bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemistry, Biological Activities and In Silico Bioprospection of Sterols and Triterpenes from Mexican Columnar Cactaceae
Authors: Salazar Juan Rodrigo , Loza-Mejía Marco A. , Soto-Cabrera Diego
Published: April 2020

The Cactaceae family is an important source of triterpenes and sterols. The wide uses of those plants include food, gathering, medicinal, and live fences. Several studies have led to the isolation and characterization of many bioactive compounds. This review is focused on the chemistry and biological properties of sterols and triterpenes isolated mainly from some species with columnar and arborescent growth forms of Mexican Cactaceae. Regarding the biological properties of those compounds, apart from a few cases, their molecular mechanisms displayed are not still fully understand. To contribute to the above, computational chemistry tools have given a boost to traditional methods used in natural products research, allowing a more comprehensive exploration of chemistry and biological activities of isolated compounds and extracts. From this information an in silico bioprospection was carried out. The results suggest that sterols and triterpenoids present in Cactaceae have interesting substitution patterns that allow them to interact with some bio targets related to inflammation, metabolic diseases, and neurodegenerative processes. Thus, they should be considered as attractive leads for the development of drugs for the management of chronic degenerative diseases.
Organosilicon Compounds, SILA-409 and SILA-421, as Doxorubicin Resistance-Reversing Agents in Human Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Wesołowska Olga , Michalak Krystyna , Błaszczyk Maria , Molnár Joseph , Środa-Pomianek Kamila
Published: April 2020

Multidrug resistance (MDR) that occurs in cancer cells constitutes one of the major reasons for chemotherapy failure. The main molecular mechanism of MDR is overexpression of protein transporters from the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily, such as ABCB1 (multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), P-glycoprotein). At the expense of ATP hydrolysis, ABCB1 pumps a diverse range of substrates (including anticancer drugs) out of the cell, thereby reducing their intracellular concentration. In the present study, the ability of two patented disiloxanes (SILA-409 and SILA-421) to reverse drug resistance in human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines LoVo and LoVo/Dx was investigated. It was demonstrated that both compounds in concentrations of 0.5–1 µM strongly increased the sensitivity of LoVo/Dx cells to doxorubicin. By means of an accumulation test in which rhodamine 123 was used as an ABCB1 substrate analogue, both organosilicon compounds were also shown to inhibit ABCB1 transport activity. The intracellular accumulation of doxorubicin was also increased, and more drug entered the cellular nuclei of resistant cells in the presence of the studied compounds. In conclusion, both SILA-409 and SILA-421 were demonstrated to be effective MDR reversal agents in resistant human colon cancer cells.
An Overview of Effects Induced by Pasteurization and High-Power Ultrasound Treatment on the Quality of Red Grape Juice
Authors: Margean Alina , Lupu Mirabela Ioana , Alexa Ersilia , Padureanu Vasile , Canja Cristina Maria , Cocan Ileana , Negrea Monica , Calefariu Gavrila , Poiana Mariana-Atena
Published: April 2020

In juice processing, ultrasound treatment has been tested as a potential alternative to conventional thermal methods to inactivate microorganisms and to enhance the nutritional status of juice. In this study, the impact of pasteurization and high-power ultrasound treatment on the quality of red grape juice was investigated in terms of the content of bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds and l-ascorbic acid as well as regarding the microbiological and physicochemical properties. The grape juice was subjected to pasteurization (80 °C, 2 min) as well as to ultrasound treatment with an amplitude of 50 and 70% for 5 and 10 min. The results indicated the same level of total phenolic content for pasteurized and sonicated samples for 10 min with an amplitude of 70%, while the highest level of l-ascorbic acid was recorded for sonicated samples with an amplitude of 70% for 10 min. pH of sonicated samples decreased with amplitude and treatment time while total soluble solids and titratable acidity increased with amplitude and time. Moreover, the results indicated the usefulness of juice sonication to enhance the inactivation of microorganisms. Thus, the high-power ultrasound treatment might represent a viable technique to replace the conventional thermal treatment in grape juice processing.
Addition of Orange Peel in Orange Jam: Evaluation of Sensory, Physicochemical, and Nutritional Characteristics
Authors: Teixeira Flavia , Santos Bruna Aparecida dos , Nunes Graziela , Soares Jaqueline Machado , Amaral Luane Aparecida do , Souza Gabriel Henrique Oliveira de , Resende Juliano Tadeu Vilela de , Menegassi Bruna , Rafacho Bruna Paola Murino , Schwarz Kélin , Santos Elisvânia Freitas dos , Novello Daiana
Published: April 2020

Orange is highly nutritious and a source of phytochemical compounds. However, its by-products are usually discarded. In this study, we evaluated the effect of orange peel (OP) addition in orange jam on sensory, physicochemical, and nutritional characteristics. Four jam formulations were elaborated with different OP levels: OP0 (standard), OP4, OP8, and OP12 (Orange Peel 0, 4, 8 and 12%, respectively). All samples were evaluated for sensory acceptability, and physicochemical and nutritional composition. The addition of 12% orange peel in jam reduced (p < 0.05) the acceptability for all evaluated attributes, as well as overall acceptance and purchase intention. However, OP utilization increased (p < 0.05) the levels of water activity, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and sugars. Soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio, luminosity (L*), and yellow content (b*) decreased in all added OP jams, while red content (a*) increased. No change in the pH and moisture values of the product were observed after OP addition. Ash, protein, lipid, dietary fiber, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity values increased after OP addition, while carbohydrate and energy content decreased. A texture test showed that adhesiveness decreased, while gumminess, chewiness, and elasticity increased after OP addition. We concluded that the addition of up to 8% orange peel in jam maintains sensory acceptability similar to that of the standard product. OP addition is a viable alternative to improve some of the product’s physicochemical and nutritional characteristics.
Rapid and Scalable Wire-bar Strategy for Coating of TiO2 Thin-films: Effect of Post-Annealing Temperatures on Structures and Catalytic Dye-Degradation
Authors: Divya P. , Arulkumar S. , Parthiban S. , Goswami Anandarup , Ahamad Tansir , Gawande Manoj B.
Published: April 2020

