bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes in the asymmetric dimethylarginine and endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels in pathogenesis of experimental diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Sirman Ya.V. , Savytskyi I.V. , Preys N.I.
Published: March 2021

Endothelial dysfunction associated with impaired nitric oxide excretion plays an important role in the onset and progression of diabetic retinopathy. It has been proven that a decrease in the activity of endothelial NO-synthase (еNО-S), the inhibitor of which is asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), plays an important role in this. Objective: to study the level of asymmetric dimethylarginine and endothelial nitric oxide synthase at different stages of development of diabetic retinopathy in the experiment. The study was conducted in Wistar white rats of 180-200 g weight. According to the tasks, the animals were separated into 2 groups as follows: group 1 – 60 intact animals, group 2 – 60 animals with simulated diabetic retinopathy without further correction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic retinopathy were simulated through intraperitoneal administration of Streptozotocin (Sigma, USA) diluted in 0.1M citrate buffer with pH=4.5. Streptozotocin dose of 55 mg per kg of animal weight was divided into two administrations. The streptozotocin intake was preceded by a 28-day high-fat diet. Our study showed impaired endothelial function in diabetic retinopathy, as evidenced by an increased ADMA level (p<0.001). We have determined a stepwise increase of asymmetric dimethylarginine level in blood of rats with simulated pathology which is apparent in its highest at phase 3. Pathogenetic effect of increased ADMA on еNО-S activity was verified at all experimental stages, Impairment of physiological nitric oxide synthesis in simulated pathology has been proved as evidenced by reduced activity of endothelial NO-synthase yet on the 30th day with further negative dynamics up to the 180th day (p<0.001 compared with the intact group findings).
Company’s Reparations
Authors: Tokarevskikh Anastasya Andreevna
Published: March 2021

Based on the analysis of the contemporary state of the development of the system of motivation and stimulation of labour of the personnel, the directions of improving of such processes are defined in the article. It is stated that the effective reparations management benefits to both employer and employee. Employees receiving fair salary, generous bonuses and remunerative incentives in exchange for their work will linger to their jobs, keep high performance and morale. It is noted that the issue of fair labour remuneration is highly relevant these days. The fact that the system of motivation and stimulation of personnel, allowing to solve this problem, has been developed in Russia is highlighted in the article. Author concludes that the effective reparations management contributes to employee’s involvement thus leads to the company’s success.
Intra-Abdominal Malignant Solitary Fibrous Tumor with Peritoneal Dissemination: A Case Report
Authors: Ma Vivian , Ma Vivian , Turner Lawrence , Wiltenburg Robert van , Oja Conrad D , Gurung Ananta , MacKenzie Shawn
Published: March 2021

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal tumor primarily found in the pleura, with occasional presentations in extra-pleural locations. SFTs are typically diagnosed based on compressive symptoms due to their large size. Most SFTs are benign with a low recurrence rate, with an overall good prognosis with an overall 5-year survival of over 90%. Approximately 12-22% of SFTs are malignant and are associated with a higher recurrence rate of up to 78%. Given the low incidence and sparse case series literature, no adjuvant therapies have demonstrated a survival benefit. We present the first case of abdominal malignant SFTs with peritoneal dissemination, describing the presentation, histopathology, treatment planning and surveillance.
Caracterização de competitividade de pregões eletrônicos por meio de mineração de dados
Authors: Alvarenga Ricardo Akl Lasmar de , Balaniuk Remis , Prado Hércules Antonio Do , Ferneda Edilson
Published: March 2021

Para adquirir serviços ou produtos os órgãos do Governo Federal brasileiro devem realizar uma licitação. Dentre as modalidades de compra contempladas pela licitação está o pregão eletrônico que, assim como as demais, está sujeito a fraudes. Os comportamentos dos fraudadores modificam-se constantemente e detectá-los é uma tarefa complexa. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo aferir o grau de competitividade dos pregões eletrônicos por meio da utilização de padrões obtidos pela aplicação de técnicas de Mineração de Dados (MD) no Data Warehouse (DW) das compras governamentais brasileiras. O principal resultado alcançado foi a caracterização de grupos de pregões com diferentes graus de competitividade, a partir de indicadores especificados para este fim, com base no conhecimento de especialistas do ramo.
Logística reversa para lixo eletrônico
Authors: Capuccio Marilia , Silva Renata Da Costa e , Alves Tamarcia Nava , Carvalho Camila Aparecida de , Ferneda Edilson , Guarda Graziela Ferreira
Published: March 2021

