bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Antidepressant Treatment Response Index as a Predictor of Reboxetine Treatment Outcome in Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Caudill Marissa M. , Hunter Aimee M. , Cook Ian A. , Leuchter Andrew F.
Published: September 2014

Biomarkers to predict clinical outcomes early during the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) could reduce suffering and improve outcomes. A quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) biomarker, the Antidepressant Treatment Response (ATR) index, has been associated with outcomes of treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants in patients with MDD. Here, we report the results of a post hoc analysis initiated to evaluate whether the ATR index may also be associated with reboxetine treatment outcome, given that its putative mechanism of action is via norepinephrine reuptake inhibition (NRI). Twenty-five adults with MDD underwent qEEG studies during open-label treatment with reboxetine at doses of 8 to 10 mg daily for 8 weeks. The ATR index calculated after 1 week of reboxetine treatment was significantly associated with overall Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) improvement at week 8 ( r = 0.605, P = .001), even after controlling for baseline depression severity ( P = .002). The ATR index predicted response (≥50% reduction in HAM-D) with 70.6% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity, and remission (final HAM-D ≤7) with 87.5% sensitivity and 64.7% specificity. These results suggest that the ATR index may be a useful biomarker of clinical response during NRI treatment of adults with MDD. Future studies are warranted to investigate further the potential utility of the ATR index as a predictor of noradrenergic antidepressant treatment response.
Integrity Positions at Subject Training Technologizing
Authors: Александрова  , Aleksandrova E. , Столбова  , Stolbova I. , Крайнова  , Kraynova M.
Published: September 2014

Authors consider modernization of methodology

related to development of academic programs of subject training

within FSES HPE. Competence-oriented level unification of students’

basic graphic training in technical high educational institutions

is given as an example.
To a Question of Students’ Individual Work Organization in the Course of Graphic Training
Authors: Кочурова  , Kochurova L. , Грошева  , Grosheva T. , Турицына  , Turitsyna I.
Published: September 2014

The paper is devoted to problems related to students´

individual work organization in technical high educational institution

while implementation of third generation FSES at the stage

of higher education modernization. Questions related to use of

remote technologies’ opportunities for support of full time and

part-time education in order to activate students’ individual work

in the course of graphic cycle disciplines studying are considered.

An electronic resource structure containing all educational process’s components is proposed; this structure’s basic principle is individuality

of education with independence skill development.
Managing Public – Private Partnership Market in the Times of Economic crisis
Authors: Krześ-Dobieszewska Joanna K
Published: September 2014

The article focuses on the issues and problems caused by the economic crisis of 2008 for public-private partnership (PPP). The challenges faced are presented from the point of view of a public entity, a private partner and a financial institution, as well as the relationships between these parties and the influence of economic issues on these relations. The most crucial of these challenges seems to be: the pressure on public finance and growing difficulties in financing the public infrastructural investments, the rise of the economic risk of investments and the necessity of sufficient and appropriate transfer and management of risk, and finally – the lack of interest of financial institutions to finance long-term liabilities. The aim of the author is to provide a precise description and diagnosis of the issues mentioned above, which might improve the strategic management of PPP market as well as management of projects. The article is based on experience, documents and working papers concerning the countries and markets of the European Union but the presented conclusions should be of more universal nature.
Strategies of Internalization in the Industry of Mining Machines and Appliances
Authors: Jonek-Kowalska Izabela
Published: September 2014

Currently, the industry of mining machines and appliances in Poland, as a result of considerable economic improvement on the market of energetic resources, gains an incredible opportunity for further development. However, its use is dependent on the intensification of activity internationalization. Polish sales market, due to hard coal mining decrease and financial problems of mining enterprises, does not guarantee sales increase.Therefore, the basic objective of this article is to assess the currently used internationalization strategies of Polish enterprises performing in the industry of mining machines and appliances. In the article, in the theoretical part literature studies concerning enterprises internationalization are used. Next, the characteristics of the industry of mining machines and appliances in Poland are presented, ending with a SWOT analysis. In the part devoted to a strategy of internationalization, the results of a questionnaire research conducted in the group of producers of mining machines and appliances in the 2012 were used. According the research results, Polish enterprises from the industry of mining machines and appliances in the internationalization of their activity use the simplest strategies that do not require engagement of capital on foreign markets. Some examined enterprises have been functioning on popular markets, offering the same products. Other ones conquer new markets and/or modify the products in order to adjust them to geological-mining requirements of target markets. Diversification strategy is not used because of high risk. The examined enterprises are not able to use dumping, due to global competitors and Chinese producers. It is not profitable to use direct investments either in exploration and penetration. The reason is mostly a lack of recognition of markets remote geographically and culturally, as well as low domestic production cost which cause that Polish producers choose a focus strategy instead of a diversification strategy.
Seasonal dry deposition and canopy leaching of base cations in a subtropical evergreen mixed forest, China
Authors: Zhang Gong , Zeng Guang-ming , Jiang Yi-min , Du Chun-yan , Huang Guo-he , Yao Jia-mei , Zeng Mei , Zhang Xi-lin , Tan Wei
Published: September 2014

