bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of RGS12 in Placental Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Cao Xianling , Zhou Xuanyou , Xu Naixin , Shi Weihui , Huang Hefeng , Sun Zhengao , Chen Songchang , Xu Chen-Ming
Published: October 2024

Mitochondrial function and its regulation within the placenta are critical for maintaining a healthy pregnancy. This study investigated the role of G-protein signaling 12 (RGS12) in placental mitochondrial function and pregnancy outcomes. RGS12 was found to be localized within the mitochondria of placental trophoblast cells. RGS12 knockdown in human placental cells resulted in decreased mitochondrial abundance, impaired oxidative phosphorylation, and reduced antioxidant capacity. Mechanistically, RGS12 enhanced the function of ATP5B, a key mitochondrial enzyme, by promoting its tyrosine phosphorylation. In a mouse model, placental RGS12 deficiency led to preterm birth (PTB), decreased fetal weight, and trophoblast cell death. These adverse effects were associated with diminished ATP synthase activity and activation of the p38MAPK signaling pathway, while restoring RGS12 expression improved the phenotype of mitochondrial dysfunction in placental trophoblast cells. Furthermore, reduced RGS12 expression and impaired mitochondrial function were observed in placentas from cases experiencing PTB. Collectively, these findings provide hitherto undocumented evidence of a specific molecular mechanism by which placental mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Our study suggests that RGS12 may represent a novel therapeutic target for improving pregnancy outcomes through its role in regulating placental mitochondrial function.
Unmasking the Ethical Dimensions of Data-sharing in Health Research: Perspectives from Researchers at a Public University in Uganda
Authors: Kutyabami Paul , Muyinda Herbert , Mukuru Moses , Mwaka Erisa , Pakoyo Kamba , Kalyango Joan , Sewankambo Nelson K.
Published: October 2024

Background
In resource-limited settings like Uganda, ethical sharing of health research data is crucial for advancing scientific knowledge. Despite the growing trend of data sharing in the digital age, its adoption in low-resource contexts is often hampered by complex ethical considerations. This report investigates these ethical concerns using data from researchers at a public university, with the goal of informing the development of practical solutions to promote ethical data-sharing practices in Uganda
Methods
A qualitative phenomenographic study was conducted with 26 participants at Makerere University College of Health Sciences, including professors, lecturers, research fellows, and PhD students. In-depth interviews were conducted via Zoom or in person, using an interview guide. Data were analyzed thematically using ATLAS.ti (V9), following both deductive and inductive approaches
Results
The study revealed a complex landscape of data-sharing practices among researchers. Participants had varying understandings of data sharing, with some expressing limited awareness. Incentives were widely recognized as crucial for encouraging data sharing. While acknowledging data sources in publications was appreciated, some researchers advocated for co-authorship for significant contributions. Researchers’ autonomy and control over data-sharing practices were influenced by factors such as research concept origination, funding sources, researchers’ financial status, and analytical skills. Institutional policies, cultural norms, and customs that promote a ‘siloed’ research environment also significantly influenced of data-sharing behavior
Conclusion
This study revealed a complex landscape of data-sharing practices among researchers. The varying interpretations of data sharing highlight the need for enhanced education and awareness regarding its importance. The identified incentives, such as financial rewards and co-authorship, which encourage data sharing, suggest a need to establish a fair data-sharing reward system. Additionally, policies that facilitate researchers' autonomy and data control, while fostering trust, are crucial to address the siloed research culture.
Asprosin Promotes Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Apoptosis by Inhibiting Autophagy
Authors: Zheng Shuran , Liu Wenli , Du Xiaogang
Published: October 2024

Asprosin, a recently discovered adipokine, is a glucotropic hormone involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and closely associated with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Renal tubular epithelial cell injury is one of the important pathological characteristic of DKD. However, the precise molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we validated the role of Asprosin in proximal tubular epithelial cells injury in DKD. The expression level of Asprosin was found to be higher in kidney tissues and plasma of DKD patients than in the healthy group. Additionally, the kidney tissues of DKD mouse and HK-2 cells treated with high glucose showed elevated Asprosin expression. Moreover, Asprosin intervention in HK-2 cells led to insufficient autophagy and increased apoptosis. These findings suggest that Asprosin exacerbates autophagy disturbance and induces apoptosis in HK-2 cells under high glucose conditions, and our further studies verified that Asprosin promotes HK-2 cell apoptosis by inhibiting autophagy. Thus, our findings demonstrate for the first time that elevated glucose levels can upregulate Asprosin in both kidney tissue and plasma. Moreover, Asprosin can enhance apoptosis in HK-2 cells by inhibiting autophagy, aggravate autophagy dysregulation and apoptosis caused by high glucose, and promote injury in renal tubular epithelial cells.
Associations between Abdominal Fat, Psoas Muscle Fat, and Lumbar Spine Bone Density: Insights from Quantitative CT Imaging
Authors: Xu Hua , Wang Zhi , Meng Xiang-hong , Zhu Feng-ling , Zhong Yu-qiao
Published: October 2024

