bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathologic findings in dogs with renal amyloidosis: 59 cases (1976-1986)
Authors: DiBartola Stephen P. , Tarr Melinda J. , Parker Ann T. , Powers Jean D. , Pultz Joseph A.
Published: February 2025

The medical records of 59 dogs with renal amyloidosis were reviewed. Most dogs with amyloidosis were > 6 years old, and females were affected more often than males. Beagles, Collies, and Walker Hounds were at increased risk, whereas German Shepherd Dogs and mixed-breed dogs were at decreased risk. Common historical findings were anorexia, polyuria, polydipsia, lethargy, vomiting, and weight loss. Common laboratory findings were leukocytosis, lymphopenia, non-regenerative anemia, hypercholesterolemia, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis, isosthenuria, cylindruria, and proteinuria. Proteinuria was moderate to severe in most dogs, as assessed by qualitative determination of urine protein concentration, urine protein/urine creatinine ratio, and 24-hour urine protein excretion. Conservative medical management was of little value, and survival ranged from 3 to 20 months in 12 dogs for which this information was available. Moderate to severe diffuse global glomerular amyloidosis was detected in all dogs. Medullary amyloid deposition was multifocal and less severe, but was evident in most dogs. Secondary tubulointerstitial and glomerular lesions were mild or absent in most dogs. Thromboembolism was identified in approximately 14% of affected dogs, underlying inflammatory disease in 37%, and neoplasia in 20%, Laboratory indicators of renal function correlated poorly with histologic lesions, with the exception of glomerular amyloid deposition and “chronic renal disease” index with endogenous creatinine clearance.
Central nervous system toxicosis associated with metronidazole treatment of dogs: Five cases (1984-1987)
Authors: Dow Steven W. , LeCouteur Richard A. , Poss Mary L. , Beadleston David
Published: February 2025

Metronidazole, administered to 5 dogs for periods ranging from 3 to 14 days, was associated with acute development of cns dysfunction. Metronidazole dosage ranged from 67.3 to 129.0 mg/kg of body weight/d. Clinical signs of toxicosis began with anorexia and intermittent vomiting and progressed rapidly to include pronounced, generalized ataxia and vertical, positional nystagmus. These signs were consistent with lesions of the vestibular nuclei and/or cerebellum. High csf protein content was detected in 2 of 3 dogs from which csf was collected. Two dogs were euthanatized because of severe neurologic dysfunction. Three dogs improved slowly and recovered completely over several months. These findings suggest that currently recommended dosages of metronidazole may be too high for some dogs.
Horner's syndrome in dogs and cats: 100 cases (1975-1985)
Authors: Kern Thomas J. , Aromando Michael C. , Erb Hollis N.
Published: February 2025

The medical records of 74 dogs and 26 cats with Horner's syndrome (hs) that were admitted to the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine between January 1975 and October 1985 were reviewed. In dogs, but not cats, hs was associated significantly (P < 0.01) with increasing age. Dogs with hypothyroidism (defined liberally but not rigorously), intracranial neoplasia, or thoracic neoplasia, cats with otitis media/interna (defined liberally), and dogs and cats with brachial plexus root avulsion were at greater risk for developing hs than were animals that were hit by a car. Dogs and cats with otitis externa were at less risk of developing hs than were animals that were hit by a car. The cause of hs could not be determined in 50% of dogs and 42.3% of cats. The results of topical adrenergic drug testing in dogs were inconclusive in localizing lesion site. In dogs and cats, hs appeared to be unassociated with gender, breed, or right vs left side. The important causes of hs in dogs and cats were trauma (hit by car), brachial plexus root avulsion, intracranial and thoracic neoplasia, and otitis media/interna.
Evaluation of heparin for prophylaxis of equine laminitis: 71 cases (1980–1986)
Authors: Belknap James K. , Moore James N.
Published: February 2025

The records of 71 horses with small intestinal disorders requiring surgical correction were reviewed to compare the prevalence of laminitis in those horses treated prophylactically with heparin and the prevalence of horses not treated with heparin. The prevalence of laminitis was 13% (9/71), and there was no significant difference (P < 0.05) in the prevalence of laminitis between the 2 groups. The lack of significant benefit after treatment with heparin indicates that further work needs to be done on the equine coagulation system before heparin can be advocated for prevention of laminitis.
Treatment of idiopathic hepatic lipidosis in cats: 11 cases (1986-1987)
Authors: Jacobs Gilbert , Cornelius Larry , Allen Sheila , Greene Craig
Published: February 2025

