bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcomes in IVF Conceived Pregnancies Complicated with Hypertensive Disorders
Authors: Vuniqi-Krasniqi Merita , Daka Qëndresë
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Many studies have demonstrated an increased risk of obstetrical and neonatal complications after assisted reproductive techniques treatment compared to spontaneously conceived pregnancies. There are no data regarding these outcomes in Kosovo. The aim of our study was, to compare maternal, obstetric and neonatal parameters of in-vitro fertilization (IVF) conceived pregnancies complicated with hypertensive disorders (HD) versus uncomplicated spontaneous conceived pregnancies in Kosovo.Material and Methods: This observational study was undertaken at the Department of Gynaecology, University Clinical Centre of Kosova, during a two year period. A total of 104 pregnant women were included in the study. Maternal, obstetrical and neonatal parameters in both groups were assessed and compared. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 statistical software.Results:  that conceived through IVF and had HD during pregnancy were older (p=0.0001), primipara (p=0.007), had multiple pregnancies (p=0.0001) and had worse obstetrical outcomes including cervix insufficiency (p=0.0001), premature rupture of membranes (p=0.0001), and delivery type (p=0.003) compared to women that conceived spontaneously. The only statistically significant differences in neonatal outcomes were in the Apgar1st (p=0.012) and Apgar5th (p=0.004) scores that were higher among babies born from mothers that conceived through IVF and had HD during pregnancy.Conclusions: Results of our study are in line with the results from other countries in regards to maternal demographic profile, except education level and employment, and obstetrical outcomes. However, there were no differences in regards to neonatal outcomes between the two groups of babies other than in the Apgar 1st and Apgar 5th scores.
Saccharomyces boulardii in Acute Childhood Diarrhoea
Authors: Mandal Anirban , Sahi Puneet Kaur
Published: February 2018

To the Editor,We read with much interest the article by Dash et al., published in the recent issue of your journal [1] but at the same time would like to make the following comments, clarification to which would benefit the general readers of JNPS.
Methodological Study to Develop Standard Operational Protocol on Intravenous (IV) Drug Administration For Children and to Assess its Implication
Authors: Bijarania Sunil Kumar , Saini Sushma Kumari , Verma Sanjeev
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Medicine administration forms a major part of the registered nurse’s role. Medicines are prescribed by a physician and dispensed by the pharmacist but responsibility for correct administration rests with the registered nurse. Fatal consequences have been noted following wrong drug, dose, diluent and unsterile technique. The objective of this study was to develop standard operational protocol (SOP) on Intravenous (IV) drug administration and checklist to assess the implementations of the developed SOP.Material and Methods: A methodological research design was adapted to carry out the study. Medicine wards (4-B, 4-C, 5-B and 5-C), Emergency room, PICU at Advanced Paediatric Centre (APC) of Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh. Thirty observations of IV drug administration and 58 bedside nurses working during July- September 2015. A prospective methodological study was performed to generate SOP. Total 17 FGDs were conducted and data was analysed with SPSS (Version-20.0).Results: The Content Validity Index (CVI) of SOP and checklist was 99.77% that means all items in both SOP and checklist are valid. Cronbach’s-alpha was calculated to assess Internal Consistency of checklists. Over-all standardized Cronbach’s alpha was calculated 0.94 that means all items in the checklist are internally consistent and contributing to the total reliability of the checklist. All the nurses felt that SOP is useful.Conclusion: Valid and feasible SOP for drug administration to children through IV route along with valid and reliable checklist was developed. It is recommended to use this document for drug administration for children.
Spectrum of Congenital Heart Disease in Neonates Admitted in an Intermediate Care Unit of a Tertiary Level Hospital
Authors: Chapagain Ram Hari , Shrestha Needa , Kayastha Madhusudhan , Shakya Sheelendra , Adhikari Kimat , Shrestha Sushan Man
Published: February 2018

Introduction: Congenital Heart Disease is the most common cause of major congenital anomalies accounting 28.0%, representing a major global health problem. Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease is 1.3 per 1000 in school children of Nepal.Material and Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was carried out in the neonatal intermediate care unit of Kanti Children’s Hospital, Nepal from Jan 2016 until Dec 2016 to see the spectrum of CHD.Results: Out of admitted 831 neonates, 85 were found to have CHD with prevalence of 102.28 per 1000 admitted neonate. Respiratory distress was the commonest symptom (51.8%) followed by cyanosis (11.8%) and reluctant to feed (10.6%) at presentation. ASD was the commonest (87.1%) cases followed by PFO 23.5%, PDA 21.2%, Complex congenital heart disease 11.8% and TOF 1.2%. Cleft lip and Cleft Palate was found in 5.9%, Down’s syndrome 3.5% of cases, polydactyly and syndactyly was detected in 2.4% newborn with CHD. The mode of delivery was spontaneous in 71.8% followed by Elective LSCS were 14.1% and Emergency LSCS were 9.4%.Conclusions: Prevalence of CHD was the 102.28 per 1000 neonates admitted in NIMCU. Atrial Septal Defect was the commonest congenital heart diseases. Cleft lip and Down’s syndrome were the most extra cardiac anomaly associated with CHD. Respiratory distress was the commonest presentation of CHD for hospital admission.
Quality of Care in a Paediatric Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in New Delhi
Authors: Siddharth Vijaydeep , Gupta Shakti Kumar , Lodha Rakesh , Satpathy Sidhartha
Published: February 2018

