published: July 2021

Hochschulbibliotheken oder andere forschungsunterstützende Serviceabteilungen, die sich mit Forschungsdatenmanagement befassen, verfügen häufig nicht über umfassende Informationen darüber, welche Arten von Forschungsdaten an der jeweiligen Hochschule gesammelt, verwendet, produziert und verbreitet werden. Ein umfassender Überblick über die Forschungsdatenlandschaft ist Voraussetzung für die strategische Planung und Entwicklung geeigneter, lokal angepasster Serviceleistungen. Diese Fallstudie beschreibt die Erhebung der Produktion und Verwendung von Forschungsdaten an der Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien (WU) und darauf aufbauend die Etablierung und Koordination des Forschungsdatenmanagements durch die Universitätsbibliothek. Die Studie führte einerseits zu interessanten und für die Serviceentwicklung relevanten Ergebnissen. Andererseits wurde die hierbei verwendete Herangehensweise in ein Vorgehensmodell überführt, das auch an anderen wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen anwendbar erscheint.
Transfer and Transformation: Leadership in a Time of Change
Authors: Seadle Michael
Published: July 2021

This article addresses three interrelated themes: the emergence of digital libraries and the digital presence in physical libraries, the internationalization of the intellectual as well as organizational aspects of library work, and Elmar Mittler’s contributions toward making both happen.
Transfer und Transformation Alte Bücher – lebendige Daten – ein Vierteljahrhundert CERL
Authors: Fabian Claudia
Published: July 2021

Alte Bücher – das schriftliche kulturelle Erbe – haben bis heute überlebt und wirken. Sie haben Transfer und Transformation als Objekte erlebt und in vielerlei Hinsicht dank ihrer vielfältigen Inhalte ermöglicht. Einen epochalen Wandel erlaubte ihnen das digitale Zeitalter. Alte, ortsfeste Bestandskataloge werden zu Datenbanken, Originale werden digitalisiert. Es entstehen Daten in Datenstrukturen, die sich ihrerseits wandeln, entwickeln und vernetzen, lebendige Daten also. Das Consortium of European Research Libraries ist als Gemeinschaft in diesem Zeitenwechsel entstanden. Es widmet sich jenen Herausforderungen des kulturellen Erbes, die durch Öffnung und Vernetzung der Daten, vor allem aber der bestandshaltenden Institutionen und interessierten Forschung den alten Büchern zeitgemäße Wirkung verleihen, Transfer und Transformation in diesem sehr speziellen Bereich ermöglichen und begleiten.
Fordern und Fördern – Verbände als Akteure der digitalen Transformation
Authors: Degkwitz Andreas
Published: July 2021

Die Mission Öffentlicher und wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken beruht auf Teilhabe an Informationen und Medien, an Kompetenzentwicklung und Qualifizierung sowie an Diskursen in Bildung, Gesellschaft, Kultur und Wissenschaft. Im Zuge tiefgreifender, gesellschaftlicher Umbrüche, zu denen auch der digitale Wandel gehört, ist Teilhabe von zentraler Bedeutung, die auf den Werten unserer demokratischen Gesellschaft beruht. Bibliothekarische Verbände machen sich diese Mission zunehmend zu Eigen und tragen in ihrer politischen Kommunikation wie durch Förderung ihrer Mitglieder zur Sichtbarkeit dieser Mission bei. So entwickeln sich aus Verbänden Communities, in denen zunehmend das Engagement der einzelnen Mitglieder gefordert wird. Die gemeinsame Mission stärkt Verbände und Mitglieder und verleiht den gemeinsamen Zielen ihren gesellschaftlichen Stellenwert.
Digitalisierung – Chancen für Überlieferung und geistes- und kulturwissenschaftliche Forschung
Authors: Rapp Andrea
Published: July 2021

Bibliotheken gehören zu den wichtigsten physischen Infrastrukturen der Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften. Zugleich gehören Bibliotheken zu den Early Adopters von digitalen Technologien, seit den 1960er-Jahren im Bereich Katalogisierung und verstärkt seit den 1990er-Jahren im Bereich der Bestände. Die Übergänge zwischen Infrastruktur und Forschung waren seit jeher fließend bzw. integrativ gedacht. Die Möglichkeiten geistes- und kulturwissenschaftlicher Forschung werden von der Beschaffenheit und Verfügbarkeit ihrer Gegenstände bestimmt, daher ist auch die Transformation analoger Bestände ins Digitale bereits Teil des Forschungsprozesses.

