bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Nikolova Dafina , Chalovska Viktorija , Ivanova Magdalena Genadieva , Nikolovska Emilija , Volkanovska Ance , Orovchanec Nikola , Kunovska Slavica Kostadinova , Petrushevska Gordana , Janevska Vesna
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling plays an important role in various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to evaluate immunoexpression of EGFR in HCC and surrounding non-tumor liver tissue and to correlate it to multiple clinicopathologic data.

Material and Methods: We analyzed 60 patients with HCC for multiple clinicopathologic characteristics and survival.

Presence of the immunosignal and the percentage of positive tumor cells at the whole tumor tissue sample and adjacent cirrhotic liver tissue were semi-quantitatively determined.

Results: Nineteen patients (31.67%) were female and 41 (68.33%) were male ranging in age from 31 to 85 years, median 61.88±10.51.

Mean survival time for female patients was 8.86±1.76 months, for male 13.03±1.50 months and overall survival was 11.6051±1.19 months.

The most patients had: T2 status (41.67%), no enlarged lymph nodes (90%), vascular invasion (63.33%) and well differentiated (43.33%) tumors.

EGFR immunoexpression was determined in range from 0% to 100% in both tumor and non-tumor tissue with mean value of 39.58% in tumor and 86.86% in cirrhotic tissue (p<0.00).

Higher percent of tumor EGFR positive cells were found in cases with higher T status, higher levels of AFP and poorly differentiated carcinoma, but not significantly.

Lower percent of tumor EGFR positive cells were found in patients with vascular invasion and enlarged lymph nodes, but also not significantly.

EGFR expression in tumor tissue significantly influenced survival of the patients (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The study showed that expression of EGFR in lower percentage of tumor cells was associated to favorable prognosis, making it a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
Community Acquired Legionnaire’s Disease in a Kidney Transplant Patient
Authors: Kirincich Jason , Sakic Zrinka , Atic Armin , Basic-Jukic Nikolina
Published: January 2019

This case report details the clinical picture of a renal transplant recipient infected with community acquired Legionella pneumonia. While it is more commonly associated as a nosocomial infection due to pathogenic organisms in a hospital’s water supply, this case serves as a reminder to consider the patient’s impaired cellular immune function when trying to diagnose community acquired pneumonia.
Assessment of Malnutrition Inflammation Score in Different Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Aggarwal H.K. , Jain Deepak , Chauda Rahul , Bhatia Shailesh , Sehgal Rajnish
Published: January 2019

Background: Protein-energy wasting (PEW) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Malnutrition-Inflammation Score (MIS) has significant correlations with prospective hospitalization and mortality, as well as measures of anemia, inflammation, and nutrition in dialysis patients.

Material and Methods: The study was conducted on 100 adult patients of CKD selected from K&D clinic PGIMS, Rohtak. All the patients went under detailed socioeconomic, clinical, biochemical and radiological examination. The average of three measurements of body weight, height, triceps skin fold thickness (TST), and mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) were measured in all patients. MIS was calculated for all the patients.

Results: Out of total 100 patients, 64 were male and 36 were female. Overall, the prevalence of malnutrition was 60%. A total of 42%, 16% and 2% patients had mild, moderate and severe malnutrition respectively. Our study also shows significant association between staging of CKD (3 to 5-D) and MIS. A significant negative correlation was found between MIS and factors such as BMI, eGFR, serum calcium and hemoglobin levels. A significant positive correlation of this score was found with blood urea serum creatinine, serum uric acid, serum potassium and serum phosphate. Multivariate analysis showed significant association between MIS and serum albumin, TIBC, BMI, family income and hs-CRP.

Conclusion: Assessment of key components of malnutrition and inflammation early in disease course will help to identify high risk subjects in whom modifying these predictors will help in providing active and healthy life for CKD patients.
Opioid Free Anesthesia for Laparotomic Hemicolectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Toleska Marija , Kuzmanovska Biljana , Kartalov Andrijan , Shosholcheva Mirjana , Nancheva Jasminka , Dimitrovski Aleksandar , Toleska Natasha
Published: January 2019

Opioid free anesthesia (OFA) is deffined as anaesthesiological technique where opioids are not used in the intraoperative period (systemic, neuroaxial or intracavitary). Anaphylaxis caused by opioids (fentanyl) is very rare, and the reaction is presented with hypotension and urticaria. When we have proven allergy to fentanyl, patients’ refusal of placing epidural catheter and refusal of receiving bilateral ultrasound guided transversus abdominis plane block (USG TAPB), we must think of using multimodal nonopioide analgesia. The concept of multimodal balanced analgesia is consisted of giving different analgesic drugs in purpose to change the pathophysiological process which is included in nociception, in way to receive more effective intraoperative analgesia with less adverse effects. This is a case report of a 60-year-old male patient scheduled for laparotomic hemicolectomy, who previously had proven allergy to fentanyl. We have decided to give him an opioid free anaesthesia. Before the induction to anaesthesia, the patient would receive dexamethasone (dexasone) 0.1 mg/kg and paracetamol 1 gr intravenously. The patient was induced into general endotracheal anesthesia according to a standardized protocol, with midazolam 0.04 mg/kg, lidocaine hydrochloride 1 mg/kg, propofol 2 mg/kg and rocuronium bromide 0.6 mg/kg. Anaesthesia was maintained by using sevoflurane MAC 1 in order to maintain mean arterial pressure (MAP) with a value of +/- 20% of the original value. After tracheal intubation, the patient had received ketamine hydrochloride 0.5 mg/kg (or 50 mg ketamine) in bolus intravenously and a continuous intravenous infusion with lidocaine hydrochloride (lidocaine) 2 mg/kg/hr and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) 1,5 gr/hr. At the end of surgery the continuous intravenous infusion with lidocaine and magnesium sulfate was stopped while the abdominal wall was closed and 2.5 g of metamizole (novalgetol) was given intravenously. VAS score 2 hours after surgery was 6/10 and 1 gr of paracetamol was given and the patient was transferred to the Department. Over the next 3 days, the patient had a VAS score of 4-6/10 and only received paracetamol 3x1g and novalgetol 3x1 gr daily, every four hours.
The Application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for the Study of the Spanish Tourist Demand
Authors: González González María Jesús , Vallejo-Pascual María-Eva
Published: January 2019

