bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surgical Treatment is Still Recommended for Patients Over 75 Years with IA NSCLC: A Predictive Model Based on Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Database
Authors: Zhang Wenting , Liu Yafeng , Wu Jing , Wang Wenyang , Zhou Jiawei , Guo Jianqiang , Wang Qingsen , Zhang Xin , Xie Jun , Xing Yingru , Hu Dong
Published: December 2022

Background

To determine the populations who suitable for surgical treatment in elderly patients (age ≥ 75 y) with IA stage.

Methods

The clinical data of NSCLC patients diagnosed from 2010 to 2015 were collected from the SEER database and divided into surgery group (SG) and no-surgery groups (NSG). The confounders were balanced and differences in survival were compared between groups using PSM (Propensity score matching, PSM). Cox regression analysis was used to screen the independent factors that affect the Cancer-specific survival (CSS). The surgery group was defined as the patients who surgery-benefit and surgery-no benefit according to the median CSS of the no-surgery group, and then randomly divided into training and validation groups. A surgical benefit prediction model was constructed in the training and validation group. Finally, the model is evaluated using a variety of methods.

Results

A total of 7297 patients were included. Before PSM (SG: n = 3630; NSG: n = 3665) and after PSM (SG: n = 1725, NSG: n = 1725) confirmed that the CSS of the surgery group was longer than the no-surgery group (before PSM: 82 vs. 31 months, P < .0001; after PSM: 55 vs. 39 months, P < .0001). Independent prognostic factors included age, gender, race, marrital, tumor grade, histology, and surgery. In the surgery cohort after PSM, 1005 patients (58.27%) who survived for more than 39 months were defined as surgery beneficiaries, and the 720 patients (41.73%) were defined surgery-no beneficiaries. The surgery group was divided into training group 1207 (70%) and validation group 518 (30%). Independent prognostic factors were used to construct a prediction model. In training group (AUC = .678) and validation group (AUC = .622). Calibration curve and decision curve prove that the model has better performance.

Conclusions

This predictive model can well identify elderly patients with stage IA NSCLC who would benefit from surgery, thus providing a basis for clinical treatment decisions.
Neutering is not associated with early-onset urethral obstruction in cats
Authors: Sampaio Keytyanne de Oliveira , Silva-Junior Valdemiro Amaro da , de Sousa-Filho Reginaldo Pereira , Aleixo Grazielle Anahy de Sousa , Mori da Cunha Marina Gabriela Monteiro Carvalho , da Silva Ellen Cordeiro Bento
Published: December 2022

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between clinical aspects and urethral lesions with reproductive status and age at neutering in obstructed male cats.

Methods

All cats with compatible signs of urethral obstruction (UO) treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco from 2019 to 2021 were divided into three groups according to their reproductive status: intact; prepubertal neutered; and post-pubertal neutered. Cats with compatible signs of UO were selected for further analysis. Age, clinical signs, age at neutering and age of the first obstructive event were documented. Cats with recurrent obstructive urinary signs or urethral trauma that made catheterization impossible were referred for perineal urethrostomy. The morphology of the excised penises was assessed by histopathological analysis.

Results

Of 84 cats with signs of UO included in this study, 28.6% were classified as intact, 28.6% as prepubertal neutered and 42.8% as post-pubertal neutered. Intact cats had a significantly earlier onset of UO compared with prepubertal and post-pubertal neutered cats, as seen by the age at obstruction (3.6 vs 5.7 and 5.5 years, respectively). Similar clinical signs and histopathological lesions were observed in all groups. The main clinical signs observed were stranguria, hematuria and pollakiuria. All cats had some degree of injury in the penile urethra. The most common lesions were hemorrhage, fibrosis and congestion.

Conclusions and relevance

It appears that intact cats had an earlier onset of UO than neutered cats, regardless of age at neutering. Urethral histopathological lesions and clinical signs were similar in both groups. Pediatric neutering represents a useful tool in the control of abandoned and stray animals and the consequent dissemination of zoonoses, thus having a positive impact on public health.
Purtscher-like retinopathy in a patient with systemic tacrolimus vasculopathy
Authors: Di Maggio Alessandro , Volpi Nila , Marigliani Davide , Garosi Guido , Rollo Fabio , Ginanneschi Federica , Tosi Gian Marco , Fabiani Claudia
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Purtscher-like retinopathy is a rare occlusive retinal microangiopathy, whose pathogenesis has not been totally defined yet. Most frequent cause of Purtscher-like retinopathy is acute pancreatitis, but it may be triggered by other systemic or toxic conditions. We report herein a case of Purtscher-like retinopathy in the context of systemic tacrolimus vasculopathy.

