bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Ferrule and Bonding on the Compressive Fracture Resistance of Post and Core Restorations
Authors: Alikhasi Marzieh , Dorriz Hassan , Mirfazaelian Ali , Hooshmand Tabbassom
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to compare the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with different post and core systems in combination with complete metal crowns in teeth with no coronal structure.

Methods and Materials

Fifty extracted mandibular premolars were divided into five groups. The coronal portion of each tooth was removed at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) in all groups except Group 1. In this group the teeth were sectioned 1 mm above the CEJ to create a ferrule. After root canal preparations, cast posts were placed in the first four groups. Prefabricated glass fiber posts and composite cores were placed in the fifth group. An opaque porcelain layer was applied to the metal post surfaces in the third group and an alloy primer was applied to the posts in the fourth group before using Panavia F2 resin cement. No bonding agent or surface treatments were used for the first and second groups. A Ni-Cr full cast crown for each sample was prepared and cemented. A compressive load was applied at an angle of 45 degrees to the crown with a universal testing machine. After 500,000 mechanical cycles at 1.5Hz, the maximum load at fracture (N) was recorded.

Results

Significantly higher fracture resistance values (216.87 N) and survival rates (75%) were demonstrated for non-ferrule teeth restored with opaque layered posts than for other non-ferrule groups. The prefabricated post group showed the most favorable fracture pattern in all test groups (P=0.04).

Conclusion

Either a ferrule preparation or bonding with the use of an opaque porcelain layer can increase the fracture resistance of teeth with little remaining tooth structure that are restored with cast crowns following endodontic therapy.

Clinical Significance

Bonding cast posts to the tooth structure has a significant effect on compensating for the lack of a ferrule on endodontically treated teeth.

Citation

Dorriz H, Alikhasi M, Mirfazaelian A, Hooshmand T. Effect of Ferrule and Bonding on the Compressive Fracture Resistance of Post and Core Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 January; (10)1:001-008.
The Influence of Adhesive Luting Systems on Bond Strength and Failure Mode of an Indirect Micro Ceramic Resin-based Composite Veneer
Authors: Ghavamnasiri Marjaneh , Sarabi Nasrin , Forooghbakhsh Azadeh
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study evaluated the bond strength and failure mode of enamel/resin-based composite veneers bonded with three different dual cured resin adhesive systems.

Methods and Materials

Standard preparations for laminate veneer restorations were made on 30 human central incisors using depth cutting burs (0.5 mm depth at the incisal area and 0.3 mm at the gingival area). Thirty indirect laminates were prepared using a highly filled polymeric material (GC Gradia) according to the manufacturer's instructions. After sandblasting the fitting surfaces, the specimens were randomly divided into three groups (ten per group) based on the type of resin cement luting systems; Excite/Variolink II, Single Bond/ Rely X Veneer Cement, and Clearfil New Bond/Panavia F. The specimens were stored in water at 37°C for 48 hours. Fracture testing was performed using a universal testing machine where the load was applied from the incisal direction at 135° to the long axis of the tooth (0.5 mm/min). The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Chi-Square tests were used for statistical analysis at a significance level of p>0.05.

Results

The ANOVA showed no significant difference was found among the groups (P>0.05). Indirect veneers showed mean enamel bond strength of 114.4 ± 48N, 159.7 ± 83.4 N, and 126.1 ± 51.7 N with Variolink II, Rely X veneer cement, and Panavia F, respectively. The Chi-Square tests showed no significant difference regarding the failure mode frequencies in different types of failure in the three groups (p>0.05). The failure mode analysis showed mainly adhesive failure in the resin cement/laminate interface in all groups.

Conclusion

There was no significant difference in bond strength of veneers with the three different resin cements tested. In addition, there was no significant difference in the frequency of the failure mode in each type of failure among the three test groups. The failure analysis revealed mainly an adhesive failure at the resin cement/veneer interface.

Clinical Significance

The results of this study suggest the use of Excite/Variolink, Single Bond/RelyX, or Clearfil New Bond/Panavia F are all appropriate choices for luting of indirect micro ceramic resin-based composite veneers in terms of bond strength and failure mode.

Citation

Sarabi N, Ghavamnasiri M, Forooghbakhsh A. The Influence of Adhesive Luting Systems on Bond Strength and Failure Mode of an Indirect Micro Ceramic Resin-based Composite Veneer. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 January; (10)1:033-040.
Outcome of Root Canal Treatment Using Soft-Core™ and Cold Lateral Compaction Filling Techniques: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Özer Senem Yigit , Aktener B. Oguz
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this clinical and radiographic investigation was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of endodontically treated teeth obturated with Soft-Core™ versus cold lateral compaction.

Methods and Materials

A total of 98 teeth were endodontically prepared using the Quantec LX rotary system with a crown-down pressureless technique and obturated with either Soft-Core™ or cold lateral compaction. The outcome of treatments were evaluated clinically and radiographically by two blinded evaluators after three years. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired t-test and the Mann Whitney test at the level of significance set at 95%.

