bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIMENSOES CULTURAIS E NARRATIVAS DOS FILMES DE CRIME LATINO-AMERICANOS DO INICIO DO SECULO XX
Authors: Bragança Mauricio De
Published: January 2019

A relação entre primeiro cinema e cotidianidade se expressa, em parte, num importante registro das primeiras décadas do cinematógrafo: os filmes relacionados aos crimes. Muitos dos acontecimentos recorrentes das páginas policiais dos jornais acabavam transformando-se em narrativas cinematográficas, sustentadas pelo imaginário espetacularizado desses crimes junto ao grande público. Este tipo de narrativa, na qual se misturam o documental e o ficcional, é recorrente na cinematografia silenciosa latino-americana. Neste artigo, pretendemos pensar estas narrativas de crime de forma complexa, plural e dialógica, ressaltando os aspectos culturais que suportaram tais produções.
COMUNICAÇÃO E ESTRATÉGIAS DE CONSUMO NO CONTEXTO DAS WEARABLE TECHNOLOGIES
Authors: Mastrocola Vicente Martin
Published: January 2019

Tendo em vista a centralidade das relações entre comunicação, consumo e tecnologia na contemporaneidade, este artigo examina determinados dispositivos digitais que potencialmente se hibridizam ao corpo humano e que se situam na categoria das wearable technologies. Discutimos como a orquestração de diversos objetos sociotécnicos está reconfigurando o cotidiano e gerando novas possibilidades para pensarmos as materialidades da comunicação e as retóricas do consumo. Neste trabalho, não nos atemos a um device específico; procuramos refletir de maneira ampla sobre diferentes exemplos de integrações entre humano e não-humano, ponderando, mais especificamente, sobre como esse tipo de tecnologia pode servir estrategicamente para relações entre marcas/empresas e seus consumidores.
CABO VERDE: A ROTA AFRICANA DE FLORA TRISTAN
Authors: Amarante Maria Inês
Published: January 2019

Este trabalho, fruto de pesquisa pós-doutoral em curso, contempla a passagem de Flora Tristan por Cabo Verde em 1833, o contexto histórico local e apresenta uma análise dos relatos memoriais da escritora, de cunho jornalístico e literário, do capítulo La Praya de sua obra autobiográfica Peregrinações de uma pária. Durante a travessia marítima que a levaria ao Peru, o navio em que viajava faz uma escala forçada na cidade da Praia, então sob o domínio colonial e escravocrata português. As cenas de violência e miséria que nunca dantes presenciara despertam a sensibilidade de Flora, que expressa sua revolta contra a exploração humana, sobretudo de mulheres, em seu livro. O tema será recorrente nos relatos de viagens que escreveria tempos depois.
REVISTAS FEMININAS NOS SITES DE REDES SOCIAIS DIGITAIS: ANÁLISE DO CONTEÚDO PUBLICADO E ESTRATÉGIAS DE COMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: Ghisleni Taís Steffenello , Moreira Letícia Rodrigues
Published: January 2019

O presente artigo reflete a respeito de como as revistas femininas se apresentam e se comunicam com seu target, por meio do Twitter. Este estudo foi construído por meio das percepções de Sodré (2002) e Fausto Neto (2005), no que se refere à midiatização. O corpus de análise constituiu-se das revistas Nova Cosmopolitan e TPM, em uma semana composta, percebido pela análise de conteúdo, via tabela qualiquantitativa, e evidenciou a presença digital como uma estratégia comunicacional.
Anatomia do lenho de Cestrum strigilatum (Solanaceae)
Authors: Xavier Matheus , Machado Paulo Fernando Dos Santos , Marchiori José Newton Cardoso
Published: January 2019

São presentemente descritos os caracteres microscópicos do lenho de Cestrum strigilatum, com base em amostra procedente do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Na estrutura anatômica, salientam-se: a ausência de parênquima axial, fibras septadas apenas junto aos vasos e fibras não septadas no restante do lenho, e pontoações simples alongadas pelo lado do parênquima radial, subtendendo, comumente, duas pontoaçõesareoladas de vaso.
“Stanislavski es Stalin”: teatro, experimentación y política en la última dictadura militar argentina (1976-1983)
Authors: Manduca Ramiro Alejandro
Published: January 2019

En el año 1975, el Partido Socialista de los Trabajadores (PST) de orientación trotskista, había pasado a la clandestinidad y parte de su dirección se había exiliado en Colombia. Hacia 1977 y ya bajó la dictadura militar un grupo cercano al partido, que sostuvo vínculos aún en esas condiciones, conformó el Taller de Investigaciones Teatrales (TIT). En este trabajo se analizarán documentos internos de la organización para pensar de qué forma se fue gestando orgánicamente el trabajo partidario en el sector teatral, indagando en el carácter experimental de sus estéticas, al tiempo que se buscará dar cuenta de las tensiones y distintas concepciones acerca del vínculo de las grupalidades teatrales con el partido. Para esto último, se sumarán a los documentos ya nombrados entrevistas realizadas a algunos miembros de ellas.
Beau Geste Press: a liminal communitas across the new avant-garde
Authors: Pujol Duran Jèssica
Published: January 2019

