bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Beta Berbantuan Articulate Storyline 3 pada Materi Tubuh Tumbuhan dan Fungsinya Kelas IV SD Terpadu Bojongnangka
Authors: Novianti Dini Rahma , Pratiwi Anggia Suci , Sunanih Sunanih
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif beta berbantuan articulate storyline 3 pada materi bagian tubuh tumbuhan dan fungsinya yang dapat digunakan sebagai pendukung pembelajaran siswa kelas IV SD Terpadu Bojongnangka dalam memahami materi pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara, terdapat beberapa kendala yang terjadi pada saat pembelajaran khususnya pada pembelajaran IPAS materi bagian tubuh tumbuhan dan fungsinya, salah satunya kurangnya penggunaan media pembelajaran yang berpengaruh pada nilai yang diraih siswa, yaitu sebanyak 58 % siswa mendapatkan nilai dibawah KKTP yaitu 75. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (RD) denagn desain penelitian ADDIE yang dikembangkan oleh Roberth Maribe Branch (2009) yang terdapat 5 tahapan, yaitu Analyze (Analisis), Design (Desain), Develop (Pengembangan), Implement (Implementasi), Evaluate (Evaluasi). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil validasi media pembelajaran interaktif beta oleh validator ahli, sebagai berikut: ahli media memperoleh presentase akhir 96% dengan kategori “sangat layak”, ahli bahasa memperoleh presentase akhir 100% dengan kategori “sangat layak”, dan ahli materi memperoleh presentase akhir 96% dengan kategori “sangat layak”. Adapun hasil dari uji coba satu-satu memperoleh skor rata-rata 93% dengan kategori “sangat layak”, dan hasil uji coba kelompok besar memperoleh skor rata-rata 92% dengan kategori “sangat layak” Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa media interaktif beta sangat layak untuk dijadikan media pembelajaran IPAS pada materi bagian tubuh tumbuhan dan fungsinya. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan hasil efektivitas media yang dilakukan pada kelas eksperimen yang memperoleh rata-rata skor N-Gain 0,80 dengan kategori “tinggi” dan kategori tafsiran “efektif”. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, maka media interaktif beta berbantuan articulate storyline 3 layak dan efektif digunakan di Sekolah Dasar.
Upaya Guru Dalam Menyusun Soal Berbasis HOTS Untuk Menilai Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Ely Nurdian , Abas Aisa , Tuharea Jumiati
Published: September 2024

