bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Basic Conditions for Application of Necessity as a Circumstance that Precludes Bringing to International Legal Responsibility
Authors: Shchokin Yuri
Published: December 2023

The article examines a situation of necessity as a circumstance that precludes bringing to international legal responsibility. The relevance of the article is due, on the one hand, to the growing crises in modern international relations, and on the other hand, the lack of comprehensive studies of necessity in the Ukrainian science of international law. The purpose of the article is to determine the specifics of the international legal grounds for states and international intergovernmental organizations to apply to the state of necessity, as circumstance that precludes bringing to international legal responsibility. The article uses general philosophical, general scientific, special scientific and legal methods of research, in particular: dialectical, formal-logical, analysis and synthesis, comparative-legal, and logical-legal. The article analyzes Art. 25 of the draft articles on the responsibility of states for internationally wrongful acts prepared by the UN International Law Commission and submitted to the UN General Assembly in 2001 (UNGA resolution 56/83 (A/RES/56/83) of December 12, 2001). The relevant practice of a number of international courts and arbitrations was analyzed, in particular: the International Court of Justice, the International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes, the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea. The main conditions for the lawful use of necessity are identified, and a forecast of the areas of its further application is given.
Exploitation copyrights for a work created by an employee: trends, shortcomings and advantages of legal regulation
Authors: Yarkina Natalia
Published: December 2023

The problems of legal protection of rights to works created by employees in connection with the performance of an employment contract are related to the definition of their legal regime and subjects of exploitation rights. The relevance of the study of these issues is due to the prevalence of legal conflicts between the author - employee and employer; the lack of an established practice of concluding agreements on the distribution of exploitation rights to a work between these entities; inconsistency of legislative provisions and repeated changes in legal regulation. When conducting a scientific study, the tasks were to analyze the process of transformation of the legal regime of works created by an employee under the legislation of Ukraine, to determine the advantages and disadvantages of legal regulation, to study the experience of regulating similar relations in European countries. The purpose of the work is reflected in the formulated conclusions regarding the optimal model of regulation of these relations in the context of balanced protection of the rights of their subjects. The study of the outlined relationships was carried out using a number of scientific methods, in particular, dialectical, formal-logical, analysis and synthesis, system-structural, formal-legal, comparative-legal, logical-legal, method of interpreting legal norms, prognostic, method of legal modeling, logical and legal method. Studying the issues of practical application of the provisions of the legislation, judicial  protection of the relevant rights, analysis of the positions of scientists and practitioners made it possible to draw a conclusion about the ineffectiveness of the model of regulation of joint copyrights of the employer and the employee. The current state of the studied relations, the experience of their regulation in European countries, the need to harmonize the law of Ukraine with the law of European countries prove the expediency of providing exploitation copyrights for works to the employer, as well as the possibility of including the copyright fee in the employee's salary. At any stage of the relationship, the employee and the employer retain the legal opportunity to enter into an agreement on the legal regime of works, the legal fate of exploitation  rights to them, payment of royalties for the performance of certain tasks, etc. In order to eliminate conflicts between legal norms, in accordance with the established principles of copyright, amendments to the legislative provisions are proposed. In particular, it is proposed to provide for the emergence (rather than the transfer) of exploitation copyrights from the employer, as the primary subject, from the moment of creation of the work. The need to exclude from the law the norm on the employer's right to instruct other employees to complete, supplement and change  works without the consent of their author is substantiated, since such actions can violate the author's moral right and harm his creative reputation.
Judicial Control over Executive Proceedings During Foreclosure on the Debtor's Property Held by other Persons
Authors: Gusarov Kostiantyn
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the peculiarities of judicial control over the executive proceedings in economic proceedings during the foreclosure on property the debtor's property held by other persons. The attention is drawn to the execution of the specified actions in relation to property held by state-owned enterprises during martial law. Possible options for the implementation of judicial control in this area are considered, and attention is drawn to the peculiarities of departmental control over the implementation of executive actions during martial law. The circle of appropriate persons entitled to apply to the court with the relevant procedural document is analyzed. Depending on the nature of the economic legal personality of a legal entity, the issues of appropriateness of intervention in its activities for the purpose of compulsory debt collection by a private or state executor is considered. Due attention is also paid to the analysis of the conditions of the foreclosure on property the debtor's funds belonging to other persons. With this in mind, the indisputability of the debt is analyzed as a mandatory condition for foreclosure, as well as additional conditions for refusing to grant the lawsuit for the foreclosure on property on the above-mentioned funds. The study of judicial practice materials made it possible to ascertain the presence of other cases, except those specified in Part 2 of Article 336 of the Economical Procedure Code of Ukraine, in which the court refuses to grant the lawsuit. The analysis of the economic-procedural legal personality of the enterprise of the state when applying the foreclosure procedure on the debtor's funds, which should be in the said enterprise as accounts payable, was not left out of consideration.
Public Participation: International Standards аnd Perspectives for Ukraine
Authors: Yaitska Daria
Published: December 2023

