bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The biological weapons threats and coping strategies for health promotion
Authors: Hosseini-Shokouh Seyyed-Javad , Sheikhi Rahim Ali , Hosseini Seyed Mohammad Reza , Moradimajd Parisa
Published: April 2024

The biotechnology revolution and the emergence of new ways to change the genetic material of an organism have led to an increased risk of biological wars. Coping strategies against these threats is very important to improve the health of people. Therefore, due to the importance of this issue, this study is aimed to review the scope of using biotechnology and genetic engineering in wars and coping strategies in all over the world. In this review study, database includes of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct were searched. The search was limited to reviewed articles in English published between 1990 and 2020. The primary search results generated 148 relevant references. After eliminating the duplicates and articles which were not related to the review of the abstract, 11 references were identified for inclusion in this review. Based on the results of these studies, the advances in genetic engineering can lead to the development of new weapons for other types of conflict and war scenarios, secret operations, and sabotage activities. Rapid developments in biotechnology and genetics have created environmental, ethical, political, and social challenges for many communities. Increasing awareness and sensitivity, monitoring, and building capacity for effective coping are essential. Biotechnology areas that will probably significantly contribute to countering biological weapons include recognizing the human genome, strengthening the immune system, identifying bacteria and viruses' genome, equipment for biological identification, new vaccines, new antibiotics, and anti-viral drugs must be monitored.
Comparing the effect of traditional and role-play training methods on nursing students' performance and satisfaction in the principles of patient education course
Authors: Ahmady Soleiman , Shahbazi Sara , Khajeali Nasrin
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Education is considered as one of the most important well-known roles of nurses, which is based on the patients' needs and awareness level. Thus, training the skill to nursing students is highly prioritized. The present study aimed to compare traditional and role-play training methods on nursing students' performance and satisfaction in the principles of patient education course.

Materials and Methods:

The present quasi-empirical study was conducted in 2019 among 36 fourth-semester nursing students at the School of Nursing in Borujen branch. In this regard, the students were randomly divided into experimental (n = 18) and control (n = 18) groups and trained through role-play and traditional methods, respectively. The data were collected using demographic questionnaire, training method satisfaction form, and student performance evaluation checklist (30 items), among which the two last ones were researcher made. Then, data were analyzed by SPSS software version 19 and using descriptive and analytical statistical tests such as Chi-square and Mann–Whitney.

RESULTS:

The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) between the mean score of students' satisfaction with teaching method in the control (17.15 ± 0.89) and experimental groups (19.03 ± 1.49), as well as between that of their performance in the control and experimental groups (115.31 ± 2.07 and 118.28 ± 3.59, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

Based on the results, role-play training method affected nursing students' performance in the principles of patient education course higher. Thus, using the method in training students and in-service training for nursing personnel is recommended to education planners and nursing education authorities for improving the skill.
Exploring the knowledge, attitude, and practice of health-care professionals on coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic infection
Authors: Rani Meenu , Sharma Ishan , Sharma Shivangi , Sharma Lokendra , Kumar Susheel
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

To prevent the rapid spread of infectious COVID-19 in India, many steps have been taken. Adherence to the control measures depends on the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) toward COVID-19 disease in health-care professionals. The present study was conducted among health-care professionals in Jaipur. The objective was to evaluate the KAPs about COVID-19 among health-care professionals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 385 participants took part in the study. A self-designed questionnaire was filled by the participants online (Google Form). The knowledge of the participants was assessed using 12 questions. Attitude and practices of the participants were assessed by two questions for each.

RESULTS:

Among the study completers, 52.20% were male, 71.42% of the participants were aged above 30 years, and 59.22% were nurse. The knowledge score was approximately 90%. The majority of the participants had a strong conviction that India can overcome this infectious disease in the near future. Multiple regression analysis found that good knowledge score of COVID-19 was associated with lower negative attitudes and less risky practices (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

Participants of the study were knowledgeable, held positive attitudes, and had adequate practices for COVID-19.
Severity of illness affecting the length of stay and outcomes in patients admitted to intensive care units, Iran, 2019
Authors: Setareh Mohammad , Alavi Negin Masoudi , Atoof Fatemeh
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Length of stay (LOS) and patients' outcome are two important indicators in intensive care units (ICUs). The severity of illness influences these variables and could have a predictive value in clinical settings. The impact of severity of illness on the LOS and outcomes in patients admitted to ICUs was investigated in a selected hospital in Iran in 2019.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This research was a descriptive longitudinal study. Data were prospectively collected on 150 patients. The sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, LOS, and demographic variables of the patients were recorded. Abbreviated mental test and Barthel index measuring activities of daily living questionnaires were completed at the time of the discharge from ICU and 1 month later to show the patient outcomes. Data analysis was performed using Chi-square test, t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and linear and ordinal logistic regression with SPSS software version 16.

