bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERAN SUPERVISOR KEPALA SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN AGAMA ISLAM DI SDN BINANGUN 1 SINGGAHAN TUBAN TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021/2022
Authors: Hidayati Ninik , Hakim Nurul , Fauzi Ali
Published: August 2024

Peran Supervisi Kepala Sekolah Dasar dalam proses pembelajaran yang berkualitas Agama Islam SD Binangun 1 Singgahan Tuban. Berdasarkan pada latar belakang masalah penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan jawaban terhadap rumusan masalah (1)Bagaimana supervisi yang dilaksanakan Kepala SD Binangun 1 Singgahan? (2) Bagaimana peran supervisi kepala SD dalam meningkatkan kualitas pembelajaran agama Islam di SD Binangun 1 SinggahanTahun Pelajaran 2021/2022?. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan temuan bahwa (1) Pelaksanaan supervisi kepala SD dalam pembelajaran agama Islam di SD Binangun 1 Singgahan meliputi : pertama, Proses supervisi, supervisi dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali dalam satu semester. Kedua, pengawasan kesiapan pembelajaran, sebelum guru memulai pembelajaran kepala SD memeriksa perangkat belajar. (2) Peran supervisi kepala SD untuk meningkatkan kualitas belajar agama islam di SD Binangun 1 Singgahan tidak lepas dari peran kepala SD dalam melaksanakan tugasnya sebagai pelaku supervisi (supervisor) dan peran seorang guru sabagai pelaksana pembelajaran.
IMPLEMENTASI KURIKULUM BERBASIS DISTINGSI DALAM PENGEMBANGAN KARAKTER RELIGIUS DI MI NU HIDAYATUN NAJAH
Authors: Rustyawati Dian , Fauzi M. , Amin Fathul
Published: August 2024

Perkembangan dunia teknologi informasi dan mudahnya akses pada sosial media menjadi tantangan lembaga pendidikan. Mudahnya akses terhadap teknologi informasi memunculkan banyak permasalahan bagi anak, seperti kecanduan gawai, kurangnya kemampuan komunikasi, bahkan mempengaruhi etika dan perilaku anak. Rawannya terjadi krisis moral menjadikan Lembaga Pendidikan sebagai benteng pertahanan untuk membentuk karakter siswa dan menanamkan nilai-nilai religius. Untuk itu, perlu adanya kurikulum yang mampu menjawab kebutuhan dan sesuai dengan visi misi lembaga. Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini yaitu implementasi Kurikulum Khas di MI NU Hidayatun Najah dan Pengembangan Kurikulum Khas dalam membentuk karakter religius di MI NU Hidayatun Najah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa implementasi Kurikulum Khas dilaksanakan untuk mendukung perkembangan pemahaman keagamaan siswa sekaligus sebagai distingsi Lembaga. Ada pun muatan lokal dalam Kurikulum Khas yaitu Alqur’an dan hafalan, madrasah diniyah, SKUA, dan akhlakul karimah. Pengembangan kurikulum khas ini dilaksanakan secara berkelanjutan berdasarkan hasil evaluasi kurikulum. Penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan area penelitian, yaitu MI NU Hidayatun Najah Tuban, sehingga hasil penelitian tidak dapat digeneralisasi. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya bisa meneliti lebih spesifik setiap setiap program atau buku pendamping yang digunakan dalam implementasi kurikulum khas di MI NU Hidayatun Najah
PEQUENOS ANIMAIS, GRANDES BENEFÍCIOS: TERAPIA ASSISTIDA E SAÚDE PÚBLICA
Authors: Teixeira Wander Irwing da Silva , Coutinho Diógenes José Gusmão
Published: August 2024

Terapias Assistidas por Animais são formas de trazer a exposição dentro da saúde pública os benefícios salutares da convivência diária entre os seres de espécies diferentes. O intento desta obra foi a compreensão de como o bem-estar dos assistidos pelas TAA é influenciado pela companhia dos animais. Para tal inquirição foi utilizado de revisão bibliográfica de literatura dentro deste campo do saber e de metodologias qualitativas. Em meio aos achados, sugere-se que os animais imersos aos processos terapêuticos afetam de maneira positiva reduzindo o estresse e a ansiedade dos participantes. Sendo assim, a qualidade na interação e a conexão é entre o participante e o animal deve ser alta para que se possa garantir melhores efeitos no processo de cura. Em razão das observâncias é possível afirmar que os objetivos desta pesquisa estavam corretos e ainda que protocolos unificados de tratamento devam ser flexíveis e adaptáveis com fins de aplicar correções continuadas e melhor empenhar melhor assertividade no trato de cada caso particular.
PIELONEFRITE: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Martins Letícia Ribeiro de Souza , Nanone Filho Marcelo Terra , Silva Isabela Julio da , Alcantara Leonardo Correia de , Alves Fernanda Cunha
Published: August 2024

