bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KEGIATAN SOSIALISASI KPU TERHADAP SIKAP MAHASISWA PADA KEGIATAN PEMILU
Authors: Suherman Muhammad Tanziil , Amirulloh M Rijal
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT

The research is entitled “The Influence of General Election Commision toward Student Attitude on Election Activity”. Research method applies quantitative with path analysis. Research aims to know how big the influence of socialization activity source factor toward student attitude on election activity, to know how big the influence of message factor, and to know how big the influence of subject receiver factor toward student attitude on election activity.

The result research shows that each variable has sifnificant influence toward student attitude on election activity. Source factor variable has significant influence toward student attitude as much as 78,9 %, socialization message factor variable has significant influence toward student attitude as much as 85,5%, subject receiver factor has sifnificant influence toward student attitude as much as 81,1%. Message variable becomes the most influence variable toward student attitude on election activity.

It can be concluded that message factor variable has the most influence factor compares to other factor. Sending factual message based on fact, sending a trending topic message, and such message is thought to be important so that message can change someone attitude toward something. Besides, source factor has an influence. Cridible factor and expert can make communicant believe and enable to be persuaded well especially previous attitude will be able to convinced to change.
KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL PADA PROSES PENDIDIKAN POLITIK PEMILIH PEMULA
Authors: Sari Affiyah Tri Yuni , Fitriyani Aissyah Dwi , Said Martriana Ponimin
Published: September 2019

Political education is one of the important factors in determining the attitude of a voter in the conduct of elections. Beginner voters with low levels of political education tend to have voices that are still floating or called swing-voters. If it is not able to be convinced, the swing-voter can become a golput, but if it can be convinced, the swing-voter can be an additional vote for a candidate or party in the final result of the vote count. The phenomenon of political apathy can be reduced by providing political education to beginner voters, one of the methods is through interpersonal communication. The exchange of values ??that form the basis of interpersonal communication can also occur in the family. This study aims to determine how the role of interpersonal communication in the process of early voter political education. Using the interpretative paradigm and descriptive qualitative research methods, by conducting observations, interviews and documentation studies. The unit of analysis under study is individuals, namely beginner voters at Pramuka Island, Thousand Islands, DKI Jakarta Province. The results of the study show that the role of interpersonal communication in the process of political voter education at Pramuka Island is to conduct discussions, exchange information about politics, and conduct political socialization, this will affect the process of political voter education and political participation in the 2019 Election.

Keywords: interpersonal communication; political education; beginner voters; general election
PENGARUH BUDAYA KERJA DAN PARTISIPASI KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI DINAS PENDIDIKAN KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU
Authors: Kurniawan Pebi , Saâ€™adah Saâ€™adah
Published: September 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Budaya Kerja dan Partisipasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Indramayu.

Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua pegawai di Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Indramayu sebanyak 60 orang. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 47 orang. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode survey melalui penyebaran kuesioner secara langsung. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis regresi berganda dan pengujian data yang dilakukan dengan dibantu oleh program SPSS 19.

Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) Peran Budaya kerja berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian kinerja pegawai. Hasil penelitian ini konsisten dengan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Aryanto et.al (2013) dan Safrizal et. Al (2004), (2) Penerapan partisipasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian kinerja pegawai. Hasil penelitian ini mendukung hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Fajrin (2010) dan Suprayitno (2013), (3) Peran budaya kerja dan penerapan partisipasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap pencapaian kinerja pegawai (Y).

Kata kunci : Budaya kerja, partisipasi kerja, kinerja pegawai
PENGARUH HARGA DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN DISTRIBUTOR TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PENGECER PADA PERUSAHAAN CONSUMER GOODS (Studi pada PT, TigaraksaSatriaTbk. Kota Cirebon)
Authors: Djadjuli M. , Juanda Hilman
Published: September 2019

Kepuasan konsumen akan terbentuk jika dapat memenuhi harapan-harapan dasar konsumen. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan konsumen, diantaranya harga produk dan kualitas pelayanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mengkaji dan menganalisis : (1) pengaruh harga terhadap kepuasan konsumen PT. Tigaraksa Satria Kota Cirebon, (2) pengaruh kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan konsumen PT. Tigaraksa Satria Kota Cirebon, dan (3) menganalisis pengaruh harga dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan konsumen PT. Tigaraksa Satria Kota Cirebon. Penelitian dilakukan pada PT. Tigaraksa Satria Tbk., dari bulan Januari sampai Februari 2018.

Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif, dengan teknik penelitian survey deskriptif. Pengumpulan data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara dengan konsumen pengecer PT. Tigaraksa Satria Tbk. Cirebon sebagai responden menggunakan daftar pertanyaan, dan data sekunder diperoleh dari instansi yang ada kaitannya dengan penelitian ini. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga produk dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pengecer digunakan analisis regresi linier berganda.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Harga produk secara parsial berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen pengecer. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa semakin baik harga produk (murah), maka akan meningkatkan kepuasan konsumen pengecer, (2) Kualitas pelayanan secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen pengecer. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa semakin baik kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan, maka akan meningkatkan kepuasan konsumen pengecer, dan sebaliknya jika kualitas pelayanan yang diberikan kurang baik, akan menurukan kepuasan konsumen pengecer, dan (3) Harga produk dan kualitas pelayanan secara simultan (bersama-sama) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsemen pengecer. Peningkatan kualitas pelayanan yang baik dan penetapan harga produk yang tercangkau konsumen dapat meningkatkan kepuasan konsumen pengecer.

