bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
USLUGA IZVRŠENjA NOVČANOG POTRAŽIVANjA NA ZARADI LICA LIŠENOG SLOBODE – TEORIJSKA I PRAKTIČNA OPRAVDANOST INSTITUTA
Authors:   University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, Milojević Marija
Published: January 2023

In this paper, the author analyzes the justification of the introduction of the execution of a monetary claim on the earnings of a person deprived of liberty in the Serbian legislation. The subject of the work is divided into three parts. In the first part, the possibility of compensating the injured person from convict’s labor earnings is analyzed, which is necessary for three reasons: in order to comply with the principle of restorative justice, the principle of compensation for damages and international standards regarding the rights of persons injured by a criminal act. The second part examines the possibility of settlement from the prisoner's earnings when it is not about the compensation for the victim but about the monetary claim of other persons. The realization of the principle of compensation for damages is given here as a reason for justification. In the end, the author gives a special review of what effect the execution on the earnings of a person deprived of liberty could have on the rehabilitation of the convict, the fulfillment of the purpose of labor treatment and the guaranteed rights of persons deprived of liberty. In this regard, it is recommended that the execution of compensation on convict’s labor earning has certain limitations.
Implementación de una técnica para el aprovechamiento de los alcaloides de Tarwi y posterior complexión de metales pesados
Authors: Haro Barroso Camilo Pavel
Published: January 2023

Se determinan las condiciones apropiadas para formar complejos con los alcaloides del desamargado de Tarwi y metales pesados presentes en aguas residuales. Se utilizaron para ello soluciones estándares de metales pesados y aguas de desamargado de Tarwi con diferentes concentraciones de alcaloide, además de técnicas volumétricas, potenciométricas y espectrofotométricas para la obtención de datos y construcción de diseños experimentales multifactoriales, tanto para el Cadmio, Plomo y Cromo, utilizados en el presente estudio. Los resultados obtenidos indican que a una concentración de 4,59 mg/ml de alcaloide y a pH 4 precipita Cadmio; a una concentración de 1,24 mg/ml de alcaloide y a pH entre 3 y 4,5 precipita Plomo; y a una concentración de 4,59 mg/ml de alcaloide y a pH 8 precipita Cromo, reduciéndose los niveles de Cromo, Cadmio y Plomo en un 76, 85 y 91 % respectivamente. Las condiciones obtenidas son aplicadas a una muestra de agua de formación de petróleo, reduciéndose el Plomo en un 17%, demostrándose que los alcaloides precipitan metales pesados, además de que existen interferencias que dificultan el tratamiento de metales en la muestra de agua de formación.
Uso del aula virtual y desarrollo de competencias digitales en estudiantes: Caso Perú
Authors: Dávila Morán Roberto Carlos , López Gómez Henri Emmanuel
Published: January 2023

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación entre el uso del aula virtual y el desarrollo de competencias digitales en estudiantes de una universidad peruana. La investigación se desarrolló bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental correlacional, de tipo básica; la muestra estuvo constituida por 412 estudiantes de la Facultad de Ingeniería y la Facultad de Negocios de la Universidad Privada del Norte, Perú. La técnica de recolección de información fue la encuesta y el instrumento el cuestionario. Los resultados indican que el uso de aulas virtuales obtuvo una frecuencia moderada con el 42%, mientras que las competencias digitales lograron un desarrollo en proceso con el 40%. Se concluye que existe relación directa moderada entre el uso de las aulas virtuales y el desarrollo de competencias digitales en estudiantes de una universidad peruana, demostrada con el Rho = ,528 y p-valor = 0.000 < 0.05.
The vergence of technology and innovation in modern complex space
Authors: Kharchenko Julia , Kharchenko Sergej , Klochek Lilia , Kluenko Eduard , Rusul Oleg
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study is to conceptualize the phenomenon of vergence of technologies and innovationsin the context of building a society as a complex system by modernizing the innovation environment. To achieve the goal, general scientific and special-scientific methods of cognition were used, in particular, dialectical, formal-logical, analysis and synthesis, system-structural. Thekey methodological principles,spatial-topological and ontological, were presented.It is confirmed that the concept of "vergence" is the state of systems at the point of intersection of divergent and convergent processes, aswell as their balancing. Vergence as a method of creative thinking was used in this study primarily to solve problems and tasks related to the synchronism of various contradictory processes (reconciles the processes of "scattering", "acceleration" and "gathering", "braking"). The value of this approach was in finding multiple solutions to ambiguous problems. The results of the study confirmed that the vergent interaction of technologies and innovations, the merging of funds and resources that contribute tothe modernization of the innovation space, their analysis and synchronism, excluded the position of rest in the social system and, on the contrary, gave rise to a situation of accelerated but controlled dynamism.
Re-Conceptualising Youth: Theoretical Overview
Authors: Galstyan Marina
Published: January 2023