Introduction: This research aimed to study the outcome of patient care being rendered in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of an apex public sector teaching hospital of North India.Material and methods: A descriptive and observational study was carried out in PICU. Medical records of all admitted patients from January to June 2011 were analysed. Demographic, morbidity and mortality parameters were studied. PIM II score was calculated to assess the severity of illness.Results: In PICU, from January to June 2011, 110 patients were admitted. Almost equal number of patients got admitted in PICU through emergency ward/casualty and other inpatient areas. Of the total patients, 66% (62) were male. Mean age of the patients admitted to PICU was 4.56 years. Three fourth patients admitted in PICU required mechanical ventilation and 652 days of mechanical ventilation was given. Patient’s required mechanical ventilation on an average of 7.01 days. Almost one third, [36.61% (21)] patients were reintubated. Majority (78.7%) of the patients required oxygen support, while 72.3% (68) required vasopressor support. Prevalence of bed sore rate was 2.1%. Only 2.1% patients required readmission within 72 hours. Mean hospital and PICU length of stay was 16.82 and 8.7 days respectively. Mean PIM 2 score of patients was 14.13% (range 0.2% to 86.9%).Conclusion: 43.6% of patients died in PICU, while hospital mortality in PICU admitted patients was 47.2%. Sepsis with septic shock was the major cause of mortality followed by pulmonary haemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation. Standardised mortality was calculated to be 3.09.
Digitalisierung in der Luftfahrtindustrie
Authors: Hulla Maria , Kleindienst Mario , Ramsauer Christian
Published: February 2018

Kurzfassung

Ziele der Digitalisierung in Fertigungsbetrieben sind meist Produktivitätssteigerungen, Erhöhung der Produkt- und Prozessqualität sowie Durchlaufzeitreduzierungen. Unmittelbare Kundenvorteile durch Digitalisierung stehen oft nicht im Vordergrund. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Vorgehen zur antizipativen Berücksichtigung der Kundenbedürfnisse bei der Entscheidung über Digitalisierungsvorhaben vor und erörtert es am Beispiel eines Herstellers von metallischen Komponenten für die Luftfahrtindustrie.
Quo vehis, Elektromobilität?
Authors: Weigelt Michael , Mayr Andreas , Böhm Ralf , Kühl Alexander , Franke Jörg
Published: February 2018

Kurzfassung

Die Verbreitung der Elektromobilität in Deutschland liegt nach wie vor hinter den Zielen und Erwartungen von Politik und Gesellschaft zurück. Bisherige Hemmnisse der Mobilitätswende sind vor allem die relativ hohen Anschaffungskosten von Elektroautos, die politisch sanktionierten Strompreise, die begrenzten Reichweiten sowie der noch wenig komfortable Ladevorgang. Dem stehen wiederum zahlreiche Treiber wie der überlegene Wirkungsgrad, das emissionsfreie Fahren, die Schonung fossiler Ressourcen sowie der beeindruckende Fahrspaß gegenüber. Der vorliegende Beitrag fasst die aktuellen Treiber und Hindernisse der Mobilitätswende aus ökologischer, ökonomischer und sozialer Perspektive zusammen und leitet daraus Herausforderungen an die Technologieentwicklung und Produktionstechnik ab.
Effect of the Addition of ENR on Foam Properties of EVA/NR/Clay Nanocomposites
Authors: Lopattananon N. , Julyanon J. , Masa A. , Thongnuanchan B.
Published: February 2018

Elastomeric foams based on 60/40 EVA/NR blend nanocomposite were prepared by melt mixing EVA, NR and clay (5 phr) in an internal mixer, and later foamed with azodicarbonamide through compression molding. Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with epoxide content of 25 mole% was used as a compatibilizer to improve interfacial adhesion between EVA and NR. The addition effect of ENR concentration on the blending and properties of EVA/NR blend nanocomposite foams was studied. XRD and TEM results showed that the clay in the EVA/NR blends was intercalated and locally existed in the NR phase as well as at the interface between EVA and NR. The EVA/NR blend nanocomposites showed dispersed NR domains in continuous EVA phase. The addition of ENR into EVA/NR blend nanocomposites reduced the size of the dispersed NR phase, indicating that the blend miscibility was improved. Mechanistic model was proposed for the miscibility improvement of a two-phase structure of EVA/NR blend nanocomposite in the presence of ENR and clay dispersion. However, the improved blend morphology did not significantly affect the cell structure of EVA/NR blend nanocomposites. The observation of cell structure of EVA/NR blend nanocomposites suggested that the increased addition of ENR caused a little increase in cell density, and had no influence on cell size. Furthermore, with increasing addition level of ENR in the blend nanocomposite foams, the foam density slowly decreased, whereas the specific tensile strength slightly increased. The elastomeric recovery of blend nanocomposite foams decreased with increasing ENR content. The thermal conductivity of EVA/NR blend nanocomposite foams also decreased with more addition of ENR, which had beneficial result in improving thermal insulation property.
Numerical Predictions of Fiber Orientation for Injection Molded Rectangle Plate and Tensile Bar with Experimental Validations
Authors: Tseng H.-C. , Chang R. Y. , Hsu C.-H.
Published: February 2018

