bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
eHealth literacy, information sources, and health webpage reading patterns
Authors: Chang Yung‐Sheng , Gwizdka Jacek , Zhang Yan
Published: October 2020

A lab‐based experiment was conducted to understand how eHealth literacy and information source affect reading vs. scanning behavior on health webpages. Participants read 15 webpages from commercial, government, and online forum sources while their eye movements were tracked. Negative binomial regression and Kruskal‐Wallis tests revealed that high eHealth literacy participants tend to scan webpages, while low literacy participants tend to read webpages. There were no differences in the tendencies to scan or read among different information sources. Our work shows that observable objective information behavior is attributable to eHealth literacy and may provide additional insights to the measurement of eHealth literacy.
Privacy considerations when predicting mental health using social media
Authors: Wang Tian , Bashir Masooda
Published: October 2020

In recent years the number of individuals struggling with mental illness has increased, and traditional mental health services are now considered insufficient under the current circumstances which has prompted researchers to develop new approaches for mental healthcare. Social media usage is growing, and it is been utilized to help provide additional insight on mental health by using the information shared by individuals, as well as data taken from their social media activity. While this approach may provide a unique and effective perspective for mental health services, it is critical that privacy risks and protections are considered in the process. Social media services collect, process, and stores a substantial amount of information about its users and how that information is shared as well as what type of predictions are made may pose serious privacy concerns. This study aims to understand how privacy is addressed and emphasized during the process of using social media data for mental healthcare by constructing a systematic review on previous scholarly papers related to the topic. Solove's taxonomy of privacy is used to evaluate these publications privacy considerations and to demonstrate the privacy risks that may arise when social media data is used for mental health.
Authorship analysis of English and Spanish tweets
Authors: AlRashdan Mohammed N. , Abdullah Malak , Al‐Ayyoub Mahmoud , Jararweh Yaser
Published: October 2020

With the countless advantages gained from the free, open, and ubiquitous nature of online social networks, they do come with their own set of problems and challenges. E.g., they represent a fertile ground for fake accounts and autonomous bots to spread fake news. Revealing whether some text content is written by a bot or a human would be of great value in the fight against the spreading of fake news and misinformation. In this paper, we address this problem using different Machine Learning (ML) techniques: conventional, Deep Learning (DL) based and Transfer Learning (TL) based. Using the dataset of the well‐known PAN 2019 Author Profiling Task, we show how relatively simple conventional ML methods can outperform DL and TL based ones for different languages (English and Spanish). In fact, our simplest model performs closely to the state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) systems for the English language and even outperforms the SOTA systems for the Spanish language.
Purpose, completeness, and evidential source: Typological signposts in the collections landscape
Authors: Fenlon Katrina , Grimmer Jessica H. , Thurston Courtnie
Published: October 2020

The diversification of digital scholarship poses significant challenges to integrating non‐traditional products of humanities scholarship—ranging from digital editions and linked data aggregations to software and virtual environments—into established ecosystems for sustaining and preserving scholarly communication. Without a strong understanding of the variety of forms of digital scholarship, it is difficult to establish broadly useful or systematic (and therefore sustainable) approaches to managing diverse digital products throughout their lifecycles. This study illuminates one region of the landscape of digital humanities scholarship by identifying and characterizing different types of scholar‐generated digital collections which make different contributions to scholarship. Through formal typological analysis of approximately 200 scholar‐generated digital humanities research collections, this study offers conceptual handles for understanding the principal purposes and contributions of digital collections, and the implications for evaluation, sustainment, and preservation of digital scholarship.
Scientific data management in the federal government: A case study of NOAA and responsibility for preserving digital data
Authors: Kriesberg Adam , Kowall Jacob
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we examine the ways in which the evolution of federal and agency‐specific data management policies has affected and continues to affect the long‐term preservation of digital scientific data produced by the United States government. After reviewing the existing literature on the role of archival theory and practice in the preservation of scientific data, we present the case of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to analyze how data management activities at this agency are shaped by legislative mandates as well as both government‐wide and agency‐specific information‐management policies. Through the connected network of law, federal policy, agency policy, and the records schedules which govern recordkeeping practice in the federal government, we propose a number of further questions on how government agencies can effectively provide for the management of scientific data as federal records.
Opening up the black box of scholarly synthesis: Intermediate products, processes, and tools
Authors: Qian Xin , Fenlon Katrina , Lutters Wayne , Chan Joel
Published: October 2020

