bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hydatid Cyst of the Maxillary Sinus
Authors: Megalamani Somanath B , Balasubramanium Deepak , Gopalakrishnan Surianarayana , Saxena Sunil Kumar
Published: September 2011

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation by a tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus. The disease is endemic in the Middle East, the South Asia and South America. The larvae usually cause cystic lesions in the lung and liver. Hydatid cysts are known to affect the head and neck region. The presence of this cyst in the maxillary sinus is extremely rare and should be suspected in cases presenting from endemic countries.
Cavernous Hemangioma of the Maxillary and Ethmoid Sinus Treated Endoscopically
Authors: Nair Arun B , Hemanth V , Manjula BV , Ross Anita
Published: September 2011

Hemangiomas are a benign vascular tumor and are of two types: capillary and cavernous. Isolated cavernous hemangiomas of paranasal sinuses are rare. We report a case of hemangioma involving the left maxillary and ethmoid sinus managed endoscopically.
Cholesteatoma of Maxillary Sinus: Mimicking as Sinus Tumor
Authors: Yadav Jagveer Singh , Chouhan Mahendra , Bakshi Jaimanti , Saikia Uma Nahar
Published: September 2011

Paranasal sinuses are normally lined by respiratory mucosa which is pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. Cholesteatoma of paranasal sinus is a condition where respiratory mucosa is either partially or totally replaced by hyperkeratotic squamous epithelium which lead to formation of lamellar sheet of keratin and this condition is known as cholesteatoma. We report one such rare occurrence of maxillary sinus cholesteatoma managed endoscopically.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Antibacterial Studies of Mixed Ligand Dioxouranium Complexes with 8-Hydroxyquinoline and Some Amino Acids
Authors: Patil Sunil S. , Thakur Ganesh A. , Shaikh Manzoor M.
Published: September 2011

Mixed ligand complexes of dioxouranium (VI) of the type [UO2(Q)(L)·2H2O] have been synthesized using 8-hydroxyquinoline (HQ) as a primary ligand and amino acids (HL) such as L-threonine, L-tryptophan, and L-isoleucine as secondary ligands. The metal complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, electrical conductance, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and spectral and thermal studies. The electrical conductance studies of the complexes indicate their nonelectrolytic nature. Magnetic susceptibility measurements revealed diamagnetic nature of the complexes. Electronic absorption spectra of the complexes show intraligand and charge transfer transitions, respectively. Bonding of the metal ion through N- and O-donor atoms of the ligands is revealed by IR studies, and the chemical environment of the protons is confirmed by NMR studies. The thermal analysis data of the complexes indicate the presence of coordinated water molecules. The agar cup and tube dilution methods have been used to study the antibacterial activity of the complexes against the pathogenic bacteria S. aureus, C. diphtheriae, S. typhi, and E. coli.
Origin of the Ultra‐nonlinear Switching Kinetics in Oxide‐Based Resistive Switches
Authors: Menzel Stephan , Waters Matthias , Marchewka Astrid , Böttger Ulrich , Dittmann Regina , Waser Rainer
Published: September 2011

Experimental pulse length–pulse voltage studies of SrTiO3 memristive cells are reported, which reveal nonlinearities in the switching kinetics of more than nine orders of magnitude. The results are interpreted using an electrothermal 2D finite element model. The nonlinearity arises from a temperature increase in a few‐nanometer‐thick disc‐shaped region at the Ti electrode and a corresponding exponential increase in oxygen‐vacancy mobility. The model fully reproduces the experimental data and it provides essential design rules for optimizing the cell concept of nanoionic resistive memories. The model is generic in nature: it is applicable to all those oxides which become n‐conducting upon chemical reduction and which show significant ion conductivity at elevated temperatures.
The Development of Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and Psychoanalysis in China
Authors: Varvin Sverre , Gerlach Alf
Published: September 2011

The history of psychoanalysis in China started already in 1912, followed by a great interest from Chinese intellectuals in the 20s and 30s. Since 1983 psychoanalysts from different Western countries, especially Germany and Norway, teach psychodynamic psychotherapy at Chinese psychiatric institutions. Meanwhile the IPA offers full psychoanalytic training in Beijing and in Shanghai. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Small‐vessel vasculitis surrounding an uninflamed temporal artery and isolated vasa vasorum vasculitis of the temporal artery: Two subsets of giant cell arteritis
Authors: Restuccia Giovanna , Cavazza Alberto , Boiardi Luigi , Pipitone Nicolò , Macchioni PierLuigi , Bajocchi GianLuigi , Catanoso Maria Grazia , Muratore Francesco , Ghinoi Alessandra , Magnani Luca , Cimino Luca , Salvarani Carlo
Published: September 2011

Objective

To evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of periadventitial small‐vessel vasculitis (SVV) and isolated vasa vasorum vasculitis (VVV).

Methods

We identified 455 temporal artery biopsies performed in residents of Reggio Emilia, Italy between 1986 and 2003. Slides of temporal artery biopsy specimens were reviewed by a pathologist who was blinded with regard to clinical data. SVV was defined as inflammation of the small vessels external to the temporal artery adventitia, and VVV was defined as isolated inflammation of temporal artery vasa vasorum. Medical records of patients with SVV and/or VVV were reviewed, and demographic, clinical, laboratory, and followup data were collected. For comparison purposes, we collected the same data from an equal number of randomly selected patients with evidence of classic giant cell arteritis (GCA).

