bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Riemerella anatipestifer strains isolated from geese and ducks in Hungary
Authors: Gyuris Éva , Wehmann Enikő , Czeibert Katalin , Magyar Tibor
Published: June 2017

Riemerella anatipestifer causes anatipestifer disease in many avian species. A total of 185 R. anatipestifer strains isolated in Hungary between 2000 and 2014 from geese and ducks were tested against 13 antibiotics (ampicillin, doxycycline, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, flumequine, gentamicin, penicillin, spectinomycin, streptomycin, sulphamethoxazole—trimethoprim, sulphonamide compounds, and tetracycline) by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The majority of the strains were susceptible to florfenicol (97.9%), ampicillin (95.1%), penicillin (93%), sulphamethoxazole—trimethoprim (92.4%), and spectinomycin (86.5%). The highest resistance rates were observed for flumequine, tetracycline, erythromycin and streptomycin (94%, 91.4%, 75.1% and 71.4% resistance, respectively). The resistance patterns showed some variation depending on the geographical origin of the strains. The average rate of extensive drug resistance was 30.3%, and its proportion tended to increase in the period examined.
Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus with a recombinant S gene detected in Hungary, 2016
Authors: Valkó Anna , Biksi Imre , Cságola Attila , Tuboly Tamás , Kiss Krisztián , Ursu Krisztina , Dán Ádám
Published: June 2017

Porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) can cause a severe enteric disease affecting pigs of all ages. In January 2016, diarrhoea with occasional vomiting was observed in a small pig farm in Hungary. All animals became affected, while mortality (of up to 30%) was only seen in piglets. Samples from different age groups and the carcass of a piglet were examined by various methods including pathology, bacteriology and molecular biology. PEDV was confirmed by PCR and its whole genome sequence was determined. The sequence PEDV HUN/5031/2016 showed high identity with recently reported European viruses. Differences were found mostly in the S gene, where recombination was detected with a newly identified and already recombinant swine enteric coronavirus (Se-CoV) from Italy. The present report describes the first porcine epidemic diarrhoea outbreak in Hungary after many years and gives an insight into the genetics of the Hungarian PEDV.
Generation of PCV2 in PK15 cells transfected with recombinant baculovirus containing a 1.1 copy of the PCV2 genome
Authors: Cai Jie , Xie Xiaohong , Hu Yi , Zhan Yang , Yu Wanting , Wang Aibing , Wang Naidong
Published: June 2017

Porcine circovirus associated diseases (PCVAD) caused by PCV2 are responsible for severe economic losses in the swine industry. The mechanism of PCV2 replication has not been fully elucidated yet. PCV2 may be successfully rescued by means of either an infectious DNA clone containing the full length of the viral genomic DNA, or from PCV2-infected clinical tissues in PK15 cell culture. However, viruses harvested by both methods have low titres. In this study, PCV2 was prepared with a higher titre from PK15 cells infected by recombinant baculoviruses containing 1PCV2 (one stem-loop structure) or 1.1PCV2 (two stem-loop structure) genomic DNA copy. In addition, infectious DNA clones containing two stem-loop structures in either plasmid or baculovirus backbones are capable of generating a higher virus titre than the DNA clones with only one copy of stem-loop structure.
PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGELOLAAN AREAL PERLINDUNGAN LAUT – BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI KABUPATEN ADMINISTRASI KEPULAUAN SERIBU, DKI JAKARTA
Authors: Erwiantono Erwiantono , Amanah Siti , Asngari Pang S. , Kinseng Rilus A.
Published: June 2017

