bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Resection Is Preferred in Selected Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis
Authors: Yang Jaehun , Kim Jong Man , Rhu Jinsoo , Choi Gyu-Seong , David Kwon Choon Hyuck , Joh Jae-Won
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Sorafenib is the standard care for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT), though it offers limited survival. This study was designed to compare clinical outcomes between liver resection (surgery) and transarterial chemoembolization plus radiotherapy (TACE-RT) as the initial treatment modality for resectable treatment-naïve solitary HCC combined with subsegmental (Vp1), segmental (Vp2), and lobar (Vp3) PVTT. Methods: From the institutional HCC registry, we identified 116 patients diagnosed with resectable treatment-naïve HCC with Vp1–Vp3 PVTT based on radiologic images who received surgery (n = 44) or TACE-RT (n = 72) as a primary treatment between 2010 and 2015. A propensity score matching (PSM) model was created. Results: The TACE-RT group had a higher tumor burden (tumor size, extent, and markers) than the surgery group. Cumulative patient survival curve in the surgery group was significantly higher than that in the TACE-RT group before and after PSM. Liver function was relatively well preserved in the surgery group compared with the TACE-RT group. TACE-RT group, male, increased alkaline phosphatase, and increased platelet count were predisposing factors for patient death in resectable treatment-naïve solitary HCC with PVTT. Discussion/Conclusion: The present study suggests that surgery is considered as an initial treatment in selectively resectable treatment-naïve solitary HCC with Vp1–Vp3 PVTT.
Book Review
Authors: Walach Harald
Published: January 2022

none
Splenectomy Outcomes in Relapsed or Refractory Immune Thrombocytopenia according to First-Line Intravenous Immunoglobulin Response
Authors: Kwag Daehun , Yoon Jae-Ho , Min Gi June , Park Sung-Soo , Park Silvia , Lee Sung-Eun , Cho Byung-Sin , Eom Ki-Seong , Kim Yoo-Jin , Kim Hee-Je , Lee Seok , Min Chang-Ki , Cho Seok-Goo , Kim Dong-Wook , Lee Jong Wook
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Although splenectomy has long been second-line option for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients, an indicator that reliably predicts the efficacy of splenectomy is still being explored. We investigated the treatment outcomes of splenectomy as a second-line therapy for relapsed/refractory ITP according to first-line intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) responses. Methods: Fifty-two adult patients treated with splenectomy as second-line therapy for ITP between 2009 and 2019 were included, and they were classified according to first-line IVIG responses (no response to IVIG: nonresponders; only transient IVIG response shorter than 4 weeks: poor responders; IVIG response for a longer period; stable responders). The efficacy of splenectomy was analyzed in the three subgroups. Results: Of the 52 patients, 10 were IVIG nonresponders, 34 were poor responders, and the remaining 8 were stable responders. Response to splenectomy was observed in 50.0% of IVIG nonresponders, 94.1% of poor responders, and 100% of stable responders (p = 0.0030). Among the 45 patients who responded to splenectomy, 51.1% relapsed subsequently, and a significantly lower relapse rate was noted in the stable IVIG responders (12.5%, p = 0.0220) than in nonresponders (60.0%) and poor responders (59.4%). Conclusions: First-line IVIG response is indicated as a useful predictive factor for response to splenectomy.
The Effect of Foot Massage with Lavender Essential Oil on The Sleep Quality of The Elderly in Banjar Gelumpang, Sukawati Village
Authors: Puspawati Ni Luh Putu Dewi , Ari Santi Ni Kadek , Saraswati Ni Luh Gede Intan
Published: January 2022

Aging process in the elderly will cause health problems such as immobilization, incontinence, depression, malnutrition, decreased immune system, and sleep quality disorders. The puspose of this study was to determine the effect of foot massage with lavender essential oil on the sleep quality of the elderly. This research design used a pre-experimental with one group pre-test post-test design without a control group. The number of samples used was 20 respondents selected by purposive sampling and data collection using the pitsburgh sleep quality index questionnaire with the test result analyzed with Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. The result showed that in pretest all respondents experienced poor sleep quality, and posttest data obtained that 13 respondents (65%) experienced good sleep quality. The results of data analysis using the Wilcoxon Sign rank test showed that the p-value = 0,000 <a (0,05) which means that there is an effect of foot massage with lavender essential oil on the sleep quality of the elderly in Banjar Gelumpang Sukawati village. Emphasis on certain points and the aroma of lavender will make the elderly feel relaxed so that the quality of sleep improved. It is suggests that the elderly and families to perform foot massage.
Cocriação de valor como estratégia no setor do turismo rural: um estudo aplicado ao contexto da olivicultura
Authors: Damacena Cláudio , Brambilla Flávio Régio , Correa Ana Laura Barcelos
Published: January 2022

