bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Magical Journey into Knowledge Creation in Emergency Difficult Airway Access
Authors: Ramesh Arumugam
Published: November 2021

This article concludes a four-article series intended to ignite the minds of readers and empower them to create new knowledge in the context of 'emergency difficult airway access.' The first three articles described the process of knowledge creation in a clinical context where the anaesthesiologist is faced with a difficult airway in a medically underserved area. The utility of an educational app, the 'Research Genie (RG),' available on Google Play Store and App Store, to define and design a research study (knowledge creation) was explained. This article concludes the series with educating the reader in creating innovations based on the new knowledge. The steps of creating the product, process, position, and paradigm innovations are explained simply and comprehensively. Innovation jargon has been demystified for medical professionals to grasp the basis of intellectual property (IP). Various categories of IP, namely patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial designs, geographical indications, layout design of integrated circuits and plant variety protection have been described in an easily understandable format. The biodesign process of Stanford University has been adapted to elucidate the technique of designing medical devices. Identify-Invent-Implement is the framework followed in the Stanford model. The method to frame a needs statement in the strategic focus area of difficult airway access is explained for the reader to begin the process of innovation. Biodesign concepts such as decision tree analysis, business models, stakeholder analysis, financial planning, regulatory and reimbursement basics have been described. The reader is introduced to medical device rules (2017) that govern biomedical innovations in India. The 'RG' bids adieu to the readers with an invitation to create swaraj (freedom) for everyone in the world from economic, social and administrative constraints so that healthcare is affordable and accessible for all.
Efficacy of Antioxidants Therapy on Progression of Periodontal Disease – A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Wasti Jyoti , Wasti Amit , Singh Ritunja
Published: November 2021

Background and Aim:

Increased oxidative stress has emerged as one of the prime factors in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Hence, antioxidant therapy may become a promising tool in the treatment of periodontal disease. Uric acid is a major salivary antioxidant, levels of which decrease in periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of antioxidant therapy on the progression of periodontal disease.

Material and Methods:

This is a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted among 48 systemically healthy participants having generalized gingivitis with probing depth <3 mm, plaque index (PI) <1, and no bone and attachment loss. Participants were randomly assigned equally (n = 24) into two groups (test and control) using the lottery method. Full mouth scaling and root planing were performed in both the groups and oral hygiene instructions were given. Periodontal assessment at baseline 1 h after scaling and root planing was done with clinical parameters by a single examiner. Test group was prescribed; the commercially available anti-oxidant containing natural lycopene with green tea extract. Sample collection was done for both the groups at baseline and at the 45th day.

Results:

It was observed that significantly high results were obtained during intra-group comparison for both modified plaque index and sulcus bleeding index from baseline to 45 days. After treatment, a very highly significant increase (P ≤ 0.001) in the test group and significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in the control group were observed in salivary uric acid levels.

Conclusion:

Oral lycopene and green tea extract supplementation is positively associated with salivary uric acid levels and plays an important role in the management of gingivitis.
Antimicrobial Efficacy of Acacia Nilotica (Babul) Extract and its Effectiveness in Disinfecting Gutta Percha Cones - An In Vitro Study
Authors: Jagyasi Dolly R. , Chandwani Neelam D. , Gunwal Mohit K. , Ranka Aastha S.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Gutta-percha cones used directly from the manufacturer's sealed packs harbour micro-organisms. During clinical use, the chances of contamination of gutta-percha increases. Hence, disinfection of gutta-percha cones before use is essential to prevent canal recontamination.

Aim:

To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of babul against chemical disinfectants, and its effectiveness in disinfecting gutta-percha cones.

Materials and Methods:

The extract of babul was used to assess its antimicrobial activity against E-faecalis, S. aureus and C. albicans using the agar diffusion method. A total of 120 cones acquired from freshly opened manufacturers' pack were cut into three equal parts and divided into group I which was directly placed into a nutrient broth, group II was clinically contaminated with gloves for 30 s and placed into a nutrient broth, and the third part was clinically contaminated with gloves and decontaminated for 5 min using the experimental disinfectants to check for the presence of turbidity.

Statistical Analysis:

The data were analysed by an Unpaired t-test and Chi-square test at a significance level of P < 0.05 using software SPSS 20.

Results:

Two percent chlorhexidine showed maximum antibacterial action against E. faecalis and S. aureus followed by babul extract. It was also found more efficacious in decontaminating gutta-percha cones followed by babul and 3% sodium hypochlorite in 5 min.

Conclusion:

Babul herbal extract is indeed effective in decontaminating gutta-percha cones and is a better alternative to chemical disinfectants.
Assessment of Pulp Sensibility in the Mature Necrotic Teeth using Regenerative Endodontic Therapy with Various Scaffolds – Randomised Clinical Trial
Authors: Mittal Neelam , Baranwal Harakh C. , Kumar Praveen , Gupta Sakshi
Published: November 2021

Aim:

This study aimed to evaluate and compare the possibility of regaining pulp sensibility and objectives of regeneration procedure in mature necrotic teeth using regenerative endodontics.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 36 mature necrotic teeth were selected and a regenerative endodontic procedure was performed. A total of four groups, each involving n = 9 teeth per group were randomly grouped as (1) periapical bleeding, (2) platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), (3) collagen, and (4) hydroxyapatite. Pulp testing and radiographic assessment of periapical healing (PH) were recorded at every 3-month interval for 1 year. Readings were compared as qualitative data using the Kruskal–Wallis test to see the inter-group significant difference.

