bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing IT-supported precision management measures to enhance rational drug use in primary healthcare institutions: a study of an internet-based regional prescription audit center
Authors: Feng Huancun , Zhu Jiangwei , Tang Xiaoyan , Chen Yuting , Tan Lu , He Binghong , Zhang Qun , Chen Wenying
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to elevate the qualified rate (QR) of prescriptions and improve rational drug use while also minimizing adverse drug events in primary healthcare institutions within a designated region through information technology (IT)-supported precision management.

In this study, a retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the changes in the QR and adverse event rate associated with 5,923,764 prescriptions across 13 community health service centers in Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, before and after the implementation of IT support. Detailed records and analyses were conducted on specific psycho-narcotic drugs, the appropriate use of antimicrobial prescriptions, and the incidence of adverse events following the introduction of IT support.

Following the IT-supported precision management, 13 community health service centers witnessed a notable surge in the average QR of prescriptions, rising from 91.90% to 96.97% from 2018 to 2021 (P < 0.05). Among this, the average QR of psychotropic and anesthetic drugs, as well as antibiotics prescriptions at the same center showed a significant increase, while the average utilization rate of antibiotics demonstrated a marked decrease. Furthermore, the average incidence rate of adverse events caused by high-alert drugs dwindled from 225 cases/year in 2020 to 109 cases/year in 2021.

The integration of a regional remote prescription audit center for IT-supported precision management of drug use in primary healthcare institutions has improved prescription quality and diminished the incidence rate of adverse drug events, indicating a significant contribution to the distribution of high-quality pharmacy resources of Grade IIIA hospitals to primary healthcare institutions. This initiative also improves rational drug use, marking a pioneering innovation in pharmacy practice that deserves commendation.
The Cambridge Centennial Edition of The Great Gatsby
Authors: Fitzgerald F. Scott
Published: January 2025

The Great Gatsby is often called the great American novel. Emblematic of an entire era, F. Scott Fitzgerald's classic tale of illicit desire, grand illusions, and lost dreams is rendered in a lyrical prose that revives a vanished world of glittering parties and vibrant jazz, where money and deceit walk hand in hand. Rich in humor, sharply observant of status and class, the book tells the story of Jay Gatsby's efforts to keep his faith – in money, in love, in all the promises of America – amid the chaos and conflict of life on Long Island's Gold Coast during the Roaring Twenties. This centennial edition presents the established version of the text in a collector's volume replete with social, cultural, and historical context, and numerous illustrations. The authoritative introduction examines persistent myths about Fitzgerald, his greatest work, and the age he embodies, while offering fresh ways of reading this iconic work.
Queen conch aquaculture remains a conservation symbol and is not yet a fisheries solution
Authors: Kough Andrew , Matsuda Shayle , Appeldoorn Richard , Boman Erik , Galassini Kayley , Delgado Gabriel , Ehrhardt Nelson , Glazer Robert , Gnanalingam Gaya , Tewfik Alexander , Stoner Allan
Published: January 2025

Conservation aquaculture, defined as cultivating aquatic organisms to manage or replenish natural populations, has been advocated as a strategy to enhance fisheries production and help restore declining populations. Culture is especially compelling for species in steep decline and for which there is established methodology. The queen conch Aliger gigas is an example of a species with widely overexploited populations, with attempts to culture the species commercially ongoing for > 40 years. However, hatchery-releases have shown low survival from post-settlement to near maturity, leading to low conservation aquaculture potential. When this is viewed alongside large-scale fishery extractions, it is apparent that it is not commercially feasible to replace wild harvest nor ecologically feasible to replenish queen conch populations using existing aquaculture approaches. An age-based mortality model estimates the magnitude of culture required to replace a single adult of reproductive age. Extrapolations from catch–weight relationships highlight the scale of facilities and costs required to partially offset the harvest in a typical Caribbean fishery. Estimates of reproduction to achieve replacement suggest a greater yield from properly protecting natural breeding aggregations. Queen conch aquaculture is useful for scientific inquiry, community engagement and education, but not for stock enhancement or population restoration without more practical and cost-efficient options. Therefore, protecting breeding aggregations should be prioritized for the ecological viability of the species, as well as for its economic value for the people and industries that rely upon it.
Loop Current West of the Luzon Strait Triggered by Kuroshio Cut‐Off Events East of Taiwan Island
Authors: Tseng Yu‐Hao , Ho Chung‐Ru , Zheng Quanan , Zheng Zhe‐Wen
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to examine the variations in vorticity in the northern South China Sea (NSCS) resulting from the cut‐off of the Kuroshio main path east of Taiwan Island. Absolute dynamic topography and satellite altimeter eddy tracking data from 1993 to 2021 were employed to analyze the momentum ratio of the Kuroshio and mesoscale eddies concerning Kuroshio cut‐off events through their interaction. The results revealed 12 events where mesoscale cyclonic eddies east of Taiwan Island cut off the Kuroshio main path, resulting in intensified loop currents in the Luzon Strait and increased negative vorticity in the NSCS. Six of these events occurred between 1998 and 2013, coinciding with the negative Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) regime. During this period, negative vorticity triggered by Kuroshio cut‐off events rose by 79% in the NSCS, compared to 34% during the positive PDO regime. The Kuroshio interacted with mesoscale cyclonic eddies east of Taiwan for 28 days during the negative PDO regime and 41 days during the positive PDO regime. The Kuroshio velocity strengthened east of Luzon Island but weakened east of Taiwan Island during the negative PDO regime, elucidating the observed disparity. The average duration between the occurrence of mesoscale cyclonic eddy impinging on the Kuroshio east of Taiwan Island and the peak negative vorticity observed in the NSCS was approximately 28 days. This was comparable to data obtained using field measurements.
A North Pacific Meridional Section (U.S. GEOTRACES GP15) of Helium Isotopes and Noble Gases II: Shallow Distributions
Authors: Jenkins W. J. , Doney S. C. , Seltzer A. , German C. R. , Lott D. E. , Cahill K. L.
Published: January 2025

