bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Współczesne rozumienie pojęcia międzynarodowego prawa gospodarczego
Authors: Ziemblicki Bartosz
Published: December 2020

There are different views in the literature on the meaning of the term international economic law. In author’s opinion it encompasses regulations, which at the same time: are considered law (even soft-law), regulate relations with international element and regulate economic activity. Such laws do not necessarily have to originate from the sources of international law. In this understanding international economic law is a broader term than public international law and private international law in an economic area. The same is true for unpopular in Poland international business law. On the other hand transnational economic law, as understood by Jessup, should be considered equivalent to international economic law. Since international economic law is vast in terms of subjects, sources and norms, it is reasonable to divide it for academic reasons into public international economic law and private international economic law. Both subsections can be further divided. For instance public international economic law would embrace public international trade law, public international financial and monetary law, public international investment law and public international development law.
Ograniczenia niezależności politycznej polskich organów regulacyjnych w świetle prawa unijnego
Authors: Rokita Krzysztof
Published: December 2020

The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (the so-called Vienna Convention, CISG) is considered one of the most important and influential private law acts of the past decades. The most compelling evidence of the impact of the CISG is the European private law. It is especially evident in case of consumer sales law of the European Union. The Consumer Sales Directive (99/44) and, to some extent, even the Directive on Consumer Rights (2011/83/EC) were based on principles and institutions derived from the CISG. The most important influences are of course the objective liability of a debtor and the institution of conformity of the goods; however, even the basic terms (such as “conformity of goods” and “non-conformity of goods”) are defined per analogiam. And even though European legislator did not borrow from the CISG its’ concept of the fundamental breach of contract, the further cases of CISG’s impact are seen in cases of Nachfrist and remedies available to the parties of a contract. Since European consumer sales law is one of the most important spheres of EU interests and influences national civil law systems, CISG may easily be described as the model and backbone of future private law harmonization.
Uzasadnienie orzeczenia w sprawie pytania prawnego
Authors: Stębelski Marcin
Published: December 2020

The procedure of question of law to the Constitutional Tribunal (article 193 of the Constitution) allows both a court and the Tribunal to have a dialogue concerning the normative act which will determine an issue current before that court. This specific dialogue should be reflected in the explanatory part of the judgment. Moreover, the effectivity of that dialogue depends strictly upon the way Tribunal explains motives of the ruling and presents its argumentation. The explanation of the judgment does not have a status of universally binding and final statement of the Tribunal. However it should convince the court and other addressees of the judgment of the Tribunal’s interpretation of the constitutional norms taken into consideration in particular case. Explanation presented by the Tribunal should give a clear solution of the constitutional issue put forward by the court in its question of law. Only then the court may resolve individual case issuing a judgment which conforms to the Constitution.
Uzasadnienia orzeczeń Trybunału Konstytucyjnego w kwestii dopuszczalności wniosków i skarg konstytucyjnych a konstytucyjne standardy sprawiedliwości proceduralnej
Authors: Bębenista Łukasz M.
Published: December 2020

The author focuses on how the Constitutional Court formulates reasons for its decisions on the admissibility of the constitutional complaints and applications. The Court’s practice is confronted with constitutional standards of procedural fairness. The author draws attention to the need to ensure the predictable nature of the decisions of the Constitutional Court by the consistency of its case-law, in particular with regard to the concept of the matters referred to in Art. 191 paragraph 2 of the Constitution. The author analyzes the requirement to indicate in what way the freedom or the applicant’s constitutional rights have been violated, having regard to the obligation to disclose the motives of the Court’s ruling in a clear manner. In the author’s opinion, the obligation to justify the decision in such a way that the applicant verify the judge reasoning also applies to the decision on account of appeal against a decision to refuse to grant constitutional complaint further. The author looks at the ground for refusal of the application or the constitutional complaint further action from the perspective of, on the one hand, the obligation of a comprehensive examination of the facts, on the other hand, the obligation to smooth hearing within a reasonable time.
Kontrola sądu administracyjnego w zakresie ustalania stanu faktycznego sprawy przez organ administracji publicznej jako istotny element prawa do sądu
Authors: Nędzarek Andrzej
Published: December 2020

In order to ensure that the right to bring an action before a court, which in substantive terms is understood as safeguard of the effective protection of individuals’ rights, is exercised and that a fair judgment is entered, the administrative courts may review the correctness of actions taken by governmental bodies in establishing the facts of the case, subject to the principle of legality. For this reason, it is necessary for the administrative courts to provide reasons for their judgments so as to demonstrate that the review of an administrative instrument was comprehensive and took account of all the facts of the case. The reasons so provided may cause the complainant to believe that he has indeed been granted legal protection. Moreover, this may demonstrate that the administrative courts not only review compliance with the principle of legality, but primarily exercise judicial power conferred on them. Therefore, it is appropriate to state that the applicable Polish regulations on the administrative courts safeguard the individual’s right to bring an action before a court both in formal and material sense.
The influence of the intervention time on the motor learning process induced through movement representation techniques: a randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: De la Hera Robledo Nahia , Castro Puerta Miguel , Cuenca Martínez Ferran , La Touche Roy
Published: December 2020

Objective: The main aim was to assess motor learning process comparing action observation (AO), motor imagery (MI), and double time of MI (2MI) at post- and at 1-week post-intervention through Purdue-Pegboard test. The secondary objectives were to assess if improvements enhanced the ability to imagine and the perceived fatigue.