Topicality. In Ukraine, there are still no scientific works, the subject of which would be the basic principles of public participation, the issue of its legislative support and the adjustment of the work of its mechanisms, as well as the tools of such participation. Even less researched is the direction related to the online participation of citizens in the management of state affairs. In the conditions of martial law and the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine, the study of international standards and foreign experience in ensuring the effective participation of citizens in public administration and the borrowing of proven successful experience, taking into account the specifics of the legal system of our state and the peculiarities of the sphere of public administration, is relevant and provides prospects for the development of participatory democracy in Ukraine. The purpose of the article. Analysis of the experience of experts from different countries of the world in ensuring citizen participation in public administration, determining the advantages and disadvantages of various models of setting up government-public communications, as well as outlining domestic prospects for the development of public participation in administration in Ukraine. Research methods. The research uses general scientific and special methods of scientific knowledge. The purpose and tasks of the research include analysis and synthesis of information, comparison of foreign approaches to understanding public participation and its mechanisms, description of international standards in this area, as well as formulation of author's conclusions on specific issues, recommendations for theoretical and practical use. Results. The theoretical and practical aspects of ensuring the effectiveness of citizens' participation in public administration are analyzed. International standards in this area, the best foreign approaches and practices, and promising directions for the development of participatory democracy in Ukraine are outlined. The significance of the results. The findings contained in this study can be applied during the improvement of the national legislation on the participation of citizens in the management of state affairs and the implementation of legal provisions on effective public influence on public administration.
Administrative Procedures in the Field of Economic Activity
Authors: Shevchuk Oksana , Mentukh Nataliia
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the idea of establishing a free trade area and the single market of the European Union (hereinafter - the EU) between Ukraine and the EU countries in accordance with the Association Agreement with the EU and its Member States, as well as the strict fulfilment of obligations to ensure a zone of economic competition, aims at creating a competitive environment in which business entities enjoy equal competitive conditions and operate in accordance with the same generally accepted rules. The purpose of the study is to analyse various scientific approaches to understanding the administrative procedure, to define its features, and to determine the criteria for classifying the formation and development of administrative procedures in the field of economic activity. The methodological basis of the article is a set of methods and techniques of scientific cognition, both general scientific (logical, historical and legal, systemic analysis, etc.) and special (documentary analysis, comparative legal methods, etc.), which contributes to the achievement of the set goals, ensures a complete and comprehensive understanding of the research topic, scientific reliability and convincing results. The author identifies the characteristic features of administrative procedures: openness, focus on the realisation of public interests, consistent orderliness, normativity, discretion, etc. The criteria for classification of administrative procedures have also been the subject of debate, which eventually led to the development of a significant number of them. The author determines that the content of administrative procedures is the procedure for consideration and resolution of individual administrative cases by administrative authorities and local self-government bodies with a view to protecting the rights and legitimate interests, and also to fulfilling the statutory obligations of all subjects of legal relations. Based on the study, the author formulates conclusions and provides recommendations on the need to amend the Law of Ukraine "On Administrative Procedure" to regulate the mechanism of implementation of the principle of "tacit consent" in legal relations between public authorities and business entities. The introduction of the principle of tacit consent in practice should solve a number of problems in the area of issuing permits. The main ones are: reducing the real time spent by business entities on obtaining permits; limiting the opportunities for abuse by representatives of public authorities related to the delay in the timeframe for issuing pre-trial documents established by the current legislation; business entities avoid unjustified termination or suspension of business activities.
Characteristics of Certain Types of Administrative Acts According to the Latest Legislation of Ukraine on Administrative Procedure
Authors: Nehara Rodion
Published: December 2023

The relevance of the study of types of administrative acts is determined primarily by the fact that an administrative act as the main tool of activity, recognized by the provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Administrative Procedure", although it is accepted (performed) daily by all subjects of public administration exercising public power in the relevant spheres of public life , the forms of their external and legal expression, the cases, grounds and order of their acceptance (commitment), the matters on which they are accepted (committed), as well as their focus on the acquisition, change, termination or realization of rights and/or obligations differ, provided by the current legislation of a private person. Taking into account the arrangement and systematization of administrative acts, it seems possible only with the help of their classification. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to identify and research the types of administrative acts provided for in the legislation of Ukraine on administrative procedure, and their theoretical and legal analysis. Research methods include general and special methods of scientific knowledge, the method of system analysis, the dialectical method, formal-logical methods, structural-functional and comparative-legal methods, as well as a number of empirical methods, which ultimately made it possible to determine and analyze existing approaches to distinguishing types of administrative acts , to carry out their comparative characteristics, as well as to characterize the provisions of the legislation on administrative procedure regarding the definition of types of administrative acts. As a result of the conducted research, the classification of administrative acts was carried out according to the form of acceptance (commitment); according to the method of production (formation); by direction of content; according to the nature of the effect of administrative acts; depending on the number of persons to whom the administrative act applies; according to the quality of the execution of administrative acts, and their theoretical and legal analysis was carried out taking into account the provisions of the latest legislation on administrative procedure. It is substantiated that the potential of the classification of administrative acts is also revealed in the fact that, with its help, it seems possible to distinguish administrative acts from other instruments of activity of public authorities, in particular, regulatory acts and administrative contracts, and political decisions, official orders, etc. This proves that the classification of administrative acts is a promising direction for further scientific research. At the same time, it was noted that the principle in the aspect of research of types of administrative acts is the applied orientation of the proposed classifications and the support of each of the selected types of administrative acts with specific examples.
Bias correction of ERA5-Land temperature data using standalone and ensemble machine learning models: a case of northern Italy
Authors: Niazkar Majid , Piraei Reza , Menapace Andrea , Dhawan Pranav , Torre Daniele Dalla , Larcher Michele , Righetti Maurizio
Published: December 2023