In this article I will examine how a few Latin American avant-garde artists and poets in exile became part of Fluxus, an international constellation of artists whose ideas revitalised the concept of the avant-garde after the war. This constellation became an active collaboration  through the makings of the Beau Geste Press, founded in Devon (UK) in 1971 and active until 1976. The press, co-founded by Felipe Ehrenberg, Martha Hellion and David Mayor, not only published and disseminated the work of Cecilia Vicuña, Ulises Carrión, Claudio Bertoni, and Ehrenberg himself, but also operated as “a community of duplicators, printers and craftsmen” that replaced the concept of individual creation with a practice of communal production. I will refer to Victor Turner’s concept of liminality to contend that the Beau Geste Press, which represented the beginning and end of this communitas, developed in a space that was liminal on different levels: at the level of the subjective experience of exile; of artistic production, which can be inferred from their emphasis on procedural techniques over finished artistic products; and at the level of language, because they are Spanish-speaking authors in England, who turn that potential problem into hybrid forms.
Campo literario y reconstrucción democrática. Dos poéticas estratégicas y una interpelación en la poesía chilena
Authors: Picornell Mercè
Published: January 2019

Este artículo se enmarca en el estudio de las transformaciones que ocurren en aquellos sectores del campo literario implicados en procesos de reconstrucción democrática. Más en concreto, se estudian las relaciones entre estrategias poéticas y políticas que se pueden constatar en el contexto chileno de la primera década de dictadura, un período cuyo inicio se sitúa en el golpe de estado militar del 11 de septiembre de 1973, que marcará una fractura política y también simbólica que será objeto de diferentes representaciones creativas y críticas. Se propone un acercamiento breve a dos estrategias opuestas de intervención: la que pretende restablecer vínculos de continuidad a partir de las antologías y la que propone sensibilizar a partir de la escenificación pública de la misma fractura desde lo experimental. En tercer lugar, el artículo se cierra con la mención de un modelo alternativo y menos visible de poética política, y es el referido a la interpelación del receptor. Son estrategias contradictorias pero que conviven en la  poesía chilena del período y permiten reflexionar sobre las fisuras de la atribución política sobre lo poético.
El Grupo Rompente (1975-1983). Un viaje inesperado por la Transición en el campo literario gallego
Authors: Valverde Otero Alberto
Published: January 2019

Con este trabajo presentamos una introducción al grupo poético Rompente
(1975-1983). A partir de una contextualización del campo literario gallego de la Transición,
pretendemos entender cómo se crea un colectivo de poetas y su evolución en el tiempo. Bajo una
perspectiva historiográfica, analizamos sus dos diferentes fases: Grupo de Resistencia Poética
(1975-1977) y Grupo de Comunicación Poética (1978-1983). Esta cala nos funciona como
elemento vertebrador a la hora de describir un campo literario en profundo cambio entre el
franquismo y la monarquía parlamentaria. En un tercer lugar, analizamos cómo fue recibido el
grupo por parte de los agentes contemporáneos y años después. La metodología de trabajo será
la que transita por la sociología de la literatura, pues se pretende analizar una plataforma colectiva
(Rompente) para, a la vez, observar los lazos de unión que establece con otros campos artísticos
–especialmente el plástico y musical– y estudiar cómo se ocupa un espacio concreto en el campo
y en la esfera pública.
El mito universal. Reconstrucción y deconstrucción de la identidad indígena en “Relatos de El Viejo Antonio” del Subcomandante Marcos
Authors: Baxmeyer Martin
Published: January 2019

Esta contribución propone analizar el uso y la función política de los mitos en “Relatos de El Viejo Antonio” de Subcomandante Insurgente Marcos. Concentrándose en los motivos míticos de la lluvia y la actividad de fumar (ambos muy importantes en los “Relatos”) va a ilustrar que Marcos tanto utiliza tradiciones mitológicas de la cultura indígina como narraciones mitológicas de la tradición clásica europea a fin de crear un nuevo lenguaje mítica transnacional. Los Zapatistas proponen este lenguaje como alternativa al discurso tecnocrático y excluyente de nuestros días. Al mismo tiempo, la conversión mitológica de Marcos deconstruye y reconstruye conceptos tradicionales de la identidad indígena en México y los abre para la idea de una comunicación libre y global, reafirmando al mismo tiempo su gran valor para una sociedad futura.
Autoficción, historia y mito en la narrativa del subcomandante Marcos
Authors: Létocart Araujo Mélanie , Létocart Araujo Mélanie
Published: January 2019

En 1994, el levantamiento del EZLN en México significó un acontecimiento no sólo político y militar sino también discursivo. En este trabajo, analizo cómo en el discurso elaborado por el subcomandante Marcos – jefe militar y portavoz del EZLN- se entrelazan dimensiones históricas factuales con relatos nacidos de su pluma. La escritura de Marcos plantea una problemática específica, ya que éste escribió desde la acción y la urgencia del tiempo histórico vivido. Delante de tales circunstancias de escritura, resulta estimulante interrogar las modalidades de transición entre la memoria viva y la representación textual y ver a partir de qué géneros y artificios retóricos se pone en imagen el tiempo histórico.
Reflejos globales del éxito comunicativo y político del zapatismo. De Estados Unidos a Rusia pasado por Bélgica o Kurdistán
Authors: Lario Bastida Manuel
Published: January 2019

