bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First instar larvae of Corethrella appendiculata Grabham have a prothoracic proleg (Diptera: Corethrellidae)
Authors: Borkent Art , McKeever Sturgis
Published: July 2010

The first instar larva of Corethrella appendiculata has a prothoracic proleg. This character state was previously considered to be the primary synapomorphy of the Chironomoidea and as such, draws into question the monophyly of that group.
Review of Hynhamia Razowski (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and critique of its phylogenetic position
Authors: Brown John W.
Published: July 2010

The Neotropical genus Hynhamia Razowski, 1987 is redescribed. Six species are recognized: H. hemileuca (Meyrick, 1932), type species; H. sciodryas (Meyrick, 1926), comb. n.; H. brunana sp. n.; H. cornutia sp. n.; H. sp. A; and H. sp. B; the latter two are known only from single females and therefore are not formally named. The genitalia are described and illustrated for each species. Initially assigned to Chlidanotini (Chlidanotinae), Hynhamia is transferred to Euliini on the basis of the possession of a foreleg hairpencil and moderately long antennal setulae (= cilia) in the male, and the presumably plesiomorphic female genitalia. Members of Hynhamia lack all convincing synapomorphies for inclusion in the Chlidanotini, i.e., hami, large saccus-vinculum complex, and laterally compressed antennae in the male; and the characteristic 'asteroid' signum and associated accessory bursa in the female.
The Australian Corticacarus (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae): first records from Papua New Guinea with descriptions of six new species
Authors: Wiles P.R.
Published: July 2010

Six new species of Corticacarus (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Hygrobatidae) are described from Papua New Guinea. They differ from all but one of the twelve Australian species by having 4 not 3 pairs of genital acetabula. New species described are C. aureatus sp.n., C. kingi sp.n., C. mendi sp.n., C. multiscutatus sp.n., C. pinguipalpis sp.n. and C. yunae sp.n.
A chromosomal investigation of five European species of Anacaena Thomson (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Authors: Shaarawi Fatma A. , Angus Robert B.
Published: July 2010

Chromosomal data are given for five European species of Anacaena. A. bipustulata, A. limbata and A. lutescens have the diploid number 16 + XY (male), 16 + XX (female). A. globulus has the number 14 + XY/XX, while in A. rufipes the number is 10 + neo-XY (male). Chromosomal data from various Hydrobiinae suggest that a diploid number of 16 + XY or XX is normal in this subfamily, and that the karyotypes of A. globulus and A. rufipes result from reductions in number. In A. globulus the sizes and shapes of the chromosomes suggest that there may have been loss of the centromere from one of the smaller chromosome pairs, with the two arms fusing with two different autosomes. In A. rufipes the process appears to have gone further, with the original sex chromosomes fusing with a pair of autosomes to give a neo-XY. The karyotypes of all five species are distinctive, confirming the recognition of A. lutescens as a distinct species. In populations of A. lutescens comprising only females, all specimens were heterozygous for a deletion polymorphism in one pair of autosomes. This deletion was not found in bisexual populations. Two of the females-only populations included a proportion of triploid individuals, and this, in conjunction with the deletion polymorphism, is taken as evidence that these populations are parthenogenetic. Present evidence is not considered sufficient to show whether the parthenogenesis has a single origin in A. lutescens or whether it is polyphyletic, though the discovery of consistent small differences in the relative length of two autosomes, between parthenogenetic and bisexual populations, suggests a single origin. The triploid karyotypes show small differences between the two populations in which they are known, and this suggests that triploidy has arisen after the establishment of parthenogenesis, and is of multiple origins. In most cases the only tissue available for chromosome preparations was mid-gut of adult beetles, and the methods used are described.
Tibiotarsal chaetotaxy in Tullbergiinae (Collembola: Onychiuridae)
Authors: Fjellberg Arne
Published: July 2010

Six types of tibiotarsal chaetotaxy are recognised among genera of the subfamily Tullbergiinae. The most complete chaetotaxy is found in the nearctic species Thllbergia clavata Mills, while the most reduced type is displayed by many species of Mesaphorura and related genera.
A new species of Bryophaenocladius Thienemann (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Norway, with emendations to the diagnoses of the genus
Authors: Schnell Øyvind A.
Published: July 2010

All life stages and both sexes of Bryophaenocladius faegrii sp. n. are described. The pupa especially has characters not previously found in the genus, including a thoracic horn and several pairs of setae on the cephalic sheath and on tergite IX. Also the male, female and larva exhibit characters in new combinations. Corrected and emended generic diagnoses for the different life stages are given, and aspects of the ecology of the species are discussed.
The larvae of Placusa Mannerheim (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with notes on their feeding habits
Authors: Ashe James S.
Published: July 2010

Larvae of Placusa despecta Erichson collected in association with adults were described in detail and compared with reared larvae of Placusa tachyporoides Waltl. Illustrations of structural features and chaetotaxy are provided. These larvae are very similar to those of Euvira Sharp. These similarities are outlined and a table of features which will distinguish between larvae of these two genera is provided. Gut contents of both larvae and adults were composed of large masses of hyphae, asexual fruiting structures and similar parts of imperfect fungi. This, as well as structural evidence, strongly supports the conclusion that both adults and larvae of Placusa are primarily fungivores in the subcortical habitat.
Electrophoretic and morphometric analyses of two sibling species pairs in Trachyphloeus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Simonsen V. , Loeschcke V. , Mahler V. , Jermn L.S.
Published: July 2010

