bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Tariffs on Global Supply Chain Network Configuration: Models, Predictions, and Future Research
Authors: Dong Lingxiu , Kouvelis Panos
Published: September 2019

The past three decades have witnessed tremendous growth of supply chain activities around the globe thanks to the lowered trade barriers and free trade agreements among countries. The global supply chain management literature developed during this time provided theoretical frameworks and decision support tools for operational and supply chain decisions in the global context. Recent development in trade barrier debates as well as increasing uncertainties in countries’ trade policies have forced companies to rethink their global operational strategies. In this short paper, we draw insights from the existing global supply chain literature and in particular, focus on interpreting recent research contributions published in Manufacturing & Service Operations Management (M&SOM) on the topic to gain understanding of the implications of trade policies, especially tariffs, for firms’ global facility network design decisions. We also provide a discussion of important dimensions that were absent from the existing literature but are pertinent to providing a richer understanding of implications of trade policies for today’s interconnected supply chains. Future research that takes into consideration those previously less explored dimensions has the potential to offer insights not only to industry practitioners but also, to the policy makers. Developing an appreciation of potential reactions from complex connected supply chains in various industries would help policy makers better anticipate the impact of trade policy change.
The Content Analysis of Bisphenol A (BPA) on Water in Plastic Glass with Varying Temperatures and Contact Times using UV-VIS Spectrophotometer
Authors: Nugroho Bayu , Pramudya Yudhiakto , Widodo Widodo
Published: September 2019

This study aims to analyze the content of Bisphenol A (BPA) on various temperatureandcontact timesbetween the plastic bag and water. For analysis of BPA, a sample made with variations of temperature (± 70°C, ± 80°C, ± 90°C) and contacttime(5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes) usingnine samples. To determine the concentration of BPA, Lambert-Beer law was employed.According to the analysis of data, the content of BPA on the temperature variation showed that the higher the temperature of the sample, the higher the content of Bisphenol A in the sample. The content of BPA with a variation of contact times stated that with the longer contact time, the higher the content of BPA.
Optimising recovery in the competing horse
Authors: Grimwood Katie
Published: September 2019

Katie Grimwood BSc (Hons) of Baileys Horse Feeds highlights some of the often overlooked factors that can make a big difference in managing the competiton horse
If the shoe fits ….
Authors: Brown Sarah-Mary
Published: September 2019

Sarah-Mary Brown FWCF discusses the priorities when creating a shoeing plan
Equine allergy testing
Authors: Forsyth Johanna
Published: September 2019

Johanna Forsyth BVM&S PG Cert (Equine Science) MResCVR MRCVS, Senior Technical Veterinary Manager at Avacta Animal Health offers an evidence-based solution
Health economics for treatment of diabetic foot ulcers: a cost-effectiveness analysis of eight skin substitutes
Authors: Samsell Brian , McLean Julie , Cazzell Shawn , Dorsch Kimberly , Moyer Peter M. , Moore Mark
Published: September 2019

Aim:

Skin substitutes are frequently used to treat chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), and many different options are available. While the clinical efficacy of many products has been evaluated, a comprehensive cost-effectiveness analysis comparing the most popular skin substitutes and using the most recent cost data has been lacking.

Methods:

This study compared eight skin substitutes using published efficacy rates combined with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) 2018 cost data. The study criteria resulted in the inclusion of seven studies that described efficacy rates for treatment of DFUs using the skin substitutes.

Results:

The results revealed wide discrepancies between these skin substitutes for the costs of treatments and healing rates in hospital outpatient departments and physician office settings. Healing rates for 12 and 16 weeks ranged from 28% to 68%, while the average cost for treating one DFU varied from $2001 to $14,507 and $1207 to $8791 in the hospital outpatient department and physician's office setting, respectively. The estimated patient share of costs for treating a single DFU ranged from $400 to $2901 and $241 to $1758 in the hospital outpatient department and physician's office setting, respectively. Most importantly, the estimated number of wounds healed out of 100 DFUs per $1000 expenditure with each patient ranged from 3.9–26.5 DFUs in the hospital outpatient department, and 4.3–36.4 DFUs in the physicians' office setting.

Conclusions:

This study revealed that the costs of a skin substitute itself did not necessarily correlate with its healing efficacy. These results provide a comprehensive cost-effectiveness analysis to enable integrated health-care systems, health professionals and reimbursement payers to make informed value decisions when treating DFUs.
Fluorescence imaging guided dressing change frequency during negative pressure wound therapy: a case series
Authors: Raizman Rose
Published: September 2019

Objective:

Knowledge of wound bioburden can guide selection of therapies, for example, the use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) devices with instillation in a heavily contaminated wound. Wound and periwound bacteria can be visualised in real-time using a novel, non-contact, handheld fluorescence imaging device that emits a safe violet light. This device was used to monitor bacterial burden in patients undergoing NPWT.

