bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osebno izkustvo v sodobni slovenski in ameriški poeziji
Authors: Pavlič Darja
Published: November 2019

V članku izhajam iz razumevanja lirike kot subjektivne literarne vrste, ki omogoča predstavljanje osebnih izkustev, tj. čustev, misli in čutnih doživljajev. Primerjava med slovensko in ameriško poezijo po drugi svetovni vojni pokaže, da je izpovedni način v obeh ostal stalnica do današnjega časa, pri čemer je lirski jaz v ameriškem prostoru deležen ostrejših in stalnih kritik. Delitev na konvencionalno (mainstreamovsko) in eksperimentalno poezijo, vse do pred kratkim značilna za ameriške literarnozgodovinske preglede, se v Sloveniji ni uveljavila, saj eksperimentalna poezija tu ni razvila svojega literarnega sistema. Pojem hibridna poezija, ameriški poskus preseganja binarnega modela, pa je mogoče vseeno uporabiti tudi za nekatere slovenske pesmi. Kot primer pesmi, ki sledi romantičnemu ali lirskemu modelu, analiziram pesem »Lakota« Jureta Jakoba. Kot ameriški zgled hibridnosti predstavljam pesem »Exercise 34 (1/3/02 PM)« Catherine Wagner in jo primerjam s pesmijo »Tehno« Ane Pepelnik. V obeh gre za spoj izpovedovanja in nekonvencionalnega sloga. Na vprašanje, zakaj ima izpovedovanje osebnega izkustva v sodobni slovenski in ameriški poeziji osrednjo vlogo, odgovorim s predlogom, da ga prepoznamo kot univerzalen in hkrati zgodovinsko pogojen pesniški postopek.
Parenetična retorika v govorih In Matthaeum Janeza Krizostoma: diatriba, lalija, protreptik
Authors: Bogataj Jan Dominik
Published: November 2019

Razprava na primeru rabe literarnih žanrov moralne ekshortacije v govorih Janeza Krizostoma (347–407) problematizira odnos med klasično in krščansko retoriko v pozni antiki. Najprej identificira prvine diatribe, lalije in protreptika kot retoričnih zvrsti parenetične in simbolevtične (psihogoške) narave – ki jih je deloma že poznala klasična grška retorika, deloma pa se razvijejo v krogih poznoantičnih (helenističnih) filozofov in retoričnih teoretikov – in so najbolj vplivali na Krizostomovo ekshortativno eksegezo. V drugem delu razprave avtor v treh reprezentativnih homilijah In Matthaeum (Hom. 1, 7, 23) pokaže, v kakšni meri so obravnavane zvrsti vplivale na Krizostomovo elocutio. S tem poda nov pogled glede vpliva poganske retorike na največjega retorja krščanske antike, ki po eni strani za podajanje moralnega nauka prevzame prvine številnih zvrsti, po drugi pa z njihovo pomočjo izoblikuje svojski slog, s katerim nagovarja svoje poslušalstvo.
Orwell’s 1984 in Pekić’s 1999: Intertextual Relations
Authors: Sekulović Maja
Published: November 2019

This paper examines intertextual relations between two dystopian novels – Borislav Pekić’s anthropological account entitled 1999 and George Orwell’s 1984. In postmodernism, the literary movement which Pekić’s oeuvre belongs to in terms of poetic principles, intertextual dialogue is very active and dominant. I argue that Orwell’s novel serves as a proto-text or an inspiration for Pekić in constructing his own narrative. This is particularly reflected in the conceptual organization of key elements of the narrative structure such as chronotope and characters. The dominant spatial structure taken over from Orwell is the Golden Country, a pasture where all important events in the novel take place. Similarly, the prominent temporal determinant, i.e. the year 1999, becomes a symbol just as it is the case with 1984. As regards the constructs of the plot, i.e. the characters, it is proposed that Pekić’s Arno and the mole emerge as counterparts to Orwell’s Winston and O’Brien. The chronotope of meeting, along with the resonant sentences “We shall meet in the place where there is no darkness” and “We shall meet when flowers bloom again,” is a constant in both narrative structures. Regarding personality traits, Pekić’s last man in the world, i.e. Arno, is well-matched with Winston, Orwell’s last man. Both are modelled as aloof, lonely in their lives and ideas, and as individuals juxtaposed with the group. Furthermore, Pekić treats the motifs of love, history and rats similarly to the way Orwell does. Love fails to ensure the survival of humankind, historical facts are misrepresented, while the motif of rats metaphorically represents danger inboth texts.
Translating the Untranslatable: Walter Benjamin and Homi Bhabha
Authors: Biti Vladimir
Published: November 2019

