bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Culture in Parents’ Socialization of Children’s Emotional Development
Authors: Bowie Bonnie H. , Carrère Sybil , Cooke Cheryl , Valdivia Guadalupe , McAllister Brittany , Doohan Eve-Anne
Published: June 2011

Parents’ emotion coaching of children and modeling of effective emotional responses are associated with children’s positive emotional development. However, much of the research in this area has been with European American families. This study examined parents’ self-reports about their emotion regulation patterns and coaching their children about emotions, across three racial and ethnic groups (African American, European American, and Multiracial), to determine how well these parental behaviors predicted their children’s self-reports of depressive and anxiety symptoms 18 to 24 months later ( N = 99). For the African American families, a higher level of coaching about anger and sadness by mothers was linked with lower depressive symptoms in their children. A higher level of anger coaching by fathers within the Multiracial group was also associated with lower anxiety and depressive symptoms. This study supports the importance of cultural values, within racial and ethnic groups, in parenting approaches associated with children’s mental health outcomes.
Synthesis, tensile, and thermal properties of polyimide/diamond nanocomposites
Authors: Xiaoyan Yu  , Xiongwei Qu  , Naito Kimiyoshi , Qingxin Zhang
Published: June 2011

Polyimide/diamond nanocomposites were prepared using 4,4′-diaminoiphenyl ether and 3,3 ′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride. The structure of the polyimide/diamond nanocomposites was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet and transmission electron microscopy. Agglomeration of nano diamond particles is observed in polyimide matrix as revealed by transmission electron microscopy micrographs which is ascribed to the high surface free energy of particles. Both tensile strength and failure strain of polyimide are obviously enhanced with incorporation of nano diamond particles though tensile modulus only shows slight increase. The reinforcing effect of nano diamond on polyimide is discussed. Thermal stabilities of the polyimide/diamond nanocomposites are evaluated using a thermogravimetric analyzer. The thermal stability of nanocomposites is slightly reduced as indicated by a small decrease in onset degradation temperature.
Effects of residual thermal stresses on the debond characterization of sandwich beams
Authors: Yokozeki T. , Block T.B. , Herrmann A.S.
Published: June 2011

The crack tip element method is applied to the formulation of energy release rates associated with face sheet debonding of sandwich beams with residual thermal stresses using the bi-layer Timoshenko beam model. Special attention is paid to the energy release rates of DCB and MMB tests for debond characterization. Mode-I and mode-II energy release rates are formulated including residual thermal stresses. The derived analytical results are verified by comparison with finite element analysis. The effect of residual thermal stresses on the evaluated apparent fracture toughness, resulting from the neglect of residual thermal stresses in the standard evaluation methods, is discussed.
Waste newsprint fibers for reinforcement of radiation-cured styrene butadiene rubber-based composites - Part I: Mechanical and physical properties
Authors: Ali Magdy A. , El-Nemr Khaled F. , Hassan Medhat M.
Published: June 2011

In this study, waste newsprint paper fiber was treated by polystyrene emulsion and included as a filler in styrene butadiene rubber. Then, the composites were subjected to electron beam irradiation at different irradiation doses, and follow-up was done on the effect of irradiation dose and fiber concentration on mechanical and physical properties of prepared composites. The results indicated that the mechanical properties like tensile strength, elongation at break, stiffness, and toughness were enhanced by the increase of radiation and fiber content. Also, the physical properties like soluble fraction, swelling ratio, and volume fraction of rubber in swollen gel were enhanced by the increase of radiation and fiber content. On the other hand, scanning electron microscope (SEM) results confirmed that adhesion was situated between fiber and rubber matrix.
Simulation analysis of influence factors for preparation of dispersed cap-open carbon nanotubes using CCVD
Authors: Sun Zhen-Feng , Qi Le-Hua , Yang Shu  , Li He-Jun
Published: June 2011

In order to investigate the reaction mechanism and production rate for the growth of dispersed cap-open carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in catalyst chemical vapor deposition, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model with multi-step reaction was developed in this study. The CFD calculations coupled with temperature field and concentration field demonstrated that laminar flow conditions were presented and steep thermal gradient and concentration gradient existed in the axis of the reactor. Applying the CFD calculation, total deposition rate of CNTs in the reactor were predicted with the variation of the processing parameters. The results show that the maximum deposition rate can be obtained with the temperature from 1050 to 1200 K and the flow rate of the ethanol should be controlled over 300 sccm.
Measures of Emotional Intelligence and Social Acceptability in Children: A Concurrent Validity Study
Authors: Windingstad Sunny , McCallum R. Steve , Mee Bell Sherry , Dunn Patrick
Published: June 2011

