bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Self Organizing Map-Based Classification of Cathepsin k and S Inhibitors with Different Selectivity Profiles Using Different Structural Molecular Fingerprints: Design and Application for Discovery of Novel Hits
Authors: Ihmaid Saleh , Ahmed Hany , Zayed Mohamed , Abadleh Mohammed
Published: February 2016

The main step in a successful drug discovery pipeline is the identification of small potent compounds that selectively bind to the target of interest with high affinity. However, there is still a shortage of efficient and accurate computational methods with powerful capability to study and hence predict compound selectivity properties. In this work, we propose an affordable machine learning method to perform compound selectivity classification and prediction. For this purpose, we have collected compounds with reported activity and built a selectivity database formed of 153 cathepsin K and S inhibitors that are considered of medicinal interest. This database has three compound sets, two K/S and S/K selective ones and one non-selective KS one. We have subjected this database to the selectivity classification tool ‘Emergent Self-Organizing Maps’ for exploring its capability to differentiate selective cathepsin inhibitors for one target over the other. The method exhibited good clustering performance for selective ligands with high accuracy (up to 100 %). Among the possibilites, BAPs and MACCS molecular structural fingerprints were used for such a classification. The results exhibited the ability of the method for structure-selectivity relationship interpretation and selectivity markers were identified for the design of further novel inhibitors with high activity and target selectivity.
Metabolites of Siamenoside I and Their Distributions in Rats
Authors: Yang Xue-Rong , Xu Feng , Li Dian-Peng , Lu Feng-Lai , Liu Guang-Xue , Wang Lei , Shang Ming-Ying , Huang Yong-Lin , Cai Shao-Qing
Published: February 2016

Siamenoside I is the sweetest mogroside that has several kinds of bioactivities, and it is also a constituent of Siraitiae Fructus, a fruit and herb in China. Hitherto the metabolism of siamenoside I in human or animals remains unclear. To reveal its metabolic pathways, a high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight-multistage mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn) method was used to profile and identify its metabolites in rats. Altogether, 86 new metabolites were identified or tentatively identified, and 23 of them were also new metabolites of mogrosides. In rats, siamenoside I was found to undergo deglycosylation, hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, deoxygenation, isomerization, and glycosylation reactions. Among them, deoxygenation, pentahydroxylation, and didehydrogenation were novel metabolic reactions of mogrosides. The distributions of siamenoside I and its 86 metabolites in rat organs were firstly reported, and they were mainly distributed to intestine, stomach, kidney, and brain. The most widely distributed metabolite was mogroside IIIE. In addition, eight metabolites were bioactive according to literature. These findings would help to understand the metabolism and effective forms of siamenoside I and other mogrosides in vivo.
Thiourea-Modified TiO2 Nanorods with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Wu Xiaofeng , Fang Shun , Zheng Yang , Sun Jie , Lv Kangle
Published: February 2016

Semiconductor TiO2 photocatalysis has attracted much attention due to its potential application in solving the problems of environmental pollution. In this paper, thiourea (CH4N2S) modified anatase TiO2 nanorods were fabricated by calcination of the mixture of TiO2 nanorods and thiourea at 600 °C for 2 h. It was found that only N element was doped into the lattice of TiO2 nanorods. With increasing the weight ratio of thiourea to TiO2 (R) from 0 to 8, the light-harvesting ability of the photocatalyst steady increases. Both the crystallization and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanorods increase first and then decrease with increase in R value, and R2 sample showed the highest crystallization and photocatalytic activity in degradation of Brilliant Red X3B (X3B) and Rhodamine B (RhB) dyes under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). The increased visible-light photocatalytic activity of the prepared N-doped TiO2 nanorods is due to the synergistic effects of the enhanced crystallization, improved light-harvesting ability and reduced recombination rate of photo-generated electron-hole pairs. Note that the enhanced visible photocatalytic activity of N-doped nanorods is not based on the scarification of their UV photocatalytic activity.
What is a Pharmacist: Opinions of Pharmacy Department Academics and Community Pharmacists on Competences Required for Pharmacy Practice
Authors: Atkinson Jeffrey , De Paepe Kristien , Sánchez Pozo Antonio , Rekkas Dimitrios , Volmer Daisy , Hirvonen Jouni , Bozic Borut , Skowron Agnieska , Mircioiu Constantin , Marcincal Annie , Koster Andries , Wilson Keith , Van Schravendijk Chris , Wilkinson Jamie
Published: February 2016

