bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ранняя диагностика атеросклероза и оптимизация профилактики поражения сердечнососудистой системы при склеродермии у детей
Authors: Богомолова Ю. С. , Санталова Г. В.
Published: September 2024

Склеродермия является очень важной медико-социальной проблемой. Отмечается рост данного заболевания среди всех возрастных групп. Авторы представили сведения о результатах целого ряда исследований, которые свидетельствуют об изменении липидного профиля больных склеродермией, принимающего атерогенный характер. В связи с этим, основное внимание уделено механизмам атеросклеротического процесса, способствующим формированию разного рода осложнений со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы при данной патологии. Сделана попытка подробного описания патогенеза сосудистых нарушений. Большое внимание отведено роли эндотелиальной дисфункции, имеющей весьма значимое место при склеродермии. Обращено внимание на окислительный стресс, лежащий в основе сосудистых нарушений, как на важное патогенетическое звено не только атеросклероза, но и склеродермии, что объединяет эти заболевания. Дисфункция эндотелия, выявляемая как при склеродермии, так и при других ревматических заболеваниях, может формироваться уже на ранних стадиях болезни и представлять угрозу в отношении сердечно-сосудистой патологии, даже такой как инфаркт миокарда, острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения. В обзоре представлены сведения о роли хронического воспаления при ревматических заболеваниях в образовании атеросклеротических бляшек. Рассматривается связь патогенеза основных компонентов метаболического синдрома и формированием дисфункции эндотелия, обусловливающей стимуляцию фиброзообразования. Анализ представленных сведений об атерогенных сдвигах при склеродермии позволяют сделать вывод о необходимости настороженности врачей в отношении возможных сердечно-сосудистых рисков уже на ранних этапах заболевания.
Использование бемпедоевой кислоты в клинической практике
Authors: Курочкина Н. С. , Зубарева М. Ю. , Артыкова Р. А. , Сергиенко  И. В. Сергиенко  И. В.
Published: September 2024

Данный обзор литературы представляет информацию о новом и в настоящий момент не зарегистрированном в Российской Федерации пероральном гиполипидемическом препарате - Бемпедоевая кислота. В данной обзорной статье представлены данные по механизму действия, эффективности и безопасности, влиянию на риск развития сахарного диабета, описаны результаты основных клинических исследований. Представлены данные, что использование бемпедоевой кислоты, как в комбинации с другими гиполипидемическими препаратами, так и в качестве монотерапии займет свое место в качестве вторичной, так и первичной профилактики атеросклероза и ассоциированных с ним заболеваний.
Распространенность гиперлипопротеидемии (а) у больных очень высокого сердечно-сосудистого риска
Authors: Кузнецов А. А. , Маль Г. С. , Мануйлов В. М.
Published: September 2024

Цель исследования.  Проанализировать распространенность гиперлипопротеинемии (а) у больных с очень высоким сердечно-сосудистым риском и провести поиск статистической взаимосвязи с клиническим фенотипом пациентов. Материалы и методы. У 124 больных очень высокого сердечно-сосудистого риска в поперечном (одномоментном) исследовании определяли уровень липопротеина (а) (Лп(а)) иммунохемилюминесцентным методом. После получения результатов проводилась ассоциация повышенных значений уровня Лп(а) с факторами риска развития сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и коморбидными состояниями. Результаты. В ходе проведения исследования показано, что средняя концентрация Лп(а) в наблюдаемой группе составила 27,74±24,11 мг/дл. У 33,87% больных (n=42) диагностировано повышение значений Лп(а) более 30 мг/дл. Перенесенный инфаркт миокарда ассоциировался с повышенными значениями Лп(а) (χ2=0,002; ОШ 3,77 95% ДИ 1,73-8,23; p<0,001). Заключение. Скрининговое определение уровня Лп(а), хотя бы один раз в жизни, позволяет предотвратить значительное количество сердечно-сосудистых событий, в том числе у больных, достигнувших целевые диапазоны холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности.
Особенности воспалительного ответа моноцитов у пациентов с ранним развитием ИБС
Authors: Блохина Т. В. , Кириченко Т. В. , Маркина Ю. В. , Хованцева У. С. , Козлов С. Г. , Мельников И. С. , Базанович С. А.
Published: September 2024

Цель. Нарушение воспалительного ответа моноцитов/макрофагов является важным механизмом в патогенезе атеросклероза, лежащего в основе ИБС. Целью настоящего исследования явилось изучение секреции воспалительных цитокинов культивируемыми моноцитами/макрофагами пациентов с ранним развитием ИБС. Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 73 пациента, в том числе, 38 больных с рано возникшей ИБС и 35 пациентов без ИБС, сопоставимых по полу и возрасту. Первичную культуру CD14+ моноцитов получали методом иммуномагнитной сепарации. Для стимуляции воспалительного ответа добавляли в культуру клеток липополисахарид (ЛПС) на 24 ч на 1 и 6 сутки.  Базальную и ЛПС-стимулированную секрецию цитокинов ФНО-α, ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6, ИЛ-8 и MCP-1 оценивали методом иммуноферментного анализа на 2 и 7 сутки культивирования. Для определения показателей, независимо связанных с наличием ИБС, и оценки выраженности такой связи, был выполнен логистический регрессионный анализ. Результаты. Уровень базальной секреции ФНО-α, ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6, МСР-1 был выше у больных ИБС по сравнению с пациентами контрольной группы. Уровни повторно стимулированной секреции ФНО-α и уровни ЛПС-стимулированной и повторно стимулированной секреции ИЛ-1β на вторые и шестые сутки так же были выше у больных ИБС. Уровни стимулированной секреции ИЛ-6 не имели различий у больных ИБС и у пациентов контрольной группы. Ни базальная, ни стимулированная секреция ИЛ-8 не отличалась у пациентов обеих групп. ЛПС-стимулированная секреция МСР-1 на вторые сутки так же не отличалась у пациентов обеих групп. Повторно стимулированная секреция МСР-1 была выше у больных ИБС. Результаты логистического регрессионного анализа показали, что уровни секреции ИЛ-1β и ИЛ-6 являются независимыми предикторами наличия рано возникшей ИБС наряду с курением, индексом массы тела и уровнем холестерина ЛВП в сыворотке крови. Заключение. Результаты исследования свидетельствуют о провоспалительной активации моноцитов/макрофагов у больных с рано возникшей ИБС, что проявлялось в повышении базальной и индуцированной секреции провоспалительных цитокинов ФНО-α, ИЛ-1β, МСР-1 и в меньшей степени ИЛ-6.
Гиполипидемическая терапия в особых ситуациях
Authors: Арутюнов Г. П. , Ежов М. В. , Алиева А. С. , Шапошник И. И. , Орлова Я. А. , Козиолова Н. А. , Тарловская Е. И. , Григорьева Н. Ю. , Чесникова А. И.
Published: September 2024

