bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Qu’attendre de la réalité virtuelle et augmentée pour les applications médicales
Authors: Masson Jean-Baptiste
Published: September 2024

Les technologies relatives à la réalité mixte (XR), bien qu’elles ne soient pas une innovation, connaissent un essor considérable en raison des avancées récentes en matière d’informatique, d’apprentissage automatique et de la réduction drastique du coût des dispositifs de visualisation. Ces progrès pavent la voie à une utilisation élargie dans le secteur médical et hospitalier. Cependant, à l’instar de toute technologie naissante, l’adoption de la réalité mixte dans le milieu médical doit surmonter de nombreux défis. Malgré ces entraves, les développements futurs en matière de vision par ordinateur appliquée à la médecine, les méthodes de rendu en réalité mixte et la réflexion sur le processus décisionnel médical sont appelés à métamorphoser ces technologies en atouts incontestables. Elles profiteront non seulement aux praticiens qui les mettront en œuvre, mais également aux patients qui jouiront d’un accompagnement médical optimisé. Dans ce texte, nous abordons tant les avancées récentes que les défis inhérents à l’exploitation médicale de ces technologies.
L’économie de la fonctionnalité des données qualifiées au cœur d’une croissance vertueuse
Authors: Vaileanu Ingrid , Paun Florin
Published: September 2024

L’intégration de la « valeur extra-financière » (Dessertine, 2023) est au cœur des évolutions de paradigme de valorisation pour une croissance vertueuse et éthique face aux crises multiformes (écologique, économique, de confiance), par l’accès aux données qualifiées ou qualifiables d’impact et d’opinion. L’exemple de l’outil numérique issu de l’innovation Deeptech Xvaluator relève de l’impact potentiel majeur de l’Intelligence Artificielle (IA) européen dans le monde des données et des stratégies nouvelles de valorisation de leurs valeurs financières et extra-financières. Pour contrer les crises, les modèles économiques de croissance post-fordiens, industriels, serviciels et financiers désignent comme « externalités ou valeurs extra-financières » le « capital social et environnemental » (Laperche, Uzunidis, 2012). Cela se traduit aujourd’hui par l’intégration ex ante des impacts perçus par une valeur augmentée centrale. Il est ainsi possible d’envisager une nouvelle croissance vertueuse capable d’être perçue collectivement au travers de nouveaux outils numériques « d’agilisation » des organisations et leurs processus « d’innovation ouverte » (Chesbrough et al ., 2008 ; Paun, 2018 ; Barbaroux, 2020 ; Adatto, 2018) issues de l’innovation Deep tech en France et en Europe.
Big Data et Open Data
Authors: Monino Jean-Louis
Published: September 2024

«  Big Data  » et «  Open Data  » constituent des gisements d’informations encore sous-exploités. La question associée à cet article considère quels éléments peuvent éclairer une meilleure intégration de leur potentiel. Par un travail d’analyses conceptuelles, seront montrées leurs aptitudes à transformer « business », gouvernement et société. Le Big Data donne le pouvoir d’analyser et changer le monde. L’ Open Data assure que ce pouvoir soit partagé et favorise des démarches d’innovation ouverte, suivant, d’une part des organisations détenant des données exploitables, d’autre part des entreprises créatives, dont startups et PME, fournisseuses de technologies innovantes, cela aboutissant à faire émerger des solutions radicalement nouvelles. Avec l’évolution de la démarche d’analyse, des modèles économiques basés sur les stratégies de monétisation sont donc à construire. En devenant le socle actif de nouveaux produits et services, le Big Data Analytics appelle une révision profonde des modèles économiques, désormais nécessairement orientés données.
Innovation collaborative à l’ère du Big et de l’ Open Data
Authors: Thiaw Cheikh Abdou Lahad
Published: September 2024

L’article propose une analyse prospective d’un phénomène nouveau, l’exploitation des données du Big et de l’ Open Data afin d’accéder à plus de connaissances clés pour irriguer l’innovation collaborative. À l’ère des datas, l’objectif est de proposer une articulation nouvelle de la co-innovation au sein des clusters , permettant aux acteurs engagés de profiter pleinement des opportunités d’innovation permises par les données. Les résultats de l’étude exploratoire autorisent la conceptualisation de modèles de clusters « nomades » (Thiaw, 2022), faisant référence à des espaces d’innovation translocaux , fondés sur la mutualisation de ressources et de connaissances au profit d’acteurs hétérogènes décidés à collaborer pour innover ensemble. L’originalité du modèle réside dans la non-nécessité de la proximité géographique des parties prenantes et la prise en compte des données dans les processus de co-innovation, pour s’adapter aux réalités de la nouvelle économie.
Des patients qui font mystère de leurs noms
Authors: Bourgeois Didier , Skulska Aneta , Faye-Albernhe Karine , Andrianasolo Patrick
Published: September 2024