This paper looks at the opinions of 241 European academics (who provide pharmacy education), and of 258 European community pharmacists (who apply it), on competences for pharmacy practice. A proposal for competences was generated by a panel of experts using Delphi methodology. Once finalized, the proposal was then submitted to a large, European-wide community of academics and practicing pharmacists in an additional Delphi round. Academics and community pharmacy practitioners recognized the importance of the notion of patient care competences, underlining the nature of the pharmacist as a specialist of medicines. The survey revealed certain discrepancies. Academics placed substantial emphasis on research, pharmaceutical technology, regulatory aspects of quality, etc., but these were ranked much lower by community pharmacists who concentrated more on patient care competences. In a sub-analysis of the data, we evaluated how perceptions may have changed since the 1980s and the introduction of the notions of competence and pharmaceutical care. This was done by splitting both groups into respondents < 40 and > 40 years old. Results for the subgroups were essentially statistically the same but with some different qualitative tendencies. The results are discussed in the light of the different conceptions of the professional identity of the pharmacist.
Comb-Type Grafted Hydrogels of PNIPAM and PDMAEMA with Reversed Network-Graft Architectures from Controlled Radical Polymerizations
Authors: Chen Sheng-Qi , Li Jia-Min , Pan Ting-Ting , Li Peng-Yun , He Wei-Dong
Published: February 2016

Dual thermo- and pH-responsive comb-type grafted hydrogels of poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) with reversed network-graft architectures were synthesized by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and click chemistry. Two kinds of macro-cross-linkers with two azido groups at one chain-end and different chain length [PNIPAM–(N3)2 and PDMAEMA–(N3)2] were prepared with N,N-di(β-azidoethyl) 2-halocarboxylamide as the ATRP initiator. Through RAFT copolymerization of DMAEMA or NIPAM with propargyl acrylate (ProA) using dibenzyltrithiocarbonate as a chain transfer agent, two network precursors with different content of alkynyl side-groups [P(DMAEMA-co-ProA) and P(NIPAM-co-ProA)] were obtained. The subsequent azido-alkynyl click reaction of macro-cross-linkers and network precursors led to the formation of the network-graft hydrogels. These dual stimulus-sensitive hydrogels exhibited rapid response, high swelling ratio and reproducible swelling/de-swelling cycles under different temperatures and pH values. The influences of cross-linkage density and network-graft architecture on the properties of the hydrogels were investigated. The release of ceftriaxone sodium from these hydrogels showed both thermal- and pH-dependence, suggesting the feasibility of these hydrogels as thermo- and pH-dependent drug release devices.
Sensor Fusion and Autonomy as a Powerful Combination for Biological Assessment in the Marine Environment
Authors: Moline Mark , Benoit-Bird Kelly
Published: February 2016

The ocean environment and the physical and biological processes that govern dynamics are complex. Sampling the ocean to better understand these processes is difficult given the temporal and spatial domains and sampling tools available. Biological systems are especially difficult as organisms possess behavior, operate at horizontal scales smaller than traditional shipboard sampling allows, and are often disturbed by the sampling platforms themselves. Sensors that measure biological processes have also generally not kept pace with the development of physical counterparts as their requirements are as complex as the target organisms. Here, we attempt to address this challenge by advocating the need for sensor-platform combinations to integrate and process data in real-time and develop data products that are useful in increasing sampling efficiencies. Too often, the data of interest is only garnered after post-processing after a sampling effort and the opportunity to use that information to guide sampling is lost. Here we demonstrate a new autonomous platform, where data are collected, analyzed, and data products are output in real-time to inform autonomous decision-making. This integrated capability allows for enhanced and informed sampling towards improving our understanding of the marine environment.
Daytime Thermal Anisotropy of Urban Neighbourhoods: Morphological Causation
Authors: Krayenhoff E. , Voogt James
Published: February 2016

Surface temperature is a key variable in boundary-layer meteorology and is typically acquired by remote observation of emitted thermal radiation. However, the three-dimensional structure of cities complicates matters: uneven solar heating of urban facets produces an “effective anisotropy” of surface thermal emission at the neighbourhood scale. Remotely-sensed urban surface temperature varies with sensor view angle as a consequence. The authors combine a microscale urban surface temperature model with a thermal remote sensing model to predict the effective anisotropy of simplified neighbourhood configurations. The former model provides detailed surface temperature distributions for a range of “urban” forms, and the remote sensing model computes aggregate temperatures for multiple view angles. The combined model’s ability to reproduce observed anisotropy is evaluated against measurements from a neighbourhood in Vancouver, Canada. As in previous modeling studies, anisotropy is underestimated. Addition of moderate coverages of small (sub-facet scale) structure can account for much of the missing anisotropy. Subsequently, over 1900 sensitivity simulations are performed with the model combination, and the dependence of daytime effective thermal anisotropy on diurnal solar path (i.e., latitude and time of day) and blunt neighbourhood form is assessed. The range of effective anisotropy, as well as the maximum difference from nadir-observed brightness temperature, peak for moderate building-height-to-spacing ratios (H/W), and scale with canyon (between-building) area; dispersed high-rise urban forms generate maximum anisotropy. Maximum anisotropy increases with solar elevation and scales with shortwave irradiance. Moreover, it depends linearly on H/W for H/W < 1.25, with a slope that depends on maximum off-nadir sensor angle. Decreasing minimum brightness temperature is primarily responsible for this linear growth of maximum anisotropy. These results allow first order estimation of the minimum effective anisotropy magnitude of urban neighbourhoods as a function of building-height-to-spacing ratio, building plan area density, and shortwave irradiance. Finally, four “local climate zones” are simulated at two latitudes. Removal of neighbourhood street orientation regularity for these zones decreases maximum anisotropy by 3%–31%. Furthermore, thermal and radiative material properties are a weaker predictor of anisotropy than neighbourhood morphology. This study is the first systematic evaluation of effective anisotropy magnitude and causation for urban landscapes.
Current Sensor Fault Reconstruction for PMSM Drives
Authors: Huang Gang , Luo Yi-Ping , Zhang Chang-Fan , He Jing , Huang Yi-Shan
Published: February 2016