Methods:

Diverse wounds undergoing NPWT were imaged for bacterial (red or cyan) fluorescence as part of routine wound assessments.

Results:

We assessed 11 wounds undergoing NPWT. Bacterial fluorescence was detected under sealed, optically-transparent (routine) adhesive before dressing changes, on foam dressings, within the wound bed, and on periwound tissues. Bacterial visualisation in real-time helped to guide: (1) bioburden-based, personalised treatment regimens, (2) clinician selection of NPWT, with or without instillation of wound cleansers, and (3) the extent and location of wound cleaning during dressing changes. The ability to visualise bacteria before removal of dressings led to expedited dressing changes when heavy bioburden was detected and postponement of dressing changes for 24 hours when red fluorescence was not observed, avoiding unnecessary disturbance of the wound bed.

Conclusion:

Fluorescence imaging of bacteria prompted and helped guide the timing of dressing changes, the extent of wound cleaning, and selection of the appropriate and most cost-effective NPWT (standard versus instillation). These results highlight the capability of bacterial fluorescence imaging to provide invaluable real-time information on a wound's bioburden, contributing to clinician treatment decisions in cases where bacterial contamination could impede wound healing.
Oxygen titration therapy and hypercapnia risk in COPD
Authors: Harding Cecily , Hart Lindsay
Published: September 2019

Background:

Estimated to be the third leading cause of death in the UK by 2030, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common presenting complaint requiring an emergency ambulance. It is recognised that patients with COPD are at high risk of developing hypercapnia with the main theory of causality being high-flow oxygen therapy. Therefore, current guidelines recommend titrating oxygen therapy to maintain oxygen saturation percentage (SpO2) of 88–92% to reduce this risk.

Aim:

The aim of this review is to analyse literature concerning oxygen therapy in patients with COPD and their potential risk of hypercapnia.

Methods:

Extensive literature searches with strict parameters were carried out in electronic databases. After filtration of results, eight core articles were selected for analysis, from which three themes were identified as particular topics of interest.

Findings:

Critical analysis of the core articles confirmed the increased risk of hypercapnia in patients with COPD, but it is unclear if the cause is high-flow oxygen therapy, rate of alveolar ventilation or a specific COPD phenotype.

Conclusion:

Methods of reducing hypercapnia are limited in the prehospital setting with the only method transferable to paramedic practice being air nebulisation. Clinical compliance with study protocols and current national guidelines is low, both in prehospital and in-hospital environments.
A rare presentation of small diaphragmatic epidermoid cyst with extremely elevated serum CA19-9 level
Authors: El-Khoury M , Bohlok A , Sleiman YA , Loi P , Coppens E , Demetter P , El Nakadi I
Published: September 2019

Epidermoid cysts are rare lesions that can occur anywhere in the body. They are associated with elevated serum levels of CA 19-9. The spleen represents the most common site of intra-abdominal localisation. Only two cases of diaphragmatic epidermoid cyst are reported in the literature. We present the case of a 61-year-old woman with a small suprasplenic subdiaphragmatic cyst discovered during the investigation of left flank pain. The establishment of an adequate diagnosis was challenging due to the difficulty in specifying the exact localisation of the cyst, the extremely elevated CA 19-9 level of 19,000 and the high uptake on 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography. The definitive diagnosis followed complete surgical excision. Intra-abdominal epidermoid cysts are usually discovered incidentally on imaging for another reason. The cyst is lined by squamous epithelium responsible for the secretion of CA 19-9. The elevation of serum CA 19-9 is due to small rupture or increased intraluminal pressure followed by diffusion to the bloodstream. Surgery with en-bloc resection represents the optimal treatment to avoid any risk of recurrence. The definitive diagnosis is established by demonstrating positive immunohistopathological staining of epithelial cell to CA 19.9.
Medical Management of Neurogenic Bladder for Children and Adults: A Review
Authors: Lucas Elizabeth
Published: September 2019

Neurogenic bladder is a chronic condition affecting patients of all ages with significant medical and quality of life implications. Goals of treatment consist of protection of the upper urinary tract and promotion of reliable urinary continence. Successful management involves medications and most often bladder drainage via clean intermittent catheterization. This article reviews current literature on medical management to achieve goals of treatment.
Improving public policy and administration: exploring the potential of design
Authors: van Buuren Arwin , Lewis Jenny M , Guy Peters B , Voorberg William
Published: September 2019

In recent years, design approaches to policymaking have gained popularity among policymakers. However, a critical reflection on their added value and on how contemporary ‘design-thinking’ approaches relates to the classical idea of public administration as a design science, is still lacking. This introductory paper reflects upon the use of design approaches in public administration. We delve into the more traditional ideas of design as launched by Simon and policy design, but also into the present-day design wave, stemming from traditional design sciences. Based upon this we distinguish between three ideal-type approaches of design currently characterising the discipline: design as optimisation, design as exploration and design as co-creation. More rigorous empirical analyses of applications of these approaches is necessary to further develop public administration as a design science. We reflect upon the question of how a more designerly way of thinking can help to improve public administration and public policy.
Framing and feedback: increased support for gender quotas among elites
Authors: Teigen Mari , Skjeie Hege , Karlsen Rune
Published: September 2019

