bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Processing of experimental current-voltage characteristics of single tip emitters taking into account the functional dependence of the emission area on the applied voltage
Authors: Popov Eugeni O. , Filippov Sergey V. , Kolosko Anatoly G.
Published: December 2022

The work addresses the question of the field-dependence of the notional emission area for a field-emitter tip using computer simulation and experimental data. Based on finite-element method calculations, it was determined that for single field emitters having a given shape, there is a stable and characteristic shift of the degree of voltage in the pre-exponential voltage exponent of the field emission equation relative to the “planar” case. A power-law fit to the 3D-data was applied so as to use it in the analysis of the current-voltage data using a k-power plot (KP-plot) of semilogarithmic type. A comparison of effective emission parameters obtained from the model current-voltage characteristic with the classical Fowler–Nordheim plot, modern Murphy–Good plot, and new KP-plot is carried out. The KP-plot is subsequently used to analyze the experimental data of Tungsten emitters having a scanning emission microscope determined apex radius. The new semilogarithmic analysis reveals that the apex radius of curvature is within the observed range.
The Soviet Home Front during the Great Patriotic War: Modern Historiography about the Nature and Evolution of the Mobilization System
Authors: Khlevniuk O. V.
Published: December 2022

This review examines the latest historiography of the Soviet home front during the Great Patriotic War. The focus is on investigations into various aspects of the problem of the limit state of the Soviet mobilization system. Aimed at the super-intensive use of the country’s resources in the interests of the front, the maximum mobilization gave rise to numerous contradictions that required prompt resolution. For this reason, its integral feature was a complex of adjustments of a private and fundamental nature, to which the system was subjected consciously (from above) or spontaneously (from below). It was in this altered state, which enhanced its effectiveness, that it ensured victory in the war and had a significant impact on the subsequent evolution of the Soviet Union.
Biomarkers of tumor-reactive CD4+and CD8+TILs associate with improved prognosis in endometrial cancer.
Authors: Palomero Jara , Panisello Carla , Lozano-Rabella Maria , Tirtakasuma Ricky , Díaz-Gómez Judit , Grases Daniela , Pasamar Helena , Arregui Laura , Dorca Duch Eduard , Guerra Fernández Esther , Vivancos Ana , de Andrea Carlos E , Melero Ignacio , Ponce Jordi , Vidal August , Piulats Josep Maria , Matias-Guiu Xavier , Gros Alena
Published: December 2022

Background

Despite the growing interest in immunotherapeutic interventions for endometrial cancer (EC), the prevalence, phenotype, specificity and prognostic value of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in this tumor type remains unclear.

Methods

To better understand the role of TILs in EC, we analyzed the phenotypic traits of CD8+and CD4+EC-resident T cells from 47 primary tumors by high-dimensional flow cytometry. In addition, CD8+and CD4+TIL subpopulations were isolated based on the differential expression of programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) (negative, dim and high) and CD39 (positive or negative) by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), expanded in vitro, and screened for autologous tumor recognition. We further investigated whether phenotypic markers preferentially expressed on CD8+and CD4+tumor-reactive TIL subsets were associated with the four distinct molecular subtypes of EC, tumor mutational burden and patient survival.

Results

We found that CD8+TILs expressing high levels of PD-1 (PD-1hi) co-expressed CD39, TIM-3, HLA-DR and CXCL13, as compared with TILs lacking or displaying intermediate levels of PD-1 expression (PD-1−and PD-1dim, respectively). Autologous tumor reactivity of sorted and in vitro expanded CD8+ TILs demonstrated that the CD8+PD-1dimCD39+and PD-1hiCD39+T cell subsets both contained tumor-reactive TILs and that a higher level of PD-1 expression was associated with increased CD39 and a superior frequency of tumor reactivity. With respect to CD4+T conventional (Tconv) TILs, co-expression of inhibitory and activation markers was more apparent on PD-1hicompared with PD-1−or PD-1dimT cells, and in fact, it was the CD4+PD-1hisubpopulation that accumulated the antitumor T cells irrespective of CD39 expression. Most importantly, detection of CD8+PD-1hiCD39+ and CD4+PD-1hitumor-reactive T-cell subsets, but also markers specifically expressed by these subpopulations of TILs, that is, PD-1hi, CD39, CXCL13 and CD103 by CD8+TILs and PD-1hiand CXCL13 by CD4+Tconv TILs, correlated with prolonged survival of patients with EC.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that EC are frequently infiltrated by tumor-reactive TILs, and that expression of PD-1hiand CD39 or PD-1hican be used to select and expand CD8+and CD4+tumor-reactive TILs, respectively. In addition, biomarkers preferentially expressed on tumor-reactive TILs, rather than the frequency of CD3+, CD8+and CD4+lymphocytes, hold prognostic value suggesting their protective role in antitumor immunity.
Systemic blockade of proBDNF inhibited the expansion and altered the transcriptomic expression in CD3+B220+cells in MRL/lpr lupus mice
Authors: Zha An-Hui , Luo Cong , Shen Wei-Yun , Fu Di , Dai Ru-Ping
Published: December 2022

Objectives

The overexpansion of CD3+B220+cells is the hallmark and main pathological mechanism of clinical manifestations of spontaneously developed MRL/lpr mice, which are primarily used as a mouse model of SLE. Our recent report demonstrated that blocking brain-derived neurotrophic factor precursor (proBDNF) suppressed the antibody-secreting cell differentiation and proliferation and inhibited the progression of SLE; however, the effect of proBDNF blockade on these CD3+B220+cells in MRL/lpr mice is unclear.