Misidentified specimens of Trachyphloeus bifoveolatus (Beck, 1817), T. angustisetulus Hansen, 1915, T. spinimanus Germar, 1824 and T. digitalis (Gyllenhal, 1827) are very frequent in weevil collections and reflect the ambiguous taxonomic status of some of these taxa. The taxonomic problems are a result of (1) sole use of traditional morphological differences, (2) the weevils' assumed parthenogenetic reproduction which prevents the use of Mayr's species concept, and (3) lack of information about their biology and genetics. Our present electrophoretic, morphometric and morphological analyses of live and dry-mounted samples of females from north and west Europe indicate that the four taxa are each genetically and morphologically distinct species. New keys which permit easy and reliable identification of the species are provided.
Praecoris dominicana gen. n., sp. n. (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Holoptilinae) from Dominican amber, with an interpretation of past behavior based on functional morphology
Authors: Poinar George O.
Published: July 2010

An ant bug of the subfamily Holoptilinae (Reduviidae: Hemiptera), Praecoris dominicana gen. n., sp. n., is described in amber from the Dominican Republic. Based on the functional morphology of extant forms, the behavior of the fossil bug as an ant predator is discussed. This find clearly establishes the Holoptilinae in the New World during the Tertiary and gives credence to the single New World extant specimen reported from Guyana. It is likely that the prey of the fossil specimen was the arboreal ant, Dolichoderus dibolia. Both the bug and its ant prey are now extinct and no descendents occur in the Greater Antilles today.
Review of the genus Styletta (Diptera: Phoridae), with description of a new genus
Authors: Gibson R.L. , Francoeur A. , Brown B.V.
Published: July 2010

Specimens of a Nearctic phorid fly, tentatively placed in the genus Styletta Borgmeier, are found to be more closely related to the genus Menozziola Schmitz. A new genus, Trucidophora Brown, is proposed for the Nearctic Region species previously described as Styletta camponoti Brown. The correct name for this taxon is now T. camponoti (Brown) (new combination). Similarly, S. ewardurskae Disney (from Europe) is transferred to Trucidophora (new combination). Third instar larva, puparium and life history information are described for T. camponoti, which is a parasitoid of alate females of Camponotus herculeanus (L.), C. novaeboracensis (Fitch) and C. pennsylvanicus (De Geer) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). We suggest that parasitism of alate female ants, which is also recorded for M. schmitzi (Menozzi) from Europe, is a further synapotypy of Menozziola and Trucidophora. Multiple parasitism may also be a synapotypy of these two genera, but too little data on other phorid life histories are available to polarize this character state correctly. The male of the Neotropical Region phorid Styletta crocea Borgmeier, the type species for that genus, is described for the first time, and the structure of the male and female terminalia are illustrated. New distribution records are given for T. camponoti, S. crocea, and North American Menozziola sp. Modifications are suggested for the Manual of Nearctic Diptera key to Phoridae to allow identification of the Nearctic Region taxa.
A new genus of marine water striders (Hemiptera, Veliidae) with five new species from Malesia
Authors: Møller Andersen N.
Published: July 2010

The generic classification of water striders belonging to the veliid subfamily Haloveliinae is discussed and revised and a key to the genera provided. A new genus of marine haloveliines, Haloveloides gen. n., is described. The type species of the new genus, H. papuensis (Esaki) comb. n., is redescribed and recorded from Papua New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomons. H. browni (Lansbury) comb. n. is redescribed and recorded from the same areas as the type species. Five new species are described in the genus: H. brevicornis sp. n. (the Moluccas, Sulawesi, Palawan), sundaensis sp. n. (Sunda shelf areas), danpolhemi sp. n. (Palawan), cornuta sp. n. (Luzon), and femoralis sp. n. (Palawan). The cladistic relationships and biogeography of the species are discussed.
On Tunagyna and Thaleria, two closely related Siberio-Nearctic spider genera (Araneida: Linyphiidae)
Authors: Marusik Yu M. , Eskov K. Yu.
Published: July 2010

The erigonine genera of obscure taxonomic affinities, Tunagyna and Thaleria, are considered as closest relatives. Tunagyna is regarded as monobasic, due to reassignment of T. antricola to Phanetta (comb. n.). Four Siberian new species (T. alnetorum sp.n., T. evenkiensis sp.n., T. sajanensis sp.n., T. sukatchevae sp.n.), as well as one Alaskan (T. leechi sp.n.), have been added to the formerly monobasic Thaleria.
Systematics of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae): cladistics, a new generic synonym, new records, and a new species from Nepal
Authors: Grimaldi David
Published: July 2010

The fly species crassipes de Meijere is transferred from the Sphaeroceridae to the Drosophilidae since Platyborborus de Meijere, a monotypic genus, is a junior synonym of Colocasiomyia de Meijere. Colocasiomyia crassipes is a very highly modified member of the genus due to its flattened body, reduction and loss of many groundplan setae, deep antennal fossae, and crassate hind legs. The holotype and only known specimen, from Java, is redescribed in detail and illustrated. New records of Colocasiomyia stamenicola (Carson & Okada) and C. gigantea (Okada) are reported from Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, considerably outside their reported ranges. Colocasiomyia nepalensis sp. n. is described from Kathmandu, Nepal. Cladistic relationships in the genus are briefly examined and related to biogeography and aroid host use.
A new key to some genera of Ceratopogonini in the Holarctic (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
Authors: Borkent Art
Published: July 2010

The most recent key identifying Nearctic genera of Ceratopogonidae by Downes & Wirth (1981) is improved with modifications and additional characters for distinguishing the genera Alluaudomyia, Brachypogon, Ceratoculicoides, Ceratopogon, Nannohelea and Rhynchohelea. Suggestions are also provided for improvements to the world key to Ceratopogonini by Wirth & Grogan (1988).
The cockroach genera Sigmella Hebard and Scalida Hebard (Dictyoptera: Blattaria: Blattellidae)
Authors: Roth Louis M.
Published: July 2010