Case report

A 56-years old male with history of kidney transplant was referred to local emergency room because of a global worsening of health conditions, with fatigue, muscular pain and diuresis contraction. During hospitalization the patient came to our attention for sudden and severe visual acuity impairment in both eyes. Extensive ophthalmological assessment, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography (FA) were performed disclosing a marked drop in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (20/200 in the right eye and 10/400 in the left eye) caused by a bilateral severe occlusive retinal microangiopathy complicated by diffuse retinal ischaemia and neovascular glaucoma. Muscular biopsy showed a necrotizing myopathy with autoimmune features, as indicated by conspicuous upregulation of MHC-I complex and microangiopathic changes, consistent with tacrolimus toxicity. Tacrolimus administration was interrupted, and intravenous glucocorticoids were administered. The large areas of retinal ischemia and neovascular glaucoma were treated with pan-retinal photocoagulation and intravitreal injections of bevacizumab with complete regression of iris neovascolarization. BCVA measured 20/200 in both eyes at last follow-up visit, 20 months after symptoms onset.

Conclusions

Purtscher-like retinopathy should be suspected in patients under treatment with calcineurin inhibitors especially in case of sudden and severe bilateral visual impairment.
Cerebrospinal fluid kappa free light chains for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hegen Harald , Walde Janette , Berek Klaus , Arrambide Georgina , Gnanapavan Sharmilee , Kaplan Batia , Khalil Michael , Saadeh Ruba , Teunissen Charlotte , Tumani Hayrettin , Villar Luisa M , Willrich Maria Alice V , Zetterberg Henrik , Deisenhammer Florian
Published: December 2022

Background:

Intrathecal immunoglobulin-G synthesis is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis (MS), which can be detected by oligoclonal IgG bands (OCB) or by κ-free light chains (κ-FLC) in cerebrospinal fluid.

Objective:

To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether κ-FLC index has similar diagnostic value to identify patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or MS compared to OCB, and to determine κ-FLC index cut-off.

Methods:

PubMed was searched for studies that assessed diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of κ-FLC index and OCB to discriminate CIS/MS patients from control subjects. Two reviewers following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines performed study eligibility assessment and data extraction. Findings from studies were analyzed with bivariate mixed models.

Results:

A total of 32 studies were included in the meta-analysis to evaluate diagnostic value of κ-FLC index. Sensitivity and specificity ranged from 52% to 100% (weighted average: 88%) and 69% to 100% (89%) for κ-FLC index and from 37% to 100% (85%) and 74% to 100% (92%) for OCB. Mean difference of sensitivity and specificity between κ-FLC index and OCB was 2 and −4 percentage points. Diagnostic accuracy determined by mixed models revealed no significant difference between κ-FLC index and OCB. A discriminatory cut-off for κ-FLC index was determined at 6.1.

Conclusion:

The findings indicate that κ-FLC index has similar diagnostic accuracy in MS as OCB.
Management approach including pembrolizumab for fingolimod-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Authors: Barritt Andrew W , Das Esther , Morley Nadine , Seymour Matthew , Saha Romi , Vera Jaime , Vundavalli Sriram , Dizdarevic Sabina , Nicholas Richard , Berger Joseph R , Fisniku Leonora K
Published: December 2022

A 62-year-old man with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis developed progressive multifocal leukencephalopathy (PML) after 6 years on fingolimod. The fingolimod was immediately discontinued and preexisting mirtazepine increased. Three weeks later, with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances worsening and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) JC virus (JCV) titres increasing, maraviroc was introduced. At 6 weeks, subtle punctate contrast enhancement raised the possibility of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), followed by a single focal-to-generalised tonic clonic seizure and a further deterioration in clinical disability. Mefloquine was commenced alongside three doses of pembrolizumab administered a month apart. Serial CSF examinations and several imaging modalities including spectroscopy and fused FDG-PET-MRI (18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose–positron emission tomography–magnetic resonance imaging) were used to help distinguish between PML, PML-IRIS and rebound MS activity and guide optimal management at each stage. A handful of small, enhancing ovoid lesions developed between the first two doses of pembrolizumab, probably representative of a mild rebound phenomenon. A sustained improvement became obvious thereafter with CSF JCV-DNA undetectable 16 weeks following fingolimod withdrawal. To our knowledge, this is the first case of combined therapy and use of pembrolizumab in a fingolimod-associated PML.
A figurational analysis of teachers and students as policy actors in policy enactment: ‘Integrated Learning Experiences’ in examinable physical education curriculum
Authors: Scanlon Dylan , MacPhail Ann , Calderón Antonio
Published: December 2022

