bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Breeding Birds in a Florida Suburb
Authors: Woolfenden Glen E. , Rohwer Sievert A.
Published: February 2024

A study of bird populations in the residential suburbs of St. Petersburg and Gulfport, Pinellas County, Florida based on observations made in three study plots totaling 100.5 acres during portions of two years, 1968 and 1964. The dominant vegetation is described in detail. Part I includes our estimates of the total number of breeding pairs for each plot, which varied from 200 pairs per 100 acres in new residential suburbs to 500 and 600 pairs per 100 acres in mature suburbs. Of the 11 species that breed in the three plots, four, the House Sparrow, Mourning Dove, Blue Jay, and Mockingbird, were the most abundant and accounted for more than 90 per cent of the total. House Sparrows alone comprised about 50 per cent of all breeding birds. Only four species not found in the quadrats, two of which are introduced, breed in similar habitats in the county. When natural areas are replaced by suburbs a marked change in avian species composition occurs, and, with the eventual maturing of the suburbs, breeding populations increase in pairs per hundred acres from an estimated maximum of 200 pairs to 500 or 600 pairs. Part I also discusses the birds breeding in peripheral habitats, total breeding populations for the two cities, non-breeding birds, and predators. Part II deals with the breeding biology of several of the more common breeders, excluding the House Sparrow, based on almost 900 nest records. A discussion of currently existing methods for measuring nesting success is followed by an explanation of a new method which may prove useful in certain other studies. By this method a calculated number of hypothetical unfound failures are added to the sample of known nests to compensate for nests found after incubation or egg laying has begun. Using our method we found that nest success was approximately 40 per cent for Mourning Doves breeding in pine-dominated suburbs and 20 per cent for those breeding in oak-dominated suburbs. Based on the same method nest success for Mockingbirds was about 52 per cent in the two habitats combined. A method of expressing nest-site preference based on the relative abundance of plants and the distribution of nests is proposed also. Additional information on phenology of nesting, clutch size, and nest location is given in the species accounts. Information is especially extensive for the Mourning Dove where 625 nestings were analyzed.
Birds and Mammals from the Pleistocene of Williston, Florida
Authors: Holman J. Alan
Published: February 2024

A Pleistocene vertebrate locality at Williston, Levy County, Florida, contained the remains of 6 species of birds and 20 of mammals. The bones were in Arredondo clay, of Illinoian age, in a solution pipe in the Eocene Ocala limestone. Two birds are extinct, a large quail (Colinus suilium), and a large jay (Henocitta brodkorbi) which is described as new. Six mammals are extinct: a mustelid of uncertain identity, a pine vole (Pitymys hibbardi) which is described as new, an armadillo (Dasypus bellus), a tapir (Tapirus veroensis), a peccary (Mylohyus sp.), and a horse (Equus sp.). Rabbits of the genus Sylvilagus are represented by 561 fossil elements; in many cases the two species, S. palustris and S. floridanus, can be distinguished on cranial and post-cranial bones. The Pleistocene habitat of the Williston area was probably marshy pineland grading into well drained pineland with open sinks, surrounded by mesophytic vegetation. Six species, 23 percent of the fossil fauna, are larger than their Recent Florida representatives. Five of these six species have larger modern forms to the north. Applying Bergmann's rule, this supports the thesis that Florida had a somewhat cooler climate in the Illinoian glacial stage. The Williston fauna differs from other Pleistocene localities in Florida in its low percentage of extinct mammals. This is because a large number of the Williston mammals are small. If the percentage of extinction is calculated separately for large and small size classes, the Williston fauna resembles that of other Florida Pleistocene localities more closely.
The Origin and Seasonality of the Fish Fauna on a New Jetty in Northeastern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Hastings Robert W.
Published: February 2024

The establishment of the fish fauna on a new jetty at East Pass at the mouth of Choctawhatchee Bay, Okaloosa County, Florida, was studied from June, 1968, to January, 1971. Important components of the jetty fauna during its initial stages of development were: (a) original residents that exhibit some attraction to reef habitats, including some sand-beach inhabitants, several pelagic species, and a few ubiquitous estuarine species; and (b) reef fishes originating from permanent populations on offshore reefs. The jetties provided artificial reef-like habitat for these species and furnished shelter and food sources on a sandy beach where such habitats were normally absent. Continued recruitment of species to the jetties consisted of (a) occasional strays from other habitats in the area, and (b) stragglers from more tropical areas carried into the northern gulf by currents. Reef fishes of the northern Gulf of Mexico can be divided into three groups based upon their occurrence: (1) common species on the offshore reefs in the northern gulf that frequently form summer populations in shallow coastal reef habitats; (2) species also common on the offshore reefs but apparently restricted to depths greater than about 18 m and consequently not colonizing artificial reef habitats in shallow water; and (3) typical coral reef species occurring in the northern gulf as stragglers, being carried into the area by currents (by the Eastern Gulf Loop Current from the Caribbean Sea). The only obvious successional change was the continued yearly increase in the number of species on the jetties. Average counts of species numbers from July through October were 28 in 1968, 35 in 1969, and 39 in 1970. This annual increase prevailed even though most species were absent from December through March. Seasonal changes in the fish fauna at the jetties were pronounced. The major autumn decline in the number of species inshore occurred in November at about 20°C. Only 5 to 10 species were usually counted during winter. The annual increase in species numbers began during February or March at about 15 to 20°C. A total of 204 species was recorded at the East Pass and St. Andrew jetties (a similar but older habitat 80 km to the east). At least 150 species were common to both habitats. In spite of minor differences observed between the two areas, the fish fauna of the East Pass jetties has apparently reached its peak in diversity and is similar to that of the St. Andrew jetties.
The Pleistocene Avifauna of Arredondo, Florida
Authors: Brodkorb Pierce
Published: February 2024

