bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Impact of Trauma and Psychosocial Processes on the Quality of Life in Individuals Living with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Glynn Heidi , Apputhurai Pragalathan , Moore Gregory T , Knowles Simon R
Published: August 2022

Background and Aims: Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common in individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Living with a medical condition has been linked to the development of PTSD and to adversely impact patient outcomes. The aim of this study is to extend the common sense model (CSM) and evaluate trauma as an additional psychosocial process in the relationship between IBD symptoms and quality of life (QoL).

Method: A cross-sectional online study exploring trauma and IBD was performed.

Results: 68 (32.2%) of the sample met the criteria for PTSD. Of this trauma group, 37 (54.4%) reported IBD related trauma, 21 (30.9%) reported non-IBD related trauma and 10 (14.7%) did not identify the trauma type. A structural equation model (SEM) based upon the CSM was found to have an excellent fit (χ2 (3)=1.10, p=0.35, RMSEA=0.02, SRMR=0.02, CFI=1.00, GFI=0.99). Results showed that trauma symptoms partially mediated the relationship between illness perceptions and QoL and fully mediated the relationship between maladaptive coping and QoL.

Conclusion: This study extended the CSM and found that trauma symptoms functioned as a mediator between IBD activity and QoL. These results highlight the need for a holistic approach including psychological assessment and intervention in IBD.
Trends in the Diversity of Pediatric Faculty: 2000 to 2020
Authors: Omoruyi Emma A. , Orr Colin J. , Russell Greg , Montez Kimberly
Published: August 2022

OBJECTIVE

Academic medicine diversity is important for addressing health disparities and training the next generation. A recent study highlighted the lack of diversity among pediatric trainees over time. However, trends in US pediatric faculty diversity have not been clearly illuminated. The aim of this study is to evaluate pediatric faculty diversity trends and compare racial/ethnic representation between pediatric faculty and the US population.

METHODS

Repeat cross-sectional study of the Association of American Medical Colleges Faculty Roster of pediatric faculty from 2000 to 2020. Trends in sex, race, ethnicity, and rank were compared with the Cochran-Armitage test. Data on faculty race/ethnicity were compared with the general and child population by using US Census Bureau data.

RESULTS

Trends in underrepresented in medicine (URiM) faculty representation significantly increased at all ranks: professor (+3.5%, P < .0001), associate professor (+3.0%, P = .0001), and assistant professor (+2.5%, P = .0001). URiM male representation remained unchanged (P = .14), whereas significantly increased trends occurred in URiM female representation (+3.4%, P < .0001). African American/Black males significantly decreased representation at associate (-0.4%, P = .04) and assistant professor levels (-0.6%, P < .0001), and American Indian/Alaska Native males significantly decreased representation at the assistant professor rank (-0.1%, P < .0001). The percentage of URiM pediatric faculty representation was considerably lower compared with 2020 US overall and longitudinal child population representation.

CONCLUSION

The stagnation of URiM male representation and lack of faculty diversity reflective of the US population may have a critical impact on the ability to recruit/retain a diverse pediatric workforce and promote equitable care.
Diferentes intervenções de fisioterapia na melhora da sensibilidade plantar e equilíbrio de idosas
Authors: Trennepohl Cátia , Thum Cristina , Rosa Carolina Böettge , Costa Dinara Hansen
Published: August 2022

Objetivo: comparar os efeitos de dois diferentes protocolos de fisioterapia no tratamento da sensibilidade plantar e equilíbrio em idosas da comunidade do município de Panambi. Métodos: ensaio clínico piloto, quantitativo e descritivo. As participantes responderam questionário sobre condições de saúde e autopercepção de sensibilidade plantar. Após, passaram por avaliação da sensibilidade plantar com estesiômetro Semmes-Weinstein. Foram selecionadas apenas idosas com sensibilidade diminuída. O equilíbrio foi avaliado através da Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg e teste Timed Up and Go. As 13 participantes selecionadas foram divididas em grupo sensibilidade plantar e grupo proprioceptivo, com a realização de 10 intervenções com cada grupo, com estímulo específico conforme alocação nos grupos. Após houve a reavaliação das participantes com estesiômetro, Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg e Timed Up and Go. As comparações das variáveis quantitativas foram realizadas através do teste t de Student, com nível de significância adotado de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: 12 idosas concluíram o estudo, porém apenas cinco relataram perceber diminuição de sensibilidade plantar. As regiões plantares com maior perda de sensibilidade foram nos metatarsos, região lateral do pé e calcâneo. Já a região medial, apresentou menor perda sensorial. Após os treinos, ambos os grupos mostraram melhora estatisticamente significativa na sensibilidade plantar. Já no equilíbrio, o grupo sensibilidade plantar apresentou resultados estatisticamente significativos no teste Timed Up and Go e o grupo proprioceptivo na Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg. Conclusão: os treinos mostraram-se efetivos na sensibilidade plantar e equilíbrio das participantes, indicando que a combinação dessas intervenções no tratamento do controle postural é uma boa opção para fisioterapeutas.
Effect of hydrolytic degree on antioxidant activity and functional properties of Acetes japonicus proteolysate
Authors: Vo T.D.L. , Nguyen V.K. , Nguyen T.T.P. , Vo B.C. , Nguyen T.T.T.
Published: August 2022