Synthesis is a foundational scholarly product that generates new conceptual wholes from independent intellectual sources. But effective synthesis products—such as literature reviews—are rare, in part due to inadequate support from existing tools and information systems. A detailed, situated understanding of the work practices behind synthesis is necessary to inform the development of synthesis tools. Previous work in scholarly primitives, active reading, and sensemaking provide partial explanations of aspects of synthesis, but a detailed explanation of scholarly synthesis, specifically, is lacking. This paper presents a foundational empirical examination of the work practices behind synthesis to address the gap, focusing on unpacking the intermediate products, processes, and tools through in‐depth contextual interviews with scholars. Results shed light on the distinctive intermediate products generated during synthesis—including in‐source annotations, per‐source summaries, and cross‐source syntheses—as well as effortful processes for nonlinear progression of these intermediate products towards a final synthesis product. These products and practices were also embedded in a complex ecology of creative re‐appropriated tools. This work enriches understanding of the complex scholarly practices that produce synthesis and opens up a research agenda for understanding and supporting scholarly synthesis more generally.
Understanding users' accessing behaviors to local Open Government Data via transaction log analysis
Authors: Xiao Fanghui , Wang Zhendong , He Daqing
Published: October 2020

The rapid development of Open Government Data (OGD) and the increasing attention on data use/reuse have stimulated many studies on data‐related issues. However, the findability of OGD is still one of the major challenges. Aiming to ameliorate the situation that “data is hard to find”, this paper examines OGD users' needs and accessing behaviors when interacting with local OGD portals. Transaction log analysis and web content mining were used in order to obtain insights from large groups of OGD users in an unobtrusive manner. Through analyzing transaction log data from three local OGD portals, including Open Data Philly (opendataphilly.org), Western Pennsylvania Regional Data Center (wprdc.org) and Analyze Boston (data.boston.gov), our study shows that users relied on different channels to enter local OGD portals, and such channels have different impacts on user success in finding the sought‐after data. We also find that OGD users prefer browsing over searching when inside the portals, the utilization of different browsing entries, and users' data needs.
Evaluating the user experience in a digital library
Authors: Barifah Maram , Landoni Monica , Eddakrouri Ayman
Published: October 2020

Digital libraries (DLs) have been evaluated implicitly by analyzing the query behavior extracted from the log files (LFs), and explicitly by conducting user studies and usability tests. Unfortunately, such approaches do not fully assess the quality of the user experience (UX). Recently, UX is gaining momentum as a critical success factor across all sectors and became the ultimate criterion to guide user‐centered design. This is why we describe how the Mahlke's interaction UX framework can be adapted to the DL. We conducted a laboratory user study with 65 undergraduate students. Three data collection tools were considered: questionnaires, screen recording, and pick‐a‐mode scale. The findings of the study indicate that considering the UX when evaluating the DL provides useful insights of different aspects of the user interactions, perceptions and affective variables. The need to improve the DL system and simplify its interface still persists. Revisiting interfaces by implementing visualizing techniques is a possible solution.
From way across the sea: Information overload and international students during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Chang Shanton , McKay Dana , Caidi Nadia , Mendoza Antonette , Gomes Catherine , Ekmekcioglu Cansu
Published: October 2020

This panel examines the interaction between being a transient migrant, using international students as a salient example, and information behaviors in a time of COVID‐19. We address issues such as information overload, selection of information sources, and social networking. The aim of this panel is to bring together interested researchers in the areas of information practices, higher education, and intercultural communication.
My favorite unreliable source? Information sharing and acquisition through informal networks
Authors: Willson Rebekah , Buchanan George , Burnett Gary , Ellison Nicole , Erdelez Sanda , Twidale Michael
Published: October 2020

Informal information networks are the personal connections of friends, family and colleagues that people use to help them find information. Recently, a great deal of attention has been paid to social network sites, and other social media, as a key source of information and misinformation in contemporary society. This panel will probe deeper, to investigate the personal connections that underpin and lie behind the social connections visible on social network sites. This issue is of increasing importance as more of our everyday lives are moved online. We will debate what we actually know, and do not know, about how people find information through others, both on‐ and off‐line. From the panel we hope to create a network of scholars interested in creating a research agenda to make informal networks a focus of study going forward.
Open access in the age of a pandemic
Authors: Alemneh Daniel Gelaw , Hawamdeh Suliman , Chang Hsia‐Ching , Rorissa Abebe , Assefa Shimelis , Helge Kris
Published: October 2020

The COVID‐19 pandemic highlighted the importance of transparency, open, and timely access to information. Open Access (OA) has the potential to increase the exposure and use of not only published research but also authoritative and reliable information. The Coronavirus (COVID‐19) impacted the work of journalists, scientists, and doctors while ordinary citizens are seeking trusted information sources and the truth about the new virus. Government and private institutions worldwide are reacting to the new situation where researchers, educators, students, and staff are trying to adjust to remote teaching and learning as well as telecommuting. In March 2020, a message from the White House was sent to the Scholarly Publishing Community asking them to make all COVID‐19 papers openly available and machine readable. Considering the evolving and unresolved issues around OA and scholarly communications, together with the UN 2030 Agenda (a plan of action for sustainable, universal development), this panel brings together diverse perspectives to review the current landscape of OA and shed light on the role it plays in such crises. The panel will also discuss the future implications and impact of the pandemic in the overall advancement of scholarship in general.
Academic library's leadership and stakeholder involvement in research data services
Authors: Kim Jeonghyun
Published: October 2020

