bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Managing Diabetes and Obesity in COVID-19 among Maori Adults in New Zealand using Non-Pharmacological Interventions
Authors: Shahid Syed M
Published: August 2022

Background: World Health Organisation estimated that diabetes and obesity are responsible for 1.6 million and 4 million mortalities, globally. Likewise, New Zealanders also face the serious consequences of diabetes and obesity mainly impacted Maori due to existence of various health disparities. Presently, researches showed that people with pre-existing diabesity conditions are more susceptible to acquire COVID-19 and resulted in 48% mortality, globally. Aim: This literature review was aimed to identify the effects of Non-Pharmacological (lifestyle) interventions implemented for managing diabetes and obesity among adult Maori in New Zealand especially during COVID-19. Method: To conduct a comprehensive literature review, the universally acclaimed peer-reviewed electronic databases such as PubMed, ProQuest, EIT online and cross-references of included articles were used to discover the most relevant, recent studies on the present topic. Reviewer screened the articles based on inclusion criteria. Electronically available peer-reviewed journal articles which include the interventions on diabetes and obesity for adult Maori of New Zealand and should be conducted between 2015 to 2020 were included. Results: Reviewer searched 35 articles in total. Out of which 07 articles were selected according to inclusion criteria. From total 07, 02 articles included lifestyle interventions exclusively on adult Maori men and 05 studies included adult Maori and other ethnic groups. Findings of the review revealed that non-pharmacological interventions without incentives showed more retention rate of Maori adults as compared to intervention with incentives. All the included articles use Maori culturally acceptable approach in implementing lifestyle interventions for diabetes and obesity prevention. Conclusion: More research needs to be conducted for diabetes and obesity prevention among Maori adults in New Zealand as there is limited literature available which becomes insufficient during special circumstances such as COVID-19 Pandemic.
Therapeutic Potential of Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Leaves in Alloxan Monohydrate Induced Type-1 Diabetes in Experimental Rats
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev
Published: August 2022

Present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of Aegle marmelos in Alloxan monohydrate induced albino rats. Oral administration of fresh Aegle marmelos leaves (2 - 4 g/day) for 28 days shows significant blood glucose lowering effect in experimental alloxan induced diabetic rats. These diabetic rats blood glucose level became normal when fed with Aegle marmelos leaves. It is amply revealed that Aegle marmelos leaves possessed anti-diabetic and beta cells restoration properties. The results suggest that statistically significant anti-diabetic potential in alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rats. The Aegle marmelos leaves to be almost similar effect like insulin treatment in alloxan monohydrate administered experimental animal model. From the present study it appeared that Aegle marmelos might have some key ingredients to increase the output of insulin by binding to the receptors of the Beta cells of the Langerhans located in the pancreas. Once they bind to the Sulphonyl urea receptors, the K+ -ATP channels are probably closed and therefore the membrane is depolarized and insulin production is stimulated. During the course of study, Aegle marmelos leaves fed experimental animals were normal blood glucose levels compared to insulin treated animals.
Screening of Diabetic Patients for Frailty with the Frail Scale: A Comparison with the Fried’s Phenotype Criteria in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Ahmed Al-Ali Sadiq
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims: Frailty is a serious health issue that is associated with the decline of muscle and nerve functions. Several conditions have been associated with frailty, such as dementia, cancer, and diabetes. The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of frailty in Saudi diabetic patients and assess the association between diabetes and frailty. Also, to investigate if the FRAIL scale is an adequate tool to identify frail patients to pre-frail and healthy patients. Methods: Seventy-eight participants were divided into three categories; group-I, the control group, included 31 healthy men 65 to 75 years, group-II 25 patients with DM2 aged 50–64, and group-III included 22 patients with DM2 aged 65–80 years old. Frailty index using Fried’s criteria (CHS) and FRAIL scale was determined for all the participants. In ROC analysis, we evaluated diagnostic accuracy and AUC areas of the FRAIL scale compared with the CHS criteria. Results: Frail patients were more in Group II and III (diabetics) (44%, 55%) respectively than in Group-I (non-diabetics) 10%. People aged 63 years old or more are more likely to have frailty syndrome. Diabetic patients with FBG level ≥ 220 mg/dL, HbA1c level ≥ 9.5%, are more likely to be frail patients (P-values: 0.029, 0.002) respectively. Comparisons of the FRAIL scale to CHS components showed an independent diagnostic property. Conclusion: Frailty is a very serious condition, and it’s a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. FRAIL scale is a promising diagnostic tool, and more diagnostic studies are recommended.
Etiopathophysiological Functions of Carbohydrate-Lipid Interactions Associated with Obesity, Diabetes and Covid-19
Authors: Chukwuma Sr Chrysanthus
Published: August 2022

The extant COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in an expansive mortality due to the SARS-COV-2. The SARS-COV-2 is encompassed by a lipid bilayer that enhances fusion of the viral membrane to the host cell, replication, endocytosis, exocytosis and role of lipid metabolism in viral infectivity. In the absence of appropriate drugs and vaccines, there are never-ending opportunities for antiviral treatments. Consumption of diets suffused with carbohydrates and saturated fats contribute to obesity and diabetes prevalence, oxidative stress and comorbidities development as risk factors for COVID-19 pandemic as an emergency public health enigma. COVID-19 outbreak has invariably constituted a severe challenge to global public health system with resultant deficient approaches to stem the disorder but carbohydrates may provide accelerated diagnostics, appropriate, effective and efficient vaccines and therapeutic regimen. This paper provides a set of themes and modalities for analysing carbohydratelipid interactions as extrapolated to the issues and challenges of SARS-COV-2, the causative agent of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Diabetic Awareness Study and Factors affecting it, in Diabetic Patients in Hospital Nakfa, Rural Eritrea
Authors: Tesfai Berhe
Published: August 2022