Esta revisão de literatura reuniu artigos publicados preferencialmente em inglês, espanhol, francês e português nos últimos cinco anos nas bases de dados PUBMED e SciELO objetivando revisar os principais fatores de risco relacionados ao desenvolvimento de pielonefrite. A seleção da bibliografia utilizada para a confecção deste artigo também incluiu trechos de livros importantes para a medicina, etapa que ajudou a melhor definir e conceituar temos relevantes para o estudo. A pielonefrite é uma condição potencialmente grave que exige atenção cuidadosa aos fatores de risco subjacentes. O manejo adequado dessas condições pode não apenas prevenir a pielonefrite, mas também reduzir significativamente as complicações associadas à doença. A identificação precoce e o tratamento eficaz dos fatores predisponentes são fundamentais para melhorar os resultados clínicos e prevenir a progressão para danos renais permanentes ou sepse. Na prática clínica, é essencial que os profissionais de saúde estejam atentos aos fatores de risco descritos e implementem medidas preventivas apropriadas para reduzir a incidência e a gravidade da pielonefrite.
RISCOS E BENEFÍCIOS DA ANASTOMOSE HEPÁTICO-JEJUNAL EM PACIENTES COM TUMORES BILIARES: UMA REVISÃO DE CASOS CLÍNICOS
Authors: Melo Arthur Lins , Ruiz Edwin Vilelo , Lima Letícia Rafael Leite de , Torres Uedson Aparecido de Oliveira , Prado Alípio Henrique Oliveira , Santos Dayane Ataide , Costa Costanza Ferraiuolo de Oliveira , Barreto Filho Luciano da Costa , Paiva Matheus Carvalho Souza
Published: August 2024

A anastomose hepático-jejunal é uma técnica cirúrgica frequentemente empregada para o tratamento de obstruções biliares secundárias a tumores biliares, visando restaurar o fluxo biliar e aliviar sintomas associados como icterícia e dor abdominal. Esta revisão de casos clínicos foi realizada para avaliar os riscos e benefícios associados a essa abordagem em pacientes com tumores biliares. Foram analisados estudos que documentam tanto as taxas de sucesso quanto as complicações pós-operatórias associadas à anastomose hepático-jejunal. Os resultados indicam que, embora a técnica apresente uma alta taxa de sucesso na resolução da obstrução biliar e na melhora da qualidade de vida dos pacientes, ela não está isenta de riscos significativos. As complicações mais comuns incluem fístulas biliares, estenose anastomótica e infecções, que podem afetar negativamente o prognóstico a longo prazo. A análise sugere que, apesar das potenciais complicações, a anastomose hepático-jejunal continua sendo uma opção valiosa, especialmente em pacientes com tumores biliares não ressecáveis. Recomenda-se um manejo cuidadoso e acompanhamento rigoroso para minimizar riscos e melhorar os resultados. Estudos futuros devem focar na identificação de preditores de complicações e na otimização das técnicas cirúrgicas.
Off-season irrigation as a climate adaptation strategy for future groundwater management in Northern Italy
Authors: Colombo Paolo , Mazzon Pietro , Alberti Luca
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Northern Italy is a historically water abundant region. However, it was struck by a major meteorological drought recently, which caused many damages to agriculture and other sectors. Adaptation measures to a changing climate and to extreme events is thus a growing topic and measures have to be tested and planned to be able to avoid future water scarcity. Here, a possible adaptation measure is proposed and evaluated through field tests and numerical modelling: the flooding of fields during periods of water abundance as an additional aquifer recharge. Results show that the measure has a considerable potential in infiltrating high volumes of water. This work only shows the first achieved results, more data and improved numerical models are needed to sustain this consideration and assess the feasibility of the measure, both of which will be achieved in the next years.
Influence of wind strength and direction on diffusive methane fluxes and atmospheric methane concentrations above the North Sea
Authors: Bussmann Ingeborg , Achterberg Eric P. , Brix Holger , Brüggemann Nicolas , Flöser Götz , Schütze Claudia , Fischer Philipp
Published: August 2024

Abstract. Quantification of the diffusive methane fluxes between the coastal ocean and atmosphere is important to constrain the atmospheric methane budget. The determination of the fluxes in coastal waters is characterized by a high level of uncertainty. To improve the accuracy of the estimation of coastal methane fluxes, high temporal and spatial sampling frequencies of dissolved methane in seawater are required, as well as the quantification of atmospheric methane concentrations, wind speed and wind direction above the ocean. In most cases, these atmospheric data are obtained from land-based atmospheric and meteorological monitoring stations in the vicinity of the coastal ocean methane observations. In this study, we measured wind speed, wind direction and atmospheric methane directly on board three research vessels in the southern North Sea and compared the local and remote atmospheric and meteorological measurements on the quality of the flux data. In addition, we assessed the source of the atmospheric methane measured in the study area in the German Bight using air mass back-trajectory assessments. The choice of the wind speed data source had a strong impact on the flux calculations. Fluxes based on wind data from nearby weather stations amounted to only 58 ± 34 % of values based on in situ data. Using in situ data, we calculated an average diffusive methane sea-to-air flux of 221 ± 351 µmol m−2 d−1 (n = 941) and 159 ± 444 µmol m−2 d−1 (n = 3028) for our study area in September 2019 and 2020, respectively. The area-weighted diffusive flux for the entire area of Helgoland Bay (3.78 × 109 m2) was 836 ± 97 and 600 ± 111 kmol d−1 for September 2019 and 2020, respectively. Using the median value of the diffusive fluxes for these extrapolations resulted in much lower values compared to area-weighted extrapolations or mean-based extrapolations. In general, at high wind speeds, the surface water turbulence is enhanced, and the diffusive flux increases. However, this enhanced methane input is quickly diluted within the air mass. Hence, a significant correlation between the methane flux and the atmospheric concentration was observed only at wind speeds < 5 m s−1. The atmospheric methane concentration was mainly influenced by the wind direction, i.e., the origin of the transported air mass. Air masses coming from industrial regions resulted in elevated atmospheric methane concentrations, while air masses coming from the North Sea transported reduced methane levels. With our detailed study on the spatial distribution of methane fluxes we were able to provide a detailed and more realistic estimation of coastal methane fluxes.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Demokratik Tutum ve Davranışlarının İncelenmesi: Trabzon İli Örneği
Authors: Çolak Murat
Published: August 2024

