bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INFLUENCE OF LIGHT-GRAY FOREST SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEMS ON PRODUCTIVITY AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CROPS CULTIVATION FOR GRAIN-CROP ROTATION IN VOLGO-VYATSKY REGION
Authors: Ivenin Aleksey , Sakov Aleksandr
Published: September 2020

The research was carried out in order to find new technological and technical solutions that ensure the energy efficiency of agriculture, stabilization and increase in the yield of agricultural crops for the rotation of grain crop rotation in Volga-Vyatka region. The field experiment was started in 2014 in Nizhny Novgorod region. The work was carried out in grain crop rotation: 1. mustard for seeds; 2. winter wheat; 3. soy; 4. spring wheat; 5. peas; 6. oats. The experimental scheme included 5 systems of tillage (factor A), differing in the methods of the main autumn tillage. For each system of soil cultivation, the influence of mineral fertilizers and destructors of plant residues (factor B) was determined. Against the background of natural soil fertility, the most energetically payback option of the main soil cultivation system is autumn plowing with a plow with dumps (energy coefficient 2.93). The use of a plow without plows, a Pottinger Synkro 5030 K chisel cultivator and a Discover XM 44660 nothad disc harrow in a soil cultivation system leads to a decrease in the energy coefficient to 2.84 ... 2.85; and the use of no-till technology - up to 1.88. Against the background of natural soil fertility, the greatest energy return was provided by systems with fall plowing, carried out both with a plow with dumps and without them, as well as with disking as the main soil cultivation in combination with the use of the biological product Stimix®Niva - energy coefficients were in the range of 3 , 03 ... 3.31. When using no-till technology, the highest value of this indicator was noted when N60P60K60 was applied separately (2.27) and together with the biological product Stimix®Niva (2.53). The maximum energy return in the experiment was recorded in the variant with the main tillage of the soil with a Pottinger chisel cultivator against the background of N60P60K60 together with the biological product Stimix®Niva - the average energy coefficient was 3.45
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SOUR CHERRY FRUITS BREEDED BY TATAR RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE
Authors: Osipov Gennadiy , Petrova Natal'ya , Kirillova Elena , Kazeeva Nina
Published: September 2020

The research was carried out with the aim of comparative assessment of varieties and selected forms of sour cherries by the chemical composition of fruits to identify the best genotypes with their subsequent use in breeding, as well as industrial, farm and collective gardening. The experiments were carried out in 2016–2019 in triplicate. The garden was laid out in 2004-2005 and is located in the southwestern part of the Republic of Tatarstan. The material for the study was 20 varieties and selected hybrids of sour cherries of different ripening periods of the breeding of Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture. On average, over the years of research in fruits of different varieties, the content of soluble solids varied within 16.69 ... 26.49%, sugars - 3.72 ... 6.35%, organic acids - 0.96 ... 2.64%, vitamin C - 11.70 ... 15.90 mg per 100 g. The variability of the content of soluble solids and vitamin C was average (V = 15.1 ... 19.3 and 10.3 ... 14.3%, respectively). The amount of sugars, organic acids and the sugar acid index changed more significantly - V = 20.9… 25.2, 22.0… 25.8 and 29.0… 37.7%, respectively. The genotype had a greater influence on the variability of the content of soluble dry substances, sugars and organic acids in sour cherry fruits (30.2 ... 65.9%) than the conditions of the year (3.0 ... 24.7%) and the interaction of these factors (11.4 ... 29.2%). A positive relationship was noted between the content of soluble solids in fruits and the sugar-acid index (r = 0.85), the content of sugars (r = 0.76), acids (r = 0.50), the sum of positive summer temperatures (r = 0.69 ); an insignificant negative relationship with vitamin C (r = -0.45) and summer precipitation (r = -0.60). Sources of a high content of soluble solids in fruits (21.84 ... 26.49%) in the breeding can be Shelangovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova, Sevastyanovskaya varieties, selected forms - Chereshnevaya No. 1, 1-11-31, 80-8, 1-10 -30 and 37-8; high content of vitamin C (15.16 ... 15.90%) - varieties Shelangovskaya, Low-growing and selective form Chereshnevaya No. 1. In industrial, farm, collective gardening it is recommended to use varieties Shelangovskaya, Pamyat Sakharova, Sevastyanovskaya.
ANALYSIS OF THE STATUS OF PRELIMINARY GRAIN CLEANING IN FARMS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN REGION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Volhonov M. , Zimin Igor' , Ostrovskiy Yuriy
Published: September 2020

One of the first operations in the technology of post-harvest processing of a combine heap is preliminary cleaning, which makes it possible to increase the flowability of the material and reduce the cost of drying. In the farms of the North-Western region of the Russian Federation, the grain heap coming from the fields to the processing lines of grain-cleaning and drying complexes is characterized by increased grain mass contamination (15 ... 20%) and a multicomponent composition of trash, which, along with an increase in the moisture content of the grain heap, has a negative effect on the efficiency of the pre-cleaning machines. At grain cleaning and drying points, machines of various designs are used for preliminary grain cleaning. In most cases, they are not intended for separating small weed fractions and separating feed grain, when cleaning a heap with a moisture content of 26 ... 30% or more, their productivity decreases 1.5 ... 2 times. As a result, the wellness of the grain mass is sharply reduced, which in turn reduces the efficiency of storage bins, dryers, as well as machines for primary and secondary grain cleaning. Fundamentally new approaches to the development of designs for grain pre-cleaning machines are required. They must have a high productivity for the coordinated and efficient operation of the entire technological line, as well as carry out preliminary cleaning of grain with its simultaneous separation into feed and seed fractions. Heap cleaners are needed that are capable of separating clean forage from the grain heap already at the first operation, so that it does not need to be additionally cleaned of large weeds and sand, but only needs to be dried on a separate technological line. The pre-cleaner must have a developed air-sieve system and have perfect under-sowing sieves to separate small weed seeds
Convergência e divergência em contos e crônicas de Clarice Lispector
Authors: Kobs Verônica Daniel
Published: September 2020