Idiopathic hepatic lipidosis was diagnosed in 11 cats. Cats were treated by delivery of balanced nutrients supplemented with l-carnitine via a surgically placed gastrostomy tube. Feeding through the gastrostomy tube was initiated in the hospital and was continued at home in all cats. The mean duration of gastrostomy tube feeding was 48 days (range, 22 to 98 days). Vomiting associated with feeding (3 cats) and localized cellulitis at the gastrostomy site (2 cats) were the most frequent complications. Vomiting was controlled by reducing the volume of food administered at each feeding or by administration of metoclopramide. Cellulitis was treated successfully by parenteral administration of antibiotics and local wound cleansing. Seven of 11 cats (65%) survived and have remained clinically healthy for 15 to 29 months (mean, 20 months) since diagnosis. The other 4 cats died of peritonitis (n = 1), pneumonia (n = 1), hepatic encephalopathy (n = 1), or cardiopulmonary arrest (n = 1) between 0 and 10 days after surgery.
Interpreting feline leukemia test results
Authors: Romatowski Joseph
Published: February 2025

Routine prevaccinal screening for FeLV has inherent statistical limitations owing to the magnification of false-positive test errors by the low prevalence of FeLV viremia in the general cat population. Positive elisa test results obtained in a screening program should be interpreted with caution, because a high proportion—approximately 72%—of such are likely to be false-positive results. On the other hand, routine screening is an excellent method for ruling out FeLV viremia, because a false-negative result is likely to be obtained in only 1/1,000 tests.
Comparison of urinary protein concentration and protein/creatinine ratio vs routine microscopy in urinalysis of dogs: 500 cases (1987-1988)
Authors: Fettman Martin J.
Published: February 2025

The clinical problems and results of urinalyses of 500 dogs were reviewed and summarized to compare the sensitivities for detection of abnormalities indicative oj urinary system disease among qualitative (sulfosalicylic acid [ssa]), quantitative (Coomassie brilliant blue [cbb]), and indexed (urinary protein/creatinine ratio [u(p/c) determinations of urinary protein loss vs microscopic examination of urine sediment. False-negative rates for the detection of microscopically abnormal urine specimens were 5.4% for ssa ≥ 1 +, 8.5% for cbb ≥ 1.0 mg/ml, 9.7% for u(p/c) ≥ 1.0, and 7.7% for cbb + u(p/c). A discriminatory u(p/c) value of 2.0 would have excluded dogs with clinically relevant proteinuria in the lower ranges. Proteinuria was not detected in 4.4% (22/500) of the specimens in which important numbers of leukocytes or bacteria were observed. False-negative rates for combined interpretation of quantitative protein concentration and u(p/c) were not significantly different (P > 0.10)from ssa alone. Degrees of azotemia were higher (high serum creatinine concentration. P > 0.10 and high serum urea nitrogen concentration, P < 0.05) and prevalence of chronically diseased dogs was greater (P < 0.005) in dog categories with higher u(p/c) values. More quantitative determinations of urinary protein loss as a screening test offer potential labor-saving and diagnostic advantages in the identification of urinary disease over more qualitative routine screening methods.
Electrophoretic determination of albumin and gamma globulin concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with encephalomyelitis attributable to canine distemper virus infection: 13 cases (1980-1987)
Authors: Sorjonen D. C. , Cox N. R. , Swango L. J.
Published: February 2025

Thirteen dogs with encephalomyelitis attributable to canine distemper virus infection were classified into 3 groups on the basis of histopathologic evidence of virus-induced lesions in cns tissue. Analysis of data indicated a similarity within groups when arranged by age, clinical neurologic signs, and alterations in the csf electrophoretic protein values. Comparison with results in dogs with experimentally induced canine distemper encephalomyelitis suggested that when grouped by age, csf electrophoretic values are helpful in predicting the cns histopathologic changes in dogs with naturally acquired canine distemper encephalomyelitis.
Blood pressure response to tourniquet use in anesthetized horses
Authors: Copland Virginia Sue , Hildebrand Susan V. , Hill Thomas , Wong Pauline , Brock Nancy
Published: February 2025

Blood pressure during anesthesia and surgery was compared for 2 groups of horses. Croup A, consisting of 23 horses, had a tourniquet placed on the distal portion of a limb. The other group of 20 horses (group B) had surgery of comparable nature and duration as did group-A horses, but a tourniquet was not used. There, was a statistical difference (P < 0.05) in the peak systolic arterial blood pressure between the groups; group-A horses had a mean (± sem) peak of 151 ± 6 mm of Hg and group-B horses had a peak of 118 ± 4 mm of Hg. In addition, group-A horses had immediate decrease in blood pressure, coincident with tourniquet deflation. The blood pressure decrease of 23 ± 3 mm of Hg represented 16% of immediate predeflation blood pressure. Comparable blood pressure decrease was not observed at the end oj surgery in group-B horses. Significant difference was not found when other factors that could affect blood pressure were considered. These factors included preanesthetic medication, anesthetic agents, mode of ventilation, pretouniquet inflation blood pressure, and duration of tourniquet inflation. Significant (P < 0.05) difference in peak blood pressure was observed when the tourniquet was placed on the dependent, compared with the uppermost, limb, with changes more pronounced when the tourniquet was placed on the dependent limb. Tourniquet placement was associated with hypertension, and tourniquet deflation was associated with hypertension, and tourniquet deflation with blood pressure decrease in these anesthe tized horses.
Isolation of Eubacterium suis from sows with cystitis
Authors: Walker Richard L. , MacLachlan N. James
Published: February 2025

Eubacterium suis was isolated from the bladders of 3 of 64 sows (4.7%) examined at slaughter. Two of the sows had cystitis similar to other descriptions of E suis infections in sows. There was no histologic evidence of cystitis in the third sow from which E suis was recovered. In all 3 instances, a mixed infection was present. Other bacteria present were predominantly gram-positive organisms.

