bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Toward Pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine Scaffolds.
Authors: El Kaim Laurent , Grimaud Laurence , Wagschal Simon
Published: November 2010

A new route to highly substituted products is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives with a “Model” Thiirane.
Authors: Klen E. E. , Khaliullin F. A.
Published: November 2010

The regioselectivity of the title reaction is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkyl 5‐Aryl‐7‐methyl‐1,5‐dihydrotetrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrimidine‐6‐carboxylates.
Authors: Gein V. L. , Vladimirov I. N. , Fedorova O. V. , Kurbatova A. A. , Nosova N. V. , Krylova I. V. , Vakhrin M. I.
Published: November 2010

Title compounds (IV) are easily obtained by melting equimolar amounts of the three components.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Evaluation of 3,6‐Di(hetero)aryl Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrazines as Inhibitors of Checkpoint and Other Kinases.
Authors: Matthews Thomas P. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2010

A range of 3,6‐di(hetero)aryl imidazo[1,2‐a]pyrazine ATP‐competitive inhibitors of checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1) are designed by variation of a weakly active screening hit.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Syntheses of 2H‐Benzo[b][1,4]thiazin‐3(4H)‐ones and Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones Through Capturing S and N Atom Respectively from AcSH and TsNH2.
Authors: Chen Dingben , Wang Zhi‐Jing , Bao Weiliang
Published: November 2010

New, efficient, and widely applicable methods are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Two‐Step Syntheses of Fused Quinoxaline‐Benzodiazepines and Bis‐benzodiazepines.
Authors: Xu Zhigang , Dietrich Justin , Shaw Arthur Y. , Hulme Christopher
Published: November 2010

The sequence involves a four‐component Ugi reaction and cyclization of the resulting intermediates.
ChemInform Abstract: Discovery of 3,9‐Diazabicyclo[4.2.1]nonanes as Potent Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists with Sleep‐Promoting Activity in the Rat.
Authors: Coleman Paul J. , et al. et al.
Published: November 2010

The synthesis of novel constrained diazepams, e.g. (VII) (no yields given), having a bicyclic core, is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous‐Flow C—H Borylation of Arene Derivatives.
Authors: Tagata Tsuyoshi , Nishida Mayumi , Nishida Atsushi
Published: November 2010

Borylation of various arenes (I) and (IV) is achieved under continuous flow conditions using an insoluble Ir—bis(pyridinecarboxylate) catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Regioselective Diels—Alder Reactions of Borylbenzynes: Synthesis of Functionalized Arylboronates.
Authors: Ikawa Takashi , Takagi Akira , Kurita Yurio , Saito Kozumo , Azechi Kenji , Egi Masahiro , Kakiguchi Keisuke , Kita Yasuyuki , Akai Shuji
Published: November 2010

In situ generated unsymmetrically substituted borylbenzynes undergo the Diels—Alder reaction with furans or pyrroles to give highly functionalized arylboronic acid adducts with high or exclusive regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrile‐Assisted, Broensted Acid Catalyzed Regio‐ and Stereoselective Diarylphosphonylation of Allyl Silyl Ethers.
Authors: Ho Chun‐Yu , Chan Chun‐Wa , Wo Siu‐Kwan , Zuo Zhong , Chan Lai‐Ying
Published: November 2010

The reaction of allyl silyl ethers with triaryl phosphites affords functionalized trisubstituted olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of Symmetrical Diselenides or Ditellurides from Halides with CuO Nanopowder/Se0 or Te0/Base.
Authors: Singh Devender , Deobald Anna M. , Camargo Leandro R. S. , Tabarelli Greice , Rodrigues Oscar E. D. , Braga Antonio L.
Published: November 2010

A wide scope of target compounds is in a simple procedure under mild conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Total Synthesis and Structural Revision of Biyouyanagin B.
Authors: Nicolaou K. C. , Sanchini Silvano , Wu T. Robert , Sarlah David
Published: November 2010

The originally assigned structure (I) is revised to structure (II).
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthetic Entry into the Taiwaniaquinoids Based on a Biogenetic Hypothesis: Total Synthesis of (‐)‐Taiwaniaquinone H.
Authors: Jana Chandan Kumar , Scopelliti Rosario , Gademann Karl
Published: November 2010

The total synthesis of the title compound (IV) is accomplished in 12 steps from commercially available methyl dehydroabiate.
ChemInform Abstract: Acid‐Catalyzed Synthesis of 10‐Substituted Triazolyl Artemisinins and Their Growth Inhibitory Activity Against Various Cancer Cells.
Authors: Oh Sangtae , Shin Woon‐Seob , Ham Jungyeob , Lee Saokjoon
Published: November 2010

A diastereo‐ and regioisomeric library of triazolyl substituted artemisinin derivatives (I) and (II) is synthesized and evaluated for growth inhibitory activities against various cancer cell lines.
ChemInform Abstract: New Compounds from Euphorbia helioscopia and Absolute Configuration Determination of Computational Methods.
Authors: He Jiangbo , Zhu Hua‐Jie , Luo Gui‐Fen , Liu Guang‐Ming , Chen Hao , Li Yan , Chen Shaopeng , Lu Xin , Zhou Guochun , Cheng Yong‐Xian
Published: November 2010

The new lactam (I) and the three new terpenoids (II)—(IV) are isolated from the whole plant of Euphorbia helioscopia.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnesium(II)—Binaphtholate as a Practical Chiral Catalyst for the Enantioselective Direct Mannich‐Type Reaction with Malonates.
Authors: Hatano Manabu , Horibe Takahiro , Ishihara Kazuaki
Published: November 2010