Bu çalışmada, okul yöneticilerinin demokratik tutum ve davranışlarını farklı değişkenler açısından incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla yöneticilerin demokratik davranış ve tutum sergileme düzeylerini; cinsiyeti, branşı, çalıştığı okul türü, yöneticilik görev türü, çalıştığı okulun bulunduğu bölge ve mesleki deneyim gibi değişkenlerin etkileme durumu değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada tarama deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmaya uygun durum örnekleme yolu ile Trabzon ilinde Milli Eğitime bağlı resmi ilk, orta ve lise düzeyindeki okullarda görev yapmakta olan 166 okul yöneticisi dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmadaki veriler, “Demokratik tutum algısı ölçeği” ile toplanmıştır. Toplanan verilerin demografik özeliklere göre analizinde parametrik testlerden tek yönlü anova, ikili anova ve bağımsız t testi yapılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda; okul yöneticilerinin demokratik tutum ve davranış düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Okul yöneticilerinin cinsiyetlerinin, mesleki deneyimlerinin, branşlarının ve çalıştıkları okul türlerinin demokratik tutum ve davranışlarında anlamlı farklılık yaratmadığı görülürken; okulda müdür olarak görev yapanların müdür yardımcılığı görevi yapanlara göre ve ilçe merkezinde çalışan yöneticilerin il merkezinde görev yapan yöneticilere göre demokratik tutum ve davranışlarının daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.
Pentingnya Menuntut Ilmu: Perspektif Islam dan Dampaknya pada Karakter Pembentukan Individu
Authors: Arrumaisha Fasya Nuriy  , Deshi Karunia Hajarwati  , Desra Reifka Rhaudia  , Elisya Laesya Tasya  , Erna Widyastuti  , Rizki Amrillah
Published: August 2024

Education in Islam is not only about acquiring knowledge, but also forming good character and developing noble morals. Demanding knowledge is considered a practice in worship that will be rewarded by Allah Swt. In the Quran, Allah Swt repeatedly emphasizes the importance of seeking knowledge and gaining a deep understanding of religion. The research method used is a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Data were obtained from various literature sources such as books, journals, articles, and other documents relevant to the research topic. The results and discussion show that character education has a significant impact on the formation of individuals, helping them develop positive self-attitudes and qualities. The conclusion of this research is that studying in an Islamic perspective is a form of worship that needs to be done intensely and with dedication. By maintaining ethics and developing good morals, the knowledge gained will be useful and bring blessings in shaping individual character.
The Effectiveness of Control Box Education on Compliance with Fe Tablet Consumption in Pregnant Women at the Tampa Health Center
Authors: Riani By , Yeni Lucin  , Greiny Arisani  , Oktaviani
Published: August 2024

Latar Belakang: Anemia pada ibu hamil dapat meningkatkan risiko kelahiran prematur, kematian ibu dan anak, serta penyakit infeksi. Anemia defisiensi besi pada ibu dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin/bayi saat kehamilan maupun setelahnya. Untuk mencegah anemia setiap ibu hamil diharapkan mendapatkan tablet tambah darah (TTD) minimal 90 tablet selama kehamilan. Cakupan pemberian TTD pada ibu hamil di Indonesia tahun 2020 adalah 83,6%, angka ini meningkat dibandingkan tahun 2019 sebesar 64%, di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah pada tahun 2019 sebesar 79,3% lebih rendah dibandingkan tahun 2018 sebesar 81,2%, dan di Barito Timur mendapatkan tablet tambah darah 90 adalah 73,02%, dengan jumlah sebesar 1.976 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan rata-rata tingkat kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Tampa.
Tujuan : Menganalisis efektivitas edukasi kotak kontrol terhadap kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Tampa.
Metodologi Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, dengan menggunakan metode penelitian Pre Eksperiment, dengan desain penelitian one group pretest posttest. Desain ini digunakan untuk membandingkan hasil pengukuran sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada satu kelompok, di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tampa Kabupaten Barito Timur yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 30 orang.
Hasil :  Gambaran terbanyak umur 20 - 35 tahun 29 (90,9%), pendidikan SMA 19 (57,6%), pekerjaan 23 (69,7%), paritas sama 10 (30,3%). Hasil penelitian rata-rata kepatuhan sebelum diberikan perlakuan adalah 12,33 tablet sedangakan sesudah perlakuan 21,90 tablet. Hasil analisis ada terdapat perbedaan tingkat kepatuhan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi kotak kontrol (p=0,000). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, maka dapat disimpulkan perlunya edukasi kotak kontrol yaitu dengan mencentang untuk memantau kepatuhan ibu hamil mengkonsumsi tablet Fe.
Saran : Untuk lebih menggencarkan ibu hamil mencenteng kotak kontrol pada buku KIA dalam pemberian tablet Fe yang rutin.
Kesimpulan : Ada terdapat perbedaan tingkat kepatuhan sebelum dan sesudah edukasi kotak kontrol  (p=0,000).
MANAJEMEN KESEHATAN KELUARGA DENGAN INFEKSI SALURAN PERNAPASAN AKUT DI DESA SEI MENCIRIM TAHUN 2023
Authors: Br Ginting Friska Sri Handayani , Siallagan Ance , Derang Imelda , Br Karo Mestiana , Ginting Nasipta , Saragih Helinida
Published: August 2024

