bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual-comb photoacoustic spectroscopy
Authors: Friedlein Jacob T. , Baumann Esther , Briggman Kimberly A. , Colacion Gabriel M. , Giorgetta Fabrizio R. , Goldfain Aaron M. , Herman Daniel I. , Hoenig Eli V. , Hwang Jeeseong , Newbury Nathan R. , Perez Edgar F. , Yung Christopher S. , Coddington Ian , Cossel Kevin C.
Published: June 2020

Spectrally resolved photoacoustic imaging is promising for label-free imaging in optically scattering materials. However, this technique often requires acquisition of a separate image at each wavelength of interest. This reduces imaging speeds and causes errors if the sample changes in time between images acquired at different wavelengths. We demonstrate a solution to this problem by using dual-comb spectroscopy for photoacoustic measurements. This approach enables a photoacoustic measurement at thousands of wavelengths simultaneously. In this technique, two optical-frequency combs are interfered on a sample and the resulting pressure wave is measured with an ultrasound transducer. This acoustic signal is processed in the frequency-domain to obtain an optical absorption spectrum. For a proof-of-concept demonstration, we measure photoacoustic signals from polymer films. The absorption spectra obtained from these measurements agree with those measured using a spectrophotometer. Improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the dual-comb photoacoustic spectrometer could enable high-speed spectrally resolved photoacoustic imaging.
Direct observation of independently moving replisomes in Escherichia coli
Authors: Japaridze Aleksandre , Gogou Christos , Kerssemakers Jacob W. J. , Nguyen Huyen My , Dekker Cees
Published: June 2020

The replication and transfer of genomic material from a cell to its progeny are vital processes in all living systems. Here we visualize the process of chromosome replication in widened E. coli cells. Monitoring the replication of single chromosomes yields clear examples of replication bubbles that reveal that the two replisomes move independently from the origin to the terminus of replication along each of the two arms of the circular chromosome, providing direct support for the so-called train-track model, and against a factory model for replisomes. The origin of replication duplicates near midcell, initially splitting to random directions and subsequently towards the poles. The probability of successful segregation of chromosomes significantly decreases with increasing cell width, indicating that chromosome confinement by the cell boundary is an important driver of DNA segregation. Our findings resolve long standing questions in bacterial chromosome organization.
Heterogeneously integrated flexible microwave amplifiers on a cellulose nanofibril substrate
Authors: Zhang Huilong , Li Jinghao , Liu Dong , Min Seunghwan , Chang Tzu-Hsuan , Xiong Kanglin , Park Sung Hyun , Kim Jisoo , Jung Yei Hwan , Park Jeongpil , Lee Juhwan , Han Jung , Katehi Linda , Cai Zhiyong , Gong Shaoqin , Ma Zhenqiang
Published: June 2020

Low-cost flexible microwave circuits with compact size and light weight are highly desirable for flexible wireless communication and other miniaturized microwave systems. However, the prevalent studies on flexible microwave electronics have only focused on individual flexible microwave elements such as transistors, inductors, capacitors, and transmission lines. Thinning down supporting substrate of rigid chip-based monolithic microwave integrated circuits has been the only approach toward flexible microwave integrated circuits. Here, we report a flexible microwave integrated circuit strategy integrating membrane AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor with passive impedance matching networks on cellulose nanofibril paper. The strategy enables a heterogeneously integrated and, to our knowledge, the first flexible microwave amplifier that can output 10 mW power beyond 5 GHz and can also be easily disposed of due to the use of cellulose nanofibril paper as the circuit substrate. The demonstration represents a critical step forward in realizing flexible wireless communication devices.
Dataset of segmented nuclei in hematoxylin and eosin stained histopathology images of ten cancer types
Authors: Hou Le , Gupta Rajarsi , Van Arnam John S. , Zhang Yuwei , Sivalenka Kaustubh , Samaras Dimitris , Kurc Tahsin M. , Saltz Joel H.
Published: June 2020

The distribution and appearance of nuclei are essential markers for the diagnosis and study of cancer. Despite the importance of nuclear morphology, there is a lack of large scale, accurate, publicly accessible nucleus segmentation data. To address this, we developed an analysis pipeline that segments nuclei in whole slide tissue images from multiple cancer types with a quality control process. We have generated nucleus segmentation results in 5,060 Whole Slide Tissue images from 10 cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas. One key component of our work is that we carried out a multi-level quality control process (WSI-level and image patch-level), to evaluate the quality of our segmentation results. The image patch-level quality control used manual segmentation ground truth data from 1,356 sampled image patches. The datasets we publish in this work consist of roughly 5 billion quality controlled nuclei from more than 5,060 TCGA WSIs from 10 different TCGA cancer types and 1,356 manually segmented TCGA image patches from the same 10 cancer types plus additional 4 cancer types.
Identification of a periodontal pathogen and bihormonal cells in pancreatic islets of humans and a mouse model of periodontitis
Authors: Ilievski Vladimir , Toth Peter T. , Valyi-Nagy Klara , Valyi-Nagy Tibor , Green Stefan J. , Marattil Rosann S. , Aljewari Haider W. , Wicksteed Barton , O’Brien-Simpson Neil M. , Reynolds Eric C. , Layden Brian T. , Unterman Terry G. , Watanabe Keiko
Published: June 2020

