bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insights into Opposite and Positive Effects of Biochar and Organic Fertilizer on Red Soil Properties and Growth of Pennisetum giganteum
Authors: Zhang Bangxi , Li Xue , Fu Tianhong , Li Hongzhao , Li Wendi , Zhang Qinyu , Wang Jie , Chen Bo , Yang Rende , Zhang Baige , Wang Xiaomin , He Xuehan , Chen Hao , Zhang Yujin , Peng Yutao
Published: October 2023

Biochar (BC) and organic fertilizers (OFs) are both organic soil amendments that can be used to improve soil quality, but their effects on soil physicochemical properties and microbial structures may be different. Comparative studies can help us understand the advantages and disadvantages of different types of soils. In the current research, five treatments, including a control group (CK), two concentrations of biochar (2% BC and 4% BC), and two concentrations of organic fertilizer (2% OF and 4% OF) and their effects on soil properties, enzyme activities, and bacterial diversity were evaluated. The BC and OF significantly increased the soil EC, pH, and soil nutrients (p < 0.05). The 2% BC increased the biomass of Pennisetum giganteum by 41.7%. The 4% BC and OF reduced the biomass of P. giganteum. Furthermore, the observed decrease in the P. giganteum yield following the application of the 4% BC can be attributed to reductions in the available phosphorus (AP) and CaCl2-P, as well as alterations in the soil enzyme activity. However, the negative impact of OFs on crop yield may be associated with an increased EC, elevated abundance of soil-borne pathogens, and decreased levels of beneficial microorganisms. In summary, a comparative study of the effects of BC and OF on the growth of P. giganteum in acidic soil is of great significance for improving the soil quality, promoting the development of organic agriculture, protecting the environment, and promoting land reclamation.
Gender Social Bonds in the Latin American Market
Authors: González-Ruiz Juan David , Marín-Rodríguez Nini Johana , Valencia-Arias Alejandro
Published: October 2023

Although issuances of sustainable debt are growing worldwide, there is a lack of studies that allow a better understanding the social bond issuances, particularly those with a gender focus, which are directly related to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals 5, 8, 9, and 10. This study addresses the identified knowledge gap by examining the overall state of the gender social bonds in the Latin American market between 2019 and 2022. The results revealed that a total of USD 1 billion was issued by 12 issuers conducting 14 issuances across six countries. Also, most issuances were financial corporations (58.4%) and supranational banks had a pivotal role in this market by being buyers and/or lead managers. As the first study conducted on this topic, this represents a milestone in sustainable finance research. Finally, this study will allow policy makers, regulators, and researchers to promote the issuance of gender social bonds.
Investigation of Indoor Thermal Environment and Heat-Using Behavior for Heat-Metering Households in Northern China
Authors: Yang Xiu’e , Ji Wenjie , Wang Chunhui , Wu Haidong
Published: October 2023

Heat-using behavior has a major impact on heating energy in heat-metering systems, and therefore, a better understanding can assist in behavior guidance to reduce energy. The objective of this paper was to investigate heat-using behavior, including adjusting heating end valves and operating windows, and identify the main factors affecting the heat-using behavior of households in heat-metering modes. Thirty households were measured and surveyed. The factors influencing heat-using behavior, including outdoor and indoor environmental parameters and time of day, were analyzed. The results are the following: (1) The indoor temperature for heat-metering households was relatively high, up to 24–25 °C (95% confidence interval). (2) The heat-using behavior of households has a lack of rationality: a low proportion of households with adjusted heating end valves, high indoor temperature settings, and more frequent window openings. Improving indoor comfort is the main reason for households to adjust heating end valves, accounting for 79% (95% confidence interval, CI: 71–87%). “Thermostat control valve does not work” is the main reason for households without adjustment, accounting for 63% (95% confidence interval, CI: 53–72%). (3) Time of day and indoor temperature affect active households’ willingness to adjust heating end valves. Time of day, indoor temperature, and outdoor temperature have impacts on opening windows during heating periods.
The Principles and Evaluation of Green Construction of Tunnels in Frigid Plateau Regions
Authors: Li Jing , Liang Qingguo , Zhao Tao , Li Haining , Zhou Caigui , Xue Xiaopan
Published: October 2023

Green construction is an advanced concept and development trend in engineering construction. It is cold and arid in frigid plateau regions in western China, where the ecological environment is vulnerable to engineering constructions and other human activities. Hence, the time and cost for environmental remediation are much larger than in other areas. Based on the principles and category of green construction, this paper discusses the overall and partial relationship between green construction and green construction operation, presents the technical construction process of the green construction of a tunnel, and puts forward the key points of green construction with the construction practice for tunnels in frigid plateau regions as the engineering background. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) The breakthrough points of the research on green construction include five first-level evaluation indicators of savings the land, energy, water resources, materials, and human resources, as well as protection for personnel health and environment, i.e., five savings and two protections. A comprehensive evaluation system suitable for green construction is proposed and established. (2) The paper summarizes the following essential aspects: the fine classification and safety evaluation of surrounding rock, the changes in the seepage field in the construction process, and the establishment of a standardized construction system. (3) A green construction evaluation was conducted on the tunnel of the Yindajihuang Project, and the green evaluation results were obtained. The evaluation results are basically consistent with the actual situation. In addition, intelligent construction technology should be the orientation of green construction for tunnels. The research would be helpful to the implementation of green construction ideas and technologies for tunnels in frigid plateau regions and the persistence of green and sustainable development.
Does Regional Integration Improve Carbon Emission Performance?—A Quasi-Natural Experiment on Regional Integration in the Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: Ai Kunpeng , Xu Ning
Published: October 2023

