bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANNESSI
Authors: Marconi Maurizio
Published: August 2022

Resumen: Anexos a la traducción del capítulo II de al-Futūḥāt al-makkiyya ("Los grados de las letras y de las vocales en el mundo"), que incluyen las comparaciones entre los manuscritos y las ediciones de la poesía sobre las letras; un diagrama de la distribución de las letras en base a las cualidades naturales y al número de las esferas constitutivas; diagrama de la distribución de las letras en base a las cualidades naturales y al número de la esferas constitutivas tras el arrastre por las esferas de los órganos vocales; una tabla de los Nombres relacionados con los elementos de cada letra; un cuadro resumen de los elementos simples de las letras; una tabla resumen con las características de las letras (esfera, mundo, punto de emisión, valor númérico, etc); y una tabla de las letras iniciales y finales de las azoras.
Abstract: Annexes to the translation of Chapter II of al-Futūḥāt al-makkiyya ("The Degrees of Letters and Vowels in the World") including comparisons between manuscripts and editions concerning the poetry about the letters; a diagram of the distribution of the letters on the basis of the natural qualities and the number of the constituent spheres; a diagram of the distribution of the letters on the basis of the natural qualities and the number of the constituent spheres after pulling by the spheres of the vocal organs; a table of the Names related to the elements of each letter; a summary table of the simple elements of the letters; a summary table with the characteristics of the letters (sphere, world, point of uttering, numerical value, etc.); and a table of the initial and final letters of the quranic chapters.
O WAḤDAT AL-WUJŪD: UNICIDADE E PLURALIDADE NA DINAMICIDADE TEOFÂNICA
Authors: Barboza de Souza Carlos Federico
Published: August 2022

Resumo: Parte de uma pesquisa para minha tese doutoral, este artigo almeja discutir em que medida o conceito de waḥdat al-wujūd retrata o pensamento de Ibn ‘Arabī e se ele pode representar uma concepção monista e panteísta na lógica akbari. Pautado pela metodologia da Fenomenologia da Religião, iniciará apresentando a avaliação de Abū l-ʻAlā’ ʻAfīfī (Afiffi), que considera o pensamento akbari como panteísta. Em seguida, discutirá a constituição do conceito de waḥdat al-wujūd como originário de discussões filosóficas sobre a existência e de uma discussão mística sobre a unidade. Neste sentido, percorrerá, no âmbito da filosofia islâmica, como a questão da existência se apresentou. Por fim, centrar-se-á na perspectiva mística que este conceito proporciona. Entretanto, como resultado desta investigação, afirma-se a insuficiência do conceito de Unidade da Existência para dar conta do pensamento de Ibn ‘Arabī, uma vez que sua perspectiva não prioriza apenas a unidade, mas a conjunção entre unidade e multiplicidade para compreender as expressões do Real e com elas interagir.

Abstract: As a part of my doctoral thesis, this article aims to discuss to what extent the concept of waḥdat al-wujūd portrays Ibn ‘Arabī’s thought and if it can represent a monistic and pantheistic conception in akbari’s logic. Ruled by Religious Phenomenology methodology, it will begin presenting the evaluation of de Abū l-ʻAlā’ ʻAfīfī (Afiffi), that nominate Ibn Arabī’s thought as a pantheistic one. Then, it will discuss the concept’s constitution of waḥdat al-wujūd as having his sources in philosophic discussions about the existence and in mysticisms discussions about the unity. In this way, it will go through, in Islamic philosophy scope, how existence’s question presented itself. Finally, this article will have his focus in the mystical perspective that this concept provides. Nonetheless, as a result of this investigation, is stated the insufficiency of the concept of the Unity of Being to handle with Ibn ‘Arabī’s thought, since that his perspective doesn’t gives priority exclusively to the unity, but to a conjunction between unity and multiplicity to grasp the Real’s expressions and to lead with them.
Poor eyesight reveals a new vision gene
Authors: Biswas Tathagata , Krishnan Jaya , Rohner Nicolas
Published: August 2022

Comparing the genomes of mammals which evolved to have poor vision identifies an important gene for eyesight.
Molecular identification and first demographic insights of sharks based on artisanal fisheries bycatch in the Pacific Coast of Colombia: implications for conservation
Authors: Villate-Moreno Melany , Cubillos-M Juan Camilo , Stibor Herwig , Crawford Andrew J. , Straube Nicolas
Published: August 2022