Ведение пациентов с нарушениями липидного обмена зачастую затруднено наличием сопутствующей патологии и состояний, не позволяющих применять классические схемы диагностики, стратификации риска и подходов к лечению. В рамках данного обзора обсуждены сложные вопросы ведения пациентов с дислипидемиями в особых ситуациях.
Prinsip-Prinsip Umum Etika Bisnis Islam
Authors: Lestari Putri Sri , Jubaedah Dedah
Published: September 2024

Perusahaan syariah adalah perusahaan yang dijalankan sesuai dengan hukum Islam, di mana semua cara untuk memperoleh dan menggunakan barang yang diperoleh harus mematuhi aturan halal dan haram hukum Islam. Islam menawarkan indikator, seperti standar moral atau prosedur operasi, untuk membantu bisnis berhasil di dunia serta akhirat. Dalam ekonomi Islam, ada lima prinsip yang harus diterapkan pada perdagangan syariah. Tinjauan pustaka dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan metode analisis isi digunakan sebagai metodologi penelitian untuk menggambarkan prinsip-prinsip umum etika bisnis Islam. Tinjauan Pustaka adalah metode penelitian yang mengumpulkan data tertulis dengan cara membaca dan mencatat referensi teori yang relevan sehingga diolah dalam kerangka yang memberikan suatu kesatuan yang utuh. Etika bisnis Islam adalah etika yang konsisten dengan prinsip-prinsip Islam. Jadi Anda tidak perlu stres tentang melakukan bisnis dengan asumsi bahwa itu benar dan baik. Etika bisnis Islam menempatkan penekanan kuat pada prinsip-prinsip Al-Quran. Secara umum, ada sejumlah prinsip yang membentuk etika bisnis Islam, termasuk prinsip persatuan, keseimbangan, kehendak bebas, tanggung jawab, serta kebenaran.
TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH TERHADAP KREDIT USAHA RAKYAT (KUR) SYARIAH PADA PEGADAIAN SYARIAH CABANG PASAR RENTENG PRAYA LOMBOK TENGAH
Authors: Angriani Parida
Published: September 2024

UMKM have great potential in economic development in Indonesia. However, there are still many UMKM sectors that face problems in developing their businesses, namely limited financial problems in obtaining additional capital. Currently, many financial services offer capital loans, one of which is the Renteng Sharia Pawnshop institution which distributes Super Micro People's Business Credit (KUR). Because the distribution of Super Micro KUR has only just begun to be distributed, it is necessary to examine everything related to distribution practices, namely the process/procedures, terms, contracts, conditions and whether the problem resolution process is in accordance with the economic system in sharia economic law. This research uses a field/empirical approach with qualitative research methods that describe the objects or subjects studied in depth using empirical evidence obtained through interviews, observation, documentation of reality in the field. The research results show that credit in Islam is permissible because originally there was no text that forbade it. Most scholars say yes. The distribution of Super Micro KUR at Renteng Syariah Pegadaian does not contain anything that is detrimental to both parties and is in accordance with sharia economic law because it has implemented the principles of justice ('adl), balance (tawazun), benefit (maslahah), and does not contain elements of gharar (vagueness/obscurity). vaguely, maysir (gambling), usury, dzulm (tyranny), risywah (bribery), and other haram objects.
FLORA DAN FAUNA PERSPEKTIF HADIS
Authors: Saifuddin Saifuddin , Amin Muhammadiyah , Ahmad La Ode Ismail
Published: September 2024

Eksistensi makhluk selain manusia memiliki kesetaraan dalam wujud sebagai ciptaan dan berusaha untuk melakukan hal-hal yang terbaik, yang tentu saja dalam kodratnya yang telah digariskan oleh Sang Pencipta. Penelitian ini mengkaji keberadaan Fauna dan Flora yang mengangkat salah satu jenis hewan yaitu kucing dan kedudukan orang yang melakukan penghijauan atau memperhatikan lingkungan dengan bercocok tanam. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis atas hadis-hadis yang terkait. Hasil atas penelitian ini adalah (1) Penelitian yang dilakukan melalui hadis Sunan Ad Darimi Nomor 729 dan Hadis Sahih Bukhari nomor 2191 menunjukkan bahwa Nabi sangat menyayangi hewan. Hadis ini berbicara tentang larangan keras nabi menyakiti hewan—dalam hal ini kucing—bahkan nabi menekankan untuk memelihara, melindungi dan merawatnya dengan baik (2) Penelitian yang dilakukan melalui hadis Musnad Imam Ahmad Nomor 15963 dan Hadis Sahih Bukhari nomor 2152, memberikan gambaran bagaimana Nabi sangat menganjurkan seorang muslim untuk melakukan penanaman yang dapat diartikan penghijauan, dan tidak membiarkan lahan itu menjadi kosong, jika sekiranya tanaman dan tumbuhan yang sejatinya diperuntukkan kepada manusia itu pada akhirnya dimakan oleh hewan, maka itu juga bukan merupakan sesuatu yang sia-sia karena bernilai sedekah bagi pemiliknya.
PANDANGAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP SISTEM PENJUALAN BATU BATA MERAH (STUDI KASUS DESA INDOMAKKOMBONG KECAMATAN MATAKALI)
Authors: Busrah Busrah , Halif Nur , Muin Rahmah
Published: September 2024

