bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Grandmontine “Good Man (Vir Bonus)”—Clerc or Conversus?: Ideals and Identity among the Successors of Stephen of Muret (†1124)
Authors: Millan-Cole Joseph
Published: February 2020

The Grandmontine communities of the twelfth century developed a unique social vision of community organization based on the received spiritual teachings of the Auvergne hermit, Stephen of Muret. Central to their order was the subordination of clerics to lay brother governors. From this position, the Grandmontine clerics recorded their ideal of the “Good Man,” and this vision of virtue became significant in later internal contests and conflicts over community leadership. This article examines the evolution and ruin of Grandmontine confraternity, with reference to other marginalized religious groups of the twelfth century with whom their struggles can be compared.
“The Precious Plenty”: Julian of Norwich’s Visions in Blood
Authors: Star Sarah
Published: February 2020

Julian’s detailed descriptions of Christ’s bleeding body, this article demonstrates, relies on physiological language that she shares with medical discourse. Reading A Revelation of Love alongside medieval medical treatises, such as Bartholomaeus Anglicus’s De proprietatibus rerum or Henry Daniel’s Liber Uricrisiarum, can help us better understand Julian’s theology. She combines theology and medicine to construct a unique picture of a Jesus who, as a man, shares a physiological makeup with all humans and who, as a Savior, connects humans to the divine.
Pauline Biography and the Letter to Titus: A Response to Jens Herzer
Authors: Dulk Matthijs den
Published: February 2020

This response critically analyzes Jens Herzer’s interpretation of the Pastorals’ “personal notes” (i.e., the references to personal circumstances, coworkers, and travel plans), which play a significant role in his essay in the present journal as well as in a number of his other recent publications. The response focuses on Herzer’s proposal that the references to travel plans and place names in the letter to Titus indicate that this missive was composed during Paul’s final journey to Rome (cf. Acts 27–28). I argue that a number of key exegetical decisions on which this hypothesis is based are debatable and that there are other, at least equally plausible, ways to explain the place names and travel plans mentioned in Titus. One possibility, which to the best of my knowledge has not been previously considered, is that the references to Crete (Titus 1:5) and Nicopolis (Titus 3:12) serve to address two “gaps” in the story of early Pauline Christianity: (1) the curious absence of any reference to Titus outside Galatians and 2 Corinthians, and (2) the lack of information about Paul’s mission in Illyricum, which is mentioned only in passing in Rom 15:19.
The Meaning of ἐπιϕάνεια in the Pastoral Epistles
Authors: Houwelingen Rob van
Published: February 2020

The Greek feminine noun ἐπιϕάνεια, “appearance, manifestation,” occurs five times in the Pastoral Epistles, but nowhere else in the New Testament—except in 2 Thess 2:8. The use of ἐπιϕάνεια instead of the more eschatological term παρουσία, “presence, arrival,” is usually considered to be a feature of the Pastoral Epistles as a corpus. In case of individual compositions, this common theme could be elaborated in different but complementary ways. This article aims to investigate the meaning of ἐπιϕάνεια in the three Pastoral Epistles separately by a close reading of all the pertinent passages. It will be argued that ἐπιϕάνεια in 2 Timothy always concerns the earthly appearing of Christ (not only in 2 Tim 1:10 but also, contrary to the opinion of most commentators, in 4:1 and 4:8 as well), whereas in 1 Timothy and Titus the word refers to his future appearing (in 1 Tim 6:14 and Titus 2:13). The difference between 1 Timothy and Titus on the one hand and 2 Timothy on the other can be explained by the testamentary character of 2 Timothy. The apostle Paul, finding himself in captivity, must take into account the possibility of an early death, which would prevent him from experiencing the parousia. So, when contemplating the ἐπιϕάνεια of Christ, he rather highlights the importance of the incarnation in the proclamation of the Son of God.
The Pastoral Epistles: Common Themes, Individual Compositions. Concluding Reflections
Authors: Porter Stanley E.
Published: February 2020

This article responds to the five major presenters at the ETF Pastoral Epistles Symposium along several lines. I begin by introducing the importance of discussion of the Pastoral Epistles within the context of Continental European scholarship. The article is then divided into three substantive sections. The first identifies various common themes found within the five articles. These are related especially to matters of authorship as they pertain to accounting for variation among the letters. This variation is usually correlated with authorship, but more recent discussion regarding genre/register is also considered. A second section offers a brief summary and critique of each of the five articles, attempting to put each contribution within the context of the wider discussion. A third section offers summative observations.
Geology, Structure, and Radiometric Age Determination of the Murowa Kimberlites, Zimbabwe
Authors: Moss S. , Marten B. E. , Felgate M. , Smith C. B. , Chimuka L. , Matchan E. L. , Phillips D.
Published: February 2020