Using the global climate model outputs without any adjustment may bring errors in water resources and climate change investigations. This study tackles the critical issue of bias correction temperature in ERA5-Land reanalysis for 10 ground stations in northern Italy using nine machine learning (ML) techniques. Among standalone ML models, XGBoost regression emerged as the most effective standalone ML model, outperforming others across 6 out of 10 stations, while random forest regression, Gaussian process regression, and support vector regression obtained the second to fourth places. In contrast, AdaBoost regression (ABR) achieved the least favorable performance. Furthermore, nine ensemble ML models are proposed to correct bias of the reanalysis of temperature data. The results indicated that the K-nearest neighbors-based ensemble model excelled and secured the top rank in 7 out of 10 stations, while the multiple linear regression-based ensemble model achieved the highest precision in 4 out of 10 stations. Furthermore, other ML-based ensemble models displayed satisfactory results. On the other hand, the ABR-based ensemble model exhibited the lowest accuracy among ML-based ensemble models. The findings highlight the potential of ML-based ensemble models in effectively addressing bias correction in climate data.
La famiglia nel diritto della Chiesa tra attualità e profezia
Authors: Zuanazzi Iliaria
Published: December 2023

W artykule porównano dzisiejszą kulturę dotyczącą rodziny, z koncepcją ro- dziny według antropologii chrześcijańskiej, aby podkreślić, w jaki sposób wartości leżące u podstaw zasadniczej struktury rodziny, zgodnie z doktryną chrześcijańską i prawem kanonicznym, są nadal w stanie odpowiedzieć na najbardziej autentyczne oczekiwania współczesnych mężczyzn i kobiet.
Bonum familiae w kontekście przemówienia papieża Franciszka na rozpoczęcie roku sądowego Trybunału Roty Rzymskiej z dnia 29 stycznia 2021 roku
Authors: Dappa Rafał
Published: December 2023

Pojęcie bonum familiae, choć samo w sobie nie jest kategorią prawną, poja- wia się coraz częściej w kontekście procesów o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa. Stało się również przedmiotem przemówienia Ojca Świętego Franciszka do pracowni- ków Trybunału Roty Rzymskiej na inaugurację roku sądowego (29 stycznia 2021 roku). Papież w swoim przemówieniu zwraca uwagę na dwie kwestie: z jednej strony bonum familiae nie jest i nie może być rozpatrywane jako przyczyna nieważności małżeństwa, z drugiej jednak strony może i powinno być uwzględniane przez sędziów kościelnych w rozstrzygnięciach procesów o nieważność małżeństwa.

Niniejszy artykuł, po zdefiniowaniu pojęcia bonum familiae, podejmuje próbę interpretacji papieskiego przemówienia w kontekście kan. 1691 § 1 KPK/83. Praktyczną aplikację stanowi zachęta do przypominania stronom procesów o nieważność małżeństwa o ich moralnych i cywilnych zobowiązaniach względem siebie i potomstwa.
Análise técnica e econômica entre o veículo elétrico Nissan Leaf e o veículo a combustão interna Nissan Versa.
Authors: Pangoni Fabricio , Pereira Silva Ramon Eduardo
Published: December 2023

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta técnica e econômica comparativa entre a utilização do veículo a combustão interna (VCI) Nissan Versa com o veículo elétrico (VE) Nissan Leaf para a utilização por uma família com residência na cidade de Campo Grande – MS, alimentada ou não por um sistema fotovoltaico conectado à rede (SFVCR) em 5 cenários baseados na distância diária percorrida pelo VE, desde 100% até 10% da sua autonomia. Para a análise técnica, foi considerado o dimensionamento do SFVCR, dimensionamento do circuito para a estação de recarga e consumo dos veículos. Para a análise econômica, utilizou-se a projeção de 96 meses, custos com o SFVCR, infraestrutura para a instalação da estação de recarga, custos de aquisição, revisão, licenciamento, IPVA e combustível. Sendo feito a separação e rateio dos custos para a residência e o veículo. Para o estudo da viabilidade financeira utilizou-se o Payback, Valor Presente Líquido (VPL) e Taxa interna de Retorno (TIR). Como resultado, a análise concluiu que, para as 15 situações estudadas, o VCI é mais viável financeiramente, seguido pelo VE usando o SFVCR e por último o uso do VE.
Machine learning, inteligência artificial (IA), e a caracterização da subsuperfície: aplicações, possibilidades e riscos
Authors: Berton Fábio
Published: December 2023

