bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Allometric Scaling of Dietary Bioactives in Metabolic Research: The Present and Future
Authors: Whelan Jay
Published: August 2020

Findings from basic nutrition research poorly transfer to humans, and thus, the results are “lost in translation.” The objective was to identify a mathematical model that accurately translates diet and nutritional bioactives between humans and preclinical rodent models. A secondary objective was to provide guidance to researchers and reviewers for appropriate and inappropriate experimental designs when translational fidelity for dietary bioactives/nutrients between species is desired or inferred. This manuscript reviews the standard preclinical experimental rodent diets originally designed by the America Institute of Nutrition (AIN), and reviews the most common allometric scaling models, their strengths and weaknesses, for the extrapolation of nutrients between species. This includes extrapolations based on body weight, surface area and metabolic rate, and caloric needs of each of the species. To investigate the translational fidelity of each mathematical model, all of the micronutrients and the essential fatty acids in each of the AIN diets were converted to a human equivalent dose, and these values were compared to the recommended or actual intakes in the US population. The use a mathematical scaling model based on differences in caloric needs between species more accurately reflects recommendations in humans and would enhance translational validity and minimize false-positive results.
Multifunctional nano-enabled delivery systems in Alzheimer's disease management
Authors: Qian Chengyuan , Yuan Chengyi , Li Changhong , Liu Hao , Wang Xiaohui
Published: August 2020

This review discusses the recent advances in multifunctional nano-enabled delivery systems (NDS) for Alzheimer's disease management, including multitherapeutics, multimodal imaging-guided diagnostics, and theranostics.
Solution synthesis of anisotropic gold microcrystals
Authors: Khanal Bishnu P. , Zubarev Eugene R.
Published: August 2020

Amplification of pentahedrally twinned gold nanorods with Au(i)/AA results in the formation of very well-defined anisotropic microcrystals of gold referred to as gold microrods.
Facile self-templating synthesis of heteroatom-doped 3D porous carbon materials from waste biomass for supercapacitors
Authors: Yao Yong , Feng Qiaoxia , Huo Baoyu , Zhou Haihui , Huang Zhongyuan , Li Huanxin , Yan Zhanheng , Yang Xinxin , Kuang Yafei
Published: August 2020

Heteroatom-doped 3D porous carbon has been synthesized by utilizing hydroxyapatite in pig bones as a self-template and used in symmetric supercapacitors exhibiting ultra-high energy density both in an aqueous electrolyte and organic electrolyte.
Electrolyte screening studies for Li metal batteries
Authors: Seok Jeesoo , Zhang Na , Ulgut Burak , Jin Aihua , Yu Seung-Ho , Abruña Héctor D.
Published: August 2020

From 60 solvent electrolyte combinations tested, we find that Li metal anodes, tested in 1 M LiFSI in DOL:DME exhibit an outstanding cycling performance (>500 cycles) even at high current densities (3 mA cm−2).
Phosphine catalyzed [3+2] cyclization/Michael addition of allenoate with CS2 to form 2-thineyl vinyl sulfide
Authors: Fei Weihong , Xu Ping , Hou Jie , Yao Weijun
Published: August 2020

We have developed a DPPE-catalyzed three molecular two component tandem reaction of γ-substituted allenoate and CS2 to construct 2-thineyl vinyl sulfide through phosphine catalyzed [3+2] cyclization followed by Michael addition.
Kirkendall effect modulated hollow red phosphorus nanospheres for high performance sodium-ion battery anodes
Authors: Zhu Linqin , Zhu Zixuan , Zhou Jianbin , Qian Yitai
Published: August 2020

Kirkendall effect mediated hollow red phosphorus nanospheres in a mild molten salt reaction exhibit great sodium storage performance.
Tailoring structural features and functions of fullerene rod crystals by a ferrocene-modified fullerene derivative
Authors: Jiang Bohong , Tang Qin , Zhao Wenli , Sun Jiao , An Rong , Niu Tianchao , Fuchs Harald , Ji Qingmin
Published: August 2020

Effective functional intercalation and facile structural manipulation of fullerene crystals could be achieved by ferrocene-modified fullerene based on the liquid–liquid interfacial precipitation process.
Magnetic studies of polylactic-co-glicolic acid nanocapsules loaded with selol and γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles
Authors: Mosiniewicz-Szablewska Ewa , Tedesco Antonio C. , Suchocki Piotr , Morais Paulo C.
Published: August 2020

The coexistence of superparamagnetism, interacting superparamagnetism and giant diamagnetism is evidenced from the magnetic behavior of selol-loaded PLGA magnetic nanocapsules.
Nondestructive dispersive imaging of rotationally excited ultracold molecules
Authors: Guan Qingze , Highman Michael , Meier Eric J. , Williams Garrett R. , Scarola Vito , DeMarco Brian , Kotochigova Svetlana , Gadway Bryce
Published: August 2020

The setup for polarization-based dispersive imaging of molecules that relies on the intrinsic anistropy of their excited states to generate optical birefringence.
A data-driven approach to determine dipole moments of diatomic molecules
Authors: Liu Xiangyue , Meijer Gerard , Pérez-Ríos Jesús
Published: August 2020

We present a data-driven approach for the prediction of the electric dipole moment of diatomic molecules, which is one of the most relevant molecular properties.
One-pot oxidative cleavage of cyclic olefins for the green synthesis of dicarboxylic acids in Pickering emulsions in the presence of acid phosphate additives
Authors: Yang Bingyu , Douyère Grégory , Leclercq Loïc , Nardello-Rataj Véronique , Pera-Titus Marc
Published: August 2020