Background: Diabetes mellitus is becoming the most prevailing non-communicable disease creating a burden to the health care system. The objective of this study was to assess awareness regarding diabetes mellitus and factors affecting the awareness levels. Methodology: A Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among all diabetic patients in follow-up of Nakfa Hospital. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Frequency distribution and tables were used and Independent sample t-tests and one way ANOVA of post hoc tests were used for data analysis. Results: A total of Ninety-two diabetic patients participated in this study. More than half (66.3%) were males with a mean age of 44.5±18.2. Nearly half (47.8%) of them were illiterate and 77.2% were unemployed. The mean scores on general knowledge, diabetic complication knowledge and self-care practice were observed to be 75.4%. Poor score was observed regarding general knowledge and self-care practice, 70.5% and 73.4% respectively. High mean score was observed in complication knowledge, 90.6%. Although being female, illiterate and short duration of illness was associated with low scores but it was not statistically significant. Conclusions: patients showed high mean score in complication knowledge and low scores on general knowledge and self-care practice. Frequent health education programs needs to be increased for better control of the disease and its complications. These results could help the policy makers to implement preventive strategies to prevent the complications and enhance the general knowledge of patients on Diabetes mellitus.
Potential Protective Effect of Empagliflozin on αKlotho/ Autophagy Protein LC3 in Diabetic Retinopathy: Evidence from Diabetic Mice Model
Authors: Nakhoul Farid
Published: August 2022

Introduction: To study the protective efficacy of Empagliflozin (EMPA), a novel sodium glucose transporter inhibitor antidiabetic drug, on the expression of α-klotho (αKL) protein and of the autophagy key proteins Light chain 3 (LC3) in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) mice diabetic retinopathy (DR). Materials and Methods: We used the BTBR mouse strain with the ob/ob leptin-deficiency mutation that develops spontaneously severe T2DM, C57/BL mice used as control. EMPA was administrated to the diabetic mice via drinking water for a period of 12 weeks. At the end of the experiment, mice retinas were removed and subjected to further histological analysis: Immunohistochemistry and Immunofluorescence staining for αKL, LC3, protein expression level. Results: Retinal αKL protein expression levels were lower in diabetic mice than control (11.94±4.6 vs 48.4±5.33) % ** P< 0.01), which were restored to near normal with EMPA treatment compared to DM mice (35+20.4% vs 11.94±4.6%,*P<0.05). LC3 levels were increased in diabetic retinas compared to control (29.44±2.84 vs 15.6± 2.23) %, *** P<0.01, and increased with EMPA treatment compared to control (24.77±1.4% vs, 15.6±2.3% *P<0.05). There were no significant changes in ATG5 protein expression in the two groups of diabetic mice with or without EMPA. Conclusions: The data suggested that αKL protein and the autophagy proteins LC3 & ATG5 are involved in the pathogenesis of DR. Our data suggested that αKL and the autophagy key protein LC3 modulators could probably be potential protective factors against retinopathy develops in T2DM patients.
MODEL OF TOLERANCE EDUCATION IN THE TAHFIDZUL QUR'AN AL-KAHFI HIDAYATULLAH ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL IN SURAKARTA, CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA
Authors: Suryono Suryono , Sutama Sutama , Asy'arie Musa , Fatimah Meti
Published: August 2022

This study aims to find out how the tolerance education system has been implemented in the Tahfidzul Qur'an Al Kahfi Hidayatullah Islamic boarding school in Surakarta Indonesia and how the tolerance education method has been applied. The research method used is qualitative. This type of research is a case study in which the research focuses on a particular case to be observed and analyzed thoroughly and thoroughly and the focus of the study is students or students of the Tahfidzul Qur'an Al Kahfi Hidayatullah Islamic boarding school, Surakarta.The data that has been collected and obtained is then analyzed using a structured method. Data collection was carried out by using interview, observation and documentation techniques.We strive to sort, classify and categorize all data that has been collected using guided techniques so that the themes can be identified according to the tolerance education process of the Tahfidzul Qur'an Al Kahfi Hidayatullah Islamic boarding school.The results of this study indicate the tolerance education system in the Tahfidzul Qur'an Al Kahfi Hidayatullah Islamic boarding school that tolerance education is integrated with all subjects, which the curriculum in the cottage is divided into three, namely superior subjects, special subjects and general subjects.Meanwhile, the model for implementing tolerance education includes the placement of boarding schools for students, no permanent placement of students in a hostel, stipulating regulations on the transfer of students every year and through discussion forums and halaqoh.
STUDI SEJARAH ISLAM DAN PROSES PENGEMBANGANNYA
Authors: Anshori Rodhi Mustofa
Published: August 2022

