bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Algorithm for Global Multi-Resolution Terrain Simulation Based on the Method of Hash Table
Authors: Liu Jia Jia , Luan Xiao Yan
Published: September 2013

During the simulation of global multi-resolution terrain environment, we need to build a multi-resolution terrain data cache pool and use a certain indexing mechanism. Based on the scheme of global data delamination and division by terrain data pyramid model structure, this paper presented a hash indexing algorithm adapted to terrain data block cache, and discussed the keyword design method and the collision solution method. Finally, some experiments on the key questions of hash technique including collision ratio and time cost are carried out.
The Visualization of Soil Moisture Based on VB and Surfer
Authors: Lin Jing , Yang Kai , Chen Hui , Wang Jia Yi , Zhang Chun Gui , Huang Chuan Rong
Published: September 2013

This article discusses the basic principle of how to use Visual Basic6.0 programming language called Surfer8.0 for embedded programming, describe the key technical, give an example of 32 automatic stations of soil moisture map of Fujian Province in China, through VB to call the drawing function of Surfer, full play the grid capacity and drawing functions of Surfer, performance visual graphics data. Display and output the city (county) and site map which can judge and measure the arid locations, will be of great help and guidance, provide scientific basis for the leadership decision-making.
Simulation of Nonlinear Transformer on Open and Short Circuit
Authors: Zeng An Ping
Published: September 2013

How to simulate open and short circuit nonlinear transformer on the condition that excitation impedance is vary with voltage?Fited equations of excitation resistance and magnetizing reactance vs input voltage according to experimental data of no-load transformer.Calculated short circuit parameters .Solved directly phasor equations of electromotive force and magnetomotive force equilibrium according to the fited equations and short circuit parameters using Mathematica software. Simulation can simulate experiment of open and short circuit transformer dynamically,and also can draw no-load and short circuit characteristics curve accurately. Simulation results have verified the efficiency of the method. It will increase the efficiency of transformer experiment or design.
Interest Distribution Model Based on the Line Loss Management in Distribution Network
Authors: Hu Qi Zhou , Zhang Xiu Ge , Huang Xun Cheng
Published: September 2013

With the trend of modernized management, the line loss management is becoming more and more professional and particularized. But, due to large potential economic interests in distribution network, some line loss management personnel are lured by economics interests and not easy to keep clean and honest. In the power system, one is to make the line loss index called the manager, the other is to check the actual line loss called the executor. Due to superior technical and management weakness in the line loss management, there exists prevailing information asymmetry between the managers and the executors. Therefore, some economic crime on some critical posts will arise, and this will harm public interest. So, it is critical to balance the interest distribution between the managers and the executors based on the line loss management in distribution network. The article created the differential equation model by taking advantage of ecological niches theory to research the game between the managers and the executors in the interest chain of the distribution network. By analyzing, the model has proved the reliability of the interest balance between the players in the line loss management. And then, a simulation model were given out. The conclusions are contributed to the line loss managerial department.
Numerical Simulation of the Gas Phase of Cyclone-Separator Sand Trap Based on ICEM CFD and FLUENT
Authors: Huang Yan , Zhao Man Quan , Liu Han Tao
Published: September 2013

This paper is based on Reynolds stress model and uses a very important tool called ICEM CFD,which is integrated in ANSYS Workbench to mesh the cyclone-separator sand trap. From the Hexahedral structured meshing and analysis of its internal gas movement of the cyclone-type sand trap, the results are shown that mesh quality meets the requirements of solver by using the advanced O-grid and Y meshing technology in the software of ICEM CFD. Moreover, the existence of the short-circuit flow and the secondary flow is proved in the analysis of speed of the gas phase in the cyclone-type sand trap. From the information above, optimize designers can chance the structure of the cyclone-type sand trap in order to improve the separation efficiency of the cyclone sand trap and then to provide more valuable parameters for assessing and analyzing the impact of stubble height and surface crop coverage on wind erosion.
The Effects of Parameters on HRSG Thermodynamic Performance
Authors: Feng Hong Cui , Zhong Wei , Wu Yan Ling , Tong Shui Guang
Published: September 2013

Changes of inlet temperature, mass flow rate and composition of flue gas, or of water/steam pressure and temperature in heat recovery steam generator (HRSG), all will modify the amount of waste heat recovered from flue gas; this brings forward a desire for the optimization of the design of HRSG. For single pressure HRSGs with given structures and specified values of inlet temperature, mass flow rate and composition of flue gas, the steam mass flow rate and gas outlet temperature of the HRSG are analyzed as functions of several parameters. This analysis is based on the laws of thermodynamics, incorporated into the energy balance equations for the heat exchangers. Those parameters are superheated steam pressure and temperature, feedwater temperature and pinch point temperature difference. It was shown that the gas outlet temperature could be lowered by selecting appropriate water/steam parameters and pinch point temperature difference. While operating with the suggested parameters, the HRSG can generate more high-quality steam, a fact of great significance for waste heat recovery from wider ranges of sources for better energy conservation.
Design of Bus Air-Conditioning Control System Based on PIC18F458
Authors: Miao Qiu Hua , Guan Zhi Guang
Published: September 2013