Results from epidemiological and prospective studies indicate a close association between periodontitis and diabetes. However the mechanisms by which periodontal pathogens influence the development of prediabetes/diabetes are not clear. We previously reported that oral administration of a periodontal pathogen, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) to WT mice results in insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and glucose intolerance and that Pg translocates to the pancreas. In the current study, we determined the specific localization of Pg in relation to mouse and human pancreatic α- and β-cells using 3-D confocal and immunofluorescence microscopy and orthogonal analyses. Pg/gingipain is intra- or peri-nuclearly localized primarily in β-cells in experimental mice and also in human post-mortem pancreatic samples. We also identified bihormonal cells in experimental mice as well as human pancreatic samples. A low percentage of bihormonal cells has intracellular Pg in both humans and experimental mice. Our data show that the number of Pg translocated to the pancreas correlates with the number of bihormonal cells in both mice and humans. Our findings suggest that Pg/gingipain translocates to pancreas, particularly β-cells in both humans and mice, and this is strongly associated with emergence of bihormonal cells.
Author Correction: Effect of induced hypoglycemia on inflammation and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes and control subjects
Authors: Kahal Hassan , Halama Anna , Aburima Ahmed , Bhagwat Aditya M. , Butler Alexandra E. , Graumann Johannes , Suhre Karsten , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Atkin Stephen L.
Published: June 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Compressive Sensing for Dynamic XRF Scanning
Authors: Kourousias George , Billè Fulvio , Borghes Roberto , Alborini Antonio , Sala Simone , Alberti Roberto , Gianoncelli Alessandra
Published: June 2020

X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) scanning is a widespread technique of high importance and impact since it provides chemical composition maps crucial for several scientific investigations. There are continuous requirements for larger, faster and highly resolved acquisitions in order to study complex structures. Among the scientific applications that benefit from it, some of them, such as wide scale brain imaging, are prohibitively difficult due to time constraints. However, typically the overall XRF imaging performance is improving through technological progress on XRF detectors and X-ray sources. This paper suggests an additional approach where XRF scanning is performed in a sparse way by skipping specific points or by varying dynamically acquisition time or other scan settings in a conditional manner. This paves the way for Compressive Sensing in XRF scans where data are acquired in a reduced manner allowing for challenging experiments, currently not feasible with the traditional scanning strategies. A series of different compressive sensing strategies for dynamic scans are presented here. A proof of principle experiment was performed at the TwinMic beamline of Elettra synchrotron. The outcome demonstrates the potential of Compressive Sensing for dynamic scans, suggesting its use in challenging scientific experiments while proposing a technical solution for beamline acquisition software.
The correlation between family relationships and brain activity within the reward circuit in adolescents with Internet gaming disorder
Authors: Hwang Hyunchan , Hong Jisun , Kim Sun Mi , Han Doug Hyun
Published: June 2020

Disrupted reward circuits and diminished behavioural control have been suggested as the pathophysiologies of Internet gaming disorder (IGD). Family functioning is thought to play an important role in reward-related control. We hypothesized that adolescents with IGD show disrupted patterns of family relationships, which are associated with brain activity within the reward circuit. 42 adolescents with IGD without comorbidities and 41 healthy controls were assessed for family function and psychological states using the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (K-WISC), Korean version of DuPaul’s attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Rating Scale (K-ARS), Young Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS), Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the relationship domain of the Family Environmental Scale (FES-R). Brain activity was assessed via resting-state fMRI. Adolescents with IGD showed increased K-ARS, BAI, and YIAS scores, but decreased FES-R and FES-cohesion subscale scores; YIAS scores were negatively correlated with FES-R scores. Brain connectivity from the cingulate to the striatum was decreased, positively correlated with FES-R scores, and negatively correlated with IGD severity. Adolescents with IGD showed disrupted family relationships, which was associated with the severity of the disorder, and dis-connectivity within the reward circuit.
Dynamic Network Characteristics of Power-electronics-based Power Systems
Authors: Ji Yuxi , He Wei , Cheng Shijie , Kurths Jürgen , Zhan Meng
Published: June 2020

Power flow studies in traditional power systems aim to uncover the stationary relationship between voltage amplitude and phase and active and reactive powers; they are important for both stationary and dynamic power system analysis. With the increasing penetration of large-scale power electronics devices including renewable generations interfaced with converters, the power systems become gradually power-electronics-dominant and correspondingly their dynamical behavior changes substantially. Due to the fast dynamics of converters, such as AC current controller, the quasi-stationary state approximation, which has been widely used in power systems, is no longer appropriate and should be reexamined. In this paper, for a better description of network characteristics, we develop a novel concept of dynamic power flow and uncover an explicit dynamic relation between the instantaneous powers and the voltage vectors. This mathematical relation has been well verified by simulations on transient analysis of a small power-electronics-based power system, and a small-signal frequency-domain stability analysis of a voltage source converter connected to an infinitely strong bus. These results demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method and shed an improved light on our understanding of power-electronics-dominant power systems, whose dynamical nature remains obscure.
Irritable bowel syndrome increases the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Lai Hsiang-Chun , Lin Hung-Jen , Kao Yi-Wei , Wang Kai-Hsun , Chou Jen-Wei , Shia Ben-Chang , Huang Sheng-Teng
Published: June 2020

