bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant Activity of Multifarious Solvent Extracts of Leaf. (Plumbago Zeylanica)
Authors: Jenifer D. Roselin , Malathy B. R.
Published: April 2019

The current investigation is focused to determine antioxidant activities of the leaf extract of Plumbago zeylanica. The leaf extracts were prepared by using multiform solvents with increasing polarity, including as hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and Methanol. The antioxidant activities enlisting DPPH assay, hydrogen peroxide assay, reducing power assay and nitric oxide assay method were performed for all extracts. Barring no one, the extracts had shown average to potent antioxidant activity. Uniquely, the ethyl acetate extract and the chloroform extract explicated the utmost antioxidant activity.
Unexpected positive cultures in presumed aseptic revision spine surgery using sonication
Authors: Pumberger M. , Bürger J. , Strube P. , Akgün D. , Putzier M.
Published: April 2019

Aims

During revision procedures for aseptic reasons, there remains a suspicion that failure may have been the result of an undetected subclinical infection. However, there is little evidence available in the literature about unexpected positive results in presumed aseptic revision spine surgery. The aims of our study were to estimate the prevalence of unexpected positive culture using sonication and to evaluate clinical characteristics of these patients.

Patients and Methods

All patients who underwent a revision surgery after instrumented spinal surgery at our institution between July 2014 and August 2016 with spinal implants submitted for sonication were retrospectively analyzed. Only revisions presumed as aseptic are included in the study. During the study period, 204 spinal revisions were performed for diagnoses other than infection. In 38 cases, sonication cultures were not obtained, leaving a study cohort of 166 cases. The mean age of the cohort was 61.5 years (sd 20.4) and there were 104 female patients

Results

Sonication cultures were positive in 75 cases (45.2%). Hardware failure was the most common indication for revision surgery and revealed a positive sonication culture in 26/75 cases (35%) followed by adjacent segment disease (ASD) in 23/75 cases (30%). Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis were the most commonly isolated microorganisms, observed in 45% and 31% of cases, respectively. C. acnes was isolated in 65.2% of cases when the indication for revision surgery was ASD.

Conclusion

Infection must always be considered as a possibility in the setting of spinal revision surgery, especially in the case of hardware failure, regardless of the lack of clinical signs. Sonication should be routinely used to isolate microorganisms adherent to implants. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:621–624.
A systematic review of short metaphyseal loading cementless stems in hip arthroplasty
Authors: Lidder S. , Epstein D. J. , Scott G.
Published: April 2019

Aims

Short-stemmed femoral implants have been used for total hip arthroplasty (THA) in young and active patients to conserve bone, provide physiological loading, and reduce the incidence of thigh pain. Only short- to mid-term results have been presented and there have been concerns regarding component malalignment, incorrect sizing, and subsidence. This systematic review reports clinical and radiological outcomes, complications, revision rates, and implant survival in THA using short-stemmed femoral components.

Materials and Methods

A literature review was performed using the EMBASE, Medline, and Cochrane databases. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to identify studies reporting clinical and radiological follow-up for short-stemmed hip arthroplasties.

Results

A total of 28 studies were eligible for inclusion. This included 5322 hips in 4657 patients with a mean age of 59 years (13 to 94). The mean follow-up was 6.1 years (0.5 to 20). The mean Harris Hip Score improved from 46 (0 to 100) to 92 (39 to 100). The mean Oxford Hip Score improved from 25 (2 to 42.5) to 35 (12.4 to 48). The mean Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index improved from 54 (2 to 95) to 22 (0 to 98). Components were aligned in a neutral coronal alignment in up to 90.9% of cases. A total of 15 studies reported component survivorship, which was 98.6% (92% to 100%) at a mean follow-up of 12.1 years.

Conclusion

Short-stemmed femoral implants show similar improvement in clinical and radiological outcomes compared with conventional length implants. Only mid-term survivorship, however, is known. An abundance of short components have been developed and used commercially without staged clinical trials. Long-term survival is still unknown for many of these components. There remains tension between innovation and the moral duty to ensure that the introduction of new implants is controlled until safety and patient benefit are demonstrated. Implant innovation and subsequent use should be driven by proven clinical outcomes, rather than market and financial forces, and ethical practice must be ensured. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:502–511.
Fungal prosthetic joint infection in total hip or knee arthroplasty
Authors: Theil C. , Schmidt-Braekling T. , Gosheger G. , Idelevich E. A. , Moellenbeck B. , Dieckmann R.
Published: April 2019

Aims

Fungal prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are rare and account for about 1% of total PJIs. Our aim was to present clinical and microbiological results in treating these patients with a two-stage approach and antifungal spacers.

Patients and Methods

We retrospectively reviewed our institutional database and identified 26 patients with positive fungal cultures and positive Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria for PJI who were treated between 2009 and 2017. We identified 18 patients with total hip arthroplasty (THA) and eight patients with total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The surgical and antifungal treatment, clinical and demographic patient data, complications, relapses, and survival were recorded and analyzed.

Results

The median follow-up was 33 months. The success rate was 38.5% (10/26). Fluconazole resistance was found in 15%. Bacterial co-infection was common in 44% of patients for THA and 66% of patients with TKA. Mortality, reoperations, and treatment failure were common complications.

