bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of DNA Cryptography
Authors: Chu Ling , Su Yanqing , Yao Xiangyu , Xu Peng , Liu Wenbin
Published: December 2024

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the oldest natural storage medium, offers a highly promising mode for information computing and storage with its high information density, low maintenance costs, and the ability to do parallel processing. DNA cryptography is an emerging discipline focused on achieving information security within this new paradigm. In this paper, we first present the foundational concepts of cryptography and biological technologies involved in DNA cryptography. We then comprehensively review 2 types of DNA cryptography: pseudo-DNA cryptography and natural DNA cryptography. After summarizing and discussing the security foundations of these cryptographic methods, we highlight the main challenges relating to measurability, standard protocols, robustness, and operability. Finally, we outline future directions for DNA cryptography, hoping to facilitate the evolution of this nascent field.
A Review of Agricultural Film Mapping: Current Status, Challenges, and Future Directions
Authors: Zhang Mengmeng , Dong Jinwei , Ge Quansheng , Hasituya  , Hao Pengyu
Published: December 2024

Agricultural film plays a vital role in enhancing land productivity. However, concerns have arisen regarding its impact on ecology and soil environment. Accurate and timely agricultural film maps are critical for supporting strategic agricultural planning and predicting environmental impacts. In this paper, we summarized the current status of agricultural film mapping, including plastic greenhouses (PGs) and plastic-mulched farmland (PMF), from the evolution of remote sensing data, sample sources, spectral-temporal-spatial features, and advantages and disadvantages of classification algorithms. The findings revealed that medium- and low-resolution images were used for large-scale PGs and PMF mapping, while high-resolution images were combined with deep learning to extract local deep information. The synergy between the spectral, temporal, and spatial features can definitely improve classification accuracy, especially through object-based classification methods. Deep learning has apparent advantages than traditional machine learning algorithms in extracting PGs details, rarely used for mapping PMF. There are some problems, i.e., the diversity of film types, the difference of coverage time, and the variation of spectral properties, which lead to the scarcity of large-scale PGs and PMF maps despite numerous efforts in agricultural film mapping. To advance the field, future directions should focus on combining multi-source data, collaborating spectral-temporal-spatial features to extract types, start-end dates, and durations of mulching, and expanding from local to national or global scales. The accurate and timely agricultural film maps are expected to support effective land management, rationalize human land use behavior, and inform policy formulation for environmental sustainability.
Engineering Active Interfaces on the Surface of Porous Single-Crystalline TiO
2
Monoliths for Enhanced Catalytic Activity and Stability
Authors: Lin Huang , Luo Cong , Cheng Fangyuan , Xie Kui
Published: December 2024

The engineering design and construction of active interfaces represents a promising approach amidst numerous initiatives aimed at augmenting catalytic activity. Herein, we present a novel approach to incorporate interconnected pores within bulk single crystals for the synthesis of macroscopic porous single-crystalline rutile titanium oxide (R-TiO
2
). The porous single crystal (PSC) R-TiO
2
couples a nanocrystalline framework as the solid phase with pores as the fluid phase within its structure, providing unique advantages in localized structure construction and in the field of catalysis. We successfully construct well-defined Ni cluster/TiO
2
active interfaces by directly confining Ni clusters on the continuous lattice surface of PSC R-TiO
2
. We confirm that the lattice oxygen connected to the Ni clusters exhibits exceptional activation capability at temperatures close to room temperature compared to the pure phase PSC R-TiO
2
monoliths. The PSC Ni/TiO
2
catalyst demonstrates complete CO oxidation and stable catalytic performance during continuous operation in air at ~80 °C for 200 h.
All-Optically Controlled Memristive Device Based on Cu
2
O/TiO
2
Heterostructure Toward Neuromorphic Visual System
Authors: Xie Jun , Shan Xuanyu , Zou Ningbo , Lin Ya , Wang Zhongqiang , Tao Ye , Zhao Xiaoning , Xu Haiyang , Liu Yichun
Published: December 2024

The optoelectronic memristor integrates the multifunctionalities of image sensing, storage, and processing, which has been considered as the leading candidate to construct novel neuromorphic visual system. In particular, memristive materials with all-optical modulation and complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility are highly desired for energy-efficient image perception. As a p-type oxide material, Cu
2
O exhibits outstanding theoretical photoelectric conversion efficiency and broadband photoresponse. In this work, an all-optically controlled memristor based on the Cu
2
O/TiO
2
/sodium alginate nanocomposite film is developed. Optical potentiation and depression behaviors have been implemented by utilizing visible (680 nm) and ultraviolet (350 nm) light. Furthermore, a 7 × 9 optoelectronic memristive array with satisfactory device variation and environment stability is constructed to emulate the image preprocessing function in biological retina. The random noise can be reduced effectively by utilizing bidirectional optical input. Beneficial from the image preprocessing function, the accuracy of handwritten digit classification increases more than 60%. Our work presents a pathway toward high-efficient neuromorphic visual system and promotes the development of artificial intelligence technology.
Biosynthesis of Lysosomally Escaped Apoptotic Bodies Inhibits Inflammasome Synthesis in Macrophages
Authors: Mao Jiayi , Xia Wenzheng , Wu Yanglin , Li Minxiong , Zhao Yun , Zhai Peisong , Zhang Yuguang , Zan Tao , Cui Wenguo , Sun Xiaoming
Published: December 2024