Les patients qui font mystère de leurs noms, rendent dépositaire leur interlocuteur d’une énigme qui fait écho au concept de forclusion du Nom-du-Père. Ce mécanisme dévoile tout un questionnement qui a à voir, pour une part, avec le champ des névroses (hystérie) mais aussi avec le fondement même de certaines psychoses dites imaginatives. La dialectique nécessaire à la construction d’une identité/individuation se fait ainsi entre origine et filiation et parait analogue, dans cette acceptation aux errements mystifiants entre positions psychotiques et névrotiques que les patients qui font mystère de leurs noms nous restituent.
La justice allemande face à la spécialisation et l’internationalisation : au sujet de la loi allemande introduisant des commercial courts
Authors: Dewitte Nicolas
Published: September 2024

L’article présente le contenu d’une loi allemande qui réforme le Code de procédure civile et qui vise à augmenter l’attractivité de l’Allemagne comme place judiciaire en instaurant des chambres commerciales internationales spécialisées. Elle s’inscrit dans un développement d’internationalisation et de spécialisation du droit privé et de la justice étatique. Les nouvelles Commercial Courts de type allemand sont comparées aux chambres commerciales internationales de Paris (CCIP) en proposant des réflexions critiques à cet égard. L’article met notamment en avant les innovations principales qui ne résident pas seulement dans l’usage de la langue anglaise comme langue du procès, mais également dans le cadre processuel. Cette forme de justice étatique est dans un rapport de complémentarité avec l’arbitrage, ce qui est bien illustré par la jurisprudence de la CCIP de la Cour d’appel.
Chansons mexicaines, poésie européenne
Authors: Watier Louis
Published: September 2024

Recueillie par les missionnaires espagnols au xvi e siècle à partir de témoignages oraux, la poésie précolombienne en langue nahuatl semble autant la survivance d’une tradition précolombienne qu’une invention missiologique. Tout au long des xviii e et xix e siècles, on en avait un aperçu encore plus restreint : les quelques poèmes connus du public, bien qu’ils fussent attribués à des monarques aztèques, relèvent davantage d’une tradition littéraire occidentale faisant la part belle à une veine épicurienne. Marquée par des forgeries exotiques ou diverses manipulations idéologiques, la réception de la poésie nahuatl classique illustre ainsi certaines des ambivalences de la notion de littérature extra-européenne.
Europe, Asie ou… Afrique ? Pouchkine poète national, ou la généalogie rêvée de la littérature russe
Authors: Gauthier Cécile
Published: September 2024

L’étude du cas de Pouchkine, poète national aux lointaines racines africaines, illustre la place singulière de la littérature russe au xix e siècle, envisagée comme à la fois européenne et extra-européenne. Cet article, prenant appui sur un certain nombre de discours littéraires ou paratextuels (critiques et académiques), présente diverses modalités du traitement de cette donnée biographique : si son intégration a été sujette à oscillations dans l’histoire littéraire russe, elle a pu, d’un point de vue exogène, venir paradoxalement confirmer l’identité exemplairement russe du poète, rendant visible le processus de racialisation des Slaves. Quant à Pouchkine, cet aïeul rêvé lui aurait permis, dans un dépassement d’une polarité caricaturale, d’inventer un mythe personnel, combinant exotisme et autochtonie.
L’éducation thérapeutique du patient, une intervention de promotion de la santé
Authors: Rusch Emmanuel , Albouy Marion , Aubry Jean-Denis , Margat Aurore , Gagnayre Rémi
Published: September 2024

L’éducation thérapeutique du patient (ETP) a évolué, passant d’une approche biomédicale à une approche biopsychosociale, et est aujourd’hui au cœur des stratégies de la charte de promotion de la santé d’Ottawa : développement des aptitudes individuelles des personnes dans une visée de bien-être « capabiliste », création de milieux favorables de soutien par le biais de l’expérience de soins, renforcement de la démarche communautaire par le biais du partenariat patient et réorientation des services de santé vers les pratiques cliniques préventives et la responsabilité populationnelle. L’implémentation de l’ETP promotrice de santé appelle au continuum des éducations en santé et au rassemblement de tous les acteurs de la promotion de la santé.
Les déterminants de décès maternel en milieu hospitalier à Madagascar
Authors: Rafamantanantsoa Sambatra , Bemanana Hery Sylvestre , Razanabao Tsirava Elissa , Felanarivo Razafindraibe Andriatompoina , Solofomanana Rakotondrafarasata Rodin , Fenomanana Sonia Maminirina
Published: September 2024

