bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Clinical Practice Improvement Advisory for Management of Perioperative Bleeding and Hemostasis in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Authors: Raphael Jacob , Mazer C. David , Subramani Sudhakar , Schroeder Andrew , Abdalla Mohamed , Ferreira Renata , Roman Philip E. , Patel Nichlesh , Welsby Ian , Greilich Philip E. , Harvey Reed , Ranucci Marco , Heller Lori B. , Boer Christa , Wilkey Andrew , Hill Steven E. , Nuttall Gregory A. , Palvadi Raja R. , Patel Prakash A. , Wilkey Barbara , Gaitan Brantley , Hill Shanna S. , Kwak Jenny , Klick John , Bollen Bruce A. , Shore-Lesserson Linda , Abernathy James , Schwann Nanette , Lau W. Travis
Published: October 2019

Bleeding after cardiac surgery is a common and serious complication leading to transfusion of multiple blood products and resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Despite the publication of numerous guidelines and consensus statements for patient blood management in cardiac surgery, research has revealed that adherence to these guidelines is poor, and as a result, a significant variability in patient transfusion practices among practitioners still remains. In addition, although utilization of point-of-care (POC) coagulation monitors and the use of novel therapeutic strategies for perioperative hemostasis, such as the use of coagulation factor concentrates, have increased significantly over the last decade, they are still not widely available in every institution. Therefore, despite continuous efforts, blood transfusion in cardiac surgery has only modestly declined over the last decade, remaining at ≥50% in high-risk patients. Given these limitations, and in response to new regulatory and legislature requirements, the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA) has formed the Blood Conservation in Cardiac Surgery Working Group to organize, summarize, and disseminate the available best-practice knowledge in patient blood management in cardiac surgery. The current publication includes the summary statements and algorithms designed by the working group, after collection and review of the existing guidelines, consensus statements, and recommendations for patient blood management practices in cardiac surgery patients. The overall goal is creating a dynamic resource of easily accessible educational material that will help to increase and improve compliance with the existing evidence-based best practices of patient blood management by cardiac surgery care teams.
Developmental analyses of mouse embryos and adults using a non-overlapping tracing system for all three germ layers
Authors: Serizawa Takashi , Isotani Ayako , Matsumura Takafumi , Nakanishi Katsuyuki , Nonaka Shigenori , Shibata Shinsuke , Ikawa Masahito , Okano Hideyuki
Published: October 2019

Genetic lineage tracing techniques are powerful tools for studying specific cell populations in development and pathogenesis. Previous techniques have mainly involved systems for tracing a single gene, which are limited in their ability to facilitate direct comparisons of the contributions of different cell lineages. We have developed a new combinatorial system for tracing all three germ layers using self-cleaving 2A peptides and multiple site-specific recombinases (SSRs). In the resulting TRiCK (TRiple Coloured germ layer Knock-in) mice, the three germ layers are conditionally and simultaneously labelled with distinct fluorescent proteins via embryogenesis. We show that previously reported ectopic expressions of lineage markers are the outcome of secondary gene expression. The results presented here also indicate that the commitment of caudal axial stem cells to neural or mesodermal fate proceeds without lineage fluctuations, contrary to the notion of their bi-potency. Moreover, we developed IMES, an optimized tissue clearing method, which is highly compatible with a variety of fluorescent proteins and immunostaining, and the combined use of TRiCK mice and IMES can facilitate comprehensive analyses of dynamic contributions of all three germ layers.
Endocrine and local signaling interact to regulate spermatogenesis in zebrafish: Follicle-stimulating hormone, retinoic acid and androgens
Authors: Crespo Diego , Assis Luiz H. C. , van de Kant Henk J. G. , de Waard Sjors , Safian Diego , Lemos Moline S. , Bogerd Jan , Schulz Rüdiger W.
Published: October 2019

Retinoic acid (RA) is critical for mammalian spermatogonia differentiation, and stimulates Stra8 expression, a gene required for meiosis. Certain fish species, including zebrafish, have lost the stra8 gene. While RA still seems important for spermatogenesis in fish, it is not known which stage(s) respond to RA or if its effects are integrated into the endocrine regulation of spermatogenesis. In zebrafish, RA promoted spermatogonia differentiation, supported androgen-stimulated meiosis and reduced spermatocyte and spermatid apoptosis. Follicle-stimulating hormone (Fsh) stimulated RA production. Expressing a dominant-negative RA receptor variant in germ cells clearly disturbed spermatogenesis but meiosis and spermiogenesis still took place although sperm quality was low in 6 months-old adults. This condition also activated Leydig cells. Three months later, spermatogenesis apparently had recovered, but doubling of testis weight demonstrated hypertrophy, apoptosis/DNA damage among spermatids was high and sperm quality remained low. We conclude that RA signaling is important for zebrafish spermatogenesis but is not of critical relevance. Since Fsh stimulates androgen and RA production, germ cell-mediated, RA-dependent reduction of Leydig cell activity may form a hitherto unknown intratesticular negative feedback loop.
Effects of FABP knockdown on flight performance of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria
Authors: Rajapakse Sanjeeva , Qu David , Sayed Ahmed Ahmed , Rickers-Haunerland Jutta , Haunerland Norbert H.
Published: October 2019