There are a bulk of definitions and even controversial claims about the "youth" concept.  The origins of the concept date back to early Medieval Times, when youth was associated with self-sufficiency and the ability to take responsibility for others (Jones, G., 2009). Since the 17th century, the ideas of childhood and youth have been associated with dependency. Later on, youth has been perceived as a transitional phase of the human life. Though each of the approaches characterizes a specific aspect of young people's life, taken separately, it does not allow to gain a holistic sense of the concept. To get a comprehensive understanding of the concept, it is necessary to formulate an integrated approach to the youth by analysing existing definitions through the sociological and youth studies perspectives. Thus, the article covers the twofold objectives: 1) a comparative theoretical analysis of contemporary approaches to the “youth” notion; 2) the development of an analytical tool to overcome paradoxes among different approaches to defining and conceptualizing the “youth”.
Gender Inequality and Poverty in Armenia: A Multidimensional Approach
Authors: Shahnazaryan Gohar
Published: January 2023

A gender perspective highlights that poverty affects women and girls disproportionally due to gender biases, unequal division of power in society and social expectations from the roles of men and women. Starting from the 1980s, feminist researchers had begun to raise the issue of the feminization of poverty, and stressed the importance of the intersectionality between not only poverty and gender, but also poverty, gender, ethnicity, age, marital status, etc. Multidimensional analyses of poverty can become the most appropriate methodological approach to understand interconnections between gender and poverty. In order to reveal the whole spectrum of impacts of poverty on different social groups, a multidimensional analysis focuses on 1) opportunities and choices; 2) resources; 3) power and voice; 4) human security. In the article, poverty among men and women in Armenia is presented and recommendations to mitigate poverty among various women's groups are presented.
Penerapan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) dan SWARA dalam Pendukung Keputusan Pemilihan Penerimaan Karyawan Apoteker
Authors: Salmon Salmon , Arfyanti Ita
Published: January 2023

Drugs are the most important needs in alleviating and overcoming complaints of illness suffered by patients, a patient will certainly go to the nearest drug store or pharmacy to ask for advice in drug selection to a pharmacist, as a pharmacy or drug store Of course, it is very dangerous to choose a pharmacist without proper knowledge and insight into medicines. Failure to choose a pharmacist will result in losses to the company or pharmacy as well as patient safety, so an expert understanding is needed to determine the standards of a pharmacist to be trusted, selecting employees using a decision support system is the right step to reduce the risk that will occur. in the future. The decision support system in this study uses the SWARA method in determining the weight of the criteria based on expert opinion and the Simple Additive weigh (SAW) method as a ranking method based on the highest value. The results of this study selected alternative A4 on behalf of Tika which has a value of 95% as the alternative that most meets the standards
Analisis Sentimen Opini Masyarakat Terhadap Vaksinasi Booster COVID-19 Dengan Perbandingan Metode Naive Bayes, Decision Tree dan SVM
Authors: Aldisa Rima Tamara , Maulana Pandu
Published: January 2023

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is very broad, especially in Indonesia. In early 2022, Indonesia entered the early stages of recovering conditions caused by the pandemic. The government has an option for the community to carry out a third dose of vaccination (booster). However, there are a number of pros and cons in the community regarding the booster vaccine. This study aims to conduct sentiment analysis related to public opinion on the COVID-19 booster vaccination in Indonesia with Naive Bayes model. The data source used comes from Twitter. The workflow of this research includes data crawling, labeling, preprocessing, dataset sharing, and model testing and comparison with other models, namely Decision Tree and SVM. The results of this study indicate that the largest AUC score falls to the SVM model (75.40%), but for more accurate precision falls to the Naive Bayes model (83.81%). In addition, there is a confusion matrix which shows that the Naive Bayes model trial is running well.
Telkom University News Topic Modeling Using Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) Method on Online News Portal
Authors: Amala Ihsan Ahsanu , Richasdy Donni , Purbolaksono Mahendra Dwifebri
Published: January 2023

In this day and age, the development of online news portals regarding news is quite easy to access, online news portals are information that explains an event that has occurred or is happening with electronic media intermediaries, as well as news about Telkom University which is quite easily accessible through online news portals. A system has been designed that is capable of modeling Telkom University news topics. Modeling news topics is very interesting to be used as research material because the process of understanding each individual on the topics contained in the news is different, therefore topic modeling is needed to find out what topics are news about Telkom University. In this study, a Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) model has been designed to carry out a topic modeling process that aims to make it easier for readers to understand news topics related to Telkom University, Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) is a mathematical method in finding hidden topics by analyzing the structure semantics of the text. After doing several research scenarios, the best coherence score was 0.524 with a total of six topics.
Klasifikasi Citra Jenis Tanaman Jamur Layak Konsumsi Menggunakan Algoritma Multiclass Support Vector Machine
Authors: Chusna Nuke L. , Shalahudin Mohammad Imam , Riyanto Umbar , Alexander Allan Desi
Published: January 2023

