bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three Dimensional Vision Conversion Based on Cloud Computing
Authors: Fan Yu Cheng , Chiang Yi Feng , Lee Ching Min
Published: March 2013

In this paper, we propose a three dimensional vision conversion based on cloud computing. Three dimensional video and image system become an important technology in consumer electronics field in latest decade. There are numerous three dimensional video and image formats for different 3D products. However, the three dimensional vision contents that are manufactured by different standards are difficult to exchange without complete three dimensional vision converters. Therefore, how to perform the three dimensional vision format converters to interchange different kinds of three dimension vision becomes an important research topic in academic and industry. Nevertheless, three dimensional vision processor and converter have high computing complexity. It is hard to perform whole three dimensional vision converter according to all kinds of international standards in client machine and portable device. At the same time, three dimensional visions often require a large number of storage spaces. It is also very difficult to record all kinds of three dimensional visions in local device. The above problem should be solved adopting different concepts. Therefore, we proposed cloud computing concept that establishes a complete three dimensional vision converter in cloud computing server and storage space in three dimensional vision clouds. The customer access the three dimensional vision rely on three dimensional vision cloud. The approach methodology solves the problems of computing complexity and storage space of tradition three dimensional vision converters and storage. The presented intact framework of three dimensional vision converters also provides a solution of related research in this paper.
Proven Security and Efficiency of Gap Diffie-Hellman Group Blind Signature in E-Commerce
Authors: Lu Erl Huei , Chang Henry Ker Chang , Liaw Shu Hwang , Su Pin Chang
Published: March 2013

Recently bilinear pairings have found various applications in cryptosystems. However, a natural open question is to construct a secure and efficient pairing system without the MapToPoint hash function. The new scheme offers a less order of security and efficiency than the existing other signature schemes based on discrete logarithm. Furthermore, our scheme upholds all desirable properties of previous blind signature schemes, and requires general cryptographic hash function instead of MapToPoint hash function that is inefficient and probabilistic. It can apply in more critical systems like e-voting, e-commerce and e-payment systems that need higher security against sophisticated attacks and can preserve participants’ anonymity. The security and efficiency of the proposed method is analyzed and presented. We believe that the proposed idea can be applicable to all other usages for all blind signatures.
Multi-Clouds Framework for Enterprise Application Integration with Intelligent Agents
Authors: Wang Su Hua , Chen Deng Jie
Published: March 2013

Enterprise Application Integration is a new business solution by combining the existing applications. Most enterprises consider data integration is the first and most critical step of integrating information systems within the organization. This research proposes a multi-cloud framework that integrates the enterprise data of various sources through a message brokering mechanism. The major objective of this framework is to provide remote database access and data consistency among enterprise applications through the messaging mechanism base on enterprise data. To analyze the feasibility of the multi-clouds framework for integrating enterprise data, we implemented the proposed architecture and evaluated with simulation data. The simulation results present the completeness and correctness of the data integration process. Through this proposed framework, the enterprise information can integrate in a more efficient and effective way.
L-System Controlled Music Expression through Visual Language Framework
Authors: Lim Chen Kim , Talib Abdullah Zawawi
Published: March 2013

L-System has been very useful in modeling the development of biological plant. It has also been applied to music rendering and the L-systems plant model has also been used to represent musical note. Nonetheless, most of the tools available for L-System modeling require strong backgrounds in programming as well as L-Systems. In this paper, we describe an implementation of a simple and yet useful visual language framework for rapid generation of musical sounds which requires no such backgrounds. The framework is realized by designing and developing a simplified icon-based visual language framework. The system, called Visual Language Music Rendering provides an expressive music environment for L-System music rendering. In the framework, visual language grammar models for L-System music rendering are fed into the system for more effective transformation of plant model to music rendering. The framework also includes using mutated stochastic and context-sensitive L-Systems visually which results in better melody and enhanced musical sounds. In the evaluation, the system was compared with an existing music rendering tool and it was found that Visual Language Music Rendering is the preferred system and individuals who are interested in music rendering can easily use it even though one has no experience in music or L-System.
Computer Assisted Language Learning and Gray Model for Promoting Phonics Learning in Continuing Education
Authors: Liang Hui Yi , Yang Chih Chien
Published: March 2013

This study uses quantitative methods to rate content and teaching on a phonics program delivered by computer assisted language learning (CALL). Data was obtained by Questionnaire and analysed using GM (0,N) model of Grey Theory. Results showed a high effectiveness rating and underlined the value of computer assisted language learning in the continuing education programs in the subject University.
Stress Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Nanocomposites
Authors: Her Shiuh Chuan , Liu Shou Jan
Published: March 2013

