bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the leapfrogging potential to water sensitive: the Dutch case of Zwolle
Authors: Casiano Flores Cesar , Rodriguez Müller A. Paula , Dolman Nanco , Özerol Gül
Published: May 2023

Urban floods can cause significant damage and are expected to become more common due to climate change. Previous research has identified that climate change adaptation in cities requires the development of blue-green infrastructure (BGI), and it is expected that cities can leapfrog to a water-sensitive state by implementing BGI. However, leapfrogging is context-dependent, and little is known about how governance factors affect leapfrogging, particularly in midsize cities. This paper addresses this knowledge gap, providing empirical insights into leapfrogging by assessing the governance factors that support or restrict BGI implementation in Zwolle (The Netherlands) towards reaching a water-sensitive state. For the analysis, we employ a governance assessment tool and three catalytic factors that promote leapfrogging. The results show that the governance context supports leapfrogging at a moderate to high level. This means that while the governmental levels and stakeholder networks collaborate to support climate change adaptation of the city, new legislation on BGI and citizens’ involvement in climate change adaptation projects could increase the leapfrog possibilities for Zwolle in achieving its goal of becoming climate-proof by 2050.
Assessing the effectiveness of filtration + UV-C radiation for the treatment of simulated ballast water at various holding times
Authors: Wang Yanan , Wang Qiong , Dong Kairui , Chen Jianwu , Wu Huixian
Published: May 2023

In recent years, the issue of invasive alien species brought on by ballast water has drawn increasing attention, and advances in ballast water treatment technologies have been made. One of the most popular combined ballast water treatment technologies utilized in ballast water management systems (BWMSs) globally is filtration + UV-C radiation. During the actual voyage of the ship, ballast water is treated by the BWMS and then enters the dark ballast tanks until the ballast water is discharged. Marine organisms are able to complete DNA damage caused by UV radiation in dark ballast tanks. Therefore, the length of holding time affects the effectiveness of the BWMS in treating ballast water. The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of filtration + UV-C irradiation treatment at different holding times for the removal or inactivation of phytoplankton and zooplankton populations during simulated ballast water treatment. Results indicate that the holding time after the filtration + UV-C radiation treatment increased the inactivating efficacy, especially for zooplankton in natural seawater. For phytoplanktons in ballast water, the strongest impact on the treatment efficacy was reached with a holding time of 24 h.
Motivación de los empleados: importancia, evolución y enfoques usando análisis cienciométrico
Authors: Erazo-Muñoz Pablo Andrés , Escobar-Ospina Angie Lolita , -Pineda Santiago Alexis
Published: May 2023

El propósito de esta revisión es analizar la evolución y las tendencias de las publicaciones sobre la “motivación de los empleados” desde el año 2000 hasta el 2021. Para analizar las publicaciones por año, revista, país y autor, se utilizó bibliometrix, del software R. Para comprender la evolución del tema se utiliza el algoritmo del árbol de la ciencia, con el software Tree of Science (TOS), y los enfoques se trabajan mediante un análisis de redes de cocitación. Dentro de los principales resultados se encuentran los documentos seminales y estructurales del estudio de la motivación de los empleados; entre ellos, los clásicos Theory of human motivation de Maslow, Motivation through the design of work: test of a theory de Hackman y Oldham e Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivations: Classic definitions and new directions de Ryan y Deci. Se identificaron tres enfoques emergentes: 1. factores que inciden en la motivación de los empleados, 2. nuevas teorías de la motivación en los empleados y 3. aspectos psicológicos de los trabajadores relacionados con la motivación. Se recomienda que las organizaciones creen programas de motivación para los empleados debido a que esta contribuye al mejoramiento del desempeño individual y de la organización.
Estrategias de mercadotecnia y marketing mix más usadas durante la pandemia para impulsar el turismo gastronómico en Bogotá
Authors: Striedinger-Meléndez Martha Patricia
Published: May 2023

Este artículo da muestra de los conceptos fundamentales asociados a las estrategias de mercadotecnia y de la mezcla de márquetin —marketing mix—, las cuales, además de impulsar el desempeño de los negocios, ayudaron en la supervivencia del turismo gastronómico durante la pandemia por COVID-19 en Colombia. Las fuentes empleadas van desde información disponible en línea hasta testimonios de administradores y/o propietarios de restaurantes, y de los usuarios de estos negocios. Para ello se adelantó un estudio cualitativo con la participación de veinte personas, a quienes se les realizó una entrevista en profundidad. Conocer el impacto del empleo de estrategias por parte de estos dos grupos permite que dichas políticas sean tenidas en cuenta a la hora de planear las actividades y el presupuesto de mercadeo, necesarios para catapultar el turismo gastronómico nacional. Se espera que estos hallazgos guíen a los negocios para que perduren en circunstancias tan severas como las de la emergencia sanitaria.
Tendencias de estudio en la economía circular desde la gestión de cadena de suministros en la industria textil y confecciones
Authors: Landinez-Safra Liliana Esperanza , Rodríguez Arenas Luis Eduardo
Published: May 2023