Kemajuan suatu bangsa sangat ditentukan oleh kualitas sumber daya manusianya. Kualitas sumber daya manusia itu tergantung pada kualitas pendidikannya. Bidang pendidikan merupakan salah satu bidang yang memegang peran penting dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Tujuan utama pendidikan adalah memberi kemampuan pada manusia untuk hidup di masyarakat. Untuk mengevaluasi pembelajaran dibutuhkan rancangan tidak hanya pengetahuan tetapi juga sikap dan ketrampilan. Untuk mengukur hal tersebut guru diminta untuk melakukan penilaian berbasis HOTS. soal berbasis HOTS merupakan soal yang disusun bertujuan menguji siswa dalam ranah kemampuan menganalisis (C4), mengevaluasi (C5), dan menciptakan (C6). Kenyataan dilapangan berdasarkan hasil Wawancara awal dengan guru mata pelajaran PKn, guru tersebut membuat soal berbasis Hots masih dengan bantuan dari wakasek kurikulum karena kendala yang dialami yaitu guru tersebut  kurang memahami karena baru mengajar dan masih belum paham tentang soal berbasis HOTS. Guru PKn disekolah tersebut masih mengikuti arahan dari wakasek kurikulum untuk membuat soal berbasis HOTS dari level 4,5, dan 6. Dimana tingkat soal tersebut dari level rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Penyusunan soal di lihat berdasarkan kopetensi dasar dan tujuan yang dicapai dalam pembelajaran agar siswa mampu menjawab soal yang diberikan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah medeskripsikan upaya guru dalam menyusun soal berbasis hots untuk menilai hasil belajar siswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek dan informasinya adalah sekolah kepala sekolah, guru dan siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang di gunakan dalam observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif melalui reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan sehingga tersusun rangkai sistematis. Hasil penelitian ini dapat di simpulkan bahwa upaya guru dalam menyusun soal berbasis hots untuk menilai hasil belajar siswa ialah dengan mengunakan startegi dalam penyusunan soal HOTS dilakukan dengan cara melihat jawaban pada setiap soal yang diberikan siswa apakah siswa mampu untuk menjawab atau  tidak karena soal HOTS memiliki tingkatan, dan untuk penerapannya dibuktikan dengan cara melihat jawaban pada setiap soal yang diberikan kepada siswa.
Nilai-Nilai Budaya Petani Dalam Tradisi Pasae Ulaon di Desa Sibadihon Kabupaten Toba
Authors: Situmorang Sri Yunita , Simanjuntak Daniel H P
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan makna dari tradisi pasae ulaon, proses pelaksanaan tradisi dan  mendeskripsikan nilai-nilai yang terdapat dalam tradisi pasae ulaon. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Sibadihon, Kecamatan Bonatua Lunasi, Kabupaten Toba. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dan teknik analisis data yang digunakan dengan cara mengorganisasi dan menyiapkan data untuk dianalisis, membaca keseluruhan data, coding semua data dan interpretasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai-nilai budaya yang terdapat dalam tradisi pasae ulaon adalah nilai musyawarah, nilai spiritual, nilai kerjasama, dan nilai kebersamaan.
Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) di Desa Bantan Tua dan Desa Selat Baru
Authors: Hafizh Muhammad , Mashur Dadang
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pelaksanaan program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Di Desa Bantan Tua dan Desa Selat Baru Kecamatan Bantan Kabupaten Bengkalis, serta faktor- faktor apa saja yang menjadi menghambat pelaksanaannya. Program kebijakan tersebut diantaranya adalah bantuan langsung tunai (BLT). bantuan operasional sekolah (BOS) bantuan langsung sementara (BLSM) inpres data tertinggal (IDT) dan pembinaan kesejahteraaan keluarga (PKK). Adapun pihak-pihak yang terlibat adalah Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Bengkalis, Kecamatan Bantan, Kepala Desa, dan Masyarkat penerima KPM PKH di Desa Bantan Tua dan Desa Selat Baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Desa Bantan Tua dan Desa Selat Baru dan Kendala- Kendalanya. Teori yang digunakan ialah George C. Edward III (2011) Dalam Buku Subarsono (2022) yaitu ada 4 indikator  Komunikasi, Sumber Daya, Disposisi, Struktur Birokrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian Kualitatif bersifat Deskriptif. Dengan Teknik Pengumpulan Data Wawancara, Observasi, serta Dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian menemukan Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Desa Bantan Tua dan Desa Selat Baru. Faktor yang menjadi Penghambat dalam Implementasi Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Desa Bantan Tua dan Desa Selat Baru yaitu : 1.) Keterlambatan pada saat pencairan dana PKH, yang seharusnya Bulan Februari pengeluaran pencairan dana, tetapi pengeluaran pencairan dana nya baru masuk Bulan Maret Akhir mengenai Bansos PKH nya Di Desa Bantan Tua. 2.) masyarakat Desa Selat baru  ini ada beberapa Kelompok 3 4 Kelompok, Jadi hambatan nya adalah ketika ada masyarakat lambat datang di rumah masyarakat ( Pertemuan ) ibu- ibu ini tidak menghadiri rapat pertemuan antara Pendamping PKH di desa masing- masing. Saran dari Peneliti mengenai Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Desa Bantan Tua dan Desa Selat baru diharapakan mengoptimalkan kinerjanya dalam menangani program PKH ini dan untuk pihak dari Kecamatan Bantan ataupun Dinas terkait agar dapat memberikan kebijakan dalam melaksanakan Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Desa Bantan Tua dan Desa Selat Baru.
Analisis Nilai – Nilai Pancasila yang Terdapat Dalam Tradisi Pengobatan Tradisional Togak Balian di Desa Pulau Kijang Kecamatan Kuantan Hilir
Authors: Febiola Febiola , Hambali Hambali , Arianto Jumili
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh adanya suatu tradisi pengobatan tradisional yaitu Togak Balian yang di dalamnya terdapat Nilai-nilai Pancasila, Sehingga peneliti tertarik untuk melakukan penelitian dengan judul “Analisis Nilai-nilai Pancasila Yang Terdapat Dalam Tradisi Pengobatan Tradisional Togak Balian di Desa Pulau Kijang Kecamatan Kuantan Hilir”. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Nilai-nilai Pancasila yang terdapat dalam Tradisi Pengobatan Tradisional Togak Balian yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat, penggalian informasi dengan menggunakan teknik Snowball Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan yaitu melaui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah motode deskriptif kualitatif. Motode ini dilakukan dengan pengolahan data yang hasil datanya disajikan melalui teknik miles Huberman. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah 6 orang Infoman dengan 1 orang tokoh masyarakat, 1 orang (dukun) Superanatural, 1 orang pasien (pesakit), 1 orang masyarakat, 1 orang bayu (pembantu dukun/asisten), dan 1 Dendi (pembantu dukun/asisten). Adapun temuan dalam penelitian ini adalah Nilai Pancasila yang terdapat dalam Pengobatan Togak Balian yaitu: 1) Nilai Ketuhanan dilihat dari sebelum pelaksanaan ritual kumantan harus dalam keadaan suci seperti melakukan wuduk terlebih dahulu, lalu membaca doa yang mereka lakukan pada saat pelaksanaan Togak Balian yang merupakan keyakinan mereka bahwa kesembuhan yang didapatkan hanya dari Allah SWT, dan hanya berusaha untuk meminta kesembuhan. 2) Nilai Kemanusiaan yang dilihat dari bentuk kepedulian sesama sanak keluarga dan para pelaksana Togak Balian yang berusaha untuk memberikan pengobatan untuk pasien yang sakit. 3) Nilai Persatuan yang terlihat dari kebersamaan, kepercayaan serta kekompakan baik sesama keluarga maupun para pelaksana Togak Balian agar Togak Balian berjalan dengan lancar. 4) Nilai Kerakyatan dilihat dari adanya musyawarah yang dilakukan untuk mendapatkan kesepakatan sesama keluarga maupun para pelaksana Togak Balian sebelum melaksanakan Togak Balian untuk mendapatkan kesepakatan sesama. 5) Nilai Keadilan sosial dilihat dari semua masyarakat yang sakit (pasien) memiliki hak untuk melakukan pengobatan menggunakan Togak Balian dan tidak memandang status sosial baik kaya maupun miskin semuanya sama.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis RME (Realistic Mathematics Education) untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas VIII SMP pada Materi Lingkaran
Authors: Purba Novieta Putri , Rajagukguk Waminton
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan dan memperoleh Lembar Kerja Peserta Didik berbasis Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) yang valid, praktis dan efektif.  Pendekatan 4-D Thiagarajan, yang terdiri dari empat tahap Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate digunakan sebagai model pengembangan ini. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 30 orang siswa kelas VIII-7 SMP Negeri 11 Binjai. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan produk yang dihasilkan memiliki validitas, praktikalitas, dan efektivitas yang kuat. Hal ini diperoleh berdasarkan temuan uji lapangan, respon siswa, analisis data lembar validitas, dan komentar validator. Terciptanya LKPD berbasis RME dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika, terbukti dari hasil uji lapangan. Dari hasil tersebut, disarankan agar pembelajaran matematika di sekolah menggunakan pendekatan pembelajaran matematika realistik.
Analisis Kepatuhan Hukum Masyarakat Kota Tanjung Balai Dalam Memenuhi Syarat-Syarat Mengendarai Sepeda Motor
Authors: Diah Siti Nur , Wahyudi Arief
Published: September 2024

