bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: CIS‐ AND TRANS‐ IODINE(VII) OXYTETRAFLUORIDE HYPOFLUORITE, OIF4OF
Authors: CHRISTE K. O. , WILSON R. D.
Published: April 2016

Metathetische Reaktion zwischen NF4SbF6 (I) und CsIF4O2 (II) (aus CsIO4 und HF) liefert NF4IF4O2 (III), das bei seiner thermischen Zers. die neuen Titelisomeren (IV) und (V) liefert (keine Ausb.‐Angabe).
ChemInform Abstract: A STUDY OF THE HYDROLYSIS OF IRON(III) ION BY SODIUM BICARBONATE USING AN INERT NMR PROBE TECHNIQUE
Authors: LEFFLER A. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Hydrolyseuntersuchungen werden im Ionenstärkebereich 0.5‐0.8 anhand von Protonenpeakverbreiterungen und Volumensuszeptibilitätsverschiebungen an zugesetztem CH2Cl2 in D2O sowie durch pH‐Messungen in H2O‐Lösungen durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: WEG ZUR TOTALSYNTHESE OPTISCH REINER C‐NOR‐D‐HOMO‐18‐NOR‐8BETA‐METHYL‐OESTRADIOLEN
Authors: BONDON D. , PUCCI B. , PIETRASANTA Y.
Published: April 2016

Kondensation des Enollactons (I) mit dem Grignard‐Reagenz (II) ergibt neben dem Dibromhydrin (III) den Ketoalkohol (IV), der in basischem Medium zu dem konjugierten Keton (V) umgelagert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLOADDITIONS AND REARRANGEMENTS IN THE REACTIONS OF HYDROGEN BROMIDE WITH ALKYNES
Authors: GRIESBAUM K. , SEITER W. , SCHNEIDER H. , EL ABED M. , REHMAN Z.
Published: April 2016

Die Flüssigphasenreaktionen von HBr mit Alkinen werden von der Natur der Alkine, dem Molverhältnis der Reaktanten und der Temp. beeinflußt. So liefert z.B. HBr mit den Alkinen (I) im Molverhältnis 5:1 bei 20°C die Cyclodimeren (II) und (III), die entsprechenden durch radikalische bzw. ionische Addition gebildeten Produkte (IV) und (V) bzw. (VI)‐(VIII) sowie die Dibromalkane (IX) und (X); bei der 1:1‐Umsetzung bei 20°C liefern nur (Ia) und 3‐Cyclohexylpropin Cyclodimerisate; bei ‐78°C und einem molaren Reaktanten‐Verhältnis von 1:1 fällt die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit stark ab, während die Tendenz der Cyclodimerisierung beachtlich ansteigt.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSELECTIVE PHOTOADDITION OF PYRROLES AND ALIPHATIC CARBONYL COMPOUNDS. A NEW SYNTHESIS OF 3(4)‐SUBSTITUTED PYRROLES
Authors: JONES G. II , GILOW H. M. , LOW J.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Imidazolen (I) erhält man mit Oxo‐Verbindungen (II) bei der Bestrahlung die Carbinole (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS IN ORGANIC CRYSTALS. III. TRISPIROPYRROLOISOQUINOLINE THROUGH ASYMMETRIC PHOTODIMERIZATION AND HYDROGEN SHIFT IN CRYSTALLINE CYCLOHEXYLIDENEPHENYL‐5(4H)‐OXAZOLONE
Authors: MOHR S.
Published: April 2016

Die Photolyse der Oxazolone (I) im festen Zustand zu den Verbindungen (II) und (III) wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: CARBENE CHEMISTRY. PART 11. INSERTION REACTIONS OF 1,2,2‐TRIFLUOROETHYLIDENE INTO CARBON‐HYDROGEN BONDS OF ALKANES, CYCLOALKANES, AND DIETHYL ETHER
Authors: HASZELDINE R. N. , ROWLAND R. , SPEIGHT J. G. , TIPPING A. E.
Published: April 2016

Das bei der Gasphasenpyrolyse von (1,1,2,2‐Tetrafluor‐ethyl)‐trifluorsilan erzeugte Difluormethyl‐fluorcarben (II) reagiert mit den Alkanen (I), (VI), (IX), (XII) bzw. mit den Cycloalkanen (XVI) unter Insertion in einer prim., sek. und/oder tert.‐C‐H‐Bindung zu den Produkten (III)‐(V), (VII) und (VIII), (X) und (XI), (XIII), (XIV) und den Cyclopropanen (XV) (Bildung durch Dehydiierung von (XII) durch (II) zu .Alkenen, die mit (II) unter Cycloaddition reagieren) bzw. zu (XVII).
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF HYDRAZIDES OF SALICYLIC AND SUBSTITUTED SALICYLIC ACIDS WITH ACTIVE MANGANESE DIOXIDE
Authors: HAKSAR C. N. , MALHOTRA R. C. , RAMACHANDRAN P. K.
Published: April 2016

Die Oxidation der Hydrazide (I) mit aktivem MnO2 in verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln führt zur Bildung der entsprechenden Säuren (II).
ChemInform Abstract: NITROSATION AND NITROSYLATION OF HEMOPROTEINS AND RELATED COMPOUNDS. PART 2. THE REACTION OF NITROUS ACID WITH THE SIDE CHAINS OF α‐ACYLAMINO‐ACID ESTERS
Authors: BONNETT R. , NICOLAIDOU P.
Published: April 2016

Nitrosierung von N‐Acetyl‐cysteinmethylester (I) mit NaNO2/Ac‐OH liefert das instabile rote kristalline S‐Nitroso‐Derivat (II), das sich beim Stehenlassen in Ether zu dem Cystin (III) zersetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF N‐(N‐ACETYL‐L‐ASPARTYL)‐4‐AMINOBUTYRIC ACID (AC‐ASP‐ΓABU)
Authors: LOENNECHEN T. , HAGEN E. A. , AASEN A. J.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung (IV) wird durch Kupplung der Aminosäurederivate (I) und (II) mit DCC und N‐Hydroxy‐benzotriazol (HOBt) bei nachfolgender Hydrogenolyse erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF 2‐TOSYLOXY‐ AND 2‐CHLOROTROPONES WITH HYDRAZINE, METHYLHYDRAZINE, AND PHENYLHYDRAZINE
Authors: IMAFUKU K. , KAMACHI K. , MATSUDA Y. , MATSUMURA H.
Published: April 2016

Reaktion der Titeltropone (Ia) und (Ib) mit den Titelreagenzien (II) führt zu den entsprechenden Hydrazinotroponen (IIIa), (IIIb) und (IIIc).
ChemInform Abstract: NEWER ASPECTS OF LONGIFOLENE. PART VII. SYNTHESIS AND DEHYDROGENATION OF A NEW, RATIONAL AZULENOGEN FROM LONGIFOLENE: 2,6,6‐TRIMETHYLBICYCLO(5.3.0)DEC‐8‐ENE
Authors: JADHAV P. K. , NAYAK U. R.
Published: April 2016