The objective of this study is the characterisation of the Spanish autonomous communities as tourist destinations for Spanish trips, based on the activities carried out, using the principal component method. The Spanish tourist is not only motivated by the sun and beach. This paper aims to clarify how Spanish people consider other tourist destinations. We contrast how frequently other types of tourism are valued when choosing their destination within the Spanish geography. Inland tourism, sports tourism, entertainment as well as gastronomy are becoming increasingly important.
Reflections on the Reurbanism Paradigm: Re-Weaving the Urban Fabric for Urban Regeneration and Renewal
Authors: Haas Tigran , Locke Ryan
Published: January 2019

Within the realm of contemporary urban design theory and practice, a number of authors have conceptualised the trends and processes of city development and planning into a series of urbanisms. This discussion essay examines the overall tenets of the ‘ReUrbanism paradigm’, a paradigm that has long been present in city planning and development but has received limited analysis and criticism and has not gained a more integrated position within the professional and academic worlds. This paper continues a paradigm development outline, leaning on the characteristics of other urbanisms in order to develop and provide a frame of reference and to contribute to the ongoing build-up of taxonomies about the trajectory of contemporary urban design thought. Focusing on the American representative case of Detroit, the authors of this paper argue for a better understanding of this urban regeneration paradigm, which they characterise as a rational urban planning & design approach in the contemporary age of inner city renewal.
Reflections on the n +k dragon kings problem
Authors: Chatham Doug
Published: January 2019

A dragon king is a shogi piece that moves any number of squares vertically or horizontally or one square diagonally but does not move through or jump over other pieces. We construct infinite families of solutions to the n + k dragon kings problem of placing k pawns and n + k mutually nonattacking dragon kings on an n×n board, including solutions symmetric with respect to quarter-turn or half-turn rotations, solutions symmetric with respect to one or two diagonal reections, and solutions not symmetric with respect to any nontrivial rotation or reection. We show that an n + k dragon kings solution exists whenever n > k + 5 and that, given some extra conditions, symmetric solutions exist for n > 2k + 5.
Effectiveness of reinforcing an earth structure with a system of counterfort drains over a long-term use
Authors: Olesiak Sebastian , Hydzik-Wiśniewska Joanna
Published: January 2019

The paper evaluates the effectiveness of reinforcing a damaged earth structure with making counterfort drains in its slope. The system of counterfort drains changed the soil properties significantly over a long-term use. The evaluation was based on many years of field and laboratory tests and stability analysis. The field tests concerned the observation of N WST
probing resistance change, and the laboratory tests concerned the change in soil consistency and water content. The paper presents the results of tests that were conducted over 13 years.
Origins and Developments of Translation Theory in Lithuania from 1918 to 1990
Authors: Leonavičienė Aurelija
Published: January 2019

This article presents an analysis of the reasons and the specificities of the development of translation theory in one of the three post-Soviet Baltic countries, Lithuania, since the first half of the 20th century until 1990. The analysis considers the historical and political circumstances characterising the period of Lithuania’s Independence (1918-1940) as well as the Soviet period (1940-1941 and 1944-1990). The discussion of the development of translation theory in Lithuania helps to reveal general features relevant to the context of translation studies in Latvia and Estonia as well, because the historical and political experiences of these Baltic countries have been similar to those of Lithuania.
Vieillissement et oubli : contretemps de la (bonne) traduction (avec Walter Benjamin e Marcel Proust)
Authors: Jacques de Moraes Marcelo
Published: January 2019

Starting from Walter Benjamin’s reflections on the work of Marcel Proust, we intend to go back to the way they allow us to think the relations between literature and translation, the “life connections” between them. We aim to speculate more specifically on the productive dimension of aging and oblivion taken as critical setbacks, that are natural to every work - original or translation-, and that predestine, necessarily and inexorably, within the “internal forest” of each of the languages involved and the border between them, to incompleteness and “continued life”.
Questions de création poétique dans la traduction des haïkus
Authors: Yokota Yuya
Published: January 2019

Translating haiku requires some sense of context. This article examines three elements of that context: seasonal words, the society in which haiku are produced, and prose (such as journal or short story). Behind the haiku there is a particular community in which poet and reader are close to each other, allowing the haiku to communicate more than their literal meaning. Taking this into consideration facilitates their translation.
Analysis of Energy Consumption of the Visegrad Countries
Authors: Bozsik Norbert , Magda Robert
Published: January 2019

