bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Biazoti André Ruoppolo , Nakamura Angélica Campos , Nagib Gustavo , Leão Vitória Oliveira Pereira de Souza , Giacchè Giulia , Mauad Thais
Published: June 2021

During the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, farmers worldwide were greatly affected by disruptions in the food chain. In 2020, São Paulo city experienced most of the effects of the pandemic in Brazil, with 15,587 deaths through December 2020. Here, we describe the impacts of COVID-19 on urban agriculture (UA) in São Paulo from April to August 2020. We analyzed two governmental surveys of 2100 farmers from São Paulo state and 148 from São Paulo city and two qualitative surveys of volunteers from ten community gardens and seven urban farmers. Our data showed that 50% of the farmers were impacted by the pandemic with drops in sales, especially those that depended on intermediaries. Some farmers in the city adapted to novel sales channels, but 22% claimed that obtaining inputs became difficult. No municipal support was provided to UA in São Paulo, and pre-existing issues were exacerbated. Work on community gardens decreased, but no garden permanently closed. Post COVID-19, UA will have the challenge of maintaining local food chains established during the pandemic. Due to the increase in the price of inputs and the lack of technical assistance, governmental efforts should be implemented to support UA.
Estimation of Citizens’ Willingness to Pay for the Implementation of Payment for Local Forest Ecosystem Services: The Case of Taxes and Donations
Authors: Jo Jang-Hwan , Lee Chang-Bae , Cho Hye-Jung , Lee Jukwan
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine a valid strategy for implementing payment for the local forest ecosystem services (local forest PES) by considering citizens’ willingness to pay (WTP) and the resource types utilized (taxes and donations). A total of 1000 citizens responded to an online survey, which consisted of questions related to respondents’ socio-demographics, predicting factors (i.e., political orientation, personal tie to the region) of their willingness to pay (WTP), and their willingness to pay for a bundle of 10 different forest ecosystem services (ESs) in the region of the Yeoninsan provincial park in Gapyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. The estimation of the respondents’ WTP for the promotion of the forest management activities, which enhances the ES bundle of the local forest, was 14,315–20,216 KRW (12.75–18.00 USD) per year in taxes and 12,258–26,518 KRW (10.92–23.61 USD) per year in donations. This study also revealed that the predicting factors influencing the respondents’ WTP for the promotion of the local forest ESs differed according to the financial resource type (taxes and donations). The results of this study are meaningful in that they can be used as empirical basic data in estimating payments and preparing measures to secure financial resources when designing payments for the ecosystem services for the local forest.
A Comparative Study between Government Support and Energy Efficiency in Malaysian Transport
Authors: Solaymani Saeed , Sharafi Saeed
Published: June 2021

The 2030 Agenda states that sustainable transport systems, as well as other associated energy systems and policies, would create a strong economic foundation for all countries. In this regard, countries need to pay more attention to their transport systems. This has been accomplished through a great deal of work and policies that they can enact, such as improving fuel efficiency and government support. Therefore, this study attempts to compare the impact of a 10% increase in government subsidies and a 5% increase in improvement in fuel efficiency to the transport subsectors in Malaysia using a computable general equilibrium model (CGE). Results suggest that fuel efficiency improvement is an effective policy in increasing economic growth, exports, investment, and household consumption for the entire economy. While both policies increase output, employment, investment, and household use across the transport subsectors, except water transport, the magnitude of the impacts is greater for improving fuel efficiency policy. Improving fuel efficiency, despite the reduction in energy consumption in the land and water transportation subsectors, has led to a rebound in the air and other transport subsectors. However, increasing government subsidies to transport subsectors increases energy consumption and CO2 emissions in these subsectors. The outcomes of this policy can be used for the future of sustainable development in Malaysian transportation systems.
The Linkage Mechanism between Environment-Related Rules and Environment-Related Efficiency of Industries in China: An Analysis Based on the Adaptive Semi-Parametric Panel Model
Authors: Wang Di
Published: June 2021