RESULTS:

The mean of LOS was 11.21 ± 10.54 days. 24.7% of the patients were discharged from ICUs with optimal recovery, 49.3% with poor recovery, and 26% died in ICUs. One month after discharge, 67.6% of patients had optimal recovery, 24.3% had poor recovery, and 8.1% died. The SOFA score had a significant relation with LOS and patient outcomes in discharge and 1 month later. All the patients with SOFA score <5 survived, and all the patients with SOFA score more than 12 died.

CONCLUSIONS:

The severity of illness had a significant relation with LOS and patient outcomes in the time of the discharge from ICU and 1 month later. It seems that the initial SOFA score of 12 and higher can be suggested as a cutoff point for poor prognosis in ICU patients.
Preoperative anxiety among Iranian adult patients undergoing elective surgeries in educational hospitals
Authors: Barkhori Ali , Pakmanesh Hamid , Sadeghifar Amirreza , Hojati Ali , Hashemian Morteza
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Although surgical techniques have been improving, preoperative anxiety is still a challenge in preoperative care and is known as an expected response experienced by patients waiting to undergo surgery. The present study aimed to compare preoperative anxiety levels in three educational hospitals in Kerman.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in three educational hospitals in Kerman, Iran, from December 2017 to May 2018. The participants were 100 patients from each hospital (300 patients in sum) who were selected through the convenience sampling method. Sampling was not restricted to sex and type of surgery. The 40-item Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was administered to the patients to assess the level of preoperative anxiety experienced by them. Bivariate linear regression models were used to compare the preoperative state anxiety levels based on the patients' demographic information. A multivariate linear regression model was used to determine the predictors of preoperative state anxiety.

RESULTS:

The participants were 149 males and 151 females with a mean age of 36.38 (12.75) years (age range: 12–79 years). Almost two-third of the patients showed upper-middle symptoms of state anxiety (n = 197, 65.7%) followed by upper-middle symptoms of trait anxiety (40% and 49.3%, respectively). There was a significant relationship between the patient's sex and state anxiety (P = 0.05) and also between trait anxiety and state anxiety (P ≤ 0.001). It was shown that train anxiety could predict state anxiety before surgery (B: 0.53, 95% confidence interval: 0.44, 0.62; P ≤ 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

The results of the present study confirmed the presence of preoperative anxiety in a sample of Iranian patients. Although the anxiety scores were not very high, organizing intervention and training programs to control and reduce preoperative anxiety among patients seems essential.
Knowledge, skill, and preventive behaviors regarding COVID-19 among the public in Shahrekord of Iran
Authors: Tavassoli Elahe , Hesary Fatemeh Baghernezhad
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

COVID-19 is a serious and costly problem for communities. Observing health issues and performing preventive behaviors is influenced by their knowledge and skills of people toward COVID-19. Hence, this study investigated the knowledge, skill, and practice of the public of Shahrekord toward COVID-19.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

The present study was performed as a cross sectional. Data were collected using an online questionnaire from 540 Shahrekord residents who were selected via convenience sampling in 2020. Knowledge, skill, and practice toward COVID-19 were assessed using a prevalidated questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS-21 software (one-way analysis of variance, Pearson test, and regression test).

RESULTS:

In this study, 39.1% were male, and 60.9% were female and 46.3% were 20–25 years. The mean score of knowledge, skill, and preventive behaviors was 75.69 ± 17.85, 53.87 ± 27.40, and 59.97 ± 23.79, respectively. There was a significant direct relationship between knowledge and skill (P = 0.05 and r = 081) so that public with more knowledge had a better skill as well. There was a significant association between age (P = 0.036), education level (P = 0.019), and job (P = 0.014) with knowledge. In addition, a significant association between job (P = 0.027) and marital status (P = 0.014) with skill was observed. Knowledge, skill, and demographic variables predict 37.6% preventive behavior.

CONCLUSION:

The majority of the participants had good knowledge, moderate skill, and relatively enough practice. Government and policymakers must consider these knowledge levels, skill, and practices to implement productive interventions for preventing the COVID-19.
Awareness and experience of health-care workers during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Meena Satya Prakash , Jhirwal Manisha , Puranik Ashok Kumar , Sharma Naveen , Rodha Mahaveer Singh , Lodha Mahendra , Badkur Mayank
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

During the 2nd week of July 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) infection spreading in the community. Now more than 15 lakhs peoples have been infected in India, out of the 26816 patients were deceased. COVID 19 outbreaks become an additional hazard to the health-care workers (HCWs), leading to fatigue, anxiety, depression and fear of death. The objective of this questionnaire-based study is to know about the knowledge of HCWs about COVID 19, their experiences while dealing with the disease, and the protective measures taken to prevent the infection.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted for 1 month starting from the 2nd week of June 2020 after getting institutional ethical clearance. This study included 240 HCWs posted in the medical and surgical Departments of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. This questionnaire was prepared in online Google forms and required 2 min to complete. Mean, median, range, and standard deviation were used to describe the continuous variables, and percentages were used to describe the categorical data.

