bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Előszó a Lukács Györgyről írott tanulmányokhoz
Authors: Forczek Ákos
Published: September 2023

A Társadalomelméleti Kollégium 2022 márciusában kétnapos konferenciát szervezett „Lukács 50+1” címmel, azaz Lukács György (1885–1971) halálának ötvenedik – illetve vis maior miatt végül is ötvenegyedik – évfordulója alkalmából. Lapszámunk súlyponti része, a Lukácsról szóló – ennyiben tematikus egységet képező – nyolc tanulmány zöme a konferencián elhangzott előadásokból nőtt ki. Minthogy a szerkesztési munkálatok ugyancsak elhúzódtak, így csupán most, az Elpis 2023/1. számában közölhetjük ezeket az írásokat, vagyis abban az évben, amikor a res publica literaria világszerte a Történelem és osztálytudat megjelenésének centenáriumára emlékezik. Konferenciák sokaságán értelmezik és vitatják a 20. század egyik legnagyobb hatású filozófiai szövegét; a számtalan tanulmánynak és tanulmánykötetnek, egy seregnyi folyóirat special issue-jának köszönhetően idén új lendületet vesz a „nyugati marxizmus” e kulcsművéről folytatott (amúgy mindig is életteli) diszkusszió; és persze sorra napvilágot látnak az 1923-as könyv új kiadásai is – például magyarul a Gondolat Kiadónál (javított fordításban), németül az Aisthesis Verlagnál (Lukács jegyzetekkel ellátott munkapéldányának nagyszerű facsimile-kiadásában), angolul pedig a Verso gondozásában (várhatóan az év végén).Tematikus blokkunkkal tehát mi is bekapcsolódunk a centenáriumi diskurzusba, jóllehet az itt publikált írások – a tavalyi TEK konferencia nyitott, az életmű egészét átfogó horizontja miatt – nem kizárólag a Történelem és osztálytudatra koncentrálnak. Véleményem szerint ez szerencsésen alakult így. Nem mintha úgy gondolnám, hogy fölösleges volna egy újabb special issue Lukács dermesztő-lenyűgöző remekművéről. Ellenkezőleg: nem kétséges, hogy nagyon keveset tudunk még a Történelem és osztálytudatról. (Kaptunk-e már monografikus válaszjavaslatokat például arra a kérdésre, hogy egyáltalán „mi jellemzi” a hegeliánus marxizmus 1923-as konfigurációját? Ehhez persze hibádzik az intenzív Hegel- és Marx-kutatás is.) Mégis szerencsésnek tartom, hogy számunk szerzőinek a témaválasztását még nem befolyásolhatták a centenáriumi elvárások és kötelességek, hazánkban ugyanis különösen fontosnak tűnik, hogy olyasféle „Lukács-panorámák” is szülessenek, amilyet az Elpis tár most az olvasó elé. [...]
Epokhé és idegenészlelés a fenomenológiában. Az empátia/beleérzés és a megérzés problémája
Authors: Bene Adrián
Published: September 2023

A cikk az empátia, illetve beleérzés (Einfühlung) fogalmának fenomenológiai megközelítéseit vizsgálja, figyelembe véve az epokhé, az ismeretelméleti szolipszizmus, az interszubjektivitás, a test kérdéseit. Lipps, Husserl, Scheler és Edith Stein empátiával kapcsolatos elgondolásainak felidézése után Lisa Blackman nyomán a megérzést, az idegenészlelésnek egy közvetlenebb, nem testileg közvetített észlelési módjának figyelembe vételét javaslom. Ez az „affektív átvitel” mint a fenomenológiai intencionalitás egy formája megoldást kínálhat a transzcendentális interszubjektivitás husserli koncepciójának apóriáira.
Egy lépésre a teljességtől. A „Majdnem” kategóriája és a klasszikus esztétika kapcsolata a Heidelbergi művészetfilozófiában
Authors: Fekete Kristóf
Published: September 2023

Tanulmányomban Lukács György Heidelbergi esztétikáját vizsgálom, mégpedig abból a szempontból, hogy „befogadáselméletében” hogyan írja le az esztétikai élmény sajátos szubjektumát. Amellett érvelek, hogy a fiatal Lukács a befogadó pozícióját a klasszikus esztétikai neveléselméletekhez hasonlóan alkotja meg, ám egy olyan eszkatologikus modellben, mely előrevetíti a nyugati marxizmus művészetfilozófiai kísérleteit is. Azt állítom, hogy a megváltás kapujában, de mindig csak a kapujában magát megformáló, a megváltásra áhítozó, önmagát végtelen problémák sokaságaként megteremtő esztétikai szubjektum a XX. század második felének (marxista) kritikai gondolkodásához közelebb álló nézethez vezet, mint a kései (marxista) Nagyesztétika.
Eldologiasodás a Globális Társadalmi Gyárban. Lukács jelentősége a kapitalizmus globális szemléletében
Authors: Csányi Gergely
Published: September 2023

