bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Organisational growth and decline in Indonesian Islamic banks
Authors: Bahrul Ilmi Muhammad , Mohamad Muslim Har Sani , Mohd. Shariff Ros Aniza
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the growth of Indonesian Islamic banks and explores organisational growth determinants from different perspectives, namely, organisational climate, intellectual capital (IC) and organisational service orientation. The study also attempts to develop a model to measure the growth of Islamic banks and uncovers the root causes of the stagnancy in Indonesian Islamic banking.

Design/methodology/approach

The study used survey questionnaires distributed to Islamic bank managers, who were considered representative experts in the field of Islamic banking. The data collected were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 21.0), and two analyses were performed with different strategies to build the regression model, namely, multiple linear regression and automatic linear regression.

Findings

The study found that IC significantly affected Islamic banks’ growth in Indonesia; however, organisational climate and service orientation did not predict such growth. Concerning service orientation as a mediating model, climate or IC had no indirect effect on growth.

Research limitations/implications

This study’s results contribute to fill the gap by analysing the growth of Islamic banks. Hence, the study results will be especially practical and helpful for Islamic bank managers and policymakers to help develop mechanisms for Islamic banks in Indonesia.

Originality/value

By combining the aspects of organisational climate, IC and service orientation from earlier studies and categorising them by organisational growth, together with a comprehensive literature review, the study proposes a model specific to Islamic banks. It also offers new insight and discussion for determining organisational growth in Indonesian Islamic banks.
Using dialogic reading and direct instruction of emotion words to increase emotion vocabulary knowledge in the preschool classroom
Authors: Kogan Ann-Marie
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This research addresses a need in early childhood education for evidence-based teaching strategies that build emotional self-regulation skills in young children. The intervention assessed in this study focused on increasing the emotion vocabulary of preschool-aged students.

Design/methodology/approach

This mixed-methods, quasi-experimental study evaluated the impact a dialogic reading approach combined with direct instruction of emotion words during a shared book-reading activity had on students' emotion vocabulary knowledge. The study was conducted in a licensed daycare center in a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, with ten four- and five-year-old students. Pre- and post-session surveys assessed the intervention's impact on the students' receptive and expressive vocabulary knowledge, and observation notes captured the students' responses to the intervention activities.

Findings

The results showed significant increases with small to medium effect sizes between the students’ pre- and post-session survey scores for both receptive and expressive emotion vocabulary knowledge, a strong positive correlation between the level of student engagement during the intervention and their emotion vocabulary assessment scores, and the impact other variables had on the intervention’s effectiveness.

Practical implications

This research provides information on a culturally adaptable and quickly learned teaching strategy that could be used to build emotional self-regulation skills in the early childhood classroom.

Originality/value

This research uniquely applies this intervention as a universal strategy with preschool-aged children.
An integrated low-cost automatic pipetting used in nucleic acid detection PCR instrument and clinical detection
Authors: Lin Chengxiong , Wu Wenming
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This paper aims to introduce a custom-designed integrated nucleic acid detection polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument for clinical detection applications.

Design/methodology/approach

The PCR instrument can make rapid, sensitive, low-cost and quantitative molecular diagnosis compared with the current routine test flow from the pipette, series reagent to RT-PCR by manual manipulation. By integrating the multichannel automatic pipetting module, heat amplification module and real-time fluorescence detection module for the first time, the custom-designed integrated nucleic acid detection PCR instrument can achieve sample collection, subpackage, mixing, extracting, measuring and result presentation.

Findings

The multichannel automatic pipetting module was assembled with an accuracy of 0.4% (2 microliters) for accuracy measurement. Besides, the accuracy and sensitivity of nucleic acid using integrated low-cost nucleic acid detection PCR instruments were checked with COV-2019 virus (staining method) and African swine fever virus (probe method) under different concentrations.

Practical implications

Because of its high cost, complex system and bulky laboratory settings, including sample subpackage, mixing, extracting, measuring and finally result in presentation, the current nucleic acid detection system is not suitable for field operation and disease diagnosis in remote areas. The group independently designed and assembled an integrated low-cost multichannel nucleic acid detection PCR instrument, including a multichannel automatic pipetting module, a heat amplification module and a real-time fluorescence detection module.

Originality/value

The above equipment showed better reliability compared with commercial qPCR. These results can lay the foundation for functional, fast and low-cost PCR equipment for trace measurements.
Something to chew on: assessing what students want from campus dining services
Authors: Nanu Luana , Rahman Imran , Traynor Mark , Cain Lisa
Published: May 2024

Purpose

This exploratory study aims to integrate both quantitative and qualitative methods to examine the influence of contemporary university dining attributes and practices on student patronage.

Design/methodology/approach

First, a review of the extant literature on-campus dining in universities was conducted. Second, innovative practices of on-campus dining facilities of a large public university were identified. Finally, student perceptions of those practices were examined using a mixed method approach.

Findings

The review of literature uncovered 49 articles across 35 years on key topics such as food waste, healthy eating, and service evaluation. From site tours and interviews with related personnel, 40 innovative on-campus dining practices were identified.