This study aims to examine the effect of hydrolysis degree (DH) on both antioxidant activity and functional properties of Acetes japonicus proteolysate (AP). Consequently, the AP showed the highest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity (SA) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) at DH of 66.7%. Whereas, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) cation radical (ABTS•+) SA and superoxide anion radical (O2
•–) SA of the AP peaked at DH of 75.8%. In addition, its strongest Fe2+-chelating rate was found at DH of 72.1%. In the pH range from 3 to 8, the AP showed solubility over 55% even after heat treating, foaming capacity (FC) of 5.7–80.0%, foaming stability (FS) of 2.9–77.0%, emulsifying-activity index (EAI) of 16.1–56.3 m2 g−1, and emulsifying stability index (ESI) of 12.4–156.7 min. The highest water-holding capacity (WHC) and oil-holding capacity (OHC) of the AP were observed at DH of 66.7% and 50.6%, respectively. This study enhanced value of the Acetes by producing antioxidant AP possessing functionalities.
The Computational Complexity of ReLU Network Training Parameterized by Data Dimensionality
Authors: Froese Vincent , Hertrich Christoph , Niedermeier Rolf
Published: August 2022

Understanding the computational complexity of training simple neural networks with rectified linear units (ReLUs) has recently been a subject of intensive research. Closing gaps and complementing results from the literature, we present several results on the parameterized complexity of training two-layer ReLU networks with respect to various loss functions. After a brief discussion of other parameters, we focus on analyzing the influence of the dimension d of the training data on the computational complexity. We provide running time lower bounds in terms of W[1]-hardness for parameter d and prove that known brute-force strategies are essentially optimal (assuming the Exponential Time Hypothesis). In comparison with previous work, our results hold for a broad(er) range of loss functions, including lp-loss for all p ∈ [0, ∞]. In particular, we improve a known polynomial-time algorithm for constant d and convex loss functions to a more general class of loss functions, matching our running time lower bounds also in these cases.
Photodegradation of methyl orange based on manganese-substituted bismuth ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Umar Ahmad , Ruby Subburaj , Inbanathan Savariroyan Stephen Rajkumar , Rosaline Daniel Rani , Kumar Rajesh , Algadi Hassan , Ibrahim Ahmed A , Show Pau Loke , Baskoutas Sotirios
Published: August 2022

Herein, a microwave-assisted approach for the synthesis of manganese (II) (Mn2+)-doped bismuth ferrite (BMFO) nanoparticles is presented. Various techniques were used to examine the structure, morphology and electrical characteristics of the as-synthesized BMFO nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction and Raman analysis revealed a rhombohedral distorted perovskite structure with space group R3c. The crystallite size of BMFO was found to be 18.77 nm. Scanning electron microscopy studies of the BMFO nanoparticles showed the highly agglomerated nature of the particles. The ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectrum of BMFO revealed a bandgap of 1.56 eV, which was smaller than the bandgap of pure bismuth ferrite (2.41 eV). The methyl orange (MO) dye degradation behavior of the synthesized BMFO was examined for a dye sample solution in the presence of solar radiation. After 120 min, irradiation resulted in 81.08% photodegradation of the MO dye. Kinetic studies demonstrated a pseudo-first-order rate mechanism for the photodegradation of the MO dye. The corresponding coefficient of determination R 2 and t 1/2 were 0.92864 and 63.0 min, respectively. Finally, a methodology for the degradation of MO dye using BMFO is proposed.
The Festivalisation of London’s Parks: The Friends’ Perspective
Authors: Smith Andrew , Osborn Guy , Vodicka Goran
Published: August 2022

London’s parks are used regularly as venues for festivals and events. A wide range of occasions are staged every year: from multi-day music festivals to community fun days. The attractive and flexible spaces that park settings provide, and their symbolic role as representative civic spaces, mean they are obvious venues. In the period 2010­–2019, the number of events staged in London’s parks grew with new commercial festivals introduced to help compensate for funding shortfalls. This led to concerns about disruptions to everyday use and about the impacts of large-scale events on the environmental condition of parks. Given the potential for positive impacts, but also the noted concerns, this chapter explores the range of festivals staged in London’s parks and assesses the range of impacts they have. The report is based on a survey of ‘Friends of Parks’ groups undertaken in the Spring of 2020. The survey asked representatives from Friends groups about events that were staged in their parks in 2019. The findings showed that there were many perceived positive impacts of festivals and events, especially when local groups were involved in planning and organising them. However, concerns were expressed over the increasing number and size of commercial music festivals and the ways these reduced park accessibility, damaged park environments and disrupted park use, affecting the status of urban parks as accessible public spaces. The chapter concludes with a series of recommendations regarding the regulation and management of festivals which are relevant to public parks in London and beyond.
‘Messing About in Boats’: The Heritage Livescape of Glasgow’s Canal and Clydebuilt Festivals
Authors: Koumpouzi Eleni , Kosmala Katarzyna , Rice Gareth
Published: August 2022

