bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual-branch Branch Networks Based on Contrastive Learning for Long-Tailed Remote Sensing
Authors: Zhang Lei , Peng Lijia , Xia Pengfei , Wei Chuyuan , Yang Chengwei , Zhang Yanyan
Published: December 2023

Deep learning has been widely used in remote sensing image classification and achieves many excellent results. These methods are all based on relatively balanced data sets. However, in real-world scenarios, many data sets belong to the long-tailed distribution, resulting in poor performance.
In view of the good performance of contrastive learning in long-tailed image classification, a new dual-branch fusion learning classification model is proposed to fuse the discriminative features of remote sensing images with spatial data, making full use of valuable image representation information
in imbalance data. This paper also presents a hybrid loss, which solves the problem of poor discrimination of extracted features caused by large intra-class variation and inter-class ambiguity. Extended experiments on three long-tailed remote sensing image classification data sets demonstrate
the advantages of the proposed dual-branch model based on contrastive learning in long-tailed image classification.
Comparison of 3D Point Cloud Completion Networks for High Altitude Lidar Scans of Buildings
Authors: Kulawiak Marek
Published: December 2023

High altitude lidar scans allow for rapid acquisition of big spatial data representing entire city blocks. Unfortunately, the raw point clouds acquired by this method are largely incomplete due to object occlusions and restrictions in scanning angles and sensor resolution, which can
negatively affect the obtained results. In recent years, many new solutions for 3D point cloud completion have been created and tested on various objects; however, the application of these methods to high-altitude lidar point clouds of buildings has not been properly investigated yet. In the
above context, this paper presents the results of applying several state-of-the-art point cloud completion networks to various building exteriors acquired by simulated airborne laser scanning. Moreover, the output point clouds generated from partial data are compared with complete ground-truth
point clouds. The performed tests show that the SeedFormer network trained on the ShapeNet-55 data set provides promising shape completion results.
GIS Tips & Tricks Slivers be Gone!
Authors: Carter Savannah , Karlin Al
Published: December 2023

One of the most annoying aspects of building large polygon datasets by heads-up digitizing occurs when there are small overlaps and/or gaps where the polygons meet. Edge-matching to eliminate slivers between digitized polygons can be a laborious and tedious task. These "slivers", especially
voids, can be very difficult to detect by visual means, so the GIS workflow to resolve these issues generally involves building topology, constructing a ruleset, and running advanced GIS tools; a heady operation for a beginning GIS analyst and particularly cumbersome when tracking a few slivers.
This month's GIS Tip demonstrates a quick and effective workflow to avoid the build topology route.
Okul Yöneticilerinin Öğretmenlerde Örgütsel Sapma Davranışlarına İlişkin Görüşleri
Authors: DEMİRKOL Murat
Published: December 2023

Bütün örgütlerde olduğu gibi eğitim örgütü olan okullarda da örgütsel sapma davranışlarının görülmesi ve okulların bu davranışlardan etkilenmesi muhtemeldir. Eğitim kurumlarında gerçekleştirilen çalışmanın amacı, okul yöneticilerinin gözünden öğretmenlerin kurumlarında sergilediği örgütsel sapma davranışlarının belirlenerek, nedenlerinin ve sonuçlarının tespit edilmesi ve okullarda örgütsel sapma davranışlarını azaltabilecek etkinlikleri belirlemektir. Çalışma, olgubilim (fenomonoloji) deseninin kullanıldığı nitel bir araştırmadır. Çalışma grubu, 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında Elazığ ilinde görev yapan okul yöneticileri arasından amaca yönelik örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiş toplam 20 okul yöneticisinden oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulguları şunlardır: Öğretmenlerin, yasal olarak yapmak zorunda oldukları her türlü görevin ihmal etmelerinin birer sapma davranışı olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Öğretmenlerde gözlemlenen sapma davranışlarının sebeplerine bakıldığında, daha çok sistemden ve okul yönetiminden kaynaklı olduğu görülmekle beraber bireyin kişisel özelliklerinden kaynaklı olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma neticesinde örgütsel sapma davranışlarının azaltılabilmesi için öğretmenlere yönelik ödül ve cezanın adaletli olarak uygulanması, öğretmenlerin bağlılığını artıracak sosyal etkinlikleri düzenlenmesi, iletişim kanallarının açık tutulması, düzenli denetlemelerin yapılması, problemlere çözüm yolları aranması, okulun hedeflerinin açık bir şekilde tanıtılması etkinliklerinin yer aldığı olumlu okul ikliminin geliştirilmesinin gerekli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmen Adaylarının Dijitalleşme Kavramına Yönelik Metaforik Algıları
Authors: SALUR Murat
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının dijitalleşme kavramına ilişkin algılarını, metafor kullanarak belirlemektir. Çalışmada, sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının dijitalleşme kavramına ilişkin ürettikleri metaforik çağrışımlar arasındaki farklılıkları belirlemek için nitel araştırma yöntemleri kapsamında değerlendirilen olgubilim (fenomenoloji) deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, Muş Alparslan Üniversitesinde 2022-2023 eğitim-öğretim yılında öğrenim gören 78’i erkek ve 74’ü kadın olmak üzere toplamda 152 sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler, yapılandırılmış açık uçlu soru formu aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda katılımcılardan, “Dijitalleşme………………….benzer, çünkü ………………….” cümlesini tamamlamaları istenmiştir. Sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarından, yapılandırılmış açık uçlu soru formu aracılığıyla elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının en çok “Zararlı unsurlar olarak dijitalleşme kavramı” teması altında metafor oluşturdukları tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kadın öğretmen adayları; “Yaşamı kolaylaştıran faktörler olarak dijitalleşme kavramı”, “Yol gösterici unsur olarak dijitalleşme kavramı” ve “Temel ihtiyaç olarak dijitalleşme kavramı” temalarında ürettikleri metaforik imgeler, erkek öğretmen adaylarının ürettiklerinden daha fazladır. Buna karşılık “Zararlı unsurlar olarak dijitalleşme kavramı” ve “Eğlence ve keyif unsuru olarak dijitalleşme kavramı” temalarında, erkek öğretmen adayları oransal olarak kadın sosyal bilgiler öğretmen adaylarından daha fazla metaforik imge üretmişlerdir.
Çocuğu Tanıma ve Değerlendirme Sürecine İlişkin Öğretmen Adaylarının Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: GÜVEN Bülent , KIRAT Emel
Published: December 2023