E tanulmány arra a kérdésre keresi a választ, hogy Lukács György eldologiasodásfogalma mit képes hozzáadni a kapitalizmus globális értelmezéseihez. A latin-amerikai dependencia- és informalitáskutatások, a részben azokból kinőtt világrendszer-elemzési hagyomány, továbbá az autonomista marxizmusból kinőtt elemzési keretek egyaránt arra hívják fel a figyelmet, hogy a globális kapitalizmusban nem a folyamatos racionalizáció a tőkés felhalmozás előfeltétele és nem szándékolt következménye, hanem a tőkés felhalmozás a különböző racionális és irracionális, formális és informális, bérmunkán alapuló és fizetetlen munkán alapuló termelési tevékenységek különböző léptékű összekapcsolódásán nyugszik. Ezért az informális, illetve nem bérmunka jellegű munkaformák is végső soron értéktöbbletet termelnek a tőkének. A tanulmányban először bemutatom Marx fogalmait az elidegenedésről és nem termelő munkáról, majd e másodikat kritikának vetem alá, végül áttekintem az elidegenedés és az eldologiasodás jelenségét a Globális Társadalmi Gyárban.
Lukács természet- és tudományfelfogásának összefüggései
Authors: Ropolyi László
Published: September 2023

Lukács a Történelem és osztálytudatban határozottan elutasította a dialektikus módszer alkalmazhatóságát a természet megismerésében. Később azonban saját korábbi álláspontját a mű egyik legjelentősebb hibájaként azonosította, s ennek szellemében megváltoztatta a véleményét: lehetséges és szükséges is a természet dialektikus értelmezése, olyannyira, hogy az egy marxista ontológia fundamentális komponense kell legyen. A társadalmi lét ontológiájáról ennek figyelembevételével készült. Lukács természetfelfogása tehát a két mű megírása között eltelt évtizedekben jelentősen változott. Ugyanakkor ez a változás nem volt független Lukács tudományfelfogásának változásától sem. Dolgozatomban szeretném világosabbá tenni Lukács természet- és tudományfelfogásának kölcsönös alakulását.
PENGARUH PENGAJARAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS BAGI PEMELAJAR BIPA TINGKAT PEMULA
Authors: Halawa Servina , Bukit Bethesda , Panjaitan Lumongga Devitasari , Nasution Jamaluddin
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengajaran keterampilan menulis BIPA bagi tingkat pemula. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskripsi dengan menggunakan kualitatif. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan dengan melakukan obsevasi serta study literatur (Metode Studi literatur adalah serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat, serta mengelolah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka diperoleh data bahwa pengaruh dalam pengajaran Menulis bagi Penutur BIPA sangat berdampak dengan keberhasilan pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai pengaruh pengajaran menulis bagi BIPA tingkat Pemula adalah Menggunakan media digitalisasi pembelajaran melalui metode langsung (luring) dan google classroom Penutur asing dapat menciptakan suatu tulisan dengan media pulpen dan kertas yang berisi tentang pengalaman secarap pribadi. Ada empat ketrampilan berbahasaMembaca, Menulis, Menyimak dan Berbicara. Seorang pemelajar BIPA harus mampu menguasai 4 Keterampilan dalam berbahasa, dengan tujuan agar memudahkan kemahiran dan pemahaman terhadap bahasa itu sendiri, misalnya bahasa Indonesia. Bahasa Indonesia merupakan bahasa yang menarik, bahasa yang mudah diucapkan dan bahasa yang mudah dipahami. Melalui keterampilan menulis penutur BIPA akan memudahkan dalam kemahiran dalam berkomunikasi menggunakan Bahasa Indonesia.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROJECT BASED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V SDN 2 PURWAWINANGUN
Authors: Indah Tiara , Simbolon Marlina Eliyanti , Praramdana Gilang Kripsiyadi
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan model pembelajaran project based learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas V SDN 2 Purwawinangun Kecamatan Kuningan Kabupaten Kuningan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode Quasi Eksperimental dengan desain Non Equivalent Control Group Design. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah model pembelajaran project based learning dan variabel terikatnya adalah siswa kelas V SDN 2 Purwawinangun tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Dengan jumlah keseluruhan 50 siswa, yang terdiri dari 26 siswa kelas VA sebagai kelas kontrol dan 24 siswa kelas VB sebagai kelas eksperimen. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan tes yang terdiri dari pretest dan posttest. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, uji t, dan N-Gain. Hasil penelitian menunjukan terdapat perbedaan dan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa pada kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan model pembelajaran project based learning dan tidak menggunakan model pembelajaran project based learing. Hal tersebut ditandai dengan hasil uji t yang menunjukan  diterima karena  > . Sedangkan hasil uji n-gain menunjukan bahwa kelas eksperimen memiliki kategori sedang dan kelas kontrol memiliki kategori rendah.
Addendum: Challenging the Maligning of Homemade Human Milk Substitutes During a Shortage of Commercial Formula
Authors: Watters Amanda , Holpuch Meghan , Solomonian Leslie
Published: September 2023

Addendum to: CAND Journal. 2023;30(2):14–19.https://doi.org/10.54434/candj.130
Correlational Study of Students’ Moodle Log for Assessments and Feedback on Assessments on Moodle for a Mandatory Pre-Degree English Course
Authors: Karishma Komal , Raghuwaiya Krishna
Published: September 2023