Kata Kunci :  Harga, Kualitas Pelayanan dan Kepuasan Konsumen
Investigating the Effect of Some Train and Track Parameters on Contact-impact Forces in the Vicinity of a Rail Breakage
Authors: Tajalli Mosab Reza , Zakeri Jabbar Ali
Published: September 2019

Broken rails or welds are the main causes of derailment in railway networks. Therefore, a wheel-rail interaction model, which precisely estimates contact-impact forces in the presence of broken rails, can have a significant effect on derailment risk reduction. This paper attempts to present contact-impact forces in the vicinity of broken rails by employing a detailed 3D finite element model. The model is verified using a field test carried out on a ballasted railway track. Effects of train speed, gap length, axle load and railpad and ballast characteristics are studied on rail-wheel contact forces as well as on railpad and ballast forces. Results suggest that increasing the train speed from 60 km/h to 110 km/h would increase dynamic impact force from 2.46 to 4.11. It is also observed that increasing axle load results in an increase in the wheel-rail impact forces and in railpad and ballast forces, while leading to a reduced dynamic impact factor. Furthermore, investigating the effect of the track parameters demonstrates that ballast stiffness is the most important characteristic of the track, which has a reverse effect on dynamic impact forces. Moreover, unloading length increase and consequently derailment risk increase is highly sensitive to increasing train speed.
VULNERABILIDADE SOCIAL E DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO: Análise socioeconômica dos municípios de Pernambuco nos anos 2000
Authors: Simões Ana Clara Ramos , Balbino Tomás de Faria
Published: September 2019

A primeira década dos anos 2000 foi marcada por inúmeros avanços sociais no Brasil. Contudo, observa-se que as desigualdades regionais continuaram pertinentes, tanto no país, quanto nas unidades federativas, sendo que as regiões Norte e Nordeste foram as mais beneficiadas por esses avanços. Este trabalho teve como objetivo calcular um Índice de Ausência de Vulnerabilidade Social, sob duas perspectivas diferentes: desenvolvimento humano e vulnerabilidade dos indivíduos para o estado de Pernambuco. A análise dos resultados permite constatar avanços obtidos e como esses avanços são ilustrados nos resultados de cada perspectiva, além de permitir a visualização das mudanças socioeconômicos em termos regionais a partir de mapas temáticos que indicam os resultados dos municípios. Por fim, esse Índice constitui uma forma de priorizar e definir critérios na elaboração de políticas públicas para o estado de Pernambuco.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Vulnerabilidade Social. Desenvolvimento Humano. Índice Multidimensional.
Social Capital in Rural Areas of Vietnam and Its Impact on Households’ Life Satisfaction
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuong Anh , Tran Quynh Anh
Published: September 2019

Using data of the Vietnam Access to Resources Household Survey 2014, with the participation of 3,648 households in rural areas of 12 provinces in Vietnam and two models: OLS regression and ordered logit, this paper studied the determinants of social capital in the rural area of Vietnam. Moreover, the paper also analyzed the impact of social capital on life satisfaction and risk coping strategies. Results of regression models confirmed that social capital is the essential ingredient for the life satisfaction of the community and at the same time, social capital also has notable impacts on households’ post-risk recovery. In the relationship with the life satisfaction, all the variables representing social capital, except for general trust, positively affected the growth of life satisfaction of households, aside from physical factors such as income. Therefore, social capital, along with economic growth, was the biggest factor that can help households increase their life satisfaction.
Features, Opportunities and Application of Control Cards Accumulated Sum. Part 1. Graphic Evaluation Method Dilution Technological Process
Authors: Volodarsky E. , Kosheva L. , Pototsky I.
Published: September 2019

The article considers the possibility of maintaining in statistical controllable state the technological pro­cess with the use of control charts of accumulated sums. The principles of construction of these charts, features of the process disorder detection are shown. The feature of the control charts of accumulated sums is that, the decision regarding the statistical controllability of the pro­cess is made taking into account the preliminary information. The dots mapped do not correspond to indivi­dual measurement results or statistics, they display information about all the results obtained, from first to last, inclusive. This feature allows you to respond more quickly to signs of process disorder than when working with Shewhart control charts, where sample statistics are used for analysis, which are independent control results.
The characteristics relation of the charts with the establishment of errors of the 1st and 2nd kind when interpreting them using the hypothesis testing apparatus is considered. The article presents the theoretical substantiation and approaches to the application of sequential LQ (likelyhood quotient) criterion in process monitoring, describes the main parameters that influence decision making. A graphical interpretation of the application of the LQ criterion is given to improve the perception of information.
The method of graphical estimation of the process disorder with the use of V-mask, which is associated with the reversed LQ criterion, is also considered, if a disorder of the technological process is detected and it is necessary to set the time when it happened. At the same time, the right approach to constructing a V-mask template is very important, since in addition to the «opening» angle of the mask, the scaling factor must be taken into account. This coefficient is the ratio of the scale of the ordinate to the abscissa axis, and its failure to apply will lead to incorrect interpretation of the control results. A specific numerical example with an appropriate graphical representation of the results is considered.
The Means of Measuring Equipment Related to the Measurement of Mass in and Outside the Area of Legally Regulated Metrology
Authors: Ilnytska T. , Vasylykha Kh.
Published: September 2019