Results

Sixteen patients had SVV, 18 had isolated VVV, and 5 had both SVV and VVV. Compared with patients with classic GCA, the frequencies of headache, scalp tenderness, abnormalities of temporal arteries, jaw claudication, anorexia, and weight loss, the levels of acute‐phase reactant at diagnosis, and the initial and cumulative doses prednisone were significantly lower and the frequency of peripheral synovitis was higher in the patients with SVV, and the frequency of cranial ischemic events was similar in the 2 groups. In contrast, the clinical characteristics and erythrocyte sedimentation rate at diagnosis of patients with isolated VVV were similar to those of patients with classic GCA.

Conclusion

Our findings indicate that isolated VVV and SVV should be considered part of the histopathologic spectrum of GCA.
Replication of association of the PTPRC gene with response to anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy in a large UK cohort
Authors: Plant Darren , Prajapati Rita , Hyrich Kimme L. , Morgan Ann W. , Wilson Anthony G. , Isaacs John D. ,   Biologics in Rheumatoid Arthritis Genetics and Genomics Study Syndicate, Barton Anne
Published: September 2011

Objective

Several rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility variants map close to genes involved in the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, prompting the investigation of RA susceptibility variants in studies of predictors of response to TNF blockade. Based on a previously reported association of RA with the PTPRC genetic locus, the present study was undertaken to test established RA susceptibility variants, including PTPRC, in the prediction of response to TNF blockade in a large cohort of patients from the UK.

Methods

DNA was extracted from the blood of 1,115 UK patients with RA who were receiving anti‐TNF biologic therapy. Samples were analyzed for 29 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously established as RA susceptibility variants. In the primary analysis, the effect of each SNP on treatment response was assessed by linear regression, using an additive model, in which absolute change in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints at 6 months of followup was the outcome measure. In a secondary analysis, logistic regression models were used to compare patients with a good treatment response (n = 274) to those with a poor response (n = 195), as defined using the European League Against Rheumatism response criteria. Results were combined with those from previous studies to confirm the findings by meta‐analysis.

Results

The PTPRC rs10919563 SNP was associated with improved treatment response in both the primary analysis (regression coefficient 0.19, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.09, 0.37; P = 0.04) and secondary analysis (odds ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.40, 0.95; P = 0.03). A meta‐analysis combining these data with the results from a previous study strengthened the evidence for association with the PTPRC SNP (P = 5.13 × 10−5). No convincing association of the treatment response with other candidate loci was detected.

Conclusion

Presence of the rs10919563 RA susceptibility variant at the PTPRC gene locus predicts improved response to anti‐TNF biologic therapy. Fine‐mapping studies are required to determine whether this SNP or another variant at the locus provides the greatest predictive accuracy for treatment response.
Phase IIb dose‐ranging study of the oral JAK inhibitor tofacitinib (CP‐690,550) or adalimumab monotherapy versus placebo in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis with an inadequate response to disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs
Authors: Fleischmann Roy , Cutolo Maurizio , Genovese Mark C. , Lee Eun Bong , Kanik Keith S. , Sadis Seth , Connell Carol A. , Gruben David , Krishnaswami Sriram , Wallenstein Gene , Wilkinson Bethanie E. , Zwillich Samuel H.
Published: September 2011

Objective

To compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of 5 doses of oral tofacitinib (CP‐690,550) or adalimumab monotherapy with placebo for the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in patients with an inadequate response to disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs.

Methods

In this 24‐week, double‐blind, phase IIb study, patients with RA (n = 384) were randomized to receive placebo, tofacitinib at 1, 3, 5, 10, or 15 mg administered orally twice a day, or adalimumab at 40 mg injected subcutaneously every 2 weeks (total of 6 injections) followed by oral tofacitinib at 5 mg twice a day for 12 weeks. The primary end point was the responder rate according to the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria (ACR20) at week 12.

Results

Treatment with tofacitinib at a dose of ≥3 mg twice a day resulted in a rapid response with significant efficacy when compared to placebo, as indicated by the primary end point (ACR20 response at week 12), achieved in 39.2% (3 mg; P ≤ 0.05), 59.2% (5 mg; P < 0.0001), 70.5% (10 mg; P < 0.0001), and 71.9% (15 mg; P < 0.0001) in the tofacitinib group and 35.9% of patients in the adalimumab group (P = 0.105), compared with 22.0% of patients receiving placebo. Improvements were sustained at week 24, according to the ACR20, ACR50, and ACR70 response rates as well as classifications of remission according to the 3‐variable Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) using C‐reactive protein and the 4‐variable DAS28 using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The most common treatment‐emergent adverse events (AEs) in patients across all tofacitinib treatment arms (n = 272) were urinary tract infection (7.7%), diarrhea (4.8%), headache (4.8%), and bronchitis (4.8%).