The method renders possible the synthesis of various β‐aminocarbonyl units as chiral building blocks.
ChemInform Abstract: Characterization and Antiglycation Activity of Phenolic Constituents from Viscum album (European Mistletoe)
Authors: Choudhary M. Iqbal , Maher Saima , Begum Afshan , Abbaskhan Ahmed , Ali Sajjad , Khan Ambreen , Shafique‐ur‐Rehman Shafique‐ur‐Rehman , Atta‐ur‐Rahman Atta‐ur‐Rahman
Published: November 2010

isolation, characterization, antiglycation and antioxidant activity of phenolic constituents from organic extracts of Viscum album including the new flavanone glycoside (I) and phenyl propanoid (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Concise Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Pseudotabersonine via Double Ring‐Closing Metathesis Strategy.
Authors: Cheng Bo , Sunderhaus James D. , Martin Stephen F.
Published: November 2010

The key steps in the synthesis of title compound (VII) are double ring‐closing metathesis of the tetraene (II) and cyclization of the alcohol (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Eudistomidin G, a New β‐Carboline Alkaloid from the Okinawan Marine Tunicate Eudistoma glaucus and Structure Revision of Eudistomidin B.
Authors: Takahashi Yohei , Ishiyama Haruaki , Kubota Takaaki , Kobayashi Jun'ichi
Published: November 2010

Isolation and structure elucidation of eudistomidin G (Ia) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Ceratinadins A—C, New Bromotyrosine Alkaloids from an Okinawan Marine Sponge Pseudoceratina sp.
Authors: Kon Yuji , Kubota Takaaki , Shibazaki Azusa , Gonoi Tohru , Kobayashi Jun'ichi
Published: November 2010

Ceratinadin A (Ia) is the first bromotyrosine alkaloid possessing a 6‐(N‐imidazolyl)‐4‐quinoline moiety.
ChemInform Abstract: Petiolins J‐M, Prenylated Acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum pseudopetiolatum var. kiusianum.
Authors: Tanaka Naonobu , Otani Mio , Kashiwada Yoshiki , Takaishi Yoshihisa , Shibazaki Azusa , Gonoi Tohru , Shiro Motoo , Kobayashi Jun'ichi
Published: November 2010

Petiolins J (I) and K (II) are novel optically inactive prenylated acylphloroglucinols possessing a methyl group on phloroglucinol moiety of chromane and citran skeleton, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Naphthopyrones from Cultured Lichen Mycobionts of Pyrenula sp.
Authors: Takenaka Yukiko , Nagakura Naotaka , Hamada Nobuo , Tanahashi Takao
Published: November 2010

The new naphthopyrone derivative pyrenulin (I) and the known naphtho‐α‐pyrone derivative toralactone are isolated from the cultured mycobionts of the lichen Pyrenula sp.
ChemInform Abstract: The Cobalt Way to Angucyclinones: Asymmetric Total Synthesis of the Antibiotics (+)‐Rubiginone B2, (‐)‐Tetrangomycin and (‐)‐8‐O‐Methyltetrangomycin.
Authors: Kesenheimer Christian , Kalogerakis Aris , Meissner Anja , Groth Ulrich
Published: November 2010

The route to the title antibiotics, rubiginone B2 (III), methyltetrangomycin (VI), and tetrangomycin (VII), involves a completely regioselective [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition reaction of triyne precursors as key step to give tetrahydrobenzo[a]anthracene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Lucknolides A and B, Tricyclic Ketal‐Lactone Metabolites from a Terrestrial Streptomyces sp.
Authors: Yadav Prem P. , Nair Vimal , Dittrich Birger , Schueffler Anja , Laatsch Hartmut
Published: November 2010

Neither antibacterial nor antifungal activity is observed for the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Flavonoids from Cleistocalyx operculatus Buds and Their Cytotoxic Activity.
Authors: Min Byung Sun , Cuong To Dao , Lee Joo‐Sang , Woo Mi Hee , Hung Tran Manh
Published: November 2010

Compound (I) is isolated from the water‐soluble fraction of the buds of the title medicinal plant together with 6 known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Kojyl Thioether Derivatives as Tyrosinase Inhibitors.
Authors: Rho Ho Sik , Baek Heung Soo , Ahn Soo Mi , Kim Myung Kyoo , Ghimeray Amal Kumar , Cho Dong‐Ha , Hwang Jae Sung
Published: November 2010

Ten title compounds of type (I) are prepared and tested as tyrosinase inhibitors.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Synthesis of 4‐[3,5‐Dioxo‐11‐oxa‐4,9‐diazatricyclo [5.3.1.02,6]undec‐4‐yl]‐2‐trifluoromethyl‐benzonitriles as Androgen Receptor Antagonists.
Authors: Xiao Hai‐Yun , et al. et al.
Published: November 2010

Based on the common structure of androgen receptor (AR) antagonists, a series of novel diazatricyclic compounds is designed.
ChemInform Abstract: 155Gd Moessbauer Spectroscopy on Intermetallics — An Overview
Authors: Poettgen Rainer , Latka Kazimierz
Published: November 2010

Review: 91 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bifunctional Nanocomposites with Magnetic and Luminescence Properties
Authors: Vollath Dieter
Published: November 2010

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Quantum Kagome Antiferromagnet ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2
Authors: Mendels Philippe , Bert Fabrice
Published: November 2010

Review: 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Reaction of Organolanthanides Containing the N—H Bonds with Unsaturated Organic Small Molecules
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhou Xigeng
Published: November 2010

Review: 76 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Discrete Allyl Complexes of Group 3 Metals and Lanthanides
Authors: Carpentier Jean‐Francois , Guillaume Sophie M. , Kirillov Evgueni , Sarazin Yann
Published: November 2010