ISPA atau Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut adalah penyakit yang dapat diderita dari kalangan usia, dimana penyakit ini merupakan infeksi akut yang disebabkan oleh virus, jamur dan bakteri. Ispa tidak hanya disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri saja melainkan dapat disebabkan oleh inhalasi bahan- bahan organic atau uap kimia dan inhalasi bahan- bahan debu yang mengandung allergen. Penyakit yang saat ini  menyerang masyarakat Desa sei mencirim dalam 6 bulan terakhir ini adalah Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut (ISPA). Dimana berdasarkan data yang di dapat Manajemen kesehatan keluarga tidak efektif berhubungan dengan ketidakefektifan pola perawatan kesehatan keluarga ditandai dengan keluarga mengakan penyakit yang diderita keluarga selama 6 bulan terakhir adalah batuk, pilek dan demam. Oleh karena itu untuk mengatasi masalah kesehatan keluarga di perlukan manajemen kesehatan keluarga yang baik dan tepat guna meningkatkan derajat kesehatan keluarga. Manajemen kesehatan keluarga adalah cara untuk menyesuaikan dan mengintengrasikan proses keluarga, pengobatan penyakit, dan gejala sisa untuk mencapi tujuan kesehatan tertentu di sector keluarga. Berdasarkan data yang di dapat dari Keluarga menunjukkan upaya peningkatan status kesehatan yang minimal seperti membeli obat bebas di warung/apotik sebelum ke faskes sebanyak 208 kk (72,2 persen), keluarga yang menderita batuk, pilek dan demam selama 6 bulan terkahir sebanyak 172 kk (59,7 persen). Berdasarkan masalah yang dialami oleh masyarakat desa sei mencirim, maka solusi atau intervensi yang diberikan Penyuluhan tentang penyakit Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Atas (ISPA) dan Membagikan masker dan vitamin C (berkoordinasi dengan pihak puskesmas).
The Role of Fiscal Rules and Their Effectiveness in Achievement of Macroeconomic Stability
Authors: Avakyan Armen
Published: August 2024

Fiscal rules are restrictions on fiscal policy that governments impose by setting numerical restrictions on budget aggregates. The main reason why authorities introduce fiscal rules is the need to smooth out budget expenditures to ensure macroeconomic stability. In resource-rich countries fiscal rules are also designed to reduce the economy’s dependence on raw materials. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of fiscal rules and their effectiveness in achieving macroeconomic stability. The main conclusions from the literature are shown and our own analysis of the channels of influence of rules on the economy is carried out. It also demonstrates what features of fiscal rules exist in countries with rich natural resources and what rule designs these countries use. Finally, it analyzes recent rule trends and the risks to macroeconomic stability that countries may face if they do not fully return to rules after they are relaxed during the Covid-19 pandemic.
PERAN GURU DALAM MENSTIMULUS PERKEMBANGAN KOGNITIF ANAK USIA DINI DI TK DHARMA WANITA
Authors: Hotimah Raniyatul , Tsani Mutiara , Watin Suhela , Latif Muhammad Abdul
Published: August 2024

Early Childhood Education (ECE) plays a central role in shaping the foundational development of children from an early age, with a primary focus on the role of teachers. This research aims to systematically describe the learning approach and the role of teachers in stimulating cognitive development in children at TK Dharma Wanita Petiyintunggal. A descriptive research method is employed to illustrate the facts and characteristics of the research object. The results reveal that the learning approach in this kindergarten intensely emphasizes cognitive development, with teachers committed to fostering language skills, abstract thinking, and creativity through educational activities. The teacher's role involves designing effective teaching strategies, implementing developmentally appropriate teaching methods, and continuous efforts to enhance cognitive stimulation through collaboration and parental involvement. Teacher recommendations for improving training, integrating technology, and strengthening collaboration emerge as crucial steps in refining the cognitive stimulation approach for children in this kindergarten.
E-Ticaret ve Geleneksel Pazarlama Karşılaştırmasında Tüketicilerin Satın Alma Kararlarının Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Karatan Ömer , Sarıtaş Ahmet
Published: August 2024

İnternetin keşfi ile birlikte bilgi teknolojileri hızlı bir şekilde küreselleşmeye başlamıştır. Teknolojinin bu alanda hızlı bir şekilde gelişim göstermesi iş ve sosyal yaşamın şekillenmesinde önemli bir faktör olmuştur. Mağazaların dijitalleşmesi, dijital pazarlama ürünleri, e-ticaret pazarlamasının ortaya çıkması vb. gibi olayların sonucunda tüketicilerin satın alma davranışları da değişmeye başlamıştır. Günümüzde kişiler bilgisayar ve akıllı telefonlara kolaylıkla erişebilmekte olup, günlük yaşamlarına entegre edilmiştir. Bilgi ve iletişimin en önemli aracısı olan akıllı telefonlar insanların sürekli yanında taşıdığı bir araç haline gelmiştir. Bu nedenle de satıcı ve tüketici arasındaki engeller ortadan kalkmıştır. Bu araştırmada e-ticaret ve geleneksel pazarlama karşılaştırmasının yapılmasında tüketicilerin içgüdüsel satın alma kararlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri ‘’Pazarlama Araçları Ölçeği’’ ve ‘’İçgüdüsel Satın Alma Ölçeği’’ aracılığıyla Ankara ili Çankaya ilçesinde geleneksel ve e-ticaret alışverişi yapan 165 erkek, 257 kadın olmak üzere 422 kişiden elde edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda tüketicilerin içgüdüsel satın alma kararları değerlendirilerek, geleneksel ve e-ticaret pazarlamasının farklılıkları sunulmuştur.
BREAKDOWN OF DIRECT RELATION BETWEEN DENSITY SCALING EXPONENT OF ROTATIONAL DYNAMICS AND INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTION POTENTIAL FOR MOLECULAR SYSTEMS WITH PURELY REPULSIVE INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
Authors: Koperwas Kajetan , Paluch M.
Published: August 2024