We address changes in support for quota policies, with an emphasis on corporate board quotas, among Norwegian elites. Applying theories of policy feedback and framing, we investigate whether changes in attitudes towards quotas correspond to changes in beliefs about the causes behind male dominance. The analysis rests on two comprehensive surveys from 2000 and 2015 of the entire national elite population within ten sectors of society. We found substantial changes in support for quotas and beliefs about the causes for male dominance. The results suggest that even controversial policies can create positive feedback and introduce new interpretations of problematic power dynamics.
Opportunities and challenges in preserving and revitalizing the Tibetan oral literature Shépa in Chone
Authors: Tso Bendi
Published: September 2019

This article explores the ongoing Shépa preservation and revitalization in Chone County of Kanlho Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, China. Shépa is an expansive collection of Tibetan cultural wisdom composed as oral poetry and performed in antiphonal style in Chone. It captures the most salient aspects of Chone Tibetan cultural identity and linguistic practices. Yet, along with the erosion of the Chone Tibetan language, the inter-generational transmission of Shépa has been seriously interrupted. Given this picture, since 2016, various efforts have been made by the stakeholders (local community members, Shépa narrators, language and cultural activists, and Chone County Government) to preserve and revitalize Shépa. These efforts include but are not limited to the transcription and teaching of Shépa through Chinese, the establishment of Chone Shépa Cultural Association in 2017, the government-funded Shépa performance both within and outside Chone County and so forth.

Through using qualitative research methods, including participant observation and semi-structured interviews with all stakeholders, this article first documents the processes of how Chone Tibetans reclaim and revitalize their oral tradition, Shépa. It also examines the tensions derived from the processes and explores how local communities negotiate and manage these challenges. The research results will contribute to the conversation on the importance and complexities of oral tradition preservation in Indigenous communities in Tibet and beyond.
Book Reviews
Authors: Ue Tom , Naidu Vayu
Published: September 2019

A Bond Undone: Legends of the Condor Heroes II, Jin Yong (trans. Gigi Chang) (2019) London: MacLehose Press-Quercus Publishing Ltd, 528 pp., ISBN 978-0-85705-461-6, p/bk, £14.99

Chinatown Days, Rita Chowdhury (2018) New Delhi: Pan Macmillan Publishing India, 396 pp., ISBN 978-9-38621-523-9, h/bk, INR:599
Hearing the voices of the voiceless: Service-learning and its impact on aspects of social awareness amongst nursing and optometry students
Authors: Liang Chong Ching , Seet Celestine , Jupri Nur Farzana , Nasir Sarah Filzah Bte Mohamed , Masduki Nur Adilah Bte , Hambali Siti Nur Shafiqah Bte , Sahri Nur Adilah Bte Mohamed
Published: September 2019

This study involved nursing (NSG) and optometry (OPT) students from the School of Health Sciences (HS), Ngee Ann Polytechnic (NP), Singapore. It aimed to understand the effect of service-learning (SL) engagements on the social awareness of HSN and OPT students. The study examined two different modes of SL engagement: The first SL activity was a voluntary (outside of curriculum) Health and Eye Screening for migrant workers at their dormitory (N-118). The second SL activity was a compulsory (in-curriculum) social survey of foreign workers (FWs) (N-208) on their rest day outside of their dormitory. The quasi-experimental prepre test design was chosen where the two experimental groups served as their own control groups during the course of the research. The results of the study highlighted that not all SL activities were created equal in their impact on learning. Of the two experimental groups – Experimental Group 1 (compulsory) and Experimental Group 2 (voluntary), the nature of SL engagement indicated that there is a higher positive impact on the social awareness level of the former (Experimental Group 1). The mode of engagement is a very short engagement with the community-in-need (five hours). The results of this study help to throw up for discussion the potential benefits of a high-impact but extremely brief SL engagement by students. Pending further validation, this strategy might be a potential solution for educational institutions juggling the twin tensions of timetabling and meaningful SL activities to further their students’ learning experience.
Signwriting: Ornament as visual language – communicative decoration
Authors: Goodwin Amy
Published: September 2019

This article argues for the use of decorative signwriting as both ornamental and communicative. This examination will be twofold: first, a series of images of twentieth century signwriting in the fairground industry will be offered to this argument: all signwriting is purposefully applied, as decoration, in order to communicate, but unpicking the visual styles will unveil the hidden meanings, expanding the communicative intentions. Secondly, works of signwriting produced and installed as an archive as illustrated space will be dissected to expand on the argument being made. The archive as illustrated space is a framework being theoretically structured and then applied in practice within my Ph.D. enquiry. It advances the theories and workings of both the archive and artistic archive: the space facilitates the collation of dubious and disputed narratives, alongside archival fragments: told through communicative signwriting, it demands the participation of the viewer in its installation. Using the methodology of this practice-led research will contribute to confirming how the application of a visual language to signwriting enables the production of works that are both ornamental and communicative.