Fiber composites are the pinnacle of lightweight materials in the automotive industry. The orientation of the reinforcing fibers strongly affects the mechanical performance of the finished part. However, fiber orientation prediction with high accuracy is difficult for a complex flow field in practical injection molding. Recently, an objective model, iARD-RPR (Improved Anisotropic Rotary Diffusion and Retarding Principal Rate), has been significant to provide anisotropic distribution of fiber orientation, such as the well-known skin-shell-core structure. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scan is a state-of-the-art technique for measuring a very high 3D resolution of a specimen's fiber orientation data. According to the micro-CT experiments and injection molding simulations with the iARD-RPR computation, we investigate changes in fiber orientation distributions at different concentrations in a rectangle plate, while the alignment of fibers found in weld line is revealed for tensile bar. Comparisons of the fiber orientation predictions with the validated experimental data are also presented herein.
Comparing decoding mechanisms for parsing argumentative structures
Authors: Afantenos Stergos , Peldszus Andreas , Stede Manfred
Published: February 2018

Parsing of argumentative structures has become a very active line of research in recent years. Like discourse parsing or any other natural language task that requires prediction of linguistic structures, most approaches choose to learn a local model and then perform global decoding over the local probability distributions, often imposing constraints that are specific to the task at hand. Specifically for argumentation parsing, two decoding approaches have been recently proposed: Minimum Spanning Trees (MST) and Integer Linear Programming (ILP), following similar trends in discourse parsing. In contrast to discourse parsing though, where trees are not always used as underlying annotation schemes, argumentation structures so far have always been represented with trees. Using the ‘argumentative microtext corpus’ [in: Argumentation and Reasoned Action: Proceedings of the 1st European Conference on Argumentation, Lisbon 2015 / Vol. 2, College Publications, London, 2016 , pp. 801–815] as underlying data and replicating three different decoding mechanisms, in this paper we propose a novel ILP decoder and an extension to our earlier MST work, and then thoroughly compare the approaches. The result is that our new decoder outperforms related work in important respects, and that in general, ILP and MST yield very similar performance.
The Drag-based Ensemble Model (DBEM) for Coronal Mass Ejection Propagation
Authors: Dumbović Mateja , Čalogović Jaša , Vršnak Bojan , Temmer Manuela , Mays M. Leila , Veronig Astrid , Piantschitsch Isabell
Published: February 2018

The drag-based model for heliospheric propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is a widely used analytical model that can predict CME arrival time and speed at a given heliospheric location. It is based on the assumption that the propagation of CMEs in interplanetary space is solely under the influence of magnetohydrodynamical drag, where CME propagation is determined based on CME initial properties as well as the properties of the ambient solar wind. We present an upgraded version, the drag-based ensemble model (DBEM), that covers ensemble modeling to produce a distribution of possible ICME arrival times and speeds. Multiple runs using uncertainty ranges for the input values can be performed in almost real-time, within a few minutes. This allows us to define the most likely ICME arrival times and speeds, quantify prediction uncertainties, and determine forecast confidence. The performance of the DBEM is evaluated and compared to that of ensemble WSA-ENLIL+Cone model (ENLIL) using the same sample of events. It is found that the mean error is ME = −9.7 hr, mean absolute error MAE = 14.3 hr, and root mean square error RMSE = 16.7 hr, which is somewhat higher than, but comparable to ENLIL errors (ME = −6.1 hr, MAE = 12.8 hr and RMSE = 14.4 hr). Overall, DBEM and ENLIL show a similar performance. Furthermore, we find that in both models fast CMEs are predicted to arrive earlier than observed, most likely owing to the physical limitations of models, but possibly also related to an overestimation of the CME initial speed for fast CMEs.
New Insights into the Nature of Transition Disks from a Complete Disk Survey of the Lupus Star-forming Region
Authors: Marel Nienke van der , Williams Jonathan P. , Ansdell M. , Manara Carlo F. , Miotello Anna , Tazzari Marco , Testi Leonardo , Hogerheijde Michiel , Bruderer Simon , Terwisga Sierk E. van , Dishoeck Ewine F. van
Published: February 2018

Transition disks with large dust cavities around young stars are promising targets for studying planet formation. Previous studies have revealed the presence of gas cavities inside the dust cavities, hinting at recently formed, giant planets. However, many of these studies are biased toward the brightest disks in the nearby star-forming regions, and it is not possible to derive reliable statistics that can be compared with exoplanet populations. We present the analysis of 11 transition disks with large cavities (≥20 au radius) from a complete disk survey of the Lupus star-forming region, using ALMA Band 7 observations at 0.″3 (22–30 au radius) resolution of the 345 GHz continuum, 13CO and C18O 3–2 observations, and the spectral energy distribution of each source. Gas and dust surface density profiles are derived using the physical–chemical modeling code DALI. This is the first study of transition disks of large cavities within a complete disk survey within a star-forming region. The dust cavity sizes range from 20 to 90 au radius, and in three cases, a gas cavity is resolved as well. The deep drops in gas density and large dust cavity sizes are consistent with clearing by giant planets. The fraction of transition disks with large cavities in Lupus is

, which is inconsistent with exoplanet population studies of giant planets at wide orbits. Furthermore, we present a hypothesis of an evolutionary path for large massive disks evolving into transition disks with large cavities.
Evolution of Cometary Dust Particles to the Orbit of the Earth: Particle Size, Shape, and Mutual Collisions
Authors: Yang Hongu , Ishiguro Masateru
Published: February 2018

