bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimation of cancer mortality attributable to excess body weight during 2006-2015 in China
Authors: Xu Lisha , Yang Zongming , Li Tiezheng , Yu Luhua , Zhu Zhanghang , Wu Yonghao , Tang Mengling , Jin Mingjuan , Chen Kun , Wang Jianbing
Published: July 2022

Background: Cancer is one of the most common causes of death. Excess body weight (including overweight and obesity), a risk factor of cancer, is highly prevalent in China. We aimed to estimate the number and proportion of cancer deaths attributed to excess body weight and their changes from 2006 to 2015 in China.Methods: We calculated the proportion of cancer deaths attributed to excess body weight during 2006-2015 in China. Population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated with: 1) prevalence of overweight/obesity, exacted from the China Health and Nutrition Survey conducted in 1997, 2000, and 2004; 2) relative risks (RRs) for excess body weight and site-specific cancers, obtained from published studies; 3) data on cancer deaths in 2006, 2010, and 2015, originated from the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report.Results: In 2015, excess body weight contributed to 45,385 cancer deaths (3.17% of all) in China. The highest fraction of cancer deaths attributable to excess body weight was in the northeast (4.18%, 95% CI: 1.44-7.22%), whereas the lowest one was in the west (1.69%, 95%CI: 0.55-3.03%). The fractions of cancer deaths attributable to excess body weight were higher in women than that in men (2.12% VS. 1.73% for overweight; 1.68% VS. 0.92% for obesity). During 2006 - 2015, the overall PAF attributed to overweight decreased slightly and then increased, whereas the corresponding figure was on the rise for obesity.Conclusion: Proportion of cancer deaths attributed to excess body weight was higher in women, and subjects in the east and northeast, and was on an upward trend in recent decades. A combination of comprehensive and individualized measures is necessary to reduce the prevalence of excess body weight and related cancer burden in China.
Food insecurity of food aid users in urban and rural areas in Catalonia after the COVID crisis onset
Authors: Carrillo-Álvarez Elena , Costa-Tutusaus Lluís , Milá-Villaroel Raimon , Krishnan Nithya Shankar , Salinas-Roca Blanca
Published: July 2022

BackgroundThe COVID-19 has impacted the global economy, worsening the effects of recessions on the family economies. In Spain, the demand for social services, specially for food aid has raised. Nevertheless, the degree to which it has contributed to alleviate food insecurity, both in rural and areas, has not been assessed. Thus, the aim of this paper is to report a study to estimate the prevalence and degree of food insecurity, dietary diversity and association between sociodemographic characteristics in a sample of food aid recipients in urban and rural areas of Catalonia in the year after the onset of the COVID crisis.MethodsCross-sectional data on food insecurity, dietary diversity, household income and sociodemographic characteristics were derived from the survey in 7 different food aid distribution points from urban and rural locations. Validated questionnaires included the FAO Spanish version of Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and the Household Dietary Diversity Scale (HDDS). Data analysis included the study of the descriptive and correlational aspects, as well as of group comparisons based on sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsThe prevalence of severe food insecurity was 52,1% followed by 28.1% suffering moderate food insecurity. New users due to the covid showed a significantly higher prevalence of food insecurity. 66% of the participants reported to be new users since the covid crisis. Only 12,5% of the sample lived in households where all adults were unemployed, and 44,8 had a situation of full employment. Almost a third of the sample (32.3%) reported having someone in their household that suffered from any diet-related illnesses or diseases. Food insecurity was higher amongst new users. No significant differences were found in terms of HDDS. ConclusionsOur results indicate that while food aid is critical to many people’s lives, it is not adequately addressing food insecurity. This paper also provides evidence that much of the gap in food insecurity is related to dietary diversity and children in households. Social networks can serve as informal insurance or provide women with more bargaining power within the household.
Multimodel climate change projections of temperature for evapotranspiration scenarios and potential impact on the cropping system in Jamuna Command Area, Assam, Northeast India
Authors: Debnath Mridusmita , Sarma Arup Kumar , Mahanta Chandan
Published: July 2022

North East India has a high potential for agricultural productivity, which is very vulnerable to climatic changes. Further limited surface water irrigation leads to rice-fallow mostly. Therefore, evapotranspiration (ET) assessment is essential for multiple cropping and annual irrigation management in the Jamuna command area (JCA). This work aims to describe the variability of potential evapotranspiration (PET) and irrigation needs at a basin level under changing climate. Multilinear Regression (MLR) model and predictors from 3 General Circulation Model (GCM) models of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) are used to examine the projected changes in mean monthly air temperature of JCA. Temperature-based best ET model after comparison was used for ET projections. Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios 4.5 and 8.5 are used from 2025 to 2100. The results showed that the NSC and CC range was 0.88–0.94 and 0.94– 0.97 respectively. For the error indices − 0.02–0.35 and 0.24–0.35 for PBIAS and RSR, respectively. The results of the future trend analysis showed a significant climate change impact on temperature anomaly during future periods. Temperature change is projected to decrease in the forthcoming and then gradually increase upto 1.4°C in the distant future for RCP 8.5. The kharif crop evapotranspiration increased at the end of 21st centuary to 0.25% and 1.18% for RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 respectively. The rabi crop evapotranpiration increased by about 1% and 2.5% under RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, respectively. The zaid crop evapotranspiration increased approximately 1.3% and 2.4% under RCP 4.5, and 8.5, respectively.
Characteristics, Morphological and Electrotechmical Studies of Al-12Si-xTe Alloys
Authors: Abdullah Hiba A. , Adnan Raad S. A. , Mathew Mathew T. , Anaee Rana A.
Published: July 2022