This chapter draws on a study which assesses festivals staged on two waterways: the Forth and Clyde Canal and the River Clyde in Glasgow. Glasgow Canal Festival aims to celebrate the canal’s rich heritage and its importance to local communities by encouraging use of regenerated areas in North Glasgow. Clydebuilt Festival celebrates the river, the importance of being on the water and the accessibility of boats and crafts for public use. The participants in this research were members of transient local communities who participated in boat building and boat handling workshops prior to the events. Ethnographic observations of the participants showcasing their workshop outcomes at these festivals generated the research data. The study recognises that transient local communities struggle to establish identity, belonging and agency and that festivals based in post- industrial waterscapes are part of the effort to ‘claim distinction’ and establish ‘a sense of place’. The paper introduces the notion of the heritage waterscape as a contested livescape, differentiating it from Lefebvre’s ‘lived space’, as an activated life-world where communities, through practicing heritage through the festivals, claim their own voice in the place-making process and the publicness of space. Engaging in active participation with the heritage livescape demands an understanding of perceptions of the past as much as the present use value of the waterways for locals. Whilst the notion of ‘local community’ is shot through with tensions, the study revealed aspects of local participation in the two festivals that directly affect place-making processes. Thus, we argue for the value of activating urban festivals as ways to make sense of place and facilitate the integration for marginalised communities.
Semiotics of Edinburgh’s Festival City Place-Myth: Management and Community Stakeholders’ Visual Representations of Festival Spaces
Authors: Todd Louise
Published: August 2022

This chapter explores how two distinct strategic management and local community stakeholder groups engage with a festival city through their visual portrayals of spaces. Informed by festival city discourses and a hallmark event tourism stakeholder typology, it considers the semiotics of Edinburgh’s place-myth, as the ‘world’s leading festival city’. Today, eleven annual city-based festivals form the Festivals Edinburgh strategic umbrella organisation; they attract 4.5 million attendances from 70 countries worldwide; and they generate £313 million for Scotland’s economy. Edinburgh’s evolution as the festival city has seen destination managers’ leveraging its festivals to drive event tourism. Indeed, recent strategies recommend sustaining Edinburgh’s festival city status and promotion of its brand worldwide. Nevertheless, contemporary discourses have witnessed residents and media criticise commercial agendas of staging year-round festivals in Edinburgh’s historic centre; with accusations of destination managers’ commodification of these, marking Edinburgh as ‘the city for sale’. Semiotics uncovers layers of meaning and myth through studying systems of ‘signs’. This chapter applies a semiotic lens to stakeholders’ perspectives of Edinburgh as the festival city. It draws from digital images shared by destination management stakeholders, then from a participative visual map of the festival city. The map was co-created by community members of Wester Hailes, which is in South West Edinburgh, outside the central festival area. In terms of findings, projected and portrayed imagery from both stakeholder groups displayed shared semiotic characteristics of the festival city construct. Nevertheless, the distribution of imagery across urban space in the city varied between the groups. In exploring management and community stakeholders’ images of signs, and spaces, the chapter reflects upon the idealised view of the festival city, alongside its socio-cultural environment of inclusion and accessibility. Furthermore, it uncovers the semiotic narratives that sustain the visual culture, consumption, and place-myth of the festival city.
Are Stocks Pricing in Recession Risks? Evidence from Dividend Futures
Authors: Ibert Markus , Vazquez-Grande Francisco , Knox Ben
Published: August 2022

Since the beginning of this year, broad equity price indexes around the world have declined significantly. In interpreting the declines, market commentaries have highlighted the risks to the economic outlook in the United States and other advanced economies.
Maltrato al anciano de la ciudad de Manizales: una mirada desde el género
Authors: Cartagena Molina Eliana Alexandra , Curcio Borrero Carmen Lucia
Published: August 2022

