bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biotechnologies et prévention des maladies animales
Authors: Parodi André-Laurent
Published: December 2017

Depuis des décennies, la prévention des maladies infectieuses repose soit sur la prophylaxie sanitaire, soit sur la prophylaxie médicale. Cette dernière utilise des vaccins vivants atténués ou inertes et des vaccins tués.

L’avènement des méthodes de la biotechnologie a considérablement contribué à améliorer les méthodes d’obtention de certains vaccins. Le génie génétique, par manipulation du génome de l’agent infectieux, a abouti à des vaccins dits recombinants ou délétés, plus sûrs, permettant parfois une distinction entre animaux infectés et animaux vaccinés. En outre, ces organismes recombinants sont producteurs de fractions immunisantes, protéines recombinantes et vaccins sous-unitaires. Enfin, avec la transgénèse, une véritable prophylaxie génétique peut désormais être envisagée.

Il serait cependant excessivement réducteur de limiter les avancées permises par les biotechnologies à ces seules méthodes de préparations. Les biotechnologies ont contribué et contribuent largement à une meilleure compréhension de cette composante essentielle de la vaccination qu’est la réponse immunitaire.
Répercussions des techniques actuelles en production animale sur les qualités nutritives, hygiéniques et gastronomiques des aliments
Authors: Ferrando Raymond
Published: December 2017

L’augmentation des populations urbaines en même temps qu’un certain abandon des campagnes obligent à utiliser de nouvelles modalités d’élevage. Celles-ci, loin de modifier les aliments d’origine animale, tendent à améliorer leur teneur en éléments nutritifs. Le problème des résidus des adjuvants de l’alimentation est examiné. Les faits démontrent que, étant donné la sévérité de la réglementation, leurs traces infimes sont dénuées de toutes influences nocives. Quant à la qualité gastronomique elle est toujours complexe à définir. De nombreux facteurs peuvent la modifier, de l’élevage à l’assiette du consommateur, sans oublier les allégations plus ou moins objectives des médias. Dans l’ensemble cette qualité demeure.
Memory and technology
Authors: Niglio Olimpia
Published: December 2017

The concept of "memory" has different meanings when analyzed within specific cultural contexts. In general, the memory expresses the ability of man to keep track of events, information, sensations, ideas, experiences, and recall this consciousness as soon as certain motivations make necessary the contribution of past experience.
Sistemas de recuperação da informação e o conceito de relevância nos mecanismos de busca: semântica e significação
Authors: Monteiro Silvana Drumond , Fernandes Rogério Paulo Muller , DeCarli Gian Carlo , Trevisan Gustavo Lunardelli
Published: December 2017

As concepções dos Sistemas de Recuperação da Informação são retomadas para contextualizar tanto os atuais mecanismos de busca, considerados Sistemas Digitais ou de Significação, quanto a questão da relevância.  A partir de uma pesquisa documental, de uma revisão de literatura e da compreensão dos resultados de uma interface de busca, discute-se, a partir do algoritmo de busca e do Knowledge Graph do Google, a correlação entre otimização semântica e a relevância. A ligação entre a noção de Semântica com o conceito de relevância, nos mecanismos de busca, pode ser estabelecida entre a relação do significado e a informação e, dessa maneira, a relevância é uma propriedade da informação.
A teoria de Deus e o desafio do niilismo: Hans Jonas a propósito de Nietzsche
Authors: Oliveira Jelson Roberto
Published: December 2017

Pretende-se, nesse artigo, analisar a interpretação de Hans Jonas do aforismo 125 de A Gaia Ciência, de Nietzsche, tal como ela se apresenta na reflexão desenvolvida nas aulas ministradas por Jonas no Carleton College, de Ottawa, no semestre de inverno de 1952-1953 e guardadas nas anotações (inéditas) intituladas The theory of God, conservadas no Philosophisches Archiv de Hans Jonas, na Universität Konstanz. Para tanto, partimos da análise jonasiana do medo do desconhecido como elemento central nas filosofias de Epicuro e, especialmente, Pascal, para mostrar como Nietzsche aprofunda a reflexão iniciada pelo filósofo de Port-Royal, a fim de demostrar como a intensificação do medo e do sentimento de solidão se apresentariam como possibilidade de enfrentamento do niilismo. Do ponto de vista dos interesses próprios de Jonas, não só estaríamos diante de uma teoria sobre Deus, em sentido estrito, mas de uma reflexão sobre a tecnologia como “vontade de ilimitado poder”, ou seja, como exercício do homem que, sozinho e sem Deus, busca o domínio sobre o mundo.
A abordagem ético-metafísica da "simpatia" em Schopenhauer: entre Hume e Plotino
Authors: Da Silva Luan Corrêa
Published: December 2017