Eubacterium suis cystitis may be more prevalent than previously suspected. The special culture conditions required to grow this organism may account for the paucity of reports in the United States.
Surgical treatment of septic pedal osteitis in horses: Nine cases (1980-1987)
Authors: Gaughan Earl M. , Rendano Victor T. , Ducharme Normand G.
Published: February 2025

Over an 8-year period, 9 horses with septic pedal osteitis were admitted to the New York State College of Veterinary Medicine. Septic pedal osteitis was defined by the presence of purulent exudate combined with radiographic evidence of lysis of the distal phalanx. The condition described involved only the distal phalanx, the laminae and hoof wall, and the soft tissues of the sole. Treatment included curettage and removal of the affected portion of the distal phalanx through a ventral approach to the foot, combined with systemic administration of antibiotics. Of the 9 horses, 7 returned to soundness and original function within 12 weeks after surgery. During the early postoperative period, 2 horses died from causes unrelated to the surgery or to septic pedal osteitis.
Endoscopic appearance of gastric lesions in foals: 94 cases (1987-1988)
Authors: Murray Michael J.
Published: February 2025

Of 183 foals examined by use of gastroendoscopy during 1987 and 1988, 94 had gastric lesions. Sixty-eight of 120 foals in the 1- to 85-day-old age range had endoscopically confirmed gastric lesions, and 26 of 63 foals in the 90- to 310-day-old age range had gastric lesions. Lesions were observed most frequently in the stratified squamous mucosal epithelium, particularly adjacent to the margo plicatus. Lesions were observed in the gastric glandular mucosa in 26 of the 94 foals with gastric lesions, and with a greaterfrequency in foals with a clinical disorder than in foals with no disorder (27% vs 3%).

In young foals, lesions were consistently observed in the stratified squamous mucosal epithelium adjacent to the margo plicatus along the greater curvature of the stomach at 2 specific sites. These lesions were frequently associated with desquamation of the stratified squamous mucosal epithelium, which was observed in 69 of the 82 foals ≤30 days old and in 13 of the 101 foals >30 days old. Lesions in the stratified squamous mucosal epithelium adjacent to the margo plicatus were associated with concurrent clinical disorders in foals >90 days old, but developed with identical frequency in foals <90 days old with or without a clinical disorder.

Lesions in the stratified squamous mucosal epithelium along the lesser curvature of the stomach were observed only in foals with concurrent clinical disorder, and with a higher frequency in foals >90 days old than in younger foals (24% vs 3%).
Frequencies of feline blood groups in the united states
Authors: Giger Urs , Kilrain Clayton G. , Filippich Lucio J. , Bell Kevin
Published: February 2025

A survey of AB blood group frequencies among cats in the United States was undertaken, using feline blood typing reagents from Australia. We typed blood of 280 cats of both genders and various breeds within the Philadelphia area and 205 cats at 27 veterinary medical teaching hospitals (most cats had been used as blood donors in 1987) throughout the United States. All but 2 cats had type-A blood. A Himalayan cat in Philadelphia and a domestic shorthair cat from Florida, neither of which had been used as a blood donor, had type-B blood. Plasma of the 2 blood-group-Bcats contained strong isoagglutiniri (>1:8 titer) against type-A cells, thereby allowing their detection in a major cross-match test. Approximately 30% of tested plasma samples from blood-group-A cats had weak isoagglutinins (1:2 titer) against type-B cells. This limited survey suggests that cats in the United States, including blood donors, predominantly have type-A blood, and that blood-group-B cats are rare.
Peritoneal dialysis in dogs and cats: 27 cases (1976-1987)
Authors: Crisp M. Susan , Chew Dennis J. , DiBartola Stephen P. , Birchard Stephen J.
Published: February 2025

The records of 25 dogs and 2 cats treated with peritoneal dialysis during an 11-year period were evaluated. The indications for peritoneal dialysis were acute renal failure in 21 animals, chronic renal failure in 5 animals, and azotemia of undetermined cause in 1 animal. Peritoneal dialysis resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in serum urea nitrogen concentration in 19 of the dogs and a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in serum creatinine in 20 dogs. The most common complication of peritoneal dialysis was hypoalbuminemia (11 animals affected). Other common complications were dialysate retention/catheter obstruction (8 animals), peritonitis (6 animals). hypochloremia (6 animals), and subcutaneous leakage of dialysate (6 animals). Twelve dogs and 2 cats died during treatment, 6 dogs were euthanatized, and 1 dog was lost to follow-up evaluation. The remaining 6 dogs survived and were discharged from the hospital after successful peritoneal dialysis.