Review: 61 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Ultrafast Excited‐State Processes in Re(I) Carbonyl—Diimine Complexes: From Excitation to Photochemistry
Authors: Vlcek, Antonin Jr.
Published: November 2010

Review: 165 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tuning the Oxidation Level, the Spin State, and the Degree of Electron Delocalization in Homo‐ and Heteroleptic Bis(α‐diimine)iron Complexes
Authors: Chaudhuri Phalguni
Published: November 2010

Review: 25 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Triptycene Derivatives: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Zhao Liwei , Li Zhong , Wirth Thomas
Published: November 2010

Review: 121 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: “Carbon Dichloride”: Dihalocarbenes Sixty Years After Hine
Authors: Moss Robert A.
Published: November 2010

Review: 95 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hybrid Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications.
Authors: Taylor‐Pashow Kathryn M. L. , Della Rocca Joseph , Huxford Rachel C. , Lin Wenbin
Published: November 2010

Review: 126 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Redox‐Reconfigurable Tripodal Coordination Complexes: Stereodynamic Molecular Switches
Authors: Canary James W. , Mortezaei Shahab , Liang Jian
Published: November 2010

Review: 71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Accounting for Clean, Fast and High Yielding Reactions under Microwave Conditions
Authors: Strauss Christopher Roy , Rooney David W.
Published: November 2010

Review: 89 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Design and Creativity in Synthesis of Multivalent Neoglycoconjugates
Authors: Chabre Yoann M. , Roy Rene
Published: November 2010

Review: 440 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Tools in Oligosaccharide Synthesis: Current Research and Application
Authors: Seibel Juergen , Buchholz Klaus
Published: November 2010

Review: 146 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Zeolites and Other Silicon‐Based Promoters in Carbohydrate Chemistry
Authors: Rauter Amelia P. , Xavier Nuno M. , Lucas Susana D. , Santos Miguel
Published: November 2010

Review: 220 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkyl‐ and Cycloalkylamines by Addition of Carbanions to Azomethines
Authors: Friestad G. K.
Published: November 2010

Review: 211 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Construction of Indole‐ and Isoquinoline‐Fused Nitrogen‐Containing Heterocycles Through Copper‐Catalyzed Multi‐Component Reaction
Authors: Ohta Yusuke
Published: November 2010

Review: 63 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Piperazine Scaffolds via Isocyanide‐Based Multicomponent Reactions
Authors: Doemling Alexander , Huang Yijun
Published: November 2010

Review: ca. 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Valent Iron‐Catalyzed C—C Bond Formation—Addition, Substitution, and C—H Bond Activation.
Authors: Nakamura Eiichi , Yoshikai Naohiko
Published: November 2010

Review: about 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Zeolite Catalysis for Sustainable Chemistry
Authors: Reschetilowski W.
Published: November 2010

Review: 27 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Effects of Self‐Assembled Aggregation on Excited States
Authors: Polivka Tomas
Published: November 2010

Review: 59 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bridgehead Opening of Oxa‐ and Azanorbornenes
Authors: Basso Andrea
Published: November 2010

Review: 29 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Complexity via Gold‐Catalyzed Molecular Gymnastics
Authors: Echavarren Antonio M. , Jimenez‐Nunez Eloisa
Published: November 2010

Review: 97 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordination Polymers Based on Flexible Ditopic Carboxylate or Nitrogen Donor Ligands
Authors: Liu Tian‐Fu , Lu Jian , Cao Rong
Published: November 2010

Review: 85 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Neoglycopeptides via Click Chemistry
Authors: Miller Nicole , Williams Geoffrey M. , Brimble Margaret A.
Published: November 2010

Review: 54 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New One‐Pot Methodologies for the Modification or Synthesis of Alkaloid Scaffolds
Authors: Wahba Amir E. , Hamann Mark T.
Published: November 2010

Review: 38 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Developments in the Synthesis of Organometallic Amino Acids and Analogues
Authors: Jana Poulami , Maity Sibaprasad , Haldar Debasish
Published: November 2010

Review: 51 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Elementary Reactions of Boron Atoms with Hydrocarbons: Toward the Formation of Organo—Boron Compounds
Authors: Balucani Nadia , Zhang Fangtong , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: November 2010

Review: 231 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Properties of Poly(pyrazolyl)borate and Related Boron‐Centered Scorpionate Ligands. Part A: Pyrazole‐Based Systems
Authors: Santini Carlo , Pellei Maura , Lobbia Giancarlo Gioia , Papini Grazia
Published: November 2010

Review: 304 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bifunctional Transition Metal Based Molecular Catalysts for Asymmetric C—C and C—N Bond Formation
Authors: Ikariya Takao , Gridnev Ilya D.
Published: November 2010

Review: 35 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Fundamentals, Kinetics and Endothermicity of the Biomass Pyrolysis Reaction
Authors: Van de Velden Manon , Baeyens Jan , Brems Anke , Janssens Bart , Dewil Raf
Published: November 2010

Review: 52 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Azole‐Based Cyclic Peptides from the Sea Squirt Lissoclinum patella: Old Scaffolds, New Avenues
Authors: Houssen Wael E. , Jaspars Marcel
Published: November 2010

Review: 114 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Neurobiology, Pharmacology, and Medicinal Chemistry of Neuropeptide S and Its Receptor
Authors: Guerrini Remo , Salvadori Severo , Rizzi Anna , Regoli Domenico , Calo Girolamo
Published: November 2010

Review: 71 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Curcumin and Its Analogues. Potential Anticancer Agents
Authors: Agrawal Dinesh Kumar , Mishra Pushpesh Kumar
Published: November 2010