This study employed the adaptive semi-parameter model to determine the effects of environment-related rules (environment-related rules refer to laws and regulations in relation to environmental protection) on environment-related efficiency (environment-related efficiency refers to the environmental efficiency of a wide range of industries). In addition, the threshold regression model was employed to determine the industry threshold effect of environment-related rules on environment-related efficiency. The following conclusions were primarily drawn: (1) A U-shaped curve relationship was identified between the effect of environment-related rules and the environment-related efficiency of the broader national industry; (2) A threshold effect is exerted on environment-related efficiency, and under the effect exerted by environment-related rule below the lower limit of the optimal interval, environment-related rule policies cannot play a corresponding role, while the effect of environment-related rules is high. When the upper limit of the optimal interval is set, environment-related rules will exert extensively strong effects, which leads to the unsustainable development of the industry and distorts the industry’s development. The government is required to roll out different environment-related rule policies in accordance with the industry differences and the development stages of respective industries, fully exploit such environment-related rule policies for industries and technologies, optimize the environment-related rules system, and harmoniously advance industries, the economy, and the environment. Given the empirical results, it is critical to enhance the effect exerted by environment-related rules in the mining and manufacturing industries, elevate their technical level, and develop a positive relationship between the effect exerted by environment-related rules and environment-related efficiency enhancements. While China’s current environment-related rule policy imposes no discrimination between pollution-intensive industries and cleaner production industries, these industries should be treated differently in the days ahead.
An Artificial Intelligence-Based Model for Prediction of Parameters Affecting Sustainable Growth of Mobile Banking Apps
Authors: Cavus Nadire , Mohammed Yakubu Bala , Yakubu Mohammed Nasiru
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, mobile banking apps are becoming an integral part of people lives due to its suppleness and convenience. Despite these benefits, yet its growth in evolving states is beyond expectations. However, using mobiles devices to conduct financial transactions involved a lot of risk. This paper aims to investigate customers’ reasons for non-usage of the new conduits in developing countries with distinct interest in Nigeria. The study adopts two methods of analysis, artificial intelligence-based methods (AI), and structural equations modeling (SEM). A feed-forward neural network (FFNN) sensitivity examination technique was used to choose the most dominant parameters of mobile banking data collected from 823 respondents. Four algebraic directories were used to corroborate the study AI-based model. The study AI results found risk, trust, facilitating conditions, and inadequate digital laws to be the most dominant parameters that affect mobile banking growth in Nigeria, and discovered social influence and service quality to have no influence on Nigerians’ resolve to use moveable banking apps. Moreover, the results proved the superiority of AI-based models above the classical models. Government and pecuniary institutes can use the study outcomes to ensure secured services offering, and improve growth. Finally, the study suggests some areas for future studies.
Grassland Subsidies Increase the Number of Livestock on the Tibetan Plateau: Why Does the “Payment for Ecosystem Services” Policy Have the Opposite Outcome?
Authors: Yu Yan , Wu Ya , Wang Pan , Zhang Yili , Yang Liang Emlyn , Cheng Xian , Yan Jianzhong
Published: June 2021

The Grassland Ecological Protection Award Policy was implemented to address severe grassland degradation in China. This policy utilizes grassland subsidies as an incentive to control the number of livestock and has become the largest payment for ecosystem services program. Although many studies have analyzed the performance of this policy, it remains controversial as to whether grassland subsidies are effective at reducing the number of livestock; moreover, there is still a lack of quantitative studies on the roles of household livelihood assets and livelihood strategies in reducing the number of livestock. On the basis of the sustainable livelihood framework, this paper constructed an analytical framework to research how grassland subsidies affect the number of livestock under the effects of different livelihood capitals and local socioecological contexts. After choosing the Pumqu River Basin of the Tibetan Plateau as the research area, this study classified sample households on the basis of grassland sizes and then examined the effects of grassland subsidies on the number of livestock of different groups of rural households by considering livelihood capital. The results showed that (1) for all the sample households, grassland subsidies caused herdsmen to raise more livestock, which was contrary to the expectation of the grassland protection policy. The invalidation of grassland subsidies was mainly caused by the poor design and implementation of the policy at the local level. (2) In addition, for rural households with different grassland sizes, the subsidies could be effective in reducing the number of livestock for households with small grassland sizes while increasing the number of livestock for households with large grassland sizes. This indicates that some supporting policies and measures for households with smaller grassland sizes should be provided to stimulate the reduction in the number of livestock, and for households with large grassland areas, grassland circulation should be encouraged to promote the large-scale production of livestock husbandry. The finding of this study can help governments to formulate policies tailored towards appropriate subsidies for addressing grassland degradation.
Recreational Harvest of Sharks and Rays in Western Australia Is Only a Minor Component of the Total Harvest
Authors: Braccini Matias , Lai Eva , Ryan Karina , Taylor Stephen
Published: June 2021

Sharks and rays are a global conservation concern with an increasing number of species considered at risk of extinction, mostly due to overfishing. Although the recreational harvest of sharks and rays is poorly documented and generally minimal, it can be comparable to the commercial harvest. In this study, we quantified the recreational harvest of sharks and rays in Western Australia, a region with a marine coastline greater than 20,000 km. A total of 33 species/taxonomic groups were identified, with the harvest dominated by dusky and bronze whalers, blacktip reef sharks, gummy sharks, Port Jackson sharks, wobbegongs, and rays and skates. Eighty-five percent of individuals were released with an unknown status (alive or dead). We found a latitudinal gradient of species composition, with tropical and subtropical species of the genus Carcharhinus dominating in the north and temperate species from a range of families dominating in the south. Overall, our findings showed that the recreational harvest was negligible when compared with commercial landings.
Tactile Architectural Drawings—Practical Application and Potential of Architectural Typhlographics
Authors: Kłopotowska Agnieszka , Magdziak Monika
Published: June 2021

The subject of research conducted by the team from the Bialystok University of Technology is architectural typhlographics—a kind of specialised tactile drawings dedicated to people with visual impairments. The aim of the publication is to present the specificity of this type of architectural graphics and to indicate the areas of its usefulness. Based on professional experience, available thematic literature, as well as specialist consultations, the authors made a multi-criteria analysis and valorisation of the obtained set of examples of architectural typhlographs. The result of the research is to indicate the main fields of current application, and to outline the potential and possible directions of further development of tactile architectural drawings. The specifics of the examined graphics are also presented, including their functionality, possible forms of representations and differences from typical architectural representations. The historical background of the typhlographics as well as the main principles of their creation are presented, as the supplement and basis for the author’s considerations. The research also showed the broad utility and social values of architectural typhlographs and the priorities for their further development.
Soil Nutrient and Vegetation Diversity Patterns of Alpine Wetlands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Ma Muyuan , Zhu Yaojun , Wei Yuanyun , Zhao Nana
Published: June 2021

