bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pencapaian Kemandirian Operasional Melalui Pengelolaan Aset Di Pondok Pesantren Annuqayah
Authors: Priandhika Rendri Pratama Wahyu , Nafik H.R Muhammad
Published: October 2020

Boarding school is currently experiencing rapid development. this can be evidenced by the increasing number of boarding schools each year are offset by the growing number of students. The method used is qualitative approach with the strategy case study. The collection of data that is passed is the interview to the informan, the leader of Islamic boarding school, the leader of foundation, chairman of the cooperative Islamic boarding school, as well as the collection of secondary data derived from the documents relating to asset management of Annuqayah Islamic boarding school. Research purposes to determine capital asset management in operational independence. The analysis technique used is the technique of manufacture of explanation with narrating the interviews with informants. Results from this study is optimally manage assets can make Annuqayah Islamic boarding school financially independent. Revenues that received from manage assets can assist in building new facilities which has been using grants.
Pengaruh Indikator Makro Ekonomi: Infasi Dan Nilai Tukar Rupiah Terhadap Jumlah Zakat Terkumpul Di Lembaga Amil Zakat Dompet Dhuafa Periode 1997-2013
Authors: Dwitama Rio Budi , Widiastuti Tika
Published: October 2020

The The purpose of this study was to know the effect of rupiah exchange rate and inflation on the amount of zakah in amil zakah foundation dompet dhuafa period 1997-2013. The approach research that is used is quantitative with multiple linear regression analysis technique. The dependent variable used is the amount of zakah, while the independent variables, rupiah exchange rate and inflation. Determination of the number of samples using non probability sampling with saturated sample method, that all of the population used as sample. Data that being used was secondary data. T test result stated that rupiah exchange rate and inflation has an effect not significant on the amount of zakah. F test result state that simultaneously the rupiah exchange rate and inflation has an effect not significant on the amount of zakah in Amil Zakah Foundation Dompet Dhuafa period 1997-2013.
Usaha Meminimalkan Risiko Pembiayaan Pada Pegadaian Syariah
Authors: Nurbanatra Romadzuhri , Nafik H.R Muhammad
Published: October 2020

This research adopts a qualitative approach with a study case methodology. Data collection is done through personal interviews with informants, who are the head of branch, marketing staffs, administration staffs and clients of Pegadaian branch Blauran, Surabaya. Secondary data is also collected from documents pertinent to risk mitigation in Islamic Pawnshop (Pegadaian). The technique of analysis employed in this research is the Pattern-Matching technique accompanied with the narration of results of the interviews Results from this research suggest that the mitigation of funding risks have not been optimized in Islamic Pawnshop (Pegadaian). The risk mitigation process has only been formalities done withoutevaluation in order to comply with the standard procedures. Thus said, funding risks in Islamic pawnshop have not yet been optimally mitigated.
Determinan Financing to Deposit Ratio Bank Umum Syariah di Indonesia Periode 2012-2015
Authors: Prakoso Didit , Hendratmi Achsania
Published: October 2020

The research aimed to know the influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Return on Assets (ROA) and Size of the Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR) Islamic Banks in Indonesia by using 11 Islamic Banks registered at Bank Indonesia the period 2012 to 2015 as samples. The research used a quantitative approach method. The analysis technique used multiple linearregression analysis and the equation is Y = 0,330 + 1,294(CAR) – 5,931(ROA) + 0,028 (Size). Based on the result of t-test (partial), CAR, ROA and Size significantly affects of FDR with the results of each 6,727, -2,831, 2,564. While the results of f-test (simultant) showed that CAR, ROA and Size significant effect on of FDR with a significance value 0.000. the coefficient of determination shows the value of R-Square (R2) of 54.0%. while the remains of 46% wasexplained by other variables outside the model.
Analisis Pengaruh Jangka Pendek dan Jangka Panjang Nilai Tukar dan Tingkat Imbalan SBIS Terhadap Inflasi di Indonesia Periode Januari 2009-Desember 2015
Authors: Megasari Tania , Widiastuti Tika
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of the exchange rate, and the return rate of Bank Indonesia Sharia Certificate (SBIS) on inflation in Indonesia during the period January 2009 to December 2015. The approach used in this research is quantitative research using Error Correction Model (ECM) by Eviews program 8. The data used are secondary data from the official website of Bank Indonesia. The results showed that the Exchange rate and the rate of SBIS have a significant and positive correlation against inflation in the short term and long term during the period January 2009 to December 2015.
Analisis Pengaruh Kinerja Perusahaan Terhadap Pengungkapan ISR Bank Umum Syariah Tahun 2010-2014
Authors: Nadlifiyah Nia Fajriyatun , Laila Nisful
Published: October 2020