Conclusion

Tofacitinib monotherapy at ≥3 mg twice a day was efficacious in the treatment of patients with active RA over 24 weeks and demonstrated a manageable safety profile.
Accuracy and sensitivity of residual DNA detection by QPCR is not predicted by target copy number
Authors: Verardo Megan L. , Carvalho Juliane G. , Delgado Dora N. , Kuhns Scott T.
Published: September 2011

A major issue in the use of mammalian cell culture in biopharmaceutical manufacturing is the removal of process related impurities, such as residual host cell DNA, during the product purification process. To ensure that sufficient DNA removal is achieved during purification, it is essential to have an accurate and sensitive assay for host cell DNA. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) is widely used for this purpose; however, the extent to which the choice of QPCR gene target can have an impact on final results requires further understanding. In the present study, we examined the relationship between the genomic copy number of eight different Chinese Hamster ovary (CHO) gene targets and the sensitivity and accuracy afforded by those targets in a residual host cell DNA QPCR assay. We also evaluated the use of each gene target for accurate measurement of residual DNA clearance using in‐process purification samples from two CHO production cell lines. Our results revealed a correlation between gene target abundance and the potential sensitivity for use in a QPCR assay. However, we found that higher copy number gene targets do not provide the highest measurement or reveal the largest clearance of residual host cell DNA from purification samples. These findings suggest that different DNA sequences may clear or degrade at differential rates and highlight unexpected considerations that must be made in the choice of QPCR gene target when designing QPCR assays. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2012
Peptide‐Controlled Access to the Interior Surface of Empty Virus Nanoparticles
Authors: Sainsbury Frank , Saunders Keith , Aljabali Alaa A. A. , Evans David J. , Lomonossoff George P.
Published: September 2011

The structure of Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) is known to high resolution, thereby enabling the rational use of the particles in diverse applications, from vaccine design to nanotechnology. A recently devised method for the production of empty virus‐like particles (eVLPs) has opened up new possibilities for CPMV capsid‐based technologies, such as internal mineralisation of the particle. We have investigated the role of the carboxyl (C) terminus of the small coat (S) protein in controlling access to the interior of CPMV eVLPs by determining the efficiency of internal mineralisation. The presence of the C‐terminal 24‐amino acid peptide of the S protein was found to inhibit internal mineralisation, an effect that could be eliminated by enzymatic removal of this region. We have also demonstrated the amenability of the C terminus to genetic modification. Substitution with six histidine residues generated stable particles and facilitated external mineralisation by cobalt. These findings demonstrate consistent internal and external mineralisation of CPMV, and will aid the further exploration and development of the use of eVLPs for bionanotechnological and medical applications.
Beyond remedial dichotomies: Are ‘underprepared’ college students a marginalized marjority?
Authors: Deil‐Amen Regina
Published: September 2011

This chapter questions the dichotomous labeling and conceptualization of remedial and nonremedial students, particularly the added distinctions emphasized between four‐year and two‐year colleges, and it calls for a focus on the common challenges among all underprepared college students.
Stroke due to late device thrombosis following successful percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure
Authors: Korabathina Ravikiran , Thaler David E. , Kimmelstiel Carey
Published: September 2011

We report a case of stroke due to device thrombosis occurring three years following percutaneous patent foramen ovale (patent foramen ovale) closure with an Amplatzer atrial septal occluder device. We discuss risk factors that may have contributed to device thrombosis and raise concerns regarding the lack of a dedicated PFO closure device for clinical use in the United States. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Triggering dissymmetry in achiral dye molecules by chiral solvents: Circular dichroism experiments and DFT calculations
Authors: Abbate Sergio , Lebon France , Longhi Giovanna , Passarello Marco , Liveri Vincenzo Turco
Published: September 2011

The electronic circular dichroism spectra of achiral product “Lumogen F Red” (ROT‐300) in four different chiral solvents are recorded at different temperatures. DFT calculations allow to identify two enantiomeric conformers for ROT‐300. In vacuo they are equally populated; in chiral solvents one enantiomer prevails. Thermodynamic quantities involved in the chiral preference are derived. Chirality, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Organocatalytically Enantioselective Approach to Polysubstituted Tetrahydropyridines and Piperidines
Authors: Yu Fang , Zhang Xiaojing , Jiang Yongwen
Published: September 2011

A convenient and highly enantioselective method for assembly of functionalized 1,2,3,4,5‐pentasubstituted tetrahydropyridines and piperidines was developed. This method relies on preparing the required enantiopure cyclic semi‐acetals via an organocatalyzed Michael addition/cyclization cascade reaction of aldehydes and α‐keto‐α,β‐unsaturated esters, and subsequent reductive amination/condensation with primary amines.
Approximate cloaking for the Helmholtz equation via transformation optics and consequences for perfect cloaking
Authors: Nguyen Hoai‐Minh
Published: September 2011

In this paper, we study approximate cloaking of active devices for the Helmholtz equation in the whole space of dimension 2 or 3 using the scheme introduced by Kohn, Shen, Vogelius, and Weinstein. More precisely, we assess the degree of invisibility, determine the limit of the field inside the cloaked and cloaking regions, and show that the scheme is unstable with respect to the material parameters. As a consequence, we obtain some feasible properties of “perfect” cloaking. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Metastatic proximal epithelioid sarcoma in pleural effusion: Cytopathologic findings and differential diagnosis
Authors: Guan Hui , Haque Farah , Ali Syed Z.
Published: September 2011

