bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slowly walking down to the more food: Relative “number” discrimination in African spurred tortoises (Centrochelys sulcata)
Authors: Tomonaga Masaki , Haraguchi Daiki , Wilkinson Anna
Published: March 2023

Numerical discrimination is thought to be highly adaptive as it allows an organism to select greater amounts of food or larger social groups. The processes underlying this ability are well understood in mammals with two systems being posited to control behavior, the approximate number system, which uses the ratios between numbers and the object file system which tracks individual small numbers. Much less in known in reptiles, the work that is available suggests that chelonia may use the ratios between the numbers to discriminate numerical values. This experiment examined the effect of ratio and number size on relative numerical discrimination in African spurred tortoises (Centrochelys XXXulcate). To assess this, tortoises were presented with trays containing favored food in all possible number combinations between 1 and 7. The tortoise had to approach the tray it perceived as having the larger number, if correct, the tortoise received one piece of reinforcement. Each tortoise received 36 pairings of each stimulus combination. The results revealed that numerical discrimination was influenced by the ratio between the numbers, with performance improving as the ratio between the numbers increased. This suggests that the approximate number system may be controlling their behavior. However, the opposite tendency was observed for the larger numbers, suggesting that an object-file system may also be involved in numerical discrimination.
Organizational Ecology Theory: Review Past for Directing the Future Development
Authors: Chen Xiaomei , Wu Xiaojie , Wang Xiuqiong
Published: March 2023

Research on organizational ecology theory (OET) focuses on the effects of environmental constraints and competition within and between populations to explain the expansion and decline of organizational populations. While OET utilization has gained tremendous momentum over the past four decades, the literature remains fragmented. The integration of existing OET studies is important and timely. Thus, following a systematic process, we select 332 papers identified from the Web of Science database and perform a document-level bibliographic coupling analysis that explores the OET literature through clustering algorithms. This analysis reveals four thematic clusters within OET applications: (1) the antecedents of organizational vital rates (founding, mortality, change), (2) the structure of organizational populations and communities, (3) the intrapopulation and interpopulation evolutionary processes, and (4) the consequences of the intrapopulation and interpopulation evolutionary processes. Then, we supplement this in-depth analysis with a review of the literature, which enhances our understanding of the research themes related to OET applications, helping to develop an integrative framework and formulate new research questions that support the development of this promising theory. Therefore, this review suggests avenues for a more productive route to coherent theoretical and methodological development and promising topics for OET research.
Data-Driven Personas Creation Based on the CHARLS Database: Analyzing the Interaction Design of Mobility Aid for the Chinese Elderly with Difficulty in Indoor transferring
Authors: Zhang Xiaochen , Pan Ziyi , Huang Qianbo , Xiao Jia Xin , Luh Ding-Bang
Published: March 2023

China has entered into a light aging society and is gradually moving into the moderate aging society stage. A portion of the elderly with indoor transferring difficulties has become the core user of mobility aid design. In order to construct a persona for this relevant population, the data of the elderly in various fields in the CHARLS database from 2018 was sorted, and a hierarchical clustering analysis was conducted using 12 variables of 119 samples. Based on the overall variability of sample variables, the elderly with indoor transferring difficulties in China were classified according to the similarity of their characteristic data. The results of the hierarchical clustering analysis indicated that the elderly with indoor transferring difficulties in China can be divided into seven clusters. By sorting and refining the data of each cluster, seven data-driven personas containing their characteristic labels were obtained. By utilizing the cluster characteristics, the design direction of the mobility aid was determined, and a summary was made of the mobility aid 's functional features and corresponding interactive solutions for the physical needs of the elderly with indoor transferring difficulties in China.
Geometric morphometrics of macro- and meiofaunal priapulid pharyngeal teeth provides a proxy for studying Cambrian “tooth taxa”
Authors: Wernström Joel Vikberg , Slater Ben J. , Sørensen Martin V. , Crampton Denise , Altenburger Andreas
Published: March 2023

Priapulids are marine, benthic ecdysozoan worms that feed using a distinctive toothed pharynx. While only a handful of lineages have survived to the present day, the heyday of priapulid diversity in the Cambrian left behind a rich record of articulated body fossils and characteristic trace fossils in the form of burrows. Recently, the fossil record of isolated priapulid cuticular elements including pharyngeal teeth have gained increased attention as a means of revealing cryptic priapulid taxa otherwise unknown among macrofossils. In this study, we focus on the ecological implications of shape variation in the teeth of extant and extinct priapulids, which display substantial morphological differences between taxa and life stages. We define a landmarking scheme to capture shape variation in priapulid teeth and apply it to our dataset, which includes a breadth of tooth specimens from extant macrofaunal and meiofaunal lineages alongside numerous Cambrian priapulid teeth preserved as isolated small carbonaceous fossils. Through ordination of the principal components of shape we explore the priapulid tooth morphospace and find evidence that its occupancy has expanded since Cambrian times, indicating a corresponding expansion of the group’s ecological niche. We also employ our geometric morphometric approach to make linear discriminant analysis-based taxon assignments based on tooth morphology, which can be helpful for classifying enigmatic “tooth taxa” known solely from fossil teeth. Finally, we use discriminant analysis to study tooth shapes from a functional perspective, considering known ecologies to characterise the ecological functions of unclassified isolated teeth.
A 1500-years record of North Atlantic storminess from the Shetland Islands (UK)
Authors: Hess Katharina , Engel Max , Patel Tasnim , Vakhrameeva Polina , Koutsodendris Andreas , Klemt Eckehard , Hansteen Thor H. , Kempf Philipp , Dawson Sue , Schön Isa , Heyvaert Vanessa M. A.
Published: March 2023