Methods: 20 healthy subjects were randomly assigned to AO group, MI group, 2MI group or placebo observation group.

Results: Results in right hand test showed that AO group obtained improvements at post- and at 1-week post-intervention, both with a large effect size (p = .049, d = -1.28 and p = .049, d = -1.4). In left hand test MI group obtained better results than placebo group (p = .016, d = 2.21). In both hand test MI presented differences at the post- and at 1-week post-intervention (p = .006, d = -2.28 and p = .009, d = -1.89). No within- and between-group differences were found in sequence test. With respect to the perceived fatigue, both MI and 2MI showed greater levels of fatigue (p = .003, and p = .045). Finally, no within- and between-group differences were found in the ability to imagine (p > .05).

Conclusions: Both movement representation techniques enhanced motor learning, although the results must be considered with caution due to the small sample size. MI seems to cause more fatigue than AO. However, increasing imagery time did not results in greater level of fatigue. The improvements did not lead to an increase in the ability to imagine.
Alteraciones del equilibrio y efectos del entrenamiento de la fuerza en el equilibrio del adulto mayor
Authors: Lerma Lara Sergio , González Parada Beatriz , Escolar Martínez Cristina , Gómez Jiménez María , García Casado Cristina , Barba San ROmán Buenaventura
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Evaluar cuantitativamente mediante posturografía la mejora en el equilibrio después de una intervención con ejercicio terapéutico basado en un programa de fuerza y resistencia muscular. Evaluar cambios en Kinesiofobia asociados a la intervención mediante la versión española de la Escala Tampa de Kinesiofobia (TSK-11SV).

Material y métodos: Se reclutó una muestra de 15 mayores de 60 años en la Residencia Orphea de Aravaca, 13 mujeres y 2 hombres, a los que se realizaron pruebas de equilibrio con el Posturógrafo Basic Balance Master de Neurocom®:Modified Clinical Test for the Sensory Interaction on Balance (mCTSIB), Limits of Stability (LOS) y Weigth and Bearing Squat (WBS). A todos los sujetos se les administró la TSK-11SV. Tras realizar un programa de ejercicio centrado en la mejora de la fuerza y resistencia durante cuatro semanas, se evaluaron los cambios en las variables registradas. Se utilizó el programa IBM SPSS Statistic ver 22.0 para Windows.

Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en los siguientes pares de variables pre y postintervención: Firme ojos abiertos (FirmOA: 0,018); Firme ojos cerrados (FirmOC: 0,025); Foam ojos cerrados (FoamOC: 0,004); Firme compuesto (FirmComp: 0,006); Velocidad de movimiento compuesto (MVLcomp: 0,001). Además se observaron diferencias significativas basadas en rangos positivos en el Foam ojos abiertos (FoamOA: 0,003). En la TSK-11SV se obtuvieron puntuaciones bajas en el pre: 23,00±5,74 y mejoría en el post: 15,26±10,33. Ambos valores fueron sugerentes de una kinesiofobia baja.

Conclusiones: Se puede afirmar que el programa de ejercicio de fuerza y resistencia tiene efectos directos sobre la mejora del equilibrio en el paciente mayor, sobre todo en los sistemas de aferencia y en la rapidez con que se ejecuta el movimiento dentro de los límites de estabilidad.
Métodos de representación del movimiento en rehabilitación. Construyendo un marco conceptual para la aplicación en clínica
Authors: La Touche Roy
Published: December 2020

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Captura de estados mentales en redes sociales: una filosofía de la mente extendida
Authors: Gherab Martin Karim
Published: December 2020

Este artículo analiza cómo las multinacionales tecnológicas, y en particular aquellas que se dedican a las redes sociales, están desarrollando técnicas para construir métricas mentales de los usuarios que navegan por internet con el fin de conocer sus emociones, sus sentimientos, sus gustos, sus fobias, y, en definitiva, su psique. Se muestran algunos sencillos ejemplos de cómo se pueden implementar estas técnicas. En concreto, nos centraremos en un rasgo muy particular de lo mental: la intencionalidad.
Actor as Author of the Text he Acts
Authors: Nogueira Marta
Published: December 2020

We aim to demonstrate how the acting technique and skills of an actor may influence the intentions of a text’s author, showing him new paths through the human and emotional factors. We also aim to demonstrate that what is usually considered a “text” may not always be a fixed entity produced by a single isolated individual.

The analysis of the staging and film adaptation of Tennessee Williams’ A Streetcar Named Desire and the development of the character Stanley Kowalski by Marlon Brando, shows how he changed the written version of the play, shifting its core, interfering with the balance between the two main characters and helping to shape the cultural and historical attributes which rendered its particular place in art history. The text produced by the actor may, thus, assume an identical value to that of the dramatic script from which it developed, or even produce a higher impact.
Art, Myth and Memory
Authors: Alessandra Campoli
Published: December 2020

This paper aims at investigating the relationship between collective and cultural memory, myth, and contemporary art practice. Artists in the past have relied on the power of myth to visually speak to their audience, re-presenting myths in an illusionistic way. Today art is not conventionally telling stories anymore and is disentangled from the need for mimesis. How has the relation between art and myth changed outside the framework of representational art? Is the connection between myth and collective and cultural memory used in contemporary art practice? How do art and myth intersect today?
INCERTIDUMBRE Y MALESTAR SUBJETIVO EN CHILE: UNA RADIOGRAFÍA A LA INSEGURIDAD HUMANA COMO FENÓMENO MULTIDIMENSIONAL
Authors: Rodríguez Garcés Carlos , Padilla Fuentes Geraldo , Ávila Bascuñán Javier
Published: December 2020