Review: 92 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical and Biological Aspects of Marine Sponges of the Genus Xestospongia
Authors: Zhou Xuefeng , Xu Tunhai , Yang Xian‐Wen , Huang Riming , Yang Bin , Tang Lan , Liu Yonghong
Published: November 2010

Review: 97 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Nanosheets as Highly Active Solid Acid Catalysts for Green Chemical Syntheses
Authors: Takagaki Atsushi , Tagusagawa Caio , Hayashi Shigenobu , Hara Michikazu , Domen Kazunari
Published: November 2010

Review: 163 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Transfer Functions for Solid—Solution Partitioning of Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, Lead and Zinc in Soils: Derivation of Relationships for Free Metal Ion Activities and Validation with Independent Data
Authors: Groenenberg J. E. , Roemkens P. F. A. M. , Comans R. N. J. , Luster J. , Pampura T. , Shotbolt L. , Tipping E. , De Vries W.
Published: November 2010

Review: 70 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Biorenewable Feedstocks: New Challenges in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Shanks Brent H.
Published: November 2010

Review: 42 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Rotational Isomerism Involving Acetylene Carbon
Authors: Toyota Shinji
Published: November 2010

Review: 277 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Atoms‐in‐molecules Dual Functional Analysis of Weak to Strong Interactions
Authors: Nakanishi Waro , Hayashi Satoko
Published: November 2010

Review: 112 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Sustainability in Catalysis — Concept or Contradiction?
Authors: Plietker Bernd
Published: November 2010

Review: about 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Relevance of Weak Hydrogen Bonds in the Conformation of Organic Compounds and Bioconjugates: Evidence from Recent Experimental Data and High‐Level ab initio MO Calculations
Authors: Takahashi Osamu , Kohno Yuji , Nishio Motohiro
Published: November 2010

Review: 481 refs.
Preimplant Left Ventricular End‐Diastolic Dimension and Body Weight Independently Associate With Paced QRS Duration in Patients Receiving Right Ventricular Apical Pacing for Complete Atrioventricular Block
Authors: Qiao Qing , Hua Wei , Zhang Shu
Published: November 2010

Background:

Paced QRS duration, a good marker of ventricular asynchrony while pacing, has been accepted as a valuable predictor of new‐onset heart failure in patients receiving right ventricular apical pacing. But nowadays we have little evidence for predicting paced QRS duration before the implantation.

Hypothesis:

There might be relationships between paced QRS duration and demographic characteristics, clinical features such as comorbidities, native QRS duration, or preimplant cardiac size. The purpose of this article was to identify potential predictors of paced QRS duration in patients receiving right ventricular apical pacing for complete atrioventricular block.

Methods:

One hundred seventy patients with right ventricular apical pacing for complete atrioventricular block were divided into 2 groups according to whether the paced QRS duration was longer than 170 ms or not. Demographic characteristics, clinical features, electrocardiogram and echocardiography before implantation, and electrocardiogram immediately after implantation, were retrospectively recorded.

Results:

Preimplant left ventricular end‐diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and body weight were found to be independently associated with the paced QRS duration. Although both of them had low sensitivity and specificity in predicting paced QRS duration longer than 170 ms, the specificity could increase to 81.2% when they were combined.

Conclusions:

Both preimplant LVEDD and body weight independently associate with paced QRS duration in patients receiving apical pacing for complete atrioventricular block. Although whether they really have an effect on new‐onset heart failure still needs to be verified, and these findings might be a good indication. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Prediction of Long‐Term Survival in Chronic Heart Failure by Multiple Biomarker Assessment: A 15‐Year Prospective Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Volpe Massimo , Francia Pietro , Tocci Giuliano , Rubattu Speranza , Cangianiello Sara , Elena Rao Maria Assunta , Trimarco Bruno , Condorelli Mario
Published: November 2010

Background:

In chronic heart failure (CHF), several plasma biomarkers identify subjects at risk of death over the midterm. However, their long‐term predictive value in the context of other candidate predictors has never been assessed. This information may prove valuable in the management of a chronic disease with a long natural history, as CHF is today.

Hypothesis:

We aimed to assess the very‐long‐term prognostic power of a set of biomarkers to identify CHF patients at highest risk for all‐cause mortality.

Methods:

A group of 106 consecutive outpatients with CHF (85 male and 21 female, median age 56 y) was followed for 15 years. Echocardiographic tracings and blood samples were collected at study entry to evaluate cardiac function, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), aldosterone, and erythropoietin, and plasma renin activity. The relationships between biomarkers, clinical and echocardiographic variables, and mortality were assessed.

Results:

After 15 years, 86 of the 106 patients (81%) had died. Multivariate analysis showed that ANP was the best independent predictor of survival over several clinical, echocardiographic, and humoral variables (hazard ratio: 5.62, 95% confidence interval: 3.37–9.39, P < 0.001 for plasma levels < median value of 71 pg/mL). Plasma renin activity and erythropoietin provided prognostic information in univariate analysis, but lost their predictive power when adjusted for covariates.

Conclusions:

The present study represents the longest available follow‐up of patients with CHF evaluating the prognostic power of multiple biomarkers. It shows that a simple assessment of plasma ANP levels is the strongest long‐term predictor of death in all stages of heart failure. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

This work was supported by a grant from MIUR 2001068248. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Soluble Receptors for Advanced Glycation End Products (sRAGE) as a Predictor of Restenosis Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: McNair Erick D. , Wells Calvin R. , Mabood Qureshi A. , Basran Rashpal , Pearce Colin , Orvold Jason , Devilliers Jacobus , Prasad Kailash
Published: November 2010

Background:

Interaction of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with their receptor (RAGE) increases expression of inflammatory mediators (tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF‐α] and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 [sVCAM‐1]) and induces oxygen radicals that are implicated in atherosclerosis. Balloon‐injury‐induced atherosclerosis is associated with increased expression of AGEs and RAGE. The soluble receptor for AGE (sRAGE), which acts as a decoy for RAGE ligands (AGEs), prevents atherosclerosis in this model.