Results

Regardless of the periapical status of the teeth, no statistically significant difference was found between the two obturation techniques (p>0.05). The Kappa value for the interobserver agreement was 0.73.

Conclusion

Within the limits of the study, it is concluded the Soft-Core obturation technique did not result in a significantly different treatment outcome when compared with cold lateral compaction after three years. Further investigations should be carried out on the Soft-Core technique.

Clinical Significance

Using the Soft-Core system reduced working time, and the difference was found to be statistically different (p=0.00056) from the working time required for cold lateral compaction. This reduction in canal filling time holds the potential for cost savings for clinicians while maintaining the quality of the clinical outcome.

Citation

Özer SY, Aktener BO. Outcome of Root Canal Treatment Using Soft-Core™ and Cold Lateral Compaction Filling Techniques: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 January; (10)1:074-081.
Exploring the Relationships between Sense of Hopelessness, Worry, Self-rated Oral Health Status, and Behavior in a Romanian Adult Population
Authors: Dumitrescu Alexandrina L. , Kawamura Makoto
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of psychological states, self-rated oral health, and oral health behavior on hopelessness.

Methods and Materials

A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected between September and November 2006. The sample consisted of 233 Romanian adults (mean age 47.3 years; 65.6% women; 65.8% married). The questionnaire included information about demographic, psychological, self-reported oral health, and oral health related behavior items.

Results

‘Hopeless’ participants were more likely to self-evaluate their dental health as poor/very poor (P<0.001), to be less satisfied by the appearance of their teeth (P<0.05), to report more non-treated caries (P<0.01), to brush their teeth less than twice per day (P<0.01), and never use mouthrinse (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed ‘hopeless’ participants were apt to have a lower educational level, brush less frequently, have higher financial problems as the reason for not visiting the dentist, and report higher anxiety (odds ratio = 5.4, 4.2, 2.6, and 12.6, respectively). Forty-seven (73.4%) of 64 ‘hopeless’ participants and 90 (80.4%) of 112 ‘non-hopeless’ participants were correctly predicted by the above four variables.

Conclusion

The results of this study found impaired oral health and financial problems may pose an increased risk for hopelessness.

Clinical Significance

Poor oral health can be regarded as a risk marker for the level of hopelessness.

Citation

Dumitrescu AL, Kawamura M. Exploring the Relationships between Sense of Hopelessness, Worry, Self-rated Oral Health Status, and Behavior in a Romanian Adult Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 March; (10)2:034-041.
Marginal Adaptation of Root-end Filling Materials: An In vitro Study with Teeth and Replicas
Authors: de Oliveira Marilia Gerhardt , Weber João Batista Blessmann , Costa Aline Tempel , Konrath Francine , Dedavid Berenice
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the marginal adaptation of five root-end filling materials.

Methods and Materials

Fifty human single-rooted teeth were resected 3 mm from the apex. Root-end cavities were then prepared using an ultrasonic tip and filled with one of the following materials: silver amalgam without zinc, white MTA-Angelus, white Portland cement (PC), Vitremer™, and GC Fuji Ortho™ LC. The apical portion of the roots was then sectioned to obtain two 1 mm thick transversal sections. Epoxy resin replicas of these apical sections were fabricated for an analysis of marginal adaptation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine gaps in the adaptation of the root-end filling materials at the interface between them and the dentin. The Kruskal-Wallis test and a multiple comparison test were used for statistical data analysis. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to determine the correlation between the results found for teeth and replicas.

Results

Materials containing calcium oxide (MTA and PC) showed similar results. Resin modified glass ionomer cements (GICs) presented similar variations in marginal adaptation, but Vitremer™ showed significantly greater marginal adaptation when compared to GC Fuji Ortho™ LC.

Conclusion

A positive and significant correlation was observed between marginal adaptation values found in the teeth and their replicas.

Clinical Significance

The use of ionomers as root-end filling materials may improve clinical outcomes in periradicular surgery.

Citation

Costa AT, Konrath F, Dedavid B, Weber JBB, Oliveira MG. Marginal Adaptation of Root-end Filling Materials: An In vitro Study with Teeth and Replicas. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 March; (10)2:075-082.
Anticariogenicity of Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Llena Carmen , Forner Leopoldo , Baca Pilar
Published: July 2019

Aim

This review of the literature examines the role of the natural components of saliva in maintaining tooth mineralization and the role of different casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate-based (CPP-ACP) compounds in controlling demineralization/ remineralization and their clinical applications.

Background

A group of peptides, known as CPP, have been shown to stabilize calcium and phosphate preserving them in an amorphous or soluble form known as amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP). Calcium and phosphate are essential components of enamel and dentine and form highly insoluble complexes, but in the presence of CPP they remain soluble and biologically available. This CPP-ACP complex applied to teeth by means of chewing-gum, toothpaste, lozenges, mouth rinses, or sprays is able to adhere to the dental biofilm and enamel hydroxyapatite providing bioavailable calcium and phosphate ions.