Research limitations/implications

Importance ratings revealed cleanliness of the environment, fresh fruit and vegetables, and digitally enabled ordering, as the top three highest rated practices. Factor analysis unveiled six factors that students find important: food diversity, good standards, innovativeness, quick options, menu variety, and fish and seafood. The thematic analysis further revealed four overarching themes (convenience, familiarity, food offerings, and value) and 13 subthemes which complemented the quantitative results.

Originality/value

In addition to shedding post-pandemic light on students’ dining needs, it highlights the paucity of theory used to support extant studies and suggests a novel theoretical underpinning.
Financial sector development and renewable energy consumption nexus: Evidence from global dynamic panel threshold analysis
Authors: Majeed Muhammad Tariq , Hussain Zubia
Published: May 2024

Decarbonizing economies requires an energy transition from conventional energy resources to renewable and clean energy resources. However, this transition largely depends upon the availability of huge investments to manage high start‐up costs and operational infrastructure. In this respect, the financial sector can play a vital role. This study explores the financial sector's role in renewable energy consumption utilizing a comprehensive measure of financial sector development constituting both financial institutions and financial markets. Moreover, the study utilizes an advanced econometric technique “dynamic panel threshold model” on panel data of 165 countries ranging from 1980 to 2019. The empirical analysis reveals the presence of a threshold value of 0.191, 0.196, and 0.008 for the overall financial development index, financial institutions index, and financial market index, respectively. This finding confirms the presence of a U‐shaped curve between financial sector development and renewable energy consumption, validating the existence of the financial Kuznets curve. Thus, initially, financial sector development results in lower renewable energy consumption while after reaching the threshold level it boosts renewable energy consumption. Furthermore, the study also shows the statistically significant role of economic growth, trade openness, and inflation in explaining renewable energy usage. The obtained outcomes suggest a pressing necessity to improve both financial institutions and markets to surpass the threshold levels of financial sector performance within the financial sector, thus supporting a rise in renewable energy consumption.
Cellular senescence is a double‐edged sword in regulating aged immune responses to influenza
Authors: Torrance Blake L. , Cadar Andreia N. , Panier Hunter A. , Martin Dominique E. , Lorenzo Erica C. , Jellison Evan R. , Bartley Jenna M. , Haynes Laura
Published: May 2024

Clearance of senescent cells has demonstrated therapeutic potential in the context of chronic age‐related diseases. Little is known, however, how clearing senescent cells affects the ability to respond to an acute infection and form quality immunological memory. We aimed to probe the effects of clearing senescent cells in aged mice on the immune response to influenza (flu) infection. We utilized a p16 trimodality reporter mouse model (p16‐3MR) to allow for identification and selective clearance of p16‐expressing cells upon administration of ganciclovir (GCV). While p16‐expressing cells may exacerbate dysfunctional responses to a primary infection, our data suggest they may play a role in fostering memory cell generation. We demonstrate that although clearance of p16‐expressing cells enhanced viral clearance, this also severely limited antibody production in the lungs of flu‐infected aged mice. 30 days later, there were fewer flu‐specific CD8 memory T cells and lower levels of flu‐specific antibodies in the lungs of GCV‐treated mice. Furthermore, GCV‐treated mice were unable to mount an optimal memory response and demonstrated increased viral load following heterosubtypic challenge. These results suggest that targeting senescent cells may potentiate primary responses while limiting the ability to form durable and protective immune memory with age.
Longitudinal outcomes of obeticholic acid therapy in ursodiol‐nonresponsive primary biliary cholangitis: Stratifying the impact of add‐on fibrates in real‐world practice
Authors: Gómez E. , Montero J. L. , Molina E. , García‐Buey L. , Casado M. , Fuentes J. , Simón M. A. , Díaz‐González A. , Jorquera F. , Morillas R. M. , Presa J. , Berenguer M. , Conde M. I. , Olveira A. , Macedo G. , Garrido I. , Hernández‐Guerra M. , Olivas I. , Rodríguez‐Tajes S. , Londoño M. , Sousa J. M. , Ampuero J. , Romero‐González E. , González‐Padilla Sh. , Escudero‐García D. , Carvalho A. , Santos A. , Gutiérrez M. L. , Pérez‐Fernández E. , Aburruza L. , Uriz J. , Gomes D. , Santos L. , Martínez‐González J. , Albillos A. , Fernández‐Rodríguez C. M.
Published: May 2024

Background

Suboptimal response to ursodeoxycholic acid occurs in 40% of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients, affecting survival. Achieving a deep response (normalisation of alkaline phosphatase [ALP] and bilirubin ≤0.6 upper limit of normal) improves survival. Yet, the long‐term effectiveness of second‐line treatments remains uncertain.

Aims

To evaluate the long‐term effectiveness of obeticholic acid (OCA) ± fibrates. Focusing on biochemical response (ALP ≤1.67 times the upper limit of normal, with a decrease of at least 15% from baseline and normal bilirubin levels), normalisation of ALP, deep response and biochemical remission (deep response plus aminotransferase normalisation).