Hyperglycemia and bacterial colonization in diabetic wounds aberrantly activate Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) in macrophages, resulting in extensive inflammatory infiltration and impaired wound healing. Targeted suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome shows promise in reducing macrophage inflammatory disruptions. However, challenges such as drug off-target effects and degradation via lysosomal capture remain during treatment. In this study, engineered apoptotic bodies (BHB-dABs) derived from adipose stem cells loaded with β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) were synthesized via biosynthesis. These vesicles target M1-type macrophages, which highly express the folic acid receptor in the inflammatory microenvironment, and facilitate lysosomal escape through 1,2-distearoyl-
sn
-propyltriyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine–polyethylene glycol functionalization, which may enhance the efficacy of NLRP3 inhibition for managing diabetic wounds. In vitro studies demonstrated the biocompatibility of BHB-dABs, their selective targeting of M1-type macrophages, and their ability to release BHB within the inflammatory microenvironment via folic acid and folic acid receptor signaling. These nanovesicles exhibited lysosomal escape, anti-inflammatory, mitochondrial protection, and endothelial cell vascularization properties. In vivo experiments demonstrated that BHB-dABs enhance the recovery of diabetic wound inflammation and angiogenesis, accelerating wound healing. These functionalized apoptotic bodies efficiently deliver NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors using a dual strategy of targeting macrophages and promoting lysosomal escape. This approach represents a novel therapeutic strategy for effectively treating chronic diabetic wounds.
Recent Advances in Indocyanine Green-Based Probes for Second Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging and Therapy
Authors: Hu Dehong , Zha Menglei , Zheng Hairong , Gao Duyang , Sheng Zonghai
Published: December 2024

Fluorescence imaging, a highly sensitive molecular imaging modality, is being increasingly integrated into clinical practice. Imaging within the second near-infrared biological window (NIR-II; 1,000 to 1,700 nm), also referred to as shortwave infrared, has received substantial attention because of its markedly reduced autofluorescence, deeper tissue penetration, and enhanced spatiotemporal resolution as compared to traditional near-infrared (NIR) imaging. Indocyanine green (ICG), a US Food and Drug Administration-approved NIR fluorophore, has long been used in clinical applications, including blood vessel angiography, vascular perfusion monitoring, and tumor detection. Recent advancements in NIR-II imaging technology have revitalized interest in ICG, revealing its extended tail fluorescence beyond 1,000 nm and reaffirming its potential as a clinically translatable NIR-II fluorophore for in vivo imaging and theranostic applications for diagnosing various diseases. This review emphasizes the notable advances in the use of ICG and its derivatives for NIR-II imaging and image-guided therapy from both fundamental and clinical perspectives. We also provide a concise conclusion and discuss the challenges and future opportunities with NIR-II imaging using clinically approved fluorophores.
Produksi Bawang Merah Tumpangsari Dengan Cabai Pada Beberapa Jarak Tanam
Authors: Despita Rika , Nizar Achmad , Purnomo Dwi , Fernanda Yan
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Bawang merah adalah komoditas yang dibutuhkan masyarakat Indonesia setiap hari sebagai bumbu masak. Produksi bawang merah perlu ditingkatkan seiiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan bawang merah. Salah satu upaya perluasan penanaman bawang merah adalah intensifikasi seperti tumpangsari. Tanaman bawang merah dapat ditumpangsarikan dengan tanaman cabai.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari produksi bawang merah dengan pola tanam tumpangsari pada beberapa jarak tanam. Metode penelitian adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu: tumpangsari, jarak tanam 15 x 15 cm; tumpangsari, jarak tanam 20 x 20 cm; tumpangsari jarak tanam 25 x 25 cm; monokultur, jarak tanam 15 x 15 cm; monokultur 20 x 20 cm; monokultur 25 x 25 cm. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali sehingga diperoleh 24 satuan percobaan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap berat segar umbi, berat umbi kering konsumsi, produksi per ha, jumlah umbi, diameter umbi. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan uji F taraf 5% dan DMRT taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produksi bawang merah dalam satuan ha dengan pola tanam monokultur dan tumpangsari jarak tanam 15 x 15 cm memberikan hasil yang sama. oleh karena itu tumpangsari tanaman bawang merah dengan cabai jarak tanam 15  x 15 cm dapat diterapkan di tingkat petani.
Kata kunci: Produksi, Bawang merah, cabai, tumpangsari
 
