bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROFESSOR EVGENIY NEYOLOV. FAIRY TALE AND FANTASY RESEARCHER: CELEBRATING HIS 75TH BIRTHDAY ANNIVERSARY
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Rovenko Nadezhda , Loiter Sofia ,   Petrozavodsk State University
Published: June 2023

The review covers the materials of a research seminar dedicated to the anniversary of Professor Evgeniy Neyolov (1947–2014), which was a continuation of the seminar in memory of his teacher, Professor Irina Lupanova. The purpose of these seminars is to broaden the scope of the study of folklore and literary fairy tales, modern school folklore, children’s literature, science fiction and fantasy through in-depth familiarity with the personalities and works of Irina Lupanova and Evgeniy Neyolov. The purpose of these seminars is to broaden the scope of the study of folklore and literary fairy tales, modern school folklore, children’s literature, science fiction and fantasy. The discussion of the proposed topics involves professional polemics and deepens and consolidates the material, as the participants include not only educators and scholars but also undergraduate and graduate students as well as high school teachers and students. The papers and presentations delivered at this seminar reveal the innovative and original nature of Ev- geniy Neyolov’s research and demonstrate the continuity of the approaches of contemporary researchers and the methodology developed by the scholar. In the world of fairy tale and fantasy unexpected associations, meanings and motifs are revealed, which is shown in the presentations, primarily devoted to the work of a variety of writers: Yevgeny Baratynsky, Konstantin Gnetnev, Veniamin Kaverin, Lyudmila Petrushevskaya, Mikail Bulgakov, Arkady and Boris Strugatsky, and Viktor Pelevin.
CHILDREN AND CHILDHOOD, HISTORY AND CULTURE: CONFERENCE IN MEMORY OF VITALY GRIGORIEVICH BEZROGOV
Authors:   Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University, Romashina Ekaterina
Published: June 2023

The third online scientific conference “Children and childhood in the history of culture: modern interdisciplinary research. In memory of Vitaly Bezrogov (1959–2019)” was held on December 2–3, 2022. It was organized by the Faculty of Cultural Studies of the Russian State University for the Humanities (Chairman of the Organizing Committee, Dean Galina Zvereva) and the Institute of Innovative Educational Practices of the Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University (co-chairman Prof. Ekaterina Romashina). Being the memorial conference, at the same time, it became a platform for discussing a wide range of topics on the history of culture and education: the study of childhood in an interdisciplinary scientific discourse; textbooks and educational practices in Europe and Russia; the anthropology of childhood, etc. The special thematic panel was a conversation about the legacy of Jan Amos Comenius — to the anniversary of the genius.
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE « L’AUTRE DANS LA LITTÉRATURE DE JEUNESSE RUSSE »
Authors:   University of Parma, De Florio Giulia
Published: June 2023

This review reports on the international research conference « L’autre dans la littérature de jeunesse russe » (“The Other” in Russian Children’s Literature) held at the Clermont Auvergne University. The conference was organised by the Centre de Recherches sur les Littératures et la Sociopoétique (CELIS) and brought together specialists in children’s literature from Russia, France and Italy. Ten papers were presented in which the category of “Stranger/Other” was considered in the material of Russian children’s literature of different epochs and directions and placed in the context of contemporary world research on the agency of the child. The researchers focus on the works of individual authors (Arkady Gaidar), genres and subgenres of children’s literature (zoofiction, fantasy, science fiction, non-fiction), historical and cultural phenomena (children’s books of “Russian abroad”), various aspects of representation of the “other” (corporality, category “fat / slim”), themes (perception of war in modern children’s literature), individual works (“Leto v Pionerskom Galstuke” (“Summer in a pioneer tie”) by Katerina Silvanova and Elena Malisova). The survey gives a brief summary of the presentations, draws attention to the variety of methods and approaches of the researchers, and characterizes the significance of the conference as a whole.
SQUAD OF TALENTED CHILDREN
Authors:   Institute of Russian Literature (The Pushkin House) Russian Academy of Sciences, Maslinskaya Svetlana , Luchkina Olga ,   Institute of Russian Literature (The Pushkin House) Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: June 2023

