bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROSTO QUÍMICO: UMA RELAÇÃO ENTRE A ARTE E A CIÊNCIA
Authors: Elaine Gardinal Denck  , Nelson Silva Junior
Published: May 2023

Esse artigo é uma pesquisa em Arte sobre modelagem em Cerâmica, poética e avanços científicos na vida do homem. Apresenta a obra Rosto Químico, (argila shiro, dimensões: 18 x 12 x 19 cm), seu estudo, confecção e poética, resulta da reflexão sobre o uso indevido de produtos químicos e seus impactos ambientais. O aporte teórico se baseia, em especial, em Fischer (1981), sobre o despertar da evolução do homem e a relação com a Arte, em Rey (2002), sobre a metodologia de pesquisa em Artes Visuais, o estudo e a produção da arte. Com Ménasé (2004), a compreensão da obra de arte. Apresenta o artista como partícipe de uma experiência estética, refletindo, criando e modelando seus próprios sentimentos. O trabalho apresenta a obra de arte como resultado de uma relação entre a Arte e a Ciência, tanto ao refletirmos sobre os efeitos nocivos de produtos químicos usados de diferentes formas, quanto ao pensarmos no trabalho específico da Cerâmica, cujo suporte (argila) se constitui na natureza, afetada por esses mesmos produtos.
OBRAS MODERNISTAS E A BOTÂNICA: A CONSTRUÇÃO DE UMA BRASILIDADE E SUAS POSSIBILIDADES DE ENSINO DECOLONIAL
Authors: Vinícius dos Santos Moraes  , Anderson dos Santos Portugal
Published: May 2023

O ensino interdisciplinar de arte e botânica pode fazer a ponte para a construção da formação cidadã e científica. Desta forma, nosso objetivo é apresentar obras de artistas do modernismo brasileiro, em especial, participantes da Semana de Arte Moderna como mote para o ensino de etnobotânica decolonial em sala de aula. Mais do que uma breve exposição do histórico e de obras em ciência e arte, este trabalho traz o manifesto antropofágico como ferramenta para (re)pensar o ensino. Após análise de obras do modernismo brasileiro com referenciais botânicos, e com base nas 13 categorias cognitivas para a promoção da criatividade, selecionamos 3 espécies vegetais, abacaxi, cacto e café que serviram como integralizador etnobotânico, mostrando as potencialidades e riqueza das telas, literatura e arquitetura da semana de 22 e seu processo antropofágico frente a biodiversidade nacional. Sugerimos a utilização das ações artístico-educativas nacionais para construções de conhecimentos plurais, críticas e decoloniais na promoção de ciência e arte.
O PENSAMENTO COMPLEXO E A ARTE INDÍGENA CONTEMPORÂNEA: UMA LEITURA DA IMAGEM COM ENFOQUE CTS NO ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Elemar Kleber Favreto  , Josie Agatha Parrilha da Silva
Published: May 2023

O processo de ensino-aprendizagem na educação brasileira carece de maior relaçãocom a realidade, fomentando uma significação mais adequada pelo estudante. O enfoque CTSpode auxiliar neste processo, desenvolvendo novas relações e novos sentidos na áreaeducacional. O presente artigo tem por objetivo desenvolver uma reflexão sobre o ensino deciências a partir da leitura de imagens com enfoque CTS, visando uma religação de saberes(pensamento complexo), tomando como objeto de análise a arte indígena de Jaider Esbell. Paratanto, nos utilizamos de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, pautada na obra de Edgar Morin, comoreferencial teórico, e na proposta de análise de imagem com enfoque CTS, como referencialmetodológico. Este referencial teórico-metodológico nos permitiu tomar como objeto de estudoalguns trabalhos do artista plástico roraimense Jaider Esbell, que costumava retratar a culturaMakuxi, da qual fazia parte, e a realidade dos povos da Amazônia.
A PERCEPÇÃO DE UM GRUPO DE ALUNOS DO PROGRAMA DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA JÚNIOR SOBRE A FÍSICA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Authors: Renato Marcondes  , Silvio Luiz Rutz da Silva
Published: May 2023

Esta pesquisa teve como questão central “quais os tipos de relações que se desenvolvem no contexto do programa de Iniciação Científica Júnior (ICJ), de um ponto de vista dos próprios alunos, acerca da disciplina de física?”. E como objetivo “investigar a percepção de um grupo de alunos participantes de um programa de ICJ acerca da física, em uma universidade pública na cidade de Ponta Grossa – Paraná”. Sendo caracterizada enquanto um estudo de caso, de natureza empírica experimental qualitativa. Por meio de um Teste de Associação Livre de Palavras (TALP) e uma Entrevista por Pauta, coletou-se os dados analisados. Este artigo  é parte de uma pesquisa de mestrado mais ampla, cadastrada na Plataforma Brasil, sob o nº 01748918.5.0000.0105. Os principais resultados indicam quatro dimensões formadas por meio da TALP (crítico-reflexiva; física; desenvolvimentista e afetiva), e a entrevista por pautas aponta uma relação positiva, melhora do desempenho escolar e uma relação com o processo de escolha de um curso de nível superior. Concluindo que para este grupo de 05 alunos participantes do programa de ICJ, e neste contexto, a relação que se evidenciou foi positiva, principalmente por ser demonstrada por relatos dos próprios participantes. Indicando que a ICJ tem potencial de fomentar uma formação reflexiva, propondo soluções e ações para problemas da atualidade, além de um trabalho cooperativo e ativo.
FAKE NEWS COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: AVALIAÇÃO DE UMA SEQUÊNCIA DIDÁTICA
Authors: Daniella Maria Coelho de Britto  , Irene Cristina de Mello
Published: May 2023

