bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil aeration and plastic film mulching increases the yield potential and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Zhang Mingzhi , li yuan , Du Yadan , Niu Wenquan , li jianbin , yu jian , Sun Shengxue , Wang Jingwei , Zhang Zhenxing
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate plant growth, fruit yields,
IWUE and fruit quality in response to a micro/nano-bubble aeration
(MNBA) system and a subsurface artificial air layer aeration system
(SAALA) under different treatments. The results indicated that both MNBA
and SAALA can positively influence plant dry weight, fruit yield, IWUE
and, to some degree, fruit quality indices. In comparison with the
no-aeration treatment, the MNBA treatment increased the dry matter
accumulation, fruit yield, IWUE, lycopene content and soluble protein
content by 7.1%, 9.0%, 7.1%, 6.2% and 16.2%, respectively, during
the spring, while those during autumn increased by 4.0%, 14.4%, 4.0%,
3.8% and 1.7%, respectively. During the spring, the SAALA increased
the dry matter accumulation, fruit yield, IWUE, lycopene content and
soluble protein content by 13.0%, 25.1%, 13.0%, 2.9% and 15.1%,
respectively, while those during autumn increased by 12.8%, 19.5%,
12.8%, 5.2% and 4.1%, respectively. PFM significantly improved the
total dry weight, fruit yield and IWUE during both the spring and autumn
seasons. Nevertheless, the soluble protein content decreased in response
to the mulch treatment. The increased yield in response to soil aeration
during autumn was significantly greater than that during the spring, and
the yield increase in response to PFM was significantly greater in the
spring than in autumn. Moreover, the nutrition indices in response to
both soil aeration and PFM were more significant during spring than
during autumn. Taking into account costs, efficiency and benefits, the
optimal treatment was the MNBA and full PFM combination
Desenvolvimento dos Modelos de Conhecimento Especializado de professores de Biologia, Física e Química
Authors:   Agrupamento de Escolas José Belchior Viegas, Portugal, Luís Mónica , Soares Susel , Lima Stela , Marques Marcela
Published: May 2021

Abordamos nesse artigo as transposições de modelos teóricos sobre os conhecimentos especializados que os professores têm para ensinar as disciplinas de Biologia, de Física e de Química que foram fundamentadas no modelo do Conhecimento Especializado do Professor de Matemática, o MTSK. Para tanto, traçamos a trajetória da construção dos modelos especializados e, em seguida, trazemos as diversificações teóricas entre os modelos da Biologia, da Física e da Química, comparando-os entre si, revelando os aspetos que os distinguem e/ou aproximam e que amparam a negativa para a transposição de um único modelo das Ciências embasada nas particularidades identificadas, tanto no âmbito do domínio do conteúdo, quanto no domínio pedagógico.
Conhecimentos Especializados mobilizados em uma aula prática de Biologia sobre sistema respiratório
Authors:   IFMT, Mato Grosso, Brasil, Marques Marcela , Soares Susel , Moriel Junior Jeferson Gomes
Published: May 2021

Nos anos 1980 houve uma intensificação nas pesquisas sobre base de conhecimento docente, com a configuração de tipologias muito utilizadas até hoje. Algumas delas tem sido a base para a criação de modelos teóricos específicos e especializados para diferentes disciplinas escolares, com pioneirismo na Matemática. O objetivo desta pesquisa é utilizar o recente modelo teórico de Conhecimento Especializado de Professores de Biologia, o Biology Teachers’ Specialized Knowledge – BTSK, como ferramenta de análise de aula prática de biologia sobre sistema respiratório. Realizamos uma investigação qualitativa, interpretativa, cuja fonte de dados foi um relato de prática de ensino do referido tema de Biologia por meio de Professional and Pedagogical Experience Repertoire – PaP-eR e utilizamos o instrumento de análise de conhecimentos especializados (iMTSK) adaptado à Biologia. Como resultados, além das caracterizações dos conhecimentos mobilizados foram identificadas conexões entre os subdomínios identificando o caráter especializado e determinando a legitimidade do BTSK como ferramenta para compreensão e melhoria da formação de professores.
Conhecimento declarado sobre as práticas em Expressão Plástica e Visual
Authors:   Universidade do Algarve, Portugal, Viegas Patrícia , Pereira Mónica , Gil Francisco Baptista
Published: May 2021

Neste trabalho procura-se aceder ao conhecimento declarado sobre as práticas e desafios que se colocam aos professores e educadores nas atividades de expressão plástica e visual no Ensino Básico em Portugal. Estando hoje a formação de professores, organizada em dois ciclos de estudos superiores: um primeiro ciclo de formação inicial em educação básica e um segundo ciclo de formação especializada com ênfase nas práticas de ensino supervisionada, procurámos estudar alguns relatórios dessas práticas, realizados para obtenção do grau de mestre. Nestes relatórios, os futuros professores apresentam as atividades implementadas em contexto escolar bem como os procedimentos e as estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem desenvolvidos com os alunos do ensino básico com a integração das diferentes áreas curriculares.
As artes visuais na educação: das habilidades às estratégias de conhecimento
Authors:   Universidade do Algarve, Portugal, Gil Francisco Baptista
Published: May 2021

