bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Improved Predictor-Corrector Guidance Algorithm for Reentry Glide Vehicle Based on Intelligent Flight Range Prediction and Adaptive Crossrange Corridor
Authors: Li Mingjie , Zhou Chijun , Shao Lei , Lei Humin , Luo Changxin
Published: November 2022

For traditional predictor-corrector guidance algorithm for reentry glide vehicle, it cost a lot of time to obtain predicted flight range with a slow speed to iterate. In this paper, according to residual network (ResNet)’s block and dynamic model of vehicle, through analyzing the characteristics of predicted flight range with constraints, the flight range prediction block and flight range prediction neural network are designed, which can obtain the predicted range accurately and quickly; then aiming at the separation between guidance logic and no-fly zone avoidance logic, which may lead to guidance failure and increasing of the sign variation number of the bank angle, the no-fly zone crossrange and the no-fly zone mapping crossrange are proposed in this paper. According the repulsion force of artificial potential field, an adaptive crossrange corridor combining guidance logic and no-fly zone avoidance logic is proposed, and the convergence of the corridor is analyzed theoretically. Through simulation, the block number of flight range prediction network is determined firstly. By this method, the efficiency of lateral guidance can be improved. Then, through the simulation with the different no-fly zones under different disturbed conditions, the stability and validity of the guidance method are verified. Finally, compared with other predictor-corrector algorithms, the proposed method can realize guidance with less sign variation number of bank angle and better avoidance for no-fly zones.
Chemicolome and Metabolome Profiling of Xieriga-4 Decoction, A Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Using the UPLC-QTOF/MS Approach
Authors: Ma Yuanyuan , Ma Ruiting , ZhiGui  , Sa QiLa , Zhao Na , Wurigumala  , Burentegusi  , Guo Zhigang , Tumenwuliji
Published: November 2022

Background. Xieriga-4 decoction (XRG-4) is a classic prescription Mongolian medicine that has potent diuretic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, its functional components remain unknown. Purpose. This study aimed to identify the chemical components in XRG-4 and its metabolome in vivo. Methods. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry based approach was proposed to systematically profile the chemicolome and metabolome of XRG-4. Result. A total of 106 constituents were identified in XRG-4. Eighty-nine components were identified in biological samples, including 78 in urine (24 prototypes and 54 metabolites), 26 in feces (19 prototypes and 7 metabolites), and 9 in plasma (5 prototypes and 4 metabolites). In other tissues, only a few compounds, including alkaloids and iridoids, were detected. Conclusion. This comprehensive investigation of the chemical and metabolic profiles of XRG-4 provides a scientific foundation for its quality control and administration of clinically-safe medication.
A Review on Current Synthetic Methods of 4-Aminoquinazoline Derivatives
Authors: Khabnadideh Soghra , Sadeghian Sara
Published: November 2022

Quinazoline scaffold and its various derivatives, as an important category of heterocyclic compounds, have received much attention for the design and development of new drugs due to their various pharmacological properties like anticancer, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-HIV, antileishmanial, anticoccidial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, antileukemic, and antimutagenic. Among the various substituted quinazolines, 4-aminoquinazoline scaffold, as a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry, is present in many approved drugs and biologically active compounds. Furthermore, 4-aminoquinazoline derivatives are often applied as key intermediates in the preparation of bioactive compounds. The current review focuses on the key methods for the preparation of 4-aminoquinazoline derivatives, including the nucleophilic substitution reaction, metal-catalyzed approaches, microwave irradiation methods, cyclocondensation, and direct amination methods.
Cellular Cancer Immunotherapy Development and Manufacturing in the Clinic
Authors: Fenton Graeme A. , Mitchell Duane A.
Published: November 2022

The transfusion of naturally derived or modified cellular therapies, referred to as adoptive cell therapy (ACT), has demonstrated clinical efficacy in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and metastatic melanoma. In addition, cellular vaccination, such as dendritic cell–based cancer vaccines, continues to be actively explored. The manufacturing of these therapies presents a considerable challenge to expanding the use of ACT as a viable treatment modality, particularly at academic production facilities. Furthermore, the expanding commercial interest in ACT presents new opportunities as well as strategic challenges for the future vision of cellular manufacturing in academic centers. Current trends in the production of ACT at tertiary care centers and prospects for improved manufacturing practices that will foster further clinical benefit are reviewed herein.
Monocytes: A Promising New TRAIL in Ovarian Cancer Cell Therapy
Authors: Chow Stephanie , Dorigo Oliver
Published: November 2022

Adoptive cell transfer of IFN-activated monocytes administered intraperitoneally to patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer demonstrated antitumor effects and acceptable tolerability. The exposure of monocytes to IFNα and IFNγ upregulated TRAIL, which triggered caspase 8 and direct cell-to-cell contact-dependent apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells.

