bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emojis and Exclamation Points: Men’s Expressiveness and Subsequent Evaluation in Interpersonal Mobile Communication
Authors: Bowman Jonathan M. , Pace Roger C.
Published: November 2022

Increased text messaging across relationships is well-documented, but little research explores how texting style impacts initial impressions of gender/sexuality. Extended research demonstrating that some men avoid expressive forms of communication in order to appear masculine, this project explores whether expressive text messaging (frequent emoji usage and exclamation points) is likely to decrease perceptions of masculinity and/or heterosexuality among male-identified confederates. In a 2 x 2 experiment (expressiveness by confederate sex), participants texted with an unknown interaction partner and rated conversational qualities and perceived attributions about the masculinity/heterosexuality of those confederates. While participants preferred interacting with more expressive partners, there were significant impacts upon ratings of partners’ gender and sexual orientations. Results have implications for men’s development of interpersonal relationships with unknown others.
The Global/Local Product Attribute: Decomposition, Trivialization, and Price Trade-Offs in Emerging and Developed Markets
Authors: Davvetas Vasileios , Sichtmann Christina , Saridakis Charalampos (Babis) , Diamantopoulos Adamantios
Published: November 2022

Accelerating antiglobalization challenges previously undisputed assumptions about the importance of a product's globalness/localness in purchase decisions. Putting these assumptions to test, this article conceptualizes globalness/localness as a distinct product attribute and decomposes its utility into weight and preference components. Subsequently, it offers an equity-theory-based prediction of the attribute's declining relevance/trivialization and quantifies its trade-offs with other attributes by calculating global/local price premiums. Conjoint experiments in two countries (Austria and India) reveal that (1) emerging- (developed-) market consumers exhibit relative preference for global (local) products, (2) emerging-market consumers perceive higher preference inequity between global and local products than developed-market consumers, and (3) the corresponding inequity triggers consumers’ cognitive inequity regulation (manifested through attribute trivialization in developed markets) and behavioral inequity regulation (manifested through asymmetrical willingness to pay for global/local products across developed/emerging markets). In addition, attribute trivialization and price premium tolerance are moderated by consumers’ spatial identities and price segment. The findings contribute to the theoretical debate on the relevance of product globalness/localness in deglobalizing times and inform competitive strategies; segmentation, targeting, and positioning; and international pricing decisions.
Exploring the Perspectives of Professionals on Providing Intimate Partner Violence Services to Women With Disabilities
Authors: Namatovu Fredinah , Ineland Jens , Lövgren Veronica
Published: November 2022

This study explored the experiences and perceptions of professional service providers offering services to women with disabilities exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). Eighteen in-depth interviews were conducted with service providers working in health care, social work, the police, women’s shelters, and the Centre for Violence Against Women. Our findings suggest that providing adequate IPV services to women with disabilities requires coordination and collaboration. IPV services were organized around five overarching themes: finding services; assessing the risk; identification; protection and care; and becoming independent. This approach was helpful for women who faced disability-related challenges in accessing IPV services.
Motivations and Barriers to Help-Seeking Among Female Victims of Intimate Partner Violence in Ghana
Authors: Rohn Emmanuel , Tenkorang Eric Y.
Published: November 2022

This study used qualitative data from 30 women in three of Ghana's 16 administrative regions to explore motivations and barriers to help-seeking among victims of intimate partner violence. Results of the thematic analysis showed low reporting to formal support networks, such as the Domestic Violence and Victim Support Unit or the police, with higher preference for informal sources, such as family members and friends. Motivations to seek help included fatigue, severity of abuse, abusive partner's negligence in honoring marital obligations, and trust in family members. Barriers to help-seeking included: fear of divorce, stigmatization, lack of trust in formal support channels, sociocultural norms emphasizing gender role expectations, and family privacy.
Custom designed and 3D-printed titanium pelvic implants for acetabular reconstruction after tumour resection
Authors: Broekhuis Demien , Boyle Richard , Karunaratne Sascha , Chua Alfred , Stalley Paul
Published: November 2022

Background:

Reconstructive procedure following resection of large pelvic tumours around the hip joint remains a complex challenge.

Methods:

This study presents a retrospective case series of patients presenting with benign or malignant pelvic tumour for which an internal hemipelvectomy including the hip joint and subsequent reconstruction with a custom designed 3-dimensional printed titanium pelvic implant (3DPPI) has been performed between August 2013 and January 2018.