The Effect of Corporate Performance Toward of ISR Disclosure for Shariah Commercial Bank (BUS) in Indonesia During 2010-2014. This research aims to find out the effect of corporate performance toward of ISR disclosure for Shariah Commercial Bank. Population in this study are all Shariah Commercial Bank in Indonesia During 2010-2014. The total number of sample in this study were seven Shariah Commercial Bank with method is purposive sampling. This research used content analysis method to analysis ISR disclosure bank’s to annual report. This research uses panel data regression analysis technique. The result shows that simultaneously the company size, company age, profitability, and liquidity have significant effect toward of ISR disclosure. Company Age and profitability partially have significant effect toward of ISR disclosure, while company size, and liquidity partially doesn’t have significant effect toward of ISR disclosure.
Deskripsi Penerapan Kaidah Konsumsi Islami Menurut Al-Haritsi Pada Anggota Paguyuban Cak dan Ning Surabaya 2015
Authors: Hermawan Andrew , Hasib Fatin Fadhilah
Published: October 2020

The aim of this research is to describe the behavior of the member of Cak dan Ning Surabaya association in 2015 based on the Islamic consumption behavior theory Al-Haritsi, namely, syari’ah rules, quantity rules, social rules and environmental rules. This study is using descriptive qualitative participative approach to conduct the goals. The units of the analysis in this study are the rule of syari’ah rules, quantity rules, social rules and environmental rules. There are three informants involved in this study who are also the members of the association of Cak and Ning Surabaya 2015. Data triangulation technique is used to ascertain the quality and consistency of data. The technique of analysis which is used is qualitative data analysis according to Miles and Huberman. The results showed that members of the association have implemented syari’ah rules, also apply most of the rules of quantity, social norms, and implementing environmental rules.
Pengaruh Variabel Makro Ekonomi Terhadap Nilai Aktiva Bersih (NAB) Reksadana Syariah di Indonesia
Authors: Miha Choirum , Laila Nisful
Published: October 2020

This research aims to determine the influence of macroeconomic variables affect Net Asset Value of Islamic Mutual Fund partially and simultaneously in Indonesia. The research also uses multiple regression analysis technique. The sample used for this research is obtained from monthly statistic data of Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, statistic of Bank Indonesia, and statistic of Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources which had been published online from January 2009 to November 2015. The result of this research shows that partially, the inflation affects NAV of Islamic Mutual Fund insignificantly, interest rate affects NAV of Islamic Mutual Fund insignificantly, currency exchange rate affects NAV of Islamic Mutual Fund insignificantly, money supply affects NAV of Islamic Mutual Fund significantly, and Indonesia Crude Price affects NAV of Islamic Mutual Fund significantly. Simultaneously, all exogenous variables affect NAV of Islamic Mutual Fund in Indonesia.
Analisis Pembiayaan Akad Mudharabah dan Musyarakah di Bank Syariah (Studi Kasus Bank BTN Syariah)
Authors: Astono Muhammad Habibi , Septiarini Dina Fitrisia
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine how the analysis process for the results of financing agreement in Islamic banks (Bank BTN Syariah case study). The results showed that of the theory 5C, Bank BTN Syariah using 4C theory (Character, Capacity, Capital, Collateral) or the so-called four pillars. As for the theory 6A (Analysis of Legal Aspects, Analysis Marketing Aspect, Aspect Analysis Technical Analysis Aspects of Management, Analysis of Financial Aspect, Aspect Analysis Socioeconomic) the Bank BTN Syariah overall use of the theory. Risk mitigation strategies of financing and loss at Bank BTN Syariah divided into two types namely risk strategy proactive and reactive risk strategy . Proactive risk strategy carried out by the analysis of the character , financial capability and guarantees borrowers. Reactive risk strategy carried out by the approach of friendship , rescheduling and restructuring measures, as well as the withdrawal of the guarantee.
Model Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Mualaf Oleh Lembaga Amil Zakat: Studi Kasus LAZ BMH Pada Mualaf Suku Tengger
Authors: Ramadhanu Andika , Widiastuti Tika
Published: October 2020

The study aims to understand the economic empowerment model of Muslim converts by amil zakat institution, taking what LAZ BMH has done to Tengger’s Muslim converts as study case. Using qualitative descriptive approach with study case, the data collected through interviews with empowerment manager of BMH, Tengger’s Muslim converts, and the preacher, direct participatory observation, as well as documentation. In validating the data, this study uses data triangulation technique before analyzing through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that BMH has a role in economic empowerment of Tengger’s Muslim converts. It could be seen through their resurgent Islamic rituals, still-good relationships with their neighbors, and their success in making ends meet. Not only economically empowered, Tengger’s Muslim converts also become religiously stronger.
Determinan Tingkat Pengangguran di Negara-Negara Organisasi Kerjasama Islam (OKI) dan Negara-Negara Non OKI di Asia Tenggara Periode Tahun 1985-2014 (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Singapura, dan Filipina)
Authors: Masi Abdul Haris , Sukmana Raditya
Published: October 2020

In freetrade, country has to maximize the human resources in order to have quality skills which can compete, so unemployment must be avoid. OIC starts to have concern on this problem. In 2015, OIC held conference in Jakarta which discussed the solution to overcome youth unemployment. This research uses data by the World Bank and Central Agency on Statistics of Indonesia with quantitative approach. The data were analyzed by using panel data analysis. The inflation rate significantly affects the decreasing of the unemployment rate in the Non OIC countries, but does not significantly affect the unemployment rate in the OIC countries. GDP significantly affects the decreasing of the unemployment rate both in the OIC countries and the Non OIC countries. Population significantly affects the increasing of the unemployment rate in The OIC countries and does not significantly affect the unemployment rate in the Non OIC countries.
Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Ala Pondok Pesantren di Kelurahan Kejawan Putih Tambak Surabaya
Authors: Falah Syahrul , Zaki Irham
Published: October 2020

