bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
From a Hypothesis on the Development of the Layout of Poklek Manor in Zagorska Sela, towards a hitherto Unknown Type of Residential Architecture in Continental Croatia
Authors: Čikara Duško
Published: September 2019

The hypothesis about the development of Poklek Manor House’s ground-plan presented in this paper is based on research into its façade, while the three-storey core consists of a square room and a narrow corridor with a staircase built inside the wall. The identical layout can be discerned in the ground-plans of numerous baroque buildings in the countryside or in urban areas of north-western Croatia. During a recent inspection in the field, as well as through research into some of the more complex structures, enough elements have been identified that point to a previously unknown form of spatial organization. This assumption is further reinforced by the historical illustrations of the buildings with typical ground plans, as well as by the independent conclusions of other researchers. Such a methodological approach proved to be the only possible one, since at present it is quite certain that the proposed hypothesis cannot be validated by focused and systematic research on an adequately large sample. The conclusions set out in this paper should thus be taken as an initial set of guidelines for future research, primarily conservation-restoration and archaeological studies, that aim to expand and systematize the scientific assessment of the typology and genesis of residential architecture within what may be significantly wider geographic area. It is concluded that the term curia refers to exactly those spatial cores from the second half of the 16th century. The owners were members of the small nobility and clergy, but also aristocrats, and these curiæ represent the simplest category of feudal architecture in continental Croatia at the beginning of the early modern period, while the elemental nature of the spatial organization points to their earlier origin.
Rafael Alberti en su exilio argentino: disrupción y continuidad
Authors: Prenz Kopušar Ana Cecilia
Published: September 2019

Un sintagma extraído de la novela El gran teatro de Manuel Mujica Láinez nos permite entrar de manera directa en el tema que propone tratar este número sobre las relaciones y contactos entre América Latina y Europa, en nuestro caso en lo literario. Álvaro Abós, autor del libro Al pie de la letra – Guía literaria de Buenos Aires (2011) escribe que el secreto del teatro Colón es para Mujica Láinez el secreto del entramado que también explica la Argentina, el fruto de »nuestros heterogéneos aportes« (Abós, 2011, 112). Álvaro Abós elije el espacio físico del teatro Colón, su estilo ecléctico, »consecuencia de las diferentes nacionalidades y estilos de los arquitectos que intervinieron en la obra« (Abós, 2011, 110).
Roberto Juarroz y José Ángel Valente: afinidades y convergencias
Authors: Saldaña Alfredo
Published: September 2019

Trataré algunos aspectos esenciales de dos trayectorias poéticas fundamentales durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX, las del argentino Roberto Juarroz (1925−1995) y el español José Ángel Valente (1929−2000), quienes mantuvieron una relación intensa y radical con el lenguaje, al margen de grupos y movimientos generacionales. Ambos se entregaron a un proyecto similar de estiramiento de los límites del lenguaje y encontraron en la nada y el vacío, antes que representaciones de una cierta negatividad, oportunidades de generación de nuevos sentidos. Aquí la palabra no sella ni clausura el pensamiento, sino que se ve amenazada o traspasada por un pensar que no termina de cerrarse. Lenguaje y reflexión, poesía y pensamiento, convocados en un mismo y singular acontecimiento orientado siempre hacia la explosión y la apertura, en un proyecto armado a través de la duda y la interrogación permanentes, la búsqueda del sentido y la desconfianza frente a cualquier tipo de destello identitario.
Potujitveno prevajanje kulturnega besedja v romanu Smrt Artemia Cruza
Authors: Kastelic Vukadinović Uršula
Published: September 2019

Prispevek obravnava kulturno besedje v slovenskem prevodu romana Carlosa Fuentesa Smrt Artemia Cruza. V analiziranem besedilu so številni kulturni izrazi, ki nimajo ustreznic v drugih jezikih in kulturah. Gre za elemente, ki prispevajo k potujevanju ciljnega besedila, saj se tako besedilni svet kaže kot neznan in eksotičen. Vendar pa je zanimivo, da bralca ti elementi ne zmedejo, ker v sobesedilu obstaja dovolj referenc, ki mu pomagajo razumeti bistveno, zato besedilo na mikroravni deluje koherentno. Prevajalka Alenka Bole Vrabec v primeru, ko gre za besedje, vezano na specifično kulturno okolje, najpogosteje prenese tuji kulturni izraz in ohranja španski zapis v poševnem tisku, v opombah pa razloži pomen večine teh izrazov. Na ravni kulturnega besedja se je odločila za potujitveno prevajalsko strategijo, saj bi nekatero prevzeto besedje lahko nadomestila s slovensko ustreznico ali vsaj s podomačenim zapisom v skladu s pravili slovenskega jezika. Te odločitve poudarjajo potujitveni značaj prevoda.
Referenčne in diskurzivne vloge portugalskega nesestavljenega prihodnjika v indikativu v pripovednem besedilu Budapeste
Authors: Müller Pograjc Blažka
Published: September 2019