The concurrent validity of two measures of Emotional Intelligence (EI), one considered a trait measure, the other an ability measure, was examined by administering the Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version (EQi:YV; Bar-On & Parker, 2000), the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test: Youth Version (MSCEIT:YV; Mayer, Salovey, & Caruso, in press), and a sociometric measure to 102 upper elementary students in the U.S. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients across various scores of the EI instruments ranged from −.02 ( p > .05) to .39 ( p < .01), suggesting the instruments are measuring somewhat different constructs. Scores on two sets of theoretically similar scales across instruments yielded significant correlation but others did not. Results from dependent t tests showed no significant difference between overall mean scores of the EQi:YV and MSCEIT:YV ( p < .05). Only the Interpersonal and General Mood scales of the EQi:YV correlate significantly with the sociometric ( p < .05). Implications for further research in EI are discussed.
Finding Creative Potential on Intelligence Tests via Divergent Production
Authors: Kaufman James C. , Kaufman Scott Barry , Lichtenberger Elizabeth O.
Published: June 2011

Assessing creative potential using a comprehensive battery of standardized tests requires a focus on how and why an individual responds in addition to how well they respond. Using the “intelligent testing” philosophy of focusing on the person being tested rather than the measure itself helps psychologists form a more complete picture of an examinee, which may include information about his or her creative potential. Although most aspects of creativity are not present in current individually based IQ and achievement tests, one exception is divergent production. Although still poorly represented, some subtests show great potential for tapping into divergent production, and hence provide some insight into creativity. The research on the relationship between measures of intelligence and creativity is discussed in this article. The authors also propose a way to use individually administered cognitive and achievement batteries to extract information about an individual’s divergent production and general creative potential.
Fabrication and Characterization of Jute Fabric-Reinforced PVC-based Composite
Authors: Khan R.A. , Khan M.A. , Zaman H.U. , Parvin F. , Islam T. , Nigar F. , Islam R. , Saha S. , Mustafa A.I.
Published: June 2011

Jute fabrics (hessian cloth) reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) based composites were prepared by compression molding. Jute content varied from 40–60 wt% in the composites. Four layers of jute fabrics were compression molded with five layers of PVC. It was found that the composite containing 40% jute fabrics showed the best performance. The values of tensile strength (TS), bending strength (BS), tensile modulus (TM), and bending modulus (BM) of the composite (40 wt% jute fabrics) were found to be 59.3 MPa, 62.6 MPa, 1.3 GPa, and 3.2 GPa, respectively. The values of TS and BS were improved to 77% and 46%, respectively, compared to the matrix material PVC. Scanning electron microscopic analysis was carried out to investigate the interfacial properties of the composites. Degradation tests of the composites (up to 6 months) were performed in soil medium and showed partial degradation nature.
Mass Gain Estimation Between Double and Single-Bonded Composite Repairs for Inclined Cracks in Aircraft Structures
Authors: Albedah A. , Berrahou M. , Es-Saheb M. , Benyahia F. , Bachir Bouiadjra B.
Published: June 2011

Repair of cracked components by an adhesively bonded composite patch has gained acceptance in aerospace structures. The advantages of the double symmetric repair compared to the single one are well known. These advantages permit a significant reduction of the stress intensity near the repaired defect. In this study, a new approach was used to determine the advantage of the double symmetric patch: it is the determination of the mass gain obtained by the use of the double patch if the two techniques (single and double patches) give the same stress intensity at the crack tip. The mass gain was estimated numerically using the three-dimensional finite element method for repaired inclined cracks. The obtained results show that the mass gain eventually obtained by the use of the double patch can be very significant.
Properties of Single and Hybrid Aluminum and Silver Fillers Filled High-Density Polyethylene Composites
Authors: Nurul Hidayah I. , Mariatti M.
Published: June 2011

The electrical and thermal properties of two series of composites, single-filler aluminum (Al) and silver (Ag) and hybrid-filler Al/Ag-filled high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites, are reported. The composites were prepared by mixing using an internal mixer followed by compression molding. Studies on the electrical properties of single-filler composites showed an insulator-to-conductor transition in HDPE/Ag and HDPE/Al between 45–55 wt% and 55–65 wt% filler loadings, respectively. This is due to the formation of conductive paths that spanned throughout the polymer matrix, as revealed by morphology study. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that the degradation temperature of the composites decreased with the incorporation of 15 wt% Al- and Ag-fillers but increased slightly after the addition of 55 wt% of the filler. Investigation on the effect of hybrid composites showed that high-electrical conductivity was achieved, exhibiting percolation phenomenon in HDPE/80Ag20Al and HDPE/70Ag30Al composites where in these composites, 20% and 30% from 55 wt% of Ag were replaced with Al fillers, respectively. Furthermore, thermal stability significantly increased when hybridization was conducted to form the composite.
Effect of the Surface Preparation on PP Reinforced Glass Fiber Adhesive Lap Joints Strength
Authors: Reis P.N.B. , Ferreira J.M. , Richardson M.O.W.
Published: June 2011

