bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sleep architecture is associated with core symptom severity in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Kawai Makoto , Buck Casey , Chick Christina F , Anker Lauren , Talbot Lisa , Schneider Logan , Linkovski Omer , Cotto Isabelle , Parker-Fong Kai , Phillips Jennifer , Hardan Antonio Y , Hallmayer Joachim , O’Hara Ruth
Published: November 2022

Study Objectives

While caregiver-reported sleep disturbances are common in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder ([‘), few studies have measured objective sleep in ASD compared to controls, and their findings are mixed. We investigated (1) differences in sleep architecture, specifically slow-wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, between ASD and typically developing controls (TD); and (2) if any observed differences in sleep were associated with core ASD symptoms.

Methods

We used ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) in 53 participants with ASD (ages 4–18) and 66 age-matched TD in their home sleeping environment. The primary outcome measures were SWS and REM sleep. Core behavioral ASD symptoms were assessed using the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Spectral power bands during sleep, and additional behavioral measures, were examined in exploratory analyses.

Results

Compared to TD, participants with ASD exhibited a higher SWS ratio and lower REM sleep ratio. Within the ASD group, higher SWS was associated with more severe symptoms on the Restricted, Repetitive, and Stereotyped Behaviors subscale of the ADI-R. No association was observed between REM sleep ratio and any ASD symptom.

Conclusions

Increased SWS and reduced REM sleep ratio differentiated ASD from TD. However, only increased SWS was associated with more severe core ASD symptoms. Increased SWS may reflect neuronal immaturity specific to ASD in this age group. These findings may inform the underlying mechanisms of clinical symptoms observed in children and adolescents with ASD.
Sex-Linked Biology and Gender-Related Research Is Essential to Advancing Hearing Health
Authors: Reavis Kelly M. , Bisgaard Nikolai , Canlon Barbara , Dubno Judy R. , Frisina Robert D. , Hertzano Ronna , Humes Larry E. , Mick Paul , Phillips Natalie A. , Pichora-Fuller M. Kathleen , Shuster Benjamin , Singh Gurjit
Published: November 2022

There is robust evidence that sex (biological) and gender (behavioral/social) differences influence hearing loss risk and outcomes. These differences are noted for animals and humans—in the occurrence of hearing loss, hearing loss progression, and response to interventions. Nevertheless, many studies have not reported or disaggregated data by sex or gender. This article describes the influence of sex-linked biology (specifically sex-linked hormones) and gender on hearing and hearing interventions, including the role of sex-linked biology and gender in modifying the association between risk factors and hearing loss, and the effects of hearing loss on quality of life and functioning. Most prevalence studies indicate that hearing loss begins earlier and is more common and severe among men than women. Intrinsic sex-linked biological differences in the auditory system may account, in part, for the predominance of hearing loss in males. Sex- and gender-related differences in the effects of noise exposure or cardiovascular disease on the auditory system may help explain some of these differences in the prevalence of hearing loss. Further still, differences in hearing aid use and uptake, and the effects of hearing loss on health may also vary by sex and gender. Recognizing that sex-linked biology and gender are key determinants of hearing health, the present review concludes by emphasizing the importance of a well-developed research platform that proactively measures and assesses sex- and gender-related differences in hearing, including in understudied populations. Such research focus is necessary to advance the field of hearing science and benefit all members of society.
Host Gene Expression to Predict Sepsis Progression*
Authors: Fiorino Cassandra , Liu Yiling , Henao Ricardo , Ko Emily R. , Burke Thomas W. , Ginsburg Geoffrey S. , McClain Micah T. , Woods Christopher W. , Tsalik Ephraim L.
Published: November 2022

OBJECTIVES:

Sepsis causes significant mortality. However, most patients who die of sepsis do not present with severe infection, hampering efforts to deliver early, aggressive therapy. It is also known that the host gene expression response to infection precedes clinical illness. This study seeks to develop transcriptomic models to predict progression to sepsis or shock within 72 hours of hospitalization and to validate previously identified transcriptomic signatures in the prediction of 28-day mortality.

DESIGN:

Retrospective differential gene expression analysis and predictive modeling using RNA sequencing data.

PATIENTS:

Two hundred seventy-seven patients enrolled at four large academic medical centers; all with clinically adjudicated infection were considered for inclusion in this study.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:

Sepsis progression was defined as an increase in Sepsis 3 category within 72 hours. Transcriptomic data were generated using RNAseq of whole blood. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator modeling was used to identify predictive signatures for various measures of disease progression. Four previously identified gene signatures were tested for their ability to predict 28-day mortality. There were no significant differentially expressed genes in 136 subjects with worsened Sepsis 3 category compared with 141 nonprogressor controls. There were 1,178 differentially expressed genes identified when sepsis progression was defined as ICU admission or 28-day mortality. A model based on these genes predicted progression with an area under the curve of 0.71. Validation of previously identified gene signatures to predict sepsis mortality revealed area under the receiver operating characteristic values of 0.70–0.75 and no significant difference between signatures.