Este artigo pretende estabelecer as bases para a compreensão da “simpatia” na filosofia de Arthur Schopenhauer. Em um trecho não desenvolvido, Schopenhauer define o conceito da simpatia como a irrupção empírica a irrupção empírica da identidade metafísica da vontade através da pluralidade física de suas aparências, que evidencia uma conexão completamente distinta da conhecida através do princípio de razão. Ao caracterizar a simpatia, Schopenhauer parece indicar tanto uma concepção da simpatia a partir do sentimento moral, quanto uma concepção cosmológico-metafísica desse conceito. Seguindo-se a pista deixada pelo filósofo da vontade, essas concepções parecem encontrar um esclarecimento adequado nos pensamentos de Hume e Plotino. Ambos desenvolvem, cada qual ao seu modo, duas concepções próprias acerca da simpatia, que auxiliam e enriquecem a abordagem de Schopenhauer. Enquanto de Hume extrai-se a concepção da comunicação de sentimentos e afetos, Plotino desenvolve uma concepção da simpatia a partir da unidade primordial do cosmo.
Vaticínios sobre o Golpe de 1964 no pensamento social e político brasileiro
Authors: Shiota Ricardo Ramos
Published: December 2017

Foi o golpe de Estado de 1964 uma surpresa para os pensadores políticos das esquerdas? Com base na história das ideias, este artigo pretende demonstrar que diversos intelectuais, na conjuntura que levou ao golpe contra o governo de João Goulart, levantaram hipóteses e fizeram vaticínios a respeito da possibilidade de um golpe das classes dominantes, associadas ou não à caserna, o qual viria a impedir o avanço da conquista de direitos sociais e fechar o jogo político democrático no Brasil.
As visões de San Tiago Dantas e de Roberto Mangabeira Unger acerca da inserção brasileira nas relações exteriores
Authors: Serra Carlos Henrique Aguiar , Teixeira Carlos Sávio
Published: December 2017

O texto analisa as concepções teóricas de San Tiago Dantas e Roberto Mangabeira Unger a respeito da relação entre política exterior e política interna, observando que para ambos os autores há uma ênfase na dialética entre as duas dimensões. Dito de outra forma, para eles não é possível uma política externa ousada sem lastro em um projeto interno também ousado. Assim sendo, outro ponto a ser refletido, que traz consigo uma íntima relação com a elaboração teórica da política externa versa sobre o projeto político de reforma social.
Modernização e autoconsciência nacional: a emergência da sociedade pretoriana na reorientação do pensamento de Guerreiro Ramos
Authors: Silva Marcelo Tavares
Published: December 2017

O artigo analisa a percepção de Guerreiro Ramos diante da modernização brasileisra tendo como referência a caracterização da "sociedade pretoriana" de Huntington de forma a confirmar ou não a existência de um pretorianismo nacional aos olhos do sociólogo baiano.
O conceito de história na organização da história do pensamento social e político brasileiro em Alberto Guerreiro Ramos e Nelson Werneck Sodré
Authors: Cannone Helio Maurício Pirajá
Published: December 2017

O trabalho pretende explorar como que dois autores nacionalistas que se enquadravam na esquerda do espectro político e atuaram como intelectuais do Instituo Superior de Estudos Brasileiros construíam a importância do conceito de História para a formulação de seus projetos políticos a luz das concepções teóricas que os influenciavam. No caso de Nelson Werneck Sodré, o marxismo e o no caso de Alberto Guerreiro Ramos principalmente a sociologia do conhecimento de Karl Mannheim. Isso será feito a partir da análise de alguns textos dos autores publicados durante os anos 1950 e 1960 (enquanto atuavam no ISEB) na qual eles propunham uma interpretação histórica do Brasil.  Feito isso, pretende-se demonstrar a importância deste conceito de história na formulação da História do pensamento social e político brasileiro que cada um dos autores organiza. Para tal análise, mapear o conceito de ideologia de cada um dos autores faz-se fundamental.
Environmental influence on the development of social skills in children
Authors: Marinho-Casanova Maria Luiza , Leiner Marie
Published: December 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar dados de uma revisão narrativa da literatura sobre alguns comportamentos infantis considerados socialmente habilidosos na cultura brasileira e destacar a importância da habilidade social para o desenvolvimento infantil saudável. Autocontrole, cooperação, civilidade, empatia e prática acadêmica são alguns dos comportamentos apontados na literatura como sendo socialmente habilidosos. O desenvolvimento de tais comportamentos ocorre na infância, durante as interações com pais, outros adultos e com pares durante os primeiros anos de escolarização. Algumas crianças que não desenvolvem esse repertório podem aprender outros comportamentos que contribuem para o estabelecimento de interações negativas entre elas e o grupo social. Os aspectos da educação infantil discutidos neste trabalho têm justificado ações de projetos de extensão com crianças em situação de risco social e podem subsidiar professores e pais para prevenir problemas comportamentais em crianças, evitando dificuldades de aprendizagem e socialização na infância e na adolescência.
Política Nacional de Extensão Universitária: análise da experiência do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde da UFPA
Authors: Nascimento Durbens Martins , Souza Cristina Frassinette Lima de Souza
Published: December 2017

