bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Figure 7 from BET Inhibition Sensitizes Immunologically Cold Rb-Deficient Prostate Cancer to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Olson Brian M. , Chaudagar Kiranj , Bao Riyue , Saha Sweta Sharma , Hong Christina , Li Marguerite , Rameshbabu Srikrishnan , Chen Raymond , Thomas Alison , Patnaik Akash
Published: June 2023

JQ-1 does not induce p-IRF3 translocation to the nucleus in wild-type or Rb-deficient Myc-CaP tumor cells.
Supplementary Figure 6 from BET Inhibition Sensitizes Immunologically Cold Rb-Deficient Prostate Cancer to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Olson Brian M. , Chaudagar Kiranj , Bao Riyue , Saha Sweta Sharma , Hong Christina , Li Marguerite , Rameshbabu Srikrishnan , Chen Raymond , Thomas Alison , Patnaik Akash
Published: June 2023

JQ-1 does not induce apoptosis at 1 µM concentration that activates non-canonical STING/NF-κB signaling.
Supplementary Figure 2 from BET Inhibition Sensitizes Immunologically Cold Rb-Deficient Prostate Cancer to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Olson Brian M. , Chaudagar Kiranj , Bao Riyue , Saha Sweta Sharma , Hong Christina , Li Marguerite , Rameshbabu Srikrishnan , Chen Raymond , Thomas Alison , Patnaik Akash
Published: June 2023

Decreased Rb1 expression correlates with predicted decreased immune infiltration across multiple disease histologies.
Supplementary Figure 11 from BET Inhibition Sensitizes Immunologically Cold Rb-Deficient Prostate Cancer to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Olson Brian M. , Chaudagar Kiranj , Bao Riyue , Saha Sweta Sharma , Hong Christina , Li Marguerite , Rameshbabu Srikrishnan , Chen Raymond , Thomas Alison , Patnaik Akash
Published: June 2023

Androgen deprivation increases the frequency of infiltrating T cells and M1 tumor-associated macrophages in the tumor microenvironment.
Supplementary Figure 10 from BET Inhibition Sensitizes Immunologically Cold Rb-Deficient Prostate Cancer to Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Authors: Olson Brian M. , Chaudagar Kiranj , Bao Riyue , Saha Sweta Sharma , Hong Christina , Li Marguerite , Rameshbabu Srikrishnan , Chen Raymond , Thomas Alison , Patnaik Akash
Published: June 2023

JQ-1 treatment in vivo increases PD-L1 expression on myeloid suppressive cells.
Table S1 from Antitumor Immune Mechanisms of the Anti-Complement Factor H Antibody GT103
Authors: Bushey Ryan T. , Saxena Ruchi , Campa Michael J. , Gottlin Elizabeth B. , He You-Wen , Patz Edward F.
Published: June 2023

Genes regulated by GT103 in total intratumoral B cells
Figure S1-S5 from Targeting Glutamine Metabolism with a Novel Na+/K+-ATPase Inhibitor RX108 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wei Daoyan , Chen Dongmei , Mou Hongyuan , Chakraborty Sharmistha , Wei Bo , Tan Lin , Lorenzi Philip L. , Qian Xiangping , Yang Peiying
Published: June 2023

Supplemental Figures S1-S5
Figure S3 from Antitumor Immune Mechanisms of the Anti-Complement Factor H Antibody GT103
Authors: Bushey Ryan T. , Saxena Ruchi , Campa Michael J. , Gottlin Elizabeth B. , He You-Wen , Patz Edward F.
Published: June 2023