Salah satu sentra pembuatan batu bata merah adalah Desa Indomakkombong di Kecamatan Matakali, Kabupaten Polewali Mandar, di mana penduduk setempat memanfaatkan kebun dan sawah sebagai sumber daya dan lokasi pembuatan batu bata merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mekanisme pelaksanaan sistem penjualan batu bata merah dan meninjaunya dari sudut pandang hukum Islam di Desa Makkombong, Kecamatan Matakali, Kabupaten Polewali Mandar. Penelitian lapangan (field research) dengan para pengusaha batu bata merah merupakan komponen dari penelitian ini. Strategi ini menggunakan dokumentasi, wawancara, dan observasi sebagai teknik pengumpulan datanya. Selain itu, analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, terdapat anomali dalam sistem penjualan batu bata merah di Desa Indomakkombong, Kecamatan Matakali, di mana pembeli tidak langsung memberikan uang hasil pembelian kepada penjual melainkan menjanjikannya selama kurang lebih tiga hari. Oleh karena itu tinjauan hukum dalam jual beli batu bata merah di Desa Indomakkombong Kecamatan Matakali masih banyak masyarakat yang kurang paham akan hal tersebut.
PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP KERJA SAMA ANTARA PETANI SAYUR DAN PENGEPUL SAYUR (STUDI KASUS DESA KEBUNSARI KECAMATAN WONOMULYO)
Authors: Paramita Anggun , Kaco Suardi , Hindi M. Anwar
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki sifat dari praktik kerja sama antara produsen sayuran dan pengepul sayuran di Desa Kebunsari,  Kecamatan Wonomulyo. Secara khusus,  penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan sifat dari praktik kerja sama tersebut. Studi ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa cara yang dilakukan oleh produsen sayur dan pengepul sayur di Desa Kebunsari,  Kecamatan Wonomulyo,  untuk berkolaborasi,  antara lain: Kesepakatan petani sayur dengan pengepul sayur,  Pembelian dengan pembayaran tidak langsung,  Penanganan dan pengangkutan,  Akses ke pasar,  Manajemen persediaan,  dan Keuntungan. Hukumnya boleh atau boleh dilakukan dalam tinjauan hukum Islam tentang kerjasama antara petani sayur dengan pengepul sayur dalam kaitannya dengan perjanjian lisan yang dilakukan oleh petani sayur dan pengepul sayur. Sebagai hasil dari tradisi masyarakat Desa Kebunsari Kecamatan Wonomulyo Kabupaten Polewali Mandar yang berpotensi menjadi hukum. Hal ini dapat diterima selama kedua belah pihak saling meridhoi dan tidak merugikan satu sama lain. Kerjasama tersebut diperbolehkan dalam Islam karena menjunjung tinggi prinsip saling percaya.
PANDANGAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PRAKTIK JUAL BELI SARANG BURUNG WALET (STUDI KASUS KELURAHAN MATAKALI KECAMATAN MATAKALI)
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Zulmaizar Muh. Muzani , Muin Rahmah
Published: September 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui lebih jauh tentang jual beli sarang burung walet dan bagaimana transaksi tersebut dilakukan menurut syariat Islam. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan, artinya data diperoleh langsung dari lapangan. Alasan penelitian lapangan adalah untuk memusatkan perhatian secara serius pada survei peraturan Islam tentang tindakan jual beli sarang burung walet di sub-lokasi Matakali. Hasil dalam praktik jual beli rumah walet adalah adanya kerelaan antara pembeli dan penjual dalam hal penentuan harga rumah walet, dimana harga jual bergantung pada jenis dan keadaan rumah walet yang akan dijual, bisnis rumah walet sangat bergantung pada penilaian kualitas yang tepat, adanya hubungan langsung antara penjual dan pembeli, dan adanya sistem pembayaran yang cepat dan tepat. Sesuai dengan hukum Islam, jual beli sarang burung walet diperbolehkan, namun dilarang jika mengandung riba, haram, atau gharar. Pemeriksaan ini sesuai dengan aturan Islam di mana secara praktis, rukun dan syarat jual beli telah terpenuhi. baik dari yang melakukan kesepakatan sampai barang yang diperjualbelikan. Dalam melakukan akad jual beli, ada rukun dan syarat yang harus dipenuhi.
Analyzing User Satisfaction of the SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Lilin Website Using the End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) Method
Authors: Nurhalimah Siti , Ratnasari Asti , Rochmadi Tri , Wicaksono Yanuar
Published: September 2024

Education plays a central role in society, with schools serving as crucial institutions in providing access to relevant information for all stakeholders. With advancements in technology, many schools have established an online presence through their websites. SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Lilin is one such school that provides various information related to school activities on its website. However, overall user engagement and feedback, particularly from students, have been limited, and the level of user satisfaction remains unknown. This study aims to analyze the user satisfaction of the school website using a quantitative descriptive approach to test specific hypotheses. Data were collected from 250 respondents selected through purposive sampling, conducted at SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Lilin between February and April 2024. The End User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) method was employed to assess user satisfaction and the influencing factors. EUCS evaluates satisfaction based on five parameters: content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression and classical assumption tests, processed with SPSS version 23. Initial validity and reliability tests revealed inadequacies, but subsequent tests confirmed that all instruments were valid and reliable. The results confirm that all research hypotheses are accepted. The F-test results indicate that the regression coefficients of content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness significantly affect user satisfaction (sig < 0.05). The T-test results further reveal that each variable positively influences user satisfaction individually (sig < 0.05). An R Square value of 0.297 suggests that 29.7% of user satisfaction is explained by the variables of content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness, indicating a weak relationship, while the remaining 70.3% is influenced by other factors not included in this study. The findings indicate that respondents generally exhibit low levels of satisfaction when using the SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Lilin website, as evidenced by the influence of content, accuracy, format, ease of use, and timeliness on user satisfaction.
The Influence of Indigenous Peoples' Local Wisdom Values on the Understanding of Civic Education in Kampung Naga Elementary School
Authors: Diyanti Istiqomah Eka , Rahmatika Rosatria , Rosmilawati Ila
Published: September 2024