The Pacific coast of Colombia is characterized by mangrove ecosystems which play a crucial role as possible nurseries for juvenile sharks. However, trophic food webs from coastal ecosystems are heavily disturbed by increased fishing pressure, which affects numerous shark species. In this region of the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP), fisheries’ data from coastal areas are scarce and unspecific, as most sharks from artisanal fisheries are landed decapitated and finless, making their morphological identification difficult. For the establishment and implementation of effective regional conservation and management policies, information on the diversity and population dynamics of shark species is crucial. We therefore sequenced the mitochondrial NADH2 gene of 696 samples taken from fishermen’s landings of shark’s bycatch along the Colombian north Pacific coast. We were able to identify 14 species of sharks, two of the most abundant species were Sphyrna lewini and Carcharhinus falciformis, both evaluated on IUCN the Red List of Threatened species (Critically Endangered and Vulnerable) and CITES regulated. We found low genetic diversity in the sampled area increasing the concern for both species in the region, even more considering that the majority of individuals were juveniles. Our results showed the importance of genetic markers for first population genetic insights as a complementary tool during the decision-making process in management plans. For this specific region, strategies such as the delimitation of conservation priority areas or the regulation of fishing gears could help improve the sustainability of shark populations in the Colombian Pacific.
Lymphovascular Invasion and Ductal In-situ Components in Operable Infiltrating Duct Carcinoma of BreastA Single Centre Experience
Authors: Sasidharan Shyama , Chirukandath Ravindran , Krishnan Sharath , Nazrin Rinza , Meera MS , Veeshma PB
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Lymphovascular Invasion (LVI) in carcinoma breast is a significant prognostic factor in invasive breast cancer, with respect to local and distant recurrence and poor survival. Infiltrating duct carcinoma with accompanying ductal carcinoma in-situ has shown significantly different expression patterns of Her2/neu, progesterone receptors and Ki67 than infiltrating duct carcinoma. Aim: To associate the significance of LVI and concomitant insitu component with the receptor status and clinicopathological characteristics of infiltrative duct carcinoma. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a single unit in the Department Of General Surgery, Government Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India, for two months between June 2021 and July 2021 and data was analysed in August 2021. This study was conducted in a systematic manner to review all the operated infiltrative duct carcinoma patients from a single cohort in 100 patients based on surgical intervention. The collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel worksheet and the results were analyzed statistically using Statistical Package of the Social Sciences (SPSS)-16. Chi-square test was used, considering p-value ≤0.05 as a significant. Results: The mean age of the study population was 55.6±15 years with maximum number of patients above 60 years. In total 64% of the patients had tumour size of 2-5 cm (pT2) and 59% of the cases had no lymph nodal metastasis (pN0). 28 cases (28%) showed concomitant in-situ component and 37 cases showed lymphovascular invasion (37%). The presence of lymphovascular invasion, was found to be significantly associated with Her2 positivity (p=0.045). Concomitant in-situ component also seemed to increase the likelihood of lymphovascular invasion (p=0.0320). There was significant positive correlation observed between LVI and Her2 (r=0.238,p=0.045) and in-situ component (0.214; p=0.032). However, no significant association was observed between LVI and other clinicopathological variables. Conclusion: Th LVI is a significant prognostic factor in invasive breast cancer associated with poor survival and definitely carries a significant association with Her2 Status and also reflected on the concomitant in-situ carcinoma.
Effectiveness of Tetracycline Drugs in the Non Surgical Treatment of Peri-implantitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Medikeri Raghavendra S , Sutar Ashwini Anil , Pereira Marisca A , Bandal Ajay R , Waingade Manjushri
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Peri-implantitis is a significant factor affecting the success rate of oral reconstruction. Hence, it is vital to prevent it. To control peri-implant disease, non surgical treatment is the first line of defense. While peri-implant mucositis can be entirely treated, there are unforeseen repercussions for the treatment of peri-implantitis, according to many studies using non invasive approaches. Aim: To investigate the clinical effects of the tetracycline group of medications in the treatment of non surgical peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods: Electronic bibliographic databases PubMed (MEDLINE), EBSCO, Cochrane database, Clinical trial registry, DOAJ, Google Scholar, and Manual reference searches were performed for articles published January 2010 to August 2021. Total five Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) were selected. Three reviewers independently performed the data extraction using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement for reporting. The risk of bias was assessed with the ROB-2 tool and the quality of evidence was determined with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) approach. A quantitative meta-analysis was performed to compare the reduction in Bleeding On Probing (BOP), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL). Results: In the overall analysis, BOP and PPD, was statistically reduced in the tetracycline drugs compared to the tetracycline groups. When comparing experimental and control groups, the mean reduction in BOP was -9.71 mm, (95% CI: -11.74 to -7.68), The random-effects model showed a statistically significant difference Z=9.40 (p-value<0.00001). The mean PPD was reduced by -1.18 mm in the experimental groups compared to the control groups (95 % CI: -2.35 to -0.02). The CAL gain was -0.98 mm from 3.23 to 1.28 mm in the experimental group which was statistically non significant. The minocycline revealed statistically significant mean difference in BOP (mean difference was -0.72 (95 % CI: -6.84, -3.24 mm but non significant difference reduction in PPD (p-value >0.05). High heterogenicity was reported in all analyses. Conclusion: The non surgical treatment with the tetracycline medication group resulted in a significant clinical reduction in BOP and PPD without a significant change in CAL when compared to other non surgical therapies. The minocycline has resulted in clinical decreases in BOP except PPD. Longterm randomised controlled trials are needed to assess the efficacy of treatments that do not prevent further bone loss, implant survival rates, and oral health-related quality of life standards.
Study of Biomarkers in Cancer Patients Treated with Radiotherapy: A Case-control Study
Authors: Patel Kinjal Prahaladbhai , Makadia Mayurkumar Goradhanbhai , Chaudhari Dhaval Kantilal
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Blood based biomarkers can be useful as prognostic markers because these biomarkers can reflect variations in the tumour microenvironment and the immune system of the host. This study investigates some biomarkers in cancer patients experienced with radiotherapy to evaluate the effect of radiotherapy on the body. Aim: To assess radiotherapy induced changes in the biomarkers like serum total protein, albumin, creatinine and urea in cancer patients and compare to the healthy controls. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study, conducted in the Biochemistry Department, Baroda Medical College, Gujarat, India, from October 2017 to August 2018. This study enrolled 537 patients, who underwent radiation therapy irrespective of any cancer and 537 healthy controls without any history of cancer or radiation therapy. Serum total protein, albumin, creatinine, and urea were measured. Statistical analysis was performed by descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Frequency, Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r). Results: In each of the groups, out of 537 subjects 185 subjects were females, 61.30±9.03 years was the mean age for females, and 352 subjects were males with a mean age of 61.02±8.93 years. Albumin had negative statistically significant correlation with all parameters. But total protein which was also composed of other acute phase positive reactants had higher values compared to control group which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: It was found that patients with cancer, undergoing radiotherapy, suffered from radiation induced changes such as acute phase response, host defense mechanism etc., causing changes in the body which is reflected by biomarkers.
Socio Economic Study of Cotton Growers and Constraints in Cotton Production in Bhadradri Kothagudem District of Telangana
Authors: Bindu Micha Hima , Maurya Mukesh
Published: August 2022