The introduction to the archival block offers a brief overview of the reflections of educators, writers, and psychologists on children’s creativity. At the beginning of the 20th century, interest in children’s writing was closely linked to solving educational tasks: using genres of personal writing (diary, letter, handwritten album/journal), educators hoped to develop students’ written speech. At the same time, children’s writing began to be endowed with independent value, as a result, the problem of immanent qualities of children’s creativity as a phenomenon began to be discussed. The nature of children’s writing has been considered from the point of view of originality/secondary. If free education teachers still saw aesthetic value in individual children’s creativity, then by the 1930s writers who patronized children’s writing stated on the one hand, the need for polishing children’s writing, and on the other hand, they fixed the inevitable influence of book and newspaper templates that deformed the “directness”, “organicity”, “authenticity”, “freshness” of children’s written language. The fascination with collective forms of creativity (not only in relation to children) in the first third of the 20th century was expressed in the emergence of such forms of organization of children’s self-expression as collective creative projects. Their support by adults led to publications with significant circulations of collections of children’s works. At the same time, the reflections of educators and writers revealed a jealous rejection of the consequences of publishing children’s work: “conceit” and “arrogance” of children. In the end, children’s creativity, recognized by educators as a legitimate way for a child to express their personality, by the end of the 1930s again began to be perceived primarily as an educational tool.
Improving the Antifriction Behaviors of Steel by Hybrid Treatments of MoS2 and Surface Texture
Authors: Zeng Qunfeng , Zhu Lili
Published: June 2023

Abstract: In the present paper, the composite coatings with MoS2 and graphite in the epoxy resin were deposited on the textured surface of steel by laser and wire-electrode cutting technology to improve the anti-friction behaviors of the steel. The influences of the content of MoS2 and graphite and the types of surface texture on the anti-friction behavior were studied systematically. The experimental results show that the textured specimens with 1 mm space line and pentagon shape pore exhibit low friction behaviors under dry friction. CoF (coefficient of friction) of the pore and line textured with high content of MoS2 and graphite is reduced by 27.7% and 42.3% under dry friction and by 30.0% and 33.3% under starved lubrication, respectively. CoF of the texture and coating duplex-treated steel is much lower than that of the untreated steel due to the solid lubrication of MoS2 and graphite under dry friction. The possible antifriction and antiwear mechanism is discussed. It is concluded that the duplex-treated steel with the texture and coating exhibits good anti-friction behaviors and the composite coatings with solid lubricant are beneficial to improve the tribological properties of steel under starved and dry friction testing conditions. It is shown that hybrid surface treatment with the texture and solid lubricant coating is an effective way to improve the tribological properties of steel. Solid lubricant coatings deposited on the textured surface can be applied to improve the antifriction behaviors of steel under starved lubrication and dry friction.
METHODS OF COLLECTING AND PROCESSING IMAGES OBTAINED USING UAVs TO DETECT SPECIFIED OBJECTS
Authors:   Khmelnytskyi National University, MELNYCHENKO Oleksandr
Published: June 2023

This study introduces a novel approach for identifying and quantifying specific structural objects, using fruit as an example, through images captured by drones in real time. The approach involves a series of steps: dynamically capturing images of the specified objects in 3D space using a fleet of drones, synchronizing video feeds from different drones, and finally, detecting and counting the objects. During the detection phase, a new version of the YOLOv5 model, YOLOv5-v1, was trained on a custom dataset of apple images to learn the features that differentiate apples from their surroundings. The initial size of the source network’s binding block was adjusted to avoid misidentifying small objects in the image background, thereby improving counting accuracy. The authors conducted computational experiments on a dataset of apple images they created to assess the approach’s effectiveness. The synchronization of video streams was assessed using the SSIM index, which ranged from 0.79 to 0.92, with an average value of 0.87, and the PSNR index, which ranged from 22 to 39. These values indicate the high efficiency of the developed synchronization method and the high quality of the resulting combined images. The results on the test dataset showed that the improved model could effectively identify fruits captured by the drone camera, with recall, precision, mAP, and F1-score of 92.13%, 84.59%, 87.94%, and 89.02%, respectively. The proposed approach was also compared with several other cutting-edge models, YOLOv3, YOLOv4, and YOLOv5, and was found to be superior in accuracy and speed. Our model’s average recognition speed was 0.015 seconds per video frame (66.7 frames/s), which was 1.13 and 3.53 times faster than the YOLOv4, and YOLOv3 networks, respectively. The average reliability index for detecting and counting fruit was 86.75%. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of using drone-captured images to detect specified objects. Future research could also explore including additional features, such as fruit shape, by training the model on a larger dataset.
Women Journalists on the Frontline: Exploring Violence Enacted Against Women Journalists in Brazil and South Africa
Authors: Bombi Thandi , Ncube Vuyolwethu , Malacarne Juliana
Published: June 2023

Violence in its various forms (be it physical, verbal, or structural) is enacted by political figures against women journalists across the globe. This study focuses on the violence experienced by women journalists reporting on politics in Brazil and South Africa. The paper examines the question: How are elements of violence enacted against women journalists by political actors in South Africa similar to those in Brazil? The study samples eight pieces of visual data in which the Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) and President Jair Bolsonaro verbally and physically assault women journalists. The research explores the individual and intersecting tenets of gender-based violence in both contexts. Videos from Brazil and South Africa were sourced from YouTube and Twitter and analysed using thematic analysis. The two main themes the paper explores are: strategic gender-based violence and the avoidance of accountability, and the intersections of power, patriarchy, and physicality. The research concludes that the political figures are aware of the woman journalist’s position in society and use strategic forms of violence to wield their power to both undermine and silence the journalists. Their strategy requires a violence toolkit that consists of the structural and patriarchal gender-based violence embedded in both contexts. The politicians want to avoid accountability for their actions as well as ensure that the woman journalist understands the risk and violence they face if they continue to probe and question them. The paper recommends that further studies should research the strategies that are used to address the gendered violence experienced by women journalists.
The Impact of Patriarchy on the Education of Mother-learners: A Phenomenological Study of Three Rural Schools in Namibia
Authors: Haipinge Rauha , Ferguson Rene , Griffiths Dominic
Published: June 2023

