bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovación de las industrias manufactureras peruanas: Un análisis de las determinantes de los bienes y servicios introducidos al mercado
Authors: Ortiz Chávez Miguel Angel
Published: May 2024

This paper addresses the determinants of the introduction of new goods and services, or significant improvements in existing ones, in the market (product innovation) by firms in the manufacturing sector. Using data from the 2018 Peru National Innovation Survey, count models are employed, specifically the Poisson Regression Model (RPM) and the Zero Inflated Poisson Model (ZIP). The findings reveal that research and development (R&D) spending and innovation training have the largest significant impact on the number of innovations introduced. In addition, a significant effect of firm size and collaboration with universities and/or firms on the product innovation process is observed. These results contribute to a better understanding of the drivers of innovation in the manufacturing industry.
Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Persepsi Masyarakat Adat Pesisir Mengenai Vaksinasi COVID-19
Authors: Dusra Ety , Fataruba Iswandi , Dusra Epi
Published: May 2024

Keberhasilan program vaksinasi COVID-19 dipengaruhi oleh persepsi, akan tetapi masih banyak masyarakat memiliki persepsi negatife seperti keamanan, serta efek samping mengenai vaksin, sehingga menimbulkan sikap ragu. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan dan kepercayaan masyarakat adat pesisir dengan persepsi terhadap vaksin COVID-19. Jenis penelitian cross sectional study, dengan sampel sebanyak 40 keluarga di Dusun Rohua. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan (0,022<0,05) masyarakat adat pesisir, sedangkan kepercayaan (0,316>0,05) tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan persepsi terhadap vaksin COVID-19. Kesimpulannya, diperlukan upaya guna membentuk persepsi positif. Penyebaran informasi di berbagai platform media massa. Saran dari penelitian ini adalah perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menambahkan variabel internal maupun variabel eksternal.
Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Serawai
Authors: Sunarti  , Kurniati Paskalia Tri , Amartani Rizki , Lestari Arum Seftiani
Published: May 2024

Stunting adalah salah satu bentuk gizi kurang yang ditandai dengan tinggi badan menurut umur diukur dengan standar deviasi dengan referensi. Anak-anak dengan ukuran <-2 unit SD median dari populasi acuan dianggap stunting, dan anak-anak dengan pengukuran <-3SD unit median dari populasi acuan dianggap severe stunting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Serawai tahun 2023. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional, populasi sebanyak 286 balita dan dengan rumus Stanley lemeshow didapatkan 167 sampel dengan tehnik sampling purposive Sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner tertutup dengan cara wawancara. Analisa data dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square. Ada hubungan pengetahuan (p value = 0,008), pendapatan keluarga (p value =0,011), kunjungan posyandu(p value =0,022), sarana sanitasi dasar (p value =0,031) dan asupan gizi (p value =0,022) dengan kejadian stunting pada Balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Serawai tahun 2023.Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Serawai Tahun 2023 adalah faktor pengetahuan, pendapatan keluarga, kunjungan posyandu, sarana sanitasi dasar dan asupan gizi.
On harmonic and asymptotically harmonic Finsler manifolds
Authors: Shah Hemangi , Taha Ebtsam H.
Published: May 2024

In the present paper we introduce and investigate some types of harmonic
Finsler manifolds and find out the interrelation between them. We give some characterizations of such spaces in terms of the Finsler mean curvature of geodesic spheres and the
Finsler Laplacian of the distance function induced by the Finsler metric. We investigate
some properties of the Finsler mean curvature of geodesic spheres of different radii. We
prove that certain harmonic Finsler manifolds are of isotropic S-curvature and isotropic
Ricci curvature. Moreover, we give some examples of non-Riemannian Finsler harmonic
manifolds of constant flag curvature and constant S-curvature. Finally, we provide a technique to construct harmonic Finsler manifolds of Randers type.
Misappropriation of Assets, Improper Expenses Recognition and Financial Performance of Listed Non-Financial Firms in Nigeria
Authors: Dzarsa Dauda John
Published: May 2024

The Nigerian business landscape, like many others globally, faces persistent challenges related to corporate misconduct, ethical lapses, and accounting irregularities. These challenges have the potential to undermine not only the financial integrity of individual firms but also the overall health and stability of the nation’s financial markets. Given the foregoing, this study examined the effect of misappropriation of assets and improper expenses recognition on financial performance of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. To achieve these objectives, longitudinal research design was employed and the study employed twenty (20) listed non-financial firms that had consistently published their audited annual financial reports from 2008 to 2022, and analyzed the data using panel multiple regression technique with the help of statistical tools (E-view 10). The result of the study revealed that both misappropriation of assets and improper expenses recognition had positive and insignificant effect on financial performance of listed non-financial firms in Nigeria. Thus, this study concluded that both misappropriation of assets and improper expenses recognition does not appear to be a primary driver of financial success or failure for the listed non-financial firms under study. The study recommended that listed non-financial firms should encourage a mindset of continuous improvement throughout the organization and seek opportunities to optimize operations and financial performance, even if misappropriation of assets and improper expenses recognition are not a significant issue.
Social Medias’ Influence on Political Participation of Social Studies Students in Davao Central College
Authors: Banzon Denniel John L. , Peladas Sherlyn A. , Salar Hannah A. , Sale Angelica G. , Basinas Alnajs Q. , Sappayani Alkhaser V.
Published: May 2024