El éxito comunicativo global del zapatismo explica la enorme influencia y simpatía que este movimiento social alcanzó en la década de los noventa. Desde entonces, se puede afirmar que encontramos resonancias zapatistas más allá de las fronteras mexicanas, en los cinco continentes, convirtiéndose en uno de los referentes globales para el movimiento antiglobalización de cambio de siglo o del movimiento global de la indignación de 2011. Pese a las varias décadas transcurridas desde su irrupción y la pérdida de la novedad que supone, lo que explica su menor presencia mediática, su influencia sigue siendo importante y rastreable en múltiples movimientos e iniciativas sociales globales. Una muestra son los cuatro casos de reflejos y prácticas, desde Estados Unidos a Rusia, Bélgica o Kurdistán, que este artículo analiza. Dicho éxito se debe a su flexibilidad política y su no alineamiento en las ideologías izquierdistas preexistentes, unidos a un muy eficaz y original repertorio de movilización popular y al desarrollo de diversas iniciativas culturales alternativas.
La identidad Neozapatista como proceso comunicativo
Authors: Bellido Federico
Published: January 2019

Este artículo estudia la palabra y la acción política zapatista, estimándolas como prácticas comunicativas que se articulan entre una pluralidad de usos y matrices culturales en lo que ha venido a conformarse como sujeto social Neozapatista. Inicialmente se repasan los aspectos discursivos de los comunicados zapatistas, sus estrategias narrativas, claves de representación y condiciones de reproducción. En segundo lugar, se hace hincapié en el estudio sistemático de su caminar político-mediático a lo largo de su ya prolongada historia, pasando revista a las convenciones, los encuentros y demás acciones e iniciativas políticas zapatistas. Los resultados ofrecen una panorámica sobre la construcción identitaria de un sujeto social de naturaleza polisémica que se fragua a sí mismo al calor de un proceso comunicativo que incumbe a una amplia pluralidad de grupos e individuos de diversa índole.
Cuerpos, mujeres y embarazo en imágenes online. Fotografías en álbumes privados y en campañas del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación en Argentina
Authors: Schwarz Patricia Karina Natalia
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar entrevistas realizadas a 30 mujeres de 21 a 40 años de edad de sectores socioeconómicos medios y bajos y un corpus de sus fotografías publicadas online durante el proceso de su embarazo, poniéndolo en diálogo con las fotografías online del Ministerio de Salud de la Nación de campañas de cuidados de salud en el embarazo en Argentina. Nos interesa analizar ese recorte de la realidad, ese lugar donde se quiere echar luz, que implica la fotografía; sobre todo para poder identificar, analizar y comprender lo que se dejó afuera de ese recorte, lo que se intenta invisibilizar. Nuestros hallazgos dan cuenta de un proceso de fragmentación y jerarquización del cuerpo materno –privilegiando al sujeto en el vientre- respecto del sujeto mujer que lo gesta-, así como también de la hegemonía de la individuación de la responsabilidad de cuidados en el embarazo; es decir, la hegemonía de los valores patriarcales e individualistas modernos y neoliberales.
El discurso zapatista después de Marcos: de la ficción a la realidad o al revés
Authors: Ansotegui Elena
Published: January 2019

Este artículo quiere analizar uno de los últimos comunicados que el Subcomandante Insurgente Galeano, antes Marcos, ha hecho público a fines de diciembre del 2017 durante la celebración del II encuentro “ConCiencias por la Humanidad” titulado “Trump, la navaja de Ockham, el gato de Schrodinger y el gato-perro”. La intención del análisis es constatar que el movimiento zapatista ha ido transformado su estrategia política en los últimos tres años, precisamente desde que el otrora Marcos realizase un relevo simbólico de su puesto como portavoz. La hipótesis de este artículo es que desde que Marcos es Galeano el zapatismo ha intentado constituir una nueva identidad basada en la necesidad de globalizar una lucha antisistema que afecta a un nuevo actor social: la humanidad en su conjunto. A través del uso de conceptos como “exotopía”, “significante vacío” o “tercer espacio”, basados en el trabajo de Bajtín, Laclau y Bhabha respectivamente se propone que este nuevo actor social está representado por la mujer, Marichuy, desde el campo de lucha político y el personaje de ficción Defensa Zapatista, desde el ético/estético.
Experimentación poética y contracultura en contextos dictatoriales ibéricos y latinoamericanos: (1960-1990): colectivos, acciones y reacciones
Authors: Picornell Mercè , Parra Moyà Maria Victòria
Published: January 2019

Presentación dossier.
Una cata de 'Sopa de letras' (1976)
Authors: Parra Moyà Maria Victòria
Published: January 2019

Antología de poesía experimental
Tariffing in Integrated Passenger Transport Systems: A Literature Review
Authors: Šipuš Denis , Abramović Borna
Published: January 2019

Designing tariff systems in public passenger transport is a complex issue of optimization by means of satisfying the wants and needs of all the engaged parties. An integrated passenger transport system (IPTS) stands for the concept of organization and management of public passenger transport based on a uniform tariff system. The issue of transport disadvantage of certain peri-urban and rural areas is the result of poorly organized transport systems. Social and spatial isolation in the framework of mobility is partly the fault of the way in which tariff systems have been designed with no regard to the social factors of the engaged parties for which such systems are designed – its users. Special emphasis in the research of tariff systems is placed on resolving issues of designing tariff zones, maximizing social welfare, transport equity, and transport disadvantage. An outline of the existing research and a review of literature concerning tariffs in integrated passenger transport systems is given, and proposals are put forward for future research due to the need for designing socially beneficial tariff systems, which would eliminate social exclusion, i.e., the transport disadvantage of individuals or parts of society.
Crystal structure of a natural light-gated anion channelrhodopsin
Authors: Li Hai , Huang Chia-Ying , Govorunova Elena G , Schafer Christopher T , Sineshchekov Oleg A , Wang Meitian , Zheng Lei , Spudich John L
Published: January 2019

