bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patriotic education of a student’s linguistic personality (on the example of the academic discipline «Lawyer’s speech culture»)
Authors: Ryadovykh Natal’ya A.
Published: April 2024

The paper considers the possibility of a comprehensive educational impact on the patriotic development of a student’s linguistic personality when mastering a speech discipline. Currently, the patriotic consciousness of young people becomes the basis of national security and acquires strategic importance in state policy. In higher education, including law school, the issues of patriotism are given great importance. The formation of a future professional correlates with the idea of the phenomenon of linguistic personality, reflecting communicative and ideological features. At present, the linguodidactic potential of patriotic education of students during the study of foreign languages is being actively studied. It seems relevant to combine the educational and educational process in the native language as part of the study of the discipline of speech culture. The purpose of the study is to develop methodological recommendations for the preparation of text tasks that ensure the formation of the linguistic personality of a law school student in the aspect of patriotic education based on the material of the academic discipline «Lawyer’s speech Culture». In the process of research, teaching methods are used that provide for the cognitive activity of students. The educational component is provided by the content of text tasks that actualize in practice the theoretical basis of the speech discipline. As a result of the research, it is revealed that the content of patriotic texts as part of didactic tasks, as well as topics related to issues of patriotism proposed for discussion at debates, cause a great emotional response among students. Performing tasks, students express correct value judgments, which indicates the effectiveness of educational influence. The conducted research in practice confirms the effectiveness of the educational approach that contributes to the development of patriotic consciousness of the student’s linguistic personality.
The role of autonomous learning in the study of grammar by economics and foreign language students (pedagogical profile with two areas of training)
Authors: Shvaikina Nina S. , Popel Alexander A. , Volova Viktoria M.
Published: April 2024

Currently, an integral part of the learning process is the development and honing of the skills of competent use of a foreign language – the most important criterion in any field. The sphere of economics and pedagogy is no exception, because specialists in the presented direction should formulate thoughts succinctly, both in written and oral forms. In pedagogical science, there is a search for effective means to improve grammatical skills and abilities. In this paper, the authors present autonomous learning as an effective tool in the study of grammar, which implies that students should have the opportunity to learn the rules themselves and consolidate them in practice. Autonomous learning implies the improvement of self-regulation and critical thinking, which, in turn, is extremely important in possible non-standard situations that may arise in the course of professional activity. The limitless possibilities of autonomous learning are various online resources, interactive tasks, audio and video materials, electronic literature, grammar exercises. It is thanks to such aspects that students enrich their vocabulary, as well as significantly improve their pronunciation and text construction skills. The aim of the work is to reveal the specifics of the format of autonomous learning by students of the direction "Economics and foreign language" in the study of grammar. The object of the study is the field of formation of autonomous learning skills in the study of grammar. The subject of the study is the introduction of M. Schmitt’s autonomous model "Integrated Learning" in the process of studying grammar of students in the specialties "Economics and foreign language". The scientific novelty of this research is expressed in the creation of its own autonomous learning model and its components. The practical significance of the work is in the possible application of the proposed exercises in autonomous learning by students of the specialization under study. The results of this study will contribute to the field of linguodidactics, as well as attract the attention of teachers, students and all interested parties to innovative approaches in teaching grammar. In addition, the findings allow us to identify effective strategies for autonomous learning that can be used in teaching practice in any field.
The Design and Implementation of a Semantic-Based Proactive System for Raw Sensor Data: A Case Study for Laboratory Environments
Authors: Milli Mehmet , Aktaş Özlem , Milli Musa , Lakestanı Sanaz
Published: April 2024

Abstract— In the last decade, raw sensor data from sensor-based systems, the area of use of which has increased considerably, pose a fundamentally new set of research challenges, including structuring, sharing, and management. Although many different academic studies have been conducted on the integration of sets of data emerging from different sensor-based systems until present, these studies have generally focused on the integration of data as syntax. Studies on the semantic integration of data are limited, and still, the area of the study mentioned have problems that await solutions. In this article; parameters (CO2, TVOC, CO, PM2.5, PM10, Temperature, Humidity, Light), affecting laboratory analysis results and threatening the analyst's health, were measured in laboratory environments selected as “use cases”, and semantic-based information management framework was created for different sensor-based systems. Classical machine learning methods, and regression approaches which are frequently used for such sensor data, have been applied to the proposed sensor ontology and it has been measured that machine learning algorithm performs better on ontological sensor data. The most efficient algorithms in terms of accuracy and time were selected, and integrated into the proposed proactive approach, in order to take the selected laboratory environment’s condition under control.