We evaluated the dry deposition and canopy leaching fluxes of base cations in the growing and the dormant seasons using the Na-ratio method based on the 4-year (2000â2003) monitoring data in Shaoshan subtropical evergreen mixed forest, China. The dry deposition of base cations in the growing seasons was lower than that in the dormant seasons, while the canopy leaching of base cations was higher in the growing seasons than that in the dormant seasons. The precipitation quantity and H significantly impacted the canopy leaching processes. The annual canopy leaching of K, Ca and Mg accounted for 88, 46 and 38% of net throughfall flux, respectively. The canopy retention of proton (H and NH) is close to the canopy leaching of base cations calibrated by weak acids, indicating that the canopy cations leaching is neutralizing acid precipitation.++2+2++4+
Comparison of human and computer-based selective cleaning
Authors: Vestlund Karin , Nordfjell Tomas , Eliasson Lars
Published: September 2014

In silvicultural tending operations like cleaning (pre-commercial thinning), the results are irreversible, so it is important for the decisions to be consistent with the aims for the stand. To enable operational automatic stem selections, a decision support system (DSS) is needed. A previously presented DSS seems to render acceptable cleaning results, but needs further analysis. The aims of the study were to compare the cleaning results of experienced cleaners and DSS simulations when âsimilarâ instructions were given, and to assess the usefulness and robustness of the DSS. Twelve experienced cleaners were engaged to âcleanâ (mark main stems) six areas; each cleaner âcleanedâ two areas. The DSS was used to generate two computer-based cleanings (simulations) of these areas. Four laymen also âcleanedâ one of the areas following the DSS. The density results were significantly affected by the areasâ location, whereas the proportions of deciduous stems and damaged stems were significantly affected by both the areasâ location and method, i.e. manual âcleaningâ and general or adjusted simulation. The study showed that the DSS can be adjusted so that the results are comparable with the cleanersâ results. Thus, the DSS seems to be useful and flexible. The laymenâs results were close to the results of the âgeneralâ simulation, implying that the DSS is robust and could be used as a training tool for inexperienced cleaners. The DSS was also acceptable on a single-tree level, as more than 80% of the main-stems selected in the simulations were also selected by at least one cleaner.
Generating a raster map presentation of a forest resource by solving a transportation problem
Authors: Muinonen Eero
Published: September 2014

Necessary tools for raster map generation, for the approach based on the calibration estimator, were developed and implemented. The allocation of the area weight of each pixel to sample plots was formulated as a transportation problem, using a spectral distance measure as a transportation cost, and solved using the transportation simplex algorithm. Pixel level accuracy was calculated for the methods based on the calibration estimator so that the results could be compared with the results of the nearest neighbour estimation, the reference sample plot method (RSP) at pixel level. Local averaging in a 3 x 3 window was performed for each generated raster map as a postprocessing phase to smooth the map. Test plot results were calculated both for the unfiltered raster map and the filtered raster map. RSP produced the smallest RMSE in the pooled test data. Local averaging with a 3 x 3 filter decreased the pixel level error â and the bias â and the differences between the methods are smaller. Without local averaging, the pixel level errors of the methods based on solving the transportation problem were high. Raster map generation using the methods of this study forms an optional part â followed possibly by the classification of the pixel level results â of the whole computation task, when the area weight computation is based on the calibration estimation. For larger areas than in the present study, such as municipalities, the efficiency of the method based on the transportation model must be improved before it is a usable tool, in practice, for raster map generation. For nearest neighbour methods, the area size is not such a problem, because the inventory area is processed pixel by pixel.
Effect of pruning on tree growth, yield, and wood properties of Tectona grandis plantations in Costa Rica
Authors: Víquez Edgar , Pérez Diego
Published: September 2014

Reduced plantation densities have the effect that obtaining natural pruning and stem straightness are less assured. The physiological process of self-pruning is replaced by manual pruning. Generally, plantations are denser and have more uniform spacing than natural forests. In many, if not most species, natural pruning is never a satisfactory option, even after branch senescence, if production of clear wood is a management objective. Natural pruning can only be considered on a species by species basis. This study reports on the first results of a pruning trial for Tectona grandis L.F. plantations in Costa Rica. The treatments consisted of pruning heights of 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 meters, and the Control without pruning. Differences among treatments in DBH and total height were significant at 3.2, 5.2, and 6.1 years of age, but not at 7.3 years. Under an intensive pruning regime, a teak tree at rotation (20 years) may yield over 40% of knot-free volume (over 60% of the merchantable tree volume). Current findings open a scope for new management options, aiming at improving stem form and wood quality by means of an intensive pruning regime, without having a detrimental effect on tree growth and stand yield.
Medidas de um outro olhar… Sobre a materialidade do espaço da creche e a Constituição de um lugar dos bebês
Authors: Simiano Luciane Pandini
Published: September 2014