Hypothesis:

We evaluated: 1) whether post‐percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) restenosis is associated with low pre‐PCI serum sRAGE, high serum AGEs, TNF‐α, and sVCAM‐1, and high AGE/sRAGE ratio; 2) whether pre‐PCI and post‐PCI levels of these markers are similar in patients with or without restenosis; and 3) whether sRAGE and AGE/sRAGE ratio have predictive value for post‐PCI restenosis.

Methods:

Angiography was performed in 46 patients with non–ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction for assessment of restenosis. Serum sRAGE, AGEs, TNF‐α, and sVCAM‐1 were measured in these patients and 20 control subjects.

Results:

Nineteen of the 46 patients developed post‐PCI restenosis, which was associated with lower sRAGE and higher TNF‐α and sVCAM‐1 levels, and higher AGE/sRAGE ratio compared with patients without restenosis. Pre‐PCI and post‐PCI levels of these biomarkers were similar in both groups, except in patients with restenosis, in whom the post‐PCI level of sRAGE was lower and TNF‐α was higher than the pre‐PCI levels. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of sRAGE were 100%, and were higher than those of AGE/sRAGE ratio in identifying post‐PCI restenosis.

Conclusions:

Both low serum sRAGE levels and high AGE/sRAGE ratio have predictive value for post‐PCI restenosis. Copyright © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

This research was supported by grants from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Saskatchewan and the Pollack Research Foundation, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
Is Calcium Scoring of the Coronary Arteries Necessary for Proper Management of Asymptomatic Subjects With Classic Risk Factors?
Authors: Richard Conti C.
Published: November 2010

magnified image

In 2000, I wrote an editorial entitled, “Detecting Coronary Calcium.”1 For the past several years there have been numerous publications on this subject. Recently, an article by Min et al, provided some important information about patients with a normal coronary calcium scan and the conversion from a zero calcium score to greater than zero.2 Copyright © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nuclear localization of Nm23‐H1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is associated with radiation resistance
Authors: Park Haeng Ran , Kim Se‐Heon , Lee Sei Young , Sung Ji Min , Park Ae Ran , Kang Suki , Kim Baek Gil , Choi Yoon Pyo , Kim Yong‐Bae , Cho Nam Hoon
Published: November 2010

BACKGROUND:

Although radiation resistance is a primary issue in radiation therapy, attempts to find predictors of radiation resistance have met with little success. The authors therefore aimed to determine predictors for radiation resistance to improve the prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

METHODS:

HNSCC cell lines, SCC15, SCC25, and QLL1, irradiated with an acute dose of 4 grays (Gy) (RR‐4), a cumulative dose of 60 Gy (RR‐60), and a booster dose of 4 Gy over 60 Gy (RR‐60 + 4), were used with nonirradiated cell lines. Those were used in cDNA microarray, proteomics, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence, respectively. One hundred five HNSCC tissue samples with radiation resistance were analyzed by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS:

Western blot analysis of RR‐60 cell lines was identical to the data of Nm23‐H1 overexpression by cDNA array and proteomic screening. Immunofluorescence demonstrated significant nuclear translocation of Nm23‐H1 in RR‐4 and RR‐60 cell lines, and less but still intense nuclear shuttling in RR‐60 + 4. Similarly, Nm23‐H1 nuclear localization was observed in 20% (21 of 105) of tissue samples. Univariate analysis demonstrated that Nm23‐H1 nuclear localization was strongly associated with overall and recurrence‐free survival. Multivariate stepwise Cox regression analysis showed that Nm23‐H1 nuclear localization (odds ratio [OR], 7.48) and N stage (OR, 2.13) were associated with overall survival, and Nm23‐H1 nuclear localization (OR, 3.02), T stage (OR, 1.43), and insufficient tumor margin (OR, 3.27) were associated with recurrence‐free survival.

CONCLUSIONS:

Overexpression of Nm23‐H1, specifically its nuclear translocation, may be a powerful predictor of radiation resistance in HNSCC. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Crystal growth and electric‐property change by rubidium or cesium doping on potassium‐sodium‐niobate
Authors: Kimura Hideo , Tanahashi Rumi , Zhao Hongyang , Maiwa Koji
Published: November 2010

Alkali metals (Na, Rb or Cs) co‐doped with fiber‐ and bulk‐shaped KNbO3 single crystals were grown using two original methods by means of doping together of small ionic Na and large ionic Rb or Cs into KNbO3. Single‐phase crystals could be grown with an orthorhombic system at room temperature as well as pure KNbO3. Piezoelectric and ferroelectric property changes by the co‐doping of Rb or Cs with Na were estimated using d33 values and a polarization‐electric field hysteresis curve in fiber‐ and bulk‐shaped crystals. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Chemistry by Nanocatalysis: First Example of a Solid‐Supported RAPTA Complex for Organic Reactions in Aqueous Medium
Authors: García‐Garrido Sergio E. , Francos Javier , Cadierno Victorio , Basset Jean‐Marie , Polshettiwar Vivek
Published: November 2010