In this paper, a kind of efficient air-conditioning control system is proposed. PIC18F458 is adopted as main control unit of the system , which collects all kinds of analog singles such as temperature, humidity and so on, then convert them to digital by the A/D itself. After disposing and calculating each analog signal the system drives corresponding actuator to work to adjust temperature, humidity and cleanness of the air in bus, making passengers satisfied with air quality in bus.
Intensities of Hβ and Hγ in Hydrogen Plasma Spectrum with High RF Power Levels at ICP
Authors: Wang Song Bai , Lei Guang Jiu , Li Ming , Yu Li Ming , Bu Ying Nan , Ni Wei Yuan , Liu Lu , Liu Dong Ping , Yang Si Ze
Published: September 2013

In high-power RF ion source, three different regions of the Hβand Hγintensities in the Balmer series of spectral lines for atomic hydrogen plasma were investigated. Three different regions of the Hβand Hγintensities were detected by the increase of input power (0-6 kW) at ICP. In hydrogen plasma spectrum, the Hβand Hγintensities showed three processes: slowly increase, quickly increase and stable saturation. The Stark effect in strong electrical field plays a crucial role in dominating the Balmer Hβand Hγemissions from high-density RF plasma.
Theory Study on Polarizability and Dipole Moment of WmBn(m+n≤7) Clusters
Authors: Yin Lin , Zhang Xiu Rong , Zhang Fu Xing
Published: September 2013

Geometric structure of WmBn(m+n7) clusters are optimized by using the density functional theory at the B3LYP/LANL2DZ level. For the ground state configurations, polarizability and dipole moment are analyzed. The calculated results show that: Δα varies with W atom which present turbulence change; W2B3cluster is nonpolar, WB5cluster has the strongest polarity, W5B2cluster has the weakest polarity, symmetry of clusters influence polarizabilities and dipole moment.
Electrochemical Study on the Bioleaching of Marmatite
Authors: Lan Zhuo Yue , Li Di Fei , Zhang Qi Fu
Published: September 2013

Shaking-flask experiments and electrochemical tests were conducted to study the bioleaching of marmatite with mixed cultures of mesophilic bacteria. The effects of copper ions and the surfactant, o-phenylenediamines (OPD) on the bioleaching were investigated. The electrochemical mechanism of the bioleaching was researched through cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The results show that the decrease in leaching rate was associated with a passive film (elemental sulfur) formed on the surface of marmatite in the leaching course. It was found that, however, the passive film dissolved readily under high potential conditions or with the bacterial action. Especially, in the presence of bacteria, the decomposition of the passive film was accelerated by adding either copper ions or OPD, leading to a significant increase in the bioleaching rate of marmatite.
A Study on the Start-up Period of Underground Infiltration System Treating Rural Domestic Sewage
Authors: Niu Ming Fen , Wei Jian , Ma Jian , Chen Xin
Published: September 2013

This paper studied the removal effect of domestic sewage nitrogen and phosphorus during the start-up period of underground infiltration system. The experiment is conducted under the conditions of influent temperature 9~10°C, hydraulic loading 0.04m3·m-2·d-1, COD concentration 112.31~143.49mg / L, NH4+-N 20.93~27.26mg / L and TP 2.12~2.86mg / L. The experimental results showed the removal rate of COD, NH4+-N and TP was 80%, 98% and 95% respectively. In the start-up period, TN removal was not obviously for 34% removal rate. After treated the effluent nitrate nitrogen concentration was high, showing during the start-up period the nitrification was better than the denitrification. Lacking of carbon source and low temperature may account for this. To improve the conditions of the start-up period, promoting denitrification was the key to improve nitrogen removal rate by underground infiltration system.
Preparation of Cr2O3-Al2O3-Cr Coatings on Carbon Steel by Aluminothermic Process Based on Cr2O3 and Al System
Authors: Zhou Hong , Wu Shou Jun , Liu Shuang , Shen Yan , Yang Bao Shan , Zheng Xu
Published: September 2013

In the present work, Cr2O3-Al2O3-Cr coatings are prepared on Q235 steel by aluminothermic process based on Cr2O3Al system, using Cr2O3as diluents while a small quantity of Fe2O3to reduce reaction temperature. The results showed that after treated at 650oC for 30minutes, homogenous Cr2O3-Al2O3-Cr coatings can be prepared on Q 235 steel by aluminothermic process with the powders mixture with weight ratio of Cr2O3: Fe2O3: A1 equal to 4: 0.3: 1.12, while coatings prepared by mixture with superfluous aluminum are fragmentary. Surface hardness of the coatings prepared with superfluous Cr2O3is about 23.9GPa while that of the coatings prepared with superfluous Al is about 10.9 GPa and large scatter of 13.7% in hardness.
Novel Poly (butylenes succinate-block-1,3-propylene sebacate): Synthesis and Enzymatic Degradation
Authors: Kang Zong Hua , Wang Chang Lu
Published: September 2013

This study synthesizes a series of aliphatic biodegradable poly (butylene succinate-block-1,3-propylene sebacate) (PBS-b-PPS) copolyesters by incorporation of PPS into the PBS molecular chains at various molar ratios. The effects of these compositions on the thermal properties, crystallinity and biodegradability were investigated.The PBS-b-PPS were characterized using 1H NMR, DSC and POM.Biodegradability was evaluated by enzymatic hydrolysis with a lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia. The copolyesters might be potentially useful as the biodegradable materials.
The Preparation of CaO:Dy3+, Na+ Rare Phosphor by High Sofid-State Method
Authors: Zhao Su , Guo Yan Jun , Wang Qian , Li Xiao Lei
Published: September 2013