This research aims to determine the legal compliance of the people of Tanjung City in fulfilling the requirements for riding motorbikes, and to find out the factors that cause the people of Tanjung Balai City to not comply with the requirements for riding motorbikes. The type of research carried out is empirical legal research with qualitative research methods. Data collection tools used to obtain data are observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the research results, it is stated that the level of legal compliance among the people of Tanjungbalai City is still relatively low. This is proven by the number of violations which increases every year. The low level of compliance of the people of Tanjungbalai City in fulfilling the requirements for riding a motorbike is caused by several factors. These causal factors include the low level of public education resulting in a lack of understanding, lack of legal awareness in the community, and lack of trust in police officers. Most of the people of Tanjungbalai City already have knowledge of the requirements for riding a motorbike but are reluctant to comply because they lack legal awareness. Another cause is a lack of trust in traffic police officers.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Peserta Didik SMP Kelas VII Melalui Pendekatan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik Dengan Menggunakan Media Audio Visual
Authors: Shahabiah Soraya , Dewi Izwita
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana penggunaan pendekatan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) dan audio visual dapat meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik. (2) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah peserta didik setelah menggunakan pendekatan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) dan audio visual mencapai ketuntasan klasikal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas. Subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh peserta didik kelas VII-1 sebanyak 21 orang. Tindakan penelitian ini yang pertama adalah memberi tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah awal  peserta didik yang diteliti, guna untuk melihat kemampuan pemecahan masalah matemetika awal peserta didik, yang kedua menggunakan pembelajaran dengan menggunakan pendektan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) berbantuan media audio visual dengan materi aljabar. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 siklus dan proses pengajarannya sebanyak 7 kali pertemuan, di akhir setiap siklus diberikan tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika peserta didik. Bentuk soal untuk setiap tes adalah uraian. Sebelum tes diujikan, terlebih dahulu divalidkan dengan arahan validator. Pada tes kemampuan awal tingkat kemampuan pemecaan masalah peserta didik adalah 41,5 yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat rendah dengan tidak ada peserta didik yang mengalami ketuntasan belajar. Setelah pelaksanaan tindakan pada siklus I, tingkat kemampuan peserta didik memecahkan masalah adalah 71,9 yang termasuk dalam kategori sedang dengan 14 (66,67%) peserta didik dari seluruh peserta didik telah mencapai tingkat ketuntasan belajar. Selanjutnya setelah pelaksanaan tindakan pada siklus II, tingkat kemampuan peserta didik memecakan masalah adalah 86,66 yang termasuk dalam kategori tinggi dengan 18 (85,71%) peserta didik dari seluruh peserta didik telah mencapai tingkat ketuntasan belajar. Berdasarkan analisis penelitian tersebut, diperoleh gambaran bahwa pendektan Pembelajaran Matematika Realistik (PMR) berbantuan media audio visual  pada materi aljabar di kelas VII-1 SMPS di jalan Bakaran Batu No. 18 Medan T.A 2023/2024 dapat meningkat kemampuan peserta didik dalam memecahkan masalah yang didapatkan setelah pelaksanaan siklus II.
Cara Guru Mendisiplinkan Anak Tunarungu di SLB Negeri Pembina Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Rayinda Elsa , Ayub Daeng , Syafitra Vioni
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis cara guru mendisiplinkan anak tunarungu di SLB Negeri Pembina Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru. Penelitian ini memiliki 2 indikator yaitu 1) disiplin waktu, dan 2) disiplin perbuatan.  Setelah penelitian ini dilakukan, diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat, adapun manfaat dari penelitian ini terbagi menjadi dua yaitu manfaat teoritis dan manfaat praktis. Manfaat teoritis dari hasil penelitian ini yaitu menambah wawasan dan juga ilmu pengetahuan terutama yang berkaitan dengan cara guru mendisiplinkan anak tunarungu di SLB Negeri Pembina Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru. Sedangkan manfaat praktis dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan manfaat bagi peneliti, bagi SLB Negeri Pembina Pekanbaru dan bagi peneliti selanjutnya.  Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini di laksanakan di SLB Negeri Pembina Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Kota Pekanbaru yang melibatkan 6 (enam) informan sebagai subjek penelitian. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah dokumentasi, observasi dan wawancara. Sedangkan teknik analisis dalam penelitian ini yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan triangulasi.    Berdasarkan rumusan masalah, tujuan dan indikator penelitian diperoleh hasil penelitian yaitu : 1) Disiplin waktu, guru-guru menerapkan pendekatan yang terstruktur dalam menegakkan disiplin waktu. Mereka memanfaatkan jadwal yang konsisten, pengingat waktu, dan pengawasan yang ketat selama jam pelajaran. Hal ini membantu menciptakan kerangka kerja yang terstruktur bagi anak tunarungu dalam mengatur kegiatan pembelajaran mereka, dan 2) Disiplin perbuatan, guru-guru juga memberlakukan aturan yang jelas dan konsisten serta memberikan bimbingan langsung dan sanksi yang sesuai ketika anak melanggar aturan. Disiplin perbuatan merupakan aspek penting dalam membentuk karakter dan sikap yang baik pada anak-anak tunarungu.
Uma Arquitetura baseada em Inteligência Artificial Explicável (XAI) para Sistemas de Detecção de Intrusões em Smart Grids
Authors: Quincozes Camilla Borchhardt , Oliveira Henrique C. , Quincozes Silvio E. , Miani Rodrigo S. , Quincozes Vagner E.
Published: September 2024

