bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Structural Uncertainty in Passive Microwave Soil Moisture Retrieval Algorithm
Authors: Karthikeyan Lanka , Pan Ming , Nagesh Kumar Dasika , Wood Eric F.
Published: February 2020

Passive microwave sensors use a radiative transfer model (RTM) to retrieve soil moisture (SM) using brightness temperatures (TB) at low microwave frequencies. Vegetation optical depth (VOD) is a key input to the RTM. Retrieval algorithms can analytically invert the RTM using dual-polarized TB measurements to retrieve the VOD and SM concurrently. Algorithms in this regard typically use the τ-ω types of models, which consist of two third-order polynomial equations and, thus, can have multiple solutions. Through this work, we find that uncertainty occurs due to the structural indeterminacy that is inherent in all τ-ω types of models in passive microwave SM retrieval algorithms. In the process, a new analytical solution for concurrent VOD and SM retrieval is presented, along with two widely used existing analytical solutions. All three solutions are applied to a fixed framework of RTM to retrieve VOD and SM on a global scale, using X-band Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) TB data. Results indicate that, with structural uncertainty, there ensues a noticeable impact on the VOD and SM retrievals. In an era where the sensitivity of retrieval algorithms is still being researched, we believe the structural indeterminacy of RTM identified here would contribute to uncertainty in the soil moisture retrievals.
Speed Calibration and Traceability for Train-Borne 24 GHz Continuous-Wave Doppler Radar Sensor
Authors: Du Lei , Sun Qiao , Bai Jie , Wang Xiaolei , Xu Tianqi
Published: February 2020

The 24 GHz continuous-wave (CW) Doppler radar sensor (DRS) is widely used for measuring the instantaneous speed of moving objects by using a non-contact approach, and has begun to be used in train-borne movable speed measurements in recent years in China because of its advanced performance. The architecture and working principle of train-borne DRSs with different structures including single-channel DRSs used for freight train speed measurements in railway freight dedicated lines and dual-channel DRSs used for speed measurements of high-speed and urban rail trains in railway passenger dedicated lines, are first introduced. Then, the disadvantages of two traditional speed calibration methods for train-borne DRS are described, and a new speed calibration method based on the Doppler shift signal simulation by imposing a signal modulation on the incident CW microwave signal is proposed. A 24 GHz CW radar target simulation system for a train-borne DRS was specifically realized to verify the proposed speed calibration method for a train-borne DRS, and traceability and performance evaluation on simulated speed were taken into account. The simulated speed range of the simulation system was up to (5~500) km/h when the simulated incident angle range was within the range of (45 ± 8)°, and the maximum permissible error (MPE) of the simulated speed was ±0.05 km/h. Finally, the calibration and uncertainty evaluation results of two typical train-borne dual-channel DRS samples validated the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed speed calibration approach for a train-borne DRS with full range in the laboratory as well as in the field.
Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility: Evidence from the Role of the Largest Institutional Blockholders in the Korean Market
Authors: Choi Daeheon , Choi Paul Moon Sub , Choi Joung Hwa , Chung Chune Young
Published: February 2020

This study investigates the monitoring effectiveness of the largest institutional blockholder in Korea, the Korean National Pension Service (KNPS), on firms’ engagement in corporate social responsibility (CSR). We use a large, unique sample from Korea, where the financial market is primarily characterized by chaebols. We show that lagged KNPS blockholdings do not significantly influence investee firms’ concurrent CSR indexes. This result indicates that even the largest institutional blockholder in Korea does not actively engage in firms’ CSR initiatives to enhance their long-term performance and prosperity. Overall, our results suggest that institutional investors should more actively serve as an effective corporate governance mechanism in emerging Asian markets, where companies aim to be profitable and long-term corporate governance is very important.
Research on Collaborative Management Strategies of Closed-Loop Supply Chain under the Influence of Big-Data Marketing and Reference Price Effect
Authors: Ma Deqing , Hu Jinsong
Published: February 2020

This paper integrates the Internet service platform with big-data marketing into the dynamic closed-loop supply chain system as an independent game subject. Considering the reference price effect of consumers, this work constructs differential games among manufacturer, retailer and Internet service platform under three business models of independent, collaborative production and collaborative marketing. Using Bellman’s continuous dynamic programming theory, this work obtains the optimal feedback strategies of price and big-data marketing effort, brand goodwill, return rate of used products and corporate profits under the three business models. Comparing the three scenarios and analyzing the sensitivity of key exogenous parameters, it can be found that the involvement of Internet service platform has a crucial impact on the sustainable profitability of supply chain enterprises. Considering the reference price effect of consumers, enterprises should adopt different strategic alliances in different periods, which can also gain new development momentum in the context of data-driven marketing, achieve the improvement of the triple-bottom line of closed-loop supply chain and even reach a win-win situation for supply chain enterprises.
Environmental and Economic Water Management in Shale Gas Extraction
Authors: Caballero José A. , Labarta Juan A. , Quirante Natalia , Carrero-Parreño Alba , Grossmann Ignacio E.
Published: February 2020