The concept of density scaling, which perfectly works for many real van der Waals liquids and polymers, is examined for two quasi-real model systems to elucidate the origin of the density scaling exponent. Examined systems comprise the same purely repulsive atoms that interact via the potential of the inverse power law form that implies a perfect linear correlation between intermolecular virial and potential energy: the latter is expected to be a reason for the occurrence of the density scaling. However, the presented results indicate that the slope of that correlation does not correspond to the value of the density scaling exponent for the rotational dynamics. The proposed explanation of the problem focuses on the role of molecular anisotropy, meaning that, even for such simplified model systems, the effective intermolecular potential originating from all molecule’s atoms differs from the single atom–atom interaction potential. Consequently, we suggest that the density scaling exponent should refer to the complex, overall effective intermolecular potential; however, the weak point of this scenario is also pointed out.
Knowledge and Associated Factors Affecting the Use of Contraceptive Among Women Attending Two Selected Primary Health Care Centre in Ogun State
Authors: M. A. Efuniyi , O. A. Onasoga
Published: August 2024

Nigeria remains one of the countries in the world with high fertility rates, despite efforts to reduce high fertility rate by increasing use of contraceptives by women of childbearing age. This study assesses knowledge and factors affecting the use of contraceptives among women. A descriptive research design with convenient sampling techniques was used for the study. A self-structured questionnaire was used as an instrument for the study. A sample size of 204 women were selected as participants. Data collected was analysed using SPSS V20. Descriptive statistics (percentage) was used to analyse characteristics of respondents. Results revealed that 58% of the respondents have low knowledge of contraceptives, and that factors affecting use of contraceptives include distance to health facility (66.7%), lack of funds (62.7%), unavailability of contraceptives on appointment date (68.7%), and factors in their culture not supporting use of contraceptives (58.8%) and belief that family planning can lead to depopulation (72.6%). In conclusion, the majority of respondents have low knowledge of the use of contraceptives, and it is recommended that the Government develop targeted educational campaigns to increase awareness and promote informed decision-making regarding family planning.
The Impact of Exposure to Tobacco Marketing on Smoking Behavior among Commercial Motorcyclists in a Sub-Urban Nigerian Community
Authors: S. Tundealao , O. Alufa , A. Sajja , P. Okunlola , T. Titiloye
Published: August 2024

Exposure to tobacco advertising, promotion, and sponsorship (TAPS) has been associated with tobacco use. However, there has been a dearth of studies in Nigeria that have evaluated this association. This study evaluated the impact of TAPS exposure on smoking behavior among commercial motorcycle riders in Igboora community. A multi-staged cross-sectional study was used to recruit 255 commercial motorcycle riders in Igboora community using an interviewer-based questionnaire. TAPS factors associated with smoking were assessed using logistic regression. There were 138 ever-smokers and 117 never-smokers. Compared to the never smokers, ever smokers were more likely to have items with cigarette brand logo (aOR=2.36; p=0·003), watch sports or other events on TV where cigarette brand names were shown (aOR=2.56; p=0·002), see less anti-smoking messages on billboards (aOR=2.54; p=0·001), see cigarettes advertisement or promotion in newspapers and magazines (aOR=2.78; p=0·005), have been offered a free cigarette by a cigarette brand representative during tobacco promoting programs (OR=2.57; p=0·004). Our study result provided baseline information for the government to evaluate current TAPS regulatory efforts and guide future decision making.
Immanuel Kant, la Ilustración, el individuo y el Estado
Authors: Segovia Juan Fernando
Published: August 2024

El conocido ensayo de Immanuel Kant sobre la Ilustración es una suerte de pórtico que habilita el ingreso a su pensamiento moral, jurídico y político. El trabajo propone considerar la idea kantiana de la Ilustración en el cuadro de la Modernidad, para luego penetrar en algunas de sus ramificaciones: el uso público de la razón, la intersubjetividad racional, el contractualismo hipotético, el constitucionalismo, la república liberal y la libertad negativa o autonomía.
¿Puede una Constitución modificarse tácitamente?
Authors: Lagos Torres Alejandro
Published: August 2024

El clásico dilema de la jerarquía de los tratados internacionales dentro del ordenamiento jurídico chileno, dejando las argumentaciones basadas en lo semántico y en la literalidad de los textos, para abordar el asunto desde una perspectiva moderna enfocada en los problemas que pueden provocar las reformas constitucionales “tácitas”. Para esto estudiamos la teoría del bloque de constitucionalidad en el derecho comparado, con una especial mención al fenómeno del derecho de la Unión Europea, de manera que sea la experiencia quien nos ayude a resolver esta controversia.
"Crisis civilizatoria. Experiencias de los gobiernos progresistas y debates en la izquierda latinoamericana"
Authors: Segovia Juan Fernando
Published: August 2024

Edgardo Lander y Santiago Arconada Rodríguez (investigador asociado), Crisis civilizatoria. Experiencias de los gobiernos progresistas y debates en la izquierda latinoamericana, Guadalajara, Calas, 2019.
"Propiedad privada y libertad de empresa. Aspectos constitucionales y filosóficos"
Authors: Peña Torres Marisol
Published: August 2024

