bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coronary arteriography in patients with dextrocardia
Authors: Blankenship James C. , Ramires Joséantonio F.
Published: March 2007

Coronary arteriography is described in a patient with dextrocardia and situs inversus totalis. Six cases of coronary arteriography in dextrocardia were reviewed from the literature, and 3 other cases were reported from the authors' institutions. In 9 of the 10 patients, coronary arteriography was performed without difficulty using standard Judkins or Sones catheters. Angiographers encountering patients with dextrocardia may use standard coronary arteriographic techniques with a few subtle modifications.
Accordion effect in tortuous right coronary arteries during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Authors: Rauh R. Andrew , Ninneman Robert W. , Joseph David , Gupta Vinod K. , Senior Dale G. , Miller William P.
Published: March 2007

Coronary spasm and intimal dissection are well‐known complications of coronary angioplasty with potentially serious consequences. Their treatments are different and need to be instituted quickly to prevent vessel closure. We report two cases of mechanical deformation caused by the angioplasty hardware masquerading as dissection or spasm during coronary angioplasty of tortuous native right coronary arteries.
Case report of a coronary anomaly: Crossing obtuse marginal arteries
Authors: Bilazarian Seth D. , Jacobs Alice K. , Fonger James D. , Faxon David P.
Published: March 2007

We present a coronary anomaly of crossing obtuse marginal branches of the left circum flex coronary artery which has not been seen in our laboratory or previously reported. Recognition of anomalous intramyocardial branches of the circumflex artery was important to avoid confusion with branches of the left anterior descending artery in conventional angiographic views and was clinically important as well. Intramyocardial vessels may not be easily bypassed surgically, and therefore angioplasty may be a better therapeutic option.
Effects of rapid volume expansion on the right filling pressures after prosthetic valve surgery
Authors: Ilia Reuben , Weizman Shimon , Gueron Moshe
Published: March 2007

The effects of rapid intravascular volume expansion were studied in 12 patients, 4 to 14 years after single prosthetic heart valve replacement. The data observed showed a statistically significant mean difference before and after volume expansion of right atrial mean pressure and right ventricular end diastolic and pulmonary capillary pressures. However, right atrial and pulmonary capillary pressures equilibration was not detected. The right atrial pressure form showed abnormal variations during inspiration. Dip and plateau right ventricular diastolic pressure configuration was recorded in 6 patients after expansion, was absent in 2 and questionable in 4. A deep Y descent with an M‐shaped right atrial pressure form was recorded in all 12 patients. The explanation for these phenomena is unclear.

Thus, in the absence of pressure equilibration and clinical evidence of constriction, the abnormalities recorded during rapid volume expansion should be cautiously interpreted.
Fluoroscopic guidance in transseptal catheterization for percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy
Authors: Rocha P. , Berland J. , Rigaud M. , Fernandez F. , Bourdarias J. P. , Letac B.
Published: March 2007

A percutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy (PMBV) was attempted on 190 patients with fluoroscopic guidance of atrial septal puncture for transseptal catheterization; In 3 cases, the procedure could not be performed. The left atrium was always reached on the first attempt, when the relationship of the Brockenbrough needle to the aortic catheter was previously observed in 3 fluoroscopic views: anteroposterior, 45° right anterior oblique, and lateral. The atrial septal puncture site was located immediately below the aortic valve level, probably in the fossa ovalis, for the first 80 patients, and at mid distance between the aortic valve level and the diaphragm for the last 110. Hemodynamic data were similar in both groups.

Fluoroscopic guidance for atrial septal puncture seemed capital for patients with scoliosis or in whom a vascular distortion (e.g., advanced pregnancy, right inferior vena cava absence) prevented a perfect parallelism between the needle curve and the needle outer index.
Cardiac tamponade following coronary arterial rupture during coronary angioplasty
Authors: Nassar Hisham , Hasin Yonathan , Gotsman Mervyn S.
Published: March 2007

We describe a patient in whom percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) was complicated by rupture of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) with pericardial tamponade. The outcome was favorable with drastic intervention which included: occlusion of the bleeding vessel with the PTCA balloon, pericardiocentesis, and ligation of the vessel without the need of aortocoronary bypass graft.
Angioplasty of an oversized venous bypass graft using two fixed wire systems
Authors: Weston Mark W. , Rinde‐Hoffman Deborah
Published: March 2007

Oversized saphenous vein bypass grafts may be inadequately dilated using currently available coronary angioplasty catheters. The hugging balloon technique has been previously described for lesions in large saphenous vein grafts. We report the initial use of the hugging balloon technique using two fixed wire angioplasty catheters in an oversized saphenous vein graft.
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty utilizing prolonged balloon inflations: Initial results and six‐month follow‐up
Authors: Staudacher Richard A. , Hess Kenneth R. , Harris Scott L. , Abu‐Khalil John , Heibig Jacques
Published: March 2007

Coronary angioplasty (PTCA) using prolonged balloon inflation has obviated emergency coronary bypass surgery in some patients with acute occlusions at the time of PTCA. However, the use of prolonged balloon inflations has not been shown to improve longterm restenosis rates. As an alternative to the passive autoperfusion catheter, we evaluated a hemoperfusion system in which blood was obtained from the side arm of an arterial sheath and infused through the central lumen of standard balloon catheters via a modified Medrad IV pump during balloon inflation. PTCA was performed in 71 male patients (median age 57 yr). The median balloon inflation time was 4.8 minutes and the median rate of blood perfusion was 30 ml/min. PTCA was successful (lumen increase by 20 percentage points) in 83% of patients (59/71) with diameter stenosis decreasing from a median 82% to 30%.