Purpose
To investigate the correlation between abdominal adipose tissue (AAT), psoas muscle fat content, and lumbar vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) in different age and sex groups using quantitative CT(QCT) imaging.
Methods
A total of 861 subjects were included in this study, comprising 404 males and 457 females, divided into 6 age groups. QCT was used to measure BMD, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and psoas muscle fat content (Fp). Independent sample t-tests were used to compare intergroup differences in the above data between males and females in the same age group. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare intergroup differences in the data between males and females in each age group. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlations of BMD with VAT, SAT, and Fp, as well as the correlation between AAT and Fp.
Results
There was no difference in Fp between males and females in each age group. In the 60–69 and 70–79 age groups, female BMD was significantly lower than that of males (P < 0.001). Except for the 20–29 and 40–49 age groups, the SAT in females was higher than that of males (P < 0.001), while except for the 20–29 age group, female VAT was lower than that of males (P < 0.001) in each age group. There were differences in BMD (F = 72.07, P < 0.001), VAT (F = 22.12, P < 0.001), and Fp (F = 23.61, P < 0.001) among different age groups in males. Among different age groups in females, there were differences in BMD (F = 188.81, P < 0.001), VAT (F = 39.82, P < 0.001), SAT (F = 6.26, P < 0.001), and Fp (F = 26.22, P < 0.001). BMD in males was negatively correlated with both VAT and Fp (R=-0.336, -0.422, P < 0.001), and Fp was positively correlated with VAT and SAT (R = 0.405, 0.125, P < 0.001). BMD in females was negatively correlated with SAT, VAT, and Fp (R=-0.112, -0.509, -0.469, P < 0.001), and Fp was positively correlated with VAT and SAT (R = 0.521, 0.325, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Visceral adipose tissue and psoas muscle fat content increase with age, while BMD decreases with age. Increased visceral adipose tissue, psoas muscle fat content, and subcutaneous adipose tissue in females may be risk factors for osteoporosis.
Sexual dimorphism in 137Cs accumulation after chronic low dose exposure in mice
Authors: Quelquejay Hélène , Brizais Chloé , Bachelot Florence , Elie Christelle , Monceau Virginie , Cron Eva , Bo Raphaël , Broggio David , Trompier François , Ristic Yohann , Bertho Jean-Marc , Grison Stéphane , G.Ebrahimian Teni
Published: October 2024

The presence of Cesium-137 (137Cs) in the environment after nuclear accidents at Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi raises many health issues for the surrounding populations chronically exposed through the food chain. Unlike previous in vivo studies that focused solely on male exposures, this experimental research aims to assess the biodistribution and dosimetry of low-dose 137Cs internal exposure in both male and female C57BL/6 mice. This study uses a previously established model for chronic ingestion of 137Cs, simulating various exposure scenarios. Male and female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to concentrations resembling those ingested daily by residents in contaminated areas (20 kBq/L), as well as 5- and 10-times higher concentrations, for either 6 or 24 weeks. Throughout this period, the animals were closely monitored to determine and quantify the 137Cs content and to calculate absorbed doses. After 6 or 24 weeks exposure to chronic 137Cs in drinking water at 500 kBq/L, 137Cs concentration varied according to the organs and the sex of the animals. Males showed a higher body burden of 137Cs compared to females, with significant differences observed as soon as day 11. As well, the organs showing the highest 137Cs concentrations were skeletal muscle in males and in females, with significant differences between males and females. Regarding excretion, it appears that the elimination of 137Cs through feces was similar in males and females. By contrast, female mice showed a higher rate of 137Cs urine excretion than males, thus explaining the lower body burden in females. The resulting absorbed doses, calculated using dose conversion factors provided by ICRP publication 108, showed that the absorbed dose is 1.85 times less in female mice compared to male mice. 36.1 mGy in females and 66.9 mGy in males after 6 weeks exposure. 182.0 mGy in females and 310.0 mGy in males after 24 weeks exposure. This study demonstrates for the first time, sexual dimorphism in 137Cs biokinetics between males and females. These findings could refine biokinetic models of cesium and absorbed dose estimations in case of internal contamination, especially in post-accidental situations.
Metabolomics reveals the metabolic characteristics of bullous pemphigoid
Authors: Tao Xiaoran , Jin Zhangsi , Xu Chen , Wei Panling , Yang Xiaoli , Zhu Caihong , Gao Jinping , Wang Zaixing
Published: October 2024