Pada dua dekade terakhir, kondisi ekosistem terumbu karang di perairan Kepulauan Seribu telah menunjukkan degradasi yang mengkawatirkan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, mulai tahun 2004 Pemda Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu bersama masyarakat menerapkan program Areal Perlindungan Laut–Berbasis Masyarakat (APL–BM) di lima kelurahan. Tujuan penelitian  adalah : (1) menganalisis tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan APL–BM, dan; (2) menganalisis faktor – faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap partisipasi masyarakat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama periode Juni 2011–Mei 2012 dengan menggunakan kuesioner, pengamatan dan kajian pustaka. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah individu pemanfaat utama sumberdaya alam berbasis ekosistem terumbu karang secara langsung. Metode pengambilan contoh yang digunakan adalah acak berproporsi sehingga terpilih 202 responden. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan statistika deskriptifdan inferensia dengan model persamaan struktural (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan : (1) tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan APL–BM pada keseluruhan tahapan kegiatan adalah rendah dan (2) faktor – faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap tingkat partisipasi masyarakat adalah kemampuan organisasi dan motivasi masyarakat. Kedua faktor tersebut dipengaruhi oleh indikator pendekatan komunikasi, kesesuaian konsepsi program dan intensitas peran penyuluhan. Title: Community’s Participation in Managing Community Based – Marine Protected Area in Kepulauan Seribu District, DKI JakartaIn the last two decades, the coral reef ecosystem in Kepulauan Seribu has shown a significant degradation. Considered this, in 2004 the government of Kepulauan Seribu District initiated collaborative program in five villages and the program called as community based–marine protected area. The researchobjectives were: (1) to analyze community’s participation level in managing marine protected area in Kepulauan Seribu District and (2) to analyze the determinant factors that influence the community’s participation. The data were collected from June 2011 – May 2012 by using questionnare, observation and reviewing existing documents. Units of analizing were 202 respondents of primary stakeholders that utilize fisheries–marine resources directly. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics based on structural equation modelling (SEM). The conclusions of the study are: (1) the levelof community’s participation in managing marine protected is low and (2) this condition is influenced by community organisation’s ability and community’s motivation. Community organisation’s ability and motivation are in low level. The factors which influence community organisation’s’ ability and community’s motivation are communication approaches, the compatibility of program conception and intensity of extention agents roles.
PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI TERBARUKAN PADA PULAU-PULAU KECIL
Authors: Mira Mira , Muhartono Rizky , Suryawati Siti Hajar
Published: June 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat optimasi potensi pengembangan energi terbarukan dengan melihat aspek  dari  sisi suplai (potensi energi) dan dari sisi demand (potensi konsumen). Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis multikriteria dengan membuat prioritasi melalui bobot dan scoring. Hasil analisis skala prioritas wilayah pengembangan energi terbarukan mengindikasikan dari 5 wilayah yang disurvei, wilayah yang menjadi prioritas pengembangan energi gelombang dan arus laut dari prioritas tertinggi sampai terendah dengan skala prioritas masing-masing (0.76, 0.67, 0.65, 0.61, 0.51) adalah Raja Ampat , Larantuka, Bawean, Nusa Penida, dan Kabupaten Bangka. Sedangkan wilayah yang menjadi kurang prioritas dalam pengembangan energi terbarukan adalah Kabupaten Bangka, di Kecamatan Belinyu. Hal ini disebabkan dari sisi potensi arus tidak masuk dalam Arus Laut Indonesia (Arlindo) yang berpotensi untuk pengembangan energi arus.  Guna mengoptimalkan potensi energi terbarukan seperti gelombang dan arus laut maka  pengembangan energi terbarukan (arus dan gelombang laut) diharapkan secara teknis mudah dilaksanakan oleh masyarakat (kalau bisa teknologi yang digunakan harus disederhanakan), hal ini berkaitan dengan perawatan pasca pengembangan energi terbarukan terutama di pulau-pulau kecil.Title: Development Renewable Energi for Small Islands : Supply and Demand SideThe purpose of this study is to analyze the optimization potential renewable energi with a view aspects of the supply side (potential energi) and the demand side (potential consumers). Data analysis method used was multi-criteria analysis to make prioritization through weighting and scoring. The results of the analysis of priorities indicated from five regions surveyed, priority areas the development of energi waves and ocean currents from highest priority to lowest priority scale respectively (0.76, 0.67, 0.65, 0.61, 0.51) is Raja Ampat, Larantuka, Bawean Nusa Penida, and Bangka. Instead region becomes less priority in the development of renewable energi is Bangka, in the District Belinyu, because Bangka not included in the Indonesian Seas Flow (Arlindo). Development of renewable energi is expected to be technically easy to implement by the community (if it can be simplified technology used), it relates to the post-treatment of renewable energi development, especially in small islands.
Prospek Pengembangan KIMBis (Klinik Iptek Mina Bisnis) Pamisaya Mina Kabupaten Wonogiri
Authors: Muhartono Rizky , Koeshendrajana Sonny , Sastrawidjaja Sastrawidjaja
Published: June 2017

Klinik IPTEK Mina Bisnis (KIMBis) adalah kelembagaan yang berfungsi bukan sebagai pesaing/menggantikan kelembagaan yang sudah ada, tetapi merupakan kelembagaan yang mempererat komunikasi dan membangun kebersamaan dalam rangka pemberdayaan masyarakat. Prinsip kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah dari-oleh-untuk masyarakat. Tulisan ini bertujuan menggambarkan prospek pengembangan KIMBis di Kabupaten Wonogiri. Pengumpulan data di lapangan dilakukan pada 2012 dengan cara observasi lapang, wawancara dan studi dokumen. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa KIMBis di Kabupaten Wonogiri memiliki prospek pengembangan yang baik. Hal ini ditandai dari respon positif PEMDA berupa kesepakatan MoU/KB, PKS serta dana pendampingan kegiatan KIMBis pada tahun berjalan (2012). Saran dalam pengembangan KIMBis Wonogiri adalah tetap melakukan sinergi kegiatan, menjaga komunikasi dan koordinasi antar satker yang melakukan kegiatan di Waduk Gajah Mungkur. Hal ini penting dilakukan agar kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat akan optimal dilakukan, sehingga tidak terjadi pengakuan sepihak jika terjadi keberhasilan kegiatan ataupun saling menyalahkan jika terjadi kegagalan kegiatan.
Difusi Peningkatan Kapasitas Kelembagaan Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Perikanan (Studi Kasus di Waduk Malahayu, Brebes Jawa Tengah)
Authors: Istiana Istiana , Nasution Zahri
Published: June 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali informasi tentang difusi peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan masyarakat berbasis pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan. Peningkatan kapasitas tersebut merupakan inovasi dalam pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan. Inovasi yang dimaksud pada penelitian ini adalah peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan pengelolaan sumberdaya perikanan. Penelitian kualitatif ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli 2012 pada nelayan di Waduk Malahayu, Brebes Jawa Tengah dengan mengangkat kasus inovasi peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan lokal. Lokasi dan sasaran penelitian ditentukan dengan sengaja, mengikuti lokasi penerapan program BalitbangKP. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inovasi yang dikenalkan pada masyarakat nelayan merupakan inovasi baru dengan memanfaatkan kelembagaan lokal. Belum ada anggota masyarakat lainnya yang menggunakan inovasi yang dikenalkan. Respon masyarakat (97,22%) terhadap inovasi karena sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan masyarakat nelayan. Penetapan lokasi atau lokasi penerapan inovasi sejalan dengan kebijakan dan Program Pemerintah Daerah yaitu pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat. Inovator dalam difusi inovasi adalah tim Balitbang KP. Sebanyak 92,86% responden menyatakan bahwa mereka merespon inovasi tersebut karena mudah dipraktekkan.
Studi Komparasi Dan Dampak Hasil Keputusan Gugatan Perdata Pencemaran Lingkungan Budidaya Ikan Laut Di Pulau Bintan
Authors: Novriadi Romi
Published: June 2017

Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam mendukung produksi budidaya ikan laut adalah pengendalian hama, penyakit ikan, dan kesehatan lingkungan. Saat ini, penurunan kualitas lingkungan budidaya ikan laut kerap terjadi disebabkan oleh: kegiatan budidaya itu sendiri, berbagai kegiatan industri, pertambangan serta aktivitas rumah tangga. Pada kajian ini, objek penelitian difokuskan kepada hasil keputusan Mahkamah Agung terhadap dua gugatan class action masyarakat akibat penambangan Bauksit yang tidak bertanggung jawab di Pulau Bintan. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor pendukung keberhasilan gugatan perdata class action akibat aktifitas pertambangan. Analisis data dilakukan secara induktif, yang diperoleh dari pengamatan langsung dan pencermatan dokumen dengan membandingkan hasil keputusan dua gugatan class action yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat pembudidaya ikan di Pulau Bintan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan faktor analisa parameter air laut pada laboratorium yang sudah terakreditasi dan kelengkapan administrasi usaha budidaya memiliki pengaruh yang sangat signifikan terhadap keberhasilan gugatan perdata class action. Hasil kajian juga menunjukkan dampak penurunan produksi dan peningkatan angka pengangguran akibat menurunnya aktivitas produksi di dua lokasi yang terkena dampak pencemaran limbah. Namun, kondisi ini memberikan pengalaman positif di kalangan pembudidaya tentang tahapan audit lingkungan yang harus dilakukan berdasarkan standard dan acuan mutu yang memiliki kekuatan hukum di pengadilan.
Permasalahan Yang Dihadapi Masyarakat Dan Peran KIMBis Dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Kota Tegal
Authors: Hikmayani Yayan
Published: June 2017

Klinik IPTEK Mina Bisnis (KIMBis) adalah wadah komunikasi, advokasi/pendampingan, serta konsultasi antara kelompok masyarakat nelayan (perikanan) yang beraktivitas di daerah (pesisir) dengan stakeholder terkait, melalui pendekatan technopreneurship untuk meningkatkan kapasitas ekonomi masyarakat nelayan (perikanan). KIMBis Kota Tegal telah berdiri sejak tahun 2012. Metode yang digunakan dalam riset aksi, diawali dengan melakukan studi dasar, kemudian merumuskan perlakuan yang langsung diikuti dengan tindakan nyata dan setelah dievaluasi dan dikaji ulang dikembangkan perlakuan-perlakuan baru. Kegiatan yang dilakukan bersifat kesinambungan dan evaluasi secara terus menerus. Analisa dilakukan secara evaluatif terhadap berbagai tujuan terkait dengan aspek pengembangan ekonomi masyarakat di lokasi KIMBis. Dari hasil kegiatan yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa KIMBis telah berperan dalam mengembangkan ekonomi masyarakat kelautan dan perikanan khususnya untuk kelompok binaan KIMBis.
Does the Flipped Classroom improve exam performance in medical education? A systematic review
Authors: Hughes Yasmin , Lyons Nicholas
Published: June 2017

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background: The 'flipped classroom' (FC) is a blended learning model in which educational material is delivered on-line prior to class, students then apply this knowledge through discussion and problem solving activities in class. Its effectiveness in medical education is debated. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the outcomes of studies which have compared the exam performance of traditional didactic teaching (DT) to the FC in medical education. Methods: A broad based literature search was performed in accordance with PRISMA protocol. MESH terms were 'flipped classroom', 'flipped teaching', 'blended learning' and 'medical education'. The outcomes of interest were test score results following FC compared to DT methods. Results: Eleven studies with a total of 2052 study participants were included in the review. Four studies demonstrated a significant improvement in test scores using FC compared to DT; four showed no significant difference and three demonstrated mixed results. Discussion and Conclusions: The results of this review are equivocal. Study heterogeneity in design, participants and subject covered may account for some of this disparity. Two studies provide evidence that the FC results in improved performance on higher cognitive tasks however further robust, in depth studies are required to demonstrate this conclusively.
In Reply
Authors: Verma Sunil
Published: June 2017

This letter describes preliminary results of a follow-up study that was performed to assess the safety profile of palbociclib in premenopausal women with metastatic breast cancer.
Acridine Orange Staining v1
Authors: Steven Wilhelm Dr.
Published: June 2017

Please contact Dr. Steven Wilhelm (wilhelm@utk.edu) for additional information regarding this protocol. Modified from the Handbook of Methods in Aquatic Microbial Ecology (p. 220)
Cyanobacteria Total Lipid Extraction v1
Authors: Steven Wilhelm Dr. , Maddie Denney not provided
Published: June 2017