This work aims to investigate the behavior of \(Al-12Si-xTe\) alloys that are fabricated by the casting method due to the importance of Al-12Si alloy in many industries. Tellurium metal was added with three weight percents (1, 2 and 3%) and the characterization of these produced alloys was done by XRD analysis to identify the formation of hard \({Al}_{2}{Te}_{3}\) phase, which refining the grain size in a base alloy. SEM examination also confirmed the refining and uniformity distribution of \(Te\) within \(\alpha -Al\) matrix and eutectic\(Si\). From AFM analysis can be seen that 2 and 3 wt% of \(Te\) gave lower surface roughness compared with base alloy, while \(Al-12Si-1Te\) alloy gave the highest ratio of the interfacial area due to heterogeneity between matrix and \(Te\) clustered particles. The refining of produced alloys led to the difference in main diameter that increased after \(Te\) addition as illustrated from AFM analysis and so the \(Te\) addition gave more theoretical wear resistance. Corrosion measurement showed that 2 and 3 wt% of \(Te\) gave different behavior for cathodic and anodic regions and decreasing in the corrosion rate to 0.0033 and 0.0479 mm/y respectively compared to base and \(Al-12Si-1Te\) alloys due to formation of \({Al}_{2}{Te}_{3}\) phase as sufficient cathodic area.
Biochar Combined with Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers Promoted the Rapeseed Growth and Improved the Soil Quality in Purple Soil
Authors: Liu Ming , Linna Cholidah , Ma Shumin , Ma Qun , Song Wenfeng , Shen Mingzhu , Song Lixia , Cui Kaidong , Zhou Yuling , Wang Longchang
Published: July 2022

Background Biochar is one kind of organic matter that can be added into soil as a soil amendment to improve its quality. To study the effect of biochar addition combined with organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and fertility and microbial community in purple soil, a completely randomized block design was designed with three levels of biochar [B0: no biochar, B1: low-rate biochar (35 t/ha) , B2: high-rate biochar (50 t/ha)]; two levels of inorganic fertilizers [F1: low-rate inorganic fertilizer (30 kg/ha N, 87.5 kg/ha P2O5 and 60 kg/ha K2O); F2: high-rate inorganic fertilizer (60 kg/ha N, 175 kg/ha P2O5 and 120 kg/ha K2O)]; and two levels of organic fertilizers [M1: no organic fertilizer; M2: with organic fertilizer (4.5 t/ha)]. Results With the application of biochar, the plant height and stem diameter of rapeseed were increased by 6.15%-9.80% and 16.37%-20.11%, respectively. The photosynthetic capacity increased by 20.25% to 35.83%, and the yield increased by 16.40% to 19.11%, respectively. It also promoted the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by rapeseed to varying degrees. At the same time, the combined application of biochar and organic and inorganic fertilizers could improve soil pH, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content and soil microbial community richness: The pH of B1F2M1 increased 0.41 compared with the control, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in the soil increased by 103.95%, 117.88% and 99.05%, respectively. Meanwhile, soil microbial community richness was also improved. Conclusions Our research showed that biochar could promote the growth and development of rapeseed, and the combined application of biochar with organic and inorganic fertilizers could improve soil fertility and increase microbial diversity. Low-rate biochar combined with organic fertilizer and low-rate inorganic fertilizer was the most suitable application mode in rapeseed production in purple soil area of Southwest China.
A new approach for studying the stability and degradation products of ascorbic acid in solutions
Authors: Pilarski Bogusław , Wyrzykowski Dariusz , Młodzianowski Janusz
Published: July 2022

The potentiometric titration (PT) method has been applied for the first time to investigate the stability of L-ascorbic acid (H2Asc) and to determine its degradation products in aqueous solutions. The presented electrochemical procedures can be considered to be a fast, simple and inexpensive way to control the stability of H2Asc in a regular analytical practice as well as in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Experimental data as well as modeling suggest that the enolic form of 2,3-diketogulonic acid predominates in a solution as the main product of dehydroascorbate (DHA) degradation. Furthermore, the PT results supported by conductometric measurements (CM) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI/MS) data enable us to propose the putative mechanism of the H2Asc decomposition. Moreover, it has been proven that among different types of investigated electrolytes (KNO3, KClO4 and KSCN), the thiocyanate ions (SCN-) reveal the stabilizing effect against the degradation of H2Asc. Thus, the presence of SCN- in the H2Asc solution is proposed as an alternative way for some organic solvents earlier used. Finally, a new paraffin-protection-layer procedure has been recommended for studying as well as storage of the solutions comprising components sensitive to external factors (e.g. O2, CO2) and to evaporation.
A novel NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 with complex genome recombination is highly pathogenic to piglets
Authors: Zhou Long , Yu Jifeng , Zhou Jun , Long Yaoping , Xiao Lu , Fan Yandi , Yang Danjiao , Zhang Bin , Zhang Zhidong , Liu Jie
Published: July 2022