Carbon emission performance (CEP) comprehensively considers the four-dimensional factors of “carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth” and constitutes a key indicator for low-carbon and high-quality development. Although some studies have previously explored the relationship between regional integration and carbon emissions from different perspectives, it remains unclear how regional integration affects carbon emission performance. This article regards the regional integration construction of the Yangtze River Economic Belt as a quasi-natural experiment and uses the difference-in-difference (DID) model to empirically examine the mechanisms behind regional integration and their impact on carbon emission performance. The results show that regional integration significantly promotes improvements in carbon emission performance, primarily through three transmission mechanisms: resource factor allocation, economies of scale, and green innovation. It can also promote improvements in carbon emission performance in high-level carbon emission performance cities, middle- and downstream cities, non-natural-resource-oriented cities, and non-riverside cities. This article provides theoretical and empirical evidence that can be utilized to promote China’s high-quality, low-carbon transformation through regional integration construction in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Factors Driving Sustainable Consumption in Azerbaijan: Comparison of Generation X, Generation Y and Generation Z
Authors: Mammadli Mubariz
Published: October 2023

The importance of sustainable consumption requires understanding and studying the factors that influence consumer preferences. This study contributes to the understanding of intergenerational differences in the factors that drive consumers toward sustainable consumption in Azerbaijan. In this research, 200 sustainable consumers were first interviewed and the factors that pushed them to sustainable consumption were listed. According to the answers received, these factors were ecological concerns, health concerns and subjective norms. Based on these approaches, a survey was conducted among 1380 sustainable consumers in 2022 and analyzed which of these factors had the greater impact among Generations X, Y and Z. The results obtained using ANOVA revealed that ecological and health issues differed across generations, while subjective norms did not vary across generations.
Test Case Selection through Novel Methodologies for Software Application Developments
Authors: Raju Sekar Kidambi , Gopalan Sathiamoorthy , Towfek S. K. , Sukumar Arunkumar , Khafaga Doaa Sami , Alkahtani Hend K. , Alahmadi Tahani Jaser
Published: October 2023

Test case selection is to minimize the time and effort spent on software testing in real-time practice. During software testing, software firms need techniques to finish the testing in a stipulated time while uncompromising on quality. The motto is to select a subset of test cases rather than take up all available test cases to uncover most bugs. Our proposed model in the research study effort is termed SCARF-RT, which stands for Similarity coefficient (SC), Creating Acronyms, Regression test (RT), and Fuzzy set (FS) with Dataset (DS). Clustering of test cases using ranking and also based on similarity coefficients is to be implemented. This research considered eleven different features for clustering the test cases. Two techniques have been used. Firstly, each cluster will, to a certain extent, encompass a collection of distinct traits. Depending on the coverage of the feature, a cluster of test cases might be chosen. The ranking approach was used to create these groupings. The second methodology finds similarity among test cases based on eleven features. Then, the maxmin composition is used to find fuzzy equivalences upon which clusters are formed. Most similar test cases are clustered. Test cases of every cluster are selected as a test suite. The outcomes of this research show that the selected test cases based on the proposed approaches are better than existing methodologies in selecting test cases with less duration and at the same time not compromising on quality. Both fuzzy rank-based clustering and similarity coefficient-based clustering test case selection approaches have been developed and implemented. With the help of these methods, testers may quickly choose test cases based on the suggested characteristics and complete regression testing more quickly.
Potentially Toxic Cyanobacteria in a Eutrophic Reservoir in Northern Colombia
Authors: Claudia Tapia-Larios , Jesus Olivero-Verbel
Published: October 2023