Este trabalho aborda a Logística Reversa (LR) no setor de Informática. LR é um processo de planejamento, implemen-tação e controle: (i) da eficiência e custo efetivo do fluxo de matérias-primas e de produtos em processo ou prontos, e (ii) de informações relacionadas ao produto, entre seus pontos de consumo e de origem. LR tem sido considerada uma das estratégias para lidar com equipamentos de informática obsoletos, cujo volume vem tendo crescimento significativo nos últimos anos. O objetivo é diminuir os impactos das substâncias que compõem computadores e seus periféricos no meio ambiente e na saúde da população. A partir de uma abordagem exploratória, buscou-se identificar na literatura iniciativas brasileiras relacionadas à LR de material de informática. Concluiu-se que, apesar do Brasil contar com uma legislação avançada para o tratamento de resíduos sólidos e com significativa produção acadêmica sobre esse tema, são poucas as ações para a efetiva implementação dessa legislação, sobretudo pelo setor público.
Relações entre ambiente e capacidade de inovação do setor público brasileiro
Authors: Sardinha Maíra De Barros , Queiroz-Isidro Tatiana , Toé Leonardo Vilela , Isidro Antonio , Prado Hércules Antonio Do , Silva Ana Paula Bernardi da
Published: March 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo identificar as relações entre capacidade de inovação, modelos e tipos de inovação e seus resultados no Setor Público brasileiro considerando as experiências premiadas no Concurso Inovação da Escola Nacional de Administração Pública. A partir de um referencial teórico acerca do tema inovação no setor público são discutidos os principais conceitos que sustentam os construtos envolvidos e suas relações empíricas. O construto “capacidade de inovação” refere-se à forma como as organizações públicas podem contribuir para a inovação em seus ambientes internos e, por decorrência, para a sociedade. Já “modelos de inovação” está relacionado à dinâmica das variáveis envolvidas no processo de inovação (radical, incremental ou melhoria), considerando também os tipos de inovação (serviço/produto, processo, organizacional e comunica-ção) propostos por Bloch (2011). O construto “resultados da inovação” evidencia aspectos como melhoria no clima organizaci-onal, na imagem organizacional, na entrega e/ou qualidade dos serviços e na gestão organizacional. A partir da base de casos de inovação foram testados nove algoritmos que identificaram relações entre esses construtos para indicação dos aspectos relevantes para os resultados do processo de inovação. Espera-se que tais aspectos contribuam para apoiar o direcionamento e tomadas de decisão em organizações públicas sobre a gestão deste processo. Por fim, apresenta-se recomendações gerenciais e agenda de estudos futuros.
An Exploration into the Political Economy of Global Prosperity
Authors: Sabetan Farhad
Published: March 2021

This article examines different concepts of prosperity and well-being from an economic and global perspective. Classical political economics consideredwealth to be the main source of national prosperity. The neoclassical tradition promoted the utilitarian philosophy that formed the foundation of contemporary welfare economics. After reviewing the critique of the utilitarian perspective, the article briefly discusses some alternative approaches. The strengths and weaknesses of these approaches provide a point of departure for examining global prosperity. In addition to an understanding of the concept of prosperity, an appreciation of the state of global prosperity is rendered by examining the concept of global destitution. It is argued that current economic assumptions underlying ideas about human nature and human relationships with the physical world and society are inadequate to contribute to global prosperity and that, in fact, they have contributed to global destitution. It is proposed that certain first principles need to be reexamined and that ethical perspectives need to be an integral part of any economic analysis if economics is to contribute to global prosperity. These issues are identified based on the author’s understanding of the Bahá’í literature on the spiritual orientation of the economic problem. Ethical aspects are explored for a viable, sustainable, and prosperous economic system that forms the foundation of a discussion for building a socially just and economically efficient achievement of well-being.
Study of the Pen Motif in the Baha'i Writings
Authors: Milani Kavian , Fananapazir Nafeh
Published: March 2021

This article is an introductory survey of the frequently encountered pen motif in Baha'i writings. The theological usage of the "pen" is explored along with the Islamic theological and theosophical background of the term. The pen is a metaphor for the pre-existent and creative force presented by the Manifestation of God. The pen-tablet (active-recipient) motif is the used to explore the possible correlation between two theosophocal topics--the "five divine presences" and the seven stages of "coming into being." The creative forces of the pen, undergoing examination, create five distinct realms of existence. These five realms are generated as the pen creates in descending emanation. The pen undergoes the natural order of generation, the seven stages of "coming into being," as each of the divine presences are created.
Sacropelvic Parameters and L5 Spondylolysis: Computed Tomography Analysis
Authors: Baker Joseph Frederick
Published: March 2021

Study Design: Retrospective analysis of computed tomography scans.Purpose: This study aims to determine the association of sagittal sacropelvic parameters with L5 spondylolysis.Overview of Literature: The association of increased pelvic incidence (PI) and decreased sacral table angle (STA) with spondylolysis has been reported, but no study has simultaneously analyzed multiple sacropelvic variables to compare their association.Methods: In this study, computed tomography scans obtained to assess major trauma in patients aged >16 years were analyzed. Scans meeting one of the following criteria were excluded: abnormal anatomy, previous spine or hip/pelvis surgery, or spinal pathology, including deformity, infection, tumor, or trauma. sacral anatomic orientation (SAO), PI, pelvic thickness (PTH), femoro-sacral posterior angle (FSPA), STA, and sacral kyphosis (SK) were measured.Results: Overall, 202 scans were analyzed: 25 with L5 spondylolysis and 177 normal. Among the groups, a significant difference was observed in SAO (43.3° vs. 51.6°), PI (61.7° vs. 49.8°), STA (95.4° vs. 101.8°), and SK (31.0° vs. 23.7°). Based on the logistic regression analysis, only PI (odds ratio [OR], 1.074; 95% CI, 1.026–1.124) and STA (OR, 0.822; 95% CI, 0.734–0.920) remained significant predictors for the presence of spondylolysis. In the spondylolysis group, PI correlated significantly with PTH (r=−0.589), FSPA (r=0.880), and SK (r=0.576), whereas in the normal group, PI correlated significantly with FSPA (r=0.781) and SK (r=0.728).Conclusions: By simultaneously assessing multiple sacropelvic parameters, we associated increasing PI with L5 spondylolysis. Decreasing STA, which likely represents a chronic remodeling secondary to spondylolysis, was also associated with increased risk. Back pain in an adolescent or young adult with high PI or low STA should raise suspicion of a possible occult spondylolysis.
Study on a New Energy Device in Bariatric Surgery in France, the Sound Reach™ System
Authors: Dargent J. , Blanc P. , Breton C.
Published: March 2021