This study explored the correlation between students’ Moodle logs on assessments and feedback on assessments on LLFXX Moodle page. Nine forms of assessments and four forms of feedback on assessments on LLFXX Moodle page were studied. Four of these assessments are part of students’ continuous assessments which add up to 50% of their Course work. Three of the feedbacks on assessments are for these continuous assessed assignments and tests. 80 Blended mode students from the Laucala campus of the university participated in this research. LLFXX, which is a mandatory pre-degree English course was used for the purpose of this research. A quantitative research method was employed to analyse data. Data was extracted on Moodle logs of LLFXX Blended mode Laucala students and were analyzed using two statistical tests. Pearson’s chi-square test in SPSS was used to find the correlation between Moodle logs for assessments and feedback for assessments on LLFXX Moodle page. Pearson’s correlational coefficient test from SPSS was used to find the degree of association between Moodle logs for each of the assessments and their feedbacks in LLFXX. There was no correlation (statistically insignificant) found between the Moodle logs for test 2 for LLFXX and Moodle logs for feedback on tests. However, there was a statistically significant correlation found between the Moodle logs of other assessments and their feedback for LLFXX.
Cultivating Ecological Understandings in Participatory Action Research - Insights from Dharma Yoga Metaphor
Authors: Wagle Shree Krishna
Published: September 2023

As a PhD researcher, I worked with Participatory Action Research (PAR). To this reference, this paper reflects upon my personal experiences and intellectual development in maintaining inner calm and balance when faced with the outcomes and reactions of practitioner research that follow. I achieved this by utilizing the metaphor of Dharma Yoga, derived from the Vedic tradition. In this reflective inquiry, my focus lies in the field of education, where the application of Dharma Yoga metaphor emphasizes ecological principles like authenticity, relationality, and ethical responsibility. Through this emphasis, I hypothesized that ecological PAR encourages individual growth and societal advancement through inner transformation and outer manifestation of those involved in PAR. My reflection, first, observed the prevalence of the procedural aspects of the PAR model prevalent in the Northern Hemisphere, which centers on organizational learning. Thereafter, my reflective observations shifted to the values of fairness, self-governance, and empowerment embodied in the Southern Hemisphere’s PAR paradigm. Mindful of the limitations in both forms of PAR, I began integrating the metaphor of Vedic Dharma Yoga, which eventually created an additional dimension of ecological epistemology. This framework involved reflective introspection, practical implementation, and collaborative involvement as means, through which practitioner researchers in the field of PAR can engage in selfless practical activities and maintaining inner calm and balance throughout the process. Also, it acknowledged the valuable attributes of both Northern and Southern PAR paradigms while enriching them with the intricate ethical connections between practitioner-researchers and their practical applications.
Botulinum toxin-A injection improves motor recovery in patients with stroke
Authors: c Arzu , Alp Selin , Akta lknur , nar P , zkan Feyza
Published: September 2023

Aim: Spasticity that occurs after a stroke may contribute to disability. Botulinum toxin type-A (BTX-A) injections are commonly used to manage spasticity. This study sought to determine the effectiveness of BTX-A injections on spasticity and motor recovery in patients with stroke.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-five patients with stroke scheduled for BTX-A injection for spasticity were included in the study. The patients were analyzed in two groups: upper limb and lower limb group. A single dose of BTX-A was applied to the patients. Before, 2, and 12 weeks after BTX-A injections, motor function was assessed using Brunnstrom recovery stages, and spasticity was evaluated according to Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS). The lower limb group additionally underwent the Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC) and 10-meter walking test.
Results: Mean age of patients was 54.96 ± 12.84 years. Eighteen patients were enrolled in the upper limb group and 23 in the lower limb group. Clinical evaluation of the upper limb group two weeks after injections demonstrated a significant decrease in shoulder adductor muscle MAS, elbow, wrist, and finger flexor muscles MAS, and a significant improvement in Brunnstrom recovery stages for the upper limb and hand (p<0.05). At week 12, spasticity decreased only for the shoulder adductor muscles. In the lower limb group, clinical evaluation at week 2 showed a decrease in the knee extensor and toe flexor muscles MAS. Assessment of the patients at week 12 found a significant improvement in Brunnstrom recovery stage for the lower limbs (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant recovery in the FAC and 10-meter walking test (p>0.05).
Conclusion: This study supports that BTX-A injections are effective for improving spasticity and motor function in patients with stroke.
Lumbar Radiological Pseudo-Bulging Patterns
Authors: z Abdullah
Published: September 2023

Objective: The most interesting humanoid fracture is probably the pars interarticularis defect. The main aim of our study is to describe the pseudo-bulging patterns in sagittal images in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Thus, it aims to increase pars interarticularis defects recognizability with MRI. Radiation exposure in tomography may be eliminated.