Die Titelverbindung (V) wird als potentieller Azulen‐Vorläufer auf zwei Wegen synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES IN THE TRICYCLOOCTANE SERIES. II. DEHYDROHALOGENATION OF THE BIS‐DICHLOROCARBENE ADDUCTS OF SOME CYCLOHEXA‐1,4‐DIENES: A REGIOSPECIFIC ROUTE TO HOMOTROPILIDENES
Authors: BANWELL M. G. , HALTON B.
Published: April 2016

Die durch Birch‐Reduktion und anschließende Bis‐Addition von Dichlorcarben erhaltenen Tricyclooctane (II) werden mit tert.‐Butylat behandelt und die erhaltenen Reaktionsgemische aus den Verbindungen (I), (III) und (IV) aufgeklärt.
ChemInform Abstract: ENONES WITH STRAINED DOUBLE BONDS. 2. THE BICYCLO(4.3.1)DECANE SYSTEM
Authors: HOUSE H. O. , LEE T. V.
Published: April 2016

Aus 2‐Cycloheptenon (I) und Acetessigsäureestern (II) entstehen die bicyclischen Addukte (III), die zu (IV) verethert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: THE SYNTHESIS AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF BICYCLO(4.2.0)OCTA‐2,4,7‐TRIENES
Authors: WARRENER R. N. , MCCAY I. W. , TAN R. Y. S. , RUSSELL R. A.
Published: April 2016

Bei der photolytischen Decarbonylierung der Ketone (I) entstehen die Folgeprodukte (II) bzw. (III) und Acetylen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMISTRY IN HYDROGEN FLUORIDE. 7. A NOVEL SYNTHESIS OF ARYL TRIFLUOROMETHYL ETHERS
Authors: FEIRING A. E.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Phenolen (I) erhält man mit Tetrachlorkohlenstoff und Fluorwasserstoff die Tritluormethylether (II).
ChemInform Abstract: FLUORIDE ION PROMOTED SYNTHESIS OF ALKYL PHENYL ETHERS
Authors: MILLER J. M. , SO K. H. , CLARK J. H.
Published: April 2016

Tetraethylammonium‐ fluorid in DMF begünstigt die Alkylierung der Phenole (I) mit Alkyliodiden und Benzylchloriden zu den Ethern (II).
ChemInform Abstract: DERIVATIVES OF 1‐BROMO‐3‐(3‐HYDROXY‐6‐ACETOXY‐2,4,5‐TRIMETHYLPHENYL)‐2‐PROPANONE
Authors: MAKOVETSKII V. P. , DZVINCHUK I. B. , SVISHCHUK A. A.
Published: April 2016

Die Bromierung des Propanonderivates (I) erfolgt nicht an der Methylengruppe, sondern an der Methylgruppe unter Bildung von (II); (II) wird zu (III) acetyliert.
ChemInform Abstract: ACUTE EFFECTS OF ALKYLATING AGENTS ON CANINE RENAL FUNCTION. 1. (4‐(2‐BROMOALKANOYL)PHENOXY)ACETIC ACIDS
Authors: KOECHEL D. A. , RANKIN G. O. , SLOAN W. R.
Published: April 2016

Die Ketone (I) werden zu den Bromketonen (II) halogeniert.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORAMIDES. XI. PHOSPHORAMIDES AS REAGENTS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BENZAMIDINES FROM BENZOPHENONE OXIME
Authors: JENSEN K. G. , PEDERSEN E. B.
Published: April 2016

Behandlung des Oxims (I) mit dem Triamid (IIa) oder den Diamidaten (IIb)‐(IId) ergibt in Gegenwart von PPA die Phenylbenzamidine (III) (Mechanismus).
ChemInform Abstract: HETEROCYCLES IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS. PART 23. 1‐AMINO‐4,6‐DIPHENYL‐2‐PYRIDONE: A NEW REAGENT FOR THE CONVERSION OF ALDEHYDES INTO NITRILES
Authors: KATRITZKY A. R. , MOLINA‐BUENDIA P.
Published: April 2016

Das Aminopyridon (II), das aus dem Pyron bzw. Thiopyron (I) leicht zugänglich ist, reagiert mit Aldehyden zu den Iminen (III), deren Thermolyse die Nitrile (IV) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐O‐METHYLOBTUSATIC ACID, A NEW DEPSIDE FROM THE LICHEN XANTHOPARMELIA TUSCONENSIS
Authors: CHESTER D. O. , ELIX J. A.
Published: April 2016

Das Titeldepsid (IIIb) wird in unabhängiger Synthese durch Behandlung der Benzoesäure (I) und Benzylorsellinat (II) mit Trifluoressigsäure und anschließender katalytischer Hydrogenolyse dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRIMIDONE DERIVATIVES AS EFFECTIVE ACID CAPTORS. A METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF CARBOXYLIC ESTERS
Authors: BALD E.
Published: April 2016

Die äquimolare Reaktion der Säuren (I) und der Alkohole (II) unter Verwendung der Pyridiniumsalze (III) als Kupplungsreagentien in Gegenwart der Pyrimidinone A führt in hohen Ausb. zu den Estern (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF SOME PERFLUOROBENZENEDI‐, ‐TRI‐, AND ‐TETRASULFONIC ACIDS
Authors: SARTORI P. , BAUER G.
Published: April 2016

Tri‐ und Tetrafluorbenzole werden durch Umsetzung mit Schwefeltrioxid bei Temperaturen von 120‐160°C zu entsprechenden fluorierten Mono‐ und Disulfonsäuren umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: Γ‐SULFENYLATION OF α,β‐UNSATURATED ALDEHYDES, KETONES, AND ESTERS: THE USE OF O‐SILYLATED DIENOLATES
Authors: FLEMING I. , GOLDHILL J. , PATERSON I.
Published: April 2016