Since Homi Bhabha introduced the notion of “cultural translation” in the penultimate chapter of his Location of Culture, translation no longer implies the overcoming of existing differences between cultures. In his peculiar interpretation, it becomes a process that initiates cultural differences in the same way as life, for instance, incessantly diversifies its creatures. As these differences follow from translation, rather than precede it, cultures are conceived as hybrid and in-between rather than pure and autonomous entities. It is this characteristics of cultures that, in Bhabha’s understanding, renders them untranslatable. A culture cannot assimilate into another culture without maintaining its internal difference and it cannot liberate itself from another culture without having embodied this culture’s trace. In the final analysis, his idea of “cultural translation desacralizes the … assumptions of cultural supremacy” by undoing the asymmetry between languages that for long centuries accompanied the Western practice of translation. The thesis that I want to propose is that, in this context, Bhabha’s engagement of the notion of untranslatability, introduced by Walter Benjamin in his 1923 essay “The Task of the Translator,” acquires a special significance. It establishes a clandestine “elective affinity” between the two thinkers who, doomed to cope with the traumatic constellations of their respectively post-imperial and postcolonial age, attempt to disengage these ages’ political asymmetries.
Déclencher, représenter, restituer : le théâtre comme méthode géographique
Authors: Landrin Lise
Published: November 2019

Quelles sont aujourd’hui les méthodes dont disposent les géographes pour s’engager dans une recherche participative de terrain ? Avec le renouvellement scientifique d’un discours postcolonial et féministe, des méthodes créatives se sont multipliées pour créer des alternatives à la ‘fabrique’ des autres. Toutefois, dans ce tournant de postures et de méthodes, il faut s’étonner de ne pas voir figurer le théâtre dans la boîte à outils des géographes. Ce manque est d’autant plus étonnant que nos rapports à l’espace sont façonnés par des rôles dans une organisation presque scénique du quotidien, similaire en ce sens à certaines logiques de théâtralité. Le théâtre en tant que pratique expressive des corps permet l’élaboration de nouveaux régimes discursifs et constitue en soi une forme de représentation du monde. Cet article interroge les fondements et les atouts d’une méthode de terrain basée sur le « théâtre déclencheur » : une pratique artistique qui permet d’objectiver et de transformer des contraintes sociales par la médiation de la scène. Après avoir présenté le renouvellement épistémologique qui fait une place au théâtre en tant qu’outil géographique, ce papier détaille les termes d’un protocole expérimental avant de discuter ce que ladite méthode scientifique a permis de découvrir dans un terrain d’étude népalais entre Mars 2017 et Mai 2018.
Les racines agraires d’un entrepreneuriat capitaliste
Authors: Kaya Alp Yücel
Published: November 2019

Originaires de Venise et de l’île de Chio, les Baltazzi s’installent à Izmir au milieu du xviiie siècle. Ils sont connus plutôt par leurs affaires commerciales et financières. Leur activité économique change pourtant de phase avec les Tanzimat et atteint leur apogée dans l’Empire ottoman au cours des années 1840. Cette phase, qui dure jusqu’aux années 1870, montrent les investissements agraires des Baltazzi gagnant de l’ampleur dans l’arrière-pays d’Izmir. En dépit des difficultés administratives pour les sujets étrangers pour devenir propriétaires dans l’espace urbain et rural, leurs liens étroits avec les maîtres des Tanzimat leur évitent les embarras habituels.
« L’affaire Cirioni »
Authors: Houssaye Michienzi Ingrid
Published: November 2019

En 1405, Giovanni Cirioni, employé de la compagnie d’affaires de Francesco Datini, monta à bord d’une embarcation dans le port toscan de Piombino pour inciter le scribe du navire à changer la marque commerciale apposée sur un fardeau de soie et à modifier le nom de son propriétaire sur le registre de bord. La fraude fut découverte, et un procès fut instruit. Cette affaire et d’autres documents glanés dans la correspondance commerciale, contribuent à lever le voile sur les pratiques de marchands florentins qui, au sein de systèmes fiscaux organisés, et à la limite du licite et de l’illicite, manipulaient les cadres légaux pour leur propre profit.
Organizational, Administrative Support, Networking, and Computer Architecture for Deploying Web-Based Educational Audiovisual Services
Authors: Charidimou Dimos Savvas
Published: November 2019

This chapter will try to present the current standards in development, recording, saving, coding, playing, and broadcasting of audiovisual streaming material through the internet by utilising the services of the worldwide web with a LMS. Also, the authors focus on the standards required for the sharing of multimedia information and data, as well as the interactive applications of the online educational television and the broadcasting of large amounts of mutimedia data material. In addition, an experimental video footage depicted on the AUTh was made, during which the desktop was recorded with the presentation of the professor using the software and logistic equipment of the AUTh. With this technique, the authors created videos and vibrant interactive lectures with minimal training at no cost but at the same time with a very good visual and audible outcome. The ultimate goal was to create interactive educational videos that can help to achieve more effective learning for learners.
Quality Management Approach to Workload and Performance Evaluation
Authors: Zabalawi Eman A.
Published: November 2019