Diagnostic characters are given for distinguishing between Scalida Hebard and Sigmella Hebard, two genera which have been considered synonyms. Most of the species discussed are redescribed, two new species of Sigmella are described, and a key is presented to separate the males of 13 species in this genus.
Review of first-instar larvae of Colymbetini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), with a key to genera and phylogenetic analysis
Authors: Nilsson Anders N. , Hilsenhoff William L.
Published: July 2010

The first-instar larva of Meladema coriacea Laporte, 1835 is redescribed, and that of Neostutopterus hornii (Crotch, 1873) is described for the first time. A generic key to first-instar larvae of Colymbetini is presented, but it does not include the monobasic New World genera Bunites Spangler and Hoperius Fall, whose young larvae are unknown. Polarity is determined for a set of 12 characters of first-instar larvae, and the distribution of character states among genera is used to reconstruct phylogeny. It suggests that Meladema Laporte and Neoscutopterus J. Balfour-Browne together form the most derived lineage of the Colymbetini, whereas Colymbetes Clairville is the least derived genus.
Tentative reconstruction of the ditrysian phylogeny (Lepidoptera: Glossata)
Authors: Minet Joel
Published: July 2010

The Ditrysia, which comprise the great majority of extant Lepidoptera, are divided into thirty superfamilies (instead of the fifteen to twenty usually recognized). Several of them are conceived in a new sense and one is newly proposed: the Choreutoidea. The Dudgeoneidae are reassigned to the Cossoidea, the Sematuridae and Uraniidae to the Geometroidea, while the Anthelidae and Lasiocampidae are placed in the Lasiocampoidea, a superfamily differing from the Bombycoidea mainly in retaining unfused prothoracic coxae in the larva. The Alucitoidea comprise the Tineodidae, Oxychirotidae and Alucitidae, and the Drepanoidea the Epicopeiidae and Drepanidae. Sister group relationships are recognized between the following superfamilies: Yponomeutoidea / Gelechioidea, Cossoidea / Sesioidea, Alucitoidea / Pterophoroidea, Hesperioidea / Papilionoidea and Drepanoidea / Geometroidea. Reliable monophyletic groups are the Mimallonoidea + Lasiocampoidea + Bombycoidea and the Hedyloidea + Rhopalocera. A few clades are suggested at a higher level, e.g. the Apoditrysia, the Obtectomera (based on two autapomorphies: pupa with fixed abdominal segments 1-4, and imago with modified pulvilli) and the Macrolepidoptera (mainly based on the shape of the first axillary sclerite in the forewing base). Several other changes are introduced: the ' Pseudocossinae' are restricted to the Madagascan genus Pseudocossus Kenrick (possibly belonging in the Brachodidae); the Macropiratinae (stat. n.) are regarded as the most primitive Pterophoridae; the Charideinae are transferred from the Zygaenidae to the Thyrididae; within the Thyrididae, the Argyrotypinae are regarded identical with the Siculodinae (syn. n.). Finally, two families are newly proposed within the Apoditrysia: the Simaethistidae (fam. n.) and Whalleyanidae (fam. n.). The superfamily relationships of these two families have not been determined.
The Ceratopogonidae (Diptera) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador with a discussion of their phylogenetic relationships and zoogeographic origins
Authors: Borkent Art
Published: July 2010

Eleven species of Ceratopogonidae are recognized on the Galápagos Islands. Four of these appear to be endemic, six are widespread occurring elsewhere on the continental Americas and one is of uncertain distributional status. One of the endemic species is described as new, Dasyhelea sinclairi Borkent. Each of the species is most closely related to taxa occurring elsewhere than on the Galápagos Islands (with one possible but unlikely exception of two of these being sister species), indicating at least ten independent invasions of the islands by the ancestors or ancestral populations of these species. It is uncertain whether the widespread species have been brought through the agency of man or through natural dispersal to the Galápagos Islands. Based on comparisons with the Ceratopogonidae fauna of oceanic islands elsewhere, the presence of endemic species only in the genera Forcipomyia and Dasyhelea on the Galápagos Islands is likely due to the superior dispersal capabilities of members of these genera. This may also explain the presence of those ceratopogonid species occurring both on the Galápagos Islands and the New World mainland.
The lithobiomorph centipedes of the Canary Islands (Chilopoda)
Authors: Enghoff H. , Eason E.H.
Published: July 2010

Eleven species of Lithobius and three of Lamyctes are recorded from the Canary Islands, Lithobius comsimilis Eason, sp. n., L. canariensis Eason, sp. n. and Lamyctes mauriesi Demange, 1981, for the first time. These three species are described. Several species are recorded as new for one or more island. A key is provided for the identification of all the species recorded.
Taxonomy of Saldula: revised genus and species group definitions, and a new species of the pallipes group from Tunisia (Heteroptera: Saldidae)
Authors: Polhemus John T. , Lindskog Per
Published: July 2010

A revised diagnosis of the genus Saldula Van Duzee based upon synapomorphic characters of male genitalia and hemelytral pigmentation patterns is given. According to this concept ca. 55% of the species World-wide currently assigned to Saldula will have to be transferred to other genera. Several new characters are employed in the definition of species and species groups. The species attributable to the pallipes species group are listed and supplemented by a brief overview of the taxonomic relationships of the Old World species. Saldula luteola sp. n. is described from coastal salt marshes on the Island of Djerba, Tunisia. It mainly appears in extremely depigmented morphs unparalleled elsewhere in the Saldidae and likely constitutes a sister-species of S. sardoa Filippi. The conspicuous intraspecific variation in body size and hemelytral pigmentation in S. palustris (Douglas), the closest relative of the former species, is depicted and briefly discussed. The descriptive accounts are accompanied by numerous photographic illustrations of somatic and genital characters.
Sex chromosome systems of European noterid beetles (Coleoptera, Adephaga: Noteridae)
Authors: Bilton D.T.
Published: July 2010