This paper introduces a comprehensive study of the Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) of water management in shale gas exploitation. First, we present a comprehensive study of wastewater treatment in the shale gas extraction, including the most common technologies for the pretreatment and three different desalination technologies of recent interest: Single and Multiple-Effect Evaporation with Mechanical Vapor Recompression and Membrane Distillation. The analysis has been carried out through a generic Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and the ReCiPe metric (at midpoint and endpoint levels), considering a wide range of environmental impacts. The results show that among these technologies Multiple-Effect Evaporation with Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MEE-MVR) is the most suitable technology for the wastewater treatment in shale gas extraction, taking into account its reduced environmental impact, the high water recovery compared to other alternatives as well as the lower cost of this technology. We also use a comprehensive water management model that includes previous results that takes the form of a new Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) bi-criterion optimization model to address the profit maximization and the minimization Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA), based on its results we discuss the main tradeoffs between optimal operation from the economic and environmental points of view.
Study on the Influence of Air Tightness of the Building Envelope on Indoor Particle Concentration
Authors: Yu Liang , Kang Ning , Wang Weikuan , Guo Huiyu , Ji Jia
Published: February 2020

In order to grasp the building palisade structure tightness of indoor particulate matter mass concentration based on the particle penetration mechanism and settlement characteristics, this article analyzes the measurements of two different types of building air tightness of a Shenyang university office building in terms of indoor and outdoor particulate matter mass concentration levels from 2016-1-09 to 1-22, 2016-7-18 to 8-03, and 2017-2-28 to 3-13. The building outside the closed window that had no indoor source condition, the indoor office building and outdoor particle mass concentration, and the aperture size and shape of the envelope were analyzed to carry on the numerical simulation research by Fluent software, which was then analyzed; the results reveal that the measuring point of the I/O ratio is less than point B of the I/O ratio, measurement points of A linear regression fitting degree is lower than the fit of the measuring point B, and the causes for the measuring point A tightness (level 8) is superior to the measuring point B (level 4). When the gap height h is greater than 0.5 mm, the penetration rate of particles within the range of 0.25–2.5 μm particle size is close to 1. In different gap depths, the penetration rate of particles within the range of 0.1–1 μm particle size was close to 1. In diverse pressure difference, the 0.25–2.5 μm particles within the scope of penetration rate P is close to 1, the gap on both sides of the differential value ΔP; the greater the particle, the higher penetration rate. The larger the right-angle number of gap n, the lower the penetration rate of particles. The L-shaped gap and U-shaped gap have significantly better barrier effects in larger and smaller particles than the rectangular gap. The research results in this paper can help people understand and effectively control the influence of outdoor particles on the indoor air quality and provide reference data for the prediction of indoor particle mass concentration in buildings, which has theoretical basis and practical significance.
Experimental Analysis of a Novel PV/T Panel with PCM and Heat Pipes
Authors: González-Peña David , Alonso-deMiguel Iván , Díez-Mediavilla Montserrat , Alonso-Tristán Cristina
Published: February 2020

A new design for the use of photovoltaic and thermal (PV/T) technology with thermal storage is reported in this work. In the new design, a phase change material (PCM) tank is added to the backside of the photovoltaic panel. The advantages of this design are the storage of thermal energy and the efficiency improvement of the photovoltaic (PV) panel as a result of the temperature control of the PV cell during the phase change process. In addition, a perimeter with a black surface surrounds the PV panel to increase the absorption of thermal energy. The thermal energy is then transferred to the backside of the PCM tank by heat pipes. One prototype with lauric acid as PCM was tested under two different operating configurations and resulted in an overall daily efficiency of 50% coulding be improve by controlling the PCM temperature during the day.
Intramuscular Immunization with Chemokine-Adjuvanted Inactive Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Induces Substantial Protection in Pigs
Authors: Hsueh Fu-Chun , Chang Yen-Chen , Kao Chi-Fei , Hsu Chin-Wei , Chang Hui-Wen
Published: February 2020

Intramuscular (IM) immunization is generally considered incapable of generating a protective mucosal immune response. In the swine industry, attempts to develop a safe and protective vaccine for controlling porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) via an IM route of administration have been unsuccessful. In the present study, porcine chemokine ligand proteins CCL25, 27, and 28 were constructed and stably expressed in the mammalian expression system. IM co-administration of inactivated PEDV (iPEDV) particles with different CC chemokines and Freund’s adjuvants resulted in recruiting CCR9+ and/or CCR10+ inflammatory cells to the injection site, thereby inducing superior systemic PEDV specific IgG, fecal IgA, and viral neutralizing antibodies in pigs. Moreover, pigs immunized with iPEDV in combination with CCL25 and CCL28 elicited substantial protection against a virulent PEDV challenge. We show that the porcine CC chemokines could be novel adjuvants for developing IM vaccines for modulating mucosal immune responses against mucosal transmissible pathogens in pigs.
ECONOMIC SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATE: ON THE CONTENT AND CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL SUPPORT (CONSIDERATIONS OF A CONSTITUTIONAL LAWYER)
Authors: Boldyrev O.Yu.
Published: February 2020

