bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS METHODS LABORATORY VIBRATION TESTING OF FLIGHT APPARATUS UNMANNED AVIATION COMPLEXES
Authors: Orlov S. , Zvyhlianych S. , Chervotoka O. , Herashchenko M.
Published: January 2025

The work examines the most well-known methods of vibration testing of unmanned aircraft systems. The simplest to implement vibration tests are the methods based on the sinusoidal vibration test method. The method of testing for the influence of broadband random vibration, during which several forms of natural oscillations of the structure are excited at the same time, is considered, which makes it possible to conduct vibration tests closer to the conditions of real operation. In addition, modeling of the statistical nature of vibration provides an opportunity to detect all effects of mechanical interaction of various structural elements and ensures the shortest duration of tests. Disadvantages of broadband random vibration tests include the high cost and complexity of the necessary equipment, as well as the high labor intensity of testing.
The variable mode of narrow-band random vibration is considered, which is intermediate between the mode of wide-band random vibration and the mode with a variable sinusoidal signal. Systems that reproduce random narrowband vibration are less expensive and allow to simulate broadband vibration. The main disadvantage of the test when excited by a narrow-band spectrum is a slow change in the average frequency of the spectrum, which leads to the excitation of successive resonances of the tested product, while in the case of excitation by a wide-band spectrum, these resonances occur simultaneously. In addition, the duration of tests increases.
The conducted comparative analysis made it possible to find out the conditions for the appropriate use of each considered method. The choice of the optimal method of vibration testing depends on the type of unmanned aircraft systems submitted for testing, the amount of information about it, the conditions of testing and further operation, as well as the possibility of implementing the loads defined in the method on the vibration testing equipment.
RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE FIELD OF STATE QUALITY ASSURANCE OF DEFENSE PRODUCTS: STATE OF LEGAL REGULATION AND NATO EXPERIENCE
Authors: Naumenko M. , Plynokos D. , Ivzhenko I. , Kalinichenko O.
Published: January 2025

The entry into force of NATO standards (AQAP) in Ukraine as the VST creates a regulatory basis for the functioning of a modern system of state quality assurance of defense products. It should ensure the transition from the existing system of control of defense products during production with subsequent acceptance control of already manufactured products to a system that establishes requirements for the implementation of quality management in production and control over its compliance within the framework of the execution of a defense contract. Such a transition should become a prerequisite for reducing the likelihood of risks to ensure the quality assurance of defense products. This requires improving the risk management system, in particular, optimizing approaches to their identification, assessment and substantiation of rational ways to level the identified risks.
Today in Ukraine, the risk management system in the field of state quality assurance of defense products is at the stage of formation and normalization. Taking into account the orientation of the development of the Ukrainian Defense Forces towards achieving compatibility with NATO member states, it is advisable to consider the system adopted in the North Atlantic Alliance as the main guideline for the development of the risk management system.
An analysis of the effectiveness of the legal support for the quality assurance system for defense products and the main principles of NATO policy on risk management in this area has been carried out. It has been established that the effective functioning of the quality assurance system for defense products in NATO countries is ensured by risk management, the basis of which is a widely known and tested management tool - the so-called risk management, the implementation norms of which are regulated by NATO standards.
The system of state quality assurance of defense products in Ukraine should be based on a risk-oriented approach, the implementation of which should be synchronized with the practical implementation in Ukraine of the requirements for state quality assurance based on the NATO Quality Assurance Agreement STANAG 4107.
The Arp 240 Galaxy Merger: A Detailed Look at the Molecular Kennicutt–Schmidt Star Formation Law on Subkiloparsec Scales
Authors: Saravia A. , Rodas-Quito E. , Barcos-Muñoz L. , Evans A. S. , Kunneriath D. , Privon G. , Song Y. , Yoon I. , Emig K. L. , Sánchez-García M. , Linden S. T. , Green K. , Johnstone M. , Nagarajan-Swenson J. , Meza G. A. , Momjian E. , Armus L. , Charmandaris V. , Diaz-Santos T. , Eibensteiner C. , Howell J. , Inami H. , Kader J. , Ricci C. , Treister E. , U V. , Bohn T. , Sanders D. B.
Published: January 2025

The molecular Kennicutt–Schmidt Law has been key for understanding star formation (SF) in galaxies across all redshifts. However, recent subkiloparsec observations of nearby galaxies reveal deviations from the nearly unity slope (N) obtained with disk-averaged measurements. We study SF and molecular gas (MG) distribution in the early-stage luminous infrared galaxy merger Arp 240 (NGC 5257-8). Using Very Large Array radio continuum (RC) and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO(2–1) observations at 500 pc scale, with a uniform grid analysis, we estimate SF rates and MG surface densities (ΣSFR and

