bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of hyponatremia in preeclamptic patients with severe features
Authors: Endres Kodi M. , Roberts Catherine M. , Fang Xinying , Zhou Shouhao , Wright Tonya S. , Krawiec Conrad
Published: July 2024

Hyponatremia, though common in women with preeclampsia, has not been well studied. Our primary objectives are to assess the clinical characteristics and emergency therapy applied to subjects diagnosed with preeclampsia. We hypothesize that hyponatremia present in preeclamptic patients with severe features is associated with greater use of emergency hypertensives, antenatal steroids, and cesarean delivery. This is a retrospective descriptive study utilizing an electronic health record database (TriNetX ®). We collected and evaluated the following data of subjects aged 15 to 54 years with preeclampsia with severe features diagnosis: demographics, diagnostic codes, medication codes, procedure codes, deaths, and laboratory results. A total of 2,901 subjects [215 (7.4%)] with a sodium level below 134 mEq/L and [2686 (92.6%)] with a sodium level above 135 mEq/L were included. A higher proportion of subjects in the below 134 sodium group received emergency antihypertensives [165 (76.7%) versus 1811 (67.4%), p = 0.01], antenatal steroids [103 (47.9%) versus 953 (35.5%), p = 0.001], and cesarean section [27 (12.6%) versus 97 (3.6%), p = <0.001]. We found that hyponatremia may be associated with emergency antihypertensive use, antenatal steroid use, and cesarean section in patients with preeclampsia with severe features. Future research is needed to determine if routine sodium levels assessed in preeclamptic subjects with severe features identify subjects at risk of receiving these treatments.
Effects of different marination conditions on the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) fillets inoculated with Morganella psychrotolerans during cold storage
Authors: Ogunkalu Oluwatosin Abidemi , Ucak Ilknur
Published: July 2024

This study is aimed to determine the effects of different marination conditions (1, 2, 3, 4% acetic and 6, 8, 10% NaCl) on the anchovy fillets inoculated with Morganella psychrotolerans during refrigerated storage (4±1°C) for three months. According to the results of study, marination has great inhibitory effects on the growth of M. psychrotolerans. Total psychrophilic bacteria, total lactic acid bacteria, total yeast and mold, Total Enterobacteriaceae and M. psychrotolerans growth were not observed in the groups treated with 3 and 4% acetic acid. Control groups and fillets marinated with 1% acetic acid showed lower sensory scores. Those groups were rejected on 30th, 45th and 60th days of the storage, respectively, while the groups marinated with 2%, 3%, and 4% acetic acid had higher sensory scores and they were still acceptable until at the end of the study. According to peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assessment, lipid oxidation was delayed in the fillets marinated with high acetic acid concentrations (3 and 4%) comparing with the control and other inoculated fillets. From this research it can be revealed that high acetic acid and salt concentrations suppress the bacteria growth in the anchovy fillets. Thus, marination process can be recommended to be used as a preservation method to inhibit bacterial growth in anchovy fillets for a safe consumption.
Can co-ordination advancement of two-way FDI improve resource misallocation? Evidence from 285 cities in China
Authors: Zhou Shuo , Shao Suqing
Published: July 2024

During the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, the implementation of an unbalanced enhancement strategy has led to severe resource misallocation, making the mitigation and rectification of this misallocation an urgent issue. This paper utilizes urban data from China between 2006 and 2020 to examine the impact of two-way foreign direct investment (FDI) on resource misallocation, as well as the pathways through which coordinated advancement of two-way FDI affects resource misallocation. After undergoing a series of robustness and endogeneity tests, the conclusion remains stable. Mechanism testing reveals that coordinated advancement of two-way FDI improves capital resource misallocation by enhancing the enhancement level of the financial industry, while exacerbating labor misallocation by increasing labor costs. This paper integrates the coordinated advancement of two-way FDI and resource misallocation into the same analytical framework, proposing policy recommendations to alleviate China’s resource misallocation issue.
Generating controlled gust perturbations using vortex rings
Authors: Gupta Dipendra , Sane Sanjay P. , Arakeri Jaywant H.
Published: July 2024

To understand the locomotory mechanisms of flying and swimming animals, it is often necessary to develop assays that enable us to measure their responses to external gust perturbations. Typically, such measurements have been carried out using a variety of gusts which are difficult to control or characterize owing to their inherently turbulent nature. Here, we present a method of generating discrete gusts under controlled laboratory conditions in the form of a vortex rings which are well-characterized and highly controllable. We also provide the theoretical guidelines underlying the design of gust generators for specific applications. As a case study, we tested the efficacy of this method to study the flight response of freely-flying soldier flies Hermetia illucens. The vortex ring based method can be used to generate controlled gusts to study diverse phenomena ranging from a natural flight in insects to the artificial flight of insect-sized drones and micro-aerial vehicles.
Personalized interpretable prediction of perceived sleep quality: Models with meaningful cardiovascular and behavioral features
Authors: Moebus Max , Holz Christian
Published: July 2024