The latest phase of globalization and global crisis processes actualize and exacerbate the problem of economic sovereignty of national States. Mechanisms for its provision and protection are enshrined in country legislative systems and their constitutional components. Based on this, the author of the article, first of all, characterizes the constitutional and legal mechanisms that are rarely covered in the domestic literature, tested in the foreign experience that is instructive for Russia. Moreover, it is proposed to draw lessons from the negative elements of this experience: constitutional acts are sometimes late and either do not sufficiently protect certain elements of economic sovereignty (for example, in the scientific, industrial, technological and information spheres), or protect them only from «classic» threats, without reflecting new challenges (this applies, in particular, to ensuring resource-energy and financial sovereignty). Secondly, it proposes to make the analysis of economic sovereignty issues (as well as related issues of economic security) interdisciplinary and advocates the development of scientific areas that integrate economic and legal knowledge.
YEAR 2020: ON THE REMAINING REPRODUCTIVE THREATS AND THEIR NEUTRALIZATION ON THE WAYS TO IMPROVE STRATEGIC PLANNING AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY, THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AND ITS SECTORAL AND REGIONAL SUBSYSTEMS
Authors: Vinslav Yu.B.
Published: February 2020

The article analyzes the main indicators of the evolution of the domestic economy and its industrial complex in the past year (in January — November 2019). It Identifies trends in this evolution, including negative trends that determine the preservation of reproductive threats in 2020: sluggishness, instability and low quality of economic growth. The main reasons for the fact that the objective resource capabilities of the macro level were clearly not used enough to effectively solve the urgent problems of technological modernization of the economy and increase people’s welfare are established. The main reason is the poor quality of public administration, including imperfect strategic planning and industrial policy; there is still no modern national innovation system in the country. Accordingly, recommendations for improving the quality of state regulation in its specified components are justified. The recommended measures, according to the author, will help the economy to move to a trajectory of rapid, sustainable and high-quality growth.
Postural control in male ten-pin bowlers of different level of competitiveness
Authors: Stefopoulos Vasilis , Iatridou Katerina , Karagiannakis Dimitris , Mandalidis Dimitris
Published: February 2020

Ten-pin bowling is considered a highly skilled recreational activity with players demonstrating various anthropometric and physiological characteristics. The purpose of the current study was to assess both static and dynamic body balance, in ten-pin bowlers of different level of competitiveness. Thirty four ten-pin bowlers who competed at a high (Level-A, n=17) and a lower level (Level-B, n=17) as well as eighteen individuals without experience in ten-pin bowling (Non-bowlers) participated in the study. Static balance was determined based on the anteroposterior (APd) and mediolateral displacement (MLd) of the center-of-foot-pressure (CoP) that was recorded during single-leg-stance with open and close eyes as well as with open eyes and head extension. Dynamic balance was determined based on the APd and MLd of CoP as well as the normalized distances reached during execution of the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) in the posterior, posterolateral and lateral directions. Significantly better dynamic balance, in terms of the distances reached during SEBT execution, was demonstrated by Level-A bowlers compared to Level-B bowlers and Non-bowlers. The differences between groups regarding APd and MLd, during both static and dynamic balance testing, were in general not significant. Our findings revealed that ten-pin bowlers who compete at a higher level demonstrate better dynamic balance ability. Sports scientists and coaches should be aware of these differences to optimize performance or distinguish ten-pin bowlers with different level of competitiveness.
METHODICAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS GAME ON THE MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY ACTIONS IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
Authors: Bondarenko O. , Gudovych O. , Kovaliov O. , Mazurenko V.
Published: February 2020

Successful implementation of civil protection measure depends on the level of training of executive bodies, staffs, services, command and staff of the civil protection governing bodies. Conducting exercises and trainings with a certain frequency allows to work out the whole set of events connected with the civil protection reality plans check, preparing the executive bodies for the intended purpose, organizing and conducting rescue and other emergency operations in difficult emergency situations within the short period of time.

According to the experience obtained, one of the response emergency drawbacks is the lack of theoretical and practical training of both governing bodies and civil defense forces, which fulfill the tasks of preventing and eliminating the emergency response. It should be noted that one of the most important drawbacks during the process of performing these tasks is the executive bodies’ lack of competence. This, in turn, leads to the violation of the algorithm of safety actions that can result in injury of employees and sometimes even fatal outcome.

Functional training organization on managerial decision making by SESU bodies in the event of threat or emergency are described in professional publications.

The aim of the article is to study all possible approaches to SESU executive bodies’ training on actions in the event of threat or emergency.

Threat and emergency require the sequential actions from the sequential management bodies which are aimed at restoration of vital activity of the emergency areas, prevention of people’s death, injuries, losses as well as damages reduction. We believe that providing such training activity as simulation exercise gives the opportunity to improve knowledge and develop skills of executive bodies’ managerial actions organization in the event of threat and emergencies.

We are sure that such training activity as a simulation exercise gives the opportunity to improve knowledge and develop the skills of executive bodies’ managerial actions organization in the event of threat and emergencies.

The exercises components can be used in pre-exercise training and conducting exercises in the area of civil protection.
Simulasi Numerik Karakteristik Pembakaran Pada Tangentially Fired Boiler Dengan Variasi Sudut Yaw
Authors: Hosanova Rindra
Published: February 2020

Coal is one of the energy sources that widely used for electricity, the age of coal reserves only remain 56 years, so it is necessary to make a study to reduce the consumption rate of coal with make an improvement on boiler efficiency which use tangentially fired boiler because it has good combustion. There are a problem in this type of boiler such as unbalance temperature and temperature deviation in superheaters and reheaters of the boiler. This research is made to study the effect of yaw angle modification to temperature in boiler. Method that used in this research is Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD). Coal yaw angle modification in this research are +5º, 0º, -5º, -10º, dan -15º. Coal yaw angle modification have an effect to temperature distribution, wider yaw angle then larger the temperature deviation. The best coal yaw angle configuration is at -5º because it has the least temperature deviation on the upper furnace which minimize the risk of overheat on superheaters and reheaters.