Design and analysis of L and LCL filters for grid-connected HNPC inverters used in renewable energy systems
Authors: Cengiz Muhammet , Duman Turgay
Published: April 2024

With the widespread integration of renewable energy systems (RES) into the electric grid, maintaining power quality within specified limits has become a major focus. The total harmonic distortion (THD) value of the currents transferred to the grid and directly affecting power quality in (RES) such as grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) and fuel cells (FC) should not exceed 5%. To achieve this objective, various filter topologies are used to interface between the inverters, which are components of PV and FC systems, and the grid.Although there are numerous filter topologies, L and LCL-type passive filters are the most commonly used topologies in grid-connected systems. This study analyzes the L and LCL-type filter topologies for the H-bridge neutral point clamped (HNPC) inverter. The study’s modeling was carried out in the MATLAB/Simulink®. By comparing the simulation results, L and LCL filters’ harmonic attenuation capabilities, maximum power transferred to the grid, and effects on grid current have all been investigated.
Analysis and Compensation of Dead Time Harmonics Based on Time Compensation Strategy in the Single-Phase Full-Bridge Inverters
Authors: Polat Umutcan , Yıldırım Deniz
Published: April 2024

A short period, called dead time, is implemented to prevent power switching devices from shoot-through in voltage-source inverters (VSI). While adding dead time is required in the switching signals, it also causes negative effects on inverter operation such as distortion at output voltage due to significant number of harmonic components, and reduction in voltage magnitude of fundamental components. Eventually, the negative effects caused by dead time have to be compensated with compensation schemes. Different modulation schemes, which are called unipolar and bipolar switching, can be implemented in VSI, which in return might change the dead time effect. Although analysis of bipolar switching on the dead time effect has been implemented, analysis of unipolar switching is not addressed by most. In this paper, the effect of dead time on unipolar sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) is analyzed, the principle of the proposed compensation strategy is described in detail and the time compensation method with unipolar SPWM scheme is implemented using microprocessor-STM32F407G. The technique is intensively simulated and the evaluated through experimental results on resistive and resistive-inductive loads by comparing uncompensated and compensated states. Simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate and confirm the validity of the proposed dead-time compensation method.
Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α in Adaptation to Hypoxia in the Pathogenesis of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Kalinin Roman E. , Suchkov Igor' A. , Raitsev Sergey N. , Zvyagina Valentina I. , Bel'skikh Eduard S.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: A novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) emerged in December 2019 and rapidly spread over the world having provoked a pandemic of respiratory disease. This highly pathogenic virus can attack the lung tissue and derange gas exchange leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome and systemic hypoxia. Hypoxic conditions trigger activation of adaptation mechanisms including hypoxia-inducible factor-1á (HIF-1á) which is involved in the regulation of the key processes, e. g, proliferation and metabolism of cells and angiogenesis. Besides, the level of HIF-1á expression is associated with the intensity of the immune response of an organism including that of the innate immunity mediating inflammatory reaction. Therefore, understanding the peculiarities of the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of this disease is of great importance for effective therapy of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
AIM: Analysis of the current data on HIF-1á and its effect on the pathogenesis and progression of COVID-19.
The analysis of the relevant domestic and international literature sources was performed in the following sections: HIF-1á as a key factor of adaptation to hypoxia, targets for HIF-1á in the aspect of the pathogenesis of COVID-19, disorders in HIF-1á-mediated adaptation to hypoxia as an element of the pathogenesis of hyperactivation of the immune cells.
CONCLUSION: HIF-1á prevents penetration of SARS-CoV-2 virus into a cell and primarily acts as the main regulator of the proinflammatory activity at the inflammation site surrounded by hypoxia. In the conditions of the deranged metabolic flexibility, a high level of HIF-1á evokes an excessive inflammatory response of the immune cells. A high HIF-1á level in cells of the inflammation focus is associated with enhanced production of the factors of angiogenesis mediating vascular permeability and capillary leakage process. This is accompanied by tissue damage and organ failure. At the same time, HIF-1á can mediate the anti-inflammatory effect through activation of adenosine receptor-dependent pathway, which is considered as a probable protection of cells and organs against damage by hyperactive immune cells.
Pathogenetic Aspects of Bronchial Asthma Phenotyping
Authors: Byalovskiy Yuriy Yu. , Glotov Sergey  I. , Rakitina Irina  S. , Ermachkova Anna  N.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: During a many-year history of its study, bronchial asthma (BA) has gone through the stages of numerous classifications. The introduction of specific biological therapy of BA permitted to speak about the phenotypes of the disease.
AIM: Presentation of the main pathophysiological mechanisms for isolation of endotypes and phenotypes of BA.
The diagnosis of phenotype of BA is based on the pathophysiological mechanisms of its development, which permit to evaluate the dynamics of the disease, make the diagnosis and predict the course of the disease. The most complicated aspect of BA phenotyping is severe forms of the disease characterized by a combination of different phenotypes. This impedes evaluation of specific pathogenetic mechanisms and administration of the optimal therapy for the patient.
CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of BA phenotypes permits to identify specific pathogenetic mechanisms and thereby personalize the treatment.
Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Peristalsis Disorders in Chronic Constipation
Authors: Shevchenko Tat'yana I. , Shvorob Danil S. , Abramyan Arina A. , Grekov Il'ya S.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Chronic constipation is one of the most pressing problems in the contemporary coloproctology, which is observed in 14%–16% of the population of developed countries. The causes of chronic constipation widely vary from functional to organic. Pathogenesis of this syndrome is based on peristalsis disorders.