ABSTRACT
Shallots are a commodity that Indonesians need every day as a cooking spice. Production needs to be increased in line with the need for shallots. The increase in the planting area of ​​shallots is intensification such as intercropping. Onion plants can be intercropped with chilli plants. This study aims to study the production of shallots with an intercropping cropping pattern at planting distance. The research method was a randomized group with 6 treatments, namely: intercropping, spacing 15 x 15 cm; intercropping, spacing 20 x 20 cm; intercropping with 25 x 25 cm spacing; monoculture, spacing 15 x 15 cm; monoculture 20 x 20 cm; monoculture 25 x 25 cm. Each treatment was repeated 4 times in order to obtain 24 experimental units. Observations were made on tuber fresh weight, dry tuber weight consumption, production per ha, tuber number, tuber diameter. Observation data were analyzed by means of the F test at 5% level and DMRT level 5%. The results showed that the production of ha-1 with a cropping pattern of monoculture and intercropping with a spacing of 15 x 15 cm gave the same results. Therefore, intercropping of shallots with chillies at a spacing of 15 x 15 cm can be applied to farmers.
Keywords: Production, shallots, chillies, intercropping
Perilaku Pengusaha UMKM Olahan Apel Terhadap resiko Usaha dan Dampaknya terhadap Pertumbuhan UMKM
Authors: Faizal Febriananda , Rayesa Neza Fadia , Retnoningsih Dwi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Permasalahan pada sektor UMKM yaitu lemah dalam perencanaan, lemah dalam bekerja sama dengan individu lain baik pemasok, pemodal, maupun dengan pengusaha lain, serta pengusaha mikro belum dapat memposisikan diri sebagai pengusaha yang berkualitas dan subsisten. Menyikapi dari adanya suatu potensi risiko sebuah usaha, maka perilaku pengambilan risiko sangat penting untuk dilakukan oleh para pengusaha. Potensi risiko tersebut dapat mempengaruhi pengambilan keputusan yang akan dilakukan oleh seorang pengusaha, dimana setiap pengusaha memiliki perilaku masing-masing yang kemungkinan berbeda antar pengusaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber risiko dan menganalisis tingkat risiko terhadap perilaku pengusaha olahan apel di Kota Batu. Pengambilan data dan penggalian informasi akan dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan pihak-pihak terkait. Data selanjutnya akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan CE (Certainty Equivalent). Hasil dari analisis akan digunakan untuk merumuskan rekomendasi kebijakan bagi stakeholder dan pemerintah daerah setempat yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan motivasi pengusaha UMKM olahan buah apel di Kota Batu dalam pengambilan keputusan usaha dengan melihat sumber resiko usaha yang ada
Kata kunci— risiko usaha, sumber risiko, perilaku pengusaha, Certainty Equivalent
ABSTRACT
The problems in the MSE sector are weakness in planning, weakness in working with other individuals, both suppliers, investors, and other entrepreneurs, and micro entrepreneurs have not been able to position themselves as qualified and subsistence entrepreneurs. Responding to the existence of a potential risk in a business, it is very important for entrepreneurs to take risk-taking behavior. This potential risk can affect the decision-making to be carried out by an entrepreneur, where each entrepreneur has their own behavior which may differ between entrepreneurs. This study aims to identify sources of risk and analyze the level of risk on the behavior of apple processing entrepreneurs in Batu City. Collecting data and extracting information will be carried out through observation, interviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) with related parties. Further data will be analyzed using the CE (Certainty Equivalent) approach. The results of the analysis will be used to formulate policy recommendations for stakeholders and the local government which aim to increase the motivation of MSME entrepreneurs for processing apples in Batu City in making business decisions by looking at the sources of existing business risks.
Keywords— business risk, risk source, entrepreneur behavior, Certainty Equivalent
Deteksi Aeromonas hydrophila pada Ginjal Mencit Mus musculus dengan Teknik Imunohistokimia
Authors: Bintari Intan Galuh , Yuliani M Gandul Atik
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah Aeromonas hydrophila dapat dideteksi dengan menggunakan teknik imunohistokimia. Imunohistokimia adalah suatu proses untuk mendeteksi antigen (protein, karbohidrat, dll.) Terhadap sel jaringan dengan prinsip reaksi antibodi yang berikatan dengan antigen di dalam jaringan. Parameter penelitian ini adalah interaksi antigen dan antibodi yang divisualisasikan dengan munculnya warna coklat pada ginjal yang diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila. Mencit (Mus musculus) umur tiga bulan seberat 30 gram diinfeksi Aeromonas hydrophila dengan dosis 106 CFU / ml. Setelah seminggu, ginjal disiapkan untuk preparat histopatologi dengan pewarnaan imunohistokimia. Antibodi primer yang digunakan adalah antibodi kelinci (New zealand white) dengan dua perlakuan (P1 dan P2). P1 diinfeksi dengan menggunakan protein spesifik Aeromonas hydrophila 30 kDa dan P2 diinfeksi dengan menggunakan protein utuh Aeromonas hydrophila. Hasilnya ditunjukkan dengan membandingkan P1 dan P2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan warna coklat yang lebih banyak melalui P2 dibandingkan dengan P1.
Kata kunci—Aeromonas hydrophila, Mencit (Mus musculus), Antigen, Teknik Imunohistokimia.
ABSTRACT
This research was aimed to determine whether the Aeromonas hydrophila can be detected by using immunohistochemistry technique. Immunohistochemistry was a process to detect antigens (proteins, carbohydrates, etc.) towards the cells of the tissues with antibodies reaction principle that binded to antigen in the tissues. The parameter of this research was an interaction between antigens and antibodies which were visualized by the appearance of brown color in the kidneys which were infected by Aeromonas hydrophila. The three-month old mice (Mus musculus) with 30 grams of weight were infected by Aeromonas hydrophila with 106 CFU/ml of doses. After a week, the kidneys were  prepared for histopathology preparation by using immunohistochemistry staining. The primary antibodies used were rabbits’ antibodies (New zealand white) with two treatments (P1 and P2). P1 was infected by using spesific proteins of Aeromonas hydrophila 30 kDa and P2 was infected  by using the whole proteins of Aeromonas hydrophila. The results were showed by comparing P1 and P2. The results showed that there was a difference in the brown color which was more through in P2 compared to P1.
Keywords—Aeromonas hydrophila, Mice (Mus Musculus), Antigens, Immunohistochemistry Technique.
STRATEGI PEMBERDAYAAN USAHA AYAM JOPER PADA PROGRAM BEKERJA DI KECAMATAN PLOSOKLATEN KABUPATEN KEDIRI
Authors: Nugraha Yoga Prasetya , Windari Wahyu , Kristanti Novita Dewi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyusun dan merumuskan strategi pemberdayaan kelompok tani melalui usaha peternakan ayam joper pada program Bedah Kemiskinan Rakyat Sejahtera (BEKERJA). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan atau Research and Development (R&D) dengan model PPE (Planning, Production, evaluation). Populasi dalam penelitian adalah 60 orang anggota kelompok tani “Tani Jaya” dan Tani Maju” Kecamatan Plosoklaten Kabupaten Kediri. Sampel penelitian adalah 60 orang yang ditentukan dengan tenik total sampling atau sensus. Hasil penelitian dari aspek planning menggunakan analisis SWOT didapatkan 15 alternatif strategi pemberdayaan. Aspek production menggunakan analisis QSPM diperoleh 15 alternatif strategi yang telah diprioritaskan. Aspek evaluation melalui expert judgment didapatkan 11 strategi pemberdayaan yang telah tervalidasi. Prioritas utama dari 11 strategi pemberdayaan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan kelompok tani tentang teknis budidaya ayam joper.
Kata kunci: ayam joper, planning, production, evaluation, strategi
 ABSTRACT
This research aims to compile and formulate a strategy for empowering farmer groups through chicken Joper Farms' business on the "Bedah Kemskinan Rakyat Sejahtera (BEKERJA)" program. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) method with PPE (Planning, Production, evaluation) model. The study population was 60 members of "Tani Jaya" and Tani Maju" farmer group in Plosoklaten subdistrict of Kediri Regency. The research sample is 60 persons determined by total sampling techniques or census. The research results from the planning aspect using SWOT analysis gained 15 alternative empowerment strategies. Aspect production using QSPM analysis obtained 15 alternative strategies that have been prioritized. The evaluation aspect through expert judgment acquired 11 validated empowerment strategies. The top priority of 11 empowerment strategies is raising the farmer's knowledge about technical cultivation of Joper Chicken.
Keyword: Joper Chicken, planning, production, evaluation, strategy
Kajian Performa Produksi Ayam Pedaging Pada Sistem Kandang Close House Dan Open House
Authors: Supartini Nonok
Published: December 2024