Please contact Dr. Steven Wilhelm (wilhelm@utk.edu) or Maddie Denney (mdenney5@vols.utk.edu) for additional information regarding this protocol. Modified from Guan, Riezman, Wenk & Riezman, 2010 Please note that there are two versions of this protocol. Use the one that corresponds to your sample.
SUSTAINABLE VALUE CREATION IN LATVIA, LITHUANIA AND ESTONIA: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC RETURN FROM THE USE OF ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES
Authors: Lonska Jeļena
Published: June 2017

Baltic neighbouring countries Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia all over the world are considered as brotherly nations that have similar historical events and political economic system. However, for the period of 25 years after gaining their independence from the Soviet Union in 1990, these countries have been implementing different socio-economic development models. It can be concluded on the achieved development results by the world recognized and widely used index indicators as Human Development Index (HDI), Global Competitiveness Index (GCI), Doing Business Index (DBI), revealing a trend that Estonia according to the socio-economic indicators is a step ahead of both Latvia and Lithuania. However, the above-mentioned indices calculation does not include the environmental indicators (HDI report includes Environmental Sustainability subindex, which is calculated separately) that cannot take account of national sustainable development which is becoming increasingly important under the conditions of global resource scarcity. The aim of the research is to determine sustainability of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, using the Sustainable Value (SV) approach, calculating how efficiently and with what return (Country's Gross Domestic Product) their economic, social and environmental resources are consumed. SV is a value-based assessment that measures contributions to sustainability in monetary terms while being able to use non-monetary environmental and social input variables. Calculating SV of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, the author has used 10 indicators of 2014 that cover the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainability, using the average efficiency of these countries as benchmark. As a result the author concluded that, overall, Latvia and Lithuania have almost equal footing with the Return to Cost Ratio (RCR) results, respectively 1.41 and 1.32 (>1 means that resources are used more efficiently than the benchmark), while Estonia's RCR value is 0.52 (
THE NATURAL DYNAMICS OF THE DIVERSITY OF SMALL MAMMAL’S COMMUNITIES IN PRIMARY FORESTS IN THE CENTRAL OF THE CASPIAN-BALTIC WATERSHED
Authors: Istomin Anatoly , Mikhalap Sergey
Published: June 2017

Diversity is one of the main characteristics of the system, which reflects its complexity and structure. Diversity of biotic communities is always being actively discussed in the consideration of their organization, functioning, and sustainability. However, many questions still remain debatable. The report deals with the results of long-term (1980-2015) studies of the diversity of micromammalia communities in the primary ecosystems of southern Taiga of the Central Forest State Natural Biosphere Reserve (Russia), which is located in the centre of the Caspian-Baltic watershed. The diversity change of small mammals’ communities was connected with climatic trends, extreme and catastrophic climatic phenomena. The authors offer methods of research and evaluation of α - and β-diversity of communities in conditions of the continuum of the environment of primary forests with the use of the gradient approach and GIS analysis.
MODELLING OF URBAN TRAFFIC FLOW
Authors: Guseynov Sharif E. , Berezhnoy Alexander V.
Published: June 2017

In this paper non-deterministic motion of urban traffic is studied under certain assumptions. Based on those assumptions discrete and continuous mathematical models are developed: continuous model is written as the Cauchy initial-value problem for the integro-differential equation, whence among other things it is obtained the Fokker-Planck equation. Besides, the sufficient condition ensuring the mathematical legitimacy of the developed continuous model is formulated.
COMPETITIVENESS OF THE FISHERY SECTOR IN LATVIA
Authors: Biukšāne Inese
Published: June 2017

The aim of the research is to evaluate the competitiveness of Fishery Sector in Latvia. Based on the author developed Model of the Factors influencing Competitiveness of the Fisheries Sector Cluster and methodology of the Index of Fishery Sector Competitiveness the authors determined the competitiveness level of Fishery Sector in Latvia and identified spheres influencing competitiveness: facilitating and promising spheres as well as procrastinatory and stagnating spheres, moreover the possibilities of further development were established. The author has developed the evaluation methodology of the Fishery Sector Competitiveness that can be used in any country in the Fishery Sector for the evaluation of competitiveness. The elaborated methodology for evaluation of competitiveness may assist the institutions involved in the Fisheries' policy formation to work more successfully and improve the common policy in the Fisheries sector.
DISPLACEMENT EFFECTS OF LATVIAN RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 2007-2013
Authors: Benga Elita , Hāzners Juris , Miķelsone Zaiga
Published: June 2017

Periodic evaluation of EU Member States Rural Development Programme (RDP) specific policy interventions is considered crucial in policy development. The main reasons for the evaluation of specific policy interventions are the assessment of a programme’s impact, the improvement of programme management and administration, identification of necessary improvements in the delivery of interventions and meeting the accountability. The core question to be answered in programme evaluation is whether the stated objectives are accomplished by particular intervention (support or „treatment” provided to programme participants). The main problem in the process of evaluation is the assessment of the counterfactual outcome by modelling the situation where treatment is absent. The counterfactual outcome has to be estimated by statistical methods as it is usually not observed. General equilibrium effects occur when a programme affects units other than its participants. The most important possible impacts are the substitution effect and the displacement effect. Displacement effects are unplanned and indirect. They usually play a more important role in the evaluation at the programme level than in the evaluation of RDP individual measures. Displacement effect is the programme effect that occurs in a programme area at expense of another area. It takes place if farms located in one geographical area, which is not a subject to RD support, becomes adversely affected by a support provided to farms located in another geographically area. The existing study provides an assessment of the displacement effects on the employment in unsupported units at the programme level after the net effects on the employment calculated at the measure level are aggregated over the entire programme.
EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF E-LEARNING MATERIAL
Authors: Kazaine Ilze
Published: June 2017