Conclusion

Treatment with a two-stage exchange is a possible option for treatment, although fungal infections have a high failure rate. Therapeutic factors for treatment success remain unclear. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:589–595.
Comparison of a vitamin E-infused highly crosslinked polyethylene insert and a conventional polyethylene insert for primary total knee arthroplasty at two years postoperatively
Authors: Takemura S. , Minoda Y. , Sugama R. , Ohta Y. , Nakamura S. , Ueyama H. , Nakamura H.
Published: April 2019

Aims

The use of vitamin E-infused highly crosslinked polyethylene (HXLPE) in total knee prostheses is controversial. In this paper we have compared the clinical and radiological results between conventional polyethylene and vitamin E-infused HXLPE inserts in total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Patients and Methods

The study included 200 knees (175 patients) that underwent TKA using the same total knee prostheses. In all, 100 knees (77 patients) had a vitamin E-infused HXLPE insert (study group) and 100 knees (98 patients) had a conventional polyethylene insert (control group). There were no significant differences in age, sex, diagnosis, preoperative knee range of movement (ROM), and preoperative Knee Society Score (KSS) between the two groups. Clinical and radiological results were evaluated at two years postoperatively.

Results

Differences in postoperative ROM and KSS were not statistically significant between the study and control groups. No knee exhibited osteolysis, aseptic loosening, or polyethylene failure. Additionally, there was no significant difference in the incidence of a radiolucent line between the two groups. One patient from the study group required irrigation and debridement, due to deep infection, at six months postoperatively.

Conclusion

Clinical results were comparable between vitamin E-infused HXLPE inserts and conventional polyethylene inserts at two years after TKA, without any significant clinical failure. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2019;101-B:559–564.
Interrater Reliability of the Pediatric Neuromuscular Recovery Scale for Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Behrman Andrea L. , Trimble Shelley A. , Argetsinger Laura C. , Roberts MacKenzie T. , Mulcahey MJ , Clayton Lisa , Gregg Mary E. , Lorenz Doug , Ardolino Elizabeth M.
Published: April 2019

Background: In synergy with the mounting scientific evidence for the capacity of recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) and training, new evidence-based therapies advancing neuromuscular recovery are emerging. There is a parallel need for outcome instruments that specifically address recovery. The Pediatric Neuromuscular Recovery Scale (Pediatric NRS) is one example with established content validity to assess neuromuscular capacity within task performance. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine interrater reliability of the Pediatric NRS to classify motor capacity in children after SCI. Methods: Pediatric physicians (3), occupational therapists (5), and physical therapists (6) received standardized training in scoring the scale, then rated video assessments of 32 children post SCI, 2–12 years of age, 78% non-ambulatory. Interrater reliability was analyzed using Kendall coefficient of concordance for individual Pediatric NRS items and overall score. Results: The interrater reliability coefficient was determined to be near 1 for the overall Pediatric NRS score (ICC = 0.966; 95% CI, 0.89–0.98). Twelve of 16 individual items exhibited high concordance coefficients (Kendall's W ≥ 0.8) and four items demonstrated concordance coefficients, < 0.8 and > 0.69. Interrater reliability was equivalent among groups defined by age and neurological level, but lower among non-ambulatory individuals. Conclusion: Strong interrater reliability was demonstrated by pediatric clinicians who scored children with SCI using the Pediatric NRS.
Data Scaling by Differential Evolution for FCA over Data from LMS eLogika
Authors: Kermaschek Jakub , Drazdilova Pavla , Mensik Marek
Published: April 2019

The e-learning system eLogika serves for teaching logic. The system collects data about users who arelogged in, e.g. time spent on a particular activity, the number of activities performed by particular students, whatdata is a student interested in, etc. The goal of this paper is to describe the application of many-valued formalconcept analysis (FCA) in order to discover typical patterns of students behavior. Since the data stored in theeLogika system are numerical we need to categorize them in order to be used in the many-valued FCA method.In the paper we describe a way of data categorization by di erential evolution that proved to be applicable in theFCA method with promising results.
SOMA Network Model Based on Native Visibility Graph
Authors: Tomaszek Lukas , Zelinka Ivan
Published: April 2019

In this article, we want to propose a new model of the network for analyzing the evolution algorithms.We focus on the graph called native visibility graph. We show how we can get a time series from the run ofthe self-organizing migrating algorithm and how we can convert these series into a network. At the end of thearticle, we focus on some basic network properties and we propose how can we use these properties for laterinvestigation. All experiments run on well-known CEC 2016 benchmarks.
Local Control of (4,5,7,8-10)-Filtration Snake Robot via CGA
Authors: Hrdina Jaroslav , Navrat Ales , Vasik Petr , Matousek Radomil
Published: April 2019

We describe the local control of a (6{8){link snake like robot endowed with omnidirectional wheels on two links (head and tail). All calculations including the position, direct kinematics, di erential kinematics and inverse kinematics are described in the terms of CGA only.
The Effects of CMA-ES Style Selection and Restart Criteria on DE
Authors: Wineberg Mark , Opawale Samuel
Published: April 2019

