bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFLECTANCIA FOLIAR, CRECIMIENTO Y RESPUESTAS FISIOLÓGICAS DE MAÍZ Y TOMATE A UN ABRILLANTADOR ÓPTICO
Authors: Velasco Sandra P. , Pineda Samuel , Méndez Aricely , España Ma. Luisa , Cárdenas-Navarro Raúl , Bayuelo-Jiménez Jeannette S. , Valle Javier , Figueroa José I. , Lobit Philippe , Martínez-Castillo Ana M.
Published: October 2020

Se evaluó el efecto del abrillantador óptico Tinopal® C1101 (derivado del etenedil bencenosulfónico) a 1 y 3 % (p/v) sobre la reflectancia foliar, crecimiento, fotosíntesis y conductancia estomá-tica de dos cultivos agrícolas, maíz (Zea mays L.) y tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.). La aplicación del abrillantador óptico sobre las hojas de maíz y tomate incrementó el porcentaje de reflectancia en un intervalo de 1.5 a 2.5 y de 1.6 a 1.9 veces, respectivamente, en las longitudes de onda correspondientes al espectro de absorción de las clorofilas a y b. Su aplicación continua a 1 y 3 % sobre plantas de maíz en condiciones de invernadero, afectó la altura de planta, área foliar y peso seco (P ≤ 0.05). En contraste, tales tratamientos no afectaron el crecimiento de las plantas de tomate. La aplicación del abrillantador a 1 y 3 % no afectó la tasa de asimilación de CO2 ni la conductancia estomática de maíz y tomate. Estos resultados indican que el efecto de este abrillantador óptico sobre el crecimiento de las plantas puede estar relacionado con diferencias estructurales o fisiológicas de las mismas.
MODELO DE FINLAY Y WILKINSON VS. EL MODELO AMMI PARA ANALIZAR LA INTERACCIÓN GENOTIPO-AMBIENTE EN SORGO
Authors: Williams-Alanís Héctor , Pecina-Quintero Víctor , Zavala-García Francisco , Montes-García Noé , Gámez-Vázquez A. Josué , Arcos-Cavazos Gerardo , García-Gracia Miguel A. , Montes-Hernández Salvador , Alcalá-Salinas Leticia
Published: October 2020

Con el objetivo de evaluar el rendimiento de grano y la estabilidad de genotipos de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench), se sembraron 44 híbridos en 16 ambientes, durante los años 2001 y 2002 en los Estados de Tamaulipas, Nuevo León y Coahuila, México. La interacción genotipo-ambiente se estimó con el modelo de regresión de Finlay y Wilkinson y con el de efectos principales aditivos e interacciones multiplicativas (AMMI). El modelo AMMI resultó más efectivo para caracterizar el comportamiento de los genotipos que el análisis de Finlay y Wilkinson. Los cuatro primeros componentes principales (ACP) del modelo AMMI fueron significativos (P < 0.01), y explicaron 28, 19, 10 y 9 % de la suma de cuadrados de la interacción. En total, el modelo AMMI retuvo 75 % de la suma de cuadrados total, mientras que el residual sólo representó 4 %, lo que sugiere que el modelo AMMI fue efectivo para explicar el comportamiento de los genotipos. En este estudio los híbridos de sorgo más estables fueron ʻ RB-119x435ʼ , ʻ Magnumʼ , ʻ RB106x25CEAʼ , ʻ RB-118x430REAʼ , ʻ RB-119x430CEAʼ , ʻ Asgrow Coralʼ y ʻ WAC-690ʼ . No se observó asociación entre los híbridos más productivos y los mejores ambientes de producción.
YEŞİL ÜRÜNLERDE ALGILANAN TÜKETİM DEĞERLERİNİN TÜKETİCİ SEÇİM DAVRANIŞINA ETKİSİ
Authors: DEMİR Didem , ÇABUK Serap
Published: October 2020

Bu çalışmada sürdürülebilir tüketim
adına tüketicilerin hangi değer algılarının yeşil ürünleri tercih etmelerine
sebep olduğu araştırılmıştır. Bir ürün satın alırken tüketicilerin
algıladıkları tüketim değerleriyle seçim davranışlarını analiz etmek ve
tüketici davranışlarını anlamak, sürdürülebilir tüketime yönelik davranışları
değiştirmek için oldukça önemlidir. Bu bağlamda tüketim değerleri teorisinden
yararlanılmıştır. Tüketim değerleri teorisi, tüketicilerin belirli bir ürünü
neden satın aldıklarını veya neden bir ürünü yada markayı  diğerine tercih ettiklerini açıklayan tüketim
değerlerine odaklanmaktadır. Teori, çok çeşitli ürünleri kapsayacak şekilde
uygulanabilir. İnternet üzerinden 402 kişi ile yapılan araştırma sonucunda,
tüketiciler tarafından algılanan tüketim değerlerinin (fonksiyonel değer,
duygusal değer, koşullu değer, epistemik değer, sosyal değer) tüketicilerin yeşil
ürünleri seçmeleri üzerine etkileri olduğu ortaya konmuştur.
Regulación del gen PEIG-1/GPRC5A por 12-O-tetradecanoilforbol-13-acetato
Authors:   , Mori Consuelo
Published: October 2020