Σ

H

2

, respectively). In Arp 240, N is sublinear at 0.52 ± 0.17. For NGC 5257 and NGC 5258, N is 0.52 ± 0.16 and 0.75 ± 0.15, respectively. We identify two SF regimes: high surface brightness (HSB) regions in RC with N ~ 1, and low surface brightness (LSB) regions with shallow N (ranging 0.15 ± 0.09–0.48 ± 0.04). Median CO(2–1) linewidth and MG turbulent pressure (P
turb) are 25 km s−1 and 9 × 105 K cm−3. No significant correlation was found between ΣSFR and CO(2–1) linewidth. However, ΣSFR correlates with P
turb, particularly in HSB regions (ρ > 0.60). In contrast, SF efficiency moderately anticorrelates with P
turb in LSB regions but shows no correlation in HSB regions. Additionally, we identify regions where peaks in SF and MG are decoupled, yielding a shallow N (≤0.28 ± 0.18). Overall, the range of N reflects distinct physical properties and distribution of both the SF and MG, which can be masked by disk-averaged measurements.
Mach Number Scaling of Foreshock Magnetic Fluctuations at Quasi-parallel Bow Shocks and Their Role in Magnetospheric Driving Throughout the Solar System
Authors: Burkholder Brandon L. , Chen Li-Jen , Nykyri Katariina , Romanelli Norberto , Sarantos Menelaos , Sibeck Dave , Verniero Jaye , DiBraccio Gina A. , Gershman Daniel , Lindberg Martin , Kincade Erin
Published: January 2025

Upstream of quasi-parallel bow shocks, reflected ions generate ion–ion instabilities. The resulting magnetic fluctuations can advect through the shock and interact with planetary magnetospheres. The amplitude of magnetic fluctuations depends on the strength of the shock, quantified by the Alfvén Mach number (M
A), which is the ratio of solar wind velocity to the local Alfvén velocity. With increasing heliocentric distance, the solar wind M
A generally increases, such that Mercury typically experiences a lower M
A ∼ 5 compared to Earth (M
A ∼ 8), and Mars a slightly higher M
A ∼ 9. Farther out in the solar system, Saturn has even higher M
A (∼10). However, the solar wind flow is highly irregular, and on top of solar cycle variations these values for average M
A at each planet do not capture extreme events. Statistical analysis of OMNIWeb observations from 2015 to 2023 shows that sustained (30 minutes or more) high M
A (30–100) occurs at Earth about once a month. Using a selection of events in the ion foreshock regions of Mercury, Earth, Mars, and Saturn, a linear scaling is calculated for the maximum magnetic fluctuation amplitude as a function of M
A. The resulting slope is ∼0.2. Based on the dominant fluctuation frequency for the largest-amplitude events at each planet, it is found that Mars exists in a special regime where the wave period of the magnetic fluctuations can be similar to or longer than the magnetospheric convection timescale, making Mars more susceptible to space weather effects associated with foreshock fluctuations.
L’adoption de la digitalisation par les coopératives marocaines : une étude préliminaire de la région Fès-Meknès
Authors: Ouche Abdessamad , El Maaqili Younes
Published: January 2025

En postulant que la digitalisation, c’est à dire la transformation partielle des processus organisationnels, puisse contribuer à simplifier les transactions économiques et managériales notamment en élargissant la clientèle cible et en améliorant les services proposés, son adoption par les coopératives marocaines reste largement inégale. Cette recherche a donc pour objet d’éclairer cette ambiguïté et de comprendre cette hétérogénéité en se basant sur un questionnaire et des entretiens administrés auprès de 20 coopératives lors de la tenue du salon régional de l’économie sociale et solidaire de Fès-Meknès « coopératives créatives » en février 2024. Les résultats montrent que certaines coopératives hésitent à se digitaliser en raison de la faible pénétration des canaux digitaux chez leurs clients et de leur préférence pour le marketing bouche-à-oreille. Cependant, pour d’autres, la digitalisation améliore leur efficacité opérationnelle, offre une collaboration accrue, des nouvelles opportunités de marketing, un accès facilité à l’information, et une meilleure transparence et traçabilité.
Persuasion Meets Delegation
Authors: Kolotilin Anton , Zapechelnyuk Andriy
Published: January 2025

A principal can restrict an agent's information (the persuasion problem) or discretion (the delegation problem). We study these two problems under standard single‐crossing assumptions on the agent's marginal utility. We show that these problems are equivalent on the set of monotone stochastic mechanisms, implying, in particular, the equivalence of deterministic delegation and monotone partitional persuasion. We also show that the monotonicity restriction is superfluous for linear persuasion and linear delegation, implying their equivalence on the set of all stochastic mechanisms. Finally, using tools from the persuasion literature, we characterize optimal delegation mechanisms, thereby generalizing and extending existing results in the delegation literature.
How Well Does Bargaining Work in Consumer Markets? A Robust Bounds Approach
Authors: Freyberger Joachim , Larsen Bradley J.
Published: January 2025