Mushrooms are plants that have high nutritional content and have various benefits for the health of the human body. However, not everyone knows the types of mushrooms that are suitable for consumption. The types of mushrooms have their own characteristics when viewed from the image. For this reason, a system is needed by utilizing digital image processing to classify types of mushrooms suitable for consumption, so that people can find out which types of mushrooms are suitable for consumption. This research is to classify types of mushrooms suitable for consumption using the Multiclass SVM algorithm with first-order feature extraction, which performs feature extraction based on the characteristics of the image histogram. The result of feature extraction is used as input for classification in Multiclass SVM. Multiclass SVM can map data points to dimensionless space to obtain hyperplane linear separation between each class. The developed method is implemented in Matlab, in order to produce a system in the form of a GUI so that it can be used by general users easily. Based on the test results, the average accuracy is 83%.
Sistem Bilik Steril Dengan Perangkat Mist Maker Dan Arduino Uno Menggunakan Metode Sekuensial Linier
Authors: Zakaria Hadi , Febiyanto Dedy , Rosyani Perani
Published: January 2023

Lintas Era Digital is a company engaged in the business of Technology Development as a School Vendor to work on various difficulties in schools within the scope of information technology such as Websites, Computer Based Test (CBT) Applications, Learning Management System (LMS) Applications and Electronic Cases, CCTV, Computers, laptops and procurement of tools for the prevention of Covid-19 that use electronic elements. The problem that is being faced by this company and from some current clients is the Covid-19 prevention tool that is still not in accordance with health protocols, there are still many shortcomings that are currently being faced, one of which is the Sterilization System using sterile booths automatically using a microcontroller. To overcome the problems above, it can be used a tool in the form of a microcontroller using several sensors such as a PIR Sensor (Passive Infrared Sensor) and using a Mist Maker tool (condensing device). The goal is to facilitate the performance of sterilization. In this study the author uses the C programming language.With a sterilization system using this microcontroller, it can help the community to find it easy to carry out health protocols. To be able to run this microcontroller, the author makes settings for the tool so that people can directly use the tool.
Prediction Map of Rainfall Classification Using Random Forest and Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW)
Authors: M. Noor Ibnu Muzakky , Prasetyowati Sri Suryani , Sibaroni Yuliant
Published: January 2023

The amount of rainfall that occurs can affect natural disasters and even food production to economic activities. the factor of the area where the rain occurs is one of the main parameters for how the change occurs. So, it is necessary to have a rainfall prediction approach that aims to find out when and what type of rain will occur. Spatial classification and interpolation are two methods used to make predictions. Random Forest is a classification method that can be used to predict rainfall. and Inverse Distance Weighted is one of the stochastic interpolation techniques to calculate the estimated rainfall from the data points of rainfall that occur so that the distribution can be visualized. In the implementation of random forest, the model that is built on a daily basis gets the best level of accuracy in the 5D model sub model C with an accuracy of 0.8238 while the monthly model gets the best level of accuracy in the sub-model B 4M 0.9362. and the results of predictions and mapping using IDW show that daily predictions from June 1-4 2022 show that Most of Java Island will experience light rain, June 5-7 2022 most of Java Island will experience sunny cloudy days. And for monthly predictions, August and June 2022 show the distribution of monthly rainfall with predictions that most of Java is cloudy, while May, July, October, September have light rainfall in most of Java
Implementation of Trend Moment Method in Forecasting Regional Income
Authors: Sutrisman Sutrisman , Syafwan Havid , Rohminatin Rohminatin
Published: January 2023

In order to carry out the functions and authorities of local governments in the form of implementing fiscal authority, regions must be able to recognize potential and identify the resources they have. Forecasting is an art and science in predicting future events. The Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of Asahan Regency does not yet know the Regional Revenue in the upcoming period & is not yet available a system that can calculate Regional Revenue for the upcoming period. The main purpose of this research is to know the prediction of Regional Income in the following year. The system created helps in determining Regional Revenue in 2022, with data used from 2011 – 2021. The Trend Moment method is a method that uses certain statistical and mathematical calculation methods to find out the function of a straight line instead of a broken line formed by the company's historical data. In choosing the forecast method, accuracy is needed to minimize errors in forecasting (forecast error), the goal is that the forecast can approach reality. Based on the results of system testing, this Regional Revenue Forecasting predicts regional revenue in 2022, which is IDR 136,847,395,228.82 and the result of the percentage of errors (MAPE) Mean Absolute Percentage Error of 0.12%.
Sistem Pakar Dalam Penentuan Mustahiq Zakat Menggunakan Dempster Shafer
Authors: Setiawan Feri , Lubis Ahmadi Irmansyah
Published: January 2023