This research is aim to describe the role of Islamic Boarding School of Hidayatullah Surabaya in empowering community economic activity around it. This research is using qualitative approach with study case strategy. Analitical technique is based on theoritical preposition, that followed the theoritical preposition which guide the case of study. Validation technique of data is using sources triangulation technique, which is examine the credibillity of data by crosschecking it within several sources. Data collecting is conducted by interviews, observation, and documentation. The result of this research show there is a role of Islamic Boarding School Hidayatullah for empowering the economic activity of the communnity among the area, which is creating job opportunities; creating an partnership between Islamic boarding school and coummunity around it; a social responsibility showed by counseling, training, and accompaniment activities doing by the islamic boarding school to the community members which are needed.
Hubungan Antara Tipe Kepribadian, Bauran Pemasaran Jasa dan Niat Membeli Ulang
Authors: Rizki Deri Rachmat , Hendratmi Achsania
Published: October 2020

This research aims to know the influence of personality types against perception, perception of services marketing mix the marketing mix of services against the intention to buy back products fashions in Rabbani and personality types against the intention to buy back products fashions at Rabbani. The subject of this research is the intention to buy back products fashions at Rabbani. The type of the data being used is the primary data with 149 correspondents. This research method using quantitative methods with technical analysis path. The results showed that the personality types have no effect significantly to perceptions of service marketing mix. However, the perception of service marketing mix positive significant effect against the intention of buying it back. And personality type back has no effect against the intention of buying it back.
Penerapan Teknik Analytical Hierarchi Process (AHP) Dalam Penentuan Probabilitas dan Dampak Risiko Pada Lembaga Amil Zakat di Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Primanatara Ersandhi , Hasib Fatin Fadhilah
Published: October 2020

Analysis Determination Of Probability And Risk Impact On LembagaAmil Zakat inGresik By Using Analytical Hierarchi Process (AHP) Techniques.From this research showed: 1) the criteria of reputation risk and loss probabilities muzaki are criteria that most frequently occur, while operational risk criteria are criteria that have the most impact happen; 2) Subcriteria of reputation risk and loss of muzaki the probability most common is the lack of support from regional leaders , while the sub-criteria that have the most impact if there is also the risk of lack of support from regional leaders; 3) Sub criteria for operational risk probability is the most common risk mustahik recruitment, while the sub-criteria that have the most impact if there is also a risk of recruitment mustahik; 4) Sub-risk criteria that have a probability distribution of the most common is muzaki want zakat funds channeled to the area where he lives, while the sub-criteria that have the most impact if there is a risk of the target complement mustahik.he use of other analytical techniques are highly recommended for further research to obtain significant values of the risks that occur in amil zakat institutions, sothat it can be seen also injurious.
Hubungan Sektor Transportasi dan Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Pada Negara Anggota Organisasi Kerjasama Islam (OKI) Dengan Menggunakan Analisis Kausalitas Granger Tahun 1986-2015
Authors: Subbaniyah Baiatus , Fauzy Moh. Qudsi
Published: October 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship of reciprocity between the transport sector and the GDP on the State member of the OIC. This study uses air transportation of cargo and passengers and GDP using the income calculations. The population in this study is a State member of the OIC, the number of samples used are15 countries in 1986-2015. The analytical method used in this research is by using the Granger Causality. The results showed that there is a reciprocal relationship between the transport sector and the GDP in two OIC member countries, there are Mozambique and Tunisia, and there is a unidirectional relationship in three OIC member countries,there are Egypt. Arab Rep, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, and also 10 other OIC member countries, there are Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Jordan, Malaysia, Morocco, Sudan, Suriname, Turkey and Uganda there is no relationship between the transport sector and GDP.
PENENTUAN INVESTASI BERDASARKAN TINGKAT RISIKO PADA SAHAM SYARIAH, REKSADANA SYARIAH, DAN EMAS PERIODE 2011-2015
Authors: Fitri Ayu , Septiarini Dina Fitrisia
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference of rate of risk on islamic stock, islamic mutual fund, and gold period 2011-2015. It uses quantitative approach by using Kruskal Wallis test. The sample collecting method used purposive sampling. This study was used secondary data that was collected from official websites of Indonesia Stock Exchange, PT BNP Paribas, and Price Gold. Data used was historical data from JII index, NAV per unit BNP Paribas Pesona Syariah, and gold price. The result Kruskal-Wallis test show that there was significant difference of rate of risk on islamic stock, islamic mutual fund, and gold. But, when used Mann-Whitney next test show that there was no significant difference on Islamic stock. The result of this study proved that islamic stock was more best than gold and islamic mutual fund
Vibration Behaviour Control of a Fabricated One-Passenger Electric Vehicle with Either Mechanical or Air Suspension
Authors: Abouel-seoud Shawki A.
Published: October 2020