This article is concerned with the influence of surface treatment on the strength of single lap joints. The tensile tests were carried out in order to find the surface treatments which maximize joint strength using polypropylene reinforced glass fiber as adherents. The maximum shear strength was obtained with the trichlorethylene plus primer treatment when using a cyanoacrylate adhesive. The pretreatment effectiveness was evaluated in terms of environmental durability and an important decrease in static strength of adhesive joints occurred when they were immersed in water.
Effect of Nanoclay on the Microstructure and the Properties of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR)/OMMT Nanocomposites
Authors: Azlina H. Noor , Sahrim H.A. , Rozaidi R.
Published: June 2011

Thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR)/organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending method with the optimum mixing parameters (140°C, 100 rpm, 12 min) using internal mixer (Haake 600 P). The aim of this study is to determine the effects of OMMT on the microstructure and properties of TPNR with and without coupling agent (maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, MA-PE). In this study, tensile test was performed to investigate the optimum system of TPNR/OMMT nanocomposites within 2–8 wt% filler content. It revealed that the optimum loading of OMMT was at 4 wt%. Furthermore, this system was studied with the incorporation of MA-PE (3–15 wt%). The microstructure of the nanocomposites was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD and TEM results exhibited that a combination of intercalated and exfoliated structure was formed in the composites. The thermal stability and crystallization of the nanocomposites were further investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermal stability of the nanocomposites, characterized by the initial decomposition temperatures, was substantially improved compared with that of the neat TPNR. The DSC results show that the crystallization temperature of nanocomposites was increased compared with the neat TPNR. The Tg of TPNR was lowered by the incorporation of the OMMT.
Collective narratives and politics in the contemporary study of work: the new management practices debate
Authors: Stewart Paul , Lucio Miguel Martínez
Published: June 2011

In this article we explore the question of how as sociologists of work we might research those who constitute the substance of our labour process. We approach this question through an examination of the new management practices debate, principally in the labour movement where a distinctive and critical view of NMP developed in the late 1980s. Second, we argue that there is a link between this debate and the wider politics of labour process discussion both within and beyond the labour movement which has witnessed a shift away from an earlier engagement with worker interventions. In response we suggest the need to re-evaluate the nature of academic engagement with labour thus reanimating a closer engagement with labour-in-work and collective worker narratives.
Support for the work-life balance in Europe: the impact of state, workplace and family support on work-life balance satisfaction
Authors: Abendroth Anja-Kristin , den Dulk Laura
Published: June 2011

This article studies the relevance of different types of support for satisfaction with work life balance. More specifically, it investigates the relevance of state, instrumental and emotional workplace and family support, based on a survey of 7867 service-sector workers in eight European countries. The article starts by mapping available state, workplace and family support in order to determine which source dominates in which country and whether these sources match Esping-Andersen’s welfare regime typology. The impact of the different support sources is then examined. Findings indicate that support for employee work-life balance satisfaction has a direct and moderating effect. Finally, results show that emotional support and instrumental support in the workplace have a complementary relationship. Whereas emotional family support has a positive impact on work-life balance satisfaction, instrumental family support does not.
In search of the perfect manager? Work-life balance and managerial work
Authors: Ford Jackie , Collinson David
Published: June 2011

Work-life balance debates continue to proliferate but give relatively little critical attention to managerial workers. This article draws on research into the experiences of managers in a local government organization revealing an intricate, multifaceted and heterogeneous picture of fragmentation, conflicting demands, pressures and anxieties. The study highlights the importance of paid work for public sector managers; the concomitant difficulties in controlling working hours for those in managerial roles and the extent to which shifts in work orientation occur during managers’ careers. Research findings suggest that in practice work-life balance initiatives may only serve to increase managerial anxieties and pressures, the very opposite outcome to that intended. These themes do not feature in many work-life balance debates, which tend to assume the perfect manager who is able and willing to create a symmetrical balance between different spheres of life.
Neotropical human–landscape interactions, fire, and atmospheric CO2 during European conquest
Authors: Nevle R.J. , Bird D.K. , Ruddiman W.F. , Dull R.A.
Published: June 2011

Neotropical biomass burning reconstructions synthesized from soil and sedimentary charcoal records indicate a period of reduced biomass burning sustained for several centuries after ~500 cal. yr BP. Proxy records of solar irradiance, El Niño events, temperature, and precipitation document regionally variable climate-related trends that do not account for the uniform reduction in burning across the Neotropics. Decreased human ignition resulting from pandemic-induced mortality offers an alternative, geographically comprehensive explanation. In addition, natural (solar-volcanic) factors can explain only ~1.3 ppm out of the rapid 6–10 ppm CO2 decrease between ad 1525 and the early 1600s. Reforestation following land abandonment due to population collapse has the potential to account for the rest of this CO2 decline, and variations in the 13C/12C of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 are consistent with both a major reduction in Neotropical landscape management by fire and massive reforestation. Our findings are demonstrative of the scale at which pre-industrial human activities influenced Earth’s atmospheric greenhouse gas budget.
Measuring the economic value of the electronic scientific information services in Portuguese academic libraries
Authors: Baptista Melo Luiza , Pacheco Pires Cesaltina
Published: June 2011