The anion channelrhodopsin GtACR1 from the alga Guillardia theta is a potent neuron-inhibiting optogenetics tool. Presented here, its X-ray structure at 2.9 Å reveals a tunnel traversing the protein from its extracellular surface to a large cytoplasmic cavity. The tunnel is lined primarily by small polar and aliphatic residues essential for anion conductance. A disulfide-immobilized extracellular cap facilitates channel closing and the ion path is blocked mid-membrane by its photoactive retinylidene chromophore and further by a cytoplasmic side constriction. The structure also reveals a novel photoactive site configuration that maintains the retinylidene Schiff base protonated when the channel is open. These findings suggest a new channelrhodopsin mechanism, in which the Schiff base not only controls gating, but also serves as a direct mediator for anion flux.
How bacteria arrange their organelles
Authors: Mauriello Emilia
Published: January 2019

The structures responsible for photosynthesis in bacteria use the nucleoid and two unique proteins as a scaffold to position themselves.
Machine learning with remote sensing data to locate uncontacted indigenous villages in Amazonia
Authors: Walker Robert S. , Hamilton Marcus J.
Published: January 2019

Background

The world’s last uncontacted indigenous societies in Amazonia have only intermittent and often hostile interactions with the outside world. Knowledge of their locations is essential for urgent protection efforts, but their extreme isolation, small populations, and semi-nomadic lifestyles make this a challenging task.

Methods

Remote sensing technology with Landsat satellite sensors is a non-invasive methodology to track isolated indigenous populations through time. However, the small-scale nature of the deforestation signature left by uncontacted populations clearing villages and gardens has similarities to those made by contacted indigenous villages. Both contacted and uncontacted indigenous populations often live in proximity to one another making it difficult to distinguish the two in satellite imagery. Here we use machine learning techniques applied to remote sensing data with a training dataset of 500 contacted and 25 uncontacted villages.

Results

Uncontacted villages generally have smaller cleared areas, reside at higher elevations, and are farther from populated places and satellite-detected lights at night. A random forest algorithm with an optimally-tuned detection cutoff has a leave-one-out cross-validated sensitivity and specificity of over 98%. A grid search around known uncontacted villages led us to identify three previously-unknown villages using predictions from the random forest model. Our efforts can improve policies toward isolated populations by providing better near real-time knowledge of their locations and movements in relation to encroaching loggers, settlers, and other external threats to their survival.
Inhibition of MEK1/2 and GSK3 (2i system) affects blastocyst quality and early differentiation of porcine parthenotes
Authors: Kwon Jeongwoo , Li Ying-Hua , Jo Yu-Jin , Oh YoungJin , Namgoong Suk , Kim Nam-Hyung
Published: January 2019

Inhibition of both MEK1/2 and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3; 2i system) facilitates the maintenance of naïve stemness for embryonic stem cells in various mammalian species. However, the effect of the inhibition of the 2i system on porcine early embryogenesis is unknown. We investigated the effect of the 2i system on early embryo development, expression of pluripotency-related genes, and epigenetic modifications. Inhibition of MEK1/2 (by PD0325901) and/or GSK3 (by CHIR99021) did not alter the developmental potential of porcine parthenogenetic embryos, but improved blastocyst quality, as judged by the blastocyst cell number, diameter, and reduction in the number of apoptotic cells. The expression levels of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 and SOX2, the primary transcription factors that maintain embryonic pluripotency, were significantly increased by 2i treatments. Epigenetic modification-related gene expression was altered upon 2i treatment. The collective results indicate that the 2i system in porcine embryos improved embryo developmental potential and blastocyst quality by regulating epigenetic modifications and pluripotency-related gene expression.
Diversity analysis of the rhizospheric and endophytic bacterial communities of Senecio vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) in an invasive range
Authors: Cheng Dandan , Tian Zhongsai , Feng Liang , Xu Lin , Wang Hongmei
Published: January 2019

Increasing evidence has confirmed the importance of plant-associated bacteria for plant growth and productivity, and thus it is hypothesized that interactions between bacteria and alien plants might play an important role in plant invasions. However, the diversity of the bacterial communities associated with invasive plants is poorly understood. We therefore investigated the diversity of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria associated with the invasive annual plant Senecio vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) based on 16S rRNA gene data obtained from 57 samples of four Senecio vulgaris populations in a subtropical mountainous area in central China. Significant differences in diversity were observed between plant compartments. Specifically, the rhizosphere harbored many more bacterial operational taxonomic units and showed higher alpha diversity than the leaf and root endospheres. The relative abundance profiles of the bacterial community composition differed substantially between the compartments and populations, especially at the phylum and family levels. However, the top five phyla (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria) accounted for more than 90% of all the bacterial communities. Moreover, similar endophytic communities with a shared core set of bacteria were observed from different Senecio vulgaris populations. Heavy-metal-resistant, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (Brevundimonas diminuta), nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rhizobium leguminosarum), and cold-resistant bacteria (Exiguobacterium sibiricum) were present in the endosphere at relatively high abundance. This study, which reveals the structure of bacterial communities and their putative function in invasive Senecio vulgaris plants, is the first step in investigating the role of plant–bacteria interactions in the invasion of this species in China.
Influence of an educational review sheet on chiropractic students' evaluation and management coding performance: A randomized trial
Authors: Sergent Adam , Roecker Christopher B. , Cofano Greg
Published: January 2019

Objective:

To evaluate whether an educational worksheet would influence the accuracy of simulated evaluation and management (E/M) coding among students in a doctor of chiropractic program.