In the last decade, academic libraries have made progress in establishing themselves as hubs and leaders for research data services on campus. The importance of collaborating with a range of institutional stakeholders, such as the research or information technology office, as well as external partners in developing and delivering research data policy, services, and infrastructure, has been well‐documented. However, there is less evidence as to how libraries play a crucial role in leadership, whether other stakeholders’ involvement actually makes a difference and if so, how they make a difference. As such, the goal of this study is to explore the academic library's leadership role in research data services and how collaboration and partnership with stakeholders and interested parties might impact the maturity of the research data services the library provides. The secondary analysis of the existing survey data found that libraries offer more mature services when they take a primary responsibility in developing the services. It also found internal stakeholders’ and external partners’ involvement leads to more mature services in the selected activities.
An analysis framework of research frontiers based on the large‐scale open academic graph
Authors: Huang Han , Wang Hongyu , Wang Xiaoguang
Published: October 2020

As a high‐quality and well‐structured dataset, the large‐scale open academic graph formed under the influence of the open science movement has created new research conditions for research frontier analysis. Constructing the analysis framework of research frontiers based on the large‐scale open academic graph can effectively promote the realization of data‐driven knowledge discovery and the analysis and decision‐making of sci‐tech intelligence. The definition and analysis methods of research frontiers were summarized through related studies, and the data structure of the specific open academic graph was investigated. The thoughts and steps of research frontier analysis based on the open academic graph were put forward, and an available analysis framework of research frontiers based on the large‐scale open academic graph was constructed. The proposed framework can achieve deep, relevant and dynamic analysis of research frontiers in various disciplines based on the emerging large‐scale open academic graph. It will provide a novel perspective for performing dynamic analysis across time and space, multidimensional analysis under multiple factors, and multiscale evolution analysis of research frontiers.
Stigmatization in social media: Documenting and analyzing hate speech for COVID‐19 on Twitter
Authors: Fan Lizhou , Yu Huizi , Yin Zhanyuan
Published: October 2020

As the COVID‐19 pandemic has unfolded, Hate Speech on social media about China and Chinese people has encouraged social stigmatization. For the historical and humanistic purposes, this history‐in‐the‐making needs to be archived and analyzed. Using the query “china+and+coronavirus” to scrape from the Twitter API, we have obtained 3,457,402 key tweets about China relating to COVID‐19. In this archive, in which about 40% of the tweets are from the U.S., we identify 25,467 Hate Speech occurrences and analyze them according to lexicon‐based emotions and demographics using machine learning and network methods. The results indicate that there are substantial associations between the amount of Hate Speech and demonstrations of sentiments, and state demographics factors. Sentiments of surprise and fear associated with poverty and unemployment rates are prominent. This digital archive and the related analyses are not simply historical, therefore. They play vital roles in raising public awareness and mitigating future crises. Consequently, we regard our research as a pilot study in methods of analysis that might be used by other researchers in various fields.
Visualisation of hard drive content to support archival processes for personal digital archives
Authors: Bartliff Zoe , Kim Yunhyong , Baxter Guy
Published: October 2020

This research explores visualisation of data for working with personal digital archives (PDA). Large scale PDAs, comprising content from several personal hard disk drive images, are not receptive to “open the box and take a look” approaches to appraisal traditionally adopted by analogue archives. By employing a Sunburst visualisation to represent file directory structures, this paper demonstrates that it is possible to gain an “at a glance” comprehension of content organisation and date distribution, whilst concurrently allowing for the dynamic and interactive exploration of information such as usage patterns, content metadata and original order relevant to archival appraisal processes.
Serving the needs of students with disabilities: How academic librarians can collaborate with publishers and disability services offices
Authors: Day Jaxsen R. , Fleischmann Kenneth R.
Published: October 2020

Equity in education for people with disabilities is an important yet challenging goal to attain. This paper reports findings from in depth (>90 min per) interviews with academic librarians about the challenges of providing accessible materials. Key themes reported involve the relationships between academic libraries and both publishers and disabilities services offices. The paper identifies opportunities for closing the gap between the accessibility needs of students and the services and materials provided by academic libraries.
Risk and resilience in radically redefined information environments; information practices during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Lloyd Annemaree , Hicks Alison
Published: October 2020