RESULTS:

Among 240 HCWs, 79.16% (n = 190) participants have good knowledge and adapted good precautions (score 15–23) for COVID 19 infection. Rest 20% (n = 48) and 0.8% (n = 2) participants has average (score 8–14) or poor knowledge (score <8) with adaptation of average or poor precautionary measures against COVID 19, respectively.

CONCLUSION:

This study concluded that we have the requirement of more educational training programs for awareness of HCWs and precautionary measures against COVID 19. Thereby, HCWs can improve their knowledge and participate in this fight against COVID 19 with more efficiency and confidence.
Role of judgment in promoting nurses’ decisions and ethical behavior
Authors: Borhani Fariba , Abbaszadeh Abbas , Bahrampour Abbas , Ameri Golnaz Forough , Aryaeenezhad Azita
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Ethical decision-making and behavior of nurses are major factors, which can effect on the quality of nursing care. It seems that there is a correlation between demographic variables and ethical decision-making and moral behaviors of nurses. Promoting patients’ health is one of the issues related to nurses’ ethical behaviors. The aim of this study was to determine the role of judgment in promoting nurses’ decisions and ethical behavior.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study in which 260 nurses were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Sampling method was available. The data collection tool was the Hospital Ethics Committee Survey Questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20.

RESULTS:

In this study, judgments and ethical behaviors of nurses were evaluated at the moderate and good level. Gender, marriage status, education level, and nursing position were effective in judgments and ethical behavior of nurses. Age, job experience, and participation in the ethics workshop had no significant effect on ethical behavior and moral judgment. The mean score of moral belief of nurses participating in this study was 181.56 ± 17.60, and their mean moral practice in the real environment was 168.5 ± 17.77.

CONCLUSION:

The judgment competencies in ethical situation of nurses should be promoted to a higher level. It seems that more advanced educational methods are needed to achieve this goal. The findings from this study show the necessity of nurses’ ability to improve their behavior and moral judgment. It also shows that nurses need more reinforcement based on the demographic variables.
Investigating the relationship between the ethical atmosphere of the hospital and the ethical behavior of Iranian nurses
Authors: Borhani Fariba , Abbaszadeh Abbas , Bahrampour Abbas , Ameri Golnaz Forough , Aryaeenezhad Azita
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

The ethical guidelines and ethical atmosphere of the hospital affect the quality of nursing care. Improving the health of patients in most cases depends on the observance of ethical points and ethical behaviors by nurses. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hospital ethics and ethical training guidelines on improving the quality of nursing care and nurses’ professional ethics.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This is a descriptive-analytical study. This study was performed by multi-stage relative cluster sampling on 260 qualified nurses in 2014. Data were collected using the Hospital Ethical Climate Questionnaire and the Judgments about Nursing Decisions Questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software version 19.

RESULTS:

The results showed that nurses’ perceptions of the ethical climate of hospitals were relatively positive. The ethical behavior of nurses was moderate and good. Nurses’ perception of the ethical climate scores was not related to the ideal ethical behavior of nurses (r = 0.11, P = 0.86). The ethical climate perceptions of nurses were related to real workplace ethical behavior score (r = 0.188, P = 0.002). The results also showed that ethical guidelines can improve the quality of nursing care.

CONCLUSION:

Considering the results of this study, it seems that holding nursing ethics training programs can be a big step toward promoting the professional behavior of nurses and the observance of professional ethics by nurses.
Prevalence of peripheral artery disease in patients with infectious diabetic foot ulcer in Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah during 2019–2020
Authors: Janbakhsh Alireza , Abedinfam Masoomeh , Sobhiyeh Mohamad Reza , Rezaie Mansour , Aslani Payam Sarie , Vaziri Siavash , Sayad Babak , Afsharian Mandana , Mansouri Fezollah
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the main public health troubles diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most important and relatively common causes of hospitalization. This study investigates the prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah during 2017–2018.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This study is descriptive-analytical. The study population was 196 cases with infectious DFUs admitted to Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah during 2019–2020. The presence or absence of PAD was assessed in these cases. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 18.0).

RESULTS:

Among 196 patients studied, 120 (61.22%) patients had PAD. The prevalence of PAD was higher in men than in women and it was more common in Type 2 DM patients than in Type 1 DM patients. The majority of ulcers were located on the nonplantar surface of the foot. Moreover, the prevalence of PAD had a significant relationship by increasing the duration of diabetes (P = 0.041), history of amputation (P = 0.002), history of diabetic foot (P = 0.006), and peripheral neuropathy (P = 0.005).