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were rapidly coated on Corning glass substrates from the precursor solution using the wire-bar technique at the room temperature and then post-annealed at 400, 500 and 600 °C for 1 h under atmospheric conditions. The structural, morphological, optical, wettability and photocatalytic properties of the films were studied. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of an anatase TiO2 structure irrespective of the post-annealing temperatures. The optical transparency of the films in the visible range was measured to be > 70%. A water contact angle (WCA) of ~0° was observed for TiO2 thin-film, post-annealed at 400 °C and 500 °C. However, WCA of 40.3° was observed for post-annealed at 600 °C. The photocatalytic dye-degradation using post-annealed thin-film was investigated indicating a steady improvement in the dye-degradation percentage (from 24.3 to 29.4%) with the increase of post-annealing temperature. The demonstrated TiO2 thin-films deposited by wire-bar coating technique showed promises for the manufacturing of large-area cost-effective self-cleaning window glass.
Determination of Alternaria Toxins in Sunflower Oil by Liquid Chromatography Isotope Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Tölgyesi Ádám , Kozma Luca , K. Sharma Virender
Published: April 2020

Alternaria toxins have gained attention as a potential health risk and can be classified as emerging mycotoxins. As a result, they are candidates to be regulated by the European Commission. This paper describes a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method for analyzing five Alternaria toxins in sunflower oil, which is a rather different type of sample to those matrices investigated in earlier published papers. An optimal sample preparation condition was achieved when samples were dissolved in n-hexane and extracted with methanol/water mixture, followed by sample pre-concentration with solvent evaporation. This study is the first focusing only on this lipophilic matrix and in using all corresponding isotopically labeled internal standards (ISTD) to compensate the matrix effect that strongly influences the LC-MS/MS analysis of toxins. Target compounds were separated on Zorbax Extend C-18 column enabling the analysis at alkaline pH of 8.8 that was necessary to obtain appropriate peak shape of tenuazonic acid and to separate the analytes at baseline. The method was validated according to the EU 2002/657/EC Decision and all the analytical performance characteristics met the requirements. The recovery was between 74% and 122% in fortified sunflower oil samples and the precision varied from 9% to 22%. The method was successfully demonstrated for sunflower seed quality check (QC) samples. Finally, 16 different sunflower oil samples were measured; and tenuazonic acid and tentoxin toxins were detected at levels close to LOQ concentrations.
Tracking Sensory Characteristics of Virgin Olive Oils During Storage: Interpretation of Their Changes from a Multiparametric Perspective
Authors: Lobo-Prieto Ana , Tena Noelia , Aparicio-Ruiz Ramón , Morales María T. , García-González Diego L.
Published: April 2020

Virgin olive oil is inevitably subject to an oxidation process during storage that can affect its stability and quality due to off-flavors that develop before the oil surpasses its ‘best before’ date. Many parameters are involved in the oxidation process at moderate conditions. Therefore, a multiparametric study is necessary to establish a link between physico-chemical changes and sensory quality degradation in a real storage experiment. In this context, a storage experiment of 27 months was performed for four monovarietal virgin olive oils, bottled in transparent 500-mL PET bottles and subjected to conditions close to a supermarket scenario. Volatile composition, quality parameters and phenolic compounds were determined monthly. Simultaneously, an accredited sensory panel assessed their sensory characteristics. The stability of the fresh samples was also studied with the oxidative stability index (OSI) and mesh cell-FTIR. (E)-2-hexenal, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol and (E)-2-hexen-1-ol were identified as markers of the fruity attribute. Hexanal and nonanal were also identified as compounds that were associated with the rise of median of defect during storage. Some disagreements were observed between the sensory assessment and the OSI analyzed by Rancimat. However, the increase of concentration of rancid markers agreed with the increase of aldehyde band measured with mesh cell-FTIR.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Histological Evaluation of Chitosan-Ruta Graveolens Essential Oil Films
Authors: Grande Tovar Carlos David , Castro Jorge Iván , Valencia Llano Carlos Humberto , Navia Porras Diana Paola , Delgado Ospina Johannes , Valencia Zapata Mayra Eliana , Herminsul Mina Hernandez José , Chaur Manuel N.
Published: April 2020