Stress transfer in the carbon nanotube reinforced nanocomposites is investigated in this work. The model consists of two concentric cylinders, namely, a single-walled carbon nanotube cylinder (SWCNT) and a matrix cylinder, as the representative volume element (RVE). The stress analysis is performed using the shear lag model for the axisymmetric RVE. Analytical solutions for the axial normal stresses in the SWCNT and matrix, and the interfacial shear stress across the SWCNT/matrix interface are obtained. Numerical results show that using a large volume fraction improves the efficiency of the stress transfer from the matrix to the carbon nanotubes.
An Illustration of Low-Cost and Intuitive Innovation Challenging Long-Standing Industrial Standards and Practices
Authors: Chan Victor K.Y.
Published: March 2013

There exist numerous long-standing industrial standards and practices that manufacturers worldwide almost always take for granted in their product design and daily production whilst at the same time no thought seems to have been given to potential improvements of such standards and practices for decades. Among them are infrared remote control protocols in consumer electronics, such as RC-5, NEC IR protocol etc. and analogous remote keyless system protocols in automobiles. As an illustration, this paper outlines both the technical and practical aspects of a typical low-cost and intuitive concept of innovation (now a patent of the author), based on ergonomics and user-centered design, having the aim of fundamentally enhancing the functionality of these decades-old protocols. This involves extending such one-way protocols to two-way protocols and adding a clock, specific-purpose memory, and an output component to the remote control for handling the current status of the device under control. Despite its low cost, such an enhancement leads to a series of practical advantages like lower power consumption, environmental friendliness, longer battery life and, most importantly, the users’ peace of mind. This illustration also demonstrates how innovation can potentially bring upheaval to long-standing practices that have appeared to be unchangeable in the engineering, manufacturing, and technology industry for decades.
Analysis of Professional Competence Required by the Wind Energy Industry Practitioners
Authors: Zeng Wen Jie , Cheng Ching Shang , Huang Syu Huei , Lin Chin Fu , Chen Pao Chi
Published: March 2013

This article is the study of the professional competence of employees required in the wind energy industry in Taiwan. This will combine a number of research methods, including literature review, Delphi method, IPA analysis to explore the professional capacity of wind power generation projects and connotation of the wind energy industry needs. This paper analyzes the results used as indicators to construct the wind power industry professional, and will be used as the design of the wind power industry practitioners professional competence course. The importance of part of the questionnaire using Likert five-point evaluation index scale [11], divided into very unimportant, unimportant, important, very important, very important to the five levels. The performance of part of the questionnaire, divided into strongly disagree, disagree, agree, agree very much, very much agree with five levels. In this study, the questionnaire survey sent to a written questionnaire of 30 valid questionnaires were collected 27, the effective response rate of 90%. The 39 professional competence items, five items on the C quadrant (the importance of less than 4.0), the remaining 34 (87%) are on the C quadrant (the importance of greater than 4.0). Which is located five professional capacity (13%) in the C quadrant items are green beliefs, it means that domestic subject to government to actively promote the concept of green sustainable.
A Discussion on the Impact of the Integration and Splitting Models on the Operational Efficiency of Medical Centers in Taiwan
Authors: Wei Ching Kuo
Published: March 2013

Integration and splitting are business strategies commonly used by enterprise. This study discusses the impact of the integration and splitting of hospitals from the point of view of efficiency. After using super CCR and context-dependent CCR to assess the performance in various cases, this study finds that the average efficiency of the subsidiary hospitals has been improved after the integration of Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. However, the integration has no significant impact on the efficiency of Chang Gung Memorial hospital itself. Chi Mei Medical Center has improved its efficiency after splitting while the efficiency of Chung Shan Hospital after splitting is worse. Hospital integration should be based on functional complementation, and hospital splitting depends on whether the organizational structure can effectively distribute the current resources to achieve efficient operational performance.
A Study of Design Demand of Applying Quality Function Deployment in Plastic Folding Chairs
Authors: Chen Chun Tung
Published: March 2013

The design of folding chairs has long been focused on the low-price market targeting at mass gathering with high demand. Following the changes in society, a number of public have accustomed to use the folding chairs as household use, whereas the household folding chair with mid to high price range also emerge from the market eventually. The progress in science and technology, plus the continuous enhancement in plastic molding development and the injection molding technology as well as to the diversity in plastic materials, have all driven to the use of plastic folding chair. Nonetheless, the rise of consumer awareness and enhanced demand for product quality from the public have shifted the design of plastic folding chair from general folding chair to the designers perception oriented chairs. Hence, the study applied quality function deployment to establish user demand for plastic folding chairs, inducing the five expectations for plastic folding chair through the procedures in quality function deployment, namely into “aesthetics,” “convenience,” “structural safety,” “comfort,” and “environmental protection.” These five demands are placed into the House of Quality and transformed into the design elements and benchmark. The research results show that the first three projects and weights for customer requirements are sorted in the order of “parts unlikely to fall off (6.8%),” “non-pinching during use (6.7%)” and “ergonomic considerations (6.5%).” Among the parameter characteristics of design, the first three projects and weights are sorted in order of “use sliders or pullers to prevent pinching (10%),” “no screws used (9.4%)” and “holistic design of structure and form (8.5%).” The designers can fully understand customer demand through this transformation and the designers can add the above demand quality into the design of plastic folding chair during the conceptual design, attempt to assure the new product design can solve the existing inconvenience. The study analysis and results can be proposed as specific reference for the relevant design developers in designing plastic folding chairs.
An Enterprise Architecture Approach Based on DoDAF
Authors: Jin Fu Sheng , Zhang Huan , Wang Yong
Published: March 2013