Este trabalho propõe uma arquitetura de Sistema de Detecção de Intrusões Explicável (X-IDS) para subestações elétricas, visando aumentar a transparência e confiabilidade dos IDSs tradicionais. A arquitetura integra técnicas de Inteligência Artificial Explicável (XAI) e novos métodos de extração de atributos, utilizando enriquecimento temporal e pré-processamento robusto para melhorar a detecção e interpretação de ataques. Os resultados demonstram que o X-IDS proposto reduz o viés para certos ataques, aprimora a interpretação de ataques complexos e facilita a análise de correções e novas implementações, oferecendo uma solução mais robusta e transparente para a segurança das subestações elétricas. Random Forest apresentou as melhores métricas de desempenho: acurácia e precisão de 98,79%, e revocação 98,68%.
Caracterização de conhecimentos e comportamentos de cibersegurança: Estudo exploratório com dados predominantes do extremo norte brasileiro
Authors: Henklain Marcelo H. Oliveira , Lobo Felipe Leite , Feitosa Eduardo Luzeiro , Cavalcante Luiz G. Dallagnol , Alencar José V. Rocha de , Bríglia Vitor J. Carneiro , Araújo Guilherme Miranda de , Alves Guilherme da Silva
Published: September 2024

Embora o fator humano seja crucial na cibersegurança, as pesquisas nessa direção são escassas. Por isso, o nosso objetivo foi caracterizar conhecimentos e comportamentos de cibersegurança, avaliando a sua relação com os cinco grandes fatores de personalidade. Participaram 232 brasileiros, majoritariamente, da região norte. Observamos escores mais elevados de amabilidade e abertura, e baixo neuroticismo. O conhecimento foi de “moderado a bom” e a frequência de comportamento de cibersegurança foi baixa. Encontramos evidências de associação entre traços de personalidade e conhecimento e comportamento de cibersegurança. Estudos futuros devem contemplar uma amostra mais diversa.
D-NAC: Controle de acesso distribuído para redes de dados nomeados
Authors: Brito Italo Valcy S. , Schramm Katharine , Sampaio Leobino
Published: September 2024

A Redes de Dados Nomeados (NDN) oferecem uma alternativa segura e otimizada para cenários de distribuição de conteúdo, cujas aplicações lideram os rankings de uso da Internet atual e previsões futuras. Um dos requisitos destas aplicações está no controle de acesso, que visa garantir aplicação de políticas de autorização e contabilização aos dados requisitados. Para garantir o controle de acesso, soluções de NAC (do inglês Name-based Access Control) fazem uso da semântica do esquema de nomeação da NDN para introduzir uso de chaves criptográficas que garantem confidencialidade e controle de acesso aos dados. Um dos componentes da solução de NAC é o gerenciador de acesso, que centraliza a aplicação das políticas de controle, criação, gerenciamento e revogação de chaves. O uso de uma entidade centralizada contrasta com o modelo totalmente distribuído da NDN, propiciando gargalos e indisponibilidade no advento de falhas. Este artigo apresenta o design, prototipagem e avaliação do D-NAC, uma melhoria da solução NAC que visa tornar o gerenciador de acesso um componente totalmente distribuído. Uma avaliação experimental demonstra que o D-NAC proporciona resiliência a falhas e melhor desempenho para os consumidores comparado com o NAC, sem trazer impactos significativos no total de dados transmitidos na rede.
Além do Sinal: Autenticação Biofísica com Wi-Fi CSI e Raspberry Pi
Authors: Trindade Eduardo Fabrício Gomes , Almeida Felipe Silveira de , Pereira Junior Lourenço Alves
Published: September 2024

O Channel State Information (CSI) do Wi-Fi tem sido amplamente estudado em atividades de sensoriamento. No entanto, implementações práticas voltadas à autenticação de pessoas são pouco exploradas. Este estudo propõe o uso de dispositivos Raspberry Pi para coleta dados de CSI em um ambiente controlado e aplica aprendizado supervisionado para reconhecer características biofísicas e comportamentais visando controle de acesso físico. A pesquisa também explora o uso dos filtros de Hampel e Savitzky-Golay (SG) no pré-processamento dos dados e compara o desempenho de algoritmos de classificação, com destaque para o K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), alcançando 99,92% de precisão na autenticação de usuários.
Non-fungible Tokens: Wertbildung und Eigentum im digitalen Raum
Authors: Vollmer Ruth
Published: September 2024