This study provides a structural analysis of detailed, alternating‐offer bargaining data from eBay, deriving bounds on buyers and sellers private value distributions and the gains from trade using a range of assumptions on behavior and the informational environment. These assumptions range from weak (assuming only that acceptance and rejection decisions are rational) to less weak (e.g., assuming that bargaining offers are weakly increasing in players' private values). We estimate the bounds and show what they imply for consumer negotiation behavior and inefficient breakdown. For the median product, bargaining ends in impasse in 37% of negotiations even when the buyer values the good more than the seller.
Minimum Wages, Efficiency, and Welfare
Authors: Berger David , Herkenhoff Kyle , Mongey Simon
Published: January 2025

Many argue that minimum wages can prevent efficiency losses from monopsony power. We assess this argument in a general equilibrium model of oligopsonistic labor markets with heterogeneous workers and firms. We decompose welfare gains into an
efficiency component that captures reductions in monopsony power and a
redistributive component that captures the way minimum wages shift resources across people. The minimum wage that maximizes the efficiency component of welfare lies below $8.00 and yields gains worth less than 0.2% of lifetime consumption. When we add back in Utilitarian redistributive motives, the optimal minimum wage is $11 and redistribution accounts for 102.5% of the resulting welfare gains, implying offsetting efficiency losses of −2.5%. The reason a minimum wage struggles to deliver efficiency gains is that with realistic firm productivity dispersion, a minimum wage that eliminates monopsony power at one firm causes severe rationing at another. These results hold under an EITC and progressive labor income taxes calibrated to the U.S. economy.
El legado personal y científico de los pioneros del Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología: Una perspectiva agroecológica sobre la gestión de las áreas de montaña
Authors: García-Ruiz José M.
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se presenta brevemente la evolución de los centros de investigación del CSIC que dieron lugar a la creación del Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE). La Estación de Estudios Pirenaicos, creada en 1942, se transformó muy poco después en el Instituto de Estudios Pirenaicos (IEP), dirigido por los profesores Luis Solé Sabarís y José Manuel Casas Torres y con sede en el Departamento de Geografía de la Universidad de Zaragoza. Ellos fueron los organizadores de numerosas reuniones, de congresos internacionales sobre el Pirineo y los impulsores de la revista Pirineos. En 1963 se creó en Jaca el Centro Pirenaico de Biología Experimental bajo la dirección del Dr. Enrique Balcells Rocamora, con Pedro Montserrat Recoder actuando como vicedirector. En 1968 el IEP se trasladó a Jaca, con Enrique Balcells también como director. A partir de 1983 la fusión de los dos centros de investigación dio lugar al IPE. Se explica la evolución científica de los doctores Balcells y Montserrat, algunos de sus rasgos personales y el legado que transmitieron a otros científicos más jóvenes. Ese legado es responsable de la buena parte de la actual filosofía científica del IPE y que puede resumirse en la integración de las actividades humanas a diferentes escalas espaciales y temporales para explicar la evolución de los paisajes de montaña y su dinámica en un contexto de Cambio Global.
“I, too”, shall have to prompt? A study of EFL students and their unmonitored use of GenAI in the completion of an imitation task in poetry
Authors: Révauger Guilène , Rident Flavie
Published: January 2025

This study questions the extent to which a generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) model can be of use within an English as a Foreign Language Literature course at university level. An experimental GenAI-assisted creative writing exercise was conducted, asking students to perform the imitation task of writing a poem in the style of Langston Hughes. The analysis of qualitative data collected through surveys and observational studies provides answers to the main research question – To what extent does the exercise provide for the explicit application of the literary analysis elements taught in the course? – and three related sub-questions – What are the characteristics of the prompts intuitively generated by the students? Do students intuitively manage to generate efficient prompts? What pedagogical implications can be inferred from the results? Although the exercise exposed participants to a large quantity of literary terms fitted to their individual needs, it also shed light on a number of limitations and complications.
La communication des soins palliatifs : une incommunication féconde
Authors: Drillaud Frédérique
Published: January 2025

Cet article est issu d’une thèse en Sciences de l’information et de la communication qui analyse la manière dont les soins palliatifs « font société » en agençant des médiations face à la mort. Différents terrains en soins palliatifs ont permis de percevoir que des enjeux y sont pratiqués quotidiennement au sein d’équipes interdisciplinaires, dans ce que forme la culture palliative. Nous souhaitons contribuer à la compréhension de cette culture en montrant qu’elle est sous-tendue de manière constante par des références implicites à ce que nous avons nommé l’effet-miroir de la mort sur la vie et la dimension existentielle, deux dimensions constructives de cette culture. C’est ainsi qu’apparaissent des enjeux communicationnels et de soin, en venant questionner une logique d’organisation autour de l’incommunicable que représente la mort. En soins palliatifs, l’incommunication ne représente pas un échec mais le support de la création de leurs pratiques. Elle est le commencement de la mise en œuvre d’une communication orchestrale autour du prendre soin.
An Empirical Study on Teaching Innovation of Traditional Wushu Culture From the Perspective of 6G Network
Authors: Song Qi , Wang Zhen
Published: January 2025