During migratory flight, desert locusts rely on fatty acids as their predominant source of energy. Lipids mobilized in the fat body are transported to the flight muscles and enter the muscle cells as free fatty acids. It has been postulated that muscle fatty acid-binding protein (FABP) is needed for the efficient translocation of fatty acids through the aqueous cytosol towards mitochondrial β-oxidation. To assess whether FABP is required for this process, dsRNA was injected into freshly emerged adult males to knockdown the expression of FABP. Three weeks after injection, FABP and its mRNA were undetectable in flight muscle, indicating efficient silencing of FABP expression. At rest, control and treated animals exhibited no morphological or behavioral differences. In tethered flight experiments, both control and treated insects were able to fly continually in the initial, carbohydrate-fueled phase of flight, and in both groups lipids were mobilized and released into the hemolymph. Flight periods exceeding thirty minutes, however, when fatty acids become the main energy source, were rarely possible for FABP-depleted animals, while control insects continued to fly for more than 2 h. These results demonstrate that FABP is an essential element of skeletal muscle energy metabolism in vivo.
Cardiac remodeling in response to embryonic crude oil exposure involves unconventional NKX family members and innate immunity genes
Authors: Gardner Luke D. , Peck Karen A. , Goetz Giles W. , Linbo Tiffany L. , Cameron James , Scholz Nathaniel L. , Block Barbara A. , Incardona John P.
Published: October 2019

Cardiac remodeling results from both physiological and pathological stimuli. Compared to mammals, fish hearts show a broader array of remodeling changes in response to environmental influences, providing exceptional models for dissecting the molecular and cellular bases of cardiac remodeling. We recently characterized a form of pathological remodeling in juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) in response to crude oil exposure during embryonic cardiogenesis. In the absence of overt pathology (cardiomyocyte death or inflammatory infiltrate), cardiac ventricles in exposed fish showed altered shape, reduced thickness of compact myocardium, and hypertrophic changes in spongy, trabeculated myocardium. Here we used RNA sequencing to characterize molecular pathways underlying these defects. In juvenile ventricular cardiomyocytes, antecedent embryonic oil exposure led to dose-dependent up-regulation of genes involved in innate immunity and two NKX homeobox transcription factors not previously associated with cardiomyocytes, nkx2.3 and nkx3.3. Absent from mammalian genomes, the latter is largely uncharacterized. In zebrafish embryos nkx3.3 demonstrated a potent effect on cardiac morphogenesis, equivalent to nkx2.5, the primary transcription factor associated with ventricular cardiomyocyte identity. The role of nkx3.3 in heart growth is potentially linked to the unique regenerative capacity of fish and amphibians. Moreover, these findings support a cardiomyocyte-intrinsic role for innate immune response genes in pathological hypertrophy. This study demonstrates how an expanding mechanistic understanding of environmental pollution impacts – i.e., the chemical perturbation of biological systems – can ultimately yield new insights into fundamental biological processes.
Path minimization in a tandem running Indian ant in the context of colony relocation
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Snigdha , Pathak Manish Kumar , Annagiri Sumana
Published: October 2019

The phenomenon of minimizing the path length to a target site in order to increase transport efficiency is described as path optimization, and it has been observed in many mammals, birds and some invertebrates like honeybees and ants. It has been demonstrated that ants can optimize their foraging path through an emergent process, involving the trail pheromone concentration, without individual ants having to measure and compare distances.

In the current study, we investigated if ants that use only tandem running to recruit their nestmates can minimize their path while relocating their entire colony into a new nest. As colony relocation directly impacts the survival of the whole colony, it would be particularly important to optimize their path to the new nest. Using the ponerine ant Diacamma indicum, we conducted relocation experiments, in which ants had to choose between different defined paths and contrasted our findings with open arena experiments, as they navigate to their new nest. After following 4100 unique transports by 450 different transporters, we found that these ants minimize their path. Individual leaders, as well as colonies, choose the shorter path significantly more than the longer path, and they showed a significant preference for the shorter arm at multiple decision points on encountering a combination of paths. Thus, we concluded that tandem leaders are capable of path minimization based on the information they themselves collect. Further investigation into the proximate mechanisms by which they achieve this is required.
Red coloration varies with dietary carotenoid access and nutritional condition in kittiwakes
Authors: Leclaire Sarah , Bourret Vincent , Pineaux Maxime , Blanchard Pierrick , Danchin Etienne , Hatch Scott A.
Published: October 2019

Carotenoid-based ornaments are common signaling features in animals. Although the mechanisms that link color-based signals to individual condition is key to understanding the evolution and function of these ornaments, they are most often poorly known. Several hypotheses have been posited. They include (i) the role of foraging abilities on carotenoid acquisition and thereby carotenoid-based ornaments, and (ii) the role of internal processes linked to individual quality on the allocation and conversion of carotenoids in integuments. Here we tested the influence of dietary carotenoid access vs. internal process on gape coloration in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla). This seabird displays vibrant red gape, whose coloration varies with individual quality in males and is due to the deposition of red ketocarotenoids, such as astaxanthin. We decreased hydroxy- and ketocarotenoid levels in plasma, but increased efficiency in internal processes linked to nutritional condition, by supplementing breeding males with capelin, a natural energy-rich fish prey. We found that, despite having lower carotenoid levels in plasma, supplemented birds developed redder coloration than control birds, but only in the year when dietary levels of astaxanthin in the natural diet was low. In contrast, in astaxanthin-rich years, supplemented males had less-red gape than unsupplemented birds. These results suggest that inter-individual differences in internal processes may be sufficient to maintain the honesty of gape coloration under conditions of low dietary astaxanthin levels. Nonetheless, when inter-individuals variations in dietary astaxanthin levels are elevated (such as in the crustacean-rich year), carotenoid access seems a more limiting factor to the expression of gape coloration than internal processes. Our study revealed therefore a complex mechanism of gape color production in kittiwakes, and suggests that the main factor maintaining the condition-dependency of this ornaments may vary with environmental conditions and diet composition.
A quick tongue: older honey bees dip nectar faster to compensate for mouthpart structure degradation
Authors: Wu Jianing , Chen Yue , Li Chuchu , Lehnert Matthew S. , Yang Yunqiang , Yan Shaoze
Published: October 2019