Okul öncesi eğitim basamağında çocukların beceri kazanımını destekleyen öğretmenlerin tanıma ve değerlendirme süreçleri hakkındaki görüşleri, bu dönemde gelişim gösteren önemli aşamaları belirlemeye yardımcı olmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda öğretmenlik mesleğine hazırlanma aşamasında olan okul öncesi öğretmen adaylarının çocuğu tanıma ve değerlendirme sürecine ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi, araştırmanın temel amacını oluşturmaktadır. Temel amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma yöntemi ve durum çalışması deseninde tasarlanan araştırmada veri toplama süreci öğretmen adaylarına sunulan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya bir devlet üniversitesinin okul öncesi öğretmenliği lisans programında öğrenimini sürdüren 47 öğretmen adayı katılım göstermiştir. Elde edilen veriler, içerik analizi tekniği ile çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular incelendiğinde, çocuğu tanıma ve değerlendirme süreçlerinde standart testlere oranla test dışı tekniklerin kullanılabilirliği görüşü belirgin bir şekilde katılımcılarda öne çıkmıştır. Çocuğu tanımanın önemli bireysel farklılıklar ile değerlendirilerek bu sürecin ihtiyaç belirleme yönünde belirleyici bir temel oluşturduğu, çocukların kendilerini keşfetme ve tanımanın öncelikli amaç olduğu, çocuğu tanıma sürecinde başarıya ulaşmak için öğretmen niteliği ve gerçekleştirilecek etkin gözlemlerin önemi sıkça vurgulanmıştır.
Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Web 2.0 Araçlarının Kullanımına İlişkin Deneyimleri
Authors: YAĞAN Sevcan , YEŞİL Zeynep , ERTAŞ Özge Nur
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, sınıfında Web 2.0 aracı kullanan okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin sürece ilişkin deneyimlerini incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden temel nitel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme ve kar topu örnekleme yöntemleriyle belirlenmiştir. Araştırma, İstanbul ili Bahçelievler ilçesinde bulunan resmi ilkokullara bağlı ana sınıflarında okul öncesi öğretmeni olarak görev yapan ve sınıf içi etkinliklerde Web 2.0 araçlarını kullanan gönüllü 14 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında, yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniğiyle hazırlanan ve on sorudan oluşan görüşme formundan yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde betimsel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre; okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin sınıf içi etkinliklerde Web 2.0 araçlarının kullanımını önemli gördükleri ve bunları sıklıkla kullandıkları, Web 2.0 araçlarının öğrencilerin sınıf içi performanslarına olumlu yönde etki ettiği ancak okullarda teknolojik alt yapı yetersizlikleri olduğu sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır.
Çevrimiçi Forum Yazarlarının Bakış Açısından Türkiye de Müzik ve Müzik Eğitiminin Görünümü
Authors: SEVER Gülşah , ÖZOK Ezgi , AYAZ TÖRAL Dilara , SİVRİ ÖZKARADİĞİN Begüm
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırma çevrimiçi forum yazarlarının bakış açısından müzik ve müzik eğitiminin incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışmasıdır. Araştırmada veri kaynağı olarak çevrimiçi forum sitelerindeki forum yazıları temel alındığı için veri toplama yöntemi olarak doküman analizi kullanılmıştır. İçerik analizi sonucunda müzik, müzik eğitimi ve müzik dışı konular olmak üzere üç farklı tema ortaya çıkmıştır. Forum yazarlarının görüşleri müzik teması altında müzik yazılımları ve kaynak; müzik eğitimi teması altında sınav, eğitim tartışmaları, eğitim plan/program paylaşımı ve deneyim paylaşımı; müzik dışı konularda ise vefat haberleri ve özel gün kutlama başlıkları altında kategorize edilmiştir. Forum yazarlarının yoğunluklu olarak yazılım/nota/kitap/altyapı/ders planı paylaşımları ile müzik eğitim kurumlarının sınavlarına hazırlık amacıyla forumda etkileşime girdikleri belirlenmiştir.
Efektivitas Tanda Tangan Elektonik Pada Akta Yang Dibuat Oleh Notaris
Authors: Albaaits Aushof , Turisno Bambang Eko
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe electornic system is used to explain the existence of an information system which the application of information technology based on telecommunicaton network and electronic media. A digital signature is a.n. electronically generated signature that functions the same as a regular signature on paper documents. Sudikno Mertokusumo gives the definition of a certificate as evidence that is signed, which contains events that form the basis of a thing or an engagement, which was made from the beginning intentionally for proof. As a public office holder, a notary has the authority to inaugurate various certificate as long as it is not under the authority of other officials. The theory of this research is the triadism law theory which was initiaded by Gustav Radburch, which contains the principle of justice, and the principle of legal certainty. The theory of legal protection was initiated by Roscue Pound which says “the law is a social engineering tool and the writing method used is normative juridical. The results of this study are that digital signature have benefits are authenticity (guaranteed exstence), integrity (cannot be modified), non-repudiation (cannot be denied its existence), and confidentiality.Keyword: digital signature; certificate; notaryAbstrakSistem elektronik berfungsi untuk menerangkan posisi sistem informasi sebagai implementasi dari teknologi informasi menggunakan media elektronik dan jaringan telekomunikasi. Tanda tangan elektronik dilakukan secara elektronik yang memiliki fungsi yang sama dengan tanda tangan biasa. Sudikno Mertokusumo menjelaskan bahwa akta merupakan alat bukti yang disertai dengan tanda tangan, sebagai bukti bahwa telah terjadi perikatan. Dalam menjalankan profesinya, Notaris berhak untuk mengesahkan segala akta kecuali akta yang menjadi wewenang lembaga lain. Studi ini menggunakan Teori Triadism Law dari Gustav Radburch, yang di dalamnya memuat asas kemanfaatan hukum, keadilan, dan kepastian hukum. Selain itu juga teori dari Roscue Pound mengenai perlindungan hukum yang menerangkan bahwa hukum adalah media rekayasa sosial, dimana metode penelitiannya yaitu yuridis normatif. Hasil studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa tanda tangan elektronik berguna sebagai authenticity (terjaminnya keberadaannya), integrity (tidak dapat dimodifikasi), non-repudiation (tidak dapat disangkal keberadaannya), dan confidentiality (bersifat rahasia).Kata kunci: tanda tangan elektronik; akta; notaris
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pemegang Kartu Kredit Atas Tagihan Yang Tidak Benar
Authors: Denata Brigita Cynthia Liwandra , Putrijanti Aju
Published: December 2023

