bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Research on Spatial Management of Water Environment in Chaoyang City
Authors: Gao Jun , Song Lingling
Published: January 2021

The research put forward the technical methods for dividing the water environment management units in Chaoyang City. Based on the river basin and the characteristics of urban drainage, the catchment units with "monitoring section-control and section-corresponding and land area" were constructed for the main rivers in Chaoyang City. The sensitive areas and fragile areas were identified based on the water environment control units. Pollutant discharge surveys on key water environment control units were conducted. And this paper calculated the water environment capacity, analysed the potential improvement of the water environment quality. Water environment management and control requirements were also proposed in this paper.
Research on Application of Ceramic Materials in Public Art Environment
Authors: Fang Mengqi , Chen Haowu
Published: January 2021

The goal of this paper includes three aspects. First, we want to study the current situation of the use of materials in public art. Second, we want to explore the advantages and disadvantages of ceramic materials. Third, we want to study the utilization of ceramic materials. For this propose, we discuss the application scheme of ceramic materials in public art, and try to understand the influence of ceramics on public art. Then, we consider the relationship of ceramic materials in public art with modern science and technology. According to the application principles and forms of ceramics, the application of ceramic materials in public art is analyzed to confirm the contribution and availability of ceramic materials to public art.
Research on the changes and influencing factors of Air pollution Policy in China
Authors: Liu Chunfang
Published: January 2021

Since 1979, Chinese mainland has made great progress in air pollution control, and its policy control and effectiveness problems are gradually emerging. Through literature review, investigation and research, this paper introduces the air pollution policies of Chinese mainland in the past 40 years, analyzes three factors that affect the effect of the policies: "power structure", "strategic behavior" and "social capital", so as to provide a reference path and direction for deepening the research of air pollution policies.
Research on the coordination between tourism economic development and environmental protection in "Internet celebrity city "-- Based on short video platform
Authors: Pan Weian
Published: January 2021

As the network environment is increasingly optimized and mobile intelligent devices are widely promoted, short video, as a new way of social contact, has shown "blowout" development. A number of cities and scenic spots have also become popular on the Internet, attracting a large numbers of tourists. Taking Internet celebrity short video as the research object, this paper discusses the role of Internet celebrity short video on the tourism economic development of " Internet celebrity city", and analyzes the environmental problems existing in " Internet celebrity city". On this basis, the corresponding environmental protection strategies are put forward to provide reference for the " Internet celebrity" city how to maintain the coordinated development of tourism economy and environmental protection.
Study on a new treatment method for classic pollutant diclofenac from the pharmaceutical factory
Authors: Li Yinghan , Luo Zheng , Zheng Kaiyun , Guo Fengbo , Zhao Rong
Published: January 2021

As a classic component of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), diclofenac has the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. As a result, the medical wastewater discharged from some diclofenac pharmaceutical factories may contain a certain amount of diclofenac. This pollutant is toxic and harmful to livestock, and if the livestock have digested diclofenac, it will affect their cellular metabolism process, cellular components and protein catalysis, which may even cause mass deaths under severe situation. An effective treatment method for this pollutant is to adopt composite aerogel adsorption. This paper briefly introduces the modification plan of cellulose and the process of using cellulose to adsorb diclofenac sodium (DCF), compares the adsorption effects before and after modification, and proposes a new direction to treat this kind of pollutant based on the comparison results. In this paper, by using cotton fiber as the material and polyvinylamine as the modifier, the hydrothermal synthesis method is employed to prepare the rGO/cellulose composite aerogel material, and the characterization analysis of its structure and performance is also conducted. The characterization results of SEM, EDS, XRD. FTIR etc. show that the composite aerogel material prepared in our experiment has maintained the crystal structure of cellulose, which has obvious 3D porous structure, and its specific surface area reaches 354.7m2/g. In addition, the material surface contains abundant amino, hydroxyl, C=N and other functional groups. Secondly, with diclofenac sodium as the targeted pollutant, this paper investigates the performance and mechanism of using rGO/cellulose composite aerogel to adsorb diclofenac sodium. The experimental results show that the rGO/cellulose composite aerogel presents outstanding performance in adsorption of DCF, which is significantly superior to the performance of cellulose aerogel material. When the rGO/cellulose composite aerogel and the cellulose aerogel are used to adsorb DCF, their maximum adsorption capacities are 242.94mgg-1 and 47.82mgg-1, respectively. In addition, the process of using composite aerogel to adsorb DCF satisfies the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which indicates that this adsorption is chemical adsorption mainly consisting of monolayer adsorption. The thermomechanical analysis shows that the adsorption of DCF using composite aerogel is spontaneous exothermic reaction. In the meantime, the composite aerogel has wider pH adaptability, and it presents great adsorption efficiency of DCF within the pH range of 4-10.
Research on fire inspection robot based on computer vision
Authors: Liao Yifan , Xiong Shipeng , Huang Yangyang
Published: January 2021