CONCLUSION:

A considerable number of diabetic patients with DFU had PAD. This necessitates more intense interventions to manage PAD as a strong risk factor for DFU in diabetics. Neurovascular assessment of diabetic patients and early diagnosis of PAD may be appropriate interventions to prevent development of DFUs. We recommend trial studies to find out the best methods to address early detection of PAD in diabetics.
Coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy
Authors: Agarwal Neha , Garg Ruchika , Singh Saroj , Agrawal Arti
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Since the advent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, there is debate whether pregnancy outcome in COVID-19 is more severe as compared to general population. Pregnant population is particularly susceptible to viral infections due to altered immune response. H1N1 infection and Zika virus infection led to unfavorable maternal and fetal outcomes. SARS during pregnancy has been linked previously with high risk of spontaneous abortions, preterm births and intrauterine growth restriction. The effects of this novel virus need to be studied.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This is a single-center descriptive prospective observational study of 65 pregnant women with reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction confirmed COVID-19 infection, regardless of gestational age at diagnosis, admitted from April 15 to June 30, 2020, at the COVID hospital in SN Medical college a tertiary center of Agra in North India. Maternal and perinatal outcomes were studied. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software for windows. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Categorical variables were expressed as numbers and percentages.

RESULTS:

Majority 88.4% of the women were asymptomatic. Rest had mild illness only. Majority 94.23% were third-trimester pregnancies; preterm birth was not reported in any singleton pregnancy. Majority 85% were delivered by cesarean section done for obstetric indications. Maternal outcome of all patients was favourable, and only two women who had moderate pneumonia recovered. Maternal mortality was reported in only 1 case. All neonates were negative for COVID-19. Neonatal outcome was favorable.

CONCLUSION:

COVID-19 in pregnancy led to mild symptoms only. Infection in the third trimester did not led to adverse obstetric outcome including preterm labor and premature membrane rupture. SARSCoV2 infection in pregnancy did not increase the risk of maternal mortality. Vertical transmission of COVID-19 was not found in neonates. The maternal, neonatal, and perinatal outcomes of COVID-19 patients infected in late pregnancy were favorable.
The association between body mass index and health literacy in high school Students
Authors: Zare-Zardiny Mohammad Reza , Abazari Faroukh , Zakeri Mohammad Ali , Dastras Majid , Farokhzadian Jamileh
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Obesity and overweight in children and adolescents have become a global problem in recent years. Adolescence increases the likelihood of obesity in adulthood and associated illnesses. Nowadays, health literacy is one of the greatest determinants of the health. This study was conducted to evaluate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and health literacy in high school students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In this descriptive-analytical study, 430 high school students were enrolled in a multi-stage random method in Yazd city in the center of Iran. The data were collected through The Health Literacy Measure for Adolescents and calculate BMI with measurement of height and weight of adolescents. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 25 and descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square and multivariate regression).

RESULTS:

The results showed that the mean score of BMI (21.76 ± 3.76) was in a normal range. The score of health literacy was at the borderline level (58.44 ± 13.79). BMI was not significantly correlated with health literacy (P = 0.09). BMI was significantly different in terms of age, high school grade, school type, and health status. School type and health status predict 37% of the variance of BMI (R
2 = 37%) and the best predictor was health status (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:

The results of the present study showed that BMI was not correlated with health literacy and student health literacy was at the borderline level. It is necessary to carry out further studies on the causes and facilitators and the barriers to increasing health literacy. Furthermore, educational interventions are needed to prevent the increase of BMI in adolescents and identify determining factors.
The impact of service quality provided by health-care centers and physicians on patient satisfaction
Authors: Marzo Roy Rillera , Bhattacharya Sudip , Ujang Noorhaida Binti , Naing Thein Win , Huong Fei Anita Ting , Chun Cheong Kah , Xue Ting Cheryl Pock , Rajah Pavithra A/P , Shanmuganathan Kavitra A/P
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:

Patient satisfaction is a comprehensive measurement of patients' happiness with the level of health care delivered to them both inside and outside the physician's office. It is commonly used as an indicator to assess the health-care quality and affects a wide range of components related to the provision of health services such as ease of access, medical malpractice, and clinical outcomes. The study aimed to analyze patients' satisfaction with the quality of health care they received at the outpatient department of Klinik Kesihatan Maharani Muar Healthcare Facility (KMMHF), Johor.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This cross-sectional study was conducted between August and December 2019 period. Demographic information and information on patients' feelings about their physicians, treatment, and health facilities provided were collected from 407 consented patients in a simple random sampling survey using a researcher-made, an adapted Medical Interview Satisfaction, questionnaire which was pilot tested before administration to the patients. Data were analyzed with SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics and correlational and group comparison analyses were utilized.