In this study, we numerically investigated the orbital evolution of cometary dust particles, with special consideration of the initial size–frequency distribution (SFD) and different evolutionary tracks according to the initial orbit and particle shape. We found that close encounters with planets (mostly Jupiter) are the dominating factor determining the orbital evolution of dust particles. Therefore, the lifetimes of cometary dust particles (∼250,000 yr) are shorter than the Poynting–Robertson lifetime, and only a small fraction of large cometary dust particles can be transferred into orbits with small semimajor axes. The exceptions are dust particles from 2P/Encke and, potentially, active asteroids that have little interaction with Jupiter. We also found that the effects of dust shape, mass density, and SFD were not critical in the total mass supply rate to the interplanetary dust particle (IDP) cloud complex when these quantities are confined by observations of zodiacal light brightness and SFD around the Earth’s orbit. When we incorporate a population of fluffy aggregates discovered in the Earth’s stratosphere and the coma of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko within the initial ejection, the initial SFD measured at the comae of comets (67P and 81P/Wild 2) can produce the observed SFD around the Earth’s orbit. Considering the above effects, we derived the probability of mutual collisions among dust particles within the IDP cloud for the first time in a direct manner via numerical simulation and concluded that mutual collisions can mostly be ignored.
The 7-year MAXI/GSC Source Catalog of the Low-Galactic-latitude Sky (3MAXI)
Authors: Hori T. , Shidatsu M. , Ueda Y. , Kawamuro T. , Morii M. , Nakahira S. , Isobe N. , Kawai N. , Mihara T. , Matsuoka M. , Morita T. , Nakajima M. , Negoro H. , Oda S. , Sakamoto T. , Serino M. , Sugizaki M. , Tanimoto A. , Tomida H. , Tsuboi Y. , Tsunemi H. , Ueno S. , Yamaoka K. , Yamada S. , Yoshida A. , Iwakiri W. , Kawakubo Y. , Sugawara Y. , Sugita S. , Tachibana Y. , Yoshii T.
Published: February 2018

We present the first MAXI/GSC X-ray source catalog in the low-Galactic-latitude sky

outside the Galactic center region (

, l < 30°, and l > 330°) based on 7-year data from 2009 August 13 to 2016 July 31. To overcome source confusion in crowded regions, we have accurately calibrated the position-dependent shape of the point-spread function of the MAXI/GSC by analyzing onboard data. We have also taken into account the Galactic ridge X-ray emission. Using a maximum likelihood image fitting method, we have detected 221 sources with a significance threshold >6.5σ, 7 of which are transients only detected in 73-day time-sliced images. The faintest source has a flux of 5.2 × 10−12 erg cm−2 s−1 (or an intensity of 0.43 mCrab) in the 4–10 keV band. We have identified the counterparts for about 81% of the detected sources, by cross-matching with the Swift, Uhuru, RXTE, XMM-Newton, MCXC, and ROSAT all-sky survey catalogs. Our catalog contains the source name, position and its error, flux and detection significance in the 3–4 keV, 4–10 keV, and 10–20 keV bands, hardness ratios, and information on the likely counterpart for the individual detected sources. We have obtained 73-day bin light curves of all the cataloged sources over 7 years and have calculated their periodograms. On the basis of the mean properties of time variability and spectral hardness, we suggest that the majority of the unidentified sources are low-mass X-ray binaries or blazars. Finally, we present the log N–log S relations at different Galactic longitudes and for different source populations.
Detection of a Millimeter Flare from Proxima Centauri
Authors: MacGregor Meredith A. , Weinberger Alycia J. , Wilner David J. , Kowalski Adam F. , Cranmer Steven R.
Published: February 2018

We present new analyses of ALMA 12 m and Atacama Compact Array (ACA) observations at 233 GHz (1.3 mm) of the Proxima Centauri system with sensitivities of 9.5 and 47 μJy beam−1, respectively, taken from 2017 January 21 through April 25. These analyses reveal that the star underwent a significant flaring event during one of the ACA observations on 2017 March 24. The complete event lasted for approximately 1 minute and reached a peak flux density of 100 ± 4 mJy, nearly a factor of 1000 times brighter than the star’s quiescent emission. At the flare peak, the continuum emission is characterized by a steeply falling spectral index with frequency F

ν
 ∝ ν

α
with α = −1.77 ± 0.45, and a lower limit on the fractional linear polarization of

. Because the ACA observations do not show any quiescent excess emission, we conclude that there is no need to invoke the presence of a dust belt at 1–4 au. We also posit that the slight excess flux density of 101 ± 9 μJy observed in the 12 m observations, compared to the photospheric flux density of 74 ± 4 μJy extrapolated from infrared wavelengths, may be due to coronal heating from continual smaller flares, as is seen for AU Mic, another nearby well-studied M dwarf flare star. If this is true, then the need for warm dust at ∼0.4 au is also removed.
Les pratiques de partage des connaissances d’une unité de recherche pluridisciplinaire en interne et externe
Authors: Bouhedi Marie-Claude
Published: February 2018