Both inflammation and infection are associated with the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The purpose of this study is to further elucidate the association between IBS and COPD through a retrospective cohort study. We enrolled IBS patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2011 with follow-up for at least one year. The non-IBS patients as comparison group were selected with 1:3 matching by propensity score. Statistical analysis was utilized to assess the differences in characteristic distribution, and to compare the cumulative incidence of COPD between the IBS and non-IBS cohorts. We selected 14,021 IBS patients and 42,068 non-IBS patients for comparison. The IBS patients exhibited a significant risk to develop COPD compared with non-IBS patients. Additionally, the cumulative incidence rate of COPD in the IBS cohort increased significantly during the follow-up period of more than ten years, compared to the non-IBS cohort, based on the Kaplan-Meier analysis. The risk of COPD was also significantly decreased in those patients with more than eighteen IBS-related clinical visits. This retrospective cohort study demonstrates the significantly increased risk of COPD in patients with IBS. Therefore, early inspection and prevention of COPD is essential for patients with IBS.
Relationship between the IL-1β serum concentration, mRNA levels and rs16944 genotype in the hyperglycemic normalization of T2D patients
Authors: Iglesias Molli Andrea Elena , Bergonzi María Fernanda , Spalvieri Mónica Paula , Linari María Amelia , Frechtel Gustavo Daniel , Cerrone Gloria Edith
Published: June 2020

To evaluate Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1β) serum and mononuclear leucocyte mRNA levels, also rs16944 (−511C/T) genotype, in relation to hyperglycemic normalization in Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, we recruited 30 individuals recently T2D diagnosed with hyperglycemia studied at basal time and after 6 and 12 months of the normalization treatment. At basal time, the T polymorphic allele of the rs16944 was associated with lower IL-1β mRNA expression (p = 0.006); and higher glucose level was positive correlated to IL-1β protein levels (p = 0.015). After treatment, the individuals showed a significant decrease in glucose level (p = 0.003), but they did not express significant changes in the IL-1β serum levels. Surprisingly, we observed that the greater decreases in glucose level were associated to increased IL-1β serum levels (p = 0.040). This is the first follow-up study evaluating IL-1β mRNA expression and serum levels in hyperglycemic T2D individuals and after glycemic normalization treatment. The current results contribute to the knowledge of the relationship between inflammation and glucose metabolism in T2D.
Reproductive hormones mediate changes in the gut microbiome during pregnancy and lactation in Phayre’s leaf monkeys
Authors: Mallott Elizabeth K. , Borries Carola , Koenig Andreas , Amato Katherine R. , Lu Amy
Published: June 2020

Studies in multiple host species have shown that gut microbial diversity and composition change during pregnancy and lactation. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these shifts are not well understood. Here, we use longitudinal data from wild Phayre’s leaf monkeys to test the hypothesis that fluctuations in reproductive hormone concentrations contribute to gut microbial shifts during pregnancy. We described the microbial taxonomic composition of 91 fecal samples from 15 females (n = 16 cycling, n = 36 pregnant, n = 39 lactating) using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and assessed whether the resulting data were better explained by overall reproductive stage or by fecal estrogen (fE) and progesterone (fP) concentrations. Our results indicate that while overall reproductive stage affected gut microbiome composition, the observed patterns were driven by reproductive hormones. Females had lower gut microbial diversity during pregnancy and fP concentrations were negatively correlated with diversity. Additionally, fP concentrations predicted both unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances, while reproductive state only predicted unweighted UniFrac distances. Seasonality (rainfall and periods of phytoprogestin consumption) additionally influenced gut microbial diversity and composition. Our results indicate that reproductive hormones, specifically progestagens, contribute to the shifts in the gut microbiome during pregnancy and lactation.
Diversity and function of terpene synthases in the production of carrot aroma and flavor compounds
Authors: Muchlinski Andrew , Ibdah Mwafaq , Ellison Shelby , Yahyaa Mossab , Nawade Bhagwat , Laliberte Suzanne , Senalik Douglas , Simon Philipp , Whitehead Susan R. , Tholl Dorothea
Published: June 2020

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is an important root vegetable crop with high nutritional value, characteristic flavor, and benefits to human health. D. carota tissues produce an essential oil that is rich in volatile terpenes and plays a major role in carrot aroma and flavor. Although terpene composition represents a critical quality attribute of carrots, little is known about the biosynthesis of terpenes in this crop. Here, we functionally characterized 19 terpene synthase (TPS) genes in an orange carrot (genotype DH1) and compared tissue-specific expression profiles and in vitro products of their recombinant proteins with volatile terpene profiles from DH1 and four other colored carrot genotypes. In addition to the previously reported (E)-β-caryophyllene synthase (DcTPS01), we biochemically characterized several TPS proteins with direct correlations to major compounds of carrot flavor and aroma including germacrene D (DcTPS7/11), γ-terpinene (DcTPS30) and α-terpinolene (DcTPS03). Random forest analysis of volatiles from colored carrot cultivars identified nine terpenes that were clearly distinct among the cultivars and likely contribute to differences in sensory quality. Correlation of TPS gene expression and terpene metabolite profiles supported the function of DcTPS01 and DcTPS03 in these cultivars. Our findings provide a roadmap for future breeding efforts to enhance carrot flavor and aroma.
Germline mutation rates in young adults predict longevity and reproductive lifespan
Authors: Cawthon Richard M. , Meeks Huong D. , Sasani Thomas A. , Smith Ken R. , Kerber Richard A. , O’Brien Elizabeth , Baird Lisa , Dixon Melissa M. , Peiffer Andreas P. , Leppert Mark F. , Quinlan Aaron R. , Jorde Lynn B.
Published: June 2020