La inseguridad de la ciudadanía va más allá de lo delictivo, abarcando múltiples dimensiones de la vida social contemporánea; la raíz compartida es la incertidumbre, el sentirse vulnerable. Bajo tal premisa, este artículo analiza la situación de inseguridad ciudadana desde un enfoque multidimensional, enfatizando la perspectiva humana del riesgo percibido. Para esto se utilizan los datos de la encuesta de Bienestar Subjetivo aplicada por el PNUD en Chile el año 2011. Entre los resultados destacan tres hallazgos. Primero, la sensación de vulnerabilidad se encuentra ampliamente extendida entre personas y dimensiones; segundo, los Ingresos, la Salud, y la Delincuencia se posicionan con notabilidad las productoras de inseguridad, y en menor medida el Trabajo y la Educación. Las conclusiones apuntan en dos direcciones aparentemente contradictorias, y es que, por una parte, pese a los intentos por mitigar su extensión, la inseguridad se ha masificado entre públicos y, por otra, si bien las problemáticas responsables de la incertidumbre son inherentes al colectivo, los ciudadanos asumen sus consecuencias individualmente.Palabras clave: Bienestar subjetivo, Salud, Educación, Inseguridad ciudadana, Perspectiva multidimensional.UNCERTAINTY AND SUBJECTIVE DISCOMFORT IN CHILE: RADIOGRAPHY TO THE HUMAN INSECURITY AS A MULTIDIMENSIONAL PHENOMENONAbstractThe insecurity of citizenship goes beyond crime, covering multiple dimensions of social life; the common root is uncertainty, the feeling of vulnerability. In this sense, this article analyzes the situation of citizen insecurity from a multidimensional approach, reviewing the human perspective of perceived risk. The data from the Subjective Wellbeing survey applied by UNDP in Chile in 2011. The results include two findings. First, the feeling of vulnerability is widespread among people and dimensions; second, Income, Health and Crime are positioned notably as producers of insecurity, and to a lesser extent, Work and Education. The conclusions go in two seemingly contradictory directions; on the one hand, despite attempts to mitigate its extension, insecurity has become widespread among audiences; on the other, although the issues responsible for uncertainty are inherent in the collective, citizens assume their consequences individually.Key Words: Subjective well-being, Health, Education, citizen insecurity, Multidimensional perspective.
LA CONCIENCIA SEMIÓTICA DE LOS DOCENTES DE MATEMÁTICA EN LA CONSTRUCCIÓN COGNITIVA DE LOS CONJUNTOS INFINITOS
Authors: Becerra Galindo Héctor Mauricio
Published: December 2020

En este artículo se presentan algunos resultados de la tesis doctoral sobre las problemáticas semióticas en las representaciones de los conjuntos infinitos en la práctica docente, que surge de los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los conjuntos infinitos de números, donde se evidencian dificultades en los estudiantes respecto a su construcción cognitiva. En esta investigación, se centra la atención especialmente en la caracterización de las manifestaciones de “conciencia semiótica” de los docentes sobre las representaciones de los conjuntos infinitos, a partir de su reflexión sobre las producciones y comentarios de sus estudiantes.Palabras clave: Representación semiótica, conciencia semiótica, conjuntos infinitos, problemas semióticos.THE SEMIOTIC CONSCIOUSNESS OF TEACHERS OF MATHEMATICS IN THE COGNITIVE CONSTRUCTION OF INFINITE SETSAbstractThis article presents some results of the doctoral thesis on the semiotic problems in the representations of infinite sets in teaching practice, which arises from the teaching and learning processes of infinite sets of numbers, where difficulties are evident in students regarding its cognitive construction. This research is especially focus on the characterization of the teachers' “semiotic awareness” manifestations of the representations of the infinite sets, based on their reflection on the productions and comments of their students.Keywords: Semiotic representation, semiotic consciousness, infinite sets, semiotic problems.A CONSCIÊCIA SEMIOTICA DE PROFESSORES DE MATEMÁTICA NA CONSTRUÇÃ COGNITIVA DE CONJUNTOS INFINITOSResumoEste artigo apresenta alguns resultados da tese de doutorado sobre os problemas semióticos nas representações de conjuntos infinitos na prática de ensino, que decorre dos processos de ensino e aprendizagem de conjuntos infinitos de números, onde as dificuldades são evidentes nos alunos em relação à sua construção cognitiva. Nesta pesquisa, o foco é especialmente na caracterização das manifestações de “consciência semiótica” pela professores. Nesta pesquisa, o foco é especialmente na caracterização das manifestações de “consciência semiótica” dos professores das representações dos conjuntos infinitos, com base em sua reflexão sobre as produções e comentários de seus alunos.Palavras- chave: Representação semiótica, consciência semiótica, conjuntos infinitos, problemas semióticos.
Healthcare information systems and organizational model of care: current situation and opportunities for progress
Authors:   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Martyushev-Poklad A.V. , Yankevich D. S. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Panteleev S. N. ,   Association of clinical rehabilitologists, Pryanikov I. V. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Guliev Y. I. ,   Ailamazyan Program Systems Institute of RAS
Published: December 2020