Background: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a life-threatening chronic relapsing autoimmune blistering disease. Recently, metabolomics research has been widely applied to autoimmune skin diseases.This research aims to investigate the differential metabolites in the plasma of BP patients compared to healthy individuals and to identify the metabolic pathways enriched in BP, thereby providing new insights into the pathogenesis of BP. Methods: We collected plasma samples from 32 BP patients and 35 healthy controls, using untargeted metabolomics to Identify differential metabolites, and their metabolic and signal transduction pathways were determined through KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. Results: Analysis identified 27 different metabolites between BP and normal groups. Significant changes in metabolite levels included steroids, D-Sorbitol, fatty acids, benzenes and phenols, and Prenol lipids. Steroids were uniformly upregulated, while fatty acids were uniformly downregulated. KEGG pathway analysis identified 15 significantly different pathways (p < 0.05) between the BP and normal group, including amino acid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. Conclusion: This study utilized metabolomics analysis to reveal the differences in plasma metabolites and characteristic metabolic pathways between BP patients and healthy controls. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of BP and may inform the diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of the disease.
Development of a multidimensional 1-year mortality prediction model for patients discharged from the geriatric department: A longitudinal cohort study based on comprehensive geriatric assessment and clinical data
Authors: Li Jiaojiao , Kang Lin , Liu Xiaohong , Sun Xiaohong , Zhu Minglei , Wang Qiumei , Qu Xuan , zhang Ning , Xia Eryu , Lu Fei , Liu Shuo , Jin Shuang , Wang Xueping , Yao Guojun
Published: October 2024

Background
A poor prognosis within 1 year of discharge is important when making decisions affecting postoperative geriatric inpatients. Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) plays an important role in guiding holistic assessment-based interventions. However, current prognostic models derived from CGA and clinical data are limited and have unsatisfactory performance. We aimed to develop an accurate 1-year mortality prediction model for patients discharged from the geriatric ward using CGA and clinical data.
Methods
This longitudinal cohort study analysed data from 816 consecutively assessed geriatric patients between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019. Models were constructed using Cox proportional hazards regression and their validity was assessed by analysing discrimination, correction, and decision curves. The robustness of the model was determined using sensitivity analysis. A nomogram was developed to predict the 1-year probability of mortality, and the model was validated using C-statistics, Brier scores, and calibration curves.
Results
During 644 patient-years of follow-up, 57 (11·7%) patients died. Clinical variables included in the final prediction model were activities of daily living, serum albumin level, Charlson Comorbidity Index, FRAIL scale, and Mini-Nutrition Assessment-Short Form scores. A C-statistic value of 0·911, a Brier score of 0·058, and a calibration curve validated the model.
Conclusion
Our risk stratification model can accurately predict prospective mortality risk among patients discharged from the geriatric ward. The functionality of this tool facilitates objective palliative care.
Role of technology usage among school children and its relationship with life skills assessment
Authors: G Meenakshi , Koppad Vanishree
Published: October 2024

As the proliferation of technology continues to reshape the modern educational setting, understanding the role of technology usage among school children and its impact on their life skills development becomes increasingly critical. This study seeks to investigate the multifaceted relationship between technology use, specifically digital devices and the internet, and the assessment of life skills in school-aged children. The objectives are to explore the extent and patterns of technology usage among school children, as well as to assess how this usage correlates with the development of essential life skills. Findings from this study will shed light on the positive and negative impacts of technology usage on children's life skills development. It will also address potential differences in technology access, exposure, and usage among various demographic groups and how these disparities may influence life skills acquisition. The implications of this research are significant, as it will inform educators, parents, and policymakers about the optimal integration of technology into the classroom and home environments to foster holistic skill development in school children.
Newly Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and their cardiac profile in a tertiary care hospital in Southern India: A Prospective study
Authors: Premchandra Kishan
Published: October 2024

Background:
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has been one of the major risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). Diabetes Mellitus and ACS are seen to have increased prevalence in our country mainly because of altered lifestyle and lack of awareness among general public, resulting in India being often called the "Diabetic capital of the World"
Aim:
To study the incidence of New onset DM in patients presenting with ACS and also to compare the baseline characteristics and coronary profile among New onset DM, Known DM and Nondiabetic in group of patients presenting as ACS
Methods and Results:
This prospective study was conducted at a single center over 1-year 5 Months duration (January 2023-May 2024). All the consecutive ACS patients admitted to our cardiology department of the hospital, were enrolled in the study. Data collected included baseline demographics like age, sex, smoking status, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and coronary interventions in past. Serum HbA1c test was done for all patients. All patients were treated as per the Standard Cardiology Guidelines. All the parameters were compared between three groups;; New Onset DM, Known DM and Non Diabetics. A total 400 ACS patients were enrolled, out of which 119(29.75%) were detected as New Onset DM. Male to female ratio was 3:1. New Onset DM category had higher incidence of STEMI as well as triple vessel disease (TVD) in our study, which was statistically significant (p=0.002). Polycythemia was associated with higher incidence of STEMI in our study. (p=0.002)
Conclusion:
DM, newly or previously diagnosed, is associated with poor long term outcomes. However New Onset DM will have more adverse coronary profile (TVD) and have higher chances of having STEMI, further emphasizing the need for routine screening of DM in adults when they present as ACS
Delivering Health Promotion Advice in Urgent Care and Emergency Departments: Insights from the promotED Study - a sequential explanatory mixed-methods study
Authors: Schofield Behnaz , Voss Sarah , Terry Rohini , Gul Faiza , Hoskins Rebecca , Rolfe Ursula , McClean Stuart , Gibson Andrew , Benger Jonathan
Published: October 2024