The CaO:xDy3+, yNa+ phosphors, were synthesized by high solidstate method, and the starting materials are CaCO3Na2CO3 and Dy2O3. The effects of the Dy3+,Na+doping concentration on luminescent properties were studied by TG/DSC,XRD and PL spectra.The results indicated that when the sinter temperature of precursors over 950 °C,the main phase of the phosphor is CaO, and when x=0.02,y=0.15 we obtained the best luminescent properties of CaO:xDy3+, yNa+phosphors;Na+effectively enhances the luminescent properties of phosphors;The maximum emission wavelength is about 480 nm (blue),corresponding to 4F9 /26H15 /2 of Dy3+; There are a series of spectral lines in the 240-420 nm range of excitation spectrum,and the strong excitation peak located at 360 and 375 nm.
Synthesis of NaFeS2 Nanorods by Solvothermal Technique
Authors: Huang Feng , Wu Rong , Li Jin , Sun Yan Fei , Jian Ji Kang
Published: September 2013

Ternary NaFeS2nanorods were synthesized by solvothermal technique from Fe2O3and Na2S2O3·H2O in ethylenediamine (en) solvent. The phase, morphology, microstructure and magnetic property of the nanorods were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope and vibrating sample magnetometer. The possible growth mechanism of NaFeS2nanorods was discussed.
Effects of Mesophase Pitch Pre-Oxidation on Structure and Flexural Strength of 2D C/C Composites
Authors: Feng Zhi Hai , Liu Xiu Jun , Li Tong Qi , Fan Zhen
Published: September 2013

Two dimensional carbon/carbon composites (2D C/C) were prepared by the low temperature-heat molding technique with PAN based carbon fabric as reinforcement and pre-oxidation mesophase pitch as matrix precursors. The effect of pre-oxidation for mesophase pitch on microstructure and flexural strength of 2D C/C composites has been evaluated using polarized light optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and three-point bending tests. As pre-oxidation temperature rising, the softening point of mesophase pitch increases, oxygen-containing functional groups increases as well, QI (quinoline insoluble) content increases significantly. The flexural strength dependence of pre-oxidation temperature has been studied and correlated with microstructure of 2D C/C composites. Results show that flexural strength increase when the pre-oxidation temperature rising, and meet its peak at 140°C, reached 44.7514MPa.
Hysteresis Loops of Soft and Hard Magnetic Composited Wires
Authors: Li Yin Feng , Feng Su Qin , Li Lan Zhong , Chen Pei Ying , Liu Peng
Published: September 2013

Samples composed of soft and hard magnetic alloys were tailored by two steps annealing the same Fe-based amorphous wires. Then the measurements of hysteresisμ0Mloop have been performed upon the samples. The evolutions of loops with the fraction of hard magnetic phase and the measured magnetic field indicated the existence of dipolar interaction between the two phases.
The Research Situation and Development Trend of Hadifield-Steel
Authors: Niu Jian Ping , Hong Wei , Zhang Ning , Zhou Wen Chao , Cheng Feng
Published: September 2013

Because of the high abrasive resistance and excellent mechanical property, the Hadifield-steel is widely used in railway, metallurgy, casting and other fields. This article introduces the composition of Hadifield-steel, development situation, the strengthening mechanism, water toughening, the cause of crack and preventive measures.
Study of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Adsorption in Heavy Metals
Authors: Liu Jiu Xu , Wang Feng , Shen Jian Xing , Lai Qi Hui , Gai Ying
Published: September 2013

nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHA) powders were prepared by liquid phase precipitation method, using diammonium hydrogen phosphate and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate as raw materials. It was studied that the prepared nanoHA powders not sintered and sintered at 800°C to adsorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions, respectively. The structure and size of nanoHA powders was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the concentrations of Cu2+and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions were tested by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. The results revealed that the nanoHA powders have obvious absorption function for Cu2+ and Pb2+ in aqueous solutions. In addition, the absorption ratio was affected by the size of nanoHA.
Influential Factors of the Rapid Startup of Nitrosation at Ambient Temperature in SBR for Domestic Sewage
Authors: Wu Di , Li Dong , Tao Xiao Xiao , Zeng Hui Ping , Zhang Jie
Published: September 2013

The nitrosation rate was around 85% after 33 continuous cycles (20d) with the alternative influent of high and low ammonium wastewater in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) under low oxygen (0.15~0.40mg/L). The growth of nitrobacteria was inhibited successfully which led to steady and high accumulation of nitrite. Factors of accumulation of nitrite were investigated and the effects of DO and pH were analyzed during the startup for nitrosation. The results showed that it could improve the efficiency of nitrosation when DO concentration was increased appropriately. The activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) was recovered gradually when DO was higher than 0.72mg/L. The key factor of nitrosation reaction was the concentration of free ammonia (FA), while the final factor was the concentration of DO. pH was a desired controlling parameter showing the end of nitrification in a SBR cycle, while DO concentration did not indicate the end of SBR nitrification accurately because it increased rapidly before ammonia nitrogen was oxidized absolutely.
Eutrophication Regulation and Control by Combination of Microorganism Agents and Aquatic Plants for Urban Ecological Village Landscape Water
Authors: Yang Zong Zheng , Liu Meng Da , Cao Jin Guo , Zhang Huan
Published: September 2013