Understanding a person’s perceived quality of sleep is an important problem, but hard due to its poor definition and high intra- as well as inter-individual variation. In the short term, sleep quality has an established impact on cognitive function during the following day as well as on fatigue. In the long term, good quality sleep is essential for mental and physical health and contributes to quality of life. Despite the need to better understand sleep quality as an early indicator for sleep disorders, perceived sleep quality has been rarely modeled for multiple consecutive days using biosignals. In this paper, we present novel insights on the association of cardiac activity and perceived sleep quality using an interpretable modeling approach utilizing the publicly available intensive-longitudinal study M2Sleep. Our method takes as input signals from commodity wearable devices, including motion and blood volume pulses. Despite processing only simple and clearly interpretable features, we achieve an accuracy of up to 70% with an AUC of 0.76 and reduce the error by up to 36% compared to related work. We further argue that collected biosignals and sleep quality labels should be normalized per-participant to enable a medically insightful analysis. Coupled with explainable models, this allows for the interpretations of effects on perceived sleep quality. Analysis revealed that besides higher skin temperature and sufficient sleep duration, especially higher average heart rate while awake and lower minimal activity of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system while asleep increased the chances of higher sleep quality.
Predictive modeling of gene mutations for the survival outcomes of epithelial ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Ma Mirielle C. , Lavi Ethan S. , Altwerger Gary , Lin Z. Ping , Ratner Elena S.
Published: July 2024

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has a low overall survival rate, largely due to frequent recurrence and acquiring resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy. EOC with homologous recombination (HR) deficiency has increased sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy because platinum-induced DNA damage cannot be repaired. Mutations in genes involved in the HR pathway are thought to be strongly correlated with favorable response to treatment. Patients with these mutations have better prognosis and an improved survival rate. On the other hand, mutations in non-HR genes in EOC are associated with increased chemoresistance and poorer prognosis. For this reason, accurate predictions in response to treatment and overall survival remain challenging. Thus, analyses of 360 EOC cases on NCI’s The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program were conducted to identify novel gene mutation signatures that were strongly correlated with overall survival. We found that a considerable portion of EOC cases exhibited multiple and overlapping mutations in a panel of 31 genes. Using logistical regression modeling on mutational profiles and patient survival data from TCGA, we determined whether specific sets of deleterious gene mutations in EOC patients had impacts on patient survival. Our results showed that six genes that were strongly correlated with an increased survival time are BRCA1, NBN, BRIP1, RAD50, PTEN, and PMS2. In addition, our analysis shows that six genes that were strongly correlated with a decreased survival time are FANCE, FOXM1, KRAS, FANCD2, TTN, and CSMD3. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis of 360 patients stratified by these positive and negative gene mutation signatures corroborated that our regression model outperformed the conventional HR genes-based classification and prediction of survival outcomes. Collectively, our findings suggest that EOC exhibits unique mutation signatures beyond HR gene mutations. Our approach can identify a novel panel of gene mutations that helps improve the prediction of treatment outcomes and overall survival for EOC patients.
Building a framework for fake news detection in the health domain
Authors: Martinez-Rico Juan R. , Araujo Lourdes , Martinez-Romo Juan
Published: July 2024

Disinformation in the medical field is a growing problem that carries a significant risk. Therefore, it is crucial to detect and combat it effectively. In this article, we provide three elements to aid in this fight: 1) a new framework that collects health-related articles from verification entities and facilitates their check-worthiness and fact-checking annotation at the sentence level; 2) a corpus generated using this framework, composed of 10335 sentences annotated in these two concepts and grouped into 327 articles, which we call KEANE (faKe nEws At seNtence lEvel); and 3) a new model for verifying fake news that combines specific identifiers of the medical domain with triplets subject-predicate-object, using Transformers and feedforward neural networks at the sentence level. This model predicts the fact-checking of sentences and evaluates the veracity of the entire article. After training this model on our corpus, we achieved remarkable results in the binary classification of sentences (check-worthiness F1: 0.749, fact-checking F1: 0.698) and in the final classification of complete articles (F1: 0.703). We also tested its performance against another public dataset and found that it performed better than most systems evaluated on that dataset. Moreover, the corpus we provide differs from other existing corpora in its duality of sentence-article annotation, which can provide an additional level of justification of the prediction of truth or untruth made by the model.
Fatty acids and chlorogenic acid content in Plectranthus edulis root tubers
Authors: Fetene Tsehaynew , Atlabachew Minaleshewa , Sheferaw Hailu , Reta Chaltu , Hilawea Kidanemariam Teklay
Published: July 2024

This study quantified the fatty acid profile and total chlorogenic acid content of various Ethiopian cultivars of the Plectranthus edulis tuber, traditionally known as ’Agew Dinich’. Lipid extraction utilized the Folch method and the acid-catalyzed derivatization method to derivatize the fatty acids into fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) were used. Whereas maceration was used to extract chlorogenic acid from the fresh and freeze- dried tuber samples. Analysis revealed a total of thirteen fatty acids in all P. edulis samples, with nine classified as saturated and four as unsaturated. Palmitic acid was the most abundant fatty acid in P. edulis and accounted for 40.57%–50.21% of the total fatty acid content. The second and third most abundant fatty acids in the P. edulis sample were stearic and linoleic acids, which accounted for 8.38%–12.92% and 8.12%–11.28%, respectively. We reported chlorogenic acid for the first time in this potato species and found it to contain a concentration of 211± 4.2–300±24.7 mg/100g of dry weight basis when the determination was made using fresh samples. On the other hand, these samples yielded a chlorogenic acid concentration ranging from 115 ±8.6 mg/100g-175±3.9 mg/100g of freeze-dried powder samples. These findings suggest that P. edulis tubers could represent a significant dietary source of both chlorogenic acid and fatty acids.
Willingness to adopt green house gas mitigation measures: Agricultural land managers in the United Kingdom
Authors: Jebari Asma , Oyetunde-Usman Zainab , McAuliffe Graham A. , Chivers Charlotte-Anne , Collins Adrian L.
Published: July 2024