The karyotypes and sex chromosome systems of the four European species of noterid beetles are described. Chromosome preparations were made from the mid-gut and testes of adult beetles by acetic acid spreading. Canthydrus diophthalmus was found to have a chromosome compliment of 2n = 16 + XX/XY. A multiple sex chromosome system was common to the three species of Noterus investigated (2n = 18 + X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y). The behaviour of Noterus sex chromosomes during early meiosis was examined and is discussed, along with the occurrence of multiple sex chromosome systems in other Adephaga.
Revision of the cluster-flies of the Pollenia venturii species-group, with a cladistic analysis of Palaearctic species of Pollenia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: Rognes Knut
Published: July 2010

Within Pollenia Robineau-Desvoidy a venturii species-group is defined and revised. It consists of a single species P. venturii Zumpt. P. solitaria Grunin is proposed as a junior synonym. It is characterized by unique features in the male aedeagus and the lateral sacs of the internal female reproductive organs. Male and female terminalia are illustrated, the latter for the first time. A preliminary cladistic analysis of all known Palaearctic species of Pollenia (except P. japonica Kano & Shinonaga) suggests that the sister-group of P. venturii is a clade consisting of the viatica + vagabunda + amentaria + haeretica species-groups. A sclerotized internal wall of the lateral sacs in the internal reproductive system of female Pollenia appears to be a parallelism developed independently in the venturii, rudis, most members of the tenuiforceps and some members of the semicinerea groups, rather than an underlying synapomorphy. P. venturii is known from France, Germany, Greece, Italy and Russia. A key is provided to species-groups in Pollenia.
Oriental nirvanine leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae): a review of C. F. Baker's species and keys to the genera and species from Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines
Authors: Viraktamath C.A.
Published: July 2010

The type series of 18 out of 19 species of Nirvaninae described by C. F. Baker in nine genera were examined and lectotypes designated. Jassonirvana lineata Baker and Stenometopius mindanaoensis Baker are removed from the Nirvaninae as they belong to Deltocephalinae. Each of the remaining species and Kana maculata Baker (based on specimen collected from the type locality) are redescribed with respect to the male and female genitalia wherever available and are illustrated. Keys to included genera and species are also provided. Pseudonirvana Baker is treated as a junior synonym of Sophonia Walker. New combinations proposed are Sophonia marginata (Baker) (from Ophiuchus), Pactana picea (Baker) (from Kana), Nirvana sanguinolineata (Baker) and Nirvana davaoensis (Baker) (both from Pseudonirvana). The latter species is treated as a junior synonym of Nirvana philippinensis Baker. The genera Nirvanoides Baker, Pythonirvana Baker and Pactana Linnavuori are redescribed.
A reciassification of the Deronectes-group of genera (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) based on a phylogenetic study
Authors: Nilsson Anders N. , Angus Robert B.
Published: July 2010

Within the Hydroporini, the Deronectes-group of genera are characterised by having the mesosternal fork and metasternal keel separated (or secondarily fused), the ventral elytral ridge posteriorly elevated but without ligula, and the male protarsus ventrally without adhesive discs. The genera of the group, viz. Deronectes Sharp, 1882, Stictotarsus Zimmermann, 1919, Scarodytes Gozis, 1914, and Nebrioporus Regimbart, 1906, are reclassified and a hypothesis of their phylogenetic relationships is presented. Karyotypes of 14 European species of Hydroporinae are discussed. Nebrioporus is extended to include most species with parameres with apex hook-like and sclerotised, with Potamonectes Zimmermann, 1921, as a junior synonym, syn. n. Nebrioporus s. str. and Zimmermannius Guignot, 1941 are recognized as subgenera of Nebrioporus. Scarodytes is kept as a separate genus because of its characteristic ventral sculpture and seemingly higher number of autosomes than in Nebrioporus. The species with simple parameres previously placed in Potamonectes are transferred to Stictotarsus together with S. bertrandi (Legros, 1956), previously in Deronectes. Consequently, Trichonectes Guignot, 1941, is a junior subjective synonym of Stictotarsus, syn.n. In an appendix, a check-list is provided for the species of the Deronectes-group. The subgenus Nebrioporus s. str. is divided into three species-groups: the kilimandjarensis-, the abyssinicus-, and the depressus-groups.
Revision of the baetica-group of Phyllodromica in Spain (Blattaria: Blattellidae: Ectobiinae)
Authors: Bohn Horst
Published: July 2010

The baetica-group forms a very characteristic group of Phyllodromica species only occurring in the Southern Cordilleras of Spain. In addition to the three species already known (P. baetica (Bolivar), P. princisi Fernandes, P. agenjoi Harz) six new species and a new subspecies are described (P. erythrura, P. intermedia, P. krausei, P. maculosa, P. paludicola, P. striolata, P. princisi ssp. bermejae). The characteristics of the group are described and depicted, and a key for the identification of the species is given.
The genus Colobostema Enderlein (Diptera: Scatopsidae) in tropical Africa
Authors: Haenni Jean-Paul
Published: July 2010

Five new Afrotropical species of Colobostema Enderlein are described and figured: C. angulosum sp.n. (Burundi), C. autriquei sp.n. (Burundi), C. longicaudatum sp.n. (South Africa), C. martinezi sp.n. (Burundi) and C. maximum sp.n. (Madagascar); C. turneri (Duda) (S. Africa) is redescribed while Scatopse divergens Duda is removed from Colobostema. A key to the 8 known Afrotropical species of the genus is given and their affinities are briefly discussed.
A revision of the spittlebug genus Paracercopis Schmidt (Homoptera: Cercopidae)
Authors: Liang Ai-Ping
Published: July 2010