This paper deals with a current sensor fault reconstruction algorithm for the torque closed-loop drive system of an interior PMSM. First, sensor faults are equated to actuator ones by a new introduced state variable. Then, in αβ coordinates, based on the motor model with active flux linkage, a current observer is constructed with a specific sliding mode equivalent control methodology to eliminate the effects of unknown disturbances, and the phase current sensor faults are reconstructed by means of an adaptive method. Finally, an αβ axis current fault processing module is designed based on the reconstructed value. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified by simulation and experimental tests on the RT-LAB platform.
Secure and Privacy-Preserving Body Sensor Data Collection and Query Scheme
Authors: Zhu Hui , Gao Lijuan , Li Hui
Published: February 2016

With the development of body sensor networks and the pervasiveness of smart phones, different types of personal data can be collected in real time by body sensors, and the potential value of massive personal data has attracted considerable interest recently. However, the privacy issues of sensitive personal data are still challenging today. Aiming at these challenges, in this paper, we focus on the threats from telemetry interface and present a secure and privacy-preserving body sensor data collection and query scheme, named SPCQ, for outsourced computing. In the proposed SPCQ scheme, users’ personal information is collected by body sensors in different types and converted into multi-dimension data, and each dimension is converted into the form of a number and uploaded to the cloud server, which provides a secure, efficient and accurate data query service, while the privacy of sensitive personal information and users’ query data is guaranteed. Specifically, based on an improved homomorphic encryption technology over composite order group, we propose a special weighted Euclidean distance contrast algorithm (WEDC) for multi-dimension vectors over encrypted data. With the SPCQ scheme, the confidentiality of sensitive personal data, the privacy of data users’ queries and accurate query service can be achieved in the cloud server. Detailed analysis shows that SPCQ can resist various security threats from telemetry interface. In addition, we also implement SPCQ on an embedded device, smart phone and laptop with a real medical database, and extensive simulation results demonstrate that our proposed SPCQ scheme is highly efficient in terms of computation and communication costs.
Performance Evaluation for Sustainability of Strong Smart Grid by Using Stochastic AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS Methods
Authors: Zhao Huiru , Li Nana
Published: February 2016

As an efficient way to deal with the global climate change and energy shortage problems, a strong, self-healing, compatible, economic and integrative smart gird is under construction in China, which is supported by large amounts of investments and advanced technologies. To promote the construction, operation and sustainable development of Strong Smart Grid (SSG), a novel hybrid framework for evaluating the performance of SSG is proposed from the perspective of sustainability. Based on a literature review, experts’ opinions and the technical characteristics of SSG, the evaluation model involves four sustainability criteria defined as economy, society, environment and technology aspects associated with 12 sub-criteria. Considering the ambiguity and vagueness of the subjective judgments on sub-criteria, fuzzy TOPSIS method is employed to evaluate the performance of SSG. In addition, different from previous research, this paper adopts the stochastic Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to upgrade the traditional Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) by addressing the fuzzy and stochastic factors within weights calculation. Finally, four regional smart grids in China are ranked by employing the proposed framework. The results show that the sub-criteria affiliated with environment obtain much more attention than that of economy from experts group. Moreover, the sensitivity analysis indicates the ranking list remains stable no matter how sub-criteria weights are changed, which verifies the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed model and evaluation results. This study provides a comprehensive and effective method for performance evaluation of SSG and also innovates the weights calculation for traditional TOPSIS.
Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage
Authors: Notarianni Marco , Liu Jinzhang , Vernon Kristy , Motta Nunzio
Published: February 2016

The world is facing an energy crisis due to exponential population growth and limited availability of fossil fuels. Over the last 20 years, carbon, one of the most abundant materials found on earth, and its allotrope forms such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene have been proposed as sources of energy generation and storage because of their extraordinary properties and ease of production. Various approaches for the synthesis and incorporation of carbon nanomaterials in organic photovoltaics and supercapacitors have been reviewed and discussed in this work, highlighting their benefits as compared to other materials commonly used in these devices. The use of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene in organic photovoltaics and supercapacitors is described in detail, explaining how their remarkable properties can enhance the efficiency of solar cells and energy storage in supercapacitors. Fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene have all been included in solar cells with interesting results, although a number of problems are still to be overcome in order to achieve high efficiency and stability. However, the flexibility and the low cost of these materials provide the opportunity for many applications such as wearable and disposable electronics or mobile charging. The application of carbon nanotubes and graphene to supercapacitors is also discussed and reviewed in this work. Carbon nanotubes, in combination with graphene, can create a more porous film with extraordinary capacitive performance, paving the way to many practical applications from mobile phones to electric cars. In conclusion, we show that carbon nanomaterials, developed by inexpensive synthesis and process methods such as printing and roll-to-roll techniques, are ideal for the development of flexible devices for energy generation and storage – the key to the portable electronics of the future.
Recognition of Speech from the Television with Use of a Wireless Technology Designed for Cochlear Implants
Authors: Duke Mila Morais , Wolfe Jace , Schafer Erin
Published: February 2016