Este estudo objetiva tratar sobre a extensão universitária, abordada a partir dos conceitos de universidade, organização, conhecimento e extensão. Busca-se com o presente trabalho verificar se os produtos gerados, por via de projetos, nas práticas extensionistas desenvolvidas pelo ICS/UFPA, cumprem as prerrogativas da Política Nacional de Extensão Universitária. Foram analisadas as práticas extensionistas do Instituto de Ciências da Saúde (ICS) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) à luz da Política Nacional de Extensão Universitária (PNEU), compreendida dentro da interação dialógica, da interdisciplinaridade e interprofissionalidade, da indissociabilidade ensino-pesquisa-extensão, do impacto na formação do estudante e do impacto e transformação social, contemplada na Política de Extensão da UFPA. A metodologia da pesquisa seguiu uma abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa com aporte bibliográfico e documental. Selecionaram-se para análise deste estudo 80 projetos e 60 relatórios de extensão do ICS do ano de 2012. Os resultados revelaram que as prerrogativas da PNEU ficaram muito aquém de serem atingidas pelos produtos do ICS, quando se tratou de interdisciplinaridade e interprofissionalidade, indissociabilidade ensino-pesquisa-extensão, e, impacto e transformação social. Além disso, foi encontrada pouca participação por parte dos docentes, discentes e técnico-administrativos do ICS em dita atividade. Concluiu-se que o modelo de extensão do ICS é assistencial, desenvolvido através de prestação de serviços.
Educação antidengue: um relato de experiência
Authors: Maleck Marise , Da Cruz Igor Luiz Souza , Pardal Bárbara Mendes , Pinheiro Renata Fraga , Serdeiro Michele Teixeira , Alves Simone Pereira
Published: December 2017

Aedes aegypti L., 1762, principal vetor reconhecido como transmissor do vírus da dengue. Este vetor, uma vez adaptado aos hábitos humanos, não encontra dificuldades para se reproduzir em ambientes domésticos que disponham de recipientes acumuladores de água, encontrados facilmente nas ruas e nos lixos das cidades. As instituições de ensino têm papel fundamental na formação de jovens como cidadãos disseminadores de práticas a favor da promoção da saúde. Com a finalidade de promover a educação para o controle do mosquito vetor do vírus dengue, este trabalho foi desenvolvido através de atividades lúdicas e didáticas nas escolas públicas e particulares do Centro-Sul Fluminense, cidades, centros culturais e espaços públicos do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Os resultados apontaram respostas positivas acima de 80% sobre o tema Aedes-dengue-controle. O projeto atendeu a 1883 participantes. O Projeto Educação Antidengue demonstrou que a educação é uma ferramenta eficaz no tripé educação-saúde-meio ambiente.
À luz da imagem: processos fotográficos e a construção do olhar
Authors: Pinto Felipe Gonçalves , Uzêda Diego Dias
Published: December 2017

O projeto de extensão À Luz da Imagem (Cefet-RJ campus Maria da Graça) nasceu em 2015 a partir do interesse dos professores de Física e Filosofia em desenvolver atividades práticas e teóricas em torno da fotografia, contribuindo nos processos de formação do olhar e de construção do visível. O projeto tem como objetivos provocar a reflexão dos participantes sobre os processos fotográficos e sobre a complexidade da fotografia enquanto fenômeno cultural; contribuir na formação dos estudantes de ensino médio com ações de integração curricular; e, por fim, desenvolver e problematizar o olhar dos participantes para o mundo em que vivem. Apresentamos aqui um relato das atividades realizadas no ano de 2015 com alunos de ensino médio e seus desdobramentos, com destaque para a exposição organizada pelo projeto durante a Semana de Extensão 2015 do Cefet-RJ e os canais de troca de experiência abertos com a comunidade externa e outras instituições públicas.
Cartas de reclamação: polidez ou cordialidade?
Authors: Wilson Victoria
Published: December 2017

A pesquisa concentra-se na análise de cartas de reclamação de proprietários de imóveis residenciais a uma empresa de construção civil com o objetivo de  interpretar a interação em termos do uso da polidez em situações de conflito potencial, pois a reclamação envolve sentimentos negativos mais brandos como a insatisfação até os mais fortes como  a hostilidade. O recorte teórico baseia-se nos estudos da polidez, especialmente nas contribuições de Goffman (1980) e  Brown; Levinson (1987) para a compreensão dos processos de elaboração de face. Porém, a reclamação, em contexto em que um bem material e simbólico (a casa) é o foco, numa cultura dual como a brasileira que convive de modo ambivalente e contraditório com as normas e as leis (DA MATTA, 1979), reacende o “mito da cordialidade”, nos termos postos por  Holanda (1995), mas que ainda se revela funcional e frutífero no comportamento do homem cordial brasileiro, segundo Rocha (1998).
(Im)possibilidades enunciativas sobre a língua inglesa no discurso publicitário de institutos de idiomas
Authors: Brito Cristiane Carvalho de Paula , Guilherme Maria de Fátima Fonseca , Costa Nathália Gontijo da
Published: December 2017