The concept of risk, which is defined as a threat to health, wellbeing, financial and employment stability, pervades the COVID‐19 pandemic. These risks are intensified through people's access to and ability to engage with appropriate information. The research reported investigates how information practices enable people to mitigate risks and build the resilience to cope with ongoing uncertainty. The poster will present initial findings from a small pilot study that was carried out in the UK in May–June 2020. Online interviews were used to examine the lived experience of people as the pandemic progressed. Areas that were explored included awareness of emerging risk, and experiences of changing conditions that impacted on working, educational, well‐being and caring practices. A constructivist grounded theory frames the analysis and enables the development of themes which contribute to an emerging risk and resilience narrative. Findings from this research will provide insight into global responses to the COVID‐19 pandemic, while further establishing foundational knowledge that will be useful for civil contingency, emergency services, health and education professions looking to support prepared and informed communities.
Starting a search: Exploring the differences in two digital libraries
Authors: Kuhar Maja , Merčun Tanja
Published: October 2020

We conducted an eye‐tracking study in two digital libraries to examine how users orientate themselves on the digital library homepages, how fast and by which actions they initiate the search process. Results showed that participants typically started their task by querying. However, there were some differences in the elements they fixated on first, the way they started the search and the time they needed to orient on the page. These differences seem to have been caused by the homepage layout, especially by the search box position. This shows eye‐tracking can be used to examine first actions in digital libraries and could be useful for designing better interfaces.
Evaluating mobile remote presence bots for medical consultation in nursing homes
Authors: Jungo Valérie , Lueg Christopher , Hofer Franziska , Bender Matthias
Published: October 2020

Interviews with nursing home residents and medical practitioners who used a telepresence robot aka mobile remote presence bot (MRP) for medical consultation suggest that consulting via MRP is viable option for certain types of consultations. Participants perceived communication via the MRP as generally positive and the interaction felt natural even though it clearly wasn't the same as face‐to‐face conversation. The interpersonal quality of communication was slightly reduced; consultations may become more effective however this may impact on the emotional relationship between patients and doctors. Medical practitioners would be able to spend more time in conversation with their patients since time spent travelling to residential homes is greatly reduced. Consulting via MRP also offers a safe option during isolation regimes like the ones that have been implemented in long term care facilities around the world during the SARS‐CoVID‐2 pandemic.
A visualization analysis of sustainability topics in science and engineering education
Authors: Osorio Nestor L.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this project is to explore how science and engineering education are contributing to sustainability efforts; by using a cluster analysis we are examining the subject components presented in the literature, the burst of key publications, top journals, organizations, and countries. The Web of Science is being used as a source for bibliographic data produced during the period from 2000 to 2020.A set of selected terms are searched for in the database and the data collected is properly formatted and exported to the data visualization software VOSviewer and CiteSpace.Six major topical clusters are identified and the bursts of nine sources are reported. In addition, influential institutions, and publications, and the international scope of the subject are presented.
A quantitative text analysis of artificial intelligence industry policy in China
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Lixuan
Published: October 2020

The artificial intelligence(AI)industry develops rapidly in China in recent years. China's governments have made relevant policies for this promising industry. This paper constructed a two‐dimensional research framework of policy tools and policy objectives for quantitative study of policy texts. We analyzed 39 Chinese national policy texts from 2015 to 2019 in which the AI industry is mentioned. We found that for China's AI industry policy‐making, supply‐side policy tools are most widely used, whereas the application of environmental‐side and demand‐side policy tools are relatively limited. The policy objectives mainly focused on industrial upgrading. Due to the uneven distribution of policy tools applications, we put forward some suggestions for better AI industrial policy‐making.
Identifying citation growth patterns of the top scholars in Israel
Authors: Weinberger Maor , Zhitomirsky‐Geffet Maayan , Bouhnik Dan
Published: October 2020

In this study we analysed the citation trajectories of 200 tenured Israeli professors, focusing on the differences between the most impactful and the least impactful scholars from various disciplines. Seven typical citation growth patterns have been identified and quantified based on the Web of Science citation trajectories of the scholars. Major slope changes in the scholar's citation trajectories and their relative timing were utilized as indicators of a pattern. Significant differences in citation growth patterns were found between high‐impact and low‐impact professors. This research provides a methodological basis for predicting scholar's career evolution based on their citation growth patterns.
Understanding heutagogy during a pandemic: A case of Universitas Indonesia
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi
Published: October 2020

The COVID‐19 pandemic has not stopped the academic world. Since mid‐March of 2020, lecturers at Universitas Indonesia have facilitated the learning process by providing teaching resources as well as guidance through teleconferencing platforms. This study shows the importance of self‐tracking in academia, especially for lecturers. Our findings suggest approaches to measure lecturers’ performance levels through a quiz and questions raised to understand students’ behaviors.
Search engines and the sex education information practices of LGBTQ+ youth
Authors: Delmonaco Daniel , Marcu Gabriela , Haimson Oliver L.
Published: October 2020