Digitalität wird aus mehreren Perspektiven in den Blick genommen: (1) als Transfer des analogen Objekts in ein digitales Objekt, (2) als Transformation des Inhalts in ein maschinenlesbares Format, das inhärente bzw. implizite Strukturen und Semantik expliziert, (3) als Methodeninventar, das vom hermeneutischen Annotieren bis zu KI-Verfahren reichen kann. Dabei werden Bestände nicht nur medial und als Bestand einer digitalen Bibliothek „neu-inszeniert“, sondern es stellen sich Fragen nach einer digitalen Epistemologie der Geistes- und Kulturwissenschaften, die gemeinsam erforscht werden müssen.
Mittelalterliche Bibliotheken und (digitale) Wissensordnung – Zur Aktualität einer alten Forschungsfrage
Authors: Schlotheuber Eva
Published: July 2021

Die Transformation von Wissen und Forschung der Geisteswissenschaften in den digitalen Raum ist im Arbeitsalltag bereits weit fortgeschritten. Mit dieser Transformation, die sich als eine rasante technische Revolution vollzieht, entwickelt sich nicht zuletzt eine neue digitale Wissensordnung. Unsere Ordnungssysteme reichen kulturell viele Jahrhunderte, bis weit in das Mittelalter und die Antike zurück. Die Ordnung des Wissens ist fundamental, denn erst Ordnung macht Wissen zu Wissen, indem sie Wissenswertes von Nicht-Wissenswertem trennt. Wissensordnungen sind immer hierarchisierend, weshalb man zu jeder Zeit intensiv um die Ordnung des Wissens gerungen hat. Sie muss sich mit neuen Bildungssystemen ebenso wandeln, wie sie sich durch neu erschlossene Wissensbereiche, neue soziale Gruppen oder neue Anforderungen innerhalb der Gesellschaft verändert. In dem Beitrag geht es um methodische Ansätze zur Erforschung vormoderner Buchsammlungen als haptisch erfahrbare Wissensräume und den damit verbundenen langfristigen Dynamiken, die es erlauben, die fundamentalen Unterschiede zwischen der analogen und der digitalen Umgebung neu zu reflektieren.
Vokabularien für eine globale Bibliothek – Von Transfer, Transformation und Transkulturalität
Authors: Mittler Barbara
Published: July 2021

Bereits vor einem halben Jahrhundert hat Michel Foucault in seiner Ordnung der Dinge auf die Willkür und Macht von Ordnungssystemen hingewiesen. Dieser Beitrag versucht, Vorschläge für ein neues dialogisches Format zur Konzeption einer globalen Bibliothek zu machen, die von und mit dem, was in einem Ordnungssystem als „randständig“ in einem anderen jedoch „zentral“ erscheinen mag, gedacht wird. Diese globale Bibliothek als „geteiltes“ und nicht mehr „hierarchisiertes“ Welterbe setzt eine neue Sprache, neue Vokabularien voraus, die nicht nur diachron, sondern auch diatopisch angelegt sind, und immer bereits aus einer transkulturellen Perspektive betrachtet werden, die es erlaubt, die transformative Kraft von kulturellem Transfer konstruktiv und kreativ zu nutzen.
Transfer und Transformation
Authors: Mittler Elmar
Published: July 2021

Es werden wichtige Etappen der Bibliotheksentwicklung der letzten 50 Jahre angesprochen. Am Anfang stehen die Bibliothekspläne der 70er- und 80er-Jahre, die Grundlagen oder Forderungskataloge für den Ausbau und die Reorganisation des Bibliothekswesens waren und nach der Wiedervereinigung die schnelle Integration der Bibliotheken in den neuen Ländern befördert haben. Die Ausstellung Bibliotheca Palatina 1986 mit ihrem überwältigenden Publikumserfolg war Ausgangspunkt der Wiedergewinnung der ehemals Heidelberger Bibliothekschätze durch Mikroverfilmung, Digitalisierung und Forschung. Die EDV-Entwicklung führte zunächst zur gläsernen Bibliothek in weltweiter Vernetzung. Inzwischen ist eine Metamorphose der Bibliotheken im Gang, die ihre Bestände virtuell grenzenlos zur Verfügung stellen können und in ihren Gebäuden neben Informationsmedien aller Art auch Raum für den Wissenserwerb durch aktives, oft kollaboratives Gestalten anbieten. So werden die Bibliotheken – unterstützt durch funktionale und oft auch faszinierende Architektur – immer mehr von den Bibliothekarsbibliotheken der Vergangenheit zu den Nutzerbibliotheken von morgen.
Wissenschaftliche Verlage – Versuch einer Prognose
Authors: Saur Klaus G.
Published: July 2021