Literature suggests that many organizations have realized both savings and growth by implementing total quality management as an evolution that contributed to the development of principles and practices, the tools, and techniques for continual improvement to partners as employees, customers, suppliers, and owners. This chapter is spotting a correlation in the planning stage process-centered approach and its effect on employee workload design.
Artificial Intelligence for Evaluating the Mental Workload of Air Traffic Controllers
Authors: Shmelova Tetiana , Sikirda Yuliya
Published: November 2019

In this chapter, the authors propose the application of artificial intelligence (namely expert system and neural network) for estimating the mental workload of air traffic controllers while working at different control centers (sectors): terminal control center, approach control center, area control center. At each air traffic control center, air traffic controllers will perform the following procedures: coordination between units, aircraft transit, climbing, and descending. So with the help of the artificial intelligence (AI) and its branches expert system and neural network, it is possible to estimate the mental workload of dispatchers for a different number of aircraft, compare the workload intensity of the air traffic control sectors, and optimize the workload between sectors and control centers. The differentiating factor of an AI system from a standard software system is the characteristic ability to learn, improve, and predict. Real dispatchers, students, graduate students, and teachers of the National Aviation University took part in these researches.
Online Mathematics Teacher Education
Authors: Chauvot Jennifer , Pape Stephen J. , Prosser Sherri K. , Hicks Kimberly
Published: November 2019

In this chapter, the authors describe two online programs that sought to impact teachers' content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and instructional practices in K-12 classrooms. One program was a master's program for middle grades science and mathematics teachers, and the other was a yearlong professional development program for third- through fifth-grade general and special education teachers. They share the theoretical perspectives that informed the design and implementation of the programs and outcomes from each program. Examples of learning activities from each of the programs are provided. The authors contend that deliberate, theoretically-based design and implementation of online professional development programs with science and mathematics teachers is not only viable but also vital in supporting teachers' ongoing knowledge growth of learner-centered instruction.
Online Mathematics Teacher Professional Development
Authors: Nite Sandra B. , Bicer Ali
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to describe an online learning environment that has been used for professional development with mathematics teachers and can be used for pre-service teacher education. The description of the Blackboard Learn and Blackboard Collaborate combination for the mathematics teacher education enables teachers to collaboratively engage in inquiry, reasoning and justification, and technology integration as participants. In addition, teachers can have opportunities to discuss various ways to incorporate these ideas more fully into their instructional practices.
Educational Attainment of Children and Socio-Economical Differences in Contemporary Society
Authors: Subramaniam Kannan
Published: November 2019

Access to education for all has been restricted due to the rigid socio-economic structures prevalent in different parts of the world. Almost every nation promotes equality in education for all in the age group of 6 to 14 years. Many international agencies and non-governmental organizations are working to improve the access to education in the developing and under-developed nations. Some of the nations have improved the child enrollment ratio, and some of the nations are lagging in spite of well-framed policies, legislative measures, and the involvement of non-governmental organizations. In this context, the chapter examines the influence of social structure on child educational attainment and its interaction from a social capital perspective. Finally, the study will provide suggestions and recommendations to the existing policies to overcome the socio-economic differences in child education from a global perspective.
Privatization of Education in Contemporary Society
Authors: Giavrimis Panagiotis Efstratios
Published: November 2019

Shadow education school, as an institution in Greece, was established at the beginning of the last century. The chapter explores the impact of shadow education on the Greek educational system, learning, and on transforming public education in consumer products. A qualitative research was conducted, attempting to document Greek young adults' opinions on shadow education and the reasons they are led to it. Forty-four structured interviews were received from 11 men and 33 women. The results showed that the liberalization of education during recent decades has been accurately implemented in the institution of shadow education. Restrictive and maladapted educational policies and decisions on needs have exacerbated the purposes of shadow education development and have highlighted the exchange value of the individuals' objectified cultural capital.
Sociological Perspectives on Migrant Children's Education
Authors: Castillo Dante , Vega-Muñoz Alejandro
Published: November 2019

This chapter aims to analyze from a sociological perspective the process of schooling for migrant children based on the observed relationships among students in order to provide inputs to strengthen the dynamics of the Chilean inclusive school system. Its thematic relevance lies in the social impact on minorities of social exclusion in their school experience and its impact on social integration. Through a qualitative approach in five communes of the Santiago metropolitan area (Chile) that concentrate a high migrant population (Bolivian, Colombian, Dominican, Haitian, and Peruvian), the results show the complex social and school reality associated with migration and permanence in the formal school system and migrant group inclusion difficulties in the daily dynamics.
Mommy Knows?
Authors: Das Madhurima
Published: November 2019

Globalization and its imminent effect on education have received attention in recent years. Less widely acknowledged is the discussion of the role of middle-class mothers who are stuck amidst the changes in their children's education and future. With the aid of in-depth face-to-face interviews and extensive participant observation in Kolkata, this chapter examines how middle-class mothers resort to commercial solutions to help manage their crisis in a neoliberal India. The crisis managers in the form of “mom-schooling” agencies support and coach mothers to negotiate with the changing education system and parenting methods that have become highly Americanized. In this chapter, the author uses Bourdieu's theory of conversion of capital to argue that mothers in Kolkata are acting as “converters” of capital with the help of commercial mom-schools by converting economic capital to a distinct form of cultural capital that they transfer to their children for the latter's success in a global economy.
Raising Authentic Children in the Modern World
Authors: Karabay Sakire Ocak , Arici Sena
Published: November 2019