Dalam pemeliharaan ayam pedaging, faktor lingkungan mempengaruhi kondisi kandang, yang merupakan tempat ayam beristirahat atau beraktivitas. Kondisi kandang yang baik sangat berperan penting terhadap pencapaian produksi performa ternak, sehingga perlu adanya kajian secara ilmiah terhadap model kandang yang di gunakan dalam pemeliharaan ayam pedaging.
Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah control secara langsung di lapangan (observasi). Variabel yang di amati ialah perbedaan produktivitas dari tipe open house dan closed house meliputi indeks performa (IP), mortalitas/kematian, konsumsi pakan, Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR), pertambahan bobot badan (PBB).
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa berat akhir yang paling signifikan yaitu kandang close house dari pada kandang open house Hasil dari perbedaan berat badan ayam pedaging tidak berbeda nyata, mortalitas atau kematian yang paling banyak adalah kandang open house sebesar 3,4% dan kandang closed house sebesar 3,9% lalu konversi pakan atau FCR untuk kandang open house 1,83 lebih tinggi di bandingkan FCR kandang closed house 1,71. dan untuk IP dari kandang open house sebesar 275,15% dan IP dari kandang closed house sebesar 266,81%.
Manfaat, Cara Perbanyakan dan Aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)
Authors: Nurhadi Nunung Nurhadi , Noor Sumardi
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur untuk membahas manfaat, cara perbanyakan dan cara aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Bakteri dalam PGPR sebagian besar berasal dari bakteri dengan gram negatif yang mampu bersimbiosis mutualisme dengan akar tanaman. Strain paling banyak dari bakteri PGPR adalah dari genus Pseudomonas, genus Serratia, genus Azotobacter, genus Azospirillum, genus Acetobacter, genus Burkholderia dan genus Bacillus. Masing-masing bakteri mempunyai peran dan fungsi yang berbeda namun tetap menguntungkan bagi tanaman. Zat yang diproduksi bakteri PGPR yang bermanfaat bagi tanaman adalah: produksi Asam Indol Asetat (IAA), produksi enzim Aminocyclopropane Carboxylic Acid (ACC) deaminase, produksi siderophore, produksi kitinase, produksi glukanase, dan produksi biotin, sementara aktifitas yang menguntungkan tanaman adalah aktifitas pelarutan phospor dan aktifitas nitrogenase. Secara umum Aplikasi PGPR berdampak baik bagi tanaman baik pada parameter pertumbuhan tanaman dan parameter produksi serta akan lebih memberikan dampak positif jika dilakukan mixing dengan aplikasi bahan organik lain seperti fermentasi urin, fermentasi pupuk kandang dan kompos.
 
ABSTRACT
This research is a literature study to examine the benefits, methods of propagation and application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). Most of the bacteria in PGPR come from gram-negative bacteria that are capable of mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots. The most abundant strains of PGPR bacteria were from the genus Pseudomonas, genus Serratia, genus Azotobacter, genus Azospirillum, genus Acetobacter, genus Burkholderia and genus Bacillus. Each bacterium has a different role and function but is still beneficial for plants. Substances produced by PGPR bacteria that are beneficial for plants are: Indole Acetic Acid (IAA), Aminocyclopropane Carboxylic Acid (ACC) deaminase, siderophore, chitinase, glucanase, and biotin, while the activities that benefit plants are the solubilization of phosphorus and nitrogenase activity. In general, the application of PGPR has a good impact both on plant growth parameters and plant production parameters also will have a more positive impact if it is mixed with other organic material applications such as fermented urine, fermented manure and compost.
Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Ternak Itik Pedaging di Kecamatan Kalidawir Kabupaten Tulungagung
Authors: Srianingrum Srianingrum , Likah Sad , Priyanto Bambang
Published: December 2024