Results:

15 consecutive patients with a median age of 33.9 years (IQR 26.4–72.2) and a median BMI of 20.7 kg/m2 (IQR 19.0–33.3) were reviewed after median follow-up of 33.8 months (IQR 24.0–78.1). The majority of patients presented with a malignant tumour as their principal diagnosis ( n  = 13, 86.7%). The median surgical time was 5.5 hours (IQR 4.5–8.5) and median peri-operative blood loss was 5000 ml (IQR 2000–10000). The median MSTS score at follow-up was 63.3% (IQR 51.7–86.7%). The median NRS in rest was 0.0 (IQR 0.0–5.0), the median NRS during activity was 2.0 (IQR 0.5–7.0) and the median HOOS-PS was 76.6% (IQR 67.9–91.0). 4 patients had implant-specific complications ( n  = 4, 26.6%); 1 hip dislocation (Henderson type 1a), 3 structural complications (type 3a), 1 deep infection (type 4a) and 1 local tumour recurrence (type 5b). At follow-up, 4 out of 15 implants were classified as a failure, resulting in an implant survival rate of 73.3%.

Conclusions:

Acceptable peri-operative outcomes, functional results, complication rates and short-term implant survival can be achieved in a cohort of complex patients undergoing 3DPPI reconstruction after hemipelvectomy including the acetabulum.
Churches and Urban Regeneration in Postindustrial Amsterdam
Authors: van de Kamp Linda
Published: November 2022

The central focus of this article is the interaction between religious actors and urban regeneration in the former industrial area of Amsterdam North. While there is extensive literature on the structural, sociocultural, and economic impact of urban regeneration and related processes of gentrification, the role of religious groups in these processes of neighborhood change has largely been ignored. Based on ethnographic research, I examine how different Christian movements interact with their changing neighborhood in varied forms. The redevelopment of industrial buildings and the gentrification of working-class neighborhoods in Amsterdam North enable different but particular forms of Christian place-making. I focus on two forms of engagement with urban spaces: (a) the reuse of industrial buildings by Pentecostal movements and (b) the transformation of traditional Protestant church buildings into socially mixed neighborhood centers. These two different forms of urban place-making highlight how Christian organizations bring the active agency to urban regeneration and cocreate urban neighborhoods materially and socially.
From critical technical practice to reflexive data science
Authors: Hirsbrunner Simon David , Tebbe Michael , Müller-Birn Claudia
Published: November 2022

In this article, we reconsider elements of Agre’s critical technical practice approach ( Agre, 1997 ) for critical technical practice approach for reflexive artificial intelligence (AI) research and explore ways and expansions to make it productive for an operationalization in contemporary data science. Drawing on Jörg Niewöhner’s co-laboration approach, we show how frictions within interdisciplinary work can be made productive for reflection. We then show how software development environments can be repurposed to infrastructure reflexivities and to make co-laborative engagement with AI-related technology possible and productive. We document our own co-laborative engagement with machine learning and highlight three exemplary critical technical practices that emerged out of the co-laboration: negotiating comparabilities, shifting contextual attention and challenging similarity and difference. We finally wrap up the conceptual and empirical elements and propose Reflexive Data Science (RDS) as a methodology for co-laborative engagement and infrastructured reflexivities in contemporary AI-related research. We come back to Agre’s ways of operationalizing reflexivity and introduce the building blocks of RDS: (1) organizing encounters of social contestation, (2) infrastructuring a network of anchoring devices enabling reflection, (3) negotiating timely matters of concern and (4) designing for reflection. With our research, we aim at contributing to the methodological underpinnings of epistemological and social reflection in contemporary AI research.
Knowing and accepting oneself: Exploring possibilities of self-awareness among working autistic young adults
Authors: Bertilsdotter Rosqvist Hanna , Hultman Lill , Hallqvist Johan
Published: November 2022

Autistic people have historically been described as incapable of developing a deeper sense of self-awareness, and autistic understandings of self-awareness have been largely disregarded. The aim of this study is to explore the way young autistic adults try to understand their functionality and who they are, or to develop their sense of self-awareness, in work and in private life contexts. In 12 qualitative interviews conducted with four autistic adults without learning difficulties, we identified a rich set of reflections on knowing and accepting oneself. The overarching theme of self-knowledge has three subthemes: learning from previous experiences, learning about oneself by securing the support of others, and understanding and accepting autistic functionality. The strategy of self-knowledge was used by these young adults to help them achieve functional lives in the work and private domains. Our results show that young autistic adults both actively explore and develop their self-awareness. We suggest that it is important for practitioners and employers working with autistic individuals to engage with their journeys of self-awareness as a vital part of understanding and supporting them.

Lay abstract

When researchers and professionals talk about autism, they commonly point out problems and risks with autism or being autistic. Several interventions are based on the idea of the problems and risks of autism. Another way of talking about autism is to point out autistic people’s strengths and strategies which they use to handle barriers and problems in their lives in order to live good lives on their own terms. In this article, the researchers explore how autistic young adults formulate their own difficulties, strengths and support needs in order to get right support from support people. To be able to formulate this, autistic people need to get to know oneself and one’s own way of functioning. Autistic own self-knowledge must be central when formal support people, such as social workers, formulate support and interventions aimed at helping autistic people, in order for the support/intervention to be helpful.
Opportunities for improved space heating energy efficiency from fluid property modifications
Authors: Williams Andy M , Innerdale Daniel T
Published: November 2022