The development of new biocompatible materials for application in the replacement of deteriorated tissues (due to accidents and diseases) has gained a lot of attention due to the high demand around the world. Tissue engineering offers multiple options from biocompatible materials with easy resorption. Chitosan (CS) is a biopolymer derived from chitin, the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature, which has been highly used for cell regeneration applications. In this work, CS films and Ruta graveolens essential oil (RGEO) were incorporated to obtain porous and resorbable materials, which did not generate allergic reactions. An oil-free formulation (F1: CS) and three different formulations containing R. graveolens essential oil were prepared (F2: CS-RGEO 0.5%; F3: CS+RGEO 1.0%; and F4: CS+RGEO 1.5%) to evaluate the effect of the RGEO incorporation in the mechanical and thermal stability of the films. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses demonstrated the presence of RGEO. In contrast, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis showed that the crystalline structure and percentage of CS were slightly affected by the RGEO incorporation. Interesting saturation phenomena were observed for mechanical and water permeability tests when RGEO was incorporated at higher than 0.5% (v/v). The results of subdermal implantation after 30 days in Wistar rats showed that increasing the amount of RGEO resulted in greater resorption of the material, but also more significant inflammation of the tissue surrounding the materials. On the other hand, the thermal analysis showed that the RGEO incorporation almost did not affect thermal degradation. However, mechanical properties demonstrated an understandable loss of tensile strength and Young’s modulus for F3 and F4. However, given the volatility of the RGEO, it was possible to generate a slightly porous structure, as can be seen in the microstructure analysis of the surface and the cross-section of the films. The cytotoxicity analysis of the CS+RGEO compositions by the hemolysis technique agreed with in vivo results of the low toxicity observed. All these results demonstrate that films including crude essential oil have great application potential in the biomedical field.
Chicken Combs and Wattles as Sources of Bioactive Peptides: Optimization of Hydrolysis, Identification by LC-ESI-MS2 and Bioactivity Assessment
Authors: Bezerra Taliana , Estévez Mario , Lacerda José Thalles , Dias Meriellen , Juliano Maria , Mendes Maria Anita , Morgano Marcelo , Pacheco Maria Teresa , Madruga Marta
Published: April 2020

The production of bioactive peptides from organic by-waste materials is in line with current trends devoted to guaranteeing environmental protection and a circular economy. The objectives of this study were i) to optimize the conditions for obtaining bioactive hydrolysates from chicken combs and wattles using Alcalase, ii) to identify the resulting peptides using LC-ESI-MS2 and iii) to evaluate their chelating and antioxidant activities. The hydrolysate obtained using a ratio of enzyme to substrate of 5% (w/w) and 240 min of hydrolysis showed excellent Fe2+ chelating and antioxidant capacities, reducing Fe3+ and inhibiting 2, 2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The mapping of ion distribution showed that a high degree of hydrolysis led to the production of peptides with m/z ≤ 400, suggesting low mass peptides or peptides with multiple charge precursor ions. The peptides derived from the proteins of cartilage like Collagen alpha-2(I), Collagen alpha-1(I), Collagen alpha-1(III) and elastin contributed to generation of bioactive compounds. Hydrolysates from chicken waste materials could be regarded as candidates to be used as ingredients to design processed foods with functional properties.
Role of Ascorbic acid, Glutathione and Proline Applied as Singly or in Sequence Combination in Improving Chickpea Plant through Physiological Change and Antioxidant Defense under Different Levels of Irrigation Intervals
Authors: El-Beltagi Hossam S. , Mohamed Heba I. , Sofy Mahmoud R.
Published: April 2020

In recent years, the harmful effects of drought stress have been be mitigated by using bioactive compounds such as antioxidants and osmolytes. In this research, pot experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of ascorbic acid, glutathione and proline on alleviating the harmful effect of drought stress in chickpea plants during season 2017. Chickpea plant seeds were soaked in ascorbic acid (0.75 mM), glutathione (0.75 mM), proline (0.75 mM) singly and/or in sequence combinations for 4 h and then planted in pots. The pots were irrigated with water after seven days (to serve as control), after 14 days (moderate drought stress) and after 28 days (severe drought stress). The sequence combination of antioxidants and proline under drought stress has not been studied yet. The results showed significantly decreased in plant growth, yielding characteristics, photosynthetic pigments and soluble protein content in response to moderate and severe drought stress. Moreover, treatment with antioxidants caused increment the antioxidant enzyme activity, non-enzymatic antioxidant (ascorbic acid and glutathione) contents and endogenous proline in stressed and unstressed plants. In conclusion, The sequence combination of antioxidants and proline caused improvement in plant growth under drought stress by up-regulating the antioxidant defense system and osmolyte synthesis.
Structure Elucidation of Prenyl- and Geranyl-Substituted Coumarins in Gerbera piloselloides by NMR Spectroscopy, Electronic Circular Dichroism Calculations, and Single Crystal X-ray Crystallography
Authors: Li Tuo , Ma Xue , Fedotov Daniil , Kjaerulff Louise , Frydenvang Karla , Coriani Sonia , Hansen Paul Robert , Kongstad Kenneth T. , Staerk Dan
Published: April 2020

Crude ethyl acetate extract of Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass. was investigated by dual high-resolution PTP1B/α-glucosidase inhibition profiling and LC-PDA-HRMS. This indicated the presence of a series of unprecedented prenyl- and geranyl-substituted coumarin derivatives correlated with both α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibitory activity. Repeated chromatographic separation targeting these compounds led to the isolation of 13 new compounds, of which ten could be isolated as both enantiomers after chiral separation. The structures of all isolated compounds were characterized by HRMS and extensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis. The absolute configurations of the isolated compounds were determined by comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compound 6 features a rare furan-oxepane 5/7 ring system, possibly formed through addition of a geranyl unit to C-3 of 5-methylcoumarin, representing a new type of geranyl-substituted coumarin skeleton. Compounds 19 and 24 are the first examples of dimeric natural products consisting of both coumarin and chromone moieties.
Green Approaches to Sample Preparation Based on Extraction Techniques
Authors: Aly Alshymaa , Górecki Tadeusz
Published: April 2020