α,β‐Ungesättigte Ketone (I) liefern die Silylenolether (II), die mit Phenylsulfenylchlorid (III) in α‐Stellung zu (IV) substituiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: CONVENIENT SYNTHESES OF 5,5,9‐TRIMETHYL‐TRANS‐1‐DECALONE AND 6β‐HYDROXY‐5,5,9β‐TRIMETHYL‐TRANS‐1‐DECALONE
Authors: SNITMAN D. L. , TSAI M. Y. , WATT D. S. , EDWARDS C. L. , STOTTER P. L.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Octalindion (I) erhält man die Folgeprodukte (II)‐(IV) bzw. (V) und (VI); das Monoketal (VII) liefert die Folgeprodukte (VIII) bis (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: THERMAL (1,5) SIGMATROPIC ALKYL SHIFTS OF ISOINDENES
Authors: DOLBIER W. R. JUN. , ANAPOLLE K. E. , MCCULLAGH L. , MATSUI K. , RIEMANN J. M. , ROLISON D.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Bicycloazoxy‐Verbindungen (I) bzw. (VI) entstehen thermisch die Isoindene (II) bzw. (VII),die sich zu (III) bzw. (VIII) und (IX) umlagern.
ChemInform Abstract: SOME REACTIONS OF β‐KETOESTERS DERIVED FROM 9,10‐PHENANTHRAQUINONE WITH AMMONIA, HYDRAZINE, AND SUBSTITUTED HYDRAZINES
Authors: CORT L. A. , MAHESAR M. A.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Oxocyclopentaphenanthrencarboxylaten (VI) werden nach Cope et al. die β‐Ketoester (II) synthetisiert und mit den Stickstoff‐Nucleophilen (I) zu den entsprechenden Hydrazonen (III) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF BIS(IMINO)THIETANES
Authors: L'ABBE G. , DEKERK J. P.
Published: April 2016

Aus den Thiiran‐iminen (Ia) und (Ib) erhält man mit Isonitrilen (II) die Addukte (Va) und (Vb),aus den Keteniminen (III) und Sulfonylisothiocyanat (IV) die Bis‐imino‐thietane (Va), (Vc) und (Vd).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES IN MACROLIDE SYNTHESIS; CONTROL OF REMOTE STEREOCHEMISTRY BY SULFENIC ACID CYCLIZATION AND 2,3‐SIGMATROPIC RING EXPANSION
Authors: VEDEJS E. , MULLINS M. J.
Published: April 2016

Aus dem Tetrahydrothiophen (I) entsteht das Sulfoniumion (II), das mit DBU über diskutierte Zwischenstufen zum makrocyclischen ungesättigten Sulfid (III) führt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF METHYL 1,5‐DIMETHYLPYRROLE‐2‐CARBOXYLATE
Authors: JAMIESON N. C. , LONCRINI D. F.
Published: April 2016

Bei der Suche nach einer einfachen und billigen Methode zur Herstellung der im Titel genannten Verbindungen wird das Pyrrolnitril (Ia) zu der Säure (Ib) verseift, deren Veresterung zum Methylester jedoch mit Dizomethan oder auf anderen klassischen Wegen nicht gelingt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND REACTIONS OF INDOLE‐2,3‐DICARBOXALDEHYDES WITH 1,2‐DIAMINES
Authors: HIREMATH S. P. , THAKAR S. B. , PUROHIT M. G.
Published: April 2016

Die Carboethoxyindole (I) werden nach Überführung in die Aldehyde (II) durch Vilsmeier‐Haack‐Formylierung in die Dialdehyde (III) umgewandelt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF SOME SUBSTITUTED 4H‐THIENO(3,2‐B)PYRROLES
Authors: GEETHA P. , RAJAGOPALAN K. , SWAMINATHAN S.
Published: April 2016

Das Thiophen (I) wird mit den aromatischen Aldehyden (II) basisch zu den Distyrylthiophenen (III) kondensiert.
ChemInform Abstract: QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS OF SOME ((DIALKYLAMINO)PHENYL)‐1,3‐DITHIOLANES AND ((DIALKYLAMINO)PHENYL)‐1,3‐DITHIANES
Authors: BOIKO V. D.
Published: April 2016

Das 1,3‐Dithiolanderivat (I) ergibt bei der Behandlung mit Iodmethan ein trennbares Gemisch der isomeren Ammonium‐(II) und Sulfoniumsalze (III).
ChemInform Abstract: ACETOXYMETHYLATION OF COUMARINS BY MANGANESE(III) ACETATE
Authors: KUROSAWA K. , HARADA H.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion der Cumarinderivate (IIa‐d) mit Mn‐acetat liefert nur die Monoacetylierungsprodukte (I) und im Falle von (Id) eine kleine Menge des Diacetats (V).
ChemInform Abstract: SOME 9‐HYDROXYCANNABINOID‐LIKE COMPOUNDS. SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF ANALGESIC AND BEHAVIORAL PROPERTIES
Authors: WILSON R. S. , MAY E. L. , DEWEY W. L.
Published: April 2016

Dargestellt werden die 9‐Hydroxyderivate (IV), (VI) und (VIII) gemäß dem Formelbild.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES OF SUBSTITUTED 4H‐1‐BENZOTHIOPYRANO(3,4‐D)OXAZOL‐4‐ONES
Authors: SHIRALI S. S. , MERCHANT J. R.
Published: April 2016

Kondensation der Thiocumarine (Ia) und (Id) mit Phenyldiazoniumchlorid zu den Cumarinen (Ib) und (Ie) und anschließende katalytische Hydrierung führen zu den 3‐Aminocuma‐ rinen (Ic) und (If).
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSELECTIVE ADDITION OF 2‐PYRIDINONE TO C‐2 OF A HALOALKYNE
Authors: BREIVIK H. , OTTERSEN T. , UNDHEIM K.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktion des Pyridinons (I) mit dem Acetylen (II) liefert ein 1:1‐Gemisch der Addukte (III) und (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: PYRIDONES AS POTENTIAL ANTITUMOR AGENTS
Authors: HWANG D. R. , DRISCOLL J. S.
Published: April 2016

Durch Persulfat‐Oxidation wird das Hydroxypyridin (I) in das Pyridon (II) übergeführt, aus dem das Acetylderivat (III) hergestellt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐ACETYLPYRIDINE THIOSEMICARBAZONES. 1. A NEW CLASS OF POTENTIAL ANTIMALARIAL L AGENTS
Authors: KLAYMAN D. L. , BARTOSEVICH J. F. , GRIFFIN T. S. , MASON C. J. , SCOVILL J. P.
Published: April 2016

Insgesamt 85 Semicarbazone der Struktur (I) und 76 der Struktur (II) werden dargestellt, von denen erstere wirksam sind gegen Plasmodium berghei in Mäusen.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORAMIDES. X. PHOSPHORUS PENTAOXIDE AMINE MIXTURES AND HMPT AS REAGENTS IN THE SYNTHESIS OF 4‐AMINO‐ AND 4‐DIMETHYLAMINO‐2,3‐POLYMETHYLENEQUINOLINES
Authors: OSBIRK A. , PEDERSEN E. B.
Published: April 2016

Die Polymethylenchinoline (III) werden aus dem Anthranilsäureester (I) mit den Cycloalkanonen (II) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1‐(3‐QUINOLINYL)‐2‐(ALKYLAMINO) ETHANOLS
Authors: GAEDCKE F. , ZYMALKOWSKI F.
Published: April 2016