As most of water bodies in urban ecological village landscape are closed or sluggish, in addition to point source and non-point source pollution, they are easy to be eutrophicated. Life and environment nearby will be influenced. In this paper, the combination of microorganism agents and aquatic plants were conducted to treat Xinhe East Canal water body. As a result, after 40 days of running, the removal rates of CODCr, NH3-N, TN and TP were around 58.34%, 92.84%, 89.10% and 86.44%, respectively. And the concentration of Chlorophyll a decreased to less than 3 mg/m3. The main parameters can meet the demands of the standard of fifth type water body according to the Chinese environmental quality standards for surface water.
Hydrogen Production from Cornstalk with Different Pretreatment Methods by Anaerobic Fermentation
Authors: Liu Xin Yuan , Li Ru Ying , Ji Min , Liu Di , Cai Yan Ming
Published: September 2013

As lignocellulosic biomass, the cornstalk should be pretreated before anaerobic fermentation for hydrogen production. In this study, HCl, NaOH and enzyme were employed for cornstalk pretreatment and the products were used for anaerobic biohydrogen production. Hydrogen yield and hydrogen production rate were investigated to optimize cornstalk pretreatment method. In addition, the economic effect and energy consumption were also considered to evaluate the pretreatment methods. The optimum cornstalk pretreatment method was soaking in 2% NaOH at 50°C for 48h with a hydrogen yield of 55.0 ml/g-TS and a hydrogen production rate of 6.5 ml/h/g-VS in anaerobic hydrogen production.
Modeling and Simulation of Pollutants Removal in the Modified Oxidation Ditch
Authors: Su Fan Kai , Yu Jing Jie , Sun Li Ping , Wang Shao Po , Zheng Jian Feng
Published: September 2013

The kinetic models of COD removal and phosphorus release in anaerobic zone, and phosphorus uptake, nitrification, denitrification and COD removal in circulating corridors were established in this work, in order to provide the guidance on design and running of the modified oxidation ditch. At the same time, the coefficients of reaction rates were calculated. Using the kinetic models already been established and the coefficients already been calculated to simulate the experimental results, the results showed that the models can well simulate the removal effect of pollutants in the modified oxidation ditch.
Research on the Start-Up of Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation and the Influence Factors Experiment
Authors: Li Ya Feng , Zhang Wen Jing
Published: September 2013

Experiment studies the startup of Anammox and the effect of pH and temperature on the denitrification performance of Anammox. We take the UASB reactor for Anammox startup experimental study, and study the removal of NH4+-N and NO2--N under different temperature and pH. Controlling the influent NH4+-N/NO2--N concentration ratio is 1:1.32, the initial concentration of NH4+-N is 50 mg/L, then increase NH4+-N concentration with gradient of 50 mg/L.We detect the influent and effluent NH4+-N and NO2--N and effluent NO3--N concentration .We also Control the temperature (20°C~40°C) and the pH (6.0~9.0) to study the influencing factors. The optimum temperature is 30°C, the removal rate can reach more than 80%, and the optimum pH is 8, the NH4+-N and NO2--N highest removal rate is 82.92% and 87.59%. The effect of the Anammox reaction can be efficient promotion of denitrification and provides theory basis, which provides reference for engineering application on actual conditions.
VFAs Production Potential of Brewery Industry Wastewater and Starch Wastewater
Authors: Liu Hui , Xie Lin , Chen Yin Guang , Zhou Qi
Published: September 2013

The volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are kinds of effective external carbon source for enhanced biological nutrients removal. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) production from anaerobic fermentation from cassava stillage (CS) wastewater, starch wastewater (SW) and the yellow wine wastewater (YWW) was conducted in batch tests. The VFAs production potential and the characteristics of the fermentative liquid were compared and discussed. Experimental results indicated that the cassava stillage wastewater and the starch wastewater were preferable feed for anaerobic VFAs fermentation. Acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid were the main components of the VFAs with respective percentage of 36.5%, 20% and 40% at the end of its fermentation.
Study on Treatment of Cellulose Fuel Ethanol Wastewater and Application
Authors: Zhao Yu Bin
Published: September 2013

A combination process of cellulosic ethanol wastewater treatment was described. This process includes iron-carbon micro-electrolysis-Fenton, UASB and MBR. Through the process, well get an exploration of engineering design operation parameters and pollutant removal mechanism. Test results show that if the wastewater have 5 hours micro response,36 hours to stay on the USAB and 25 hours to stay in the membrane bioreactor ,after the flocculation decollating, the COD and ammonia nitrogen indexes of the wastewater have all reached the discharge standard of the Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Fermentation Alcohol and Distilled Spirits Industry (GB 276312011), and the effect of the operation is stable, cost is low.
Study on Concentration Characteristics of TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 in Harbin
Authors: Huang Li Kun
Published: September 2013