To predict the consequences of environmental change on the biodiversity of alpine wetlands, it is necessary to understand the relationship between soil properties and vegetation biodiversity. In this study, we investigated spatial patterns of aboveground vegetation biomass, cover, species diversity, and their relationships with soil properties in the alpine wetlands of the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China. Furthermore, the relative contribution of soil properties to vegetation biomass, cover, and species diversity were compared using principal component analysis and multiple regression analysis. Generally, the relationship between plant biomass, coverage, diversity, and soil nutrients was linear or unimodal. Soil pH, bulk density and organic carbon were also significantly correlated to plant diversity. The soil attributes differed in their relative contribution to changes in plant productivity and diversity. pH had the highest contribution to vegetation biomass and species richness, while total nitrogen was the highest contributor to vegetation cover and nitrogen–phosphorus ratio (N:P) was the highest contributor to diversity. Both vegetation productivity and diversity were closely related to soil properties, and soil pH and the N:P ratio play particularly important roles in wetland vegetation biomass, cover, and diversity.
The Drawing and Perception of Architectural Spaces through Immersive Virtual Reality
Authors: Gómez-Tone Hugo C. , Bustamante Escapa John , Bustamante Escapa Paola , Martin-Gutierrez Jorge
Published: June 2021

The technologies that have sought to intervene in the architectural drawing process have focused on the sense of sight, leaving aside the use of the hands and the entire body that together achieve more sensory designs. Nowadays, to the benefit of the draftsman, that ideal scenery in which sight, hands and body work holistically is returning thanks to Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR). The purpose of this research is to analyze the perception of two-dimensionally drawn spaces, the drawing of such spaces through three-dimensional sketches in IVR, and both the perception of 3D sketched spaces and those which are also modeled realistically in IVR. First and fifth year architecture students went through the four phases of the experiment: (a) the perception of a space based on 2D sketches, (b) real-scale 3D space drawing in IVR, (c) the perception of a space drawn in 3D in IVR, and (d) the perception of the same space realistically modeled in 3D in IVR. Through three questionnaires and a grading sheet, the data was obtained. The perception of two-dimensionally drawn spaces was high (70.8%), while the precision of a space drawn in an IVR was even higher (83.9%). The real or natural scale in which the spaces can be experienced in an IVR is the characteristic that was most recognized by the students; however, this and the other qualities did not allow for a reliable conclusion for a homogeneous perception of sensations within the virtual spaces.
Biopolymer and Biomaterial Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanomaterials as Prostate Cancer Theranostic Agents: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Rayhan Md. Abu , Hossen Md. Sakib , Niloy Mahruba Sultana , Bhuiyan Mozammel Haque , Paul Sudip , Shakil Md. Salman
Published: June 2021

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and the leading cause of death for men all over the world. Early diagnosis is the key to start treatment at an early stage of PCa and to reduce the death toll. Generally, PCa expresses characteristic morphologic features and serum biomarkers; however, early diagnosis is challenging due to its heterogeneity and long-term indolent phase in the early stage. Following positive diagnosis, PCa patients receive conventional treatments including surgery, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, focal therapy, and chemotherapy to enhance survival time and alleviate PCa-related complications. However, these treatment strategies have both short and long-term side effects, notably impotence, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunctions, and recurrence of cancer. These limitations warrant the quest for novel PCa theranostic agents with robust diagnostic and therapeutic potentials to lessen the burden of PCa-related suffering. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have recently drawn attention for their symmetrical usage in the diagnosis and treatment of several cancer types. Here, we performed a systematic search in four popular online databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science) for the articles regarding PCa and IONPs. Published literature confirmed that the surface modification of IONPs with biopolymers and diagnostic biomarkers improved the early diagnosis of PCa, even in the metastatic stage with reliable accuracy and sensitivity. Furthermore, fine-tuning of IONPs with biopolymers, nucleic acids, anticancer drugs, and bioactive compounds can improve the therapeutic efficacy of these anticancer agents against PCa. This review covers the symmetrical use of IONPs in the diagnosis and treatment of PCa, investigates their biocompatibility, and examines their potential as PCa theranostic agents.
Evaluating Polishability of Zirconia Impregnated PMMA Nanocomposite for Denture Base Application
Authors: Zidan Saleh , Silikas Nikolaos , Haider Julfikar , Jahantigh Javad , Alhareb Ahmed , Yates Julian
Published: June 2021