The El Guájaro reservoir, situated in northern Colombia, holds significant economic and ecological importance. It is categorized as eutrophic due to factors such as wastewater discharges, agricultural practices, and the dragging of limestone material. These factors create favorable conditions for cyanobacterial proliferation. This study evaluates the diversity and abundance of cyanobacteria, with special attention to the genera identified as toxin producers, and bloom formers within the reservoir. Sampling was conducted in the photic zone at seven stations during both rainy and dry seasons between 2015 and 2019. Abundance and diversity were quantified using the iNEXT program, while a beta diversity analysis assessed community differentiation in relation to environmental parameters. A total of 86 species from 12 orders and 42 genera were identified, with 44% of these species noted as potentially toxic. A significant predominance of filamentous species was identified. Pseudanabaena and Phormidium were the most frequent and abundant genera. The results reveal distinct distribution and abundance patterns influenced by seasonal fluctuations. A notable bloom, co-dominated by Microcystis and Dolichospermum, occurred during the 2019 dry season, leading to the mortality of livestock and other animals. Urgent governance measures and control strategies are imperative to mitigate the health impact of such blooms.
Self-Regenerating Solar Evaporation System for Simultaneous Salt Collection and Freshwater from Seawater
Authors: Alomar Muneerah , Almutairi Badriah S. , Alterary Seham S. , Awad Manal A. , Hussain Fida , Hendi Awatif A. , El-Tohamy Maha F. , Al-Hoshani N.
Published: October 2023

Water scarcity is a serious issue which is increasing gradually due to rapid industrialization and population explosion. Biomass-inspired photothermal materials are of great importance due to their low-cost and enhanced photothermal conversion efficiencies. Herein, a pyrolyzed honokiol biochar (HB) is successfully synthesized to fabricate a self-regenerating solar evaporating system for in situ freshwater, and salt collection from seawater. The pyrolyzed biochar was innovatively printed onto a non-woven fabric (HB@NF) that exhibits excellent solar absorption (96%), and efficient stability in seawater. The self-regenerating structure is constructed in two parts: (1) HB-printed fabric as a photothermal layer for efficient solar-to-vapor conversion efficiencies (93%) under 1 kW m−2. (2) Umbrella-like centralized seawater supply via cigarette filter to achieve the Marangoni effect for in situ water evaporation and salt collection. More importantly, effective thermal management achieved efficient heat accumulation (48.5 °C) under one sun intensity (1 kWm−2), and its validation is also demonstrated in a COMSOL heat transfer simulation. Furthermore, a series of experiments on salt collection over different periods, evaporation stability under different cycles, and rejection of primary metal ions via Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP–OES) have been investigated. It is believed that this work will create new avenues regarding in situ freshwater and minerals recovery from seawater.
Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Using p-n Heterostructured Cr2O3/ZrO2 Nanocomposite
Authors: Wei Xueyu , Naraginti Saraschandra , Chen Pengli , Li Jiyuan , Yang Xiaofan , Li Buwei
Published: October 2023

Antibiotic pollution beyond the safety limits poses a significant threat to the environmental sustainability and human health which necessitates the development of efficient methods for reducing antibiotics in pharmaceutical wastewater. Photocatalysis is a proven technology which has drawn considerable attention in semiconductor photocatalysts. Our study aims to develop a highly efficient Cr2O3/ZrO2 photocatalyst for the degradation of tetracycline (TCL) under visible light. The synthesized catalyst was well characterized by XRD, HR-TEM-SAED, XPS, FT-IR, BET and UV-Vis-DRS methods. The effects of various parameters on photocatalytic degradation were evaluated in detail, showing that 97.1% of 50 mgL−1 tetracycline concentrations could be degraded within 120 min at pH 5 with a 0.1 gL−1 photocatalyst-loading concentration under visible light (300 W Xe lamp). The uniform distribution of spherical ZrO2 nanoparticles on the surface of the Cr2O3 nano-cubes efficiently reduced the recombination rate with an energy bandgap of 2.75 eV, which provided a faster photodegradation of tetracycline under visible light. In addition, a plausible degradation pathway and photoproducts generated during the photocatalytic degradation of TCL are proposed based on the LC-ESI/MS results, which suggested that efficient photodegradation was achieved during the visible light irradiation. Thus, our study reveals that the cost-effective Cr2O3-based photocatalyst with multi-reusability and efficient energy consumption could be an efficient photocatalyst for the rapid degradation of TCL during the wastewater treatment process.
National measurement standard of liquid density unit: structure, metrological characteristics, and operation principles
Authors: Kuzmenko Yrii , Ovchar Liudmyla , Gavrylkin Volodymyr , Melnykov Oleksandr , Kyrychenko Yunona , Butkovska Nataliia , Shvedova Viktoriia , Sedliarov Yehor , Firsov Kostiantyn
Published: October 2023

The article presents the structure, composition, operation principle, and metrological characteristics of the national primary measurement standard of liquid density unit. This measurement standard realizes the liquid density unit by reference procedure and is the basis for comparison and metrological traceability for other measurement standards of liquid density unit, that made it possible to give it the national primary standard status. Based on accuracy characteristics analysis of primary measurement standards from other countries (CMC-lines from the KCDB of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures based on key and supplementary comparisons), it is possible to prove its high metrological status and initiate international comparisons for establishing its metrological equivalence to the analogical measurement standards from other countries. Measurement standard operation algorithms (in weighting and comparing mode) and uncertainty sources contributing to the uncertainty budget of liquid density measurement, which make it possible to submit measurement results according to established international requirements, are analyzed in the publication.
PROCEDURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ACTIVITY OF AN EXPERT IN ENSURING REASONABLE TIME IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS
Authors: Bortun Mykola
Published: October 2023