Background:Cochlear implant (CI) recipients often experience difficulty understanding speech in noise and speech that originates from a distance. Many CI recipients also experience difficulty understanding speech originating from a television. Use of hearing assistance technology
(HAT) may improve speech recognition in noise and for signals that originate from more than a few feet from the listener; however, there are no published studies evaluating the potential benefits of a wireless HAT designed to deliver audio signals from a television directly to a CI sound processor.Purpose:The
objective of this study was to compare speech recognition in quiet and in noise of CI recipients with the use of their CI alone and with the use of their CI and a wireless HAT (Cochlear Wireless TV Streamer).Research Design:A two-way repeated measures design was used to evaluate performance
differences obtained in quiet and in competing noise (65 dBA) with the CI sound processor alone and with the sound processor coupled to the Cochlear Wireless TV Streamer.Study Sample:Sixteen users of Cochlear Nucleus 24 Freedom, CI512, and CI422 implants were included in the study.Data
Collection and Analysis:Participants were evaluated in four conditions including use of the sound processor alone and use of the sound processor with the wireless streamer in quiet and in the presence of competing noise at 65 dBA. Speech recognition was evaluated in each condition with
two full lists of Computer-Assisted Speech Perception Testing and Training Sentence-Level Test sentences presented from a light-emitting diode television.Results:Speech recognition in noise was significantly better with use of the wireless streamer compared to participants’ performance
with their CI sound processor alone. There was also a nonsignificant trend toward better performance in quiet with use of the TV Streamer. Performance was significantly poorer when evaluated in noise compared to performance in quiet when the TV Streamer was not used.Conclusions:Use
of the Cochlear Wireless TV Streamer designed to stream audio from a television directly to a CI sound processor provides better speech recognition in quiet and in noise when compared to performance obtained with use of the CI sound processor alone.
Factors Affecting Speech Discrimination in Children with Cochlear Implants: Evidence from Early-Implanted Infants
Authors: Phan Jennifer , Houston Derek M. , Ruffin Chad , Ting Jonathan , Holt Rachael Frush
Published: February 2016

Background:To learn words and acquire language, children must be able to discriminate and correctly perceive phonemes. Although there has been much research on the general language outcomes of children with cochlear implants (CIs), little is known about the development of speech
perception with regard to specific speech processes, such as speech discrimination.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of speech discrimination in infants with CIs and identify factors that might correlate with speech discrimination skills.Research
Design:Using a Hybrid Visual Habituation procedure, we tested infants with CIs on their ability to discriminate the vowel contrast /i/-/u/. We also gathered demographic and audiological information about each infant.Study Sample:Children who had received CIs before 2 yr of age served
as participants. We tested the children at two post cochlear implantation intervals: 2‐4 weeks post CI stimulation (N = 17) and 6‐9 mo post CI stimulation (N = 10).Data Collection and Analysis:The infants’ mean looking times during the novel versus old trials of
the experiment were measured. A linear regression model was used to evaluate the relationship between the normalized looking time difference and the following variables: chronological age, age at CI stimulation, gender, communication mode, and best unaided pure-tone average.Results:We
found that the best unaided pure-tone average predicted speech discrimination at the early interval. In contrast to some previous speech perception studies that included children implanted before 3 yr of age, age at CI stimulation did not predict speech discrimination performance.Conclusions:The
results suggest that residual acoustic hearing before implantation might facilitate speech discrimination during the early period post cochlear implantation; with more hearing experience, communication mode might have a greater influence on the ability to discriminate speech. This and other
studies on age at cochlear implantation suggest that earlier implantation might not have as large an effect on speech perception as it does on other language skills.
THE ORIGINS AND DIRECTIONS OF LARGE SCALE POST-WAR RESIDENTIAL DISTRICTS / MASINĖS STATYBOS GYVENAMŲJŲ RAJONŲ FENOMENO IŠTAKOS IR KRYPTYS
Authors: Džervus Petras
Published: February 2016

The present Lithuanian urban structures in particular have had a significant impact, and retains the phenomenon - the mass construction of large scale residential areas. Analyzed and summarized literature published in Lithuania and abroad in the mass construction of a large scale theoretical framework for the implementation process and effects of urban structures. Attention is drawn to the crucial social and political attitudes and economic factors which determined the identical theoretical level concepts become different urban forms.
URBAN TERRITORIAL COMMMUNITIES AND THEIR INFLUENCE FORMING URBAN RECREATIONAL TERRITORIES / MIESTO TERITORINIŲ BENDRUOMENIŲ ĮTAKA REKREACINIŲ TERITORIJŲ FORMAVIMUI
Authors: Urbonaitė Inga
Published: February 2016