Methods

To explore the effect of proBDNF on CD3+B220+cells, MRL/lpr mice at 12 weeks old were intraperitoneally injected with monoclonal anti-proBDNF antibody (McAb-proB) or control IgG continuously for 8 weeks. The manifestations in mice were observed, and peripheral blood and splenocytes were collected and analysed via flow cytometry at 20 weeks old. In addition, splenic CD3+B220+cells were subjected to RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis to identify transcriptomic alterations.

Results

CD3+B220+cells in peripheral blood (p=0.0101) and spleen (p<0.0001) were expanded in MRL/lpr mice. Meanwhile, inhibition of proBDNF signalling reduced the percentage of CD3+B220+cells in peripheral blood (p=0.0036) and spleen (p=0.0280), alleviated lymphadenopathy, reduced urine protein level (p<0.0001) and increased the body weight (p=0.0493). RNA-seq revealed 501 upregulated and 206 downregulated genes in splenic CD3+B220+cells in McAb-proB-treated MRL/lpr mice compared with IgG-treated mice. The differentially expressed genes were found to be involved in apoptosis, tumour necrosis factor signalling, and T cell differentiation and proliferation.

Conclusion

Systemic blockade of proBDNF inhibited the overexpansion of CD3+B220+cells and altered their signals related to cell cycle, cell apoptosis and the immune response, which may contribute to the attenuation of disease symptoms in murine lupus.
Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of Landing Gear Retraction Mechanism in a Certain Model of Aircraft Based on RPCA Method
Authors: Sun Zhijuan , Zhao Jing
Published: December 2022

The performance of landing gear retraction mechanism in aircraft directly affects its safe operation. Therefore, it is important to analyze and evaluate its comprehensive performance during the design process. Multiple single kinematic and dynamic performance indexes of landing gear retraction mechanism could be solved by CAD/CAE software. The weighting factors of every single performance index are used to distinguish the different effects of comprehensive evaluation, and also achieved by the expert investigation method. Combining the a priori information of the mechanism, the comprehensive performance of landing gear retraction mechanism could be analyzed by Relative Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) method, and the scale of the landing gear retraction mechanism with the best comprehensive performance could be effectively selected. Further, RPCA could also provide a scientific reference basis for the optimization design of landing gear retraction mechanism.
Performance Analysis of Laminated Rubber Base Isolator-Based Secondary Suspensions Under Deflated Air-Spring
Authors: Tiwari Vikas , Sharma Satish C. , Harsha S. P.
Published: December 2022

In a railroad wagon, the vertical excitation on the wheels originated from the track irregularities; the air spring model is reliably used to restrict these abnormal vibrations at a required level and improve traveler comfort. When air springs deflate during running, too much vibration occurs and the ride is less comfortable, which are common complaints among high-speed rail operators. In the situation that the air spring deflates, the laminated rubber spring acts as a temporary emergency spring to reduce the dynamic load. An approximation method for measuring laminated rubber’s static stiffness is presented and examined the effect on the air suspension. In this study the equations of motion for the pitch, roll, and the bounce motion of the bogies and the car’s body were developed with deflated state of air spring to systematically study the effect of deflated air spring on the ride comfort of passengers. The study show that passengers’ ride comfort was predicted accurately by the proposed model. It also observed that in the presence of a laminated rubber spring, the air spring’s dynamic stiffness is moved to higher frequencies. The air spring’s dynamic stiffness is reduced at lower frequency when the diameter of the surge pipe is increased. According to the results of the research, the vehicle’s speed should be reduced while the air spring is deflated in order to keep the passengers’ comfort.
Fe3O4@SiO2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization Prepared by Green Method for Iraqi Aloe Vera Extract
Authors: Mohammed Saif Alden J. , Al-Rawi Bilal K. , Al-Haddad Raad M. S.
Published: December 2022