Flow cytometry histograms of C3b/iC3b or C1q binding to NSCLC cells incubated with normal human serum (NHS) or depleted (Dpl) NHS + antibodies.
Figure S1-S5 from Activating an Adaptive Immune Response with a Telomerase-Mediated Telomere Targeting Therapeutic in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Mender Ilgen , Siteni Silvia , Barron Summer , Flusche Ann Marie , Kubota Naoto , Yu Chunhua , Cornelius Crystal , Tedone Enzo , Maziveyi Mazvita , Grichuk Anthony , Venkateswaran Niranjan , Conacci-Sorrell Maralice , Hoshida Yujin , Kang Rui , Tang Daolin , Gryaznov Sergei , Shay Jerry W.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Data
Data from Preclinical Profile of BYON3521 Predicts an Effective and Safe MET Antibody–Drug Conjugate
Authors: Groothuis Patrick G. , Jacobs Daniëlle C.H. , Hermens Inge A.T. , Damming Désirée , Berentsen Kim , Mattaar-Hepp Ellen , Stokman Marloes E.M. , Boekel Tinie van , Rouwette Myrthe , van der Vleuten Monique A.J. , Sesink Aloys , Dijcks Fred A. , Coumans Ruud G.E. , Schouten Jan , Glaudemans Dirk H. , Wijk Daniëlle van , Blomenröhr Marion , Kappers Wendela A. , Ubink Ruud , van der Lee Miranda M.C. , Dokter Wim H.A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract
MET, the cell-surface receptor for the hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor, which is widely overexpressed in various solid cancer types, is an attractive target for the development of antibody-based therapeutics. BYON3521 is a novel site-specifically conjugated duocarmycin-based antibody–drug conjugate (ADC), comprising a humanized cysteine-engineered IgG1 monoclonal antibody with low pmol/L binding affinity towards both human and cynomolgus MET. In vitro studies showed that BYON3521 internalizes efficiently upon MET binding and induces both target- and bystander-mediated cell killing. BYON3521 showed good potency and full efficacy in MET-amplified and high MET–expressing cancer cell lines; in moderate and low MET–expressing cancer cell lines good potencies and partial efficacy were observed. In mouse xenograft models, BYON3521 showed significant antitumor activity upon single-dose administration in multiple non-MET–amplified tumor types with low, moderate, and high MET expression, including complete tumor remissions in models with moderate MET expression. In the repeat-dose Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) safety assessment in cynomolgus monkeys, BYON3521 was well tolerated and based on the observed toxicities and their reversibility, the highest non-severely toxic dose was set at 15 mg/kg. A human pharmacokinetics (PK) model was derived from the PK data from the cynomolgus safety assessments, and the minimal efficacious dose in humans is estimated to be in the range of 3 to 4 mg/kg. In all, our nonclinical data suggests that BYON3521 is a safe ADC with potential for clinical benefit in patients. A first-in-human dose-escalation study is currently ongoing to determine the maximum tolerated dose and recommended dose for expansion (NCT05323045).
Abstract 20: Clinical and Non-Clinical Determinants of Cervical Cancer Mortality: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Ola Idris , Okunowo Adebola , Habeebu Muhammad , Jonasson Junmei Miao
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Cervical cancer (CCa) is the fourth most frequent and a common cause of cancer mortality in women, the majority of whom live in low- and middle-income countries. Data on CCa mortality and its determinants have been poorly studied in Nigeria, resulting in a paucity of information that can assist patient management and cancer control policy.

The purpose of this study was to assess the mortality rate among CCa patients in Nigeria as well as the major factors influencing CCa mortality.

Methods: Data from the medical records of 343 CCa patients seen at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital and NSIA-LUTH Cancer Center from 2015 to 2021 were used in a retrospective cohort analysis. The hazard ratios (HR) and confidence intervals (CI) associated with the exposure variables and CCa mortality were calculated using Cox proportional hazard regression.

Results: The CCa mortality rate was 30.5 per 100 women-years after 2.2 years of median follow-up. Clinical factors such as HIV/AIDS (adjusted HR [aHR]: 11.9; 95% CI: 4.6, 30.4), advanced clinical stage (aHR: 2.7; 95% CI: 1.5, 4.7), and anemia at presentation (aHR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.0) were associated with a higher mortality risk, as were non-clinical factors such as age at diagnosis >50 years (aHR: 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.9) and family history of CCa (aHR: 3.5; 95%CI: 1.1, 11.1)

Conclusion: CCa has a high mortality rate in Nigeria. Incorporating these clinical and non-clinical factors into CCa management and control policies may improve women’s outcomes.

Citation Format: Idris Ola, Adebola Okunowo, Muhammad Habeebu, Junmei Miao Jonasson. Clinical and Non-Clinical Determinants of Cervical Cancer Mortality: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Lagos, Nigeria [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 20.
Abstract 23: Comparative Analysis of Time Between Diagnosis and First Treatment of Malignant Prostate Cancer in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS)
Authors: Beltramo Luiza Seixas de Sá , Azambuja Fernando , Barreto Pedro Antonio Paludo Menna , Silveira Pedro Arthur Zimmer , da Silva Laura Tibola Marques , Kieling Lucas , de Andrade Rafaela , Alberti Arthur Minas , Lech Gabriele Eckerdt
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Prostate cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in males in Brazil, with an increase of 29% new cases every year. Treatment may be done by surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Due to its size and diversity, the country has noticeable inequalities in the Unified Public Healthcare System (SUS). Therefore, we intend to analyze the time between malignant prostate cancer diagnosis and first treatment with possible disparities in this process in Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional design of data collected from the Oncology Panel of DATASUS’s Hospital Information System. The study analyzes the time between diagnosis and initial treatment for malignant prostate cancer between 2015 and 2020. There were 4 intervals: the same day, 1-30 days, 31-60 days, and above 60 days.

Results: The number of prostate treatments in Brazil, through the Public Health System (SUS), between January 2015 and December 2020, was 153.802. From those, 18.545 were performed the same day of diagnosis; 11.025 in the 1-30 days interval between diagnosis and treatment; 19.960 in the 31-60 days interval and 104.272 above 60 days. Hence, 49.530 (32,2%) treatments were performed within 60 days and 104.272 (67,8%) were performed after 60 days of diagnosis.

Conclusion: The Brazilian Law stipulates that the care must be provided within 60 days of diagnosis. However, the results of this study shows there is a significant delay in this system, which affects the morbimortality of the majority of patients subjected to postponements. As a result, it is essential to determine the extent of these consequences to improve the management and execution of malignant prostate cancer treatments.