The article is assigned to the procedural significance of the expert’s activity, under the hour of the examination in criminal proceedings for the most reasonable lines. The peculiarities of the status of an expert in criminal prosecution, and its role in the activities of parties in criminal prosecution are the main tasks of criminal prosecution. The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that, in accordance with part 1 of article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights, everyone has the right to a fair and public hearing of his case within a reasonable time by an independent and impartial court established by law, which will resolve the dispute regarding his rights and obligations of a civil nature or establish the merits of any criminal charge brought against him. The general requirements of justice contained in Article 6 apply to all criminal proceedings regardless of the type of offence being considered.
Injecting the effectiveness of the activities of the expert visas on the development of reasonable lines in the criminal investigation. The search for innovative sources to improve the quality of this work, and the use of the achievements of science and technology, should go hand in hand with the introduction of new methods of conducting expert research within the framework of criminal proceedings, which would affect the provision of procedural terms, the effectiveness of investigative (search) actions and would exclude delays and abuse by right.
LEGAL REGULATION OF FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Sivchuk Iryna
Published: October 2023

At the current stage of development and construction of a legal state, as well as with a change in the paradigm of state administration, forensic examination occupies an important place in the judiciary. However, today there are some gaps and shortcomings inherent in the regulatory legal regulation of forensic expert activity, the presence of which does not contribute to fully guaranteeing the independence of forensic experts and their full performance of their activities. Therefore, the question arises regarding the detailed consideration of the content of the legal framework that regulates the forensic expert activity and ensures the functioning of the human rights system of the government in the state.
The article also highlights problematic issues related to regulatory and legal regulation and the conduct of forensic examinations in Ukraine. A review of the scientific opinions and statements of leading scientists and scientists regarding this situation was carried out. Current articles of the criminal procedural legislation concerning the Institute of Forensic Expertise have been analyzed. Changes in regulatory documents regulating forensic expert activity in Ukraine were studied (special attention was paid to changes in the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine).
It has been established which directions are included in the normative and legal regulation of the institute of forensic examination in the state.
The role of forensic expertise in the judiciary is emphasized and the opinions of scientists regarding the improvement of the apparatus of legal regulation of forensic expertise in Ukraine are analyzed.
INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR THE PREVENTION, DISCLOSURE AND INVESTIGATION OF CORRUPTION OFFENSES
Authors: Tomyn Serhii , Lyshak Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

The article deals with the features of implementation of informational and analytical support for the activities of law enforcement agencies in the prevention, discovery and investigation of corruption offenders. According to the author, such provision includes two relatively independent components: informational and analytical. The information provides for the collection, processing, accumulation and systematization of information about corruption offences and the persons who committed them. Analytical one is the determination of the state, structure and dynamics of corruption crime, negative deviations in its structure, the establishment of cause-and-effect relationships between various factors that determine it, as well as forecasting trends in its changes.
The most effective means of informational and analytical activity for the prevention, detection and investigation of corruption offenders is the method of analytical intelligence and analytical search, focused on constant and continuous search, accumulation and processing of information about corrupt activities in a certain territory, in the economy or in the state as a whole.
The division of analytical intelligence into types based on the range of tasks to be solved has theoretical and practical significance.
Analytical intelligence for the purpose of solving operational problems allows one to establish the trends of corruption crime, find out the places and areas of concentration of corruption crimes, and determine the profile of the corruptor.
Analytical intelligence with the aim of solving tactical problems pursues the goal of developing tactical measures to apprehend criminals, identify risks and warn specific corruption offenders.
Strategic analytical intelligence involves the preparation of strategic management decisions and the identification of corruption-related risks. Considering the high latency of corruption offenders and the lack of necessary access to closed, confidential information by individual law enforcement agencies, the use of OSINT to search for hidden assets and connections of subjects of corruption offenders on the basis of open sources of information and data is an effective method of analytical intelligence in order to solve the problems of combating corruption offences. including on the Internet.
Among the other directions of the analytical search, it is necessary to note the report on the state of anti-corruption, information from the unified state register of persons who have committed corruption or corruption-related offences, and the results of published relevant journalistic and public investigations.
DEVELOPMENT AND CURRENT STATE OF THE STUDY PROBLEMS OF SIGNATURES AND SHORT HANDWRITTEN NOTES MADE USING TECHNICAL METHODS AND MEANS
Authors: Krasiuk Ihor , Lysenko Volodymyr
Published: October 2023