Over the years, a lot of research has gone into the creation of different mutation operators and adaptive parameters for differential evolution (DE). However, the literature is fairly quiet about automatically setting population size and completely silent about varying the selection operator used within DE. In this paper, we steal a page from CMA-ES/IPOP: using ES-style µ+λ selection, which selects across the entire population, in place of more individualistic DE selection with its use of local selection on the target and its child. We find that the most effective choice of selection can depend on the function being optimized, although for most of the functions we tested, the original DE selection was preferable. When adding IPOP style restarting, EqualFunValHist is the most applicable of the stagnation criteria, and it is used to trigger the doubling of the population size upon restart. The initial population size is set to the same as CMA-ES. Here we find, that the restartable DE behave as well and better as regular DE with population size set as lower than the default settings used.
Statistical Evaluation of Large-Scale Data Logistics System
Authors: Somplak Radovan , Smidova Zlata , Smejkalova Veronika , Nevrly Vlastimir
Published: April 2019

Data recording is struggling with the occurrence of errors, which worsen the accuracy of follow-up calculations. Achievement of satisfactory results requires the data processing to eliminate the influence of errors. This paper applies a data reconciliation technique for mining of data from  ecording movement vehicles. The database collects information about the start and end point of the route (GPS coordinates) and total duration.The presented methodology smooths available data and allows to obtain an estimation of transportation time through individual parts of the entire recorded route. This process allows obtaining valuable information which can be used for further transportation planning. First, the proposed mathematical model is tested on simplifled example. The real data application requires necessary preprocessing within which anticipated routes are designed. Thus, the database is supplemented with information on the probable speed of the vehicle. The mathematical model is based on weighted least squares data reconciliation which is organized iteratively. Due to the time-consuming calculation, the linearised model is computed to initialize the values for a complex model. The attention is also paid to the weight setting. The weighing system is designed to reflect the quality of specific data and the dependence on the frequency of trafic. In this respect, the model is not strict, which leaves the possibility to adapt to the current data. The case study focuses on the GPS data of shipping vehicles in the particular city in the Czech Republic with several types of roads.
Influence of Experiment Design in GPA Investigating with Respect to PRNGs
Authors: Brandejsky Tomas
Published: April 2019

This paper analyses the influence of experiment parameters onto the reliability of experiments with genetic programming algorithms. The paper is focused on the required number of experiments and especially on the influence of parallel execution which affect not only the order of thread execution but also behaviors of pseudo random number generators, which frequently do not respect recommendation of C++11 standard and are not implemented as thread safe. The observations and the effect of the suggested improvements are demonstrated on results of 720,000 experiments.
Evaluation of frost blanket layer strength using different devices
Authors: Bertulienė  , Juknevičiūtė-Žilinskienė Lina , Sivilevičius Henrikas , Laurinavičius Alfredas
Published: April 2019

The relationship between the static and dynamic deflection modulus is presented in the paper, and a correlation between the FBL physical and strength indicators is determined. The correction coefficients of dynamic measurements, as related to static beam readings, are presented. The results show that, in the absence of a static beam, static beam readings can be replaced by the readings of any of the three analysed dynamic devices, and the FBL strength can thus be measured.
A signal timing assignment proposal for urban multi lane signalised roundabouts
Authors: Murat Yetis Sazi , Cakici Ziya , Tian Zong
Published: April 2019

The relationship between the left-turning traffic volume and the storage area at signalised roundabouts is investigated, and a calculation procedure for signal timing is proposed in this paper. The parameters associated with the developing stages of a new expression/model are also defined. Four different signal timing scenarios are considered. The results show that the proposed formula can be used for the design of signalised roundabouts.
RADICALISME AND TOLERANCE BASED ON ISLAM NUSANTARA
Authors: Rifkiawan Hamzah Arief
Published: April 2019

The purpose this article is analyze the symptoms of the emergence of radicalism that developed among muslim in Indonesia. These symptoms must be analyzed sociologically, because radicalism is often viewed as negative and is considered the basis of the emergence of terrorism. Radicalisme is not spontaneously, but arises from long  procces. The preceding views of life can entirely influence the radical understanding of society. Radicalism often associated with Islam and terrorism base. Islam is regarded as a religion of no rahmatan lil’alamin, which is often regarded as a radical religion. If like that, these incorrect views must be systematically aligned. In this case, the authtors want to strengthen tolerance of Islam based Islam Nusantara, overcoming and alignment understanding correctly religion. Paham radikal dan terorisme di kalangan umum seringkali dihubungkan dengan Islam, sehingga memunculkan pandangan negatif. Agama Islam dianggap sebagai agama yang “Tidak” rahmatan lil’alamin, intoleran, dan menutup diri. Tulisan yang berupa studi pustaka ini menjabarkan mengenai gejala-gejala munculnya radikalisme yang seringkali dianggap sebagai basis dari munculnya terorisme. Selama ini, radikalisme banyak diungkapkan secara teoretis di berbagai buku dan jurnal, namun secara nyata radikalisme masih harus banyak digali dengan lebih mendalam. Radikalisme muncul bukan secara spontan, tetapi muncul berdasarkan proses yang panjang. Pandangan hidup yang terbangun sebelumnya dapat sepenuhnya mempengaruhi pemahaman radikal di kalangan masyarakat. Kemudian penulis menjabarkan mengenai toleransi yang berbasis Islam Nusantara sebagai sarana untuk pencegahan, penanggulangan serta meminimalisir pemahaman yang menganggap radikalisme berkembang di kalangan umat Islam. Islam Nusantara yang dipopulerkan oleh Nahdlatul Ulama merupakan wajah keislaman yang menjunjung tinggi toleransi dan meredam segala gerakan-gerakan yang berpotensi menjadi gerakan radikal dan terorisme.
DAMPAK MODERNITAS K-POP PADA GAYA HIDUP SISWI DI SEKOLAH BERBASIS PESANTREN: Studi MTs Ali Maksum Pondok Pesantren Krapyak Yogyakarta
Authors: Solihah Ni'matus , Sudrajat Ajat
Published: April 2019