Die Emigration deutscher Verleger während der NS-Herrschaft führte zur Gründung neuer wissenschaftlicher Verlage in Großbritannien und den USA. Die Entwicklung des Verlagswesens wurde durch technische Neuerungen stark geprägt. Zunächst revolutionierte seit 1955 die Erfindung des Lichtsatzes die Druckbranche. Der Einsatz von Mikrofilmen und Mikrofiches ermöglichte neue Produkte wie das Deutsche Biographische Archiv. An ihre Stelle traten zunehmend CD-ROM- und Datenbanken im Internet. Dieses ermöglichte Open-Access-Publikationen, die vor allem im Bereich der Nachschlagewerke viele erfolgreiche Verlagsprodukte kannibalisierten (z. B. Brockhaus und Pschyrembel: Wikipedia). Auch das Selfpublishing bedeutet eine zunehmende Gefahr für die Verlage, vor allem seit der digitale Druck kostengünstige Kleinstauflagen ermöglicht. Dies hat zwar zu einer erheblichen Kostenreduzierung bei den Verlagen geführt, bietet aber auch Dienstleistern wie Books on demand eine Chance, an ihre Stelle zu treten. Die Umsätze auch bei den wissenschaftlichen Großverlagen gehen ohne Berücksichtigung der Zukäufe zurück. Die Prognose für die weitere Entwicklung der wissenschaftlichen Buchverlage ist schlecht, weil Verluste durch innovative Produkte wie E-Books und Hörbücher oder neue Serviceleistungen wie Fortbildungsveranstaltungen nicht ausgeglichen werden können. Man muss mit einem Rückgang von 15 % rechnen, der viele Verlage gefährden wird. Einzige Ausnahme bilden die juristischen Verlage, die weiter mit Gewinn arbeiten.
Forschungsdaten und Bibliotheken – Gedankenexperimente zur Covidpandemie und Einschätzungen
Authors: Horstmann Wolfram
Published: July 2021

Was wäre wenn eine erneute Covidpandemie im Jahre 2070 zeigen würde, dass eine schnelle Eindämmung deshalb nicht möglich ist, weil die Forschungsdaten aus den Jahren um 2020 nicht nachhaltig gespeichert wurden. Ausgehend von dieser Frage werden Einschätzungen zur Rolle von Bibliotheken für Forschungsdaten entwickelt. Grundsätzlich wird geschlossen, dass Bibliotheken eine besondere Chance haben, einen wichtigen Anteil an der Bewältigung der Herausforderungen im Kontext von Forschungsdaten zu tragen und damit eine neue Identität der Bibliothek zu prägen.
In vitro evaluation of lactic acid bacteria with probiotic activity isolated from local pickled leaf mustard from Wuwei in Anhui as substitutes for chemical synthetic additives
Authors: Wu Changjun , Lin Xiaopei , Tong Lin , Dai Chenwei , Lv Han , Zhou Xiuhong , Zhang Jian
Published: July 2021