Das aus dem 3‐Acetylchinolin (I) durch Bromierung und Reduktion des gebildeten Bromacetylchinolins (II) hergestellte Chinolino‐oxiran (III) wird mit verschiedenen sekundären Aminen (IV) zu Alkyl‐aminoethanolen (V) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSPECIFIC PREPARATION OF 10‐ALLYL‐1‐KETOQUINOLIZIDINE AND AN UNEXPECTED DISPROPORTIONATION DURING ITS WOLFF‐KISCHNER REDUCTION
Authors: MCINTOSH J. M.
Published: April 2016

Das Bromid (I) lagert sich beim Behandeln mit tert.‐Butoxid regiospezifisch in einer [2.3]‐sigmatropen Reaktion in die Titelverbindung (II) um.
ChemInform Abstract: MAPPING THE DOPAMINE RECEPTOR. 1. FEATURES DERIVED FROM MODIFICATIONS IN RING G E OF THE NEUROLEPTIC BUTACLAMOL
Authors: HUMBER L. G. , BRUDERLEIN F. T. , PHILIPP A. H. , GOETZ M. , VOITH K.
Published: April 2016

Wie im Formelschema skizziert, werden einige Derivate von Butaclamol (IX) dargestellt, von denen Anhydrobutaclamol (X) und Desoxybutaclamol (XI) in ihrer neuroleptischen Wirkung dem Butaclamol entsprechen.
ChemInform Abstract: CONDENSATION OF 6‐N‐SUBSTITUTED 4,5,6‐TRIAMINOPYRIMIDINES WITH ACID ANHYDRIDES AND IMINO ACID ESTERS
Authors: KURILENKO L. K. , CHERKASOVA V. M.
Published: April 2016

Die an der Aminogruppe in 6‐Stellung substituierten 4,5,6‐Triaminopyrimidine (IIa) und (IIb) reagieren mit Acetanhydrid unter milden Bedingungen zu den 5‐Acetylderivaten (Ia) und (Ib),unter energischeren Bedingungen zu einem mit Hilfe von 2n‐NaOH trennbarem Gemisch der isomeren Purine (IIIa), (IIIb), (IVa) und (IVb).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES AND REACTIONS OF SOME 2,7‐SUBSTITUTED 5H‐1,3,4‐THIADIAZOLO(2,3‐B)QUINAZOLIN‐5‐ONES
Authors: RUSSO F. , SANTAGATI M. , SANTAGATI A.
Published: April 2016

Durch Reaktion von 2‐Halogen‐thiadiazolen (II), die teilweise aus (VIII) zugänglich sind, mit Anthranilsäure und Derivaten (I) werden Thiadiazolo‐ chinazoline (III) und (IV) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: USE OF IMINODIACETIC ACID FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF PIPERAZINYL PEPTIDES RELATED TO LEU‐ENKEPHALIN. II
Authors: TOMATIS R. , SALVADORI S. , GUARNERI M.
Published: April 2016

Die Aminosäuren (I) reagieren über die gemischten Anhydride mit Imino‐diessigester (II) zu den Amiden (III), die bei der Hydrierung in die Piperazin‐Derivate (IV) übergehen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF SOME SPIRO(DIBENZ(B,F)OXEPIN‐10,4′‐PIPERIDINE) DERIVATIVES
Authors: ONG H. H. , PROFITT J. A. , SPAULDING T. C. , WILKER J. C.
Published: April 2016

Die Phenoxybenzoesäuren (I) werden mit Vitride in hohen Ausbeuten zu den Alkoholen (II) reduziert, die mit Thionylchlorid und anschließend mit Natriumcyanid zu den Nitrilen (IV) führen.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND ANTI‐INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF SOME 2,3‐DIHYDRO‐1,4‐BENZOXAZEPIN‐5(4H)‐ONE‐7‐ACETIC ACID ESTERS
Authors: SHRIDHAR D. R. , SARMA C. R. , KRISHNA R. R. , SACHDEVA Y. P.
Published: April 2016

Die Ester (I) werden mit Acrylonitril zu den Nitrilen (II) addiert.
ChemInform Abstract: HALIDES AND ANHYDRIDES OF SILYL‐ AND GERMYLACETIC ACID AND Γ‐SILYL‐β‐OXODIAZOALKANES
Authors: KOSTYUK A. S. , BOYADZHAN ZH. G. , ZAITSEVA G. S. , SERGEEV V. N. , SAVEL'EVA N. I. , BAUKOV YU. I. , LUTSENKO I. F.
Published: April 2016

Anhydride der Silyl‐ oder Germyl‐essigsäure (IVa) und (IVb) erhält man aus den Säuren (I) und Keten (II) über die gemischten Anhydride (III) und deren Disproportionierung im Vakuum.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF TRIS(O‐PHENYLENEDIOXY)PHOSPHORATES FROM PHOSPHAZO COMPOUNDS AND PYROCATECHOL
Authors: KUKHAR' V. P. , GRISHKUN E. V. , KHRISTICH A. I. , RUDAVSKII V. P.
Published: April 2016

Die Trichlorphosphazoverbindungen (I) reagieren mit 3 Mol Brenzcatechin (II) in Gegenwart von 4 Mol Triethylamin zum Phosphorat (III).
ChemInform Abstract: THE METALATION OF η6‐BENZENETRICARBONYLCHROMIUM
Authors: RAUSCH M. D. , MOSER G. A. , LEE W. A.
Published: April 2016

Mit n‐BuLi (II) wird η6‐Benzoltricarbonylchrom (I) zu (III) metalliert, das mit den elektrophilen Reagentien (IV) zu den Substitutionsprodukten (Va)‐(Vd) reagiert.
ChemInform Abstract: COMPLEXES OF (ARYLIMIDO)MOLYBDENUM(VI)
Authors: MAATTA E. A. , WENTWORTH R. A. D.
Published: April 2016

Die Reaktionen von Arylaziden mit dem Dicarbonyl‐ oder Oxo‐bis‐[dithiocarbamato]‐Mo‐Komplex (I) oder (IV) führen zu den cis‐Arylimido‐Derivaten (II) bzw. (V).
ChemInform Abstract: FERROCENYL CARBOCATIONS. THE STABILITY OF SOME (4)FERROCENOPHANE 6‐ AND 7‐CARBOCATIONS
Authors: ORTAGGI G. , RICCIO P. , TRITTO I.
Published: April 2016

Verschiedene Carbokationen in der Reihe der verbrückten Ferrocene, z.B. (I) und (II), werden hinsichtlich ihrer Bildung und ihrer Stabilität diskutiert.
ChemInform Abstract: THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF SOME HETERONUCLEAR METAL CARBONYLS
Authors: HABEEB J. J. , TUCK D. G. , ZHANDIRE S.
Published: April 2016

Die elektrochemische Oxidation von Zn, Cd oder In in Gegenwart von Co2(CO)3 oder Mn2(CO)10 in MeOH oder Benzol liefert die entsprechenden Titelverbindungen, die man direkt wie im Falle von (I) isolieren kann oder als Addukte (II) erhält, wenn der elektrochemischen Zelle neutrale zweizähnige Donatormoleküle zugefügt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: HYDROLYSIS‐ASSISTED FORMATION OF A MONONUCLEAR, FIVE‐COORDINATE DIHYDROXOTRIIODOCOBALTATE(II) ION
Authors: DARBY W. L. , VALLARINO L. M.
Published: April 2016