An extensive fauna of Pleistocene vertebrates occurs at Arredondo, Florida. The bone bed lies in a fresh water clay which is here named the Arredondo clay member of the Wicomico formation. The geographic extent of this member includes 10 localities in 3 counties of northern Florida. The sediments were deposited below the present 100-foot contour under cooler climatic conditions during the Illinoian glacial stage. The environment included a fresh water marsh community with nearby scrub. The avifauna of 43 species includes forms still living, interglacial relicts, and glacial indicators. Five living species of birds are added to the fossil record, and six others to the Pleistocene fauna of Florida. Four species are described as new: Falco readei, Colinus suilium, Dorypaltus prosphatus (n. gen., Charadriidae), and Cremaster tytthus (n, gen., Icteridae). The name Podilymbus magnus Shufeldt is revived. Limicolavis pluvianella Shufelat, from the Oligocene of Oregon, is removed from the Charadriidae; it must be left in incertae sedis until the type is restudied.
The Life History and Ecology of Baetisca rogersi Berner (Ephemeroptera: Baetiscidae)
Authors: Pescador Manuel L. , Peters William L.
Published: February 2024

This report describes the life history and ecology of Baetisca rogersi Berner (Ephemeroptera: Baetiscidae) in northwestern Florida. It includes a description of external morphology, duration, and behavior of the different life history stages and also considers seasonal distribution, growth, and emergence. It discusses factors influencing ecology of the species, particularly those affecting growth, development, and seasonal distribution, and identifies associated arthropods.
Diversity and Community Structure of the Brush Creek Marine Interval (Conemaugh Group, Upper Pennsylvanian), in the Appalachian Basin of Western Pennsylvania
Authors: Shaak Graig D.
Published: February 2024

Nine Brush Creek localities in western Pennsylvania were trench sampled for the purpose of recovering the total fauna from each visible marine horizon. The 9 localities provided 61 samples that were disaggregated by the Amine 220 technique, washed, dried, and sieved into 305 individual samples. The recovered fossils are judged to have lived, died, and been preserved at each collecting site and are therefore members of fossil communities. This judgement is based on qualitative judgements of state of articulation, abrasion level, quality of preservation, and taxonomic associations. Animals from the sieve-sample splits were viewed microscopically to determine taxonomic composition and frequencies. Raw faunal assemblage data were adjusted to reduce the frequencies to whole numbers of individuals and, secondly, to a single generation. The purpose of making a generation correction is to reflect standing crop, which in turn provides a reasonable approximation of the once-living communities. The adjusted outcrop data were examined for faunal similarities among localities for the purpose of zoning the localities into workable groups. Two distinct faunal groups are recognized on the basis of relative water depths and distances from shore. Four shallow water and five deep water localities are inferred. The deep-water localities are characterized by low diversity molluscan faunas, whereas the shallow-water localities are characterized by high-diversity molluscan faunas. The adjusted data were further subjected to programmed diversity and equitability tests to decipher faunal succession and community structure. The diversity and equitability data were graphed for each locality and the resultant curves compared with ecological criteria such as animal habitat preferences and feeding types. These combined types of data aided in deciphering the sea-level history of the marine event at each locality. Transgressive, stillstand, and regressive phases are deciphered, along with their corresponding opportunistic, stable-mature, and relict-mature faunas. These data also show that the faunal distribution above and below the stillstand is asymmetrical.
The Hydrobiid Snail Genus Marstonia
Authors: Thompson Fred G.
Published: February 2024

The recent species of Marstonia are revised, based on material in most major museum collections and on new material recently collected in the southeastern states. A total of eight species are recognized, of which five are described as new: M. arga, M ogmorhapha, and M. pachyta from the Tennessee River system; M. castor from the Flint River system, Georgia; and M. halcyon from the Ogeechee River system, Georgia. Five names are placed in the synonymy of Marstonia lustrica (Pilsbry): Amnicola oneida Pilsbry, A. winkleyi Pilsbry, A. perlustrica Baker, M. decepta Baker, and M. gelida Baker. M. olivacea is considered a distinct species of uncertain status and is probably extinct. Marstonia is placed in the subfamily Nymphophilinae and is most closely related to Cincinnatia. Other North American genera in Nymphophilinae include Fonticella, Notogillia, Spilochlamys, Rhapinema, Nymphophila, and Birgella.
The Carpus of Land Tortoises (Testudininae)
Authors: Auffenberg Walter
Published: February 2024