Review Results

Significantly high levels of calcium and phosphate have been found in both biofilm and subsurface incipient caries lesions and in lower level demineralization of enamel or dentine surfaces previously treated with CPP-ACP based compounds. When placed on the surface of a tooth with early carious lesions, pastes with CPP-ACP complexes can prevent tooth demineralization and improve enamel remineralization and enhance fluoride activity.

Conclusion

Remineralization of white spot lesions has been achieved clinically by applying pastes based on these compounds, and a similar effect to self-applied fluorides has been observed in reducing the appearance of new caries lesions in patients with xerostomia.

Clinical Significance

Use of CPP-ACP based compounds offers a potential for use in the prevention of dental caries.

Citation

Llena C, Forner L, Baca P. Anticariogenicity of Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate: A Review of the Literature. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 May; (10)3:001-009.
Effect of Posts on the Fracture Resistance of Load-cycled Endodontically-treated Premolars Restored with Direct Composite Resin
Authors: Majidinia Sara , Ghavamnasiri Marjaneh , Hajizadeh Hila , Namazikhah Mohammad Sadegh , Moghaddas Mohammad Javad
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this study was to investigate the fracture resistance and failure mode of premolars restored with composite resin using various prefabricated posts.

Methods and Materials

Sixty sound maxillary premolars were divided into four equal sized groups. All but the control group received endodontic treatment followed by placement of mesiodistocclusal (MOD) composite restorations (Tetric Ceram) as follows: Group T = no post, Group DT = fiber reinforced composite (FRC) post (DT Light), Group FL = prefabricated metal post (Filpost). The control group (C) had no cavities prepared. After thermal and load cycling, static load was applied at a 30° angle until fracture. Failure modes were categorized as restorable and non-restorable. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan tests (α = 0.05).

Results

The mean values of fracture loads (N) for all groups were: C (880±258); T (691±239); DT (865±269); and FL (388±167). Statistically significant differences (P<0.05) were observed for all groups except between groups C and DT. The Chi Square test showed failure modes in groups C and DT were mostly restorable. The most non-restorable fractures were observed in group FT.

Conclusion

Intact teeth and the teeth restored with composite and quartz fiber posts had a similar fracture resistance and the failure modes were mostly restorable. The lowest fracture resistance and the most nonrestorable failures were observed in conjunction with metal posts.

Clinical Significance

The results of thisin vitrostudy suggest the use of a quartz fiber post used in conjunction with an MOD composite resin restoration improves fracture resistance in an endodontically treated premolar.

Citation

Hajizadeh H, Namazikhah MS, Moghaddas MJ, Ghavamnasiri M, Majidinia S. Effect of Posts on the Fracture Resistance of Load-cycled Endodontically-treated Premolars Restored with Direct Composite Resin. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 May; (10)3:010-017.
The Effect of Different Adhesive Types and Curing Methods on Microleakage and the Marginal Adaptation of Composite Veneers
Authors: Moosavi Horieh , Maleknejad Fathemeh , Sarabi Nasrin , Shahriari Resa , Shayankhah Taybeh
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of application techniques (with pre-curing vs without pre-curing) for dentin adhesive on microleakage and marginal adaptation of indirect composite veneer restorations.

Methods and Materials

A total-etch bonding system, Excite/Variolink II (EXV), and a self-etching primer system, Panavia F2.0 (PF2), were used in the study. Forty-eight human central incisors were prepared for composite veneer restorations. The teeth were divided into two groups (n=24). For each resin cement, one half of each experimental group included an adhesive pre-cure (PC) with a halogen light source while the other half received no pre-cure (NPC) prior to resin cement insertion. Thus, four experimental groups were created: A (PC+EXV), B (NPC+EXV), C (PC+PF2), and D (NPC+PF2). Veneers made of Tetric Ceram resin composite were cemented using dual-cured resin luting agents. After storage in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours, the teeth were prepared for marginal leakage. Two samples of each group were selected at random for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation and evaluation of marginal adaptation at 1050x magnification. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (Ð <0.05).

Results

The highest and lowest microleakage values were observed in dentinal margins of groups B and A, respectively. Dentin margins opposite to enamel margins had a significant difference in microleakage values of PC and NPC groups (P<0.05). The influence of the adhesive pre-cure was more pronounced than the type of resin cement used. No adhesive layer was visualized for the adhesives used without employing the pre-curing step.

Conclusion

The effect of pre-cured adhesives was not material specific. The pre-cured adhesives showed the best resistance to dye penetration although the film thickness of these luting agents was only slightly increased.

Clinical Significance

Different curing methods (with pre-curing/without pre-curing) regardless of total-etch or self-etch adhesive systems influenced microleakage and the marginal adaptation, especially dentin margins of indirect composite veneers.

Citation

Maleknejad F, Moosavi H, Shahriari R, Sarabi S, Shayankhah T. The Effect of Different Adhesive Types and Curing Methods on Microleakage and the Marginal Adaptation of Composite Veneers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 May; (10)3:018-026.
Fiber-reinforced Onlay Composite Resin Restoration: A Case Report
Authors: Garoushi Sufyan , Vallittu Pekka K. , Shinya Akikazu , Shinya Akiyoshi
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this case report is to describe the clinical procedure for fabricating fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) onlay composite resin restorations using a FRC as the substructure.