Soluções computacionais baseadas em machine learning e inteligência artificial (IA) têm sido adaptadas para o processamento e interpretação das informações de subsuperfície. Diante do que pode se tornar uma revolução tecnológica, é necessário pensar nos prováveis impactos das novas soluções para as atividades relacionadas à caracterização de reservatórios e sistemas petrolíferos. A IA já prova ter utilidade na indústria de óleo e gás ao lidar com grandes volumes de dados geológicos de padrão homogêneo, poupando o usuário humano de tarefas repetitivas. Essa característica faz com que os programas sejam úteis para o aumento de eficiência e da segurança do trabalho, mas da forma como funcionam atualmente, eles estão longe de serem capazes de lidar com a frequente complexidade geológica que pode representar riscos ou oportunidades em subsuperfície. Nem mesmo os melhores programas de IA são capazes de solucionar problemas inerentes aos dados indiretos, como a baixa resolução sísmica ou a baixa representatividade de poços. Tampouco conseguem encontrar soluções plausíveis para situações geológicas complexas. As novas soluções tecnológicas devem ser vistas como ferramentas para facilitar a vida dos profissionais de subsuperfície. Como qualquer ferramenta, sua existência tem propósitos específicos que não abrangem toda a complexidade dos sistemas geológicos. As interpretações geológicas derivadas de programas baseados em machine learning e IA devem ser avaliadas como aproximações geoestatísticas, não como a representação total da realidade construída a partir de múltiplos processos naturais. Essa característica faz com que os profissionais das geociências sigam sendo essenciais para aplicar as ferramentas de IA corretamente e filtrar as informações produzidas por elas.
Passive filters allocation in unbalanced distribution network with high penetration of distributed generation
Authors: Semensato Marcelo , Oliveira Rezende Jaqueline , Antônio Lambert José
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this paper is the allocation of passive filters in an unbalanced power network with high penetration of distributed generation to minimize the costs of power losses in the distribution lines, including power losses caused by harmonic components and neutral conductor power losses due to unbalanced loads. The harmonic components and the fundamental current generated by the distributed generation cause a voltage increase in the generation bus, and the voltages in the network above the limit allowed by standard are reduced by allocating passive filters without cutting the active power in the distributed generation. The unbalance and reactive power compensation is performed by the ideal compensation method applied to the distribution network. The tests are for the IEEE 34 bus network, with the fourth wire in the simulation being the isolated neutral. The scatter search metaheuristic applied in the simulation tends to minimize the costs of power losses in the lines and the costs of the passive filters allocated in the medium voltage distribution network, meeting the operational constraints of the network.
Potencial de complementaridade e geração de energia através da biomassa de resíduos agrícolas no Piauí
Authors: Nascimento de Brito Thiago Felipe , Ferreira dos Santos Junior Bartolomeu , Rocha Almeida Aryfrance
Published: December 2023

A matriz energética brasileira é predominantemente sustentada pela geração hidrelétrica, evidenciando uma dependência considerável nessa fonte, enquanto a matriz energética do Piauí está gradualmente se tornando dependente da energia eólica. No entanto, urge a necessidade de promover a diversificação da matriz energética em âmbito nacional, abrangendo distintas regiões do país. Nesse contexto, a exploração da biomassa como fonte energética emerge como uma estratégia valiosa para ampliar as vias de produção de energia. O estado do Piauí se destaca como uma região com um vasto potencial em diversas formas de geração de energia, com especial destaque para a utilização da biomassa de resíduos agrícolas como alternativa promissora.
Rho Kinase (ROCK) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Glaucoma
Authors: Wu Junhui , Wei Jing , Chen Haoliang , Dang Yalong , Lei Fang
Published: December 2023

Glaucoma is the most common cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. It is characterized
by progressive optic nerve degeneration and loss of visual field. Pathological increased intraocular
pressure is its main modifiable risk factor. Rho kinase inhibitors are developed as a new
class of glaucoma medication that increases outflow facility from the conventional aqueous humor
outflow pathway. Additionally, they also have neuroprotective and anti-scarring effects that can
might increase the success rate of glaucoma filtration surgery. This review aims to summarize the
current concept of Rho kinase inhibitors in the treatment of glaucoma from beach to bedside.
Research Methodology and Project Management in Biotechnology
Authors: Kharb Simmi , Singh Akshat , Singh Abhyuday , Kharb Deepa
Published: December 2023

Research Methodology and Project Management in Biotechnology is a vital resource addressing core concepts in the dynamic field of biotechnology. This comprehensive textbook focuses on research methodology, techniques, and project management, and provides essential knowledge for students and faculty in life sciences and allied disciplines.

Key features of the book include learning objectives, self-assessments and exercises, and a simple presentation (using bullet points, tables, and figures) designed to assist comprehension and retention of key information.