With the rapid development of robots in the world, robots in various application scenarios have come into people's sight, especially various inspection robots appear in people's lives. At present, the application of fire patrol robots is more and more. Now, the fire patrol robots used in the warehouse are all land patrol robots. When they work on the designated route, they have high requirements for the environment. When there is a complex environment with uneven ground, it will have a great impact on the robot. This rail mounted fire inspection robot is running on the track, and the platform can be inspected without dead angle. It has low environmental requirements, high inspection efficiency, real-time alarm, and uses computer vision platform to track, which improves the accuracy of fire source identification. In this design, STM32F4 single chip microcomputer is used as the main control of the whole system, which is completed with a number of servo motors, alarms and other hardware, and computer vision and robot main control data interaction.
The Influence of the Angle of the Reverse Shoulder on the Performance of Premium Casing Connection
Authors: Hao Long , Mu Meng
Published: January 2021

The premium casing connection is composed of three parts: the main sealing structure, the reverse shoulder structure and the thread. The angle θ of the reverse shoulder has an important influence on the strength and sealing performance of the premium casing connection. Based on the idea of factor rotation method, the influence of parameter θ on the maximum contact pressure of the main sealing surface of the premium casing connection, the contact pressure of the shoulder surface and the internal stress of the connection is studied through finite element simulation experiments. The results show that the greater the angle of the reverse shoulder, the better the sealing performance of the connection, but the worse the anti-torsion ability of the connection.
Kinematics Analysis and Trajectory Planning of Polishing Six-axis Robot
Authors: Lu Ye , Wang Kai
Published: January 2021

With the development of intelligent manufacturing, due to the low production efficiency and poor production environment of manual polishing, which is gradually replaced by the polishing robot. Take the polishing robot as the research object in this paper, a three-dimensional model of the robot with the end effector is established. The kinematics is modeled, solved and simulated with the D-H method and MATLAB Robotics Toolbox. The trajectory planning of the robot in joint space and cartesian space is analyzed and simulated.
Materials for Hydrogen Mobile Storage Applications
Authors: Zhang Steven , Lee Lok Him , Sun Yufan , Liu Yifei
Published: January 2021

There are several attempts to achieve efficient hydrogen storage. In this article, we introduce four main methods: conventional tank storage, metal and alloys hydrides storage, polymeric materials storage and carbon nanomaterials storage. We illustrate the advantages, disadvantages and current research process of each methods.
Concentrating solar power multi-effect desalination in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Boretti A , Castelletto S , Al-Kouz W , Nayfeh J
Published: January 2021

As about two-thirds of the thermal energy to the power cycle of a concentrated solar power plant is dumped to the condenser, typically air or evaporative cooling, there is the opportunity to achieve energy savings by using a multi-effect distillation system to condensate the steam and at the same time produce desalinized water. Preliminary design considerations and computations for a concentrated solar power plant located in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia, are here proposed. The solar field has an aperture of 1,230,000 m2, it uses oil as the receiver fluid, it uses a six hours’ thermal energy storage by molten salt, and it features a 140 MW turbine. It is expected production of up to 413 GWh of electricity annually, for a capacity factor of 0.36, by using an air-cooled condenser. Adoption of a glass enclosure and a multi-effect distillation plant replacing the air-cooled condenser may permit the same electricity production plus the production of desalinized water in an environment protected by sand and dust.
Methods for verification of groundwater flow simulators (case study: Jakarta groundwater basin in the urban villages of Jatiluhur and Jatirangga, Bekasi City)
Authors: Rahmawati T , Putri G L , Marthanty D R , Zulkarnain F , Priadi C R
Published: January 2021

Limited access to clean water leads to residents extracting groundwater through dug wells or boreholes, which in turn results in groundwater becoming contaminated. Groundwater flow simulation of the Jakarta basin, which has been previously modeled with the Groundwater Modeling System 10.3, can be used as a basis for simulating groundwater flow pollution. Before simulating the groundwater flow pollution, the groundwater flow simulator needs to be verified to examine whether simulators and conditions in the field correspond to the water table level. This study demonstrated the methodology used for verification of the simulator in research. Verification was done using the Chi-square method. The results revealed that calculated Chi-square values were larger than Chi-square table values for the two urban villages of Jatiluhur and Jatirangga. The value of calculated Chi-square value for Jatiluhur was 17.3, whereas it was 7.81 in the Chi-square table. In Jatirangga, the calculated Chi-square value was 37.23, whereas it was 14.1 in the Chi-square. Results indicated that the simulation was not in accordance with the actual water table level. This discordance can occur since it necessary to update the data on groundwater flow simulation results with bore log data or to verify the hydrodynamic conditions of the study area.
Health risk analysis of nitrite, nitrate, and heavy metal pollution in groundwater near landfill area: A case study of the Sumur Batu village in Bekasi, Indonesia
Authors: Pratiwi WH , Putri GL , Pratama MA , Zulkarnain F , Priadi CR
Published: January 2021