Materials and Methods: Our study is single-center, non-randomized, retrospective, and observational. Level of pars interarticularis defect, complete-incomplete formation, presence of pedicular involvement, and unilateral or bilateral pars interarticularis defect were observed and noted in lumbar tomography. Pseudobulging patterns were observed on lumbar magnetic resonance imaging. Adobe Photoshop® 2023 was used to filter the pseudo-bulging images. The shape and form of the pseudo-bulging patterns were observed and noted. Descriptive statistics were used in our study.
Results: Various pars interarticularis defects were detected in 24 patients on computed tomography images. 14 were female and 10 were male. In our study, pseudo-bulging patterns revealed a distinctive appearance in 21 of 24 cases. We defined 4 different pseudo-bulging shapes and forms.
Conclusion: We revealed four different pseudo-bulging patterns in sagittal MRI images of patients with confirmed pars interarticularis defects by tomography. Learning the pseudo-bulging patterns and shapes will facilitate the identification of the pars interarticularis defect on the MRI.
The relationship between Suicidal Ideation and Internet Gaming Disorder-Game Genres in Adolescents
Authors: ur mer , nmez Yunus
Published: September 2023

Objective: Psychiatric disorders can cause the development of suicidal ideation. One of them is internet gaming disorder. Internet gaming disorder is also under the influence of the genres of games played. We have limited information about whether the game genres cause the development of suicidal ideation. In this study, we investigated the relationship between suicidal ideation and internet gaming disorder with game genres.
Materials and Method: 1337 adolescent participants aged 12-18 years were included in the study. Demographic and online game data forms, game addiction scale-short form and children's depression scales were filled in by the participants. A comparison was made between the two groups that described suicidal ideation and those that did not.
Results: In the comparison, female gender, internet gaming disorder and major depressive disorder were significant between the groups. A significant difference was found only in multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games among game genres.
Conclusion: Suicidal ideation; It is an important public problem leading to suicide planning, attempting and completed suicide. Problematic use of internet video games in adolescents is increasing. We think that some genres of games mediate the development of suicidal ideation.
Application of landmark guided screw in ankle syndesmos diastasis surgery
Authors: z mesut , kmen mehmet
Published: September 2023

Objective: Screw used in the treatment of ankle syndesmosis diastasis can be placed in malposition. Our aim in the study is to define a new technique for sending the screws in the right direction.
Material and Methods: The ankle tomography of 188 patients was evaluated. First, the medial malleolus root was divided into three equal parts in axial CT section. Then, a screw model was drawn to fit the fibula to the concave surface in the tibia in another axial CT section where the syndesmosis joint is prominent.These two axial CT sections were placed on top of each other with computer program. Results are noted
Results: While 95.7% of the screw simulations were passing through the front 1/3, 4.3% through the middle 1/3, the screw did not pass through the rear 1/3 in any simulation. 187 of these lines passed between the most lateral peak of the fibula and 3 mm posterior.
Conclusion: During diastasis surgery, the insertion site of the drill should be chosen between the sharp peak of the fibula and the 3mm posterior. When the drill is placed in this way and directed 1/3 anterior to the medial malleolus, our screw will be sent in the correct position. Our study revealed that the surgical treatment of syndesmos dissociation with screws is a landmark independent of the patient's position and the skill of the surgeon. There is no other study like this study. However, considering the consistency of our results with the literature, we believe that our study can guide surgeons in practical applications
Evaluation Of Serological, Biochemical And Imaging Findings With Hydatid Cyst Patients
Authors: Bozdag Pinar
Published: September 2023

Objective: Hydatid cyst is a serious disease caused. The liver (50-70%) and, less frequently, the lungs (18-35%), are affected most. Diagnosis is made by evaluating the patient's clinical history, imaging findings, and serologic and immunologic tests together. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging are used as imaging methods. Most classifications are made according to imaging findings. We aimed to present our experience by evaluating the relationship between age, sex, location and size of cysts, stage, indirect hemagglutination test, and laboratory and imaging findings in patients with hydatid cyst.
Methods and Material: Retrospectively, We have evaluated the demographic data, laboratory examinations and imaging from 60 patient with diagnosis of hydatid cyst. These results were analyzed to assess and compared with each other.
Results: The most commonly affected age group was 25-45 years. The most frequently involved lobe was the right lobe and segment 6. No caudate lobe involvement was detected. There was no elevation of eosinophil count in patients with extrahepatic involvement.
Conclusions: The combination of clinical history, radiological and serological test results is valuable in the diagnosis of hydatid cyst. In addition, the presence of multiple cysts should be investigated in patients with high eosinophil value. The possibility of multiple cysts in the liver should be kept in mind in hydatid cyst patients with elevated aspartate transaminase level.
Bilateral Thigh Abscess Due to Rectal Fistula: A Rare Case Report With Silent Clinical
Presentation
Authors: lu Muhammed , Dalda Yasin , zde H , zdemir Zeynep , rk Okan
Published: September 2023

A 53-year-old male patient who underwent a rectal cancer operation nine years ago was evaluated with complaints of pain and swelling in the lateral thigh. Radiological imaging revealed abscess foci in the right thigh muscles. Surgical drainage and debridement were performed but developed recurrence. Contrast-enhanced abdominal tomography was performed due to a positive medical history and it was seen that an enterocutaneous fistula was formed from the anastomosis site of previous cancer surgery to both sides of the thigh. Bilateral thigh abscesses were drained and radical debridement was performed in the same session with surgery for the fistula. Pathological examination of the surgical specimens showed no evidence of cancer and the patient was discharged on the 14th postoperative day with complete resolution of the infection. Hip abscesses are rare, delays in the diagnosis and treatment of the underlying cause in cases of abscess secondary to abdominal or pelvic pathologies lead to an increase in mortality. Therefore, it should be kept in mind that thigh abscesses may be another side of the coin besides being seen as an isolated infection.
Comparison of open and laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery based on chronic pain, paraesthesia and recurrence
Authors: lu Ahmet , Buldanl Mehmet , aner Burak , Kesikli Sacit , Lapsekili Emin
Published: September 2023