This argument has been formed, primarily, due to my informed fairground position: embedded within fairground heritage my upbringing has established an appreciation for its rich history, which is reflected in my practice, which blends traditional signwriting and illustrative storytelling. This informed fairground position, combined with my Ph.D. enquiry, enriches the analysis and understanding of the practice-led research within the realm of this article: offering a valuable opportunity to not only comment on the historical works presented, but also to showcase an exploration of how to apply this visual production to contemporary, installation situations.
Aural Textiles: From listening to pattern making
Authors: Jaramillo George , Mennie Lynne
Published: September 2019

Textile patterns, whether printed, knitted, woven or embroidered, tend to be inspired by and created in response to the visual environment. The soundscape is a significant component of the embodied multisensory landscape – from the buzz of fluorescent tube lights in an office to the intermittent roar of water flowing in a river; no space is ever silent (). Attunement to environmental soundscape provides inspiration in music, art and, in this case, the creation of textile patterns, challenging the visual bias of pattern creation. In this ongoing study, the audio sources from bird song to horses galloping are visualized into spectrograms forming contemporary landscape-inspired textile patterns. Spectrograms are a type of visualization of an audio spectrum where the intensity and multiple frequencies are displayed across time, rather than simply the pitch and amplitude of the sound source. These spectrograms are then transformed into textile patterns through the interaction between a maker's existing skill set and digital software. By sharing this process with a group of textile practitioners, this sound-to-visual approach forms the foundation of a co-created textile pattern design. In this way, the process of soundscape-inspired design challenges the visual bias of existing textile patterns, contributing to the sensory ethnography of the contemporary landscape. Here we explore key insights that emerged from the project – experimenting, collaborating and disrupting – through the imagery of process and pattern making, as well as, through the narratives and reflections of the practitioners, presenting a collective visual encounter. In the end, the project opens dialogues to collaboratively understand and relate to the local soundscape as a source of inspiration for pattern making, and begins to formalize a design narrative based on the non-visual environment.
Breaking down the breakdown in twenty-first-century metal
Authors: Gamble Steven
Published: September 2019

In this article, I introduce the breakdown as a formal structure identified in certain styles of modern metal, especially metalcore. Breakdowns are widely considered to be distinct sections of a song, much like a verse or chorus: this observation provides the basis for defining breakdowns structurally using music analysis. Responding to the nascent field of research on popular music fandom, I next discuss curatorial practices focusing upon breakdowns, where online fan communities collect their favourites, rate them and compare how they are employed in metal music. Moving beyond their use as extracts of recorded tracks, I investigate some possible uses and accompaniments for breakdowns in live settings. In particular, metal performance scenarios can emphasize breakdowns as opportunities for moshing and other forms of collective motion. Finally, I consider potential listening experiences of breakdowns (and their accessibility), from catharsis and emotional release to communal belonging.
‘Ancien folklore québécois’: An analysis of the phonographic and identity-based narrative of the métal noir québécois community
Authors: St-Laurent Méi-Ra
Published: September 2019

Black metal is often considered as being one of the most transgressive subgenres of extreme metal music, especially because of its thematic (e.g. Satanism, nationalism, national socialism). In Québec (Canada), the black metal scene – and more specifically the métal noir québécois (MNQ) community – uses themes linked with nationalism, which are transmitted through French lyrics and folk music. Thus, I argue that MNQ members, through their music and discourses, are building a phonographic narrative and an identity-based narrative, which takes its root in Québec’s history and black metal ideology. In order to identify the phonographic narrative of MNQ, I will analyse a song from MNQ repertoire, ‘Ancien folklore québécois’ (Neige et Noirceur 2010), by focusing on the textual narrative elements, while linking them with the musicological parameters of popular music. Finally, I will focus on the concept of identity-based narrative by using the discourses of the community’s members gathered through ethnographic interviews.
Queering Eugenia Falleni: Towards a trans politics of movement
Authors: Tack Saartje
Published: September 2019

Sydney, Australia, 1920. A man named Harry Birkett was arrested for the murder of his wife Annie Birkett. Shortly after the arrest, the police discovered that Crawford was not a man but a woman named Eugenia Falleni. There are no archival documents in which Falleni speaks about their gender and sexuality, and yet recent (re)presentations of this individual have assigned them to rigid identity categories such as lesbian, transgender, transsexual, heterosexual, man and woman, based on interpretations of their gendered and sexual acts. In this article, I argue that such approaches stabilize gendered and sexual acts characterized by movement into congruent and whole identities and, as such, foreclose queer possibilities. By deploying scholarship that sits at the intersections of queer and trans studies, I argue that recent representations of Falleni reveal identity as a fundamental structuring device for understanding being-in-the-world, and propose that we read cases past and present as sets of transing moments that enable a framing of all gendered being as movement.
Imaginary mixtapes, invisible zines – Aotearoa’s missing queercore ephemera
Authors: Deacon Lauren
Published: September 2019