This text proposes a reflection on art education, more specifically on plastic and visual expression and some of its main problems at a theoretical and practical level. Starting by analyzing the path of teaching and learning throughout history, we question today, its practices, between traditional teaching and the need to find alternative paths, appropriate to a world in permanent change. We try to understand the conception of art from which we started and its importance in educational practices, as well as the influence of the philosophical conception of the human being by teachers and educators, regarding the way they approach the educational proposals they develop.
Estrategia prospectiva para promover la educación ambiental en el quehacer docente
Authors: Bedolla Solano Ramón , Bedolla Solano Juan José , Miranda Esteban Adriana
Published: May 2021

Este estudio tuvo por objetivo promover competencias ambientales en docentes de tres programas educativos de nivel licenciatura de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero (UAGro): Sociología, Economía y Derecho; ello se dio a través de la implementación de un curso de educación ambiental no formal denominado La incorporación de la educación ambiental con enfoque transversal en el currículo, que se aplicó en septiembre-octubre de 2016. Es un estudio mixto, por ser un tema vinculado con la educación y por el hecho de que el investigador fue parte del objeto de estudio, se empleó el enfoque de la investigación-acción. Se utilizó la rúbrica en la medición de aprendizajes y competencias adquiridas. La muestra fue por conveniencia: decidieron participar 20 profesores considerando los tres programas. En la evaluación de dicho curso se evidenció que los docentes lograron significativamente comprender saberes ambientales y el diseño metodológico de ambientalizar el trabajo que realizan, así como sus programas de unidades de aprendizaje y secuencias didácticas.
Godin Benoît (2020) The Idea of Technological Innovation: A Brief Alternative History. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. 208 pages. ISBN: 978 1 83910 401 5.
Authors: Pols Auke
Published: May 2021

N/A
Editorial - What Does Openness Conceal?
Authors: Sariola Salla
Published: May 2021

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Mapping Case Studies of Public Engagement and Participation in Science and Technology
Authors: De Loureiro Paulo , Horta Hugo , M. Santos João
Published: May 2021

In recent years, increasing criticism has been levelled against case study based research on public engagement and participation in science and technology (PEST). Most critics argue that such case studies are highly contextual and fail to provide global, holistic and systemic views of public engagement phenomena. In this study, we mapped the case study literature on PEST by identifying a robust sample of articles, and analysed it looking for emerging patterns that could provide empirical evidence for new frameworks of public engagement design and analysis. Results show that the case study based literature on PEST continues to grow, although concentrated in a few countries and knowledge domains. The trends that emerged from the sample reveal high centralisation and planning and suggest that deficit science communication models are still common. We argue that future frameworks may focus on decentralising hierarchical power and dependency relationships between agents.
The Pragmatic Turn in Clinical Research
Authors: Zvonareva Olga
Published: May 2021

How does knowledge obtained in clinical trials apply to the actual treatment of patients? This question has recently acquired a new significance amidst complaints about the limited ability of trial results to improve clinical practice. Pragmatic clinical trials have been advocated to address this problem. In this article, I trace the emergence of the pragmatic turn in clinical research, starting from the first mention of ‘pragmatic trial’ in 1967, and analyse the changes to how pragmatism has been conceived. I argue that contemporary version of pragmatism risks missing the mark by focusing exclusively on establishing similarity between the trial and the clinic for the purpose of greater generalizability. This focus eclipses the move for carefully aligning medical experimentation with conditions, needs and concerns in the clinic aimed at greater usefulness.
The Democratisation Myth
Authors: Marcel Knöchelmann
Published: May 2021

Open access (OA) in the Global North is considered to solve an accessibility problem in scholarly communication. But this accessibility is restricted to the consumption of knowledge. Epistemic injustices inhering in the scholarly communication of a global production of knowledge remain unchanged. This underscores that the commercial or big deal OA dominating Europe and North America have little revolutionary potential to democratise knowledge. Academia in the Global North, driven by politics of progressive neoliberalism, can even reinforce its hegemonic power by solidifying and legitimating contemporary hierarchies of scholarly communication through OA. In a critique of the notion of a democratisation of knowledge, I showcase manifestations of OA as either allowing consumption of existing discourse or as active participation of discourse in the making. The latter comes closer to being the basis for a democratisation of knowledge. I discuss this as I issue a threefold conceptualisation of epistemic injustices comprising of testimonial injustice, hermeneutical injustice, and epistemic objectification. As these injustices prevail, the notion of a democratisation of knowledge through OA is but another form of technological determinism that neglects the intricacies of culture and hegemony.
The Modelling and Simulation of 330 KV, 600 MW Shiroro Substation in the DIgSILENT Environment for Integration of Hybrid Solar PV – Hydro System to Improve Power Supply in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Abuja from Shiroro, Nigeria
Authors: Uwaoma Onyinyechi A. , Emechebe Jonas N. , Uthman Muhammed , Oshiga Omotayo , Olisa Samuel
Published: May 2021