Methods

We conducted a longitudinal, observational, multicentre study involving ursodeoxyccholic acid non‐responsive PBC patients (Paris‐II criteria) from Spain and Portugal who received OCA ± fibrates.

Results

Of 255 patients, median follow‐up was 35.1 months (IQR: 20.2–53). The biochemical response in the whole cohort was 47.2%, 61.4% and 68.6% at 12, 24 and 36 months. GLOBE‐PBC and 5‐year UK‐PBC scores improved (p < 0.001). Triple therapy (ursodeoxycholic acid plus OCA plus fibrates) had significantly higher response rates than dual therapy (p = 0.001), including ALP normalisation, deep response and biochemical remission (p < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, triple therapy remained independently associated with biochemical response (p = 0.024), alkaline phosphatase normalisation, deep response and biochemical remission (p < 0.001). Adverse effects occurred in 41.2% of cases, leading to 18.8% discontinuing OCA. Out of 55 patients with cirrhosis, 12 developed decompensation. All with baseline portal hypertension.

Conclusion

Triple therapy was superior in achieving therapeutic goals in UDCA‐nonresponsive PBC. Decompensation was linked to pre‐existing portal hypertension.
Risk factors of bleeding during rectal cancer surgery in obese patients in Japan
Authors: Ishiyama Yasuhiro , Hirano Yasumitsu , Shiozawa Manabu , Otsuji Eigo , Natsume Soichiro , Akagi Tomonori , Nakajima Kentaro , Kagawa Yoshinori , Ohnuma Shinobu , Saito Shuji , Inomata Masafumi , Yamamoto Seiichiro , Sakai Yoshiharu , Watanabe Masahiko , Naitoh Takeshi ,   the Japan Society of Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery
Published: May 2024

Background

According to several clinical trials for patients with rectal cancer, laparoscopic surgery significantly reduces intraoperative complications and bleeding compared with laparotomy and demonstrated comparable long‐term results. However, obesity is considered one of the risk factors for increased surgical difficulty, including complication rate, prolonged operation time, and bleeding.

Methods

Patients with clinical pathological stage II/III rectal cancer and a body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2 who underwent laparotomy or laparoscopic surgery between January 2009 and December 2013 at 51 institutions participating in the Japan Society of Laparoscopic Colorectal Surgery were included. These patients were divided into major bleeding (>500 mL) group and minor bleeding (≤500 mL) group. The risk factors of major bleeding were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results

This study included 517 patients, of which 74 (19.9%) experienced major bleeding. Patient characteristics did not significantly differ between the two groups. The major bleeding group had a longer operative time (p < 0.001) and a larger tumor size than the minor bleeding group (p = 0.011). In the univariate analysis, age >65 years, laparotomy, operative time >300 min, and multivisceral resection were significantly associated with intraoperative massive bleeding. In the multivariate analysis, age >65 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–4.82), laparotomy (OR, 20.82; 95% CI, 11.56–39.75), operative time >300 min (OR, 5.39; 95% CI, 1.67–132), and multivisceral resection (OR, 10.72; 95% CI, 2.47–64.0) showed to be risk factors for massive bleeding.

Conclusion

Age >65 years, laparotomy, operative time >300 min, and multivisceral resection were risk factors for massive bleeding during rectal cancer surgery in patients with obesity.
Medication adherence to inflammatory bowel disease medications in Aotearoa New Zealand and correlation with health outcomes: A nationwide database analysis
Authors: Amiesimaka Obreniokibo Ibifubara , Allemann Samuel S. , Braund Rhiannon , Schultz Michael , Aluzaite Kristina
Published: May 2024

Aims

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management entails long‐term medication therapy. Worse disease outcomes and reduced quality of life might arise from poor medication adherence (MA). This study is the first to investigate patients with IBD's adherence across Aotearoa New Zealand and its relationship with disease outcomes.

Methods

Dispensing claims data (Pharmaceutical Collection) were used to calculate (3‐ and 5‐year) adherence, using daily polypharmacy possession ratio. Using hospitalization data (National Minimum Dataset), the relationship between adherence and the numbers of hospitalizations and corticosteroid dispensings was investigated.

Results

In total, 4654 patients (53% female; 55% Crohn's disease [CD], 45% ulcerative colitis [UC]; median age‐at‐first‐dispensing, 43 years) and 3148 patients (54% female; 55% CD, 44% UC; median age‐at‐first‐dispensing, 44 years) were in the 3‐ and 5‐year cohorts, respectively. The 3‐ and 5‐year cohorts had mean 4.6 and 4.2 IBD‐related hospitalizations and 6.9 and 9.2 corticosteroid dispensings, respectively. Average adherence estimates were 77.4% (95% confidence interval: 76.9–78.0%) and 74.9% (95% confidence interval: 74.1–75.6%; 3 and 5 years), while 54% and 51% of patients, respectively, had good adherence (MA ≥ 80%). There was no correlation between adherence and the numbers of hospitalizations (Pearson's R = −.0007; P = .65 and R = −.04; P = .02 [3 and 5 years]) and corticosteroid dispensings (R = .08; P = <.0001 and R = .08; P = <.0001, respectively).