Keywords: CFD, yaw angle, tangentially fired boiler
الخطاب المعماري العربي الاسلامي والغربي
Authors: Al-Akkam Akram Jassim
Published: February 2020

ركزت العديد من الطروحات على فكرة الخطاب المعماري والمعرف بالفضاء المفاهيمي الفكري ذات الخصائص

الجوهرية القائمة على اسس معرفية وابعاد اجتماعية ودينية وثقافية وتاريخية مميزة. واشارت تلك الطروحات الى الخطاب المعماري الغربي ومفرداته المتعددة والخطاب المعماري العربي الاسلامي وثوابته العقائدية والبيئية والثقافية، الا ان تلك الطروحات لم تقدم صورة مقارنة واضحة للخطابين.

لذا يهدف التحقيق الحالي الى اجراء مقارنة بين مفردات الخطابين، مفترضا تباينا في أسسهما البنائية. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة فقد اعتمد البحث على اسلوب استعراض الادبيات النظرية المركزة.

اوضحت النتائج تباين الخطابين في غالبية المفردات والتي تشمل النظرة تجاه الوجود الانساني في الكون واسلوب فهم العالم الخارجي، طبيعة الانسان، مرجعية الخطاب وطبيعته، اعتمادية الخطاب وهدفه وسماته، الية البناء الفكري للخطاب واصنافه، محاور التركيز والاهتمام، اسلوب التجسيد، مجال البحث، طبيعة النظرة للجمال وسبل انتاج القيم الجمالية وقواعدها، ادراك المكان، وجهة النظر تجاه الابداع والعمارة كثقافة واصول مرجعيتها،
تقييم الصورة الاستعارية في العمارة
Authors: Al-jamel Ali Haidar , Minouna Naam Behnam
Published: February 2020

الصورة الاستعارية المتجسدة في النتاجات المعمارية للتقييم من المتلقين الممثلين لشرائح

اجتماعية مختلفة. وعلى الرغم من تعدد الدراسات ذات العلاقة بموضوع التقييم للصور الاستعارية ، الا انها

اتسمت بكونها ذات طبيعة وصفية شاملة لبعض من الجوانب المرتبطة بالموضوع وغير الشاملة لجوانب

اخرى، اضافة الى كون ما تم طرحه من معايير خاصة بالصور الاستعارية اعتمدت الصيغ الانتقائية كونها

ارتبطت بقيم السياق الثقافي الذي ينتمي اليه الناقد المعني بتلك الطروحات بما لم تمكن تلك الدراسات من

بلورة اطار نظري يضم الجوانب الاساسية الداخلة في عملية التقييم .  ومن هنا تبرز الفجوة في المعرفة العملية عن ما هي العوامل المؤثرة في تقييم الصورة الاستعارية في  سياق ثقافي معين وما هي المقومات الخاصة بالصور الاستعارية الجيدة التي تكتسب تقييمات ايجابية من  متلقيها ووفقا لسياقاتهم الثقافية الخاصة .

ان البحث يهدف الى تحديد ووصف العوامل المؤثرة في تقييم الصورة الاستعارية في العمارة وطبقا  لسياقات ثقافية معينة، وتركزت منهجيته ببناء اطار نظري وعزل المتغيرات الخاصة بجوانبه الاساسية

وتوضيح قياسها واجراء الدراسة الميدانية على نماذج معمارية منتخة لاجراء التقييم ومن قبل عينة بحثية من

المتلقين في البيئة العراقية
خصوصية مفهوم الإبداع في العمارة
Authors: Yaser Maysoon Safi
Published: February 2020

تمثل العمارة إحدى أهم وسائل التغير في المجتمع لكونها ظاهرة حضارية تعكس تغير الأفكار والمعتقدات في

المجتمع الذي تمثله من خلال نتاجاتها. ولكن تلك النتاجات لابد من أن يكون لها القدرة على تقديم الجديد والمختلف عما سبق للناس أن خبروه أو عرفوه، والوصول إلى ذلك الجديد والمختلف هو ما يسمى إيداعا.

تكمن أهمية الموضوع لكونه الهدف الذي تسعى إليه العمارة لتحقيق نتاجات تتميز بمكنوناتها الفكرية وأساليبها

التعبيرية. ولذلك سيهدف البحث إلى توضيح مفهوم الإبداع بصورة عامة، وفي العمارة بصورة خاصة.

تناول البحث مناقشة مفهوم الإبداع في الفلسفات والنظريات اللغوية لما كان لها من تأثير على العمارة، وعلى

خصوصية مفهوم الإبداع فيها. كما تأثر مفهوم الإبداع في العمارة بسبب تباين التوجهات الفكرية والستراتيجيات

المعتمدة على مستوى التيارات المختلفة وعلى المستوى الفردي في كل تيار. البحث ان مفهوم الإبداع يمكن أن يعرف بأنه فعل كشف وتوليد في آن واحد، يتحقق الكشف وقد استنتج خلال تجاوز الموجود أو المعروف، ويتشكل التوليد عبر الانزياح عما هو موجود أو مألوف. ويتحقق من خلال التأكيد على إنشاء بنى مختلفة وكليات مغايرة لإزاحة ما هو مألوف وصولا إلى خلق عمارة جديدة.
Effect of Magnetic Irrigation Water on Apparent and Productive Characteristics of Bean crop (Viciafaba. L)
Authors: Made Ali A. , Alazarg Amal A. , Alsharef Almabrok Z. , Alturki Karima K. , Alafi Mohamed A.
Published: February 2020