The study was conducted to explore the social medias’ influence on political participation of Social Studies students in Davao Central College. The study took place in Toril, Davao City. The study identified fourteen 4th year Social Studies students as participants of the study through an in-depth-interview in Davao Central College. The study conducted in the month of March 2023 and is carried out through qualitative research method in a phenomenological approach. Moreover, the researchers prepared and organized data for analysis. Then, reducing the data into themes through a process of coding and condensing the codes, and finally presenting the data intablesto come up with the discussion, implications and recommendations. This was mainly to know the social medias’ influence on political participation of Social Studies students in Davao Central College. The study emerged three themes on the social medias’ influence on political participation of Social Studies students, these are data collection, impactful, and responsible use of social media.
Rice Production in Davao Region: A Time Series Model
Authors: Lonzaga Sheila B. , Loyola Cristhian T. , Miguel Francis Jules C. , Anania Nil Christopher V.
Published: May 2024

This study generates trend analysis on the data of rice production and farm gate price, insights on the initiatives to address issues on rice production and farm gate price and relevance of the quantitative data and initiatives. This paper employed the five-tier model of the Theory of Needs by Abraham Maslow which solidifies the urgency of analyzing trends in rice production and farm gate prices to gauge their implication for the food security of humans (Mcleod, 2020). As such, this study utilized a mixed method of quantitative and qualitative design. Trend analysis and moving average were used for the quantitative aspect while content analysis and systems synthesis for the qualitative part. This study did not require any interviews because it used secondary data from open-source statistics. Findings show that rice production and farm gate prices seemed to be affected following the Rice Tariffication Law (RTL) passage. Following the deregulation, rice imports have significantly increased, resulting in the prices at the farm gate declining (Briones, 2019). Moreover, the communal irrigation initiative for the Davao Region should also be examined for the decrease in rice production during the 13th (January-March 2020) and 17th (January-March 2021) caused by the periodic dry season of rice. As this study focuses on a regional scope, the researchers recommend future researchers conduct national studies on a broader spectrum, to examine government actions on rice production and farm gate prices, and to provide a nationally appropriate hypothesis. Other techniques may also be used by future researchers such as in-depth interviews with farmers providing a more comprehensive view of the data and evaluating the impact of government efforts.
Effects of Organisational Values on Employee Performance: A Study of Selected Multinational Corporations in Lagos State, Nigeria
Authors: ATURU-AGHEDO Caroline , CHUKWUMA Nancy Nnenna , ADEGBOLA Eunice Abimbola , ARAGA Abdullahi Shehu , UME Eucharia , OKHIRIA Vincent Omozojie
Published: May 2024

The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of organisational values on employee performance: a study of selected multinational corporations in Lagos state in Nigeria. A total of three hundred and fifty (357) copies of questionnaire were administered to the entire staff of five multinational corporations, i.e., Cadbury Nigeria Plc, PZ Cussons Nigeria Plc, Unilever Nigeria Plc, Nestle Nigeria Plc and Vitaform Nigeria Plc in Lagos State, Nigeria while three hundred and fifty (350) were fully completed and returned. The analysis was carried out using Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS). Simple percentages were adopted to analyze the responses of the questionnaire while linear regression statistics were used to analyze the hypotheses raised in this study. The findings show that there is a strong and positive relationship between integrity and employee performance multinational in Lagos, Nigeria. The findings also show that there is a strong and positive relationship between innovation and employee performance multinational in Lagos, Nigeria. Again, the findings show that there is a strong and positive relationship between collaboration and employee performance multinational in Lagos, Nigeria. Furthermore, the findings show that there is a strong and positive relationship between teamwork and employee performance multinational in Lagos, Nigeria. Finally, the findings show that there is a strong and positive relationship between passion and employee performance multinational in Lagos, Nigeria. The study, therefore concluded that there is a strong and positive relationship between organisational values and employee performance multinational in Lagos, Nigeria. It was recommended that management lead by example and ensure employees imbibe and adhere to organisational values expected of them. It was also suggested that further studies should be replicated in other sectors, either in the public or private sectors.
Influence of Management of Physical Facilities on Quality of Education in Selected Private Universities in Kenya
Authors: Nduta Beth Githaiga , Itegi Florence M. , Muchanje Peter N.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to assess the influence of management of physical facilities on quality of education in selected private universities in Kenya. The study aimed to investigate the deans of schools, heads of department and lecturers’ perceptions towards management of physical facilities on quality of education in private universities in Kenya.
Methodology: The study used two types of research instruments, namely; lecturers’ Questionnaire; and deans of schools and departmental heads’ Interview Guide. Data was analyzed used mixed methods, involving qualitative and quantitative techniques.
Findings: The study revealed that most of the respondents disagreed that there were adequate physical facilities which affected the quality of education in selected private universities in Kenya. Further, there was a significant positive correlation between management of physical facilities and quality of education in private universities.
Unique contribution to theory policy and practice: The study recommends that the managers of private universities should ensure allocation of more funds for construction and maintenance of physical facilities for realization of quality education.
Neo-Prophetism and the Commercialisation of Religion in Ghana
Authors: Anderson Jnr George , Tweneboah Seth
Published: May 2024