An increasing number of educational institutions in the study process uses one of the e-learning systems. Consequently, more and more students are offered learning materials in electronic format. E-materials in distance learning and e-learning is one of the most important elements, therefore much attention and enough time should be paid for their development. There are a number of studies on e-learning quality, where criteria of quality are discussed in the context of chosen e-learning environment and the process of implementation. This article examines only the quality of e-material. The aim was to find a way to reduce the effort and time of electronic learning material quality evaluation. The study used content analysis by summarizing the most important factors influencing the quality for teaching materials. Based on the quality criteria mentioned in the literature and personal experience, a criterion, which affects quality of e-learning material, were summarized and grouped. The criteria were grouped into four groups resulting from didactic, media, usability and formal quality. Quality evaluation is performed by using one of the methods used in software engineering - checklist. Based on the identified quality criteria a checklist was established. In order to facilitate the evaluation process a web-based tool is offered. The tool includes a defined checklist with assessment rating scale and three levels of impact. Evaluation of material quality is shown in the terms of percentage. After testing the tool, it could be used for course developers, program managers or other persons involved in evaluation process of e-learning resources.
LATVIAN SIGN LANGUAGE RECOGNITION CLASSIFICATION POSSIBILITIES
Authors: Zorins Aleksejs , Grabusts Peter
Published: June 2017

There is a lack of automated sign language recognition system in Latvia while many other countries have been already equipped with such a system. Latvian deaf society requires support of such a system which would allow people with special needs to enhance their communication in governmental and public places. The aim of this paper is to recognize Latvian sign language alphabet using classification approach with artificial neural networks, which is a first step in developing integral system of Latvian Sign Language recognition. Communication in our daily life is generally vocal, but body language has its own significance. It has many areas of application like sign languages are used for various purposes and in case of people who are deaf and dumb, sign language plays an important role. Gestures are the very first form of communication. The paper presents Sign Language Recognition possibilities with centre of gravity method. So this area influenced us very much to carry on the further work related to hand gesture classification and sign’s clustering.
OPTIMIZATION OF MECHANICAL STRENGTH OF ROTARY-VANE ENGINE
Authors: Zhuravlev Yury , Perminov Andrey , Lukyanov Yury , Tikhonov Sergey , Ilyin Alexander , Semyonov Sergey
Published: June 2017

The article discusses a rotory-vane heat engine with a lever-cam mechanism motion conversion (an engine may be an internal combustion or external combustion). The output shaft of the engine adds drive torque from the working fluid pressure forces acting on the blade and the inertial moment of the forces of inertia of engine components. The mechanical strength of the motor is dependent on the magnitude and phase of these two torque. The purpose of the article is to determine the conditions under which mechanical strength is minimized.
NEW ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY DUST SUPPRESSANT BASED ON LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS FROM WOOD PROCESSING WASTEWATER
Authors: Vitolina Sanita , Shulga Galia , Neiberte Brigita , Reihmane Skaidrite , Zhilinska Elina
Published: June 2017

In this work, the possibility of usage of lignocellulosic biomass derived from wood processing wastewater as an environmentally friendly dust suppressant was studied. To increase the efficiency of the recovery of lignocellulosic biomass, a new developed composite coagulant, representing a polymer-colloid complex of polyethyleneimine with polyvalent metal ions, was applied. The effectiveness of the composite coagulant was examined using a model solution simulating the wastewater of hydrothermal treatment of birch wood. The optimum content of PEI in the composite coagulant was found to be 25-35%. At the optimal composite coagulant dosage and pH value, the yield of the total wood biomass achieved 97%, but the extraction of lignin and lignin-like substances was more than 65%. Due to the polymeric and polyfunctional nature, the recovered wood biomass had glue properties. Taking into account the fact that the dust at the surface of unpaved roads poses considerable environmental problems, the biomass was tested as a structuring agent for sandy and model sandy-clay soils. The obtained results have shown that the separated lignocellulosic biomass was capable of forming large sandy aggregates that were able to decrease the dusty soil blowing off from the unpaved road surface.
Transmission mechanisms in Japan’s quantitative easing policy (2001–2006)
Authors: Ijiri Hiroyuki
Published: June 2017

This study investigates exchange rates and bank lending as the transmission channels for Japan’s Quantitative Easing Policy (QEP) during 2001–2006. Using a Time Varying Parameter-VAR model and monthly data to analyze the dynamism of the QEP, this study is the first to show that the exchange rate channel was the eﬀective QEP transmission channel after around 2005, while the bank lending channel was inactive.
Las Reliquias de la Catedral de Oviedo: panorama general desde una perspectiva crítica The relics of the cathedal of Oviedo. Overview from a critical perspective
Authors: Fernández Conde Francisco Javier , Alonso Álvarez Raquel
Published: June 2017

Las Reliquias de la Catedral de Oviedo: panorama general desde una perspectiva críticaThe relics of the cathedal of Oviedo. Overview from a critical perspective
Social affective variations in Brazilian Portuguese: a perceptual and acoustic analysis
Authors: Rilliard Albert , Moraes João Antônio
Published: June 2017