Dicarboxylic acids were prepared by the oxidative cleavage of cyclic alkenes by adsorbing dodecyltrimethylammonium phosphotungstate particles and silica particles functionalized with octadecyl chains and sulfonic acid groups at the W/O interface.
Tuning the oxygen release properties of CeO2-based catalysts by metal–support interactions for improved gasoline soot combustion
Authors: Ashikaga Ryota , Murata Kazumasa , Ito Tetsuya , Yamamoto Yuta , Arai Shigeo , Satsuma Atsushi
Published: August 2020

CeO2-supported Cu and Rh catalysts showed high soot combustion activities by their high oxygen release properties depending on moderate metal–oxygen bond energy.
Solving the challenging synthesis of highly cytotoxic silver complexes bearing sterically hindered NHC ligands with mechanochemistry
Authors: Beillard Audrey , Quintin François , Gatignol Jérémie , Retailleau Pascal , Renaud Jean-Luc , Gaillard Sylvain , Métro Thomas-Xavier , Lamaty Frédéric , Bantreil Xavier
Published: August 2020

Challenging silver(i) NHC complexes displaying cytotoxicity 256 times higher than cisplatin were synthesized by ball-milling.
A dual-functional urea-linked conjugated porous polymer anchoring silver nanoparticles for highly efficient CO2 conversion under mild conditions
Authors: Wang Xiaoji , Li Wang , Wang Jianxin , Zhu Jie , Li Yuting , Liu Xiaozhen , Wang Liping , Li Lin
Published: August 2020

A dual-functional urea-based conjugated porous polymer (UCPP) linked by enol-imine anchoring silver nanoparticles for CO2 conversion.
Metal coordination of phosphoniocarbynes
Authors: Onn Chee S. , Hill Anthony F. , Olding Angus
Published: August 2020

Heterobi- and tetrametallic phosphoniocarbyne bridged complexes arise from the reactions of the terminal phosphoniocarbyne [W(CPMe2Ph)(CO)2(Tp*)]PF6with unsaturated metal centres.
Melanogenesis effects of rice protein hydrolysate and its characteristic peptides Leu-Leu-Lys, Leu-Pro-Lys, and pyroGlu-Lys on UVB-induced human epidermal melanocyte cells
Authors: Zhang Ruixue , Wei Ying , Li Mingliang , Cai Muyi , Gu Ruizeng , Ma Yong , Chen Liang , Wang Jing
Published: August 2020

This study assessed the melanogenesis effects of rice protein hydrolysate (RPH) and explored the underlying molecular mechanism of its characteristic peptides.
A unique pathway to platform chemicals: aldaric acids as stable intermediates for the synthesis of furandicarboxylic acid esters
Authors: van Strien Nicolaas , Rautiainen Sari , Asikainen Martta , Thomas David A. , Linnekoski Juha , Niemelä Klaus , Harlin Ali
Published: August 2020

A novel method for the efficient production of furandicarboxylic acid from sugar diacids by acid-catalysed dehydration.
Improving fast pyrolysis of lignin using three additives with different modes of action
Authors: Ghysels Stef , Dubuisson Ben , Pala Mehmet , Rohrbach Léon , Van den Bulcke Jan , Heeres Hero Jan , Ronsse Frederik
Published: August 2020

This work comprehensively evaluates three additives to improve lignin fast pyrolysis into key aromatics on practical and chemical levels.
Octahedron rotation evolution in 2D perovskites and its impact on optoelectronic properties: the case of Ba–Zr–S chalcogenides
Authors: Ming Chen , Yang Ke , Zeng Hao , Zhang Shengbai , Sun Yi-Yang
Published: August 2020

Octahedron rotation as a distinctive structural feature with its impact on opto-electronic properties is systematically studied in 2D chalcogenide perovskites.
Graphenylene-supported single-atom (Ru and Mo) catalysts for CO and NO oxidations
Authors: Chen Weiguang , Wang Zhiwen , Cui Yingqi , Li Zhaohan , Li Yi , Dai Xianqi , Tang Yanan
Published: August 2020

Based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the adsorption geometries, stability and catalytic properties of single-atom Ru and Mo anchored on graphenylene sheets (gra-Ru and gra-Mo) are comparatively investigated.
Correction: Unravelling lithiation mechanisms of iron trifluoride by operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy and MCR-ALS chemometric tools
Authors: Eveillard F. , Gervillié C. , Taviot-Guého C. , Leroux F. , Guérin K. , Sougrati M. T. , Belin S. , Delbègue D.
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Unravelling lithiation mechanisms of iron trifluoride by operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy and MCR-ALS chemometric tools’ by F. Eveillard et al., New J. Chem., 2020, 44, 10153–10164, DOI: 10.1039/C9NJ06321H.
Hybrid nanocapsules for in situ TEM imaging of gas evolution reactions in confined liquids
Authors: Alam Sardar B. , Yang Jiwoong , Bustillo Karen C. , Ophus Colin , Ercius Peter , Zheng Haimei , Chan Emory M.
Published: August 2020

Gold-coated liposome nanocapsules enable in situ TEM imaging and mixing of nanoscale reactions confined in zeptoliter volumes.
Carbazole modified oligonucleotides: synthesis, hybridization studies and fluorescence properties
Authors: Gouda Alaa S. , Przypis Łukasz , Walczak Krzysztof , Jørgensen Per T. , Wengel Jesper
Published: August 2020

Investigation of a modified carbazole as a nucleoside mimetic and its binding affinity towards complementary DNA/RNA models shows improved thermal stability and fluorescence emission of carbazole probe–target hybrid duplexes.
Diastereodivergent synthesis of dispiroheterocyclic structures comprising pyrrolidinyloxindole and imidazothiazolotriazine moieties
Authors: Izmest'ev Alexei N. , Gazieva Galina A. , Karnoukhova Valentina A. , Kravchenko Angelina N.
Published: August 2020