AIM: Analysis and systematization of the relevant literature data on pathogenetic mechanisms of disorders in peristalsis in chronic constipation.
Peristalsis is controlled by the influence of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system on the enteric nervous system. The latter, in turn, is regulated by a complex interaction of nerve cells (afferent, motor, mechanosensitive neurons, interneurons, glial cells) with auxiliary cells (enterochromaffin, interstitial, mast cells, fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelium). The intercellular relations provide homeostasis of ions, hormones and neurotransmitters.
CONCLUSION: A disorder in any of the numerous regulatory mechanisms can lead to chronic constipation, and understanding of many-sided pathways of the pathogenesis of the disease will permit to justify and apply the best treatment methods.
Morphometric Features of Different Types of Bifurcations in the Splenic Intraorgan Arterial System in Individuals of Different Gender and Age
Authors: Dadashev Ali Sh. , Zenin Oleg K. , Miltykh Ilia S. , Kafarov Edgar S.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: A promising direction that has recently emerged in morphology is investigation of the arterial bed of various human organs as fractal or quasi-fractal systems. Conceptual models have been developed permitting a quantitative description of the vascular bed features. This approach will help to create a morphometric standard of the intraorgan blood flow, which will be useful in objective diagnosis of probable deviations from the normal structure.
AIM: To identify the morphometric features of various types of bifurcations of the splenic intraorgan arterial bed in individuals of different gender and age.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The characteristics of the splenic intraorgan arterial bed have been studied in 67 individuals who died suddenly and from accidental causes at the age of 21 to 60 years. The arterial bed was represented as connected graphs with vertices corresponding to the bifurcation points of arteries, and edges to the arterial segments. The diameter and length of an arterial segment were measured on corrosion preparations. Based on the morphometry data, the following parameters were determined: generation number, division level, form factor FF1, branching factor ƞ and asymmetry factor γ. Statistical analysis was carried out using the R language.
RESULTS: The total number of examined arterial bifurcations was 6,840. The examined bifurcations were located at 20 division levels and presented 8 generations. In the structure of the vascular bed, bifurcations of neutral kind (0) predominated with the relative quantity 51%. The least numerous was type 2 bifurcations — 9%. The intermediate position was taken by open (1) bifurcations accounting for about 40% in the vascular bed structure.
CONCLUSIONS: The intraorgan arterial bed of the spleen is a quasi-fractal system consisting of three types of bifurcations — open, neutral and closed. A relative number of different types of bifurcations differs depending on gender and age and is also related to the generation number and division level.
Pathomorphological Features of Placenta in Different Degrees of Severity of New Coronavirus Infection Suffered During Pregnancy
Authors: Kuklis Yuliya Ch. , Medyannikova Irina V. , Protsenko Elena V. , Kulida Lyudmila V. , Sariyeva Ol'ga P.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: A wide spread of infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related coronavirus 2 associated with a severe acute respiratory syndrome) in the population, high risks of infection in pregnant women and the lack of understanding of the mechanisms of invasion of the agent into the placenta and its effect on the perinatal outcomes, dictate the need for targeted investigation of the morphofunctional features of placentas of puerperia’s who have suffered this infection.
AIM: To identify pathomorphological alterations in placentas in a mild, moderate and severe course of the new coronavirus infection in women during pregnancy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A morphological survey research of 63 placentas of women who have suffered SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy was conducted. The material was divided into groups with mild (n = 16), moderate (n = 35) and severe (n = 12) course of the disease. The control group included 25 placentas from women with physiological pregnancy. After standard fixation and histological preparation of the material, the tissue sections of 4 µm to 5 µm thickness were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.
RESULTS: It has been established that the new coronavirus infection runs with general pathological alterations in the placentas. In a mild course of the infectious process, inflammation in the basal (12.5%) and parietal (25.0%) decidual membrane, disorders in maternal (6.3%) and fetal (6.3%) hemocirculation were diagnosed. A moderate course of the disease was characterized by predominance of placentas with impaired differentiation of chorionic villi by dissociation type (74.3%, p = 0.0001) and of mononuclear deciduitis (57.1%, p = 0.008). In a severe course of SARS-CoV-2 infection, abnormalities in the form of placenta (58.3%, p = 0.004) and in the attachment of the umbilicus (58.3%, p = 0.03), villous infarctions (33.3%, p = 0.05), thrombosis in the maternal (63.7%, p = 0.005) and fetal (57.3%, p = 0.005) parts of vascular bed were noted.
CONCLUSION: Thus, the mild course of SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by chronic inflammation in the structural components of the placenta, the moderate course — by the dissociated development of cotyledons, the severe course — by disorders in hemocirculation in the form of infarctions and thrombosis.
Role of Galanin Neuropeptide in Pathogenesis of Postural Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Selyanina Nataliya V. , Karakulova Yuliya V. , Khegay Ol'ga V.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Postural disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are symptoms with poorly understood pathogenesis, and the early objective diagnosis is difficult. In the literature, the influence of galanin neuromodulator on many structures of peripheral and central nervous system has been described, which indicates the probable involvement of the nervous system in the formation of motor disorders in PD.
