bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Flipped Classroom terhadap Peningkatan Hasil Belajar SBdP Siswa Kelas III SDN Pasekan 03 Ambarawa
Authors: Noviandani Syela , Fakih Moh , Sarwono Ridha
Published: November 2023

The background of this research is that the performance test assignments that are done at home will certainly be made by the students' parents and the lack of time at school to carry out performance test activities which results in low student learning outcomes in SBdP learning. The formulation of the problem is whether there is an effect of the flipped classroom model on increasing the learning outcomes of SBdP grade III students at SDN Pasekan 03 Ambarawa Even Semester 2022/2023 Academic Year. This study aims to describe the effect of the flipped classroom model on improving the learning outcomes of SBdP grade III students at SDN Pasekan 03 Ambarawa Even Semester 2022/2023 Academic Year. The design used in this research is Post test-Only Control Design. The research population was all third grade students at SDN Pasekan 03 Ambarawa. The sampling technique in this study was by using a random class sampling technique or Cluster Random Sampling with a sample of 34 students (17 students in the Experiment class and 17 students in the Control class). This research was conducted from January to February 2023 at SDN Pasekan 03 Ambarawa. The variables studied included: the Flipped Classroom learning model and SBdP learning outcomes. Data collection techniques in this study are tests and observations. Data analysis used inferential analysis techniques to describe the effect of SBdP learning outcomes in the form of student performance tests. The results showed that: the Flipped Classroom model had an effect on student learning outcomes. This can be seen by the differences in learning outcomes in the control class and the experimental class. Learning outcomes in classes that use the Flipped Classroom model increase compared to the control class.Keywords: Flipped Classroom Model, SBdP learning outcomes
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Materi Aritmetika Sosial dan Aktivitas Belajar melalui Model Pembelajaran Problem Solving
Authors: Supardi Supardi
Published: November 2023

This study aims to: (1) improve the mathematics learning outcomes of Social Arithmetic material;(2) Improving student learning activities through problem solving learning models in class VII A of SMP Negeri 4 Ungaran. Classroom action research was conducted at SMP Negeri 4 Ungaran January-March 2019. Research subjects: 33 grade VII A students. Research results: (1) The application of problem solving learning models can improve mathematics learning outcomes. In the initial learning conditions, the average value was 63.83 with 38.46% learning completeness in the first cycle the average value was 68.59 with 56.41% learning completeness. In the second cycle the average value increased to 84.94 with a learning completeness of 87.18%. The average increase in learning outcomes is 16.35 and an increase in learning completeness is 30.77%. (2) The application of problem solving learning models can increase students' learning activities. Active learning of students in the first cycle 84.62% in the second cycle increased to 92.31%. The increase in student activity is 7.69%.Keywords: Activity, Problem Solving Learning Model
Pengaruh Penggunaan Platform Merdeka Mengajar terhadap Kesiapan Guru dalam Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Kartikasari Dewi , Puspitasari Nimas , Sarwono Ridha
Published: November 2023

In 2023, the independent curriculum will begin to be implemented in schools. Even though in its implementation there are still many obstacles. The Ministry of Education and Culture issued a policy regarding the use of the independent teaching platform (PMM) as a means that can support and facilitate teachers in preparing to implement the independent curriculum. This research aims to determine the effect of using the independent teaching platform (PMM) on teacher readiness in implementing the independent curriculum in the Gatot Subroto cluster environment, East Ungaran District, Semarang Regency.The research method used is quantitative research with a survey research design. The population of this research is all class teachers and subject teachers in schools that are members of the Gatot Subroto Korwilcam cluster for Education in East Ungaran District, totaling 68 people. The sample was selected by purposive sampling with a sample size of 24 teachers. This research was conducted in May 2023 in the Gatot Subroto cluster, East Ungaran District, Semarang Regency. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and documentation. The results of the simultaneous correlation calculation were 2.389, with a significance level of 0.05 and 0.136, indicating that there was no significant influence in the use of the independent teaching platform (PMM) on teacher readiness in implementing the independent curriculum.Keywords: Independent Teaching Platform (PMM), Implementation of the Independent Curriculum
MOTIVASI MAHASISWA MELANJUTKAN PENDIDIKAN KE IKIP MUHAMMADIYAH MAUMERE PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN EKONOMI ANGKATAN 2022
Authors: Arafat Yasir
Published: November 2023

Student Motivation to Continue Education at IKIP Muhammadiyah Maumere Economic Education Study Program Class of 2022. Paper. Maumere: Faculty of Education of Social Sciences and Humanities Maumere Muhammadiyah Institute, 2023. This study aims to determine the motivation among students of the IKIP Muhammadiyah Maumere Economic Education Study Program Class of 2022 in continuing their education. The subjects of this research were 10 students from batch 2022 of the Economics Education Study Program, IKIP Muhammadiyah Maumere. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The instruments used in this study were observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study show that there are two motivations for students who continue their education at the IKIP Muhammadiyah Maumere campus for the economic education study program class of 2022, in general there are two, namely motivation that is in accordance with ideals (goal direction), and motivation that is not in accordance with ideals. Differences in the motivation of students who continue their education at the IKIP Muhammadiyah Maumere program for economic education studies class of 2022 such as no initial motivation, different orientation, or other needs apart from the initial motivation gave birth to four different levels of needs, namely self-actualization, appreciation, social needs, and feeling safe.
Deschiderea patrimoniului către beneficiarii cu dizabilități cognitive. Studiu de caz - Muzeul Hărților din București
Authors: Zamfir Ioana
Published: November 2023