Martial arts have a deep cultural aspect and may be used to train the mind and improve the physique. Thus, educating and promoting martial arts at universities and colleges may increase students' interest in traditional Chinese culture, enabling them to better transmit and advance Chinese martial art culture. The development of networks has led to the emergence of online martial arts instruction. Therefore we proposed a martial arts training based on internet resource transfer that was guided by a 6G ultra-dense heterogeneous network(6G-UDHN).The spider monkey optimization(SMO) technique is used to optimize network operations and several criteria, including network lifetime, transmission rate, network reliability, latency and energy consumption were used to assess the performance. The results show that this method effectively improves the quality of martial arts teaching and innovates the form of martial arts teaching, which has important reference significance for the innovation of martial arts teaching.
Experiences of nurses and patients with the implementation of the CCMDD programme
Authors: Sekopa Ragosebo P. , Netangaheni Robert T.
Published: January 2025

Background: The Central Chronic Medicines Dispensing and Distribution (CCMDD) programme has good benefits for both patients with chronic conditions and nurses if it is effectively implemented. In most of the Sekhukhune Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities, the implementation of the CCMDD programme has been highly challenging but at the same time very beneficial.Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe the experiences of nurses and patients following the implementation of the CCMDD programme in Sekhukhune clinics.Setting: Nine of the Sekhukhune district clinics in Limpopo province, South Africa, were used as study sites.Methods: The qualitative research approach with a descriptive and explorative research design was used in this study. Data were acquired through 45 one-on-one semi-structured interviews, with Sekhukhune PHC nurses managing the CCMDD programme and patients with chronic conditions who are enrolled in the programme, and then analysed thematically.Results: Positive experiences included overcrowding and workload reduction, saving of time and money for transport, improves medication adherence, reduction in incidents of file loss, reduction in patient waiting times, preservation of clinic drug supplies and easy and convenience. However, negative experiences such as shortage of staff, the lack of communication and information on the CCMDD programme hindered the effectiveness of the CCMDD programme.Conclusion: Both nurses and patients of Sekhukhune PHC facilities had positive and negative experiences with regard to the implementation of the CCMDD programme; hence, strategies to improve the programme are needed to be developed.Contribution: The study contributes by providing recommendations for nurse training in the CCMDD programme, in order to improve service delivery processes of the implementation of the CCMDD programme in Sekhukhune PHC facilities.
The Effect of Acupuncture along with Conventional Therapies on the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Hashemi Sayed Mostafa , Mokhtarinejad Farhang , Abtahi Forooshani Seyed Mojtaba , Rezvani Habibabadi Mehran
Published: January 2025

Background:

Acupuncture is one of the most important components of modern complementary medicine. Given its mechanism of action and efficacy, researchers have been recently attracted to address its efficacy in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR). Therefore, the present study aimed at evaluating the effect of acupuncture along with conventional therapies on the treatment of AR.

Materials and Methods:

The present randomized, clinical trial was performed on 51 patients with AR. All patients underwent standard AR treatment under the supervision of a specialist physician. Twenty-four patients were treated with acupuncture and 27 patients were considered as the control group. The improvement degree of AR symptoms was evaluated and recorded at baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks after the treatment.

Results:

The results of this study revealed that a decrease in the runny nose score with a mean of 4.59 ± 3.04 and a decrease in the sneezing score with a mean of 5.30 ± 2.92 were significantly more than those of the control group with a means of 2.85 ± 1.56 and 2.78 ± 1.28, respectively (P value < 0.05). In addition, the frequency of nasal congestion, nasal itching, and tearing was significantly lower in the acupuncture group as compared with the control group (P value < 0.05).

Conclusion:

According to the results of the present study, although conventional AR treatments can be effective in reducing the symptoms of this disease, the use of acupuncture along with conventional AR treatments has been able to play an effective role in improving and reducing the severity of AR symptoms.
Body image victimization and eating distress in young adult females
Authors: Singh Priya , Gupta Aarzoo
Published: January 2025

Context:

Eating distress syndrome (EDS) is characterized by distressing and conflicting thoughts about the body shape and eating behaviors accompanied by self-imposition of strict dietary and/or exercise regimes in the absence of any significant weight loss. EDS has a prevalence of nearly 11% and is associated with psychological distress, internalizing and externalizing problems, lesser well-being, and reduced quality of life.

Aims:

The study aimed to assess the relationship between eating-related messages and body image victimization with EDS in young adult females.

Settings and Design:

Purposive sampling was employed to approach an estimated sample size of 151 young adults (18–26 years). The data were collected online using e-consent through social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram through Google Form (GF).

Materials and Methods:

There were a total of 403 respondents to GF comprising of Caregiver Eating Messages Scale, Body Image Victimization Experience Scale, and Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire Short. A total of 151 participants were recruited from 403 as per defined criteria.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis were used to tests the findings.

Results:

Restrictive or critical messages had a positive relationship and accounted 12% chance of occurrence of EDS. The frequency of experiences of body image victimization from peers (6%) had a greater predictive value than that from the parents (3%). Similarly, the impact of body image victimization by peers (9%) contributed more than that from the parents (4%) in the occurrence of EDS.