Authenticity can be defined as the basic element of a meaningful, unique, and special life. Authentic individuals are the people who are interested in life, open to new experiences, curious and creative in their lives, and enjoy the moment. The basis of the authentic and creative selves in children go back to the early childhood period. The authenticity, creativity, and flexibility of the children are formed not only with the efforts of families but also those of teachers, educators, administrators, and politicians. Adults should stay away from uniform and standard products and activities not to waste their children's valuable time and not to let their children spend time with non-functional and non-artistic activities. It is suggested that adults had better enrich their children's creative visions by giving them various opportunities for authentic experiences. The main purpose of this chapter is to create and increase awareness in people by discussing the importance of the roles of people who are involved in raising children who will contribute to the improvement of the future world.
Culturally Restorative Instruction
Authors: Revell Mike D.
Published: November 2019

Although the findings from a 2018 Rand Corporation study reported that restorative practices positively influenced classroom and school-wide socio-emotional attainments, it, however, had little impact upon advancing the academic outcomes of learners of color. The source of this regression emerges through the feedback reported from teachers interviewed. Their feedback revealed that a “lack of time” constrained the development of restorative practices in the classroom. This occurs as the time needed to develop the community through restorative practices was made to compete against the time needed to deliver core academic instruction. As such, the conditions that influence the student's learning are isolated from the conditions that influence the teacher's teaching. This dichotomy routes the routine of planning, preparing, organizing, and executing restorative practices as happing either “TO” or “FOR” rather than “WITH” the delivery of core academic instruction and “THROUGH” epistemological inclinations of culturally-responsive teaching practices.
Fostering Early Entrepreneurial Competencies
Authors: Floris Michela , Dettori Angela
Published: November 2019

This chapter contributes to the debate around whether acquiring entrepreneurial competencies is the main driver of the promotion and development of an entrepreneurial spirit and a sense of initiative. To do this, this chapter investigates the effects of early entrepreneurship education in non-cognitive entrepreneurial skills, such as creativity, innovation, risk taking, and other relevant soft skills. Specifically, this chapter examines the preliminary results of action research carried out on primary school students. The findings of this research reveal interesting insights and shed light on new teaching methods and perspectives that create a funny learning environment enriched by a cooperative climate and proactive behaviors in children.
Recent Trends in Cold Storage Systems
Authors: N. Kapilan
Published: November 2019

The cold storage is a big room or commercial building used to store perishable items like vegetables, fruits, fish, milk products, meat, etc. under controlled conditions where temperature, humidity, etc. are controlled for a longer duration. Different types of cold storages are available and selection of cold storage is based on the application. In recent years, solar hybrid cold storage systems are getting popular due to lower operating cost and reduced greenhouse gas emissions. Also, thermal energy storage systems with phase change materials are being used in cold storage systems. The new technologies are developed to reduce the energy consumption of cold storage systems. The quality of the perishable items stored in the cold storage may be retained by applying nano coating on the fruits. This chapter reviews cold storage systems, elements of cold storage, design of cold storage, application of phase change and nano particles in cold storage system.
Optoelectronic Properties of Fluorine and Cobalt Co-Doped Tin Oxide Thin Films Deposited by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Houaidji Naoual , Ajili Mejda , Chouial Baghdadi , Kamoun-Turki Najoua , Kamli Kenza , Khadraoui Asma , Zaidi Beddiaf , Hadjoudja Bouzid , Chibani Alloua , Hadef Zakaria
Published: November 2019

Transparent conducting Cobalt-fluorine co-doped tin oxide (SnO2: (Co, F)) thin filmswere deposited onto preheated glass substrates using the chemical spray pyrolysis method. The ([Co2+]/[Sn4+]) atomic concentration ratio (y)in the spray solution was varied between 0 and 5 at. %. The structural, electrical, optical and photoluminescence properties of these films were studied. It is found that the thin films are polycrystalline with a tetragonal crystal structure corresponding to SnO2 phase having a preferred orientation along the (200) plane. Transmission and reflection spectra reveal the presence of interference fringes indicating thickness uniformity and surface homogeneity of the deposited thin films. The electrical resistivity (ρ), volume carrier concentration density (Nv), surface carrier concentration density (Ns) and Hall mobility (μ) of the synthesized thin films were determined from the Hall Effect measurements in the Van der Paw-configuration and the following results were obtained: n-type conductivity in all deposited films, a low resistivity of 1.16×10-2 Ω.cm, and a high Hall mobility of 15.13×102 cm2.V-1.s-1with Co concentration equals to 3 at. %. These results show that the electrical properties of these thin films where greatly improved making them suitable as ohmic contact in photovoltaic application devices.
Dielectrophoretic Assembly of Aluminum Nitride (AlN) Single Nanowire Deep Ultraviolet Photodetector
Authors: Teker Kasif
Published: November 2019