Este trabalho, fundamentado na interface dos estudos da Linguística Aplicada, da Análise do Discurso pecheutiana e de concepções bakhtinianas de linguagem, visa analisar o funcionamento discursivo de enunciados sobre a língua inglesa em websites de institutos de idiomas. Nosso gesto de interpretação em relação ao corpus busca investigar como o discurso capitalista empresarial se imbrica ao discurso do empoderamento e da motivação de forma a apagar e silenciar uma discursividade empresarial por meio da inscrição em uma formação discursiva didático-pedagógica, criando, assim, o efeito de que a preocupação principal dos institutos reside em questões educacionais.
The effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the morphological and biomechanical characteristics of the tibiotarsus in broiler chickens
Authors: Suzer Bayram , Arican Ilker , Yesilbag Derya , Yildiz Huseyin
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of different levels of the feed supplement Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a yeast metabolite, on broiler tibiotarsus traits and to reduce leg problems by identifying the pathological changes in leg skeletal system. Thus, reducing leg disorders due to the skeletal system, the cause of significant economic losses in our country (Turkey), was investigated by the supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in broiler feed. In the study, 300 male day-old, Ross 308 broiler chicks were used. Experiment groups were designed as follows: control; 0.1 % Saccharomyces cerevisiae; 0.2 % Saccharomyces cerevisiae; 0.4 % Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The experimental diets were chemically analyzed according to the methods of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Twelve groups were obtained, including three replicates for each experimental group. Each replicated group was comprised of 25 chicks, and thus 75 chicks were placed in each experimental group. After 42 days, broiler chickens were slaughtered. Tibiotarsi were weighed with a digital scale, and the lengths were measured with a digital caliper after the drying process. Cortical areas were measured with the ImageJ Image Processing and Analysis Program. A UTEST Model-7014 tension and compression machine and a Maxtest software were used to determine the bone strength of the tibiotarsus. The severity of the tibial dyschondroplasia lesion was evaluated as 0, +1, +2 and +3. Crude ash, calcium and phosphorus analyses were performed to determine the inorganic matter of tibiotarsi. For radiographic evaluations of epiphyseal growth plates, tibiotarsi from the right legs were photographed in lateral and craniocaudal positions and examined. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS statistics program. It was observed that the use of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a feed supplement led to an increase in the bone traits of broiler chickens. Optimum results for bone mineral content, biomechanical traits and strength were provided by the addition of 0.2 % Saccharomyces cerevisiae in broiler feed. As a result, the use of yeast as feed supplements in broilers is considered to be an economic and convenient way of providing animal welfare and preventing commercial losses due to leg problems.
Characterizing energy budget variability at a Sahelian site: a test of NWP model behaviour
Authors: Mackie Anna , Palmer Paul I. , Brindley Helen
Published: December 2017