This article investigates some of the constraining factors experienced by 16 school-going mothers in the Okalongo circuit, Namibia. This was a qualitative phenomenological study, conducted through in-depth individual interviews, focus group discussions, and reflective journals with 16 school-going mothers between the ages of 17 and 20, purposively selected from three different public rural schools. This qualitative, phenomenological study analyses, through feminist and intersectionality theory, the lived experiences of these young mothers as they encounter the traditional, patriarchal attitudes and practices of the Ovambadja community because these girls fell pregnant before their formal, cultural initiation. The article documents, through the voices of the young women themselves, the numerous constraints they experienced and overcame in their determination to complete their schooling. The findings show that, aside from the deeply held destructive patriarchal beliefs that significantly constrain and harm the mother-learners, the Namibian Learners Pregnancy Policy, which is intended to protect and ensure pregnant learners and mother-learners complete their schooling, is not being properly or effectively implemented. The study recommends an increase in efforts at the national level in Namibia to raise awareness among members of parliament, school administrators and principals, and all policymakers to develop better monitoring systems that will improve policy implementation in schools.
Business Development Services Providers: Pathways and Involvement of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Arusha City and the Moshi Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Kweka A. E , Makindara J. R , Bengesi K. M. K
Published: June 2023

This paper aims at determining Business Development Service Providers’ (BDSPs) pathways and involvement of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in development and delivery of Business Development Service (BDS). The study was conducted in Arusha City and Moshi Municipality, in Tanzania. A total of 65 BDS providers and 254 MSMEs were sampled and a cross-sectional research design was used for this study. Respondents were selected by using a purposive and a simple random sampling procedure. Data were collected using a questionnaire and focus group discussions (FGDs). Qualitative data was analysed using content analysis, while quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results indicated that most of the pathways utilized by BDS providers in service delivery to MSMEs were seminars, trainings and workshops. Others were vocational training, incubators, technical transfer and promotion of appropriate technology, trade fair exhibitions, and consultancy as well as business information services. However, there were no institutionalized approaches regarding BDS delivery approaches among the surveyed BDS providers. Similarly, the surveyed BDS providers indicated limited MSMEs involvement in needs assessment, service designing and delivery approaches. Due to several constraining factor such as inadequate financial resources, lack of coordination and inadequate BDS providers’ information and awareness among MSMEs. The study concludes that it is not possible to determine which pathway is the most appropriate to follow in delivering services to MSMEs. Therefore, the choice of the pathway depends mostly on the focus of the providers delivering BDS. The study recommends that BDS providers need to ensure that their delivery pathways are clients oriented by involving them in the whole process of service delivery particularly in the needs assessment, services designing and delivery. Furthermore, the study recommends that the policy makers advocate for strategies that will facilitate MSMEs involvement in BDS designing and the delivery processes. Such strategies should include MSMEs capacity building and the use of appropriate participation methods. Likewise, the strategies should focus on improving MSMEs involvement in the BDS delivery process to ensure sustainable MSMEs development is achieved.
Basic School pupils’ perception of Entrepreneurship: A study of University Junior High School pupils
Authors: Nyadu-Addo R , Nunoo I.O.N
Published: June 2023

The study aimed at evaluating the interest and attitude of Junior High School (JHS) learners in the entrepreneurial skills topic taught as part of the Social Studies subject, which is one of the common core subjects newly introduced for basic 7 to 10 levels of study. Data was collected from 103 JHS students from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) Basic School. Data collection was done using both questionnaire and interview guide. Data and information collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of the study revealed that the respondents had shallow knowledge on the entrepreneurial topic, citing a lack of practical training and experience on the part of the teachers. The respondents believed that well trained and experienced practitioners should be used in teaching the entrepreneurial skills topic. The study concludes that schools have fundamental roles to play in ensuring effective entrepreneurial education for the youth since entrepreneurship education in Ghana is seen as one of the best ways to solve the graduate unemployment situation in the country. The study recommends the need to review the curriculum on entrepreneurship to cover the development of student’s knowledge, skills and practical abilities. In addition staff should be supported and exposed to industrial experience on the topic, to enable them teach the practical aspects of the entrepreneurial content. The study further recommends that efforts should be made to involve experienced practitioners in teaching the subject.
Reaching the Sustainable Development Goals through business-to-business partnerships: Lessons from sales partnerships between German and African companies
Authors: Züfle Simon , P. Schneider Christian
Published: June 2023