The utilization of renewable energy sources has an increasing role in the EU’s climate and energy policy. There are several reasons for increasing the use of renewable energy. The motives are the reduction of imported dependence on fossil fuels, mitigation of the adverse environmental impact of the energy sector and boosting of industrial development. The study provides a comprehensive overview on the structure and utilization of energy production of the Visegrad countries, focusing on the dependence on energy imports. The purpose of the article is to analyze the gross inland energy consumption of the Visegrad countries and to examine the relationship between renewables and non-renewable energy sources. In the course of the analysis, we tried to find out which non-renewable energy carrier is replaced by the renewables.
Measuring the Size of the Dutch Bio-Economy
Authors: Heijman Wim , Schepman Thijs
Published: January 2019

This paper estimates the size of the Dutch Bio-Economy, based on its value added. Using consolidated input-output tables, the size of the Dutch Bio-Economy is estimated for the period 2008–2015 and future predictions are made for the period 2016–2020. During the period 2008–2015, the Dutch Bio-Economy has grown from 5.5% of the total Dutch value added in 2008 up to 6.6% in 2015. For future prediction, five scenarios are analysed, with projected growth of the Bio-Economy ranging from 6.87% of total value added on the low end to 8.48% on the high end in 2020.
The Meaning and Functions of the Concept of Yuanfen 缘分 in Contemporary China: A Qualitative Study with Students from East China Normal University
Authors: Heger Isabel
Published: January 2019

Yuánfèn can best be defined as a kind of subjectively perceived chance that brings people or people and events together. Being able to provide explanations in a positive way, Yuanfen has always functioned as an attribution, the psychological process of seeking reasons for particular events. The aim of this study was to investigate the meaning and functions of Yuanfen for university students in the PRC, which should give an insight into the meaning of the concept in a specific social context within contemporary China. The results were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 19 students from East China Normal University in Shanghai that were conducted in 2012. The data was analysed through qualitative content analysis. The findings show that if Yuanfen has individual meaning for Chinese students, attributing life events to the concept has very positive functions, leading to a positive perception of and a positive attitude towards different relationships, events, and situations. Yuanfen can therefore play a very positive role in Chinese student life, not only for the individual, but also for the social environment of university education in which the students are confronted with a range of structural and interpersonal challenges.
Oral Corrective Feedback: Examining Teacher- Initiated Correction of CFL (Chinese as a Foreign Language) Learners’ Pronunciation Errors
Authors: Renner Julia
Published: January 2019

This paper examines oral corrective feedback strategies in regard to pronunciation errors in a Chinese foreign language classroom. Traditional oral corrective feedback typologies (Lyster and Ranta 1997; Ellis and Sheen 2006; Sheen 2011) have been combined with Chinese pronunciation teaching methods and investigated in a case study conducted at the Department of East Asian Studies, University of Vienna. Two sessions of first year Chinese language laboratory classes were observed and recorded. The qualitative data analysis was carried out in two stages. First, traditional oral corrective feedback typologies were applied to the collected material in order to find out which types of corrective feedback were used (deductive analysis). The results revealed that corrective feedback on pronunciation errors are mostly given in an explicit manner. Therefore, as a second step, a differentiated typology of explicit correction was developed (inductive analysis). The main findings of this study are that pronunciation errors in a Chinese foreign language classroom are corrected explicitly and treated with methods of 1) explication, 2) comparison, and 3) reduction. The explicitness of these methods is further enhanced by 1) paralinguistic cues (stress, speech rate modification), 2) visualisations (gestures) and 3) additional verbalisation.
TRA 2 Bölgesi Akademisyenlerinin Bakış Açısıyla Adli Muhasebe Eğitimi
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Seyhan , TOPAL Ayhan , KAYA Yunus
Published: January 2019

Küreselleşme, teknolojik gelişmeler, iş dünyasının artan ihtiyaçları gibi çeşitli sebeplerle; gün geçtikçe artan önemi ve ihtiyaç duyan kesimin her geçen gün genişlemesi ülkemizde adli muhasebe eğitimine; diğer gelişmiş ülkelere kıyasla daha fazla önem verilmesi gerektiğini açıkça ortaya koymuştur. Bu bağlamda yapılan çalışmanın temel amacı;  lisans ve önlisans düzeyinde farklı üniversitelerde muhasebe dersleri veren akademisyenlerin konuya bakış açılarını tespit etmektir. TRA 2 bölgesi olarak da addedilen bölgede bulunan; Ardahan, Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen, Iğdır ve Kafkas Üniversiteleri muhasebe ve finansman akademisyenlerinin hedef kitle olarak belirlendiği anket çalışmasında bu temel amacın yanında; söz konusu akademisyenlerin adli muhasebe konusundaki farkındalıkları, adli muhasebe eğitiminin yeterliliği, ilgili derslere ihtiyaç duymaları, mevcut müfredata bu derslerin entegre edilmesi gibi konulardaki görüş ve düşüncelerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Benzer çalışmalar Türkiye’nin farklı üniversitelerinde yapılmakla birlikte söz konusu bölgeyi ve hedef kitleyi kapsayan ilk çalışma olması dolayısıyla özgün olmaktadır.
The Air-Water Interface Stabilises Alpha-Helical Conformations of the Insulin B-Chain
Authors: Cheung David
Published: January 2019