Effective enterprise architecture has a decisive role in the survival and success of the enterprise. It is also an indispensable means for enterprises to gain competitive advantage through IT. By analyzing the existing DoDAF(Department of Defense Architecture Framework) architecture, we tailor some parts of the capability viewpoint and operational viewpoint to make it more suitable for the implementation of small and medium-sized enterprise architecture. At the same time, in order to meet the requirements of business expanding, we add the enterprise viewpoint and the process viewpoint to DoDAF. Finally, we take a typical part of a logistics case as an example to show the specific application process of our method.
Efficiency Improvement for Multi Depot Vehicle Routing: A Case Study in Cash Distribution
Authors: Boonsam Prat , Suthikarnnarunai Nanthi , Rattanawong Wanchai
Published: March 2013

This research is aimed at increasing efficiency of cash distribution from three distribution centers delivered to 377 branches, and 3,699 automatic teller machines by using Cluster First – Route Second technique. New concept of assignment problem with time window is presented in this paper for clustering. A Group Sweep Algorithm which is modified from a traditional Sweep Algorithm combined with a nearest neighbor search is also presented as the routing methodology. Application software has developed using PHP and MySQL. AMPL with CPLEX 10.0 is used to solve the assignment problem and is perfectly embraced underneath the developed application software to allow the user friendly experience. The software allow the flexibility in changing various parameters such as, capacity proportion of each cash distribution center, speed of vehicle, service time at each branch or ATM, time window of each branch or ATM or distribution center, etc. The result shows that 11 vehicle can be reduced resulting in cost reduction in a total amount of US$195,097 annually
Evaluating and Benchmarking Productive Performance of Shipping Companies
Authors: Hung Ching Tsung
Published: March 2013

As the shipping service has become similar standard, to seek for expansion and competitive advantages, the industry would either increase its quality or decrease operating costs. Although it was highly competitive in the industry, as the corporations have become internationalized, many logistics were dependent on the shipping transportation. The purpose of this paper is to analyze efficiency and productivity growth of shipping company in the world for the period 2000–2010. The Malmquist Productivity Indexes was based on the distance functions to decompose the productivity growth into two mutually exclusive components: technical efficiency change and technical change overtime, which measures the change in efficiency frontier shift. From the results, we know that pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency change during the financial crisis is worse.
Optimizing Bi-Objective Imperfect Preventive Maintenance Model for Multi-Component System Using a Proposed Improved PSO Algorithm
Authors: Wang Chung Ho , Tsai Sheng Wang
Published: March 2013

This study aims to establish a bi-objective imperfect preventive maintenance (BOIPM) model in which the total maintenance cost and the mean system reliability are optimized by determining the maintenance periods and maintenance activities simultaneously. To efficiently solve the established BOIPM model, this study proposes an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm. The IPSO extends the practicability of the conventional PSO originally designed to solve an optimization problem with continuous decision variables. Furthermore, time-varying mechanisms associated with search parameters of the PSO are utilized to enhance the particles search capability. An adjustment mechanism addressing the issue of particles falling into the infeasible area is constructed to enhance the exploring ability of the IPSO. A case verifies the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Optimization Technology and Developing of Vascular Stents
Authors: Chen Cheng Shun , Lin Sheng Yao , Chou Nai Kuan
Published: March 2013

Stents have been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and are often placed inside coronary arteries. The manufacture of metal stents is a challenging issue because of the features, like geometry and the material of stents. An improved manufacturing process of stents is presented. The proposed processes consist of the following steps: boring and polishing, laser cutting, vacuum annealing and surface finishing (ultrasonic cleaning, acid pickling, and electrolytic polishing). The precision boring operation is used to obtain the required wall thickness from off-the-shelf seamless tube. The laser cutting is performed to change the shape of the stent, and the finishing operations is selected to modify the surface features, like smoothness and texture of stents. 316LVM stainless steel sample with an outside-diameter of 3 mm, a wall thickness of 0.1 mm, and a length of 25 mm, had been manufactured and demonstrated the proposed manufacture technology. The surface roughness of a stent manufactured is the value of Ra 14.3 nm which basically meets the design requirement for further performance evaluation. It is hoped that the above finding can be used for future study of stents.
Neural Network MIMO Model for Production of Isopropyl Myristate in a Semibatch Reactive Distillation Column
Authors: Ali Bashah Nur Alwani , Othman Mohd Roslee , Aziz Norashid
Published: March 2013