The paper discusses possible improvement of healthcare through extension of its organizational model and better utilization of medical information systems. A brief review of ‘classical’ healthcare informatization tools is given with their relation to the steps of healthcare workflow that they intend to optimize. All consumers of healthcare are divided in four target audiences based on their needs in care and health preservation. Concepts of ‘health continuum’ and ‘continuum of care’ are discussed, with special focus on the parts of care continuum where informatization is currently lacking. The underlying reasons for such gaps are limitations of the prevailing healthcare organizational model. The current biomedical diagnosis-centric model of care is compared with biopsychosocial person-centric model. Further progress of healthcare through wider application of biopsychosocial model should expand opportunities for informatization.
Features of informatization of surgical departments of a medical organization. Planning and management of operational activities in a multidisciplinary hospital using MIS Interin
Authors:   FNKTS FMBA of Russia, Anurin O.V. , Arslambekov M. M. ,   FNKTS FMBA of Russia, Belchenkov A. A. ,   "Interin Technologies" LLC, Vityazev G. A. ,   FNKTS FMBA of Russia, Eremin A. V. ,   Ailamazyan Program Systems Institute of RAS, Shutova S. A. ,   "Interin Technologies" LLC
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the automation of the process of planning and management of operational activities in a multidisciplinary hospital – the basic principles and features, parameters and factors affecting the formation of the operation plan are formulated, the model of the business process is described and criteria for its effectiveness are given, the methodological foundations for organizing the planning of operational activities are shown – shown the leading role of the relationship between the plan of operations and the plan of hospitalizations, the role of the medical information system in the automation of operational activities is determined. All identified methods of increasing the efficiency of the operational activity of medical institutions by means of MIS were tested on the example of using MIS Interin PROMIS Alpha at the Federal Research and Clinical Center of the FMBA of Russia. The results that were achieved as a result of the practical application of these methods with the use of MIS in the organization of the daily process of the activities of surgeons in the Federal Research Center of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia are considered.
Patient-centered online platform as a service of digital healthcare ecosystem
Authors:   Ailamazyan Program Systems Institute of RAS, Guliev Y. I. , Kazakov I. F. ,   Ailamazyan Program Systems Institute of RAS, Martyushev-Poklad A.V. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, Panteleev S. N. ,   Association of clinical rehabilitologists, Yankevich D. S. ,   Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology
Published: December 2020

Opportunities of healthcare informatization tools are closely related to and limited by requirements of the corresponding model of care. The paper covers specific features of biopsychosocial patient-centered (BPC) model and their implications for informatization. Some approaches to automation of BPC model are discussed: ecosystem architecture and patient-centered online platform that provides communication infrastructure for consumers and providers of health services. Operation principles, functions and services of the platform are described that should help the platform meet the requirements of BPC model. The proposed online platform can supplement the existing healthcare informatization tools in addressing the challenge of chronic diseases epidemic.
Modern person: security problems of adaptation to the new information environment
Authors: О. П. Дзьобань  , О. О. Рубан
Published: December 2020

The article focuses on the major social problems of safe human adaptation to changing conditions of the information society. The following issues are proposed for consideration in this regard: the problem of language communication as a core of informatization, and the problem of personal information security. It is proved that information technology, becoming a modern civilization core, change not only quality and content of modern life, they threaten to transformate the very way of human existence in the world, so the transition to the information society can have unpredictable consequences.
Resonant phenomena in the systems of the Іnternet of Things
Authors: С. М. Брайчевський
Published: December 2020

The paper deals with specific effects caused by the presence of two groups of oscillatory processes – changes in environmental parameters and processing of input data by the system. It is shown that, under certain conditions, resonance phenomena may occur in the system, which can lead to its unpredictable behavior.
Construction of ontologies in the field of law according to the service Google Scholar
Authors: Д. В. Ланде  , О. О. Дмитренко  , О. Г. Радзієвська
Published: December 2020