Emergency coronary bypass was required in four patients (5%). Angiographic data for six‐month followup was available on 37 patients. The restenosis rate (loss of 50% of gain) was 46% (17/37). The conclusion is that prolonged balloon inflation angioplasty has a role in complicated PTCA but offers no advantage in improving long‐term restenosis rates in elective PTCA.
Intravascular stents in the management of superior vena cava syndrome
Authors: Solomon Neil , Wholey Mark H. , Jarmolowski Chester R.
Published: March 2007

Superior vena cava syndrome can be effectively palliated with the use of intravascular stents. Adjunctive modalities which may be utilized prior to stent placement are thrombolytic therapy and balloon angioplasty. Six patients with an underlying malignancy were treated with these modalities. Complete resolution of symptoms occurred in five patients, and partial resolution occurred in the sixth. Two of the patients who had initial, complete resolution of symptoms had recurrences. One involved rethrombosis of the superior vena cava which occurred twice and required percutaneous thrombectomy, and the second involved restenosis requiring a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the SVC just distal to the stent. Both of these patients with second procedures, again, had complete resolution of symptoms. Intravascular stents are a valuable additional treatment of superior vena cava syndrome.
A femoral vein‐femoral artery loop technique for aortic dilatation in children
Authors: Hosking Martin C. K. , Benson Leland N. , Freedom Robert M.
Published: March 2007

Balloon aortic dilatation is now a recognized therapy for aortic stenosis in children. Using retrograde approaches with either single or double balloons, successful dilatation can be readily achieved, but with little control of balloon position across the valve. We describe a femoral vein‐femoral artery loop technique via a transseptal approach which facilitates antegrade crossing of the stenotic aortic valve and allows optimal balloon control and simultaneous pressure gradient recording during the procedure.
Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition on the incidence of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Authors: Brozovich Frank V. , Morganroth Joel , Gottlieb Neil B. , Gottlieb Ronald S.
Published: March 2007

To determine whether angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition may reduce the incidence of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), we retrospectively identified 322 consecutive patients who underwent a successful procedure from June 1988 to December 1989. No patients developed chest pain, ST segment elevation, positive cardiac enzymes, or other evidence of abrupt vessel closure following the PTCA. All patients received intravenous heparin after PTCA and aspirin was begun on the day prior to PTCA. Patients were separated into two groups: those at hospital discharge incidentally treated for hypertension or heart failure with ACE inhibitors (n=36), and those treated with a drug regimen which did not include ACE inhibitors (n=286). The two groups were similar with respect to age (61 ± 13.5 vs. 60 ± 12.5, p=NS) and other demographic characteristics. Restenosis, defined as the presentation to a physician with symptoms of angina within 6 months of the PTCA and the finding on repeat catheterization of a significant restenosis at the site of the PTCA, occurred in 30% of the patients who were discharged on a drug regimen which did not include ACE inhibitors vs. 3% (p <.05) in those treated with an ACE inhibitor. Thus, it appears that the use of ACE inhibitors may significantly reduce the incidence of restenosis after successful PTCA.
The naci registry: An instrument for the evaluation of new approaches to coronary intervention
Authors: Steenkiste Ann R. , Baim Donald S. , Sipperly Mary Ellen , Desvigne‐Nickens Patrice , Robertson Thomas , Detre Katherine
Published: March 2007

The New Approaches to Coronary Intervention (NACI) Registry was developed to collect in‐depth data about patients whose coronary artery lesions are being treated with new interventional techniques such as atherectomy, stents, and laser devices. The NACI Registry database distinguishes among several possible „modes”︁ for device use, such as preparatory, planned definitive, and bailout use. Common definitions are used for data collection across all devices, and device‐specific forms are used to record procedural details. NACI's unique modular form design facilitates thorough data collection, even for the most complex treatment scenarios. The database structure allows for data analysis at the patient, procedure, lesion, and device levels, as required to perform in‐depth analyses of the immediate and long‐term success of new devices. Once adequate knowledge of basic device performance has been collected, the Registry structure can also allow expeditious planning and performance of randomized trials comparing a new device to conventional PTCA.
Coronary occlusion following diagnostic angiography: Salvage by intracoronary stenting
Authors: St. Goar Frederick G. , Giacomini John C. , Fischell Tim A.
Published: March 2007

Catheter‐induced coronary artery dissection and occlusion is a rare but serious complication of diagnostic cardiac angiography. This report describes the successful management of this complication with an intracoronary stent after prolonged balloon inflations and intracoronary thrombolytic therapy were unsuccessful.
Hemodynamic effects of prostaglandin e1 in patients with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Weesner Kenneth M.
Published: March 2007