Results:

Readings of pulp sensibility revealed non-significant results in all intervals. At 3 and 6 months, 22.3% in the PRF group and 11.15% in collagen group; and at 9 months, 44.4% in PRF group, 33.3% in the collagen group and 22.2% in hydroxyapatite group; and at 12-months, 66.6% in PRF, 44.4% in the collagen group, 33.3% in the hydroxyapatite group and 11.1% in the periapical bleeding group showed a positive response to the cold test. But all groups did not show a positive response to heat and electric pulp testing and showed good PH in all groups at the end of 12 months.

Conclusions:

The presence of sensibility to cold test is indicative of the formation of vital pulp-like tissues, which was the highest in the PRF group, followed by the collagen, hydroxyapatite and periapical bleeding groups.
Comparative Analysis of the Naso/Oropharyngeal Swab and Oral Bio-Fluid (Whole Saliva) Samples for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 using RT-qPCR
Authors: Girish Parmar , Jayasankar Pillai , Abhishek Parmar , Sumeeta Soni , Gunvant Parmar , Shalin Parmar
Published: November 2021

Context:

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and was declared a pandemic disease by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. The nasopharyngeal and the oropharyngeal swabs are being taken during the screening procedure. However, the virus is also present in the oral bio-fluid and hence it could be a potential tool for screening COVID-19 cases.

Aim:

The aim of the present study was to test the accuracy of whole saliva as a diagnostic specimen in COVID-19.

Settings and Design:

This cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted on out-patients visiting the COVID-19 hospital.

Methods and Material:

The whole saliva and the nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples from 309 COVID-19 suspected patients were collected and subjected to RT-PCR analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The paired t test was used to compare the measured variables (CT values) between the saliva and the swab samples. The positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), the sensitivity, and the specificity of the tests were calculated for the saliva sample.

Results:

The saliva and swab results revealed a similar result (ties) in 86.73% of the samples. The sensitivity and the specificity between the swab and saliva samples were 40% and 96.85%, respectively. The positive predictive value of the saliva sample was 73.3%.

Conclusions:

The sensitivity of whole saliva when compared to the swab samples is low. Large sample studies are needed to validate the role of saliva as a diagnostic tool in COVID-19.
A Rare Case Report of Perioral Sarcoidosis
Authors: Balaji S.M. , Balaji Preetha
Published: November 2021

The Rationale:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology that usually presents with systemic lesions including the skin. Isolated cutaneous lesions are very rare.

Patient Details:

We present a middle-aged female patient, a known systemic lupus erythematosus patient, in remission developing an isolated, single sarcoidosis lesion in the perioral labial mucosa. The lesion was a rapidly growing nodular lesion with a papillary surface near the philtrum of the upper lip.

Diagnosis:

A biopsy revealed that to be a granulomatous lesion with large multinucleated giant cells. Using a panel of tests, by excluding tuberculosis and establishing the immunoprofile, the diagnosis was established. Although infrequent, perioral and oral lesions may constitute the first signs of systemic sarcoidosis.

Outcomes and Take-away Lessons:

For this reason, the oral health care provider needs to be watchful and when there is a suspicion of sarcoidosis, systemic sarcoidosis must be included in the differential diagnosis of oral and perioral granulomatous lesions.
Parental Issues and Concerns for their Children Treated under General Anaesthesia for Early Childhood Caries
Authors: Srinivas Rachana , Anandakrishna Latha
Published: November 2021

Context:

Most often, young children with early childhood caries (ECC) may need oral rehabilitation under general anaesthesia (GA) as treatment cannot be done chairside. A procedure under GA can be traumatic and stressful for both the parents and the children. Hence, it becomes necessary to understand the parents' opinions and address their concerns to provide better treatment.

Aims:

This qualitative study was conducted to explore the parental issues and concerns for their children treated under GA for ECC. Qualitative research approach was used so that it would enable us to address these issues better and prepare parents by counselling them in advance.

Settings and Design:

An in-depth interview was conducted with the parents of children who underwent oral rehabilitation under GA for ECC in the M.S. Ramaiah Memorial Hospital, admitted under the Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry.

Participants and Methods:

Data were audio-recorded and transcribed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data collected were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results:

The themes derived were ‘Concerns and Issues of GA Procedures and Improved Oral-health-related Quality of Life’.

Conclusions:

The parents of children who underwent oral rehabilitation under GA initially had a few concerns and were reluctant about the procedure but were happy with the improvement post-operatively.
Applicability of Moyer's Probability Tables in North Indian Population of 16-18 Years Old
Authors: Sharma Manu , Chachra Sanjay , Dhindsa Abhishek , Bansal Samriti , Kaur Taranjot , Sharma Alpna , Kour Gurpreet
Published: November 2021

Aims:

To determine the applicability of Moyer's probability tables in North Indian population of 16–18 year olds and to formulate a new regression equation for the same group of population.