Unsteady behaviour of hydronic heating systems causes higher mean room temperatures than are required for comfort. Peak room temperatures depend on interactions between thermostats, heat emitters and the room. The importance of fluid properties on such unsteady heating is often misunderstood meaning potential energy savings are overlooked. This paper demonstrates the influence of fluid modifications and indicates a plausible magnitude of the energy saving opportunity. The results showed that fluid side heat transfer coefficient in isolation had negligible effect. Specific heat capacity of the fluid and flow rates were important, as they altered the amount of embedded energy in the heat emitter when thermostat conditions were met. Reductions in mean heating power for steady demand conditions were between 0 and 7% for plausible changes to fluid properties, depending on heat emitter size, room insulation and external temperature. Reductions in individual cycle energy were between 5 and 25%. When considered in the context of intermittent finite duration heating events, those that contained a small number of thermostat cycles demonstrated energy savings that tended towards the reductions in individual cycle energy. Heating events with larger numbers of cycles showed energy savings tending towards the reduction in mean heating power.
Semiotic vista
Authors: Timon Carter E.
Published: November 2022

Throughout life, one may witness grand views, scenes accompanied by intense affect and a sense of awe or wonder. The awe-inspiring things in these experiences vary considerably from suns in sunsets to glowing visages in holy visions to juices in simple tangerines. For different people, different views along the broad spectrum of these affectively intensive grand-view experiences can produce meaning in life, the influential facet of wellbeing identified by positive psychologists but poorly differentiated from meaning-making in other senses. This paper lays out a theory of semiotic vista to organize such disparate signification events and their use of both linguistic and non-linguistic signs. Using the examples of accounts of mountain hiking experiences, mindfulness meditation experiences, and supernatural encounters, I describe semiotic vista as a transitional mode of semiotic viewing in which agents re-interpret multiple signifiers of ordinary phenomena (objects) as valorized components of novel contexts, typically in association with intense affective experience. The vista mode is heavily facilitated by the (re)generation of at least two primary types of first-order indexical interpretants which occur in these contexts and of their attendant second-order indexicality which (semi)permanently re-contextualizes the objects originally referenced in the same view. I also briefly touch on how this process relates to storytelling and audience reactions. This analysis has implications for wellbeing, positive affect generation, and ideological enregisterment.
The meanings of the monarchy
Authors: Kivisto Peter
Published: November 2022

Using two classic accounts of Elizabeth II’s Coronation, this article explores the potential meanings of the monarchy in the 21st century.
Consumer partnerships in research (CPR) checklist: A method for conducting market research with vulnerable consumers
Authors: Carlini Joan , Robertson Julia
Published: November 2022

There is a need for better evidence on how to effectively support consumer partnerships in research (CPR). This paper aims to provide a practical checklist for market researchers to plan, implement, and report research where vulnerable consumers are the target population. A vulnerable consumer is someone who, due to their circumstances, may be disadvantaged or at risk in some marketplace situations. Here, it is proposed that research conducted about vulnerable consumers must include consumer co-researchers as partners in the research process. The involvement of consumers as co-researchers addresses this methodological gap to some extent by democratizing research design and empowering vulnerable consumers. The CPR Checklist is based on an integrative realistic review method, content validation via an expert panel, and includes consumer co-researcher involvement in the research process. Considering the complexities of vulnerable consumers and market research, the CPR Checklist provides a suite of 'how and why' questions to guide rigorous and ethical project conduct.
Body-worn cameras as a research tool in early years settings: Strengths and weaknesses
Authors: Richardson Tanya
Published: November 2022

This paper discusses the innovative research method of using body-worn cameras for capturing speech and experiences of 3- to 5-year olds in English early years settings. The strengths and weaknesses will be discussed in this multiple case study approach to capturing the quality of speech from young children ( n = 43). Adopting an interactionist theoretical framework and viewing the project through an interpretive paradigm, it is asserted there is the necessity to capture data in a way that is naturalistic and ethical at all times. It is argued that that in order to gain a full and deep understanding of young children’s lives, the use of body-worn cameras is pivotal in gaining the data that may not exist otherwise. It is therefore argued throughout this paper that although both strengths and weaknesses exist that weaknesses should be overcome and accommodated in order to enhance future research.
GAS1RR, an immune-related enhancer RNA, is related to biochemical recurrence-free survival in prostate cancer
Authors: Xiong Zezhong , Ge Yue , Xiao Jun , Wang Yanan , Li Le , Ma Sheng , Lan Lingning , Liu Bo , Qin Baolong , Luan Yang , Yang Chunguang , Ye Zhangqun , Wang Zhihua
Published: November 2022

Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the malignant tumors of urinary system with a high morbidity. Enhancer RNA is a subclass of long non-coding RNA transcribed from active enhancer regions, which plays a critical role in gene transcriptional regulation. However, the role of enhancer RNA (eRNA) in PCa remains extremely mysterious. This study is aimed at exploring key prognostic eRNAs in PCa. First, we downloaded gene expression data and clinical data of 33 cancer types from UCSC Xena platform. Second, we selected reported putative eRNA-target pairs and performed the Kaplan–Meier survival and correlation analysis to determine the crucial eRNAs most related to biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival. Third, we explored the clinical characteristics with the key eRNA GAS1 adjacent regulatory RNA (GAS1RR) and performed a computational difference algorithm and the Cox regression analysis. Next, Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed to explore the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we used the pan-cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and performed reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) of 18 pairs of specimens to prove the results we acquired. Among all 2695 putative eRNAs, 6 pairs of eRNA-target genes were prominently related to BCR-free survival. Growth arrest-specific protein 1 ( GAS1) was a target gene of GAS1RR ( r = 0.86, P < 0.001). Patients with low GAS1RR expression were likely to have unfavorable clinical characteristics. The result of computational Cox regression analysis demonstrated that GAS1RR may predict the prognosis of PCa independently. RT-qPCR results illuminated that GAS1RR and GAS1 were both downregulated in PCa tissues, and they show a strong positive correlation. GO and KEGG analyses revealed biological processes that GAS1RR was mainly associated with. Immune infiltration analysis indicated that GAS1RR expression is correlated with the infiltration level of six kinds of immune cells. Our results suggest that GAS1RR may be clinically useful in the prediction of PCa prognosis. Moreover, it may also be a prognostic predictor and theoretic target with great promise in PCa.
Level Design Processes and Challenges: A Cross Section of Game Development
Authors: Karlsson Tobias , Brusk Jenny , Engström Henrik
Published: November 2022

This article examines level design processes and challenges at professional game studios. Thematic analysis of data, recorded through field studies and semi-structured interviews, identify four key themes: level design as an interdisciplinary effort; who is the level designer; the role of narrative in level design; and challenges of managing creativity in the level design process. Results indicate that while the role called level designer is often assigned to specific disciplines, the process of level design is usually highly interdisciplinary. Furthermore, this interdisciplinary collaboration requires management to maintain both creativity and efficient pipelines, by distributing ownership and facilitating communication and planning. The level design process seems particularly vulnerable to suboptimal interdisciplinary communication and planning, due to significant reliance on narrative design, game design, art, sound design, and tool development. While this article addresses level design specifically, most observations are comparable to previous findings on game development in general.
Deformation and fracture behaviors of graded 2 titanium ultra-thin metallic sheets in water cavitation micro-forming
Authors: Yu Chao , Wang Yun , He Peiyu , Li Fuzhu , Li Ruitao
Published: November 2022

Water cavitation micro-forming (WCMF) with high quantum efficiency and excellent accuracy are essential for the applications in micro-forming. In this study, based on the size effects, an effective regulation of the cavitation micro-forming was realized. Surprisingly, micro-forming of graded 2 titanium ultra-thin metallic sheets was retained at field of special forming with WCMF. Based on the Hugoniot Elastic Limit of the material, the deformation and fracture behaviors of the case were effectively modified via water-jet shock time varying. In addition, the relationship between the deformation and the fracture of the material and the obtained water-jet cavitation shock time was established. Particularly, the cavitation energy displayed a high efficiency (within 90 s) and have a significant contribution to the appearance of the parabolic dimples. Therefore, this work opens up new opportunities for the development of special forming with excellent micro-forming performance through manipulation of water-jet cavitation shock time.
When regional-based socialisation fails: Diversifying and strengthening the EU’s approach to its neighbourhood
Authors: Gordini Massimo
Published: November 2022

The EU has long used socialisation, and with it, regional ties, to advance its interests in its neighbourhood and contribute to shaping the values and norms of its partner countries. Relying on the role of ‘regional champions’, however, comes with the risk of negative socialisation should EU values not be respected in the very EU member states tasked with acting as facilitators for the partner countries. Brussels can work to mitigate these risks by moving beyond the strongly regional framework, introducing clear references to the pillars of the rule of law in its agreements in the neighbourhood and by protecting civil society cooperation from government interference.
A Computational Approach to Estimating Healthcare Contact Surface Material Resilience
Authors: Platt Lisa Sundahl , Chen Xiaoyu
Published: November 2022

There is growing evidence that contact surfaces within healthcare settings can serve as reservoirs for pathogen colonization and spread infectious bacteria to humans. This article aims to demonstrate the use of a Prevention through Design Environment Material Integrative Control (PtD-EMIC) instrument to predict the infection prevention resilience potential of materials commonly used for healthcare contact surfaces. PtD-EMIC is based on fuzzy logic and Adaptive Neural Fuzzy Inference System architecture. Its objective is to serve as a computational design tool that guides the selection and specification of interior materials that may moderate the spread of pathogens in healthcare environments. This objective is accomplished through an applied systems requirement simulation framework that can help guide interior material choice and design for healthcare spaces. The motivation for developing this instrument is to provide a vehicle that can expand healthcare design industry capabilities and interior environment analysis research by using computational approaches to inform interior material selection and design decisions that support healthcare environments’ infection control strategies. The selection and sourcing of embedded data related to relevant and high-use acute care treatment area finishes, the premise of instrument use, precedent research basis, and system architecture, as well as tool validation and demonstration of use, are all discussed. The text explains how using this instrument can facilitate categorization and leveraging interior material performance outcome data for informing safety-critical healthcare design.
The optimal use of colon capsule endoscopes in clinical practice
Authors: Bjørsum-Meyer Thomas , Koulaouzidis Anastasios , Baatrup Gunnar
Published: November 2022

Colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) has been available for nearly two decades but has grappled with being an equal diagnostic alternative to optical colonoscopy (OC). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, CCE has gained more foothold in clinical practice. In this cutting-edge review, we aim to present the existing knowledge on the pros and cons of CCE and discuss whether the modality is ready for a larger roll-out in clinical settings. We have included clinical trials and reviews with the most significant impact on the current position of CCE in clinical practice and discuss the challenges that persist and how they could be addressed to make CCE a more sustainable imaging modality with an adenoma detection rate equal to OC and a low re-investigation rate by a proper preselection of suitable populations. CCE is embedded with a very low risk of severe complications and can be performed in the patient’s home as a pain-free procedure. The diagnostic accuracy is found to be equal to OC. However, a significant drawback is low completion rates eliciting a high re-investigation rate. Furthermore, the bowel preparation before CCE is extensive due to the high demand for clean mucosa. CCE is currently not suitable for large-scale implementation in clinical practice mainly due to high re-investigation rates. By a better preselection before CCE and the implantation of artificial intelligence for picture and video analysis, CCE could be the alternative to OC needed to move away from in-hospital services and relieve long-waiting lists for OC.
“Sometimes people on YouTube are real, but sometimes not”: Children’s understanding of the reality status of YouTube
Authors: Hassinger-Das Brenna , Dore Rebecca A
Published: November 2022

This study describes how 3- to 8-year-olds’ justifications for their reality status judgements about people on YouTube relates to their age and previous YouTube watching experience. Using a within-subjects design, children were asked about their beliefs regarding the reality status of a purported YouTube video and provided justifications for their responses. Caregivers provided information about children’s home media use and children were asked about their favorite YouTube videos. Results suggest that increased age—and not amount of experience with YouTube—relates to a more nuanced understanding of YouTube as evidenced by a consideration of the medium in justifying reality status judgments.
A retrospective evaluation of drug–drug interactions in patients admitted to Internal Medicine Departments in Palestinian Hospitals
Authors: Rabba Abdullah K , Atta Waffa O , Naser Aseel N , Injas Aya A , Naseef Hani A , Abukhalil Abdallah D
Published: November 2022

Objective:

To measure the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with drug–drug interactions among patients admitted to internal medicine departments in Palestinian hospitals

Methods:

A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted. Data were obtained from patient files from the internal medicine departments in Palestinian hospitals from 1 September 2017, to 31 March 2018. The data collected included patient gender, age, length of hospitalization, medications prescribed, and the number of medications. The digital clinical decision support system IBM Micromedex® was used to assess potential drug–drug interactions.

Results:

The number of patients included in this study is 513. The total number of potential drug–drug interactions detected in study participants is 1558. The average number of potential drug–drug interactions per patient was found to be 3 ± 3.9. Among study participants, 66.1% (n = 339) were found to have potential drug–drug interactions in their current medications. The most commonly encountered drug–drug interactions type was “major” drug–drug interaction, which was encountered in 43.6% (n = 681) of total detected drug–drug interactions. Other types of drug–drug interactions were encountered in 42% (n = 647), 14% (n = 224), and 0.4% (n = 6) which were moderate, minor, and contraindicated drug–drug interactions, respectively. Patients’ age, number of medications, and length of hospitalization were associated with the increased risk of potential drug–drug interactions.

Conclusion:

The results indicated a high prevalence of potential drug–drug interactions in Palestinian hospitals, associated with polypharmacy, increased age, and increased length of hospitalization. Therefore, managing patient medication by a drug expert such as a clinical pharmacist to identify and resolve potential drug–drug interactions will possibly decrease the high prevalence of drug–drug interactions, prevent patient harm, and decrease the cost of hospitalization.
Outcomes After Hip Arthroscopy for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome in Chinese Patients: A Minimum 2-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Maimaitimin Maihemuti , Yang Fan , Huang Hong-Jie , Xu Yan , Zhang Xin , Ao Ying-fang , Wang Jian-Quan
Published: November 2022

Background:

Most of the research data of arthroscopic treatment for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) have been generated from Western populations.

Purpose:

To report the minimum 2-year follow-up results after hip arthroscopy for FAIS in Chinese patients.