Abstract. We use observations of surface and top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) broadband radiation fluxes determined from the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement programme mobile facility, the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) and Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) instruments and a range of meteorological variables at a site in the Sahel to test the ability of the ECMWF Integrated Forecasting System cycle 43r1 to describe energy budget variability. The model has daily average biases of −12 and 18 W m−2 for outgoing longwave and reflected shortwave TOA radiation fluxes, respectively. At the surface, the daily average bias is 12(13) W m−2 for the longwave downwelling (upwelling) radiation flux and −21(−13) W m−2 for the shortwave downwelling (upwelling) radiation flux. Using multivariate linear models of observation–model differences, we attribute radiation flux discrepancies to physical processes, and link surface and TOA fluxes. We find that model biases in surface radiation fluxes are mainly due to a low bias in ice water path (IWP), poor description of surface albedo and model–observation differences in surface temperature. We also attribute observed discrepancies in the radiation fluxes, particularly during the dry season, to the misrepresentation of aerosol fields in the model from use of a climatology instead of a dynamic approach. At the TOA, the low IWP impacts the amount of reflected shortwave radiation while biases in outgoing longwave radiation are additionally coupled to discrepancies in the surface upwelling longwave flux and atmospheric humidity.
Biogenic, urban, and wildfire influences on the molecular composition of dissolved organic compounds in cloud water
Authors: Cook Ryan D. , Lin Ying-Hsuan , Peng Zhuoyu , Boone Eric , Chu Rosalie K. , Dukett James E. , Gunsch Matthew J. , Zhang Wuliang , Tolic Nikola , Laskin Alexander , Pratt Kerri A.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Organic aerosol formation and transformation occurs within aqueous aerosol and cloud droplets, yet little is known about the composition of high molecular weight organic compounds in cloud water. Cloud water samples collected at Whiteface Mountain, New York, during August–September 2014 were analyzed by ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry to investigate the molecular composition of dissolved organic carbon, with a focus on sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds. Organic molecular composition was evaluated in the context of cloud water inorganic ion concentrations, pH, and total organic carbon concentrations to gain insights into the sources and aqueous-phase processes of the observed high molecular weight organic compounds. Cloud water acidity was positively correlated with the average oxygen : carbon ratio of the organic constituents, suggesting the possibility for aqueous acid-catalyzed (prior to cloud droplet activation or during/after cloud droplet evaporation) and/or radical (within cloud droplets) oxidation processes. Many tracer compounds recently identified in laboratory studies of bulk aqueous-phase reactions were identified in the cloud water. Organosulfate compounds, with both biogenic and anthropogenic volatile organic compound precursors, were detected for cloud water samples influenced by air masses that had traveled over forested and populated areas. Oxidation products of long-chain (C10−12) alkane precursors were detected during urban influence. Influence of Canadian wildfires resulted in increased numbers of identified sulfur-containing compounds and oligomeric species, including those formed through aqueous-phase reactions involving methylglyoxal. Light-absorbing aqueous-phase products of syringol and guaiacol oxidation were observed in the wildfire-influenced samples, and dinitroaromatic compounds were observed in all cloud water samples (wildfire, biogenic, and urban-influenced). Overall, the cloud water molecular composition depended on air mass source influence and reflected aqueous-phase reactions involving biogenic, urban, and biomass burning precursors.
Validation of ozone profile retrievals derived from the OMPS LP version 2.5 algorithm against correlative satellite measurements
Authors: Kramarova Natalya A. , Bhartia Pawan K. , Jaross Glen , Moy Leslie , Xu Philippe , Chen Zhong , DeLand Matthew , Froidevaux Lucien , Livesey Nathaniel , Degenstein Douglas , Bourassa Adam , Walker Kaley A. , Sheese Patrick
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The Limb Profiler (LP) is a part of the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite launched on board of the Suomi NPP satellite in October 2011. The LP measures solar radiation scattered from the atmospheric limb in ultraviolet and visible spectral ranges between the surface and 80 km. These measurements of scattered solar radiances allow for the retrieval of ozone profiles from cloud tops up to 55 km. The LP started operational observations in April 2012. In this study we evaluate more than 5.5 years of ozone profile measurements from the OMPS LP processed with the new NASA GSFC version 2.5 retrieval algorithm. We provide a brief description of the key changes that had been implemented in this new algorithm, including a pointing correction, new cloud height detection, explicit aerosol correction, and a reduction of the number of wavelengths used in the retrievals. The OMPS LP ozone retrievals have been compared with independent satellite profile measurements obtained from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and Odin Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS). We document observed biases, seasonal differences and evaluate the stability of the version 2.5 ozone record over 5.5 years. Our analysis indicates that the mean differences between LP and correlative measurements are well within required ±10 % between 18 and 42 km. In the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (> 43 km) LP tends to have a negative bias. We find larger biases in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, but LP ozone retrievals has significantly improved in version 2.5 compared to version 2 due to the implemented aerosol correction. In the northern high latitudes we observe larger biases between 20 and 32 km due to the remaining thermal sensitivity issue. Our analysis shows that LP ozone retrievals agree well with the correlative satellite observations in characterizing vertical, spatial and temporal ozone distribution associated with natural processes, like the seasonal cycle and Quasi Biennial Oscillations. We found a small positive drift ~ 0.5 %/yr in the LP ozone record against MLS and OSIRIS that is more pronounced at altitudes above 35 km. This pattern in the relative drift is consistent with a possible 100-meter drift in the LP sensor pointing detected by one of our altitude resolving methods.
On the drought in the Balearic Islands during the hydrological year 2015–2016
Authors: Ramis Climent , Romero Romualdo , Homar Víctor , Alonso Sergio , Jansà Agustí , Amengual Arnau
Published: December 2017

Abstract. During the hydrological year 2015–2016 (September to August) a severe drought affected the Balearic Islands, with substantial consequences (alleviated partially by desalination plants) on water availability for consumption from reservoirs and aquifers and also on the vegetation cover. In particular, a plague of Xylella fastidiosa reached an alarming level for almond and olive trees. The expansion of this infestation could be attributed to, or at least favored by, the extreme drought. In this paper we analyze this anomalous episode in terms of the corresponding water balance in comparison with the balance obtained from long-term climatological data. It is shown that the drought was the result of a lack of winter precipitation, the lowest in 43 years, which led to a shortage of water storage in the soil. In several meteorological stations analyzed, evaporation was greater than precipitation during all the months of the year. In terms of attribution, it is found that during the 2015–2016 winter the atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic was largely westerly and intense, with high values of the NAO index that were reflected in high pressures over the Iberian Peninsula and the western Mediterranean.
Rapid, semi-automatic fracture and contact mapping for point clouds, images and geophysical data
Authors: Thiele Samuel T. , Grose Lachlan , Samsu Anindita , Micklethwaite Steven , Vollgger Stefan A. , Cruden Alexander R.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The advent of large digital datasets from unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and satellite platforms now challenges our ability to extract information across multiple scales in a timely manner, often meaning that the full value of the data is not realised. Here we adapt a least-cost-path solver and specially tailored cost functions to rapidly interpolate structural features between manually defined control points in point cloud and raster datasets. We implement the method in the geographic information system QGIS and the point cloud and mesh processing software CloudCompare. Using these implementations, the method can be applied to a variety of three-dimensional (3-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) datasets, including high-resolution aerial imagery, digital outcrop models, digital elevation models (DEMs) and geophysical grids. We demonstrate the algorithm with four diverse applications in which we extract (1) joint and contact patterns in high-resolution orthophotographs, (2) fracture patterns in a dense 3-D point cloud, (3) earthquake surface ruptures of the Greendale Fault associated with the Mw7.1 Darfield earthquake (New Zealand) from high-resolution light detection and ranging (lidar) data, and (4) oceanic fracture zones from bathymetric data of the North Atlantic. The approach improves the consistency of the interpretation process while retaining expert guidance and achieves significant improvements (35–65 %) in digitisation time compared to traditional methods. Furthermore, it opens up new possibilities for data synthesis and can quantify the agreement between datasets and an interpretation.
How much should we believe correlations between Arctic cyclones and sea ice extent?
Authors: Rae Jamie G. L. , Todd Alexander D. , Blockley Edward W. , Ridley Jeff K.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. This paper presents an investigation of the robustness of correlations between characteristics of Arctic summer cyclones and September Arctic sea ice extent. A cyclone identification and tracking algorithm is run for output from 100-year coupled climate model simulations at two resolutions and for 30 years of reanalysis data, using two different tracking variables (mean sea-level pressure, MSLP; and 850 hPa vorticity) for identification of the cyclones. The influence of the tracking variable, the spatial resolution of the model, and spatial and temporal sampling on the correlations is then explored. We conclude that the correlations obtained depend on all of these factors and that care should be taken when interpreting the results of such analyses. Previous studies of this type have used around 30 years of reanalysis and observational data, analysed with a single tracking variable. Our results therefore cast some doubt on the conclusions drawn in those studies.
Evaluación de las percepciones del alumnado sobre la utilización del inglés como lengua de instrucción en la universidad
Authors: Fernández-Costales Alberto
Published: December 2017

