bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Osmylopsychopid Taxa from the Middle Jurassic of Northeastern China (Neuroptera: Osmylopsychopidae)
Authors: Liu Xiaotian , Ren Dong , Shih Chungkun , Wang Yongjie
Published: May 2023

One new genus with four new species sharing the similar character of a forewing length of ca. 10 mm, namely, Minipsychops spasulus gen. et sp. nov., Minipsychops polychotomus sp. nov., Minipsychops densus sp. nov., and Minipsychops unicus sp. nov., are described from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia in China. These new insects can be attributed to Osmylopsychopidae for their distinctive configuration of costal space and the venations of RP1 and Cu. Compared with the typically medium to large body sizes of known osmylopsychopids, these new Middle Jurassic taxa of a particularly miniaturized lineage not only enrich the species diversity of Osmylopsychopidae, but also enhance our understanding of the historical evolution of these poorly known lacewings.
Nine Mitochondrial Genomes of Phasmatodea with Two Novel Mitochondrial Gene Rearrangements and Phylogeny
Authors: Yuan Yani , Zhang Lihua , Li Ke , Hong Yuehuan , Storey Kenneth B. , Zhang Jiayong , Yu Danna
Published: May 2023

The classification of stick and leaf insects (Order Phasmatodea) is flawed at various taxonomic ranks due to a lack of robust phylogenetic relationships and convergent morphological characteristics. In this study, we sequenced nine new mitogenomes that ranged from 15,011 bp to 17,761 bp in length. In the mitogenome of Carausis sp., we found a translocation of trnR and trnA, which can be explained by the tandem duplication/random loss (TDRL) model. In the Stheneboea repudiosa Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1907, a novel mitochondrial structure of 12S rRNA-CR1-trnI-CR2-trnQ-trnM was found for the first time in Phasmatodea. Due to the low homology of CR1 and CR2, we hypothesized that trnI was inverted through recombination and then translocated into the middle of the control region. Control region repeats were frequently detected in the newly sequenced mitogenomes. To explore phylogenetic relationships in Phasmatodea, mtPCGs from 56 Phasmatodean species (composed of 9 stick insects from this study, 31 GenBank data, and 16 data derived from transcriptome splicing) were used for Bayesian inference (BI), and maximum likelihood (ML) analyses. Both analyses supported the monophyly of Lonchodinae and Necrosciinae, but Lonchodidae was polyphyletic. Phasmatidae was monophyletic, and Clitumninae was paraphyletic. Phyllidae was located at the base of Neophasmatodea and formed a sister group with the remaining Neophasmatodea. Bacillidae and Pseudophasmatidae were recovered as a sister group. Heteroptergidae was monophyletic, and the Heteropteryginae sister to the clade (Obriminae + Dataminae) was supported by BI analysis and ML analysis.
Estimation of Energy Harvesting by Thermoelectric Cement Composites with Nanostructured Graphene and Metallic Oxides
Authors: Ghosh Sampad , Saha Bidyut Baran
Published: May 2023

The measurement of electrical power and efficiency of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) holds significant importance in the realm of thermoelectric materials research and development. The present investigation involves the measurement of thermoelectric characteristics, namely electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity, of cement composites containing graphene nanoplatelets and metallic oxides (Fe2O3, ZnO, MnO2). These properties are then utilized to determine the electrical power output and efficiency of the aforementioned composites. It is possible to estimate a power output of up to 1.5 W per square meter when utilizing GnP-ZnO-added cement composites, given a temperature differential of approximately 50 °C. This paper additionally discusses the methodology for fabricating a cement composite-based structural TEG module with the aim of augmenting the overall output voltage, power, and efficiency of the system.
High Strain Rates Impact Performance of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Impregnated with Shear-Thickening Fluid
Authors: Wei Minghai , Sun Li , Gu Wanjin
Published: May 2023