Study Design:

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Methods:

A total of 434 hips that underwent primary hip arthroscopy for FAIS between 2016 and 2018 were included. Excluded were patients with previous ipsilateral hip surgery, ipsilateral surgery during the follow-up time, preoperative lateral center-edge angle <25°, Tönnis grade ≥2, sacroiliac joint disease, or incomplete preoperative radiographs or medical records. Preoperative and postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs; modified Harris Hip Score [mHHS], Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living [HOS-ADL], international Hip Outcome Tool, 12-component form [iHOT-12], and visual analog scale [VAS] for pain) were compared with the 2-tailed paired Student t test. Radiographic measures, intraoperative findings, performed procedures, complications, and revision surgery were also reported. The Spearman rank correlation was used to determine the association between patient characteristics and improvement in PRO scores.

Results:

Included were 272 hips with a mean follow-up of 39.4 ± 8.1 months. Overall, 243 hips (89.3%) underwent labral repair. The PROs from baseline to final follow-up were 64.7 to 90.0 for HOS-ADL, 41.1 to 73.4 for iHOT-12, 62.8 to 89.6 for mHHS, and 6.1 to 1.7 for VAS ( P < .001 for all). Younger age was correlated significantly with improved iHOT-12 scores ( r = -0.230; P < .001), and shorter symptom duration was significantly correlated with improved HOS-ADL ( r = -0.190; P = .003), iHOT-12 ( r = -0.146; P = .024), and VAS pain ( r = -0.143; P = .027) scores. The overall complication and revision hip arthroscopy rates were 4.0% and 3.3% respectively. At the final follow-up, no patient required conversion to total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Conclusion:

At 2 years after hip arthroscopy for FAIS, Chinese patients demonstrated statistically significant improvement in PROs, with a low rate of revision surgery or conversion to THA. Shorter symptom duration and younger age were significantly positively correlated with improvement in PROs.
Comparative Evaluation of Arthroscopically Assisted Coracoclavicular Fixation Versus Hook Plate Fixation for Unstable Distal Clavicle Fractures: A Minimum 2-Year Follow-up Study
Authors: Fahmy Fahmy Samir , ElAttar Mohammed , Abulsoud Mohamed , Mohammed Ahmed Saied , Elhalawany Mohamed
Published: November 2022

Background:

Neer type 2 distal clavicular fractures are associated with poor outcomes after nonoperative management. Surgical management is preferred, and various fixation methods have been studied.

Purpose:

To assess the clinical and radiological outcomes in patients with unstable distal-end clavicular fractures that were treated with hook plate (HP) or arthroscopically assisted coracoclavicular (AAC) fixation.

Study Design:

Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Methods:

We retrospectively compared the clinical and radiological results of HP versus AAC fixation in patients who had unstable lateral-end clavicular fractures and at least 2 years of follow-up. The recorded postoperative Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, and shoulder forward flexion were compared between treatment groups using the independent t test. Fracture union was evaluated on routine shoulder radiographs.

Results:

This study included 34 patients (17 with HP fixation, 17 with AAC fixation) with a mean ± SD age of 36.4 ± 8.3 years for the HP group and 37.2 ± 6.9 years for the AAC group. The mean follow-up period was 30.8 ± 2.8 months for the HP group and 28.8 ± 3.01 months for the AAC group. No statistically significant difference between groups was observed regarding postoperative Constant score (89.7 vs 92.5; P = .07), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score (88.2 vs 91.1; P = .12), or mean time to union (10.1 vs 9.3 weeks; P = .16). Postoperative shoulder forward flexion was better in the AAC group (168.2° ± 4.3°) versus the HP group (161.9° ± 6.6°; P = .002), and the complication rate was lower in the AAC group (5.8% vs 41.1%; P = .03).

Conclusion:

Both the AAC and HP fixation methods were effective in the surgical fixation of unstable Neer type 2 lateral-third clavicle fractures, with successful functional and radiological outcomes. However, AAC fixation provided an earlier return to work with fewer complications.
Enema Administration During Labor: Pregnant Women's Perspective and Knowledge
Authors: Mahfouz Ismaiel Abu , Asali Fida , Ziara Fedaa M. I. , Samara Batool , Qudsieh Suhair , Al-Rshoud Firas
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Current evidence does not support the routine use of rectal enemas (REs) because they have not been associated with reduced rates of puerperal infection, degree of perineal tear, or duration of labor. A recent literature review recognized knowledge gaps regarding the uses of RE during labor including women's perceptions, pain, and satisfaction.

Objectives

To report pregnant women's knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, pain, and satisfaction associated with the use of RE during labor.

Methods

A prospective study was conducted between 20 October 2019 and 20 October 2020. Women were included if they were 37 weeks or more pregnant, had a viable pregnancy, were admitted in labor, and had an RE. Characteristic data and data about knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, pain, and satisfaction associated with its use were recorded. Women were regrouped based on their level of knowledge into low- and high-level groups. Attitudes, perceptions, inconveniences, pain, and satisfaction were regrouped into two categories: low and high on the Likert scale.