The western honey bee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera), is arguably the most important pollinator worldwide. While feeding, A. mellifera uses a rapid back-and-forth motion with its brush-like mouthparts to probe pools and films of nectar. Due to the physical forces experienced by the mouthparts during the feeding process, we hypothesized that the mouthparts acquire wear or damage over time, which is paradoxical, because it is the older worker bees that are tasked with foraging for nectar and pollen. Here, we show that the average length of the setae (brush-like structures) on the glossa decreases with honey bee age, particularly when feeding on high-viscosity sucrose solutions. The nectar intake rate, however, remains nearly constant regardless of age or setae length (0.39±0.03 µg/s for honey bees fed a 45% sucrose solution and 0.48±0.05 µg/s for those fed a 35% sucrose solution). Observations of the feeding process with high-speed video recording revealed that the older honey bees with shorter setae dip nectar at a higher frequency. We propose a liquid transport model to calculate the nectar intake rate, energy intake rate and the power to overcome viscous drag. Theoretical analysis indicates that A. mellifera with shorter glossal setae can compensate both nectar and energy intake rates by increasing dipping frequency. The altered feeding behavior provides insight into how A. mellifera, and perhaps other insects with similar feeding mechanisms, can maintain a consistent fluid uptake rate, despite having damaged mouthparts.
Abdominal visceral adipose tissue is associated with unsuspected pulmonary embolism on routine CT scans in patients with gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Xiao Xiaojuan , Wang Yao , Gao Ying , Xie Qiuxia , Zhou Xuhui , Lin Ling , Dekkers Ilona A. , Lamb Hildo J.
Published: October 2019

Objective:

Unsuspected pulmonary embolism (UPE) has been increasingly diagnosed as an incidental finding on CT scans for routine staging in cancer patients. Previous studies suggest that obesity is an independent risk factor for venous thromboembolism in patients with malignant tumors. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between abdominal adipose tissue, especially visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the occurrence of UPE in hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal cancer.

Methods:

Routine contrast-enhanced chest and abdominal CT scans of 1974 patients were retrospectively assessed for the presence of UPE, of which 58 patients were identified with UPE and 108 non-UPE patients were selected as the non-UPE control group based on several matching criteria. Abdominal adipose tissue was measured by volumes of VAT and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) at the navel level.

Results:

VAT, SAT, indwelling venous catheters, surgery, chemotherapy, and bed rest or immobilization were associated with the occurrence of UPE. Higher VAT volumes were associated with increased risk of UPE (odds ratio: 1.96; 95% confidence interval: 1.25, 3.06; p = 0.003) adjusting body mass index (BMI), bed rest or immobilization, surgery, chemotherapy and smoking, while SAT was not associated with UPE adjusting the same confounders (p = 0.117). No statistical association was found between BMI and UPE (p = 0.102).

Conclusion:

Higher VAT rather than SAT is associated with an increased risk of unsuspected pulmonary embolism on routine CT scans in hospitalized gastrointestinal cancer patients.

Advances in knowledge:

Our findings indicate that VAT is a stronger risk factor for unsuspected pulmonary embolism than BMI and SAT in hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal cancer.
Fluid around the distal tibialis posterior tendon on ankle MRI: prevalence and clinical relevance
Authors: Lee Sangoh , Oliveira Ines , Li Yueyang , Welck Matthew , Saifuddin Asif
Published: October 2019

Objective:

It has been stated that the distal 1–2 cm of the tibialis posterior tendon (TPT) does not have a tendon sheath but rather a paratenon, and that any fluid seen around this segment on ankle MRI is considered to represent paratendonitis. The prevalence and clinical significance of isolated TPT paratendonitis diagnosed on ankle MRI is unknown. This study aims to correlate the presence of isolated distal segment TPT paratendonitis on ankle MRI, with the presence or absence of medial midfoot pain.

Methods:

A retrospective database of 195 consecutive 3 T ankle MRI studies was assessed for the presence of isolated TPT paratendonitis. Relevant clinical notes were available in 159 of these cases, and were reviewed for the absence or presence of medial midfoot pain.

Results:

Of 133 patients with both ankle MRI studies and clinical notes available, 53 (33.3%) patients had isolated TPT paratendonitis based on MRI. Of these, 37 (69.8%) had reported no medial foot pain on review of clinical records, while medial foot pain was recorded in 16 cases (30.2%). The comparison of TPT paratendonitis with clinically evident medial midfoot pain showed no statistically significant association (p = 0.19).