Sejarah islam merupakan salah satu bidang study islam yang sangat menarik untuk di bahas karena banyak manfaat yang bisa di peroleh dari penelitian tersebut. Bagi umat islam dalam mendalami tentang sejarah akan memberikan rasa kebanggaan tersendiri. Selaim itu juga, banyak kisah yang di pelajari seperti study pra islam, masuknya, dan periode pengembangan. Study islam ini ternyata menarik para ilmuan dari dunia barat untuk melakukan sebuah penelitian, tanpa di sadari selama ini informasi yang didapatkan tentang sejarah study islam banyak berasal dari dunia barat karena kepribadian etos keilmuan yang tinggi di dukung oleh finansial dan kemampuam berpolitik. Akan tetapi ada juga para ilmuan muslim tapi di karenakan kurangnya etos keilmuan dan kemampuan berpolitik menjadi para peneliti muslim masih tertinggal dari dunia barat.
PENTINGNYA MEMAHAMI PERAN METODOLOGI STUDI ISLAM TERHADAP GENERASI MILENIAL DI ERA DIGITALISASI
Authors: Danil Muhammad
Published: August 2022

The methodology of Islamic studies is said to be of urgency for the current millennial generation. Where the teaching of islam, which are a doctrinal legacy, have been swallowed up by the times along with the development of modern digitalization. Therefore, the aims of this research is to find out more about the importance of Islamic study methodology for the millennial generation. By using a qualitative descriptive method, the author uses a cognitive moral development approach and behavioral psychology which are expected to be able to understand the methodology of Islamic studies to the millennial generation. Millennial generation or often called Gen Y, their interest in Islamic studies is not because of coercion. But their goal in understanding Islam in more detail in the midst of technological sophistication, is because they will make Islam their way of life. Islam should be used as a guideline by the current millennial generation, who have been exposed to the internet since birth so that they do not take wrong steps in the future. To do this, they can get to know Islamic studies further through existing approaches as well as Islamic character education which is then applied in everyday life.
MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTIVE WAQF FOR EMPOWERMENT OF THE UMMAH
Authors: Muthoifin Muthoifin , Firdaus Inayah
Published: August 2022

Research under the title of productive Waqf management strategy in order to empower students in the boarding school of Al-Fath Sukoharjo to be more aware of how productive waqf is being used for the empowerment of students, so that the management can be known. This type of research is included in qualitative research that comes from interviews and data observation. The source of this research data consist of primary data sources, researchers directly conduct interviews to the parties concerned in the management of productive Waqf in the boarding school Tahfidzul Qur'an Al-Fath Sukoharjo, researchers also use secondary data sources such as books, articles and other reference materials. The results explained that in the effort of students Empowerment, Pondok Pesantren Al-Fath Sukoharjo maximizes various ways for the management of productive waqf can continue to grow and its benefits can be perceived by the students.
ISLAMIC CURRICULUM MANAGEMENT AT PONDOK PESANTREN SALAFIAH BAITUL RAFKI AS-SA'DIYAH TALU TALAMAU DISTRICT PASAMAN BARAT
Authors: Refinal Refinal , Lahmi Ahmad , Ritonga Mahyudin
Published: August 2022

This study aims to illustrate how the management of Islamic curriculum in Salafiah boarding schools, this goal is based on the reality that the Islamic curriculum in each private educational institution has a difference between each other, this is because every manager of educational institutions, especially boarding schools have the authority to manage the curriculum. The methods used in this research are qualitative, research data sources of pondok pesantren leaders, representatives of curriculum fields, teachers in boarding schools are selected puvosif, data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation studies, data analyzed with an interactive approach. Based on the results of the research it is known that the management of the curriculum in salafiah boarding school Baitul Rafki As-Sa'diyah Talu is: 1) islamic curriculum planning is dominated by the results of thought and desire of the leadership of islamic boarding schools, 2) the implementation of islamic curriculum in the boarding school is carried out all human resources in accordance with the direction of the curriculum representative, 3) Evaluation of the curriculum in this boarding school is not carried out in accordance with the demands of the changing times.
ANALISIS KONSEPTUAL MANAJEMEN MUTU DI MADRASAH DAN PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Khoiriah Khoiriah , Zulmuqim Zulmuqim
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to conceptually analyze the quality management in Madrasah and Islamic boarding schools. As for the approach, this research is a research library, which means that research is carried out based on written work. The results of this study indicate that to carry out quality management there needs to be a reliable manager/principal. To support the effectiveness and efficiency of their performance, a school/madrasah principal must have several special competencies including professional competence, competency in educational and management insight, personality competence, social competence. The concept of quality management of madrasah and pesantren is related to the optimization of management functions in managing the quality of the pesantren ranging from quality strategic planning, market research, SWOT analysis, key events, strategic plans, developing long-term institutional strategies, quality policies, and quality plans, costs and quality benefits, costs of prevention and failure, up to monitoring and evaluation and quality control.
PEMIKIRAN R.A. KARTINI UNTUK RELEVANSI PENDIDIKAN KHUSUSNYA PADA KAUM WANITA DI INDONESIA
Authors: Suryani Nur Atun , Hudaidah Hudaidah
Published: August 2022