Conclusion

MA of Aotearoa New Zealand patients with IBD is moderately high but just over half of patients meet the adherent threshold. There was no correlation between adherence and hospitalizations or corticosteroid dispensings; hence, research into longitudinal adherence patterns and associated factors is needed.
Tokens of love and loss: Plugging into the affective entanglements of online museum spaces exhibiting tokens of love and loss at the Foundling Museum, London; Museo degli Innocenti, Florence; National Museum of Australia, Canberra
Authors: Clark Jennifer , Nye Adele
Published: May 2024

The museum space is continually evolving and, not surprisingly, we have seen significant and rapid expansion in both digitized records and online exhibitions, especially since the COVID‐19 pandemic of 2020–2023. In this article we examine three comparable museum collections of tokens of love and loss in the Foundling Museum in London, the Museo degli Innocenti in Florence, and the National Museum of Australia in Canberra. Using a case study approach as visitor‐researchers, we explore how post‐qualitative theories speak to the affective experience of museums in the physical and the virtual space. We ask if the online visitor experience can be imbued with affective possibilities and, if so, how might they be maximized to best support, replicate, or replace an in‐person museum experience.
Unilateral laser ventriculocordectomy results in increased arytenoid stability in horses with severe left sided recurrent laryngeal neuropathy
Authors: Baldwin Christopher M. , Ireland Joanne L. , Barakzai Safia Z.
Published: May 2024

Background

There is no objective information reporting the effect of unilateral laser ventriculocordectomy (VeC) on arytenoid abduction or stability.

Objectives

To evaluate arytenoid stability and abduction in horses with severe recurrent laryngeal neuropathy (RLN) before and after unilateral laser VeC.

Study design

Prospective cohort.

Methods

Eight horses with grade C or D exercising laryngeal function that underwent unilateral laser VeC were included. Exercising endoscopy was performed before and ≥6 weeks after left‐sided laser VeC. Arytenoid stability at maximal exercise was calculated by measuring the left‐to‐right quotient angle ratio (LRQ) of the corniculate processes at the points of maximal arytenoid abduction (expiration) and maximal arytenoid collapse (inspiration). For each horse, means of measurements obtained for four breaths pre‐ and post‐operatively were used for statistical analysis.

Results

The difference in LRQ between inspiration and expiration was lower post‐operatively (median 0.039; interquartile range [IQR] 0.032–0.047) compared with pre‐operatively (median 0.158; IQR 0.083–0.249; p = 0.01) confirming the left arytenoid was more stable following unilateral laser VeC. The degree of improvement was significantly greater for grade D horses compared with grade C horses (p = 0.04). The LRQ measured on maximal abduction was also lower post‐operatively (median 0.467; IQR 0.444–0.506) compared with pre‐operatively (median 0.578; IQR 0.554–0.655; p = 0.02) indicating the left arytenoid was less abducted following surgery.

Main limitations

The sample size was small, no racehorses were included and post‐operative assessment was conducted at a variable time after surgery.

Conclusion

Unilateral laser VeC in grade C and D RLN‐affected horses results in slightly reduced left arytenoid abduction but increased arytenoid stability.
The association between blood pressure variability and renal damage in patients with primary aldosteronism
Authors: Wu Siying , Li Sen , Huang Jing , Yu Jie , Wei Chaoping , Wei Lixia , Zhu Shuangbei , Chen Shanshan , Chen Meilan , Li Jianling
Published: May 2024

This research examines the association between blood pressure variability (BPV) and renal damage in a cohort of 129 primary aldosteronism (PA) patients, employing ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) for comparative analysis with individuals diagnosed with essential hypertension (EH). The study reveals that PA patients exhibited significantly elevated levels of cystatin C and urine microalbumin/creatinine ratio (UACR). Additionally, a higher prevalence of non‐dipping blood pressure patterns in PA patients suggests an increased risk of circadian blood pressure regulation disturbances. Notably, while most BPV indices were comparable between the two groups, the standard deviation of 24‐h weighted diastolic blood pressure was markedly lower in the PA cohort, distinguishing it as a unique variable. Through multiple linear regression analysis, the duration of hypertension, angiotensin II concentrations, and daytime systolic blood pressure standard deviation emerged as significant determinants of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in PA patients. Furthermore, UACR was significantly influenced by variables including the 24‐h weighted standard deviation (wSD) of systolic BP, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, nocturnal systolic BP peaks, aldosterone‐renin ratio (ARR), and total cholesterol, with the most pronounced association observed with the 24‐h wSD of systolic BP (β = 0.383).The study also found significant correlations between the 24‐h wSD of systolic BP, ARR, HbA1c, serum potassium levels, and 24‐h urinary microalbumin, underscoring the critical role of the 24‐h wSD of systolic BP (β = 0.267). These findings underscore the imperative of an integrated management strategy for PA, addressing the intricate interconnections among metabolic abnormalities, blood pressure variability, and renal health outcomes.
Three‐dimensional architecture and moment arms of human rotator cuff muscles in vivo: Interindividual, intermuscular, and intramuscular variations
Authors: Zhang Yilan , Herbert Robert D. , Bilston Lynne E. , Bolsterlee Bart
Published: May 2024