Previous studies state that improper landfill or waste management is one of the main causes of nitrite, nitrate, and heavy metal contamination in groundwater. In Bekasi, Indonesia, 70% of the population depends on groundwater for daily use, including the residents of Sumur Batu. The village of Sumur Batu is located adjacent to two landfills, namely, the Bantar Gebang landfill, which is the largest landfill in Indonesia, and the Sumur Batu landfill. This research analyzed the health risk of drinking groundwater that may have been contaminated by nitrite, nitrate, and heavy metals. Data processing was performed separately for different age groups: infants, children, and adults. The results showed that there is a risk of NO2 exposure in all age groups when groundwater is used as a source of drinking water in Sumur Batu. Because the region is directly bordered by a landfill area and the community is highly dependent on groundwater, as long as access to water services is not guaranteed, the quality of groundwater in this area needs to be monitored.
Parameter identification of capacitive transfer system based on Fitting Algorithm
Authors: Chen Chen , Li Chenhui , Liao Chenglin
Published: January 2021

At present, in the wireless power transfer (WPT) of electric vehicle (EV), inductive power transfer (IPT) is still the main method. However, capacitive power transfer (CPT) has the advantages of no eddy current loss of coupling mechanism and light weight, which make it become a new research hotspot in the charging application of EV. But CPT system has high working frequency and sensitive parameters, therefore, in practical application, it is necessary to identify important parameters such as coupling capacitance and load. But at present, there are few identification methods for parameters of CPT. In this paper, a multi-parameter identification algorithm is proposed for capacitive wireless charging technology. Based on Vector Fitting algorithm and network synthesis principle, multi-parameter identification is realized. But in order to be widely used in practice, some parameters in circuit model are considered as known constraint. This can ensure that the proposed algorithm can not only realize multi-parameter identification, but also ensure the identification accuracy of system parameters in practical application.
Discussion on Some Problems of Bridge Scour in Both Experiment and Simulation
Authors: Wang Wei-zheng , Wei Song , Duan Haipeng , Cao Jing , Jiang Yuxi
Published: January 2021

The scour of bridge piers is one of the important factors causing bridge damage. The research on the scour mechanism of bridge pier includes two main ways: physical experiment and numerical simulation. In this paper, the research progress in recent decades is summarized, and the influencing factors that include the Reynolds number, pier shape in physical experiments and the selection of models such as RANS, LES, DES in numerical simulation are sorted out. Both physical experiment and numerical simulation are used to investigate the depth of scour hole and flow structures. Finally, it is pointed out that the stress characteristics generated by scouring flow are one of the directions for further research.
The water footprint of permeable sidewalk pavement in China
Authors: Wang Weixia , Chang Yuan
Published: January 2021

As China continues to urbanize, the area of impervious surface in city is increasing, leading to serious problems of water logging, water resources shortage, and water quality deterioration. Thus, the comprehensive management of urban water resource is facing severe challenges. Based on the concept of “sponge city”, this study employed the life cycle assessment (LCA) modeling approach to calculate the water resource footprint of permeable sidewalk pavement in Beijing, China, and compared the result with conventional concrete brick pavement. The results show that the water consumption of 1-m2 permeable pavement is 253kg, 19% higher than that of concrete brick pavement (212kg). Given that the average annual precipitation of Beijing is 597mm, 1-m2 permeable pavement can collect 5972kg of water resources throughout its 10-year life cycle, enabling a net water-saving benefit of 5.7 tons.
Study on the Weakening Performance of Fiber Concrete under the Action of Acid Rain-sewage Coupling Erosion
Authors: Wu Duo
Published: January 2021

Unfavorable environments such as acid rain corrosion and sewage erosion will have a great impact on the mechanical properties and durability of concrete structures. In order to further explore the weakening performance of concrete structures in harsh environments such as acid rain and sewage, plain concrete, basalt concrete with 0.08%, 0.1%, and 0.12% fiber content were adopted for comparative analysis. The weakening of compressive and flexural strength of concrete with different fiber content under sewage erosion and acid rain corrosion were investigated. The results of this paper can provide reference value for further research on the deterioration performance and life prediction of structures under long service life.
Unified solutions on axial bearing capacity of T-shaped concrete-filled steel tube short columns with binding bars
Authors: Ge Qingyun , Yang Fulian , Dong Wenxiu , Bian Zhu
Published: January 2021