Namen tega prispevka je osvetliti referenčno in diskurzivno delovanje nesestavljenega prihodnjika v indikativu v brazilski portugalščini v pripovednem besedilu Budapeste (Budimpešta) brazilskega avtorja Chica Buarqueja, hkrati pa ugotoviti, kakšno je besedilno okolje v smislu navzočnosti glagolskih paradigem v sekvencah, v katerih je mogoče zaznati pojavitev prihodnjika. Čeprav je Budapeste pripovedno besedilo, v katerem prevladujejo zlasti glagolske paradigme preteklostnega niza, je mogoče v štirih sekvencah s sedmimi pojavitvami opaziti tudi nesestavljeni prihodnjik v indikativu. Analiza teh sekvenc pokaže, da je pojavitev oblik prihodnjika znamenje, da se je pripoved usmerila v sedanjostno sfero pripovedovalca, torej v trenutek pripovedovanja. Ta prehod, ki ga signalizira tudi navzočnost prihodnjika s časovno vrednostjo »prihodnosti« in modalno vrednostjo »gotovosti« in hkrati »nedejanskosti«, se v sekvencah Budapeste zgodi tako v pripovednem postopku prehoda od pripovedi k opisu, v opisni sekvenci kot tudi v dialoških fragmentih, ko pripovedovalec uporabi postopek vključitve direktnega diskurza protagonistov pripovedi.
Verbal Abuse in Kindergarten and Primary School
Authors: Skubic Darija
Published: September 2019

In Slovenia and abroad, there is a fairly extensive literature on abuse of different forms, making it appear that there are very different and specific uses of certain terms that indicate the same activity or issue, such as abuse, aggression, aggression, suffering, forcing, and bullying. One of the common forms of abuse is verbal abuse, namely verbal expressions of disrespect to the victim. We live in a time when social inequality is very quickly growing among the residents of the Republic of Slovenia. In various documents produced by the European Union, preschool education in particular, but also primary school education in general, is shown to be something that contributes to fairness in the whole educational system, and has an important role in promoting social inclusion and reducing the socioeconomic and other differences among children. Therefore, I was particularly interested in whether and how verbal abuse is demonstrated as a result of the intolerance and discriminatory practices in Slovenian kindergartens and primary schools.For this purpose, a survey of the beliefs of students of three undergraduate study programmes in the Faculty of Education in Ljubljana about verbal abuse in Slovenian kindergarten and primary school was conducted. The results showed that the interviewed students perceived various representations of verbal abuse in kindergarten and primary school, and that there should be continuous education to achieve a so-called culture of active tolerance, that would help in the identification of forms of intolerance and discriminatory practices.
Women as a Scapegoat: The Formation of Violence in Neopatriarchy
Authors: Zaviršek Darja
Published: September 2019

The article analyses the phenomenon of neopatriarchy, as the continuation of classical patriarchy in neoliberal conditions. It shows that transnational neoliberalism is linked with the neoliberal masculinism, which appears as neopatriarchy and intends to answer the problems of global economic inequalities: the shortage of the jobs; the increased need for care work; ecological catastrophes and mass migrations. Instead of focusing on these issues, women have become scapegoats and are seen as guilty for societal crises. In order to discipline them, repatriarchalisation and retraditionalisation by political leaders have increased as well as by the winners and losers of the transnational neoliberalism, who use religious and nationalist ideologies to control women. The formation of neopatriarchy in post-socialist countries and in Western countries is diverse; the analysis of the different phenomena carried out in this study, from the media representations, political programmes, films and everyday normalisation of violence, show its varied appearances.
Človeški spomin kot dinamična akumulacija izkustva
Authors: Rošker Jana S.
Published: September 2019

Li Zehou sodi med najvplivnejše sodobne kitajske filozofe. V pričujočem članku si bomo podrobneje ogledali globinsko strukturo njegove teorije ter se posvetili analizi in interpretaciji njegovega koncepta sedimentacije (jidian 积淀), ki predstavlja osrednji pojem in paradigmatsko osnovo njegove miselnosti. V tem sistemu sedimentacija pomeni specifično vrsto kolektivnega spomina in proces, v katerem se informacije in izkustva v kodirani obliki nalagajo v našo zavest. V tem kontekstu avtorica analizira Li Zehoujeve poskuse izdelave dialektične rešitve protislovja med vsebino in obliko človeškega spomina. Skozi optiko tega pojma, ki ga Li razumeva kot akumulacijo družbeno racionaliziranih, arhetipskih form zaznave in izkušenj, ki so uskladiščene v človeškem spominu, bomo njegovo filozofijo tudi kritično primerjali z nekaterimi podobnimi, četudi ne identičnimi izhodišči moderne zahodne teorije.
Vloga spomina in zapisovanja pri konferenčnem tolmačenju
Authors: Maček Amalija
Published: September 2019

Prispevek želi na primeru različnih tehnik konferenčnega tolmačenja ponazoriti, kako neizmerno zmogljiv spominski aparat so človekovi možgani in kako se spomin prek pisave in mišičnega spomina vpisuje v celotno človekovo telo. Celostnega in čutnega izkustva spominskih sledi v našem telesu ter v stiku s skrivnostno materijo papirja ne more nadomestiti še tako zmogljiv pomnilnik sodobne tehnologije.
Studium memoriae
Authors: Hriberšek Matej
Published: September 2019