Este artículo analiza el nivel de satisfacción de los estudiantes de grados impartidos en inglés en una universidad española. En concreto, la investigación se centra en el estudio de las percepciones de los estudiantes sobre la implementación de los grados bilingües y el impacto que estos programas puedan tener en tres ámbitos: la competencia de los alumnos en inglés, la promoción de su dimensión internacional, y la mejora de sus perspectivas profesionales. La muestra se compone de 255 estudiantes matriculados en grados bilingües. En el trabajo se utiliza una metodología cuantitativa y descriptiva y los datos fueron analizados con SPSS. Aunque el grado de satisfacción general de los alumnos es bastante alto, las conclusiones del estudio permiten identificar propuestas de mejora para la implementación de programas bilingües en contextos similares.
Sobre el papel del lenguaje en el "fracaso escolar"
Authors: Gil José María
Published: December 2017

Hay manifestaciones visibles del “fracaso escolar” en casi todas partes: Muchos chicos abandonan sus estudios antes de completar el ciclo primario o secundario, o sacan bajas calificaciones en los exámenes. Los participantes principales de este proceso son niños y adolescentes de los sectores socioeconómicos menos favorecidos y las investigaciones vienen mostrando desde hace tiempo que, en gran medida, la causa del “fracaso” es de orden social. Sin embargo, ¿cumple el lenguaje algún papel en este complejo proceso de exclusión? Algunas hipótesis bastante difundidas (a veces de forma explícita y a veces implícita) se han ofrecido como respuesta. En este trabajo se las pone a prueba a partir de la lingüística sistémico-funcional (LSF). Parece que el “fracaso escolar” también está condicionado por la variedad de lengua, aunque esto no implica una deficiencia de dicha variedad. Entender este complejo fenómeno es un primer e imprescindible paso para empezar a resolver el problema.
Las luchas feministas. Las principales campañas del movimiento feminista español (1976-1981)
Authors: Gahete Muñoz Soraya
Published: December 2017

El movimiento feminista español se desarrolló con gran fuerza a partir de 1976. La situación de España, tras más de cuarenta años de dictadura, condicionó las campañas que este movimiento llevó a cabo. A las reivindicaciones a favor de un nuevo modelo familiar se unirán las que pidan derogar todas las leyes en las que se discriminasen a las mujeres. Algunas de las principales campañas fueron acabar con la penalización del llamado adulterio femenino, la legalización de los métodos anticonceptivos y el aborto, lograr que en la nueva constitución se reconociese y se reforzase la igualdad entre mujeres y hombres, el reconocimiento de una sexualidad libre o una ley de divorcio no discriminatoria para las mujeres.
Is it necessary to "be" a feminist to "make" feminist cinema? Icíar Bollaín and her cinematographic representation of gender.
Authors: Cabrera Campoy Julia
Published: December 2017

Inequality between men and women in cinema has remained stable from its beginnings. Both behind the cameras and on-screen representation, women have been systematically invisible, underrepresented and objectified. Feminist efforts arose in the 1970s to visualize and subvert the existing power order, working through two axes: the critique on patriarchy and patriarchal cinema industry, and the development of feminist counter-cinema. Despite their efforts, women's situation has not been greatly improved. However, from the 90s a stream of female authors considered feminists by the critic disowning feminism has spread out. Their films are led by strong capable women, no longer representing women's struggles but assuming their victories and creating from them. New categories of analysis such as post-feminist cinema have been developed for those films. Nevertheless, I question whether these are essentially feminist representations since they are building alternative models of femininity. If they are, does this mean that a feminist consciousness is not necessary to make feminist films? In order to address this question I analyze gender representation in Bollaín’s filmography, and see whether their films fit in any feminist category despite her denial to the term, and the implication this could have.
Feminismos, postmodernidad y cultura mediática en las aulas: el videoclip pop estadounidense como herramienta educativa para la discusión de temas controversiales
Authors: Triviño Cabrera Laura
Published: December 2017