Background

A variety of therapeutic modalities are available to restore teeth with moderate coronal defects in the posterior region of the mouth. For patients who refuse complete crown restorations or when minimal tooth reduction is preferred, a FRC restoration can be a good alternative to conventional restorative techniques.

Case Report

A 42-year-old female patient presented with an endodontically treated mandibular right first molar with extensive destruction of the coronal tooth structure. To conserve the remaining tooth structure a FRC resin core substructure was fabricated and veneered with Ceramage dentin and enamel hybrid composite to create the final restoration.

FRC restorations using adhesive technology appears to be a promising restorative option. However, further clinical investigation will be required to provide additional information on this technique. Based on the clinical and radiographic findings in the present case, the fabrication of a conventional crown was avoided in order to conserve the remaining tooth structure.

Clinical Significance

The restoration of badly damaged teeth is a challenge for clinicians when cast crown restorations are not an option for the patient. The use of FRC restorations along with adhesive technology may be a rational restorative alternative in the near future.

Citation

Garoushi S, Shinya A, Shinya A, Vallittu PK. Fiber-reinforced Onlay Composite Resin Restoration: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:104-110.
Evaluation of Bone Healing Following Immediate and Delayed Dental Implant Placement
Authors: Younis Luay , Taher Asraa , Abu-Hassan Mohamed Ibrahim , Tin Ong
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this study was to compare bone healing and coronal bone remodeling following both immediate and delayed placement of titanium dental implants in extraction sockets.

Methods and Materials

The study included 49 patients (28 women, 21 men) in need of implant treatment in the anterior teeth region of either the maxilla or mandible. Twenty-three subjects received 37 immediate (Im) implants and 26 subjects received 37 delayed (De) implants. The implants were placed immediately in the alveoli following the extraction in the Im group and the implants in the De group were placed approximately six months following the extractions. The width and depth of the marginal bone defects mesial and distal to the implants were evaluated radiographically using computer software designed to measure distances in digitized radiographs.

The mean reduction of bone defect over time was 48% (from 3.4 to 1.3 mm) in the Im group which was statistically significant (P <0.05) when tested using a sample t-test, while the mean reduction was 17% (from 2.1 to 1.9 mm) in the De group.

Conclusion

The potential exists for bone healing and remodeling in fresh extraction socket defects associated with immediately placed implants.

Clinical Significance

Im implantation offers the advantages of reduced operating time and the preservation of alveolar bone volume.

Citation

Younis L, Taher A, Abu-Hassan MI, Tin O. Evaluation of Bone Healing Following Immediate and Delayed Dental Implant Placement. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:035-042.
Bronchial Asthma and Dental Caries Risk: Results from a Case Control Study
Authors: Mehta Abhishek , Sequeira Peter Simon , Sahoo Ramesh Chandra
Published: July 2019

Aim

The present study was conducted with the objective of assessing the dental caries status of asthmatic patients in the age group of 11-25 years and to examine the possible association of these conditions to various aspects of bronchial asthma and its management.

Methods and Materials

The present study was conducted on 80 asthmatic patients receiving treatment at the KMC Hospital, Mangalore, India. They were examined for their caries status, and the scores were compared with an age, sex, and socioeconomic status matched group of 80 non-asthmatic patients as controls. The mean age of asthmatics was 17.4 (±4.3) years and mean duration of asthma was 17.69 (±7.66) months.

Results

The results showed a significantly higher prevalence of caries among asthmatic patients as compared to the matched control group as well as a positive correlation between the duration of asthma and the caries indices.

Conclusion

There is a need to create awareness among dental practitioners regarding the increased caries risk of asthmatic patients.

Clinical Significance

Special preventive and educational measures will be required to prevent caries and other oral diseases in asthmatic patients.

Citation

Mehta A, Sequeira PS, Sahoo RM. Bronchial Asthma and Dental Caries Risk: Results from a Case Control Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:059-066.
Smoking Cessation Practices in the Dental Profession
Authors: Lozier Elizabeth B. , Gonzalez Yoly M.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this review is to describe the current status of smoking cessation initiatives in the dental profession.

Review

A review of the initiatives undertaken by the dental profession to adopt smoking cessation recommendations as standard of care is presented.

Facts about the effects of smoking on the major oral diseases are stated and supported by national statistics. The barriers for compliance by dental professionals are described based on published research, but even more importantly, possible solutions are offered.

Clinical Significance

Awareness of the harmful effects of smoking tobacco can help dental professionals become more motivated to comply with current recommendations for smoking cessation in order to improve the oral and general health of the public.

Citation

Lozier EB, Gonzalez YM. Smoking Cessation Practices in the Dental Profession. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 July; (10)4:097-103.
Effect of Different Surface Treatments on the Shear and Flexural Re-bond Strengths of a Micro-hybrid Composite
Authors: Yaman Peter , Vivas Jose , Taylor George
Published: July 2019

Aim

This study compared the shear bond strength (SBS) and flexural strength (FS) of repaired interfaces using three techniques of surface preparation and repair of a micro-hybrid composite.