Prve teoretske zapise o spominu najdemo v hipokratskih spisih; z njim sta se ukvarjala tudi aleksandrinska zdravnika Herofil in Erazistrat ter pozneje Galen. Prva prava znanstvena razprava o spominu je bil Aristotelov spis O spominu in spominjanju; večina piscev pred njim se je s spominom ukvarjala zgolj sporadično. Posebno poglavje, ki je v antiki tesno povezano z obravnavo spomina, je mnemotehnika, ki je imela velik pomen predvsem zaradi retorike. Med latinskimi pisci sta se s spominom ukvarjala predvsem Ciceron in Kvintilijan. Med številnimi komentatorji Aristotelovih del sta komentarje k spisu O spominu in spominjanju napisala samo dva: Psevdo-Temistij (Sofonias) in Aleksander iz Afrodiziade. Pomembna vezna člena med antiko in srednjim vekom sta bila Avrelij Avguštin in zlasti Boetij. V latinščino so Aristotelova dela, tudi zbirko Parva naturalia, prevedli v 12. stoletju. Med prevajalci izstopata Jakob iz Benetk in še posebej Willem van Moerbeke. Pravi zagon Aristotelovemu nauku o spominu pa sta s svojim delom dala arabska učenjaka: Avicenna (Ibn Sina) s Knjigo o duši (Liber de anima) in Averroes (Ibn Rušd) s komentarjem-kompendijem k Parva naturalia; Avicennovo delo je v 12. stoletju v sodelovanju z Dominikom Gundissalinom v latinščino prevedel Avendauth (Ibn Daud), Averroesov kompendij k Parva naturalia pa v 13. stoletju Mihael Škot. Na podlagi Avicennovega in Averroesovega dela je nastalo tudi nekaj anonimnih razprav, ki se ukvarjajo s spominom, z vprašanji spomina pa sta se ukvarjala tudi francoski frančiškanski teolog Jean de la Rochelle in Guillaume de'Auvergne. Povsem novo poglavje pri obravnavi spomina nastopi z delom Alberta Velikega in Tomaža Akvinskega.
Traduire l’Europe
Authors: Chevrel Yves
Published: September 2019

Evropa je večjezična, ne glede na način, kako jo definiramo (geografsko, kulturno, politično). Vprašanje »prevajanja Evrope« nas torej nujno vodi k različnosti jezikov, med katerimi ne sme noben veljati kot izhodiščni za druge.
V prvem delu se Yves Chevrel sprašuje, ali prevajanje Evrope ne pomeni morda poskus prevajanja sebe kot Evropejca. Naslanjajoč na odlomek iz Kafkovega Dnevnika, opremljenega z opombami Milana Kundere, dokazuje, da književnosti »malih narodov«, šele s tem, ko se uvrstijo v širši evropski kontekst, najdejo najboljšo priložnost, da se jih spozna in da se uveljavijo.
Želja po prepoznavanju, po prevajanju sebe kot Evropejca, nas vodi do tega, da bi radi videli, kako drugi Evropejci prevajajo sebe in sporočajo svojo vizijo Evrope. Yves Chevrel tu navaja primer zanimivega uredniškega projekta, učbenika Zgodovine Evrope in sveta po letu 1945, ki so ga skupaj pripravili nemški in francoski zgodovinarji in ga leta 2006 izdali v nemški in francoski različici z istimi dokumenti in razporeditvijo strani. Ali se lahko takšna izkušnja ponovi in razširi na druga obdobja? Doba, ki je v Sloveniji znana kot »preseljevanje narodov« in v Nemčiji kot »Völkerwanderung«, francosko zgodovinopisje imenuje »invasions barbares« – invazija barbarov. Za zgodovino Evrope ni evropskega modela.
Zadnji del se dotika branja literarnih del v prevodu, ki jih skuša Yves Chevrel rehabilitirati. Izhajajoč iz misli Wilhelma von Humbolta, ki je razlikoval pojma »das Fremde« in »die Fremdheit«, primerja prevode v različnih jezikih, kar omogoča boljše razumevanje različnih pristopov k istemu delu. Naslov romana Na Drini ćuprija Iva Andrića, ki se v slovenščini glasi Most na Drini, je v francoščini Le Pont sur la Drina, pa tudi Il est un pont sur la Drina. Različno pojmovanje evangelijske parabole o izgubljenem sinu je razvidno v naslovu slovenskega prevoda Gidovega dela Vrnitev izgubljenega sina (Retour de l’enfant prodigue). Chevrel ta del zaključuje z dvema citatoma Alberta Camusa in Virginie Woolf, ki poudarjata bogastvo evropske literarne dediščine.
Evropa razmišlja v več jezikih, Evropa je celina prevajanja. Prevajanje posreduje, daje na razpolago, kliče k izmenjavi. Prevod je eden izmed veziv Evrope.
Avtorja Veleumnega plemiča Don Kihota iz Manče
Authors: Kalenić Ramšak Branka
Published: September 2019

Avtorja Veleumnega plemiča Don Kihota iz Manče
A life without health is a useless life: Comparing folk and biomedical interpretations of disease in Macedonia
Authors: Jakimovska Ilina
Published: September 2019

V članku poskušamo orisati idejni okvir razlage telesnih sprememb, povezanih z zdravjem, na podlagi etnografskih primerov iz makedonske ljudske kulture in ga primerjati z biomedicinskim »uradnim« znanjem v zvezi s tem pojavom. Pri tem želimo ugotoviti, ali se ljudsko in uradno znanje prekrivata. Poudarek je na družbenem položaju človeka, ki trpi za določeno boleznijo, še posebno za vrsto nalezljive bolezni, kot je bila v srednjem veku kuga in kot je v današnjem času aids.
Tiempo, realidad y ficción en Anatomía de un instante de Javier Cercas
Authors: Rodríguez Díaz del Real Alejandro
Published: September 2019