The extensive abuse of chemical synthetic additives has raised increased attention to food safety. As substitutes, probiotics play an important role in human health as they balance the intestinal microbes in host. This study was aimed to isolate and evaluate the potential probiotic activities of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from a local pickled leaf mustard (PLM) from Wuwei city in Anhui province through in vitro experiments. A total of 17 LAB strains were obtained as probiotics. All the isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, erythromycin, and doxycycline but exhibited resistance to antibiotics (e.g., streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin, and vancomycin). Out of the 17 strains, 9 were sensitive to most of the antibiotics and had no cytotoxic activity on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT-29) cells. The isolated AWP4 exhibited antibacterial activity against four indicator pathogen strains (ATCC8099: Escherichia coli, ATCC6538: Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC9120: Salmonella enteric, and BNCC192105: Shigella sonnei). Based on the phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, AWP4 belonged to Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. This study indicated that the Wuwei local PLM could be a potential resource to isolate beneficial LAB as probiotics. The data provide theoretical guidance for further animal experiments to estimate the probiotic effect and safety of Lpb. plantarum AWP4 in vivo.
Utilization and simulation of innovative new binuclear Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), and Zn(ii) diimine Schiff base complexes in sterilization and coronavirus resistance (Covid-19)
Authors: Refat Moamen S. , Gaber Ahmed , Alsanie Walaa F. , Kobeasy Mohamed I. , Zakaria Rozan , Alam Kehkashan
Published: July 2021

This article aimed at the synthesis and molecular docking assessment of new diimine Schiff base ligand, namely 2-((E)-(2-((Z)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyvinyl)hydrazono) methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (methoxy-diim), via the condensation of 1-(4-chloro-phenyl)-2-hydrazino-ethenol compound with 2-((E)-(2-((Z)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxy vinyl) hydrazono)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol in acetic acid as well as the preparation of new binuclear complexes of Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii), and Zn(ii). The following synthesized complexes were prepared in a ratio of 2:1 (metal/ligand). The 1H-NMR, UV-Vis, and FTIR spectroscopic data; molar conductivity measurements; and microanalytical, XRD, TGA/DTG, and biological studies were carried out to determine the molecular structure of these complexes. According to the spectroscopic analysis, the two central metal ions were coordinated with the diamine ligand via the nitrogen of the hydrazine and oxygen of the hydroxyl groups for the first metal ions and via the nitrogen of the hydrazine and oxygen of the phenol group for the second metal ions. Molecular docking for the free ligand was carried out against the breast cancer 3hb5-oxidoreductase and the 4o1v-protein binding kidney cancer and COVID-19 protease, and good results were obtained.
Detections and SIR simulations of the COVID-19 pandemic waves in Ukraine
Authors: Nesteruk Igor
Published: July 2021

Background. Unfortunately, the COVID-19 pandemic is still far from stabilizing. Of particular concern is the sharp increase in the number of diseases in June-July, September-October 2020 and February-March 2021. The causes and consequences of this sharp increase in the number of cases are still waiting for their researchers, but there is already an urgent need to assess the possible duration of the pandemic, the expected number of patients and deaths. Correct simulation of the infectious disease dynamics needs complicated mathematical models and many efforts for unknown parameters identification. Constant changes in the pandemic conditions (in particular, the peculiarities of quarantine and its violation, situations with testing and isolation of patients) cause various epidemic waves, lead to changes in the parameter values of the mathematical models.

Objective. In this article, pandemic waves in Ukraine will be detected, calculated and discussed. The estimations for durations and final sizes of the epidemic waves will be presented.

Methods. We propose a simple method for the epidemic waves detection based on the differentiation of the smoothed number of cases. We use the generalized SIR (susceptible-infected-removed) model for the dynamics of the epidemic waves. The known exact solution of the SIR differential equations and statistical approach were used. We will use different data sets for accumulated number of cases in order to compare the results of simulations and predictions.

Results. Nine pandemic waves were detected in Ukraine and corresponding optimal values of the SIR model parameters were identified. The number of cases and the number of patients spreading the infection versus time were calculated. In particular, the pandemic in Ukraine probably began in January 2020. If current trends continue, the end of the pandemic should be expected no earlier than in summer 2021.

Conclusions. The differentiation of the smoothed number of cases, the SIR model and statistical approach to the parameter identification are helpful to select COVID-19 pandemic waves and make some reliable estimations and predictions. The obtained information will be useful to regulate the quarantine activities, to predict the medical and economic consequences of the pandemic.
Antiviral Resistance against Viral Mutation: Praxis and Policy for SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Penner Robert
Published: July 2021