The distribution of helium isotopes in the upper kilometer of the water column along the GP15 section in the central Pacific reflects the large‐scale patterns of upwelling hydrothermal 3He in the tropics and sub‐polar gyre, tracing two important pathways whereby bottom water exits from the deep Pacific. Heavy noble gas saturation anomalies, particularly in the upper two hundred meters of the water column, are more strongly increased by seasonal radiative heating, while lighter noble gas saturation anomalies are increased more by air injection processes. A similar, seasonally persistent radiative heating feature was observed in the Equatorial Undercurrent, and appears to be replicated in climate system model simulations. The origin of this feature, however, remains a mystery. A heuristic component model explains the noble gas saturation anomaly distributions, separating the influences of air injection, barometric pressure and radiative heating/cooling. Results show cohesive spatial patterns consistent with where water masses originate, their circulation, and gas exchange dynamics in relation to their formation regions. Using this model, we diagnose the distribution of “non‐atmospheric” 4He in shallow waters, which parallels the helium isotope anomaly and silica distributions.
Characteristics of the Summer Regional Precipitation Events in the Middle and Lower Yangtze River Basin and Associated Mechanisms
Authors: Wu Rongchang , Huang Anning , Huang Danqing , Tang Jian , Xu Xiaoke
Published: January 2025

Based on the hourly rainfall gauge data and ERA5 reanalysis data of 1980–2022, this study reveals the characteristics of regional precipitation events (RPEs) over the middle and lower Yangtze River basin (MLYRB) in summer and associated mechanisms. Results show that the RPEs contribute more than 60% of the summer total rainfall over most of MLYRB and dominate the morning diurnal peak, interannual variation, and phased increasing trend for the summer total precipitation over MLYRB. The RPEs mainly occurring under two monsoonal types with shear line (Type1 and Type2; 91.4%) and landfalling tropical cyclone type (Type3; 8.6%) show higher precipitation occurrence probability in southern/northern and eastern MLYRB. The synoptic types of summer RPEs over MLYRB show a clear sub‐seasonal variation associated with the development of East Asian summer monsoon, with Type1, Type2, and Type3 concentratively occurring in June to early July (78%), late June to July (62%) and late July to August (81%), respectively. Meanwhile, the diurnal variation of RPE precipitation amount under the synoptic Type1 and Type2 (Type3) exhibits a predominant morning (afternoon) peak. Meanwhile, the increasing trend of total RPE rainfall during 1980–1999 (2000–2022) is mainly contributed by the RPEs under Type1 (Type1 and Type2 together). The reduced coverage rate and the occurrence hours of RPEs under the monsoonal synoptic types dominate the weakened diurnal variation of the RPE precipitation amount during 2000–2022 compared with 1980–1999. This study provides a new scientific reference for the differences in the characteristics of summer RPEs in the MLYRB under different synoptic types.
Efficacy of oral irrigators compared to other interdental aids for managing peri-implant diseases: a systematic review
Authors: Gandhi Gargi , Masanam Bhoomika Sai Laxmi , Nair Ananya Sudhakaran , Semani Nidhi , Chopra Aditi , Ramanarayanan Venkitachalam
Published: January 2025

Objective

Peri-implant diseases (peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis) are inflammatory conditions that affect the peri-implant tissues and are induced by microbial biofilms (dental plaque) formed around the implant. Removal of biofilm is the fundamental step in managing peri-implant diseases. Interdental cleaning aids such as interdental brush, unitufted brush, or oral irrigation along with regular toothbrushing are recommended for effective plaque control around implants. The present systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of home use of oral irrigators compared to other plaque control methods for managing peri-implant diseases.

Method

This systematic review has been prepared using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PRISMA) checklist. Five databases were searched using the following keywords: “Peri-implantitis” OR Periimplantitis OR “Peri-implant disease” OR “Peri-implant Mucositis” AND “Oral irrigation” OR “Oral Irrigator” OR Waterpik OR “Interdental irrigation” OR “Oral Spray” OR “Oral Irrigants”.

Results

Oral irrigator along with mechanical brushing was found to be more effective than mechanical brushing alone in reducing the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and bleeding on probing (BOP). No statistically significant difference in improvement in quality of life and patient satisfaction with regard to comfort and ease of use was noted upon using mechanical toothbrushing alone and an oral irrigator. Implant sites where an oral irrigator was used showed more reduction in BOP (81.8% vs 33.35%) compared to sites where the floss was used (P = 0.0018). The levels of the red and orange complex bacteria in the peri-implant biofilm were lower with the use of an oral irrigator than with toothbrushing alone.