Že sama katalogizacija dela Anatomía de un instante (Anatomija trenutka)ni enostavna, saj ga sam Javier Cercas v uvodu predstavi kot roman, bralec pa ga dojema bolj kot esej ali kroniko. Na začetku avtor eklektično in zgodovinopisno analizira razmeroma nove zgodovinske dogodke, posebej se ustavi pri protagonistih španskega državnega udara 23. februarja 1981. Avtorjevo objektivno podajanje pa se počasi spremeni v pravi pripovedovalni glas, bolj tipičen za obliko romana. To dosega z različnimi strategijami fikcionalizacije, in sicer s t. i. »znotrajzgodovinsko referencialnostjo« (referencialidad interhistórica) in približevanjem realnosti fikciji oziroma fikcijskim tipom. Značilna je tudi retorična strategija uporabe prostega indirektnega govora. Le v končnem delu postane Cercasova uvodna namera, naj bralec knjigo bere kot roman, razumljivejša in prepričljivejša. Tako postane sam bralec udeleženec plodne in trajne refleksije o omejitvah in hibridnosti žanrov ter o globoki prepletenosti realnosti, časa in književnosti.
Cromatismo y percepción sensorial: nuevos indicios sobre la técnica compositiva de la novela Aura de Carlos Fuentes
Authors: Muñoz-Basols Javier
Published: September 2019

Ena glavnih zahtev gotskega žanra je izguba občutka za stvarnost. To značilnost, ki v veliko primerih vodi v strah ali celo grozo, je mogoče doseči predvsem z zatekanjem k čutom. V romanu Aura Carlosa Fuentesa opisovanje preseže meje percepcije čutov, saj bralec ni zgolj voden, ampak se, kot bi bil zapeljan, pusti voditi, očaran s čutno razvejanostjo, ki veje iz zapleta.

V študiji bomo pokazali, kako kromatičnost in čutna zaznavnost potencirata splošen smisel romana, hkrati pa razkrivata številne slogovne značilnosti, ki potrjujejo hermenevtično relevantnost opisanega. Izhajajoč iz podrobne študije uporabe jezika, bomo analizirali tvorjenje pripovedi s tehniko kromatične progresije, ki uspešno združuje percepcijo čutov in psihologijo glavnega junaka ter strne celo vrsto bralcu razpoložljivih gotskih občutkov.
Selitve prebivalcev z ustvarjalnim poklicemv Sloveniji
Authors: Kozina Jani
Published: September 2019

Selitve so kompleksen globalen pojav, s katerim se srečujejo praktično vse države sveta. Ljudje so se zaradi različnih dejavnikov odbijanja in privlačenja (push-pull teorija) vedno selili. V osnovi selitve delimo na priselitve in odselitve. Oba procesa za seboj navadno potegneta številne posledice tako na individualni osebnostni kot na kolektivni družbeni ravni. Za območje odseljevanja to ponavadi pomeni siromašenje in izgubljanje človeškega in socialnega kapitala, lahko pa tudi vrsto rešitve zaradi prenaseljenosti in pomanjkanja življenjskih virov. Na drugi strani priselitve za ciljna območja največkrat pomenijo novo delovno silo, kar pa lahko zaradi kulturnih, verskih, rasnih in drugih razlik vodi v konfliktne situacije. Kljub temu so selitve po mnenju Jakoša (2008, 74) praviloma označene kot pozitiven proces in odraz vedno večje mobilnosti sodobne družbe.
Mountain migrations in recent Alpine anthropology: some critical remarks to Braudel's residual sedentarism and immobilism
Authors: Baskar Bojan
Published: September 2019

It is argued in this paper that Braudel's view of mountain communities (which he, though allowing for numerous exceptions, depicted as isolated, largely immobile and prolific) remains heavily indebted to the tradition of the Vidalian School of Human Geography, characterized by its immobilism and anti-urban bias. Braudel is famous for “dynamizing” the Mediterranean and thereby opposing Vidalian immobilism. However, Braudel's dynamism and his stress on mobility and connectivity applies only to his view of the urban part, whereas his view of the rural, and especially mountainous, hinterlands remains largely exempted from it. This questioning of the Braudelian model of mountain migrations is based on the recent developments within Alpine anthropology made possible by its cross-fertilization with historical demography (Pier Paolo Viazzo and his “school”) as well as within recent mountain studies in general. The new picture of mountain communities emerging from these studies is one of highly mobile mountain populations who are characterized by entrepreneurial spirit and proactive strategies of migration, and is often based on prosperity instead of misery and hunger, and it aims at making the survival of mountain communities possible. As this “Alpine model” has been progressively expanded and tested on other mountain environments, this paper argues for the continuities between the Alps and the mountains of the Balkan peninsula.
Družbene solidarnosti v času socialističnih tovarn in individualizacije družbe
Authors: Vodopivec Nina
Published: September 2019

O solidarnosti razmišljam kot o družbeni solidarnosti. To odpira vprašanje o družbeni vključenosti in pripadnosti. Izhajam iz kritike sodobne ekonomizacije družbe in se zavzamem za to, da bi solidarnost mislili širše od ekonomske forme. Sklicujem se na organizacijo in ideologijo dela v socializmu, na pomen dela in socialistične tovarne, na njeno vlogo kot družbenega povezovalca oziroma oblikovalca skupnosti, njene infrastrukture, socialne ter simbolne krajine, na procese sodobnih politično- ekonomskih preoblikovanj in individualizacije ter na paradigmo samoodgovornosti. V prispevku izhajam iz terenskega dela v Predilnici Litija in intervjujev s tekstilnimi delavkami, delavci, menedžerji in direktorji v Sloveniji (gradivo zbrano med letoma 2000 in 2011). Prispevek ni mišljen zgolj kot razmislek o solidarnosti v socialistični preteklosti in sodobnem času, temveč tudi kot možnost vzpostavljanja prostora za drugačne oblike solidarnosti v nadaljevanju.
Reformacijski tokovi in njihova politična okolja – na primeru Francije, Anglije/Škotske in »Slovenije«
Authors: Tepeš Vitomir
Published: September 2019