This research paper focuses on modelling and simulation of 330 KV, 600 MW Shiroro Substation in the DIgSILENT Environment for the integration of Hybrid Solar PV – Hydro System to improve power supply in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Abuja, Nigeria. A hybrid energy system is a system that combines multiple types of energy generations to satisfy the demand of the users effectively and efficiently. The Solar Photovoltaic (PV)/Hydro hybrid system consists of electrical energy generated from solar PV and hydro energy. Effect of environmental issues, reduction of fossil fuels in addition to its high cost have actively encouraged interest in great integration of renewable energy sources in power systems. This work capitalized on the possibilities of harnessing commercial solar energy and feeding it to the National grid through a nearby 330 KV substation at Shiroro Dam. The simulation is carried out in DIgSILENT (Power factory) environment. The Shiroro 16 kV, 330 kV, 600 MW Transmission Lines are modelled, and results of simulations of the five bus bars (Jebba, Shiroro, Gwagwalada, Katampe and Kaduna) voltages directly connected to Shiroro Network are: 331.8kV, 331.7 kV, 329.3 kV, 325.6 kV and 332.2 kV, respectively. All the values are within the Operational and Statutory Limits of the National Grid Code.
Restructuring of Backrest and Drainage Provision System in the Campus Area
Authors: Purwadi Ofik T. , Afriani L. , Zakaria A.
Published: May 2021

The University of Lampung area, especially in the Faculty of ISIP, FEB, and FT is a densely packed student area. This area has undergone many land-use changes. The condition of the land as a green open space has changed its function to become an area for lecture buildings and offices. One of the impacts is an increase in direct surface runoff and a decrease in the quantity of water that seeps into the ground, this condition causes flooding during the rainy season. To facilitate the rehabilitation of the drainage system in the University of Lampung area, it is necessary to redesign the drainage system of the University of Lampung area. Rehabilitation of drainage channels is carried out to resolve flood inundation points that occur during the rainy season. Rainwater that is channeled through drainage channels is directed to natural or artificial reservoirs. The collected rainwater is used to recharge groundwater through natural infiltration methods. The analysis carried out in this study includes hydrological analysis and analysis of the existing drainage sections and the solutions are given. The hydrological analysis aims to calculate the planned discharge using the rational method. Modeling with the application used in this study aims to determine the capacity of the water level in the existing channel. Based on the results of the analysis, in the area, the Faculty of Engineering experienced runoff and inundation. This situation requires rehabilitation of the Lampung University area drainage system.
Mission Command in a Modern Military Context
Authors: Nilsson Niklas
Published: May 2021

The development of capabilities for national defence among land forces in the Baltic region underscores the need for mission command as a guiding principle of leadership and command. However, the practice of mission command in the contemporary military context is far from straightforward. This article presents the results of a survey conducted with Swedish Army officers, examining their perspectives on positive as well as negative influences on their ability to utilize mission in their contemporary working environment. While mission command is envisioned to become increasingly important in the future, several obstacles are identified to its utilization and development.
ПРЕДТЕЧИ ВЫСШЕГО ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В РОССИИ (К ИСТОРИИ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО ФАКУЛЬТЕТА СПБГУ)
Authors: Петров К.М.
Published: May 2021

Издание Советским правительством в 1918 году Декрета о создании Географического института в Петрограде обычно связывают с предшествующей деятельностью Высших географических курсов при Докучаевском Комитете. В статье приводятся новые данные о роли слушателей Вольных курсов и сотрудников Биологической лаборатории, созданных известным естествоиспытателем П.Ф. Лесгафтом, в пробуждении интереса к Географии в России. Рассказывается о судьбе И.Д. Стрельникова, родившегося в бедной крестьянской семье, который стал слушателем Вольных курсов, получил возможность продолжить образование в Европейских научных центрах, а также был одним из организаторов успешной экспедиции в Южную Америку. В 1918 году И.Д. Стрельников стал одним из участников создания института Географии в Петрограде. В заключение дается оценка развития географической науки во второй половине ХХ века и состояния географического образования в начале ХХI века в России.
Propiedades físicas, mecánicas y características anatómicas de Vochysia kosnipatae Huamantupa (Alco kaspi) de una plantación del distrito San Gabán
Authors: Anquise Ticahuanca Ruben César , Ccahuana Jihuallanca Ever Ángel , Zevallos Pollito Percy Amilcar , Portal Cahuana Leif Armando
Published: May 2021

La presente investigación presenta como objetivo principal las características anatómicas y propiedades físicas y mecánicas de una nueva especie endémica del Perú reportada en 2005, Vochysia kosnipatae Huamantupa (Alco kaspi), procedente de plantación experimental de ocho años de San Gabán, Departamento de Puno (Perú). Se colectaron cinco trozas de 1.30 m por árbol al azar de una población de 18 árboles. Luego se obtuvieron tablones centrales de 8 cm; a partir de ellos se elaboraron las probetas en una carpintería, para posterormente evaluar las probetas en los laboratorios de anatomía de la madera UNAMAD y tecnología de la madera de UNALM. Los procedimientos se fundamentaron en metodologías de las Normas Técnicas Peruanas COPANT y IAWA. Los resultados difunden el primer reporte de la anatomía y propiedades físicas de la madera de V. kosnipatae Huamantupa (Alco kaspi) procedente de una plantación experimental de ocho años en San Gabán. Además, los resultados permiten dar criterios técnicos sobre la utilización racional y técnica de la madera de V. kosnipatae.
Efecto del área foliar y bioestimulantes en la propagación vegetativa de café especial (Coffea arabica L. var. typica) en cámara de subirrigación
Authors: Sanchez Santillan Tito , Chichipe Puscan Ariel K. , Huaman Pilco Angel F. , Morales Rojas Eli , Chavez Quintana Segundo G.
Published: May 2021