O presente artigo tem por foco a configuração do espaço da creche e o percurso que constitui um lugar para bebês. Esta pesquisa de orientação etnográfica, realizada em uma creche pública no sul do estado de Santa Catarina. Foram sujeitos da investigação um grupo de dez bebês e quatro adultos, duas professoras e duas auxiliares. Defende-se a importância de um espaço organizado para os bebês, porque o espaço educa, expõe ideias, e apresenta mensagens. O prédio, o mobiliário, os objetos e sua organização potencializam ou limitam as aprendizagens. É necessário, contudo, ir além dessas materialidades. É fundamental olhar, reconhecer, valorar as formas de ocupação e os sentidos estabelecidos entre bebês e adultos. Na dimensão da experiência, no tempo da pausa e dos encontros, lugares são constituídos e constitutivos. Trata-se de um outro olhar sobre ser e estar na creche.
A construção do currículo escolar: reflexões sobre a diferença cultural
Authors: Tura Maria de Lourdes Rangel , Pereira Talita Vidal
Published: September 2014

Nesse artigo questionamos lógicas de produção curricular fundamentadas na compreensão de que o conhecimento disciplinarizado deve ocupar lugar central no currículo, que sustenta diferentes concepções de ensino. A partir da apropriação de aportes pós-estruturalistas e pós-fundacionistas, com destaque para Ernesto Laclau, e pós-coloniais, com destaque para Homi Bhabha, defendemos que essa lógica contribui para que as diferenças culturais fiquem à margem da escola, no máximo subordinadas a uma cultura significada como a mais adequada à formação do cidadão, o que justificaria a condição de subalternidade das demais. A nosso ver, essa lógica se mantém arraigada nos discursos educacionais. Ela organiza as políticas eficientistas que têm aprofundado o controle sobre a escola, principalmente pelos mecanismos de aferição de desempenho dos resultados dos alunos. Dessa forma, contribuem para que a educação continue sendo reduzida ao ensino e que diferenças culturais não tenham voz no processo educacional. Assumimos a escola como entre-lugar em que múltiplas culturas circulam e afirmamos que elas precisam ser incorporadas aos processos escolares.
Faculty and student interactions via Facebook:
Policies, preferences, and practices
Authors: Hank Carolyn , Sugimoto Cassidy R. , Tsou Andrew , Pomerantz Jeffrey
Published: September 2014

Students and faculty members have always interacted
informally. However, Facebook and other social networking sites (SNSs)
present interaction spaces that blur the boundaries between professional,
academic and personal lives. The impetus for this study is to understand the
extent of SNS-mediated informal interactions between faculty members and
students and the policies, preferences, and practices that inform these
interactions. Adopting a multiple-case approach, interviews with faculty
members and graduate students at three North American library and
information science schools were completed to examine behaviors when
interacting through Facebook. Additionally, syllabi at two of the case
settings were analyzed to see if they contain any polices, guidelines, or
other expectations for faculty and student interactions via SNSs. Interview
findings show that a majority of faculty members and students prefer not to
interact via Facebook, with several having developed ad hoc, informal
personal guidelines informing their decision-making. No faculty or students
reported explicit SNS policies or guidelines at their respective
institutions addressing faculty-student interactions. The lack of explicit
directives was apparent in the syllabi analysis as well. The implications
for higher education and development of policies are discussed.
Molecular structure of Te2 Mg2(μ3-Cl2)(μ2-Cl4)Cl6(THF)4·CH2 Cl2
Authors: Hesse Malte , Beckmann Jens
Published: September 2014

A few crystals of the title compound Te
Synthesis and structure of an acyclic dialkylstannylene
Authors: Izod Keith , Wills Corinne , Probert Michael R. , Harrington Ross W.
Published: September 2014

The reaction between
Measuring Concentration and Competition in the U.S. Nonprofit Sector: Implications for Research and Public Policy
Authors: Seaman Bruce A. , Wilsker Amanda L. , Young Dennis R.
Published: September 2014

In an era of dramatic financial challenges, pressure is growing for U.S. nonprofit organizations to consolidate. Yet, we know little about the current concentration of the sector and even less about the degree of competition in various nonprofit subsectors. In this paper we offer a detailed analysis of concentration patterns across the sector and analyze variations in these patterns by subsector and metropolitan areas. It is well known that measuring concentration is not identical to assessing effective competition and is but a starting point for a more thorough competitive analysis. An important distinction is made between the concentration of resources within larger subsector organizations and inequality in the distribution of resources across those organizations. Some subsectors may be concentrated yet behave competitively because resources are distributed relatively equally among several large organizations. By contrast, other concentrated subsectors may behave less competitively because resources are very unequally controlled by a few organizations. Understanding the patterns of both concentration and inequality in the nonprofit sector is likely a prerequisite to drawing defensible conclusions about the degrees of competition in the sector and the desirability of further consolidation. This analysis has implications for both public policy and philanthropy. It bears on the issues of whether antitrust policy should be forcefully applied to the nonprofit sector, whether government funding programs should encourage nonprofit consolidation or competition, and whether philanthropic institutions should implore nonprofit organizations to consolidate further or to compete more vigorously.
Messunsicherheiten in der Durchflussmessung: Der Weg zum
Messunsicherheitsmodell und zur Unsicherheitsanalyse – Teil 1
Authors: Engel Rainer
Published: September 2014