The different sequence of the stages of cycloaddition and rearrangement of imidazo[4,5-e]thiazolo[3,2-b]triazines into imidazo[4,5-e]thiazolo[2,3-c]triazines has opened up new possibilities in the directed synthesis of spirooxindoles.
Nano-assemblies with core-forming hydrophobic polypeptide via polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA)
Authors: Dao T. P. Tuyen , Vezenkov Lubomir , Subra Gilles , Ladmiral Vincent , Semsarilar Mona
Published: August 2020

The aim of this study is to produce self-assembled structures with hydrophobic polypeptide cores via Reversible Addition–Fragmentation chain Transfer (RAFT) – mediated Polymerisation-Induced Self-Assembly (PISA).
Cationic ether-free poly(bis-alkylimidazolium) ionene blend polybenzimidazole as anion exchange membranes
Authors: Dong Jianhao , Yu Na , Che Xuefu , Liu Ruihong , Aili David , Yang Jingshuai
Published: August 2020

A new simple route towards ether-free AEM design and fabrication with a wide potential structural scope.
14-Residue peptaibol velutibol A from Trichoderma velutinum: its structural and cytotoxic evaluation
Authors: Singh Varun Pratap , Pathania Anup Singh , Kushwaha Manoj , Singh Samsher , Sharma Vandana , Malik Fayaz A. , Khan Inshad A. , Kumar Anil , Singh Deepika , Vishwakarma Ram A.
Published: August 2020

Velutibol A (1), a new 14-residue peptaibol isolated from the Himalayan cold habitat fungus Trichoderma velutinum.
Low-temperature fluoride-assisted synthesis of mullite whiskers
Authors: Abdullayev Amanmyrat , Zemke Fabian , Gurlo Aleksander , Bekheet Maged F.
Published: August 2020

Fluoride-assisted method for obtaining highly crystalline mullite whiskers at low temperature (∼800 °C) is reported.
Comparison of diverse resistive switching characteristics and demonstration of transitions among them in Al-incorporated HfO2-based resistive switching memory for neuromorphic applications
Authors: Khan Sobia Ali , Kim Sungjun
Published: August 2020

Diverse resistive switching behaviors are observed in the Pt/HfAlOx/TiN memory device depending on the compliance current, the sweep voltage amplitude, and the bias polarity.
Correction: Toward realistic computer modeling of paraffin-based composite materials: critical assessment of atomic-scale models of paraffins
Authors: Volgin Igor V. , Glova Artyom D. , Nazarychev Victor M. , Larin Sergey V. , Lyulin Sergey V. , Gurtovenko Andrey A.
Published: August 2020

Correction for ‘Toward realistic computer modeling of paraffin-based composite materials: critical assessment of atomic-scale models of paraffins’ by Artyom D. Glovaet al.,RSC Adv., 2019,9, 38834–38847, DOI: 10.1039/C9RA07325F.
Network-supported, metal-mediated catalysis: progress and perspective
Authors: Bennett Jeffrey A. , Davis Bradley A. , Efimenko Kirill , Genzer Jan , Abolhasani Milad
Published: August 2020

This minireview focuses on recent developments of network-supported catalysts to improve the performance of a wide range of metal-mediated catalytic reactions.
Heterobimetallic Eu(iii)/Pt(ii) single-chain nanoparticles: a path to enlighten catalytic reactions
Authors: Knöfel Nicolai D. , Rothfuss Hannah , Tzvetkova Pavleta , Kulendran Bragavie , Barner-Kowollik Christopher , Roesky Peter W.
Published: August 2020

A bifunctional terpolymer containing two orthogonal ligand moieties was synthesized, giving way to the facile formation of heterometallic Eu(iii)/Pt(ii) single-chain nanoparticles, which display both catalytic and luminescent properties.
Engineering micromechanics of soft porous crystals for negative gas adsorption
Authors: Krause Simon , Evans Jack D. , Bon Volodymyr , Senkovska Irena , Ehrling Sebastian , Iacomi Paul , Többens Daniel M. , Wallacher Dirk , Weiss Manfred S. , Zheng Bin , Yot Pascal G. , Maurin Guillaume , Llewellyn Philip L. , Coudert François-Xavier , Kaskel Stefan
Published: August 2020

We characterise the elastic properties of molecular building blocks and how they impact the mechanical properties of soft porous crystals.
Acoustic resonance in periodically sheared glass: damping due to plastic events
Authors: Kawasaki Takeshi , Onuki Akira
Published: August 2020

Using molecular dynamics simulation, we study acoustic resonance in a low-temperature model glass by applying a small periodic shear at a boundary wall.
Light-induced electrostatic lithography: selective discharge of electrets by utilizing photothermal conversion of Ti3C2Tx MXene
Authors: Ma Hui , Cheng Haoge , Ma Xinlei , Wang Sen , Zhou Zhuqing , Chai Yuqiao , Chen Ruoqi , Zhang Xinyue , He Yonglin , Wang Yapei , Li Yan , Wang Xusheng , Li Rui , Ma Ning , Xue Mianqi
Published: August 2020

A novel light-induced electrostatic lithography is developed by combining in situ photothermal conversion with selective thermally stimulated discharging.
Near infrared electron acceptors with a photoresponse beyond 1000 nm for highly efficient organic solar cells
Authors: He Chengliang , Li Yaokai , Liu Yanfeng , Li Yuhao , Zhou Guanqing , Li Shuixing , Zhu Haiming , Lu Xinhui , Zhang Fengling , Li Chang-Zhi , Chen Hongzheng
Published: August 2020