Nous proposons dans cet article, de partir d’une étude sur l’usage et la pratique des outils des Technologies d’Information et de Communication pour aborder le partage des connaissances. Nous verrons que le partage est plus facile pour les connaissances explicites mais reste difficile pour une partie des connaissances tacites, certaines connaissances scientifiques et celles dites artisanales , transmissibles seulement par voie orale, observation ou apprentissage. La démarche qualité pourrait contribuer à capitaliser les connaissances. Le déploiement des outils dans le travail collaboratif ne suffit pas en soi : la communication reste essentielle, elle permet d’établir la confiance, qui favorise la coopération.
La relation circulaire entre inégalités de revenu et finance : tour d’horizon de la littérature et résultats récents
Authors: Bazillier Rémi , Héricourt Jérôme , Ligonnière Samuel
Published: February 2018

Cet article propose un bref tour d’horizon de la littérature portant sur les liens entre inégalités de revenu et finance, afin de démêler les nombreux facteurs sous-jacents à la relation circulaire entre ces deux variables. D’un côté, les présomptions en faveur d’effets du développement financier, de la déréglementation financière et des crises financières sur la distribution des revenus sont nombreuses, mais le débat sur le sens de ces effets reste largement ouvert, le contexte institutionnel apparaissant déterminant. De l’autre, les preuves récemment accumulées d’un lien causal positif allant des inégalités vers le crédit (essentiellement aux ménages) sont solides. Cet accroissement du crédit suite à une augmentation des inégalités peut être justifié par différents mécanismes théoriques relevant de l’offre ou de la demande de crédit. À cet égard, le lien de causalité apparaît quantitativement plus fort lorsque les classes moyennes sont concernées. Les implications pour la politique économique sont importantes et les voies de recherches futures, prometteuses. Classification JEL : D31, E25, E44, G01 .
De la restriction des budgets des politiques sociales à la dégradation des conditions de travail dans le secteur médico-social
Authors: Dussuet Annie , Nirello Laura , Puissant Emmanuelle
Published: February 2018

Les politiques publiques gérontologiques se sont succédé depuis les années 1980, oscillant entre politiques sociales et médico-sociales, et politiques de l’emploi. Depuis deux décennies, mais avec une nette accélération depuis les années 2000, ces politiques publiques, intervenant aussi bien dans le champ de l’hébergement que dans celui du domicile, se caractérisent par un changement de référentiel : le référentiel industriel de ces secteurs tertiaires, qui se caractérise par « une recherche d’une standardisation poussée des procédés » (Gadrey, 1994 :118), est désormais affiché au niveau politique national. Il s’accompagne d’une rationalisation importante de l’organisation des services et du travail, aussi bien dans les établissements d’hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes (Ehpad) que dans les organisations d’aide à domicile ; la rationalisation étant perçue par les autorités locales de tarification comme un moyen de « maîtriser » les dépenses publiques. L’article s’attache à analyser les répercussions de cette rationalisation sur les conditions de travail des salariées qui se dégradent.
La famille en morceaux
Authors: Ambroise-Rendu Anne-Claude
Published: February 2018

La presse dessine une figure paradoxale de la famille fin de siècle. Loin des images rassurantes forgées par la littérature édifiante, la famille – qui apparaît presque exclusivement dans la presse via la chronique des faits divers – est presque toujours le cadre de désordres et de violences. À ces brutalités quotidiennes s'ajoute le caractère atroce de crimes spécifiques : parricides et matricides, enfants maltraités. Pourtant cette constante narrative n'ouvre à aucun moment sur une remise en cause de la famille. Les violences familiales, interprétées en termes vaguement sociologiques par la chronique des faits divers montrent les limites d'un genre journalistique qui s'arrête également au seuil de l'analyse psychologique et du discours social. La violence est un argument de vente, mais la violence familiale suscite un véritable embarras, montrant ainsi et comme en creux que la famille reste un des totems majeurs du siècle finissant.
De Verlaine à Cocteau
Authors: Lejeune-Resnick Évelyne
Published: February 2018

Paul Verlaine, poète, homosexuel et prince des Poètes au XIX e siècle et Jean Cocteau, poète, homosexuel et prince des Poètes au XX e siècle, ont suscité chacun des réactions, commentaires et opinions parfois désobligeants, pour ne pas dire agressifs : la violence du regard social a été extrêmement prononcée envers eux.
L'enfance violentée
Authors: Dupont-Bouchat Marie-Sylvie
Published: February 2018

Les transformations de la sensibilité à l'égard de la violence sexuelle commise sur les enfants s'inscrivent dans le contexte général d'une montée du sentiment sécuritaire à la fin du XIX e siècle. À partir des regards croisés portés par le droit, la justice et les réactions sociales, on peut observer au fil du siècle, le développement d'une nouvelle sensibilité à la violence et ses victimes, surtout s'il s'agit d'enfants. S'il est plus facile de légiférer, en 1846, sur la violence sexuelle que sur la protection de l'enfance au travail, s'il est plus facile de condamner un pédophile qu'un patron d'industrie qui exploite la main-d'œuvre enfantine, les sensibilités changent dans le dernier quart du XIX e siècle, sous la pression des magistrats et des sociétés protectrices de l'enfance. Un nouveau regard est porté sur l'enfant qui apparaît désormais comme un enjeu pour l'avenir d'une société qui mise sur le progrès et où le besoin de sécurité se développe, parallèlement au sentiment du danger.
Le corps dans tous ses états
Authors: Chauvaud Frédéric
Published: February 2018