Rapid uptake of greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation measures is central to reducing agricultural and land use emissions and meeting the UK Net Zero policy. The socioeconomic challenges and barriers to uptake are poorly understood, with yet unclear structural pathways to the uptake of GHG mitigation measures. Using an online survey of 201 agricultural land managers across the UK, and applying multiple linear regression and stepwise regression analysis, this research established farm and farmers’ factors influencing perceptions and willingness to adopt GHG mitigation measures. The results consistently show that farm sector, farmers’ business perception, and labour availability influence willingness to adopt GHG mitigation measures. Based on the farmers’ qualitative feedback, other barriers to adoption include costs and concerns for profitability, lack of flexibility in land tenancy contracts, poor awareness and knowledge of the application of some GHG mitigation measures, perception about market demand e.g bioenergy crops, and scepticism about the future impacts of adopting varying GHG mitigation measures. In the midst of the ongoing net zero transition, this study identifies existing barriers to the uptake of GHG mitigation measures, and specifically, a substantial gap between farmers and the science of GHG mitigation measures and the need to incentivise a farm and farming community-led policy interventions to promote adoption of GHG mitigation measures.
Norovirus NS1/2 protein increases glutaminolysis for efficient viral replication
Authors: Hafner Adam , Meurs Noah , Garner Ari , Azar Elaine , Kannan Aditya , Passalacqua Karla D. , Nagrath Deepak , Wobus Christiane E.
Published: July 2024

Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that rely on host cell metabolism for successful replication. Thus, viruses rewire host cell pathways involved in central carbon metabolism to increase the availability of building blocks for successful propagation. However, the underlying mechanisms of virus-induced alterations to host metabolism are largely unknown. Noroviruses (NoVs) are highly prevalent pathogens that cause sporadic and epidemic viral gastroenteritis. In the present study, we uncovered several strain-specific and shared host cell metabolic requirements of three murine norovirus (MNV) strains, MNV-1, CR3, and CR6. While all three strains required glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and the pentose phosphate pathway for optimal infection of macrophages, only MNV-1 relied on host oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, the first metabolic flux analysis of NoV-infected cells revealed that both glycolysis and glutaminolysis are upregulated during MNV-1 infection of macrophages. Glutamine deprivation affected the viral lifecycle at the stage of genome replication, resulting in decreased non-structural and structural protein synthesis, viral assembly, and egress. Mechanistic studies further showed that MNV infection and overexpression of the non-structural protein NS1/2 increased the enzymatic activity of the rate-limiting enzyme glutaminase. In conclusion, the inaugural investigation of NoV-induced alterations to host glutaminolysis identified NS1/2 as the first viral molecule for RNA viruses that regulates glutaminolysis either directly or indirectly. This increases our fundamental understanding of virus-induced metabolic alterations and may lead to improvements in the cultivation of human NoVs.
Genome-wide CRISPR screenings identified SMCHD1 as a host-restricting factor for AAV transduction
Authors: Wang Chenlu , Liu Yu , Xiong Jingfei , Xie Kun , Wang Tianshu , Hu Yu , Fu Huancheng , Zhang Baiquan , Huang Xiaochao , Bao Hui , Cai Haoyang , Dong Biao , Li Zhonghan
Published: July 2024

AAV-mediated gene therapy typically requires a high dose of viral transduction, risking acute immune responses and patient safety, part of which is due to limited understanding of the host-viral interactions, especially post-transduction viral genome processing. Here, through a genome-wide CRISPR screen, we identified SMCHD1 (Structural Maintenance of Chromosomes Hinge Domain 1), an epigenetic modifier, as a critical broad-spectrum restricting host factor for post-entry AAV transgene expression. SMCHD1 knock-down by RNAi and CRISPRi or knock-out by CRISPR all resulted in significantly enhanced transgene expression across multiple viral serotypes, as well as for both single-strand and self-complementary AAV genome types. Mechanistically, upon viral transduction, SMCHD1 effectively repressed AAV transcription by the formation of an LRIF1-HP1-containing protein complex and directly binding with the AAV genome to maintain a heterochromatin-like state. SMCHD1-KO or LRIF1-KD could disrupt such a complex and thus result in AAV transcriptional activation. Together, our results highlight the host factor-induced chromatin remodeling as a critical inhibitory mechanism for AAV transduction and may shed light on further improvement in AAV-based gene therapy.
The trend towards anti-capitalist dystopia in contemporary serials: Narrative analysis of the Korean tragedy Squid Game
Authors: Fernández-Rodríguez Carlos , Romero-Rodríguez Luis M.
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, the spectator lives surrounded by television series in which increasingly complex, depressing and denouncing themes proliferate. About this, the Netflix hit Squid Game (2021) is a clear representation of a mass culture increasingly virtuous in staging, as well as more horrifying, preachy and sensationalist. Based on the observation of the phenomenon that the series has meant, narrative content analysis has been carried out in which we have sought to find evidence of how mainstream culture continues to popularize and stylize audio-visual abjection in the context of the third golden age of television and the fascination with the plots of torture porn or postmodern cinema of cruelty. The results show that Squid Game is a faithful product of its time: as a current prestige series, it is dark, depressing, pessimistic and has an artistic aura without neglecting entertainment and explores human complexity in themes such as suicide, genocide and violence.
La presencia de mujeres en los consejos de administración y puestos directivos de las empresas: de la Loi (2007) al -proyecto- de Ley órganica de paridad (2024)
Authors: Pons Carmena María
Published: July 2024