RESULTS:

Of the 407 patients studied for physician–patient satisfaction, the overall mean of all the respondents responding was 4.089 ± 0.5, which was ranked the highest among the three objectives. The effectiveness of treatment came as the second highest with the overall mean of 4.088 ± 0.5. Finally, the overall health-care facilities had the lowest overall mean of 4.077 ± 0.5 among the three.

CONCLUSION:

Most patients who visited KMMHF were mostly satisfied with the outcomes of physician–patient interaction in the clinic.
A comparative evaluation of the variations on the shades of pressable ceramic system with the layering technique after different number of firing cycles: An in vitro study
Authors: Kaur Manupreet , Sahu Shailendra Kumar
Published: April 2024

Aim:

The main aim of the present study was to compare and evaluate the effect of repetitive firings on different shades of a pressable all ceramic system layered with veneering porcelain.

Setting and Design:

In-vitro comparative study

Materials And Methods:

An in vitro comparative study was conducted, and a total of 60 disc shaped specimens (15 mm in diameter and 0.8 mm in thickness) were made of heat pressed ceramic of shades A2, A3, and B2 (20 discs of each shade) grouped as Group I, II, and III, respectively, using the lost wax technique. The discs were subsequently layered with veneering porcelain followed by glazing and overglazing and underwent a firing cycle at each step until six times combined. CIE L*a*b* measurements were noted on each sample after the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth firing using VITA Easyshade Advance 4.0 spectrophotometer.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Statistical Analysis was done by SPSS 17.0 software. One way analysis of variance, multiple comparisons using the Tukey test, and descriptive statistical analysis were done for all the groups in the study. P <0.05 was statistically significant.

Results:

The mean color differences for the repeated firings were imperceptible (ΔE <1.67) to the human eye for all ceramic samples tested except between the fourth and fifth firing of Group II (shade A3).

Conclusion:

The analysis revealed that although repeated firings lead to changes in L*, a*, and b* values, the mean color difference was below the clinically acceptable color change (ΔE <3.7).
The effect of ceramic bonder on shear bond strength at the metal-ceramic interface in casted and direct metal laser sintering cobalt–chromium alloy – An in vitro study
Authors: Gowri Nadipalli Sri , Reddy K. Mahendranadh , Shastry Y. Mahadev , Aditya S. Venkat , Dubey Divya
Published: April 2024

Aim:

(1) The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a ceramic bonder at the metal ceramic interface in sintered and casted cobalt–chromium (Co–Cr) alloy. (2) To compare the shear bond strength between the different manufacturing techniques: Casting and direct metal laser sintering (DMLS).

Setting and Design:

In vitro comparative study.

Materials and Methods:

For the casting group, 40 clear acrylic patterns with dimensions of 20 mm × 10 mm × 2.5 mm were designed in a software and casted with Co–Cr alloy. For DMLS samples, a standard tessellation language file with the abovementioned dimensions was created through a software to fabricate 40 samples. All the samples were equally distributed into the following four groups:

Group A – Casted samples with the application of Cerambond (n = 20)

Group B – Casted samples without application of Cerambond (n = 20)

Group C – DMLS samples with application of Cerambond (n = 20)

Group D – DMLS without application of Cerambond (n = 20).

Ceramic buildup was done on all 80 samples, followed by firing up to a temperature of 920°C in a ceramic furnace. SBS was evaluated using a universal testing machine and failure modes were examined under the electron microscope.

Statistical Analysis Used:

ANOVA test and Tukey’s honestly significance difference post hoc test for multiple comparisons.

Results:

One-way analysis of variance test revealed that the shear load and bond strength values of all four groups were statistically different with P < 0.001. Post hoc Tukey’s test showed statistically significant difference among the four groups. The mean shear strength of Group C was significantly greater when compared to other groups, respectively.

Conclusions:

Within the limitations of this study, the application of Cerambond to both casted and sintered samples showed significantly increased SBS values and it was also observed that sintered samples had higher strength than casted samples. Altogether, the results indicate that the use of Cerambond increased the shear strength between cobalt Cr alloy and ceramics, thereby prolonging the longevity of the restorations.
Escape rooms como metodología educativa para combatir la desinformación en alumnos de primaria y secundaria: el caso de Learn to Escape
Authors: Lozano-Monterrubio Natàlia , Cuartielles Roger , Carrillo-Pérez Nereida , Montagut Marta
Published: April 2024