Las prácticas de gestión de la cadena de suministro sostenible se han desarrollado desde hace algún tiempo, a nivel mundial, con el objeto de incorporar las cuestiones ecológicas a las empresas, disminuyendo los efectos destructivos involuntarios sobre el medio ambiente en el proceso de fabricación y compra. Al mismo tiempo, las economías circulares amplían los límites de la sostenibilidad medioambiental, al destacar la noción de bienes innovadores, creando una relación viable entre los ecosistemas y el crecimiento económico. A través de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, este documento identifica cuatro tendencias de estudio (factores, barreras, prácticas y rendimiento), al aplicar una economía circular en la industria textil y de la confección. Se establece un modelo conceptual basado en estas cuatro tendencias de estudio, que ilustra la relación entre ellos, y se destacan los retos de la aplicación de la economía circular, ofreciendo algunas sugerencias para los gestores de la industria textil y de la confección. Por último, se concluyen varias direcciones de investigaciones futuras.
Evaluación del nivel de madurez de la corporación Corcaraño para la gestión de proyectos turísticos en el departamento del Caquetá (Colombia)
Authors: Gómez-Cano Carlos Alberto , Sánchez-Castillo Verenice , Tovar-Cardozo Ginna
Published: May 2023

Dadas las potencialidades económicas que rodean la actividad turística, el sector público, privado y la cooperación internacional han enfocado sus esfuerzos en la consolidación del sector, como una apuesta para mejorar las condiciones de vida en los territorios, especialmente en aquellos que han sido víctimas del conflicto armado. En el caso del departamento del Caquetá, la Corporación Ambiental y del Fomento del Turismo Rural Comunitario – Corcaraño, una organización de base campesina y forjada en la filosofía comunitaria, se ha convertido, desde 2016, en un actor estratégico para la consolidación del turismo en el departamento, participando de múltiples proyectos e iniciativas. De esta manera, el presente ejercicio de investigación, de enfoque mixto y de tipo descriptivo, presenta la evaluación de madurez organizacional realizada a la Corcaraño, apoyada en el modelo de Harold Kerzner. La organización se ubica en el primer peldaño (lenguaje común), por lo que deberá, si desea consolidar una cultura de proyectos exitosa, realizar un plan de mejoramiento y articulación, a fin de permitir el desarrollo de habilidades empresariales que garanticen el éxito de su quehacer misional.
Tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones en las medianas empresas: caso Valledupar, Colombia
Authors: Cárdenas-Pinzón Stefany Yeraldin , Montero-Estrada Dana Carolina , Molina-Romero Schneyder José , Boom-Cárcamo Efrain Arnoldo
Published: May 2023

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) en medianas empresas de la ciudad de Valledupar, Colombia. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo, no experimental, transeccional. Fue aplicada una encuesta de 22 ítems validada por expertos y de la cual 19 ítems obtuvieron una confianza de 0,82 %. Debido a la falta de respuesta por parte de los empresarios, el análisis de los resultados se realizó a través de una muestra no probabilística, ya que de una población de 87 empresas solo respondieron 15. Se confirma que los factores de adopción de las herramientas TIC (capacidad del talento humano, capacidad del hardware para la estructura tecnológica, capacidad del software, capacidad financiera, calidad de la información y actividad económica) efectivamente son relevantes para hacer buen uso de dichas herramientas. En cuanto la importancia de las herramientas TIC se corrobora el impacto que tienen dichas herramientas en la competitividad empresarial, pues un 86 % —es decir, 13 de las 15 empresas— mencionó tener cada vez mejor competitividad.
Understanding Protein Functions in the Biological Context
Authors: Wang Tianwen , Zhang Wei
Published: May 2023

Proteins are essential biomacromolecules in all living systems because they are the
prominent ultimate executives of the genetic information stored in DNA. Thus, studying protein is one
of the central tasks in biological sciences. The complexity, diversity, and dynamics of a protein's
structure, function, and structure-function relationship, the inherent structural fragility and thus the
requirements on handling proteins to maintain protein's structural and functional orderliness make it a
rather tricky task to work with protein. The approach to understanding the functions of a protein has
been progressing steadily. In this paper, we reviewed the progress on the approach to the functional
study of proteins that tremendously contributed to understanding their biological significance.
Emphasis was put on the advances in the age in which high-throughput DNA sequencing and
bioinformatics analysis are revolutionizing biological study.
Natural Compounds Used for Treating Hair Loss
Authors: Gasmi Amin , Mujawdiya Pavan Kumar , Beley Natalia , Shanaida Mariia , Lysiuk Roman , Lenchyk Larysa , Noor Sadaf , Muhammad Akram , Strus Oksana , Piscopo Salva , Komisarenko Andriy , Fedorovska Maryana , Bjørklund Geir
Published: May 2023