Conclusion:

Fluid signal intensity around the distal 1–2 cm of the TPT is a relatively common finding on ankle MRI. Therefore, care should be taken when reporting ankle MRI studies not to overstate the relevance of this finding.

Advances in knowledge:

There was no statistically significant relationship between medial midfoot pain and the presence of isolated TPT paratendonitis.
The accuracy of panoramic radiography as a screening of bone mineral density in women: a systematic review
Authors: Kinalski Mateus Azevedo , Boscato Noeli , Damian Melissa Feres
Published: October 2019

Objectives:

A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies was conducted to assess if the radiomorphometric indexes observed in panoramic radiographies could estimate reduced bone mineral density (BMD) similarly to standard technique the bone densitometry (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) in females older than 30 years.

Methods:

A systematic search in four databases was conducted until January 2019. Two evaluators performed data extraction and evaluation of risk of bias independently, and agreement was achieved by consensus. Data were synthesized on a subgroup meta-analysis with a random effect model and the hierarchical summary receiver-operating characteristic curve was used to calculate pooled estimates of studies.

Results:

Thirty three studies were included and 12 different radiomorphometric indexes identified, including Mandibular Cortical Index (MCI). The final number of cases pooled for the analysis was 5266 females.The MCI for BMD loss (osteopenia) presented values of sensitivity 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.78–0.84] and specificity 0.48 (95% CI, 0.45–0.50), while for osteoporosis sensitivity 0.35 (95% CI, 0.30–0.40) and specificity 0.88 (95% CI, 0.86–0.90). The mandibular cortical width presented values of sensitivity 0.58 (95% CI, 0.40–0.73), specificity 0.73 (95% CI, 0.60–0.83) for osteopenia, while for osteoporosis sensitivity 0.57 (95% CI, 0.36–0.76) and specificity 0.83 (95% CI, 0.68–0.92). Due to the high sensitivity, MCI presented a potential value as a screening tool for initial BMD loss (osteopenia), once tests presenting high sensitivity are described as rarely missing subjects with the disease. To the other hand, MCI to osteoporosis and Mandibular Cortical Width for both conditions are not recommended because presented specificity higher than sensitivity.

Conclusion:

The MCI can be recommended as a feasible tool to screen initial BMD loss (osteopenia) in females above 30 years old using panoramic radiography exams.
Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution Monitoring Developments in the Municipality of Thessaloniki – Preliminary Actions from Three European Funded Projects
Authors: Papastergios Georgios , Tzoumaka Paraskevi , Kelessis Apostolos
Published: October 2019

Air pollution has been one of the first environmental problems to be addressed by the EU and for this reason clean air is considered essential to good health. Information availability and understanding of the air quality issue is essential part of tackling it with efficiency. Having the latter in mind, the Municipality of Thessaloniki has considered relative environmental actions as an important priority and made significant efforts to include them in its short-term and long-term, already developed, strategies. Through these strategies the Municipality became partner in three important EU funded projects that are dealing with indoor and outdoor air pollution monitoring actions, namely CUTLER, AIRTHINGS, and LIFE SMART IN'AIR. The successful implementation of these projects will add to the knowledge of indoor and outdoor air quality in the City of Thessaloniki, whereas, at the same time, will improve the resilience of the city and the well being of its citizens.
Proteome turnover in the bloodstream and procyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei measured by quantitative proteomics
Authors: Tinti Michele , Güther Maria Lucia S. , Crozier Thomas W. M. , Lamond Angus I. , Ferguson Michael A. J.
Published: October 2019

Background: Cellular proteins vary significantly in both abundance and turnover rates. These parameters depend upon their rates of synthesis and degradation and it is useful to have access to data on protein turnover rates when, for example, designing genetic knock-down experiments or assessing the potential usefulness of covalent enzyme inhibitors. Little is known about the nature and regulation of protein turnover in Trypanosoma brucei, the etiological agent of human and animal African trypanosomiasis.

Methods: To establish baseline data on T. brucei proteome turnover, a Stable Isotope Labelling with Amino acids in Cell culture (SILAC)-based mass spectrometry analysis was performed to reveal the synthesis and degradation profiles for thousands of proteins in the bloodstream and procyclic forms of this parasite.

Results: This analysis revealed a slower average turnover rate of the procyclic form proteome relative to the bloodstream proteome. As expected, many of the proteins with the fastest turnover rates have functions in the cell cycle and in the regulation of cytokinesis in both bloodstream and procyclic forms. Moreover, the cellular localization of T. brucei proteins correlates with their turnover, with mitochondrial and glycosomal proteins exhibiting slower than average turnover rates.