Town green areas are very important elements of urban structure, it is used for leisure, recreation, buidling social relations. Their importance is measured not only from ecological point of view, but also from estetical and economical. It is important to understand, not only how recreation system influeces the surrounding environment, but also what should it be to meet urban territorial communities needs.
FIREPLACE IN A STRUCTURE OF ARCHAIC DWELLING-HOUSE / UGNIAKURAS ARCHAJINIO GYVENAMOJO BŪSTO STRUKTŪROJE
Authors: Buivydaitė Karolina
Published: February 2016

The aim of this work is to unravel the genesis of fireplace in a structure of ancient dwelling-house. The work is based in archaeological findings situated in Lithuanian territory. Fireplace has been and remains one of the most essential components in the existence and in the structure of a house, but so it did not attain a special research in our architecturology so far. There is various sparse and scattered data on the fireplaces of a dwelling-houses in a works of archaeologists, historians and ethnologists. The work‘s attempt is to fill the above-mentioned gap. Time period, discussed in this article, is the earliest stage in a development of a fireplace, starting jointly with the beginning of building stationary dwelling-houses.
URBAN CORES IN THE VALEY OF RIVER NERIS IN VILNIUS – SYSTEM OR UNCONTROLED COINCIDENCE? / URBANISTINIAI BRANDUOLIAI NERIES UPĖS SLĖNYJE VILNIAUS MIESTE – SISTEMA AR NEVALDOMAS ATSITIKTINUMAS?
Authors: Kajackaitė Monika
Published: February 2016

The idea of an article emerged of an observation of architectural – urban complex developement in the right coast of river Neris. This complex is partly materialized 70’s idea of “architectural hills”. Despite of sceptical or even opponential heritage guard’s attitude about this complex, evident that it is successful realization of considerable dimension urban conception. On the other hand, the result contravene primary idea, because it takes considerably bigger area of cities topography, i.e. situated on both sides of Konstitucijos avenue, thuthermore, practical realized changed system of altitude accents, and so on. Distinctly identified visual zones of urban cores in the city raise a question if the mentioned cores organize common compositional system, or if it’s development is based only on local principles of compositional idea. The main aim of this article – suggest methodical development principles of urban structure, considered on territories spatial compositional systems particularity. An article is the result of certain research, in which were evaluated transformations of territories urban structure, compositional importance to visual identity of a city, and structurised perspective strategy of territories urban development.
MOTION VERIFIED RED STARS (MoVeRS): A CATALOG OF PROPER MOTION SELECTED LOW-MASS STARS FROM WISE, SDSS, AND 2MASS
Authors: Theissen Christopher A. , West Andrew A. , Dhital Saurav
Published: February 2016

We present a photometric catalog of 8,735,004 proper motion selected low-mass stars (KML-spectral types) within the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) footprint, from the combined SDSS Data Release 10 (DR10), Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) point-source catalog (PSC), and Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) AllWISE catalog. Stars were selected using r − i, i − z, r − z, z − J, and z − W1 colors, and SDSS, WISE, and 2MASS astrometry was combined to compute proper motions. The resulting 3,518,150 stars were augmented with proper motions for 5,216,854 earlier type stars from the combined SDSS and United States Naval Observatory B1.0 catalog (USNO-B). We used SDSS+USNO-B proper motions to determine the best criteria for selecting a clean sample of stars. Only stars whose proper motions were greater than their 2σ uncertainty were included. Our Motion Verified Red Stars catalog is available through SDSS CasJobs and VizieR.
RADIO PROPERTIES OF YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS IN THE CORE OF THE SERPENS SOUTH INFRARED DARK CLOUD
Authors: Kern Nicholas S. , Keown Jared A. , Tobin John J. , Mead Adrian , Gutermuth Robert A.
Published: February 2016

We present deep radio continuum observations of the star-forming core of the Serpens South Infrared Dark Cloud with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. Observations were conducted in two bands centered at 7.25 GHz (4.14 cm) and 4.75 GHz (6.31 cm) with a

of 8.5 and 11.1 μJy/beam, respectively. We also use 2MASS, Spitzer and Herschel data to put our radio observations in the context of young stellar populations characterized by near and far-infrared observations. Within a 5′ × 5′ region of interest around the central cluster, we detect roughly eighteen radio sources, seven of which we determine are protostellar in nature due to their radio spectral indices and their association with infrared sources. We find evidence for a previously undetected embedded Class 0 protostar and reaffirm Class 0 protostellar classifications determined by previous millimeter wavelength continuum studies. We use our infrared data to derive mid-infrared luminosities for three of our protostellar sources and find relative agreement between the known young stellar object (YSO) radio luminosity versus bolometric luminosity correlation. Lastly, we marginally detect an additional six radio sources at the 2–3σ level that lie within two arcseconds of infrared YSO candidates, providing motivation for higher sensitivity studies to clarify the nature of these sources and further probe embedded and/or low luminosity YSOs in Serpens South.
HIDDEN MOLECULES IN PLANETARY NEBULAE: NEW DETECTIONS OF HCN AND HCO+ FROM A MULTI-OBJECT SURVEY
Authors: Schmidt D. R. , Ziurys L. M.
Published: February 2016