Objetivo. Comprender las vivencias de maltrato de personas mayores. Metodología. A partir del enfoque hermenéutico se entrevistaron ocho personas participantes en el International Mobility in Aging Studies. Resultados y conclusión. En el contexto de relaciones familiares patriarcales, con roles de género marcados por la subordinación de la mujer, las vivencias de maltrato son de diversos tipos y en general corresponden a los descritos en la literatura: abandono, descuido, negligencia, maltrato psicológico y físico. Se trata de familias que no funcionan adecuadamente y presentan situaciones problemáticas desde sus relaciones, desde la expectativa de cuidado y desde los círculos de violencia, visión que le resta responsabilidad al sujeto que ejerce maltrato. Aunque hay diferencias por género, todos expresan sentimientos de desvalorización y dependencia. El compromiso con el maltrato al anciano debe ser interdisciplinario e intersectorial, recoger la voz de los ancianos y reconocerlos como sujetos de derechos específicos con características y necesidades diferenciadas.
Exploring the clergy's role in supporting family caregivers of relatives living with stroke
Authors: Mthembu T , Kniepmann K
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND: Stroke is an acute neurological event that creates extensive life changes for survivors and their family caregivers. Religion, spirituality, and congregational resources can support caregivers' quality of life, but little is known about the role that the clergy has in support of caregivers. AIM: This study explored clergy's roles in supporting family caregivers of relatives with stroke. METHODS: An exploratory-descriptive qualitative study was conducted with nine participants who were in a purposeful sample recruited from the faith organisations. A focus group discussion and interviews were performed for data collection. Data were thematically analysed in a credible manner through prolonged engagement and peer examination to enhance trustworthiness. RESULTS: Fives themes that contextualised the abilities of the clergies and their role in supporting families were identified: 1) the importance of spirituality; 2) occupational role of clergy and congregational contributions; 3) family dynamics; 4) caregiver's responsibilities and 5) vision of possibilities. CONCLUSION: This study provided insight into the roles of the clergy of clergies as part of the interprofessional teams that support family caregivers of relatives with stroke. Furthermore, the study highlights that there is a need for clinicians, clergies, and families to collaborate so that they may exchange ideas for community stroke support programmes.
Factors influencing prevention and early intervention within the disability claims management process: South African insurer's perspective
Authors: Howell K , Govender P , Naidoo D
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: The disability claims management process may be divided into four stages: prevention, early intervention, rehabilitation, and return to work. There are various stakeholders involved in the process and various factors that influence the process. Currently, there is a lack of literature that creates insight into the prevention and early intervention stages. METHOD: An explorative qualitative study was conducted with 26 purpo-sively sampled stakeholders from the disability insurance sector. Qualitative data from virtual individual semi-structured interviews were inductively thematically analysed, using NVIVO Pro 12, to establish emergent themes. RESULTS: Four inhibiting and four facilitating factors emerged from the data analysis. Inhibitors included: psycho-social-economic hardship, group insurer inhibitors, disability stigma and deconditioning and poor health, and disability understanding. Facilitators included: group insurer facilitators, a remain-at-work (RAW) approach, medical and vocational management, and social and occupational support. The overarching theme emphasised disability as a complex phenomenon influenced by various medical and non-medical factors CONCLUSIONS: The complexity of a disability contributes to the disability claims management process, which lacks focus on prevention and early intervention. Despite this complexity, retaining an employee at work while receiving early intervention emerged as a meaningful approach to decreasing the likelihood of the employee's ill health progressing to long-term disability.
Occupational therapy clinical report writing in South Africa - factors influencing current practice
Authors: Jay J , Franzsen D , van Niekerk M , de Witt P
Published: August 2022

INTRODUCTION: Report writing is considered an essential competency for all health professionals. Current research indicates that this area of professional practice appears to be routinely neglected or poorly executed. Previous studies have aimed at understanding the reasons for this neglect; however studies specific to occupational therapy practice are lacking. PURPOSE: This study aimed to explore occupational therapists' perceptions of the factors influencing current practice in report writing within the South African context. METHOD: This qualitative study included six focus group interviews with occupational therapy participants from a variety of clinical sites, fields of practice and health sectors in South Africa, with the exception of medicolegal practice. The qualitative data were inductively analysed to determine specific themes to understand the research question. RESULTS: While occupational therapists voiced uncertainty about ethical and legal aspects concerning report writing, certain profession-specific challenges, such as professional identity and the use of professional language, are perceived to cause a disconnect between the occupational therapists' reporting and their clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of the study indicate that participants were unsure of the details regarding the legal and ethical requirements of practice for report writing and voiced both positive and some negative sentiments in terms of reflecting professional identity and profession-specific, occupation-based language, acknowledging the challenge of being in a medical setting. The complexity of writing occupational therapy reports was perceived to be influenced by the audience receiving reports, which varied widely.
A review of readiness assessments for mining projects
Authors: Mulder H. , Bekker M.C.
Published: August 2022

The objective of this paper is to describe the research followed in creating a generalized, readiness assessment tool for mining projects. We start by highlighting the need for the assessment tool and then progress towards explaining the methodology followed during the study. The selection and finalization of the list of elements, sections, and categories that make up the unweighted values are described, followed by a summary of the weighting process applied. The outcome of this process is a weighted readiness assessment tool for mining project studies. The main benefits of the tool are that it will guide decision-makers and project managers through the definition phases of the project and improve the likelihood of project success.
Quality control in tailings resource exploration at Havelock Mine, Eswatini
Authors: Gan S. , Birrell L. , Robbertze D. , Zhao B. , van Niekerk E. , Ncubi L.
Published: August 2022

Quality assurance and quality control (or QAQC) plays a key role in safeguarding the level of confidence of the data generated during mineral exploration and mine development, and is also part of the reporting code requirements for resource estimation and reporting, as well as mining investment. Implementation of good policies and working protocols in quality management will result in the generation of reliable information, which is critical for decision-making on the future of the mining project. The use of certified reference materials, i.e., standard, blank, and duplicate samples, proves effective and efficient for ensuring the level of data confidence in terms of precision, accuracy, and sample contamination. This is well demonstrated by the practice of QC in the exploration programme for the chrysotile tailings storage facilities of Havelock Mine, using 1254 samples from 53 drill-holes. Different statistical tools were applied to analyse the assay results from these samples. The outcome substantiates that the QC practice established during the Havelock exploration project is aligned to best practice guidelines in the industry. The resource delineated indicates that the tailings material at Havelock could potentially become a significant source of supply to the global magnesium market.
Economic analysis of rare earth element processing methods for Mountain Pass ore
Authors: Uysal T.
Published: August 2022