Ageing may be due to mutation accumulation across the lifespan, leading to tissue dysfunction, disease, and death. We tested whether germline autosomal mutation rates in young adults predict their remaining survival, and, for women, their reproductive lifespans. Age-adjusted mutation rates (AAMRs) in 61 women and 61 men from the Utah CEPH (Centre d’Etude du Polymorphisme Humain) families were determined. Age at death, cause of death, all-site cancer incidence, and reproductive histories were provided by the Utah Population Database, Utah Cancer Registry, and Utah Genetic Reference Project. Higher AAMRs were significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality in both sexes combined. Subjects in the top quartile of AAMRs experienced more than twice the mortality of bottom quartile subjects (hazard ratio [HR], 2.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–3.56; p = 0.008; median survival difference = 4.7 years). Fertility analyses were restricted to women whose age at last birth (ALB) was ≥ 30 years, the age when fertility begins to decline. Women with higher AAMRs had significantly fewer live births and a younger ALB. Adult germline mutation accumulation rates are established in adolescence, and later menarche in women is associated with delayed mutation accumulation. We conclude that germline mutation rates in healthy young adults may provide a measure of both reproductive and systemic ageing. Puberty may induce the establishment of adult mutation accumulation rates, just when DNA repair systems begin their lifelong decline.
Evaluation of Anti-proliferative Effects of Barringtonia racemosa and Gallic Acid on Caco-2 Cells
Authors: Ho Ivan Y. M. , Abdul Aziz Azlina , Mat Junit Sarni
Published: June 2020

Barringtonia racemosa leaf water extract (BLE) had been shown to have high gallic acid (GA) content and BLE has been postulated to have anti-proliferative effects towards colorectal cancer. This study aims to further investigate the mechanism underlying the anti-proliferative effect of BLE in Caco-2 cells and to determine if GA is responsible for the observed effects. Both BLE and GA inhibited Caco-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Cells exposed to IC50 concentration of BLE and GA showed reduced antioxidant activities. GA-treated Caco-2 cells experienced higher oxidative stress compared to cells treated with BLE. Both BLE and GA significantly up-regulated the expression of SLC2A1. BLE but not GA, significantly down-regulated the expression of ADH4. Meanwhile, GA but not BLE, significantly up-regulated AKRIB10 and GLO1 but significantly down-regulated HAGH. Alterations in gene expression were coupled with changes in extracellular glucose and pyruvate levels. While BLE decreased intracellular pyruvate, GA did the opposite. Both intracellular and extracellular D-lactate were not affected by either BLE or GA. GA showed more pronounced effects on apoptosis while BLE irreversibly reduced cell percentage in the G0/G1 phase. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the multiple-actions of BLE against Caco-2 cells, potentially involving various polyphenolic compounds, including GA.
Isolation and characterization of a salt-tolerant denitrifying bacterium Alishewanella sp. F2 from seawall muddy water
Authors: Cheng Rui , Wang Xinyi , Zhu Hui , Yan Baixing , Shutes Brian , Xu Yingying , Fu Baorong , Wen Huiyang
Published: June 2020

A salt-tolerant denitrifying bacterium strain F2 was isolated from seawall muddy water in Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China. Strain F2 was identified by morphological observations, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16 S rDNA identification. The salt tolerance of strain F2 was verified and the factors affecting the removal ability of strain F2 to nitrous nitrogen (NO2–N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3–N) in saline conditions were investigated. Strain F2 was identified as Alishewanella sp., named Alishewanella sp. F2. Strain F2 can tolerate NaCl concentrations up to 70 g/L, and its most efficient denitrification capacity was observed at NaCl concentrations of 0−30 g/L. In the medium with NaCl concentrations of 0−30 g/L, strain F2 exhibited high removal efficiencies of NO2–N and NO3–N, with the removal percentages for both NO2–N and NO3–N of approximately 99%. In saline conditions with 30 g/L NaCl, the optimum culture pH, NaNO2 initial concentrations and inoculation sizes of strain F2 were 8−10, 0.4−0.8 g/L and 5−7%, respectively. Strain F2 was highly effective in removing NO2–N and NO3–N in saline conditions, and it has a good application potential in saline wastewater treatment.
Clinical and Radiographic Features of Cryptococcal Neoformans Meningitis-associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome
Authors: Wu Gang , Guo Xiumei , Wang Yan , Hu Zhijian
Published: June 2020

Cryptococcal meningitis is the most common intracranial infectious fungal disease. After a period of antifungal treatment, as the number of cells in the cerebrospinal fluid decreases, the biochemical indexes improve and the number of cryptococcus reduces, the patient’s condition suddenly worsen. Most of the symptoms are severe headache, raised intracranial pressure, together with impaired clinical nerve function. These presentations are often mistaken for a failure of antifungal treatment. In fact it’s an encephalitis syndrome which is unrecognized by most clinicians: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). To increase awareness we retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 100 cases of cryptococcal neoformans meningitis, among which 26 patients develop CM-IRIS. All patients have been divided into three groups: Group 1, patients who were not treated with glucocorticoid and didn’t experienced IRIS; Group 2, patients who were not treated with glucocorticoid although developed CM-IRIS; Group 3, patients started treatment with glucocorticoid for two weeks with new onset CM-IRIS. Compared with the group treated with glucocorticoid, treatment without glucocorticoid was subjected to a higher risk of incident IRIS. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Imaging findings demonstrated diseased area of the white matter area, and it looked like commonly in the supratentorial region. Moreover, if it appears in the infratentorial region then must be combined with supratentorial region.
Construction of a high density linkage map in Oil Palm using SPET markers
Authors: Herrero Javier , Santika Baitha , Herrán Ana , Erika Pratiwi , Sarimana Upit , Wendra Fahmi , Sembiring Zulhermana , Asmono Dwi , Ritter Enrique
Published: June 2020

