bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Terra e gado na economia estancieira do Rio Grande do Sul (1985-2022)
Authors: Zanella Francis Casagranda
Published: December 2024

Este artigo analisa as reconfigurações da economia estancieira na região sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, com destaque para dois períodos distintos: 1985-1996 e 1997-2022. Utilizando uma abordagem da economia política das mudanças agrárias, investiga-se o reposicionamento dos estancieiros em meio a transformações globais e locais, com ênfase na propriedade da terra e do gado. A pesquisa se baseia em dados secundários, entrevistas e observação direta, destacando a influência de ajustes liberais e reivindicações regionais no estado brasileiro, bem como a demanda internacional por commodities e terras. Observa-se a transição de uma matriz agropecuária baseada na criação extensiva de gado para a expansão da sojicultura e silvicultura, influenciada pelas articulações entre interesses patronais regionais e políticas setoriais em diferentes níveis de governo, mesmo diante das críticas de setores da sociedade civil. O artigo contribui para a compreensão das dinâmicas de classe e poder nos mercados agropecuários em países de capitalismo dependente, contextualizadas nos cenários históricos e econômicos de transição do desenvolvimentismo para o neoliberalismo. Conclui-se que a conservação do patrimônio fundiário segue como recurso fundamental para o acoplamento dos estancieiros enquanto fração das classes dominantes no interior dos mercados agropecuários sul-rio-grandenses e das disputas nacionais pela apropriação de fundos públicos.
Agrojuventude, subjetivação e engajamento na sociedade do agronegócio
Authors: Gerhardt Cleyton
Published: December 2024

No final dos anos 2000, a confluência de interesses de parte do patronato rural e da agroindústria levou ao investimento em campanhas midiáticas de valorização do agro enquanto símbolo de brasilidade. Além da criação e colonização de inúmeras expressões da língua portuguesa, tal esforço deu início à estruturação de uma potente engrenagem produtora de significações que, ao reafirmar o sentido positivo do termo, com o tempo se autonomizou do controle e intenção original de seus proponentes. Por trás deste movimento de captura - material, cultural, simbólica, linguística, psíquica - encontra-se em curso a fabricação de uma “cosmologia agro” inclusiva e totalizante, com o próprio signo mobilizando pertenci­mentos entre quem habita a “sociedade do agronegócio” ou nela se vê incluída compulsoriamente. Ocorre que, embora mantenha uma estrutura extremamente hierarquizada, além da contínua segmentação e geração de espaços de socialização, nela há lugar para potenciais novos habitantes se engajarem. Com base em tal constatação, e através da imersão no principal meio por onde circula o emblema agro (a internet), hoje poderoso mediador de encontros atravessados por “agrosociabilidades”, o texto descreve como se dá a diferenciação de ambientes partilhados pela agrojuventude.
Renovação política geracional
Authors: Monteiro José Marciano , Oliveira Ricardo Costa de , Goulart Mônica Helena Harrich Silva
Published: December 2024

Nas democracias contemporâneas, em que o sistema político é caracterizado pela competitividade, a transmissão hereditária do poder é um fenômeno paradoxal. Primeiro, porque fica subentendido que as democracias se caracterizam pela rotatividade, alternativa e oxigenação do poder; segundo, que essa oxigenação não deveria ocorrer por meio de processos de renovação na linhagem familiar, através de renovação política geracional, porque induz ao processo de oligarquização política. A renovação política geracional, ao tempo que não oxigena o poder, alimenta a formação de dinastias políticas familiares, potencializando modelos democráticos oligárquicos. É este fenômeno político que se constata neste estudo de caso. Mesmo não havendo transmissão hereditária legal, famílias políticas ocupam posições em diversas instâncias e por várias gerações, em estados e municípios, o que potencializa à construção e reprodução de linhagens familiares, por meio de ações reticulares, muitas delas perfazendo décadas na ocupação de cargos políticos eletivos, como nos casos em questão.  Este trabalho objetiva entender como se constrói o processo de sucessão geracional e a transmissão hereditária do poder em um município de médio porte – Campina Grande – na Paraíba. Para tanto, utilizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica pertinente ao tema, além de dados biográficos e genealógicos, encontrados no CPDOC da FGF e em sites diversos.
Pemberdayaan KTH Perpustakaan Hutan Dalam Pengolahan Ubi Hutan di Desa Liwumetingki
Authors: Hamzah Awaluddin , Hamzah Nurnaningsih , Hadjar Nurhayati
Published: December 2024

Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberdayakan Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) dalam pengolahan ubi hutan di Desa Liwumetingki melalui penguatan kapasitas dan penerapan teknologi inovatif untuk detoksifikasi. Teknologi ini tidak hanya meningkatkan efisiensi pencucian hingga 30%, tetapi juga menjaga keberlanjutan lingkungan dengan mengurangi pencemaran air sungai. Selain itu, pengolahan ubi hutan menjadi produk bernilai tambah seperti keripik dan tepung telah meningkatkan prospek ekonomi masyarakat desa. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa 85% anggota KTH melaporkan peningkatan keterampilan dalam pengolahan hasil hutan. Kegiatan ini juga menekankan pentingnya kolaborasi di dalam komunitas melalui pendekatan partisipatif untuk memaksimalkan keterlibatan dan berbagi pengetahuan di antara anggota. Kegiatan pengabdian ini merekomendasikan perlunya dukungan berkelanjutan dalam bentuk akses modal dan pasar untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Dengan demikian, pengolahan ubi hutan tidak hanya menjadi sumber pendapatan, tetapi juga berkontribusi pada pelestarian lingkungan dan penguatan ketahanan pangan lokal. Namun, tantangan seperti biaya awal pembangunan infrastruktur dan akses pasar masih menjadi kendala yang harus diatasi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kolaborasi berkelanjutan dengan pemerintah daerah dan mitra swasta untuk memperluas dampak program dan memastikan keberhasilannya dalam jangka panjang.
Pentingnya Kesetiaan Suami Istri di Wilayah Rohani St. Carolus Boromeus Paroki Bunda Hati Kudus Woloan
Authors: Danny Surentu Johanes , Paramitha Tirukan Angela
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini berfokus pada pentingnya kesetiaan suami istri di wilayah Rohani St. Carolus Boromeus Paroki Bunda Hati Kudus Woloan. Kesetiaan dianggap sebagai fondasi utama dalam pernikahan, dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor internal dan eksternal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan pemahaman pasangan mengenai makna kesetiaan serta upaya yang dilakukan untuk mempertahankannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, melibatkan 20 pasangan suami istri yang diambil melalui purposive sampling dengan variasi usia perkawinan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara terstruktur, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis dengan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kesetiaan dianggap sebagai dasar hubungan, tercermin dalam dukungan, pemahaman, dan penghormatan satu sama lain. Pasangan menyadari tantangan seperti masalah komunikasi dan pengaruh lingkungan. Upaya mempertahankan kesetiaan meliputi menjaga komitmen, komunikasi terbuka, dan dukungan komunitas. Simpulan menegaskan bahwa kesetiaan adalah elemen vital dalam pernikahan, ditentukan oleh komitmen individu dan dukungan sosial. Kesetiaan yang dipahami dengan baik akan memperkuat hubungan, membantu mengatasi berbagai tantangan. Penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan bahwa kesetiaan berkaitan erat dengan komunikasi yang baik dan dukungan emosional. Kerangka teori penelitian ini berfokus pada pandangan teologis dan psikologis mengenai kesetiaan, menekankan nilai moral dan spiritual dalam hubungan suami istri.
Utilization of BIM Technology, Autocad Software, and Sketch Up in Architectural Design Drawings
Authors: Ulinata Ulinata
Published: December 2024