Artificial biomaterials are being developed for use in denture base with symmetrical properties to restore the aesthetics and functionalities. The rough surface of denture base resin promotes the adhesion of microorganisms and plaque accumulation. This study aimed to explore the consequences of polishing times on the surface roughness of high-impact (HI) heat-polymerized PMMA denture base acrylic resin reinforced with zirconia nanoparticles (nanocomposite). Thirty specimens (25 ± 0.50 mm in diameter and 2 ± 0.10 mm thickness) were fabricated from HI PMMA by adding zirconia nanoparticles at different concentrations of (0 wt.%, 1.5 wt.%, 3 wt.%, 5 wt.%, 7 wt.%, and 10 wt.%). Specimens were divided into six groups (n = 5) and surface roughness (Ra) was measured before and after polishing with a standard protocol for one and two minutes. The addition of zirconia in PMMA at low concentrations (1.5 wt.%, 3 wt.%, and 5 wt.%) did not negatively affect the surface finish of the denture base composites following conventional polishing and remained below the clinically acceptable limit (0.2 µm). After one minute of polishing, only the 10 wt.% zirconia (0.17 ± 0.03 µm) demonstrated a substantial rise in median surface roughness, in comparison with the control group (0.11 ± 0.01 µm). It is concluded that the group containing 3 wt.% (0.10 ± 0.01 µm) of zirconia is the optimum concentration to obtain the best symmetrical surface finish after two minutes of polishing.
Central Nervous System and Ocular Manifestations in Puumala Hantavirus Infection
Authors: Hautala Nina , Partanen Terhi , Kubin Anna-Maria , Kauma Heikki , Hautala Timo
Published: June 2021

Puumala hantavirus (PUUV), carried and spread by the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), causes a mild form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) called nephropathia epidemica (NE). Acute high fever, acute kidney injury (AKI), thrombocytopenia, and hematuria are typical features of this syndrome. In addition, headache, blurred vision, insomnia, vertigo, and nausea are commonly associated with the disease. This review explores the mechanisms and presentations of ocular and central nervous system involvement in acute NE.
Effect of Edema Disease Vaccination on Mortality and Growth Parameters in Nursery Pigs in a Shiga Toxin 2e Positive Commercial Farm
Authors: Mesonero-Escuredo Susana , Morales Joaquín , Mainar-Jaime Raúl Carlos , Díaz Gonzalo , Arnal José Luís , Casanovas Carlos , Barrabés Sergio , Segalés Joaquim
Published: June 2021

Diseases caused by Escherichia coli are recognized as major problems in the swine industry, one of them being edema disease (ED). Importantly, the current decrease in antibiotic use may cause difficulties in controlling the disorders caused by E. coli. Therefore, this study assessed the efficacy of a commercial vaccine against ED in nursery pigs from a farm with previous history of ED. A total of 1344 pigs were monitored; half of them were randomly assigned to a vaccinated group (VG) and the other half to a non-vaccinated group (NVG). The vaccine was administered at 7 days of age. Animals received a pre-starter feed with 2500 ppm of zinc oxide (ZnO) for 2 weeks and a starter feed without ZnO for another 3 weeks. Pen-group weights were recorded at 28 (weaning), 42 (end of pre-starter phase), and 63 days of life (end of nursery phase). Death/culling rates, average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were calculated for each group at each phase. The overall relative risk of dying/being culled for a pig in the NVG was 5 times higher than that of the VG group but increased to 12 times higher during the starter period. ADG and ADFI were also significantly higher in the VG group for that period. Vaccination against ED significantly reduced pig losses and improved ADG and ADFI, particularly when ZnO was not used.
Passive Immunization of Chickens with Anti-Enterobactin Egg Yolk Powder for Campylobacter Control
Authors: Wang Huiwen , Zeng Ximin , Cao Liu , He Qiang , Lin Jun
Published: June 2021

Enterobactin (Ent) is a highly conserved and important siderophore for the growth of many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Therefore, targeting Ent for developing innovative intervention strategies has attracted substantial research interest in recent years. Recently, we developed a novel Ent conjugate vaccine that has been demonstrated to be effective for controlling Gram-negative pathogens using both in vitro and in vivosystems. In particular, active immunization of chickens with the Ent conjugate vaccine elicited strong immune responses and significantly reduced intestinal colonization of Campylobacter jejuni, the leading foodborne bacterial pathogen. Given that hyperimmune egg yolk immunoglobulin Y (IgY) has been increasingly recognized as a promising and practical non-antibiotic approach for passive immune protection against pathogens in livestock, in this study, we assessed the efficacy of oral administration of broiler chickens with the anti-Ent hyperimmune egg yolk powder to control C. jejuni colonization in the intestine. However, supplementation of feed with 2% (w/w) of anti-Ent egg yolk powder failed to reduce C. jejuni colonization when compared to the control group. Consistent with this finding, the ELISA titers of the specific IgY in cecum, ileum, duodenum, gizzard, and serum contents were similar between the two groups throughout the trial. Chicken intestinal microbiota also did not change in response to the egg yolk powder treatment. Subsequently, to examine ex vivo stability of the egg yolk IgY, the chicken gizzard and duodenum contents from two independent sources were spiked with the egg yolk antibodies, incubated at 42 °C for different lengths of time, and subjected to ELISA analysis. The specific IgY titers were dramatically decreased in gizzard contents (up to 2048-fold) but were not changed in duodenum contents. Collectively, oral administration of broiler chickens with the anti-Ent egg yolk powder failed to confer protection against intestinal colonization of C. jejuni, which was due to instability of the IgY in gizzard contents as demonstrated by both in vivo and ex vivo evidence.
Mapping Global Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and Recent Vaccine Development to Tackle It
Authors: Ma Chaoying , McClean Siobhán
Published: June 2021