The book is split into 5 units with 12 focused chapters:

Unit I: Molecular Biology Techniques
Covers various techniques used in molecular biology, including nucleic acid isolation, DNA fragmentation, PCR, DNA sequencing, and more.
Unit II: Scientific Communication and Literature
Introduces the process of research writing.
Unit III: Biotechnology Entrepreneurship and Marketing
Covers the role of funding, intellectual property rights, and regulations.
Unit IV: Genomics, Proteomics, and Bioinformatics
Explores DNA sequencing strategies, gene expression analysis, and the role of bioinformatics in drug discovery.
Unit V: Advanced Biotechnological Techniques
Covers topics such as antisense technology, molecular cytogenetics, pharmacogenomics, next-generation DNA sequencing, and ethical considerations in science and technology.
Unit VI: Medical Biotechnology
Covers disease detection and diagnosis, genetic diseases, personalized medicine, nanotechnology, gene therapy, regenerative medicine, and the Human Genome Project.

This textbook is suitable for courses aimed to enhance biotechnology project planning and execution skills and building a professional career path in biotechnology.
TMP21 in Alzheimer’s Disease: An Important Target For Effective Treatment Approach
Authors: Karati Dipanjan , Kumar Dileep
Published: December 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia, and it is
considered a dynamic cognitive decline. Neurofibrillary tangles and nerve cell injury
are important neuropharmacological symptoms for one AD brain. TMP21 is an
important molecule in cellular protein trafficking. TMP21, a protein involved in the
production of neurotic plaques, appears to be dysregulated in AD. As a result, we want
to look into TMP21 dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease, as well as the involvement of
TMP21 in neurotic plaque development and the underlying mechanisms. TMP21's
significance in the creation of neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic disbalance, and nerve
cell death is also explored. It will shed light on the therapeutic potential of regulating
TMP21 as a treatment for AD.
Kadına Yönelik Şiddetle Mücadele: Bergen Filmi Söylem Çalışması
Authors: Kaya Göktepe Ayşe
Published: December 2023

Arabesk müziğin sinema ile olan yakın ilişkisi göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, arabesk şarkıcıların hayatını konu alan yakın dönem filmlerinde bu şarkıcıların gerçek kimliğinden ziyade şiddetle mücadele gibi farklı konulardaki söylemler üzerinden yeniden nasıl inşa edildiği ilgi çekmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, arabesk kimliğin zaman içinde uğradığı değişime bağlı ortaya çıkan neoarabesk kimliğin söylem aracılığıyla inşa sürecini kadına şiddetle mücadele bağlamında araştırmaktır. Dijital etnografi araştırma deseninde kurgulanan bu çalışmada, Bergen filmi resmî Instagram hesabında yer alan 112 adet içerik Teun van Dijk’in eleştirel söylem metoduyla incelenmiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bu bulgular ilgili literatür araştırmaları çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır. Bu araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre film, Bergen’in arabesk ses sanatçısı kimliğinin sınırlarını genişletmiş ve dinleyicilerin arabesk şarkı sevip sevmeme durumundan bağımsızlaşan neoarabesk kimlik, acıların kadını söylemiyle inşa edilen arabesk kimliğin yerine geçerek acılara rağmen başarılı kadın söylemiyle mücadeleci, aktif bir role bürünmüştür. Günümüz ihtiyaçlarına göre değişen neoBergen, arabesk şarkı temalarında yer alan kurban figürünün aksine kadına yönelik şiddetle mücadelenin sembolü olarak yeniden inşa edilmiştir.
Święty Franciszek Salezy (1567–1622): biskup Genewy – doktor Kościoła – humanista. W 400-lecie śmierci patrona Towarzystwa Naukowego Franciszka Salezego
Authors: Gocko Jerzy
Published: December 2023

400-lecie śmierci św. Franciszka Salezego jest okazją do przywołania na łamach „Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe” jego postaci oraz naukowego i ascetycznego dziedzictwa biskupa Genewy oraz by oddać cześć patronowi Towarzystwa Naukowego Franciszka Salezego. To właśnie autor Filotei i Teotyma, zakochany w Bogu i w człowieku, stał się inspiracją inicjatyw założonego przed 15 laty w kręgu salezjańskim towarzystwa naukowego. Uznany zarówno przez historiografię świecką, jak i hagiografię katolicką za teologa humanistę wyznacza humanistyczny i personalistyczny profil prowadzonym w ramach towarzystwa naukowego badaniom. Tekst pokazuje Salezego jako biskupa Genewy, doktora Kościoła oraz patrona Towarzystwa Naukowego Franciszka Salezego. W drugiej części artykułu dokonano syntetyczne retrospekcji na genezę i główne obszary działalności Towarzystwa w 15-lecie jego istnienia.
Use of Machine Learning Tools in Evidence Synthesis of Tobacco Use Among Sexual and Gender Diverse Populations: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Ma Shaoying , Jiang Shuning , Yang Olivia , Zhang Xuanzhi , Fu Yu , Zhang Yusen , Kaareen Aadeeba , Ling Meng , Chen Jian , Shang Ce
Published: December 2023

Background

From 2016 to 2021, the volume of peer-reviewed publications related to tobacco has experienced a significant increase. This presents a considerable challenge in efficiently summarizing, synthesizing, and disseminating research findings, especially when it comes to addressing specific target populations, such as the LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, Two Spirit, and other persons who identify as part of this community) populations.