In order to investigate the concentration characteristic of atmospheric particles, TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 were collected in July 2008 to June 2010. This study investigates the mass concentration of atmospheric particles in each month. The results show the three particle concentrations reached the lowest value in July, while the peak in January. Compared with the national secondary standard, TSP and PM10 were exceeded in January, February, March, April, November, and December and PM2.5 concentrations is above 2 to 8 times of the EU standard (15 μg/m3). Fine particles (PM2.5) and coarse particles (PM2. 5-10) are major component of atmospheric particles. The mass concentration of atmospheric particles on day is higher than at night in major months and lower in May and June. However, it is not obvious in July, August and September.
Research Progress and Development of Expanded Graphite in Water Pollution Control
Authors: Li Li Xin , Song Zhi Wei , Shi Xian Kui , Kang Wen Ze , Zhang Hai Jun , Zhao Hong Li
Published: September 2013

Expanded graphite is a new porous carbon-based adsorption material with well-developed pore structure and large adsorption capacity for nonpolar molecules pollutants. In this paper, research of the expanded graphite as novel functional carbon material in the fields of environmental remediation of oil pollution and wastewater treatment are reviewed. Based on this, the problems that exist in the current research on expanded graphite in treatment of environmental pollution are analyzed, and the main development trend of research on expanded graphite in the field of water environmental protection is put forward.
Continuous Flow Microbial Fuel Cell for Organic Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Liu Wei Ping , Yin Xia Fei
Published: September 2013

A continuous flow double chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) for wastewater treatment was constructed. Anaerobic activated sludge was used as bacterial source and simulated organic wastewater was used as substrate. Effluent of anode chamber was used directly as influent of the cathode chamber. The aerobic microorganisms could degrade organic matters further. The electricity production and organic wastewater treatment of the MFC were studied. The results show that the wastewater chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the total removal rate was 74.1%~77.45%, the anode chamber in which the removal rate of COD is 32.2%~35.3%, and COD removal efficiency of aerobic biological treatment in the cathode chamber was 60.2%~66.7%. The continuous flow system could improve the removal rate further. The maximum current density of MFC was 1.56 mAm-2, the maximum output power was 24.336 mWm-2.
Research and Development of a New Nano-Attapulgite PVF Suspension Carrier in Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Li Jie , Hu Tian , Wang Yae
Published: September 2013

The optimum proportion and comprehensive performance as sewage treatment microbial carriers of a new type nanoattapulgite polyvinyl alcohol-formaldehyde suspended carrier (AT-PVF) was researched. The results show that when the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) dosage is at the range of 10%-16%, H2SO4: PVA plays greatest impact on carrier performance, followed by CH2O: PVA and surfactant, PVA at last. Finally, a new formula of the AT-PVF carrier has been developed, which is showed as follows: PVA 13%, CH2O/PVA weight ratio=0.75, H2SO4/PVA weight ratio=1.0, surfactant 0.5%, AT 0.4%. Test results show that AT-PVF is superior to polyurethane carriers in physical, chemical and biochemical performance.
Introduction to Rural Road Greening
Authors: Pang Ying , Zhang Wei Feng
Published: September 2013

In this article, through analysis of the status analysis of road greening, and the road reconstruction of Qingfeng road, described the importance of road greening of the villages and towns and the problems facing.
The eighteen major report to promote the integration of urban and rural development as one of five major accelerate the improvement of the socialist market economic system and accelerate the transformation of economic development mode. Road greening is an important part of the urban and rural construction, and also the Important space landscape factor of urban and rural environment. In The Eighteen Major report, the signal about accelerated process of urbanization builds confidence for the rural and urban roads greening. Road greening can not only beautify the environment, but also can purify air, reduce noise and other ecological effect. Today, society pays more and more attention to the quality of the environment space; the Eighteen Major also emphasized the environmental protection and governance, advocated to build green ecological living space. Rode as an important part of environmental space, the road greening has become the focus. Road greening have special significance in the urban and rural planning.
The Development of Automatic Girth Welding Machine with Dual-Arm for Automobile Axle
Authors: Song Jin Hu
Published: September 2013

In order to solve the problem of automobile rear axlewelding equipment with the low level of automation,the poor accuracy, the poorefficiency, a automatic girth welding machine with dual-arm for automobile axlehas been developed based on PLC. Thewelding Proeess automation is realized by PLC controlling gun movement. Theautomatic welding machine has the characteristics of high control precision,good security, fast response speed, high degree of automation, improving weldingquality and production effieiency, lowed serap rates, eonvenient operation, easymaintenance, in particular to improve the working eonditions of workers and improveproduetion effieieney has obvious praetical signifieanee.
Risk Assessment and Risk Control for Navigation Environment of Dock Waters Adjacent to Fairway
Authors: Yu Xun
Published: September 2013

The System Engineering principles are applied to identify the risk factors of navigation environment of dock waters adjacent to fairway. The Evaluation Index System for risks of navigation environment of such a dock is established and the relative risk degrees among each index are reflected quantitatively by weights of risk factors obtained by adopting the method of AHP. Based on the identified risk factors, the risk control measures for navigation environment of dock waters adjacent to fairway are systematically put forward. One dock in Yangpu Port, Hainan Province, is cited as an example to analyze, and the risk control measures are proposed accordingly.
Magnifying Drivers of City Transformation through System Dynamics Models
Authors: Simelane Thokozani , Duffy Kevin , Pearce Brian
Published: September 2013