Current laparoscopic bariatric operations (e.g. gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomies) require systematically the use of an energy device, meant for dissection and coagulation. Several companies make them, the US Medtronic and Ethicon being dominant, with published favorable results. A trial has been conducted with devices created by the company REACH Surgical Inc (Beijin, China): Sound Reach device in two centers in France (Lyon, Saint-Etienne) and three different surgeons. Thirty interventions have been carried out (21 sleeve gastrectomies, 1 bypass, and 8 gastric band removals), 27 F and 3 H, mean age 40, mean weight 99 kg, and mean BMI 40,4. From 0 to 5, the average note for ergonomics has been 3.5, and 4.5 for safety. There was no intra-operative incidents, but a post-operative hematoma treated by surveillance only at D2. The overall impression has been that this device was safe and effective.
Science Learning Through Interactive Teaching Method: An Experimental Study
Authors: Zai Sajid Ali Yousuf , Ajmal Fouzia , Nudrat Saira
Published: March 2021

An experimental study was conducted to find the impact of interactive teaching method on science learning. 70 students from seventh grade were selected to participate in this study. A control group with 35 randomly assigned students was taught by the traditional lecture method, and an experimental group with another 35 students was taught by an interactive teaching method. A pre-test was conducted prior to implementing the intervention to measure the baseline score, while a post-test was administered to measure the impact of the intervention. An ANCOVA (Analysis of Covariance) was used to find the significant difference in science achievement score of students between the traditional teaching method and interactive teaching method after controlling the effect of pretest scores. There was a significant difference in students' science achievement score between students in the traditional teaching group and students in the interactive teaching group, F(2, 67) = 153.47, p <.001n 2 = .82. It was concluded that the interactive teaching method significantly improves student science learning.
Media, Language and Cultural Transformation in Alexies Flight: A Study of Globalization
Authors: Zafar Asma , Qasmi Noor Ul Qamar , Ahmad Mumtaz
Published: March 2021

Globalization is a multidimensional phenomenon that has reshaped all the spheres of life and culture. This article explores how language and media have been treated in the cultural dimension of globalization that has had a transforming effect on the lives of the masses of a marginalized group of Native Americans in Alexie's Flight that demonstrates the cultural transformation of the Native Americans under white discursive practices. Manfred B. Steger's theorization serves as a basis for this study to find out how Native Americans are culturally transformed under the ever-increasing influence of globalization. In this process, language has lost its value at an official and cultural level. Alexie's Flight demonstrates the cultural transformation in the Native Americans. This text is about the white discursive practices affecting Native American culture.
Evolving Mechanisms for Rehabilitation of offenders through Probation as an alternative to Punishment in Judicial system of Pakistan
Authors: Qaiser Zarfishan , Qaiser Khushbakht
Published: March 2021

Crime and punishment have always been considered as two sides of the same coin. In the primitive legal systems, the real object of inflicting punishment was deterrent and retributive, however, with the evolution of concepts of rights and civil liberties the restorative justice movement started gaining momentum in criminal administration of justice, the need to reconsider the objects of punishment has arisen and various theories were evolved to juxtapose these two extremes in such an optimum manner that ends of administration of justice could best be achieved. This article aims to find out the ways for proper implementation of probation laws to make community service as an alternative to crude punishment which seemed to have ignored the very object of punishment i.e., reformation for the betterment of society
A Narrative Analysis of Political Satire on Pakistani Electronic Media
Authors: Khan Qaisar , Rahman Syed Inam ur , Anayat Fatima
Published: March 2021

This paper aims to investigate how the Satire programs Hasb-e-Haal (Statusquo, 2009), and KhabarDar (vigilant, 2017) produced and aired on private Pakistan Television channels influenced and formed a perception of the viewers about political issues persisted at that historical moment of time. With the comedic revelations of politicians' immoral behavior and corruption, this paper unfolds the unethical attitude of the journalists and the TV channels that lean towards political parties for their personal interests. It was found that the Express-News' Khabardar has friendly coverage towards PTI and its personalities and antagonistic towards PML-N and its political figures. Dunya News' Hasb-e-Hall coverage is opposite to the former. The performers posed as politicians use derogatory language to the opponents. A cynical comedy about political personalities plays a major role in opinion building and changing the political attitude of the masses and thus influence their voting behavior.
Role of Pakistan Peoples' Party in the Political Development in Pakistan. An Appraisal of Asif Ali Zardari Period (2008-2013)
Authors: Shafiq Kausar , Khan Abdul Basit , Shah Ali Shan
Published: March 2021