The article presents approaches to the structuring of data distributed in scientific documentary resources of the Internet. It represents generating methods of subject branches models as networks in terms of certain subjects, containing important information in the framework of the given topic. Networks of natural hierarchies of terms for the corpus of documents related to the topics “Criminal Law” and “Copyright Law” are built. The considered methodic of creating a network of words and phrases, the implementation of the algorithm for the formation of networks of natural hierarchies of terms – will contribute to the formation and improvement of conceptual and terminological apparatus in the legal sphere and the harmonization of national and international law.
Yiyecek İşletmeleri Çalışanlarının Bakış Açısı ile Destinasyon İmajı, Tanıtımı ve Davranışsal Niyet İlişkisi: Adıyaman Örneği
Authors: DÖNBAK Eda Rukiye , SABBAĞ Çiğdem
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Adıyaman’da yer alan yiyecek işletmeleri çalışanlarının bakış açısından ziyaretçilerin davranışsal niyetleri ile gastronomi unsurlarından oluşan destinasyon imajı ve tanıtım ilişkisini değerlendirmeye çalışmaktır. Bu araştırmada, ilişkisel tarama deseninde niceliksel araştırma yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Anket formu; literatür araştırmasından elde edilmiş bilgiler ile derlenmiş olan davranışsal niyet, destinasyon imajı ve tanıtımı bölümlerini kapsayan yirmi bir tane 5’li derecelendirmeye sahip Likert tipi ölçek ve demografiye yönelik yedi sorgu maddesinden oluşturulmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak kullanılan anketler 12.04.2019 ile 22.06.2019 tarihleri arasında Adıyaman’da yer alan yiyecek işletmeleri çalışanlarına uygulanmıştır. Veriler normal dağılım özelliği gösterdiğinden analizlerde parametrik testler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda faktör boyutları arasında anlamlı ve pozitif ilişki belirlenmiştir. Adıyaman’ın gastronomi içerikli destinasyon imajı ve tanıtımının ziyaretçilerin davranışsal niyetindeki değişim üzerinde anlamlı etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Profesyonel Turist Rehberlerinin Gözünden Karadeniz Ereğli’nin Turizm Potansiyelinin İncelenmesi
Authors: ÇAKMAK Tolga Fahri
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı Zonguldak ili Karadeniz Ereğli ilçesinin mevcut turizm potansiyelinin turist rehberleri açısından değerlendirilmesidir. Çalışma ilçedeki turizm potansiyelini ortaya koyarken bir yandan turist rehberlerinin algısında yer edinmiş bölgesel değerlere dikkat çekmekte diğer yandan rekabetçi destinasyon yapısına zarar veren eksiklikleri irdelemektedir. Nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden görüşme tekniği ile tamamlanmış bu çalışmada görüşme formu yaklaşımı tercih edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 17 turist rehberine ulaşılmış, tekrar eden sonuçlardan sonra 13 turist rehberi ile görüşmeler tamamlanmıştır. Katılımcılardan elde edilen bilgiler betimsel analiz aracılığı ile incelenmiştir. Yapılan görüşmelerde Karadeniz Ereğli ilçesi tur rotalarında seyrek olarak uğranan genelde yarım gün geçirilen ve konaklama yapılmaksızın ziyaret edilen bir destinasyon olduğu belirlenmiştir. Turistler tarafından beğenilen bir yer olarak değerlendirilen ilçenin tarihi, doğal ve kültürel pek çok değere sahip olduğu ancak hak ettiği turizm potansiyeline ulaşamadığı sonucuna varılmıştır. Turizm faaliyetlerinde gözlenen sorunlarda, başta yiyecek içecek hizmetlerinin ve yerel tatların sunumunun yetersizliği olmak üzere, park sorunu, hediyelik eşyanın çok kısıtlı olması, ilçeye dair tanıtım eksikliği gibi iyileştirilmesi gereken yönler belirtilmiştir.
Türkiye'de İnanç Turizmi Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: AYAZ Nurettin , EREN Mehmet
Published: December 2020

Dini amaçlı seyahatler, seyahatin en eski ve en yaygın nedenlerinden biridir. Türbeler, tapınaklar, kiliseler, dini yerler ve törenler her zaman bir çekicilik unsuru olmuş, bugün de dini turizm çekicilikleri ile tanınan ve çok sayıda ziyaretçi çeken birçok destinasyon bulunmaktadır. Bu destinasyonlardan üç önemli din (İslamiyet, Hristiyanlık, Musevilik) için dini zenginlikleri bünyesinde bulunduran ülkelerden bir tanesi de Türkiye’dir. Türkiye, inanç turizmi açısından 44 ilindeki çekicilikleri ve inanç turizmi kapsamında yılda en az 250 bin kişiyi ağırlayabilme kapasitesi ile oldukça önemli bir varış noktasıdır. Bu anlamda Türkiye turizminde inanç turizmine yönelik bilimsel çalışmalar önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmada Türkiye’de inanç turizmi kapsamında hazırlanmış olan lisansüstü tez çalışmaların anlık bir görüntüsünün ortaya çıkarılması ve ibadetin gereğini yerine getirme, ruhi rahatlama ve kültürel amaçlarla şekillenebilen inanç turizmi konusunda farkındalık oluşturulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Yükseköğretim Kurumu Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında “İnanç Turizmi” alanında yayımlanan lisansüstü tezler “bibliyometrik analiz” ve “içerik analizi” teknikleri kullanılarak çeşitli parametreler doğrultusunda analiz edilmektedir. İnanç turizmine yönelik tezlerin büyük çoğunluğu yüksek lisans tezi olup, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Turizm İşletmeciliği Anabilim Dalı bünyesinde hazırlanmıştır. Tezler; alternatif turizm geliştirme, tanıtım, imaj, pazarlama, hizmet kalitesi, etkinlik geliştirme, koruma ve farkındalık oluşturma amaçları ekseninde şekillenmektedir.
COMPARATIVE OF AGROECOLOGICALLY FERTILIZERS WITH MINERAL FERTILIZER IN SECOND CUT SUGARCANE IN THE REGION OF THE SOUTHWEST STATE OF GOIÁS, BRAZIL
Authors: Almeida Júnior Joaquim Júlio , Silva Danubio Deikti Rodrigues , Lazarini Edson , Smiljanic Katya Bonfim Ataides , Matos Francisco Solano Araújo , Barbosa Uessiley Ribeiro , Silva Victor Júlio Almeida , Miranda Beatriz Campos , Da Silva Reinaldo Ferreira , De Almeida Eder Vaz , Leal Adriano Bernardo , De Rezende Júnior Vilmar Neves
Published: December 2020