Population dynamics and its associated impacts in the cities derive from the synergistic effects of primary and secondary factors. These factors work together to effect the transformation of cities through population increase. In the past, these factors have been studied discretely. With the emergence of system dynamic models and their abilities to capture and magnify relationships between variables, it has been demonstrated that secondary factors like income, which positively influence urban migration (as a primary factor), have direct effect on the attractiveness of a city. This is linked to population growth, which ultimately transforms the outlook of the city. This finding has brought forth a consideration that continuous transformation of cities is due to a number of interrelated factors that work together to identify city characteristics. These in most cases are expressed through various forms such as urban congestion, residential demand, city decay, environmental degradation or high levels of crime. This study has shown that relationships between factors that bring city transformation through population growth are, in fact, indirect and cryptic. Through system dynamic models and their abilities to magnify and express relationships between variables using causal loops and feed-back diagrams these cryptic relationships have been clearly magnified.
Dynamic Variation Analysis on Tibetan Lake Wetlands Based on RS
Authors: Xu Xia
Published: September 2013

The wetlands of Tibet plateau have typical characteristics of highest elevation, largest area and most concentrated distribution. Tibetan Plateau Lake Group is one of the main five lake groups in China. TM images of 2000 and 2010 are analyzed by ERDAS and ARCGIS. And Landscape Ecology theory is applied to analyze the spatial and dynamic characteristics of Tibetan lake wetlands. The results show: there are 66643 lakes in 2000 and 54655 lakes in 2010, which means there have disappeared 11988 lakes. Xigaze and Lhokas lakes patches presented decrease trend. The lake wetland of Nagri has increased 3.32%.The lake wetland of Lhoka and Xigaze has decreased 7.37% and 3.52%. MPS, MPE, PSCov and PSSD indexes can reflect the lake wetland dynamic changes than other indexes. Tibetan Plateau is very sensitive to global cliamte change, espectially in Nagqu.
Research on Assessment Model for the Indirect Economic Benefit of Solid Waste Sanitary Landfill
Authors: Shao Guo Xia , Wang Lei
Published: September 2013

With the help of fuzzy mathematics theory, the assessment model for indirect economic benefit of municipal solid waste sanitary landfill project is established--the triangular fuzzy multi-index group evaluation model. Based on the above study, the author synthetically makes an evaluation on the indirect economic benefits of municipal solid waste sanitary landfill project , which can better the quantitative and evaluative system for indirect economic benefits of municipal solid waste, and meanwhile verify the quantative and evaluative model .
The Research of Center Shaft Bracket Stamping Simulation Technology Based on Dynaform
Authors: Zhang Ming He , Zhang Yi , Lu Peng , Zhai Zheng Kun , Zhu Ming Yi
Published: September 2013

Aiming at the center shaft bracket sheet extension parts, its stamping calculation is simulated based on the sheet metal forming with nonlinear finite element software Dynaform. The contours varying with blank holder forces, friction coefficients and material performance parameters (sheet hardening exponent n and thick anisotropic coefficient r) are obtained by using the simulation software. The impact of the factors on the central shaft bracket parts stamping is analysised by using the contours, provide the theory to eliminate the fold and fracture in the stamping process.
A Review on Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Oil Properties and Applications
Authors: Xie Yang , Xu Cang Su , Fang Dong Hua , Luo Qi Yuan , Ma Jian
Published: September 2013

Research and development in the fast pyrolysis of biomass has been absorbing substantial amounts of human and economic resources over the last two decades, resulting in notable advances in various areas including: characterization and upgrading of pyrolysis bio-oil; novel technologies capable of making use of the energy. This paper provides an updated review of its characteristics of biomass fast pyrolysis oil and a critical analysis of potential applications, such as diesel engines and turbine.
Relationship between Phytoplankton and Nutrient Dynamics in the Enclosed Waterbody, Dianchi Lake
Authors: Li Jie , Duan Chang Qun , Yang Feng Le
Published: September 2013

An analysis of 170 simples acquired monthly from August 2011 to December 2012 in the closed waterbody suggests that the concentration of algae bloom (Cyanophyta) is dependent on the nutrient dynamics. Without the overlying of nitrate concentrations carried by the external algae bloom, the enclosed waterbody isolated by the flexible enclosure maintains a lower nitrate level. Algae bloom tends to dominate (TN: TP < 12) and to rare (TN: TP>12). Cyanophyta is dominant for the whole year.
Kinetics and Thermodynamics Studies of Prodigiosin Dyeing on Polyester
Authors: Shen Jia Jia , Yang Ying
Published: September 2013

Prodigiosin is a natural pigment which has antimicrobial activity and produced by a microorganism, but it is insoluble in water, thereby limiting their application in textile dyeing. With the study of the Prodigiosin’s kinetics and thermodynamics on PET, the feasibility of using Prodigiosin as disperse dyes was discussed. The thermodynamics results show that the up-take of Prodigiosin in PET fiber is linear to the dye bath concentration, with increasing temperature, the distribution coefficient decreases and the thermodynamic affinity of the dye has little gown up, the enthalpy and entropy of dyeing were -2.51[kJ/mol] and 5.05[J/(mol·K)] respectively, which show that PET dyeing with prodigiosin is a exothermic process and the diffusion coefficient increases with the temperature rise. The activation energy calculated with the Arrhenius equation is 6.09 [kcal /mol].
The Level of Zn in Guiyang Street Dust and its Different Particle Size Fraction Contributions
Authors: Li Xiao Yan , Li Bao Dong
Published: September 2013