High UV-light sensitivity, fast response, and low power consumption are the most important features of nanowire-based devices for new applications in photodetectors, optical switches, and image sensors. Single AlN nanowire deep ultraviolet (UV) photodetector has been fabricated utilizing very high-quality AlN nanowires through a very practical dielectrophoretic assembly scheme. The low-voltage (≤ 3 V) operating UV photodetector has selectively shown a high photocurrent response to the 254 nm UV light. Furthermore, the photocurrent transients have been modelled to determine the rise and decay time constants as 7.7 s and 11.5 s, respectively. In consequence, combination of deep UV light selectivity and low voltage operation make AlN nanowires great candidates for the development of compact deep UV photodetectors.
ZnO Nanowire Field Effect Transistor for Biosensing: A Review
Authors: Ditshego Nonofo M.J.
Published: November 2019

The last 19 years have seen intense research made on zinc oxide (ZnO) material mainly due to the ability of converting the natural n-type material into p-type. For a long time, the p-type state was impossible to attain and maintain. The review focuses on ways of improving the doped ZnO material which acts as a channel for nanowire field effect transistor (NWFET) and biosensor. The biosensor has specific binding which is called functionalisation achieved by attaching a variety of compounds on the designated sensing area. Reference electrodes and buffers are used as controllers. Top-down fabrication processes are preferred over bottom-up because they pave way for mass production. Different growth techniques are reviewed and discussed. Strengths and weaknesses of the FET and sensor are also reviewed.
Closed tank pneumatic press application to improve Sauvignon Blanc wine quality and nutraceutical properties
Authors: Catania Pietro , Bono Filippa , De Pasquale Claudio , Vallone Mariangela
Published: November 2019

The machines used in the winemaking process directly affect the quality of wine and its nutraceutical properties. Grapes-pressing is a very important step in winemaking as it may promote the presence and/or absence of enzymatic processes on the must, leading to the creation of different products in terms of chemical composition, starting from the same grapes. The aim of the study was to compare two different pressing systems of Sauvignon Blanc grapes using an innovative pneumatic discontinuous closed tank press in two operating modes: the traditional pressing mode in presence of oxygen and the inert pressing mode, performed through grapes pressing under inert gas with nitrogen recovery. Chemical composition of musts and wines was analysed. Pressing under inert atmosphere caused an increase in total polyphenols; total acidity values in musts raised up denoting a very favourable environment for the development of the aromatic component of the future wine. The absorbance measured at 420 nm, an index of total browning reaction of foods, was significantly lower in the wine coming from inert pressing. Principal component analysis application allowed extracting composite quality indicators of must for evaluating the effectiveness of the inert pressing procedure. Results are encouraging and open up new research prospective with the aim of applying innovative techniques to improve the quality of the final product.
A robotic irrigation system for urban gardening and agriculture
Authors: Gravalos Ioannis , Avgousti Avgoustinos , Gialamas Theodoros , Alfieris Nikolaos , Paschalidis Georgios
Published: November 2019

Water supply limits and continued population growth have intensified the search for measures to conserve water in urban gardening and agriculture. The efficiency of water use is depended on performance of the irrigation technologies and management practices. In this study, a robotic irrigation system was developed that consists of a moving bridge manipulator and a sensor-based platform. The manipulator constructed is partly using open-source components and software, and is easily reconfigurable and extendable. In combination to the sensor-based platform this custommade manipulator has the potential to monitor the soil water content (SWC) in real time. The irrigation robotic system was tested in an experimental soil tank. The total surface of the soil tank was divided by a raster into 18 equal quadrants. The water management for maintaining water content in the soil tank within tolerable lower limit (refill point) was based on three irrigation treatments: i) quadrants whose SWC is below the refill point are irrigated; ii) quadrants are irrigated only when the daily mean SWC of the tank is below the refill point and only for those whose actual SWC is lower than that limit; and iii) quadrants are irrigated every two days with constant amount of water. A comparison of the results of the three irrigation treatments showed that the second treatment gave less irrigation events and less applied water. Finally, we could conclude that the performance of the fabricated robotic system is appropriate and it could play an important role in achieving sustainable irrigation into urban food systems.
Гравитационное смещение частоты световых сигналов в пульсирующем гало темной материи
Authors: Koutvitsky Vladimir A , Maslov Evgenii Mikhailovich
Published: November 2019

Исследуется гравитационный сдвиг частоты световых сигналов из центра сферически-симметричного нестатического распределения материи. Для случая осциллирующей скалярной темной материи с логарифмическим потенциалом получены явные формулы для отношения частот излучаемого и принимаемого сигналов.
Choice of a wildfire risk system for eucalyptus plantation: a case study for FWI, FMA⁺ and horus systems in Brazil
Authors: Coelho Eugenio Fernando , Rosa dos Santos Alexandre , Duguy Pedra Beatriz , Macedo Pezzopane José Eduardo , Deleon Martins Lima , Carlette Thiengo Cássio , Suemi Saito Nathália
Published: November 2019