This work evaluated the second cut of the technological variables "plant biometrics" of sugarcane culture using different fertilizers and different doses of organomineral fertilizers in the southwestern region of Goiás, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in the 2017/2018 harvest, in Mineiros, state of Goiás, Brazil. Initial and final plant population, tons of cane per hectare, total recovered sugar, plant height, stalk diameter, and internodes number were evaluated. There were eight procedures with three different dosages of organominerals, three dosages of poultry beds, one chemical fertilizer, and control distributed in randomized blocks with four repetitions. It can be concluded that the poultry bed is excellent for keeping technological variables tested in the best achieved means, with the two main parameters tons of cane per hectare (TCH) and total recovered sugar (TRS) being statistically equal when compared to mineral fertilizer.
Addressing the Life-Course Approach in Vaccination Policy across Europe: The Case History of Spain
Authors: Votta M , Quaggia D , Decarolis G , Moya E , Baquero Ubeda JL , Cardillo M
Published: December 2020

In April 2019, the Italian NGO Cittadinanzattiva, through its international branch Active Citizenship Network (ACN) launched, during the European immunization week, a new project called “European Active Citizens for Vaccination”. The aim was to improve the awareness on the importance of vaccination across Europe: The scientific evidence is clear; vaccination is an essential public health tool and helps to guarantee our fundamental rights as European citizens. ACN realized a social media communication campaign supporting and spreading awareness on the topic of life-long vaccination, videos were made in all the national languages of the involved countries (Italy, Hungary, Poland, Ireland and Spain) and then produced, shared and customized for each country. Moreover, an informative leaflet in a different language was produced. Civic consultations on the National Immunization Plan were held in Poland, Hungary and Spain. This article describes the main results of the focus group held in Spain on the topic of vaccination and on its related policies. The full report has been published in the Report entitled “European Active Citizens for Vaccination: focus on Spain (2019 - 2020)” edited by Cittadinanzattiva APS.
Innate and Adaptive Immunity in Fish: A Review
Authors: Mustafa Enas , AL-Taee Shahbaa
Published: December 2020

The fish inhabitant in an aquatic environment so it persists exposure to pathogen and stressor factors so they have a developing immune system similar to that in high vertebrate with some differences points. Head Kidney considered the main and primary hematopoietic organs while spleen, thymus and gut-associated lymphoid tissue represented secondary hematopoietic organs. The immune system divided to the innate immune system doesn’t have a memory of previous responses, non-specific cellular as natural killer cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils with non-specific component these involve complement, lysosomes and acute-phase protein, if the pathogen persists the specific, memory adaptive immunity would be stimulation which composed of two subunits humeral and natural antibodies act for invading extracellular pathogen and the second subunits which are cytokines and T-lymphocyte act for kill intracellular bacterial, parasitic and viral infection. Both subunits (innate and adaptive) of the immune system act each together in the hosts to prevent microorganism’s infection and reducer the environmental stressors and give fish immune status. It is concluded from this article review that fish, like mammalians, have an advanced immune system that plays a role in fish resistance to pathological factors and maintaining fish health.
Cadmium Toxicity and some Target Organs: A Review
Authors: Farhan Ahmed , Jasim Saif T.
Published: December 2020

Cadmium is dangerous pollutant in environment because it is difficult to excrete out of the body. It causes disease in humans and animals. When the body absorbs large quantities of cadmium or when constantly exposed to small quantities, it is toxic to the body. Cadmium affects many parts of the body, the most important of which are the liver, kidneys, lungs, and testes. Both the liver and the kidney are considered organs to excrete toxins, such as heavy metals. Therefore, they are most influenced by cadmium. This study focuses on the toxicity of cadmium in the liver, kidneys, lungs and testes and its toxic effects on the histological, cellular, and functional level of each organ. We will discuss the mechanism through which cadmium causes damage to the organs of the body and the interaction that results from it.
Gross and Histopathological Study of the Genitalia in Goats: 2. Tubular Genital Organs (Uterine tubes and Uterus)
Authors: Karim Mukhtar , Muhammad Faraidoon , Muhammad Mardin
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to detect the microscopic and macroscopic lesions in uterine tubes and uterus in Sluaimani abattoir, Kurdistan region/Iraq. The total samples collected were 340 genitalia of does of pregnant and non-pregnant. 37.05% (126/340) of the samples were pregnant and 37.35% (127/340) of the samples were observed without gross lesions and 2.23% (10/340) were noticed with uterine tube gross abnormalities and the remaining 34 (12.941%) samples were recorded as anatomical lesions and pathological lesions of uterus. The a numbers of uterine tubes abnormalities were 11 out of 340 specimens (3.235%), and the most common lesions were; salpingitis 6 cases (7.64%); 1 case from each of hydrosalpinx and Pyosalpinx, respectively (0.294%). Microscopically, the lesions of salpingitis were sloughing off the part of the epithelium and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Three specimens of cyst on uterine tubes (0.882%). The numbers of uterine lesions were 44 specimens which shared 12.941% of abnormalities out of the 340 collected specimens. The most common diseased genital cases were; endometritis and metritis which 21 cases (6.176%), which were histopathologically characterized by a significant increase in the endometrial thickness due to diffuse infiltration of inflammatory cells mainly lymphocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts with deposition of extracellular matrix. Five pyometra (1.470%), which was histolopatholgically characterized by definite increase in the uterine wall thickness, especially in the endometrium due to infiltration of light pinkish fibrinous inflammatory exudates with mild inflammatory cell proliferation. Three Hydrometra specimens (0.882%), and five endometrial cystic hyperplasia (1.470%). The microscopic lesions for them include massive cystic dilatation of the uterine gland that contains pinkish granular secretion, infiltration of light pinkish edematous fluid in the endometrial stroma associated with inflammatory cells. Two specimens of uterine wall with cysticercus tenuicolis (0.588%), and one uterine melanoma (0.294%), The histopathological features for the uterine melanoma include; deposition of the dark black melanin pigment within the phagocytic cells. Uterine leiomyosarcoma was one specimens (0.294%), which histologically, appear as pleomorphic cells variable in shape and size with different nuclear size randomly oriented in different directions, some of these cells were hyperchromatic with an abnormal mitotic figure. One case of cyst on the uterine wall was found (0.294%), and five cervicitis (1.470%). Finally, it could be concluded that uterine tubes, and uterus abnormalities constitute a percentage (3.235%, and 12.941%), respectively. In this study, uterine melanoma, and uterine leiomyosarcoma were firstly recorded in this study in Iraq and Kurdistan region.
Semiautomated Class Attendance Monitoring Using Smartphone Technology
Authors: Cronjé Louise , Sanders Ian
Published: December 2020