To achieve the objectives of the study, a field experiment was conducted in the area of Judaim 5 km east of the city of Zawiya - Libya at the farm of citizen Juma Al-Marhoon 2018.
The experiment was designed with the design of randomized complete block design (RCBD Factorial) of three replicates, two varieties of bean crop (Viciafaba.L) (Cyprus and Aquadulcy), and two types of irrigation water (magnetic water Mw and non-magnetic water (N Mw). Soil samples from were collected at different depths over three time periods (after one and a half months and three months after harvesting). Some chemical properties of the samples were analyzed and measured.
The results of statistical analysis of experiment data showed that the irrigation of the two varieties of bean crops (Cyprus and Aquadulcy) with magnetized water Mw compared to the non-magnetized water N Mw increased significantly in the number of plant branches and plant height. The increase was high significant in germination rate. The increase in productivity was significant in the weight of dry pods, the weight of dry seeds and the total weight of the plant and very high significant in the weight of 100 seeds (g). The other characteristics of the plant, such as vitality, weight, number of root nodes and harvesting index, were not affected by magnetic water.
The results of the statistical analysis of soil collected in the first and third stage showed no significant differences between soil irrigated with magnetic water and irrigated soil with untreated water in most of the chemical properties of the soil, except for the dissolved potassium K and pH, the differences were highly significant in the soils collected in the third stage.
The results of the statistical analysis of soil data collected in the second stage showed significant and high significant differences between soil irrigated with magnetic water and soil irrigated with untreated water in most of the chemical properties of the soil.
The Current Survey of Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Benghazi’s Coastal Plain
Authors: Abdelkarim Marei
Published: February 2020

Rhizospheres of crop plants are complexes of chemical and microbial interactions. Of importance, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial microorgansims associated with roughly eighty-percent of terrestrial land plants. In this mutualistic symbiosis, the fungus receives the photosynthetic product (sugar) fixed from its host by photosynthesis. In return, the host plant gains a plethora of benefits from the fungus such as enhanced nutrient uptakes, protection against both biotic (soil-borne root pathogens, insect attack) and abiotic (drought, heavy metal pollution, and soil salinity) stresses. Taxonomically, AMF belong to a new erected phylum called Glomeromycota. The field study was conducted in a farm owned and supervised by The Great Man-Made Project in February 2019. The present study was performed to determine the presence or the absence of AMF in a field cultivated with wheat crops (Triticum aestivum, L.) during the vegetative stage, and also to investigate soil physiochemical properties effect on AMF colonization. Results showed that colonization of wheat plant roots were significantly low. The result clearly implies that high-input fertilizers viz., phosphorus fertilization, and agricultural practices such as intensive tillage drastically reduced AMF colonization.
Molecular characterization of lternaria solani isolates on tomato plant Lycopersicum esculentum Mill
Authors: Alsouyid Hajer Mohammed , Elamri Nuria Ali , Duzan Haifa Mohamed , Abughania Abdunabi Mohamed , Aslougi Ammar Khalifa
Published: February 2020

Early blight disease causes severe damage to the foliar part of solanaceous crops including tomato. Fifteen isolates (12 from tomato, 2 from potato, 1 from pepper) were collected from different sources in Tripoli.
Field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine cultural behaviour on PDA medium, morphological, pathogenic and molecular variation between isolates tested. Colonies of isolates revealed variation in their cultural behaviour on PDA medium ranging from cottony to appressed growth, with colour ranging between light to dark olivaceous. The pigments released by the isolates changed the medium colour to grey or brown. Morphological studies of the fungal isolates exhibited short conidiophores bearing a single or chains of paired conidia. This study revealed a significant variation in conidial size for the isolates tested ranging from 23.45 to 46.90 x 7.70 to 14.00 µm. Pathogenicity testes on fruits, plants, and detached leaves of tomato indicated a high significant variation between isolates tested ranging from highly to moderate or weak pathogenic.
Genetic diversity of A. solani isolates using RAPD-PCR with oligonuclotide primers revealed significant differences in the appearance of polymorphic and monomorphic banding patterns. Three primers (OPA-07, OPA-09, OPJ-09) out of ten were able to determine the genetic fingerprints of tested isolates. Cluster analysis of RAPD-PCR products showed that primer OPA-07 was able to classify the isolates into five groups: group A (TF4,TF7, TL1, TL3), group B (TF1,TF3, TF8, PEF), group C (TF5, TF6, TF9, POL1, POL2), whereas the remaining two isolates TL2 and TF2 were unique in their patterns and were designated as group U1 and U2 respectively. Primer OPA-09 revealed four distinct genetic groups designated as: group A (TF4, TF6, TF7, TF8, TL2), group B (POL1, TL3, TF3), group C (TF5, POL2) and group D (TL1, TF1, TF2, TF9, PEF). However primer OPJ-09 was able to split the isolates tested into four distinct clusters: group A (TF1, TF7, TL3, PEF), group B (TF3, TF8, POL2), group C (TF2, TF6, TF9, TL2) and group D (TF4, TF5).
The results of RAPD-PCR demonstrate existence of considerable variation in molecular characteristics of A. solan iisolates. Accordingly these isolates were classified into different groups and unique patterns with no obvious association between the pattern of clustering of the isolates and their host of origin, morphological characteristics and pathogenicity.
ВЛИЯНИЕ МИНЕРАЛЬНЫХ УДОБРЕНИЙ НА МИКРОФЛОРУ ПАХОТНОГО ЧЕРНОЗЕМА ЛЕСОСТЕПНОЙ ЗОНЫ ЗАУРАЛЬЯ
Authors: О.Н. Демина , Д.И. Еремин
Published: February 2020