Methods and Materials

Composite specimens for SBS tests (n=36: diameter=8 mm, thickness=3 mm) for repair were shaped in a metal mold, visible-light cured, and embedded in dental stone. Composite specimens for FS tests (n=36: 2 mm × 2 mm × 12.5 mm) for repair were shaped in a silicone mold. Three different methods of surface preparation were evaluated: Group A (control) specimens were treated by etching with 35% phosphoric acid; Group B specimens were airabraded with 50 μm aluminum oxide at 100 psi; and Group C specimens received two parallel, 1 mm-deep grooves using a #¼.-round bur before being treated by etching with 35% phosphoric acid. After surface treatment, a bonding agent was placed on each specimen, which was then light cured. Repairs were accomplished by adding more composite to the SBS or FS specimens. Specimens were thermocycled 500 times between 5°C and 55°C with 30-second dwell times. All specimens were tested by loading to failure at a rate of 0.5 mm/min using an Instron Universal Testing Machine.

Results

Mean SBSs in MPa were: Group A=24.5 +4.4, Group B=28.5 +4.3, and Group C=27.0 +2.8. Mean FSs (MPa) were: Group A=60.5 +9.9, Group B=73.9 +13.2 and Group C=81.3 +14.3. For the FS tests, Group B and C were significantly different than Group A, but Group C was not significantly different than group B. For the SBS test, Group B was significantly different than Group A, but Group C was not significantly different.

Conclusion

Acid-etching alone was not very effective in producing well-bonded composite repairs (only 55% of the FS of normal microhybrid composite). Mechanical retention was more effective (SBS, FS) than acid-etching and as effective (SBS) or more effective (FS) than air-abrasion (p<0.05) for repaired composite specimens.

Clinical Significance

Either mechanical retention or air abrasion is recommended prior to repairing an existing composite restoration to achieve the highest bond strength.

Citation

Vivas J, Yaman P, Taylor G. Effect of Different Surface Treatments on the Shear and Flexural Re-bond Strengths of a Micro-hybrid Composite. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/effectof-differentsurface- treatments-on-the-shear-and-flexural-rebond- st.
AAOMP CASE CHALLENGE: A Nonulcerated, Slowly Growing Mass of the Mandible
Authors: Eljack Siema A. , Reich Renee
Published: July 2019

Citation

Eljack SA, Reich R. AAOMP CASE CHALLENGE: A Nonulcerated, Slowly Growing Mass of the Mandible. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/aaomp-casechallenge---a-nonulcerated_-slowly-growingmass-of-the-mandible.
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Clinicopathological Study of 342 Thai Cases
Authors: Langlais Robert P. , Jainkittivong Aree , Swasdison Somporn , Thangpisityotin Malee
Published: July 2019

Aim

To conduct a clinicopathological review of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and to analyze it with respect to gender, age at diagnosis, clinical presentation, lesion location, and histological grading.

Methods and Materials

Information on the clinicopathological characteristics of SCC was obtained from pathology reports of 342 cases.

Results

The male to female ratio was 1:1 and the incidence increased with age. Among the patients 4.7% were younger than 40 years and males were predominant in this subgroup. The alveolar ridge and gingiva were the most commonly affected sites (50%). The majority of the SCC cases presented as ulcers or masses. Swelling and/or pain were the first signs and/ or symptoms in most patients (52.6%). The age at diagnosis in relation to the site of occurrence varied. Conventional SCC was the most common subtype (88%). Well-differentiated SCC was the most common histological grading (78.6%).

Conclusion

In the present study, the incidence of SCC was age-related and showed equal gender distribution.

Clinical Significance

Routine examination of the oral cavity by dental practitioners and other health care providers aids in the early detection of premalignant and malignant oral disease. Dentists can play a significant role in disseminating information regarding oral cancer.

Citation

Jainkittivong A, Swasdison S, Thangpisityotin M, Lnaglais RP. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Clinicopathological study of 342 Thai Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/oralsquamous-cell-carcinoma-aclinicopathological- study-of-342-thai-cases.
The Prevalence of Occlusal Disharmony and Its Associated Causes in Complete Dentures
Authors: Atashrazm Parsa , Dashti Mohammad Hosein
Published: July 2019

Aim

Occlusal disharmony is frequently observed among edentulous patients. With the side effects of occlusal disharmony in mind, the goal of this research was to investigate the prevalence of occlusal disharmony in inserted complete dentures and its associated causes.

Methods and Materials

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 107 selected patients. Factors such as age, gender, ridge relationship on the articulator, occlusal scheme, and the performance of a clinical remount from patients’ treatment records were investigated. The presence and/or status of any occlusal disharmony was determined by a calibrated prosthodontist extraorally and qualitatively. Occlusal disharmony is defined as the absence of simultaneous bilateral contacts between the opposing posterior teeth in centric relation. The prevalence of occlusal disharmony was determined and the roles of the aforementioned factors were studied and analyzed using a Chisquare analysis. The results were considered significant at p<0.05.