The increasing demand for rare earth elements (REE) in highly strategic sectors such as hybrid electric vehicles, renewable energy, communication technologies, and the defense industry has made REE production methods important. In recent years, studies on REE have increased rapidly; however there are many studies on REE, there are not enough studies in the literature on the economics of the beneficiation process. RE ores are generally leached after beneficiation by gravity, magnetic and flotation methods. In this study, direct leaching, attrition scrubbing and leaching, and flotation and leaching methods are evaluated economically based on the data for the Mountain Pass (MP) facility. According to the sensitivity analysis performed as a function of capital cost (CAPEX), operating cost (OPEX), and rare earths oxides (REO) recovery, REO recovery has the biggest effect on the process economies. Although the flotation method entails additional investment and operating costs, transportation and operating costs are significantly reduced result of the higher grade and recovery. The flotation method is more profitable, with larger NPV and IRR values and a shorter payback period.
Probability of failure and factor of safety in the design of interramp angles in a large open iron ore mine
Authors: Torres V.F. Navarro , Dockendorff R. , Sotomayor J.M. Girao , Castro C. , Silva A.F.
Published: August 2022

This paper shows the importance of performing probabilistic analyses in open pits, especially for mine planning, which can lead to more efficient ore extraction and meeting the acceptability criteria for safety in mine slopes. Three-dimensional stability analyses were performed to evaluate the future geometry of a large open pit for iron ore extraction in Brazil. The strength parameters of the lithologies were calibrated using ruptures in the pit walls. After determining the factors of safety (FoSs) from the calibrated parameters, probabilistic analyses were performed using the total range of values of each parameter under different field conditions to verify the reliability of the initial analysis. In this sense, it was possible to plot the probability of failure (PoF) and the FoS on the graph of slope height versus slope interramp angle (IRA) for the future pit in each lithology. IRA recommendations are made for two scenarios: (1) the best scenario: dry without ubiquitous joints and (2) the worst scenario: the water table at 10 m depth with ubiquitous joints in the most unfavourable direction. The results show that probabilistic evaluation is an important tool for establishing alert mechanisms in slopes that can be termed stable.
Costs and benefits of fit-for-purpose sampling solutions
Authors: Bruce T. , Minnitt R.C.A.
Published: August 2022

Mining operations are generally reluctant to install high-cost sampling systems at operations that have been functioning for many years. The principal objection to installing appropriate equipment to extract correct and representative samples in process flows is the time and costs involved. The Theory of Sampling (TOS) provides a structured framework for identifying and quantifying the errors and bias associated with any sampling event, but this may be insufficient to initiate substantial investment in correctly designed sampling equipment. Financial losses arising from substandard sampling installations are usually disregarded because the value-add from a good quality sampling solution is invisible, but the cost is quite obvious. Depending on the needs, a less-than-perfect or fit-for-purpose sampling solution may be acceptable, provided the magnitude of sampling errors is understood and the assay results are interpreted accordingly. Categorical levels of acceptable accuracy and precision can be established depending on the sampling position in the mining value chain and the nature of the decisions to be made. The objective benefits of proposed fit-for-purpose sampling solutions should be presented to relevant decision-makers in such a way that adverse subjective decisions are countered so that appropriate solutions are implemented. Practical examples of the benefits from motivating the implementation of fit for purpose sampling solutions at sampling facilities around the world are provided.
Preventive Care Utilization among Rural vs. Urban Women 12 Months Prior to Pregnancy
Authors: Burns Reece , Keomany Jennifer , Okut Hayrettin , Ablah Elizabeth , Montgomery Holly
Published: August 2022

Introduction. Pregnancy-related mortality in the United States occurs in 32.3 per 100,000 live births. Rural maternal mortality rates are even higher, and these patients are less likely to receive routine care. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare primary and prenatal care and health behaviors among perinatal mothers living in rural and urban Kansas.
Methods. Data were collected from 1,971 pregnant women who participated in Phase 8 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) for Kansas between 2016 and 2018. Respondent location (urban or rural based on NIH classification) was abstracted from birth certificates and frequencies of healthcare visits and secondary healthcare variables were compared.
Results. Most respondents (75.1%, n = 1,481) resided in an urban area. Most (80.4%, n=1664) women were Caucasian, and 31.1% (n = 613) were 25 to 29 years old. More urban women reported having insurance via employer pre-pregnancy (P = .017) and during pregnancy (P = .015) than rural women. More urban women reported visiting an obstetrician/gynecologist within 12 months before pregnancy than rural women (P < .0001). Urban women reported attending pre-pregnancy dental visits (P = .019) and teeth cleanings (P = .004) more than rural women. Of the 35.7% of respondents (n = 516) who reported receiving pre-pregnancy counseling on folic acid, prenatal vitamins, or multivitamins, 78.9%, (n = 407) resided in an urban area.
Conclusions. Rural women reported fewer routine primary and prenatal care behaviors compared to their urban counterparts. Efforts are needed to improve access to obstetrician/gynecologist services, especially for women in rural areas.
Innovación tecnológica e hibridaciones en el lenguaje audiovisual de los noticieros peruanos durante la pandemia de la COVID-19
Authors: Karbaum-Padilla Gerardo
Published: August 2022