The theme of well-being and health through culture, heritage, and museums is already established in the European museum world, as evidenced by the fact that the International Council of Museums (ICOM) has proposed this theme as the objective for the year 2023. It is only natural, therefore, that at the national level, the subject generates discussions and interest. In this article, we aim to provide a case study regarding how this generous theme has been approached within a cultural institution in Bucharest. A small museum, but one that aims to constantly evolve, the Maps Museum has initiated a project in order to explore the impact of heritage on individuals with cognitive disabilities. An insight into this endeavour might be useful for other small but enterprising museums, by showcasing the developmental journey of the idea as well as the challenges encountered.
Sobrietatea digitală în muzee: conjugarea dezvoltării digitale și tranziția ecologică, misiune imposibilă?
Authors: Dragotă Oana
Published: November 2023

An integral part of our daily lives, the digital has been an essential part in new strategies formulated by museums and cultural institutions around the world in the context of the COVID-19 crisis. On numerous occasions, various studies have analyzed the impact that the pandemic had on the digital transformation of museums and other cultural spaces. A vector of democratization and inclusion, the digital offers unique aesthetic experiences, and technology is the spearhead launched by many museums to outreach new audiences. However, the acceleration of digital content opens up new issues and raises multiple questions, especially on the environmental and social impact. The digital is responsible for about 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions. These issues are more relevant now that some museums are actively reflecting on whether to integrate or not NFTs (non-fungible tokens) or explore the metaverse. Can digital development be combined with the ecological responsibility approach in the case of cultural institutions? How can we build environmentally friendly digital strategies? What measures can museums take, in terms of digital impact, to plan for a sustainable future and limit global warming to 2° C? This article provides an introduction to the notion of digital sobriety and some practical ideas on how it can be adapted to museums, gathering reflections and examples of good practice, developed by cultural organizations around the world.
Valorificarea patrimoniului imagistic local clujean în Europeana. Biblioteca digitală europeană
Authors: Cosma Ghizela , Docolin Anca Ioana
Published: November 2023

This study identified and analyzed visual resources, more precisely photographs and postcards, with images from Cluj-Napoca, that were digitized and posted on Europeana. European Digital Library by libraries, museums, archives, a cultural center and a community-based photo archive from Romania, Hungary, Austria, Sweden and Italy. Moreover, it provides a research model on the topic, focusing on the scientific potential of the existing digital resources in Europeana. It highlights the importance of the digitization of the cultural heritage, building a digital repository that offers both a general, European perspective, as well as segmental, national, regional and local approaches. The research on Cluj cultural heritage in Europeana reveals the importance of the collaboration among the memory institutions in preserving and facilitating access to their collections in general, and to their local history documents in particular, reconfirming that digitization is an area where collaboration is feasible and with surprising benefits.
Relocarea colecției Muzeului de Etnografie Universală Franz Binder din cadrul Complexului Național Muzeal ASTRA. Un demers planificat în granițele conservării preventive
Authors: Bernath-Doncuțiu Andrea , Halcea Doina
Published: November 2023

In 2019, the non-European movable cultural heritage belonging to the Franz Binder Museum was relocated in Sibiu, from the Hermes House (no. 11, Piața Mică), to the ASTRA Centre for Heritage (no. 20, Pădurea Dumbrava). In this context, the department of collection care of the ASTRA National Museum Complex, which is mainly responsible for the preventive conservation and administration of the museum’s cultural heritage, was entrusted with the task of carrying out the project. The actual period, from planning, organising, and preparation to the completion of the transport, lasted four months, and the action involved moving almost 4.000 ethnographic objects. With a focus on the planning and packing side, the case study describes in detail the steps taken, providing a benchmark and a model of good practice for those who might be facing a similar challenge.
Reflecții despre activismul în muzee de artă
Authors: Bran Delia , Bonciu Laura
Published: November 2023

The article is a critical reflection on the situation that European museums of art were confronted with in 2022 on the acts of activism on art museums paintings. Following the act of the Just stop oil girls in London October 2022 the world started talking on the topic of „vandalism on art” and „activism in museums”. The article has 3 parts, first with describing facts, a short view of the situation, second with an art historian’s critical views and analyses of then and third with the activist views on the problem. All the reflections are adapted to the Romanian context, so the article both describes the context and gives some opinions on the present situation.
Declinul laboratoarelor de investigații fizico-chimice și condiția ultimilor investigatori
Authors: Petroviciu Irina
Published: November 2023