This study of the manus of 30 species of living and fossil tortoises shows their structure to be considerably more variable than formerly presumed. The carpal pattern of each of the species studied is described and most are illustrated diagrammatically. Certain basic structural patterns reflect both the phyletic relationships of these species and the kinetics of the foot and stresses placed on it during locomotion. The carpal architecture of tortoises is easily derived from that of a generalized amphibian or a primitive reptilian arrangement. Some species of tortoises possess a distinct proximal centrale, here reported for the first time in any reptile. Other dissimilarities between the carpus of the tortoises and those of other reptiles are probably due to simple loss and/or fusion of elements, fusion being apparently much more common than loss in tortoises. The probable homologies of tortoise carpal elements are discussed. Trends in morphological and functional evolution of the carpus are: (1) subradial and subulnar lateral migration of elements, (2) fusion of proximal subradial and subulnar elements, and (3) fusion of distal carpal elements.
The Pine Woods Snake, Rhadinaea flavilata (Cope)
Authors: Myers Charles W.
Published: February 2024

Rhadinaea flavitata (Cope, 1871) is a small colubrid snake inhabiting a narrow coastal range in the southeastern United States. Its distribution closely approximates that of the low pine fiatwoods, which constitute its principal habitat. A few individuals have been found in other situations, especially in Florida hammocks and on coastal islands. The species is most commonly encountered in pine logs and stumps during March and April; with the approach of warmer weather and drier conditions in May and June, Rhadinaea and other small snakes become more difficult to find. R. flavilata feeds on small amphibians, lizards, and perhaps snakes; literature records referring to predation on insects are questioned. The pine woods snake kills or incapacitates some of its prey with a venom introduced into wounds made by enlarged rear maxillary teeth. Other snakes are likely its main predators and food competitors. R. flavilata lays two to four elongate eggs; the period of egg deposition is speculated to extend from May into August, although it probably is not so extensive in any given season; the natural nest is unknown. There is slight statistical evidence of unbalanced sex ratios in some populations. Structural variation was observed in many characters, and for discussion is classified as intrapopulational variation (including ontogenetic, sexual, and uncorrelated or "individuial" variation) and interpopulational (geographic) variation, the latter being compounded from the former. No geographic races are recognized in this species. Structurally the pine woods snake is a rather generalized Rhadinaea. Its closest living relative is R. laureata of the highlands of western Mexico. Fossils show that R. flavilata, or a genetic predecessor, had arrived in the southeastern United States at least by the third (Illinoian) glacial stage of the Pleistocene. The lack of marked geographic variation in this species can be explained by the relatively recent (postglacial) dispersal of a homogeneous Floridian stock throughout a relatively uniform pine-flatwoods habitat. Environment, nonselective genetic mechanisms, and natural selection are considered briefly in terms of the evolution of geographic variation. A seemingly primitive color pattern is retained at the northern limits of the range; the southern populations are characterized by loss of pattern and by increased variability (often anomalous) in scutellation. It is inferred that southern populations, being most influenced by a warming post-glacial climate, are evolving faster than northern populations.
Diagnostic Keys and Notes on the Damselflies (Zygoptera) of Florida
Authors: Johnson Clifford , Westfall Minter J.
Published: February 2024

This study presents a current species list and identification guide to the 45 species of damselflies (Zygoptera) occurring in Florida, a guide to morphological terms, and a short text improving accuracy of determinations. Illustrated characters of each species and sex accompany the keys. Color patterns, behavior traits, and habitat preferences serving as identifying characters in the field support the keys. The text provides general distribution within the state for each species, and references to larval descriptions. Attention is directed to problems in damselfly ecology.
Variation and Evolution of Gulf Coast Populations of Beach Mice, Peromyscus polionotus
Authors: Bowen W. Wedgwood
Published: February 2024

Inadequate taxonomic research has resulted in misinterpretation of the course of evolution in these beach mice. Five new subspecies are here described. Pelage patterns are described and in the case of the three primary hair-tip rump patterns, preliminary results of laboratory breeding experiments are given, along with a model based on four postulated genes. Basal-hair melanin patterns appear to be under separate control from the hair-tip xanthophyll pigment patterns. Disharmonious interactions between two presumed phylogenetic lines with different hair-base patterns are described and discussed. Zonal variance in width of dorsal body pigment in certain specimens is attributed to epigenetic interaction during molt and an approximate molt sequence is given. Variations in color, relative paleness, and body dimensions are also discussed. Polymorphism occurs in some subspecies. Several of the pelage pattern traits that characterize different beach mouse populations have been discovered also in occasional specimens of P. maniculatus, and it is believed that many, if not all of the genes responsible for pigment reduction in intensity and extensity in the beach mice, were already present before the species came in contact with the beach dune habitat. Evolutionary sequences are discussed and certain partial reproductive barriers are noted. The species appears to be in process of splitting into two species along a line initiated by a topographical barrier during the Yarmouth interglacial stage of the Pleistocene. The two ends of a circular overlap appear to be sympatric, and a partial break in the middle of the chain of subspecies is also manifest.
A Pleistocene Avifauna from Haile, Florida
Authors: Ligon J. David
Published: February 2024