O turismo rural, fonte de renda e geração de valor resultante da integração com os consumidores, acontece para além das operações tradicionais de uma propriedade agrícola. Assim, uma das alternativas de experiência para geração de valor é a cocriação de valor, ou seja, a interação entre o provedor do turismo agrícola e seus consumidores, experiência colaborativa baseada em conhecimentos, habilidades e experiências. O objetivo deste artigo é compreender os mecanismos de cocriação existentes na relação entre produtor de oliveiras e o turista rural, por meio de uma abordagem qualitativa e exploratória, no sul do Brasil, com o emprego de entrevistas em profundidade. Após análise dos resultados, foram identificados aspectos favorecidos pela cocriação de valor, em especial relacionados ao lazer e à autorrealização, e que a cocriação de valor pode trazer benefícios ao contexto do turismo rural, principalmente no que tange às relações entre provedor e turista, beneficiando ambos os envolvidos.
Boca da noite
Authors: Maffeis Juliana
Published: January 2022

Poema inédito autoral.
Ente Enigma A Metamorfose Do Ser Resiliência
Authors: Miguel Marcelo Calderari
Published: January 2022

A poesia, ou texto lírico, é uma das sete artes tradicionais, pela qual a linguagem humana é utilizada com fins estéticos ou críticos, ou seja, ela retrata uma mensagem.
Na poesia e na doença...
Authors: Gago Dora Nunes
Published: January 2022

Este texto é uma auto-reflexão ficcionada de Camilo Pessanha, incidindo na relação entre poesia e doença.
Uma presença ausente do Sensacionismo na fortuna crítica
Authors: Silva Dênis Augusto Sousa da , Motta Marcus Alexandre
Published: January 2022

Compreendidos enquanto projeto de corrente literária, artigos e fragmentos teóricos sobre o Sensacionismo foram encontrados no espólio de Fernando Pessoa e publicados ao longo do século XX em antologias que, pouco a pouco, revelaram o perfil mais completo de um Pessoa que não apenas escreveu, mas também pensou a sua obra. Embora este tema nem sempre tenha sido incorporado pela exegese dedicada ao poeta, é relevante perceber que algumas vezes os princípios estéticos sensacionistas figuram na fortuna crítica indiretamente, em certas interpretações de sua poética que, em alguma medida, correspondem a teorização que Fernando Pessoa desenvolveu. Chamamos esta figuração indireta de “presença ausente” e procuramos perceber de que maneira os princípios sensacionistas estão presentes nas obras de cinco exegetas: Mar Talegre (1947), Adolfo Casais Monteiro (1958), Jacinto do Prado Coelho (1949), Jorge de Sena (1946) e Mário Sacramento (1958). Este artigo procura a presença ausente do Sensacionismo nas obras desses autores compreendidos entre as décadas de 1940 e 1950, quando o espólio de Fernando Pessoa começou a vir a público, e ainda antes de publicações que revelaram mais plenamente o espólio pessoano de artigos dedicados ao Sensacionismo.
Revisões do cânone literário (poesia): momentos decisivos (séculos XVII-XXI) e a questão do registro homoerótico
Authors: Costa Horácio
Published: January 2022

O presente ensaio parte do pressuposto que a revisão canônica encetada nas literaturas portuguesa e brasileira pela inclusão da variável da expressão da homoerótica ou da diversidade sexual, que timidamente se insinua nas décadas que vivemos, equivale àqueles momentos decisivos nos quais, ao longo de aproximadamente quatrocentos anos, poetas e críticos (ou comentaristas) de poesia refletiram sobre o transunto da relação poesia-sociedade e história no âmbito das literaturas portuguesa e brasileira.
Socialismo, gênero e trabalho: uma análise da União Operária, de Flora Tristan
Authors: Campos Luna Ribeiro
Published: January 2022

Este artigo tem o objetivo de situar a obra de Flora Tristan (1803-1844) na tradição socialista e de identificar pontos de contato e de contraste com o chamado socialismo utópico. Mostro como os debates sobre o pauperismo e a questão social, tão em voga no início do século XIX, dialogavam diretamente com a negação do trabalho das mulheres fora do ambiente doméstico. A partir da análise do livro União Operária (1843), aponto para a originalidade do pensamento de Flora Tristan ao desenvolver uma visão mais abrangente sobre as definições de trabalho e de classe operária. Sugiro que o apagamento de suas ideias nas narrativas hegemônicas sobre a história do socialismo e do movimento operário está relacionada, por um lado, à vinculação de Tristan ao quadro geral do “socialismo utópico” e, por outro, ao fato de ela ter entrelaçado a emancipação da classe operária à emancipação das mulheres.
Keziah Mason: a bruxa cientista de H. P. Lovecraft
Authors: Scotuzzi Nathalia Sorgon
Published: January 2022

A obra do escritor norte-americano H. P. Lovecraft é marcada por um conteúdo mitológico de autoria própria que é parte indissociável de sua escrita. Essa mitologia autêntica e alienígena possui seus próprios pressupostos, não tendo relações diretas (e poucas vezes indiretas) com a mitologia cristã. O conto “Sonhos na casa da bruxa” (1933), entretanto, trabalha com a figura da bruxa, que é constantemente associada ao Diabo e ao cristianismo e, assim, nosso objetivo com esse trabalho é identificar de que forma Lovecraft desenvolve essa figura nesse conto e até que ponto incorpora elementos da mitologia cristã em sua história.
A monstruosidade em Lilith's awakening
Authors: Amaral Stephania
Published: January 2022