Heritage science and conservation science represent interdisciplinary fields that weave together exact sciences (chemistry, physics, biology, geology) and humanistic sciences, thus providing essential information for researching, recording, classifying, preserving, restoring and enhancing cultural heritage for exhibition purposes. Unfortunately, only 13 scientific investigators (physical-chemical investigations) certified as experts currently work in the Romanian museum network and, according to the author’s knowledge, about 5 others are in training, extremely few relative to the mobile heritage they are responsible for studying. The situation is all the more worrying as the number of certified investigators is decreasing every year through retirements and transfers. The training of investigators requires many years of practice. The concern is also accentuated by the lack of posts, of specialist courses and of the equipment needed for investigations. Moreover, the museum investigator / researcher is omitted from the COR (Classification of Occupations in Romania), and the idea of investigation seems to be disappearing from the collective mind. Museum labels, exhibition catalogues, conservation-restoration events, museum databases do not include and are not based on research data, even when research results exist. These problems concern the entire museum network and the passivity of decisionmakers and specialists inevitably contributes to the deterioration of cultural heritage. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to draw attention on this situation, and to justify the importance of physicochemical investigations for the knowledge, conservation and enhancement of cultural heritage.
M. H. Maxy: de la avangardă la socialism
Authors: Spiridon Ioana-Cristina
Published: November 2023

„M. H. Maxy: from avant-garde to socialism”, opened on the 28th of December 2023 at the Romanian National Museum of Art, uses a chronological line of events to bring up to date the image of Max Herman Maxy (1895 – 1971), seen as a leading artist with a significant role in the Romanian Avant-garde, but also as the first director of the Romanian National Museum of Art. Subsequently, his contribution to the development of the national art scene can’t be denied in art history. Furthermore, the opening was carefully chosen to mark a symbolic anniversary of 145 years since the first Romanian Jew obtained his citizenship, therefore enhancing the role that the Jew community had in the bloom and spread of the Avant-garde in Europe. The exhibition has a tacit dialogue to the main artistic events which celebrate Timișoara as The Cultural Capital of Europe 2023, the retrospectives dedicated to Victor Brauner and Constantin Brâncuși, suggesting the main artistic pillars in the dawn of Modern Romania.
Determinants of Toilet Training Awareness among Mothers in Siddharthnagar Municipality of Rupandehi District, Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Sigma , Bhusal Chet Kant
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Toilet training if not trained can leads the children to experience psychological problems.  Mother’s alertness plays a very important role in toilet training which is vital for the better growth and development of a child. Thus the objective of the study was to find out the determinants of awareness regarding toilet training among mothers.

Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was carried out among 100 mothers of children aged 1-3 years using non- probability purposive sampling technique of Siddharthnagar Municipality, ward number 3, Rupandehi Nepal. Semi-structured interview schedule from 19th September to 3rdOctober 2021was used to collect data, which were analyzed using descriptive (frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi-square) with Statistical Package for Social Software version 20.

Results: The study findings revealed 49% of mothers had high level of awareness regarding toilet training. There was significant association between level of awareness with age (p=<0.001), education status (p=<0.001), type of family (p=0.002) and number of children (p=<0.001).

Conclusion: Almost half mothers had high level of awareness regarding toilet training. Age of mother, education status of mother, type of family and number of children was determinants of toilet training awareness of mother. Thus, health personnel is recommended to organize program for upgrading mother’s awareness regarding toilet training.
Morbidity Pattern and Health Seeking Behavior of Elderly People in Surnaya Rural Municipality, Baitadi, Nepal
Authors: Pant Gobind Prasad , Bist Amrit , Mishra Durga Khadka , Pandey Anjila , Sanjel Seshananda
Published: November 2023

Background: The number of older persons in the world has increased substantially in recent years and the growth is projected to accelerate in the coming decades. With an increase in the proportion of aged population, the elderly with ailments is also on the rise. The aged population has special health problems that are different from those of adults or young. This study aims to assess the morbidity patterns and health seeking behavior of elderly people.
Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 197 elderly people in Surnaya Rural Municipality, Baitadi. Data was collected through face-to-face interview using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Ethical approval was received, and ethical issues were addressed. Data were processed using IBS SPSS v.25.0. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test was used.
Results: The prevalence of morbidity was 71.6%. Respiratory condition was most reported, followed by digestive, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular diseases. Further, 17.0% sustained injury. Healthcare seeking by 77.3% and 76.1% had treatment compliance. The morbidity condition was significantly associated with economic status (p=0.041), spiritual activity (p=0.032), and difficulty falling asleep (p=0.003). Distance to reach the nearest health facility (p=0.022) and presence of chronic health problems (p<0.001) was significantly associated with healthcare seeking behavior of the elderly.
Conclusion: The high prevalence of multiple morbidities was reported among the elderly and respiratory condition was leading. Still, large numbers of elderly do not seek healthcare and have low treatment compliance. Elderly-friendly health services, an extension of health insurance, and elderly health screening services are recommended to enhance health seeking behavior of the elderly.
Ultrasonographic Assessment of Submandibular Salivary Gland at a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal
Authors: Basnet Prabhat , Singh Ashutosh Kumar , Uphadhayay Hari Prasad , Amgain Kapil , Chaulagain Rajib
Published: November 2023