A pandemia causou impacto em diversos setores da sociedade, dentre eles a educação, onde evidenciou-se diversos movimentos anticiência e o afloramento do fenômeno da pós-verdade. Considerando este contexto, este trabalho apresenta uma sequência didática (SD) que propõe o uso de Fake News como estratégia de ensino de Ciências na era da pós- verdade e verifica a interpretação e avaliação de três níveis da docência sobre ela. Par tanto, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso. Como resultados, observamos que os sujeitos entenderam que a SD se apresenta como uma atividade didático- pedagógica eficaz para se trabalhar de forma crítica a temática das Fake News. Ademais, a abordagem adotada na SD desenvolvida neste trabalho de potencial para auxiliar professores da área de Ciências, de modo a desenvolver habilidades como leitura e compreensão de textos.
PERDIDO EM MARTE: OS SENTIDOS DA FICÇÃO CONSTRUINDO POSSIBILIDADES PARA O ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS DA NATUREZA
Authors: Maciel Côrtes Lorenna , Alexandre Freixo Alessandra , Ferreira Barreto Katyuscya
Published: May 2023

O filme Perdido em Marte possui uma proposta de instigar curiosidades em torno da viagem a Marte, explorando tanto elementos que já são de propriedade científica, quanto os que despertam e impulsionam implicações para o imaginário social e científico, de modo a conceber novos horizontes em torno de teorias e hipóteses que ainda não foram comprovadas. Esse artigo tem como objetivo compreender os sentidos que o filme Perdido em Marte vem produzindo e suas possíveis implicações para o imaginário científico e o ensino de ciências naturais. Dessa forma, buscou-se refletir sobre as possibilidades a serem desenvolvidas pelo imaginário científico em torno das viagens espaciais a Marte, partindo do pressuposto que esse tipo de obra pode contextualizar e facilitar a discussão sobre a natureza da Ciência, principalmente no campo da Astronomia e sua relação com a tecnologia e a sociedade, objetivando contribuir para a educação científica de estudantes da educação básica.
O ALCANCE DA ASTROLOGIA NO ÂMBITO ACADÊMICO
Authors: Alessandra Daniela Buffon  , João Luís Dequi Araújo  , Milene Rodrigues Martins
Published: May 2023

O ensino da Astronomia tem sido pauta de discussões desde a década de 1970, atribuindo a ele diferentes graus de importância. Em contrapartida, pautas relacionadas a pseudociências como a Astrologia, tem estado cada vez mais presentes em centros universitários. Nessa perspectiva, este artigo tem como objetivo compreender como alunos de um curso de licenciatura em pedagogia, na modalidade de ensino à distância (EAD) de uma universidade privada do estado do Paraná, interpretam um teste da descrição de suas personalidades, a partir do efeito Forer. A pesquisa é de natureza quali-quantitativa e participaram da mesma 394 alunos devidamente matriculados na disciplina de metodologias para o Ensino de Ciências. Os resultados apontaram que a maioria dos alunos eram suscetíveis a manipulação da descrição de sua personalidade, confiando nos resultados, apesar dos mesmos serem vagos e generalistas. Conclui-se que mesmo com todo desenvolvimento crítico da sociedade nos dias atuais, a Astrologia ainda não foi desmitificada.
AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR DE BONINAL - BA E AÇÕES MOBILIZADORAS EM AMBIENTES VIRTUAIS PARA O ENFRENTAMENTO DA PANDEMIA DA COVID 19
Authors: Ceilla Mirian Paiva Santana  , Marjorie Cseko Nolasco
Published: May 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo construir junto às Associações de Agricultores Familiares de Boninal caminhos de enfrentamento aos desafios trazidos pela pandemia da covid 19. A pesquisa foi realizada no município de Boninal - BA, participaram da pesquisa dezoito associações de produtores rurais. A pesquisa fundamentou-se na abordagem qualitativa, para procurar identificar e compreender os processos dinâmicos vividos por grupos sociais de agricultores na Pandemia. O uso do ambiente virtual, demonstrou ser um instrumento de descobertas, debates, socializações e proposições de soluções, que ajudou os agricultores familiares a buscarem se adaptar à comunicação digital, para divulgação dos seus produtos.
Indium Doped ZnO Thin Film Using Spin Coating for TCO Application
Authors: Shariffudin Shafinaz Sobihana , Mohd Zaid Ahmad Hasif , Azhar Najwa Ezira Ahmed , Saad Puteri Sarah Mohamad , Hashim Hashimah , Mamat Mohamad Hafiz
Published: May 2023