Local wisdom that develops in indigenous peoples is a form of culture that is still sustainable and has noble values that can enrich students' understanding of civic education. However, in the context of formal education, the integration of local wisdom with the national curriculum still faces various challenges. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of indigenous peoples' local wisdom values on elementary school students' understanding of civic education. This study uses a quantitative method with a survey approach to analyze the influence of indigenous peoples' local wisdom values on elementary school students' understanding of civic education. The results of this study state that local wisdom values, such as mutual cooperation, deliberation, and respect for nature, have a significant influence on elementary school students' understanding of civic education. Deliberation showed the strongest influence, followed by mutual cooperation and respect for nature, all of which contributed positively to improving students' understanding of the concept of citizenship. In addition, an R-square value of 0.65 indicates that local wisdom is able to explain most of the variations in students' understanding, which emphasizes the importance of integrating local values in the learning process. This research also highlights the need for the active role of teachers and communities in connecting formal materials with students' socio-cultural contexts, as well as opening up opportunities for the development of a more inclusive and culturally relevant curriculum.
Evaluation of Implementing Combined Lecture, Demonstration, and Question-Answer Methods in the Fiqh Lesson
Authors: Yuniendel Ratna Kasni , Trinova Zulvia
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this research was to find out how the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the combination of lecture, demonstration, and question and answer methods in Fiqh lessons on obligatory prayers material class VII (seventh grade) at State Islamic Junior High School of 1 Padang. The research type was qualitative field research. The instruments of this research were interviews and observation. There were two respondents in this research. They are Primary and secondary respondents. The primary respondents were 2 Fiqh teachers and ten students. Meanwhile, the principal and deputy curriculum as secondary respondents in strengthening the results of this research. The results of this research are (1) the teacher of Fiqh's lesson was well organized in the planning of the lecture, demonstration, and question and answer methods, (2) the implementation of the lecture, demonstration, and question and answer methods is not fully by the lesson plan, especially in applying technology as a learning media in Fiqh lessons. Therefore, it was focused on the teacher's explanation in front of the class. (3) Teachers carried out their roles well as facilitators for students who had not understood the learning material and provided a material review to strengthen students' understanding of learning. However, the evaluation did not measure the achievement of students' learning objectives.
Development of TPACK Self-Assessment Instrument for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Preservice Teachers
Authors: Annur Aan Fadia , Jaeni Muhamad , Musthofa Musthofa , Musa Muhammad Maskur
Published: September 2024

The digital era requires teachers to have TPACK abilities. Not only teachers, but pre-service teachers also need to be equipped with TPACK abilities in order to become competitive teachers in the digital age. To measure the TPACK ability of prospective teachers, it is necessary to develop an instrument that can measure TPACK. This research was conducted with the aim of developing a TPACK self-assessment instrument for PGMI students who are prospective teachers of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI). The approach used in this research is research and development (R&D) type ADDIE, which is carried out through five (5) stages, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The instrument was developed based on the seven components of TPACK. A total of 34 PGMI students who have carried out teaching practices act as samples in this study. After validation and reliability tests were carried out using SPSS, 39 items were valid statements out of a total of 40 items, with an alpha coefficient of 0.970. Thus, it can be said that 39 items of statements are reliable and appropriate to be used to measure the TPACK ability of PGMI students.
Manajemen Pendidikan Non-formal dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan Studi Kasus di Kumon Adi Sucipto Pejarakan Ampenan Kota Mataram
Authors: Sukmawati Sukmawati , Yakin Nurul , Citriadin Yudin
Published: September 2024

Non-formal education serves as a tool for training and developing human resources to enable individuals in need of education to acquire the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and competitiveness they require. In addition to formal education, after-school learning is crucial for building future-ready people resources, which will be the cornerstone of Indonesia's development. The purpose of this study is to determine how Kumon raises student learning standards. In this qualitative case study that included income analysis, research informants included three student parents, two tutors, and one supervisor. The data for this study was gathered through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this investigation show that the Kumon approach, when used independently and at suitable discount rates, enhances.
Improving Sharaf Memorization Through Al-Bidayah Method Book
Authors: Hidayat Abd Khamid , Rizal Hasan Syaiful , Hasyim Mochamad
Published: September 2024

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Al-Bidayah method book in improving sharf learning for students of Madrasah Diniyah Darut Taqwa. This study used a pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test. The sample of this study amounted to 20 fourth grade students of Madrasah Diniyah Darut Taqwa in Pasuruan. The results showed that the Al-Bidayah method book was effective in increasing the memorization of sharaf, with an increase in the average post-test score by 18.15 points compared to the pre-test score. This study successfully proved that the use of learning theory from the Al-Bidayah method book is effective in improving students' understanding of sharf science, with consistent and statistically significant results.
Model Pembelajaran Discovery Learning dengan Pendekatan CRT untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Literasi Membaca
Authors: Almahdi Achmad Arif , Mawardi Mawardi
Published: September 2024