Architecture is a science that studies designing a building by applying 3 principles, namely strength, function, and beauty. A building generally consists of a form or pattern in the form of 2 dimensions, for example, the floor plane, the ceiling plane, and others, and the shape/form consists of the shape/shape of a volume (3 dimensions), for example, the space in the building. In designing a building, an architect who is an expert in the field of architecture is needed. This study uses a descriptive method to find out how to make design drawing documents by utilizing BIM technology, AutoCAD software, and SketchUp.  The results show that BIM technology, AutoCAD software, and Sketch can produce architectural design drawings more efficiently in terms of time, and cost and produce more accurate image quality. From the explanation above, it can be concluded that the results show that the use of BIM technology, AutoCAD software, and sketch-up in architectural design can produce architectural design drawings more efficiently in terms of time, and cost and produce more accurate image quality.
Nivel socioeconómico y habilidades sociales en estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Ramos Tubón Andrés Roberto , Vasquez de la Bandera Cabezas Fabricio Alejandro
Published: December 2024

El nivel socioeconómico y las habilidades sociales son esenciales para el desarrollo social y comunicativo. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre ambas variables en adolescentes de bachillerato, comparando hombres y mujeres. Un nivel socioeconómico bajo y habilidades sociales deficientes, resultan perjudiciales para la realización de actividades diarias. La investigación de enfoque cuantitativo no experimental, utilizó una muestra de 96 personas de la provincia de Tungurahua, y no encontró una relación significativa entre el nivel socioeconómico y habilidades sociales. Se destaca que el 42.7% de los estudiantes pertenecían al nivel socioeconómico medio, mientras que el 54.2% muestra un nivel alto de habilidades sociales. No se hallaron diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres con respecto a las habilidades sociales, ya que ambos obtuvieron resultados similares en la media de habilidades sociales.
Evaluación de la inclusión de cebadilla de cerveza en la alimentación de pollos de engorde para promover la producción sostenible y el valor agregado en áreas rurales
Authors: Coyago Durán Adriana Daniela , Andrade Yucailla Verónica Cristina
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la inclusión de cebadilla de cerveza en la alimentación de pollos de engorde para promover la producción sostenible y el valor agregado en áreas rurales, el trabajo se llevo a cabo en el Centro Experimental de Investigación y Producción Amazónica (CEIPA) de la Universidad Estatal Amazónica localizado entre la provincia de Pastaza y Napo. Se utilizaron 280 pollos broiler de la línea Cobb 500 con 21 días de vida de un peso promedio de 897.11 g, se estableció 3 tratamientos y un testigo para las etapas de crecimiento y engorde: T0 (balanceado comercial), T1 (balanceado comercial + 5% de cebadilla de cerveza) T2 (balanceado comercial + 10% de cebadilla de cerveza), T3 (balanceado comercial + 15% de cebadilla de cerveza), con 5 repeticiones para cada tratamiento, con 14 unidades experimentales por repetición, los datos obtenidos para cada variable se analizaron estadísticamente en el software estadístico Statistical Analysis System (SAS), para la comparación de medias entre los tratamientos se aplicó la prueba de Tukey, para identificar si los avicultores conocen sobre la cebadilla de cerveza se aplicó una encuesta estructurada a 50 productores con la finalidad de registrar información importante acerca del uso de alimentos alternativos, la información fue analizada a través de una estadística descriptiva con tabla de frecuencias. Los resultados mostraron que T0 y T1 alcanzaron valores similares en ciertos parámetros productivos siendo T1 el que registró los mejores valores en PF (2587.33 g), GP (1693.75 g), GDP (76.98 g/día), CA (1.79), IEA (144.19) y la relación B/C más alta con 1.32, sin embargo, en Consumo de alimento T0 (3320.94) y T3 (3320.19) obtuvieron valores altos y similares, indicando que T1 es la alternativa más sugerida para mejorar el desempeño en pollos de engorde bajo las condiciones estudiada a la vez es favorable que conocen de la cebadilla un 86% de avicultores mismo que no lo han utilizado pero un 56% conocen de sistemas de alimentación convencional y alternativa lo que refiere que si aplican alimentos alternativos de la zona.
PENGGUNAAN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) DALAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM
Authors: Sholihah Rohmahjimi
Published: December 2024