Los receptores acoplados a proteínas G (“G protein-coupled receptors”, GPCRs), son proteínas integrales de membrana en la superficie celular y pertenecen a una de las superfamilias más grandes y diversas de receptores. Más del 30 % de las drogas farmacéuticas disponibles comercialmente ejercen su efecto por medio de esta clase de receptores. GPRC5A, también conocido como proteína 3 inducible por ácido retinoico (RAI3) o gen 1 inducible por ácido retinoico (RAIG1), fue clonado por primera vez en nuestro laboratorio con el nombre de gen 1 inducible por éster de forbol (“phorbol ester induced gene 1” o PEG-1), ya que fue encontrado por ser un gen inducible por 12 - O -tetradecanoilforbol-13-acetato (TPA/PMA). Comúnmente, TPA es empleado como agente promotor de tumores, aunque también se ha observado una disminución en la capacidad proliferativa en células de linfoma tratadas con TPA. La desregulación de GPRC5A, ha sido relacionada con el desarrollo de distintos tipos de cáncer en humanos y con su capacidad supresora de tumores, dependiendo del tejido. En este trabajo, se demostró que la inducción de GPRC5A por TPA, en células T84 de cáncer de colon, es regulada positivamente por las vías de señalización PKC/Ca2+, PKA, MEK y SGK1; mientras que es regulada negativamente por JNK. Las vías de señalización AKT, p38, NF-ĸB, IL-1β, Cl- y las ROS no se encuentran involucradas en su regulación por TPA. Por otro lado, TPA produjo un aumento en la producción de ROS celular y mitocondrial, efecto que fue reducido en células silenciadas en la expresión de GPRC5A mediante transfección con el plásmido CRISPR/Cas9 para este gen (T84/pARNg3); esto sugiere que la señalización de GPRC5A reduce la producción de ROS mediada por TPA -->PKC. Además, se observó que TPA redujo la apoptosis celular, mientras que las células T84/pARNg3 tratadas con TPA la aumentaron. La apoptosis fue mediada por caspasa 3, pero no por caspasa 8 y 9. Los resultados sugieren que GPRC5A participa en la regulación de la apoptosis mediada por caspasa en células T84 de cáncer de colon.
De las doctrinas Drago y Haya de la Torre a la “integración solidaria” de Puig: bases teóricas para la integración regional en el pensamiento latinoamericano
Authors: Clemente Aldana
Published: October 2020

El presente artículo analiza el pensamiento latinoamericano en torno a relaciones internacionales, específicamente sobre la integración regional, enfocándose en tres propuestas surgidas en América Latina en diferentes momentos históricos, como fueron las doctrinas Drago y Haya de la Torre (a principios del siglo XX) y la noción de “integración solidaria” ideada por Juan Carlos Puig (a fines del mismo siglo). Dichas propuestas se inscriben, a pesar de su distancia temporal, en un paradigma que privilegió el estudio de las relaciones internacionales desde una concepción de mundo propia y ligada a su lugar de origen, enmarcada en los procesos históricos propios vividos a lo largo del siglo XX en la región, a partir de los cuales es posible analizar la integración al sistema mundo de América Latina y considerar posibles vías de solución a la problemática de la presión ejercida por las grandes potencias.
Participación juvenil con centralidad en el sí mismo: adhocracias en un grupo de estudios chileno
Authors: Henríquez Karla
Published: October 2020

El artículo propone identificar los componentes adhocráticos de la participación política de jóvenes en un grupo de estudio universitario chileno. A partir de las denominadas estructuras organizativas adhocráticas, se exponen, en particular, los orígenes y confluencias entre los integrantes del grupo de estudio, estructuras organizativas horizontales con liderazgos situacionales y la interseccionalidad adhocrática como punto de convergencia entre intereses asociados a la militancia, la formación académica y la experiencia profesional. El estudio es de tipo cualitativo, mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas efectuadas a cinco miembros del grupo de estudio. Entre los principales resultados destacan nuevas formas de estructura organizativa en un grupo con objetivos políticos en donde son protagonistas los intereses personales, articulados con objetivos colectivos; las relaciones de tipo horizontal basadas en la colaboración, que permiten la autorrealización personal a partir de la satisfacción de intereses de participación de carácter egosintónico, o bien, que permiten responder a necesidades e inquietudes individuales. Los hallazgos permiten complejizar el concepto de adhocracia y ampliar su campo de aplicación para llevarlo desde el ámbito de la psicología social de las organizaciones al campo de la comprensón de las organizaciones políticas juveniles no partidistas y autogestionadas.
About methodology of identification of rural settlements with using the available information about them in documents and cartographic materials of the 16th–19th centuries (on the examples rural of Ruzsky District of Moscow Province)
Authors: Krassowski Anton
Published: October 2020

The research presented in this article is devoted to solving the problem of searching for information about rural in the materials of the 16th-19th centuries when performing historical, genealogical, local history and similar studies, which arise as a result of the instability in time of their names and changes in the places where information about them is stored.

The study found that initially this problem (the problem of identification) was solved by specifying various features for rural in documents in addition to their names, and later — in addition to this, by drawing up drawings and plans depicting the mutual location of rural and surrounding terrain objects, however, the systematization of these features and methods of their use, suitable for use in the preparation of algorithms for the functioning of modern geoinformation systems has not been developed so far.