The denial of the institutionalization of political power by various civilian as well as martial law regimes has been a constant problem in Pakistan. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the first person who could do so in an effective manner, but his eternal departure in the early phase of the history of Pakistan changed the entire course of the country, and the successor leadership had to pursue self-serving politics just to prolong their rule. The same is the case with the rule of General Pervaiz Musharraf (1999-2008), which converted the parliamentary system envisaged by the 1973 constitution of Pakistan into a quasi-presidential system just to prolong the military dictatorship. The subsequent rule of the Pakistan Peoples' Party (2008-2013) was a tough period for the political leadership since the preceding dictatorship had completely altered the socio-political landscape of the country; however, the political wisdom of Mr. Asif Ali Zardari helped the country to sail smoothly during the aftershocks of the martial law regime. In that perspective, the current study intends to analyze the political developments in Pakistan during the third rule of the Pakistan Peoples' Party over the country during the period 2008-2013.
Russia's Annexation of Crimea and Security Implications for the Baltic States
Authors: Javed Muhammad , Rahim Nazim , Khan Assad Mehmood
Published: March 2021

This article discusses Russia's annexation of Crimea and its security implications for the Baltic States. The study exclusively examines two considerable impacts of the Russian annexation of Crimea, in term of its Compatriots and Hybrid warfare strategies on the security of the three Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) through qualitative and descriptive analysis. It discusses Russia's Compatriot policy which was behind this annexation, and how this policy is an essential tool of the Kremlin against the Baltic States using their large portion of the population comprised of ethnic Russians. The paper finds that Russia annexed Crimea due to its geostrategic importance. Each of the three Baltic States also has strategic significance for the Russian Federation. In this sense, Russia's aggressive policies are becoming a great challenge for the security of the three States. This instant study highlights the security implications of the Russian annexation of Crimea for the Baltic States in a descriptive-analytical way.
Spatial Justice and Gender Socialization in Jamil Ahmad's The Wandering Falcon
Authors: Butt Amna Ijaz , Khan Kanza Umer , Parvez Nafees
Published: March 2021

'With Justin Williams' 'spatial justice' and Pierre Bordieu's 'role of gender', this article explores how gender socialization is the outcome of spatial correspondences and how the biological concerns regarding gender, specifically in third world countries like Pakistan, are the catalysts in this process of gender socialization. In this regard, this article delimits Jamil Ahmad's The Wandering Falcon to exhibit the cultural interpellation concerning gender disparity in establishing spatial justice. Space contributes to the socio-political and cultural consciousness that lets the gender know his/her location in a given social boundary. This gendered location is significant concerning a privileged stature of patriarchal/matriarchal mindset and performances. On the other hand, the phenomenon of spatial justice literalizes and materializes these mindsets and performances. This article examines the shift from individual consciousness to a social identity hence locates the impact of space in allocating a role to the gender.
Socio-Cultural Barriers of Safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in South Punjab Pakistan
Authors: Ghaffoor Hasan , Farooq Muhammad , Mahmood Sadaf
Published: March 2021

Access to safe drinking water and sanitation is the basic right of every human being which directly influence health and social outcomes. Without adopting a project to its cultural settings, the project has very little or no chance for success or to be sustainable. The objective of the present study was to examine the socio-cultural barriers towards safe water, sanitation and hygiene practices in southern Punjab, Pakistan. It was a mixed method of research comprising qualitative and quantitative design. The qualitative data was collected through FGDs, and quantitative data was collected through an interview schedule. It was found that Cultural constraints like satisfaction and reliability towards traditional and myth-based norms are hampering the water, sanitation and hygiene practices. It is necessary to start comprehensive programs of WASH sector development with a special focus on social mobilization for the transformation of social norms along with resource allocation to improve WASH conditions/practices.
ДО ПРОБЛЕМИ ТИПОЛОГІЇ АКУСТИЧНИХ ПОДІЙ У СУЧАСНІЙ ЕЛЕКТРОННІЙ МУЗИЦІ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ТВОРУ О. НЕСТЕРОВА «КОЛЬОРОВА ФЛЮОГРАФІЯ»)
Authors: Bondarenko Andrii Ihorovych
Published: March 2021