Queercore punk’s defining object, the J.D.s Top Ten Homocore Hit Parade (1990) contains one track by a defunct Aotearoa noise punk band – ‘Tell Me Why’, by Gorse. Here, I investigate the potential in both the mixtape and the zine to which it pertains, within the context of the local and trans-national queer imagination.
El Estado brasileño y la represión política en la Era Vargas: base institucional del aparato de contención y de control de la sociabilidad obrera
Authors: Tarcisio Florindo Marcos
Published: September 2019

Este artículo discute la base institucional del aparato de represión política y social durante el primer gobierno Vargas (1930 -1945). El objetivo es observar la integración de los distintos departamentos creados para la realización de una estricta política de contención de la sociabilidad de trabajo. Las principales fuentes utilizadas son los documentos de la policía política, el corazón del aparato de contención, articulados en una narrativa que valora la visión general de la estrategia represiva y observa sus efectos de poder en la sociedad.
Sobre el Estudio: ocio, melancolía y cuidado
Authors: López Maximiliano Valerio
Published: September 2019

El siguiente artículo se propone reconsiderar la noción de estudio, frente a una escuela (o una universidad) que, cada vez más, se define a sí misma como un lugar de aprendizaje y desempeño. Para esto comenzaremos por oponer dos visiones de escuela y dos maneras de concebir su ocupación fundamental. De un lado la escuela concebida como un lugar destinado al cultivo de una forma de vida, separado de las tareas y obligaciones que las necesidades vitales imponen y del mando de otros sujetos, a la que los antiguos griegos llamaban skholé (ocio). De otro lado, la escuela, propuesta por las reformas neoliberales de los años ochenta, concebida como un lugar de aprendizaje, donde desarrollar competencias preparatorias para el mercado de trabajo. De un lado, la escuela como lugar de ocio, de otro, la escuela como lugar de aprendizaje. A partir de ahí, desarrollaremos la siguiente hipótesis: la escuela fue en su origen, y aun podría continuar siéndolo, un lugar de ocio, pero no de cualquier tipo de ocio, sino de un ocio estudioso. Es precisamente en este tiempo ocioso, donde el ser humano experimenta, de modo más radical, su condición de ser indeterminado, abierto al mundo y su renovación. Pero, por esa mismo, el ocio es también un lugar peligroso, amenazado por el tedio y la melancolía. La escuela debe proteger el ocio para que este no se transforme en trabajo o en entretenimiento, pero debe también ofrecer la posibilidad de sostener un ocio estudioso, es decir, una forma de atención y cuidado del mundo que habitamos en común. Finalmente, nos detendremos en la noción de estudio, propiamente dicha, para considerar el estudio como cultivo y transmisión de aquellas artes y técnicas que permiten el acceso a ese mundo.
KONSEP WAHYU MENURUT SAKSI-SAKSI YEHUWA
Authors: Ismail Roni
Published: September 2019

In the mainstream Christianity, revelation of God manifests in Jesus Christ, in his blood and flesh. Jehovah's Witnesses, as a sect in Christianity, believes that the revelation or word of God is fully Bible, and not Jesus as in the mainstream Christianity. Bible is revealed by God directly so it is accurate. It is also belived as The Book of God's Thought because was written in His guidance. This concept of revelation has serious implications to the dogma of the Trinity. Based on Bible, Jehovah's Witnesses believes that God is not the Trinity, but God is One God and One Person named Jehovah. Jesus also is not part of the Trinity. Indeed Jesus is believed as God's word, but as a speaker of God. He is also believed as the son, as God fiirst creation. by God. Therefore, Jesus is a creature of Jehovah and is not God, so is not part of the Trinity.
Vulnerability of Subsistence Systems Due to Social and Environmental Change: A Case Study in the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
Authors: Herman-Mercer Nicole M. , Laituri Melinda , Massey Maggie , Matkin Elli , Toohey Ryan , Elder Kelly , Schuster Paul F. , Mutter Edda
Published: September 2019