Preliminary research obtained data that there were fifth grade elementary school students who had levels of critical thinking and reading literacy in the low category. These two abilities are very important for students' academic development, so they need to be improved. The aims of this research are: 1) improve critical thinking skills; 2) improve reading literacy skills; 3) know the value of increasing critical thinking skills, and; 4) know the value of increasing reading literacy skills. The research uses the classroom action research (PTK) method with the Stringer model. The research was carried out over two cycles through 3 stages, namely look, think, and act. The number of samples in cycles I and II was 26 children. Data collection techniques were carried out using tests and non-tests, while the instruments were in the form of questions and questionnaires. The research resulted in: 1) students' critical thinking skills and reading literacy increasing; 2) Critical thinking skills in cycle I had an average of 68 or in the medium category and the average in cycle II was 75 or in the high category; 3) Reading literacy skills in cycles I and II each have an average of 70 in the medium category and 78 in the high category; 4) students' critical thinking skills reach a minimum of 54% in the high category; 4) students' reading literacy skills reach a minimum of 65% in the high category. These data have reached indicators of research success, thus confirming that the discovery learning model with the CRT approach is able to improve critical thinking skills and reading literacy.
THE EFFECT OF CUTTING FORCES ON BONE RELATED OPERATIONAL PROCESSES: A LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Kağıtcı Yusuf Çağlar , Neşeli Süleyman
Published: September 2024

Cutting mechanics must be known in terms of solving the mechanistic problems to be encountered as a result of the operational processes on the bone. In today's applications, operational procedures such as milling, drilling, cutting and screwing can be performed on the bone as a surgical procedure. The uncontrollable cutting forces that occur as a combination of the microstructure of the bone and the geometric features of the cutting tools and the resulting localized heat (fracture and necrosis) may cause bone damage. The fracture of the cutting tool or the cut bone due to the cutting force depends on the intensity and direction of the forces applied during the operation. In this study, a review of the studies in the literature on what the factors causing bone damage and their effects are reduced. In addition, the information given in this study will be useful as a one-stop document for technicians, engineers and researchers who need information on tool design, cutting force measurements in bone processing operations (in surgical applications such as milling, drilling, cutting, etc.) of cutting forces.
REFRACTIVE INDEX BASED DETECTION WITH A HIGH SENSITIVITY BIOSENSOR ENHANCED BY GRAPHENE
Authors: Erturan Ahmet Murat , Gültekin Seyfettin Sinan
Published: September 2024

Over the past decade, optical sensors have made significant advances. An optical sensor examines the environmental impact through the change of an optical signal and offers advantages such as low cost and label-free detection. In this study, a sensor consisting of a single graphene layer and a slit positioned on the substrate is proposed. The strip gap made to improve the excitation of graphene plasmons allowed to achieve 96.2% high transmission resonance mode. This demonstrates the ability of the sensor surface to detect changing environmental conditions. The results show that the sensitivity of the sensor is 6282 nm/RIU when the sensor surface is exposed to analytes with different refractive indices. The use of a single graphene sheet eliminates the need for a metal resonator and achieves a higher sensitivity compared to some experiments recently published in the literature. Thus, the disadvantage of significant ohmic losses in metal resonators is avoided. Furthermore, a thorough discussion of various factors, including the modification of the strip gap width on the graphene layer and electrical tunability, led to the achievement of optimal sensitivity.
THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION FOR YTTERBIUM EFFECT ON RADIATION SHIELDING CHARACTERISTICS OF 50Bi2O3-15Li2O-15PbO-(20-X)B2O3-Yb2O3 BORATE GLASSES
Authors: Aygün Murat , Aygun Zeynep , Han İbrahim , Narmanlı Han Emine
Published: September 2024

As the nuclear industry has developed and radiation technologies have become more widely used, the dose of radiation from both synthetically produced sources and radioisotopes has increased, as has the number of people being irradiated. It is of the utmost importance to utilise appropriate shielding materials in order to reduce the negative effects of radiation sources. Doped glasses are among the most significant candidate materials in the field of radiation shielding. To this end, it was aimed to investigate the charged particle, gamma-ray and neutron shielding characteristics of ytterbium doped glasses with composition of 50Bi2O3-15Li2O-15PbO-(20-x)B2O3-Yb2O3 (where x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5). In this regard, the radiation shielding parameters were estimated by using Phy-X/PSD, PAGEX, ESTAR, and SRIM codes. Furthermore, the results were compared comprehensively and comparatively. Charged particle (alpha, proton and electron), gamma ray and neutron shielding efficiencies were found to be proportional to ytterbium content. The glasses with the increasing amount of ytterbium exhibited higher shielding performances. It can be said that all the studied glasses and particularly Yb2.5 sample could be used as shielding materials in many radiation related applications.
ADVANCING MEMORY DENSITY: A NOVEL DESIGN FOR MULTIPLE-BIT-PER-CELL PHASE CHANGE MEMORY
Authors: Çinar İbrahim
Published: September 2024

Multiple-bit-per-cell phase-change memory (MPCM) has emerged as a promising solution to address the escalating demands for high-density, low-power, and fast-access memory in modern computing and data storage systems. This paper presents a novel device design aimed at enabling multiple bits per cell in phase-change memory, thereby significantly enhancing memory density while maintaining performance and reliability. Leveraging innovative material compositions and advanced fabrication techniques, the proposed design demonstrates the potential to push the boundaries of memory capacity, efficiency, and scalability. Through comprehensive simulation analysis and performance evaluations, we showcase the feasibility and advantages of the new device design, highlighting its potential to revolutionize memory architectures and meet the evolving needs of next-generation computing systems.
INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF ANNUAL AVERAGE TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION CHANGES ON CORS-TR STATIONS: THE CASE OF KSTM STATION
Authors: Acar Alparslan , Bülbül Sercan , Başçiftçi Fuat , Yıldırım Ömer
Published: September 2024