Background: The NADC34-like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 2 (PRRSV-2) first emerged in China in 2017 and has the potential to become the dominant PRRSV strain in China. This study aimed to analyze the genetic features and investigate the pathogenicity of a novel NADC34-like PRRSV in southwest China. Results: In this study, a novel PRRSV-2, SCcd2020, was isolated from diseased piglets in Sichuan province, southwest China in 2020. The complete viral genome was determined and analyzed. An ORF5-based phylogenetic analysis showed that SCcd2020 clustered with NADC34-like strains, whereas the genome sequence clustered the isolate with NADC30-like viruses and it contains a discontinuous 131-aa deletion in NSP2 when compared to NADC30 strain. Notably, recombination analyses indicated that SCcd2020 is a multiple recombinant virus from NADC30-like, NADC34-like and JXA1-like strains, which is the first description of Chinese domestic HP-PRRSV involving the recombination event of an NADC34-like strain. Evolutionary analyses conducted on ORF5 sequences using Bayesian phylodynamic models estimated the time of emergence of NADC34-like strains in China was as early as July 2013, not long before its first detection in the United States in 2014. Importantly, an animal challenge study in 4-week-old piglets showed that SCcd2020 causes high fever and severe hemorrhagic pneumonia with pulmonary consolidation and edema, and it has a high mortality rate (60%), which indicated that SCcd2020 is a highly pathogenic PRRSV strain.Conclusions: This is the first report of the emergence of a novel highly pathogenic NADC34-like recombinant strain, and it highlights the importance of monitoring newly emerging PRRSV strains in China.
Decreased DIO3OS expression predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma and is associated with immune infiltration
Authors: Wang Yunhan , Sun Ping , Hao Xinping , Cao Daihong , Zhang Daijuan , Liu Jiangyue
Published: July 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma has become one of the most shared cancers in the whole world because of its high morbidity, poor survival rate and low recovery rate. Especially in China, hepatocellular carcinoma has been regarded as one of the most malignant cancers. With the exploration of tumor diseases and the development of bioinformatics over the years, lncRNAs have been found to play a direct or indirect regulatory role in tumorigenesis and tumor development, which brings a new direction for the treatment of tumors. Previous studies had investigated that DIO3 opposite strand upstream RNA(DIO3OS) played a promoting role in the occurrence and development of thyroid carcinoma and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma. However, research focusing on the role of DIO3OS in hepatocellular carcinoma is still uncleared. We found that low DIO3OS level often predicts poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, there was significant correlation between different immune cells and their immune markers and DIO3OS. Our results suggest that DIO3OS can be used as an effective biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma, affecting the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by influencing tumor immune cell infiltration.
Intraoperative management of mechanical ventilation in non-cardiothoracic surgery: a national survey in China
Authors: Rao Qian-Qian , Yu Hong , Wang Si-Yang , He Jia-Xin , Li Xue-Fei , Fei Fei , Shang Kai-Xi , Yu Hai
Published: July 2022

Background
The current clinical practice regarding intraoperative ventilation management in non-cardiothoracic surgical setting among anesthesia providers in China is unclear.
Methods
We developed a 25-question anonymous survey which was distributed to anesthesia departments from 81 tertiary/university hospitals in China between August 2021 and September 2021. Information including participant characteristics, ventilatory settings, and opinions on lung-protective ventilation were obtained by electronic survey. Results were reported descriptively.
Results
The survey was completed by 1089 anesthesiologists from 57 institutions (70% institution response rate). The vast majority of respondents (1010/1089; 92.7%)used low tidal volume (6–8 ml kg − 1) ventilation. About three quarters (840/1089; 77.1%) utilized positive end-expiratory pressure, and most anesthesiologists set positive end-expiratory pressure of 1–5 cmH2O in either laparoscopic (639/840; 76.1%) or non-laparoscopic surgery (736/840; 87.6%). The majority of respondents (921/1089; 84.6%) performed alveolar recruitment maneuver intraoperatively. Approximate 20% of respondents routinely implemented lung-protective ventilation with bundles of low tidal volume, positive end-expiratory pressure, and alveolar recruitment maneuver.
Conclusions
We found that heterogeneity exists between individual practices regarding intraoperative ventilation management in the setting of non-cardiothoracic surgery, indicating the potential knowledge-practice gap among Chinese anesthesiologists.
Trial registration number:
ChiCTR2100047653; Registration date: June 21, 2021 Registry URL: Chictr.org.cn.
Single-cell transcriptomics-based multidisease analysis revealing the molecular dynamics of retinal neurovascular units under inflammatory and hypoxic conditions
Authors: Zhang Yuxi , Yang Xiongyi , Deng Xiaoqing , Yang Siyu , Li Qiumo , Xie Zhuohang , Hong Libing , Cao Mingzhe , Yi Guoguo , Fu Min
Published: July 2022

The retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) is paramount to maintaining the homeostasis of the retina and determines the progression of various diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), glaucoma, and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Although some studies have investigated these diseases, a combined analysis of disease-wide etiology in the NUV at the single-cell level is lacking. Herein, we constructed an atlas of the NVU under inflammatory and hypoxic conditions by integrating single-cell transcriptome data from retinas from wild-type, AireKO, and NdpKO mice. Based on the heterogeneity of the NVU structure and transcriptome diversity under normal and pathological conditions, we discovered two subpopulations of Müller cells: Aqp4hi and Aqp4lo cells. Specifically, Aqp4lo cells expresses phototransduction genes and represent a special type of Müller cell distinct from Aqp4hi cells, classical Müller cells. AireKO mice exhibit experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) with severe damage to the NVU structure, mainly degeneration of Aqp4hi cells. NdpKO mice exhibited familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR), with damage to the endothelial barrier, endothelial cell tight junction destruction and basement membrane thickening, accompanied by the reactive secretion of proangiogenic factors by Aqp4hi cells. In both EAU and FEVR, Aqp4hi cells are a key factor leading to NVU damage, and the mechanism by which they are generated is regulated by different transcription factors. By studying the pattern of immune cell infiltration in AireKO mice, we constructed a regulatory loop of "inflammatory cells/NVU - monocytes - APCs - Ifng+ T cells", providing a new target for blocking the inflammatory cascade. Our elucidation of the cell-specific molecular changes, cell‒cell interactions and transcriptional mechanisms of the retinal NVU provides new insights to support the development of multipurpose drugs to block or even reverse NVU damage.
The SDNoC Paradigm with Parallel Cores and Shortest Paths
Authors: Avelino Adelino , Oliveira Samuel , Kreutz Márcio
Published: July 2022

Networks-on-chip provides benefits for improving distributed applications performance due to their intrinsic parallelism in communications. One promising direction for optimizing such architectures is the software defined paradigm, the software defined Networks on Chip (SDNoCs). In this approach, all routing controller mechanisms run as software in a central controller. This work proposes the optimization of SDNoCs by either exploring different routing strategies and varying the number of controllers. The approach suggests a significant improvement in communication latency by reducing the waiting time of packets in the controllers queue. The results obtained are promising. Applying Dijkstra and Branch-and-Bound algorithms and increasing the number of controller cores optimize communication latency in 100\% of the cases when compared to the XY routing strategy.
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) potentiates the inhibitory effect of cisplatin on metastatic B16F10 melanoma cell proliferation and invasion by modulating inflammation and MMP-2/-9.
Authors: Sivakalai Suresh Dhanusu , Babu Aadhil Ashwaq , Kalaiarasu Lakshmi Priya , Vellaichamy Elangovan
Published: July 2022

In the present study, we evaluated whether C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) alone or combined with cisplatin (CDDP) can inhibit cell proliferation and invasion of B16F10 cells. The cell viability assay, Western blot, qPCR, and Boyden chamber assays were performed to assess cell proliferation, inflammation, and invasion of B16F10 cells. Dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation was noticed in CNP alone treated cells, with 50% inhibition seen at 10μM of CNP. A significant reduction in cell proliferation markers (Cyclin D1 and PCNA, p<0.05), inflammation markers (NF-κB, TNF-α, and COX-2, p<0.05), and invasion markers (MMP-2/-9, p<0.05) were observed in B16F10 cells treated with CNP. A more prominent cell proliferation inhibition was noticed in a combination of CNP+CDDP treatment. Furthermore, when there was an increase in the concentration of CNP (5μM to 10μM) along with CDDP (2μM), strongly decreases the cell proliferation, inflammatory markers (p<0.01) and invasion (35% and 17%, p<0.01) of B16F10 cells as compared with CNP/CDDP alone treatment cells, respectively. The present study results demonstrate that CNP alone treatment potentially suppresses the cell proliferation, inflammation, and invasion of the B16F10 cells. Furthermore, to improve the inhibitory effects on cell proliferation of anti-cancer agents, we found that the combination of CNP and a non-cytotoxic concentration of CDDP increases the anti-proliferation and anti-invasion activity. Our results suggest that CNP possesses a unique role in inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and metastatic levels of B16F10 cells. Further, the CNP and CDDP combination may be helpful in the therapeutic purpose of cancer.
Removal of toluene from air- scream using semi industrial two-phase bioscrubber with cutting oil: An intervention study
Authors: Nourmohammadi Mohammad , Golbabaei Farideh Golbabaei , Karimi Ali , Taban Ebrahim
Published: July 2022

Toluene is a single-ring aromatic, which is widely used in various industrial processes. Regarding to harmful effects to human, the aim of this study was removal of toluene from the airflow using industrial-scale low-pressure two-phase bioscrubber with cutting oil. The design of the bioscrubber of the present study consisted of two parts of the adsorption column and a. Also, cutting oil was added at concentrations of 5%, 7.5% and 10% as organic phases and tested. The results show that after 72 hours with increasing organic phase concentration, toluene concentration was further decomposed compared to the control sample. The results showed that the use of 5% concentration of cutting oil increased the efficiency from 22% in the case of no organic phase to 55% in the case of using 5% of cutting oil. At a concentration of 7.5%, the lowest efficiency was 38% and the highest was 63%. Also, the minimum and maximum removal capacity are 17 and 269 g/m3.h, respectively. Efficiency at a concentration level of 5% of cutting oil as an organic phase is better than a concentration of 7.5%. In this study, for the first time in Iran, cutting oil was used as an organic phase, which showed that cutting oil in concentrations less than 10% had no effect on the growth of microorganisms. The results showed that shear oil and silicone oil increased the adsorption of volatile organic compounds in bioscrubber.
SiNi San Regulate TNBS-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Anti-Inflammation and Intestinal mucosal barrier protection
Authors: Zhang Yongpeng , An Yating , Li Yongmin , Li Yingchun , Zhao Huiqiao , He Wei
Published: July 2022