Tantôt mutilé, tantôt éviscéré, tantôt disloqué, le corps est l'objet de toutes sortes de violences. Les descriptions des médecins experts renseignent sur la gravité des blessures et la chronologie des brutalités. De la sorte, se constitue une science des indices. Les marques de l'horreur sont instrumentalisées par les représentants de la médecine légale qui inventent de nouvelles catégories comme le viol-meurtre d'enfants. Les experts s'attachent également à débusquer la logique de tels agissements. L'instinct destructeur et l'instinct génésique expliqueraient certaines formes de crimes sadiques ou les actes de dépeçage criminel. Reste que la violence extrême, introduite dans les prétoires, est un révélateur de la mue des sensibilités.
Les peuples de Londres : ville impériale, village global
Authors: Winter Jay
Published: February 2018

Une double particularité de Londres explique qu'on ne peut parler d'un peuple de Londres. D'abord ses liens intenses et précoces avec l'économie mondiale, son rôle de place essentielle des migrations entre l'Europe et l'Amérique contribuent à situer les habitants de Londres dans une dimension qui dépasse celle de leur ville, fut-elle immense. Au contraire, les modes de l'urbanisation de la ville, la puissance de la société civile locale britannique font de Londres une juxtaposition de villages gardant jalousement leurs originalités. Il y a alors des peuples de Londres que la politique n'a jamais unifiés et qui sont une composante prémonitoire du village mondial. Charlot est le meilleur symbole de ces peuples londoniens.
Le peuple des populistes
Authors: Robert Jean-Louis
Published: February 2018

Il est sans doute anachronique et dangereux de tenter de rapprocher le peuple de Boulanger et celui de Le Pen même si les deux sont apparus pendant une grave crise sociale. Il reste qu'il apparaît bien des continuités dans le peuple réel qui soutient ces démagogues et dans les discours et images dans lesquels il se reconnaît. Peuple éloigné des centres urbains et des lieux de pouvoir, se sentant aux marges de la société, il est d'abord dénonciateur des dominants, politiciens, gros... Il accorde une grande importance à la dimension morale de la critique de la corruption (les voleurs...) et se différencie vivement de l'étranger. Ce peuple des populistes est aussi une traduction de la crise de la démocratie.
An explorative study of the practice of light trapping and the informal market for crickets in Cambodia
Authors: Münke-Svendsen C. , Ao V. , Lach T. , Chamnan C. , Hjortsø C.N. , Roos N.
Published: February 2018

Edible insects are an integrated part of the food sector in many South-East Asian countries. While the majority of studies focus on Thailand and its cricket farming sector, neighbouring countries like Cambodia and Laos also form a regional market for edible insects. The aim of this research was to describe the informal food sector for wild caught crickets in Cambodia. The information was collected in April-May 2012. Information on collection equipment and techniques, processing and trade were obtained from light trap owners, traders, market vendors and governmental representatives. Five cricket species were identified to be the main trade object. Cricket trapping contributed to livelihoods of rural households operating in a self-governing market. As the crickets are caught from the wild, the sustainability of the market has to be questioned. The use of a framework to structure future studies on edible insects in South-East Asia is discussed. Insect trapping and trading is not institutionally anchored as either agriculture or fisheries – or another sector – and provides an interesting case of a food market operating in between the institutionalised sectors.
Identification of a novel functional miR-143-5p recognition element in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator 3’UTR
Authors: De Santi Chiara , Gadi Sucharitha , Swiatecka-Urban Agnieszka , Greene Catherine M.
Published: February 2018

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs involved in regulation of gene expression. They bind in a sequence-specific manner to miRNA recognition elements (MREs) located in the 3″ untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNAs and prevent mRNA translation. MiRNA expression is dysregulated in cystic fibrosis (CF), affecting several biological processes including ion conductance in the epithelial cells of the lung. We previously reported that miR-143 is up-regulated in CF bronchial brushings compared to non-CF. Here we identified two predicted binding sites for miR-143-5p (starting at residues 558 and 644) on the CFTR mRNA, and aimed to assess whether CFTR is a true molecular target of miR-143-5p. Expression of miR-143-5p was found to be up-regulated in a panel of CF vs non-CF cell lines (1.7-fold, P = 0.0165), and its levels were increased in vitro after 20 hours treatment with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from CF patients compared to vehicle-treated cells (3.3-fold, P = 0.0319). Luciferase assays were performed to elucidate direct miRNA::target interactions and showed that miR-143-5p significantly decreased the reporter activity when carrying the wild-type full length sequence of CFTR 3″UTR (minus 15%, P = 0.005). This repression was rescued by the disruption of the first, but not the second, predicted MRE, suggesting that the residue starting at 558 was the actual active binding site. In conclusion, we here showed that miR-143-5p modestly but significantly inhibits CFTR, improving the knowledge on functional MREs within the CFTR 3″UTR. This could lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies where miRNA-mediated CFTR repression is blocked thereby possibly increasing the efficacy of the currently available CFTR modulators.
Arte y estética en los Minutogramas de Jorge Oteiza
Authors: Azanza López José Javier
Published: February 2018