We present a rare occurrence of metastatic proximal epithelioid sarcoma (PES) in the pleural effusion of a 23‐year‐old man, developed within one year of diagnosis in his gluteal soft tissue. The cytologic and immunoperoxidase findings are described. PES, due to its epithelioid morphology, can be confused with more common cancers in effusions such as adenocarcinoma and mesothelioma. PES is an aggressive neoplasm that differs clinically and pathologically from conventional epithelioid sarcoma. Knowledge of its cytomorphology in serous cavity effusions, a patient's clinical history and ancillary studies may lead to an accurate diagnosis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The cortisol awakening response (CAR) in 2‐ to 4‐year‐old children: Effects of acute nighttime sleep restriction, wake time, and daytime napping
Authors: Gribbin Colleen E. , Watamura Sarah Enos , Cairns Alyssa , Harsh John R. , LeBourgeois Monique K.
Published: September 2011

The cortisol awakening response (CAR) is presumed critically important for healthy adaptation. The current literature, however, is hampered by systematic measurement difficulties relative to awakening, especially with young children. While reports suggest the CAR is smaller in children than adults, well‐controlled research in early childhood is scarce. We examined whether robust CARs exist in 2‐ to 4‐year‐old children and if sleep restriction, wake timing, and napping influence the CAR (n = 7). During a 25‐day in‐home protocol, researchers collected four salivary cortisol samples (0, 15, 30, 45 min post‐wake) following five polysomnographic sleep recordings on nonconsecutive days after 4 hr (morning nap), 7 hr (afternoon nap), 10 hr (evening nap), 13 hr (baseline night), and 16 hr (sleep restriction night) of wakefulness (20 samples/child). The CAR was robust after nighttime sleep, diminished after sleep restriction, and smaller but distinct after morning and afternoon (not evening) naps. Cortisol remained elevated 45 min after morning and afternoon naps. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:412–422, 2012.
Eyeblink conditioning in the developing rabbit
Authors: Brown Kevin L. , Woodruff‐Pak Diana S.
Published: September 2011

Eyeblink classical conditioning in pre‐weanling rabbits was examined in the present study. Using a custom lightweight headpiece and restrainer, New Zealand white littermates were trained once daily in 400 ms delay eyeblink classical conditioning from postnatal days (PD) 17–21 or PD 24–28. These ages were chosen because eyeblink conditioning emerges gradually over PD 17–24 in rats [Stanton et al., (1992) Behavioral Neuroscience, 106(4):657–665], another altricial species with neurodevelopmental features similar to those of rabbits. Consistent with well‐established findings in rats, rabbits trained from PD 24–28 showed greater conditioning relative to littermates trained from PD 17–21. Both age groups displayed poor retention of eyeblink conditioning at retraining 1 month after acquisition. These findings are the first to demonstrate eyeblink conditioning in the developing rabbit. With further characterization of optimal conditioning parameters, this preparation may have applications to neurodevelopmental disease models as well as research exploring the ontogeny of memory. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:423–432, 2012.
Kinematics of reaching and implications for handedness in rhesus monkey infants
Authors: Nelson Eliza L. , Konidaris George D. , Berthier Neil E. , Braun Maurine C. , Novak Matthew F.S.X. , Suomi Stephen J. , Novak Melinda A.
Published: September 2011

Kinematic studies of reaching in human infants using two‐dimensional (2‐D) and three‐dimensional (3‐D) recordings have complemented behavioral studies of infant handedness by providing additional evidence of early right asymmetries. Right hand reaches have been reported to be straighter and smoother than left hand reaches during the first year. Although reaching has been a popular measure of handedness in primates, there has been no systematic comparison of left and right hand reach kinematics. We investigated reaching in infant rhesus monkeys using the 2‐D motion analysis software MaxTRAQ Lite+ (Innovision Systems). Linear mixed‐effects models revealed that left hand reaches were smoother, but not straighter, than right hand reaches. An early left bias matches previous findings of a left hand preference for reaching in adult rhesus monkeys. Additional work using this kind of kinematic approach will extend our understanding of primate handedness beyond traditional studies measuring only frequency or bouts of hand use. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:460–467, 2012.
Outer hair cell‐specific prestin‐CreERT2 knockin mouse lines
Authors: Fang Jie , Zhang Wen‐Cheng , Yamashita Tetsuji , Gao Jiangang , Zhu Min‐Sheng , Zuo Jian
Published: September 2011

Outer hair cells (OHCs) in the cochlea are crucial for the remarkable hearing sensitivity and frequency tuning. To understand OHC physiology and pathology, it is imperative to use mouse genetic tools to manipulate gene expression specifically in OHCs. Here, we generated two prestin knockin mouse lines: (1) the prestin‐CreERT2 line, with an internal ribosome entry site‐CreERT2‐FRT‐Neo‐FRT cassette inserted into the prestin locus after the stop codon, and (2) the prestin‐CreERT2‐NN line, with the FRT‐Neo‐FRT removed subsequently. We characterized the inducible Cre activity of both lines by crossing them with the reporter lines CAG‐eGFP and Ai6. Cre activity was induced with tamoxifen at various postnatal ages and only detected in OHCs, resembling the endogenous prestin expression pattern. Moreover, prestin‐CreERT2 +/− (heterozygotes) and +/+ (homozygotes) as well as prestin‐CreERT2‐NN +/− mice displayed normal hearing. These two prestin‐CreERT2 mouse lines are therefore useful tools to analyze gene function in OHCs in vivo. genesis 50:124–131, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phase noise characteristics of oscillator circuits emphasizing impedance matching
Authors: Imaike Takeshi , Sakuta Yukinori , Sekine Yoshifumi
Published: September 2011