Investigations were performed to determine whether prostaglandin E, (PGE1) would cause a favorable change in pulmonary hemodynamics in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Twenty‐seven patients (ages 0.5 months to 19 years) were studied. PGE1 caused a significant decrease in mean pulmonary artery pressure with 0.05 μg/kg/min and 0.1 μg/kg/min infusions (p = .0004). There were significant increases in pulmonary blood flow (p = .0007), and decreases in pulmonary vascular resistance (p = .0001); changes in systemic pressure, resistance, oxygen consumption, and heart rate were minimal. Twenty‐three patients underwent heart surgery after catheterization, nineteen of these survived. The four nonsurvivors had higher initial pulmonary resistance (PVR) and less decline in PVR with PGE, than survivors. This study shows that PGE, is an effective pulmonary vasodilator in patients with congenital heart disease and elevated pulmonary vascular resistance.
Surgical aortic valvuloplasty using the cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator: An invasive hemodynamic follow‐up study
Authors: Leithe Mark E. , Kevin Harrison J. , Davidson Charles J. , Scott Rankin J. , Pierce Cynthia , Kisslo Katherine B. , Bashore Thomas M.
Published: March 2007

Valve repair and calcium debridement in patients with calcific aortic stenosis, using the Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (CUSA), results in a reduction in the aortic valve gradient while potentially avoiding long‐term problems inherent to prosthetic valves. Invasive followup data in these patients has not previously been reported. Ten patients in whom CUSA debridement was performed underwent cardiac catheterization prior to and 8.0 ± 2.5 months following the procedure.

Compared to baseline, the aortic valve area significantly increased from 0.75 ± 0.2 to 1.1 ± 0.3 cm2 (p = 0.009) and the mean gradient was significantly reduced from 54 ± 21 to 27 ± 21 mmHg (p = 0.02) at followup. No significant change was noted in cardiac output, ejection fraction, left ventricular end systolic or diastolic volumes or left ventricular end diastolic pressure. However, 6 patients were found to have at least one grade worsening of aortic regurgitation. The development of increased aortic insufficiency in many patients after CUSA aortic valve debridement will likely limit this procedure's clinical utility.
Directional coronary atherectomy for failed angioplasty due to occlusive coronary dissection
Authors: Warner Mark , Chami Youssef , Johnson Dana , Cowley Michael J.
Published: March 2007

We describe a case in which coronary balloon angioplasty failed to improve sequential lesions and resulted in a long area of dissection between the stenoses. Directional coronary atherectomy of the occlusive dissection produced excellent angiographic improvement to achieve a successful result and avoid the need for urgent coronary bypass surgery. Directional coronary atherectomy represents a potentially useful treatment for PTCA‐induced coronary dissection.
“Hugging balloons” through a single 8‐french guide: Salvage angioplasty with lytic therapy in the infarct vessel of a 40‐year‐old man
Authors: Krucoff Mitchell W. , Smith Jack E. , Jackman John D. , Croll Martha A. , Phillips Harry R. , Stack Richard
Published: March 2007

We report the a case of hugging balloons through an 8‐French guiding catheter to stabilize an ectatic right coronary artery following failed thrombolytic therapy In the setting of acute myocardial infarction. Angiographic follow‐up at 1 wk and 6 mo revealed persistent vessel patency.
Multiple coronary artery aneurysms in an adult associated with extensive thrombus formation resulting in acute myocardial infarction: Successful treatment with intracoronary urokinase, intravenous hepahn, and oral anticoagulation
Authors: Myler Richard K. , Schechtmann Norberto S. , Rosenblum Joseph , Collinsworth Kenneth A. , Bashour Tali T. , Ward Kathleen , Murphy Mary C. , Stertzer Simon H.
Published: March 2007

A 37‐yr‐old white female was admitted to hospital with an evolving anterior myocardial infarction. Coronary arteriography revealed multiple aneurysms in the left anterior descending (and right) coronary arteries. In the left anterior descending artery, there was evidence of extensive thrombus formation. The patient was successfully treated with Intracoronary urokinase, intravenous heparin, and oral warfarin. There was partial thrombolysis in 16 hr and complete thrombolysis noted 6 wk later. This case of multiple coronary aneurysms, secondary to presumed Kawasaki disease, is the first documentation of antemortem intra‐aneurysmal coronary thrombosis treated successfully by thrombolytic and anticoagulant therapy.
Intercoronary connection and apical left ventricular hypertrophy: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Panayiotou Hercules , Perry James M. , Norris John W.
Published: March 2007

Cardiac Catheterization in a 55‐year‐old man, presenting with chronic chest pain and new T wave Inversion, showed apical left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and a large intercoronary connection between the posterior descending artery (PDA) and left anterior descending (LAD). Although the LAD was normal, selective angiography of the right coronary artery (RCA) filled the LAD retrogradely. Possible mechanisms and the literature are reviewed.
Effect of drugs on a noninvasive index of arterial compliance in healthy and heart failure patients
Authors: Domingo E. , Gilabert M. R. , Alio J. , Angel J. , Soler‐Soler J.
Published: March 2007

Ten healthy (aged 28 to 39) and ten heart failure NYHA II (aged 19 to 49) male subjects were prospectlvely studied under no drugs, under furosemide (40 mg/day), under captopril (150 mg/day) and under their association. Arterial compliance (ml/mmHg) was measured in all subjects at rest and supine. Heart failure etiology was dilated cardiomyopathy or ischemic heart disease without significant regurgitation. Arterial compliance was significantly higher In healthy than in heart failure patients in all studied conditions (p < 0.001) (healthy = 2.2 + 0.29 vs. heart failure = 0.79 + 0.14). Neither single drug nor their association induced any change in healthy subjects. Arterial compliance progressively increased in heart failure with furosemide, captopril, and their association (no drug = 0.79 + 0.14; furosemide = 0.87 + 0.15; captopril = 0.94 + 0.15 and furosemide + captopril = 0.99 + 0.14). Captopril induced a higher increment than furosemide (p < 0.001) and their association even a higher increment (p < 0.001) than any single drug.