Citation Format: Luiza Seixas de Sá Beltramo, Fernando Azambuja, Pedro Antonio Paludo Menna Barreto, Pedro Arthur Zimmer Silveira, Laura Tibola Marques da Silva, Lucas Kieling, Rafaela de Andrade, Arthur Minas Alberti, Gabriele Eckerdt Lech. Comparative Analysis of Time Between Diagnosis and First Treatment of Malignant Prostate Cancer in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 23.
Abstract 24: Comparison Between the White Skin Color Distribution on the Brazil and Diagnoses of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
Authors: Alberti Arthur Minas , Kieling Lucas , Barreto Pedro Antonio Paludo Menna , Silveira Pedro Arthur Zimmer , de Andrade Rafaela , Azambuja Fernando , Beltramo Luiza Seixas de Sá , Lech Gabriele Eckerdt , da Silva Laura Tibola Marques , Pereira Maria Eduarda Corrêa
Published: June 2023

Purpose: According to the National Institute of Cancer (INCA), people with lighter skin tone have a higher chance of being stricken by Nonmelanoma skin cancer. Still, according to the same institute, this cancer is the most frequent tumor for both genders in Brazil. Therefore, it’s important to measure how impactful this risk factor is in Brazil.

Methods: In this analysis, the data about the diagnosis of nonmelanoma skin cancer between the years of 2013 to 2021 in the different regions of Brazil was captured using the DATASUS Oncology Panel as data source, through the TABNET system. Also the data about the resident population of each region by color and race uncovered in the last census realized by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistic (IBGE) in 2010 has been collected. This information has been correlated with the statistics about the tumor, using the Pearson coefficient as the method to measure the relation between these two variables.

Results: The region that has the highest number of white people is the southeast region, with 44.152.518 people, followed by the south, with 21.456.204. The region with the lowest number of white habitants is the north region, with 3.686.144 individuals. The number of diagnoses of nonmelanoma skin cancer between the years of 2013-2021 follows a similar logic, with the highest number of cases in the southeast and south region (88.851 and 70.046 respectively). In this way, correlating both variables it has been found a determination coefficient (r2) of 0.943 and a p-value= 0.016, that demonstrate the significance of the relation.

Conclusion: It’s evident that a direct relation between the number of nonmelanoma skin cancer diagnoses and the population of white skin per location in Brazil exists, as indicated by relevant value of the determination coefficient founded (r2 = 0.943), as well as the p-value < 0.05. So, the data show that, in Brazil, the lighter skin tone is an important risk factor associated with the tumor referred to, being this information important to subsidize future campaigns to prevent the disease.

Citation Format: Arthur Minas Alberti, Lucas Kieling, Pedro Antonio Paludo Menna Barreto, Pedro Arthur Zimmer Silveira, Rafaela de Andrade, Fernando Azambuja, Luiza Seixas de Sá Beltramo, Gabriele Eckerdt Lech, Laura Tibola Marques da Silva, Maria Eduarda Corrêa Pereira. Comparison Between the White Skin Color Distribution on the Brazil and Diagnoses of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 24.
Abstract 38: External Quality Assessment for Prostate Specific Antigen Test Accuracy: A Needs Assessment of Nigerian Tertiary Hospitals
Authors: Nnakenyi Ifeyinwa , Onyeka Tonia , Idemili-Aronu1 Ngozi , Onu Justus , Ezeanolue Echezona
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Prostate cancer is a major cause of death in African men, and the accuracy of prostate specific antigen (PSA) test results is important to ensure patients have access to accurate early diagnosis and treatment. External Quality Assessment (EQA) is an established framework to improve the quality of PSA results. We aimed to determine the need for implementing an EQA program for PSA in Nigeria.

Methods: We used mixed-method design to collect data from 6 tertiary hospitals across the six regions in Nigeria. We conducted an online survey using a structured questionnaire developed from the International Standard Organization (ISO) 15189 checklist for accreditation of diagnostic laboratories. Responses were analyzed to obtain descriptive categorical data that was analyzed on Microsoft Excel. Using an in-depth interview guide, 12 respondents (6 Urologists and 6 Chemical Pathologists) from sampled hospitals were interviewed virtually. Responses were recorded and transcribed and relevant themes were identified and generated from the transcribed data.

Results: Five of six laboratories sampled (83%) reported conducting repeat PSA testing. No sampled lab (0%) was enrolled in an EQA program for PSA. Eleven of the twelve respondents confirmed occasional disparities between PSA results and patient’s clinical status. They gave the impact of an erroneous PSA result on patient care as: extra unnecessary cost to the patient due to repeat testing; delay in decision making and initiating appropriate treatment; unnecessary invasive procedures. Training of lab staff, adoption of standard operating procedures and quality measures for EQA were considered opportunities to encourage PSA EQA practice while lack of funds for EQA programs, weak logistics for distribution of EQA samples and results, poor staff motivation and commitment were mentioned as barriers to effective practice uptake.

Conclusion: There is a clear need for the implementation of an EQA program for PSA in Nigeria. This will reduce the incidence of incongruous PSA results, thus promoting better clinician approach to disease treatment and better patient outcomes especially in resource-constrained environments.