Based on the unified strength theory, according to the characteristics of axial bearing capacity of T-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular stub short columns with binding bars, the cross shaped section was divided into 3 rectangular sections which have binding bars and one rectangular section which has no bars. Considering intermediate principal stress, the ration of width to thickness of pipe to the bearing capacity of steel tube was in consideration too, the paper analyzed force mechanism. In the end, the mathematical formulation of bearing capacity for the T-shaped concrete-filled steel tube stub column with binding bars was obtained. The formula calculation values are in good agreement with the test value of the relevant literature.
Temperature and Stress Fields of Anchorage Mass Concrete of a Suspension Bridge
Authors: Chen Xianyu
Published: January 2021

Because of its huge volume, the method of block and layer pouring is usually used in the construction process of suspension bridge anchorage. In order to avoid the temperature cracks of mass concrete caused by hydration heat in the construction process, a three-dimensional finite element model is established based on the anchorage of a suspension bridge. The influences of the temperature of mixture placing to mold, the thickness of layers, the ambient temperature and the maintenance measures on the temperature at the centre, the temperature difference between the top surface and middle point and the tensile stresses at the surface are analyzed. The results show that the temperature at the centre, the temperature difference between the top surface and middle point increase with the increase of the temperature of mixture placing to mold and the thickness of layers are positively correlated. When the temperature of mixture placing to mold changes from 15°C to 35°C, the temperature at the centre increases by 19.06°C, the temperature difference between the top surface and middle point increases by 10.85°C, and the tensile stresses at the surface increases by 0.72 MPa; when the thickness of layers increases from 1 m to 3 m, the temperature at the centre increases by 15.46°C, the temperature difference between the top surface and middle point increases by 16.87°C, and the tensile stresses at the surface increases by 1.51 MPa. The temperature difference between the top surface and middle point decrease with the increase of the ambient temperature, while the temperature at the centre increases with the increase of the ambient temperature. Moreover, the temperature difference between the top surface and middle point decrease with the improvement of curing conditions. Therefore, in the actual project, reducing the temperature of mixture placing to mold, the reasonable layer thickness, the suitable ambient temperature and good maintenance measures, which can effectively reduce the cracking risk of mass concrete.
Influence of laser steel quenching on the service life of friction units
Authors: Biryukov V P , Savin A P , Prince A N
Published: January 2021

This paper presents the results of metallographic and tribological studies of 65Mn steel samples with laser and bulk quenching. A full factorial experiment was performed that allowed calculating the depth and width of the quenching zones with an error of no more than 3.28%. It is shown that laser hardening reduces the friction coefficients by 2-3 times and increases the jamming load compared to bulk steel quenching.
Impact of cracks on vibration parameters and lifetime of hydraulic units
Authors: Georgievskaia Evgeniia
Published: January 2021

One of the key factors determining the hydraulic unit reliability and lifetime is the current technical state of the runner and, first and foremost, its lack of dangerous cracks. Dynamic load throughout the mode range affects the crack occurrence and development. Blade system crack formation process depends heavily on actual equipment operating modes. Yet, modern hydraulic unit diagnostics systems tend not to record crack formation on its early stages. As a result, routine maintenance often reveals long cracks which require significant financial and time resources to repair. Vibration-based diagnostics systems reveal cracks during operation ineffectively: calculations of the Francis (hydraulic) turbine’s runner prove that. High structural rigidity and specific eigenforms don’t permit correlating the blade dynamics to measured vibration parameters. Analytic approach based on calculating fatigue strength and fracture mechanics methods could solve the problem mentioned above.
Ultrasonic detection of manufacturing defects in multilayer composite structures
Authors: Kokurov A M , Subbotin D E
Published: January 2021

The authors have considered practical aspects of the use of ultrasonic method for identification of foreign objects in the structure of laminated composite. The paper presents the results of laboratory investigations aimed at determination of shape and dimensions of artificially created defects and the analysis of specific aspects of ultrasonic detection of fragments of prepreg protective coating.
Monitoring of the NPP equipment stressed state according to indirect measurements data
Authors: Maslov S V , Kukshinov A I
Published: January 2021

The method for monitoring the stress state of the NPP equipment internal surfaces is considered, based on the results of strain gauge measurements obtained for the outer surface of the structure. The temperatures of the internal surfaces are found from thermoelasticity inverse problem solutions, the stress state is determined by the solution of direct problems.
On the issue of improving the reliability of machines for open-pit mining operations with expiring or expired standard exploitation period
Authors: Pobegailo P A , Ilyina A N , Kritckij D Y
Published: January 2021