Results

Out of 107 patients, 31 patients (28.8%) showed occlusal disharmony. No statistically significant relationship was found between occlusal disharmony and age, gender, ridge relationships, or occlusal scheme (p<0.5). Twenty-five (81%) out of 31 complete dentures with occlusal disharmony were not clinically remounted. There was a highly significant relationship between the absence of clinical remounting and occlusal disharmony (p<0.001).

Conclusion

Within the limits of this study, the prevalence of occlusal disharmony was noticeable. A randomized clinical trial is strongly recommended to investigate factors related to the incidence of occlusal disharmony.

Clinical Significance

It is important to refine the occlusion of a complete denture after laboratory processing of the denture before it is delivered to the patient.

Citation

Atashrazm P, Dashti MH. The Prevalence of Occlusal Disharmony and Its Associated Causes in Complete Dentures. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/the-prevalence-of-occlusaldisharmony-andits- associated-causes-in-complete.
Microscope-Enhanced Periodontal Therapy: A Review and Report of Four Cases
Authors: Padhye Ashvini , Hegde Rashmi , Sumanth S
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to review the status of the use of surgical microscopes and microsurgery and their clinical application in the field of periodontics.

Background

The use of magnification systems and periodontal microsurgery are part of a broad movement in dentistry toward the use of minimally invasive procedures to replace the need for more extensive surgical procedures. While magnification systems are widely used in endodontics, their application in periodontics is still in its nascent phase. However, clinicians have reported that use of magnification facilitates the use of minimal invasive periodontal surgery.

Technique

The surgical microscope is an invaluable aid for periodontists in the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal disease. Magnified vision used in conjunction with microsurgical instruments and techniques can lead to a higher quality of care and an improved surgical outcome.

Surgical operating microscopes have shown promising results in the hands of periodontists who are properly trained in their use. Despite the apparent advantages, there is still a lack of “high level of evidence” in the form of controlled clinical trials to estimate the magnitude of the real benefits of the microsurgical approach over the conventional approach.

Clinical Significance

Even though all the procedures shown in this review can be performed using normal vision, performing these procedures using a surgical microscope and microsurgical instruments offers definite advantages in terms of improved visual acuity, superior approximation of wounds, rapid wound healing, decreased post-operative morbidity, and increased acceptance by the patients.

Citation

Hegde R, Sumanth S, Padhye A. Microscope-Enhanced Periodontal Therapy: A Review and Report of Four Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ microscope-enhanced-periodontal-therapyareview- and-report-of-four-cases.
Effect of the Quality of Removable Prostheses on Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Akeel Riyadh F.
Published: July 2019

Aim

The objective of this study was to evaluate patient satisfaction with removable prostheses and its relationship with denture quality.

Methods and Materials

Sixty-seven patients who received 119 new removable prostheses over a period of one year at the College of Dentistry, King Saud University, were recalled for an interview with regard to their satisfaction with their dentures and a clinical examination. Prosthetic quality was determined using the California Dental Association criteria.

Results

Results showed 75% and 66% of upper and lower dentures, respectively, were reported by patients as satisfactory. Of all the upper prostheses rated as being of acceptable quality, 94% were also reported by patients as satisfactory, but of those of unacceptable quality, only 52% were reported by patients as unsatisfactory. The corresponding figures for lower dentures were 91% and 71%, respectively. No significant associations were found between patient satisfaction and age, or denture experience.

Conclusions

Although acceptable quality of removable prostheses usually resulted in patient satisfaction, the finding that some patients were satisfied with their prostheses despite unacceptable quality suggests other factors besides quality affect outcomes.

Clinical Significance

Patient satisfaction with removable dentures cannot be fully predicted from only the quality standards of those dentures.

Citation

Akeel RF. Effect of the Quality of Removable Prostheses on Patient Satisfaction. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Nov; 10(6):057-064. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume10-issue6-akeel.
A Clinical Assessment of the Efficacy of a Stannous-Containing Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice on Dentinal Hypersensitivity
Authors: He Tao , Day Trevor , Einwag Johannes , Hermann Joachim S. , Anastasia Mary Kay , Barker Matthew , Zhang Yuqing
Published: July 2019

Aim

To measure the desensitizing benefits of an experimental stannous-containing sodium fluoride dentifrice versus a regular sodium fluoride negative control.

Methods and Materials

This study was a randomized, double-blind, parallel group, fourweek clinical trial. Subjects reporting dentinal hypersensitivity were enrolled and randomized to the experimental dentifrice or the control dentifrice to use twice daily for four weeks. Efficacy assessments (Air Blast) were performed at baseline and weeks two and four. Separate analyses were performed for the two most sensitive teeth at baseline and for all 12 teeth. Results for weeks two and four combined also were analyzed.