Introducción: El desorden informativo influye en la salud de la opinión pública de los países democráticos. Para combatirlo, en los últimos años han surgido numerosas iniciativas en el campo de la Alfabetización Mediática e Informacional (AMI). Paralelamente, el auge de metodologías gamificadas ha propiciado la creación de propuestas ludificadas como los escape room educativos, una metodología inmersiva que permite abordar temas complejos de forma lúdica y cooperativa. Metodología: El objetivo general del estudio es conocer las percepciones que genera entre el profesorado de educación primaria y secundaria la utilización de escape rooms educativos como metodología para trabajar la AMI. Se han entrevistado a seis centros educativos españoles que han participado en Learn to Escape, un escape room sobre AMI elaborado en el marco de la iniciativa de transferencia Learn to Check. Resultados: Se percibe que los docentes aprecian el uso de escape rooms educativos por su capacidad de motivar y despertar emociones entre el alumnado, así como fomentar un aprendizaje multidimensional y por descubrimiento, aspecto que también ven de utilidad para el ámbito de la AMI. Discusión y conclusiones: La dinámica escape room, y específicamente la de Learn to Escape, convierte la propuesta en una metodología útil para introducir en edades tempranas la problemática de la circulación de desinformaciones y divulgar estrategias para su detección. Se trata de una propuesta catalizadora que fomenta el espíritu crítico y la adquisición de habilidades digitales que pueden ser transferidas al entorno habitual de los participantes, en consonancia con los objetivos de la AMI.
Application of Mathematical Model in Bioeconomic Analysis of Skipjack Fish in Pelabuhanratu, Sukabumi Regency, Jawa Barat
Authors: Nurkasyifah Fathimah Syifa , Supriatna Asep K. , Napitupulu Herlina
Published: April 2024

Presently, sustainability has emerged as a crucial and compelling concern across diverse sectors, evolving into a long-term agenda championed by the United Nations through the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Within the SDGs, particularly under point 14 addressing life below water, emphasis is placed on ensuring sustainability in aquatic ecosystems, encompassing the fisheries sector. The concept of Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) holds significance in the bioeconomic analysis of fisheries, influencing decision-making processes aimed at preserving sustainability. Regrettably, several studies have identified inaccuracies in the determination of MSY, leading to instances of overfishing in various regions. Conversely, it is imperative to give due attention to Maximum Economic Yield (MEY) to ensure that economic considerations remain integral to decision-making processes. Consequently, a more comprehensive and detailed bioeconomic analysis, incorporating mathematical models, becomes essential. Among these models, the logistic growth rate model and the Gompertz growth rate model stand out as significant contributors.
Risk Measurement of Investment Portfolio Using Var and Cvar from The Top 10 Traded Stocks on the IDX
Authors: Suhaimi Nurnisaa Binti Abdullah , Rusyn Volodymyr
Published: April 2024

Portfolio investment reflects a commitment to the allocation of funds or resources which is considered a strategic step in managing assets to achieve future profits. This research begins with a careful analysis of a portfolio consisting of the ten best stocks on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Through in-depth processing and analysis of stock data, the dynamics of performance, risk and volatility involved in each investment commitment are revealed. The Value-at-Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) methods at the 90%, 95%, and 99% confidence levels take centre stage, highlighting the potential for increased losses as confidence levels increase. In-depth analysis illustrates that CVaR, considering the extreme risks in the distribution, provides a more holistic picture than VaR. With a VaR (99%) value of IDR 84,973,959,424 and CVaR (99%) of IDR 471,795,822,064, this research provides a concrete picture of potential risks at the highest level of confidence. These results confirm that CVaR has a crucial role in identifying and measuring the potential for more significant losses, especially in the face of unexpected market uncertainty. As a guide for investment decision makers, this research forms an important basis for carefully considering the level of risk and potential return at various levels of confidence. This allows the development of smarter and more informed investment strategies.
A Scoping Review of Green Supply Chain and Company Performance
Authors: Ningrum Endah Prawesti , Nugroho Arissetyanto , Darmansyah Darmansyah , Ahmar Nurmala
Published: April 2024

Environmental pollution is a serious problem that can cause the extinction of living things on earth if it is not addressed immediately. Implementing a green supply chain is one form of company attention to answer these demands. This research aims to analyze the influence of green supply chains on company performance. This research was carried out using the literature review method by reviewing various previous studies contained in various electronic journal or literature search databases. The results of this research found that the green supply chain is an important strategy for achieving sustainable development for companies. The biggest driving factors for implementing a green supply chain usually come from outside the company, namely government regulations and environmentally conscious customers. Companies must also evaluate product design and production techniques and presentation in order to produce products that are more environmentally friendly.
Comparison of student pharmacists’ academic performance with and without required attendance in a pharmacotherapy course
Authors: Bowers Dana , Barash Alanda , McKiernan Kimberly
Published: April 2024

