bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding Organic Nonpoint‐Source Pollution in Watersheds via Pollutant Indicators, Disinfection By‐Product Precursor Predictors, and Composition of Dissolved Organic Matter
Authors: Zhang Yixiang , Liang Xinqiang
Published: December 2018

The analytical techniques and instrumentation used to assess agricultural and rural nonpoint‐source organic pollution loading are usually complex and expensive. There has been a strong demand for alternative methodologies to determine the presence and composition of organic pollutants and to predict their levels. In the current work, we investigated a simple and inexpensive approach combining excitation–emission matrix and support vector machine that measures pollution and predicts the levels of precursors to disinfection by‐products, which are organic pollutants derived from agricultural and rural nonpoint sources in small watersheds. Through parallel factor analysis, a four‐component model was developed to explain the composition of dissolved organic matter in water impacted by nonpoint‐source pollution. Support vector classification and support vector regression with model components can use fluorescence properties as proxy indicators for nonpoint‐source pollution. When the model components are used as input variables, formation potential of disinfection by‐products can be predicted. This method provides water utilities managers with tools to control pollution, supervise aquatic environments, and ensure the safety of drinking water.

Core Ideas

Parallel factor (PARAFAC) components are indicators of nonpoint‐source pollution.

PARAFAC components can predict disinfection by‐product (DBP) formation potential (FP).

Correlation among DBP FPs and PARAFAC components was visualized by ordination diagram.

Effects on FPs across PARAFAC components were visualized by ordination diagram.

Humic‐ and protein‐like substances were origins of organic nonpoint‐source pollution.
Nutrient, Metal, and Organics Removal from Stormwater Using a Range of Bioretention Soil Mixtures
Authors: Jay Julia G. , Tyler‐Plog Megan , Brown Sally L. , Grothkopp Fritz
Published: December 2018

A column study was conducted to test the ability of bioretention soil mixtures (BSMs) to remove nutrients, metals, and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from stormwater collected from an urban highway. Infiltration rate, plant growth response, and turbidity of the effluent were also measured. The BSMs were made from a range of types and rates of composts and additional materials such as water treatment residuals, sawdust, and oyster shells. Sand was used as a control. Total N and P in stormwater measured 1.8 ± 1 and 0.08 ± 0.03 mg L−1. All treatments were a source of these nutrients. Metal concentrations in the stormwater were low, with mean Cu and Zn concentrations of 39.8 ± 19.1 and 173 ± 113 μg L−1, and Cd and Pb close to detection limits. All treatments absorbed Cu and Zn from stormwater with varying levels of removal efficiency. The three treatments tested removed 84 to 100% of the PAHs from the stormwater. In general, contaminant removal (N, P, and Zn) efficiency was not related to infiltration rate, with a slight decrease in Cu removal efficiency observed with increased infiltration rate (R2 = 0.32). These results indicate that the BSMs tested were a source of nutrients but were generally effective at removing metals and PAHs from stormwater.

Core Ideas

A wide range of bioretention soil mixtures were tested for their ability to remove contaminants from stormwater.

No single bioretention soil mixture outperformed others across all categories.

Retention time was generally not related to contaminant removal efficiency.
Gypsum Amendment Reduces Redox‐Induced Phosphorous Release from Freshly Manured, Flooded Soils to Floodwater
Authors: Dharmakeerthi Randombage S. , Kumaragamage Darshani , Indraratne Srimathie P. , Goltz Doug
Published: December 2018

The effectiveness of gypsum in reducing runoff P losses from soils and the mechanisms responsible are well documented; however, gypsum amendment effects in reducing redox‐induced P losses from flooded soils are less researched and documented. We examined the effect of gypsum amendment on P release from freshly manured soils to pore water and floodwater with continuous flooding for 56 d in the laboratory. Three soils (Pembina, Denham, and Dencross series) collected from Manitoba, Canada, were preincubated with liquid swine manure. Each preincubated manured soil was packed into vessels with or without recycled wallboard gypsum in triplicates and flooded for 56 d, during which pore water and floodwater were sampled weekly and analyzed for pH and dissolved reactive P (DRP), Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn concentrations. Change in soil redox potential (Eh) with flooding was also monitored. Wallboard gypsum amendment significantly decreased the pore water and surface floodwater DRP concentrations in all three soils for most days after flooding (DAF). The Dencross soil, which had Olsen P about fivefold greater than the other soils, showed the greatest magnitude decrease in DRP concentration with gypsum amendment, by 1.27 mg L−1 on 49 DAF and 0.99 mg L−1 on 21 DAF for pore water and floodwater, respectively. Gypsum amendment (i) delayed the Eh reduction with flooding beyond +200 mV, (ii) decreased pore water pH, and (iii) increased concentrations of Ca, Mg, and Mn in pore water favoring precipitation of P, all of which may have directly or indirectly reduced the P release from flooded soils to overlying floodwater.

Core Ideas

Floodwater P concentration increased with flooding time in all soils and treatments.

Redox‐induced P release was less from gypsum‐amended than unamended soils.

Gypsum amendment reduced both pore water and floodwater P concentrations.

Adding gypsum reduced floodwater P concentration to a maximum of 57%.

The effectiveness of gypsum in reducing P release from flooded soils is soil dependent.
Evaluation of Nutrisphere‐N as an Inhibitor of Urease in Soils with pH Values Near Five
Authors: Goos R. Jay
Published: December 2018

Core Ideas

A recent paper showed that Nutrisphere‐N inhibits purified urease at pH 5.0.

Nutrisphere‐N was tested as a urease inhibitor with soils near pH 5.0.

Nutrisphere‐N did not inhibit urease activity in soils near pH 5.0.