AIM: To study the content of galanin neuromodulator in blood serum of patients with PD and to determine its effect on clinical manifestations of postural disorders.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-three patients with PD diagnosis were examined, the control group included 22 healthy volunteers. The complaints, history and neurological status were evaluated. In the main group, ‘classic’ complaints and clinical manifestations were identified. The Hoehn and Yahr unified rating scale for PD was used. The content of galanin in blood serum was determined using the enzyme-linked immunoassay.
RESULTS: The stage of the disease on average was 2 [2; 3], severity of motor deficit on the unified PD assessment scale was 46 [36; 56] points. In 8 patients, severe postural disorders were identified, moderate disorders — in 21, mild disorders — in 28 patients, very mild — in 8 patients. The level of galanin in the main group was 6.0 [4.2; 10.3] pg/ml, which is considerably lower than in the control group (16.9 [9.8; 18.1] pg/ml; р = 0.001). The correlation analysis revealed the relationship between the level of galanin and severity of postural disorders (R = -0.73; p = 0.001). With the content of galanin above 26 pg/ml, no postural disorders were present in the patients, the content 8 pg/ml — 26 pg/ml was associated with the minimal and mild disorders, 5 pg/ml – 8 pg/ml — with moderate disorders, and the content below 5 pg/ml — with severe disorders.
CONCLUSION: Reduction of serum galanin level is associated with the degree of severity of postural disorders in Parkinson’s disease.
Evaluation of Effect of Therapy with Intensive Pulsed Light on Psychoemotional State of Patients with Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea
Authors: Zhiltsova Elena E. , Mezhevaya Kseniya V.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Rosacea, or acne rosacea, is a polyetiological disease that affects the facial area, less commonly the neck and the area of decollete. The disease has diverse clinical manifestations. Erythematotelangiectatic rosacea is characterized by persistent erythema, telangiectasia of different diameters, edema of skin. Patients subjectively feel burning, heat and itching. These symptoms often lead to changes in the psychoemotional state of patients, depression, apathy.
АIM: To evaluate the effect of intensive pulsed light therapy on the severity of psychoemotional problems in patients with erythematotelangiectatic type of rosacea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-two patients were followed up. The patients were divided into 2 groups. In the first group, local therapy with azelaic acid gel was used; in the second group, a combined therapy was conducted with azelaic acid gel and intensive pulsed light on M-22 apparatus (Lumenis Ltd., Israel). Before and after a course of treatment patients were surveyed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index questionnaire.
RESULTS: After a course of the combined treatment, the second group showed an improvement of skin condition and a considerable reduction of the anxiety level in comparison with the first group where monotherapy with azelaic acid was conducted.
CONCLUSION: Therapy with intense pulsed light reduces the number of telangiectasias and brightness of erythema, which alleviates the severity of psychological problems in patients with rosacea.
Teleneurorehabilitation in Neurologic Disorders and Diseases: Potentials, Effectiveness and Barriers
Authors: Belova Anna N. , Kuznetsov Aleksey N. , Sushin Vil'yam O. , Rezenova Anastasiya M. , Shabanova Mariya A. , Sheyko Gennadiy E. , Anan'yev Roman D.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: One of the important problems of modern rehabilitation is loss of the results achieved at different stages of rehabilitation because of interruption of the recovery processes and absence of home-based rehabilitation after discharge from a medical center. The maximal effect after rehabilitation can be achieved only on condition that an integrated continuous approach is provided including distant format through use of modern digital devices and technologies to ensure the double feedback between the patient and the doctor. In this context, telemedicine acquires special significance. Teleneurorehabilitation (TNR) is a field of telemedicine ensuring accessibility and continuity of rehabilitation care to patients living in geographically remote areas.
AIM: Reporting of brief information on the possibilities of using TNR technologies in neurologic disorders and diseases.
The review includes general concepts of TNR: conditions of realization range of technical means, principles and types of remote rehabilitation interventions. Brief information is given on the possibilities of using remote technologies in motor and cognitive disorders. The effectiveness of TNR and barriers to its implementation are considered.
CONCLUSION: A large number of studies prove the technical feasibility of TNR, however, the development and maintenance of a viable model of remote rehabilitation care integrated into the existing health care system requires scientific justification of the effectiveness and economic benefits of specific technologies in specific forms of neurologic pathology. The creation of an evidence base will permit to realize the potential of TNR and make the remote form of rehabilitation a new standard of medical care not only in the era of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, but also after the pandemic.
Vascular Stiffness in Senile Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Grachev Dmitriy S. , Petrov Vadim S. , Namazova Kamila I. , Maksyakova Tat'yana A. , Tokareva Viktoriya I.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: The study of vascular stiffness is a method of assessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. One of methods of assessing arterial stiffness is theсardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), which reflects the extent of structural lesion of vessels. This index has prospects in application for studying vascular stiffness in senile individuals with chronic heart failure (CHF) to identify new predictors of the cardiovascular risk.