Acinetobacter baumannii is a leading cause of nosocomial infections that severely threaten public health. The formidable adaptability and resistance of this opportunistic pathogen have hampered the development of antimicrobial therapies which consequently leads to very limited treatment options. We mapped the global prevalence of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii and showed that carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii is widespread throughout Asia and the Americas. Moreover, when antimicrobial resistance rates of Acinetobacter spp. exceed a threshold level, the proportion of A. baumannii isolates from clinical samples surges. Therefore, vaccines represent a realistic alternative strategy to tackle this pathogen. Research into anti-A. baumannii vaccines have enhanced in the past decade and multiple antigens have been investigated preclinically with varying results. This review summarises the current knowledge of virulence factors relating to A. baumannii–host interactions and its implication in vaccine design, with a view to understanding the current state of A. baumannii vaccine development and the direction of future efforts.
Sustainable Economic Solution to Prevent the Wasted Cold Water in the Start of Shower Time Using Low Cost In-Line Electrical Heater with MISO Fuzzy Logic Controller
Authors: Mahmoud Muhammad M. A. S.
Published: June 2021

This paper discusses domestic problem of waiting hot water for the shower use till it reaches satisfactory temperature, which result a lot of wastage in fresh water. The outcome from research survey shows that there is no satisfactory solution till now as all solutions were either expensive or with no effective results. Local small inline electric heater equipped with fuzzy logic controller is proposed in this paper to be installed just before the showerhead to measure the water temperature and flow before the showerhead, as control input-variables, and decide the operating voltage of the heater, as control output-variable. Matlab Simulink is used to model the proposed system. Different test cases are simulated to prove the performance and the safe operation of the system. Techno-economic study is carried out to determine the “Direct Benefits” and “Indirect Benefits” that can be achieved if such system is implemented in wide range. Azerbaijan data is taken as an example to calculate the economic benefits. The results show important benefits not only for economy, that can increase fresh water sales opportunity to 545,088,171.52 $, but also for climate and the reduction of greenhouse gas emission. Different economic indices are provided to be an easy reference for decision makers and project managers.
Metocean Criteria for Internal Solitary Waves Obtained from Numerical Models
Authors: Ali Liaqat , Makhdoom Nageena , Gao Yifan , Fang Pan , Khan Sikandar , Bai Yong
Published: June 2021

A numerical model in slice configuration was applied to the Central Andaman Sea in order to derive metocean operational and design criteria associated to internal solitary waves which are large amplitude interfacial waves. For that purpose, a 10 year hindcast was generated. The model was driven by tides at the open boundary and included realistic stratification and topography. The results have been compared to data mostly taken from satellites and proved to be accurate in determining parameters such as phase speed and interpacket distance. The phase speeds range from 2.21 m/s in March to 2.5 m/s in November. Corresponding interpacket distances range from 99 km to 111 km in close agreement with available data. According to the model results internal solitary waves are more/less frequent in March/August. Model outputs were specifically analyzed at 2 arbitrary locations. Maximum current speeds obtained with the model at those locations occur in November reaching a value close to 1.5 m/s. The computed velocities associated to return periods of 1, 10, 50, 100 and 1000 years are, respectively, 1.67 m/s, 1.76 m/s, 1.8 m/s, 1.81 m/s and 1.84 m/s.
Analysis of the clinical manifestations of cerebral stroke in patients with the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19)
Authors: Andreev Vladislav V. , Podunov Alexander Y. , Lapin Daniil S. , Gilyaeva Zarema L. , Nikiforova Ekaterina N. , Golikov Konstantin V. , Rudenko Dmitry I.
Published: June 2021

Objective: To improve the diagnosis and treatment of acute cerebrovascular accident in patients with community-acquired pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Materials and methods: For the first time, clinical manifestations of strokes in patients with diagnosed new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) were analyzed in 130 patients. The study was conducted in two groups. The main group consisted of 69,2 % (n = 90) with a clinical and instrumental diagnosis: novel coronavirus infection in combination with stroke. The control group (30,8 %; n = 40) included the cases of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke without signs of SARS-CoV-2. In both groups, the severity of the disease and pathogenetic subtypes were compared, and the features of the laboratory biochemical data were studied. Statistical analysis of the outcomes was carried out taking into account the severity of brain and lung tissue damage. Results: In patients with cerebral stroke against the background of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19), the prevalence of ischemic stroke cases (86,4 %) was noted for undetermined (41,4 %) and cardioembolic (35,7 %) pathogenetic subtypes (according to TOAST) with localization in the carotid basin (89,7 %). In hemorrhagic stroke, parenchymal hemorrhage was observed with a greater frequency (54,5 %). The severity of the diagnosed strokes according to the NIHSS scale was up to 13,16 (8,80) points with less severe brain damage — Glasgow coma scale (14,0 (12,0 15,0). In the group of the patients, a widespread lesion of the lung tissue was diagnosed in 82,2 % of cases. No significant increase in the incidence of clinically significant manifestations of systemic and organ hypercoagulation was established. Conclusions: In stroke patients with COVID-19, ischemic manifestations with undetermined and cardioembolic subtypes without age and gender features prevail, with no differences in the severity of the course and a large number of favorable outcomes. A high activity of inflammatory and infectious changes was established by clinical laboratory.
A case of a successful two-stage surgical treatment of an hourglass-shaped thoracic schwannoma
Authors: Ryumina Yuliya Igorevna , Cherebillo Vladislav Yurievich , Grigoriev Gleb Borisovich
Published: June 2021