Conclusion

Oral irrigators along with toothbrushing were found to be more effective in removing microbial plaque around implants and controlling peri-implant inflammation compared to mechanical brushing alone. The reduction in BOP was better with the use of oral irrigation compared to floss and interdental brush.
SP-1-activated LINC01016 overexpression promotes gastric cancer invasion and metastasis through inhibiting EIF4A3-mediated MMP9 mRNA decay
Authors: Sun Ying , Zhang Hui , Shi Duan-bo , Gao Peng
Published: January 2025

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators during gastric cancer (GC) development and may be viable treatment targets. In the present study, we showed that the expression of the long intergenic noncoding RNA 01016 (LINC01016) is significantly higher in GC tissues with lymph node metastasis (LNM) than those without LNM. LINC01016 overexpression predicts a poorer relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Furthermore, we found that LINC01016 is activated by transcriptional factor SP-1 and contributes to the overt promotion of cell migratory ability. EIF4A3 was identified as a binding partner of LINC01016 by RNA pull-down assay, mass spectrometry and western blot. We determined that LINC01016 can blocks the binding of EIF4A3 to MMP9 mRNA, thereby inhibiting EIF4A3-mediated nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD), increasing MMP9 mRNA level and protein expression levels to promote tumor progression. LINC01016 or LINC01016-mediated EIF4A3/MMP9 may be potential therapeutic targets for patients with GC.
Polycotton waste textile recycling by sequential hydrolysis and glycolysis
Authors: Leenders Nienke , Moerbeek Rijk M. , Puijk Matthijs J. , Bronkhorst Robbert J. A. , Bueno Morón Jorge , van Klink Gerard P. M. , Gruter Gert-Jan M.
Published: January 2025

As a result of the current high throughput of the fast fashion collections and the concomitant decrease in product lifetime, we are facing enormous amounts of textile waste. Since textiles are often a blend of multiple fibers (predominantly cotton and polyester) and contain various different components, proper waste management and recycling are challenging. Here, we describe a high-yield process for the sequential chemical recycling of cotton and polyester from mixed waste textiles. The utilization of 43 wt% hydrochloric acid for the acid hydrolysis of polycotton (44/56 cotton/polyester, room temperature, 24 h) results in a 75% molar glucose yield from the cotton fraction, whereafter the hydrolysate solution is easily separated from the solid polyester residue. The reaction is scalable, as similar results are obtained for experiments performed at 1 mL, 0.1, and 1.0 L and even in a 230 L pilot plant reactor, where mixed postconsumer polycotton waste textile is successfully recycled. The residual polyester is successfully converted via glycolysis to bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate in 78% isolated yield (>98% purity).
Convergent evidence for the temperature-dependent emergence of silicification in terrestrial plants
Authors: Pang Zhihao , de Tombeur Félix , Hartley Sue E. , Zohner Constantin M. , Nikolic Miroslav , Violle Cyrille , Mo Lidong , Crowther Thomas W. , Guan Dong-Xing , Luo Zhongkui , Zhu Yong-Guan , Wang Yuxiao , Zhang Ping , Peng Hongyun , Strömberg Caroline A. E. , Nikolic Nina , Liang Yongchao
Published: January 2025

Research on silicon (Si) biogeochemistry and its beneficial effects for plants has received significant attention over several decades, but the reasons for the emergence of high-Si plants remain unclear. Here, we combine experimentation, field studies and analysis of existing databases to test the role of temperature on the expression and emergence of silicification in terrestrial plants. We first show that Si is beneficial for rice under high temperature (40 °C), but harmful under low temperature (0 °C), whilst a 2 °C increase results in a 37% increase in leaf Si concentrations. We then find that, globally, the average distribution temperature of high-Si plant clades is 1.2 °C higher than that of low-Si clades. Across China, leaf Si concentrations increase with temperature in high-Si plants (wheat and rice), but not in low-Si plants (weeping willow and winter jasmine). From an evolutionary perspective, 77% of high-Si families (>10 mg Si g−1 DW) originate during warming episodes, while 86% of low-Si families (<1 mg Si g−1 DW) originate during cooling episodes. On average, Earth’s temperature during the emergence of high-Si families is 3 °C higher than that of low-Si families. Taken together, our evidence suggests that plant Si variation is closely related to global and long-term climate change.
Morphological and functional decline of the SNc in a model of progressive parkinsonism
Authors: Muñoz Jacob M. , Williams John T. , Lebowitz Joseph J.
Published: January 2025

The motor symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease are attributed to the degeneration of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Previous work in the MCI-Park mouse model has suggested that the loss of somatodendritic dopamine transmission predicts the development of motor deficits. In the current study, brain slices from MCI-Park mice were used to investigate dopamine signaling in the SNc prior to and through the onset of movement deficits. Electrophysiological properties were impaired by p30 and somatic volume was decreased at all time points. The D2 receptor activated potassium current evoked by quinpirole was present initially, but declined after p30. In contrast, D2-IPSCs were absent at all time points. The decrease in GPCR-mediated inhibition was met with increased spontaneous GABAA signaling. Dendro-dendritic synapses are identified as an early locus of dysfunction in response to bioenergetic decline and suggest that dendritic release sites may contribute to the induction of degeneration.
Abundant ammonia and nitrogen-rich soluble organic matter in samples from asteroid (101955) Bennu
Authors: Glavin Daniel P. , Dworkin Jason P. , Alexander Conel M. O’D. , Aponte José C. , Baczynski Allison A. , Barnes Jessica J. , Bechtel Hans A. , Berger Eve L. , Burton Aaron S. , Caselli Paola , Chung Angela H. , Clemett Simon J. , Cody George D. , Dominguez Gerardo , Elsila Jamie E. , Farnsworth Kendra K. , Foustoukos Dionysis I. , Freeman Katherine H. , Furukawa Yoshihiro , Gainsforth Zack , Graham Heather V. , Grassi Tommaso , Giuliano Barbara Michela , Hamilton Victoria E. , Haenecour Pierre , Heck Philipp R. , Hofmann Amy E. , House Christopher H. , Huang Yongsong , Kaplan Hannah H. , Keller Lindsay P. , Kim Bumsoo , Koga Toshiki , Liss Michael , McLain Hannah L. , Marcus Matthew A. , Matney Mila , McCoy Timothy J. , McIntosh Ophélie M. , Mojarro Angel , Naraoka Hiroshi , Nguyen Ann N. , Nuevo Michel , Nuth Joseph A. , Oba Yasuhiro , Parker Eric T. , Peretyazhko Tanya S. , Sandford Scott A. , Santos Ewerton , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Seguin Frederic , Simkus Danielle N. , Shahid Anique , Takano Yoshinori , Thomas-Keprta Kathie L. , Tripathi Havishk , Weiss Gabriella , Zheng Yuke , Lunning Nicole G. , Righter Kevin , Connolly Harold C. , Lauretta Dante S.
Published: January 2025