On the basis of the results of this study, the authors concluded that peritoneal dialysis, although associated with a high complication rate, was a successful technique for reducing azotemia in dogs with acute and chronic renal failure. Survival rates were poor because of the severity of the underlying renal diseases.
Treatment of urinary incontinence in dogs by endoscopic injection of Teflon
Authors: Arnold Susi , Jäger Peter , DiBartola Stephen P. , Lott-Stolz Gret , Hauser Beat , Hubler Madeleine , Casal Margret , Fairburn Adrian , Rusch Peter
Published: February 2025

Twenty-two dogs with urethral sphincter incompetence, nonresponsive to phenylpropanolamine administration, were treated by urethral submucosal injection of Teflon. Urinary continence was achieved in all dogs for at least 2 months. Urinary incontinence recurred in 14 dogs (64%) and was controlled by a second Teflon injection in 11 of 12 dogs (92%). Minor complications included transient stranguria, with or without hematuria, after 4 of 35 injection procedures. One dog had temporary partial urethral obstruction after treatment.
Genetic, immunologic, and pathologic characterization of avian chlamydial strains
Authors: Andersen Arthur A. , Tappe James P.
Published: February 2025

Chlamydia psittaci is a diverse group of organisms that affects birds and mammals. The number of biovars is unknown, and less is known about the number of serovars. Our restriction endonuclease analysis indicates that there are at least 5 biovars including avian, abortion-enteritis, ipa, M56, and gpic. Monoclonal antibody studies revealed 4 serovars in the avian biovar. Monoclonal antibody studies have not yet been performed to identify multiple serovars in the other biovars; however, microimmunoassay studies indicate that a number of serovars may exist in the abortion and arthritis biovars. Of the 4 avian serovars, 2 are of major importance in the US avian population. These 2 serovars, psittacine and turkey, are each assodated with important host preferences and disease characteristics. The turkey isolates have all been associated with either a serious disease in birds or human beings or with major epizootics in turkeys, often resulting in human disease. The psittacine serovar has been associated with serious disease in human beings; however, human involvement is usually limited to sporadic cases following exposure to companion birds or pigeons. The other 2 serovars, German duck and wc, are single isolates and their distributions and disease characteristics are not known.
Chlamydial vaccines
Authors: Schnorr Ken L.
Published: February 2025

With few exceptions, immunity from chlamydiosis availed by current vaccines is limited and can even be detrimental. Possible reasons for failure include immunotype or strain differences, ill-defined virulence variation, presentation of deleterious antigens, and incorrect presentation of critical antigens to the body.

Antigens that stimulate neutralizing antibodies active at 2 steps of infection have been identified. A third step, prevention of phagolysosomal fusion, needs to be further studied, and causal antigens need to be identified. A fourth possible stage for antibody participation is in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. If chlamydial antigens are expressed on the surface of infected cells, this mechanism of destruction of infected cells and the antigens that elicit it will need to be more fully examined.

Cell-mediated immune responses participating in eliminating chlamydial infections need to be further clarified. Activated macrophages are the best characterized effector mechanism of cell-mediated immunity thus far, regardless of the stimulatory cytokines involved. It is important to determine how sensitized lymphocytes recognize antigen(s) that cause them to release macrophage-activating cytokines. It must be determined whether chlamydial antigens are expressed on the surface of infected cells and then recognized by potential cytokine-releasing lymphocytes in context with major histocompatibility antigens (surface expression) or whether they are recognized on antigen-presenting cells functioning in more of a scavenging capacity.

Membrane expression of antigen is also important in that it also defines whether cytotoxic T cells and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity have roles in resistance to chlamydial infection. Also, it is important to realize the possible limitation of these mechanisms to systemic sites of the body. If membrane expression does occur, it must be determined how it functions at mucosal sites, whether it occurs at the luminal surface of mucosal epithelial cells only, or whether there is expression of antigens at abluminal membrane surfaces perhaps more accessible to such immune effector mechanisms.

Delivery of critical antigens to the individual is the final component in establishing effective vaccines. Carrier systems capable of stimulating long-lasting mucosal and systemic immunity are available and need to be further studied as protective immunogens become available.
Serologic status of pseudorabies virus in growing-finishing pigs in quarantined herds
Authors: Morrison Robert B. , Thawley David G.
Published: February 2025

It has been reported that pseudorabies virus (prv) stops spreading within growing-finishing sections of a large percentage of infected farrow-to-finish herds. This study was designed to follow the prv status of growing-finishing pigs in a sample of infected herds. Fifteen infected herds were selected, of which 11 had seropositive finishing pigs and 4 had seronegative fnishing pigs. These herds were visited quarterly for one year, and a cross section of growing-finishing pigs was tested for the presence of anti-prv antibodies. The 4 herds that initially were seronegative remained seronegative, whereas of the 11 herds initially seropositive, 4 remained seropositive, 4 became seronegative, and 3 became temporarily seronegative before becoming seropositive again. Three characteristic serologic profiles were observed: one indicating continued viral spread; one indicating no spread for at least the preceding 3 months; and one indicating that prv spread had recently ceased in this section of the herd. Results of our study indicated that periodic monitoring of a cross section of the growing-finishing pigs for their prv serologic status was valuable for determining whether prv was actively spreading in this section of the herd.
Juvenile cellulitis in dogs: 15 cases (1979–1988)
Authors: White Stephen D. , Rosychuk Rodney A. W. , Stewart Laurie J. , Cape Lysanne , Hughes Barbara J.
Published: February 2025

