bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Methyl-ammonium lead iodide hybrid perovskite thin film as active material for energy conversion devices
Authors:   Department of Physical Sciences, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022 India, Chaudhary J. , Agrawal R. ,   Department of Computer Engineering and Applications, G. L. A. University Mathura 281406 India, Kumar D. ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022 India, Pathak S. K. ,   Department of Physics, Chintamani College of Science, Pombhurna, Chandrapur, Maharashtra 442918 India, Chandra M. ,   Department of Physics, Poornima Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jaipur 302022 India, Kumar S. ,   Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali 304022 India, Verma A. S. ,   Division of Research & Innovation, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 284007 India
Published: April 2024

The use of hybrid halide Perovskites is helping us get closer to our aim of completely selfsufficient structures in terms of energy production. Preparation of a device of photoactive material CH3NH3PbI3 {FTO (Fluorine-doped tin Oxide)/ CH3NH3PbI3/SpiroOMeTAD/Al} for the photovoltaic applications has been described in this article. Producing a homogeneous thin film through the use of lower temperature, processedsolution devices with one-step spin coating processes is an essential stage in the fabrication process. To generate the thin films on the FTO-substrate, the one-step spin coating approach was utilized for the deposition of the precursor solution, which consisted of methylammonium iodide and lead iodide in a molar ratio of 3:1. This technique was employed to prepare the thin films. The FESEM technique was utilized to carry out the investigation of the surface morphology of this thin layer. In addition, the essential parameters of this device, like barrier height, saturation current, current density, ideality factor, carrier mobility, resistance, carrier lifetime, and capacitance have been computed using current-voltage (I-V) characteristics and the impedance spectroscopy technique. A laser with a power of 20 milliwatts and a wavelength of 532 nanometers was used to light the gadget. The current conduction mechanism exhibits ohmic behavior at a low voltage, while at medium voltages, TFSCLC is the mechanism that regulates charge transportation. Despite the fact that TCSCLC is demonstrated at higher voltages. The TCSCLC model was used to conduct an investigation of the hole's mobility.
Assessment of generic competences for foreign-language professional communication through applying the ADDIE model
Authors:   Omsk State Agrarian University Named after P. A. Stolypin, Kulamikhina Irina Valentinovna , Kanunnikova Nataliya Vladimorovna ,   Omsk State Agrarian University Named after P. A. Stolypin, Golubovskaya Elena Aleksandrovna ,   RUDN University named after Patrice Lumumba, Arupova Nadezhda Rashitovna ,   MGIMO University
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The paper aims to assess generic competencies for foreign-language professional communication formed through applying the ADDIE model. The goal of the study was to identify the way generic competencies are developed throughout the ESL course for veterinary students based on the authors’ implementation of the ADDIE model. Materials and Methods. The research was based on theoretical review of literature, comparative analysis of sources, terminological analysis, and investigation of teaching practices. The ADDIE method of instructional modeling was used as a fundamental research approach taken to designing a teaching aid and developing a training course, respectively. While testing, a sample of 59 first-year veterinary students and 5 lecturers of the Foreign Language Department at Omsk State Agrarian University were involved. In order to collect and study the research data, the authors applied the following evaluation methods: observation, survey and testing of students. The academic outcomes were evaluated by examining dynamics of foreign language communicative competence by expert teachers. The Wilcoxon T-test and Fisher test were used as mathematical statistics methods. Results. The authors applied the ADDIE instructional model to design a professional communication course in English for veterinary students based on competency-based approach. The materials were delivered during the 2022-23 academic year. The learning outcomes demonstrated by participants in the control and experimental groups proved the effectiveness of the author's teaching procedure in the formation of generic competencies for foreign language professional communication, the validity of which was confirmed using mathematical statistics methods. Conclusions. The proposed technology for designing a foreign language course based on the ADDIE model has demonstrated its effectiveness in the development of generic competencies for foreign-language professional communication, which was confirmed by more pronounced positive dynamics in the experimental group.
Fundamental theoretical conflicts in the science of critical thinking
Authors:   Institute for International Relations and World History, Golubinskaya Anastasiia Valerievna , Viakhireva Valeriia Valerievna ,   Institute for International Relations and World History
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The article explores the reasons for the lack of scientific consensus on critical thinking. Despite the fact that this concept has become one of the key ones for modern culture, it has not been properly defined, and organizational decisions remain controversial. In this article, we propose to focus not on the gaps in our knowledge of critical thinking, but on finding the reasons for what exactly prevents consensus on these issues. The purpose of the article is to establish fundamental uncertainties and theoretical conflicts in the science of critical thinking that prevent the solution of terminological and organizational aspects of the problem. Materials and Methods. The study is theoretical in nature and is based on an agnological approach to the analysis of expert ignorance (R. Proctor, S. Feirstein, etc.). This approach combines traditional methods of logical and philosophical analysis, but is used when the purpose of the study is not to fill the gap in knowledge, but to find explanations why exactly we do not know what we do not know. In order to achieve this goal, the subjects of scholarly debates regarding critical thinking were identified and the prerequisites on which conflicting concepts are based were analyzed. Results. The study found that the existing organizational debates about how critical thinking should be taught in educational institutions are derived from discussions at a fundamental level. The authors conclude that modern research on critical thinking, despite its apparent thematic proximity to each other, actually reflects different, yet incompatible approaches to nature, psychological mechanisms and standards of critical thinking. Conclusions. The research led to the conclusion that reaching consensus on practical issues, such as the way to organize critical thinking training, requires prior resolution of fundamental theoretical conflicts about the nature, psychological mechanisms and socio-cultural standards of critical thinking.
Basic components of a personal resource determining a personified subject of activity: The impact on university students’ academic achievement
Authors:   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University, Tretyakova Vera Stepanovna , Kaigorodova Anastasia Evgenievna ,   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University, Sharov Anton Alexandrovich ,   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University, Zeer Evald Friedrichovich ,   Russian State Vocational Pedagogical University
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The article reveals the problem of predicting university students’ academic success. The goal of the research is to determine the basic components of a personal resource that characterize a personified subject of activity, and empirically measure their impact on the academic success of a university student. Materials and Methods. Scientific analysis follows the resource and activity approaches based on S. L. Rubinstein and A. N. Leontiev’s methodological principle of the unity of consciousness and activity. The research methods include theoretical and methodological analysis of scholarly literature, assessment techniques, regression analysis, and methods of mathematical statistics, generalization and classification. Results. The main research results include the identification of basic meaningful components of a personal resource in correlation with the components of personification, which, according to the authors, can be considered as predictors of a successful, personified individual. Their influence on the academic achievement of university students has been empirically identified. It has been established that the components of personal resources have different degrees of influence on university students’ academic achievement. Conclusions. Researchers include a wide range of factors in the structure of a personal resource. The authors identified the basic components representing a personal resource, taking into account the structure of a personalized personality. It has been established that these components of personal resource can be considered as psychological predictors that determine the success of a university student in professional and educational activities. A comprehensive diagnostic study showed varying degrees of influence of the identified components on academic performance of university students.
Investigating changes in prevailing mental states among students with different levels of academic performance
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Kazakova Irina Valerevna , Tikholaz Tatyana Mihailovna ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Sarf Elena Aleksandrovna ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Bel’skaya Lyudmila Vladimirovna ,   Omsk State Pedagogical University
Published: April 2024