K-pop (Korean Pop) culture, is currently a trend among female students in Islamic boarding schools. K-pop who are born not from Islamic circles certainly have a culture that is different from the teachings of Islam which have been taught in Islamic boarding schools, which maintain and teach traditional Islam. The study aims to reveal about the impact of K-pop modernity for students lifestyles in MTs Ali Maksum Pondok Pesantren Krapyak, Yogyakarta and the impact of K-pop on character education in social science learning. This study used the qualitative descriptive method with phenomenological approach. The data collecting technique was through observation, interviews, and documentation, with data analysis technique Miles and Huberman model. The results of this study indicate that Individual lifestyle can be observed by three dimensions which are activity, interest, and opinion. On activity, the majority of free time for K-popers students is used for things related to K-pop and spending on products related to K-pop. Whereas in the dimension of interest, K-popers students, love and prioritize things related to K-pop. In the opinion, K-popers students argue that K-pop has a positive and negative impact. The high consumption intensity of K-pop also has an impact on the reduced concentration of students during social studies learning, so character education in social studies learning is not well conveyed.Budaya K-pop (Korean Pop), saat ini menjadi tren di kalangan siswi di pesantren. K-pop yang lahir bukan dari kalangan agama Islam tentu memiliki budaya yang berbeda dengan ajaran Islam yang selama ini diajarkan di pesantren, yang menjaga serta mengajarkan ketradisionalan Islam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dampak modernitas yang dibawa oleh K-pop terhadap gaya hidup siswi MTs Ali Maksum Pondok Pesantren Krapyak Yogyakarta serta dampaknya terhadap pendidikan karakter pada pembelajaran IPS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi dengan teknik analisis data model Miles dan Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gaya hidup individu dapat diukur melalui tiga dimensi yaitu aktivitas, minat, dan opini. Pada aktivitas, mayoritas waktu luang siswi K-popers digunakan untuk hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan K-pop dan pembelanjaan produk yang terkait dengan K-pop. Pada minat, siswi K-popers hanya menyukai dan memprioritaskan hal-hal yang berkaitan dengan K-pop. Pada opini, siswi K-popers berpendapat bahawa K-pop memberikan dampak positif dan negatif. Intensitas konsumsi yang tinggi terhadap K-pop juga berdampak pada berkurangnya konsentrasi siswi pada saat pembelajaran IPS, sehingga pendidikan karakter pada pembelajaran IPS tidak tersampaikan dengan baik
PAKAIAN SYAR’I, MEDIA DAN KONSTRUKSI KESALEHAN PEREMPUAN
Authors: Afifah Nurul
Published: April 2019

One of the themes that are often sought after by Muslim women on social media is the syar'i clothing. It aims to find clothes that are in accordance with the shari'ah of Religion. On the contrary, the production of syar'i clothing on social media is increasing. This study would like to look further at how media discourse attracts attention and constructs women's understandings of the syar'i clothing. This study use the discourse analysis approach by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe – with stages: exploration, identification, classification and interpretation. The results of this study are (1) the syar'i clothing discourse on social media is one form of social phenomena in society that is in the form of the emergence of a movement from a particular group in the State of Indonesia (2) basically that discourse is hegemony to clothing not syar'i. (3) the discourses also show the existence of certain motives from the pro syar'i group, namely in the form of realizing and demanding equality and recognition as the cultures of Indonesian society which already existed and were known in Indonesian society.Salah satu tema yang sering diminati oleh wanita muslim di media sosial adalah Pakaian Syar’i. Hal ini bertujuan mencari pakaian yang sesuai dengan syari’at Agama. Sebaliknya, produksi Pakaian Syar’i di media sosial pun semakin meningkat. Kajian ini ingin melihat lebih jauh bagaimana wacana media menarik perhatian dan mengkonstruk pemahaman-pemahaman wanita tentang Pakaian Syar’i. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan analisis wacana Ernesto Laclau dan Chantal Mouffe – dengan Tahapan; eksplorasi, identifikasi, klasifikasi dan interpretasi. Hasil dari kajian ini adalah (1) wacana Pakaian Syar’i di media sosial adalah salah satu bentuk fenomena sosial di masyarakat yakni berupa munculnya sebuah gerakan dari kelompok tertentu di Negara Indonesia (2) pada dasarnya wacana-wacana tersebut merupakan bentuk hegemoni terhadap pakaian-pakaian yang dianggap tidak syar’i. (3) wacana-wacana itu juga menunjukkan adanya motif-motif tertentu dari kelompok pro syar’i yakni berupa mewujudkan dan menuntut kesetaraan dan pengakuan selayaknya budaya-budaya masyarakat Indonesia yang sudah lebih dulu ada dan dikenal di masyarakat Indonesia.
MEMIKIRKAN KEMBALI PERSPEKTIF SOSIOLOGIS: Upaya Peningkatan Mutu Kualitas Artikel di Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif
Authors: Suryana Yayan , Arifin Achmad Zainal
Published: April 2019