Preparing a sample for analysis is a crucial step of many analytical procedures. The goal of sample preparation is to provide a representative, homogenous sample that is free of interferences and compatible with the intended analytical method. Green approaches to sample preparation require that the consumption of hazardous organic solvents and energy be minimized or even eliminated in the analytical process. While no sample preparation is clearly the most environmentally friendly approach, complete elimination of this step is not always practical. In such cases, the extraction techniques which use low amounts of solvents or no solvents are considered ideal alternatives. This paper presents an overview of green extraction procedures and sample preparation methodologies, briefly introduces their theoretical principles, and describes the recent developments in food, pharmaceutical, environmental and bioanalytical chemistry applications.
Estimation of Chemical Composition of Pork Trimmings by Use of Density Measurement—Hydrostatic Method
Authors: Adamczak Lech , Chmiel Marta , Florowski Tomasz , Pietrzak Dorota
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the possibility of using density measurements by using the hydrostatic method for the estimation of the chemical composition of pork. The research material included 75 pork samples obtained during industrial butchering and cutting. The density measurements were performed using the hydrostatic method based on Archimedes’ principle. The meat samples were minced, and the content of the basic chemical components in them was determined. The usefulness of density measurement using the hydrostatic method in chemical composition estimation was determined by analyzing the correlation for the entire population, and after grouping the samples with a low (<15%), medium (15–25%), and high (>25%) fat content. High (in absolute value) coefficients of correlation between the meat density and the content of water (0.96), protein (0.94), and fat (−0.96) were found based on the results obtained. In order to achieve higher accuracy of the estimation, the applied regression equations should be adjusted to the presumed fat content in the meat. The standard error of prediction (SEP) values ranged from 0.67% to 2.82%, which indicates that the calculated estimation accuracy may be sufficient for proper planning of the production. Higher SEP values were found in fat content estimation and the lowest ones were found in protein content estimation.
The Effect of Fertigation on Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) Grown in a Greenhouse
Authors: Wu Xianbing , Bai Meijian , Li Yinong , Du Taisheng , Zhang Shaohui , Shi Yuan , Liu Yanan
Published: April 2020

Understanding the response of crop growth to water and fertilizer is helpful to improve their management and use efficiency. Three water and fertilizer coupling treatments were designed to carry out a two-season trial on two cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata) cultivars in spring and autumn in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region. The irrigation timings of the three treatments were controlled by the soil moisture content of 0–20 cm soil layer. Treatment 1 (LWHF): when the soil moisture content was decreased to 75% of the field capacity (θf), irrigation was carried out (i.e., the lower limit of irrigation was 75%θf), the critical soil moisture content for stopping irrigation was 90%θf (upper limit of irrigation), and the nitrogen (N) application amount was 400 kg/ha; treatment 2 (HWLF): the lower and upper limits of irrigation were 85%θf and 100%θf, respectively, and the N application amount was 200 kg/ha; and treatment 3 (MWMF): the lower and upper limits of irrigation were 75%θf and 100%θf, respectively, and the N application amount was 300 kg/ha. The results showed that the yield and its related parameters of cabbage in spring were higher than those in autumn because of the use of different cultivars and seasons. The growth indices of HWLF and MWMF in the two seasons were larger than that of LWHF, and the yields of HWLF were the highest, 78.37 t/ha (spring) and 64.42 t/ha (autumn), respectively. The nitrogen use efficiencies (NUEs) of LWHF in spring and HWLF in autumn were the highest, 213.29 kg/kg and 391.83 kg/kg, respectively. In general, there were statistically significant differences in the cumulative increment in plant height, stem diameter and leaf area in the two-season trial, yield in autumn and NUE in spring among the three treatments. In addition, there was a significant positive linear correlation between almost all indices in different growth stages and the corresponding evapotranspiration (ETi). It is suggested that the application of drip irrigation under mulch should be approximately 114.7–125.0 mm, and the N fertilization should be about 200 kg/ha.
Diagnosis of damaged wind turbine blade by noise characteristics
Authors: Wang Chao-Nan , Chi Tang-Yao
Published: April 2020

This study has proposed two estimation models of noise signal characteristic diagnosis based on time-domain and time-frequency analysis. The diagnosis of time domain was based on the fractal theory, and the result of fractal dimensions was converted into Gauss distribution, so as to
provide a feature extraction for abnormality diagnosis of damaged blade. In addition, for time-frequency analysis, the wavelet methodwas used as the basis of signal analysis. The Morlet transform and mother wavelet were used for wavelet analysis of signal to obtain the result of time-frequency
analysis. When the time axis was integrated, the marginal spectrum of frequency domain was obtained, and statistical regression analysis was used to provide another method of feature extraction diagnosis. The wind turbine blade signal was measured in actual wind turbine operation at Changhua
Coastal Industrial Park for diagnostic analysis, so as to provide a multi-diagnostic model of wind turbine blade prewarning and health management models.
Approximation of pilot operational behavior affecting noise footprint in steep approaches
Authors: Mosberg Bengt , RignÃ©r Johan , Ulfvengren Pernilla , NÃ¤sman Per
Published: April 2020

Landing aircraft create noise that disturbs residents living close to airports. One method to reduce such noise is to fly the final approach at a steeper glide slope than the normal 3.0 glide slope, thus increasing the distance between the source of the noise and the ground. If this
is performed, there is a risk that the operational behavior of the pilot counteracts the noise reduction possible to achieve, due to the fact that the pilot must manage the aircraft's speed on a steeper glide slope. For practical reasons, there are few live trials and studies on pilot behavior
during steeper approaches. In this project, a method to approximate pilot operational behavior during slightly steeper approaches, using flight data recorder data from standard approaches, was developed. The method exploits the fact that flying an approach in tailwind conditions creates the
same operational challenges for a pilot as flying a steeper than normal approach does. The method was applied to 1159 flights. The results indicate that the pilots' operational behavior will change when glide slope angle increases. Extension of final flap and landing gear in steeper approaches
will take place at a greater height but closer to the airport than for standard 3.0 ILS approaches. The result can be a reduction of the noise from arriving aircraft by up to 2 dB in some areas beneath the approach path if a 3.5 glide slope angle is used.
COVİD-19 Salgınında Sağlık Çalışanlarında Risk Azaltılması
Authors: CETİNTEPE Sultan Pinar , İLHAN Mustafa Necmi
Published: April 2020