Resumo: Este trabalho descreve e analisa um corpus de 17 atitudes prosódicas produzido por 21 falantes do português do Brasil (PB). A interpretação dada a essas atitudes baseia-se em um experimento de escolha livre (free-labelling) do qual participaram 22 ouvintes brasileiros. O agrupamento das diferentes expressões obtidas no experimento é relacionado aos parâmetros acústicos da prosódia (F0 , intensidade, duração), e sua interpretação é feita com base na literatura sobre a manifestação da expressividade na fala e nas teorias do uso simbólico da voz em interações (código da frequência, de Ohala, e código do esforço, de Gussenhoven). Os resultados mostram que as principais dimensões de sentido identificadas pelos ouvintes podem ser reagrupadas em três grandes categorias: valência positiva, expressões assertivas e expressões dubitativas, dimensões que se correlacionam com as medidas acústicas.Palavras-chave: prosódia; free-labelling; dimensões de sentido; medidas acústicas.Abstract: This work presents a description and an analysis of an attitudinal corpus recorded in Brazilian Portuguese by 21 speakers. The interpretation of their performances across 17 situations, by L1 speakers of Brazilian Portuguese, is studied thanks to a free-labelling experiment. The grouping of expressions is then related to acoustic parameters of prosody. The interpretation of these descriptions is done in the light of literature on expression of affect in voice, and theories of symbolic use of voice in spoken interactions (Ohala’s Frequency Code, and Gussenhoven’s Effort Code). Results show that the main dimensions of meaning retrieved by the listeners may be summarized as: positive valence, assertive and dubitative expressions. These dimensions do correlate with the acoustical measures.Keywords: prosody; free-labelling; dimensions of meaning; acoustic measures.
Prosódia de enunciados declarativos e interrogativos totais nas variedades de Salvador, Fortaleza e Rio de Janeiro / Prosody of declarative and interrogative modalities in Salvador, Fortaleza, and Rio de Janeiro varieties
Authors: Couto Leticia Rebollo Couto , Silva Carolina Gomes da , Miranda Luma da Silva
Published: June 2017

Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever diferenças entre variedades dialetais do português falado em Salvador, Fortaleza e Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, tanto nas sentenças declarativas quanto nas interrogativas. A análise de parâmetros prosódicos (frequência fundamental, duração, intensidade) é feita no núcleo final de sentenças oxítonas, paroxítonas e proparoxítonas. Há diferenças prosódicas sistemáticas entre as duas modalidades (declarativa e interrogativa): um tom alto ou subida de F0 no núcleo das interrogativas e, ao contrário, um tom baixo ou descida de F0 no núcleo das declarativas. Variações dialetais também são observadas. Os acentos tonais nucleares H + L*L% para as declarativas e L + H*L% para as interrogativas, propostos por Moraes (2008), são observados nos falantes do Rio de Janeiro – sendo este último truncado ou comprimido em sentenças oxítonas, devido à falta do material postônico. Entretanto, nas variedades de Salvador e Fortaleza, as interrogativas também podem ser realizadas com um padrão L + H*H%. Maior elisão de sílabas é observada nos falantes de Fortaleza. Palavras-chave: prosódia; entoação; sentenças declarativas; sentenças interrogativas totais; variação dialetal.Abstract: This work aims at describing differences between the dialectal varieties of Portuguese spoken at Salvador, Fortaleza and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in both the declarative and interrogative modalities. Analyses of prosodic parameters (fundamental frequency, duration, intensity) are made on the final nucleus of oxytonic, paroxytonic and proparoxytonic sentences. There are systematic prosodic changes between modalities – with a higher / rising F0 in interrogative nucleus where it is lower / decreasing for declaratives. The interrogative nucleus are also longer and stronger than the declaratives. Dialectal variations are also observed. The accentual patterns H + L*L% for declaratives and L + H*L% for interrogatives proposed by Moraes (2008) are observed in Rio de Janeiro speakers – the latter being truncated or compressed in oxytonic sentences due to lack of post-tonic material. Meanwhile, in the Salvador and Fortaleza varieties, interrogatives may also be performed with a L + H*H% pattern. More syllable elisions are also observed in Fortaleza speakers.Keywords: prosody; intonation; declarative sentences; yes/no questions; dialectal variation.
Desambiguização de sentenças na interface fonologia-sintaxe: resultados perceptuais / Sentence disambiguation in the phonology-syntax interface: results from a comprehension study
Authors: Angelo Melanie Campilongo , Santos Raquel Santana
Published: June 2017