Organic matter in meteorites reveals clues about early Solar System chemistry and the origin of molecules important to life, but terrestrial exposure complicates interpretation. Samples returned from the B-type asteroid Bennu by the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security–Regolith Explorer mission enabled us to study pristine carbonaceous astromaterial without uncontrolled exposure to Earth’s biosphere. Here we show that Bennu samples are volatile rich, with more carbon, nitrogen and ammonia than samples from asteroid Ryugu and most meteorites. Nitrogen-15 isotopic enrichments indicate that ammonia and other N-containing soluble molecules formed in a cold molecular cloud or the outer protoplanetary disk. We detected amino acids (including 14 of the 20 used in terrestrial biology), amines, formaldehyde, carboxylic acids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and N-heterocycles (including all five nucleobases found in DNA and RNA), along with ~10,000 N-bearing chemical species. All chiral non-protein amino acids were racemic or nearly so, implying that terrestrial life’s left-handed chirality may not be due to bias in prebiotic molecules delivered by impacts. The relative abundances of amino acids and other soluble organics suggest formation and alteration by low-temperature reactions, possibly in NH3-rich fluids. Bennu’s parent asteroid developed in or accreted ices from a reservoir in the outer Solar System where ammonia ice was stable.
Global meta-analysis shows action is needed to halt genetic diversity loss
Authors: Shaw Robyn E. , Farquharson Katherine A. , Bruford Michael W. , Coates David J. , Elliott Carole P. , Mergeay Joachim , Ottewell Kym M. , Segelbacher Gernot , Hoban Sean , Hvilsom Christina , Pérez-Espona Sílvia , Ruņģis Dainis , Aravanopoulos Filippos , Bertola Laura D. , Cotrim Helena , Cox Karen , Cubric-Curik Vlatka , Ekblom Robert , Godoy José A. , Konopiński Maciej K. , Laikre Linda , Russo Isa-Rita M. , Veličković Nevena , Vergeer Philippine , Vilà Carles , Brajkovic Vladimir , Field David L. , Goodall-Copestake William P. , Hailer Frank , Hopley Tara , Zachos Frank E. , Alves Paulo C. , Biedrzycka Aleksandra , Binks Rachel M. , Buiteveld Joukje , Buzan Elena , Byrne Margaret , Huntley Barton , Iacolina Laura , Keehnen Naomi L. P. , Klinga Peter , Kopatz Alexander , Kurland Sara , Leonard Jennifer A. , Manfrin Chiara , Marchesini Alexis , Millar Melissa A. , Orozco-terWengel Pablo , Ottenburghs Jente , Posledovich Diana , Spencer Peter B. , Tourvas Nikolaos , Unuk Nahberger Tina , van Hooft Pim , Verbylaite Rita , Vernesi Cristiano , Grueber Catherine E.
Published: January 2025

Mitigating loss of genetic diversity is a major global biodiversity challenge1–4. To meet recent international commitments to maintain genetic diversity within species5,6, we need to understand relationships between threats, conservation management and genetic diversity change. Here we conduct a global analysis of genetic diversity change via meta-analysis of all available temporal measures of genetic diversity from more than three decades of research. We show that within-population genetic diversity is being lost over timescales likely to have been impacted by human activities, and that some conservation actions may mitigate this loss. Our dataset includes 628 species (animals, plants, fungi and chromists) across all terrestrial and most marine realms on Earth. Threats impacted two-thirds of the populations that we analysed, and less than half of the populations analysed received conservation management. Genetic diversity loss occurs globally and is a realistic prediction for many species, especially birds and mammals, in the face of threats such as land use change, disease, abiotic natural phenomena and harvesting or harassment. Conservation strategies designed to improve environmental conditions, increase population growth rates and introduce new individuals (for example, restoring connectivity or performing translocations) may maintain or even increase genetic diversity. Our findings underscore the urgent need for active, genetically informed conservation interventions to halt genetic diversity loss.
An evaporite sequence from ancient brine recorded in Bennu samples
Authors: McCoy T. J. , Russell S. S. , Zega T. J. , Thomas-Keprta K. L. , Singerling S. A. , Brenker F. E. , Timms N. E. , Rickard W. D. A. , Barnes J. J. , Libourel G. , Ray S. , Corrigan C. M. , Haenecour P. , Gainsforth Z. , Dominguez G. , King A. J. , Keller L. P. , Thompson M. S. , Sandford S. A. , Jones R. H. , Yurimoto H. , Righter K. , Eckley S. A. , Bland P. A. , Marcus M. A. , DellaGiustina D. N. , Ireland T. R. , Almeida N. V. , Harrison C. S. , Bates H. C. , Schofield P. F. , Seifert L. B. , Sakamoto N. , Kawasaki N. , Jourdan F. , Reddy S. M. , Saxey D. W. , Ong I. J. , Prince B. S. , Ishimaru K. , Smith L. R. , Benner M. C. , Kerrison N. A. , Portail M. , Guigoz V. , Zanetta P.-M. , Wardell L. R. , Gooding T. , Rose T. R. , Salge T. , Le L. , Tu V. M. , Zeszut Z. , Mayers C. , Sun X. , Hill D. H. , Lunning N. G. , Hamilton V. E. , Glavin D. P. , Dworkin J. P. , Kaplan H. H. , Franchi I. A. , Tait K. T. , Tachibana S. , Connolly H. C. , Lauretta D. S.
Published: January 2025