Introduction. The difficulties of the adaptation period increase the level of anxiety and psychological stress in students and negatively affect academic performance of first-year students. Despite the fact that recent studies have identified a wide range of conceptually different correlates of academic success, the problem of mental states of first-year students in the context of assessing their learning outcomes remains insufficiently studied in theoretical and empirical terms. Therefore, the problem of identifying a risk group for academic underachievement and maintaining the student population does not lose its relevance. The purpose of the study is to identify students’ mental states determining levels of academic performance. Materials and Methods. In order to identify the characteristics of students’ mental states, mental states were assessed at psychophysiological, psychological and socio-psychological levels. The authors used the following methods: Lemur-Tessier-Fillion ‘Psychological Stress Scale PSM-25’ adapted by N.E. Vodopyanova (2009), PSM-25 scale, method for determining neuropsychic stability, risk of maladaptation in stress ‘Forecast-2’ (V. Yu. Rybnikov), reactive (situational) and personal anxiety scale (Ch. D. Spielberger, 1973), adapted by Yu.L. Khanin, (1978), L.V. Kulikova’s methods for identifying the dominant and current states, methods for evaluating socio-psychological adaptation by K. Rogers, R. Diamond, (1954), adapted by T. V. Snegireva (1987) and by A. K. Osnitsky. The study involved 56 1st year full-time students of the Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics, Physics and Technology at Omsk State Pedagogical University. Results. The authors identified scales of methods for mental states assessment: ‘tone’, ‘activation-deactivation’, ‘situational anxiety’, ‘psychological stress’, which revealed statistically significant changes in students demonstrating different levels of academic performance. The authors revealed differences in prevailing mental states in students with different academic performance. Conclusions. The mental states of students identified in this study can be used in designing a programme of socio-psychological support for first-year students aimed at identifying the risks of maladjustment and a decrease in academic performance. Limitations. Limitations of the study include a small sample of students of one faculty and one-time use. It is necessary to check the possibility of extending the hypothesis to students of other faculties.
Prognostic Markers of Acute Suppurative Lung Disease
Authors: Fetlam D. L. , Chumachenko A. G. , Vyazmina M. D. , Moroz V. V. , Kuzovlev A. N. , Pisarev V. M.
Published: April 2024

The mortality rate among patients with acute suppurative lung diseases (ASLD) in the ICU reaches 30%. Early, pathogenetically relevant biomarkers are needed to ensure personiﬁcation and better eﬃcacy of ASLD treatment. Numeric variations in the counts of immune system cells in patient’s blood can be viewed as such candidate biomarkers.