Aralık 2019’dan beri görülmeye başlayan COVİD-19 salgını tüm dünyayı etkilemiştir. 11 Mart 2020’de ülkemizde ilk vaka tespit edilmiştir. Yoğun infektivitesi olan bu virüs karşısında sağlık çalışanları en yüksek risk altındaki meslek grubudur. Çin’de salgın sırasında ilk üç ay içinde 1500’ün üzerinde sağlık çalışanı enfekte olmuştur. Bu yüksek maruziyet riski nedeniyle gözlük, bone, tulum, maske gibi kişisel koruyucu donanımların yerinde ve uygun kullanımı önem kazanmaktadır. Bu derlemede sağlık çalışanlarının COVİD-19 salgınında iş sağlığı ve güvenliği ilkeleri kullanılarak mesleki bulaş risklerini azaltma yolları ve yöntemleri irdelenmiştir.
SARS-CoV-2 (COVİD 19 ) Enfeksiyonu Ayırıcı Tanı Açısından Diğer Solunumsal Virüsler
Authors: ALKAN ÇEVİKER Sevil , DİNDAR DEMİRAY Emine Kübra
Published: April 2020

COVİD 19 enfeksiyonun yaygın belirtileri solunum semptomları, ateş yüksekliği, öksürük ve dispnedir. COVİD 19 enfeksiyonu asemptomatik seyredebileceği gibi, hafif seyirli solunum yolu enfeksiyonundan, pnömoni, ağır akut solunum yolu enfeksiyonuna kadar çeşitli yelpazede enfeksiyon bulgusuna sebep olabilir. Günümüzde SARS-CoV-2 (novel-virüs) pandemisi hepimizin gündemini meşgul etmektedir. Bir çok viral etken de benzer semptom ve bulgulara neden olabileceğinden ayırıcı tanıda akılda tutulmalıdır.
EXISTENCE AND UNIQUENESS OF SOLUTION FOR GENERALIZATION OF FRACTIONAL BESSEL TYPE PROCESS
Authors: Hương Vũ Thị
Published: April 2020

Các mô hình tài chính thực tế như tỷ lệ lãi suất ngắn hạn, log- độ biến động trong mô hình Heston được mô hình hóa rất tốt bởi chuyển động Brown phân thứ. Điều này đặt ra câu hỏi về việc phát triển dạng phân thứ tổng quất cho các quá trình cổ điển như quá trình Cox- Ingersoll- Ross, quá trình Bessel. Trong bài báo này chúng tôi quan tâm tới quá trình Bessel phân thứ (Mishura, Yurchenko-Tytarenko, 2018). Cụ thể hơn, chúng tôi xét dạng tổng quát của quá trình Bessel phân thứ. Chúng tôi chứng minh sự tồn tại và duy nhất nghiệm dương của phương trình. Hơn nữa, chúng tôi đưa ra đánh giá cho chuẩn supremum của nghiệm.
THÁI ĐỘ CỦA SINH VIÊN ĐẠI HỌC ĐỐI VỚI VIỆC HỌC TIẾNG ANH
Authors: Tuấn Vũ Văn
Published: April 2020

Ngày nay thuật ngữ “Tiếng Anh toàn cầu” ngày càng trở nên phổ biến trong phương tiện công cộng. Trên thực tế, thành thục tiếng Anh giúp cho con người tham gia vào thế giới công việc hết sức dễ dàng. Tuy vậy, chính phủ Việt Nam đã đưa ra rất nhiều dự án với hi vọng sẽ biến tiếng Anh ở đất nước chúng ta trở thành quốc gia nói tiếng Anh như ngôn ngữ thứ hai. Nghiên cứu này điều tra về thái độ của sinh viên đại học đối với việc học tiếng Anh. Kết quả của nghiên cứu sẽ là nền tảng để các nhà quản lý đánh giá lại mục đích của mình trong tham vọng biến đất nước trở thành quốc gia nói tiếng Anh. Phương pháp định lượng được sử dụng trong nghiên cứu này dựa trên 46 câu hỏi phỏng vấn và được phân chia thành 3 khía cạnh điều tra đó là khả năng nhận thức về tiếng Anh, các câu hỏi này có thang độ tin cậy 0,935, chính sách giáo dục đối với tiếng Anh hiện tại, thang độ tin cậy 0,932 và mục đích học tiếng Anh với thang độ tin cậy 0.920. Dữ liệu được thu thập ở 4 trường đại học ở các nơi khác nhau với 305 sinh viên hợp lệ trả lời trên biểu mẫu của Google nhằm đạt được kết quả nhanh và bảo mật. Kết quả cho thấy rằng sinh viên có thái độ rất cao đối với sự hiểu biết về tiếng Anh, và mục đích học tiếng Anh, nhưng có thái độ rất thấp đối với chính sách giảng dạy tiếng Anh hiện tại. Rất cần thiết cho nhà hoạch định kế hoạch đưa ra những chính cải tổ có tính chất cách mạng đối với việc dạy và học tiếng Anh ở cấp độ đại học.
USING THE AUDIOVISUAL TRANSLATION MINI-PROJECT FOR ADVERTISEMENT VIDEOS TO IMPROVE TRANSLATION SKILLS FOR SECOND-YEAR ENGLISH MAJORS AT THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATION
Authors: Phương Đỗ Thị Ngọc , Thảo Lô Thị Phương
Published: April 2020