AIM: To study the parameters of vascular stiffness (cardio-vascular and ankle-brachial indices) in senile patients (75–89 years) with CHF using the volume sphygmography method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 120 patients (87 women and 33 men) with CHF of senile age (mean age 81.3 ± 4.2 years). In all patients, the electrocardiography and sphygmography data were analyzed with assessment of the CAVI and ankle-brachial index.
RESULTS: In patients with IV functional class (FC) CHF, the highest CAVI was found on the right exceeding the parameters of II FC CHF and III FC CHF groups by 0.57 and 1.02 units, respectively (p 0.05). The CAVI on the left in patients with IV FC CHF was higher in comparison with II FC CHF and III FC CHF groups by 0.47 and 0.6 units, respectively. There were also identified correlation relationships of vascular stiffness with the age of patients, functional class of chronic heart failure and echocardiographic parameters: left ventricle ejection fraction, left ventricle end-diastolic diameter, left-ventricle end-systolic diameter (p 0.05).
CONCLUSION: The cardio-ankle vascular index can be used to assess vascular stiffness in senile patients with CHF and can help determine the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Further studies are needed on a larger sample of patients.
Ultrastructural Features of Rabbits’ Cornea in Phacoemulsification Using New Method of Adaptive Control of Infusion
Authors: Aznabayev Bulat M. , Musina Lyalya A. , Ismagilov Timur N. , Mukhamadeyev Timur R. , Dibayev Tagir I.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Employees of the Department of Ophthalmology of Bashkir State Medical University, jointly with engineers of the Department of Microsurgical Equipment of Optimedservice, have developed a new method of adaptive control of infusion during phacoemulsification (PE) permitting to control the infusion flow depending on the changes in the rate of aspiration and infusion flows characteristic of a certain hydrodynamic situation, and also on the vacuum level in the aspiration line. An important aspect of safety of the new method is histological and electron microscopic examination of rabbits’ cornea in different periods after experimental PE. AIM: To evaluate histological and electron microscopic features of the rabbits’ cornea after experimental PE using a new method of adaptive control of infusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was conducted on 15 eyes of Chinchilla rabbits using a new method of adaptive control of infusion on the basis of Optimed Profi surgical system (Optimedservice, Russia). Histological and electron microscopic examinations of the cornea were performed on the 1st, 7th and 30th day after surgery. RESULTS: On the 1st day after surgery, according to the study data, signs of moderate edema of the corneal stroma with mild separation of collagen fiber bundles were observed. In the cell cytoplasm, signs of dystrophic processes in the epithelial cells were noticeable in the form of vacuoles of different sizes. On the 7th day after surgery, signs of alteration in the rabbits’ cornea reduced. In 30th days after surgery, based on the data of histological and electron microscopic examinations, the cornea fully corresponded to norm. CONCLUSION: The identified histological and electron microscopic alterations considerably diminish on the 7th day after surgery, and on the 30th day the ultrastructure of the cornea corresponds to the norm.
Epidemiological and Epizootological Characteristics of Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis and Tick-Borne Borreliosis in European Part of Russia
Authors: Okunev Nikita D. , Zdol'nik Tat'yana D.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Tick-borne borreliosis (TBB) andtick-borne viral encephalitis (TBVE) are widely spread in the world and in Russia and have a high socioeconomic significance. The morbidity of the population with these infections is to a large extent determined by the epizootological situation formed in the natural conditions of certain natural climatic zones.
AIM: To obtain modern epidemiological and epizootological characteristics of TBB and TBVE in the territorial formations of the European part of Russia with different natural and climatic conditions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The work used the materials of the Governmental reports ‘On the state of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population’ of the territorial departments of Rospotrebnadzor in the European part of Russia in 2012–2021.
RESULTS: The maximum incidence of TBB and TBVE (5.00 and 1.83 per 100 thousand population) is characteristic of the territory of the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) of Russia with the natural and climatic conditions of the taiga zone. The second and third positions are occupied by the Central (4.53 and 0.34 per 100 thousand) and the Volga (3.59 and 1.11 per 100 thousand) federal districts whose territories include several natural zones. In the Southern and North Caucasian federal districts where a significant part of the territory is located in the steppe and forest-steppe zone, the incidence of TBB is 0.63 and 0.16 per 100 thousand, respectively, the incidence of TBVE is practically not recorded. The incidence of TBB and TBVE in the population correlates with the proportion of people bitten by ticks — in the Northwestern Federal District the correlation coefficient was 0.89 and 0.74, in the Central Federal District — 0.65 and 0.68, in the Volga Federal District — 0.90 and 0.92. The ratio of infection of ticks removed from people in the Northwestern Federal District with agents of TBB and TBVE was 9.7:1.0. The total annual average area of acaricide treatments has a maximum value in the Central Federal District — 14333.6 hectares. In the territorial formations of the European part of Russia with the largest acaricide treatment area, an inverse correlation was found between this indicator and the proportion of people bitten by ticks (r = -0.40).
CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological and epizootological characteristics of TBB and TBVE in 2012–2021 in the territorial formations of the European part of Russia indicate the influence of conditions of certain natural and climatic zonesof these territorieson the formation of epizootic foci and the incidence of these infections in the population, which should be taken into account when planning and implementing anti-epidemic measures.
Tactics of Endovascular Treatment of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease with Recurrent Coronary In-Stent Restenosis Using Second- and Third-Generation Stent Systems and Paclitaxel-Coated Balloon Catheters
Authors: Shevchenko Yuriy L. , Ermakov Dmitriy Yu. , Maslennikov Mikhail A. , Ul'bashev Daniil S. , Vakhrameyeva Anastasiya Yu.
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: The binary in-stent restenosis (ISR) still remains the main factor limiting the effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention in the long-term period. Histologically, ISR is defined as neointimal hyperplasia leading to hemodynamically significant narrowing of the arterial lumen. Patients with coronary artery (CA) restenosis represent a particularly challenging group for endovascular treatment.
AIM: To compare effectiveness and safety of the endovascular correction of coronary in-stent restenosis using second- and third-generation stent systems and balloon angioplasty with a drug-coated balloon catheter.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study retrospectively included 62 patients with recurrent ISR after the previous endovascular correction. The patients underwent treatment with re-stenting in Saint George Clinic of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery of the National Pirogov Medical Surgical Center in 2016–2023 with use of second- and third-generation drug-eluting stents — cobalt (cobalt alloy) systems with zotarolimus, cobalt-chromium stent systems with sirolimus and zotarolimus, platinum-chromium stent systems with everolimus with biodegradable drug coating. Balloon angioplasty was performed using paclitaxel-coated balloon catheters. The primary endpoint of the study was the target lesion failure (TLF) of CA. The secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).
RESULTS: The TLF rate was 15.6% vs. 13.3% and 28.1% vs. 46.7% in the groups with use of a drug-eluting stent and balloon angioplasty at 1- and 2-year follow-up, respectively (p = 0.30). MACE was recorded in 18.8% vs. 16.7% and 37.5% vs. 56.7% of cases in the groups with use of a drug-eluting stent and balloon angioplasty at 1- and 2-year follow-up, respectively (p = 0.25). The dispersion analysis of predictors of TFL risks identified three factors showing a reliable correlation with the probability for TFL by the second follow-up year in both groups: (1) recurrence of binary ISR (hazard ratio (HR) 2.21; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95–4.01; p = 0.03)) in 365 days after the third stage of the percutaneous coronary intervention; (2) length of coronary restenotic lesion (per every 10 mm) (HR 1.25; 95% CI 0.99–1.40; p = 0.002); (3) occlusive restenosis (HR 4.16; 95% CI 0.43–26.96; p = 0.04).
CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of a second- and third-generation drug-eluting stent and balloon angioplasty with use of a drug-coated catheter are comparable in the effectiveness and safety in correcting the recurrent ISR, however, restenting is associated with a lower probability for developing TFL and adverse events.
Stimulus Pertumbuhan Organ Reproduksi Ayam Buras Betina melalui Aplikasi Pemberian Phytoestrogen dari Kelompok Isoflavonoid Hasil Ekstrak Limbah Edamame
Authors: Nurkholis Nurkholis , Nusantoro Suluh , Setiawan Dwi Agus , Andriani Mira , Syahniar Theo Mahiseta
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan organ reproduksi ayam buras betina yang diberi flavonoid dari ekstrak limbah kedelai edamame. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap; kuantifikasi total flavonoid ekstrak limbah kedelai edamame dan eksperimen menggunakan ayam buras berumur 8-16 minggu. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) terdiri atas empat kelompok umur dan lima perlakuan pemberian ekstrak limbah edamame per oral, dengan level 0% (P0), 0,02% (P1), 0,04% (P2), 0,08% (P3), dan 0,16% (P4) dari jumlah pakan yang diberikan. Variabel yang diamati yaitu pertambahan bobot badan (PBB), berat organ reproduksi, dan panjang saluran reproduksi. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis varian dan uji lanjut menggunakan Duncan. Hasil uji kuantitatif menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak limbah edamame mengandung senyawa flavonoid dari golongan isoflavon dan secara kuantitatif diperoleh 40 ppm total flavonoid. Penggunaan ekstrak limbah edamame secara signifikan meningkatkan PBB, panjang saluran reproduksi, dan berat organ (P0,05).  (Stimulus for reproductive organs growth of female domestic chickens through phytoestrogens application of isoflavones group from edamame waste extracts)  ABSTRACT. This study aimed to access the growth and development of female domesticated chicken reproductive organs after being treated with the addition of flavonoid compound from extract of edamae waste. The research consisted of two experiments; quantification of flavonoids compounds in edamame waste and feeding trial using female domesticated chickens (aged 4-16 weeks). The later used Randomized Block Design, consisted of four groups and five treatments (addition of edamame waste extract at 0%, 0.02%, 0.04%, 0.08%, and 0.16% of the amount of feed given). The variables observed were body weight gain, reproductive organ weight, and reproductive tract length. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's test. The phytochemical test showed that the edamame waste extract contained flavonoid compounds from the isoflavone group. The addition of edamame waste extract significantly affected body weight gain, reproductive tract length, and reproductive organ weight (P0.05).