CONCLUSIONS:

Host gene expression was unable to predict sepsis progression when defined by an increase in Sepsis-3 category, suggesting this definition is not a useful framework for transcriptomic prediction methods. However, there was a differential response when progression was defined as ICU admission or death. Validation of previously described signatures predicted 28-day mortality with insufficient accuracy to offer meaningful clinical utility.
MYC-Nonamplified Secondary Lymphatic-Type Angiosarcoma With Prominent Lymphocytic Infiltrate Following Radiation Therapy for Myxoid Liposarcoma
Authors: Krajisnik Andrea , Balzer Bonnie L. , Vail Eric , Brien Earl , Shon Wonwoo
Published: November 2022

Cutaneous angiosarcomas (AS) are uncommon and morphologically heterogeneous. Recently, a distinctive lymphatic-type AS with prominent lymphocytic infiltrate has been observed. Although conventional AS typically bear poor prognosis, lymphatic-type AS with prominent lymphocytic infiltrate and pseudolymphomatous AS show prolonged survival with rare extracutaneous spread. We describe a unique case of AS in a 55-year-old woman who received surgical resection and radiation therapy for her prior myxoid liposarcoma. She developed a suspected recurrence 15 years later. Microscopically, the lesion showed an infiltration of the reticular dermis by irregular interanastamosing vascular spaces lined by atypical endothelial cells with nuclear “hobnailing” and hyperchromasia. A prominent intratumoral and peritumoral lymphocytic infiltrate obscuring the tumor cells was also present. The tumor cells were diffusely positive for endothelial cell markers, including D2-40. Notably, there was no evidence of MYC gene amplification by FISH. Additional NGS-based molecular analysis demonstrated no significant genetic mutations. The patient is alive with a history of two local recurrences, but no evidence of metastasis. We present this case to raise awareness of MYC-nonamplified secondary lymphatic-type AS with prominent lymphocytic infiltrate (pseudolymphomatous AS) and to discuss its differential diagnosis.
Cutaneous Oxalosis Due to Primary Hyperoxaluria
Authors: Ly Sophia , Rick Jonathan , Goff Rachel , David Bre Ana , Kincannon Jay , Shalin Sara
Published: November 2022

A 19-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with a progressively painful purpuric lesion on the left dorsal foot, which had initially appeared 2 days prior. Three months earlier, she had been diagnosed with end-stage renal disease. Her medical history also included recurrent urolithiasis for the past 5 years and liver failure. Biopsy revealed oxalate crystals occluding vessels with secondary epidermal and dermal ischemia. Oxalate crystals were also visualized in the vessel walls and free in the subcutis. Genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria type 1. She was treated with sodium thiosulfate, apixaban, pentoxifylline, wound care, and palliative care. At 4-month follow-up, the cutaneous manifestations of oxalosis were confined to only her feet, and she was undergoing evaluation for combined liver and kidney transplant. Cutaneous oxalosis because of primary hyperoxaluria should be considered in young patients presenting with purpuric lesions, recurrent urolithiasis, and early-onset renal failure.
PERson-centredness in Hypertension management using Information Technology: a randomized controlled trial in primary care
Authors: Andersson Ulrika , Nilsson Peter M. , Kjellgren Karin , Hoffmann Mikael , Wennersten André , Midlöv Patrik
Published: November 2022

Objectives:

To increase the proportion of individuals with hypertension obtaining a blood pressure (BP) of less than 140/90 mmHg by improving the management of hypertension in daily life from a person-centred perspective.

Methods:

In this unblinded randomized controlled trial, we tested an interactive web-based self-management system for hypertension. A total of 949 patients with hypertension from 31 primary healthcare centres (PHCCs) in Sweden were randomized 1 : 1 to either the intervention or usual care group. The intervention included daily measurement – via the participant's mobile phone – of BP and pulse and reports of well being, symptoms, lifestyle, medication intake and side effects for eight consecutive weeks. It also included reminders and optional motivational messages. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants obtaining BP of less than 140/90 mmHg at 8 weeks and 12 months. Significance was tested by Pearson's chi2-test.

Results:

A total of 862 patients completed the trial, 442 in the intervention group and 420 in the control group. The primary outcome (BP <140/90 mmHg) at 8 weeks was achieved by 48.8% in the intervention group and 39.9% in the control group (P = 0.006). At 12 months, 47.1% (intervention) and 41.0% (control group) had a BP less than 140/90 mmHg (P = 0.071).

Conclusion:

The proportion of participants with a controlled BP of less than 140/90 mmHg increased after using the interactive system for self-management of hypertension for 8 weeks compared with usual care. Although the trend continued, there was no significant difference after 12 months. The results indicate that the effect of the intervention is significant, but the long-term effect is uncertain.