In Bhadradri Kothagudem District, cotton is the main cash crop that produces better returns than anticipated, although there are several significant factors that hinder the profit. The present study will make an effort to study and identify the issues cotton growers confront. 100 cotton farmers were chosen at random from the Telangana district of Bhadradri kothagudem. Five villages in the Cherla block were chosen at random for the study: Upparigudem, Singhasamudram, Mallaram, Gannavaram, and G. colony. In this study, the socioeconomic circumstances in the chosen study area were analysed in order to examine the problems that cotton growers face. The study discovers that the age, education, and farming experience of the head of home have a substantial impact on enhanced cotton cultivation..To find out the most significant factor which influences in cotton cultivation , Garrett's ranking technique is used to determine the most important factor influencing the response. Garrett's Ranking Technique allows you to convert the orders of problems into numerical scores. The benefit of this method is that the problems are sorted according to their severity from the respondents' perspective and it concludes that cotton farmers' biggest issue was their ignorance of modern scientific crop practices, and their least significant issue was a lack of timely access to financing [1].
Reticular Oral Lichen Planus of the Buccal Mucosa: A Classical Presentation
Authors: Aoun Georges , Sharrouf Wissam , Hello Catherine , Saad Moustapha
Published: August 2022

Reticular oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory lesion that affects the mucosa of the oral cavity. Being in most cases asymptomatic, it is often detected incidentally during routine oral examination. This report presents the case of a 38-year-old male who consulted for mild burning sensation in his mouth while consuming acidic foods and liquids. Intraoral examination revealed bilateral reticular OLP on the buccal mucosa; diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically. Treatment with topical corticosteroid leaded to significant symptoms improvement. Yearly long-term follow-up was requested to observe the disease activity and to rule out any malignant transformation.
Association between CHA2DS2-VASc Score and Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Sroor Mohammed Maamon , Shaban Aliaa Elsayed , El-Masry Magdy Mohamed , El-Sokkary Hatem Mohamed
Published: August 2022

Background: Acute right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) is a leading cause of death in the setting of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Therefore, several studies investigated the predisposing factors of RVD. However, at present, little is known about the clinical predictors of RVD in the patients presented with acute PE.

Objective: To assess the association of CHA2DS2-VASc Score with the PE severity, RVD and the in-hospital mortality in patients presented with acute PE.

Methods: This study was conducted on 50 patients admitted with acute PE at Tanta University Hospitals. We studied the association of different variables including demographic data, common risk factors, clinical presentation, management and the in-hospital mortality with the PE clinical subgroups (massive, sub-massive and non-massive) based on the severity of clinical presentation and also the association of these variables with the thromboembolic risk (high, moderate and low) based on the CHA2DS2-VASc scores. The independent predictors of the RVD were then investigated by the univariate and multivariate regression analyses.

Results: The massive PE presentation was associated with higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores (P value = 0.02). Also, the incidence of RVD was higher among the high risk group of patients (CHA2DS2-VASc scores ≥3) with P value = 0.009. TAPSE, MPI, FAC, and E`/A` ratio were found to be more significant in the high risk group (P value = 0.032, 0.002, 0.007 and 0.001), respectively. The independent predictors of RVD were demonstrated to be tachycardia, lower systolic blood pressure and CHA2DS2-VASc score (P value = 0.022, 0.007, 0.021), respectively. The CHA2DS2-VASc score predicted the presence of RVD with 66.7 % sensitivity and 78.6%  specificity as demonstrated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.776 (CI 0.636-0.882, P value < 0.001). This study demonstrated no statistically significant difference between the different risk groups regarding the in-hospital mortality.