Zakat is one of the obligations for a Muslim and is one of the five pillars of Islam. In the zakat system, it consists of two elements, namely Mustahiq (who has the right to receive zakat) and Muzakki (who has the right to pay zakat). Based on interviews conducted by the author with the Amil Zakat Infaq Shadaqoh Muhammadiyah Institute (LAZISMU) Sunggal District, Deli Serdang Regency, lies are often found because the system used is still manual in identifying the eligibility of zakat mustahiq, most of which are falsification of income data and data that have received assistance. This causes the distribution of zakat to be uneven. This study builds a system that can provide knowledge to the public, especially Muslims, about mustahiq zakat and its criteria. In the study, the development of an intelligent system that is able to identify mustahiq zakat which is computed into an Android-based application which will then be used globally by the community to identify whether a person is included or not included as mustahiq zakat. As for building the application in this study, the Dempster Shafer method based on the Expert System is used in order to produce an output that can be right on target in accordance with the expected target. The results of the study used 11 criteria, 8 asnaf and 12 rule based. The results obtained from the system testing carried out can be said that the system that has been built is able to assist in the process of systematically identifying zakat mustahiq with the expected system output
Implementasi Algoritma Resilient untuk Prediksi Potensi Produksi Bawang Merah di Indonesia
Authors: Nurhayati Nurhayati , Sibuea Mhd. Buhari , Kusbiantoro Dedi , Silaban Martina , Wanto Anjar
Published: January 2023

Shallots are seasonal horticultural crops with high economic value. They are one of the horticultural commodities prioritized by the Director General of Horticulture and the Ministry of Agriculture in their development and handling. Therefore, it is necessary to predict the potential of shallot production in Indonesia so that the government has benchmarks and information in determining the right economic policy so that shallot production can continue to be increased or at least be unstable every year. In this study, the prediction algorithm used is the Resilient algorithm. The research data used are shallot production data obtained from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency. This research will be analyzed using four network architecture models: 6-5-1, 6-10-1, 6-17-1 and 6-29-1. Based on the analysis of the four models used, the results show that the 6-17-1 model is the best because it has a lower Mean Square Error (MSE) value than the other three models, which is 0.0337792, and the accuracy level is quite good. Of 79% with an error rate of 0.04 used. This architectural model will be used to predict the potential for shallot production in Indonesia. Based on the overall prediction results from each province, the potential for Indonesian shallot production at the end of 2022 tends to decrease compared to 2021. The conclusion can be drawn that the application of the Resilient algorithm to the problem of red onion production data in Indonesia is quite good, but the accuracy is not too high, so a more profound study is needed
Implementation of Spatial-Level Augmentation on Pneumonia Classification with Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Saputra Wahyu Andi
Published: January 2023

Pneumonia is a disease with symptoms of difficulty breathing, fever, dry cough, and chest pain. As an indication that a person has COVID-19, it is necessary to immediately identify pneumonia by a doctor whether the lung X-ray image of the patient is classified as pneumonia or not. The importance of early diagnosis can reduce the risk of death in patients. Convolutional Neural Network is one of the fields of study in the realm of Computer Science that can perform image-based object classification. CNN can be used to identify pneumonia based on thorax images based on the features or features displayed on the image. One of the important elements in CNN is the amount of data that can be used for training, validation, and testing. Generally, the more data entered, the more learning material for the CNN system so that the system can classify more accurately. This study aims to measure the accuracy of the CNN model on thoracic-pneumonia images with spatial level augmentation changes. Image augmentation is implemented to increase image variance with initial data of 5856 images. The applied augmentations are Affine, Flip, Pixel Dropout, Random Size Crop, and Shift Scale Rotate. The stages of this research are manually grouping images, implementing augmentation on images, applying training-validation-testing on CNN, and analyzing the output results of the developed system. By using 5 types of augmentation, the dataset used as learning material can be increased up to 5x the original amount. From the research carried out, it was found that the Random-sized Crop type augmentation gave the highest accuracy value of 94.719% or an increase of 3.808% from the non-augmentation testing data. From this research, it is hoped that studies related to augmentation can be a reference regarding the type of augmentation process and its results in finding the CNN accuracy value, especially in the case of pneumonia classification
Sentiment Analysis Based on Aspects Using FastText Feature Expansion and NBSVM Classification Method
Authors: Lestari Sukmawati Dwi , Setiawan Erwin Budi
Published: January 2023