Tools developed by Moderna, BioNTech/Pfizer, and Oxford/Astrazeneca, among others, provide universal solutions to previously problematic aspects of drug or vaccine delivery, uptake and toxicity, portending new tools across the medical sciences. A novel method is presented based on estimating protein backbone free energy via geometry to predict effective antiviral targets, antigens and vaccine cargos that are resistant to viral mutation. This method is reviewed and reformulated in light of the recent proliferation of structural data on the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and its mutations in multiple lineages. Key findings include: collections of mutagenic residues reoccur across strains, suggesting cooperative convergent evolution; most mutagenic residues do not participate in backbone hydrogen bonds; metastability of the glyco-protein limits the change of free energy through mutation thereby constraining selective pressure; and there are mRNA or virus-vector cargos targeting low free energy peptides proximal to conserved high free energy peptides providing specific recipes for vaccines with greater specificity than the full-spike approach. These results serve to limit peptides in the spike glycoprotein with high mutagenic potential and thereby provide a priori constraints on viral and attendant vaccine evolution. Scientific and regulatory challenges to nucleic acid therapeutic and vaccine development and deployment are finally discussed.
New soft separation axioms and fixed soft points with respect to total belong and total non-belong relations
Authors: Al-shami Tareq M. , Tercan Adnan , Mhemdi Abdelwaheb
Published: July 2021

In this article, we exploit the relations of total belong and total non-belong to introduce new soft separation axioms with respect to ordinary points, namely

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Catalase biosensor based on the PAni/cMWCNT support for peroxide sensing
Authors: Domínguez-Aragón Angélica , Dominguez Rocio B. , Peralta-Pérez María del Rosario , Armando Zaragoza-Contreras Erasto
Published: July 2021

Polymeric-based composites can contribute to enhancing the detection, stability, and performance of enzymatic biosensors, due to their high structural stability, conductivity, and biocompatibility. This work presents the fabrication of a nanocomposite of polyaniline (PAni)/gold nanoparticles (AuNP)/carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (cMWCNT) as functional support for covalently linked catalase (CAT) enzyme. PAni was electropolymerized on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and decorated with AuNP to improve charge transfer properties. CAT was bonded through amide formation using the carboxylic groups of cMWCNT, resulting in PAni/AuNP/cMWCNT/CAT biosensor. The structural and electroactive characteristics of the nanocomposite were studied by SEM, FT-IR, and cyclic voltammetry. The optimal performance was achieved after CAT immobilization over PAni/AuNP/cMWCNT/nanocomposite, showing improved analytical features such as a fast amperometric response of 1.28 s, a wide detection range from 0.01 to 6.8 mM, a correlation coefficient (R
2) of 0.9921, a low detection limit of 2.34 µM, and an average recovery rate of 99.6% when evaluated in milk samples. Additionally, the bioelectrode showed excellent selectivity and retained bioactivity after 30 days of storage. Such remarkable performance proved the synergistic effects of both the high surface area of the cMWCNT and AuNP and the inherent PAni electroactivity, yielding direct electron transfer from CAT.
Performance Impacts of Innovation Outcomes in Entrepreneurial New Ventures
Authors: Manolopoulos Dimitris , Söderquist Klas Eric , Mamakou Xenia J.
Published: July 2021

Entrepreneurial innovation and its link to performance are attracting increasing attention among academics, entrepreneurs, and innovators alike. Our purpose is to prioritise and investigate the relative impact of distinct categories and types of innovation on multidimensional performance areas of new ventures. Accordingly, we relate the recently developed 10 Types of Innovation model to a comprehensive performance measurement framework specific to entrepreneurial new ventures and conduct empirical validation of the model for performance impacts. The 10 Types model shows reasonable psychometric properties and appears to effectively portray the innovation outcome conundrum. Our empirical evidence shows that the influence of innovation categories – configuration, offering, and experience – is substantively different across various performance criteria. Conversely, the effects of innovation types on different performance areas (financial, customer, process, and learning) do not present important variations, and thus do not seem to be contingent upon the nature of the performance measures considered.
The Mechanism of Entrepreneurs’ Social Networks on Innovative Startups’ Innovation Performance Considering the Moderating Effect of the Entrepreneurial Competence and Motivation
Authors: Gao Junguang , Cheng Yuan , He Hui , Gu Fuzhen
Published: July 2021