A presente pesquisa se propõe a analisar como o mito de Lilith é representado no filme Lilith’s Awakening (2016), da diretora brasileira Monica Demes. São apontados aspectos como fotografia e estrutura onírica, considerando a questão do gênero horror e o conceito de monstruoso, tendo em vista a valorização de um cinema realizado por mulheres, pouco discutido na academia. O trabalho se ocupa ainda do fascínio causado pela figura do vampiro na ficção a partir do enredo e de aspectos estéticos.
Três leitores de Dostoiévski: Kulidjánov, Bresson e Scorsese
Authors: Lucas Paulo Roberto Mendonça
Published: January 2022

Este ensaio apresenta uma leitura de três obras cinematográficas que, de diferentes formas, levaram às telas a ficção de Fiódor Dostoiévski. Os filmes Crime e castigo (1971), de Liev Kulidjánov, O batedor de carteiras (1959), de Robert Bresson, e Taxi Driver (1976), de Martin Scorsese, são analisados e relacionados às narrativas de Crime e castigo e Memórias do subsolo. Dessa maneira, o texto objetiva explicitar a estreita relação que a sétima arte manteve/mantém com a literatura de Dostoiévski.
"O divã de tia Sônia", um conto de Mikhail Kuzmin
Authors: Oliveira Yuri Martins de
Published: January 2022

Tradução para o português brasileiro do conto “O divã de tia Sônia” (Кушетка тёти Сони), do escritor Mikhail A. Kuzmin (1872-1936), precedida por uma breve nota introdutória a respeito do texto e do processo de tradução. Primeiro escritor russo a tratar da homossexualidade em seus textos, a prosa de Kuzmin tem sido pouco estudada e traduzida.
Eunice Katunda e seu Quinteto Schoenberg: uma homenagem ao criador do dodecafonismo
Authors: Candido Marisa Milan , Silva Eliana Monteiro da
Published: January 2022

Eunice Katunda (1915–1990) foi uma importante musicista brasileira do século XX. Viveu e atuou de maneira intensa no campo musical por quase todo o século, realizando atividades como pianista, compositora, regente, pesquisadora, professora, crítica, entre outros. Foi responsável tanto pela estreia e difusão de inúmeras obras brasileiras e estrangeiras desconhecidas no meio musical de sua época, como pela criação de peças a partir de modernas técnicas de composição. Neste artigo trataremos do uso feito pela compositora da técnica dodecafônica criada pelo compositor austríaco-estadunidense Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951), a quem ela homenageou em seu Quinteto Schoenberg. Através de análise musical, mostraremos, entre outros procedimentos, como a compositora utilizou na serie inicial de sua obra o hexacorde inversionalmente simétrico catalogado por Allen Forte como 6-20, usado por Schoenberg em seu quinteto Ode to Napoleon Buonaparte Op. 41. Paralelamente, a musicista inseriu melodias de inspiração folclórica nacional, a fim de dar à composição um caráter humanista e crítico do período em que foi criada.
Arnold Schoenberg e Yves Rudner Schmidt: uma relação musical
Authors: Santos Daniel Cristiano
Published: January 2022

O presente estudo visa realizar a comparação entre a obra “Angústia”, de Yves Rudner Schmidt e a última das Seis Pequenas Peças para Piano Op.19 de Arnold Schoenberg, afim de verificar proximidade na utilização de conjuntos sonoros. A ferramenta de análise escolhida baseia-se na Teoria dos Conjuntos (Forte, 1971), onde, após a análise das duas obras em separado foi realizada a verificação dos conjuntos comuns à ambas. Verificou-se a repetição entre os conjuntos mais utilizados em cada peça, além de uma aproximação estética, rítmica e auditiva entre as obras.
Impact of Maternal–Fetal Environment on Mortality in Children With Single Ventricle Heart Disease
Authors: Savla Jill J. , Putt Mary E. , Huang Jing , Parry Samuel , Moldenhauer Julie S. , Reilly Samantha , Youman Olivia , Rychik Jack , Mercer‐Rosa Laura , Gaynor J. William , Kawut Steven M.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND

Children with single ventricle heart disease have significant morbidity and mortality. The maternal–fetal environment (MFE) may adversely impact outcomes after neonatal cardiac surgery. We hypothesized that impaired MFE would be associated with an increased risk of death after stage 1 Norwood reconstruction.