Мета роботи – дослідити типологію акустичних подій на прикладі композиції Олександра Нестерова «Кольорова флюографія», використо- вуючи методи спектрального аналізу. Для досягнення цієї мети по- ставлено такі завдання – проаналізувати поняття «акустична подія», виявити різні типи акустичних подій у вищезгаданому творі та ок- реслити їх роль у драматургії твору. Методологія. У ході дослідження використано спектральний аналіз музичного твору за допомогою про- грамного забезпечення. Результати спектрального аналізу були піддані системно-аналітичному та компаративному методам дослідження. Наукова новизна. У статті вперше розкривається співвідношення тер- мінів «акустична подія» (Г. Когут) та «звуковий об’єкт» (П. Шеффер) і вперше досліджується творчість композитора Олександра Нестеро- ва. Висновки. Введене П. Шеффером поняття «звуковий об’єкт» сут- нісно співпадає з поняттям «акустична подія», що його запропонував Г. Когут. Розуміння акустичної події (звукового об’єкта) як основопо- ложного елемента музичної тканини дає змогу детально аналізувати твори електронної музики як сукупність таких подій, що є елемента- ми цілісної системи. У творі О. Нестерова «Кольорова флюографія» виявлено та проаналізовано акустичні події трьох типів – гармонічні тони (переважають), імітації звуків ударних інструментів (що ство- рюють джазові жанрово-стилістичні алюзії) та концентровані висо- кочастотні акустичні події, інтервальна компонента яких не сприй- мається на слух. Характер взаємодії цих акустичних подій дозволяє вивчити загальну драматургію та форму твору – контрастно-складову 8-частинну з ознаками 4-частинного сонатно-симфонічного циклу. Ра- зом із тим типологія акустичних подій у «Кольоровій флюографії» дещо відрізняється від типології, що виявлена Г. Когутом у творі Г. Лахен- мана “Pression”, а також відрізняється від виявленої нами раніше ти- пології у творі А. Загайкевич «Мотус». Таким чином, робимо висновок про те, що різні музичні твори характеризуються різною типологією акустичних подій, натомість створення єдиної, універсальної типології потребуватиме подальшого накопичення аналітичного матеріалу.
ЗМІСТ ТА СУТНІСТЬ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ МОБІЛЬНОСТІ МУЗИКАНТА-КОНЦЕРТМЕЙСТЕРА
Authors: Demydova Viola Hryhorivna
Published: March 2021

Мета дослідження – визначити та теоретично обґрунтувати сут- ність та зміст поняття «професійна мобільність музиканта-концерт- мейстера» в умовах навчання у вищих музичних закладах. Методологічну основу дослідження становлять такі теоретичні методи, як: аналіз, сис- тематизація та узагальнення наукових джерел – для уточнення сутності понять «мобільність», «професійна мобільність музиканта-концертмей- стера»; методи порівняння, узагальнення отриманих теоретичних да- них – для виявлення спільних та розбіжних рис трактування категорії «мобільність» у різних галузях наук, місця професійної мобільності серед низки інших видів мобільності; теоретичне моделювання – для визначення сутності поняття «професійна мобільність музиканта-концертмейсте- ра» та його структурних компонентів. Наукову новизну дослідження ста- новить виявлення змісту поняття «професійна мобільність музиканта- концертмейстера» в умовах навчання у вищих музичних закладах; визначен- ня її ролі в процесі формування майбутнього фахівця-музиканта; виявлення структури професійної мобільності майбутніх музикантів-концертмей- стерів (когнітивно-творчий, особистісно-рефлексивний, художньо-кому- нікативний компоненти). Розкрито значення професійної мобільності як умови, що забезпечує оперативність та адаптацію професіональних дій, що, своєю чергою, сприяє досягненню високого рівня успішності майбут- нього концертмейстера – випускника вищих музичних закладів. Висновки. Мобільність – це інтегральна характеристика особистості, що забезпечує динамізм перебігу пізнавально-виконавських процесів, оперативність вико- нання інтерпретаційно-практичних дій, швидкість встановлення контак- тів із солістами та слухачами, високу адаптивність до змін щодо умов навчальної та професійної діяльності. Формування навичок мобільності є механізмом особистісної та професійної самореалізації здобувачів вищої освіти у галузі знань «Музичне мистецтво». Концертмейстерська діяль- ність є одним з актуальних і ефективних засобів формування професійної мобільності майбутніх педагогів-музикантів у процесі фахової підготовки. З цієї точки зору професійна мобільність відображає здатність і готов- ність індивіда до постійних змін своєї професійної позиції, статусу, пере- міщень у професійній сфері на основі певних ціннісних орієнтацій, особи- стісних властивостей.
ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ МУЗИКАНТІВ ЧЕРНІГІВЩИНИ ЯК ЧИННИК РОЗВИТКУ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО КУЛЬТУРНОГО ПРОСТОРУ ДРУГОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХХ СТОЛІТТЯ
Authors: Badalov Oleh Pavlovych
Published: March 2021