Durchflusskalibriereinrichtungen lassen sich generell in drei am Messprozess
beteiligte Funktionselemente strukturieren, unabhängig von der Art des
Fluids und des verwendeten Referenznormals: das Referenznormal (Volumen oder
Masse), das zu kalibrierende Durchflussmessgerät sowie das
Verbindungselement dazwischen, das Zwischenrohrvolumen [1]. Mittels
modellbasierter Analyse können diese Elemente separat einer
Unsicherheitsanalyse unterzogen werden, deren Einzelergebnisse in einem
Gesamtmodell zusammengeführt werden. Eine „exakte“ Analyse der
Messunsicherheit im Rahmen von Messungen in Durchflusskalibriereinrichtungen
erfordert die Berücksichtigung von Unsicherheitsbeiträgen, die aus
den dynamischen Effekten des Messprozesses und der daran beteiligten
Funktionskomponenten resultieren. Deren Ursachen wiederum sind im
Wesentlichen in mehr oder weniger zufälligen Schwankungen der
Messgröße Volumen- bzw. Massedurchfluss in der Messanlage
begründet. Eine Komponente, die wesentlich zur Gesamtmessunsicherheit
bei Durchflussmessungen und -kalibrierungen beiträgt, ist der
Prüfling selbst, d. h. der zu kalibrierende Durchflusssensor. Dieser
Unsicherheitsbeitrag resultiert sowohl aus dem Messprozess als auch aus
inhärenten Eigenschaften dieses Messgerätes.
A mimicked collagen layer/silk fibroin film as a cardio patch scaffold
Authors: Yeelack Watanyou , Benjakul Soottawat , Meesane Jirut
Published: September 2014

The aim of this study was to evaluate immobilisation and structural formation of mimicked self-assembled collagen on Bombyx mori silk films for use as a biomedical material. Three concentrations (0·5, 1 and 2 mg/ml) of type Icollagen were mixed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 7). The mixture of type I collagen and PBS (biomimetic mixture) was immobilised on modified silk films with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide. The morphological and topographical characteristics observed using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy showed that as collagen concentrations increased, fibrils organised themselves into irregular structures as clusters of twisted fibrils. The structural formation of collagen immobilisation was determined using a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The FTIR spectra showed that both silk and collagens (amides I, II, III, A and B) were assigned to β-sheet conformation of silk fibroins and collagen type I. Hydrophobic and hydrophilic group functionalities of silk fibroin films were characterised by contact angle measurement, which demonstrated that immobilised silk fibroin films had low hydrophilic group functionality.
Applicability of Predictive Equations for Alfalfa Quality to Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico
Authors: Santillano‐Cázares Jesús , Carmona‐Victoria Martín , Contreras‐Govea Francisco E. , Idowu Omololu John , Albrecht Kenneth A.
Published: September 2014

Models to estimate alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentrations using easily available variables were developed and tested in northern, humid regions of the United States but have not been validated in arid areas below 35° N latitude. The objective of this research was to test the performance of predictive equations for alfalfa quality (PEAQ) on nondormant alfalfa grown in irrigated desert regions in New Mexico and northern Mexico. Alfalfa with fall dormancy ratings of 8 and 9 were sampled over 1 or 2 yr at three irrigated locations. Five alfalfa samples were taken per field on each sample date between 0730 and 0830 h, leaving a stubble of approximately 4 cm. Observed NDF and ADF values were regressed on predicted values yielding r2 and root mean square error values in the range of those previously reported for alfalfa grown in northern states. The accuracy of predictions was improved by using field means (n = 5) rather than individual samples. In most cases regression equations were biased (slope ≠ 1 and/or intercept ≠ 0), but the magnitude of bias was relatively small. The index of agreement (d) was greater than 0.86 for all data, indicating an acceptable goodness of fit to predict NDF and ADF concentration using PEAQ. It is concluded that PEAQ can predict, with reasonable accuracy, fiber concentrations in alfalfa grown in desert regions of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.
Stocking Rate Effects on ‘Jiggs’ Bermudagrass Pastures Grazed by Heifers Receiving Supplementation
Authors: Aguiar A. D. , Vendramini J. M. B. , Arthington J. D. , Sollenberger L. E. , Sanchez J. M. D. , da Silva W. L. , Valente A. L. S. , Salvo P.
Published: September 2014

‘Jiggs’ bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] is a productive forage in the southeastern United States; however, there is limited information on grazing management of this bermudagrass ecotype. The objective of this study was to test the effects of different stocking rates on animal performance and herbage characteristics of Jiggs pastures. The experiment was conducted in Ona, FL, from May to August 2011 and 2012. Treatments were three stocking rates, 3.0 (low), 7.5 (medium), and 12.0 animal units (AU = 450 kg liveweight [LW]) ha−1 (high). The animals received 10 g kg−1 LW concentrate supplement daily during the experimental period. Heifer weight was recorded every 28 d and herbage parameters were measured every 14 d. There was a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in herbage mass (HM, from 3.8 to 2.4 Mg ha−1), light interception (from 94 to 71%), forage height (from 17 to 9 cm), and herbage allowance (HA, from 2.3 to 0.4 kg dry matter kg−1 LW) with increasing stocking rate. There was no effect (P > 0.10) of stocking rate on herbage nutritive value. Jiggs ground cover decreased (P < 0.01) from 95 to 39% with increasing stocking rates. Heifer average daily gain decreased (P < 0.01, from 0.7 to 0.3 kg d−1) and gain per hectare (P = 0.01, from 692 to 1064 kg ha−1) increased as stocking rate increased. Despite greater gain per hectare with increasing stocking rate, continuously stocked Jiggs should not be grazed below 17‐cm stubble height during the growing season to maintain the stand.
Seed Water Concentration and Accumulation of Protein and Oil in Soybean Seeds
Authors: Poeta Florencia B. , Rotundo José L. , Borrás Lucas , Westgate Mark E.
Published: September 2014