Examinable physical education (i.e. physical education as a certificate subject in a high-stakes environment) has distinctive forms of practical and theoretical knowledge, and the concept of ‘integration’ has been identified as a means to bridge such forms of knowledge. This paper explores how teachers interpret, translate, and enact curriculum policy, particularly the notion of ‘integrated learning experiences’, and how students respond to ‘integrated learning experiences’ in the Irish examinable physical education curriculum. Figurational sociology was used to locate the teachers and students in a web of interdependent relationships and conceptualise them as ‘policy actors’. Through analysing a year-long data set of teacher and student qualitative data, this paper sheds light on how teachers and students ‘do’ policy work which we explicitly argue is influenced by the independencies within their figurations in the multi-layered policy enactment context. This paper contributes to our understanding of the policy enactment process and how teachers and students engage (or not) with the enactment of curriculum policy.
Clinician-administered performance-based tests via telehealth in people with chronic lower limb musculoskeletal disorders: Test–retest reliability and agreement with in-person assessment
Authors: Lawford Belinda J , Dobson Fiona , Bennell Kim L , Merolli Mark , Graham Bridget , Haber Travis , Teo Pek Ling , Mackenzie Dave , McManus Fiona , Lamb Karen E , Hinman Rana S
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Uptake of telehealth has surged, yet no previous studies have evaluated the clinimetric properties of clinician-administered performance-based tests of function, strength, and balance via telehealth in people with chronic lower limb musculoskeletal pain. This study investigated the: (i) test–retest reliability of performance-based tests via telehealth, and (ii) agreement between scores obtained via telehealth and in-person.

Methods

Fifty-seven adults aged ≥45 years with chronic lower limb musculoskeletal pain underwent three testing sessions: one in-person and two via videoconferencing. Tests included 30-s chair stand, 5-m fast-paced walk, stair climb, timed up and go, step test, timed single-leg stance, and calf raises. Test–retest reliability and agreement were assessed via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC; lower limit of 95% confidence interval (CI) ≥0.70 considered acceptable). ICCs were interpreted as poor (<0.5), moderate (0.5–0.75), good (0.75–0.9), or excellent (>0.9).

Results

Test–retest reliability was good-excellent with acceptable lower CI for stair climb test, timed up and go, right leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raises (ICC = 0.84–0.91, 95% CI lower limit = 0.71–0.79). Agreement between telehealth and in-person was good-excellent with acceptable lower CI for 30-s chair stand, left leg single-leg stance, and calf raises (ICC = 0.82–0.91, 95% CI lower limit = 0.71–0.85).

Discussion

Stair climb, timed up and go, right leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raise tests have acceptable reliability for use via telehealth in research and clinical practice. If re-testing via a different mode (telehealth/in-person), clinicians and researchers should consider using the 30-s chair stand test, left leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raise tests.
Motorcycle-related trauma in Ireland
Authors: Hession Enda , Sheehan Micheal , Brent Louise , Cronin John
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Motorcyclists are over-represented in collision statistics in Ireland. There is a lack of descriptive studies assessing the impact and injury pattern of this trauma cohort. This study examines this trauma subset using data collected by the Major Trauma Audit (MTA) by the National Office of Clinical Audit (NOCA) to identify patient demographics, injury mechanism and type, treatments received, and outcomes.

Methods

All motorcycle-related trauma cases recorded on the MTA, NOCA in Ireland for the period 2014 to 2019 were gathered and analysed.

Results

There were 704 cases identified; 94% of cases were male. The median (interquartile range (IQR)) age was 38.2 (26.7–49.7). There were 6.4% ( n = 45) aged 0–18 years, 88.2% ( n = 621) aged 18–64 and 5.4% ( n = 38) greater than 65 years. The median injury severity score (ISS) overall of this trauma cohort was 13 (IQR 9–24) but 306 patients (43.5%) had an ISS > 15. The most severe injury body region with 35.4% ( n = 249) was the limbs. Most patients arrived during the summer months with Sunday the highest day of attendance ( n = 181, 25.7%). May to August were the months with the most attendance ( n = 366, 52%). Most patients were discharged home ( n = 372, 52.8%) and 43.8% ( n = 308) required transfer to at least one other hospital for definitive care. There were 19 patients (2.7%) who died after arrival to hospital.

Conclusion

Motorcycle trauma predominantly affects a young male population with moderate severity injury characteristics. A significant proportion of patients present at weekends during the summer months, likely the result of recreational riding. A large cohort of patients requires transfer for definitive care, which has significant implications for trauma care pathways. National policies to enforce safety measures and public awareness for recreational motorcycle use may improve traffic safety and ultimately population health.
Longitudinal analysis of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio over time after major trauma
Authors: Qiu Yunfei , Fitzgerald Mark , Mitra Biswadev
Published: December 2022

Background

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio has been proposed as a marker of systemic inflammation in major trauma patients that is associated with in-hospital mortality. However, the initial neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio does not appear to be predictive of in-hospital mortality. The aim of this study is to determine the discriminative ability of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio profile over 48 h as a predictor of in-hospital mortality following major trauma.

Methods

This was a case-control study involving all major trauma patients meeting the criteria for inclusion into the Alfred Health Trauma Registry who presented directly from the scene of injury over a 24-month period. Patients were then divided into two groups, cases being major trauma patients who died at hospital discharge and controls being patients who survived. We extracted data for Day 0, Day 1 and Day 2 neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio values for each patient. The primary outcome was mortality at hospital discharge.