This study aims to describe the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in improving Islamic Religious Education learning. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with the Kemmis and McTaggart spiral model approach, which involves the cycle of planning, implementing actions, observing, and reflecting. The results of the study showed that there was a significant increase in understanding of Islamic Religious Education material, there was an increase in student activeness in discussions, asking questions, and being involved in learning activities, which created a more dynamic learning atmosphere, there was a significant increase in practical skills in practical skills.
SIMULASI PhET: SEBUAH STUDI DESKRIPTIF KUALITATIF TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN ARGUMENTASI
Authors: Wulandari Arum
Published: December 2024

This study aims to explore students' argumentation skills in physics learning using PhET simulation as a teaching medium. The research method used is qualitative descriptive, with data collection through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The subjects of this study were 10th-grade high school students. The results show that using PhET simulation improves students' argumentation skills. These argumentation skills develop through discussions and problem-solving facilitated by the simulation. This study concludes that PhET simulation can be an effective tool in physics learning to enhance students' critical thinking and argumentation skills.
Infancias
Authors:   Atarraya
Published: December 2024

Luz María Zárate, DR © Fotografía Oaxaca, Oax., 2024 Fotografía Teotitlán del Valle, Oax., 2024 Sitio de la autora Esta es una reproducción digital, con fines de divulgación, de una obra original, todos los derechos de autor y reproducción están reservados por el artista.
U.S. trade in the sphere of strategic products and services as the first level of analysis of its economic security
Authors: Todorović Marina
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this research paper is to highlight the importance of the interplay between trade and economic performance, along with the connections among U.S. trade in critical goods and services and its economic security. The scientific paper seeks to elucidate why U.S. trade in strategic goods and services constitutes the primary axis of analysis for its economic security and explore the historical emergence of the concept of economic security. The realm of economic security is largely shaped by the economic policies and foreign trade actions taken by a country. The paper points out that the U.S. foreign trade policy model is among the most sophisticated in the world, if not the most detailed. New findings indicate that three major trends are fundamentally shaping economic security policies - resilience, protection and competition. Strategic competition with China is a cornerstone of U.S. economic security policy. The obtained insights indicate an in-depth examination of the wide range of U.S. foreign economic policy challenges and factors essential to developing strategies for competing with China. Methods used during the research are - the analytical-synthetic method, method of generalization and concretization, method of classification and, also, the historical method and content analysis method.
Visual identity and artistic design of Međaj magazine cover: 1981-2024
Authors: Bjelica Bojana
Published: December 2024

The first issue of Međaj magazine was published in 1981 by the Self-Managing Communities of Interest for Culture of the Municipality of Titovo Užice and the Public Library "Edvard Kardelj"; and is still being published. In the year when the City of Užice has been declared the National Capital of Culture, this paper aims to point to the importance of Međaj, one of its symbols. The paper analyzes changes in the visual identity of the magazine and the cover design from the first issue to the present day. The magazine format, fonts, arrangement of information on the cover, colours, illustrations, and artworks are analyzed. Authors who collaborated on conceptual solutions and artists whose reproductions were on the cover are also mentioned.
Inclusion of modern technology in the work of the Public library "Radoje Domanović" in Leskovac: 3D printing and robotics
Authors: Ilić Vesna , Stojanović Nadica
Published: December 2024

The paper discusses the inclusion of modern technology in the work of the "Radoje Domanović" Public Library in Leskovac, with an emphasis on 3D printing technology and robotics; about the implemented projects "Digital citizen", "3D LAB" and "Robots from the library" through which the Library acquired 3D printers, a 3D scanner and Micro: Maqueen Micro: Bit robots and LEGO robots; about the Makerspace library caravan of ideas and the workshops that take place within it, and through which the presentation and training of the modern technology that the Library owns is carried out. Ways of applying 3D printing technology and robotics in working with children, young people and adults, as well as application in socially beneficial and humanitarian work during the corona virus pandemic, are listed. Proposals for possible services that libraries can offer to users and citizens are also given, regarding 3D printing and robotics. Proposals for possible services that libraries can offer to users and citizens, concerning 3D printing and robotics and their combination with various forms of art, are also given, which further contributes to the development of cooperation between the Leskovac Library and other cultural and educational institutions in the local community.
Exploring Determinants of Financial Access for SMEs in Zambia's Construction Sector
Authors: Mwanaumo Erastus , Ngoy Kabemba Steve , Kunda Victor
Published: December 2024

This study explores determinants in accessing finance for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the Zambian construction industry, with a specific focus on the impact of financial literacy, collateral requirements, and credit history. The research adopted a survey approach to collect data from 78 SMEs operating in the construction sector. The findings highlight key determinants, including stringent collateral requirements, high interest rates, and short repayment periods associated with bank loans. The study also reveals a significant positive correlation between financial literacy and access to finance, suggesting that SMEs with a higher level of financial knowledge are more likely to secure financing. Moreover, the research identifies collateral requirements and credit history as critical factors influencing access to finance for SMEs in the construction industry. SMEs struggle to provide adequate collateral, leading to challenges in accessing credit from financial institutions. Engaging with financial institutions to reduce lending rates or establishing a construction bank to provide specialized financing and guarantees to financial institutions on behalf of SME entrepreneurs can positively impact the Zambian construction sector.
ABŞERON YARIMADASININ BOZ-QONUR TORPAQLARINDA PARKLARIN VƏ YAŞILLIQLARIN SAHƏSİNİN GENİŞLƏNDİRİLMƏSİ İMKANLARI
Authors: Məmmədov M.Ə. , Əzizova N.Ə. , Nəsirova Ç.A. , Zülfüqarova M.A.
Published: December 2024