In this work, a green approach was used to create Fe3O4 nanoparticles. After that, ferrous chloride tetrahydrate and ferric chloride hexahydrate solutions were mixed with various quantities of Iraqi Aloe Vera gel and sodium hydroxide solution to achieve pH(8). Then, in the scale synthesis of silica-coated iron oxide NPs utilizing nontoxic and low-cost materials, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was employed as a precursor to silica. (UV–Vis), FT-IR, XRD, AFM, EDS, TEM, Zeta Potential, VSM, FESEM and VSM were used to characterize the as-prepared silica-coated (Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs) and Fe3O4 NPs. UV–Vis exhibits an absorption band in the ultraviolet region at approximately 300 nm in Fe3O4NPs and 310[Formula: see text]nm in Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs, this means red shift occurs successively. Results of (XRD) and (EDS) analyses demonstrate that magnetite nanoparticles were effectively coated using this easy process. FESEM and TEM measurements demonstrate that the particle size of iron oxide nanoparticles and iron oxide NPs CSNPs increases before and after coating with spherical particles in form. AFM evaluates surface tension and surface energy. It is found that the surface roughness of magnetite nanoparticles NPs is 49.31[Formula: see text]nm and root mean square (RMS) is 319.8[Formula: see text]nm, whereas in core–shell it is 25.45[Formula: see text]nm and 166.7[Formula: see text]nm, respectively, it was raised in the case of the core–shell. This means decrease in particle size. Magnetic properties from (VSM) test demonstrate that the magnetization of the as-synthesized TEOS-coated magnetite NPs is lower than that of freshly created bare magnetite NPs, demonstrating the formation of Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs. The stability was around [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]mV, and the addition of magnetic and optical features improved their biocompatibility. The antibacterial activity of Fe3O4 NPs and Fe3O4@SiO2 CSNPs was investigated using the agar well diffusion method agains t Staphylococcus aureus Gram-positive and Escherichia coli Gram-negative bacteria, which exhibited a wide spectrum of antibacterial potency inhibiting the growth of both Gram-negative (8[Formula: see text]mm, 10[Formula: see text]mm) and Gram-positive (7[Formula: see text]mm, 12[Formula: see text]mm), respectively.
Multi-criteria Decision-Making Techniques for the Selection of Pareto-optimal Machine Learning Models in a Drinking-Water Quality Monitoring Problem
Authors: Ribeiro V. Henrique Alves , Reynoso-Meza G.
Published: December 2022

Machine learning algorithms are valuable tools for solving a wide variety of complex engineering problems. Usually, those problems have multiple criteria to fulfill, but such machine learning-based solutions are usually optimized using a single criterion. In such instances, a multi-objective optimization-based approach could bring interesting solutions by determining a set of Pareto-optimal solutions with different trade-off. Therefore, a multi-criteria decision-making process must be carried out. To the authors’ present knowledge, multi-criteria decision-making is yet to be fully explored for selecting preferable Pareto-optimal machine learning models after the training step. Therefore, this paper proposes applying and comparing five different multi-criteria decision-making techniques for selecting a preferred machine learning model. Additionally, an ensemble-based framework is proposed to cope with the difficulty of selecting parameters for such techniques. Those tools are tested on a complex real-world drinking-water quality monitoring problem. Results based on the [Formula: see text] score indicate that via a multi-criteria decision-making process ([Formula: see text]), it is possible to select better solutions than single-criterion approaches ([Formula: see text]). Moreover, the proposed ensemble framework is able to mitigate the difficulty in defining preferences and regions of interest, achieving competitive solutions.
Soliton solutions to constrained nonlocal integrable nonlinear Schrödinger hierarchies of type (−λ,λ)
Authors: Ma Wen-Xiu
Published: December 2022

The paper aims to generate nonlocal integrable nonlinear Schrödinger hierarchies of type [Formula: see text] by imposing two nonlocal matrix restrictions of the AKNS matrix characteristic-value problems of arbitrary order. Based on the explored outspreading of characteristic-values and adjoint characteristic-values, exact soliton solutions are formulated by applying the associated reflectionless generalized Riemann–Hilbert problems, in which characteristic-values and adjoint characteristic-values could have a nonempty intersection. Illustrative models of the resultant mixed-type nonlocal integrable nonlinear Schrödinger equations are presented.
Charged anisotropic solutions through decoupling in f(G,T) gravity
Authors: Sharif M. , Hassan K.
Published: December 2022

This paper formulates two charged interior anisotropic spherical solutions through extended gravitational decoupling scheme in the context of [Formula: see text] theory, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] symbolize the Gauss–Bonnet term and trace of the stress–energy tensor, respectively. The inclusion of an extra sector in the isotropic domain results in the production of anisotropy in the inner geometry. This technique splits the field equations into two independent arrays by deforming the temporal and radial metric coefficients, giving rise to the seed and extra fluid distributions, respectively. The Krori–Barua metric potentials are used to calculate solution of the first set, while some constraints are used to solve the unknowns present in the second array. The resulting anisotropic solution is a combination of both the obtained solutions. We inspect the influence of charge as well as decoupling parameter on the physical variables and anisotropic factor. Finally, the viability and stability of the developed solutions are checked by energy conditions and stability criteria, respectively. We conclude that the first solution is viable as well as stable for the particular range of the decoupling parameter, whereas the second solution is viable but not stable.
Solvation-induced switching of the conformational state of alkoxy- and crown-substituted trisphthalocyaninates studied by UV-Vis and 1H-NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Martynov Alexander G. , Yagodin Alexey V. , Birin Kirill P. , Gorbunova Yulia G. , Tsivadze Aslan Yu.
Published: December 2022

Solvation-induced switching between staggered and gauche conformers of europium(III) triple-decker complexes with [Formula: see text]-butoxy- and crown-substituted phthalocyanine ligands [(BuO)8Pc][Formula: see text]and [(15C5)4Pc][Formula: see text]was studied by UV-Vis and 1H-NMR in toluene and chloroform media. The crown-substituted complex Eu2[(15C5)4Pc]3 was conformationally invariant, adopting the staggered arrangement of adjacent ligands in both solvents. In contrast, in the case of butoxy-substituted complex Eu2[(BuO)8Pc]3, the staggered and gauche forms were stabilized in toluene and chloroform, respectively. These conclusions could easily be drawn from the UV-Vis data. In contrast, a comparison of the 1H-NMR spectra of the complexes in both solvents showed that the spectral manifestation of conformational switching was obscured by media effects, although some characteristic spectral patterns of each conformation could still be identified on the example of the complex with hexa-[Formula: see text]-butoxy-15-crown-5-phthalocyanine ligands Eu2[(BuO)6(15C5)Pc]3.
Flow-Field Prediction in Periodic Domains Using a Convolution Neural Network with Hypernetwork Parametrization
Authors: Bublík Ondřej , Heidler Václav , Pecka Aleš , Vimmr Jan
Published: December 2022