Aim: To assess the preoperative and operative findings and postoperative early and late complications in patients who were operated on electively and to compare the factors affecting these results through open and laparoscopic hernia techniques.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, the patients were initially divided into two groups as open inguinal hernia repair (OIHR) and laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LIHR); then the LIHR group was divided into two subgroups as transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and total extraperitoneal (TEP) groin hernia repair with respect to the operation techniques. Preoperative, operative, and early and sixth-month late-period complications of the patients were statistically analyzed.
Results: In a total of 241 patients included in the study, 170 patients were included in the OIHR group, and 71 patients were included in the LIHR group (TAPP=20, TEP=51). No statistically significant difference was noted between the OIHR and LIHR groups and between the TAPP and TEP subgroups in terms of chronic pain, paraesthesia, and recurrence.
Conclusions: We believe that there is no difference in long-term results between open and laparoscopic elective inguinal hernia surgery.
Single cannulated screw fixation is associated with good mid term outcomes in slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Authors: soydan zafer , ceylan hasan
Published: September 2023

Objective
Slipped capital femoral epiphyisis (SCFE ) is a common pathology requiring immediate surgical intervention. This study aims to assess the clinical and radiological midterm outcomes of SCFE patients fixed with a single cannulated screw.
Material And Methods
We examined 7 hips of 6 patients treated with SCFE and evaluated mid-term results in our study. Medical records and radiographs were reviewed for slip characteristics. SCFE cases were classified as stable or unstable, and stability was confirmed by perioperative scopy. For clinical evaluation, the Heyman-Herndon classification was utilized. All patients underwent surgical treatment on a traction table while under general anesthesia.
Results
The average degree of slippage was 41.9 (26.5–70) and the average body mass index was 26.9 (25.1–30). The mean duration of follow-up was 16 months (range: 13–31 months). In the follow-up, shortness and limping were in no way observed. The comparative radiographs of the patients revealed no subchondral cyst, osteophytic formation, or subchondral sclerosis. In all patients, the range of motion in the operated hip was normal.
Conclusion
Osteosynthesis with a single screw in the current position or after a slight reduction to be an adequate treatment for SCFE requiring emergency surgery.
Prevalence of thyroid cancer in hyperthyroidism: Identifying risk factors for malignancy
Authors: azili cem , tamam selim , benk mehmet , zeynalov hikmat , fidan merve , culcu serdar , hasdemir ahmet
Published: September 2023

Objective: Contrary to the previously held belief that hyperthyroidism may be protective against the development of cancer, a growing number of studies suggest a link between hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of malignancy in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism with toxic adenoma (TA), toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG), and/or Graves' disease (GD), and to identify factors predictive of malignancy.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients aged 18 years and older who underwent total thyroidectomy for toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter associated with hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease. Thyroidectomies were performed by a single surgeon at a tertiary teaching hospital between January 2014 and December 2020. Our cohort was divided into two separate groups based on whether the pathology results were malignant or benign.
Results: Between January 2014 and December 2020, 199 patients were included, 66.3% were female and the average age was 44.6 years. Hyperthyroidism cases included 52.7% toxic multinodular goiter (TMNG), 9.1% toxic adenoma (TA), and 38.2% Graves’ disease (GD). The cohort revealed a 32.6% thyroid cancer incidence in hyperthyroid patients. The leading malignancy was papillary carcinoma. Hyperthyroidism causes significantly predicted malignancy; TMNG had a 42.8% malignancy rate, compared to 22.4% for GD and 16.3% for TA (p=0.005). Fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) findings were significant for malignancy prediction (p=0.001), with 62.9% malignancy after non-diagnostic FNAB results.

Conclusion: The study emphasizes the need for careful consideration of malignancy risk in hyperthyroidism cases. Factors such as FNAB results and the type of hyperthyroidism condition significantly influenced malignancy prediction. The results underscore the necessity for a thorough evaluation of hyperthyroid patients at risk of malignancy.
Endoscopic Botulinium Toxin-A Application In The Treatment of Obesity: The Effect Of Dose And Application Area On Treatment Success
Authors: zsan smail , N Ahmet
Published: September 2023