The records of 15 dogs diagnosed as having juvenile cellulitis (juvenile pyoderma, puppy strangles) were evaluated for clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic results. Mandibular lymphadenopathy was observed in 14 dogs, and was not associated with skin lesions in 5 dogs. Edema, pustules, papules, or crusts were noticed periorally, periocularly, on the chin or muzzle, or in the ears of those dogs with skin lesions. Eight dogs were lethargic; fever and anorexia were inconsistent findings. Four dogs had signs of pain on manipulation of their joints.

Complete blood counts revealed leukocytosis with neutrophilia in 4 dogs, and normocytic, normochromic anemia in 6 dogs. Three dogs had suppurative lymphadenitis with many neutrophils. Cytology of the aspirate of pustules or abscesses in 6 dogs revealed many neutrophils without bacteria. Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp were isolated from draining lesions in 2 dogs. Intact abscesses and lymph nodes were negative for bacterial growth in 4 dogs. Three of these dogs were being administered antibiotics at the time of bacterial culturing. Cytology of the aspirates of joints in 3 of the 4 dogs with joint pain revealed suppurative arthritis with no bacteria, and the aspirates were negative for bacterial growth on culturing, although all 3 dogs were being administered antibiotics at the time of culturing. Of 12 dogs initially treated with antibiotics, only 4 (33%) responded favorably; the other 8 dogs were then given antibiotics and corticosteroids. Three dogs were initially given antibiotics and corticosteroids. All dogs treated concurrently with antibiotics and corticosteroids responded favorably. One of these dogs had a relapse after treatment was discontinued. The concurrent arthritis in 4 of the dogs resolved with treatment of the juvenile cellulitis and did not redevelop once the medication was discontinued. Concurrent treatment with antibiotics (cephalosporins) and prednisone (2.2 mg/kg of body weight/day) was the most consistently effective treatment in the dogs in this study.
Estimation of the cost of pneumonia in swine herds
Authors: Straw Barbara E. , Tuovinen Veikko K. , Bigras-Poulin Michel
Published: February 2025

The data from studies of pneumonia, in which growth rate and feed conversion were measured, were examined with respect to the expected change in feed efficiency associated with a specific reduction in growth rate attributable to pneumonia in a swine herd. Information from 5 other studies was used to determine the expected reduction in growth rate that would be associated with the severity of pneumonia in the herd as determined by lesions recorded at slaughter. Together these calculations provide a reasonable estimation of the economic loss associated with pneumonia in a swine herd.
Efficacy of ivermectin in the treatment of induced Parascaris equorum infection in pony foals
Authors: DiPietro J. A. , Lock T. F. , Todd K. S. , Davis J. L.
Published: February 2025

Eighteen pony foals inoculated with 1,500 ± 109 infective Parascaris equorum eggs were given 0.02 ml of ivermectin vehicle (liquid) /kg of body weight, po, (control); 0.2 mg of ivermectin paste/kg, po; or 0.2 mg ivermectin liquid/kg, po, on postinoculation day (pid) 28. Foals were euthanatized on pid 42, and the small intestinal contents were examined for P equorum larvae. The mean number of fourth-stage P equorum larvae in foals treated with ivermectin paste and liquid were 3.5 and 6, respectively. Significantly (P < 0.01) higher mean numbers of larvae (1,250) were detected in foals treated with ivermectin vehicle. Larvae recovered from foals treated with ivermectin vehicle were of significantly (P < 0.002) longer mean length than those from foals treated with ivermectin paste or liquid. Gross examination of lungs and liver revealed similar pathologic changes from the migration of P equorum in all foals. Adverse reaction to treatment was not observed.
Surgical correction of concomitant cranioventral abdominal wall, caudal sternal diaphragmatic, and pericardial defects in young dogs
Authors: Bellah Jamie R. , Whitton Doris L. , Ellison Gary W. , Phillips Lesley
Published: February 2025

Seven puppies with concomitant congenital cranioventral abdominal wall, caudal sternal, diaphragmatic, and pericardial defects were treated surgically when they were between 10 and 12 weeks old. Three pups had ventricular septal defects that were not corrected. Diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy without extension of the diaphragmatic defect was performed in 6 pups. In one pup, paracostal extension of the diaphragmatic defect was necessary to decrease tension on the diaphragmatic closure. All pups were healthy at 6-month follow-up examinations, but 2 of 3 pups with ventricular septal defects had moderate generalized cardiomegaly evident on thoracic radiography. Early surgical correction of the congenital defects in these pups was usually simple because there were few or no thoracic adhesions, the dogs were small, the defects were small in 6 of 7 dogs, and the costal arch was pliable in each dog.
The spectral discretization of the second-order wave equation
Authors: Abdelwahed Mohamed , Chorfi Nejmeddine
Published: February 2025