Setting and Design:

Evaluative Study.

Methods and Material:

1000 children aged 16–18 years were selected as sample for the measurement of mesiodistal widths of permanent mandibular incisors, maxillary and mandibular canines and premolars using study models. The recorded values were then subjected to statistical analysis.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Software Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22.0.

Results:

The actual widths of the canine and premolars showed highly significant differences in maxilla and in mandible (P < 0.001), compared to widths predicted by Moyer's probability table at 75th percentile.

Conclusion:

Moyer's mixed dentition analysis was not an accurate method for prediction in North Indian population as it showed overestimation of tooth sizes. Hence, new regression equation has been formulated for the same.
Dentists in India Feel Hopeless as a Fulltime Academician
Authors: Samuel Srinivasan R. , Narayan V Keerthi , Vidhyadharan J , Mathew Mebin G. , Akula Sunil K.
Published: November 2021

Aims:

Assess the relationship between job satisfaction and feeling of hopelessness among dental academicians.

Settings and Design:

Cross sectional study was conducted among dental academicians across India through email and social media using a pretested questionnaire.

Methods and Materials:

An Internet-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among dental academicians via social media and electronic mail (e-mail) throughout India. Demographics, credentials and job satisfaction across five dimensions (working conditions, pay and promotional potential, work relationships, use of skills and abilities and work activities) were rated on a 5-point Likert scale and a sense of hopelessness was assessed using Brief-H-Neg scale. The results were collected using self-reported Google forms. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed to identify the risk towards hopelessness, and the relationship between job satisfaction and hopelessness was assessed using student's t-test.

Results and Conclusion:

The mean hopelessness score among dissatisfied faculty was 8.5 and among satisfied was 5.6 (P < 0.05). Tutors, assistants and associate professors with salary of INR <50000/month were highly dissatisfied (P < 0.05), and those willing to quit reported significantly lesser hopelessness compared to no/maybe. Regarding job satisfaction, greater hopelessness was reported with poor work relationships, poor working conditions and poor pay and promotional opportunities (P < 0.05). Dental academicians in India are highly dissatisfied with their career as a full-time teaching faculty. Willingness to quit has a positive effect on hopelessness, depicting the stress faculties experience in institutions. Job satisfaction among academicians plays a vital role in the student's dental learning experience and dissatisfaction will have huge ramifications on the quality of dental education and future graduates in India.
Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Children with Sensory Deficits in Chennai, India–A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Vishnu P , Mahesh R , Madan Kumar PD , Sharna N
Published: November 2021

Purpose:

The negligence of oral health combined with barriers in accessing adequate oral care is more commonly encountered in children with sensory deficits. In a developing country like India, there is a severe lacuna in data regarding the oral health status and treatment needs in this group of population. The purpose of this study is to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of children with sensory deficits, using WHO criteria of Basic Oral Health Survey Methods, 1997.

Materials and Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using the WHO criteria (Basic Oral Health Survey, 1997); questionnaire data regarding the demographic profile, oral hygiene status, degree of sensory impairment were recorded and tabulated. The Chi-square test was used to determine whether there existed a significant difference in the oral health status. The confidence interval was set at 95% and alpha error was assumed at 0.05.

Results:

Among the 742 sensory deficit children examined, 371 children are visually impaired and 371 are hearing impaired. Gingival bleeding and poor oral hygiene is diagnosed in more than 70% of the visually impaired children. The prevalence of trauma is estimated to be 8% in children, who are visually impaired. In the hearing impairment group, gingival bleeding because of inadequate oral hygiene is seen in 58% of the population examined. There is no statistically significant difference in the dental caries status between visually impaired and hearing impaired children (P > 0.05). There is also no statistically significant difference in the restorative treatment need and trauma status between visually impaired and hearing impaired children (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The present study shows a high prevalence of gingival diseases and dental caries in the special health care group children. The study signifies a wide spread presence of unmet treatment needs among children in this study population.
Periodontal Heath in First Trimester of Pregnancy and Birth Weight Outcomes
Authors: Rani Balaji Varsha Christy , Saraswathi K. , Manikandan S.
Published: November 2021

Introduction:

The oral microbiome is influenced by numerous immediate environmental factors including pH, anaerobic conditions, nutrition, and hormone levels. During pregnancy, due to the associated hormonal changes, periodontal tissues show an enhanced inflammatory response to plaque microbiome. This is mediated by female sex hormones that are drastically altered in pregnancy. This study was undertaken to estimate the association of birth weight and the influence of the oral periodontal health in pregnant women in Chennai, South India and correlate the same with education and body mass index (BMI).

Methods:

This was a controlled, minimal interventional, prospective, observational study to identify the relationship of gingival health in the first trimester of pregnancy and on birth weight. Potential participants were referred by health-care providers. Pregnant women (≥18 years and ≤25 years) in the first trimester were enrolled for this study.