Este artigo objetiva analisar contos e crônicas de Clarice Lispector, focalizando, especificamente, a inconstância que caracteriza a abordagem de questões voltadas ao gênero feminino, em dois contextos distintos: o literário e o jornalístico. Para isso, foram escolhidos excertos de: três contos, que integram os livros Laços de família (1960) e O primeiro beijo & outros contos (1977); e onze crônicas, escritas por Clarice Lispector e publicadas nos periódicos Comício, Correio da manhã, Diário da noite e Mais, entre 1952 e 1977. Como pressupostos teóricos, foram utilizados, principalmente, os estudos de Elaine Showalter, Norma Telles, Nelly Richards e Teresa de Lauretis. Tomando por base a aceitação e o questionamento dos princípios da sociedade patriarcal, os resultados obtidos neste estudo demonstram como a escritora brasileira rompeu os padrões, por meio das temáticas e da linguagem que utilizou, para se dirigir ao público feminino. Diante disso, foi possível constatar que a oscilação entre convergência e divergência propiciou a revisão dos papéis da mulher, auxiliando na reconfiguração da individualidade e das relações sociais.
A Saudade, periódico de sentimentos identitários portugueses no Oitocentos brasileiro
Authors: De Melo Carlos Augusto , Pereira Maria Clara Costa
Published: September 2020

Este artigo busca problematizar os usos da palavra saudade com base na análise do periódico A Saudade. Publicado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro entre os anos de 1855 e 1857, este jornal do Grêmio Literário Português foi escrito e lido por portugueses residentes no Brasil que encontraram na imprensa um meio de construção da sua identidade e de um espaço comum em meio aos embates sociais de seu contexto. A literatura de jornal é compreendida enquanto exercício político e artístico que ganha novos tons quando em diálogo com a fabricação sensível de um grupo. A palavra saudade não apenas intitula o periódico como é retomada constantemente na elaboração de um modo de ser próprio daqueles distantes de Portugal. O termo é fundamental na criação do “ser português” enquanto desterritorializado e a desterritorialização não é considerada elemento natural neste processo, antes possui determinados interesses, visando projetos na consolidação de formas de ser e sentir para seu grupo.
‘Reassembled resemblings’ of teachers’ learning practices with Twitter
Authors: Guest Ian Fraser
Published: September 2020

Some teachers claim Twitter has become a useful source for their professional development and learning. As a social media platform, Twitter constitutes a heterogeneous ensemble of humans and things. However, research has yet to allow the nonhuman participants in Twitter to speak for themselves, reveal what they do and present the webs of relations that they enact. I offer here an approach to address that issue by drawing upon actor-network theory and interviewing objects, whilst evoking the spirit of the Parisian flâneur. I begin by untangling a tweet to identify each of the human and nonhuman actors, what they do and how they assist in performing teachers’ learning activities. I then ‘Gather Anecdotes’ describing how two other heuristics – ‘Following the Actors’ and ‘Studying Breakdowns’ – were appropriate for this study, how they were deployed, what fresh knowledge they produced and how a new research avenue was opened. I conclude by reflecting on some of the tensions which emerged when bringing a sociomaterial analysis to teachers’ practices.
Recensione di Rossetti, L. Parmenide e Zenone sophoi ad Elea (2020)
Authors: Montagnino Marco
Published: September 2020

Recensione di Rossetti, L. Parmenide e Zenone sophoi ad Elea (2020).
Molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR as a molecular typing tool for Salmonella spp. isolated from poultry and humans
Authors: Herrera-Sánchez María Paula , Rodríguez-Hernández Roy , Rondón-Barragán Iang Schroniltgen
Published: September 2020

Background and Aim: Salmonella spp. are one of the most important food-borne pathogens in the world, emerging as a major public health concern. Moreover, multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains have been isolated from salmonellosis outbreaks, which compromise its treatment success. This study was conducted to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance profile of Salmonella strains isolated from broilers and humans from the regions of Tolima and Santander (Colombia). Materials and Methods: Salmonella spp. strains (n=49) were confirmed through molecular detection by amplification of the invA gene. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was determined by the automated method and the agar diffusion method, and the presence of resistance genes was evaluated by PCR. Genotypic characterization was conducted using the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC)-PCR method, from which a dendrogram was generated and the possible phylogenetic relationships were established. Results: Salmonella isolates were classified as MDR strains exhibiting resistance to four antibiotic classes, penicillins, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and cephalosporins, and the human strains were resistant to gentamicin. At the genotypic level, the isolates contained the genes blaCMY2, blaCTX-M, blaPSE-1, blaTEM, aadA1, srtB, dfrA1, sul2, and floR. The genotyping results obtained by ERIC-PCR allowed the grouping of strains according to the source of isolation. Conclusion: The Salmonella spp. strains exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, as well as multiple genes associated with them, and the ERIC-PCR method was a technique that was helpful in generating clusters with biological significance.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab Berbasis Portable Engklek Arabic Di Kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Teatantia  , Nurhadi
Published: September 2020