Batch reactive distillation is an integrated unit of batch reactor and distillation. It provides benefits of having higher conversion and yield by continuous removal of side product. The aim of this paper is to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) based model for production of isopropyl myristate in an industrial scaled semibatch reactive distillation. Two cases of the MIMO model were developed. Case 1 does not consider historical data as inputs while case 2 does. The trained ANN for both cases was validated with independent validation data and the best architecture was optimized. Case 1 resulted to 8 inputs, 14 hidden nodes and 2 outputs [8-14-2] ANN while Case 2 resulted to [12-13-2] ANN. The results show that both ANN models have ability to predict the unknown validation and testing data very well. However, the [8-14-2] ANN model produce higher accuracy than [12-13-2] ANN model with MSE of 0.00094 and 0.0013, respectively.
Nanoscale Removal Processing by a Twin-Cylinder Tool
Authors: Pa P.S.
Published: March 2013

A major problem for the implementation of microelectroremoval is the cost and the design of the tool electrode. An effective nanoscale processing for yield improvement was developed using microelectroremoval and a designed twin-cylinder tool as a precision reclamation retrieval system to remove the defective indium tin oxide (ITO) thin-film nanostructures from the optical PET surfaces of digital paper. By establishing a recycling process using the ultra-precise removal of nanostructures, the optoelectronic semiconductor industry can effectively recycle defective products, minimizing both production costs and pollution. In the current experiment, small thickness of the anode, combined with enough electric power and provided a larger discharge space, and better removal effect. A large diameter of the cylinder acthode accompanied by a small gap-width between the cathode and the workpiece, takes less time to do the same amount of ITO removal. A higher rate of removal of the defective ITO nanostructures corresponds to high temperature, a large electrolyte flow rate with a high rotational speed of the electrodes. A faster feed rate of color filters combined with a higher electric current produces a fast removal rate. A small edge angle of the anode also provides higher current density, which is advantageous for ITO removal.
Nanoparticles Composed by Oligochitosan and Polyethylenimine for Gene Delivery
Authors: Liu Chi Hsien , Cheng Mei Shan
Published: March 2013

Cationic carriers including polyethylenimine, liposomes, and chitosan have been used to transfer plasmid DNA in vitro by condensing anionic DNA. Here, oligochitosan (OC) was found to have capacity for in-vitro gene delivery in four cell lines. Plasmid containing green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene was used as a reporter gene. The transfection efficacy and cell viability of the transfection vehicles were analyzed by using a high-throughput image analyzer. We found that DNA polyplexes formed by high dosage of OC could be efficiently delivered into the cells. The combination of OC and polyethylenimine (PEI) were found to significantly enhance the fluorescence protein expression. The introduction of oligochitosan in PEI-mediated transfection could increase the transfection efficacy and could reduce the toxicity of PEI. Additionally, the synergistic effects of PEI and OC were confirmed in CHO, Caco2, Hep-SK, and 3T3 cell lines. The detailed mechanism of PEI and oligochitosan on transfection was investigated by using gel retardation and DNase degradation experiments. A facile and inexpensive construction of gene delivering vehicles was developed herein by using oligochitosan and PEI.
Light Reflectivity of Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes with Pattern-Less or Pattern-Grown Nanotubes
Authors: Chou Yun Hsih , Jan Yih Guang , Yen Liang Yu , Huang Chao Chung , Juan Chuan Ping , Lee Yang Han
Published: March 2013

The light reflectivity of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in the 1150nm - 1755 nm wavelength range with pattern-less and pattern-grown nanotubes are studied. From test measurements it concludes that when the multiwall carbon nanotubes are pattern-grown fabricated its return loss is linearly proportional to the nanotubes grown height and consequently the pattern-grown CNTs can be implemented as a good optical attenuator. However for high density nanotubes fabricated with pattern-less process it has greater than 45 dB return loss, this is equivalent to have less than 0.56% reflectivity; with this high absorption effect it can be utilized as a black body absorber.
An Analysis Method for Deepwater TTR Coupled Vibration of Parameter Vibration and Vortex-Induced Vibration
Authors: Wu Xue Min , Huang Wei Ping
Published: March 2013

The long slender cylinder often suffers the high Reynolds number in ocean environment, and its dynamic characters and vortex shedding modes vary with a number of mechanical, physical and fluid–solid parameters.Considering the vertical vibration, caused by floating platform, of top tensioned riser (TTR), an analysis method for the coupled vibration of parameter excited vibration and vortex-induced vibration is presented in this paper. With the section rotation and shear deformation due to the bending large displacement of TTR, a coupled vibration model of parameter excited vibration and vortex-induced vibration is put forward. And the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a TTR for 1500m water depth is analyzed based on the model. The results show that the vertical vibration caused by floating platform increases transverse vibration displacement of TTR,especially in in-line direction.
Experimental Study of Dual Heater Slider Touchdown Detectability
Authors: Zhao Da Peng , Wei Xiong Fei , Wang Yu , Liu Bin , Chen Sheng Xiang , Xu Zhao Qing
Published: March 2013