Background: There various disease condition which can leads to increased size of the submandibular gland. Normal dimensions of salivary gland is useful for identification and diagnosis of various associated pathology. The study objective was to assess the normal dimension of submandibular gland using ultrasonograph at a tertiary care centre of Nepal.
Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Radiology and Imaging College of Medical Sciences, Bharatpur, Nepal among 126 patients. Ultrasound of submandibular gland was done of all patients with Toshiba Aplio 500 superficial probe. The data was collected and entered into Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16 and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Later the data was presented in form of tables.
Results: There were in total 126 patients who participated in the study. Among them 78 (61.9%) were females and rest were males. The mediolateral width of right submandibular salivary gland (2.70±0.40 cms) was slightly greater than the left side. The volume of left salivary gland (6.91±2.32 cm3) was slightly larger than the right side in male. However, there was no statistically significant difference between male and female
Conclusion: This study concluded that the volume of left salivary gland was slightly larger than the right side. The volume of salivary gland of females was more than male.
Keywords: Submandibular gland, Salivary gland, Ultrasonography.
Changes in Occurrence of Diarrheal and Respiratory Diseases before and during COVID-19 Pandemic among Nepalese Population
Authors: Kaphle Maheshor , Paudel Anil , Adhikari Laxmi , Shrestha Pratibha , Khadka Santosh , Karki Rajesh
Published: November 2023

Background: The government of Nepal has adopted a number of preventative and control measures to halt the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In this study, we aimed to determine whether the use of preventive and control measures such as hand washing, social distancing, lockdown implementation, and mask-wearing has significantly slowed down the spread of infectious diseases like diarrhoea and respiratory illnesses during the pandemic period.
Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted among 3086 participants across Nepal via electronic media from July 28 to August 30, 2020. The participants were asked to provide information about their experiences with diarrhoea and respiratory symptoms in the three months before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Mc-Nemar test was used to compare the incidence of respiratory and diarrheal diseases before and during the pandemic period.
Results: Compared to before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, vomiting (3.3%), diarrhoea (7.3%) and abdominal pain (12.1%) decreased to 2.8%, 6.9%, and 6.1%, respectively. Between two concurrent periods, such as before the onset and during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown, the prevalence of dysentery and stomach pain was statistically different (p-value< 0.001). As the prevalence of the common cold decreased from 30.2% to 20.3%, so did that of sore throats (15.1% to 10.6%), coughs/chest pain (8.3% to 5.6%), dyspnoea (2.8% to 1.9%), and pneumonia (2.6% to 1.5%). This difference in the prevalence of respiratory diseases such as the common cold, sore throat, laryngitis/pharyngitis, cough/chest pain, dyspnoea, and pneumonia were statistically significant.
Conclusion: Upon comparing the COVID-19 period to the pre-pandemic period, it appeared that the symptoms of diseases like diarrhoea and respiratory illnesses were on the decline. Therefore, we can conclude that the Government of Nepal's preventive measures for COVID-19 have helped to reduce the prevalence of such diseases.
Domestic Violence against Women during COVID-19 Pandemic in Nepal
Authors: Koirala Dhital Madhu , Laudari Raju , Owens Vickie , Regmi Nabin , Dhital Shalik Ram
Published: November 2023

Domestic violence perpetrated is a public health problem commonly for women in developing nation like Nepal.Major causes of domestic violence are unemployment, alcohol drink, lack of education, loneliness, crowded livingspaces, lack of privacy. These factors may be aggravated by pandemic such as COVID-19. Women experiencefrom domestic violence due to dominant patriarchal culture combined with a lack of self-awareness and educationamongst adult males. Domestic violence is mostly instigated by intimate partners and maybe intensified due to theunusual stress of pandemic stress and spending increased time with wives and families. Domestic violence usuallymanifested in the form of adverse physical, mental and social health. The COVID-19 pandemic may have increasedthat adverse health of women in Nepal. Preventive strategies of domestic violence could be self-awareness,counselling, create a job, stop living alone at home, sharing with all family members and strong governmentalrules. This paper argues the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on domestic violence and possible preventive strategiesof domestic violence.
Parental adherence to prevent unintentional home injuries among children in a community of Bhaktapur, Nepal
Authors: Thapa Chhetri Bima , Rai Nabina
Published: November 2023

Background: Unintentional injuries are the serious worldwide public health problem directing to mortality, morbidity, disability, economic stress to health care system and household level. Curious nature of children to learn new skills around the home premises can be harmful sometime. Household injuries are often fatal but are prevantable. The study was conducted to analyse the level of parental adherence to prevent unintentional injuriesamong under five children and its association between independent variables.Methods: An analytical cross sectional research design was conducted in Madhyapur Thimi Municipality, Bode8, Bhaktapur, Nepal among 220 parents. Data was collected in August 2021 by using non-probability purposive sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was self developed, it was pretested and was used for data collection.Results: The study suggests that majority (65.9%) of the respondents had more level of adherence and 34.1% had less level of adherence regarding unintentional injury prevention. Level of parental adherence was significantly associated with religion (p=0.048), number of siblings (p=0.045), number of floors (p=0.047) and number of rooms in the house (p=0.046).Conclusion: The study concludes that parents were able to maintain more level of adherence regarding injury prevention among children. Parental experience on injuries helps to prevent its occurrence in the future.
Hematological Markers in Accessing Clinical Characteristics and Disease Severity in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Single-Centric Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pandey Sundar , Pokharel Abhinash
Published: November 2023