In this paper we deal with the discretization of the second order wave equation by the implicit Euler scheme for the time and the spectral method for the space. We prove that the time semi discrete and the full discrete problems are well posed. We show an optimal error estimates related to both variables time and space.
Skew-symmetric matrices related to the vector cross product in ℂ7
Authors: Beites P. D. , Nicolás A. P. , Vitória José
Published: February 2025

Skew-symmetric matrices of order 7 defined through the 2-fold vector cross product in ℂ7, and other related matrices, are presented. More concretely, matrix properties, namely invertibility, nullspace, powers and index, are studied. As a consequence, results on vector cross product equations, vector cross product differential equations and vector cross product difference equations in ℂ7 are established.
Friedmann equations as n-dimensional dynamical system
Authors: Branković Danijela
Published: February 2025

In this paper we study dynamics of the standard cosmological model of the universe assuming that it is filled with n types of non-interacting barotropic perfect fluids. For that purpose, a dynamical system of a class of Lotka-Volterra dynamical systems is derived, that consists of n nonlinear differential equations of the first order, whose dependent variables are density parameters of the material in the universe. Analytical solution of that system represents new parametrization of density parameters. Moreover, we perceive the evolution of the universe in the frame of the linear stability theory.
A note on minimal resolutions of vector–spread Borel ideals
Authors: Crupi Marilena , Ficarra Antonino
Published: February 2025

We consider vector–spread Borel ideals. We show that these ideals have linear quotients and thereby we determine the graded Betti numbers and the bigraded Poincaré series. A characterization of the extremal Betti numbers of such a class of ideals is given. Finally, we classify all Cohen–Macaulay vector–spread Borel ideals.
Semi r-ideals of commutative rings
Authors: Khashan Hani A. , Celikel Ece Yetkin
Published: February 2025

For commutative rings with identity, we introduce and study the concept of semi r-ideals which is a kind of generalization of both r-ideals and semiprime ideals. A proper ideal I of a commutative ring R is called semi r-ideal if whenever a
2 ∈ I and Ann
R(a) = 0, then a ∈ I. Several properties and characterizations of this class of ideals are determined. In particular, we investigate semi r-ideal under various contexts of constructions such as direct products, localizations, homomorphic images, idealizations and amalagamations rings. We extend semi r-ideals of rings to semi r-submodules of modules and clarify some of their properties. Moreover, we define submodules satisfying the D-annihilator condition and justify when they are semi r-submodules.
Fibonacci and Lucas Polynomials in n-gon
Authors: Kuloğlu Bahar , Özkan Engin , Marin Marin
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we bring into light, study the polygonal structure of Fibonacci polynomials that are placed clockwise on these by a number corresponding to each vertex. Also, we find the relation between the numbers with such vertices. We present a relation for obtained sequence in an n-gon yielding the m-th term formed at k vertices. Also, we apply these situations to Lucas polynomials and find new recurrence relations. Then, the numbers obtained by writing the coefficients of these polynomials in step form are shown in OEIS.
Two-dimensional cyclic codes over a finite chain ring
Authors: Garg Disha , Dutt Sucheta
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we have determined the generators and rank of a 2D cyclic code of length mn over a finite chain ring ℛ with residue field 𝔽
q
, where m is arbitrary and q ≡ 1(mod n). Further, we have obtained a necessary and sufficient condition for a 2D cyclic code over a finite chain ring ℛ to be MHDR. Some examples of 2D cyclic codes have been constructed and ranks of these 2D cyclic codes have been calculated by us. We have also given a few examples of 2D cyclic codes over some finite chain rings, which are MHDR.
The Extraordinary World of Sulphur Part 2
Authors: Szydło Zbigniew A.
Published: February 2025

Sulphur is a highly reactive element, and is therefore able to enter into a wide variety of chemical combinations, resulting in the formation of compounds of widely differing properties. Reactions involving sulphur, and the compounds which they produce, have stimulated and inspired people throughout the ages. Sulphur has always been associated with volcanoes, fires and smells. However, its story goes much further; sulphur is present in thousands of products of the chemical industry, which are in everyday use. These include car batteries, tyres, matches, paints, paper, textiles, food, detergents and pharmaceuticals. In Part 1 of this essay, the evolution of the role of sulphur in the history of mankind has been explained, through the lenses of etymology, geology, literature, art and chemistry. In Part 2, the role of sulphur in biochemistry and chemical technology is reviewed. In presenting these facets of the world of sulphur, a case is established, to show that sulphur is one of the most useful and interesting substances known to Man.
Microwave-Aided Nitration of Phenol with Inorganic Nitrates: Inquiry-Based Learning Experiments
Authors: Morávková Zuzana , Havlíček Jiří , Doležal Rafael , Bílek Martin , Kolář Karel
Published: February 2025