Citation Format: Ifeyinwa Nnakenyi, Tonia Onyeka, Ngozi Idemili-Aronu1, Justus Onu, Echezona Ezeanolue. External Quality Assessment for Prostate Specific Antigen Test Accuracy: A Needs Assessment of Nigerian Tertiary Hospitals [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 38.
Abstract 40: Global Cancer Surgery in Low-Resource Settings: A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats Analysis
Authors: Sadler Samantha , Torio Erick , Golby Alexandra
Published: June 2023

Background: Cancer surgery is a resource-intensive yet essential component of cancer care. In the face of projected increase in cancer burden, the present gap in cancer surgery care in low-resource settings with stressed healthcare and surgical infrastructure risks further exacerbation. Understanding the current state of global cancer surgery is essential to determining the best way forward.

Purpose: The objectives of this report are to (1) describe the landscape of global cancer surgery literature and (2) characterize these findings through a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis.

Methods: A literature review was performed of global cancer surgery studies involving low-resource settings published since the landmark 2015 Lancet Commission on Global Surgery and Global Cancer Surgery. Studies were summarized and evaluated for themes, which were further grouped into SWOT categories for analysis.

Results: The online literature search yielded 123 articles, of which 46 articles met inclusion criteria for analysis. The majority of included studies were open access (n=34) and published between 2021 and 2022 (n=26).

Conclusion: The body of published global cancer surgery literature is growing, perhaps reflecting increased research attention and valuation. From the reviewed literature, Strengths of the global cancer surgery field include a body of studies investigating important aspects of cancer surgery in low-resource settings: local cancer epidemiology, local surgical and technological innovation, quality-of-life as a key surgical outcome metric, and advancements in cancer surgery through interdisciplinary work. Weaknesses include systems-level limitations (i.e. resources, perioperative services, broader health system gaps) and a paucity of detailed economic analyses. Opportunities include diverse local cancer management strategies, successful inter-setting collaborations supporting research, education, and surgical skills training, and thoughtful research expansion for an inclusive future. Threats include large-scale stresses on local healthcare infrastructure (i.e. COVID-19) and the risk of widening disparities posed by unchecked technological. Conclusion: This SWOT analysis may inform local intervention strategies and action plans to help LMIC stakeholders achieve cancer surgery goals. Similar analyses are needed locally to help elucidate best practices that might be applied or tailored to similar settings globally.

Citation Format: Samantha Sadler, Erick Torio, Alexandra Golby. Global Cancer Surgery in Low-Resource Settings: A Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats Analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 40.
Abstract 51: Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric and Adolescent Cancer Care in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Rice Hannah , Majaliwa Esther , Cotache-Condor Cesia , Gwanika Yotham , Chao Nelson , Schroeder Kristin , Rice Henry , Staton Catherine , Mmbaga Blandina , Smith Emily
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have an increasing burden of pediatric cancer cases over recent years. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic further strained healthcare systems, presenting unique challenges for children requiring cancer care. The aim of this study was to assess differences in diagnoses, treatments, and outcomes of pediatric cancer patients before and during the COVID pandemic in Northern Tanzania.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed the demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric and adolescent cancer patients (ages 0-18 years old) between 2016 and 2021 using the population-based Kilimanjaro Cancer Registry (KMCR). We categorized data into pre-COVID (2016-2019) and COVID (2020-2021) eras to perform descriptive analysis of the diagnosis, treatment, and demographic information before and during the COVID pandemic. We conducted inferential statistical analyses to compare all demographic and clinical variables, and used chi-square statistics for categorical variables with significance set at p<0.05. A secondary analysis was conducted on a subset of 101 children for whom cancer stage at diagnosis was recorded. This study received approval by the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) and Duke University Institutional Review Boards and the National Institute for Medical Research.

Results: Among the 417 patients included in this study, a higher proportion of patients during the COVID pandemic were diagnosed with hematological malignancies (48.2%) compared to patients diagnosed during the pre-COVID era (42.9%). Rates of chemotherapy (71.7%) and radiotherapy (6.8%) were lower during the pandemic compared to pre-COVID cases (83.8% and 9.6%, respectively), while rates of surgical treatments increased from 14.6% to 19.6% after 2019. However, only rates of chemotherapy were significantly different between pre-COVID and COVID era cases.

Conclusion: Pediatric cancer care has changed in Tanzania during the COVID pandemic, with higher rates of hematologic malignancies and surgical therapies, but lower rates of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Understanding the impact of the COVID pandemic on pediatric cancer care can help us better adapt healthcare systems and interventions to the emerging needs of children experiencing the compounding effects of cancer treatment and the global COVID crisis.

Citation Format: Hannah Rice, Esther Majaliwa, Cesia Cotache-Condor, Yotham Gwanika, Nelson Chao, Kristin Schroeder, Henry Rice, Catherine Staton, Blandina Mmbaga, Emily Smith. Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric and Adolescent Cancer Care in Northern Tanzania [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 51.
Abstract 54: Influence of Neuro Oncology Capacity Development on Diagnosis of Pediatric Primary CNS Tumors in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Schroeder Kristin , Kerley Taryn , Lubuulwa James , Magambo Margreth , Kamanga Jacqueline , Joas Heronima
Published: June 2023

Purpose: The diagnosis of CNS tumors requires a multidisciplinary team including oncologists, neurosurgeons, radiologists and pathologists. We review the impact of expanding diagnostic capacity on the identification and diagnosis of primary pediatric CNS tumors at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC), the regional cancer referral hospital in the lake zone region of Mwanza Tanzania.