Tri gibanja, ki so opisana v tem članku, izhajajo iz angleško-škotskega, francoskega in slovenskega narodnostnega ozadja. Angleži so bili pri obravnavanju idej protestantizma zelo dosledni. Zelo zavzeti so bili tudi pri ohranjanju kontinuitete s starim ekleziastičnim redom. Posledica tega je bila, da je poimenovanje »protestantski« za kar nekaj časa ostalo v ozadju. To pa je hkrati pomenilo tudi začetek nekega drugega gibanja, imenovanega evangelijsko gibanje, kar pomeni »zanimati se za evangelij«, ki se je dokončno izoblikovalo šele v 19. stoletju. Ta zakasnitev je bila povezana predvsem z razvojem ideje svobodne cerkve v svobodni državi, ki so jo izkušali tako katoličani kot tudi protestantje. V vmesnem času pa je nastal dovolj dolg časovni presledek, tako da so Angleži premogli dovolj civilne in politične modrosti – in nastala je nova ekleziastična stvarnost anglikanske cerkve. Francozi so odločno zarezali na področje odnosa med sekularnostjo in ekleziastičnostjo. Slovensko gibanje pa je, kot navidezno nepomembno, ubralo povsem svojo ekleziastično smer. Za Slovence je bilo uradno izbrano poimenovanje svojega naroda tisto, ki je prineslo dovolj začetne moči, da so se lahko kasneje, v 20. stoletju, tudi politično osamosvojili. Če na koncu pod to obdobje potegnemo črto, lahko ugotovimo, da je reformacijsko gibanje srednjega veka v Evropo prineslo veliko mero raznolikosti.
Igor Škamperle: Endimionove sanje. Oblike imaginacije in simbolne tvorbe: Eseji in razprave iz sociologije kulture
Authors: Hedžet Tóth Cvetka
Published: September 2019

Ljubljana: Literarno-umetniško društvo Literatura, Zbirka Novi pristopi (57), 2013, 439 stran
Gašper Žitnik in njegove knjige
Authors: Svoljšak Sonja
Published: September 2019

Gašper Žitnik (ca. 1535–1585) je doktoriral iz obojega prava na dunajski univerzi. Bil je palatinski grof, svetovalec notranjeavstrijske vlade in pomembna politična osebnost v obdobju kranjske in štajerske protireformacije. Kot stric škofa Tomaža Hrena (1560–1630) je močno vplival na njegovo vzgojo, izobraževanje in kariero. V mladosti se je priložnostno ukvarjal s pesnjenjem, vse svoje življenje pa je zbiral knjige ter vanje zapisoval različne podrobnosti, ki se nanašajo na njegov študij, življenje in delo. Prispevek podaja pregled Žitnikovih knjig, ki jih hrani Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, s poudarkom na tistih, ki vsebujejo pomembnejše Žitnikove rokopisne zabeležke in pripise nekaterih njegovih sodobnikov. Odkritja skozi tovrstne sekundarne podatke dopolnjujejo dosedanja dognanja o Žitnikovem življenju in delu ter razkrivajo nekaj podrobnosti o njegovih bralnih navadah oziroma njegovem odnosu do knjig.
Od metuljaste pike do podpisa s srcem
Authors: Premrl Božidar
Published: September 2019

Avtor v tem sestavku obravnava klesarske »rokopise« nekaterih pomembnejših primorskih kamnosekov in krajevnih delavnic od vštetega 17. do 19. stoletja. Ob konkretnih primerih se posveča predvsem značilnostim njihove kamnoseške pisave, z njo povezane simbolike in tehnikam klesanja ter ugotavlja, kako koristne so za prepoznavanje avtorstva anonimnih kamnoseških del in stavb. Pri zidarskem in kamnoseškem mojstru Janezu Severju, ki je deloval v iz Košani v 17. stoletju, opozarja na velik pomen dveh navidezno nepomembnih podrobnosti: ločila v obliki metuljaste pike in drobnih okrasnih klinastih utorov v profilu portala. Njegovega mlajšega sodobnika Anžeta Felicijana predstavlja z nekaterimi zanj značilnimi oblikami črk, ki podkrepljujejo verodostojnost njegovih podpisov v kamnu. Prva polovica 19. stoletja je v sestavku zastopana z repentabrskim kamnoseškim stilom, ki ga najbolje predstavljata posebna oblika Jezusovega monograma IHS in oblika preklade portonov, na katerih je bil pogosto vklesan. Kot njegovi pomembni predstavniki so omenjeni kamnoseki Andrej Guštin - Dežkov s Cola, Luka Brišček - Briščkov iz Repna in Miha Guštin - Celan v Sežani. Iz druge polovice stoletja pa je deležen posebne pozornosti njegov sin Matevž Guštin - Celan v Grižah na Vrheh, ki se je na številnih svojih kamnoseških delih za domačije na Vrheh, gornjem Vipavskem in Krasu ovekovečil z izvirno obliko svetega znamenja IHS in še posebej srca v njem.
Border Structures in Arthurian Manuscript BNF, fr. 95 as an Expression of the Artist’s mente propria
Authors: Zor Miha
Published: September 2019