Мета публікації – дослідження мистецької діяльності музикантів Чернігівщини, що діяли у другій половині ХХ ст.: фольклориста, засно- вника аматорського хорового руху В. Полевика, фундаторів регіональних виконавських шкіл В. Розен (фортепіано) та А. Стриги (баян), репре- зентанта камерного хорового виконавства Л. Боднарука. Методологія дослідження базується на джерелознавчому, історико-хронологічному, логіко-узагальнюючому методах для аналізу періодичних, епістолярних джерел та мемуаристики, з’ясування фактів життєтворчості мит- ців, визначення їх місця у регіональному культурному просторі. Наукова новизна статті полягає у формуванні комплексного погляду на культурне життя Чернігівщини другої половини ХХ ст. як феномена життєтвор- чості провідних музикантів регіону. Висновки. Результати дослідження доводять, що творчість досліджуваних митців мала вагомий вплив на розвиток регіонального культурного простору. Діяльність В. Полевика із заснування аматорських хорових колективів сприяла активізації регіо- нального хорового життя, що стало передумовою професіоналізації на- родного хорового виконавства Чернігівщини шляхом створення у 1979 р. ансамблю пісні і танцю «Полісся» обласної філармонії. Вагома фольклор- но-етнографічна робота В. Полевика знайшла продовження у діяльності філармонійного ансамблю пісні і танцю «Сіверські клейноди», створе- ного у 2002 р. Музично-педагогічна діяльність В. Розен та А. Стриги протягом другої половини ХХ ст. охоплювала всю Чернігівщину, сприяла підвищенню рівня загальної музичної культури слухачів, стимулювала професійне орієнтування юнацтва, дозволяла студентам-виконавцям на- бувати виконавського досвіду, слугувала поширенню академічної музичної культури. Результативна участь у конкурсах, продовження навчання у консерваторіях засвідчує високу фахову підготовку учнів В. Розен та А. Стриги. Творча діяльність Л. Боднарука сприяла відродженню й поши- ренню на Чернігівщині традицій камерного хорового виконавства, появі у 1990-х рр. нових музичних феноменів регіонального (дитячі хорові фес- тивалі) та загальнонаціонального значення (камерний хор ім. Д. Борт- нянського), що сприяло інтеграції культурного простору Чернігівщини у національний та європейський культурний контекст.
Prevalence of Newly Diagnosed End-Stage Renal Disease Patients in a Tertiary Hospital of Central Nepal, Chitwan: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ghimire Madhav , Vaidya Shreeju , Upadhyay Hari Prasad
Published: March 2021

Introduction: End-stage renal disease patients are in rising trend globally, and they have been foundto occur predominantly in developing countries. Many studies have been published before, withinand across the countries, to know the clinicodemographic profile of end-stage renal disease patients.However, no such studies were done in Chitwan, Nepal. This study’s main objective was to find theprevalence of newly diagnosed end-stage renal disease patients.

Methods: A hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department ofNephrology from May 2016 to April 2019. Convenient sampling was done, and all the consecutivenew end-stage renal disease patients were included in the study. The ethical approval was takenfrom the Institutional Review Committee (reference number. 2016/COMSTH/IRC/042). Theprevalence and demographic profile of new end-stage renal disease patients were studied. The datawere analyzed with appropriate statistical tools.

Results: A total of 250 new end-stage renal disease patients were found among 2200 admittedpatients. The prevalence of new end-stage renal disease was found to be 250 (11.36%). Out of 250patients, males were 156 (62.4%), and females were 94 (37.6%). The mean age was 49.6±15.5 years. Thecommonest cause of the incident end-stage renal disease was Type 2 Diabetes mellitus 89 (35.6%).

Conclusions: The prevalence of new end-stage renal disease was found to be quite high. Thecommonest cause of the incident end-stage renal disease was Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Case Report
Authors: Ghimire Anupam , Acharya Achal Raj , Karn Anish , Kumar Jha Mukesh
Published: March 2021

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) is a rare occurrence in young, physically fit male and a diagnosis of exclusion among most patients presenting with signs and symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. Here we describe a case of a young male in the ideal weight range with no previous exposure to offending chemicals presented with a history of headache, obscuration of vision, and photopsia. On examination, there were no positive neurological findings. Increased opening pressure was found on the lumbar puncture. Ophthalmological examination revealed bilateral papilledema. Humphrey’s Visual field test showed peripheral field loss. MRI scan of the brain and orbits were normal. The patient was diagnosed and managed in primary care setting after neurosurgical consultation. Though rare, we should suspect IIH in ideal body weighted male if the headache is persistent after other causes of headache have been ruled out.
Prevalence of Foreign Body Aspiration in Children in a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Dongol Kripa , Neupane Yogesh , Das Dutta Heempali , Raj Gyawali Bigyan , Kharel Bijaya
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Foreign body aspiration is a common problem in children with signifi cant mortality and morbidity. This study aims to determine the prevalence of foreign body aspiration in children in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital from April 2010 to March 2016 after obtaining ethical approval from Institutional Review Committee (Reference number- 08(6-11)E277/78). All children of age up to 15 years with suspected foreign body aspiration were included. The data was collected from the medical record section and entered in Microsoft Excel. The descriptive statistical analysis was performed.

Results: A total of 26,294 patients were included in the study. The prevalence of foreign body aspiration in children was found to be 98 (0.37%). On rigid bronchoscopy, 82 patients (83.6%) were confirmed to have a foreign body in the airway. The peak incidence of foreign body aspiration was seen in patients of age group one to two years. The commonest foreign body in the airway was a peanut.