With the increase of areal density in hard disk drive (HDD), the mechanical spacing between magnetic head and disk has decreased to sub~1nm. Under such ultra-low spacing, accurate spacing control becomes more important for lowering down the risk of head-disk interference and getting good bit per inch (BPI) performance. Dual-heater slider technology has been considered as a most useful solution. This paper introduces the advantages of dual heater in reading/writing spacing control. Furthermore, as a key issue in precise spacing control, the touchdown detectability of dual-heater slider was also investigated using three TD detection methods under writing and reading mode. Result shows that a single method is difficult to get the best TD detectability under both writing and reading mode. Instead, hybrid method may be a feasible solution.
Maximization of Solar Gains of an Air Collector by Simulations
Authors: Sikula Ondrej , Merka Vit , Hirs Jiri , Plášek Josef
Published: March 2013

The paper deals with numerical simulations of the impact of design, shading, positioning and orientation of a solar air collector an efficiency of exploitation of solar energy. The solar collector is used to preheat of an air, which then is supplied into the building. There are various requirements for solar air collectors. We are focused on maximization of solar energy gain by optimizing geometry, orientation and positioning of a solar air collector. To achieve the desired objective was a combination of two methods used. The firs one is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of flow and heat transfer by convection, conduction and radiation in software ANSYS Fluent. The second one is the numerical simulation of the annual operations of the collector in the software BSim. The result of this work is an optimal design and operation conditions of the air collector.
Measurement of Radius of Curvature by Coordinate Measurement Machine
Authors: Chang Shenq Tsong , Lin Wei Cheng , Huang Ting Ming , Hsu Ming Ying , Huang Po Hsuan
Published: March 2013

Radius of curvature is one of the key parameters of optical components. A variety of methods have been developed for this measurement. This paper describes a novel way, named “CMM spherometry by probe compensation”, to measure the radius of curvature of optical surfaces by coordinate measuring machine (CMM). The measurement combines CMM measurement and iteration calculation scheme is presented. The measurement results of CMM and the trace samples are compared. The effect of temperature compensation is discussed.
Numerical Comparison of Methods for Solving Boundary Layer Problems in Hydrodynamics
Authors: Chang Shih Hsiang
Published: March 2013

This paper presents a numerical comparison between the differential transform method and the modified Adomian decomposition method for solving the boundary layer problems arising in hydrodynamics. The results show that the differential transform method and modified Adomian decomposition method are easier and more reliable to use in solving this type of problem and provides accurate data as compared with those obtained by other numerical methods.
CFD Simulation of the Fused Silica Synthesis Furnace
Authors: Feng Tao , Wang Pei Yong
Published: March 2013

The synthesis process of the fused silica glass uses chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method in a furnace. The synthesis process involves complicated physical-chemical phenomena such as turbulence, combustion, radiation, two-phase flow, and so on. A CFD simulation has been carried out for an industrial furnace and process. The simulation result including temperature and major species concentration then is input to CHEMKIN to calculate the radical equilibrium concentration on the fused silica surface. The trend of the simulated fused silica surface temperature is consistent with the measured refraction index showing that the surface temperature is one of the most important parameters influencing the refractive index uniformity of the fused silica product.
The Application on Gear Fault Detection by Using Fast Time-Frequency Order Spectrum
Authors: Kang Yuan , Wang Chun Chieh
Published: March 2013

The increased instantaneous speed in signal patterns which generated by the mechanical equipment are largely non-stationary. The signal features are averaged in correspondence with the length of analysis time, thus making it impossible to highlight the signal characteristics and caused the difficulties in identifying or diagnosing faults. In this paper, the wavelet order spectrum method using a combination of wavelet transform (WT) and speed frequency ordering. The feature order does not change with variations in speed, thus can effectively identify non-stationary faults in mechanical equipment. In addition, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) is used to extract the main features of the wavelet order spectrum and reduce the volume of data. This is combined with self-organizing maps (SOM) to devise an artificial intelligence method for fault diagnosis in non-stationary states. Lastly, the wavelet order spectrum method is verified by using a gear-rotor test platform that proofs the feasibility for the theory.
The Numerical Simulation of Two-Degrees-of-Freedom Vortex-Induced Vibrations of Circular Cylinder with High Mass-Ratio
Authors: Fan Jie Li , Huang Wei Ping
Published: March 2013