El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo por objetivo evaluar el efecto del área foliar y bioestimulantes en la propagación vegetativa de café especial (Coffea arabica L. var. typica) en cámara de subirrigación. Se utilizó un diseño experimental factorial completamente al azar, con factor A: área foliar (AF-25 %; AF-50% y AF-100%) y Factor B: tipo de bioestimulante (Incentive, Big-Hor) y un testigo sin nada. Presentó 3 repeticiones, con 27 unidades experimentales en total. Las estacas pasaron por un proceso de desinfección en solución antifúngica Propineb 70% PM, dosis 5g x L-1. A continuación, fueron cortadas las hojas en diferentes áreas, para colocarlas en tubetes con arena desinfectada. Finalmente, se introdujeron en una cámara de subirrigación en condiciones controladas para fomentar el enraizamiento, realizando aplicaciones foliares de bioestimulantes 2ml x L-1. Transcurridas seis semanas se evaluaron las estacas, encontrándose que el área foliar influyó en el porcentaje de enraizamiento, número y longitud de raíces sobresaliendo el área AF-100%, mientras que el AF-25% no tuvo resultados favorables. El tipo de fertilizante no influyó en el enraizamiento, pero sí mostró efectos significativos en el número y tamaño de raíces, sobresaliendo el Big-Hor e Incentive, respectivamente. Ambos fueron superiores al testigo sin bioestimulante. Se concluye que las estacas, cuanto mayor sea el área foliar, mayor será el enraizado y desarrollo radicular; los bioestimulantes no son determinantes en la emisión de raíces, sin embargo, actúan posteriormente en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las mismas.
Atenuación natural y biorremedición de suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos, Amazonas, Perú
Authors: Fernández Valqui Rosa Luz , Pariente Mondragón Elí
Published: May 2021

El presente estudio de aplicación de las técnicas “Atenuación natural y Biorremediación de suelos contaminados por hidrocarburos” tuvo como objetivos, caracterizar la atenuación natural y biorremediación de los hidrocarburos totales de petróleo proveniente de un suelo agrícola afectado por derrames de petróleo; determinar en pruebas experimentales la evolución de la atenuación natural y biorremediación en función del tiempo; así mismo, seleccionar los factores que influyen en el desarrollo de la atenuación natural y biorremediación. El proceso metodológico consistió en un análisis de los parámetros del suelo, pruebas experimentales, análisis de las concentraciones de hidrocarburos totales de petróleo (HTP) y cuenta bacteriana. En este estudio se halló que las técnicas de atenuación natural y biorremediación pueden aportar con la limpieza de un suelo afectado o contaminado por HTP, con solo la aplicación de compost y agua. Este trabajo de investigación incluye descripciones, ilustraciones, análisis de suelos, y una integración de información de las técnicas de limpieza de suelos contaminados y sobre la situación actual del suelo afectado en el Km 397+300 tramo II del Oleoducto Norperuano.
La dinámica demográfica y su incidencia en el declive poblacional de espacios urbanos y rurales en la provincia Granma
Authors: Madrigal León Diurkis Yarenis , León Tellez Ibrahin Amhed , Huatuco Lozano Maribel
Published: May 2021

Como esencia, el artículo aborda determinados posicionamientos de la dinámica socio-demográfica de la población que obstaculizan las oportunidades para el desarrollo socio-económico local. La urgencia del tema se impone cuando se observan cambios en la estructura y composición demográfica del país, y donde la provincia de Granma, potencialmente agropecuaria y con una población rural importante, manifiesta alarmas en dichas estadísticas. Los datos en el territorio indican declive en el nivel poblacional debido a procesos como: el flujo migratorio negativo, acompañado de bajos niveles de fecundidad, y el creciente envejecimiento poblacional, con índices importantes en zonas rurales. Con el propósito de un examen más puntual se plantea el objetivo de caracterizar las principales variables de la dinámica demográfica que intervienen en el lento crecimiento poblacional de la provincia de Granma, haciendo hincapié en el ritmo que presentan estas variables en espacios urbanos y rurales.