Trial registration:

The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03554382).
COMPARISON OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY FORMS OF MULTIPLE EVANESCENT WHITE DOT SYNDROME
Authors: Serrar Yasmine , Cahuzac Armelle , Gascon Pierre , Langlois-Jacques Carole , MAUGET-FAŸSSE Martine , Wolff Benjamin , Sève Pascal , Kodjikian Laurent , Mathis Thibaud
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

The aim of this study was to compare primary versus secondary forms of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) at T0 (baseline) and T1 (1–4 months after the onset of symptoms).

Methods:

A total of 101 eyes in 100 patients were included in a multicentric retrospective study.

Results:

Secondary MEWDS was defined as MEWDS associated with underlying chorioretinal inflammatory pathologies, mainly multifocal choroiditis and punctuate inner choroidopathy. Patients with secondary MEWDS were older (P = 0.011). The proportion of women (P = 0.8), spherical equivalent (P = 0.3), and best-corrected visual acuity at T0 (P = 0.2) were not significantly different between the two groups. The area of MEWDS lesions on late-phase indocyanine green angiography was significantly smaller in secondary MEWDS (P = 0.001) and less symmetrical with respect to both horizontal (P = 0.003) and vertical (P = 0.004) axis. At T0, neither the clinical (P = 0.5) nor the multimodal imaging (P = 0.2) inflammation scores were significantly different between the groups. At T1, the multimodal imaging inflammation score was higher in secondary MEWDS (P = 0.021).

Conclusion:

In secondary MEWDS, outer retinal lesions are less extensive and located close to preexisting chorioretinal lesions. Mild signs of intraocular inflammation on multimodal imaging are more frequent in secondary MEWDS during recovery. These findings suggest that chorioretinal inflammation may trigger secondary MEWDS.
INTRAOPERATIVE OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FOR REAL-TIME VISUALIZATION OF THE POSITIONAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BUCKLING MATERIAL AND RETINAL BREAKS DURING SCLERAL BUCKLING FOR RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT
Authors: Sotani Yasuyuki , Imai Hisanori , Iwane Yukako , Yokogawa Tomohiro , Yamada Hiroko , Matsumiya Wataru , Miki Akiko , Kusuhara Sentaro , Nakamura Makoto
Published: November 2022

Purpose:

To report the usefulness of a new surgical method using intraoperative optical coherence tomography that can more accurately place the buckling material for scleral buckling using a noncontact wide-angle viewing system with a cannula-based chandelier endoilluminator for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Methods:

The medical records of 12 eyes of 11 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated with scleral buckling combined with real-time intraoperative optical coherence tomography observation were retrospectively reviewed.

Results:

Real-time observations of the positional relationship between the protrusion of buckling material and retinal breaks with intraoperative optical coherence tomography revealed that retinal breaks were not properly placed on the protrusion of the buckling material in five eyes, requiring the intraoperative repositioning of the buckling material. Eventually, the scleral buckling combined with real-time intraoperative optical coherence tomography observation yielded the initial anatomical success rates of 100% without noteworthy intraoperative or postoperative complications.

Conclusion:

This procedure is a novel approach that enables safer and more accurate placement of the buckling material and may contribute to improving the outcomes of scleral buckling in the future.
Working From Home: Experiences of Home-Working, Health Behavior and Well-Being During the 2020 UK COVID-19 Lockdown
Authors: Keightley Samuel , Duncan Myanna , Gardner Benjamin
Published: November 2022

Objective

The Spring 2020 UK COVID-19 lockdown required normally office-based workers to modify their work-related practices to work at home. This study explored workers' experiences of adapting to home working, health behaviors and well-being.

Methods

Twenty-seven home working employees (19 women; aged 23–57 years), from various industry sectors, gave individual semi-structured interviews. Topics focused on home working experiences, routine adaptations, and changes in health behaviors and well-being.

Results

Four themes were extracted: changes to the work interface; adaptations to a new workspace; changes to work-life balance; and adjustments to a new social context. Notably, participants reported greater reliance on computer-based interactions, which they felt discouraged physical activity and increased sitting. Working in a domestic environment reportedly challenged work-home boundaries.

Conclusions

Work practices can incidentally detrimentally impact health-related behaviors and well-being. Organizations should develop policies and procedures to promote health-conducive home working.
Effects on neuromodulation, acupuncture, and aerobic exercises on migraine and tension-type headache outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pi Chenghui , Liu Yinglu , Li Lingling , Tang Wenjing , Yan Xin , Yu Shengyuan
Published: November 2022

Background:

Headache disorders are common diseases that cause a social burden. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of various non-pharmacological treatments to address or prevent acute headaches, including neuromodulation, acupuncture, and aerobic exercises in patients with episodic migraine and tension-type headache (TTH).

Methods:

We performed a systematic search of the electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WANFANG MEDICINE ONLINE, and Chinese Medical Journal database using Stata/SE 14.0 to obtain weighted mean differences (WMDs). The outcomes included monthly headache days, headache intensity, headache duration, days per month of acute medication use, and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey.