Hair loss or alopecia is a common dermatological condition affecting up to 2% of the world population.
It is often caused by hereditary factors, such as male or female pattern baldness, but it can also result from
various environmental factors, an unbalanced diet, or chronic illness. While hair loss is not life-threatening, it
can cause significant anxiety, depression, and other psychological problems, ultimately impacting an individual's
quality of life. Various treatments for hair loss, including both synthetic drugs, such as minoxidil and finasteride,
or medicinal herbs, have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration. Despite synthetic drugs'
effectiveness, they may come with potential side effects. Natural remedies have been proposed as a viable option
for treating hair loss because many chronic disorders can cause alopecia. As such, this review focuses on
identifying alternative, efficient treatment agents with limited side effects. Specifically, it looks into medicinal
plants as potential healing agents for treating hair loss. To gather relevant information for the study, multiple
databases were searched, including Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. A comprehensive search was conducted
using a range of search terms, such as “hair loss”, “alopecia”, “natural remedies for hair loss”, “herbal
treatments for hair loss”, and others to extract relevant scientific articles. Many medicinal plants and natural
compounds have shown potential in reducing hair loss, thanks to their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties
and the ability to improve local metabolism when applied externally. According to existing literature, herbal
extracts and formulations derived from plants, such as Urtica dioica, Humulus lupulus, Serenoa repens, Vitis
vinifera, Pygeum africanum, Cucurbita pepo, etc., as well as certain individual herbal compounds, micronutrients,
bee products, and keratin, may be effective in reducing hair loss directly or indirectly. Research
suggests that medicinal plants and a variety of natural compounds hold promise in promoting hair growth and
preventing alopecia.
Quantitative Proteomics Combined with Network Pharmacology Analysis
Unveils the Biological Basis of Schisandrin B in Treating Diabetic
Nephropathy
Authors: Song Jianying , Zhang Bo , Zhang Huiping , Cheng Wenbo , Liu Peiyuan , Kang Jun
Published: May 2023

Background:

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major complication of diabetes. Schisandrin
B (Sch) is a natural pharmaceutical monomer that was shown to prevent kidney damage
caused by diabetes and restore its function. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic
understanding of the mechanism of Sch treatment in DN.

Objective:

We aim to provide a systematic overview of the mechanisms of Sch in multiple
pathways to treat DN in rats.

Methods:

Streptozocin was used to build a DN rat model, which was further treated with Sch. The
possible mechanism of Sch protective effects against DN was predicted using network pharmacology
and was verified by quantitative proteomics analysis.

Results:

High dose Sch treatment significantly downregulated fasting blood glucose, creatinine,
blood urea nitrogen, and urinary protein levels and reduced collagen deposition in the glomeruli
and tubule-interstitium of DN rats. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and plasma glutathione
peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the kidney of DN rats significantly increased with Sch treatment. In
addition, the levels of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α were significantly reduced in DN rats treated with
Sch. 11 proteins that target both Sch and DN were enriched in pathways such as MAPK signaling,
PI3K-Akt signaling, renal cell carcinoma, gap junction, endocrine resistance, and TNF signaling.
Furthermore, quantitative proteomics showed that Xaf1 was downregulated in the model vs. control
group and upregulated in the Sch-treated vs. model group. Five proteins, Crb3, Tspan4, Wdr45,
Zfp512, and Tmigd1, were found to be upregulated in the model vs. control group and downregulated
in the Sch vs. model group. Three intersected proteins between the network pharmacology
prediction and proteomics results, Crb3, Xaf1, and Tspan4, were identified.

Conclusion:

Sch functions by relieving oxidative stress and the inflammatory response by regulating
Crb3, Xaf1, and Tspan4 protein expression levels to treat DN disease.
Multitargeting: An Alternative Approach to Tackle Multidrug Resistance
in Tuberculosis
Authors: Hazra Satakshi , Hazarika Risha , Patra Sanjukta
Published: May 2023

Background:

The prevalence of drug-resistant organisms has steadily increased over the past few decades worldwide. Especially in tuberculosis (TB) disease, the problems of co-morbidity and the rapid emergence of multidrug resistance have necessitated the development of multitarget-based therapeutic regimens. Several multitargeting compounds against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have been studied through novel in silico tools but these have rendered reduced efficacy in clinical trials. The authors have focussed on many exotic targets belonging to crucial Mtb survival pathways whose molecular structures and functions are underexplored. Likewise, insights into the hidden possibilities of promiscuous compounds from natural products or repurposed drugs to inhibit other cellular proteins apart from their validated targets are also depicted in this review. In addition to the existing line of drugs currently recommended for multidrug-resistant TB, newer host-directed therapies could also be fruitful. Furthermore, several challenges, including safety/efficacy ratios of multitarget compounds highlighted here, can also be circumnavigated by researchers to design “smart drugs” for improved tuberculosis therapeutics.

Conclusion:

A holistic approach towards alleviating the existing drawbacks of drug discovery in drug-resistant TB has been outlined. Finally, considering the current needs, the authors have put forward an overall summary of possible trends in multitargeting that are significant for futuristic therapeutic solutions.
Improving Oral Bioavailability of Herbal Drugs: A Focused Review of
Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Colon Cancer
Authors: Bhardwaj Khushboo , Sharma Arun , Kumar Rajan , Tyagi Varnit , Kumar Rajesh
Published: May 2023