A ruthenium–arene–PTA (RAPTA) complex has been supported for the first time on an inorganic solid, that is, silica‐coated ferrite nanoparticles. The resulting magnetic material proved to be a general, very efficient and easily reusable catalyst for three synthetically useful organic transformations; selective nitrile hydration, redox isomerization of allylic alcohols, and heteroannulation of (Z)‐enynols. The use of low metal concentration, environmentally friendly water as a reaction medium, with no use at all of organic solvent during or after the reactions, and microwaves as an alternative energy source renders the synthetic processes reported herein “truly” green and sustainable.
CeIV‐ and Light‐Driven Water Oxidation by [Ru(terpy)(pic)3]2+ Analogues: Catalytic and Mechanistic Studies
Authors: Duan Lele , Xu Yunhua , Tong Lianpeng , Sun Licheng
Published: November 2010

A series of mononuclear ruthenium polypyridyl complexes [Ru(Mebimpy)(pic)3](PF6)2 (2; Mebimpy=2,6‐bis(1‐methylbenzimidazol‐2‐yl)pyridine; pic=4‐picoline), Ru(bimpy)(pic)3 (3; H2bimpy=2,6‐bis(benzimidazol‐2‐yl)pyridine), trans‐[Ru(terpy)(pic)2Cl](PF6) (4; terpy=2,2′;6′,2“‐terpyridine), and trans‐[Ru(terpy)(pic)2(OH2)](ClO4)2 (5) are synthesized and characterized as analogues of the known Ru complex, [Ru(terpy)(pic)3](PF6)2 (1). The effect of the ligands on electronic and catalytic properties is studied and discussed. The negatively charged ligand, bimpy2−, has a remarkable influence on the electrochemical events due to its strong electron‐donating ability. The performance in light‐ and CeIV‐driven (CeIV=Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6) water oxidation is successfully demonstrated. We propose that ligand exchange between pic and H2O occurs to form the real catalyst, a Ru–aqua complex. The synthesis and testing of trans‐[Ru(terpy)(pic)2(OH2)](ClO4)2 (5) confirmed our proposal. In addition, complex 5 possesses the best catalytic activity among these five complexes.
A cross‐species analysis of Satb2 expression suggests deep conservation across vertebrate lineages
Authors: Sheehan‐Rooney Kelly , Pálinkášová Božena , Eberhart Johann K. , Dixon Michael J.
Published: November 2010

Mutation of SATB2 causes cleft palate in humans. To understand the role of SATB2 function in palatogenesis, SATB2 analyses in vertebrate model systems will be essential. To facilitate these analyses, we have performed a cross‐species comparison of SATB2 structure and function across three vertebrate model systems: mouse, chick, and zebrafish. We find that the SATB2 transcript is highly conserved across human, mouse, chick, and zebrafish, especially within the Satb2 functional domains. Furthermore, our expression analyses demonstrate that SATB2 is likely to have similar functions in vertebrate model organisms and humans during development of the facial processes and secondary palate. Together, these data suggest an evolutionary conserved role for SATB2 during development of the face and palate across vertebrates. Moreover, expression of zebrafish satb2 in the anterior neurocranium supports the utility of the anterior neurocranium as a simplified model of amniote palatogenesis. Developmental Dynamics 239:3481–3491, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ASSET: A robust algorithm for the automated segmentation and standardization of early Caenorhabditis elegans embryos
Authors: Blanchoud Simon , Budirahardja Yemima , Naef Félix , Gönczy Pierre
Published: November 2010

The early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo is an attractive model to investigate evolutionarily conserved cellular mechanisms. However, there is a paucity of automated methods to gather quantitative information with subcellular precision in this system. We developed ASSET (Algorithm for the Segmentation and the Standardization of C. elegans Time‐lapse recordings) to fill this need. ASSET automatically detects the eggshell and the cell cortex from DIC time‐lapse recordings of live one‐cell‐stage embryos and can also track subcellular structures using fluorescent time‐lapse microscopy. Importantly, ASSET standardizes the data into an absolute coordinate system to allow robust quantitative comparisons between embryos. We illustrate how ASSET can efficiently gather quantitative data on the motion of centrosomes and precisely track cortical invaginations, revealing hitherto unnoticed differences between wild‐type and saps‐1(RNAi) embryos. In summary, we establish ASSET as a novel tool for the efficient quantification and standardization of images from early C. elegans embryos. Developmental Dynamics 239:3285–3296, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Heptaphosphanortricyclenes with Oligosilyl Substituents: Syntheses and Reactions
Authors: Noblet Pierre , Cappello Vittorio , Tekautz Günter , Baumgartner Judith , Hassler Karl
Published: November 2010

Three new nortricyclic P7R3 derivatives with R = (SiMe3)2MeSi– (2), (SiMe3)2PhSi– (3), and cyclo‐Si6Me11– (4) were synthesized from red phosphorus, sodium/potassium alloy, and a chlorooligosilane, and their structures were elucidated with X‐ray diffraction. Reactions of 2 and 3 and of tri(hypersilyl)heptaphosphane 1 [hypersilyl = (SiMe3)3Si–] with KOtBu and LiOtBu were performed, which led to different results depending on the size of the substituent. With KOtBu, Si–P bonds were cleaved in 2 and 3, and the mono‐ and dianions [P7R2]– [R = (SiMe3)2MeSi: 2a; R = (SiMe3)2PhSi: 3a] and [P7R]2– [R = (SiMe3)2MeSi: 2b] formed. Crystals of the [K+.18‐crown‐6]+ salt of 2b suitable for X‐ray diffraction could be grown successfully. Compound 1 reacted in an unprecedented way with KOtBu at –60 °C. An Si–Si bond was cleaved, and a transient silyl anion formed, which immediately rearranged into a transient heptaphosphanide anion [Hyp2P7]– (1a) under expulsion of bis(trimethylsilyl)silylene. The silylene immediately inserted into a P–P bond of the basal P3 ring of 1a, thereby forming two new isomeric anions {Hyp2P7[Si(SiMe3)2]}–, 1b and 1c. The structure of 1c could be elucidated by X‐ray crystallography, whereas 1b was characterized by 31P NMR spectroscopy. The proposed reaction mechanism could be further confirmed by performing the reaction between 1 and KOtBu in the presence of a large excess amount of dimethylbutadiene, which trapped the silylene. Just the formation of anion 1a was observed in that case. Anion 1a was also obtained quantitatively when KOtBu was replaced by LiOtBu. Compound 1a reacted with trifluoroacetic acid to give Hyp2P7H (1d), which was successfully crystallized and examined by X‐ray diffraction. It is the first structural example of a stable and neutral nortricyclic P7 derivative, R2P7H. All compounds were chracterized further by 31P and 29Si NMR spectroscopy and elemental analyses.
High‐Temperature Synthesis and Formation Mechanism of Stable, Ordered MCM‐41 Silicas by Using Surfactant Cetyltrimethylammonium Tosylate as Template
Authors: Zhang Kun , Chen Hong‐Li , Albela Belén , Jiang Jin‐Gang , Wang Yi‐Meng , He Ming‐Yuan , Bonneviot Laurent
Published: November 2010