Online resources are vital to the health information practices of LGBTQ+ youth, especially when finding information related to sex education topics. As LGBTQ+ youth use the internet, particularly Google Search, to meet their sex and sexual health information needs, it is important to understand both the information practices related to this unique search experience and how the affordances of this particular search engine impact the information seeking process. The goal of this project is to study the online information practices of LGBTQ+ youth when searching for sex education information, specifically perceptions of and interactions with search engines. Using semi‐structured interviews, we ask LGBTQ+ youth to discuss their information practices related to sex education information and use Google Search to answer sample questions related to sex and sexual health. In this work in progress poster, we discuss our theoretical framing, methods, and preliminary results.
Practices for evaluating qualitative research in information science
Authors: Rügenhagen Melanie
Published: October 2020

This work presents the research in progress for my doctorate in information science at Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin. This research investigates practices for evaluating qualitative research in information science in the context of academic peer review for journals and conferences. The main goals are to identify how information science reviewers conceive of the quality of qualitative research, what practices they employ in evaluating qualitative research, what shapes these approaches, and what role standardization plays in this context.
Users' perception of rural public digital cultural services in China
Authors: Wang Meng , Sun Honglei Lia , Chen Ya , Hua Yuwen
Published: October 2020

In recent years, China has attached great importance to the construction of rural public culture, however, the user loss of rural public digital cultural services (RPDCS) is serious. To reveal users' perception of RPDCS, we employed a mixed‐method to investigate users' perception of RPDCS and explore the relationship between users' perception of RPDCS and user churn of RPDCS. The preliminary findings show that most users believed that RPDCS were not highly related to themselves, and RPDCS had few values but cannot bear to give up. Furthermore, we find that increasing use‐perceived involvement and usefulness will alleviate users' churn of RPDCS.
NER‐RAKE: An improved rapid automatic keyword extraction method for scientific literatures based on named entity recognition
Authors: Huang Han , Wang Xiaoguang , Wang Hongyu
Published: October 2020

The proposing of an accurate and efficient model for automatic keyword extraction of scientific literature is conducive to promoting the development of academic text mining research, such as literature retrieval optimization, research topic discovery, topic evolution analysis, emerging trend detection and so on, with the continuous expansion of digital academic resources. A keyword extraction method is proposed called NER‐RAKE which combines Named Entity Recognition (NER) process with Rapid automatic keyword extraction (RAKE), Bidirectional Long Short‐Term Memory Network Conditional Random Field (BiLSTM‐CRF) is used to recognize the domain entities in the scientific literature so as to enrich the list of candidate keywords divided by RAKE, and the frequency threshold is set to ensure the validity of candidate keywords. NER‐RAKE is better than RAKE in accuracy and recall rate through the keyword extraction experiment in the computer science field. It is effective to combine the process of NER with RAKE, which can improve the efficiency of keyword extraction.
Exploring how topic characteristics influence online discussion quality
Authors: Liu Jieli , Gao Zihan , Zhang Pengyi
Published: October 2020

The quality of online discussions is essential to community development. Prior research has provided evidence of how different factors, such as anonymity, influence the discussion quality, but little is known about how topic characteristics and online discussion quality are related. We analyzed a collection 726 posts about 10 topics, and the finding suggest that domain and sentiment polarity of topics has effect on the politeness of discussions. Sensitive and sociological topics might engage more relevant posts.
Mobile APP Micro‐Usage during the mobile search
Authors: Liang Shaobo , Zang Lan
Published: October 2020

Mobile users' micro‐usage behavior on smartphones has got researchers' attention, while current studies have not focused on the mobile search context. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of micro‐usage behavior in mobile search sessions and the triggers for them, through mixed methods. The findings revealed that micro‐usage mainly occurred on social and communication APPs. Searching for information about games and health can trigger more micro‐usage. Besides, chatting with others was the most important causes of micro‐usage. This study helps to better understand mobile usage behavior and micro‐usage in a search session.
Smart bookshelf for library book management
Authors: Tang Mingwei , Chen Jiangping , Chen Haihua
Published: October 2020

The misplacement of books in a library is a common problem, which makes books difficult to locate. We propose a smart bookshelf solution based on RFID technology to allow easy locating of books. In our proposed solution, each book is equipped with a RFID tag while each layer of a bookshelf is equipped with a RFID reader. The bookshelf could then detect which books are shelved there and where each of them should be. The RFID readers collect and transfer the book placement information to a management system with which patrons and librarians can easily locate a given book.
¿A social journalism? Trump's immigration order on Spanish press
Authors: Asensio‐Pérez Paula , Domínguez‐Delgado Rubén
Published: October 2020