Non-fullerene acceptors with photoresponse beyond 1000 nm were synthesized with different thiophene bridges, which influence molecular orientation and thus device performance.
Fibro-porous PLLA/gelatin composite membrane doped with cerium oxide nanoparticles as bioactive scaffolds for future angiogenesis
Authors: Xu Zhiyang , Xu Yulong , Basuthakur Papia , Patra Chitta Ranjan , Ramakrishna Seeram , Liu Yong , Thomas Vinoy , Nanda Himansu Sekhar
Published: August 2020

Functionalized cerium oxide nanoparticle (CeNP)-loaded fibro-porous poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA)/gelatin composite membranes were preparedviaelectrospinning
Effects of the bonding intensity between hyaluronan and gelatin on chondrogenic phenotypic maintenance
Authors: Wang Yuxiang , Chen Yafang , Xu Yang , Chen Manyu , Lu Yan , Liang Jie , Sun Yong , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong
Published: August 2020

The strong bonding intensity of composite hydrogels contributed to the proliferation of chondrocytes and the maintenance of hyaline cartilage phenotype.
Bandgap and strain engineering in epitaxial rocksalt structure (Ti0.5Mg0.5)1−xAlxN(001) semiconductors
Authors: Wang Baiwei , Zhang Minghua , Adhikari Vijaya , Fang Peijiao , Khare Sanjay V. , Gall Daniel
Published: August 2020

The model system (Ti0.5Mg0.5)1−xAlxN is used to demonstrate the tunability of both bandgap and strain state in rocksalt-structure nitride semiconductors.
Ras-transformation reduce FAM20C expression and osteopontin phosphorylation
Authors: Schytte Gitte N. , Christensen Brian , Bregenov Ida , Sørensen Esben S.
Published: August 2020

Family with sequence similarity 20, member C (FAM20C) is the main kinase of secreted phosphoproteins, including the multifunctional protein and cytokine, osteopontin (OPN). The phosphorylation of OPN varies greatly among cell types, tissues and species, and the different phospho-isoforms contribute to the multifunctionality of the protein. Expression of OPN is increased in human malignancies, and less phosphorylated isoforms of the protein have been associated with this phenotype. Here, we compared OPN from ras-transformed fibroblasts with that from their non-transformed parental cells, and found that OPN was less phosphorylated after ras-transformation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that expression of FAM20C mRNA was reduced five-fold in ras-transformed fibroblasts compared with non-transformed fibroblasts. Transfection with FAM20C of the ras-transformed fibroblasts restored the FAM20C mRNA expression but the phosphorylation of OPN was not increased proportionally. Likewise, the mRNA level of FAM20C was reduced in the malignant ras-transformed mammary cell line MCF10ACA1a compared with its non-transformed parental cell line MCF10A. These results suggest that expression of the FAM20C kinase is reduced after oncogenic ras-transformation, which potentially affects the phosphorylation of secreted phosphoproteins.
Plasma lipidomic analysis of sphingolipids in patients with large artery atherosclerosis cerebrovascular disease and cerebral small vessel disease
Authors: You Qian , Peng Qing , Yu Zemou , Jin Haiqiang , Zhang Jing , Sun Wei , Huang Yining
Published: August 2020

Background: Sphingolipids mainly consist of ceramides (Cer), sphingomyelins (SM) and glycosphingolipids. Sphingolipids are related with coronary heart disease and metabolic disease, but there’re few studies about cerebrovascular disease. The purpose was to detect sphingolipids in plasma of patients with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) cerebrovascular disease and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) to explore the similarities and differences of pathogenesis of the two subtypes.

Methods: 20 patients with LAA cerebrovascular disease, 20 patients with age-related CSVD, 10 patients with Fabry disease and 14 controls were enrolled from October 2017 to January 2019. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadruple-time-of-flight mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry was used to determine sphingolipids. Univariate combined with multivariate analysis was used for comparison. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine sensitivities and specificities.

Results: 276 sphingolipids were detected, including 39 Cer, 3 ceramide phosphates, 72 glycosphingolipids and 162 SM. (1) Cer (d36:3), Cer (d34:2), Cer (d38:6), Cer (d36:4) and Cer (d16:0/18:1) were increased in LAA; SM (d34:1), Cer (d34:2), Cer (d36:4), Cer (d16:0/18:1), Cer (d38:6), Cer (d36:3) and Cer (d32:0) were increased in age-related CSVD. (2) Cer (d36:4) and SM (d34:1) were increased in age-related CSVD compared with LAA. (3) Total trihexosyl ceramides were increased in Fabry group compared with control (P<0.05); SM (d34:1) was increased in Fabry group.

Conclusions: Ceramides are increased in both LAA and age-related CSVD, which may be related to similar risk factors and pathophysiological process of arteriosclerosis; SM is increased in both age-related CSVD and Fabry disease, suggesting that increased SM may be associated with CSVD. Glycosphingolipids, trihexosylceramides in particular, are increased in Fabry disease.
Current problems and future avenues in proteoliposome research
Authors: Amati Andrea Marco , Graf Simone , Deutschmann Sabina , Dolder Nicolas , von Ballmoos Christoph
Published: August 2020