This paper describes improvement of phase noise characteristics of an Fr oscillator. We have examined the configuration of the Fr oscillator, the loaded Q of which is improved by using matching network, and we have predicted the value of the loaded Q. Furthermore, we actually made several configurations of the Fr oscillator and measured the SSB phase noise. We show that the measured loaded Q of the Fr oscillator corresponds to the calculation results well, and that the phase noise characteristics are improved by decreasing the characteristic impedance of the frequency selective circuit. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(10): 34–40, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10355
High‐speed image matching using partial template consisting of multiple rectangular areas extracted by genetic algorithm
Authors: Okada Keita , Saitoh Fumihiko
Published: September 2011

In normalized correlation matching, a template image is set by manual operation before the matching process. Namely, the contents and the size of a template image are determined by the human sense. This paper proposes a method of performing high‐speed normalized correlation matching by extracting multiple partial areas automatically, which is effective in image matching. These extracted multiple partial areas become the new template image. The proposed method extracts multiple partial areas suitable for matching by genetic algorithm. The experimental results show that multiple partial areas including an image pattern that was useful for matching were extracted by the proposed method and that the processing time for image matching was reduced to 50%. The proposed method has higher reliability than conventional methods. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(10): 1–9, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10373
How Space‐Filling Is a Pyridine Lone Pair?
Authors: Mazzanti Andrea , Lunazzi Lodovico , Lepri Susan , Ruzziconi Renzo , Schlosser Manfred
Published: September 2011

The torsional barriers of 2′‐substituted 2‐arylpyridines have been probed experimentally (by using dynamic NMR spectroscopy) and computationally (by using density functional theory). Due to the compressibility of the lone pair, the torsional barriers of the arylpyridines are up to 4.2 kcal/mol smaller than those of the carba‐analogous biphenyls. Furthermore, the ground states of the 2‐arylpyridines are less twisted than those of the biphenyls. Finally, due to an out‐of‐collinearity distortion, the intramolecular repulsion is attenuated in both rotational transition states, in the syn coplanar conformer (in which the pyridine nitrogen and the substituent R face each other) and in the anti coplanar conformer (in which they are on opposite sides of the molecule).
Chemoradiotherapy for maxillary sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma using superselective intra‐arterial infusion via a superficial temporal artery
Authors: Adachi Makoto , Mitsudo Kenji , Yamamoto Noriyuki , Hagiwara Sumitaka , Shigetomi Toshio , Fujimoto Yasushi , Lai Stephen Y. , Tohnai Iwai
Published: September 2011

Background

The efficacy of concurrent intra‐arterial infusion chemoradiotherapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) has been described in only a few reports. Herein, we report on 2 patients with unresectable ACC of the maxillary sinus treated with this approach.

Methods

Patients received concurrent chemoradiotherapy. External beam radiation was administered 5 times a week at 2 Gray (Gy) per fraction for a total of 60 Gy. Chemotherapy consisting of docetaxel and cisplatin was administered by superselective intra‐arterial infusion via a superficial temporal artery.

Results

After the completion of all treatments in both patients, biopsy specimens of the primary lesions showed complete disappearance of all viable and nonviable tumor cells and new bone formation at the bony walls of the maxillary sinus. Although complications such as mucositis, neutropenia, and anorexia were observed, they were well‐tolerated and manageable.

Conclusion

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy using superselective intra‐arterial infusion is a potential option for patients with unresectable maxillary ACC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Prospects for calibrating rainfall‐runoff models using satellite observations of river hydraulic variables as surrogates for in situ river discharge measurements
Authors: Sun Wenchao , Ishidaira Hiroshi , Bastola Satish
Published: September 2011

The need for calibration limits the direct application of rainfall‐runoff (RR) models in ungauged basins. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework for calibrating RR models using river hydraulic variables (river width or water surface elevation) that are observable by remote sensing. By integrating a RR model with at‐a‐station hydraulic geometry, using power functions to describe the cross‐sectional hydraulic relationship at the basin outlet, the simulated river width or water surface elevation become the output of the integrated model. The objective of the calibration is then shifted to minimizing the difference between the simulated values and the satellite measurements of the hydraulic variables. Correspondingly, the calibration process is carried out by tuning the RR model and power function parameters simultaneously. The HYdrological MODel (HYMOD) RR model and Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGAII) multi‐objective optimization scheme were selected based on the characteristics of satellite observations. A proof‐of‐concept experiment was carried out for the Pakse gauging station in the Mekong Basin, southwest Laos. Discharge estimates with acceptable accuracy were obtained by calibration, using ground measurements of either river width or water surface elevation at the Pakse gauging station, under designed average and low satellite observation frequencies. From the results of the experiment, a higher observational frequency was found to be preferable for making more reliable estimations. Using ground measurements with the possible error of satellite observations as calibration data, the maximum uncertainty was less than 20% of the mean daily discharge at Pakse station. This conceptual framework can provide a new tool for improving river discharge estimation in large ungauged basins. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of acute‐phase proteins, AHSG, C3, CLI, HP and SAA, reveals distinctive expression patterns associated with breast, colorectal and lung cancer
Authors: Dowling Paul , Clarke Colin , Hennessy Kim , Torralbo‐Lopez Beatriz , Ballot Jo , Crown John , Kiernan Ingrid , O'Byrne Kenneth J. , Kennedy M. John , Lynch Vincent , Clynes Martin
Published: September 2011