The two-degrees-of-freedom VIV of the circular cylinder with high mass-ratio is numerically simulated with the software ANSYS/CFX. The VIV characteristic is analyzed in the different conditions (Ur=3, 5, 6, 8, 10). When Ur is 5, 6, 8 and 10, the conclusion which is different from the cylinder with low mass-ratio can be obtained. When Ur is 3, the frequency of in-line VIV is twice of that of cross-flow VIV which is equal to the frequency ratio between drag force and lift force, and the in-line amplitude is much smaller than the cross-flow amplitude. The motion trace is the crescent. When Ur is 5 and 6, the frequency ratio between the drag force and lift force is still 2, but the main frequency of in-line VIV is mainly the same as that of cross-flow VIV and the secondary frequency of in-line VIV is equal to the frequency of the drag force. The in-line amplitude is still very small compared with the cross-flow amplitude. When Ur is up to 8 and 10, the frequency of in-line VIV is the same as the main frequency of cross-flow VIV which is close to the inherent frequency of the cylinder and is different from the frequency of drag force or lift force. But the secondary frequency of cross-flow VIV is equal to the frequency of the lift force. The amplitude ratio of the VIV between in-line and cross-flow direction is about 0.5. When Ur is 5, 6, 8 and 10, the motion trace is mainly the oval.
The Study of Dynamic Simulation on Five Axis CNC Machine
Authors: Lee Yi Ming , Hsu Kuei Shu , Chang Shyue Bin
Published: March 2013

The main purpose of this paper is to study the mechanisms of a new computer model of five-axis CNC machine tool developing process, including the kinematics of the spindle for both vertically and horizontally and its build process by simulation. According to the better process, let designer or user understands the characteristics of these particular machine tools. Through the computer simulation and graphic animation, users can observe the relationships of each movement on these new model multi-axis CNC machine tools. During the process of kinematics simulation, the forward and inverse kinematics are discussed and verified by simulation of software ADAMS. A control interface using Matlab is proposed to realize the motion commands and coordinate the kinematics. The simulated prototype demonstrates the feasibility in design through kinematics analysis of the new five axis CNC model in replace of conventional real prototype machine design.
Theoretical Study on Premixed Flames of Nano Aluminum Particles and Water Mixture
Authors: Shin Jun Su , Sung Hong Gye
Published: March 2013

A theoretical model is proposed to investigate premixed combustion characteristics of Nano aluminum particles - water mixture. The effects of particle size, initial pressure, and temperature were considered as well. Computational domain is divided into 3 regions; preheat zone 1, preheat zone 2, and reaction zone. No reaction occurs in either of the preheat zones. Reaction zone, consisting of nano aluminum particles–steam mixture and the combustion products, is the region where reaction and heat-release occurs. Energy conservation is considered separately at each zones. The flame speed and temperature distribution are derived by solving the energy equation in each regime and matching the temperature and heat flux at the interfacial boundaries. Combustion time correlation of nano aluminum particle is also considered to imply complex aluminum combustion kinetics. Normalized flame speed is calculated as a function of pressure, initial particle diameter, and equivalence ratio and compared with experimental data.
Actuation of Adaptive Rearview System for Motorcycles
Authors: Shiao Yao Jung , Nguyen Quang Anh , Hou Chun Fang
Published: March 2013

Conventionally, a motorcycle has headlight and mirrors to provide front illumination and rear views for drivers, respectively. Rearview mirrors on conventional motorcycles are fixed, which is easy to cause instant rear blind area for drivers on turns or hubbly roads. Therefore, the drivers cannot get traffic information behind motorcycles, and easily lead to traffic accidents. In this paper, actuation for an adaptive rearview mirror system for motorcycles was proposed. According to sensor inputs, this system adaptively adjusts the rearview mirrors to compensate the changes of vehicle dynamics in pitching, steering and rolling under different road conditions. A grey predictor was also developed in this paper to estimate the change of vehicle dynamics in advance. With the properly designed actuation, this system can provide wide and appropriate rear views to motorcycle riders. It significantly enhances riders’ safety and reduces the occurrence of traffic accidence.
Analysis of NO Formation in Counterflow Premixed Hydrogen-Air Flame
Authors: Xie Tian Fang , Wang Pei Yong
Published: March 2013

Though hydrogen fuel reduces the carbon dioxide emission, it still produces NOx. However, gaps exist in the fundamental understanding of hydrogen-air combustion and the NO emission; most previous research has focused on the flames burning with mixture such as H2 mixed with CH4, rather than pure H2 flame. Here, a computational study is presented to investigate the effects of stretch rate on NO formation in counter-flow premixed hydrogen-air flame. The simulations of premixed hydrogen flames were performed with OPPDIF code with UCSD chemical mechanism. Results indicate that the NO formation is affected by three factors: radical concentration, flame temperature, and residence time of reactants. The flame temperature, the reaction rate of NO, and the NO emission index all decrease when the stretch rate increases. Moreover, the formation of NO through thermal mechanism, NNH mechanism, and N2O mechanism are discussed, as well as the percentages of their contribution.
Application TRIZ Principles for Design and Manufacturing Coconut Cutting Machine
Authors: Phu Huynh Minh , Huang Shyh Chour
Published: March 2013