The spittlebug genus Paracercopis Schmidt is revised. Five species are recognised: P. atricapilla (Distant) comb. n.; P. bicolor sp. n. (Yunnan Province, China); P. darjilingi (Lallemand); P. fuscipennis (Haupt); and P. seminigra (Melichar) (type species). A key to species is given and all species are described and illustrated with their distributional data provided. One new generic synonymy and three new specific synonymies are presented: Paracercopis Schmidt = Esakius Ôuchi; P. atricapilla (Distant) comb. n. = E. chekiangensis Õuchi = P. transversa Lallemand & Synave, P. fuscipennis (Haupt) = E. sinensis Ôuchi. Four lectotypes are newty designated. Paracercopis fusca (Melichar) is returned to Eoscarta Breddin. Paracercopis duplicinigra Jacobi is treated as a nomen nudum.
Revision of European and North African Folsomides Stach with special emphasis on the Canarian fauna (Collembola: Isotomidae)
Authors: Fjellberg Arne
Published: July 2010

The genus Folsomides Stach, 1922 is redefined and given a narrow definition based on a limited set of consistent morphological characters: Position and distribution of tergal macrosensilla, chaetotaxy of mouth region, tibiotarsi, ventral tube and furca. Eighteen new species are described from the Canary Islands: semiparvulus sp. n., xerophilus sp. n., vinosus sp. n., cumbrosus sp. n., unicus sp. n., terrus sp. n., pocosensillatus sp. n., nigrocellatus sp. n., teno sp. n., oromii sp. n., ononicolus sp. n., graminis sp. n., famarensis sp. n., pinicolus sp. n., intermedius sp. n., tonellus sp. n., supranubius sp. n. and analuisae sp. n. The following European/African species are redescribed: parvulus Stach, portucalensis Gama, angularis (Axelson), cf. petiti Delamare, lawrencei Gers & Deharveng, cf. zairensis Martynova, nanus Ellis and centralis (Denis). Highly discriminate species characters are found in maxillary palp, tibiotarsal chaetotaxy and distribution of tergal microsensilla. A number of species are removed from Folsomides, and Subisotoma Stach, 1947 is given generic rank.
Cinara smolandiae sp. n. from Juniperus communis in Sweden and a key to the species in the subgenus Cupressobium Borner (Homoptera: Aphidoidea: Lachnidae)
Authors: Danielsson Roy , Carter Clive
Published: July 2010

The apterous and alate viviparous females of Cinara smolandiae, a new species of aphid living on Juníperus communis stems in Sweden, is described and figured. A key is given to the Cinara spp. belonging to the subgenus Cupressobium, together with comparative biological information about rostral length and feeding site of Cinara spp. on Cupressaceae.
A world catalogue of fossil and extant Corethrellidae and Chaoboridae (Diptera), with a listing of references to keys, bionomic information and descriptions of each known life stage
Authors: Borkent Art
Published: July 2010

Borkent, A.: A world catalogue of fossil and extant Corethrellidae and Chaoboridae (Diptera), with a listing of references to keys, bionomic information and descriptions of each known life stage. Ent. scand. 24: 1-24. Copenhagen, Denmark. April 1993. ISSN 0013-8711. A world list of species of fossil and extant Corethrellidae and Chaoboridae provides a catalogue of all valid names and their synonyms, original author, type-locality, type status and depository, distribution and the citation of authors who give the latest descriptions of the male adult, female adult, pupal, larval and egg stage. References to the most recent keys, descriptions, and bionomic information for each genus are also listed. A synopsis is given of the current state of systematic progress in each family. Nomenclatorial problems are also discussed. Sayomyia lanei Belkin, Heinemann & Page is a new junior synonym of Chaoborus braziliensis (Theobald), and Chaoborus annulatus Cook is recognized as a new junior synonym of C. festivus Dyar & Shannon. Corethrella kerrvillensis (Stone), Corethrella manaosensis (Lane & Cerqueira), and Chaoborus boliviensis (Lane & Heredia) are recognized as new combinations.
Remarkable stasis in some Lower Tertiary parasitoids: descriptions, new records, and review of Strepsiptera in the Oligo-Miocene amber of the Dominican Republic
Authors: Grimaldi David , Kathirithamby Jeyaraney
Published: July 2010

Kathirithamby, J. & Grimaldi, D.: Remarkable stasis in some Lower Tertiary parasitoids: descriptions, new records, and review of Strepsiptera in the Oligo-Miocene amber of the Dominican Republic. Ent. scand. 24: 31-41. Copenhagen, Denmark. April 1993. ISSN 0013-8711. 25-30 million years of parasite stasis is recorded in amber from the Dominican Republic, by the finding of a species of strepsipteran morphologically indistinguishable from Bohartilla melagognatha Kinzelbach, 1969 (Bohartillidae), and two species very close to Caenocholax fenyesi (Pierce 1909) (Myrmecolacidae). A new record is made of a species previously described from Dominican amber, Myrmecolax glaesi Kinzelbach, 1983. The history of the Tertiary strepsipteran fauna is discussed. Minimal ages of taxa are extrapolated based on these amber and other fossils, higher-level cladistic relationships, and fossil dating of major host groups. These new findings are consistent with Kinzelbach's hypotheses of an ancient, Lower Cretaceous/Jurassic origin of the Strepsiptera.
Identification of three previously unknown morphs of Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum Heikinheimo (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Spitsbergen
Authors: Coulson S.J. , Block W.C. , Webb N.R. , Bale J.S. , Hodkinson I.D. , Strathdee A.T.
Published: July 2010