Drawing on the commercialisation of religious items and services by Ghana’s neo-prophetic actors, this paper seeks to draw a relationship between existential insecurity, reliance on religion and associated abuses. The paper brings to the fore the factors that push religious followers to patronise the services of prophetic actors. It contends that a symbiotic dependence between prophetic actors and their followers in terms of what the paper identifies as religious dependence, opportunism and interdependency fuels and fans the commercialization of religion in the Ghanaian neo-prophetic Christianity. The paper also interrogates the ways in which the attempt to meet the demands of religious consumers yields itself to certain forms of violations and abuses. The paper does this via the qualitative approach to research with interviews and participant observation
Teores de carbono orgânico em sedimento de viveiros de alevinagem de tambaqui
Authors: Bay Hurtado Fernanda , Satia Costa  , Pontes Wesley Paulo , Figueiredo Fabiano Moreira , Webler Alberto Dresch
Published: May 2024

A piscicultura no estado de Rondônia é caracterizada por adotar, em sua grande maioria, os viveiros escavados sem geomembrana. O efeito de elevadas densidades de estocagem e sobras de rações com nutrientes são fatores decisivos para a deterioração da qualidade do ambiente de cultivo, bem como fatores desencadeadores de doenças que se dispersam rapidamente no meio devido à eutrofização da água. Objetivou-se a análise os teores de carbono orgânico do sedimento de viveiros escavados utilizados na criação de alevinos de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum). O estudo foi realizado na piscicultura Vale do Rio Machado, localizada na linha 20, setor BR da área rural do município de Presidente Médici, Rondônia. As amostras de sedimento foram coletadas com auxílio de um coletor simples em seis viveiros de alevinagem (V01, V02, V03, V04, V12 e V13) considerando uma profundidade de 0 a 20 cm, em três pontos dentro do viveiro (triplicata): próximos à entrada de água, no meio do viveiro e próximo à saída de água, com exceção dos viveiros 01 e 02, uma vez que se concentram em mesmo ponto a entrada e saída, bem como a entrada e o meio do viveiro, respectivamente. A dinâmica do carbono orgânico no sedimento está diretamente interligada ao fluxo de água existente nos viveiros
A Reliable and Equitable Attribute-Based Proxy Re-encryption System for Cloud Data Sharing
Authors: Rishi N  , S Anu Priya2
Published: May 2024

The widespread acceptance and quick growth of cloud computing have made data sharing easier than ever before. What is preventing widespread adoption of cloud computing, however, is how to guarantee the security of the user's data in the cloud. Safe data sharing in cloud computing can be achieved through the use of proxy re-encryption. With the use of a semi trusted cloud server, a data owner can encrypt shared data in the cloud using their own public key, converting it into an encryption meant only for authorized recipients to control access. To help us grasp this fundamental better, this paper provides a thorough and motivating overview of re-encryption of proxy servers from a variety of angles. For granular access control of shared data, Ciphertext-Policy Attribute based Aes (CP-ABE) is a possible cryptographic primitive. Each user in CP-ABE has a set of attributes, and access structures based on attributes are used to encrypt data. If and only if a user's characteristics meet the requirements of the ciphertext access structure, the user can decrypt a ciphertext. Practical applications typically call for additional requirements in addition to this fundamental one. Our research centers on the significant problem of attribute revocation, which poses a challenge for CP-ABE methods
Supply Chain Optimization in the Package Industry through Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Ashok. R  , Priya. R
Published: May 2024

The package industry relies heavily on efficient supply chain management to meet customer demands and maintain profitability. However, managing complex supply chains involving multiple suppliers, transportation networks, and distribution channels poses significant challenges. This research proposes a machine learning-based approach to optimize supply chain operations in the package industry. By analysing historical data on supply chain activities, including procurement, inventory management, and distribution, our system aims to identify patterns and trends to improve decision-making processes. Machine learning algorithms such as support vector machine, naive Bayes, and logistic regression are utilized to forecast demand, optimize inventory levels, and streamline logistics operations. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in enhancing supply chain efficiency and reducing operational costs in the package industry.
Identify Cricket Shots using Machine Learning
Authors: Prof. Bhakti Puranik  , Swayam Nikam  , Piyush Sandhan  , Vedant Sadgir  , Avishkar Jadhav
Published: May 2024