Background:
Emergency department nurses and paramedics have contact with millions of people and could use these contacts as opportunities to help people improve their health. These two professional groups could identify people with modifiable risk factors and provide information, brief interventions, and signposting to locally provided services. This study aimed to investigate if and how health promotion is delivered by emergency department nurses and paramedics, and its acceptability to both the staff and patients in these settings.
Methods:
A mixed methods study consisting of an online survey with paramedics and emergency department nurses and semi-structured telephone interviews with staff and patients. The setting was the emergency departments in three NHS Hospital Trusts and four Ambulance Service Trusts in England.
Results:
Three hundred and thirty-one online survey responses, 21 virtual interviews with staff and 14 virtual interviews with patients were analysed. Three main themes emerged from the data: (1) role and relevance of health promotion provision; (2) needs and support for health promotion provision; (3) trust and receptiveness for health promotion provision.
Conclusions:
The findings of this study indicate that staff often refrain from engaging in health promotion activities due to uncertainty about whether it falls within their job responsibilities and a lack of confidence in their ability to perform these activities. Further research is needed to identify effective strategies to encourage, empower, and support staff in integrating health promotion activities into their daily routines in ways that are acceptable to both patients and staff.
Clinical efficacy of conbercept combined with micropulse laser in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy
Authors: Liu Qingyan , Lu Yao , Sun Shuo , Shao Xiao , Yin Xin , Ma Shuying , Xue Min
Published: October 2024

Objective
To evaluate the clinical efficacy of conbercept combined with micropulse laser(MPL) in treating polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).
Methods
In this prospective, randomized controlled trial conducted from February 2023 to April 2024, 52 patients (52eyes) with PCV at ### hospital were enrolled. Participants were randomized into a conbercept monotherapy group (27cases, 27eyes) and a combination treatment group (conbercept plus micropulse laser(MPL); 25cases, 25eyes). After an initial series of three intravitreal injections, all patients followed the Treat & Extend (T&E) protocol. Aqueous humor samples were collected before each of the first three injections, and cytokines levels were measured after the sample collection. The combined treatment group received a 577nm MPL application two weeks following the first injection. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) 、central macular thickness (CMT) and total macular volume (TMV) of each group were assessed monthly for three months.
Results
From the first to the third month post-injection, both treatment groups showed improvements in BCVA and reductions in CMT and TMV, with the combined treatment group demonstrating significantly greater improvements at each monthly evaluation (P < 0.05). Additionally, levels of aqueous humor cytokines, including VEGF-A, IL-5, MCP-1, and Ang-2, were significantly reduced in both groups. Reductions in VEGF-A and MCP-1 concentrations were positively correlated with improvements in BCVA, CMT, and TMV (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Conbercept combined with MPL therapy demonstrates superior clinical efficacy compared to intravitreal injection of Conbercept alone in patients with PCV. Furthermore, changes in VEGF-A and MCP-1 levels may serve as predictive markers for improvements in visual acuity and retinal morphology in these patients.
Bio-synthesis of Graphitic Carbon Nitride and ZnO/GCN Nanohybrid for Remarkable Environmental Application
Authors: Panchal P. , Rauwel P. , Sharma S. , Nehra S. P. , Estephan E. , Praakle K. , Rauwel E.
Published: October 2024

The current study reports on biosynthesisof pure graphitic carbon nitride (GCN), ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) and ZnO-doped gaphitic carbon nitridenanohybrids (ZnO/GCN-NHs) usingOcimumtenuiflorum(OT)leafextract.GCN synthesis using plant extract was never reported in previous studies. Under direct solar lightphotocatalytic performance of the synthesized GCN, NPs and NHs was tested on the degradation of methylene orange (MO) dye and compared. Among the samples, the ZnO/GCN-NHsexhibits superior photocatalytic activity, achieving up to 47.56% degradation in 150 min of MO dye. The cytotoxicity of the biosynthesized NPs and NHswas assessed against human dental pulp stem cells and these were found to be non-toxic, indicating their potential for biomedical applications. The antimicrobial properties were also assessed using well diffusion and disc diffusion tests against four bacterial strains i.e., two Gram-negative and two Gram-positive. The tests demonstrate significant antibacterial activity with a remarkable inhibition radius against Escherichia coli 17.5 ± 1mm, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15.04 ± 1mm, Staphylococcus aureus 27.5 ± 1mm, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae 25 ± 1 mm. The enhanced photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties of the ZnO/GCN-NHs are hypothesized to be due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the combination of ZnO NPs with biosynthesized GCN.
Dual Representation Learning for One-Step Clustering of Multi-View Data
Authors: Zhang Wei , Deng Zhaohong , Choi Kup-Sze , Wang Jun , Wang Shitong
Published: October 2024