Evaporation or freezing of water-rich fluids with dilute concentrations of dissolved salts can produce brines, as observed in closed basins on Earth1 and detected by remote sensing on icy bodies in the outer Solar System2,3. The mineralogical evolution of these brines is well understood in regard to terrestrial environments4, but poorly constrained for extraterrestrial systems owing to a lack of direct sampling. Here we report the occurrence of salt minerals in samples of the asteroid (101955) Bennu returned by the OSIRIS-REx mission5. These include sodium-bearing phosphates and sodium-rich carbonates, sulfates, chlorides and fluorides formed during evaporation of a late-stage brine that existed early in the history of Bennu’s parent body. Discovery of diverse salts would not be possible without mission sample return and careful curation and storage, because these decompose with prolonged exposure to Earth’s atmosphere. Similar brines probably still occur in the interior of icy bodies Ceres and Enceladus, as indicated by spectra or measurement of sodium carbonate on the surface or in plumes2,3.
From relaxed beliefs under psychedelics (REBUS) to revised beliefs after psychedelics (REBAS)
Authors: Zeifman Richard J. , Spriggs Meg J. , Kettner Hannes , Lyons Taylor , Rosas Fernando E. , Mediano Pedro A. M. , Erritzoe David , Carhart-Harris Robin L.
Published: January 2025

The Relaxed Beliefs Under pSychedelics (REBUS) model proposes that serotonergic psychedelics decrease the precision weighting of neurobiologically-encoded beliefs. We conducted a preliminary examination of two psychological assumptions of REBUS: (a) psychedelics foster acute relaxation and post-acute revision of confidence in mental-health-relevant beliefs; which (b) facilitate positive therapeutic outcomes and are associated with the entropy of EEG signals. Healthy individuals (N = 11) were administered 1 mg and 25 mg psilocybin 4-weeks apart. Confidence ratings for personally held beliefs were obtained before, during, and 4-weeks post-psilocybin. Acute entropy and subjective experiences were measured, as was well-being (before and 4-weeks post-psilocybin). Confidence in negative self-beliefs decreased following 25 mg psilocybin. Entropy and subjective effects under 25 mg psilocybin correlated with decreases in negative self-belief confidence (acutely and at 4-weeks). Particularly strong evidence was seen for a relationship between decreases in negative self-belief confidence and increases in well-being. We report the first empirical evidence that the relaxation and revision of negative self-belief confidence mediates psilocybin's positive psychological outcomes, and provide tentative evidence for a neuronal mechanism, namely, increased neuronal entropy. Replication within larger and clinical samples is necessary. We also introduce a new measure for examining the robustness of these preliminary findings and the utility of the REBUS model.
Factors contributing to helminth prevalence after repeated mass administration of medicines in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Aribodor Ogechukwu B. , Okaka Christopher , Sam-Wobo Sammy , Bikoumou Annick , Obikwelu Emmanuel
Published: January 2025

Over the past decade, Mass Administration of Medicines (MAM) has been a key strategy for controlling schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STHs) in Anambra State, Nigeria. This longitudinal study, conducted from 2017 to 2019, evaluated the impact of interventions for controlling schistosomiasis (SCH) and STHs in recipient communities. A total of 1,046 pupils aged 5 to 16 years were enrolled, with Kato-Katz and urine filtration methods used for faecal and urine sample analysis. A structured questionnaire was administered to 243 people to assess the contextual factors. At baseline, prevalence was 8% (82/1046), with A. lumbricoides (7.0%), T. trichiura (1.0%), Hookworm (0.1%), and S. haematobium (0.5%) observed. Co-infection was 1%. At follow-up, prevalence decreased to 6% (65/1046), with A. lumbricoides (2.0%), T. trichiura (2.2%), and S. haematobium (2%) observed, and co-infection was 0.2%. Infection levels varied by location (p > 0.05), with socio-economic status and inadequate WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene) infrastructure contributing to transmission risk. Most respondents (87%) earned less than $50 per month, and 39% practiced open defecation. The persistence of open defecation highlights critical gaps in WASH that undermine sustainable Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) control. Addressing cultural and economic challenges, alongside improving WASH infrastructure, is essential to sustain MAM’s impact.
Considerations for establishment of a private virtual hospital identified using an implementation science approach
Authors: Fisher Olivia J. , Grogan Caroline , Barron Andrew , Kanagarajah Shanthi , Smith Sue-Ellen , Smith Ian , McGrath Kelly
Published: January 2025