A retrospective analysis of the state of the study of the problems of studying signatures and short handwritten notes showed that the question of the possibility of a forensic study of such handwriting objects, performed using technical techniques and means, does not lose relevance today and requires the development and application of appropriate techniques and methods.
The main directions and provisions that contribute to the improvement of the study of signatures and short handwritten notes are determined. In particular, it was concluded that while maintaining the traditional scientific, theoretical and methodological base, characteristic for the study of all handwriting records, the following is relevant when conducting an examination of small handwriting objects: organization of obtaining additional orienting information on the use of technologies when forging signatures and short handwritten notes; systematization of factors affecting the quality of manifestation of individual signs of writing; development of new recommendations on the methods of such research.
It is noted that this type of expert research, taking into account its relevance, requires an integrated approach and a thorough analysis of the theoretical foundations related to the definition of the relevant object, goals and objectives, as well as the development of new recommendations on methods for studying small-volume handwriting, performed using technical methods and means. Each such examination, appointed as handwriting, requires the expert to have knowledge not only in the field of forensic handwriting but also in the field of technical and forensic examination of documents since only an integrated approach to solving the issues raised can ensure the completeness of expert studies and the successful solution of expert tasks.
DETECTION OF TRACES OF THE USE OF SOFTWARE SUCH AS «STEALER» IN THE MEMORY OF THE STORAGE DEVICE
Authors: Starenkyi Ivan , Donchenko Oleksandra
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this work is to use an experimentally way to determine the characteristic features of the use of the software «Mars Stealer», which is positioned as a software product of the «Stealer» type, which is contained in the memory among the available and deleted data of the information storage device.
The following conclusions can be drawn on the basis of the conducted experiment:

Autopsy» software is a good tool for trying to reproduce and trace the events and processes that took place on the storage device;
By studying the events and processes in the memory of the information storage, it was possible to establish the sequence of actions of the expert to detect the executable file(s) of third-party software that may be malicious;
In the case when the research of the detected executable build file is not carried out immediately after receiving the research objects, but after a certain time, for example, within 90 calendar days, there is a high probability of «losing» communication with the C2 server, which the build – file calls. But, in order to establish the IP address to which the file-initiator try to connect on the affected computer, it is recommended to repeatedly run the build-file (this may increase the chances of detecting the IP address of the C2 server) while simultaneously monitoring the Internet traffic, which will go through a virtual machine;
The executing file-initiator on the affected PC by the «Mars Stealer» software, even if there is an error in its work, will be «forced» to save the information collected on the affected PC in the root directory of the location of the Build file itself;
Based on the results of the work carried out, it is possible to establish the characteristic features of the use of the «Mars Stealer» software, which is positioned as a «stealer» type of software, which include logging the number of launches of the executing Build-file, and interaction with the folders of WEB browsers installed in the memory storage of information, as well as interaction with a large number of libraries.
The obtained results of the experiment given in this paper can be used when conducting examinations in the expert speciality 10.9 «Research of computer equipment and software products», in the study of information storage devices, among the available and deleted data of which information about samples of executable files of the «Mars Stealer» software, which is confirmed by the evidence collected during the examination.
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF EXPERT RESEARCH ON FIRES
IN DRY HEAT SAUNAS
Authors: Borys Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

The article deals with issues aimed at updating and clarifying the methodological foundations for conducting expert research carried out during a forensic firetechnical examination of fires in dry heat saunas, based on the practical experience of forensic experts.
The processes and mechanisms of combustion and development of fires, as well as their dependence on volumetric design and technological solutions of the object of study – dry heat saunas are considered. The staging of the occurrence and development of fires is determined, which is justified by the processes of combustion in a closed volume with limited gas exchange (pyrolysis) and free gas exchange of a fire (kinetic and diffuse combustion).
The features of the application of general methods of research to establish the source of fire during fire-technical examinations are substantiated in order to ensure the reliability of the expert opinion. It has been established that the generally accepted methods for establishing the source of a fire during fire-technical examinations, in some cases, do not meet the practical aspects of researching fires in dry heat saunas and should take into account the peculiarities of the spread of fire hazards in saunas, which is due to special architectural and construction solutions.
It is noted that consideration of the mechanism of occurrence and development of a fire in the premises of dry heat saunas is a clarifying tool for generally accepted methods for establishing a fire source during fire-technical examinations. At the same time, the correctness of determining focal signs at this stage of the expert study should be carried out taking into account the mechanism of fire development, depending on the volumetric and structural solutions of the research object (sauna rooms), which will ensure high objectivity and reliability of the expert opinion.
Based on the generalization of the results of existing theoretical approaches and practical developments, the general methods for determining the source of a fire during fire-technical examinations of fire research in dry heat saunas are clarified.
Accordingly, the establishment of a fire source during fire-technical examinations in dry heat saunas using general methods for assessing the degree of damage to finishing materials and building structures should take into account the influence of volumetric design solutions of the object of study on the process and mechanism of ignition and spread of fire burning.
The necessity of using refined methods of expert research to establish the source of fire during fire-technical examinations of dry heat saunas to ensure the proper level of objectivity and reliability of expert opinions is proved.
FEATURES OF THE CALCULATION AND STUDY BY EXPERT ECONOMISTS OF DEBT UNDER LOAN AGREEMENTS THAT AROSE DURING A SPECIAL PERIOD AND THE PERIOD OF MARTIAL LAW IN UKRAINE
Authors: Okunevych Iryna
Published: October 2023