Strathdee, A. T. et al.: Identification of three previously unknown morphs of Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum Heikinheimo (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on Spitsbergen. Ent. scand. 24: 43-47. Copenhagen, Denmark. April 1993. ISSN 0013-8711. Descriptions are given of the previously unknown fundatrix, oviparous female and apterous male of Acyrthosiphon svalbardicum Heikinheimo. The host plant is Dryas octopetala L. The systematic relationship is discussed.
The mouthparts of Ancyla and the reduction of the labiomaxillary complex among long-tongued bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea)
Authors: Silveira Fernando A.
Published: July 2010

The short mouthparts of Ancyla oraniensis Lepeletier are described and illustrated for the first time, and are briefly compared with those of Tarsalia ancyliformis Popov. The other known genera of long-tongued bees with shortened proboscides are pointed out. In all of them the glossa has become shorter than the prementum and the galeal blade shorter than the stipes; the two basal segments of the labial palpi have been shortened and the posterior surface of the glossa has been exposed. These features make these labiomaxillary structures very similar to those of typical short-tongued bees. It is suggested that, for bees feeding exclusively in shallow flowers or in food stored in nests, there might be advantages in having the short-tongued type of mouthparts.
A review of the Oriental species of Dnopherula Karsch (Orthoptera: Acrididae)
Authors: Ingrisch Sigfrid
Published: July 2010

The Oriental species of the genus Dnopherula, prior to Jago (1971) known as Aulacobothrus, are revised from material in European collections. Nine species and subspecies are redescribed and extensively figured from type material. D. taeniatus (Bolívar, 1902), formerly regarded a synonym of D. luteipes (Walker, 1871), is re-estaolished as a good species. D. physopoda (Navás, 1904) becomes a new synonym of D. taeniatus (Bolívar, 1902), and D. collinus (Uvarov, 1929) a new synonym of D. bolivari (Uvarov, 1921); the status of D. infernus (Bolívar, 1902) is reduced to subspecific level under D. luteipes (Walker, 1871). Bidentacris Zheng, 1982, and Parvibothrus Yin, 1984, become new generic synonyms of Dnopherula Karsch, 1896. The systematic status and possible synonymy of species described in recent years from China, Nepal and India under the generic names Dnopherula, Bidentacris or Parvibothrus are discussed according to the descriptions. But no taxonomic changes are made, as the type material was not studied.
Revision of the tribe Hydarini in the Oriental region (Hemiptera, Heteroptera: Coreidae)
Authors: Brailovsky H.
Published: July 2010

The tribe Hydarini StÅl (Coreidae) from the Oriental region is revised: seven species in four genera are recognized, of which Hydarella chiangdaoensis from Thailand and Laos and H. sundae from the Lesser Sunda Islands are newly described. A key to the known taxa is given and new records are added which extend the distributional range of the Hydarini from China in the north to the Lesser Sunda Islands in the south.
Homology and phylogenetic implications of male genitalia in Diptera - Lower Brachycera
Authors: Sinclair Bradley J. , Gumming Jeffrey M. , Monty Wood D.
Published: July 2010

Homology of male genitalic structures in the lower Brachycera is examined and implications for the phylogenetic relationships of the included families are discussed in light of other characters. The following character states belong to the ground plan of the Brachycera: the aedeagus is enclosed in a parameral sheath; the sperm pump possesses paired articulated lateral sclerites, and a large ejaculatory apodeme with a terminal endoaedeagal process; the epandrium and hypandrium are separate; the hypandrium is separate from the gonocoxites; and the gonostyli articulate and move in the horizontal plane. The placement of Heterostomus in Xylophagomorpha is supported, based on modifications of the sperm pump. The presence ofaedeagal tines suggests that Bolbomyia, which is currently placed in the Rhagionidae, may be more closely related to Athericidae + Tabanidae. The expanded first segment of the female cercus supports the monophyly of the Tabanomorpha, including Vermileonidae. The transfer of the Pantophthalmidae to the Stratiomyomorpha is confirmed on the basis of modifications of the sperm pump. The Stratiomyomorpha is hypothesized to be the sister group of the Muscomorpha (sensu Woodley 1989) based on the apomorphic development of a composite structure termed the phallus. The monophyly of the Muscomorpha is supported by gonostyli that articulate and move obliquely or dorsoventrally. The presence of acanthophorites in females is considered apomorphic for the Heterodactyla (Bombyliidae + Asiloidea + Eremoneura). Bombyliidae (exclusive of Mythicomyiinae and Heterotropus) is defined on the basis of reduced gonocoxal apodemes. Gonostyli retracted to a subapical position and a hinged larval metacephalic rod are considered apomorphic for the Asiloidea (exclusive of Bombyliidae) + Eremoneura. Hilarimorpha and Apystomyia are removed from the Bombyliidae based on the subapical placement of the gonostyli, and together with Apsilocephala are placed as incertae sedis in Therevidae. Apiocera is considered the sister group to the remaining apiocerids + Mydidae on the basis of absence of gonostyli and lateral ejaculatory processes in the latter lineage.
Phylogenetic analysis of Gyrinidae based on characters of the larval head (Coleoptera: Adephaga)
Authors: Beutel R.G. , Roughley R.E.
Published: July 2010

Characters of the head of larvae of Gyrinidae were examined and evaluated phylogenetically. The groundplan of the family cannot be reconstructed as long as the larvae of Spanglerogyrus are unknown. The monophyly of Gyrinidae or Gyrininae is demonstrated by several autapomorphies such as the absence of a tentorial bridge and a completely divided prementum. Gyrinidae are the sistergroup of all other Adephaga. Partial reduction of the maxillary fossa, palpiform maxilla, and loss of one stipitopalpal muscles are synapomorphies of Adephaga excl. Gyrinidae. Presence of a series of small hooks proximal to the lacinia, and elongation of the prepharynx are possible autapomorphies of Gyrinini. The monophyly of the enhydrine genera + Orectochilini is supported by strong elongation of antennomeres and palpomeres, an improved mandibular channel, vestigial or absent retinaculum, and by a specialized prepharyngeal filter apparatus. The monophyly of Dineutus + Andogyrus + Macrogyrus is suggested by the extreme elongation of the cardines. Orectochilini are characterized by the presence of tormae and the absence of clypeolabral teeth.
A taxonomic review of the pondskater genus Gerris Fabricius in China, with two new species (Hemiptera: Gerridae)
Authors: M∅LLER ANDERSEN N. , Chen Ping-Ping
Published: July 2010