R.A. Kartini adalah salah satu wanita hebat yang berjuang demi Indonesia. Beliau merupakan inspirator bagi suluruh kaum wanita. Perjuangan R.A. Kartini dalam pendidikan begitu erat kaitannya dengan emansipasi wanita. Perjuangan R.A. Kartini dalam dunia pendidikan sangatlah keras. Ia meyakini, bahwa dengan hanya dengan pendidikanlah derajat kaum wanita bisa diangkat dan menyadarkan masyarakat pentingnya peran wanita dalam peradaban bangsa Indonesia. Adapun tujuan dari penulisan ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimanakah peran seorang R.A. Kartini dalam pendidikan untuk kaum wanita. Jika dulu wanita selalu dianggap sebagai orang yang hanya bisa bekerja di dapur, tapi semenjak R.A. Kartini memperjuangkan pendidikan untuk kaum wanita, semuanya berubah. Wanita tidak hanya bisa bekerja di dapur, tapi wanita juga punya peran penting dalam peradaban Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian histori dan biografi berdasarkan fakta dalam sejarah. Semua yang tertulis disini adalah hasil dari analisis beberapa sumber yang teoritis dan kritis dari jurnal atau web yang menceritakan tentang perjuangan R.A. Kartini dalam pendidikan kaum wanita dan pendidikan islam di Indonesia. Dengan kegigihan dan sikap pantang menyerah inilah yang membuat perjuangan R.A. Kartini sampai detik ini mampu menghasilkan generasi penerus bangsa yang kuat.
REDESAIN BAHAN AJAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA BAHASA ARAB BAGI PESERTA DIDIK MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI
Authors: Satrio Satrio
Published: August 2022

Learning resources are one of the most important aspects of learning, the achievement of learning objectives is also inseparable from the learning resources used. In line with that, several studies prove that the arabic learning resources used in Indonesia have not been clearly measured the orientation of targeted language skills, therefore this study is designed to find the right form of design for Arabic language teaching materials in an effort to improve the speaking ability of learners. The methods used in this study are qualitative, data collection techniques used observation, interview and documentation, data analysis techniques using the approach used by Haberman. The results prove that the design of Arabic teaching materials for the purpose of speaking skills should be dominated by conversational exercises, tadribat with various models, maximizing grammatical examples that are applicative.
THE ROLE OF THE PRINCIPAL IN DEVELOPING A RELIGIOUS CULTURE AT SMPN 4 BOYOLALI
Authors: Fatimah Meti , Maksum Muh Nur Rochim , Ramdhani Deddy
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the importance of the role of the principal in developing a religious culture in schools. This study uses a qualitative approach aimed at describing and analyzing natural phenomena, events, social activities regarding the development of religious culture through the internalization of moral and religious values at SMPN 4 Boyolali. Documentation, observation and interviews are the methods used to collect data.  Meanwhile, the technique of analyzing and analyzing the data is using data reduction, categorizing the checking of the validity of the data and interpreting the data. The results of this study indicate that developing a religious culture in schools requires systematic policies and concepts.
REALIZING DEMOCRATIC EDUCATION THROUGH THE DEVELOPMENT OF PESANTREN EDUCATION PROCESS
Authors: Maksum Muh. Nur Rochim , Ramdhani Deddy , Fatimah Meti , Nisa Athia Tamyizatun
Published: August 2022

An educational institution will be able to actualize democratic education in its school environment holistically as described by Zamroni (2011)  must at least integrate three important elements in a school. The three elements are the structure, the culture of the school, and the educational process carried out by teachers. Previous literature studies show that the integration of the three elements has not been maximally actualized in educational institutions. This research will explain the actualization of democratic education through the reorientation of the democratic education process through the development of extracurricular activities of modern Islamic boarding school Assalaam Surakarta Indonesia. To achieve the research objectives, this study uses a qualitative approach with three data collection techniques: interviews, documentation, observations. The results of this study show that the actualization of democratic education in the boarding school environment through the development of extracurricular activities can be done by reorienting extracurricular activities. At least the reorientation process can be carried out in the early stages, namely, the use of extracurricular activities proportionately and professionally, to carry out the management of the extracurricular based on democratic values and develop extracurricular activities in a structured and planned manner to develop democratic values gradually and continuously.
THE EPISTEMOLOGY OF USHUL FIQH AL-GHAZALI IN HIS BOOK AL-MUSTASHFA MIN USHUF FIQH نظرية المعرفة الأصولية عند الغزالي من خلال كتابه المستصفى من علم الأصول
Authors: Apriantoro Muhamad Subhi , Muthoifin Muthoifin
Published: August 2022

This study analyzed the epistemological theory of Ushul Fiqh, which is currently devoid of the interest of enthusiasts of the fundamentals of jurisprudence and followers of the philosophy of science. Given the demands to use this science cannot be separated from the development of his epistemology. For reference, this study evokes Al-Ghazali who has historically been a representative figure as a representative of classical thinkers. The data presented in this study are taken from the main source, Al-Mustasfa's book from the science of Ushul. This study concluded that Al-Ghazali's ushul fiqh epistemology is deductive rationality, very clearly reject non-rational arguments let alone metaphysics. Al-Ghazali has assumed that the senses can be used as a source of knowledge, Illustrated in three models of thinking, which are semantic thinking based on linguistic principles.Kajian ini menganalisis teori epistemologis ushul fikih, yang saat ini sepi dari minat peminat dasar-dasar fikih dan pengikut falsafah sains. Mengingat tuntutan untuk menggunakan ilmu ini tidak lepas dari perkembangan epistemologinya. Sebagai referensi, kajian ini membangkitkan Al-Ghazali yang secara historis merupakan sosok yang representatif sebagai wakil dari para pemikir klasik. Data yang disajikan dalam penelitian ini diambil dari sumber utama yaitu kitab Al-Mustasfa dari ilmu Ushul. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa epistemologi ushul fikih Al-Ghazali adalah rasionalitas deduktif, sangat jelas menolak argumentasi non-rasional apalagi metafisika. Al-Ghazali beranggapan bahwa indera dapat digunakan sebagai sumber ilmu, tergambar dalam tiga model pemikiran, yaitu berpikir semantik berdasarkan kaidah kebahasaan.
PERSPEKTIF TEOLOGIS A COMMON WORD SEBAGAI TITIK TEMU ANTARA ISLAM DAN KRISTEN: TELAAH PEMIKIRAN IBRAHIM KALIN
Authors: Miswanto Agus
Published: August 2022