Non-fungible Tokens sind spätestens seit 2021 als neue Ware der Digitalökonomie bekannt. In diesem Beitrag stelle ich zum einen die These auf, dass der NFT-Markt statt einer Demokratisierung eine Reproduktion hierarchischer Machtstrukturen reproduziert. Zum anderen lege ich theoriegeleitet dar, inwiefern NFTs als Ware kein Eigentum im klassischen Sinne darstellen, sondern ihr Kauf den Erwerb eines historischen Moments bedeuten.
Untangling the Mystery of Intuitive-Analytic Interactions in Crisis Response Operations: A Dual-Process Perspective
Authors: Okoli Justin , Ogwu Ibukun.J.
Published: September 2024

Whilst it is often claimed that experienced crisis responders are likely to adopt the intuitive and analytical thinking styles when solving complex problems in time-pressured crisis situations, scholarly efforts to explicate the nature of interactions between the intuitive and analytical modes remain sparse. To bridge this gap, we review four duality-based cognitive models and draw evidence from the Hudson River case study to better understand the patterns of the interplay between the intuitive and analytical information processing modes in time-pressured crisis situations. We found support for the dual-process theory, and note that although intuition is frequently deployed as the default cognitive mode in crisis situations, experienced crisis responders can exploit some features of the analytical mode to validate their intuitive tendencies when required. Based on evidence from the Hudson River case study, a range of intuitive-analytic tension points that largely explain the nature of interactions within the duality framework are identified. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of the dual-process information modes for crisis decision-making.
The heterogeneity in structure and function across skeletal muscle
Authors: Charles James P. , Kissane Roger W.P.
Published: September 2024

Skeletal muscles are crucial structures within the vertebrate musculoskeletal system and contain inherent heterogeneities in both their anatomy (i.e. extrafusal and intrafusal muscle architecture) and physiology (i.e. fibre phenotypes). However, these heterogeneities are rarely accounted for when relating muscle form and function, meaning crucial detail may be lost when studying how muscles function or respond to injuries or other neuromuscular conditions. Here, the methods used to traditionally measure several skeletal muscle parameters including fibre lengths, muscle spindle abundance and fibre phenotypes are discussed, followed by demonstrations of how more novel techniques can be used to measure and quantify the heterogeneity that exists in these same metrics within individual muscles. How these heterogeneities are related to muscle function is also examined, which lends further support to the use of modern techniques to truly understand the interactions between anatomy, physiology and function within skeletal muscle.
Solution for Matrix Exponentiation Using Eigenvalues
Authors: Hiluf Hailu Dawit
Published: September 2024

In this chapter, we introduce the application of Sylvester’s formula for systems with degenerate eigenvalues to obtain their analytical solutions. To illustrate its utility, we include two additional methods for analytical solutions: the adiabatic approximation and the Magnus expansion. In quantum mechanics, the Schrödinger equation is a mathematical expression that describes the time evolution of a physical system where quantum effects, such as wave-particle duality, are significant. This equation serves as a framework for analyzing quantum mechanical systems. Similar to how Newton’s laws govern the motion of classical objects, the Schrödinger equation governs the behavior of quantum entities. However, unlike classical motion, quantum mechanics deals with the probabilities of different trajectories. The ability to obtain analytical solutions to such equations provides an in-depth understanding of the dynamics and also allows for the identification of controlling parameters, as analytical functions can readily reveal these insights.
Virulence Factors and Pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Alkuraythi Dalal
Published: September 2024

This chapter will explore the virulence factors and pathogenicity mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus, a major human pathogen responsible for a wide range of infections. It will provide a detailed analysis of the key virulence factors, including surface proteins like adhesins and Protein A, various exotoxins such as alpha-toxin and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), and important enzymes like coagulase and hyaluronidase. The chapter will also examine how these factors contribute to immune evasion, tissue damage, and the formation of biofilms, leading to chronic and healthcare-associated infections. By understanding these mechanisms, we can better combat S. aureus infections and reduce their significant global health impact.
Nutrient management for sustainable soil fertility
Authors: Radulov Isidora , Berbecea Adina
Published: September 2024

The sustainable use of agricultural land and the maintenance of soil fertility require a permanent exchange of nutrients between organic matter, mineral colloids, and the soil solution. Soil fertility is influenced by the soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties. Nutrient availability to plant roots is facilitated by nutrient ion transport in soil solution, influenced by factors such as soil water content, pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), redox potential, organic matter content, microbial activity, and fertilizer application. Adequate soil moisture enhances nutrient absorption and organic matter decomposition; soil structure, texture, and drainage impact water and nutrient movement, by facilitating nutrient retention or causing runoff and nutrient losses; CEC, determined by soil colloids, is crucial for nutrient retention and availability, affecting soil pH and buffering capacity; organic matter improves soil structure, water retention, and nutrient supply, while also acting as a chelating agent for metal ions; microbial activity drives nutrient cycling, with soil pH playing a significant role in nutrient availability. Redox processes, influenced by soil aeration, impact nutrient forms and availability, with anaerobic conditions leading to nutrient losses and potential toxicity. Proper nutrient management, considering soil properties and plant requirements, is essential for maintaining soil fertility and preventing environmental pollution.
Sustainable Low-Income Housing: Analyzing Green Building Initiatives within the LIHTC Program across U.S. States
Authors: Yerena Anaid
Published: September 2024