The human rotator cuff consists of four muscles, each with a complex, multipennate architecture. Despite the functional and clinical importance, the architecture of the human rotator cuff has yet to be clearly described in humans in vivo. The purpose of this study was to investigate the intramuscular, intermuscular, and interindividual variations in architecture and moment arms of the human rotator cuff. Muscle volumes, fascicle lengths, physiological cross‐sectional areas (PCSAs), pennation angles, and moment arms of all four rotator cuff muscles were measured from mDixon and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans of the right shoulders of 20 young adults. In accordance with the most detailed dissections available to date, we found substantial intramuscular variation in fascicle length (coefficients of variation (CVs) ranged from 26% to 40%) and pennation angles (CVs ranged from 56% to 62%) in all rotator cuff muscles. We also found substantial intermuscular and interindividual variations in muscle volumes, but relatively consistent mean fascicle lengths, pennation angles, and moment arms (CVs for all ≤17%). Moreover, when expressed as a proportion of total rotator cuff muscle volume, the volumes of individual rotator cuff muscles were highly consistent between individuals and sexes (CVs ≤16%), suggesting that rotator cuff muscle volumes scale uniformly, at least in a younger population without musculoskeletal problems. Together, these data indicate limited interindividual and intermuscular variability in architecture, which may simplify scaling routines for musculoskeletal models. However, the substantial intramuscular variation in architecture questions the validity of previously reported mean architectural parameters to adequately describe rotator cuff function.
In Silico Design of Heterogeneous Microvascular Trees Using Generative Adversarial Networks and Constrained Constructive Optimization
Authors: Pan Qing , Shen Huanghui , Li Peilun , Lai Biyun , Jiang Akang , Huang Wenjie , Lu Fei , Peng Hong , Fang Luping , Kuebler Wolfgang M. , Pries Axel R. , Ning Gangmin
Published: May 2024

Objective

Designing physiologically adequate microvascular trees is of crucial relevance for bioengineering functional tissues and organs. Yet, currently available methods are poorly suited to replicate the morphological and topological heterogeneity of real microvascular trees because the parameters used to control tree generation are too simplistic to mimic results of the complex angiogenetic and structural adaptation processes in vivo.

Methods

We propose a method to overcome this limitation by integrating a conditional deep convolutional generative adversarial network (cDCGAN) with a local fractal dimension‐oriented constrained constructive optimization (LFDO‐CCO) strategy. The cDCGAN learns the patterns of real microvascular bifurcations allowing for their artificial replication. The LFDO‐CCO strategy connects the generated bifurcations hierarchically to form microvascular trees with a vessel density corresponding to that observed in healthy tissues.

Results

The generated artificial microvascular trees are consistent with real microvascular trees regarding characteristics such as fractal dimension, vascular density, and coefficient of variation of diameter, length, and tortuosity.

Conclusions

These results support the adoption of the proposed strategy for the generation of artificial microvascular trees in tissue engineering as well as for computational modeling and simulations of microcirculatory physiology.
Experiences of families with children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder in World Health Organization Afro‐Regions: A scoping review
Authors: Baloyi Olivia , Jarvis Mary Ann , Chironda Geldine , Mbeje Pretty , Ngcobo Silingene Joyce , Gqaleni Thusile , Mhlongo Euphemia Mbali , Ngcobo Winnie Baphumelele , Brysiewicz Petra
Published: May 2024

A scoping review on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and its impact on the families of affected children was undertaken due to insufficient information available on the diverse experiences impacting their lives. Using the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology, eligibility criteria were guided by Population (families), Concept (family experiences), and Context (African region). English‐language articles were sought from a variety of databases and search engines. The publication date of the identified articles ranged from 2003 to 2021 with most published in 2020 (n = 10), and the majority using qualitative methodologies (n = 51). Most family members involved were parents (n = 51) and their ages ranged from 18 to 75 years. The families experienced various challenges related to their child with regard to education, healthcare, and the broader community including lack of support. Family coping strategies included believing in God, attending counseling sessions, adapting, and accepting the situation. Healthcare professionals should be prepared and positioned to educate families and siblings on various aspects of ASD. There is a need for active, continued research on families within most countries of World Health Organization Afro‐region.
Real‐world outcomes for a digital prescription mobile application for adults with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Pathipati Mythili P. , Scott Luisa L. , Griser Allen Cameron , Staller Kyle
Published: May 2024

Background

Mahana™ IBS is a Food and Drug Administration‐cleared prescription mobile application designed to deliver 3 months of gut‐directed cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to adults ≥22 years old with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We assessed whether gut‐directed CBT delivered digitally improved outcomes in IBS management.

Methods

We studied users who had a dispensed physician prescription for Mahana™ IBS between August 2021 and August 2023. The primary outcome was change in IBS symptom severity (IBS‐SSS) score.