AbstractCredit card holder and credit card Issuer have a legal relationship that creates rights and obligations for the parties. Credit card Issuer commit an act that is contrary to the obigations that is regulated by Bank of Indonesia’s Regulations, which also violate the card holder’s rights that regulated in the Consumer Protection Act. The act of credit card Issuer when reviewed by the Civil Code can be categorized as an illegal action. By conducting normative juridical law research and conducting library studies, it can be concluded that the credit card Issuer have commited an illegal action, and as a legal protection to credit card holder can make legal remedies by making complaints to credit card Issuer. If there is no settlement agreement is reached, dispute resolution can be done outside the court or through the court.Keywords: legal protection; credit cardAbstrakPemegang kartu kredit dan penerbit kartu kredit mempunyai suatu hubungan hukum yang menimbulkan hak dan kewajiban. Penerbit kartu kredit melakukan perbuatan yang bertentangan dengan kewajibannya yang diatur dalam Peraturan Bank Indonesia, serta melanggar hak pemegang kartu kredit yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Perlindungan Konsumen. Perbuatan penerbit kartu kredit tersebut dapat dikategorikan sebagai suatu perbuatan melawan hukum apabila ditinjau dengan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Penelitian hukum ini dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif dengan melakukan studi kepustakaan, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerbit kartu kredit telah melakukan perbuatan melawan hukum dan sebagai perlindungan hukum, pemegang kartu kredit dapat melakukan upaya hukum seperti melakukan pengaduan kepada penerbit kartu kredit. Apabila dengan upaya tersebut tidak tercapai kesepakatan penyelesaian, dapat dilakukan penyelesaian sengketa di luar pengadilan maupun melalui pengadilan.Kata kunci: perlindungan hukum; kartu kredit
Perubahan Pengaturan Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas Pasca Disahkan UU Cipta Kerja
Authors: Pratama Dian Putri , Turisno Bambang Eko
Published: December 2023