The Murowa kimberlite field includes three diamondiferous kimberlite pipes (K1, K2, and K3) and multiple kimberlite dikes that have been emplaced into the Archean Chibi granite batholith north of the Limpopo belt in south-central Zimbabwe. Here we summarize the key aspects of the geology of the Murowa kimberlites from previous studies and integrate these findings with new structural data to interpret a structural model governing the locations, relative positions, and orientations of emplaced kimberlite. Key observations of drill core, thin section petrography, geochemistry, and mapping of exposed rocks at the Murowa diamond mine are summarized from previous work, and these data collectively form the basis for emplacement interpretations and threedimensional (3-D) geologic models of each body. Structural observations are used to interpret the presence of a km-scale tensile bridge hosting the Murowa kimberlites and suggest Murowa is an example of kimberlite emplacement into multiple, reactivated, preexisting near-surface structures at different orientations. We propose that the physical state of the ascending magma (% of gas, extent of phase separation) can dictate whether kimberlite is emplaced along preexisting structures or creates and intrudes new fracture networks in planes of weak horizontal stress. A reproducible age of ~526 Ma is determined for two coherent kimberlite dikes at K1, while an older Rb-Sr model age of ~543 Ma is calculated for a single dike from K2, though this result is of limited reliability due to potential disturbance of the Rb-Sr system due to phlogopite alteration. These results highlight potential problems with reported ages from kimberlite pipes.
Short Humeral Stems in Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Oh Hwang Kyun , Lim Tae Kang
Published: February 2020

Since the introduction of shoulder arthroplasty by Neer in 1974, the design of not only the glenoid component but also the humeral component used in shoulder arthroplasty has continually evolved. Changes to the design of the humeral component include a gradually disappearing proximal fin; diversified surface finishes (such as smooth, grit-blasted, and porous coating); a more contoured stem from the originally straight and cylindrical shape; and the use of press-fit uncemented fixation as opposed to cemented fixation. Despite the evolution of the humeral component for shoulder arthroplasty, however, stem-related complications are not uncommon. Examples of stem-related complications include intraoperative humeral fractures, stem loosening, periprosthetic fractures, and stress shielding. These become much more common in revision arthroplasty, where patients are associated with further complications such as surgical difficulty in extracting the humeral component, proximal metaphyseal bone loss due to stress shielding, intraoperative humeral shaft fractures, and incomplete cement removal. Physicians have made many attempts to reduce these complications by shortening the stem of the humeral component. In this review, we will discuss some of the limitations of long-stem humeral components, the feasibility of replacing them with short-stem humeral components, and the clinical outcomes associated with short-stemmed humeral components in shoulder arthroplasty.
Clinical and Radiological Results of Hook Plate Fixation in Acute Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocations and Distal Clavicle Fractures
Authors: Oh Joo Han , Min Seunggi , Jung Jae Wook , Kim Hee June , Kim Jae Yoon , Chung Seok Won , Kim Joon Yub , Yoon Jong Pil
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of hook plate fixation in acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations and distal clavicle fractures.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a series of 60 consecutive patients with hook plate fixation for AC joint dislocation (group I) and distal clavicle fracture (group II). Groups I and II had 39 and 21 patients, respectively. Clinical results were evaluated using the pain visual analogue scale (VAS), simple shoulder test, and Constant-Murley scores. In addition, subacromial erosion and stiffness were evaluated as complications.RESULTS: At the removal, the pain VAS was 2.69 ± 1.30 and 4.10 ± 2.14 in groups I and II, respectively, which were significantly different (p=0.003). The simple shoulder test score was 9.59 ± 1.60 and 7.81 ± 2.67 in groups I and II, respectively, which were also significantly different (p=0.002). Subacromial erosion was significantly more frequent in group II (14/21 patients, 66.7%) than in group I (15/39 patients, 38.5%) (p=0.037), and stiffness was also higher in group II (17/21 patients, 81.0%) than in group I (22/39 patients, 56.4%), but it was not significant.CONCLUSIONS: Hook plate fixation showed good clinical and functional results for the treatment of acute unstable AC joint dislocation and distal clavicle fracture. But, in distal clavicle fractures, there are more subacromial erosion and stiffness compare with acute unstable AC joint dislocation.
Clinical and Radiological Outcomes of Modified Phemister Operation with Coracoclavicular Ligament Augmentation Using Suture Anchor for Acute Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation
Authors: Cho Nam Su , Bae Sung Ju , Lee Joong Won , Seo Jeung Hwan , Rhee Yong Girl
Published: February 2020

Background: Modified Phemister operation has been widely used for the treatment of acute acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocation. Additionally, the use of suture anchor for coracoclavicular (CC) fixation has been reported to provide CC stability. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical and radiological results of a modified Phemister operation with CC ligament augmentation using suture anchor for acute AC joint dislocation.Methods: Seventy-four patients underwent the modified Phemister operation with CC ligament augmentation using suture anchor for acute AC joint dislocation and were followed-up for an average of 12.3 months. The visual analogue scale (VAS), range of motion, Constant score, and Korean shoulder scoring system (KSS) were used for clinical assessment. Acromioclavicular interval (ACI), coracoclavicular distance (CCD), and acromioclavicular distance (ACD) were obtained to evaluate the radiological assessments.Results: At the last follow-up, the mean VAS Score was 1.7 points, the mean joint range of the forward flexion was 164.6°, external rotation at the side was 61.2°, and internal rotation to the posterior was a level of T12. The mean Constant score and the mean KSS was 82.7 points and 84.2 points, respectively. At the mean ACI, CCD, and ACD, significant differences were found preoperatively and at the last follow-up. When the ACI, CCD, and ACD were compared with the contralateral unaffected shoulder at the last follow-up, the affected shoulders had significantly higher values.Conclusions: The modified Phemister operation with CC ligament augmentation using suture anchor is clinically and radiologically effective at acute AC joint dislocation.
Relationship of the Shape of Subacromial Spur and Rotator Cuff Partial Thickness Tear
Authors: Kim Young-Kyu , Jung Kyu-Hak , Kang Suk-Woong , Hong Jin-Hun , Choi Ki-Yong , Choi Ji-Uk
Published: February 2020