El presente artículo persigue mostrar cómo la cultura mediática trasladada al ámbito educativo puede ofrecer un abanico de posibilidades para abordar temas controversiales relacionados con los feminismos y con el contexto postmoderno en el que profesorado y alumnado se hallan. En el estudio que desarrollamos, nos centramos en la cultura pop estadounidense, concretamente en los vídeos musicales y cómo éstos se pueden convertir en una herramienta educativa que permita al profesorado en formación adquirir perspectiva de género y pensamiento crítico.
#madres arrepentidas. Una mirada radical a la maternidad y sus falacias sociales, Orna Donath. Penguin Random House, Barcelona, 2016, 270 páginas, ISBN 978-84-16709-05-2
Authors: Medina-Vicent Maria
Published: December 2017

La obra #madres arrepentidas. Una mirada radical a la maternidad y sus falacias sociales de Orna Donath rompe de lleno con el tabú social del arrepentimiento que sienten algunas mujeres durante el proceso de la maternidad. Esta obra nos habla de forma mayoritaria de madres con hijos/as adultos/as, con lo que nos ofrece una visión de la experiencia de la maternidad a lo largo de la vida; una visión retrospectiva que visibiliza los diferentes caminos que llevan a una mujer a la maternidad y las vivencias no normativas de dicho proceso.
SME Growth: The Role of Government Grant
Authors: Quintiliani Andrea
Published: December 2017

The objectives of this research are two: to understand, if Government grants create favorable conditions for enterprises which mean to promote diversification process by increasing range of company products; and to understand if diversification strategy, stimulated by public grants, can lead to a growth of company value. This research is carried out through the balance sheets of the data-base AIDA and analysis of questionnaires submitted to a sample of 100 small and medium-sized enterprises located in Molise Region (Italy), operating in the agro-alimentary sector, and which benefited from public grants during the period 2007-2008. The analysis covering the period 2003-2014. The empirical evidence from January 2003 to December 2014 indicates a strong relationship between Government grant, strategy diversification and growth of enterprise value. It should be emphasized that present work limits its field of investigation to a few variables without fully addressing other elements of uncertainty that may adversely affect on SME’s EVA. This work will be useful to stimulate debate on policies to support SMEs. The originality of this study is the correlation between public grants, corporate strategies and added economic value.
A checklist of Norwegian Tardigrada
Authors: Meier Terje
Published: December 2017

Animals of the phylum Tardigrada are microscopical metazoans that seldom exceed 1 mm in length. They are recorded from terrestrial, limnic and marine habitats and they have a distribution from Arctic to Antarctica. Tardigrades are also named ‘water bears’ referring to their ‘walk’ that resembles a bear’s gait. Knowledge of Norwegian tardigrades is fragmented and distributed across numerous sources. Here this information is gathered and validity of some records is discussed. In total 146 different species are recorded from the Norwegian mainland and Svalbard. Among these, 121 species and subspecies are recorded in previous publications and another 25 species are recorded from Norway for the first time.
The Effect of Banks Website Service Quality and E-satisfaction on E-loyalty: An Empirical Study on Swedish Banks
Authors: Alkhouli Samer
Published: December 2017

The increase in internet use in Sweden provides the country’s banking industry with an important commercial opportunity. High websites service quality (website SQ) and electronic satisfaction (e-satisfaction) are vital if the banks are to keep and guarantee their customers’ electronic loyalty (e-loyalty). The purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence of the association between website SQ and e-satisfaction, and the impact of both on e-loyalty in Swedish banks. The author used the E-S-QUAL model to measure the four dimensions of website SQ: fulfilment, availability, efficiency and privacy. Questionnaires were sent to 450 customers, of which 213 were returned, either in-person or online. The results showed that website SQ and e-satisfaction have a strong positive correlation with e-loyalty. The relationship between website SQ and e-satisfaction should be continuously measured, and website processes reviewed in line with advances in ICT and changes in levels of e-loyalty. This study gives feedback to these banks on their website SQ, helping them avoid shortcomings and keep their customers satisfied and loyal. Customers with high levels of e-satisfaction have significantly higher levels of e-loyalty compared to those with low levels.
Characteristics and Skills Necessary in Accountancy
Authors: O'Shea Susan C.
Published: December 2017