A taxonomic review of all species of the pondskater genus Gerris Fabricius known from China (including Taiwan and Hong Kong) is presented with descriptions of two new species, Gerris (Gerriselloides) lundbladi sp. n. from Sichuan, China, and G. (Gerris) lobatus sp. n. from Sichuan and Tibet, China. A lectotype is selected for Gerris lepcha Distant and its synonymy of G. gracilicornis (Horváth) is verified. The status of G. (Gerriselloides) tigrinus Brown and G. (Gerris) sahlbergi Distant as separate species are confirmed. Keys for the identification of the genera of Gerrinae and all species of Gerris occurring in China are presented.
First Palaearctic and Oriental records of the orthoclad genus Antillocladius Sæther (Diptera: Chironomidae)
Authors: Xinhua Wang  , Sæther Ole A.
Published: July 2010

Two new species, from Palaearctic and Oriental China, Antillocladius scalpellatus sp. n. and A. zhengi sp. n. are described as male imagines. Both belong in the pluspilalus group.
Tenebrionidae from Dominican amber (Coleoptera)
Authors: Doyen John T. , Poinar George O.
Published: July 2010

Only few fossil Tenebrionidae have been described, mostly from Baltic amber (see Spahr 1981). The only fossils described from the New World appear to be a few species from Florissant shales (Wickham 1913; 1914a, b), those from the California asphalt deposits (Doyen & Miller 1980) and a single species from Dominican amber (Kaszab & Schawaller 1984). Based on Wickham's description and illustrations, the fragmentary fossils he placed in or near extant genera may be ascribed to Tenebrionidae only with uncertainty. In contrast, the Tenebrionidae from the California asphalts all clearly represent species which occur in the immediate area today, and are probably best regarded as subfossils. Screening of many thousands of Dominican amber inclusions has gradually resulted in the accumulation of 29 species of Tenebrionidae, represented by 50 specimens. The account which follows possibly represents the most comprehensive taxonomic survey of any large insect family known to occur in Dominican amber.
The southern Palearctic genus Enneastigma Stein (Diptera: Anthomyiidae): Taxonomy of Mediterranean species, phylogeny and ancestral areas analysis
Authors: Michelsen Verner
Published: July 2010

Enneastigma is a small genus of myopinine anthomyiids which comprises five species in the Mediterranean subregion (E. compressum Stein, E. rarum sp. n., E. rufitibia sp. n., E. triplex Loew, E. triseriatum Stein) and two species in SE Palearctic part of China (E. pilosiventrosum Fan & Chen, E. shanghaiensis Fan & Chen). All species appear to be univoltine and only active during the cooler parts of the season. The larvae may all be coprophagous. The Mediterranean species are revised with keys to males and females and illustrated descriptions of males, females and eggs. One lectotype is designated. A cladistic analysis was conducted which also included the Chinese species. This resulted in a single, most parsimonious phylogeny. The resulting area cladogram was used to assess the alternative methods for estimating ancestral areas as proposed recently by K. Bremer and F. Ronquist. It is concluded that the best results are obtained by using a refined Ronquist analysis.
Redescription and lectotype designation of Hymenaphorura sibirica (Tullberg, 1876) (Collembola: Onychiuridae)
Authors: Weiner Wanda Maria , Fjellberg Arne
Published: July 2010

The original material of Hymenaphorura sibirica (Ibllberg) was examined and a redescription of the species is presented. A lectotype is designated.
The beetle-mimicking cockroach genera Prosoplecta and Areolaria, with a description of Tomeisneria furthi gen. n., sp. n. (Blattellidae: Pseudophyllodromiinae)
Authors: Roth Louis M.
Published: July 2010

Based on front leg armament, wing venation, and male subgenital plate and genitalia, the buprestid-like cockroach genus Areolaria is synonymized with the coccinellid/chrysomelid/ generalized beetle-like genus Prosoplecta. Tomeisneria furthi, a new genus and species of coccinellidlike cockroach from New Guinea is described. The genera are placed in the Blattellidae: Pseudophyllodromiinae.
A new genus of Aeshnini (Odonata: Aeshnidae) from the Andes, with description of a new species
Authors: De Marmels Jürg
Published: July 2010

Andaeschna gen. n. is established for three neotropical species currently assigned to Aeshna (Aeshna s.str.) Fabricius: Andaeschna unicolor (Martin, 1908) comb. n., A. rufipes (Ris, 1918) comb. n., and A. andresi (Racenis, 1958) comb. n. (type species). A fourth species, Andaeschna timotocuica sp. n., is described from Venezuela. The male lectotype of A. unicolor is redescribed. Andaesehna shares some peculiar character states with the Old World species 'Anaciaeschna' isoceles (Müller, 1767), but a close phylogenetic relationship between the two can not be demonstrated convincingly, and the true generic affiliation of the latter is unknown.
Cytological identities of Simulium tuberosum and S. vulgare (Diptera: Simuliidae), with notes on other Palearctic members of the S. tuberosum species-group
Authors: Kuusela Kalevi , Adler Peter H.
Published: July 2010