Results:

Of 872 identified articles, 27 were included in the meta-analysis. Neuromodulation was associated with reduced headache days (WMD: −1.274, 95% CI [−1.914, −0.634], P < .001), duration (WMD: −2.2, 95% CI [−3.32, −0.107], P < .001) and medication consumption (WMD: −1.808, 95% CI [−2.546, −1.071], P < .001) in cases of migraine. Acupuncture was associated with the alleviation of headache days (WMD: −0.677, 95% CI [−0.932, −0.422], P < .001) and intensity (WMD: −0.893, 95% CI [−1.573, −0.212], P = .01) in cases of migraine and acute medication use (WMD: −3.29, 95% CI [−4.86, −1.72], P < .001) in cases of TTH. Aerobic exercise was associated with reduced headache duration (WMD: −5.1, 95% CI [−8.97, −1.22], P = .01) in cases of TTH. The risk of bias for included articles was moderate.

Conclusions:

There is low- and moderate-quality evidence that neuromodulation, acupuncture, and aerobic exercises are associated with attenuated headache symptoms in patients with episodic migraine or TTH. However, high-quality studies are needed to draw more detailed conclusions.
Potential impact of WTAP and YTHDF2 on tumor immunity in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xinyu , Cai Xinsheng
Published: November 2022

WTAP and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader proteins (YTHDF2) are N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase and m6A reading proteins, respectively. In recent years, the tumor immune environment has received more and more attention in the progress and treatment of cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methyltransferase (WTAP)/YTHDF2 and the immunological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Based on the expression of WTAP and YTHDF2 in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) database, LUAD patients were divided into 2 clusters by coherently clustering method, and performed gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to identify the functional differences. Immunoinvasion analysis was performed using ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT, and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA), and expression of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targets was assessed, while tumor mutation burden (TMB) was calculated in tumor samples. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify the genes related to both WTAP/YTHDF2 expression and immunity. The immunological characteristics between the 2 clusters were externally verified based on GSE39582. The expression of WTAP was higher in cluster 1 and YTHDF2 was lower, but it was opposite in cluster 2. Cluster 1 had stronger immune infiltration, more ICIs target expression, more TMB. In addition, WGCNA identified 22 genes associated with WTAP/YTHDF2 expression and immune score, including TIM3 (HAVCR2) and CD86. WTAP and YTHDF2 influence immune contexture and may be novel prognostic and druggable targets associated with the immune system of LUAD.
Received anti-VEGF therapy in a patient with CRAO sparing the CLRA with subretinal fluid: A case report
Authors: Jia Yu-Jie , Liu Hong-Bo , Qin Yuan , Liu Jing-Hui , Jia Fa-Li , Zhang Han , Li Jia-Hao , Li Ying-Jun
Published: November 2022

Rationale:

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) sparing the cilioretinal artery (CLRA) with severe subretinal fluid and non-characteristic cherry-red spot is uncommon. In the present case, the patient received an intravitreal injection of anti- vascular endothelial growth factor, which is very rare.

Patient concerns:

A 59-year-old man underwent vitrectomy of the left eye for diabetic retinopathy and vitreous hemorrhage. Six months after the operation, the patient presented with sudden painless visual-acuity decline in his left eye and was diagnosed with CRAO; his best corrected visual acuity was weak light perception. Whole retinal edema was seen on the fundus, and macular gray retinal opacification was present without a characteristic cherry-red spot. Optical coherence tomography revealed subretinal fluid (SRF) in the papillomacular bundle and inner retinal thickening. Fundus fluorescein angiography confirmed that the central retinal artery was not filled at 40 seconds and that the CLRA supplied a part of the macular area. Eight months after the second intravitreal injection of ranibizumab, Optical coherence tomography showed a significant reduction in inner retinal hyperreflectivity and the thickness of the nasal macular retina. The SRF was clearly absorbed, and the visual acuity improved to 1.1 logMAR units.

Diagnosis:

Atypical CRAO.

Interventions:

The patient was treated with intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF in his left eye. The thickness of the nasal macular retina decreased.

Outcomes:

The SRF was clearly absorbed, and the patient’s visual acuity significantly improved.

Lessons:

When CRAO occurs in patients with diabetic retinopathy sparing the CLRA, the non-characteristic cherry-red spot may be due to macular inner retinal edema, SRF and other factors. According to the patient’s condition, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor can be administered as appropriate to inhibit choroidal neovascularization, reduce SRF in the macular retina, and save some vision.
Homeostatic microbiome disruption as a cause of insulin secretion disorders. Candida albicans, a new factor in pathogenesis of diabetes: A STROBE compliant cross-sectional study
Authors: Nikolic Dragan M. , Dimitrijevic-Sreckovic Vesna , Ranin Lazar T. , Stojanovic Milos M. , Ilic Iva D. , Gostiljac Drasko M. , Soldatovic Ivan A.
Published: November 2022