La llegada de la COVID-19 impuso muchas dificultades para la realización del periodismo televisivo. El peligro sanitario generalizado y las normas de distanciamiento social aplicadas se convirtieron en factores delimitantes en esta situación. En tal contexto adverso, esta investigación pretende estudiar las innovaciones tecnológicas y procedimentales que aplicaron los periodistas para seguir informando, y que trajeron como consecuencia la transformación del lenguaje audiovisual en los noticieros. El objetivo es reconocer los cambios que se aplicaron en la producción de imágenes y sonidos durante esta etapa, que afectó la creación audiovisual a escala mundial. Se empleó el enfoque cualitativo, siendo una investigación de tipo básica y descriptiva en la que se aplicó el método analítico y se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a periodistas de televisión peruanos. Los resultados permitieron reconocer las variaciones aplicadas en la reconfiguración del encuadre audiovisual y el rol homogenizador de la posproducción para organizar los contenidos informativos, los cuales fueron elaborados en este periodo no solo con dispositivos propios de la televisión, pues se sumaron otras tecnologías, como las videollamadas y los teléfonos móviles, incrementando los procesos de convergencia mediática. Concluyendo que se ha producido un nuevo estadio de hibridación del discurso audiovisual a causa de un fenómeno extrínseco al ámbito televisivo, que fue provocado por la aparición disruptiva de la pandemia.
Las nuevas cárceles en Ecuador: un ecosistema para la reproducción del crimen complejo
Authors: Pontón Daniel
Published: August 2022

La actual crisis del sistema penitenciario en Ecuador a partir de las masacres registradas en los últimos años  ha llamado   la atención de varias organizaciones nacionales e internacionales en materia de Derechos Humanos. Pese a ello, la ausencia de eficacia en poner un alto por parte del Estado a esta violencia ha llevado a la presunción de que las cárceles se han constituido en un “ecosistema criminal” perfecto para la proliferación del crimen organizado internacional. Esta investigación busca analizar los factores coadyuvantes que han permitido convertir la infraestructura de las supercárceles ecuatorianas en un adaptativo y peligroso ecosistema de criminalidad compleja que actualmente muestra nuevas y alarmantes formas de violencia. En este sentido, a través de técnicas cualitativas de revisión documental, estadísticas oficiales, entrevistas y reportes periodísticos de investigación, este artículo analiza la dinámica delincuencial del sistema penitenciario del Ecuador entre los años 2019-2021. Se argumenta que la embestida del narcotráfico, la política criminal y la dinámica delictiva y social del sistema penitenciario se han convertido en un ecosistema con capacidad de reproducción del crimen organizado a escala regional.  Este escenario complejo genera la necesidad de tener una dimensión integral del problema al que se enfrenta el Ecuador. Es necesario entonces tener una visión holística y sustentable a largo plazo en la intervención para alterar estos factores de beneficio y proyección criminal.
Operative Wound Care in Total Knee Arthroplasty v1
Authors: Mululo Luisa
Published: August 2022

Guidelines for surgical wound care for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty surgery performed at Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto.
Immunoblotting analysis of samples from GolgiTAG (TMEM115-3HA) immunoprecipitation v1
Authors: Fasimoye Rotimi
Published: August 2022

Analysis of the expression of organelle-specific markers is essential to verify the efficiency of any Golgi immunoprecipitation (IP) protocol. Here, we describe our immunoblotting method to assess efficient enrichment of Golgi proteins in Golgi immunoprecipitation products compared to whole cell lysates, as well as the purity of the immunoprecipitated Golgi by monitoring the expression of other organelles’ markers. This method can also be used to verify the expression of GolgiTAG (TMEM115-3HA) in cells that are transiently or stably transfected. Note: For a detailed description of our method for Golgi immunoprecipitation, refer to dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.6qpvrdjrogmk/v1 (Introducing GolgiTag to Cells and Immunoprecipitation of Golgi). Note: This protocol was adapted from dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bsgrnbv6 (Quantitative Immunoblotting Analysis of LRRK2 Signalling Pathway).
cDNA Library Preparation for scRNA-seq of Human Meniscus (10x Genomics) v1
Authors: not provided molmer
Published: August 2022