Highly ordered 2D hexagonal mesostructured silicas with thick pore walls have been directly hydrothermally synthesized at high temperatures in a range from 130 to 175 °C by using the new surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate (CTATos) as template. The mesoporous structure of the synthesized MCM‐41 could be maintained after heating it to reflux in boiling water for at least 24 h. The crystallization temperature, the nature of surfactants, and the relative amount of TAAOH (tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, such as TMAOH and TEAOH) to surfactant were found to be critical parameters that affect the ordering of mesophases. On the basis of the combined characterizations of X‐ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), 13C cross‐polarization magic‐angle spinning (CPMAS) solid‐state NMR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), a new mechanism was proposed to understand the formation mechanism of highly ordered MCM‐41 silicas. The enlargement of pore‐wall thickness is attributed to the migration and subsequent deposition of the silicate species in the inner pore channel. This process was accelerated by the ion‐exchange interaction of tetraalkylammonium cations (TAA+) on CTA+ cations.
Use of hybrid organic‐siliceous catalysts for the selective conversion of glycerol
Authors: Jérôme François , Barrault Joël
Published: November 2010

The contribution of hybrid organic‐siliceous materials for the selective conversion of glycerol is discussed. Through selected examples, we wish to show that the easy functionalization of siliceous supports with organic moiety, their large pore opening and the high hydrophilicity of these materials can be a great tool for the selective use of glycerol as a naturally sourced organic building block in organic chemistry. In particular, we show that hybrid organic‐siliceous materials are highly efficient for the direct and selective monofunctionalization of glycerol under mild conditions, thus offering a very convenient route to a wide range of chemicals such as monoglycerides, glycerol ethers, or renewably sourced monomers which are usually obtained with low yields using conventional catalytic routes. The glycerol industrially produced by the biodiesel manufacture is called glycerin and is an average mixture of glycerol (80 wt%), water (15 wt%), and soap (5 wt%). The possible utilization of glycerin instead of refined glycerol is much more desirable from the viewpoint of green chemistry but the presence of water and/or soap causes important damages to solid catalysts. In this context, we show here that the recent progresses in the search of water‐tolerant silica‐based materials now offers great means to directly use glycerin instead of refined glycerol as building block.
Synthesis of BODIPY‐Appended Subporphyrins
Authors: Sugimoto Hisashi , Muto Masahiro , Tanaka Takayuki , Osuka Atsuhiro
Published: November 2010

BODIPY–subporphyrin hybrids bridged by a 1,4‐biphenylene or 1,4‐diphenylethynylene spacer were synthesized either by the palladium‐catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura reaction or the Sonogashira reaction. Their structural and optical properties were examined with respect to the bridge and BODIPY structures. In all cases, intramolecular excitationenergy transfer from the subporphyrin core to the BODIPY peripheries is efficient. Depending on the presence or absence of β‐methyl groups adjacent to the meso position of the BODIPY subunit, the fluorescence is either increased or decreased. It was also found that the electronic interaction between the subporphyrin core and the meso‐(1,4‐phenylene) substituents causes spectral changes for the subporphyrin part, which is not observed for porphyrin counterparts.
Tissue residue concentrations of organohalogens and trace elements in adult Pacific salmon returning to the Fraser River, British Columbia, Canada
Authors: Kelly Barry C , Ikonomou Michael G , MacPherson Nancy , Sampson Tracy , Patterson David A , Dubetz Cory
Published: November 2010

We report measured concentrations of organohalogens and trace elements in muscle and eggs of returning wild Pacific sockeye and chinook salmon during their 2007 migration through the Fraser River watershed in Canada. Chemical analyses revealed the presence of ppb to ppm levels of a wide variety of contaminants in these fish, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs); polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs); polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs); organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) such as DDTs, hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), octachlorostyrene, and cyclodienes; and Hg, As, Cd, Pb, and several other trace elements. Body weights and flesh lipid contents declined during upstream migration, resulting in significantly higher (p < 0.05) lipid-normalized concentrations of lipophilic organohalogens (PCBs, PCDD/Fs, pesticides) in those spawning salmon. Postmigration magnification factors (MFs) of organohalogens (0.1–10) were comparable to previous observations and model predictions. MFs generally increased with increasing hydrophobicity (KOW). For example, MFs of tetra- and pentachlorobenzenes and HCH isomers (log KOW range: 3.8–5) were relatively low (between 0.1 and 1.7) compared with those of more lipophilic compounds (log KOW > 6) such as PCBs, DDTs, and mirex (MFs between 5 and 10). Lipid-normalized muscle:egg ratios in female salmon, which varied between 0.1 and 8, also exhibited a positive relationship with chemical KOW. The results indicate that lipophilic compounds (KOW > 106) can be magnified in flesh lipids of Pacific salmon during spawning migration, but maternal transfer kinetics (deposition to eggs) of those chemicals are relatively slow compared with less hydrophobic compounds. 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxic equivalents (ΣTEQs) in eggs of these spawning salmon, calculated using WHO toxic equivalency factors (WHO-TEFs) for fish health, in some cases exceeded the 0.3 pg·g−1 threshold level associated with 30% salmonid egg mortality, indicating the potential for reproductive impacts in Fraser River salmon populations. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:367–376. © 2010 SETAC
Endocannabinoids in liver disease
Authors: Tam Joseph , Liu Jie , Mukhopadhyay Bani , Cinar Resat , Godlewski Grzegorz , Kunos George
Published: November 2010