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo haciendo uso de fuentes estadísticas, censales y documentales. Resultó necesario el cálculo y análisis de indicadores demográficos para comprender los tipos de poblaciones según sexo, edad, lugar de residencia, en relación con variables de migración, fecundidad y envejecimiento. Los resultados indican la valía de la dinámica poblacional para establecer directrices en las estrategias de desarrollo local, con la finalidad de establecer acciones para mejorar las condiciones de infraestructura y servicio en comunidades de difícil acceso, y atenuar las diferencias entre los espacios. Esto facilitaría la retención de los habitantes, sobre todo en aquellos territorios que hoy pudieran considerarse polos productivos de valor económico para el país.
Análisis estadístico de datos provenientes de experimentos con mediciones repetidas en espacio y/o tiempo
Authors: Milla Pino Manuel Emilio
Published: May 2021

El análisis estadístico correcto provee de resultados y conclusiones válidas en una investigación; así el análisis en el espacio para un tiempo dado, análisis en el tiempo para un mismo espacio, análisis combinado en el espacio para cada periodo, el análisis combinado en el tiempo para cada localidad y el análisis combinado en el espacio y en el tiempo; resultan válidos según cada objetivo de las investigaciones, evaluando el espacio y tiempo de análisis.
Tecnologías para el tratamiento de aguas con radiación solar para el desarrollo sustentable: Una Revisión
Authors: Rascón Jesús , Culqui Huaman Jherson , Gosgot Ángeles Wildor , Oliva Manuel , Reina Marin Yuri , Leiva-Tafur Damaris , Gamarra-Torres Oscar
Published: May 2021

La falta de tecnologías económicas y eficientes para el tratamiento de aguas es un problema global. Muchos investigadores buscan nuevas alternativas para el tratamiento de aguas que, reemplacen a las tecnologías tradicionales como la cloración, la filtración o la ebullición. Algunas de las tecnologías alternativas, son los que utilizan la radiación solar como los destiladores solares, el fotofenton o la desinfección solar (SODIS). Son tecnologías más económicas a comparación con las tradicionales, al utilizar la radiación solar como energía renovable, y por lo tanto el costo disminuye. Sin embargo, mediante estas tecnologías, no se pueden tratar grandes volúmenes de agua, como es el caso del SODIS que pueden tratar eficiente mente bajos volúmenes de agua mediante el uso botellas de politereftalato de etileno (PET). En el intento de mejorar las tecnologías basados en radiación solar se han creado algunas como las bolsas SODIS o los colectores solares con espejos parabólicos, también llamados concentradores parabólicos compuestos (CPC). Aun así, también presentan una serie de inconvenientes. En el caso de las bolsas SODIS, dan un mal olor al agua tratada, mientras que, en el caso de los CPC el costo de su implementación es más elevado. Como una alternativa económica a todo esto, surgió la fotocatálisis que usa normalmente el Óxido de Titanio (TiO2) como fotocatalizador. Con ello se reducen los tiempos de exposición mediante reacciones redox, lo que hace que métodos como el SODIS sean más eficientes.
Nursing Education Institutions’ Readiness to Fully Implement Simulation-Based Education in Lesotho
Authors: Moabi Pule Solomon , Mtshali Ntombifikile Gloria
Published: May 2021

The use of simulation learning in competency-based nursing education programmes is gaining momentum in an effort to ensure competency among graduates. Nursing education institutions are using various simulation methods, such as low, medium, and high fidelity. Simulation laboratories need to be manned by qualified personnel and the management of the institutions need to create an enabling environment for the implementation of simulation-based education. In Lesotho, nursing education institutions use improvised equipment and supplies, malfunctioning mannequins are not fixed timeously, and simulation laboratories are manned by educators who also conduct demonstrations and do student follow-ups in clinical areas. The aim of the study was to assess the readiness of the four private nursing education institutions in Lesotho to implement simulation-based education and to describe facilitators of and barriers to implementing simulation-based education. A quantitative, descriptive design was used, employing the Simulation Culture Organisational Readiness Survey questionnaire, with 63 nurse educators from the private nursing education institutions. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 27. Pearson’s Chi-square was used to assess the relationship between the variables of interest and frequency distribution was used to assess the distribution of responses. The results show that the institutions are moderately ready to implement simulation-based education (readiness score 134.2 to 136.8). Factors related to administration, management, and human resources have a major influence on institutions’ readiness. It is therefore concluded that management should motivate nurse educators to implement simulation-based education and also put policies in place in support of this.
An Asymmetric Axe from the Collections of the Tobolsk Museum-Reserve
Authors: Balyunov Igor V.
Published: May 2021

Purpose. Among its collections, the Tobolsk Museum-reserve keep an axe, which was an accidental find. The purpose of this publication is to introduce the presented sample into scientific circulation, as well as to complete the description of the find, establish its functional purpose, chronology and determine its place of production. Upon admission to the museum, it was identified as a combat weapon and tentatively dated to the 17th century.
Results. The axe has a wide blade which extends downwards, covered with a notched ornament. An important feature is its asymmetric cross-section, where one of the sides is flat and the other is convex. Similar axes found in Siberia are often defined as battle axes, however this definition is incorrect. Currently, no Tobolsk axe prototypes are known to have been found on the territory of the Moscow state, however asymmetric axes are known to have been used, in particular, in Eastern Europe, since at least the 15th century. According to some authors, asymmetric axes are specialized tools for carpentry and joinery. This definition is most reliably justified in the publication of Polish researcher M. Glosek. This point of view is convincingly confirmed by the catalogues of Eastern European metalworking plants of the first half of the 20th century. The definition of long-bladed asymmetric axes as a combat weapon is based, as a rule, on random finds with unknown dating. More proof can be found by their absence in the materials of archaeological excavations.
Conclusion. It can be assumed that asymmetric axes were imported to Russia between the Modern Period up to ethnographic modernity. One of the most likely producers is the Transcarpathian plant in the village of Kobyletskaya Polyana, which specialized in the manufacture of tools for the forest industry and had a fairly wide market. The widest possible period when Transcarpathian axes could be imported into Russia is no earlier than the end of the 18th century, and not later than the middle of the 20th century.
Features of Ceramics of the Kulai Culture (Surgut Variant) of the Barsov gorodok I/32 Site (Surgut-Ob Region)
Authors: Selin Dmitrii V. , Chemyakin Yuriy P.
Published: May 2021