Cytological studies of Simulium tuberosum s.l. from the type locality in northern Finland demonstrate the presence of three reproductively isolated species. One of these species, here designated FGIO, has not previously been described cytologically, whereas the remaining two cytospecies, AB and FGI, are both well known from North America and Norway. FGIO differs from its close relative, FGI, by one fixed inversion in IIS, one in IIL, and a unique sequence in the distal half of IIIL. Morphological characters of the larvae corroborate the cytological evidence for three distinct species. On the basis of morphological evidence, we suggest that AB is true S. tuberosum (Lundström) and FGI is S. vulgare Dorogostaisky, Rubtsov & Vlasenko. The identity of FGIO remains unknown, although it might be S. tumulosum Rubtsov. Morphological and chromosomal notes on S. tuberosum s.l. from Germany and England are also given; we suggest that the species known from England as S. tuberosum is actually unnamed. Overall, our study provides a blueprint for dealing with nominal taxa that are shown to be composites of sibling species.
Description of the preimaginal stages of Dactylosternum cacti (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae, Sphaeridiinae)
Authors: Archangelsky Miguel
Published: July 2010

The immature stages of Dactylosternum cacti (LeConte, 1855) are described, and information on the biology of this species is included. The larva of this species is compared to a larva associated with adults of Dactylosternum subrotundum (Fabricius, 1792) from Brazil; differences between both larvae raise questions about their congenerity.
Cretaceous weevils from southern Africa, with description of a new genus and species and phylogenetic and zoogeographical comments (Coleoptera: Curculionoidea)
Authors: Rayner R.J. , Kuschel G. , OBERPRIELER R.G.
Published: July 2010

The mid-Cretaceous weevil fossils from the Orapa Diamond Mine in Botswana are studied, and a new genus and species, Orapaeus cretaceus Kuschel & Oberprieler, is described. This fossil genus is placed in the tribe Eurhynchini of Brentidae and compared with the two extant genera of the tribe. With the discovery of Orapaeus, the family Brentidae can, for the first time, be traced back to Cretaceous times, and there is evidence that the brentid subfamilies and perhaps also the tribes were already differentiated by the Middle Cretaceous. By contrast, the modern families of angiosperm plants were evidently not yet established by then. In consideration of the palaeoflora of Orapa, it is concluded that the environment probably was tropical and the area well vegetated, but that no clues are present as to the likely hostplant(s) of Orapaeus. The differences between Orapaeus and the extant Eurhynchini suggest that the fossil insect fauna of Orapa is generally assignable to extinct forms, and these differences do not support a hypothesis of prolonged evolutionary stasis.
Types of Flatidae (Homoptera) in the Stockholm Museum with lectotype designations. Part 2
Authors: Medler John T.
Published: July 2010

Lectotypes and paralectotypes are designated for species of flatid planthoppers described by Jacobi, Haglund, Melichar, and Stal. The genitalia of lectotype males are illustrated. New synonyms (junior synonym first) are established as follows: Flatoidinus obscurus Metcalf & Bruner = Flatoides dotatus Melichar (Flatoidinus); Ormenis obtusa Melichar and O. stupida Melichar = Ormenis media Melichar (Anormenis); Poeciloptera sinuatipennis StÅl = Phalaenomorpha sinuatipennis StÅl (Dascalia); Poeciloptera fallaciosa StÅl and P. fuscoconspersa StÅl = Poeciloptera antiqua StÅl (Paradascalia); Mesophylla marginata Jacobi = Mesophylla correcta Melichar (Phylliana); Euphanta insignis Lallemand = Hypsiphanta minax Jacobi; Burnix Medler = Hypsiphanta Jacobi. New status: Cerynia incurva Melichar, not a variety of Flata albata StÅl; Ormenis indigena Melichar, not a synonym of Ormenis fuscomarginata Melichar (Melicharia); Flatoides insularis (Melichar), not a variety of Flata tortrix Guérin-Méneville.
A Cuban Megaselia species (Diptera: Phoridae) with wing-spots
Authors: Wakeford T. , Disney R.H.L.
Published: July 2010

A description of Megaselia dickoni sp. n., a striking species of phorid from Cuba, is provided. It is clearly distinguished from previously described Megaselia and from other Phoridae with wing-spots.
Revision of the Lipotactinae, a new subfamily of Tettigonioidea (Ensifera)
Authors: Ingrisch Sigfrid
Published: July 2010

The Oriental tettigonioid genera Lipotactes and Mortoniellus were formerly included in the Australian subfamily Tympanophorinae. The genera however differ from Tympanophora by the tuberculate thoracic sterna, the small thoracic auditory spiracle, the compressed protibia, the spination of pro- and mesotibiae, the shape of the pronotum, and the possession of styli on the male subgenital plate. The erection of a new subfamily, Lipotactinae, is proposed to include Lipotactes and Mortoniellus. Mortoniellus is retained as a valid genus, but its differences from Lipotactes are redefined. The genera differ in the shape of the frons, the position of the fastigium verticis and the sculpturation of the pronotum. The species are revised. L. hamatus (Karny, 1931) comb. n. and L. sinicus (Bei-Bienko, 1959) comb. n. are transferred to Lipotactes, M. azuriventer (Karny, 1924) comb. n. to Mortoniellus, M. concolor Kästner, 1933 stat. n. is upgraded to species level, M. chopardi Zeuner, 1936 syn. n. becomes a new synonym of M. karnyi Griffini, 1909. Eight species are new to science: L. siebersi sp. n., L. virescens sp. n., L. longicauda sp. n., L. minutus sp. n., L. sulcatus sp. n., M. ovatus sp. n., M. macrognathus sp. n. and M. parvus sp. n. As a result, Lipotactes contains now 14, Mortoniellus 7 species. A key to the species and a distribution map is given. Information on stridulation of some of the species is also provided.