In 2015, the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a collection of 17 global objectives to promote economic, social and ecological development in all parts of the world. While the academic discussion on the contribution of companies to the Sustainable Development Goals has recently gained momentum, the role of business-to-business (B2B) partnerships in reaching the SDGs is underexplored, particularly when it comes to North-South relationships. With our research, we aim to fill this gap in the literature by investigating sales partnerships between German manufacturers and their distributors in African markets. Based on a qualitative analysis of 28 interviews with managers of German and African companies, we show that long-term partnerships and job creation, technology transfer, training as well as high standards are significant contributions of companies to achieve the SDGs. While several SDGs such as goals 4,6,13,16 and 17 are addressed by B2B partnership, we also discuss approaches on how the firms’ engagement could be further leveraged and expanded.
The Marketing of Experiences in the Wine Industry in Romania
Authors: Balasescu Marius
Published: June 2023

Today, many companies have turned their attention from the traditional "features and benefits" to the activity of creating experiences for their customers. In this way, the emotional activation of the customer is attempted, in addition to the rational part of buying the product. As part of this work, we have carried out quantitative marketing research, to find out the opinions of Romanian consumers related to the wine consumption experience. The general objectives of the research are the following: identify consumption habits among Romanian wine consumers; identify how Romanian consumers prefer to enjoy their favorite wine; determine the preferences of Romanian consumers regarding the color and type of preferred wine; determine the frequency of the purchase of wine by Romanian consumers and the place where they purchase their preferred types of wine. The research results can address wine-producing companies from Romania, wine distributors, hotels, and restaurants, for the future development of activities in this field.
Glass Fiber for Improved Behavior of Light Expanded Clay Aggregate Concrete Beams: An Experimental Study
Authors: Aboul Nour Louay , Gamal Mariam , Ghoniem Amr
Published: June 2023

Concrete developed from light expanded clay aggregate (LECA) and glass fiber has good performance, durability, and sustainability. Towards this, the experimental investigation was designed to study cubes, cylinders, and simply supported beams. Four mixtures had LECA volume of 0%, 75%, 85%, and 95% as coarse aggregate replacement and glass fiber content volume of 2% (N, L75, L85, and L95), and the other two mixtures had 75% LECA and glass fiber content of 1% and 1.5% (L75-F1 and L75-F1.5). Results compared to normal concrete showed the weight reduction of samples while adding more glass fiber caused slump reduction in contrast to LECA. Increasing glass fiber volume in the mixture had a negative influence on tensile strength while causing compressive strength enhancement. Moment resistance and energy absorption capacity of L85 were enhanced by 7.5% and 10.3%, respectively. For L75-F1 specimens, the beam stiffness and ductility were enhanced by 14.8% and 14.3%, respectively.
Influence of Internal Technological Defects on the Mechanical Properties of Structural CFRP
Authors: Lobanov Dmitriy , Slovikov Stanislav , Lunegova Ekaterina
Published: June 2023

The use of carbon-fiber composite materials (CFRP) in critical cases implies an increase in the resistance to the stability of their mechanical properties. For the purpose of in-depth analysis of defects in the experiments, an integrated approach to mechanical flaw detection and testing of CFRP is used. To determine the parameters of defects in ultrasonic diagnostic sensors and the method of infrared thermography. The main technological defects of structural carbon fiber in samples of the internal "glueline defect", are three geometric shapes (circle, square, rectangle) and a "buckling" inner layer. As a result of flaw detection of individual samples by ultrasonic diagnostics, data were obtained on the shape and size of defects such as "glueline defect" and "buckling". As a result of the study, tensile testing of the samples with and without defects was carried out using the Vic 3D system, the AMSY-6 acoustic emission system, and the FLIR SC7700M thermal imaging system. The tensile strength, elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, and maximum fracture strains of the studied CFRP without defects and with defects are obtained. The effect of defective zones on the main mechanical parameters is determined. The investigated defects lead to a decrease in strength and elastic characteristics by at least 15% and 5%, respectively.
Microstructure Characterization, Mechanical and Wear Behavior of Silicon Carbide and Neem Leaf Powder Reinforced AL7075 Alloy hybrid MMC’s.
Authors: Hatti Gururaj , Lakshmikanthan Avinash , Naveen G. J.
Published: June 2023