AbstractGovernment has enacted Government Regulation No. 8 of 2021  as the implementation regulation of Job Creation Act that has brought several changes to Law No. 40 of 2007. PP No. 8/2021 amends several provisions in UU PT such as Authorized Capital, Registration of Establishment, Amendment, and Disbanding of One-Person Company that meet the criteria for Micro and Small Business (UMK). This research employs a normative-descriptive approach and aims to discuss the significant amendment of provisions in UU PT as stipulated in PP No. 8 /2021. The amendment of UU PT covers (i) the abolition of provision regarding minimum Authorized Capital, (ii) provision regarding “One-Person Company”, including technical regulation of Establishment, Amendment, and Disbanding of One-Person Company, and also the obligation to make and submit a financial report. Keywords : establishment of individual companies; uu create workAbstrakPemerintah saat ini telah mengesahkan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 8/Tahun 2021, guna menjadi peraturan pelaksana atas Regulasi Cipta Kerja yang telah mengubah Regulasi Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas No. 40/Tahun 2007. PP No. 8/2021 mengatur mengenai perubahan ketentuan dalam UUPT, antara lain: Modal Dasar, Pendaftaran Pendirian, Perubahan, dan Pembubaran Perseroan Perorangan dengan kriteria UMK (Usaha Mikro dan Kecil). Metode yuridis normatif-deskriptif akan digunakan dalam Penelitian ini fokus dan membahas perubahan yang cukup signifikan mengenai regulasi UU PT yang diatur dalam PP No. 8/2021. Poin signifikan yang diubah dalam UU PT. adalah aturan penghapusan ketentuan batasan minimum Modal Dasar UU PT; dan aturan baru perihal “Perseroan Perorangan”, termasuk aturan teknis mendirikan, mengubah, dan membubarkan Perseroan perorangan, serta keharusan membuat dan menyampaikan laporan keuangan.Kata kunci: pendirian perseroan perorangan; uu cipta kerja
Proses Pelepasan Hak Milik Dilanjutkan Permohonan Hak Guna Bangunan Di Kantor Badan Pertanahan Nasional
Authors: Apianta Reydiki , Sukirno Sukirno
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study, to find out "The process of releasing property in the application of rights to use building rights in the national lands agency office" to know that the removal of property rights is continued at the land office and the obstacles and the solution. Research methods approach sociological law. Data sources are acquired through several stages, including interviews and search of literature, data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and deduction withdrawal. Research shows that the owner gave property to the notary office in process, then registered it in the land office and then enrolled it in the land of the land office and the land became the land of the state, which then became the right by the name of the agency. The first problem was the absence of notice or information on this matter, and the second was that the land office could not solve the problem of disbursement of land rights because the company did not register the release. Land rights at the estate office. The solution the land office offers to solve the problem of the removal of land rights, it is important to see what is the main problem of disconnecting land rights.Keywords: property rights; building rights; landAbstrakPenelitian ini, untuk mengetahui Proses Pelepasan Hak Milik dilanjutkan. Permohonan Hak Guna Bangunan di Kantor Badan Pertanahan Nasional untuk mengetahui proses pelepasan hak milik dilanjutkan di Kantor Pertanahan serta kendala dan solusinya. Metode penelitian menggunakan  pendekatan hukum  sosiologis.  Sumber  data  diperoleh  melalui  beberapa  tahapan,  antara  lain  melalui  wawancara  dan  penelusuran  kepustakaan, analisis  data  meliputi  reduksi   data,  penyajian   data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prosesnya pemilik memberikan hak milik kepada kantor notaris, kemudian mendaftarkannya di kantor pertanahan dan kemudian mendaftarkannya di buku tanah kantor pertanahan dan tanah itu menjadi tanah negara, yang kemudian menjadi hak berdasarkan nama badan yang bersangkutan. Masalah pertama adalah tidak adanya pemberitahuan atau informasi tentang hal ini, dan yang kedua adalah bahwa kantor pertanahan tidak dapat menyelesaikan masalah penyerahan hak atas tanah karena pihak-pihak yang terlibat yaitu perusahaan tidak mendaftarkan pelepasan hak atas tanah tersebut pada kantor pertanahan. Solusi yang ditawarkan Kantor Pertanahan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan dalam proses pelepasan hak atas tanah, penting untuk melihat apa yang menjadi masalah utama dari pelepasan hak atas tanah.Kata kunci: hak milik; hak bangunan; tanah
Tanggung Jawab Notaris Terhadap Peralihan Protokol Notaris Yang Diserahkan Kepadanya
Authors: Ma'ruf Muhammad Afif , Handoko Widhi
Published: December 2023