ABSTRAK
Kecamatan Kalidawir Kabupaten Tulungagung adalah salah satu daerah yang memiliki populasi itik pedaging cukup banyak. Itik pedaging adalah salah satu jenis unggas yang potensial untuk dikembangkan sebagai penyumbang kebutuhan protein hewani masyarakat. Namun terdapat beberapa hambatan yang menghalangi pengembangan usaha ternak itik di Kecamatan Kalidawir. Maka dari itu, strategi pengembangan sangat diperlukan untuk menunjang kemajuan usaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor internal dan faktor eksternal serta untuk mengetahui strategi yang tepat untuk dapat digunakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada usaha ternak itik pedaging di Kecamatan Kalidawir memiliki kekuatan berupa lokasi usaha strategis, pengalaman kerja yang baik, tersedianya modal, tersedianya tenaga kerja dan kemudahan mendapatkan pakan tambahan. Kelemahan berupa sanitasi kandang kurang optimal, minat belajar peetrnak masih kurang, kurangnya pengetahuan terhadap pembuatan ransum dan belum terdapat catatan keuangan. Peluang berupa permintaan daging itik cukup tinggi, luasnya pemasaran, ketersediaan bibit, kemajuan teknologi media social, terdapat lembaga untuk pengembangan modal. Ancaman berupa perubahan iklim dan cuaca, fluktuasi harga jual daging itik, risiko itik terhadap penyakit, adanya pesaing usaha, kenaikan harga pakan. Strategi yang dapat digunakan berdasarkan matriks SWOT adalah strategi SO yang meliputi mempertahankan kualitas produksi dengan baik dan meningkatkan jaringan pemasaran, mengoptimalkan kualitas produksi bibit dan memanfaatkan alternatif pakan yang ada, menjalin hubungan baik antar pelaku usaha.
Keunggulan dan Penciri Utama Calon Varietas Kangkung RKS 06 pada Dataran Rendah
Authors: Wijayago Ardi , Rajiman Rajiman , Aziza Elea Nur
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the benefits and primary features of the proposed RKS 06 kangkong variety. The study was carried out in January through May 2023 at the Karangsari experimental field of Polytechnic for Agricultural Development in Yogyakarta Magelang, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region. The experimental design was Complete Randomized Block Design (RAKL) with four replications using The RKS 06, Pusaka 33, KNBI001, and KD 99 variety as factors. Qualitative characters such as stem cross-sectional shape, stem color, leaf shape, leaf color, flower form, petal color, flower crown color, and head color were tested. Kangkong flavor, seed color, seed form, and pistil, harvest age, plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf breadth, number of seeds per capsule, weight per plant, kangkong storageability, weight of 1000 seeds, yield per hectare, and seed demand per hectare were tested quantitative features Utilizing analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the 5% BNJ test, observational data were examined. The results demonstrated that the proposed RKS 06 kangkong variety had high production per hectare (21.8 tons/hectare). The primary features of proposed RKS 06 kangkong variety were the shape of elongated spear-shaped leaves with a tapering tip and a dark green stem color (RHS 144B).
Kontribusi Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Terhadap Tingkat Kesejahteraan Rumahtangga Petani di Desa Kedasih, BKPH Sukapura, Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Kustanti Asihing , Priminingtyas Dina Novia , Hanim Faridha , Kusdinar Inge Sylvarosa , Prayoga Reksa Nanda
Published: December 2024

Kawasan hutan sekitar 67% lahan di Indonesia belum optimal dalam pengelolaan secara keseluruhan. Pada sisi lainnya, kawasan hutan dapat berkontribusi terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat sekitarnya, khususnya dalam hal pemanfaatan hasil hutan kayu, non-kayu, dan ekowisata. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hasil hutan yang dibudidayakan di bawah tegakan pohon kayu hutan produksi, sehingga berkontribusi terhadap tingkat kesejahteraan rumahtangga petani di Desa Kedasih, Probolinggo, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode campuran, yaitu kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui wawancara terhadap 35 responden dan 5 informan, dilanjutkan dengan observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan model interaktif dari Miles, Huberman, dan Saldana. Analisis tingkat kesejahteraan ditinjau dari pendapatan masyarakat petani di kawasan hutan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan lahan hutan produksi, tepatnya di bawah tegakan pohon kayu terdapat hasil hutan kayu, non-kayu, dan ekowisata yang dapat dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat sekitar hutan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga. Hasil hutan tersebut, bermanfaat bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi, kesejahteraan sosial, dan keberlanjutan ekologi. Pendapatan masyarakat petani di kawasan hutan sekitar Rp. 5.232.113,00/tahun dengan R/C usahatani adalah 1,19, sehingga sub-sektor kehutanan memberikan kontribusi terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi masyarakat di Kabupaten Probolinggo, Jawa Timur.
Pengaruh Penggunaan ZPT Genus Allium cepa terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.)
Authors: Auliana Dhea Tri , Anggarani Mirwa Adiprahara
Published: December 2024