Abstract. With the advent of computation and the progressive advancement of geotechnologies, the use of mathematical models of wildfire risk became more expressive in quantitative terms. The existence of a significant and variable number of models of wildfires risk presents the necessity to select the model that best fits a probable region – which can be done in two ways: visually or through the confrontation of existing models. In this sense, the present study aims at selecting the wildfire risk models FWI, FMA⁺ and RIF-Database for the Eucalyptus plantations. The study area extends from the north-central coast of the state of Espírito Santo and the south coast of Bahia, Brazil. The database was comprised the period between January 1st, 2010 to June 30st, 2016, with 10,447 occurrences. The validation and choice of the results were determined by the success percentages and the skill score value, for each subzone and risk model. After, it was performed the parametric analysis of Variance Analysis (ANOVA), if the F test was significant, the Tukey-Kramer post-hoc test (p
The Ethical AI Lawyer: What is Required of Lawyers When They Use Automated Systems?
Authors: Rogers Justine , Bell Felicity
Published: November 2019

This article focuses on individual lawyers’ responsible use of artificial intelligence (AI) in their practice. More specifically, it examines the ways in which a lawyer’s ethical capabilities and motivations are tested by the rapid growth of automated systems, both to identify the ethical risks posed by AI tools in legal services, and to uncover what is required of lawyers when they use this technology. To do so, we use psychologist James Rest’s Four-component Model of Morality (FCM), which represents the necessary elements for lawyers to engage in professional conduct when utilising AI. We examine issues associated with automation that most seriously challenge each component in context, as well as the skills and resolve lawyers need to adhere to their ethical duties. Importantly, this approach is grounded in social psychology. That is, by looking at human ‘thinking and doing’ (i.e., lawyers’ motivations and capacity when using AI), this offers a different, complementary perspective to the typical, legislative approach in which the law is analysed for regulatory gaps.
Los discursos de legitimación sobre el trabajo de las madres trabajadoras en España
Authors: Armijo Garrido Lorena
Published: November 2019

Este artículo presenta los resultados de dos investigaciones cualitativas consecutivas aplicadas durante la crisis económica española en base a 47 entrevistas semiestructuradas con madres trabajadoras de diferentes orígenes sociales. Este grupo vive la relación entre el mundo del empleo y la familia de manera permanente e ineludible transitando cotidianamente para la realización de distintos trabajos -con las precariedades y coerciones flexibles existentes-. Sus discursos se constituyen en unidades de sentido que hacen comprensible su posición social y, al mismo tiempo, validan subjetivamente ese transitar y las resistencias allí generadas, de acuerdo a valores diferenciados pese a tener unas condiciones de vida objetivadas según la clase social. La fuente de legitimación para desenvolverse en los distintos mundos es variada y estas mujeres acuden a ella cuando la requieren, acomodando sus discursos en función de su subjetividad, aceptación y reconocimiento.
Cadenas mundiales de suministro y trabajo decente: instrumentos jurídicos ordenados a garantizarlo
Authors: Nieto Rojas Patricia
Published: November 2019

La compleja estructura de las empresas transnacionales, en parte por la consolidación de las cadenas de suministro como elemento definitorio del sistema de producción de bienes y servicios en estas compañías, no solo supone uno de los principales desafíos para la eficacia de una legislación laboral, articulada en torno a un Estado-Nación, sino que evidencia una asimetría de poder entre los actores económicos y los Estados. Y aunque ya en junio de 2014, el Consejo de Derechos Humanos de la ONU adoptó la Resolución 26/9 dirigida a la elaboración de un instrumento jurídicamente vinculante para regular la actividad de las empresas transnacionales y sus cadenas de suministro, todavía no se ha alcanzado un acuerdo en este sentido. El presente artículo, además de examinar cuál podría ser el efecto de su aprobación, plantea qué papel han jugado los acuerdos marco globales ante la falta de un marco heterónomo. Finalmente se cuestiona cuál es el interés de las empresas transnacionales para monitorizar a las empresas con las que mantienen relaciones comerciales dentro de sus cadenas de suministro.
Understanding How IT Capability Impacts Sustainable Competitive Advantage through Business Process Management
Authors: Nadarajah Devika , Abdul Kadir Sharifah Latifah Syed , Khalid Haliyana
Published: November 2019

Business Process Management or BPM is the blueprint of how work is performed in any organisation to deliver customer requirements. Sustainable Competitive Advantage or SCA pushes organisations to adopt flexibility and dynamism into their systems, processes and culture. A study was carried out to determine the influence of BPM on SCA, and to identify the antecedents of BPM in creating SCA. One of the antecedents’ of the study was IT capability. The study was based on organisations in Malaysia. The results from the study revealed that IT capability failed to observe significant relationship to BPM and SCA. In an attempt to understand further this phenomenon, a series of interviews were carried out on 3 companies representing the telecommunications, consulting and manufacturing industries. The findings revealed that while IT capability is a “must-have”, there are numerous factors that may influence or hinder the effectiveness of IT capability implementation.
IT /IS Outsourcing from Omani Organizations' Perspective: Motivations and Reservations
Authors: Al-Ghrabi Khamis
Published: November 2019