Thus captopril and/or furosemide increased arterial compliance in heart failure but not in healthy subjects, possibly through changes in arterial wall edema and smooth muscle contraction.
Coronary artery to middle cardiac vein fistula following endomyocardial biopsy in a heart transplant patient
Authors: Yeoh Joon Kuan , Anderson Stanley T. , Federman Jacob , Esmore Don
Published: March 2007

Coronary artery fistulas draining directly into the right ventricle have been recognised as a complication of transvenous endomyocardial biopsy procedures performed in heart transplant recipients. We report a case where a fistula drained into the middle cardiac vein and outline the possible mechanism of occurrence and its prevention. The diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of these “acquired” fistulas are reviewed.
Coronary artery quantitation and data management system for paired cineangiograms
Authors: Leung Wing‐Hung , Sanders William , Alderman Edwin L.
Published: March 2007

A computerized system designed to optimize the quantitation of coronary vessels on 35 mm cineangiograms is described and validated. Because the system has two cine film digitizers, it processes paired coronary arteriograms for the evaluation of serial changes in coronary arteries. A database system was specifically designed for the storage of coronary artery quantitation data which resides on a file server in a local area network and may be accessed by multiple workstations. In radiographic phantom studies of nine contrast‐filled lucite cylinders of known size, the overall accuracy and precision for the measured diameters were 0.069 mm and 0.066 mm respectively. Measurements of minimum diameter and percent diameter stenosis of 21 coronary lesions selected from 17 routine cineangiograms showed high degree of intraobserver and interobserver reproduclbllity.
Method to allow safe catheterization of extremely obese patients
Authors: Laslett Lawrence , Rozema Raymond
Published: March 2007

A method is described which permits the performance of cardiac catheterization of markedly obese patients without risking breakage of the catheterization laboratory patient table.
Morphological changes of coronary stenosis after repeated balloon angioplasties: A quantitative angiographic study
Authors: Bauters C. , Lablanche J. M. , Leroy F. , Bertrand M. E.
Published: March 2007

To study the sequential changes of an atherosclerotic narrowing after repeated balloon dilatation, we reviewed the coronary angiograms of 11 patients who underwent at least 3 percutaneous transluminal coronary angloplasties of the same coronary segment for two restenoses. No significant changes in reference and stenosis diameters were found when comparing the three successive stenosis, but lesion length and stenosis area progressively increased. The identification of these morphological changes after repeated angioplasties may be of interest in the management of recurrent restenosis.
Contralateral femoral neuropathy: An unusual complication of anticoagulation following PTCA
Authors: Gaglani Rajesh D. , Turk Ashfaq A. , Mehra Mandeep R. , Beaver Wayne L. , Lach Ralph D.
Published: March 2007

This case report describes the occurrence of femoral neuropathy secondary to a hematoma of the iliacus muscle. This unusual complication was a result of heparin therapy following Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA). We have reviewed the anatomic correlates, mechanism, and treatment options of this condition.
Angiographically documented thrombotic coronary artery occlusion secondary to mild nonpenetrating thoracic trauma
Authors: Voyce Stephen J. , Ball Steven P. , Gore Joel M. , Shine William J. , Weiner Bonnie H.
Published: March 2007

A 22‐yr‐old man was found to have a subtotally occluding thrombus in the proximal left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery shortly after suffering mild blunt chest trauma. After 6 days of anticoagulant therapy, the LAD appeared angiographically normal.
Acute myocardial infarction after blunt chest trauma in young people: Need for prompt intervention
Authors: Calvo Orbe L. , Garcia Gallego F. , Sobrino N. , Sotillo J. , Lopez‐Sendon J. L. , Oliver J. , Coma I. , Frutos A. , Sobrino J. A. , Navarro J. M.
Published: March 2007

We describe four cases of acute myocardial infarction in young patients, secondary to blunt chest trauma. One case was treated with intracoronary thrombolysls and angioplasty, two cases received systemic thrombolysis, and the last one did not have any reperfusion therapy. The coronary angiograms of the left anterior descending artery showed thrombosis in two cases, coronary dissection in one case, and no morphological lesions in the other. We encourage the early performance of angiographic studies in these patients, adjusting the therapy to their pathophysiologic mechanism.
Intravascular stenting of the right internal mammary artery
Authors: Bajaj Ravi K. , Roubin Gary S.
Published: March 2007