Severe storm surges pose a major hazard to the coasts of northwestern Europe. Therefore, high-resolution records of past North Atlantic storminess are required to assess (i) whether storm activity has increased in recent decades and (ii) which future risks may arise from storm surges. This study aims to decipher storm-induced overwash processes in lacustrine sediment cores from a coastal lake on the Shetland Islands by investigating distinct sand and peat layers. This multi-proxy study utilises a range of methods such as; Bayesian AMS-14C and 137Cs age-depth models, cryptotephra, sedimentological, and geochemical (i.e., XRF, TOC) analyses, and the re-analysis of historical data. The XRF Si/Ti ratio and the unimodal grain-size distribution clearly show that the sand layers originate from the beach and thus are representative of storms originating from a northwesterly direction. Phases of higher storminess occurred 980–1050, 1150–1300, 1450–1550, 1820–1900 and 1950–2000 AD which correlate with a positive North Atlantic Oscillation mode enhancing water inflow into the Norwegian Sea. High-intensity storms from other directions than north(west) and a southward shift of storm tracks prevailed during the Little Ice Age (LIA, 1400–1850 AD). During warm phases of the last 1500 years, storm tracks have shifted towards the northeast Atlantic, thus confirming a possible trend for future storm track changes and increased storminess in the northern region of the North Sea as predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
Harlequin Syndrome during Peripheral Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Patient with an Obstructing Tracheal Schwannoma: A Case Report
Authors: Karam Cynthia , Nafeh Nancy Abou , Aouad Marie T. , Siddik-Sayyid Sahar , Kaddoum Roland , Zeeni Carine , Anka Sandra , Shaya Bashir , khalili Amro
Published: March 2023

Surgical resection of obstructive tracheal tumors can be challenging to cardiothoracic surgeons and anesthesiologists. It is often difficult in these cases to maintain oxygenation by face mask ventilation during induction of general anaesthesia. Also, the extent and location of these tracheal tumors can preclude conventional induction of general anesthesia and subsequent successful endotracheal intubation. Peripheral cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) under local anaesthesia and mild intravenous sedation may be safe to support the patient until securing a definitive airway. We describe a case of a 19-year-old female with a tracheal schwannoma, who developed differential hypoxemia (Harlequin, or North-South, syndrome) after institution of awake peripheral femorofemoral venoarterial (VA) partial CBP.
Renal Regenerative Capacity Related to Stem Cell Reserve in Nephrectomized Rats
Authors: ARABUL Songul , MELIKOGLU Mustafa , KIRIMLIOGLU Esma , BONEVAL Bezmi Cem , KARAGUZEL Gungor
Published: March 2023

Purpose: On the new era of stem cell therapy, the present experimental study was conducted to investigate renal regenerative capacity related to kidney stem cell reserve in different nephrectomy (Nx) models.
Methods: Three- and eight-week-old rats (n=168) were randomly divided into four groups to include control and three Nx subgroups (1/6 Nx, 1/2 Nx, and 5/6 Nx) (figure 1). On post-Nx days 15, 30 and 60, kidney specimens were obtained to determine renal regenerative capacity. The specimens were examined with immunofluorescence. CD90/CD105 and Ki-67 expressions were determined as stem cell and cellular proliferation markers, respectively.
Results: CD90 and CD105 expressions were stronger in glomeruli, but Ki-67 expressions were present only in tubuli. When all Nx types and post-Nx days were considered, both 3- and 8-week-old rats undergone 5/6 Nx had the highest glomerular CD90 and CD105 double expressions. While the expressions gradually increased toward the day 60 in 3-weeks old rats, 8-week-old rats had almost stable double expressions. The strongest tubular Ki-67 expressions were seen in 5/6 Nx groups of both in 3- and 8-week-old rats. The expressions were strongest on day 15 and then gradually decreased. Ipsilateral 1/6 Nx groups had stronger Ki-67 expression than contralateral ones in both age groups.
Conclusions: Kidneys may pose a regenerative response to tissue/volume loss through its own CD90- and CD105-related stem cell reserve which mainly takes place in glomeruli and seems to have some interactions with Ki-67-related tubular proliferative process. This response supports that kidney stem cells may have a potential to overcome tissue/volume loss-related damage.
The importance of compounding drivers for large river floods
Authors: Jiang Shijie , Tarasova Larisa , Yu Guo , Zscheischler Jakob
Published: March 2023