Nutrisphere‐N is a maleic‐itaconic polymer (MIP) marketed as a soil urease inhibitor. Recently, it was shown that the MIP in Nutrisphere‐N was able to inhibit purified urease at a pH of 5.0. Furthermore, Ni was removed from purified urease by MIP at a pH of 5.0. The objective of this study was to determine if these findings with purified urease at pH 5.0 could be replicated with soils with pH values near 5.0. Three soils with pH values of 4.5, 5.2, and 5.7 were incubated with 5 μg g–1ofN‐(n‐butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) as Agrotain Ultra, and 5 and 50 μg g–1of MIP as Nutrisphere‐N. The inhibitors were allowed to react with the soil for 1 d before application of urea (sequential application) or applied at the same time as urea (simultaneous application). For the sequential application, 5 μg g–1of NBPT as Agrotain Ultra inhibited soil urease activity by 49%, versus –3 and –1% for 5 and 50 μg g–1of MIP as Nutrisphere‐N (average of three soils). For the simultaneous application, averaged across the three soils, 5 μg g–1of NBPT inhibited soil urease activity by 59%, versus –1 and −4% for 5 and 50 μg g–1of MIP. The observation that MIP inhibits purified urease at a pH of 5.0 could not be repeated with soils with pH values near 5.0. It remains to be demonstrated that Nutrisphere‐N functions as a soil urease inhibitor at the concentrations likely to be applied to soil.
Professor Odo Bujwid - from medicine to veterinary medicine
Authors: SOBOLEWSKI JAROSŁAW
Published: December 2018

Prof. Odo Bujwid was one of the pioneers of microbiology, prophylaxis and hygiene as well as the precursor of the fight against zoonoses. He was a student of Robert Koch and Luis Pasteur. He propagated the discoveries of these scientists in Poland. In 1885 he established the first bacteriological laboratory in Poland (Warsaw, Wilcza 12). In 1886 he opened a branch of Pasteur’s Institute in Warsaw (the first outside Paris). Following the ideas of Koch he produced a new product, which he called tuberculin and introduced it to the diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle. He produced many sera and vaccines for medicine and veterinary medicine In the history of medicine and veterinary he enrolled as a pioneer of Polish bacteriology and creator of the biomedical and bioveterinary industries.
New Hydrazide-hydrazone Derivatives of Quinoline 3-Carboxylic Acid Hydrazide: Synthesis, Theoretical Modeling and Antibacterial Evaluation
Authors: Shabeeb Ihsan , Al-Essa Luay , Shtaiwi Majed , Al-Shalabi Eveen , Younes Eyad , Okasha Rouzi , Abu Sini Mohammad
Published: December 2018

A series of biologically active 3-quinoline carboxylic acid hydrazide-hydrazones has been synthesized from 3-quinoline carboxylic acid hydrazide and a variety of aldehydes, with moderate to good yields. The chemical structures of the new products were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, and 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectral data. The structural and frontier molecular orbital (FMO) properties and the density functional theory (DFT) calculations were conducted for the new compounds. The new hydrazide-hydrazones exhibited low to moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Esherichia coli in comparison with gentamycin. Among the tested compounds, compounds 9 and 13 were found to be the most active. Phthalimide derivative 2 of 3-quioline carboxylic acid hydrazide showed remarkable antibacterial activity.
Synthesis and SAR Study of Simple Aryl Oximes and Nitrofuranyl Derivatives with Potent Activity Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: da Costa Cristiane França , de Souza Marcus Vinicius Nora , da Silva Lourenço Maria Cristina , Coimbra Elaine Soares , da Silva Lourenço Carvalho Guilherme , Wardell James , Calixto Stephane Lima , da Trindade Granato Juliana
Published: December 2018

Background:

Oximes and nitrofuranyl derivatives are particularly important compounds
in medicinal chemistry. Thus, many researchers have been reported to possess antibacterial,
antiparasitic, insecticidal and fungicidal activities.

Methods:

In this work, we report the synthesis and the biological activity against Mycobacterium
tuberculosis H37RV of a series of fifty aryl oximes, ArCH=N-OH, I, and eight nitrofuranyl compounds,
2-nitrofuranyl-X, II.

Results:

Among the oximes, I: Ar = 2-OH-4-OH, 42, and I: Ar = 5-nitrofuranyl, 46, possessed the
best activity at 3.74 and 32.0 µM, respectively. Also, 46, the nitrofuran compounds, II; X = MeO,
55, and II: X = NHCH2Ph, 58, (14.6 and 12.6 µM, respectively), exhibited excellent biological activities
and were non-cytotoxic.

Conclusion:

The compound 55 showed a selectivity index of 9.85. Further antibacterial tests were
performed with compound 55 which was inactive against Enterococcus faecalis, Klebisiella
pneumonae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhymurium and Shigella
flexneri. This study adds important information to the rational design of new lead anti-TB drugs.
Structure-activity Relationship (SAR) is reported.
Age-related Trends in Adults with Urinary Tract Infections Presenting to the Emergency Department: A 5-Year Experience
Authors: Cardone Silvia , Petruzziello Carmine , Migneco Alessio , Fiori Barbara , Spanu Teresa , D'Inzeo Tiziana , Franceschi Francesco , Ojetti Veronica
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections,
affecting 150 million people worldwide each year. Importantly, the incidence of UTI increases
markedly with age. The increasing resistance to empirically prescribed antimicrobial agents complicates
the management of this disease. This makes UTI an important issue in increasingly aging population
and updated epidemiological investigation is advisable.

:

To understand the epidemiological variation in UTI resistance patterns among differently aged populations,
we conducted a retrospective study among patients presenting to the emergency department
(ED) of a large tertiary-care hospital in Italy during January 2013 and June 2017.