By collecting dust samples from seven different functional areas of Guiyang city, we studied the distribution pattern of the level of Zn in dusts with particle size fractions. The result showed the geometric means of Zn concentration in dusts of Guiyang was 435mg/kg. The Zn in most functional areas was primarily associated with middle particles, while the Zn in industrial area and garbage stations were primarily associated with fine particles.
Research on Wavelet-Based Image Target Detection & Recognition Technology
Authors: Wang A Min , Gao Ying , Wang Feng Hua , Guo Shu Xia
Published: September 2013

With the development of sensor technology, image fusion becomes increasingly important in complex battlefield environment. As traditional methods for precision-guided weapons systems exist defects of fuzzy detection, low recognition rate and poor real-time; this paper proposes a new fusion algorithm of combining wavelet transform with Canny operator. Firstly, the improved method detects the edge with Canny operator; Then using wavelet transform decomposes images; Next, adapts unique fusion rules to change wavelet coefficients of images, using weighted average algorithm for low-frequency component, while using a local area average variance criterion for high-frequency; Finally, using the inverse wavelet transform to obtain reconstructed images. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show: the improved method not only reduces the fuzziness and highlights target color, but also makes computational efficiency high, real-time good.
Design and Implementation of Long Range Active RFID Technology
Authors: Shiau Yea Jou , Chiu Yu Bin
Published: September 2013

The technology of Radio Frequency Identification, namely RFID, has been widely used in service industry for identification. The RFID system is design for inexpensive and reliable purpose in automatic identification. However, very few researchers focused on remote control module in a long range and high speed environment. This study proposed a long range active tag technology and illustrated how to implement it in traffic management system for solving the problem of traffic crowding.
How to Apply the Principle of Projection Transformation to Deduce the Segment’s Real Length in the Right-Angled Triangle
Authors: Gu Ji Ren , Guo Ji Lin , Zhou Tian Rui , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2013

The problems of measurement such as real length and real shape are often met in solving practical engineering problems.The method of changing plane which is used to simplify the problem is researched how to change the relative position of the geometric elements relative to the projective plane in the space. In practical applications,we need to use the method of projection to solve the real length of oblique line and the angle between the oblique line and projective plane.
Preparation and Characterization of Poly(L-Lactide-Co-ε-Caprolactone) Copolymer for Food Packaging Application
Authors: Yuan Ming Wei , Qin Yu Yue , Yang Ji Yi , Wu Yan , Yuan Ming Long , Li Hong Li
Published: September 2013

Biodegradable poly (L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLA-PCL) copolymers were synthesized via solution polymerization by varying the feed composition of L-lactide (LLA) and ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) (LLA/ ε-CL= 1/0, 1/1, 1/2, and 1/3). PLA-PCL film was produced by solution mixing. The films were characterized by thermal property, mechanical property, and barrier behavior tests to evaluate the effect of the PCL. The differential scanning calorimetry analyses revealed the micro-domain structure in the copolymer. The elongation at break of PLLA was improved significantly (p<0.05) in PLA-PCL copolymer while the tensile strength decreased significantly (p<0.05) with increase of PCL content. WVP of PLA-PCL films significantly decreased (p< 0.05) when compared with that of neat PLLA film. When the feed ratio of PLA-PCL copolymer increased from 1/0 to 1/3, WVP of PLA-PCL films increased from 1.85±0.15 (×10-11gm/m2sPa) to 2.83±0.26 (×10-11gm/m2sPa). The results showed that PLA-PCL copolymer can be a novel film for food packaging applications.
Comprehensive Evaluation Research on the Properties of Sportswear Fabrics
Authors: Liu Yan Jun , Wei Bing Yan
Published: September 2013

Fuzzy mathematics were used to evaluate the comprehensive property of fabrics in this paper. This is because fabrics are good or bad is a feeling of Physiology and psychology, used fuzzy mathematics to evaluate its comprehensive properties is objective and accurate. First, the evaluation indexes are selected according to the required performance of sporswear fabrics, and the Fuzzy mathematics was used to establish comprehensive evaluation model, then the comprehensive property of four sportswear fabrics were evaluated based on this comprehensive evaluation model. The evaluation result indicated that polyester cover cleancool fiber structure fabric has the best comprehensive property, this comprehensive evaluation results pruved that this developed sportswear fabric has excelltent comprehensive properties,and it is suitable for making high quality sportswear.
Laboratory Evaluation of Warm-Mix Open Graded Friction Course Mixtures with Sasobit
Authors: Zhu Qi Yang , Hu Guang Wei , Zhang Ye Mao , Zhuang Yuan
Published: September 2013