This study delves into the sustainability initiatives within the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program across U.S. states. By reviewing state Qualified Allocation Plans (QAPs), the research assesses the emphasis placed on green building standards within the LIHTC program over time. The research questions this work seeks to answer are: (1) To what extent are green building standards a priority in the LIHTC program across states? (2) How has this priority changed from 2015 to 2023? The data come from QAPs and states’ Housing Finance Agency (HFAs) website. Through content analysis methods, I explore how green building standards contribute to enhancing the sustainability of low-income housing projects, shedding light on the program’s role in promoting sustainable housing solutions.
Esophageal Motility Disorders and Dysphagia: Understanding Causes and Consequences
Authors: Corovic Irfan , Maksic Mladen , Radojevic Dusan , Vucelj Samir , Sagdati Sabir , Stanisavljevic Isidora , Veljkovic Tijana , Simovic Markovic Bojana , Jovanovic Ivan , Stojanovic Bojan , Popovic Dusan , Kralj Djordje , Jovanovic Marina
Published: September 2024

Esophageal motility disorders are common conditions that impede the normal movement of food and liquids from the esophagus to the stomach, frequently manifesting as dysphagia, chest pain, and regurgitation. These disorders arise from a variety of etiological factors and can greatly diminish patients’ quality of life. If left untreated, esophageal motility disorders may lead to severe complications, including malnutrition, weight loss, and aspiration pneumonia. This chapter offers an in-depth examination of the etiology and pathogenesis of both primary and secondary EMDs. It thoroughly investigates the clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods, highlighting the critical role of differential diagnosis in the accurate identification of these conditions. Additionally, the chapter reviews current treatment options, including pharmacological interventions, endoscopic procedures, and surgical techniques, and discusses the potential of novel therapies and future research directions. Through a detailed analysis of these aspects, the chapter aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of esophageal motility disorders and to guide effective clinical management and innovative therapeutic approaches.
Drug repositioning in the AI-driven era: data, approaches, and challenges
Authors: Wang Jing , Kong Siming , Bo Xiaochen , Wang Yunfang , He Song , Bai Hui
Published: September 2024

The advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized drug repositioning, transforming it into an indispensable strategy for accelerating drug discovery. This chapter offers an in-depth exploration of the multifaceted landscape of drug repositioning in the AI era, emphasizing the profound influence of AI on this domain and providing a roadmap for future research. Beginning with a brief summary of the data that form the bedrock of this field, biomedical databases encompassing drugs, diseases, molecular targets, and clinical data are introduced in detail. Then the experimental and computational approaches that underpin drug repositioning are further dissected, ranging from binding assays or phenotypic screening to the multi-omics methodologies and in silico technologies, with emphasis on AI-driven methods. Subsequently, successful drug repositioning cases across diverse diseases are highlighted. Finally, the importance of fully leveraging AI to address challenges in drug repositioning is underscored.
Perspective Chapter: Renewable Energy for Resilience and Sustainable Development after the Global Energy Crisis – The Case of Greece
Authors: Kostis Pantelis C. , Papandreou Andreas
Published: September 2024

This chapter articulates renewable energy’s critical role in enhancing Greece’s resilience and catalyzing sustainable development during the ongoing global energy crisis. Employing the prepositions of Resilience theory and Complex Systems Theory, the chapter presents a fossil-dependent country at the crossroads amid environmental and economic disruption. It reveals the potential characterized by the country’s renewable resources –solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal- and the consequent prospective transformation of the energy portfolio toward sustainability and resilience. Through the propositions of resilience analysis frameworks, the adaptive cycle, and the panarchy concept, the analysis exposes Greece’s quest for renewable energy adoption. The systemic barriers to the transition to renewable energy are identified, the potential solutions are discussed and recommendations for developing a path for the continued transformation of Greece’s energy sector while drawing lessons applicable to the Mediterranean and Europe are offered.
Functional Foods: Functional Ingredients, Sources and Classification, Health Claims, Food Intolerance, and Allergy
Authors: Tafese Awulachew Melaku
Published: September 2024

The public’s hunger for healthy foods has grown considerably during the last few decades. It stimulated the development of unique food products that have positive health effects beyond basic nourishment. Functional foods are natural or processed foods that include known or unknown biologically active ingredients that provide a clinically proven and confirmed health benefit for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases at specific, effective, and nontoxic doses. Following a thorough investigation of food labels that make health and nutrition claims, legislation to safeguard consumers from inaccurate information was introduced. As a result, more scientific investigations should include actual evidence before drawing broad judgments. It is critical to highlight that the interpretation of legislation promotes the legitimacy of functional food products. Separate pieces of legislation for both governing types are one way to ensure the right integration of functional foods. This will help customers distinguish between functional food products and those with stated health claims. This chapter examines functional foods from many sources, including their potential health benefits, health claims, food intolerance, and allergies.
Simulation of the Phenomenon of Hydrodynamic Erosion in Riverbeds
Authors: Luca Mihail , Branianu Petru-Daniel
Published: September 2024