The article examines the legislative aspects, in accordance with which the circumstances are determined under which it is impossible to fulfil obligations under loan agreements (agreements) and the circumstances under which it is possible to exempt from the performance of certain obligations under loan agreements in a special period (introduced on March 18, 2014) and the period of martial law in Ukraine (introduced on February 24, 2022) for the following categories of borrowers: legal entities, military personnel, ATO/JFO participants. In connection with the fullscale invasion of the russian federation on the territory of Ukraine, many borrowers (both legal entities and individuals) lost their outpost property, and assets, income decreased, many borrowers take part in hostilities, etc., which in turn affected the ability to repay their obligations under loan agreements. The study found that there are separate special approaches for the implementation of different contracts. In particular, regarding the fulfilment of loan, mortgage, and loan agreements, the only requirement for releasing a person from liability for the inability to fulfil his obligations under the agreement is the introduction of martial law. But at the same time, in order to exempt military personnel and participants in the ATO/JFO from the accrual of penalties for failure to fulfil their obligations and interest on using a loan, it is necessary to notify the bank (or other financial institution in which the loan was issued) in writing about military service and provide supporting documents. In relation to legal entities, the legislator requires to prove the fact that it is impossible to fulfil the contract due to the onset of force majeure circumstances, the occurrence of which is confirmed by the Ukrainian Chamber of Commerce and Industry in a legislative manner.
Qualidade de vida em idosos com deficiência auditiva: revisão de literatura
Authors: Giandotti Gomar Luciana , Betes Heupa Adriana , Lüders Debora , Destro Fidêncio Vanessa Luisa
Published: October 2023

Introdução. A perda auditiva é uma deficiência sensorial comum em idosos e está associada a pior função cognitiva, sintomas depressivos e isolamento social, o que pode prejudicar significativamente a qualidade de vida (QV). Objetivo. Avaliar a QV de idosos brasileiros com perda auditiva. Método. Realizou-se busca nas bases de dados PubMed e LILACS, e na ferramenta de buscas Google Acadêmico, por meio do cruzamento de descritores selecionados no DeCS e MeSH. Resultados. Após a seleção, 11 estudos foram incluídos nesta revisão. Os estudos avaliaram 425 indivíduos e o questionário mais utilizado para avaliar a QV foi o Medical Outcomex Study 36 – Item Short Form Health Survey (SF 36), seguido do World Health Organization Quality of Life – Bref (WHOQOL- versão breve). Houve diferença significante nos domínios avaliados, com melhor QV após adaptação do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI). O uso do dispositivo superior a oito horas diárias favoreceu a QV nessa população. Não foi observada associação entre o incômodo com o zumbido e a QV. A participação em grupos de apoio conduzidos por fonoaudiólogos também pode favorecer a QV em idosos com perda auditiva. Conclusão. O uso do AASI implica em melhores escores nos diferentes domínios englobados nos instrumentos de avaliação de QV, principalmente com relação à saúde mental, aspectos físicos e sociais.
O exercício físico nas alterações neurológicas decorrentes do diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Authors: Gomes Neto Drielly Lays Gomes Neto , Rodrigues Maria Fernanda Marinho , Azevedo Rafael David Souto de
Published: October 2023

Objetivo. Demonstrar a importância do exercício e a intervenção fisioterapêutica em pacientes portadores de diabetes como preventivo às repercussões futuras e promotor de uma melhor qualidade de vida. Método. Revisão sistemática com base em ensaios clínicos randomizados dos últimos 10 anos encontrados nas bases de dados: PUBMED, SCIELO e LILACS, por meio de palavras-chaves descritas no DeCs: Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2, Exercício físico, Fisioterapia, Neuropatias Diabéticas e prevenção. A estratégia adotada foi repetida em todas as bases de dados, nos três idiomas: português, inglês e espanhol. Posteriormente os estudos foram avaliados e classificados por meio da escala de Jadad. Resultados. Foram identificados um total de 5.218 estudos, que a princípio constavam com os critérios de inclusão e filtros de pesquisa utilizados. Destes, apenas 66 estudos realmente se relacionavam com o escopo da presente revisão e foram classificados em uma segunda análise. Subsequentemente os trabalhos passaram pela avaliação classificatória onde, apenas 15 estudos foram inclusos e analisados na integra. Todos os estudos inclusos abordavam o manejo da doença com diferentes modalidades, frequência e intensidade de exercício. Conclusão. O exercício pode trazer resultados positivos sobre as estruturas musculoesqueléticas e biomecânicas dos pacientes com neuropatia diabética, evidenciado pelos resultados funcionais identificados, no entanto, se faz necessário novos estudos, com populações e durações maiores a fim de destacar o benefício do exercício sobre a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos e mediante a progressão desta doença.
A Comparasion of Scientific Literacy Levels of Gifted and Nongifted Students
Authors: ATEŞGÖZ N Nazlı , BAL SEZEREL Bilge
Published: October 2023