Durante su estancia en Buenos Aires en 1939, Jorge Oteiza promovió el servicio de información artística El Arte marcha, resultado del cual son los Minutogramas, en los que con una estética cercana al cómic, un marcado interés por el grafismo y un discurso al que no son ajenos los ecos del surrealismo y del “ramonismo” de Gómez de la Serna, aporta diversas claves de su pensamiento estético. Su fe en los valores universales de la geometría de la mano de Leonardo, la naturaleza como fundamento de la creación escultórica que descubre en Maillol, Zadkine, Alberto y Erzia, su admiración hacia El Greco, Velázquez y Goya como referentes hispanos, el reconocimiento de Cézanne como el padre del Arte Contemporáneo y el magisterio de Hans Arp constituyen otros tantos asuntos de sus Minutogramas, en los que manifiesta igualmente su dimensión humanista que abarca múltiples áreas de conocimiento.
El feminismo liberal en el Perú decimonónico: Manuel González Prada y la Generación de escritoras de 1870
Authors: Moreno Mónica Cárdenas
Published: February 2018

En las dos últimas décadas del siglo XIX, en el contexto de la reconstrucción nacional que siguió a la Guerra del Pacífico (1879-1883), surge en las letras peruanas un nuevo pensamiento sobre la cuestión femenina basado en el liberalismo de raigambre ilustrada y en algunas ideas del positivismo. Manuel González Prada y algunas escritoras contemporáneas a la generación de 1870, como Clorinda Matto de Turner y Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera, critican el rol de la Iglesia en la educación de las mujeres, denuncian las desigualdades y la alienación de la mujer dentro del matrimonio. De esta manera, se pone al centro del debate el devenir del “ángel del hogar” que tanto había exaltado la generación romántica precedente. En este trabajo, presentaremos un análisis comparativo de las propuestas de los tres escritores citados que hemos organizado en tres ideas clave: la función de la mujer en el desarrollo de las sociedades; la mujer como agente de cambio; y, la visibilidad del trabajo femenino.
Manuel González Prada et le régime de la propriété. Idées radicales et esthétique d’une sémiotique intertextuelle de propagande
Authors: Delhom Joël
Published: February 2018

L’utilisation récurrente par Manuel González Prada de citations et références est ici analysée comme une esthétique signifiante d’un point de vue sémiotique. L’article se concentre sur les modalités d’expression de l’opinion de l’auteur sur le thème de la propriété, d’abord la propriété intellectuelle puis celle des moyens de production, qui est finalement rapprochée de sa réflexion sur la question indienne au Pérou. Il met en évidence une évolution idéologique radicale qui s’exprime de manière privilégiée à travers des intertextes.
Manuel González Prada’s “The Slaves of the Church”: From exclusion to inclusion in the postcolonial debate
Authors: Ward Thomas
Published: February 2018

The Peruvian poet and essayist Manuel González Prada deserves to be considered among the authors known worldwide as post-colonial theorists. Like José Carlos Mariátegui and José María Arguedas, González Prada is accorded a primary place in Peruvian decolonial thought, but mainly in Peru. In the international orbit of literary criticism or of cultural or postcolonial studies, however, he is only remembered in anthologies with the inclusion of a poem or his perceived-as-representative essay “Our Indians”; or with sporadic critical articles appearing on some aspect of his oeuvre. While authors such as Achebe (Nigeria), Ngũugĩ (Kenya), and Bhabha (India/UK/USA) are included in the category “postcolonial”, rarely are authors from Latin America or Latino authors from the United States included. This article attempts a small step toward rectifying the paradoxical colonialist exclusion of Hispanics from Anglophone Postcolonial Studies by studying González Prada’s early twentieth-century writing that compared women’s subordinate condition to men as “slavery”, a slavery resulting in part from the Church’s view of women. The primary essay studied, “The Slaves of the Church”, dates from 1904.
Permanganate - Based Hybrid Nano-Conversion Coating on Aluminium
Authors: Oki Makanjuola , Adediran Adeolu Adesoji
Published: February 2018

The present work investigates a hybrid nano-coating based on permanganate/fluoride/glycerol conversion coating solution on aluminium alloy, AA6061. From gravimetric studies, the nano-coatings formed on aluminium alloy by immersion procedures developed rapidly at a rate which decreased with time of treatment and was about 5 gm-2after a period of three minutes. The morphology of the coating from scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examinations revealed randomly shaped coating materials with mud cracking patterns, characteristics of dried out coatings derived from gel-like materials. Analyses of the coating with the energy dispersive analysis of X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) attachment in the SEM revealed the composition as compounds of aluminium, oxygen and manganese, probably hydrated. The corrosion resistance of the coating out-performed ‘bare’ aluminium alloy specimens exposed to both natural and 3.5% sodium chloride solution environments. The coating improved the paint adhesion characteristics of the substrate aluminium alloy. Macro and micro features developed on the substrate aluminium are anchor points which improved the adhesion of subsequently applied lacquer.
Classification and Characteristics of Predominant Refractories Used in Metallurgy
Authors: Ertuğ Burcu
Published: February 2018

In the paper were reviewed mechanical and chemical properties of the modern refractories applied in the metallurgical industry and was provided their classification for the goal of optimal selection of refractories kind for specific technological conditions, reducing costs and solving the environmental issues. For various applications in the steel industry, in the furnace linings for iron and steel making, metal and slag transport, heat treatment furnaces and the flues for the hot gas conduction, refractories are widely used. The refractories can also be classified according to the raw materials, which are used in the preparation and to the predominant minerals after production. Nowadays, hardly any standard bricks are used and there is a trend towards using monolithic refractories. Due to the improvement in the service life and highly productive modern steel making processes, the consumption of refractories is reduced.
Effect of the Size of the Dopants on the Dielectric and Magnetic Properties of Bi(La,Gd)FeO3 Multiferroic Materials
Authors: Mani Angom Devadatta , Soibam Ibetombi
Published: February 2018