Innovative startups can bring many benefits to society. Drawing on the social network theory (SNT) and resource-based view (RBV), with mix methods approach, this paper argues that as the primary path for startups acquiring external resources, social networks are beneficial to improving innovative startups’ innovation performance. Using a large amount of data from GEM (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor), this paper first runs correlation analysis and regression analysis to empirically analyze entrepreneurs’ social networks’ impact on China’s innovative startups’ innovation performance. The results show that both formal and informal social networks are positively correlated with innovative startups’ innovation performance. Then we consider the moderating effect of entrepreneurial competence and motivation. And the results show both entrepreneurial competence and motivation positively moderate the correlation above. Second, to explore the above correlation’s internal mechanism, we conduct semi-structured interviews with 14 entrepreneurs. Drawing on the resource management theory (RMT) and the process of cross-border knowledge search and assimilation, the mechanism model of entrepreneurs’ social networks on startups’ innovation performance is proposed through content analysis.
Research on the electromagnetic scattering from foam sea based on SMCG
Authors: Huang Weifan
Published: July 2021

The electromagnetic scattering characteristics of foam in Marine environment are studied in this paper. The Elfouhaily sea spectrum model is established, and the dielectric constants of seawater/ocean foam are calculated based on the double Debye dielectric constant model, furthermore, the formula relation between them is given. As an important factor affecting ocean electromagnetic scattering, the thickness of foam is proportional to the wind speed above the sea surface. In this paper, the SMCG method based on the surface current equation is mainly used to calculate the electromagnetic scattering coefficient of the environment, and the correctness of the SMCG algorithm is verified by comparing the calculated results with the actual measured data. Based on the computer simulation, the influence of the existence of ocean foam on the environmental scattering is discussed, and the Marine electromagnetic scattering coefficients under different wind speeds, different scrape angles and different radar bands are calculated. Through the analysis of the calculation results, the influences of wind speed, grazing angle and frequency on the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the Marine environment containing foam are studied, and the general variation rule is obtained: the intensity of electromagnetic scattering increases with the increase of wind speed, the decrease of incident Angle and the increase of frequency. The results of this paper can be used to guide ocean navigation and fishery, and have reference significance in the military field.
Green synthesis of ZnS nanoparticles and fabrication of ZnS–chitosan nanocomposites for the removal of Cr(vi) ion from wastewater
Authors: Xaba Thokozani
Published: July 2021

A modified homogeneous precipitation method has been used to synthesize ZnS nanoparticles. Starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were utilized as capping molecules, and later, the ZnS–PVA-capped nanoparticles were then incorporated with chitosan to form ZnS–chitosan nanocomposites for the removal of Cr(vi) ion from wastewater. The optical measurements of the synthesized ZnS nanoparticles showed the band gap which was blue-shifted when compared with the bulk ZnS material. The crystalline structures were determined by X-ray diffraction, and the crystalline sizes were estimated from the Scherer formula. XRD spectra confirmed the formation of hexagonal phase for the uncapped ZnS nanoparticles with an average crystalline size of 3.71 nm whereas the starch- and PVA-capped ZnS nanoparticles showed the formation of cubic phase structures with crystalline sizes of 3.26 and 2.88 nm. The TEM image showed spherical particles with regular morphologies and significantly narrow size distributions. The calculated average particle diameters were in good agreement with the estimated XRD result. The removal of Cr(vi) ion from wastewater was studied through the adsorption process. The effect of pH, dosage, and contact time was investigated. More than 95% of the metal ion recovery was achieved through using ZnS–chitosan nanocomposites.
Machine learning based disease prediction from genotype data
Authors: Katsaouni Nikoletta , Tashkandi Araek , Wiese Lena , Schulz Marcel H.
Published: July 2021

Using results from genome-wide association studies for understanding complex traits is a current challenge. Here we review how genotype data can be used with different machine learning (ML) methods to predict phenotype occurrence and severity from genotype data. We discuss common feature encoding schemes and how studies handle the often small number of samples compared to the huge number of variants. We compare which ML methods are being applied, including recent results using deep neural networks. Further, we review the application of methods for feature explanation and interpretation.
The relevance of adhesion G protein-coupled receptors in metabolic functions
Authors: Kaczmarek Isabell , Suchý Tomáš , Prömel Simone , Schöneberg Torsten , Liebscher Ines , Thor Doreen
Published: July 2021