Conclusions: The intention of this study is to provide the trypanosome research community with a resource for protein turnover data for any protein or group of proteins. To this end, bioinformatic analyses of these data are made available via an open-access web resource with data visualization functions.
New records of lichens and allied fungi from the Leningrad Region, Russia. X
Authors: Himelbrant Dmitry E. , Stepanchikova Irina S. , Motiejūnaitė Jurga , Kuznetsova Ekaterina S. , Tagirdzhanova Gulnara , Frolov Ivan V.
Published: October 2019

Ten lichen species and three lichenicolous fungi are reported for the first time for St. Petersburg, the whole Leningrad Region or its western part. The lichens Bacidina indigens and Lecidella asema are new for European Russia, the lichens Bryoria kuemmerleana, Caloplaca turkuensis, Scoliciosporum pruinosum, and the lichenicolous fungus Raesaenenia huuskonenii are new for North-Western European Russia.
The lichens of Moshchny Island (Lavansaari) – one of the remote islands in the Gulf of Finland
Authors: Stepanchikova Irina S. , Himelbrant Dmitry E. , Schiefelbein Ulf , Motiejūnaitė Jurga , Ahti Teuvo , Andreev Mikhail P.
Published: October 2019

We present a checklist for Moshchny Island (Leningrad Region, Russia). The documented lichen biota comprises 349 species, including 313 lichens, 30 lichenicolous fungi and 6 non-lichenized saprobic fungi. Endococcus exerrans and Lichenopeltella coppinsii are reported for the first time for Russia; Cercidospora stenotropae, Erythricium aurantiacum, Flavoplaca limonia, Lecidea haerjedalica, and Myriospora myochroa for European Russia; Flavoplaca oasis, Intralichen christiansenii, Nesolechia fusca, and Myriolecis zosterae for North-Western European Russia; and Arthrorhaphis aeruginosa, Calogaya pusilla, and Lecidea auriculata subsp. auriculata are new for Leningrad Region. The studied lichen biota is moderately rich and diverse, but a long history of human activity likely caused its transformation, especially the degradation of forest lichen biota. The most valuable habitats for lichens in Moshchny Island are seashore and dune communities which definitely deserve protection.
Preferências de atividade física em adultos brasileiros: resultados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde
Authors: Wendt Andrea , Carvalho Wellington Roberto Gomes de , Silva Inácio Crochemore Mohnsam , Mielke Grégore Iven
Published: October 2019

O objetivo do estudo foi verificar a distribuição dos diferentes tipos de práticas entre os praticantes de atividade física de uma amostra de adultos de acordo com características sociodemográficas. Estudo transversal utilizando dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) de 2013, com adultos de 18 anos ou mais, praticantes de atividade física (n = 17.350). As variáveis independentes foram sexo, faixa etária, escolaridade e regiões geográficas. As variáveis dependentes foram os tipos de atividade física mais praticadas na população. Para apresentar as frequências de prática de prática segundo região, escolaridade e idade as atividades as atividades foram divididas em três grupos: caminhada, exercício e esportes. Os dados foram analisados no STATA 12.1. Nos homens, as atividades mais comuns foram futebol (39,1%), caminhada (22,9%) e musculação (15,3%). Nas mulheres, foram a caminhada (48,9%), ginástica (19,2%) e musculação (14,2%). Nos homens, a prática de caminhada foi maior nos mais velhos, sem instrução e da região Centro Oeste (p < 0,001). Quanto a prática de exercícios, nos homens, este hábito foi mais comum entre os mais jovens, com maior escolaridade, e da região Sudeste (p < 0,001). Em relação aos esportes, a prática foi mais comum nos mais jovens, nos com maior escolaridade e da região Norte (p < 0,001), tanto nos homens quanto nas mulheres. A prática esportiva foi menos frequente nas mulheres. Os tipos de atividade têm grande influência da idade, escolaridade dos indivíduos e região do país. Estes aspectos devem ser levados em conta do planejamento de intervenções.
AS ALTERAÇÕES DA LEI Nº. 13.465/2017 NA USUCAPIÃO ESPECIAL URBANA COLETIVA: QUESTÕES MATERIAIS E PROCESSUAIS
Authors: Silvestre Gilberto Fachetti
Published: October 2019

Analisa os impactos da Lei nº. 13.465/2017 (Reurb) na usucapião especial urbana coletiva do Estatuto da Cidade. Para averiguar as mudanças, parte de uma visão panorâmica preliminar sobre o instituto para, posteriormente, analisar em detalhes as alterações específicas promovidas pela novel legislação. As pesquisas realizadas revelaram que os principais impactos estão nos requisitos subjetivos da usucapião coletiva e no procedimento de declaração da prescrição aquisitiva, uma vez que doravante é possível a usucapião pela via administrativa. O principal objetivo foi proceder a uma revisão bibliográfica que possa orientar na operabilidade do instituto após a Reurb. Para tanto, procedeu-se a uma análise documental basicamente dos diplomas legislativos, pois a literatura jurídica sobre a temática ainda é escassa. Dada a recente vigência da lei de 2017, ainda não se verifica julgados em tribunais de apelação e na instância superior e suprema que possam oferecer precedentes e elementos de convicção. A pesquisa desenvolve fundamentos jurídicos e argumentos que levam a concluir que a nova lei foi salutar e aperfeiçoou a operabilidade da usucapião coletiva, revigorando seu papel como elemento de regularização fundiária, atribuição de propriedade privada e concretização do direito fundamental de moradia.
INTERPRETANDO A FUNÇÃO SOCIAL DA PROPRIEDADE URBANA COM BASE NO PENSAMENTO DE HENRI LEFEBVRE
Authors: Ferro Rodrigo Rage
Published: October 2019