Methods: Patients who presented to BMC from 2016-2022 and received a radiographic or pathologic diagnosis of primary brain or spinal cord tumor were included a CNS tumor registry. Collected data included basic demographics, most specific diagnosis, and diagnostic method. Data was measured and compared before and after initiating key capacity development milestones: 2018 – installation of CT scan, 2020 – arrival of neurosurgical specialist, 2021 – initiation of multidisciplinary tumor board and WhatsApp chat.

Results: A total of 7 spinal and 71 brain tumors were diagnosed among patients aged < 18yo, with (46%) female (n=31) and average age of 7 years. The number of cases per year increased from 3 in 2016, to 17 in 2022. Prior to availability of CT scan (2016-2017), there were an average of 2.5 cases/year, compared to 14.6/year in 2018-2022. With the arrival of the neurosurgeon in 2020, the number of diagnoses/year increased from 11 to 20 from the year prior, but only 50% of patients had a confirmed radiologic or histologic diagnosis. Following initiation of Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Discussion and WhatsApp group, 88% of patients registered in 2022 had a radiographic or histologic diagnosis.

Conclusion: This retrospective study demonstrated the step wise influence of key development milestones on the diagnostic capacity for CNS tumors in a LMIC. While introduction of CNS imaging allowed the identification of more tumors, the multidisciplinary team discussion of the imaging, clinical presentation and pathology results had the greatest overall impact on diagnostic capacity in our setting and should be a key component in future program development.

Citation Format: Kristin Schroeder, Taryn Kerley, James Lubuulwa, Margreth Magambo, Jacqueline Kamanga, Heronima Joas. Influence of Neuro Oncology Capacity Development on Diagnosis of Pediatric Primary CNS Tumors in Northern Tanzania [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 54.
Abstract 56: Integrated Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention: What is the Cost of Cost Reduction?
Authors: Lawal Ishak , Shinkafi-Bagudu Zainab , Koko Nuhu , Mohammad Jamilu , Rano Abdullahi Bala , Suleiman Kabir Aliyu
Published: June 2023

Purpose: coupling of breast and cervical cancer prevention has been proposed as a possible low hanging fruit to accelerate simultaneous reduction in burden of both cancers in low resource settings but unfortunately the evidence on effectiveness of such strategy is limited. We have therefore documented and compared the implementation processes of 2 intervention programs in low resource settings with the aim of catalyzing further research into the effectiveness of coupling prevention of breast and cervical cancer in low resource settings.

Methods: Action research model was adopted in the implementation of coupling of breast cancer prevention strategies onto cervical cancer screening programs that End Cervical Cancer Nigeria Initiative (ECCNI) is involved in. This study compared the implementation processes and outcomes of leveraging two cervical cancer screening programs to prevent breast cancer in Kebbi State of Nigeria. Budget impact of the programs was projected and compared.

Results: Two thousand four hundred and sixty-six (2,466) women were screened for cervical cancer across 10healthcare facilities under the WHO/CHAI/MCF supported pilot HPV screening in Kebbi State while the number of women who had clinical breast examination could not be ascertained. At the police cottage hospital, 125 women were screened for cervical cancer using VIA and 131 women had clinical breast examination within the reporting period. The estimated financial cost of implementation (excluding economic cost) per center was $4,550 for cervical cancer screening and $1,850 for clinical breast examination-based prevention program. The implementation cost for the integrated breast and cervical cancer screening at the police cottage hospital was $4,550, implying that no additional funding is required to leverage clinical breast examination on budgeted cervical cancer screening at the primary healthcare level.

Conclusion: Integrated breast and cervical cancer prevention is a confirmed cost reducing strategy but further research is needed to determine cost effectiveness of the strategy.

Citation Format: Ishak Lawal, Zainab Shinkafi-Bagudu, Nuhu Koko, Jamilu Mohammad, Abdullahi Bala Rano, Kabir Aliyu Suleiman. Integrated Breast and Cervical Cancer Prevention: What is the Cost of Cost Reduction? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 56.
Abstract 65: Oral Health Inequalities Among Tobacco Users in the Tea Plantation Workers, Nilgiri Hills, Tamilnadu, India
Authors: Francis Delfin Lovelina
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Tea is an important agro-industry of India, which contributes immensely to the countries economy. Poor socio-economic conditions, ignorance due to illiteracy, over-crowded and unhygienic living conditions in the residential colonies make tea garden population vulnerable. Hence this study was contemplated with an aim to assess the oral health status, tobacco use and cancer awareness among tea plantation workers, Nilgiri Hills, Tamil Nadu, India.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to assess the prevalence of head and neck cancers among tobacco use and cancer awareness among tea plantation workers, Nilgiri Hills. Data was collected using a pretested Questionnaire, which included Demographic data, tobacco habits, its frequency and form. Oral examination for potentially malignant and cancerous lesions was done by the examiner. The data collected was analysed using SPSS version 21.