Telkomsel is a service that the people of Indonesia widely use. Complaints from users referring to Telkomsel's service and signal aspects are often made in Twitter tweets with harsh or good language. This is done because users continue to demand to get better service. Therefore, an aspect-based sentiment analysis technique is needed to determine a person's view of each aspect, such as Telkomsel's service and signal aspects. Aspect-based sentiment analysis is a solution to find out the opinions of Telkomsel users based on their aspects. In its implementation, the NBSVM method is used as a classification model that is proven to work well compared to other methods, namely MNB and SVM. The implementation of the expansion of the FastText feature can affect the level of performance model, and the best results are obtained in the Top 1 feature on the signal aspect and Top 5 on the service aspect with a combination of Twitter corpus and news. In this study, the data used is unbalanced and has been handled by applying SMOTE and AdaBoost techniques to the FastText feature expansion model. Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, SMOTE can handle data imbalances compared to AdaBoost. The performance results of the FastText feature expansion model after SMOTE are applied to get F1-Score 91.24% in the signal aspect and F1-Score 88.75% in the service aspect.
Raylı Sistem Elektrifikasyonu Katener Sistemlerinde Pandül Verilerinin Yapay Sinir Ağları ile Tasarlanması
Authors: ULUSKAN Seçkin , ATAM Ali Rıza
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmada, raylı sistemlerde pandül boylarının yapay sinir ağları ile elde edilmesi ele alınmıştır. Demiryolu taşımacılığında elektrifikasyon sistemlerinin önemi çok büyüktür. Pantografın temas ederek enerji aldığı seyir telinin pantografla sürekli temas halinde olmasından dolayı ray üstünden yüksekliğinin her noktada aynı olması sağlanmalıdır. Seyir telini belirlenen yükseklikte sabit tutabilmek için seyir telinin üzerinde aynı hizada giden bir taşıyıcı portör teli tesis edilir ve pandül adı verilen ara bağlantı elemanlarıyla seyir teli portör teline asılır. Pandüllerin, çeşitli değişkenlere göre konumlarının ve boylarının titizlikle belirlenmesi gerekmektedir. Literatürde, pandül verilerinin hesaplanması, modellenmesi ve simülasyonlara dahil edilmesi, diferansiyel denklemler, doğrusal olmayan denklem sistemlerinin çözümü, sonlu elemanlar yöntemi vb. hesaplamalar içermektedir. Pandül hesapları önceleri elle çözülürken, günümüzde bazı firmaların geliştirdiği pahalı yazılımlar ile hesaplanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada özgün bir yaklaşım olarak, pandül verilerinin elde edilebilmesi için daha önceki projelerde uygulanmış olan pandül verileri kullanılarak Matlab® yazılımı ile yapay sinir ağları eğitilmiştir. Böylelikle, test verileri ile yapılan incelemede pandül boylarının otomatik olarak yüksek bir doğruluk seviyesinde hesaplanabildiği gözlenmiştir.
The Natural History and Prognosticative Factors of Adult Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcomas: An Asian Perspective
Authors: Wang Lushun , Tan Mann Hong
Published: January 2023

Introduction: We describe the natural history of Asian adult soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) in the extremities and predict prognosticative factors for local recurrence, metastasis and tumour-related death. Materials and Methods: Between January 1999 and May 2009, 67 adult patients with fi rst presentation STSs of extremity sites underwent surgical treatment at a single institution. The associations between patient demographics and pathological features with local recurrence, metastasis and mortality were studied using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results: The mean age of our patients was 52.4 years with most presentations occurring in the thigh. Majority of Asian STSs were high grade (61.3%) and large tumours with 81.0% being >5 cm. Stages Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIc, III and IV accounted for 6.6%, 6.6%, 26.2%, 11.5%, 3.3%, 42.6% and 3.3% of presentations, respectively. Patients were followed-up for a mean period of 45.9 months. On univariate analysis, high tumour grade and advanced stage (IIc to IV) were predictive of local recurrence and metastasis. Deep lesions were more likely to recur but not metastasise or cause death. Age, sex, size, and margin positivity were not predictive for all end-points. On multivariate testing, only pathological high grade was associated adversely with local recurrence [odds ratio (OR) = 10.0, 95% CI, 1.2 to 84.9, P = 0.035], metastasis (OR = 12.7, 95% CI, 2.46 to 65.2, P = 0.002) and mortality (OR = 16.2, 95% CI, 1.95 to 135.0, P = 0.010). Conclusions: Asian adult extremity soft tissue sarcomas present late and are most commonly found in the thigh. High pathological grade is a consistent independent predictor for local failure, distant spread and tumour-related death. Our results reaffirm the current thinking that tumour biology is of primary importance in determining patient outcomes.

Key words: Extremities, Prognostic factors, Natural history, Outcomes
Effect of Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Biological Healing of Allografts in Critical-sized Tibial Defects Simulated in Adult Rabbits
Authors: Nather Aziz , David Vikram , Teng Janelle WH , Lee Choon Wei , Pereira Barry P
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This study evaluated the effect of autologous bone marrow derived adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) on the biological healing of weight bearing diaphyseal bone allograft in the tibia of adult rabbits. Materials and Methods: Forty Adult New Zealand White Rabbits divided into 3 groups (Autograft, Allograft or Allograft impregnated with MSCs) with 12 rabbits in each group were used for the study. A 1.5 cm of cortical bone segment was excised from the rabbit’s right tibia. The segment was replaced by an Autograft, Allograft or Allograft loaded with MSCs, depending on which group the rabbit was assigned. Internal fixation was performed using a 9-hole Mini-compression Plate and Cerclage Wires. Rabbits were sacrificed at end of observation periods of 12, 16 and 24 weeks. Specimens procured were assessed clinically and radiologically and fixed in 10% buffered formalin. For each specimen, 5 μm undecalcified sections were cut and stained with Von Kossa and Toluidine Blue stains. Histomorphometery was then performed. Results: Our study showed that addition of autologous MSCs to diaphyseal allograft segments enhances and accelerates not just the union at host graft junctions and also the biological incorporation of the allograft segment as shown by Resorption Index, New-Bone Formation Index and Osteocyte Index. Conclusions: The addition of autologous MSCs to deep frozen cortical allograft segments improved the host – allograft union rate and biological incorporation of diaphyseal allografts as shown by resorption activity, new bone formation and
osteocyte cell counts.