À Madagascar, les décès maternels demeurent un problème majeur en santé publique. L’objectif de cette étude est d’examiner les facteurs explicatifs de la mortalité maternelle intra-hospitalière à Tuléar. Méthodes : Une étude cas-témoins a été menée sur une période de quatre ans. Les données ont été recueillies à partir des dossiers obstétricaux et une analyse par régression logistique a été réalisée pour évaluer les déterminants du décès maternel. Résultats : Quatre facteurs de risque de décès ont été identifiés : le pronostic vital maternel engagé (OR = 5,4 [IC95 % = 2,0-15,9]), l’accouchement par césarienne (OR = 2,6 [IC95 % = 1,2-5,5]), ainsi que la présence d’un trouble hypertensif (OR = 4,0 [IC95 % = 1,3-13,5]) et d’une hémorragie (OR = 3,3 [IC95 % = 0,9-12,7]) associés à la grossesse. Le fait d’avoir suivi des consultations prénatales (OR = 0,1 [IC95 % = 0,0-0,2]) était le seul facteur protecteur identifié. Discussion : Ces résultats soulignent l’importance d’une prise en charge précoce et efficace des complications obstétricales dès l’admission à l’hôpital. Ils mettent également en évidence le rôle crucial des soins anténatals dans la réduction du risque de décès maternel. En outre, des mesures préventives et une gestion adéquate des césariennes peuvent contribuer à améliorer l’état de santé des mères. Conclusions : Cette étude met en lumière les principaux facteurs associés à la mortalité maternelle à Tuléar, à Madagascar, et souligne l’importance des stratégies de prévention et des interventions ciblées pour réduire ce fardeau de santé publique.
The security analysis of the key exchange protocol based on the matrix power function defined over a family of non-commuting groups
Authors: Mihalkovich Aleksejus , Zitkevicius Jokubas , Sakalauskas Eligijus
Published: September 2024

In this paper, we revisited the previously proposed key exchange protocol based on the matrix power function. We prove that the entries of the public key matrices of both parties of the protocol are uniform. Using this result we defined a security game for our protocol and show that the malicious attacker cannot gain any significant advantage in winning this game by applying faithful representation or the linearization approaches. Moreover, we showed that the shared key is computationally indistinguishable from the imitation key if the security parameters are properly chosen.
Hello Trans Tech
Authors: Yu Haoyue
Published: September 2024

This case study examines the evolution and strategic initiatives of Hello Trans Tech, a pioneering force in China's shared mobility sector. Founded in 2016 amidst the boom of bike-sharing, Hello Trans Tech quickly emerged as a leader by leveraging innovative technologies and sustainable transportation solutions. The journey from its inception, navigating through phases of market expansion, technological adaptation, and diversification into electric vehicles and intelligent mobility systems. Key aspects include strategic partnerships with Alibaba and Contemporary Amperex Technology, its transition from bike-sharing to a comprehensive mobility platform, and its expansion into Singapore. The study also highlights the leadership of founders Yang Lei and Kaizhu Li, their vision for sustainable urban mobility, and Hello's pioneering efforts in AI-driven optimization and carbon-neutral initiatives. Through this exploration, readers gain insights into how Hello Trans Tech has reshaped urban transportation and positioned itself at the forefront of China's shared economy revolution.
Weilong
Authors: Yang Zihui
Published: September 2024

This case study explores the rise of Weilong, a leading player in China's spicy snack market, examining its transformation from a regional brand to a national and international powerhouse. Led by CEO Liu Weiping and CFO Peng Hongzhi, Weilong strategically navigated challenges like intense market competition and low brand loyalty through innovative branding, extensive market expansion, and effective cultural promotion. The case details Weilong's journey from localized marketing strategies in Henan province to national prominence, leveraging digital platforms and cultural resonance to engage a youthful consumer base. It highlights key strategies such as product innovation, diversified marketing campaigns, and CSR initiatives, showcasing how Weilong capitalized on China's spicy snack craze while promoting traditional Chinese culture globally. Through meticulous market positioning and operational optimization, Weilong exemplifies effective growth strategies in the dynamic Chinese consumer goods sector.
Beisen
Authors: Yuan Liu
Published: September 2024

This case study examines Beisen Holdings Limited's evolution as a pioneer in China's Human Capital Management (HCM) industry. Beginning with its inception in 2002, Beisen strategically embraced cloud computing and advanced AI technologies to offer integrated HCM solutions. The study traces Beisen's transition from software as a service (SaaS) to platform as a service (PaaS), culminating in the development of iTalent X—a comprehensive HCM platform. Key innovations include AI-driven recruitment, talent management, and performance analytics tools, which have reshaped HR practices for over 6,000 enterprises, including 70% of the Fortune 500 in China. Through detailed analysis of market dynamics, technological advancements, and socio-economic effects like the pandemic and demographic shifts, the case underscores Beisen's leadership and its transformative impact on the HCM landscape.
Mafengwo
Authors: Jiang Zhuoxi
Published: September 2024

This case study explores the transformative journey of Mafengwo, a leading travel platform in China, from 2015 to the present. It examines Mafengwo's strategic shift from a community-based model to a comprehensive travel service platform, focusing on its commercialization efforts and expansion into transaction-based revenue streams. The narrative highlights the visionary leadership of co-founders Chen Gang and Lv Gang, who leveraged extensive data research and strategic foresight to position Mafengwo as a global travel consumer guide. The case delves into the company's innovative use of the Youyun SaaS system to enhance productivity and flexibility for travel agencies and its efforts to capitalize on the “new golden decade of freedom” in tourism. It outlines Mafengwo's launch of “new tourism methods” and its comprehensive community upgrade to meet personalized travel demands. The case concludes with an overview of Mafengwo's plans to integrate AI travel tools, underscoring the company's commitment to leveraging big data for personalized scaling in the tourism industry.
Zhuan Zhuan
Authors: Zuo Pan
Published: September 2024