Results: Results showed that among 900 study population, 57% had no formal education, 64.5% had indigenous brushing habits. Of those who had the habit of smoking, 26% smoked beedi, 10.9% smoked cigarette, 65% chewed raw tobacco, 18% chewed Hans and 28% had a combination of smoking and smokeless tobacco usage. 52% of oral mucosal and potentially malignant lesions, 6% oral cancers were observed. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in the study population was due to tobacco usage and lack of awareness regarding the deleterious effects of the products used.

Conclusion: The dangers from smoking and chewing tobacco are well documented within the literature but the public’s lack of knowledge of the risks is a concern. Health professionals are encouraged to ensure that the public is made aware of these risks, especially those within high-risk groups.

Citation Format: Delfin Lovelina Francis. Oral Health Inequalities Among Tobacco Users in the Tea Plantation Workers, Nilgiri Hills, Tamilnadu, India [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 65.
Abstract 67: Perceived Factors for Late Diagnosis in Women With Advanced Breast Cancer in Northern Tanzania
Authors: Msoka-Bright Elizabeth , Abraham Mackenzie , Zmijewski Polina , Serventi Furaha , Cyril Perry , Kitali Brenda , Saria Vivian , Kwayu Jackline , Kavishe Adelide , Masenga Gileard , Mmbaga Blandina , Gutnik Lily
Published: June 2023

Purpose: In Tanzania, women often present with advanced stage breast cancer leading to treatment delays and poor outcomes. Factors influencing late hospital presentation of breast cancer have not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to explore patient perception of factors contributing to the late diagnosis of breast cancer.

Methods: Women diagnosed with late- stage breast cancer in an outpatient cancer care center were identified by clinic nurses and recruited for study participation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by a single proctor. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded by three independent reviewers using NVivo 12. Themes were identified using a grounded theory approach.

Results: Twenty patients (10 rural and 10 urban) participated in the interviews. The average age was 56; 11 (55%) completed primary education, 10 (50%) were unemployed, and 5 (25%) were married. Fourteen (70 %) of the patients had stage 4 breast cancer, 3 (15%) had stage 3, and 3 (15%) had stage 2. Nineteen (95%) of our respondents misunderstood the etiology of breast cancer as well as its causes, signs, and symptoms. Misconceptions led to experiences of stigma in 19 (95%) participants. One participant stated: “…I failed to tell people because… once I tell them that I have problem they will start to run away from me and even if you ask for assistance they think that I cannot pay them back because they think they might help me today and I die tomorrow before I pay them back…” Fifteen (75%) of the participants experienced rejection from their partners. Thirteen (65%) participants expressed financial concerns and eighteen (90%) participants were initially treated by a traditional healer, both of which lead to delays in hospital presentation.

Conclusion: Lack of knowledge about breast cancer among patients, societal stigma, lack of spousal support, financial barriers, and initial treatment by traditional healers all contribute to delays in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in Northern Tanzania. Stigma reduction and educational interventions may reduce these delays, and further research is needed to improve access to cancer care in this population.

Citation Format: Elizabeth Msoka-Bright, Mackenzie Abraham, Polina Zmijewski, Furaha Serventi, Perry Cyril, Brenda Kitali, Vivian Saria, Jackline Kwayu, Adelide Kavishe, Gileard Masenga, Blandina Mmbaga, Lily Gutnik. Perceived Factors for Late Diagnosis in Women With Advanced Breast Cancer in Northern Tanzania [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 67.
Abstract 72: Socioeconomic Disparities Across the Cancer Care Continuum in Saint Lucia: A Community-Based Study
Authors: Auguste Aviane , Phillip Dorothy , Gabriel Owen , Catherine James St. , Radix Carlene
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Low socioeconomic status could contribute to insufficient access to care and the high cancer mortality in small developing island states (SIDS). However, disparities in care among cancer survivors are rarely studied in SIDS. We investigated for the first time the socioeconomic disparities across the cancer care continuum in Saint Lucia.

Methods: We used purposive and snowball sampling to recruit adult cancer survivors residing in Saint Lucia. Trained field investigators interviewed survivors face-to-face with a structured questionnaire ascertaining their care experience and health services accessed. We used univariate logistic regressions to estimate odds-ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) measuring the association between socioeconomic status and cancer care. Socioeconomic status was modelled as binary outcome variables: educational level, private medical insurance and hot water at home (a proxy for income in Saint Lucia).

Results: We included 50 survivors (13 men, 37 women). The majority of survivors were black, and diagnosed with breast and prostate cancer. Survivors who were satisfied with the information provided during their diagnosis announcement were more likely to have hot water (OR=5.0, 95% CI=1.3-19.0). Concerning, sources of funds for treatment, private medical insurance and hot water were associated respectively with less financial contributions from family/friends (OR=0.2, 95% CI=0.1-0.9) and greater use of their own funds (OR=3.3, 95% CI=0.9-15.0). Patients who were provided with doctor’s contact information in case of concerns were more likely to have more than primary education (OR=6.3, 95% CI=1.3-31.1) and private medical insurance (OR=12.3, 95% CI=1.4-111.6). Overseas travel for cancer treatment was significantly associated with having private health insurance (OR=3.4, 95% CI=0.9-12.7) and hot water (OR=4.5, 95% CI=1.2-16.8). Having more than primary school education was associated with better perceived care experience (OR=13.5, 95% CI=2.2-84.0). Having private medical insurance was associated with greater access to supportive care services such as psychologists and physiotherapists (OR=3.6, 95% CI=0.9-14.5).