We present in this article the work is done using information about the rural of Ruzsky district, Moscow province contained in the historical documents of 16th–19th centuries and a synthesis of their literature (Cadastre, Census, Metric, Boundary, Sentinel, Accountant, Income, Domashnih and Quitrent books, as well as in the Confessional statements), and on cartographic materials of the 17th–19th centuries (drawings, plans, maps and one diagram), on the basis of which criteria identification of rural and the methodology of its implementation.

In the course of the work, the systematization of the factual material and its presentation in tabular form, suitable both for the purposes of the presented research, and for use by other specialists working in related fields of science and practice. The approbation of the proposed method, the evaluation of its effectiveness and the results obtained in the course of this work showed the possibility of applying the results of the presented work for practical use.
Technological aspects of creating a web GIS of cultural heritage objects for spatial development of the territory on the example of the Novosibirsk region
Authors: Yankelevich Svetlana , Lebzak Anastasiya , Lebzak Evgenii
Published: October 2020

The level of information security of the cultural heritage of the region has a direct impact on the spatial development of the territory. Most often this is expressed in the quantity and quality of scientific research in this area, measures to protect and popularize the cultural heritage of the region, and, as a result, the level of development of educational tourism in this area.

The widespread accessibility of the Internet in our country, as well as the annual enormous increase in the number of mobile Internet users, makes it possible to disseminate a large amount of heterogeneous information as quickly and efficiently as possible. Therefore, web technologies are rationally applied to increase the level of information security of cultural heritage objects.

Geospatial information perceived by the user preferably in a graphical form, for example, using interactive maps and web-GIS. To create them, you need to integrate web technologies and geoinformation mapping. The article presents a study of the advantages and disadvantages of using web technologies in cartography.

In the process of research, a technology for creating web GIS of cultural heritage objects was developed, based on the integration of web technologies and geoinformation mapping. The article describes in detail the main stages and features of creating such geoinformation products, as well as the requirements for them.

A prototype of the web GIS “Cultural heritage of the Novosibirsk region” has been developed.it can be used by any person for educational purposes, as well as by territorial bodies of protection of cultural heritage objects, local governments, construction organizations, road enterprises, land use and subsoil use enterprises, educational and scientific organizations, as well as tour operators and other economic entities.
Transformation of the oikonyms of the Republic of Tajikistan: analysis and mapping
Authors: Gerasimenko Tatiana , Sviatokha Natalia
Published: October 2020

Toponymy of different epochs on the map of Tajikistan, as well as other complex ethno-cultural regions, coexists. It is explained by the dynamics of the ethnic composition of the population for millennia. Toponymy in a certain extent reflects the historical and geographical specifics of the region. Several toponymic layers are highlighted on the map of the republic. The “Soviet” layer reflects the processes of unification that were prevailing during this period of time throughout the entire Soviet space. As part of the project, supported by a grant from the Russian Geographical Society, it is planned to create a series of maps showing the change in toponymy in the post-Soviet space. The purpose of this stage of the study was to analyze the transformation of the oikonyms of the level of district centers throughout the 20th–21st centuries, and especially in the post-Soviet period. The scale of renaming is much wider and applies to oronyms, hydronyms and other toponyms. In the framework of the historical and geographical approach, we used a system of methods to identify transformation trends: comparison of multi-temporal maps, statistical, geoinformation. We have created a database based on an analysis of the dynamics of the oikonymy of sixty-five settlements of Tajikistan over the period of the 20th–21st centuries.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union the processes of regionalization and transformation of the cultural and geographical space intensified and accelerated on the territory of the newly formed sovereign states. One of the indicators of these processes became a large-scale tendency to rename the names of geographical objects. In the Republic of Tajikistan, the renaming of districts, cities, rural settlements and individual objects is carried out in the several directions. They are: a replacement of “Soviet” (for the most part Russian) names, renaming some Turkic (Uzbek) place names, and renaming also some place names in Tajik. Most of the renamed settlements received historical names or the names of figures of Tajik history and culture.

An analysis of the processes of change, in particular, desovetization, derusification, deturization and transformation of traditional Tajik toponyms, revealed the need to fix the current and lost toponymic system of Tajikistan, as well as other post-Soviet countries.
The use of electronic atlases for school geography teaching (for Georgian schools)
Authors: Gorgodze Tedo , Gudzuadze Gocha
Published: October 2020

Over the centuries, methods and techniques for creation and use of maps and atlases have gradually developed and improved. Cartographic products today are used by a large number of individuals, groups, companies or organizations. They are used for decision making, navigation, training, relaxation, information and many other practical purposes. Accordingly, the objective of modern cartography is to broaden the knowledge of cartography and geographic information and methods of its use among the general public, especially among schoolchildren. Practical experience shows that modern technologies (phones, smartphones, tablets, etc.) are of particular interest to students, so electronic theoretical and illustrative material should occupy an appropriate place in the teaching of school subjects. Learning subjects not only by textbooks but also using digital explanation will make learning process easier and happier. This article discusses a project “Geography of continents and oceans, electronic atlas”, created for electronic teaching of geography in the school system in Georgia. The project is intended as supporting material for the 7th and 8th grades of public schools and will enter into force in the 2020–2021 academic years. Successful implementation of the project will allow us opportunity similarly develop an electronic education method for other classes in public schools and will allow method to be used in other disciplines or to be extended to special secondary and higher educational institutions.
Some geographical dimensions of Georgia’s sustainable development
Authors: Elizbarashvili Nodar , Gogoladze Sandro , Elizbarashvili Rusudan , Grigolia Lado , Sandodze Gela
Published: October 2020

Modern Georgia faces many challenges. An important part of them is geopolitical, social, economic and environmental problems. Because of this, the Georgian Geographic School should further intensify action towards integrating its separate fields (directions), geographical research regionalization, and a unified research on sustainable development issues. The rapid dynamics of environmental factors and the interests of the country raise new challenges, which are a major challenge for the Georgian Geographic School. Such tasks include the use of geographic (space-time) research and its methodology to solve sustainable development problems.