Conclusion:

Remarks or comments related to eating and appearance tend to determine how an individual perceived oneself and the course of one’s food habits or choices.
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Infertility among Married Couples of Kunnathukal Panchayath in Trivandrum District
Authors: Vannya M S , Singh Blessed , Usha Christopher , Joice Suba Y , Gladston Jibin V.
Published: January 2025

Background:

Infertility is a serious health issue worldwide, and it has been a neglected area among studies related to maternal and child health. There is a need for evidence-based knowledge regarding the prevalence of infertility and its determinants. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of infertility and its associated factors among married couples residing at Kunnathukal Panchayath in Trivandrum district.

Materials and Methods:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 1270 married couples residing at Kunnathukal Panchayath, selected using a cluster sampling technique. Data was collected using a pretested predesigned semi-structured questionnaire, entered into MS Excel, and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The Chi-square test, Fischer’s exact test, and Mann–Whitney U test were used as tests of significance. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to find independent predictors of infertility. P value < 0.05 was considered as statistical significance.

Results:

Prevalence of infertility was found to be 12%, and among them, majority (65.8%) had primary infertility. The factors found to be significantly associated with infertility are occupation of females, age at time of menarche, dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, fibroid uterus, hypothyroidism, and BMI. In multivariate analysis, dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, and uterine fibroid emerged as predictors of infertility.

Conclusion:

Prevalence of infertility was found to be 12% in this study, which is almost similar to our state’s average (10.5%) according to DLHS-3. Dysmenorrhea, type of dysmenorrhea, and uterine fibroid emerged as predictors of infertility. The preventive and intervention activities addressing infertility should give more priority to these predictors.
Combined pars plana vitrectomy, lensectomy, pars plana glaucoma drainage device, and scleral fixated intraocular lens implantation in aniridia-related glaucoma and subluxated cataract
Authors: Abdulkhadar Syed Mohideen , Jaffar Jahnara , Kader Mohideen Abdul , Chakrabarty Sabyasachi , Rengappa Ramakrishnan
Published: January 2025

We present a case series of three patients who had undergone combined pars plana vitrectomy, lensectomy, low-cost pars plana glaucoma drainage tube, and suture-less scleral fixated intraocular lens for aniridia-related glaucoma and subluxated cataract. Data on age, gender, laterality, concomitant ocular disorders, pre-operative and post-operative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), pre-operative and post-operative intraocular pressure (IOP), and pre-operative and post-operative number of anti-glaucoma medications (AGM) used were collected. All patients had significant improvement in BCVA and reduction in intraocular pressure post-operatively.
Multimodal imaging in conjunctival amyloidosis: A comprehensive clinicopathological analysis
Authors: Challa Divya , Yangzes Sonam , Malhotra Chintan , Bal Amanjit , Malhotra Pankaj
Published: January 2025

This case report presents detailed ocular imaging in a patient with conjunctival amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma. Using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT), multiple hyperreflective lesions arranged in a wave-like and nodular pattern were observed in the conjunctival stroma. Additionally, confocal imaging revealed hyporeflective lobular lesions in the substantia propria. These imaging findings illustrate the potential of AS-OCT and confocal microscopy to provide detailed visualization of conjunctival amyloidosis in systemic amyloidosis cases. This study highlights the importance of non-invasive imaging modalities such as AS-OCT and confocal microscopy in the screening and diagnosis of conjunctival amyloidosis.
Orbital neuroblastoma: A tale of two children
Authors: Mukherjee Bipasha , Nair Preeta , Noronha Olma V , Subramanian Krishnakumar , Scott Julius X
Published: January 2025

Neuroblastoma is frequently encountered in pediatric patients. Orbital neuroblastoma, primarily metastatic, carries a poorer prognosis with increasing age. Here, we present two cases of orbital metastatic neuroblastoma, focusing on their clinical and radiologic manifestations, treatment modalities, and a comprehensive literature review. This report underscores the critical role of ophthalmologists in facilitating early detection. Timely referral and collaboration among multidisciplinary teams are crucial, potentially life-saving measures, given the tumor’s diverse clinical presentations and aggressive progression.
Nevus: A cause of mechanical ptosis
Authors: Gupta Shalini
Published: January 2025