This paper deals with flow field prediction in a blade cascade using the convolution neural network. The convolutional neural network (CNN) predicts density, pressure and velocity fields based on the given geometry. The blade cascade is modeled as a single interblade channel with periodic boundary conditions. In this paper, an algorithm that enforces periodic boundary conditions onto the CNN is presented. The main target of this study is to parametrize the CNN model depending on the Reynolds number. A new parametrization approach based on a so-called hypernetwork is employed for this purpose. The idea of this approach is that when the Reynolds number is modified, the hypernetwork modifies the weights of the CNN in such a way that it produces flow fields corresponding to that particular Reynolds number. The concept of the hypernetwork-based parametrization is tested on the problem of a compressible fluid flow through a blade cascade with variable blade profiles and Reynolds numbers.
Computational Analysis of Mixed Convection in a Blood-Based Hybrid Nanoliquid under Boussinesq Approximation in a Transient Regime
Authors: Ige Ebenezer Olubunmi , Falodun Bidemi Olumide , Adebiyi Daniel Oluwamuyiwa , Khan Sami Ullah
Published: December 2022

In recent times, nanoparticle-embedded flows are becoming household fluid in emerging medical interventions associated with thermal therapy. The place of thermal analysis is critical to underscore the potential of bio-nanofluidics and to perform a biothermal mechanical analysis of its performance during remediation strategies. This paper presents a thermal expedition of a hybrid nanofluid embedded in blood flow under a transient regime on the strength of a robust numerical scheme. The effect of heterogeneous–homogeneous chemical reaction on a magnetic field mediated hyperthermia over a porous substrate is mathematically expatiated in this report. Under Boussinesq approximation, the thermal model was formulated for the problem while homotopy analysis was employed to capture chemical dynamics and thermal transport in hybrid blood-based nanoliquid. Elaborate analysis of the prevailing physicochemical attributes of the flow under magnetic field imposition is sufficiently discussed within the framework of biological systems. These observations reported in this study could find application in the field of bio-nanotechnology in thermal-based therapy procedures in a realistic clinical scenario.
Attention Mechanism Architecture for Arabic Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Berrimi Mohamed , Oussalah Mourad , Moussaoui Abdelouahab , Saidi Mohamed
Published: December 2022

This article tackles the problem of sentiment analysis in the Arabic language where a new deep learning model has been put forward. The proposed model uses a hybrid bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) and bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) additive-attention model where the Bidirectional GRU/LSTM reads the individual sentence input from left to right and vice versa, enabling the capture of the contextual information. However, the model is trained on two types of embeddings: FastText and local learnable embeddings. The BiLSTM and BiGRU architectures are put into competition to identify the best hyperparameter set for the model. The developed model has been tested on three large-scale commonly employed Arabic sentiment dataset: large-scale Arabic Book Reviews Dataset (ABRD), Hotel Arabic-Reviews Dataset (HARD), and Books Reviews in the Arabic Dataset (BRAD). The testing results demonstrate that our model outperforms both the baseline models and the state-of-the-art models reported in the original references of these datasets, achieving accuracy scores of 98.6%, 96.19%, 95.65% for LARB, HARD, and BRAD, respectively. Furthermore, to demonstrate the generalization capabilities of our model, the performances of the model have been evaluated on three other natural language processing tasks: news categorization, offensive speech detection, and Russian sentiment analysis. The results demonstrated the developed model is language- and task-independent, which offers new perspectives for the application of the developed models in several other natural language processing challenges.
Air-Gapped Networks: Exfiltration without Privilege Escalation for Military and Police Units
Authors: Mohamed Nachaat , Almazrouei Saif Khameis , Oubelaid Adel , Elsisi Mahmoud , ElHalawany Basem M. , Ghoneim Sherif S. M.
Published: December 2022

Several security tools have been described in recent times to assist security teams; however, the effectiveness and success remain limited to specific devices. Phishing is a type of cyberattack that uses fraudulent emails and websites to obtain personal information from unsuspecting users, such as passwords and credit card numbers. Hackers can gain access to your information through a variety of methods, and the most common of which are king, phishing, spear phishing, social engineering, and dictionary attacks. Each of these techniques is unique, but they all have the same goal: to obtain your personal information. Nevertheless, there is the potential to exploit this problem in terms of security. In this paper, we used the Bash Bunny (BB), a new tool designed to assist military, law enforcement, and penetration tester teams with their work to conduct exfiltration without privilege escalation through T1200, T1052, and T1052.001 techniques in air-gapped networks with effectiveness/success 99.706%.
Identification of Methylation Signatures and Rules for Sarcoma Subtypes by Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Ren Jingxin , Zhou XianChao , Guo Wei , Feng KaiYan , Huang Tao , Cai Yu-Dong
Published: December 2022