Key Results

For the 843 patients, 324 (38%) completed half of the program up to session 5, and 162 (19%) of participants completed the full program up to session 10. Median age was 41 years, median IBS‐SSS was 270 (moderate severity), IBS‐mixed subtype was most common (23%) followed by IBS‐C (20%) and IBS‐D (19%). The change in IBS‐SSS was −81.0 (p = < 0.001) after session 5 and − 104.4 (p = < 0.001) after session 10. In multivariate analyses, a higher baseline IBS‐SSS (OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.26–2.01) and high baseline Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) score predicted non‐response (OR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91–0.98) while older age (OR 1.10 per decade; 95% CI 1.01–1.20), prescription source from a healthcare provider (as opposed to third party telehealth encounter, OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.07–2.05), and payment for the app (OR 1.93; 95% CI 1.41–2.63) predicted adherence.

Conclusions & Inferences

Use of a digital mobile application for gut‐directed CBT improved symptoms of IBS. Digital health applications have the potential to democratize CBT and allow integrated care to scale for patients with IBS.
Nutritional safety and status following a 12‐week strict low FODMAP diet in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Hillestad Eline Margrete Randulff , Steinsvik Elisabeth Kjelsvik , Teige Erica Sande , Rasmussen Stella Hellgren , Brønstad Ingeborg , Lundervold Arvid , Hausken Trygve , Hanevik Kurt , Lied Gülen Arslan , Berentsen Birgitte
Published: May 2024

Background

A low FODMAP diet (LFD) is an established dietary treatment for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, knowledge on the extended effects of the restriction phase regarding nutrient intake, symptom severity, and quality of life (QoL) is sparse. Therefore, our objectives were to evaluate the safety of a dietitian‐led 12‐week strict LFD on measures of blood biochemistry, nutritional status, symptom severity, and QoL.

Methods

In this open‐label dietitian‐led 12‐week strict LFD intervention for IBS patients with predominantly diarrhea or mixed stool pattern (IBS‐D/−M), we collected data on diet intake (3‐day dietary record), overnight fasting routine blood samples, body weight, IBS symptoms (IBS Severity Scoring System (IBS‐SSS)), and IBS‐related QoL (IBS‐QoL) at baseline and after 12 weeks.

Key Results

Thirty‐six participants completed the 12‐week follow‐up (mean age: 37 years, 67% women, IBS‐SSS: 242 (101)). All blood parameters measured were within established reference values at both time points. We found no change in intake of macro‐ or micronutrients, but several micronutrients were below the recommendations both before and after 12 weeks. BMI slightly decreased, primarily driven by participants with BMI >25 (p < 0.005). QoL improved among most subdomains (p ≤ 0.002), except food avoidance and social reaction.

Conclusion

An extended dietitian‐guided LFD (12 weeks) is not inferior to the participants' baseline diet, since no clinically meaningful changes in nutritionally related blood samples and no changes in macro‐ or micronutrient intake were observed. However, the intake of several nutrients was below the recommendations at both time points indicating low diet quality.
ACM's 2024 General Election
Authors: Kapoor Hemangee , Pancake Cherri , Segal Gerald
Published: May 2024

Please Take This Opportunity to Vote.

Meet the candidates who introduce their plans---and stands---for the Association.
Influence of the DEA Concentration on Structural and Optical Properties of Nanodot PbS Thin Films Growth by Chemical Solution Deposition: Unveiling Dual Optical Absorption Edges
Authors: Alghoraibi Ibrahim
Published: May 2024

The present paper presents a straightforward method for producing thin film layers of sulfide quantum dots (PbS-QDs) on a glass substrate using chemical solution deposition (CSD) assisted by dipcoating technique. The deposited PbS-QDs films were subjected to a comprehensive analysis using atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV–vis–IR absorption, and photoluminescence spectroscopic (PL) techniques to investigate the effects of varying concentrations of diethanol amine (DEA) on their morphology, crystal structure, elemental composition, light absorption, and emission characteristics. The spherical shape of the PbS-QDs was confirmed by AFM and SEM images with average sizes around 100 and 50 nm, respectively. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis provides evidence the existence of Pb and S elements within the PbS matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results validate that the deposited films exhibit high crystallinity, with a preferential orientation along the (111) plane and a face-centered cubic lattice structure of PbS. The crystallite size of PbS is measured to be 46.6 nm. Based on the optical absorption measurements, we have determined the size range of PbS nanocrystals to be between 4.3 and 11.5 nm. The optical studies reveal the presence of two optical absorption edges within the visible and infrared spectrum, two direct band gap energy, two cut-off wavelengths, two confinement energy, two Urbach energy tail, and dual emission peaks of PbS-QDs at room temperature. The analysis reveals the presence of two distinct band gap energies, one in the visible range (1.3–2.28 eV) and the other in the infrared range (0.65–0.88 eV), which can be attributed to the formation of two distinct sizes of quantum dots situated in two different layers. The first layer, deposited directly on the glass substrate, comprises quantum dots with an average size of approximately 5.2 nm, while the second layer contains quantum dots with an average size of about 9.5 nm. This ability to tune the band gap of PbS in the visible range up to the IR band (0.65–2.28 eV) is a critical feature that holds the potential for the development of innovative optoelectronic devices.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Severity of Complications and Duration of Type 2 Diabetes and the Risk of Cancer: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Hu Yu-Wen , Yeh Chiu-Mei , Liu Chia-Jen , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Huang Nicole , Chou Yiing-Jenq
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S1: Enrollment flow chart. 756,547 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were enrolled for analysis.
Supplementary Table S7 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Table S7 shows Best differential lipids selected for advanced-stage OC (III and IV) vs. non-OC.
Table S5 from Prognostic Value of Pretreatment Plasma C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Andersen Høgni H. , Bojesen Stig E. , Johansen Julia S. , Ejlertsen Bent , Berg Tobias , Tuxen Malgorzata , Madsen Kasper , Danø Hella , Flyger Henrik , Jensen Maj-Britt , Nielsen Dorte L.
Published: May 2024