This article has three main objectives: i) to describe the use patterns of electronic and traditional resources in Portuguese academic libraries; ii) to estimate the value of the Portuguese electronic scientific information consortium b-on by using two alternative valuation methodologies; iii) to relate the use patterns with the valuation of b-on. We estimate the value of the Portuguese electronic scientific information consortium b-on by using two alternative evaluation methodologies: a) the value of the time saved by using this electronic resource; and b) the contingent valuation method to estimate how much the user is willing to pay for the service. Our results show wide differences in use patterns, with professors, researchers and PhD students having a more intense use of digital library services than undergraduate and masters students. Moreover, the benefit-cost ratios computed using the two valuation techniques indicate that the value of the electronic scientific information consortium b-on is well above its costs. Finally, the study shows that the valuation of b-on is higher for the user groups with higher percentage use of digital services.
Acute cerebellar ataxia in lupus
Authors: Chattopadhyay P , Dhua D , Philips CA , Saha S
Published: June 2011

Acute cerebellar ataxia in patients with lupus is rare and occurs early in the course of disease. We report a case of acute cerebellar ataxia in a young adult female who recovered completely with intravenous high-dose steroid therapy.
Development of a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry technique to diagnose white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) poisoning in a cow
Authors: Meyerholtz Kimberly A. , Burcham Grant N. , Miller Margaret A. , Wilson Christina R. , Hooser Stephen B. , Lee Stephen T.
Published: June 2011

An 8-year-old, crossbred beef cow was referred to the Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory at Purdue University for a complete necropsy in October 2009. The cow was the sixth to die in a 7-day period. Affected cows were reportedly stumbling and became weak, excitable, and recumbent. Histologically, myonecrosis was severe in the skeletal muscles and mild in the heart and tongue. According to the submitter, exposure to a poisonous plant was suspected, and a plant specimen received from this case was identified as white snakeroot ( Ageratina altissima). Using the white snakeroot specimen, a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analytical method for the detection of tremetone and dehydrotremetone (2 components of white snakeroot) was developed. Both tremetone and dehydrotremetone were detected in the plant specimen. Dehydrotremetone was recovered from the liver, while neither component was recovered in the rumen content. In the past, because of the lack of standard reference material, the diagnosis of white snakeroot poisoning was based mainly on history of exposure and the presence of the plant in the rumen. The analytical method described herein can be used to document exposure to tremetone or dehydrotremetone in cases of suspected white snakeroot poisoning when coupled with the appropriate clinical signs and lesions.
Clinicopathologic findings in a dog with a retrobulbar meningioma
Authors: Regan Daniel P. , Kent Marc , Mathes Rachael , Almy Frederic S. , Moore Phillip A. , Howerth Elizabeth W.
Published: June 2011

An 11-year-old Fox Terrier dog was evaluated for a 10-month history of progressive exophthalmia and visual deficits in the right eye. Ophthalmologic examination revealed severe corneal fibrosis and pigmentation, which obscured examination of the anterior chamber of the right eye. There was decreased retropulsion of the right eye. Neurological examination revealed an absent menace response bilaterally. Pupillary light reflex was normal in the left eye. Due to the corneal pathology, pupillary light reflex was unable to be evaluated in the right eye. A retrobulbar mass with heterogeneous echotexture was identified using ultrasonography. Cytological evaluation of a fine-needle aspirate of the mass disclosed a neoplastic cell population consisting of round to polygonal cells with lightly basophilic to gray cytoplasm and round to ovoid nuclei having a coarse granular chromatin pattern. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed a right-sided retrobulbar mass that extended through the optic canal and was contiguous with an extra-axial mass in the ventral right rostral and middle cranial fossae. The mass displayed homogenous and strong contrast enhancement. Following exenteration, histological examination of the retrobulbar mass was consistent with meningioma. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells stained positive for vimentin (cytoplasmic) and E-cadherin (membranous), and negative for S100, pancytokeratin, and cytokeratins AE1 and AE3.
Gerstmann Meets Geschwind
Authors: Kleinschmidt Andreas , Rusconi Elena
Published: June 2011