Results

Thirty-one subjects were included in the analyses. For the two most sensitive teeth, the experimental dentifrice showed statistically significantly less sensitivity (p<0.05) versus the control at weeks two and four and for weeks two and four combined. The sensitivity reduction ranged from 24.9% to 28.4% over the control. For all 12 teeth, the experimental group had statistically significantly (p<0.03) lower sensitivity scores versus the control group at week two and weeks two and four combined.

Conclusion

The experimental dentifrice demonstrated significant desensitizing advantages versus the control.

Clinical Significance

This stannouscontaining sodium fluoride dentifrice provides an effective treatment for patients with dentinal hypersensitivity, significantly reducing sensitivity versus a negative control in this four-week trial.

Citation

Day TN, Einwag J, Hermann JS, He T, Anastasia MK, Barker M, Zhang Y. A Clinical Assessment of the Efficacy of a Stannous- Containing Sodium Fluoride Dentifrice on Dentinal Hypersensitivity. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 Jan; 11(1):001-008. Available from:http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11- issue1-day.
Limited Benefit of Copaifera Oil on Gingivitis Progression in Humans
Authors: da Silva Pereira Sérgio Luís , Barros Cristiane Simões , Salgado Thiago Daher Yunes , Filho Vicente Paulo Pereira , Costa Flávio Nogueira
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the antiplaque and antigingivitis effect of Copaifera sp (Cp).

Methods and Materials

Twenty-three subjects participated in a randomized controlled clinical trial using a 21-day, partial-mouth experimental model of gingivitis. A custom tooth shield was fabricated for each subject to prevent the brushing of the four experimental posterior teeth in the lower-left quadrant. The subjects were randomly assigned to either the control group (using a placebo gel) or the test group (using the test gel containing 10% Cp).

Results

The clinical results showed statistically significant differences for plaque (PLI), bleeding (BI), and gingival (GI) indexes at days 0 and 21 in both groups (p<0.05). However, on day 21 there was no statistically significant difference between groups for all indexes (p>0.05).

Conclusions

The test gel containing 10% Cp did not prevent plaque formation and development of gingivitis.

Clinical Significance

Several medicinal herbs are used empirically by persons in the treatment and prevention of oral conditions. Research in this area must be encouraged to determine which herbal agents would be a useful addition to the current range of chemotherapeutic periodontal treatment options.

Citation

Pereira SLS, Barros CS, Salgado THY, Filho VPP, Costa FN. Limited Benefit of Copaifera Oil on Gingivitis Progression in Humans. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 Jan; 11(1):057-064. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue1-pereira.
A Comparison of Panoramic Image Quality between a Digital Radiography Storage Phosphor System and a Film-Based System
Authors: Masood Farah , Parissis Nikos , Angelopoulos Christos , Mantegari Stephen , Karamanis Stelios , Tsirlis Anastasios
Published: July 2019

Aim

To compare digital panoramic images acquired for the presurgical assessment of third molars captured with a storage phosphorbased system with conventional film panoramic radiographs.

Methods and Materials

A total of 51 pairs of digital and conventional panoramic images, made simultaneously, were included in this study. The images were evaluated for diagnostic quality prior to third molar surgery by two experienced oral surgeons and rated with a four-point grading scale.

Results

Despite the fact that conventional panoramic images were rated higher than the digital images, the difference was not statistically significant.

Conclusions

Conventional and digital panoramic images were found to be of comparable image quality with regard to their diagnostic contribution to third molar surgery.

Clinical Significance

This study is contributory to understanding differences in image quality between digital and conventional panoramic radiography for certain diagnostic tasks. The lack of significant differences in image quality may be an endorsement for digital panoramic radiography.

Citation

Parissis N, Angelopoulos C, Mantegari S, Karamanis S, Masood F, Tsirlis A. A Comparison of Panoramic Image Quality between a Digital Radiography Storage Phosphor System and a Film-Based System. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 Jan; 11(1):009-016. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ volume11-issue1-parissis.
Hereditary Opalescent Dentin: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Gupta Siddharth , Bhowate Rahul R. , Bhati Ashok
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this case report is to present the clinical and radiographic findings of hereditary opalescent dentin to facilitate an early diagnosis.

Background

Hereditary opalescent dentin (or dentinogenesis imperfecta) may manifest itself in three variations: i.e., Shields type I, Shields type II, and Shields type III. Dentinogenesis imperfecta occurs as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity, either in presence with osteogenesis imperfecta or as a separate clinical entity in persons who have none of the features of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Case Descriptions

A seven-year old boy and his mother were both diagnosed with hereditary opalescent dentin. A review of the family dental history revealed that this condition affected not only the child's mother but his maternal grandfather and great grandfather. Both the son and the mother exhibited the same clinical and radiologic features as those reported previously with no evidence of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Being an autosomal disease, hereditary opalescent dentin runs in the family and can affect both the deciduous and permanent dentitions as a dominant trait.

Clinical Significance

Once a patient is diagnosed with hereditary opalescent dentin, other family members should be evaluated given the condition is hereditary.