In this study, the effects of meteorological changes on the point positioning of CORS-TR stations were investigated. For this purpose, KURU, SINP, BOYT, CORU, CANK, CMLD, KRBK, KSTM stations were selected. The KSTM station was taken as unknown and adjusted based on other stations. Seasonal normal values of KSTM station in Kastamonu province covering the years 2016-2020 were examined in terms of temperature and precipitation amount. These values were determined according to the minimum, maximum and average value criteria by using Türkiye State Meteorological Service data. For the calculations, IGS-standardized RINEX data of the stations for 5 years and 12 months between 2016 and 2020 and for 10 days on the 11th and 20th days of each month were used. All calculations were processed with Leica Geo Office v8.x. The calculated coordinates were compared with the current coordinates of CORS-TR at the same epoch and examined according to annual temperature and precipitation. In the analyzes, it was tested by statistical method whether all measurements were compatible. When it was examined whether the temperature changes were statistically significant, it was observed that the test values were calculated according to the temperature changes were below the test distribution limit at 95% confidence interval. When it was examined whether the precipitation changes were statistically significant, it was observed that the test values were calculated according to the precipitation changes were below the test distribution limit at 95% confidence interval.
تجليات التناص الديني في الرواية العراقية المعاصرة "رواية كان لي قلب لفوزی الطائي انموذجا"
Authors: الدراجي فؤاد , فرحاني مهدي
Published: September 2024

من خلال نظرة تأملية فاحصة  في رواية ( كان لي قلب)، لاحظ الباحث حضور التناص الديني  بوضوح في هذا العمل الأدبي الروائي،  وهذا الاستخدام للتناص من الكاتب ناتج عن تأثره بالأسلوب القرآني والثقافة الدينية، بحيث تجدها حاضرة في حياته وفي نصوصه الأدبية، لذلك اتسمت روايته بالطابع الديني؛ لتوحي لنا أن النصوص الدينية مفتاح النص الروائي، أو تتمة له، أو إنها  جزء منه لا تستطيع  أن تنفك عنه، ولايمكن التمييز فيما بينهما إلا بالنظر والتمحيص. حيث نجد الكاتب قد تمكن من توظيف التناص الديني بأسلوب أدبي مقصود، من خلال استدعاء نصوص دينية الى نصه الروائي الدال على حياة متكاملة وشخصيات حية عاشت أزمة الحرب والخوف والترقب، وفق صياغة تقع على شكل مشوق، لمعرفة المجهول من خلال طيات رواية كان لي قلب، فنرى الكاتب قد استلهم النصوص الدينية  لتصبح امتدادا لنصه الجديد، فرواية كان لي قلب تحاكي النص الديني وفق مقاييس تتسع لتعرجات النص الروائي، مقاييس لا حدود لها في ومضات جديدة  ومتنوعة في النص الجديد.
جماليات مفارقة الجناس في الشعر الصوفي إلى نهاية القرن السابع الهجري
Authors: كردي منال , الخاقاني عقيل
Published: September 2024

إنَّ الشِّعر الصوفي عالم خاص, متحرر من كل قيدٍ, عالم يجمع بين الباطن والظاهر بصورة تدهش المتلقي وتكسر أفق توقعه, ولما كانت هذه مزايا هذا الشعر الذي يعد الجناس من أهم مقومات بنائه التشكيلي  لذا حاولنا ربطه بـ ( المفارقة) التي تعدُّ من الأساليب المهيمنة في النص الصوفي، ثم بيان الجمالية التي حققتها المفارقة في النصوص الصوفية.
     فكان الجناس من الأساليب البديعية التي أدت إلى خلق مفارقة اتسمت بسمة جمالية من خلال الجمع بين اللفظين المتشابهين في الحروف والمختلفين في المعنى، مما أدى إلى كسر أفق التوقع لدى القارئ ومن ثمّ حقق المفارقة
تهافت النفس امام المغريات الدنيوية ..دراسة تفسيرية
Authors: عباس زينب , عنوز صباح
Published: September 2024

فقد مَّنَ الله علينا إذ أنزَلَ كتابه الكريم على نبيه الأمين تبياناً لكل شيء فجعله مائدة دائمة للعقول تغور في معارفه التي لا تنضب إلى يوم القيامة، فهو كلام الله الذي لا يأتيه الباطل مِن بين يديه ولا مِن خلفه تنزيل مِن حكيمٍ حميد، فتمر عليه الأيام فلا تزيده إلاّ طراوة وكأنَّه أُنزِل لأهلِ الزمانِ الذين ينظرون فيه فعلومه ومنها التفسير لم تتوقف في مدة من الزمن أو مرحلة مِن مراحل التاريخ سواء كان ذلك في الدراسات التي قدَّمها المسلمون أو المستشرقون فدأبت عقولهم  كفرَاشات تدور في رياض القرآن لتجني غذاءً طيباً للأبدان والقلوب فكلّ جيل يمر على كتاب الله يأخذ نصيبه مِن علومه فيترك بصمة لمَن يخلفُه.
وانطلاقاً مِن هذا المعنى ولترك بصمة في هذا المجال أقوم بهذا الجهد المتواضع الذي آمل مِن الله أن يتقبله ويضاعفه.
السلطة والتقييم كاستراتيجيات للشرعنة في خطابات ترامب العامة
Authors: رحيم صادق , عبيد ازهار
Published: September 2024