Eine Mischung des zwitterionischen pseudotetraedrischen Komplexes Triiodotrimethylpiperaziniumcobalt und Trimethylpiperaziniumiodid wird in wasserfreiem EtOH erhitzt und mit wenig Wasser versetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: TETRACYCLIC ANALOGS OF THE ROSANE LACTONES FROM EUPATORIUM ALBUM
Authors: HERZ W. , GOVINDAN S. V. , BLOUNT J. F.
Published: April 2016

Die beiden tetracyclischen Diterpenlactone (I) und (II) werden isoliert und identifiziert.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHINYL‐ AND PHOSPHINOTHIOYLAMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES. V. PREPARATION OF DIMETHYLPHOSPHINOTHIOYLAMINO ACIDS AND SOLID PHASE PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
Authors: UEKI M. , INAZU T. , IKEDA S.
Published: April 2016

Die Dimethylthiophosphinyl‐(Mpt‐)Gruppe als geeignete N‐Schutzgruppe läßt sich nach 2 Methoden einführen: 1. Umsetzung des Chlorids (I) mit einem Aminosäureester (II) gibt das Derivat (III), nachfolgende Verseifung liefert die Mpt‐Aminosäuren (IV); 2. direkte Umsetzung von (I) mit den Aminosäuren (V) gibt die Mpt‐Säuren (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: PEPTIDE SYNTHESES WITH THE 2‐NITRO‐1‐PHENYLETHYL THIOL PROTECTING GROUP
Authors: HEUSEL G. , JUNG G.
Published: April 2016

Durch Addition des Nitrostyrols (Ia) an Cysteinderivate wie (II) wird die neue Schutzgruppe Npe eingeführt; die so geschützten Cysteinderivate können bei konventionellen Synthesen sowie Synthesen an festen oder flüssigen polymeren Trägern eingesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2‐ORTHOACETATE INTERMEDIATES IN SILVER TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE PROMOTED KOENIGS‐KNORR SYNTHESIS OF DISACCHARIDE GLYCOSIDES
Authors: BANOUB J. , BUNDLE D. R.
Published: April 2016

Reaktion von Acetobromcellobiose (IIIa), ‐lactose (IIIb) bzw. ‐maltose (VII) mit dem Alkohol (II) in Gegenwart von Ag‐triflat führt beim Zusatz von Collidin als Protonenakzeptor zu den Orthoacetaten (I) bzw. (VI), beim Zusatz von Tetramethylharnstoff dagegen zu den Glycosiden (IV) bzw. (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF POLYMERIZABLE METHACRYLIC ESTERS OF GALACTARIC ACID
Authors: LAPENKO V. L. , MIKHANT'EV B. I. , SLIVKIN A. I.
Published: April 2016

Den Dia1lylester der Galaktarsäure (Schleimsäure) (II) erhält man aus der Di‐isopropylidenver‐ bindung (I).
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLATING NUCLEOSIDES. 2. SYNTHESIS AND CYTOSTATIC ACTIVITY OF BROMOMETHYLPYRAZOLE AND PYRAZOLE NITROGEN MUSTARD NUCLEOSIDES
Authors: GARCIA‐LOPEZ M. T. , HERRANZ R. , ALONSO G.
Published: April 2016

In Gegenwart von p‐Toluolsulfonsäure reagieren die Pyrazole (I) und (IV) mit Poly‐O‐acetylzuckem zu den Nucleosiden (II) bzw. (V).
ChemInform Abstract: METABOLIC PRODUCTS OF FUSARIUM LARVARUM FUCKEL. THE FUSARENTINS AND THE ABSOLUTE CONFIGURATION OF MONOCERIN
Authors: GROVE J. F. , POPLE M.
Published: April 2016

Es werden die neuen Stoffwechselprodukte (I) und (IIa) isoliert.
ChemInform Abstract: CATALYTIC TRANSFER HYDROGENATION IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE PEPTIDES: SYNTHESIS OF BRADYKININ
Authors: KUMARI N. S. S. , KHAN S. A. , SIVANANDAIAH K. M.
Published: April 2016

Ausgehend vom polymergebundenen Aminosäurederivat (I) wird nach der Festphasenmethode das geschützte Nonapeptid‐Harz (IIa) synthetisiert, das durch Methanolyse den Ester (IIb) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: 8,10,12‐TRIAZAPROSTAGLANDIN ANALOGS
Authors: ADAMS D. R. , BARNES A. F. , CASSIDY F.
Published: April 2016

4‐Methyl‐triazolidindion (I) wird mit Distickstofftetroxid zu (II) dehydriert und dann in einer En‐Reaktion mit dem ungesättigten Ester (III) zu (IVa) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC STUDIES ON β‐LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS. PART 10. SYNTHESIS OF 7β‐(2‐CARBOXY‐2‐(4‐HYDROXYPHENYL)ACETAMIDO)‐7α‐METHOXY‐3‐(((1‐METHYL# ‐1H‐TETRAZOL‐5‐YL)THIO)METHYL)‐1‐OXA‐1‐DETHIA‐3‐CEPHEM‐4‐CARBOXYLIC ACID DISODIUM SALT (6059‐S) AND ITS RELATED 1‐OXACEPHEMS
Authors: NARISADA M. , YOSHIDA T. , ONOUE H. , OHTANI M. , OKADA T. , TSUJI T. , KIKKAWA I. , HAGA N. , SATOH H. , ITANI H. , NAGATA W.
Published: April 2016

Durch eine selektive Hydrierung von (Ia) mit anschließender Epoxidation von (Ib) entsteht (Ic), das über die Verbindungen (II) ‐A (VIII) in die Amine (IX) umgewandelt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: NYLON‐12 BY SELECTIVE OZONIZATION
Authors: ROSSI P. P. , MAGNONI F. , DALL'ASTA G.
Published: April 2016

Review: Der Übersichtsartikel (9 Literaturhinweise) beschreibt den SNIA‐Prozeß zur Herstellung von w‐Aminododecansäure, dem Monomeren für Nylon‐1 2. Abgehandelt werden ausgehend von Cyclododecatrien (I) die Verfahrensstufen: 1. Ozonisation zu (II) bei 20°C und Normaldruck (einschließlich Ozonherstellung), 2. die katalytische Umlagerung bei 20 ‐ 30°C und Normaldruck, 3. die reduktive Aminierung bei 130‐180°C und 49 bar und 4. Isolierung und Reinigung.
A Study of the Commercial Frequency Component and Doubled Component on the dc Side of Three‐Phase Rectifiers and Their Influence on Electric Railways
Authors: KOMEDA SHOHEI , WATANABE TOMOKI
Published: April 2016