Citation

Gupta S, Bhowate RR, Bhati A. Hereditary Opalescent Dentin: A Report of Two Cases. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 July; 11(4):049-055. Available from: http://www. thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue4-gupta
The Pouch and Tunnel Technique for the Management of Adjacent Gingival Recession Defects: Surgical Correction and One-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Deo Vikas , Bhati Ashok , Kurien Tony
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to present a minimally invasive periodontal plastic surgical method for the treatment of gingival augmentation coronal to area of recession on the facial aspect of the mandibular central incisors.

Background

Gingival recession is a relatively common condition patients may discuss with their general dental practitioner. Several improvements in the available corrective surgical techniques have evolved, especially in flap design of periodontal cosmetic surgeries, which can produce a favorable final treatment outcome.

Case Description

A 21-year-old male patient diagnosed with Miller class II marginal tissue recession on the facial surface of the mandibular right and left central incisors was treated with a subepithelial connective tissue autograft underneath a supraperiosteal pouch and tunnel recipient site for multiple areas of gingival recession This flap design allowed intimate contact of donor tissue to the recipient site. One-year follow-up examination of the surgical site revealed excellent and stable root surface coverage.

The use of a technique that involves preservation of papilla height and ensures maximum blood supply to the graft helps to attain excellent esthetic and functional long-term results.

Clinical Significance

Given the increasing patient concerns about dental esthetics, the surgical treatment modality presented can be beneficial in efforts to meet the esthetic and functional demands of patients, thereby contributing positively to treatment acceptance and the overall outcome.

Citation

Kurien T, Deo V, Bhati A. The pouch and tunnel technique for the management of adjacent gingival recession defects: Surgical correction and one-year follow-up. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 October; 11(5):041- 048. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/ journal/view/volume11-issue5-deo
Surgical Management of a Cutaneous Sinus Tract: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Chkoura Ahmed , Elwady Wafaa , Taleb Bouchra
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this paper is to present a case involving the surgical management of a cutaneous sinus tract and a literature review.

Background

A cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin may easily be misdiagnosed. Exact diagnosis is necessary in the management of this pathological situation.

Case Description

A healthy 40-year-old man presented with a dimple in the skin of his right cheek. Upon further examination, the clinical crown of the mandibular right first molar was missing, leaving only the roots visible. Palpation of the affected area revealed a cord-like tract that was surgically excised.

A cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin is a canal that drains the infection from a dental source to the face or neck. A misdiagnosis of these lesions could lead to an ineffective and inappropriate treatment. We report a case of a cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin that we removed from the periapical zone of the causal teeth. The aim of this paper is to present a dental and medical literature review of cutaneous sinus tract that has a dental origin and to report a case where the sinus tract was surgically eliminated. Patients with a cutaneous facial sinus tract of dental origin often do not have obvious dental symptoms that can lead to misdiagnosing this pathological situation.

Clinical Significance

Elimination of the source of infection by endodontic treatment or tooth removal generally results in resolution of the sinus tract. But in the case of an older sinus tract, wound contraction and scar tissue formation may require surgical management to excise the cordlike tract.

Citation

Chkoura A, Elwady W, Taleb B. Surgical Management of a Cutaneous Sinus Tract: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 October; 11(5):049-055. Available from: http://www.thejcdp. com/journal/view/volume11-issue5-chkoura
Palato-Radicular Groove and Localized Periodontitis: A Series of Case Reports
Authors: Hungund Shital , Kumar Magesh
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to present the management of three cases of different magnitude affecting the periodontal attachment apparatus due to the presence of a palato-radicular groove (PRG).

Background

The palato-radicular groove is a developmental anomaly often associated with localized periodontitis and pulpal necrosis.

Case description

The authors present three cases involving the management of teeth with a palato-radicular groove. In the first case, a 20-year-old woman presented with a 5 mm periodontal pocket associated with the maxillary right central incisor but no evidence of pulpal involvement. In the second case, there was extensive bone loss and pulpal necrosis of the maxillary right lateral incisor in a 35-year-old man. The third case involved severe localized periodontitis of the right and left maxillary lateral incisors of a 47-year-old man. This report describes the diagnosis and periodontal management of these three clinical situations.

Periodontal complications due to a palatal-radicular groove are relatively rare. However, when they do occur, the diagnosis of a pulpal or localized periodontal lesion can sometimes present a dilemma for the general dentist, particularly if a palato-radicular groove is the etiologic factor. This is because a radicular groove can act like a “funnel,” aiding microbial plaque accumulation, and lead to gingivitis, localized periodontitis, and even pulpal necrosis. But with a timely diagnosis and proper clinical management, the tooth or teeth involved can be treated and often retained.

Clinical Significance

Thorough examination of the morphological anomalies associated with the lateral and central incisors, in particular, aided by appropriate diagnostic aids, can lead to accurate diagnosis and management of a tooth or teeth with a palato-radicular groove.

Citation

Hungund S, Kumar M. Palato-Radicular Groove and Localized Periodontitis: A Series of Case Reports. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 October; 11(5):056-062. Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11- issue5-hungund