Purpose. Barsova Gora is a unique archaeological and landscape site located in the Tyumen Region of the Russian Federation. The archaeological site Barsov gorodok I/32 is located on the edge of the bank of Utoplaya river. A visual comparison of the ceramics of the early Iron Age from the Barsov gorodok I/31–32 sites and the ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/4 site from the east showed their great similarity, if not their identical nature. For a correct comparison and identification of similarities and differences in the ceramics of these sites, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive study of the products of each settlement using a unified technique. The study is devoted to the analysis of ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/32 site.
Results. The most common motifs are rows of ‘ducks’. Other common patterns are: short wavy horizontal and vertical prints (‘birds’ and ‘snakes’), rows of stamp prints, notches and ‘pearls’. There are no non-ornamented dividing zones on the vessels. There are no ornaments in the form of a series of hemotheric figures and meanders. The upper edges of the vessels are flat (28 %) or beveled inward (72%). In 33% of cases, a cornice is present. The ceramics are made from low-sand ferruginous clays with a natural admixture of sand, mica, brown iron ore, and scraps of vegetation. Artificial impurities are represented by chamotte, broken stone and organic matter. Four recipes of clay paste have been revealed: clay + broken stone; clay + broken stone + chamotte; clay + chamotte; clay + chamotte + organic matter. The ceramics are made with ribbons. The shape of the vessels is cauldron-like.
Conclusion. The absence of non-ornamented dividing zones, the presence of rows of short wavy horizontal and vertical impressions (‘birds’ and ‘snakes’), the presence of inwardly beveled upper edges of the vessels with ornamented cornices testify to the late existence of this pottery. The ceramics of the Barsov gorodok I/32 site can be attributed to the late stage of the Kulai culture (Surgut variant).
The Snake and Its Chthonic Essence in Traditional Beliefs, Language and Folklore of the Khakass
Authors: Burnakov Venariy A.
Published: May 2021

Purpose. The aim of the study is to characterize the image of the snake as a chthonic creature in Khakass culture. Based on the goal, the following tasks were set: to analyze folklore and ethnographic information of these people and identify the key components of this mythological creature, to discover the semantic connections of its image with natural objects and elements, as well as with the idea of death. The work is based on the analysis of a wide range of sources. For the first time, it introduces field ethnographic and archival folklore materials, as well as author translations from Khakas into Russian of excerpts from heroic legends – alyptyg nymykhtar, proverbs and sayings related to the topic under consideration. Particular attention is paid to the lexical analysis of the myth-ritual complex related to the image of the snake.
Results. As a result of the analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1) the image of a snake was widespread in Khakass culture. This reptile was endowed with sacred attributes. In this connection, its image was widely used in language, folklore, and ritual practice; 2) the formation of characteristic features of the mythological image of this reptile was influenced by its biological nature, first of all, the morphology of its body, behavior, lifestyle, way of hunting, and, of course – the environment; 3) with all the variety of symbolic characteristics of this reptile, the key is its perception, as a chthonic creature. It was closely associated with the cult of natural objects, in particular with respect for the land. Its deep connection with the underworld is revealed; 4) in religious and mythological consciousness of the Khakass, this reptile acts as an inhabitant of the world of the dead, and is also a harbinger of death, and often its personification; 5) in mythological consciousness, the projection of its zoological features was expressed mainly in endowing its image with features such as agility, cunningness and greed, which was reflected in phraseological units.
Pottery Complexes of the Ust’-Kova Geoarcheological Area in the Lower Angara Region (Based on Materials of 2008–2011)
Authors: Drozdov Nikolay I. , Leontev Victor P. , Gurulev Dmitry A. , Biryuleva Kseniya V.
Published: May 2021