That disconnection causes clinical symptoms is a very influential concept in behavioral neurology. Criteria for subcortical disconnection usually are symptoms that are distinct from those following cortical lesions and damage to a single, long-range fiber tract. Yet, a recent study combining functional magnetic resonance imaging and fiber tracking concluded that a focal lesion in left parietal white matter provides the only tenable explanation for pure Gerstmann’s syndrome, an enigmatic tetrad of acalculia, agraphia, finger agnosia, and left-right disorientation. Such a lesion would affect not only a single fiber tract but crossing or “kissing” of different fiber tracts and hence disconnect separate cortical networks. As fiber crossing is prominent in the cerebral white matter, the authors propose an extension to the subcortical disconnection framework that opens the door to ascribing a more diversified clinical phenomenology to white matter damage and ensuing disconnection than has been the case so far.
Structural Modulation of Dendritic Spines during Synaptic Plasticity
Authors: Fortin Dale A. , Srivastava Taasin , Soderling Thomas R.
Published: June 2011

The majority of excitatory synaptic input in the brain is received by small bulbous actin-rich protrusions residing on the dendrites of glutamatergic neurons. These dendritic spines are the major sites of information processing in the brain. This conclusion is reinforced by the observation that many higher cognitive disorders, such as mental retardation, Rett syndrome, and autism, are associated with aberrant spine morphology. Mechanisms that regulate the maturation and plasticity of dendritic spines are therefore fundamental to understanding higher brain functions including learning and memory. It is well known that activity-driven changes in synaptic efficacy modulate spine morphology due to alterations in the underlying actin cytoskeleton. Recent studies have elucidated numerous molecular regulators that directly alter actin dynamics within dendritic spines. This review will emphasize activity-dependent changes in spine morphology and highlight likely roles of these actin-binding proteins.
Altered Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Tissue Inhibitors in Matured Rat Adipocytes in Vitro
Authors: Minematsu Takeo , Huang Lijuan , Ibuki Ai , Nakagami Gojiro , Akase Tomoko , Sugama Junko , Nagase Takashi , Yoshimura Kotaro , Sanada Hiromi
Published: June 2011

Obesity is recognized as a risk factor for delayed cutaneous wound healing. The authors hypothesized that the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) from subcutaneous adipose tissue correlates with disorder of the healing process in obese subjects. Findings from previous studies on the expression of MMPs and TIMPs in obese adipose tissue are inconsistent. Since these conflicting results could be due to the effect of several intrinsic factors, the authors conducted a simple in vitro experiment to clarify the change in profile of MMPs and TIMPs in excessively matured adipocytes. The authors cultured the induced adipocytes under conditions of high or low glucose and with or without insulin supplementation. Oil red O staining and its dye extraction assay revealed excessive lipid accumulation in high glucose and insulin-supplemented adipocytes. Additionally, there was altered expression of adipokines, similar to the change in adipose tissue in obese subjects. Under these conditions, the expression/activity of MMP8 was promoted and the expression of MMP3 and TIMP3 was inhibited. Further studies to determine the effect of other obesity-related factors, such as insulin resistance, on MMPs and TIMPs are required.
Written discourse development in CLIL at secondary school
Authors: Whittaker Rachel , Llinares Ana , McCabe Anne
Published: June 2011

This article presents a study of written development in English as a foreign language produced in a content and language integrated learning (CLIL) environment. The texts analysed, from history classes, were collected annually over the four-year obligatory junior secondary education program from the same students (aged 12 to 16), in two state schools in Madrid, Spain. The ability to produce coherent texts and the appropriate management of the nominal group, or noun phrase, to create disciplinary registers are key skills for academic writing. With the purpose of identifying the linguistic resources used to create coherence and appropriate register in the CLIL students’ written texts, all the nominal groups in the corpus were analysed in terms of recoverability of the elements they referred to, further classifying the referential elements into different types. Finally, the structure of the nominal groups was analysed for pre- and post-modification. The results show development in the control of textual resources, as well as some increase in nominal group complexity, over the four years. The study suggests that CLIL settings, which focus primarily on the learning of content, provide suitable contexts in which to develop written discourse, since the students can draw on a solid knowledge base from which to create their text. Students need to be given the opportunity to construct scaffolded but longer and more autonomous texts in the required genres, an ability which is inextricably linked to academic success in the content area.
Evaluation of the criterion and convergent validity of the Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders in young and low-functioning children
Authors: Maljaars Jarymke , Noens Ilse , Scholte Evert , van Berckelaer-Onnes Ina
Published: June 2011

The Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders (DISCO; Wing, 2006) is a standardized, semi-structured and interviewer-based schedule for diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the criterion and convergent validity of the DISCO-11 ICD-10 algorithm in young and low-functioning children. The DISCO-11, Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), and Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) were administered to a Dutch sample of 115 children comprising 52 children with ASD (both with and without intellectual disability), 26 children with intellectual disability (non-ASD), and 37 typically developing children. Results indicated high sensitivity and specificity for DISCO-11 classifications in differentiating ASD from non-ASD according to the clinical classification in children with mild intellectual disability or average intelligence. Among children with a moderate or severe intellectual disability the sensitivity was equally high, but the specificity was significantly lower. The agreement between DISCO-11 and ADOS classifications was substantial, between DISCO-11 and SCQ moderate. The correlations between raw scores of the DISCO and ADOS algorithm or SCQ were both high. In conclusion, the DISCO-11 differentiates accurately between autistic disorder and non-ASD in young children with an average intelligence or mild intellectual disability, but is over inclusive in the lower levels of intellectual disability.
Outgrowing the museum: The heritage Of Rakuchu Rakugai and its modern purposes
Authors: Loulanski Tolina , Loulanski Vesselin
Published: June 2011