Learning Arabic at MI Sultan Agung holds on to translations and is mostly done by conventional methods. Students who are too active are considered to disturb the course of the lesson. Teachers cannot focus on developing competencies because they are burdened with other tasks and responsibilities. This study aims to develop the portable hopscotch media in learning Arabic, find out the feasibility of the media, and determine students' responses to the media. This study uses the type of research and development of the Borg and Gall model. The feasibility of the product was reviewed by one media expert lecturer, one material expert lecturer, one teacher as reviewer and responded by as many as 28 grade 4 MI Sultan Agung Yogyakarta students. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire to see the product quality and student questionnaire responses to the media product. The results of expert assessment and student responses in the form of quantitative data were analyzed with assessment criteria and percentage of ideals. The result of this research and development is in the form of Arabic portable hopscotch media product. Based on the assessment of media experts, material experts and reviewers. Arabic portable hopscotch successively got a percentage of ideals of 85.8% (Very Good), 82.5% (Good) and 74.1% (Good). The response of 28 students in the trial of using Arabic portable hopscotch was Very Good, evidenced by the resulting data of 88.8%. From these results it can be concluded that the Arabic portable hopscotch media is suitable for use as a medium for learning Arabic.Keywords: Arabic portable hopscotch Media, Arabic Learning, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah.
Tahlīlu al-Ahktā’i al-Kitābīyyati Fī Darsi al-Imlā’ litilmīżāti al-Fashli al-Awwali Fī al-Madrasati al-Mutawasiţati ma’hadi tahfīẓi al-Qur’ān bi ma’hadi al-Amīni Al-Islāmiyya Prenduan
Authors: Luthfatul Qibtiyah  , Lindawati
Published: September 2020

Problem analysis is the process of identifying and interpreting linguistic problem made by students when learning a foreign language as a second language. Linguistic problem was found in all language skills, including writing skills. In practice, many students were doing some mistakes in writing as like morphological problem, syntax, and dictation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the forms of Imla problem and the causes of imla problem for students in 1st grade of Ma'had Tahfidz Al-Qur'an Al-Amien Prenduan Middle School and solutions to overcome these problems. This research is qualitative research, with a descriptive-analytic evaluative type. Data collection methods used were documentation and interviews. The data sources were documentation of the writing of 1st grade student of Ma'had Tahfidz Al-Qur'an Al-Amien Prenduan Middle School, imla instructor, and 1st grade student of Ma'had Tahfidz Al-Qur'an Al-Amien Prenduan. Data analysis techniques used in this study were data collection, problem identification, problem classification, problem explanation, and problem evaluation. The results of this study in imla writing problem were writing hamzah washal and qath'i, lam syamsiyah and qomariyah, alif layyinah, and tanwin fathah. While there were two factors for the occurrence of imla writing problems: 1) Internal factors: lack of understanding of the imla theory, poor hearing, unfocused, poor of  mufradat, and unable to distinguish letters, long and short. 2) External factors: unfavorable classroom conditions, teacher dictation, unclear teacher's voice and the teacher's explanation of the imla theory were not detailed. The effective solution to reduce these problems is Ishlah Mubasyir (direct improvement) and repeat the explaination for the wrong material.

Keywords: Writing Problem Analysis, Imla
Substituição de laminados cerâmicos após falhas biológicas, adesivas e estéticas: relato de caso
Authors: Noronha Mayara dos Santos , da Silva Daylana Pacheco , de Castro Eduardo Fernandes , Carone Carlos Alberto , Gobbo Vanessa Cavalli , Giannini Marcelo
Published: September 2020

Os laminados cerâmicos são restaurações indiretas ultraconservadoras, que requerem mínimo ou nenhum preparo (espessuras entre 0,2 e 0,5mm). Eles são capazes de reproduzir os aspectos naturais dos dentes e a longevidade clínica é determinada pela força de adesão formada entre superfície dental, cimento resinoso fotoativado e material cerâmico. Assim, o presente caso clínico relata a substituição de laminados cerâmicos insatisfatórios após 7 anos de uso. Inicialmente, foi realizada documentação fotográfica, moldagem inicial, enceramento diagnóstico e mock-up, para um correto planejamento. Após o consentimento e aprovação do paciente sobre o tratamento proposto, os laminados cerâmicos antigos foram removidos e preparos dentais com técnicas minimamente invasivas foram realizados, seguidos de moldagem definitiva com silicone por adição. Laminados cerâmicos à base de dissilicato de lítio injetado foram confeccionados em laboratório dos dentes 13, 12, 11, 21, 22 e 23. Na sessão seguinte, as adaptações proximais e cervicais foram checadas previamente, bem como a relação com os tecidos periodontais, assimetrias e a cor do cimento resinoso fotoativado. As superfícies dos dentes e laminados cerâmicos foram tratadas, antes da cimentação, de acordo com as recomendações dos fabricantes dos materiais. O cimento foi inserido na face interna dos laminados cerâmicos que, em seguida, foram posicionados e os excessos de material, removidos com pincel e fio dental. Ao final, cada superfície foi fotoativada por 40 segundos, usando um fotoativador LED. Após a cimentação de todos os laminados cerâmicos, foram realizados os ajustes oclusais, acabamento e polimento necessários. Portanto, o conhecimento, observação e aplicação de critérios estéticos, funcionais e biológicos são essenciais para adquirir o sucesso e a longevidade de uma reabilitação.
Estudo in vitro da alteração de cor do esmalte dental clareado com luz LED violeta
Authors: Domingues Gustavo Henrique Delgado , de Oliveira Ana Luisa Botta Martins , Corona Silmara Aparecida Milori , Vitti Rafael Pino , Scatolin Renata Siqueira
Published: September 2020