Сохранение почвенного плодородия в условиях интенсивного земледелия является весьма актуальным, а изучение факторов, влияющих на него, является теоретически и практически необходимым. Почвенная микрофлора и микробиологические процессы играют особую роль в плодородии почвы. Цель исследований – изучение изменения структуры почвенной микрофлоры при внесении возрастающих доз минеральных удобрений. Исследования проводили на стационаре кафедры почвоведения и агрохимии Государственного аграрного университета Северного Зауралья, расположенного в северной лесостепи Зауралья. Численность эколого-трофических групп микроорганизмов определяли методом посева на питательные среды. Результаты исследований показали, что низкие дозы минеральных удобрений оказывают слабое влияние на развитие микробиоты. Систематическое внесение высоких доз удобрений существенно изменяло численность почвенной микрофлоры по фазам вегетации яровой пшеницы. Состав микроорганизмов на контроле и на варианте с внесением минеральных удобрений на планируемую урожайность 3,0 т/га зерна отличался незначительно и составлял 51,4–54,1 млн КОЕ/ г почвы. При внесении минеральных удобрений на планируемые урожайности 5,0 и 6,0 т/га зерна численность микроорганизмов варьировала в пределах 20–40 % по отношению к контролю. Коэффициент Мишустина на удобренных вариантах составил 1,2–1,4 ед., тогда как на контроле этот показатель составил 1,8 ед. Под действием высоких доз минеральных удобрений численность гумусообразующих микроорганизмов в весенний и осенний периоды достоверно возрастала. Коэффициент олиготрофности составил 0,8–0,5 и 1,0–0,7 ед. соответственно. Однако температурные условия в это время замедляют их деятельность. На варианте без внесения удобрений и на варианте с NPK на 3,0 т/га зерна в середине лета отмечены самые благоприятные условия для гумусоообразования. При достаточном количестве растительных остатков можно добиться положительного баланса гумуса. Коэффициент олиготрофности на этих вариантах составил 1,2–0,8 ед.
PEMANFAATAN SERAT SISAL (agave sisalana L.) DAN LIMBAH PLASTIK PET UNTUK PEMBUATAN BATA RINGAN CLC (CELLULAR LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETE)
Authors: Widyawati Fauzi
Published: February 2020

Some time ago in the region of West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) experienced earthquake shocks which shocked the community so that many buildings were destroyed and razed to the ground. While the current use of plastic waste is a concern of the community and government, especially in the NTB region. So this background is the basis of research to make earthquake-resistant lightweight bricks by utilizing PET plastic waste to replace coarse aggregate as a mixture and use sisal fiber as a reinforcement to strengthen the strength of lightweight bricks. The purpose of this research is to find out how to make light brick type CLC (Cellular Lightweight Concrete) by utilizing PET plastic waste and sisal fiber, to determine the effect of the addition of PET plastic and sisal fiber to the mechanical properties of light bricks, and to determine the optimum composition of the addition of plastic PET and sisal fiber in the manufacture of lightweight brick CLC. The use of PET plastic and sisal fiber produces brick with an average density of 1,830,419 kg / m3 for 1: 1 variation samples, 1,880 kg / m3 for 4: 1 variation samples, and 1,887,654 kg / m3 for 1: variation samples 4. Maximum compressive strength is achieved in 1: 4 variation samples ie samples with the addition of sisal fiber 4 times more than PET plastic. Based on the results of the measurement of the density of bricks, only the sample variation 1: 1 that meets the standards of SNI 2847-2013 light brick (1,140-1,840 kg / m3). The addition of sisal fiber which is 4 times more than PET plastic (sample variation 1: 4) has the highest compressive strength value of 8.5 MPa and is included in the category of lightweight brick quality I.
ANALISIS PENAWARAN TENAGA KERJA WANITA MIGRAN KABUPATEN SUMBAWA
Authors: Permata Cita Fitriah , Mujiburrahmat
Published: February 2020

This study is entitled: "Analysis of the Migrant Women Migrant Workers' Offer". An increase in population from year to year has several logical consequences including an increase in the number of young people and an increase in the workforce. Data from the Central Statistics Agency of Sumbawa Regency shows that from 2014 to 2017 there were an increase in the population of 427,119 people, 431,924 people, 436,599 people and 441,102 people spread in 24 sub-districts. The livelihoods of most of the population (around 52.72%) make a living from the agricultural sector (BPS Sumbawa Regency 2017). The geographical condition of the Sumbawa Regency, where fertility is uneven and rainfall is also insufficient to develop normal agriculture, difficult employment opportunities, inadequate education, minimal skills, lack of venture capital, forces residents (especially women) to choose to try looking for work to become Indonesian workers to various countries including the United Arab Emirates. The purpose of this study are: 1) What is the pattern of supply of female workers from Sumbawa Regency? 2) What factors influence the decision to leave women from Sumbawa Regency to become migrant workers abroad?This research was conducted in 4 districts out of 24 districts. Each subdistrict is taken from 2-3 villages which are the basis for migrant women workers (depending on the number of migrant workers available at the time of the survey). The four subdistricts determined as sampling locations are Sumbawa District, Plampang District, Labuan Badas District and Utan District by using descriptive methods and data collection is done by observation and interview techniques. Determination of respondents is done by purposive sampling technique.