Vehicle vibration transmission associated with the dynamic system depends on the frequency and direction of the input motion and the characteristics of vehicle suspension system and the seat from which the vibration exposure is received. A fabricated one-passenger electric vehicle equipped by a coil spring (mechanical) suspension system is introduced in this study. An air suspension system is used to replace the coil spring suspension system to improve ride comfort performance and intelligent classical adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system controller is used to control the vehicle seat performance parameters. Accelerometers are mounted on the seat pan and seat base (floor) when measuring vertical acceleration. Data is frequently weighted according to standard BS 6841 in order to model the human response to vibration in terms of location and direction. The Simulink model is developed in Matlab software with the adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system controller for the vehicle seat weighted vibration acceleration control. The results indicate that the predicted vibration acceleration can track the target vibration acceleration very well. Moreover, the values of the crest factor and kurtosis for the vehicle equipped by air suspension system are lower than those for the vehicle equipped by mechanical suspension system. Furthermore, the seat effective amplitude transmissibility for the fabricated vehicle with air suspension behaves lower value than that for mechanical suspension.
Study of Pasture Productivity for Semi-Intensive Cattle System during Dry Season in the South Konawe Regency, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Sulfiar Ahmat Endang Two , Atmoko Bayu Andri , Guntoro Budi , Budisatria I Gede Suparta
Published: October 2020

This study was aimed to evaluate the characteristics and productivity of pasture for semi-intensive cattle system in South Konawe Regency during dry season. The study was conducted in August-September 2019 as dry season based on the weather condition and was determine by Department of Statistics Center of South Konawe Regency. A total of 55 selected smallholder farmers in two areas in South Konawe Regency, namely West Ranomento (30) and Konda (25) Districts. Data were obtained by interview to find out the farmers profile and pasture characteristics. Production was measured by forage sampling (1x1m) to calculate annual production. Samples were proximately analyzed to calculate dry matter production and the carrying capacity. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically with an independent sample t-test. The botanical composition in both locations was highly dominated (>90%) by field grasses. The grassland ownership was not different between two areas. Grassland ownership at West Ranomento and Konda were 0.78±0.14 and 0.21±0.04 Ha/farmer, respectively. The pasture production between West Ranomento (2.27±0.10 ton/ha) and Konda District (1.76±0.05 ton/ha) was significantly different (p<0.05),. Pasture production and carrying capacity indicated that conditions in West Ranomento were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to Konda District. The fresh forages production was 10.98±2.26 vs. 2.17±0.51 ton/year, forages that can be consumed was 3.30±0.67 vs. 3.30±0.67ton/year, dry matter production was 0.72±0.15 vs. 0.18±0.04 ton/year and carrying capacity was 0.22±0.04 vs. 0.05±0.01 AU/year respectively. It was concluded that the pasture productivity at the study area during dry season was very low based on productivity and carrying capacity.
Variation in the expression of a transmembrane protein influences cell growth in Arabidopsis thaliana petals by altering auxin responses
Authors: Miller Charlotte N. , Dumenil Jack , Lu Fu Hao , Smith Caroline , McKenzie Neil , Chapman Volodymyr , Ball Joshua , Box Mathew , Bevan Michael Webster
Published: October 2020

AbstractBackground. The same species of plant can exhibit very diverse sizes and shapes of organs that are genetically determined. Characterising genetic variation underlying this morphological diversity is an important objective in evolutionary studies and it also helps identify the functions of genes influencing plant growth and development. Extensive screens of mutagenised Arabidopsis populations have identified multiple genes and mechanisms affecting organ size and shape, but relatively few studies have exploited the rich diversity of natural populations to identify genes involved in growth control. Results. We screened a relatively well characterised collection of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions for variation in petal size. Association analyses identified sequence and gene expression variation on chromosome 4 that made a substantial contribution to differences in petal area. Variation in the expression of a previously uncharacterised gene At4g16850 (named as KSK) had a substantial role on variation in organ size by influencing cell size. Over-expression of KSK led to larger petals with larger cells and promoted the formation of stamenoid features. The expression of auxin-responsive genes known to limit cell growth was reduced in response to KSK over-expression. ANT expression was also reduced in KSK over-expression lines, consistent with altered floral identities. Auxin responses were reduced in KSK over-expressing cells, consistent with changes in auxin-responsive gene expression. KSK may therefore influence auxin responses during petal development.Conclusions. Understanding how genetic variation influences plant growth is important for both evolutionary and mechanistic studies. We used natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana to identify sequence variation in a promoter region of Arabidopsis accessions that mediated differences in the expression of a previously uncharacterised membrane protein. This variation contributed to altered auxin responses and cell size during petal growth.
Longitudinal trajectory of disability in community-dwelling older adults: An observational cohort study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Hae Reong , Lee Hea yon , Seong Yoonje , Lee Eunju , Jung Hee-Won , Park Yu Rang , Jang Il-Young
Published: October 2020