Introduction: In this study, it was aimed to examine the effect of dose and region on the effectiveness of Endoscopic Botulinum toxin A application in the fight against obesity.
Material and Method: A total of 446 patients who applied to our clinic with the complaint of weight were included in the study. Endoscopic Botulinum toxin A was administered at doses of 300 U (n=74), 400 U (n=172) and 500 U (n=200) according to the weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) values of the patients. Patients were divided into three groups in the Preploric, Cardia and Fundus regions, after 125 U of Endoscopic Botulinum toxin A application to each region, and 125 U application to one region.
Results: Initial BMI, weight difference, last BMI and BMI differences were statistically significant between patient groups according to dose and area (p<0.05). All BMI differences between paired dose and area groups were statistically significant (p<0.05). BMI difference was significantly correlated with gender (r=0.108; p<0.05), Initial BMI (r=0.266; p<0.01), weight (r=0.219; p<0.01), dose (r=0.834; p<0.01), and area (r=0.200; p<0.01). Effects of initial BMI (B=0.031; p<0.05), dose (B=1.423; p<0.01) and area (B=0.316; p<0.01) on BMI difference were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Optimum results are obtained in the application of fundus region with a density of 500 U in total, but at levels or values below this, the results may not be effective. Weight loss with the Endoscopic Botulinium toxin-A method with the appropriate dose and area is an effective and usable method in the fight against obesity.
Comparison via Simulation of Association Coefficients Calculated between Categorical Variables
Authors: Sensoy Sinem , Arici Yeliz
Published: September 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the robustness of some association coefficients used to determine the relationships between categorical variables under different experimental conditions.
Material and Methods: A simulation study was conducted where random numbers were generated from a bivariate standard normal distribution with correlations of 0.5 and 0.9. Sample sizes were set at 30, 50, 100, 150 and 200. Random numbers were equally spaced and coded as 3×3, 4×4 and 5×5 cross-tabulations, respectively. The robustness of Pearson’s, Spearman's rank, Kendall's tau-b, Kendall's tau-c, Goodman-Kruskal’s gamma and Somer's d coefficients were compared under different experimental conditions consisting of combinations of specified population correlation degrees, table dimensions and sample sizes.
Results: The Goodman-Kruskal’s gamma coefficient gave the closest result to the relationship levels set at the beginning of the study in all experimental conditions. However, after a certain level, it was negatively affected by the increase in table dimension and sample size. Kendall's tau-b and tau-c coefficients were furthest from the actual degree of the association. Spearman's rank correlation was more robust than Kendall's tau-b, Kendall's tau-c and Somer's d coefficients.
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the dimension of the contingency tables and sample size were effective factors in the robustness of association coefficients for categorical variables. Therefore, researchers should consider the table dimension and sample size as well as the type of variable when selecting the association coefficient to be calculated.
Readability and Quality Levels of Websites That Contain Written Information About Lateral Epicondylitis: A Survey of Turkish Websites
Authors: Boz Mehmet , ahin Abdullah
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the contents and readability levels of informational texts about lateral epicondylitis (LE) on Turkish websites.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we performed online searches using the Turkish terms for 'lateral epicondylitis' and 'tennis elbow' on the Google, Yandex, and Yahoo search engines on May 8, 2022, and recorded the first ten pages of each search result. We classified the websites according to their sources. Group 1 was classified as websites prepared by private hospitals or medical centres, Group 2 as individual websites of orthopaedic or physical therapists, and Group 3 as non-profit websites providing general health information that did not fall into the first two groups. Two reviewers analyzed the websites based on the website interface and the scoring for the LE content.
Results: Among the 89 analyzed websites, there was no significant difference between the groups regarding Ateşman Readability Index scores. Group 1 got the highest score in terms of website content, closely followed by Group 2. The website content score of Group 3 was significantly lower than the other two groups.
Conclusion: The readability level of the texts on the informational Turkish websites related to LE is above the education level of our country. Further studies should be carried out on the propagation of internet accreditation systems, which aim to increase the reliability of the information on websites, also for Turkish websites. Accordingly, the development of future LE-related websites should comply with evidence-based guidelines and be written at an appropriate level to ensure the availability of reliable and understandable information for patients.
Early results of direct true lumen cannulation (samurai technique) in aortic dissection surgery
Authors: atik cem
Published: September 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of Direct True Lumen Cannulation (Samurai Technique), axillary artery cannulation and femoral artery cannulation techniques used in aortic dissection surgery.
Materials and methods: The data of 124 patients who underwent surgical treatment for acute aortic dissection between February 2018 and December 2022 were analyzed rectospectively. Patients were divided into Group 1 (samurai technique cannulation group) and Group 2 (axillary and femoral cannulation group).
Results: When the results were analyzed, preoperative personal and clinical characteristics were found to be similar between the groups. In the inoperative period, the time from skin incision to CPB, hypothermic circulatory arrest time, and time for cooling were shorter in group 1. While there were no cannulation-related complications in group 1, axillary artery dissection developed in two patients in group 2. No significant difference was observed between the groups in postoperative results.
Conclusion: Although there were similar results in the groups in the preoperative and postoperative periods, the more positive results in the surgery show that cannulation with the samurai technique is a preferable method.
Title: How should we use corticosteroids in lateral epicondylitis? Local injection or phonophoresis?