AbstractA notary, a state-appointed public official sworn to execute legal duties, plays a crucial role in ensuring legal legitimacy within the field of law. The creation of an authentic notary deed involves the preservation of deed minutes as part of the notary protocol procedure, consisting of a deed copy and accompanying minutes. These minutes, integral to the notary protocol, are stored and maintained by the notary as they represent a significant state document. The storage of notary protocols is a distinct responsibility that mandates special care to prevent damage, thereby preserving the legal certainty of authentic deeds. This study endeavors to determine the extent of the notary recipient's responsibility for the entrusted protocol and their obligations under relevant laws and regulations. Employing a normative juridical approach, the research seeks to outline the notary's responsibilities concerning the notary protocol, both as a creator and as a recipient. The findings indicate that the notary bears responsibility for the notary protocol, irrespective of their role as the protocol recipient. The protocol recipient can be appointed directly by the concluding notary, the heirs of a deceased notary, or through direct appointment by the MPD, aligning with legal provisions.Keywords: notary; notary protocol; responsibilityAbstrakNotaris adalah merupakan pejabat publik yang ditunjuk dan disumpah oleh negara untuk mengemban jabatan sebagai pelaksana legalitas hukum di bidang hukum. Perihal pembuatan akta otentik notaris perlu menyimpan minuta akta sebagai prosedur protokol notaris, akta otentik terdiri atas Salinan akta dan minuta akta. Minuta akta disimpan dan di pelihara oleh notaris yang merupakan bagian dari protokol notaris yang harus dijaga karena merupakan dokumen negara. Penyimpanan protokol notaris adalah bentuk dari tanggung jawab notaris yang harus dilaksanakan notaris dengan penyimpanan yang khusus dan baik agar terhindar dari kerusakan dan tetap menjaga kepastian hukum dari akta otentik tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tanggung jawab notaris penerima protokol atas protokol yang diserahkan kepadanya dan berkewajiban secara hukum dan undang-undang yang berlaku. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa tanggung jawab notaris terhadap protokol notaris dan sebagai penerima protokol notaris. Notaris penerima protokol dapat ditunjuk langsung oleh notaris yang telah mengakhiri masa jabatannya atau kepada ahli waris notaris yang telah meninggal dunia atau dapat ditunjuk langsung oleh MPD.Kata kunci: notaris; protokol notaris; tanggung jawab
Pembinaan Dan Pengawasan Majelis Pengawas Daerah Notaris Sebelum Dan Setelah Berlakunya UUJN
Authors: Rizaldy Aldy Ferdinand , Santoso Budi
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe authority of a Notary, serving as a public official to meet citizens' needs for authentic evidence, undergoes oversight by the Notary Supervisory Council at regional and central levels. However, Constitutional Court Decision No.49/PUU-X/2012 has limited the Notary Regional Supervisory Council's oversight, eliminating its approval requirement in the investigative phase of legal proceedings. This study investigates the legal protection for notaries during investigations post the mentioned decision and analyzes the impact of Article 66 of Law Number 2 Year on the Notary Regional Supervisory Council's position within the legal framework. Using a normative juridical research method with primary data sources from legislation and secondary sources from literature studies, the qualitative data analysis reveals a lack of legal protection for the Notary Regional Supervisory Council after Constitutional Court Decision No. 49/PUU-X/2012. Consequently, the authority of the Notary Supervisory Council is restricted, preventing it from issuing recommendation letters for the investigative process.Keywords: notary; supervision; legal protection AbstrakMunculnya kewenangan Notaris sebagai pejabat umum didasari oleh adanya keperluan warga negara terkait alat bukti otentik. Pembinaan dan pengawasan Notaris dilakukan oleh Majelis Pengawas Notaris baik tingkat daerah hingga pusat. Semenjak adanya Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No.49/PUU-X/2012 maka Majelis Pengawas daerah Notaris wewenangnya hanya terbatas pada pengawasan saja, sehingga dalam proses peradilan dalam hal penyidikan tidak membutuhkan disetujui dari Majelis Pengawas Daerah Notaris. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah guna mengidentifikasi proteksi hukum untuk notaris atas pemeriksaan penyidikan yang dikerjakan oleh penyidik pasca munculnya putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 49/PUU-X/2012. Kemudian dalam riset akan melihat eksistensi Pasal 66 Undang- Undang Nomor 2 Tahun pasca adanya keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 49/PUU-X/2012 terhadap kedudukan Majelis Pengawas Daerah Notaris dilihat dari peraturan perundangan. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan ialah studi hukum Yuridis Normatif. Riset ini menggunakan sumber data primer yakni peraturan perundang-undangan dan sumber bahan sekunder. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Analisa data yang digunakan ialah Analisa data kualitatif. Hasil penelitiannya ialah tidak adanya proteksi hukum Majelis Pengawas Daerah Notaris bagi Pejabat Notaris pasca keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 49/PUU- X/2012. Hal ini membawa konsekuensi yuridis pada wewenang Majelis Pengawas Notaris yakni tidak berhak mengeluarkan surat rekomendasi lagi untuk proses penyidikan.Kata kunci: notaris; pengawasan; perlindungan hukum
Pelaksanaan Prinsip Business Judgment Rule (BJR) Oleh Direksi Pada PT. Tirta Amarta Bottling Company
Authors: Noer Muhammad Halil Gilbran , Handoko Widhi
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe laws and regulations divide the form of the company into two, namely legal entities and non-legal entities. Limited Liability Company as a company with legal entity is a capital alliance and was established based on agreement and the existence of a company organ. Board of Directors has the duties and functions to carry out the "management" of the company. This study examines responsibility and protection of the directors of PT. TAB in carrying out business decisions have a direct impact on the company. The research method used normative juridical with point of view the object of research being legal norms. The result of research is that board of directors as the company's organ is a legal subject who is directly the executor of the company's sustainability which is regulated by Law Number 40/2007. Business Judgment Rule is a doctrine of immunity for directors if something unexpected happens that has direct impact on the company. Article 97 paragraph 5 of Law Number 40/2007 explains that a director is exempt from responsibility have to prove that decision was not due to negligence/error of board of directors and was carried out in good faith and under accordance with objectives of the company.Keywords: company: business judgment rule: directorsAbstrakPeraturan perundang-undangan membagi bentuk perusahaan menjadi dua yaitu badan hukum dan non-badan hukum. Perseroan Terbatas sebagai perusahaan yang berbadan hukum merupakan sekumpulan modal dan dirikan melalui perjanjian serta adanya organ perseroan. Direksi merupakan salah satu struktural perseroan yang memiliki amanah dan fungsi untuk menjalankan “kepengurusan” perseroan. Penelitian ini menelisik terhadap tanggung jawab dan perlindungan terhadap direksi PT. Tirta Amarta Bottling (PT. TAB) dalam menjalankan keputusan bisnis yang berdampak langsung kepada perusahaan. Metode Penelitian yang diterapkan adalah yuridis normatif yang meneliti dari sudut pandang internal dengan objek penelitian adalah norma hukum. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah direksi sebagai organ perseroan merupakan subjek hukum yang secara langsung sebagai pelaksana dari keberlangsungan perusahaan yang diatur berdasarkan UUPT 40/2007. BJR merupakan doktrin imunitas bagi direksi apabila terjadi sesuatu diluar dugaan yang berdampak langsung kepada perusahaan. Pasal 97 ayat 5 UUPT 40/2007 menjelaskan bahwa seorang direksi bebas dari tanggung jawab ketika mampu membuktikan bahwa keputusan tersebut bukan karena kelalaian/kesalahan dari direksi beriringan itikad baik dan sesuai maksud dan/atau tujuan perseroan.Kata kunci: perusahaan, business judgment rule, direksi
Tanggung Jawab Penerima Kuasa Jual Tanah Atas Kelalaiannya
Authors: Hasan Winda Lestari , Santoso Budi
Published: December 2023