The aim of the study. Identiﬁcation of potential markers predicting ASLD outcome after community-acquired pneumonia and COVID-19.

Materials and methods. The study included 216 in-hospital patients aged 18-87 with ASLD after community-acquired pneumonia with (N=81) and without (N=135) COVID-19 history.

Results. Patients survival after COVID-19 was linked to lymphocyte count on Day 1 of hospital stay (hazard ratio, HR=5.9 95%CI 0.9–37.4; P=0.0188, log-rank test). In patients who had not have COVID-19, a diﬀerence in survival was associated with lymphocyte (HR=2.9 95%CI 1.0–8.4; P=0.0184, log-rank test; N=135), and monocyte counts (HR=2.7 95% CI 0.8–9.5; P=0.0196, log-rank test) on Day 1 of hospital stay. Patients’ survival after COVID-19 infection depended on SII (systemic immune-inﬂammation index. HR=9.3 95%CI 1.7–49.8; P=0.0124, log-rank test; N=81, SIRI (systemic inﬂammatory response index, HR=7.2 95%CI 1.4–36.6; P=0.0339, log-rank test; N=81) and NLR (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, HR=9.6 95%CI 1.8–52.0; P=0.0108; log-rank test; N=81) values on Day 1 of hospital stay. In patients who did not have COVID-19 SII values had no inﬂuence on survival.

Conclusion. The lymphocyte count makes it possible to predict outcomes of pleural empyema, regardless of patient’s history of COVID-19, i. e. a decrease in the lymphocyte count below 1.2×10⁹ in 1 L is associated with fatal outcome. Monocyte count carries prognostic information for cases of pleural empyema without previous COVID-19 infection. As for the relative indicators, SIRI, SII and NLR values measured on Day 1 in the hospital were predictors of ASLD outcome only in patients after COVID-19 infection, i. e., higher values were associated with increased risk of death, with NLR index being the most informative. Overall severity of illness above 10 scores by CIRS was associated with an unfavorable ASLD outcome, regardless of patient’s history of COVID-19.
Diagnosis and Intensive Care in Children’s Diabetic Acidosis: an Interdisciplinary Viewpoint
Authors: Aleksandrovich Yu. S. , Prometnoy D. V. , Petryaykina E. E. , Kiyaev A. V. , Peterkova V. A. , Kopylov V. V. , Muratov P. A. , Brezgin F. N. , Stepanenko S. M. , Lazukin A. V. , Pshenisnov K. V. , Alyokhina A. A.
Published: April 2024

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is the main cause of death and disability in children with type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Children’s mortality from T1DM reaches 1% in developed countries and 13% in developing countries. The main cause of death in DKA is cerebral edema, clinical manifestations of which develop in 0.5–0.9% of children with DKA, while mortality riches 24%.

Objective. Developing recommendations to prevent life-threatening complications of children with DKA using analysis of literature data and consolidated opinion of experts on the issues of intensive care in children with T1DM.

Materials and methods. We analyzed and discussed studies in diagnosis and treatment of DKA in children with type 1 diabetes and 1200 literature sources since January 1970, published in Russian peer-reviewed scientiﬁc journals and international publications presented in the online repository Medline (Pubmed). The search for publications was carried out using the keywords: «children», «DKA», «DM1», «dehydration», «cerebral edema».

Results. We considered issues of epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, intensive care for DKA, as well as clinical and diagnosis, treatment, prevention of cerebral edema issues in children. Limitations of the study were the small number of modern studies with a high level of evidence (randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses) over the past 5 years on DKA in children.

Conclusion. Taking into account the national and international experience, joint recommendations on a consensus format were developed and formulated for the diagnosis of DKA, its leading complications and treatment recommendations for children with T1DM and DKA. Timely and accurate diagnosis of DKA, intensive therapy options based on proven therapeutic eﬃcacy, laboratory and clinical monitoring are warranted to interrupt the DKA pathogenesis, prevent the development of life-threatening conditions, and improve treatment outcomes for children with DKA.
Relational Approach Towards Decolonizing Curriculum Development within the Colonial Postsecondary Institution
Authors: Daley Andrea , Neufeld Hannah , Skinner Kelly , Van Katwyk Trish , Smoke Mary Lou , Smoke Dan
Published: April 2024

