bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Air Pollution Versus Humans: Are We Losing?
Authors: Praamsma Meredith L
Published: November 2023

The "International Expert Consultation on Understanding and Addressing the Impact of Air Pollution on Child Health in Mongolia" was held in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia on January 25-26, 2016. Even though conferences on environmental issues including air pollution are held in Ulaanbaatar, the air pollution situation seems to change very little. Astounding concentrations of air pollutants have become normal in the winter season of Ulaanbaatar, yet this city receives less media attention compared to Delhi, India or Beijing, China. Figure 1 shows a comparison of monthly average concentrations of one type of air pollutant, particulate matter of 2.5 micrometers or less in size (PM2.5), for November 2015 through April 2016 in the aforementioned cities. It can be seen here that PM2.5 concentrations are comparable between all three cities and even Beijing had much lower PM2.5 concentrations in January and February then the two other cities (maybe due to the Lunar New Year celebrations). Also note that these concentrations are averages from just one location in each city. Ulaanbaatar, Beijing, and Delhi have annual PM2.5 averageswell above the World Health Organization's (WHO) guideline of 10 g/m3. This seems to suggest that air pollution is winning the battle in these cities and unfortunately many other cities in the developing world.
Elevated Ammonia Level as a Diagnostic Marker of Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Ochirkhuree Bayarmaa , Namdag Bira , Jambal Sarangerel , Gunchin Batbaatar
Published: November 2023

Objectives: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common and prognostic complication of cirrhosis. It may reflect either a reversible metabolic encephalopathy, brain atrophy, edema or any combination of these conditions. The mechanisms causing brain dysfunction in liver failure are still unknown. Ammonia is the best-characterized neurotoxin that precipitates HE. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the role of ammonia in HE. Methods: A hospital-based prospective study on HE was carried out at the First Central Hospital of Mongolia and the Chingeltei-Uul District Hospital in 2011-2013. Patients with hepatic failure were subdivided into the three following groups: (1) patients without HE, (2) patients with grade l-ll HE, (3) patients with grade lll-IV HE. We took liver function tests, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score and blood ammonia and correlated them with the severity of encephalopathy. The mean variables ±SD, p-values, and Pearson coefficients were calculated by SPSS 17.0. Results: The total sample size was 120 and the mean age was 36.8 ±15.4 years. Elevated ammonia level was observed in every stage of HE and increased by stage  (p< 0.0001) MELD score and elevated ammonia level had a strong positive correlation (r = 0.54, p = 0.0001). In patients with any infection, the ammonia level was higher (p< 0.0001) than other groups. Conclusion: Ammonia is one of the diagnostic biomarkers of HE.
Results of the Study for the Antihypertensive Effect in the Panzeria Alaschanica Kupr Plant
Authors: Ha La Tu Hu Bi Si , Tumurbaatar Khaliunaa , Chimedtseren Chimedragchaa , Bukhbayar Tsogt , Damba Tsend-Ayush
Published: November 2023

Objectives: To study the effect of the plant Panzeria alaschanica Kupr on lowering blood pressure. Methods: The experiment was performed using Sharon Leng Hong Ong (2009) using a male rat weighing 150 - 250 grams. On days 5, 8, 13, and 15 of the experiment, ECG, heart rate, and arterial pressure were measured in the rat’s tail with a Neurobotic systole 1.2 instruments. At the end of the experiment, the content of renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: According to the results of the study, the experimental group of plant Panzeria alaschanica Kupr ingested a dose of 160 mg/kg of renin 36.8 % compared with the control group that caused the pathological model, the amount of aldosterone in animals plant Panzeria alaschanica Kupr who ingested a dose of 32 mg/kg were 43.5 % of the ingested animals compared with the pathogenic group, the amount of angiotensin II in the plant Panzeria alaschanica Kupr was 64 mg/kg animals that ingested in, was reduced by a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) of 34.3 % compared with the control group generated by the pathological model. Conclusion: Panzeria alaschanica Kupr has a 36.8 % reduced blood pressure by affecting the renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone systems.
Mobile Robots on 4, 6 or 8 Wheels Adapted for Uneven Terrain
Authors:   University Politehnica of Bucharest, Antonescu Ovidiu , Valeanu Dana ,   University Politehnica of Bucharest, Antonescu Daniela ,   “Iuliu Maniu” High School of Bucharest, Strimbeanu Margareta ,   “Iuliu Maniu” High School of Bucharest
Published: November 2023

The paper presents several types of mobile robots (MR) with 4, 6 and 8 wheels adapted for moving on uneven terrain. In the case of MR on 4 wheels, their diameter is limited and the chassis is raised, the ground clearance being higher than the height of a bump. MRs on 4 or 6 wheels have the chassis linked to the motor wheels by articulated bars as a dyad or tetrad variable geometry suspension. MR on 8 wheels use 4 planetary motor gear sets in tristar shape.
АНАЛІЗ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЙНИХ РЕСУРСІВ РОЗВИТКУ СФЕРИ ФІЗИЧНОЇ КУЛЬТУРИ І СПОРТУ В ОДЕСЬКІЙ ОБЛАСТІ
Authors: Кольчак Валентина Андріївна , Тодорова Валентина Георгіївна
Published: November 2023