Overview of previous studies
Figure S4 from Prognostic Value of Pretreatment Plasma C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Andersen Høgni H. , Bojesen Stig E. , Johansen Julia S. , Ejlertsen Bent , Berg Tobias , Tuxen Malgorzata , Madsen Kasper , Danø Hella , Flyger Henrik , Jensen Maj-Britt , Nielsen Dorte L.
Published: May 2024

Recurrence by BMI groups
Supplementary Table S13 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Table S13 shows 17-lipid biomarker panel including discriminant ganglioside species.
Supplementary Table S10 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Table S10 shows Machine learning performance using the 10-lipid panel and the imbalanced dataset.
Supplementary Figure S9 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S9 shows Relative abundances for the ten discriminant lipids in early OC, advanced OC, and non-OC samples.
Supplementary Figure S7 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S7 shows Alterations in serum lipidome using select lipid species.
Supplementary Figure S6 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S6 shows Serum lipidome analysis of HGSC vs. non-OC samples.
Supplementary Figure S4 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S4 shows Unsupervised and supervised multivariate analysis using annotated compounds as input.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S2 shows Representative chromatographic data.
Supplementary Figure S12 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S12 shows Serum lipidome analysis of OC and normal control samples using the abundances of select lipids.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Serum Lipidome Profiling Reveals a Distinct Signature of Ovarian Cancer in Korean Women
Authors: Sah Samyukta , Bifarin Olatomiwa O. , Moore Samuel G. , Gaul David A. , Chung Hyewon , Kwon Sun Young , Cho Hanbyoul , Cho Chi-Heum , Kim Jae-Hoon , Kim Jaeyeon , Fernández Facundo M.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure S1 shows Unsupervised Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for all patient samples and quality controls.
Supplementary Table 1 from Breast Cancer Stage and Size Detected with Film versus Digital Mammography in New South Wales, Australia: A Population-Based Study Using Routinely Collected Data
Authors: Farber Rachel , Houssami Nehmat , McGeechan Kevin , Barratt Alexandra , Bell Katy J.L.
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Table 1. Temporal trends in tumour characteristics of breast cancer in unscreened women 2004 to 2017 in NSW, Australia
Data from Disparities in OncotypeDx Testing and Subsequent Chemotherapy Receipt by Geography and Socioeconomic Status
Authors: Van Alsten Sarah C. , Dunn Matthew R. , Hamilton Alina M. , Ivory Joannie M. , Gao Xiaohua , Kirk Erin L. , Nsonwu-Farley Joseph S. , Carey Lisa A. , Abdou Yara , Reeder-Hayes Katherine E. , Roberson Mya L. , Wheeler Stephanie B. , Emerson Marc A. , Hyslop Terry , Troester Melissa A.
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground:
OncotypeDx is a prognostic and predictive genomic assay used in early-stage hormone receptor–positive, HER2− (HR+/HER2−) breast cancer. It is used to inform adjuvant chemotherapy decisions, but not all eligible women receive testing. We aimed to assess variation in testing by demographics and geography, and to determine whether testing was associated with chemotherapy.
Methods:
For 1,615 women in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study with HR+/HER2−, Stage I–II tumors, we estimated prevalence differences (PD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for receipt of OncotypeDx genomic testing in association with and sociodemographic characteristics. We assessed associations between testing and chemotherapy receipt overall and by race. Finally, we calculated the proportion of eligible women receiving OncotypeDx by county-level rurality, census tract-level socioeconomic status, and Area Health Education Center regions.
Results:
38% (N = 609) of potentially eligible women were tested, with lower testing prevalences in Black (31%; PD, −11%; 95% CI, −16%–6%) and low-income women (24%; PD, −20%; 95% CI, −29% to −11%) relative to non-Black and higher income women. Urban participants were less likely to be tested than rural participants, though this association varied by region. Among women with low genomic risk tumors, tested participants were 29% less likely to receive chemotherapy than untested participants (95% CI, −40% to −17%). Racial differences in chemotherapy were restricted to untested women.
Conclusions:
Both individual and area-level socioeconomics predict likelihood of OncotypeDx testing.
Impact:
Variable adoption of OncotypeDx by socioeconomics and across geographic settings may contribute to excess chemotherapy among patients with HR+/HER2− cancers.