This case study examines Zhuan Zhuan, a prominent second-hand e-commerce platform in China, focusing on its development, sustainability initiatives, strategic partnerships, and prospects. Founded under the leadership of Yao Jinbo from 58 Group, Zhuan Zhuan has strategically positioned itself in the circular economy by facilitating the trade of idle goods to reduce carbon emissions and promote sustainable consumption. Rigorous quality control measures, extensive user engagement via Tencent's WeChat, and partnerships enhancing logistical and financial capabilities underscored the platform's success. Zhuan Zhuan's plans include deeper integration with Tencent for user acquisition and trust-building, expanding product categories to include larger appliances, and leveraging its parent company's ecosystem to streamline operations and foster environmental stewardship. This case highlights Zhuan Zhuan's role in sustainable commerce and its trajectory towards broader societal and environmental impact in the e-commerce landscape.
Higher Education Institution Sustainability
Authors: Singh Amrik , Sihmar Pankaj
Published: September 2024

The fast-changing landscape of organizations is driving a move toward environmental performance. Higher education now prioritizes sustainability. In the contemporary world, where sustainability in higher education is at the forefront, the ever-changing business ecosystem nurtures a new drift toward economic, environmental, and social performance. There is an increasing force to pay a correct reaction to environmental issues, and executing sustainable business practices such as green human resource management (HRM) practices provides a win-win situation for the organization and its stakeholders. It is an amalgamation of environmental management with Human Resource Management. Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices can enable a University to implement an EMS system quickly. This study aims to investigate green human resource management practices in higher education institutions and future implications.
Green Culture Pro-Environmental Behaviors and Organizational Environmental Sustainability on Green Human Resources Management and Green Transformation
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez José G. , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: September 2024

This study examines how green culture, pro-environmental behaviors, and organizational sustainability affect green human resources and green transformational leadership. The study assumes that the shared values of green culture within organizations lead to pro-environmental behaviors, which then influence organizational actions and interpretations. These factors define appropriate behavior in green human resource management and guide transformational leadership for organizational change towards adopting a green organizational culture. The method used in this study involves analytical, descriptive, and reflective techniques based on theoretical and empirical literature review. The study concludes that sustaining a green organizational culture and promoting pro-environmental behaviors in sustainable organizations require the support of green human resource management and green transformational leadership.
Education in the Era of Generative AI
Authors: Agarwal Suvidha , Sivaraman Preeta Rajiv
Published: September 2024

Gen artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing the higher education sector by employing deep learning models to generate information that closely mimics human content. However, its introduction into educational settings raises questions about factors like academic integrity, moral ethics and potential impacts on critical thinking skills. The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) may seem to be a reason for concern which has led to swift prohibitions by organizations and educational agencies. The chapter proposes to put in detail the benefits of using Generative AI by the stakeholders of the education sector, along with the ethics and values to be taken care of and thereby avoiding the reasons to negate the usage of the AI. This chapter will cover the use of Generative AI in different educational settings, the tools and methods employed, the efficiency of GAI in enhancing teaching and learning, the influence on student outcomes, and the possible drawbacks and moral dilemmas related to its application.
Ethical Leadership in the Age of AI
Authors: Kumar Sunil
Published: September 2024

This chapter examines leaders' perspectives on the ethical use of AI, drawing insights from 17 respondents across various industries. Six open-ended questions were crafted to explore ethical AI usage, with responses analyzed through sentiment and topic analysis. Most leaders expressed positive views on the ethical dimensions of AI and leadership. Findings highlighted the significance of ethical and moral principles in ensuring data privacy and security within AI-augmented systems. Organizational management is actively developing strategies to address the risks and challenges posed by AI. The study identified five key themes: the need for AI systems to be human-centric, the importance of training and development, ethical AI development, data privacy, and the integration of AI into organizational mainframes. Overall, the research underscores the necessity for leaders to cultivate a responsible approach to AI usage.
Ethical Use of AI in Criminal Justice System
Authors: Ganesan Aravind
Published: September 2024

This chapter explores the utilization of generative AI in the criminal justice system, emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of its applications in risk assessment, evidence analysis, and predictive policing. The chapter focuses on technical challenges such as data bias, algorithm transparency, and the accuracy of AI predictions, all of which can have a significant impact on the fairness and reliability of legal decisions. The preservation of systemic biases, privacy concerns, and striking a balance between personal freedoms and public safety are among the other ethical problems covered. Proposed remedies encompass the adoption of moral protocols, ongoing evaluation and scrutiny of artificial intelligence systems, heightened clarity, and the encouragement of cooperation across many fields. To guarantee that AI in criminal justice enhances fairness and justice, the chapter promotes ongoing, inclusive discussions on its application. It underlines the technology's ability to improve the system while also highlighting the significance of mitigating its hazards.
Responsible AI Implementation in the Hospitality Sector
Authors: Sharma Milan , Singh Amrik , Rohit
Published: September 2024