Virtual hospitals are rapidly being implemented internationally. Research has predominantly focused on clinical outcomes not implementation. We aimed to identify pre-implementation determinants to enable health services to tailor virtual hospital models, increasing likelihood of suitability, acceptability, uptake, clinical effectiveness, and sustainability. We aimed to inform the design and implementation of a private Australian virtual hospital by identifying contextual barriers, enablers, and considerations. We conducted a qualitative pre-implementation determinant study using snowball sampling and semi-structured interviews (n = 37) between February and July 2023 with consumers/carers/both (n = 11), clinicians (doctors/allied health/nursing/personal carers), hospital, health service and aged care leadership (n = 22), and public health stakeholders (n=4). Deductive framework analysis based on the PERCS implementation science framework was used. The following key determinants were identified: Enablers – strong executive leadership support; enthusiasm for expanding rural and remote services; need for a clear vision; strong tension for change; commitment to high-quality healthcare. Major barrier: restrictive funding models that stifle opportunities for innovation. Other barriers: technological limitations; communication challenges; workforce issues; clinicians’ opinions varied on safety and suitability of virtual healthcare. This implementation science approach enabled identification of a broad set of determinants not previously reported, relevant locally and for an international audience. Evaluation of implementation outcomes is necessary.
Ecofriendly remediation of cadmium, lead, and zinc using dead cells of Microcystis aeruginosa
Authors: Abdelkarim Mohamad S. , Ali Mohamed H. H. , Kassem Doaa A.
Published: January 2025

The utilization of cyanobacteria toxin-producing blooms for metal ions adsorption has garnered significant attention over the last decade. This study investigates the efficacy of dead cells from Microcystis aeruginosa blooms, collected from agricultural drainage water reservoir, in removing of cadmium, lead, and zinc ions from aqueous solutions, and simultaneously addressing the mitigation of toxin-producing M. aeruginosa bloom. Some physical characterization of the dead biomass was performed, including scanning electron microscope (SEM) which revealed that, the cells form a dense, amorphous cluster, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy confirmed that carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen are the predominant elements in the biomass, Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy identified several active function groups, including hydroxyl, aliphatic C–H amide I and amide II bands, carboxylate and carbonyl (C=O). Key factors influencing the adsorption process were examined. Under optimal conditions—pH 6, a biosorbent dose of 0.3 g, contact time of 90 min, primary metal level of 100 mg/L and temperature of 35 °C (313K)—a maximum removal efficiency exceeding 90% was achieved. Isothermal analysis revealed that the adsorption of Cd(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.96, q
max > 67 mg/g). Kinetic studies indicated that the pseudo-second-order model best described the adsorption process (R2 > 0.94 and q

e
 > 81.3 mg/g.), suggesting a dominant chemisorption mechanism. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. The findings highlight the potential of M. aeruginosa dead cells as a low-cost, sustainable biosorbent for the removal of heavy metal in wastewater treatment applications.
Evaluation of anterior fixed appliances on maxillary arch growth in preschool children
Authors: Ghaly Mohamed , Hamila Nahed Abo
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to evaluate a new modified fixed appliance for rehabilitation of premature loss of anterior teeth in preschool children versus a modified Nance appliance on maxillary arch growth with parental satisfaction. The study was conducted as a clinical trial and it was carried out at Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University. Forty preschool children from both genders aged from 3–5 years were included in the study. The selected children were divided into two groups; Group I: Twenty children received a modified fixed bridge. Group II: Twenty received a modified Nance appliance. Evaluation of both appliances on maxillary growth was carried out at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Finally, parental satisfaction was also recorded. It was revealed that, there was continuous maxillary growth in both groups at different follow up periods with no sexual dimorphism, and parental satisfaction was significantly higher in group I than group II. A modified fixed bridge was better than Nance appliance regarding parental satisfaction and it doesn’t interfere with maxillary growth.
Meta-analysis of RNA-Seq datasets allows a better understanding of P. tricornutum cellular biology, a requirement to improve the production of Biologics
Authors: Boulogne Isabelle , Toustou Charlotte , Bardor Muriel
Published: January 2025

The marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum is currently used for various industrial applications, including the pharmaceutical industry as a cost-effective cell biofactory to produce Biologics. Recent studies demonstrated that P. tricornutum can produce functional monoclonal antibodies, such application is currently limited by the production yield that hinders industrialization. Therefore, it is necessary to understand and control the cell biology of P. tricornutum to improve the Biologics production yield. Transcriptomic analyses have recently been used by the pharmaceutical industry to improve the production of Biologics in mammalian cells, especially Biologics titer and cell productivity. Hence, in the present work, we performed a meta-analysis of seven publicly available RNA-Seq datasets from different strains of P. tricornutum, for which the culture conditions were chosen as similar as possible. We analyzed the differential expression of genes that are involved in biological processes that are well known to potentially impact the bioproduction and critical quality attributes of Biologics. Therefore, the expression of genes involved in the N-glycan biosynthesis, protein export and secretion, protein quality control and proteasome, as well as those encoding proteases were analyzed and compared. The results pave the way towards optimizing Biologics production in P. tricornutum and highlight that the Pt4, Pt3 Ov and Pt8 strains seem to be the most promising P. tricornutum strains.
APOE4 and sedentary lifestyle synergistically impair neurovascular function in the visual cortex of awake mice
Authors: Anderle Silvia , Bonnar Orla , Henderson Joseph , Shaw Kira , Chagas Andre M. , McMullan Letitia , Webber Alexandra , McGowan Kirsty , King Sarah L. , Hall Catherine N.
Published: January 2025

Reduced cerebral blood flow occurs early in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the factors producing this reduction are unknown. Here, we ask whether genetic and lifestyle risk factors for AD—the ε4 allele of the Apolipoprotein (APOE) gene, and physical activity—can together produce this reduction in cerebral blood flow which leads eventually to AD. Using in vivo two-photon microscopy and haemodynamic measures, we record neurovascular function from the visual cortex of physically active or sedentary mice expressing APOE3 and APOE4 in place of murine APOE. Energy supply and demand are mismatched in APOE4 mice, with smaller increases in cerebral blood flow, blood volume and blood oxygenation occurring during neuronal activation as blood vessels frequently fail to dilate. Exercise dose-dependently overall improves neurovascular function, with an increased impact of exercise apparent after longer exposure times. Several haemodynamic measures show a larger beneficial effect of exercise in APOE4 vs. APOE3 mice. Thus, APOE4 genotype in conjunction with sedentary behaviour produces the worst neurovascular function. Promotion of physical activity may therefore be particularly important to improve cerebrovascular function and reduce dementia risk in APOE4 carriers.
Halide-free deep eutectic solvents constructed from natural compounds for converting carbon dioxide to cyclic carbonate
Authors: Yu Wen-Wang , Meng Xiang-Guang , Li Wen , Zhou Jie , Ma Xian-Jian , Chu Dan-Dan
Published: January 2025