Current trends in organic synthesis as well as in chemistry education highlight the principles of Green chemistry and call for new synthetic procedures that conform to the actual ecological and economic requirements according to the Green deal and other global challenges. This includes, for instance, replacement of aggressive and toxic reagents, optimisation of synthetic protocols to achieve the highest possible yields within the shortest reaction times, lowering the reaction temperature, solvent recycling and waste minimisation. Considering the present technological advances, replacement of classical heating by microwave irradiation turns out to be an important tool of Green chemistry that permits significant reduction of the reaction time and increase of the yield under certain conditions. In chemistry education alike, several teaching experiments have also been reported in the latest literature to show advantages of the microwave-aided synthesis of various organic compounds or to elucidate basic chemical reactivity principles (e.g. direct carboxamide synthesis, aromatic sulphonation with rearrangement). In the present study, we design a Green chemistry education project focused on microwave-aided nitration of phenol by a set of inorganic metal nitrates (i.e. sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, copper(II) nitrate, iron(III) nitrate) in concentrated acetic acid. These inquiry-based learning experiments proceed very easily, and the reaction conditions can be controlled to achieve the first, the second or even the third degree of nitration. Along with a necessary minimum of chemistry knowledge and skills, the proposed educational experiments on microwave-aided synthesis encourage students to explore the influence of the inorganic nitrate structure on the phenol nitration products. The basic relationship between the properties of reactants and the course of this interesting organic reaction can be easily monitored by universal pH papers and thin-layer chromatography, and subsequently explained through inductive reasoning. As such, these student-centred experiments are suitable for implementation in inquiry-based chemistry education at universities or high schools oriented in natural sciences.
Engaging in Online Environmental Discussion: Experiences and Reflections of Students in an Undergraduate Science Course
Authors: Kazempour Mahsa
Published: February 2025

Environmental and sustainability-focused education plays an integral role in positively influencing students’ levels of environmental awareness, competencies, and adoption of sustainable decision making and behavioral practices. Media and information technology have been identified as possible factors influential in shaping the youths’ level of environmental literacy and perceptions of environmental issues. Yet, due to format and scope of coverage and lack of emphasis on the importance of the environment and consequences of human action, the role of mass media may at times be inadequate or unsuitable, leading to eco-anxiety. The literature on the connection of students’ media and information literacy (MIL) and environmental literacy (EL), especially in college settings, remains scarce. This mixed-method study explored the experiences of students in an introductory college science course with a weekly discussion forum designed to engage them in learning about environmental issues through various media platforms and participation in peer discussions. This study examined the types of environmental topics students focused on and students’ experiences and reflections as they engaged in environmentally focused media content and peer discussion. The findings indicated that students obtained mainly national and international news stories from major mainstream news media outlets, followed by online science or environment-focused news outlets. They gained awareness of environmental concerns in various geographical locations, the negative impact of human activity on the environment, as well as various means of positive human impact through ecological footprint reduction solutions and actions.
Using Large Scale Summative Tests to Advance the Integration of Sustainable Development Competencies: A Model for Test Construction
Authors: Williams-McBean Clavia T.
Published: February 2025

There is an urgent need for global citizens to develop sustainable development competencies (SDCs) if our world is to survive threats to its development and sustainability. These competencies can be developed through education for sustainable development (ESD). However, implementing ESD is challenged by teachers’ and students’ prioritisation of the assessed curriculum while ESD remains largely unassessed in the education sector. The knowledge, skills, values and attitudes reflected in tests and assessments, especially large-scale, standardised, summative tests, influence classroom practices considerably. This paper proposes that the integration of SDCs can be accelerated by constructing large-scale tests to measure these competencies, thereby capitalising on the influence of the tests. It presents a model for constructing these tests and provides ways in which the format of multiple choice and extended written response items may be optimised to measure SDCs.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Teachers’ Digital Competences
Authors: Gündüzalp Seda , Yaraş Zübeyde
Published: February 2025

Global events have become a driving force for digital transformation in education. In the digital transformation process, education systems have started to evolve within a digital infrastructure and have gone beyond traditional education patterns. This process has reshaped education systems and increased the importance of digital competence. Therefore, in this digital transformation process, teachers’ digital competence levels have emerged as a critical concept for the sustainability of education systems and the effectiveness and efficiency of education, and as a prerequisite for the effectiveness of learning processes. As a result, many academic studies have been conducted in recent years to investigate this need. The aim of this research is to analyze academic studies that focus on teachers’ digital competence using bibliometric analysis methods. Among the results, it was found that the number of publications has been steadily increasing, with Spain being the country that produces the most publications in the field concerning teacher digital competence.
Unlearning Dance: Reclaiming the Power of Dancing
Authors: Ginkevičiūtė Ieva , Gin Indre
Published: February 2025