Methods:

1281 patients who presented with UTI symptoms to the ED, were stratified into four age
categories: young adults (18-44 years old;), adults (45-64), the elderly (65-84), and the oldest old (≥
85). Inclusion criteria were urine collected in ED patients with UTI symptoms and first positive culture
from one given patient in a given year.

Results:

362 (28.2%) patients had a urine culture with positive result, leading to a total of 459 germs
isolated, stratified into four categories: young adults (58 isolates, 12.6%), adults (98, 21.4%), the elderly
(174, 37.9%), and the oldest old (129, 28.1%).

:

Escherichia coli represents the 60% of all monomicrobial infections, followed in frequency by Klebsiella
pneumoniae (15%), and Enterococcus faecalis (5%). The other 20% of the infections are
caused by various germs.

:

The most common association of germs in polymicrobial is E. coli + E. faecalis, accounting for the
28% of all infections.

:

Overall, we found a peak of susceptibility to amoxicillin (AMX) in the oldest old ( 81%),
significantly higher compared to young adults (54%), adults (47%) and elderly (35%) (p<0,001).

:

For ciprofloxacin (CIP) there is a greater susceptibility in the young adult (55.5%), but not so marked
compared to the other three groups; for fosfomicin (FOS) the susceptibility was greater in the group
of adults (60%) compared to young adults, elderly and the oldest old. Also for trimethoprim/
sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) we found greater susceptibility in the adult group (60%), followed by
the oldest old (57,6%), young adults (49%) and elderly (47%).

Conclusion:

Age-related differences in antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms were evident for
adults with UTI, and could potentially contribute to the risk of inappropriate empirical therapy in elderly
patients. Thus, different empirical antimicrobial regimens should be considered for distinct age
groups.
The Effect of Physical Cues on the Stem Cell Differentiation
Authors: Moghaddam Mehrdad M. , Bonakdar Shahin , Shariatpanahi Mona R. , Shokrgozar Mohammad A. , Faghihi Shahab
Published: December 2018

Development of multicellular organisms is a very complex and organized process during which cells respond to various factors and features in extracellular environments. It has been demonstrated that during embryonic evolvement, under certain physiological or experimental conditions, unspecialized cells or stem cells can be induced to become tissue or organ-specific cells with special functions. Considering the importance of physical cues in stem cell fate, the present study reviews the role of physical factors in stem cells differentiation and discusses the molecular mechanisms associated with these factors.
Detrimental Impact of Interferon-Based Regimens for Chronic Hepatitis C on Vitamin D/Parathyroid Hormone Homeostasis
Authors: Salmi Livia , Barbaglia Matteo Nazzareno , Smirne Carlo , Bianco Sara , Guaschino Giulia , Crobu Maria Grazia Stella , Minisini Rosalba , Pirisi Mario
Published: December 2018

Background:

Both the anti-infective and anti-inflammatory properties of vitamin D, an essential hormone of calcium homeostasis, have ample support in the literature. The high rates of vitamin D deficiency among patients with chronic hepatitis C are also well known. That supplementation with vitamin D may boost sustained viral response rates in vitamin D deficient, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients undergoing Interferon-alpha (IFN) treatment, on the other hand, is controversial. Surprisingly, studies considering in this latter setting what are the effects of IFN treatment (with or without vitamin D supplementation) on the other major regulator of mineral metabolism, i.e. the Parathyroid hormone (PTH), are lacking.

Aim:

Evaluate the impact of interferon-based treatment against HCV (±cholecalciferol supplementation) on vitamin D and PTH homeostasis.

Methods:

A series of 40 consecutive patients received pegylated IFN plus ribavirin to treat chronic hepatitis C. At the discretion of their physician, some of them (N. = 27) received vitamin D supplementation while others did not (N. = 13). All had measured plasma 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and PTH concentrations at baseline, at completion of the 4th (TW4) and 12th treatment week (TW12) and at 24 weeks after the end of therapy (SVR24).

Results:

Plasma PTH concentration increased significantly from baseline during treatment, raising to 44.8 [30.7-57.2] pg/mL at TW4 (p=0.01), 47.0 [37.1-63.2] pg/mL at TW12 (p=0.006) to return to baseline levels in the follow-up (34.5 [27.6-43.0]; p=0.16). The proportion of patients who satisfied criteria for hyperparathyroidism was higher at TW12 (N=10, 25%) than at TW4 (N=6, 15%). There was no statistical correlation between vitamin D and PTH blood levels (ρ=-0.07; p=0.65).

Conclusion:

An increase in plasma PTH occurs systematically during IFN treatment of HCV patients and cannot be prevented by vitamin D supplementation.
Efficient Micromixing for Continuous Biodiesel Production from Jatropha Oil
Authors: Mohammed Waleed S. , El-Shazly Ahmed H. , Elkady Marwa F. , Ohshima Masahiro
Published: December 2018

Introduction:

The utilization of biodiesel as an alternative fuel is turning out to be progressively famous these days because of worldwide energy deficiency. The enthusiasm for utilizing Jatropha as a non-edible oil feedstock is quickly developing. The performance of the base catalyzed methanolysis reaction could be improved by a continuous process through a microreactor in view of the high mass transfer coefficient of this technique.

Materials & Methods:

Nanozirconium tungstovanadate, which was synthetized using sol-gel preparation method, was utilized in a complementary step for biodiesel production process. The prepared material has an average diameter of 0.066 &µm.

Results:

First, the NaOH catalyzed methanolysis of Jatropha oil was investigated in a continuous microreactor, and the efficient mixing over different mixers and its impact on the biodiesel yield were studied under varied conditions. Second, the effect of adding the nanocatalyst as a second stage was investigated.