Nghiên cứu này được thực hiện với mục đích tìm hiểu về hiệu quả của việc sử dụng hình thức dịch thuật nghe nhìn cho các video quảng cáo đối với việc cải thiện kĩ năng dịch thuật cho sinh viên tiếng Anh tại trường Đại học Sư phạm - Đại học Thái Nguyên. Với sự tham gia của 20 sinh viên chuyên tiếng Anh năm thứ 2 vào đề án dịch thuật nghe nhìn (AVT), sinh viên phải thực hiện các bài tiền kiểm và hậu kiểm để xác định được việc họ có cải thiện được kĩ năng dịch hay không. Đồng thời việc tiến hành thu thập dữ liệu bằng phiếu điều tra cũng cho thấy thái độ của người tham gia đối với đề án này. Kết quả từ tiền kiểm và hậu kiểm đã chứng minh được rằng sinh viên có cải thiện được kĩ năng dịch sau khi tham gia đề án AVT đối với các video quảng cáo. Số liệu từ phiếu điều tra cho thấy việc sử dụng đề án AVT đối với các video quảng cáo giúp sinh viên tăng cường được vốn từ vựng, giảm thiểu được các lỗi ngữ pháp khi viết câu bằng tiếng Anh, đồng thời giúp sinh viên tự tin hơn trong việc dịch thuật.
SỬ DỤNG CÁC CHIẾN LƯỢC GIAO TIẾP TRONG HOẠT ĐỘNG NÓI CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM THỨ NHẤT TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC NÔNG LÂM – ĐẠI HỌC THÁI NGUYÊN
Authors: Hạnh Vũ Kiều
Published: April 2020

Nghiên cứu này nhằm mục đích khảo sát các chiến lược giao tiếp được sinh viên năm thứ nhất sử dụng khi thực hiện các hoạt động nói khác nhau: hoạt động một chiều và hai chiều. Đối tượng tham gia là 30 sinh viên năm thứ nhất tại Trường Đại học Nông Lâm – ĐH Thái Nguyên và được lựa chọn ngẫu nhiên bằng phương pháp lấy mẫu thuận tiện. Dữ liệu được thu thập thông qua biểu mẫu quan sát và dữ liệu được ghi chép từ hai loại hoạt động khác nhau: hoạt động mô tả hình ảnh (hoạt động một chiều) và hoạt động đóng vai (hoạt động hai chiều). Tần suất, tỷ lệ phần trăm, giá trị trung bình, độ lệch chuẩn (SD) và chi bình phương được sử dụng để phân tích dữ liệu. Kết quả cho thấy các sinh viên đã sử dụng tất cả 5 loại chiến lược giao tiếp chính, bao gồm chiến lược né tránh, chiến lược dựa trên ngôn ngữ mục tiêu, chiến lược dựa trên ngôn ngữ thứ nhất, chiến lược sử dụng phương tiện cải biên và chiến lược phi ngôn ngữ. Chiến lược sử dụng phương tiện cải biên được sử dụng thường xuyên nhất và chiến lược né tránh được sử dụng ít nhất. Các kết quả nghiên cứu cũng cho thấy sinh viên sử dụng nhiều chiến lược giao tiếp khác nhau khi thực hiện hai hoạt động nói khác nhau.
PUTTING POLITICS TO THE COMMON PEOPLE - SPECIAL FEATURES IN HO CHI MINH'S VIEWPOINT ON THE WORK OF COMMUNITY POLICING
Authors: Toàn Vũ Hoàng
Published: April 2020

“Đưa chính trị vào giữa dân gian” là một trong những quan điểm về nghệ thuật dân vận của Hồ Chí Minh. Trong quá khứ, “đưa chính trị vào giữa dân gian” đã được thực tiễn hoạt động cách mạng của Hồ Chí Minh và Đảng ta kiểm nghiệm là đúng đắn, đem lại sự gắn bó máu thịt giữa Đảng với nhân dân, góp phần làm nên những thắng lợi vĩ đại của dân tộc Việt Nam. Bài viết dựa trên cơ sở phương pháp luận duy vật biện chứng, các phương pháp nghiên cứu cụ thể gồm phương pháp phân tích – tổng hợp, phương pháp lôgíc – lịch sử, phương pháp so sánh để đưa ra các luận điểm khoa học về quan điểm trên của Hồ Chí Minh. Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam có thể áp dụng để nâng cao hiệu quả công tác dân vận trong thời gian tới. Cụ thể, không ngừng nâng cao nhận thức của đội ngũ cán bộ, đảng viên về tầm quan trọng, vai trò của công tác dân vận; bồi dưỡng nâng cao trình độ của đội ngũ cán bộ, đảng viên trong công tác dân vận theo quan điểm “đưa chính trị vào giữa dân gian”; quán triệt quan điểm “đưa chính trị vào giữa dân gian” bằng việc nêu cao phương pháp nêu gương, khen thưởng đi đôi với nêu cao kỷ luật, kỷ cương đối với cán bộ, đảng viên trong công tác dân vận.
Stevia: limiting cholesterol synthesis in Hep-G2 cells
Authors: Ilias Amirul Nazhan , Hamzah Hazilawati , Ismail Intan Safinar , Ajat Mokrish
Published: April 2020