The Rakuchu Rakugai folding screens represent one of the most brilliant genres of medieval Japanese painting. This article studies the growing significance attributed to such objects from the past, the plurality of messages they convey to people, the increase in meanings, readings and uses they have and the beginning of their new life as ‘heritage’. It is demonstrated that through acquiring a ‘heritage status’ they grow out of the proportions of isolated artistic objects that are silently housed in designated museums, and transform to become an integral part of the city itself, its contemporarity in space, spirit, people and activities, attesting to history of place and local distinctiveness. When would art grow to such dimensions? What is the reason behind this astonishing metamorphosis? We answer these questions, discussing Rakuchu Rakugai from a new heritage perspective that is theoretically grounded in the Heritage Studies literature.
Where is the political in cultural studies? In Palestine
Authors: Tawil-Souri Helga
Published: June 2011

By drawing on scholarship that focuses on cinema and music, the author argues that the very act of ‘creating culture’ in the contemporary Palestinian period is a form of political resistance. Second, given political conditions of countering Zionist/Israeli erasures, the study of Palestinian culture is also a form of political resistance. The author argues that the resistance at the heart of the two ‘analytics’ of culture and cultural studies is imperative.
Dynamic characteristics and processing of filler polyurethane elastomers for vibration damping applications
Authors: Mackintosh A R , Pethrick R A , Banks W M
Published: June 2011

Polyurethane elastomers have the potential of being used to reduce vibrational noise in many engineering applications. The performance of the elastomer is directly related to the match between the nature of the mechanical loss characteristics and the frequency and temperature dependence of the source of the vibration. Materials with a broad frequency/temperature response to mechanical loss and a high-mechanical stiffness are desirable for situations where load bearing and isolation becomes an issue. Because automobiles, and other related vehicles operate over a broad temperature range, it is desirable for the damping characteristics of the elastomer to be as independent of temperature and frequency as possible. In practice, this is not easy and the creation of materials with the aforementioned mechanical stiffness and loss properties is highly desirable. In this article, the effects of various fillers on the breadth and temperature dependence of the vibration damping characteristics of a filled and cross-linked polyurethane elastomer are explored. These materials have different shapes, sizes, and surface chemistry and undergo different types of interaction with the matrix. The vibration damping characteristics are further varied by the use of a cross-linking agent. Data presented on the rheological characteristics indicate the strength of the filler–polyol interactions. Dielectric relaxation and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis demonstrate the way in which changes in the type of filler, concentration, and amount of cross-linker lead to changes in the location and breadth of the energy dissipation process in these elastomers. The vibration damping characteristics of a selected material are presented to demonstrate the potential of these materials.
Shall we dance? The importance of staff-student relationships to undergraduate dissertation preparation
Authors: Derounian James
Published: June 2011

This article evaluates the factors that comprise the staff—student relationship as it relates to undergraduate dissertation preparation. By utilizing secondary and primary material the article pinpoints the emotionally charged backdrop to the dissertation — for both students and staff. The research points to the combined intellectual and counselling dimensions of the relationship. Data were generated through completed questionnaires by students either leading up to or finishing dissertations, by staff involved in dissertation advising at a single university, and by three international published specialists in teaching, learning and assessment. The research highlights the perceived importance of the staff—student relationship to all stages of dissertation production. Essential supervisor characteristics are identified, and the research culminates in the presentation of a student—supervisor ‘contract’ or guide, setting down their respective rights and responsibilities.
Living through end-stage dementia: The experiences and expressed needs of family carers
Authors: Shanley Chris , Russell Cherry , Middleton Heather , Simpson-Young Virginia
Published: June 2011

The focus of this paper is the experiences and needs of family carers of people with end-stage dementia. The project involved in-depth, qualitative interviews with 15 carers. The major themes emerging from the accounts of participants’ experiences were: getting support; having to trust others with care; managing the loneliness of being a carer; witnessing a loved one fade away; anticipating and experiencing death; and re-establishing life after the funeral. Carers expressed a range of instrumental and psychosocial needs. The study has provided a more personal account of the caring experience than much of the related literature. It has emphasized the need of carers for genuine understanding and connection — from family and friends as well as healthcare staff. The study highlights the amount of support carers can provide to each other through support groups and associated friendships, and stresses the importance of healthcare staff acknowledging and respecting this capacity of carers.
Strategies of alignment
Authors: Ravasi Davide , Phillips Nelson
Published: June 2011