Estimating river flood risks under global warming is challenging, largely because of the compounding nature of various drivers1,2. Yet to date, the interplay of multiple drivers and how they affect river floods are not well understood. Here we use explainable machine learning to disentangle the interactions between flood drivers and identify the compounding drivers of river floods in thousands of catchments around the world. We find that the majority of river floods worldwide over the past 40 years were attributable to compounding drivers, which often amplified river flood magnitude. Furthermore, the role of compounding drivers becomes more important with increasing flood magnitude in nearly all of the studied catchments, with the strength of this relationship generally depending on the catchment physio-climatic conditions. Based on these findings, we demonstrate that traditional statistical methods using flood frequency analysis underestimate the magnitude of extreme floods because compounding drivers are not properly taken into account3. Overall, our results highlight the need for careful incorporation of compounding drivers in flood risk assessment to improve estimates of extreme floods, in particular in the face of climate change4,5.
Interpretable scRNA-seq Analysis with Intelligent Gene Selection
Authors: Li Bingjie , Zhang Xinyu , Jin Kaixiu , Ni tianhao , Xue Nan , Fu Li , Niu Yanmei , Zhao Kun
Published: March 2023

Challenges exist in analyzing scRNA-seq data sets due to high dimensionality, significant noise, and information loss. To overcome these obstacles, we present scAIG, an interpretable single-cell analysis framework. scAIG employs a novel correlation measure for cell-to-cell similarity and utilizes an intelligent gene selection method to find the most informative genes for clustering. Thorough comparisons have shown that scAIG surpasses state-of-the-art techniques in both clustering and visualization.
Depressão, Ansiedade, Estresse E Qualidade do Sono em Pacientes com Transtornos Alimentares
Authors: Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba , Chiba Fernando Yamamoto , Oliveira Renan Akira Fujii de , Saliba Tânia Adas , Garbin Artênio José Isper
Published: March 2023

Os transtornos alimentares são caracterizados como distúrbios biopsicossociais nos quais o indivíduo pode apresentar graves complicações físicas e psicológicas. O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar os níveis de depressão, ansiedade, estresse e qualidade do sono em pacientes com anorexia ou bulimia nervosa. A amostra foi composta por 30 mulheres em atendimento em um Ambulatório Especializado de Saúde Mental do Estado de São Paulo. Os instrumentos utilizados para a coleta de dados foram a Escala DASS-21 e o Questionário de Avaliação do Sono de Toronto. Foram identificados níveis muito graves de depressão em 53,33% das pacientes; níveis muito graves de ansiedade em 60%; e níveis muito graves de estresse em 26,67%. Observou-se correlação positiva significante (p<0,05) entre os escores da avaliação da qualidade do sono e as escalas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Houve associação significativa (p<0,05) entre maiores níveis de estresse e menor número de residentes no domicílio. Pacientes com transtornos alimentares apresentaram prejuízos severos em sua saúde mental, com níveis elevados de depressão, ansiedade e estresse, correlacionados a pior qualidade do sono.
Quantum chaos in perturbative super-Yang-Mills Theory
Authors: McLoughlin Tristan , Pereira Raul , Spiering Anne
Published: March 2023

We provide numerical evidence that the perturbative spectrum of
anomalous dimensions in maximally supersymmetric
SU(N)SU(N)
Yang-Mills theory is chaotic at finite values of
NN.
We calculate the probability distribution of one-loop level spacings for
subsectors of the theory and show that for large
NN
it is given by the Poisson distribution of integrable models, while at
finite values it is the Wigner-Dyson distribution of the Gaussian
orthogonal ensemble random matrix theory. We extend these results to
two-loop order and to a one-parameter family of deformations. We further
study the spectral rigidity for these models and show that it is also
well described by random matrix theory. Finally we demonstrate that the
finite-NN
eigenvectors possess properties of chaotic states.
Egyetemisták sportfogadási szokásai: megélhetési forrás vagy hazárdjáték?
Authors: Zsédely Zsombor , Bóka Ferenc
Published: March 2023

Bevezetés: A szerencsejáték évezredek óta az emberiség része. Kezdetben mint egy társasági örömszerzési forma jelent meg, azonban nem csak kikapcsolódás volt a célja, hanem a vagyonszerzés is. A vizsgálat célja: Kutatásunk célja, hogy betekintést nyerjünk az egyetemisták sportfogadási szokásaiba. Eredmények: A vizsgálatunkban azt láthatjuk, hogy a megkérdezettek 85%-a bizony utánajár a csapata aktuális formájának, tehát fellelhető egyfajta tudatosság játékosokban. A megkérdezettek majdnem fele úgy gondolja, hogy meg lehet élni a sportfogadásból, viszont mindössze 7% játszik valóban megélhetési forrásként. A többség kis összegekben játszik. A megkérdezettek csak 55%-a vallja magát szerencsejáték-függőnek, annak ellenére, hogy napi rendszerességgel fogadnak. Következtetések: Az egyetemisták körében nagyon népszerűek a szerencsejátékok és ezen belül a sportfogadás. Ebből a szempontból legkedveltebb sportágak a labdarúgás, kézilabda, darts, tenisz. A sportfogadási szokásaikat nézve játszanak fogadóirodában és interneten egyaránt, viszont a többség egyedül szeret játszani, és csak kis részük társaságban.
Az utazás és a lelki egészség kapcsolata, életminőséget befolyásoló aspektusai
Authors: Tömő Zsolt , Beke Szilvia
Published: March 2023