Background: Coronavirus disease is a respiratory illness caused by coronavirus infection. Considering its capability of involving multiple systems showing diverse clinical patterns with complications and death, its needful to recognize reliable predictors of disease severity so that we can allocate the available healthcare facilities and arrange a prompt clinical intervention. This study aims to identify common easily available hematological markers and correlate the clinical severity and outcome.
Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was done on 110 COVID-19 RT-PCR-positive patients admitted to the Intensive care unit of Devdaha Medical College. Clinical and laboratory values of hematological parameters like Hemoglobin, leucocyte count, platelets, Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, platelets to lymphocyte ratio, and, serum ferritin were recorded from hospital records and case files and analysis was done in relation to disease severity and outcome.
Results: Total 110 patients (56 females) were included in this study. The mean age at presentation was 56.5±15.6 years. Fifty-four patients had a chronic disease, the most common were hypertension and diabetes; and complications were high in them (70.38%). The most common complaints were shortness of breath, cough, and fever. Anemia was present in 61.8% of patients, and lymphopenia in 70%. Increased levels of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio was seen in 93.6% while that of platelets to lymphocyte ratio in 63.64%, and of ferritin in 42.7% of patients. Sixty percent of patients improved with treatment while 11.6% expired during the course of hospital stay. Most of the patients with complications and mortality had deranged hematological markers.
Conclusions: Ferritin levels were statistically significant for assessing mortality outcomes. Other common hematological biomarkers like lymphocyte count, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio could be used for risk stratification and prediction of disease course, identifying vulnerable patients at an early phase of illness, and managing patients as per need.
Major Factors Influencing the Utilization of Maternal Health Services in Nepal
Authors: Alessi Kaitlyn , Ierardi Michael , Anderson Nadia , Marahatta Sujan Babu , Blavo Cyril
Published: November 2023

Background: According to the World Health Organization, maternal health services (MHS) include antenatal care, perinatal care, and postnatal care.  MHS have been underutilized in Nepal and are contributing to an increased morbidity and mortality in the region leading to various adverse outcomes for both mothers and their newborns.  Many of these adverse outcomes can be avoided with increased use of antenatal, perinatal, and postnatal checkups.
Methods: Literature reviews of existing information about MHS in Nepal presents an opportunity to identify the source of underutilization and by understanding the source, plans can be proposed to improve MHS. Search for the data was achieved through Medline, Springerlink, and Nepal journals online; with additional articles found by branching off the references of those articles.  Publications were limited to those written or translated into English, and those related to Nepal demography.  Articles were excluded if the report was not referring specifically to Nepal. In this study, all three natal periods are addressed.
Results: Cultural aspects, educational aspects and accessibility have been determined to be the leading causes of the underutilization of MHS. 
Conclusion: Using this new understanding, interventions focused on improving and providing education about these barriers should lead to reduced morbidity and mortality among mothers and their newborns in Nepal.
Nursing Students’ Intention to Work in Rural Areas after Graduation: A Mixed Approach Study
Authors: Siwakoti Selina , Gahatraj Nand Ram , Shrestha Niranjan
Published: November 2023

Introduction: A key issue of Human Resources for Health and constraint to Universal Health Coverage is a disparity between the number of healthcare providers in urban and rural areas. The accessibility to health services has been found difficult in rural areas due to shortage of health workers. As final-year nursing students are the prospective human resource for health, this study aimed to assess the intention of nursing students to work in rural areas and identify the motivating and discouraging factors associated with their intention.
Methods: Cross-sectional research design with mixed methods was conducted among final-year bachelor-level nursing students of Pokhara, Nepal from December 2019 to July 2020. A census method using a self-administered questionnaire was used for the quantitative method and in-depth interviews were conducted for the qualitative method. For quantitative method, descriptive and inferential statistics were used while content analysis for the qualitative method was carried out.
Results: About one-third (33.3%) participants intended to work in rural areas. The motivating factors were an opportunity for career advancement (AOR: 3.8; 95% CI: 1.35-10.77), locating near to family (AOR: 3.58, 95% CI: 1.36-9.45),  high salary/incentives, and high healthcare needs in rural areas; whereas discouraging factors were separation from family and friends (AOR 4.10, 95% CI 1.34-12.52), less availability of recreational facilities (AOR 3.68, 95% CI 1.11-12.21), inadequate salary/incentives, lack of equipment and resources, low utilization of skills and knowledge and low self-perceived competency.
Conclusions: Only one-third of the participants had the intention to have the job placement in rural areas. The participants preferred to work staying with or nearby their family. The enrollment of students of rural origin/residence or background in a nursing program should be ensured. Various motivating factors like training, attractive incentives, infrastructures, and facilities should be offered to make rural jobs more attractive.
Social Health Insurance a Key for Universal Health Coverage in Nepal
Authors: Poudel Sujan , Parajuli Anusha , Paudel Shishir
Published: November 2023