Background: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between location of the rotator cuff tear and shape of the subacromial spur.Methods: Totally, 80 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic repair for partial thickness rotator cuff tear were enrolled for the study. Bigliani’s type of the acromion, type of subacromial spur, and location of partial thickness tear of the rotator cuff were evaluated using plain X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging. We then compared the groups of no spur with spur, and heel with traction spur.Results: Of the 80 cases, 25 cases comprised the no spur group, and 55 cases comprised the spur group. There was a significant difference in type of tear (p=0.0004) between these two groups. Bursal side tears were significantly greater (odds ratio=6.000, p=0.0007) in the spur group. Subjects belonging to the spur group were further divided into heel (38 cases) and traction spur (17 cases). Comparing these two groups revealed significant differences only in the type of tear (p=0.0001). Furthermore, the heel spur had significantly greater bursal side tear (odds ratio=29.521, p=0.0005) as compared to traction spur.Conclusions: The heel spur is more associated to bursal side tear than the traction spur, whereas the traction spur associates greater to the articular side tear.
Proximal Approach of Ultrasound-guided Suprascapular Nerve Block: Comparison with Subacromial Steroid Injection
Authors: Bae Kyu Hwan , Kim Han Hoon , Lim Tae Kang
Published: February 2020

Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate early clinical outcomes of ultrasound-guided suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) using a proximal approach, as compared with subacromial steroid injection (SA).Methods: This retrospective study included a consecutive series of 40 patients of SSNB and 20 patients receiving SA, from August 2017 to August 2018. The visual analogue scale (VAS), American Shoulder Elbow Surgeon’s score (ASES), University of California, Los Angeles score (UCLA), the 36 health survey questionnaire mental component summary (SF36-MCS), physical component summary (PCS), and range of motion (forward elevation, external rotation, and internal rotation) were assessed for clinical evaluations.Results: Compared with the baseline, VAS, and ranges of motion in the SSNB group significantly improved at the 4-week follow-up (VAS scores improved from 6.7 ± 1.6 to 4.3 ± 2.4, p<0.001; all ranges of motion p<0.05), while other variables showed no statistically significant differences. All clinical variables were significantly improved in the SA group (p<0.05). However, all clinical scores at the 4-week follow-up showed no significant difference between groups.Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided SSNB using proximal approach provides significant pain relief at 4-weeks after treatment, with statistically significant difference when compared with SA, suggesting that SSNB using proximal approach is a potentially useful option in managing shoulder pain. However, in the current study, it was less effective in improving shoulder function and health-related quality of life, compared with SA.
Current Trends for Treating Lateral Epicondylitis
Authors: Kim Gyeong Min , Yoo Seung Jin , Choi Sungwook , Park Yong-Geun
Published: February 2020

Lateral epicondylitis, also known as ‘tennis elbow’, is a degenerative rather than inflammatory tendinopathy, causing chronic recalcitrant pain in elbow joints. Although most patients with lateral epicondylitis resolve spontaneously or with standard conservative management, few refractory lateral epicondylitis are candidates for alternative non-operative and operative modalities. Other than standard conservative treatments including rest, analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, orthosis and physical therapies, nonoperative treatments encompass interventional therapies include different types of injections, such as corticosteroid, lidocaine, autologous blood, platelet-rich plasma, and botulinum toxin, which are available for both short-term and long-term outcomes in pain resolution and functional improvement. In addition, newly emerging biologic enhancement products such as bone marrow aspirate concentrate and autologous tenocyte injectates are also under clinical use and investigations. Despite all non-operative therapeutic trials, persistent debilitating pain in patients with lateral epicondylitis for more than 6 months are candidates for surgical treatment, which include open, percutaneous, and arthroscopic approaches. This review addresses the current updates on emerging non-operative injection therapies as well as arthroscopic intervention in lateral epicondylitis.
Pesquisas na área do ensino da história e o software IBM SPSS Statistics: limites e possibilidades no diagnóstico do conhecimento histórico escolar em grande escala
Authors: Barom Wilian Carlos Cipriani
Published: February 2020