Despite its tortuous course and small caliber, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of the internal mammary artery can be performed with a high initial success rate (82–94%). The successful deployment of a balloon expandable coll stent at the mid‐right internal mammary artery in a patient with recurrent stenosis of that graft is reported.
Balloon expandable stent implantation of a stenosis at the origin of the left internal mammary artery graft: A case report
Authors: Almagor Yaron , Thomas Jack , Colombo Antonio
Published: March 2007

We describe a case of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplsty in which we implanted a balloon expandable Palmaz‐Schatz stent into a high‐grade restenosed lesion at the origin of the left internal mammary graft.
Pulmonary varix: Magnetic resonance findings
Authors: Wildenhain Philip M. , Bourekas Eric C.
Published: March 2007

The magnetic resonance appearance of a confluent‐type pulmonary varix Is correlated with computed tomography and angiographic findings. This case demonstrates the usefulness of magnetic resonance in the evaluation of cardiovascular lesions.
Coronary‐subclavian steal: An unusual cause of angina pectoris after successful internal mammary‐coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Breall Jeffrey A. , Kim Ducksoo , Baim Donald S. , Skillman John J. , Grossman William
Published: March 2007

Coronary‐subclavian steal syndrome is a rare cause of angina pectoris after bypass grafting using the internal mammary artery. We report the 11th case in the literature and review the pathophysiology and treatment of this disorder. We also review appropriate screening for this possibly increasing, yet preventable disorder.
Intracoronary verapamil for the treatment of distal microvascular coronary artery spasm following ptca
Authors: Pomerantz Richard M. , Kuntz Richard E. , Diver Daniel J. , Safian Robert D. , Baim Donald S.
Published: March 2007

Distal microvascular spasm is a somewhat uncommon occurrence following PTCA and often does not respond well to nitroglycerin. We report several patients who developed distal microvascular spasm that was refractory to intracoronary nitroglycerin but responded promptly to intracoronary verapamil.
Rotational ablation of chronic coronary occlusions
Authors: Schechtmann Norberto S. , Rosenblum Joseph , Stertzer Simon H. , Hidalgo Benito , Baciewicz Peter A. , Feind Carl R. , Ward Kathleen , Myler Richard K.
Published: March 2007

Rotational ablation was performed successfully in three chronic coronary occlusions. At 3 months follow‐up, two of the three lesions were patent. These cases illustrate the overall advantages and unique technical aspects of this device.
Effects of rotational atherectomy in normal canine coronary and diseased human cadaveric arteries: Potential for plaque removal from distal, tortuous, and diffusely diseased vessels
Authors: Smalling Richard W. , Cassidy David B. , Schmidt Waldemar A. , Barrett Robert , Fulford Susan , Kirkeeide Richard L.
Published: March 2007

To test the hypothesis that tortuous, diseased vessels could be successfully treated with a flexible rotational atherectomy device we evaluated the BARD atherectomy device with quantitative angiography and histology in normal canine coronary arteries and diseased human below‐knee amputation specimens. The mid left anterior descending and the circumflex vessels were treated in 4 dogs serially with 1 wk separating treatments. The acute and follow‐up anterior descending artery size was unchanged (1.41 mm before, 1.39 mm after, and 1.59 mm at 1 week). Similar findings were obtained in the circumflex vessels. In 4 adult human amputated legs, diseased peroneal or tibial arteries were treated with a significant reduction in the percent luminal diameter stenosis from 62.75 prior to intervention to 36.5 following intervention (p = 0.021). The luminal diameter increased from 0.81 to 1.54 mm (p = 0.06). In 2 canine arteries there was histologlc evidence of localized perforation of the arterial wall, but there was no angiographic evidence of perforation or dissection and no significant myocardial necrosis in the distribution of the treated vessels at 1 wk. The majority of the diseased human vessels demonstrated smoothly cut atheromas with sparing of the media. The rotational atherectomy catheter system holds promise for removal of plaque in relatively small, diffusely diseased, tortuous vessels.
Lipids and fatty acids and their relationship to restenosis
Authors: Foley Jerome B. , Younger Kate , Foley David , Kinsella Anthony , Molloy Martin , Crean Peter A. , Gearty Gerry , Gibney Michael , Walsh Michael J.
Published: March 2007

One hundred consecutive patients had fasting lipids and percutaneous fat biopsy performed at the time of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty to determine if there was an association between restenosis and lipids or fatty acids. Angiographic follow‐up and complete lipid and fatty acid results were available in 82 patients. Restenosis occurred in 37/82 (45%). Total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and apolipoproteins A1 and B were not associated with restenosis. There was a significantly lower level of the monounsaturated fat palmitoleic acid (p < 0.02), a trend towards a lower level of the monounsaturated fat oleic acid (p < 0.09), and a trend towards a higher level of the saturated fat plamitic acid (p < 0.08) in the restenosis group. The polyunsaturated fatty acids were not associated with restenosis.