Endocannabinoids are lipid mediators of the same cannabinoid (CB) receptors that mediate the effects of marijuana. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) consists of CB receptors, endocannabinoids, and the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis and degradation, and it is present in both brain and peripheral tissues, including the liver. The hepatic ECS is activated in various liver diseases and contributes to the underlying pathologies. In patients with cirrhosis of various etiologies, the activation of vascular and cardiac CB1 receptors by macrophage-derived and platelet-derived endocannabinoids contributes to the vasodilated state and cardiomyopathy, which can be reversed by CB1 blockade. In mouse models of liver fibrosis, the activation of CB1 receptors on hepatic stellate cells is fibrogenic, and CB1 blockade slows the progression of fibrosis. Fatty liver induced by a high-fat diet or chronic alcohol feeding depends on the activation of peripheral receptors, including hepatic CB1 receptors, which also contribute to insulin resistance and dyslipidemias. Although the documented therapeutic potential of CB1 blockade is limited by neuropsychiatric side effects, these may be mitigated by using novel, peripherally restricted CB1 antagonists. (Hepatology 2011;)
New metric for stereo image quality assessment based on HVS
Authors: Yang Jiachen , Hou Chunping , Xu Ran , Lei Jianjun
Published: November 2010

Stereo image is regarded as an important trend of image technology, and there is an increasing need to develop efficient measures for stereo image quality evaluation. By analyzing the main properties of human visual system that is related to stereo image, a new metric based on human visual systems (HVSs) for stereo image quality assessment is proposed in this article. This method assesses stereo images from the perspective of image quality and stereo sense. The experimental results are presented to show that the proposed metric provides results consistent with the subjective assessment and thus can be employed to reflect image quality and stereo sense. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 301–307, 2010
Automatic gait recognition based on probabilistic approach
Authors: Nizami Imran Fareed , Hong Sungjun , Lee Heesung , Lee Byungyun , Kim Euntai
Published: November 2010

A simple probabilistic method for online video based human identification is introduced in this article. The proposed method is based on a modified version of Motion Silhouette images (MSI) and recursive probability accumulation. The modified version of MSI is named the Moving Motion Silhouette Image (MMSI). Identification probability is accumulated recursively in a Bayesian framework to draw a single conclusion from the whole gait sequence. The probability is named the accumulated posterior probability (APP) and denotes the probability based on all the information available up to now. The proposed method is tested on the well‐known publicly available NLPR and SOTON gait databases. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and indicate the fact that using MMSI and APP for information fusion yields higher recognition rates as compared to previous gait recognition systems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 400–408, 2010
Color edge detection using multiscale quaternion convolution
Authors: Xu Jiangyan , Ye Linning , Luo Wang
Published: November 2010

This article presents a novel color edge detection algorithm based on quaternion convolution. A set of multiscale quaternion masks are presented, and the filtered results are multiplied at adjacent scales using dot product to enhance the edge structures while diluting noise. Experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient and robust for color images. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 354–358, 2010
Determination of yarn production characteristics using image processing
Authors: Carvalho Vítor H. , Belsley Michael S. , Vasconcelos Rosa M. , Soares Filomena O.
Published: November 2010

This article describes a low‐cost image acquisition and processing system, which measures several yarn production characteristics, namely, the fibers twist orientation, the folded yarn twist step, the folded yarn twist orientation, and the existence of single (nonfolded yarn) or multiple cables (folded yarn). The imaging hardware consists of a USB web camera coupled to an analog microscope and a monochromatic light source. The acquired images are analyzed using custom designed software based on the IMAQ Vision image program from National Instruments. A full description of the developed image processing tool is presented, together with several experimental results. The results obtained are consistent with information deduced from high‐resolution images acquired using an electron microscope. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 391–399, 2010
A virtual teleconferencing system based on face detection and 3D animation in a low‐bandwidth environment
Authors: Liu Yi‐Chih , Wang Sheng‐De
Published: November 2010

In this article, we proposed a novel teleconferencing system that combines a facial muscle model and the techniques of face detection and facial feature extraction to synthesize a sequence of life‐like face animation. The proposed system can animate realistic 3D face images in a low‐bandwidth environment to support virtual videoconferencing. Based on the technique of feature extraction, a face detection algorithm for the virtual conferencing system is proposed in this article. In the proposed face detection algorithm, the YCbCr skin color model is used to detect the possible face area of the image; the feature points of the face is determined by using the symmetry property of the face and the gray level characteristics of the eyes and the mouth. According to the positions of the feature points on a facial image, we can compute the transformation values of the feature points. These values will then be sent via a network from the sender's side to the receiver's side frame by frame. We can synthesize the realistic facial animations on the receiver's side based on these. Experimental results show that the proposed system can achieve a practical animated face‐to‐face virtual conference with good facial expressions and a low‐bandwidth requirement. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 323–332, 2010