METHODS AND RESULTS

We performed a retrospective cohort study of children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (and anatomic variants) who underwent stage 1 Norwood reconstruction between 2008 and 2018. Impaired MFE was defined as maternal gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and/or smoking during pregnancy. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate the association between impaired MFE and death while adjusting for confounders. Hospital length of stay was assessed with the competing risk of in‐hospital death. In 273 children, the median age at stage 1 Norwood reconstruction was 4 days (interquartile range [IQR], 3–6 days). A total of 72 children (26%) were exposed to an impaired MFE; they had more preterm births (18% versus 7%) and a greater percentage with low birth weights <2.5 kg (18% versus 4%) than those without impaired MFE. Impaired MFE was associated with a higher risk of death (hazard ratio [HR], 6.05; 95% CI, 3.59–10.21;
P
<0.001) after adjusting for age at surgery, Hispanic ethnicity, genetic syndrome, cardiac diagnosis, surgeon, and birth era. Children with impaired MFE had almost double the risk of prolonged hospital stay (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.41–2.70;
P
<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Children exposed to an impaired MFE had a higher risk of death following stage 1 Norwood reconstruction. Prenatal exposures are potentially modifiable factors that can be targeted to improve outcomes after pediatric cardiac surgery.
Early Electrophysiological Markers of Navigational Affordances in
Scenes
Authors: Harel Assaf , Nador Jeffery D. , Bonner Michael F. , Epstein Russell A.
Published: January 2022

Scene perception and spatial navigation are interdependent cognitive functions, and there is increasing evidence that cortical areas that process perceptual scene properties also carry information about the potential for navigation in the environment (navigational affordances). However, the temporal stages by which visual information is transformed into navigationally relevant information are not yet known. We hypothesized that navigational affordances are encoded during perceptual processing and therefore should modulate early visually evoked ERPs, especially the scene-selective P2 component. To test this idea, we recorded ERPs from participants while they passively viewed computer-generated room scenes matched in visual complexity. By simply changing the number of doors (0 doors, 1 door, 2 doors, 3 doors), we were able to systematically vary the number of pathways that afford movement in the local environment, while keeping the overall size and shape of the environment constant. We found that rooms with 0 doors evoked a higher P2 response than rooms with three doors, consistent with prior research reporting higher P2 amplitude to closed relative to open scenes. Moreover, we found P2 amplitude scaled linearly with the number of doors in the scenes. Navigability effects on the ERP waveform were also observed in a multivariate analysis, which showed significant decoding of the number of doors and their location at earlier time windows. Together, our results suggest that navigational affordances are represented in the early stages of scene perception. This complements research showing that the occipital place area automatically encodes the structure of navigable space and strengthens the link between scene perception and navigation.
Neural Dynamics of Context-sensitive Adjustments in Cognitive Flexibility
Authors: Siqi-Liu Audrey , Egner Tobias , Woldorff Marty G.
Published: January 2022

To adaptively interact with the uncertainties of daily life, we must match our level of cognitive flexibility to situations that place different demands on our ability to focus on the current task while remaining sensitive to cues that signal other, more urgent tasks. Such cognitive-flexibility adjustments in response to changing contextual demands (metaflexibility) have been observed in cued task-switching paradigms, where the performance cost incurred by switching versus repeating tasks (switch cost) scales inversely with the proportion of switches (PS) within a block of trials. However, the neural underpinnings of these adjustments in cognitive flexibility are not well understood. Here, we recorded 64-channel EEG measures of electrical brain activity as participants switched between letter and digit categorization tasks in varying PS contexts, from which we extracted ERPs elicited by the task cue and EEG alpha-power differences during both the cue-to-target interval and the resting precue period. The temporal resolution of EEG/ERPs allowed us to test whether contextual adjustments in cognitive flexibility are mediated by tonic changes in processing mode, or by changes in phasic, task-cue-triggered processes. We observed reliable modulation of behavioral switch cost by PS context that were mirrored in both cue-evoked ERP and time–frequency effects, but not in blockwide precue EEG changes. These results indicate that different levels of cognitive flexibility are instantiated in response to the presentation of task cues, rather than by being maintained as a tonic neural-activity state difference between low- and high-switch contexts.
Understanding Memories of the Past in the Context of Different Complex Neural Network Architectures
Authors: Bohm Clifford , Kirkpatrick Douglas , Hintze Arend
Published: January 2022

Deep learning (primarily using backpropagation) and neuroevolution are the preeminent methods of optimizing artificial neural networks. However, they often create black boxes that are as hard to understand as the natural brains they seek to mimic. Previous work has identified an information-theoretic tool, referred to as R, which allows us to quantify and identify mental representations in artificial cognitive systems. The use of such measures has allowed us to make previous black boxes more transparent. Here we extend R to not only identify where complex computational systems store memory about their environment but also to differentiate between different time points in the past. We show how this extended measure can identify the location of memory related to past experiences in neural networks optimized by deep learning as well as a genetic algorithm.
Active Role of Self-Sustained Neural Activity on Sensory Input Processing: A Minimal Theoretical Model
Authors: Santos Bruno A. , Gomes Rogerio M. , Barandiaran Xabier E. , Husbands Phil
Published: January 2022