Conclusion: Despite our small sample size and potential confounding, we showed some evidence of socioeconomic disparities across the cancer care continuum in Saint Lucia. Low socioeconomic status should be taken into account when considering interventions to reduce of cancer mortality in SIDS.

Citation Format: Aviane Auguste, Dorothy Phillip, Owen Gabriel, James St. Catherine, Carlene Radix. Socioeconomic Disparities Across the Cancer Care Continuum in Saint Lucia: A Community-Based Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 72.
Abstract 76: The “Knowledge-To-Action” Process Model for Cancer Control Stakeholder Engagement for the REBUNG Selangor, Malaysia
Authors: Taib Nur Aishah , Sa’at Hamizah , Hadi Haireen Abdul , Lee Yew Kong , Lai Suat Yan , Lothfi Nurhyikmah , Saad Norhashimi , Chow Suet Yin , Ayadurai Vicky , Jamarish Suniza , See Boon Kiong , Abdullah Zainab , Munisamy Murallitharan , McCarthy Sylvia , Mustapha Wan Hilya Munira , Said Zakiah Mohd , Tamin Nor Saleha Ibrahim , Mustapha Feisul
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Stage at diagnosis for most cancers remains advanced, despite multiple efforts. Situational awareness is critical in implementing projects in the B40 community. REBUNG (Reducing Barriers in Cancer Early Diagnosis in Urban B40 Group) is a multi-sectoral complex intervention that studies a community and the processes of accessing early cancer diagnosis in a single-site urban poor pilot community in Taman Medan, Petaling Jaya.

Methods: The project was guided by the “Knowledge-To-Action” (KTA) process to translate research into ‘real-world’ settings. The processes and dynamics of the health systems, financial support and political landscape were analysed to identify actors and drivers. Consultative engagement minutes, reports and existing cancer control documents were reviewed. These stakeholders were engaged through iterative meetings to invite them to participate in the REBUNG project and identify their roles. Snowballing technique was used to recruit decision-makers and program implementers.

Results: Sixty-two stakeholders made of health professionals, administrators, and organisations were pooled from 44 consultative meeting minutes. Manual methods were used to organise the themes. Theme 1: Main Stakeholders, Theme 2: Roles and Responsibilities, Theme 3: Changes in Roles and Processes. Through stakeholder management, community health promotion activities and optimal care pathways were supported by established cancer NGOs, community leaders and private and MOH health facilities.

Conclusion: REBUNG stakeholder engagement and management co-created access to screening and expedited early cancer diagnosis pathways in the pilot primary care community clinic in the urban B40 community. The sustainability of co-created care pathways would be necessary for structural stability and continuity of expedited early cancer diagnosis care pathways.

Citation Format: Nur Aishah Taib, Hamizah Sa’at, Haireen Abdul Hadi, Yew Kong Lee, Suat Yan Lai, Nurhyikmah Lothfi, Norhashimi Saad, Suet Yin Chow, Vicky Ayadurai, Suniza Jamarish, Boon Kiong See, Zainab Abdullah, Murallitharan Munisamy, Sylvia McCarthy, Wan Hilya Munira Mustapha, Zakiah Mohd Said, Nor Saleha Ibrahim Tamin, Feisul Mustapha. The “Knowledge-To-Action” Process Model for Cancer Control Stakeholder Engagement for the REBUNG Selangor, Malaysia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 76.
Abstract 78: The Clinicopathological and Psychosocial Profile of A Cohort of Nigerian Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Wuraola Funmiola , Olasehinde Olalekan , Bernardo Matteo Di , Mango Victoria , Kingham T Peter , Adisa Adewale , Alatise Olusegun
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Breast cancer survivors are a distinct category of patients with peculiar characteristics and needs. The population of survivors is expected to increase given the rising incidence of breast cancer in Nigeria, and the improvements in breast cancer outcomes. This study evaluated the clinicopathologic characteristics and the psychosocial experiences of a cohort of Nigerian breast cancer survivors.

Methods: From an institutional breast cancer database, patients managed between January 2010 and December 2016 were evaluated. Clinico-pathological characteristics, treatment details, and survival estimates were assessed. These were compared to non-survivors managed during the same period. Survivors were defined as those who have been alive for at least 5 years from the date of presentation.

Qualitatively, a purposive sample of 20 survivors was evaluated using one-on-one in-depth interviews to assess their experiences and coping mechanisms following treatment.

Results: Of the 355 patients in the database during the study period, there were 163 survivors (45.9%), while 192 (54.1%) died. Age, stage at presentation, tumor size, and receipt of multiple treatment modalities were significantly associated with survival.

Six themes were identified in qualitative analysis: Initial reaction to diagnosis, Disclosures, Experiences during treatment, Social support, Coping strategies, and Advocacy. Strong family support and spirituality were prominent coping strategies identified in this cohort.