The study aimed to test the hypothesis that homeostatic microbiome (HM) disorders lead to the increased indirect influence of certain microorganisms (MO) in the gastrointestinal tract, causing a disorder of insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and diabetes. We highlighted Candida and certain types of bacteria since previous in vitro research showed they significantly affect insulin secretion and can cause insulin resistance in obese patients with metabolic syndrome. After determining the type of MO present in the throat swab and the stool, the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) test, and analysis of glucose and insulin secretion were performed in patients (n = 38) who were positive for certain types of MO compared to negative patients. Finally, all patients were divided into two groups: overweight patients (body mass index [BMI] < 30) and obese patients (BMI > 30). These two groups were compared for the percentage of certain types of MO to determine which MO can affect an increase in obesity and BMI. The presence of Diphtheroids in the throat (60.5%) reduces insulin secretion in patients compared with the negative group (194.5: 332.4) and the difference was statistically significant (P = .030). The presence of Candida in the throat (10%) increases insulin secretion, but the difference was statistically insignificant. The presence of Candida in the stool (28.9%) also increases insulin secretion and the difference was statistically significant (P = .038). Cumulative results (throat + stool) were similar (180: 332, P = .022). Analysis of BMI showed that the percentage of Diphtheroids in the throat decreases with increased body weight (53.8: 75%) while the percentage of Candida (38.5: 8.3%) and Enterobacter (61.5: 25%) increases, but these differences were statistically insignificant (P > .05). Diphtheroids in the throat can reduce insulin secretion by synthesizing their metabolites. Candida albicans is a conditional pathogen and as a significant indirect factor induces increased insulin secretion and insulin resistance. There are indications that elevated levels of Candida in the intestinal system can cause increased body weight of patients. C albicans should be considered a new factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Transgender gender-affirming surgery consultation among patients seeking care in the Midwestern United States
Authors: Smith Jesse R. , Pakvasa Mikhail , Oostrom Leonie A. , Gottlieb Lawrence J. , Motley Darnell N. , Hill Brandon J.
Published: November 2022

Gender-affirming surgery (GAS) is among the most rapidly growing and expanding subfields in plastic surgery due to increased awareness, decreased stigma, rising demand, and improved access for transgender and gender non-conforming individuals (TGNC). In order to address potential barriers and facilitators in GAS education and training, there is a need to explore the experiences of TGNC individuals. The purpose of this study was to qualitatively explore the factors that influence TGNC patient experiences in surgical consultation for GAS. Targeted recruitment was used to recruit and enroll participants who identified as TGNC and who had undergone consultation with a surgeon to discuss GAS. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore patient experiences with GAS. Recorded audio from these interviews was later transcribed verbatim. Open coding of these transcripts was then performed independently by 3 individual members of the research team using the consensual qualitative coding methods. Fifteen interviews were conducted (transmale, n = 7; transfemale, n = 4; gender non-conforming/non-binary, n = 4). Participants frequently expressed worry and frustration over insurance coverage and exorbitant out-of-pocket expense, whether actual or perceived. Logistical barriers were the most frequently cited category of barriers. The majority of participants made at least 1 reference to relying on others during the process of insurance pre-authorization. The majority of participants described their interactions with surgeons as positive, indicating that they felt comfortable during consultation and that their surgeons ensured their understanding. Our findings provide important insight into this often stressful and challenging process. Ensuring a welcoming, safe, and gender-affirming environment and experience for these individuals is essential. These findings may help to guide future education for medical students, trainees, clinic staff, and surgeons, as well as to direct changes necessary to improve the patient experience in clinics and hospitals for TGNC individuals undergoing consultation for GAS.
Analysis of the status quo of pelvic floor muscle and the effect of pelvic floor muscle training in second pregnant women
Authors: Zeng Jun Chao , Yang Yu Ying , Shen Yan
Published: November 2022

Objective:

This study aims to investigate the current situation of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) in the second trimester postpartum 42 days by detecting the electrophysiological indexes of PFM on pelvic floor rehabilitation after 2 months.

Methods:

In total, 198 cases of second child puerpera were selected, who were delivered in our hospital between June 1, 2020, and December 10, 2020, and underwent outpatient reexamination 42 days after delivery.

Results:

Except for the rest post-baseline stage values, the pelvic floor surface electromyography evaluation values significantly differed from each other at the considered time points in group A, P < .05; on day 72 in group B, no obvious improvement in the evaluation values was observed as than those on day 42 (P > .05) except for the endurance contractions stage values. However, on day 102, all values were markedly different at each considered time point (P < .05). On day 102 postpartum, the evaluation values of group A in the rest pre-baseline stage, the time before and after peak of phasic (flick) contractions stage, and the endurance contractions stage were significantly improved to those in group B with all P < .05. On day 42 after parturition, each index of the tonic contractions stage was higher after spontaneous labor than that after cesarean; the differences were all significant, P < .05, but on day 102 postpartum, all of the values exhibited no difference between the 2 modes. In only the phasic (flick) contractions stage at 42th, were the values of younger mothers obviously higher, P = .025; the other stage values for different ages of women during different time periods were not statistically significant, P > .05.