The present paper presents our new results related to the research aimed at improving reliability and safety, and reducing operating costs of open-pit mining machines. The main attention was paid by us to the failures of mining equipment. Our main focus has been on machines with the expiring or already expired standard exploitation period, which, however, are not utilized, but continue their work. The failures of mining machines have been collected by us at a number of enterprises in Russia over the past few years. After that, we analyzed and processed them. During the analysis, these initial data were presented by us in the form of frequency graphs. Further, these discrete graphs were “transferred” by us into continuous by means of harmonic analysis methods -using the Fourier series and mathematical package MATLAB. According to the results of the work, it was found out that the number of failures is growing. This can be explained by the rhythm of the nature of the occurrence of failures and connection between the failures and the physiological state of the people working and operating these machines, which was previously not given due attention.
Obtaining gypsum products from gypsum dihydrate in a microwave field
Authors: Sokov Victor , Dmitriev Nikita
Published: January 2021

The increasing requirements for environmental protection make the development of energy-efficient technologies for building materials urgent, combining a number of stages in the production of materials into one technological redistribution using more efficient methods of their heat treatment. The article discusses the possibility of obtaining gypsum products from two-water gypsum stone, bypassing the production of gypsum binder, using microwave heating as the most effective and convenient of the existing heating methods, which does not require direct connection of external electrodes to the internal electrodes of the mold, to which the material can burn. rendering the electrodes unusable. Due to the combination of the processes of binder production (dehydration of ground gypsum dihydrate with the elimination of 1.5 water molecules) and the finished product (the reaction of semi-aqueous gypsum with water to form a monolith of gypsum dihydrate) in one apparatus, the total production time of the product is greatly reduced, starting from the extraction of quarries.
Technical and economic analysis of the proposed method of utilization of asphalt resin paraffin deposits (ARPD) in the composition of organomineral waterproofing material
Authors: Abilbek Zhanyl , Zhabagiev Aslan , Koptileuov Bolat , Kelmagambetov Nurlybek , Erzhanova Aigul
Published: January 2021

Currently, for many construction industries promising becomes the creation of waterproofing materials on the basis of integrated management natural oily raw material, as well as improvement of traditional materials. Choice of material depends on the working conditions of a hydraulic installation, categories of reliability construction, its structures, the availability of local building materials, method of work and of technical and economic indices of construction. In this paper described economic and technical efficiency of using asphalt resinous paraffin deposits as a main composition of organomineral material for antifiltration screen. In this paper described technology of preparing oil waste sludge pit, where asantifiltration screen is used polymerorganic screen based on asphalt resin paraffin deposits (ARPD) and polymer material. Processing of oil waste and reducing their formation is a significant problem from the ecological point of view and requires new ecological and technological solutions. In this research paper analyzes the results of world practical experiments on the application of waste and presents technical solutions for the use of waste that are suitable for future application. The feature of this work is obtaining waterproofing materials based on asphalt – resin -paraffin deposits and polymer, moreover the improvement of its physicochemical properties. The results of experimental laboratory testing of the effects of aggressive components of waste on the physical and mechanical properties of the material made from polymerorganic and cement mixture are presented.
Analysis of the mode of squeezing out excess water for mixing concrete mixture in the process of peristaltic compaction
Authors: Khasanov Bakhridin , Vatin Nikolai , Mirzaev Temur , Suyunov Abdugani , Radjabov Mirzokhid
Published: January 2021

For the formation of a mixture of a given workability of the optimal conditions for the hydration of the binder, it is necessary to use concrete mixtures with a high moisture content. However, in order to optimize the properties of concrete, to obtain ultimate strength, it is necessary to remove excess mixing water. The physical and mechanical properties of concrete will be in direct proportion to the amount of residual mixing water [1, 2]. If the concrete mixture is compacted by squeezing out a certain amount of free water, then the strength of concrete will be in inverse functional dependence on the residual W/C, since it is this that determines the porosity of cement stone and concrete. Therefore, in order to obtain concrete of extremely high strength and density, the pre-laid mixture must be additionally compacted under conditions of maximum concrete dehydration. With complete mold tightness, the mixture is compacted only due to a slight decrease in the volume of entrained air, i.e. the effect of vibro-shock-peristaltic compaction will be insignificant. This effect will increase with an increase in the water permeability of the mold walls, since in the presence of filtration holes, free water under the action of the difference in pressure inside the mold and outside it will begin to move towards the filtration holes [3].
Effective thermal insulation based on recycled polyethylene
Authors: Semenov Vyacheslav , Zhukov Alexey , Pilipenko Anton , Mednikova Elizaveta
Published: January 2021