Conclusion:

The maximum percentage of produced methyl esters from Jatropha oil was 98.1% using a methanol/Jatropha oil molar ratio of 11 within 94 s using 1% NaOH at 60 &°C. The same maximum conversion ratio was recorded with the nanocatalyst via only 0.3% NaOH.
Web Service Composition in Cloud: A Fuzzy Rule Model
Authors: Alhadithy Hussien , Al-Shargabi Bassam
Published: December 2018

Background:

Cloud Computing has drawn much attention in the industry due to its costefficient schema along with more prospects, such as elasticity and scalability nature of Cloud Computing. One of the main service models of a Cloud is software as a service, where many web services are published and hosted in the Cloud environment. Many web services offered in a Cloud have similar functionality, with different of characteristics non-functional requirements such as Quality of Service (QoS). In addition, as individual web services are limited in their capability. Therefore, there is a need for composing existing services to create new functionality in the form of composite service to fulfill the requirements of Cloud user for certain processes.

Methods:

This paper introduces a fuzzy rule approach to compose web service based on QoS from different Cloud Computing providers. The fuzzy rule is generated based on QoS of discovered web service from Cloud in order to compose web services that only match user requirements. The proposed model is based on an agent that is responsible for discovering and composing web service that only stratified user requirements.

Results:

the experimental result shows that the proposed model is efficient in terms of time and the use of fuzzy rules to compose web services from different Cloud providers under different specifications and configurations of Cloud Computing environment.

Conclusion:

In this paper, an agent-based model was proposed to compose web services based on fuzzy rule in Cloud environment. The agent is responsible for discovering web services and generating composition plans based on offered QoS for each web service. The agent employs a set of fuzzy rules to carry out an intelligent selection to select the best composition plan that fulfills the requirements of the end user. The model was implemented on CloudSim to ensure the validity of the proposed model and performance time analysis was performed that showed good result in terms of time with regard to the Cloud Computing configuration.
Asymmetric Direct Aldol Reaction Catalyzed by (1R, 2R)-(+)-1, 2- Diammonium Cyclohexane-L-tartrate in Water
Authors: Mondal Anirban , Bhowmick Kartick Chandra
Published: December 2018

Background:

A cheap and commercially available organocatalyst, (1R, 2R)-(+)-1, 2-
diammonium cyclohexane-L-tartrate 1 was applied in direct aldol reaction in water. The organocatalyst
1 afforded aldol products from cyclohexanone and substituted aromatic aldehydes with high
yield (up to 90%) and good stereoselectivity (up to 99% ee and up to 11.5:1 dr) in large volume of
water (10 ml).

Methods:

The same aldol reaction when carried out in the presence of more expensive organocatalyst
e.g. (1R, 2R)-(+)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and 1,6-hexanediaoic acid as acid additive furnished the
aldol products with only 20% yield, 2:1 anti/syn ratio and 92% ee.

Results and Conclusion:

In summary, we have applied a reasonably cheap and commercially available
organocatalyst 1 for highly enantioselective direct aldol reaction in water at room temperature.
Paridade participativa no Estado de Direito Ecológico: a negação de reconhecimento aos povos indígenas no caso Belo Monte
Authors: Silveira Paula Galbiatti
Published: December 2018

RESUMO:O objetivo do presente artigo é estudar a justiça ambiental como objetivo do Estado de Direito Ecológico, justiça essa incluindo o conceito de paridade participativa como elemento do reconhecimento, a partir do estudo do caso da Usina Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte. Especificamente, objetiva-se compreender a teoria do Estado de Direito Ecológico e a justiça ambiental como seu objetivo, com o método dedutivo e a técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, cujo documento é a Declaração Mundial para o Estado de Direito Ambiental. Em seguida, busca-se discutir o conceito de justiça ambiental, a partir da teoria do reconhecimento de Honneth e de sua crítica feita por Fraser com o conceito de paridade participativa. Para tanto, utiliza-se da técnica de revisão bibliográfica, utilizando-se dos próprios termos trazidos pelos autores em citação direta. Por fim, estuda-se o caso de Belo Monte, em um relatório sucinto de como foi seu processo de construção, discussão e licenciamento ambiental, com foco no desrespeito aos povos indígenas, em um verdadeiro contexto de não-reconhecimento e de, portanto, grave injustiça ambiental por negativa de paridade participativa.  ABSTRACT:The aim of this article is to study the environmental justice as an objective of the Ecological State of Law, including the concept of participatory parity as an element of recognition, based on the case study of the Belo Monte hydropower plant. Specifically, the objective is to understand the theory of the Ecological State of Law and environmental justice as its objective, with the deductive method and the bibliographical and documentary research technique, whose document is the World Declaration for the State of Environmental Law. Then, it discussed the concept of environmental justice, based on the theory of recognition of Honneth and his criticism made by Fraser with the concept of participatory parity. For this, it is used the technique of bibliographical revision, using the direct citation. Finally, the case of Belo Monte is studied in a succinct report of its construction process, discussion and environmental licensing, with a focus on disrespect of indigenous peoples, in a true context of non-recognition and, therefore, serious environmental injustice due to negative parity.
Racionalidade jurídica crítico-libertadora e direitos humanos ante horizontes autoritários contemporâneos
Authors: Venturi Eliseu Raphael
Published: December 2018