Arctic Indigenous communities have been classified as highly vulnerable to climate change impacts. The remoteness of Arctic communities, their dependence upon local species and habitats, and the historical marginalization of Indigenous peoples enhances this characterization of vulnerability. However, vulnerability is a result of diverse historical, social, economic, political, cultural, institutional, natural resource, and environmental conditions and processes and is not easily reduced to a single metric. Furthermore, despite the widespread characterization of vulnerability, Arctic Indigenous communities are extremely resilient as evidenced by subsistence institutions that have been developed over thousands of years. We explored the vulnerability of subsistence systems in the Cup’ik village of Chevak and Yup’ik village of Kotlik through the lens of the strong seasonal dimensions of resource availability. In the context of subsistence harvesting in Alaska Native villages, vulnerability may be determined by analyzing the exposure of subsistence resources to climate change impacts, the sensitivity of a community to those impacts, and the capacity of subsistence institutions to absorb these impacts. Subsistence resources, their seasonality, and perceived impacts to these resources were investigated via semi-structured interviews and participatory mapping-calendar workshops. Results suggest that while these communities are experiencing disproportionate impacts of climate change, Indigenous ingenuity and adaptability provide an avenue for culturally appropriate adaptation strategies. However, despite this capacity for resiliency, rapid socio-cultural changes have the potential to be a barrier to community adaptation and the recent, ongoing shifts in seasonal weather patterns may make seasonally specific subsistence adaptations to landscape particularly vulnerable.
Pacific Salmon in the Rapidly Changing Arctic: Exploring Local Knowledge and Emerging Fisheries in Utqiaġvik and Nuiqsut, Alaska
Authors: Carothers Courtney , Sformo Todd L. , Cotton Shelley , George John C. , Westley Peter A.H.
Published: September 2019

One of the most pervasive signals of global climate change is altered patterns of distribution with trends towards poleward shifts of species. While habitat loss and destruction has severed connections between people and salmon in many locales, salmon fisheries in the high Arctic are just beginning to develop. To explore these emergent connections, we gathered local knowledge about Pacific salmon and emerging subsistence salmon fisheries in the Beaufort Sea region through ethnographic research in Utqiaġvik (formerly Barrow) and Nuiqsut, Alaska. Between 2010 and 2013, we interviewed 41 active fishermen and Elders who generally agreed that harvests of Pacific salmon species have been increasing in recent years, beginning in the 1990s and early 2000s. About 46% of active fishermen and Elders who discussed salmon abundance perceived an increasing trend over time. Another 43% characterized salmon abundance as cyclical or perceived no directional trend over time. The remaining fishermen (all from Nuiqsut) expressed their perception of decreasing salmon and fish abundance overall related to oil and gas development impacts to their local lands and waters. Given these mixed perceptions and harvests being an imperfect proxy for abundance, it remains unclear whether salmon populations are expanding in Arctic river systems. However, research participants have identified new stream systems not currently documented in the scientific literature where salmon are present and thought to be spawning. In both communities, we found that many fishermen and Elders often do not differentiate Pacific salmon species. Fishermen in both communities are developing new knowledge of salmon and increasing their use of salmon as a subsistence resource, yet uncertainties in the current data and local knowledge combine to generate equivocal evidence that salmon abundance is increasing. This lack of a clear increase in salmon abundance provides nuance to a simple story that warming has led to the increases of salmon in the Arctic. Despite the uncertainty regarding abundance, it is clear we are witnessing an emergence of new salmon fisheries in the high Arctic, perceived to be one among a suite of environmental and social changes currently being experienced in this region.
Water Vulnerability in Arctic Households: A Literature-based Analysis
Authors: Sohns Antonia , Ford James , Riva Mylene , Robinson Brian , Adamowski Jan
Published: September 2019

There is an urgent need to understand the contextual factors that influence water vulnerability of households in the Arctic. To evaluate the existing knowledge of Arctic household water vulnerability, this paper presents the results of a narrative review with a systematic search. The review identified 112 documents, including peer-reviewed articles, reviews, book chapters, proceedings papers, and meeting abstracts. The documents were analyzed for the main factors affecting water vulnerability in Arctic households, which fell into two categories: biophysical factors and anthropogenic factors. Within the biophysical category, the majority of documents noted climate change impacts on freshwater supplies and water systems, followed by attention to extreme weather and the seasonality of water supplies. Within the anthropogenic category, the vast majority highlighted infrastructure as the primary issue affecting water access, followed by economic, governance, socio-cultural, and demographic factors. Through these diverse influencing factors, this review situates the discussion of household water vulnerability in the Arctic in a more nuanced light. The categories illuminate patterns between factors, which can worsen, assuage, or mitigate water vulnerability. The complex relationships between these factors influence the degree and nature of water vulnerability in Arctic households. In order to successfully address household water vulnerability in the Arctic, these factors and their dynamic relationships must be considered in freshwater policy and management frameworks.
Dancing Transnationally
Authors: Mollenhauer Jeanette
Published: September 2019

This paper employs a transnational lens to explore traditional Croatian dance practices in Sydney, Australia. It looks first at individuals and their emotional ties with Croatia as expressed through participation in dance groups. Then, three strands of group activity are explored. Organisations provide structure for alliances between groups; pedagogical principles were brought from Croatia but have undergone modification for the Australian situation, and material exchanges across borders include costume purchase and financial remittances. The transnational framework produces a detailed analysis of dance in the Croatian community in Sydney.
New Research on Developmental Idealism
Authors: Allendorf Keera , Thornton Arland
Published: September 2019

