bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cam Tavan Sendromunun Kadınların Çalışmasına Karşı Tutum Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: BAKAN İsmail , ERŞAHAN Burcu , ŞEKKELİ Zümrüt Hatice
Published: January 2023

Çalışmanın amacı cam tavan sendromunun kadınların çalışmasına karşı tutum üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla ilgili literatür taranarak üç hipotez oluşturulmuştur. Kurgulanan hipotezleri test etmek için bulgulara geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik analizleri, açımlayıcı faktör analizi, korelasyon ve lineer regresyon analizi yapılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, cam tavan sendromunun boyutları ile kadınların çalışmasına yönelik tutum arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir Yine bulgulara göre cam tavan sendromunun vazgeçme boyutu kadın çalışmasına karşı tutumun %32,1’ini, kabullenme boyutu ise %14,8’sini açıklamaktadır. Ancak inkâr boyutunun (p:0,01<0,487) kadınların çalışmasına karşı tutum üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmadığı görülmektedir. Literatürde cam tavanın dayanıklılık ve inkâr boyutları iyimser yaklaşım; vazgeçme ve kabullenme boyutları ise karamsar yaklaşım olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu nedenle, karamsarlığı ifade eden vazgeçme ve kabullenme boyutlarının, kadınların çalışmasına yönelik tutumlarını pozitif ve anlamlı biçimde etkilemesi, buna karşılık iyimserliği ifade eden inkâr boyutunun ise bu tutumu anlamlı biçimde etkilememesi önemli bir bulgudur. Çünkü olumsuz bir örgütsel davranışın olağan bir durum olarak algılanması (iyimserlik), diğer olumsuz davranışların da bu doğrultuda olağan olarak algılanmasına neden olabilmektedir. Bunun tersi durumda ise, bir olumsuz davranış olağandışı algılanıyorsa (kötümserlik), diğer negatif davranışlar da aynı şekilde olağandışı olarak algılanmaktadır.
Yönetsel Değer Çalışmalarına Yönelik Bir Yazın İncelemesi
Authors: KAVURMACI AYTAÇ Ceyda
Published: January 2023

Bu çalışmada, değer kavramı detaylı bir biçimde irdelenmiştir. Bir kavram olarak değer farklı açılardan ele alınmış, sonrasında tutum, norm, inanç, davranış, kişilik ve karakter gibi ilişkili kavramlar ile birlikte açıklanmıştır. Yönetsel değerler, iş değerleri ve örgütsel düzeyde değerlere dair açıklamalarda bulunulmuştur. Yönetsel değerleri kültürlerarası bağlamda ve ulusal kültür bağlamında ele alan çalışmalara yönelik bir yazın taramasına yer verilmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra yönetsel değerleri demografik değişkenler, fonksiyonel farklılıklar ve birtakım diğer örgütsel değişkenler açısından ele alan çalışmalar da irdelenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, bu çalışmanın esas amacı yönetsel değer kavramını ele alan çalışmalara ilişkin detaylı bir inceleme sunmaktır. Çalışmada, yönetsel değer çalışmalarının hangi alanlarda yoğunlaştığına, bu alanlarda hangi çalışmaların yapıldığına ve bu alanların nasıl kategorize edilebileceğine dair sorulara cevap aranmıştır. Yazında kültürlerarası karşılaştırmalı bir perspektifle yönetsel değerleri inceleyen çalışmaların ve ulusal kültürde baskın olan yönetsel değerlerin açığa çıkarılmasına yönelik çalışmaların daha yoğun olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Çalışmanın, ilgili alanda çalışma yapacak olan araştırmacılara alana dair detaylı bir perspektif sunacağı düşünülmektedir.
“Old Irish Saga”: In Search of a Definition
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics RAS, Mikhailova Tatyana A.
Published: January 2023

Using the term saga in Russian and European criticism is studied. The term denotes Old Irish epic tales. The relation between oral and written narrative traditions is described. Under investigation is the semantic content of the Russian term with the following: 1. the English (saga) and the German (die Sage) scholarly texts describing the same denotates 2. the Icelandic notion saga having a much wider semantic field in the original tradition (though not in mediaeval studies) 3. the semantic field of the original term scél having tale or story as one of its meanings. The work also states the recursive semantic shift tale, story → an event worthy of making a tale of, a piece of news. The shift is also evident in the semantic evolution of the Russian term istoriya. The conclusion points out the relativity of the frame of the term saga as a mediaeval literature’s genre and the necessity to appeal to a scholar’s intuition.
Legends of Folk Hagiography about St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker and Their Siberian Texts: Threshing with Fire
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Kuznetsova Vera S.
Published: January 2023