Searches for HCN and HCO+ have been conducted toward 17 planetary nebulae (PNs) in the age range 800 to 13,000 years using the facilities of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). For both molecules, observations of the

transition near 88–89 GHz were carried out with the ARO 12 m, including measurements with the new ALMA prototype antenna, while the

lines near 265–267 GHz were sought with the ARO Sub-Millimeter Telescope (SMT). HCN and HCO+ were newly detected in 13 of the 17 target sources in at least one transition. Nine PNs were common to both molecules: Hb5, K3-17, K3-58, M1-7, M4-14, M3-28, M3-55, NGC 2440, and K4-47, while HCO+ was also identified in K3-83 and M2-9, and HCN in K3-45 and NGC 6772. From radiative transfer modeling, column densities for HCN and HCO+ in these sources were determined to be

∼ 0.2–27 × 1013 cm−2 and

 ∼ 0.3–8.7 × 1013 cm−2. Gas densities, assumed to be in clumped regions, were established to be n(H2) ∼ 0.1–5.2 × 106 cm−3. Fractional abundances, relative to H2, for both molecules were found to be f(HCN) ∼ 0.1–9.1 × 10−7 and f(HCO+) ∼ 0.04–7.4 × 10−7. The abundances of both species were found to remain relatively constant with nebular age over a 10,000 year time span, in contrast to predictions of chemical models. The HCN/HCO+ ratio varied from 17 to <0.2, and roughly correlates with the C/O ratio. Polyatomic molecules appear to be common constituents of PNs.
DYNAMIC SPECTRAL MAPPING OF INTERSTELLAR PLASMA LENSES
Authors: Tuntsov Artem V. , Walker Mark A. , Koopmans Leon V. E. , Bannister Keith W. , Stevens Jamie , Johnston Simon , Reynolds Cormac , Bignall Hayley E.
Published: February 2016

Compact radio sources sometimes exhibit intervals of large, rapid changes in their flux density, due to lensing by interstellar plasma crossing the line of sight. A novel survey program has made it possible to discover these “Extreme Scattering Events” (ESEs) in real time, resulting in a high-quality dynamic spectrum of an ESE observed in PKS 1939–315. Here we present a method for determining the column-density profile of a plasma lens, given only the dynamic radio spectrum of the lensed source, under the assumption that the lens is either axisymmetric or totally anisotropic. Our technique relies on the known, strong frequency dependence of the plasma refractive index in order to determine how points in the dynamic spectrum map to positions on the lens. We apply our method to high-frequency (4.2–10.8 GHz) data from the Australia Telescope Compact Array of the PKS 1939–315 ESE. The derived electron column-density profiles are very similar for the two geometries we consider, and both yield a good visual match to the data. However, the fit residuals are substantially above the noise level, and deficiencies are evident when we compare the predictions of our model to lower-frequency (1.6–3.1 GHz) data on the same ESE, thus motivating future development of more sophisticated inversion techniques.
OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE FOR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WALÉN SLOPE AND AMPLITUDE RATIO OF INWARD TO OUTWARD ALFVÉN WAVES IN THE SOLAR WIND
Authors: Yang L. , Lee L. C. , Chao J. K. , Hsieh W. C. , Luo Q. Y. , Li J. P. , Shi J. K. , Wu D. J.
Published: February 2016

Assuming that the observed Alfvén waves in the solar wind are the superposition of inward- and outward-propagating Alfvén waves, we obtain an analytical relation from which the observed Walén slope R
W can give a theoretical estimate of the amplitude ratio

of inward to outward waves. From the Wind data at 1 AU, we select 37 Alfvén wave events classified observationally as three kinds: dominant outward Alfvén waves with

(Class A), dominant outward Alfvén waves with

(Class B), and dominant inward Alfvén waves with

(Class C). For Class A events the theoretical predictions of

based on R
W deviate from the wave amplitude observations, but for Class B and C events the theoretical predictions agree well with related observations, being a direct observational evidence that the superposition of inward and outward Alfvén waves can cause the subunity of R
W. A simple simulation is made with a white Gaussian noise to demonstrate that a small noise could reproduce the observed properties of all three kinds of events cause the measured parameters of waves with

in Class A to deviate significantly from the true values more than waves with

. The simulation implies that the observational results based on wave amplitudes seem reliable only for waves with

. The

ratios calculated from the analytical relation based on R
W are closer to true values than those obtained from wave amplitude observations.
HERBIG Ae/Be CANDIDATE STARS IN THE INNERMOST GALACTIC DISK: QUARTET CLUSTER
Authors: Yasui Chikako , Kobayashi Naoto , Hamano Satoshi , Kondo Sohei , Izumi Natsuko , Saito Masao , Tokunaga Alan T.
Published: February 2016