Membrane proteins (MPs) are the gatekeepers between different biological compartments separated by lipid bilayers. Being receptors, channels, transporters, or primary pumps, they fulfill a wide variety of cellular functions and their importance is reflected in the increasing number of drugs that target MPs. Functional studies of MPs within a native cellular context, however, is difficult due to the innate complexity of the densely packed membranes. Over the past decades, detergent-based extraction and purification of MPs and their reconstitution into lipid mimetic systems has been a very powerful tool to simplify the experimental system. In this review, we focus on proteoliposomes that have become an indispensable experimental system for enzymes with a vectorial function, including many of the here described energy transducing MPs. We first address long standing questions on the difficulty of successful reconstitution and controlled orientation of MPs into liposomes. A special emphasis is given on coreconstitution of several MPs into the same bilayer. Second, we discuss recent progress in the development of fluorescent dyes that offer sensitive detection with high temporal resolution. Finally, we briefly cover the use of giant unilamellar vesicles for the investigation of complex enzymatic cascades, a very promising experimental tool considering our increasing knowledge of the interplay of different cellular components.
Chromatin as an active polymeric material
Authors: Menon Gautam I.
Published: August 2020

The patterns of the large-scale spatial organization of chromatin in interphase human somatic cells are not random. Such patterns include the radial separation of euchromatin and heterochromatin, the territorial organization of individual chromosomes, the non-random locations of chromosome territories and the differential positioning of the two X chromosomes in female cells. These features of large-scale nuclear architecture follow naturally from the hypothesis that ATP-consuming non-equilibrium processes associated with highly transcribed regions of chromosomes are a source of ‘active’ forces. These forces are in excess of those that arise from Brownian motion. Simulations of model chromosomes that incorporate such activity recapitulate these features. In addition, they reproduce many other aspects of the spatial organization of chromatin at large scales that are known from experiments. Our results, reviewed here, suggest that the distribution of transcriptional activity across chromosomes underlies many aspects of large-scale nuclear architecture that were hitherto believed to be unrelated.
Research on New Energy and Thermal Power Proportion Comparison of UHVDC Generation Expansion Planning
Authors: Sun Licheng , Wu Gaolei , Xin Chaoshan , Gao Lei , Geng Zhaowei
Published: August 2020

Generation expansion planning of UHVDC plays a crucial role in optimizing resource utilization. A mixed delivery of wind, solar, and thermal power can help achieve multiple objectives such as to stabilize power supply, to raise renewable energy ratio, to reduce the wind and solar curtailment rate, while keeping the price acceptable. This paper considers 4 objectives of generation planning of UHVDC and formulates a model to simulate the operation and thus get the key indices that are used to choose from possible generation expansion planning options. We show the effect of the proposed method using a case study of the Xinjiang 3rd UHVDC channel.
Comparative Study on Performance Improvement of SPWM/THIPWM based DCMLI Grid Connected DFIG
Authors: Ahmed Hossam-Eldin A. , Negm Emtethal , Elgamal Mohamed S , AboRas Kareem M
Published: August 2020

Multi-level voltage source converter is integrated in various fields in renewable energy power generation technologies such as wind and solar sources for applications that need higher voltage and higher power. In wind power generation market, doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) based on wind power generation is now the leading technology as they are economically feasible, they do offer a variable speed and efficient substitute to the fossil fuel. This paper proposes a DFIG based on a back to back diode clamped multilevel converter systems (DCMLI) fired comparatively by sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) and third harmonic injection pulse width modulation (THIPWM) techniques. By using these technologies, the DFIG performance is compared for different wind speeds under normal operation condition. The proposed approach shows that the DCMLI systems generate a near sinusoidal voltage with lower values in total harmonic distortion (THD) thus, upgrading the power quality that is produced by DFIG. Lastly, the variation of frequency of induced rotor voltage and the active power flow due to the wind speed changes when the rotor speed changes from super synchronous to sub synchronous speeds is investigated.
Design and Simulation of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Exhaust Gas Recovery System
Authors: Li Long , Liang QianChao , Zhao JianFeng , Zhang Yang , Liang YiFan
Published: August 2020

The compressed air from high-pressure compressor enters the proton exchange fuel cell and was discharged from the cathode after reacting. This part of the exhaust gas had a certain residual pressure. In order to study the effect of cathode exhaust gas residual pressure recovery on the efficiency of proton exchange membrane fuel cell system, this paper used Simulink software to establish a proton exchange membrane fuel cell exhaust gas recovery system model. In the model, the mass flow of supply air was controlled by controlling the air excess ratio Under this condition, the work done by the exhaust gas on the turbine could account for 18% of the parasitic power consumption. The simulation results showed that this system could increase the system power by up to 13% compared with the energy recovery turbine system, which had good consistency, which was of great significance for PEMFC system design and exhaust gas recovery.
Tribological properties of hydrogenated boron carbide (BxC:Hy) thin films on stainless steel deposited by RF-PECVD technique
Authors: Bute Arundhati , Khare Neelima , Kumar Sanjiv , Bhattacharya Debarati , Singh Kulwant , Sahu Ashok Kumar , Chand Naresh , Sinha Sucharita
Published: August 2020

This study narrates the findings regarding investigation of tribological properties of BxC:Hy thin films deposited by Radio Frequency Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (RF-PECVD) technique. To study tribological properties, two sets of films were prepared with variation in composition and thickness by tuning deposition parameters. Tribological properties were studied in ambience for three different applied vertical load values (5, 10 and 15 N). Lower self-bias (−75 V) seems advantageous for synthesis of BxC:Hy films offering superior hardness, lubricity and wear resistance in tribologically stressed conditions. For a given composition, the film with the highest thickness (∼3 μm) exhibited better friction and wear resistance, offering lowest co-efficient of friction (COF) ∼0.23 for 5 N load and specific wear rate of 2.56 × 10−5 mm3/Nm for 10 N load. Lower self-bias during deposition (−75 V) seems advantageous for synthesis of BxC:Hy films having high hardness (∼2800 HK) and excellent Co-efficient of friction (COF).
Investigation of local governments’ preparation for evacuation in nuclear emergency in Japan
Authors: Sakamoto M. , Tsujiguchi T. , Koiwa T. , Ogura K. , Yamaguchi M. , Ito K. , Yamanouchi K. , Yasuda H. , Tokonami S. , Kashiwakura I.
Published: August 2020