Results

Data were extracted for 1689 major trauma patients, of which 72% were male, the median age was 49 years (IQR 31–68) and most (90%) patients presented after a blunt mechanism of injury. There were 165 cases that were compared to 1524 controls. Patients who died were older ( p < 0.001), and had higher injury severity scores ( p < 0.001) and lower revised trauma scores ( p < 0.001). Analysis of response profiles demonstrated a significant difference between the trajectories of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio over time ( p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The profile of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio over 48 h after injury shows promise as a prognostic tool in trauma and warrants further investigation.
The Şalom newspaper in Turkey since its 1984 language transformation from Ladino to Turkish and the Turkish Jewish community
Authors: Uzer Umut
Published: December 2022

The linguistic Turkification of the dwindling Turkish Jewish community during the period of the Republic extended to its media outlets. The Şalom newspaper, published in Turkey since 1947, changed its language from Ladino (Judeo-Spanish) to Turkish in 1984. This article takes that change as the starting point for an examination of the place of the publication within the political framework of a nationalizing secular state as well as its recent Islamification. The paper’s content is reviewed through its archives and interviews with columnists. Thus, the recent history of a Jewish newspaper in a secular Muslim country has been meticulously researched and analyzed so as to unpack the relationship between language and identity.
Asymmetric spray characteristics of opposed-piston two-stroke gasoline direct injection engine
Authors: Ma Fukang , Xu Junfeng , Yang Wei , Li Feng , Li Yufeng , Zhang Jianwei
Published: December 2022

The opposed-piston two-stroke (OP2S) gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine has a larger stroke-bore ratio than conventional piston-rod-crank engine, and its fuel injector and spark plug are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder liner, which puts forward new requirements for the distribution of spray and mixture formation. In this paper, an asymmetric spray method is designed on the intake and exhaust sides with the cylinder center cross-section as the reference plane. AVL-FIRE software is used to simulate the effects of injection direction, timing, and pressure on the mixture formation and equivalence ratio distribution in asymmetric spraying process. While the injection angle of the intake and exhaust side affect the spray distribution, the increase of the injection angle of the intake side is beneficial to improve the mixture uniformity, and the increase of injection angle of the exhaust side will lead to the decrease of the evaporation rate. For the injection angle of intake side (α) = 30° and the injection angle of exhaust side (β) = 15°, the fuel evaporation rate is the highest. The fuel injection timing is 220°CA at 3000 rpm and 200°CA at 6000 rpm, which can improve the fuel evaporation rate, enhance the mixture uniformity and avoid the fuel short circuit. The injection pressure of 13 MPa is set to optimize the mixture formation at the speed of 6000 rpm. At part load, the effect of two-stage injection strategy with different injection timing and injection ratio on mixture stratification is studied based on optimized results. Research indicates that mixture distribution is effected by the second injection ratio and mixture uniformity is effected by the second injection timing. The first injection timing of 220°CA and the second injection timing at 270°CA with 20% total fuel quantity can reach the ideal in-cylinder mixture distribution of 50% load at 3000 rpm.
Cycle-based LQG knock control using identified exhaust temperature model
Authors: Tang Jian , Dai Wen , Archer Chad , Yi James , Zhu Guoming
Published: December 2022

Spark ignition engines are often desired to be operated close to their knock borderline when MBT (maximum brake torque) cannot be achieved for optimizing combustion efficiency. Under this circumstance, a calibrated baseline spark timing, along with other control parameters such as intake and exhaust valve timings, is found for the engine control system to maximize fuel economy, and a stochastic scheme can be used for the control based on a large number of history data. However, cycle-to-cycle combustion variations still exist, resulting in a relatively conservative baseline control. To reduce cycle-to-cycle combustion variations, a real-time cycle-wised knock compensation is required. The correlation between exhaust temperature at the current cycle and knock intensity at the next cycle was found in our earlier research. In this paper, a cycle-to-cycle spark timing compensation scheme is developed based on the measured exhaust temperature when the engine is operated close to its knock borderline. To make model-based control possible, [Formula: see text]-Markov COVER (COVariance Equivalent Realization) system identification was used to obtain a linearized engine exhaust system model from incremental spark timing to associated exhaust temperature and knock intensity. Accordingly, a Linear–Quadratic–Gaussian (LQG) controller is designed, based on the identified model, to minimize the knock intensity fluctuations based on incremental exhaust temperature variation. The LQG control strategy was integrated with the existing entire knock control architecture, where the baseline spark timing is generated based on the offline machine training with an online updating scheme developed earlier, and demonstrated experimentally. Note that the cycle-based compensation only adds incremental spark timing to the baseline control so that knock combustion variations can be reduced. Three test scenarios are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed cycle-to-cycle compensation scheme when the engine is knock-limited. With the help of cycle-to-cycle based compensation, it was demonstrated that engine spark timing can be further advanced about one crank degree while maintaining the same knock intensity up-limit due to reduced knock combustion variations. Note that this is corresponding to 0.5%–1.0% fuel economy for this engine when it is operated under knock condition.
The good life as accountable: Moralities of dress consumption in China and Romania
Authors: Tse Tommy , Gheorghiu Iulia
Published: December 2022