In the oral tradition of the Eastern Slavs, stories about miraculous threshing with fire are well known (AaTh 752A, SUS 752A). Folk hagiography often associates with the name of St. Nicholas the Miracle-Worker. The article presents the results of a study of Siberian texts of such legends (including folk prose plots not taken into account by the indexes) in comparison with variants of similar narratives of the European territory of historical Russia. It was found that, along with the plot forms common to the East Slavic tradition, Siberian texts contain special versions of this plot, which are the result of contamination and mixing of folklore forms in the conditions of Siberian existence. Unknown in the texts of other territories, the contaminated versions of the Siberian stories about the miraculous threshing acquire special interest against the background of the fact that the Siberian versions of Russian fairy tales, as researchers have established, generally have a strong tendency to plot contamination and the complexity of the stories. Previously, these processes were traced on the material of fairy tales (Matveeva, 1990) and novelistic tales (Kuznetsova, 2019). The Siberian variants of contaminated plot forms of legendary fairy tales presented in the article make it possible to consider contamination as an increasingly universal creative device in Siberian storytelling.
Subregional Calendar Traditions of Belarusian Settlers: Stable, Mobile and Unique Components
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Dayneko Tatyana V.
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the ritual and song components of the subregional calendar traditions of Belarusian settlers from the Omsk and Novosibirsk regions, Krasnoyarsk and Primorsky territories (records of songs and descriptions of rituals of the 1970s–2010s). It has been established that the subregional traditions of Belarusian settlers differ from each other in the composition of calendar rituals, the presence or absence of a song component in them and the number of song samples. The author comes to the conclusion that the annual calendar cycle of Belarusian migrants includes stable and mobile folklore and ethnographic complexes. Stable ones are developed in all the studied subregional traditions, in them the ratio of “rite-song genres” is balanced. Mobile ones may be present / absent in different sub-regional traditions or have different weight in their ritual-genre systems, the ratio of rituals and songs in such complexes is, as a rule, unequal. In addition, there are a small number of unique elements that distinguish any tradition from a number of others. The most stable is the winter festive folklore-ethnographic complex. It is present in all sub-regional traditions in sufficient completeness and safety. Only the Omsk subregion has a striking difference, where there is also a uniqat – the Christmas ritual game “Tereshka’s marriage”. The second stable component is the stubble ritual-labor complex with song genres related to it, including ritual ones and those dedicated to the season. The features of mobile folklore-ethnographic complexes are considered. The unique features of each subregional tradition are revealed.
The Theme of Separation in the Song Folklore of the Chuvash Settlers of the Kemerovo Region
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Ismagilova Ekaterina I. , Fedotova Elena V. ,   Chuvash State Institute for the Humanities
Published: January 2023

This paper examines the embodiment of the theme of separation in the song texts recorded in 1951 and 2007 from the Chuvash settlers of the Kemerovo region. This theme is present in guest and recruit songs, in the songs of immigrants created in the process of forced resettlement of the Chuvash to new lands. In aphoristic short-plot songs, the theme of separation often manifests itself in the form of separate words and verbal turns – “signs” that point to it. In guest songs, the theme of separation is conveyed most often through images of memories, distant distances, abandonment, sadness. “Signs” of crying, farewell, big cities, symbolizing the foreign side, prevail precisely in recruit songs; in them, the theme of separation sounds especially dramatic and tense. In the songs of the settlers, the images present in the guest and recruit songs are summed up. In addition, in the songs of the settlers there are detailed descriptions of the move and the harsh living conditions in new places. Probably, such a topic was relevant specifically for the bearers of the tradition in the middle of the 20th century, which is associated with their memories of forced resettlement in Siberia at the beginning of the 20th century, as well as with the memory of the difficult trials of the period of the Great Patriotic War. Despite the absence of song variants in the recordings of different times considered by us, there is a certain continuity in the folklore samples of the local Chuvash tradition of the Kemerovo region. It manifests itself in the similar themes of a number of the considered songs and the features of its expression (general words are “signs” indicating the theme of separation, the principle of two-link figurative parallelism is preserved in many texts).
“Murzilka” by N. M. Oleynikov
Authors:   Semenov-Tyan-Shansky Lipetsk State Pedagogical University, Kuvshinov Felix V.
Published: January 2023

At the end of the 19th century, small forest people – brownies – appeared in Russian literature, invented and drawn by the Canadian writer Palmer Cox. His main character – Murzilka – for half a century of his literary evolution transformed into the image of the well-known Soviet reader, Neznajka. One of the literary branches of the brownie’s development was Makar Svirepyj, the main character of Nikolai Oleynikov's comics. Unlike Murzilka of Cox and N. N. Nosov’s Neznajka, he is devoid of many negative traits. He is an extremely active and at the same time politicized character, which is associated with the change of the cultural code in Russia after 1917. Makar Svirepyj’s peculiarity lies in his ideology growing into ideology. At the same time, he inherited from the Brownie Cox a propensity for travel and the ability to get into unbelievable situations.
Semantic Field “Alcohol Use” in Russian (In Comparison with Italian)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Savina Maria A.
Published: January 2023