A growing body of work has demonstrated the importance of ongoing oscillatory neural activity in sensory processing and the generation of sensorimotor behaviors. It has been shown, for several different brain areas, that sensory-evoked neural oscillations are generated from the modulation by sensory inputs of inherent self-sustained neural activity (SSA). This letter contributes to that strand of research by introducing a methodology to investigate how much of the sensory-evoked oscillatory activity is generated by SSA and how much is generated by sensory inputs within the context of sensorimotor behavior in a computational model. We develop an abstract model consisting of a network of three Kuramoto oscillators controlling the behavior of a simulated agent performing a categorical perception task. The effects of sensory inputs and SSAs on sensory-evoked oscillations are quantified by the cross product of velocity vectors in the phase space of the network under different conditions (disconnected without input, connected without input, and connected with input). We found that while the agent is carrying out the task, sensory-evoked activity is predominantly generated by SSA (93.10%) with much less influence from sensory inputs (6.90%). Furthermore, the influence of sensory inputs can be reduced by 10.4% (from 6.90% to 6.18%) with a decay in the agent's performance of only 2%. A dynamical analysis shows how sensory-evoked oscillations are generated from a dynamic coupling between the level of sensitivity of the network and the intensity of the input signals. This work may suggest interesting directions for neurophysiological experiments investigating how self-sustained neural activity influences sensory input processing, and ultimately affects behavior.
Eumenides and the Invention of Politics
Authors: Steinberger Peter J.
Published: January 2022

Recent scholarship has shown that the Eumenides of Aeschylus, far from presenting a complete and coherent picture of the well-ordered polis, in fact offers something quite different, namely, a complex set of questions, concerns and conundrums regarding the very nature of political society. But I suggest that the literature has not yet provided a fully satisfying account of the ways in which those questions are underwritten by the specifically literary practice of Aeschylus as it develops the play’s larger theoretical – especially moral – implications. I argue that the Eumenides can fruitfully be read as a sustained exercise in the subversion of expectations that unsettles its audience and thereby opens up a discursive and aesthetic space for the development of a distinctive political problematic; and further, that this problematic involves a challenging series of meditations on what today would be called political ethics, broadly conceived.
A new variety of Geranium ocellatum (Geraniaceae) from Uttarakhand, India
Authors: HURRAH IMTIYAZ AHMAD , BAGRI AJENDRA SINGH , SINGH ANKIT , WAGH VIJAY VISHNU
Published: January 2022

A new variety, Geranium ocellatum var. albiflorum, is described here from Tehri district of Uttarakhand state, India. The new variety is readily distinguished from G. ocellatum var. ocellatum by its central white spot at the petal base, dichasial inflorescence and peduncle length. A detailed description, photographs and conservation status are provided for the new variety. A key to the varieties of G. ocellatum is also provided.
Taxonomy and valve ultrastructure of new and interesting freshwater fossil diatoms (Bacillariophyta) of Miocene age from the Espanola Formation of New Mexico, U.S.A. II. Description of a New Grunowia species with comments on the genus
Authors: KOCIOLEK J.P. , DANZ A.
Published: January 2022

We describe a new species of the diatom genus Grunowia, G. mannii Kociolek & A.Danz, sp. nov., from a Miocene fossil deposit in New Mexico, USA. The species has wide fibulae, a keel that is off-center externally, with distinct proximal raphe ends, both internally and externally. The species is differentiated from others in the genus in the narrow valves that are swollen and rounded in the center. We formally transfer two species from Nitzschia to Grunowia, making the new combinations, Grunowia constricta (Chen & Zhu) Kociolek & A.Danz, comb. nov. and Grunowia pseudosinuata (Hamilton & Laird) Kociolek & A.Danz, comb. nov. We discuss the distribution of the genus over time and space. This report from the Miocene represents the oldest known member of the genus Grunowia in the fossil record.
Unified Wind-Wave Growth and Spectrum Functions for All Water Depths: Field Observations and Model Results
Authors: Hwang Paul A.
Published: January 2022

Wind-wave development is governed by the fetch- or duration-limited growth principle that is expressed as a pair of similarity functions relating the dimensionless elevation variance (wave energy) and spectral peak frequency to fetch or duration. Combining the pair of similarity functions, the fetch or duration variable can be removed to form a dimensionless function of elevation variance and spectral peak frequency, which is interpreted as the wave energy evolution with wave age. The relationship is initially developed for quasi-neural stability and quasi-steady wind forcing conditions. Further analyses show that the same fetch, duration, and wave-age similarity functions are applicable to unsteady wind forcing conditions, including rapidly accelerating and decelerating mountain gap wind episodes and tropical cyclone (TC) wind fields. Here it is shown that with the dimensionless frequency converted to dimensionless wavenumber using the surface wave dispersion relationship, the same similarity function is applicable in all water depths. Field data collected in shallow to deep waters and mild to TC wind conditions and synthetic data generated by spectrum model computations are assembled to illustrate the applicability. For the simulation work, the finite-depth wind-wave spectrum model and its shoaling function are formulated for variable spectral slopes. Given wind speed, wave age, and water depth, the measured and spectrum-computed significant wave heights and the associated growth parameters are in good agreement in forcing conditions from mild to TC winds and in all depths from deep ocean to shallow lake.