Cricket shot detection is a game-changing technology that offers deep insights into player performance and match data, completely changing the way the sport is played. The main elements and importance of cricket shot detection systems are explored in this abstract. Using computer vision and machine learning techniques, the system examines video footage of cricket matches to accurately detect and classify every shot made by batsmen. Shot types (such as cover drive, pull, or leg glance), shot trajectories, and success rates are among the important data it retrieves. Numerous stakeholders in the cricketing ecosystem find diverse uses for cricket shot detection. It provides coaches and professional athletes with an unmatched post-match analysis tool that helps with strategic planning and performance enhancement.The method is used by team analysts to create winning strategies by gaining insight into opponents' shot patterns. Shot detection provides compelling visualizations and real-time shot labels in the broadcasting domain, enhancing the viewing experience. While talent scouts and cricket organizations use technology to find players and nurture talent, cricket enthusiasts profit from comprehensive shot data. This abstract highlight cricket shot detection's potential and adaptability, highlighting how it can revolutionize the cricket industry. Technology keeps improving the game, empowering players, and enthralling spectators with a deeper comprehension of the sport. Several sports have received a lot of attention and popularity recently. Many people were pining for live sports action during the height of the recent outbreak because there were no sporting activities. With millions of devoted fans who watch the games with emotion, cricket is one of the most respected sports in India. Enticed by the game, fans frequently conduct in-depth evaluations of certain players, focusing on their skills and shot choices. A greater number of people are interested in assessing players' performances in order to make wise choices for fantasy teams, especially in light of the popularity of fantasy leagues and related services. Automation presents a potential solution to the significantly time-consuming and manual process of detecting cricket batters' shots. In order to accomplish its goals, this study uses deep learning in the form of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to present an efficient method for evaluating cricket strokes
Thermal Screening UAV for Solar Panels and Electric Towers
Authors: Prof. S. G. Dighe  , Sarita S. Kangane  , Shweta T. Kanwade  , Shubham R. Sonawane
Published: May 2024

These days, enormous windmills, solar panels, heating towers, and power plants are frequently situated in isolated locations and may experience heating problems. The operator must climb to these high places and search for heating problems to identify these problems. Therefore, there is a risk to life. Sending numerous crews with protective gear to various towers and panels comes at a considerable cost. It takes a great deal of time to climb each tower and carefully inspect for problems. Therefore, we suggest a replacement solution that uses a thermal screening drone to quickly and efficiently check for heating problems. To ensure extended range control during flying, the drone is equipped with a controller.
The thermal sensor can have a limited resolution and be unable to detect problems with thermal heating from things that are close together. Using a raspberry pi, the thermal sensor footage is captured for subsequent review. As a result, the thermal screening procedure is automated and made safer by the drone. We will facilitate the process and assist industries in taking more care of safety to prevent mishaps in this way
CRM Model for Smart Kid’z Preschool
Authors: Rutuja Pandharpatte  , Sakshi Nanavare  , Preeti Dhavale  , Sukanya Ghodake  , Dr. C. S. Shinde
Published: May 2024

Customer relationship management is abbreviated as CRM. Customer relationship management is not a new concept by any means. Businesses are investing more and more in order to better understand and serve their customers, since it is now commonly understood that this will have a significant impact on their future performance and profitability. Although the idea of customer relationship management has existed since people first began trading goods, the name "CRM" didn't officially exist until the mid-1990s. Businesses are already investing billions of dollars on customer relationship management (CRM) solutions, which are programs and services that help companies manage customer relationships more successfully across all direct and indirect customer channels. A new tool is required to move data from the current database to the server side, where it can be imported or previewed in a CRM database
Computational Hemodynamic Analysis of a Patient Specific Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Arslan Aykut Can , Salman Hüseyin Enes
Published: May 2024

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a cardiovascular disease caused by the enlargement of the aorta in the abdomen over time. Unless treated, the growth of AAA continues, resulting in 80% death in the case of rupture. Today, the width of the aneurysm diameter is taken into account in clinical practice to examine the status of AAA. Although there are aneurysms that do not rupture despite reaching a diameter of 9 cm, it is reported that aneurysms with a diameter of 3 cm are ruptured in several cases. Therefore, analyzing only the AAA diameter is not a reliable method, and a deeper investigation is necessary for the rupture risk assessment. In this study, a patient's situation is analyzed using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, which allows to elucidate the flow dependent parameters such as velocity, vorticity, pressure, and wall shear stress (WSS). First, the patient-specific geometry was obtained and boundary conditions were defined at the inlet and the outlet of the flow domain. The effects of intraluminal thrombus (ILT) formation and patient’s effort conditions were also included in the analysis. According to the results, WSS and vorticity increase with the increasing blood flow velocity. In terms of the rupture risk, it has been found that the effect of patient’s effort level is more critical than the amount of ILT in the AAA.
The Origins of Slavery, Freedom, and Jim Crow in the Cradle of Liberty, 1638–1896
Authors: Miletsky Zebulon Vance
Published: May 2024