RESUMO: O objeto do artigo consiste na investigação dos elementos de uma possível racionalidade jurídica crítico-libertadora, segundo construção teórica do filósofo do direito paranaense Celso Luiz Ludwig. Recorre-se, para tanto, a alguns pressupostos teóricos da teoria, abrindo-se algumas interfaces, em especial, com o pensamento do filósofo argentino Enrique Dussel, que fundamenta em peso aquela teoria, de modo a se contemporizar compreensões em torno as condições de possibilidade da vida humana com o potencial de construção hermenêutica e argumentativa no Direito. Tal conjunto filosófico expõe uma visão de mundo especificamente urgente em tempos de horizontes autoritários na política e no direito contemporâneos, afirmando-se, assim, posturas democráticas e afins ao Direito Internacional dos Direitos Humanos. Trata-se de pesquisa com metodologia bibliográfica e conceitual, enfocando construções teóricas e suas influências em âmbito hermenêutico e argumentativo. ABSTRACT:The article focuses on a possible “critical-emancipatory legal rationality”, according to Celso Ludwig’s theoretical construction. Some theoretical relations are made, in particular, with the Enrique Dussel’s life paradigm, in order to temporize understandings around the human’s life conditions with the potential of hermeneutics and argumentative construction in Law. That philosophical set is especially important in times of authoritarian horizons in contemporary politics and law, affirming democratic positions and related to International Human Rights Law. It is a research with bibliographical and conceptual methodology, focusing theoretical constructions and its influences in hermeneutic and argumentative scope.
Justiça ambiental no direito brasileiro: fundamentos constitucionais para combater as desigualdades e discriminações ambientais
Authors: Guimarães Virginia Totti
Published: December 2018

RESUMO:Partindo-se das constatações de situações de injustiça e racismo ambiental, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar os fundamentos constitucionais para o combate das desigualdades e discriminações ambientais. Esse modelo não democrático de distribuição de poluição e de recursos naturais afronta diretamente à Constituição Federal brasileira de 1988 que se pauta, sobretudo, no direito fundamental ao meio ambiente equilibrado, além de outros direitos fundamentais como a saúde e dos trabalhadores, bem como nos objetivos gerais de solidariedade, erradicação da pobreza e da marginalização social e redução das desigualdades sociais e regionais. O princípio da solidariedade deve conduzir à igualdade substancial e justiça social, não somente entre a geração atual e as futuras (equidade geracional) mas dentro da mesma geração (justiça ambiental). Por fim, das próprias características do meio ambiente, enquanto bem autônomo, de natureza difusa, de titularidade da sociedade, decorre que cabe ao Estado atuar obrigatoriamente, de não dispor de algo que não lhe pertence e nunca adotar políticas públicas que provoquem o acirramento de desigualdades e discriminações sociais e, especificamente, o racismo.  ABSTRACT:From findings of situations of injustice and environmental racism, this paper aims to analyze the constitutional grounds to fight the environmental inequalities and discriminations. This undemocratic model of distribution of pollution and natural resources affront directly the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, which is based, mainly, on the fundamental right to the balanced environment, besides other fundamental rights, like health worker rights, as well as the general goals of solidarity, eradication of poverty, social marginalization and reduction of the social and regional inequalities. The principle of the solidarity should conduct to the substantial equality and social justice, not only between the current and the future generations (generational equity), but in the same generation (environmental justice). Lastly, from own characteristics of the environment, as an autonomous good, of a pervasive nature, of society ownership, we can conclude that is a responsibility of the Government, mandatorily, does not dispose of something that does not belong to it and never adopt public policies that cause the increase of social inequalities and discriminations and, specifically, the racism.
Biologia, direito, perspectiva queer e intersexualidade
Authors: Gontijo Fabiano
Published: December 2018

RESUMO:Partindo da narrativa biográfica de uma estudante de Santarém, no estado do Pará, Brasil, da literatura bioantropológica e bioarqueológica sobre dimorfismo sexual e da perspectiva queer, ponderaremos sobre a necessidade de se rever os sistemas representacionais médico-científico e jurídico-normativo.ABSTRACT:Based on the biographical narrative of a student from Santarém, in the State of Pará, Brazil, on the bioanthropological and bioarchaeological bibliography on sexual dimorphism, and on queer perspective, we will consider the need to review the medical-scientific and the legal-normative representational systems.
Самостоятельное использование лекарств пациентом: польза и риск
Authors: Zurdinov A.
Published: December 2018

В статье рассматриваются вопросы эффективности и безопасности самолечения населения в Кыргызстане, обсуждаются меры государственного регулирования отпуска лекарств в аптеках, повышения информированности населения в вопросах самолечения, совершенствования подготовки фармацевтов в ВУЗе.
Хронический рубцовый стеноз гортани у детей
Authors: Kosakovskyi A.
Published: December 2018

Авторами обследовано и пролечено 148 детей в возрасте от 1 до 15 лет с хроническим рубцовым стенозом гортани, 124 из них были дети-кануляры. Стеноз гортани имел место у 75,4% больных, атрезия (стеноз IV степени) гортани – у 24,6%. Охриплость голоса наблюдалась у 16,9% детей со стенозом гортани, а его утрата – у всех пациентов с атрезией гортани. У 11% детей с хроническим рубцовым стенозом гортани и шейного отдела трахеи имеет место нарушение глотания. Для удаления рубцов использовали как традиционные хирургические инструменты, так и электросварочные технологии. Восстановление дыхательной и голосовой функции после однократного вмешательства на гортани наступило у 104 (83,9%) детей-канюленосителей. У 20 (16,1%) пациентов деканюляцию выполнено после повторных пластических операций на гортани. Непосредственно после лечения разделительная функция гортани возобновилась у 12 из 16 детей.
Питання профілактики та лікування захворювань пародонта у вагітни
Authors: Shekera. O. , Shekera I.
Published: December 2018