The Canadian academy is dominated by Western epistemologies that devalue Indigenous ways of knowing and marginalize Indigenous communities, cultures, and histories (Louie et al., 2017). This paper draws on a cross-disciplinary, interprofessional collaboration between a School of Public Health Sciences and School of Social Work to develop an online graduate course that sought to advance knowledge and practice in Indigenous wellbeing and health through a social justice lens. We explore key considerations, strategies, and challenges undertaken by an interdisciplinary group of non-Indigenous professors to create a learning experience for students that challenges colonial ways of seeing, being, knowing, and doing in the professional practice fields of public health and social work and that serves to elevate and sustain Indigenous voices, knowledges, sciences, and practices within the academy. In doing so, we centre the process of course development, including working with an Indigenous Advisory Circle and Indigenous contributors of content, guest lecture videos, and artwork. The paper describes the creation of a relational teaching and learning community, while raising concerns about the institutionalization of this approach to Indigenous-focused course development in the absence of the structural changes needed to enhance the presence of Indigenous faculty and Elders in academic institutions.
Designing capacitive shaft runout sensors for power generators in the Comsol Multiphysics
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv., Bereznychenko Viktoriia , Zaitsev Ievgen ,   Institute of Electrodynamics of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv.
Published: April 2024

The monograph is devoted to the development of the capacitive method of measuring the radial runout of cylindrical shaft surfaces in high-power hydroelectric generators by creating new runout meters and methods for modeling the sensors of radial runout of cylindrical shaft surfaces in high-power hydroelectric generators of Ukrainian HPPs and PHES, taking into account the design features of the diagnostic object in the Comsol Multiphysics environment. The relevance of developing methods for designing and researching sensors to create sensors for radial runout of cylindrical shaft surfaces of high-power hydroelectric generators with increased accuracy, noise immunity, and resolution is determined by the need to improve the assessment of the state of power plant equipment during operation. The main characteristics and types of powerful hydraulic units and features of control and diagnostics of their structural units are presented. The defects of hydraulic units’ components are analyzed to determine which data of the results of measuring the parameters of radial vibration of the shaft and the criteria for assessing the runout and vibration of shafts of high-power hydraulic units are used. The methods and means of controlling the parameters of shaft runout, as well as the systems for monitoring and diagnosing the technical condition of hydraulic units in which they are used, are described. It is shown that among the wide variety of methods and means of control, capacitive sensors are distinguished for measuring additional parameters in the systems of vibration control and diagnostics of hydraulic units. This is due to the relatively simple manufacturing technology of capacitive transducers, their high accuracy, resolution, reproducibility, and stability under conditions of various destabilizing factors. The monograph presents the results of the creation and research of multiphysical models of capacitive sensors, the justification of the choice of the optimal sensor topology depending on the design parameters of the diagnostic object, the assessment of the influence of sensor manufacturing technology on their transformation functions and the development of ways to minimize measurement errors, and the assessment of the main errors of capacitive sensors.
Modified method of searching keywords and keyterms in text data
Authors:   NTUU ", Bukhalenkov D.O. ,   KPI", Zabolotnia T.M. ,   NTUU "KPI"
Published: April 2024

This article discusses the issue of automated search for keywords and key terms in text data. To improve the efficiency of the tools of automated search for keywords in the text according to the criteria of absolute accuracy and Jaccard index, a modification of one of the most modern methods for searching for keywords has been developed. A modification of the existing hybrid keyword search method is proposed. It takes into account complex dependencies between pairs of words in the text to determine multi-word expressions, which, unlike the original method, allows finding key terms consisting of several words. Tests of the created modification of the hybrid method of searching for key terms showed the effectiveness of its use for searching for key terms in texts in comparison with existing analogues.
Automatic development of deep neural networks for improving numerical meteorological forecast
Authors:   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Doroshenko А.Yu. , Kushnirenko R.V. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: April 2024

This paper briefly describes the examples of deep learning applications to scientific and technical problems, as well as the difficulties that may arise with these applications. The paper shows the importance of the automatic development of deep neural networks. The paper verifies the possibility of the application of the neuroevolutionary approach to the post-processing of the results of meteorological forecasting (2m temperature) obtained using numerical hydrodynamic methods. The results show that in half of the cases, both the rootmean-square error value and the percentage of improved predictions are better (and in some cases much better) for the neuroevolutionary approach than the corresponding values for the manually designed architecture. Thus, neural network models obtained automatically can outperform manually designed models while applied to improving numerical meteorological forecasts
Gender, climate and landowning: Sources of variability in the weather pattern change and ideal fertility relationship in Sahelian West Africa
Authors: McLoughlin Brooks Isabel H.
Published: April 2024

This paper advances our understanding of the relationship between climate change and ideal fertility in Sahelian West Africa by exploring sources of variation in that relationship. Using an integrated dataset of Demographic and Health Surveys with monthly rainfall and temperature data, the analyses model dimensions of prospective ideal fertility for young, childless men and women in Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso and Nigeria. Temperature, particularly in the arid climate zone, is shown to have a positive effect on ideal fertility. Landowning insulates individuals from adjusting their fertility ideals in response to change. Gender-stratified models reveal that under hotter conditions, women have a higher ideal number of children but their ideal gender composition remains relatively balanced, while men do not change their ideal number of children but show a preference for more sons. The increase in ideal fertility in response to weather change may be understood as an increasing need to generate human capital to meet the increased labour demands that climate change brings over both the short and the long term.
The singer, not the song
Authors: Nichols David
Published: April 2024