One of the most frequent malignancies in the world is colon cancer. Both men and women
are affected in the same way. The colon, which makes up the last part of the digestive system and is
where water and minerals from food waste are absorbed, is vulnerable to cancer. The most suitable
technique of drug administration is oral administration. Aqueous solubility is low in more than 40% of
novel chemical entities, resulting in poor oral drug administration. In the formulation of oral medications,
low inconsistent bioavailability is a major challenge. Increasing medication bioavailability is one
of the most difficult aspects of pharmacological development. Self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems
(SNEDDS) have been a potential platform for biopharmaceutical classification system class II and
IV drugs for oral delivery. Enhanced bioavailability and solubility, control of toxicity, pharmacological
effects, improved stability, improved tissue macrophage dispersion, prolonged delivery, and resistance
to physical and chemical degradation are just a few benefits of SNEDDS for herbal drugs. To increase
activity and address problems associated with herbal drugs, nanosized modern drug delivery technologies
are expected to have a promising future. Improved patient compliance, fewer problems with liquid
SNEDDS filled in capsules, and enhanced stability SNEDDS are all benefits of converting liquid
SNEDDS to solid oral dosage forms or solid SNEDDS. SNEDDS differs from previous solubility augmentation
methods due to its biodegradable components, simplicity of large-scale production, and range
of drug-targeting possibilities.
The Applications of CRISPR/Cas9 System for Urinary System Tumor
Authors: Li Shulin , Wu Yuqi , Wang Xiangwei
Published: May 2023

Tumors of the urinary system include those in the urinary and reproductive systems, of which tumors of the prostate, bladder, and kidney have the highest incidence. In recent years, due to changes in dietary structure, prostate cancer has become the most common type of male genitouri-nary system cancer. Furthermore, due to tobacco consumption, increases in industrialization, and the age of the population, the incidence of bladder cancer in both males and females in both urban and rural areas, has shown an increasing trend. The incidence and mortality of kidney cancer have also increased and negatively affected the lives and health of all residents. While surgery, radiother-apy, and chemotherapy have greatly improved the cure and survival rates of patients with urinary tumors, we lack methods for early detection and effective long-term treatment. New tools and methods for diagnosis and treatment are thus urgently needed. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9 has become an efficient method to alter the genome in many organisms. It can be used to activate or inhibit gene expression, which greatly facilitates the editing of targeted genes, both in vivo and in vitro. It pro-vides a powerful scientific research tool to analyze the mechanisms of disease occurrence and de-velopment and to develop advanced targeted drug delivery. The diagnosis and treatment of human tumors will consequently be improved as this technology will surely accelerate cancer research. In this article, we discuss how CRISPR/Cas9 technology can be used to research and treat genitouri-nary system tumors will consequently be improved as this technology will surely accelerate cancer research. Here, we review the current applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology for genitourinary system tumor research and therapy.
Advances in Exosome Research in the Management of Lung Cancer
Authors: Shen Huiqing , Cao Dawei , Zhang Xinri
Published: May 2023

Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors, and its death rate is much higher than that of colon, kidney, breast, and prostate cancers, and its 5-year survival rate is only 18%. Lung cancer has no specific clinical symptoms in its early stages and lacks effective detection, making early detection difficult. The survival rate for advanced lung cancer is meager, with a medi-an survival of only 12 months for stage IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Exosomes could provide vital information for the early diagnosis of lung can-cer and have the potential to become a tumor marker for lung cancer. In addition, scientists have proposed encouraging ways to treat lung cancer by loading drugs, proteins, microRNAs, and siR-NAs into exosomes. Therefore, studying lung cancer exosomes and exosomal nano drugs will pro-vide new ideas and approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. This paper reviews the progress of research on the biological functions of exosomes and exosomal nanomedicines and their applications in clinical practice.
Investigation of the Dyeing Ability of Some Reactive Triazine Azo Dyes
Containing Pyrazole Fragment
Authors: Omar Alaa Z. , Mohamed Mohamed G. , Hamed Ezzat A. , El-Atawy Mohamed A.
Published: May 2023

A series of reactive disperse dyes bearing azo and cyanuric groups were synthesized, and their structures were established using spectral and elemental analyses.

Methods:

The IR, 1H NMR, and DFT studies indicated that the prepared reactive disperse dyes predominately exist as hydrazone tautomers. The electronic absorption spectra in methanol were observed and compared to those computed using B3LYP/6-311G(d,p). The dyeing efficiency of the produced dispersed reactive dyes was examined on polyester, cotton, and polyester/cotton blended fabrics.

Results:

The degree of exhaustion and the fastness properties of the dyed samples in terms of perspiration, washing, scorch and light fastness were assessed. It was found that reactive disperse dyes under investigation have a higher affinity for dyeing polyester textiles than cotton textiles.

Conclusion:

Moreover, the reflectance and color strength of the synthesized dyes were measured and discussed.
Design, Antimicrobial Testing, and Molecular Docking Studies of New Chalcone and Pyrimidine Derivatives based on 2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)-one
Authors: Alolayan Ruba A. , Elkanzi Nadia A.A. , Hrichi Hajer , Dhafer Cyrine El Baher , Zahou Faten M. , Bakr Rania B.
Published: May 2023

Background & Objectives:

Heterocyclic pyrimidine and pyrazole rings have attracted the interest
of medicinal chemists because of their pharmacological potential including antimicrobial activity.
Based on molecular hybridization, new chalcones 6a-g and pyrimidines 7a-g based on a pyrazole scaffold
were designed.

Methods:

The synthesis of these compounds involved mild condensation reactions between compound 4
and various aromatic aldehydes in a mixture of ethanol/NaOH (95:5 v/v) to give the corresponding chalcones
6a-g. These chalcones were further reacted with urea in the presence of a base in ethanol to produce
the pyrimidine derivatives 7a-g. These new candidates were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities
and molecular docking studies were evaluated.