In the article the peculiarities of applying the requirements of the new edition of the Law of Ukraine «On metrology and metrological activity» to the means of measuring equipment, which are put into exploitation and used in and outside the area of legally regulated metrology are considered. The means of measuring equipment which are put into circulation, placed on the market or put into exploitation and used in the area of legally regulated metrology shall comply with the requirements of all applicable Technical Regulations (Directives for EU) applicable to them. On the example of the measuring instruments related to the measurement of mass describes the procedure for assessing compliance with the requirements of the Technical Regulations applicable to them. The list of normative documents that corresponds to the instruments of different types for presumption of conformity with the essential requirements of the relevant Technical Regulations are submitted. The information on the need for periodic verification of measuring equipment after conducting the conformity assessment procedure with the requirements of the Technical Regulations and after the end of the verification interval, which is established by the normative legal act of Ukraine is provided. The requirements for voluntary calibration of means of measuring equipment, which are used in and / or outside the area of legally regulated met­rology in accordance with the Law of Ukraine «On metrology and metrological activity» are considered. The enterprise must calibrate their standards and the means of measuring equipment to use to conduct their activities and / or to check the conformity of products and services to the established requirements. Because, the introduction of a certified quality management system in the enterprise requires compliance with the requirements of traceability and uncertainty of measurements. Conformity assessment bodies, including tes­ting and calibration laboratories, scientific metrology centers, metrology centers and verification laboratories, shall also calibrate their standards and means of measuring equipment with the intercalibration intervals set solely by the user, taking into account the guidelines specified in the regulations.
A escola perdendo o controle
Authors: Bokel Reis Cláudia Maria , Soares dos Santos William
Published: September 2019

Tendo por base uma perspectiva sociointeracional do discurso (GUMPERZ, 1982), a concepção de ética como ato responsável, desenvolvida por Bakhtin ([1924] 2012), a análise narrativa como um processo social (BASTOS; SANTOS, 2013), a construção de dados narrativos como uma autoetnografia (VERSIANI, 2002, 2005), bem como a discussão sobre a banalidade do mal de Arendt (1964), esta pesquisa investiga um memorial narrativo de formação escrito por uma estudante matriculada em um curso de Prática de Ensino de Professores de Português/Inglês em uma Universidade Federal no Rio de Janeiro. Na narrativa, analisamos a descrição da professora em formação a respeito do despreparo escolar e da violência envolvendo todos os atores do processo educacional, como vivenciado por ela no campo de estágio. Nossos resultados indicam que a professora em formação constrói uma narrativa a partir de uma posição avaliativa, na qual ela demonstra ter testemunhado episódios, tais como o de uma professora perdendo o controle de sua classe, de violência envolvendo alunos entre si e com outros atores na escola. A narrativa da professora em formação abordaquestões relativas à formação de professores, mal-entendidos discursivos e à violência retratada em diferentes aspectos das práticas diárias escolares. Mais importante ainda, a análise deste memorial aponta para a banalidade de como a violência perpetrou a prática e o discurso da escola. Os resultados mostram a necessidade de uma construção dialógica de conhecimentos e relações nas práticas escolares de todos os atores envolvidos no processo de formação inicial de professores, desafiando estudantes, professores e formadores de professores a inovar nas formas de conceber a epistemologia das ações performáticas de educar professores tanto em uma perspectiva teórica quanto prática.
Vozes sociais e relações de poder em The Handmaid’s tale
Authors: Rufino de Abreu Relines
Published: September 2019

Este artigo pretende investigar as relações entre as vozes sociaise as manobras do poder opressor presentes no romance The Handmaid’s Tale(1985), de Margaret Atwood. Pertencente ao gênero literário Distopia, essa produção incita discussões, como as feitas aqui, acerca das estratégias de poder utilizadas pelo governo representado na obra e as formas de resistência que os personagens encontraram para lutar e sobreviver em meio ao caos.
Dialética do esclarecimento
Authors: De AndradeSousa Gladson Fabiano
Published: September 2019

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar como se configura a crítica à ideia de progressovinculadaaodesenvolvimentotécnico-científiconapeça A Fábrica de Robôs,do checo Karel Tchápek, publicada em 1920. Como embasamento teórico, serão utilizados os pressupostos dos filósofos Adorno(2006) e Horkheimer(2006;2015),notocanteàcríticaaoprocessodeesclarecimento ocidental, sobre o qual afirmam que a razão foi instrumentalizada, perdendo, assim, sua capacidade crítica e se transformando em instrumento de dominação ealienação.
Entre admirável mundo novo e jogador número 1
Authors: Tagata Ferreira Isabella , Aparecida Borges Ferreira Pires Priscila
Published: September 2019