Artikel ini mengkaji pemikiran Ibrahim kalin tentang teologis A Common Word sebagai basis hubungan relasional islam-Kristen. Ibrahim kalin merupakan salah seorang intelektual Turkey kontemporer yang cukup berpengaruh. Dengan pendekatan historis dan filsafat kontemporer, Ibrahim Kalin menemukan basis teologis A Common Word hubungan Islam dan Kristen yang kuat dalam praktek Islam pada zaman Nabi SAW. Dan ini dapat menjadi landasan pengembangan hubungan Islam-Kristen yang positif dan harmonis. Dan hubungan Islam-Kristen yang adem panas selama ini, sesungguhnya berangkat dari polemic teologis paska Nabi SAW sebagai respon terhadap persoalan geopolitik zaman itu, sehingga berdampak pada hubungan Islam-kristen yang bersifat fluktuatif, dan cenderung kurang harmonis. Lebih lanjut, perubahan politik dan social dunia barat, juga tidak memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan hubungan relasional Islam Kristen. Karena paradigam hubungan unipolar yang dikembangan dunia barat, justru semakin merusak ragam peradaban yang berbeda dengan dunia barat. Oleh karena pengembangan hubungan Islam-Kristen kedepan harus mengedepankan pola multipolar, keragaman dunia dan kesetaraan.
PENGKADERAN ORANG TUA TERHADAP ANAK DI MUHAMMADIYAH: STUDI PADA KELUARGA DI PIMPINAN CABANG MUHAMMADIYAH CAKRU JEMBER
Authors: Arifin Safrizal Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Meskipun peran kader orang tua terhadap anak sangat strategis dalam membentuk manusia yang baik dan berkualitas, penelitian tentang kader orang tua terhadap anak dalam organisasi Muhammadiyah sampai saat ini masih sedikit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap proses pengkaderan orang tua terhadap anak dalam organisasi Muhammadiyah, tujuan pengkaderan dalam keluarga, hubungan pola asuh dalam keluarga dengan proses pengkaderan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif fenomenologis dengan orang tua dan anak dari 3 keluarga di Pimpinan Cabang Muhammadiyah Cabang Cakru Jember. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan diskusi kelompok terfokus yang dianalisis secara induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengkaderan yang dilakukan oleh orang tua bervariasi bahkan dalam menerapkan pola asuh yang ditemukan bersifat lunak dimana orang tua menggunakan salah satu dari dua gaya asuh (gaya asuh campuran). Dengan kata lain, orang tua tidak semata-mata menerapkan salah satu pola asuh dalam mendidik anaknya menjadi kader aktif organisasi otonom Muhammadiyah. Tidak semua pola asuh yang diterapkan orang tua kepada anaknya bersifat negatif. Dalam situasi dan kondisi yang sama di mana orang tua ingin menunjukkan otoritasnya, gaya pengasuhan otoriter atau permisif dapat diterapkan. Dalam penelitian ini, partisipan berbagi pengalaman dalam proses pengkaderan Muhammadiyah dalam lingkup keluarga dan hambatan yang dialami keluarga selama terlibat aktif di Muhammadiyah. Temuan penelitian ini dapat menjadi referensi yang berguna dalam bidang Psikologi Pendidikan Islam dalam memahami peran orang tua sebagai faktor penting kader keluarga dalam organisasi Muhammadiyah.
LEARNING MANAGEMENT BASED ON MULTICULTURAL AT ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL DARUSY SYAHADAH SIMO BOYOLALI
Authors: Ramdhani Deddy , Asy’arie Musa , Waston Waston , Maksum Muh. Nur Rochim , Fatimah Meti
Published: August 2022