The demanding material quality criteria in the automotive and aerospace industries have recently had an impact on the development of lightweight aluminium alloys. The choice and application of metal-matrix composites as structural materials in this context are known to offer a variety of benefits. These benefits include the ability to combine high elastic modulus, toughness, and impact resistance; minimum sensitivity to change in temperature or thermal shock; durability of the surface is good; moisture absorption leads to the potential issue while minimum exposure which leads to environmental degradation; and improved fabricability with conventional metalworking equipment. Aluminium metal matrix composites (AMMCs) are a potential material for advanced structural, aviation, aerospace, marine, and defence applications, as well as for the automotive sector and other related fields, due to their outstanding combination of qualities. The stir casting procedure is used to create an aluminium metal matrix composite (AMMC), which is the most efficient way to do so. In this study, the aluminium alloy 7075 is strengthened using neem leaf powder and SiC. The Vickers hardness examination method is used to govern the hardness of hybrid composites. Eventually, the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites were assessed, and their relationship to the composites' matching microstructure and wear was addressed.
Structural Health Evaluation of Arch Bridge by Field Test and Optimized BPNN Algorithm
Authors: Xiong Zhihua , She Jiachen , Liang Zhuoxi , Mou Xulin , Zhang Yu
Published: June 2023

Arch bridges play an important role in rural roads in China. Due to insufficient funds and a lack of management techniques, many rural arch bridges are in a state of disrepair, unable to meet the increasing transportation needs. Thus, it is of great significance to develop a set of rapid and economic damage identification procedures for the management and maintenance of old arch bridges. Sanliushui Bridge, located in Chenggu County, Hanzhong, is selected as a model case. Field tests and numerical simulations were carried out to identify the damage states of Sanliushui Bridge. The sum square of wavelet packet energy change rate, a damage identification index based on wavelet packet analysis method was implemented to process the measured data of the load test and the simulated data of the numerical calculation model with assumed damage. BPNN, GA-BPNN, PSO-BPNN and test data analysis are adopted to compare the measured data with the simulated data to quantitatively identify the damage degree of the selected bridge. By comparing the results of the two methods mentioned above, it is found that the proposed damage identification approach realized a precise damage identification of the selected arch bridges.
Investigation into effective mechanical properties of porous material produced by the additive manufacturing method
Authors: Fakoor Mahdi , Tabatabaee Seyed Mohammad Javad
Published: June 2023

Porous materials are defined as materials that contain holes, voids, or spaces in their structures, which can be interconnected or isolated. In the most complex forms of these materials, the holes can have irregular shapes with a random distribution in size, location, and direction, making studying their properties a challenging problem. Additive manufacturing techniques offer opportunities to create complex structures, and in this paper, we investigate the effective mechanical properties of porous material produced by the Fused Displacement Modeling (FDM) technique. We also propose an algorithm for generating a porous body containing irregularly shaped holes with arbitrary distributions in size and location while maintaining specific porosity. Due to the orthotropic properties of bodies created by the FDM technique, Reinforced Isotropic Solid Modeling (RISM) is combined with existing theories that calculate the effective properties of isotropic materials. For the experiments, some modified standard specimen with a porosity of 0.05 to 0.40 has been fabricated, and the elastic modulus and ultimate stress have been calculated using the tensile test. Finally, the results are compared with experimental data.
Experimental and numerical investigation the effect of concrete strength and area of steel reinforcement on mechanical performance of functionally graded reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Ahmad Seleem , Ali Esraa , Moawad Mohamed , Elemam Hesham
Published: June 2023

In this work, an experimental and numerical program was designed to evaluate the role of compressive strength, Fc, and area of reinforcing steel, As, on the flexural behavior of functionally graded reinforced concrete beams. Eighteen layered sections of reinforced concrete beams were tested with different compressive strengths arrangement and area of main steel. The result showed that the minimum steel reinforcement with higher compressive strength in the compression zone increases load capacity and ductility. The average steel reinforcement with higher strength in the compression zone increases load capacity and decreases ductility. The results also approved that; higher strength in the compression zone can be used in beams with a high tensile steel ratio for decreasing compression steel as an economic side. 3D finite element was executed using ABAQUS to simulate experimental beams. The numerical result showed variation from the experimental but still, the behavior of numerical beams is the same as the experimental.
Automatic detection of concrete cracks from images using Adam-SqueezeNet deep learning model
Authors: Wang Lin
Published: June 2023

Cracks on concrete surface are typically clear warning signs of a potential threat to the integrity and serviceability of structure. The techniques based on image processing can effectively detect the cracks from images. These techniques, however, are generally susceptible to user-driven heuristic thresholds and extraneous distractors. Inspired by recent success of artificial intelligence, a deep learning based automated crack detection system called CrackSN was developed. An image dataset of concrete surface is collected by smartphone and carefully prepared in order to develop and train the CrackSN system. This proposed deep learning model, built on the Adam-SqueezeNet architecture, automatically learns the discriminative feature directly from the labeled and augmented patches. Hyperparameters of SqueezeNet are tuned with Adam optimization additive through the training and validation procedures. The fine-tuned CrackSN model outperforms state-of-the-art models in recent literature by correctly classifying 97.3% of the cracked patches in the image dataset. The success of CrackSN model demonstrated with light network design and outstanding performance provides a key step toward automated damage inspection and health evaluation for infrastructure.
Physicians’ Perspectives on EHR Usability: Results from Four Large Cross-Sectional Surveys from 2010 to 2021
Authors: Lääveri Tinja , Viitanen Johanna
Published: June 2023