Significance Statement

This paper presents a growth function and spectrum model to describe wind-wave development in all water depths. Their applicability covers a wide range of wind forcing conditions including steady, accelerating, decelerating, and tropical cyclone events. Support for the unified spectrum model and growth function is presented with field observations and numerical computations.
Early Postoperative Extubation is Associated with Shorter Hospitalization and Improved Short-Term Survival in Patients Undergoing Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy
Authors: Hendrick Leah E. , Huang Xin , Hewgley William P. , Douthitt Luke , Dickson Paxton V. , Glazer Evan S. , Behrman Stephen W. , Shibata David , Deneve Jeremiah L.
Published: January 2022

Background

Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) is associated with significant operative time, hospital resources, and morbidity. We examine factors associated with hospital length of stay (LOS) and early overall survival (OS) after CRS/HIPEC.

Materials and Methods

Patients who underwent CRS/HIPEC were evaluated for factors associated with LOS. Institutional learning curve influence was addressed by comparing early vs late cohorts. Variables with P < .200 after univariate analysis were considered for inclusion in multivariate linear regression modeling. Independent factors associated with OS were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results

Seventy patients underwent CRS/HIPEC (mean age 52.3 years, 64.3% female, and 68.6% Caucasian). Presence of any surgical complication was found in 26 (37.1%), 28 (40%) remained intubated postoperatively, and the mean Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Index (PCI) score was 14.4 ([Formula: see text]10.4). Mean intensive care unit and hospital LOS were 2.9 days ([Formula: see text]2.3) and 9.6 days ([Formula: see text]3.6), respectively. After adjusting for covariates, only shorter time to postoperative ambulation (regression coefficient .92, P = .001) and early extubation (regression coefficient −1.90, P = .018) were associated with decreased hospital LOS on multivariate analysis. Immediate postoperative extubation conferred an independent early survival benefit on Kaplan-Meier analysis (mean OS 714.8 vs 473.4 days, P = .010). There was no difference in hospital LOS or OS between early and late cohorts.

Conclusion

Early postoperative extubation and shorter time to ambulation are associated with decreased hospital LOS. Moreover, CRS/HIPEC patients extubated immediately postoperatively have an early survival benefit. Every effort should be made to achieve early postoperative extubation and mobilization in CRS/HIPEC patients.
Attention Limitations in the Detection and Identification of Alarms in Close Temporal Proximity
Authors: Wan Yuzhi , Sarter Nadine
Published: January 2022

Objective

The aim of this study was to establish the effects of simultaneous and asynchronous masking on the detection and identification of visual and auditory alarms in close temporal proximity.

Background

In complex and highly coupled systems, malfunctions can trigger numerous alarms within a short period of time. During such alarm floods, operators may fail to detect and identify alarms due to asynchronous and simultaneous masking. To date, the effects of masking on detection and identification have been studied almost exclusively for two alarms during single-task performance. This research examines 1) how masking affects alarm detection and identification in multitask environments and 2) whether those effects increase as a function of the number of alarms.

Method

Two experiments were conducted using a simulation of a drone-based package delivery service. Participants were required to ensure package delivery and respond to visual and auditory alarms associated with eight drones. The alarms were presented at various stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs). The dependent measures included alarm detection rate, identification accuracy, and response time.

Results

Masking was observed intramodally and cross-modally for visual and auditory alarms. The SOAs at which asynchronous masking occurred were longer than reported in basic research on masking. The effects of asynchronous and, even more so, simultaneous masking became stronger as the number of alarms increased.

Conclusion

Masking can lead to breakdowns in the detection and identification of alarms in close temporal proximity in complex data-rich domains.

Application

The findings from this research provide guidance for the design of alarm systems.
Recurrent Multinomial Models for Categorical Sequences
Authors: Schultz Michael
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a model of recurrent multinomial sequences. Though there exists a quite considerable literature on modeling autocorrelation in numerical data and sequences of categorical outcomes, there is currently no systematic method of modeling patterns of recurrence in categorical sequences. This paper develops a means of discovering recurrent patterns by employing a more restrictive Markov assumption. The resulting model, which I call the recurrent multinomial model, provides a parsimonious representation of recurrent sequences, enabling the investigation of recurrences on longer time scales than existing models. The utility of recurrent multinomial models is demonstrated by applying them to the case of conversational turn-taking in meetings of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC). Analyses are effectively able to discover norms around turn-reclaiming, participation, and suppression and to evaluate how these norms vary throughout the course of the meeting.
Regimes of Resonance: Cosmos, Empire, and Changing Technologies of CCP Rule
Authors: Shue Vivienne
Published: January 2022

This analysis aims to place certain key elements of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) rule observed under Xi Jinping today into longer and fuller historical perspective. It highlights trademark CCP practices of ordering space, marking time, potent political messaging, and vigorous propaganda diffusion as these have evolved over many years up to the present, reconsidering these in light of early Chinese cosmological thought and later symbolic practices of empire.
KNNHI: Resilient KNN algorithm for heterogeneous incomplete data classification and K identification using rough set theory
Authors: Hamed Ahmed , Tahoun Mohamed , Nassar Hamed
Published: January 2022