This article aims to enhance the quality of paper submitted to Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif (JSR) by exploring some weaknesses of submitted articles to JSR within two last editions of using online journal system. Based on reasons used by the management of JSR in rejecting submitted articles at the first stage, which shows that around 23 percent of them are due to the lack of sociological perspective or framework, it is important to reconsidering the meaning of employing sociological perspective the the article. The ability to understand the basic characteristics of sociological analysis becomes the most fundamental requirements in producing a good sociological article. How we should formulate a good sociological question will determine the quality of a sociological paper. At this point, reconsidering and understanding how we should use a basic concept of sociological imagination in formulating a research question will help to focus an article on being strongly considered as sociological, in addition to the use of sociological theories. Besides, many articles are not built upon an adequate literature review. Some of them use literature reviews as making a summary of other people have done without further discussing their differences and contributions both theoretically and practically.
HUMANKIND REVOLUTION: SEJARAH SINGKAT TAHAPAN KEHIDUPAN MANUSIA
Authors: Aulia Deyana
Published: April 2019

Judul          :  Sapiens; Riwayat Singkat Umat ManusiaPengarang : Yuval Noah HaririPenerbit.     : Kepustakaan Populer GramediaCetakan.     : 2017
MORALITAS, PASAR DAN GERAKAN DAKWAH: Dinamika Literasi Generasi Milenial di Kota Palu, Sulawesi Tengah
Authors: Uzair Fauzan Achmad
Published: April 2019

The Literacy level of Indonesian is relatively low. It can be inferred from the number of people who access newspapers less than 10 percent of Indonesia’s population. Nonetheless not necessarily the publishing company is in total failure. In the midst of the relatively low of literacy rate, the number of newspapers grew rapidly especially after the New Order. This study aims to find out how the dynamics of the development of the publishing industry in the middle of the relatively low of literacy rate. This study employs qualitative research methods. Primary data is obtained by conducting observations, interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). The result show that despite a wave of a relatively of literacy rates and limited income power, the book Industry still survives and some of them very dynamics. This study also indicates that the popularity of Islamic book is not only depend on the establish publishers with there distribution network, but also the social environment factors of the readers.Tingkat membaca di Indonesia tergolong rendah. Dapat dilihat dari jumlah penduduk  yang mengakses suratkabar kurang dari 10 persen populasi Indonesia. Meskipun demikian, tidak serta merta industri penerbitan gagal total. Di tengah tidak kunjung membaiknya tingkat baca, jumlah surat kabar justru berkembang pesat selepas Orde Baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana dinamika perkembangan industry buku di tengah minat baca yang rendah. Metode penelitian kualitatif, data primer diperoleh dengan melakukan observasi, wawamcara dan FGD. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa meski diterpa gelombang tingkat baca yang rendah dan keterbatasan daya beli, industri buku masih bertahan dan sebagian lainnya bahkan berkembang sangat dinamis. Hasil penelitian kami menunjukkan bahwa buku-buku bertema keislaman yang memiliki jangkauan pembaca milenial paling luas adalah buku yang ditulis dalam bahasa yang sederhana, lugas dan sebagian cenderung puitis. Tingkat penetrasi buku populer yang diterbitkan oleh penerbit mapan di pasar pembaca tertentu tidak selalu berbanding lurus dengan kuatnya jaringan distribusi yang dimilikinya menyiratkan adanya faktor non-pasar yang turut menentukan. Faktor lingkungan sosial pembaca juga turut memediasi atau memfasilitasi penetrasi buku.
Las relaciones ruso-españolas en el siglo XXI: una mirada desde Rusia
Authors: Filatov Georgy
Published: April 2019

A principios del siglo XXI después de superar la crisis económica rusa de los 90 se estrecharon los lazos entre Rusia y España: aumentó el volumen de negocios y el flujo de turistas rusos al país ibérico. Los rusos empezaron a invertir activamente en el mercado inmobiliario español. En el ámbito de la política internacional, los Estados coincidían en la lucha contra el terrorismo internacional y la crítica del separatismo. Sin embargo, tenían serias discrepancias. Las autoridades rusas se mostraron en contra de la participación activa de España en la invasión estadounidense de Irak en 2003. Pero la etapa más difícil en las relaciones empezó después de la crisis ucraniana de 2014, cuando los países occidentales, incluida España, impusieron sanciones a Rusia. Sin embargo, a pesar de las tensiones entre Rusia y la Unión Europea, Madrid mantiene una relación especial con Moscú. El Gobierno español acogió submarinos rusos en Ceuta.
La perspectiva china hacia España desde el tardofranquismo hasta la actualidad
Authors: Martín Rodríguez Rafael
Published: April 2019

El presente artículo aborda la cuestión de la imagen proyectada por España en el Gobierno chino y su ciudadanía desde el tardofranquismo, coincidiendo con el momento del acuerdo entre ambos países hasta la actualidad. España fue, hasta casi el final de los años ochenta, un país cuyos cambios políticos provocaron una reacción directa en la perspectiva gubernamental china que influyó notablemente en el tipo de tratamiento dado en los periódicos sobre el país. Al mismo tiempo, una diplomacia personalista se va desarrollando de España a China desde finales de los setenta hasta mediados de los ochenta, que irá procurando una imagen permanente pero difusa en el imaginario chino sobre España. A partir de ese momento, y dada la buena sintonía entre los Gobiernos españoles y chinos, pero con escasa presencia hispánica en el día a día del país, se irán figurando dos perspectivas diferentes, la gubernamental y la ciudadana, hasta la eclosión actual, en la que España, carente de un plan específico de imagen, se ha dejado arrastrar dentro del mundo de los tópicos imaginarios de cara al ciudadano chino, lo que habrá de conllevar su correspondiente reflejo diplomático, del Gobierno chino al español, en los años venideros.
PEMILIHAN PEJABAT NEGARA PADA LEMBAGA NEGARA PENUNJANG DALAM SISTEM PRESIDENSIAL: STUDI KASUS KPU RI PERIODE 2017-2022
Authors: Martini Rina
Published: April 2019