Purpose. As a result of preparations for the flooding of the Boguchan Hydroelectric Power Station reservoir bed, the Lower Angara region has witnessed increased activity as an archeological source base in recent years. It initiated the development of studies on the taxonomy of pottery traditions, both in the region and in adjacent territories, their chronology and interaction models. A number of informative archaeological sites at the estuary of the Kova River were excavated in large-scale horizontal exposures. Morphological analysis of the most informative part of the collection of surveys of 2008–2011, its comparative studies and the subsequent analysis of the spatial and stratigraphic context of the wares were the object of this paper.
Results. A number of pottery groups were identified and their cultural-chronological attribution was proposed. Pottery of the Middle Ages predominate – Ust’-Kova type vessels, wares decorated with thin and smearing cordons, combed decorated pottery. The period of the Early Iron Age is represented by the Tsepan’ culture pottery, vessels with ‘wisp’ cordons and thin cordons decorated with finger pinches. Morphologically heterogeneous ‘pearl-ribbed’ pottery is attributed to the Bronze Age. Among the Neolithic ceramics, ‘net-impressed’ pottery (including the Aplin type), wares of Posol’sk and Ust’-Belaya types, as well as vessels close to Serovo pottery were presented. The complexes of the Early Iron Age – the Middle Ages have little information content due to the fact that the upper culture-bearing sediments are largely disturbed. There is a tendency toward a shift of site zones from the Angara coast in the Neolithic and Bronze Age to the right bank of the Kova River in subsequent periods.
Conclusion. The collection includes wares dating from the Neolithic to the ‘Russian’ time. Conclusions about the information content of materials of cultural layers for further research are made. A subsequent collation of observations on settlement location trends will be able to reveal mobility patterns among carriers of various pottery traditions.
Children’s Burial Ground of Andronovo (Fedorovo) Culture in the Baraba Forest-Steppe
Authors: Molodin Vyacheslav I. , Kobeleva Liliya S.
Published: May 2021

Purpose. The materials from the Preobrazhenka-3 children’s burial ground of Andronovo (Fedorovo) culture of the Bronze Age, located in the Baraba forest-steppe, are introduced into scientific circulation.
Results. During the research process, results of the planigraphic analysis of the site were obtained. The necropolis is quite clearly localized. Subsequently, already in the Late Bronze Age (Irmen culture), earthen structures (mounds) were constructed on its surface. In turn, the bearers of Andronovo (Fedorovo) culture built their necropolis on the territory of a previously existing and no longer visible settlement of Krotovo culture. The study of the burial complexes revealed groups of burials containing complete and incomplete skeletons of children. There are also graves with only a vessel without either a corpse or other equipment. Analysis of ceramic vessels from burials made it possible to divide them into two groups. The first group consists of elegant vessels made with the classical canon. The ornament is represented by complex compositions containing rows of oblique shaded triangles, meanders, cannelures. The second group of vessels was made extremely carelessly. The ornament is applied unevenly, frequently with traces of smudged parts. It has been suggested that some of the ceramic vessels placed in the graves were made by children.
Conclusion. The Preobrazhenka-3 burial ground provides researchers with all types of children’s burial practices and serves as a kind of model for its implementation by the bearers of Andronovo (Fedorovo) culture.
Comparative Analysis of the Shear Bond Strength of Flowable Self-Adhering Resin-Composites Adhesive to Dentine with a Conventional Adhesive
Authors:   Ministry of Health, Jeddah Specialty Dental Center, Saudi Arabia, AA Asiri , R Khan ,   Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, SS Alzahrani ,   Jordan University of Science and Technology, College of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia, S Haider ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, S Ud-Din Khan ,   Sustainable Energy Technologies (SET) Center, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, EAM Asiri ,   King Khalid University, College of Dentistry, Saudi Arabia, MF Alamri ,   Al-Farabi College of Dentistry and Nursing, Saudi Arabia, A Ahmad ,   Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to measure and compare the Shear Bond Strength (SBS) of a self-adhering flowable resin composite to dentin with a conventional flowable composite, and evaluate the various modes of failure. Thirty (n=30) human premolar teeth were randomly allocated to two groups (Group I: Vertise Flow; Group II: Filtek Ultimate) of 15 specimens each, and SBS was measured for specimens from each group by applying shear load using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). Modes of failure were observed with an optical microscope. An independent samples T test was performed to test the Levene’s assumption of homogeneity of variance across both groups, with the critical value set at 0.05. The results revealed, that the self-adhering flowable composite (Group I: VertiseTM Flow) resulted in lower shear bond strength as compared with the conventional flowable resin composite (Group II: Filtek Ultimate). Moreover, group I predominantly exhibited non-cohesive failure which reflects a poor bonding to dentin. On the other hand, Group II showed mixed failure for most of the samples, which demonstrate strong adhesive bonding. Therefore, it could be concluded that the self-adhering flowable resin composite (Group I) results in lower SBS to dentin as compare with conventional flowable composite.
Collaborative Improvement and Innovation Networks Improving the Quality of Pediatric Physical and Mental Health Care
Authors:   The School-Based Health Alliance, USA, E Sullivan , K Cushing ,   The School-Based Health Alliance, USA, P Fields ,   The School-Based Health Alliance, USA, P Robinson ,   University of Maryland School of Medicine, National Center for School Mental Health, USA, J Bohnenkamp ,   University of Maryland School of Medicine, National Center for School Mental Health, USA
Published: May 2021