In recent years outsourcing has become one of the strategies pursued by organizations in order to manage their Information Technology/ Information Systems (IT/IS) (Gonzalez et al., 2006).Organizations turn to outsource their IT/IS for a number of reasons. Many Omani organizations outsourced part or all of their IT/IS while others are conservative and following 'wait and see' strategy.  The aim of this paper is to explore the main motivations for or against outsourcing IS/IT within the Omani private and public sectors. With this aim in mind, a questionnaire survey was used as the main method to collect data from Omani private and public organizations. In addition two semi structured interviews were conducted to detect some issues that were not possible otherwise. The results of the analysis of the data show that the main drive behind IS/IT outsourcing is the need to obtain the required skills which are not available otherwise. The study also shows that security issues and concerns are among the top reasons preventing some Omani organizations from outsourcing.
ERP in Indian SME’s: A post implementation study of the underlying critical success factors
Authors: Upadhyay Parijat , Dan Pranab K.
Published: November 2019

Over the past year, the global economic crisis has put the spotlight on many business organisations of any size.With India not being spared of the impact, large establishments have attempted to tackle this crisis in their own ways. Amid all this, SMEs are increasingly being brought into focus on account of their huge growth potential.    The SME sector in India, which contributes almost half of India’s GDP and is home to a slew of business opportunities. SMEs can carve out value-adding niches for themselves and play an important role at a time when global corporations revisit their established supply and sourcing patterns as a response to the changed business climate. In the need to remain competitive, they are looking at supply chain areas and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)  solutions seemed to have emerged as a ready made solutions to many SME’s.Therefore, it's of particular interest to analyse the operating implementations, in order to identify the success cases, the nature and measure of the benefits obtained and the context and project-related factors which can influence the chances of a positive outcome.The research presented here was specifically targeted to the SMEs which already completed the process of adopting an ERP system to bring out the underlying factors which can prove decisive for success and to propose a framework that seem to guide This study is based on feedback that has been obtained from 150+ responded who were from various forms of industries,which are essentially SME in nature. Keywords: ERP, SME, vendor selection, communication, support, cost
Resource Allocation and Management Innovation among Entrepreneurs in South Sudan: A Case Study of Small and Medium Enterprises in Juba City
Authors: Arok Arok Dut , Kirimi Dorothy , Munga Jane
Published: November 2019

Management innovation among SMEs in South Sudan has been termed as low despite the high failure rate of the enterprises. This is despite the argument that management innovation enhances survival rate of enterprises and creates competitive advantage. This therefore triggered an investigation to find out if allocation of resources influences management innovation. The study population consisted of all the small and medium enterprises operating in Juba City which were 12,654 in total. The study adopted descriptive research design. A sample size of 96 SMEs was determined using Cochran formula. Primary data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was structured, having only closed-ended questions. The collected data was analysed through quantitative methods of descriptive and inferential statistics such as correlation and univariate regression model. The tool used was Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24. The study established that resource allocation has a positive and significant effect on management innovation of SMEs in Juba City. The recommendations of the study were that SMEs in Juba City should enhance their resource allocation practices such as encouraging innovative behavior to promote management innovation, measuring performance against subjective strategic criteria such as progress on product innovations and investing in technological resources such as IT infrastructure in order to enhance the rate of management innovation.
Physicians in the double role of treatment provider and expert in light of principle-based social insurance medical ethics
Authors: Solli Hans Magnus , Barbosa da Silva António
Published: November 2019

GPs serve in a double role of treatment provider and expert in certain social insurance systems, such as the Norwegian one. Some physicians assert that the ethical obligations of the two roles conflict with each other. The objective of this article is to show that social insurance medical ethics (SIME), which are based on recognised principles of medical ethics, unite the physicians’ obligations associated with these roles. The method applied is a medical ethics conceptual analysis. The material consists of literature on normative SIME. The study shows that SIME expands the role of the treatment provider to a wider societal context. Here, physicians should attempt to balance the perspectives of sympathy with empathy, as treatment providers, with the impartiality in their role as experts. Five principles of medical ethics are fundamental. Respect for human dignity is the overarching principle of medical ethics. The four others are nonmaleficence, beneficence (including soft paternalism), autonomy, and social justice. The article discusses two areas where it is asserted that the roles of treatment provider and expert conflict with each other: the application of beneficence and justice, and the duty of confidentiality versus the duty to provide information to the National Insurance service. The study concludes that there are no basic ethical conflicts between the two roles. The ethical problems that may arise when exercising this duality should be viewed in the same way as other ethical problems in medicine. Actual application and balancing of the principles may necessitate negotiations between patients and physicians.