In this introduction, we offer an overview of developmental idealism (DI) theory and the contributions of this special issue. DI is a collection of values and beliefs about socioeconomic development and its causal links to other elements of societies. Within DI, some societal elements are identified as “modern,” inherently good, and helpful to development, while others are identified as “traditional,” undesirable, and unhelpful to development. DI theory posits that these schemas spread from Northwest European elites to ordinary people. In turn, people are motivated to adopt “modern” behaviors because they are seen as the means of achieving a good life and socioeconomic development. The articles in this special issue contribute to the empirical investigation of DI theory in a variety of ways. This issue enriches the DI methodological toolkit, demonstrating, for example, that DI measures are valid and reliable and that internet search queries can be used to examine DI. The articles also make strides in assessing the prevalence and nature of DI thinking, from the internet to far-flung geographic locations, including Albania, Kenya, Nepal, and Vietnam. Finally, this issue contributes to identifying pathways for the spread of DI, pointing to national elites, monetary incentives, and television.
Developmental Idealism, the International Population Movement, and the Transformation of Population Ideology in Kenya*
Authors: Watkins Susan Cotts , Hodgson Dennis
Published: September 2019

The spread of developmental idealism's beliefs about how “modern” family practices help achieve a modern prosperous society did not happen spontaneously, especially in societies whose family systems bore little initial resemblance to the “modern” ideal. We examine how Kenya in the 1960s became the first sub-Saharan country to adopt a fertility reduction policy, even though Kenya's leaders and their Western advisers initially had very different population ideologies. The advisers were neo-Malthusians who viewed continued high fertility in the face of rapid mortality decline as a grave threat to Third World development, whereas most Kenyans were traditional mercantilists who viewed a larger family and a larger population as signs of wealth and prosperity. Kenyans' conversion to neo-Malthusianism is often presented as the simple result of education and reason: Kenyans came to be convinced that progress requires slower population growth and lower fertility, achieved through modern methods of fertility control. Our account differs. It recognizes that neo-Malthusianism was a Western export that faced substantial opposition and that its adoption was the result of a coordinated movement by neo-Malthusians that applied pressure on Kenyan elites to change the intimate behavior of their people. We conclude that developmental idealism has spread from its Western origins to ordinary people around the world, but that the process was not simple, inevitable, or uniform.
La gestión natural de capital social, ¿una alternativa económica a la vulnerabilidad de la clase media en Monterrey Nuevo León, México?
Authors: Leal Iga Jorge
Published: September 2019

Aunque en México existe un importante segmento socioeconómico de la población clasificado como clase media, se compone en gran parte por ciudadanos que se encuentran apenas sobre la línea que los separa de la pobreza, dada su alta propensión a la vulnerabilidad al exponerse al menos a una carencia social o al ingreso insuficiente. Ante la imposibilidad para dichas personas de alcanzar mayores niveles de ingreso económico en el país, esta investigación se interesó en el estudio de la gestión natural de capital social, como alternativa para que ese grupo poblacional pueda alcanzar la sustitución parcial de los beneficios que obtendría del capital económico del que carece.
The Utilization of Instagram as a Media Promotion : the Case Study of Library in Indonesia
Authors: Azwar Muhammad , Sulthonah Siti
Published: September 2019

This paper aims to explore the Instagram utilization and its obstacles as a media promotion of Pustakalana’s library in Bandung, West Java. The research uses qualitative approach. The informants of this research are Pustakalana’s Instagram administrator and Pustakalana’s coordinator, while data collection techniques consist of observation, interview, literature study, and documentation. Triangulation method is used to test data validity and credibility. Technical data analysis involves of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that Pustakalana’s library has been utilized the Instagram to promote its library, such as various activities and services growing children’s creativity and imagination, events and workshops for parents, photographs of popular and recommended book collection, quotes to motivate children to read, and the atmospheres of the library and bookstore which are convenient and exciting, and another library services information. Instagram of Pustakalana’s library is not only used for promoting its activities, but also for sharing information and communication by its followers in media. Instagram features are almost entirely utilized by the library on promotions and interactions in other social media. The promoted content in Instagram account contains all information that relate to the library. Nevertheless, they are obstacles emerge in Pustakalana’s Library such as the incompatibility between the number of followers with the number of likers who are obtained on each uploaded post, and the lack of human resources. DOI: 10.15408/insaniyat.v2i2.7320
Tracing a Narrative of Muslim Self-Aftermath of 9/11 in Monica Ali’s Brick Lane: Islamophobia in the West
Authors: Aziz Ahmed Saad
Published: September 2019