Practice theoretical approaches in consumption studies centre practices over practitioners, the material and mundane over the symbolic and embodied skill over individual choice. Pointing to practice theory’s neglect of the role of intersubjectivity and the deeply interactional character of performances in practice formation, this article relies on interviews with young urban consumers in China and Romania to explore dress practices in the two postsocialist locales in consumers’ pursuit of ‘the good life’. We reflect on the intertwining of consumption with this moral project grounded in both the materiality and sociality of dress. By centring performances, we rearticulate the relationship between normativity and accountability in materialising the everyday consumption norms. We tease out the meaningful role of interaction in maintaining and altering the boundaries of dress practices, and subjecting postsocialist consumers to processes of self- and mutual-monitoring on the way to attaining ‘the good life’. This comprehensive approach fruitfully complements the oft-criticised epistemological monism and theoretical imprecision of practice theory.
“We’ll dance harder and love deeper”: LGBTQIA+ resilience and resistance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Seelman Kristie L , Holloway Brendon T , MacIntyre Grace , Mynatt Elizabeth
Published: December 2022

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a global pandemic due to the rapid spread of COVID-19. Two years into the pandemic, there have been over one million COVID-19 deaths in the United States alone. While the pandemic has impacted everyone, the most extreme impacts have been experienced by marginalized communities, including those who identify as LGBTQIA+. Although LGBTQIA+ people have faced the negative impacts of the pandemic, the LGBTQIA+ community may be well equipped to navigate the COVID-19 pandemic due to the historic and current societal oppression this community has endured. Using both a resilience and resistance framework, the present study explores the resilience and resistance strategies employed by LGBTQIA+ adults in the Southeast U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic through the collection and analysis of monthly diary entries and video interviews. Findings show that resilience and resistance build on the knowledge base and histories of LGBTQIA+ people, and resilience and resistance have been re-imagined for this community during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the pandemic, many LGBTQIA+ people are dreaming of and re-imagining a better future, a future that social work educators and practitioners can help co-create.
Branched Neural Network based model for cutter wear prediction in machine tools
Authors: Kuo Ping-Huan , Cai Dian-Ying , Luan Po-Chien , Yau Her-Terng
Published: December 2022

Cutter wear has a great impact on machining quality, which is particularly true when demand for machining accuracy is high. Therefore, cutter wear analysis is critical in assuring high machining quality and long tool life. However, it is highly dangerous and difficult to monitor and determine tool wear conditions during machining. This paper proposes a method of real-time machining status monitoring using the data collected by external sensors without interfering with the machining process. A tool wear forecast model is introduced in this article. Multiple process parameters and sensor data are collected. Due to missing data, however, data preprocessing is done applying the interpolation or extrapolation approach and data are standardized in order to create an artificial intelligence-based model. The said model will then be used to forecast tool wear during different processing stages and be compared with other different models, such as: AdaBoost, Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, and Random Forest. The model developed in this study is based on a Branched Neural Network, which generates the best prediction results among all publicly available algorithms. This approach helps reduce the mean absolute error and root-mean-square error values and can improve by 0.11 in R2.
Does Politicians’ Negative Social Media Communication Backfire? A Case Study of Former US President Trump
Authors: Lin Hsuan-Yu (Shane)
Published: December 2022

Does posting negative social media messages incur costs to politicians in a polarized society? While extant literature finds that politicians’ negative rhetoric on social media increases audience engagement, this seemingly positive feedback from social media users will, in fact, amplify the real cost. Leveraging a YouGov dataset and applying Natural Language Processing techniques, I find novel evidence that negative social media messages by the political elite do generate tangible costs to the political elite. Negative rhetoric, while increasing the spread of information, negatively impacts the audience’s evaluation of the content. This research also finds that the effect is mediated by policy topics. This research advances our understanding of the limitations of politicians’ negative messaging on social media and contributes to the debate about the effect of politicians’ negative social media communication, a growing political phenomenon in the United States and in democracies worldwide.
Challenges and Opportunities for Local Journalism in Reinventing Political Coverage
Authors: Vincent Subramaniam , Heider Don
Published: December 2022

The key argument of Calfano et al.’s monograph is this: Local TV news about politics does not and should not need to use the partisan coverage frames used by network TV outlets. Instead, the authors encourage local TV news to use policy, thematic, and human interest frames. They argue that such coverage is less likely to be ignored or dismissed as biased, especially by Republicans. We comment on the authors’ core argument, strengthen the direction of their findings, highlight a few gaps, and outline new opportunities for reinventing local political coverage in TV news. We note that the authors’ findings do demonstrate an opportunity for local TV news to intervene in the discourse on political issues in an emotionally and democratically more open manner. But for this to happen, additional considerations about the situation and journey ahead for local TV news must be taken into account. Our observations do not undermine any of the findings. They lay out the terrain ahead. We offer insights in three areas: Beats and Expertise, Polarization and Discourse, and Bringing Ethical Rigor to Human Interest Frames. We note that these are opportunities for new work that may help local political journalism find an ethical and sustainable identity apart from the hegemony of network television and the elite national newspapers.
Anterior Scalene Anomaly in a Patient With Arterial and Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Authors: Tucker Dominique L. , Freischlag Julie Ann
Published: December 2022