Introdução: O clareamento dental é um procedimento muito requisitado nos consultórios odontológicos, estimulando a constante pesquisa por novos produtos e tecnologias. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar ‘in vitro’ a alteração de cor do esmalte dental clareado com luz LED violeta, associada ou não ao gel de peróxido de hidrogênio. Métodos: 48 fragmentos de dentes bovinos (5 x 5 x 3mm) foram planificados e polidos. O manchamento dos espécimes foi realizado por meio de imersão dos fragmentos em 20ml de café, substituído a cada 24h, por um período de 7 dias. Os grupos experimentais foram divididos em: Clareado com luz LED violeta (LV); Clareado com peróxido de hidrogênio 35% (PH, controle positivo); Clareado com peróxido de hidrogênio 35% + luz LED violeta (PH + LV); Gel placebo (C, controle negativo). A variável de resposta foi a análise de alteração de cor, realizada com auxílio de um espectrofotômetro de colorimetria. Foram realizadas três leituras em cada espécime: 1) antes do início da imersão nas soluções de manchamento (baseline); 2) após o manchamento com café; 3) após os tratamentos. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados estatisticamente com a análise de variância (ANOVA-1 fator) e testes de Tukey (α=0,05). Resultados: Os valores de ΔE mostraram diferença significativa entre os grupos. PH + LV apresentou maiores valores de mudança de cor e o grupo C, os menores. LV e PH foram estatisticamente semelhantes aos grupos PH + LV e C. Conclusão: O clareamento com peróxido de hidrogênio 35% e a luz LED violeta pode provocar alterações de cor visíveis, independentemente da associação dos tratamentos; porém, a associação dos métodos potencializa a eficácia do tratamento clareador.
Estabilidade de cor em compósitos resinosos de uso ortodôntico
Authors: Lima Haylton Marcelo Soares , de Godoi Ana Paula Terossi , Custódio Willian , Venezian Giovana Cherubini
Published: September 2020

Introdução: Esta pesquisa objetivou avaliar, por meio de um estudo ‘in vitro’, a interferência de três bebidas (café, Coca-Cola® e vinho tinto) sobre a coloração de compósitos resinosos: Transbond XT® , Orthocem® , Fill Magic® e Z100® . Métodos: A amostra foi constituída por 160 corpos de prova (n=10), sendo 40 para cada compósito , divididos em 10 corpos de prova de cada compósito para cada substância corante e um controle (água destilada). Durante o período experimental de 28 dias, os corpos de prova foram submersos em água destilada e mantidos em estufa a 37°C. Os grupos experimentais foram imersos em café, vinho tinto ou Coca-Cola, 5 dias por semana, por 3 minutos diários. As variações de cor foram quantificadas considerando-se a variação expressa em ΔE (ΔL*, Δa* e Δb*). Os dados foram analisados por meio dos testes não paramétricos de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn, considerando-se um nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: Verificou-se que não houve diferença significativa entre as marcas (p>0,05) para a variação na cor (ΔE), quando imersas na mesma solução. Para a marca Transbond, maior variação na cor (ΔE) foi observada nos espécimes imersos em vinho (p<0,05), seguido de café e Coca-Cola. Para Fill Magic, Orthocem e Z100, os espécimes imersos em café ou vinho apresentaram maiores variações de cor. Conclusão: Todos os espécimes apresentaram maior variação na cor quando imersos em vinho e café, quando comparados à Coca-Cola e água destilada. Os espécimes da marca Transbond e Z100 apresentaram menor variação na cor do que Fill Magic e Orthocem, quando imersos em Coca-Cola e em água destilada.
Dylematy sakramentu pokuty i pojednania w kontekście nadużyć seksualnych wobec nieletnich w świetle nauczania papieża Franciszka
Authors: Kućko Wojciech
Published: September 2020

Nadużycia seksualne wobec nieletnich boleśnie ranią całą wspólnotę Kościoła katolickiego. Sakrament pokuty i pojednania jest jedną z fundamentalnych rzeczywistości, w której dokonuje się leczenie ran ofiar, a także apelowanie do sumień sprawców. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie różnych dylematów sakramentu pokuty i pojednania w kontekście nadużyć seksualnych wobec nieletnich, zwłaszcza w świetle nauczania papieża Franciszka. Omówione trudne kwestie moralne dotyczą zarówno spowiedzi ofiar pedofilii, jak i sprawców tych grzechów. Zostaje również podjęty problem odpowiedzialności moralnej przełożonych sprawców nadużyć, jak i pytanie o odpowiedzialność całej wspólnoty Kościoła katolickiego za kształtowanie właściwego myślenia moralnego o grzechach nadużyć.
Maximum Entropy Analysis of Consumption-based Capital Asset Pricing Model and Volatility
Authors: Lee Tae-Hwy , Mao Millie Yi , Ullah Aman
Published: September 2020