Resumo: Este artigo analisa a compreensão no português brasileiro da pista prosódica de duração de sílabas em sentenças ambíguas do tipo SN1- V-SN2-Atributo (e.g. ‘A mãe encontrou a filha suada’). Fonologicamente, tais leituras podem ser explicadas pelo fato de o atributo poder ou não se juntar a seu núcleo na construção do domínio da frase fonológica (NESPOR; VOGEL, 1986), e de que, se há fronteira de domínios, um alongamento é esperado (FOUGERON; KEATING, 1997). O estudo propõe que o alongamento é um fenômeno opcional no PB. Um experimento de picture matching é aplicado para versões de estruturas de aposição não local e local de nove sentenças. Os resultados apontaram para diferenças significativas conforme o tipo de estrutura sintática. As diferentes sentenças também se mostraram relevantes para a interpretação de que, ainda que o alongamento seja opcional na produção, uma vez realizado, ele serve como condutor para uma interpretação não local. Os resultados para uma interpretação local parecem decorrer da interação entre o Princípio de Late Closure (FRAZIER, 1979) com a estrutura prosódica da sentença. Por fim, a análise evidencia que estruturas do tipo small clause interferem no processo de alongamento e, assim, este artigo defendeue isso ocorre porque a reestruturação prosódica é bloqueada neste tipo de estrutura sintática.Palavras-chave: aposição local; aposição não local; fronteira prosódica; alongamento; small clauses.Abstract: This article discusses the comprehension of syllable duration in Brazilian Portuguese as a prosodic cue in ambiguous sentences with a NP1-V-NP2-attribute structure (e.g. ‘The mother has found her daughter sweating’). Phonologically, interpretations of the above-mentioned structure can be explained by the fact that attributes may or may not join the head in the construction of the phonological phrase domain (NESPOR; VOGEL, 1986), and because lengthening is expected when there is a boundary (FOUGERON; KEATING, 1997). We suggest that lengthening exists in BP as an optional phenomenon. We ran a picture matching experiment, with versions of structures with high and low attachment of 9 sentences. Overall results showed significant differences for type of syntactic structure. The different sentences also played a role in the results, indicating that although lengthening is optional in production, once it has been performed, it leads to a high attachment reading. The Low Attachment Principle (FRAZIER, 1979) seems to play a role in the results for sentences with low attachment. Finally, the findings signal also that sentences which allow small clause constructions may interfere with the lengthening process; and we argue that this happens because restructuring is blocked in this kind of structure.Keywords: low attachment; high attachment; prosodic boundary; lengthening; small clauses.
Representation and Processing of the Inflected Infinitive in Brazilian Portuguese: an eye-tracking study
Authors: Modesto Marcello , Maia Marcus
Published: June 2017

Abstract: In this paper, we examine the syntactic representation and processing characteristics of null subjects of inflected nonfinite clauses in Brazilian Portuguese (BP). After reviewing some literature on generativesyntax Control and discussing the peculiarities of BP diachrony, we present an eye-tracking experiment which proves that a control interpretation of null subjects of inflected nonfinite clauses is not only psychologically real in BP, but it is actually the preferred option in a task in which a strict comparison with arbitrary PRO is entertained. We then discuss the implications of the experiment to syntactic theory and the analysis of Control and speculate on the role of third factor explanations in the architecture of human language.Keywords: generative syntax; sentence processing; nonfinite control; inflected infinitives; Brazilian Portuguese; eye-tracking.Resumo:Este estudo examina a representação sintática e as características de processamento de sujeitos nulos de orações infinitivas flexionadas em português brasileiro (PB). Após revisão de parte da literatura atual sobre a Teoria do Controle e discussão das peculiaridades da diacronia do PB, o artigo apresenta um experimento envolvendo rastreamento ocular que comprova que a interpretação controlada do sujeito da infinitiva flexionada é não apenas real psicologicamente, mas também a opção preferida numa tarefa em que se compara a leitura controlada à leitura arbitrária. Discute-se, então, as implicações desse experimento com relação à teoria sintática e à Análise do Controle e especula-se sobre o papel de explicações com base no conceito de terceiro fator na arquitetura da linguagem humana.Palavras-chave: sintaxe gerativa; processamento de frases; controle não finito; infinitivos flexionados; português brasileiro; rastreamento ocular.
A behavioral study to investigate the processing routes of grammatical gender in Brazilian Portuguese
Authors: Resende Natália Carolina Alencar , Mota Mailce Borges
Published: June 2017

Abstract: In this paper, we present a behavioral study aimed at investigating whether inanimate grammatical gender transparent nouns (feminine nouns ending in -a and masculine nouns ending in -o) and inanimate grammatical gender opaque nouns (other endings) in Brazilian Portuguese are processed by the same or by distinct cognitive mechanisms. To this purpose, 19 subjects participated in a grammatical gender agreement task in two conditions: between a determiner (definite article) and a noun (condition 1), and a noun and an adjective (condition 2). Factors such as frequency of the nouns and adjectives (high vs. low) as well as their phonological form (gender transparent vs. gender opaque) were manipulated. Results show that, in both conditions, frequency is a strong predictor of faster reaction times, suggesting that gender transparent and gender opaque forms can be stored in memory. This pattern holds for both conditions. We interpret this finding as evidence for the single-mechanism view of language processing.Keywords: grammatical gender; Brazilian Portuguese.Resumo: Este artigo apresenta um estudo comportamental que teve como objetivo investigar se substantivos inanimados do português do Brasil, transparentes quanto ao seu gênero gramatical (substantivos femininos terminados em -a e masculinos terminados em -o) e opacos (outras terminações) são ou não processados por mecanismos cognitivos distintos. Para tanto, uma tarefa de concordância de gênero foi executada por 19 sujeitos em duas condições: entre um artigo definido e um substantivo (condição 1) e entre um substantivo e um adjetivo (condição 2). Fatores como a frequência dos substantivos e adjetivos (alta vs. baixa) e forma fonológica (transparente vs. opaca) foram manipulados. Os resultados mostram que, em ambas as condições, a frequência é um forte preditor de respostas mais rápidas, sugerindo que tanto formas transparentes quanto formas opacas podem ser armazenadas na memória. Este padrão foi encontrado em ambas as condições. Estes resultados foram interpretados como evidência para a visão unitária de processamento da linguagem.Palavras-chave: gênero gramatical; português do Brasil.
Cervantes’s interpolated novels in “The comical history of Don Quixote”
Authors: Serrano González Raquel
Published: June 2017