See related In the Spotlight, p. 635
Data from Breast Cancer Stage and Size Detected with Film versus Digital Mammography in New South Wales, Australia: A Population-Based Study Using Routinely Collected Data
Authors: Farber Rachel , Houssami Nehmat , McGeechan Kevin , Barratt Alexandra , Bell Katy J.L.
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground:
Digital mammography has replaced film mammography in breast-screening programs globally, including Australia. This led to an increase in the rate of detection, but whether there was increased detection of clinically important cancers is uncertain.
Methods:
In this population-wide retrospective cohort study in New South Wales, Australia spanning 2004 to 2016 and including 4,631,656 screens, there were 22,965 cancers in women screened with film (n = 11,040) or digital mammography (n = 11,925). We examined the change in tumor characteristics overall and how these rates changed over time, accounting for changes in background rates using an interrupted time-series. Comparisons were made with unscreened women (n = 26,326) during this time.
Results:
We found increased detection of in situ cancer (3.36 per 10,000 screens), localized invasive, and smaller-sized breast cancers attributable to the change in mammography technology, whereas screen-detected intermediate-sized and metastatic breast cancers decreased. Rates of early-stage and intermediate-sized interval cancers increased, and late-stage (−1.62 per 10,000 screens) and large interval cancers decreased. In unscreened women, there were small increases in the temporal trends of cancers across all stages.
Conclusions:
At least some of the increased detection of smaller early-stage cancers may have translated into a reduction in larger and late-stage cancers, indicating beneficial detection of cancers that would have otherwise progressed. However, the increased detection of smaller early-stage and small cancers may also have increased over-diagnosis of lesions that would otherwise have not caused harm.
Impact:
Robust evaluation of potential benefits and harms is needed after changes to screening programs.

See related In the Spotlight, p. 638
Supplementary Figure S1 from Breast Cancer Index and Prediction of Extended Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy Benefit in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer from the NRG Oncology/NSABP B-42 Trial
Authors: Mamounas Eleftherios P. , Bandos Hanna , Rastogi Priya , Zhang Yi , Treuner Kai , Lucas Peter C. , Geyer Charles E. , Fehrenbacher Louis , Chia Stephen K. , Brufsky Adam M. , Walshe Janice M. , Soori Gamini S. , Dakhil Shaker , Paik Soonmyung , Swain Sandra M. , Sgroi Dennis C. , Schnabel Catherine A. , Wolmark Norman
Published: May 2024

Supplemental Figure SF1. Time-dependent Kaplan-Meier analysis based on Distant Recurrence comparing extended letrozole vs
placebo in subsets of patients treated with initial adjuvant endocrine therapy with either A, AI only or B, a sequence of tamoxifen followed by AI in the overall Breast Cancer Index (BCI) NSABP B-42 translational cohort.
Supplementary Table 3 from Belzutifan for von Hippel–Lindau Disease: Pancreatic Lesion Population of the Phase 2 LITESPARK-004 Study
Authors: Else Tobias , Jonasch Eric , Iliopoulos Othon , Beckermann Kathryn E. , Narayan Vivek , Maughan Benjamin L. , Oudard Stephane , Maranchie Jodi K. , Iversen Ane B. , Goldberg Cynthia M. , Fu Wei , Perini Rodolfo F. , Liu Yanfang , Linehan W. Marston , Srinivasan Ramaprasad
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Table 3. Treatment-related adverse event summary.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Belzutifan for von Hippel–Lindau Disease: Pancreatic Lesion Population of the Phase 2 LITESPARK-004 Study
Authors: Else Tobias , Jonasch Eric , Iliopoulos Othon , Beckermann Kathryn E. , Narayan Vivek , Maughan Benjamin L. , Oudard Stephane , Maranchie Jodi K. , Iversen Ane B. , Goldberg Cynthia M. , Fu Wei , Perini Rodolfo F. , Liu Yanfang , Linehan W. Marston , Srinivasan Ramaprasad
Published: May 2024

Supplementary Figure 1. Efficacy of belzutifan monotherapy for all pancreatic lesions. A, Kaplan-Meier curve of progression-free survival for pancreatic lesions. B, Spider plot showing change from baseline over time in size of target pancreatic lesions.
Supplementary Table S7 from Molecular and Pathologic Characterization of YAP1-Expressing Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Leads to Reclassification as SMARCA4-Deficient Malignancies
Authors: Ng Jin , Cai Ling , Girard Luc , Prall Owen W.J. , Rajan Neeha , Khoo Christine , Batrouney Ahida , Byrne David J. , Boyd Danielle K. , Kersbergen Ariena J. , Christie Michael , Minna John D. , Burr Marian L. , Sutherland Kate D.
Published: May 2024

26 mutated genes unique to SCLC-Y cell lines.
Supplementary Table S6 from Molecular and Pathologic Characterization of YAP1-Expressing Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines Leads to Reclassification as SMARCA4-Deficient Malignancies
Authors: Ng Jin , Cai Ling , Girard Luc , Prall Owen W.J. , Rajan Neeha , Khoo Christine , Batrouney Ahida , Byrne David J. , Boyd Danielle K. , Kersbergen Ariena J. , Christie Michael , Minna John D. , Burr Marian L. , Sutherland Kate D.
Published: May 2024

List of cell lines from Figure 1D and their NE-score.