The paper analyses the stylistic and compositional characteristics of borders in a manuscript consisting of the first two romances of the Lancelot-Graal Cycle (Estoire del saint Graal, Merlin with Suite Vulgate) and two non-Arthurian texts (Le Roman de sept sages, Pénitence Adam). Two different types of borders are present, and in the article they are named type A and type B. They were employed with regard to the position of the miniature in the page: where the miniature appears in the left column, type A was used, and where it appears in the right column, type B was employed. The borders of type A embrace the text from three sides: the vertical border runs along the left column, and both horizontal ones spread over the space of both textual columns. In the case of type B, the vertical border runs along the right side of the right column, that is between the two columns, but closer to the right one; on the top and bottom, horizontal borders spring from the centre to both sides (over both columns). Certain compositions make it possible to assume that the main illuminator or the planner of the overall appearance of the manuscript was actively present also as far as the borders are concerned. Other details – e.g. gold background when two figures form contact with their bodies, and the lack of such a background, when they do not touch or touch only with their weapons – may testify to a personal intervention of the practising artist, and this may be characterized as a stylistic trait revealing his mente propria.
Las miradas poéticas de Narciso y Medusa: la transformacion de lo real
Authors: Blanco Sergio
Published: September 2019

Al ser director tanto académico como artístico de este proyecto europeo Crossing Stages, esta doble condición me lleva a tomar la palabra desde estos dos lugares, es decir, desde lo académico y desde lo artístico. Desde dos lugares entonces casi antagónicos. La toma de la palabra académica responde en cierta forma a ciertas máximas de claridad y precisión, suele tender a ser un discurso mesurado, ordenado y equilibrado, que en cierta forma busca un conocimiento erudito por medio de procedimientos científicos lo más objetivos y sólidos posibles. Mientras que la toma de la palabra artística es todo lo contrario, es una palabra oscura, confusa, hiperbólica, amanerada, completamente desmesurada y caótica, y basada en experiencias y caprichos inminentemente subjetivos. Se me plantea entonces desde qué lugar hablar:
Miradas ved(l)adas: las huellas de Medusa en tres novelas de José Emilio Pacheco
Authors: Cannavacciuolo Margherita
Published: September 2019

La primacía atribuida a la vista por encima de cualquier otra facultad humana se debe al papel fundamental y privilegiado que las dinámicas visuales cobran en la constitución de los mecanismos de poder y conocimiento. La idea enraízada en la antigüedad griega de la superioridad asociada a la vista por encima de la fuerza física sanciona la relación que intercurre entre ver y poder. La contienda entre Polifemo y Ulises en el libro noveno de la Odisea, el desafío de Prometeo a Zeus, así como el relato platónico del anillo de la invisibilidad de Giges, para citar sólo algunos de los muchos ejemplos que provee la tradición mitológica clásica, dan cuenta de la supremacía de la capacidad de controlar las funciones conectadas con el acto de ver y ser visto con respecto a la bía y el krátos.
The Sculpture of Rudina Abbey in a European Context Europe, Croatia, Romanesque art
Authors: Jukić Vjekoslav
Published: September 2019

The Benedictine Abbey of St. Michael in Rudine near Požega is an archaeological site known for more than a hundred years. The first explorations were done in 1906 and 1907 and ever since then Rudina has been explored in a stop and start manner. The archaeological site consists of two basic units: the monastery with a three-aisle, three- apse church, a cloister with the accompanying monastic buildings, and a small aisleless church with a rounded apse some fifty metres to the West. A considerable body of architectural sculpture has been found at the site, but the most important finding is a series of twenty heads, of which nineteen are brackets. This figural sculpture is mainly described in the literature as rustic work without a solid link to sculpture in the immediate area. In spite of all this, the Rudina sculptures are an extremely important cultural phenomenon as the largest group of Romanesque sculptures in Continental Croatia on record. Still, this sculpture has not been studied as completely as it deserves to be. This paper mentions the possibility that the figural stone sculpture of the Benedictine monastery in Rudina was made by a local workshop, it also raises the question of possible influence on that sculpture within the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen, but indirectly also in Western Europe. Special emphasis is placed on the possible ways (or media) that these influences could have been adopted and on the potential connection to Western Europe and the Pannonian basin.
The Paradigm of Decline-Metamorphosis-Rebirth in Fine Arts
Authors: Germ Tine
Published: September 2019