Представлено аналіз літературних джерел щодо способів профілактики та методів лікування захворювань пародонта у вагітних. Обгрунтовано актуальність подальшого вивчення даного питання.
Особливості формування стану здоров’я та психофізіологічного розвитку дітей в умовах техногенного навантаження
Authors: Berzin W. , Stelmahiwska V. , Martynenko J.
Published: December 2018

Стаття містить результати досліджень психофізіологічного розвитку та стану здоров’я дітей, що перебувають в дитячих дошкільних установах. Оцінка рівня і вікових особливостей психофізіологічного розвитку та стану здоров’я дітей стає можливою за умови врахування певної сукупності взаємопов'язаних факторів, що створюють спільний симптомокомплекс. Характер і зміст показників психофізіологічного розвитку , що забезпечують готовність дитини до шкільного навчання, обумовлюються в значній мірі соціальними та екологічними характеристиками навколишнього середовища, з посеред яких атмосферне забруднення займає провідне місце.
Гигиеническая оценка значения йодированной бутиллированной воды для профилактики йододефицита у детей
Authors: Friptulyak G. , Bejenari V.
Published: December 2018

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Влияние излучения мобильного телефона на организм человек
Authors: Goncharenko M. , Kamneva T. , Melnikova A. , Chikalo T.
Published: December 2018

Исследование, проведенное на кафедре валеологии Харьковского национального университета им. В.Н. Каразина, посвящено изучению влияния электромагнитного излучения мобильного телефона на организм и проводилось параллельно по нескольким методикам с применением аппаратно-компьютерных комплексов, которые исследуют состояние организма на разных уровнях: уровне функционирования систем и органов организма, на клеточном уровне и на уровне биополя или ауры человека. Выявлено наличие негативного влияния электромагнитного излучения мобильного телефона на организм студентов.
Новий парвовірус людини та клінічні прояви захворювання, що він виклика
Authors: Dzyublyk I. , Obertynska O.
Published: December 2018

Прогрес в галузі молекулярно-генетичних технологій призвів до відкриття нового парвовірусу, що отримав назву бокавірусу людини. Перший бокавірус людини HBoV1 був виявлений та ідентифікований методом полімеразної ланцюгової реакції у хворих на пневмонію у 2005 році. Ще три бокавіруси HBoV2-4 вперше були ідентифіковані в 2009- 2010 роках. У статті представлено новітню інформацію щодо структури HBoV1-4, місця в класифікації та особливостей репродукції. Представлені шляхи передачі та особливості епідеміології бокавірусної інфекції. Наведені основні клінічні прояви бокавірусної інфекції у дітей та дорослих, методи лабораторної діагностики.
Способ определения индивидуальной носоушной линии — ключевой фактор при конструировании искуственных зубных рядов
Authors: Sadykov M. , Nesterov A. , Zinkovskaya A. , Sanososyuk N. , Emelyanov V.
Published: December 2018

Целью нашей работы явились разработка и применение нового устройства для определения индивидуальной носоушной линии на лице пациента с использованием боковой телерентгенограммы головы. Правильная постановка искусственных зубов с использованием индивидуальной носоушной линии позволяет повысить качество съемного протезирования пациентов с точки зрения эстетики и функциональной ценности.
Пути оптимизации оказания помощи респираторным пациентам в Кыргызской Республике – стратегия PAL ВОЗ
Authors: Brimkulov N. , Davletalieva N.
Published: December 2018

Представлен обзор о внедрении стратегии PAL ВОЗ в Кыргызстане. Показана эффективность внедрения стратегии PAL.
Профилактика и лечение сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний: проблема приверженности рекомендациям
Authors: Korzh A.
Published: December 2018

Под приверженностью лекарственному лечению понимается способность к началу терапии, правильному выполнению режима и постоянству в выполнении предписанной схемы дозирования. Отсутствие приверженности приводит к серьѐзным последствиям, увеличивая неблагоприятные клинические исходы и соответственно расходы в системе охраны здоровья. При этом отсутствие приверженности можно условно разделить на намеренную, когда больной не хочет выполнять врачебные рекомендации, и ненамеренную, когда несмотря на желание пациента, существуют практические проблемы в следовании рекомендациям. Продемонстрирована способность различных воздействий улучшать приверженность к лечению путѐм использования коммуникативных стратегий, таких как мотивационное интервьюирование и инструктирование, упрощение режима применения лекарственных препаратов, а также улучшение качества на системном уровне.
Иммуноглобулин G4–ассоциированное заболевание (обзор литературы)
Authors: Himion L.
Published: December 2018

В статье представлен обзор современных научных данных, касающихся IgG4-связанного заболевания и спектра ассоциированных с ним состояний.
Современные энергоинформационные технологии в решении диагностических и лечебных проблем (Сообщение второе)
Authors: Maslova M. , Kurtseitov L.
Published: December 2018

В статье приведены понятия и механизмы лечебного действия биорезонансной, мультирезонансной терапии, биорезонансной гомеопатии. Эти энергоинформационные методы терапии (ЭИТ) сложных хронических заболеваний имеют ряд преимуществ перед аллопатическими методами. Предложен рациональный алгоритм ЭИТ хронической полисистемной патологии.
Клінічне значення змін показника швидкості зсідання еритроцитів (лекція)
Authors: Vydyborets S. , Kucher O. , Sergienko O.
Published: December 2018

В лекції представлено сучасні дані щодо одного з лабораторних показників – визначення швидкості зсідання еритроцитів. Обмірковуються чинники, що можуть впливати на зміни даного показника, розглянуто основні причини відхилення його від нормальних значень. Наведено відомості про захворювання, що супроводжуються змінами показника швидкості зсідання еритроцитів.
Профілактика ендокринних захворювань
Authors: Bodnar P.
Published: December 2018