У статті узагальнено представлення про організаційні ресурси розвитку сфери фізичної культури і спорту, а також ресурсний потенціал розвитку. Здійснено аналіз ресурсного забезпечення розвитку сфери фізичної культури і спорту на регіональному рівні. Встановлено, що сучасною тенденцією є перехід від спеціальних управлінських технологій до комплексних самовідтворюваних. Мета дослідження – проаналізувати ресурсний потенціал розвитку сфери фізичної культури і спорту на регіональному рівні (на прикладі Одеської області). Методи дослідження. Теоретичну та методологічну основу дослідження становлять фундаментальні положення теорії державного управління, державно-управлінських аспектів сфери фізичної культури і спорту на регіональному рівні із застосуванням аналізу літературних джерел, аналізу документів (звіт 2-ФК, аналітична записка «Про стан реалізації на регіональному рівні державної політики з питань фізичної культури та спорту в Одеській області» (2023 р.), Міська цільова програма «Розвиток фізичної культури та спорту в м. Одесі на 2020–2023 роки», Стратегія розвитку Одеської області на період 2021–2027 року, Обласна комплексна програма розвитку фізичної культури і спорту в Одеській області на 2022–2024 роки); системного підходу; системного аналізу; організаційного аналізу; організаційного діагнозу. Підбір методів зумовлено складністю явища, що досліджувалося, та характером виконуваних завдань (аналіз та проєктування процесів оптимізації системи управління на рівні територіальних громад). За результатами організаційного аналізу та організаційного діагнозу нами було виявлено організаційні резерви забезпечення розвитку сфери фізичної культури і спорту в Одеській області. Результати дослідження. Визначено пріоритетні напрями розвитку сфери фізичної культури і спорту в Одеській області. Запропоновано підхід до оптимізації управління розвитком сфери фізичної культури і спорту на регіональному рівні за рахунок використання комплексної технології управління ресурсним потенціалом як сукупності цілеспрямованих, ієрархічно впорядкованих, скоординованих у часі та за ресурсами, раціональних управлінських процедур, що відповідають стану зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовища фізкультурно-спортивних організацій та реалізуються в межах комплексу функцій менеджменту завдяки застосуванню специфічних інструментів та методів.
Strategi komunikasi pemasaran digital melalui akun Instagram @Critoe_
Authors: Fiisabilillah Arsyi Falaq , Sugiana Dadang , Trulline Putri
Published: November 2023

Latar Belakang: Kini pandemi telah mereda, namun bersama meredanya pandemi persaingan bisnis kedai kopi dalam strategi digital marketing nya pun semakin ketat. dibutuhkan strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang tepat hingga mencapai peningkatan, baik dalam pengenalan produk dan penjualan. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui strategi pemasaran digital yang dilakukan oleh Critoe Coffee Bandung melalui akun instagramnya @Critoe_. Metode: Pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian studi kasus deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang akan dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah in-depth interview, studi literatur, dokumentasi dan observasi. Objek dalam penelitian ini adalah Instagram dari online shop @Critoe_. Subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu Head of Social Media Marketing @Critoe_, owner, dan social media officer @Critoe_. Hasil penelitian: Strategi komunikasi pemasaran digital yang dilakukan oleh Critoe yaitu dengan memaksimalkan pemanfaatan fitur Instagram, melakukan endorsement, melakukan analisis masalah, membuat perencanaan strategi, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi serta konsisten membuat konten dan kegiatan yang menjalin hubungan dengan konsumen dari Critoe.
Pengaruh sikap, norma subjektif, dan persepsi kontrol perilaku terhadap kepuasan publik Scarlett Whitening
Authors: Kautsar Marwa , Dida Susanne , Nugraha Aat Ruchiat
Published: November 2023

Latar Belakang: Di tengah maraknya topik inklusivitas kecantikan, produk dengan klaim mencerahkan atau memutihkan kulit masih digandrungi publik. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh sikap, norma subjektif, dan persepsi kontrol perilaku, terhadap kepuasan yang dimediasi oleh brand image Scarlett Whitening. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan Theory of Planned Behavior dengan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dan inferensial. Hasil: (1) Sikap berpengaruh terhadap brand image, di mana semakin tinggi keinginan untuk mencapai warna kulit cerah, maka semakin baik kesan untuk Scarlett Whitening, (2) norma subjektif berpengaruh negatif terhadap brand image, yakni ketika “memutihkan” semakin jarang digunakan sebagai fitur utama, maka brand image yang terbentuk pada Scarlett Whitening semakin baik, (3) persepsi kontrol perilaku berpengaruh terhadap brand image, di mana produk Scarlett Whitening dianggap sebagai produk yang mudah dijangkau sehingga brand image yang terbentuk menjadi baik, (4) brand image berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan, yakni semakin tinggi brand image maka semakin tinggi kepuasan, (5) sikap memiliki pengaruh terhadap kepuasan melalui brand image di mana mediasi bersifat semu, (6) norma subjektif tidak berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan melalui brand image, dan (7) persepsi kontrol perilaku memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan Scarlett Whitening. Penting untuk menetapkan nama brand yang sesuai dengan citra yang diinginkan, serta mengadopsi strategi yang tepat untuk membangun brand image dan kepuasan secara berkelanjutan.
impolítico como ulterioridad.
Authors: Bialakowsky Guillermo
Published: November 2023