In real-world applications, multi-view data is widely available and multi-view learning is an effective method for mining multi-view data. In recent years, multi-view clustering, as an important part of multi-view learning, has been receiving more and more attention, while how to design an effective multi-view data mining method and make it more pertinent for clustering is still a challenging mission. For this purpose, a new one-step multi-view clustering method with dual representation learning is proposed in this paper. First, based on the fact that multi-view data contain both consistent knowledge between views and unique knowledge of each view, we propose a new dual representation learning method by improving the matrix factorization to explore them and to form common and specific representations. Then, we design a novel one-step multi-view clustering framework, which unifies the dual representation learning and multi-view clustering partition into one process. In this way, a mutual self-taught mechanism is developed in this framework and leads to more promising clustering performance. Finally, we also introduce the maximum entropy and orthogonal constraint to achieve optimal clustering results. Extensive experiments on seven real world multi-view datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Exploring the Determinants of Humanistic Care Competency in Chinese Infectious Disease Nurses Based on the HLM Model: Role of Psychological Capital and Organizational Environment
Authors: Zhai Ziyan , Wang Yu , Li Qiuyun , Meng Kai , Zhang Lili
Published: October 2024

Background: The humanistic care competency of infectious disease nurses plays a crucial role in clinical nursing practice. However, there is a lack of research on its influencing factors in China. This study aims to explore the influencing factors of humanistic care competency among Chinese infectious disease nurses and provide a reference basis for improving their humanistic care competency.
Methods: A stratified cluster sampling was conducted in 22 hospitals of the Chinese Infectious Disease Nursing Alliance. A total of 3135 infectious disease nurses were surveyed using self-designed questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was performed to examine the current level of humanistic care competency among infectious disease nurses. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the relationships between humanistic care competency, organizational environment, and psychological capital. A hierarchical linear model (HLM) was employed to investigate the effects of organizational-level organizational environment and individual-level psychological capital on humanistic care competency.
Results:Significant differences in humanistic care competency scores were observed between male and female infectious disease nurses (P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations between humanistic care competency and both nurses' psychological capital and organizational environment (P＜0.05). The HLM analysis indicated that gender, participation in training, and psychological capital had positive effects on humanistic care competency, while organizational environment exerted a negative moderating effect.
Conclusions: Nurses' psychological capital and the organizational environment of their departments influence their humanistic care competency. It is recommended that managers focus on enhancing and improving the organizational environment, strengthening psychological assessments and training. By fostering a positive psychological capital among nurses, their humanistic care competency can be stimulated.
RCN1 binds KIF14 to promote the malignant development of cervical cancer
Authors: Li Yanyu , Cai Li , Zhou Jiayun , Zhang Xuping , Zheng Yunuo , Zhang Jingbo , Cao Mengying , Cheng Hui , Wang Qing , Zhang Bei
Published: October 2024

Purpose
The fourth most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women is cervical cancer. Though treatment of early-stage cervical cancer is often effective, middle and advanced stage cervical cancer is hard to treat and prone to recurrence. We sought to explore the mechanism underlying cervical cancer progression to identify new therapeutic approaches.
Methods
Label-free mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in cervical cancer and normal tissues. The findings were confirmed by Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and immunohistochemistry. The function of RCN1 in tumor invasion, metastasis, and proliferation was investigated using in vitro and in vivo tests. Immunoprecipitation tandem mass spectrometry (IP-MS) was performed in RCNI knockdown cells to identify downstream pathways.
Results
RCN1 expression is elevated in patients with lymph node metastases and recurrent cervical cancer and correlates with poor prognosis. Knockdown and overexpression assays revealed that RCN1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells. RCN1 overexpression encourages lung metastasis in a mouse xenograft model. Furthermore, RCN1 targets KIF14, an activator of AKT, thus providing a molecular basis that could explain the malignant behavior of RCN1-expressing cervical cancer.
Conclusion
RCN1 is significantly expressed in cervical cancer, which is associated with a poor prognosis, spread and recurrence. By promoting KIF14-induced activation of the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway, RCN1 may facilitate the malignant development of cervical cancer.
Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of traditional villages in the Qiantang River Basin based on historical geographic information
Authors: Gao Siqi , Wang Jingxuan , Liu Shupeng , Xu Xiwei , Liao Yuqi , Zhang Zijian
Published: October 2024