O presente artigo busca refletir sobre a utilização recente do software SPSS STATISTICS por pesquisas da área do Ensino da História. A partir de uma análise comparativa de 17 trabalhos acadêmicos (2007-2018), descreve brevemente as formas de utilização do software, as teorias e os conceitos de fundamento, e se propõe a indicar outras quatro possibilidades de manuseio do software na combinação da linguagem estatística e a área do Ensino da História: a necessidade da consideração argumentativa dos índices de desvio padrão das médias, a criação de um arquétipo instrumental para o início das análises, a consideração dos inúmeros dados de frequência que o software oferece e a criação de tabelas cruzadas.
Tinha uma pedra: interlocuções entre o ensino de história e a história pública na implementação da lei 11.645-08
Authors: Pires Maria de Fátima Barbosa
Published: February 2020

Este trabalho pretende discutir os novos horizontes, os desafios e possibilidades para o historiador, em áreas de fronteiras, em uma perspectiva exploratória do campo da História Pública. O Ensino de História pode ser compreendido em diálogo com este campo, na medida em que contribui para divulgação dos saberes históricos.  Pretende também demonstrar algumas potencialidades da História Pública na implementação da lei 11.645-08, por meio da realização de aulas no formato de oficinas, com estudantes de oitavo e nono ano do ensino funadamental na Escola Municipal Altivo César, situada no bairro do Barreto em Niterói (RJ). Estas oficinas foram propostas a partir das contribuições teóricas e conceituais da teoria intercultural, considerando-se  as especificiades da produção do conhecimento histórico escolar, com vistas a problematização da questão cultural brasileira e seus tensionamentos a partir dos processos colonizatórios. No ano em que se iniciou a pesquisa, a escola de samba Unidos da Viradouro, bradou pela identidade local de Niterói, (que em tupi guarani significa “águas escondidas”) possibilitando aproximações entre os estudantes e as narrativas invisibilizadas em sua própria cidade em versos carnavalescos na Sapucaí. A Pedra de Itapuca constitui-se como uma dessas narrativas e será explorada neste artigo como demonstrativa das relações estabelecidas entre o Ensino de História e a História Pública, esta capaz de nos auxiliar na problemática que corresponde a outra pedra no meio do caminho: a sala de aula não é mais hegemônica no acesso aos conhecimentos. A metodologia adotada foi a de uma abordagem qualitativa, na pesquisa-ação, com a intenção de descrever e analisar os caminhos possíveis para implementação desta lei.
Um campo de possibilidades: práticas de Ensino de História no Cemitério São João Batista de Guarabira- PB
Authors: Hipólito Paulo
Published: February 2020

O objetivo da pesquisa foi demostrar como o cemitério – em particular o São João Batista de Guarabira-Pb – pode ser utilizado como instrumento para a prática de ensino de história, na elucidação de conceitos históricos, como forma de inovar o ensino de história na sala de aula, assim como alternativa de cativar o interesse dos alunos para o conhecimento histórico. O presente artigo é resultado de uma sequência didática realizada em 2015, envolvendo alunos de 8º e 9º ano, do Centro Educacional Dom Helder Câmara, escola ligada à rede municipal de ensino de Guarabira-Pb. A sequência se dividiu em dois momentos: aulas teóricas, em sala, e aula de campo, no cemitério. De acordo com a análise dos relatos dos alunos, podemos dizer que a sequência didática gerou resultados positivos, tais como: os alunos souberam identificar e compreender os conceitos abordados nas aulas; houve a quebra do preconceito e do medo quanto ao espaço cemiterial; os estudantes passaram a enxergar o cemitério como fonte histórica; a aula de campo ajudou na compreensão da noção de temporalidade. Desse modo, entendemos que o cemitério pode ser uma rica fonte de pesquisa, possibilitando práticas de ensino de história inovadoras e como forma de facilitar a compreensão de conceitos históricos, tais como memória, história, tempo, patrimônio e identidade, assim como suas imbricações na vida prática.
Adoption of Certified Seed and Its Effect on Technical Efficiency: Insights From Northern Kazakhstan
Authors: Baglan Muratbek , Zhou Xue , Mwalupaso Gershom Endelani , Xianhui Geng
Published: February 2020

Despite the economic and food security importance of the Kazakh wheat sector, current statistics suggest a yield gap between actual and potential yields. In view of this, farmers, stakeholders and the government are looking for agricultural technologies to increase the output. To this end, adoption of certified seeds is being promoted. The reasoning is that certified seed is produced from seed of known genetic origin and genetic purity, in a controlled and tested manner, processed and declared in accordance with the Law on Seeds and thus, could aid in producing maximum obtainable output. Unfortunately, little is known on whether this could affect wheat production and technical efficiency more than the conventional seed as such a subject has never benefitted from empirical analysis. To begin to fill this research gap, data from smallholder farms in Kazakhstan is used to evaluate the impact of adoption on technical efficiency by applying the stochastic production frontier. Results indicate that adoption of certified seed has productivity effects. Precisely, adopters are 20% more efficient than their counterparts. To a large extent, this is attributable to the quality of seeds used. Therefore, our study demonstrates the importance of certified seed adoption and accentuates the role governments can play in ensuring seed quality for enhanced technical efficiency.
Waste Nutrient Solution as an Alternative Fertilizer in Curled Mallow Cultivation
Authors: Lee Chungkeun , Kim Dong Sub , Kwack Yurina , Chun Changhoo
Published: February 2020