Compression of the neurovascular structures of the upper extremity as they pass through the thoracic outlet result in thoracic outlet syndrome. The myriad of symptoms associated with the syndrome vary based on the structure(s) compressed: the subclavian artery/vein or the inferior trunk of the brachial plexus. This is a common site of compression especially in the presence of upper extremity injury, overuse or anatomical abnormalities. Majority of patients present with neurogenic pain and weakness; herein, we present the case of a patient with symptoms of both arterial and neurogenic compression caused by aberrant anterior scalene anatomy. These patients are excellent surgical candidates for first rib resection and anterior scalenectomy. A transaxillary approach offers the clinician an adequate window to identify anatomical abnormalities intraoperatively and safely excise the first rib and anterior scalene muscle.
Is the Risk Perception Attitude Framework Associated with the Accuracy of Self-Reported vs Actual Cardiometabolic Risk and Physical Activity in Young Adults with Overweight/Obesity?
Authors: DiPietro Loretta , Rimal Rajiv , Tjaden Ashley H. , Bailey Caitlin P. , Napolitano Melissa A.
Published: December 2022

We examined the accuracy of perceived vs actual cardiometabolic risk and physical activity within the Risk Perception Attitude Framework (RPA). We analyzed baseline data from 343 young adults (23.3 ± 4.4 years) participating in a weight management clinical trial. Cardiometabolic risk factors were measured according to standard clinical procedures. A cardiometabolic risk score was created from five biomarkers according to whether or not a standard clinical risk cut point was exceeded. Physical activity was determined by ActiGraph and self-report. Perceived risk and physical activity self-efficacy were assessed by validated measures. The Proactive cluster (low perceived risk/high self-efficacy) was most accurate regarding actual vs perceived risk awareness (54%), while the Responsive cluster (high perceived risk/high self-efficacy) was the least accurate (16%). All RPA clusters underestimated their actual physical activity, self-reporting less than half the moderate-to-vigorous physical activity that was captured via accelerometry. The RPA Framework can identify young adults unlikely to be aware of their cardiometabolic risk. Given the growing prevalence of metabolic syndrome, efforts early in adulthood to increase knowledge and awareness of cardiometabolic risk, and behaviors necessary to reduce that risk, can have substantial impact on future health.
A paradox of tournament seeding
Authors: Csató László
Published: December 2022

We analyse a mathematical model of seeding for sports contests with round-robin qualifying tournaments. The standard seeding system based on coefficients measuring the historical performance of the teams is shown to be unfair as it might potentially punish a team for its better results by having to face stronger opponents on average in the next stage. Major football competitions are revealed to suffer from this weakness. Incentive compatibility can be guaranteed by providing each qualified team with the highest coefficient of all teams that are ranked lower in its qualifying tournament for seeding purposes. Our proposal is illustrated by the 2020/21 UEFA Champions League.
The role of collective efficacy in shaping behavioral responses to fear of crime
Authors: Dulin Adam
Published: December 2022

This present work examines functional and dysfunctional behavioral responses to fear of crime through a novel conceptualization of behavior that aims to further elucidate the behavioral component of fear. Two key variables of interest, anxiety and collective efficacy, are operationalized in fresh ways to examine their impact on the functional-dysfunctional continuum. It was hypothesized that anxiety will promote dysfunctional responses while actualized collective efficacy (through an action orientation lens) will promote functional responses. The hierarchical multinomial logistic regression model revealed that anxiety increased the likelihood of behavioral responses along the entire continuum while actualized collective efficacy increased the likelihood of functional responses.
Challenges of antagonistic memory: Scholars versus politics and war
Authors: Kasianov Georgiy
Published: December 2022

The essay reflects the impact of Russia’s war against Ukraine on memory studies. The politics of remembrance has become an integral part of the war, and scholars find themselves in a situation where they have to choose: to go to the front of the battle of remembrance or to try to continue their research in a purely academic way. This choice is somewhat speculative since, in one way or another, they are involved either in justifying the war or in resisting the aggressor. However, the war has only sharpened existing problems of the relationship between science and politics: the utilitarian and irresponsible use of collective memory by politicians, the mimicry of propaganda as scientific knowledge, the intensification of antagonistic memory politics, and the pressure of politicians, and the state on scholars.
‘The primitive accumulation of capital and memory’: Mnemonic wars as national reconciliation discourse in (post-)Yugoslavia
Authors: Kirn Gal
Published: December 2022