During periods of strategic change, maintaining the congruence between new configurations of resources and activities (strategic investments) and how these new configurations are communicated to external organizational constituents (strategic projections) is an important task facing organizational leaders. One part of this activity is to manage organizational identity to ensure that the various strategic projections produced by organizational members are coherent and support the new strategic investments. Little is known, however, about how organizational leaders accomplish this crucial task. This study of strategic change at Bang & Olufsen highlights the different strategies available to organizational leaders to ensure members’ identity beliefs are aligned with their own beliefs about the distinctive and appealing organizational features that result from the new strategic investments and result in appropriate strategic projections. The study’s findings highlight the internal identity work – or identity management – that organizational leaders engage in to preserve this congruence. The findings also complement the current emphasis in the literature on the social validation of organizational identities by pointing to the importance of a connection between identity claims and beliefs, strategic projections and the material reality of organizational products, practices and structures.
Reliability of Scores on the Manifestation of Symptomatology Scale
Authors: Sullivan Jeremy R. , Moyer Michael S. , Gonzalez Gerardo E.
Published: June 2011

The Manifestation of Symptomatology Scale (MOSS) is a norm-referenced, self-report instrument designed to assess characteristics of psychopathology among children and adolescents from 11 to 18 years of age. Although the MOSS has been used in several research studies within juvenile justice or disciplinary education contexts, the psychometric properties have not been examined beyond preliminary information provided in the test manual. The current research uses the scores of 172 adolescents attending a juvenile justice alternative education program to assess internal consistency of scores. Alpha coefficients were generally consistent with those reported in the MOSS manual although several differences reached statistical significance, and significant gender and ethnicity differences in alpha coefficients were observed for the Sexual Abuse scale. Low item–total correlations also were observed for many scales. Implications related to internal consistency and use of the MOSS with different groups are discussed.
Human health issues on synthetic turf in the USA
Authors: Serensits T J , McNitt A S , Petrunak D M
Published: June 2011

As the popularity of infilled synthetic turf continues to increase, concerns over potentially negative impacts on the health of field users have arisen. One of the main health issues on synthetic turf fields is high surface temperature, which can contribute to physiological stress of athletes and can cause serious heat-related illnesses. At The Pennsylvania State University, various methods to reduce surface temperatures have been evaluated including irrigation, covering the surface with a tarpaulin, and amending infill with calcined clay. Many of the regimes tested were initially successful in lowering the surface temperature to that of natural turf grass; however, these low temperatures could not be maintained for periods of time equal to the length of standard sporting events. Another issue that has received attention is the possibility of athletes contracting bacterial skin infections, specifically those caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Infilled synthetic turf has been targeted as a potential source for harbouring S. aureus bacteria. A survey of 20 infilled synthetic turf fields was conducted to determine microbial population and presence of S. aureus bacteria. S. aureus colonies were not found to be present on any field; however, S. aureus colonies were found on other tested surfaces, including blocking pads, used towels, and weight equipment.
Arrow behaviour in free flight
Authors: Park J L
Published: June 2011

As an arrow exits a bow, it may have a non-zero angle of attack in both the vertical and the horizontal planes. It might also have a non-zero angular rotation about its centre of mass and will probably be flexing longitudinally. In this paper, the arrow behaviour in free flight in the horizontal plane and without wind has been analysed. A finite difference method was used to solve the equations of motion. This was compared with the measured behaviour for arrows shot from a compound archery bow (although the results are also applicable for recurve bows).

Given typical initial conditions, the arrow oscillates longitudinally about its centre of mass, with the period and damping largely determined by the fletch area, and gains a lateral velocity component and lateral displacement. For normal fletch sizes the oscillation will be under-damped. In the absence of archer technique error, the longitudinal oscillation was found to have minimal effect on the accuracy.
The experimental study of a miniature high-speed gas-bearing expansion turbine
Authors: Chen R G , Liu Y , Hou Y , Xi G
Published: June 2011

The miniature high-speed gas-bearing turbomachinery is one of the research focuses in the fields of energy and cryogenic engineering in recent years. In this article, a new miniature static gas-bearing expansion turbine with a shaft diameter of 6 mm, turbine impeller diameter of 9 mm, and designed rotational speed of 300 000 r/min was developed. The developed prototype of this miniature expansion turbine is comprehensively introduced and the structure characteristics are presented. Then the preliminary mechanical and thermodynamic performances for the developed prototype are experimentally measured. Research results show that this developed expansion turbine has some noticeable features, such as stable operation with small vibration. It can reach 15 per cent over-speed and provide a quick temperature drop. Experimental verification demonstrates that both mechanical and thermodynamic performances agree with expected requirements. Hence, a strong base has been established in China to further develop miniature high-speed gas-bearing expansion turbines.
Evaluation of low strain rate constitutive equation of 7075 aluminium alloy at high temperature
Authors: Jenab A , Karimi Taheri A
Published: June 2011