Georgia is a unique country. It has many features in the world. These include natural and landscape diversity, unique soil and climate resources, favorable geographical (and not geopolitical) location, traditions of agriculture and food industry, healthy ecological conditions, relatively high share of natural environment, fresh and mineral-thermal water resources, tourism-Recreational potential, et al. Despite these circumstances, many recognized directions for sustainable development are virtually unfulfilled. This situation contributes to the nihilism of the population. As a result, the economic, social, environmental and demographic situation in the regions of Georgia is particularly difficult. This can be remedied by the introduction of special state policies, European legal regulations and regional scientific and geographical surveys.

The article discusses issues related to Georgia's sustainable development, such as: promoting decentralization, preventing negative demographic trends (creating centers of attraction), optimizing the use of nature (green economy prospects), and the need for regional specialization in agriculture.
TELAAH FUNGSIONAL KONSEPSI INSENTIF TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI
Authors: Akilah Fahmiah , Rahman Danial
Published: October 2020

Employee satisfaction of the suitability between the business and the outcome of his work is not necessarily felt by the employees, but not separated from the affect it. Employees will feel satisfied when their work is appreciated. The satisfaction felt by the employees can be determined by various factors, among them is giving incentives. Providing incentives will make employees feel the attention and recognition of achievements that are achieved so that the spirit of work and loyalty will be better. Employee will feel the satisfaction of his job if achievement achieved can be rewarded by giving incentives. Giving incentives to improve employee satisfaction does not only apply to organizations with profit, but also on nonprofit organizations (including educational institutions). Therefore, giving incentives is an important element that needs to be considered when trying to give satisfaction to the employees in their work.
CHILDREN'S RIGHTS BEFORE THE LAW: A ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN THE CHILD PROTECTION SYSTEM
Authors: Asiri Hatija , Sugirman Andi
Published: October 2020

Protection of children's rights before the law has been regulated in Law No. 11 of 2012 concerning the child protection system and is specifically followed up in the Local Regulation of Bone Regency No. 1 of 2014. Children's inability in legal matters makes the State provide protection to children in conflict with the law. Legal protection for children is the obligation of the State as a mandate of the 1945 Constitution. The problem that arises is that cases of children dealing with the law continue to increase, so it is important to see the form of the role of the government in giving rights to children in conflict with the law. This research is a normative empirical study with a normative juridical legal research approach. Analyzing legal theories and statutory regulations, comparison of laws (comparison approach). The findings of this study indicate that children who are in conflict with the law, the government has provided diversion protection, namely protection at the level of the judicial process, investigation and prosecution. The position of diversion is given by the government to children as victims, perpetrators and witnesses in criminal acts. Local governments in providing productive protection for children in trouble by providing educational and economic assistance. The implication of this finding shows that children are the generation of the nation who deserve protection from the State, even though these children are in conflict with the law.
A specific feature of the diagnosis of primary arterial hypertension in elderly patients
Authors: Volobuev Andrei N. , Romanchuk Petr I.
Published: October 2020

Objective the analysis of a group of factors, leading to the increase of pulse pressure in the direction from aorta to microcirculation vessels, in order to define the diagnostic criterion for exception of primary arterial hypertension.
Material and methods.In the study, the modelling of the functions of arteries in cardiovascular system was used.
Results.The role of the increase of pulse pressure to the periphery of blood circulation was regarded as the diagnostic attribute of exception of the primary arterial hypertension. It was noted, that physical factors of the increase of pulse pressure to the periphery of blood circulation were insignificant. The cardiovascular reflex has the major influence on the increase of pulse pressure, its deterioration results in the decrease of this pressure.
Conclusion.The analysis revealed the fact, that the normal ankle-brachial index allows for exclusion of primary arterial hypertension in a patient, even if the absolute values of arterial pressure are in the limits corresponding to this disease.
Complex neuroimaging of traumatic brain injury: radiography and computed tomography
Authors: Yarikov Anton V. , Ermolaev Anton Y. , Leonov Vasilii A. , Kalinkin Aleksandr A. , Fraerman Aleksandr P. , Astakhov Aleksei I. , Rudnev Yurii V.
Published: October 2020

Every year, 1.5 million people die from traumatic brain injury, 50 thousand of them in Russia. A modern diagnostics of traumatic brain injury (TBI) reduces the mortality and improves the quality of medical care. The article discusses the advanced instrumental methods for diagnosing TBI: X-ray and CT of the skull, CT angiography, CT cisternography (CT-C), CT perfusion and selective cerebral angiography.
The advantages and disadvantages of each method are considered. The authors also described the indications for each of the above-mentioned methods.
Technology Implementation in SMEs
Authors: Rachmawati Resti , Heniawati Heniawati , Mubarok Teten Mohamad Sapril
Published: October 2020

Purpose - This study aims to examine conceptually the implementation of the use of technology in SMEs, what is the driving force,  and inhibiting factors based on theoretical and empirical studies.