Este trabajo indaga en las raíces de la perspectiva impolítica de Roberto Esposito en Categorie dell’impolitico (1988). La hipótesis consiste en que la noción de impolítico como “más allá de Schmitt” resulta la estructura conceptual que vertebra la formulación de Esposito. A partir de esta interpretación, analizaré las implicancias filosóficas de la apropiación crítica de la posición schmittiana sobre el problema de la representación. Considero que, a partir de esta hipótesis, se comprenderá no sólo la relevancia de la categoría de “oltre” (“más allá”) en la argumentación de Esposito, sino también el sentido mismo de lo impolítico entendido como ulterioridad.
Palynostratigraphy of dinosaur bone-bearing deposits from the Upper Cretaceous of Western Bulgaria
Authors: Pavlishina Polina , Dochev Doche , Nikolov Vladimir , Yaneva Marlena , Konyovska Ralitsa
Published: November 2023

Palynological investigation of the Vrabchov dol locality (Western Bulgaria) which recently yielded fragmentary dinosaur bones attributed to the clade Titanosauria, reveals well-preserved sporomorph assemblages dominated by angiosperm pollen from the Normapolles group, spores and rare gymnosperms. The age assessment of the studied sequence is based on the diagnostic Normapolles species, such as Oculopollis orbicularis Góczán, 1964, Oculopollis zaklinskaiae Góczán, 1964, Krutzschipollis spatiosus Góczán in Góczán et al., 1967 and Krutzschipollis crassus (Góczán, 1964) Góczán in Góczán et al., 1967. The concurrent presence of these pollen species suggests a late Santonian–early Campanian age for the succession. The sporomorph association is encountered in a palynofacies dominated by continental elements, including translucent phytoclasts (tissues, wood remains and plant cuticles). The sedimentary succession shows no evidence of marine elements and a very low proportion of AOM that attests to deposition within a lagoonal to foreshore marine environment, with high continental input and short transportation. The vegetation in the studied area was primarily composed of a range of Normapolles-producing angiosperms and secondarily of pteridophyte spore-producing plants. Gymnosperms were rare. Such a vegetation pattern reflects a warm, seasonally dry climate during the late Santonian–earliest Campanian in the studied area. The dinosaurs inhabited a wet lowland area, probably rich in herbaceous plants.
Numerical and experimental modelling of slope stability and seepage water of earthfill dam
Authors: El-Hazek Alaa N. , Abdel-Mageed Neveen B. , Hadid Mohammed H.
Published: November 2023

In this paper, finite element modelling is employed for simulating and analysing seepage and slope stability of earthfill dam via GeoStudio software. Two products are employed, which are SLOPE/W for slope stability and SEEP/W for seepage analysis. The behaviour of earthfill dam with four different types of sandy soils having different values of hydraulic conductivity (K) has been studied. Different upstream (US) slopes of 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 and 1:3.5 for the earthfill dam are simulated. The downstream (DS) slope is constant at 1:2. The results showed for all the four types of soils that when the US slope is increased, the amount of seepage from the dam increases and the factor of safety (F) decreases. For each US slope, when K (type of soil) increases, both seepage and F increase. Fine sand soil is associated with less seepage and less F. Sixteen equations are obtained to predict both seepage and F with respect to US slope for each type of soil and K of the soil for US slope. An experimental model for earthfill dam is constructed in the laboratory of hydraulics, Benha University to investigate the seepage of water through earthfill dams. It is concluded that seepage decreased when K decreased, and when the US slope for each type of soil decreased. The seepage increased when K increased for each US slope. Seven equations are obtained to predict seepage with respect to US slope for each type of soil, and K for each US slope.
MgFe-doubled layers hydroxide intercalated with low cost local adsorbent using for removal of lead from aqueous solution
Authors: Abdul-Hameed Hayder M. , Al Juboury Maad F.
Published: November 2023

A new composite adsorbent was prepared by modifying low cost local adsorbent (LCL) using MgFe layered double hydroxide (LDH). This low cost local adsorbent was also prepared from the activation of date palm leaf derived from agricultural waste. In comparison to the low LCL, the adsorption capacity of the new composite adsorbent (LCL/MgFe-LDH) was improved. This was measured in terms of its ability to remove lead from wastewater. The Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the specific surface area by the (Brunauer, Emmett and Teller) theory (BET) tests were conducted for the characterisation of LCL and LCL/MgFe-LDH. The behaviour of the lead adsorption processes by using LCL/MgFe-LDH as adsorbent was investigated in batch experiments by examining different values of solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial Pb2+ concentration. High removal efficiency was exhibited by LCL/MgFe-LDH, a value almost double that of LCL. This was attributed to the increase in surface area of LCL/MgFe-LDH (79.7 m2·g–1) in contrast to the surface area of LCL (24.5 m2·g–1). The Freundlich equations and pseudo-second-order kinetics model were appropriate for the provision of adsorption equilibrium data for Pb2+ on adsorbents. These results reveal the great potential of the new composite adsorbent (LCL/MgFe-LDH) if applied to the absorption of heavy metal ions.
The use of the sluice gate discharge equations to estimate the volumetric flow rate in the irrigation channels
Authors: Kubrak Janusz , Kubrak Elżbieta
Published: November 2023