Pakcoy merupakan sayuran yang digemari masyarakat karena mengandung nutrisi yang tinggi, senyawa alkaloid, fenolik, flavonoid, tannin, triterpenoid, dan steroid dengan sifat antioksidan yang berperan dalam menghambat radikal bebas dalam tubuh. Usahatani pakcoy seringkali menghadapi permasalahan hasil panen pakcoy yang tergolong rendah. Upaya yang dilakukan adalah pemberian Zat Pengatur Tumbuh (ZPT) berbahan dasar bawang merah dan bawang bombay merah yang mengandung fitohormon, yaitu auksin dan giberelin yang berpotensi sebagai ZPT alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak aplikasi antara ZPT bawang merah dengan ZPT bawang bombay merah yang paling optimal dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman pakcoy. Eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) menggunakan variasi ekstrak (0, 15%, 30%, dan 45%) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 6 kali pengulangan. Parameter meliputi tinggi tanaman, keliling daun, jumlah daun, dan biomassa basah. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisa menggunakan sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan uji DMRT pada tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil menunjukkan penggunaan ZPT bawang merah memberikan dampak nyata pada setiap parameter, akan tetapi penggunaan ZPT bawang bombay merah memberikan dampak nyata pada parameter tinggi tanaman, keliling daun, dan biomassa basah. Penggunaan konsentrasi 45% memberikan hasil terbaik pada setiap jenis ZPT yang digunakan. Penggunaan ZPT ekstrak bawang merah 45% memberikan hasil pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman 25,3 cm, keliling daun 28,3 cm, jumlah daun 18 helai, dan biomassa basah 98 gram. Sementara penggunaan ZPT ekstrak bawang bombay merah terbaik pada konsentrasi 45%, memberikan hasil rata-rata tinggi tanaman 24,8 cm, keliling daun 27,8 cm, jumlah daun 17 helai, dan biomassa daun sebesar 90,5 gram.
Evaluation Zero Runoff Concept in High-Rise Buildings
Authors: Abadan Achmad Chakim , Kurniyaningrum Endah , Rinanti Astri , Pontan Darmawan
Published: December 2024

The increasing need for land in urban areas has led to a reduction in green open spaces, limiting water infiltration and increasing surface runoff. Office areas in South Jakarta currently under construction exacerbate these issues due to limited green land. This study evaluates the application of the zero runoff concept by analyzing two key aspects: surface runoff and building wall contributions. Hydrological simulations were conducted to assess planned flood conditions at outlets before and after the construction of tall buildings (offices), with water management strategies involving infiltration wells, infiltration ponds, rainwater reservoirs, and detention reservoirs. Two scenarios were analyzed: the first based on the 95th percentile rainfall volume and the second on flood contribution volumes. Each scenario considered three water runoff management systems: normal outlets, orifice outlets, and pump-assisted drainage. The results show that under the 95th percentile volume, the zero runoff concept is achievable with a capacity exceeding 100% for both scenarios. However, when accounting for flood contributions, only surface runoff with normal outlet conditions meets the zero runoff criteria, achieving a capacity of 112%. Simulations using three models: 1A, 2A, and 3A, demonstrate that pre-construction conditions, characterized by green open spaces with dense vegetation, significantly influence runoff management. These findings emphasize the importance of eco-drainage strategies, such as infiltration wells and retention ponds, in mitigating urban runoff and achieving sustainable water management in high-density areas.
Morphological manifestations of lung pathology in postcovid syndrome according to the results of autopsies for the period 2021-2023
Authors:   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Kogan E. A. , Kichigina O. N. ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Zachariah Atir ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
Published: December 2024

The problem of postcovid syndrome is relevant due to the high incidence of COVID-19, as well as
the lack of awareness of medical professionals about its consequences, the pathogenesis of postcovid
syndrome remains controversial and requires further research. The aim of the study was to determine the
morphological manifestations of lung pathology in postcovid syndrome in 2021-2023 based on the study of
autopsy material. After analyzing retrospective morphological studies of 34 autopsy cases diagnosed with
postcovid syndrome, it was revealed that among the changes in lung tissue, chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (71%), common interstitial pneumonia (44%), bronchopneumonia (26%) and nonspecific interstitial
pneumonia (24%) were the predominant processes. Hemorrhagic heart attacks also attracted attention (9%).
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis, sarcoidosis and adenocarcinoma were more rare (3% each). It is worth noting
that in almost all cases, there were phenomena of vasculitis, fullness and thrombosis of small vessels in the
surrounding lung tissue.
Promising approaches to ischemic stroke therapy
Authors:   South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Osikov M. V. , Shelomentsev A. V. ,   South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Therapeutic Hospital for War Veterans, Shishkova Yu. S. ,   South Ural State Medical University
Published: December 2024

The article analyzes data on promising approaches to the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS)
presented in peer-reviewed sources indexed in the Pubmed and Russian Science Citation Index databases
for the period 2019–2024. It has been demonstrated that the intestinal microbiota enhances neuroprotection
through neuronal pathways, suppresses inflammation, and the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
axis. Analysis of the presented data suggests that the intestinal microbiota can serve as a new therapeutic target in the treatment of ischemic stroke. The authors state that melatonin is a promising therapeutic
molecule in the treatment of IS. Melatonin is able to inhibit oxidative stress. Melatonin inhibits
neuroinflammation in ischemic brain tissue by suppressing the SIRT1 pathway, inhibiting the phenotypic
polarization of microglia to M2, and reducing the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines. The authors noted
that melatonin is an active participant in neurogenesis in the ischemic injury zone through activation of MT1
and MT2 receptors, as well as direct activating effect on calmodulin kinase type 2. The analysis reflects the
role of stem cells. Stem cells, in particular human neural progenitor cells, are able to restore lost nervous
tissue through high neuroregenerative potential, form synaptic connections with intact neurons of the brain.
Bone marrow stem cells have a pronounced migration capacity, which allows them to be delivered to the site
of ischemic brain damage by intravenous administration; mesenchymal stem cells, in addition to high
proliferative potential, modulate neuroinflammation through the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
A study of the practice of self-medication and unmotivated purchases of medicines and dietary supplements by customers of pharmacies in Krasnoyarsk
Authors:   Pskov State University, Galaktionova M. Y. , Tikhonova N. V. ,   Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Professor V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky, Ivanova N. V. ,   Pskov State University, Nemtsova N. M. ,   Pskov State University
Published: December 2024