Results:

Of the 165 pregnant women, 121 pregnant women formed the study group.

Conclusion:

It was found that low birth weight could be a consequence of several modifiable and non-modifiable factors. This study shows the association of oral health of the mother in the first trimester with low birth weight. The findings of this study need to be confirmed with a large-scale, multi-centric study accounting for all known confounders. Till such a study is performed, the need for optimal oral health of an expectant mother cannot be discounted and there is no absolute harm in having good oral hygiene.
Cranial Mycetoma
Authors: Siraj Fouzia , Malik Akanksha , Shruti Sharma , Shankar K. B. , Singh Swati
Published: November 2021

Mycetoma is a chronic granulomatous infection caused by fungi or bacteria, known as eumycetoma and actinomycetoma, respectively. Mycetoma commonly affects young males belonging to low socioeconomic strata, usually barefooted agricultural workers. It mainly affects lower and upper limbs presenting as a painless swelling with discharging sinus. Rarely, is it encountered in the intracranial location. The diagnosis relies on the clinical presentation and identification of the etiological agents within the tissue, by histology and special stains. It is important to specify the fungal or bacterial etiology, because the treatment of each is completely different. The management of such infections is challenging and should involve early diagnosis, the use of antibacterials or antifungals, and surgical removal of the lesion. To the best of our knowledge, only seven cases of intracranial mycetoma have been reported. The present case highlights the rarity of this lesion, thereby contributing to the existing literature and presenting its diagnostic implications.
Association between smell and taste dysfunction and obesity and metabolic syndrome in older adults
Authors: Dobrow S.S. , Qazi J.J. , Payne S.C. , Mattos J.L.
Published: November 2021

Background: Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) are prevalent and associated with negative health outcomes in the elderly. There is a need to identify risk factors for these diseases in this population. Methodology: The 2013-14 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used in this study. Adults aged 60 or under were categorized into normosmia, hyposmia, anosmia, and combined anosmia + hyposmia using the Pocket Sniff Test. Taste was evaluated using quinine and NaCl solutions. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to characterize associations between smell and taste status and obesity and MS. Results: In univariate obesity analysis, normosmia, combined anosmia + hyposmia, and 0.32M NaCl taste dysfunction were significant. 0.32M NaCl taste dysfunction remained significant in multivariate analysis. MS was significantly associated with only tongue tip quinine dysfunction in univariate and multivariate analyses. Conclusions: Salty taste dysfunction was found to be negatively associated with obesity while bitter taste dysfunction was found to be positively associated with MS.
Zika Virus Seroprevalence in Two Districts of Chincha, Ica, Peru: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Cachay Rodrigo , Schwalb Alvaro , Acevedo-Rodriguez J. Gonzalo , Merino Xiomara , Talledo Michael , Suarez-Ognio Luis , Pezzi Laura , de Lamballerie Xavier , Guerra Humberto , Jaenisch Thomas , Gotuzzo Eduardo
Published: November 2021

In 2017, a major outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection took place in Chincha Province, Peru, where arboviral circulation had never been reported before. We conducted a cross-sectional survey (March–May 2019) in two districts of Chincha Province: Pueblo Nuevo and Chincha Baja. We included residents who were 20 to 40 years old and who had lived in these districts for at least 1 year. Serological testing combined screening with a commercial NS1 protein-based Zika IgG ELISA, and confirmation by a cytopathic effect-based virus neutralization test (VNT). Prevalence ratios (PRs) were calculated using Poisson regression with robust error variance. Four hundred participants, divided equally among districts, were enrolled. Anti-ZIKV IgG ELISA was positive for 42 participants (10.5%) and borderline for 12 (3%). Fifty-two of these 54 samples were confirmed positive by ZIKV VNT (13% of the total population). The Pueblo Nuevo district exhibited a greater ZIKV seroprevalence based on VNT results than the Chincha Baja district (23.5% versus 2.5%), with participants from the Pueblo Nuevo district being 9.4 times more likely to have a positive ZIKV VNT result. Average monthly income greater than the minimum wage and adequate water storage were found to be protective factors (PR, 0.29 and 0.24, respectively). In multivariate analysis, living in the Pueblo Nuevo district and a personal history of fever and rash were strong predictors of ZIKV positivity by VNT. The low ZIKV seroprevalence should prompt health authorities to stimulate interventions to prevent potential future outbreaks. In the Pueblo Nuevo district, the seroprevalence was greater but presumably not sufficient to ensure protective herd immunity.
Expanding Global Health Engagement through Fogarty Fellowship Programs
Authors: Henry Allison A. , Ingles Donna J. , Du Liping , Vermund Sten H. , Heimburger Douglas C. , Aliyu Muktar H.
Published: November 2021