The output of this research is knowing the pattern of supply of women workers from Sumbawa Regency and the factors that influence the decision to leave women from Sumbawa Regency to migrant workers abroad, so that it can be seen how the impact of working abroad for women workers and their families and their contribution to Sumbawa Regency in general. Besides that, the output of this research is published in ISSN journals and is used as reference material for Macroeconomics courses.The TKT in this study was started by identifying how the pattern of supply of women workers from Sumbawa Regency and the factors influencing the decision to leave women from Sumbawa Regency to become migrant workers outside the interview method and distributing questionnaires. Knowing the pattern of female labor supply and the factors influencing the decision of women workers to work abroad can be input for the government what will be done to women workers who work abroad and contribute to the Regency of Sumbawa.
TOXICITY AND HAZARD OF NEUROPARALYTIC ACTION OF FIRE-RESISTANT TURBINE OILS BASED ON TRIARYL PHOSPHATES
Authors: Sidorin G. I. , Lukovnikova L. V. , Dyakova L. I. , Shestova G. V.
Published: February 2020

The paper presents the results of assessing the toxicity and danger of the development of neuroparalytic effect of fire-resistant turbine oils «Turbomas», «T-94» and «T-95» based on triaryl phosphates. According to the toxicity parameters, the studied oils are low-toxic substances, exhibit weakly expressed cumulative properties, do not irritate the skin and mucous membranes, penetrate through intact skin, and increase the activity of microsomal enzymes, when injected into the stomach and abdominal cavity. The study of the neuroparalytic action of oils «Turbomas», «T-94» and «T-95» did not reveal the presence of clinical and morphological signs of disorders of the neuromuscular apparatus in animals, which makes it possible to exclude the possibility of neuroparalytic action in persons in contact with the studied oils.
Production of regional encyclopedias by the library science as an important way of library development in regions
Authors: Sokolov Viktor
Published: February 2020

The study describes general issues in regional encyclopedia publishing. Some problems of making of the regional encyclopedias by library science were analyzed in connection with the development of a library policy in Ukrainian regions; the current state of development the encyclopedia publishing and making of the library encyclopedias in Ukraine is highlighted.
In-Training Advising Sessions for New Peer Advisors: Impacts and Benefits
Authors: Howard Stephanie Lea
Published: February 2020

This paper will describe the impact a series of advising sessions had on two university students being trained as peer advisors during the first half of a peer advising training course conducted at a self-access center in the Republic of Turkey. The author provides the rationale for developing the peer tutoring program, the selection procedure, and aspects of the training course. The paper will then focus on the learner development that occurred as a result of the trainees experiencing three advising sessions. The paper explores key training experiences, including insights and observations made by the trainer and trainees to illustrate how the development of the peer advisors was affected.
Review of the JASAL 2018 x SUTLF 5 Conference
Authors: Bigelow Brandon
Published: February 2020

On December 15th, 2018, the JASAL (Japan Association for Self-Access Learning) Conference was held in Kumamoto, Japan. Befitting the event’s theme of Making Connections, the conference was jointly hosted by JASAL and SUTLF (Sojo University Teaching and Learning Forum), the flagship event of the NanKyu Chapter of JALT (Japan Association for Language Teaching) at the recently renovated Sojo University. In this article, the organization of the conference is briefly introduced followed by a description of the plenary speaker’s presentation. Additionally, six of the conference’s presentations are summarized, and at the end of the article is a conclusion with the author’s final thoughts.
A Critical Review of Research on Language Learning Strategies used by Arab Learners of English
Authors: Hajar Anas
Published: February 2020

More than four decades have passed since the language learning strategy (LLS) concept was first brought to wide attention by Joan Rubin (1975). Although LLS research is prolific, it has faced challenges regarding its conceptual and methodological nature. These apparent weaknesses have encouraged some proponents of LLS research (e.g. Oxford, 2011; Rose et al, 2018) to conduct a systematic review of previous LLS research, with the aim of identifying the nature of the vigorous attempts to abandon the construct of LLS in research studies. Surprisingly, perhaps, these reviews did not include any LLS research studies concerning Arab learners. Therefore, this paper examines previous research into the LLSs used by Arab learners of English taken from different databases. The analysis has indicated that the majority (22 out of 27) of studies discovered were exclusively quantitative, using Oxford’s (1990) Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL). These quantitative studies correlated the Arab participants’ LLS use with other individual learner variables, especially those related to gender and language proficiency. The other five were qualitative studies, and no study had adopted a mixed-method approach. This paper concludes by suggesting some areas that deserve further investigation in future research.
Percepción docente del juego preescolar en escuelas urbanas y suburbanas de Montemorelos, México
Authors: Krumm de Nikolaus Sonia
Published: February 2020

Aunque no se duda de la importancia del juego para el desarrollo saludable y completo de los niños preescolares, distintas fuerzas sociales, políticas y educativas parecen confabular a favor de un olvido del juego en el nivel Inicial y en su reemplazo, hay un mayor academicismo.