Methods:

An educational worksheet was developed as well as a test and survey involving simulated patient scenarios. Two groups were analyzed in this project. All members of the intervention group received the educational worksheet and were able to use it while completing their E/M coding test and survey; the control group completed their E/M coding test and survey without the educational worksheet. The E/M coding test and survey were scored for each group; the mean group scores were evaluated, and between group differences were analyzed using a 2-tailed t test.

Results:

The intervention group recorded significantly higher scores (p < .001) on the E/M coding test and survey.

Conclusion:

Doctor of chiropractic students who were provided with an E/M educational worksheet had fewer errors on a simulated E/M coding test and survey.
Vibration control method for a crawler-type combine harvester
Authors: Zhang Xueliang
Published: January 2019

The traditional vibration control method for the crawler-type combine harvester based on experience is only a small piece of weight iron added to the main drive shaft of the cutter,and the mass of the weight iron is determined by the technician with experience, so the vibration control effect is not obvious. Therefore, a vibration control method for the new crawler-type combined harvester is put forward in this paper. The engine and cutting structure are the main sources of the crawler-type combine. According to the force analysis results of the cutting structure and the results of structural dynamics analysis, each acting force and moment of force are obtained, and the optimal combination scheme for calculating the position and mass of weight distribution is calculated to solve the cutting structure’s vibration of the crawler-type combine harvester. According to the vibration theory and modern design method, the vibration control of the crawler-type combine harvester engine is realized through the model analysis and the finite element calculation to establish the vibration damping model and design the parameters of the damping cushion. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the vibration status of crawler-type combine harvesters, and the vibration level of harvesters is reduced by 50% to 80% in field operation.
Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Stomatal Conductance of Ten Sugarcane Varieties under Waterlogging and Fluctuation Light Intensity
Authors: Intan Ratna Dewi, Muhamad Kadapi Mochamad Arief Soleh, Mira Ariyanti,
Published: January 2019

Under natural conditions, plants are often subjected to waterlogging due to poor soil drainage and or exessive rainfall. This condition leads to reduced maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (fv/fm) under suboptimal growing system. Under well-watered conditions (WW), the fv/fm of ten varieties of sugarcane were maintained at more than 0.78. However, following waterlogging for 4 days and a constant light of 3000 mmolmol-1 for 60s, the fv/fm of ten varieties of sugarcene varied from 0.587 in PS882 (V4) to 0.740 in GMP2 (V9). Meanwhile, under fluctuating light intensity from dark to highlight of 1600 mmolmol-1, the fv/fm of all varieties decreased to below of 0.1 except in the genotype PSJK922 (V5) at 28 DAT (day after treatment) of waterlogging. This difference was then further examined through measurements of stomatal conductance (gs) among the varieties. There was negative correllation between fv/fm and stomatal conductance, high gs was not associated with lower fv/fm. Dendrogam analyses showed the variety of PS881 (V1), PS864 (V3) and Kidang Kencana (KK) were highly sensitive to waterlogging. These results suggest potential screening of plants based on improve fv/fm under abiotic condition.
Agricultural soils strengthening employing humic acids and its effect on plant growth chilli pepper and eggplant
Authors: Castillo Fredy Colpas- , Dunoyer Arnulfo Tarón , Camargo Jairo Mercado
Published: January 2019

The Humic substance has been recognized widely as a plant growth promoter because they induce changes in root, architecture and dynamics of growth which result in larger root size. The aim of this study was evaluating the effect Humic acids on the chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) and eggplant (Solanum melongena) plants growing in soils fertilized with urea. 200 g of soil were incorporated to the fertilizer once and the Humic acid in concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%. All measurements growths were carried out during 45 days growth. The finding shows that all treatments cause significant increases (p < 0.05) in the total area of roots. For the chili pepper, the multiple comparison tests of Tukey and Dunnett showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the control soils and the soils containing 0.1% and 0.2% of Humic acid. By the opposite, no statistical differences (p > 0.05) were observed among control soil and those containing 0.05 % of Humic acid. Concerning the eggplant, significant differences were established (p<0.05) between the control and samples incorporated with 0.1% and 0.2% of Humic acid. The Humic acids act as a growth biostimulant in chili pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) and eggplant (Solanum melongena).
Rhamnogalacturonan lyase: a pectin modification enzyme of higher plants
Authors: Guillermo Berumen-Varela Verónica-Alhelí Ochoa-Jiménez, , Martín-Ernesto Tiznado-Hernández Rigel Fernández-Valle
Published: January 2019