Severe inflammatory damage and permeability changes in colon are the main features of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which is a serious digestive system disease. SiNi San (SNS) originated from Treatise on Febrile Diseases, is usually used to treat gastrointestinal diseases. In this study, we explored the protective effect of SNS on IBD. IBD rats were induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg of oral SNS significantly alleviated weight loss and diarrhea, reduced colitis inflammatory cell infiltration and inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine production. SNS also revealed anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW cells. The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α)-induced nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway to suppress cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) expressions. Also colons were collected for immunofluorescence assay and LPS-induced cell-co-culture system of Caco-2 and RAW264.7 cells were used to determine protective effect on intestinal epithelial monolayers damage. Our results showed SNS enhanced expression of claudin-2 and zona occludens-1 (ZO-1), elevated trans epithelial electric resistance, decreased the permeability in LPS-damaged epithelial monolayers system. SNS showed regulatory effect on IBD by anti-inflammatory and protecting intestinal mucosal barrier. It is suggested SNS may be new supplements against IBD.
Corrosion Behavior and Wear Resistance for Ti-18Nb-xCu Alloys
Authors: Demirtaş Hüseyin , Riyadh Mohammed , Anaee Rana
Published: July 2022

Corrosion behavior and wear resistance were investigated for three prepared alloys (Ti-18Nb-xCu) by powder metallurgy method with adding three weight percents of Cu (5, 7 and 9 wt %). The wear results show that Ti-18Nb-7Cu alloy has the lowest wear rate due to hard Ti2Cu phase which mostly formed in the percent of 7%Cu. While the corrosion behavior was different due to the variation in formed cathodic and anodic sites and the formed phase led to increasing the formation of micro-galvanic cells on the alloys surface. AFM analysis was applied to show the surface topography and measure surface roughness, the results indicated that Ti alloy with 7% Cu had the highest surface roughness.
Successful Treatment of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor with Surgical Residue by Radiochemotherapy: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Guo Haiwei , Jiang Mingyun , Cai Juanjuan , Liu Ruiqi , Yao Weiping , Liang Xiaodong , Zhang Haibo
Published: July 2022

Background: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs) are rare soft-tissue neoplasms. Accordingly, there is no standardized therapy for unresectable or advanced IMT. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted molecular therapy play an important role in unresectable or advanced IMT.Case presentation: We present a 54-year-old man with a cough and chest distress case report. The thoracic surgeon performed the right upper pulmonary occupying lesion wedge resection and enlarged lymph node excision biopsy. Pathologic diagnosis revealed that the morphology of "right upper lung mass" was considered as Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (IMT). Radiotherapy was indicated at a high dose: 5400cGy in 27 fractions of 2Gy over 5 weeks were delivered combined with cisplatin. The patient was given a CT/MRI and hematological index every 3 months and experienced no more adverse events. The patient survives with no tumor recurrence as of the last follow-up. Progression-free survival (PFS) exceeded 48 months.Conclusions: We have reviewed the literature and summarized and discussed the radiotherapy treatment options and challenges for IMT. We first reported high-dose radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy treatment for unresectable IMT. Concurrent radiochemotherapy may be considered an intensive treatment for local progress, local recurrence, and nonresectable IMT patients.
Strong and tough Mg-MAX phase composites with nacre-like lamellar and brick-and-mortar architectures
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Xie Xi , Liu Zengqian , Yu Qin , Wang Xuegang , Jia Qing , Zhang Zhefeng , Yang Rui , Ritchie Robert
Published: July 2022

Bioinspired nacre-like structures are effective in toughening materials, yet are difficult to construct in Mg-ceramic systems. Here, a set of Mg-MAX phase composites with nacre-like lamellar and brick-and-mortar architectures were fabricated by pressureless infiltration of the Mg melt into ice-templated ceramic scaffolds. The structure and mechanical properties of the composites were elucidated with a special focus on the effects of the types of architectures (lamellar or brick-and-mortar) and matrices (pure Mg or Mg alloy) on the toughening mechanisms. The nacre-like architectures were found to play a role in blunting the cracks via plastic deformation and microcracking, and shielding the cracks from applied stress by promoting crack deflection and uncracked-ligament bridging mechanisms. These composites achieved a good combination of (specific) strength and fracture toughness which are superior to other reported Mg-ceramic and nacre-like metal-ceramic composite materials.
Love in Early Childhood Education: the experience of Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Stewart-MacKenzie Helen Lorraine Grace
Published: July 2022

Love is essential for human psycho-social development, in particular in the early years. Just as the love of parents/care-givers and others in the home setting is vital, there is increasing recognition that love is important for infants, toddlers and young children in early childhood education settings (ECES). However, love demonstrated by teaching professionals continues to be under-researched (Dalli, 2006; Page, 2017a). As a result, educational policy and practice guidelines are still embryonic, or may not yet exist (Dalli et al, 2011; Hughes, 2013). This article presents findings from a nation-wide survey of early childhood professionals in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) undertaken in 2020 which explored early childhood teachers’ understandings of love in ECES in NZ; the first such survey undertaken. Respondents emphasised that a professional approach to love is important despite many responses indicating love is still viewed as unprofessional by early childhood education (ECE) teachers and managers. A key finding of this research is that understanding the nature of love in ECES is required in order to legitimise love in professional spaces and thereby inform policy and practice.
NON-PENAL POLICY IN MANAGING CRIMINAL ACTS OF BRIBERY AND NEPOTISM CORRUPTION
Authors:   Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Jenderal Sudirman University -Purwokerto, Indonesia., a Budiyono , Puji Prayitno Kuat ,   Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Jenderal Sudirman University -Purwokerto, Indonesia., Hendriana Rani ,   Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law, Jenderal Sudirman University -Purwokerto, Indonesia., b Sukirman ,   Associate Professor, Faculty of Law, Jenderal Sudirman University -Purwokerto, Indonesia.
Published: July 2022