Conclusion: Being independent of other factors, the CHA2DS2-VASc score can be used as a new, simple, and reliable tool to predict the development of RVD in patients with acute PE.
PANORAMA DOS SERVIÇOS PÚBLICOS DE SANEAMENTO BÁSICO NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO CAMARAJIPE, SALVADOR-BA
Authors: Oliveira Felipe Paiva Silva de , Moraes Luiz Roberto Santos
Published: August 2022

Em muitos locais no Brasil, a cobertura dos serviços públicos de saneamento básico ainda é incipiente para garantir a sua oferta a todos os cidadãos. Essa realidade se faz presente na cidade de Salvador, capital do estado da Bahia, onde a ausência e precariedade da prestação desses serviços essenciais têm se refletido na poluição das bacias hidrográficas e na exposição da população a diversas doenças. Por isso, este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar o panorama dos quatro componentes do saneamento básico em uma bacia hidrográfica da cidade de Salvador, visando subsidiar ações que busquem a universalização dos serviços. O estudo utilizou como recorte espacial a bacia hidrográfica do Rio Camarajipe, tendo como fonte de dados o Projeto QUALISalvador, sendo avaliado o nível de adequação da cobertura e da qualidade da prestação dos serviços públicos de saneamento básico. Os resultados indicaram que a coleta dos resíduos sólidos e a cobertura da drenagem das águas pluviais são os serviços mais distantes da universalização, haja vista que pouco mais da metade dos domicílios eram atendidos adequadamente. Além disso, quando se avaliou em termos qualitativos, o déficit na prestação dos serviços públicos de saneamento básico se mostrou maior, como no caso do abastecimento de água, que apesar da cobertura de mais de 98% por rede de distribuição operada pela Embasa, mais de 15% dos domicílios por bairro apresentavam intermitência.
ANÁLISE DO ENCADEAMENTO DE OBJETIVOS AMBIENTAIS ESTRATÉGICOS AO PLANEJAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS NO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO
Authors: Celestino Joyce Elanne Mateus , Montaño Marcelo
Published: August 2022

Embora particularmente relevante no contexto da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, que estabelece o planejamento e gestão compartilhados entre União, estados e municípios, a integração antecipada da variável ambiental no processo decisório e o encadeamento das ações estratégicas ao longo dos diferentes níveis de planejamento não tem sido objeto de iniciativas sistemáticas por parte dos tomadores de decisão. Deste modo, o presente artigo é voltado para um estudo do encadeamento de objetivos ambientais estratégicos no planejamento de resíduos sólidos no estado de São Paulo, a partir do que estabelecem as políticas ambientais que incidem sobre o território brasileiro. Por meio de uma análise de compatibilidade entre objetivos que integram o quadro institucional de planejamento de resíduos sólidos no estado de São Paulo e os objetivos que direcionam a implementação de políticas ambientais no Brasil, percebe-se que, apesar de haver certo nível de aderência, há lacunas importantes relacionadas à falta de encadeamento entre as esferas analisadas e, sobretudo com relação aos planos municipais, objetivos de natureza conflitante entre o que se estabelece para o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos e as estratégias ambientais.
A Pruritic Eyelid Lesion Followed by Conjunctival Swelling
Authors: Choi Eun Young , Proia Alan D. , Kirkland Kyle
Published: August 2022

A 54-year-old woman presented with an erythematous right lower eyelid lesion with a vermiform appearance, accompanied by pruritus and pain. She recently had exposure to farm animals, including dogs and cats. What would you do next?
Epstein-Barr Virus–Positive Plasma Cell Neoplasm of Nasal Cavity in an Immunocompetent Adult
Authors: He Lin , Ryan Matthew W. , Chen Mingyi
Published: August 2022

This case report describes patient in their 40s with a medical history of sleep apnea and diabetes and no history of immunosuppression who presented with left-sided nasal obstruction for 1 year and was found to have an Epstein-Barr virus–positive plasmacytoma.
Monitoring, modelling and managing beaver (Castor fiber) populations in the River Otter catchment, Great Britain
Authors: Graham Hugh A. , Puttock Alan , Chant Jake , Elliott Mark , Campbell‐Palmer Roisin , Anderson Karen , Brazier Richard E.
Published: August 2022

Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) were nearly hunted to extinction but have recovered to occupy much of their former range. Beaver were extirpated from Great Britain c. 400 years ago but have recently been reintroduced. The River Otter catchment, Devon was the site of the first licensed wild release of beavers in England. With further releases being considered, there is a need to better understand population dynamics of this native, keystone species to inform conservation and management.

Field signs were surveyed from 2015 to 2021. A semi‐automated territory detection method was adopted to estimate territory counts. A spatially explicit model was developed to estimate the ecological territory capacity of the catchment. Future territory expansion was modelled using logistic growth curves; initial growth rate was estimated from observed territory counts and the estimated territory capacity range was used to define the limiting value of the growth curve. Beaver territory removal was simulated, across a range of management intensities and start times, to determine potential impacts of translocation or lethal control upon population dynamics.

Territory numbers increased from four to 18, inclusive of four additionally released individuals, during study period. In the absence of population management, the territory capacity of the catchment was estimated to range between 120 and 183; this may be reached between 2028 and 2057. Simulated territory removal, where territories were removed at a fixed rate from the sum of the estimated total population and the population increase for that year, demonstrated large uncertainties in predicted population responses. Simulations with territory removals >3/year all predicted potential population collapse. This finding emphasizes the need for caution when considering population management strategies; translocation of animals out of the catchment or culling should be considered only when populations are established and all alternatives have been considered.