Chapter one focuses on the early origins of Boston’s black community, both enslaved and free, which grew up around Boston’s waterfront and wharves, particularly in the North slope of the Beacon Hill neighborhood. Boston’s seafaring trade made great fortunes and brought a great mixing of peoples. Central to this history was the trans-Atlantic slave trade. As such, from its inception, notions of liberty, democracy and independence in Boston were intertwined with the tragic paradox of racialized slavery. It was not until a court decision in 1783 that slavery was outlawed in Massachusetts, the same year the Revolutionary War ended. By that point, racialized slavery had been a fact of Boston life for roughly 150 years, making a deep and lasting impact on “the cradle of liberty.” Explores early campaigns by Boston’s black community to achieve educational opportunity and equality, establishing education, broadly, and schools, specifically, as key sites of racial struggle. In effect, this period is notable for twin struggles around educational equality.
Mobilizing for Freedom
Authors: Miletsky Zebulon Vance
Published: May 2024

This chapter focuses on the emergence of a new generation of black political leadership in the post-war period and their efforts to challenge a range of issues within the context of a rising national movement for racial justice. Otto and Muriel Snowden’s Freedom House, a non-profit, community-based organization in Roxbury founded in 1949 and dedicated to civil rights and the empowerment of the African American community held social events, but also a series of lectures, debates and “coffee hours,” which fueled intergenerational discussion of pressing political issues. It was from this milieu that legendary Boston civil rights leader, Ruth Batson, emerged. “Operation Exodus,” an innovative, self-funded, community-based effort led by Ellen Jackson and METCO, a voluntary school desegregation busing program is also discussed. METCO became a national model for voluntary desegregation programs across the US. The second strand in this chapter explores a new cadre of young civil rights leaders and the linkages between Boston-area college campuses and local community organizing campaigns, like the Boston Action Group (BAG), a student-clergy alliance. Overall, this chapter underscores the many ways black Bostonians drove local civil rights campaigns through the mid-1960s.
Ybor City
Authors: McNamara Sarah
Published: May 2024

Decades before Miami became Havana USA, a wave of leftist, radical, working-class women and men from prerevolutionary Cuba crossed the Florida Straits, made Ybor City the global capital of the Cuban cigar industry, and established the foundation of latinidad in the Sunshine State. Located on the eastern edge of Tampa, Ybor City was a neighborhood of cigar workers and Caribbean revolutionaries who sought refuge against the shifting tides of international political turmoil during the early half of the twentieth century. Historian Sarah McNamara tells the story of immigrant and U.S.-born Latinas/os who organized strikes, marched against fascism, and criticized U.S. foreign policy. While many members of the immigrant generation maintained their dedication to progressive ideals for years to come, those who came of age in the wake of World War II distanced themselves from leftist politics amidst the Red Scare and the wrecking ball of urban renewal. This portrait of the political shifts that defined Ybor City highlights the underexplored role of women’s leadership within movements for social and economic justice as it illustrates how people, places, and politics become who and what they are.
Introduction
Authors: McNamara Sarah
Published: May 2024

The Introduction provides and overview of the book and key themes that invite readers to interrogate the meaning of Cuban Americanness, migration, immigration, Latina activism, and community formation. The author introduces an important concept—the story of Ybor City is one of how people, places, and politics become who and what they are. They illustrate the importance of understanding the U.S. South and particularly Florida as a place and state with considerable political import. Particular attention it paid to the difference between Tampa and Miami communities including the importance of understanding migration patterns. The introduction follows a narrative format where the author introduces her family history and how working to understand a place also means reconsidering oneself and the history that defines the individual.
Remaking
Authors: McNamara Sarah
Published: May 2024

Chapter 4, “Remaking,” follows Ybor City Latinas and Latinos as they remade their public image, remade their politics, and remade their community once the Cuban cigar industry fell into disrepair from World War II through the 1960s. The lessons from this chapter illustrate how people from this community navigated latinidad against great challenges as they worked to survive and endure outside the place that gave meaning to what it meant to be from and of Ybor.
Mob Law
Authors: Behnken Brian D.
Published: May 2024