Key words: Adult mesenchymal stem cells, Critical-sized tibial defect, Deep frozen allografts
Comparison between Inter-rater Reliability and Inter-rater Agreement in Performance Assessment
Authors: Liao Shih Chieh , Hunt Elizabeth A , Chen Walter
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Over the years, performance assessment (PA) has been widely employed in medical education, Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) being an excellent example. Typically, performance assessment involves multiple raters, and therefore, consistency among the scores provided by the auditors is a precondition to ensure the accuracy of the assessment. Inter-rater agreement and inter-rater reliability are two indices that are used to ensure such scoring consistency. This research primarily examined the relationship between inter-rater agreement and inter-rater reliability. Materials and Methods: This study used 3 sets of simulated data that was based on raters’ evaluation of student performance to examine the relationship between inter-rater agreement and inter-rater reliability. Results: Data set 1 had high inter-rater agreement but low inter-rater reliability, data set 2 had high inter-rater reliability but low inter-rater agreement, and data set 3 had high inter-rater agreement and high inter-rater reliability. Conclusion: Inter-rater agreement and inter-rater reliability can but do not necessarily coexist. The presence of one does not guarantee that of the other. Inter-rater agreement and inter-rater reliability are both important for PA. The former shows stability of scores a student receives from different raters, while the latter shows the consistence of scores across different students from different raters.

Key words: Consistency, Multiple-rater, Psychometrics
A Clinicopathologic Study of Uterine Smooth Muscle Tumours of Uncertain Malignant Potential (STUMP)
Authors: Ng Joseph SY , Han Aaron , Chew Sung Hock , Low Jeffrey
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The clinical management of Smooth Muscle Tumours of Uncertain Malignant Potential (STUMPs) remains controversial because little is known about the natural history of these tumours and pathological classifications do not correlate well with clinical outcomes and therefore cannot direct management. The objective of this study was to review a single institution’s experience with STUMP and recommend a rational clinical approach to the management of patients with this histological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of all diagnoses of STUMP and leiomyosarcoma from the gynaecologic oncology and pathology databases between January 1970 and February 2006. Results: A total of 18 diagnoses of STUMP and 72 diagnoses of Ieiomyosarcoma were made during the study period. None of these 72 cases of leiomyosarcoma had a prior diagnosis of STUMP. There were no recurrences in the 18 cases of STUMP with all 18 cases being registered as disease-free after 5 years. Conclusions: We recommend that patients with a diagnosis of STUMP be expectantly managed given the low likelihood of leiomyosarcomatous transformation, the lack of any evidence that adjuvant treatments result in better long-term outcomes and that recurrences are amenable to surgical resection with good outcomes.

Key Words: Atypical leiomyoma, Clinical management, Leiomyosarcoma, Malignant transformation
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes and Cost Between Surgical and Transcatheter Device Closure of Atrial Septal Defects in Singapore Children
Authors: Quek Swee Chye , Hota Sucharita , Tai Bee Choo , Mujumdar Sandhya , Tok Mei Yin
Published: January 2023

Introduction: With advances in interventional catheterisation, transcatheter device closure of atrial septal defect (ASD) is now a feasible option to open heart surgery, especially in patients with isolated ASD. We aim to compare the outcomes, benefits and costs between device closure versus standard open-heart surgery for ASD in Singapore. Materials and Methods: This is a comparative study between 2 cohorts with isolated secundum ASDs who underwent closure of ASD either by surgery or device, at the Department of Paediatrics, National University Hospital (NUH). The clinical outcomes, complications, length of stay and total costs incurred were compared. Results: Surgical patients were at slightly greater risk of developing complications (RR=1.33; 95% CI, 0.30 to 5.95) than the device group. The median length of inpatient stay for the surgical group was significantly longer than that for the device group. Seventy percent of the patients in the device group did not need to be in ICU while 40% of patients in the surgery group stayed 2 or at least 3 days in ICU (P <0.001). The mean cost per successful procedure was $1511 (95% CI, -352 to 3375) higher for the device group patients despite a shorter length of stay in hospital. Conclusions: We concluded that transcatheter device closure is an effective and safe alternative to surgery in the treatment of suitable ASDs. Despite the high cost of the device, direct and indirect benefits for the patients and their families, who undergo device occlusion include less morbidity, better cosmesis, shorter length of stay in hospital, faster recovery and shorter time taken to resume normal activities.