See related article by Green et al., p. 349
Sub-Chronic Restraint Stress Suppresses Sexual Potency and Erection Efficiency by Targeting the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Testicular Axis and the Nitric Oxide/Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate/Phosphodiesterase 5α Pathway in Adult Rats
Authors: Yadav Anupam , Mishra Raghav Kumar
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Male sexual potency and vigor are a complex neuroendocrine process and an important component of well-being. Psychological stress is one of the leading causes of male impotence worldwide. Therefore, to better understand the effects of psychological stress on male sexual potency, vigor, and the physiology of erection, we used the rat restraint stress (RS) model, which can most aptly simulate psychological stress. Methods: Adult male SD rats were exposed to RS for 1.5 or 3 h/day for 30 days. Neuromodulators and hormones of sexual potency and penile erection were quantified using ELISA kit. The histoarchitecture of the penis was examined using Masson trichrome staining. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence were used to assess the expression and immunolocalization patterns of penile erection markers. To assess sexual potency and vigor, a noncontact erection and a copulatory test were performed. Results: RS exposure decreased the circulatory levels of gonadotropins and testosterone while increasing the serum corticosterone level. RS exposure altered the histomorphology of the penis by decreasing the smooth muscle/collagen ratio and increasing oxidative stress in penile tissue. Furthermore, RS adversely affected NO availability for penile erection by decreasing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and other erection facilitatory markers such as p-Akt, nNOS, eNOS, and cGMP, while increasing the inhibitory marker PDE5α in the penis. RS exposure significantly reduced the frequencies of mount, intromission, and ejaculation, whereas it prolonged sexual exhaustion by increasing latencies of postejaculatory mount, intromission, and ejaculation. Conclusion: The current findings suggest that psychological stressors, such as RS, cause erectile dysfunction in adult male rats by modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular axis, oxidative balance, penile fibrosis, and the NO/cGMP/PDE5α pathway of penile erection.
Evaluation of single cross maize hybrids during the spring season in Khairahani, Chitwan, Nepal
Authors: Rai Khushubu , Kulung Oshna , Bhandari Sudha , Singh Himani Gautam , Mahendra Tripathi
Published: November 2022

The experiment was conducted at Khairahani-5, Chitwan, Nepal from 28th February to 20th June 2021. Twenty single cross maize hybrids were evaluated for quantitative and qualitative traits. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were recorded on flowering traits, physiological and disease traits, agro-morphological traits, and yield and yield contributing traits. Analysis of variance showed significant differences in all traits except for root lodging, the number of plants per hectare, leaf senescence, and plant aspect. The result indicated that HGABS2-15-2-1B/RL174 had the shortest days to anthesis and silking. The genotype RML138/RML140 was found to have double cob. The longest cob was found in RML76/RML146 (17.3 cm), while the highest cob diameter was found in the Shrestha (5.1cm). The maximum number of grains per row was obtained from RML57/RL174, while the highest thousand-grain weight was obtained in RAMPUR HYBRID-10. Shrestha variety produced highest grain yield (9.954tha-1) followed by RML191/RML18 (9.41tha-1), CAH1715 (9.356tha-1) and RML4/RL111 (9.021tha-1). The traits with the highest broad-sense heritability were the number of rows per ear (79%), days to fifty percent silking (75%), days to fifty percent anthesis (72%), thousand-grain weight (70%), and grain yield (68%). Correlation studies suggested that the number of ears per hectare, cob length, and thousand-grain weight showed a positive and significant correlation with grain yield. Therefore, RML191/RML18, CAH1715, and RML4/RL111 showed better performance in terms of grain yield.
Do repúdio à aclamação, e o Recife conheceu a "incoerente" opereta
Authors: Ferraz Leidson Malan Monteiro de Castro
Published: November 2022

Este artigo lança luz sobre a presença da primeira companhia específica de operetas no Recife, a Bouffes Parisienses, no ano de 1867, que chocou o público pernambucano com as características de um novo gênero do teatro cômico musicado. Além das polêmicas levantadas, inclusive sobre o mau uso de subvenções públicas, a equipe motivou o gosto popular crescente da plateia recifense pelas operetas até sua consagração. O impacto dessa situação é traçado a partir de notícias, críticas e anúncios de jornais, em diálogo com artigos e livros voltados à história do teatro brasileiro.
Bibliografia sobre teatro no Distrito Federal do Brasil (1960-2021)
Authors: Carrijo Elizângela
Published: November 2022

O artigo apresenta um levantamento bibliográfico sobre as memórias e histórias do teatro no Distrito Federal do Brasil (DF), com resumo das obras publicadas entre 1960 e 2021. Ao longo do texto, as sínteses estão subdivididas em produções acadêmicas e não acadêmicas, num conjunto que é resultado das buscas em bibliotecas e bases de dados. Ao todo, as referências somam vinte e seis trabalhos que juntos fortalecem os debates culturais e artísticos do país.
Samb(Art)Istas e suas danças nos 30 anos de sambódromo do Anhembi: Thereza Santos
Authors: Manzini Yaskara Donizeti
Published: November 2022