Indium doped zinc oxide (IZO) thin films were fabricated on glass substrates by spin coating technique for transparent conducting oxide (TCO) application. Effect of different indium concentration on their properties were investigated. IZO thin films were deposited on glass substrate using sol-gel spin coating techniques using zinc acetate dihydrate, indium nitrate hydrate, absolute ethanol, and monoethanolamine (MEA). The concentration of indium was varied at 1, 3, 4, and 5 at.%. to study the characteristics of the IZO thin films in terms of structural, optical, and electrical, which is to achieve high visibility of IZO as transparent conducting oxide. The UV-Vis examination of IZO thin film observed that the highest transparency of thin films was IZO with indium concentration of 4% which shows a75.6%. The optical band gap were calculated using Tauc’s plot and was found to be in the range between 3.10 to 3.2 eV. For electrical properties, the lowest resistivity was observed for IZO thin film at 4% doping concentration with a value of 3.25 Ωcm, while the highest resistivity was observed at IZO thin film at 1% which is 15.26 Ωcm.
Utilization of Plastic Waste and Waste Rubber Tyres to Modify Bitumen Binder in Road Construction
Authors: Tladi Motlatso , Mashifana Tebogo , Sithole Nastassia Thandiwe
Published: May 2023

In line with the recent environmental concerns due to waste, researchers focus has been shifted to finding ways of recycling the waste in a most sustainable way. Accumulation of plastic waste, and rubber tyres in the environment is a concern and a threat to the environment. The current waste management has raised public awareness to look for new technologies for handling waste and an alternative to the current disposal technique. Some of the challenges encountered with the current waste management such as recycling, includes contamination of recycling streams, inability to meet recycling demand and the quality of the recycled plastics. One of the disadvantages of recycling is that it produces wastewater and air pollutants. Since recycling degrades the plastic integrity, most recyclable plastic waste is only suitable after one round of recycling, which ultimately leaves most recyclable plastic in the landfills, environment, and oceans. In addition to landfilling (waste management) and waste disposal, waste tires are also a worldwide problem. The current waste management method for waste tires is through incineration, whereby waste tires disposed and piled up in landfills, are treated through incineration. However, this process was found to be releasing enormous emissions, such as hydrocarbons and halogen-chlorinated compounds (chlorinated methanes, dioxins, and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs)). This also produces the pyrolytic oils that contains heavy metals and toxic chemicals, which have a potential of causing severe health effects. Moreover, exhausts from incineration of waste tires are far more mutagenic compared to coal-fires plants emissions . The study investigated the potential of modifying the bitumen binder with plastic (Polyethylene Terephthalate) and tyre wastes. In bitumen-rubber tyre modified binder, increasing the rubber tyre percentage above 5% in the binder, resulted in low ductility, due to the elasticity property of rubber, for both 5.5% and 6% bitumen. For the Bitumen-plastic modified binder, the softening point and ductility had a direct proportionality relationship. As the plastic percentage in the total weight of the binder increased, so did the ductility and the softening point, due to the plasticity property of the plastic that enabled the mixture to be homogenous.
Evolution of Interface State Density and Near Interface Oxide Traps under Controlled Nitric Oxide Annealing in SiO2/SiC Lateral MOSFETs
Authors: Fiorenza Patrick , Camalleri Marco , Scalia Laura , Zanetti Edoardo , Saggio Mario , Giannazzo Filippo , Roccaforte Fabrizio
Published: May 2023

In this paper, the effect of different post oxide deposition nitridation processes in NO on n-channel lateral MOSFETs fabricated on implanted 4H-SiC were investigated. In particular, the electrical behavior of the MOSFETs was deeply investigated not only in terms of SiO2/SiC interface state density and field effect mobility, but also considering the threshold voltage stability effect. The aim of this work was to explore to which extent post oxide deposition annealing in NO is beneficial for the MOS interface behavior and when their detrimental effects start to become predominant on the device performances. Here, the separation of the trapping states at the interface – either close to the conduction and valence band edges – and the near interface oxide traps are reported for the different duration of the post oxide deposition annealing. In fact, cyclic gate bias stress was employed in order to analyze the behavior of the trapping states and to correlate them with the variation of the benefits in terms of the channel mobility (that saturates at about 80 cm2V-1s-1), and on the threshold voltage instability effect. In particular, prolonged PDAs may induce an increase of the amount of trapping states close to the valence band edge and inside the insulator of about 20% and 50 %, respectively.
Numerical Modeling of the Capsular Ligament Failure for the C2-C3 Segment in the Case of a Frontal Impact
Authors: Damba Nadhir , Aour Benaoumeur , Oudrane Abdellatif , Sidamar Lamsadfa
Published: May 2023

The cervical spine is a complex anatomical structure that mainly stabilizes the head and protects the spinal cord. Injuries of the cervical spine often occur during falls or road accidents and are particularly serious since they generate strong threats of paralysis and death. It should be noted that the ligaments provide cervical stability but their stabilization in case of injury is not yet well investigated. In this context, the objective of the present work is to study the failure of the ligaments by developing a bio-faithful numerical model while using a more realistic geometry of the spinal components and behavior laws that take into account the effect of strain rate and motion amplitudes. In order to validate the results of the study, we conducted a comparison with previous literature studies. It has been found that damage is often supported by intervertebral discs, anterior longitudinal ligaments (ALL) and capsular ligaments (CL) in the case of frontal impact. Indeed, the highest stresses are concentrated in the annulus fibrosus and the capsular ligaments. In this study, we tested the effect of ligament tears on disc behavior, where it was found that the stress rate increased by approximately 6%. The effect of capsular ligament tear orientation was also examined. The obtained results show that the most dangerous inclination was downward at an angle of 45°.
Effect of Termination Region on Unclamped Inductive Switching Failure for 4H-SiC VDMOS
Authors: Liu Shao Yu , Cheng Xin Hong , Zheng Li , Feng Jun Hong , Yu Yue Hui
Published: May 2023