Foam polyethylene is an effective insulating material in systems of frame and frameless buildings, floating floors, and technical thermal insulation. The products based on this material enable to obtain seamless insulating shells, which significantly reduce heat loss through joints. The use of recycled polyethylene for the production of foamed polyethylene is advisable both from the point of reducing the cost of the material itself, and from the point of preserving the environment. The aim of the work was to assess the possibility of using recycled polyethylene for the manufacture of foamed polyethylene, taking into account the possible application of modifiers and varying the foaming modes. The results of the experiment made it possible to evaluate the influence of prescription and technological factors on the properties of products. The implementation of optimization solutions made it possible to construct a nomogram that allows predicting the properties of products and establishing the optimal costs of the main components. The optimal interval of consumption of recycled polyethylene has been established, which is 20 … 25%. The properties of such a material practically do not differ from the properties of products made from foamed polyethylene that enables its application in all insulation systems where pure foamed polyethylene is used.
Comparison of Approaches to Ensuring the Radon Safety of Designed Buildings in Russia and USA
Authors: Shubin I L , Bakaeva N V , Kalaydo A V
Published: January 2021

Indoor radon and its progeny exposure poses a significant threat to the population collective health of most countries in the world. Modern construction technologies make it possible to regulate the radon entry from the soil within a wide range, but at present there is no universal approach to ensuring the radon safety of buildings. This situation is partly explained by the multifactorial nature of the process of the radon situation formation in the lower floor premises, which does not allow to unambiguously establishing the dominant mechanism of radon entry. The article discusses technologies for ensuring the radon safety of buildings in Russia and the United States, shows their fundamental differences, advantages and disadvantages.
Assessment of mechanical safety of cost-optimized reinforced concrete structures
Authors: Tamrazyan Ashot , Alekseytsev Anatoliy
Published: January 2021

The methods for evaluation of the optimality degree and the level of mechanical safety of design solutions are considered as an example of a reinforced concrete frame. Integrated safety margins of rigidity and stability are introduced, which are calculated according to the inherent structural sections formed as a result of discretizing the object into finite elements. The methods provide for the possibility of such an evaluation for relatively simple structures and without the finite element method. Using the example of a reinforced concrete framed stack, an evaluation of four design solutions obtained for various operating conditions by the normal designing and using an adapted genetic algorithm is illustrated.
Safety of engineering systems of buildings with limited heat supply
Authors: Rafalskaya Tatyana
Published: January 2021

In case of emergencies in large heat supply systems, the water temperature in the supply line of the heat supply system is reduced. It is necessary to determine the acceptable duration of the heat supply system during an emergency, taking into account the thermal accumulation of the external fencing and variable water consumption in the hot water supply system. A study was made of the operating modes of the heat supply system in conditions of emergency heat supply from the CHP. The factors affecting the thermal regime of buildings with external fences of various constructions with limited heat supply are considered. A method has been developed for calculating the cooling rate of the inner surface of the outer fence and the temperature on this surface at a given point in time. Calculated dependencies are obtained to determine the acceptable duration of the heat supply system with limited heat supply. Application of the developed methodology can increase energy efficiency and contribute to the energy saving of buildings in the event of emergencies in the heat supply network.
Analysis of the features of activated sludge biocenosis in aeration tanks at wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Manukhina Veronika
Published: January 2021

Application of the method of microscopy and visual analysis of the composition of activated sludge in aeration tanks. The advantage and ease of use of the microscopy. Detection of violations in the biocenosis of activated sludge at early stages. Characteristics and diversity of microorganisms in activated sludge. Consequences of accidents at sewage treatment plant.
Social-oriented approach to street public spaces design
Authors: Danilina Nina , Vlasov Denis , Teplova Irina
Published: January 2021

Global challenges for urban development determine the need to develop new approaches to urban environment design aimed on smart and sustainable cities. City streets become centre of human life and places where many public functions are concentrated. Thats why nowadays the issue of street function relates non only to its transportation use, but also to the development of public interaction and a new progressive approach to the social-oriented design of the urban environment with the involvement of the population is becoming a great demand. The article offers a social-oriented approach to the functional zoning of public spaces along city streets to create comfortable and safe environments and to ensure the effective land use of the linear street space resource. The approach is based on the concept of demand and supply relative to territorial assessment of various public functions. It is proposed a model of functional planning of the territory and social space depending on the users needs. The proposed approach to urban development was tested for example in Moscow streets.
Some aspects of intelligent decision support systems in construction
Authors: Evstratov Victor
Published: January 2021