El próximo 28 de diciembre de 2024 finaliza el plazo de transposición de la Directiva 2022/2381 que tiene por objeto, precisamente, la mejora del “equilibrio de género” entre los administradores de las sociedades cotizadas. La promoción de la presencia de mujeres en los consejos de administración ya estaba prevista en la LOI de 2007 (art. 75), pero sin carácter vinculante. Por ello, de la mano del deber de incorporar esta Directiva comunitaria, que obliga a la presencia de mujeres mediante un sistema de cuotas, se hace necesario examinar el proyecto de Ley Orgánica de Paridad (2024) que, además de ampliar el alcance y ámbitos de aplicación de la Directiva 2022/2381, aborda la representación paritaria y presencia equilibrada de mujeres y hombres en numerosos organismos e instituciones del Estado. El presente artículo analiza en este sentido y desde un triple plano de análisis -derechos social, societario e de protección de la igualdad-, las pretendidas modificaciones previstas en el proyecto de Ley Orgánica de Paridad (2024), requiriendo para ello plantearse aspectos como la conveniencia de la introducción de cuotas y, por supuesto, los posibles problemas y/o lagunas que pueden encontrarse en la proyectada Ley Orgánica.
Aniztasun funtzionala duten pertsonen inklusio sozio-komunitarioa hezkuntza eremu ez formalean. Mindara Elkartearen kasua
Authors: Martinez Larraburu Usoa , Martinez Erika , Juan Luis Asensio Juan Luis
Published: July 2024

Mindara, aniztasun funtzionala duten pertsonei arreta emateko Gipuzkoako elkartea, 2011. urtean eratu zen. 2013tik eskolaz kanpoko jarduerak eskaintzen ditu kirola eta gizarte inklusioa ardatz duten proiektuen bitartez, kolektiboaren inklusio-soziokomunitarioa sustatuz. Mindarak, praktikatik teoriara igaro den lan metodologia sortu du, ezaugarri propioak dituena eta disziplina anitzeko lan-taldean oinarri duen esku-hartzea proposatzen duena. Hiru oinarri dituen marko teoriko batean kokatzen da: aniztasun funtzionalaren definizioa, kolektiboaren inklusio sozio-komunitariorako estrategiak eta inklusiorako eskubidea bizitza eremu guztietan. Mindarak aniztasun funtzionala duten pertsonen inklusiorako erabiltzen dituen tresnak zehaztuta ditu. Kolektiboaren gaitasunak eta eskubideak aldarrikatzearekin bat hauen ikusgarritasuna eta ahalduntzea sustatzea lortzen du. Mindararen esperientzia partekatzearekin batera, arloko profesionalek aintzat hartu ditzaketen inklusiorako 10 aholku eskaintzen dira. Lanaren ondorioetan, Mindarak inklusioaren baitan betetzen duen hutsunea aldarrikatzen da, bai eta administrazioak kolektiboaren eskubideak bermatzeko duen betebeharra azpimarratu ere, oraindik hutsune handiak daudelako pertsona ororentzat osoki eman behar litekeen inklusio sozio-komunitarioan.
A fenntartható divattal kapcsolatos döntések vizsgálata a középiskolások körében
Authors: Tódor Imre
Published: July 2024