Bevezetés: Egészségünk megőrzésében jelentős szerepet kap, hogy milyen mértékben vagyunk képesek a testi és szellemi regenerációra, illetve lényeges elem mindazon tevékenységek összessége, melyek által helyre tudjuk állítani a belső egyensúlyunkat egy-egy nehezebb időszak után. Célkitűzések: Vizsgálatunkban többek között arra a kérdésre kerestük a választ, hogy maga az utazás segíthet-e a lelki, mentális jóllétünk fenntartásában, belső világunk helyreállításában. A kutatásba 268 fő került bevonásra, online kérdőíves módszerrel. Eredményeink nem reprezentatívak, a felnőtt populáció szubjektív nézeteit, tapasztalatait foglalják magukba. Eredmények: Kutatásunkban megállapítottuk, hogy a lelki, mentális egészségünk szempontjából az utazás pozitív befolyással bír. A lelki egyensúly helyreállításához nagymértékben hozzájárul ez a tevékenység, ugyanakkor jótékony hatást gyakorol általános közérzetünkre, ezáltal az életminőségünkre is. Következtetések: Az utazás mentális, lelki egészségünk megőrzése szempontjából kardinális jelentőségű. Hatékony prevenciós és intervenciós eszköznek bizonyul a társadalom egészségi állapot mutatóinak javításához.
Assessing the Islamic banking contribution to financial stability in Indonesia: A non-linear approach
Authors: Fakhrunnas Faaza , Bekti Hendrie Anto Mohammad
Published: March 2023

Islamic banks have become alternative intermediary institutions in the banking industry and are expected to play a significant role in the financial system. Therefore, this study aims to examine Islamic banks’ contribution to financial stability, also focusing on the underlying contracts implemented in financing activities from the perspective of a non-linear relationship. The study employs time-series data from 2006m1 to 2021m11 and adopts non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL). The findings reveal that the presence of Islamic banks has a non-linear influence on financial stability. Overall financing has a symmetric effect on financial stability, but an asymmetric effect is evident when total financing is categorized based on underlying contracts. Moreover, in the short run, musharakah financing strengthens financial stability, while during a long-run relationship mudarabah financing plays the most pivotal role in increasing the level of stability in the banking system. The study proposes that the financial authorities should be concerned with the non-linear symmetric and asymmetric relationships with Islamic banks, particularly in the underlying contracts that the banks employ. This is considered to be important to avoid financial instability in the banking system.
AcknowledgmentThe authors gratefully acknowledge the support from Direktorat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (DPPM) Universitas Islam Indonesia No.: 023/ Dir/ DPPM/ 70/ Pen.Unggulan/ XII/ 2022 and for providing a research grant for the study.
How does the entrepreneurial behavior intention of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia grow-up?
Authors: Fiernaningsih Nilawati , Herijanto Pudji , Widayani Anna , Maskur  , Eka Poernamawati Diana
Published: March 2023

Entrepreneurial passion is the central pillar of running a business. Managers of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) must be passionate about recognizing their opportunities and enhancing their self-efficacy, self-leadership, and SME entrepreneurial intentions. This study aims to estimate whether entrepreneurial passion increases entrepreneurial intentions supported by self-efficacy and self-leadership in SMEs. The study population included 191,312 SMEs in East Java, Indonesia; the final sample comprises 334 SME actors determined by the Slovin formula. Data are processed through SmartPLS software and analyzed using the SEM approach. The test results show that entrepreneurial spirit positively affects self-efficacy, with a t-statistic value of 60.267. In addition, entrepreneurial passion positively affects entrepreneurial intentions, with a t-statistic value of 29.806. Entrepreneurial passion positively affects self-leadership with a t-statistic value of 7.502. Furthermore, self-efficacy positively affects entrepreneurial intentions with a t-statistic value of 3.438. Finally, self-leadership positively affects entrepreneurial intention with a t-statistic value of 2.295. In conclusion, this paper expands the relevant literature on the impact of entrepreneurial passion, self-efficacy, and self-leadership on entrepreneurial intention.
Trends for sanitation practices in Tanzania: the history from colonial to current times
Authors: Mwesongo Chaeka Semango , Mwakipesile Augustino Edgar
Published: March 2023