Interpretar um conceito jurídico como “a função social da propriedade urbana” com base no pensamento lefebvriano é uma tarefa complexa. O Direito como uma ciência parcelar possui grandes limitações quando se compara com o nível de abrangência de uma teoria da produção social do espaço de Henri Lefebvre. Ademais, a lógica formal presente na Academia dificulta raciocinar sob uma perspectiva dialética estruturada por Lefebvre para analisar criticamente o espaço urbano e a multiplicidade de contradições da realidade. Isso se torna ainda mais desafiante quando mormente há a existência de uma pluralidade semântica na literatura do termo lefebvriano “direito à cidade”. Tentou-se nesse artigo pormenorizar se o princípio da função social da propriedade urbana, mediada pela estruturação normativa constitucional, no nível pragmático, poderia assegurar a efetividade, ou mesmo, a concretização ao “direito à cidade”. Para tanto, fez-se uma análise da dimensão jurídica desse princípio e tentou-se modestamente realizar uma interpretação desse conceito com base no pensamento de Henri Lefebvre.
CONTEÚDO JURÍDICO DO VALOR SOCIAL DO TRABALHO: PRESSUPOSTOS NORMATIVO-CONSTITUCIONAIS DA COMPLEMENTARIDADE ENTRE O DIREITO DO TRABALHO E O DIREITO AO TRABALHO
Authors: Araújo Jailton Macena de
Published: October 2019

A Constituição Federal de 1988 desempenha importante papel na estruturação da questão social, funcionando como frente de resistência à crise democrática que se atravessa atualmente. Muitos dos direitos e valores nela assegurados ainda carecem de efetividade, especialmente os direitos sociais são ainda alvo de ataques que tem levado a uma profunda precarização principalmente das relações laborais. É, nesse sentido, que se pretende analisar o papel e as acepções do valor social do trabalho, valor fundante da república e condição máxima para a promoção da inserção humana, como verdadeira frente de resistência aos retrocessos sociais. Assim, impõe-se o seguinte problema: é possível reconhecer o valor social do trabalho como elemento fundante da centralidade normativa do trabalho no pacto desenvolvimentista fundado com a Constituição de 1988? Defende-se, a partir da abordagem sistêmica, que é através do trabalho que se percebem os benefícios da participação nos resultados do desenvolvimento, especialmente quando postas em prática de maneira eficaz as diretrizes do direito do trabalho e do direito ao trabalho, como faces complementares para a promoção da cidadania, pautada no desenvolvimento e na realização da dignidade da pessoa humana e que garante os meios e pressupostos para objetar os contrafluxos neoliberais.
Turismo e transporte
Authors: Sichel Ricardo Luiz
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo aborda, a partir de uma pesquisa na imprensa e na doutrina, a importância da indústria do turismo, como fator de desenvolvimento, de inclusão social, onde a logística do transporte ocupa papel relevante. Nesse sentido decorre a importância do transporte ferroviário de passageiros, em especial quando observado o grau de precariedade do transporte rodoviário.  O mesmo cita o processo de privatização ocorrido na Polônia e de que forma esse modal poderia dotar a sociedade de um meio de transporte seguro e eficiente.
Recognising and understanding cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome in adults
Authors: Williams René , Hawkins Philip , Lane Thirusha
Published: October 2019

Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is a group of rare hereditary autoinflammatory diseases characterised by recurrent flares of mild to severe systemic inflammation and fever. CAPS is the umbrella term for a spectrum of individual conditions, namely familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome (FCAS), Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS) and neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID), also known as chronic infantile neurologic, cutaneous and articular (CINCA) syndrome. The flare symptoms include fever, fatigue, rashes, headaches, arthralgia and myalgia that can last for a few hours or for several days. These symptoms are debilitating, contributing to poor quality of life for patients if left untreated. Serious life-changing complications such as hearing loss, blindness and AA amyloidosis resulting in kidney failure can occur. Until recently, treatment of the disease was symptomatic using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant drugs with limited success. In contrast, biological treatments targeting interleukin 1 (IL-1) have proved remarkably effective, often associated with complete and sustained disease remission, vastly improved quality of life and avoidance of serious long-term complications.
Integrated System for easier and effective Drug Information
Authors: Shankar Susmitha , Thangam S.
Published: October 2019

With the advent of new technologies, a large amount of biological data is easily generated in comparatively cheaper cost. Prior to this data integration was done by simple means of database addition, with less complexity due to lesser data generated in a standardized format. Understanding a complete biological phenomenon, such as disease, need a comprehensive understanding of many dimensions associated with it. This information cannot be captured in a single data type format. Mandating the use of a single data type study would leave us with incomplete answers to various biological questions. Thus the development of an effective integration technique with effective visualization platform is the need of the hour. One such framework requires the identification of relevant data from the input system, storing and transforming data into the intermediary level and then mapping these data into an appropriate position in the output systems. This intermediate level helps in reducing the number of connection and repeated specification creation. Integration of drug dataset would not only reduce the propagation of incorrect and not-updated medicinal information among doctors, but it would also help build better treatment strategies. Integration of drug data and visualization technique would be a novel approach to study drugs and effect on one platform. In this work, we tried to integrate the Adverse Effects, Drug Enforcement and Drug Label data from openFDA. This integrated database is coupled with a visualization platform IDEALS, an abbreviation for Integrated Drug Events, Adverse Effect and Label System.
Effect of bromhexine on the pharmacokinetic of tilmicosin in broiler chickens
Authors: S. Shaban Nema , M. Radi Abeer , H. Bogzil Alsadek , A. El-Banna H. , Ahmed Mobarez Elham , El-Gendy A. A. M.
Published: October 2019