The 7075 aluminium alloy is one of the most important engineering alloys utilised extensively in aircraft and transportation industries due to its high specific strength. In the present research, the flow behaviour of this alloy has been investigated using hot compression test at strain rates of 0·001, 0·01, 0·1 and 1 s−1 and temperatures of 350, 400 and 450°C. The results reveal that dynamic softening occurred in these temperatures and strain rates. The activation energy, strain rate sensitivity and two constitutive equations (hyperbolic sine law and the power law) are derived from the results. It is shown that the hyperbolic sine law has a better agreement with the experimental results.
Fabrication and characterisation of AZ91/SiC composite by pressureless infiltration method
Authors: Yang H R , Kwon H , Lee K B
Published: June 2011

Since the spontaneous infiltration of molten AZ91 Mg alloy into the powder bed containing SiC particles occurred at 700°C for 1 h under a nitrogen atmosphere, it was possible to fabricate Mg alloy composites reinforced with SiC particles. Since the fabrication conditions (e.g. temperature, time and atmosphere) of the composite are different from those of the other fabrication route, reaction products formed during the composite fabrication were investigated in detail using field emission scanning electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. From the analysis of reaction products, the authors can identify the formation of MgO, MgAl2O4, Al12Mg17 and an AlN phase containing magnesium.
Transition of amorphous to crystalline oxide film in initial oxide overgrowth on liquid metals
Authors: Men H , Fan Z
Published: June 2011

It is important to understand the mechanism of oxidation in the initial stage on the free surface of liquid metals. Mittemeijer and co-workers recently developed a thermodynamic model to study the oxide overgrowth on a solid metal surface. Based on this model, we have developed a thermodynamic model to analyse the thermodynamic stability of oxide overgrowth on liquid metals. The thermodynamic model calculation revealed that the amorphous oxide phase is thermodynamically preferred up to 1·3 and 0·35 nm respectively, in the initial oxide overgrowth on liquid Al and Ga at the corresponding melting point. However, the amorphous phase is thermodynamically unstable in the initial oxide overgrowth on liquid Mg. The thermodynamic stability of amorphous phase in the Al and Ga oxide systems is attributed to lower sums of surface and interfacial energies for amorphous phases, compared to that of the corresponding crystalline phases.
In pursuit of optimum welding system design for steels
Authors: Babu S S
Published: June 2011

Welding system design includes selection of base metal, filler metal and process parameters for a given application. Integrated modelling has always been considered as a pathway to arrive at generic welding system solutions. Based on recent publications, arguments are made that generic solutions are indeed difficult. This is due to inability of these models to consider complex and transient boundary conditions imposed by field welding conditions. In lieu of generic solutions, design of invariant microstructure is suggested as an alternative approach.
Joining of high performance carbon fibre/PEEK composites
Authors: Vacogne C , Wise R
Published: June 2011

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a semicrystalline thermoplastic with excellent mechanical and chemical resistance properties that are retained to high temperatures. For these reasons, it is classified as a high performance thermoplastic. The first reinforced PEEK product was an impregnated continuous carbon fibre pre-preg tape called APC-2, but since then there have been many others. Most of the applications using PEEK involve joining it to itself or to another material; for instance, in the automotive or aerospace industries, lightweight structures need to be joined to metallic surfaces. However, the challenging processability of PEEK due to its high melting point (343°C) and high melt viscosity remains a limitation for its extensive use. This characteristic makes the processing of it time and energy consuming. Even so, interest in this thermoplastic is currently growing, driven by the constant search for lightweight and recyclable materials. Solutions to overcome these process limitations are investigated in this paper through joining of PEEK to similar and dissimilar materials. The common concept behind these solutions is the use of an accelerating agent at the joining interface aiming to produce good welds faster. The main solution investigated is the use of a plasticiser, which is usually used to reduce the viscosity of PEEK and increase its chains mobility.
A Seventeenth-Century Doublet from Scotland
Authors: Payne Susan , Wilcox David , Pardoe Tuula , Mikhaila Ninya
Published: June 2011

In December 2004, a local family donated a cream silk slashed doublet to Perth Museum and Art Gallery.1Stylistically, the doublet is given a date between 1620 and 1630, but the family story is that it was a gift to one of their ancestors about the time of the Battle of Killiecrankie in 1689. The donation stimulated a programme of investigation centred on the doublet’s conservation, curatorial research, the production of two replica suits and the mounting of an exhibition. This project won the United Kingdom Award for Conservation 2007. The Institute of Conservation, the Museums, Archives & Libraries Council and the National Preservation Office support this nationwide award. This essay reflects four different specialists’ engagement with the doublet: historical context, tailoring, conservation and reconstruction.