Este texto propõe um olhar sobre as criações de Thereza Santos para comissões de frente quando atuou, na década de 1990, nas escolas de samba Camisa Verde e Branco e X-9 Paulistana em desfiles no sambódromo paulistano. Como metodologia foi usada bibliografia especializada e análise de desfiles carnavalescos da época. O objetivo é trazer visibilidade para o “saber-fazer” artístico dos desfiles contribuindo para a construção da história das danças negras paulistanas.
Endothelial Extracellular Signal‐Regulated Kinase/Thromboxane A2/Prostanoid Receptor Pathway Aggravates Endothelial Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance in a Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Sato Atsushi , Yumita Yusuke , Kagami Kazuki , Ishinoda Yuki , Kimura Toyokazu , Osaki Ayumu , Toya Takumi , Namba Takayuki , Endo Shogo , Ido Yasuo , Nagatomo Yuji , Satoh Yasushi , Adachi Takeshi
Published: November 2022

Background

Metabolic syndrome is characterized by insulin resistance, which impairs intracellular signaling pathways and endothelial NO bioactivity, leading to cardiovascular complications. Extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) is a major component of insulin signaling cascades that can be activated by many vasoactive peptides, hormones, and cytokines that are elevated in metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of endothelial ERK2 in vivo on NO bioactivity and insulin resistance in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome.

Methods and Results

Control and endothelial‐specific ERK2 knockout mice were fed a high‐fat/high‐sucrose diet (HFHSD) for 24 weeks. Systolic blood pressure, endothelial function, and glucose metabolism were investigated. Systolic blood pressure was lowered with increased NO products and decreased thromboxane A2/prostanoid (TP) products in HFHSD‐fed ERK2 knockout mice, and Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME) increased it to the levels observed in HFHSD‐fed controls. Acetylcholine‐induced relaxation of aortic rings was increased, and aortic superoxide level was lowered in HFHSD‐fed ERK2 knockout mice. S18886, an antagonist of the TP receptor, improved endothelial function and decreased superoxide level only in the rings from HFHSD‐fed controls. Glucose intolerance and the impaired insulin sensitivity were blunted in HFHSD‐fed ERK2 knockout mice without changes in body weight. In vivo, S18886 improved endothelial dysfunction, systolic blood pressure, fasting serum glucose and insulin levels, and suppressed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease scores only in HFHSD‐fed controls.

Conclusions

Endothelial ERK2 increased superoxide level and decreased NO bioactivity, resulting in the deterioration of endothelial function, insulin resistance, and steatohepatitis, which were improved by a TP receptor antagonist, in a mouse model of metabolic syndrome.
Trust in Medicine, the Health System & Public Health
Authors: Blendon Robert J. , Benson John M.
Published: November 2022

This essay reviews more than forty years of public opinion polling to look at trust in medicine, the health system, and public health. We use polling data to explore the reasons for the decline and current level of public trust in leaders of medicine and public health, including underlying forces such as the decline in trust in other institutions. Except for the military, none of the efforts to improve public trust in various institutions have been very successful to date. Given the uncertainty about how to restore trust, this essay makes a number of recommendations that might improve public trust in medicine and public health in the future.
A Comparison between 2D and 3D Rescaling Masks of Initial Condition Perturbation in a 3-km Storm-Scale Ensemble Prediction System
Authors: Deng Guo , Du Jun , Zhou Yushu , Yan Ling , Chen Jing , Chen Fajing , Li Hongqi , Wang Jingzhou
Published: November 2022

Using a 3-km regional ensemble prediction system (EPS), this study tested a three-dimensional (3D) rescaling mask for initial condition (IC) perturbation. Whether the 3D mask-based EPS improves ensemble forecasts over current two-dimensional (2D) mask-based EPS has been evaluated in three aspects: ensemble mean, spread, and probability. The forecasts of wind, temperature, geopotential height, sea level pressure, and precipitation were examined for a summer month (1–28 July 2018) and a winter month (1–27 February 2019) over a region in North China. The EPS was run twice per day (initiated at 0000 and 1200 UTC) to 36 h in forecast length, providing 56 warm-season forecast cases and 54 cold-season cases for verification. The warm and cold seasons are verified separately for comparison. The study found the following: 1) The vertical profile of IC perturbation becomes closer to that of analysis uncertainty with the 3D rescaling mask. 2) Ensemble performance is significantly improved in all three aspects. The biggest improvement is in the ensemble spread, followed by the probabilistic forecast, and the least improvement is in the ensemble mean forecast. Larger improvements are seen in the warm season than in the cold season. 3) More improvement is in the shorter time range (<24 h) than in the longer range. 4) Surface and lower-level variables are improved more than upper-level ones. 5) The underlying mechanism for the improvement has been investigated. Convective instability is found to be responsible for the spread increment and, thus, overall ensemble forecast improvement. Therefore, using a 3D rescaling mask is recommended for an EPS to increase its utility especially for shorter time range and surface weather elements.