To determine the feasibility of reusing waste nutrient solution as an alternative fertilizer for vegetable production, we investigated the growth and shoot nutrient content of curled mallows (Malva verticillata L.) irrigated with tap water (pH 7.8, EC: 0.5 dS·m-1), nutrient solution (pH 5.7, EC: 2.7 dS·m-1) and waste nutrient solution (pH 5.0, EC: 2.2 dS·m-1 in average) collected from plant factories. Three waste nutrient solutions were applied in sequential order to a waste nutrient solution treatment and mineral compositions of irrigation solutions were analyzed. We measured the total number of leaves, fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and total phenolic content of curled mallow shoots and analyzed shoot and soil nutrient content using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Curled mallows were harvested twice during the cultivation. Curled mallows irrigated with waste nutrient solutions had a similar fresh weight (yield), total phenolic content and number of leaves compared to those grown with fresh nutrient solution, and had higher fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and percentage dry weight compared to those grown with tap water upon first and second harvest. The dry weight of curled mallows grown in waste nutrient solution was lower than that of plants grown in nutrient solution on first harvest, but there was no significant difference between the waste nutrient solution and nutrient solution groups on second harvest. Curled mallows irrigated with nutrient solution and waste nutrient solution showed similar mineral content. These results suggest that waste nutrient solution in curled mallow cultivation could be reused and provide more efficient and sustainable nutritional solutions that improve the productive yields of crops in the agriculture sector.
A Gestão da Inovação Tecnológica em uma Empresa Brasileira do Setor de Serviços de Telecomunicações
Authors: Silveira Franciane Freitas
Published: February 2020

Entre as décadas de 1980 e 90 o cenário do setor de telecomunicações foi marcado por um conjunto de transformações estruturais e tecnológicas que propiciou, nos anos subsequentes, uma ampla corrida pela diversificação dos serviços ofertados. A partir desse novo contexto, com o intuito de manter sua competitividade, a empresa objeto desse estudo identificou a necessidade de profissionalização do seu sistema de gestão da inovação tecnológica. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho buscou investigar o processo de inovação de uma empresa brasileira do setor de serviços de telecomunicações e, para tal, analisou o processo de inovação tecnológica, bem como a sua execução na prática, utilizando como exemplo, o processo de desenvolvimento de um serviço. A partir da análise dos resultados, concluiu-se que a gestão formal da inovação na empresa trouxe disciplina, foco e clareza aos processos de inovação. Possibilitou ciclos de inovação mais curtos e tomada de decisão formalizada baseadas em avaliações conjuntas dos projetos. Contudo notou-se que alguns aspectos mandatórios da gestão da inovação precisam ser aperfeiçoados, como por exemplo, a auditoria e o monitoramento do projeto, a pouca atenção às atividades de pesquisa de mercado, deixando claro que as oportunidades identificadas são ocupadas por meio da imposição tecnológica ao mercado (technology push).
Semantic Parameters to Manage an Innovation Network Using Managing as Designing Approach: The Virtual Innovation Society Network Case
Authors: Gattaz Cristiane Chaves , Cruvinel Paulo Estevão , Piscopo Marcos Roberto
Published: February 2020

The most recent operations and management frameworks in innovation have not been complete to explicit required knowledge to manage the cooperation of its networked open innovation value chain in the knowledge economy and open enterprise. Strategic actors from the Virtual Innovation Society network were interviewed to identify critical semantic parameters that address this issue. As a result, this study suggests the characterization of inter-dependent added-values and its performance metrics, under the “managing as designing” approach, as input for managing the externalities, the integration of the articulation between business operations, strategy and information technology, and waste of innovation. In this context, the identification of the main managerial indicators for future command and control of existing innovation network operations under the “managing as designing” approach becomes a new challenge for future research.   Keywords: Managing as Designing; Innovation Management; Network Managament; Operations Management; Virtual Networks.
Percepção de Obstáculos à Inovação na Indústria Brasileira de Transformação
Authors: Lazaro Silva Filho Jose Carlos , Braga Clara Suzana Cardoso , Reboucas Silvia Maria Dias Pedro
Published: February 2020

This article aims to identify the perception of the Brazilian manufacturing industry about the main obstacles to innovation. We used in the research "microdata” from the three years National Innovation Research – PINTEC 2011 (IBGE, 2013). Confirmed the results that innovative firms are more likely to report barriers to innovation that non-innovative companies. It is evident also that four factors had higher perceived importance as harmful to innovative activities in that sector: 1) high innovation costs; 2) excessive economic risk; 3) lack of qualified personnel and 4) lack of funding.
Effects of economic clusters, FDI and R&D on Innovation: Developing Countries in European Monetary Union Example
Authors: Yıldırım Durmuş Çağrı , ARUN KORHAN
Published: February 2020

This study investigates the impact of clusters, FDI, RD, and GDP per capita on innovation. Using a unique panel dataset obtained from eight developing countries with similar innovation levels that are in and out of economic clusters from 2001-2014. The empirical results show that dynamic (uncountable) effects of clusters are not statistically significant on innovation, but static effects (countable) are. Therefore, clusters are effective for developing countries on trade but not innovation directly that developing country should increase trade for innovation spillover by moderation effect of being in economic unions.
EFFECTS OF INNOVATION TYPES ON PRODUCT IDENTITIES: DOES RADICAL INNOVATION LEAD TO A MORE INTEGRATED PRODUCT IDENTITY?
Authors: Eroğlu Ilgım
Published: February 2020