We conclude that lipids are not significantly associated with restenosis, and that lower levels of monounsaturated fatty acids may increase the risk of restenosis.
Patient tolerance of loxaglate and lopamidol in internal mammary artery arteriography
Authors: Miller Robert M. , Knox Margot
Published: March 2007

To compare discomfort caused by ioxaglate and iopamidol, 25 patients scheduled for coronary angiography including internal mammary arteriography were studied. Each patient received both agents. Data were available on 22 randomly selected patients who completed the protocol. Two patients were withdrawn because of unsuccessful internal mammary artery cannulation and one because of idiosyncratic reaction to diazepam. After the internal mammary artery injections, the short‐ form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF‐MPQ) was completed to evaluate the patient response. loxaglate caused significantly less discomfort than iopamidol. Word scale (WS) p < .05; visual analog scale (VAS) p < .05. We conclude that ioxaglate is much better tolerated than iopamidol in internal mammary arteriography.
Sitting up post angioplasty: A new sheath technology
Authors: O'Connor Heather E. , Browne Kevin F. , Bourne George , Brenner Alan S.
Published: March 2007

A new angioplasty sheath has been developed which permits a patient to sit up to a 60 degree Semi‐Fowler position post angioplasty with the sheath in place. To determine the safety of this device, we studied eleven (11) patients undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) compared with 11 PTCA patients treated in a standard fashion.

The patients were evaluated for the length of time the sheath remained in place (study 17 ± 6 hours versus control 19 ± 5 hours), the time required to achieve hemostasis upon sheath removal (66 ± 52 minutes versus 81 ± 89 minutes), and the need for analgesics (frequency of 1.9 times versus frequency of 6.4 times per patient). Complications in the study group were 0 episodes of severe bleeding at the insertion site versus 1 episode in the control group, slight oozing in 8 study patients versus 7 control patients, small hematoma in 2 study patients versus 1 control patient, and large hematoma formation in 1 study patient versus 0 control patients.

In summary, the use of a soft, flexible sheath allows the patient to safely site up in the Semi‐Fowler position post PTCA with significant improvement of discomfort.
Role of superficial femoral artery puncture in the development of pseudoaneurysm and arteriovenous fistula complicating percutaneous transfemoral cardiac catheterization
Authors: Kim Ducksoo , Orron Dan E. , Skillman John J. , Kent K. Craig , Porter David H. , Schlam Bertrand W. , Carrozza Joseph , Reis Gregg J. , Baim Donald S.
Published: March 2007

Of 13,203 transfemoral diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization procedures performed between January 1,1980 and December 31,1990,73 (0.55%) were complicated by pseudoaneurysm (PA) formation, and 15 (0.11%) by arteriovenous fistulas (AVF). The rate of PA increased progressively from 0.44% (1980–1987), to 0.59% (1987–1989), to 0.92% (1990), with no corresponding change in the incidence of AVF. The rising incidence of PA complicating transfemoral cardiac catheterization was associated closely with the use of larger diameter catheters and aggressive antiocoagulation during coronary interventions, but findings during surgical repair suggested that puncture of the superficial femoral (SFA), rather than the common femoral artery (CFA), was an important avoidable cause of some PA and AVF. A technique for fluoroscopic localization of the puncture site to avoid inadvertent SFA puncture and the associated increased risk of complication is proposed.
Reduction of radiation exposure to the cardiologist during coronary angiography by the use of a remotely controlled mechanical pump for injection of contrast medium
Authors: Grant S. C. D. , Bennett D. H. , Mather J. M.
Published: March 2007

Selective coronary cineangiography was carried out in 103 consecutive patients. In half the examinations (53) injection of contrast medium was performed by hand using a syringe, with the cardiologist standing in the usual position next to the X‐ray table. In the other half (50) contrast medium was injected by a remotely controlled mechanical pump whilst the cardiologist stood well away from the X‐ray source. Radiation dose to the lens of the cardiologists eye was estimated for the two groups by measurement of head badge dosimetry. In the first group (hand injection) total radiation dose was 1.30 mSv; in the second group (mechanical injection) it was reduced five‐fold, to 0.25 mSv.

This technique therefore represents an important means of achieving substantial reductions in radiation exposure to cardiologists.
Late transcatheter removal of a rashkind pda occlusion device for persistent hemolysis using a modified transseptal sheath
Authors: Grifka Ronald G. , O'Laughlin Martin P. , Mullins Charles E.
Published: March 2007

A patient developed hemolysis and hematuria 2 d after placement of a 12 mm Rashkind PDA occlusion device. Six days after placement, the device was snared from the ductus arteriosus and removed through a modified transseptal sheath. A 17 mm PDA occlusion device was successfully placed in the PDA, with resolution of the hematuria.
Infection prevention guidelines for cardiac catheterization laboratories
Authors: Heupler Frederick A. , Heisler Mary , Keys Thomas F. , Serkey Janet ,   Society for Cardiac Angiography and Interventions Laboratory Performance Standards Committee
Published: March 2007

The following guidelines for prevention of catheterization laboratory infections are based on standard precautions for infection prevention in surgical wounds. Specific recommendations for patient preparation include proper methods for hair removal, skin cleaning and draping, antibiotic prophylaxis, wound irrigation and dressing, and sheath removal.

Sterile precautions should be more vigorous for cutdown procedures compared to percutaneous. Caps, masks, gowns, and gloves help to protect both the patient and operator. Handwashing is the most important procedure for preventing infections. Maintenance of the catheterization laboratory environment includes appropriate cleaning, limitation of traffic, and maintenance of adequate ventilation. Proper catheterization technique and appropriate use of sterile equipment will decrease the wound infection rate.