This research focuses on the involvement of President and Parliament in the selection of committees in General Election Commission (Komisi Pemilihan Umum/KPU). This article uses  Douglas Verney's theory on the principles of presidential government system as an analytical lens. This research found that theselection processes of KPU's committees, 2017-2022, that involved national parliamentary body has been procedurally proven to follow  Law No. 15/2011. Yet, some effort to include party's interest within is also visible. Meanwhile, President's involvement in the process is done through the formation of Selection Team appointed directly from President's close network. In both processes, there is bargaining process that requires the prospectus KPU committees to have commitment to support each party's interest (president and parties in parliamentary body). As such, it is clear there is a tendency to politicize the institution from each institution, and therefore, there is a crucial need for revising regulation on election commission.
Competing Risks Model with Partially Step-Stress Accelerate Life Tests in Analyses Lifetime Chen Data under Type-II Censoring Scheme
Authors: Abu-Zinadah Hanaa H. , Sayed-Ahmed Neveen
Published: April 2019

The experiment design may need a stress level higher than use condition which is called accelerate life tests (ALTs). One of the most ALTs appears in different applications in the life testes experiment is partially step stress ALTs. Also, the experiment items is failure with several fatal risk factors, the only one is caused to failure which called competing risk model. In this paper, the partially step-stress ALTs based on Type-II censoring scheme is adopted under the different risk factors belong to Chen lifetime distributions. Under this assumption, we will estimate the model parameters of the different causes with the maximum likelihood method. The two, asymptotic distributions and the parametric bootstrap will be used to build each confidence interval of the model parameters. The precision results will be assessed through Monte Carlo simulation study.
Quantifying Mean Peak Running Intensities in Elite Field Hockey
Authors: Delves Robert I.M. , Bahnisch Jamie , Ball Kevin , Duthie Grant M.
Published: April 2019

Delves, RIM, Bahnisch, J, Ball, K, and Duthie, GM. Quantifying mean peak running intensities in elite field hockey. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2604–2610, 2021—To replicate match demands in training, field hockey (FH) coaches typically prescribe intensities based on whole-match data. Such data may underestimate peak competition periods, potentially underpreparing athletes for competition. This study then aimed to quantify maximal mean running intensities during elite FH competition to facilitate enhanced training prescription. Ten-Hertz Global Positioning System data were collected from 17 male and 11 female FH athletes who competed in the 2016 and 2017 Australian Hockey League tournaments. Maximal mean values for speed, acceleration, and metabolic power (Pmet) were calculated over a 1- to 10-minute moving average by position. Summary match statistics were also analyzed. Linear mixed models were constructed to determine the effect of position on moving average and summary variables. Pairwise comparisons between groups were made using magnitude-based inferences. In female competition, speed and Pmet intensities were greater in midfielders, whereas defenders were lowest in acceleration demands over the 10-minute window and in corresponding intercepts. In male competition, acceleration was greater in defenders during the 10-minute window and in subsequent intercepts compared with midfielders, whereas defenders were lowest in speed intercepts. In comparison with previously reported summary match variables, intensities from the 1-minute moving average interval were 50–65% greater in male competition and 30–50% greater in female competition. The 10-minute moving average framework has identified FH running intensities that are greater than previously reported whole-match averages. This information enhances the understanding of the demands of FH, assisting practitioners to prepare their athletes for the most demanding instances of play.
World-Class Long-Distance Running Performances Are Best Predicted by Volume of Easy Runs and Deliberate Practice of Short-Interval and Tempo Runs
Authors: Casado Arturo , Hanley Brian , Santos-Concejero Jordan , Ruiz-Pérez Luis M.
Published: April 2019

Casado, A, Hanley, B, Santos-Concejero, J, and Ruiz-Pérez, LM. World-class long-distance running performances are best predicted by volume of easy runs and deliberate practice of short-interval and tempo runs. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2525–2531, 2021—The aim of this novel study was to analyze the effect of deliberate practice (DP) and easy continuous runs completed by elite-standard and world-class long-distance runners on competitive performances during the first 7 years of their sport careers. Eighty-five male runners reported their best times in different running events and the amounts of different DP activities (tempo runs and short- and long-interval sessions) and 1 non-DP activity (easy runs) after 3, 5, and 7 years of systematic training. Pearson's correlations were calculated between performances (calculated using the International Association of Athletics Federations' scoring tables) and the distances run for the different activities (and overall total). Simple and multiple linear regression analysis calculated how well these activities predicted performance. Pearson's correlations showed consistently large effects on performance of total distance (r ≥ 0.75, p < 0.001), easy runs (r ≥ 0.68, p < 0.001), tempo runs (r ≥ 0.50, p < 0.001), and short-interval training (r ≥ 0.53, p < 0.001). Long-interval training was not strongly correlated (r ≥ 0.22). Total distance accounted for significant variance in performance (R
2 ≥ 0.57, p < 0.001). Of the training modes, hierarchical regression analysis showed that easy runs and tempo runs were the activities that accounted for significant variance in performance (p < 0.01). Although DP activities, particularly tempo runs and short-interval training, are important for improving performance, coaches should note that the non-DP activity of easy running was crucial in better performances, partly because of its contribution to total distance run.
Impaired Isometric, Concentric, and Eccentric Rate of Torque Development at the Hip and Knee in Patellofemoral Pain
Authors: Ferreira Amanda S. , de Oliveira Silva Danilo , Barton Christian J. , Briani Ronaldo V. , Taborda Bianca , Pazzinatto Marcella F. , de Azevedo Fábio M.
Published: April 2019