Preventive crime prevention policies using non-penal means (outside criminal law), are considered a strategic effort, because they can eliminate conducive factors that cause crime, including in overcoming corruption. The purpose of this paper is to find a form of non-penal policy preventive measures in dealing with corruption, BRIBERY AND NEPOTISM. The research method in this writing is normative juridical using secondary data sources in the form of legislation, literature, journals. The results of the study show that the forms of corruption are: Transactive Corruption (a form of bribery in which the giver and the receiver cooperate to obtain mutual benefits) and Nepotistic Corruption (Types of corruption are related to the giving of economic rents or the appointment of public office to family or friends) is a corruption crime that often occurs in Indonesia, as often caught by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK)s Hand Catch Operation (OTT). Non-penal policies to prevent the occurrence of Transactive Corruption and Nepotistic Corruption need to be carried out, namely by conducting strict and intensive supervision in government goods and service procurement projects that are vulnerable to bribery. This effort is mainly to prevent the occurrence of Transactive Corruption. Meanwhile, to prevent Nepotistic Corruption, it can be done by means of strict and intensive supervision, especially in the process of determining job transfers, both rotations and promotions at government agencies, both at the central and regional levels.
EFFICIENT SYNTHESIS, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF 9- ARYL-6-(3-METHYLPHENYL)[1,2,4]TRIAZOLO[4,3-A]QUINOLINES
Authors:   Department of Chemistry, Chaitanya (Deemed to be University), Hanamkonda, Telangana State-506001., Srilekha Adaboina , Shireesha Kavati ,   Department of Chemistry, Chaitanya (Deemed to be University), Hanamkonda, Telangana State-506001., Venkatesh Shaganti ,   Department of Chemistry, Chaitanya (Deemed to be University), Hanamkonda, Telangana State-506001., Swamy J. Kumara ,   Department of Chemistry, Chaitanya (Deemed to be University), Hanamkonda, Telangana State-506001.
Published: July 2022

A simple and highly efficiently method for the synthesis of 9-aryl-6- (3- methylphenyl)[1,2,4]triazolo [4,3-a]quinolines 8 by the oxidation of the corresponding aryl aldehyde 1-[3-(3-methylphenyl)quinolin-2- yl]hydrazones 7 using iodobenzene diacetate [PhI(OAc)2] in the solid state at RT under grinding conditions is described. The yields are very good and purity is high. The structures of compounds 3-8 were confirmed by their spectroscopic (IR, 1H NMR and MS) and analytical data. The compounds 8 have been tested for their antibacterial and anti- inflammatory activities.
Peso vivo de la oveja primala al primer empadre, y productividad en sus dos primeros partos
Authors: Guzmán Martínez Vanessa , Castillo Linares Erika Belem , Hinojosa Cuéllar José Alfonso , Oliva Hernández Jorge
Published: July 2022

El peso vivo de las ovejas refleja indirectamente su tamaño y composición corporal. Su conocimiento al inicio de un proceso reproductivo y productivo puede ser de gran valor para determinar la productividad futura de las ovejas. El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la influencia del peso vivo y las medidas zoométricas de ovejas primalas Blackbelly x Pelibuey al inicio del apareamiento sobre su eficiencia productiva y reproductiva en sus dos primeros ciclos productivos. Se utilizaron los registros productivos y reproductivos de 26 ovejas alimentadas con base en el pastoreo y una complementación alimenticia. El factor de estudio fue la categoría de peso vivo de ovejas primalas (ligeras, 20.3 kg; 59 % del peso vivo de ovejas multíparas; n = 13 y medianas 24.3 kg; 70 % del peso vivo de ovejas multíparas; n = 13). Las variables respuesta fueron: peso vivo, ganancia diaria de peso, número de corderos y peso de la camada (al nacimiento y al destete); parámetros reproductivos relacionados con la concepción, duración de gestación y el parto y total de kilogramos de cordero al destete e ingresos brutos (MEX $) por la venta del total de kilogramos de cordero al destete en los dos primeros ciclos productivos. La categoría de peso vivo de las ovejas afectó el cambio de peso vivo y la ganancia diaria de peso durante el empadre (P < 0.05), así como el peso de la camada al destete durante la primera lactancia y los intervalos entre el empadre y primer estro, el empadre y la concepción, primer parto a la concepción, y entre el primero y segundo parto (P < 0.05). Durante el segundo ciclo productivo la eficiencia productiva de las ovejas no fue afectada por la categoría de peso vivo (P > 0.05). Sin embargo, las ovejas medianas fueron superiores a las ovejas ligeras en el total de kilogramos de cordero al destete durante los dos primeros ciclos productivos. La categoría de peso vivo con la que inician su primer empadre las ovejas afectó el comportamiento reproductivo y productivo durante el primer empadre y primer ciclo productivo. La eficiencia productiva de las ovejas no fue afectada por la categoría de peso vivo durante el segundo ciclo productivo. Un mayor peso vivo y talla corporal en las ovejas permitió un menor número de días para manifestar el estro y lograr la concepción en el primer empadre, así mismo, favoreció la producción de camadas al destete con mayor peso en la primera lactancia, pero no en la segunda. Sin embargo, el total de kilogramos de cordero al destete durante los dos primeros ciclos productivos fue mayor en las ovejas medianas con respecto a las ligeras.
Uso del modelo lineal generalizado para el pronóstico del número de visitas a museos en México: comparación entre regresión lineal ordinaria y regresión de Poisson
Authors: Guzmán Chávez Ana Dinora , Guerrero González Fernando , Vargas Rodríguez Everardo
Published: July 2022