The paper attempts to assess the possibility of using typical check structures equipped with sluice gates to measure the volumetric flow rate in the irrigation channels. The submerged flow through the sluice gate was considered. Experimental tests on a model of typical check structure in 1:2 scale were carried out. The conducted analyzes confirmed the possibility of using discharge equation for submerged flow through the sluice gate to estimate the water flow rate in the irrigation channels. In order to obtain accurate values of flow rate, the downstream tailwater depth should be measured at the appropriate distance from the sluice gate. For different values of gate-opening height, the downstream water depth measurement locations allowing for a correct flow estimation were indicated. This approach might be useful in calibration of other designs of sluice gates for flow measurements.
A comparative study of artificial intelligence models for predicting monthly river suspended sediment load
Authors: Rezaei Khalil , Vadiati Meysam
Published: November 2023

When high precision modelling is required, for example, with the estimation of suspended sediment load (SSL), data-driven models are preferred over physically-based numerical models for their real-time, short-horizon prediction ability. The investigation of SSL, as an important index in engineering practices assessment, like design and operation of the hydraulic structures not only shows the hydrological behaviour of the river, but also illustrates the valuable information about the water quality deterioration, surface-groundwater interaction and land-use changes of the watershed. The following data-driven methods were compared in order to predict SSL at the Seyra gauging station on the Karaj River in Iran: Fuzzy logic (FL), two adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (i.e., ANFIS-GP and ANFIS-FCM models), an artificial neural network (ANN), and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). Monthly average river flow and SSL data for 50 years were obtained from the Tehran Regional Water Authority (TRWA). The data was first divided into training, validation and test sets and the SSL was then predicted using the ANN, FL, ANFIS, and LSSVM models. The reliability of the applied models was evaluated by the correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). The results showed that the ANFIS models outperformed the ANN, FL, and LSSVM models for predicting SSL using the given input and output data. Overall, the performances of the artificial intelligence models used in the present study were satisfac-tory in predicting the non-linear behaviour of the SSL.
Effect of the quality of shallow groundwaters on the occurrence of selected relic plant species of peatlands in the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland
Authors: Serafin Artur , Pogorzelec Magdalena , Bronowicka-Mielniczuk Urszula
Published: November 2023

The aim of the study was to compare the physical-chemical quality parameters of shallow groundwater quality in peat bogs of the Łęczna-Włodawa Lake District in the context of the occurrence of selected boreal species of plant relics: dwarfbirch (Betula humilis Schrank), downy willow (Salix lapponum L. ) and swamp willow (Salix myrtylloides L. ). Analyzes of shallow groundwater quality parameters included physical-chemical parameters: reaction (pH), electrolytic conductivity(EC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH4), nitrite nitrogen (NO2), nitrate nitrogen (NO3), total phosphorus (TP), phosphate (PO4), sulfate (SO2), sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and mag-nesium (Mg) by certified laboratory tests. It was found that the natural hydrochemical specification of peat bogs is characterized by fluctuations associated with the dynamics of internal metabolism of peat ecosystems without the visible impact of anthropopressure. This is confirmed by the concentration of nutrients: TNat the study sites were within a broad range of mean values: 16.92–45.31 mg·dm–3; NH4 (0.55–0.76 mg·dm–3); NO2 (0.06–4.33 mg·dm–3); and NO3 did not exceed 0.2 mg·dm–3, and concentration of TP adopted mean values in a range of 0.22–0.42 mg·dm–3. The studied physical-chemical factors of shallow groundwater were within the habitat preferences of the studied species, but in differentiated qualitative and quantitative ways determined optimal conditions for building the population of the studied species. Particularly values of TP lower than other obtained values in a range of: 0.08–0.32 mg·dm–3; PO4 = 0.1 mg·dm–3; TN = 2.2–21.2 mg·dm–3; NH4 = 0.1–0.46 mg·dm–3; DOC = 24.6–55.9 mg·dm–3, as well as higher than average pH values in a range of: 5.34–5.95 and concentration of Ca = 5.67–28.1 mg·dm–3 and Mg = 0.56–2.41 mg·dm–3, as well as EC = 72.1–142.3 μS·cm–1 can be treated as a condition favouring proper development of the population of dwarf birch. For Salix lapponum: a reduced level of values of nitrogen fractions (TN = 3.01–18.84 mg·dm–3; NH4 = 0.1–0.41 mg·dm–3), a reduced level of values of phosphorus fractions (TP = 0.09–0.44 mg·dm–3; PO4 = 0.1–0.44 mg·dm–3), part of ions (Ca = 4.39–19.63 mg·dm–3; Mg = 0.77–3.37 mg·dm–3), pH = 5.9–6.4, EC = 124–266 μS·cm–1 and DOC = 24.1–57.5 mg·dm–3. For the equally studied Salix myrtylloides, such conditions were met by: TP = 0.1–0.41 mg·dm–3; PO4 = 0.1–0.18 mg·dm–3, DOC = 27.5–50.9 mg·dm–3, pH = 5.3–5.94 andEC = 62.2–139.3 μS·cm–1.
Physical vulnerability to flood inundation: As the mitigation strategies design
Authors: Azmeri Azmeri , Yunita Halida , Safrida Safrida , Satria Indra , Jemi Faris Z.
Published: November 2023