Results

A total of 300 women were recruited, with means (SD) for age and gestational age of 27.8 (4.8) years, and 40 (1.1) weeks, respectively, and 45.7% were knowledgeable or very knowledgeable, 76% had a positive attitude, and 88.7% perceived enemas as important. The mean scores (SD) for pain and satisfaction as measured on visual analogue scales were 1.5 (1.8) and 5.4 (1.8), respectively. Women with high knowledge about RE were older and multiparous. Recruited women were more likely to report lower inconvenience and pain scores and higher satisfaction scores (all P<.05).

Conclusion

Most recruited women were knowledgeable about REs, perceived them as important, and expressed a positive attitude toward their administration. The low levels of inconvenience, pain, and complications and the high satisfaction rates may be used when counseling women about when an RE is required during labor.
Nursing Education Practice Update 2022: Competency-Based Education in Nursing
Authors: Lewis Lisa S. , Rebeschi Lisa M. , Hunt Ellie
Published: November 2022

Introduction

Competency-based education (CBE) is increasingly emphasized in nursing. Professional organizations and regulatory bodies are calling for radical transformation in nursing education along with increased emphasis on developing clinical judgment.

Methods

This practice update article provides a brief history of CBE in a variety of educational settings including health professions education and demonstrates the value of CBE strategies. The article also provides examples of the application of CBE to nursing education.

Conclusion

CBE offers the opportunity to enhance interprofessional education, increase the use of simulation, and improve clinical judgment in new graduate and advanced practice nurses.
Can You Take Your Corporate culture With You? Multinational Companies and the Gender Wage Gap in Germany
Authors: Zimmermann Florian
Published: November 2022

Multinational companies (MNCs) are an important part of the economy and thus for the labor market. However, their impact on various dimensions of inequality remains unclear. The author analyzes whether MNCs influence gender wage inequalities in their host countries. MNCs might transfer their home countries’ cultures by taking their beliefs, practices, and resulting gender inequalities with them into subsidiaries abroad. Company fixed-effects regressions using unique German linked company employee data show that lower gender inequalities in MNCs’ home countries are associated with a lower gender wage gap in Germany. This association is especially strong for MNCs with expatriate managers from the same home country and accounts for 10 percent of the unexplained gender wage gap. These results strongly support the transfer-of-culture hypothesis and shed light on expatriate managers as an underlying mechanism for this transfer of culture.
Early years autism and bilingualism: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of parent perceptions during lockdown
Authors: Oudet Sarah , Howard Katie , Durrleman Stephanie
Published: November 2022

Aim

This study explores how bilingual parents of autistic children made language decisions for their families, how the event of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and subsequent lockdown impacted the communication environment of their households, and whether these experiences affected their language habits.

Method

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five bilingual parents of autistic children who lived through lockdown in France. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Demographic and background information was collected using an adapted version of the Questionnaire for Parents of Bilingual Children.

Results

Participants reported conflicting advice given by a range of practitioners. Parents expressed differing beliefs about the impact of language choices on their children. Parents described active engagement with their children's home-learning as generally positive. Parents identified an increase in children's exposure to their first language during the lockdown. Parents reported an increase in children's overall communication abilities.

Conclusion

Parents believed that their children's positive communication development during lockdown was related to increased exposure to their first language(s), and direct involvement in their children's learning programs.
Vibration of nonlocal strain gradient functionally graded nonlinear nanobeams using a novel locally adaptive strong quadrature element method
Authors: Trabelssi M , El-Borgi S
Published: November 2022

The primary objective of this paper is to propose a novel method to derive Differential Quadrature Method matrices with several degrees of freedom at the boundaries that can be used to build Strong Quadrature Elements to solve fourth and higher-order equations of motion. The proposed method, referred to as Locally adaptive Strong Quadrature Element Method, is applied to higher-order equations of motion for nonlinear graded Timoshenko and Euler-Bernoulli nanobeams formulated using the Second Strain Gradient Theory or the Nonlocal Strain Gradient Theory. To limit the formulation complexity, the proposed approach is based on the regular formulation of the differential quadrature method combined with custom-built transfer matrices. Moreover, it does not require a different formulation for fourth and sixth-order equations and can be extended beyond sixth-order equations. Validation was carried out using examples from the literature as well as data obtained using the classical Locally adaptive Quadrature Element Method. Both linear and nonlinear frequencies were evaluated for a large number of configurations and boundary conditions. The proposed approach resulted in good accuracy and a convergence speed comparable to the conventional Locally adaptive Quadrature Element Method.
Toward a Dracula urbanism: Smart city building in Flint and Jakarta
Authors: Wilson David , Wyly Elvin
Published: November 2022