Background: Studies evaluating the association between absenteeism and academic performance have had mixed results; some demonstrate a positive correlation between course attendance and academic performance.
Objective: To compare student pharmacists’ performance in a cohort with graded attendance and those without a graded attendance in a pharmacotherapy course and to evaluate student performance within the required attendance cohort on course learning objectives.
Methods: All students enrolled during Fall 2021 and Fall 2022 were included in this study. Attendance data for the graded attendance cohort and the Assessment performance data for both cohorts were exported. With the student’s t-test, the average examination performance on college-level learning outcomes (CLLOs) between groups was compared.
Results: The comparison between the graded and ungraded attendance cohorts demonstrated a significant difference in academic performance for all three levels of Bloom’s taxonomy, and one CLLO on Examination One and in all categories on Examination Two. Within the graded attendance cohort, comparing students who met unit attendance competency with those who did not resulted in a significant difference.
Conclusion: The results of this study support graded attendance in a pharmacotherapy course. Student pharmacists demonstrated better academic performance when attendance was graded than a cohort without a graded attendance requirement.
A crise estrutural do capital na era do Estado Neoliberal: implicações para a Política Educacional
Authors: Aparecida Marcatti Amanda , Dumont Pena Henrique , Henrique Chaves Pessanha Pedro
Published: April 2024

O artigo tem como objetivo discutir a crise estrutural do capital na era do Estado Neoliberal, expondo suas principais consequências para o campo da educação. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica, sobre o tema crise do estrutural capital, Estado neoliberal e educação, no campo da produção teórica do marxismo e educação, produzida na contemporaneidade. Partimos da análise que, ao longo do século XX, a lógica de acumulação do capital expandiu-se de forma incontrolável para todas as dimensões da vida, aprofundando a disjunção entre a produção voltada para as necessidades humanas daquela direcionada à autorreprodução do capital. Portanto, a crise do capital é estrutural, pois atinge todas as dimensões da vida – economia, natureza, política, direitos sociais e cultura; e global porque o seu alcance embora abranja de forma diversa cada território, é mundial. Tendo o Estado neoliberal uma função subsidiária ao capital. Constatou-se que o resultado da crise estrutural do capital no campo educacional é o cultivo de uma subjetividade individualista, que encarna o esforço, a dedicação e a competição generalizada consigo e com o outro como projeto de vida. Sendo, portanto, urgente o desafio de ressignificar o lugar da educação, como atividade formativa da relação trabalho-natureza-sociedade.
Conscious Bias: Regulating iBlastoids
Authors: Frazer Henry
Published: April 2024

Research into the early stages of human development has remained difficult due to ethical concerns around the use of human embryonic material. The creation of iBlastoids, which are simulations of human blastocysts created from human skin cells, offers a path that provides clearer avenues for research with the potential to sidestep ethical dilemmas. However, scientific and regulatory communities are yet to decide how to regulate these structures, and a new framework around which to judge moral worth is required. One possible avenue is to consider an organism’s consciousness.
Constitutionalism in Post-Ottoman Southeast Europe during the 19th Century
Authors: Zelepos Ioannis
Published: April 2024

The essay investigates the emergence of constitutional statehood in post-Ottoman Southeast Europe during the 19thcentury in comparative perspective on the example of Serbia, Greece and Romania. It locates central turning points and highlights similarities as well as peculiarities of these processes in relation to the paradigm of Europeanization which functioned as the guiding principle in all three cases. It concludes that Europeanization, respectively “De-Ottomanization”, although dominating Southeast European political discourses, was not a clear-cut uniform concept but to a considerable degree influenced by specific regional factors, in particular the imperial legacies of the region, which have to be considered in order to make the Europeanization-paradigm a viable analytical tool for historical research.
Orientación
Authors: Medina Guillen Leonardo Flavio
Published: April 2024

La orientación se define como la capacidad de percibir ubicación, tiempo, situación y la propia identidad, destacando su implicación en consciencia, percepción, inteligencia, memoria y comprensión. Se explora la anatomía del sistema anatómico, enfocándose en la corteza visual. Se discuten la orientación alopsíquica temporal, relacionada con la noción del tiempo, y la orientación alopsíquica espacial, vinculada a la percepción del entorno, explorando la anatomía del hipocampo y el circuito de Papez. Se aborda la orientación autopsíquica, relacionada con la autopercepción, destacando la corteza prefrontal y la ínsula. Se concluye con trastornos de orientación, clasificándolos como agudos y crónicos, y detallando desórdenes como la desorientación parcial, temporal, espacial y autopsíquica, con sus posibles causas y consecuencias clínicas.
Decolonisation and Legal Knowledge
Authors: Adébísí Folúkẹ́
Published: April 2024

The law is heavily implicated in creating, maintaining, and reproducing racialised hierarchies which bring about and preserve acute global disparities and injustices. This essential book provides an examination of the meanings of decolonisation and explores how this examination can inform teaching, researching, and practising of law.
Professors' Informal Learning in their Workplace: The Case of Nepali University
Authors: Baniya Chhetri Sabina , Bhattarai Prakash C.
Published: April 2024