In Japan, the Nuclear Emergency Response Guidelines were announced in 2015 after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant accident, and each local government is currently formulating a plan for the evacuation of its residents and a subsequent radioactive contamination inspection. However, there are no reports about the state of preparation of the local governments. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey regarding the preparation status of each local government responsible for the evacuation of its residents and contamination inspections in Japan and the education training status of staff and summarized the results. Results indicated that 17 of 21 local governments, which answered our questionnaire, have been conducting large-scale evacuation drills at least once a year since 2015 in Japan, demonstrating a high awareness of nuclear emergency response. Conversely, results revealed that the number of local government officials familiar with the evacuation plan and/or contamination inspection flow was small, and issues about education for local government officials were discovered. Statistical analysis suggested that the frequency of training might be related to the high educational needs for risk communication.
Opportunistische Infektionen des Nervensystems bei AIDS
Authors: Maschke Matthias
Published: August 2020

Opportunistische Infektionen des ZNS sind bei Menschen mit HIV-Infektion mit einer substanziellen Morbidität und Mortalität verknüpft. Die häufigsten Infektionen sind die progressive multifokale Leukenzephalopathie (PML), die Toxoplasma-Enzephalitis und die Kryptokokken-Meningitis. Die Inzidenz liegt unter der antiretroviralen Kombinationstherapie (cART) unter 1,0/1000 Patientenjahre. Andere Infektionen wie die Cytomegalievirus-Enzephalitis, das EBV-assoziierte primäre ZNS-Lymphom, Infektionen mit Mykobakterien, anderen Herpesviren und anderen Pilzen wie Aspergillus und Candida sind mittlerweile noch seltener. Komplizierend ist das inflammatorische Immunrekonstitutionssyndrom (IRIS), welches nach Initiierung einer cART in Anwesenheit einer gleichzeitigen opportunistischen Infektion auftreten kann. Durch die moderne cART, aber auch durch andere Behandlungsmöglichkeiten ist die Prognose der opportunistischen Infektionen entscheidend verbessert worden.
SNPs of miR-23b, miR-107 and HMGA2 and their Relations with the
Response to Medical Treatment in Acromegaly Patients
Authors: Armagan Derya Metin , Akdemir Ayse Seda , Ozkaya Hande Mefkure , Korkmaz Ozge Polat , Gazioglu Nurperi , Kadioglu Pinar , Tanriover Necmettin , Dagistanli Kaya-Fatma , Dirican Ahmet , Ozturk Melek
Published: August 2020

Introduction Acromegaly is a chronic disease of increased growth hormone
(GH) secretion and elevated insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels induced
by a pituitary adenoma. HMGA2 (high mobility group A2) and AIP (aryl hydrocarbon
receptor-interacting protein) expression levels are related to GH-secreting
adenomas, and also a response to Somatostatin Analogs (SSAs). We studied SNPs in
miR-107 and miR-23b that related with AIP and HMGA2 genes respectively and
control their expression, and also SNP in the 3'UTR of HMGA2 gene. Our
aim was to investigate genotype distributions of the studied SNPs, as well as
the possible relationship between disease and/or response to SSAs
treatment in patients with acromegaly.

Material and Methods Genotypes were determined by qRT-PCR method from DNA
materials obtained blood samples of acromegaly patients (141) and healthy
individuals (99). The genotype distributions of patients and healthy groups, as
well as the relationship between the clinical data of the disease and genotypes
were statistically compared.

Results In acromegaly patients with T-allele, p53 expression
(p=0.049) was significantly higher. In patients with CT+TT
genotype and T-allele who were responder to SSA-treatment Ki-67 index
(respectively p=0.019, p=0.020 respectively) was higher. We did
not observe the genotypes for miR-23b and miR-107 polymorphisms in the patients
and control group of Turkish population.

Conclusion The genetic variations of the miRNAs genes related with HMGA2
and AIP genes were not seen in our study. Although there is no relationship
between HMGA2-rs1351394 polymorphism and acromegaly disease, T allele was
associated with some clinical features related to adenoma in patients with
acromegaly.
Aktualisierte Empfehlungen zu SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 und
Schwangerschaft, Geburt und Wochenbett
Authors: Zöllkau Janine , Hagenbeck Carsten , Hecher Kurt , Pecks Ulrich , Schlembach Dietmar , Simon Arne , Schlösser Rolf , Schleußner Ekkehard
Published: August 2020

Mit Beginn der SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie haben die deutschen geburtshilflichen und
pädiatrischen Fachgesellschaften im März 2020 Empfehlungen zur
Versorgung infizierter Schwangerer und deren Neugeborener, wie auch notwendige
Schutzmaßnahmen für das Personal veröffentlicht
[1–3]. Eine Aktualisierung ist aufgrund des rasanten Wissenszuwachses
notwendig. Die vorliegende Empfehlung versteht sich daher als Fortschreibung der
bereits vorliegenden Publikationen [1–3].

Von der Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group wurden weltweit nationale
Empfehlungen verglichen und als Review veröffentlicht [4]. In
methodischer Anlehnung hieran nehmen die vorliegenden aktualisierten
Empfehlungen Stellung zu den Kernfragen der prä-, peri- und postnatalen
Betreuung bei SARS-CoV-2 und COVID-19, auf der Grundlage der bis zum 30.05.2020
verfügbaren Publikationen. Die Stellungnahmen basieren auf einem
sorgfältig abgestimmten ExpertInnenkonsens und können sich
– insofern neue Erkenntnisse veröffentlicht werden –
zeitnah ändern.