The triad of decline-metamorphosis-rebirth constantly reappears in the history of civilisation, it is current in all historical periods and cultural environments, in different areas and the most diverse contexts. Its manifestations are countless and the same is true of its interpretations. They are especially frequent in the area of art, because the evolutionary model, grounded in the idea of cyclic development comes very handy for explanations and illustrations which seek to present complicated things in a simple and clear way. The history of art, mainly in the 19th century, advocated a tripartite development of art which seeks greater perfection and maturity and reaches its peak just to be then inevitably followed by a decline in artistic originality and power. Already for some time now the evolutionary model has been shown too ineffective in addressing scholarly questions, especially due to oversimplification and a priori classification of subject matter which cannot possibly be classified. The perception that the art of the Early Renaissance was a preliminary period for more mature and accomplished achievements of High Renaissance which at some point began to lose its drive and went into decline either by repeating outmoded forms or their decomposition, is not only naive, but simply wrong and represents a misunderstanding of the essence of art. In much the same way it would be equally wrong to label in advance the early works of a certain artist as not-mature-yet or possessing less artistic authenticity.
UNSUPERVISED AUTOMATIC BUILDING EXTRACTION USING ACTIVE CONTOUR MODEL ON UNREGISTERED OPTICAL IMAGERY AND AIRBORNE LIDAR DATA
Authors: Nguyen T. H. , Daniel S. , Guériot D. , Sintès C. , Le Caillec J.-M.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Automatic extraction of buildings in urban scenes has become a subject of growing interest in the domain of photogrammetry and remote sensing, particularly with the emergence of LiDAR systems since mid-1990s. However, in reality, this task is still very challenging due to the complexity of building size and shape, as well as its surrounding environment. Active contour model, colloquially called snake model, which has been extensively used in many applications in computer vision and image processing, has also been applied to extract buildings from aerial/satellite imagery. Motivated by the limitations of existing snake models dedicated to the building extraction, this paper presents an unsupervised and automatic snake model to extract buildings using optical imagery and an unregistered airborne LiDAR dataset, without manual initial points or training data. The proposed method is shown to be capable of extracting buildings with varying color from complex environments, and yielding high overall accuracy.
A JOINT CALIBRATION METHOD OF 3D IMAGES ACQUIRED BY COMMON OPTICAL PATH PAYLOAD
Authors: Teng G. E. , Zhou M. , Hu J. , Wu H. H. , Li W. , Zhang H. J. , Chen J. Y. , Wang J. H.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. The common optical path payload is a new type of imaging payload that can acquire LiDAR data and CCD images simultaneously. This new payload integrates the linear LiDAR and linear CCD images according to the common optical system, and achieves the registration of LiDAR point cloud and CCD images by the alignment of common aperture optical axis and time synchronization control in the front of hardware. Based on the fixed matching relationship between CCD probes and LiDAR probes offered by optical path of common, this paper proposes a joint calibration method, which reduces the ranging error and misalignment error. And the results verify that this method can effectively improve the quality of the three-dimensional images. The standard deviations of validation area and roof are improved from 0.54 m to 0.14 m and 1.83 m to 0.26 m respectively.
FUSION OF FEATURE BASED AND DEEP LEARNING METHODS FOR CLASSIFICATION OF MMS POINT CLOUDS
Authors: Tosic D. , Tuttas S. , Hoegner L. , Stilla U.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. This work proposes an approach for semantic classification of an outdoor-scene point cloud acquired with a high precision Mobile Mapping System (MMS), with major goal to contribute to the automatic creation of High Definition (HD) Maps. The automatic point labeling is achieved by utilizing the combination of a feature-based approach for semantic classification of point clouds and a deep learning approach for semantic segmentation of images. Both, point cloud data, as well as the data from a multi-camera system are used for gaining spatial information in an urban scene. Two types of classification applied for this task are: 1) Feature-based approach, in which the point cloud is organized into a supervoxel structure for capturing geometric characteristics of points. Several geometric features are then extracted for appropriate representation of the local geometry, followed by removing the effect of local tendency for each supervoxel to enhance the distinction between similar structures. And lastly, the Random Forests (RF) algorithm is applied in the classification phase, for assigning labels to supervoxels and therefore to points within them. 2) The deep learning approach is employed for semantic segmentation of MMS images of the same scene. To achieve this, an implementation of Pyramid Scene Parsing Network is used. Resulting segmented images with each pixel containing a class label are then projected onto the point cloud, enabling label assignment for each point. At the end, experiment results are presented from a complex urban scene and the performance of this method is evaluated on a manually labeled dataset, for the deep learning and feature-based classification individually, as well as for the result of the labels fusion. The achieved overall accuracy with fusioned output is 0.87 on the final test set, which significantly outperforms the results of individual methods on the same point cloud. The labeled data is published on the TUM-PF Semantic-Labeling-Benchmark.
INS-AIDED 3D LIDAR SEAMLESS MAPPING IN CHALLENGING ENVIRONMENT FOR FUTURE HIGH DEFINITION MAP
Authors: Tsai G. J. , Chiang K. W. , El-Sheimy N.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. With advances in computing and sensor technologies, onboard systems can deal with a large amount of data and achieve real-time process continuously and accurately. In order to further enhance the performance of positioning, high definition map (HD map) is one of the game changers for future autonomous driving. Instead of directly using Inertial Navigation System and Global Navigation Satellite System (INS/GNSS) navigation solutions to conduct the Direct Geo-referencing (DG) and acquiring 3D mapping information, Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) relies heavily on environmental features to derive the position and attitude as well as conducting the mapping at the same time. In this research, the new structure is proposed to integrate the INS/GNSS into LiDAR Odometry and Mapping (LOAM) algorithm and enhance the mapping performance. The first contribution is using the INS/GNSS to provide the short-term relative position information for the mapping process when the LiDAR odometry process is failed. The checking process is built to detect the divergence of LiDAR odometry process based on the residual from correspondences of features and innovation sequence of INS/GNSS. More importantly, by integrating with INS/GNSS, the whole global map is located in the standard global coordinate system (WGS84) which can be shared and employed easily and seamlessly. In this research, the designed land vehicle platform includes commercial INS/GNSS integrated product as a reference, relatively low-cost and lower grade INS system and Velodyne LiDAR with 16 laser channels, respectively. The field test is conducted from outdoor to the indoor underground parking lot and the final solution using the proposed method has a significant improvement as well as building a more accurate and reliable map for future use.
MAPPING GLACIER CHANGES USING CLUSTERING TECHNIQUES ON CLOUD COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Ayma V. , Beltrán C. , Happ P. N. , Costa G. A. O. P. , Feitosa R. Q.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Climate change and its effects are taking more importance nowadays; and glaciers are one of the most affected ecosystems by that, considering that the energy of Earth’s surface and its temperature may be directly related to glacier temporal changes. Then, the comprehension of glaciers behaviour, by its retreating or melting critical conditions, can be achieved by the analysis of Remote Sensing data, but considering the unprecedented volumes of information currently provided by satellites sensors, we can refer to this analysis as a big data problem. Machine learning techniques have the potential to improve the analysis of this type of data; however, most current machine learning algorithms are unable to properly process such huge volumes of data. In the attempt to overcome the computational limitations related to Remote Sensing Big Data analysis, we implemented the K-Means and Expectation Maximization algorithms, as distributed clustering solutions, exploiting the capabilities of cloud computing infrastructure for processing very large datasets. The solution was developed over the InterCloud Data Mining Package, which is a suite of distributed classification methods, previously employed in hyperspectral image analysis. In this work we extended the functionalities of that package, by making it able to process multispectral images using the aforementioned clustering algorithms. To validate our proposal, we analysed the Ausangate glacier, located on the Andes Mountains, in Peru, by mapping the changes in such environment through a multi-temporal Remote Sensing analysis. Our results and conclusions are focused on the thematic accuracy and the computational performance achieved by our proposed solution. Thematic accuracy was assessed by comparing the automatically detected glacier areas by the clustering approaches against the manually selected ground truth data. We compared the computational load involved in executing the clustering processes sequentially and in a distributed fashion, using a local mode and cluster configuration over a cloud computing infrastructure.
PCCT: A POINT CLOUD CLASSIFICATION TOOL TO CREATE 3D TRAINING DATA TO ADJUST AND DEVELOP 3D CONVNET
Authors: Barnefske E. , Sternberg H.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Point clouds give a very detailed and sometimes very accurate representation of the geometry of captured objects. In surveying, point clouds captured with laser scanners or camera systems are an intermediate result that must be processed further. Often the point cloud has to be divided into regions of similar types (object classes) for the next process steps. These classifications are very time-consuming and cost-intensive compared to acquisition. In order to automate this process step, conventional neural networks (ConvNet), which take over the classification task, are investigated in detail. In addition to the network architecture, the classification performance of a ConvNet depends on the training data with which the task is learned. This paper presents and evaluates the point clould classification tool (PCCT) developed at HCU Hamburg. With the PCCT, large point cloud collections can be semi-automatically classified. Furthermore, the influence of erroneous points in three-dimensional point clouds is investigated. The network architecture PointNet is used for this investigation.
MACHINE LEARNING FOR SEA ICE MONITORING FROM SATELLITES
Authors: Dumitru C. O. , Andrei V. , Schwarz G. , Datcu M.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Today, radar imaging from space allows continuous and wide-area sea ice monitoring under nearly all weather conditions. To this end, we applied modern machine learning techniques to produce ice-describing semantic maps of the polar regions of the Earth. Time series of these maps can then be exploited for local and regional change maps of selected areas. What we expect, however, are fully-automated unsupervised routine classifications of sea ice regions that are needed for the rapid and reliable monitoring of shipping routes, drifting and disintegrating icebergs, snowfall and melting on ice, and other dynamic climate change indicators. Therefore, we designed and implemented an automated processing chain that analyses and interprets the specific ice-related content of high-resolution synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. We trained this system with selected images covering various use cases allowing us to interpret these images with modern machine learning approaches. In the following, we describe a system comprising representation learning, variational inference, and auto-encoders. Test runs have already demonstrated its usefulness and stability that can pave the way towards future artificial intelligence systems extending, for instance, the current capabilities of traditional image analysis by including content-related image understanding.
Pre-disaster mapping with drones: an urban case study in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Kucharczyk Maja , Hugenholtz Chris H.
Published: September 2019