Background: Disability, which is considered a health-related condition, increases care demands and socioeconomic burdens for both families and communities. To confirm the trend of dynamic longitudinal changes in disability, this study aims to explore how disability is divided by the trajectory method, which deals with time-sequenced data. Additionally, this study examines the differences in demographics, geriatric conditions, and time spent at home among the trajectory groups in community-dwelling older adults. Home time is defined as the period during which the patient was not in a hospital or health care facility during their lifetime.Methods: Records of 786 community-dwelling older participants were analyzed from the Aging Study of PyeongChang Rural Area, a population-based cohort study that took place over three years. Using 7 domains of activities of daily living and 10 domains of instrumental activities of daily living, participants were grouped into no dependency (0 disabled domain), mild (1 disabled domain), and severe (2 or more disabled domains) disability groups. The longitudinal trajectory group of disability was calculated as a trajectory method. Three distinct trajectory groups were calculated over time: a relatively-stable group (78.5 %; n=617), a gradually-aggravated group (16.0 %; n=126), and a rapidly-deteriorated group (5.5 %; n=43).Results: The average age of 786 participants was 73.3 years (SD: 5.8), and the percentage of female was 52.7%. It was found that 78.5% of patients showed relatively no dependence and 5.5% of older adults in a rural area showed severe dependence. Through applying the trajectory method, it was shown that the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score was 10.2 points in the relatively-stable group and 3.1 points in the rapidly-deteriorating group by the 3rd year. Additionally, by the trajectory method, the rate of decrease in home time was 3.33% in the rapidly-deteriorated group compared to the relatively-stable group.Conclusions: This study shows the difference in demographics and geriatric conditions (such as SPPB) through the examination of longitudinal trajectory groups of disability in community-dwelling older adults. Significant differences were also found in the amount of home time among the trajectory groups.
ESCRT machinery plays a role in microautophagy in yeast
Authors: Morshed Shamsul , Tasnin Most Naoshia , Ushimaru Takashi
Published: October 2020

Background: Microautophagy, which degrades cargos by direct lysosomal/vacuolar engulfment of cytoplasmic cargos, is promoted after nutrient starvation and the inactivation of target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) protein kinase. In budding yeast, microautophagy has been commonly assessed using processing assays with green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged vacuolar membrane proteins, such as Vph1 and Pho8. The endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) system is proposed to be required for microautophagy, because degradation of vacuolar membrane protein Vph1 was compromised in ESCRT-defective mutants. However, ESCRT is also critical for the vacuolar sorting of most vacuolar proteins, and hence reexamination of the involvement of ESCRT in microautophagic processes is required.Results: Here, we show that the Vph1-GFP processing assay is unsuitable for estimating the involvement of ESCRT in microautophagy, because Vph1-GFP accumulated highly in the prevacuolar class E compartment in ESCRT mutants. In contrast, GFP-Pho8 and Sna4-GFP destined for vacuolar membranes via an alternative adaptor protein-3 (AP-3) pathway, were properly localized on vacuolar membranes in ESCRT-deficient cells. Nevertheless, microautophagic degradation of GFP-Pho8 and Sna4-GFP after TORC1 inactivation was hindered in ESCRT mutants, indicating that ESCRT is indeed required for microautophagy after nutrient starvation and TORC1 inactivation.Conclusions: These findings provide evidence for the direct role of ESCRT in microautophagy induction.
Viral load Guided Immunosuppression after Lung Transplantation (VIGILung) – study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gottlieb Jens , Reuss Alexander , Mayer Konstantin , Weide Karin , Schade-Brittinger Carmen , Hoyer Susanne , Jaksch Peter
Published: October 2020

Background:Immunosuppression including high dose calcineurin-inhibitors (CNI) is essential after lung transplantation. Dosing is usually guided by therapeutic drug monitoring adjusted to target trough levels of CNIs to keep the balance between over-dose causing severe toxicity and increased risk of infections or under-dose with risk of graft-injury.Adaptation of CNI-based immunosuppression by monitoring of Torque-Teno-Virus (TTV) – a latent nonpathogenic DNA virus, measured in whole blood in addition to conventional therapeutic drug monitoring may reduce toxicity of immunosuppression with similar efficacy.Methods/Design:An open-label, randomized, controlled, parallel-group, multicenter trial in lung transplant recipients will be conducted to investigate the safety and efficacy of immunosuppression guided by TTV monitoring as add-on to conventional therapeutic drug monitoring. Adult lung transplant recipients 21 - 42 days after transplantation are eligible to participate. Patients (N = 144) will be randomized 1:1 to the experimental intervention (Arm 1: Immunosuppression guided by TTV monitoring in addition to conventional therapeutic drug monitoring of tacrolimus trough levels) and control intervention (Arm 2: conventional therapeutic drug monitoring). Outcomes will be assessed 12 months after randomization with the change in glomerular filtration rate as the primary endpoint. Secondary endpoints will be additional measurements on renal function, allograft function, incidence of acute rejections, incidence of chronic lung allograft dysfunction, graft loss and infections.Discussion:The results of this randomized controlled trial may reduce toxicity of immunosuppression after lung transplantation while maintaining efficacy of immunosuppression. Study results are transferable to all other solid organ transplantations.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04198506. Registered 12 December 2019, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT04198506
Serum copeptin and zinc-α2-glycoprotein levels are novel biomarkers of tolvaptan treatment in decompensated cirrhotic patients with ascites.
Authors: Shigefuku Ryuta , Iwasa Motoh , Eguchi Akiko , Tempaku Mina , Tamai Yasuyuki , Suzuki Tatsuya , Takei Yoshiyuki
Published: October 2020