Traditional villages serve as crucial carriers for the inheritance and development of rural historical culture. Exploring the spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages within specific geographic units across different historical periods from a historical–geographical perspective and examining their relationships with natural and cultural environments are instrumental in understanding the regional formation mechanisms of traditional villages. This has significant implications for the holistic preservation and differentiated utilization of these villages. This study focuses on 595 traditional villages in the Qiantang River Basin and constructs a historical geographical information database. By employing ArcGIS spatial analysis, geostatistical analysis, and historical literature review methods, this study investigates the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of these traditional villages and their influencing factors. Furthermore, the Geodetector model is used to analyze the importance of various factors influencing the distribution of traditional villages. The results indicate the following: (1) The traditional villages in the Qiantang River Basin exhibit a significant spatial clustering pattern, forming two core clusters and one belt-shaped aggregation area. (2) The historical development trajectory of traditional villages in the Qiantang River Basin can be divided into six stages: origin, expansion, peak, contraction, recovery, and saturation. The distribution center gradually shifted from the upper to the middle and lower reaches of the Qiantang River, with an expanded range and strengthened directional distribution, reflecting a north‒south spatial development sequence. (3) The spatio-temporal pattern of traditional villages in the Qiantang River Basin has been shaped by the combined effects of natural and cultural factors, with significant variation in the influence of these factors across different historical periods. The formation of traditional villages is more strongly correlated with natural factors such as elevation and water systems. This study clarifies the relationship between the evolution of traditional villages and the historical–geographical context of the Qiantang River Basin, expanding perspectives on the spatial characteristics of traditional villages and providing valuable theoretical insights into their preservation, inheritance, and development.
Title: Total thyroidectomy performed under general anesthesia with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation during a thyroid storm: A case report
Authors: Lee Hyung Gon , Bom Joon-Suk , Lee Leyeoin , Kim Joungmin
Published: October 2024

Background
Thyroid storm (TS) is a endocrine emergency requiring aggressive medical treatment. Occasionally, severe hemodynamic instability may occur, requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support as a bridge to definitive surgical treatment. Generally, surgery is not recommended for patients with unstable TS, only one case was reported of total thyroidectomy performed while on venoarterial (VA)-ECMO for TS with cardiogenic shock. Here, we present the case of a 44-year-old man with refractory hypoxemia caused by pulmonary thromboembolism who underwent emergent total thyroidectomy under general anesthesia with ongoing support from venovenous (VV)-ECMO.
Case presentation:
A 44-year-old man presented to our hospital complaining of palpitations. The patient had recently experienced coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection, which may have aggravated the undiagnosed hyperthyroidism and resulted in thyroid storm and cardiogenic shock. Heart failure improved with immediate medical treatment and VA-ECMO. Despite continuous medical treatment, uncontrolled tachycardia persisted and pulmonary thromboembolism suddenly occurred. To improve hypoxia, VV-ECMO was performed, and medical treatment was continued with no effect. Despite the associated risks, we proceeded with thyroidectomy under general anesthesia with VV-ECMO support. On postoperative day 18, the patient was discharged without any complications.
Conclusions
This is the first case report of a total thyroidectomy performed while on VV-ECMO for TS with pulmonary thromboembolism. Although VV-ECMO may be more vulnerable to hemodynamic instability than VA-ECMO, this case shows that thyroidectomy can be performed under appropriate anesthesia management.
Dynamic transcriptome landscape of oat grain development
Authors: Wang Ting , Han Bing
Published: October 2024

Background Oats are widely consumed throughout the world because of their nutritive value, with their yield and quality being associated with the developmental process of grain development. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of the transcriptional dynamics of this process have not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, RNA-seq was performed to investigate the transcriptional dynamics and identify the key genes involved in the development of the oat grain at four different developmental stages.
Results A total of 33,197 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 1,308 differentially expressed transcription factors (TFs) wereidentified. The main concern of this study was to include those genes associated with hormone signaling, and the sucrose and starch metabolism pathways.
Conclusions The results of this study provide valuable insights into the genetic resources affecting the molecular mechanism underlying the development of the oat grain, as well as establishing a strong theoretical foundation for its improvement.
Comprehensive orthodontic management of skeletal Class II division 2 deep overbite malocclusion with severe alveolar bone defect: A case report with two-year follow-up
Authors: Lin Yan , Xu Minrui , Xiao Yingzi , Zhong Quan , Xu Linyu
Published: October 2024