Halide-free deep eutectic solvents (DESs) constructed from natural compounds were used to efficiently transform CO2 into cyclic carbonates.
Carbonohydrazonoyl dicyanide-linked indole carboxamides as a new scaffold for transmembrane H+/Cl− transport
Authors: Raza Akram , Chattopadhayay Sandip , Mondal Debashis , Talukdar Pinaki
Published: January 2025

We have developed carbonohydrazonoyl dicyanide-linked indole carboxamide carriers that facilitate efficient H+/Cl− transport activity below physiological pH.
Prediction of NMR parameters and geometry in 133Cs-containing compounds using density functional theory
Authors: Manukovsky N. , Vaisleib N. , Arbel-Haddad M. , Goldbourt A.
Published: January 2025

DFT functionals are tested for their ability to predict geometry, chemical shift and quadrupolar coupling constant in 133Cs-containing compound.
Systematic study of the structural, energetic and elastic properties of U1−yAmyO2−x compounds using empirical interatomic potentials
Authors: Labonne Baptiste , Guéneau Christine , Bertolus Marjorie
Published: January 2025

In this work, we reoptimize several parameters of the Cooper–Rushton–Grimes interatomic potential which is then used to systematically determine structural, energetic and elastic properties of (U,Am)O2−x oxides as well as their melting temperature.
A novel efficient electrochemical sensor for detecting paracetamol contaminants in polluted water using an active electrode from tungsten oxide nanoplates
Authors: Abdel-Hameed Reda , Elnouby Mohamed S. , Zahran Hoda F. , Abu-Rashed Nagah , Ashmawy Ashraf , Ali Eshraqa , Huwaimel Bader , Abdallah M. , Alanazi Kaseb D. , Kamoun Elbadawy A. , Younes Sara M.
Published: January 2025

Electrochemical sensing of paracetamol in polluted water was achieved using facile-synthesized tungsten oxide nanoparticles.
Dynamic regulation of ferroelectric polarization using external stimuli for efficient water splitting and beyond
Authors: Chandrasekaran Sundaram , Wang Qingping , Liu Qiong , Wang Huihui , Qiu Dingrong , Lu Huidan , Liu Yongping , Bowen Chris , Huang Haitao
Published: January 2025

Regulating the ferroelectric polarization in ferroelectric catalysts is an emerging strategy to advance water splitting reactions, with the merits of high charge transfer rate, creation of real active sites, and optimizing the chemisorption energy.
Digitalisation of catalytic processes for sustainable production of biobased chemicals and exploration of wider chemical space
Authors: Parveen Firdaus , Slater Anna G.
Published: January 2025

Digital approaches will accelerate progress in the catalytic transformation of lignocellulosic biomass to chemical and fuels.
Tunable synthesis of alcohols and aldehydes by reductive hydroformylation of alkenes over heterogeneous Co catalysts
Authors: Zhang Wenting , Cui Xinjiang , Liu Shujuan , Liu Ce , Wang Hongli , Shi Feng
Published: January 2025

The encapsulation of single-atom Co catalysts in a porous phosphine polymer for the tunable synthesis of alcohols and aldehydes by reductive hydroformylation of olefins was described.
Establishing Deep InfoMax as an effective self-supervised learning methodology in materials informatics
Authors: Moran Michael , Gaultois Michael W. , Gusev Vladimir V. , Antypov Dmytro , Rosseinsky Matthew J.
Published: January 2025

Self-supervised learning on crystals through explicit mutual information maximisation.
Lowering the exponential wall: accelerating high-entropy alloy catalysts screening using local surface energy descriptors from neural network potentials
Authors: Shiota Tomoya , Ishihara Kenji , Mizukami Wataru
Published: January 2025

High-entropy alloy catalysts are modeled from monometallic data alone through atomic energies of a universal neural network potential, enabling rapid catalyst screening across extensive chemical composition spaces.
Preferential Bayesian optimization improves the efficiency of printing objects with subjective qualities
Authors: Deneault James R. , Kim Woojae , Kim Jiseob , Gu Yuzhe , Chang Jorge , Maruyama Benji , Myung Jay I. , Pitt Mark A.
Published: January 2025

PBO is a human-in-the-loop optimization algorithm that expedites the search for combinations of parameters that achieve a printing goal that is difficult to measure with sensors but can be readily evaluated from human judgment.
Thermosensitive slurry electrolyte design for efficient electrochemical heat harvesting
Authors: Liu Pei , Yu Boyang , Zeng Yilin , Zhang Yifan , Cai Xuan , Long Xue , Jiang Hua , Yang Wendong , Gui Shuangyan , Guo Jinhua , Li Jia , Zhou Jun , Duan Jiangjiang
Published: January 2025

A thermoelectrochemical cell for efficient waste heat harvesting is presented, utilizing a thermosensitive slurry electrolyte to co-optimize the temperature coefficient (α), specific charge capacity (qc) and specific heat capacity (cp).
Intercalated MOF nanocomposites: robust, fluorine-free and waterborne amphiphobic coatings
Authors: Mandal Priya , Singh Vikramjeet , Zhang Jianhui , Tiwari Manish K.
Published: January 2025