Results:

The antibacterial and antifungal studies of all synthesized compounds against the strains tested
showed that compounds 6c, d, and 7c, d exhibited the highest antibacterial and antifungal activities. In
addition, the structure-activity relationship and docking studies are discussed.

Conclusion:

The synthesized compounds 6c, 6d, 7c, and 7d showed the highest antibacterial and antifungal
activities against the tested strains.
Ionic Liquids as a Non-conventional Catalyst for the Synthesis of
N-heterocycles
Authors: Singh Pradeep Pratap , Kanodia Saraswati , Ambika
Published: May 2023

Ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as one of the potential alternates of organic solvents in
chemistry. Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are the important structural motifs of some
bioactive compounds. A variety of ILs, such as first-generation, second-generation, and thirdgeneration
ILs have been used in the synthesis of various types of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic
compounds, such as aziridine, indole, pyrrazole, imidazole, oxazole, thiazole, triazole, pyridine, pyrimidine,
quinolones, benzodiazapiene and their derivatives. Due to their unique chemical and physical
properties, ILs can act as both solvent and catalyst and have contributed towards high efficiency, improved
yield and recyclability for the synthesis of heterocyclic skeleton. In this review, the application
of ILs in the synthesis of different nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds has been discussed.
An Overview of Pharmaceutical Care in Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Patients: Current Position and Prospects
Authors: Theivasigamani Kumutha , Palaniappan Senthilkumar
Published: May 2023

Diabetes mellitus is an ongoing disease that is related to a high mortality rate due to severe
complications. Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is a persistent metabolic deficiency and its
prevalence has been increasing consistently worldwide. As a result, it is rapidly turning into a
plague in some parts of the world, and the number of people affected is expected to double in the
following decade due to an increase in the maturing populace, adding to the overall existing importance
for medical service providers, particularly in the underdeveloped nations. Extensive diabetes
care is an intricate task that takes a whole group of medical care experts, including drug specialists,
to provide multidisciplinary care for the patients. The duty of drug experts has changed
significantly in recent years, changing from conventional drug dispensing in the drug store to patient-
centered clinical support services. Upgrading the medication treatment to accomplish better
remedial results without causing drug-related issues has been considered the essential objective of
treatment for diabetic patients. This review discusses the healthcare needs of patients with T2DM,
the current evidence for the role of pharmacists in diabetes care, and insight into the upcoming role
of pharmacists in its management. The advanced role of clinical pharmacists in diabetes control
through drug treatment, diabetes care centers, and diabetes health counselor schooling, is also discussed
in this review.
Analysis of Vitamin C Content and Preferences for Modisco Pudding with
the Addition of Crystal Guava Juice (Psidium guajava L Cultivar Kristal)
Authors: Rohmawati Ninna , Farikha Tera Rizki , Akbar Abdul Azis
Published: May 2023

Background:

Indonesia has made progress in achieving the target of reducing malnutrition
cases, but 10.2% are still malnourished, according to data from The Global Nutrition Report
2020. Intake of micronutrients, one of which is vitamin C, affects the incidence of malnutrition
cases. Vitamin C has the function of maintaining health through the immune system. One supplementary
feeding program that can overcome cases of malnutrition is Modified Dietetic Skimmed
Milk and Coconut Oil (Modisco). Modisco's reception is not very good, especially for toddlers,
because it is in the form of liquid. Modisco pudding, with the addition of crystal guava juice, aims
to improve the taste and increase the nutritional value of Vitamin C.

Objective:

The objective of the study is to analyze the content of Vitamin C in the preference test of
Modisco pudding with the addition of crystal guava juice at 0%, 15%, 30%, and 45% concentration.

Methods:

This study used a quasi experimental design involving 4 treatments and 3 replications.
The research subjects were 25 panelists of elementary school students.

Results:

The results showed the levels of Vitamin C in various proportions to be significantly different
(p ≤ 0,05). The results of the preference test showed significant differences in the color, aroma,
taste, and texture of the modisco pudding with the addition of crystal guava juice (p ≤ 0,05).

Conclusion:

The results showed that with more addition of crystal guava juice, the level of vitamin
C increased, but the level of preference decreased. The most preferred Modisco pudding was X1
(addition of 15%) with a vitamin C content of 14,4 mg.
Mitochondrial Transplantation and Immune Response of Human Bone
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Therapeutic of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Liao Yidong , Ming Jiang , Song Wenxue , Chen Guangtang , Cui Junshuan , He Longcai , Wang Zili , Wang Xudong , Xiong Mingsong , Yang Hua , Xu Kaya
Published: May 2023

Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with increasing incidence
and mortality, imposing a significant social and economic burden on patients and their families.
However, cerebral vascular occlusion leads to acute loss of neurons and destruction of synaptic structures.
The limited treatment options cannot adequately address intra-neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction due to
stroke. Therefore, stem cell-derived mitochondria transplantation plays an important role in neuronal
protection and recovery after stroke, when combined with the intracranial and extracranial immunoregulatory
effects of stem cell therapy, revealing the mechanism of transferred mitochondria in stem cells in
protecting neurological function among chronic-phase ischemic stroke by affecting the endogenous apoptotic
pathway of neuronal cells. This research elaborated on the mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons
after ischemic stroke, followed by human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC) rescued damaged
neurons by mitochondrial transfer through tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), and the immunomodulatory
effect of the preferential transfer of stem cells to the spleen when transplanted into the body，which created
an immune environment for nerve repair, as well as improved neurological recovery after the chronic
phase of stroke. This review is expected to provide a novel idea for applying intracranial stem cell transplantation
in chronic-phase ischemic stroke treatment.
Translation of Circular RNAs: Functions of Translated Products and
Related Bioinformatics Approaches
Authors: Hwang Jae Yeon , Kook Tae Lim , Paulus Sydney M. , Park Juw Won
Published: May 2023

Over the past two decades, studies have discovered a special form of alternative splicing (AS) that produces a circular form of RNA. This stands in contrast to normal AS, which produces a linear form of RNA. Although these circRNAs have garnered considerable attention in the scientific community for their biogenesis and functions, the focus of these studies has been on the regulatory role of circRNAs with the assumption that circRNAs are non-coding. As non-coding RNAs, they may regulate mRNA transcription, tumor initiation, and translation by sponging miRNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). In addition to these regulatory roles of circRNAs, however, recent studies have provided strong evidence for their translation. The translation of circRNAs is expected to have an important role in promoting cancer cell growth and activating molecular pathways related to cancer development. In some cases, the translation of circRNAs is shown to be efficiently driven by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). The development of a computational tool for identifying and characterizing the translation of circRNAs using high-throughput sequencing and IRES increases identifiable proteins translated from circRNAs. In turn, it has a substantial impact on helping researchers understand the functional role of proteins derived from circRNAs. New web resources for aggregating, cataloging, and visualizing translational information of circRNAs derived from previous studies have been developed. In this paper, general concepts of circRNA, circRNA biogenesis, translation of circRNA, and existing circRNA tools and databases are summarized to provide new insight into circRNA studies.
A Secure and Energy-efficient Framework for Air Quality Prediction
Using Smart Sensors and ISHO-DCNN
Authors: Singh Vineet , Singh Kamlesh Kumar , Singh Sarvpal
Published: May 2023

Background:

The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that Air pollution (AP) is
prone to the highest environmental risk and has caused numerous deaths. Polluted air has many constituents
where Particulate Matter (PM) is majorly reported as a global concern. Currently, the most
crucial challenges faced by the globe are the identification and treatment of augmenting AP. The air
pollution level was indicated by the Air Quality Index (AQI). It is affected by the concentrations of
several pollutants in the air. Many pollutants in the air are harmful to human health. Thus, an efficient
prediction system is required. Many security problems and lower classification accuracy are faced by
them even though several prediction systems have been formed. A secure air quality prediction system
(AQPS) centered upon the energy efficiency of smart sensing is proposed in this paper to overcome
these issues. From disparate sensor nodes, the input data is initially amassed in the proposed work.
The gathered data is stored in the temporary server. Next, the air-polluted data of the temporary server
is offered to the AQPS, wherein preprocessing of the input data along with classification is executed.

Methods:

Utilizing the Improved Spotted Hyena Optimization-based Deep Convolution Neural Network
(ISHO-DCNN) algorithm, the classification is executed. Utilizing the Repetitive Data Coding
Based Huffman Encoding (RDC-HE) method, the polluted data attained from the classified output is
compressed and encrypted by employing the American Standard Code for Information Interchange
based Elliptical Curve Cryptography (ASCII-ECC) method.

Results:

Afterward, the encrypted and compressed data is saved in the Cloud Server (CS). Finally, for
notifying about the AP, the decrypted and decompressed data is offered to the Base Stations (BS).

Conclusion:

The proposed work is more effective when analogized to the prevailing methods as denoted
by the experimental outcomes. Higher accuracy of 97.14% and precision of 91.44% were obtained
by the proposed model. Further, lower Encryption Time (ET) and Decryption Time (DT) of
0.565584 sec and 0.005137 sec were obtained by the model.
A Review on the Efficacy of Plant-derived Bio-active Compounds Curcumin
and Aged Garlic Extract in Modulating Cancer and Age-related Diseases
Authors: Das Diptimayee , M Kanchan , Mitra Abhijit , Zaky Mohamed Y. , Pathak Surajit , Banerjee Antara
Published: May 2023

Aging is a process characterized by accumulating degenerative changes resulting in the
death of an organism. Aging is mediated by various pathways that are directly linked to the individual's
lifespan and are shunted for many age-related diseases. Many strategies for alleviating age-related
diseases have been studied, which can target cells and molecules. Modern drugs such as Metformin,
Rapamycin, and other drugs are used to reduce the effects of age-related diseases. Despite their beneficial
activity, they possess some side effects which can limit their applications, mainly in older adults.
Natural phytochemicals which have anti-aging activities have been studied by many researchers from
a broader aspect and suggested that plant-based compounds can be a possible, direct, and practical
way to treat age-related diseases which has enormous anti-aging activity. Also, studies indicated that
the synergistic action of phytochemicals might enhance the biological effect rather than the individual
or summative effects of natural compounds. Curcumin has an antioxidant property and is an effective
scavenger of reactive oxygen species. Curcumin also has a beneficial role in many age-related diseases
like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorder, and cancer. Aged garlic extracts are also
another bioactive component that has high antioxidant properties. Many studies demonstrated aged
garlic extract, which has high antioxidant properties, could play a significant role in anti-aging and
age-related diseases. The synergistic effect of these compounds can decrease the requirement of doses
of a single drug, thus reducing its side effects caused by increased concentration of the single drug.
Microbial Remediation of Heavy Metals
Authors: Gayathri R. , Ranjitha J. , Shankar V.
Published: May 2023