Islamic Boarding School has the main task to develop religious values in students. But on the other hand, boarding schools must develop social intelligence by actualizing multicultural education. This research aims to find out the planning, implementation, and evaluation of learning that contains multicultural values in Islamic boarding school Darusy Syahadah Simo Boyolali. This type of research is field research, with qualitative descriptive methods and using a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques use interview, observation, and documentation methods. While the data analysis technique used is interpretive descriptive analysis. There are three results from this study. First, learning planning seen from the perspective of multicultural education has contained multicultural values such as the value of togetherness, and the value of democracy is seen in the learning planning process which involves many parties to conduct group discussions (musyawarah). While the value that contradicts multicultural values is born from the non-creation of products from the planning process in the form of learning tools such as syllabuses and documented learning implementation plans. Second, the implementation of his learning is seen from the strategies used that have contained multicultural values such as the values of democracy, tolerance, justice, togetherness, peace, solidarity. While the contradictory value of multicultural values there are values of injustice and the value of discrimination in interacting between students and teachers in the process of learning activities. Third, the evaluation of learning contains multicultural values in terms of processes and products such as democratic values, values of justice, diversity, tolerance, peace. At the same time, there is also a contradictory value characterized by the value of a conflict, hegemony, and dominance among the students in interacting daily in the environment of Islamic boarding school Darusy Syahadah.
TAX MODERNIZATION IN INDONESIA: STUDY OF ABU YUSUF'S THINKING ON TAXATION IN THE BOOK OF AL-KHARAJ
Authors: Amrin Amrin , Khairusoalihin Khairusoalihin , Muthoifin Muthoifin
Published: August 2022

tax for a country is one of the main income in the country so that the tax funds collected will have a positive impact on the population of that country, the purpose of this research is to provide education to Muslims that the tax culture that has developed in Indonesia at this time has existed since the classical Islamic era. namely in the time of Abu Yusuf, the type of research carried out by researchers in this paper was a qualitative method using a library method (library) which was reviewed from historical, books and previous research results, in research, it has been suggested that there is a modernization system in taxation in Indonesia where In the era of Abu Yusuf, taxes were focused on three main points, namely agricultural products, crop yields, tax-sharing income, while the tax was developed again by economists in Indonesia, income tax (PPN: Pajak Penambahan Nilai), value-added tax (VAT), sales tax on luxury items PPn BM), Customs duty, Land and building tax (PBB), Acquisition fees for land and buildings (BHTB). The essence of tax is a community granting for assets owned for the common welfare.
WASATHIYAH: THEORY AND PRACTICE IN MUHAMMADIYAH FATWA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC الوسطية بين النظرية والتطبيق في الفتاوى المحمدية خلال جائحة كوفيد 19 : دراسة تحليلية
Authors: Rachmadhani Fajar
Published: August 2022

This study aims to analyze the moderate attitude (washathiyyah) that characterizes religious understanding in the Muhammadiyah Movement, especially in the conditions of the covid-19 pandemic, which until now has not ended. Muhammadiyah through its fatwa institutions, the Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid have issued circulars or guidelines for the implementation of worship during the covid-19 pandemic, as a form of response to the problems that arise in the midst of a very diverse society in responding to the conditions of this covid pandemic, there are some people who are indifferent even underestimate the issue of this pandemic, by not complying with the health protocols that have been made by the government there are also some others who are too excessive in responding to it, resulting in looting or hoarding of goods, even panic buying that occurs in several places. So, this is where the role of Muhammadiyah as a moderate Islamic movement is to contribute both morally and materially, one of which is by providing moderate religious understanding in responding to this pandemic. This research includes qualitative research that focuses on library research which is descriptive analytical based on text studies, In this case, the researchers made Muhammadiyah Central Leadership Circular Number 02/EDR/1.0/E/2020, regarding Worship Guidelines. In the Covid-19 Emergency and several other Tarjih fatwas related to guidelines for the implementation of worship during the Covid-19 pandemic as primary data. To analyze the data, the researcher used qualitative analysis using the method of content analysis. This method is used to draw conclusions through efforts to bring out the characteristics of the message which is carried out objectively and systematically. الملخص : تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تحليل الموقف الوسطي الذي أصبح سمة من سمات الجمعية المحمدية وخصائصها، وخاصة في حالة انتشار جائحة كوفيد-19. لقد أصدرت الجمعية المحمدية من خلال مجلس الترجيح والتجديد التابع لها الفتاوى والإرشادات في أداء العبادات أثناء جائحة كوفيد-19، استجابة للمشاكل التي يواجهها المجتمع الإندونيسي في شتى مواقفهم تجاه هذه الجائحة، منهم الأشخاص الذين لا يبالون بل يقللون من شأن قضية هذه الجائحة، من خلال عدم الامتثال للنظم الصحية التي وضعتها الحكومة، وبعض الآخر يبالغون في الاستجابة لها، مما يؤدي إلى نهب البضائع أو احتكارها، والشراء الذعر الذي حدث في العديد من الأماكن. فمن هنا، كان للجمعية المحمدية -بصفتها حركة إسلامية وسطية- دور هام  في المساهمة معنويًا كان أو وماديًا، من خلال توفير المفاهيم الدينية الوسطية للمجتمع في الاستجابة لهذه الجائحة.  يعتبر هذا البحث بحثا نوعيا بحيث يركز على البحث في المكتبات وهو بحث تحليلي وصفي يعتمد على دراسات نصية، وفي هذه الدراسة قام الباحث بدراسة منشور القيادة المركزية المحمدية رقم 02 / EDR / 1.0 / E / 2020  بشأن إرشادات العبادات خلال جائجة كوفيد-19 كبيانات أولية. ولتحليل البيانات استخدم الباحث المنهج التحليل النوعي بحيث تستخدم هذه الطريقة لاستخلاص النتائج من خلال الجهود المبذولة لإخراج خصائص الرسالة التي يتم تنفيذها بشكل موضوعي ومنهجي.
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN ONLINE TERHADAP CAPAIAN PEMBELAJARAN DIPENGARUHI BUDAYA BELAJAR
Authors: Basuki Imam , Sahab Dahris , NE Bias
Published: August 2022