A high-density genetic linkage map from a controlled cross of two oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) genotypes was constructed based on Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET) markers. A 5K panel of hybridization probes were used for this purpose which was derived from previously developed SNP primers in oil palm. Initially, 13,384 SNPs were detected which were reduced to 13,073 SNPs after filtering for only bi-allelic SNP. Around 75% of the markers were found to be monomorphic in the progeny, reducing the markers left for linkage mapping to 3,501. Using Lep-MAP3 software, a linkage map was constructed which contained initially 2,388 markers and had a total length of 1,370 cM. In many cases several adjacent SNP were located on the same locus, due to missing recombination events between them, leading to a total of 1,054 loci on the 16 LG. Nevertheless, the marker density of 1.74 markers per cM (0.57 cM/marker) should allow the detection of QTLs in the future. This study shows that cost efficient SPET markers are suitable for linkage map construction in oil palm and probably, also in other species.
Lytic potential of Lysobacter capsici VKM B-2533T: bacteriolytic enzymes and outer membrane vesicles
Authors: Afoshin A. S. , Kudryakova I. V. , Borovikova A. O. , Suzina N. E. , Toropygin I. Yu. , Shishkova N. A. , Vasilyeva N. V.
Published: June 2020

Recent recurrent outbreaks of bacterial resistance to antibiotics have shown the critical need to identify new lytic agents to combat them. The species Lysobacter capsici VKM B-2533T possesses a potent antimicrobial action against a number of bacteria, fungi and yeasts. Its activity can be due to the impact of bacteriolytic enzymes, antibiotics and peptides. This work isolated four homogeneous bacteriolytic enzymes and a mixture of two proteins, which also had a bacteriolytic activity. The isolates included proteins identical to L. enzymogenes α- and β-lytic proteases and lysine-specific protease. The proteases of 26 kDa and 29 kDa and a protein identified as N-acetylglycosaminidase had not been isolated in Lysobacter earlier. The isolated β-lytic protease digested live methicillin-resistant staphylococcal cells with high efficiency (minimal inhibitory concentration, 2.85 μg/mL). This property makes the enzyme deserving special attention. A recombinant β-lytic protease was produced. The antimicrobial potential of the bacterium was contributed to by outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). L. capsici cells were found to form a group of OMVs responsible for antifungal activity. The data are indicative of a significant antimicrobial potential of this bacterium that requires thorough research.
Development and Validation of Prediction Model for Risk Reduction of Metabolic Syndrome by Body Weight Control: A Prospective Population-based Study
Authors: Lee Solam , Lee Hunju , Choi Jung Ran , Koh Sang Baek
Published: June 2020

Several studies have reported that weight control is of paramount importance in reducing the risk of metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, this well-known association does not provide any practical information on how much weight loss in a given period would reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome in individuals in a personalized setting. This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction model for metabolic syndrome in 2 years, based on an individual’s baseline health status and body weight after 2 years. We recruited 3,447 and 3,874 participants from the Ansan and Anseong cohorts of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, respectively. Among the former, 8636 longitudinal observations of 2,412 participants (70%) and 3,570 of 1,034 (30%) were used for training and internal validation, respectively. Among the latter, all 15,739 observations of 3,874 participants were used for external validation. Compared to logistic regression, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, random forest, and deep neural network, XGBoost showed the highest performance (area under curve of 0.879) and a significantly enhanced calibration of the predictive score with the prevalence rate. The model was ported onto an application to provide the 2-year probability of developing metabolic syndrome by simulating selected target body weights, based on an individual’s baseline health profiles. Further prospective studies are required to determine whether weight-control programs could lead to favorable health outcomes.
A natural polymer based bioadhesive with self-healing behavior and improved antibacterial properties
Authors: Ke Xiang , Dong Zhiyun , Tang Shuxian , Chu Wenlin , Zheng Xiaoran , Zhen Li , Chen Xingyu , Ding Chunmei , Luo Jun , Li Jianshu
Published: June 2020

Bioadhesives are of great interest for tissue/wound closure to reduce surgical time, minimize treatment invasiveness, and prevent body fluid leakage.
Rhodium-catalyzed regio- and enantioselective allylic alkylation of pyrazol-5-ones with alkynes
Authors: Ji Ding-Wei , Yang Fan , Chen Bing-Zhi , Min Xiang-Ting , Kuai Chang-Sheng , Hu Yan-Cheng , Chen Qing-An
Published: June 2020

An atom-economical, regio- and enantioselective allylic alkylation of pyrazol-5-ones with alkynes was developed under rhodium catalysis.
Flow-driven crystal growth of lithium phosphate in microchannels
Authors: Emmanuel Michael , Horváth Dezső , Tóth Ágota
Published: June 2020

Flow-driven asymmetric growth of lithium phosphate in the presence of concentration gradients in a microchannel.
First-principles study on the anisotropic transport of electrons and phonons in monolayer and bulk GaTe: a comparative study
Authors: Zhang Kai-Cheng , Li Yong-Feng , Liu Yong , Zhu Yan
Published: June 2020

Both bulk and monolayer GaTe have large anisotropy in thermal conductivity and carrier mobilities.
Kinetics and dynamics study of the OH + C2H6 → H2O + C2H5 reaction based on an analytical global potential energy surface
Authors: Rangel C. , Garcia-Chamorro M. , Corchado J. C. , Espinosa-Garcia J.
Published: June 2020

To describe the gas-phase hydrogen abstraction reaction between the hydroxyl radical and the ethane molecule, an analytical full-dimensional potential energy surface was developed within the Born–Oppenheimer approximation.
Reactivity of a formal Cu(iii)-alkyl species toward aniline: a DFT investigation
Authors: Xu Xinyu
Published: June 2020