Although sanitation is a fundamental human right, over 26,500 people die annually due to inadequate sanitation in Tanzania. This situation involves a loss of approximately 301 billion TZS (US$ 206 million). Administrative challenges are part of inadequate sanitation contributors as government actors who took over power after colonization were trained by and emulated the former rulers. Although researchers have researched sanitation practices, few have examined Tanzania's history of sanitation. The paucity of studies on the history of sanitation hinders efforts to address sanitation issues resulting from historical flaws. This review examines the history of sanitation practices in Tanzania, especially the provision of sanitation facilities from colonial times to the present time. In this study, Dar es Salaam received more attention because it was Tanganyika's major urbanized area during colonialism. Thus, it exerted more pressure on sanitation infrastructure. The findings indicate that inequity characterized colonial sanitation provision. After independence, the government's role to improve sanitation was strengthened. However, the emphasis was put on interventions which were top-down, prioritizing latrine construction of any form while disregarding the history of sanitation practices. Further progress could be achieved by considering home-grown solutions and equality in the provision of sanitation services.
Temel Eğitimde Rehberlik ve Psikolojik Danışma Hizmetleri Sorunlarının Değerlendirilmesi: Bir Meta-Sentez Çalışması
Authors: DÖNMEZ Şerife , AYKAÇ Necdet
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada temel eğitimde rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetlerinde yaşanan sorunların meta-sentez yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda ‘psikolojik danışmada sorunlar’, ‘ilkokulda rehberlik hizmetleri’, ‘ilkokulda rehberlik hizmetleri sorunları’, ‘okul öncesinde rehberlik hizmetleri sorunları’, ‘okul öncesi eğitimde rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetleri sorunları’, ‘ortaokulda rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetleri sorunları’ ‘rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetleri’, ‘rehberlik servisi’, ‘rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetleri’, ‘temel eğitimde rehberlik sorunları’ anahtar sözcükleri ile Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezi, Google Akademik, TÜBİTAK ULAKBİM (Ulusal Akademik Ağ ve Bilgi Merkezi) Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Veri Tabanında tarama yapılmıştır. Taramalar sonucunda araştırmaya dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 27 makale, 8 yüksek lisans tezi ve 1 bildiri çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmada meta-sentez yöntemi kullanılmış ve elde edilen veriler tümevarımsal içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler doğrultusunda ana temalar, temalar, kodlar ve sorunlara ilişkin frekans tabloları oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarına bakıldığında temel eğitimde rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetlerinde yaşanan sorunlar altı başlıkta ele alınmıştır. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda sistem sorunları, iş birliği ile ilgili sorunlar, rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma servisi görev ve sorumlulukları, rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma hizmetlerinin işlevi, psikolojik danışman kaynaklı sorunlar ve fiziki koşullar temaları başlığı altında değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular ışığında en çok frekansa sahip sorun alanının sistem sorunları olduğu, en az sorun alanının da fiziki koşullar olduğu saptanmıştır.
La organización de los contenidos escolares en orientaciones curriculares para el conocimiento escolar en Ciencias Naturales (Bogotá, Colombia)
Authors: Martínez Rivera Carmen Alicia , Casimiro Lopes Alice , Cárdenas Navas Ana María , Jirón Popova Mirna
Published: March 2023

Este artículo busca dar cuenta de la categoría contenidos escolares (organización de los contenidos escolares) en tres documentos de orientación curricular para el área de Ciencias Naturales de la Secretaría de Educación de Bogotá5, por ser ésta una de las categorías para la caracterización del conocimiento escolar de dichas orientaciones. La selección de los documentos contó con el apoyo de profesores y directores de escuelas públicas.  El análisis de contenido de los documentos fue realizado en Atlas.ti. Los resultados ponen en evidencia el interés de las orientaciones curriculares de articular la educación científica con la tecnología, abordar la integración curricular a partir de centros de interés y visibilizar la Etnociencia como un contexto propicio para la enseñanza de las Ciencias Naturales. Así, las orientaciones intentan superar la fragmentación de la organización disciplinaria. Si bien es notoria la preocupación por una apertura a otros referentes, el conocimiento científico se destaca como el central del conocimiento escolar. De allí que, los documentos expresan una hibridación de los discursos curriculares.
Habilidades cognitivas en niños víctimas de maltrato físico
Authors: Cerchiaro-Ceballos Elda , Sánchez-Miranda Lina , Manjarrés-Ariño María Paula , Solano Fonseca Leonela
Published: March 2023

El estudio realizado tuvo como objetivo caracterizar las habilidades cognitivas de un grupo de niños escolarizados que han sido víctimas de maltrato físico y comparar su desempeño con un grupo de niños no maltratados de la misma edad. Mediante un diseño transversal se trabajó con una muestra no probabilística por conveniencia de 40 niños entre 6 y 10 años, matriculados en una escuela pública en la ciudad de Santa Marta (Colombia). De ellos, 20 niños han sido identificados como víctimas de maltrato físico y 20 niños sin maltrato. Los resultados muestran que no hay diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos, sin embargo, los niños sin maltrato presentan un rendimiento ligeramente superior en la mayoría de las habilidades cognitivas estudiadas en comparación con los niños con maltrato. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos resultados, en términos de la intervención psicológica en contextos escolares, que está orientada a la prevención de este fenómeno como una de las acciones que se requieren para hacer efectiva una verdadera educación para la paz en nuestro país: a partir de la promoción de una cultura de la no violencia, especialmente hacia los niños.
COMPARISON OF THE BACTERIOLOGICAL METHOD AND MASS-SPECTROMETRY OF MICROBIAL MARKERS FOR QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF HUMAN PARODENTIUM MICROBIOTA IN A DRY IMMERSION STUDY
Authors:   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Sheblaeva A.S. , Solovieva Z.O. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Rukavishnikov I.V. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Nosovsky A.M. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Tsarev V.N. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Podporin M.S. ,   A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Bystrova O.V. ,   Institute of Analytical Toxicology, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Lovtsevich S.M. ,   Institute of Analytical Toxicology, Krasnogorsk, Moscow region, Ilyin V.К. ,   Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Published: March 2023