A current field of research in the context of climate change is the morphological modification of the riverbeds where the undercrossing constructions of large-diameter pipelines are located. An excessive phenomenon of hydrodynamic erosion was studied for 18 years in a river bed with two arms, where the undercrossing of three pipes with diameters of 800–1000 mm is located. A hydraulic-mathematical model was created to simulate the phenomenon, especially the erosion depths on the watered perimeter. The research was carried out on a river section with a length of 420 m, width of 270 m, slope of 0.0876% slope, and water depth according to flow of 3.00–4.50 m. The model calculates parameters of the erosion phenomenon at the characteristic points on the watered perimeter of the river (tangential stress on the wetted perimeter, velocity at the wall, erosion depth, maximum diameter of the displaced particle, and others).
The Effect of a 12-week Plyometric Training on Growth Hormone, IGF-1 and Bone Health Indexes in Adolescent Boys
Authors: Azamian Jazi Akbar , Shoukohi Rihaneh
Published: September 2024

Background: During adolescence, physical activity influences bone mass, which is determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Objectives: This study examines the effect of plyometric exercises on serum markers in male adolescents, including growth hormone, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone, phosphate, and calcium. Methods: The study involved a sample of 30 male adolescents aged 15 years ± 6 months. The participants were divided into two groups: The first group, named the plyometric group (PG), included 15 adolescents who underwent plyometric training sessions three times a week for a duration of 12 weeks. The second group, called the control group (CG), consisted of 15 adolescents who only attended their normal school lessons without any physical training. Resting levels of GH, IGF-1, vitamin D, calcium, phosphate, and PTH were measured before and 48 hours after the last training session, along with bone mass density (BMD) measurements of the femoral neck, lumbar spine, and total body. To evaluate power, the vertical Sargent jump test was used. Results: The results indicate that the PG demonstrated significant improvements in BMD, explosive strength, GH, IGF-1, and vitamin D levels compared to the CG group (P < 0.05). Changes in phosphate, calcium, and PTH were not significant in the PG compared to the CG after 12 weeks of plyometric training (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The 12-week plyometric program resulted in notable enhancements in bone health, explosive strength, and anabolic hormones such as GH and IGF-1, as well as 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels.
Evaluating the Prevalence of Migraine Headache among Patients with Female-Pattern Baldness
Authors: Dastgheib Ladan , Moghaddamizadeh Shoushtari Samaneh , Abdollahi Melika , Ostovan Vahid Reza , Sadati Maryam Sadat
Published: September 2024

Background: According to WHO, migraine is a neurological disorder that has ranked third among the most prevalent medical conditions. Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), on the other hand, is a patterned hair loss disorder due to excessive response to androgens, affecting about half of the world's population. This disorder is presented by progressive hair loss in males and females after puberty, and sex hormones influence both diseases. Methods: A total of 50 women with clinically diagnosed AGA and a mean age of 37.5 referring to dermatology outpatient clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences during 2020 were included in this study. The control group consisted of 50 women of similar age without alopecia. Hair loss was evaluated using the Ludwig classification, and the Persian versions of migraine screen questionnaire (MS_Q) and migraine disability assessment tests (MIDAS) were used to assess migraine among participants. Pain intensity was also measured using the Visual Analog scale (VAS). Results: According to the MS_Q Questionnaire, seven females (14%) in the case group and six females (12%) in the control group had migraines, and no significant correlation was observed between migraine and AGA (P = 0.766). There was no significant correlation between Ludwig score and migraine disability score in the case group with migraine (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.367, P = 0.419). The only significant positive correlation was between Ludwig score and VAS in the case group with migraine (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.844, P = 0.017) Conclusions: Based on the results, no significant correlation was found between migraine and AGA.
Peningkatan Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pembangunan Desa Lokasi Baru Seluma: Kontribusi Mahasiswa KKN Terhadap Pembangunan Desa
Authors: Saepudin Saepudin , Lutfiatin Dwi Indah , Kristinawati Reni , Nugoro Ismail Adi , Pratama M. Habib , Lestari Veronika , Astuti Ella , Anggita Amelia , Amalia Sopi , Putriana Atika , Khansa Aqilah Luthfiyah
Published: September 2024

Village development is key to the success of national development. Village development has also been supported and established by the government through Law No. 6/2004 on Villages. There are two approaches to village development, namely village development and village development. In village development, community participation has a great influence. The village community is included in the subject of development. The way to increase community participation is to encourage the community to be directly involved in village development planning. Therefore, in this community empowerment activity, researchers take part in participating in village development as a community to encourage other community concerns to actively contribute. In addition, researchers build cooperation between each party involved in development to commit together to achieve common goals. However, in reality, there are factors that can influence community participation, both internal and external. This study will further examine the influence of researcher participation in increasing community participation and what factors influence community participation. The method used in this research is the ZOPP (Ziel, Oriented, Project, and Planning) method. The result of this activity is that the activities that have been carried out have formed a commitment from each party in realizing village development. It should also be noted that community participation is also influenced by two factors, namely internal and external. In this study, the researcher has shown his participation attitude as a community. What the village government must do is to increase community participation by showing good leadership and communication.
The current state of the meaning-forming component of professional creative thinking
Authors: Козьяков Р.В.
Published: September 2024