Abstract. We report a case study using drone-based imagery to develop a pre-disaster 3-D map of downtown Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. This represents the first drone mapping mission over an urban area approved by Canada's aviation authority. The goal was to assess the quality of the pre-disaster 3-D data in the context of geospatial accuracy and building representation. The images were acquired with a senseFly eBee Plus fixed-wing drone with real-time kinematic/post-processed kinematic functionality. Results indicate that the spatial accuracies achieved with this drone would allow for sub-meter building collapse detection, but the non-gimbaled camera was insufficient for capturing building facades.
Very old firn air linked to strong density layering at Styx Glacier, coastal Victoria Land, East Antarctica
Authors: Jang Youngjoon , Hong Sang Bum , Buizert Christo , Lee Hun-Gyu , Han Sang-Young , Yang Ji-Woong , Iizuka Yoshinori , Hori Akira , Han Yeongcheol , Jun Seong Joon , Tans Pieter , Choi Taejin , Kim Seong-Joong , Hur Soon Do , Ahn Jinho
Published: September 2019

Abstract. Firn air provides plenty of old air from the near past, and can therefore be
useful for understanding human impact on the recent history of the
atmospheric composition. Most of the existing firn air records cover only
the last several decades (typically 40 to 55 years) and are insufficient to
understand the early part of anthropogenic impacts on the atmosphere. In
contrast, a few firn air records from inland sites, where temperatures and
snow accumulation rates are very low, go back in time about a century. In
this study, we report an unusually old firn air effective CO2 age of 93 years from Styx Glacier, near the Ross Sea coast in Antarctica. This is the
first report of such an old firn air age (>55 years) from a warm
coastal site. The lock-in zone thickness of 12.4 m is larger than at other
sites where snow accumulation rates and air temperature are similar.
High-resolution X-ray density measurements demonstrate a high variability of
the vertical snow density at Styx Glacier. The CH4 mole fraction and
total air content of the closed pores also indicate large variations in
centimeter-scale depth intervals, indicative of layering. We hypothesize that the
large density variations in the firn increase the thickness of the lock-in
zone and, consequently, increase the firn air ages because the age of firn
air increases more rapidly with depth in the lock-in zone than in the
diffusive zone. Our study demonstrates that all else being equal, sites
where weather conditions are favorable for the formation of large density
variations at the lock-in zone preserve older air within their open
porosity, making them ideal places for firn air sampling.