Class attendance is important. Class attendance recording is often done using ‘roll-call’ or signing attendance registers. These are time consuming, easy to cheat and it is difficult to draw any information from them. There are other, expensive alternatives to automate attendance recording with varying accuracy. This study experimented with a smart phone camera and different combinations of face detection and recognition algorithms to determine if it can be used to record attendance successfully, while keeping the solution cost-effective. The effect of different class sizes was also investigated. The research was done within a pragmatism philosophy, using a prototype in a field experiment. The algorithms that were used, are: Viola-Jones (HAAR features), Deep Neural Network (DNN) and Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) for detection and Eigenfaces, Fisherfaces and Local Binary Pattern Histogram (LBPH) for recognition. The best combination was Viola-Jones combined with Fisherfaces, with a mean accuracy of 54% for a class of 10 students and 34.5% for a class of 22 students. The best all over performance on a single class photo was 70% (class size 10). As is, this prototype is not accurate enough to use, but with a few adjustments, it may become a cheap, easy-to-implement solution to the attendance recording problem.
Enfermedad de Pompe Infantil: A propósito del primer caso reportado en Panamá
Authors: González Aida J
Published: December 2020

La enfermedad de Pompe (EP) es una rara enfermedad hereditaria causada por la deficiencia de la enzima alfa glucosidasa ácida (AGA) encargada de degradar el glucógeno intralisososmal. Se considera una enfermedad de depósito y existe en dos formas: la infantil o de aparición temprana y la de inicio tardío con manifestaciones luego del del año de edad. La forma infantil es rápidamente progresiva, causando la muerte antes del primer año de vida si no hay intervención terapéutica oportuna y adecuada. A partir del desarrollo de la terapia de reemplazo enzimática (TRE) el diagnóstico temprano cobra mayor relevancia. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 8 meses de edad con dificultad respiratoria, hipotonía, alteración del desarrollo y la alimentación. La exploración cardiológica demostró hallazgos de miocardiopatía. Los hallazgos clínicos orientan hacia Enfermedad de Pompe. Se realiza la prueba en papel filtro que reporta positiva para enfermedad de Pompe. Sin embargo, la paciente fallece el día 25 de hospitalización antes de iniciar la terapia con reemplazo enzimático. Es el primer caso reportado en nuestro medio.
Computer simulation of the biomorphic neuroprocessor — the carrier of artificial intelligence
Authors: Udovichenko S. Yu , Pisarev A. D. , Busygin A. N. , Ebrahim A. H.
Published: December 2020

С помощью оригинальной специализированной программы MDCSPICE для расчета больших электрических схем, содержащих мемристорно-диодные кроссбары, проведено численное моделирование и показана работоспособность входного и выходного устройств биоморфного нейропроцессора, построенных с использованием логической матрицы. Исследованы режимы кодирования двоичного числа в частоту и задержки импульсов, одновременно в частоту и задержки импульсов как одним виртуальным нейроном, так и их популяцией, а также исследован режим декодирования импульсов в стандартный двоичный код для вывода информации из нейропроцессора. Приведены результаты моделирования механизма ассоциативного самообучения в аппаратной импульсной нейросети из четырех нейронов и аппаратного персептрона на основе запоминающей матрицы нейропроцессора. Впервые продемонстрирована генерация новой ассоциации (нового знания) в мемристорно-диодном кроссбаре, являющемся основой аппаратной нейросети нейропроцессора, в отличие от самообучения в существующих аппаратных нейросетях с синапсами на базе дискретных мемристоров.
Modeling technogenic migration of heavy metals and ecological safety of territories
Authors: Sarapulova G. I.
Published: December 2020

Получены новые трехмерные геохимические модели латерального распределения тяжелых металлов — Pb и Cu в зависимости от ключевых параметров техногенной почвы: рН и содержание органического углерода — С орг. Модели отражают реальные процессы миграционной особенности подвижной и закрепленной форм токсичных металлов и позволяет прогнозировать состояния экологической безопасности территорий в зоне техногенеза.
Methods of the theory of random processes and applied functional analysis in the development of numerical models of viral disease epidemics
Authors: Derevich I. V.
Published: December 2020