Objective

In order to expedite evidence synthesis and research gap discoveries, this pilot study has the following three aims: (1) to compile a specialized semantic database for tobacco policy research to extract information from journal article abstracts, (2) to develop natural language processing (NLP) algorithms that comprehend the literature on nicotine and tobacco product use among sexual and gender diverse populations, and (3) to compare the discoveries of the NLP algorithms with an ongoing systematic review of tobacco policy research among LGBTQ+ populations.

Methods

We built a tobacco research domain–specific semantic database using data from 2993 paper abstracts from 4 leading tobacco-specific journals, with enrichment from other publicly available sources. We then trained an NLP model to extract named entities after learning patterns and relationships between words and their context in text, which further enriched the semantic database. Using this iterative process, we extracted and assessed studies relevant to LGBTQ+ tobacco control issues, further comparing our findings with an ongoing systematic review that also focuses on evidence synthesis for this demographic group.

Results

In total, 33 studies were identified as relevant to sexual and gender diverse individuals’ nicotine and tobacco product use. Consistent with the ongoing systematic review, the NLP results showed that there is a scarcity of studies assessing policy impact on this demographic using causal inference methods. In addition, the literature is dominated by US data. We found that the product drawing the most attention in the body of existing research is cigarettes or cigarette smoking and that the number of studies of various age groups is almost evenly distributed between youth or young adults and adults, consistent with the research needs identified by the US health agencies.

Conclusions

Our pilot study serves as a compelling demonstration of the capabilities of NLP tools in expediting the processes of evidence synthesis and the identification of research gaps. While future research is needed to statistically test the NLP tool’s performance, there is potential for NLP tools to fundamentally transform the approach to evidence synthesis.
Effectiveness of the QuitSure Smartphone App for Smoking Cessation: Findings of a Prospective Single Arm Trial
Authors: Pandya Apurvakumar , K S Mythri , Mishra Shweta , Bajaj Kriti
Published: December 2023

Background

Digital therapies, especially smartphone apps for active and continuous smoking cessation support, are strongly emerging as an alternative smoking cessation therapy. In the Indian context, there is a growing interest in the use of app-based smoking cessation programs; however, there is limited evidence regarding their effectiveness in achieving long-term continuous abstinence.

Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the long-term abstinence effect (up to 30-d abstinence postprogram completion) of a smartphone app, QuitSure, for smoking cessation in active smokers from India.

Methods

In this prospective single-arm study, participants who signed up for the QuitSure app were enrolled in this study. The primary end point was the prolonged abstinence (PA) rate from weeks 1 to 4 (day 7 to day 30). Furthermore, data for withdrawal symptoms, relapse reasons, and reasons for not continuing the program were also assessed.

Results

The quit rate was calculated considering only the participants who followed up and completed the survey sent to them (per protocol) at day 7 and at day 30, respectively. The PA rate at day 7 was found to be 64.5% (111/172; 95% CI 56% to 72%), and the PA rate at day 30 was found to be 55.8% (72/129; 95% CI 45% to 65%). Within the 7-day abstinence period, 60.4% (67/111) of the participants did not have any withdrawal symptoms. The most common mild withdrawal symptoms were mild sleep disturbance (21/111, 18.9%), mild digestive changes (19/111, 17.1%), and coughing (17/111, 15.3%). Severe withdrawal symptoms were rare, with only 5.4% (6/111) experiencing them. For those achieving 30-day postprogram abstinence, 85% (61/72) had no mild withdrawal symptoms, and 99% (71/72) had no severe withdrawal symptoms. Among successful quitters at day 7, a total of 72.1% (80/111) reported minimal to no cravings, which increased to 88% (63/72) at day 30. Furthermore, 78% (56/72) of those with PA at day 30 reported no change in weight or reduced weight. Among participants experiencing relapse, 48% (28/58) cited intense cravings, 28% (16/58) mentioned facing a tragedy, and 26% (15/58) reported relapsing due to alcohol consumption. The PA rates as a result of the QuitSure program were found to be better than those reported in the results of other smoking-cessation app programs’ studies.

Conclusions

The QuitSure app yields high PA rates and ameliorates symptoms associated with smoking cessation. In order to obtain conclusive evidence regarding the effectiveness and efficacy of the QuitSure program, future research should include appropriate control measures. Nevertheless, the QuitSure program can serve as a valuable adjunct to a conventional smoking cessation treatment program to aid sustained abstinence.
Tính chất vi phân trong điều khiển tối ưu có tham số với ràng buộc cân bằng
Authors: Nguyễn Thành Quí , Mạc Lê Chí Đạo , Đào Duy Phúc
Published: December 2023