The effect of the termination structure on the unclamped inductive switching (UIS) failure is analyzed for two kinds of SiC MOSFET, where S-MOS and G-MOS termination structure are adopted. The MOSFETs are named as S-MOS and G-MOS according to the buses connecting with different electrodes in the termination region. The experimental results indicate that the avalanche energy G-MOS can withstand is 1.15 times larger than that of S-MOS. To understand what are the factors that lead to different UIS capabilities, further static measurements and hotpot mapping after UIS test are done, and technology computer aided design (TCAD) simulation also is done to further confirm the principle.
Charge State Control over Point Defects in Sic Devices
Authors: Bathen Marianne Etzelmüller , Selnesaunet Gard M. , Enga Marius Johan , Kjeldby Snorre B. , Müting Johanna , Vines Lasse , Grossner Ulrike
Published: May 2023

Point defects in silicon carbide (SiC) are well positioned for integration with SiC based quantum photonic devices due to the maturity of SiC material and fabrication technology, the plethora of candidate quantum emitters that can be formed in SiC, and the potential for emission over a wide spectral range from the visible to the infrared. However, for each of the available color centers in SiC, only one of the charge states has displayed quantum emission, meaning that the emission strongly depends on the Fermi level and hence the doping concentration in the material. In this contribution, we discuss the methodology and mechanism for electrical charge-state control over point defects in SiC devices.
Study of Defects in 4H-SiC Epitaxy at Various Buffer Layer Growth Conditions
Authors: Rana Tawhid , Wu Jun , Chung Gil , Moeggenborg Kevin , Gave Matthew
Published: May 2023

Buffer layer optimization is a critical technique to mitigate defect propagation from substrate to epilayer, reduce stress, and prevent generation of ingrown defects. In the present study, the impact of dopant transition from substrate to the buffer layer on various epilayer defects was investigated. It was found that a ramped transition of the dopant concentration from substrate to buffer layer is beneficial for reduction of basal plane dislocations in the epilayer compared to an abrupt doping transition. This reduction of defects can be attributed to reduced stress at the substrate-to-buffer layer transition. Tests on buffer layer growth rates also revealed that higher growth rates reduce BPDs (basal plane dislocations) in the epilayers. We believe that BPD conversion in epilayers grown at higher growth rates is energetically more favorable than the conversion at slower growth rates resulting in the observed reduced BPDs at higher growth rates.
The Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Gypsum Board Manufactured from Water Hyacinth and Coconut Fiber
Authors: Nachaisit Prin , Ketchat Niwat , Hankhuntod Pilin , Krittacom Bundit
Published: May 2023

This article's purpose was to investigate the mechanical properties and morphological characteristics of gypsum boards. At dosages of 50:100, 75:75, and 100:50 by mass, gypsum plaster (GP) Type 1 was substituted with coconut fiber (CF) and water hyacinth fiber (WHF). While the mechanical qualities of the gypsum board were standard on the TIS 219-2552, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to notice their morphological characteristics. The ASTM C518 standard was used to measure the thermal conductivity (k). Referring to test results, the morphological characteristics of the GP incorporating CF and WHF showed rather roughness, clearly separated both fibers from the plaster surface. Gypsum board voids were reduced compared to WHF. As the void size increased, the thermal conductivity of gypsum boards combined with CF and WHF tended to decrease. Eventually, the bending forces (FL) and water absorption (AW) of the gypsum board with CF mixed WHF were found to be deficient for compliancy with the TIS 219-2552 standard.
Development and Characterization of Nanovesicles Containing Phenolic Compounds of Carissa spinarum: Encapsulation, Release Kinetics, Antimicrobial Activity and Mathematical Modeling
Authors: Rubaka Clarence , Gathirwa Jeremiah Waweru , Malebo Hamisi M. , Swai Hulda , Hilonga Askwar
Published: May 2023

The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a delivery system for polyphenols from an extract of Carissa spinarum leaves, based on liposomes. Liposomes loaded with Carissa spinarum polyphenols (nanoliposomal CsP) were prepared by ethanol-solvent injection method and characterized in terms of zeta potential, size, and polydipersity index by using Zeta sizer and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum analysis. Total Phenolic content was measured by using Folin-Ciocalteu method and entrapment efficiency was evaluated. The release behavior was conducted in Phosphate Buffer Saline (PBS) solution at pH, 7.4 and Kinetic model fitted to evaluate mechanism of release. Disc diffusion sensitivity test was used to evaluate antimicrobial activity of free extract and nanoliposomal CsP. The mean diameter of nanoliposomal CsP was 181 ± 1.02 nm and had 0.345 ± 0.014 polydipersity index. Zeta potential value for nanoliposomal CsP was-45.6 ± 8.84 mV. Entrapment efficiency under the optimum conditions was 66.11 ± 1.11%. and the nanoliposomal CsP was stable over 30 days. The antibacterial activity of nanoliposomal CsP exhibited inhibition zone diameter of 14.33 ± 1.53 mm and 12.00 ± 1.23 mm against S. aureus and E. coli respectively The results reveal the Carrisa spinarum liposome can be applied as potential carrier for delivery of polyphenols to improves therapeutic action against bacterial strain.
Temperature Dependence of Electrical Characteristics of ZnO Nanowire Field-Effect Transistors with AZO and Aluminium Source/Drain Contact
Authors: Ghazali Nor Azlin , Packeer Mohamed Mohamed Fauzi , Jalaludin Khan Muhammad Firdaus Akbar , Chong Harold
Published: May 2023