Based on the maximum entropy (ME) method, we introduce an information theoretic approach to estimating conditional moment functions with incorporating a theoretical constraint implied from the consumption-based capital asset pricing model (CCAPM). Using the ME conditional mean/variance functions obtained from the ME density, we analyze the relationship between asset returns and consumption growth under the theoretical constraint of the CCAPM. We evaluate the predictability of asset return using consumption growth through in-sample estimation and out-of-sample prediction in the ME mean regression function. We also examine the ME variance regression function for the asset return volatility as a function of the consumption growth. Our findings suggest that incorporating the CCAPM constraint can capture the nonlinear predictability of asset returns in mean especially in tails, and that the consumption growth has an effect on reducing stock return volatility, indicating the counter-cyclical variation of stock market volatility.
Activation of Subthalamic Nucleus Stop Circuit Disrupts Cognitive Performance
Authors: Heston Jonathan , Friedman Alexander , Baqai Mustafa , Bavafa Nicholas , Aron Adam R. , Hnasko Thomas S.
Published: September 2020

Much evidence supports a fundamental role for the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in rapidly stopping behavior when a stop signal or surprising event occurs, but the extent to which the STN may be involved in stopping cognitive processes is less clear. Here, we used an optogenetic approach to control STN activity in a delayed-match-to-position (DMTP) task where mice had to recall a response location after a delay. We first demonstrated that a surprising event impaired performance by both slowing the latency to respond and increasing the rate of errors. We next showed that these effects could be mimicked by brief optogenetic activation of the STN. Further, inhibiting STN during surprise blocked surprise-induced slowing, although without changing surprise-induced errors. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that STN is recruited by surprise to slow responding and that this can also interrupt cognitive processes. Under normal conditions STN-mediated stopping of behavior may slow or stop ongoing cognition to facilitate cognitive reorienting and adaptive responses to unexpected sensory information, but when malfunctioning, it could produce pathologies related to over-rigidity or increased distractibility.
Astragaloside IV alleviates placental oxidative stress and inflammation in GDM mice
Authors: Zhou Ling , Zhang Ruixue , Yang Shuangyan , Zhang Yaguang , Shi Dandan
Published: September 2020

Background:

Our previous study revealed that astragaloside IV (AS-IV) effectively improved gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by reducing hepatic gluconeogenesis. Due to the importance of placental oxidative stress, we further explored the protective role of AS-IV on placental oxidative stress in GDM.

Methods:

First, non-pregnant mice were orally administrated with AS-IV to evaluate its safety and effect. Then GDM mice were orally administered with AS-IV for 20 days and its effect on the symptoms of GDM, placental oxidative stress, secretions of inflammatory cytokines, as well as toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/NF-κB signaling pathway, were evaluated.

Results:

AS-IV had no adverse effect on non-pregnant mice. On the other hand, AS-IV significantly attenuated the GDM-induced hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, placental oxidative stress, productions of inflammatory cytokines and the activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Conclusion:

AS-IV effectively protected against GDM by alleviating placental oxidative stress and inflammation, in which TLR4/NF-κB might be involved.
Neuroendocrine neoplasms of lung, pancreas and gut: a morphology-based comparison
Authors: Kasajima Atsuko , Klöppel Günter
Published: September 2020

The bronchopulmonary (BP) and gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) organ systems harbor the majority of the neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the body, comprising 20 and 70% of all NENs, respectively. Common to both NEN groups is a classification distinguishing between well- and poorly differentiated NENs associated with distinct genetic profiles. Differences between the two groups concern the reciprocal prevalence of well and poorly differentiated neoplasms, the application of a Ki67-based grading, the variety of histological patterns, the diversity of hormone expression and associated syndromes, the variable involvement in hereditary tumor syndromes, and the peculiarities of genetic changes. This review focuses on a detailed comparison of BP-NENs with GEP-NENs with the aim of highlighting and discussing the most obvious differences. Despite obvious differences, the principle therapeutical options are still the same for both NEN groups, but with further progress in genetics, more targeted therapy strategies can be expected in future.
Elicitación de una distribución a priori para el modelo logístico
Authors: Tangarife Quintero Jenny Andrea , Correa Morales Juan Carlos
Published: September 2020

En muchas situaciones resulta util cuanticar informacion subjetiva que uno o varios expertos conocen acerca de un tema de interes, por esto, una parte importante dentro de la estadstica Bayesiana es la construccion de metodos de elicitacion para hallar distribuciones de probabilidad. Con el fin de contribuir al desarrollo en este campo,se desarrollo una metodología para elicitar los parametros de la regresion logstica con una sola covariable. El metodo que se plantea requiere que se jen unos niveles de la covarible y en estos se asume una distribucion Binomial, para cada nivel se elicita el parametro de interes mediante la metodologa indirecta de muestras hipoteticas.
Estimación Bayesiana para el cálculo del Valor en Riesgo (VaR) en modelos de series financieras con relaciones de dependencia no lineal en Colombia
Authors: Triana Daniel , Torres Aponte Luis Miguel , Alba Miguel Ángel , Pineda Ríos Wilmer
Published: September 2020

El Valor en Riesgo (VaR), se define como la máxima perdida que se puede tener en la inversión de un portafolio con un determinado nivel de confianza, en un periodo determinado, en condiciones normales del mercado. Para calcularlo, existen diversas herramientas paramétricas y no paramétricas que se fundamentan en el supuesto de que los rendimientos de los activos siguen una distribución de probabilidad (con frecuencia la distribución Normal). Por su parte las copulas, vistas como funciones de distribución multivariadas, capturan las relaciones de dependencia diferentes a las lineales, ayudando a condensar la volatilidad de los activos multivariados que usualmente presentan comportamientos complejos de dependencia. Este trabajo presenta la implementación de la teoría de copulas bajo estándares del paradigma bayesiano con el objetivo de obtener la distribución de probabilidad que permita una correcta estimación del VaR de un portafolio comprendido por las acciones de Bancolombia y Ecopetrol.
La Ley Sarbanes-Oxley y su necesidad en las entidades colombianas como solución a los casos de corrupción en temas financieros
Authors: Matallana Chilito Edwin Steven , Segura Ávila David Leornardo
Published: September 2020