A 65-year-old female presented with a large, pedunculated, heart-shaped mass in her right upper lid for the last 20 years, which progressively increased in size since the last 1 year causing severe mechanical ptosis and disfigurement. The tumor was excised flushed with the eyelid margin and sent for histopathologic examination. The lid wound margin healed without any complications, and the patient could open the lid normally. Histopathologic examination showed an unusual presentation of a nevus. Benign nevi require no treatment, unless malignant transformation occurs. If there are no suspicious features to suggest malignant transformation, smaller nevi can be excised by Simple excision or shaving the epidermal–dermal junction; however, recurrence up to the same size is rare. Large marginal nevi that are symptomatic or cosmetically unacceptable may be completely excised using full-thickness resection techniques.
An unusual incidence of outer retinal dehiscence in a case of diabetic macular edema
Authors: Nandi Krishnendu , Sinha Sourav , Biswas Rupak Kanti , Das Sudipta
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this case is to present an uncommon incidence of outer retinal dehiscence (ORD) in diabetic macular edema in a 54-year-old lady who presented with decreased vision in her left eye for 4 months. Her right and left eyes’ best-corrected visual acuities were 6/9, N6, and counting fingers at 2 meters, respectively. She underwent spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT), OCT angiography, and intravitreal brolucizumab injections. SDOCT revealed large cystic spaces in the fovea and an ORD in the left eye. The right eye had normal foveal contour with minimal intraretinal fluid. The left eye was treated with consecutive intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injections. The patient responded well with intravitreal brolucizumab, resulting in complete resolution of the edema, restoration of near normal foveal contour, and disappearance of ORD.
A rare case of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) associated with choroidal neovascular membrane causing sub retinal hemorrhage
Authors: Singh Praveen K , Singh Neha , Rajpoot Suman , Saini Akash
Published: January 2025

The occurrence of subretinal hemorrhage due to a peripapillary choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) is a rare complication of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). We report a case of a 32-year-old obese female who presented with a headache associated with profound loss of vision in the left eye for 2 weeks. After an ocular examination, she was diagnosed with IIH, which had led to subretinal hemorrhage due to the formation of a peripapillary CNVM in the left eye. She was advised to make lifestyle modifications and lose weight and was started on oral acetazolamide. Antivascular endothelial growth factor was administered in the left eye for the CNVM. At the 12-week follow-up, her visual functions had improved, and there was a decrease in papilledema and subretinal hemorrhages.
Unexpected airway bleed: A rare case of hemoptysis triggered by topical beta-blocker use
Authors: Naik Dhvani Parimal , Godbole Aishwarya Ajit , Bhagat Purvi Raj
Published: January 2025

Timolol, a non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist and commonly used intra-ocular pressure lowering agent, acts by reducing the formation of aqueous humor by acting on the beta 2 receptors in the ciliary epithelium. Its common ocular side effects include burning, stinging, irritation, dryness, itching, watering, conjunctival hyperemia, lid edema, blurring of vision, dry eye, etc. Systemic side effects include bronchospasm, bronchoconstriction, wheezing, chest pain, bradycardia, muscle weakness, depression, fatigue, confusion, hair loss, disorientation, increased low-density cholesterol levels, headache, dizziness, etc. Since the drug has a significant range of adverse effects, it is important to monitor the patients to detect the side effects early and manage them appropriately. Here, we present an unusual case of hemoptysis precipitated by timolol which led to the discovery of underlying Koch’s sequelae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of such a rare side effect of topical timolol maleate (0.5%) ophthalmic solution.
Primary hyperoxaluria type 2 with relentlessly progressive retinal ischemia
Authors: Kumar Prateek , Velagala Aditya Reddy , Pillai Gopal S
Published: January 2025

A 55-year-old, nondiabetic patient with stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD) and secondary hypertension was undergoing hemodialysis (HD) and complained of an acute decrease in right eye (RE) vision, with best corrected vision of 6/18 in RE and 6/12 in LE. Fundus examination revealed crystalline retinopathy, arteriolar narrowing with intra-arterial crystalline deposits, and multiple soft exudates. Genetic testing confirmed a diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria type 2 (PH 2). Despite adequate intervention, there was a relentless deterioration of renal status, hypertension, and retinal ischemia. The patient subsequently underwent a renal transplant to stabilize the systemic condition and arrest the progression of retinal ischemia. Although the patient remained stable for 4 months, he later presented with cardiopulmonary complications and LE vitreous hemorrhage, indicating progressive retinal ischemia. PH 2 is considered a milder variant, with the retinal phenotype typically characterized by crystalline retinopathy. However, in cases with cardiopulmonary complications associated with CKD, retinal ischemia can progress rapidly despite adequate interventions.
Bilateral acute angle closure in myopia: Unveiling the unexpected
Authors: Siddhartha Srihari , Puttagunta Sahiti , Senthil Sirisha
Published: January 2025

Acute angle closure is a sight-threatening condition which is usually observed in elderly hyperopes who have predisposing anatomical risk factors. It can be either primary (relative pupillary block mechanism) or secondary (anterior pulling and posterior pushing mechanisms). Bilateral acute angle closure is usually due to secondary causes, most commonly following idiosyncratic reaction of drugs resulting in ciliochoroidal effusion and subsequent angle closure. Here, we describe an uncommon presentation of bilateral acute primary angle closure following the anticholinergic effect of systemic medication occurring in a myope with special mention on the mechanism and basic approach toward such cases.
The success of DWEK (DSO) – Descemetorhexis without endothelial keratoplasty in Fuchs’ dystrophy: A case report
Authors: Mane Seema K , Patwardhan Sourabh D , Mane Kirti
Published: January 2025