A newly discovered fossil fauna near Haile, Alachua County, Florida, represents the Rancholabrean stage of the Pleistocene. The great concentration of small vertebrate remains, especially birds and mammals, is probably due to predatory birds. The avifauna of 72 species represents 12 orders and 26 families; 12 species are extinct. Five living species, Tympanuchus cupido, Actitis macularia, Coccyzus americanus, Cistothorus platensis, and Vireo griseus are new to the fossil record, and four others, Clangula hyemalis, Numenius americanus, Recurvirostra americana, and Asio flammeus, are new to the Pleistocene of Florida. The avifauna shows northern, western or southwestern, and Neotropical affinities; its composition indicates the close proximity of a lake or pond with accompanying marsh and wet meadow during the time of deposition, and that open prairie and scrub were also close at hand.
The Freshwater Decapod Crustaceans of the Apalachicola Drainage System in Florida, Southern Alabama, and Georgia
Authors: Hobbs Horton H. , Hart C. W.
Published: February 2024

Two families of freshwater decapod crustaceans frequent the lower Apalachicola drainage system. The family Palaemonidae is represented by 2 shrimps of the genus Palaemonetes and the Astacidae by 21 crayfishes belonging to the genera Procambarus (15 species), Cambarus (4), Orconectes (1), and Cambarellus (1). An illustrated key is provided for identifying these animals, and a tabular summary of their ecological distributions precedes an annotated list of species. The latter includes for each species a bibliographic synonomy, diagnostic characters, color notes, ecological data, range, life history notes, and a list of crayfish associates. Locality records in the area are indicated on appended maps. Procambarus rogersi expletus, new subspecies, is described from Calhoun County, Florida.
Patterns of geographic variation in Florida snakes
Authors: Christman Steven P.
Published: February 2024

I analyzed geographic variation within Florida for 15 species of snakes. Contour maps were machine-produced for each of over 200 morphologic and 17 environmental variables. Factor analysis of the maps showed that seven major patterns of geographic variation account for over 60% of the total variation. Each of the patterns of geographic variation can be explained in terms of natural selection and gene-flow characteristics in past or present environments. Disjunct populations showing phenetic similarities are the result of an earlier widespread phenotype followed by differentiation in geographically intermediate regions. Recourse to land bridge hypotheses and retrogressive evolution are not necessary to explain polytopic phenotypes. The geographic localities of primitive species or primitive characteristics within a species are not the centers of origin, but are merely regions in which evolution has proceeded relatively more slowly. A north-south cline on the Florida peninsula is the most obvious pattern of geographic variation, common to all species examined for at least some characters. Most species examined showed aspects of a Suwannee Straits pattern with dramatic character-state shifts occurring in the region of the present Suwannee River.
La Casa de Amparo de Zaragoza
Authors: Serrano Lasaosa Ana Jessica
Published: February 2024

La atención a personas que necesitan protección, ha sido desde siempre una de las competencias municipales más importantes de Zaragoza. Son varias las instituciones en la ciudad que cumplen esta finalidad, pero solo una es la que cuenta con más de 150 años de experiencia en materia de ayuda a los ancianos: se denomina Casa de Amparo y su labor a lo largo del tiempo ha sido servir de auxilio a los más necesitados. En ella y desde sus inicios, viven y trabajan las Hijas de la Caridad, consagradas al cuidado y atención de los ancianos que ahora residen en ella. En la actualidad, esta institución forma parte de los Servicios Sociales Especializados pertenecientes al Ayuntamiento de Zaragoza, pero no ha perdido la finalidad para la que fue creada y es parte de su primer reglamento oficial, el de dar socorro a los menesterosos incapaces de proveerse de lo necesario para su subsistencia.
Testing the GPS RTK Receiver Geotronics Geotracer 2200
Authors: Tuno Nedim , Omićević Džanina , Kogoj Dušan
Published: February 2024

This paper presents an overview of the importance of periodic testing and calibration of geodetic measuring instruments by standard procedures in order to achieve the desired results. Special attention is placed on the standard procedures of testing and calibration of complex geodetic instruments for the GNSS measurements, which are in geodetic mass practice for some 20 years. Standard ISO test procedure for RTK instruments was presented in the paper, as well as method for testing the accuracy of receiver using the geodetic test network.
Hybrid Adjustment of GPS and Classical Terrestrial Measurements
Authors: Krdžalić Dževad , Vrce Esad
Published: February 2024

This paper shows newer approach that has long been used worldwide in the design and processing of measurement in geodetic networks in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Combining GPS and terrestrial measurements gives very good results in the built (urban) areas. The most important thing is to choose the proper place to set GPS points. Another important task of the designer is to find the optimal ratio of GPS and traverse points. This paper presents the improved accuracy of traverse points by inserting an additional GPS points.
First Optical Theodolites
Authors: Tuno Nedim , Kogoj Dušan
Published: February 2024