Significant Statement

A weather prediction model is a complex system that consists of nonlinear differential equations. Small errors in either its inputs or model itself will grow with time during model integration, which will contaminate a forecast. To quantify such contamination (“uncertainty”) of a forecast, the ensemble forecasting technique is used. An ensemble of forecasts is a multiple of model runs at the same time but with slightly “perturbed” inputs or model versions. These small perturbations are supposed to represent true “uncertainty” in inputs or model representation. This study proposed a technique that makes a perturbation’s vertical structure more resemble real uncertainty (intrinsic error) in input data and confirmed that it can significantly improve ensemble forecast quality especially for a shorter time range and lower-level weather elements. It is found that convective instability is responsible for the improvement.
Does economic agglomeration improve agricultural green total factor productivity? Evidence from China's Yangtze river delta
Authors: Wang Fengting , Wang Hao , Liu Cong , Xiong Lichun , Kong Fanbin
Published: November 2022

Economic agglomeration plays an important role in China's social transformation process of industry feeding agriculture and urban supporting rural areas, and is one of the core weapons to promote agricultural economic growth and green and efficient development. Based on panel data of 41 cities in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) from 2010 to 2020, this paper constructs an “environment-resource-energy-economy” agricultural input-output system, taking into account carbon emissions and surface pollution, and provides a more comprehensive accounting of agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP), the non-linear effects of economic agglomeration on AGTFP and shock responses were empirically analyzed using a panel threshold model and a panel vector autoregression (VAR), respectively. The findings show that: (1) during the period 2010–2020, the AGTFP in the YRD showed an overall rising trend with regional spatial agglomeration characteristics. (2) Economic agglomeration has a triple threshold effect on AGTFP, which was a weak facilitative effect in the early stage, inhibited by the siphoning effect of resource loss and arable land fragmentation in the growth stage, promoted by the radiation effect of external increasing return to scale in the form of sharing, matching and learning in the maturity stage, and finally tends to decline. (3) The shock response of economic agglomeration to AGTFP showed a continuous positive shock, peaking in the first period and then gradually converging to zero. (4) The heterogeneity analysis demonstrated that economic agglomeration has a considerable impact on boosting AGTFP in non-metropolitan areas and cities on the outskirts of YRD. In the future, China should effectively play a positive role in economic agglomeration on AGTFP and enhance the mutual coordination of economic agglomeration and agricultural green development in the process of urban cluster economic growth.
Detecting Imperfect Substitution between Comparably Skilled Immigrants and Natives: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Lu Yunhe
Published: November 2022

Immigration economists often disagree about whether comparably skilled immigrants and natives are perfect substitutes in the United States and other developed countries, leading these scholars to different assessments of the labor market impacts of immigration and policy recommendations. This article attempts to provide theoretical bases for understanding the immigrant-native substitution and to introduce machine learning techniques to resolve the empirical debate. Using the male subsample from the US Census and American Community Survey, it shows that the difference in covariate selection explains substantial disagreements in estimating immigrant-native substitution. Given the difficulties in providing compelling theoretical justifications for covariates selected, this article proposes estimating via the Lasso-type (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) estimators. My Lasso-based estimation rejects perfect substitution, but it also implies easier substitution than that preferred by Ottaviano and Peri, suggesting more direct immigrant-native competition. By extending the sample to women, I find similar immigrant-native substitution across gender. Therefore, this article casts doubt on previous immigration impact assessments. Indeed, my simulation suggests considerable precision gains concerning the immigration's wage impacts on immigrants themselves. Furthermore, this article identifies immigrant segregation as a critical source of the national-level imperfect substitution, which decreases within progressively smaller regions and almost disappears in the same city. By introducing the Lasso-type estimators into migration studies, this article makes solid progress toward evaluating and understanding imperfect immigrant-native substitution and its socioeconomic consequences.
Recycling of used vegetable oils by powder adsorption
Authors: Mannu Alberto , Di Pietro Maria Enrica , Petretto Giacomo Luigi , Taleb Zoubida , Serouri Abdelhak , Taleb Safia , Sacchetti Alessandro , Mele Andrea
Published: November 2022

The treatment of used vegetable oil (UVO) with seven different adsorbents and through two different procedures (stirring and gravity filtration) was explored. Important differences in terms of density, turbidity, electrical resistance, free fatty acids (FFAs) content and relative fatty acid distribution were observed. Different outcomes were shown depending both on the adsorbent and on the procedure. Lower values of density and FFAs were registered for oils treated by gravity filtration with portland (respectively 0.6% and 0.81 g/ml) and celite (respectively 0.7% and 0.72 g/ml). Considering the undesired leaching from the powder to the oil, related to the turbidity, the celite resulted more suitable for the oil recycling (241 Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) for portland vs 184 NTU for celite). In addition, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis allowed to determine a chemical fingerprint relative characteristic of vegetable oils recycled by gravity or by adsorption by stirring.
The Structural Relationship of Family-Friendly Policies, Work-Life Balance, and Employee’ Subjective Wellbeing: Focusing on the Categorization of Family-Friendly Policies Based on the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) Model
Authors: Ko Myeong Chul
Published: November 2022