The article elaborates on Marx’s concept of the so-called primitive accumulation of capital by extending it to the field of memory and introducing a new concept of the ‘primitive accumulation of memory’. The article argues that this concept gives us an innovative path to understand the relationship between memory and capital. To arrive at a more nuanced understanding of the break-up of Yugoslavia and its thoroughly revised memoryscape, this text combines a politicoeconomic analysis with the evaluation of memory-related ideological shifts that are in fact perceived as long-term mnemonic wars in (post-)Yugoslavia. The article analyses how nationalism and memory revisionism are internally linked to capitalist accumulation. More specifically, the article will observe how an ethnocentric mnemonic war sought to openly negate the socialist and anti-fascist past. Indeed, the creation of an anti-communist, and at times anti-antifascist, orientation was integral to the imagining of new nation-states. Juxtaposed to this creative and generative current of memory revisionism, the primitive accumulation of capital in post-Yugoslavia began with the ‘deaccumulation’ of social infrastructure and wealth, and with the dispossession of working people. The bigger the dispossession, the larger the nationalist accumulation of memory and displacement of class antagonism. Finally, the article discusses what at first glance seems to be a pacifying discourse of ‘national reconciliation’, which stoked a thorough revision of the public memory of World War II. This revision reconciled fascist collaborationists and anti-fascist Partisans, and it helped to challenge Yugoslavia’s anti-fascist consensus, while also framing the ethnic wars of the 1990s.
New constellations of mnemonic wars: An introduction
Authors: Saryusz-Wolska Magdalena , Wawrzyniak Joanna , Wóycicka Zofia
Published: December 2022

This special issue titled Mnemonic Wars: New Constellations has two objectives. First, it maps some of the current memory conflicts in different parts of the world, focusing on their topics and novel political, cultural and social constellations. Second, the issue problematizes how the different currents of revitalized national politics and globalization processes influence and sometimes even trigger memory wars. Who are the contemporary memory agents fostering confrontational memory politics? What tools, media and practices do they use to promote their interpretations of the past? How are these memory wars being played out internationally? In what ways do global developments, such as the spread of social media, the emergence of transnational memory politics or the establishment of transnational networks of memory activists, influence today’s memory conflicts? Finally, how do these discursive struggles translate into real-life conflicts? In their introductory article, the guest editors discern between the older and more recent approaches to research on memory conflicts and set the conceptual agenda for the entire issue.
‘Did my grandfather storm the beaches of Normandy for this shit?’ Mnemonic wars and digital games
Authors: Tschiggerl Martin
Published: December 2022

In the last 40 years, digital games have become an important negotiating space for experiencing historical worlds, and games with historical content enjoy an exceptionally high level of popularity. However, the way history is portrayed in these games has been the subject of heated controversy. These conflicts arise primarily around the question of what constitutes ‘authentic’ and thus ‘correct’ representations of the past and intensify when current ideological debates intersect with particularly emotionally charged collective memories. This article shows how collective memory can be contested when it becomes the object of ideological struggle.
Race, memory and implication in Tulsa’s Greenwood Rising
Authors: Sodaro Amy
Published: December 2022

This article analyses the new Greenwood Rising museum in Tulsa, Oklahoma, which tells the largely forgotten story of the 1921 Tulsa Race Massacre. Greenwood Rising is influenced by the broader global proliferation of memorial museums created to confront historical violence vis-à-vis today’s ‘politics of regret’ and works to centre slavery and racial inequality in American history as well as in contemporary society, representing a new intervention in the mnemonic struggles over slavery and its legacies in the United States. In its adherence to global memorial ethics, Greenwood Rising also places (White) visitors in the position of what Michael Rothberg has theorized as the ‘implicated subject’. However, Greenwood Rising has been highly controversial among Tulsa’s African American community, many of whom see the museum as a ‘symbolic gesture’ intended to obscure ongoing racism and replace material reparations. This controversy raises questions about the limits of memory in the face of ongoing injustice and highlights tensions between increasingly globalized ethics of remembrance and local mnemonic struggles.
The counter-boomerang effect of transnational revisionist activism on the memory of ‘comfort women’
Authors: Tsukamoto Sachiyo
Published: December 2022

This article focuses on the mechanism of the global memory politics revolving around the issue of ‘comfort women’, who were sexually exploited and abused by the Japanese military during the Asia-Pacific War (1931–1945). Informed by the ‘boomerang effect’ of transnational advocacy networks, this article analyses how the counter-boomerang effect of transnational denialist networks, both from above and below, has challenged the concerted efforts of moral memory activists in solidarity to disseminate the issue of ‘comfort women’ as one of universal human rights. It concludes that the revisionist network has adopted four tactics similar to those exercised by transnational advocacy networks – ‘information politics’ ‘symbolic politics’, ‘leverage politics’ and ‘accountability politics’ – however, their manoeuvres are totally different from those in the original boomerang effect.
First Death Involving 4-Fluoroethylphenidate (4F-EPH): Case Report, User Experiences, and Review of the Related Literature
Authors: Corkery John Martin , Schifano Fabrizio
Published: December 2022

Background:

4-Fluoroethylphenidate (4F-EPH) is a psychoactive substance, sold primarily over the Internet as a `research chemical'. Recreational and `functional' use of this drug has been reported by online user fora. Scientifically-based data on the pharmacological, physiological, psychopharmacological, toxicological, and epidemiological characteristics of this molecule is non-existent. The aim of this paper is to remedy this situation.