In this study, ZnO nanowire field-effect transistor (FET) with an aluminium-doped ZnO (AZO) and an aluminium (Al) dual layer source and drain contact are fabricated and temperature dependent characteristics in the range of 200 – 300 K are analyzed through experimental measurements. The effect of temperature on threshold voltage, subthreshold slope, transconductance, and field effect mobility are analysed. The transfer curve exhibits a parallel shift toward a negative gate voltage direction with a negative shift of the threshold voltage, an increase in the subthreshold slope, and a field-effect mobility as the temperature rises. The electrical properties of the transistors demonstrate typical behaviour at various temperatures.
Effects of Dual Moderate-Temperature-Grown AIN Interlayers on Structural and Optical Properties of Semipolar (1122) AIN Film
Authors: Luo Xu Guang , Zhang Xiong , Fang Rui Ting , Cui Jia , Cui Yi Ping
Published: May 2023

High quality semipolar (1122) AlN films have been grown on (1010) m-plane sapphire substrates with the help of dual moderate-temperature-grown (MTG) AlN interlayers by using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition technology. The layer thickness of the semipolar (1122) AlN film was determined by employing relative optical transmittance spectrum measured with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The effect of the insertion of 80 nm-thick MTG AlN interlayer on structural and optical properties was investigated in detail based on the characterization results of the atomic force microscopy, high-resolution X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. Comparing with the semipolar (1122) AlN film grown without the MTG AlN interlayer, both the surface morphology and crystalline quality of the semipolar (1122) AlN film grown with the insertion of dual 80 nm-thick MTG AlN interlayers have been improved significantly. In fact, the root mean square value of the surface roughness decreased from 3.5 to 1.4 nm, and the full width at half maximum value of X-ray rocking curve decreased from 1667 to 1174 arcsec, respectively. These facts reveal that the insertion of the dual MTG AlN interlayers is a powerful method to improve the surface morphology and crystalline quality of the semipolar (1122) AlN films owing to the formation of nanoscale patterned substrate-like structure and its blocking effect on the propagation of the dislocations.
Full Factorial Design Analysis of the Facile Synthesis of Organo-Conjugated Carbon Quantum Dots from Glycerol
Authors: Cruz Roland Andrew T.
Published: May 2023

Recent findings on the production of quantum dots from various carbon sources shed light on their advantages such as sustainability, low toxicity and cost, and one-step synthesis over their heavy-metal counterpart. This paper focused on developing and analyzing the production of carbon quantum dots from glycerol via hydrothermal carbonization and conjugated with Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA). A 23 full factorial experimental design was applied considering factors: the compositional ratio of TEPA (A), time of exposure (B), and temperature of reaction (C). Statistical analyses revealed experimental factors A and B; and interactions of AB and AC had statistically significant effects on the response variable, quantum yield (QY). Factor C as the main effect was not significant but was included in the statistical model to maintain hierarchy and integrity. Coded and actual statistical models were presented here.
Definitions of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbation: A Modified Delphi Survey
Authors: Park Yong Bum , Lee Jin Hwa , Ra Seung Won , Park Hye Yun , Jung Ji Ye , Kang Young Ae , Rhee Chin Kook , Kim Deog Kyeom , Yoo Kwang Ha , Hwang Yong Il , Lim Seong Yong , Lee Jae Seung , Jo Kyung-Wook , Oh Yeon-Mok
Published: May 2023

Background: The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) update 2023 proposed new definitions of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and COPD exacerbation. However, an agreement on the definitions has not been made, either internationally or domestically. This study aimed to reach an agreement between experts on the new definitions of COPD and COPD exacerbation in South Korea.Methods: A modified Delphi method was used to make an agreement on the definitions of COPD and COPD exacerbation proposed by the GOLD update 2023. We performed two rounds of the survey including 15 Korean experts on COPD, asthma, and tuberculosis.Results: More than two-thirds of the experts agreed on 12 of the 13 statements related to the definitions of COPD and COPD exacerbation in the two rounds of the survey. The experts agreed on the definitions of COPD and COPD exacerbation that should be revised in line with the definitions proposed by the GOLD update 2023. However, the experts showed an uncertain opinion on the statement that the definition of COPD includes patients with persistent airflow obstruction due to bronchiectasis.Conclusion: Based on this Delphi survey, experts’ agreement was made on the definitions of COPD and COPD exacerbation proposed by the GOLD update 2023.
Summary of Korean Asthma Guideline
Authors: Rhee Chin Kook , Moon Ji‑Yong , Joo Hyonsoo , Jung Ji Ye , Lee Jung-Kyu , Min Kyung Hoon , Koo Hyeon-Kyoung , Lim Seong Yong , Yoon Hyoung Kyu , Lee Sang Yeub ,   on Behalf of the Korean Asthma Study Group in The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases (KATRD)
Published: May 2023

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that is characterized by variable airflow obstruction. The Korean Asthma Study Group of the Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases has recently updated the Korean Asthma Guideline. This review summarizes the updated Korean Asthma Guideline. Asthma prevalence is increasing worldwide, and in Korea. Variable airflow obstruction can be confirmed by bronchodilator response or other tests, and should be established prior to the controller medication. A low-dose inhaled corticosteroid-formoterol is used to alleviate symptoms in all treatment step, and it can be used as a controller as well as reliever in steps 3–5. This approach is preferred, because it reduces the risk of severe exacerbations, compared to the use of short-acting β2-agonist as reliever. In severe asthma, phenotype/endotype based on the underlying inflammation should be evaluated. For type 2 severe asthma, the biologics should be considered.
Faunal richness and checklist of sandflies (Diptera
Authors: Shah Harish Kumar , Fathima P A , Kumar N Pradeep , Kumar Ashwani , Saini Prasanta
Published: May 2023