The paper deals with comparative investigation of the conventional bacteriological method (CBM) and a relatively new technique of microbial markers determination by mass-spectrometry (MS-MMs) from the standpoint of microbiological monitoring of the parodentium and other oropharyngeal surfaces. Data of the investigation performed with participation of human subjects in a 7-d dry immersion study brought to light the strong and weak points of each approach and demonstrated MS-MMseffectiveness in quantitative assessment of periodontal pathogens and oral microbiome.
CHARACTER OF INJURIES PILOTS SUSTAIN FROM EJECTION IN THE MODERN PERIOD
Authors:   Central Scientific Research Institute of Air Force of Ministry of Defense, Moscow, Moiseev Yu.B.
Published: March 2023

The paper discusses pilots' injuries following ejection. Structure and character of injuries in the time interval between 2010 and 2020 were essentially identical to those documented previously between 2003 and 2010. There is an upward trend in the rate of severe arm injuries; on the opposite, the rate of leg injuries tends to decrease. Also, there is some difference in the causes for injury. Occurrence of injuries due to issues with the survival equipment increased in 2.4 times, and the adverse effect of air counter-flow that was not the case earlier. On the contrary, injuries following parachuting decreased in 4.7 times. A new cause of severe traumas is an arm-restraint system of the ejection seat.
Aprendizagens em educação a distância
Authors: Ferreira Carlos Alberto , Bastos Ana Maria
Published: March 2023

Com a pandemia da Covid-19, a aprendizagem passou a realizar-se a distância. Daí questionarmos as percepções de alunos do 4º ano de escolaridade português sobre essa aprendizagem, no que diz respeito aos recursos tecnológicos e aos tipos de tarefas realizados, à ajuda proporcionada aos alunos, aos obstáculos surgidos e aos aspectos positivos e negativos da aprendizagem a distância. Foi utilizada uma metodologia de investigação qualitativa com a administração de um questionário com questões abertas a três turmas daquele ano de escolaridade de três escolas do norte de Portugal. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que foram várias as ferramentas tecnológicas usadas para a aprendizagem a distância, quer para as aulas síncronas quer para a realização das tarefas escolares. Já a falta de socialização com os colegas, os problemas de funcionamento dos recursos tecnológicos, a sobrecarga de trabalho e a ansiedade dos alunos foram os aspectos mais negativos apontados por eles mesmos.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Bone Targeting PLGA Nanoparticles Loaded
with Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas
Authors: Zhao Zehao , Deng Yanling , Deng Yu , Chen Zhuojun , Zhou Zhikun
Published: March 2023

Background:

Targeted nanoparticles’ preparation can enhance local drug concentration and
reduce the side effects of drugs in non-targeted organs. At present, many patents have been applied for
in the field of bone-targeted nanoparticles’ preparations. They play an important role in the treatment
and diagnosis of diseases. In this experiment, nanoparticles with bone targeting function were prepared
by poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) copolymer and tetracycline. These nanoparticles contain active
ingredients in the Huangqi Sanxian decoction, a kind of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) compound
formula. These nanoparticles are predicted to be useful in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Methods:

Synthesis of tetracycline targeting groups was performed by acylation reaction, and PLGA
nanoparticles were prepared by the Emulsification-solvent Evaporation Method. The appearance and
particle size of the product were evaluated, and the effects of nanoparticles on the physiological activities
of osteoblasts were observed. Finally, the bone-targeting ability of targeted nanoparticles in vivo
and in vitro was investigated.

Results:

The average particle size of the nanoparticles was about 200 nm, and the average drug entrapment
was 60%. In vitro evaluation of osteoblasts assay showed that the nanoparticles can be well taken
by cells. Their good biocompatibility and sustained-release properties reduce the toxic side effects of
drugs when they promote osteoblasts’ physiological activities. The results of the in vitro and in vivo
bone targeting ability assays showed that tetracycline modified nanoparticles could effectively accumulate
in the bone, indicating the great bone-targeting ability of the nanoparticles. The use of PLGA to
load active components in the TCM compound formulas and remodel targeting groups is expected to
improve drug efficacy, reduce drug dosage, and effects on non- action sites. This may provide new ideas
for the development of TCM compound dosage forms.

Conclusion:

In summary, we prepared PLGA nanoparticles of multiple TCM ingredients with bone targeting
ability, and they had good morphological appearance, and a promoting effect on various physiological
activities of osteoblasts.
An Analysis of Sustainability Approaches of Malaysian Public Universities
Authors: Zakaria Azzarina , Zurcher Stephen A
Published: March 2023

The Sustainable Development Goals Report (2022) highlights the urgent need for concerted action on a global scale to put the world on track to sustainability. Universities are the primary social actor of civil society and are essential in facilitating the world to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). This study clarifies the sustainability approaches of Malaysian public universities. Analysis of the sustainability reports revealed several key insights. First, there was varying focus on the SDGs between the universities. Secondly, three similar themes of the sustainability approach were found, namely: (1) impart knowledge, (2) technology breakthrough, and (3) strategic alliance.
A New Paradigm in Using Bamboo as Sustainable Material for Future Building Construction
Authors: Mohd Taib Mohd Zafrullah , Ahmad Shamsidar , Nogroho Widhi
Published: March 2023

The 21st century is a modern era with the human egoism of world greed that results in the imbalance of the earth and the release of carbon gases on ozone that are very worrying. The 'Sustainable Development Goals' (SDG) by United Nation makes using sustainable materials such as bamboo for building construction. However, negative perception has made it a material that is not widely used. This study explores and observes the design transformations of bamboo building construction. As a result, the evolution of building shapes and building shapes has become more dynamic and unique.
Obesity-Related Discourse on Facebook and Instagram Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparative Longitudinal Evaluation
Authors: Pollack Catherine , Gilbert-Diamond Diane , Onega Tracy , Vosoughi Soroush , O'Malley A James , Emond Jennifer A
Published: March 2023

Background

COVID-19 severity is amplified among individuals with obesity, which may have influenced mainstream media coverage of the disease by both improving understanding of the condition and increasing weight-related stigma.