The original K-nearest neighbour ( KNN) algorithm was meant to classify homogeneous complete data, that is, data with only numerical features whose values exist completely. Thus, it faces problems when used with heterogeneous incomplete (HI) data, which has also categorical features and is plagued with missing values. Many solutions have been proposed over the years but most have pitfalls. For example, some solve heterogeneity by converting categorical features into numerical ones, inflicting structural damage. Others solve incompleteness by imputation or elimination, causing semantic disturbance. Almost all use the same K for all query objects, leading to misclassification. In the present work, we introduce KNNHI, a KNN-based algorithm for HI data classification that avoids all these pitfalls. Leveraging rough set theory, KNNHI preserves both categorical and numerical features, leaves missing values untouched and uses a different K for each query. The end result is an accurate classifier, as demonstrated by extensive experimentation on nine datasets mostly from the University of California Irvine repository, using a 10-fold cross-validation technique. We show that KNNHI outperforms six recently published KNN-based algorithms, in terms of precision, recall, accuracy and F-Score. In addition to its function as a mighty classifier, KNNHI can also serve as a K calculator, helping KNN-based algorithms that use a single K value for all queries that find the best such value. Sure enough, we show how four such algorithms improve their performance using the K obtained by KNNHI. Finally, KNNHI exhibits impressive resilience to the degree of incompleteness, degree of heterogeneity and the metric used to measure distance.
Dietary intake patterns, nutrient adequacy and associated factors in a multi-ethnic Caribbean population
Authors: Nichols Selby , Dalrymple Nequesha , Prout Patrice , Ramcharitar-Bourne Anisa
Published: January 2022

Background: Diet is a significant contributor to health and wellbeing of individuals. Aim: In this study we investigated patterns of dietary intakes, levels of nutrient inadequacies and associated sociodemographic, anthropometric and lifestyle factors among adults in Trinidad and Tobago. Method: The study was cross-sectional in nature. A convenience sample of 11783 persons from districts throughout Trinidad and Tobago completed a self-administered questionnaire comprising socio-demographic and lifestyle items. Anthropometry was self-reported with 15% of participants having measurements done according to recommended procedures. Dietary patterns were determined by principal component analysis (PCA) while nutrient intakes and adequacy were assessed using the NutriGenie 7.0 software and nutrient adequacy ratio (MAR) respectively. Foods were categorised as unprocessed/minimally processed and processed/ultra-processed. The University of The West Indies Ethics Committee approved the study. Results: Approximately 72.5% of participants met the Goldberg criteria for plausible reporting. The three predominant dietary patterns ‘Typical’, ‘Fruits and Vegetables’, and ‘High Fat’ explained 45% of the total variance in foods consumed. Processed/ultra-processed foods accounted for most of the energy (80%) and nutrients consumed. Nutrient inadequacies were observed for potassium, vitamins B12, D, E, K, fibre, magnesium; and iron among females. The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) for participants was 67%. MAR was positively associated with predominant dietary patterns independent of socioe demographic and lifestyle factors (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Irrespective of their nature, the predominant dietary pattern was associated with nutrient adequacy among participants. Reducing the risk of inadequate nutrient intakes may be addressed by increasing availability, access and consumption of appropriate sources of these micronutrients.
The Digital Tech Deal: a socialist framework for the twenty-first century
Authors: Kwet Michael
Published: January 2022

The twenty-first century global economy is largely driven by Big Tech and, more broadly, digital capitalism. This is a global phenomenon, with US power at the centre preying on global markets through the process of digital colonialism. Mainstream antidotes to the ills of Big Tech and digital capitalism are US/Eurocentric and revolve around a collection of liberal and progressive capitalist reforms, including anti-trust, limited privacy laws, unionisation of Big Tech, algorithmic discrimination and content moderation – all of which are conceived within a capitalist framework which ignores or neglects digital colonialism and the twenty-first century ecological crisis, despite their analytical and moral centrality to contemporary political economy. This author argues that a combination of political, economic and social alternatives based on a Digital Tech Deal are needed to turn the tide against digital colonisation, entailing the socialisation of knowledge and infrastructure; passing socialist laws that support digital socialism; and new narratives about the tech ecosystem. These solutions are to be nested within an anti-colonial, eco-socialist framework that embraces degrowth to ensure environmental sustainability and socioeconomic justice.
Intellectual freedom and alternative priorities in library and information science research: A longitudinal study
Authors: Gardner Gabriel J
Published: January 2022

This article presents a bibliometric analysis of the library and information science literature to trace the emphasis that intellectual freedom and neutrality have received relative to an index of alternative and possibly competing topics. Emphasis is captured longitudinally by recording the number of results for various search terms associated with intellectual freedom, neutrality, diversity, equity, and inclusion in Web of Science from 1993 through 2020 and Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts from 1970 through 2020. The results show that the number of works mentioning intellectual freedom and neutrality has increased only slightly over the study period, in sharp contrast to many entries on the diversity, equity, and inclusion index. With research interests being partially indicative of personal beliefs and professional activity, the impact of this relative change in emphasis on professional practice is discussed. Public controversies regarding library neutrality, intellectual freedom, and freedom of expression in libraries are summarized.
The Role of the Indigenous Patient Navigator: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rankin Aric , Baumann Andrea , Downey Bernice , Valaitis Ruta , Montour Amy , Mandy Pat
Published: January 2022

Background

Healthcare systems are complex and as a result patients may experience fragmentation of services. Indigenous populations experience increasingly disproportionate health disparities compared to non-Indigenous populations. Patient navigation is known as a patient-centered approach to empower individuals to connect with appropriate services. Literature surrounding the Indigenous Patient Navigator (IPN) remains sparse necessitating this scoping review. Purpose: To map the current state of the role of the IPN internationally within Canada, United States, Australia and New Zealand.