Conclusions: The prevalence of foreign body aspiration in children was low, which is similar to other studies. Foreign body aspiration may lead to dreadful complications. Therefore, both the clinicians and the public need to be cautious about it.
The Echocardiographic Findings in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in a Tertiary Care Center of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Shakya Smriti , Gajurel Ratna Mani , Poudel Chandra Mani , Shrestha Hemant , Devkota Surya , Thapa Sanjeev
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent supraventricular arrhythmia responsible forthe large morbidity and mortality burden worldwide. There are various causes of atrial fibrillationthat may affect the prognosis of patients. This study was intended to determine different echocardiographic findings in patients with atrial fibrillation in a tertiary care center.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascularand Transplant Center, Institute of Medicine, among 175 patients with atrial fibrillation admittedin the cardiology department from June 2017 to October 2018. It was approved by the InstitutionalReview Board of the Institute of Medicine (Ref.:411(6-11-E)2/073/074). Convenience sampling wasused. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0.

Results: A total of 175 patients with atrial fibrillation were enrolled where Rheumatic heart disease 68 (38.9%) was the leading cause in which 54 (79.4%) had mitral valve lesion, 1 (1.5%) hadaortic valve lesion and rest had a combination of both. The mixed lesion of mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation was the commonest. The left atrium size was larger in valvular atrial fibrillation(47.29±6.651mm). The left ventricular systolic dysfunction was seen more in non-valvular atrialfibrillation. The commonest site of thrombus formation was left atrium 7 (63.6%).

Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation was common in rheumatic heart disease, especially mixed lesions ofmitral stenosis and regurgitation. Valvular atrial fibrillation had a larger left atrium. The thrombuswas seen in mitral stenosis and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The left atrium size and left ventricular ejection fraction were associated with the occurrence of atrial fibrillation.
Clinico-pathological Spectrum of Oral Cavity Lesions at a Tertiary Care Center in Central Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bastakoti Shankar , Shrestha Gambhir , Kumar Gautam Dej , Dhungana Ishan , Jha Nandita , Pandey Greta , Upreti Suraj , Shrestha Ashmita , Raj Bhatta Ranjan
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world. The disease burden is increasing at an alarming rate in developing Southeast Asian countries. This study aims to report the histopathological spectrum of oral cavity lesions at a tertiary cancer center in central Nepal.

Methods: This study included all those cases of oral cavity lesions, of which diagnostic biopsy was done from January 2018 to December 2019. The data were retrieved from the Department of Pathology of BP Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital. The study proposal was approved by the Institutional Review Committee at BPKMCH (Ref: 247/2020) on 28th June 2020. Convenience sampling was done. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20 using descriptive statistics.

Results: A total of 851 cases of oral cavity lesions were included in this study. The mean age of the study population was 55.9 years, with male to female ratio of 3:1. Malignant lesions composed of 472 (55.5%) cases followed by premalignant lesion of 104 (12%). More than 453 (95%) malignant cases were squamous cell carcinoma, of which 342 (75%) were a well-differentiated type. The buccal cavity is the most common site of malignant lesion 212 (45%), followed by tongue 96 (20%) and lower gingivobuccal region 86 (18%).

Conclusions: Malignant lesions are the most common histopathological findings in the oral cavity lesion with squamous cell carcinoma type. Oral cancer is common cancer that can be prevented and cured if detected early.
Childhood Tuberculosis: An Under Prioritized Disease in Nepal
Authors: Gautam Rabin , Shrestha Gambhir , Phuyal Prabin
Published: March 2021

Globally, childhood tuberculosis constitutes up to 10% of overall tuberculosis cases. In Nepal, childhood tuberculosis has remained around 5.5% of overall tuberculosis cases and has remained stagnant over the years. Moreover, our health system is focused on adult tuberculosis. Childhood tuberculosis has recently got its attention both at the national and international levels. National Tuberculosis Program has been a successful program; however, more has to be done to track childhood tuberculosis progress. In this viewpoint, we discuss current initiatives taken by the government and the way forward for case detection and management of childhood tuberculosis in Nepal.
Ultrasonographic Measurement of Mean Cross-sectional Area of the Median Nerve in Pregnant Women in a Tertiary Level Hospital of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Adhikari Govinda , Kayastha Prakash , Suwal Sundar , Paudel Sharma , Chataut Dinesh , Maharjan Santosh , Gurung Ghanshyam
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Pregnancy is one of the predisposing factors for carpal tunnel syndrome, which may manifest as swelling of the median nerve. The purpose of this study was to obtain the mean cross-sectional area of median nerve using ultrasound in pregnant females at carpal tunnel inlet and its variations with different trimesters.

Methods: A total of 102 pregnant females at first, second and third trimesters were evaluated for median nerve with ultrasonography. Mean cross sectional area of median nerve was calculated in both hands by using two methods- direct and indirect. The study was conducted after obtaining ethical clearance from Institutional Review Board of Institute of Medicine, and after obtaining the written informed consent from the subjects. Convenience sampling technique was used. Data obtained were compiled and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20.