The article characterizes the similarities of the semantic fields “alcohol use” and describes their differences on the example of lexical paradigms like “drinking alcohol in large quantities for a long time (binge drinking)”, “physical and psychological destruction as a result of drinking alcohol (become an inveterate drunkard)” and “hangover” in Russian and Italian. The study is based on the materials of the National Corpus of the Russian Language, the ContextReverse portal of works by Italian authors and various dictionaries. The author used methods of continuous sampling, corpus, comparative, modeling, the method of contextual, definitional and component analysis.
Semantics of Unidirectional and Multidirectional Motion in the Lexico-Grammatical System of the Fiction Text (Based on P. Suskind’s Work “Die Geschichte von Herrn Sommer” and Its Russian Translation)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Bulygina Elena Yu. , Dmitrieva Ekaterina A. ,   SkyEng Online School of English, Tripolskaya Tatiana A. ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: January 2023

The article investigates the textual potential of concrete and multidirectional verbs of motion (based on the original and translated texts of P. Süskind “Die Geschichte von Herrn Sommer”). Textual specificity of verbs of motion is considered with the support of semantic-pragmatic features of the verb subsystems of two languages. For Russian verbs of motion, the concept of direction is relevant, since any movement is carried out in space by a certain trajectory (idti – hodit’, bresti – brodit’, letet’ – letat’, bezhat’ – begat’). In German, this parameter of motion is actualized only in the appropriate context with the help of adverbs of location and direction; prepositional-case constructions; direct complements and separable prefixes. In the semantic field “Movement / Verkehr” with the verb dominant there are lexical groupings, whose members, due to the lexico-grammatical and lexico-semantic valency of verbs, interpret different characteristics of the process of movement. The text's richness in units of different parts of speech with the meaning of motion (primarily verbs) organizes the narrative chronotope of the story: the semantics of space and time is actualized with the help of the lexicon of motion. Each of the main characters is included into the narrative through the description of the peculiarities of their movement. The following movement parameters are essential for the lexico-grammatical organization of the original and translated texts: direction, mode and means of movement, speed, purpose and actions associated with movement. In this textual paradigm, the key role belongs to concrete and multidirectional verbs. The main character lives his life in a constant, energetic, well-directed and aimless movement, unlike other characters, whose movements are determined by fatigue / vigor, vector (up / down, forward/backward), unidirectional and multidirectional, purpose and means of movement. In the semantics of concrete verbs there is a derivative potential seme “purpose of movement,” which, however, is extinguished in the original and translated texts. The main semantic paradox of the text is created by the intra-textual opposition of “a certain direction” and “no purpose” of the movements of the main character.
Continuous Reframing: G. Lakoff, Cognitive Linguistics, and ‘Language Poetry’
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics RAS, Feshchenko Vladimir V.
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to a little-known episode of direct contacts between modern linguistics and experimental poetry. In the 1980s, the era of the so-called “linguistics wars” in the USA, that took place between representatives of generative grammar and cognitive semantics, “poetic wars” unfolded, one of the sides of which were the poets of the “language school”. G. Lakoff published a number of polemical articles in which he discusses the value of the “language movement” in poetry and its prox-imity to the strategies of cognitive linguistics. In particular, the focus is on the issue of “framing” knowledge in language. “Language poets” and cognitive linguists have in common not only their attention to metaphor as an operator of thinking, but also to language as a mediator between cognition and aesthesis, between experience and consciousness, between the poetic and metalinguistic functions of language.
Resonance Triggers and the Formation of Pandemic Coronavirus Discourse
Authors:   Humanitarian and Pedagogical Academy (branch) - Vernadsky Crimean Federal University in Yalta, Sinelnikova Lara N. , Selezneva Larisa V. ,   Pushkin State Russian Language Institute
Published: January 2023

The article examines the mechanism of the formation of a resonant discourse using the example of a discourse about the pandemic coronavirus. Special attention is paid to the concept of “trigger” and the characteristics of the main triggers of the coronavirus pandemic discourse. The article describes the communicative and cognitive potential of the triggers “Fear” and “Isolation”. They are manifested in lexical and semantic innovations, in the word-formation activity of the language, in the expansion of associative links. A trigger is viewed as a semantic mechanism that defines strategies for generating text and the formation of a communicative event based on a real event, which caused a public outcry. Concentration of linguistic resources on the event contributes to the formation of a new discursive formation, thematically related to a resonant event generating new structures of sociocultural knowledge.
Concessive constructions in the Khakass language
Authors:   Research Institute of Humanities and Sayano-Altay Turkology of the Katanov Khakass State University, Chugunekova A. N.
Published: January 2023