Məqalədə Abşeron  yarımadasında  Bakı şəhərində və  ətrafında salınmış  parklar və yaşıllıqlar altında yayılan   şoran-şorakətli  və suvarılan şoran torpaqların yayılma arealları araşdırılır.  Boz-qonur  torpaqların fiziki-kimyəvi  xüsusiyyətlərinin formalaşmasına üçüncü- dördüncü dövrlərin duzlu-gipsli çökmə süxurların,   qumların,  gillərin və əhəng daşlarının təsiri və  torpaq əmələgətirən  süxurların litoloji tərkibi tədqiq edilir.   Abşeron  yarımadasının  geoloji-geomorfoloji  quruluşunun  alçaq dağlıq və təpəli düzənliklərdə boz-qonur  torpaqların  müxtəlif  yarımtiplərinin yayılmasına təsiri araşdırılır. Yarımadada yayı quraq keçən yarımsəhra  və quru-çöl  iqlim şəraitində  şimal-qərbdəki  dağlıq hissəsində  və düzənliklərində   boz-qonur  torpaqların  müxtəlifyarım tiplərinin formalaşmasına təsiri araşdırılır.  Abşeron  yarmadasının qərbində  alçaq dağlıq ərazilərdə geniş yayılan şoran-şorakətli və suvarılan-şoran boz-qonur  torpaqların yayılmasına  yarımsəhra   bitki örtüyünün təsiri  öyrənilmişdir. Abşeron yarımadasının  mərkəz və qərb hissəsində yayılan şoran-şorakətli,  suvarılan- şoran boz-qonur torpaqlarda salınmış qəsəbələr ətrafında olan parklarda,  Nəbatət bağı altında və Ceyranbatan su anbarı ətrafında yayılan  boz-qonur  torpaqların  fiziki-kimyəvi xüsusiyyətlərinin dəyişməsi təhlil edilir.
BÖYÜK QAFQAZIN CƏNUB-ŞƏRQ HİSSƏSİNİN BƏZİ MİKROORONİMLƏRİNİN TƏDQİQİ (Mənfi relyef formalarını əks etdirən mikrooronimlər)
Authors: Bəndəliyev V.N.
Published: December 2024

Mə­qa­lə­də Bö­yük Qaf­qa­zın cə­nub-şərq his­sə­si­nin mən­fi rel­yef for­ma­larının mik­ro­ad­la­rın­dan bəhs edi­lir. Qeyd edi­lən əra­zi müs­bət və mən­fi rel­yef for­ma­larının mik­roo­ro­nim­lər­lə zən­gin ol­ma­sı ilə  fərq­lə­nir. Ümu­miy­yət­lə, bu əra­zi­lə­r­də is­tə­ni­lən qə­dər mik­ro­ad­la­rı özün­də əks et­di­rən mən­fi rel­yef for­ma­larının coğ­ra­fi ad­ları var­dır. Bü­tün bun­la­ra sə­bəb isə əra­zi­nin şa­qu­li zo­nal­lı­ğı (aran, yay­laq və  s.) im­kan ver­miş­dir. Çün­ki əha­li yay­laq-qış­laq ki­mi is­ti­fa­də et­dik­lə­ri sa­hə­lər­də hər bir ob­yek­tə ad ver­miş­lər. To­po­nim­lər tə­bii-ta­ri­xi, mə­nə­vi-ədə­bi ir­si­mi­zin qo­run­ma­sı, o cüm­lə­dən Azər­bay­can xal­qı­nın ta­ri­xi-coğ­ra­fi keç­mi­şi­nin ay­rı-ay­rı döv­rü­nün öy­rə­nil­mə­sin­də  qiy­mət­li və zən­gin ta­ri­xi mən­bə ol­maq­la, di­gər elm sa­hə­lə­ri üçün də ma­raq­lı təd­qi­qat ob­yek­ti­dir. Bu ba­xım­dan əra­zi­dən qey­də alın­mış bə­zi şəxs, tay­fa, nə­sil ad­la­rı, si­ta­yiş yer­lə­ri, fay­da­lı qa­zın­tı ad­la­rı, rel­yef, rəng, möv­qe bil­di­rən, hid­ro­­nim, ya­şa­yış mən­tə­qə ad­la­rı, tə­sər­rü­fat fəa­liy­yə­ti, qa­la ad­la­rı, bit­ki və hey­van ad­la­rı və b. bağ­lı ya­ran­mış mən­fi rel­yef  for­ma­lı  mik­roo­ro­nim­lə­ri təd­qi­qa­ta cəlb edil­miş­dir. Mik­roo­ro­nim­lə­rin ta­ri­xi keç­mi­şi, onun di­li, ya­ran­ma ta­ri­xi, mən­şə­yi, mə­na­sı və s. haq­qın­da araş­dır­ma­lar apa­rıl­mış­dır.
UPDATING TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS USING INTERACTIVE GIS PROGRAMS
Authors: Musayev I.F.
Published: December 2024

The area covering a certain part of the earth’s surface is a place where human activity is constantly in contact with nature. Along with natural elements such as land, water, and vegetation, the area also includes settle-ments, a road network, power lines and communications, canals, various types of outbuildings, industrial and socio-cultural facilities, and other artificial elements that are the product of human activity. It should be noted that technological development over time affects the soil, surfaces, and atmosphere of the earth, and this, in turn, causes global climate change. The entire landscape structure of the area and infrastructural buildings created by man are changing. Timely monitoring of changes, their mapping, and forecasting for the future is one of the most pressing problems of our time. The article presents the possibilities of updating topographic maps by quickly detecting changes occurring in large areas with the mutual use of GIS programs such as Erdas Imagine, Global Mapper, and ArcGIS Pro.
AZƏRBAYCANDA İSTEHSALIN EKOLOJİ CƏHƏTDƏN TƏKMİLLƏŞDİRİLMƏSİNİN İQTİSADİ-COĞRAFİ ƏSASLARI
Authors: Məmmədov M.X.
Published: December 2024