Methods

Estalished methodological framework by Arksey and O’Malley and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews was used.

Results

A total of 820 articles were reviewed from four databases, yielding sixteen articles.

Conclusions

The absence of published literature surrounding the IPN role in Australia and New Zealand was surprising considering similar histories of colonization. The term navigator was used most often and was typically used when describing lay/peer roles. Professional roles were described using specific role descriptions. Six IPN roles were identified including: (1) social service navigation, (2) wholistic support of Indigenous people, (3) advocacy/building capacity, (4) health assessment, (5) administrative navigation, and (6) outreach. Additionally, barriers and enablers IPNs address are identified. This scoping review will assist to promote and reinforce the IPN role.
Effect of process parameters of fused deposition modeling on mechanical properties of poly-ether-ether-ketone and carbon fiber/poly-ether-ether-ketone
Authors: Wang Pei , Pan Aigang , Xia Liu , Cao Yitao , Zhang Hongjie , Wu Weichao
Published: January 2022

As a rapidly developing additive manufacturing technology, fused deposition modeling (FDM) has become widespread in many industry fields. It can fabricate complicated geometries using filament of thermoplastic materials such as PP, polylactic acid, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, etc. However, poor mechanical properties of raw materials limit their application. Poly-ether-ether-ketone is a type of special engineering plastic with high performance, which could be further reinforced by adding carbon fibers (CFs). During FDM process, the mechanical properties of printed parts are largely subject to careful selection of process parameters. To improve the mechanical properties of PEEK and CF/PEEK 3D-printed parts, the effects of various process parameters including building orientation, raster angle, nozzle temperature, platform temperature, ambient temperature, printing speed, layer thickness, infill density, and number of printed parts on mechanical properties were investigated. The tensile fracture interfaces of printed parts were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) to explain the influence mechanism of process parameters. In the single factor experiments, flat and on-edge specimens show the best tensile and flexural strength, respectively; the specimens with raster angle ±45° and 0° show the best tensile and flexural strength, respectively. When the nozzle temperature at 500°C, platform temperature at 200°C, ambient temperature at 150°C, printing speed is 20 mm/s, layer thickness is 0.2 mm, and infill density is 100%, the printed parts exhibit the best mechanical properties.
Mechanical strength of highly preloaded bolts affected by the ovalization of an aircraft wheel
Authors: Haddar Ahmed , Daidie Alain , Rodriguez Emmanuel , Augustins Louis
Published: January 2022

This work presented in this paper concerns the modeling of the tensile and bending behavior of bolts in an airplane wheel. The design of a very rigid airplane tire means that the airplane wheel must be separated into two parts. In order not to have a separation between the two parts, several bolts with high preload are used. The main objective of this work is to predict the mechanical behavior of this assembly in a preliminary design phase with geometrical and global mechanical data. To achieve this objective, a simplified semi-numerical 1D model is developed. The complex geometry of the wheels is modeled by axisymmetric elements, while beam elements define the geometries and mechanical behavior of the bolts. The model is improved in non-axisymmetric cases to include the ring effect due to the wheel ovalization. Different cases are simulated (inflation and rolling). For each load case, the most stressed fastener is examined. Then, a comparison between its static and fatigue stress results and those of the 3D finite element reference model considered is analyzed for the validation of the developed tool. The semi-numerical model is used in the preliminary design phase and permits the geometric and mechanical properties of the aircraft wheel and fasteners to be defined so as to find the best assembly configuration that prevents separation.
Using variable modulus to modify a rack cutter and generate a gear pair
Authors: Hsueh-Cheng Yang , Huang Zhong-Wei
Published: January 2022

In this paper, two normal imaginary helical rack cutters were first established. One of these cutters is a skewed-rack cutter with an asymmetrical straight edge. The other is a rack cutter with an asymmetric parabolic profile. Second, the gear’s tooth surface of the asymmetric parabolic rack cutter is modified to be barrel-shaped based on a variable modulus. The tooth thickness of the gear is gradually reduced along the face width of the tooth from the middle of the tooth surface. Then the coordinate relationship between the gears’ blanks and the imaginary helical rack cutters was established. Through the differential geometry, crowned and uncrowned helical gear pairs were generated. Because of human factors, when the gear pair is installed, it is easy to cause the gear pair edge contact. It is necessary to add artificial assembly error settings through the tooth contact analysis to investigate the kinematic errors and contact conditions of the crowned and uncrowned helical gear pair. The mathematical models and analysis methods proposed for the crowned imaginary rack cutter using variable modulus should be useful for the design and production of double crowned helical gears with asymmetric parabolic teeth.