Polymorphisms of IGF-1 Gene in Indonesian Local Goat Reared Under Smallholder Farmers in Sulawesi Region
Authors: Rahim Lellah , Dagong Muhammad Ihsan Andi , Bugiwati Sri Rachma Aprilita , Purnomo Nurul
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to determine the allele frequency of IGF-1 in Kacang and Peranakan Ettawa goats in Indonesia. The DNA samples were extracted from the blood of 105 heads of goats and collected from the South Sulawesi and West Sulawesi provinces. The IGF-1 target was amplified using the PCR-RFLP method. Two allele variants (A and B) and three genotypes of the IGF-1 gene (AA, AB, and BB) have been identified in the local goat population. Allele frequencies of IGF-1 were A (0.81) and B (0.19) in the total population of local goats. Allele A is the most common allele in both the Kacang and Peranakan Ettawa goat populations, with the highest frequency found in the Kacang population (0.87). The most common genotype is genotype AA, with the highest frequency in the Kacang population (0.75). The observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.276 and 0.303, respectively. The population of local goats in these regions was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The conclusion of this research is that the IGF-1 gene in local goats in the Sulawesi region is polymorphic and this diversity information can be used for association studies with growth traits, litter size, and twinning rate.   (Polimorpisme gen IGF-1 pada populasi kambing lokal Indonesia yang dipelihara oleh peternak kecil di daerah Sulawesi)   ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi alel IGF-1 pada kambing Kacang dan Peranakan Ettawa di Indonesia. Sampel DNA diambil dari darah 105 ekor kambing dan dikumpulkan dari Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan dan Sulawesi Barat. Target IGF-1 diamplifikasi menggunakan metode PCR-RFLP. Dua varian alel (A dan B) dan tiga genotipe gen IGF-1 (AA, AB, dan BB) telah diidentifikasi pada populasi kambing lokal. Frekuensi alel IGF-1 adalah A (0,81) dan B (0,19) pada total populasi kambing lokal. Alel A merupakan alel yang paling banyak ditemukan baik pada populasi kambing Kacang maupun kambing Peranakan Ettawa, dengan frekuensi tertinggi terdapat pada populasi Kacang (0,87). Genotipe yang paling umum adalah genotipe AA, dengan frekuensi tertinggi pada populasi Kacang (0,75). Heterozigositas yang diamati dan diharapkan adalah 0,276 dan 0,303, masing-masing. Populasi kambing lokal di wilayah ini berada dalam keseimbangan Hardy-Weinberg. Kesimpulan yang dihasilkan adalah bahwa gen IGF-1 pada kambing lokal yang dipelihara oleh peternak di wilayah Sulawesi bersifat polimorfik dan informasi keragaman ini dapat digunakan untuk studi asosiasi dengan sifat pertumbuhan, litter size dan kelahiran kembar.
Kualitas Spermatozoa dan Tudung Akrosom Utuh pada Semen Beku Sapi Friesian Holstein dengan Mutu Genetik yang Berbeda
Authors: Yekti Aulia Puspita Anugra , Umamah Azna Roudlotul Nur , Safa Firlia , Andriani Nadya Meyta , Febrianto Nanang , Susilawati Trinil
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui analisis kualitas spermatozoa dan tudung akrosom utuh semen beku pada pejantan sapi Friesian Holstein (FH) dengan mutu genetik yang berbeda. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian observasional dengan 2 kelompok perlakuan jenis semen beku yang berbeda. Kelompok perlakuan jenis semen beku adalah Sapi FH proven bull (P1) dan sapi FH grade B (P2). Parameter yang diamati meliputi motilitas spermatozoa, konsentrasi spermatozoa, viabilitas spermatozoa, abnormalitas spermatozoa, dan tudung akrosom utuh (TAU) spermatozoa. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji-t untuk mengetahui perbedaan kualitas antar kelompok perlakuan, kemudian dilakukan uji chi-square untuk membandingkan nilai hasil observasi dengan nilai harapan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas semen beku pada sapi FH proven bull dan sapi FH grade B tidak berbeda nyata (P0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa perbedaan mutu genetik pada pejantan tidak memengaruhi kualitas spermatozoa semen beku sapi FH.  (Sperm quality and intact acrosome cap of Friesian Holstein frozen semen with different genetic qualities)  ABSTRACT. This study aimed to determine the quality of spermatozoa and intact acrosome cap of Friesian Holstein bulls with different genetic qualities. This study used observational research with two categories of frozen semen types treatment. The frozen semen consisted of Friesian Holstein Proven Bull (T1) and Friesian Holstein grade B bull (T2). The parameters observed include sperm motility, sperm concentration, sperm viability, sperm abnormality, and intact acrosome cap. Data were analyzed using a t-test to determine the differences in quality between treatments. Then, the chi-square test was used to compare the observed and expected values. The results showed no significant difference (P0.05) in frozen semen quality of Friesian Holstein proven bull and Friesian Holstein grade B bull. In conclusion, the different genetic qualities of bulls did not affect the quality of frozen semen.