Although family-friendly policies (FFPs) accommodate the interests of both an organization and its employees, the extant literature has paid limited attention to how employee wellbeing can be a positive outcome of FFPs. Drawing on the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and spillover theory, this study examines the relationship between FFPs and employees’ subjective wellbeing (SWB) through their sense of work-life balance (WLB) and organizational commitment. Using a survey of 946 South Korean public employees and partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM), this study finds that FFPs are positively and indirectly associated with SWB via its influence on WLB and organizational commitment. The findings imply that through positive spillover effects, FFPs as job resources can generate greater organizational outcomes and better employee wellbeing.
Investigation of the microstructure, machinability and hole quality of AISI 1045 steel forged at different temperatures
Authors: Tekaüt İsmail
Published: November 2022

In this study, AISI 1045 steel material was hot forged at 1100, 1150, 1200 and 1250°C temperatures. The microstructure and hardness of the test specimens after forging were investigated. The non-forged samples and forged samples were drilled with 6.8 mm diameter solid tungsten carbide drills. Drilling tests were performed in 80 and 120 m/min cutting speed combinations and 0.15, 0.20 and 0.3 mm/rev feed rate. After drilling operations progress forces, surface roughness, roundness deviation, the deviation from cylindricity and taper were investigated. It has been determined that AISI 1045 steel consists of ferrite + pearlitic microstructure and its hardness increases due to the removal of microvoids and pores by forging. It was also determined that the hardness of the samples decreased due to the coarsening in grain size depending on the cooling time with the increase of the forging temperature. It was observed that the feed force obtained during the drilling of the untreated sample in the perforation process was less than the values obtained during the drilling of the hot forging process samples. However, it was found that the measured surface roughness, roundness, cylindricity and conicity values of an untreated sample were more than the hot forging treated sample. It was observed that this situation was caused by the difficulties experienced in sawdust evacuation due to the longer hole length of the untreated sample. Feed rates, surface roughness, roundness, cylindricity and taper values decreased with increasing forging temperature. This situation arises from the decrease in the feed rate due to the decrease in the hardness of the samples, which occurs with the increase in the forging temperature. With the hot forging process applied to the untreated A sample, the hardness values of the forged samples increased between about 8.7 and 10%. The increase in feed force was between 11 and 20%. Surface roughness, Circularity, Cylindricity and Taper values decreased between 40 and 98% compared to the untreated A sample.
Comparison of anal pre-cancer screening strategies among men who have sex with men
Authors: Sun Jing , Wiley Dorothy , Barrett Benjamin W , Hsu Hilary , Palella Frank J , Kwait Jennafer , Martinson Jeremy , D’Souza Gypsyamber
Published: November 2022

Purpose

Comparison of anal pre-cancer screening strategies in men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods

MSM in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study underwent repeated anal cytology (aCyt), oncogenic human papillomavirus (oncHPV) testing. A subset received High-Resolution Anoscopy (HRA). We evaluated three screening strategies for their ability to predict anal histological High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial lesion (HSIL): single aCyt, sequential aCyt, and oncHPV co-testing. Multivariable logistic regression models evaluated risk of HSIL among participants undergoing HRA within 5 years of screening. Sensitivity and specificity were estimated among participants with HRA, and results corrected for verification bias using weighted generalized estimating equations.

Results

There were 1426 MSM with aCyt screening (48% people with HIV [PWH]) and 428 that underwent HRA. Median age was 57 years, 14% of PWH had CD4< 350 cells/mm3. HSIL probability was higher in MSM with one (39%, p < 0.01) or two abnormal aCyt results (46%, p < 0.01), versus those with normal aCyt (23–24%). Among men with abnormal aCyt, men with oncHPV+ had significantly higher risk than those who were oncHPV- (47% vs. 16%, p < 0.01). Specificity was modest with single aCyt+ (50%) but increased with sequential aCyt+ (79%) or oncHPV+ (67%). Sensitivity was high with single oncHPV+ (88%), moderate with single aCyt+ (66%) and oncHPV+ co-testing (61%), and low with sequential aCyt+ (39%). After correcting for potential verification bias, specificity increased and sensitivity decreased, but inferences were similar.