Concurrent administration of drugs may alter their pharmacokinetic parameters, so; investigation to what extent bromhexine hydrochloride affects the pharmacokinetic behavior of tilmicosin was our aim of this work. Ten broiler chickens were classified into two groups as follow, the first one (tilmicosin group) was given single oral dose of tilmicosin (20 mg/kg.b.wt.) while the 2nd (pre-treated group) was given single oral dose of bromhexine hydrochloride (1 mg/kg.b.wt.) followed by single oral dose of tilmicosin (20 mg/kg.b.wt.) one hour later. The serum concentration of tilmicosin was measured using High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. The results revealed that the mean serum concentrations of tilmicosin were significantly lower in pre-treated group when compared with tilmicosin alone group at the corresponding time intervals. Pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly differed (p<0.001) between both groups. The maximum serum concentration were (Cmax0.70±0.02, 0.81±0.04µg/ml), achieved at Tmax of (tmax 0.89±0.16, and 2.10±0.06h), absorption half-life (t0.5ab) of 0.16±0.08, and 0.37±0.01 hour, area under curve (AUC) of 12.96±0.42 and 16.73±0.42µg.h/ml) in tilmicosin-bromhexine and tilmicosin alone groups respectively. In conclusion, based on the obtained pharmacokinetic parameters, these findings showed that bromhexine accelerates the tilmicosin penetration into body tissues, achieving higher and faster concentrations than when given tilmicosin alone.
Current trends in Nanotechnology applications in surgical specialties and orthopedic surgery
Authors: Mariappan N.
Published: October 2019

Nanotechnology is manipulation of matter on atomic, molecular and supramolecular scale. It has extensive range of applications in various branches of science including molecular biology, Health and medicine, materials, electronics, transportation, drugs and drug delivery, chemical sensing, space exploration, energy, environment, sensors, diagnostics, microfabrication, organic chemistry and biomaterials. Nanotechnology involves innovations in drug delivery,fabric design, reactivity and strength of material and molecular manufacturing. Nanotechnology applications are spread over almost all surgical specialties and have revolutionized treatment of various medical and surgical conditions. Clinically relevant applications of nanotechnology in surgical specialties include development of surgical instruments, suture materials, imaging, targeted drug therapy, visualization methods and wound healing techniques. Management of burn wounds and scar is an important application of nanotechnology.Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various orthopedic conditions are crucial aspects of technology for functional recovery of patients. Improvement in standard of patient care,clinical trials, research, and development of medical equipments for safe use are improved with nanotechnology. They have a potential for long-term good results in a variety of surgical specialties including orthopedic surgery in the years to come.
CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS TO CHRONIC ADMINISTRATION OF ROSA DAMASCENA PETALS IN ISOPROTERENOL INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: BIOCHEMICAL, HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES
Authors: Nishat Fathima Syeda , Murthy S. Vasudeva
Published: October 2019

The present study is designed to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of Rosa damascena petals called rose on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in experimental rats. The experimental rats were divided into 4 groups, each consisting of 6 animals. Group 1 rats received standard diet and drinking water ad libitum for 45 days and will serve as a control group. Group 2 received a standard diet and drinking water ad libitum for 45 days. Group 3 Rats received metoprolol succinate via oral route at a daily dosage of 2.5 mg/Kg body weight for a period of 45 days. Group 4 Rats received Rosa damascena extract via oral route at a daily dosage of 500 mg/Kg body weight for a period of 45 days. All the groups except group 1 were then treated with isoproterenol in two doses (85 mg/kg body weight) by subcutaneous injection on 44 and 45th day at an inter­val of 24 hrs. At the end of the treatment, blood was collected from all the groups by puncturing the retro-orbital plexus for the estimation of biochemical parameters and the animals were sacrificed to remove the heart for histopathological studies. Serum cardiac marker enzymes such as creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase muscle-brain (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total protein were estimated. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels were also measured Antioxidant parameters like catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were evaluated in heart tissue homogenate. Histopathological and ultrastructural studies were then carried out. The results of the present study indicated that ethanolic extract of Rosa damascena showed myocardial retrieval by restoring the cardiac marker enzymes and decreasing the level of plasma lipid profiles along with an increase in HDL. Additionally, level of myocardial antioxidants increased along with a lessening in the content of malondialdehyde. The cardioprotective effect was compared with Metoprolol which was used as the standard. Histopathological findings revealed a decrease in the degree of necrosis and inflammation following pretreatment with Rosa damascena. The present investigation indicates that Rosa damascena exerts cardioprotective activity against isoproterenol-induced cardiac damage in rats.
Estimasi Stok Karbon pada Biomassa Lamun di Pulau Semak Daun, Kepulauan Seribu
Authors: Gunawan Jessica Viny , Parengkuan Maxi , Wahyudi A'an Johan , Zulpikar Firman
Published: October 2019