La Ley Sarbanes-Oxley, firmada en Estados Unidos y que rige en este país,tiene gran importancia para las empresas que allí se dirigen por ella parasu funcionamiento y credibilidad ante otras entidades, así como para lasorganizaciones que cotizan en la Bolsa y que son reguladas por la Securitiesand Exchange Commission [SEC]3.A lo largo de este trabajo, se abordará históricamente la estructuraciónde la Ley Sarbanes-Oaxley (SOX), sus objetivos y la importancia que esta tieneen el contexto norteamericano. Así mismo, se analizarán las estructurasde regulación y las sanciones a entidades y profesionales que no cumplancon los requerimientos establecidos por dicha norma.El sentido final de este trabajo es analizar si una norma de las característicasde la SOX es necesaria en el caso colombiano, dado que en nuestropaís, los continuos casos de corrupción en empresas en las cuales losprofesionales no hacen su trabajo con responsabilidad y ética hacen quese pueda adoptar una ley como la SOX, que regule a todas las empresas deforma estricta. Para esto es necesaria, en primer lugar, la existencia de unacomisión que busque el campo de formación para los profesionales, con elfin de adoptar y poner en práctica dicha ley; en segundo lugar, es indispensableque existan sanciones que se apliquen a entidades y profesionales, estocon la finalidad de que no haya escándalos de corrupción y, por lo tanto,no se pierda la confiabilidad en estas entidades que cotizan en la Bolsa yque pertenecen a diferentes industrias.
La facultad de teología dentro de una universidad de estudios generales
Authors: Buitrago Rojas Franklin
Published: September 2020

El modelo universitario de estudio general, con el que se identifica la Universidad Santo Tomás de Colombia, recoge el ideal fundacional de la institución como universitas de conocimiento desde una concepción humanista, que da unidad y coherencia a la labor académica en las diferentes disciplinas y ciencias. La pérdida de ese ideal fundacional de universalidad perjudica no solo la vocación humanizadora del conocimiento sino el lugar de la teología dentro de la universidad como reflexión sobre la totalidad de lo real desde una tradición religiosa. Este artículo muestra cómo el modelo de estudio general busca responder a estas dos dificultades dentro del contexto de una universidad católica.
Biblia e iglesia, a la luz de la Lumen Gentium
Authors: Vergara Abril Ana Francisca
Published: September 2020

En este artículo de reflexión se presenta un acercamiento a la constitución dogmática Lumen Gentium del Concilio Vaticano II desde un horizonte bíblico, se divide en tres grandes apartados en los cuales se presentan diferentes visiones del concepto ‘iglesia’, a saber: biblia e iglesia, las imágenes bíblicas de la iglesia y de una pastoral de mera conservación a una pastoral decididamente misionera; el texto parte desde una conceptualización especializada para terminar en la labor evangelizadora y pastoral.
Planteamiento de la dignidad humana desde la teología en perspectiva de interculturalidad
Authors: Alvarado Navarrete María Alejandra
Published: September 2020

El trabajo interdisciplinar entre teología, política, estudios culturales y ética, es necesario y útil para el reconocimiento actual de las modificaciones necesarias en el estatuto epistemológico de los derechos humanos. La dignidad, eje central de este conjunto de garantías, supone la puesta al día de caminos de defensa, que aseguren que no se trata sin más de una abstracción, con la que se define a las personas de todas las nacionalidades y culturas. Sino que se trata de la encarnación de realidades cambiantes, pero con rostros concretos. La teología desde la perspectiva de la interculturalidad, se presenta como lugar de reflexión e instanciade crítica de las conservadoras y alienantes maneras de entender y vivir la dignidad desde las esferas política y ética.
Liderazgo de Directores Noveles de Latinoamérica a través de las Metáforas: Chile, Colombia y México
Authors: Aravena Felipe , Pineda-Báez Clelia , López-Gorosave Gema , García-Garduño José María
Published: September 2020

El propósito de este estudio fue comprender cómo caracterizan el ejercicio de liderazgo escolar los directores noveles cuando ejercen por primera vez el rol en el contexto latinoamericano considerando tres países: Chile, Colombia y México. Para ello fue utilizado la metáfora como herramienta analítica. Cuando los directores expresan su experiencia en el cargo a través de metáforas es posible comprender creencias, valores, teorías y paradigmas que subyacen a las visiones y prácticas de liderazgo. Esto es útil para poder comprender sus auto-concepciones sobre su rol, el sistema y también las relaciones interpersonales con otros actores educacionales. A través de una aproximación de corte cualitativo, utilizando entrevistas semi-estructuradas, los resultados indican que los directores noveles de este estudio utilizan metáforas para simbolizar las relaciones complejas con la comunidad, las familias, los sostenedores y fundamentalmente expresan las complejidades de ser director por primera vez. Las metáforas utilizadas por los directores principalmente reflejan las etapas de control y supervivencia propias de quien asume sin experiencia previa el liderazgo en una escuela. Esta investigación aporta en la región latinoamericana donde, a pesar de la cercanía geográfica y de compartir rasgos culturales relativamente similares, no se han realizado estudios comparados sobre la situación de los directores noveles.
NATIVE PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA WITH REMARKABLE PHORATE METABOLISING ABILITIES AT CONCENTRATIONS MULTI-FOLD HIGHER THAN RESIDUAL CONCENTRATION PRESENT IN SOIL
Authors: SATTIRAJU KRISHNA SUNDARI , YADAV PRATIBHA SUNDARI
Published: September 2020