Com popularidade crescente desde sua consolidação, a literatura distópica atraiu e conquistouo público jovem, tornando-se best-seller.Tendo em mente a classificação errônea de obras não-distópicas como distopias, analisamos, de modo comparativo, o clássico Admirável Mundo Novo, (2014 [1932]), de Aldous Huxley, e o romance Jogador Número 1(2011),de Ernest Cline, observando seuspontos convergentes e divergentes,para estabelecer se a obra de Cline é, de fato, uma distopia.
Construção e avaliação de um museu virtual dos resíduos sólidos
Authors: Lúcia Rech Stedile Nilva , Rafael Faraco Giacomoni Rui
Published: September 2019

As tecnologias da informação permitiram a humanidade construir museus na dimensão virtual. O presente artigo relata a experiência da  construção de um site para abrigar o Museu Virtual Resíduos Sólido (MVRS) na área das Engenharias e Ciências Ambientais. A construção do site do MVRS foi dividida em duas etapas, (Revisão bibliográfica, Processo de construção do Museu), sendo a segunda dividida em cinco etapas (Elaboração de um fluxograma, Definição da organização do Museu e dos conceitos que o compõem, Processo de elaboração do site MVRS, Avaliação do MVRS e Socialização do MVRS). A avaliação do MVRS, mostrou que a construção do site do MVRS foi bem aceita pelo público. Destaca-se a necessidade de monitoramento e avaliação constante do Museu, como forma de garantir sua eficácia.
Concurrence entre critères morphologiques et critères sémantiques dans les accords de classe : le cas du jóola banjal
Authors: Bassene Alain-Christian
Published: September 2019

Dans beaucoup de langues à classes, seul est attesté l’accord morphologique entre le nom et ses déterminants ou entre le nom et le verbe. En jóola banjal (langue atlantique parlée au Sénégal) ce phénomène est attesté, mais il existe des conditions particulières dans lesquelles le critère sémantique l’emporte sur le critère morphologique. Cette présentation vise donc à présenter en détails cette situation de concurrence entre accord morphologique et accord sémantique tout en faisant un inventaire qui s’efforce d’être exhaustif des noms qui présentent ces particularités.
-og- in British Celtic and Notes on bro
Authors: Hamp Eric P.
Published: September 2019

1. L' évolution *-og->-ag-en Brittonique ancien est conditionnée par la place de l’accent (syllabe prétonique) et l’environnement r-g ; exemple , gall, troed «pied », pl. traed «pieds » (*troget-s, *troget-es) ; — 2. L’irl. traig gén. traiged remonte à *treget- ; le celtique *troget-/treget- viendrait de la même racine *dhregh- «courir » (sous la forme *sd(h)reg(h)~ >*treg-) qui a donné le nom d’agent *dhrogho- «roue » attesté en grec et *dhrogh- en arménien. — 3. Notes sur gall, bro «pays », et ses composés diffroedd «exilé » et cymro «gallois » (composé récent).
Varia
Authors: Hamp Eric P.
Published: September 2019

XII. — Sur le vocalisme -a-de v.irl. talam, tarathar (là où l'on attendrait *telam, *tairethar) ; XIII. — Étymologie du nom brittonique de l'automne, gall. hydref, bret. here ; XIV. — Un cas d’étymologie croisée, la racine *bher-</> «couler».
A note on Gaulish bissiet and buetid
Authors: Hollifield Henry
Published: September 2019

Gaulois bissíet, toncsiíontío, pissíiumíi, comportent un morphème de futur *-sie/o- qui se retrouve non pas dans le subjonctif gallois en -hoi (de *-sē-</>) mais dans la formation de l’imparfait brittonique.
激励机制用于事业单位岗位设置管理中的研究
Authors: 伊沙 穆提 •
Published: September 2019

随着社会的发展，事业单位也在不断地发展。事业单位是为人民群众提供社会公共服务的单位，很大程度上推动了社会的和谐建设，因此在中国的发展过程中，事业单位岗位设置管理是非常重要的，进一步推动了社会的发展。现如今，大部分的事业单位在实际的岗位设置管理过程中，存在很多的问题，例如，激励机制比较欠缺，从而使工作人员的热情不高，不利于事业单位的整体发展。
A Boy With Suspicion of Type V Glycogen Storage Disease
Authors: Mexitalia Maria , Pinilih Astri
Published: September 2019

Latar belakang : Glycogen storage disease subtipe V (GSD-V; penyakit McArdle; defisiensi miofosforilase; defisiensi fosforilase glikogen otot) disebabkan oleh mutasi pada gen fosforilase glikogen otot. Gejala klinis biasanya dimulai pada saat remaja awal dengan intoleransi latihan dan kekakuan otot. Mioglobinuria transien terjadi akibat rhabdomiolisis setelah latihan dan dapat menyebabkan gagal ginjal akut.

Kasus : Seorang anak laki-laki, usia 13 tahun dirujuk ke Rumah Sakit Dr.Kariadi dengan keluhan bengkak seluruh tubuh, urine berwarna hitam, demam, kaku pada jari-jari dan tidak dapat berjalan. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan edema general, paraparese innferior, paralisis nervus fasialis dan pembesaran lien. MRI kepala dengan kontras menunjukkan lesi multipel di nukleus kaudatus dan putamen bilateral. Hasil histopatologi biopsi hepar adalah penyakit metabolik yang cenderung merupakan kelainan metabolism karbohidrat.