Background: The efficacy of tolvaptan, an orally active vasopressin V2-receptor antagonist, has recently been reported in patients with massive ascites unresponsive to conventional diuretics. However, the effect of tolvaptan varies among patients. Recently, the prognostic role of tolvaptan response in decompensated liver cirrhosis (LC) has started to attract more attention. Our aim is to elucidate predictive factors using serum copeptin (vasopressin precursor), zinc-α2-glycoprotein (ZAG), cystatin C (renal biomarker), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and liver-type fatty acid-binding protein (L-FABP) that portend a good response to tolvaptan in LC patients with ascites.Methods: We enrolled 113 LC patients and divided into tolvaptan treatment group and non-treatment group. Tolvaptan (3.75 or 7.5 mg/day) was administrated to 38 LC patients with ascites and a follow-up assessment occurred after a 7-day tolvaptan treatment regimen. Results: We revealed predictive ability for kidney and/or liver damage in serum copeptin, ZAG, cystatin C, NGAL and L-FABP levels in all patients. Post 7-day tolvaptan treatment, 19 patients lost more than 1.5 kg of their body weight (Responders), while 19 patients did not change their body weight significantly (Non-responders). Basal blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (p=0.0014), serum copeptin (p=0.0265) and serum ZAG levels (p=0.0142) were significantly higher in the Non-responders. BUN (odds ratio 7.43, p=0.0306), copeptin (odds ratio 9.12, p=0.0136) and ZAG (odds ratio 7.43, p=0.0306) were determined to be predictive factors of drug responsiveness using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Conclusion: Serum BUN, copeptin and ZAG levels predict patient response to tolvaptan even when measured prior to treatment.
The voltage-gated proton channel Hv1 contributes to neuronal injury and motor deficits in a mouse model of spinal cord injury
Authors: Murugan Madhuvika , Zheng Jiaying , Wu Gongxiong , Mogilevsky Rochelle , Zheng Xin , Hu Peiwen , Wu Junfang , Wu Long-Jun
Published: October 2020

Traumatic injury to the spinal cord initiates a series of pathological cellular processes that exacerbate tissue damage at and beyond the original site of injury. This secondary damage includes oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades that can lead to further neuronal loss and motor deficits. Microglial activation is an essential component of these secondary signaling cascades. The voltage-gated proton channel, Hv1, functionally expressed in microglia has been implicated in microglia polarization and oxidative stress in ischemic stroke. Here, we investigate whether Hv1 mediates microglial/macrophage activation and aggravates secondary damage following spinal cord injury (SCI). Following contusion SCI, wild-type (WT) mice showed significant tissue damage, white matter damage and impaired motor recovery. However, mice lacking Hv1 (Hv1-/-) showed significant white matter sparing and improved motor recovery. The improved motor recovery in Hv1-/- mice was associated with decreased interleukin-1β, reactive oxygen/ nitrogen species production and reduced neuronal loss. Further, deficiency of Hv1 directly influenced microglia activation as noted by decrease in microglia numbers, soma size and reduced outward rectifier K+ current density in Hv1-/- mice compared to WT mice at 7 d following SCI. Our results therefore implicate that Hv1 may be a promising potential therapeutic target to alleviate secondary damage following SCI caused by microglia/macrophage activation.
cFos Ensembles in the Dentate Gyrus Rapidly Segregate Over Time and do not Form a Stable Map of Space
Authors: Lamothe-Molina Paul , Franzelin Andreas , Auksutat Lea , Laprell Laura , Ahlbeck Joachim , Engel Andreas , Kneussel Matthias , Morellini Fabio , Oertner Thomas
Published: October 2020

Mice require several days of training to master the water maze, a spatial memory task for rodents. The hippocampus plays a key role in the formation of spatial and episodic memories, a process that involves the activation of immediate-early genes such as cFos. We trained cFos-reporter mice in the water maze, expecting that consistent spatial behavior would be reflected by consistent cFos patterns across training episodes. Even after extensive training, however, different sets of dentate gyrus (DG) granule cells were activated every day. Suppressing activity in the original encoding ensemble helped mice to learn a novel platform position (reversal learning). Our results suggest that even in a constant environment, cFos+ ensembles in the dorsal DG segregate as a function of time, but become partially reactivated when animals try to access memories of past events.
Gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type: clinicopathological features of eight patients treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Li Chengfang , Wu Xinglong , Yang Shuang , Yang Xiaorong , Yao Jin , Zheng Hong
Published: October 2020

BackgroundGastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type (GA-FG) has been added to the 2019 edition of the World Health Organization’s list of digestive system-associated cancers. This lesion differentiates toward the fundic gland and mostly involves chief cell-predominant differentiation with low-grade cytology. Clinicians and pathologists are still unaware of this rare disease; consequently, some cases are incorrectly diagnosed. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological features of GA-FG using retrospective analyses of endoscopic and pathological findings. Materials and methodsSamples were collected from patients diagnosed with GA-FG. The clinical courses of all patients were monitored prospectively and reviewed retrospectively. Available clinical information, endoscopic features, pathological appearance, and follow-up data were assessed. Immunohistochemistry [mucin (MUC) 2, MUC5, MUC6, P53, CDX2, Ki67, SYN, CD56, CGA, β-catenin, and pepsinogen-I] was examined using Envision two-step method.ResultsEight cases of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) were obtained from our institution. Patient age ranged from 48-80 years (mean, 65 years). Some patients were on acid-suppressing medication. Most lesions were located in the upper third (n = 7) and one was in the middle third of the stomach. Six lesions were of the superficial flat type, whereas two were of the superficial elevated type. Narrow-band imaging using magnifying endoscopy showed irregular microvascular patterns (MVPs) in four cases and regular MVPs in the remaining cases. All lesions were primarily solitary and ~6 mm in diameter (largest, 12 mm). All tumors were localized in the mucosal layer with six cases of invasion into the submucosal layer. Well-formed glands of chief cells were predominant. Tumor cells were positive for pepsinogen-I, MUC6, SYN, and CD56. Lymphatic and vascular infiltration and metastatic and recurrent disease were not observed in any case.CONCLUSIONGA-FG, a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma with mild atypia, can be completely removed using ESD, with a favorable prognosis in patients.
Odor identification in novel olfactory environments is selectively impaired in a mouse model of autism
Authors: LI Yan , Swerdloff Mitchell , She Tianyu , Rahman Asiyah , Sharma Naveen , Shah Reema , Castellano Michael , Mogel Daniel , Wu Jason , Ahmed Asim , Miguel James San , Cohn Jared , Shah Nikesh , Otazu Gonzalo
Published: October 2020

Aversion to novel stimuli in autism affects quality of life. We developed a behavioral paradigm to study the effect of novel background odors on odor discrimination in mouse models of autism. We trained wild type mice to discriminate target odors in known background odors. When tested, mice could discriminate known targets in novel background odors, a task similar to the visual CAPTCHA used to distinguish humans from computers. Using glomerular imaging data, we showed that WT mice used an algorithm that required less training data than a linear classifier or nearest neighbor classifier. The Cntnap2−/− mouse model of autism matched wild type mice performance in the presence of known backgrounds, but performance fell almost to chance levels in the presence of novel backgrounds. Wild-type mice use a robust algorithm for detecting odors in novel environments and this computation is selectively affected in a mouse model of autism.
Detecting Drought Regulators using Stochastic Inference in Bayesian Networks
Authors: Lahiri Aditya , Zhou Lin , He Ping , Datta Aniruddha
Published: October 2020

Background: Drought is a natural hazard that affects crops by inducing water stress. Water stress, induced by drought, accounts for more loss in crop yield than all the other causes combined. With the increasing frequency and intensity of droughts worldwide, it is essential to develop drought-resistant crops to ensure food security. In this paper, we model multiple drought signaling pathways in Arabidopsis using Bayesian networks to identify potential regulators of drought-responsive reporter genes. Genetically intervening at these regulators can help develop drought-resistant crops.Result: We create the Bayesian network model from the biological literature and determine its parameters from publicly available data. We conduct inference on this model using a stochastic simulation technique known as likelihood weighting to determine the best regulators of drought-responsive reporter genes. Our analysis reveals that activating MYC2 or inhibiting ATAF1 are the best single node intervention strategies to regulate the drought-responsive reporter genes. Additionally, we observe simultaneously activating MYC2 and inhibiting ATAF1 is a better strategy.Conclusion: The Bayesian network model indicated that MYC2 and ATAF1 are possible regulators of the drought response. Validation experiments showed that ATAF1 negatively regulated the drought response. Thus intervening at ATAF1 has the potential to create drought-resistant crops.
Definable Two-Dimensional Mesoporous Polydopamine-Graphene Heterostructure as Multi-Functional Ion Redistributor for Ultrastable Sodium Metal Anodes
Authors: Qin Jieqiong , Shi Haodong , Huang Kai , Lu Pengfei , Wen Pengchao , Xing Feifei , Yang Bing , Ye Mao , Yu Yan , Wu Zhong-Shuai
Published: October 2020

Sodium metal batteries are widely acknowledged as one of the most promising low-cost high-energy-density batteries, but limited by uncontrollable dendritic growth and short cyclability. Herein, two-dimensional (2D) mesoporous polydopamine-graphene (mPG) heterostructures with definable pore size and sheet thickness are demonstrated as multi-functional ion redistributors to realize ultrastable, dendrite-free Na metal anodes. Benefitting from abundant sodiophilic groups (-OH, C=O and -NH-), 2D nanoporous graphene, and ordered mesoporous ion channels in mPG, the Na metal anodes show high Coulombic efficiency of >99.5%, outstanding cyclability of ~2000 h, and unprecedented rate performance of 25 mA cm-2 with 25 mAh cm-2, outperforming all the reported Na anodes stabilized by diversified strategies. What’s more, the mPG based Na/Na3V2(PO4)3 full batteries deliver exceptionally enhanced cyclability (90% retention rate after 500 cycles) and rate capacity (75 mAh g-1 at 30 C), demonstrative of impressive potential of well-designed 2D mesoporous polymers for precisely regulating Na deposition.
Individual, Community, and Structural Factors Associated With Linkage to HIV Care Among People Diagnosed with HIV in Tennessee
Authors: Ahonkhai Aima A , Rebeiro Peter , Jenkins Cathy , Rickles Michael , Cook Mekeila , Conserve Donaldson , Pierce Leslie , Shepherd Bryan , Brantley Meredith , Wester Carolyn
Published: October 2020