A fenntarthatóság az elmúlt években aktuális és jelentőségteljes kérdéssé vált. A Magyarországon évek óta megrendezésre kerülő Fenntarthatósági Témahéthez hasonlóan a 2013/2014-es tanévtől kezdődően Románia Oktatási Minisztériuma kötelező jelleggel bevezette a „Zöld Hétnek” nevezett fenntarthatósági témahetet, amelynek keretén belül a pedagógusok iskolai és iskolán kívüli tevékenységeket szerveznek a tanulók számára. Jelen tanulmány a fenntarthatóság egyik szegmensére, a fenntartható divatra fókuszál, amely nagymértékben érinti a középiskolás tanulók mindennapjait. A divatipar nagy részére jelenleg a következők jellemzőek: rövid termékéletciklus, magas piaci volatilitás és nagyszámú impulzusvásárlás (Myint és Lee, 2017; Radtke és mtsai, 2022; Strähle, 2017). Kutatásom célja a Z generációs tanulók szokásainak, fenntartható divattal kapcsolatos fogyasztói magatartásának, döntési mechanizmusainak a vizsgálata. Kutatásom során arra keresem a választ, hogy a tanulók milyen kritériumok alapján hozzák meg a ruhavásárlási döntésüket, milyen vásárlói klasztercsoportok fedezhetők fel, és mi jellemzi őket. A kvantitatív kutatásom célcsoportját egy székelyföldi megye magyar tannyelvű középiskoláinak tanulói képezik. Valószínűségi, azon belül rétegzett típusú mintavételt alkalmaztam. A mintába 13 középiskola került be, a minta elemszáma 1311 fő. A kutatás eszközéül a kérdőív szolgált, amelynek kérdéskörei három főcsoportba sorolhatók. Első körben a tanulók szocio-demográfiai, szocio-ökonómiai, szociokulturális és iskolaszintű adataira; másodsorban a fenntartható divat fogalmára, a fenntartható ruházatra való áttérés hajlandóságára; harmadsorban a tanulók ruhavásárlási kritériumaira, a vásárlások gyakoriságára, összegére, helyszínére, információforrására kérdeztem rá. A tanulók ruhavásárlási döntéseinek elsődleges kritériumát a termék ára, minősége és dizájnja képezi. A klaszteranalízis eredményeként négy különálló tanulói csoportot sikerült elkülönítenünk, akiket a praktikus vásárlók, kedvezményvadászok, márkahű-orientáltak és fenntartható-orientáltak elnevezéssel illettünk.
지속적인 홍수 및 공기 유입에 의한 신월 빗물저류배수시설 내 수리적 안정성 및 압력변화 특성에 대한 실험 연구
Authors: Oh Jun Oh , Jun Sang Mi ,   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis
Published: July 2024

A hydraulic model experimental was conducted to evaluate the hydraulic stability of the facility and analyze
fluctuation in pressure inside the facility by applying various flood scenarios to the Shinwol rainwater storage
and drainage system. There are total 55 experimental scenarios, which are mixture 5 inlet discharge scenarios
and 11 scenarios of the residual amount in the tunnel. As a result of the experiment, it showed that when
the ratio of the sum of inflow and initial residual amount in the tunnel and the total storage capacity of
the tunnel was 1.3 ~ 1.5 in the inflow scenario above P10. Analyzing the cause of the overflow, the air
introduced with the flood is pressurized by undualr bore. It was analyzed that chocking occurred as pressurized
air explodes in the process of exhausting the pressurized air to the drop shaft. As a result of measuring
the pressure change at main points, it is judged that securing the hydraulic stability of the facility depends
on the time it takes for the pressure in the facility to stabilize and that hydraulic stability is secured when
compressed air is smoothly exhausted from the exhaust facility.
Distinguishing Features of Autoimmune Gastritis Depending on Previous Helicobacter pylori Infection or Positivity to Anti-Parietal Cell Antibodies: Results From the Autoimmune gastRitis Italian netwOrk Study grOup (ARIOSO)
Authors: Lenti Marco Vincenzo , Miceli Emanuela , Lahner Edith , Natalello Gabriele , Massironi Sara , Schiepatti Annalisa , Zingone Fabiana , Sciola Valentina , Rossi Roberta Elisa , Cannizzaro Renato , De Giorgi Elena Maria , Gregorio Virginia , Fazzino Erica , Gentile Antonella , Petrucci Clarissa , Dilaghi Emanuele , Pivetta Giulia , Vanoli Alessandro , Luinetti Ombretta , Paulli Marco , Anderloni Andrea , Vecchi Maurizio , Biagi Federico , Repici Alessandro , Savarino Edoardo Vincenzo , Joudaki Shamim , Delliponti Mariangela , Pasini Alessandra , Facciotti Federica , Farinati Fabio , D'Elios Mario Milco , Della Bella Chiara , Annibale Bruno , Klersy Catherine , Corazza Gino Roberto , Di Sabatino Antonio
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:

To describe the clinical features and the risk of developing gastric tumors in patients with autoimmune gastritis (AIG).

METHODS:

This was a retrospective, longitudinal, multicenter study conducted at 8 Italian tertiary referral centers. We retrieved clinical data from all histologically proven patients with AIG. Differences between Helicobacter pylori-exposed vs H. pylori-naive and anti-parietal cell antibody (PCA)-positive vs PCA-negative patients were investigated. The rate of gastric adenocarcinoma and type 1 gastric neuroendocrine neoplasm (gNEN) was assessed. A multivariable model for factors associated with gNEN was fitted.

RESULTS:

A total of 1,598 patients with AIG (median age 58 years, interquartile range 46–68; F:M ratio 2.7:1) were included. H. pylori-naive patients were more likely to have a first-degree family history of AIG (14.7% vs 8.9%; P = 0.012), type 1 diabetes mellitus (4.9% vs 2.3%; P = 0.025), and pernicious anemia (30.9% vs 21.1%; P = 0.003). PCA-positive patients had significantly more associated autoimmune diseases (59.0% vs 42.9%; P < 0.001) and were more likely to have been diagnosed by a case-finding strategy (15.3% vs 2.6%; P < 0.001). Overall, 15 cases (0.9%) of gastric adenocarcinoma and 153 cases (9.6%) of gNEN occurred, with a global rate of 0.12 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07–0.20) and 1.22 (95% CI 1.03–1.42) per 100 person/year, respectively. Having a vitamin B12/iron deficiency manifestation at AIG diagnosis was associated with a 16.44 (95% CI 9.94–27.20 P < 0.001) hazard ratio of gNEN.