Background
Deep overbite is a vertical developmental anomaly of the upper and lower jaws and/or dental arches, often accompanied by sagittal and horizontal abnormalities in three-dimensional space. It can lead to restricted mandibular movement, discomfort in temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles, and, in severe case, damage to hard tissue of the teeth and periodontal structures.
Case presentation
This case report details the orthodontic treatment of a 27-year-old female with a severe anterior alveolar bone defect, Class II skeletal malocclusion, severe crowding, a pronounced anterior deep overbite, and posterior scissor bite. The treatment aims to alleviate the deep overbite through lingual root movement and intrusion the upper anterior teeth, combined with crown reduction, while carefully managing the intrusion and labial tipping of the lower anterior teeth. Strategic asymmetric tooth extractions and a comprehensive sequential orthodontic approach such as auxiliary intrusive arch, power arms, segmental arch-wires, and mini-screws were employed. After 29 months treatment, both deep overbite and arch width discrepancies were corrected, resulting in significantly improved facial aesthetics, harmonious tooth alignment, a balanced occlusal relationship, and enhanced stability of upper and lower anterior teeth. The treatment outcomes remained stable during a two-year follow-up.
Conclusions
This case demonstrates that for adult with severe deep overbite, skeletal class II division 2 malocclusion, and poor periodontal condition, a carefully tailored treatment plan with sequential and comprehensive orthodontic management— incorporating the use of auxiliary intrusive arches, mini-screws, power arms, segmental arch-wires, and crown reduction—can successfully achieve a camouflage strategy with stable and lasting results.
Kurarinol A from Sophora flavescens as potential anti-liver fibrosis agent that inhibits the activation of LX-2 cells by regulating TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Xing-Jun , He Ming-Hui , Zhang Xu , Liao Shang-Gao , Zeng Zhu , Li Zhu , Tu Bo , Long Qing-De , Lin Yan
Published: October 2024

Objective This work aims to discover bioactivity against liver fibrosis for the lavandulyl flavonoids from one botanical source of S. flavescens. Further use of transcriptomics technology to explore the molecular mechanism of anti-hepatic fibrosis.
Methods In this study, a model of LX-2 cells activation induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) was established. A total of 35 free phenolics were isolated from S. flavescens to form a small compound library. These compounds on the proliferation of LX-2 cells were screened using MTS method. Furthermore, cell scratch, transcriptomics technology, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting were used to evaluate the inhibitory effect of lavandulyl flavonoids on the proliferation and activation of LX-2 cells, and to explore the mechanism of lavandulyl flavonoids in improving liver fibrosis.
Results The results showed that a total of 11 compounds had a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of LX-2 cells and their IC50 was between 4-40 μM by MTS assay. Among them, 8 compounds were reported for the first time. Particularly, kurarinol A (1, IC50 12.65 μM) showed noticeable inhibitory activities. Furthermore, The results of cell scratch test showed that KA inhibited the migration of LX-2 cells. The migration process was carried out in a dose-dependent manner at 24 and 48 hours. Then, KA remarkably inhibit the mRNA and protein levels of liver fibrosis markers (α-SMA, fibronectin and collagen I), and could effectively inhibit the development of liver fibrosis. Additionally, transcriptome analysis revealed that there were 106 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with remarkably expression differences by the treatment of KA were identified in the LX-2 cells. The mechanism studies elucidated that KA exerted protective activities involved in modulating the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway. Among them, KA inhibited the gene and protein of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 levels, respectively.
Conclusion KA can improve liver fibrosis. The mechanism of its anti-hepatic fibrosis was achieved by regulating the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway. KA could be an effective anti-fibrosis agent.
Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Local Tolerance at Injection Site of Penicillin and Gentamicin Administered by Intravenous Regional Limb Perfusion in Standing Horses: comparison between weight bearing and flexed limbs
Authors: Guillot Marguerite , Mespoulhes-Rivière Céline , Bousquet-Melou Alain , Lacroix Marlène Z. , Roques Béatrice B. , Lallemand Elodie A.
Published: October 2024

Background:
Intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) of antibiotics is a therapeutic method used to treat distal limb infections in horses. This study objectives were to determine pharmacokinetic parameters and tolerance of sodium benzylpenicillin (NaBP) administered via IVRLP; to compare the feasibility, tolerance and efficacy of performing IVRLP on a flexed limb versus a weightbearing limb and finally to predict efficacy of IVRLP with gentamicin or NaBP. A prospective crossover study was performed with six horses included in the study. Each horse underwent four phases of antibiotic infusion (gentamicin 2.2mg/kg vs. NaBP 4.12mg/kg of BP) and limb position (weightbearing vs. flexed). Each antibiotic administration was followed by several synovial and blood samples to assess antibiotic concentrations. Inflammation and secondary sensibility were assessed at the injection site and at the sampled joint. A PK/PD analysis was conducted to predict the efficacy of IVRLP by estimating values of the AUC/MIC index for different minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC).
Results:
High synovial concentrations of NaBP and gentamicin were obtained, with high variability between horses. NaBP IVRLP was well tolerated but cephalic vein inflammation score was significantly higher following NaBP infusion compared with gentamicin. For all horses and both antibiotics, synovial antibiotics exposures were significantly higher in weightbearing limbs than in flexed limbs. We found significantly higher cephalic vein inflammation scores in flexed limbs compared to weightbearing limbs. Regarding efficacy, daily dose of 2.2mg/kg of gentamicin was adequate to treat synovial infections involving E. coli or S. aureus, even when considering resistant strains. For NaBP, a daily or every-other-day dose of 4.12mg/kg of BP was adequate to treat S. equi and sensitive S. aureus synovial infections.
Conclusions:
These data suggest that daily IVRLP of NaBP (4.12mg/kg of BP) could be an effective method for treatment of infections of the distal limb for susceptible bacteria with MIC ≤ 2µg/mL, with discrete local inflammation at the injection site; whereas IVRLP with 2.2mg/kg of gentamicin could be effective to treat infections with susceptible bacteria with MIC ≤ 16µg/mL. Performing IVRLP on a weightbearing limb led to increased antibiotics exposure of the fetlock joint and to a better tolerance than the flexed limb method.
Evaluation of sea cucumber protein paste for mice’s skin wound healing and its potential anti-inflammatory mechanism
Authors: Wang Xiaoyan , Sun Jinghe , Liu Ke , Li Shuang , Zhao Jun , Yang Jingfeng
Published: October 2024