تعنى هذه الدراسة باستخدام التحليل النقدي للخطاب لتحليل وتحديد الاستراتيجيات الرئيسية لإضفاء الشرعنة في خطاب دونالد ترامب العام. وعلى وجه التحديد ، تتناول الدراسة كيفية ترابط الجوانب والقضايا السياسية مع أسس الأيديولوجيات والتلاعب في الخطاب السياسي في عملية "الشرعنة". وبهذا ، تهدف هذه الرسالة إلى (1) اكتشاف استراتيجيات الشرعنة التي تمت معالجتها في خطاب ترامب العام ، (2) تحديد استراتيجيات الشرعنة الأكثر شيوعًا في خطاب ترامب العام.    ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة واختبار فرضياتها ، أتبع الإجراءات الأتية: (1) مسح الدراسات الخطابية النقدية لتحليل النص المرتبط بالخطابات السياسية الرئاسية والفاعلين الاجتماعيين ، (2) مراجعة الدراسات المتعلقة بالشرعنة ، من حيث التعريف والأنواع والوظائف والاستراتيجيات والنماذج ، (3) تطوير نموذج لتحليل عينة الدراسة ، (4) اختيار بعض المواقف المعتمدة المأخوذة من خطابات ترامب العامة لتكون بيانات التحليل ، و (5) إجراء تحليل نوعي للنصوص المختارة في ضوء ما تم تطويره في نموذج التحليل مدعومًا ببعض النتائج والنسب الإحصائية.
     كشفت نتائج التحليل أن قيمة الأهمية الاحصائية كانت موثوقة ، وهذا يؤكد صحة الفرضية الأولى القائلة بأن ترامب يتلاعب باستراتيجيات الشرعنة المختلفة التي تعزز أيديولوجياته تجاه القضايا السياسية ، حيث تم استخدام مثل هذه الاستراتيجيات الخطابية لإضفاء الشرعنة على مختلف القضايا السياسية والاقتصادية اضافة الى القرارات والتهديدات المتعلقة بالسياقات الأيديولوجية المختلفة مثل قضايا الشرق الأوسط والإرهاب والهجرة والأزمة الاقتصادية العالمية.
British Women and their obtainment of Membership in the House of Commons (1918-1927)
Authors: Mohammed Israa , AL-Musawi Rabee
Published: September 2024

The Qualification of Women Act, which granted women the right to membership in the House of Commons and to participate in its debates, is a positive step that complements a law previously approved by the British government in the same year, which is the law granting women the right to vote after years of hard work and tireless efforts, a positive step that has proven Through it, the feminist segment and its presence in a society dominated by male dependence.These laws came as an appreciation for the feminist effort, and in appreciation of the active roles that the country’s women exercised during the years of World War I.The law received positive reactions when it was discussed in Parliament, as it is an inevitable and natural result after granting them the right to vote Since women have always been eligible to vote, it is logical that they are eligible to sit in the House of Commons.
Performance Comparison of Support Vector Machines, AdaBoost, and Random Forest for Sentiment Text Analysis and Classification
Authors: Salman Ahmed Hussein , Al-Jawher Waleed Ameen Mahmoud
Published: September 2024

In sentiment analysis, text analysis becomes an important process to derive useful information from the unstructured data. In this work, we study the performance of three advanced machine learning algorithms, Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest, and AdaBoost, for a specific sentiment classification task. Each classifier was trained and evaluated on principal metrics such as Area Under the Curve (AUC), Classification Accuracy (CA), F1-Score, Precision, and Recall using the Bag of Words model for feature extraction. Those results show that the Random Forest approach beat both SVM and AdaBoost, with an AUC of 0.988, CA = 0.915, and F1-Score = 0.915 SVM demonstrated moderate performance with an AUC of 0.939 and an F1-Score of 0.845, while AdaBoost exhibited the worst performance in all metrics based on that ensemble model-based classifiers for data change predictions. Random Forest may thus be a powerful machine learning technique to implement for sentiment analysis in text.
Panorama epidemiológico das Internações por Neoplasia Maligna do Colo do Útero no Brasil em 2024
Authors: Cardoso Mayara , Dos Reis Larissa Moreira , Do Amaral Rian Thiele , Quintanilha Pedro Guilherme Felix , Araujo Bruna Elblink , Abdu Larissa de Sá , Barreto João Vítor Diniz , Gazal Bruna Moreira , Campos Clara Tibau , Mattos Amanda Aded Moreira , De Lucena Isadora Bezerra , Noacco Pedro Henrique Pimenta , Diniz Ana Carolina Oliveira , Tacão Letícia Carvalho , Mendes João Gabriel Siqueira , Amorim Ligia Rebecca Mota , Arruda Michel Patrik de Sousa , Miolla Natalia Gonçalves , Moreira Paulo Henrique de Oliveira
Published: September 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: A neoplasia maligna do colo do útero, ou câncer cervical, é uma importante causa de mortalidade feminina, especialmente em países em desenvolvimento. No Brasil, o câncer cervical representa um desafio significativo para a saúde pública. Este estudo epidemiológico analisa as internações hospitalares por câncer cervical em 2024, focando na distribuição geográfica, características demográficas e variações mensais, para entender desigualdades regionais e apoiar políticas públicas mais eficazes. OBJETIVO: Este estudo visa quantificar e analisar as taxas de internações por neoplasia maligna do colo do útero no Brasil no primeiro semestre de 2024. METODOLOGIA: O estudo retrospectivo com abordagem quantitativa utilizou dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS (SIH/SUS), fornecidos pelo Departamento de Informática do SUS (TABNET/DATASUS). A análise abrangeu internações por neoplasia maligna do colo do útero no Brasil de janeiro de 2024 a junho de 2024, empregando estatística descritiva e tabulação em planilhas do Microsoft Excel 2016 e Microsoft Word 10. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: Entre janeiro e junho de 2024, o total de internações por neoplasia maligna do colo do útero no Brasil foi de 14.648, com a região Sudeste apresentando o maior número de casos (5.793), seguida pela Região Nordeste (3.796). A Região Norte teve o menor número de internações (1.059). Observa-se uma variação mensal significativa, com um pico em abril. Estes dados destacam a desigualdade regional na incidência e reforçam a necessidade de políticas regionais direcionadas ao combate do câncer cervical. CONCLUSÃO: Portanto, os dados de internações por câncer de colo do útero de janeiro a junho de 2024 evidenciam variações mensais e regionais. A alta incidência nas Regiões Sudeste, Nordeste e Sul e a persistente baixa nas Regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste ressaltam a necessidade de melhorias na infraestrutura de saúde e estratégias para reduzir desigualdades regionais. É crucial promover acesso equitativo ao tratamento para garantir diagnóstico e tratamento eficazes em todo o Brasil.
Terapias Adjuvantes no Cuidado Pós-Operatório de Cirurgias Cardíacas: Uma Revisão Integrativa.
Authors: Werner da França Pires Leal Maria Eduarda , Costa Jacó Pammella , Braga Fagundes Anna Luísa , Sánchez Martinez Amanda , Bezerra Moura Cavalcante Luciana , Abner Rosa Ravan , Pereira Bernardi Guilherme , Moreira e Silva Doria Crisóstomo Daniella , Rocha Tommasi André , Rolim Barreto Cavalcante Karina , Rocha Vasconcelos Marcelo , Oliveira Santos José Henrique , Alfredo Cezar Brito Luís , Ribeiro Lima Silva Maria Victoria , Lopes Cacau Bruna , Leal Duarte Filho Welson , De Melo Bezerra da Silva João Guilherme , Sousa Porto Irla Brena , Monteiro Neves Alexandre , Oliveira Galindo Rebeca , Medeiros Neves de Carvalho Camila , Serafim Barbosa Silas , Paraguassu Barreto Amanda Isadora , Godinho de Souza Ferreira Silva Pedro Augusto , De Almeida Temporal Soares João Vitor , Menezes Neves Priscila , Da Silva Ribeiro Juan Guillerme , Pereira Rodrigues João Pedro
Published: September 2024