Social health insurance, which offers financial security and risk sharing for health care expenses, could be the key to achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Nepal. The social health insurance program in Nepal has advanced significantly, but many adjustments in the insurance mechanism are needed to make it truly a key to UHC.
Perilaku Politik Masyarakat Dalam Pemilihan Calon Kepala Desa Di Desa Matang Kumbang, Kec. Makmur, Kab. Bireuen
Authors: Mawardi Mawardi
Published: November 2023

Pemilihan Kepala Desa merupakan perwujudan demokrasi desa dalam rangka menentukan kepemimpinan desa yang berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui partisipasi dan perilaku politik Masyarakat menjelang pemungutan suara pada pemilihan kepala Desa di Desa Matang Kumbang Kecamatan Makmur Kabupaten Bireuen. Permasalahan yang diteliti (1) Bagaimana Teknik pemilihan Kepala Desa di Desa Matang Kumbang dan (2) Bagaimana perilaku politik masyarakat dalam pemilihan Kepala Desa di Desa Matang Kumbang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kualitatif dengan pendekatan Field Research, dan data yang terkumpul dianalisis dengan metode Deskritif Analitis. Dalam pengambilan kesimpulan menggunakan metode Deduktif .Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan pemilihan kepala desa dilakukan oleh panitia pemilihan, yang dibentuk Badan Permusyawaratan Desa (BPD), yang anggotanya terdiri dari unsur perangkat desa, pengurus lembaga kemasyarakatan, dan tokoh masyarakat. Dalam pelaksanaan pemilihan Kepala Desa di Desa Matang Kumbang Alhamdulillah berjalan secara optimal. Hal ini terlihat dalam Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Desa di Desa Matang Kumbang tidak terdapat pelanggaran-pelanggaran yang berupa pelanggaran terhadap Perda Kabupaten Bireuen, yaitu adanya pelanggaran yang berupa pelanggaran dalam Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Desa seperti halnya praktik politik uang, dan dalam pandangan politik hukum Islam (siyasah) terhadap pelaksaan pemilihan Kepala Desa Matang Kumbang dapat dibenarkan dan telah sesuai dengan ajaran Islam, akan tetapi masih banyak hal-hal penting untuk dikoreksi lebih lanjut seperti kriteria dalam memilih pemimpin dan tindakan-tindakan yang kurang sportif para calon kepala desa.
Analisis Fiqh Siyasah Terhadap Kampanye Pemilihan Umum Di Media Sosial Berdasarkan Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum Nomor 23 Tahun 2018 Tentang Kampanye Pemilihan Umum
Authors: Muhammad Fadhli
Published: November 2023

Berdasarkan Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum (PKPU) Republik Indonesia Nomor 23 Tahun 2018 tentang Kampanye Pemilihan Umum dalam Pasal 35 ayat 1 sampai 4. Yang berbunyi ayat 1 “Peserta Pemilu dapat melakukan Kampanye melalui media sosial sebagaimana dimaksud dalam Pasal 23 ayat (1) huruf e”. Media sosial menjadi alat penyebar informasi, yang pastinya belum terkonfirmasi kebenarannya. Belum lagi fenomena berita bohong dan ujaran kebencian yang dengan mudahnya tersebar di media sosial. Maraknya penggunaan media sosial sudah bukan hal yang baru di Indonesia. keterkaitan masyarakat terhadap media sosial semakin meningkat. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini adalah 1) bagaimanakah Pengaturan Kampanye Pemilu di media sosial berdasarkan Peraturan KPU Nomor 23 tahun 2018 tentang Kampanye Pemilu dan 2) bagaimanakah analisis tentang Kampanye Pemilu di Media Sosial dalam Pandangan Fiqh Siyasah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian penelitian kepustakan (Library Research) dan penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analisis. Metode Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini didasarkan pada riset pustaka (Library Research. Menggunakan data Sekunder. Dari hasil penelitian dalam Peraturan KPU (PKPU) Nomor 23 tentang Kampanye Pemilihan Umum, Pengaturan Kampanye di Media Sosial hanya sebatas mengatur pendaftaran akun milik peserta pemilu. Tiap peserta hanya boleh memiliki akun Media Sosial dapat dibuat paling banyak 10 (sepuluh) untuk setiap jenis aplikasi. Pendaftaran akun Media Sosial dilakukan paling lambat 1 (satu) Hari sebelum masa Kampanye dan Akun Media Sosial wajib ditutup pada hari terakhir masa Kampanye. Dalam pandangan fiqh siyasah diperbolehkan menggunakan kampanye media sosial asal didalamnya tidak mengandung fitnah, dan sesuai dengan Peraturan yang mengatur jalannya kampanye di Media Sosial yaitu Peratutan KPU No.23 Pasal 35 Tahun 2018 tentang Kampanye Pemilu, di dalamnya terdapat tata tertib berkampanye di Media Sosial yang memeberikan kemudahan bagi antar umat contohnya, tersampainya informasi secara cepat tentang visi misi peserta calon yang berkampanye pemilu, dan meminimalisir kebohongan, hoax, ujuran kebenciaan dan pelanggaran-pelanggaran lainnya karena ada aturan harus mendaftar akun kampanye resmi kepada KPU. Jadi Pandangan Fiqh Siyasah terhadap Peraturan KPU No.23 Tahun 2018 tersebut memberikan kemaslahatan bagi sesama umat, dan dikarenakan di dalam Islam jika segala sesuatu yang memberikan kemaslahatan bagi umat, maka segala sesuatu itu diperbolehkan.
Orbital floor defect caused by invasive aspergillosis: a case report and literature review
Authors: Han Sang Woo , Park Min Woo , Kim Sug Won , Eom Minseob , Kwon Dong Hwan , Lee Eun Jung , Kim Jiye
Published: November 2023