Conclusion: Despite obvious infrastructural and man power limitations, Nigerian patients who present early and receive multimodal therapy and different breast cancer treatments have better odds of survival. Survivors have some unmet psychosocial and physical needs requiring intervention.

Citation Format: Funmiola Wuraola, Olalekan Olasehinde, Matteo Di Bernardo, Victoria Mango, T Peter Kingham, Adewale Adisa, Olusegun Alatise. The Clinicopathological and Psychosocial Profile of A Cohort of Nigerian Breast Cancer Survivors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 78.
Abstract 8: Assessment of Oesophageal Cancer Risk Factor in Age Sex Matched Case Control Study by Using Conditional Logistic Regression in the State of Assam, North East, India
Authors: Kalita Biraj , Anand Ksh Singh
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Oesophageal cancer is one of the major type of neoplasm which have high rate incidence and mortality around the world, especially in the State of Assam of India it is major cause of concern, as the region witness increases of cases over the years, the region is known for its diversity as there are more than 100 ethnic group present which linked to different social, cultural habits and consumption pattern, previous reports found that the region has the habits of consumption of different variety of tobacco product,self prepared tobacco variety along with commercial one have widespread used in this communities.

Methods: The study is a Hospital based case control study, total 200 samples with 100 cases and 100 control subjects are selected for the study. Deviation of up to 5 years is adjusted in the control subject to construct age sex matched model. The questionnaire is self administrated in nature.

Results: The study found that the average age of the oesophageal cancer patient was 51.8 years (95% CI 50.52-58.20) .The factors which have found to be significantly impacted on the Incidence of oesophageal cancer are as Smoked form of tobacco (OR 2.344,CI 1.0234-5.567,P-value 0.038) while breakdown between above 40 Age group and below 40 age group,the population above 40 groups are have higher risk of Incidence to cancer among the tobacco user,Chilli (OR 1.870,CI 0.687-3.569,P-value 0.023), Spicy level (OR 1.435,CI 0.0.323-4.568,P-value 0.047), Betel Nut (OR 3.256,CI 1.235-5.567,P-value 0.015), when comparison is done on this risk factor between above 40 Age group and below it the consumption pattern of Betel Nut (61%),number of Tooth lose(73%) and Hot tea use (66%) are observed higher among the above 40 year age group. the synergistic index of Smoking habits with Alcohol use, Betel nut consumption and Consumption of Smokeless form of Tobacco is seen an increase in odd risk from 3 - 17%.

Conclusion: Oesophageal cancer have great burden in the health care sector and have consequence on economic sector as more resource need to divert to care of the people, it is better to have a well-developed and well equipped infrastructure for the ease of treatment, and possibly mass screening camp and awareness mainly focus towards Tobacco consumption behavior and knowledge regarding various act to make people aware general consensus regarding its harmful effect.

Citation Format: Biraj Kalita, Ksh Singh Anand. Assessment of Oesophageal Cancer Risk Factor in Age Sex Matched Case Control Study by Using Conditional Logistic Regression in the State of Assam, North East, India [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 8.
Abstract 84: The Process of Setting Up an Inter-Country Cancer Care Program in Low-And-Middle-Income Countries: A Case of International Cancer Institute’s Uganda Blueprint for Innovative Healthcare Access Program
Authors: Kitur Gloria , Makori Kevin , Asirwa Chite
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Close to 70% of all cancer deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with the rising cancer burden causing a strain on the already weak health care and economic infrastructures. The extrapolation of the experiences of cancer control programs in High Income Countries (HICs) to LMICs is often inappropriate requiring a regional scale up of successfully implemented cancer programs across LMICs.

Methods: International Cancer Institute (ICI) is a non-governmental, not-for-profit organization whose main purpose is to expand education and training opportunities in cancer care, education and research across Sub-Saharan Africa through multisectoral corroborations and partnerships. ICI successfully implemented two Blueprint programs in Kenya thus sought to scale up the program to Western Uganda. An online search of key players in Cancer care in Uganda was conducted that identified six potential partners including Ministry of Health – Uganda, Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI), Uganda Cancer Society (UCS), Uganda Non-communicable Diseases Alliance (UNCDA), Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital and Mbarara University of Science and Technology. Virtual meetings were held with two of them with a site visit scheduled for face-to-face meetings.

Results: ICI team met with UCS and UNCDA teams in Uganda where contacts of other potential partners were obtained resulting in face-to-face meetings with UCI; Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital; Ministry of Health Western Uganda; District leadership of Western Uganda; Kampala International University Teaching Hospital; and Kampala International University, Western Campus. An assessment of the scope of districts of focus, distribution of facilities and the health system structure was done. A technical working group with representatives from ICI and the identified partners will then be formed to guide program design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

Conclusion: The process of setting up a cancer care program in LMICs applies not only new innovations but also resource appropriate interventions. Leveraging on existing partner expertise maximizes positive program outcomes.

Citation Format: Gloria Kitur, Kevin Makori, Chite Asirwa. The Process of Setting Up an Inter-Country Cancer Care Program in Low-And-Middle-Income Countries: A Case of International Cancer Institute’s Uganda Blueprint for Innovative Healthcare Access Program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 11th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Closing the Research-to-Implementation Gap; 2023 Apr 4-6. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 84.