Mə­qa­lə­də Azər­bay­can­da is­teh­sa­lın eko­lo­ji cə­hət­dən tək­mil­ləş­di­ril­mə­si ilə bağ­lı əsas prin­sip­lər və on­la­rın tət­bi­qi mə­sə­lə­lə­ri təd­qiq olu­nur. Be­lə ki, tə­bii re­surs­lar­dan sə­mə­rə­li is­ti­fa­də edil­mə­si, on­la­rın in­ten­siv­li­yi, is­ti­fa­də­nin üsul­la­rı və mən­fi tə­sir­lə­rin qar­şı­sı­nın alın­ma­sı ki­mi mü­hüm as­pekt­lər ge­niş şə­kil­də araş­dı­rı­lır. Mə­qa­lə­də həm­çi­nin tə­bii re­surs­la­rın el­mi və es­te­tik də­yə­ri­nin qo­run­ma­sı mə­sə­lə­si də əha­tə olu­nur. Bun­lar­la ya­na­şı, öl­kə­nin re­gi­on­la­rın­da da­ya­nıq­lı in­ki­şa­fın tə­min olun­ma­sı fo­nun­da is­teh­sa­lın eko­lo­ji ida­rə­çi­li­yi üz­rə iq­ti­sa­di-coğ­ra­fi is­ti­qa­mət­lər mü­əy­yən edi­lir. İq­lim də­yi­şik­lik­lə­ri və ət­raf mü­hi­tin qo­run­ma­sı ki­mi qlo­bal prob­lem­lə­rin həl­li üçün bu ya­naş­ma­la­rın tət­bi­qi, həm mil­li iq­ti­sa­diy­ya­tın da­vam­lı in­ki­şa­fı­nı tə­min edir, həm də eko­sis­tem­lə­rin da­vam­lı­lı­ğı­nı qo­ru­yur. Be­lə­lik­lə, Azər­bay­ca­nın eko­lo­ji təh­lü­kə­siz­li­yi­nin tə­min edil­mə­si və re­surs­lar­dan sə­mə­rə­li is­ti­fa­də mə­sə­lə­lə­ri öl­kə üz­rə is­teh­sal pro­ses­lə­ri­nin ida­rə edil­mə­sin­də stra­te­ji əhə­miy­yət da­şı­yır.
Numerical study of the influence of flow control methods on the efficiency of a micro-gas turbine
Authors: S.K Osipov  , V.P Sokolov  , Milyukov I.A , M.M Shaikh  , Bukanov A.N
Published: December 2024

This paper presents innovative solutions to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the radial turbine and the efficiency of the Capstone C30 micro-gas turbine unit (micro-GTU) through the integration of a cycle air cooling system and advanced flow control mechanisms. The study investigates various flow control methods within the blade channels of the radial turbine, including splitters, triangular root fins, and inter-tier partitions. The results show that using splitters with a relative length of 0.7 increases internal relative efficiency from 80.9% to 81.75%, implementing triangular root fins enhances efficiency from 80.9% to 81.44%, and adding an inter-tier partition improves internal relative efficiency from 80.9% to 81.7%. A finned turbine configuration with splitters of relative length 0.7 achieves the highest internal relative efficiency of 82.2%. These advancements contribute to improved turbine performance and efficiency, addressing the need for enhanced domestic energy solutions in the context of distributed energy generation in Russia.
Synthesis, in vivo, ADME, and molecular docking studies of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-pyridine conjugates as new anti-convulsant agents
Authors: Rani Neeru , Shukla Pushpendra Kumar , Kumar Rajnish
Published: December 2024

Several new 3-(((substituted phenyl)amino)methyl)-5-(pyridine-3-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2(3H)-thiones (3a-o) have been synthesized and tested for their anti-epileptic potential. In this research work, In vivo screening was completed using maximal electroshock seizure and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole animal models while in silico screening was done by utilizing AutoDock 4.2 version. Among all the synthesized compounds, compounds 3d, 3e, 3g, and 3i have demonstrated significant anti-convulsant activity in comparison to standard drug phenytoin without any neurotoxicity. The compounds that showed protection against convulsions in MES and scPTZ screening models were also found to be anti-depressants upon testing for motor impairment through a conventional method where an actophotometer was used. The anti-depressant action of the molecules indicated their mechanism of action as anti-epileptic molecules which was further established by the interactions of the synthesized molecules with different target proteins like GABAA, VGSCs, and NMDA.. KEYWORDS :1,3,4-Oxadiazoles, Anti-epileptic activity, In-silico studies, Pharmacokinetic parameters, Subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole.
Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial screening of some 5-methyl-2-substituted phenyl-3- (phenylsulfonyl)thiazolidin-4-ones
Authors: Allahyani Mamdouh , Almehmadi Mazen , Abdulaziz Osama , Alshamrani Mohammed A. , Alzahrani Abdullah Yahya Abdullah , Joshi Kamal Kant , Asif Mohammad
Published: December 2024

The synthesis of some new thiazolidine-sulfonamide derivatives was achieved in two steps. In the first step, appropriate aryl aldehyde reacted with benzene sulfonamide to yield N-arylidene benzene sulfonamide derivatives (1a-h). In the second step, compounds (1a-h) reacted with thiolactic acid to give the 5-methyl-2-substituted phenyl-3-(phenylsulfonyl) thiazolidin-4-one derivatives (2a-h). The compounds 2a-h were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity by agar disc diffusion method. The results showed that compounds 2b, 2c, and 2d exhibited anti-microbial activity against the tested both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains and compounds 2c, 2d, and 2g exhibited significant antifungal activity against fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity of tested compounds was compared with the standard antimicrobial drug ampicillin and antifungal drug clotrimazole.. KEYWORDS :Thiazolidines, Sulphonamides, Antimicrobial, N-Arylidene benzene sulfonamide.
Molecular Docking-Based Synthesis of 5-(4-Aminobenzylidene)thiazolidine-2,4-Dione Derivatives as Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Authors: Desna D.S. , Singh Gurvinder
Published: December 2024

In this work, we synthesized a series of 5 new thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives (5a-5j) through a four-step reaction procedure starting from thiazolidine-2,4-dioneMolecular docking studies were performed to identify potential compounds against peroxisome proliferated activated receptor PDB ID 5GTO. Synthesized compounds were characterized by physicochemical and spectral analysis including Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy IHNMR 13C NMR Mass spectra. All the data were in agreement with the synthesized compounds. Further, the compounds were evaluated for their in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The compound 5a showed significant anti-inflammatory activity also exhibited good anti-oxidant activity. Hence, these compounds can be considered compound for the development of potent anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic agents.. KEYWORDS :Thiazolidinediones, Peroxisome proliferated-activated receptor gamma, Anti-inflammatory, Antidiabetic antioxidant
Development of a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for highly sensitive determination of etravirine (4-[[6-amino-5-bromo-2-[(4-cyanophenyl)amino]-4- pyrimidinyl]oxy]-3,5-dimethyl benzonitrile) in pure drug and formulations
Authors: Khan S. Sardar , Chandrabose Rajesh Shenbhakutty , Pethapachetty Palanisamy , Raj S. Brito , Kumar M. S. Arun , Sona M. , Mugeswaran K. , Shree M. Deepa
Published: December 2024