Fungal sinusitis is relatively rare, but it has become more common in recent years. When fungal sinusitis invades the orbit, it can cause proptosis, chemosis, ophthalmoplegia, retroorbital pain, and vision impairment. We present a case of an extensive orbital floor defect due to invasive fungal sinusitis. A 62-year-old man with hypertension and a history of lung adenocarcinoma, presented with right-side facial pain and swelling. On admission, the serum glucose level was 347 mg/dL, and hemoglobin A1c was 11.4%. A computed tomography scan and a Waters’ view X-ray showed right maxillary sinusitis with an orbital floor defect. On hospital day 3, functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed by the otorhinolaryngology team, and an aspergilloma in necrotic inflammatory exudate obtained during exploration. On hospital day 7, orbital floor reconstruction with a Medpor Titan surgical implant was done. In principle, the management of invasive sino- orbital fungal infection often begins with surgical debridement and local irrigation with an antifungal agent. Exceptionally, in this case, debridement and immediate orbital floor reconstruction were performed to prevent enophthalmos caused by the extensive orbital floor defect. The patient underwent orbital floor reconstruction and received intravenous and oral voriconazole. Despite orbital invasion, there were no ophthalmic symptoms or sequelae.
Identification of 1600 replication origins in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Foss Eric J. , Lichauco Carmina , Gatbonton-Schwager Tonibelle , Lofts Brandon , Lao Uyen , Bedalov Antonio
Published: November 2023

There are approximately 500 known origins of replication in the yeast genome, and the process by which DNA replication initiates at these locations is well understood. In particular, these sites are made competent to initiate replication by loading of the Mcm replicative helicase prior to the start of S phase; thus, “a site to which MCM is bound in G1” might be considered to provide an operational definition of a replication origin. By fusing a subunit of Mcm to micrococcal nuclease, a technique referred to as “Chromatin Endogenous Cleavage”, we previously showed that known origins are typically bound by a single Mcm double hexamer, loaded adjacent to the ARS consensus sequence (ACS). Here we extend this analysis from known origins to the entire genome, identifying candidate Mcm binding sites whose signal intensity varies over at least 3 orders of magnitude. Published data quantifying the production of ssDNA during S phase showed clear evidence of replication initiation among the most abundant 1600 of these sites, with replication activity decreasing in concert with Mcm abundance and disappearing at the limit of detection of ssDNA. Three other hallmarks of replication origins were apparent among the most abundant 5,500 sites. Specifically, these sites (1) appeared in intergenic nucleosome-free regions that were flanked on one or both sides by well-positioned nucleosomes; (2) were flanked by ACSs; and (3) exhibited a pattern of GC skew characteristic of replication initiation. Furthermore, the high resolution of this technique allowed us to demonstrate a strong bias for detecting Mcm double-hexamers downstream rather than upstream of the ACS, which is consistent with the directionality of Mcm loading by Orc that has been observed
in vitro
. We conclude that, if sites at which Mcm double-hexamers are loaded can function as replication origins, then DNA replication origins are at least 3-fold more abundant than previously assumed, and we suggest that replication may occasionally initiate in essentially every intergenic region. These results shed light on recent reports that as many as 15% of replication events initiate outside of known origins, and this broader distribution of replication origins suggest that S phase in yeast may be less distinct from that in humans than is widely assumed.
Ulk4 promotes Shh signaling by regulating Stk36 ciliary localization and Gli2 phosphorylation
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Han Yuhong , Jiang Jin
Published: November 2023