Running title: Corticosteroid use in lateral epicondylitis
Authors: yigman Zeynep , Tezel Nihal , Umay Ebru , Cankurtaran Damla
Published: September 2023

Objective: This study, it was aimed to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of local corticosteroid injection and corticosteroid phonophoresis on grip strength, functional status, pain, and quality of life in lateral epicondylitis.
Materials and Methods: Patients with a diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis who underwent corticosteroid phonophoresis or local corticosteroid injection were included in the study. Patients were grouped according to the treatment they received. In the first group, corticosteroid phonophoresis was applied to the lateral epicondyle region using a continuous mode ultrasonic at 1.0 W/cm2 and 1mHz dose with 0.1% betamethasone valerate cream as a conductive agent. In the second group, corticosteroid and local anesthetic injections were applied to the lateral epicondyle region. Two groups received the supervised exercise program. Before treatment and two weeks after treatment, visual analog scale, muscle strength, grip strength, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores, and Nothingom Health Profile results for both groups were recorded from patient files and compared.
Results: A total of 43 patients (23 phonophoresis, 20 corticosteroid injections) were enrolled. Although the pain, function, and quality of life of patients improved significantly with both groups, no significant difference was recorded between the groups. Grip and palmar pinch strength significantly increased in only the phonophoresis group. In addition, changing of grip and palmar pinch strength was significantly better in the phonophoresis group than in the corticosteroid injection group.
Conclusion: It was determined that corticosteroid administration via phonophoresis instead of injection was more beneficial in terms of grip and palmar pinch strength.
Continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care: When is the optimal timing?
Authors: lu Murat
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Acute kidney injury is one of the most widespread problems in critical patients in intensive care. It leads to severe morbidity and mortality. Although the indications for emergency dialysis are well known, the timing for initiating CRRT in the critical patient is still unclear. This study examines the effect on mortality of early CRRT by retrospectively scanning critical patients who received CRRT in intensive care.
Material and Method: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were recorded by retrospectively scanning patients aged over 18, with no previously known chronic kidney disease, and receiving only CRRT, who were treated in intensive care over a one-year period. The patients were divided into two groups, an early group consisting of KDIGO stages 1 and 2, and a late group consisting of KDIGO stage 3. These were than examined in terms of 28-day mortality.
Results: Forty-eight patients with a mean age of 65.94±19.61 years were included in the study. Twenty-eight (58.3%) patients were men. Cardiovascular diseases were the most frequent diagnoses, in 16 (33.3%) patients, and comorbidity was detected in 32 (66.7%). SOFA, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and procalcitonin values differed between the groups, but no difference was observed in 28-day mortality.
Conclusion: The study results showed that early or late application of CRRT has no positive effect on survival, but further randomized studies on the subject are now needed.
Trans advanced surface laser ablation outcomes using SmartPulseTechnology for hyperopia
Authors: Arslan Sermal , Kaya Mehmet
Published: September 2023

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy (TransPRK) for hyperopia using SmartPulseTechnology (SPT). The study included 108 eyes (56 patients) with hyperopia (0.50 to 7.25 diopters [D]), with or without astigmatism (0.00 to-3.00 D), who underwent single-step transepithelial PRK with Amaris 500 -Hz excimer laser (SCHWIND eye technology) solutions, Kleinostheim, Germany). Two groups were formed as hypermetropia below three and above 3. A 6-month follow-up was performed. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, preoperative and postoperative manifest refraction, and postoperative corneal hase were compared. Postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) was 0.006 ± 0.018 logmar in group 1 and 0.022±0.034 logmar in group 2. When the groups were compared, there was a statistically significant difference between preoperative and postoperative UCVA. (p<0.01) The mean preoperative spherical equivalent value was 2.47±1.01 and 5.75±1.32 diopters, respectively. The mean postoperative spherical equivalent value was 0.16±0.24 and 0.32±0.27 diopters, respectively. No corneal hase was found in both group in the 6th postoperative month. There was no difference between the groups in the postoperative spherical equivalent. (p=0.374) TransPRK using SPT is promising in achieving the target refractive value in low and moderate hyperopia. This method allows patients to everyday-quickly return to normal life due to the rapid recovery process and low corneal damage rate.
Social Media for Community Organizing: The Fight to Save Oconomowoc Dispatch
Authors: Italiano Rachel , Ramirez Fanny
Published: September 2023

Using theories about community organizing and civic engagement, this study examines a small Wisconsin community’s efforts to save its local 911 dispatch center from being dismantled. It is a qualitative project that draws on autoethnography and interpretive content analysis to show that community organizing across multiple spheres of engagement (e.g., online and face-to-face) helps people recognize their ability to impact local politics and enact tangible change in their community. Our case study of the Save Oconomowoc Dispatch campaign suggests that social media tools are an important element of community organizing and that online citizen-led campaigns can help residents feel empowered and better prepared to act in offline settings. Most importantly, we show that a push campaign focused on disseminating information, such as the use of Facebook posts that do not feature comments, can be sufficient in helping residents recognize the importance of local services and take real-world action. This finding suggests that extensive online deliberations may not always be necessary for effective community organizing and that community leaders’ strategic use of one-way interactions on social media are effective ways of engaging residents in local politics and government.
XIX Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Univas 2022
Authors: Pereira de Faria Nogueira Joelma
Published: September 2023