Flood with intense rainfall and inadequate drainage system leads to flood inundation in residential areas, which in turn damages the housing components and causes a loss. The different level of flood inundation at various affected locations caused varying degrees of losses. This study aimed to identify the damage conditions and analysed the physical loss of the residential building components. The physical vulnerability level is influenced by two damage qualification: the structural and architectural damages. The third-order polynomial function approach produces the best model for both qualifications, yielding the smallest average of errors (RMSE) of 0.0187 for the structural quality and 0.0672 for the architectural quality. The amount of losses related to the architectural elements of the house is smaller compared to the structural one as it is not its main component. This approach is useful as a guide in determining the post-flood handling rehabilitation cost of both structural and architectural elements that will be more appropriate for future conditions. This information is essential as effective management to design flood disaster mitigation strategies and may serve as a basis for flood risk management.
Assessment of hydrological alteration from 1996 to 2017 in Brantas watershed, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Indarto Indarto , Andiananta Pradana Hendra , Wahyuningsih Sri , Umam Muhammad K.
Published: November 2023

Climate, land use, and land cover change can propagate alteration to the watershed environment. The interaction be-tween natural and human activities probably accelerates the change, a phenomenon that will generate serious environmental problems. This study aims to evaluate the change in the hydrological regime due to natural and human-induced processes. The study was conducted in Brantas watershed, Indonesia, which is the largest watershed in East Java. This area is populat-ed by more than 8 million inhabitants and is the most urbanized area in the region. An analysis of rainfall time series use to shows the change in natural phenomena. Two land-use maps at different time intervals were used to compare the rapid de-velopment of urbanization, and the discharge from two outlets of the sub-watersheds was employed to assess hydrological changes. The indicator of hydrological alteration (IHA) method was used to perform the analysis. The daily discharge data are from 1996 to 2017. The research results show an increase in flow (monthly, 1-day, 3-day, 7-day, 30-day, and 90-day flows) in the two sub-watersheds (Ploso and Kertosono) from the pre-period (1996–2006) to the post-period (2007–2017).
Assessment of the Hauterivian groundwater quality in zinc mining area for drinking and irrigation uses: Case of Chaabet el Hamra, Algeria
Authors: Kada Houria , Demdoum Abdslem
Published: November 2023

In order to evaluate the water quality of the Hauterivian groundwater in the zinc deposit of Chaabet el Hamra, Southern Setif region, Algeria, eighteen physico-chemical parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−, CO32−, NO3−, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, and heavy metals Zn, Pb, Fe, Cr, Cd, Mn were analyzed and collected from six different wells in April 2012. The studied groundwater is dominated by HCO3−, Ca2+, and Mg2+ ions. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and Algerian standards, all groundwater samples are considered safe and fit for drinking as they fall within the permissible limits. In addition, the Schoeller diagram confirms the best quality water of the Hauterivian groundwater. Gibbs diagram show that the predominant samples fall in the rock-water interaction field, suggesting that water-rock inter-actions are the major mechanism controlling groundwater chemistry. Assessment of groundwater samples using various water quality indices such as sodium absorption ratio (SAR), soluble sodium percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), magnesium hazard (MH) and Kelly ratio (KR) showed that the groundwater in the area has an excellent quality for irrigation purpose. According to Wilcox’s diagram, all groundwater samples fall in the C2S1 category, reflecting that they are suitable for irrigation.
Hydrographic characteristic of ponds distribution in Ukraine – Basin and regional features
Authors: Khilchevskyi Valentyn , Grebin Vasyl , Zabokrytska Myroslava , Zhovnir Viktoria , Bolbot Hanna , Plichko Liudmyla
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the research is to establish the total number of ponds in Ukraine and to analyse the territorial distribu-tion in the administrative areas, as well as in the river basin districts, as the main hydrographic units of water management. Cadastral data of the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine regional offices as of 2019 was used in the research (as to Crimea, Donetsk and Luhansk regions we applied the data as of 2014). According the researches there are 50,793 ponds in Ukraine with a total water table area of 2,92899 ha and the volume of 3,969.4 mln m3 of water in 2019. The quantitative distribution of ponds across Ukraine is unequal. Most of them are concentrated in the central part of the country (10.5% of the total number of ponds in the country are in Vinnytsia region). Least of them are in Luhansk region (0.7%). Almost half of the ponds are located in the Dnieper River Basin (48.5%). The lowest quantity of ponds is in the Black Sea Basin (1.2%). The regulation of river basins districts (the rivers of the Sea of Azov, Crimea and Black Sea Basins) reaches 0.71–0.77. As of 2019, 28% of the ponds are rented out. In order to identify the real status of the ponds (both quantitative and qualitative), their recreational role, the environmental impact and the regulation of the hydrographic network in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase the attention to ponds monitoring.
The impact of production of silver nanoparticles using soil fungi and its applications for reducing irrigation water salinity
Authors: Yaseen Rabaa , Kotp Yousra , Eissa Doaa
Published: November 2023