Pembahasan :Hampir seluruh pasien dengan penyakit McArdle menunjukkan intoleransi latihan, seperti mudah lelah, nyeri otot, kontraktur dan mioglobinuria yang dipicu oleh latihan. Diagnosis definitif adalah berdasarkan pemeriksaan histokimiawi otot dengan tidak ditemukannya enzim fosoforilase otot. Penyakit McArdle tidak dapat disembuhkan dan tidak ada terapi khusus yang direkomendasikan.

Simpulan : Pasien didiagnosis dengan kecurigaan glycogen storage disease tipe V.. Pasien mendapatkan terapi nutrisi suplementasi vitamin B6, vitamin B12 dan fisioterapi. Terdapat beberapa pemeriksaan yang belum dapat dilakukan selama perawatan, yaitu forearm ischemic exercise, evaluasi mioglobinuria, kreatinin kinase dan analisis genetika.

Kata kunci : GSD tipe V, anak, penyakit metabolik
Radial Dependence of the Proto-globular Cluster Contribution to the Milky Way Formation
Authors: Chung Chul , Pasquato Mario , Lee Sang-Yoon , di Carlo Ugo N. , An Deokkeun , Yoon Suk-Jin , Lee Young-Wook
Published: September 2019

Recent interpretation of the color–magnitude diagrams of the Milky Way (MW) bulge has suggested that the observed double red-clump feature can be a natural consequence of He-enhanced stellar populations in the MW bulge. This implies that globular clusters (GCs), where the He-enhanced second-generation (SG) stars can be efficiently created, are the most likely candidate contributors of He-rich stars to the MW bulge. We extend this idea to the Galactic inner halo and investigate the fraction of the SG stars as a function of the Galactocentric distance. We use bluer blue horizontal branch (bBHB) stars, which are assumed to have originated from He-rich SG populations, as proxies of SG stars, and find that the fraction of bBHB stars increases with decreasing Galactocentric distance. Simulations of the GC evolution in the MW tidal field qualitatively support the observed trend of bBHB enhancement in the inner halo. In these simulations, the increasing tidal force with decreasing Galactocentric distance leads to stripping of stars not only from the outskirts but also from the central regions of GCs, where SG stars are more abundant. We discuss the implication and prospect of our findings concerning the formation history of the bulge and inner halo of the MW.
Aspectos metodológicos de los datos abiertos de investigación: análisis de los conjuntos de datos de la colección SciELO incluidos en Figshare
Authors: Travieso Rodríguez Críspulo , Ferreira Araújo Ronaldo
Published: September 2019

Los datos abiertos de investigación constituyen una oportunidad para el desarrollo colaborativo de la ciencia y abren nuevas perspectivas para la validación y difusión de los resultados científicos. La reutilización efectiva de estos datos requiere conocer tanto los procedimientos empleados para su obtención como las métricas de uso y consumo que van acumulando. El presente trabajo toma la colección íntegra de datos abiertos (348 datasets) de las revistas de SciELO disponibles para su consulta desde Figshare, con el objetivo de examinar sus metodologías de investigación y la naturaleza de los datos, en función de cómo han sido obtenidos y según sus categorías temáticas. Asimismo, se recopilan sus indicadores de uso y citación, los formatos de archivo y sus licencias de utilización. Los resultados muestran una mayoría de estudios cuantitativos frente a los cualitativos. Los conjuntos de datos más frecuentes son los obtenidos mediante observación, seguidos de los experimentales y derivados, aunque con variación en función de las disciplinas científicas, mientras que los indicadores de uso resultaron ser poco significativos aún para toda la colección.
Review on Fisher-Tropsch Synthesis Method in Liquid Fuel Production
Authors: Lalehloo Rahman Shakibaei , Ali Gomaa A. M. , Sadegh Hamidreza
Published: September 2019

This chapter describes the Fisher-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS) method. Although it has been already applied at industrial scale for a century, the FTS has gained renewed interests as it is a key step for converting alternative feedstocks, including biomass to transportation fuels. It is the means by which synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is converted to hydrocarbon products. The chapter explores that interest in FTS technology is increasing rapidly. In addition, the FTS process and products upgrading are discussed.
Guidance and Counselling Through the Teaching of Life Orientation
Authors: Tyilo Nonzukiso , Shumba Jenny
Published: September 2019

The education system in South Africa is exacerbated with challenges that influence the effective teaching and learning in school, for example, discipline, substance abuse, teenage pregnancy, low self-esteem, lack of positive role models, peer pressure, poor study habits, poverty, etc. Guidance and counselling nurture learners to make informed decisions and about life and this deepens learners' self-knowledge, beliefs, interests, etc. Since the dawn of democratic government in South Africa, guidance was phased out in schools and replaced with Life Orientation (LO). LO as a compulsory subject focuses on self in relation to others and society. It addresses skills, knowledge, and values for people to adopt a healthy lifestyle, involved in solving problems and make informed decisions. The teaching LO in schools prepares and empowers learners to become responsible citizens. The chapter aims to help LO teachers to understand the key role of LO in schools, in the midst of the challenges.
Fusible Glass Based on Glassy Chalcogenide Type Systems Ge-S(Se)Br, Ge-S(Se)I
Authors: Krylov Nikolai I. , Mikhailov Mikhail D. , Blinov Lev N. , Bochagina Elena V.
Published: September 2019