In this study, the relation between innovation capabilities and product identity integrity is investigated through a theoretical frame, which is briefly tested through Turkish television industry.There are many studies in literature that discuss design’s role in innovation. The differentiation of product design activities from technological improvements was also discussed before; however more recent studies conducted by Dell’Era and Verganti also discuss the visual language aspect and its contribution to product innovation. Even if many aspects of visual elements and their effect on perceived novelty are discussed, the overall outcomes of design-driven innovation on product identity and brand identity still need to be discussed. There is a prior study conducted by Dell’Era and Vergani (2007) that provide quantitative clues on the subject, but theoretical explanations and their evaluations on fieldworks are still needed.This study aims to provide theoretical explanations to product identity outcomes of certain innovation types. Literatures on innovation, organizational creativity, and comparative studies on radical and incremental innovations are studied together with studies on product identity strategies to provide a relation between innovation types and product identity outcomes.The results support prior studies that claim companies with radical innovation capabilities have more homogenous product identity. Also, the provided theoretical relations are identified to a degree in the study. The outcomes can be suggested and developed further for developing product identity strategies in organizations.
Influência da colaboração interorganizacional na implementação de inovações
Authors: Kuhl Marcos Roberto , Costa Zoraide Da Fonseca
Published: February 2020

Collaboration for innovation is addressed in several texts, but few bring empirical evidence of the influence of collaboration on innovation. Thus, the aim of this research is to identify and analyze the degree of the influence of collaboration on the implementation of innovations in Brazilian industries. The theoretical basis used consisted of texts that approach with innovation in a more consistent way and that specifically address collaboration for innovation. For data collection, a structured questionnaire applied to the Brazilian extractive and processing industries was used. This resulted a sample of 254 valid questionnaires. The questionnaire measured the innovation (5 variables), the sources of collaboration (9 variables) and the motives for collaborating (9 variables). The analyzes were based on the Exploratory Factor Analysis for the Motives and Sources constructs and the Multiple Linear Regression Analysis to verify the influence of Motives and Sources on Innovation. The results indicate that collaboration with subsidiaries or group companies, suppliers, customers and competitors has a significant and higher impact in relation to the five types of innovation evaluated. In the cases of radical and incremental innovation in process and Organizational Innovation, besides the sources already mentioned, one of the motives factors (access to resources) was also significant, indicating their influence on the implementation of innovations. As a theoretical contribution, this study seeks empirical evidence on the impact of collaboration on innovation, which is still in its infancy. As a practical contribution, it provides subsidies for companies and for the definition of public policies.
Technology transfer offices as promoters of technology, innovation and regional development in mexico
Authors: Beltran Luis Felipe , Almendarez Marco Antonio , Flores Victor Hugo , Trejo Karla Suzeth , Lagunas Magdalena , Ortega Alfredo
Published: February 2020

Objective of the study: The main objective of this research work was to analyze the importance of a Technology Transfer Office (TTO) as an innovation promoter in regional development in Mexico. Methodology/Approach: An analysis bibliographic was used, application of surveys and generation of indexes. In 2014, a survey was applied to 131 TTOs to measure their impacts.Originality/Relevance: To perform this analysis, we used a self-generated indicator, an index that measures the degree of specialization by geographic region and economic sector, using indicators of regional agglomeration as a basis. The agglomeration model generated was composed of national patent applications, international patents, utility models, industrial designs, and trade secrets.Main results: The results by geographical area in Mexico, were the Northwest, specializing in aquaculture, fisheries, aeronautics and agriculture; the Northeast, in biotechnology, chemistry and metallurgy mechanics; the Center, in automobile, energy, and software; the West, in aerospace, automobile, chemistry and metallurgy mechanics; the Southeast, in food industry, construction, and mining.Theoretical/methodological contributions: We found that the specialization of the TTOs among the various productive sectors in Mexico has contributed to the highest rates of growth in patent registration in the Latin American region.Social/management contributions: Although contributions generated in protecting intellectual property at international level are still insufficient, we believe we are on the right track. At least Mexico started to generate the innovation ecosystem that other countries began four decades ago.
Diffuse acute otitis externa
Authors: Gamrot-Wrzoł Marta , Zięba Natalia , Ścierski Wojciech , Misiołek Maciej
Published: February 2020

Diffuse acute otitis externa (OEAD) is one of the most frequent cases recorded in Otorhinolaryngological emergency room. The main symptoms include: acute otalgia, feeling of ear fullness, itching, hearing impairment, sometimes fever. Otoscopy is the basic part of the diagnosis. First-line treatment involves topical antibiotic eardrops with or without a steroid. Clinicians should prescribe a non-ototoxic preparation when the patient has a known or suspected perforation of the tympanic membrane. Systemic antibiotics should not be prescribed in the first stage of the therapy unless the patient is at risk of severe course of the disease.
Planning a Research Process in Security Sciences Through Methods of Operational Research
Authors: Gikiewicz Magdalena
Published: February 2020