Carbon Stock Estimation in Seagrass Biomass on Semak Daun Island, Thousand Islands. Seagrass ecosystem has a vital role in protecting the coastal ecosystem. It can also sequester and store carbon as an organic material (blue carbon) for a long time. However, anthropogenic activities in coastal areas give environmental stress on the seagrass ecosystem. This research was conducted to assess the carbon stock of seagrass biomass in Semak Daun Island in order to evaluate the potential of the seagrass meadows in sequestering carbon. Sampling and observation were held in the seagrass ecosystem to obtain seagrass density, biomass, frequency of occurrence, water quality, and anthropogenic activity. Carbon stock was calculated by the loss of ignition (LOI) method, and combined with density to determine the total carbon stock in the whole area of seagrass meadows. Seagrass species in Semak Daun Island consist of Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, Syringodium isoetifolium, and Halodule uninervis. The coverage area of seagrass in Semak Daun Island was 9.1 ha with carbon stock value of 1.84 ton C or equivalent to 6.76 ton CO2. Fifty two percent of the carbon stock was originated from the below-ground biomass and 48% from the above-ground biomass.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of long-term prevention of iodine deficiency by biological monitoring
Authors: Dreval A. V. , Nechaev O. A. , Kamynin T. S. , Gerasimov G. A. , Sviridenko N. Yu. , Mayorova N. M. , Chikh I. D. , Tishenina R. S. , Anashkina G. A.
Published: October 2019

Regular (for 5 years) addition of salt iodinated with potassium iodinate to diets of children living in a region with moderate iodine deficiency normalized iodine content in the organism, decreased the incidence of goiter from 22.6 to 7.3% (according to ultrasonic data), and prevented an increase in the incidence of goiter during the prepubertal period. Evaluation of the size of goiter in screening examinations by palpation using О. V. Nikolaev’s classification leads to hyperdiagnosis (67%>), while palpation in combination with WHO classification results in hypodiagnosis of goiter (47%). Palpation of the thyroid with WHO classification is recommended as the main screening method; such a combination of methods results in a lower incidence of erroneous diagnoses (22%) than with Nikolaev's classification (56%). The level of serum TTH did not depend on iodine prophylaxis and was normal.
Asymptomatic thyroiditis; a few typical cases and the prevalence of this disease
Authors: Tsuboi Kumiko , Matoba Hannah
Published: October 2019

Although asymptomatic thyroiditis (АГ) is well known by the present time, the prevalence of this disease is still disputed. We evaluated the incidence of A T at Thyroidology Department of Omori Hospital. Asymptomatic thyroiditis was detected in 61 out of 1113 patients (5.5%) during the period of July 1993 to June 1996. On admission, high levels of free thyroxin in the blood (hyperthyroxinemia) were detected in 306 patients. Asymptomatic thyroiditis was the cause of this condition in 38 (12.4%) patients. By the moment of examination of patients with A T, thyrotoxicosis was revealed in 38 patients, euthyroid status in 17, and hypothyrosis in 6 patients. Patients with euor hypothyrosis had complaints and presented with clinical signs of thyrotoxicosis 1-2 months before examination. Antibodies to thyroperoxidase and/or thyroglobulin were detected in 51 out of 61 (84%) patients with A T. Sometimes A T is regarded as diffuse toxic goiter (DTG), but a patient with this condition can develop A T. We should always remember about the possibility of AT but not DTG even in cases with pronounced thyrotoxicosis or with a history of DTG. Regular check-ups of thyroid function will help diagnose the condition without resorting to 1221. If a patient has symptoms of thyrotoxicosis, e. g. palpitation, thyroid function should be examined.

Неге аге 4 typical cases with AT to illustrate this. Patient No. 1 is a classical case of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Previously she developed an euthyroid status, and later thyroid destruction and dysfunction (transitory thyrotoxicosis followed by hypothyrosis) developed spontaneously without pregnancies or deliveries. Patient No. 2 had transitory thyrotoxicosis which was not followed by hypothyrosis, but with a transitory slight increase in TTH. She might have had AT3years before. Patient No. 3 aged 63years complained of angina pectoris and arrhythmia; later she was prescribed substitute therapy with L thyroxin for pronounced hypothyrosis (TTH 90.9 microunits/ml). In patient No. 4 DTG was erroneously diagnosed and she was prescribed therapy for this condition. Thyroid dysfunction was transitory in all patients, and the function recovered later.
Leptin content in men with androgen deficiency and obesity
Authors: Goncharov N. P. , Koryakin M. V. , Katsiya G. V. , Kolesnikova G. S. , Dobracheva A. D. , Todua T. N.
Published: October 2019

The level of leptin production was measured in relation to the concentrations of adrenal androgens, testosterone, and gonadotropins in patients with various disorders of the male reproductive system and obesity. LH, FSH, prolactin, testosterone, estradiol, hydrocortisone, dihydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA sulfate were radioimmunoassayed and leptin was measured by enzyme immunoassay. Body weight index (ВИД) in 66 examined patients varied from 20 to 40 kg/m2 and leptin content from 0.8 to 106 ng/ml. In general, the level of leptin directly correlated with the levels of BWI, LH, FSH, and DHEA sulfate and inversely with testosterone level. The highest levels of leptin were observed in patients with obesity combined with androgenic insufficiency, while in patients with obesity or androgenic insufficiency alone leptin levels were lower. No significant differences in leptin concentrations in relation to gonadotropin levels were detected. Normal fluctuations in the levels of adrenal androgens did not affect leptin production. These data indicate a possible involvement of testosterone in regulation of leptin production.