Theoretical and practical results on the preparation and investigation of low-melting glasses using the example of glassy chalcogenide glasses of the Ge-S-Br, Ge-Se-Br systems are presented and summarized. On the basis of fundamental properties of matter, correlations were identified with uniform positions. The glass formation regularities in the indicated chalcogenide and oxyhalide systems were determined. Areas and compositions of low-melting chalcogenide and oxyhalide glasses were considered. Approaches to obtaining of thermostable and difficult to crystallize low-melting glasses were found. Areas of their practical application were identified. On the basis of the obtained data, approaches and criteria for obtaining compositions of low-melting chalcogenide and oxide glasses with practically useful properties are formulated.
Has strategic planning made a difference to amphibian conservation research in South Africa?
Authors: Measey John , Tarrant Jeanne , Rebelo Alex , Turner Andrew , Du Preez Louis , Mokhatla Mohlamatsane , Conradie Werner
Published: September 2019

Background: Conservation relies on the strategic use of resources because monies for conservation action are limited, especially in developing countries. South Africa’s Frog Atlas project established a baseline for the country’s amphibian data and threat levels in 2004, and in 2009 a prioritisation exercise developed a strategy for conservation research.Objectives: In this article, we assess this strategy for conservation research.Method: We conducted a quantitative and qualitative assessment of research undertaken since the strategy was developed.Results: The strategy has produced a lasting impact on taxonomy, ecological studies, monitoring and capacity building. Publications in all areas have increased, but particularly in conservation ecology. Other indicators are increases in the numbers of locality records for target taxa, species descriptions and postgraduate degrees with amphibians as the principal topic. We document important milestones for South African amphibian conservation, including the first Biodiversity Management Plan for Species (BMP-S) for Hyperolius pickersgilli, a smart device app that uploads locality data to an open access database, 15 years of monitoring data and new amphibian identification books for adults and children. The Red List Index calculated for South African amphibians shows that the country’s species are becoming more threatened (a 1% reduction in 10 years), but a hindcasting exercise suggests that most of the damage was already done by 1990. We provide a checklist for 131 amphibian species in South Africa, of which 82 species are endemic.Conclusion: A strategy for conservation research was found to greatly augment the focus of research on South African frogs. A new strategy should focus on fewer taxa over meaningful time spans.
Optimal control problem for viscous systems of conservation laws, with geometric parameter, and application to the Shallow-Water equations
Authors: Court Sébastien , Kunisch Karl , Pfeiffer Laurent
Published: September 2019

A theoretical framework and numerical techniques to solve optimal control problems with a spatial trace term in the terminal cost and governed by regularized nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws are provided. Depending on the spatial dimension, the set at which the optimum of the trace term is reached under the action of the control function can be a point, a curve or a hypersurface. The set is determined by geometric parameters. Theoretically the lack of a convenient functional framework in the context of optimal control for hyperbolic systems leads us to consider a parabolic regularization for the state equation, in order to derive optimality conditions. For deriving these conditions, we use a change of variables encoding the sensitivity with respect to the geometric parameters. As illustration, we consider the shallow-water equations with the objective of maximizing the height of the wave at the final time, a wave whose location and shape are optimized via the geometric parameters. Numerical results are obtained in 1D and 2D, using finite difference schemes, combined with an immersed boundary method for iterating the geometric parameters.
Experimental Thermal Analysis in Rotary Friction Welding of Dissimilar Materials
Authors: Alves Eder Paduan , Toledo Rafael Cardoso , Botter Fabio Gabarra , An Chen Ying
Published: September 2019