In this work, through theoretical investigation of the reactivity between a formal Cu(iii)-alkyl species and aniline, we demonstrated the possibility of a SN2-like C–N coupling mechanism.
Degradable pH-responsive NIR-II imaging probes based on a polymer-lanthanide composite for chemotherapy
Authors: Feng Miao , Wang Yanxing , Lin Bi , Peng Xiangrong , Yuan Ying , Tao Xiaofeng , Lv Ruichan
Published: June 2020

A pH-sensitive nanoprobe was proposed by combining hydrophobic rare earth nanoparticles with biocompatible nanomicelles for near infrared-II (NIR-II) imaging-guided chemotherapy.
Opportunities for nanotechnology to enhance electrochemical treatment of pollutants in potable water and industrial wastewater – a perspective
Authors: Garcia-Segura Sergi , Qu Xiaolei , Alvarez Pedro J. J. , Chaplin Brian P. , Chen Wei , Crittenden John C. , Feng Yujie , Gao Guandao , He Zhen , Hou Chia-Hung , Hu Xiao , Jiang Guibin , Kim Jae-Hong , Li Jiansheng , Li Qilin , Ma Jie , Ma Jinxing , Nienhauser Alec Brockway , Niu Junfeng , Pan Bingcai , Quan Xie , Ronzani Filippo , Villagran Dino , Waite T. David , Walker W. Shane , Wang Can , Wong Michael S. , Westerhoff Paul
Published: June 2020

An international workshop identified how pore structures and unique properties that emerge at nano- to sub-nano- size domains can improve the energy efficiency and selectivity of electroseparation or electrocatalytic processes for treating water.
UVC-based advanced oxidation processes for simultaneous removal of microcontaminants and pathogens from simulated municipal wastewater at pilot plant scale
Authors: Sánchez-Montes Isaac , Salmerón García Irene , Rivas Ibañez Gracia , Aquino José Mario , Polo-López María Inmaculada , Malato Sixto , Oller Isabel
Published: June 2020

The challenge of providing good quality reclaimed water free from contaminants of emerging concern, even at small concentrations, i.e., microcontaminants (MCs) and pathogens are main hot topics worldwide.
Mechanochemical synthesis of Cu2S bonded 2D-sulfonated organic polymers: continuous production of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) via preheating of reactants
Authors: Kumar Subodh , Gawande Manoj B. , Medřík Ivo , Petr Martin , Tomanec Ondřej , Kupka Vojtěch , Varma Rajender S. , Zbořil Radek
Published: June 2020

High-yield continuous synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) via preheating of carbon dioxide and methanol without using dehydrating agents.
Mechanisms and modelling of phosphorus solid–liquid transformation during the hydrothermal processing of swine manure
Authors: Deng Yaxin , Zhang Tao , Clark James , Aminabhavi Tejraj , Kruse Andrea , Tsang Daniel C. W. , Sharma Brajendra K. , Zhang Fusuo , Ren Hongqiang
Published: June 2020

Influence of exogenous and endogenous factors on phosphorus solid–liquid transformation during the hydrothermal processing of swine manure.
DFT and hybrid-DFT calculations on the electronic properties of vanadate materials: theory meets experiments
Authors: Schira Romain , Latouche Camille
Published: June 2020

Herein is presented a theoretical study of the electronic structure and optical properties of six vanadium oxides: Sr2V2O7, Ba2V2O7, Ca2VO4Cl, Sr2VO4Cl, Mg3V2O8 and Zn3V2O8.
A simple and sensitive fluorescent sensor platform for Al3+ sensing in aqueous media and monitoring through combined PET and ESIPT mechanisms: practical applications in drinking water and bio-imaging
Authors: Aydin Duygu , Gunay Ibrahim Berk , Karuk Elmas Sukriye Nihan , Savran Tahir , Arslan Fatma Nur , Sadi Gokhan , Yilmaz Ibrahim
Published: June 2020

A novel hydrazide-based probe was designed and prepared as a fluorogenic “turn-on” sensor for Al3+ sensing in aqueous media.
Mn-Doping-induced hierarchical petal growth of a flower-like 3D MOF assembled with black phosphorous nanosheets as an electrochemical aptasensor of human stress-induced phosphoprotein 1
Authors: Sun Zejun , Jin Hui , Sun Yujiao , Jiang Xiaowen , Gui Rijun
Published: June 2020

Mn-Doping-induced hierarchical petal growth of a flower-like 3D MOF assembled with black phosphorous nanosheets as an electrochemical aptasensor of STIP1.
Correction: Half-sandwich (η5-Cp*)Rh(iii) complexes of pyrazolated organo-sulfur/selenium/tellurium ligands: efficient catalysts for base/solvent free C–N coupling of chloroarenes under aerobic conditions
Authors: Sharma Charu , Srivastava Avinash Kumar , Sharma Kamal Nayan , Joshi Raj Kumar
Published: June 2020

Correction for ‘Half-sandwich (η5-Cp*)Rh(iii) complexes of pyrazolated organo-sulfur/selenium/tellurium ligands: efficient catalysts for base/solvent free C–N coupling of chloroarenes under aerobic conditions’ by Charu Sharma et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2020, 18, 3599–3606, DOI: 10.1039/D0OB00538J.
Fabrication of hybrid photodiode systems: BODIPY decorated cyclotriphosphazene covalently grafted graphene oxides
Authors: Özcan Emrah , Topaloğlu Aksoy Burcu , Tanrıverdi Eçik Esra , Dere Ayşegül , Karabulut Abdulkerim , Yakuphanoglu Fahrettin , Çoşut Bünyemin
Published: June 2020