We made a case study analyzing and comparing the journalistic treatment in news articles published in two of the most important newspapers in Spain, ElPaís and ABC, during the first week from the approval by President Trump of the Executive Order 13769, Protecting the Nation from Foreign Terrorist Entry into the United States, published on January 27, 2017. We are finding out if a social journalism was made in these media when covering this relevant facts which affected fundamentally immigrants.
A cluster analysis of data mining studies in library and information science from 2006 to 2018
Authors: Ma Jinxuan , Lund Brady
Published: October 2020

Analyzing content from articles published in major LIS journals during the years 2006, 2012, and 2018, this study examines the use of data mining strategies in LIS research. A total of 301 articles were identified that utilized data mining strategies across the 3 years studied, with the JASIST having the most such articles with 42, with Information Processing and Management following close behind with 32. A cluster analysis performed based on word frequency in these articles abstracts identified three unique clusters associated with the topics of Publications/Citations, Consumer Behavior, and Information/Media Use. A cluster analysis of the proportion of articles indicates a shift away from Publications/Citations towards more Consumer Behavior‐based data mining studies.
The collaborative structure of synthetic biology ethics
Authors: Sepulvado Brandon , Jett Jacob , Downie J. Stephen
Published: October 2020

Although synthetic biology is now an established field, ethical reflection surrounding it has only recently become a subject of sustained scientific inquiry. This poster displays the results from a series of network analyses examining how synthetic biology ethics is evolving. The studies gather ethics articles from 802 institutions and 2,179 authors and suggest that the fields' social structure has become democratized at the individual level but remains dominated by a handful of institutions at the organizational level.
Pulling back the curtain on conducting social impact research
Authors: Willson Rebekah , Greyson Devon , N. Gibson Amelia , Bronstein Jenny
Published: October 2020

Conducting research that has social impact is more than simply disseminating research when it is completed. It is more than looking at the influence research has on a research field or discipline. Conducting research that has social impact is a process of engaging communities in the research process and ensuring that the communities that take part in the research experience benefits. Socially impactful research is messy and challenging. It takes commitment from researchers to consider social impact and integrate practices into the entire research process from planning to collecting data, to communicating and implementing findings with communities. While this research is taking place within the field of information behavior/information practices, many of the ways this research is carried out are hidden. In this panel, four information behavior/information practice researchers will discuss research projects that have social impact and “pull back the curtain” on their approach to this research, what this means practically for carrying out this research, as well as how research findings are communicated and applied.
Storing bibliographic data in multiple formats with the NPDS cyberinfrastructure
Authors: Taswell S. Koby , Uhegbu Kelechi , Mashkoor Sohyb , Dutta Shiladitya , Taswell Carl
Published: October 2020

The PORTAL‐DOORS Project (PDP) aims to develop the Nexus‐PORTAL‐DOORS‐Scribe (NPDS) Cyberinfrastructure as a distributed network of data repositories that communicate with each other using a common message exchange standard. These data repositories include a collection of servers with a system of registries, directories, and diristries for diverse resources including bibliographic information records. Examples of resource metadata representations can be viewed at PDP participating websites. Until now, PDP has not supported convenient import or export of bibliographic records to or from any of the common bibliographic standards. In this report, we describe our progress on our new PDP utilities for interoperability between the format for NPDS records and various bibliographic formats such as BIBFRAME, MARC, RIS, and BibLaTeX. We will detail the import process when using a converter that transforms bibliographic citations in other formats and stores them in an NPDS diristry. Improved interoperability for conversion between bibliographic records in other traditional formats with the NPDS format will support a variety of use cases that require either lexical and/or semantic parsing of cited references.
Dispersal of boll weevil toward and within the cotton plant and implications for insecticide exposure
Authors: Arruda Lucas S , Torres Jorge B , Rolim Guilherme G , Silva‐Torres Christian SA
Published: October 2020

BACKGROUND

Immature stages of boll weevil complete development endophytically leaving only the adult stage accessible for chemical control. We tested the hypothesis that boll weevil colonization of the cotton plants significantly affects their exposure to sprayed insecticides. We determined the adult dispersal toward and within cotton plants, lethal time (LT), and residual control by recommended insecticides (malathion, carbosulfan, thiamethoxam, fipronil, beta‐cyfluthrin, lambda‐cyhalothrin, and thiamethoxam + lambda‐cyhalothrin) through dried residue exposure and residual control regarding the leaf position in the upper and the lower thirds of the treated plant canopy.