Hourglass schwannomas extending into the spinal canal, foramen intervertebrale and thoracic cavity are rare. Their surgical treatment presents a difficult task, and there is no consensus regarding the optimal approach to its solution. This article describes a surgical strategy consisting in performing a combined approach: removal of the intracanal component of the schwannoma through hemilaminectomy and, in the second stage, removal of the interpleural component by video-assisted thoracoscopy. This approach allows for safe resection at adequate angles of view with a low risk of spinal instability, pain or complications from the respiratory system in the postoperative period.
Features of nutrition and vitamin and mineral prevention in young people during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Zharova Yulia Sergeevna , Dudareva Victoria Andreevna , Maksimov Maksim Leonidovich , Dyadikova Irina Glebovna , Ismailova Malika Anarbekovna
Published: June 2021

Purpose of researh was making recommendations on diet for students in self-isolation mode, taking into account the analysis of their nutrition. Methods. A representative group was formed by random sampling. The study involved 40 students (23 women and 17 men) of Rostov State Medical University, average age 22.5 years ± 1 year (group 1). To create the database, we used the human nutritional analysis program, version 1.2.4., Registered by the Russian Agency for Patents and Trademarks 02/09/04 No. 2004610397 GUNII Nutrition RAMS. Comparison of the results was carried out with a similar group outside the conditions of self-isolation caused by the pandemic covid-19 (control group). Results. In the group of women surveyed, the energy value of the diet was 1832.77 kcal. The daily amount of incoming protein is 66.6 g, fat — 97.3 g (45 % more than the recommended amount), carbohydrates — 167.87 g (42 % lower than normal). The content of trace elements: sodium — 124 % more than normal, phosphorus — 43 %. At the same time, the content of other trace elements and vitamins is less than necessary: calcium — by 18 %, magnesium — by 39 %, vitamin B1 — by 55 %, vitamin B2 — by 35 %, niacin — by 45 %. In the group of men surveyed, the energy value of the diet was 1848.24 kcal; the amount of protein consumed — 66.93 g, fat — 97.7 g (20 % higher than normal), carbohydrates — 169.6 g (53 % less than the recommended amount). The content of trace elements: sodium — 123 % more than normal, phosphorus — 46 %. There is a lack of intake of many trace elements and vitamins: calcium — 15 % less than recommended, magnesium — 38 %, vitamin B1–54 %, vitamin B2–32 %, niacin — 45 %. Conclusion. In general, we can conclude that the nutrition of the students surveyed does not correspond to the current situation. Although the energy value of the daily diet is optimal, the ratio of macro- and micronutrients is violated. Recommendations are given to reduce the consumption of foods containing fats and phosphorus, in favor of foods containing complex carbohydrates, as well as vitamins B1, B2, niacin, magnesium and calcium. The need to minimize the consumption of salt, sugar, saturated and trans isomers of fatty acids is noted. It is also recommended in conditions of self-isolation to add specialized and fortified foods, as well as vitamin-mineral complexes, to the diet.
Menggagas Penggunaan Benih dalam Perayaan Paskah: Analisis Biblikal Yohanes 12:20-26
Authors: Nainggolan Alon Mandimpu , Labobar Yuni Feni
Published: June 2021

Easter is one of the most important Christian and Catholic holidays and dates back to the church in the first century until today. The Passover holiday reminds Christians how Jesus died and was resurrected for the sake of human salvation. There are many ways Christians celebrate Easter, but the most popular of which is Easter is identified with eggs. This study aims to increase understanding of church traditions, especially easter eggs which are believed to have no biblical basis because the Lord Jesus in his ministry never used them as illustrations to explain His death and resurrection. The research method chosen is descriptive qualitative with literature study and exposition approach on the text on John 12:20-26. Celebrating Easter according to Bible standards is very significant today and in the future. That is why taking up Jesus' parable of the wheat is an offer for the church today to gain a relevant understanding of the Passover. Easter celebrations using plant seeds become a symbol of survival for oneself, family, church, environment, and government.AbstrakPaskah adalah salah satu hari raya Kristen dan Katolik yang sangat penting, dan telah dimulai sejak gereja abad pertama hingga saat ini. Hari raya Paskah mengingatkan orang Kristen bagai-mana Yesus mati dan dibangkitkan demi keselamatan manusia. Beragam cara orang Kristen da-lam merayakan hari raya paskah, namun yang paling populer paskah diidentikkan dengan telur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mengenai tradisi gereja, khususnya telur paskah yang diyakini tidak memiliki dasar Alkitab, karena Tuhan Yesus dalam pelayanannya tidak pernah menggunakannya sebagai ilustrasi untuk menjelaskan kematian dan kebangkitan-Nya. Metode penelitian yang dipilih adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi kepustakaan dan pendekatan eksposisi pada teks Yohanes 12:20-26. Merayakan paskah sesuai stan-dar Alkitab adalah sangat signifikan di masa kini dan di masa mendatang. Itu sebab-nya, mengangkat perumpamaan Yesus tentang biji gandum menjadi tawaran bagi ge-reja saat ini untuk memperoleh pemahaman yang relevan tentang paskah. Perayaan paskah dengan menggunakan benih tumbuh-tumbuhan menjadi simbol keberlang-sungan hidup bagi diri sendiri, keluarga, gereja, lingkungan hidup dan pemerintah.
Percepção de enfermeiros sobre seu papel gerencial, competências e desafios no cotidiano da Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Assunção Mariana Neiva , Amaro Marilane Oliveira Fani , Carvalho Camilo Amaro de , Siman Andréia Guerra
Published: June 2021