The syntax of a complex sentence is of great interest to researchers of various languages. Although the extensive research has been undertaken in this area, there are still many questions to be clarified. Our attention is focused on the syntax of the Khakass language. Previous studies have been devoted to complex sentences without conjunctions, conditional and causal constructions in the Khakass language, in comparison with the Russian language. Nevertheless, taking into account the fact that only a small section of the scientific grammar of the Khakass language covers the topic under discussion, such studies are highly relevant. This study examines complex sentences in the Khakass language and, in particular, polypredicative concessive constructions that have not yet received proper coverage. There is only a small paragraph in the block of circumstantial subordinate clauses devoted to such constructions in the Khakass language grammar. Our aim was to identify and describe the means of expressing concessionary relations. The study has revealed a unique specialization of all concessive constructions in the Khakass language primarily associated with the amplifying particle taa / tee, daa / dee preceding or following the conditional form (=sa / =se, =za / =ze) in the simple verb predicate, preceding the conditional form in the nominal and complex verb predicate in the in the dependent predicative unit. Depending on the form of the predicate of the main predicative unit and on the presence of interrogative pronouns, these constructions express real-concessive and conditionally-concessive, conditionally-contrastive, generically-concessive meanings.
Epic formulas in the texts of the Shor epic “Meret-oolak” / “Meret Olak with a magic horse”
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Arbachakova L. N.
Published: January 2023

The paper deals with two texts of the epic “Meret-oolaq” and “Meret Olak with a magic horse” (Meret sar attyg Meret Oolaq) performed by D. K. Turushpanov and transcribed by different speakers of the Shor language, I. Ya. Arbachakov and L. N. Arbachakova. Both texts were textually analyzed to reveal the epic formulas. A preliminary comparison of the two deciphered texts showed that both texts had been made from the one recording. Referring to the audio-recording of the epic under study as the only source to be legitimately called the primary source, we followed the main principle of practical textual study, the research material authenticity. We have deciphered the epic “Meret Olak with a magic horse” and reproduced most accurately the epic formulas woven into the heroic epic. In addition, we conducted a comparative textual analysis of the previously available deciphering made in the early 1980s. We have found some distortions in I. Ya. Arbachakov’s version. These are errors, abbreviations, replacements of individual formulas with synonymous ones. In addition, some well-known epic formulas were lost or partially distorted and some lines were omitted. All these factors resulted in the impoverishment of the language of the epic. Pursuing the task of authentic demonstration of epic texts and their deep textual elaboration, we have succeeded in reproducing lost or distorted formulas and stable expressions and thus contribute to the preservation of the rich language of epic singers.
Зооморфный код в мифоритуальной традиции алтайцев
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Oynotkinova N. R.
Published: January 2023

The article reveals the peculiarities of the zoomorphic cultural code implementation in the mythology and rituals of the Altai people. Folklore texts of different genres: myths, legends, historical legends, tales, and ritual works of Altaians were studied using the descriptive method, the method of semantic reconstruction, and the method of motivational analysis used in ethnolinguistics. The concept of “double coding” serves as a methodological basis for studying the zoomorphic code in the mythological picture of the world of the Altaians. The culture code is understood as a way of expressing meaning when describing the material and spiritual world in the cultural space by native speakers, as well as a linguistic way of conceptualizing the surrounding world. Cultural codes in mythological texts are enclosed in lexical representatives-mythemes denoting various objects of the material and spiritual world and united by a theme. The author concludes that the zoomorphic code is one of the main ones involved in the coding of conceptual cultural meanings in the language picture of the world. The mythological interpretation of certain mythemes as zoomorphic entities in the mythological and ritual culture of Altaians provided one of the means of coding and reflecting the world picture. The zoomorphic code plays a role in the conceptualization and formation of various myths: theonyms, demonyms, names of cult objects, cosmonyms, and chrononyms. In addition, motivational models of mytheme formation are identified.
Intonation of the dictum questions with the interrogative word kem in the Altai language
Authors:   Institute of Philology SB RAS, Dobrinina A. A.
Published: January 2023

This paper presents the experimental phonetic analysis of the Altai language intonation in terms of a communicative focus of the utterance. The interrogative intonation implementation was studied in sounding texts recorded from six informants, all representatives of the Altai-Kizhi dialect. In Altai, as in other Turkic languages, interrogative utterances are mainly expressed in lexical-grammatical and intonational ways. The first involves using interrogative pronouns such as kem “who,” ne “what,” kandyy “what, which,” kancha “how much,” and others, and the interrogative particle ba. The phonetic analysis revealed a wide intonational variability of dictum interrogative utterances with the interrogative pronoun kem. The intonation was found to depend on the interrogative word position. With kem at the beginning, the utterance has an even tone or is marked by an ascending-descending change in the frequency of the basic tone. With kem in the end, the ascending movement of the tone is observed, suggesting the utterance incompleteness and the expectation of the listener’s response. With kem in the middle position, a descending tone is observed, the intonational contour being wavelike: ascending-descending-ascending-descending. Overall, the intonational contour of questions with the word kem can be characterized as descending-rising, but with kem at the very end, the tone is ascending, the frequency difference of the basic tone in all the examples ranging from 5 to 7 pt. The next step will be to specify the trends identified by expanding the research corpus and describing the general pattern of intonation of dictum questions in statements with different interrogative words.
Intonation of imperative statements of the Teleut language: 20th century and early 21st century
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Technical University, Shestera E. A.
Published: January 2023