The singer, not the song
Learning to Teach about Climate Justice and Social Justice in Science Methods
Authors:   Portland State University, Chappell Mindy
Published: April 2024

In November, the Editors of NWJTE sat down for a conversation with Dr. Mindy J. Chappell, a Science Teacher Educator in the College of Education at Portland State University. Dr. Chappell’s passions include developing teachers who are prepared to disrupt normative science ideologies and provide young people with science instruction that encourages and empowers them to be leaders in their communities. She engages in arts-based educational science research through the methodology of Ethnodance (a term she coined). She places young people and their lived experiences at the heart of her work.
Feminist Political Ecology in the Classroom
Authors:   Washington College, Yeigh Ella
Published: April 2024

As the effects of climate change are being felt more frequently, discussions on how to combat such a massive issue are increasingly prevalent. Finding solutions to the climate crisis requires an understanding of how mainstream economic systems have led to the climate crisis and using these same principles to get out of the climate crisis is misguided. Economic actions have inherent value biases that have real political effects. Feminist Political Ecology (FPE) as a theoretical model presents a better understanding of how values that are inherent in economic models such as reliance on efficiency, markets, and continual economic growth have created the foundation for the climate crisis. Solutions must remedy these value shortcomings to become more ecocentric, reciprocal, and foster a healthy common to make substantial progress on the issue.
EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY IN VIDEO FORMAT ON HOME BATHING OF TERM NEWBORNS
Authors: Corrêa Bianca da Silva Ornellas , Góes Fernanda Garcia Bezerra , Silva Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da , Silva Maria da Anunciação , Goulart Maithê de Carvalho e Lemos , Campos Brenda Lucas , Silva Liliane Faria da
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT Objective: evaluating the effectiveness of an educational technology in video format on the knowledge of family caregivers about home bathing of term newborns. Method: a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental, single-group, before-and-after design, carried out between February and June 2023, in the Rooming-in Unit of a municipal hospital located in the coastal lowlands of Rio de Janeiro State. Data collection consisted of three stages (pre-test, intervention, and post-test). McNemar's test was used to compare the proportion of correct answers before and after the intervention. The p<0.5 was used. Results: 107 family members took part, 86 of them women (80.4%). There was a 36.5% increase in the total number of correct answers in the post-test after the use of educational technology. Most of the questions showed an increase in the number of correct answers (n=16; 88.9%), with more than half showing a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test. The questions on the use of different brands of hygiene products, the use of talcum powder, care of the umbilical cord stump, and the most suitable type of bath, as well as the temperature and duration of the bath, stood out. Conclusion: The educational video “How to bathe a newborn baby at home” proved to be effective in increasing knowledge about home bathing of term newborns. Thus, the video evaluated on the subject can be used as an educational health technology with families to promote safer care for newborns.
Educational vulnerability and childhood: interfaces with the street in approximate with the school
Authors: Cavalari Neto Ranulfo , Berger Sonia Maria Dantas
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT The article aims to discuss the issue of vulnerability, broadening its horizons and touching on educational vulnerability with a focus on childhood on the streets. It’s important to understand that educational vulnerability is a factor to be considered in this scenario of protection and guarantees of rights, where thoughts and practices still remain colonizing. For this discussion, it’s necessary to approach the dynamics of children and adolescent living on the streets in the urban context, from the perspective of the politicization of childhood. The problematizations of this article, arising from university extension and action research in the context of Niterói’s public squares in conjunction with the praxis of social workers, come to contribute to other research practices that open the ears to listen to the voices that emerge from the streets, seeking to understand space as an instrument of real childhoods - within urban occupations, abandoned mansions, sheltered in tents and that play and produce life in the streets of the cities in which they occupy. The relations between teacher training, the school and the street urgently need other perspectives and practices, thus constituting childhood as political subjects. We warn that all transformations occur through and through the body. Looking closely at these bodies living on the streets can provide clues about forms of reception and pedagogical practices that reduce vulnerabilities, including education.
“O mundo aos nossos olhos e pelas nossas vozes”: o que crianças dizem sobre direitos, discriminações e diferenças, género e pobreza
Authors: Tomás Catarina , Gonçalves Carolina
Published: April 2024