The number of studies related to scientific literacy has increased dramatically. The widespread adoption of information and technology has made such studies necessary on a global scale. In the 21st century, the most crucial area where competition takes place among countries is considered to be information and technology. It is essential to observe the reflections of digital transformation and innovation in using and disseminating knowledge and technology for students and to take steps in educational fields accordingly. In this study, the levels of scientific literacy (SL) of gifted and nongifted students were compared. The participants of the study consisted of 98 gifted students attending the Education Program of Talented Students (EPTS) and 137 nongifted students attending the EPTS’ project middle school. The Test of Basic Scientific Literacy (TBSL) was used to determine the students' levels of scientific literacy. The test consists of sub-dimensions of the nature of science (NS) and the science-technology-society relationship (STS). The findings of the research showed that the mean scores of both groups in SL, NS, and STS were at a moderate level. To examine whether there were differences in SL, NS, and STS levels between gifted and nongifted students, independent samples t-tests were conducted. The analysis revealed that gifted students had significantly higher scores in SL, NS, and STS compared to nongifted students (p
Öğretmenler Arası Sosyal Mesafenin Nedenleri ve Okul İklimine Yansımaları
Authors: KAZAK Ender , BERGUT Murat
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmada, sosyal mesafe ve okul iklimi olguları ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenler arası sosyal mesafenin nedenlerini ve sosyal mesafenin okul iklimine yansımalarını belirleyerek, sosyal mesafenin azaltılmasına katkı sağlayacak öneriler geliştirmektir. Araştırma, 2021-2022 öğretim yılında Düzce ili merkez ve ilçelerinde bulunan okullarda görev yapan yedi öğretmen ve beş okul yöneticisi ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan olgubilim deseni şeklinde tasarlanmıştır. Katılımcılar, amaçlı örneklem yöntemlerinden ölçüt örneklem yöntemi ile seçilmiştir. Araştırma verileri, araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, öğretmenler arası sosyal mesafenin; öğretmenlerin kendisinden, okul idaresinden, öğretmen sayısının fazlalığından ve sözleşmeli, ücretli, kadrolu gibi ayrımlardan kaynaklı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Okul büyüklüğünün, öğretmenler arasındaki sosyal mesafe üzerinde etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, COVID-19 salgınının da öğretmenler arasındaki sosyal mesafeyi olumsuz etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Öğretmenler arası sosyal mesafenin; okulda huzursuz bir ortam oluşmasına, eğitimin kalitesinin düşmesine, öğretmenlerde motivasyon kaybına, öğretmenler arasında iletişimsizliğe, çatışmaların yaşanmasına, önyargılı davranışların oluşmasına, gruplaşmaların oluşmasına, güven ortamının kaybolmasına neden olarak okul iklimine olumsuz yansımalarının olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ulaşılan sonuçlardan yola çıkarak öğretmenlere ilişkilerinde daha profesyonel ve hoşgörülü davranmaları, okulda yapılan etkinliklere katılarak daha sosyal bir tutum sergilemeleri önerilirken; okul yöneticilerine ise öğretmenler arasında ayrımcılık yapmadan adaletli bir tutum sergilemeleri, sosyal etkinlikler düzenlenerek öğretmenler arası birleştirici bir yaklaşım içinde olmaları önerilmiştir.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Akademik, Sosyo-Kültürel ve Ekonomik Sorunları: Fotoses Uygulaması
Authors: KORUCUK Murat
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışma ile üniversite öğrencilerinin karşılaştıkları akademik, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik sorunların belirlenerek çözümler geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada nitel desenlerden eylem araştırması fotoses odaklı yürütülmüştür. Katılımcılar 12 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda; öğrencilerin sahip oldukları akademik, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik sorunlar beş tema ve 27 kod altında toplanmıştır. Tema ve kodlar bir bütün olarak değerlendirildiğinde; öğrencilerin akademik, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik açıdan birçok sorunla (hedef, içerik, öğretim süreçleri, ölçme-değerlendirme ve sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik koşullar temalarında) karşı karşıya kaldığı görülmüştür. Bu sorunların çözümü için akademik personel ile idari personele hizmet içi eğitimler sunulması, gerekli eğitim yatırımlarının yapılması ve öğrenci gelirlerinin desteklenmesi gibi öneriler geliştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları ve öneriler karar alıcılarla paylaşılarak öğrencilerin karşılaştıkları akademik, sosyo-kültürel ve ekonomik sorunların ortadan kaldırılması/en aza indirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Examination of French Secondary School History-Geography Teaching Programmes
Authors: AYDIN Mehmet , KARA İlyas , TOKMAK Ahmet
Published: October 2023