Chemical elements with an atomic mass unit ranging from 63.5 – 200.6
(relative atomic mass) and a relative density exceeding 5.0 are generally termed as
heavy metals. Since they are non-biodegradable inorganic contaminants, physical and
chemical methods of degradation are ineffective. Heavy metals cannot be degraded
easily due to their physical and chemical properties, such as the rate of oxidation &
reduction reactions, rate of solubility, formation of complexes with other metal ions,
etc. They are flexible, and easily accumulated in the environment. In the case of
bioaccumulation, they are highly lethal to the organisms. The process of removal of
toxic and hazardous material from the environment using plants and microorganisms is
termed bioremediation. The disposal of toxic contaminants using plants is termed
phytoremediation. Microbial bioremediation consists of the removal of toxic elements
with the application of microorganisms during which the toxic substance is converted
into either end products or nontoxic and non-hazardous forms or recovery of metals. 
Bioremediation of Pesticides
Authors: Kumar Yadav Praveen , Kumar Nigam Kamlesh , Kumar Singh Shishir , Kumar Ankit , Swarupa Tripathy S.
Published: May 2023

Increasing population has raised the demand for food grains, which compels
the producers for the heavy use of pesticides to meet the demand for sufficient
production of food grains. Heavy utilization of pesticides polluted soil, water, plant,
animal, food grains, etc. Additionally, that much utilization of pesticides has also
created several legal and illegal contaminated sites across the world, which are
continuously polluting the environment. There are several methods available for
pesticide treatment, but the bioremediation method has been more promising than the
others. Bioremediation of pesticides is carried out through either ex situ or in situ
methods using different organisms like bacteria, fungi and higher plants. The pesticides
degradation using bacteria, fungi and higher plants is called bacterial degradation,
mycodegradation and phytodegradation, respectively. Present review discusses
different methods, mechanisms and recent tools used for the bioremediation of
pesticides.
AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN KANDUNGAN KUERSETIN EKSTRAK DAUN DAN BATANG MELATI KOSTA
Authors:   Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Melanie Melanie , Salenussa Marchelina Welma ,   Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana, Lestario Lydia Ninan ,   Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana
Published: May 2023

Melati kosta (Brunfelsia uniflora) adalah tanaman yang mengandung senyawa antioksidan dan kuersetin sebagai penangkal radikal bebas untuk kanker. Beberapa bagian seperti daun dan batang melati kosta diperkirakan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dengan adanya klorofil pada daun dan tanin pada batang. Pada penelitian akan meneliti (%) penghambatan, IC50, dan kadar kuersetin yang dapat dipergunakan sebagai antioksidan menggunakan metode maserasi bertingkat (KCKT). Proses awal menentukan panjang gelombang dari spektrofotometer UV-VIS kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penentuan aktivitas antioksidan dan kadar kuersetin. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kadar kuersetin tanaman melati kosta memiliki kandungan sebesar 0.18% pada daun melati kosta dan 0.017% pada batang melati kosta. Aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak etanol batang melati kosta pada maserasi III menghasilkan persen terbesar yaitu 46% dengan konsentrasi 18146 ppm. Pada penelitian ini tidak dapat menghasilkan IC50 untuk aktivitas antioksidannya dari semua maserasi tetapi terdapat kandungan kuersetin sebesar 0.18% sehingga aktivitas antioksidan pada batang dan tanaman melati kosta tidak dapat menangkal radikal bebas dengan kadar IC50 > 500 ppm.
Entrevista a Ana María Falchetti
Authors: Falchetti Ana María
Published: May 2023

Gloria Lopera: Buenas tardes, profesora Ana María. Le agradecemos que haya aceptado nuestra invitación a participar en Razón Crítica. Queremos empezar esta entrevista preguntándole sobre su trayectoria académica y profesional: ¿cómo se va encontrando con esa manera de construir una aproximación a los pueblos originarios en los que se tejen la antropología, la arqueología y la historia?