Seed development is partitioned into a ‘lag’ phase, a ‘seed filling’ phase, and a ‘maturation’ phase. Transitions between phases correspond to seed water concentration (WC) values that are fairly consistent within species. For soybean (Glycine max L.), linear seed filling begins at approximately 85% (WCL) and maximum dry weight is attained at approximately 60% (WCM). While such WC values benchmark the progress of seed development, their utility for establishing onset and duration of individual seed chemical component accumulation is not known. Our objectives were (i) to determine WCL and WCM for seed protein, oil, and residual (mostly carbohydrates), (ii) to assess stability across genotypes and environments, and (iii) to investigate their relationship with the duration of accumulation. The WCL and WCM for oil, protein, and residual were significantly different. Values were higher for residual and lower for oil. Since seeds desiccate throughout their development, residual accumulation was initiated first, followed by protein, then by oil. The parameter WCL was more stable across genotypes than was WCM. Genotypes with lower WCM values had a longer duration of component accumulation. Increasing assimilate supply per seed decreased WCL for all seed components, but had little impact on WCM. Our results indicate that a water relations framework can be used to characterize accumulation patterns of individual seed components across genotypes and environments, providing a common basis for modeling the composition of soybean seeds.
Benefits and Costs of Appointing Joint Audit Engagement Partners
Authors: Ittonen Kim , Trønnes Per Christen
Published: September 2014

We investigate whether the practice of voluntarily engaging two audit partners is associated with audit quality and audit fees. Using a sample of listed Finnish and Swedish firms, we find evidence that joint engagement partners may be associated with higher audit quality, but not with higher audit fees. Moreover, the benefits of having joint engagement partners are driven by the cases where the partners are co-located in the same office and the clients' characteristics suggest the audit will be more challenging than is usual. When the joint engagement partners are from different offices, we find no variation in audit quality from that of single-partner audits, but a small reduction in audit fees. We interpret these findings to suggest that two audit partners co-located in the same office increase the effectiveness of the audit, whereas partners from different offices improve the efficiency vis-à-vis that of a single-partner audit. In general, our findings suggest that the benefits of the “four eyes principle” usually attributed to joint audits between two audit firms, are also applicable when there are two jointly responsible engagement partners from the same firm and, importantly, that the costs to clients do not appear to increase.
Biomonitoring of atmospheric trace elements in agricultural areas and a former uranium mine
Authors: Rodriguez Judith H. , Wannaz Eduardo D. , Weller Sebastian B. , Pignata María L.
Published: September 2014

Most biomonitoring studies worldwide have evaluated the air quality in industrial and urban areas, and even in mining areas to a lesser extent. However, air quality investigations in agricultural areas are scarce. In the present study, the trace metal accumulation and physiological response of the biomonitor
Circulating MicroRNAs as Biomarkers in Coronary Heart Disease and Heart Failure
Authors: Cameron Vicky A , Pilbrow Anna P
Published: September 2014

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding, single-stranded RNAs (19–25 nucleotides long) that regulate expression of multiple target genes, predominantly by binding to the 3′ untranslated region of messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts, resulting either in translational inhibition or mRNA degradation. miRNAs are found in many bodily fluids, including plasma and serum, and are protected from degradation in the circulation through association with lipids, proteins, or microparticles, making them attractive disease biomarker candidates. Circulating levels of cardiac miRNAs (including miR-1, miR-133a, miR-208a, miR-208b, and miR-499) have been frequently reported as elevated in both coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart failure (HF) and have been proposed as candidate biomarkers that reflect the severity of myocardial injury. Subsequent large, array-based screening studies comparing patients and controls have identified altered expression of additional miRNAs, not just those of cardiac origin. However, among these studies there has been little consensus as to which miRNAs are top candidates for diagnosis or prognosis in either CHD or HF. The measurement of circulating miRNAs is further complicated by the timing of collection, especially after acute cardiac events while miRNA levels in blood may be rapidly changing; confounding influences from medications or contaminating blood cells at the time of sampling; and the need for standardization of normalization strategies. This review evaluates recent developments in the identification of circulating miRNAs as markers for diagnosis and prognosis in CHD and HF, and the methodological issues in measurement of circulating miRNAs.
Jewish Dating or Niche-making?
Authors: Gromova Alina
Published: September 2014

In this article I am approaching the topic of Jewish dating among the young Russian-speaking Jews who live in Berlin. Using the analytical concept of space and applying grounded theory, I am presenting data I collected in 2010 using the methods of ethnographic interviews and participant observation. The article is organised around three main questions. Firstly, I am interested in the motivation of my interviewees, who are generally children of inter-ethnic and inter-religious couples, to find a solely Jewish partner. Secondly, I am asking for existing strategies applied within a relatively small Jewish community of around thirty to fifty thousand in Berlin in order to find a Jewish partner. Thirdly, I am looking for the concrete spaces and places used or constructed for the purpose of finding a Jewish girlfriend or boyfriend. Beside these empirical results, I am introducing the theoretical idea of Jewish niches, which is discussed against the background of 'Jewish space' as promulgated by Diana Pinto.
Interpreting the Jewish Quarter
Authors: Gantner Eszter B.
Published: September 2014