Design / Methodology / Approach - this research method is a literature study or literature study that contains theories that are relevant to research problems

Findings-technology has a significant role in the development of SMEs, arguing that there are six main areas to develop entrepreneurial competencies, namely opportunity, relationship, conceptual, organizing strategic, and commitment skill.

Research Limitations / Implications - This research only discusses research and studies related to aspects of SME information technology, learning organizations, drivers of implementation as well as E-Wom factors in SMEs within specific period time.

Practical Implications-It could serve as a basis for future research on technology in SMEs

Originality-This research has originality by comparing several aspects of research  so that it produces some interesting aspects to be studied in technology implementation research in SMEs.

Latest-Value Information and can understand in the framework of the implementation of SME technology concerning business performance.
EARNINGS MANAGEMENT : Empirical Study of LQ45 Companies Listed
Authors: Agustiani Risma , Maulana Ridwan , Subangkit Wita Wahyuni
Published: October 2020

Purpose- This study aims to explore earnings management in LQ45 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2011-2015. The factors tested in this study are profitability, financial leverage and company size as the independent variable, while earnings management as the dependent variable.

Design/Methodology/Approach- The population in this study consisted of 45 companies included in LQ45 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2011-2015 period. The research sample consisted of 22 companies using a sampling technique that is purposive judgment sampling. The data used is secondary data. The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The conclusion of the hypothesis is done by observing the coefficient of determination by considering the results of the significant test that is the t-test and F-test significance level of 5%, which first have been tested classical assumptions such as normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedastity test, and autocorrelation test. All statistical calculations in this study were carried out using SPSS version 21.0.

Findings- Based on the results of the study showed that partially only financial leverage variables that significantly influence earnings management, while profitability and company size variables did not significantly influence earnings management. Simultaneously profitability, financial leverage and firm size significantly influence earnings management.

Research Limitations/Implications- This study has several limitations, including the following: 1) Research subjects are limited to companies included in LQ45 companies listed on the ID. 2) The research year is limited only during the 2011-2015 period. 3) The research variables only use three independent variables, namely profitability, financial leverage, and company size.

Practical Implications- The advice that researchers can convey based on the results of research that has been done is: 1) For the company, it is suggested that the company be more effective and efficient in carrying out company activities in order to reduce earnings management practices so that the company can demonstrate its performance appropriately. 2) For investors, the results of the study show that earnings management practices can be influenced by the amount of financial leverage. It is therefore recommended to consider ratios in investment decision making.

Originallity / Value- The results of this study are not in accordance with the study which states that simultaneous company size, profitability, and financial leverage do not have a significant effect on the dependent variable, namely earnings management.
Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) in Relation to The Production Planning Study in PT Pupuk Kujang Cikampek
Authors: Putra Tri Adi , Farizki Abdul Ro’uf , Setiawan Dicky Pratama
Published: October 2020

Purpose- In planning production, many companies upon request from the marketing of products, but at the PT. Pupuk Kujang Cikampek most priority is the performance of the machine as a standard for production planning so that historical date engine performance is well documented. Therefore, this study analyzes the overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) by a factor of availability, performance efficiency dan rate of quality product in relation to the production planning.

Design/Methodology/Approach- Production Planning over a period of 5 years, only units of ammonia and urea 1B  which meet the standards of a world class company in PT Pupuk Kujang Cikampek.

Findings- OEE Values ​​of ammonia and urea units 1A amounted to 75.11% which does not include a world-class, in which the operation of the plant is acceptable to record improvements to be 85%, with the risk of economic loss and there is the plant's competitiveness is low. But for ammonia and urea unit 1B has a value of 87.43% OEE which includes world-class company with the almost perfect operation and competitiveness of the plant is quite good but it should still maintain engine performance through regular and planned maintenance.

Research Limitations/Implications- This research has not revealed the effect of annual maintenance on engine performance, but it has been illustrated that after each repair, the availability value has not been optimum.

Practical Implications- Companies can use the concept of Hansen to calculate the engine improvements that will be made into consideration in planning production will be better in preparing the RKAP. Then the production volume increases depending on the needs of the machine so it needs to improve maintenance management with good maintenance, repair or damage maintenance. 12 days ago will be held.
Reflexiones jurídicas y sociojurídicas contemporáneas
Authors: Buitrago Escobar Adriana María ,   Universidad Santiago de Cali
Published: October 2020

Aequitas, colección de la Facultad de Derecho, es un proyecto que retomamos como Facultad, luego de una primera fase en la que salió a la luz pública la revista Aequitas, la cual estaba asociada principalmente al desarrollo investigativo de docentes y estudiantes de la Maestría en Derecho. El posicionamiento de nuestra revista científica Contextos, que el 28 de enero de 2015 pasó a estar indexada por Colciencias en el Índice Bibliográfico Nacional de Publicaciones Seriadas, Científicas y Tecnológicas Colombianas – IBN Publindex, nos permite retomar el propósito de sacar adelante una colección que brinde a la comunidad académica, documentos derivados de nuestra producción investigativa y que sirvan para el análisis jurídico y sociojurídico en general. Esta colección busca reunir resultados de investigación de los estamentos de nuestra universidad, vinculados a los procesos investigativos que se desarrollan en esta fase institucional de “Transformación y Buen Gobierno”. Para garantizar elevados niveles de inclusión, pero a la vez de calidad, se publican artículos que han pasado por una convocatoria pública interna y por un detallado proceso de evaluación adelantado por pares académicos anónimos.
Quinientos años de la presencia afrodescendiente en el pacífico colombiano: una visión de contraste
Authors:   Universidad Santiago de Cali, Gonzalez Sevillano Pedro Hernando
Published: October 2020