This article presents fundamental issues related to the process of planning scientific research in security sciences based on methods belonging to operational research. Operational research is one of the areas that are intensively developed and implemented towards security and performance improvement in areas such as planning, organizing, implementing or controlling various types of projects. Therefore, issues related to operational research, its methodological foundations, and the use of network programming methods in the field of planning research process required a broader explanation in the context of security sciences.
As a consequence, a reference to the decision model was made. It was stated that each decision related to security research increases
the demand for methods of analysis and objective assessment. Each undertaking, in particular this related to security research,
is associated with specific goals, the achievement of which requires possession of appropriate forces and resources. This study refers
to the essence of project implementation time, which is very often limited and can be used in a variety of ways, which is determined
by the specific conditions in which the technical, organizational or other activities are carried out. As a consequence of the above,
it is stated that the research process is characterized by conducting a sequence of activities aimed at achieving research goal, solving
research problem or verifying hypothesis within a specified time frame. It is also stated that each research process has a specific
duration and one can be tempted to state that it is usually unique.
Analysis of the Dutch Crisis Response System in the Context of the Common European Union Resilience
Authors: van Duuren Chris , Zwęgliński Tomasz
Published: February 2020

The increasing integrity of the European Union member states is more and more regarding the security and civil protection aspects. On the other hand the priority in responsibility for the safety and security is still in the domain of the sovereign states. It means that the individual states of the EU are responsible for designing and managing their own security and civil protection systems. However,
the integration processes within the EU trigger a significant need for an increase of common understanding of the individual member states’ philosophies, approaches and systems utilized in the domain of security and civil protection. Only then if we understand how the others work, we are able to assist them in a crisis or disaster. Therefore, it is highly important to share and understand each other’s systems between member states. The article presents the Dutch approach to national risk assessment as well as organizational aspects of internal
security system applied in the Netherlands. It also suggest the future challenges which are at the near horizon of the system development.
Separatism — the Main Threat for Internal Security
Authors: Berkii Tetiana
Published: February 2020

This article is devoted to separatism as a global phenomenon of modern times. Separatism is considered a large-scale phenomenon of the present, which can cause irreparable consequences for state independence. The concept of separatism is analysed in accordance with different dictionaries that interpret this phenomenon. The concept of separatism is analysed using the comparative method, namely, separatism is compared with the solar system. The main types of separatism are analysed, depending of the region, country and the sphere of its expression. Examples of each of them are given in the article. If we consider
separatism as a movement or a process that wants to separate from the state, then, depending on the purpose, the following forms of separatism are distinguished: secession, irredentism, and devolution. The positions of the representatives of the scientific world community about secession are highlighted, its main advantages and disadvantages are revealed. The article highlights the interesting positions of scientists who consider separatism as a positive phenomenon in the process of nation-building. As an example of irredentism, the situation with the Crimea is described. Crimea was an autonomous region within the nation of Ukraine until March 2014 after a shady referendum it was taken over by the Russian police.
Amazing Penal Institutions and the Dwelling Circumstances of Inmates
Authors: Dr. Simon Gabriella Ürmösné
Published: February 2020

Interestingly enough, there are many types of penal institutions all over the world. Most of them are overcrowded, and harsh, humiliating conditions and mandatory rules surround the inmates. Other prisons swim on the sea, or located in picturesque environment over the sea or in one of the Tuscan archipelagos, or located in a dukedom. The rest could represent “five star” penal
institutions with all amenities, conveniences, and facilities of tennis court, horse riding or swimming in the sea. Eco prisons also exist with solar panels, bio diesel, recycling, and cultivations. Inmates may live in communities, without the supervision of prison wardens and the lack of window-grates, moreover, they move free. They buy their “own cells”, and playing children, stalls, restaurants,
hairdresser’s, and even a hotel are in the vicinity of their “cells”. Other penal institutions accommodate the family members as well, which help children bound their convicted parents, and “disguise” the penal institution in order not to face real prison conditions. Even in the middle of the desert, in military tents inmates are located, and dressed in pink clothes to avoid T-shirt theft. Others are
locked in a stone desert or far away in Siberia. Whereas one penal institution can locate only two convicts, others may accommodate ten thousand ones. There is a wide spectrum, which can range from the most lenient penal institutions, to the strictest ones.
Police Dogs of the Polish Police in the Eyes of Experts
Authors: Gąsiorowski Mariusz
Published: February 2020

The article discusses issues related to the effectiveness of the use of police dogs in the Police in Poland on the basis of research conducted on a representative group of police experts all over the country. The research questionnaire was completed by police officers who perform their daily duties in the field of police cynology — coordinators in the uniformed departments of the Regional Police Headquarters competent for the implementation of tasks related to the use and maintenance of police dogs in the uniformed branch and experts in osmological research in forensic laboratories of Regional Police Headquarters. The author
describes the issues in regard to alarming statistical data, which show a significant decrease in the number of police dogs at the disposal of the Polish Police. The research was based on a research hypothesis, in which it was assumed that police dogs in today’s Polish Police are misused in the activities for public safety and order. In the author’s opinion, the necessary regulations should aim at adapting new systemic and organisational and legal solutions in order to make the best and most effective use of police dogs in the work of the Polish Police.
Circumstances Which are the Basis Of Exemption of a Person From Criminal
Liability for Corruption Offences in the Field of Professional Activities Related
to Public Service
Authors: Viktorovich Shevchyshen Artem
Published: February 2020