Objetivou-se compreender a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o seu papel gerencial, analisar as competências para o exercício da gerência em enfermagem e identificar os desafios gerenciais vivenciados no cotidiano do enfermeiro da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 14 enfermeiros vinculados a Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) de um município mineiro. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos meses de março a abril de 2015 por meio de entrevistas e posteriormente foi realizado análise de conteúdo. Foram construídas três categorias temáticas: Concepções sobre o gerenciamento de enfermagem na APS; O despreparo anunciado como desafio gerencial e Competências requeridas e desafios inscritos no cotidiano gerencial da APS. Conclui-se que os enfermeiros têm noção das habilidades necessárias para o gerenciamento, entretanto, apontam como desafio a dificuldade de implementá-las em seu cotidiano de trabalho. Ademais, há um despreparo para exercer a função gerencial na APS atribuído à falta de educação permanente. Nota-se a necessidade de adoção de estratégias de capacitação profissional nessa área.
Mapeamento da rede de atenção ao idoso de uma região de Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais
Authors: Carvalho Elaine Regina Pereira , Almas Jordania Lindolfo , Caldas Maria Alice Junqueira
Published: June 2021

Introdução: O envelhecimento populacional é considerado um dos maiores desafios da Saúde Pública, principalmente nos países em desenvolvimento. É relevante conhecer a rede de atenção para que possam ser elaboradas políticas, programas e ações que atendam as suas especificidades. O objetivo foi identificar e mapear a rede de atenção a população idosa da região Norte de Juiz de Fora (MG), com a finalidade de discutir estratégias de ação. Metodologia: Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo que identifica os serviços ofertados aos idosos através de três etapas: listagem da rede de saúde; entrevistas com um representante; e uso de tecnologias de acesso livre da internet para mapear e catalogar os serviços ofertados. Resultados: De acordo com o Catálogo Social de Juiz de Fora, 30 serviços disponibilizam atividades de forma direta ou indiretamente; na internet foram encontradas cinco entidades que ofertam algum serviço, totalizando 35 locais que foram foco da pesquisa. Destes, 24 são serviços governamentais e 11 não governamentais, e 16 são da rede de saúde. Discussão: Dos serviços encontrados a maioria era composta por serviços de saúde, coordenada pela atenção primária indicando a necessidade de um sistema que tenha esta como coordenadora de outros serviços de saúde. Foi observado que as atividades estão frequentemente voltadas para ações individuais, com pouco enfoque para a coletividade, ações de prevenção de agravos e promoção de saúde. Considerações Finais: Espera-se que este estudo possa contribuir para futuros trabalhos que mobilizem a sociedade organizada e o Estado, no sentido de dar respostas as necessidades da população idosa, que tende a crescer ainda mais.
Potencialidades e limitações da visita domiciliar realizada por estudantes de medicina na disciplina de Saúde da Família e Comunidade
Authors: Silva Caroline Daniele , Costa Karina Mourão , Rocha Ana Carolina do Amaral Santos Carvalho , Almeida Thainá Scramim de , Lavinas Ingrid Piassá Malheiros , Reigada Carolina Lopes de Lima
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: analisar as experiências vivenciadas nas visitas domiciliares pelos estudantes de Medicina, visando identificar e discutir as potencialidades e as limitações desse instrumento. Métodos: trata-se de um relato de experiência que sumariza, organiza, descreve e avalia crítica e qualitativamente as experiências vivenciadas e sua contribuição na área de atuação. O estudo teve como base a análise temática dos portfólios feitos por estudantes que cursavam a disciplina Saúde da Família e Comunidade, entre agosto de 2015 e outubro de 2016, e que, no presente, são membros da Liga Acadêmica de Atenção Básica à Saúde (LAABS). Resultados: como potencialidades, destaca-se: a importância do trabalho em equipe; aproximação entre profissional de saúde e a realidade do paciente; desenvolvimento de vínculos com a população; avaliação da situação de saúde e das condições de vida da população; facilita a continuidade do cuidado; utilização de instrumentos que potencializam a visita domiciliar. Como limitações: o pouco tempo disponível para a visita; o horário escolhido inadequado para algumas famílias; a frustração quando o estudante não percebia adesão instantânea à mudança do estilo de vida pelo paciente. Conclusão: a visita domiciliar apresenta mais potencialidades do que limitações, visto que ela aprimora o trabalho em equipe e auxilia de forma concreta a criação e estabelecimento do vínculo junto à comunidade e suas famílias, com isso é possível realizar um trabalho contínuo e um melhor seguimento. A visita domiciliar é um bom método tanto para conhecer as famílias quanto para coleta de dados e cuidado em saúde.
Um incentivo à comida de verdade: Relato de experiência em Educação Alimentar e Nutricional com escolares
Authors: Santos Emmanuelle de Oliveira , Costa Jéssica Almeida Silva da , Netto Michele Pereira
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho objetiva relatar um projeto de educação alimentar e nutricional desenvolvido com escolares em uma escola municipal da cidade de Juiz de Fora - MG. No período de maio a junho de 2018, foram realizadas quatro intervenções através de atividades de até 60 minutos cada, com intervalo de uma semana. As ações contaram com: questionário; exposição verbal com incentivo ao diálogo; recursos lúdicos; e oficina culinária. Também foi realizada antropometria, seguindo recomendações do Ministério da Saúde, e para classificação de estado nutricional, utilizou-se o programa WHO AntroPlus®. Os resultados reforçaram a necessidade de ações de educação alimentar e nutricional. Quanto às atividades, houve boa aceitação, bem como compreensão, avaliada pelos comentários que traduziam, em suas palavras e contexto, o que lhes era ensinado. Notou-se que sequenciar o conteúdo, fazer uso de analogias e de abordagens lúdicas e participativas, foram escolhas que facilitaram o processo.
CINESUS: a discussão de saúde pública na universidade pela ótica do cinema
Authors: Dias Lineker Fernandes , Lima Caio Augusto de , Silvério Ana Carolina Lino , Oliveira Gabriela Fernandes de , Araújo Débora Maria Teixeira de , Ramos Amanda Ferreira , Carneiro Nicole Geovana Dias
Published: June 2021