Julio Alvear Téllez, Propiedad privada y libertad de empresa. Aspectos constitucionales y filosóficos, Valencia, Editorial Tirant Lo Blanch, 2022.
PENGARUH WAKTU PERENDAMAN Ca(OH)2 DAN KONSENTRASI GULA TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK JELLY CANDY BUAH PALA
Authors: Adinda Sekar , Fahrizal Fahrizal , Hasni Dian
Published: August 2024

This research aims to see the effect of soaking nutmeg in a solution of whiting (Ca(OH)2) and the added sugar concentration on the characteristics of the jelly candy produced. This study used a factorial randomized block design (RAK) with 2 factors, namely the duration of soaking nutmeg flesh with lime solution (L) and sugar concentration (K). Factor 1, namely the duration of soaking with lime solution (L), consists of 3 levels, namely L1 (12 hours), L2 (24 hours), and L3 (36 hours). Factor 2, namely sugar concentration (K), consists of 3 levels, namely K1 60%, K2 80%, and K3 100% of the weight of nutmeg flesh. The results of the study showed that the duration of soaking in lime solution had a very significant effect on the water content, pH, reducing sugar, and astringent taste of the resulting nutmeg jelly candy. Sugar concentration has a very significant effect on reducing the soft texture of nutmeg jelly candy produced. The interaction of soaking time in lime solution and sugar concentration has a very significant effect on water content, reducing sugar, astringent taste, sweet taste, and soft texture of nutmeg jelly candy produced. Based on organoleptic value, the best treatment based on the ranking method, nutmeg fruit flesh soaked in lime solution for 12 hours and 100% sugar concentration (L1K3), is the best combination of treatments in making nutmeg jelly candy, which produces jelly candy with a water content of 21.90%, an ash content of 1.66%, pH 5.17, reducing sugar to 20.49%, and an and an organoleptic color (opaque appearance). 3.68 (neutral), shiny appearance 3.67 (neutral) aroma 3.67 (neutral), sweet taste 4.48 (neutral) astringent taste 4.68 (rather strong) soft texture 2.57 (rather weak) and chewy texture 3.58 (neutral).
Analysis of Multi-Oligopoly Games in the China’s Electricity Market
Authors: Mingxing Wu
Published: August 2024

The electric power industry plays a crucial role in modern societies, with its effective operation closely tied to economic progress and environmental sustainability. As the world's largest, China's electric power industry operates as an oligopoly. Understanding the dynamics of competition and cooperation among multiple oligopolies in this market is essential for optimizing the industry. This study employs the Cournot and Stackelberg models to analyze the complex interactions among electricity producers. The Cournot model results indicate that while cooperation among oligopolies can yield significant benefits, total market output during cooperative periods is lower than in a competitive environment, which is detrimental to consumers. The pursuit of higher profits, however, challenges the state of cooperation, as each oligopoly seeks to expand its market share, potentially leading to a Nash equilibrium. Even as the market sees an increase in smaller stakeholders due to advancements in renewable energy, the same findings apply under the leader-follower dynamics modeled by the Stackelberg model. These insights aim to inform decision-making processes for electricity producers and relevant government regulatory authorities to improve the industry’s resource allocation and foster sustainable growth. The simulation results indicate that marginal cost has a negative impact on the equilibrium generation amount, with power producers having lower marginal costs achieving higher equilibrium profits.
Perbandingan Kinerja Random Forest Dan Smote Random Forest Dalam Mendeteksi Dan Mengukur Tingkat Stres Pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir
Authors: Oktaviani Vionota , Rosmawarni Neny , Muslim M. Panji
Published: August 2024

Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari manusia, stres merupakan masalah nyata sehingga menjadi bagian yang tidak terpisahkan. Ketidaksiapan individu dalam menghadapi tuntutan akademis dapat mengakibatkan stres sebagai salah satu gangguan psikologis. Dalam hal ini, stres akademik merupakan stres yang dialami oleh mahasiswa, terutama mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Adanya banyak tekanan baik dari masalah ekonomi, akademik maupun kondisi sosial dapat menjadi pemicu stres bagi mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan diagnosa tingkat stress mahasiswa tingkat akhir dengan membandingkan kinerja yang terbaik antara Random Forest dengan SMOTE Random Forest. Data yang diolah dalam penelitian ini merupakan data yang dihasilkan oleh kuesioner yang berisi 14 pertanyaan yang ditujukan pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir yang sedang melaksanakan skripsi. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini, disimpulkan bahwasannya metode Random Forest dengan menggunakan SMOTE mampu mempengaruhi dan meningkatkan evaluasi klasifikasi studi kasus klasifikasi diagnosa mahasiswa tingkat akhir dengan akurasi sebesar 71%, precision sebesar 72% dan recall sebesar 71% pada pembagian 80% data latih, 20% data uji dengan nilai K=5.
Fattening of mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in a recirculating tank system with different salinities
Authors:   Faculty of Agricultural Economics, Ca Mau Community College, Ca Mau, Vietnam, Nguyen Bac V. ,   College of Agriculture, Bac Lieu University, Bac Lieu, Vietnam, Le Vu H. ,   Faculty of Education, Bac Lieu University, Bac Lieu, Vietnam, Cao Tuyen B.
Published: August 2024

Mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) is one of the important species for aquaculture. The experiment was conducted at Ca Mau Community College to develop a mud crab fattening process in a recirculating tank system and to diversify aquaculture models in the Mekong Delta. In this experiment, mud crabs were reared at different salinities of 5, 15, 25, and 35‰ with three replicates for each treatment. Early gravid female crabs were stocked at 20 individuals/m2 in 200 L tanks linked with biofilters. Mud crabs were fed with trash fish at 3% of body weight daily. After 33 days of rearing, the results showed that the survival rates of full-gravid crabs in the treatments with salinities of 5‰, 15‰, 25‰, and 35‰ were 54.3%, 64.8%, 95.8%, and 91.5%, respectively. The daily weight gain, specific growth rate & gonadosomatic index of crabs in treatments ranged from 0.51 - 0.60 g/day, 0.17 - 0.20%/day, and 7.67 - 8.87%, respectively. However, there were no significant differences in these parameters among treatments (P > 0.05). The ovary weight (from 19.33 to 28.67 g) and the ratio of weight of ovary to hepatopancreas (from 147.22 to 220.24%) of crabs among treatments increased significantly with culture time, but were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Generally, the present study revealed that mud crab fattening at the salinity of 25‰ gave the best profit. These findings significantly contribute to improving technical processes for fattening of mud crabs reared in recirculating systems.
Pengaruh Social Media Marketing, Product Knowledge terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Ramen melalui Minat Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Shifa Adelin Audya , Nurjanah Siti
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of social media marketing and product knowledge on purchase decisions of mika ramen kari with purchase intention as an intervening variable. There are four variables in this study, namely social media marketing, product knowledge, purchase decisions and purchase intention. This study uses quantitative methods using purposive sampling technique which is part of non-probability sampling. The questionnaire was distributed using google form with a sample of 180 respondents who were people who knew and had consumed mika ramen kari. The tests used in this research are validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, hypothesis test and path analysis test. The results showed that the variables of social media marketing and product knowledge had an effect on purchasing decisions and buying interest. But the buying interest variable as an intervening variable does not mediate between the independent variable and the dependent variable.
Pengaruh Rebranding dan Bauran Pemasaran Terhadap Kepuasan yang Berdampak pada Loyalitas Konsumen Mako
Authors: Lestari Julianita , Meliana Vina
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the effect of rebranding and marketing mix on satisfaction which has an impact on Mako Cake and bakery consumer loyalty. This research uses nonprobability with purposive sampling technique and survey method with quantitative approach. The sample in this study were consumers who knew Mako Cake and bakery or who had bought Mako Cake and bakery products in Jabodetabek with a minimum age of 17 years and had a total of 170 samples. The results of this study indicate that rebranding affects satisfaction, marketing mix affects satisfaction, satisfaction affects consumer loyalty, rebranding and marketing mix together affect satisfaction.
La indignidad para suceder del progenitor que no prestó alimentos: propuesta de lege ferenda
Authors: Calzadilla Medina María Aránzazu
Published: August 2024

El Código Civil español dispone que se puede desheredar al progenitor que, sin motivolegítimo, no suministró alimentos a sus hijos debiendo hacerlo. El fundamento de estaprevisión legal se encuentra en una cuestión de justicia material. En este trabajo sereflexiona sobre dicha medida desde la perspectiva de los derechos del alimentista ydel progenitor que asume la totalidad de los gastos en solitario −normalmente mujer−,para concluir que, de lege ferenda, debe preverse esta situación como una causa deindignidad.
Solidaridad familiar, deber de cuidado del adulto mayor y atribuciones y privaciones sucesorias en el derecho chileno
Authors: Espada Mallorquín Susana
Published: August 2024

El presente artículo aborda tres objetivos centrales. El primero, demostrar la relevanciade las diversas aproximaciones disciplinarias del término solidaridad para precisar losefectos jurídicos del principio de solidaridad familiar en el ámbito sucesorio. El segundo,determinar la existencia de un deber de cuidado de los adultos mayores en elordenamiento chileno y cómo este deber se relaciona con la solidaridad familiar y conlas consecuencias de su incumplimiento. Y el tercero, analizar las principalesconsecuencias jurídicas que en el ámbito sucesorio tendría el incumplimiento del deberde cuidado de los adultos mayores tanto en las sucesiones testadas como en lasintestadas.
Colorectal cancer: Recent advances in management and treatment
Authors: Fadlallah Hiba , El Masri Jad , Fakhereddine Hiam , Youssef Joe , Chemaly Chrystelle , Doughan Samer , Abou-Kheir Wassim
Published: August 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the second most common cause of cancer-related death. In 2020, the estimated number of deaths due to CRC was approximately 930000, accounting for 10% of all cancer deaths worldwide. Accordingly, there is a vast amount of ongoing research aiming to find new and improved treatment modalities for CRC that can potentially increase survival and decrease overall morbidity and mortality. Current management strategies for CRC include surgical procedures for resectable cases, and radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, in addition to their combination, for non-resectable tumors. Despite these options, CRC remains incurable in 50% of cases. Nonetheless, significant improvements in research techniques have allowed for treatment approaches for CRC to be frequently updated, leading to the availability of new drugs and therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes the most recent therapeutic approaches for CRC, with special emphasis on new strategies that are currently being studied and have great potential to improve the prognosis and lifespan of patients with CRC.
Anti-inflammatory effects of Tao Hong Si Wu Tang in mice with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Wang Guo-Li , Xu Yan-Ling , Zhao Ke-Ming , Sui Ai-Feng , Wang Li-Na , Deng Hu , Wang Ge
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Lung cancer (LC) combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common combination of comorbidities. Anti-inflammation and modulation of oxidative/antioxidative imbalance may prevent COPD-induced LC, and are also crucial to the treatment of LC combined with COPD. Modern studies have shown that Tao Hong Si Wu Tang (THSW) has vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-fatigue, anti-shock, immunoregulatory, lipid-reducing, micronutrient-supplementing, and anti-allergy effects.