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm tìm hiểu các tính chất vi phân trong điều khiển tối ưu có tham số với ràng buộc cân bằng. Hướng nghiên cứu mới của bài viết là về tính chất vi phân suy rộng trong lớp bài toán điều khiển tối ưu có tham số cho phương trình đạo hàm riêng elliptic nửa tuyến tính với ràng buộc cân bằng. Kết quả mới của bài báo bao gồm các công thức tính đối đạo hàm Fréchet và đối đạo hàm Mordukhovich của toán tử ràng buộc trong bài toán điều khiển tối ưu có tham số với dạng ràng buộc cân bằng có nhiễu và các công thức tính dưới vi phân Fréchet của hàm giá trị tối ưu của bài toán điều khiển tối ưu có tham số với ràng buộc cân bằng.
Đánh giá hiệu quả của chế phẩm vi sinh plant probiotics (PP) lên sinh trưởng, năng suất rau muống và một số đặc tính đất ở điều kiện nhà lưới
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Bảo Trân , Nguyễn Khởi Nghĩa , Lê Thị Xã
Published: December 2023

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện với mục tiêu đánh giá hiệu quả của chế phẩm vi sinh PP (CPVS PP) có chứa một số dòng vi khuẩn thuộc chi Bacillus và Lactobacillus lên sinh trưởng, năng suất rau muống và đặc tính đất ở điều kiện nhà lưới. Thí nghiệm được bố trí với 6 nghiệm thức, 4 lần lặp lại trong 2 vụ liên tục. Kết quả cho thấy nghiệm thức bón kết hợp 75% NPK + 0,4% chế phẩm PP giúp gia tăng chiều cao cây, số lá, hàm lượng chlorophyll của lá, trong khi khối lượng tươi và sinh khối khô/chậu của rau muống cho kết quả tương đương với nghiệm thức đối chứng dương bón 100% NPK theo khuyến cáo. Bên cạnh đó các nghiệm thức bón chế phẩm vi sinh PP giúp cải thiện giá trị độ dẫn điện của đất (EC) và mật số vi khuẩn trong đất.  Như vậy, sử dụng CPVS PP với nồng độ 0,4% được khuyến cáo trong canh tác rau theo hướng an toàn và phát triển bền vững.
When I Hate to Follow You: Hate-Following, Envy, and Schadenfreude on Instagram
Authors: Yusainy Cleoputri , Adila Isma , Kusumastuti Ayu , Hikmiah Ziadatul , Faradisa Koesrina Rahma , Valentinovich Konstantinov Vsevolod
Published: December 2023

Popular media has documented an increasing interest in the phenomenon of “hate-following”. The current study explored the utility of hate-following motive, independent of hate, within the framework of dual approach of envy and schadenfreude. Undergraduate Instagram’s users (n = 560, 73.39% females; M age =21.14, SD = 2.04) were asked to recall an envy episode and filled in measures of state envy, hate-following motive, and hate, then read a schadenfreude scenario and completed measure of schadenfreude. We found that both hate-following motive and hate were positively associated with pain of envy, malicious envy, and schadenfreude, but only hate-following motive positively associated with benign envy. While the hate-followers experiences of malicious envy predicted higher schadenfreude, the presence of benign envy predicted lower schadenfreude. These findings highlight the unique contribution of hate-following motive, while at the same time open up many questions as to how this antisocial but nevertheless functional motive may be improved.
Research on Legal Issues of Ecological Protection of Cultivated Land in China under the Background of Food Security
Authors: Mingru Peng
Published: December 2023

A sound legal system for ecological protection of cultivated land plays an important role in ensuring ecological protection of cultivated land and food security. The legalization of ecological governance will inevitably become an important governance approach in China in the future. With the development of agriculture and the further expansion of urban scale in China, the sustained high-intensity utilization of arable land resources has led to severe degradation, quality decline, ecological imbalance, and insufficient reserve resources. The sustainable utilization of arable land resources is facing severe challenges. This requires stricter requirements for farmland protection work, clear implementation of hard measures for farmland protection, and adherence to the strictest farmland protection system while comprehensively promoting the rule of law and ensuring food security. By exploring the problems in China’s legal system for ecological protection of arable land, starting from timely strengthening the systematic legislation for ecological protection of arable land, improving the legal mechanism for ecological protection of arable land, improving legal measures for ecological control of arable land, and improving the legal protection system for pollution prevention and control of arable land, we aim to improve the legal system for ecological protection of arable land, promote the sustainable utilization of arable land resources, and ensure national food security.
Agricultural Financing, Food Production and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria: Evidence from ARDL Model (Note 1)
Authors: HAMMED Yinka S. , ADEDOKUN Sikiru A. , ADEMOSU Solomon T.
Published: December 2023

The need for adequate food production in Nigeria is increasingly becoming a must-achieved objective for policy makers and government agencies owing to continuous rise of food prices. Notwithstanding this, food production requires adequate financing and by extension, plays some important role in reducing poverty level. Hence, this study investigates the extent to which specific agricultural financing will impact food production and reduce poverty level. The study employs secondary data which spans 1981 to 2021 and adopts Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) for the methodology. The choice of ARDL is to capture the impact for short- and long-run period. The findings from the study highlight the following: specific agricultural financing is found to be highly instrumental in promoting food production in the country. Aside this, food production is equally found to have much impact in reducing poverty level. This impact is assured in both short- and long-run periods. However, while available arable land significantly influences agricultural finance, it is much found to be sustained and long lived in the long run. Thus, the policy implication arising from this study gives necessity to a policy that will enhance credit facilities to the farmers and other supports that will ensure food surplus.
A Study of Prosodic Entrainment and Social Factors in Mandarin Conversations
Authors: Xia Zhihua
Published: December 2023