Using enhanced molecular dynamics simulations the structure of the insulin B-chain was investigated at the air-water interface and in bulk solution. Significant differences in the conformational behaviour between these environments were found, with the air-water interface stabilising the formation of alpha-helical structures.
Kemampuan Pecinta Trail Adventure sebagai Medical First Responder pada Korban Kecelakaan
Authors: Wulandari Ning Arti , Setiyorini Erni
Published: January 2019

Kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan masalah yang besar namun belum mendapatkan fokus perhatian tatanan kesehatan. Diperkirakan 1,2 juta orang di duniaÂ  terbunuh dan 50 juta orang luka-luka setiap tahunnya akibat kecelakaan. Ternyata bukan hanya berkendara di jalan raya saja, berkendaraan di jalur ekstrim seperti yang dilakukan oleh para pecinta trail adventureÂ  juga beresiko mengalami kecelakaan. Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi kemampuan pecinta adventure sebagai medical first responder pada korban kecelakaan. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif eksploratif, dengan jumlah sampel 57 orang anggota CROSSTRABS Komunitas Trail Adventure Blitar Selatan yang diambil dari seluruh populasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di tanggal 25 November 2018 di Tulungagung dalam acara HOT Enduro 2018, pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 81% dari 57 responden memiliki kemampuan kurang, 18% mempunyai kemampuan cukup dan 1% mempunyai kemampuan baik dalam berperan sebagaiÂ  medical first responder pada korban kecelakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan pecinta trail adventure sebagai medical first responder terbanyak adalah dalam kategori kurang. Oleh sebab itu sangat di perlukan pelatihan tentang medical first respons pada pecinta trail adventure, sehingga kemampuan sebagai medical first responder meningkat.
Portrait of Absence
Authors: Jirsa Tomás
Published: January 2019

"This article deals with the mediality of empty chairs in the works by Vincent van Gogh, Richard Weiner, Egon Schiele, Joseph Kosuth and Eugène Ionesco. These empty chairs are explored as aisthetic-affective figures pervading historical periods and cultural boundaries that offer a specific portrait of absence, which is able to intensify the subject despite its physical non-presence. The argument is based on the dialectic process of dis/appearing, posthermeneutics and the theory of the supplement.
Der Beitrag behandelt die Medialität leerer Stühle in den Werken von Vincent van Gogh, Richard Weiner, Egon Schiele, Joseph Kosuth und Eugène Ionesco. Leere Stühle werden als ästhetisch-affektive Figuren untersucht, die historische Perioden und kulturelle Grenzen durch- und überschreiten; dabei präsentieren sie ein spezifisches Porträt von Abwesenheit, das das Subjet trotz seiner physischen Nicht- Gegenwart intensiviert. Die Argumentation gründet in dem dialektischen Prozess von Er- scheinen und Verschwinden, Posthermeneutik und der Theorie des Supplements.
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Der unsichtbare Faden.
Authors: Rickli Hannes
Published: January 2019

"Tierbeobachtung in den Lebenswissenschaften ist medienbasiert und agiert in Abhängigkeit von Infrastrukturen, die normalerweise nicht sichtbar sind oder nicht beachtet wer- den. Anhand von Laborbeispielen in Zürich, Austin/Texas und auf Helgoland werden Konfigurationsverhältnisse menschlicher und nicht-menschlicher Akteure aus ästhetischer Perspektive untersucht. Im Fokus stehen die materiellen Kontexte, in die digitale Datenarbeit verwickelt ist, sowie die Frage, wie diese künstlerisch in einer ›verwissenschaftlichen‹ Gesellschaft erfahrbar gemacht und verhandelt werden können.
Wildlife observation in life sciences is media based and operates in dependence on infrastructures that are normally not visible or not noticed. On the basis of laboratory examples from Zurich, Austin/Texas and Helgoland, configurations of human and non-human actors are studied from an aesthetic perspective. The material contexts, in which work with digital data is involved, are brought into focus as well as the question of how they can be experienced and negotiated artistically in a “scientificized” society.
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Tatsachen statt Fossilien
Authors: Gabriel Markus
Published: January 2019

"Der Spekulative Realismus nimmt seinen Ausgang von einer Kritik des Korrelationismus. Sein theoretischer Vorteil soll darin bestehen, das Anzestrale, also dasjenige, das es gab, ehe es überhaupt als Seiendes konstatiert werden konnte, besser denken zu können. Gegen diesen Ansatz wird zunächst gezeigt, dass er gerade nicht imstande ist, die Existenz von Fossilien als metaphysischen Beleg anzuführen. Anschließend wird eine neo-realistische Tatsachenontologie als überlegene Alter- native eingeführt und auf ihren Naturbegriff hin befragt.
Speculative Realism starts out from a critique of Correlationism. Its theoretical advantage supposedly is its ability to rethink the ancestral, i.e. that which was before it could be stated as Being. This paper argues against this approach by showing that Speculative Realism is precisely not able to employ the existence of fossils as a metaphysical proof. Subsequently, a neorealist ontology of facts is introduced as a superior alternative and questioned in view of its concept of nature.
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Karl August Möbius und die Politik der Lebensgemeinschaft
Authors: Scholz Leander
Published: January 2019