We report water-based transparent and non-fluorinated amphiphobic coatings using polyurethane and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). These coatings are scalable, robust, and offer a safer alternative to PFAS-based treatments.
Production of natural zeolite-filled recycled PVDF filters and their application for gray water treatment
Authors: Katırcı Ayşenur , Kahraman Seniyecan , Uğur Nigiz Filiz
Published: January 2025

In this study, clinoptilolite (Clp)-doped poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes (1–4 wt%) were prepared using an electrospinning method.
Unveiling the structure of protein-based hydrogels by overcoming cryo-SEM sample preparation challenges
Authors: Katrantzi Dimitra , Micklethwaite Stuart , Hondow Nicole S , Brown Andrew P , Dougan Lorna
Published: January 2025

Protein-based hydrogels have gained significant attention for their potential use in applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering. Their internal structure is complex, spans across multiple length scales and...
Low temperature multimode atomic force microscopy using an active MEMS cantilever
Authors: Ruppert Michael G. , Wiche Miguel , Schirmeisen André , Ebeling Daniel
Published: January 2025

Low temperature atomic force microscopy is routinely performed using qPlus sensors. Here, we demonstrate that a piezoelectric MEMS cantilever can achieve higher contrast AFM frequency shift images at high imaging speeds compared to qPlus sensors.
A three-dimensional lead iodide-bromide perovskitoid with distinct photoelectric anisotropy
Authors: Yu Zixian , Kuang Kuan , Yang Jie , Duan Junyuan , Li Mingkai , He Yunbin , Chen Junnian
Published: January 2025

A 3D perovskitoid (NMPDA)Pb2I4Br2 (NMPDA = N-methyl propane diammonium) with strong anisotropic merits was constructed via the incorporation of Br− ions, which enables anisotropic photoconductivity and polarization-sensitive photodetection.
Micromotors toward biomedicine: efforts to achieve precise drug delivery
Authors: Chen Gang , Chang Wanci , Qiu Mengqing , Zhang Baiqiang , Zhang Fangfang , Li Guopei , Xiao Yanqiu
Published: January 2025

An overview is provided of all aspects of the micromotor drug delivery system, including propulsion mechanisms, precise motion control, methodologies for drug loading and controlled release, safety profiles, and lifespan.
Spiro-fused dibenzo[g,p]chrysene: annulative π-extension (APEX) synthesis and properties
Authors: Song Kanghui , Zhang Yuying , Wu Shuai , Yang Sha , Wei Shengchen , Chen Songhua , Ito Hideto , Itami Kenichiro , Li Yuanming
Published: January 2025

Employing spirophenanthrenes and phenanthrenone as template arenes for APEX, we synthesized a series of spiro-fused dibenzo[g,p]chrysenes (SFCs) in high yields. SFCs exhibit unique fluorescence properties at 412 nm and enhanced thermal stability.
Efficient removal of Cr(iii) by microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation
Authors: Qin Jia , Cao Huan , Xu Yang , He Fei , Zhang Fengji , Wang Wenqiang
Published: January 2025

Removal of Cr(iii) by microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation.
Electron paramagnetic resonance and photoluminescence study on local structure of Gd3+ ions in Gd-doped CaF2 crystals
Authors: Luo Shirui , Tan Fang , Jiang Dapeng , Liu Honggang , Liu Tingyu , Wei Liening , Liu Yu , Zhang Zhen , Ma Fengkai , Zhang Zhonghan , Kou Huamin , Qin Huaize , Zhu Jingguo , Hu Junjie , Hong Wei , Su Liangbi
Published: January 2025

The EPR spectra of CaF2 with different Gd-doping concentrations were fitted, combined calculations revealed that most of the Gd3+ in 1.22 at% Gd:CaF2 are distributed as a dimer with a distance of 7.7 Å distributed along the [110] direction.
Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using Justicia adhatoda for photocatalytic degradation of malachite green and reduction of 4-nitrophenol
Authors: Mahajan Munisha , Kumar Sanjeev , Gaur Jyoti , Kaushal Sandeep , Dalal Jasvir , Singh Gurjinder , Misra Mrinmoy , Ahlawat Dharamvir Singh
Published: January 2025

Green synthesis of ultra-small ZnO nanoparticles (5.2/12.41 nm) using Justicia adhatoda leaf extract. Exceptional photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (99.8%) and reduction of 4-nitrophenol under UV/sunlight. Eco-friendly water remediation.
Synthesis of fused-ring systems and diarylmethane flavonoids via ortho-quinone methide intermediates
Authors: Nuraini Vidia A. , Falasca Valerio , Wenholz Daniel S. , Black David StC. , Kumar Naresh
Published: January 2025

Facile syntheses of a series of novel fused-ring flavanone systems via Mannich reactions and o-QM cycloadditions and evaluation of their anticancer effects.
Integrating social responsibility and diversity, equity, and inclusion into the graduate chemistry curriculum
Authors: Xia Kay T. , Toste F. Dean , Francis Matthew B. , Baranger Anne M.
Published: January 2025

The broader impacts of and social influences on scientific research were integrated into graduate education in chemistry.
Mapping photoisomerization dynamics on a three-state model potential energy surface in bacteriorhodopsin using femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Ziyu , Chen Yu , Jiang Jiaming , Zhao Xin , Liu Weimin
Published: January 2025

FSRS confirms the symmetry of intermediate states in a three-state model, revealing bR isomerization dynamics.