Combination of graphene sheets with various organic/inorganic functional groups could enhance the applications of graphene-based hybrid materials.
BNN-1,3-dipoles: isolation and intramolecular cycloaddition with unactivated arenes
Authors: Guo Rui , Jiang Jingxing , Hu Chenyang , Liu Liu Leo , Cui Ping , Zhao Meihua , Ke Zhuofeng , Tung Chen-Ho , Kong Lingbing
Published: June 2020

The mono-base-coordinated 1,2-diboranylidenehydrazine derivatives exhibiting the BNN-1,3-dipolar reactivity toward unactivated arenes and CO2are reported.
Directional-dependent pockets drive columnar–columnar coexistence
Authors: González García Álvaro , Tuinier Remco , de With Gijsbertus , Cuetos Alejandro
Published: June 2020

The rational design of materials requires a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms driving their self-assembly.
Genome survey ofZanthoxylum bungeanumand development of genomic-SSR markers in congeneric species
Authors: Li Jingmiao , Li Siqiao , Kong Lijuan , Wang Lihua , Wei Anzhi , Liu Yulin
Published: June 2020

Zanthoxylum bungeanum, a spice and medicinal plant, is cultivated in many parts of China and some countries in Southeast Asia; however, data on its genome are lacking. In the present study, we performed a whole-genome survey and developed novel genomic-SSR markers of Z. bungeanum. Clean data (∼197.16 Gb) were obtained and assembled into 11185221 scaffolds with an N50 of 183 bp. K-mer analysis revealed that Z. bungeanum has an estimated genome size of 3971.92 Mb, and the GC content, heterozygous rate, and repeat sequence rate are 37.21%, 1.73%, and 86.04%, respectively. These results indicate that the genome of Z. bungeanum is complex. Furthermore, 27153 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were identified from 57288 scaffolds with a minimum length > 1 kb. Mononucleotide repeats (19706) were the most abundant type, followed by dinucleotide repeats (5154). The most common motifs were A/T, followed by AT/AT; these SSRs accounted for 71.42% and 11.84% of all repeats, respectively. A total of 21243 non-repeating primer pairs were designed, and 100 were randomly selected and validated by PCR analysis using DNA from 10 Z. bungeanum individuals and 5 Zanthoxylum armatum individuals. Finally, 36 polymorphic SSR markers were developed with polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranging from 0.16 to 0.75. Cluster analysis revealed that Z. bungeanum and Z. armatum could be divided into two major clusters, suggesting that these newly developed SSR markers are useful for genetic diversity and germplasm resource identification in Z. bungeanum and Z. armatum.
Thyroxine Treatment During the Perinatal Stage Prevents the
Alterations in the ObRb-STAT3 Leptin Signaling Pathway Caused by Congenital
Hypothyroidism
Authors: Tapia-Martínez Jorge , Cano-Europa Edgar , Blas-Valdivia Vanessa , Franco-Colín Margarita
Published: June 2020

Thyroid hormone deficiency during crucial stages of development causes congenital
hypothyroidism. This syndrome alters hypothalamic pathways involved in long-term
bodyweight regulation as ObRb-STAT3 leptin signaling pathway, which is
associated with metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to determine if thyroxine
treatment during pregnancy and lactation in hypothyroid mothers avoids, in the
congenital hypothyroid offspring, the alterations in metabolic programming
related to metabolic syndrome and the ObRb-STAT3 leptin signaling pathway in
hypothalamus. Twenty-four virgin female Wistar rats were divided into euthyroid,
hypothyroid, and hypothyroid with thyroxine treatment (20
μg/kg/day T4 since pregnancy until
lactation). The bodyweight and energy intake, insulin resistance, glucose
tolerance, metabolic and hormonal parameters were determined in offspring at 28
weeks after birth. Then, the rats were euthanized to obtain adipose tissue
reserves and hypothalamus to measure the expression of ObRb, STAT3, pSTAT3, and
SOCS3. Congenital hypothyroidism presented metabolic syndrome such as insulin
resistance, glucose tolerance, dyslipidemias, an increase in cardiovascular risk
(Castelli I males:166.67%, females: 173.56%; Castelli II males:
375.51%, females: 546.67%), and hypothalamic leptin resistance
(SOCS3, Males: 10.96%, females: 25.85%). Meanwhile, the
thyroxine treatment in the mothers during pregnancy and lactation prevents the
metabolic disturbance. In conclusion, thyroxine treatment during the critical
perinatal stage for metabolic programming prevents congenital
hypothyroidism-caused metabolic syndrome and hypothalamic leptin resistance.
Liraglutide Effect on Ventricular Transient Outward K +  Channel and Connexin-43 Protein Expression
Authors: Ramadan Nehal M. , Malek Hala Abdel , Rahman Karawan Abd-el , El-Kholy Elhamy , Shaalan Dalia , Elkashef Wagdi
Published: June 2020

Background Human glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue, Liraglutide, has shown cardioprotective effects in animal and clinical studies of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study was conducted to assess the effect of Liraglutide on diabetes-induced myocardial electrical remodeling.

Materials and Methods A rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced by high-fat diet and low dose Streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were randomized into 4 subgroups (n=6–7): diabetic-untreated, diabetics treated with Liraglutide, diabetics treated with Ramipril, and diabetics treated with Metformin in addition to a control group. Changes in serum glucose, insulin, lipid profile and revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI index) were assessed. QT and QTc intervals were measured and the degree of cardiac interstitial and perivascular fibrosis was examined. The expression of myocardial Ito channel α subunits, gap junction protein; Kv 4.2/4.3 and connexin 43 (Cx43) respectively, were assessed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.