This paper discusses nontheoretical harmonics on the dc‐side of a 12‐pulse rectifier in dc railway systems. These harmonics are the commercial frequency component and the doubled component. The causes of these harmonics are (a) diode forward voltage drop difference, (b) transformer secondary inductance difference, (c) voltage harmonics at the ac‐side of the rectifier, and (d) effects of the voltage induced by adjacent high‐voltage power transmission lines. We evaluated cases (a), (b), and (c), as case (d) has been previously studied . The results of the evaluation were as follows: · The effects of both the transformer secondary inductance difference and the voltage harmonics inside the electric power system are not negligible in some cases in the discussion of the EMC problem among railway equipments. · If there are several traction circuits in parallel, each of which consists of an input filter, an inverter, and several traction motors, the harmonic reduction effect of the filters weakens significantly.
CANOPEX: A Canadian hydrometeorological watershed database
Authors: Arsenault Richard , Bazile Rachel , Ouellet Dallaire Camille , Brissette François
Published: April 2016

Over the past few years, many international initiatives and collaborations were launched to improve and share knowledge in hydrology research. Large databases allowed finding patterns and relationships across regions and scales. This paper introduces the Canadian model parameter experiment (CANOPEX) database, which is adapted from the US MOPEX project data and methods. The CANOPEX database includes meteorological and hydrometric data as well as watershed boundaries for 698 basins. Two sets of basin‐averaged meteorological data (Maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation) are provided. The first dataset is directly taken from Environment Canada's weather stations whereas the second is extracted from the Natural Resources Canada gridded climate data product. Data are provided in MOPEX and Matlab formats. CANOPEX watersheds are well distributed over Canada, which allows investigating a variety of physiological and climatological conditions. The CANOPEX database can be used in a variety of hydrologic research projects such as climate change impact studies, model comparisons, multi‐modelling, ensemble streamflow prediction and model parameter estimation. CANOPEX could be used to generalize findings to other cold climate catchments as well as assess the robustness of research methodologies and procedures. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SPOT‐Ligand: Fast and effective structure‐based virtual screening by binding homology search according to ligand and receptor similarity
Authors: Yang Yuedong , Zhan Jian , Zhou Yaoqi
Published: April 2016

Structure‐based virtual screening usually involves docking of a library of chemical compounds onto the functional pocket of the target receptor so as to discover novel classes of ligands. However, the overall success rate remains low and screening a large library is computationally intensive. An alternative to this “ab initio” approach is virtual screening by binding homology search. In this approach, potential ligands are predicted based on similar interaction pairs (similarity in receptors and ligands). SPOT‐Ligand is an approach that integrates ligand similarity by Tanimoto coefficient and receptor similarity by protein structure alignment program SPalign. The method was found to yield a consistent performance in DUD and DUD‐E docking benchmarks even if model structures were employed. It improves over docking methods (DOCK6 and AUTODOCK Vina) and has a performance comparable to or better than other binding‐homology methods (FINDsite and PoLi) with higher computational efficiency. The server is available at http://sparks-lab.org. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Variant RHD Types in Brazilians With Discrepancies in RhD Typing
Authors: Campos Fernanda Carolina Alves , Mota Mariza Aparecida , Aravechia Maria Giselda , Torres Kelyan Bertani , Bub Carolina Bonet , Kutner José Mauro , Castilho Lilian
Published: April 2016

Background

The knowledge of D variants in patients and donors is important because anti‐D alloimmunization can occur in some but not all individuals who express a variant RHD allele. Serologic distinction of RhD discrepancies is not always straightforward, which makes molecular analysis highly desirable.

Methods

A group of 223 subjects, 129 patients, and 94 blood donors was identified and analyzed on the basis of a D typing discrepancy. The D antigen expression was evaluated by tube and gel hemagglutination with four anti‐D reagents. PCR‐single specific primer (SSP), multiplex PCR, RHD BeadChip (Immucor), or sequencing were used for molecular analysis.

Results

In total, 168/223 (75%) weak D and 55/223 (25%) partial D variants were identified. Hemagglutination results varied in methods and anti‐D reagents used in this process. There was no standard serologic reactivity identified, which could predict what type of D variant would be identified. Among weak D samples, types 1–3 were the most common, while DAR and DVI were most prevalent among partial D samples.

Conclusion

Our results show that discrepancies found in the serologic typing should be investigated by molecular methods in order to determine the D variant involved and also to distinguish between weak D and partial D. The knowledge of the distribution of weak D types and partial D among populations is important for D− patients and pregnant women management.
A New Immunodot Assay for Multiplex Detection of Autoantibodies in a Cohort of Italian Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies
Authors: Tampoia Marilina , Notarnicola Antonella , Abbracciavento Letizia , Fontana Antonietta , Giannini Margherita , Louis Humbel Renè , Iannone Florenzo
Published: April 2016

Background

Autoantibody detection has been assessed as tool for the diagnosis and the definition of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). The aim of the study was to characterize the autoantibody profiling of a cohort of Italian patients with IIM.

Methods

Sera of 53 adult patients with definite IIM, according to Bohan–Peter criteria, were tested for anti‐nuclear autoantibodies (ANA), using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) method, and for myositis‐specific autoantibodies (MSAs) and myositis‐associated autoantibodies (MAAs), using two new commercial immunodot assays.

Results

MSAs and/or MAAs were detected in 29 of 53 (54.7%) patients with IIM. Twenty‐three patients (43.4%) were positive for at least one MSAs: 13 (24.5%) had anti‐histidyl‐tRNA synthetase autoantibodies (Jo1), 4 (7.5%) had other anti‐aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetases autoantibodies (anti‐ARS), 1 (1.8%) had anti‐transcription intermediary factor 1 gamma autoantibodies (anti‐TIF1γ), 2 (3.7%) had anti‐nuclear helicase protein Mi‐2 autoantibodies (anti‐Mi‐2), 4 (7.5%) had anti‐small ubiquitin like modifier activating enzyme heterodimer autoantibodies (anti‐SAE). Moreover, 17 patients (32%) were positive for at least one MAAs. Coexisting MSAs and MAAs were observed in 9 of 53 (16.9%) patients, anti‐Jo1/SS‐A autoantibodies in most cases. Overall sensitivity of immunodot assays was 54.7%, the specificity was almost absolute. At cut‐off value of 1:160, the sensitivity of ANA‐IIF was 52.8%, increasing to 66% if cytoplasmatic fluorescence reaction was reported. Notably, two (5.7%) ANA‐IIF negative patients had MSAs, detected only by immunodot assays.