This review aims to fill the voids and to update the checklist of sandfly fauna along with its spatial distribution in India. Resource databases i.e. either online or offline were searched to deduce the information to systematize the Indian sandfly fauna. Articles/data retrieved were screened and analysed to further update the available latest checklist. The species name and authorship were given in accord with the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature. We compiled an updated checklist of reported Indian sandfly species along with their state-wise distribution till 2022 as per published literature. Kerala has maximum number of species reports when compared to other endemic states and states with pockets of transmission. Phlebotomus argentipes is the most widely distributed, recorded so far, followed by other Sergentomiya and Phlebotomus species in India. In this review, we have also described the vector and non-vector species of sandfly prevalent in different parts of the country. Phlebotoiella eoindianensis, an amber fossil sandfly species recorded from Gujarat might be older than other records of Indian sandfly fauna. So far 69 species (4 genera and 15 subgenera/groups) of Phlebotomine sandflies have been recorded in India. Proper knowledge of species diversity and its distribution is a prerequisite for planning a systematic vector control strategy and disease management.
Autoimmune complications and clinical outcomes of herpes simplex encephalitis in children
Authors: Ozcora Gül Demet Kaya , Söbü Elif , Şahin Türkan Uygur , Salı Enes , Bektaş Gonca
Published: May 2023

Objective:

To report the neurologic prognosis and autoimmune complications of 16 cases of childhood herpes simplex virus encephalitis.

Methods:

The study was conducted at Şanlıurfa Training and Research Hospital, Turkey from June 2017 to August 2019. The study included 16 pediatric patients aged between 6 months and 17 years (median age 77.7 months) who were diagnosed with herpes simplex virus type 1 encephalitis by pediatric infectious disease and pediatric neurology clinics. Patients were followed using patient records, and interviews at the pediatric neurology clinic or via the telephone. Clinical and demographic data, received therapies, neurologic prognosis and complications were evaluated.

Results:

Patients with and without autoimmune encephalitis were compared in terms of age, sex, symptom duration before treatment, initial cerebrospinal fluid protein, glucose, red blood count and white blood count but no significant difference was found. Autoimmune complications were seen in four patients. N-methyl-D-aspartate encephalitis was observed in three patients and choreoathetosis was seen in one patient. The average follow-up period was 48.3 months. Twenty-five percent of the patients were receiving multiple antiepileptic drug (AED) treatment, 43.8% were receiving single AED treatment and 31.3% were not receiving AED treatment at the end of the follow-up. Motor disability was observed in 12.5% and drug-resistant epilepsy was observed in 6.3% who had autoimmune complications.

Conclusions:

Seizures and movement disorders were controlled with immunotherapy and autoantibodies should be studied routinely. Treatment should be started early upon recognition of autoimmune complications through follow-up by measuring autoantibody levels and clinical examination results. Effective prevention and curative treatment modalities are needed to avoid herpes simplex virus encephalitis complications.
Disseminated Lymphocytoma Cutis in a Patient with B-cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Parmar Dharmesh , Tandel Jinal , Polra Rutoo , Patel Jalpa , Nair Pragya Ashok
Published: May 2023

Lymphocytoma cutis (LC) is one of the pseudolymphomas. It clinically and histopathologically resembles to cutaneous lymphomas due to the accumulation of lymphocytes. LC can be solitary characterized by only one nodule or disseminated, presenting as extensive lesions. It presents with soft and doughy or firm nodules, skin color, reddish brown, or reddish purple mainly on exposed area, such as the face. It has to be differentiated from Jessner’s lymphocytic infiltrate of skin by histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. Apart from treatment, follow-up of patients is crucial, as the condition can evolve into cutaneous lymphoma. We present a case of 54-year-old male, with lesions over the face, trunk, and both extremities diagnosed with disseminated LC.
Brain metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma- single center experience
Authors: Rahatli Samed , Oguz Arzu , Abduyev Zohrab , Altundag Ozden
Published: May 2023

Background:

Although the most common intracranial neoplasm in the adult population is metastatic tumors, brain metastasis from hepatocellular carcnoma (HCC) are very rare. The aim of this study is to analyze patients with advanced HCC, in order to determine the incidence of brain metastasis and evaluate the clinicopathologic properties.

Methods:

The records of HCC patients treated in our university between 2011 and 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Patient characteristics, symptoms, laboratory data, treatment modalities, and survival after both the diagnosis of HCC and detection of brain metastasis were recorded.

Results:

Of the 119 hepatocellular carcinoma patients, 34 had metastasis, 8 of which were to the brain. The median time elapsed between the diagnosis of HCC and brain metastasis was 14.6 months and the median overall survival after the detection of brain metastasis was 1.6 months. In 34 patients with metastasis, median survival was 26.2 months for those without brain metastasis, whereas it was 15.8 months for those with brain metastasis (P = 0.460). The survival times after brain metastasis were 11.6 and 3.9 months for the two patients treated with regorafenib and sorafenib after the detection of brain metastasis, respectively.