In conversations, interlocutors usually adopt prosody to that of their partner, and they become similar in prosodic production for successful communication. This phenomenon of prosodic entrainment is related to complex factors. This study aims to explore the relationship between prosodic entrainment and social factors. Two analyses are accomplished: the analysis of prosodic entrainment and gender, and the analysis of prosodic entrainment and role. In terms of prosodic entrainment and gender, it is found that the most prosodic features are entrained in female-male conversations, and the least in male-male conversations. In terms of prosodic entrainment and roles, it is found that different roles have influence on the entrainment degree, and information givers entrain more to followers in conversation.
Services Offered and Sustainable Development Program by the LifeBank Microfinance Foundation, Incorporated: Its Impact on the Branch 220 Members Lives
Authors: . Sab Kimberly A. Sab , Garcia-Antonio Geneva V. , R. Ibarra Mark Anthony , D. Legaspi Joyce , J. Marzan Joverlyn , Leon Clarizza de
Published: December 2023

This study evaluates the awareness levels among the branch 220 members of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines regarding the services and products offered by LifeBank Microfinance. Findings reveal that services in terms of Savings received the highest awareness among the respondents, followed by Microinsurance and Wash Loans, while the respondents were not aware of the Regular Project Loans. In terms of sustainable development programs, microfinance services, show potential to influence the demand for education, particularly through the Education Scholarship Program (ESP). The Health Fund also garners significant awareness as it serves as a prerequisite for members. Assessing LifeBank's impact on members' lives, positive outcomes are noted in business and education funding. While saving money is acknowledged, opinions on employment assistance are mixed. The study suggests addressing lower-ranked areas, such as employment assistance and housing, for a more comprehensive impact.
The Effect of Eco Enzyme Concentration and NPK Fertilizer Dosage on the Growth and Yield of Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) at the Urban Farming Planting System
Authors: Dzikrika Ferziana Nurmeilinda , Sitawati Sitawati , Aini Nurul , Damaiyanti Dewi Ratih Rizki
Published: December 2023

This research was conducted at Malang during rainy seasons from february until June 2023. The purpose of the study is to obtain optimum tuber yields by applying eco enzyme concentration and NPK fertilizer dosage through agronomic experiments in urban farming systems. The research used Factorial randomized block design. Eco enzyme concentration (E) as First factor: E0 = 0 ml.l-1, E1 = 15 ml.l-1, E2 = 30 ml.l-1, E3 = 45 ml.l-1. The second factor, NPK = (P) NPK fertilizer dose, namely: P1 = 3.75 g plant-1 NPK, P2 = 5.62 g plant-1 NPK, P3 = 7.50 g plant-1 NPK. This research was repeated three times. The results showed Eco enzyme concentration treatment affects the dose of NPK fertilizer on sweet potato plants. At an NPK fertilizer dose of 3.75 g plant-1, the highest fresh tuber weight was produced at an eco enzyme concentration of 30 ml l-1. At NPK fertilizer doses of 5.62 and 7.50 g plant-1, the fresh weight of tubers was the same at all eco enzyme concentrations. The optimum eco enzyme concentration in the NPK fertilizer dose treatment of 3.75 g plant-1 was 27.05 ml l-1, 5.62 g plant-1 was 25.44 ml l-1 and 7.50 g plant-1 was 26.54 ml l-1. eco enzyme concentrations and NPK doses can increase the growth and yield of sweet potato plants, on the variables: leaf area, plant dry weight, tuber fresh weight, harvest index.
Гигантское комбинационное рассеяние света как способ инспекции дефектов и трещин металлических покрытий диэлектрических материалов
Authors: Ковалец Н.П. , Бедин С.А. , Разумовская И.В. , Наумов А.В.
Published: December 2023

Представлен дайджест патента на изобретение РФ, суть которого состоит в способе определения степени локального растрескивания металлического покрытия, нанесенного на поверхность диэлектрического материала. Новый метод основан на регистрации сигнала гигантского комбинационного рассеяния света «зондового» аналитического материала, нанесенного в низкой концентрации на инспектируемую поверхность.
Vulnerabilidad y mujeres transgénero: el caso de Laura
Authors: Madrid Edgar Antonio , Díaz Carrión Isis Arlene , Gaggiotti Hugo
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: presentar el caso de una mujer transgénero migrante de la región fronteriza mexicoamericana, poniendo el énfasis en el tema de la vulnerabilidad. Metodología: perspectiva social cualitativa con enfoque en la teoría fundamentada. Resultados: la informante cuenta diversas formas de vulnerabilidad asociadas con el hecho de ser una mujer transgénero. Valor: este tipo de acercamientos puede ser de utilidad en la planeación de proyectos y programas sociales orientados a mitigar las necesidades sociales de grupos minoritarios. Limitaciones: puesto que este es un estudio de caso, no se aspira a ninguna generalización. Conclusiones: reflexionar sobre esta clase de vulnerabilidad ayuda a promover una cultura de empatía y de consideración del dolor de otras personas.