The hotel sector is leading the charge to harness the power of artificial intelligence (AI), virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality to improve client experiences and streamline operations. The moral weight of artificial intelligence (AI) in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) for the hotel industry is the subject of this study. The effects of artificial intelligence and automation on hotel employees, as well as the significance of honest and ethical data collecting, are discussed in the study. This study adds to the continuing conversation on ethical AI deployment in the hospitality industry by doing a thorough examination of the technological obstacles presented by AI in virtual reality and augmented reality.
Arabic Clustering Through Advanced Stemming and WordNet-Based Extraction for Water Cycle Cluster
Authors: Alsekait Deema Mohammed , Atwan Jaffar , Bsoul Qusay , Alzoubi Sharaf , Fathi Hanaa , Jawarneh Malik , Saber Abeer , AbdElminaam Diaa Salama
Published: September 2024

Natural language processing represents human language in computational technique, which is to achieve the extraction of important words. The verbs and nouns found in the Arabic language are significantly pertinent in the process of differentiating each class label available for the purpose of machine learning, specifically in 'Arabic Clustering'. This paper implemented the extraction of verbs and nouns sourced from the Qur'an and text clustering for further evaluation by using two datasets. The limitations of conventional clusters were identified, such as k-means clustering on the initial centroids. Therefore, the current work incorporated a novel clustering optimisation technique known as the water cycle algorithm; when combined with k-means, the algorithm would select the optimal initial centroids. Consequently, the experiments revealed the proposed extraction technique to outperform other extraction methods when using an actual Qur'an dataset.
Investigating Organizational Culture and Employee Engagement in a Saudi Arabian Medical Center
Authors: Ghabban Marwan
Published: September 2024

This research examines the significance of organizational culture (OC) among the staff of medical centers which are at the forefront of healthcare deliveries. It illustrates the extent to which there is a prevalence of understandable culture among the staff and demonstrates the strength of whether the subculture mirrors the dominant culture among medical and non-medical staff. To perform this analysis the sample categorized into two groups to know the strengths of association and difference between the responses of each group. It found that there is a hierarchical culture that mirrors the dominant culture the of center whereas there is no subculture which makes the employees less innovative due to their work nature. The study suggests that medical centers need to approach employee engagement in making decisions about the cultures or subcultures in an organization which will affect the employee's productivity positively.
Evaluation of the Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Mortars Based on Dredged Sludge
Authors: Mohamed Salhi , Amar Benyahia , Li Alex , Boubekeur Toufik , Ashour Ashraf , Said Choucha
Published: September 2024

River-carried solids, especially during floods, lead to dam sedimentation. Dredging extends dam life, but excess unusable sediment storage threatens the environment. The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of the recovery of calcined mud from Chorfa dam on the physico-mechanical and chemical characteristics of mortars fiber bundles. The sludge is used as a partial substitute for cement by volume at rates of 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. All test specimens had water / binder (W/B) ratio and steel fibers ratio. Testing programme included measuring the fluidity, ultrasonic pulse velocity test, dynamic modulus of elasticity, flexural and compressive strengths. Compared to the control mortar, the fluidity represented by the diameter of M0, M15 and M25 mixtures decreased by approximately 11%, 14% and 22%, respectively. The compressive strength of M15 increased by 17.4% at 28 days, compared with the control specimen. At 7 days, the ultrasonic speed of the M25 mixture decreases by 1.7% compared to that of M15. The dynamic modulus of elasticity of M20 and M25 increases by 13% and 12% as the age ranges from 2 to 28 days. At 28 days, the flexural strength of the M20 blends increased by approximately 64%.
Comprehensive Study on Mechanical and Transport Properties of Roller-Compacted Concrete Incorporating Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Boussetta Ines , El Euch Khay Saloua , Neji Jamel
Published: September 2024

This study assesses the feasibility and effects of incorporating reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) into roller-compacted concrete (RCC) for pavement applications. Six RCC mixtures, incorporating varying RAP fractions (0% to 100% as volumetric substitutions of natural aggregates), were formulated and evaluated for their fresh, mechanical, and transport properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was conducted on the RCC mixture containing 100% RAP. The results indicated a decrease in overall mechanical properties as RAP content increased, with 28-day compressive and split tensile strengths declining by 70% and 40%, respectively, in the case of full replacement. This decline in mechanical performance was accompanied by heightened porosity and sorptivity. Nevertheless, RCC mixtures with up to 60% RAP met pavement construction specifications. SEM micrographs revealed significant pore concentration, especially in the interfacial transition zone between RAP aggregates and the cementitious matrix, indicating poor adhesion between these RCC phases. Furthermore, empirical correlations were established to illustrate the influence of RAP content and increased porosity on RCC's mechanical properties and sorptivity. These correlations allow engineers to predict the characteristics of RCC for any RAP rate and provide insights into the impact of substituting natural aggregates with RAP on porosity and, consequently, RCC's hardened-state characteristics.
The Impact of Organizational Factors and Environmental Factors on the Adoption of Computer Assisted Audit Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) by SME in Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijerathna J. M. K. G. T. G.
Published: September 2024