Este estudo realizou uma revisão narrativa para avaliar o impacto das terapias adjuvantes nopós-operatório de cirurgias cardíacas. Foram analisados 22 estudos clínicos recentes queenvolveram pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas, abordando intervençõesfarmacológicas, suporte nutricional, reabilitação precoce e suporte psicossocial. As evidênciassugerem que o uso combinado de paracetamol e anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (AINEs) éeficaz no controle da dor, embora os AINEs sejam frequentemente evitados devido a potenciaisefeitos adversos. Intervenções como o uso de dexmedetomidina e suporte nutricionalmostraram benefícios na redução do tempo de internação e no controle da dor, mas requeremcautela devido aos riscos associados. Programas de reabilitação física e intervençõespsicossociais também demonstraram melhorar a recuperação funcional e a qualidade de vidados pacientes. Conclui-se que a implementação de terapias adjuvantes no pós-operatório podeotimizar a recuperação e reduzir complicações em pacientes submetidos a cirurgias cardíacas.
Análise de internações referentes ao ligamento cruzado anterior entre 2013-2022.
Authors: Melgaço Silva Cunha Lucas , Moriyama Lukas Eiki , Mesquita Andrade Alex Felipe , Hashimoto Camila Saemi , Azevedo Silva Gustavo Flavio , Miranda Ely Marina , De Assunção Soares Hugo Giovanni , Lima de Siqueira Arthur , Taques de Carvalho Juliana , Regis Rodrigues dos Santos Raul , Ribeiro de Barros Letícia , Rodrigues de Medeiros Gabrielli , Serrat Madeira Bruno
Published: September 2024

Introdução: a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é um procedimento cirúrgico envolvendo 80% das cirurgias ligamentares do joelho. A cirurgia de reconstrução do LCA envolve a substituição do ligamento danificado por um enxerto. Para avaliar o LCA, o teste mais usado é o de Lachman. As lesões são classificadas em três diferentes graus segundo a American Medical Association, sendo a lesão de grau III a ruptura total do LCA. Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo utilizando dados do Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do SUS para a análise da quantidade de procedimentos envolvendo a reconstrução do LCA. Utilizou-se o software Microsoft Excel para análise. Resultados: foram aprovadas 70026 Autorização de Internação Hospitalar (AIH). A maior parte ocorreu na região sudeste (48%) e a região norte apresentou o menor número de casos (3%). Observa-se que a reconstrução do  LCA, representa 0,9% dos processos cirúrgicos do aparelho osteomuscular (AOM). No período analisado, foram autorizados, de verba pública, R$8.340.838.943,49 relacionados com cirurgias do AOM. Já em reconstrução do LCA, foram R$ R$ 187.143.183,42, o que representa 2,1% do valor. Conclusão: O número de AIH aprovadas e os gastos seguem uma proporção exata dentre as regiões do país. Por fim, conclui-se que a reconstrução do LCA engloba 0,9% dos processos cirúrgicos do AOM aprovados pelo SUS e 2,1% dos valores para repasse envolvidos nesses processos.
Complicações Obstétricas Associadas à Obesidade Materna Revisão de Literatura
Authors: Jane cris da silva  , Charles frederico Rocha  , Janete Dias Pimentel  , Tiago da silva carvalho  , Rafaella Garcia Guedes da Silva  , Daniela Silvestre Bertoli  , Ivana Moreira Pontes Porciuncula  , Maria Hellen Marinho Sales  , Jaqueline Garcia de Freitas  , Natana Ribeiro Ferreira
Published: September 2024

A gravidez é um período de felicidade para a mulher, mas que também requer cuidados especiais. O propósito deste estudo é examinar a literatura científica em relação aos problemas causados pela obesidade durante a gestação para a mãe e o bebê. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e os bancos de dados LILACS, MEDLINE e BDENF, com os descritores em saúde (DeCS) "Gravidez" e "Obesidade". Após a seleção criteriosa, foram identificados 82 artigos, dos quais 10 foram escolhidos por estarem alinhados com o tema proposto. Os artigos incluídos estavam disponíveis em português e inglês, publicados entre 2016 e 2021, abordando a temática desejada e não mais antigos que 2016. Os resultados indicaram que a obesidade pode acarretar complicações graves a curto e longo prazo para a mãe e o bebê. Para as gestantes, há o risco de desenvolver diabetes gestacional, pré-eclâmpsia, hipertensão gestacional, cesariana e mortalidade materna; enquanto para os bebês há a possibilidade de serem grandes para a idade gestacional, macrossomia e mortalidade perinatal. Assim, é responsabilidade da enfermagem orientar as mulheres sobre questões alimentares antes da gravidez e fornecer aconselhamento nutricional durante o pré-natal, garantindo um ganho de peso adequado tanto para a mãe quanto para o bebê.