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Сучасні погляди на організацію безперервного професійного розвитку викладачів в системі медичної освіти
Authors: Voronenko Yu. , Mintser O. , Shekera O. , Krasnov V.
Published: December 2018

Проведений аналіз різних концепцій підготовки викладачів в системах медичної освіти. Показана необхідність суттєвого удосконалення принципів підготовки кадрів в освіті. Запропоновані стратегічні напрямки побудови системи підготовки викладачів медичних вищих навчальних закладів.
Інформаційне забезпечення користувачів у сфері інтелектуальної власності в Україні: принципи систематизації інформаційних ресурсів
Authors: Mosov S. , Kononenko A.
Published: December 2018

Стаття присвячена питанням систематизації інформаційних ресурсів у межах інформаційного забезпечення діяльності фізичних та юридичних осіб у сфері інтелектуальної власності в Україні.
Шляхи реформування організації надання медичної допомоги хворим на гемофілії в Україні
Authors: Moroz G. , Vydyborets S.
Published: December 2018

В статті висвітлюється стан надання медичної допомоги хворим на гемофілії в Україні. Зосереджено увагу на необхідності зміни моделі надання комплексної медичної допомоги хворим на різні порушення системи гемостазу, якісної підготовки висококваліфікованих спеціалістів в області гемостазіології. Навчально - практична програма для лікарів – гематологів, лікарів – дитячих гематологів, фізіотерапевтів та створення Київського обласного центру гемофілії є першими кроками в реформуванні надання комплексної медичної допомоги хворим на гемофілії та інші захворювання системи гемостазу.
Роль перекисного окисления липидов в патогенезе гипертонической болезни у лиц первого периода зрелости, работающих в ночное время
Authors: Zarubina Ye. , Aseeva Ye. , Turkovskyy Yu.
Published: December 2018

В статье представлен результат исследования состояния системы перекисного окисления липидов у лиц первого периода зрелости, страдающих гипертонической болезнью, длительное время работающих в ночную смену. Показано наличие нарушений деятельности системы перекисного окисления липидов (снижение активности супероксиддисмутазы, повышение содержания малонового альдегида и диеновых коньюгатов в мембранах эритроцитов) у данной группы лиц. Выявлена прямая зависимость между содержанием продуктов ПОЛ в мембранах эритроцитов, активностью супероксиддисмутазы и тяжестью течения гипертонической болезни у молодых людей, работающих в ночное время. Выраженность нарушений деятельности системы ПОЛ коррелирует с продолжительностью ночного характера труда.
Влияние фиксации центрального соотношения челюстей на качество полных сьемных протезов
Authors: Sadykov M. , Nesterov A. , Zinkivska A. , Kurochkin A.
Published: December 2018

актуальностью рассматриваемого нами вопроса является необходимость в жесткой, стабильной трехмерной фиксации нижней челюсти при полном отсутствии зубов и возможность точного воссоздания необходимой высоты нижнего отдела лица как на клинических, так и на лабораторных этапах.
Современные спорообразующие пробиотики в лечении нарушений микробиоценоза кишечника: эффективность и безопасность
Authors: Skrypnyk I. , Maslova O. , Mandryka Ya.
Published: December 2018

Приведены данные литературы, характеризующие механизмы действия, эффективность и безопасность спорообразующих бактерий, которые используются в качестве пробиотиков. Изложено влияние пробиотика-биоэнтеросептика энтерожермины, содержащей полиантибиотикорезистентные споры штамма Bacillus clausii, на нарушения микрофлоры кишечника, состояние иммунной системы. Положительными особенностями энтерожермины являются таксономическая идентификация, эффект самоэлиминации, антибиотико-резистентность, высокий профиль безопасности и возможность применения с целью профилактики побочных эффектов со стороны желудочно-кишечного тракта, обусловленных приѐмом антибиотиков и химиотерапевтических средств.
Формування здорового способу життя та медичної культури населення при профілактиці інсульту
Authors: Murashko N. , Petrivska Ye.
Published: December 2018

Профілактика цереброваскулярних захворювань включає в себе систему виховних, гігієнічних і соціальних заходів, які реалізуються серед здорового населення та осіб з факторами ризику і спрямовані на запобігання розвитку інсульту. Згідно зі статистичними даними, які наводять закордонні і вітчизняні дослідницькі організації, в країнах Східної Європи фіксується зростання цієї патології. Пропаганда здорового способу життя серед молоді є в фокусі уваги соціальної сфери та державної молодіжної політики. При впровадженні національних програм, спрямованих на формування здорового способу життя та медичної культури населення, при правильному методичному підході лікаря до оцінки і впливу на індивідуальні фактори ризику, профілактика інсульту стає реальною.
Шляхи інформатизації системи охорони здоров’я України
Authors: Golubchikov M. , Kovalenko O.
Published: December 2018

У статті розглядаються проблеми, пов'язані з інформатизацією системи охорони здоров'я, проводяться паралелі з досвідом країн Європи, робляться деякі рекомендації щодо шляхів розвитку процесу інформатизації в Україні.
Hubungan antara Program Ekspanding Maternal and Neonatal Survival (EMAS) dengan Peningkatan Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Perilaku Bidan dalam Pengelolaan Kasus Kegawatdaruratan Obstetrik Pra Rujukan
Authors: Widyaningsih Wiwik , Siswosudarmo Risanto , Hadijono Soerjo
Published: December 2018