Conclusion

None of the screening strategies evaluated had both sufficient specificity and sensitivity to warrant routine widespread use.
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Gamma as Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients
Authors: Ismail Mohamed A. , Sorio Claudio , Al-Dewik Nader
Published: November 2022

The worldwide CML incidence expects 100,000 patients every year thus representing a substantial health burden. A year 2000 is notable year, where Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) had been introduced to the CML treatment plan. However, despite the dramatically reduce in mortality rate of CML patients due to TKIs, still over 25% of CML patients need to switch TKIs at least once during treatment timeline for many reasons. On the other hand, PTPRG behave as a tumor suppressor gene in different neoplasms and is strongly down-regulated in CML patients. We discussed briefly in series of articles the possible reasons of it is down regulation. Here, we discuss its role as potential therapeutic target in treatment plan.
Long Term Recidivism Rates Among Individuals at High Risk to Sexually Reoffend
Authors: Hanson R. Karl , Lee Seung C. , Thornton David
Published: November 2022

Preventive detention provisions in the US and Canada assume we can identify, in advance, individuals at high risk for sexual recidivism. To test this assumption, 377 adult males with a history of sexual offending were followed for 20 years using Canadian national criminal history records and Internet searches. Using previously collected information, a high risk/high need (HRHN) subgroup was identified based on an unusually high levels of criminogenic needs ( n = 190, average age of 38 years; 83% White, 13% Indigenous, 4% other). A well above average subgroup of 99 individuals was then identified based on high Static-99R (6+) and Static-2002R (7+) scores. In the HRHN group, 40% reoffended sexually. STATIC HRHN norms overestimated sexual recidivism at 5 years (Static-99R, E/O = 1.44; Static-2002R, E/O = 1.72) but were well calibrated for longer follow-up periods (20 years: Static-99R, E/0 = 1.00; Static-2002R, E/O = 1.16). The overall sexual recidivism rate for the well above average subgroup was 52.1% after 20 years, and 74.3% for any violent recidivism. The highest risk individuals (top 1%) had rates in the 60%–70% range. We conclude that some individuals present a high risk for sexual recidivism, and can be identified using currently available methods.
Sibling Experiences of Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Scoping Review
Authors: Donagh Ben , Taylor Julie , al Mushaikhi Muna , Bradbury-Jones Caroline
Published: November 2022

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are traumatic events during childhood known to affect health and well-being across the life span. The detrimental impact ACEs have on children and young people is well-established. It is also known that 85 to 90% of children have at least one sibling. Using this as the foundation for our inquiry, the purpose of this scoping review was to understand what we currently know about the experiences of siblings living with ACEs. Sibling relationships are unique, and for some the most enduring of experiences. These relationships can be thought of as bonds held together by love and warmth; however, they can also provide scope for undesirable outcomes, such as escalation of conflicts and animosities. This scoping review was conducted following Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) methodological framework, complemented by the PAGER framework (Bradbury-Jones et al. 2021), offering a structured approach to the review’s analysis and reporting through presenting the Patterns, Advances, Gaps, and Evidence for practice and Research. In June 2020, we searched 12 databases, with 11,469 results. Articles were screened for eligibility by the review team leaving a total of 148 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. Included articles highlighted overwhelming evidence of older siblings shielding younger siblings, and the likelihood that when one sibling experiences adversity, other siblings will be experiencing it themselves or vicariously. The implications of this in practice are that support services and statutory bodies need to ensure considerations are given to all siblings when one has presented with experiencing childhood adversity, especially to older siblings who may take far more burden as regards care-giving and protection of younger siblings. Given that more than half of the included articles did not offer any theoretical understanding to sibling experiences of ACEs, this area is of importance for future research. Greater attention is also needed for research exploring different types of sibling relationships (full, step, half), and whether these influence the impact that ACEs have on children and young people.
Impact of Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacterial and Polymicrobial Infection on Wound Healing After Minor Forefoot Amputation in Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia With Infection
Authors: Kato Taku , Yanagiuchi Takashi , Hirano Keita , Imura Haruki , Matsubara Kunihiko , Hanabusa Katsuyuki , Ota Yutaro , Yamazaki Shinya , Ushimaru Shunpei , Yokoi Hirokazu
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between bacteriological findings and wound healing after minor amputation in the treatment of chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) with infection.

Methods:

This single-center retrospective study analyzed 135 consecutive limbs with tissue loss and infection from 120 patients who underwent endovascular therapy (EVT) and minor forefoot amputation for CLTI with wound infection between November 2017 and August 2021. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the rate of wound healing after the procedure. The Cox proportional-hazards model was used to examine the impact of bacteriological findings and baseline characteristics on wound healing.

Results:

The wound healing rate at 6 months was 72.6%. In a multivariate analysis, in addition to hemodialysis (hazard ratio [HR]=1.73; p=0.009) and amputation above the metatarsophalangeal (MP) joint (HR=1.81; p=0.006), antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infection (HR=1.80, p=0.004) and polymicrobial infection (H=1.51; p=0.049) were predictors of delayed wound healing.

Conclusion:

Antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infection, polymicrobial infection, hemodialysis, and amputation above the MP joint were independent predictors of delayed wound healing after EVT and minor forefoot amputation in patients with CLTI and bacterial wound infection.