This chapter examines mob violence by exploring extralegal justice that masqueraded as a legal justice. Mob law acted in tandem with legitimate law enforcement and served to additionally cement American power and control in the region. Many Americans argued that the law did not exist or that it was inadequate to curbing Mexican criminality, even though White people had established numerous criminal justice institutions. But mobs did not really care about justice, instead they mainly sought revenge and the ability to control the fate of someone accused of a crime. The lynchings and attempting lynching discussed in this chapter all serve as examples of vigilantism trying to stand in for legitimate justice. It also demonstrates some of the ways Mexican-origin people resisted this violence, including on occasion exercising extralegal justice themselves.
Orientation
Authors: Wigginton Caroline
Published: May 2024

“Orientation” hinges on the multicentury cartographies of the Upper Mississippi River Valley’s Indigenous communities. Through monumental (e.g., rock art, effigy mounds) and ephemeral (e.g., pottery, tobacco pipes) forms of craftwork, these communities oriented themselves again and again to the shifting mundane and sacred worlds around them. “Orientation” shows how Euro-American surveyor and mapmaker Jonathan Carver in turn oriented himself and his 1760s travel narrative to those nations’ cartographic craftwork, and how contemporary artists like Dylan AT Miner (registered citizen of the Métis Nation of Ontario), Allison Adele Hedge Coke (Cherokee, Huron, Creek), Tommy Orange (enrolled member of the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma), and Santiago X (Koasati, Hacha’Maori) activate earthworks and mound making as monumental, graphic, and digital craft to coordinate various communities to urban and global Indigenous spaces.
Translation
Authors: Wigginton Caroline
Published: May 2024

“Translation” attends to the microecologies of light, plant life, and land- and waterscape that underpinned Indigenous conceptions of color and place in the southeastern region of North America. The chapter bring James Adair’s The History of the American Indians (1775) alongside French manuscript travel accounts to argue that colonists documenting this connection between place and color leveraged their newfound knowledge to displace Native nations in the Southeast. Then, turning to Choctaw and Chickasaw vocabularies, “Translation” demonstrates how these same nations created new relationships to place through color after forced removal. Chapter 3 concludes by turning to the poetry of Linda Hogan (Chickasaw) and Phillip Carroll Morgan (Choctaw and Chickasaw) and the film and sculptural art of Jeffrey Gibson (Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, Cherokee) to illuminate how color persists as a decolonial archive.
The Miners’ Share
Authors: Studnicki-Gizbert Daviken
Published: May 2024

The chapter examines the resistance of mine workers to the harms and over-exploitation produced by mining and smelting work. It focuses on the partido, the customary - even if strictly-speaking illegal - claim that miners made on the richest portion of the ores extracted from the mine. This practice was both ubiquitous and well-defended in Cerro de San Pedro, and across the mining districts of Spanish and Portuguese America. In this chapter, the partido is analyzed as the expression of a moral ecology through which miners rectified the negative reciprocities inherent in extractivism. The chapter also narrates the efforts of the Bourbon monarchy to rein in the partido, and the major rebellions that this triggered both at the Cerro de San Pedro and elsewhere.
A Contemporary Moral Ecology
Authors: Studnicki-Gizbert Daviken
Published: May 2024

The chapter examines the ideologies and practices of the social movement that emerged in defense of the Cerro de San Pedro and against the open-pit mining project. It argues that despite the heterogeneous and only loosely coordinated nature of this movement, it came together under a common moral ecology opposed to the negative reciprocities of contemporary open-pit mining. The chapter also offers a tour of the different political practices and tactics adopted by the movement - direct action, community referendums, political theatre, the mobilization of history - and each is compared with other similar examples drawn from elsewhere on the continent.
White Backlash
Authors: Grego Caroline
Published: May 2024

This chapter uses a series of petitions from Black farmers from the Clara Barton Papers, personal correspondence, diaries, and newspaper articles to survey the strategies of white backlash to the Red Cross recovery effort. In an increasingly desperate series of attacks that depicted white South Carolinians as the true victims of both the hurricane and outside intervention, white elites in South Carolina repudiated the need for aid at all, accused the Red Cross of racial favoritism, and plotted to dislodge the Red Cross from the Lowcountry. White supremacists saw the Red Cross’s presence and actions as an insidious threat to their nascent Jim Crow project to subjugate African Americans economically, politically, and socially. However, African Americans fought back and successfully used their alliance with the Red Cross to bolster their recovery from the hurricane. This chapter thus presents a rare southern story set about the failures, however temporary, of white backlash against carefully preserved Black autonomy.
Domestic Institutions?
Authors: Haumesser Lauren N.
Published: May 2024