Youth throughout the United States face physical and mental health concerns that threaten their wellbeing and academic success. This is especially true among low-income communities and communities of color. School-Based Health Centers (SBHCs) and Comprehensive School Mental Health Systems (CSMHSs) are evidence-based delivery models that provide essential health services to students and their communities, recognized for targeting barriers like transportation, cost, and time. This paper describes a national initiative to increase the number of SBHCs and CSMHSs, improve the quality of care delivered, and strengthen the sustainability of school-based health and mental health through Collaborative Improvement and Innovation Networks (CoIINs). In spring 2020, when schools nationwide closed abruptly due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this initiative provided participants an essential professional network and space to share challenges, innovations, and best practices to sustain high quality care delivered to students. Participants shared that their involvement encouraged staff and state agencies to work more closely together and provided protected time to focus solely on student health. The CoIIN was especially helpful as sites transitioned from in-person to telehealth care due to school closures. Participation helped sites engage in peer-to-peer sharing, comparison, benchmarking, and a continuous piloting of new strategies. This case report describes the CoIIN with a particular focus on implementation during COVID-19. This will benefit school-based health and mental health practitioners and stakeholders interested in employing a similar model of quality improvement and support.
The Schizophrenia Variant V1282F in SCN2A Causes Functional Impairment of NaV1.2
Authors:   Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, USA, B Kohlnhofer , Y Liu ,   Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, USA, G Woodruff ,   Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, USA, T Lovenberg ,   Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, USA, P Bonaventure ,   Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, USA, AW Harrington ,   Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, USA
Published: May 2021

Neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia are challenging to treat due to the biological complexity of the disease and the lack of knowledge of the underlying pathophysiology. Whole exome and genome sequencing studies have identified disease-linked rare variants in patients with large effect size. Here, we functionally characterize the schizophrenia linked variant V1282F in SCN2A, encoding the sodium channel Nav1.2. This variant was introduced into isogenic lines of hiPSCs using CRISPR/CAS9 genome editing tools. hiPSCs were then differentiated into cortical neurons to understand how the variant and gene may be contributing to disease. We observed a significant (~25%) decrease in sodium current in the V1282F neurons compared to control neurons, suggesting the mutation is causing a loss-of-channel function. These results were supported by recordings in recombinant cells overexpressing either the mutant or wildtype Nav1.2, with the mutant channel having significantly (~75%) lower current amplitude than wildtype. We hypothesize that this phenotype may contribute to disease either through the direct loss of neuronal activity or through subsequent abnormal neurodevelopment.
Performance Metrics of the AGGRESTAR PL-12® Platelet Function Analyser in Patients with TIA or Ischaemic Stroke on Commonly-Prescribed Antiplatelet Regimens
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Tallaght University Hospital (TUH)/The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Incorporating the National Children’s Hospital (AMNCH), Dublin, Ireland, C Offiah , S Delaney ,   Department of Neurology, Tallaght University Hospital (TUH)/The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Incorporating the National Children’s Hospital (AMNCH), Dublin, Ireland, DR Smith ,   Department of Neurology, Tallaght University Hospital (TUH)/The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Incorporating the National Children’s Hospital (AMNCH), Dublin, Ireland, SJX Murphy ,   Department of Neurology, Tallaght University Hospital (TUH)/The Adelaide and Meath Hospital, Dublin, Incorporating the National Children’s Hospital (AMNCH), Dublin, Ireland, DJ Ryan ,   Stroke Service, TUH/AMNCH, Ireland, DR Collins ,   Stroke Service, TUH/AMNCH, Ireland, AJ McCarthy ,   Stroke Service, TUH/AMNCH, Ireland, B Egan ,   Department of Vascular Surgery, TUH/AMNCH, Dublin, Ireland, D Cox ,   Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland, DJH McCabe ,   Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The optimal time interval after venepuncture to perform platelet function/reactivity testing at low shear stress on the novel AGGRESTAR PL-12® platelet function analyser in non-Chinese Cerebrovascular Disease (CVD) patients is unknown. Methods: Twelve TIA/ischaemic stroke patients were recruited to this cross-sectional, methodological study: 3 on aspirin monotherapy, aspirindipyridamole combination therapy, clopidogrel monotherapy and aspirinclopidogrel combination therapy, respectively. The PL-12 (‘mode 2’) was used to calculate the % maximum aggregation rate to fixed doses of arachidonic acid (%MARAA) and adenosine diphosphate (%MARADP). Samples were analysed every 15 minutes from 30-135 minutes, and every 30 minutes between 165-225 minutes after venepuncture to calculate the time interval providing optimal interassay Coefficients of Variation (CVs). Results: Mean CVs were ≤ 7.37% for the %MARAA assay in patients on aspirin monotherapy or combination therapy, and ≤ 10.24% for the %MARADP assay in patients on clopidogrel monotherapy or combination therapy if assays were performed between 90-120 minutes post-venepuncture. CVs ≤ 10% were also obtained from assays performed between 90-165 minutes postvenepuncture on aspirin monotherapy or combination therapy. Discussion: Reliable and reproducible platelet function/reactivity data can be obtained with the AGGRESTAR PL-12 analyser in non-Chinese CVD patients on commonly-prescribed antiplatelet monotherapy or combination therapy regimens between 90-120 minutes post-venepuncture.
Ad hoc and Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: K Thamizhmaran
Published: May 2021

A relative newcomer to the field of wireless communications, ad hoc and wireless sensor networks is growing quickly, an essential guide for anyone interested in wireless communications for sensor networks, home networking, or device hacking both in its importance and its applications. With rapid advances in hardware, software, and protocols, ad hoc networks are now coming of age, and the time has come to bring together into one reference their principles, technologies, and techniques I’ll explain everything necessary to get started, at least briefly this book focuses on getting your projects up and running as efficiently as possible.