This study is aimed at finding a narrative of Muslim self-aftermath of 9/11 in the West when it was swept with hatred against Muslims leading to the rise of Islamophobia which is herself experienced by the novelist, Monica Ali. Penning from her own experience, the novel, Brick Lane (2003) can be considered as real experience of many people who were held responsible for crime committed. This study employs descriptive qualitative method in dealing with the rise of islamophobia in the West after the incident of 9/11. This is the textual analysis of the experiences of diasporic Muslim couple from Bangladesh living in London and being the witness of the rise of xenophobia in the form of islamophobia aftermath of 9/11. This evaluation and interpretation are importance in the contemporary scenario as there is a continuous rise of such incidents in Europe and America in different ways. The outcome of these incidents is that it is mostly the innocent Muslims who are being attacked for a crime committed by others.The result shows the bitter experience of simple Bangladeshi Muslims immigrant who struggled for identity crisis in a multicultural highly educated world. It also reflects the personal experiences of writer herself as she being a Bangladeshi is living in West. The result was evaluated by examining Bangladeshi immigrant characters and their various circumstances and situations in the novel. Moreover, the point is that people of South Asian countries like India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Afghanistan prefer to live and work in West for better standard of living, education and job prospects.
The Contrast Portrayals of American and Pakistani Culture in The Big Sick Movie
Authors: Nikita Nidia , Andela Ranti , Fauziah Ghina Zahra , Nazafi Zhia Aulia
Published: September 2019

This study aims to describe the cultural stereotypes between American and Pakistani that are portrayed in The Big Sick (2017) movie. This study uses a qualitative method with a Cultural Studies approach. The analysis is done by looking at the characteristics of American and Pakistani characters by using the theory of characterization from Boggs and the theory of representation by Stuart Hall to present the cultural stereotype issues that appear in the movie (Hall, 1997). The cultural stereotype of the American and Pakistani culture is presented by some American characters (Emily and her family) and some Pakistani characters (Kumail and his family) of The Big Sick movie. The result of the study shows that the characteristics of Pakistani characters are religious and deceitful, while the characteristics of American characters are smart and straightforward. Furthermore, through the analysis of the characters’ characteristics, the writers found the cultural stereotype in the movie. Pakistani characters are associated with conservatism and close-mindedness. On the contrary, American characters are associated with modernism and open-mindedness. It can be concluded that in this movie, American culture is depicted as more positive than Pakistani.
The Effectiveness of Zakat in Developing Muslims in Malaysia
Authors: Meerangani Khairul Azhar
Published: September 2019

Zakat is the third of the five pillars of Islamic faith, relating to wealth and welfare of the society that helps to close the gap between the poor and the rich. The efficient and systematic zakat management is able to propel it’s potential as an instrument of human developments especially among Muslims. The optimum utilization of zakat funds is essential to improving the quality and potential of every Muslim. In Malaysia, zakat is administrated by the Islamic Religious Council (IRC) in every state. The IRC is responsible for determining the beneficiary's qualification and the type of relief that is appropriate based on the background of each recipient so that the relief can be utilized to fulfill their needs. This study aims to assess the potential of zakat in developing the quality of Muslims in Malaysia by highlighting the practice of each IRC in distributing relief to each qualified zakat recipient. The distribution statistics and the form of programs provided by the IRC were analyzed descriptively to see the potential of zakat itself practically in improving the quality of Muslims. The study found that the IRC has provided various programs aimed at improving the quality of asnaf through equitable distribution of economics, social welfare distribution, human capital production and upgrading of education. Thus, every Muslim, especially zakat payers, should take the opportunity to equally engage with the IRC to ensure that zakat funds can be optimized for the developments of Muslims in Malaysia.
La sociologie comme elle s’écrit. De Bourdieu à Latour, de J-L. Fabiani
Authors: Urteaga Eguzki
Published: September 2019

Jean-Louis Fabiani publicó su libro La sociologie comme elle s’écrit. De Bourdieu à Latour (La sociología tal como se escribe. De Bourdieu a Latour) en la colección Cas de figure de la Editorial de la Escuela de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Sociales (ehess). Es preciso recordar que este sociólogo galo fue antiguo alumno de la prestigiosa Escuela Normal Superior (ens), antes de obtener la agregación de Filosofía y de ocupar el puesto de Director Regional de Asuntos Culturales en Córcega entre 1988 y 1991. Su carrera universitaria se ha desarrollado esencialmente en la ehess, primero como maestro de investigación y, posteriormente, como director de estudios. Es igualmente investigador asociado en el Centro de Estudios Sociológicos y Políticos Raymond Aron (cespra) que depende del Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (cnrs). Así mismo, ha sido profesor invitado, en varias ocasiones, en las universidades de Chicago y Michigan, así como catedrático asociado en la Universidad de Montreal. Desde el 2011, es catedrático senior en la Universidad Europa Central de Budapest, en el seno del Departamento de Sociología y Antropología.