This chapter shows how Republicans and Democrats used gender tactics in the debates over popular sovereignty in Kansas and Utah. In the election of 1856, Republicans claimed that popular sovereignty had created chaos in Kansas, with its “domestic institution” of slavery, and in Utah, with its “domestic institution” of polygamy. Republicans alleged that the Democratic doctrine of popular sovereignty—the right of men to vote on which domestic institutions their state would allow—meant that Democrats supported Mormon polygamy. Northern Democrats were set back on their heels by this attack, but a year later, they used the same tactic—analogizing marriage to slavery—to argue against the ratification of Kansas’ fraudulent Lecompton Constitution. If southern Democrats would never prevent men from making their own laws on marriage, why were they rejecting men’s right to make their own laws on slavery?
Narratives of Slavery and the Stamp Act
Authors: Hutchins Zachary McLeod
Published: May 2024

As John Dickinson and other white colonists in North America began self-identifying as slaves oppressed by Parliament, enslaved black Africans attempted to cultivate sympathy for their own oppression. Black African poets like Caesar and Phillis Wheatley Peters expressed their outrage over the Stamp Act in solidarity with white colonists even as they called for abolition. In response to Dickinson’s Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania, J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur wrote Letters from an American Farmer, arguing that British tax policy enriched the colonies and that only a suffering black African could author a slave narrative. The War of American Independence settled the debate between Dickinson and Crèvecoeur; since white colonists no longer suffered under British rule, there was no longer a pretense for their use of slavery as a metaphor describing their oppression.
Management Militarization, Vigilante Traditions, and Incarceration in Northern Idaho, 1890–1900
Authors: Pearson Chad E.
Published: May 2024

This chapter presents an analysis of Mine Owners during two remarkable labor conflicts in northern Idaho. These two confrontations, one in 1892 and another in 1899, pit unionized mine workers against the owners in. In both cases, the mine owners collaborated with state and federal troops to suppress these uprisings. And in both cases, authorities’ mass arrested union members and placed them in open air prisons knowns as “bull pens.” These were essentially concentration camps. This chapter looks at the agony of the incarceration process. In both cases, anti-union employers in Idaho and elsewhere celebrated this type of punishment. This chapter shows the close collaboration between politicians representing both mainstream partes and members of the local ruling class.
Kindness Matters
Authors: Stein Michael
Published: May 2024

Does a doctor’s kindness matter for patient outcomes? This chapter examines four clinical studies that may provide evidence for the effects of kindness.
Collective Action and Indigenous Civil Society
Authors: Lupien Pascal
Published: May 2024

This chapter opens with an overview of the 2019 uprisings in Bolivia, Ecuador and Chile, and contrasts these with large scale protests of the 1990s and 2000s. It provides an historical overview of Indigenous social movements in the three countries but also reviews relevant theoretical literature. It covers theoretical frameworks related to citizenship and collective action (resource mobilization, political structure, framing), and it examines how Indigenous civil society has traditionally blended disruptive protest tactics with participation in state institutions. The chapter also engages with theory on how movements are using digital technologies in the 21st century, touching on networked movements and connective action, as well as the barriers Indigenous movements face using these tools. The chapter argues that while Indigenous civil society uses digital technologies they do not rely on them, and this can be a strength. Here, it introduces the author’s concept of multi-scalar positioning: political action that includes both confrontational (“uncivic”) and cooperative (“civic”) approaches, and takes place on multiple, overlapping scales (within and between communities, nationally and internationally, within state institutions and semi-autonomous participatory mechanisms, and increasingly in the virtual world).
Making Fit Citizens
Authors: Purkiss Ava
Published: May 2024

This chapter argues that in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, African American women linked physical fitness to ideas of “civic fitness” and perceived their bodies as sites of citizenship making. It explores how African American women used Black physical culture to challenge old and emerging racialized ideas about indolence, the deterioration of the Black body, and Black people’s supposed unfitness for citizenship. By moving away from categories of labor, caretaking, and political organizing, this chapter uses exercise to offer a novel account of African American women’s physical and civic aspirations.
The Roots of Coalition Building
Authors: Johnson Diana K.
Published: May 2024

This chapter analyses and chronicles the United Construction Workers’ Association (UCWA), formed in 1970. The chapter positions the UCWA as key to the foundations of larger patterns of multiracial coalition building stemming from Seattle’s neighborhoods of color. This also depended upon activism at the St. Peter Claver Center which is discussed here.
Striking the Knowledge Factory
Authors: Higgins Andrew Stone
Published: May 2024

Chapter two argues that the Free Speech Movement (FSM) at UC Berkeley was a direct critique and refutation of the model of higher education established by Master Plan architect Clark Kerr. While it was Kerr’s misrule over the UC that sparked the FSM, his views on education informed the content of student-activists’ critiques. As a crisis emerged at Berkeley over the right to participate in political organizing on campus, Kerr’s views on higher education became the target of a campus librarian, Hal Draper, who provided an intellectual framework for understanding the clash between student protesters and the university administration. In framing the movement’s rejection of the Cold War vision of education proffered by Clark Kerr, Draper became a mentor to leading FSM activists Mario Savio and Jack Weinberg.
Their Struggle Is Our Struggle
Authors: Higgins Andrew Stone
Published: May 2024