Early detection, clinical management and disease recurrence monitoring are critical areas in cancer treatment in which specific biomarker panels are likely to be very important in each of these key areas. We have previously demonstrated that levels of alpha‐2‐heremans‐schmid‐glycoprotein (AHSG), complement component C3 (C3), clusterin (CLI), haptoglobin (HP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) are significantly altered in serum from patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Here, we report the abundance levels for these proteins in serum samples from patients with advanced breast cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC) and lung cancer compared to healthy controls (age and gender matched) using commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits. Logistic regression (LR) models were fitted to the resulting data, and the classification ability of the proteins was evaluated using receiver‐operating characteristic curve and leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (LOOCV). The most accurate individual candidate biomarkers were C3 for breast cancer [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.89, LOOCV = 73%], CLI for CRC (AUC = 0.98, LOOCV = 90%), HP for small cell lung carcinoma (AUC = 0.97, LOOCV = 88%), C3 for lung adenocarcinoma (AUC = 0.94, LOOCV = 89%) and HP for squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (AUC = 0.94, LOOCV = 87%). The best dual combination of biomarkers using LR analysis were found to be AHSG + C3 (AUC = 0.91, LOOCV = 83%) for breast cancer, CLI + HP (AUC = 0.98, LOOCV = 92%) for CRC, C3 + SAA (AUC = 0.97, LOOCV = 91%) for small cell lung carcinoma and HP + SAA for both adenocarcinoma (AUC = 0.98, LOOCV = 96%) and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung (AUC = 0.98, LOOCV = 84%). The high AUC values reported here indicated that these candidate biomarkers have the potential to discriminate accurately between control and cancer groups both individually and in combination with other proteins.
Glycosaminoglycan mimicry by COAM reduces melanoma growth through chemokine induction and function
Authors: Piccard Helene , Berghmans Nele , Korpos Eva , Dillen Chris , Aelst Ilse Van , Li Sandra , Martens Erik , Liekens Sandra , Noppen Sam , Damme Jo Van , Sorokin Lydia , Opdenakker Ghislain
Published: September 2011

Chlorite‐oxidized oxyamylose (COAM), a glycosaminoglycan mimetic and potent antiviral agent, provided significant growth reduction of syngeneic murine B16‐F1 melanoma tumors. A single early dose (100 μg, into the site of tumor cell inoculation) was sufficient to establish a persistent effect over 17 days (resected tumor volume of 78.3 mm3 in COAM‐treated mice compared to 755.2 mm3 in the control cohort, i.e., 89.6% reduction of tumor volumes). COAM was a much better antitumoral agent than the polyanionic glycosaminoglycan heparin. COAM retained its antitumoral effect in lymphopenic mice, reinforcing the idea of myeloid cell involvement. Massive recruitment of myeloid cells into dermal air pouches in response to COAM and their increased presence in early‐treated tumors indicated that mainly CD11b+ GR‐1+ myeloid cells were attracted by COAM to exert antitumoral effects. Leukocyte chemotaxis was mediated by the chemokine system through the induction in B16‐F1 cells of mouse granulocyte chemotactic protein‐2/CXCL6 upon COAM treatment. Thus, COAM constitutes a novel tool to study the role of innate immune cells in the initial stages of tumor development and an example that innate immunostimulating glycosaminoglycan mimicry may be exploited therapeutically.
Repeatable procedure for evaluating taper damage on femoral stems with modular necks
Authors: Harman Melinda K. , Baleani Massimiliano , Juda Kacper , Viceconti Marco
Published: September 2011

Understanding the performance of dual‐taper modular femoral stems necessitates detailed quantitative assessment. This study reports a repeatable procedure to identify and measure damage on modular taper surfaces and determines whether damage area is a useful parameter for discerning modular femoral stem performance duringin vitrocorrosion and endurance tests. Twenty‐four dual‐taper modular necks representing a range of functional conditions were evaluated, including 15 necks previously subjected toin vitrotesting and 9 necks explanted during revision hip arthroplasty. Objective identification of six surface features, including four unique damage modes, was accomplished using defined criteria combined with a standardized photogrammetric method for accurate and repeatable measurement of damage area and location. Damage area was a useful parameter for discerning the performance of modular femoral stems subjected to differentin vitrotests. The sum of burnished smooth and textured damage areas was linearly correlated with the magnitude of material removed (weight loss) duringin vitrotesting, predicting ∼ 1.0 mg additional weight loss for every 10% increase in those combined damage areas. Modular necks tested with higher load magnitudes and those coupled with larger, stiffer femoral stems were readily distinguished and showed significantly larger areas of burnished smooth and textured damage. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Water‐soluble argatroban for antithrombogenic surface coating of tissue‐engineered cardiovascular tissues
Authors: Nakayama Yasuhide , Yamaoka Saori , Yamanami Masashi , Fujiwara Megumi , Uechi Masami , Takamizawa Keiichi , Ishibashi‐Ueda Hatsue , Nakamichi Marie , Uchida Kingo , Watanabe Taiji , Kanda Keiichi , Yaku Hitoshi
Published: September 2011