RESUMO No âmbito do projeto SMOOTH - Educational Common Spaces, Passing through enclosures and reversing Inequalities (Horizonte 2020, Comissão Europeia) e do subprojeto RED - Rights, Equality, Difference - bem como de um posicionamento epistemológico, teórico, metodológico e ético, que coloca em diálogo a Sociologia da Infância e as Ciências de Educação, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa com crianças a frequentarem o 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico, numa escola pública de Lisboa, no âmbito da disciplina de Cidadania e Desenvolvimento. Um objetivo central do Projeto, que se apresenta neste artigo, é analisar, a partir de uma escuta ativa das crianças, as suas conceções sobre direitos, discriminações e diferenças, género e pobreza, e dos seus sentidos subjetivos vividos/atribuídos. Metodologicamente, através da observação, de entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos focais, as suas vozes, e por sua proposta, materializaram-se na publicação de um episódio de podcast. A análise de conteúdo qualitativa permite exercitar a compreensão face ao que as crianças dizem sobre aquelas temáticas, naquilo que priorizaram, refletiram e ignoraram. As suas visões de e sobre o mundo devem ser entendidas a partir das suas biografias e dos seus contextos.
Occurrence of parietal and invasive tapetum in Dyckia strehliana (Bromeliaceae): first report for the Family
Authors: Silva Roberta Maidana da , Oliveira João Marcelo Santos de
Published: April 2024

Abstract Tapetal tissue plays essential roles in the formation of generative cells, as it is related to their nutrition and development in anthers. Among the few species of Bromeliaceae for which tapetal tissue has been describe, most have a secretory tapetum and one has an invasive tapetum. This study analyzed the developmental stages of the anthers of Dyckia strehliana, with emphasis on the tapetum, to identify variability in development and structure. Botanical material was collected on the banks of the Toropi River in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and processed using standard plant micro-techniques. During meiosis prophase, tapetal cells of some samples remained parietal while in the others, a proportional number, the invasion of the locular space begins, culminating in total invasion during the free microspore phase and without fusion of the protoplasts. Tapetal degeneration is complete before gametogenesis begins in both types. Thus, it is possible to describe two modes of development and tapetal structure, one parietal and one invasive, although the tapetum remains as a general secretory type in both cases. Thus, according to present work, the terms invasive and parietal are indicators of states of the secretory tapetum.
Pollen morphology in the genus Dyckia (Bromeliaceae): endemic species from southern Brazil comprising the proposed infrageneric grouping “D. selloa complex”
Authors: Almeida Pedro Schwambach de , Santos Rinaldo Pires dos , Mariath Jorge Ernesto Araújo
Published: April 2024

Abstract Dyckia, belonging to the Bromeliaceae, consists of species that share several morphological similarities. Recently, a proposal has grouped 13 species of the genus into a “D. selloa complex” based on their limited geographical distribution and seed characteristics. However, further investigation is required to gain a better understanding of this grouping. This study aimed to analyze the pollen grain morphology of the grouped species. The analysis was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as light microscopy equipped with bright field and fluorescence optics. Various structures were measured. The pollen grains are heteropolar, oblate, and range in size from small to medium. They possess a simple sulcus type and exhibit a sexine (composed of tectum and infratectum columellate) and a nexine 1. Different patterns of ornamentation were identified, including reticulate, microreticulate, reticulate with free granules, reticulate with a partially discontinuous reticulum, and reticulate with a discontinuous reticulum. The aperture margin of some species differs from the described characteristics for the genus (Puya type) and is referred to here as the “Other” type. The results align with existing data for the genus Dyckia and contribute to understanding the pollen morphology within the genus and the studied group. The data obtained in this study, along with the observed variations, could facilitate a better understanding of the “D. selloa complex”.
PORE-SCALE ANALYSIS OF AQUEOUS PHASE TRAPPING RESISTANCE IN CARBONATE GAS RESERVOIRS
Authors: Fu Wenting , Mo Fei , Qi Zhilin , Huang Xiaoliang , Yan Wende , Zhang Wanliang
Published: April 2024

In carbonate gas reservoirs, water in aquifers can flow into reservoirs through highly permeable fractures, which leads
to aqueous phase trapping and reduces well productivity. In this paper, flow resistances during aqueous phase trapping
are analyzed. A mathematical model of aqueous phase trapping resistances is established at the pore scale, taking into
account capillary pressure, gas viscous force, and water viscous force. The factors affecting aqueous phase trapping
resistances are discussed, including pore radius, throat radius, flow velocity, fracture width, etc. Results show that gas flow resistance in the matrix easily exceeds the water flow resistance in fractures. Water in fractures occupies the flow path in the formation and traps gas inside the matrix. Consequently, aqueous phase trapping occurs. The gas flow resistance is mainly affected by the throat radius because the capillary pressure accounts for more than 98% of the gas phase flow resistance. When the throat radius increases from 0.1 μm to 10 μm, the gas flow resistance decreases by 89.99%. The water flow resistance is mainly influenced by the fracture width and the flow velocity. Water flow resistance has a linear relationship with the flow velocity. The water flow resistance is also sensitive to fracture width. When the fracture width rises from 0.2 μm to 1 μm, the water flow resistance diminishes by 96%.
Bond of textile-reinforced belite calcium sulfoaluminate cement mortar to concrete substrate
Authors: Cholostiakow Szymon , Ren Zhili , Skyrianou Ioanna , Koutas Lampros , Papakonstantinou Christos , Bescher Eric , Hanein Theodore
Published: April 2024