Chapter six shows that, rather than fostering a narrow nationalism, the racial exclusions embedded in the Master Plan inspired a wave of multiracial activism on campuses across California. At the UC, CSU, and community college levels, student activists worked together, forming alliances and rainbow coalitions to increase the recruitment and matriculation of diverse working-class youth. This activism was directed, quite consciously, at the exclusionary admissions standards enacted by the Master Plan in 1960. The chapter succinctly explores the Third World Liberation Front (TWLF) at San Francisco State College, which carried out a five month long strike for affirmative action and ethnic studies. The successful strike at SF State established a model for other campus struggles throughout California, including the Third World Strike at UC Berkeley, the Lumumba-Zapata coalition at UC San Diego, and interracial alliances organized at various community colleges.
Conclusion
Authors: Higgins Andrew Stone
Published: May 2024

The conclusion explores the history of the California Master Plan for Higher Education from the 1970s to the 2010s. Despite the victories of student activists in establishing Educational Opportunity Programs, the tide turned against affirmative action with the Supreme Court ruling in the Bakke case. As the state curtailed investment in higher education, the ruling against racial quotas served to slow progress in eliminating the racial achievement gap in education.
Undocumented and Irish
Authors: Goodman Carly
Published: May 2024

When the Irish economy faltered in the 1980s, many Irish emigrants headed to US shores to find their footing. But they found they could not access the immigrant visas that previous generations of Irish immigrants had been able to. The problem these immigrants (known sometimes as the “New Irish”) identified was that US immigration policy no longer favored the Irish since the Immigration Act of 1965 (also known as the Hart-Celler Act). Now, a new public focus on undocumented immigration more broadly threatened this group’s sense of belonging in America.
Making Moral Citizens
Authors: Delehanty Jack
Published: May 2024

This fascinating book takes readers inside the world of faith-based progressive community organizing, one of the largest and most effective social justice movements in the United States. Drawing on rich ethnographic observation and in-depth interviews, Jack Delehanty shows how organizers use religion to build power for change. As Delehanty convincingly demonstrates, religion is more than beliefs, doctrines, and rituals; within activist communities, it also fuels a process of personal reflection and relationship building that transforms people's understandings of themselves, those around them, and the political system. Relational practices like one-on-one conversation and public storytelling take on new significance in faith-based community organizations. Delehanty reveals how progressive organizers use such relational practices to help people see common ground across lines of race, class, and religious sect. From this common ground, organizers work to develop and deploy shared ideas of moral citizenship that emphasize common dignity, equity, and prosperity and nurture the sense that public action is the only way one can live out religious faith.
Conclusion
Authors: Delehanty Jack
Published: May 2024

The conclusion wraps up the book by explaining the implications of the analysis for the study of religion and activism in modern life, as well as our understanding of how civic groups and grassroots democracy work. Discussions cover the relationship between religious organizing and the secular left, the implications of deepening inequality and diminishing social solidarity for faith-based and other forms of organizing, and how faith-based organizing both reflects and seems poised to help drive further changes in the American religious landscape.
El Hielo anda suelto por esas calles (ICE Is Loose in the Streets)
Authors: Arriaga Felicia
Published: May 2024

Local law enforcement engagement in immigration enforcement is typically viewed as a binary engagement where agencies either do or do not participate in enforcement practices, where the former is often only defined as more intrusive enforcement practices characteristic of 287(g) programs. Yet, this simplistic understanding distracts from other means of communication, collaboration, and financial exchanges with Immigration and Customs Enforcement. This chapter describes the variety of collaboration, correspondence, and communication occurring locally between federal ICE agencies and local agencies. Findings suggest that even if local law enforcement is not actively “rounding up” individuals that even the most progressive localities are in fact participating in collaborative efforts.
Leadership
Authors: Bailey Beth
Published: May 2024

In an attempt to solve its racial crisis, the US Army first turned to leadership and command, which offered a form of authority and enforcement not available in civilian society. The institution removed command from leaders who failed to manage the racial crisis, began evaluating leaders in Officer Efficiency Reports (OER) on how well they managed race, and developed leadership methods intended to stem the growing crisis. Recognizing that rank hierarchy could sometimes prevent senior officers from knowing what was happening in lower ranks, leaders expressed their faith in leadership in ways that undermined traditional principles based on the chain of command: by seeking out “natural” leaders among enlisted Black soldiers and creating “race relations councils” that skirted the chain of command (undermining the authority of NCOs and junior officers) to allow junior enlisted men to communicate directly with senior officers. Includes discussions of James Hobson, Darnell Summers, Maj. Gen. Frederic E. Davison; Gen. Michael S. Davison; Curtis Smothers; and Black Panther activism in West Germany.