RESULTS

Newly emerged adults from fallen buds reached the cotton plants by walking (80%) and most of the time settling on cotton bolls in the lower part of the plants (78%). Irrespective of sex and mating status, adults released on the upper part of the plant remained longer on the same release site than the lower part, with some individuals remaining up to 50 h on the same flower bud. The shortest LT90 was found with thiamethoxam (106 h). Fipronil and malathion, respectively, provided the longest (>144 h) and shortest (24 h) residual control times and caused boll weevil mortality above 80%.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that weevils accessing the cotton plants exhibited within‐plant distribution that minimizes their contact with insecticide residue on plant foliage. Furthermore, short residual control with malathion, the most used insecticide against boll weevil, and the low susceptibility exhibited by the tested population to pyrethroids highlight the current challenges faced for boll weevil control in Brazilian cotton fields. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
Demographic dynamics across urban settings and implications for ethnic geographies
Authors: Imeraj Lena , Finney Nissa , Gadeyne Sylvie
Published: October 2020

There remains a tendency to treat demographic components of urban change in isolation from one another, neglecting the interplay between them. Thus, research has fallen short of an integrated demographic approach for explaining ethnic densification and segregation. To address this shortfall, this paper attends to the dynamics of the components of demographic change and in particular their migrant‐ and location‐specific expressions. The analyses use linked individual‐level comprehensive Belgian census data from 1991 and 2001, focussing on 12 ethnic groups and five cities. The demographic decomposition provides three conclusions: the contribution of demographic components of population change varies spatially at city and neighbourhood levels; co‐ethnics in differing urban settings have heterogeneous demographic experience; and demographic components of change are generally reproducing ethnic geographies, but some trends of deconcentration are observed. These findings provide a more nuanced perspective on segregation debates and demographic models of migrant integration.
Underwater navigation with 2D forward looking SONAR: An adaptive unscented Kalman filter‐based strategy for AUVs
Authors: Franchi Matteo , Ridolfi Alessandro , Allotta Benedetto
Published: October 2020

One of the most significant challenges in the underwater domain is to retrieve the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) position within the surrounding environment. Indeed, reliable navigation systems are fundamental to perform complex tasks and missions. Most of the navigation filters for AUVs are based on Bayesian estimators such as the linear Kalman Filter (KF), the extended KF, the unscented KF, or the particle filter where, usually, different instruments including a Doppler velocity log (DVL) contribute to the localization task. The usage of forward‐looking SONARs (FLS) in navigation‐aiding is, most of the time, devoted to limiting the navigation drift of the AUV by using simultaneous localization and mapping methods. Therefore, these devices are commonly employed with a standard navigation sensors set comprising an attitude heading reference system and a DVL. In this contribution, the authors propose a novel navigation strategy specifically tailored to AUVs based on an adaptive unscented KF, where linear speed estimations are obtained with a 2D FLS instead of with a DVL and therefore promoting the employment of FLSs as an aid for underwater navigation. The marine robotics community could gain significant benefits from reliable navigation achieved with an FLS‐based navigation architecture. Most importantly, a single FLS can be used for imaging‐related applications (i.e., sonograms acquisition) and navigation, where, instead, different dedicated devices are currently employed for the two tasks. Smaller AUVs usually possess reduced payload carrying capabilities; thus, multitasking use of onboard sensors, which leads to compactness, is a desirable feature. Navigation data obtained during sea trials performed in La Spezia (Italy) at the NATO STO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation has been used for offline validation. Afterward, the online results of real autonomous underwater missions undertaken in La Spezia (Italy) and at Vulcano Island, Messina (Italy), are reported.
Initial formation kinetics of calcium phosphate on titanium in Hanks' solution characterized using XPS
Authors: Hiji Akari , Hanawa Takao , Shimabukuro Masaya , Chen Peng , Ashida Maki , Ishikawa Kunio
Published: October 2020

One cause of the excellent hard‐tissue compatibility of Ti and Ti alloys compared with other metals is their ability to form calcium phosphate in biological environments. This is confirmed by many studies, although the formation mechanism has not been completely elucidated. In this study, to elucidate the initial formation kinetics of calcium phosphate on Ti in the human body, Ti was immersed in a simulated body fluid, Hanks' solution, for 100–106 s, followed by precise characterization using XPS. Ti specimens immersed in diluted Hanks' solutions were also characterized. The results reveal that phosphate ions are preferentially adsorbed and are incorporated onto the Ti surface in 100–102 s. This reaction is slow, and the apparent thickness of the surface layer is almost constant as 5.2 nm until 102 s. However, both calcium and phosphate ions are then rapidly incorporated, and calcium phosphate is formed after 103 s. The amounts of both calcium and phosphate increase with the logarithm of time because calcium and phosphate ions react directly with the Ti surface until 105 s. Other elements contained in Hanks' solution are not incorporated, calcium phosphate being formed preferentially. The incorporation of calcium is faster than that of phosphate, and the [Ca]/[P] ratio increases with the logarithm of time after 103 s. However, the chemical state of surface oxide film itself on Ti does not changed by immersion in Hanks' solution. The formation kinetics of calcium phosphate on Ti in a simulated body fluid are clearly revealed by this study.
Development of Silver Nanoparticles Decorated on Functional Glass Slide as Highly Efficient and Recyclable Dip Catalyst
Authors: Majhi Shukla , Sharma Keshav , Singh Renuka , Ali Mohd , Tripathi Chandra Shekhar Pati , Guin Debanjan
Published: October 2020