Training the next generation of global health researchers is vital for sustainable research partnerships and global health equity. The Fogarty International Center (National Institutes of Health) supports postdoctoral fellows and professional/graduate students in long-term, hands-on mentored research in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We surveyed 627 alumni (58% from the United States, 42% from LMICs) from three sequential Fogarty-sponsored global health research training programs (response rate: N = 257, 41%). Publications in the Index Medicus were used to ascertain scholarly output. Most alumni (63%) reported remaining engaged in LMICs and/or worked in academic/research careers (70%). Since completing their Fogarty fellowship, 144 alumni (56%) had received 438 new grants as principal investigator (PI), co-/multi-PI, or site PI. The 257 responding alumni had 5,318 publications during and since their Fogarty fellowships; 2,083 (39%) listed the Fogarty trainee as the first or senior author. These global health training programs highlight the value of LMIC research experience in nurturing the global health research workforce.
On Some Aspects of Process Management and Human Resource Management Interaction at the Customs Authorities
Authors: Petersone Mara , Ketners Karlis , Krastins Aivars Vilnis
Published: November 2021

Τhe name of article is “On some aspects of process management and human resource management interaction at the customs authorities”. Main stakeholders such as European Commission Directorate-General Taxation and Customs Union, World Customs Organization, universities and world customs administrations are looking for better training support mechanism, how to create contact points for university and customs internal training and to create qualitative business training programs in the customs area. In spite of different activities, for the time being concise and clear mechanism does not exist. Another problem lies in condition that training requirements do not underlie processes and job descriptions. Training organizers - customs authorities training centers and universities, developing own training programs follow the goals and objectives of staff development strategy, it becomes apparent that interaction of job descriptions and occupation standards is relatively little and do not supplement each other. The aim of research is to describe the mechanism of existing and potential human resource management and process management mutual interaction and mutual influence. To achieve the goal there has been set a task to study the specifics of job description formation at customs authorities, describe the significance of occupation descriptions to provide work at customs and their legislation, analyze the role of occupation standards to provide training needs. As a result of research proposals have been submitted about the improvement of process management, job description and occupation standard mutual interaction mechanism. Research is based on comparative analysis of literature and practical experience of custom authorities.
Blended Learning Menggunakan Aplikasi Google Classroom Dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PPKn Pada Siswa Kelas VII E Di SMP Dwijendra Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021
Authors: I Made Sutika  , Ronny Angga Mahendra Putu , Nale Elisabeth
Published: November 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui penggunaan  blended learning dalam meningkatkan hasl belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PPKn pada siswa kelas VII E Di SMP Dwijendra Denpasar   Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021. Jenis  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan dua siklus dan masing-masing siklus dilakukan dengan perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Adapun  metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah ; test, obsevasi dan wawancara dan pencatatan dokumen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah diskriptif kualitatif dan kwantitatif  karena penyajian hasil penelitian disajikan dalam bentuk angka-angka kemudian didiskripsikan secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian dari Penerapan blended learning dapat  meningkatkan hasil belajar pada aspek kognitif, hal ini dapat dilihat dari kenaikan hasil belajar dari siklus I ke siklus II. Sebelum diterapkannya blended learning di pra-siklus mencapai hanya 64% yang tuntas kepada 31 siswa, berarti ada 36% siswa yang belum tuntas. Pada siklus 1 dilakukan tindakan dengan menerapkan blended learning, maka siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 67% dan siswa yang belum tuntas sebanyak 33%. Pada siklus 2 dilakukan tindakan yang sama, yaitu dengan menerapkan blended learning, maka siswa yang tuntas sebanyak 93% dan siswa yang belum tuntas sebesar7%. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran dengan menerapkan blended learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PPKn siswa kelas VII E Di SMP Dwijendra Denpasar Tahun Pelajaran 2020/2021.
Penggunaan Google Classroom dan Zoom Meeting dalam Menunjang Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran PPKn Selama Masa Pandemi Covid-19 pada Kelas Xii APHP 1 SMKN Wongsorejo
Authors: Wijaya Yanti Devi
Published: November 2021

Selama masa pandemi covid-19 pelaksanaan pembelajaran di sekolah harus dilaksanakan secara online atau dalam jaringan (daring), hal ini untuk mencegah penyebaran virus covid-19 demi kesehatan dan keselamatan warga sekolah, guru, peserta didik, keluarganya, dan juga masyarakat. Untuk itu membutuhkan strategi dan penyesuaian yang harus dilakukan oleh guru dan peserta didik. Tidak sedikit kendala dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran PPKn selama masa pandemi covid-19 yang dialami dalam pembelajaran daring, apalagi pada masyarakat Wongsorejo, yang terletak di ujung Utara Kabupaten Banyuwangi, yang merupakan ujung Timur Pulau Jawa, dimana para peserta didik sebagian besar dari keluarga menengah ke bawah. Penelitian aplikatif yang penulis lakukan ini terkait dengan penggunaan google classroom dan zoom meeting dalam pembelajaran PPKn pada kelas XII APHP (Agribisnis Pengolahan Hasil Pertanian) 1 yang merupakan salah satu strategi yang penulis terapkan dalam pembelajaran selama masa pandemi covid-19. Dalam praktiknya, kedua aplikasi tersebut dapat menunjang pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan tergambar dari hasil pembelajaran, meski menunjukan hasil dengan grafik yang naik dan turun, yang perlu untuk dilakukan evaluasi guna penelitian untuk solusi lebih lanjut guna keberhasilan pembelajaran.
ELECTROCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF 2-THIOHYDANTOIN DERIVATIVES AS CORROSION INHIBITORS FOR MILD STEEL IN ACIDIC MEDIUM
Authors:   Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Stanić Petar , Vukićević Nataša , Cvetković Vesna , Pavlović Miroslav , Dimitrijević Silvana , Šmit Biljana
Published: November 2021