Ferreira, AS, de Oliveira Silva, D, Barton, CJ, Briani, RV, Taborda, B, Pazzinatto, MF, and de Azevedo, FM. Impaired isometric, concentric, and eccentric rate of torque development at the hip and knee in patellofemoral pain. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2492–2497, 2021—The aims of this study were to compare maximal muscle strength and rate of torque development (RTD) of knee extensor and hip abductor during isometric, concentric, and eccentric contractions between women with and without patellofemoral pain (PFP). Thirty-eight women with PFP (PFPG) and 38 pain-free women (CG) participated in this study. Isometric, concentric, and eccentric maximal torque and RTD of knee extensor and hip abductor were assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Rate of torque development was calculated as the change in torque over the change in time from torque onset to 30, 60, and 90% of the maximal torque (RTD30%, RTD60%, and RTD90%) during isometric, concentric, and eccentric contractions. PFPG had lower isometric, concentric, and eccentric knee extensor maximal torque (29.9, 28.3, and 26.7%) compared with the CG. For knee extensor RTD, PFPG had slower isometric RTD30% (17.8%), RTD60% (21.5%), and RTD90% (23.4%); slower concentric RTD30% (35.7%), RTD60% (29.3%), and RTD90% (28.2%); and slower eccentric RTD30% (20.5%), RTD60% (25.2%), and RTD90% (22.5%) compared with the CG. PFPG had lower isometric, concentric, and eccentric hip abductor maximal torque (28.3, 21.8, and 17%) compared with the CG. For hip abductor RTD, PFPG had slower isometric RTD30% (32.6%), RTD60% (31.1%), and RTD90% (25.4%); slower concentric RTD90% (11.5%); and slower eccentric RTD30% (19.8%), RTD60% (26.4%), and RTD90% (24%) compared with the CG. In conclusion, women with PFP presented deficits in both maximal strength and RTD of knee extensor and hip abductor during isometric, concentric, and eccentric contractions, which highlight the potential importance of addressing different aspects of muscle function through exercise therapy.
Thermoregulation and Hydration in Female American Football Players During Practices
Authors: Lopez Rebecca M. , Ashley Candi D. , Zinder Steven M. , Tritsch Amanda J.
Published: April 2019

Lopez, RM, Ashley, CD, Zinder, SM, and Tritsch, AJ. Thermoregulation and hydration in female American football players during practices. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2552–2557, 2021—Little is known about hydration practices and thermoregulation in female tackle football players. The purpose of the study was to examine the thermoregulatory and hydration responses of female professional American football players. Fifteen females from the same tackle football team volunteered for this observational field study. Each subject was observed for 4 practices for the following measures: gastrointestinal temperature (TGI), maximum TGI, heart rate (HR), maximum HR (HRmax), fluid consumption, sweat rate, percent body mass loss (%BML), urine specific gravity (USG), urine color (Ucol), perceptual measures of thirst, thermal sensations, and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Descriptive data (mean ± SD) were calculated for all measures. Main measures were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. Trials took place during evening practices. Average TGI during practices was 38.0 ± 0.3° C while maximum TGI was 38.4 ± 0.3° C (n = 14). Average practice HR was 118 ± 11 b·min−1, while HRmax was 148 ± 13 b·min−1. Subjects arrived at practices with Ucol of 3 ± 1 and USG of 1.018 ± 0.007. Postpractice USG (1.022 ± 0.007) was significantly higher than prepractice across all days (p < 0.001). The average sweat rate across 4 practices was 0.6 ml·h−1. Average %BML was 0.3 ± 0.4%. Thirst and thermal sensations were moderate (4 ± 1 and 5 ± 1, respectively), while RPE was 11 ± 1. Female football players tended to have similar physiological responses to males. Although subjects seemed to adequately match their sweat losses with fluid consumed during practice, there was considerable variability in hydration indices and hydration habits, with some subjects experiencing hypohydration and others overestimating their fluid needs. Those working with this population should emphasize the need for hydration education and establish individualized hydration regimens.
Validity of Session-Rate of Perceived Exertion to Quantify Training Loads in Paralympic Swimmers
Authors: Sinnott-O'Connor Ciara , Comyns Thomas M. , Warrington Giles D.
Published: April 2019