Sarcoma, the second common type of solid tumor in children and adolescents, has a wide variety of subtypes that are often not properly diagnosed at an early stage, leading to late metastases and causing serious loss of life and property to patients and families. It exhibits a high degree of heterogeneity at the cellular, molecular, and epigenetic levels, where DNA methylation has been proposed to play a role in the diagnosis of sarcoma subtypes. Thus, this study is aimed at finding potential biomarkers at the DNA methylation level to distinguish different sarcoma subtypes. A machine learning process was designed to analyse sarcoma samples, each of which was represented by lots of methylation sites. Irrelevant sites were removed using the Boruta method, and remaining sites related to the target variables were kept for further analyses. Afterward, three feature ranking methods (LASSO, LightGBM, and MCFS) were adopted to rank these features, and six classification models were constructed by combining incremental feature selection and two classification algorithms (decision tree and random forest). Among these models, the performance of RF model was higher than that of DT model under all three ranking conditions. The specific expression of genes obtained from the annotation of highly correlated methylation site features, such as PRKAR1B, INPP5A, and GLI3, was proven to be associated with sarcoma by publications. Moreover, the quantitative rules obtained by decision tree algorithm helped us to understand the essential differences between various sarcoma types and classify sarcoma subtypes, providing a new means of clinical identification and determining new therapeutic targets.
Misaligned Chromosomes are a Major Source of Chromosomal Instability in Breast Cancer
Authors: Tucker John B. , Bonema Sarah C. , García-Varela Rebeca , Denu Ryan A. , Hu Yang , McGregor Stephanie M. , Burkard Mark E. , Weaver Beth A.
Published: December 2022

Chromosomal instability (CIN), the persistent reshuffling of chromosomes during mitosis, is a hallmark of human cancers that contributes to tumor heterogeneity and has been implicated in driving metastasis and altering responses to therapy. Though multiple mechanisms can produce CIN, lagging chromosomes generated from abnormal merotelic attachments are the major cause of CIN in a variety of cell lines, and are expected to predominate in cancer. Here, we quantify CIN in breast cancer using a tumor microarray, matched primary and metastatic samples, and patient-derived organoids from primary breast cancer. Surprisingly, misaligned chromosomes are more common than lagging chromosomes and represent a major source of CIN in primary and metastatic tumors. This feature of breast cancers is conserved in a majority of breast cancer cell lines. Importantly, though a portion of misaligned chromosomes align before anaphase onset, the fraction that remain represents the largest source of CIN in these cells. Metastatic breast cancers exhibit higher rates of CIN than matched primary cancers, primarily due to increases in misaligned chromosomes. Whether CIN causes immune activation or evasion is controversial. We find that misaligned chromosomes result in immune-activating micronuclei substantially less frequently than lagging and bridge chromosomes and that breast cancers with greater frequencies of lagging chromosomes and chromosome bridges recruit more stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. These data indicate misaligned chromosomes represent a major mechanism of CIN in breast cancer and provide support for differential immunostimulatory effects of specific types of CIN.

Significance:

We surveyed the single-cell landscape of mitotic defects that generate CIN in primary and metastatic breast cancer and relevant models. Misaligned chromosomes predominate, and are less immunostimulatory than other chromosome segregation errors.
New Theory Illustrates the Formation of Enamel CUP-Shaped Lesions on Occlusal Surfaces
Authors: de Sousa Frederico Barbosa , Hara Anderson T.
Published: December 2022

We propose a new theory for enamel cupping lesions formation. At early stages, naturally formed cupping lesions showed increased porosity at two structural prismatic traits: the central cone extending into the enamel-dentine junction and the type-I Hunther-Schreger bands (HSB), suggesting them to be the main drivers for cupping lesion formation and development. In addition, these lesions were circumscribed by type-II HSBs, which present lower surface porosity and higher resistance to wear. This theory was verified in in vitro observations, where both the central cone and the type-I HSB of cuspal enamel showed higher susceptibility to wear, potentially elucidating the mechanisms involved on cupping lesion formation.
O follow no Instagram como recurso de gratificação aos participantes do Big Brother Brasil 21 e sua relação com a cultura do cancelamento
Authors: Lage Adhemar , Pina Sara de , Braga Vitor
Published: December 2022

Este artigo analisa o engajamento nas mídias sociais de quatro participantes da 21a edição do reality-show Big Brother Brasil, problematizando como suas performances repercutiram no número de seguidores no Instagram durante a exibição do programa. A pesquisa foi feita apontando uma correlação entre a quantidade de follows e unfollows registrados nos perfis dos participantes com base em opiniões declaradas e atitudes ocorridas no programa televisivo. Por meio dos estudos dos Usos e Gratificações, foi possível compreender a interveniência da cultura do cancelamento influenciando nas perdas e nos ganhos de seguidores nos canais digitais dos(as) envolvidos(as), e como o comportamento de cada um dentro do programa foi traduzido no engajamento do público consumidor, interagindo com o reality-show no Instagram por meio da identificação pessoal ou motivada pela empatia.
Quando a ordem da interação é interrompida: um olhar comunicacional para a experiência do autismo
Authors: Alves Francisco Gabriel
Published: December 2022