Rotary friction welding process (RFW) is one of the most used processes in the world for manufacturing bimetallic components that require high mechanical strength. All process occurs in solid state at temperatures below the melting point of the involved materials, having as the main bonding mechanisms the diffusion and mechanical mixture. The purpose of this work was to carry out an experimental thermal analysis of the dissimilar joint AA6351 T6 aluminum and AISI 304L stainless steel during the friction welding operation through system of thermocouples. Gradients of temperature obtained had their data analyzed and recorded. Results of the experimental thermal analysis showed the behavior of the temperature in the bonding interface, how the dissipation occurs in the radial and longitudinal direction, heating rates, cooling, maximum temperatures reached, its relationship with the different stages of the process and the influence on mechanical properties of welded joint. This study is of great importance for relating the temperature distribution in the bonding interface with atomic diffusion and mechanical resistance of junction.
Avaliação da capacidade funcional de pacientes atendidos em um ambulatório perioperatório do Distrito Federal
Authors: Gomes Jacqueline Ramos de Andrade Antunes , Lôbo Campos Thaís , Miranda Verner Glayson Carlos , Brelaz de Abreu Leonília , De Mendonça Motta Ana Caroline , Da Silva Araújo Weslei , Santos Ribeiro Letícia , Villela Silva Derré Torres Rafael , Carvalho Sousa Anna Karoline , Matinada da Silva Tâmela Beatriz , Ferreira Passos Janaina
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: Identificar a capacidade funcional de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de avaliação perioperatória do Hospital Regional do Gama (APA-HRG), no Distrito Federal, bem como estabelecer relação com as estratificações cardíacas utilizadas. Método: Estudo observacional, descritivo, retrospectivo, com coleta de dados dos registros nos prontuários das consultas pré-operatórias de 292 pacientes triados como alto risco, executadas por equipe de médicos anestesiologistas e enfermeiros, realizadas no APA-HRG no período de junho de 2014 a junho de 2016. Resultados: O perfil da amostra constituiu-se, em sua maioria, por indivíduos do gênero feminino (78,77%), maiores de 60 anos (48,35%), não obesos (69,44%), encaminhados principalmente pela clínica ginecológica (39,79%), diagnosticados com hipertensão arterial sistêmica (44,17%) e tabagistas (12,67%). A capacidade funcional foi classificada como excelente em 63,18% (>10 equivalentes metabólicos) dos pacientes. Foi constatada associação significativa entre os equivalentes metabólicos e as estratificações da American Society of Anesthesiologists, do Índice de Risco Cardíaco Revisado e da Classificação Funcional da New York Heart Association. Conclusão: A maioria dos prontuários analisados era de pacientes com excelente capacidade funcional, apresentando associação significativa com as estratificações estudadas
Genetic Variation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Introgressed Maize Inbred Lines for Economic Traits
Authors: Musundire L. , Derera J. , Dari S. , Tongoona P.
Published: September 2019

Knowledge of the effects of introgressing temperate maize germplasm in tropical elite inbred lines on genetic variation and relationship between grain yield and its components is limited. In this study, the objective was to evaluate introgressed maize inbred lines for selected economic traits. Field evaluation was carried out on 122 inbred lines comprising sets of introgressed lines from three selection environments, parental inbred lines and two common checks. Genetic variation was significant (P < 0.05) for all the major economic traits among inbred lines within and across sets. Heritability estimates ranged from low (0.21%) to high (91%) for stalk lodging and silking days, respectively. Comparison of means of inbred lines sets illustrated that environmental effect had influence on grain yield of introgressed lines. Grain yield and ear prolificacy performance across sets also illustrated that introgression of temperate germplasm in tropical elite inbred lines was effective. Spearman’s rank correlation analysis on grain yield and ear prolificacy highlighted correlation between selection environments. Correlation among traits demonstrated that grain yield had significant (P < 0.05) positive correlation with plant and ear aspects, plant height, root and stalk lodging, ear prolificacy and grain moisture content at harvest. Further, decomposing of correlation using path coefficient analysis showed significant (P < 0.05), and moderate direct effects of ear prolificacy and plant height on grain yield; indicating that these traits had the highest contribution towards grain yield. Generally indirect effects of secondary traits on grain yield potential of inbred lines was negligible. Therefore, direct selection of plant height and ear prolificacy will be emphasised during introgression of temperate germplasm in tropical elite inbred lines.
Microbiological and Microscopic Analysis of Sugarcane Syrup
Authors: Belé Jhéssica Samara A. H. S. , Vicentini-Polette Carolina M. , Ceccato-Antonini Sandra Regina , Spoto Marta Helena F. , Belini Valdinei Luis , Verruma-Bernardi Marta Regina
Published: September 2019

Sugarcane syrup is defined as the product obtained by the concentration of sugarcane juice (Saccharum officinarum L.) or from melted cane rapadure. This product has good acceptance in the Brazilian market and can be used as a sweetener in substitution of refined sugar, besides containing important minerals. This study analyzed samples of sugarcane syrup based on its microbiological and microscopic properties. In total, 15 commercial brands of sugarcane syrups were analyzed. No brands had the presence of flat-sour thermophilic bacteria, total coliforms or Escherichia coli, while five brands were contaminated with mesophilic bacteria, molds, and yeasts. Microscopic analysis, performed under optical light transmission microscopy, revealed that 14 (93%) brands contained some kind of dirt or foreign material, with only one brand (M) according to the standards. The Brazilian standard in force (RDC, 2001) specifies the microbiological standards for food but does not contain important information for sugarcane syrup, and an update is required.
Interactive trace clustering
Authors: R. Neubaer Thais , Fantinato Marcelo , M. Peres Sarajane
Published: September 2019

Process mining aims to automatically discover, analyze and improve business processes. Trace clustering is a task commonly used to reduce the inherent complexity of processes by identifying patterns. This research focuses on the application of experts knowledge in process mining through interactive clustering, referred to herein as interactive trace clustering. The aim is to improve trace clustering by reducing potential losses arising from arbitrary assumptions on the similarity between the datapoints, what is commonly required in unsupervised scenarios. Initial experiments considered partitioning clustering and three representation schemes for traces. Preliminary results show potential to improve the trace clustering quality by inserting experts knowledge.
Speaker Discrimination Using Long-Term Spectrum of Speech
Authors: Sigmund Milan
Published: September 2019