Results: The overall mean cross-sectional area was 6.84Â±1.09 mm2 using direct method and 7.09Â±1.19 mm2 using indirect method. The values obtained with indirect method were greater than that obtained with direct method. Mean cross-sectional area of the median nerve were higher at third trimester in both hands and by both direct and indirect methods.

Conclusions: From the study conducted, the normal value of mean cross-sectional area of median nerve in pregnant females was established.
Caesarean Myomectomy among Patients Undergoing Lower Segment Caesarean Section in a Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Amatya Vaidya Sapana , Jha Rijuta
Published: March 2021

Pregnancy with uterine myoma increases the risk of abortion, fetal malpresentation, placenta previa, postpartum hemorrhage, hysterectomy and risk to neonate and mother. Caesarian myomectomy is a safe and cost-effective procedure especially when performed by an experienced surgeon only in selected cases. Here, we present our experiences of cesarean myomectomy on ten patients presenting to our center in a period of one year. The most common indications were breech presentation and previous cesarean section. The most common site was anterior, except one which was posterior and the common type is intramural. Despite prophylactic measures, two cases had a postpartum hemorrhage of 2000ml and 700ml, respectively and one even received a blood transfusion. No cases of hysterectomy, neonatal morbidity and mortality were noted in these cases. In our experience, cesarean myomectomy in uterine fibroids has been a safe procedure with limited intraoperative and postoperative complications.
Orthopedic Implant Removal in the Department of Orthopedics of a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bhandari Ravi , Dawadi Pravakar , Thapa Magar Mohit , Sinha Ritesh , Kayastha Nirab , Pratap Shah Rajesh , Babu Thapa Bishnu , Rana Magar Sushil
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Implant removal surgery is one of the common surgical procedures done in orthopedics. Studies report that a major portion of orthopedic surgeries carried out in different institutions comprises implant removal procedures. This can be challenging in limited manpower and infrastructure availability scenarios, like in developing countries like Nepal. This study aims to study the prevalence of orthopedic implant removal procedures carried out among overall surgical procedures in the orthopedic department of a tertiary care center in Nepal.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on the medical records of the department of orthopedics of a tertiary care center after approval from the institutional review committee. The data included records from the starting of 2018 to the end of 2019. Data related to the number of implant removal procedures, types of implants, indications, fracture sites, anesthesia use, gender and age distribution were studied. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 was used to study descriptive data.

Results: Out of 2557 orthopedic operations carried out in the study duration, 458 (17.91%) of implant removal procedures were done in the department. The most common age group was the young adult age group, 255 (55.68%). Medium-sized implants were the commonly removed ones, 337 (73.58%). Elective procedures were the most common indication, 369 (80.57%).

Conclusions: Implant removal procedures cover a major fraction of overall orthopedic operations carried out by the department, most of which are elective procedures. In limited-resource settings, this can be challenging, and a proper evaluation with counseling could be done before implant removal surgery.
Penyuluhan Pentingnya Legalisasi Perkawinan
Authors: Setiawati Setiawati
Published: March 2021

Marriage is a bond born of inner between a man and woman as husband and wife with the aim of forming a family or household that sakinah happy and remain upon the divinity of the one true God. The recording of the marriage arranged for without recording, a marriage does not have the force of law. In fact the practice in public, let alone the remote logging process didaerah-daerah wedding in the document state is rarely noticed. This is because of the lack of knowledge most villagers tegal against legislation on marriage, both from the aspect of Islamic law as well as the positive aspects of the law. It is therefore deemed necessary to do the problems associated outreach. The purpose of doing this devotion to understanding memnberikan to the community related to the importance of the Kp Sasak. legalization of marriage. The methods used in the consecration is done by giving the extension. From the results of the survey and interviews conducted before the extension is still a lot of the public who do not know how important the legalization of marriage and what are the consequences arising because of the marriage not in legalization. The existence of this extension was well received by the public, they are very enthusiastic to follow this activity. After holding this extension a lot of development going on, many communities do governance documents to legalize their marriage that was previously done in the series.
Pelatihan Pengenalan Sains Sederhana Bagi Guru TK Islam Insan Cendekia Surabaya
Authors: Herawati Andry , Listyawati Liling , Kamariyah Sri
Published: March 2021

The Islamic Kindergarten Insan Scholar aims to prepare their students for a better level of basic education based on Islamic teachings. The results of the situation analysis showed that the partners wanted to increase the performance of the teachers during the introduction to basic science for their students, which was not only theoretical or theoretical, but this is limited by the resources of teachers who do not have the capacity to provide real science learning practices that are true, and the unavailability of equipment and materials to support the learning of simple scientific practices. The Community Empowerment Program is designed to increase teachers' knowledge in the process of teaching and learning simple science practices by providing training,  and the identification and purchase of equipment and materials that support the teaching of simple scientific practices. The results of activities under the Community Empowerment Program can increase teachers' ability to learn simple scientific practices, and there are a number of tools and materials used in learning simple scientific practices for students of Islamic Kindergarten Insan Scholar. The results of the community empowerment program should be well implemented by the partners, so that TK has a competitive advantage in the future, and should foster creativity and critical thinking, which will be very beneficial for updating and preparing students to cope with their larger and more complex roles in the future.