The study investigates the low adoption of Computer-Assisted Audit Tools and Techniques (CAATTs) in developing countries, focusing on environmental and organizational factors that influence technology adoption in firms, particularly small audit firms in Sri Lanka. Key variables identified include Clients’ AIS complexity firm size as organizational factors and, perceived support from professional accounting bodies firm size, and top management commitment as environmental factors to CAATT adoption. The objective is to assess the impact of organizational and environmental factors on CAAT adoption by SME in Sri Lanka. The population comprises 71,126 small audit firms listed as Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) as of December 31, 2021, according to the Accounting Auditing Standards Monitoring Board in Sri Lanka. A sample size of 40 small audit firms was selected from this population. Data collection involved distributing questionnaires among auditors, with analysis conducted using the SPSS version 23. Correlation analysis reveals a positive correlation between all variables and CAATT adoption, while regression analysis demonstrates the impact of AIS complexity, perceived support from professional accounting bodies has a high impact on CAAT adoption by SME. The findings suggest that organizational factors such as AIS complexity and Perceived Support from professionals play a significant role in CAATT adoption among small audit firms. In conclusion, the study highlights the importance of considering organizational factors, such as in promoting CAATT adoption. These findings provide valuable insights for enhancing audit productivity and reducing costs in developing countries like Sri Lanka.
Explicit Uncertainty Quantification for Probabilistic Assessment of Rotorcraft Handling Qualities
Authors: Saetti Umberto , Rogers Jonathan
Published: September 2024

Early-stage vehicle design processes are typically subject to significant uncertainty in aerodynamic loads and control responses. In many cases, it may be necessary to consider this uncertainty in preliminary evaluations of stability, handling qualities, and performance metrics. This
article introduces a novel methodology for computing these quantities in a probabilistic framework using the Koopman operator. The algorithm discretizes the uncertainty space and uses relevant transformations or simulations to map each point to the handling qualities evaluation domain, resulting
in a stability, handling quality, and/or performance assessment for each discretized point. The expected value of the stability, handling quality, and/or performance requirement is then computed via quadrature integration, yielding a probabilistic assessment with respect to relevant
specifications. The methodology is demonstrated through two examples involving a quadrotor unmanned aerial system and a generic utility helicopter. In the first example, the methodology is applied to evaluate the handling qualities of a quadrotor, for which a multiloop dynamic inversion controller
is developed. In the second example, the method is used to quantify the impact of parametric uncertainty in a pilot model on specific pilot???vehicle system performance specifications and to predict vehicle handling qualities. The proposed explicit uncertainty quantification approach is shown
to provide a convenient framework for the propagation of parametric uncertainty to stability, handling quality, and performance specifications with unique advantages over Monte Carlo techniques.
Organisational justice and deviance in academia: Is there a moderating effect of personality?
Authors: Obalade Grace O. , Mtembu Vuyokazi , Maharaj Ashika
Published: September 2024

Orientation: Social exchange theory (SET) posits that employees reciprocate injustice with workplace deviance. However, studies reveal this may not always be the case because of the differences in employees’ personality traits.Research purpose: To examine the moderating role of Honesty-Humility, Emotionality and Agreeableness (H-HEA) of the HEXACO personality domain on the relationship between organisational justice (OJ) and workplace deviance among employees of selected public universities in South-West Nigeria.Motivation for the study: It becomes imperative to study workplace deviance behaviour (WDB) because of its costs and prevalence in the organisation. Hence, this study integrates the situational and individual antecedents of workplace deviance, using the HEXACO personality domain to moderate the relationship between OJ and personality.Research approach/design and method: The study adopted a quantitative approach; a survey was conducted among 572 employees of three public universities in Nigeria. Data collected were analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling.Main findings: The findings revealed that WDB reduces with OJ and increases with injustice. Essentially, the moderating effect of E-HEXACO selected by the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is found to be insignificant.Practical/managerial implications: The study recommends that university management and government alike should ensure justice in the public universities as this helps to reduce WDB.Contribution/value-add: This study proposes that employees’ personality traits will determine whether they will reciprocate feelings of injustice with deviant behaviour. This study has contributed to the literature by examining the HEXACO personality traits, which are scarcely being examined in Nigerian literature.
Scaling-up Telemedicine: Challenges and Opportunities Seen in ASEAN
Authors: Uy Kathleen Nicole , Co Faith Abigail , Bagon Apol Clarissa
Published: September 2024