Acoustic analysis of the intonation of imperative statements of the Teleut language revealed some patterns in the development of the Teleut intonation system. The new data were compared with those obtained by F. A. Kim when studying similar linguistic material. These patterns are in line with the science of language and are explained by the linguistic situation of the endangered Teleut language. Thus, the new tendencies can be seen in the pronunciation of bilingual speakers of a younger generation. In turn, the features described by F. A. Kim are more characteristic of the speech of the older generation speakers, who consider the Teleut language to be their native language. Each utterance was characterized as having a rheme with a zero topic. The rheme in short imperative statements representing a request, demand, advice, or order was found to have a globally increasing pitch or may be characterized as a fall-rise or rise-fall pitch movement.
Eduardo Menéndez e sua utilização na produção de teses e dissertações na enfermagem brasileira
Authors: Macagnan Kelly Laste , Zillmer Juliana Graciela Vestena , Ceolin Teila , Nadal Amanda da Silveira
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Identificar e analisar o uso dos conceitos de Eduardo Menéndez em teses e dissertações na Enfermagem brasileira. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, com aproximações da pesquisa documental mediante a análise das teses e dissertações defendidas entre 2010 e 2021, disponíveis no site do Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. A coleta de dados ocorreu em janeiro de 2022. A extração dos dados se deu mediante o preenchimento de um instrumento, e posteriormente os dados transferidos para uma planilha, sendo submetidos à análise descritiva. Resultados: Foram identificados 12 estudos, tendo como participantes indivíduos em situações de padecimento, famílias, cuidador familiar e profissionais de saúde. As pesquisas estavam vinculadas a três programas de pós-graduação em enfermagem. Considerações finais: Adversidade na apresentação e na descrição do uso dos conceitos de Eduardo Menéndez e os resultados dos estudos revelam que ainda há́ necessidade de aprimoramento e aprofundamento quanto ao uso. Considerando as diferentes possibilidades no campo da enfermagem, verificou-se que o uso do conceito de autoatenção requer maior aprofundamento científico nesta área, com a consolidação de novas linhas de pesquisa e, assim, novas perspectivas e saberes serão construídos e difundidos na comunidade científica.
Uso de materiais estéticos em pacientes com dentinogênese imperfeita
Authors: Santos Barbara Ferreira da Costa , Fonseca Caroline Gusmão , Nascimento Yasmim Pinho do , Acioly Gabrielly Maria Argolo , Lopes Filho Glauco Viana , Medeiros Michelle Leão Bittencourt Brandão
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Analisar através de uma revisão da literatura a utilização dos materiais estéticos em casos de pacientes com dentinogêsene imperfeita e suas implicações estéticas para o paciente. Revisão bibliográfica: A dentinogênese imperfeita é responsável pelo distúrbio de desenvolvimento dentário, causando assim uma alteração no esmalte, afetando diretamente na autoestima do paciente, fazendo com que ele procure o cirurgião-dentista. É citado ainda a comparação entre a dentinogênese imperfeita com manchas de tetraciclina. Onde o mais importante é a busca por uma melhor autoestima e fazer com que o paciente se sinta o mais confortável possível, estabelecendo a estética e a função. Considerações finais: Portanto, a busca pela estética é o principal ponto, afetando diretamente a vida do indivíduo como o convívio social, psicológico e ainda as relações afetivas. Alguns dos tratamentos propostos seriam: materiais restauradores como a resina, facetas em cerâmicas, e em alguns casos uso de agentes clareadores podem ser utilizados.
NT-proBNP Levels in Relation to Various Grades of Hypertension – An Observational Study
Authors: Remala Archana , Karthikeya Kapil
Published: January 2023

Objectives:

The objectives of this study were to compare levels of NT-proBNP in various grades of hypertension, correlate with electrocardiographic criteria of LVH and with diastolic function on echocardiography.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted on 100 patients attending the cardiology outpatient department of Nizam’s Institute of Medical Sciences, patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were enrolled in this study after taking informed consent.

Results:

This study includes the patient population with a mean of 54.32 ± 6 years of age. ECG criteria of LVH are more common in patients with Grade 1 (60%) and Grade 2 (89%) hypertension.