The recruitment of accountants poses challenges for accountancy firms. Person-job fit affects success and influences the likelihood of remaining with a firm. With expected growth in the industry addressing these challenges is essential.This research aimed to determine the characteristics and skills necessary for accountancy and whether current students exhibit these qualities. It was based on Holland’s RIASEC model and characteristics of interest in accountancy including analytical skill, preference for structure, communication and interpersonal skills, risk approach and conscientiousness. Experts in accountancy were interviewed to determine the desired characteristics for the profession. Accountancy students were then surveyed to measure their skills.Communication skills and enterprising characteristics were the most valued qualities of accountants. Students had a preference for structure and a cautious approach to risk. They had some of the characteristics considered useful in accountancy including conventional and investigative characteristics and conscientiousness. Desirable characteristics varied for different specialisations. While students with specialisation preferences had specific characteristics, these rarely matched those required. Exceptions were preferences for forensic accountancy and tax.This research makes a theoretical contribution to the application of the RIASEC model to accountancy, suggesting a modification of the pre-existing classifications. Practical implications also arise for employers, students and educators.
The Impact of Enterprise Risk Management on Firm Performance: Evidence from Sri Lankan Banking and Finance Industry
Authors: Alawattegama Kingsley Karunaratne
Published: December 2017

This study explores the impact of the adoption of enterprise risk management (ERM) practices on firm performance. A sample of forty five banking and finance companies listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) was selected for this study and uses both primary and secondary data for the empirical analysis. The extent of adoption of ERM practices was assessed by using the ERM integrated framework of committee of sponsoring organization (COSO) of the Treadway Commission of USA. Return on equity (ROE) is used as a proxy to measure the firm performance and uses multivariate regression analysis to assess the impact of key ERM functions on firm performance. This study finds none of the eight key ERM functions suggested by the COSO’s ERM integrated framework has a significant impact on firm performance. Event identifications, risk assessment, risk response and information & communication indicate a positive impact on firm performance. However, none of those impacts were significant. Surprisingly, empirical evidence reveals that objective setting; event identification, control activities and monitoring of ERM functions have a negative, but not significant, impact on the firm performance. These findings induce the corporate managers to pay a close attention to the cost-benefits considerations when designing and implementing ERM practices and not heavily relied upon and extensively invest on ERM as a vehicle for creating firm value.
Graduates Attributes: Convergence and Divergence of Different Stakeholders
Authors: Kanagasingam Vallipuram
Published: December 2017

The concept of graduates’ attributes has become the focus of increasing attention among practitioners and scholars alike. Little research, however, has been undertaken to investigate the graduates’ attributes in Sri Lanka from the perspective of stakeholder, the main objective of this study is to explore students’ attributes from different stakeholders’ point of view, particularly scholars and industrialist perspective. Further, this study concludes that most employers are looking for graduates who possess a range of generic skills and attributes, particularly, communication, team work, critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The study found that graduates are unable to find suitable employment opportunities to fulfill their expectations. They have dissatisfaction towards the employability. The main reason for unemployment and under-employment among the graduates is due to mismatch between the qualities of graduates produced by the state Universities in Sri Lanka and the quality expected by employers.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 13 No. 1
Authors: Lee Stephen
Published: December 2017

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Business and Management, Vol. 13 No. 1, 2018
How to Improve the Financial Conditions of Local Governments in a Period of Crisis: An Explanatory Case Study
Authors: Lucianelli Giovanna , Citro Francesca , Santis Serena , Tranfaglia Alfredo Ettore , Mazzillo Andrea
Published: December 2017

The context of austerity and crisis in the local governments has focused on looking for a solution to avoid the distress while also improving financial health. Therefore, a system to monitor the financial situation of local authorities is needed in order to understand what the governments’ proceeding to manage the crisis are. This paper aims to analyse the financial distress in the municipality of Rome to evaluate the processes that occur inside the “black box” of the organizational, institutional and strategic implementation of the reorganization practices and routines, also highlighting what are the indicators of the financial conditions that fall into either a positive or negative area so as to implement adequate planning. The analysis is conducted through an explanatory case study to understand and to explain the reasons for management practices in a condition of financial distress. The main finding shows that the case of Rome represents a good example of the financial resilience through a combination of capacities and reactions such as management of slack resources and income generation.
The Importance of “Contextualisation” in Small and Medium-Sized Firms Valuation: Evidences from an Italian Case Study
Authors: Montani Damiano , Perrini Francesco , Gervasio Daniele , Pulcini Andrea
Published: December 2017

The valuation of a small or medium-sized enterprise through subjective methods, may not exclude a correct contextualisation of the data forming the information base of the estimate. “Contextualisation” refers to the general overview of all those elements that allow a proper definition of the enterprise’s background. All of this serves in the analysis for the correct data necessary for the determination of values such as the economic and financial flows to discount, the timeframe of analysis and the discount rate. Without a correct contextualisation, it is not possible to reach a correct measurement of the company value in accordance with the studies on the “theory of value”. After observing that “contextualisation” has not been widely studied till now for the theory of value, the present work analyses the incidence on the measurement of the company value, showing with an empirical case the different results that may be reached on the basis of the contextualisation of data. Hence, a correct “contextualisation” is crucial for the proper valuation of a company. Academic researches should take more carefully into consideration, this aspect concerning the valuation of a company and in particular, define more accurately the implementing rules in the assessment methods.