French and Turkish societies have been in intense interaction in every field since the Ottoman Empire period. For this reason, it is important for the future of both countries that the republics of Turkey and France follow and interact with each other in the field of education as in every field. Because France has had important effects on the shaping of the Turkish education system. In this context, the developments in the field of education in France should be closely followed. In addition, the developments in France after the French Revolution of 1789 have influenced all societies on issues such as human rights and democracy and helped the concept of citizen to have its current meaning. For this reason, it is important to examine the current situation of disciplines such as Social Studies, which are directly related to human and social life, in France. However, when the relevant national literature was analyzed, it was found that there are very few studies on this subject. This situation was seen as an important gap in the national literature and it was thought that a study on the History-Geography course, which is taught in France as an equivalent of the Social Studies course, would make an important contribution to the literature. With this in mind, it was aimed to examine the History-Geography Course Curriculum being implemented in secondary schools in France. The research is a qualitative study and document analysis method was used. Descriptive analysis method was preferred in analyzing the data. As a result of the research, it was seen that the curriculum being taught in secondary schools in France consists of three parts as skills, content, learning and teaching process, the content is arranged in the form of themes and subjects, themes and subjects are arranged separately according to grade levels, and there are no target achievements in the curriculum. It has been concluded that the themes and topics related to history in the curriculum are mostly oriented towards France and European societies, considering the multicultural and cosmopolitan structure of France, the curriculum is not multicultural enough for the minority groups in France, and the geography topics are created with a more universal perspective for different regions of the world compared to history topics. In addition, it has been determined that there is no section on evaluation in the curriculum, but it is recommended to use process-oriented evaluations based on performance as well as exams in the learning-teaching process.
Digitale Aufgabenorientierung in der Lehrerausbildung im Fach Deutsch als Fremdsprache
Authors: HEPPINAR Gülay
Published: October 2023

Die Verwendung digitaler Medien eröffnet Lehrkräften vielfältige Möglichkeiten, um den Unterricht auf neue Weise zu gestalten. Allerdings bleibt die Frage, wie digitale Medien effektiv in den Unterricht integriert werden können, immer noch offen. Der aufgabenorientierte Fremdsprachenunterricht ermöglicht eine effektive Integration digitaler Medien in den Unterricht durch einen strukturierten methodischen Ansatz. Dieser Beitrag zielt darauf ab, ein Unterrichtskonzept vorzustellen, das aufzeigt, wie angehende Lehrpersonen digitale Aufgaben in ihren Unterricht einbauen können. Darüber hinaus geht es darum, die Auswirkungen dieses Unterrichtskonzepts zu überprüfen. Die Studie stützt sich auf eine Aktionsforschung, die quantitativ angelegt ist, bei der die Daten nach dem Eingruppen Prä-Posttest-Design erhoben werden. Die Stichprobe besteht aus 44 Studierenden, die im Sommersemester 2022-2023 in der Abteilung für Deutsche Sprache und ihre Didaktik der Marmara-Universität in Istanbul eingeschrieben sind. Für die Datenerhebung wird eine Einstellungsskala zur „Einwicklung der Kompetenz zum Einsatz von digitalen Medien im DaF-Unterricht“ eingesetzt. Die Daten werden mittels Häufigkeitsanalyse und T-Test ausgewertet. Aus den Befunden geht hervor, dass das eingesetzte Unterrichtskonzept signifikante Effekte bei der technischen Kompetenz, Kompetenz der Unterrichtsplanung sowie Kompetenz zum Erstellen von Übungen und Aufgaben mit digitalen Medien zeigen. Die Untersuchungsergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die Studierenden ihre Fähigkeiten im Umgang mit digitalen Medien am stärksten verbessern konnten. An der zweiten Stelle platziert sich die Entwicklung der Kompetenz, einen Unterricht mit digitalen Medien zu planen. Die geringste Entwicklung wurde hingegen bei der Kompetenz festgestellt, Übungen und Aufgaben zu erstellen.
We’ve All Traveled, We’ve All Learnt: Virtual Field Trips in Early Childhood Education
Authors: ALAN Ümran
Published: October 2023

Field trips, which are a fundamental element of early childhood education, are activities that provide rich learning experiences for children. However, while planning these activities, factors such as security, permission processes, costs, and the attitudes of families bother early childhood teachers. In addition, it becomes impossible to conduct field trips during periods when mobility is restricted, such as the pandemic. Virtual field trips are considered a solution to eliminate these obstacles that limit traditional field trips. However, there is a significant gap in the literature regarding the implementation of virtual field trips in early childhood education. Based on these two points, this study aims to examine the experiences of kindergarten children and their parents regarding virtual field trips. The study, which was designed as an interpretive qualitative study, included 7 children attending kindergarten within the body of a primary school and their parents. Within the scope of the research, 5 virtual field trips were organized to different destinations, and the experiences of children and their parents were examined. As a result of this analysis, the outcomes of virtual field trips for children and families, factors that increase their effectiveness, and advantages and disadvantages of virtual field trips were revealed.