Etravirine (ETR) is a heterocyclic diarylpyrimidine derivative with the following chemical name 4-([6-amino-5- bromo-2-[(4-cyanophenyl)amino]-4-pyrimidinyl]oxy)-3,5-dimethylbenzonitrile. Complex chemical structures with nitrogen and oxygen atoms create chemical reactivity as well as specificity in the binding. Advanced chromatographic techniques must be used for correct quantification and stability analysis during pharmaceutical applications. By lowering the use of organic solvents and following strict validation guidelines, a novel reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for ETR was developed and validated as effective, dependable, and environmentally friendly. An isocratic eluting method was developed using acetonitrile and buffer (25 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate in water) at a ratio of 30:70 (%v/v) with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min in a Kromasil C18 column at 310 nm. It was found to be linear around 1.50-10.50 μg/mL, with a r2 value of 0.9994. The AGREE tool for evaluating greenness resulted in a score of 0.57, and another tool called the analytical method greenness scored 839.17 and ensured the greenness of the method. The developed method is simple, sensitive, precise, accurate, robust, and reproducible for the analysis of ETR in bulk and tablet formulations for routine analysis.. KEYWORDS :Antiviral, Etravirine, Ultraviolet-visible, High-performance liquid chromatography, Method development and validation, Green method.
Stability Assessment through HPTLC for Concurrent Assessment of Azelnidipine and Telmisartan in Mass and Integrated Tablet Drug Formulation
Authors: Jayashree J. , Haribhuvanesh P. , Mohan S.
Published: December 2024

This study aims to estimate the stability assessment through HPTLC for the concurrent assessment of (±)3-(1-diphenylmethylazetidin-3-yl)5-isopropyl-2-amino-1,4-dihydro-6-methyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridine dicarboxylate (Azelnidipine) and 2-[4-[[4-methyl-6-(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-2-propylbenzimidazol-1-yl]methyl] phenyl]benzoic acid (Telmisartan) in combined tablet formulation, a new HPTLC approach devised and validated that is simple, quick, precise, selective, and accurate stability suggesting. The adsorbent phase used is previously coated with a silica pack on TLC aluminum plates with 60F-254 using Chloroform: Ethyl acetate (5:5 v/v) of a total of 10 ml as the mobile phase. Both Azelnidipine (Rf 0.70) and Telmisartan (Rf 0.17), at 254 nm, densitometric scanning was performed in the reflectance absorptivity mode. In the linearity range of 1-6 μg/ml for Azelnidipine and 5-30 μg/ml for Telmisartan, the calibration graph demonstrated satisfactory linearity with r2 = 0.9967 and 0.9966, respectively. Azelnidipine and Telmisartan percentage assays were discovered to be 98.87 and 100.17. The percent RSD for intraday AZL and TLM experiments was 0.0184 and 0.0068. The percent RSD for AZL and TLM interday trials was discovered as 0.0126 and 0.0068. The LOD for AZL and TLM was discovered as 910 ng/mark and 4570 ng/mark. AZL and TLM were discovered to have LOQs of 2763 ng/mark and 13850 ng/mark, respectively. According to the ICH guidelines, drugs were exposed to acidic, basic, oxidative, photo, and heat-activated degradation. The medication degrades in acidic, basic, oxidative and heat environments but not in light or neutral environments (water). This procedure can be used to efficiently isolate the drug substance from its degradation products and this is used to indicate strength and stability.. KEYWORDS :Azelnidipine, Telmisartan, HPTLC, UV-visible spectroscopy, Validation, Stability studies.
Stability indicating analytical method development and validation for azelnidipine and chlorthalidone by LC-MS method
Authors: Nandhu R. , Manikandan M. , Sanjay S. , Gandhi Meenal , Tharik A. Mohamed Sheik
Published: December 2024

An accurate, precise, and reproducible HPLC-MS-based stability-indicating was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitative determination of Azelnidipine (AZL) and Chlorthalidone (CTE). HPLC-MS method employs an X Bridge C18 column (5 μm, 4.6 x 250 mm) and a mobile phase, 5mM Potassium dihydrogen phosphate: Acetonitrile (10:90 v/v) ratio with, pH 7.8 adjusted using Triethylamine, for the simultaneous determination of AZL and CTE. The detection was carried out at 261 nm with a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The method reveals linearity over the concentration ranges of 0.1-0.6 mcg/ml for AZL and 0.16-0.96 mcg/ml for CTE with correlation coefficients of 0.9901 and 0.9988, respectively. Precision (%RSD) for intraday analysis was found to be 0.98% for AZL and 0.88% for CTE. Accuracy was negotiated at three different concentrations, and the results indicated %Recovery within acceptable limits. Limits of detection and quantification were determined to be 52 ng/ml and 45.6 ng/ml for both compounds, respectively.. KEYWORDS :Azelnidipine, Chlorthalidone, LC-MS, Stability-Indicating method, Method development.
Innovative Pedagogical Approaches in 21st Century Education: A Study on Collaborative Learning Models
Authors: Uslan Uslan , Kamal Muhiddinur , Zulfariati Zulfariati , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Abdillah Muhammad Nur
Published: December 2024