в статье рассматривается актуальность смыслообразующего компонента профессионального креативного мышления. Рассмотрены основные методологические подходы отечественных ученых А.В. Брушлинского, Д.Б. Богоявленской и культурно-исторический подход, активно развиваемый в отечественной психологии, 2024 году данному подходу отмечается 100 летний юбилей со дня основания. Представлен краткий исторический анализ основных работ ученых, работающих в рамках культурно-исторического направления. В заключении представлены выводы по результатам проведенного исследования.

the article examines the relevance of the meaning-forming component of professional creative thinking. The main methodological approaches of domestic scientists A.V. Brushlinsky, D. B. Bogoyavlenskaya and the cultural and historical approach, actively developed in Russian psychology, are considered. In 2024, this approach marks the 100th anniversary of its foundation. A brief historical analysis of the main works of scientists working within the framework of the cultural and historical direction is presented. In conclusion, the conclusions based on the results of the study are presented.
Marco procedimental para examinar el impacto potencial de la desnutrición en el desempeño cognitivo, emocional y sus implicaciones en el “hacerse-a-sí-mismo” en escolares de Caracas.
Authors: Figueroa-Amaral Jerelyn , Yepez Mariana , Rodríguez Iranzo Alfredo , Tortorici Victor
Published: September 2024

El ser humano constituye una realidad biopsicosocial (OMS, 2021), y no debe entenderse sólo como lo que es, en lo concreto, sino también como todo lo que aún tiene posibilidad de ser. En este sentido, el propósito de este estudio fue desarrollar un marco procedimental que permitiese examinar, a futuro, los posibles efectos de la desnutrición en el desempeño cognitivo y emocional, así como sus implicaciones en el “hacerse-a-sí-mismo”, en niños del área metropolitana de Caracas, con edades comprendidas entre los 8 y 12 años. Para ello, se realizó una revisión teórica alrededor del concepto de desnutrición y su relación con las variables anteriormente expuestas. Además, se exploraron las posturas filosóficas sobre la persona humana propuestas por Heidegger, Stein y Zubiri. A nivel metodológico, el estudio se enmarcó dentro de las pretensiones científicas de un proyecto factible, que se planteó desde una perspectiva mixta, que comprendió una primera fase de recolección de datos cuantitativos a través de cuatro pruebas de los dominios emocional y cognitivo de la batería neuroconductual NIH Toolbox, a la cual le siguió un análisis estadístico de los resultados y una integración cualitativa de naturaleza especulativa-hermenéutica, relativa a la constitución y el desarrollo de la persona humana en los niños evaluados. La muestra estuvo conformada por niños beneficiarios del Centro de Atención Nutricional Infantil de Antímano (CANIA) y, por tanto, fue no-probabilística y propositiva.
El análisis de factibilidad se realizó con una muestra piloto de 11 sujetos en las edades mencionadas, arrojando como resultado que la desnutrición podría ser un factor de importancia en el desarrollo cognitivo-emocional de los evaluados. Además, se encontró que la escolaridad de la madre, las comorbilidades fisiológicas y las situaciones de maltrato infantil podrían también incidir en el desempeño y la recuperación de los niños en las áreas mencionadas. Se logró inferir que la desnutrición, de hecho, podría traer consecuencias negativas en el hacerse-a-sí-mismo de los seres humanos, en tanto, la apropiación y concretización de sus propias potencialidades se encontrase limitada por un desarrollo neuropsicológico alejado de las condiciones óptimas. Sin embargo, fue posible dilucidar que el afecto y el cuidado materno podrían catalizar las posibilidades de recuperación y desarrollo de los niños afectados. Es importante recalcar que todo el análisis se realizó a partir de una experiencia piloto y que, a fin de tener certeza estadística, sería necesario llevar a término el proyecto de manera definitiva.
Feasibility Of Electronic Comics For The Introduction Of Clean And Healthy Living Behaviors At Mulya Fajar Kindergarten, Indragiri Hulu Regency
Authors: Rivo Panji Yudha  , Rika Sepriani
Published: September 2024

This research aims to develop an electronic comic (e-comic) as an innovative learning medium for introducing clean and healthy living behaviors at Mulya Fajar Kindergarten in Indragiri Hulu Regency. The e-comic is designed to enhance the interest and understanding of 4-5-year-old children in the importance of maintaining a clean and healthy lifestyle, which is a crucial aspect of early childhood education. The research began with an initial study to gather information and understand the current situation of teaching and learning activities at Mulya Fajar Kindergarten, particularly in the context of teaching about clean and healthy living. The researcher conducted observations and interviews with the school supervisor and teachers to identify any issues in the learning process, especially related to the introduction of clean and healthy living behaviors. The design of the e-comic was planned in stages, considering the appropriate materials for children to learn about clean and healthy living, the amount of information to be introduced, and any obstacles faced by teachers or students in teaching these concepts. The e-comic was created using the Canva platform, which offers a variety of tools for drawing illustrations, applying color palettes, adding text and dialog balloons, and incorporating graphic elements relevant to the theme of cleanliness and health. The final product of this research is an e-comic that has been tested and revised to ensure its quality and effectiveness. The e-comic is intended for use as an electronic learning medium for children aged 4-5 at Mulya Fajar Kindergarten in Indragiri Hulu Regency. The research also includes a statement of originality, confirming that the work is the researcher's own and free from plagiarism, and a validation sheet for the progress of the research project. The e-comic is expected to be a specific product that can be used to introduce clean and healthy living behaviors to young children, promoting interactive visual narratives that can develop children's language skills and creativity, as well as providing teachers with creative and innovative experiences to teach these concepts.