Argatroban is a powerful synthetic anticoagulant, but due to its water‐insoluble nature, it is unsuitable for use as a coating material to reduce the thrombogenic potential of natural or tissue‐engineered blood‐contacting cardiovascular tissues. On the other hand, anionic compounds could adsorb firmly onto connective tissues. Therefore, in this study, an anionic form of argatroban was prepared by neutralization from its alkaline solution, dialysis, and freeze‐drying. The subsequently obtained argatroban derivative could be easily dissolved in water. Analysis of the surface chemical composition showed that the water‐soluble argatroban (WSA) could be adsorbed on the entire surface of tissue‐engineered connective tissue sheets composed mainly of collagen. Adsorption was achieved on immersion of the tissue‐engineered connective tissue sheet in a saline/WSA solution for only 30 s without any change in the mechanical properties of the tissue‐engineered sheets. Complete surface adsorption (ca., 1 mg/cm2) was obtained at WSA concentrations of over 5 mg/mL. WSA adsorption was maintained for at least 7 days with rinsing. Blood coagulation was significantly prevented on the WSA‐adsorbed surfaces in acute in vitro experiments. The coating was applied to in vivo tissue‐engineered vascular grafts (biotubes) or tri‐leaflet tissues (biovalves) under development, ensuring a high likelihood of nonthrombogenicity of their blood‐contacting surfaces with high patency, at least in the subchronic phase. It appears that WSA satisfies the initial requirements for a biocompatible aqueous coating material for use in natural or tissue‐engineered tissues. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 99B: 420–430, 2011.
Manipulation of cellular redox parameters for improving therapeutic responses in B‐cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma
Authors: Goel Apollina , Spitz Douglas R. , Weiner George J.
Published: September 2011

Developing novel combined‐modality therapeutic approaches based on understanding of the involvement of redox biology in apoptosis of malignant cells is a promising approach for improving clinical responses in B‐cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Therapeutic modalities that generate reactive oxygen species (i.e., radiation, photodynamic therapy, and specific chemotherapeutic drugs) have been shown to be selectively cytotoxic to malignant B‐cells. In this review, we will discuss agents that induce apoptosis in B‐cell tumors by oxidative stress. Subsequently, a novel biochemical rationale (based on fundamental differences in cancer vs. normal cell oxidative metabolism) for combining oxidative stressors with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, that may lead to designing of more effective treatment strategies for B‐cell malignancies, will be discussed. Besides providing potential curative benefit, such novel therapies could also selectively target and inhibit the emergence of drug‐resistance in tumor cells, which is a major determinant of treatment failure in many B‐cell malignancies. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 419–425, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis) leaf extract on the swimming endurance and exhaustive exercise‐induced oxidative stress of rats
Authors: Zheng Xianyun , Long Wenmin , Liu Gening , Zhang Xiaomin , Yang Xiaolan
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND: Seabuckthorn (SBT) leaves have significant antioxidant, immunomodulatory and anti‐inflammatory properties. The objective of this study was to assess the anti‐fatigue, antioxidant and tissue‐protective properties of aqueous lyophilised extracts of SBT dried leaves in the hearts of Wistar male rats undergoing exhaustive physical exercise. Doses of 50, 200 and 800 mg kg−1 body weight (BW) day−1 were given orally for 1 week. A week later the rats were forced to swim in barrels until they were exhausted. The times were noted to establish the effective dose of the extracts in rats. After establishing the effective dose, the rats were then sacrificed and assessed for various biochemical parameters.

RESULTS: SBT leaf aqueous extracts (200 and 800 mg kg−1 BW) markedly prolonged the swim time of rats. Supplementation with SBT leaf aqueous extracts helped reduce the exhaustive exercise‐induced increase in malondialdehyde level and selenium‐dependent glutathione peroxidase activity. Alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase levels were lowered in the exhaustive exercise with SBT treatment group (E + SBT) compared with the exhaustive exercise group (E).

CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that SBT leaf aqueous extract supplements can enhance exercise capacity and protect against oxidative damage caused by exhaustive exercise in rats. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Enhancement of soluble dietary fibre, polyphenols and antioxidant properties of chapatis prepared from whole wheat flour dough treated with amylases and xylanase
Authors: Hemalatha Mysore S , Bhagwat Suresh G , Salimath Paramahans V , Rao Ummiti JS Prasada
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND: Chapati preparation involves various processing steps such as mixing the flour into dough, sheeting and baking. During these processing steps, flour components are likely to undergo changes in their nutrient and polyphenol composition and their antioxidant properties due to phenol‐mediated crosslinking of proteins and carbohydrates. Therefore, in the present study, changes in nutritional, nutraceutical and antioxidant properties of chapatis prepared from doughs treated with amylases and xylanase were determined.