Methods:

Recent literature (including ’grey‘) was searched to update what is known about 4F-EPH, especially its toxicity. This was supplemented by netnographic examinations of internet sites.

Results:

The resultant information is presented, including details of the first reported death involving 4F-EPH use in 2016. There are no international controls imposed on 4F-EPH. However, it has been made a controlled drug in several European countries, including the United Kingdom since 31 May 2017, as well as Canada.

Conclusions:

It is vital that any other cases, including non-fatal overdoses, are documented so that a firmer scientific evidence-base can be established for this molecule. This will then help inform clinical practice.
Designing ‘Futures Studies Journeys’. Addressing Users of Futures Studies Using a Contingency Approach
Authors: van der Duin Patrick , Snijders Dhoya
Published: December 2022

The Dutch government has a large and diverse range of advisory councils and planning agencies that produce studies of the future as an input to the development of strategic government policy. The work of these organisations is important and relevant, as well as very diverse in terms of their approach to the future, the methodologies they use, and the topics on which they focus. In particular, they serve different users, who all use these studies for their own purposes. As a result, there is no ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to designing a futures study. To deal with this variety, we use a contingency approach with which we set up a framework presenting different ‘futures studies journeys’ that relate different user goals to different approaches to the future, to different phases in policy-processes in which the futures study is used, and to different methods to be employed.
‘Pushed from above and pushed from below’: Emotional labour and dual identities amongst senior probation officers in England and Wales
Authors: Westaby Chalen , Phillips Jake , Ainslie Sam , Fowler Andrew
Published: December 2022

Senior Probation Officer’s (SPOs) in England and Wales work at the ‘front and centre’ of the organisation’s hierarchy. They act as both manager and developer of frontline probation practitioners. Previous research has focused on the emotional labour undertaken by probation practitioners yet there is very little research on the emotional labour of SPOs, even though they must be skilful emotion managers of their own emotions and those they supervise. Using data gathered from interviews with 28 SPOs and managers across England and Wales, we analyse how SPOs’ emotions are ‘controlled’ by senior management, and how SPOs ‘control’ the emotions of frontline workers they supervise. SPOs attempts at managing emotions are resisted by their supervisees, and SPOs resist the emotional displays they are expected to present in their work role. We conclude by considering the impact of emotional labour on SPOs and how best to support them in their role.
Creating Effective Post-Pandemic Psychiatric Nursing Clinical Experiences Using the Roy Adaptation Model
Authors: Quidley-Rodriguez Narciso , de Tantillo Lila , Wolf Lindsay J.
Published: December 2022

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted students in psychiatric clinical rotations. Clinicals were frequently limited or canceled, restricting exposure of student nurses to this experience. Many modifications led to permanent changes in the psychiatric clinical setting.

Objectives

The purpose of this manuscript is to provide a cohesive approach to serving student nurses in the post-pandemic psychiatric clinical setting.

Methods

A theoretical exploration of the literature framed by the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) was conducted.

Discussion

Results are presented using the four modes of the theory: Physiological, Self-Concept, Role Function, and Interdependence.

Conclusions

Findings include strategies to enhance student learning while supporting students’ health and wellness. Educators and practitioners should provide high-quality, safe learning environments for student nurses.
Geographical detector-based assessment of multi-level explanatory powers of determinants on China’s medical-service resumption during the COVID-19 epidemic
Authors: Hu Bisong , Fu Sumeng , Luo Jin , Lin Hui , Yin Qian , Tao Vincent , Jiang Bin , Zuo Lijun , Meng Yu
Published: December 2022

Knowing the multi-level influences of determinants on medical-service resumptions is of great benefits to the policymaking for medical-service recovery at different levels of study units during the post-COVID-19 pandemic era. This article evaluated the hospital- and city-level resumptions of medical services in mainland China based on the data of location-based service (LBS) requests of mobile devices during the two time periods (December 2019 and from February 21 to March 18, 2020). We selected medical-service capacity, human movement, epidemic severity, and socioeconomic factors as the potential determinants on medical-service resumptions and then explicitly assessed their multi-level explanatory powers and the interactive effects of paired determinants using the geographical detector method. The results indicate that various determinants had different individual explanatory powers and interactive relationships/effects at different levels of medical-service resumptions. The current study provides a novel multi-level insight for assessing work resumption and individual/interactive influences of determinants, and considerable implications for regionalized recovery strategies of medical services.