The article presents a study of the practice of self-medication and unmotivated purchases
of medicines and dietary supplements by customers of pharmacies in Krasnoyarsk. The analysis revealed
a high proportion of people who practice self-medication – 78,5%, and extremely low medical literacy
of clients in terms of purchasing and motivating the choice of medicines and dietary supplements was
determined. The stated problems indicate the need to increase the level of medical literacy and health
culture of the population. In this regard, modern approaches have been identified to accompany the patient
to form the motivation for "responsible self-medication". The noted problems indicate the need to raise
awareness among the customers of pharmacies in Krasnoyarsk regarding the possible negative
consequences of self-medication, as well as the need to increase the level of public health culture.
Role-play and simulated patient as methodologies of developing communication skills and empathy of medical students
Authors:   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Glushchenko V. V. , Ilyashenko N. N. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, Ivanov I. V. ,   Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University
Published: December 2024

The authors have developed a method of psychoeducational psychotherapy within the framework of
restorative treatment of patients by general practitioners using communication skills. A course that includes a
role-play with simulated patients, aimed at developing communication skills and empathy among medical
students is presented. The article analyzes the degree of medical students’ success in developing
communication skills and empathy using a role-playing game with a simulated patient for further use in practical
medicine in terms of psychoeducational psychotherapy for effective communication with patients. The authors
developed a training course that is different from traditional communication training in many ways. The checklist
of the examination station “Gathering information and anamnesis” was used as an assessment tool. Empathy
was assessed using the CARE questionnaire. Medical students demonstrated differentiated verbal and nonverbal communication during the role-play. It is shown in the manuscript that the proposed methodology has
definite advantages, and that more detailed training in non-verbal communication may be required in order to
increase students' awareness of this type of communication, as well as to increase the effectiveness of doctorpatient interaction. The data presented in this study indicate that the proposed methodology of teaching
communication skills – role-playing with a simulated patient – allows to significantly develop communication skills and empathy among medical students.
Dynamics of myocardial damage markers in patients with infective endocarditis complicated by acute heart failure
Authors: Koltunova H.B. , Chyzh K.P.
Published: December 2024

Patients with Infective Endocarditis (IE) complicated by Acute Heart Failure (AHF) require immediate cardiac surgery. Detection of high levels of N-terminal B-type natriuretic propeptide (NT-proBNP) and Cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) may facilitate early recognition of such patients. The aim of the study was to determine the dynamics of markers of myocardial injury in 75 patients with IE hospitalised at the Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery in the period from 2019 to 2023. The diagnosis of IE was made according to the Duke criteria, and all patients were classified as class IV according to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification. The examination data are shown in the form (Me[Q1;Q3]). For an in-depth study of myocardial damage in heart failure, the levels of NT-proBNP and cTnI were analysed at five stages: at the beginning of surgery, after completion of cardiopulmonary bypass, on days2, 7, and 14 of the postoperative period. In patients with HF, preoperative NT-proBNP levels were NT-proBNP – 8110.0 (2091.4;17738.3) pg/ml; and cTnI – 0.2 (0.1;0.74) ng/ml. After the operation, NT-proBNP and cTnI levels increased to 8778.6 pg/mL (3798.0;15674.9) and 4.83 ng/mL (2.36;9.61), respectively. The median duration of artificial lung ventilation was 21 hours (14;29). According to the results of the data analysis, patients with a duration of artificial lung ventilation (ALV) of 29 hours were included in the third quartile. The total duration of inpatient treatment was 19 days, and the ICU stay for patients with IE complicated by AHF was 7 (5;11) days. The total duration of inpatient treatment was 19 (14;22) days. The results showed an increase in cTnI level with a simultaneous decrease in NT-proBNP after surgery, followed by a steady increase in both markers in patients with IE complicated by AHF.

Keywords: cardiac dysfunction, dynamics of biomarker levels, cardiovascular damage, cardiac surgery, perioperative period.
Sentidos, experiencias y apropiaciones desiguales de Inglés como lengua extranjera en el nivel medio del Gran Buenos Aires
Authors:   , Duarte Paula
Published: December 2024

La tesis explora la desigualdad en los sentidos y aprendizajes de inglés como lengua extranjera en el partido de Berazategui, tomando como objeto de investigación los jóvenes de cuatro colegios secundarios en 5to año. Se desarrollaron encuestas y focus groups en 2022 que están volcados en el trabajo. Los hallazgos en torno a la amplitud de uso, asiduidad, acceso a información, afinidad, alcances -entre otros- parecen señalar las desigualdades constituidas en relaciones con el saber de distinta intensidad.
АРХІВ М. АНТОНОВИЧА ЯК КУЛЬТУРНА ПАМ’ЯТЬ : БІОГРАФІЧНИЙ ТА ТВОРЧИЙ ПРОФІЛЬ КОМПОЗИТОРА ІВАНА ВОВКА
Authors: Граб Уляна
Published: December 2024