Native rhizobacteria were isolated from agriculture soil and evaluated for their pesticide remediation potential. Native rhizobacterial isolates (RBI1, RBI2, RBI3 and RBI4) employed in the study exhibited high levels of tolerance towards phorate (10% CG) registering  MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) values, between 1450-2010 ppm. The isolates RBI1, RBI4 exhibited effeciency (35%-87%) to catabolise/co-metabolise phorate as sole energy (C\P) source at concentration as high as 500 ppm. FTIR analysis suggested evidence for degradtion of complex parent compound (phorate) to less complex degradtion metabolites. Disappearance of specific ester linkages in control (1025.43, 998.37 and 908.99cm-1) suggested hydrolysis of ester bonds, which is a sure indication of  organophosphate‘s degrdation. Phorate degradation by native isolate was further quantified through HPLC analysis presenting 42% degradation (within 48hrs) at concentrations 10-15 fold higher (300 ppm) as compared to residual phorate reported in soils. Current study is the very first report providing a biologically safe option of rhizoremediation to degrade higher concentrations of persistent phorate residues, at concentrations rarely explored thus far. Thus the study provides substantial evidence regarding the potential of rhizobacterial isolates to be developed as bioinoculants and applied for accelerated remediation of toxic phorate residues.
SUPPLEMENTAL METHIONINE, CHOLINE, OR TAURINE AFFECT GALECTIN GENE EXPRESSION IN ADULT HOLSTEIN COW AND NEONATAL HOLSTEIN CALF NEUTROPHILS IN VITRO
Authors: Worku Mulumebet , Asiamah Emmanuel K , Vailati-Riboni Mario , Loor Juan J , Won Kang Hye
Published: September 2020

The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of methyl donor supplementation on mRNA expression of galectin genes in cow and calf neutrophils in vitro. Galectins play a crucial role in homeostasis and disease regulation. Ten adult Holstein cows and five neonatal Holstein calves (3 wk. old) were used for isolation and in vitro culture of neutrophils. Neutrophils isolated from the adult cows were divided into two groups. Neutrophils from Group 1 were incubated with three concentrations of Lysine (Lys) to Met ratios of (3.6:1, 2.9:1, or 2.4:1). Neutrophils from Group 2 were also incubated with three concentrations of Lys to Met ratios and 50 μg /mL of LPS. Isolated neutrophils from calves were incubated with Met, Choline, and Taurine (37 °C, with 5% CO2 or 4 hours). Met did not affect LGALS expression in Group 1 cows.
In Group 2, however, relative mRNA expression of LGALS9 was higher in neutrophils treated with 3.6 Lys: Met and 2.9 Lys: Met concentrations compared to 2.4 Lys: Met (0.33, 0.36 and 0.16 respectively) (P<0.05).  A Met X LPS interaction was also observed in regard to the expression of LGALS8. LGALS8 transcription decreased when neutrophils were treated with LPS at 3.6 Lys: Met (No LPS=0.89 LPS= 0.56) (P<0.05). On the contrary, LGALS8 expression increased at 2.9 Lys: Met in the presence of LPS (No LPS=0.52 LPS= 1.95)(P<0.05). Treatment with LPS alone increased the expression of LGALS4 (P<0.05) and tended to increase LGALS12 (P<0.10) compared to control.
In calves, LGALS-2, -7, and -9 were undetected. LGALS-1, -3, - 4, -8, and -12 were all reduced in neutrophils treated with 2.4 and 2.6 Lys: Met compared to 3.6 Lys: Met. Increasing Choline concentration tended to reduce LGALS1 (P<0.05) but reduced LGALS8 (P<0.05). Increasing taurine reduced LGALS1 and tended to reduce LGALS12. These results shed light on the modulation of galectin expression in cow and calf neutrophils in response to methyl donors.
The Effectiveness of Technical Guidance for Entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises in Facing Halal Certification
Authors: Siska Siska , Rahmi Hanifah , Situmorang Almawati
Published: September 2020

Indonesia is the largest Muslim population country in the world, so the market demand for halal products is enormous. However, in fact, there are not many business actors who submit and have halal certificates, especially in small and medium enterprises. This problem can be due to lack of information and sufficient understanding to apply for a halal certificate. The aim of the research is to give technical guidance for preparing halal certification process. The manual method is used to provide training on the halal guarantee system for the preparation of the halal assurance system (HAS). The workshop began with a pre-test and then the presentation of halal assurance system material, the guidance on how to prepare and discussion. All the activities were done by online (WhatsApp group and zoom meeting). The training ended with the post-test to assess the improvement of knowledge of the. To analyze the difference, we used a paired T-test statistical method. The result of this research shows an increasing understanding of participants (p<0,05) through the comparison between before and after training. These activities conclude that the practice of technical guidance for facing halal certification is beneficial for small and medium enterprises in improving knowledge and capability of the halal certification process.
Halal Politics Role in the Fight against Vote-Buying and Hoaxes
Authors: Septiadi Muhammad Andi , Joharudin Agus , Lestari Nadia Ginan , Fajri Rully Reinali , Khendra Muhammad
Published: September 2020