"Der Aufsatz rekonstruiert die historische Genese der politischen Ökologie im 19. Jahrhundert am Beispiel des Zoologen Karl August Möbius. Als entscheidendes Paradigma der Vorgeschichte wird die Bevölkerungsdebatte um 1800 herausgearbeitet. Vor diesem Hintergrund entsteht die politisch-ökologische Perspektive durch die Übertragung klassischer Prinzipien der Ökonomie auf Tiergemeinschaften und von dort wieder zurück auf eine zoologisch verstandene Menschenwelt.
The paper reconstructs the historical genesis of political ecology in the 19th century by the example of the zoologist Karl Möbius. The population debate around 1800 is elaborated as a decisive paradigm of its emergence. Against this background, the political-ecological perspective arises through the transfer of classical economic principles on animal com- munities and their retransfer back to a human world that is now understood in zoological terms.

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CALCULATION OF A THREE-LAYER CYLINDRICAL SHELL TAKING THE CREEP INTO ACCOUNT
Authors: Чепурненко Антон , Chepurnenko Anton , Языев Батыр , Yazyev Batyr , Лапина Анастасия , Lapina Anastasia
Published: January 2019

The article presents the derivation of the resolving equations for the calculation of three-layer cylindrical shells under axisymmetric loading, taking into account creep. The problem is reduced to a system of two ordinary differential equations. The solution is performed numerically using the finite difference method in combination with the Euler method.
A bayesian approach for behavioral public administration: Citizen assessments of local government sustainability performance
Authors: Deslatte Aaron
Published: January 2019

Citizens are increasingly critical information-processors, and government performance information has become ubiquitous to the tenants of democratic anchorage and support for public programs. Yet human perceptions of governmental policies and outcomes are increasingly partisan and resistant to updating. Partisan motivated reasoning can lead to inaccurate or biased assessments of both the merit of specific policies and governmental performance. This article presents a case for the use of Bayesian inference for experimental work on information-processing. Combining previous findings with a new experimental design, this study examines whether provision of performance information on local government implementation of federally initiated sustainability efforts ameliorates the partisan motivated reasoning of citizens. Contrary to expectations, the study finds evidence of attitude-strengthening in the face of disconfirming performance as well as suggesting partisan cues may help citizens calibrate their evaluations.
EVALUASI MANAJEMEN PASAR TRADISIONAL BERDASARKAN ASPEK PELAYANAN PRIMA (STUDI KASUS PASAR TRADISIONAL PETERONGAN SEMARANG)
Authors: Adeliana Vinda , Ridlo Mohammad Agung , Rochani Agus
Published: January 2019

Efforts to control the management of traditional markets in terms of service excellence is expected to be carried out in synergy and more directed to the traders, buyers and market manager Peterongan. In His understanding of management's evaluation of traditional markets in terms of excellent service performed quantitative descriptive approach (quantitative approach) with a rationalistic approach. Through this approach, the researchers were able to find common ground as well as perceptions of a diverse range of different data. As a measure of evaluation used 6 main parameters, which include a) the effectiveness, b) efficiency, c) adequacy, d) equity, e) responsiveness, f) accuracy.      From the analysis conducted by researchers concluded that management is not optimal Peterongan market so that the evaluation results in terms of excellent service said to be "unfit". Especially in performing maintenance and care market, difficulties including costs and building maintenance program budget limited market and the lack of control of the market manager. On the other hand, the macro policy of the government is quite conducive to efforts to create traditional markets orderly, organized, safe, clean and healthy. Relating to matters that needed a more traditional markets to thrive and have a good competitiveness. In this case the performance of the government to manage Peterongan market should be improved to provide excellent service to traders and buyers.Keywords: Evaluation, Excellent Service, Traditional Market
Intervención y prevención de la violencia de género: un acercamiento desde el trabajo social
Authors: Piedra-Cristobal Julio , Rosa-Martín Juan José , Muñoz-Domínguez María Concepción
Published: January 2019

Las especiales características que envuelven el complicado proceso de la violencia de género exigen abordar esta lacra social desde una dimensión integral, entendiendo las peculiares condiciones psicológicas, físicas, económicas, y emocionales en las que queda presa la mujer víctima de violencia y su descendencia. Se trata de un grave problema con una importante dimensión social que no debe ser desatendida. Este artículo pretende abordar las claves de la prevención e intervención ante la violencia de género desde el punto de vista del Trabajo Social. Aspectos como el diseño de campañas en conexión con los principales agentes socializadores (familia, escuela, medios de comunicación de masas), así como la formación específica de los profesionales y las claves para un correcto abordaje social ante un caso de violencia ya consumado, son el núcleo de esta propuesta. Intervenir correcta y eficazmente, tanto antes como después, son premisas importantísimas del Trabajo Social ante casos de violencia de género. El apoyo que brinde el área de trabajo social puede contribuir a una más eficaz toma de decisiones y forma parte de un proceso que permitirá a las víctimas sentirse apoyadas.
Variabilitas Genetik dan Heritabilitas Pertumbuhan dan Hasil 26 Genotipe Tomat
Authors: Nilawati Nilawati , Ganefianti Dwi Wahyuni , Suryati D.
Published: January 2019