Conclusion

It was possible to identify MSAs otherwise undetectable because of the use of new assays. Immunodot can reveal MSAs even when IIF results are inconclusive or, in some cases, ANA negative.
Association of Serum Albumin Level and Mortality in Premature Infants
Authors: Torer Birgin , Hanta Deniz , Yapakci Ece , Gokmen Zeynel , Parlakgumus Ayse , Gulcan Hande , Tarcan Aylin
Published: April 2016

Background

Hypoalbuminemia has been proven to be a powerful predictor of mortality in adult patients. However, prognostic value of serum albumin in neonates is not clear.

Objective

To assess the relationship between serum albumin level within the first day of life and outcome in preterm infants born before 32 weeks of gestation.

Methods

The study was conducted prospectively in Baskent University Hospital between October 2008 and November 2009. Patients were divided by gestational age into two groups as below or of 28 weeks and above 28 weeks. Then serum albumin percentile groups were established within each gestational age group and were defined as <25, 25–75, and >75 percentile groups by combining percentile groups between the two gestational age groups. Three serum albumin percentile groups were compared regarding neonatal outcomes.

Results

A total of 199 infants with mean birth weight of 1,272 ± 390 g and mean gestational age of 29.2 ± 2.2 weeks were admitted to the study. The mean serum albumin level was 30.6 ± 4.7 g/l for all patients. The mean serum albumin levels were 25.5 ± 3.8, 30.1 ± 2.7, and 35.3 ± 3.7 g/l for <25, 25–75, and >75 percentile groups, respectively. Prevalence of infants with respiratory distress syndrome and prevalence of infants with sepsis and mortality were significantly higher in <25 percentile group. Logistic regression analysis showed that serum albumin <25 percentile and birth weight were independent predictive variables of mortality. Albumin concentrations lower than 27.2 g/l was associated with mortality, with a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 86%.

Conclusion

Low serum albumin level within the first day of life is an independent predictor of mortality in preterm infants.
Colorimetric Detection by Gold Nanoparticle DNA Probes for Miltenberger Series (GP.Mur, GP.Hop, and GP.Bun) Identification
Authors: Vongsakulyanon Apirom , Pipatpanukul Chinnawut , Kitpoka Pimpun , Kunakorn Mongkol , Srikhirin Toemsak
Published: April 2016

Background

Miltenberger (Mi) series are the collective glycophorin hybrids in the MNS blood group system. Mi series are composed of several subtypes, for examples, GP.Mur, GP.Hop, and GP.Bun. The incompatibility of Mi series blood transfusion poses the risk of hemolysis. Due to the lack of standard antibodies for Mi series blood typing, colorimetric gold nanoparticle (AuNP) DNA probes were therefore explored for Mi series identification.

Methods

AuNPs were synthesized and conjugated to an RvB (test) probe and an RvA2 (control) probe. Each of the AuNP DNA probes was tested against the amplified products of Mi(+) (GP.Mur/Hop/Bun), Mi(–), and the blank (no amplified product). The change in color was observed by visual inspection and UV‐Vis spectroscopy.

Results

The amplified product of the Mi(+) sample retained the color on both probes (test+/control+). The amplified product of the Mi(–) sample retained the color only on the control probe (test–/control+) and the amplified product of the blank turned clear on both probes (test–/control–). The results by optical density absorbance measurement were concordant with the results by visual inspection. Both probes were validated with the amplified products of the ten Mi(+) and ten Mi(–) samples. All of the samples were correctly identified.

Conclusion

AuNP DNA probes (RvB and RvA2) could be applied to distinguish the amplified products of Mi(+), Mi(–), and the blank by visual inspection and/or OD absorbance measurement.
Comparison of Two Methods for Determination of NGAL Levels in Urine: ELISA and CMIA
Authors: Krzeminska E. , Wyczalkowska‐Tomasik A. , Korytowska N. , Paczek L.
Published: April 2016

Background

Neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a new useful biomarker for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury. The aim of the study was to compare two analytical methods for measurement of urinary NGAL: enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA).

Methods

Two assays were used to measure urinary NGAL: ELISA kit (R&D Systems) and ARCHITECT Urine NGAL (Abbott Laboratories). The study material was the urine obtained from 30 healthy subjects (mean age 56.4 ± 15.2).

Results

The median value and interquantile range of urinary NGAL in the studied group measured by ELISA (R&D Systems) were 3.5 ng/ml (1.2; 6.6) and by CMIA (ARCHITECT Urine NGAL assay, Abbott Diagnostics) were 4.4 ng/ml (1.9; 9.4). Levels of urinary NGAL obtained by CMIA were significantly higher than by ELISA. There was a significant positive correlation between the concentration of urinary NGAL determined by both methods (r = 0.8625, P < 0.01).

Conclusion

The comparison of individual data obtained by ELISA and CMIA should be taken with care. From laboratory's point of view, ELISA is less expensive than CMIA method for the determination of NGAL in urine. However, CMIA method allows rapid determination of urinary NGAL concentration through automated assay.
Synthesis and Structures of Novel Multi‐armed Molecules Involving Benzene as a Core and 4‐Phenylthiazole, 4‐Pyrazolylthiazole, or Thiadiazole Units as Arms
Authors: Salem Mostafa E. , Darweesh Ahmed F. , Farag Ahmad M. , Elwahy Ahmed H. M.
Published: April 2016

A synthesis of novel three‐, four‐, and sixfold branched 4‐phenylthiazolylhydrazones, 4‐pyrazolylthiazolyl hydrazones, and thiadiazoles which are linked to a benzene core via phenoxymethyl spacers was reported. The synthetic methodology includes initially formation of poly(aldehyde thiosemicarbazones) 9, 14, and 15 by acid catalyzed condensation of thiosemicarbazide (8) with the appropriate poly(aldehydes) 3, 5, and 7, respectively. Subsequent reaction of 9, 14, and 15 with each of 2‐bromo‐1‐phenylethanone (10a) and 2‐bromo‐1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)ethanone (10b) in refluxing ethanol in the presence of few drops of TEA afforded 11, 16, and 18, respectively, in good yields. On the other hand, the synthesis of the novel poly(4,5‐dihydro‐1,3,4‐thiadiazolyl) derivatives 20, 21a,21b, and 22 was performed by cyclization of 9b, 14a,14b, and 15a, respectively, in refluxing acetic anhydride.
Survival following synchronous colon cancer resection
Authors: Thiels Cornelius A. , Naik Nimesh D. , Bergquist John R. , Spindler Blake A. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Kelley Scott R. , Wolff Bruce G. , Mathis Kellie L.
Published: April 2016

Background

Synchronous colon cancers, defined as two or more primary colon cancer detected simultaneously at the time of initial diagnosis, account for up to 5% of all colon cancer diagnoses. Management principles and outcomes remain largely undefined.

Methods

A retrospective institutional review of patients undergoing curative intent resection for colon adenocarcinoma (Stages I–III) from 1995 to 2007 was performed. Hereditary causes or inflammatory bowel disease were excluded. Matching was performed and Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to compare overall survival.