Conclusion:

In this study, it was found that patients who were clinically eligible to receive tyrosine kinase inhibitors survived longer after the detection of brain metastasis. Our study shows that multidisciplinary evaluation of these patients is vital for treatment guidance, and survival outcomes can be improved with the advancements in surgical and radiotherapy techniques even in patients with poor prognosis.
Parents’ Caring Approach for Their Children Suffering from Pneumonia—A Study among Bhil Tribes of Maharashtra
Authors: Kulkarni Prashant S. , Kurane Anjali D.
Published: May 2023

Context:

In India, pneumonia deaths in the past decade show a decreasing trend in the child mortality rate from 74.6 to 45.4. However, NFHS-5 records an increase in prevalence to 2.8% from 2.7% in NFHS-4. The childhood pneumonia control strategies focus on strengthening the health system, skill-building health workers, counseling, and creating awareness about promoting healthy behaviors regarding the management of sick children.

Aims:

The study attempts to understand “caregivers” care-seeking behavior and the management of childhood pneumonia.

Setting and Design:

The study was conducted in the Akkalkuwa block of Nandurbar district, Maharashtra, India. We used episodic interviews, asking caregivers to recollect specific events linked to the need for treatment.

Methods and Material:

A total of 11 in-depth interviews of mothers were conducted whose under-five children had pneumonia in the past year. These interviews used vignettes from real pneumonia cases to discuss community priorities for health care and actions taken to improve child’s health. In addition, the qualitative data from the in-depth interviews were thematically analyzed.

Result:

Cough, breathlessness, and disturbance in the routine schedule of the child were the major symptoms to identify pneumonia (vavlya) among children. Branding on the stomach, oil massage, and jadi-buti were commonly observed phenomena to seek help. Low priority, the influence of traditional healers and herbal medicines, and the inaccessibility of quality healthcare services were the main factors that led to the child’s treatment.

Conclusion:

Culturally appropriate activities are to be imparted on recognition of symptoms and appropriate care seeking, and community health workers need capacity building.
Simultaneous linearization of diffeomorphisms of isotropic manifolds
Authors: DeWitt Jonathan
Published: May 2023

Suppose that

M

is a closed isotropic Riemannian manifold and that

R_1,\dots ,R_m

generate the isometry group of

M

. Let

f_1,\dots ,f_m

be smooth perturbations of these isometries. We show that the

f_i

are simultaneously conjugate to isometries if and only if their associated uniform Bernoulli random walk has all Lyapunov exponents zero. This extends a linearization result of Dolgopyat and Krikorian [Duke Math. J. {136}, 475–505 (2007)] from

S^n

to real, complex, and quaternionic projective spaces. In addition, we identify and remedy an oversight in that earlier work.
Facial Expression Recognition Based on Well-Known ConvNet Architectures
Authors: Alrimy Taima , Alloqmani Ahad , Alotaibi Abrar , Aljohani Nada , Kammoun Salma
Published: May 2023

The Convolution Neural Network (CNN) is the most widely used deep learning architecture as it has broken most world records for recognition tasks. Facial Expression Recognition (FER) systems that use classical feature-based techniques, especially CNN’s, is best for classifying images. This paper used three CNN-based methods, which are VGG-16, Inception-v3, and Resnet50-V2 network architectures, to classify facial expressions into seven classes of emotions: happy, angry, neutral, sad, disgust, fear, and surprise. The face expression dataset from Kaggle and JAFFE dataset were used to compare the accuracy between the three architectures to find the pretrained network that best classifies models. The results showed that VGG-16 network architecture produced a higher accuracy (93% in JAFFE and 54% in Kaggle) than the other architectures.
Effect of the Thermal Mean Stress Value on the Vibration Fatigue
Assessment of the Exhaust System of a Motorcycle Engine
Authors: Barbieri Saverio Giulio , Mangeruga Valerio , Giacopini Matteo , Callegari Marco Severino , Bagnoli Leonardo
Published: May 2023

The exhaust manifold of a high-performance motorcycle engine is subjected to
combined thermal and vibrational loadings. In this research, the whole fatigue
assessment of an exhaust manifold is addressed. First, a classic low-cycle
fatigue analysis is performed. Then, a specific methodology for determining the
fatigue cycle of components subjected to thermal and vibration loadings is
developed and presented in a way that possible damages can be evaluated. The
results are post-processed and the damage caused by fatigue cycles is computed
referring to the Wöhler curve of the material using the Dirlik approach.
“A Sort of Arcadian Country”: Plant-Life in Some Early South African Travelogues
Authors: Wylie Dan
Published: May 2023

Various branches of current ecocriticism are exploring ways of dismantling or at least diminishing dominant anthropocentric ways of evaluating the  relationships among humans, the non-human world, and the literary imagination. Critical Animal Studies, Critical Plant Studies, and multispecies ecocriticism endeavour to re-evaluate the roles, even agency, of non-human life, as represented in literary works. This article unpacks the depiction of plants in three early South African travelogues (1795–1836), illuminating the sources of some enduring assumptions and iconic imageries in our relations  with the natural world.
Status of some biochemical markers in Sprague dawley rats following sub-chronic consumption of alum- treated water
Authors: Egoro E.T.
Published: May 2023