Conclusion:

Patients with higher grades of hypertension have more LV mass which is corresponding to ECG criteria satisfying LVH and more diastolic dysfunction as well as higher NT pro-BNP values.
Immigrants’ Diminished Protective Effects of Educational Attainment against Depressive Symptoms in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005-2016)
Authors:   Marginalization-Related Diminished Returns (MDRs) Research Center, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, California, USA, S Assari , H Zare ,   University of Maryland Global Campus, Health Services Management, Maryland, USA
Published: January 2023

Background: Socioeconomic Status (SES) indicators such as educational attainment protect people against health problems, including but not limited to depressive symptoms. However, according to the marginalization-related Diminished Returns Framework (MDRs), SES indicators such as educational attainment show weaker health effects for marginalized than for socially privileged groups. We conducted this study-built on the MDRs-with two aims: First, to test the association between educational attainment and depressive symptoms, and second, to test variation in this association by immigration status. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2005-2016) data. Participants included 28,682 adults who were either non-immigrant (US-born) or immigrant. Demographic factors (age, sex, race, ethnicity, and marital status), SES (educational attainment), and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scale) were measured. Weighted Negative Binomial Regression (NBREG) models were used in Stata to adjust for the complex sample design of the NHANES. Models without and with interaction terms were estimated in the pooled sample and by immigration status. Results: Overall, high educational attainment showed an inverse association with depressive symptoms. However, as documented by statistical interactions between educational and immigrant status showed that immigrants with college education or above had experienced higher depressive symptoms (IRR: 1.26; CI: 1.08-1.48) than US-born individuals with college education or above. Conclusion: Educational attainment may have a differential association with the depressive symptoms of immigrant and non-immigrant people. Immigrant people report high depressive symptoms despite their high education.
Quality of Reporting Data for Covid-19 Cases in Sfax (Tunisia) in 2020-2021
Authors:   Department of Preventive Health, Tunisia, M Makhlouf , B Ismahen ,   Department of Preventive Health, Tunisia, A Hayet ,   Department of Preventive Health, Tunisia, K Hedia ,   Department of Preventive Health, Tunisia, M Iadh ,   Department of Preventive Health, Tunisia, L Hejer ,   ONMNE, Tunisia, BA Nissaf ,   ONMNE, Tunisia, M Jawhar ,   Regional Director of Health, Tunisia
Published: January 2023

Background: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a specific reporting system was set up in Tunisia to allow communication and timely follow-up of cases. These data are used among others to take public health measures to control this infection. However, effective decisions should be based on high quality data. Purpose: Our objective was to quantitatively evaluate the quality of the data of COVID-19 cases reporting in Sfax from March 2020 to June 2021. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study that refers to the data collected in the reporting of covid-19 patients. Three quality attributes were studied, availability, promptness or punctuality and completeness. The source of the data was the Case Report Forms (CRFs) developed by the National Office of New and Emerging Diseases (ONMNE) collected mainly by telephone. A sample of 384 CRFs was selected by systematic random sampling. Findings: Only 29% of the MSDSs (15972) were available compared to the expected ones (38852). As for punctuality, 23% (n=87) were received at the surveillance cell within 48 hours of case confirmation. On the other hand, they reveal that the information recorded in the MSDS by the interveners was globally very insufficient and or illegible, especially the identification of the reporter and the contacts of the patients with scores of 53.9% and 43.9%. Overall, the quality of the data was judged “poor” in the majority of cases (72.13%). Conclusion: The present study revealed that our data reported during this pandemic are not timely and not satisfactory both quantitatively and qualitatively. We therefore recommend an evaluation of the entire communication system on a regular basis. Also, a mandatory training cycle for all primary care physicians and biologists in bio-statistics is necessary to better understand the usefulness of data collection, analysis and interpretation.
Paricalcitol Ameliorated Dextran-Sulfate-Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice through MKP-1/P38 MAPK Signaling Pathway
Authors:   Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China., Lv Liyuan , Liv Guinan ,   Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China., Yang Man ,   Department of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, China., Chen Tao ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,China., Li Xiang ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,China., Zhang Jun ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,China., Liu Jie ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,China., Liu Yi ,   Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai,China.
Published: January 2023