Protection of personnel may be accomplished by proper gowning and gloving, disposal of contaminated equipment, and care of puncture wounds and lacerations. All personnel should receive vaccination for hepatitis B.
Nondegenerate π‐Donor/π‐Acceptor [2]Catenanes Containing Proton‐Ionizable 1H‐1,2,4‐Triazole Subunits: Synthesis and Spontaneous Resolution
Authors: Alcalde Ermitas , Pérez‐García Lluïsa , Ramos Susana , Stoddart J. Fraser , White Andrew J. P. , Williams David J.
Published: March 2007

Chirality can hold the key to inducing directionality of motion in components of molecular devices. With this idea in mind, we describe here 1) the template‐directed synthesis of two [2]catenanes wherein cyclobis(paraquat‐p‐phenylene) is interlocked with polyether macrocycles containing, in addition to one 3,5‐bis(oxymethylene)‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole unit, either one 1,4‐dioxybenzene or one 1,5‐dioxynaphthalene ring system. We also report 2) the full characterization of both [2]catenanes by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FABMS), X‐ray crystallography, and dynamic 1H NMR spectroscopy. We reveal 3) the fact that the [2]catenanes not only exist, both in the solution‐state and in the solid‐state, as strictly one of the two possible translational isomers, but that they also exhibit spontaneous resolution on crystallization leading to formation of homochiral crystals, as indicated by X‐ray crystallography and circular dichroism (CD) experiments. Finally, we comment 4) on the chances of switching these catenanes chemically.
Titanacyclobutenes or Titanium Vinyl Carbene Complexes? Reactivity of Organotitanium Species Generated by the Reaction of γ‐Chloroallyl Sulfides with a Titanocene(II) Reagent
Authors: Shono Tomohiro , Kurashige Rie , Mukaiyama Ryo , Tsubouchi Akira , Takeda Takeshi
Published: March 2007

The reactivity of the organotitanium species generated by the reductive titanation of γ‐chloroallyl sulfides with the titanocene(II) reagent [Cp2Ti{P(OEt)3}2] was studied. The organotitanium species formed from α‐monosubstituted γ‐chloroallyl sulfides reacted with 1,5‐diphenylpentan‐3‐one and styrene to produce conjugated dienes and vinyl cyclopropanes as major products, thus suggesting the formation of vinyl carbene complexes as intermediates. On the contrary, the organotitanium species generated from acyclic β,γ‐disubstituted γ‐chloroallyl sulfides revealed titanacyclobutene‐like reactivity, and their reaction with 1,5‐diphenylpentan‐3‐one produced homoallyl alcohols. These organotitanium species did not react with styrene, but did react with dichlorophenylphosphine to afford phosphacyclobutenes. In the case of β‐monosubstituted, γ‐monosubstituted, and α,γ‐disubstituted γ‐chloroallyl sulfides, the organotitanium species reacted with both 1,5‐diphenylpentan‐3‐one and styrene. The former reaction produced homoallyl alcohols and the latter gave vinyl cyclopropanes or unconjugated dienes. These results suggest that titanacyclobutenes and/or titanium vinyl carbene complexes are produced by the reductive titanation of γ‐chloroallyl sulfides depending on their substitution patterns.
Thio Effects on the Departure of the 3′‐Linked Ribonucleoside from Diribonucleoside 3′,3′‐Phosphorodithioate Diesters and Triribonucleoside 3′,3′,5′‐Phosphoromonothioate Triesters: Implications for Ribozyme Catalysis
Authors: Lönnberg Tuomas , Ora Mikko , Virtanen Sami , Lönnberg Harri
Published: March 2007