The fast aging of existing building stock requires effective and sustainable strengthening solutions. Textile-reinforced mortars (TRM) have already proved to be very effective as well as versatile retrofitting solutions for reinforced concrete and masonry structures. TRMs can enhance the load bearing capacity of reinforced concrete structures; however, current TRM systems are based on standard Portland cement-based binders, which largely contribute to global human-induced CO2 emissions. This work, for the first time, explores the use of belite calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) binder for carbon textile reinforcement through a cross-disciplinary study combining structural engineering and materials science. An experimental study was carried out on concrete block members with externally bonded strips of carbon textile-reinforced mortars, similar to a typical TRM retrofitting system for concrete beams. The textiles were embedded in an ordinary Portland cement-based (OPC) binder or in a BCSA-based binder to compare the bond behaviour to the concrete substrate. The tests revealed a superior bond between the BCSA mortar and the concrete, as well as outstanding adhesion to the textiles achieved using the BCSA binder, with performance levels largely surpassing those measured in their counterparts that used the OPC-based binder. Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analyses were used to understand this behaviour difference and it was concluded that the ettringite phase is responsible for the enhanced performance in the studied system. The results of this study suggest that BCSA binders have the potential to be a more effective and “greener” alternative to the standard binders based on Portland cement in TRM strengthening applications.
Thermal conductivity of an external wall with a simulated smart aerogel insulation system
Authors: Iravani Kaveh
Published: April 2024

Modern technologies are more than ever adopting intelligent designs that respond to environmental variants to produce more desirable outcomes. In the building and housing industries, intelligent designs aim to conserve energy through temperature controls and energy storage and distribution systems. In this context, an intelligent aerogel insulation system is modelled and studied for exterior building walls. An aerogel with a thermal conductivity of about 0.012 W/(m K) has a superior insulating property, and an intelligent design built around it would introduce additional energy storage and delivery enhancements to the system. In this study, a test room and a control room in an open urban environment were built, and the intended intelligence was considered first by choosing an aerogel that had the potential to be engineered with smart properties according to researchers in composite materials science and second by automation, which was applied manually to the test room. The calculated thermal conductivity of an external wall with intelligent aerogel insulation was −(1.83 ± 0.06) × 10−1 W/m. The negative sign was an attribute of a system function rather than of the material. The external wall with intelligent aerogel insulation, in comparison with an identical non-insulated wall, exhibited 2.7 times better energy conservation.
Long Non-coding RNA NEAT1, NOD-Like Receptor Family Protein 3 Inflammasome, and Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Xue Rui , Yiu Wai Han , Chan Kam Wa , Lok Sarah W.Y. , Zou Yixin , Ma Jingyuan , Li Hongyu , Chan Loretta Y.Y. , Huang Xiao Ru , Lai Kar Neng , Lan Hui Yao , Tang Sydney C.W.
Published: April 2024

Key Points

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) was upregulated in human and murine AKI. It returned to baseline after recovery in humans. Its knockdown preserved kidney function in animals.

In vitro, LPS upregulated NEAT1 by TLR4/NF-κB signaling and caused its translocation into the cytoplasm where it activated nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor family protein 3 by binding receptor of activated protein C kinase 1.

Background

AKI is common in hospitalized patients and is associated with high mortality. Inflammation plays a key role in the pathophysiology of AKI. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as regulators of the inflammatory and immune response, but its role in AKI remains unclear.

Methods

We explored the role of lncRNA nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) in (1) a cross-sectional and longitudinal cohort of AKI in humans, (2) three murine models of septic and aseptic AKI, and (3) cultured C1.1 mouse kidney tubular cells.

Results

In humans, hospitalized patients with AKI (N=66) demonstrated significantly higher lncRNA NEAT1 levels in urinary sediment cells and buffy coat versus control participants (N=152) from a primary care clinic; among six kidney transplant recipients, NEAT1 levels were the highest immediately after transplant surgery, followed by a prompt decline to normal levels in parallel with recovery of kidney function. In mice with AKI induced by sepsis (by LPS injection or cecal ligation and puncture) and renal ischemia-reperfusion, kidney tubular Neat1 was increased versus sham-operated mice. Knockdown of Neat1 in the kidney using short hairpin RNA preserved kidney function and suppressed overexpression of the AKI biomarker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, leukocyte infiltration, and both intrarenal and systemic inflammatory cytokines IL-6, CCL-2, and IL-1β. In LPS-treated C1.1 cells, Neat1 was overexpressed by TLR4/NF-κB signaling and translocated from the cell nucleus into the cytoplasm where it promoted activation of nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor family protein 3 inflammasomes by binding with the scaffold protein receptor of activated protein C kinase 1. Silencing Neat1 ameliorated LPS-induced cell inflammation, whereas its overexpression upregulated IL-6 and CCL-2 expression even without LPS stimulation.