O artigo apresenta uma reflexão teórica sobre a ordem social da interação e sua perspectiva comunicacional, tendo como horizonte de observação a experiência do Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Para tanto, contextualiza-se a dimensão subjetiva e social na formação do self dos indivíduos, a partir das contribuições de George Mead quanto à dialética entre as esferas do “Eu” e do “Me”. Em seguida, volta-se à proposta conceitual de Erving Goffman para esclarecer como a ordem social das interações pode influenciar a atuação dos indivíduos na cena pública. Por fim, relaciona-se a abordagem goffmaniana com a perspectiva de pessoas autistas, sob o argumento de que esses indivíduos costumam ser lidos como transgressores do ordenamento social e, por isso, recebem penalidades que afetam a convivência em comunidade.
Proteção da imagem do (e no) STF : autodefesa, difamação, desinformação e direitos comunicacionais no caso do livro “Operação Banqueiro”
Authors: Paganotti Ivan , Marques Francisca Ester de Sá
Published: December 2022

Este artigo avalia a condenação do jornalista Rubens Valente, autor do livro Operação banqueiro, e sua editora por terem difamado o ministro Gilmar Mendes do Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF). A pesquisa avalia como o processo se encaixa na tradição do STF de tutela da liberdade de expressão em colisão com outros direitos da personalidade, como a honra, em particular nos casos envolvendo seus próprios ministros. Foca-se na decisão do ministro Alexandre de Moraes, confirmada pela primeira turma do STF, que determinou o pagamento de indenização e obrigou a publicação da petição de Mendes e das decisões judiciais condenando o jornalista em futuras edições da obra. O artigo discute, além disso, como a indenização e a publicação de documentos legais extensos podem inviabilizar a obra, caracterizando um cenário análogo ao de censura.
Liberdade de expressão: perspectivas críticas a partir de mediações e processos na cultura midiática
Authors: Scabin Nara Lya Cabral , Leite Andrea Limberto
Published: December 2022

Texto de apresentação do Dossiê Liberdade de expressão: perspectivas críticas a partir de mediações e processos na cultura midiática.
Relação da infecção do papiloma vírus humano (HPV) com a apresentação de carcinomas de células escamosas de regiões da orofaringe: Uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Pereira Rafael Santana , Oliveira Aline Alves de , Oliveria João Victor Nunes de , Carvalho Weuller de Jesus Nogueira de , Souza Areta Agostinho Rodrigues de
Published: December 2022

O papiloma vírus humano (HPV) é classificado como uma doença sexualmente transmissível, sendo esse vírus de DNA de fita dupla associado convencionalmente ao câncer de colo de útero, entretanto em estudos mais recentes esse vírus também foi associado ao carcinoma de células escamosas de orofaringe (CCEO). Nesse sentido, essa revisão sistemática tem como objetivo mostrar a relação entre o HPV e o CCEO. Dessa forma, foram utilizadas as bases de dados Pubmed, The Cochrane Library, Bioone, Lilacs e Scielo com artigos publicados no período entre janeiro de 2010 e junho de 2020 com publicações nos idiomas: português, espanhol e inglês respeitando os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Foram considerados elegíveis 11 artigos que apresentaram a relação com a infecção de orofaringe e com o HPV. Apesar do alto número de artigos encontrados pela busca da relação com o HPV com neoplasias em diferentes regiões do corpo, foi possível compreender a relação presente entre o CCEO e a infecção causada pelo HPV, através de um modelo de estratificação PRISMA. Assim, foi demonstrado, além da presença dessa relação, a necessidade de métodos diagnósticos mais rápidos, acessíveis e eficazes para apresentação correta entre patologia e fator etiológico.
Prevenção quaternária e suas implicações para a prática clínica: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Muniz Milena Seoane Colmenero , Ferrari Sylmara Esther Negrini , Duarte Iury Nascimento , Santos Luciane Loures dos , Ferreira Janise Braga Barros
Published: December 2022

A crescente produção de iatrogenias justifica a discussão acerca da incorporação da prevenção quaternária na prática médica cotidiana. Este estudo identificou e sistematizou a produção de conhecimento sobre prevenção quaternária e sua implicação para a prática clínica. Trata-se de revisão sistemática descritiva apoiada na pergunta norteadora: Quais são as evidências produzidas sobre prevenção quaternária e sua implicação para a prática clínica? Realizou-se o levantamento bibliográfico entre agosto e setembro de 2020 utilizando-se o descritor “prevenção quaternária”, nos idiomas inglês, português e espanhol. A análise dos 30 artigos produziu evidências sobre intervenções médicas potencialmente danosas que justificariam a adoção da prevenção quaternária. O estudo provoca a comunidade médica a refletir sobre a incorporação da prevenção quaternária, visando a uma prática assistencial menos iatrogênica, valorizando a medicina centrada na pessoa e os atributos da atenção primária à saúde.
Práticas profissionais em instituições psiquiátricas: desafios para o atendimento humanizado e integra
Authors: Pessoa Júnior João Mário , Clementino Francisco de Sales , Cavalcante Eliane Santos , Azevedo Albert Lengruber de , Nascimento Ellany Gurgel Cosme do , Miranda Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de
Published: December 2022