21st century education faces complex challenges due to technological developments, globalization, and the need for new skills in the digital age. In this context, innovative pedagogical approaches are essential to support relevant and effective learning. This study aims to explore the collaborative learning model as one of the innovative approaches in 21st century education. Using a qualitative method based on literature study or library research, this study examines various scientific literature, research reports, and policy documents related to the implementation of collaborative learning. The results show that collaborative learning provides many benefits, including improved critical thinking skills, communication skills, and teamwork among students. In addition, this approach has proven to be effective in building an inclusive learning environment and supporting active learning. However, the study also identified several challenges, such as the need for teacher training, careful planning, and adjustment to the individual needs of students. In 21st century education, the application of technology in collaborative learning is a key factor to facilitate collaboration across geographical and cultural boundaries. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of integrating collaborative learning models in the education system to face the demands of the times. This study makes theoretical and practical contributions in developing innovative pedagogical approaches that are relevant to the needs of 21st century learners.
Fostering Employee Well-Being: The Impact of Work-Life Balance Policies on Organizational Productivity
Authors: Sumarno Sumarno , Sumartono Eddy , Sampurno Satryo Dito , Ginny Puti Lenggo , Abdillah Muhammad Nur
Published: December 2024

Improving employee well-being has become a top priority for modern organizations due to its significant impact on productivity. The work-life balance policy is recognized as an important strategy to reduce conflicts between work and personal responsibilities, improve employee welfare, and strengthen organizational performance. This study aims to analyze the impact of work-life balance policies on employee welfare and how the implementation of these policies affects the overall productivity of the organization. This study uses a literature study method by analyzing various studies in the last five years. The results of the study show that policies such as work flexibility, mental health programs, and family leave have a positive impact on job satisfaction, employee engagement, and loyalty to the organization. In addition, the implementation of this policy effectively increases productivity through reducing attendance and turnover rates. Inclusive strategies such as employee involvement in policy evaluations and active supervisor support contribute to creating a harmonious and sustainable work environment. These findings underscore the importance of work-life balance policies as a strategic tool to improve individual well-being while ensuring organizational success. The suggestions put forward include increasing stress management training, periodic policy evaluations, and developing policies based on employee needs to support long-term productivity.
الأوضـاع الصحية في برقة من خلال الوثائق التاريخية 1835-1911م
Authors: سليمان المبروك محمود صالح , شعيب عبدالحميد ابسيس
Published: December 2024

يتمحور موضوع البحث حول دراسة الأوضاع الصحية بإقليم برقة خلال العهد العثماني الثاني من خلال الوثائق الصحية التي أشارت إلى تفشي الكثير من الأوبئة والأمراض المختلفة ببرقة خلال فترة الدراسة، وقد تناول البحث تلك الأوبئة والأمراض وفترات تفشيها داخل إقليم برقة، حيث قدمت الوثائق دراسة مهمة أظهرت مدى معاناه سكان الاقليم من تلك الأمراض.
مراسلات الدولة العثمانية لحفظ أمن إيالة طرابلس الغرب خلال النصف الثاني من القرن (10ه/16م)
Authors: بيشي رحيمة , بن عروس وحيد دانيال
Published: December 2024

بعد إلحاق طرابلس الغرب بالدولة العثمانية سنة (957 ه/1551م)، سعت هذه الأخيرة لتنظيم الإيالة الجديدة من خلال فرض وسن قوانين وقواعد تنظيمية تضبط ذلك ، قصد إحلال الأمن وتأمين الاستقرار الداخلي، وكما يقول "مالك بن نبي" في مقولته الشهيرة " القابلية للاستعمار" أن الضعف الداخلي يؤدي حتما لأطماع خارجية، وهي سنة كونية فالطبيعة لا تأبى الفراغ، وهذا ما كانت تخشاه الدولة العثمانية على إيالتها الفتية، بحكم موقعها الاستراتيجي، وإطلالتها الشمالية على المتوسط، وبحكم الظرفية المتوسطية آنذاك، غذت دار حرب مستهدفة من قبل أعدائها، وأعداء الدولة العثمانية، الأمر الذي أوجب على  الحكام العثمانيين متابعة كل صغيرة و كبيرة عنها، و الرد على الشكاوي التي ترد اسطنبول، وتوجيه جل إمكانياتهم لفرض الأمن والسلم وإقامة العدل بين الأهالي، والضرب بيد من حديد  على كل من يخالف ذلك، وكذا التشديد على حكامها في الحرص على تجديد تحصيناتها، وترميم منشآتها، وعليه جاءت إشكالية الموضوع كما يلي: فيم تجلت جهود الحكام العثمانيين في حماية إيالة طرابلس الغرب وفق ما ورد في الوثائق العثمانية خلال  النصف الثاني من القرن (10ه/16م)؟، وخلصت الورقة البحثية إلى الدور الفاعل الذي لعبه الحكام العثمانيون في حماية طرابلس الغرب من الاعتداءات الخارجية، وكذا فرض الأمن والاستقرار، وردع تمردات الجند الانكشاري، وكذا محاربة الاستيلاءات غير الشرعية على أملاك الأهالي، ومعاقبة البيلربايات وموظفي الدولة الذين يستعملون بعض الأهالي في أعمالهم الخاصة دون أجر مقابل ذلك، ومصادرة غلاتهم وملابسهم  دون تسديد ثمنها.
التقرير السنوي الأول للجامعة الليبية 1955-1956
Authors: كريم حسن المدني علي
Published: December 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى عرض وتقديم لوثيقة تاريخية مهمة تنشر للمرة الأولى وهي التقرير السنوي الأول للجامعة الليبية لسنة 1955-1956، دفعة اثنين وثلاثين طالباً. تاريخ إعداد هذا التقرير 28 أغسطس 1956 وموجه إلى رئيس الجامعة الليبية حينها الدكتور محمود البشتي الذي يبدو كان بطرابلس وقت إعداد التقرير كما أرسلت منه نسخة إلى وزارة الخارجية الامريكية عن طريق القنصلية الامريكية ببنغازي بتاريخ 12 سبتمبر 1956.  وهو عبارة عن تقرير سنوي أكاديمي لجميع أنشطة الجامعة الدراسية والإدارية في تلك السنة مع بعض التفاصيل الانشائية في سنتها الأولى والتي تمثل وثيقة مهمة لنشأة وتطور التعليم العالي بالدولة الليبية الحديثة. كما يعكس هذا التقرير سياسة معديها تجاه ليبيا في تلك الفترة. أعد  التقرير الدكتور ويندل كليلاند أول عميد لكلية الآداب والتربية الذي أرسلته وزارة الخارجية الامريكية حينها في إطار المساعدات الامريكية للجامعة الليبية والتي تعكس بوجهها الأخر سياسة محاربة المد القومي بأول مؤسسة تعليم عالي بالبلاد. كتب هذا التقرير في اللغتين العربية والانجليزية مع أثنى عشر ملحق. حيث تحصلت على النسخة الإنجليزية من أرشيف وزارة الخارجية الأمريكية بالولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. لتكون ترجمة وعرض وتقديم للتقرير مع التحليلات بين الحين والآخر حول محتويات وتفاصيل هذا التقرير.
عينات من وثائق تاريخ ليبيا1911-1943م المحفوظة بدار الوثائق القومية بالقاهرة
Authors: غويطة مفتاح بلعيد
Published: December 2024