Gd and La codoped multiferroics with the formula Bi(La,Gd)FeO3(0%≤La≤10%; 0%≤y≤10%) have been synthesised by low temperature sol gel method. XRD analyses confirm the phase formation of all the samples. The decrease in the intensity and shifting of (104) and (110) diffraction peaks of the doped samples towards the higher 2θ region confirms the lattice shifting with the addition of La and Gd but still exhibits perovskite structure. FTIR studies show the presence of the necessary bonds in the samples. Dielectric properties such as dielectric constant, ε' and dielectric loss, tanδ were studied as a function of frequency and compositions of La and Gd. The dispersive behaviour of both ε' and tanδ are explained in accordance to the double mechanism of grain and grain boundaries. However, the actual amount of contributions made by the grains and grain boundaries to the dielectric response and total resistance are not yet discussed. Enhanced dielectric constant and reduced loss factor has been observed with increasing Gd content (decreasing La content). Magnetic measurements of all the samples show an increment in the values of both coercivity (HC) and saturation magnetisation (MS) with the increase in Gd dopant (decrease in La dopant). The modification of the structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of the doped samples was explained on the basis of the size effect of the dopants.
ADULT SICKLE CELL ANAEMIA PATIENTS IN BONE PAIN CRISIS HAVE ELEVATED PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
Authors: Alagbe Adekunle Emmanuel , Olaniyi John Ayodele , Aworanti Oladapo Wale
Published: February 2018

Background and Objective: Inflammatory markers that influence bone pain crisis (BPC) and other complications of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) are numerous and play various roles. This study determined the plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) - α, interleukin - 8 (IL-8), and endothelin - 1 (ET-1) in adult SCA patients during BPC and in steady state. In addition, the plasma levels of these cytokines were correlated with the severity of BPC of the patients.Methods and Materials: Sixty adult SCA patients (30 during BPC and 30 during steady state) and 30 haemoglobin A controls were enrolled for this cross-sectional study. The severity of BPC was assessed clinically, and questionnaires were filled. Plasma levels of TNF- α, IL-8 and ET-1 were quantified by ELISA, and haematological parameters were determined using a 5-part auto-analyzer. Plasma levels were correlated with the severity of bone pain crisis. Results were considered statistically significant if p<0.05.Results: Plasma TNF-α, IL-8, and ET-1 were significantly elevated in the BPC group than in the steady state group and the controls. Plasma TNF-α, IL-8 and ET-1 were markedly higher in the severe BPC groups than the steady state and control groups, There was a positive correlation between TNF-α and ET-1 in the bone pain crisis group.Conclusion: Elevated levels of plasma TNF-α, IL-8, and ET-1 further establish the chronic inflammatory state in SCA and equally affirm their significant contribution, not only to pathogenesis but also to the severity of pain in SCA. Keywords: Sickle cell anaemia, Cytokines, Bone pain crisis, Severity, Steady state.
The church as a moral agent: In dialogue with Bram van de Beek
Authors: Vorster J. M.
Published: February 2018

The latter part of the 20th century is known for a surge in the so-called ‘genitive theologies’. Usually, a genitive theology has an ulterior motive, aiming at the transformation of a society or the promotion of sound politics and economy. In recent years, this trend culminated in public theology. The issue of religion with an ulterior motive was raised by Van de Beek in a seminal article focusing on theology without gaining anything from it as an answer to the surging genitive theologies of the latter part of the 20th century and the public theologies of today. Taking into account Van de Beek’s critique against ‘religion with an ulterior motive’, this article explores the concept of the church as a moral agent in dialogue with Van de Beek. The central theoretical argument of this investigation is that Van de Beek’s ecclesiology is valuable when defining the role of the church as a moral agent. However, the perspective of the Kingdom of God concerning the church can enrich one’s views and can add value to his valid critique on public theology.
Settling the browser–grazer debate for African buffalo in grass-limited Eastern Cape thicket, South Africa
Authors: Landman Marietjie , Kloppers Kate , Kerley Graham I.H.
Published: February 2018

Despite extensive evidence that African buffalo Syncerus caffer are grazers, De Graaff et al. using rumen content analysis of animals that had starved to death proposed that buffalo in grass-limited Eastern Cape thicket should be considered browsers. Although these anomalous findings were initially accepted, but later challenged, the browse-dominated diet continues to be used as a foundation for hypotheses on the diet of healthy animals. Consequently, the debate around buffalo as browsers or grazers in thicket has not yet been settled. We describe the diet of buffalo in the Addo Elephant National Park and include data from other published work from the region to test the importance of grass in buffalo diet. We show that the diet is dominated by grasses, even in grass-limited thicket, and that browse species are seldom dominant foods. Thus, there is no empirical evidence to corroborate the notion that buffalo switch their diet to browse when grass availability is low. In an attempt to advance our understanding of buffalo foraging in thicket, we reiterate that De Graaff’s work is not a valid measure of buffalo diet in succulent thicket and that additional testing of the browser–grazer hypothesis is not needed.Conservation implications: Our results confirm that buffalo are grazers, rather than browsers, in grass-limited Eastern Cape thicket. Thus, additional testing of the browser–grazer hypothesis for buffalo in the region is not needed.