Background and Aim: Ulcerative Colitis (UC), a type of inflammatory bowel disease, of which the accurate pathogenesis is not yet well understand. Recently, the Vitamin D/VDR signaling pathway and the activated vitamin D analogues have been proved as playing important role in the pathogenesis of UC. In the present study, our objective was to evaluate the effect of Vitamin D analogues paricalcitol on dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitis in a mouse model. Methods: We evaluated the effects of the activated vitamin D analogues paricalcitol on the development of Dextran-Sulfate-Sodium-(DSS)-induced colitis. Clinical symptoms were evaluated by the Disease Activity Index (DAI) and tissue samples were evaluated by Histopathological Scoring (HS). Meanwhile, the mucosal mRNA expression of cytokines, Tumor Necrosis Factoralpha (TNF-a), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-10 (IL-10), Interleukin-17 (IL-17) were analyzed by real-time semi quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The mucosal protein VDR, p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (P38-MAPK) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) expressions of the vitamin D/VDR signaling pathway were analyzed using Western blot. Results: The results showed that the weight loss and colon length shortening of DSS-induced mice were significantly improved after paricalcitol treatment. In addition, both DAI and HS were significantly reduced. Paricalcitol down regulated the mucosal expression of messenger RNA of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-10 and upregulated anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-17. Both VDR protein expression and MKP-1 level increased, whereas the mucosal expression of p38-MAPK was found to be decreased. Conclusion: Activated Vitamin D analogues paricalcitol can ameliorate the development of DSS-induced colitis through the Vitamin D/VDR signaling pathway.
Less Medicines in Older Patients in the Netherlands, The Lemon Study: Study Protocol of a Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors:   Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands, J Abou , PJM Elders ,   Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, location VU, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, The Netherlands, D Huijts ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands, J Domic ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands, RV Marum ,   Department of Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, The Netherlands, J Hugtenburg ,   Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, The Netherlands
Published: January 2023

Background and Objective: Overtreatment with cardiometabolic medication is a common phenomenon in older patients. Up to 20% of these patients may be eligible for deprescribing. Deprescribing may decrease the risk of adverse drug events and is indicated when a drug may lead to more harm than benefits. The LeMON study aims to develop, implement and evaluate a standardized template for the performance of clinical medication reviews (CMR) using evidence based tools and training to support deprescribing of cardiometabolic medication. Method: A clustered randomized controlled study involving twenty community pharmacists (CP). CP will be asked to conduct a CMR in ten patients. The intervention group will receive training on the background of deprescribing cardiometabolic medication and the use of tools and the control group will perform a CMR according to standard practice. Follow-up will take place within four weeks (T1) and after three months (T2) following the CMR. Patients 70 years or older; polypharmacy and chronic use of at least one blood pressure medicine and having a systolic blood pressure below 140 mmHg, or chronic use of glucose lowering medication and HbA1c level below 54 mmol/ mol were included. Discussion: The LeMON study will assess whether a primary care-based intervention educating CPs about deprescribing cardiometabolic medication reduces the number of cardiometabolic medication used by older patients with a blood pressure or HbA1c lower than the treatment targets tment. The use of algorithms including information on blood pressure and/or HbA1c and cardiometabolic medication use has not been studied previously.
Short Wave Diathermy (SWD) Therapy in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis of Shoulder
Authors:   Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cox’sbazar Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh, A Haque , ZI Khan ,   Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, UK
Published: January 2023

Introduction: There are several options for the management of adhesive capsulitis. Short Wave Diathermy (SWD) is also an important option for adhesive capsulitis management, but very few data are available to support SWD use in adhesive capsulitis. Therefore, we studied the effectiveness of SWD to improve the pain and range of motions in frozen shoulder. Methods: A total 56 patients with adhesive capsulitis were selected in this randomized controlled trial for a study period of 6 months. The subjects were divided into two intervention groups; one group with conventional treatment plan plus SWD and second group with conventional treatment alone. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) with Tenderness Grading (TG) and Shoulder Pain And Disability Index scoring (SPADI) were used to measure the pain and disability, The SPSS (version 20) was used for the statistical analysis; differences between the intervention groups were determined by independent t-test. Results: Among 56 patients, male and female gender were matched (p>0.05) and male to female ratio was 1.66: 1. Only one patient had both shoulders involvement, 48.2% of subjects had right sided and 50.0% had left sided involvement. There were 92.7% of patients who had localized pain and only 7.3% had radiating pain. About 56.4% of the patients had evening time of onset of the pain and 43.6% at night. Most of the patients in both groups had constant and intermittent type of pain, 47.5% and 45.5% respectively, and other types were sharp and dull. Significant differences were observed in VAS, TG and SPADI analysis in between Group A and Group B at week 2, 4 and 6 (P<0.05), whereas initial follow-up was non-significant in VAS and TG analysis (p>0.05). Conclusion: We conclude that when SWD is combined with conventional management of adhesive capsulitis, it gives better reduction in shoulder pain and disability.
Decannulation Timing is an Expression of Neurological Recovery Time: The Need to Define a Performance within a Time Frame
Authors:   Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Azienda USLIRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy, F Lombardi , A Briganti ,   Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Azienda USLIRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy, G Colli ,   Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Azienda USLIRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy, P Marchetti ,   Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Azienda USLIRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy, M Massobrio ,   Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Azienda USLIRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy, M Lusuardi ,   Department of Neuromotor Rehabilitation, Azienda USLIRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Italy
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The factors that influence the likelihood of tracheostomy tube weaning in patients with severe acquired brain injury (sABI) are fairly well known, and recently it has been pointed out that improving swallowing and cough resistance are among the most important. What has not yet been focused on is the “passage of time” factor and how much it affects weaning opportunities. Objective: With this study, we wanted to analyze how the probability of decannulation varies over time, consistent with neurological improvement. Method: We examined the tracheostomy database of our neurological rehabilitation unit, which reports data from 359 patients with sABI, hospitalized between 2000 and 2012, and all carriers of tracheostomy tube upon admission. The sample was divided into two groups based on the time gap between the acute event and admission to rehabilitation, an Early Group = 60 days and a Late Group > 60 days. The probability of decannulation, both overall and subdivided by groups, was then evaluated. Results: The E-Group showed better functional scores at discharge and a better percentage of decannulation compared with the L-Group. The differences were statistically significant, but later decannulations were not unusual: 12% late weanings versus 88% earlier. The probability of decannulation increases over time and is a factor dependent on the degree of neurological and functional recovery. It is of primary importance to consider these aspects when making comparisons between different centers, defining a product standard or performing benchmarking analyses. Conclusions: The rehabilitative prognosis for decannulation can be reliably judged only after a suitable and well-defined period of time, because the probability of tube weaning has been shown to be strongly dependent on the amount of time that passes. This study also showed that effective decannulations can be achieved even more than 6 months after the acute event, although with significantly lower probabilities.
Critical micelle concentration and partition coefficient of mixed micelles: Analysis of ternary systems based on Markov chain model and simple mixture model
Authors: Suzuki Nozomu , Taura Daisuke , Komichi Yuta
Published: January 2023