تكتسب الوثائق والمخطوطات التاريخية أهمية قصوى في دراسة تاريخ الدول والشعوب، وتاريخ ليبيا لا يشذ عن هذه القاعدة. إن من أبرز أهداف هذه الدراسة عرض وتحليل نصوص لعينات من الوثائق غير المنشورة عن تاريخ ليبيا في الفترة المعنية، تحتفظ بها محافظ وملفات الوحدات الأرشيفية المتعددة والمحفوظة في دار الوثائق القومية بالقاهرة. وتكتسب هذه الوثائق أهمية بالغة؛ إذ أنها تتعلق بقضايا حساسة عايشها الليبيون أثناء الحقبة الاستعمارية الإيطالية، طرحت الدراسة إشكالاً محدداً مضمونه ما طبيعة الوثائق المصرية المختارة؟، وما أهميتها عند دراسة التاريخ الليبي؟. وللإجابة عن هذا التساؤل اتبعت الدراسة المنهج التاريخي القائم على السرد والوصف والتحليل، من خلال تناول الموضوع عبر مبحثين رئيسيين: اهتم أولهما بعرض عينات من وثائق تاريخ ليبيا تحت الاحتلال الإيطالي، واهتم ثانيهما بتبيان أهمية الوثائق لدراسة تاريخ ليبيا تحت الاحتلال الإيطالي، وذيلت الدراسة بملاحق لنماذج من الوثائق المستخدمة، توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج من أهمها: أن وثائق تاريخ ليبيا بالأرشيف الوثائقي المصري كانت مصنفة تصنيفاً دقيقاً يسهل إلى حد ما الاطلاع عليها، فضلاً عن ذلك هناك تباين بين محتويات الوحدات الأرشيفية، فمثلاً وثائق عابدين ووثائق وزارة الخارجية المصرية بتصنيفاتها المختلفة غنية بالوثائق ذات الصلة بتاريخ ليبيا تحت الحكم الإيطالي مقارنة بالوحدات الأرشيفية الأخرى، وكانت الفترة الفاشية حبلى بالمراسلات والوثائق ذات الصلة، مقارنة بالفترة الأولى من الحكم الإيطالي التي كانت وثائقها قليلة بدار الوثائق، ربما لفترة السلم وهدوء الحالة التي سادت برقة المجاورة لمصر وخاصة خلال الفترة 1916-1923م.
Book Review- The Global Currency Power of the US Dollar Problems and Prospects
Authors: Khanijou Sandeep
Published: December 2024

The United States dollar is the dominant currency for international trade and financial transactions conducted globally. Countries around the world conduct most cross-border transactions as well as hold their foreign reserves in US dollars despite having their own currencies. Some other currencies of other advanced countries or regions such as the pound, the euro, and the yen are also used beyond their territorial domain, but on a much smaller scale than the dollar. To put into perspectives, the dollar accounted for nearly 60 percent of global reserves reported to the International Monetary Fund and constituted approximately 88.3 percent of all foreign exchange transactions. Moreover, more than 40 percent of global payments were done through the dollar.
Leptin Signaling: Decoding of Genetic Pathways using Bioinformatics; Shaping Bariatric Surgery Outcomes
Authors: Adiga Usha , Vasishta Sampara , Augustine Alfred J.
Published: December 2024

Background: Leptin, a hormone central to energy homeostasis and appetite regulation, plays a pivotal role in obesity and metabolic health. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the leptin (LEP) and leptin receptor (LEPR) genes influence leptin signaling and may explain variability in outcomes following bariatric surgery. This bioinformatics-driven study examines the role of LEP and LEPR SNPs in modulating weight loss, metabolic changes, and hormonal responses post-surgery.
Methods: A total of 55 leptin SNPs and 216 leptin receptor SNPs were assessed for functional impact using SIFT, PolyPhen-2, and Mutation Assessor. Pathway enrichment analyses using DAVID and g:Profiler identified biological processes and signaling pathways linked to leptin function. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed via STRING and visualized in Cytoscape to explore molecular interactions. Statistical models evaluated associations between SNPs and surgical outcomes, including weight loss and metabolic improvements. Key pathways with false discovery rates (FDR) < 0.01 were highlighted to emphasize significance.
Results: Bioinformatics analyses revealed LEP and LEPR as critical variants associated with bariatric surgery outcomes. Specifically, LEP rs7799039 G allele carriers exhibited diminished weight loss (p < 0.05) and metabolic improvements. Functional prediction tools consistently indicated deleterious effects on leptin signaling. Pathway enrichment analyses identified leptin's involvement in critical pathways, including the adipocytokine signaling pathway (hsa04920, 2 of 68 genes, strength = 2.46, FDR = 0.0042)," "AMPK signaling pathway (hsa04152, 2 of 120 genes, strength = 2.22, FDR = 0.0064)," and "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) pathway (hsa04932, 2 of 146 genes, strength = 2.13, FDR = 0.0064). PPI networks underscored leptin’s interactions with key metabolic and inflammatory regulators, such as TNF-α and IL-6, suggesting a broader impact on energy metabolism and inflammation.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the utility of bioinformatics in elucidating the genetic basis of variable bariatric surgery outcomes. LEP and LEPR SNPs modulate critical pathways influencing weight loss and metabolic responses. Integrating genetic insights with bariatric care could advance precision medicine approaches for obesity management. Future studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm these findings and strengthen predictive models.