In the present work, the dried biomass of soil isolated fungus Eurotium cristatum was used for synthesizing silver na-noparticles (AgNPs). The synthesized AgNPs were spherical in shape with average diameter of 16.56 nm and displayed maximum absorbance at 418. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) study indicated the presence and binding of proteins with myco-produced silver nanoparticles. The optimum conditions for AgNPs biosynthesis were found to be at temperature of 40°C, pH of 8.0, substrate concentration of 500 ppm and fungal biomass wt. of 0.8 g. The AgNPs showed antibacterial ac-tivity against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri. AgNPs was built-in thin film nanocomposite (TFNC) membrane and the impacts of nanomaterial composition on membrane properties and de-salination process were studied. The AgNPs produced membrane TFNC had better filtration performances than pure thin film composite membrane TFC. The TFNC membrane had enhanced water flux (32.0 vs. 16.5 dm3∙m–2∙h–1) and advanced NaCl rejection (91.7 vs. 89%) compared to the TFC membrane. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of the irrigation with desalinated water on yield and productivity of essential oil of the sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and lavender (Lavandula multifida L.). The irrigation with desalinated water reduced significantly the soil reaction, soil electri-cal conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio and exchangeable sodium percent in rhizospheric soil, it also enhanced the growth and oil yield of both plants compared with those irrigated with salt water.
Streamflow prediction using data-driven models: Case study of Wadi Hounet, northwestern Algeria
Authors: Beddal Dalila , Achite Mohammed , Baahmed Djelloul
Published: November 2023

Streamflow modelling is a very important process in the management and planning of water resources. However, com-plex processes associated with the hydro-meteorological variables, such as non-stationarity, non-linearity, and randomness, make the streamflow prediction chaotic. The study developed multi linear regression (MLR) and back propagation neural network (BPNN) models to predict the streamflow of Wadi Hounet sub-basin in north-western Algeria using monthly hy-drometric data recorded between July 1983 and May 2016. The climatological inputs data are rainfall (P) and reference evapotranspiration (ETo) on a monthly scale. The outcomes for both BPNN and MLR models were evaluated using three statistical measurements: Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE), the coefficient of correlation (R) and root mean square error (RMSE). Predictive results revealed that the BPNN model exhibited good performance and accuracy in the prediction of streamflow over the MLR model during both training and validation phases. The outcomes demonstrated that BPNN-4 is the best performing model with the values of 0.885, 0.941 and 0.05 for NSE, R and RMSE, respectively. The highest NSE and R values and the lowest RMSE for both training and validation are an indication of the best network. Therefore, the BPNN model provides better prediction of the Hounet streamflow due to its capability to deal with complex nonlinearity procedures.
Climate change-oriented design: Living on the water. A new approach to architectural design
Authors: Januszkiewicz Krystyna , Gołębiewski Jakub I.
Published: November 2023

The paper deals with the digital architecture concept which is trying to introduce a new spatial language into the con-text of water urbanism, using nature as a model, measure and mentor. The first part analyses Biomimetics with its design strategies and methods. The Problem-Based Approach (designers look to nature for solutions) and the Solution-Based Ap-proach (biological knowledge influences human design) are defined here. In the second part of the research, the authors present selected examples to the topic. This case study has demonstrated that a new approach to architectural design is emerging. This approach redefines the process of architectural design, understood not as the traditional shaping of the ob-ject's form, but as a compilation of various factors resulting from changeable climate characteristics and ecology. The con-clusions emphasize that not only the contemporary understanding of ecology should be changed, but also the way architects approach the built environment, especially in the aquatic environment.
Structural, magnetic and adsorption characteristics of magnetically susceptible carbon sorbents based on natural raw materials
Authors: Soloviy Christina , Malovanyy Myroslav , Bordun Ihor , Ivashchyshyn Fedir , Borysiuk Anatoliy , Kulyk Yuriy
Published: November 2023

The article comprises synthesis of magnetically susceptible carbon sorbents based on bio raw materials – beet pulp. The synthesis was performed by one- and two-step methodology using FeCl3 as an activating agent. X-ray diffraction methods showed an increase in the distance between graphene layers to 3.7 Å in biocarbon synthesized by a two-step tech-nique and a slight decrease in inter-graphene distance to 3.55 Å for biocarbon synthesized by an one-step technique. In both magnetically susceptible samples, the Fe3O4 magnetite phase was identified. Biocarbon synthesized by a two-step technique is characterized by a microporous structure in which a significant volume fraction (about 35%) is made by pores of 2.2 and 5 nm radius. In the sample after a one-step synthesis, a significant increase in the fraction of pores with radii from 5 to 30 nm and a decrease in the proportion of pores with radii greater than 30 nm can be detected. Based on the analysis of low-angle X-ray scattering data, it is established that carbon without magnetic activation has the smallest specific area of 212 m2∙сm–3, carbon after one-stage synthesis has a slightly larger area of 280 m2∙сm–3, and after two-stage synthesis has the largest specific surface area in 480 m2∙сm–3. The adsorption isotherms of blue methylene have been studied. Biocarbon ob-tained by two-step synthesis has been shown to have significantly better adsorption properties than other synthesized bio-carbons. Isotherms have been analysed based on the Langmuir model.
Water level trends in the ponds of Siemianice Experimental Forest Farm
Authors: Stasik Rafał , Kęsicka Barbara , Korytowski Mariusz
Published: November 2023