The article gives an overview of the first optical theodolites, which marked a major milestone in the development and use of surveying instruments. Their appearance is connected to the name of the famous constructor Heinrich Wild and had a immeasurably positive impact on the entire industry of surveying instruments, that is still felt today. The purpose of the article is not commercial in terms of advertising of certain technical solutions of the manufacturer Wild (Leica), but an attempt to show the measurement technology that has dominated the previous century, through the lens of legendary T2 theodolite.
Assess Accuracy of Terrestrial and Aerial Photo Recorded Field in Design Corridor Vc
Authors: Abdić Adnan
Published: February 2024

In the last years various geodetic surveying being used as basis for designing by colleagues in different professional fields. Significance of surveying, and photogrammetry in particular, became evident in large scale projects of national interest and importance, such as Motorway on Corridor Vc, regional roads etc. Article portrays a practical example of preparations for aerial surveying for one section of the Motorway, basic data referring to aerial surveying and analysis of collected data.
Topographical Symbols on Cadastral Plans of the Austro-Hungarian Survey of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Arnautović Kemal
Published: February 2024

Austro-Hungarian Monarchy conducted a cadastral survey of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period from 1880 to 1884. Cadastral maps at 1:6 250, 1:3 125, 1:1 562.5 and 1:781.25 scales were made that are used for land books maintenance even at present. The Instructions for the Cadastral Survey of Bosnia and Herzegovina of 1880 (Instruction für die Katastral-Vermessung Bosnien und Herzegovina 1880) were used as the survey rules. Topographic symbols used on the maps were taken from the Annex to the Instructions: SAMPLES of SYMBOLS (ZEICHENMUSTER) that have been translated from German. Original cadastre maps are kept in the Archives of Vienna, while different cadastre administrations of Bosnia and Herzegovina received black and white lithographic copies. Samples of lithographic copies for the whole of Bosnia and Herzegovina were kept in the archives of the former Geodetic Administration of Bosnia and Herzegovina and have finally been taken over by the Archives of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
High Public Debt in Japan: The Institutional Quality Perspective
Authors: Ullah Attia Aman , Mehmood Waqar , Mohd-Rashid Rasidah , Patwari Atul Karim , Attiqa Aman-Ullah
Published: February 2024

This study aims to look at the long-term and short-term links between institutions' quality and public debt. The analysis seeks to shed light on two key aspects: firstly, the influence of country-level institutional quality on public debt, and secondly, the duration of the effects or shocks caused by this relationship. This research employs time-series data spanning from 1996 to 2017 to examine the relationship between institutional quality at the country level and public debt in Japan. Various econometric techniques were employed to analyse the determinants of public debt in Japan, including ’The Unit Root Test, Johansen's Co-integration Analysis, Vector Error Correction (VEC) Model, Variance Decomposition, Impulse Response Analysis, Pairwise Granger Causality Test, and The Toda-Yamamoto Model’. The results of the estimation demonstrate a statistically significant correlation between country-level institutional quality and public debt, both in the long and short term. The evidence indicates that factors such as Voice and Accountability (VA), Political Stability (PS), Government Effectiveness (GE), and Regulatory Quality (RQ) have a negative and statistically significant impact on public debt. Conversely, the Rule of Law (RL) and Control of Corruption (CC) exhibit a positive and statistically significant influence on public debt. The occurrence of public debt can frequently be attributed to the insufficient focus of policymakers, which can be attributed to governance deficiencies. Hence, the implementation of public debt management is necessary to mitigate the possibility of default. The findings indicate that it would be advisable for Japan to enact comprehensive policies aimed at mitigating public debt.
Innovation and Organisational Resilience among Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Lagos State
Authors: Oiku Peter Omoyebagbe
Published: February 2024

The study conducted a comprehensive examination to assess the impact of entrepreneurial innovativeness on organisational resilience within the Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) sector in Lagos State, Nigeria. In today's fiercely competitive business environment, it is imperative for startups and SMEs to consistently foster innovation as a core component of their operational strategy. This research employed a descriptive research design and gathered data from a sample of 500 business owners representing various SMEs sectors. The primary data collection tool was a self-structured questionnaire. The study's findings revealed a significant and positive correlation between entrepreneurial innovativeness within business organisations and their corresponding levels of organisational resilience. This correlation underscores the pivotal role that innovation plays in determining an organisation’s ability to withstand and navigate through challenging and turbulent conditions, especially in the context of SMEs in Lagos State. In light of these findings, the study puts forth valuable recommendations for business owners, particularly those at the startup stage. It strongly advises that businesses, regardless of their size, should consistently integrate innovation into their product development, operational processes, and overall organisational culture. By doing so, businesses can not only survive but also make a lasting impact in the highly dynamic and competitive business environment of Lagos State. This proactive approach to innovation is essential for long-term sustainability and success.
ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE CONFLICTS IN UKRAINE AND GAZA
Authors: Mehmedović Husein , Hajric Sejma
Published: February 2024