In six ASEAN countries, over 50% of the population resides in rural and remote areas with limited access to health-care facilities and skilled personnel, exacerbated by the emigration of health-care workers. Digital health initiatives, particularly telemedicine, offer a promising solution to enhance health-care access, quality, and affordability in low- and middle-income countries. However, significant challenges hinder widespread telemedicine adoption. Implementation science provides a framework for understanding and addressing these challenges, emphasizing the translation of evidence-based interventions into the real-world practice. To effectively scale-up telemedicine, several recommendations are proposed. First, attention to technical factors such as simplicity and interoperability is crucial, along with the early engagement of government and nonstate actors to ensure alignment with existing systems. Second, strong leadership and political will are essential for garnering decision-maker buy-in and promoting sustainability. Finally, the active involvement of local leaders, stakeholders, and communities is indispensable for successful implementation and user acceptance.
Clinico-epidemiologic Profile of Premature Infants Screened for and Diagnosed with Retinopathy of Prematurity at a Tertiary Government Hospital in Northeastern Luzon, Philippines
Authors: Tan Roland Joseph Dugay
Published: September 2024

Aim:

This study aims to determine clinical profiles and outcomes of premature infants screened with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at a hospital in Isabela in 2023.

Materials and Methods:

Analytical study of premature infants screened for ROP at the Department of Ophthalmology of a Tertiary Government Hospital in Northeastern Luzon, Philippines, in 2023.

Results:

Proportions of infants with any ROP and severe ROP were high (44% and 31%, respectively). More than half were lost to follow-up before retinal maturity which can further increase the number of infants with any and severe ROP in this study. The odds of developing any ROP were 26 × higher when an infant was <32 weeks old and weighing <1500 g compared to those referred for unstable clinical course only. The 57 infants with any ROP had a younger age of gestation (AOG) (P < 0.001) and lower birth weight (P < 0.001) compared to those without. AOG of infants with improvement and deterioration in the clinical course were significantly different (P < 0.03). The 2013 guidelines had the least number missed before its recommended initial examination of infants diagnosed with any ROP (2.5%), including no type 1 ROP.

Discussion:

This is the first clinico-epidemiologic study on ROP done outside National Capital Region and postpandemic. High proportions of ROP and severe ROP can be due to the inclusion of high-risk infants born outside but referred to the hospital. The higher odds of developing any ROP in those with combined risk factors highlight the need for more public health efforts to decrease premature birth and birth of low birth weight infants.
Pregnancy Outcome Among Grand Multiparous Women at Delta State University, Oghara, Nigeria
Authors: Ukah Christian E. , Okhionkpamwonyi Osamudia , Okoacha Innocent , Okonta Patrick I.
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:

Grand multiparity presents a significant challenge to the obstetrician, especially in developing countries, including Nigeria.

Objective:

To determine the incidence and complications associated with grand multiparity at the Delta State University Teaching Hospital (DELSUTH), Oghara, Delta State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective descriptive study of grand multiparous women in DELSUTH between July 1, 2014, and June 30, 2023. Data retrieved from the hospital records and case files were analyzed.

Results:

The results revealed that during the period under review, the incidence of grand multiparity was 7.8% (146 grand multiparous women in 1874 deliveries). The majority (79.1%, n = 106) were para 5 and 6 (mean age: 37 ± 4.2 years). They were mostly farmers (49.3%) and housewives (17.9%) with a primary level of education (41.8%). Fifty-one percent (51.5%) were booked. Anemia (30.6%) and hypertensive disorders (12.7%) were the most common complications in the antenatal period, whereas hypertensive disorders (14.2%) were the most common complications seen during labor. The majority (61.9%) of the women had vaginal delivery. There was one case of maternal mortality (0.7%). The majority of the babies were of normal birth weight (57.3%, n = 82). One hundred and thirty-one of the babies (91.6%) were live births, whereas 8.4% (n = 12) suffered perinatal death.

Conclusion:

This study concludes that grand multiparity contributes to maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Oghara, Nigeria.
Personalized Nutrition for Obesity Management: A Mini-Review
Authors: Okafor Michael T.
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Obesity is a pro-inflammatory state and a chronic health condition, which falls within the spectrum of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs). It is caused mainly by the consumption of excess calories and egregious food substances. A Personalized Food Avoidance Dietary Approach for Management of IMIDs (PFA-DAMI) addresses primary and secondary immune intolerances of different individuals to dietary constituents. Exposure to toxic food substances is responsible for inflammatory immune dysfunction that mediates obesity. Hence, a PFA-DAMI is promising for the management of obesity. T cell dysfunction disease mediating models describing inflammatory disease processes underlying IMIDs exist. However, they do not highlight inflammatory processes underlying the diseases concerning toxin-mediated epigenetic T cell dysfunction. Online searches were conducted on databases, such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Biomed Central, and SciELO. Articles were reviewed using keywords, such as obesity, personalized nutrition, immune optimization/dysfunction, T lymphocyte activation/dysfunction, cytokines, and adipokines. There is a putative T cell toxin-mediated dysfunction disease model for IMIDs, which may apply to other diseases. The putative disease model may highlight the actual inflammatory immune dysfunctional processes underlying T cell disease mediation in inflammatory diseases, which may be validated by multiomic studies. Validation of the putative disease model using obesity as an example should pave the way for a better understanding of the role of personalized nutrition in obesity management.
Atrial Myxoma – A Rare Cause of Heart Failure
Authors: Adeoye Oluwole G. , Adefila Rafiu , Jimoh Maruf A. , Farayola Temitope , Lawal Jamiyu , Ahmodu Sumaila , Ogunmodede James A.
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Atrial myxomas are rare cardiac tumors that usually present with diverse, unrelated symptoms. Conversely, heart failure (HF) is a common cardiac disorder that is mostly caused by uncontrolled systemic hypertension. It is a progressive cardiac disease that is managed with guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT). We present the case of a farmer who presented with typical symptoms of HF. Echocardiography however revealed an unusual cause of his symptoms—a huge mass in his left atrium (LA) prolapsing through the mitral valve, causing functional mitral stenosis. The mass is suspected to be an atrial myxoma. Surgical excision of this mass is proposed as the cure, which will obviate the need for continuous use of GDMT. This case report and literature review bring to fore the mechanisms by which atrial myxoma can cause HF and the other varied clinical presentations of atrial myxomas.
Association of the Emergence of Hand Preference and Child Development in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Harini D. , Sethuraman Lakshmanan , Lingan Naveenan
Published: September 2024

Background:

Hand preference reflects the cerebral dominance associated with language, cognition, and manual skills development. Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show less hand dominance as compared to typically developing children. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the development of hand preference and its association with developmental skills in children with ASD.

Objective:

The study aims to analyze the relationship between the emergence of hand preference and the primary developmental domains of children with ASD.

Study Design:

This was a cross-sectional study.

Methods:

A convenient sampling method was used for the sample selection. The study recruited children diagnosed with ASD between 3 and 6 years old. The study was conducted in a clinical setting at Dexterity Occupational Therapy Services, Bangalore. The children selected based on criteria were evaluated with the Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA) for severity, the modified Edinburgh Handedness Inventory to assess hand preference, and the Developmental Assessment of Young Children-Second Edition (DAYC-2) to evaluate the primary developmental domains. Scores on DAYC-2 were correlated with the scores of the modified Edinburgh Handedness Inventory.

Results:

Fifty-four children were recruited, including 43 boys and 11 girls. The mean age of the children included in the study was 52.09 ± 9.08 months. ISAA scores revealed 25 children belong to mild, 26 belong to moderate, and 3 belong to the severe category of autism. The scores of the modified Edinburgh Handedness Inventory are significantly correlated with expressive (P = 0.029; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.029–0.521), receptive (P = 0.007; 95% CI: 0.100–0.571), socioemotional (P = 0.009; 95% CI: 0.088–0.563), adaptive behavior (P = 0.008; 95% CI: 0.094–0.567), and fine motor (P = 0.001; 95% CI: 0.174–0.620) domains of DAYC-2 with weightage to the age.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that the emergence of hand preference in ASD children had a clear association with the developmental domains of DAYC-2, which indicates that targeted intervention to strengthen hand preference may facilitate the child’s development.
Association of Vitamin D Levels and Handgrip Strength among Patients with Hypothyroidism: A Cross-sectional Study Design
Authors: Kumar Anupam , Pushkar Kumar , Singh Santosh Kumar , Arora Rahil , Singh Vani , Sehgal Parrina , Bhati Shaheen Khan
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

There is a notable association between hypothyroidism and reduced muscle function as well as compromised neuromuscular coordination. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential link between Vitamin D and handgrip strength (HGS) in patients with hypothyroidism.

Methods:

The study involved 40 patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism while excluding individuals with hypothyroid medications, cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, neurological, reproductive disorders, hand anomalies, Parkinson’s disease, and Vitamin D supplementation. They were evaluated for T3, T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, HGS, and serum Vitamin D levels; triceps fold was measured using a Lange caliper, and a correlation between these variables was assessed.

Results:

The mean age of the study group was 39.95 ± 6.41 years, with the majority falling in the age group of 41–50 years. A female preponderance (70%) was observed among the study group. The mean value for Vitamin D and HGS was 14.69 ± 6.12 ng/ml and 19.65 ± 5.38 kg, respectively. The mean values for T3, T4, and TSH were 47.23 ± 14.56 ng/dl, 5.86 ± 2.12 μg/dl, and 18.28 ± 7.64 mIU/ml, respectively. A robust, significant positive correlation was found between HGS and Vitamin D (r = 0.42, P < 0.01). The correlation between body mass index (BMI) and Vitamin D was moderately positive but was not statistically significant (r = 0.26, P > 0.01). No significant correlation was observed between Vitamin D and T4, TSH, and triceps fold. A moderate negative correlation was observed for TSH and BMI but was insignificant (r = −0.27, P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

A strong, significant positive correlation was found between HGS and Vitamin D, while BMI showed moderate positive correlations. No significant correlation was found between Vitamin D, T4, TSH, or triceps fold.