To provide a solid chemical basis for the mechanistic interpretations of the thio effects observed for large ribozymes, the cleavage of triribonucleoside 3′,3′,5′‐phosphoromonothioate triesters and diribonucleoside 3′,3′‐phosphorodithioate diesters has been studied. To elucidate the role of the neighboring hydroxy group of the departing 3′‐linked nucleoside, hydrolysis of 2′,3′‐O‐methyleneadenosin‐5′‐yl bis[5′‐O‐methyluridin‐3′‐yl] phosphoromonothioate (1 a) has been compared to the hydrolysis of 2′,3′‐O‐methyleneadenosin‐5′‐yl 5′‐O‐methyluridin‐3′‐yl 2′,5′‐di‐O‐methyluridin‐3′‐yl phosphoromonothioate (1 b) and the hydrolysis of bis[uridin‐3′‐yl] phosphorodithioate (2 a) to the hydrolysis of uridin‐3′‐yl 2′,5′‐di‐O‐methyluridin‐3′‐yl phosphorodithioate (2 b). The reactions have been followed by RP HPLC over a wide pH range. The phosphoromonothioate triesters 1 a,b undergo two competing reactions: the starting material is cleaved to a mixture of 3′,3′‐ and 3′,5′‐diesters, and isomerized to 2′,3′,5′‐ and 2′,2′,5′‐triesters. With phosphorodithioate diesters 2 a,b, hydroxide‐ion‐catalyzed cleavage of the PO3′ bond is the only reaction detected at pH >6, but under more acidic conditions desulfurization starts to compete with the cleavage. The 3′,3′‐diesters do not undergo isomerization. The hydroxide‐ion‐catalyzed cleavage reaction with both 1 a and 2 a is 27 times as fast as that compared with their 2′‐O‐methylated counterparts 1 b and 2 b. The hydroxide‐ion‐catalyzed isomerization of the 3′,3′,5′‐triester to 2′,3′,5′‐ and 2′,2′,5′‐triesters with 1 a is 11 times as fast as that compared with 1 b. These accelerations have been accounted for by stabilization of the anionic phosphorane intermediate by hydrogen bonding with the 2′‐hydroxy function. Thio substitution of the nonbridging oxygens has an almost negligible influence on the cleavage of 3′,3′‐diesters 2 a,b, but the hydrolysis of phosphoromonothioate triesters 1 a,b exhibits a sizable thio effect, kPO/kPS=19. The effects of metal ions on the rate of the cleavage of diesters and triesters have been studied and discussed in terms of the suggested hydrogen‐bond stabilization of the thiophosphorane intermediates derived from 1 a and 2 a.
Quantification of Actinide α‐Radiation Damage in Minerals and Ceramics.
Authors: Farnan Ian , Cho Herman , Weber William J.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Thermal Dehydration of the Double Salts K2Be(XO4)2×2H2O (X: S, Se).
Authors: Georgiev M. P. , Stoilova D. G. , Marinova D. M. , Karadjova V. A.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Remarkably Efficient Enantioselective Titanium(IV)—(R)‐H8‐BINOLate Catalyst for Arylations to Aldehydes by Triaryl(tetrahydrofuran)aluminum Reagents.
Authors: Wu Kuo‐Hui , Gau Han‐Mou
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of Fused Imidazoles and Benzothiazoles from (Hetero)aromatic ortho‐Diamines of ortho‐Aminothiophenol and Aldehydes Promoted by Chlorotrimethylsilane.
Authors: Ryabukhin Sergey V. , Plaskon Andrey S. , Volochnyuk Dmitriy M. , Tolmachev Andrey A.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reduction of Halogen‐Containing Hydrocarbons with Diisobutylaluminum Hydride, Catalyzed by LnCl3×3H2O×3(EtO)2AlOH Complexes.
Authors: Bulgakov R. G. , Kuleshov S. P. , Karamzina D. S. , Dzhemilev U. M.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
A Mild and Regioselective Method for α‐Bromination of β‐Keto Esters and 1,3‐Diketones Using Bromodimethylsulfonium Bromide (BDMS).
Authors: Khan Abu T. , Ali Md Ashif , Goswami Papori , Choudhury Lokman H.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Efficient Synthesis of Fluoroalkenes via Diethylzinc‐Promoted Wittig Reaction.
Authors: Zoute Ludivine , Dutheuil Guillaume , Quirion Jean‐Charles , Jubault Philippe , Pannecoucke Xavier
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Iodine‐Induced Transformations of Alcohols under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Stavber Gaj , Zupan Marko , Stavber Stojan
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reactions of Alkenyl Fischer Carbene Complexes with Ketene Acetals: Formation of Alkynes.
Authors: Wang Siu Ling B. , Liu Xuejun , Ruiz Miriam C. , Gopalsamuthiram Vijay , Wulff William D.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular [3C + 2C] Cycloaddition of Alkylidenecyclopropanes to Allenes.
Authors: Trillo Beatriz , Gulias Moises , Lopez Fernando , Castedo Luis , Mascarenas Jose L.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Cyclopropyl Building Blocks for Organic Synthesis. Part 135. Nickel‐Catalyzed Intermolecular [3 + 2 + 2] and [2 + 2 + 2] Cocyclizations of Bicyclopropylidene and Alkynes.
Authors: Zhao Ligang , de Meijere Armin
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Highly Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Formal Conjugate Addition of Nitroalkanes to Nitroalkenes by Chiral Ammonium Bifluoride Catalysis.
Authors: Ooi Takashi , Takada Saki , Doda Kanae , Maruoka Keiji
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
General Preparation of Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Aryl Amines by the Oxidative Coupling of Polyfunctional Aryl and Heteroaryl Amidocuprates.
Authors: del Amo Vicente , Dubbaka Srinivas Reddy , Krasovskiy Arkady , Knochel Paul
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
An Expedient Method for the Synthesis of Thiosemicarbazones under Microwave Irradiation in Solvent‐Free Medium.
Authors: Li Jian‐Ping , Zheng Peng‐Zhi , Zhu Jun‐Ge , Liu Rui‐Jie , Qu Gui‐Rong
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Suzuki—Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Benzyl Halides with Potassium Aryltrifluoroborates.
Authors: Molander Gary A. , Elia Maxwell D.
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Palladium‐Catalyzed, Triethylborane‐Promoted C‐Allylation of Naphthols and Benzene Polyols by Direct Use of Allyl Alcohols.
Authors: Kimura Masanari , Fukasaka Miki , Tamaru Yoshinao
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Organoselenium Mediated Asymmetric Cyclizations. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 1,6‐Dioxaspiro[4.4]nonanes.
Authors: Tiecco Marcello , Testaferri Lorenzo , Bagnoli Luana , Scarponi Catalina , Temperini Andrea , Marini Francesca , Santi Claudio
Published: March 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.