Results Similar to Ramipril, both Liraglutide and Metformin effectively inhibited the diabetes-induced myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis. However, Liraglutide treatment significantly improved Kv 4.2/4.3 and Cx43 expression/distribution and prevented diabetes-related QTc interval prolongation.

Conclusions We have shown that pathological alterations in myocardial Cx43 expression and distribution, in addition to reduced Ito channel expression, may underlie the QTc interval prolongation in high-fat diet/STZ rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The beneficial effects of Liraglutide, as those of Ramipril, on cardiac electrophysiology could be at least attributed to its direct ability to normalize expression and distribution of Cx43 and Ito channels in the diabetic rat heart.
Auditive Verarbeitung und Wahrnehmung bei Jugendlichen mit Kommunikationsbeeinträchtigungen
Authors: Wagner Susanne , Rinneberg-Schmidt Lissy , Fuchs Michael , Meuret Sylvia
Published: June 2020

Hintergrund Berufsbildungswerke (BBW) sind Einrichtungen der beruflichen Rehabilitation und Bildung, vergleichbar mit Förderschulen im schulischen Bereich. Das BBW Leipzig registriert seit einigen Jahren eine zunehmende Anzahl von Jugendlichen mit der Diagnose auditive Verarbeitungs- und Wahrnehmungsstörung (AVWS). Für diese Zielgruppe gibt es derzeit nur wenige Testverfahren mit Referenz- oder Normwerten. Ziel war die Untersuchung der auditiven Verarbeitung und Wahrnehmung von peripher hörgesunden Jugendlichen mit vorhandenem Testmaterial.

Material und Methoden 35 normalhörende Jugendliche (26 männlich, 9 weiblich, im Mittel 18,1 Jahre) aus dem BBW Leipzig wurden mit folgenden Tests untersucht: dichotisches Hören, Sprachverstehen im Störgeräusch, Verstehen zeitkomprimierter Sprache, Phonem-Differenzierung und -Analyse. Zusätzlich wurden sprachfreie Intelligenz, Konzentration, figurale Merkfähigkeit und die sprachlichen Leistungen getestet.

Ergebnisse 25 Jugendliche zeigten zentral-auditive Auffälligkeiten; 5 von ihnen hatten keine AVWS-Diagnose aus der Kindheit. Bei 9 der 25 Jugendlichen konnten die Auffälligkeiten nicht auf übergeordnete Störungen zurückgeführt werden. Diese Jugendlichen waren vor allem in der Wahrnehmung gesprochener Sprache sowie im Halten und Manipulieren sprachlicher Reize im Arbeitsgedächtnis eingeschränkt, obwohl die sprachlichen Fähigkeiten unauffällig waren und die Intelligenz normal bis überdurchschnittlich war.

Diskussion Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Jugendliche auffällig im Sinne der AVWS-Kriterien der DGPP sein können und dass nicht zwingend schon eine AVWS-Diagnose aus der Kindheit vorliegen muss. Außerdem wurde deutlich, dass die multiprofessionelle Diagnostik wichtig bleibt. Standardisierte Testverfahren mit entsprechenden Altersnormen werden benötigt.
Congenital Transmesenteric Hernia—Importance of a Timely Intervention
Authors: Koranne Mandar Sharadchandra , Banker Amay
Published: June 2020

Transmesenteric hernia is a rare cause of small bowel strangulation in adults. Our patient was a 61-year-old previously healthy male, who presented with vomiting and abdominal pain with no surgical history and no trauma in the past. Computed tomography with contrast enhancement was suggestive of superior mesenteric vein (SMV) compression without any obvious cause. The emergency exploratory laparotomy revealed venous congestion of small bowel caused by a transmesenteric hernia with the herniated loop compressing the SMV. On reducing the hernia, complete reversal of the bowel congestion was noted and small bowel resection was averted. A high index of suspicion for a transmesenteric hernia in small bowel obstruction of unknown etiology and a timely surgical intervention are must for a good clinical outcome.
Type of Childbirth and its Association with the Maternal-Filial Interaction
Authors: Santos Neto Crystiane Hereny dos , Oliveira Fábio Sagula , Gomes Graciele Fernanda , Araujo Júnior Edward , Nakamura Mary Uchiyama , Souza Eduardo de
Published: June 2020

Objective The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the quality of mother-child bonding in three different contexts related to the labor, that is, vaginal delivery, elective cesarean section, and intrapartum cesarean section.

Methods This was an observational, cross-sectional clinical study conducted in two cities within the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The study sample consisted of 81 babies born without any major complications during pregnancy and labor, aged 3 to 4 months, and their respective mothers, aged between 20 and 35 years old, primiparous, living in the cities of Palmital and Ourinhos, state of São Paulo, Brazil. The evaluation of the quality of the maternal-filial interaction was performed through video-image analysis, using the Mother-baby Interaction Observation Protocol from 0 to 6 months (POIMB 0–6, in the Portuguese acronym).

Results Mothers who had vaginal delivery had higher amount of visual contact or attempted visual contact (p = 0.034), better response to the social behavior of the child (p = 0.001) and greater sensitivity (p = 0.007) than the others. Their children also showed more interaction with them, as they looked more frequently at the mother's face (p ≤ 0.008) and responded more frequently to the mother's communicative stimulus (p < 0.001).

Conclusion Considering the occurrence of vaginal delivery, it is concluded that the interaction between the mother-child dyad is quantitatively larger and qualitatively better when compared with intrapartum or elective cesarean section.