Alum is a double salt of aluminum and potassium sulfates. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of some biochemical markers in Sprague-dawley rats following sub-chronic consumption of alum- treated water. It consisted of 21 rats of 3–4 months old weighing roughly 122 ± 0.5 g. They were divided into three groups at random with 7 rats / group. The control group received 15 ml of distilled water daily for 30 days, while experimental groups one and two received 15ml of 0.04% concentration of alumtreated water for 15 days daily and 30 days respectively. Following this, 5 ml of  blood specimen was withdrawn via cardiac puncture and introduced into corresponding lithium heparin anti-coagulated bottles. These specimens were spun at 1,500 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes using an 800 D macro centrifuge to extract the plasma that were utilized for the measurement of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (colorimetric method), urea (urease Berthelot method), creatinine (Jaffe reaction method) and C-reactive protein (Latex turbidimetry method). Using SPSS 23.0 to perform statistical analysis on the study's findings, it was discovered that there were no significant differences between the experimental group one and the control group for all the measured biochemical parameters (p>0.05). However, in comparison to the control group, the results of the experimental group two revealed significant elevations (p<0.05) in revealed significant elevations (p<0.05) in plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and C-reactive protein. It is concluded that the plasma concentrations of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and C-reactive protein may be altered in Sprague-dawley rats following consumption of 15 ml of 0.04% concentration of alum- treated water for 30 days. Thus, it is recommended that this study in a well guided manner be carried out in humans to ascertain if the findings will be consistent.
Indigenous Australia and the pre-legal society in HLA Hart’s The Concept of Law
Authors: Anderssen Diana
Published: May 2023

The continuing existence and operation of the traditional law of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples has – relatively recently – been explicitly acknowledged in Australian law. In emerging case law on the subject, the High Court of Australia has confirmed the common law recognition of the survival of Indigenous Australian law. However, in determining what it is that is recognized by the common law – in interpreting Indigenous Australian ‘traditional laws and customs’ – the High Court has disregarded the knowledge reposed in those with authority or expertise in Indigenous Australian law, relying instead upon concepts and assumptions from the jurisprudence of English legal philosopher, HLA Hart. The influence of Hart’s theory in the Australian High Court’s interpretation of Indigenous Australian ‘traditional laws and customs’ is problematic, because it contains an obvious pre-legal–legal dualism reminiscent of the ‘state of nature’ – ‘civil society’ mechanism that was instrumental in the application of terra nullius to Australia. At the heart of The Concept of Law lies the notion of progression from a ‘primitive community’ with only primary rules, to an advanced legal system with a combination of both primary and secondary rules. In this article, I investigate how Indigenous Australians are positioned in relation to Hart’s pre-legal–legal dualism. I examine the ‘primitive’, pre-legal society in The Concept of Law, and its counterpart, the advanced legal system, to analyze the position of Indigenous Australian societies and law in Hart’s scheme. Finally, I analyze the construction of the dualism and consider its impact on the High Court’s interpretation of Indigenous Australian ‘traditional laws and customs’.
Religiosity to green purchase under emotional and greenwashing factors
Authors: Huong Nguyen Phan Quynh , Tri Ha Minh
Published: May 2023

The advancement of the economy has negatively affected the environment. Green products/services were made as solutions to the problem. Even though there is much research on influential factors to green consumption, the relationship between religiosity to green purchases is scattered and contains many gaps. Therefore, a theoretical model was developed to study the relationship of two dimensions of religiosity to green purchases under the effect of gratitude and greenwashing factor. Theoretical and practical contributions were the concern within this research paper. First, three new theoretical ideas included in the research paper were introduced for the academic community to explore as there have not been any previous studies that research these ideas. Second, as the event of Corona pandemic played an important alert in humans to raising their awareness of protecting the environment, this research paper will help Marketers and Policymakers to imply the results and benefit their businesses, and their countries accordingly. A sample of 483 respondents was collected by convenient and snowball sampling method through a questionnaire-based survey from big cities of Vietnam. Through the PLS-SEM analysis method, the results reveal some findings. First, people with inner religious tendencies can take action to purchase green products/services more easily than those with outer tendency. Second, the gratitude factor does not moderate the relationship between green purchase intention and green purchase behavior. Third, the greenwashing factor does not moderate the relationship between the two dimensions of religiosity and green purchase behavior.
The Relationship Between Family Planning Attitude and, Fear of COVID-19 and Perceived Risk of COVID-19 among in Women of Reproductive Age During the Pandemic Process
Authors: TAMADDON Mahsa , ÖZDEMİR Serpil
Published: May 2023

Objective: There were interruptions in the maintenance and access to family planning services globally during the pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Family Planning attitude and the fear and the perceived risk of COVID-19 in women of reproductive age during the pandemic process.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted face-to-face with 423 women in a training and research hospital between 01 and 14 December 2021. Data was collected with “Personal Information Form, Attitude towards Family Planning Scale, Fear COVID-19 Scale and COVID-19 Perceived Risk Scale”.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.75±7.56. During the pandemic period, 5.4% of the participants stated that they had experienced unplanned pregnancy and 5.7% experienced miscarriage. There was found a statistically significant negative and weak correlation (r=-0.143; p=0.003) between the Participants' Attitudes Towards Family Planning Methods subscale total score and the Fear COVID-19 Scale total score. It was detected that a statistically significant negative correlation between the total score of the Attitudes Towards Family Planning Scale total score and the COVID-19 Perceived Risk Scale Emotional subscale total score (r=-0.131; p=0.007).
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it is thought that there is an unmet need for family planning during the pandemic process, considering that women experience unwanted pregnancy and miscarriage during the pandemic process, and coitus interruptus is the most frequently used in this period.