Clinical Impact

In this single-center retrospective study, we analyzed 136 consecutive limbs with tissue loss and infection from 120 patients who underwent endovascular therapy and minor forefoot amputation for chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) with wound infection between November 2017 and August 2021. Our main findings were that antimicrobial-resistant bacterial infection, polymicrobial infection, hemodialysis, and amputation above the metatarsophalangeal joint were independent predictors of delayed wound healing after minor amputation. This is the first report of the association between bacteriological studies and wound healing in CLTI with infection, and will be of great help in the future clinical practice.
Application of wearable technologies for player motion analysis in racket sports: A systematic review
Authors: Rigozzi Chantelle Jean , Vio Gareth A , Poronnik Philip
Published: November 2022

The use of wearable devices for player motion analysis is becoming a popular method to measure kinematic parameters associated with player techniques in racket sports. This systematic review focused on identifying the current applications of wearable technology for player motion analysis in racket sports (tennis, table tennis, badminton and squash) through two research questions: (1) What are the existing applications of wearable technology for player motion analysis in racket sports? (2) What data analysis methods are used to quantify and evaluate player motion? A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTDiscus, Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE databases was undertaken following PRISMA reporting guidelines. Included studies must have only used external wearable technology mounted to either the player or the racket for the potential application of player motion analysis in a racket sport, tested the wearable technology under normal playing conditions and not only focused on detecting/classifying the player's stroke or activity movement. Of the 6616 articles found, a total of 15 studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Tennis and table tennis were the most popular sports researched and inertial measurement units and electromyography sensors were the most common types of sensors used. This review found that wearable devices were mainly used to analyze (1) movement similarities and differences of players at different playing levels, (2) variability in racket, upper limb and joint movement patterns and (3) movement differences associated with different ball spin levels. These technologies can create a new level of accessible personalized training in these sports.
Satisfaction with alemtuzumab in relapsing multiple sclerosis patients: Results from the real-world PRO-ACT study
Authors: Wray Sibyl , Jacques Francois , Miller Tamara A , Nicholas Jacqueline A , Arroyo Rafael , Travis Lori , Khatri Bhupendra , Chirieac Magdalena , Gandhi Roopali , Roesch Nora , Rodrigues Amelie , Melas-Melt Lydie , Rawlings Andreea M , Hunter Samuel F
Published: November 2022

Background

Patient-reported outcomes are increasingly used in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis to understand the patient's perspective of disease and treatment. These measures provide insights into important factors including treatment satisfaction, physical and psychological function, and quality of life.

Objective

To present results from the real-world PRO-ACT study in patients with multiple sclerosis who switched to alemtuzumab from another disease-modifying therapy.

Methods

This 24-month, prospective, multicenter, observational study had a primary endpoint of change in overall satisfaction, measured using the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) version 1.4. Secondary endpoints included the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale-29 (MSIS-29), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale-5 (MFIS-5), and the Patient-Determined Disease Steps (PDDS). Safety was monitored with adverse events (AEs).

Results

Of 199 enrolled patients, improvements were observed in mean TSQM scores for overall satisfaction (baseline, 50.3; year 2, + 13.2; p  < 0.0001), effectiveness (49.3 and + 12.2; p  < 0.0001), and side effects (77.6 and + 4.5; p  = 0.04). Improvements were also observed in MSIS-29 physical (52.4 and −6.0; p  < 0.0001), MSIS-29 psychological (53.4 and −7.0; p  = 0.0003), and MFIS-5 (12.8 and −1.7; p  < 0.0001). Most (95.0%) patients experienced ≥ 1 AE (88.4% mild, 67.8% moderate).

Conclusions

The primary endpoint was met; the safety of alemtuzumab was consistent with pivotal studies.
Similarities and differences in image projection of Korean universities across institutional types: A text mining analysis of university president messages
Authors: Lee Soo Jeung
Published: November 2022

The study aimed to explore university presidents’ messages (PMs), which encompass missions, visions and strategies, to examine how Korean universities display their image in response to various stakeholders. Assuming the missions, visions and strategies vary according to the characteristics of universities, this study analysed the PMs according to institutional types: (1) public and private universities; (2) metropolitan and local universities; and (3) top-ranked and mid-to low-ranked universities. This study collected 105 PMs from Korean universities on a large scale and applied a text mining analysis to calculate the frequencies of keywords, draw word clouds, analyse the degree of centrality of keywords and examine bigrams across university types. The results showed that Korean universities project their images in a relatively homogenous way, but there are differences in the ways universities project their images between public and private universities, metropolitan and local universities, and top-ranked and mid-to low-ranked universities.
Pattern of Injury in Polytrauma Compared to Single Limb Related Midfoot Fractures
Authors: Mason Lyndon W. , Mangwani Jitendra , Tanaka Hiro , Airey Grace L. , Chapman James , Kyaw Htin , Boksh Khalis , Elbannan Mamdouh M.
Published: November 2022

Category:

Trauma; Midfoot/Forefoot

Introduction/Purpose:

Midfoot fractures in polytrauma patients are often an under appreciated injury relative to their other major injuries sustained. In this study, our aim was to explore the mechanisms and patterns of injury in a polytrauma related midfoot fractures as compared to single limb injuries.