These results provide critical information for the expected rate and magnitude of beaver population change in the River Otter catchment. The methods provide a reproducible and generalizable approach for understanding beaver population change, which can inform policy on the reintroduction of beavers and the potential timing and intensity of future beaver population management.
Van der Waals Assembled Solution‐Processed Organic Monolayer Single‐Crystal Transistor for Electrocardiograph Sensing
Authors: He Zhenfei , Dai Derek Shui Hong Siddhartha , Chen Ming , Zou Deng , Chik Gary Kwok Ki , Rafael Rémi , Lee Kin Hang , Piao Yingzhe , Zhang Shiming , Cheng Xing , Chan Paddy Kwok Leung
Published: August 2022

Solution‐processed organic semiconductors (OSCs) promote the development of the next generation of large‐area, low‐cost flexible electronics. To date, the properties of the flexible substrates such as chemical compatibility, roughness, and surface energy are still big challenges for the solution process, especially for high‐performance ultrathin monolayer OSCs. Herein, van der Waals assembled organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) with layer‐by‐layer lamination processes are reported. The active layer is an ultrathin single molecular layer 2,9‐Didecyldinaphtho[2,3‐b:2′,3′‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (C10‐DNTT) which maintains decent electrical fidelity with mobility of 10.4 cm2 V–1 s–1 after transfer. With the active layer transfer technique, the bias stability of OFETs can be significantly improved by tuning diverse hydrophobic self‐assembly monolayers (SAMs) onto the dielectric which is a challenging task before the solution processing organic monolayer. A small subthreshold swing (SS) of 63 mV decade−1 is achieved by low surface energy phosphonic acid SAMs on high‐κ AlOx dielectric. We further demonstrate a high‐gain organic inverter amplifier that can be powered up by a coin cell on the 1.5 μm conformal parylene substrate and apply it for high‐resolution electrocardiograph (ECG) sensing. The ECG sensors can provide a signal‐to‐noise ratio as high as 34 dB. It is believed that our device demonstrates the prospect of continuous monitoring for human health management.
Engineering of Biodegradable and Excretable Inflammation‐Resolving Materials
Authors: Wu Peng , Gao Mingjie , Zhang Chunfan , Li Chenwen , Li Gang , Yan Xinhao , Lai Xiaodan , Zhang Yang , Zhang Jianxiang
Published: August 2022

Uncontrolled or chronic inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of many acute/chronic diseases, such as acute organ injury, COVID‐19, and atherosclerosis. Intrinsically bioactive materials are promising for regulating the response magnitude and duration of inflammation, but their translation remains challenging. Herein, the engineering of a series of inflammation‐resolving materials by rationally integrating different functional modules into a hydrolyzable scaffold is reported. The obtained functional materials can assemble into potent anti‐inflammatory micelles capable of eliminating different types of reactive oxygen species, releasing bioactive molecules, and simultaneously hydrolyzing into water‐soluble and excretable compounds. Cellularly, these micelles effectively inhibit the migration, activation, and production of molecular mediators in inflammatory cells. Benefiting from the small size and high bioactivity, the developed micelles efficiently accumulate in the kidneys of mice with acute kidney injury (AKI) and efficaciously alleviate AKI. Bioactive micelles also demonstrate desirable targeting and superior efficacies in mice with acute liver failure. Mechanistically, inhibition of oxidative damage, attenuation of inflammatory cell infiltration and activation, and promoting resolution of inflammation mainly account for beneficial therapeutic effects of micelles. Moreover, preliminary studies reveal the excellent safety of micelles. Consequently, the bioactive materials represent a new type of efficacious, safe, scalable, and affordable therapy for a broad spectrum of inflammatory diseases.
Graphene‐Based Textiles for Thermal Management and Flame Retardancy
Authors: Ge Qi , Chu Jingwen , Cao Weiqi , Yi Fenglian , Ran Zhou , Jin Zhan , Mao Boyang , Li Zheling , Novoselov Kostya S.
Published: August 2022

Textile thermoregulation and thermal protection are crucial for human health and safety. Individual thermophysiological comfort control and flame retardancy are lacking in traditional garments. Novel nanomaterial innovations have solved these limitations and have facilitated the development of next‐generation intelligent textiles. Smart textiles based on graphene and graphene derivatives material have attracted substantial attention owing to its superior electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, and flexibility. This review provides an overview of the current progress on the smart textiles using graphene and graphene derivative material with a focus on personal thermal management and flame retardancy. It covers mechanics, material developments, fabric designs, and on‐body applications, offering a comprehensive knowledge and scope of the entire area. Innovations in chemistry and materials with worldwide collaboration will push the frontiers of graphene‐based smart textiles, promoting the development of genuine commercial goods on the market.
Bionic Regulators Break the Ecological Niche of Pathogenic Bacteria for Modulating Dysregulated Microbiome in Colitis
Authors: Yang Jiali , Zhang Guizhen , Peng Mengyun , Tan Shaochong , Ge Shengchan , Yang Xinyuan , Liang Yan , Wen Zhiyang , Xie Li , Zhou Tonghai , Wu Sixuan , An Jingyi , Wang Yifei , Liu Wei , Zhang Kaixiang , Zhang Zhenzhong , Liu Junjie , Shi Jinjin
Published: August 2022