Usability and user experience are central quality attributes of electronic health record (EHR) systems. Usability evaluation studies typically focus on short-term use and situational usability, although feedback collected during operational use provides input for future information systems development. An abundance of studies report on physicians’ dissatisfaction with the usability of their EHR systems and many show an association between poor usability and physician burnout. However, there is a scarcity of large long-term monitoring studies assessing end users’ experiences with EHRs. We report on the results from four large (n=3,929–4,628) national cross-sectional usability surveys conducted among Finnish physicians in 2010, 2014, 2017, and 2021. The main finding was that the perceptions of physicians working in public health centres had changed for the better but those working in public hospitals reported similar or even more negative experiences in 2021 than in 2010–17; they rated only system responsiveness to inputs as having improved. Based on this finding, systematic research-based monitoring of EHR development from the end users’ perspectives should be continued.
Differential Perceptions of What Constitutes a Medical Error Associated with Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Koppel Ross , Kuziemsky Craig , Elkin Peter L. , Monkman Helen , Lesselroth Blake , Nøhr Christian G.
Published: June 2023

Perceptions of errors associated with healthcare information technology (HIT) often depend on the context and position of the viewer. HIT vendors posit very different causes of errors than clinicians, implementation teams, or IT staff. Even within the same hospital, members of departments and services often implicate other departments. Organizations may attribute errors to external care partners that refer patients, such as nursing homes or outside clinics. Also, the various clinical roles within an organization (e.g., physicians, nurses, pharmacists) can conceptualize errors and their root causes differently. Overarching all these perceptual factors, the definitions, mechanisms, and incidence of HIT-related errors are remarkably conflictual. There is neither a universal standard for defining or counting these errors. This paper attempts to enumerate and clarify the issues related to differential perceptions of medical errors associated with HIT. It then suggests solutions.
Nurses’ Medication Administration Workarounds when Using Electronic Systems: An Analysis of Safety Incident Reports
Authors: Roberts Hannah I. , Kinlay Madaline , Debono Deborah , Burke Rosemary , Jones Aaron , Baysari Melissa T.
Published: June 2023

Electronic medication management systems (EMMS) have been implemented in most acute care settings in Australia to reduce medication error rates. One of the key challenges related to the introduction of EMMS in hospitals is the uptake of informal “workarounds” by clinicians, including nurses. In this study, we aimed to examine one workaround in depth, nurses not documenting medication administration in the EMMS at the time of administration. We conducted a review of incident reports to identify the factors that contribute to this workaround occurring and the consequences or potential consequences of this workaround on patients. We identified a range of contributing factors, with factors relating to the user (e.g. nurses being time poor) occurring most frequently in incident reports. The most frequently seen consequence of this workaround was the patient receiving an additional dose. This research revealed that strategies to reduce the uptake of this workaround should consider user and organisational factors rather than just EMMS design alone.
Social Determinants of Mobile Health App Adoption – A Qualitative Study of Older Adults’ Perceptions in Australia
Authors: Schroeder Tanja , Seaman Karla , Nguyen Amy D. , Gewald Heiko , Georgiou Andrew
Published: June 2023

Mobile health applications (mHealth apps) can provide effective self-management instruments for patients and offer advanced approaches to treatment. However, little is known about how the older population perceives the opportunity of using mHealth apps as a non-drug intervention. We aimed to identify the opinions and experiences of older people in Australia and gain new insights into their engagement with this modern approach to health treatment. We conducted a qualitative study with 21 Participants to explore users’ perspectives on adopting and using mHealth apps and their awareness of the social factors influencing their uptake. The results show that a trusting doctor-patient relationship positively affects older adults’ perceptions of mHealth apps. Consequently, the social influence of the General Practitioner (GP) plays a crucial role in the use of mHealth apps, while the social influence through family and friends seems to be less critical.
Engaging Stakeholders in a Substantive and Transparent Way When Implementing Ethics in Medical AI: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Goirand Magali , Austin Elizabeth , Clay-Williams Robyn
Published: June 2023

Implementing ethics is a complex problem requiring stakeholders engagement. Engaging in fair and transparent way with stakeholders is part of the complexity. This qualitative study applies principles and techniques of Critical Systems Thinking while engaging with stakeholders in the context of implementing ethics for a COVID-19 AI. In a reflexive manner, the study examines the participatory process and its output leading to recommendations.
Gathering Travel Needs and Preferences to Customize Truly Inclusive Experiences. The Case Study of the Interreg E-Chain Project
Authors: Bertolini Elisa Maria Vittoria , Castelli Lorenzo , Chiarelli Barbara
Published: June 2023