We report the success of descemetorhexis without endothelial keratoplasty (DWEK)/Descemet’s stripping only (DSO) in a 56-year-old female patient with bilateral Fuchs’ dystrophy. A central 4-mm descemetorhexis was performed in the symptomatic right eye. Postoperatively, central stromal edema resolved with treatment (topical Rho-associated kinase inhibitor drops, 5% Sodium chloride drops and 6% sodium chloride eye ointment). The vision improved from finger counting 3 m to 20/30 at 8 months. Later, the patient was operated on for cataract, and postoperative stromal edema improved with treatment stabilizing vision at 20/30 until the last follow-up (24 months). Thus, DWEK is a favorable option before endothelial keratoplasty in selected patients.
Melioidosis in a child with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Sahu Sanjay Kumar , Behera Chinmay Kumar , Pradhan Sarbeswar , Sahoo Jiten Kumar , Nikhila Gannavarapu Phanisri , Boggavarapu Lakshmi Meghana
Published: January 2025

Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, presents with a wide range of clinical manifestations. We report the case of an 8-year-old boy with nephrotic syndrome in remission, presenting with high-grade fever and painful limb swellings. Initial investigations revealed mild leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in urine culture. Despite treatment, fever persisted until blood cultures identified B. pseudomallei. Antibiotics were upgraded to meropenem and doxycycline. Following abscess drainage and adjusted therapy, the patient stabilized. This case highlights the importance of considering melioidosis in pediatric patients with persistent fever and abscesses in endemic areas.
Management of pancreatic fluid collections: A concise review
Authors: Sahu Saroj Kanta , Mallick Bipadabhanjan , Nath Preetam , Praharaj Dibyalochan , Giri Suprabhat , Panigrahi Sarat Chandra , Anand Anil Chandra
Published: January 2025

A pancreatic fluid collection (PFC) is a local complication of acute pancreatitis. Most PFCs spontaneously resolve and only a minor group of patients need therapeutic intervention. When conservative treatment fails, patients with symptomatic or infected PFCs undergo drainage, either with or without necrosectomy. Three drainage techniques, i.e., endoscopic, percutaneous, and minimally invasive surgery (MIS), are complementary to achieve the symptomatic resolution of the PFC. Endoscopic drainage (ED) with a high technical and clinical success rate has become the current standard of care for mature PFCs. Among the ED techniques, endoscopic ultrasound-guided transmural drainage (EUS-TD) is preferred over conventional transmural drainage for pancreatic pseudocysts or walled-off necrosis (WON). For PFC that is not encapsulated and <4 weeks old, percutaneous catheter drainage ± sinus tract endoscopy works well and is lifesaving in people with abdominal compartment syndrome. Pancreatic necrosectomy is an adjunctive procedure in patients who fail to improve after initial transmural or percutaneous drainage. MIS plays a role if the PFC shows inadequate response to combined drainage and debridement procedures, with open necrosectomy the last resort. Infected pancreatic necrosis is the most dreaded complication of acute necrotizing pancreatitis with a significantly high mortality rate (20%–30%). The “step-up” approach is recommended for infected as well as symptomatic WON. The “surgical step-up” and the “endoscopic step-up” are preferred for infected acute necrotic collection and infected WON, respectively. Various adjunctive methods such as stopping proton-pump inhibitors, hydrogen peroxide irrigation, and nasocystic catheter irrigation help in the earlier resolution of WON by reducing the number of sessions of direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN). Using lumen-apposing metal stents for EUS-guided drainage of PFCs has revolutionized the technique with more effective drainage and provides a conduit for DEN.
Anti-Candidal Action of Epigallocatechin Gallate as Intracanal Medicament—A Microbiological and Dentin Model Study
Authors: Shobana Shekar , Sujareetha Anandavelu , Venkatesan Sokkalingam M. , Geethapriya Nagarajan , Sarathy S Sarath , Natarajan Raghunathan
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To evaluate the antifungal activity of Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP) with Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) against Candida albicans.

Materials and Methods:

Disk diffusion test: Thirty Kirby–Bauer disks were soaked in: Group 1—TAP (ciprofloxacin, minocycline, and metronidazole in saline); Group 2—TAP + EGCG + saline; Group 3—EGCG + saline; Group 4—Fluconazole. Disks were dried, placed in a C.albicans suspension, and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. Zones of inhibition were measured.

Simulated Dentine Study:

Forty single-rooted teeth were decoronated to 12 mm, cleaned and shaped with ProTaper files, and irrigated with saline. Canals were inoculated with C.albicans, treated with medicaments after two days, and incubated for three days. After saline irrigation, sterile absorbent points were placed in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar for 48-hour incubation at 37°C. Colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted.