Genetic variability is a measure of the variation in plant performance caused by genetic factors. if the variability of plant character is attributable to genetic roles then the variability will be inherited in the next generation. Heritability is a genetic parameter used to measure the ability of a genotype in plant population to transmit its character. Heritability in a broad sense is defined as the ratio between genotype variance and phenotype variance. This study aimed to estimate the values of genetic variability and heritability of growth and yield of 26 plant genotypes tomato. The experiment was conducted from August to December 2016 in Wirehouse, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu. The design used in this study was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with one factor which were 26 tomato genotypes and were repeated three times. Each plant was observed according to the variability and heritability guidelines for the observation variables. The results showed that the growth component of tomato plants that have wide genetic variability and high heritability of the broad sense was found in the characters of plant height, whereas the yield component were found on fruit diameter , crack fruit, and nonmarketable fruit. Selection of tomato plants should be directed to the characters of plant height, fruit diameter, the number of crack fruit, and non-marketable fruit. Akta
Kırsal Mirasın Sürekliliği Üzerine Bir İnceleme: Göynük Hisarözü Köyü Örneği
Authors: Gümüş Derya , Kishalı Emre
Published: January 2019

Kırsal mirasın
sürdürülebilirliği açısından araştırma alanı olarak Bolu İli, Göynük İlçesi’ne
bağlı Hisarözü Köyü seçilmiştir. Köy ile ilgili literatür taraması yapılmış
ancak yeterli veri bulunamamıştır. Bu kapsamda, mevcut dokuda yer alan yapılar
üzerinde gözlem ve fotoğraflama çalışmaları, köyde yaşayan kişilerle sözlü
görüşmeler, alana ait analiz çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Hisarözü Köyü, kırsal
özelliklerini hiç yitirmemiş ve mimari miras özgün karakterini büyük oranda
korumuştur. Alan incelemesi yapıldığında yerleşik nüfusun çok az sayıda olduğu,
konut yapılarının strüktürel bağlamda sağlamlığını koruduğu fakat
sosyo-ekonomik etkenlerden dolayı başka yere göç, hissedarlık durumları,
yakıttan tasarruf etme amacı gibi nedenlerle çoğunun kullanılmadığı gözlenmiştir.
Ambar yapılarının tamamen kullanım dışı kaldığı, samanlık yapılarının
bazılarının ise hayvancılıkla uğraşan köy halkının kullanmaya devam ettikleri
görülmektedir. Çalışma 4 aşamadan oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde kırsal
mimarlık, miras ve korumadan bahsedilmiştir. İkinci bölümde kent-kır kavramı
arasında kalan Göynük İlçesi’nin ve bu ilçeye bağlı olan Hisarözü Köyü’nün tarihsel
gelişimi, fiziksel, sosyal, ekonomik özellikleri ve kırsal mimarisi
açıklanmaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde kırsal miras olarak belgelendirebileceğimiz
Hisarözü Köyü’nün koruma ve sürdürülebilirlik sorunlarına değinilmiştir. Son
bölümde ise kırsal mirasın korunması ve sürdürülebilirliği üzerine önerilerde
bulunulmuştur.
IMPLEMENTASI HUKUM DALAM PERSFEKTIF PERILAKU MASYARAKAT
Authors: Sirajuddin Azmi
Published: January 2019

Abstract
 
            Implementation of law is the most useful for a nation and a state in a country thas has powerfull of protecting its people to do better and the best in their attitudes and behaviors when they live and do everything in order to have good connection among society in the social climate. Having understood in law is one thing to do every action based on the law either God’s law or state’s law. The functions of law are to control the human’action, to change the situation to better situation and to give justice and prosperious for people in a country. No one to disturb and make noisy till one has good condition by obeying law that is created by God and Human (Indonesian Legislative Assembly in Indonesian Contects).
            By knowing and obeying law, person will get safety when they go and live. Law means regulations that manage human to surrender to that law that is created by God and Human (state). In Islamic law, law is consist of five principles, wajib (compulsory), not allowed (haram), allowed (sunnah), hate (makruh), and mubah. All those fungtions of the law always protect us/human from demage, poverty, and crime. Law is as a soul for every human and too law is as a foundation for a country to protect its people from demage, povery, and crime. Law gives freedom to do by the condition obey to the law. Who breaks the law must be funished either by low funishment or hard funishment till go to a jail to be responsible what they have done.   
 
Key word: Implementation, law, persfektive, human’s behaviors in society
Escaping the “virtual
promenade” – new trends in use of social networks by members of generation “z"
Authors: Levak Tomislav , Barić Šelmić Snježana
Published: January 2019

The aim of this paper is to determine whether the younger population in Croatia is following the dominant world trends in the use of social networks as extremely widespread communication platforms. Namely, although the Facebook community currently consists of as many as two billion users and is still convincingly the most popular social network in the world, it has already been noted that members of the so-called generation Z (people born after 1995) across the world are increasingly abandoning or minorizing Facebook and turning to other social networks. To this end, the authors used the comparative method to investigate the use of several contemporary social networks and current trends in the world and Croatia, using the necessary theoretical framework. Also, during May of 2017, the authors conducted a research into online habits and attitudes on social networks – which has not yet been done in Croatia, in the authors' knowledge – by means of an online survey among secondary school students, members of generation Z, in several major and smaller Croatian cities: Zagreb, Osijek, Krk and Korčula. The results of the research confirmed the initial hypotheses of the authors: young people are increasingly leaving Facebook as a “virtual promenade”, largely because older generations began using it, including their parents; they are mostly turning to social networks that offer a prevalence of photographs over text, primarily Instagram and Snapchat. In addition, no significant differences were found between members of generation Z in larger urban areas on the continent and smaller urban areas on the Adriatic islands, when it comes to their preferences.
Mass media management
Authors: Gazenko Roman
Published: January 2019