Four 2-thiohydantoin derivatives were synthesized and their corrosion inhibition properties on mild steel (MS) in 0.5M HCl solution was evaluated using usual gravimetric and electrochemical methods (weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Morphology of the metal surface was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The study has shown that these compounds provide good protection for mild steel against corrosion in the acidic medium.
THE INFLUENCE OF ZNO NANOPARTICLES ON THE PROPERTIES OF HYPERBRANCHED ALKYD RESINS BASED ON CASTOR OIL
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Stojanov Sonja , Bobinac Ilija , Jovičić Mirjana , Govedarica Olga , Pavličević Jelena , Blagojević Julijana , Govedarica Dragan
Published: November 2021

Hyperbranched alkyds based on trimethylolpropane, dimethylol propionic acid and castor oil were synthesized. The process implied preparing the three samples with ZnO nanoparticles in an amount of 0, 1, and 3 wt%. Commercial melamine resin was used as a crosslinking agent. Curing was carried out firstly in a drying oven at the 120 °C for half an hour, and afterward for seven days at room temperature. Thermal properties, physico-mechanical characteristics, and chemical resistance of cured coated were determined. An increasing amount of the ZnO nanoparticles in hyperbranched alkyd resins leads to the improvement of the properties of the cured coating. Based on the results, it was concluded that the hyperbranched alkyds with ZnO nanoparticles could be employed as binders in environment-friendly coatings due to lower viscosity (less content of organic solvent) compared to conventional alkyd resins.
Mechanismen der IgG-Aktivität in der Therapie von Autoimmunität und Krebs
Authors: Nimmerjahn Falk
Published: November 2021

Antikörper stellen eines der am häufigsten verwendeten Biomoleküle für die Therapie von Autoimmunerkrankungen und Krebs dar. Trotz dieser breiten Anwendung in der Therapie fehlt ein vollständiges Verständnis der molekularen und zellulären Grundlagen, über die Antikörper im Menschen ihre Wirkung entfalten. Forschungsarbeiten der letzten Jahre haben faszinierende Einblicke in die vielfältigen Funktionsweisen von Antikörpern gegeben, die zu einer Verbesserung der Wirkung dieser potenten Biomoleküle beitragen.
Inborn Errors of Immunity (IEI) und „Reverse Translation“ – was kann der Immunologe von Immundefekten lernen?
Authors: Niehues Tim , Brauer Nina , Dückers Gregor , Eisert Susanne , Imschweiler, Thomas , Siepermann Kathrin
Published: November 2021

Patienten mit angeborenen Defekten der Immunität stellen sich Ärztinnen und Ärzten auf unterschiedlichste Weise vor, bei Weitem nicht nur durch gehäufte oder schwere Infektionen. Die Aufklärung der genetischen und molekularen Grundlagen von „Inborn Errors of Immunity“ (IEI) trägt fundamental zum Verständnis der Bedeutung nicht-redundanter Bestandteile für das menschliche Immunsystem bei. Beispiele aus einer großen immunologischen Ambulanz am Helios Klinikum Krefeld werden hier vorgestellt.
Analysis of Factors Determining Capital Structure of Firms Listed in Colombo Stock Exchange in Sri Lanka
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Department of Accountancy & Finance, South Eastern University of Sri Lanka, Oluvil, Amjath M.B.M.
Published: November 2021

Capital structure describes a mix of long-term debt capital and equity capital employed by a company to fund its operation and finance its assts. The objective of the study is to identify the determinants of the capital structure and examine whether each of the determinants have significant impact on capital structure. A sample of 25 beverage food and tobacco sector firms listed on Colombo Stock exchange(CSE) in Sri Lanka over the period of 2016 to 2020 were considered for the study. The independent variables such as profitability (PROR), firm size (FMSZ), tangibility (TANR) and liquidity (LIQR) and dependant variable such as long term debt ratio (LTDR), short term debt ratio (STDR) were used to measure the leverage level of the firms. The data were analysed and hypotheses were tested through regression analysis and correlation analysis by use of SPSS. Coefficient of regression used to identify the significant impact of each determinant against the endogenous factors. The investigation empirical findings reveals that firm size, tangibility and liquidity have significant negative impact on leverage level (STDR), while profitability has positive insignificant impact on leverage level (SDTR). On the other hand all four element have insignificant relationship with LTDR.
Organizing and Developing a Handball Game with Cadets and Students
Authors:   Lieutenant Colonel, Head of the Department of “Physical Education”, Higher Military Aviation School of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Daminov Bekhzod Kochkarovich
Published: November 2021