Background
We assessed trends and identified individual- and county-level factors associated with linkage to HIV care in Tennessee (TN).
Methods
TN residents diagnosed with HIV from 2012–2016 were included in the analysis (n = 3,750). Linkage was defined by the first CD4 or HIV RNA test date at or after HIV diagnosis. We used modified Poisson regression to estimate probability of 30-day linkage to care at the individual- and county-levels.
Results
Both MSM (aRR 1.16, 95%CI 1.01–1.32) and women who reported heterosexual sex risk factors (aRR 1.28, 95%CI 1.11–1.48) were more likely to link to care within 30-days than heterosexual males. Non-Hispanic Black individuals had poorer linkage than White individuals (aRR 0.77, 95%CI 0.72–0.83). County-level mentally unhealthy days were negatively associated with linkage (aRR 0.59, 95%CI 0.40–0.88).
Conclusions
Disparities persist at both individual and county levels and may warrant structural interventions to address racism and mental health needs.
Prevalence of Headaches Among Undergraduates in Sri Lanka: Cross-Sectional Analysis
Authors: Premarathna H.B.C.M , Madushani J.S. , Tennakoon T.M.I.U.K , Sudeshika Thilini
Published: October 2020

Background: Headache is one of the common health problems in the world which can be frequently seen among undergraduates. The current research was mainly focused to explore the prevalence of headaches among undergraduates in Sri Lanka.Method: This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted among undergraduates of five Sri Lankan universities including various disciplines from science to non- science. A purposive sample of undergraduates was recruited to complete a self-administered questionnaire after obtaining their consent. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS v25 IBM, New York, USA) and the significant differences among variables were assessed by using Chi-square test. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Review committee of Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.Results: The majority of respondents were males (51%, n=146) and who were following science courses (55%, n=158). Undergraduates (76%, n=218) had experienced headache. Common trigger factors were stress related to work (72%, n=171), mental fatigue (54%, n=129), and sleeplessness (33%, n=79). Undergraduates 43% (n=123) who perceived the experience of headache sought the treatments. Usage of non-prescribed medication was significantly high (73, n=90) among them. There was a statistically significant difference between the occurrence of headache for non-science students with the participation for lectures (p=0.021); health status with the academic year (p=0.00); perceived current headache problem with gender (p=0.03) and the avoidance in participating lectures with academic years (p=0.006). Conclusions: It can be concluded that most undergraduates in Sri Lankan universities have been affected by headaches. Stress-related to work, Irregular sleep behavior, mental fatigue and prolonged computer work were the most common trigger factors for headaches among undergraduates in Sri Lanka.
PD-L1 Tumour Expression is Predictive of Pazopanib Response in Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: Kim Sang Kyun , Kim Jee Hung , Kim Seung Hyun , Lee Young Han , Han Jung Woo , Woo Ha Young , Jeon Min Kyung , Kim Hyo Song
Published: October 2020

Background Pazopanib, a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is recommended as the standard treatment for refractory soft tissue sarcoma (STS). However, there are comparatively few molecular determinants for predicting pazopanib efficacy. Based on correlative studies regarding the predictive impact of PD-L1, we investigated the clinical relevance of PD-L1 expression and evaluated its value for predicting pazopanib efficacy. Methods Tumour tissues from patients with advanced STS who went on to receive pazopanib were assessed for PD-L1 expression. Immunohistochemistry was performed using an anti-PD-L1 antibody, and the PD-L1 tumour proportion score (TPS) was calculated as the percentage of at least 100 viable cells with positive expression, defined as TPS ≥ 1%. ResultsAmong the 67 patients, 8 (11.9%) achieved partial response and a median progression-free survival (PFS) of 4.8 months (95% CI 3.8-5.7). PD-L1 expression in tumour cells was detected in 13 (19.4%) cases and the TPS scores ranged from 1‒100%, as follows: 0 (n=54, 80.6%), 1‒9% (n=3, 4.5%), 10‒49% (n=9, 13.4%), and ≥50% (n=1, 1.5%). PD-L1 positive tumours exhibited a poorer response to pazopanib treatment than the PD-L1 negative tumours (0% vs 14.8%, P=0.07). PD-L1-positive tumours had significantly shorter PFS than the PD-L1-negative tumours (median PFS 2.8 vs 5.1 months, P=0.003), and PD-L1 positivity was an independent predictor of poor response to pazopanib treatment (HR 2.77, 95% CI; 1.45-5.56, P=0.006). ConclusionWe identified that PD-L1 expression can help predict the clinical outcome of patients with advanced STS treated with pazopanib. Based on our study, stratification should be actively considered in order to identify patients who will benefit from pazopanib or further therapeutic strategies for future clinical trials.