Therapeutic approaches that reprogram the gut microbiome are promising strategies to alleviate and cure inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, abnormal expansion of Escherichia coli during inflammation can promote pathogenic bacteria occupying ecological niches to resist reprogramming of the microbiome. Herein, a bionic regulator (CaWO4@YCW) is developed to efficiently and precisely regulate the gut microbiome by specifically suppressing the abnormal expansion of E. coli during colitis and boosting probiotic growth. Inspired by the binding of E. coli strains to the mannose‐rich yeast cell wall (YCW), YCW is chosen as the bionic shell to encapsulate CaWO4. It is demonstrated that the YCW shell endows CaWO4 with superior resistance to the harsh environment of the gastrointestinal tract and adheres to the abnormally expanded E. coli in colitis, specifically as a positioner. Notably, the high expression of calprotectin at the colitis site triggers the release of tungsten ions through calcium deprivation in CaWO4, thus inhibiting E. coli growth by replacing molybdenum in the molybdopterin cofactor. Moreover, YCW functions as a prebiotic and promotes probiotic growth. Consequently, CaWO4@YCW can efficiently and precisely reprogram the gut microbiome by eliminating pathogenic bacteria and providing prebiotics, resulting in an extraordinary therapeutic advantage for DSS‐induced colitis.
Probing the Electrochemical Li Insertion–Extraction Mechanism in Sputtered LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Thin Film Cathode for Li‐Ion Microbattery
Authors: Bhatia Ankush , Leviel Clement , Hallot Maxime , Pereira‐Ramos Jean‐Pierre , Lethien Christophe , Roussel Pascal , Baddour‐Hadjean Rita
Published: August 2022

Due to its great theoretical capacity (147 mAh g−1) and high operating potential (4.7 V vs Li+/Li), Co‐free spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) is one of the most promising thin film cathodes allowing designing Li‐ion micro‐batteries with a high specific energy. In this work, the Li extraction–insertion mechanism in sputtered LNMO thin films is investigated by X‐ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy during the first electrochemical cycle. A one‐step phase transition involving two cubic phases is revealed, consisting of a wide solid solution region (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 1 in LixNMO) and a narrow biphasic domain (0 < x ≤ 0.3). Remarkably, significant variations are observed in the Raman spectra, which are linked to the activity of the Ni redox system at 4.7 V. It is demonstrated that an appropriate analysis of the bands corresponding to pure Ni–O stretching modes leads to an accurate estimation of the electrode states of charge and depth of discharge, which opens the way for a reliable quantification of the self‐discharge phenomenon. The mechanism of Li extraction insertion here pictured for the first time for LNMO thin layers is consistent with their disordered nature and accounts for their good electrochemical performance.
High‐Performance Photoresponse in Ferroelectric d1T‐MoTe2‐Based Vertical Photodetectors
Authors: Park Jae Woo , Jung Ye Seul , Park Sung Hyun , Choi Heon‐Jin , Cho Yong Soo
Published: August 2022

Photodetectors based on 2D transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are actively investigated to find promising structures with competitive photoresponsivity. Here, a ferroelectric TMD‐based vertical photodetector with asymmetric graphene contacts is proposed, which is modulated with a poling field for controlled built‐in potentials. Thus far, no device is reported, which combines the ferroelectricity of a 2D TMD for an ideal built‐in potential with a vertical structure to reduce the channel length. A ferroelectric phase is obtained in 2D molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) by intensive laser irradiation, which transforms the 2H‐MoTe2 phase to distorted 1T (d1T)‐MoTe2. The subsequent poling of d1T‐MoTe2 with −8 V bias results in a photoresponsivity of ≈853 A W–1 under 532 nm illumination at zero gate voltage, which is nearly ≈4.5 times higher than that of the 2H‐MoTe2‐based reference. The achieved photoresponsivity is the best value thus far compared to the reported values for 2D MoTe2‐based UV–vis photodetectors. The origin of these enhancements is discussed in terms of changes in built‐in potential at the junctions with asymmetric graphene layers based on the adjusted band alignments driven by the poling field.
Local Charge Transport at the Interface of Semiconductor and Charge Transport Mediator
Authors: Zhang Zemin , Lindley Sarah A. , Chen Tao , Cheng Xu , Xie Erqing , Han Weihua , Toma Francesca M. , Cooper Jason K.
Published: August 2022

Charge transport mediators are commonly used in photoelectronic devices to promote selective charge transport and mitigate carrier losses. However, related investigations are mainly carried out by the trial‐and‐error method, and a deeper understanding of its local charge transport behavior is still lacking. Herein, a comprehensive study is performed on a BiVO4/Ti3C2 photoanode to reveal its local charge transport properties by combing microprobe technologies and numerical computations. For the first time, a nano‐Schottky junction is directly shown at the BiVO4/Ti3C2 interface and the band bending is quantified with promoted hole transport and prolonged photocarrier's lifetime. These mechanistic insights leverage a path to further optimize performance through interface engineering and achieve a photocurrent of 5.38 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode. This work provides deeper insight into the function of charge transport mediators in view of interface contact rather than material nature and demonstrates a strategy to improve photoelectrochemical performance through Fermi‐level engineering.
High‐κ and High‐Temperature Dipolar Glass Polymers Based on Sulfonylated and Cyanolated Poly(Arylene Ether)s for Capacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Huang Wen , Ju Tianxiong , Li Ruipeng , Duan Yajun , Duan Yanan , Wei Junji , Zhu Lei
Published: August 2022