DISCUSSION:

The “pure” AIG pattern has typical features of an autoimmune disease and seems to be unrelated to H. pylori. In a tertiary referral setting, the risk of developing overt gastric adenocarcinoma is low, while patients with vitamin B12 deficiency complications at onset may benefit from a more intense endoscopic follow-up for early gNEN detection.
Ultrasonographic features of normal parathyroid glands confirmed during thyroid surgery in adult patients
Authors: Kim Seong Ju , Paik Wooyul , Lee Jong Cheol , Song Yong Jin , Yoon Kwanghyun , Noh Byeong-Joo , Na Dong Gyu
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study was performed to examine the ultrasonography (US) features of normal parathyroid glands (PTGs) that were identified on preoperative US and subsequently confirmed during thyroid surgery.Methods: This retrospective study included a consecutive sample of 161 patients (mean±standard deviation age, 56±14 years; 128 women) with 294 normal PTGs identified on preoperative US PTG mapping and confirmed during thyroidectomy. A presumed normal PTG on US was defined as a small, round to oval, hyperechoic structure in the central neck. These presumed normal PTGs, as identified on preoperative US, were mapped onto thyroid computed tomography images and diagrams of the thyroid gland and neck. During the preoperative real-time US examinations, the location, size, shape, echogenicity, echotexture, and intraglandular vascular flow of the identified presumed PTGs were assessed. These characteristics were compared between superior and inferior PTGs using the generalized estimating equation method.Results: The typical US features of homogeneous hyperechogenicity without intraglandular vascular flow were observed in 267 (90.8%) normal PTGs, while atypical features, including isoechogenicity (1.0%), heterogeneous echotexture with focal hypoechogenicity (5.8%), and intraglandular vascular flow (3.7%), were noted in 27 (9.2%). Inferior PTGs were more frequently identified in posterolateral (36.1% vs. 5.3%) and thyroid pole locations (29.9% vs. 5.3%), and less frequently in posteromedial locations (29.2% vs. 88.0%), compared to superior PTGs (P<0.001 for each comparison).Conclusion: Most normal PTGs displayed the typical US features of homogeneous hyperechogenicity without intraglandular vascular flow. However, in rare cases, normal PTGs exhibited atypical features, including isoechogenicity, heterogeneous echotexture with focal hypoechogenicity, and intraglandular vascular flow.
An Innovative AgNP-based Solar Panel Coating and Farmland Fertility Optimization (FFO) based Power Extraction Methodology for Grid Systems
Authors: Palanichamy Priya , Krishnasamy Rajesh , Kumar Thiagamani Senthil Muthu
Published: July 2024

In the power electronic system, coated solar panels attracted a lot of interest in present times. The proposed work aims to achieve two key objectives: maximal power extraction and solar panel coating. To reduce the cost of coating material for solar panels, Silver Nano Particles (AgNPs) are first collected from the leaves of Rose periwinkle plants. This strategy aims to achieve maximal power extraction by coating solar panels with green synthesized silver nanoparticles. To reduce the cost of coating material, Rosy periwinkle plant leaves are used to synthesize silver nanoparticles or AgNPs. To ascertain the framework's capacity for measuring energy both before and after the panels are coated with AgNP, this study theoretically analyses the data. The power current and voltage-current characteristics of the study were validated, enabling an examination of the study's effectiveness. The coated type outperformed the normal solar panel by 2%, according to the results. With a new approach called Farmland Fertility Optimization – Maximum Power Position Tracking, the precise peak site for increased energy yield is discovered. The bi-directional converter is also utilized to mitigate stress and increase voltage gain. To improve the power quality with fewer harmonics, the 3-phase inverter and the LC filtering circuits are used. Finally, a variety of performance measures are used to confirm the results of coated solar panels using power-tracking control techniques. The findings suggest that AgNP-coated solar panels provide the best possible electrical energy with improved voltage, current, and power quality. Performance evaluation shows that the coated solar panel's power tracking efficiency has increased to 99% with decreased harmonics of 2.52%.
Efectos de la lectura en voz alta. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Roa Casas Catalina , Hederich Christian
Published: July 2024

Se presenta una revisión narrativa de artículos incluidos en la base de indexación Scopus sobre la lectura en voz alta (LVA), con el propósito de hacer un balance de los resultados de investigación en torno los efectos de esta estrategia más allá del campo educativo. Esta revisión permite tener una idea amplia de las posibilidades que la lectura en voz alta abre a los sujetos y los modos en que afecta su bienestar y su desarrollo personal y social. Se seleccionaron 104 artículos de diferentes áreas en los que la LVA es estrategia principal o asociada con otras. Se hacen análisis cuantitativos de años de publicación, revistas, instituciones, áreas temáticas más recurrentes y colaboración entre autores. Así mismo, se describe el tipo de texto leído, el sujeto que lee, la edad y los niveles escolares y las particularidades de la población participante.
New and emerging perspectives for technology assessment: Malevolent creativity and civil security
Authors: Gazos Alexandros , Madeira Octavia , Plattner Georg , Röller Tim , Büscher Christian
Published: July 2024