Efektivitas Amoniasi, Fermentasi, dan Amoniasi Fermentasi dengan Trichoderma harzianum pada Jerami Sereh Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus)
Authors: Solehudin Solehudin , Hernaman Iman , Ayuningsih Budi , Pamungkas Dicky
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ransum yang mengandung azolla (Azolla microphylla) terhadap indeks kuning telur, indeks putih telur dan haugh unit telur ayam. Azolla merupakan tanaman paku air yang pertumbuhan cepat dan dapat dijadikan bahan pakan alternatif untuk ayam petelur. Penelitian menggunakan 48 ekor ayam petelur strain ISA Brown berumur 54 minggu di Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Padjadjaran. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan (P0= ransum tanpa azolla; P1= ransum dengan 5% azolla; P2= ransum dengan 10% azolla; dan P3= ransum dengan 15% azolla) dan 6 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ransum yang mengandung azolla berpengaruh tidak nyata (P0,05) terhadap indeks putih telur, indeks kuning telur dan haugh unit telur. Penggunaan azolla sampai taraf 15% menghasilkan nilai yang sama terhadap indeks kuning telur, indeks putih telur dan haugh unit telur ayam.  (Effectiveness ammoniation, fermentation and amoniated fermentation with Trichoderma harzianum in citronella straw (Cymbopogon nardus))  ABSTRACT. The research was conducted to investigate effectiveness of ammoniation, fermentation and ammoniated fermentation with Trichoderma harzianum on citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) straw. The research used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 treatments: citronella straw with ammoniation treatment (P1), citronella straw with fermentation treatment (P2), and citronella straw with ammoniated fermentation treatment (P3). Each treatment was replicated five times. The parameters measured were an increase in crude protein content, an increase in Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), a decrease in crude fiber, and a decrease in lignin. Variance analysis was conducted to determine treatment effect and followed by Multiple Range of Duncan to determine difference between treatment. The result showed that treatments give significant effect (P0.05) on increasing of crude protein, increasing of TDN, decreasing of crude fiber and decreasing of lignin. The best value processing of citronella straw was ammoniated fermentation with Trichoderma harzianum. It concluded that ammoniated fermentation with Trichoderma harzianum had the best effectiveness in processing of citronella straw.
Pengaruh Serbuk Teh Hijau Sebagai Pakan Aditif terhadap Performa Domba Betina yang Diinfeksi Strongyles
Authors: Utama Aldyansah Putra , Mayasari Novi , Yuniarti Endah , Ramdani Diky
Published: April 2024

ABSTRAK. Serbuk teh hijau merupakan salah satu bahan aditif yang dapat ditambahkan ke dalam pakan ternak yang dapat berfungsi sebagai anthelmintik dalam mengurangi infeksi cacing dan meningkatkan kualitas pakan bagi ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian berbagai dosis serbuk teh hijau terhadap konsumsi pakan dan pertambahan bobot badan domba betina yang diinfeksi Strongyles Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Lapangan Ternak Domba dan Kesehatan Hewan, Jurusan Peternakan, Polbangtan, Bogor pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2021. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari tiga perlakuan tingkat pemberian serbuk teh hijau, yaitu P0= 0%, P1= 0,75%, P2= 1,5% dari bahan kering ransum, dengan enam ulangan untuk setiap perlakuannya sehingga total ternak adalah 18 ekor. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam. Parameter yang diukur meliputi konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, dan ukuran-ukuran tubuh ternak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian serbuk teh hijau 1,5% (P2) dalam pakan domba betina tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi bahan kering, tinggi pundak, tinggi pinggang, lebar pinggul, pertambahan bobot badan, panjang badan, lingkar dada, dan lebar dada domba yang diinfeksi, namun dapat menekan penurunan bobot badan yang diakibatkan oleh parasit cacing.  (The effect of green tea dust as a feed additive on performance ewes infected by strongyles)  ABSTRACT. Green tea dust is one of feed additives that can be added to animal diet which can function as an anthelmintic in reducing worm infections and improving the performance of the livestock. This study aimed to determine the effect of various doses of green tea dust supplementation on dry matter intake (DMI, g/kg DM), average daily gain (ADG, g/kg DM), and body measurements(cm) of ewes infected with Strongyles. The research was conducted at the Sheep Farm and Animal Health Laboratory, Department of Animal Husbandry, Polbangtan, Bogor in August-October 2021. A completely randomized design was used as the experimental method consisted of three treatments of different levels of green tea dust supplementation, namely P0= 0%, P1= 0.75%, P2= 1.5% from dry matter ration, using 6 replicatess to obtain a total of 18 experimental units. The results showed that the administration of 1.5% green tea dust (P2) had no significant effect on DMI, ADG, and body measurements such as shoulder height, waist height, hip width, body length, chest circumference, and chest width of sheep, which were infected with Strongyles, but it tended to reduce their body weight losses.