Распространение эпидемии вирусных заболеваний является сложным физическим, микробиологическим и социальным процессом, закономерности развития которого в настоящее время не ясны, а методы математического моделирования находятся в стадии разработки. Вследствие стохастического характера передачи вирусной инфекции между членами популяции адекватные методы описания опираются на теорию случайных процессов. Медико-биологическое состояние индивида определяется концентрацией патогенного вируса в организме. Представлены три математические модели влияния случайной миграции членов сообщества на динамику изменения медико-биологического состояния членов популяции. Цель исследования — установить основные механизмы влияния случайного перемещения, миграции, нелокальности инфицирования на динамику развития эпидемии инфекционных заболеваний. В первой модели рассматривается развитие популяции микроорганизмов в ограниченной области в результате их случайной миграции через границу области. Показано, что случайные потоки микроорганизмов через границу могут качественно изменить динамику развития популяции в рассматриваемой области. Представлено сопоставление результатов моделирования динамики численности на основе аналитического решения детерминированного уравнения и данных прямого численного решения системы стохастических обыкновенных дифференциальных уравнений. Получено замкнутое уравнение для функции плотности вероятности количества микроорганизмов в области в условиях случайной миграции. Показано удовлетворительное согласие данных прямого численного моделирования и результатов решения системы уравнений для моментов, иллюстрирующих динамику развития микроорганизмов. Вторая модель описывает развитие эпидемии инфекционных заболеваний в области для сравнительно небольшого числа индивидов с учетом их случайного перемещения. Учитывается нелокальный характер инфицирования между отдельными индивидами. Разработана математическая модель «социального поведения» индивидов с учетом их взаимодействия между собой и со стенкой ограниченной области. Случайные траектории индивидов с учетом их взаимного влияния моделируются на основе современных методов решения систем стохастических дифференциальных уравнений. Показано, что результаты прямого численного моделирования развития инфекционных заболеваний в популяции случайно перемещающихся индивидов не могут быть получены в рамках традиционных гомогенных моделей развития эпидемии инфекционных заболеваний. В третьей задаче вариационный метод погружения в прикладной математике используется для реконструкции и прогноза в ближайшей перспективе численности инфицированных Covid-19 для ряда стран мира. Показано, что в эпидемии коронавируса существуют универсальные стадии, длительность протекания которых и скорость распространения эпидемии определяются консервативными законами репликации вируса и социальных особенностей поведения населения стран.
Main Stages in the Development of Kinesitherapy (Lecture)
Authors: Petrov K.B. , Ivonina N.A. , Mitichkina T.V.
Published: December 2020

The authors present their own views on the development of therapeutic gymnastics methods for the rehabilitation of motor neurological disorders. The long and ambiguous process of physical therapy evolution from the use of passive movements to modern kinesitherapy based on the laws of neurophysiology is described. It took more than half a century for the elementary passive gymnastics,originally used in the treatment of motor neurological disorders, to become modern kinesitherapy. The gradual accumulation of clinical experience and scientific knowledge made it possible to first introduce empirically found methods of excitation of some paretic muscles into rehabilitation practice, and then supply them with methods of including individual parts of the body in the motor activity due to the forced contraction of adjacent surviving muscle groups. The Soviet physiologists had developed functional systems doctrine and the concept of voluntary movements multilevel organization based on inborn and acquired motor programs. This investigation helped to understand that the skillful use of preserved motor abilities is the key to successful reconstruction of the basic functions, as well as every day and working skills (reflexes, synkinesis, mechanical coordination and reactive forces). In this case, the process of voluntary movement development is always associated with the patient’s volitional inhibition ability. So, it possible to counton impaired functions compensation in a reduced form long before the complete mobilization of all components of the movement. In chronological order, a critical review of several well-known kinesitherapy techniques is given (sisters Kenny, G. Kabat, S. Brunnström,spouses Bobat, etc.).
Hippotherapy in Medical-and-Social Rehabilitation for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Akhmadeeva L.R. , Gizatullin R.R. , Gizatullin R.H. , Khokh I.R.  , Voitenkov V.B. , Ekusheva E.V. , Nikitina N.A. , Robinson C.
Published: December 2020

The term “hippotherapy” can be defined as physiotherapy treatment “one patient – one horse”, meaning communication with a horse and riding. The main tasks of hippotherapy are to regulate muscle tone (reduce spasticity) and improve breathing, strengthen the muscles of the trunk, improve balance control and coordination, as well as improving control over walking. The aim of the study was to provide an example of the effectiveness of hippotherapy in the complex therapy of multiple sclerosis. Materials and Methods. An analysis of the literature and a clinical case of a 52‑year-old female patient with multiple sclerosis who underwent a single course of hippotherapy was presented. The following tests, questionnaires and scales: Wakefield Self-Assessment and Depression Scale, Spielberger-Hanin Self-Assessment Scale, SAN Questionnaire, Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Beck Depression Scale. Results. The patient had both positive results on the basis of tests, questionnaires and scales, and on subjective self-awareness. Conclusion. The clinical case demonstrates the effectiveness and the need to consider hippotherapy in the course of medical rehabilitation and psychosocial support of patients with multiple sclerosis, not only with its mild forms, but also with severe forms, as in our observation.