This paper talks about the application of TRIZ principles (the Russian acronym for the "Theory of Inventive Problem Solving”) in manufacturing coconut cutting machine with a semi-automatic feeder. This machine is used to cut coconuts for getting water and endosperm inside. By using TRIZ, a prototype of coconut cutting machine which is more efficient and profitable than manual cutting is designed and manufactured. The capacity of the machine is 720 coconuts/hour compared to 500 coconuts/hour by manual cutting. This prototype can also be used for further research into the manufacturing of coconut cutting machine.
Comparative Study on Partial Discharge Characteristic in Polymer-Nanocomposite as Electrical Insulating Material
Authors: Izzati Wan Akmal , Shafanizam Mohd , Arief Yanuar Z. , Makmud Mohamad Zul Hilmey , Adzis Zuraimy , Muhamad Nor Asiah
Published: March 2013

Polymer nanocomposites have been attracting attention among researchers as electrical insulating application from energy storage to power delivery. However, partial discharge has always been a predecessor to major faults and problems in this field. In addition, there are a lot more to explore as the characteristic of partial discharge in nanocomposites is not clearly understood as well as the electrical properties of the nanocomposites. By adding a few amount of weight percentage (wt%) of the nano fillers, the physical, mechanical and electrical properties of polymers can be greatly enhanced. This is due to its amazing characteristic of having large specific area as a consequential from its nano sized particle that could enhance the electrical properties of the insulator. For instance, nano fillers in nanocomposites such as silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3) and titania (TiO2), play big role in providing good approach to increase dielectric breakdown strength and partial discharge resistance of nanocomposites. Such polymer nanocomposites will be reviewed thoroughly in this paper based on previous experimental works and studies. This paper provides reviews from related publications from year 1997 to 2011 including the results of experimental works which have been conducted by the authors with main focus on partial discharge characteristics in polymer nanocomposites, which demonstrates that research and utilization of polymer nanocomposites has well developed from past decades and will possess a high demand in future as electrical insulating material.
Conceptual Design of a Novel Three-Speed Geared Motor
Authors: Wu Yi Chang , Cheng Chia Ho
Published: March 2013

The purpose of this paper is to develop a novel three-speed geared motor that integrates a basic epicyclic-type gear train with an exterior-rotor brushless DC (BLDC) motor to form a compact structural assembly. Unlike existing gear motors, the proposed device provides three speed ratios including an under drive, a direct drive, and an over drive, and is operated with a single clutch-to-clutch shaft. It provides a wider speed range than the traditional geared motor. Such an integrated design can be appropriately employed in high driving torque and low rotational speed applications or high rotational speed and low driving torque applications.
Cone Frustum Part Simulation Performance of Turn-Mill Five-Axis Machine Tool
Authors: Chen Shang Liang , Chang Han Jui , Lee Jeng Nan , Chen Shu Ting
Published: March 2013

The current evaluation of machine tools’ machining performance relies on instruments measurement but not actual/real machining method. However, using instruments measurement evaluation is not only costly but also due to the installation defect of instruments, resulted in performance examination errors. This paper proposed to use titled condition of 10-15 degrees on the base of part’s clamp with VERICUT software to perform simulation for achieving the purpose of examine tools’ machining performance. Findings showed that under the tilted condition of 10-15 degree, turn-mill type of interruptions occurred and unable to proceed. Modification on the cone frustum and anti-cone frustum design was applied to overcome turn-mill interruptions issues. This simulation results showed achievement of turn-mill type tools’ machining performance evaluation with anti-cone frustum design.
Cooling the Hydro-Powered Synergistic Nozzle Light by Water
Authors: Liao Jung Huang , Shaw Dein
Published: March 2013

Since the fairly high temperature in fire scenes combined with the high temperature of LED, the water-cooling is proposed to solve the challenge of the existing thermal problem of the flashlights used by fire fighter. A Nozzle Light is lighten by a portion of the hydropower in the water passing through a fire nozzle is harvested. The water is used to drive a micro-turbine alternator and generate electrical power to light up LED lighting. When the water is discharged from the fire nozzle, we find that the maximum temperature on Nozzle Light is only increased 1.3°C compared to the 24°C of that without water. It shows that water-cooling effect of large-amount of water indeed lower the temperature increment. The LED operated under lower ambient temperature has higher relative luminous flux and longer lifetime. It reduces the firefighting loadings of firefighters and raises their safety.
Design and Analysis of Acoustic Horns for Ultrasonic Machining
Authors: Shu Kuen Ming , Hsieh Wen Hsiang , Yen Hoa Shen
Published: March 2013

The acoustic horn plays a very vital part in high energy ultrasonic machining, and its design is critical to the quality and the efficiency of machining. This paper performs the analysis and design of acoustic horns for ultrasonic machining by employing ANSYS finite element software. Firstly, the theoretical dimensions of the horns are calculated and compared to three commercial available horns with different shapes. Moreover, their natural frequencies and amplitudes are obtained through the simulations of ANSYS. Finally, the numerical results are compared with commercial available horns. The results indicate that not only the natural frequencies of horns designed by theoretical models are more close to the vibration frequencies of ultrasonic generators, but also their amplitudes are superior to commercial available horns. Therefore, the trial and error time, for horn machining and dimensional modification of the horn design, can be greatly reduced by the proposed approach of this work.
Design and Characterization of Precise Laser-Based Autofocusing Microscope with Reduced Geometrical Fluctuations
Authors: Liu Chien Sheng , Lin Yang Cheng , Hu Pin Hao
Published: March 2013