As of today, no literature has been reported on the efficacy of stevia on lipid regulations conducted in vitro. Thus, the current study was focusing on the potential of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni as an anti-hypercholesterolemia substitute in limiting the de novo cholesterol synthesis in Hep-G2 cell line. The cytotoxicity and lipid internalization effects of stevia on Hep-G2 cells were assessed quantitatively and qualitatively in this study. As evaluated by MTT assay, commercialized stevia (0.5-20.0 mg/ml) and stevioside (1.0-10 µM) inhibited Hep-G2 cells viability in a dose-dependent manner for 24 hours. IC50 was detected at 8.68 mg/ml (commercialized stevia) and 10.91 µM (stevioside). From the assay, suitable concentrations were chosen to study the effect of stevia on cholesterol internalization in Hep-G2 cells supplemented with exogenous lipids. Cholesterol quantification assay revealed that high concentration commercialized stevia and stevioside promoted significant cholesterol internalized in Hep-G2 cells as compared to simvastatin. Finally, immunofluorescent microscopy assessment was done to qualitatively observe the formation of lipid droplets and low-density lipoprotein receptor in relation to total cholesterol extracted. The microphotographs of immunofluorescent microscopy were in parallel to results obtained from the cholesterol quantification assay which further revealed the effect of stevia as a potential anti-hypercholesterolemia agent.
IMPACTO DO USO DO EXERGAME SOBRE O RISCO CARDIOVASCULAR AVALIADO PELA PCR ULTRASSENSÍVEL: UM ESTUDO COM ADOLESCENTES COM EXCESSO DE PESO
Authors: Caroline Tavares de Melo Fernanda , da Rocha Silva Naryelle , Monteiro Pimentel Morgana , Raquel da Cruz Aguiar Geisielly , Sousa Marques Gabrielle , Franklin de Carvalho Danielle
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: tendo em vista que os índices de obesidade e sobrepeso se fazem cada vez mais alarmantes, inclusive em crianças e adolescentes, torna-se necessário o uso de novas abordagem que estimulem o exercício em tal faixa etária, como o uso de videogames ativos (exergames). Desta forma, este estudo buscou verificar o impacto do exergame no risco cardiovascular avaliado pela Proteína C-Reativa ultrassensível (PCR-u) em adolescentes com sobrepeso ou obesidade de Campina Grande-PB. MÉTODOS: estudo de intervenção quase experimental realizado com 48 adolescentes (15 a 19 anos) com sobrepeso ou obesidade matriculados em escolas públicas de ensino médio. A intervenção foi realizada durante oito semanas, 3 vezes por semana, com sessões de 50 minutos, através da plataforma XBOX 360, com acessório Kinect (Microsoft®) e o Just Dance foi o jogo selecionado. Os dados foram analisados através do SPSS 22.0 e para todas as análises foi adotado um nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: amostra composta majoritariamente pelo sexo feminino (60,4%), de classes econômicas C, D e E (56,3%), autorreferida de cor não branca (79,2%) e com sobrepeso (70,8%). No início do estudo, 24,1% dos adolescentes foram classificados como muito ativos, 38,9% como ativos, e 22,2% como insuficientemente ativos. Embora significativo o aumento no nível de atividade física proporcionado pela intervenção, não foi registrada alteração estatisticamente significante nos níveis de PCR-u. CONCLUSÃO: o exergame foi capaz de produzir melhoria no nível de atividade física, mas não na PCR-u. Sugere-se que estudos com períodos de intervenção maiores possam ser realizados para melhor avaliação.

Palavras chave: Adolescente; Obesidade; Jogos de Vídeo.
CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE O USO DE ESTATINAS E A PREVENÇÃO E PROGNÓSTICO DE PACIENTES ACOMETIDOS POR SEPSE
Authors: Maravilha Dantas e Sousa Almeida Hélida , Cecília Alexandre dos Ramos Ana , Benvindo Ferreira Sávio
Published: April 2020

OBJETIVO: Analisar a participação das estatinas na sepse. MÉTODO: Consiste em um estudo descritivo-exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa, adotando como metodologia a revisão integrativa da literatura. A pesquisa foi realizada na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, utilizando os descritores estatinas; sepse. A obra foi estruturada com 11 artigos, dos últimos 5 anos, que respondiam aos critérios propostos, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. RESULTADOS: A sepse é uma problemática mundial e atual, consistindo em uma resposta inadequada do organismo a uma infecção. Este problema provoca grande morbidade devido o comprometimento extenso a órgãos vitais, como coração e cérebro, resultando comumente em óbitos ou sequelas. Novas alternativas vêm sendo estudadas para a terapêutica preventiva e até mesmo protetora contra a sepse. As estatinas são uma classe farmacológica hipolipemiante, que possui cada vez mais destaque por seus efeitos pleitropicos, como a capacidade imunomoduladora e neuroprotetora. Os estudos atuais demonstram que essa classe de fármaco possui promissoras propriedades úteis no manejo da sepse, desde a proteção da barreira hematoencefálica, diminuição do comprometimento sistêmico e aumento da sobrevida e menor tempo de internação. CONCLUSÃO: As estatinas podem ser discutidas e consideradas na terapêutica contra a sepse, desde a prevenção de danos orgânicos, até a diminuição de problemáticas após a instalação do problema. Mesmo existindo a necessidade de mais estudos, é uma alternativa que já pode ser considerada na prática clínica após avaliação individual dos pacientes.

Palavras chave: Inibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Redutases; Sepse; Terapêutica.
Mobile Crowd Sensing for Hypertensive Patient
Authors: Patel Ankit , Fiaidhi Jinan , Kapadia Harsh
Published: April 2020

The main aim is to detect Hypertension without considering Blood Pressure or any other medical test. The proposed method mainly focuses on generating huge database which contains symptoms of Hypertensive patients. In MCS environment, another key component is providing incentive to volunteers in-order to motivate them to take part in data collection phase. Feedback is given to the user about their current health status in form of incentive which is generated using Machine Learning technique like Random Forest Classifier
Os principais fatores causadores de Estresse em profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva
Authors: Batista Luciana Sabadin , Takashi Magali Hiromi
Published: April 2020