Conclusions:

In the short term, the effect of biofeedback plus electrical stimulation on the PFM function in second pregnant women was better than that of the Kegel exercise, but with time, there was no significant difference between the 2 training methods on the recovery of the PFM.
Care actions for newborns and factors associated with longitudinality in the follow-up care in the neonatal period: Care actions for the newborn
Authors: Pinheiro Josilene Maria Ferreira , Costa Ketyllem Tayanne da Silva , Lyra Clelia de Oliveira , dos Santos Flavia Andreia Pereira Soares , Vianna Rodrigo Pinheiro de Toledo , Silva Kenya de Lima , de Andrade Fábia Barbosa
Published: November 2022

As newborns are highly vulnerable, they require essential care for adequate child development. This study aimed to assess the care provided to newborns during the first 28 days of life and identify factors associated with adequate care. This was a longitudinal study conducted with 415 mothers and full-term newborns from 4 public maternity hospitals in Natal, Brazil, in 2019. Assistance, socioeconomic, and demographic data were collected 3 times: 48 hours, 7 days, and 28 days after birth. Pearson’s chi-square and Poisson regression tests were used with a confidence interval of 95%. Most mothers were between 20 and 29 years old (46.5%), had a high school or higher education (65.3%), a partner (79%), an income of ≤ 1 minimum wage (64, 6%), and were multiparous (62.9%). A total of 29 actions performed in maternity hospitals and 11 in primary healthcare were evaluated. Among the first, 8 (27.6%) were satisfactory; 11 (37.9%), partially satisfactory; and 10 (34.5%), unsatisfactory. In primary care, 2 actions (18.2%) were considered satisfactory; 3 (27.3%) partially satisfactory; and 6 (54.5%) unsatisfactory. In the multivariate analysis of the composite indicators related to adequacy of care, women undergoing vaginal delivery, those who are multiparous, and maternity hospitals at usual risk were associated with better adequacy of care indicators (P ≤ .05). Maternity hospitals accredited to the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative had lower chances of the adequacy of promotion to exclusive breastfeeding. The sample loss rate was 13.7% in the first week and 16.6% at the end of the study period. There was inadequacy in the performance of care actions for newborns regarding access and comprehensiveness of care. These weaknesses highlight the need for reassessing skills and coordinating actions in the child’s healthcare network.
Acupotomy in the treatment of tenosynovitis of hand flexor tendons: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Dan , Wang Xiaole , Fang Ting , Chen Ying , Xiang Shanshan , Qi Junnan , Liang Chengning , Ren Changan , Zhao Xiaolan , Qiu Zikai , Liu Fushui , Yan Xiaojun
Published: November 2022

Background:

Acupotomy was used to treat tenosynovitis of hand flexor tendons (THFT) in China. But it’s uncertain about the efficacy of acupotomy for THFT. We plan to evaluate the efficacy and safety about acupotomy therapy in the treatment of THFT through this review.

Methods:

The protocol about this review was registered in PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42022330568). We searched 6 databases from their respective inception dates to January 11, 2022. Studies searched was screened by our reviewers, and then the raw data was filtered out. We used RevMan 5.3 software to perform statistical analysis.

Results:

11 studies involving 828 patients were shortlisted. The experimental group showed obvious advantages compared with the control group, such as effective rate (odds ratio [OR] = 6.77, 95% CI [confidence intervals] = [3.89, 11.77], P < .00001), cure rate (OR = 3.32, 95% CI = [1.81, 6.11], P = .0001) and Vas score (MD = −1.21, 95% CI = [−2.00, −0.42], Z = 3.01, P < .003).

Conclusions:

According to the above results, Acupotomy is an effective and safe treatment for THFT. So it should be recommended for the treatment of THFT patients.
Acute gastrointestinal bleeding: A comparison between variceal and nonvariceal gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Raţiu Iulia , Lupuşoru Raluca , Popescu Alina , Sporea Ioan , Goldiş Adrian , Dănilă Mirela , Miuţescu Bogdan , Moga Tudor , Barbulescu Andreea , Şirli Roxana
Published: November 2022

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is a typical medical emergency, with an incidence of 84 to 160 cases per 100,000 individuals and a mortality rate of approximately 10%. This study aimed to identify all cases of UGIB hospitalized in a tertiary gastroenterology department, to identify possible predictive factors involved in rebleeding and mortality, potential associations between different elements and the severity of bleeding, and the differences between the upper digestive hemorrhage due to nonvariceal and variceal bleeding. This was an observational, retrospective study of patients with UGIB admitted to the tertiary Department of Gastroenterology between January 2013 and December 2020. A total of 1499 patients were enrolled in the study. One thousand four hundred and ninety-nine patients were hospitalized for 7 years with active upper digestive hemorrhage, 504 variceal bleeding, and 995 nonvariceal bleeding. When comparing variceal with nonvariceal bleeding, in nonvariceal bleeding, the mean age was higher, similar sex, higher mortality rate, higher rebleeding rate, and higher hemorrhagic shock rate. Endoscopy treatment was also performed more frequently in variceal bleeding than in nonvariceal bleeding. Severe anemia was found more frequently in patients with variceal bleeding. The mortality rate was 10% in the entire study group, which was not significantly different between the 2 batches. However, the rebleeding rate is higher in patients with variceal gastrointestinal bleeding.
The correlation of leukocyte-specific protein 1 (LSP1) rs3817198(T>C) polymorphism with breast cancer: A meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Jian , Xiao Qiang , Li Xudong , Liu Ruihao , Long Xiaozhou , Liu Zhigao , Xiong Haiwei , Li Yingliang
Published: November 2022

Background:

Multiple studies have investigated the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in leukocyte-specific protein 1 (LSP1) with susceptibility to breast cancer (BC) and have yielded inconsistent conclusions, particularly rs3817198(T > C). Consequently, we performed a meta-analysis to estimate this relationship more comprehensively.