We study two places experiencing the rise of both the real-estate state and smart city building, Jakarta, Indonesia and Flint, USA. Our core thesis: these real-estate states work through and make a kind of urbanism that we term Dracula urbanism. We identify Dracula urbanism as a deep-reaching, human-punishing unfolding that is simultaneously a state of mind, a mode of institutional operation, a vision of people, one gaze onto growth's true needs and a kind of growth produced. Our Dracula urbanist notion that is seen to engulf real-estate states has four central features. First, the political and economic resources to drive smart city building are secured through ever-thickening parasitic relations, particularly with upper-level sources of power and authority. Second, city building involves unrelenting drives to kill and destroy (not rehabilitate or therapeutize) supposedly deep civic ‘cancers’, such as the poor's presumed anti-civic, morally and culturally deficient dispositions and ways. Third, city building is promoted through strategically deploying the materiality and discursive terrors of decline. Fourth, local real-estate states are decisively integrated into ‘planetary urbanizations’ through circuits of smart-growth capital investment and techno-scientific claims to expertise. All of these, we chronicle, are vintage characteristics of Stoker's rendition of Dracula. The results suggest that the cultural politics of in-your-face revanchism that Neil Smith helped us to see, and is still present in cities such as Flint and Jakarta, is today accompanied by an equally punishing, complicated and adroitly adapting state politics in these places.
Anti-HK antibody inhibits the plasma contact system by blocking prekallikrein and factor XI activation in vivo
Authors: Chen Zu-Lin , Singh Pradeep K. , Horn Katharina , Calvano Marissa R. , Kaneki Shigeru , McCrae Keith R. , Strickland Sidney , Norris Erin H.
Published: November 2022

A dysregulated plasma contact system is involved in various pathological conditions, such as hereditary angioedema, Alzheimer disease, and sepsis. We previously showed that the 3E8 anti–high molecular weight kininogen (anti-HK) antibody blocks HK cleavage and bradykinin generation in human plasma ex vivo. Here, we show that 3E8 prevented not only HK cleavage but also factor XI (FXI) and prekallikrein (PK) activation by blocking their binding to HK in mouse plasma in vivo. 3E8 also inhibited contact system–induced bradykinin generation in vivo. Interestingly, FXII activation was also inhibited, likely because of the ability of 3E8 to block the positive feedback activation of FXII by kallikrein (PKa). In human plasma, 3E8 also blocked PK and FXI binding to HK and inhibited both thrombotic (FXI activation) and inflammatory pathways (PK activation and HK cleavage) of the plasma contact system activation ex vivo. Moreover, 3E8 blocked PKa binding to HK and dose-dependently inhibited PKa cleavage of HK. Our results reveal a novel strategy to inhibit contact system activation in vivo, which may provide an effective method to treat human diseases involving contact system dysregulation.
A phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled study of erenumab for the prevention of chronic migraine in patients from Asia: the DRAGON study
Authors: Yu Shengyuan , Kim Byung-Kun , Wang Hebo , Zhou Jiying , Wan Qi , Yu Tingmin , Lian Yajun , Arkuszewski Michal , Ecochard Laurent , Wen Shihua , Yin Fangfang , Li Zheng , Su Wendy , Wang Shuu-Jiun
Published: November 2022

Abstact

Background

DRAGON was a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study which evaluated the efficacy and safety of erenumab in patients with chronic migraine (CM) from Asia not adequately represented in the global pivotal CM study.

Methods

DRAGON study was conducted across 9 Asian countries or regions including mainland China, India, the Republic of Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. Patients (N = 557) with CM (aged 18–65 years) were randomised (1:1) to receive once-monthly subcutaneous erenumab 70 mg or matching placebo for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in monthly migraine days (MMD) from baseline to the last 4 weeks of the 12-week double-blind treatment phase (DBTP). Secondary endpoints included achievement of ≥ 50% reduction in MMD, change in monthly acute headache medication days, modified migraine disability assessment (mMIDAS), and safety. Study was powered for the primary endpoint of change from baseline in MMD.

Results

At baseline, the mean (SD) age was 41.7 (± 10.9) years, and 81.5% (n = 454) patients were women. The mean migraine duration was 18.0 (± 11.6) years, and the mean MMD was 19.2 (± 5.4). 97.8% (n = 545) randomised patients completed the DBTP. Overall, demographics and baseline characteristics were balanced between the erenumab and placebo groups except for a slightly higher proportion of women in the placebo group. At Week 12, the adjusted mean change from baseline in MMD was − 8.2 days for erenumab and − 6.6 days for placebo, with a statistically significant difference for erenumab versus placebo (adjusted mean difference vs placebo: − 1.57 [95%CI: − 2.83, − 0.30]; P = 0.015). A greater proportion of patients treated with erenumab achieved ≥ 50% reduction in MMD versus placebo (47.0% vs 36.7%, P = 0.014). At Week 12, greater reductions in monthly acute headache medication days (− 5.34 vs − 4.66) and mMIDAS scores (− 14.67 vs − 12.93) were observed in patients treated with erenumab versus placebo. Safety and tolerability profile of erenumab was comparable to placebo, except the incidence of constipation (8.6% for erenumab vs 3.2% for placebo).

Conclusion

DRAGON study demonstrated the efficacy and safety of erenumab 70 mg in patients with CM from Asia. No new safety signals were observed during the DBTP compared with the previous trials.

Trial registration

NCT03867201