Sinnott-O'Connor, C, Comyns, TM, and Warrington, GD. Validity of session-RPE to quantify training loads in Paralympic swimmers. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2611–2615, 2021—Multiple measures may be used by coaches to quantify training load (TL). The application of heart rate (HR) has limitations in swimming and in Paralympic swimmers, and it may not always be a suitable measure. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the session-rate of perceived exertion (sRPE) method for quantifying internal TL in Paralympic swimmers. A further aim was to examine the relationship between athlete and coach perceptions of sRPE TL. Four international Paralympic swimmers selected to compete in Rio 2016 Paralympic Games participated in this study. Heart rate, RPE, and session duration were recorded for 30 training sessions of varied intensities across a 6-week home training period to quantify TL. Significant high to very high positive correlations were observed between sRPE and 3 HR-based measures—Banister's, Edwards, and Lucia's TRIMP (r = 0.68, 0.66, 0.74, p < 0.01, respectively). Moderate correlations were observed between sRPE and distance measures (r = 0.53, p < 0.05) but were lower than those observed with HR-based measures. A 2-way analysis of variance identified significant differences in the sRPE ratings between coaches and athletes (F
(2, 108) = 170.4, p < 0.01, η2 = 0.75). The results of this study suggest that the sRPE method may be an appropriate monitoring tool for quantifying TL during water-based training using a single measure in Paralympic swimmers.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Cleavage Product Improves Cognitive Function in a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome
Authors: Day Stephen M. , Yang Wenzhong , Wang Xin , Stern Jennifer E. , Zhou Xueyan , Macauley Shannon L. , Ma Tao
Published: April 2019

Currently there is no effective therapy available for cognitive impairments in Down syndrome (DS), one of the most prevalent forms of intellectual disability in humans associated with the chromosomes 21 trisomy. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that maintains glucose homeostasis by stimulating insulin secretion. Its natural cleavage product GLP-1 (9-36) lacks insulinotropic effects and has a low binding affinity for GLP-1 receptors; thus, GLP-1 (9-36) has historically been identified as an inactive metabolite. Conversely, recent work has demonstrated interesting physiological properties of GLP-1 (9-36) such as cardioprotection and neuroprotection. We have previously shown that GLP-1 (9-36) administration enhances neuronal plasticity in young WT mice and ameliorates cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we report that systemic administration of GLP-1 (9-36) in Ts65Dn DS model mice of either sex resulted in decreased mitochondrial oxidative stress in hippocampus and improved dendritic spine morphology, increase of mature spines and reduction of immature spines. Importantly, these molecular alterations translated into functional changes in that long-term potentiation failure and cognitive impairments in TsDn65 DS model mice were rescued with GLP-1 (9-36) treatment. We also show that chronic GLP-1 (9-36) treatment did not alter glucose tolerance in either WT or DS model mice. Our findings suggest that GLP-1 (9-36) treatment may have therapeutic potential for DS and other neurodegenerative diseases associated with increased neuronal oxidative stress.
CRF Mediates Stress-Induced Pathophysiological High-Frequency Oscillations in Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Narla Chakravarthi , Jung Paul S. , Bautista Cruz Francisco , Everest Michelle , Martinez-Trujillo Julio , Poulter Michael O.
Published: April 2019

It is not known why there is increased risk to have seizures with increased anxiety and stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Stressors cause the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) both from the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and from CNS neurons located in the central amygdala and GABAergic interneurons. We have previously shown that CRF signaling is plastic, becoming excitatory instead of inhibitory after the kindling model of epilepsy. Here, using Sprague Dawley rats we have found that CRF signaling increased excitability after TBI. Following TBI, CRF type 1 receptor (CRFR1)-mediated activity caused abnormally large electrical responses in the amygdala, including fast ripples, which are considered to be epileptogenic. After TBI, we also found the ripple (120–250 Hz) and fast ripple activity (>250 Hz) was cross-frequency coupled with θ (3–8 Hz) oscillations. CRFR1antagonists reduced the incidence of phase coupling between ripples and fast ripples. Our observations indicate that pathophysiological signaling of the CRFR1increases the incidence of epileptiform activity after TBI. The use for CRFR1antagonist may be useful to reduce the severity and frequency of TBI associated epileptic seizures.
V. Ruzgas apie darbinį mokymą
Authors: Širiakovienė Asta
Published: April 2019

Straipsnis skirtas žymaus kultūros ir švietimo veikėjo – mokytojo, pedagogo metodininko, daugelio vadovėlių autoriaus, vertėjo, muziejininko, vieno iš bibliotekininkystės pradininkų Lietuvoje - Vinco Ruzgo (1890 – 1972) šimtosioms gimimo metinėms. Pažymint, kad kuriant naują Lietuvos mokyklą, vienu tvirčiausių ramsčių tampa istorija, o pedagoginis palikimas - svarbia tautinės mokyklos gaivinimo prielaida, straipsnyje plačiau aptariamos V. Ruzgo mintys apie darbinį mokymą pradinėse klasėse. Konstatuojama, kad V. Ruzgo rekomendacija pradinėse klasėse rankų darbams skirti ne mažiau kaip 4-6 valandas, dabartinėje mokykloje nėra įgyvendinama, tačiau net ir turint mažiau valandų, metodiniai Ruzgo patarimai, kaip organizuoti šias pamokas yra labai pravartūs. Mokytojams vertėtų atkreipti dėmesį, kad darbų mokymas turėtų būti kaip įmanoma labiau individualizuotas, reikėtų labiau atsižvelgti į mokinių pomėgius ir interesus, ir visais įmanomais būdais vengti šabloniškumo, aklo „vergavimo” programai. Siekiant sužadinti mokinių susidomėjimą, reikėtų taikyti įvairias mokymo formas, viena kurių – ekskursija.