AbstractThe granting of power is an agreement that a person gives power to another person, to receive and carry out an affair. This research aims to specify and explain the responsibilities of someone who is given power in exercising their power. This study used a normative juridical approach, by analyzing qualitative descriptive data. The result revealed that the responsibility of the power of attorney consists of two aspects, namely aspect of freedom of contract and aspect of legislation that regulates the obligations of a power of attorney.Keywords: liability; authorization; negligence AbstrakPemberian kuasa ialah sebuah perjanjian dimana seseorang memberikan kuasa ke orang lain, guna menerima serta menjalankan suatu urusan. Penelitian berikut bertujuan guna mengidentifikasi serta menjelaskan bagaimana tanggung jawab dari seseorang yang diberikan kekuasaan dalam menjalankan kuasanya. Jenis penelitian berikut menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, dengan menganalisis data secara deskriptif kualitatif. Dari penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa tanggung jawab dari penerima kuasa mencakup dua aspek yakni aspek kebebasan berkontrak serta aspek perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang kewajiban-kewajiban seorang penerima kuasa.Kata kunci: tanggung jawab; pemberi kuasa; kelalaian
Relevansi Notaris Sebagai Pihak Pelapor Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang
Authors: Kismawardani Kartika , Cahyarini Luluk Lusiati
Published: December 2023

AbstractOne of the crimes that has developed over time is the crime of money laundry. There were more than 100 notaries who were reported by PPATK because they were dragged into the alleged money laundering case. This shows that the notary profession is often used by the perpetrators of money laundering, which can damage the image of the notary and harm them. The obligation to report suspicious financial transactions that could be an indication of money laundering and the confidential principle has long been a debate. Considering that the confidential principle can actually provide a safe place for the perpetrators of money laundering to secure their results. Juridical normative is the research method used by the author. The problem approach is the statutory approach and the concept approach. The results of the study are the involvement of a notary as the reporting party is expected to facilitate PPATK to prevent and eradicate money laundering. Regulatory function regarding to this matter also serves to provide legal protection to notaries. Prevention and eradication of money laundering cannot be carried out only by improving/renewing the law but also the formulation of law enforcement policies.Keywords: money laundry; notary; reporting partiesAbstrakSalah satu kejahatan yang turut terkembang seiring perkembangan jaman adalah tindak pidana pencucian uang (money laundry). Terdapat lebih dari 100 notaris yang turut dilaporkan oleh PPATK karena terseret kasus dugaan TPPU dalam pembuatan aktanya. Hal ini merupakan bukti bahwa profesi notaris sering dimanfaatkan oleh para pelaku TPPU, yang pada akhirnya dapat merusak citra notaris dan merugikan para notaris. Kewajiban melaporkan transaksi keuangan mencurigakan yang dapat menjadi suatu indikasi akan adanya TPPU dan kewajiban menjaga rahasia jabatan memang telah lama menjadi perdebatan. Mengingat kerahasiaan jabatan justru dapat memberikan celah dan tempat perlindungan bagi para pelaku TPPU untuk mengamankan hasil TPPU. Yuridis normative adalah metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis dan pendekatan masalah yang diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hasil penelitian yaitu dengan dilibatkannya notaris sebagai pihak pelapor diharapkan dapat mempermudah PPATK memberantas TPPU. Fungsi regulasi mengenai pelibatan notaris sebagai pihak pelapor berfungsi sebagai bentuk perlindungan hukum kepada notaris dalam menjalankan profesinya. Upaya pencegahan dan pemberantasan TPPU perlu dikaitkan dengan formulasi kebijakan penegakan hukumnya (law enforcement policy) karena apabila hanya dilakukan dengan membenahi atau menyempurnakan Undang-Undangnya (law reform) saja maka kurang optimal.Kata kunci: pencucian uang; notaris; pihak pelapor
Peran Kurator Dalam Pengawasan Going Concern Terhadap Perusahaan Pailit
Authors: Dewi Briliyenti Mustika , Handoko Widhi
Published: December 2023

AbstractBankruptcy is a legal event that is feared by the company. The filing of bankruptcy terms in accordance with Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations is considered very easy to implement. Not infrequently many companies go bankrupt because they are unable to fulfill their obligations to creditors. Companies that are declared bankrupt still have hope of being able to rise again by paying their debts to creditors by applying the going concern principle carried out by the Curator. The writing of this article uses a normative juridical method which has the meaning of legal research using a doctrinal approach based on an activity which can examine several existing aspects in order to solve the problem to be studied. The results of this paper are First, the curator encounters the problem of dualism of interest between creditors towards the asets of the bankrupt debtor, Second, the role of the curator according to the Bankruptcy Law is to run a going concern by optimizing debtor asets as much as possible in order to make payments to creditors fairly.Keywords: role; curator; going concern; bankruptcyAbstrakKepailitan merupakan suatu peristiwa hukum yang ditakuti oleh perusahaan. Pengajuan syarat pailit sesuai Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang dianggap sangat mudah dalam penerapannya. Tak jarang banyak perusahaan pailit karena tidak mampu memenuhi pembayaran kewajibannya kepada para kreditor. Perusahaan yang dinyatakan pailit ternyata masih mempunyai harapan untuk dapat bangkit Kembali dengan membayar utang-utangnya kepada kreditor dengan menerapkan prinsip going concern yang dilakukan oleh Kurator. Penulisan artikel ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif yang mempunyai makna penelitian hukum dengan menggunakan pendekatan doktrinal yang mendasarkan pada suatu kegiatan dimana dapat mengkaji beberapa aspek yang ada guna menyelesaikan masalah yang akan diteliti. Hasil daripada penulisan ini adalah Pertama, kurator menemui kendala adanya dualism kepentingan antar kreditor terhadap aset debitor pailit, Kedua peran kurator sesuai Undang-Undang Kepailitan adalah menjalankan going concern dengan mengoptimalkan aset debitor semaksimal mungkin guna melakukan pembayaran kepada para kreditor secara adil.Kata kunci: peran; kurator; going concern; pailit
Analisis Terhadap Pelanggaran Kode Etik Notaris Dalam Pembuatan Akta Jual Beli Saham
Authors: Safitri Nadia , Putrijanti Aju
Published: December 2023