This article discusses the organization of a handball team from cadets, listeners, pilots and engineers and the components of the handball system, its main tasks, developing the skills of cadets and listeners through the game of handball and instinct to make quick decisions. Information about the game is provided. It is necessary for a serviceman of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan to be physically strong and to make non-standard decisions in non-standard situations. Therefore, it has become a topical issue for cadets and students to spend their free time meaningfully and to focus on sports that develop speed, endurance and willpower. Handball, which is one of these sports, is a way for cadets and listeners to work together as a team, to respect each other, to work for the team, to get out of situations during the game. It is no exaggeration to say that the combat situations you perform for your defense help you perform a variety of combat missions.
Phenotypic Characterisation of the Indigenous Zavot Cattle Under In-situ Conditions in Northeastern of Turkey
Authors: YÜKSEL Sadrettin , YÜKSEL Fatma , BALTA Burcuhan
Published: November 2021

Zavot Catte that was commonly found in Kars, Ardahan districts in Northeastern Turkey region were initially introduced into this region by Molokon Folk and German people migrating from the Estonian border and interior of Russia. The breed possess to blood mixture which comprised of crossbreed of Simmental, Brown Swiss and Eastern Anatolian Red breeds, but had also Podolya breed' blood. To morphological, Zavot cattle have light tones such as white, blondish for coat color, and are horned generally. The mean descriptive values of the body measurement were for body weight, body length, height at withers and hearth girth, 23.96 kg, 65.19 cm, 71.07 cm and 76.37 cm, respectively for birth periot; 70.53 kg, 77.93 cm, 82.12 cm and 93.36 cm, respectively for 3 age month; 385.9 kg, 145.7 cm, 126.3 cm and 170.2 cm, respectively for adult age. The highest ratio of fat, protein and dry matter were found at August (4.22%), June (3.37%) and June (12.0%), respectively. Zavot cattle can show a high potential, though their current morphological performance is seen to low, because of the suboptimal management conditions, and breeding area insufficiency.
A freshwater crab (Barytelphusa sp.) feeding on a catfish (Pterocryptis sp.)
Authors: Kalki Y.
Published: November 2021

The freshwater crab, Barytelphusa cunicularis (Westwood, 1836), is a common and widespread crustacean species inhabiting freshwater streams throughout India except the northeast. It is an omnivore that feeds on small crustaceans, gastropods, insects and aquatic vegetation. This species is commonly collected as a food commodity and is also often reared in captivity for the same purpose. In captivity, these crabs seem to prefer animal-based food and are generally fed about 10% of their total biomass in prawn and rice flakes daily. Observations of B. cunicularis feeding in nature are scant in the literature, and to the best of my knowledge there have not been any reports of the species feeding on fish. Herein I report the first observation of B. cunicularis feeding on a Malabar silurus, Pterocryptis wynaadensis, a type of catfish.
Copulatory behavior of Knuckles pygmy lizard (Cophotis dumbara)
Authors: Soysa H.D.C. , Hettige U.S.B. , Cooray M.G. , Vidanapathirane D.R.
Published: November 2021

Nearly one in every five species of reptiles in the world is threatened with extinction and thus is conservation dependent. In order to develop effective and targeted species conservation strategies, detailed information on their distribution, systematics and ecology are necessary. Information such as the natural history and in-situ reproductive behaviors would be crucial for highly threatened species that require ex-situ conservation measures. Agamid lizards are a major component of the global reptile diversity and a significant number are threatened due to habitat loss and other threats such as smuggling.
The hydrocarbon potential of the offshore Talara Basin, Peru
Authors: Rossello Eduardo Antonio , Cossey Stephen P.J. , Fernández Guzmán
Published: November 2021

The offshore Talara Basin is the western extension of the hydrocarbon producing onshore fields since the mid-1800s area of Peru and is also located above the subduction zone of the active continental margin of South America. The offshore portion was evaluated using high quality 3D seismic where mapping horizons are all unconformities within the Eocene as well as the unconformities at the top Paleocene and top Cretaceous. Possible source rocks are the Cretaceous black marine shales of the Campanian Redondo Formation, the limestones of the Albian Muerto Formation, and the marine shales of the Paleogene. The primary target offshore is expected to be deep-water turbidites of Paleocene/Eocene age with a depositional source from the northeast from highlands created by the compressional uplift of the Andes. The main seals offshore are expected to be shales of the upper Eocene Lagunitos Formation and shales in the Chacra Formation, which are also seals in the onshore Litoral field. Thermal maturation modeling shows that two hydrocarbon kitchens exist in the offshore portion of the Talara basin, one in the north and one in the south. The probable Cretaceous source rocks reached the onset of maturity (VR = 0.63%) at a depth of 3,250 to 3,285 m (10,663 – 10,778 ft) between 30 and 39 Ma (Late Eocene to Oligocene). Importantly, the Cretaceous source rocks stay within the oil window once they enter it in the late Eocene. Satellite studies show a large offshore present-day oil seep in the southern part of the basin and 3D seismic shows direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) imaged as flat spots and bottom simulating reflectors (BSR). Basin modeling suggests hydrocarbon migration pathways would have been updip (to the east) into the onshore traps and would therefore have first filled the offshore traps along the migration pathway. We conclude that the Talara Basin offshore offers excellent exploration opportunities in a proven productive area where multiple prospects have been mapped.
INOCULAÇÃO DE CULTURAS ANUAIS COM BACTÉRIAS SOLUBILIZADORAS DO FÓSFORO
Authors: Santos Marcos Gleidson Pereira dos , Cezário Maykon Dias , Almeida Kamilla Ribeiro , Siqueira Poliana Lopes , Moreira Maria Olívia Zuccolotto Gomes
Published: November 2021