The article provides a brief overview of the historical development of decision support systems (DSS). Their application in construction is substantiated. The universal architecture for a decision support system in construction with an example of a checklist for its verification is proposed. The model of the system for IDSS on the resumption of monolithic construction is proposed.
Determined of Equivalent Fixed Depth in the 3D Frame
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Bang , Thanh Dinh Viet
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the results of solving the problem of identifying the equivalent depth of the linkage of the frame -pile structural system. The computational model of the problem is a frame -pile structural system in the form of three-dimensional frame, linear elastic deformation, pile -soil link is replaced by a hard restraint (fixed) with equivalent restraint depth. The problem is solved by the method of penalty function to combine with the finite element method. Examples of numerical calculations show that models, algorithms and calculation programs can be trusted and acceptable.
Mathematical modelling of torsional vibrations of the three-layer cylindrical viscoelastic shell
Authors: Khudoynazarov K , algashev B F Y , Mavlonov T
Published: January 2021

The paper considers a circular cylindrical three-layer shell of arbitrary thickness from a viscoelastic material. It is believed that it consists of two outermost bearing layers and a middle layer between them, the materials of which are generally different. The problem of unsteady torsional vibrations of such a shell with rigid contact between the layers is formulated. Proceeding from the assumption that there is a rigid contact between the layers, the dynamic and kinematic contact conditions of the problem are formulated. On the basis of exact solutions in transformations of the three-dimensional problem of the linear theory of viscoelasticity for a circular cylindrical three-layer shell, a mathematical model of its unsteady torsional vibrations has been developed. The proposed model includes the derivation of the general equations of torsional vibrations of the shell with respect to two auxiliary functions, which are the main parts of the torsional displacement of the points of some intermediate surface of the middle layer of the shell. Along with the equations, an algorithm for calculating was created that allows, based on the results of solving the equations of vibration, to unambiguously determine the stress-strain state of the shell and its layers in their arbitrary sections.
The application of simulation modelling in making operational decisions in construction
Authors: Sborshikov Sergey , Vvedenskiy Roman , Markova Irina
Published: January 2021

The emergence of new organizational methods such as controlling, including strategic and operational-production, is a response of investment and construction activities to new challenges generated by the development of science and technology, as well as socio-economic conditions. The need of society, as a kind of aggregated customer of capital construction projects, is to reduce the cost, duration of their construction, improve the quality of buildings and structures. Achieving such results is possible through the use of new materials, equipment, technologies. However, the conditions for the construction of a specific facility, the current operational situation are conditioned by the presence of disturbing influences of both technical and managerial nature, and which must be stopped in time and, if possible, prevented. Thus, a toolkit is needed that involves the implementation of the functions of analysis, monitoring, but also the development and even adoption of operational technical and managerial decisions. It is on these principles that operational and production controlling is based. The adoption of appropriate tactical decisions is the central point in the organization of operational and production controlling in construction production, and also the fact that the real tasks of organizing construction are not always fully solved analytically. One of the promising ways can be the use of optimization methods in combination with simulation models and the provisions of the theory of experiment planning. The article proposes to consider the use of simulation modeling when optimizing the calendar schedule for the implementation of a complex of construction and installation works, carried out in the process of operational and production controlling.
Model of rainwater runoff formation on the surface of complex topography
Authors: Kuchkarova Dilarom , Achilova Dilnoza
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the issues of water disposal, with curvilinear coatings. The tasks of calculating rainfall at industrial sites and urban areas of complex topography arise in the process of modern urban construction.

Modern requirements for design quality necessitate accurate calculations of rainfall, location, size and number of drainage devices. The article points out the existence of a gap between the practice of calculating rainfall runoff and the theory of mathematical modeling of runoff. Also, modern mathematical models of the formation of rainfall are analyzed. A runoff model is proposed that provides a compatible consideration of the relationship between flow rates and water volumes in the area with the runoff genetic formula. The catchment area is torn by a network of lines of greatest slope and isochrones. For each elementary site, the ratio of the water balance is determined.

The continuity equation for the catchment is obtained. For the numerical implementation of the runoff model, a difference scheme is used. Specific programs are provided for the developed algorithms.

A computer program in the MatLab language has been developed for the proposed runoff model. The program has been tested at specific facilities.
Safety and risk categories of water reservoir hydrosystems
Authors: Yangiev Asror , Gapparov Furkat , Adjimuratov Dilmurat , Panjiev Sherzod
Published: January 2021

The article provides an analysis of accidents and their main causes in existing reservoir hydro-systems in the world. Besides, the article presents the diagram for accident causes in reservoirs. Risk category assessment is given for Langar, Kizilsuv and Kalkamaflood-reservoirs. According to available data from the Congress on large dams, currently there are no regulations on risk assessment for water reservoir hydro-systems in Uzbekistan. In addition, major security challenges and recommendations are presented to improve the operation of water reservoir hydro-systems.
Hydrodynamic effects of the flow on the slab of the stand in the presence of cavitation
Authors: Bazarov Dilshod , Vatin Nikolai , Bakhtiyor Obidov , Oybek Vokhidov , Rakhimov Ashraf , Akhmadi Makhfuz
Published: January 2021

This (article) work is devoted to one, relatively unbalanced issue of the dynamics of hydraulic structures - the determination of hydrodynamic loads on the slabs of a high-pressure spillway in a cavitating flow in the presence of erosion-free energy absorbers.