AbstractThis study examines the analysis of violations of the notary code of ethics in making the deed. This research uses normative legal research and sociological (empirical) legal research. Normative legal research uses a statute approach. The research is descriptive analytical, namely to analyze, describe and explain the problems in each data meeting, both primary and secondary, then processed and analyzed to clarify the data. The results of this study indicate that the notary violates the Notary's code of ethics including articles 16 paragraphs 7 and 8 of the UUJN, namely the deed is not initialed by the appearers, buyers and sellers. This also violates the prohibition of notaries at the Extraordinary Congress of the Indonesian Notary Association Banten, 29-30 May 2015 which is not performing obligations and violating the prohibition as referred to in the code of ethics.Keywords: code ethic of notary; deed; sharesAbstrakStudi ini mengkaji mengenai analisis terhadap pelanggaran kode etik notaris dalam pembuatan akta. Studi ini yakni studi hukum normatif dan studi hukum sosiologis. Studi hukum normatif menerapkan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Studi ini bersifat deskriptif analitis yang tujuannya guna menganalisa dan mendeskripsikan temuan atau data yang diperoleh. Sember data diambil dari data primer dan sekunder. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa notaris melanggar kode etik Notaris yang meliputi Pasal 16 ayat 7 dan 8 UUJN, yakni akta tidak diparaf oleh penghadap, pembeli dan penjual. Selain itu juga melanggar aturan notaris yang ditetapkan di Kongres Luar Biasa Ikatan Notaris Indonesia Banten, yaitu tidak melaksanakan kewajiban dan melanggar larangan yang ditetapkan dalam kode etik.Kata kunci: kode etik notaris; akta; saham
Peran Notaris Dalam Perizinan Pendirian Usaha Laundry di Kecamatan Jebres Kota Surakarta
Authors: Hadibrata Natalia Ekawati , Handoko Widhi
Published: December 2023

AbstractLaundry is known as one of the rapidest growing businesses in Jebres District, Surakarta City. The presence of laundry makes it easy for people who live around such as residents, workers, especially students, because it can reduce the burden of homework they have without spending much energy and the price is affordable. As a business, laundry in its establishment requires a permit. The existence of permit is certainly associated to the role of Notary. The lack of knowledge that opening a business must have a permit, most of laundry in Jebres sub-district still not licensed. The analysis conducted during this thesis is an empirical study conducted from interviews with several experts in their fields and reference review. The conclusion obtained throughout this study is that the role of the Notary public in granting licensing for the concern of a business, which is a laundry business. In terms of the management of the business license, the laundry business owner has not been distributed properly bevause of lack of literacy of the law. Relating the licensing of the establishment of a laundry business, it’s hoped the notary can provide education such as counseling on laundry that does not carry out its obligations. Keywords: laundry; notary public; permission Abstrak Usaha laundry dapat dikatakan sebagai salah satu usaha yang berkembang pesat di Kecamatan Jebres Kota Surakarta. Kehadiran laundry memberikan kemudahan bagi masyarakat yang tinggal di sekitar seperti warga, mahasiswa, pekerja, terutama mahasiswa, karena dapat mengurangi beban pekerjaan rumah yang dimiliki tanpa menghabiskan banyak tenaga dan harganya dapat dijangkau bagi masyarakat. Laundry merupakan penyediaan jasa yang dilakukan terhadap proses pencucian pakaian. Laundry merupakan sebuah usaha, yang dalam pendiriannya membutuhkan izin. Adanya perizinan tentunya berkaitan dengan peran Notaris. Minimnya pengetahuan bahwa membuka usaha harus memiliki izin, maka banyak sekali laundry di kecamatan Jebres yang masih belum berizin. Dampaknya usaha tersebut tidak terlindungi secara hukum dan tidak sah. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini merupakan studi empiris yang dilakukan dari wawancara dengan beberapa ahli dalam bidangnya dan tinjauan pustaka. Kesimpulan yang didapat dalam penelitian ini adalah peran Notaris dalam pemberian perizinan berdirinya suatu usaha, yang merupakan usaha laundry. Dalam hal pengurusan izin usaha itu belum dilakukan dengan baik oleh pemilik usaha laundry karena kurang meleknya/kepahaman mengenai hukum, keengganan berurusan dengan hukum atau dapat dikatakan kurangnya kesadaran untuk membuat perizinan pendirian usaha laundry. Terkait dengan perizinan pendirian usaha laundry, diharapkan notaris dapat memberikan edukasi seperti penyuluhan terhadap laundry yang tidak melaksanakan kewajibannya.Kata kunci: laundry; notaris; perizinan
Analisis Yuridis Terhadap Keterlambatan Pemberitahuan Pengambilalihan Saham (Akuisisi) (Studi Putusan KPPU Nomor 31/Kppu-M/2020)
Authors: Huda Asrul , Santoso Budi
Published: December 2023