RESULTS: An increase in insoluble dietary fibre content and a decrease in soluble polyphenol content were observed during preparation of control chapatis from whole wheat flours. However, significant increases in soluble dietary fibre and soluble polyphenol contents were observed in chapatis prepared from amylase‐treated doughs compared with control chapatis. Extracts of chapatis prepared from amylase‐ and xylanase‐treated doughs showed better antioxidant properties than extracts of control chapatis. Among these enzyme treatments, chapatis prepared from amylase‐treated doughs showed better antioxidant properties than chapatis prepared from xylanase‐treated doughs. High‐performance liquid chromatography analysis of extracts of chapatis prepared from doughs treated with amylases showed the presence of potential antioxidant phenolic acids such as caffeic, gentisic and syringic acids in addition to the phenolic acids present in control chapatis.

CONCLUSION: Treatment of doughs with amylases increased the contents of soluble dietary fibre and soluble polyphenols as well as improving the antioxidant properties of chapatis. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of roads on survival of San Clemente Island foxes
Authors: Snow Nathan P. , Andelt William F. , Stanley Thomas R. , Resnik Jessica R. , Munson Linda
Published: September 2011

Roads generate a variety of influences on wildlife populations; however, little is known about the effects of roads on endemic wildlife on islands. Specifically, road‐kills of island foxes (Urocyon littoralis) on San Clemente Island (SCI), Channel Islands, California, USA are a concern for resource managers. To determine the effects of roads on island foxes, we radiocollared foxes using a 3‐tiered sampling design to represent the entire population in the study area, a sub‐population near roads, and a sub‐population away from roads on SCI. We examined annual survival rates using nest‐survival models, causes of mortalities, and movements for each sample. We found the population had high annual survival (0.90), although survival declined with use of road habitat, particularly for intermediate‐aged foxes. Foxes living near roads suffered lower annual survival (0.76), resulting from high frequencies of road‐kills (7 of 11 mortalities). Foxes living away from roads had the highest annual survival (0.97). Road‐kill was the most prominent cause of mortality detected on SCI, which we estimated as killing 3–8% of the population in the study area annually. Based on movements, we were unable to detect any responses by foxes that minimized their risks from roads. The probabilities of road‐kills increased with use of the road habitat, volume of traffic, and decreasing road sinuosity. We recommend that managers should attempt to reduce road‐kills by deterring or excluding foxes from entering roads, and attempting to modify behaviors of motorists to be vigilant for foxes. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Perspectives on specialization in school psychology training and practice
Authors: Reynolds Cecil R.
Published: September 2011

School psychology is a professional practice specialty in the broader field of the profession of psychology. As such, the discipline of school psychology must meet certain standards and criteria to retain its identity and official designation as a professional specialty. Likewise, practitioners of school psychology are professionals themselves and must meet standards and criteria of preparation and continuing education to maintain their professional status. The growth of knowledge and the demands being made on school psychologists to acquire a broad range of knowledge and skills in sufficient depth to allow competent practice is outstripping the reasonableness of training in the field, which assumes that school psychologists should be competent to practice in all areas of practice demand. Specialization within the field of school psychology, a de facto but officially unrecognized occurrence in many areas for at least several decades, offers a solution to this dilemma of training and practice and should be formally recognized and promoted by the profession. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Radical addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of ferrocenyl (Meth)acrylates
Authors: Herfurth Christoph , Voll Dominik , Buller Jens , Weiss Jan , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Laschewsky André
Published: September 2011

We report on the controlled free radical homopolymerization of 1‐ferrocenylethyl acrylate as well as of three new ferrocene bearing monomers, namely 4‐ferrocenylbutyl acrylate, 2‐ferrocenylamido‐2‐methylpropyl acrylate, and 4‐ferrocenylbutyl methacrylate, by the RAFT technique. For comparison, the latter monomer was polymerized using ATRP, too. The ferrocene containing monomers were found to be less reactive than their analogues free of ferrocene. The reasons for the low polymerizability are not entirely clear. As the addition of free ferrocene to the reaction mixture did not notably affect the polymerizations, sterical hindrance by the bulky ferrocene moiety fixed on the monomers seems to be the most probable explanation. Molar masses found for 1‐ferrocenylethyl acrylate did not exceed 10,000 g mol−1, while for 4‐ferrocenylbutyl (meth)acrylate molar masses of 15,000 g mol−1 could be obtained. With PDIs as low as 1.3 in RAFT polymerization of the monomers, good control over the polymerization was achieved. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Multichannel detection using transmissive diffraction grating sensor
Authors: Mao Depeng , Liu Peng , Dong Liang
Published: September 2011

We report a novel transmissive diffraction grating pH sensor made of pH‐sensitive hydrogel. The sensor provides inherently multichannels for a flexible selection of different detection ranges, without involving any additional tuning mechanisms or using multiple sensing elements. Each transmitted diffraction order from the hydrogel grating forms an individual detection channel dedicated to a specific pH range. This unique feature is achieved, simply by enabling hydrogel ridges of the grating to swell effectively in lateral directions, while inhibiting the ridges from swelling in vertical direction and keeping grating period unchanged. Thus by looking at different diffraction orders and measuring their intensity ratio, it is possible to achieve tunable dynamic detection range. Besides, this approach can lead to a high‐sensitivity sensor for detecting subtle pH variations in a narrow pH range near the volume‐phase transition point of hydrogel, with the resolution at the level of 10−3 pH units. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011