O uso de filmes enquanto estratégia pedagógica para educação em saúde no ensino superior é uma forma efetiva de promover debate e reflexão através de recursos que despertem o interesse entre discentes. Objetivo: relatar a experiência de uma Liga Acadêmica de Saúde da Família e Comunidade, vinculada a uma faculdade de medicina de Minas Gerais, ao fazer uso de filmes para propor debates em saúde pública na Universidade, através de um projeto intitulado CineSUS. Métodos: A definição dos filmes e temática de cada evento era acordada em reuniões semanais da própria liga acadêmica. O evento foi delineado para ocorrer em um anfiteatro e, após exposição dos filmes, para que fosse realizado um diálogo entre os presentes sobre a temática trabalhada no curta ou longa-metragem. A tema de cada evento foi definido com base no Calendário de Saúde, disponibilizado pelo Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. Resultados: O projeto resultou na realização de cinco eventos que contaram com a presença de discentes de cursos da área da saúde e permitiu abordar, através do diálogo, temáticas relativas à homofobia, criação do Sistema Único de Saúde, cuidado em saúde mental, racismo e violência contra a mulher. Conclusão: Conclui-se, que eventos que fazem uso de recursos audiovisuais com subsequente debate sobre a temática abordada no filme servem para desenvolvimento de um olhar crítico-reflexivo entre os presentes, no que concerne às populações vulneráveis e políticas de saúde pública, bem como para desenvolvimento de competências para melhor trabalho em equipe entre seus propositores.
Auriculoterapia chinesa e saúde do trabalhador: uma experiência exitosa com agentes comunitários de saúde
Authors: Olanda Katyane de Kassia Rodrigues , Fonseca Betânia Moreira Cangussu
Published: June 2021

Introdução: A Organização Mundial de Saúde reconhece que o trabalho em serviços de saúde predispõe o trabalhador a fatores de riscos ocupacionais, e pesquisas evidenciaram que houve um crescimento expressivo de Agentes Comunitários de Saúde (ACS) acometidos por adoecimentos. Verifica-se que a auriculoterapia chinesa tem sido empregada para intervenção à saúde em trabalhadores com distúrbios físicos e psíquicos, assim objetivou-se avaliar a eficácia da mesma em ACS de um Centro de Saúde da Comunidade em Palmas – Tocantins. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo experimental com abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa, constituído por 4 etapas: A etapa I contemplou a aplicação do questionário Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Na etapa II realizou-se 12 sessões de auriculoterapia em cada participante, com o preenchimento do diário de bordo. A etapa III consistiu na reaplicação do questionário a fim de comparação com os resultados obtidos anteriormente e na etapa IV ocorreu o grupo focal. Resultados: Todos os ACS apresentaram inicialmente Transtorno Mental Comum e após o tratamento verificou-se o declínio para 23,1%, o que representa uma redução na pontuação relativa ao sofrimento mental dos ACS em 76,9%. Conclusão: Os ganhos revelaram resultados promissores na redução dos sinais e sintomas dos distúrbios psíquicos e físicos.