The persecution, flight and murder of European Jews in the first half of the twentieth century and the profound social and political transformations that decisively affected European cities in the final decade of the 20th century have radically altered urban 'Jewish landscapes'. New stakeholders and institutions emerged with their own networks, goals and interests, and have constructed, staged and marketed 'Jewish culture' anew. The resultant Jewish spaces are being constituted in an urban space located at the intersection of ethnic representation, collective memory, and drawing on an imagined material culture, which includes architectural, physical and digital spaces (e.g. synagogues, Jewish quarters). This Europe-wide process is closely related to the delicate politics of memory and to discourses on the authenticity of cities. This article analyses how the image of 'Jewishness' plays an increasingly important role in the marketing of historical authenticity that cities and their tourism affiliates are undertaking.
Jews and Other Others at the Holocaust Memorial in Berlin
Authors: Dekel Irit
Published: September 2014

Is the Holocaust Memorial in Berlin a Jewish space? How are Jews presented there? What are the points of interest about Jews in the memorial from the perspective of the foundation that runs it as well as from various visitors' perspectives? This article focuses on interaction and performance at the memorial, an understudied topic in comparison to what the memorial presents in its installation and the debates that preceded its realisation. I argue that the memorial's form and location create interpretation strategies that are based on the dialectics of representation and non-representation, emotional experience versus knowledge about the Holocaust. This is differently manifested in the action of various groups visiting the memorial. Interpretation strategies rest on Jews being a category of memory. In substantiating this claim, I focus on the experience of German visitors, compared to that of Jewish visitors and claim that whereas Jews' experience of the site is directly linked to sharing intimate knowledge about the Holocaust, Germans tend to talk about the site metaphorically and in emotional terms, confirming the memorial's own ontology.
The Literary Making of Home(land)
Authors: Butter Stella
Published: September 2014

This article discusses the role literature plays in shaping 'home' as an ideological site of the spatial imaginary by drawing on Lloyd Jones' novel Mister Pip (2006) as a case study. Special emphasis is placed on analysing how ideals of home are rooted in 'cultures of subjectivity' (Reckwitz 2012). I systematically tease out two paradigms of home in Mister Pip and comment on their social implications within a postcolonial context. As I show, literature features as the privileged model of home in Mister Pip. This ideal of home is connected to a specific form of subjectivity, namely the 'creative self' (Reckwitz 2012). By shifting my attention to issues of reader response, I argue that Mister Pip 'trains' its readers in practices of the creative self, thereby contributing to a specific form of homemaking. I conclude with a critical assessment of Jones' literary achievement in the light of postcolonial power relations.
Garment-Integrated Bend Sensor
Authors: Gioberto Guido , Dunne Lucy
Published: September 2014

Garment-integrated sensors equip clothes with a smart sensing capability, while preserving the comfort of the user. However, this benefit can be to the detriment of sensing accuracy due to the unpredictability of garment movement (which affects sensor positioning) and textile folds (which can affect sensor orientation). However, sensors integrated directly into garments or fabric structures can also be used to detect the movement of the garment during wearing. Specifically, a textile bend sensor could be used to sense folds in the garment. We tested a garment-integrated stitched sensor for five types of folds, stitched on five different weights of un-stretchable denim fabric and analyzed the effects of fold complexity and fabric stiffness, under un-insulated and insulated conditions. Results show that insulation improves the linearity and repeatability of the sensor response, particularly for higher fold complexity. Stiffer fabrics show greater sensitivity, but less linearity. Sensor response amplitude is larger for more complex fold geometries. The utility of a linear bending response (insulated) and a binary shorting response (un-insulated) is discussed. Overall, the sensor exhibits excellent repeatability and accuracy, particularly for a fiber-based, textile-integrated sensor.
Molecular Modeling and MM-PBSA Free Energy Analysis of Endo-1,4-β-Xylanase from Ruminococcus albus 8
Authors: Zhan Dongling , Yu Lei , Jin Hanyong , Guan Shanshan , Han Weiwei
Published: September 2014