Objective

We aimed to measure obesity-related conversations on Facebook and Instagram around key dates during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Public Facebook and Instagram posts were extracted for 29-day windows in 2020 around January 28 (the first US COVID-19 case), March 11 (when COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic), May 19 (when obesity and COVID-19 were linked in mainstream media), and October 2 (when former US president Trump contracted COVID-19 and obesity was mentioned most frequently in the mainstream media). Trends in daily posts and corresponding interactions were evaluated using interrupted time series. The 10 most frequent obesity-related topics on each platform were also examined.

Results

On Facebook, there was a temporary increase in 2020 in obesity-related posts and interactions on May 19 (posts +405, 95% CI 166 to 645; interactions +294,930, 95% CI 125,986 to 463,874) and October 2 (posts +639, 95% CI 359 to 883; interactions +182,814, 95% CI 160,524 to 205,105). On Instagram, there were temporary increases in 2020 only in interactions on May 19 (+226,017, 95% CI 107,323 to 344,708) and October 2 (+156,974, 95% CI 89,757 to 224,192). Similar trends were not observed in controls. Five of the most frequent topics overlapped (COVID-19, bariatric surgery, weight loss stories, pediatric obesity, and sleep); additional topics specific to each platform included diet fads, food groups, and clickbait.

Conclusions

Social media conversations surged in response to obesity-related public health news. Conversations contained both clinical and commercial content of possibly dubious accuracy. Our findings support the idea that major public health announcements may coincide with the spread of health-related content (truthful or otherwise) on social media.
Visualization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Wu Zhiyue , Peng Suyuan , Zhou Liang
Published: March 2023

Background

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas are combinations of Chinese herbal medicines. Knowledge of classic medicine formulas is the basis of TCM diagnosis and treatment and is the core of TCM inheritance. The large number and flexibility of medicine formulas make memorization difficult, and understanding their composition rules is even more difficult. The multifaceted and multidimensional properties of herbal medicines are important for understanding the formula; however, these are usually separated from the formula information. Furthermore, these data are presented as text and cannot be analyzed jointly and interactively.

Objective

We aimed to devise a visualization method for TCM formulas that shows the composition of medicine formulas and the multidimensional properties of herbal medicines involved and supports the comparison of medicine formulas.

Methods

A TCM formula visualization method with multiple linked views is proposed and implemented as a web-based tool after close collaboration between visualization and TCM experts. The composition of medicine formulas is visualized in a formula view with a similarity-based layout supporting the comparison of compositing herbs; a shared herb view complements the formula view by showing all overlaps of pair-wise formulas; and a dimensionality-reduction plot of herbs enables the visualization of multidimensional herb properties. The usefulness of the tool was evaluated through a usability study with TCM experts.

Results

Our method was applied to 2 typical categories of medicine formulas, namely tonic formulas and heat-clearing formulas, which contain 20 and 26 formulas composed of 58 and 73 herbal medicines, respectively. Each herbal medicine has a 23-dimensional characterizing attribute. In the usability study, TCM experts explored the 2 data sets with our web-based tool and quickly gained insight into formulas and herbs of interest, as well as the overall features of the formula groups that are difficult to identify with the traditional text-based method. Moreover, feedback from the experts indicated the usefulness of the proposed method.

Conclusions

Our TCM formula visualization method is able to visualize and compare complex medicine formulas and the multidimensional attributes of herbal medicines using a web-based tool. TCM experts gained insights into 2 typical medicine formula categories using our method. Overall, the new method is a promising first step toward new TCM formula education and analysis methodologies.
Patient and Caregiver Perceptions of Advanced Bladder Cancer Systemic Treatments: Infodemiology Study Based on Social Media Data
Authors: Renner Simon , Loussikian Paul , Foulquié Pierre , Marrel Alexia , Barbier Valentin , Mebarki Adel , Schück Stéphane , Bharmal Murtuza
Published: March 2023

Background

In 2022, it was estimated that more than 80,000 new cases of bladder cancer (BC) were diagnosed in the United States, 12% of which were locally advanced or metastatic BC (advanced BC). These forms of cancer are aggressive and have a poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 7.7% for metastatic BC. Despite recent therapeutic advances for advanced BC, little is known about patient and caregiver perceptions of different systemic treatments. To further explore this topic, social media can be used to collect the perceptions of patients and caregivers when they discuss their experiences on forums and online communities.

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess patient and caregiver perceptions of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for treating advanced BC from social media–posted data.