: This study uses a quantitative research approach that focuses on hypothesis testing to find the truth of the hypothesis which is then carried out by statistical tests to provide information and explanations in the form of accurate data so that it can be analyzed further. Research that aims to investigate behavioral changes that occur in students is influenced by the interaction of lecturers with students and virtual student interactions with students. This study aims to find the right concept of learning methods in fostering achievement motivation and building a student learning culture in the polytechnic education environment, especially in the theoretical subject group. The sample of this study was 135 people who were selected by selecting the sample using proportional sampling and purposive sampling methods. Analysis of the data used is path analysis. The results of testing the third hypothesis (H3) with Path Analysis showed that the online learning variable through the Learning Culture variable as a mediating variable had an effect of 0.617 on Learning Outcomes and was accepted at a significance level of 5% (p0.05) and from the Sobel test, it was obtained tcount = 3.702 is greater than t table with a significance level of 0.05, which is 2.301, so it can be concluded that the mediation coefficient of 0.617 is significant, so that the hypothesis (H3) is accepted, namely Learning Culture has an effect on the relationship between Online Learning and Learning Outcomes.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif yang memfokuskan pada pengujian hipotesis untuk menemukan kebenaran dari hipotesis yang selanjutnya dilakukan uji statistik untuk memberikan informasi dan penjelasan berupa data-data yang akurat agar dapat dianalisis lebih lanjut. Penelitian yang bertujuan menyelidiki perubahan perilaku yang terjadi pada mahasiswa dipengaruhi oleh interaksi dosen dengan mahasiswa dan interaksi mahasiswa dengan mahasiswa secara maya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan konsep metode pembelajaran yang tepat dalam menumbuhkan motivasi berprestasi serta membangun budaya belajar mahasiswa di lingkungan pendidikan politeknik khususnya pada kelompok matakuliah teoritik. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 135 orang yang terpilih dengan pemilihan sampel menggunakan metode proporsional sampling dan purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis jalur. Hasil pengujian hipotesis ketiga (H3) dengan Path Analysis yang menunjukkan bahwa variabel pembelajaran online melalui variabel Budaya Belajar sebagai variabel mediasi berpengaruh sebesar 0,617 terhadap Capaian Pembelajaran dan diterima pada taraf signifikansi 5% (p0,05) dan dari Sobel test diperoleh thitung = 3,702 lebih besar dari t tabel dengan tingkat signifikansi 0.05 yaitu sebesar 2,301 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa koefisien mediasi 0,617 adalah signifikan, sehingga hipotesis (H3) dinyatakan diterima yaitu Budaya Belajar berpengaruh
PENGANTAR REDAKSI
Authors: Profetika Redaksi
Published: August 2022

Pengatar Redaksi
THE PATTERN OF ISLAMIC CHARACTER EDUCATION OF THE MUHAMMADIYAH STUDENT ASSOCIATION (IMM) AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION IN FORMAL EDUCATION
Authors: Risman Kadar , Asman Asman
Published: August 2022

Education is not only the task of educational institutions. the duties of all components of the nation's children, including student organizations such as IMM. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of character education carried out by IMM for Kendari City students who also helped improve the world of education. This research is afield research using qualitative methods to describe the pattern of IMM character education. Data collection techniques are carried out by observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis using data reduction, data presentation, and data lever. The results of this research are that there are three patterns of IMM character education, namely the Formal Cadre (education) pattern, the halaqah or teaching pattern (tarbiyah) and the sustainable development pattern. The three of them can have implications for formal education in school institutions.
THE EFFECT OF GLOBALIZATION ON THE DETERMINATION OF ISLAMIC LAW AS THE BASIS OF THE STATE IN INDONESIA: Analysis of the thoughts of KH. Abdul Wahid Hasyim and Ki Bagus Hadikusumo about the implementation of Islamic law in Indonesia
Authors: Suciyani Suciyani
Published: August 2022

Globalization, Islamic law, Islamic figures. Nationalist figures who are considered not to represent Muslims in the formulation of Pancasila as the state ideology. The categorization of the dominance of power and thought becomes a problem among Muslims. The discourse of Islamic leaders in the formulation of Pancasila, such as ideas and concepts and their correlation with power and politics at that time. The existence of globalization is the cause and root of the problem of the classification of Islamic nationalists and secular nationalists. In the discourse theory of Michel Foucault and the paradigm theory of the characteristics of Islamic thought, the facts behind the discourses of Islamic figures are inseparable from historical factors. The writings of Islamic figures involved in the formulation of Pancasila were heavily influenced. This study only takes two Islamic figures as the focus of the study. These two great figures are the key to the determination of Pancasila, namely KH. Abdul Wahid Hasyim and Ki Bagus Hadikusumo. The involvement of Islamic leaders in the formulation of Pancasila is the impact of power. Islamic figures have a cultural role behind the scenes, because of the concept of the dichotomy of Islamic culture in Indonesia. Islam is seen as Knowledge rather than power or politics. The mention of secular nationalists and Islamic nationalists is based on ideas, not power. The discourse of Islamic figures in the formulation of the basic state is a political compromise regarding Islamic identity and Islam as values. The existence of a struggle for ideas or thoughts instead of a power struggle among Islamic leaders is mostly driven by the pressure of global political conditions. The result of the formulation of Pancasila puts forward the unity of Indonesia. The discourse of Islamic figures originated from different thoughts. The existence of the current Islamic law enforcement movement is due to the desire to power not based on Islamic scholarship.
THE ROLE OF RELIGIOUS LEADERS IN STRENGTHENING AQIDAH IN NYADRAN TRADITION IN WONOGIRI DISTRICT, CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE
Authors: Supriyanto Supriyanto , Sulastri Devi , Amrin Amrin
Published: August 2022