Endo-1,4-β-xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8) is the enzyme from Ruminococcus albus 8 (R. albus 8) (Xyn10A), and catalyzes the degradation of arabinoxylan, which is a major cell wall non-starch polysaccharide of cereals. The crystallographic structure of Xyn10A is still unknown. For this reason, we report a computer-assisted homology study conducted to build its three-dimensional structure based on the known sequence of amino acids of this enzyme. In this study, the best similarity was found with the Clostridium thermocellum (C. thermocellum) N-terminal endo-1,4-β-d-xylanase 10 b. Following the 100 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, a reliable model was obtained for further studies. Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) methods were used for the substrate xylotetraose having the reactive sugar, which was bound in the −1 subsite of Xyn10A in the 4C1 (chair) and 2SO (skew boat) ground state conformations. According to the simulations and free energy analysis, Xyn10A binds the substrate with the −1 sugar in the 2SO conformation 39.27 kcal·mol−1 tighter than the substrate with the sugar in the 4C1 conformation. According to the Xyn10A-2SO Xylotetraose (X4(sb) interaction energies, the most important subsite for the substrate binding is subsite −1. The results of this study indicate that the substrate is bound in a skew boat conformation with Xyn10A and the −1 sugar subsite proceeds from the 4C1 conformation through 2SO to the transition state. MM-PBSA free energy analysis indicates that Asn187 and Trp344 in subsite −1 may an important residue for substrate binding. Our findings provide fundamental knowledge that may contribute to further enhancement of enzyme performance through molecular engineering.
Editorial to the Organophosphorus Chemistry Special Issue of Molecules (2012–2014)
Authors: Keglevich György
Published: September 2014

The review entitled “Organophosphorus Chemistry for the Synthesis of Dendrimers” gives an overview of the methods of synthesis of phosphorus-containing dendrimers, with emphasis on the various roles played by the chemistry of phosphorus [1]. It is demonstrated that the presence of phosphorus atom(s) at each branching point of the dendrimeric structure is particularly important and highly valuable.
À propos de mycénien dekutuwoko
Authors: Chantraine Pierre
Published: September 2014

On a l'habitude de transcrire le mycénien dekutuwoko δικτυϝόργός, fabriquant de filets, ce qui est plausible. La principale difficulté consiste dans la transcription de e par iota, qui n'est admissible que pour de rares mots d'emprunt. Il est plus naturel de poser un thème δεικτυ- : cela supprime cette difficulté et s'accorde avec le vocalisme ancien des thèmes en -τυς, cf. κλειτύς.
Notes sur quelques passages d'Euripide
Authors: Lacroix Maurice
Published: September 2014

Héraclès, 107 et 119, il n'y a pas lieu à correction, la dernière syllabe de ύπώροφα pouvant être allongée devant le μ de μέλαθρα ; — 121-122, suggestion de J.-P. Mahé : écrire ainsi le passage mis entre deux | dans l'éd. Parmentier :

ζυγηφόρον πόλον άνέντες ώς

βάρος φέρον τροχηλάτοιο πώλου

(« laissant partir la roue qui porte l'attelage, car c'est une lourde charge que celle d'un cheval ballotté par le char ») ; — 735 : maintenir ἐς Ἅιδαν ou ἐς Ἅιδα (au lieu de la correction ἐξ Ἅιδα) et comprendre μέγας ὁ πρόσθ' ἄναξ comme désignant Lycos ; — 845 : comprendre «j'ai là une fonction qui n'est pas, pour mes amis, d'une nature telle qu'ils la trouvent agréable» ; — 891 : écrire Κατάρχεται χορεύματα τυπάνων ἄτερ ; — 1159 : écrire φέρ' ἄν τι κρατὶ περιβάλω πέπλῳ σκότος ; — Bacchantes, 8 : écrire τυφόμεν' ἁδροῦ τε πυρὸς έτι ζώσαν φλόγα — cf. Plut. Vie de Solon, 1 — et comprendre « les ruines fumantes de l'édifice et la flamme encore vivante d'un feu épais ».
Sur le contraste entre les Nuées et les Cavaliers
Authors: Robert Fernand
Published: September 2014

La comparaison des plaisanteries sur les « prostitués », comme celle des plaisanteries sur les chevaux et sur les chevelus et les chauves, montre que les Nuées sont aussi hostiles aux Cavaliers que la pièce des Cavaliers leur est favorable ; l'orientation spontanée et personnelle d'Aristophane est celle des Nuées.
À propos des images apuliennes de la Bataille d'Alexandre et du Conseil de Darius
Authors: Metzger Henri
Published: September 2014

La chronologie basse proposée par A. D. Trendall et ses élèves pour les vases apuliens du Style monumental invite à mettre à nouveau en relation la peinture de Philoxène d'Érétrie de la Bataille d'Alexandre et trois peintures de vases apuliennes, jadis commentées par Heydemann et Cari Robert. Ces images apuliennes de la Bataille expliquent à leur tour certains détails figurés sur le cratère des Perses du Musée de Naples. On interprétera l'image figurée au registre principal de ce vase comme celle du Conseil tenu par Darius Codoman avant l'affrontement décisif.
Le sens de ἀβακίσκοι (Athénée V, 207 C) et l'invention de l'opus tessellatum
Authors: Bruneau Philippe
Published: September 2014

Dans la description que Moschion, cité par Athénée, donne du navire de Hiéron de Syracuse, on admet généralement que ἀβακίσκοι (V, 207 c) désigne des « cubes de mosaïque ». Cette acception rend grammaticalement impossible l'interprétation du texte et n'est pas sémantiquement probable. Au contraire le couple ἀβαξ-ψῆφοι, d'usage courant dans la langue des votes et du jeu, a dû développer un couple parallèle dans la langue de la mosaïque où ψῆφος, « galet » ou « cube », avait normalement sa place ; ἀβακίσκος doit signifier « panneau en mosaïque ». Mais le texte de Moschion ne permet pas de préciser la technique employée sur le navire de Hiéron et cesse dès lors d'être un témoignage en faveur de l'origine sicilienne de l'opus tessellatum.
Εὐθηνία (P. Oxy. 2479)
Authors: Triantaphyllopoulos Jean
Published: September 2014