Results:

Fluconazole produced the largest zones of inhibition, significantly larger than EGCG, EGCG + Fluconazole, and TAP + EGCG (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

C.albicans is susceptible to EGCG, with Fluconazole exhibiting the greatest antifungal activity.
A Cross-Sectional Study: Dentists’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions of the Role of Plasma-Rich Protein and its Applications in Tooth Movement Rate
Authors: Shaga I Bevin , Elangovan Bharathi , Acchuthakrishnan  , Devika J , Anitha K. , Moulvi SMM , Nagappan Nagappan
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:

This study aimed to assess dentists’ perceptions and knowledge of plasma-rich protein and uses in rate of tooth movement.

Material and Methods:

This online survey, which is cross-sectional in nature, is being done among dental care providers. The 500 participants’ self-administered questionnaires on PRP in orthodontic tooth mobility. The statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (V 22.0). The frequency distribution was calculated.

Results:

The survey revealed that, 452 (90.4%) were aware of the PRP preparation process, and 400 (20%) were aware of the use of plasma-rich protein (PRP) to accelerate tooth movement. Regarding the primary PRP ingredients and the PRP procedure for quickening tooth movement in orthodontics, 66.4% had given the right responses. The majority of dentists were sufficiently knowledgeable about both invasive and non-invasive methods for quickening the movement of teeth.

Conclusion:

The study’s conclusions demonstrated that dental professionals were aware of the most recent developments in dental PRP application and its protocols, but additional research has to be done to educate everyone about these recent developments. Future experimental research on PRP in dental practices will be necessary in order to further develop our awareness of it.
Cytotoxic Effects of Srikhandasavam on Ethanol-Induced Neurotoxicity in Hippocampal Cell Cultures
Authors: Kondamma S , Kalaivannan J. , Jones Sumathi , Janaki C.S. , Sheriff Dhastagir , Prabhu K. , Balakrishnan Deepalakkshmi , Sambasivam Shyamala
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:

Srikhandasavam is a traditional Ayurvedic herbal formulation known for its potential therapeutic properties, particularly in enhancing overall vitality and digestive health. It is composed of a blend of natural ingredients, including sandalwood, which are fermented to enhance their medicinal potency.

Aim:

The present study investigates the neuroprotective effects of Srikhandasavam on hippocampal neurons subjected to ethanol-induced neurotoxicity.

Methods:

The primary focus was to assess cell viability and cytotoxicity in the presence of Srikhandasavam at various concentrations, using hippocampal cell cultures.

Results:

The cytotoxicity results indicated a significant impact at higher concentrations, with 50.3% cell mortality observed at 200 µg/mL of Srikhandasavam. Conversely, the MTT assay revealed that Srikhandasavam offered notable protection against ethanol-induced neurotoxicity, with a 71.8% cell viability rate at the same 200 µg/mL concentration.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that Srikhandasavam as a potential neuroprotective agent, capable of mitigating ethanol-induced damage in hippocampal neurons while maintaining cell viability at therapeutic concentrations.
Comparative Evaluation of Microtissue-Engineered Root Dentin with Three Different Nanoparticles in Improving Fatigue Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth – An In Vitro Study
Authors: Balavaishnavi G , Chakravarthy Dhanavel , Shajahan Shahana , Sornamalar M , Raja S Vijaya
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Aim:

This study aims to analyze the fatigue resistance, surface mechanical properties, and biomechanical responsiveness of microtissue-engineered root dentin using cellulose nanofibers, hydroxyapatite nanocrystals, and walnut shell nanopowders.

Methodology:

The objectives are to evaluate the differences in fatigue resistance and biomechanics and surface mechanical characteristics by infiltrating these nanomaterials into the root canal of endodontically treated teeth. Forty human permanent single-rooted teeth were collected with the patient’s consent. Fatigue resistance was measured using cyclic loading, and surface roughness was measured by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results:

The results showed a fatigue resistance of 36.81 ± 4.58 MPa, attributed to the availability of calcium ions at 9%, the highest compared to other groups. Non-microtissue-engineered root dentin exhibited a stress resistance of 12.3 ± 3.1 MPa and a strain resistance of 4.1 ± 1.1 MPa. Walnut shell nanopowder (WNP) exhibited higher fatigue resistance than other groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Root dentin engineered with HaNPs showed a fatigue resistance of 36.81 ± 4.58 MPa and surface roughness of 4.2 ± 0.5 MPa, attributed to the availability of calcium ions at 9%, the highest compared to other groups. Non-microtissue-engineered root dentin exhibited a fatigue resistance of 12.3 ± 3.1 MPa, while microtissue-engineered root dentin showed 36.81 ± 4.58 MPa, which is three times higher.
A Rare Case of Lupus Nephritis with Predominant Gastrointestinal Manifestation: A Case Study
Authors: Podimon Jasmine , Arons Deepa Susan , Janard Adarsh J. , Mathew Sunil , Davis Maria , Ahammed Anees
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most dreaded complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Gastrointestinal involvement is relatively uncommon and usually manifests as moderate and nonspecific indications. The present case report draws attention to the unusual presentation of SLE as LN with predominant gastrointestinal manifestations. Early detection and treatment of this condition improves the outcome of a potentially fatal ailment.