Methods:

Setting: Multicentre observational study Methods: Data was retrospectively collected from three centres on surgically treated midfoot fracture dislocations between 2011 and 2021. Radiographs were analysed using departmental PACS. All statistics was performed using SPSS 26.

Results:

A total of 212 cases were included in the study. Almost all polytrauma cases had occurred as the result of a fall from height or road traffic collision (RTC) (19/20). In single limb injuries, 32% (61/192) had also occurred as the result of fall from height or RTC. The most common mechanism for single limb midfoot fracture was a trip (79/192). Crush injuries only occurred in the single limb injury group in our cohort (n=21). Regarding patterns of injury, there was no significant difference in prevalence of medial column injury (p=.260), or central column injury (p=.704). There were significantly more lateral column injuries in the polytrauma group (75% vs 44%, p=.008), and the polytrauma group was exclusively fracture related compared to 17% of single limb injury having purely ligamentous injury (p=.047).

Conclusion:

Polytrauma related midfoot injuries have a higher prevalence of lateral column injury than the single limb injuries. Single limb injuries can however, have an equally significant force involved as polytrauma patients with over 50% occurring as the result of high velocity injury. A high index of suspicion should be maintained for midfoot injuries in high velocity mechanisms, regardless of other injuries sustained.
Cartiva Protocol
Authors: Mates Aaron
Published: November 2022

Category:

Midfoot/Forefoot

Introduction/Purpose:

Previous studies show mixed results for the use of a hydrogel synthetic cartilage implant (SCI) for the treatment of hallux rigidus. Independent retrospective reviews have put results into question with respect to outcomes and reproducibility. The purpose of this article is to report modification of patient-selection, implantation technique and postoperative protocols. Which may be necessary to improve patient outcomes.

Methods:

This was a retrospective chart review of patients undergoing hydrogel synthetic cartilage implant for the treatment of hallux rigidus from 2017 to 2021. Data collected included patient demographics, radiographic grading/alignment, and outcomes with respect to revision rate and complications. 50 patients, with an average age of (range,) years were analyzed. The average latest follow-up was (range,) months. None were diabetic or smokers.

Results:

All patients reported improvement upon follow-up, except 2 that reported continued stiffness and occasional pain. No patients required revision or adjuvant procedures to date. There were no infections or related complications.

Conclusion:

Modification of patient-selection, implantation technique and postoperative protocols should be considered for synthetic cartilage implantation for the treatment of hallux rigidus. In this review improved pain and outcomes at short and long term follow up were demonstrated. There were no reoperations, infections or conversions to fusions. With only two patients experiencing stiffens.
Early Results using a Locking Intramedullary Nail for Charcot Reconstruction
Authors: Mates Aaron , Jones Carroll P. , Davis W. Hodges , Loveland Jeffrey
Published: November 2022

Category:

Other; Basic Sciences/Biologics; Diabetes; Hindfoot; Trauma

Introduction/Purpose:

The goal for this review was to show the early results from a novel locking intramedullary nail within the medial column for use in the reconstruction of Charcot arthropathy. We hypothesized that the utilization of the locking intramedullary nail would lead to successful fusion and stabilization. Our primary aim was to assess the rate of fusion, with secondary aims of an acceptable reduction between pre- and postoperative Meary's angle, time to return to function, and safety.

Methods:

This case series was designed and implemented by JL and AM. Informed consent was obtained from all patients to allow their clinical data and images to be used for research. The authors examined all patients, collected all data for the study, and performed all surgical procedures at their respective sites. Additional patients were included from Carroll Jones, MD and W. Hodges Davis, MD. All chart and radiographic reviews were also performed by JL and AM. The Advarra Institutional Review Board (IRB; Columbia, MD) determined that this research was exempt from IRB oversight. This study was conducted in compliance with the ethical principles from the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and the International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines for Good Clinical Practice, along with the latest Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations.

Results:

With respect to safety, there were no intraoperative complications. Additionally, there were no instances of recurrent ulceration in those patients who had ulcerations preoperatively. There were no instances of hardware failure or limb loss in the case series. There were 3 adverse events (21.43%), all of which are to be considered major events that required operative intervention for resolution. There were 2 instances of wound dehiscence (14.29%) that required operative debridement and 1 instance of a stable partial nonunion along the medial column (7.14%) which was a braceable deformity (Table 3).

Conclusion:

Overall, this case series review of the use of a locking intramedullary nail in Charcot neuroarthropathy patients showed efficacy by rate fusion and time to weightbearing and safety by the low number of adverse events. The data show that the utilization of the locking intramedullary nail can lead to successful fusion and stabilization, even in these high-risk patients.