 

The outbreak of wars in Ukraine and Gaza, in addition to the hardships caused by the destruction and suffering for the inhabitants of these countries, also brings troubles to the economies and populations of other countries worldwide. The state of war leads to an increase in energy prices on the international market, upon which the growth and development of economic activities and the standard of living of the population directly or indirectly depend. In such conditions, the economy and population of underdeveloped and developing countries, such as Bosnia and Herzegovina and other Western Balkan countries, are most affected. Due to the reduced purchasing power of the population, there is less personal and production consumption, which directly affects the production of consumer goods. In this work, we will present the impact of rising energy prices on the prices of consumer goods in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We will also present the average income and expenditures of a four-member family in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We will list the financial remittances from our diaspora to their families in Bosnia and Herzegovina and conclude on how it is possible, under these conditions and with existing incomes, to meet all the needs and preserve dignity.
Dietary Diversity and Nutritional status of teachers in Ogun state, Nigeria
Authors: Ilo Jumoke , Okolosi Joel , Solana Olorunfunmi , Chukwuka Olutayo , Uthman-Akinhanmi Yewande , Fakile Oluwapamilerin
Published: February 2024

Background: Diversity in the diet is essential for preserving people's general health and well-being. The nutritional status and dietary diversity of teachers in Yewa North Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria, are evaluated in this study.

Materials and Methods: Data from a sample of 390 teachers, ages 25 to 60, was gathered using a cross-sectional study approach. Questionnaires given by interviewers were used to collect data on demographics, socioeconomic status, and dietary diversity based on food groups. Additionally, anthropometric data such as height, weight, and visceral fat were obtained.

Results: The findings demonstrated that a sizable fraction of the participants had low dietary diversity, which suggests that they consumed a restricted range of foods. Gender and nutritional diversity also showed a strong correlation, with females having higher levels of food diversity than males. A considerable portion of the participants were classified as underweight, overweight, or obese. It was shown that there was a substantial correlation between gender and BMI, with more men being underweight and overweight and more women being obese. Most respondents had normal levels of visceral fat, however, there was a substantial gender difference in visceral fat, with more males having high levels and more females having normal levels.

Conclusion: Since inadequate dietary diversity and abnormal nutritional status might raise the risk of chronic diseases like obesity and diabetes, these findings have significant implications for the health and well-being of teachers.
Implementasi Model Atik Dalam Pembelajaran Membedakan Sampah Organik dan Non Organik di Tk Nurul Huda Karawang
Authors: Anggraeni Lola , Nurrohmah Malia , Meidina Melda , Rahayu Rahayu , Watini Sri
Published: February 2024

Masalah sampah merupakan masalah yang ada hampir diseluruh daerah di Indonesia. Kurangnya pengetahuan anak-anak tentang pengelolaan sampah menjadikan masalah sampah belum dapat teratasi. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasikan Model ATIK dalam meningkatkan kesadaran berfikir tentang kebersihan dalam membuang sampah dan memilah sampah pada taman kanak kanak di Kota Karawang. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mempermudah pemilihan sampah organik dan non organik untuk dapat mengurangi pencemaran udara yang diakibatkan oleh penumpukan sampah yang masih tercampur. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Deskriptif Kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, dokumentasi, dan catatan lapangan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lembaga TK Nurul Huda Karawang melalui Model ATIK pada anak usia 5-6 tahun. Hasil penelitian di dapatkan bahwa TK Nurul Huda telah mengimplementasikan Model ATIK dengan cara Amati, Tiru, Kerjakan maka anak dapat dengan mudah membedakan antara sampah organik dan non organik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 1 September hingga 2 November 2023 sampai dengan dapat disimpulkan bahwa Model ATIK anak dapat berhasil membedakan antara sampah organik dan non organic.
Analysis on the Determinants of Republic of Indonesia Sovereign Sukuk Liquidity in Secondary Market
Authors: Pranata Bahal Anugrah , Rokhim Rofikoh
Published: February 2024

This study investigates the determinants of liquidity in Sharia Securities (SBSN) by analyzing the impact of bond-specific and macroeconomic factors on the bid-ask spread as a proxy for liquidity. Using panel data regression analysis, the study examines 62 tradable series of SBSN from 2013 to 2022, considering factors such as outstanding amount, time to maturity, yield to maturity, Rupiah exchange rate, inflation rate, reference interest rate, Indonesia Stock Exchange Composite Index (IHSG), and Indonesia Credit Default Swap (CDS). Results indicate that time to maturity, yield to maturity, central bank reference interest rate (BIRate), IHSG, and CDS significantly influence the bid-ask spread of SBSN, while outstanding amount, Rupiah exchange rate, and inflation rate do not. Additionally, analysis reveals that a strengthening IHSG and higher CDS widen the bid-ask spread, indicating reduced liquidity. These findings provide insights for stakeholders including issuers, investors, and regulators in managing SBSN liquidity in the Indonesian market.
Building Tana Toraja Towards a Smart City
Authors: Wibisono Lisa Kurniasari , Limbongan Mey Enggane , Ramba Dina
Published: February 2024