El 27 de septiembre de 1513 –y no el 25 como se decía tradicionalmente– sesenta y siete europeos salieron al Océano Pacífico por el golfo de San Martín (Panamá) en busca del Perú, territorio desconocido para ellos geográficamente, pero inmensamente rico según las referencias obtenidas de los indígenas de la región del Darién. La historiografía tradicional ha destacado el proceso de conquista y sometimiento del imperio inca, pero ha invisibilizado un aspecto insoslayable: para llegar al Perú, los españoles tuvieron que recorrer primero la Costa Pacífica de Colombia y Ecuador; y este recorrido presenta vacíos e inconsistencias evidentes. También se ha invisibilizado y menospreciado la participación de la etnia negra desde un primer momento. En el listado que presenta Andrés de Valderrábano, escribano oficial de la Corona española en Tierra Firme, aparecen firmando el Acta de Posesión de la Mar del Sur dos negros a quienes se les destaca por el color de su piel diferente al del resto de sus compañeros: Juan de Beas y Ñuflo de Olano “de color negro” (Fernández de Oviedo y Valdés, 1 85 3, p. 25).
TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF EXERCISE ON PHYSICAL FITNESS OF HEALTHY MEDICAL STUDENTS AND TRAINED ATHLETES USING STEP TEST.
Authors: Bora Rituparna , Dutta Utpal
Published: October 2020

INTRODUCTION : Physical fitness implies the ability to make adequate physiological adjustments to the stresses imposed by a specific task. Good cardiorespiratory function is reflected by the ability to deliver oxygen to the tissues to maintain continuous activity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS : The present study was carried out to study the effect of exercise on the physical fitness of healthy young adults. Exercise stress test was done by Harvard step test. Study population comprised of 100 young adults with subset of 50 trained athletes and 50 sedentary healthy adults. The parameter for measuring Physical fitness was Physical Fitness Index.
RESULTS: Mean value of PFI in trained athletes and sedentary healthy adults were 85.42 and 72.79 respectively i.e., mean value of PFI is higher in trained than sedentary group. This is statistically highly significant (P value < 0.001).
CONCLUSION: The study reveals that physical fitness is high in trained athletes than the untrained group. There is a need for inclusion of regular exercise in medical students to attain high level of physical fitness.
"COMPARISON OF ANALGESIC EFFECT OF INTRAMUSCULAR NALBUPHINE AND TRAMADOL IN POST OPERATIVE PAIN"
Authors: Vansola Reema , Gohil Shivrajsinh , Zalavadiya Maulik , Garbadavala Rasida , Karkar Sanket
Published: October 2020

Pain is omnipresent; is an intolerable sensation, which make patient vulnerable. It is well documented that pain is often inadequately treated, can be deleterious and can lead to number of complications in post-operative period. Nalbuphine and Tramadolare the drugs which we had compared here for there efficacy in postoperative analgesia and there side effects. IM Nalbuphine is safe and effective alternative for relief of moderate to sever postoperative analgesia compared to IM tramadol in equianalgesia doses.
EFFECT OF OXYGEN SUPPLEMENTATION ON LOW LANDERS ON ASCENDING TO HIGH ALTITUDE WITH PRECORDIAL ECG CHANGES WITHOUT HIGH ALTITUDE ILLNESS
Authors: Krishna Surabhi Venkata Satya , Vishnoi MG , Nagamanju S.
Published: October 2020

High altitude syndromes are illnesses attributed directly to hypobaric hypoxia. Hypobaric Hypoxic pressure changes in the right side of the heart with ECG changes in right precordial leads are seen in cases like High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE), Pulmonary Thormboembolism (PTE) and thrombotic cause in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Cases of these mimics with T wave inversion in precordial chest leads are seen in low landers on induction into high altitude without any high altitude illness, ACS or PTE. These findings may reflect asymptomatic pressure changes in the heart and pulmonary vasculature due to hypobaric hypoxia of high altitude to the point where they are not manifested. High altitude environment is itself being a procoagulant state compounded with hypobaric hypoxia, if these changes are not addressed in time and not treated with oxygen supplementation, these individuals may present at a later stage with HAPE or SAMS. We hypothesized that oxygen supplementation can reverse these changes. Intervention study with oxygen supplementation @ 6/min intermittently over 12 hr/day was given in all those individuals who have T wave inversion in precordial ECG meeting inclusion criteria over a week. The study was conducted at peripheral hospital 11000ft in Himalayan ranges over a period of 06 months. 100 % of cases had shown normalization of T waves in response to oxygen supplementation. However 02 individuals had recurrence of ECG changes and they were deinducted to plains. None of them developed high altitude illness over next 06 months of followup.
A RARE CASE SCENARIO OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA
Authors: Mishra Arpita
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Multiple Myeloma (MM) constitutes for 10% of all haematological malignancies and 1% of all malignancies. They cover a wide spectrum of diseases from the premalignant condition Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance(MGUS) to symptomatic Multiple Myeloma, Malignant Lymphomas, and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL).Objective: Presenting a case report of a rare case of Multiple Myeloma which does not quite well fit into the said subclassifications. Result: Serum free light chain ratio is normal with M spike. Conclusion: A patient presenting with clinical features of multiple myeloma should undergo extensive work up for not only correct diagnosis but also for follow up.
Model Order Reduction for Lumped RC Transmission Lines
Authors: Najm Farid N.
Published: October 2020