Latar Belakang: Angka kematian ibu di Kabupaten Kebumen tahun 2014 adalah 12 yang sebagian besar disebabkan oleh perdarahan pascasalin dan preeklampsia berat (PEB). Dalam program EMAS salah satu kegiatan adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan untuk penatalaksanaan perdarahan pascasalin dan preeklampsia berat (PEB).Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan paparan program EMAS dalam hal pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku bidan saat mengelola kasus kegawatdaruratan obstetrik pra rujukan.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional, dilaksanakan terhadap bidan yang merujuk kasus perdarahan postpartum dan pre eklampsia berat di IGD RSU PKU Muhammadiyah Gombong dari tahun 2014-2015. Kuesioner yang digunakan dinilai dengan skala Likert, menilai pengetahuan dengan kuesioner benar salah, sedangkan ketrampilan dengan daftar tilik keterampilan nilai dari 10 sampai 100 kalau menjalankan prosedur sesuai harapan.Hasil dan Pembahasan: Sebanyak 104 responden (bidan), yang terdiri dari 52 bidan yang terpapar program EKSPANDING MATERNAl AND NEONATAL SURVIVAL (EMAS) dan 52 lainnya adalah responden tang tidak terkena program EMAS (kontrol). Mereka sebanding dalam usia, tahun pelayanan (pengalaman kerja), dan nilai pelatihan PPGDON. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa paparan program EMAS berhubungan secara signifikan dengan peningkatan pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku bidan di bidang kegawatdaruratan kebidanan. Hasil analisis regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa program EMAS berhubungan dengan hasil peningkatan pengetahuan managemen aktif kala III (OR: 6,41; 95% CI 2,32-17,72); pengetahuan PEB (OR: 11,72; 95% CI 4,19-32,78); sikap managemen aktif kala III (OR: 2,97; 95%CI 1,11-7,91); sikap PEB (OR 25,87; 95% CI 8,17-81,90). Hubungan dengan keterampilan managemen aktif kala III (OR: 7,37; 95% CI 2,10-25,85) dan keterampilan PEB (OR: 26,64; 95% CI 7,98-88,96).Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara Program Expanding Maternal and Neonatal Survival dengan peningkatan kemampuan, sikap dan perilaku bidan di bidang pengelolaan prarujukan kasus kegawatdaruratan obstetrik.Kata kunci: Expanding Maternal and Neonatal Survival (EMAS); pengetahunan; sikap; perilaku; penanganan prarujukan kegawatdaruratan obstetrik;
Construcción social de la ocupación en el trabajo de arte urbano
Authors: Feregrino Basurto María Azucena
Published: December 2018

Este artículo contempla al mercado de trabajo como una construcción social que se ve influenciada social, cultural y políticamente a través de la interacción con diversos actores, así como limitada, o impulsada, por estructuras de diferentes niveles. Sin embargo, en función del estudio de ocupaciones que no se encuentran mediadas por un contrato formal de trabajo, entre un empleador establecido y un conjunto de trabajadores asalariados, se opta por el concepto de construcción social de la ocupación. Bajo un análisis sociológico del “trabajo no clásico”, se analizan teóricamente las actividades de arte urbano como trabajos simbólicos, inmateriales e interactivos que operan al nivel de calle. En ese sentido, esta investigación pretende explicar las complejidades resultantes de las actividades artísticas en espacios urbanos y cómo influyen en la construcción de sus ocupaciones.
Gestión de operaciones y talento humano: un modelo de elección discreta
Authors: Rodriguez Luna Raúl Enrique , Rosenstiehl Martinez José Luis
Published: December 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar si existe alguna probabilidad de que el bajo desempeño en la gestión de operaciones logística (GO) en América Latina (AL) se esté presentando por la falta de talento humano especializado en actividades logística (TH). El instrumento de recolección de información se aplicó a una muestra de 126 empresas de menor tamaño dedicada a realizar operaciones logísticas en esta región, el instrumento utilizado como recurso fue la red de Internet; los datos se analizaron mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio y Regresión Logística, utilizando los programas estadísticos SPSS v.23 Por otra parte, se notan varios asuntos, la importancia de la gestión de operaciones (OG) y el talento humano (TH) aunque estas, se encuentran relacionadas, a nivel investigativo es escasa la evidencia que estudia su relación para (AL), el trabajo encuentra evidencia en favor de la hipótesis que predice, el (TH) influye en el rendimiento de las (OG), esta, la hipótesis parte de la teoría de la eficiencia técnica a partir de los trabajos de Farrel (1957).
APLIKASI METODE OVEN SUHU TINGGI TETAP DAN BENIH UTUH DALAM PENGUJIAN KADAR AIR BENIH KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis L. Jacq.)
Authors: Arif Mohamad , Illahi Nur Muhammad Akbar
Published: December 2018

Kadar air (KA) benih merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang menentukan tingkat viabilitas selama penyimpanan maupun pengecambahan benih. Oleh karena itu, kemampuan untuk menduga KA benih dengan tepat merupakan kebutuhan dasar bagi produsen kecambah. Bagi benih-benih berukuran besar seperti benih kelapa sawit, International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) mensyaratkan penggunaan oven suhu tinggi dan suhu rendah serta penerapan pemecahan benih untuk penentuan KA yang lebih tepat, sedangkan produsen menggunakan benih utuh untuk proses penentuan parameter tersebut. Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan bahwa benih-benih yang diuji dengan oven suhu rendah konstan memberikan nilai KA yang lebih tinggi dibanding KA yang diperlihatkan oleh metode oven suhu tinggi. Selain itu, benih yang dianalisis secara utuh memberikan nilai KA yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan KA benih yang dianalisis dengan metode pemecahan benih. Berdasar komponen penyusun, inti benih memiliki KA yang secara nyata lebih tinggi dibanding KA pada cangkang, baik menggunakan metode oven suhu rendah ataupun suhu tinggi. Percobaan lebih lanjut dibutuhkan mengingat luasnya keragaman ketebalan cangkang benih kelapa sawit.