Es de gran interés para los establecimientos, que ofrecen un producto o servicio, por ejemplo los museos, conocer la cantidad de posibles visitas en función de otras variables que los clientes realizarán en un periodo de tiempo específico. Esto con la finalidad de evaluar el grado de demanda que se tiene y al mismo tiempo, evaluar si las estrategias de difusión están funcionando o de lo contrario, tomar decisiones más acertadas para mejorar la calidad de atención y satisfacción con los visitantes. Para implementar el modelo lineal generalizado para estimar el número de visitas anuales a museos en territorio mexicano, en función de variables predictoras se utilizó una base de datos de 110 museos tomados del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) de los años 2017 y 2018. Los modelos empleados fueron la regresión lineal ordinaria (RLO) y la regresión de Poisson (RP) y estos se aplicaron sobre todas las componentes principales de once variables predictoras (página web, capacidad de recepción y atención, temática principal, colección permanente, titularidad, entrada, cuota adulto, descuentos, tipo de visitas, días abiertos del año y exposiciones temporales) para contrarrestar la multiconlinealidad. Además, se midió el coeficiente de determinación (R2) entre los datos observados y estimados para determinar el modelo con el mejor ajuste. Las funciones se usaron para estimar el número de visitas de los años 2019 y 2020. Con el modelo que mejor ajuste dio, se realizó un análisis de errores de estimación. Comparando los datos observados de los años 2017 y 2018 con los resultados estimados con las funciones características de cada modelo, los coeficientes de determinación fueron 0.61 para la RLO y 0.86 para la RP, respectivamente. Para los años 2019 y 2020, los coeficientes de determinación que se obtuvieron fueron: 0.68 y 0.31 para la RLO, y 0.87 y 0.84 para la RP, respectivamente. El máximo error de estimación que se registró fue de entre 10 001 y 20 000 visitas anuales. Se muestra que el modelo más adecuado para el pronóstico de futuras visitas anuales a cualquier museo en México es la regresión de Poisson. Se cree que el alto ajuste a los datos observados con este modelo se debe a que estos no contaban con un exceso de ceros y además cumplían con el supuesto de equidispersión. Finalmente, con la función característica propuesta, se puede estimar el número de visitas anuales con un error máximo del alrededor del 10 %, lo cual es bajo en comparación al número máximo de visitas anuales que recibe un museo.
Effect of endomycorrhiza (Glomus intrarradices) and organic matter on the growth of cactus pear (Opuntia albicarpa) in two soil types
Authors: Gardezi Abdul Khalil , Márquez Berber Sergio Roberto , Flores Magdaleno Héctor , Flores-Gallardo Hilario , Santoyo de la Cruz Mario Francisco , López Buenfil José Abel , Ortega Escobar Héctor Manuel , García Martínez Héctor , Escalona Maurice Miguel Jorge , Meraz Maldonado Nora , Larque Saavedra Mario Ulises , Haro Aguilar Gabriel
Published: July 2022

Most of the farmers who grow cactus pear (Opuntia albicarpa) use manure as a fertilizer. This practice increases the problems of pests. The use of endomycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices) is almost unknown to farmers. Therefore, the objective of this research was to study the effect of the application with organic matter (OM) and inoculation with endomycorrhiza in cactus pear.

The study was conducted under greenhouse conditions at the Montecillo Campus of the Postgraduate College, Mexico. Two types of soil from San Luis Potosí, Mexico were used, one of reddish coloration (xerosol) and another gray (lithosol).

The results show that there were significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in all the variables by the inoculation with endomycorrhiza, and in the majority of those by the application of OM. Both the mycorrhiza and the application of OM, as vermicompost, promoted a greater growth of the stem and the root. The types of soils used did not affect the growth of the plants.

The mycorrhiza can be useful to improve mineral nutrition, and thus increase yields in the cactus pear plantations. In addition, these fungi can increase yields, and help reduce production costs. The application of 50 t ha-1 of vermicompost is a better alternative to add nutrients and OM to this crop.
Optimal allocation of regional water resources in an arid basin: insights from Integrated Water Resources Management
Authors: Banadkooki Fatemeh Barzegari , Xiao Yong , Malekinezhad Hossein , Hosseini Mohammad Mehdi
Published: July 2022

Viewing water management as a multifaceted issue is critical to achieving sustainable water management. This paper proposes an integrated optimal allocation model for aquifer sustainability and environmental benefits when managing conjunctive water resources. Optimization techniques such as genetic algorithm (GA) and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) are used to balance economic benefit and demand management based on decision makers’ preferences. The findings indicate that less water was allocated to industries with high water demand. The value of the allocated water to these industries is between 34 and 52%. Thus, it concluded that specific industries are unsustainable when environmental damage is considered. From the scenarios examined, scenario 10 (water resource conditions and water demands are determined based on existing conditions, considering domestic water management and aquifer restoration) was found to be the optimal water management scenario. The indicators of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) for this scenario are 0.30, 0.15, 190, 40.9, and 0.55 for relative water stress, aquifer sustainability, aquifer attenuation period, aquifer recovery potential, and agricultural water productivity, respectively. This finding implies that considering demand management, wastewater treatment, and the absence of industrial development in development scenarios, it will be possible to conserve aquifers and meet water demands.
Enhanced adsorption performance of sulfamethoxazole and tetracycline in aqueous solutions by MgFe2O4-magnetic biochar
Authors: Deng Yu , Wang Min , Yang Yunpeng , Li Xiaodong , Chen Wenqing , Ao Tianqi
Published: July 2022