This paper is to evaluate the feasibility of using warm mix asphalt (WMA) technology to produce quality open graded friction course (OGFC) mixtures. In the summer of 2012, a field trial project using Sasobit-OGFC was established in the Huanhu East Road project, Changzhou city. In line with the trail field project, the performances of raveling, draindown, rutting resistance and moisture susceptibility are conducted between Sasobit-OGFC mixtures and traditional HMA-OGFC mixtures. The results indicate that the mixing temperature of Sasobit-OGFC mixtures can be reduced by 20°Cwhen compared with that of HMA-OGFC mixtures. The performances of Sasobit-WMA mixtures are no worse than these of HMA-OGFC mixtures. A wider range of paving temperature is found when adding Sasobit into OGFC mixtures, which effectively enhances the quality of pavement construction.
River Soil & Sand Solidified Blocks as Ballast in Beach Protection
Authors: Mao Jing Min , Gao Da Feng
Published: September 2013

This paper deals with the feasibility of beach protection project alternative materials - the Yangtze River soil and sand, applies PCSB curing agent to solidify it and to produce beach protection blocks. Experimental studies on the performance of strength, setting time, stability and anti-erosion have been carried out to inquire into the regularity of solidification. Using soil and sand curing blocks instead of concrete blocks in the application of Yangtze River beach protection engineering has advantages of technology, economy and environment protection etc.
Bulk Nanocrystalline Al 7050 Prepared via Cryomilling
Authors: Li Jiong Li , Li Sha Sha , Xiong Yan Cai
Published: September 2013

The operation with a combination of three processing routes: cryomilling, hot isostatic pressing (HIPping) and hot extrusion was adopted in the present study for preparation of the bulk nanocrystalline Al 7050. The microstructure and fractography of the bulk material were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Furthermore, the chemical composition, density and tensile properties of the material were also measured. Microstructural investigation showed that the grain size of the bulk nanocrystalline Al 7050 ranged from 100nm to 200nm. Numerous dispersoids with a diameter/length of ~50nm were observed on grain boundaries and inside the grains. Besides, one phase of these dispersoids existed in the bulk nanocrystalline Al 7050 was identified as Al6(FeMn). These dispersoids dispersed within the bulk nanocrystalline Al 7050, to some extent, increased the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the material. The resulted sample exhibited ultimate strength of 412MPa with an elongation of 5.2% when tested under tensile load, which was a bit lower than that of the traditionally wrought Al 7050-T6. The present results suggested that improper selected starting powder and milling parameters resulted in the flake-like morphology of the cryomilled powder. The flake-like morphology made it difficult for the cryomilled powder to fill the can entirely and achieve a high density material, which led to the weak interface within the bulk material and in turn degraded the mechanical properties of the bulk nanocrystalline Al 7050 prepared in the present work.
Feasibility Investigation on Reduced-Power Take-Off of MA600
Authors: Ao Liang Zhong , Miao Yang
Published: September 2013

This paper investigates the feasibility of MA600 reduced-power take-off by finding the necessary conditions which reduced-power take-off must satisfy based on the performance characteristics and actual flight data of MA600 turboprop aircraft. Finally, we come to the conclusion that reduced-power take-off of MA600 aircraft can be achieved.
Research about Model of Vehicle's Fuel Consumption on the Highway
Authors: Peng Bo , Ma Song Lin
Published: September 2013

Accurate measurement and modeling of fuel consumption have great significance in the evaluation and optimization for environmental protection, energy saving and economy of highway project. Vehicle, test method and fuel consumption prediction method are improved for accurate calculation of current fuel consumption. Natural drivings fuel consumption are measured with actual transportation vehicles on the highway. Long route is divided into many units, whose fuel consumption are added to estimate the total fuel consumption. Comparison between traditional models calculating value and measured value on flat road shows that traditional models are not suitable for calculating current fuel consumption. So traditional models coefficients are updated and new model forms are established through a large number of measured data. The new models are more accurate than traditional models.
Rail Short Wave Irregularities Restoration Algorithm Based on Digital Inverse Filter Technology
Authors: Mao Xiao Jun , Xu Yu De , Zhou Yu
Published: September 2013

In order to realize continuous detection of rail short wavelength irregularities and improve its restoration precision, an algorithm based on digital inverse filter technology is derived and presented. The inverse filter has been realized by means of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) digital filter. It has a complete linear phase characteristic which ensures no distortions of the restored waveform. Realization of the restoration algorithm is also based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) to make the restoration process effectively and efficiently. Finally the restored waveforms were compared with the results from RMF-2.3E devices and thus the restoration precision can be achieved. Results show higher restoration precision and reliability when compared to the traditional one of Mid-chord method. It means the restoration accuracy can be significantly improved by using digital inverse filter.
Experimental Study on the River Engineering Model of Tunnel across Yangtze River about Line No.8 of Track Traffic in Wuhan
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhu Yong Hui , Gu Li Hua
Published: September 2013

Tunnel project across Yangtze River about Line NO. 8 of track traffic located at 450m in upper the second bridge of Wuhan reach. Change of velocity, hydrodynamic axis, diversion ratio of inlet about river reach of project under the different conditions of hydrology were studied through experiment of river engineering model, and the minimal buried depth of the top of tunnel about deep trough is about 7.5 m while the maximal scour depth of section about site of tunnel based on variation of deposition or erosion of riverbed, the possible lowest altitude of eroding, change of swing range of thalweg about river reach of tunnel project, and building of tunnel has no effect on river regime, flood control and shipping for river reach of project. The results can be applicable as a reference for design of project.Key words: tunnel across river; river engineering model; river regime; flood control; altitude of deepest location