Tana Toraja is one of the districts located in the northern part of South Sulawesi. Currently, the Tana Toraja District plans to build at least 31 4G cellular network towers in 10 sub-districts to equalize the development of telecommunication infrastructure in the area. Therefore, this research is conducted to provide recommendations to the Tana Toraja District Government regarding the optimization of village development policies using information and communication technology approaches and to encourage the implementation of digital empowerment in public services. The results of this study indicate that the approach that can be used by the Tana Toraja District Government in building towards a smart city includes: developing infrastructure that can support smooth internet connectivity throughout the area and developing public services towards digitalization, such as e-Administration, e-Transportation, e-Health, e-Money, and e-Report. However, the increasing offering of technology-based public services to be developed in the Tana Toraja District will pose significant challenges, particularly in terms of human resources, financing, and data security.
Ethical implementation of AI in job candidate recruitment
Authors: Rocha Jessica Fernandes
Published: February 2024

This work aims to explore how workers, as data subjects, experience the effects of AI in recruitment, facing multiple layers of vulnerability as conceptualized by Florencia Luna in her theory of 'Layers of Vulnerability'. Following this reasoning, it examines the scope and limitations of personal data protection laws, with a particular focus on Law No. 13,709/2018 (LGPD), which aims to safeguard individuals' rights within this context. To envision future developments, the discussion will include legislative initiatives on the subject, emphasizing the importance of participation from all social actors in promoting the responsible use of AI in employment relations.
Analyzing the Application of Machine Learning in Detecting Hate Speech: A Review
Authors:   Department of Business Management Kampala International University Uganda, Uzoaji Ezeaku Florence
Published: February 2024

Social media platforms offer avenues for fostering anonymous online connections, discussions on diverse topics like culture, politics, and community life. However, the proliferation of hate speech poses a pressing challenge for society, individuals, policymakers, and researchers alike, both on the continent and globally. Addressing this issue necessitates comprehensive studies to identify and combat hate speech effectively. This paper conducts a systematic review of literature in this domain, concentrating on methodologies such as word embedding, machine learning, deep learning, and cutting-edge technologies. Specifically focusing on the past six years of research, this review highlights gaps, challenges, and advancements in hate speech detection techniques. Additionally, it delves into limitations, algorithmic selection dilemmas, data collection complexities, cleaning challenges, and outlines future research pathways in this critical area. Keywords: Hate Speech Detection, Machine Learning, Social Media Platforms, Text Analysis, Algorithm Selection.
I’m building a home lab
Authors: Smith Kirk Pollard
Published: February 2024

I feel very “behind” on things right now. I defended my PhD in January 2022, and I am still, a year and a half later, in the process of converting some of the chapters to publications. I don’t even want to be a traditional academic but I want to get this work “out” and clear it from my mind. It takes ages to write and get these papers through peer review though, and my motivation is in short supply.
Recursos humanos para la resolución de conflictos laborales
Authors: Ramírez José Hernán
Published: February 2024

El presente trabajo busca abordar los beneficios y ventajas de contar con delegaciones de Recursos humanos en cada Departamento Judicial, integradas por funcionarias/os y magistradas/os, entendiendo que serán los que en mejor posición se encuentren para mediar y acercar una solución a los conflictos que puedan sucederse dentro de la circunscripción donde prestan servicios.
AVALIAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DE PRODUÇÃO DE MICROALGAS DO SEMIÁRIDO E LITORAL ALAGOANO VISANDO À PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL
Authors: Amara Cecilia GUEDES Elica , RÊGO Eveline da Silva Mendonça , Da Silva COSTA Manoel Messias , Rodrigues CARNEIRO Victor Andrey , Rodrigues da SILVA Alson David , Le CAMPION Gabriel Louis , Rosas Garcia ALMEIDA Renata Maria
Published: February 2024

Biodiesel a partir de organismos unicelulares é tecnicamente viável quando as condições de cultivo são satisfatórias favorecidas por meios sintéticos e naturais que desempenham importantes funções para o crescimento das culturas e aumento da biomassa. As variáveis abióticas, como pH e temperatura, podem implicar no crescimento das espécies cultivadas. A referida pesquisa teve como ojetivo  ampliar os conhecimentos acerca de  cultivos de microalgas em laboratório, a partir, de espécies isoladas e cultivadas em diferentes meios  de cultivo (sintéticos/naturais) bem como a obtenção de óleos e lipídeos, por processos de extração com solvente “hexano”, e caracterização do óleos obtidos via “transesterificação. As microalgas foram obtidas por meio de arrastos horizontais subsuperficiais com duração de cinco minutos, com rede de plâncton de malha de 20μm,em açudes de regiões do Semiárido e tanques de cultivo de tilapia na praia de Ipioca. O material  utilizado para identificação das microalgas, foi fixado em formol neutro a 4%. As amostras destinadas ao cultivo, foram transportadas assepticamente sob aeração.O filo Chlorophyta foi o melhor representado com 45 táxons (64%). Verificamos que as microalgas quando cultivadas em laboratório sob condições controladas e meios sintéticos em quantidades adequadas, podem  favorecer  o crescimento satisfatório das culturas, a depender da espécie cultivada. Dentre as clorofíceas, foi possível o isolamento dos gêneros Desmodesmus sp., e Westella botryoides (West) De Wildeman. Os meios utilizados influenciaram sobre as taxas de crescimento das microalgas cultivadas. Os percentuais de óleo e lípideos das amostras, foram de  2,63% e  96,68%, respectivamente.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI E-LEARNING BERBASIS WEBSITE PADA SDN METESIH 03 MADIUN
Authors: Windu Febrianto  , Nita Sekreningsih
Published: February 2024