Conclusions

Our findings demonstrate a pathogenic role of NEAT1 induction in human and mice during AKI with alleviation of kidney injury in three experimental models of septic and aseptic AKI after knockdown of Neat1. LPS/TLR4-induced Neat1 overexpression in tubular epithelial cells increased the inflammatory response by binding with the scaffold protein, receptor of activated protein C kinase 1, to activate nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor family protein 3 inflammasomes.
Ana Dili Eğitiminde Karşılıklı Konuşma Becerisine Yönelik Dil İşlevleriyle İlgili Öğretmen Görüşleri
Authors: Demir Elif , Deniz Kemalettin
Published: April 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkçe öğretmenlerinin ana dili eğitiminde karşılıklı konuşma becerisine yönelik dil işlevleriyle ilgili görüşlerini incelemektir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımının benimsendiği çalışmada görüşme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu, Türkiye’nin 7 bölgesindeki 18 farklı ilde görev yapan 30 Türkçe öğretmeninden oluşmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin görüşlerini alabilmek için araştırmacıların geliştirdiği açık uçlu yarı yapılandırılmış sorulardan oluşan “Ana Dili Eğitiminde Karşılıklı Konuşma Becerisine Yönelik Dil İşlevlerine İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Ulaşılan veriler, içerik çözümlemesi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda ortaokullardaki konuşma becerisi eğitiminin günlük hayatla ilişkisinin zayıf olduğu ve konuşma becerisinde dil işlevlerine yönelik bir düzenlemeye gidilmesi ve öğretim programı, kazanımlar, ders kitapları, etkinlikler ile ölçme araç ve gereçlerinin dil işlevlerine yönelik hazırlanması gerektiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca dil işlevlerini Türkçe öğretmenlerine benimsetmek için çeşitli eğitimlerin verilmesi, etkinliklerin yapılmasına ihtiyaç olduğu bulgulanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına dayalı olarak program geliştiriciler, ders kitabı yazarları, ölçme ve değerlendirme uzmanları ile öğretmenlere yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
The Half-Baked Loaf: Reflections on Hamza Andreas Tzortzis’ Discussion of Science in The Divine Reality
Authors: Bigliardi Stefano
Published: April 2024

This article scrutinizes the conceptualization of science advanced by the Muslim public speaker and author Hamza Andreas Tzortzis in his book The Divine Reality. The Islamic theistic outlook advanced by Tzortzis is based on extensive discussion of science, including a rebuttal of science-based atheism and the prescription for Muslims to practically accept the theory of evolution as a best-working model without in fact including it in their belief system. It is argued that Tzortzis’s discussion suffers from six major and intertwined problems related to the consistency and accuracy of the epistemological framework within which he defends (Islamic) theism.
TEST RESULTS OF DOMESTIC RECUPERATIVE COALS
Authors: Korshak A.A. , Gaisin M.T.
Published: April 2024

Adsorption steam recovery plants (VRS) of oil and petroleum products are among the most common in the world. This is facilitated by their relatively high throughput, low energy consumption, and a sufficiently high achievable degree of purification of the gas-air mixture (GAM) from hydrocarbons. The main consumable material in this case is an adsorbent – a substance capable of first selectively attaching hydrocarbon gases contained in hot water to its surface, and when thermodynamic conditions change, it detaches them. Most often, recuperative (activated) coal is used as an adsorbent. During operation, the adsorption capacity of recuperative coal gradually decreases. This is facilitated by the mechanical destruction heavy hydrocarbons contained in the hot water, which cannot be fully isolated during the desorption operation. Therefore, periodically recuperative coal requires replacement.Until recently, it was purchased abroad. Usually, recuperative coal was supplied complete with the recuperation units themselves, supplied from abroad. However, to date, adsorption VRS have begun to be produced in Russia. In addition, the endless sanctions of the West are forcing us to look for sources of supply of this adsorbent inside the country.The article presents the results of comparative laboratory tests of a number of recuperative coals for use in the adsorption of hydrocarbons from hot water. According to the of coal granules, as well as water vapor and value of the integral efficiency indicator, the best of them was the Sorber-30 brand coal. In addition, the enterprise at which it is produced has the necessary production facilities, human resources, capabilities for conducting input quality control of raw materials and the quality of finished products, and also supplies recuperative coal to consumers in sufficiently large volumes, i.e. is a reliable supplier.The article also describes the results of comparative industrial tests of the recovery coal «Sorber-30» and imported coal of the brand «CGF4 plus», operated in the adsorption VRSin LLC «Transneft – Port Kozmino» since 2014.