High energy density, high temperature, and low loss dielectric polymers have drawn increasing attention in research owing to their potential applications in power electronic and pulsed power devices. In this study, a new class of organo‐soluble dipolar glass polymers (DGPs) are synthesized via polycondensation and post‐functionalization of poly(aryl ether)s (PAEs) based on phenolphthalin. Due to the nonplanar backbone structure, the strongly dipolar side groups (‐SO2CH3 and ‐CH2CH2CN) can easily rotate in these PAEs. As a result, desirable physical properties are obtained: high dielectric constant (4.4–5.6), high glass transition temperature (155–180 °C), good mechanical property, and low dielectric loss (dissipation factor < 0.005). Among them, cyanolized poly(aryl ether nitrile) exhibit the highest discharged energy density of 8.6 J cm−3 at 650 MV m−1 and room temperature with a high discharged efficiency of 94.3%. At 100 °C, cyanolized poly(ether ether ketone) shows the highest discharged energy density of 7.3 J cm−3 at 600 MV m−1 with a discharged efficiency of 91%. Furthermore, these functionalized PAEs exhibit good mechanical toughness with a tensile strength at a break of 60‐120 MPa and elongation at a break of ≈5%. Based on their thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties, these phenolphthalin‐based PAEs are promising for potential applications such as film capacitors.
Sensitive Detection of Alcohol Isomers by Ionically Conductive Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Li Li , Zhang Shiqi , Lu Yang , Zhang Junyao , Zhang Xuan , Huang Jia
Published: August 2022

Alcohols are an important class of organic compounds with many isomers, which play a crucial role in different applications. It is meaningful to develop a convenient method to identify the specific alcohol. However, compact sensors capable of distinguishing different alcohols are still challenging. In this work, utilizing metal ions as charge carriers, capacitive alcohol sensors on the basis of Co‐5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphyrin ionically conductive metal‐organic frameworks (IC‐MOFs) are applied to sense various alcohols and obtain diverse responses for the first time, which can distinguish methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol. Besides, the devices show fast sensing speed with a t90 response time around 3 s. After 60 days of storage test under ambient atmosphere, the devices exhibit remarkable stability with negligible change in the sensing response. Furthermore, the sensors show interesting potential through a demonstration, in which the devices can detect 1% methanol doped in vodka. The results provide a new approach to detect different alcohols and corresponding isomers quickly and make IC‐MOF sensors competitive candidates in chemical sensing.
Seeding rate effect on winter malting barley yield and quality
Authors: McGlinch Gregory J. , Lindsey Laura E.
Published: August 2022

Growth in the craft brewing industry has increased the demand for locally sourced malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain in the Eastern United States. However, most malting barley seeding rate recommendations are from the Northern Great Plains, the Pacific Northwest, and Western Canada. Therefore, seeding rate research was needed in the humid growing environment of the Eastern United States. The objective of this research was to identify the agronomic optimum seeding rate (AOSR) where grain yield is maximized, and identify the seeding rate that met or exceeded grain quality parameters. An experiment with five seeding rate treatments ranging from 1.9 to 6.2 million seeds ha–1 was established at eight site‐years in Ohio. Under normal growing conditions, the AOSR was 3.8–6.2 million seeds ha–1 (average 4.5 million seeds ha–1). When plants experienced winter injury, the AOSR was greater at 5.3–5.4 million seeds ha–1. Grain quality parameters of protein, germination, and deoxynivalenol all tended to improve with increasing seeding rate. Seeding rates of 4.5–4.7 million seeds ha–1 should maximize yield most years while meeting grain quality parameters. However, regions that experience winter temperatures <15°C without snow coverage should increase seeding rates due to increased chance of winter injury reducing plant stand.
Genotype selection for fiber quality traits in cotton in the Brazilian Northeast
Authors: Carvalho Luiz Paulo de , Farias Francisco José Correa , Santos Regimar Garcia dos , Teodoro Larissa Pereira Ribeiro , Teodoro Paulo Eduardo
Published: August 2022

The search for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes gathering high yield and fiber quality is the main objective of breeding programs. The objectives of this study were: (a) to verify which effects contribute the largest fraction of the total phenotypic variance of cotton fiber quality traits and (b) to recommend the best genotypes for these traits. Eight competition trials of cotton cultivars were carried out between the 2017 and 2019 seasons. Field trials were carried out in Alagoinha (crops seasons 2017, 2018, and 2019) and Barbalha (2017 and 2018) in a randomized block design with three repetitions. Fifteen genotypes developed by the cotton plant breeding program of Embrapa Algodão were evaluated. The following fiber quality traits were evaluated: fiber percentage (FP), average boll weight (BW), upper‐half mean length, fiber uniformity (UNIF), short fiber index (SFI), fiber strength (STR), elongation (ELG), micronaire (MIC), and fiber maturity. Genotypic values (GVs) for the evaluated traits were estimated. The total phenotypic variance of the fiber quality traits evaluated is mostly composed of genotypic effects. Only the traits FP, BW, and ELG showed significant genotypes × sites interaction. The genotype G1 has high GVs for the traits FP, BW, fiber length, and fiber uniformity. The G15 stood out by gathering high values for UNIF, SFI, and STR.
A readily available and efficient Pt/P25 (TiO2) catalyst for glycerol selective oxidation
Authors: Zhao Yang , Zhang Xinyi , Yang Jiarui , Gao Mingyu , Yang Pengfei , Wang Qian , Li Dianqing , Feng Junting
Published: August 2022