In order to investigate the Galactic-scale environmental effects on the evolution of protoplanetary disks, we explored the near-infrared (NIR) disk fraction of the Quartet cluster, which is a young cluster in the innermost Galactic disk at the Galactocentric radius

. Because this cluster has a typical cluster mass of ∼103

as opposed to very massive clusters, which have been observed in previous studies (>104

), we can avoid intra-cluster effects such as strong UV field from OB stars. Although the age of the Quartet is previously estimated to be 3–8 Myr old, we find that it is most likely ∼3–4.5 Myr old. In moderately deep JHK images from the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey, we found eight HAeBe candidates in the cluster, and performed K-band medium-resolution (

) spectroscopy for three of them with the Subaru 8.2 m telescope. These are found to have both Brγ absorption lines as well as CO bandhead emission, suggesting that they are HAeBe stars with protoplanetary disks. We estimated the intermediate-mass disk fraction (IMDF) to be ∼25% for the cluster, suggesting slightly higher IMDF compared to those for young clusters in the solar neighborhood with similar cluster age, although such a conclusion should await future spectroscopic study of all candidates of cluster members.
DETECTING THE SUPERNOVA BREAKOUT BURST IN TERRESTRIAL NEUTRINO DETECTORS
Authors: Wallace Joshua , Burrows Adam , Dolence Joshua C.
Published: February 2016

We calculate the distance-dependent performance of a few representative terrestrial neutrino detectors in detecting and measuring the properties of the ν

e
breakout burst light curve in a Galactic core-collapse supernova. The breakout burst is a signature phenomenon of core collapse and offers a probe into the stellar core through collapse and bounce. We examine cases of no neutrino oscillations and oscillations due to normal and inverted neutrino-mass hierarchies. For the normal hierarchy, other neutrino flavors emitted by the supernova overwhelm the ν

e
signal, making a detection of the breakout burst difficult. For the inverted hierarchy (IH), some detectors at some distances should be able to see the ν

e
breakout burst peak and measure its properties. For the IH, the maximum luminosity of the breakout burst can be measured at 10 kpc to accuracies of ∼30% for Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) and ∼60% for the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). Super-Kamiokande (Super-K) and Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) lack the mass needed to make an accurate measurement. For the IH, the time of the maximum luminosity of the breakout burst can be measured in Hyper-K to an accuracy of ∼3 ms at 7 kpc, in DUNE to ∼2 ms at 4 kpc, and JUNO and Super-K can measure the time of maximum luminosity to an accuracy of ∼2 ms at 1 kpc. Detector backgrounds in IceCube render a measurement of the ν

e
breakout burst unlikely. For the IH, a measurement of the maximum luminosity of the breakout burst could be used to differentiate between nuclear equations of state.
PLASMA-WAVE GENERATION IN A DYNAMIC SPACETIME
Authors: Yang Huan , Zhang Fan
Published: February 2016

We propose a new electromagnetic (EM)-emission mechanism in magnetized, force-free plasma, which is driven by the evolution of the underlying dynamic spacetime. In particular, the emission power and angular distribution of the emitted fast-magnetosonic and Alfvén waves are separately determined. Previous numerical simulations of binary black hole mergers occurring within magnetized plasma have recorded copious amounts of EM radiation that, in addition to collimated jets, include an unexplained, isotropic component that becomes dominant close to the merger. This raises the possibility of multimessenger gravitational-wave and EM observations on binary black hole systems. The mechanism proposed here provides a candidate analytical characterization of the numerical results, and when combined with previously understood mechanisms such as the Blandford–Znajek process and kinetic-motion-driven radiation, it allows us to construct a classification of different EM radiation components seen in the inspiral stage of compact-binary coalescences.
A Recovery-Oriented Care Approach: Weighing the Pros and Cons of a Newly Built Mental Health Facility
Authors: Ahern Catherine Clark , Bieling Peter , McKinnon Margaret C. , McNeely Heather E. , Langstaff Karen
Published: February 2016

The current study adopted a recovery-oriented care approach by emphasizing patients' perspectives and experiences regarding changes to a newly built mental health facility. The inpatient entrance, or “portal,” intended to balance the aims of recovery-oriented care with minimizing risk. A mixed-methods study of the portal's pros and cons was conducted, according to four themes: (a)
autonomy versus inconvenience
; (b)
safety and security versus stigma
; (c)
unit door versus portal operating costs
; and (d)
privacy versus community integration
. Focus groups engaging with patients (
N
= 39) indicated that the design effectively supported recovery-oriented care. Patients did not find the portal to be stigmatizing or triggering and valued the safety and privacy it created, and visitors also generally had a positive experience. Survey responses (
N
= 101) from portal users were also positive about the new design. The study findings suggest that the pros outweighed the cons of the new design. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 54
(2), 39–48.]
Termografía infrarroja aplicada en cúpulas históricas: identificación y análisis de sistemas constructivos
Authors: Pérez-Sánchez J. C. , Piedecausa-García B.
Published: February 2016

El uso específico de la termografía infrarroja como técnica no destructiva permite el estudio de sistemas constructivos en edificios históricos (caracterización de materiales, disposición constructiva o identificación de elementos originales). Así, se muestra una aplicación práctica en templos en la provincia de Alicante construidos entre finales del siglo xvii y principios del xix, donde se analiza la complementariedad de las imágenes termográficas de 140 cúpulas (junto con datos recopilados in situ, dibujos originales y levantamiento de planos) como herramienta de estudio en fases de análisis previas a una restauración.