The characteristics of new technologies can cause significant harm to society. This does not only apply to unintended consequences, but even more so when the technologies are used for malicious purposes. The latter can be observed in the domain of civil security. Here, negative developments such as social polarization, increasing radicalization, and democratic regression alongside a deteriorating security situation are increasingly associated with technological innovation and malevolent creativity. As society becomes more and more aware of such correlations, technology assessment is called upon to provide orientation knowledge. This requires appropriate approaches and knowledge tools to assess the potential role of technology in relation to radicalization and political extremism.
El conducto reglamentario en las fuerzas armadas. Análisis histórico, régimen jurídico vigente y valoración crítica de su mantenimiento en el procedimiento administrativo
Authors: Prados Prados Santiago
Published: July 2024

Una de las esenciales, trascendentales e históricas especialidades que caracterizan a las jerarquizadas Fuerzas Armadas es la observancia, en las relaciones de mando, del denominado «conducto reglamentario». Este es una singular y preceptiva vía que todo militar debe seguir en asuntos del servicio para comunicar y presentar escritos que deba conocer y, en su caso, resolver el superior jerárquico, necesariamente tramitados a través del jefe inmediato y siguiendo la estructura orgánica. La legislación vigente, común y específica militar, ha supuesto una sustantiva modificación en el alcance y exigencia del conducto reglamentario, homologando y equiparando al militar como interesado en el procedimiento administrativo a las previsiones de la legislación común referida principalmente al lugar de presentación de solicitudes y recursos, produciéndose con ello una cualitativa afectación en su estatuto jurídico. Esta original y novedosa monografía, profusamente documentada, con un análisis histórico hasta la actualidad, plantea críticamente esta tradicional y peculiar vía castrense utilizada, contrastándola con la normativa administrativa y militar vigente, sometiéndola al necesario juicio de legalidad. Si bien, como se pone de manifiesto por el autor, el conducto reglamentario debe quedar relegado a supuestos muy tasados y debidamente justificados, con aplicación en los demás casos del régimen general previsto en el procedimiento administrativo común, aún es necesario la plena asunción de esta adecuación de la normativa castrense y su debida modificación de lege ferenda en esta materia.
La deducción del IVA en la actividad investigadora desarrollada por las universidades. Comentarios a la Sentencia del Tribunal Supremo núm. 1704/2023, de 15 de diciembre de 2023
Authors: González Aparicio Marta
Published: July 2024

El Tribunal Supremo, en su Sentencia núm. 1704/2023, de 15 de diciembre de 2023, aclara y refuerza el derecho a la deducción de las cuotas del IVA soportadas por adquisiciones de bienes y servicios afectos a la actividad de investigación básica realizada por las Universidades, incluso en los casos en los que los proyectos de investigación básica no conlleven una contraprestación de forma inmediata y directa. Con ello, el Tribunal rechaza el criterio Administrativo iniciado en la resolución del TEAC de 25 de septiembre de 2018, que negaba la sujeción al IVA de las actividades de investigación básica cuando su finalidad no era la explotación empresarial, sino la transferencia de conocimiento a la sociedad.
From Virtual to Physical
Authors: Reimannová Irena , Keplová Kateřina
Published: July 2024

Since the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century, teachers of all levels of education have been experiencing turbulent times. Beginner teachers as well as experienced ones have been forced to rethink their skillset to reflect the changes not only in opportunities provided by the development of technology and globalisation but also the sudden, unexpected consequences of the global pandemic. The governmental decision to close all educational institutions in the Czech Republic because of the COVID-19 pandemic and to move the teaching and learning process into an online environment had an impact on university initial teacher education for future teachers of English, among others. Everyone had to cope with the challenges the situation brought about; educators had to re-evaluate their approach to initial teacher education so that their students would feel better prepared for the challenges of the crisis. Teacher educators, among others, have embraced the changing environment and have been actively searching for ways to best support students in their preparation for the teaching profession.
The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the results of research conducted at the Department of English and American Studies at a regional Czech university in response to the consequences of the pandemic. The aim of the small-scale study was to explore student teachers’ perceptions of whether and how their microteaching sessions, conducted online because of the pandemic restrictions, prepared them for their face-to-face placement practice teaching the following semester. The context, therefore, was heavily influenced by the circumstances of the global pandemic. The theoretical framework of the initial English language teacher education programme, and of this paper, is based on the models of teacher professionalism (Spilková, 2019), the reflective practitioner (Černá, Píšová, & Vlčková, 2017), and the realistic approach (Korthagen et al., 2001).
In the study, the data from reflection sessions, two focus group discussions, and a questionnaire were collected, analysed, and evaluated. The participants in the study were second-year bachelor students of the English for Education programme. The results of the research indicate that the students did not see the aims and content of the selected study programme as being affected by changes of external conditions; however, the processes of their professional learning were perceived as having been affected. These outcomes are in alignment with the research of Yochanna and Levy (2022) into the effective implementation of microteaching practice in teacher preparation.
The implications of this study, in terms of both education and research, suggest that initial teacher education for future teachers of English needs to address the challenge of enabling the students to get ready for their profession regardless of whether they are teaching online or face-to-face classes. Initial teacher education should aim to prepare future teachers to expect the unexpected, which is a theme to be explored in further research.
Development of the optimal composition of tablets with the active substance potassium 2-((4-amino-5-(morpholinomethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate. Message 1. Study of the effect of auxiliary substances on bulk density, bulk density after shrinkage, fluidity and angle of natural slope of powder masses
Authors: Shcherbyna R. O. , Khromylova O. V. , Nimenko H. R. , Salionov V. O.
Published: July 2024