AIM

To observe the effects of THSW on COPD and LC in mice.

METHODS

A total of 100 specific pathogen-free C57/BL6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: Blank control group (group A), model control group (group B), THSW group (group C), IL-6 group (group D), and THSW + IL-6 group (group E), with 20 mice in each group. A COPD mouse model was established using fumigation plus lipopolysaccharide intra-airway drip, and an LC model was replicated by in situ inoculation using the Lewis cell method.

RESULTS

The blank control group exhibited a clear alveolar structure. The model control and IL-6 groups had thickened alveolar walls, with smaller alveolar lumens, interstitial edema, and several inflammatory infiltrating cells. Histopathological changes in the lungs of the THSW and THSW + IL-6 groups were less than those of the model control group. The serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels and IL-6R, JAK, p-JAK, STAT1/3, p-STAT1/3, FOXO, p-FOXO, and IL-7R expression levels in lung tissues of mice in the rest of the groups were significantly higher than those of the blank control group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model control group, the IL-6 group demonstrated significantly higher levels for the abovementioned proteins in the serum and lung tissues (P < 0.01), and the THSW group had significantly higher serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels and IL-7R expression levels in lung tissues (P < 0.01) but significantly decreased IL-6R, JAK, p-JAK, STAT1/3, p-STAT1/3, FOXO, p-FOXO, and IL-7R levels (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

THSW reduces the serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in the mouse model with anti-inflammatory effects. Its anti-inflammatory mechanism lies in inhibiting the overactivation of the JAK/STAT1/3 signaling pathway.
Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal maxillofacial teratoma: Two case reports
Authors: Gao Chuan-Fen , Zhou Pei , Zhang Chen
Published: August 2024

BACKGROUND

Facial teratoma is a rare benign tumor that accounts for about 1.6% of all teratomas and can be diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound (US). The purpose of this report was to describe our experience with the diagnosis of fetal facial teratoma by prenatal US at second trimester to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis of fetal maxillofacial teratoma.

CASE SUMMARY

We present two cases of patients with abnormal fetal facial findings on US at second trimester of pregnancy in our department. Case 1 was a 31-year-old G3 P1 + 1 female, with US revealing a heterogeneous echogenicity of 32 mm × 20 mm × 31 mm on the fetal face, most of it located outside the oral cavity and filling the root of the oral cavity. Case 2 was a 29-year-old G1P0 female, with fetal head and neck US revealing a cystic-solid echo mass measuring 42 mm × 33 mm × 44 mm, the upper edge of the lesion reaching the palate and filling the oral cavity. The contours of the lesions were visualized using three-dimensional (3D) US imaging. Both patients decided to give up treatment. Biopsies of the lesions were performed after induction of labor, and diagnosed as maxillofacial teratoma.

CONCLUSION

Fetal maxillofacial teratomas can be diagnosed by US in early pregnancy, allowing parents to expedite treatment decisions.
Exploring the impact of school heads’ supervisory skills on teacher self-efficacy: A mixed-methods study
Authors:   Dayap National Integrated High School, Esllera Rey Anthony , Escala Elmer ,   Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng San Pablo
Published: August 2024

This study utilized an explanatory sequential research design to explore the relationship between school heads’ supervisory skills and public school teachers’ self-efficacy in one of the districts in Laguna, Philippines. It investigated how the supervision skills of school administrators impact teachers’ self-efficacy using adopted survey questionnaires. The study utilized a non-probability quota sampling with a total respondent of 141 teachers while data were analyzed using Spearman rank rho. On the other hand, eight teachers were interviewed to explain the quantitative results. The study’s findings revealed that feedback provision had no significant relationship with teacher self-efficacy. However, several variables, such as instructional leadership, communication, support mechanisms, and fostering a positive work environment, were positively correlated with self-efficacy. These results highlighted the importance of effective leadership practices in enhancing teacher self-efficacy, which may uplift the country’s education quality. While this study provides valuable insights into the relationship between school heads’ supervisory skills and teacher self-efficacy, its findings may be limited in generalizability due to the specific context of the district. Thus, further research is needed to enhance the generalizability and robustness of the findings. It is recommended to increase the sample size by including more teachers from diverse regions, making the findings more applicable to a broader range of educational contexts.
Revisiting management of high school teachers during Covid-19: Implication for leadership contingency
Authors:   University of South Africa, Lukhele Simanga Phillip , Lebeloane LDM ,   University of South Africa
Published: August 2024

The period of Covid-19 outbreak led to the interruption of normal school functionality due to unprecedented turmoil in the management of high school subject teachers worldwide. The unexpected increase in the number of teachers who were directly or indirectly affected and infected during the pandemic brought hesitation to school principals on the appropriate crisis management approach. Thus, this study aims to revisit the management of high school subject teachers during Covid-19 at the Ubombo Circuit Management Cluster in South Africa. Using a case study design, a qualitative telephone semi-structured interview was conducted to gather data. This study finds that the chaos brought by the Covid-19 pandemic in the Kwa-Zulu Natal Department of Education was too sudden that nobody was initially trained to face its impact both in teaching and management. As a result, there was no concrete action plan and crisis management strategies the school principals followed in handling high school subject teachers. During the height of the pandemic, most of Ubombo Circuit Management Cluster school principals creatively attempted various management strategies that they believed would cater for their schools. Hence, this study finds it necessary for the Department of Education to develop policies to equip school principals with necessary skills and knowledge to face future contingencies.