The present study proposes a laser-based microscope system in which a precise autofocusing capability is achieved using a position feedback signal based on the distance L between the geometrical center (Xc, Yc) of the image captured by the CCD sensor and the centroid (xcentroid, ycentroid) of the image. The experimental results show that the proposed system has a positioning accuracy of 2.2 μm given a working range of ±200 μm. The autofocusing performance of the proposed system is thus better than that of a conventional centroid-based system, which typically achieves a positioning accuracy of around 5.2 μm.
Detailed Measurements of End-Wall Heat Transfer Coefficients of Square Pin-Fin Heat Sink for LED Lamp at Forced Convective State
Authors: Jeng Tzer Ming , Tzeng Sheng Chung
Published: March 2013

The device made of fan and pin-fin heat sink should be a powerful heat sink for LED lamp. This study used transient liquid crystal experimentation to measure the end-wall heat transfer coefficient of linearly arrayed square pin array in the rectangular channel, and discussed the influence of axial spacing on heat transfer. The air was used as operating fluid, and the square pin size was 8 mm (d) × 8 mm (d) × 64 mm (Hf), arrayed in a 240 mm (L) × 120 mm (W) × 64 mm (H) rectangular channel. The relative lateral spacing (XT=ST/d) was set as 3, and the relative axial spacing (XL=SL/d=1.88~5) and the Reynolds number (Re=11047~17937) were changed. Considering the end-wall area, the average Nusselt number with square pin was 1.46~2.58 times of that without square pin, and the square pin array of XL= 3.75 had the maximum end-wall heat transfer gain.
Development of Thermoelectric Conversion System for Waste Heat Recovery of Automobile Engine Exhaust Gas
Authors: Jeng Tzer Ming , Tzeng Sheng Chung
Published: March 2013

In the viewpoint of energy reutilization, this study combined high efficiency heat transfer with thermoelectric conversion technology to construct an efficiency testing platform for the waste heat recovering thermoelectric conversion system for real vehicles. A Toyota 2200c.c. vehicle with four-cylinder four-cycle engine was used for vehicle test to discuss the influence of the vehicle's engine speed and external cooling air flow on the energy output of the waste heat recovering thermoelectric conversion system. This study found that the energy output increases with the engine speed. However, if the engine speed is too high (exceeding 2500rpm), the thermoelectric generator can be overheated and damaged, which should be avoided. In addition, there is an optimal external cooling air flow generating the maximum energy output. The optimal external cooling air flow is 0.04 m3/sec in this study. At present, the 6 thermoelectric generator modules connected in series have the maximum electric power (P) output about 16W when the blowing air flow is 0.04 m3/sec and the engine speed is 2500 rpm.
Dynamic Analysis of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Tseng Jung Ge , Hsiao Der Ren , Huang Bo Wun
Published: March 2013

Hydrogen energy fuel cell is one of the clean/green energy solutions for the environmental pollution, global warming, and petroleum energy shortage. This study investigates the dynamic characteristic of the green hydrogen energy fuel cell: Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC). PEMFC has been adopted to be the power supplier of the vehicle, small train, etc. A lot of researchers aim on pure electrical property analysis. However, to put PEMFC power system on the road, some mechanical properties of the system should also been examined. In this paper, the dynamic characteristic of a single PEMFC is studied. A single PEMFC (L112×W82×D6 mm) is set up and measured for the time and frequency response. Several fundamental modes are found experimentally which should be avoid during operation period of PEMFC especially in a moving vehicle.
Evaluation of Wall Heat Transfer in Blade Trailing-Edge Cooling Passage
Authors: Yao Yu Feng , Effendy Marwan , Yao Jun
Published: March 2013

Model configurations of turbine blade trailing-edge internal cooling passage with staggered elliptic pin-fins in streamwise and spanwise are adopted for numerical investigation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Grid refinement study is performed at first to identify a baseline mesh, followed by validation study of passage total pressure loss, which gives 2% and 4% discrepancies respectively for two chosen configurations in comparison with experimental measurements. Further investigations are focused on evaluation of wall heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of both pin-fin and end walls, and it is found that CFD predicted pin-fin wall HTC are generally in good agreement with test data for the streamwise staggered elliptic pin-fins, but not the spanwise staggered elliptic pin-fins in which some discrepancies occur. CFD predicted end wall HTC have shown reasonable good agreement for the first three rows, but discrepancies seen in downstream rows are around a factor of 2-3. A ratio of averaged pin-fin and end walls HTC is estimated 1.3-1.5, close to that from a circular pin-fin configuration that has 1.8-2.1. Further study should focus on improving end wall HTC predictions, probably through a conjugate heat transfer model.