In this work, a commercial P25 (TiO2) with phase junctions between (101) and (110) faces supported Pt catalyst was prepared for glycerol selective oxidation, giving a decent 76.8% glyceric acid (GLYA) yield, and good stability. The kinetic experiments calculated apparent activation energy, turnover frequency (TOF), and reaction rates, demonstrating Pt/P25 could facilitate glyceraldehyde (GLYAD) formation and inhibit GLYA over‐oxidation. Series of structural techniques confirmed the 101/110 junctions in P25 contributed electronic effect on Pt through metal‐support interface, which improved the oxygen activation ability and optimized the GLYAD/GLYA adsorption modes. Furthermore, progressive scale‐up reactions were tested and the mass transfer limitations under different conditions were thoroughly studied. The obtained mass transfer factors suggested the gas–liquid and liquid–solid mass transfer were severely limited. Finally, through optimizing the conditions, Pt/P25 catalyst achieved 75.8% GLYA yield at 300 ml‐scale reaction, realizing equivalent magnification with the 5 ml‐scale experiment.
Controllable Nonclassical Correlation by an Incoherent Pumping Field in a Λ‐Type Atom‐Cavity System
Authors: Guo Miao‐Di , Li Hai‐Feng , Shi Ming‐Xuan
Published: August 2022

It is important to generate stable nonclassical correlation and wide‐band quantum field in quantum optical communication. In this paper, a scheme is proposed to manipulate the nonclassical intensity correlation of two output fields by a coherent coupling laser and an incoherent pumping field. The core of the scheme is that the coherent field is applied to manipulate the intracavity polaritons, and the incoherent pumping field is used to control the linear absorption and the atomic coherence. With the incoherent field, atoms are repopulated on the excited state . It induces a wide‐band zero absorption of a probe field and the negative dispersion that can be used to realize a white‐light cavity. In addition, with the increasement of the incoherent pumping rate, the wide‐band maximum stable intensity correlation and the nonclassical field with sub‐Poissonian distribution are attained, which is verified by the evolution of the second‐order correlation of two output channels.
Bio‐based benzoxazine monomers and polymers based on difuran diamine
Authors: Yu Mengwen , Yadav Santosh K. , La Scala John J. , Palmese Giuseppe R.
Published: August 2022

Benzoxazine monomers with high renewable content made from difuran diamine (DFDA) are presented. The benzoxazine monomers were synthesized by reacting DFDA with several bio‐based phenolic compounds and formaldehyde. These systems were purified by precipitation, and depending on composition, the resulting solid powders melt at temperatures ranging between 50 and 150°C to form low viscosity liquids that can be used to impregnate fiber reinforcements. Onset cure temperature varies depending on composition in the range of 150–240°C. The resulting polybenzoxazines have Tg's ranging from 240 to 300°C. It was found that the phenolic structure selected affects curing mechanisms of the DFDA‐based benzoxazines, Benzoxazines that have available ortho or para positions on the phenolic structures result in cure without mass loss. It was also found that adding furan rings into the backbone of the polybenzoxazine network provided the added benefit of char yield as high as 60%, as measured by thermalgravimetric analysis temperature ramps in an inert environment to 800°C. Compared with benzene‐ring‐based benzoxazine counterparts, furan‐based benzoxazines showed better thermal stability. In addition to promising processing and thermal characteristics useful for applications requiring high temperature and fire resistance, these materials contain high renewable content.
Evolving strategies in whirlwind mode: The changing face of anatomy education during Covid‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ghosh Sanjib Kumar
Published: August 2022

The Covid‐19 pandemic stipulated adoption of unfamiliar strategies for delivering anatomy education in online mode. The factors which determine education strategies are variable across geographical regions. It was perceived that an overview of education strategies around the globe would be useful for anatomists. Hence this narrative review was undertaken to collate observations from different geographical regions pertaining to education strategies adopted during the pandemic. Data relevant to the topic of study were extracted from 12 articles that were selected from an initial pool of 317 articles based on search criteria set for the review. Subtle differences in core education strategies implied that baseline response from anatomists was similar across regions. It was evident that online digital tools were key elements of education strategies adopted by educators for delivering online anatomy classes across the globe. Interestingly, a considerable gap in terms of number and variety of online tools used for anatomy education (those requiring commercial purchase) was noted between economically developed and developing regions. This may have an impact on learning outcome for students and may even lead to variations in anatomical knowledge by regions. It was observed that offline human dissection sessions were incorporated into online practical classes in one region as positive cases showed a declining trend. This positive development is worth emulating elsewhere based on cautious assessment of prevailing situation. From a broad perspective timely introduction of education strategies ensured delivery of anatomy education during the pandemic and gave an evolved outlook to the fabric of anatomy education.