AbstractIn the case of KPPU's Decision Number 31/KPPU-M/2020, according to KPPU, there was a delay in notification of the takeover of PT Tanjung Kreasi Parquet Industry shares by PT Dharma Satya Nusantara, Tbk. This study aims to examine the regulation of the obligation to notify the takeover of shares in the perspective of business competition law and to analyze whether the KPPU's decision Number 31/KPPU-M/2020 is in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 5 of 1999 and PP No. 57 of 2010. The research method in this study is the method normative juridical. The results of this study indicate that there is an obligation to give written notification to KPPU on the acquisition of shares with the aset value and/or sales value exceeding a certain amount no later than 30 (thirty) days from the date of the takeover. The sanction for late notification of share acquisition by PT Dharma Satya Nusantara, Tbk has complied with the provisions of Law No. 5 of 1999 and PP No. 57 of 2010.Keywords: notification; acquisition; kppuAbstrakKasus Putusan KPPU Nomor 31/KPPU-M/2020, menurut KPPU terjadi keterlambatan pemberitahuan pengambilalihan saham PT. Tanjung Kreasi Parquet Industry oleh PT. Dharma Satya Nusantara, Tbk. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaturan kewajiban pemberitahuan pengambilalihan saham dalam perspektif hukum persaingan usaha dan menganalisis apakah putusan KPPU Nomor 31/KPPU-M/2020 telah sesuai dengan ketentuan UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 dan PP No. 57 Tahun 2010. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah metode yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian ini diketahui adanya“kewajiban pemberitahuan secara tertulis kepada KPPU atas pengambilalihan saham dengan nilai aset dan/atau nilai penjualannya melebihi jumlah tertentu paling lama 30 (tiga puluh) hari sejak tanggal pengambilalihan tersebut. Sanksi keterlambatan pemberitahuan akuisisi saham yang dilakukan oleh PT. Dharma Satya Nusantara, Tbk telah sesuai dengan ketentuan UU No. 5 Tahun 1999 dan PP No. 57 Tahun 2010.Kata kunci: notifikasi; akuisisi; kppu
Kajian Pengembangan Kawasan Wisata Berkelanjutan di Pantai Lon Malang Kabupaten Sampang, Madura
Authors: Suning Suning , Wahyuni Hasri , Ratnawati Rhenny
Published: December 2023

Meningkatnya jumlah pengunjung di Pantai Lon Malang akan menyebabkan kerusakan lingkungan jika daya dukung dan daya tampung lingkungan tidak diperhatikan mulai dari sekarang. Untuk mengurangi kerusakan lingkungan, \tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui karakteristik kawasan wisata, daya dukung dan daya tampung wisata dan arahan pengembangan kawasan wisata berkelanjutan di Pantai Lon Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif menggunakan teknik fotomapping dan presentase, perhitungan daya dukung dan daya tampung, dan Analythical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan wisata Pantai Lon Malang memiliki daya tarik wisata alam berupa pantai pasir putih yang membentang didukung dengan fasilitas dan aktivitas yang di tawarkan seperti berenang, banana boat, berkuda, ATV, permainan anak, camping, dan spot foto. Hasil perhitungan analisis daya dukung dan daya tampung menunjukkan  jumlah maksimum wisatawan yang dapat di tampung secara fisik atau luas wilayah sebesar 2308 pengunjung/hari, dan  daya tampung maksimum yang dapat mempengaruhi ruang atau riil kegiatan wisatawan sejumlah 344 pengunjung/ hari, serta  jumlah maksimum wisatawan yang dapat di tampung dengan mempertimbangkan kapasitas manajemennya atau daya dukung efektif sebanyak 227 pengunjung/hari, kondisi ini masuk dalam klasifikasi daya dukung besar yang artinya wisata Pantai Lon Malang saat ini masih dapat menampung wisatawan dengan segala aktivitas wisata yang dilakukan dengan memperhatikan kapasitas manajemennya, baik kondisi sosial ekonominya, lingkungan maupun budayanya. Arahan pengembangan wisata pantai Lon Malang agar berkelanjutan adalah dengan mempertahankan kondisi daya dukung dan daya tampung baik secara fisik, riil maupun daya dukung efektifnya. Implikasi kebijakan yang dapat dilakukan ke depan adalah kolaborasi antara pemerintah daerah dan pengelola pantai Lon Malang agar potensi eksisting dipertahankan dan kebersihan pantai dapat dilakukan secara periodik.
AJET in 2023: Reflections on educational technology, people, and bibliometrics
Authors: Corrin Linda , Thompson Kate , Lodge Jason M.
Published: December 2023

In this editorial we reflect on the last three years of AJET achievements, challenges, and opportunities as we reach a time of transition in the lead editorial team. We also reflect on the key themes of 2023, especially the impact that the growing availability of generative artificial intelligence has had on research and practice in the tertiary education sector. We present our annual round up of bibliometrics, thank our hardworking editorial team, and acknowledge the contributions of those who are ending their service with AJET in 2023. In conclusion, we look ahead by outlining our goals for 2024 and discussing the themes and technologies that will be a focus for AJET in the new year.
Military Vaccine Mandates: Thirty-Five Navy SEALs Believe Fighting for Religious Exemptions is A Shot Worth Taking
Authors: Greene Madeleine
Published: December 2023

Americans take great pride in their constitutional freedoms, especially the renowned First Amendment, which states that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.” (U.S. Const. amend. I) The free exercise of religion is safeguarded by the First Amendment’s Free Exercise Clause; yet, in the face of a public health crisis – how far does this protection extend? Moreover, does the Free Exercise Clause cover all Americans equally? In 2020, the Corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic began testing the limits of the First Amendment. President Joseph Biden and Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin mandated that all active and reserve military members take the newly developed COVID-19 vaccinations. Failing to comply would leave service members with no other option than to be dishonorably discharged from military service. This paper seeks to analyze the current case of thirty-five Navy SEALs who were denied religious exemptions from the COVID-19 vaccines, and examines the implications this has on First Amendment protections for military servicemembers.