The results of a long-term water level monitoring in three forest ponds are presented in the paper. The ponds are locat-ed in the Wielisławice and Laski forest districts in South Wielkopolska, Poland. Two of the analysed ponds are natural ones supplied by precipitation and the third now is disused artificial fishpond of throughflow water management. Systematic water level measurements, as well as measurement of basic meteorological conditions – precipitation and air temperature – were carried out in the 2000–2016 hydrological period. The basic statistics as well as the trends in long-time changes in water levels, were determined using the nonparametric Mann–Kendall test were calculated. The results obtained were sta-tistically inconclusive, but they indicated downward trends in water levels in the natural ponds and upward trends in water levels in the artificial pond. Although a statistically significant downward trend was observed in only one natural pond, it may suggest some negative changes occurring in the catchment of ponds in general.
Tax audit in innovative development of the energy sector of the economy: Gobal trends
Authors: Sembiyeva Lyazzat , Serikova Madina , Satymbekova Katira , Tulegenova Zhanat , Nurmaganbetova Begzat , Zhagyparova Aida
Published: November 2023

As part of the study, world fuel and energy were analysed. A model for the development of state tax audit in the framework of innovative economic development is proposed. As a methodological base, general scientific research methods were used, first of all, systems and integrated analysis methods to substantiate the essence of the state tax audit, to develop approaches to the analysis of its results, and also to determine development trends. The importance of modernizing the system based on the identified relationship between the level of innovative development and the volume of tax revenues is substantiated. The developed model is based on the assumption that the tax gap will be minimized by encouraging tax-payers to voluntarily fulfil their tax obligations. The necessity of creating a supranational body of state audit within the framework of integration processes is substantiated. The prospects for the development of Supreme Audit Institutions (SAIs) in the context of globalization have been outlined, including the creation of territorial standards for a state audit of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) countries.
Exergetic analysis of the chitosan-based treatment process for removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from seawater and sediments
Authors: Cantillo-Figueroa Maileth , Moreno-Sader Kariana A. , Gonzalez-Delgado Angel D.
Published: November 2023

The Bay of Cartagena (Colombia) is a site of commercial interest owing to its privileged location for maritime opera-tions; however, the discharge of wastewaters from industrial activities and domestic sewage are affecting the water quality, and consequently, the biodiversity of coastal ecosystems. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are found in sedi-ments and water of main ports, causing severe damage to the ecosystem. Thus, alternatives for the treatment of the Bay of Cartagena’s water and sediments are needed. In this paper, we performed the exergetic analysis of removing PAHs from water and sediments in the Bay of Cartagena using an adsorption-based treatment process with chitosan microbeads and magnetic nanoparticles (CM-TiO2/Fe3O4). The outcomes of exergy of utilities, irreversibilities and exergy losses were calculated us-ing process data and exergy of substances. The Aspen plus V10 software provided the physical exergies, while chemical exergies were gathered from the literature. Overall exergy efficiency of 0.3% was determined for the seawater and sediment treatment facility. A sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the impact and viability of different design alternatives.
Health implications of stream water contamination by industrial effluents in the Onitsha urban area of Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Okafor Uchenna P. , Obeta Michael C. , Ayadiuno Romanus U. , Onyekwelu Anthony C. , Asuoha Godson C. , Eze Eberechukwu J. , Orji-Okafor Chetachi E. , Igboeli Emeka E.
Published: November 2023

Nigeria has abundant surface and ground water resources many of which are polluted and can be detrimental to human health when consumed. This study investigated the effects of effluents discharged by industries into streams on the health of people who depend on stream water for domestic purposes in the Onitsha urban area of eastern Nigeria. Water samples collected from eleven discharge locations underwent physico-chemical and microbiological analyses. Data on the effects of industrial effluents on health were obtained from records in the public hospitals located in Onitsha as well as through ques-tionnaire surveys and field observations. The results of the analyses revealed that the effluents grossly degrade surface wa-ter bodies; several parameters (temperature, iron, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, lead, magnesium, total heterotrophic counts, total coliform group, pH) had values which were higher than the WHO (2011) safety limits for drinking water. The contamination of investigated streams by effluents had negative impact on the health of stream users. The discussion included health effects of polluted water and the prevalence of water borne or related diseases in the area. Implications of these findings were also discussed. Management measures capable of minimiz-ing contamination of surface water in the study area were suggested.
Hydrogeological monitoring of karst activity based on regime observations in the territory of karst lakes
Authors: Kuzichkin Oleg R. , Romanov Roman V. , Dorofeev Nikolay V. , Vasilyev Gleb S. , Grecheneva Anastasia V.
Published: November 2023