Ana María Falchetti: Gracias. Yo creo que toda la historia empezó en el Museo del Oro. Allá están las décadas de trabajo que son antecedentes de la investigación sobre metalurgia y simbolismo, el tema de mi último libro, y sobre mi investigación sobre la historia de los uwas de la Sierra Nevada del Cocuy.
Perceção das consoantes fricativas do português língua segunda por aprendentes chineses
Authors: Yumo Ci , Flores Cristina , Moreira de Oliveira Diana
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho investigou a aquisição das consoantes fricativas /f, v, s, z, ʃ, ʒ/ do Português Europeu (PE), concentrando-se na perceção dessas fricativas por aprendentes chineses tardios de Português Língua Segunda (PL2). Foram recrutados 30 participantes falantes nativos de mandarim que têm o PE como Língua Segunda (L2) para o grupo experimental e 15 falantes nativos de português para o grupo de controlo. Foram aplicados ao grupo experimental um questionário sociolinguístico e um teste de proficiência na L2 e foi aplicado ainda um teste de Identificação (ID) das consoantes fricativas do PE aos dois grupos. Concluímos que, de modo geral, os aprendentes chineses perceberam as consoantes fricativas do PL2 de forma diferente dos falantes nativos portugueses, sendo a capacidade de identificação das mesmas inferior à dos falantes nativos portugueses. A consoante /s/ do PL2 causou maior dificuldade aos aprendentes chineses. Os resultados também suportam a existência do efeito de contexto vocálico na identificação das consoantes fricativas. Os aprendentes chineses tiveram melhor desempenho no contexto vocálico /a/, comparando com /i/. Esta diferença poderá dever-se à influência das restrições fonotáticas do mandarim. Os resultados também revelam que a capacidade de perceção dos sons de uma L2 aumenta com a experiência linguística. Em geral, confirmou-se uma forte influência da Língua Primeira (L1) no desenvolvimento dos sons da L2, mas esta influência diminui à medida que o nível de proficiência dos falantes aumenta.
Papel da língua materna nos fraseologismos em PLE. Um estudo com aprendentes chineses
Authors: Pita Sara , Ruixi Liu
Published: May 2023

A fraseologia estuda frases ou expressões cristalizadas pelo uso, que foram criadas para responder a necessidades comunicativas. Embora pareça existir um decréscimo na sua utilização, o certo é que ainda sobrevivem e, como tal, colocam algumas dificuldades a estudantes de Português como Língua Estrangeira (PLE) pelo seu caráter não linear. O presente trabalho procura trazer à discussão o papel da língua materna na aquisição destas expressões por parte de alunos de Português como Língua Estrangeira, analisando, a partir de dados recolhidos num trabalho de investigação anterior, se a existência de expressões análogas na língua materna, a frequência de uso, o tempo de estudo, influenciam o seu conhecimento.
A Minimalist Analysis of Scrambling in Central Kurdish
Authors: Kareem Rebeen Abdullah , Yaseen Asmaa Seerwan
Published: May 2023

This study characterizes the descriptive and theoretical properties of scrambling in Central Kurdish. Scrambling denotes a phenomenon or a process by which constituents of a clause are displaced from their original and unmarked positions and are placed in other positions in the sentence. Following the tenets and concepts as currently assumed in work within the framework of the Minimalist Program, the study answers questions that are related to the types of constituents that may undergo scrambling in the language, the nature of the movement types and positions involved, and the semantic-discourse import of scrambled constituents. Arguments and adjuncts in Central Kurdish may undergo displacement as a result of scrambling, and the syntactic categories affected by scrambling are DP, PP, VP, and adjunct CPs. As the language displays all three of short-distance, mid-distance and long-distance scrambling, several diagnostic tests such as binding, crossover effects, and parasitic gaps were applied to find out the nature of movement for each type of scrambling. In terms of the semantic-discourse import, it was found that scrambling in Central Kurdish does not alter the compositional semantics of the sentences, but it gives rise to new discourse interpretations. five keywords or phrases in alphabetical order, separated by commas.
Methodologies for Monitoring Mental Health on Twitter: Systematic Review
Authors: Di Cara Nina H , Maggio Valerio , Davis Oliver S P , Haworth Claire M A
Published: May 2023

Background

The use of social media data to predict mental health outcomes has the potential to allow for the continuous monitoring of mental health and well-being and provide timely information that can supplement traditional clinical assessments. However, it is crucial that the methodologies used to create models for this purpose are of high quality from both a mental health and machine learning perspective. Twitter has been a popular choice of social media because of the accessibility of its data, but access to big data sets is not a guarantee of robust results.

Objective

This study aims to review the current methodologies used in the literature for predicting mental health outcomes from Twitter data, with a focus on the quality of the underlying mental health data and the machine learning methods used.

Methods

A systematic search was performed across 6 databases, using keywords related to mental health disorders, algorithms, and social media. In total, 2759 records were screened, of which 164 (5.94%) papers were analyzed. Information about methodologies for data acquisition, preprocessing, model creation, and validation was collected, as well as information about replicability and ethical considerations.

Results

The 164 studies reviewed used 119 primary data sets. There were an additional 8 data sets identified that were not described in enough detail to include, and 6.1% (10/164) of the papers did not describe their data sets at all. Of these 119 data sets, only 16 (13.4%) had access to ground truth data (ie, known characteristics) about the mental health disorders of social media users. The other 86.6% (103/119) of data sets collected data by searching keywords or phrases, which may not be representative of patterns of Twitter use for those with mental health disorders. The annotation of mental health disorders for classification labels was variable, and 57.1% (68/119) of the data sets had no ground truth or clinical input on this annotation. Despite being a common mental health disorder, anxiety received little attention.

Conclusions

The sharing of high-quality ground truth data sets is crucial for the development of trustworthy algorithms that have clinical and research utility. Further collaboration across disciplines and contexts is encouraged to better understand what types of predictions will be useful in supporting the management and identification of mental health disorders. A series of recommendations for researchers in this field and for the wider research community are made, with the aim of enhancing the quality and utility of future outputs.