Methods:

Four databases were utilized to locate eligible publications: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. This meta-analysis included 14 studies, including 22 reports of 33194 cases and 36661 controls. The relationship of rs3817198 polymorphism with breast cancer was estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The LSP1 co-expression network was constructed by STRING, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed using DAVIDE. Download TCGA breast cancer mRNA-seq data and analyze the relationship between LSP1 expression and breast cancer chemotherapy sensitivity.

Results:

The results indicated that rs3817198(T > C) was positively correlated to with breast malignancy (dominant model: OR = 1.11, 95%CI = 1.06–1.17; recessive model: OR = 1.10, 95%CI = 1.04–1.15; heterozygous model: OR = 1.09, 95%CI = 1.04–1.15; homozygous model: OR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.09–1.28; additive model: OR = 1.09, 95%CI = 1.05–1.13), among Caucasians and Asians. However, rs3817198(T > C) may reduce the risk of breast carcinoma in Africans. Rs3817198(T > C) might result in breast carcinoma in individuals with BRCA1 and BRCA2 variants and can contribute to estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast carcinoma. The expression of LSP1 was inversely correlated with the IC50 of doxorubicin (P = 8.91e–15, Cor = −0.23), 5-fluorouracil (P = 1.18e–22, Cor = −0.29), and cisplatin (P = 1.35e–42, Cor = −0.40).

Conclusion:

Our study identified that LSP1 rs3817198 polymorphism might result in breast malignancy, particularly among Caucasians and Asians, but lower breast cancer susceptibility in African populations. The expression of LSP1 was negatively correlated with the IC50 of doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin.
Costimulatory and coinhibitory molecules of B7-CD28 family in cardiovascular atherosclerosis: A review
Authors: Yang Mao , Tian Simeng , Lin Zhoujun , Fu Zhenkun , Li Chenggang
Published: November 2022

Accumulating evidence supports the active involvement of vascular inflammation in atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Vascular inflammatory events within atherosclerotic plaques are predominated by innate antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including dendritic cells, macrophages, and adaptive immune cells such as T lymphocytes. The interaction between APCs and T cells is essential for the initiation and progression of vascular inflammation during atherosclerosis formation. B7-CD28 family members that provide either costimulatory or coinhibitory signals to T cells are important mediators of the cross-talk between APCs and T cells. The balance of different functional members of the B7-CD28 family shapes T cell responses during inflammation. Recent studies from both mouse and preclinical models have shown that targeting costimulatory molecules on APCs and T cells may be effective in treating vascular inflammatory diseases, especially atherosclerosis. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding how APC and T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis by focusing on B7-CD28 family members and provide insight into the immunotherapeutic potential of targeting B7-CD28 family members in atherosclerosis.
The efficacy and safety of Rhodiola formulation for the treatment of ischemic heart disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Teng Shengguo , Qian Xu , Zheng Jianghong , Qian Jun
Published: November 2022

Background:

Ischemic heart disease is the main cause of heart failure, which seriously endangers the health of people and puts a huge burden on health care resources all over the world. We propose the current protocol to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Rhodiola on ischemic heart disease, providing a reference for clinical use.

Methods:

Two research members will electronically and independently search 4 English databases (EMBASE, PubMed, National Guideline Clearinghouse, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) and 4 Chinese databases (Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database) from their inception to October 2020. Quality assessment of the included randomized controlled trial was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. All calculations were carried out with Stata 11.0 (The Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, United Kingdom).

Results:

A synthesis of current evidence of Rhodiola formulation for ischemic heart disease will be provided in this protocol.

Conclusion:

This study will provide a theoretical basis for the clinical use of Rhodiola formulation for treating ischemic heart disease.
Spinal cord infarction after withdrawal of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiogenic shock: A case report
Authors: Itagaki Hideya , Suzuki Kohei , Oizumi Tomoya , Nakagawa Keiko , Abe Yoshinobu , Endo Tomoyuki
Published: November 2022

Background:

Spinal cord infarction is a rare central nervous system angiopathy that impairs motor, sensory, and autonomic nerves and occurs due to various reasons. This study reports a case of spinal cord infarction in a patient following myocardial infarction that was managed by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).