The Hedgehog (Hh) family of secreted proteins governs embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis through the Gli family of transcription factors. Gli is thought to be activated at the tip of primary cilium, but the underlying mechanism has remained poorly understood. Here, we show that
U
nc-51-like
k
inase 4 (Ulk4), a pseudokinase and a member of the Ulk kinase family, acts in conjunction with another Ulk family member Stk36 to promote Gli2 phosphorylation and Hh pathway activation. Ulk4 interacts with Stk36 through its N-terminal region containing the pseudokinase domain and Gli2 via its regulatory domain to bridge the kinase and substrate. Although dispensable for Hh-induced Stk36 kinase activation, Ulk4 is essential for Stk36 ciliary tip localization, Gli2 phosphorylation and activation. In response to Hh, both Ulk4 and Stk36 colocalize with Gli2 at ciliary tip, and Ulk4 and Stk36 depend on each other for their ciliary tip accumulation. We further show that ciliary localization of Ulk4 depends on Stk36 kinase activity and phosphorylation of Ulk4 on Thr1023, and that ciliary tip accumulation of Ulk4 is essential for its function in the Hh pathway. Taken together, our results suggest that Ulk4 regulates Hh signaling by promoting Stk36-mediated Gli2 phosphorylation and activation at ciliary tip.
Patient-derived xenografts and single-cell sequencing identifies three subtypes of tumor-reactive lymphocytes in uveal melanoma metastases
Authors: Karlsson Joakim , Sah Vasu R. , Olofsson Bagge Roger , Iqbal Munir , Alsén Samuel , Stenqvist Sofia , Saxena Alka , Ny Lars , Nilsson Lisa M. , Nilsson Jonas A.
Published: November 2023

Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare melanoma originating in the eye’s uvea, with 50% of patients experiencing metastasis predominantly in the liver. In contrast to cutaneous melanoma, there is only a limited effectiveness of combined immune checkpoint therapies, and half of patients succumb to recurrent disease after two years. This study aimed to provide a path towards enhancing immunotherapy efficacy by identifying and functionally validating tumor-reactive T cells in liver metastases of patients with UM. We employed single-cell RNA sequencing of biopsies and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to identify potential tumor-reactive T cells. Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of UM metastases were created from patients, and tumor sphere cultures were generated from these models for co-culture with autologous or MART1-specific HLA-matched allogenic TILs. Activated T cells were subjected to TCR sequencing, and the TCRs were matched to those found in single-cell sequencing data from biopsies and expanded TILs. Our findings revealed that tumor-reactive T cells resided not only among activated and exhausted subsets of T cells, but also in a subset of cytotoxic effector cells. In conclusion, combining single-cell sequencing and functional analysis provides valuable insights into which T cells in UM may be useful for cell therapy amplification and marker selection.
Estimation of Toxic Hexavalent Chromium (Cr6+) in Metal Components Present in Electronic and Electrical Materials with or without using Coordinating Ligands
Authors: Swarnabala G. , Suresh K. , Divya B. , Bharadwaj Anahita
Published: November 2023

The aqueous solutions of toxic hexavalent chromium have been analyzed using diphenyl carbazide (DPC) dissolved in organic solvents as a coordinating ligand since early nineteen hundreds. The chemistry is not clear due to the formation of an unstable, suggested organometallic complex, which is only An intermediary. The structure of the same could not be determined or is hypothetical even today with a further suggested, molecular structure in which instead of pi bonded delocalization of benzene rings expected to be as in sandwich compounds, electron empty d-orbital of hexavalent chromium facilitating the electron transfer and giving the observed color of the obtained complex as in inner field coordinating complexes.  The electrical and electronic equipment requires the estimation of hexavalent chromium up to ~0.2 % (~2000 ppm) present in high chromium containing solid matrix, with DPC using standard International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) method.

However, the visible yellow color can be directly measured on UV-Vis spectrophotometer with the hexavalent chromium stripped or leached out into acidic aqueous solutions from these materials using the known IEC method for leaching.  The presence of interfering ions is ruled out with the leaching procedure given in it. Therefore, the stability of these aqueous acidic solutions containing hexavalent chromium was checked for 16 days. So that direct measurement can be done without DPC.

Screws, Fork Pivot Bore and Rat Trap Box containing hexavalent chromium were analyzed and compared with and without DPC. It is noted that the analysis of these materials can satisfactorily be achieved easily or simply without adding DPC on UV-Vis spectrophotometer or any other organic ligands or using high-end equipment such as Ion Chromatography (IC).
Harmonizing Biological and Chemical Strategies for Hazardous Chemical Detoxification: An Integrative Review
Authors: Ajala Lawrence Olusegun , Anyiam Cynthia Chioma , Anyiam Chukwudum Albert
Published: November 2023

The management and mitigation of hazardous chemicals pose significant challenges to environmental and human health. This comprehensive review critically examines the efficacy of biological and chemical methods for the detoxification of hazardous chemicals. Hazardous chemicals, ranging from organic pollutants to heavy metals, often contaminate soil, water, and air, leading to adverse ecological and health impacts. Traditional chemical-based approaches have limitations, such as secondary pollutant generation and high operational costs. In contrast, biological methods harness the metabolic activities of microorganisms, plants, and enzymes to transform or degrade hazardous compounds. This review evaluates the performance of biological systems, including bioremediation, phytoremediation, and enzyme-based approaches, in detoxifying various classes of hazardous chemicals. Additionally, chemical methods, such as advanced oxidation processes, redox reactions, and adsorption, are scrutinized for their efficiency in chemical degradation and transformation. The comparative analysis considers factors like effectiveness, cost, environmental impact, and applicability to different chemical classes. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of these detoxification approaches is essential for informed decision-making in environmental remediation and industrial processes. This review offers valuable insights into the selection of appropriate detoxification methods, based on the nature of the hazardous chemicals and the desired environmental and economic outcomes.