Plant cell wall is constituted by three main polysaccharides: cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. The principal pectin domains comprise homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) and ramnogalacturonan II. Rhamnogalacturonan lyase (RGL) enzyme is capable of catalyzing the degradation of the RG-I backbone by a b-elimination mechanism. RGL enzyme have been studied in fungi and bacteria species, however, little data is available related with its function in plant biology. This review tries to fill the gaps on the knowledge about RGL enzyme. Here, we discuss our recent published work regarding the role of RGL in plants. In addition, we highlight results from different sequence analysis, RGL activity and function associated with plant development and fruit ripening, as well as its role in cell wall structure. The knowledge of this enzyme is essential to comprehend and elucidate its role in plant and fruit physiology.
Factors affecting the productivity and the efficiency at weaning of hair ewes in a dry tropical environment
Authors: Monforte Juan Gabriel Magaña- , Nasrat Mahmoud Mohamed , R. Aké-López, José C. Segura-Correa Rubén Cornelio Montes-Pérez, Jesús
Published: January 2019

The aim of the study was to evaluate the productivity and efficiency of ewes, relative to the body weight and metabolic body weight in four hair sheep breeds. The dataset included the records of litter size, parity number, birth weight, weaning weight, age at weaning, and ewe body weight (EBW), recorded 24 hours after lambing, from 926 purebred ewes. In total, there were 1,198 lambing records (114, 86, 434 and 564 for Blackbelly, Dorper, Katahdin and Pelibuey, respectively). Ewe metabolic body weight at lambing was calculated as EBW0.75. Ewe productivity was evaluated at weaning, and ewe efficiency as the ratio of kg of lamb produced at weaning (adjusted at 60 d of age) divided by ewe body weight or EBW0.75, respectively. Katahdin and Dorper ewes had greater body and EBW0.75 compared to Blackbelly and Pelibuey ewes (P<0.05). There was no difference for those traits between Blackbelly and Pelibuey ewes (P>0.05). Katahdin weaned heavier litters than the other breeds (P<0.05); however, there were no differences between breeds for ewe efficiency at weaning (P>0.05). Third parity ewes were more efficient than both early and late parity ewes (P<0.05). Lambing season was a significant source of variation for ewe efficiency (P<0.05). Under the conditions of this study, ewe efficiency could be increased by weaning more than one lamb.
Effect of olive storage temperature on the quality of Carolea and Ottobratica oils
Authors: A. Zappia, Giuseppina Gioffre Amalia Piscopo, A. De Bruno, , Marco Poiana Nicola Grillone, Rocco Mafrica, Marco
Published: January 2019

The aim of this work was to evidence the effect of the olive storage temperature on the quality of the extracted oils from the cultivars Carolea and Ottobratica, grown in the South of Italy. Qualitative parameters of oils were evaluated by analysis of major and minor components, in particular free acidity, peroxide value, fatty acid composition, sterol composition, squalene content and total content of polyphenols, tocopherols and pigments. The total antioxidant activity of olive oils was evaluated by DPPH and ABTS assays. The response to the storage conditions applied to olives in terms of oil qualitative parameters was different between the cultivars. In Carolea oils the effect of the temperature was significant, whereas also the harvesting time and the storage times affected the general quality of Ottobratica oils.
Characterization of commercial Tunisian monovarietal olive oils produced from autochthonous olive cultivars
Authors: Nuno Rodrigues Souihli Slim, , Veloso Ana C.A. , Dias Luis G. , Susana Casal Rebeca Cruz, , Oueslati Souheib , Antonio M. Peres Jose A. Pereira,
Published: January 2019

Tunisian commercial monovarietal olive oils, produced from two predominant autochthonous olive cultivars (cvs Chétoui and Oueslati) and another less investigated olive cultivar (cv Sahli) were studied. Chemical and sensory data have shown that most olive oils should be classified as lampante olive oil, pointing out the need of improving producing and/or storage conditions. Sahli olive oils showed the lowest total phenols content (157±48 mg/kg), oxidative stability (6.5±2.1 h), DPPH scavenging activity (68%±14) and monounsaturated fatty acids content (63.1%±3.1). These olive oils had the highest saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids contents (19.9%±2.4 and 16.9%±1.4) as well as total tocopherols levels (222±49 mg/kg). Finally, the information of 12 selected parameters (total phenols, oxidative stability, nine fatty acids and γ-tocopherol), allowed establishing a linear discriminant model that correctly classified olive oils according to the olive cultivar with predictive rates of 90%±8. Heptadecenoic, behenic and eicosenoic acids were the three fatty acids identified as the most relevant chemical markers of Sahli olive oils.
Pre-and post-harvest factors and their impact on oil composition and quality of olive fruit
Authors: Ho-Min Kang M. A. Mele, M. Z. Islam, , Giuffre Angelo Maria
Published: January 2019