Case summary:

A 78-year-old Japanese man visited the emergency department with a complaint of chest tightness. He had a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, chronic renal failure, and postoperative bladder cancer. Myocardial infarction was diagnosed after ST elevation in lead aVR was identified by electrocardiogram during the visit, and cardiopulmonary arrest occurred twice during our examination and treatment. After percutaneous coronary intervention with an intra-aortic balloon pump and VA-ECMO, the patient was admitted to the intensive care unit. His circulation stabilized, and he was withdrawn from the intra-aortic balloon pump on day 3 of illness and from VA-ECMO on day 4. However, his consciousness remained impaired. When the patient’s consciousness improved on day 14, lower limb weakness was identified. Magnetic resonance imaging conducted on the following day revealed spinal cord infarction in the 5th to 12th thoracic vertebrae.

Conclusion:

Spinal cord infarction due to VA-ECMO is extremely rare but has a poor neurological prognosis upon onset. Necessary countermeasures include conducting regular neurological examinations and high blood pressure maintenance, which is very difficult in VA-ECMO patients. Therefore, patient care will benefit from the experiences reported in such cases.
Mid-term study on the effects of arthroscopic discoid lateral meniscus plasty on patellofemoral joint: An observational study
Authors: Zhang Zaihang , She Chang , Li Liubing , Mao Yongtao , Jin Zhigao , Fan Zhiying , Dong Qirong , Zhou Haibin , Xu Wei
Published: November 2022

In the present study, we aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) plasty and the adaptive changes in the patellofemoral joint after surgery. From September 2010 to March 2012, 25 patients with DLM injuries who underwent arthroscopic meniscus plasty were enrolled in the prospective study. All patients underwent clinical evaluation before the operation and at the last follow-up, and imaging evaluation was performed by upright magnetic resonance imaging before and 1 month after the operation as well as at the last follow-up. Clinical evaluation included Lysholm score, Kujala score, McMurray’s sign, patellar mobility, patella grind test, and quadriceps atrophy. Imaging evaluation included bisect offset index, patella tilt angle (PTA), and cartilage damage. Lysholm score, Kujala score, McMurray’s sign, and quadriceps atrophy at the last follow-up were significantly improved compared with the preoperative levels (P < .05). At the last follow-up, there were no statistical differences in patella mobility and patella grind test compared with the preoperative levels. In addition, bisect offset index and PTA showed a dynamic trend of rising and then falling over time (P < .05). At 1 month after the operation, bisect offset index and PTA were significantly increased compared with the preoperative levels or the values at the last follow-up (P < .05), while there were no differences between the preoperation and the last follow-up. Cartilage damage became worse with time (P < 0.05), and the 2 were positively correlated (Spearman = 0.368). At the last follow-up, the degree of cartilage damage was significantly increased compared with the preoperative level (P < .017), while there was no significant difference between the 1-month postoperative grade and the preoperational grade or the last follow-up grade. The effect of arthroscopic DLM plasty on the patellofemoral joint was dynamic, with the position of the patella deviating in the early stages and recovering in the mid-term, especially when the knee was in the biomechanical standing position. In addition, the patellofemoral joint cartilage might undergo accelerated degeneration after the operation, while the mid-term effect of the operation was positive, and the patellofemoral joint function was acceptable.
Liangxue Jiedu Runzhi ointment in the treatment of mild and moderate psoriasis with blood-heat syndrome: A double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Qiu Yue , Zhang Weishu , Li Guanru , Guo Xinwei , Qu Jianhua , Lan Haibing , Zhang Cang , Xu Jingna , Sun Liyun
Published: November 2022

Introduction:

Psoriasis is a kind of chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, skin hyperplasia, scales and keratinocyte hyperproliferation. Psoriasis Vulgaris, the most common kind of psoriasis, severely deteriorates the life quality of patients. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is a good choice for the treatment of psoriasis, which has been proved to be safe and effective, and may reduce the recurrence rate. In clinical practice, Liangxue Jiedu Runzhi (LJR) ointment can effectively treat mild and moderate psoriasis with blood-heat syndrome, but there is a lack of evidence-based medical evidence. This trial aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LJR ointment for the treatment of mild and moderate psoriasis with blood-heat syndrome.

Methods:

A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and self-controlled clinical trial was carried out according to this paper. The symmetrical rashes of each subject were regarded as the target lesions and were randomly divided into a treatment group (LJR ointment group) and a control group (placebo group). The LJR ointment or placebo ointment were externally administered on bilateral symmetric rashes, twice a day for eight weeks. The follow-up examination was made for subjects every two weeks. The primary research finding was conveyed by Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) in 8 weeks. The secondary research finding includes adverse events.

Results:

46 subjects undergo this research project. The difference between PASI scores of the target lesions in the treatment group and control group is statistically significant were in 8 weeks (P < .001). The percentage of PASI 75 in treatment group and control group were 48% and 15% in week 8, respectively (x

2
 = 11.33, P < .05). No severe adverse events were reported.

Conclusions:

LJR ointment was proved to have efficacy in the treatment of mild and moderate psoriasis with the blood-heat syndrome.