We start with a detailed review of the PACT approach for model order reduction of RC networks. We then develop a method that uses PACT as a preprocessing step to transform a generic lumped RC transmission line of some nominal order, based on a nominal (r,c) setting, into a parameterized circuit captured in a SPICE sub-circuit description. Then, given any other lumped RC line of the same order, we pass its (r,c) setting as parameters to this sub-circuit so as to automatically transform and reduce the line into a reduced order model without having to rerun PACT. In this way, we effectively characterize lumped RC transmission lines in a way that allows them to be reduced on-the-fly without any expensive processing.
EVALUACIÓN TOMOGRÁFICA DE LA FRECUENCIA DE UN SEGUNDO CONDUCTO RADICULAR EN INCISIVOS MANDIBULARES OBSERVADAS EN TOMOGRAFÍA COMPUTARIZADA DE HAZ CÓNICO
Authors: Muñoz Macias Maholy
Published: October 2020

Para obtener un tratamiento exitoso en endodoncia, se requiere un conocimiento preciso de la anatomíainterna del sistema de conductos radiculares. Tomando en cuenta que las radiografías periapicales limitan en la determinación de la morfología del conducto, la Tomografía Computarizada de Haz Cónicopuede ser útil en casos de interés para el conocimiento de ésta. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de un segundo conducto radicular en incisivos mandibulares en Tomografías Computarizadas de Haz Cónico de pacientes que acudieron al servicio de Radiología Oral y Maxilofacial del Centro Dental de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia en sede San Isidro periodo 2017-2018.
MANEJO ENDODÓNTICO DE UNA CONFIGURACIÓN ANATÓMICA ATÍPICA EN UN PRIMER MOLAR MAXILAR: REPORTE DE CASO
Authors: Gárate Correa Lenin Gabriel
Published: October 2020

Para desarrollar un plan de tratamiento endodóntico adecuado es fundamental el conocimiento de la anatomía. El objetivo de este artículo es describir el manejo endodóntico de un molar superior con cuatro raíces en un paciente de 12 años de edad con diagnóstico de pulpitis irreversible. Dos raíces palatinas, una raíz mesio vestibular y una raíz disto vestibular fueron identificadas en la radiografía periapical. Bajo magnificación de 4x se observó cinco conductos: mesio vestibular uno (MB1), mesio vestibular dos (MB2), conducto mesio palatino (CMP), conducto disto palatino (CDP) y conducto palatino tres (CP3) los cuales fueron tratados sin complicaciones y obturados mediante técnica de condensación lateral en frío.
Pembentukan Poliembrioni pada Biji Buah Jeruk Peras (Citrus sinensis L.)
Authors: Wahyudhi Aditya
Published: October 2020

Poliembrioni merupakan pembentukan lebih dari satu embrio yang terjadi pada biji yang dikecambahkan. Terjadinya poliembrioni akibat zigot yang terpecah, perkembangan satu atau lebih sinergit, dan terdapat satu atau lebih kantung embrio per inti sel, dan variasi benuk adventif dari embrio. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengkaji pembentukan benih poliembrioni pada buah jeruk peras dan mempelajari pertumbuhan bibit dari benih poliembrioni. Berdasarkan pengamatan terhadap beberapa buah jeruk peras didapat bahwa rerata presentrase pembentukan benih poliembrioni pada setiap buah jeruk peras yaitu 47,92%. Adapun pertumbuhan bibit jeruk asal benih poliembrioni saat berumur 4 minggu yaitu tinggi tanaman rata-rata sebesar 3,075 cm, diameter biji 0,111 cm, jumlah daun 2 helai, luas daun 2,21 cm2, berat kering bibit 0,34 g, dan vigor hipotetis sebesar 7,76. Bibit jeruk yang tumbuh dari embriozigotik umumnya memiliki tampilan yang berbeda dari induknya karena gen yang berasa dari dua tetua. Namun bibit yang tumbuh dari embrio nuselar memiliki tampilan yang sama dengan induk betina akibat diferensiasi sel somatik.
Estudantes de pedagogia e sua escrita: algumas dificuldades
Authors: De Almeida Carolina Gonçalves
Published: October 2020