Olive fruit and its oil are in great demand due to its nutritional value, which can be influenced by the pre-and post-harvest factors. The pre-and post-harvest factors are discussed in this article in an effort to recognize as being and investigate the ultimate effect of these factors on the olive fruit and its oil composition. Genetic, agronomic and environmental factors influence olive fruits and olive oil composition. The olive cultivar influences fruit weight, olive oil content, fatty acids, peroxide value, esters, volatile compounds and fatty alcohol content. Chlorophyll content, carotenoids, flavor and volatile compounds vary depending upon geographical area of origin. Environmental conditions have an effect on enzymes, oil composition, fatty acids, microbial activity, esters, flowering, growth and development, ripening rate, insect activity and susceptibility or resistance to diseases. Tree age has an impact on phenol content of olive oil. The boron, nitrogen, potassium, salinity and zinc treatments have an influence on the olive fruit and its oil composition. In addition, the ripening degree, harvesting time has enforcement on olive oil content. Leaf removal and washing of the fruit promote the purity of the olive oil for both chemical and sensorial aspects. A not prolonged fruit crushing together with a not prolonged paste malaxation at a temperature below 27 °C increase the sensory and physicochemical qualities of olive oil. Inappropriate oil extraction promotes the off-ﬂavors in the olive oil. Dark storage helps to retain the chemical and sensorial olive oil quality. The oil quality degrades toward the inside of cooking temperature.
Biological responses of white sea bream (Diplodus sargus, Linnaeus 1758) and sardine (Sardine pilchardus, Walbaum 1792) exposed to heavy metal contaminated water
Authors: Guerriero Giulia , Abdel-Gawad Samah M. Bassem, Fagr Kh.
Published: January 2019

The aim of the present work was to assess, by rapid approach, the detoxification capacity and the genotoxicity caused by exposure of some marine fish to polluted waters. The fish species selected for the study: white sea bream (Diplodus sargus, Linnaeus 1758) and sardine (Sardine pilchardus, Walbaum 1792) were collected from different sites of Alexandria, El-Max bay and Bahary, in Egypt. Results of heavy metals analysis in sediment were: Al>Fe>Cr>Pb>Hg>Cd. Concerning detoxification analysis, fish collected from El-Max bay encounter the highest liver enzyme activity of Glutathione S-Transferase. Also, genotoxicity was evaluated in liver, gills and muscle of fishes collected and the results indicated that fish collected from El-Max bay has the highest levels of comets (DNA damage) when compared to the other sites selected as reference. It can be concluded from our results that the different tissues examined have alteration of level of detossification and comets as result of different degree of oxidative pollution insult. These biological responses may be considered for rapid extimation of food oxidative damage as well as for environmental quality.
Chitosan-propolis combination inhibits anthracnose in 'Hass' avocados
Authors: Junior A.K. Marino, José S.P. , Magalhães Kelly M. , Mattiuz Ben-Hur
Published: January 2019

The effect of chitosan-propolis combination on the control of in vitro and in vivo growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a causal agent of anthracnose, as well as on the quality of avocado of Hass cultivar has been evaluated.  Chitosan and propolis were added to the culture medium separately and in combinations to verify the efficacy of inhibition of C. gloeosporioides mycelium in vitro. Avocados were immersed for 1 minute in the treatments that best inhibited the mycelium growth (in vitro) with the aim of testing the fungus control in vivo. The tested treatments were 1.5% chitosan and combinations of propolis (1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%) with 1.5% chitosan and then inoculated with C. gloeosporioides. Control fruits were dipped in distilled water only. In the second experiment, avocados were immersed for 1 minute in the treatments that best inhibited the mycelium growth (in vivo) with the aim of testing the fruits quality. The tested treatments were 1.5% chitosan isolated and in the combination of 1.5% chitosan with 1.5% propolis. The control treatment were immersed only in distilled water. Avocados were stored at 22 ± 0.3 °C and 90 ± 3% RH for 7 days. The use of 1.5% chitosan in combination with 2.0% propolis controlled the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in vitro. In addition, coating with only 1.5% chitosan provided the best results in avocados, reducing the severity and incidence of anthracnose and maintaining the fruit quality.
Ellagic acid production by solid-state fermentation influenced by the inert solid supports
Authors: Ascacio-Valdés, Leonardo Sepúlveda Juan Buenrostro-Figueroa, Alberto , Barragán Arely Prado- , González Miguel Ángel Aguilar- , Aguilar Cristóbal Noé
Published: January 2019

Ellagic acid and ellagitannins are defense phytochemicals and dietary polyphenols found in fruits and nuts and implicated with strong antioxidant, anticancer and antiatherosclerotic biological properties. Unfortunately, there are few reports on the bioconversion studies from ellagitannins to ellagic acid. The objective of the present work was to use of partially purified ellagitannins from pomegranate peels as inducers for production of ellagic acid by Aspergillus niger GH1 in solid-state fermentation on inert supports (perlite, polyurethane foam and nylon fiber). For total pomegranate polyphenols (TPP), two methodologies were compared. Higher recovery of TTP (70 g kg-1 peel) in a short time (2 h) were obtained by filtering through a muslin cloth followed by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15 min. Production of ellagic acid and ellagitannase enzyme were evaluated. Maximum ellagic acid production (231.22 mg g-1 TPP) at 24 h cultivation with an ellagitannase activity of 3213 U L-1 was obtained when using polyurethane foam as inert support. Polyurethane foam was the best solid support to produce high yields of ellagic acid production.
Frying influence on virgin olive oils by monitoring change of aliphatic monoaldehydes
Authors: Hui Li , Shuqing Dong, Liang Zhao Zhongyang Wang, Yaming Sun,
Published: January 2019