Natural substances with anti-inflammatory activity have always been the priority for human injuries. This study aims to investigate the beneficial effects and mechanism of sea cucumber protein (SCP) on wound healing, through a BALB/c mice model and LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. To find out how SCP paste works, we identified the mice's serum cytokines and tissue section. The alteration of the NF-κB pathway during the anti-inflammatory effect of SCP was also explored. The results showed that the wound healing rate in the SCP(H) group exceeded 90%, whereas it was 72.91% and 64.10% in the Control and NC groups on day 14. New blood vessels and fibroblasts were generated in the wounds. Collagen expression increased by 13.89% and 15.12% respectively in the SCP(L) and SCP(H) groups compared with the Control group on day 14. Furthermore, SCP decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) in mice’s serum while up-regulating the level of anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10) during the healing process. Furthermore, SCP suppressed the NF-κB pathway by decreasing protein levels of phosphorylated p65 and IKKα, and increasing protein levels of IκBα.
Healthy lifestyle moderates the association between recent negative life events and depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Yang Yang , Liao Yuhua , Li Yanzhi , Zhang Huimin , Liu Yifeng , Shi Guangduoji , Hao Jiejing , Chen Ruiying , Xu Ye , Xin Zhiyao , Subi Nuer , Wang Wanxing , Guo Lan , Lu Ciyong , Fan Beifang
Published: October 2024

Background
Both recent negative life events (RNLEs) and lifestyle factors were associated with depressive symptoms, but it is unclear whether adopting a healthy lifestyle can mitigate the association between RNLEs and depressive symptoms. We aim to explore the modifying role of adopting a healthy lifestyle in the association between RNLEs and depressive symptoms.
Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4278 participants aged 18–70 years. RNLEs includes 12 common negative life events that have occurred in the past year, and were classified as low RNLEs (0 RNLEs), intermediate RNLEs (1–5 RNLEs), and high RNLEs (6–12 RNLEs). A healthy lifestyle score in adulthood was constructed as the sum of five modifiable lifestyle factors (i.e., smoking status, drinking status, regular physical activity, sleep duration, and living alone), and was classified as unfavorable [0–2 points], intermediate [3 points], and favorable [4–5 points]) groups. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire. A cut-off value of ≥ 5 was used to identify participants with depressive symptoms.
Results
A total of 1366 (31.9%) participants had depressive symptoms. Individuals with high RNLEs had a higher likelihood of depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 10.89, 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 8.59–13.80, P < 0.001) compared to those with low RNLEs. The prevalence of depressive symptoms decreased with the adoption of more favorable lifestyle categories, with the lowest likelihood observed among individuals with a favorable lifestyle (0.30 [0.25–0.37]). Participants with high RNLEs and a favorable lifestyle had an 80% lower association between depressive symptoms and RNLEs (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.14–0.29) compared to those with high RNLEs and an unfavorable lifestyle.
Conclusions
In this cross-sectional study, adopting a greater number of healthy lifestyles was associated with a lower likelihood of depressive symptoms, and mitigated the association between RNLEs and depressive symptoms.
Gender Differences in the Relationship between Sleep, Autonomic Function and Academic Performance: The Role of Sleep and HRV
Authors: Benítez-Agudelo Juan Camilo , Restrepo-Cervantes Dayana , Clemente-Suárez Vicente Javier
Published: October 2024

This study analyzed gender differences in the psychophysiological factors of stress and academic performance among university students. A cross-sectional design was employed with a sample of 601 university students (74.7% women) aged 15 to 47 years. Participants completed assessments on sleep quality, heart rate variability (HRV), personality traits, and psychological indicators such as anxiety, depression, and perceived stress. Results showed that women exhibited higher levels of neuroticism, anxiety, psychological inflexibility, and perceived stress compared to men, yet achieved better academic performance. Regression analysis revealed that sleep quality and HRV parameters, such as heart rate (HR) and the square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (rMSSD), were positively associated with academic achievement. Despite higher stress levels, female students seemed to employ more effective emotional regulation strategies, contributing to their academic success. These findings highlight the need for gender-sensitive approaches in stress management interventions to improve student well-being and academic outcomes. Future research should consider longitudinal designs to explore the temporal dynamics of stress and academic performance.