Methods

Public posts on social media in the United States between January 2015 and April 2021 from patients with advanced BC and their caregivers were collected. The posts included in this analysis were geolocalized to the United States; collected from publicly available domains and sites, including social media sites such as Twitter and forums such as patient association forums; and were written in English. Posts mentioning any line of chemotherapy or immunotherapy were qualitatively analyzed by two researchers to classify perceptions of treatments (positive, negative, mixed, or without perception).

Results

A total of 80 posts by 69 patients and 142 posts by 127 caregivers mentioning chemotherapy, and 42 posts by 31 patients and 35 posts by 32 caregivers mentioning immunotherapy were included for analysis. These posts were retrieved from 39 public social media sites. Among patients with advanced BC and their caregivers, treatment perceptions of chemotherapy were more negative (36%) than positive (7%). Most of the patients’ posts (71%) mentioned chemotherapy factually without expressing a perception of the treatment. The caregivers’ perceptions of treatment were negative in 44%, mixed in 8%, and positive in 7% of posts. In combined patient and caregiver posts, immunotherapy was perceived positively in 47% of posts and negatively in 22% of posts. Caregivers also posted more negative perceptions (37%) of immunotherapy than patients (9%). Negative perceptions of both chemotherapy and immunotherapy were mainly due to side effects and perceived lack of effectiveness.

Conclusions

Despite chemotherapy being standard first-line therapy for advanced BC, negative perceptions were identified on social media, particularly among caregivers. Addressing these negative perceptions of treatment may improve treatment adoption. Strengthening support for patients receiving chemotherapy and their caregivers to help them manage side effects and understand the role of chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced BC would potentially enable a more positive experience.
Drying Capacity Calculator Program for Paddy Using Sun Drying and Flatbed Drying Methods
Authors: Rome Reina Joy , Samson Catherine , Macabale, Jr. Nemecio
Published: March 2023

Studies have been conducted on developing software programs and applications using C language to simulate drying methods particularly in paddy rice. However, these studies focused on the design and simulation of different drying parameters using specific drying methods. Therefore, this project developed a software program calculator as a simple tool on calculating the drying capacity using sun drying and flatbed drying methods.

The study used four target moisture content to calculate the drying capacity based on different input parameters on each drying method. Results revealed that the higher the desired moisture content of paddy, the higher the drying capacity obtained in both sun drying and flatbed drying methods. In terms of drying time, result showed that the longer the drying time, the lower the drying capacity of paddy in both drying methods. Furthermore, it was concluded that the program calculator was able to calculate the final weight, drying weight loss, drying time and drying capacity of paddy in both sun drying and flatbed drying methods.
A Case Study in a Student with Mental Retardation: Findings and Proposed Intervention
Authors: Boukorou Anna
Published: March 2023

Mental retardation is a complex pathological condition of the individual, which hinders his/her overall individual and social development. In this context, the role of the school is considered particularly important, as overcoming the individual difficulties faced by a student with mental retardation requires the assessment of his/her educational needs and the preparation of an individualized education program that will respond to his/her particularities. The case study of a student with mild mental retardation through participatory observation contributed to the evaluation of the difficulties she faces and to the preparation of her individualized education program.
China-Africa Relations from the Perspective of the Belt and Road Initiative: Motivations, Characteristics and Prospects
Authors: Mingyu Wu
Published: March 2023

The Belt and Road Initiative is a major diplomatic strategy implemented by the Chinese government and a public good of worldwide significance. Africa has unique advantages such as abundant strategic resources and considerable market potential, and has become the focus of major countries. Strengthening China-Africa cooperation is of great significance to building a new type of international relations and building a community with a shared future for mankind. In recent years, China has become a major force in promoting Africa’s development. With its huge size and increasing strategic influence, China is playing an increasingly important role in global development with global development initiatives and the Belt and Road Initiative as its starting point. This is especially true in Africa: activities such as Chinese investment in Africa, as well as cooperation with other countries such as the United States, will enhance the capacity of low-income African countries to achieve sustainable development.
Some generalized Ostrowski type fractional integral inequalities for MT−convex functions with applications on special means
Authors: Hussain Sabir , Khalid Javairiya
Published: March 2023

Some generalized Ostrowski-type integral inequalities for r−times differentiable functions whose absolute values are MT−convex have been discussed. Moreover, some applications on special bivariate means are obtained.
Monophonic graphoidal covering number of corona product graphs
Authors: Titus P. , Subha M. , Santha Kumari S.
Published: March 2023

In a graph G, a chordless path is called a monophonic path. A collection ψm of monophonic paths in G is called a monophonic graphoidal cover of G if every vertex of G is an internal vertex of at most one monophonic path in ψm and every edge of G is in exactly one monophonic path in ψm. The monophonic graphoidal covering number ηm(G) of G is the minimum cardinality of a monophonic graphoidal cover of G. In this paper, we find the monophonic graphoidal covering number of corona product of some standard graphs.
Construction of Derivation Trees of Plus Weighted Context Free Grammars
Authors: Saridha S , Jothika T.
Published: March 2023

Abstract: The core of this paper is to construct Derivation Trees of Plus Weighted Context Free Grammars and the bonding between Plus weighted Context Free grammar and Plus weighted Context Free Dendrosystem is established.