Accessibility is a central element of any responsible and sustainable tourism policy: it is both a human rights imperative, and an exceptional business opportunity, as mentioned by UNWTO Secretary-General Taleb Rifai. Accessible tourism for all is not only about providing access to people with disabilities, but also addresses the creation of universally designed environments that can support people that may have temporary disabilities, families with young children, the ever-increasing ageing population, as well as creating a safer environment for employees at work. It must also be considered that accessible tourism benefits everyone: as more individuals enjoy the opportunity to travel, the tourism industry gets more visitors, longer seasons and new incomes. This contribution presents the approach taken within the Italy-Croatia Interreg Project “E-Chain – Enhanced Connectivity and Harmonization of data for the Adriatic Intermodal Network”, focused on the provision of useful and personalized information for the traveling user.
The Role and Implication of UD to Foster Inclusion in Built Environments
Authors: Garofolo Ilaria
Published: June 2023

The level of inclusion of all its members in the complex of community activities is a fundamental indicator of the progress of a society that wants to be defined as civil and there is a rising awareness about the evidence that diversity and inclusion are linked to positive outcomes. The Universal Design approach is increasingly recognized as the one that helps to shape environments – in terms of physical and virtual environments, as well as buildings, goods and services – so that it can be accessed, understood, and used to the greatest extent possible by all people, regardless of their diversity. Thus, making a more inclusive society for all. This short essay summarizes some reflections resulting from studies, research and field practices reported by literature, and also experienced by the author in her training as a researcher and university professor. Attention is focused in particular on some critical issues and implications inherent in the practical application of UD principles, as well as on the importance of its multidisciplinary dimension, which also entails a different attitude towards the training of professionals.
Building Accessible Cities: A Reflection Through Time, Towards Future Perspectives
Authors: Marchigiani Elena
Published: June 2023

Today, against the impacts of aging population and the increase in social unbalances and demands, the call to make European cities more inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable puts the construction of equally distributed well-being conditions at the core of urban regeneration processes. From this perspective, accessibility to city spaces plays a significant role when understood as a right to citizenship, and as a crucial agent of socialisation. This chapter investigates accessibility as a set of spatial conditions allowing people (regardless of their age, gender, health, wealth and social status) to autonomously and sustainably move every day between their houses, public spaces and equipment. The assumption is that taking accessibility as a key attribute of cities helps conceptualise their spatial quality as a “performance feature” to be defined in relation to how individuals concretely act in places, according to their different bodies, needs, perceptions, lifestyles and co-existence habits. By recalling some past and present planning and design theories and practices, different physical and social dimensions of accessibility are questioned. The aim is to show the need to address urban regeneration towards the cities’ transformation into more “place and people sensitive”, inclusive and “proactive” environments.
Efeito de fontes e doses de acidificantes no pH do solo coletado do piso de galinheiros
Authors: Fernandes Deus Angélica Cristina , Vargas Motta Antônio Carlos , Kieras Gugelmin Eduardo , Dal Pizzol Rodrigo , Malinoski Simone , De Oliveira Cibelle
Published: June 2023

A acidificação de resíduo de animais vem sendo uma das maneiras de combater proliferação de bactérias e a alta volatilização de amônia (NH3). No Brazil, contrariamente, procede a alcalinização com óxidos básicos com elevação do pH da cama e solo do piso dos aviários, criando neste último uma fonte constante de contaminação. Neste sentido, este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o efeito de Bissulfato de sódio (SB) e enxofre elementar (ES) na acidificação de diferentes solos de aviário, quanto a eficiência e tempo de reação. Utilizou-se três solos coletados dentro de galpões de criação de frango (6, 36 e 60 meses de ocupação), além da coleta do solo externo ao aviário, totalizando quatro locais de amostragens. As duas fontes de acidificantes, o SB e o ES foram aplicadas em 6 doses crescentes (0, 2, 3, 6, 12 e 24 cmolc/kg de H+ na camada de 3 cm de solo), incubados até 53 dias. Ao final de cada período de incubação determinou-se o pH do solo. Os resultados do presente estudo permitiram concluir que o SB é eficiente na redução do pH do solo de aviário com reação imediata após sua aplicação. Nas condições do presente estudo a dose indicada de SB para reduzir o pH para 5,0 foi de 6 cmolc kg-1 H+ que correspondeu a aplicação de 7,2 g do produto em 500 g de solo. O ES elementar mostrou reação lenta e baixa eficiência. Acidificação do solo do aviário pode ser obtido rapidamente e eficientemente com uso de SB.
History of the child health care system in the southern region
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Alshykenova A. , Mussabalina G. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: June 2023