Immensely popular in seventeenth-century Britain, the interpolated episodes of Marcela and Cardenio were featured in the performance of the first British stage adaptation of Cervantes’s masterpiece: Thomas D’Urfey’s The Comical History of Don Quixote. This article provides a comparative analysis of the aforementioned stories in both works. An analysis of Cervantes’s novel reveals that the protagonists of these tales enact a counter-hegemonic identity that subverts the dominant notions of gender and class. Hence, D’Urfey’s play is approached with a view to determining whether the subversive potential of the original is preserved. It can be argued that, as opposed to his literary predecessor, D’Urfey exploits these episodes to reinforce and naturalise the hegemonic ideology and the resulting social order.
Demographic and socio-cultural aspects of burns patients admitted in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Nair C. K. Velayuthan , Gopinath Vinu , Ashok Vishnu G.
Published: June 2017

Background: Burn injury is a serious pathology, potentially leading to severe morbidity and significant mortality, but it also has a considerable health-economic impact. Burn injuries rank among the most severe types of injuries suffered by the human body with an attendant high mortality and morbidity rate. The objective of this study was to identify the demographic and socio-cultural aspects of burn patients attending a tertiary care centre.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the burns unit of a tertiary care centre. All burns cases admitted to the burns unit for the period of one year were included.Results: Out of the 150 burns patient’s majority were females belonging to the age group 21 to 30 years. 80% of the burn injuries occurred at home. Cooking was the main factor for burns in domestic set up. Flames represented the common agent of burn injuries.Conclusions: The current study gives important information about sociocultural factors involved in burn injuries which in turn will help in identifying the high-risk population for preventing future burn injuries.
Identification and verification of a pathogenic MLH1 mutation c.1145dupA in a Lynch syndrome family
Authors: Feifei Huang , Xiang Tao , Wei Jiang , Jun Chen , Weiwei Feng
Published: June 2017

Lynch syndrome (LS), an autosomal-dominant disorder with an increased risk of predominantly colorectal and endometrial cancers, is caused by germ-line mutations in mismatch repair genes. The identification of germ-line mutations that predispose to cancer is important to further our understanding of tumorigenesis, guide patient management and inform the best practice for healthcare. A 45-year-old woman with atypical endometrial hyperplasia who suffered colon cancer at the age of 30 years underwent hysterectomy and genetic counseling. Pedigree analysis revealed her family fulfilling the Amsterdam I criteria. Next-generation sequencing was offered to the patient. A mutation in the MLH1 gene, c.1145dupA, was identified and verified by Sanger sequencing. In addition, her nine family members were tested for the mutation. Two were affected (colon cancer at the age of 43 years and 45 years) and one healthy relative carried the same mutation in the MLH1 gene. The mutation resulted in a frame-shift (p.Met383Aspfs*12) located in exon12, as well as a polypeptide truncation of 393 amino acids by the formation of a premature stop codon. An immunohistochemistry analysis of endometrial hyperplasia tissues revealed defects in MLH1 and PMS2 protein expression in the patient. Based on the 2015 American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guideline, we report this MLH1 c.1145dupA variation to be a pathogenic mutation that contributes to a strongly increased cancer risk in this LS family. Proper screening suggestions were offered to the three affected patients and the healthy carrier. To the best of our knowledge, this germ-line mutation of MLH1 was previously submitted to the Leiden Open Variation Database (LOVD) database, but no comprehensive evidence or supporting observations were reported previously in the literature. The present report found a single nucleotide insertion in exon12 of the MLH1 gene, which can be considered causative of Lynch phenotype. Moreover, identification of individuals at risk for hereditary syndromes is important, as they can benefit from genetic counseling and increased surveillance.
A Robust Method for Estimating B0 Inhomogeneity Field in the Liver by Mitigating Fat Signals and Phase-Wrapping
Authors: Matakos Antonis , Balter James M. , Cao Yue
Published: June 2017

We developed an optimized and robust method to estimate liver B0 field inhomogeneity for monitoring and correcting susceptibility-induced geometric distortion in magnetic resonance images for precision therapy. A triple-gradient-echo acquisition was optimized for the whole liver B0 field estimation within a single-exhale breath-hold scan on a 3 T scanner. To eliminate chemical-shift artifacts, fat signals were chosen in-phase between 2 echoes with an echo time difference (ΔTE) of 2.3 milliseconds. To avoid phase-wrapping, other 2 echoes provided a large field dynamic range (1/ΔTE) to cover the B0 field inhomogeneity. In addition, using high parallel imaging factor of 4 and a readout-bandwidth of 1955 Hz/pixel, an ∼18-second acquisition time for breath-held scans was achieved. A 2-step, 1-dimensional regularized method for the ΔB0 field map estimation was developed, tested and validated in phantom and patient studies. Our method was validated on a water phantom with fat components and air pockets; it yielded ΔB0-field maps that had no chemical-shift and phase-wrapping artifacts, and it had a <0.5 mm of geometric distortion near the air pockets. The ΔB0-field maps of the patients' abdominal regions were also free from phase-wrapping and chemical-shift artifacts. The maximum field inhomogeneity was found near the lung–liver interface, up to ∼300 Hz, resulting in ∼2 mm of distortions in anatomical images with a readout-bandwidth of 440 Hz/pixel. The field mapping method in the abdominal region is robust; it can be easily integrated in clinical workflow for patient-based quality control of magnetic resonance imaging geometric integrity.