Die Verantwortung für das konkrete Vorgehen bleibt bei dem vor Ort
medizinisch betreuenden Team, dessen Entscheidungen durch diese Empfehlung
unterstützt werden sollen.
‘Precision’ or ‘personalized’ psychiatry: different terms – same content?
Authors: Perna Giampaolo , Cuniberti Francesco , Daccò Silvia , Grassi Massimiliano , Caldirola Daniela
Published: August 2020

Due to the increased lifetime prevalence and personal, social, and economic burden of mental disorders, psychiatry is in need of a significant change in several aspects of its clinical and research approaches. Over the last few decades, the development of personalized / precision medicine in psychiatry focusing on tailored therapies that fit each patient’s unique individual, physiological, and genetic profile has not achieved the same results as those obtained in other branches, such as oncology. The long-awaited revolution has not yet surfaced. There are various explanations for this including imprecise diagnostic criteria, incomplete understanding of the molecular pathology involved, absence of available clinical tools and, finally, the characteristics of the patient. Since then, the co-existence of the two terms has sparked a great deal of discussion around the definition and differentiation between the two types of psychiatry, as they often seem similar or even superimposable. Generally, the two terminologies are used indiscriminately, alternatively, and / or separately, within the same scientific works. In this paper, an overview is provided on the overlap between the application and meaning of the terms ‘precision psychiatry’ and ‘personalized psychiatry’.
HIV-Infektion und Schlafstörungen
Authors: Happe Svenja
Published: August 2020

Eine HIV-Infektion, inklusive des Krankheitsbildes AIDS, kann auf vielen Arten zu Schlafstörungen führen. Zum einen führt die Beteiligung des ZNS durch das Virus selbst (HIV-Enzephalopathie) zu Formen der Hypersomnie. Zum anderen kann eine Beteiligung des peripheren Nervensystems z. B. bei neuropathischen Schmerzen zu Schlafstörungen führen. Indirekt kann es über ein Lipodystrophie-Syndrom, das medikamentös bedingt ist, zu einer erhöhten Anfälligkeit für ein obstruktives Schlafapnoe-Syndrom kommen. Außerdem sind einige virostatische Medikamente (z. B. Efavirenz) bekannt dafür, dass sie lebhafte Träume oder andere Parasomnien auslösen.
Aufsuchende Familienbegleitung in der COVID-19-Krise durch Gesundheitsfachkräfte der Frühen Hilfen
Authors: Scharmanski Sara , van Staa Juliane , Renner Ilona
Published: August 2020

Um die aktuelle Arbeitssituation der aufsuchend tätigen Gesundheitsfachkräfte in den Frühen Hilfen und die Lage der Familien während der Kontaktbeschränkungen durch die Corona-Pandemie einschätzen zu können, befragte das Nationale Zentrum Frühe Hilfen (NZFH) Familienhebammen sowie Familien- und Gesundheitskinderkrankenpflegende. Die Ergebnisse der Befragung sind in dieser Arbeit zusammengefasst.
Persistent Cushing’s Disease after Transsphenoidal Surgery:
Challenges and Solutions
Authors: Albani Adriana , Theodoropoulou Marily
Published: August 2020

Transsphenoidal surgery remains the primary treatment for Cushing’s
disease (CD). However, despite the vast improvements in pituitary surgery,
successful treatment of CD remains a great challenge. Although selective
transsphenoidal removal of the pituitary tumor is a safe and effective
procedure, the disease persists in around 22% of CD patients due to
incomplete tumor resection. The persistence of hypercortisolism after pituitary
surgery may also be the consequence of a misdiagnosis, as can occur in case of
ectopic ACTH secretion or pseudo-Cushing. Considering the elevated mortality and
morbidity characterizing the disease, a multidisciplinary approach is needed to
minimize potential pitfalls occurring during the diagnosis, avoid surgical
failure and provide the best care in those patients who have undergone
unsuccessful surgery. In this review, we analyze the factors that could predict
remission or persistence of CD after pituitary surgery and revise the
therapeutic options in case of surgical failure.
Development and Usability of a Smartphone Application for Tracking Oncology Patients in Gaborone, Botswana
Authors: Grover Surbhi , Shah Sidrah , Bhatia Rohini , Urusaro Sandra , Monare Barati , Ralefala Tlotlo , Seiphetlheng Alexander , Singh Sherman Preet , Dhaliwal Givy
Published: August 2020

Background The majority of new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) by 2025, and 65% of cancer deaths currently occur in LMICs. Treatment adherence, patient monitoring, and follow-up are essential to cancer care but are often not possible in these settings. Out Patient (OP) Care, a smartphone application (app) developed to fill this gap, texts appointment reminders to patients and electronically stores medical records confidentially.

Objectives This study aims to present the development of this app and evaluate its usability and feasibility as defined by provider and patient experiences in the context of a multidisciplinary cancer clinic in Gaborone, Botswana.

Methods OP Care was piloted at a multidisciplinary team gynecologic oncology clinic in Gaborone, Botswana. The app was developed through an iterative process with feedback from clinic staff and physicians. The usability was evaluated using a cross-sectional survey. All staff members in the gynecologic oncology clinic, which typically consists of one doctor and four nurses, as well as a portion of the staff in the (Princess Marina Hospital general) oncology ward used the app. All providers using the app were surveyed, along with all patients who attended the gynecologic oncology clinic during the 3-week survey period. Staff demographics, reactions, and opinions on usability, as well as patients' reactions to the appointment reminders were collected. Agreement to the ease-of-usability statements was recorded on a 1 (not at all) to 7 (extremely so) scale. Primary outcomes were the app's usability and the feasibility of text reminders from the patient's perspective.