En este marco se buscó entender la relación existente entre la percepción de los maestros acerca del juego en el preescolar, lo que registran sus planificaciones y sus prácticas reales. Para ello se entrevistó a 46 maestros de tercer año de preescolar de la zona urbana de Montemorelos, Nuevo León, se observaron sus planificaciones y se aplicó un cuestionario de percepción del juego.

Los docentes perciben el juego como un elemento necesario y de gran valor educativo, pero esta percepción no se refleja en sus planificaciones ni en sus prácticas educativas, ya que el tipo de actividad que domina es la dirigida y el tipo de juego más utilizado, es el juego didáctico. Estas valoraciones muestran una incidencia directa sobre la ambientación de los salones de clase y las prácticas educativas, como se muestra en este estudio.
La educación y su rol en la formación de actitudes hacia una cosmovisión sobre los orígenes
Authors: González Luciano
Published: February 2020

En general hay un creciente interés en la relación entre educación y el desarrollo de actitudes y habilidades en las personas (Lewis, 1999). Según Aiken (2003), una actitud es una predisposición aprendida para responder positiva o negativamente ante un objeto, una institución o persona en particular. Como tal, consta de componentes cognoscitivos, afectivos y de desempeño e implica aprobación o desaprobación de algo o de alguien. Askin (1977) demostró que las actitudes de los estudiantes son impactadas por el tipo de colegio al que asisten y estimó el impacto relativo de cada institución en la madurez de los alumnos. En esta reseña se muestran algunos estudios relacionados con la actitud asumida por estudiantes universitarios ante el debate entre las cosmovisiones creacionista y evolucionista, como función del abordaje docente de la temática del origen de la vida y del cosmos.
La experiencia del servicio comunitario en las universidades adventistas mexicanas
Authors: Lozano Rivera Raúl
Published: February 2020

La idea de la formación en valores, en general, y en los valores prosociales, en particular, está resultando cada vez más interesante a los planificadores curriculares y administradores de la educación superior. La recurrencia al servicio comunitario como una estrategia de formación prosocial ha servido durante los últimos años a las universidades para egresar ciudadanos más comprometidos con el bienestar social. Se practicaron tres estudios de caso en igual número de instituciones universitarias a fin de conocer la forma en que las instituciones educativas adventistas con internado en México planifican y administran los procesos de involucramiento en el servicio comunitario de los estudiantes. Se recaudaron datos mediante observación, entrevistas, grupos focales y análisis de documentos impresos y electrónicos que permitieron trazar un perfil característico del servicio comunitario en la educación adventista. Junto con ello, se discuten elementos que, según el estudio y la reflexión en la literatura, parecen crear las condiciones apropiadas para la implementación exitosa de esta estrategia de formación prosocial. El informe concluye señalando algunos campos adicionales de investigación que este estudio no agotó.
Educar atendiendo la diversidad: un problema de orden práctico
Authors: Curtino Beatriz
Published: February 2020

El presente artículo es elaborado a partir del abordaje teórico y de relevamiento de antecedentes empíricos sobre inclusión educativa y social, efectuado por la autora, producto de casi 10 años de investigación académica en diferentes proyectos de educación vinculados a la temática. El objetivo del presente artículo es unir en un breve escrito a modo de reflexión el producto de los abordajes bibliográficos y empíricos y el propio razonamiento en base a estas fuentes de información, esperando puedan ser un aporte útil, especialmente para aquellos que día a día se encuentran frente a una realidad tan compleja y de tanta responsabilidad como es educar en y para la diversidad.
El portafolio como experiencia de enseñanza y evaluación en estrategias metodológicas para estudiantes de Maestría en Ciencias Naturales
Authors: Picón V. de Milla Edelmira V.
Published: February 2020

Se presenta la experiencia de un trabajo con estudiantes de Ciencias Naturales en el curso de Estrategias de Metodológicas, en la Universidad nacional de Educación “Enrique Guzmán y Valle”, Lima, Perú. Se utilizan nuevas técnicas de enseñanza enfatizadas en el trabajo en equipo, participación activa y reflexiva del estudiante y el uso del portafolio como forma de evaluación.
Nivel de desempeño administrativo y satisfacción de los alumnos de colegios secundarios confesionales salvadoreños
Authors: Romero Mijango René Antonio , Meza Escobar Manuel Ramón
Published: February 2020

Esta investigación buscó comprobar si existe relación entre la percepción del nivel de desempeño administrativo de los directores y el grado de satisfacción de los alumnos de algunos colegios secundarios confesionales salvadoreños.

A una muestra de 219 alumnos se administraron dos instrumentos, el primero de 23 declaraciones para medir el nivel de desempeño administrativo del director y el segundo de 20 declaraciones para medir el grado de satisfacción de los alumnos, cuyos valores de confiabilidad medidos por el alfa de Cronbach fueron de .937 y de .923 respectivamente.

Se encontró que el grado de satisfacción y el desempeño administrativo tuvieron un grado de relación positiva y moderada (r = .599, p = .000). El género, la religión y el grado que cursan los alumnos no produjeron una diferencia en la percepción que tienen del nivel de desempeño administrativo del director. Sin embargo se observó diferencia significativa en la percepción del nivel de desempeño administrativo del director según el colegio donde estudian.