En conclusión, la investigación detalla una aplicación termográfica al estudio de distintos aspectos como el reconocimiento de materiales empleados (90,71 % ladrillo macizo, 6,43 % ladrillo hueco y 2,86 % piedra), variaciones de espesor interior y exterior (75,71 % perfil apuntado, 17,86 % perfil semiesférico y 6,43 % perfil rebajado), caracterización de grietas/fisuras (estado de conservación) e identificación de cúpulas originales (96,43 %) o restauradas (3,57 %).
Blended Learning Perception among Undergraduate Engineering Students
Authors: Krasnova Tatiana , Vanushin Ivan
Published: February 2016

Technology is constantly evolving in more sophisticated forms giving new opportunities for educators to transfer learning into virtual space. New educational technology trends are associated today with blended learning where traditional methods of teaching merge with online sessions. Blended learning with its learner-centered approach has a potential to enhance the quality of teaching and learning. Russian higher institutions embrace this technology as a strategy to engage and motivate students and thereby augment the learning process. The paper studies students’ engagement and satisfaction with the online courses and their overall perception from learners’ perspective. The findings could serve as a reference point to promote online courses and to achieve considerable educational benefits.
Models of Digital Educational Resources Indexing and Dynamic User Proﬁle Evolution
Authors: Slimani Hamid , El Faddouli N. , Bennani S. , Amrous N.
Published: February 2016

The modelling of the user proﬁle and its integration into the search process is an effective way in personalized information search within a repository of educational digital resources. Therefore, it raises gradually the issue concerning the dynamic development of this proﬁle so as the information requester sets up queries. In our approach presented in this paper, we propose two models for personalized search on digital educational resources. The ﬁrst is to establish an index of repository resources while the second is to build the user proﬁle and boost its evolution after each query submitted by the user based on a classical Bayesian network representing a search activity.
The Subjective Side of Success
Authors: Layne Heidi Johanna , Óskarsdóttir Edda , Niittymäki Hanna
Published: February 2016

This paper presents a case study conducted in one elementary school in Helsinki, Finland, during a four-week project that began on the UN day of children's rights in 2013. According to the 12th and 13th articles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), children have the right to express their views freely in all matters affecting them, and furthermore they have the freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds (UNICEF, 1989). The authors argue that children's voices are not sufficiently heard in the process of forming the educational policies related to success at school. The data was collected from the children in the form of stories. The paper, co-written by the researchers and the teacher, draws lessons from the students' stories about the good life of an imagined person named Sofia Tammi. The aim of analysing the stories was to identify and describe children's aspirations and experiences, and especially how they defined success through the theme of ‘good life'. Furthermore, the authors explore the meaning of inclusion and justice in the Nordic context.
Customer Value Perceptions
Authors: Perrea Toula , Melfou Katerina , Mamalis Spiros , Papanagiotou Panoraia
Published: February 2016

This paper investigates Customer Value (CV) perceptions towards own-country Geographic Indication (GI) food products. CV perceptions are the outcome of the trade-offs between perceived Values and Costs from the purchase or consumption of a product. The objective is to examine if the perceived gains from purchasing of GI foods would exceed any perceived losses and shed light on the exact type of perceived values and costs that define CV for GI foods. Despite doubts in relation to specific search and experience parameters of GI foods that impact on the development of a good consumer-product relationship, it is the positive perceptions about products' quality, likeability and social status that mainly formulate CV. Concerns in relation to GIs' price-availability are too mild, not subtracting much from the overall CV indicating that consumers are driven by more self-centred motives. For market success, GI food producers need to build stronger associations in consumers' mind between GI foods and their altruistic value in terms of the ethical character of their production.
Identifying Organization Preferences of Internet Marketing Channels using Hybrid Fuzzy MCDM Theories
Authors: Khatwani Gaurav , Srivastava Praveen Ranjan
Published: February 2016

The evaluation of different Internet marketing channels from the perspective of organizations is important to gain understanding of managerial preferences and assist in decision-making. Few studies have examined multi-channel customer management. However, the evaluation of different Internet marketing channels in the context of organizations remains a challenge. This study focuses on identifying organizational preferences in marketing products for different Internet marketing channels. The authors have used a hybrid MCDM approach in their study. The study involves four steps of computation: calculating the relative importance of factors that are critical for different organizations in marketing their products on the Internet using fuzzy extension of DEMATEL, calculating priorities of users for each channel using fuzzy extension of AHP, reaching consensus achievement using ordinal consensus improvement approach through geometric ordinal consensus index (GOCI), and ranking different Internet marketing channel using TOPSIS. The approach is illustrated through a case study.