Working on the implementation of these studies, the authors simultaneously studied in laboratory pulsation loads on a real structure - elements of the downstream spillway devices, below – the Kafirnigan hydroelectric complex.
Improvement of hydraulic accounting of water resources in irrigation systems using geoinformation systems
Authors: Qosimov Jakhongir , Nasritdinova Umida , Nasritdinov Axmadjon
Published: January 2021

The work presented in the article directly determines the role of geoinformation systems in irrigation and land reclamation based on today’s requirements. At the same time, the results of analysis and evaluation of existing experimental and theoretical researches lead to the conclusion that modern mechanisms of accounting of water distribution in irrigation systems based on the analysis programs for high resolution of satellite images are not developed. from theoretical and practical points of view to GIS to the object. Therefore, studies on the use of DIO in water accounting are rare. Many studies in this area are devoted to land use and classification.
Study of irrigation characteristics and improvement of irrigation techniques using interpolymer complex-based anti-filtration screen
Authors: Gadaev Nodir , Ahmedjonov Dilmurod , Amanov Bakhodirjon , Muxammadeva Matluba , Ergashev I
Published: January 2021

In the world, special attention is paid to targeted research on water resources management and efficient use of irrigation water resources. In this regard, one of the main tasks is to improve the technique of irrigation of fields using cheap chemical and technical means, the development of new methods of water-saving irrigation, the development of the theory of water-saving technologies in irrigation of fields. In this regard, the use of inexpensive interpolymers to reduce soil composition and irrigation water infiltration is of particular importance.
Shock wave velocity in two-phase pressure flow
Authors: Jonkobilov Ulugmurad , Jonkobilov Sobir , Rajabov Ulug’bek , Bekjonov Rozisher , Norchayev Abdulla
Published: January 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the propagation velocity of the rarefaction wave and the compression wave, taking into account the two-phase (water + air) flow in the long pressure pipelines of pumping stations. Hitting speed is the main parameter of water hammer. Water hammer poses a danger to the normal operation of the main equipment of stations, control and measuring equipment, control devices and pressure pipelines. When establishing the strength indicators of pressure pipelines, it is necessary to make an accurate calculation of the shock wave speed, taking into account the dosed amount of not dissolved air in the water. The classical theory of water hammer is based on the gamogenic model and does not take into account air in the liquid. This circumstance leads to a decrease in the accuracy of calculating the velocity of the shock wave and water hammer. The article presents the results of analytical studies of the shock wave velocity, taking into account the two-phase pressure flow. At the same time, an analytical method for calculating the velocity of the shock wave is proposed. The results of the proposed technique are in good agreement with the graphical solutions of this problem and with experimental data.
Non-eroding speed of water flow of channels running in cohesive soils
Authors: Eshev Sobir , Latipov Shakhboz , Qurbonov Azizali , Sagdiyev Jasur , Berdiev Mustafo , Mamatov Nurbek
Published: January 2021

The authors of the article, on the basis of laboratory experiments, describe the kinematic the structure of the erosion rates of the water flow in the conditions of non-cohesive soil lying in the peceidal canals. A methodology for conducting laboratory experiments and analysis of the results tov research. Dependencies are proposed for determining non-eroding water flow rates taking into account the occurrence of the slopes of the trapezoidal canal.
System for ensuring the detection and elimination of fires in the building of the hydroelectric power station
Authors: Shaazizov Farrukh , Shukurov Diyor , Shukurov Elyor
Published: January 2021

The aim of the work is to develop theoretical and methodological foundations for predicting the likelihood of fires in the premises of hydroelectric power plants, as well as compiling algorithms for monitoring the fire safety system, the “Serviceability control” technological process and the “Fire” technological process.

In the course of the work, theoretical studies of methods for assessing the safety of power generating enterprises in the “man -machine -environment” system and ways of occurrence of emergency situations at power plants were carried out.

The analysis of methods for assessing the safety of power plants in the “man -machine -environment” system is considered and the analysis of the ways of occurrence of emergency situations at power plants, as well as the types of fires and the peculiarities of their detection in the premises of the hydroelectric power plant. And an attempt is made to solve the problem of super-early detection of fires and fires in the system under consideration.

The theoretical and methodological foundations for predicting the probability of fires depending on the operating modes of systems, devices and equipment and a compiled model of a fire hazard monitoring system are given.