Key words: Amplatzer, ASD, Cost, Device occlusion, Interventional cardiology
The Influence of Maternal Ethnic Group and Diet on Breast Milk Fatty Acid Composition
Authors: Su Lin Lin , SK Thamarai Chelvi , Lim Su Lin , Chen Yuming , Tan Elizabeth A T , Pai Namratha Narayan , Gong Yin Han , Foo Janie , Rauff Mary , Chong Yap Seng
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Breast milk fatty acids play a major role in infant development. However, no data have compared the breast milk composition of different ethnic groups living in the same environment. We aimed to (i) investigate breast milk fatty acid composition of three ethnic groups in Singapore and (ii) determine dietary fatty acid patterns in these groups and any association with breast milk fatty acid composition. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at a tertiary hospital in Singapore. Healthy pregnant women with the intention to breastfeed were recruited. Diet profile was studied using a standard validated 3-day food diary. Breast milk was collected from mothers at 1 to 2 weeks and 6 to 8 weeks postnatally. Agilent gas chromatograph (6870N) equipped with a mass spectrometer (5975) and an automatic liquid sampler (ALS) system with a split mode was used for analysis. Results: Seventy-two breast milk samples were obtained from 52 subjects. Analysis showed that breast milk ETA (Eicosatetraenoic acid) and ETA:EA (Eicosatrienoic acid) ratio were significantly different among the races (P = 0.031 and P = 0.020), with ETA being the highest among Indians and the lowest among Malays. Docosahexaenoic acid was significantly higher among Chinese compared to Indians and Malays. No difference was demonstrated in n3 and n6 levels in the food diet analysis among the 3 ethnic groups. Conclusions: Differences exist in breast milk fatty acid composition in different ethnic groups in the same region, although no difference was demonstrated in the diet analysis. Factors other than maternal diet may play a role in breast milk fatty acid composition.

Keywords: Breastfeeding, Docosahexaenoic acid, Ethnicity
The Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Flap for Breast Reconstruction: Is this the Ideal Flap for Asian Women?
Authors: Yap Yan Lin , Lim Jane , Yap-Asedillo Catherine , Ong Wei Chen , Cheong Ee Cherk , Naidu Shenthilkumar , Shim Timothy , Yeo Matthew , Leow Margaret P G , Lim Thiam Chye
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the outcome and safety of the deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap for breast reconstruction in a group of Southeast Asian women treated in our unit and to identify risk factors for breast reconstruction using the DIEP flap in this population. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study on 50 consecutive DIEP flap breast reconstructions by a single surgeon in an academic institution between July 1999 and July 2006. Data on patient demographics, diagnosis, procedure type, adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatments, risk factors and complications were prospectively collected and registered in a clinical database. Outcome variables include total flap loss, partial flap loss, fat necrosis and minor complications related to the donor site or flap. Known risk factors are analysed to determine if they affect outcome in terms of complication rate in this group of patients. Results: Total flap loss, partial flap loss and fat necrosis complication rates were 6%, 4% and 10%, respectively. Flap complication rates were comparable to those quoted by previous studies done worldwide. Obesity (BMI >27) is a statistically significant factor associated with development of DIEP flap complications in our population. Conclusion: Breast reconstruction with DIEP flap is a safe and reliable method when used in Southeast Asian women, offering optimal results with less donor-site morbidity. Obesity increases the incidence of flap complication in this group of patients.

Keywords: Abdominal-based free flap, Complication, Microsurgery, Post-mastectomy reconstruction
Botulinum Toxin A for Idiopathic Detrusor Overactivity
Authors: Lie Kwok Ying , Wong Michael Y C , Ng Lay Guat
Published: January 2023

Introduction: This prospective study aims to evaluate botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A, Botox®) as a treatment for idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO) for patients with symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB). Materials and Methods: Nineteen patients with IDO were treated with intradetrusal injection of 200 units of BTX-A under cystoscopic guidance. There were 10 males and 9 females, with a mean age of 60 years (range, 38 to 87). Subjective responses were measured using the International Prostate Symptom Score and quality of life (QOL) score, as well as incontinent episodes, functional capacity and voiding intervals obtained from the voiding diary. They were recorded prior to, and at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 9 months after BTX-A injections. Urodynamic studies were performed between 6 weeks to 3 months post-treatment. Results: There was statistically significant improvement in subjective parameters at 3 months post-treatment involving QOL (P = 0.002), incontinence episodes (P = 0.004), functional capacity (P = 0.01) and voiding interval (P <0.001). Reflex volume was significantly increased (P= 0.003), and maximal detrusal pressure (P = 0.001) as well as leak volume (P = 0.013) were significantly decreased during follow-up. Results of a gender-based subgroup analysis reveal that BTX-A may be more efficacious in females. Observed side effects included a patient who needed to perform CISC for about 3 months, a patient who had gross haematuria needed bladder washout and 3 patients who required treatments for urinary tract infection. Conclusion: Overall BTX-A, which is well received by most patients, has become a very important part of the armamentarium for the treatment of IDO.