Introdução: Os solos das áreas de produção agrícolas do Brasil geralmente apresentam características de acidez elevada e predomínio de fosfato de ferro e fosfato de alumínio, o que ocasiona em baixa disponibilidade do elemento fósforo para nutrição das plantas. No entanto, as bactérias solubilizadoras do fósforo insolúvel no solo aumentam a biodisponibilidade desse nutriente para absorção pelas plantas. Desta forma, este bioinsumo pode aumentar significativamente os teores de fósforo disponível a absorção pelo sistema radicular das culturas. Objetivo: Apresentar estratégias a nutrição fosfatada pelo uso da inoculação das sementes com bactérias solubilizadoras do fósforo no solo. Metodologia: Pesquisa qualitativa com método de revisão bibliográfica em revistas indexadas. Resultados: A efetividade das bactérias solubilizadoras do fósforo depende da capacidade dos isolados em colonizar a rizosfera de forma competitiva e manter a sua atividade biológica. No entanto, o sucesso no desempenho das bactérias solubilizadoras do fosfato está influenciado por fatores como o pH, a salinidade e a temperatura. Dessa forma, demonstra-se a grande importância de se avaliar em diferentes ambientes, a eficiência do uso de produtos contendo cepas de bactérias solubilizadoras do fosfato. Contudo, o uso da inoculação de sementes com cepas eficazes de Bacillus megaterium e B. subtilis tem demonstrado potencialidade na solubilização de fosfato em condições laboratoriais, ambiente controlado e em campo. O uso dessa biotecnologia vem se destacando para culturas de expressiva importância para o agronegócio brasileiro, sendo demostrado aumento significativo em produtividade para culturas como o milho e soja que tiveram as sementes inoculadas com esse bioinsumo. Conclusão: As bactérias solubilizadoras do fósforo aumentam a disponibilidade deste nutriente no solo e desempenham um papel fundamental na nutrição das plantas. O uso de inoculantes contendo cepas eficientes dessas bactérias permitirá reduzir o uso de fertilizantes químicos na agricultura, e poderá aumentar a eficiência da adubação fosfatada, bem como trazer estratégias agronômicas que preservem o meio ambiente.
Formulation and Performance Evaluation of Calendula Officinalis Linn Extract Loaded Ethosomal Cream
Authors:   Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Sangli, Maharashtra-415404., R. Dhole Archana , M. Mulla Khushabu ,   Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Sangli, Maharashtra-415404., S. Salunkhe Sushmita ,   Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Sangli, Maharashtra-415404., S. Talekar Komal ,   Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Sangli, Maharashtra-415404., R. Yadav Akshay ,   Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Sangli, Maharashtra-415404., S. Magdum Dr. Chandrakant ,   Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon, Sangli, Maharashtra-415404.
Published: November 2021

Among the various species of the genus Calendula, C. officinalis is the only one, which is extensively used clinically throughout the world. Pharmacological studies reveal that C. officinalis exhibits antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and antioxidant properties, helps promote the healing of minor burns, scrapes and skin irritations and relieves sunburn and minor cuts. The objective of this study was to optimize conditions for encapsulating Calendula officinalis Linn extract. Thus a novel approach to effectively treat wrinkles, helps promote the healing of minor burns, scrapes and skin irritations and relieves sunburn and minor cuts by delivery of an antioxidant using a special lipid vesicular carrier, the Ethosomal cream was prepared.
Estimation of vehicular emissions and PM2.5 – A case study in Madurai city
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai – 625015, India., Deborah D Nancy , Velkennedy R ,   Department of Civil Engineering, Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Madurai – 625015, India.
Published: November 2021

Air quality monitoring, as important as it is, is impeded by a shortage of monitoring stations in nations like India. This research takes a different approach of monitoring and estimating automobile emissions. This is a case study that is only have been used in Madurai at this juncture. The use of a portable electro-chemical sensor at pre-determined stationary and mobile points and routes has been employed. Then after, the measurements were compared to the estimated emission values. The observations and experimental studies demonstrated that highspeed vehicle movement reduces particulate matter concentrations, and that reducing congestion could be one way to address the rising emissions crisis. One reason for the preference for airconditioned cars and fast-moving vehicles, even if it is a two-wheeler, is the average temperature. Ironically, this has resulted in an increase in vehicle emissions. Vehicle emissions were estimated, and 2.5-micron particulate matter was observed and discussed. The recommended strategy was discovered to be in agreement with the computed estimates. The proposed methodology for developing a database with minimal personnel and instrumental setup can reliably compensate the lack of data availability given the lack of monitoring stations.