The paper provides a professional overview of the development of media technology, as well as the influence of technology on media content and its interpretation. The aim of communication is definitively to connect the source with the receiver. It means to solve the main problem – to overwhelm the obstacle of space and time. Technological goals since the dark ages were aimed at increasing the physical features of man as direct carrier or to replace him by a more efficient one.
Riesgo de Sodicidad en los Suelos de Cantón Milagro, Guayas-Ecuador en Época de Estiaje
Authors: Pérez Molina Alexandra
Published: January 2019

Dada la importancia de la producción agrícola del suelo del cantón Milagro, en este artículo se plantea como objetivo estudiar el efecto de las bajas precipitaciones y el uso de riego complementario, en la concentración de sales en los suelos del cantón. El problema de las inundaciones y la sequía ponen en riesgo las actividades agrícolas de la zona que ocupan un 95,5% del suelo del cantón, ya que pueden provocar la pérdida de suelos fértiles . La determinación del RAS relación de adsorción de sodio en todas sus modificaciones, y el Índice de Saturación en los suelos, calculados a partir de las mediciones de la concentración de cationes, aniones, conductividad eléctrica (CE) y pH en muestras de aguas tomadas en 32 estaciones a lo largo de la microcuenca del río Milagro a juicio del experto y para los fines específicos de la investigación, en junio de 2013 con un promedio de precipitaciones de 74,5 mm, permitirá proponer alternativas para evitar la sodicidad de los suelos del cantón. En estudios realizados sobre la relación agua-suelo se ha demostrado que es posible predecir el riesgo de sodicidad de los suelos por el uso de aguas de alta salinidad, como es el caso de algunas muestras de aguas en el cantón Milagro. Los valores más críticos se obtuvieron con el RASaj, el río Belin tiene una clasificación S2 según Richard et. al. (1959), aguas provenientes de bananeras, lo que significa que la precipitación de la calcita es un factor influyente, son zonas de conos de esparcimiento. Existen zonas clasificadas como S3 y S4 en la zona de Banco de Arena, situación que indica una elevada cantidad de sodio en el agua de riego lo que puede causar que los suelos alcancen un nivel peligroso de sodio y para una agricultura sostenible se requiere de lavados y un muy buen drenaje.
Análisis Estadístico Matemático del Comportamiento de Las Condiciones Eléctricas Establecidas en los Ensayos de la Norma ISO 16750-2 en Dos Módulos de Alarma Automotriz en el Ecuador
Authors: Pancha Johnny , Rojas Vicente , Lema Jorge , Arteaga Gerardo
Published: January 2019

Los dispositivos electrónicos que han sido diseñados para ser instalados en el vehículo pueden ser sometidos a pruebas necesarias para obtener una certificación o aprobación mínima requerida para ser instalada en el sistema eléctrico del automóvil. Con el uso de un equipo normado el cual permite generar condiciones eléctricas a un dispositivo electrónico, se han obtenido diferentes resultados ante el comportamiento eléctrico que se puede encontrar especialmente en el vehículo; condiciones tales como: caídas momentáneas de tensión, sobretensiones e inversiones de tensión de voltaje, considerando incluso someter los dispositivos a las fuertes condiciones eléctricas del sistema automotriz cuando se produce el arranque del motor. Con este análisis se obtiene resultados del comportamiento entre dos dispositivos electrónicos y de tal manera determinar mediante la validación de cada uno, si las características del diseño o aspectos de programación pueden influir en el resultado de cada prueba. Esto nos permite considerar varios aspectos ante el diseño del dispositivo y de esta manera lograr conseguir un óptimo funcionamiento; siendo esto reflejado en obtener una certificación.
Risks for Child Cognitive Development in Rural Contexts
Authors: Hermida Maria Julia , Shalom Diego Edgar , Segretin María Soledad , Goldin Andrea Paula , Abril Marcelo Claudio , Lipina Sebastián Javier , Sigman Mariano
Published: January 2019

While poverty all over the world is more typical and extreme in rural contexts, interventions to improve cognition in low socioeconomic status (SES) children are for the most part based on studies conducted in urban populations. This paper investigate how poverty and rural or urban settings affect child cognitive performance. Executive functions and non-verbal intelligence performance, as well as individual and environmental information was obtained from 131 5-year-old children. For the same level of SES, children in rural settings performed consistently worse than children in urban settings. These differences could be accounted mostly by the months of past preschool attendance and the father’s completed level of education. These results should inform policies and programs for children living in rural poverty worldwide, and specially in Latin America.
Genetic Analyses of the Laurel Wilt Pathogen, Raffaelea lauricola, in Asia Provide Clues on the Source of the Clone that is Responsible for the Current USA Epidemic
Authors: Dreaden Tyler J. , Hughes Marc A. , Ploetz Randy C. , Black Adam , Smith Jason A.
Published: January 2019