The development of a highly reusable and extremely efficient catalyst is still a fundamental as well as technological problem. Here, we report on the preparation and catalytic applications of Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) immobilized on amine terminated glass slide as a dip catalyst for the transformation of nitrophenol, intramolecular cascade reaction and synthesis of 5‐Phenyl‐1H‐tetrazole. The dip catalyst system consists of AgNPs stabilized on microscopic glass slide as the support. AgNPs were decorated on the glass slide by modifying the glass surface with (3‐Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). The dip catalyst was characterized using SEM, EDX, FTIR, and TEM, and AFM. This system is found to be stable in both organic and aquous solvents and exhibits excellent recyclability even at high temperatures. The catalyst was used for 20 cycles of nitrophenol reduction reaction and 5 cycles for other reactions in this study to test its efficiency. No any significant decrease was observed in the activity of the catalyst. We have also investigated the applicability of the AgNPs immobilized on functional glass slide as surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate to understand the catalytic reduction reaction mechanism.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG‐400) Mediated One‐pot Green Synthesis of 4,7‐Dihydro‐2H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridines Under Catalyst‐free Conditions
Authors: Kerru Nagaraju , Gummidi Lalitha , Maddila Suresh , Jonnalagadda Sreekantha B.
Published: October 2020

Polyethylene glycol (PEG‐400) was proved a highly efficient and green solvent reaction medium for the synthesis of series of novel 3,6‐dimethyl‐4,7‐dihydro‐2H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐b]pyridine derivatives with excellent yields by a three‐component reaction of 1H‐pyrazol‐3‐amino‐5‐methyl, various aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes and chosen CH‐active compounds under catalyst‐free conditions via one‐pot strategy. This transformation is compatible with a broad diversity of functional group tolerance. Rapid synthesis, mild reaction conditions, high yields, no catalyst or column chromatography, cost‐effectiveness and green solvent are the benefits of this protocol.
Competitive CuAAC Reaction between Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Alkynes with Azides in Water
Authors: Shin Jung‐Ah , Jung Haeji , Lim Yeong‐Gweon
Published: October 2020

The copper‐catalyzed azide alkyne 1,3‐cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction has received enormous attention as a powerful tool to form 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazoles easily and conveniently. Particularly, an efficient protocol of the CuAAC reaction for regioselective double ligation through differentiating the reactivity of an azide or alkyne group is interesting for application in chemical biology, material science and pharmaceutical research. Herein, a simple competitive CuAAC reaction in water using miscibility difference of alkynes with water was discovered. Under conventional CuSO4‐NaAsc catalysts, the CuAAC reaction between a water‐insoluble alkyne and an organic azide furnished a wide range of triazole adducts primarily based on a hydrophobic effect in good‐to‐excellent yields even in the presence of a water‐soluble alkyne. This protocol provides environmentally friendly conditions for aqueous medium, easy and convenient access to triazoles without specially designed ligands for the activation and stabilization of the Cu catalyst and thus is applicable to various fields of chemistry.
Structure‐Activity Relationship of Indolylkojylmethane Based on Antiproliferative Activity against Breast Cancer
Authors: Koli Papita , Reena  , Mehra Rukmankesh , Sharma Deepak K.
Published: October 2020

A series of indolylkojylmethane (IKM) derivatives (1–23) was synthesized using a multicomponent one‐pot reaction under solvent‐free condition using a heterogeneous catalyst. The synthesized compounds were screened against breast cancer cell lines MDA‐MB‐231, MCF7, and T47D. The structure‐activity relationship revealed that IKM synthesized from aliphatic aldehydes (9–11) were active against all three cell lines and showed IC50 value of 0.15 μM–3.93 μM. IKM synthesized from aromatic aldehydes having electron‐donating group (1, 5, and 6) specifically inhibited the proliferation of the MDA‐MB‐231 cell line. The effect of various substituted indoles (12–17) was also studied and observed that compound 14 synthesized from 5‐cyanoindole, specifically inhibited T47D cell line proliferation. Replacing indole (1) with nucleophiles (18–23) in IKM decreased the antiproliferative activity. Compound 10 synthesized from kojic acid, indole and octanal was found to be most potent with IC50 values of 0.21, 0.15, and 3.45 μM against MDA‐MB‐231, MCF7, and T47D, respectively.