The pharmaceutical industry continually evolves to meet the demands of modern society for high-quality medications. One avenue of this advancement involves exploring new technologies for manufacturing tablet formulations that adhere to contemporary quality standards. An integral aspect of this process is the careful selection of optimal excipients that preserve the pharmacological activity of the active substance to the greatest extent possible. Investigating the impact of various excipients on the tablet compression process is pivotal to addressing this challenge. Therefore, the study of the influence of excipients on the pharmaco-technological properties of tablets with potassium 2-((4-amino-5-(morpholinomethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate is an important aspect, so as this substance has pronounced hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties.
The aim of the work was to study the effect of excipients on the pharmaco-technological parameters of tablets with the active ingredient potassium 2-((4-amino-5-(morpholinomethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate obtained by the method direct pressing.
Materials and methods. Active substance – potassium 2-((4-amino-5-(morpholinomethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate, auxiliary substances (excipients based on microcrystalline cellulose, auxiliary substances based on granulated sugars, lubricants, lubricants). The powder mixtures were checked for bulk density, bulk density after compaction, flowability and angle of natural slope. The tablets were pressed by the direct pressing method. The effect of auxiliary substances on the pressing process was studied.
Results. The conducted studies show that the powder mass of potassium 2-((4-amino-5-(morpholinomethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate and auxiliary substances was characterized by good pharmaco-technological indicators – bulk density and bulk density after compaction, fluidity and angle of natural slope. Further, during the tableting process, it was confirmed that the powder mass has satisfactory properties. In almost all series of experiments, the process of pressing the tablets took place without difficulties, the matrix was evenly filled, but the force of pushing the tablets out of the matrix was different.
Conclusions. The study involving 16 excipients, including fillers, disintegrants, and lubricants to develop the composition and technology was conducted of a new tablet medicine containing potassium 2-((4-amino-5-(morpholinomethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)thio)acetate. This comprehensive examination enabled us to identify the optimal auxiliary substances that fulfill all the pharmaco-technological requirements stipulated by the State Pharmacopoeia of Ukraine for tablet formulations.
Comparison of phytochemical composition, antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities of lipophilic and ethanolic green tea leaf extracts
Authors: Maslov O. Yu. , Komisarenko M. A. , Ponomarenko S. V. , Kolisnyk S. V. , Osolodchenko T. P. , Golik M. Yu.
Published: July 2024

Infection diseases are a worldwide important problem for medicine and pharmacy. Today, there is a high interest in the evolution of new antimicrobial drugs due to the increasing percentage of resistant bacteria and fungi strains. Green tea leaf contains a variety of natural compounds that are possible to apply in the creation of new antimicrobial drugs.
The aim of the work was to compare phytochemical composition, antimicrobial, antifungal activities of lipophilic and ethanolic green tea leaf extracts.
Materials and methods. The object of the research was the lipophilic extract obtained using chloroform, along with two ethanolic extracts of green tea leaves. One of the ethanolic extracts had been previously processed with chloroform, while the other had not. Antioxidant activity was determined by the potentiometric method, while antimicrobial and antifungal activities were assessed by the “wells” method.
Results. The lipophilic extract of green tea leaves contains predominantly caffeine and organic acids, with the lowest amount of phenolic compounds. In contrast, the ethanolic extracts show the opposite pattern, with phenolic compounds predominating and caffeine present in lower quantities. The lipophilic extract exhibits greater inhibition of the growth of S. aureus, E. coli, P. vulgaris, B. subtilis, and C. albicans compared to the 96 % ethanolic extract processed with chloroform, with inhibition rates of 19 %, 18 %, 12 %, 12 %, 16 %, and 20 % respectively. When comparing antimicrobial activity to the 96 % ethanolic extract without chloroform treatment, the results remained consistent. The antioxidant activity of the lipophilic extract was 58.7 and 60.0 times lower than that of the 96 % ethanolic extract processed with chloroform and the 96 % ethanolic extract without treatment, respectively.
Conclusions. The study revealed that the lipophilic extract exhibited greater inhibition of the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi compared to the ethanolic extracts. However, it showed a lower level of antioxidant activity. It is hypothesized that caffeine, organic acids, and catechins may interact synergistically to enhance the antimicrobial and antifungal activity of green tea leaf extracts. The lipophilic extract shows promise for further development in the production of antimicrobial and antifungal drugs.