Este trabalho retrata parte de uma pesquisa sobre a relação entre estudantes de pedagogia e a escrita, através de suas autoavaliações e da percepção dos docentes. Participaram do estudo vinte e seis estudantes e quinze professores do curso de uma universidade privada do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa consiste em um estudo de caso, e as técnicas utilizadas foram entrevistas e questionários. Os dados foram analisados com base nos programas Excel e Atlas Ti. Os resultados revelaram que as maiores dificuldades dos alunos são do tipo ‘organizacionais’.
A formação do professorado brasileiro: as realizações e inquietudes de Anísio Teixeira (anos 1930 e 1950)
Authors: Pinheiro Fabricia Lopes
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo intenta contribuir para a reflexão entre as experiências anisianas, relacionadas à formação do professorado nacional, desenvolvidas no Distrito Federal, nas décadas de 1930 e 1950. A temática da intervenção no sistema educacional brasileiro nos períodos estudados vem sendo objeto de estudo, no sentido de se perceber de que modo uma estratégia de ação pedagógica de formação de professores ocorreu nesses períodos e quais suas principais diretrizes político-filosóficas. Dessa forma, procuramos apontar as aproximações e distanciamentos das políticas de formação de professores encaminhadas por Anísio Teixeira, nas décadas de 1930 e 1950.
Trajetória e realidade na educação do campo do Pará
Authors: Pereira Rosenildo da Costa
Published: October 2020

O estudo procura analisar a educação do campo no Pará, apresentando dados estatísticos educacionais, que expressam a realidade da educação no estado em face desse processo e as articulações realizadas pelos sujeitos locais, no sentido de reverter a perversa situação da educação no meio rural local. De igual modo, pretende-se apresentar as conquistas do Movimento Paraense de Educação do Campo, a partir das políticas de educação do campo presente na nossa região. O estudo abrangeu análise documental e bibliográfica, apontando a realidade e as conquistas desse movimento.
Avaliação dos indicadores de desempenho operacionais e de qualidade do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento para sistemas de abastecimento de água e esgotamento sanitário
Authors: Costa Mundim Bernardo , Volschan Junior Isaac
Published: October 2020

O artigo avalia os indicadores de desempenho operacionais e de qualidade do Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento (SNIS) para sistemas de abastecimento de água (SAA) e esgotamento sanitário (SES). Levantaram-se os indicadores operacionais e de qualidade praticados por 11 sistemas nacionais e internacionais de avaliação, selecionaram-se 24 indicadores da base SNIS de 2015, visando à identificação de suas recorrências e aplicabilidades pelos demais. Por meio do Método Delphi, realizou-se uma consulta a 38 especialistas do setor de saneamento para a definição do grau de importância de cada indicador selecionado na avaliação de desempenho de SAA e SES. Os resultados demonstraram que 58% dos indicadores do SNIS são utilizados pelos demais sistemas avaliados e nenhum indicador obteve média inferior a classificação importante. Conclui-se que alguns indicadores do SNIS devem ser revistos e que os todos os indicadores selecionados foram considerados importantes para avaliar SAA e SES.
Palavras-chave: Abastecimento de água. Esgotamento sanitário. Indicadores de desempenho. SNIS.
EVALUATION OF COMPLEX INDICATOR OF ID-PROFILES OF ENTERPRISE STAFF: ECONOMIC APPROACH
Authors:   Central Ukrainian State Pedagogical University named after V. Vynnychenko, Panchenko Volodymyr
Published: October 2020

The article presents the author's method of estimating the complex indicator of ID-profiles of the company's personnel, developed on the basis of the economic approach. It is proved that the concept of "personnel security" is a process of identifying and neutralizing the impact on the economic security of the enterprise of various risks and threats associated with the actions and / or inaction of staff. It is established that the "personnel security system" is a set of interrelated relations between staff and owners (managers) to neutralize threats to the economic security of the enterprise. The concept of "personnel security management" is proposed, which should be understood as management actions of owners (management) to identify and neutralize the impact on the economic security of the enterprise of various risks and threats associated with the actions and / or inaction of staff. The own scheme of a technique of estimation of a complex indicator of ID-profiles of personnel of the enterprise which consists of four stages is offered that allowed to give offers on improvement of stages of an estimation of interdependence of the personnel enterprise which is built on set of departments of the enterprise. Developed adequate methods for assessing and modeling indicators of the personnel security system of the enterprise, in terms of structure and dynamics of personnel, wages and productivity, social indicators, level of education and qualifications, job organization and labor process and indicators related to the personnel component information security.
THE NURSES AS HEALTHCARE WARRIORS IN COVID-19: PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Prof. Dr. Gitumoni Konwar  , Ms. Urmijyoti Deori
Published: October 2020

The year 2020 is announced as “the year of the Nurses and midwives” by the World Health Organization to commemorate 200-year birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale. The declaration has given true sense by the outbreak of novel CORONA virus since the beginning of the year. The nurses are the frontline fighters against COVID-19 to save the humankind. They put their lives at risk and perform their duties and responsibilities round the clock towards the community, public health and hygiene. Nurses have been showing the act of heroism, be it during the wars, epidemics and at times of disasters such as Covid-19. Nurses are facing many challenges in carrying out their duties and one of the biggest challenges is shortage of nurses, due to which they are overloaded with work. Nurses play a crucial role in the healthcare delivery system and nursing services has a great impact on health outcome of patients and public. The nurses are the backbone of the healthcare services. The nurses play a vital role towards the improvement of public health and hygiene with their independent practice. There is incredible scope to utilize the qualified nurses in public health and hygiene in developing countries like India to improve the wellbeing and quality of life of community dwellers. The emphasis must be given in utilization of the professional nurses in the public health sector.
KEY WORDS: Nurses, COVID-19, challenges, Independent role and public health perspective.