Laurel wilt is caused by the fungus Raffaelea lauricola T.C. Harr., Fraedrich and Aghayeva, a nutritional symbiont of its vector the redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff. Both are native to Asia but appeared in Georgia in the early 2000s. Laurel wilt has since spread to much of the southeastern United States killing >300 million host trees in the Lauraceae plant family. The aims of this research were to elucidate the genetic structure of populations of R. lauricola, to examine its reproductive strategy, and determine how often the pathogen had been introduced to the USA. A panel of 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers identified 15 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) in a collection of 59 isolates from the USA (34 isolates), Myanmar (18), Taiwan (6) and Japan (1). Limited diversity in the USA isolates and the presence of one MAT idiotype (mating type locus) indicated that R. lauricola was probably introduced into the country a single time. MLG diversity was far greater in Asia than the USA. Only three closely related MLGs were detected in the USA, the most prevalent of which (30 of 34 isolates) was also found in Taiwan. Although more work is needed, the present results suggest that a Taiwanese origin is possible for the population of R. lauricola in the USA. Isolates of R. lauricola from Myanmar were distinct from those from Japan, Taiwan and the USA. Although both MAT idiotypes were present in Myanmar and Taiwan, only the population from Taiwan had the genetic structure of a sexually reproducing population.
Seasonal Divergent Tree Growth Trends and Growth Variability along Drought Gradient over Northeastern China
Authors: Shi Fangzhong , Wu Xiuchen , Li Xiaoyan , Wang Pei , Yang Xiaofan , Li Yuanqiao , Jiang Xiaofei , Pei Tingting , Bai Yan , Hao Bingyan , Zhang Cicheng , Tong Yaqin
Published: January 2019

With the increasing temperature and intensified drought, global climate change has profound impacts on tree growth in temperate regions, which consequently regulates terrestrial-atmosphere biogeochemical processes and biophysical feedbacks. Thus, increasing numbers of studies have addressed the long-term annual trends in tree growth and their response to climate change at diverse spatial scales. However, the potential divergence in tree growth trends and growth variability (represented by coefficient of variance) in different seasons across large-scale climate gradients remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the tree growth trends and growth variability in different seasons across diverse drought conditions in forested regions over northeastern China during the period 1982–2015, using both remote sensing observations and in situ tree-ring measurements. We found clear seasonal divergence in tree growth trends during 1982–2015, and the apparent increase was mainly observed in spring and autumn, attributed mainly to the increase in spring temperature and autumn solar radiation, respectively, but not in summer. The magnitudes of increasing trends in tree growth decrease with the increase of the multi-year average dryness index (MAI) in semi-arid areas (1.5 < MAI < 4.0) in all seasons. We further revealed that the interannual variability in tree growth was much larger in the semi-arid regions than in the humid and semi-humid regions in all seasons, and tree growth variability was significantly and negatively correlated with the variations in temperature and water deficit. Our findings improve our understanding of seasonal divergence in tree growth trends and provide new insights into spatial patterns in forest vulnerability in a warmer and drier climate.
Intelligent Packaging in the Food Sector: A Brief Overview
Authors: Müller Patricia , Schmid Markus
Published: January 2019

The trend towards sustainability, improved product safety, and high-quality standards are important in all areas of life sciences. In order to satisfy these requirements, intelligent packaging is used in the food sector. These systems can monitor permanently the quality status of a product and share the information with the customer. In this way, food waste can be reduced and customer satisfaction can be optimized. Depending on the product, different types of intelligent packaging technologies are used and discussed in this review. The three main groups are: data carriers, indicators, and sensors. At this time, they are not that widespread, but their potential is already known. In which areas intelligent packaging should be implemented, how the systems work, and which values they offer are dealt in this review.
Highly Stretchable and Rapid Self-Recoverable Cryogels Based on Butyl Rubber as Reusable Sorbent
Authors: Muslumova Sevil , Yetiskin Berkant , Okay Oguz
Published: January 2019

Cryogels based on hydrophobic polymers combining good mechanical properties with fast responsivity are attractive materials for many applications, such as oil spill removal from water and passive sampler for organic pollutants. We present, here, cryogels based on butyl rubber (BR) with a high stretchability, rapid self-recoverability, and excellent reusability for organic solvents. BR cryogels were prepared at subzero temperatures in cyclohexane and benzene at various BR concentrations in the presence of sulfur monochloride (S2Cl2) as a crosslinker. Although the properties of BR cryogels are independent of the amount of the crosslinker above a critical value, the type of the solvent, the cryogelation temperature, as well as the rubber content significantly affect their properties. It was found that benzene produces larger pore volumes as compared to cyclohexane due to the phase separation of BR from benzene at low temperatures, producing additional pores. Increasing cryogelation temperature from −18 to −2 °C leads to the formation of more ordered and aligned pores in the cryogels. Increasing BR content decreases the amount of unfrozen microphase of the frozen reaction solution, leading to a decrease in the total porosity of the cryogels and the average diameter of pores. Cryogels formed at −2 °C and at 5% (w/v) BR in cyclohexane sustain up to around 1400% stretch ratios. Cryogels swollen in toluene can completely be squeezed under strain during which toluene is released from their pores, whereas addition of toluene to the squeezed cryogels leads to recovery of their original shapes.