The article examines the peculiarities of proving circumstances, which are the basis for the release of a person from criminal responsibility for corruption offences in the field of service activities related to the provision of public services. Substantive and procedural legal basis for such release has been found and the peculiarities of proving circumstances which are the grounds for the release of a person from criminal responsibility on the basis of article 49 and part 5 of article 354 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine have been analysed.
Krankheit und Konflikt(management) in Organisationen
Authors: Gläßer Ulla
Published: February 2020

Dieser Beitrag soll verdeutlichen, dass und wie die Phänomene Krankheit und Konflikt in Organisationen in einer Wechselwirkungsbeziehung stehen: Unbearbeitete Konflikte können krank machen - krankheitsbedingte Ausfälle können zu Konflikten führen. Nach einem kurzen Einblick in einschlägige Statistiken wird der Zusammenhang von Krankheit und Konflikt - unterteilt nach Zeitabschnitten und mit Blick auf unterschiedliche Betroffenengruppen - systematisch herausgearbeitet. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf konflikthaften Auswirkungen krankheitsbedingter Ausfälle. Dies soll dazu beitragen, anekdotisches Erfahrungswissen in Zukunft strukturierter, differenzierter und prägnanter erfassen und diskutieren zu können. Dann wird gezeigt, wie im Rahmen eines umfassenden Konfliktmanagement-Systems (krankheitsbedingte) Konflikte frühzeitig aufgegriffen und konstruktiv bearbeitet werden können. Dies trägt zur Reduzierung von konfliktbedingten Erkrankungen bei, unterstützt und stärkt von Ausfällen belastete Teams und Führungskräfte - und fördert insbesondere die nachhaltige Reintegration von längerfristig Erkrankten in ihren Arbeitskontext. All dies entspricht dem Ansatz der Salutogenese. Organisationelle Strategien zur Senkung bzw. Vermeidung krankheitsbedingter (Dauer-) Ausfälle sollten deshalb unbedingt das mit Erkrankungen verbundene Konfliktpotenzial und -geschehen berücksichtigen.
FRAME MARKERS AND COHERENCE IN L2 ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAYS
Authors: Takač Višnja Pavičić , Ivezić Sanja Vakanjac
Published: February 2020

Academic literacy includes the learners’ ability to use their language knowledge to form articulate texts. In communicative competence models this ability is subsumed under the notion of discourse competence which includes the concepts of cohesion and coherence. Starting from the premise that constructing a coherent text entails efficient use of metadiscourse (i.e. means of explicit text organisation) this study focuses on elements referring to discourse acts, text sequences or stages called frame markers, i.e. items providing framing information about elements of the discourse and functioning to sequence, label, predict and shift arguments, making the discourse clear to readers or listeners (Hyland 2005). It analyses patterns of L2 learners’ use of frame markers, compares them to English native speakers’, and explores the relationship between frame markers and coherence. The corpus includes 80 argumentative essays written by early undergraduate Croatian L2 learners of English at B2 level. The results indicate that foreign language learners’ argumentative essays are characterized by an overuse of a limited set of frame markers. Finally, implications are drawn for teaching and further research.
Crossing Out Normative Boundaries in Psychosis
Authors: Lanigan Richard L. ,   Semiotic Society of America
Published: February 2020

The coding function of semiotic-systems in literature is explored as an example of Umberto Eco’s real and fictional protocols in the play of discourse formation (lector in fabula). The intricate phenomenological levels of intersemiotic translation (apposition, opposition, chiasm, zeugma) are illustrated by analyzing a rhetorical passage (semiotic object) from Charles Dickens’ novel Bleak House. The passage on the logic of series (“lists”) allows us to explore fact/fiction, real/imaginary, normal/abnormal, sane/insane, neurotic/psychotic choices as discourse voice protocols (active, middle, passive) for the axiological interpretation (ethic, moral, aesthetic, politic, and rhetoric) of meaning formation (tropes) and signification function (figures). Models of discourse are drawn from Benveniste, Foucault, Greimas, Lévi-Strauss, and Wilden.
The “Embodied Multi-Material Layering” of In Vitro Meat
Authors: Sikka Tina ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: February 2020

In this article, I offer what I term a ‘embodied multi-material layering’ approach to study the phenomenon of laboratory or in vitro meat using insights from Don Ihde’s postphenomenological approach and Andrew Feenberg’s theory of critical constructivism. This approach offers a reflective, analytic, and normative model of technological analysis and critique that is indispensable to the study of the cutting edge technologies that combine bioinformatics with agrifood research and biomedical engineering.
Mass deacidification: The Wei T’o understanding
Authors: Smith Richard D.
Published: February 2020

Mass deacidification: The Wei T’o understanding