This study explores how Nepali professors engage in informal learning practices in their workplace and identify the potential for creating a conducive learning environment We conducted in-depth interviews with five Nepali professors using a qualitative case study approach to explore their informal learning experiences at their workplace. The study revealed that professors engage in informal learning through various methods, such as enacting job roles, reflecting on work experiences, interacting with colleagues, seeking feedback, and initiating self-learning through reading, online courses, professional networks, and formal training programs. However, organizational constraints hindered their self-initiated learning activities. Future research can examine the organization constraints influencing self-initiated learning among professors. This study contributes to the limited research on informal learning among professors in the workplace of developing countries and emphasizes the importance of creating a supportive learning environment for their professional growth.
Exploring the Experience of Healthcare-Related Epistemic Injustice among People with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis / Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Authors: Hunt Joanne , Runacres Jessica , Herron Daniel , Sheffield David
Published: April 2024

Myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a chronic, disabling yet clinically “contested” condition, previously theorised through a lens of epistemic injustice. Phenomena conceptually close to epistemic injustice, including stigma, are known to have deleterious consequences on a person’s health and life-world. Yet, no known primary studies have explored how people with ME/CFS experience healthcare through a lens of epistemic injustice, whilst a dearth of research explicitly exploring healthcare-related injustice from a patient perspective has been noted. This qualitative study seeks to address this gap. Semi-structured interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) were used to explore the experiences of five people with ME/CFS in the UK, vis-à-vis healthcare-related epistemic injustice. One superordinate theme is presented, “Being de-centred in patient-centred care,” alongside two sub-themes: “Struggling for epistemic-existential validation” and “Negotiating socio-epistemic hierarchies, politics and ‘power’.” Findings suggest that healthcare-related epistemic injustice may differentially impact according to the patient’s social positionality (here, notably gender), and that a potential pathway of existential harm operates through threats to identity and personhood. Findings also indicate that cultural and political factors may further epistemic injustice in healthcare. Finally, epistemic injustice impacting as a chronic stressor cannot be ruled out and is worthy of further research. The experience of healthcare-related epistemic injustice can carry far-reaching yet varied consequences for patients. Future research should consider drawing upon more socio-demographically diverse samples and an intersectional approach is recommended. Further exploration of structural drivers of epistemic injustice may highlight a need for politically and socio-culturally cognisant clinical approaches.
STRATEGI MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR AL-QUR'AN PADA ANAK DENGAN METODE QUR'ANI SIDOGIRI DI MADRASAH DARUS SALAM DRINGU PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Mukarromah Lu'luil Mukarromah , Nakib M. Nakib Hasyim , Hasbullah M. Hasbullah Marzuki , Eka Eka Sri Wahyuni , Prasetiya Benny
Published: April 2024

This research explores the interest of the younger generation in learning the Quran, with a focus on the Sidogiri Qur'anic Method (MQS) at Madrasah Darus Salam Dringu Probolinggo. The background highlights the uniqueness of the Quran and the shift in students' activities in reading it. The aim of this research is to describe how Quranic learning in the madrasah is planned using MQS, with the hope of enhancing students' interest in learning. Through survey methods, questionnaires, and the participation of MQS teaching staff, this research is expected to provide a positive contribution. The steps involve initial surveys, contacting the foundation's head, scheduling, and interaction with teaching staff. The results show an improvement in children's understanding of the Quran, while MQS focuses on technical learning and the formation of Islamic character. The conclusion affirms MQS as a comprehensive effort to shape individuals with strong religious knowledge and Islamic character. Recommendations include recognition, teacher empowerment, and more efficient scheduling for the sustainability of the research.
Keywords: Strategy; Quran; Sidogiri Qur'anic Method
PERAN PUSAKA SAKINAH DALAM UPAYA PENURUNAN ANGKA PERCERAIAN DI KUA BESUK KABUPATEN PROBOLINGGO
Authors: Wafa Muhammad Ali , Quthny Abu Yazid Adnan , Syafi’i Imam
Published: April 2024

The Ministry of Religion, in response to the high divorce rate, has undertaken various initiatives aimed at sustaining family resilience. One such initiative is the Sakinah Family Service Center Program (Pusaka Sakinah), which seeks to enhance the role of the KUA in safeguarding Indonesian families from divorce. This article emphasizes the need to assess the implementation of the Pusaka Sakinah program by the KUA, including the strategies for advancement and the execution of counseling programs. Employing qualitative methods, this research conducted case studies focused on KUA Besuk. The study revealed several key findings: firstly, while enhancing the KUA's role in fostering sakinah families is achievable through the Pusaka Sakinah program, ensuring the sustainability of the program is challenging due to the KUA's heavy reliance on external funding. Secondly, there are limited initiatives and innovations because the concept of the Pusaka Sakinah program is not fully comprehended and has been misinterpreted during the restructuring of KUA, resulting in confusion, reduction, and even rejection of programs perceived as burdensome by KUA. Thirdly, there is still inadequate synergy in the implementation of the program with similar initiatives undertaken by other ministries and local governments.
Keywords: Pusaka Sakinah; Wedding; Divorce.