Results Nine staff and 15 patients were surveyed. Staff included three doctors and six nurses and encompassed all of the staff in the gynecologic oncology clinic as well as a portion of the general oncology ward. All surveyed staff owned a smartphone and used a computer at home. Most (78%) staff did not feel that OP Care would increase their work burden and were willing to use the app if implemented permanently (median: 6; interquartile range [IQR]: 1). Seventeen out of the nineteen usability questions, such as “I feel comfortable using this system,” scored a median of 6, corresponding to “very much so.” Patients reported that the reminder text messages were helpful (median: 6; IQR: 1) and preferred the text reminders to be in Setswana (median: 7; IQR: 1).

Conclusion High usability scores indicate that the app can be scaled up to usage in this clinic and others. Although patients appreciate OP Care, the option for call and text reminders in Setswana is indicated.
Orbital Anatomy: Anatomical Relationships of Surrounding Structures
Authors: Salgado-López Laura , Campos-Leonel Luciano C.P. , Pinheiro-Neto Carlos D. , Peris-Celda María
Published: August 2020

Advances in skull base and orbital surgery have led to an increased need to understand the anatomy of the orbit and surrounding structures to safely perform surgeries in this area. The purpose of this article is to review the surrounding anatomy of the orbit from a practical and operative point of view. We describe the orbit from an inferomedial endoscopic endonasal perspective (focusing on its inferior relationship with the maxillary sinus and related structures and its medial relationship with the ethmoid bone), from a posterior and superolateral intracranial perspective (describing the anatomy of the superior orbital fissure, optic canal, inferior orbital fissure, cavernous sinus, orbitofrontal cortex, and surrounding dura) and from an anterior perspective (focusing on the muscles, connective tissue, lateral and medial canthus, and relevant neurovascular anatomy). A deep knowledge of the critical neurovascular and osseous structures surrounding the orbit is necessary for adequately choosing and performing the most favorable orbital approach in every case.
Measurement of Acetabular Component Position in Total Hip Arthroplasty in Dogs: Comparison of a Radio-Opaque Cup Position Assessment Device Using Fluoroscopy with CT Assessment and Direct Measurement
Authors: Dalbeth Brianna N. , Karlin William M. , Lirtzman Ross A. , Kowaleski Michael P.
Published: August 2020

Objectives The aim of this study was to compare measurements of angle of lateral opening (ALO) and version determined using a radioopaque cup position assessment device imaged with fluoroscopy to measurements obtained by CT and direct measurement in a cadaveric model. Our null hypothesis was that there would not be any difference in the angles measured by the techniques.

Methods Six cadavers were implanted with BFX acetabular components. The CPAD was placed and images were obtained with fluoroscopy. Measurements were obtained from the radiopaque marker bars on the CPAD device, and version and ALO were calculated. The ALO and version were determined by CT and DM. Comparisons were made using a two-way analysis of variance and a generalized linear model procedure analysis.

Results There were no significant differences between the measurements for ALO (p = 0.275) or version (p = 0.226). Correlation between methods was 0.948 and 0.951 for ALO and version, respectively. The mean difference (standard deviation [SD], and 95% confidence interval [CI]) for ALO were: CT versus CPAD 1.85 degrees (± 2.32 degrees [-2.99–3.31]), CT versus DM 1.96 degrees (± 1.99 degrees [−2.2–4.27]), CPAD versus DM1.74 degrees (±2.21 degrees [−1.13 and 5.24]). The mean difference (SD [CI]) for version was CT versus CPAD 2.86 degrees (±1.56 degrees [ −2.63–1.69]), CT versus DM 1.10 degrees (±1.42 degrees [−1.57–2.09]), CPAD versus DM 1.07 degrees (±0.76 degrees [0.13–2.09]).

Clinical Relevance The results demonstrate that intraoperative imaging in cadaveric specimens with the CPAD is an accurate method to determine ALO and version of the acetabular component.
Postoperative Opioid Use in Rhinoplasty Procedures: A Standardized Regimen
Authors: Marshall Ryan V. , Rivers Nicholas J. , Manickavel Sudhir , Grayson Jessica W. , Cox Artemus J.
Published: August 2020

The objective of this study was to create a standardized regimen for preoperative and postoperative analgesic prescribing patterns in rhinoplasty. A prospective study including patients (n = 35) undergoing rhinoplasty by a single surgeon at a tertiary hospital was conducted. Patients were enrolled in this study from August 2018 to November 2019. Patients then completed a diary documenting pain scores and analgesic use for 14 days postoperatively. Patient demographics, complications, rhinoplasty technique performed, and medical history were noted. At the second postoperative clinic visit, the diaries were submitted and pill counts were conducted to ensure accuracy. A total of 23 patients completed this study. The average age of the cohort was 39.07 ± 15.01 years, and 48% were females. The mean number of opioids consumed was 6.15 ± 4.85 pills (range: 0–18). Females consumed an average of 7.2 ± 5.2 pills and males consumed 4.5 ± 3.96 pills. The mean number of acetaminophen and ibuprofen tablets consumed were 7.48 ± 8.52 pills (range: 0–36) and 10.83 ± 10.99 pills (range 0–39), respectively. No postoperative nosebleeds were reported. Males had significantly higher pain scores than females on postoperative days 1 to 8. The mean pain score for postoperative days 8 to 14 was less than 1. Linear regression analysis showed that there was no association between the rhinoplasty technique used and the number of opioids consumed. Rhinoplasty is typically associated with mild pain even when osteotomies are included with the procedure. Our results suggest that surgeons can limit rhinoplasty opioid prescriptions to around seven pills and achieve sufficient pain control in most patients. Preoperative counseling suggesting a low postoperative pain level and the encouragement of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use will help reduce the risk and misuse of opioid prescriptions.