Trends in the historiography of healthcare in the Southern region are an actual part of the object of research. The history of the fight against childhood tuberculosis was created on the basis of archival documents (materials of the archives of Kazakhstan-Central State Administration of the Republic of Kazakhstan), statistical data on the incidence of tuberculosis in the Republic of Kazakhstan, as well as data from periodicals of the beginning of the last century. Although the history of healthcare in the south is widely studied, the history of childhood tuberculosis remains outside the object of research. The article is aimed at restoring topical issues related to the history of healthcare. A special place in the health care system of the region is occupied by children's tuberculosis in the territory of the Syrdarya region at the beginning of the last century, since that period the health care system has developed as a result of the struggle with various difficulties. The article gives a historical assessment of the activities of Asfendiyarov S.Zh., who became the People's Commissar of Health of the Turkestan Republic, in the field of health protection of the population of the South. Despite the difficulties of healthcare in the Southern Region, especially in times of shortage of medical personnel at the beginning of the last century, doctors heroically worked to overcome epidemiological diseases among children and adults. The study provides an overview of the ongoing organizational work to combat malaria, tuberculosis among children. In particular, the issues, causes and indicators of morbidity and mortality of children in the Turkestan region were analyzed. The previous and current state of childhood tuberculosis is presented on a special comparative basis. Also, the indicators of alcohol consumption among young parents, which are most harmful to the child's health, are statistically presented. The study examines the achievements of doctors in the fight against childhood tuberculosis in the modern Turkestan region, reflected in a special table at a relatively republican level.
Sources and studies on the historical geography of ancient and medieval settlements in the Syr Darya, Talas, and Semirechye areas
Authors:   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Kaiyrken T. , Ilyassova Z. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Alibekuly A. ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: June 2023

The article reveals information from Chinese, Arabic and Persian sources on the historical geography of ancient and medieval settlements in Syr Darya, Talas and Semirechye areas. It also reports on the introduction of this information into academic circulation, as well as on the scientists’ judgments regarding these sources. Thus, the article covers the official written sources included in The Twenty-four Histories, travel notes of such travellers as Xuánzàng, Jiǎ Dān, Dù Huán, works by medieval Arab authors Ibn Khordadbeh, Ibn al-Faqih, Qudama ibn Ja'far, al-Balkhi, Ibn Hawqal, Al-Maqdisi, al-Idrisi and Yaqut al-Hamaawi, and later works in Persian by Ala ad-Din Atâ-Malek Juvayni, Rashid al-Din, Jamal Karshi, Muhammad Haydar Dulati and Sharafeddin Ali Yazdi all related to ancient cities and settlements in the Syr Darya, Talas, Chu, Semirechye areas, and Eastern Tian-Shan. Accentuating these works, the authors analyze their potential and reliability, the complementarity of the data given and their unique features. Furthermore, the article presents source data about Kazakhstan and adjacent territories, namely about Eastern Tian-Shan and Kashgaria, and ancient cities along Syr Darya , collected by world’s academics, and shows the advantages and disadvantages of historical and geographical research based on this data. Such analysis contributes to further development of source study and historiography, which has originated in domestic science relatively recently and is now actively developing. The article analyses works by Michael Yang de Gu, Song Xian, V.Minorsky, H.Yule, Zhang Xingliang, Feng Chengjun, Cen Zhongmian, Zhou Liankuan, Th.Watters, V.V.Barthold, A.G.Malyavkin, P.Pelliot, A.M.Belenitsky, E.Chavannes, S.L.Volin, Matsuda Hisau, B.E.Komekov, R.B.Komekova, et alia.
Orphanages in Central Kazakhstan in 1954-1964: organizational structure, functioning, living conditions
Authors:   Academician E.A. Buketov Karaganda University, Saktaganova Z. , Shapagatova D. ,   Academician E.A. Buketov Karaganda University
Published: June 2023

The desire of the Soviet state to create a new generation of "Soviet people" through the functioning of orphanages turned out to be difficult to implement in practice. The condition of orphanages on the territory of Central Kazakhstan left much to be desired, as evidenced by the inspection materials presented in the article. The contingent of orphans often exceeded the number of available places, the quality of food did not meet the standards, the buildings of children's institutions and outbuildings needed repair. These problems were fixed by inspections, but there was not always a result in the form of elimination of current problems. There were many reasons for why children were left without relatives: the inability to feed a family, having many children forced parents to take their children to orphanages, the loss of loved ones during evacuation, the separation of imprisoned mothers with children, etc. As a result, they ended up in orphanages, or became street children, or were adopted or given for foster care. The article examines the history of orphanages in Central Kazakhstan, based on archival data, which reflects the reality of orphans in the Khrushchev period. The article was prepared on the basis of archival materials of the State Archive of Karaganda region and the State Archive of Karkaraly district.