Keywords: dual roles, professionalism, deliberation, impartiality, medical principle ethics, values of welfare state
Defining “Social Sustainability”: Towards a Sustainable Solution to the Conceptual Confusion
Authors: De Fine Licht Karl , Folland Anna
Published: November 2019

The interest in "social sustainability" has recently increased in the field of urban development. We want societies, cities, and neighborhoods to be economically and environmentally sustainable, but we also want urban areas that are safe, diverse, walkable, and relaxing, just to mention a few examples. Strikingly, however, there is no consensus regarding what definition of "social sustainability" should be employed. Additionally, some people are skeptical about the prospect of finding a useful definition at all and claim it is impossible to satisfactorily define the concept for various reasons, such as its complexity. A potential first step towards navigating this conceptual maze is to provide desiderata for a definition of social sustainability. We defend a list of nine desiderata and thereby create a theoretical framework for analyzing and constructing a definition of "social sustainability". We also examine the skeptical arguments and find that it is premature to conclude that the goal of finding a useful definition is hopeless. With the criteria in place, the future debate can proceed by assessing definitions of "social sustainability" in a more structured and transparent manner. This activity is of upmost importance if we want to create just cities.

Keywords: Social Sustainability, Definition, Purposes and Aims, Conditions of Adequacy
Introduction
Authors: Stabell Espen Dyrnes , Thorseth May , Alvarez Allen , Carson Siri Granum
Published: November 2019

Taking issue with sustainable governance involves careful consideration of social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainability, and the interplay of those dimensions in political processes and decision-making. The current issue of Etikk i Praksis contributes to this task by offering analysis of central concepts in the discourse of sustainability, as well as examinations of political and moral issues raised by pressing environmental challenges such as climate change.
Polyarteritis nodosa: An unusual cause of life-threatening intra-abdominal bleeding
Authors: Verdonk Koen , Jonkman Jeroen G.J. , Dees Adriaan
Published: November 2019

Intra-abdominal arterial bleeding is a life-threatening condition, warranting immediate causal therapy. Polyarteritis nodosa is a rare type of necrotizing vasculitis that affects medium-sized arteries. We present a patient with severe arterial bleeding as the first symptom of polyarteritis nodosa. Because the bleeding took place intra-abdominal instead of gastro-intestinal, there was no macroscopic blood loss. She was successfully treated with endovascular coil embolization during angiography.
Growing Global Demand for Cash
Authors: Shirai Sayuri , Sugandi Eric Alexander
Published: November 2019

Demand for cash is generally known to be influenced by several factors—including transaction motive used for payment, opportunity cost, precautionary motive, and other motives (such as aging and demand from abroad). In recent years, cashless payment methods have increasingly become prevalent in the world through various conventional tools and innovative convenient financial services using mobile phones and smart phones. Nevertheless, cash in circulation has been rising in many economies, especially after the global financial crisis. This paper seeks to examine factors affecting cash in circulation for 22 economies for the period 2000–2018. It also investigated the movements of banknotes in circulation differentiated by denomination for seven economies whose data were available. The empirical analysis of this paper found that the opportunity cost proxied by the central bank policy rates and age-related variable were the two most important robust determinants for cash demand. Namely, cash demand tends to grow with a decline in the policy rates and with an advancement of aging.
Antimicrobial Effects of Sulfadimethoxine on Salmonella, Escherichia coli and Aerobic plate count (APC) in Small-Scale Broiler Operations
Authors: Tangkham Wannee , LeMieux Frederick
Published: November 2019

Poultry is a source of Salmonella and Escherichia coli. Antibiotics can be used to reduce the enumeration and prevalence of these bacteria. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of sulfadimethoxine antibiotic on the enumeration and prevalence of Salmonella, Escherichia coli and aerobic plate count in broilers. Broilers (n = 600) were allotted to two treatments, each with twelve replications. The treatments were control (drinking water without antibiotic) and with antibiotic at 0.05% (wt/vol) sulfadimethoxine. After a six-week period, the enumeration of Salmonella in the experimental treatment was detected at 2.55 log CFU/g. This value is not different (P>0.05) than that detected in the control at 2.81 log CFU/g. With respect to prevalence, there was a difference (P<0.05) between the experimental treatment at 90.0% and the control at 100%. The enumeration of E. coli in the experimental treatment was detected at 3.97 log CFU/g. This value is lower (P<0.05) than that detected in the control treatment at 4.37 log CFU/g. With respect to prevalence, there was no difference (P>0.05) between the experimental treatment at 100% and the control at 100%. The enumeration of aerobic plate count in the antibiotic treatment were detected at 6.62 log CFU/g. This value is lower (P<0.05) than that detected in the control at 7.50 log CFU/g. With respect to prevalence, there was no difference (P>0.05) between treatments. Our overall findings suggest that the use of the antibiotic sulfadimethoxine can reduce the number of E. coli, Salmonella and aerobic plate count in the small-scale broiler operations.