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) modulate a variety of physiological functions and have been proven to be outstanding drug targets. However, approximately one-third of all non-olfactory GPCRs are still orphans in respect to their signal transduction and physiological functions. Receptors of the class of Adhesion GPCRs (aGPCRs) are among these orphan receptors. They are characterized by unique features in their structure and tissue-specific expression, which yields them interesting candidates for deorphanization and testing as potential therapeutic targets. Capable of G-protein coupling and non-G protein-mediated function, aGPCRs may extend our repertoire of influencing physiological function. Besides their described significance in the immune and central nervous systems, growing evidence indicates a high importance of these receptors in metabolic tissue. RNAseq analyses revealed high expression of several aGPCRs in pancreatic islets, adipose tissue, liver, and intestine but also in neurons governing food intake. In this review, we focus on aGPCRs and their function in regulating metabolic pathways. Based on current knowledge, this receptor class represents high potential for future pharmacological approaches addressing obesity and other metabolic diseases.
Tuning the network charge of biohybrid hydrogel matrices to modulate the release of SDF-1
Authors: Kühn Sebastian , Freyse Joanna , Atallah Passant , Rademann Jörg , Freudenberg Uwe , Werner Carsten
Published: July 2021

The delivery of chemotactic signaling molecules via customized biomaterials can effectively guide the migration of cells to improve the regeneration of damaged or diseased tissues. Here, we present a novel biohybrid hydrogel system containing two different sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG)/sGAG derivatives, namely either a mixture of short heparin polymers (Hep-Mal) or structurally defined nona-sulfated tetrahyaluronans (9s-HA4-SH), to precisely control the release of charged signaling molecules. The polymer networks are described in terms of their negative charge, i.e. the anionic sulfate groups on the saccharides, using two parameters, the integral density of negative charge and the local charge distribution (clustering) within the network. The modulation of both parameters was shown to govern the release characteristics of the chemotactic signaling molecule SDF-1 and allows for seamless transitions between burst and sustained release conditions as well as the precise control over the total amount of delivered protein. The obtained hydrogels with well-adjusted release profiles effectively promote MSC migrationin vitroand emerge as promising candidates for new treatment modalities in the context of bone repair and wound healing.
Collagen/glycosaminoglycan-based matrices for controlling skin cell responses
Authors: Anderegg Ulf , Halfter Norbert , Schnabelrauch Matthias , Hintze Vera
Published: July 2021

Wound healing and tissue regeneration are orchestrated by the cellular microenvironment, e.g. the extracellular matrix (ECM). Including ECM components in biomaterials is a promising approach for improving regenerative processes, e.g. wound healing in skin. This review addresses recent findings for enhanced epidermal-dermal regenerative processes on collagen (coll)/glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-based matrices containing sulfated GAG (sGAG) in simple and complex in vitro models. These matrices comprise 2D-coatings, electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds, and photo-crosslinked acrylated hyaluronan (HA-AC)/coll-based hydrogels. They demonstrated to regulate keratinocyte and fibroblast migration and growth, to stimulate melanogenesis in melanocytes from the outer root sheath (ORS) of hair follicles and to enhance the epithelial differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). The matrices’ suitability for delivery of relevant growth factors, like heparin-binding epidermal growth factor like growth factor (HB-EGF), further highlights their potential as bioinspired, functional microenvironments for enhancing skin regeneration.
iMLP, a predictor for internal matrix targeting-like sequences in mitochondrial proteins
Authors: Schneider Kevin , Zimmer David , Nielsen Henrik , Herrmann Johannes M. , Mühlhaus Timo
Published: July 2021

Matrix targeting sequences (MTSs) direct proteins from the cytosol into mitochondria. Efficient targeting often relies on internal matrix targeting-like sequences (iMTS-Ls) which share structural features with MTSs. Predicting iMTS-Ls was tedious and required multiple tools and webservices. We present iMLP, a deep learning approach for the prediction of iMTS-Ls in protein sequences. A recurrent neural network has been trained to predict iMTS-L propensity profiles for protein sequences of interest. The iMLP predictor considerably exceeds the speed of existing approaches. Expanding on our previous work on iMTS-L prediction, we now serve an intuitive iMLP webservice available at http://iMLP.bio.uni-kl.de and a stand-alone command line tool for power user in addition.