Biochar has been reported as an excellent adsorbent for antibiotics, but the application faces the challenges of complicated separation. Here, MgFe2O4-magnetic biochars (MBCs) derived from corncob were synthesized at 300 °C to remove sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and tetracycline (TC) simultaneously. The characteristics of MBC300 had a high magnetic intensity. MBC300 had the maximum adsorption capacity of SMX with 50.75 mg/g and the high adsorption amount of TC with 120.36 mg/g respectively, which were 4.49 and 6.48 times those of BC300. MBC300 had the advantage of energy conservation compared with MBC450 and MBC600. The better fitting kinetics and isotherms indicated that the SMX and TC sorption onto MBC300 were governed by chemisorption. FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed that the SMX sorption onto MBC300 was dominated by polar interactions and π-π electron donor-acceptor interactions (π-π EDA). Furthermore, the TC sorption was involved in pore filling, π-π EDA, H-bonds, and surface complexation. MBC300 presented effective adsorption of SMX and TC over a wide range of pH. The competition between antibiotics and coexisting pollutants of dissolved organic matter (DOM), Ca2+, CO32−, and PO43− significantly inhibited the sorption. The results indicate that MBC300 is an effective and promising adsorbent to treat SMX and TC simultaneously.
Türkiye İçin Öğretmen Liderliği Lisansüstü Eğitim Programı Önerisi Geliştirme
Authors: BALCI Esergül , DENKCİ AKKAŞ Ferdane
Published: July 2022

Güncel liderlik yaklaşımları, çoğunlukla herhangi bir kurumda hiç kimsenin gerekli bütün liderlik özelliklerini ve davranışlarını tek başına yerine getiremeyeceği ve liderliğin farklı durumlarda ve zamanlarda bilgi ve becerileri doğrultusunda farklı bireylerin katkılarıyla bütüncül olarak yerine getirilebileceği anlayışını vurgulamaktadır. Pek çok ülkede, bahsi geçen anlayışla ortaya çıkan ve yaygın bir şekilde kabul gören öğretmen liderliğine yönelik sertifika programları, öğretmen liderliği/lider öğretmen lisansüstü programları yürütülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ndeki (ABD) öğretmen liderliği programları incelenerek örnek içerik, uygulama ve çalışmaların değerlendirilmesi ve Türkiye’deki tümüyle öğretmen liderliği eksenli açılabilecek lisansüstü programları ile ilgili derslerin, uygulamaların ve eğitimlerinin kazanımlarına ve içeriklerine temel oluşturacak teorik bir çerçeve yaratılması amaçlanmaktadır.
Detecting Ballot Stuff Collusion Attack in Reputation System for Mobile Agents Security
Authors: Mishra Priyanka
Published: July 2022

A Mobile Agent (MA), when dispatched in a decentralized peer-to-peer
(P2P) electronic community, is forced to do a transaction with unfamiliar hosts. Such
unfamiliar hosts are malicious in nature and can tamper agent’s code, state, and data.
To solve integrity, confidentiality, availability, and authenticity threats from hosts, this
paper proposes a soft security approach. Under this approach, a trust-based reputation
model called MRep is proposed. The model considers first-hand information called
Direct Reputation (DR) obtained from trust gathered through Source Host (SH). The
model assumes SH to be a pre-trusted host that possesses past transaction experience
from the destination host. The destination host (DH) is the target host with which the
agent wishes to do a transaction in the future. Indirect Reputation (IDR) is obtained
from recommenders having a past transactional history with the DH. A collusion attack
takes place when these recommenders collaborate to give false recommendations about
DH. Ballot Stuff and Bad Mouth collusion occur when recommenders collude to give a
positive and negative rating to dishonest and honest DH, respectively. The
methodology is based on Similarity Filtering (SF) that uses Euclidean Distance (ED)
and single linkage clustering techniques. ED is calculated between consecutive
recommender’s past recommendation value called ‘F-Score’ and recommendation
value given by SH for DH. Clustering merges recommenders into two clusters. Scatter
plots give two clusters. One cluster contains recommenders that gave an exceptionally
high or low rating to DH while the other cluster gave a rating close to the rating given
by SH. Bernoulli's trial helps to know the effect of collusion on the Final Reputation
(FR) of DH when the number of colluders increases and decreases in the system. The
reputation errors are calculated and statistically verified using Binomial Probability
Distribution. Validation graphs show that when the chance of collusion (p) is less than
0.5, the probability of reputation error p(x) decreases with an increase in the number of
colluders(x). When p is equal to 0.5, p(x) first increases and then decreases with an
increase in x and when p is greater than 0.5, p(x) increases with an increase in the
number of colluders(x). We compare SF with Bayesian Filtering (BF), Outlier Filtering
(OF), and No Filtering (NF) when 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% collusion arises in the
system. The proposed SF approach helps filter ballot stuff colluders. MRep gives less
error in FR of DH, even when 80% collusion arises in the system.