Samples are processed using V2 barcoding chemistry kits of 10x Genomics. For each run, 10,000 cells from individual donors arelabeled with distinct oligo-barcoded antibodies (cell hashing), enabling us to pool samples from both conditions on each 10X Genomics run and reduce batch effects.All samples from a given experiment areprocessed in parallel in the same thermal cycler. The 10x user guide can be found https://assets.ctfassets.net/an68im79xiti/1C16trEdzy1Folq5xbOijE/7e6fb1f504e130bd561d898384da99d9/CG000315_ChromiumNextGEMSingleCell3-_GeneExpression_v3.1_DualIndex__RevB.pdf and is also an attached document.
Single-Cell Isolation of Human Knee Meniscus v1
Authors: not provided hswahn
Published: August 2022

This is a protocol that describes the process of isolating single cells from human knee meniscus for scRNA-seq.
To test fork notification v.4 20220823 v2
Authors: Gasque Gabriel
Published: August 2022

Test for Fork notifications
Immunofluorescence imaging of cells expressing GolgiTAG (TMEM115-3HA) or HA-tagged non-Golgi annotated proteins v1
Authors: Fasimoye Rotimi
Published: August 2022

Immunofluorescent (IF) microscopy is a powerful tool used in cellular and molecular biology to monitor the subcellular localisation of proteins. By combining the advantages of immunostaining and confocal light microscope, IF microscopy can be used to assess the colocalization of two or more proteins within the cell. Here, we describe a method that can be used to verify the correct localisation of HA-tagged Golgi proteins (like TMEM115-3HA, or GolgiTAG), by assessing their colocalisation with known Golgi markers such as GM130, GOLGIN97 and ACBD3. Furthermore, this method can be used to investigate whether HA-tagged, non-Golgi annotated proteins transiently expressed in cells localise at the Golgi, by assessing their colocalisation with ACBD3.
Potentials of Immunonutrition in Wound Healing: A Review
Authors: WEI BOON YAP , AZIZAN NUR FARHANA , HASNOL ELYNNA AZURA , KRISHNAN KAVIPRIYA , RAJESWARAN SIVANESAN , YIN CHOW JIA , IRWAN NORAIHAN , INDRAJOTH PAVITRA , MARAN, MUNIRAH ISMAIL PRAMILA MANI , ISMAIL MUNIRAH
Published: August 2022

A delayed wound healing process can lead to detrimental complications in chronic wound patients such as tissue necrosis and systemic infections. Application of immunonutrition (IN) in experimental animal models and chronic wound patients has shown promising and improved wound healing processes. IN restores the supply of essential nutrients that are critical for cell growth and tissue repair in the wounded subjects. Several commonly found nutrients in IN formulations include polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), essential amino acids, trace elements such as zinc and vitamins. Recently, some studies suggested the use of traditionally used herbs like curcumin in IN recipes due to its efficient wound healing properties. The roles and functions of IN in wound healing encompass recruitment of white blood cells, platelets and fibroblasts into the wounded area during the coagulation and inflammation phases, enhancement of fibroblast proliferation, collagen synthesis and neovascularization in the proliferation phase; and lastly, regulation of tissue re-epithelization for wound closure and recovery. In this review, the roles and functions of individual nutrients were deliberately discussed alongside their mechanisms of action in wound healing. This aims to provide a more holistic insight into the potentials of those nutrients when used as part of IN for major wound patients. Despite its remarkable effects in wound healing, several criteria should be considered in an IN formulation: the type and severity of wounds, administration timing and mode of administration, and concoction of immune-boosting nutrients in order to ensure the optimal wound healing effects. Keywords: Wound healing; immunonutrition; PUFAs; amino acids; vitamins
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria in Adult Patients: Evaluating the Effect of Loratadine on Weight and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: SWEE KUAN HEAH , JAMIL ADAWIYAH , ARUMUGAM MOHAN , MIN MOON TANG , MUSTAFA NORLAILA
Published: August 2022

Antihistamine is standard chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) therapy. Weight gain is a side effect of concern as prolonged high dose therapy is common. We investigated the effects of 12-weeks loratadine therapy on weight, appetite and parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS). A cohort study was performed involving CSU patients aged ≥18 years. Patients with diseases or on drugs affecting weight or appetite were excluded. CSU was treated according to standard management. Weight, height, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP), Urticaria Activity Score 7 (UAS7), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), hunger and satiety questionnaire, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and fasting lipid profile (FLP) were obtained at baseline, week 6 and week 12. Loratadine cumulative dose were determined. Thirteen (33.33 %) males and 26 (66.67 %) females aged 33.00 (12.00) years participated. Median weight was 62.55 (18.30) kg, BMI 24.60 (6.80) kg/m2, 13(33.33%) patients had normal weight, 12 (30.77%) overweight, 11 (28.21%) obese and 3 (7.69%) underweight. Significant weight gain was observed at week 6, 67.56 ± 16.14 kg vs 68.16 ± 16.95 kg, p < 0.05 and 67.56 ± 16.14 kg vs 64.73 ± 14.60 kg, p = 0.04 at week 12. Changes in BMI, WC, BP, FBS and FLP were insignificant. Three patients developed MetS. Hunger and satiety scores were unaffected. Loratadine induced weight gain despite no effects on appetite. Weight should be monitored in patients on long term loratadine therapy. Keywords: Urticaria; loratadine; weight gain; metabolic syndrome; appetite
Economic Narratives and the Legitimacy of Foreign Direct Investments
Authors: Linsi Lukas
Published: August 2022