Modelo de estudo: Estudo transversal de abordagem misto (quantitativa e qualitativa). Objetivo: Analisar as práticas de profissionais em hospitais psiquiátricos no atendimento a pessoas com transtornos mentais, com vistas a contribuir para a abordagem humanizada e itegral. Metodologia: Estudo realizado em dois hospitais psiquiátricos do Rio Grande do Norte, tendo como participantes 60 profissionais de saúde. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos ao software estatístico e analisados através de estatística bivariada; e nos dado qualitativos, recorreu-se ao tratamento do software Alceste e a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Observou-se o predomínio de práticas profissionais associadas a intervenções tradicionais no contexto da abordagem realizada, reforçados nos dois temas centrais, oriundos dos achados qualitativos, a saber: Práticas profissionais no hospital psiquiátricos: cotidianos e políticas, e, Entraves e caminhos para o atendimento integral e humanizado em instituições psiquiátricas. Conclusão: As práticas profissionais desenvolvidas no âmbito das instituições psiquiátricas apontam para o enfoque terapêutico biológico e individual, tendo em vista os desafios de articular um atendimento integral e humanizado condizente com as diretrizes propostas pelo movimento de reforma psiquiátrica brasileiro.
Experiências de partos não planejados fora do ambiente hospitalar
Authors: Damaceno Adalvane Nobres , Tovo Monique , Araújo Gabrielly , Goldman Andressa , Severo Henrique , Zanata João
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: identificar as experiências das mães em partos não planejados fora do ambiente hospitalar.Metodologia: Foi realizada revisão integrativa nas bases de dados Medline e SciVerse Scopus. Foram incluídas publicações em inglês e em português, no período entre 2000 e 2021. A amostra final foi composta de quatro artigos. Resultados: As experiências vividas se mostram ambíguas, com relatos de vulnerabilidade, estresse e culpa, mas, também, sensações de sorte, alívio e orgulho após o nascimento. Ainda, o tempo de deslocamentoaté uma instituição de saúde é determinante na realização de partos fora do ambiente hospitalar. Outros fatores que influenciam na ocorrência dizem respeito às mães solo, baixa escolaridade e falta de assistência pré-natal. Conclusões: O nível de desenvolvimento socioeconômico do país é um fator decisivo, no qual mães procedentes de países desenvolvidos sentiam-se mais seguras com a experiência do que as mães de países em desenvolvimento. Além disso, a educação médica baseada em um atendimento humanizado potencializou a promoção de uma vivência positiva em relação ao parto não planejado fora do ambiente hospitalar para as mulheres.
Annular pancreas in neonate patients
Authors: Carvalho Sarah , Barreiros Lucas , Binatti Carlos Eduardo , Paganoti Guilherme de Freitas , Costa Graziela de Araújo , Meyer Viviane Mauro Corrêa
Published: December 2022

Objective: Reinforce that, despite being a rare condition, annular pancreas must be considered as a differential diagnosis for intestinal obstructions in the newborn period. Case description: This case report refers to a 13-days newborn admitted to the emergency room presenting with postprandial vomiting and progressive weight loss since maternity discharge. The patient did not respond to initial interventions that included IV antibiotics and insertion of a nasogastric tube. A contrasted study of the upper digestive tract (esophagus, stomach and duodenum) found a luminal narrowing on the second duodenal portion. The patient was submitted to an exploratory laparotomy which found a pancreatic-tissue ring involving the second part of the duodenum. Despite rare, we reinforce that annular pancreas must be considered as a differential diagnosis for intestinal obstructions in the newborn period. Comments: Annular pancreas is a rare congenital defect in which a ring of pancreatic tissue encircles the duodenum, causing different degrees of intestinal obstruction.
Perfil dos pacientes em uso de anticoagulantes orais diretos atendidos via judicial em um município de médio porte do estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Almeida Nívea Aparecida de , Baldoni André de Oliveira , Rios Danyelle Romana
Published: December 2022

Fundamentos: O sistema de saúde brasileiro é embasado nos princípios estabelecidos na Constituição Federal, que incluem igualdade, universalidade, equidade e participação popular, em um modelo de saúde totalmente gratuito. O Brasil vive um grande desafio para ofertar assistência de qualidade para toda população. Muitas vezes é necessário solicitar à justiça um suporte para conseguir acesso a saúde pública. Entre os processos judiciais envolvendo questões de saúde, a maioria são referentes ao fornecimento de medicamentos. Dentre os medicamentos solicitados, destaca-se os anticoagulantes orais diretos (DOACs), os quais estudos apontam que apresentam melhor segurança e eficácia similar em relação à varfarina, medicamento padronizado no SUS para o tratamento do tromboembolismo venoso e fibrilação atrial. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil dos pacientes e das solicitações dos DOACs atendidos por via judicial. Métodos: Estudo documental descritivo realizado em Divinópolis/MG a partir de todos os processos julgados com parecer favorável pela justiça referentes à solicitação dos DOACs. A coleta de dados foi realizada em três fontes secundárias: os processos judiciários, prontuários dos pacientes nas unidades básicas de saúde e no Sistema de Informações em Saúde. Resultados: Foram incluídos no estudo um total de 74 processos referentes a solicitação dos DOACs no município de Divinópolis-MG. Observou-se que 74,3% dos indivíduos eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 70 anos. O diagnóstico mais observado foi a fibrilação atrial (36,5%). Cerca de 52,7% dos médicos registraram que houve tentativa terapêutica com varfarina antes da introdução dos DOACs e a comodidade (24,3%) foi a justificativa mais utilizada por optar pelos DOACs seguida por dificuldade em controlar a RNI (20,3%). Outro dado encontrado foi que 25,7% dos pacientes nunca obtiveram na farmácia do SUS o medicamento solicitado por via judicial. Conclusão: Concluímos que a demanda judicial que afoga tanto o sistema judiciário como o sistema de saúde, poderia ser evitada se fossem seguidas as recomendações da Comissão Nacional de Incorporação de Tecnologias no Sistema Único de Saúde para estabelecer a distribuição dos insumos de saúde. Além disso, nos processos judiciais faltam informações importantes para auxiliar o juiz a emitir um parecer e são baseadas, na maioria das vezes, em apenas uma opinião médica.
Dermatologia e pesquisa científica: análise das publicações em hospital de ensino no sul do Brasil
Authors: Ferreira Iago Gonçalves , Bevilaqua Mariele , Bonamigo Renan Rangel
Published: December 2022