The Unlearning Dance: Reclaiming the Power of Dancing research workshops, led by artists and educators Agus Margiyanto, Ieva Ginkevičiūtė, Indrė Gin, and Retno Sulistyorini, explore the unlearning dance process. This ongoing collective research aims to reconsider institutionalised and commercialised narratives in dance across various contexts, as these narratives often restrict personal expression and marginalise diverse cultural and individual perspectives. Through workshops and collaborative inquiry, the authors explore entrenched habits in dance education in terms of the body, myths, and power dynamics. The research workshops draw attention to how participants reconnect with their embodied memories, discover movement habits, and reclaim dance as subjective and inclusive practice. Ultimately, this research expands the understanding of dance as an evolving, decentralised form of expression, with significant implications for both education and performance.
The Dancing We
Authors: Buttingsrud Camille , Kilsgaard Ellen
Published: February 2025

In the 2023 intergenerational dance project Superpower Ensemble, the participants were chosen for their individual qualities to form a greater ‘we’ as a group. The children added spontaneity and playfulness, whereas the adult artists inspired the children with their artistic practice, professionalism, and direction. In this article, we aim to describe the subtle processes a choreographer initiates to achieve the intended aesthetic and ethical results. Our case story is Superpower Ensemble, and the theme investigated through the case story is ‘we-ness’. By describing these processes and this theme, we seek to demonstrate some of the manifold forms of knowledge possessed by dancers, choreographers, and artists. Their practically gained expertise in being, being together, and being in the world has the potential to reach far beyond the artistic realm. Their findings align with academic insights into metaphysical, philosophical realms. To show the latter, we outline certain theoretical and philosophical discoveries that reinforce the findings unearthed and explored through the bodily–affective dance work in Superpower Ensemble.
The Role of Well-Being as a Value in Students’ Health-Conscious Lifestyles in the Context of the Role of Daily Physical Education
Authors: Moravecz Marianna , Kovács Karolina Eszter
Published: February 2025

The Geneva Charter for Well-being (2021) states that for the health and well-being of the planet, society, community and individuals, we must support changes in social structures that help people take control of their own lives and health. The crisis of sport and health as values may also indirectly affect the value preferences of the younger generation regarding their lifestyle choices and the vision of society. The research investigates the impact of value transfer beyond the apparent boundaries of sport on the lifestyle and well-being of university students who regularly participate in sport and those who are physically passive. 1521 students learning at the University of Debrecen and the University of Nyíregyháza completed our online questionnaire, which integrated questions on socio-demographic background, physical health status, mental status, stress workload, risk index, physical activity index, eating patterns and value preferences. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were applied. Our study values suggest an increasing search for a sense of safety in the age group, independent of sporting activity (this may also raise questions about the social background of the disadvantaged region). Our results show that students mainly emphasised the “open” or post-material value dimension of individual autonomy in the relationship between sports activity and value orientation. A complex mechanism of action can be experienced when examining value orientations, so we cannot show any causal links in our analysis. This study highlights the complex relationships between personal values and health behaviours among university students. It reveals that material, traditional and autonomy-oriented values influence health perceptions and certain lifestyle choices The relevance and novelty of our study is that the new generation of students who have already participated in the new implementation process in physical education and who have already been involved in the public education system has not yet been studied from this point of view.
Differences in Balance Ability Between Female Dancers and Active Non-Dancers
Authors: Bochenek Marcin , Sacewicz Tomasz , Cieśliński Igor
Published: February 2025

Introduction.
Balance is used in almost every movement task; it is a complex process that requires control and is based on the interaction of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems. It depends on many external and internal factors, which include genetics, age, center of gravity, support area, emotional state, concentration, strength, coordination skills, flexibility, and visual control, as well as the frequency of participation in motor activities and training status. The study aimed to compare the balance of female dancers and non-dancers using the MyoPressure-T Noraxon FDM-T AC 5000m baroresistive treadmill.

Material and Methods.
The study involved a total of 128 women aged 20-26 in two groups: dancing and non-dancing. Based on the tests performed, the center of gravity deflection, the length of the COP (center of pressure) path, and the reaction of ground forces in both groups were analyzed. Additionally, an analysis of lower limb loads during walking and running was performed using the parameter Force max. [N] – maximum pressure force. The hypotheses of normal distribution were rejected using the Shapiro-Wilk test for all variables. The hypotheses of equal variance for all variables were rejected using the F test. The nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used to assess the significance of differences and the effect size between the study groups.

Results.
The results of the dancers (95% confidence ellipse area) were better than those of the control group. This is visible in both the Romberg test with open and closed eyes. In the case of COP average velocity, there are no differences with open eyes, but statistically significant differences appeared in the test with closed eyes. The analysis of Maximum Force, N, during walking did not show statistically significant differences between the groups. They appeared only while running in favor of the dancers.

Conclusions.
The study results confirm the hypothesis that women who dance have better static balance than women who do not participate in dance classes. The study provides new evidence regarding balance in dancers and non-dancers.