When virgin olive oil (VOO) have been fried long time at high temperature, some aliphatic monoaldehydes including hexanal, heptanal, octaldehyde, nonanal and decanal were found in fried VOO and food samples. The HPLC method has been developed for determination of aliphatic monoaldehydes in VOO and food samples after different fried conditions. These five aliphatic monoaldehydes could be separated and analyzed in 60 min on reversed phase ODS column with methanol/0.1% acetic acid water solution mobile phase at 1.0 mL min-1 flow rate, after being derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH). The method was validated with recovery results ranging from 86% to 114%. Calibration plots of aliphatic aldehydes were linear (r≥0.9991) in the concentration range from 1.0×10-6 to 1.5×10-4 mol L-1. The LODs were between 6.5×10-8 and 3.98×10-7 mol L-1. The proposed method provides a reliable and sensitive quantitative evaluation for aliphatic monoaldehydes in fried oils and fried potatoes samples. The experiments results verify that the VOOs are not suitable to be fried long time at high temperature. The frying time should be less than 3.0 min, and the frying temperature should be below 150 °C for the healthy diet.
What Is Accidental Poisoning?
Authors: Lieu Kevin , LeSaint Kathy T.
Published: November 2024

This JAMA Patient Page describes common causes of accidental poisoning, risk reduction, and what to do in case of an accidental poisoning.
Outdoor Artificial Light at Night and Insomnia-Related Social Media Posts
Authors: Duan Jiahao , Li Qian , Yin Zhouxin , Zhen Shihan , Cao Wenzhe , Yan Shiwei , Zhang Yanhui , Wu Qingyao , Zhang Wei , Liang Fengchao
Published: November 2024

Importance

Understanding the outcomes of artificial light at night (ALAN) on insomnia is crucial for public health, particularly in rapidly urbanizing regions. However, evidence of the association between ALAN exposure and insomnia is limited, despite the large number of people exposed to ALAN.

Objective

To explore the association between outdoor ALAN exposure and insomnia among the Chinese population.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional study used social media data from Weibo (Sina), a social media platform, and satellite-derived nighttime light images. The study period spans from May 2022 to April 2023. The study encompasses 336 cities across China’s mainland, providing a comprehensive national perspective. Data include insomnia-related posts from the platform users, representing a large and diverse population sample exposed to varying levels of ALAN.

Exposure

Outdoor ALAN exposure (in nanowatts per centimeters squared per steradian [nW/cm2/sr]) was measured using satellite-derived nighttime light images at a spatial resolution of 500 m.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The incidence of insomnia among residents at the city level was measured by the number of insomnia-related posts on social media. Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the association between ALAN exposure and population insomnia, adjusting for population characteristics and meteorological factors at the city level.

Results

The study included data from 1 147 583 insomnia-related posts. Daily mean ALAN exposure across the 336 cities ranged from 3.1 to 221.0 nW/cm2/sr. For each 5 nW/cm2/sr increase in ALAN exposure, the incidence of insomnia increased by 0.377% (95% CI, 0.372%-0.382%). The association was greater in less populated cities and under extreme temperature and poor air quality conditions. The observed exposure-response functions between ALAN exposure and insomnia demonstrated an upward trend, with steeper slopes observed at low exposures and leveling off at higher exposures.

Conclusions and Relevance

This study provides evidence of the association between increased ALAN exposure and higher incidence of insomnia. These findings expand the current knowledge on adverse health outcomes of ALAN exposure and emphasize the potential health benefits of well-planned artificial nighttime lighting in China and other developing countries in the early stages of city planning.
Skin Discoloration After Iatrogenic Fluorescein Dosing Error
Authors: Moore Pamela D. , Burns Michele M.
Published: November 2024

This case report describes a diagnosis of iatrogenic fluorescein dosing error in a girl aged 10 months who presented for routine fluorescein angiography examination in the setting of incontinentia pigmenti.
Monolithic Integration of Printable PVDF‐TrFE Piezoelectric Multifunctional Devices: From Sensing to Actuation
Authors: Lee Yeji , Bandari Vineeth Kumar , Paliakkara Varun Paul , Monteiro Augusto Sheila , Ehrler Rico , Hellwig Olav , Amann Sebastian , Stöwe Klaus , Thalheim Robert , Schmidt Oliver G.
Published: November 2024

This study demonstrates the development of multifunctional printable piezoelectric actuators using PVDF‐TrFE and PEDOT:PSS, capable of operating at low voltages and supporting a wide range of applications. By leveraging the high piezoelectric coefficient of PVDF‐TrFE and the conductivity of PEDOT:PSS, the actuators exhibit stable performance with precise inkjet printing deposition and optimized waveform parameters. The fabrication process integrates inkjet printing and standard lithography, enabling monolithic integration for high‐performance actuation and multifunctional sensing. The PVDF‐TrFE‐based actuators achieve low‐voltage operation (as low as 50 V), efficient energy transfer, and mechanical stability. Enhancing the beta phase of PVDF‐TrFE resulted in a deflection of ≈600 µm and vortex generation, crucial for lift in aerial robotic applications. Durability tests confirmed minimal performance degradation after 2,300 actuation cycles. Beyond mechanical deflection, the actuators exhibit sound detection and strain sensing capabilities. Experimental evaluations validated their ability to differentiate sound frequencies, detect muscle strain, and replicate bio‐inspired flight dynamics. A preliminary proof of concept for a double‐wing structure demonstrated lift generation at low voltages and resonant frequencies. The results indicate that these piezoelectric actuators are well‐suited for miniaturized robotic applications, particularly in aerial locomotion and multifunctional sensing, opening new possibilities for innovations in micro‐robotics, wearables, and aerial robotics.