O Congresso de Iniciação Científica da Universidade do Vale do Sapucaí - Univás acontece anualmente e tem como objetivo divulgar os resultados dos projetos de Iniciação Científica realizados por alunos de graduação da Univás e também de outras instituições. Objetivam também contribuir para o desenvolvimento de competências necessárias à pesquisa acadêmica, promovendo a oportunidade de interação entre pesquisadores de todos os níveis e áreas do conhecimento. O Congresso de Iniciação Cientifica é o maior evento científico da UNIVÁS, congregando alunos e professores das mais diferentes áreas do conhecimento e de várias instituições de ensino e pesquisa da região do Sul de Minas Gerais e de outros estados do Brasil.
The new Federal Act on Data Protection (nFADP) Guidance for clinical trials
Authors:   Regulatory Affairs Platform of the SCTO
Published: September 2023

On 1st of September 2023, the new Federal Act on Data Pro-tection (nFADP) came into force. The revision improves the processing of personal data and grants Swiss citizens new rights. The nFADP applies to all Swiss-based and international companies that provide goods or services to Swiss citizens and to organizations that process sensitive data, such as medical records and genetic material. This short guide shall help you to understand whether the nFADP is relevant for your clinical research project and what the most important chang-es are as compared to the old FDAP.
Selection into Financial Education and Effects on Portfolio Choice
Authors: Gemmo Irina , Michaud Pierre-Carl , S. Mitchell Olivia
Published: September 2023

To examine how financial education affects financial outcomes, one must evaluate whether and how sample selection may bias inferences regarding program impacts. Our incentivized experiment reveals how such selection influences estimated financial education effects. The more financially literate and those expecting higher gains pay more to purchase education, while those who consider themselves very financially literate pay less. Using portfolio allocation tasks, we show that the financial education increases portfolio efficiency and welfare by almost 20 and 3 percentage points, respectively. In our setting, selection does not greatly influence estimated program effects, comparing those participating and those who do not.
Investigation effectiveness of the integrated educational approach on obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors:   ealth Systems Engineering Research Center, Milad hospital, Tehran, Iran., karimnejad Ebrahim , Ahmadinejad Bahareh ,   ealth Systems Engineering Research Center, Milad hospital, Tehran, Iran., Jalali Alireza ,   Health Systems Engineering Research Center, Milad hospital, Tehran, Iran., Taqavi Arash ,   Former faculty at California Miramar University, USA.
Published: September 2023

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is one of the most common and debilitating psychological disorders. This quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate the effect of three psychological interventions, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), existential therapy (ET), and transactional analysis (TA), which have been performed simultaneously on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) patients in Milad Hospital. In this study, 60 patients were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The measures used included the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. The intervention program of cognitive-behavioral therapy, existentialism, and interaction behavior analysis consisted of eight 60-minute sessions performed only on the experimental group. The results of covariance analysis showed that the combined program of CBT, ET, and TA is effective in the obsessive-compulsive beliefs of patients with OCD (P <0.01). According to the results of the present study on the effectiveness of the intervention program, training can be combined with CBT, ET, and TA as suitable option in designing psychological treatment plans for patients with OCD.
Vitamin D Deficiency and Heart Health: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt, Shahee Nour , Ramadan Abdelraouf , Patel Meet A , Parikh Kinna , Gupta Vasu , Kumawat Sunita , Labieb Fatima , Kaur Puneetraj , Patel Puja , Mohammad Nazar , Anamika F N U , Mahmood Talha , Gupta Sachin , Jain Rohit
Published: September 2023

Vitamin D deficiency has developed into a global issue, impacting an estimated one billion people worldwide. Lack of sunlight exposure is the major cause of vitamin D deficiency, as very few foods contain natural vitamin D. Several epidemiological and random clinical trials have reported a close association between low vitamin D levels and cardiovascular disease development. This paper aims to discuss vitamin D deficiency and its role in developing cardiovascular disease. Vitamin D is an essential fat-soluble vitamin which plays an important role in skeletal maturation. Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent globally and is linked to a spectrum of cardiovascular disorders and is thought to promote atherogenesis. We have done a thorough review of the literature using a Pubmed search. Different keywords like vitamin D deficiency, cardiovascular diseases, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, heart failure were used to write the review. Here we report according to current evidence, vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, further study is necessary to evaluate whether vitamin D supplementation has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular outcomes. Keywords: Vitamin D deficiency, Cardiovascular diseases, Cholecalciferol, Coronary heart disease, Heart failure
E-Government in Indonesia: Policy Review and Implementation of Jokowi's Government
Authors: Hendri Wijaya Junior
Published: September 2023

The rate of adoption of information and communication technology in government administration, known as E-Government, has become an important issue in the Indonesian context, especially under the leadership of President Joko Widodo (Jokowi). This research aims to provide an in-depth overview of E-Government policies and implementation in Indonesia during Jokowi's administration. Researchers analyzed the policy steps taken by the Jokowi government in advancing E-Government and analyzed the success rate of its implementation. In addition, this study also identifies challenges and obstacles faced in efforts to improve public services through information technology. The results of this study provide a better understanding of the progress of E-Government in Indonesia, its contribution to government efficiency, and its impact on public services. By understanding the extent to which E-Government policies and implementation have been successful, the government and other stakeholders can take further steps to improve this system to achieve a more transparent, inclusive, and effective governance in Indonesia.
Reviewer acknowledgements for Environment and Pollution, Vol. 12, No. 2
Authors: John Albert
Published: September 2023

Reviewer acknowledgements for Environment and Pollution, Vol. 12, No. 2, 2023.