Sistem pembelajaran di SDN Metesih 03 saat ini masih melakukan proses pembelajaran secara konvensional. Proses pembelajaran ini hanya terjadi apabila siswa dan guru bertemu secara langsung di sekolah. Hal ini tidak bisa dilaksanakan secara efektif apabila tidak adanya pertemuan antara siswa dan guru. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka dibutuhkan sebuah sistem informasi e-learning berbasis website pada SDN Metesih 03 Madiun. Pada penelitian ini metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode Rapid Application Development (RAD). Rapid Application Development (RAD), yaitu metode pengembangan perangkat lunak yang menekankan pada siklus pengembangan sistem yang singkat dan cepat. berbagai tahapan metodologi RAD mulai dari tahap perencanaan syarat-syarat (Requirements Planning), workshop desain (Design Workshop) dan implementasi (Implementation). Hasil penelitian ini adalah sistem informasi e-learning berbasis website. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan adanya sistem informasi e-learning ini mempermudah guru dan siswa dalam melakukan pembelajaran dan ujian secara online.
KLASIFIKASI PENYAKIT MATA MENGGUNAKAN CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK MODEL RESNET-50
Authors: Verdy  , Ery Hartati
Published: February 2024

Penyakit mata merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang dapat menyebabkan kebutaan. Deteksi penyakit mata pada tahap awal penting untuk dilakukan agar dapat segera ditangani. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi penyakit mata adalah dengan menggunakan metode Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas metode CNN dengan arsitektur ResNet-50 dalam mengklasifikasi penyakit mata. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan dataset Eye Diseases Classification yang terdiri dari 4 kelas penyakit mata, yaitu katarak, glaukoma, diabetic retinopathy, dan normal. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengujian dengan membandingkan 3 skenario berdasarkan pembagian rasio datasetnya yaitu 70:30, 80:20 dan 90:10. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembagian rasio dataset dapat mempengaruhi hasil akurasi pada proses training dan pengujian. Pembagian rasio dataset 90:10 menghasilkan akurasi tertinggi yaitu sebesar 64,60%. Sedangkan pembagian rasio dataset 70:30 menghasilkan akurasi terendah yaitu sebesar 61,34%. Secara keseluruhan, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode CNN dengan arsitektur ResNet-50 dapat mengklasifikasi penyakit mata dengan cukup baik. Namun, perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan arsitektur dan fungsi optimizer yang lebih beragam, serta penambahan dataset yang lebih banyak agar menghasilkan hasil yang lebih variatif.
Concepções dos estudantes sobre problemas nas aulas de matemática
Authors: Gieseler Leonardo Cristiano , Schneider Bruno , Possamai Janaína Poffo
Published: February 2024

Na vida cotidiana, constantemente as pessoas se deparam com problemas a serem resolvidos, assim como no contexto educacional. Nesse sentido, a fim de revelar como a Resolução de Problemas vem sendo abordada nas aulas de matemática, este estudo objetiva identificar e analisar concepções que estudantes apresentam sobre problemas matemáticos. A investigação foi realizada no primeiro semestre do ano de 2021, com o total de 96 estudantes, de turmas dos 6º e 7º anos do Ensino Fundamental e dos 2º e 3º anos do Ensino Médio, de duas escolas públicas no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Esta pesquisa se caracteriza como qualitativa e descritiva, sendo os procedimentos adotados constituídos por uma investigação-ação. Para a coleta de dados, os estudantes foram solicitados a responderem um questionário relacionado com os sentidos atribuídos aos problemas utilizados nas aulas de Matemática, e os dados foram analisados com base em investigações que constituem a fundamentação teórica da pesquisa. Como resultados obtidos, destaca-se que, apesar dos estudantes manifestarem uma concepção geral do que seriam problemas em diferentes contextos, quando se referem aos problemas estudados no âmbito escolar, eles os conceitualizam como sendo processos mecânicos, pautados na repetição e memorização. Além disso, existe uma disparidade no sentido de tipos de problemas que são abordados nas aulas de Matemática e os tipos de problemas que os estudantes gostariam de resolver. Assim sendo, a investigação trouxe um panorama geral quanto à concepção que os estudantes apresentam sobre problemas matemáticos.