Hypothesis: When two or more surfactants are mixed, the mixed system exhibits improved performance compared with a single surfactant system in solution. The Markov chain model can analyze the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of mixed micelles, yielding results similar to those of a simple mixture model, which is typically referred to as the “regular solution theory.” In this study, two hypotheses were tested: (1) the Markov chain model for ternary systems can be simplified by approximating the association constant of surfactants i and j as Kij = Kji and (2) the quasi-simple ternary mixture model, that is, an analogous simple mixture model of the Markov chain model, helps interpret the interaction parameter of the simple mixture model that can describe the partition coefficient of the binary mixed micelle. Experiments: Equations were derived for (1) the Markov chain model for ternary systems by assuming Kij = Kji and (2) the interaction parameter of the simple mixture model that can describe the partition coefficient of the binary mixed micelle. Findings: The models were compared with the experiment data, and the derived equations described the experimental data of the CMC and partition coefficient well.
Modelling Anion Poisoning during Oxygen Reduction on Pt Near-Surface Alloys
Authors: Schramm Petersen Amanda , Degn Jensen Kim , Wan Hao , Bagger Alexander , Chorkendorff Ib , E.L. Stephens Ifan , Rossmeisl Jan , Escudero-Escribano María
Published: January 2023

Electrolyte effects play an important role on the activity of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of Pt-based electrodes. Herein, we combine a computational model and rotating disk electrode measurements to investigate the effects from phosphate anion poisoning for the ORR on well-defined extended Pt surfaces. We construct a model including the poisoning effect from phosphate species on Pt(111) and Cu/Pt(111) based on density functional theory simulations. We have investigated the effect of adsorbed phosphate species at low overpotentials when tuning *OH binding energies. Our work shows that, regardless of the surface site blockage from phosphate, the trend in catalytic oxygen reduction activity is predominately governed by the *OH binding.
In-House Fabrication of 1.3 to 7 mm MAS Drive Caps using Desktop 3D Printers
Authors: Amerein Cyriaque , Banerjee Utsab , Pang Zhenfeng , Lu Wenqing , Pimenta Vanessa , Tan Kong Ooi
Published: January 2023

The 3D-printing technology has emerged into a well-developed method to fabricate parts with considerably low cost and yet with high precision (< 100 um). It was shown in the recent literature that the 3D-printing technology can be exploited to fabricate magic-angle spinning (MAS) system in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In particular, the 3.2 mm MAS drive caps with intricate features are well fabricated using an outsourced 3D printing service, and the caps were demonstrated to spin > 20 kHz. Here, we show that not only lab-affordable benchtop 3D printers can produce equal-quality drive caps as the commercialized version, but also smaller 2.5 mm and 1.3 mm MAS drive caps—despite slight compromise in performances. All in-house fabricated drive caps (1.3 to 7 mm) can be consistently reproduced (> 90 %) and achieved excellent spinning performances. In summary, the > 3.2 mm systems have similar performances as the commercial systems, while the 2.5 and 1.3 mm spun up to 26 kHz  2 Hz, and 46 kHz  1 Hz, respectively. The low-cost and fast in-house fabrication of MAS drive caps allows easy prototyping of new MAS drive cap models and, possibly, new NMR applications. For instance, we have fabricated a 4 mm drive cap with a hollow center to allow better light penetration or sample insertion during MAS.