Key words: Botox®, Idiopathic detrusor overactivity, Overactive bladder, Urodynamics
Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases – Understanding the Differences in the Management of Synchronous and Metachronous Disease
Authors: Tan Ek Khoon , Ooi London L P J
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Metastatic disease to the liver in colorectal cancer is a common entity that may present synchronously or metachronously. While increasing surgical experience has improved survival outcomes, some evidence suggest that synchronous lesions should be managed differently. This review aims to update current literature on differences between the outcomes and management of synchronous and metachronous disease. Materials and Methods: Systematic review of MEDLINE database up till November 2008. Results: Discrete differences in tumour biology have been identified in separate studies. Twenty-one articles comparing outcomes were reviewed. Definitions of metachronicity varied from anytime after primary tumour evaluation to 1 year after surgery for primary tumour. Most studies reported that synchronous lesions were associated with poorer survival rates (8% to 16% reduction over 5 years). Sixteen articles comparing combined vs staged resections for synchronous tumour showed comparable morbidity and mortality. Benefits over staged resections included shorter hospital stays and earlier initiation of chemotherapy. Suitability for combined resection depended on patient age and constitution, primary tumour characteristics, size and the number of liver metastases, and the extent of liver involvement. Conclusions: Surgery remains the only treatment option that offers a chance of long-term survival for patients amenable to curative resection. Synchronicity suggests more aggressive disease although a unifying theory for biological differences explaining the disparity in tumour behaviour has not been found. Combined resection of primary tumour and synchronous metastases is a viable option pending careful patient selection and institutional experience. Given the current evidence, management of synchronous and metachronous colorectal liver metastases needs to be individualised to the needs of each patient.

Key words: Colorectal neoplasms, Liver neoplasms, Neoplasm metastasis, Synchronous Cancer, Metachronous cancer
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Peritoneal Metastases: Report of Three Cases and Collective Review of the Literature
Authors: Ding Jesslyn H , Chua Terence C , Al-Mohaimeed Khalid , Morris David L
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Patients with peritoneal metastases (PM) from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often experience a rapid demise even after a complete removal of intrahepatic tumour. Localised PM may now be adequately controlled and managed with cytoreductive surgery (CRS). Treatment: Three patients underwent CRS for HCC PM. Outcome: The first patient survived 21 months from the time of CRS and is alive with the disease. The second patient died 4 months after CRS. The third patient survived 10 months since CRS and is also alive with the disease. Collectively, the survival of 24 patients with HCC PM extracted through a collective literature review who were treated with cytoreductive surgery had 1- and 2-year survival percentages of 83% and 71%, respectively. Conclusion: Careful selection of patients with localised disease to the peritoneal cavity for CRS, taking into consideration the performance status, liver function and tumour biology may lead to a successful outcome in patients with HCC PM.

Key words: Cytoreductive surgery, Peritoneal dissemination
Alunos(as) com necessidades educacionais especiais na Educação Física Escolar: relatos de experiências de um professor-pesquisador
Authors: Souza Symon Tiago Brandão de , Pereira Arliene Stephanie Menezes , Venâncio Luciana
Published: January 2023

A Lei 13.146/2015 institui a Lei Brasileira de Inclusão da Pessoa com Deficiência (PcD) e menciona a educação como direito e garantido sistemas educacionais inclusivos. Na perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva não é o(a) aluno(a) que tem que se adaptar, mas cabe a escola promover o acesso ao conhecimento/aprendizado. Assim, objetivamos narrar um relato da experiência educativa de um professor-pesquisador com alunos(as) com Necessidades Educacionais Especiais. O interesse no estudo surgiu frente à história de vida do primeiro autor como docente e diante dos desafios com a educação na perspectiva inclusiva. A abordagem qualitativa nos permitiu tecer narrativas geradas na educação básica e analisadas com duas professoras-pesquisadoras, com o intuito de desvelar os enredos pertinentes à inclusão na experiência com a Educação Física. Dessa forma, concluiu-se provisoriamente que o processo de inclusão nas aulas de Educação Física vai além das necessidades dos(as) alunos(as) partindo de uma vivência afetiva e experiencial dos(as) professores(as).
Educação para a proteção civil: políticas e práticas em Portugal
Authors: Freitas Gregório Magno de Vasconcelos de , Sousa Jesus Maria Angélica Fernandes , Góis Liliana Maria Gonçalves Rodrigues de
Published: January 2023

Vivemos numa sociedade em constante mudança e incerteza, que se tornou mais complexa e, inevitavelmente, mais exposta aos riscos que reforçam a sensação de vulnerabilidade e exacerbam o sentimento de insegurança dos cidadãos. A segurança, entendida como um direito fundamental de cidadania, deverá ser um debate prioritário, nomeadamente na definição de políticas de proteção civil, sustentadas e participadas, atendendo à basilar importância que assume no desenvolvimento económico e social do país. Assim, é fundamental a promoção de uma cultura de segurança e bem-estar e de responsabilidade, individual e coletiva, onde a educação, o currículo e a investigação devem assumir papéis basilares na construção de uma cidadania participativa. Neste artigo, recorrendo ao método hermenêutico para interpretar e à dialógica para refletir, iremos analisar, à luz da visão ideológica da educação e do currículo, as políticas de educação para a proteção civil e o papel que a escola deve assumir neste contexto.