Results

Of 2,387 patients, 100 (4.2%) had synchronous cancers. Patients with synchronous lesions tended to be older (median 77 vs. 72 years, P < 0.001) with more advanced tumors (41.0% vs. 31.4% Stage III, P = 0.04). After matching, there were no differences in demographics or tumor factors (all P > 0.05). Compared to solitary, synchronous cancers demonstrated an inferior 10‐year overall survival (53.9% vs. 36.5%, P = 0.009). Subset analysis of patients with synchronous cancers showed no difference in overall survival between those with extended versus segmental resections at 120‐months (P = 0.07).

Conclusion

Synchronous colon cancer is associated with decreased overall survival compared to patients with solitary tumors. Extended resection does not confer a survival benefit in these patients. Further research is needed to determine how to mitigate the poor outcomes. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:80–85. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improving the adoption of thyroid cancer clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Likhterov Ilya , Tuttle R. Michael , Haser Grace C. , Su Henry K. , Bergman Donald , Alon Eran E. , Bernet Victor , Brett Elise , Cobin Rhoda , Dewey Eliza H. , Doherty Gerard , Dos Reis Laura L. , Klopper Joshua , Lee Stephanie L. , Lupo Mark A. , Machac Josef , Mechanick Jeffrey I. , Milas Mira , Orloff Lisa , Randolph Gregory , Ross Douglas S. , Rowe Meghan E. , Smallridge Robert , Terris David , Tufano Ralph P. , Urken Mark L.
Published: April 2016

Objectives/Hypothesis

To present an overview of the barriers to the implementation of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in thyroid cancer management and to introduce a computer‐based clinical support system.

Data Sources

PubMed.

Review Methods: A review of studies on adherence to CPGs was conducted.

Results

Awareness and adoption of CPGs is low in thyroid cancer management. Barriers to implementation include unfamiliarity with the CPGs and financial concerns. Effective interventions to improve adherence are possible, especially when they are readily accessible at the point of care delivery. Computerized clinical support systems show particular promise. The authors introduce the clinical decision making modules (CDMMs) of the Thyroid Cancer Care Collaborative, a thyroid cancer‐specific electronic health record. These computer‐based modules can assist clinicians with implementation of these recommendations in clinical practice.

Conclusion

Computer‐based support systems can help clinicians understand and adopt the thyroid cancer CPGs. By integrating patient characteristics and guidelines at the point of care delivery, the CDMMs can improve adherence to the guidelines and help clinicians provide high‐quality, evidence‐based, and individualized patient care in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer. Laryngoscope, 126:2640–2645, 2016
Optimal bovine collagen concentration to achieve tracheal epithelial coverage of collagen sponges
Authors: Suzuki Ryo , Nakamura Ryosuke , Nakaegawa Yuta , Nomoto Yukio , Fujimoto Ichiro , Semura Kayoko , Hazama Akihiro , Omori Koichi
Published: April 2016

Objectives/Hypothesis

Artificial tracheas prepared using a collagen sponge and polypropylene mesh have been implanted in patients who received tracheal resections, but epithelialization in the reconstructed area is slow. We determined the optimal bovine atelocollagen concentration necessary for the rapid and complete tracheal epithelial coverage of collagen sponge implants.

Study Design

Preliminary animal experiment.

Methods

Collagen sponges were prepared using lyophilizing 0.5%, 0.7%, and 1.0% atelocollagen solutions (0.5%, 0.7%, and 1.0% sponges) and were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. Partial tracheal defects were prepared in rabbits and reconstructed using sponges. Epithelial regeneration in the reconstructed area was evaluated by endoscopic, histological, and scanning electron microscope analyses.

Results

All sponges had a membranous structural framework, and numerous fibrous structures filled the spaces within the framework in the 0.5% sponges. The membranous structure in the 0.7% sponges branched at many points, and intermembrane spaces were frequently observed. Conversely, the membranous structure in the 1.0% sponges was relatively continuous, thick, and closely arranged. Two weeks after implantation, tracheal defects were entirely covered with epithelium in two of the four and three of the four of the 0.5% and 0.7% sponge‐implanted rabbits, respectively. The collagen sponges remained exposed to the tracheal lumen in four of the four rabbits in the 1.0% sponge group. Ciliogenesis in the center of the epithelialized region was detected only in the 0.7% sponge group.

Conclusion

Collagen sponges prepared from various concentrations of bovine atelocollagen have different structures. Complete epithelial coverage was achieved in more rabbits implanted with sponges prepared using the 0.7% bovine atelocollagen solution than in those implanted with sponges prepared from the 0.5% and 1.0% solutions.

Level of Evidence

NA Laryngoscope, 126:E396–E403, 2016
The importance of recognizing a cervical origin of the right subclavian artery
Authors: Machado Rosalie A. , Moubayed Sami P. , Khorsandi Azita , Urken Mark L.
Published: April 2016

Cervical origin of the right subclavian artery is rare and is associated with DiGeorge syndrome. During total thyroidectomy and right lateral neck dissection for metastatic thyroid cancer in a 26‐year‐old female, the right subclavian artery was found to be cervical in origin. This was identifiable on preoperative computerized tomography. Screening for DiGeorge syndrome and other cardiovascular abnormalities in this patient was negative. However, all reported cases of this right subclavian artery anomaly tested positive for DiGeorge syndrome. Cervical origin of the right subclavian artery may present in the absence of DiGeorge syndrome. Laryngoscope, 126:2497–2499, 2016
Supramaximal neurostimulation with laryngeal palpation to predict postoperative vocal fold mobility
Authors: Cha Wonjae , Cho Ilyoung , Jang Jeon Yeob , Cho Jae‐Keun , Wang Soo‐Geun , Park Ji‐Hwan
Published: April 2016

Objectives/Hypothesis

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury during thyroidectomy or parathyroidectomy is a challenging issue and causes significant morbidity. We adopted the supramaximal stimulation protocol for neurostimulation with laryngeal palpation (NSLP) and tried to evaluate the predictive values of supramaximal NSLP for immediate postoperative vocal fold (VF) mobility.

Study Design

Prospective cohort study.

Methods

Prospectively, 293 patients who underwent thyroid and parathyroid surgery and 542 RLNs at risk were enrolled in this study. During NSLP, the current was escalated to 3 mA until definite laryngeal twitch was observed. Immediate postoperative VF mobility was evaluated using flexible laryngoscopy.

Results

Diagnostic accuracy of NSLP is calculated according to cutoff values of minimal current intensity (1 mA, 1.5 mA, and 2 mA). At 2mA, sensitivity was 81.82%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100%, and negative predictive value 99.62%.

Conclusions

Supramaximal NSLP might be a simple and reliable method to predict immediate postoperative VF mobility in open thyroid and parathyroid surgeries when intraoperative neuromonitoring is unavailable.

Level of Evidence

4. Laryngoscope, 126:2863–2868, 2016