Dans le P. Oxy. 2479 (VIe siècle) il s'agit d'une pétition d'un colon fugitif adscripticius réclamant de son patron la remise d'impôts ; n'ayant pas semé durant son absence, il n'a pas à manger, même pas du pain sec, à cause de l'εὐθενία. Cette dernière, mésinterprétée par l'éditeur John Rea et par Jean Kakridès, qui s'est occupé spécialement du papyrus, n'est rien d'autre que la taxe de l'annone. Le verbe συντελέσαι (1. 19 s.) signifie plutôt payer l'impôt que le fermage. Le προνοητής (1. 21) serait plutôt le percepteur d'impôts que l'intendant privé. Le verbe κλύσαι (1. 24) aurait trait à une demande de remissio mercedis pour cause d'inondation.
Heating Performance Research in the Running-In Process of Wet Friction Clutch
Authors: Liu Yu Fei , Bai Xiu Chao , Li Xin , Lei Yong Liang
Published: September 2014

The heating in the running-in process of wet friction clutch is the key to research in this kind of products. In this paper, based on the shifting clutch composed of metal and paper-based friction liner, using MATLAB/SIMULINK software, the simulation model of friction clutch and the analysis model of conducting heat were established. Thus, the corresponding relationships were obtained, which were the total friction power and clutch temperature variation with the time during the running-in process. According to the simulation results, the main influencing factors on temperature control of wet friction clutch were analyzed during running-in process, and the results could provide reference for reasonable temperature rise control for the clutch.
Research on External Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics of H-Type Fin Tube Based on Longitudinal Vortex
Authors: Jiang Bo , Hao Wei Dong , Hu Zhi Hong , Liu Fu Guo
Published: September 2014

An H-type fin tube based on longitudinal vortex for boiler economizer is put forward in this paper, in order to solve the problem of too high temperature for denitration catalyst reaction for flue gas leaving the econonmizer. CFD method is adopted to study the external flow and heat transfer characteristics of the H-type fin tube based on longitudinal vortex, obtaining the flow field and temperature field distribution in the near wall region outside the fin tube. The results show that vortex flow in different degrees occurs in the rear flow field of the H-type fin tube based on longitudinal vortex, which introduces velocity component normal to main stream direction to the fluid of main flow zone, improves the synergy of temperature gradient field with velocity field and significantly enhances heat transfer performance of the fin tube. Within the parameter range studied in this paper, the 30° attack angle makes the best PEC value and correspondingly best comprehensive heat transfer performance.
A Control Method for Robot Fingers with Three-Axis Force Sensor
Authors: Luo Ming Hua , Pan Chun Wei , Yang Xiu Wen , Luo Xin Hua
Published: September 2014

This paper proposed a new grasping method for robot fingers with three-axis force sensors. When a robot hand with two fingers is grasping an object, such as an egg, two closed loops with negative feedback in force-control system are start. When grasping force of the two fingers are equal reference force, dynamic balance is reached. Once tiny sliding between egg and finger occurred, force feedback start immediately, dynamic balance is reached again. In this way, our robot hand can firmly grasps eggs, even if vibration added on the robot hand.
A New Collision Avoidance Strategy for Chinese Train Control System
Authors: Lin Jun Ting , Wang Xiao Ming , Dang Jian Wu
Published: September 2014

There are still enormous amount of collision between trains even if comprehensive and complex technology, such as train control system, is extensively deployed in the infrastructure which should help to avoid such collisions. Experiences from aviation, maritime, and road transport systems have shown that the probability of collisions can be significantly reduced with collision avoidance systems basing on direct vehicle-to-vehicle communication on-board, which do hardly require infrastructure components. Additional Collision Avoidance System overlay Train Control System (CASOTCS) for Chinese railway, which is independent of the regular control mechanism, is provided in this paper. CASOTCS unit architecture and its key issues: position detection, direct train-to-train communication and collision surveillance resolution are also discussed. CASOTCS receives and evaluates the information broadcasted by other infinity trains, if a potential collision is detected, lead to collision alerts and avoidance resolution advisories. CASOTCS has the potential to increase safety and efficiency in the future, such as shorten the distance between trains.
Experimental Research of Hydraulic Cylinder Speed Control System Based on High-Speed On-Off Valve
Authors: Gao Qin He , Guan Wen Liang , Liu Zhi Hao
Published: September 2014

Series and parallel application schemes between high-speed on-off valve and hydraulic cylinder are proposed to control the speed of hydraulic cylinder based on the analysis of high-speed on-off valve flow characteristics. The duty cycle of pulse control signal was changed according to the displacement of hydraulic cylinder to control the speed of hydraulic cylinder and weak the impact. The speed and acceleration curve of hydraulic cylinder were achieved by the means of experiment with FESTO. Experimental results show that, two application schemes can both control the speed of hydraulic cylinder effectively. Series application scheme can be only applied to small flow hydraulic system; parallel application scheme has wider application.