During the election year, political candidates apply different strategies to win the election. Some candidates resort to spreading hoaxes and vote-buying. This phenomenon has become a trouble for the country as there will be severe repercussions. Halal politics is a new concept that needs to be studied. It aims to reduce or even eradicate hoax spreading and vote-buying. It also hopes to provide a further reference in political activities for both politicians and people generally. This study used qualitative literature study and thematic interpretation to collect data that are related to halal politics. The sources of the data are study results, Quran, and scholar Quran interpretation. The study concludes that halal politics implementation depends on heavily on people's active participation in preventing and stopping hoaxes and vote-buying. Furthermore, with the increase in society's political literacy, political candidates will change their strategy for the better.
Association between preoperative potential sarcopenia and survival of cancer patients undergoing major surgical procedures
Authors: BEHNE THAYSE EMANUELLI GODOY , DOCK-NASIMENTO DIANA BORGES , SIERRA JESSIKA CADAVID , RODRIGUES HADASSA HILLARY NOVAES PEREIRA , PALAURO MARISTELA LUFT , ANDREO FRANCILENE OLIVEIRA , SILVA-THE MARIANA BORGES , DE-AGUILAR-NASCIMENTO JOSÉ EDUARDO
Published: September 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the impact of probable sarcopenia (PS) on the survival of oncological patients submitted to major surgeries. Method: prospective cohort bicentrical study enrolling adult oncological patients submitted to major surgeries at Cancer Hospital and Santa Casa de Misericordia in Cuiabá-MT. The main endpoint was the verification of postoperative death. Demographic and clinical data was collected. PS was defined as the presence of 1) sarcopenia risk assessed by SARC-F questionnaire and 2) low muscle strength measured by dynamometry. The cumulative mortality rate was calculated for patients with either PS or non PS using Kaplan Meier curve. The univariate and multivariate Cox regression model was used to evaluate the association of mortality with various investigated confounding variables. Results: a total of 220 patients with a mean (SD) age of 58.7±14.0 years old, 60.5% males participated of the study. Patients with PS had higher risk to postoperative death (RR=5.35 95%CI 1.95-14.66; p=0,001) and for infectious complications (RR=2.45 95%CI 1.12-5.33; p=0.036). The 60 days mean survival was shorter for patients with PS: 44 (IQR=32-37) vs 58 (IQR=56-59) days (log rank <0,001). The Cox multivariate regression showed that PS was an independent risk factor (HR=5.8 95%CI 1.49-22.58; p=0.011) for mortality. Conclusion: patients bearing PS submitted to major oncological surgery have less probability of short term survival and preoperative PS is an independent risk for postoperative mortality.
A COORDENAÇÃO DE ESFORÇOS COLETIVOS PARA ENFRENTAR A PANDEMIA DO NOVO CORONAVÍRUS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE O HACKATHON HACK FOR BRAZIL | COVID-19
Authors: Verschoore Jorge Renato
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Este artigo se alinha aos esforços da comunidade acadêmica para lidar com as consequências da Covid-19. O estudo se debruça sobre a iniciativa Hack for Brazil, hackathon cívico que reuniu mais de mil participantes para investigar como a coordenação de esforços coletivos é realizada em contextos de grande escala e intenso dinamismo. Alicerçado nos fundamentos da microcoordenação de redes, o artigo analisou cinco construtos: papéis, perfis, envolvimento, interação e alinhamento. As evidências foram coletadas por meio de documentos, entrevistas individuais e de um grupo focal com participantes do hackathon. Os resultados evidenciaram que a microcoordenação de redes assume uma característica adaptativa e emergente em hackathons de grandes proporções. O intenso dinamismo impede o fortalecimento de vínculos sociais e dificulta a interação e o envolvimento dos participantes. A grande escala amplia a heterogeneidade de perfis e possibilita que papéis de coordenação sejam assumidos organicamente pelos participantes. O alinhamento ocorre no calor das decisões, requerendo a formalização de normas para reforçar a assertividade dos participantes. O estudo trouxe contribuições às práticas empregadas pelos promotores de hackathons ao destacar os construtos que afetam sua implementação e replicação. Ao final, o estudo aponta janelas de oportunidades para investigações da microcoordenação de redes em contextos dinâmicos.
ATRIBUTOS DE TRANSAÇÃO E PRESSUPOSTOS COMPORTAMENTAIS À LUZ DA TEORIA DO CUSTO DE TRANSAÇÃO ECONÔMICA: ESTUDO MULTICASO NO SEGMENTO SALINEIRO DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Authors: Bezerra Antônio Elano Firmino , Sales Luciana Batista , Oliveira Adriana Martins de , Moreira Caritsa Scartaty
Published: September 2020

RESUMO Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e relacionar os atributos de transação e os pressupostos comportamentais à luz da teoria do custo de transação econômica, no segmento salineiro do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa, exploratória, descritiva e recorte temporal transversal. Foi desenvolvido um estudo multicaso em três empresas por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas junto aos gestores responsáveis pelas compras. As entrevistas foram transcritas e importadas para o software Atlas.ti 8.2. Após a codificação, os códigos foram classificados em grupos para depois gerar as famílias e as redes. Os achados mostraram que existe a incidência de especificidade de ativos: Locacional, Físico, Dedicados, Humanos, Marca e Temporal, favorecendo a frequência das transações, representada pela continuidade das relações com os fornecedores, o que gera redução da racionalidade limitada dos agentes envolvidos e, por consequência, diminuição da incerteza e inibição do comportamento oportunista. Tal fato ocorre em virtude da recorrência das relações entre as salinas e os seus fornecedores, o que proporciona confiança e segurança entre as partes. Percebeu-se que o fator de maior influência, na redução dos custos de transação, para o setor salineiro, é a frequência decorrente da própria especificidade de ativos.