Introdução: a Dermatologia destaca-se entre as especialidades médicas por seu pioneirismo na descoberta e caracterização de afecções da pele, tornando-se proeminente a compreensão da conjuntura da produção científica na especialidade. Objetivo: analisar o perfil das publicações científicas do Serviço de Dermatologia da Santa Casa de Porto Alegre / Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre. Método: estudo transversal e descritivo realizado a partir da análise das publicações do Serviço de Dermatologia, no período de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020. Resultados: a partir do levantamento de dados, foram identificadas 54 publicações no período, constituídas 81,5% (n = 44) por artigos e 18,5% (n = 10) por capítulos de livro. A maioria dos artigos foram ‘relatos de casos’ (56,8%; n = 25). Cerca de 46,3% das publicações contaram com a participação de residentes e/ou especializandos, principalmente no 3º ano dos programas. Conclusão: a análise das publicações científicas revelou predomínio de artigos em periódicos, principalmente em veículos nacionais, com expressiva participação de especializandos. O desenvolvimento científico da Dermatologia pressupõe a valorização das atividades de pesquisa no âmbito dos programas de especialização e residência, com potencial de contribuição para a melhoria dos serviços de saúde e produtividade acadêmica.
Assessing the burden of family caregivers of cancer patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lins Ana Luiza Rodrigues , Mendonça Érica Toledo de , Moreira Tiago Ricardo , Andrade João Vitor , Ramos Diego Henrique Silveira , Pedretti Pedro Alexandre Henriques
Published: December 2022

Objective: To evaluate the burden of family caregivers of cancer patients in a Brazilian oncology hospital. Method: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional research conducted in a Brazilian oncology hospital, located in Minas Gerais. Data collection occurred through the application of a questionnaire containing sociodemographic questions and the Zarit scale, which assesses the degree of burden of caregivers, was used. Inclusion criteria were family caregivers over the age of 18, whose family member had a diagnosis of cancer and who was involved in caregiving. The association between burden and the explanatory variables was performed from the multiple linear regression model. The program SPSS version 20 was used to perform the analyses. Results: Among the 125 individuals interviewed, the majority were under 38 years old, 66.4% were female, 45.6% were children and 22.4% were spouses. The time of care varied from six months (39.2%) to two years (21.6%) and 80% of the interviewed individuals acted directly in the care of the ill person, 97.6% did not present overload. Conclusions: The caregivers in general did not present overload; however, it was verified a reduction in the quality of life of these caregivers when the questions of the Zarit scale referring to the psychological and social relations domains, separately, were analyzed.
Perfil das condições de saúde das idosas quilombolas no município de Bequimão, Maranhão: dados do IQUIBEQ
Authors: Pinto Claudia Silva , Santos Junior Getúlio Rosa dos , Silva Rosiany Pereira da , Oliveira Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de , Aragão Francisca Bruna Arruda , Barros Andressa Rayane Viana , Costa Andréa Suzana Vieira
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: analisar as condições de saúde de mulheres idosas quilombolas residentes em uma cidade do interior do estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de base domiciliar realizado em 11 comunidades remanescentes de quilombolas no Município de Bequimão, Maranhão. Realizou-se o censo da população de idosos quilombolas, que foi representada por 132 mulheres idosas ≥60 anos de idade. Os dados foram analisados no programa Stata® versão 14, com técnicas de estatística descritiva. Resultados: a mediana das idosa foi de 70 a 79 anos, (61,4%) se declarava na cor/raça preta; (32,6%) eram viúvas, 53,8% das mulheres não sabem ler e escrever. Quanto à situação de saúde, em relação às condições crônicas, 60,6% referiam acometimento por duas ou mais, 38,8% realizaram exame preventivo para câncer de colo do útero há, pelo menos, 3 anos. A maioria das idosas nunca realizou uma mamografia (67,2%) e nunca tinham sido submetidas a um exame clínico das mamas (56,9%). Conclusão: A maioria das idosas quilombolas vivem em precária situação socioeconômica, sanitária e de saúde, entre eles, a prevalência de multimorbidade foi elevada.