Objetivo: identificar os principais fatores causadores de Estresse nos profissionais de enfermagem que atuam em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva. Método: Trata-se de um artigo de revisão integrativa realizado através da análise de 6 artigos científicos extraídos da biblioteca virtual de saúde. Resultados: foram identificados os principais fatores causadores do estresse nesses profissionais, como: baixa remuneração, múltiplos vínculos, incluindo as tarefas domésticas como jornada de trabalho, tempo de atuação, cansaço físico, privação do sono e rotinas da UTI (contato constante com sofrimento, morte, ruídos dos equipamentos entre outro). Conclusão: as próprias funções da profissão e as responsabilidades designadas a esses profissionais requer esforço e dedicação, pois causam diversas alterações físicas, emocionais e psicológicas, que impactam na saúde, e consequentemente, na segurança e qualidade da assistência prestada aos pacientes.
Chlorophyll fluorescence intensity of peach leaves in the wilting process
Authors: Smykov A. V. , Fedorova O. S. , Ivashchenko Yu. A. , Mesyats N. V.
Published: April 2020

The article presents the results of studies to determine the drought resistance of peach cultivars to drought by the water-holding capacity of the leaves and taking into account the chlorophyll fluorescence intensity in the wilting process. It was found that cultivars responded differently to drought. In the studied cultivars, a high correlation dependence of the chlorophyll fluorescence indices of the leaves and the moisture content (0.7-0.9) was traced. On a set of indicators Merkurij cultivar was marked out, it gave away moisture more slowly, restored the leaf surface better, was characterized by better photosynthetic indicators and is promising for cultivation in areas with insufficient water supply.
Coccids distribution and food chains on ornamental cultures in the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens
Authors: Trikoz N. N. , Yatskova E. V.
Published: April 2020

The entomological inventory survey results of super-family Coccoidea in four Arboretum parks - Upper, Lower, Coastal and Montedor - are presented, the predominate species, the distributional pattern and food chains have been found. Four basic coccid groups have been specified according to the pattern of distribution on plants and the food chains. The coccid species composition in the Arboretum is presented by 19 phytophagan species out of 6 families. In all the parks the representatives of the family Coccidae dominate outman and injuriousness. Two coccid species Parthenolecanium corni Bouché. and Parthenolecanium pomeranicum Kaw. are the new ones for the coccid fauna of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. The coccid fauna and its food chains were studied present with the decorative cultivars guided by visual analysis of leaves, tree trunks and boughs. The determined coccids coupled with a part of a forage plant were looked through by means the binocular. The trivial belonging was defined according to N.S. Borhsenius method [1]. The distribution and forage plants occupancy rating was determined by 4 - scorecard scale: 0 ̶ crop pest is not detected; 1 ̶ sporadical plant invasion; 2 ̶ is present often but in small amounts; 3 ̶ mass plants occupancy [4]. The elicited coccid species were divided into polyphagans (P), monophagans (M) and oligophagans (O). As the result of entomological coccid fauna inventory survey in the Arboretum of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens 19 species, which are of six families, were found. Families Diaspididae and Coccidae are the most numerous. The richest species diversity appears in Lower Arboretum park. According to food chains character 8 monophagans, 1 oligophagan and 10 polyphagans have been found. According to the coccid distribution on plants there are 4 groups: the first group includes coccids, which are inhabitants of evergreen shrubbery; the second one occupies leaves and young off-shoots; the third one settles by colonies on tree trunks, skeletal boughs or by rogue specimens; the fourth coccid group is confined to roots. Two new coccid species - Parthenolecanium pomeranicum Kaw. ̶ on common yew and Parthenolecanium corni Bouché. ̶ on high cranberry in the territory of the Arboretum have been found.
Challenges of Teaching Physiology Following the Transition From Traditional Curriculum To An Integrated System-Based Curriculum
Authors: Hasan Zuheir , Sequeira Reginald
Published: April 2020

The transformation of a traditional discipline-based medical curriculum into a system-based integrated curriculum often poses dilemmas to faculty involved in teaching basic medical sciences. This paper examines the challenges of teaching physiology to medical students in a system-based curriculum. Some of these challenges include: defining the core curriculum, curriculum links, sequencing curriculum content, interdisciplinary integration, and student assessment. A number of relevant issues including defining the core physiology content, faculty expertise, and coping and adapting to curriculum transitions are discussed from a personal perspective. For successful implementation of a system-based curriculum and to overcome the challenges, educational issues should be debated in regional and international forums.
Enhancement of medical student performance through narrative reflective practice: a pilot project
Authors: Thomson Alan , Harley Dwight , Cave Marie , Clandinin Jean
Published: April 2020

Background: Narrative Reflective Practice (NRP) is a process that helps medical students become better listeners and physicians. We hypothesized that NRP would enhance students’ performance on multiple choice question exams (MCQs), on objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs), and on subjective clinical evaluations (SCEs). Methods: The MCQs, OSCEs and SCEs test scores from 139 third year University of Alberta medical students from the same class doing their Internal Medicine rotation were collected over a 12 month period. All preceptors followed the same one-hour clinical teaching format, except for the single preceptor who incorporated 2 weeks of NRP in the usual clinical teaching of 16 students. The testing was done at the end of each 8-week rotation, and all students within each cohort received the same MCQs, OSCE and SCEs Results: Independent t-tests were used to assess group differences in the mean MCQ, OSCE and SCE scores. The group receiving NRP training scored 4.7 % higher on the MCQ component than those who did not. The mean differences for OSCE and SCE scores were non-significant. Conclusions: Two weeks NRP exposure produced an absolute increase in students’ MCQ score. Longer periods of NRP exposure may also increase the OSCE and SCE scores. This promising pilot project needs to be confirmed using several trained preceptors and trainees at different levels of their clinical experience.