Досліджується архів Мирослава Антоновича – відомого українського музиколога та диригента, зокрема нотна україністика архіву та матеріали, що висвітлюють маловідому постать українського композитора в еміграції Івана Вовка. З’ясовується наявність у архіві нотних раритетів – зокрема, автографів творів Н. Нижанківського, М. Фоменка. Аналізуються відомості про композитора І. Вовка у друкованих джерелах та епістолярії М. Антоновича, систематизується інформація про творчу спадщину І. Вовка – камерно-вокальну, камерно-інструментальну, твори різних жанрів у скрипковій та фортепіанній музиці. Висвітлюється діяльність композитора у музично-громадському житті української діаспори у США, творчість Івана Вовка була в репертуарі українських еміграційних виконавців, сприяючи збереженню національної ідентичності в інокультурному світі. Стверджується оригінальний творчий профіль композитора, у музичній мові якого відбивається романтичне світовідчуття з виразно національним інтонаційним осердям.
КАМЕРНА СПЕЦИФІКА ФОРТЕПІАННОГО ЦИКЛУ Б. ФІЛЬЦ «ТРИ П’ЄСИ НА ТЕМИ ЛЕМКІВСЬКИХ НАРОДНИХ ПІСЕНЬ» : ЖАНРОВО-ІНТОНАЦІЙНІ ТА ВИКОНАВСЬКІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ
Authors: Овчаренко-Пєшкова Олена
Published: December 2024

Актуальність теми пропонованого дослідження полягає у вивченні жанрово-інтонаційних та виконавських особливостей «Трьох п’єс на теми лемківських народних пісень» Б. Фільц у контексті камерної специфіки циклу. Застосовано комплексну методологію, що включає біографічний, жанрово-інтонаційний, виконавський методи аналізу. Виявлено контексти формування творчої особистості Б. Фільц і специфіку національної спрямованості її творчості. Визначено дискусійні аспекти музикознавчого осмислення поняття національного в українській музичній творчості. Розкрито унікальність лемківського фольклору, який Б. Фільц взяла за основу аналізованого циклу. Досліджено поняття кордоцентризму як ключової характеристики української ментальності. З’ясовано, що до характеристик кордоцентризму належать такі якості, як емоційність, сердечна чутливість, глибина сприйняття, духовна спрямованість. Доведено, що кордоцентризм знайшов втілення у творчості багатьох українських композиторів і, зокрема, у творчості Б. Фільц. Визначено специфіку камерності як музичної категорії, для якої характерні такі якості, як: насичена, але м’яка гармонічна колористика, прозора фігуративна фактура, інтимність висловлювання, витонченість динамічних градацій, деталізація викладу, лаконізм, просторовість. Проаналізовано жанрово-інтонаційні та виконавські особливості аналізованого твору. Доведено, що риси камерної інтонаційності найкращим чином відтворюються у камерній специфіці виконання «Трьох п’єс на теми лемківських народних пісень» Б. Фільц. Проведене дослідження відкриває перспективи для подальшого осмислення специфіки камерності в українській музиці.
ПОСТАТЬ ЛУЇЗИ БЕРТЕН В ІСТОРІЇ ФРАНЦУЗЬКОЇ МУЗИКИ : ПОВЕРНЕННЯ ІЗ ЗАБУТТЯ
Authors: Чеботар Олександра
Published: December 2024

Досліджено біографію та творчу долю маловідомої французької композиторки ХІХ cтоліття Луїзи Бертен. Встановлено деталі її біографії, зокрема, ті, що пов’язані з процесом музичного навчання. Висвітлено співпрацю Л. Бертен із видатним сучасником Віктором Гюґо над оперою «Есмеральда». Простежено розбіжності між романом «Собор Паризької Богоматері» та лібрето опери. Завдяки опорі на музичну періодику Парижа 1920–1930-х років та мемуари сучасників Л. Бертен проаналізовано процес підготовки опери «Есмеральда» до прем’єри у Королівській академії музики. Наведено критичні відгуки на постановку опери та позитивні оцінки з боку сучасників. Висунуто припущення щодо причин забуття оперної спадщини Л. Бертен. Наголошено, що головні з них – упередженість щодо родини Бертен з боку політичних опонентів та зневажливе ставлення до таланту жінки у суспільній думці першої пол. ХІХ століття. Підкреслено позитивні тенденції, що позначились в останні десятиліття у ставленні до творчої спадщини композиторки.
СКРИПКОВІ ВИКОНАВСЬКІ ШКОЛИ КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ МУЗИЧНО-ІСТОРИЧНОГО КОНТЕКСТУ
Authors: Шевченко Дар’я
Published: December 2024

Досліджується процес культурних змін та їх вплив на феномен скрипкових виконавських шкіл. Аналізується розвиток та еволюція виконавської традиції України та країн світу в музичному та історичному контексті. Наголошується увага на значущості та першочерговості італійської традиції у формуванні виконавських традицій світових скрипкових шкіл. Підкреслюється значення конкретних педагогів, композиторів і виконавців у становленні виконавських шкіл. Вивчається взаємодія між різними школами та їх вплив на сучасну виконавську практику. Доводиться, що історичний контекст відіграє ключову роль у формуванні унікальних виконавських традицій.
КИЛИМОВА МАПА СЛОБОЖАНЩИНИ ХVIІІ – XХI ст.: ТРАДИЦІЙНІ ОСЕРЕДКИ, ЛОКАЛЬНІ ЦЕНТРИ, МАЙСТЕРНІ
Authors: Павлюк Олена
Published: December 2024

Охарактеризовано східний історико-географічний регіон України – Слобожанщину та зразки слобожанських килимів (від давніх до сучасних), збережені у музеях України, авторських колекціях і які мають культурну цінність на ряду з іншими творами народного мистецтва. Автором зроблено спробу відтворення географії виробництва слобожанських килимів ХVIІІ – XХІ ст.: виявлення місцевості, де розташовувались килимові майстерні, мануфактури, традиційні осередки, локальні центри та на основі аналізу джерел, матеріалів праць попередників, представлення їх на «Килимовій мапі Слобожанщини» у хронологічній градації.