This article shows that the most sensitive indicator of local and regional karst activity in territories of apparent karst processes is the behaviour of karst lakes. The authors propose a hydrogeological monitoring methodology for the karst pro-cess based on the phase-measuring geoelectric control method in the coastal zone of karst lakes. The geoelectric current control of hydrogeological changes in the medium at local levels uses a multi-frequency vertical electric sounding com-bined with a phase-measuring method of registering the geoelectric signal. These proven methods permit to distinguish var-iations of spatial parameters and the electric conductivity of several layers at a time. Moreover, they significantly increase the noise resistance and sensitivity of the measuring system. An adaptive algorithm function of the measuring complex for geoelectric monitoring of karst lakes’ coastal zones was developed to control the operation of facilities and data collection systems. Based on an example of a lake where karst processes are active, the key zones of hydrogeological control were identified depending on karst manifestations. The research confirmed the possibility of local and regional monitoring of the development and forecasting of destructive karst-suffosion processes based on hydrogeological regime observations of karst lakes.
Use of fly larvae Hermetia illucens in poultry feeding: A review paper
Authors: Sverguzova Svetlana V. , Shaikhiev Ildar H. , Sapronova Zhanna A. , Fomina Ekaterina V. , Makridinа Yulia L.
Published: November 2023

The paper presents the review of scientific publications of world literature on the use of the larvae of black soldier fly ( Hermetia illucens) when feeding poultry. Nowadays, the issue of replacing traditional sources of protein when feeding poultry is very urgent, especially in connection with the global food crisis. Insects are the natural food of most birds; thus, the use of fly larvae for feed production has a biological basis. The research results presented in published works show that there are no negative effects on bird health and meat quality when feeding poultry, quail and other birds. In some cases, the experimental groups of birds gained weight slightly more slowly than the control group. Other reports indicate that birds grew at the same rate as normal birds. The quantity and quality of eggs did not differ significantly, but dietary changes affected the colour of yolks and eggshell. The effect of the addition of live larvae to the diet of young turkeys on the weight characteristics of was studied. Replacing 10% of the daily amount of feed with live Hermetia illucens larvae in the diet of turkeys showed that the daily feed intake and body weight gain of the experimental birds were significantly higher compared to the control groups, which led to a significantly higher body weight of chicks at the age of five weeks (2.19 kg vs. 2.015 kg, respectively) and a significantly lower feed conversion rate. Most researchers agree that replacing protein in poultry feed with insect flour should be partial, in the 15–30% range. Feeding with larvae that have undergone processing – grinding, chitin removing, heat treatment – is more preferable than using whole larvae, since the chitinous membrane makes larvae difficult to be digested in the digestive tract of birds.
Features of the surface water oxygen regime in the Ukrainian Polesie Region
Authors: Aristarkhova Ella O. , Fedoniuk Tetiana P. , Romanchuk Ludmila D. , Latushynskyi Sergii V. , Kot Iryna V.
Published: November 2023

The research analyzed seasonal changes of the oxygen regime and related indicators on the example of water objects of the Ukrainian Polesie Region. The region shows different directions of economic use. Zebrafish ( Danio rerio Hamilton–Buchanan) and the Prussian carp ( Carassius auratus gibelio Bloch) were used as test objects to investigate survival responses. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in water, pH values and temperatures were determined by standard methods. Based on research results, the main problems were determined pertaining to the oxygen regime of investigated waters, i.e. the increase in temperature and toxicity of the aquatic environment in the summer. A rather dangerous decrease in DO concentration, almost up to the levels of maximum allowable concentration (MAC) (4.10 mg∙dm–3 in group E1 and 6.07 mg∙dm–3 in group E2), was observed in August and it was typical for the reservoirs with a slow water movement. Flowing river waters (group E3) were eliminated due to their better aeration compared to other groups. The correlation analysis based on the presented data revealed a high and average degree of probable correlation between the DO concentration and water temperature, as well as an average degree of correlation with general toxicity determined on sensitive species of D. rerio, and in group E1 on the persistent species C. auratus gibelio as well. The interrelations and equations of the rectilinear regression can be used to predict the oxygen regime of the waters investigated and other surface waters having similar problems.
Floodway design affected by land use changes in an urbanized area
Authors: Suharyanto Agus , Devia Yatnanta P. , Wijatmiko Indradi
Published: November 2023

A flood occurs for many reasons, such as excessive rainfall, runoff coefficient, or an insufficient river channel capacity. The discharge flowing through the floodway depends on the maximum main river dimension that can be normalized. LU/LC changes are affected by runoff discharge, and runoff discharge is affected by the floodway design. The study dis-cusses the effect of land use (LU) or land cover (LC) changes and the design of floodway channel dimensions in the Kali Kemuning watershed, East Java Province, Indonesia. The Nakayasu synthetic unit hydrograph has been used to analyse the runoff discharge, and the Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System software analysed the hydraulic proper-ties of river and floodway channels. Results show that the floodway channel design is determined by LU/LC conditions, and the river channel is normalized toward its maximum dimensions. Normalized channel depths and widths vary from 4 to 7 m and 16 to 46 m, respectively. The floodway channel is rectangular, with a bottom width of 10 m and depth of 4.5 m. With the runoff coefficient equal to 0.75, these normalized channel and floodway dimensions are suitable for the flood up to the 100-year return period runoff discharge.