In this article, we investigate a specific long-term speech spectrum with respect to its use for speaker recognition. The long-term effect was satisfied by averaging short-term autocorrelation coefficients over the whole utterance. The long-term spectrum was calculated by means of second-order linear prediction using the average autocorrelation coefficients. First, speaker discriminability of 32 individual parameters was evaluated by combining spectral energy and spectral slope in eight different frequency bands covering the range 0−4 kHz (seven narrow nonoverlapping subbands and one band spanning over the full range). Then, four subbands with the most discriminative capability were selected for speaker recognition. These subbands involve the frequencies of 0−1.2 kHz in total. In the main experiments, text-independent speaker recognition based on relative Euclidean distance was performed in each single subband as well as in multiple 2 to 4 subbands applying two types of speech data, complete continuous speech and voiced part of the same speech. The voiced speech seems to be generally more effective for speaker recognition using the long-term speech spectrum. The best recognition rates, i.e. 91.7% on complete speech and 100% on voiced speech, were achieved in optimal paired subbands. The long-term speech spectrum can complement the traditional voice features.
All change for climate change
Authors: Walker Tony R
Published: September 2019

Governments, corporations and individuals all need to take immediate action to help change the global economy toward a circular economy. A circular economy which uses fewer resources and based on renewable clean technologies to help limit global warming to 1.5 °C. The 2018 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report warned that limiting global warming to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels would require current greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions to be cut in half by 2030. Yet actions by governments, corporations and individuals are lagging behind. Many countries are failing their obligations made under the 2015 Paris climate agreement. Even the International Maritime Organization, a United Nations agency set a 50% reduction target of GHG emissions for global shipping by 2050, but this falls short of the IPCC target by 20 years. The United Nations climate summit in New York this week (September 2019) needs to send a strong wake up call to the entire world for us all to change. Change makers like Greta Thunberg has already done that. Individual actions to change consumer behaviour can play a major role to help reduce GHG emissions. Even reducing use of single-use plastics (a petroleum derivative) and incineration can help reduce GHG emissions. GHG emissions from plastics could reach 15% of the global carbon budget by 2050 if not curbed. In Europe, plastic production and incineration emits an estimated ~400 million tonnes of CO2 per year. Therefore, reducing single-use plastic use could curb GHG emissions.
Population adaptation in efficient balanced networks
Authors: Gutierrez Gabrielle J , Denève Sophie
Published: September 2019

Adaptation is a key component of efficient coding in sensory neurons. However, it remains unclear how neurons can provide a stable representation of external stimuli given their history-dependent responses. Here we show that a stable representation is maintained if efficiency is optimized by a population of neurons rather than by neurons individually. We show that spike-frequency adaptation and E/I balanced recurrent connectivity emerge as solutions to a global cost-accuracy tradeoff. The network will redistribute sensory responses from highly excitable neurons to less excitable neurons as the cost of neural activity increases. This does not change the representation at the population level despite causing dynamic changes in individual neurons. By applying this framework to an orientation coding network, we reconcile neural and behavioral findings. Our approach underscores the common mechanisms behind the diversity of neural adaptation and its role in producing a reliable representation of the stimulus while minimizing metabolic cost.
Intergenerational effects of early adversity on survival in wild baboons
Authors: Zipple Matthew N , Archie Elizabeth A , Tung Jenny , Altmann Jeanne , Alberts Susan C
Published: September 2019

Early life adversity can affect an individual’s health, survival, and fertility for many years after the adverse experience. Whether early life adversity also imposes intergenerational effects on the exposed individual’s offspring is not well understood. We fill this gap by leveraging prospective, longitudinal data on a wild, long-lived primate. We find that juveniles whose mothers experienced early life adversity exhibit high mortality before age 4, independent of the juvenile’s own experience of early adversity. These juveniles often preceded their mothers in death by 1 to 2 years, indicating that high adversity females decline in their ability to raise offspring near the end of life. While we cannot exclude direct effects of a parent’s environment on offspring quality (e.g., inherited epigenetic changes), our results are completely consistent with a classic parental effect, in which the environment experienced by a parent affects its future phenotype and therefore its offspring’s phenotype.
The frequency limit of outer hair cell motility measured in vivo
Authors: Vavakou Anna , Cooper Nigel P , van der Heijden Marcel
Published: September 2019

Outer hair cells (OHCs) in the mammalian ear exhibit electromotility, electrically driven somatic length changes that are thought to mechanically amplify sound-evoked vibrations. For this amplification to work, OHCs must respond to sounds on a cycle-by-cycle basis even at frequencies that exceed the low-pass corner frequency of their cell membranes. Using in vivo optical vibrometry we tested this theory by measuring sound-evoked motility in the 13–25 kHz region of the gerbil cochlea. OHC vibrations were strongly rectified, and motility exhibited first-order low-pass characteristics with corner frequencies around 3 kHz– more than 2.5 octaves below the frequencies the OHCs are expected to amplify. These observations lead us to suggest that the OHCs operate more like the envelope detectors in a classical gain-control scheme than like high-frequency sound amplifiers. These findings call for a fundamental reconsideration of the role of the OHCs in cochlear function and the causes of cochlear hearing loss.