In the 1990s, the primary focus of the international investment regime shifted from the restriction and regulation towards the promotion and attraction of foreign companies. Dominant accounts in the international political economy literature emphasize the role of interests and institutions in explaining this policy shift but pay little attention to their legitimation. This article argues that transformations in dominant economic discourses—and in particular the rise of the competitiveness narrative—played an important role in granting legitimacy to this U-turn in international economic affairs. To test the argument, the article focuses on the impact of the differential changes in the portrayal of greenfield and mergers and acquisitions (M&A) inward foreign direct investments (IFDI) in economic discourses in the UK before and after the rise of the competitiveness narrative. In line with the theoretical argument, findings indicate that individuals who passed their early adulthood in a period in which the narrative of economic statism was still prevalent hold notably more skeptical views of M&A IFDI even though they are otherwise not more opposed to investments from abroad. A causal mediation analysis lends further empirical support to the argument.
“Selective Friendship at the Fund”: United States Allies, Labor Conditions, and the International Monetary Fund’s Legitimacy
Authors: Metinsoy Saliha
Published: August 2022

This article discusses the International Monetary Fund’s recent effort to garner legitimacy by incorporating the reduction of economic inequality in its lending programs. It argues that the impact of the US as a major shareholder on conditionality and geopolitical considerations beyond objective and measurable economic necessities detract from these efforts to expand legitimacy. Using a panel data analysis of International Monetary Fund programs between 1980 and 2013, the article shows that US-allied left-wing governments receive a larger number of labor conditions in their programs compared to non-allied and right-wing governments. The article argues that this is part of left-wing governments’ strategy of maintaining their alliance with the US and demonstrating ideological proximity. In exchange, the US uses its influence to secure fewer conditions in total for its allied governments. This not only shifts the burden of adjustment on labor groups but also harms the Fund’s procedural legitimacy, as conditions are not objectively determined. It also has adverse implications for outcome legitimacy by distorting economic policies and outcomes and increasing income inequality.
New drivers of industrialization and novel aspects of Hungarian-Chinese bilateral cooperation. Chinese foreign investments in Hungary
Authors: Kuttor Dániel
Published: August 2022

A number of foreign, partly East Asian producers have made investments into Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county (Northern Hungary) since the millennium. They have contributed to the renewal of the industrial structure and enlargement of manufacturing capacity. In the past decade, the meaning and significance of Chinese investment in the Miskolc agglomeration has increased. Chinese interests have been concentrated in the dominant, export-oriented branches of the regional economy. The companies (namely, Wanhua-BorsodChem, TenPao, SEG-A, JOYSON, and Chervon Auto) comprise a key and real group of members engaged in Hungarian-Chinese bilateral relations. They represent China’s industrial development and expansion around the world and in Europe, as well as strengthen the high-value-added and technology-intensive market segments in the regional economy.
The study includes two main parts. In the early sections, the evolution of Chinese economic development with a special focus on industry and industrialization are introduced, while later the related political measures and initiatives are described. Presenting an understanding of the Hungarian government’s reaction (the so-called New Foreign Economic Strategy) is part of the first half of the paper.
The Flying Geese Paradigm is the conceptual frame of the synthesis. The key research question concerns the nature of Chinese economic development: Does the development differ from previous East-Asian models of export-oriented industrialization? The author discusses opinions which consider the Chinese developments to be distinct from other Asianones according to their political and market characteristics.
In the second half of the article, the Chinese companies settled in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county are evaluated and their regional-level impacts and national-level lessons are identified and assessed. The listed Chinese investments, which differ in financial and legal forms, have emerged as some of the major employers and producers of the region. These considerable investments have accelerated the process of industrial renewal in key branches, although ultimately increasing the exposure and vulnerability of the entire manufacturing structure to external global factors. The Chinese investors are bridging Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén with diverse regions in China, East Asia. They are generating new results and raising new questions about Hungarian-Chinese bilateral cooperation that represent original experiences and knowledge gain for both sides.
This work is an attempt to detail the creation of the cluster of Chinese companies and to draw conclusions about the entrepreneurial background, the main activities, and the stories of the respective Asian parent companies. This research will be continued to support the development and embedding of the enterprises. It is crucial effort, as the latter are not only now present but essential for Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén and Hungary as well.
Cubic Transmuted Rayleigh Distribution: Theory and Application
Authors: Rahman Md. Mahabubur
Published: August 2022

In this paper, the Rayleigh distribution is generalized using the cubic transmuted (CT) family studied by Rahman et al. (in EJPAM, 12(3), 1106-1121, 2019) to propose a cubic transmuted Rayleigh distribution. An overall description is presented here for the distributional properties, parameter estimation, inference procedure, reliability behavior, and distribution of different order statistics. A real-life data set is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed distribution for modeling data.