This study aims to determine the role of Islamic religious leaders in straightening aqidah in the Nyadran tradition in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. This type of research uses a qualitative type with field studies in Plosorejo Village, Kismantoro District. While the research approach used is descriptive analysis. The data analysis used is using inductive analysis with an ethnographic approach. The results showed that the role of religious leaders in rectifying the aqidah related to the Nyadran tradition in Plosorejo Village, Kismantoro District, Wonogiri Regency was quite good starting as a spiritual leader, builder and claimant of the people and as a builder of social ethics through inclusive and varied methods. The role of religious leaders has sacredness in people's lives in Plosorejo Village,
THE EFFECT OF DIVERSITY OF HALAL FOOD PRODUCTS AND PROMOTION ON THE INTEREST OF TOURISTS
Authors: Indriastuti Wahyu Ari , Wigati Erna , Wahyuningsih Tri , Muthoifin Muthoifin
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to reveal the effect of the diversity of halal food products and promotions on tourist interest. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research with the type of field research, which was carried out at the Ciplukan Market, Sendang Ijo Mlilir Gentungan Mojogedang Karanganyar. The results showed that: 1). there is a positive and significant influence on the diversity of halal food products on tourist interest in the Ciplukan market of Sendang Ijo, Gentungan Mojogedang. The more diverse halal food products are sold, the higher the interest of tourists to visit the market, 2). There is a positive and significant effect of promotion on tourist interest. The higher or more intensive the promotion carried out, the higher the interest of tourists to come to visit the market, and vice versa, 3). There is a positive and significant influence on the diversity of halal food products and promotions on the interest of tourists in Ciplukan Market. These two variables together can be used as a basis for predicting tourist interest, 4). The diversity of halal food products is a variable that is a larger contribution to visitor interest than promotion. These two variables together can be used as a basis for predicting tourist interest, 4). The diversity of halal food products is a variable that is a larger contribution to visitor interest than promotion. These two variables together can be used as a basis for predicting tourist interest, 4). The diversity of halal food products is a variable that is a larger contribution to visitor interest than promotion.
Identification Biofilm Producers s. Aureus Isolates and Detect their Biofilm Genes from Gingivitis Cases
Authors: A. Rashid Sirwan , Muhammed Sorchee Sawsan , D. Yonus Mustafa , F. Bahjat Omar
Published: August 2022

Gingivitis is one of the most common oral disorders and is caused by the accumulation of plaque in people with poor oral hygiene. The purpose of this study is to detect Staphylococcus aureus biofilm producers in cases of gingivitis and detect their biofilm genes. During the months of November 2018 and February 2019, a sample of fifty patients diagnosed clinically with gingivitis were collected from the laboratory of the Faculty of Dentistry at Hawler Medical University. Using the traditional culture method and vitek 2, eleven S. aureus bacteria isolates were identified. Using the Congo red agar method, biofilm detection was performed to test the ability to form biofilm. The S. aureus isolates were put through a series of tests to see if the genes responsible for the biofilm could be found (PCR). Biofilm formation method of detection using Congo red agar showed that 10 (90.1%) of S. aureus were biofilm positive and one 1 (9.1%) were biofilm negative. As well as the results of molecular analysis by using PCR showed that isolated S. aureus were carried biofilm genes icaC (100%), icaD (100%), cna (90.9%) and fnba (100%). Gingivitis is one of the most common oral diseases in our area, and this research found that the majority of S. aureus isolates carry the icaC, icaD, cna, and fnba Biofilm genes.
Looking Away: Apathy towards Climate Crisis in Literary Fiction during the Post-Truth Era
Authors: Taskeen Shaista , Mohsin Dr. Syed Wahaj
Published: August 2022

There is dearth of literary fiction on climate crisis as is being pointed by acclaimed writers and scholars across the globe. Writers like Amitav Ghosh and Salman Rushdie have initiated a dialogue in this regard. In the post-truth era, the issue of climate change is being blatantly denied and doubt is being manufactured regarding this issue. The novelists need to address this issue urgently, so as to create awareness among the readers. The apathy towards climate crisis needs to be mitigated without delay. Stories can motivate people to take social responsibility and bring changes that are useful for a sustainable development. It is by means of storytelling that the people across the globe can be educated about climate crisis and the issue can be made more relatable. Fiction can be a catalyst for change. Literary imagination of the novelists needs to extend beyond everyday life to accommodate the issue of climate change. Role of culture and its relationship with climate crisis is duly comprehended in this study.

This paper focuses on the importance of initiating a dialogue on climate crisis and the scarcity of this issue in contemporary literary fiction. Insightful observations and views of acclaimed writers and scholars have been duly incorporated to lend this scholarly endeavour a firm ground.