This paper examines the behavior at high strain rates of a shear-thickening fluid (STF) impregnated glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) fabric using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). This study involved impact testing of 4 GFRP specimens and 20 GFRP-STF composite specimens at four different strain rates. The STF employed in this study was synthesized by incorporating 20.0 wt.% of 12 nm silica in polyethylene glycol. Rheological tests indicated that the STF exhibited a noticeable shear-thickening effect, with viscosity surging from 3.0 Pa·s to 79.9 Pa·s. The GFRP-STF specimen demonstrated greater energy absorption capacity, deformation ability, and toughness, bearing higher and faster impact loads than neat GFRP. Specifically, the GFRP-STF specimen showed a 21.8% increase in peak stress and a 92.9% rise in energy absorption capacity under high-strain-rate loading. Notably, the stress–strain curve of the GFRP-STF specimen exhibited a distinct yield stage, while the energy absorption curve displayed no significant descending stage features.
The Use of Warm Air for Solvent Evaporation in Adhesive Dentistry: A Meta-Analysis of In Vitro Studies
Authors: Bourgi Rim , Hardan Louis , Cuevas-Suárez Carlos Enrique , Scavello Francesco , Mancino Davide , Kharouf Naji , Haikel Youssef
Published: May 2023

Any excess solvent from dental adhesive systems must be eliminated prior to material photopolymerization. For this purpose, numerous approaches have been proposed, including the use of a warm air stream. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different temperatures of warm air blowing used for solvent evaporation on the bond strength of resin-based materials to dental and nondental substrates. Two different reviewers screened the literature in diverse electronic databases. In vitro studies recording the effect of warm air blowing to evaporate solvents of adhesive systems on the bond strength of resin-based materials to direct and indirect substrates were included. A total of 6626 articles were retrieved from all databases. From this, 28 articles were included in the qualitative analysis, and 27 remained for the quantitative analysis. The results of the meta-analysis for etch-and-rinse adhesives revealed that the use of warm air for solvent evaporation was statistically significantly higher (p = 0.005). For self-etch adhesives and silane-based materials, this effect was observed too (p < 0.001). The use of a warm air stream for solvent evaporation enhanced the bonding performance of alcohol-/water-based adhesive systems for dentin. This effect seems to be similar when a silane coupling agent is submitted to a heat treatment before the cementation of a glass-based ceramic.
Acquisition Parameters Influence Diffusion Metrics Effectiveness in Probing Prostate Tumor and Age-Related Microstructure
Authors: Caporale Alessandra Stella , Nezzo Marco , Di Trani Maria Giovanna , Maiuro Alessandra , Miano Roberto , Bove Pierluigi , Mauriello Alessandro , Manenti Guglielmo , Capuani Silvia
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to investigate the Diffusion-Tensor-Imaging (DTI) potential in the detection of microstructural changes in prostate cancer (PCa) in relation to the diffusion weight (b-value) and the associated diffusion length lD. Thirty-two patients (age range = 50–87 years) with biopsy-proven PCa underwent Diffusion-Weighted-Imaging (DWI) at 3T, using single non-zero b-value or groups of b-values up to b = 2500 s/mm2. The DTI maps (mean-diffusivity, MD; fractional-anisotropy, FA; axial and radial diffusivity, D// and D┴), visual quality, and the association between DTI-metrics and Gleason Score (GS) and DTI-metrics and age were discussed in relation to diffusion compartments probed by water molecules at different b-values. DTI-metrics differentiated benign from PCa tissue (p ≤ 0.0005), with the best discriminative power versus GS at b-values ≥ 1500 s/mm2, and for b-values range 0–2000 s/mm2, when the lD is comparable to the size of the epithelial compartment. The strongest linear correlations between MD, D//, D┴, and GS were found at b = 2000 s/mm2 and for the range 0–2000 s/mm2. A positive correlation between DTI parameters and age was found in benign tissue. In conclusion, the use of the b-value range 0–2000 s/mm2 and b-value = 2000 s/mm2 improves the contrast and discriminative power of DTI with respect to PCa. The sensitivity of DTI parameters to age-related microstructural changes is worth consideration.
Multiple General Anesthesia in Children: A Systematic Review of Its Effect on Neurodevelopment
Authors: Colletti Giacomo , Di Bartolomeo Mattia , Negrello Sara , Geronemus Roy G. , Cohen Bernard , Chiarini Luigi , Anesi Alexandre , Feminò Raimondo , Mariotti Ilaria , Levitin Gregory M. , Rozell-Shannon Linda , Nocini Riccardo
Published: May 2023

The effect of multiple general anesthesia (mGA) procedures administered in early life is a critical theme and has led the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to issue an alert. This systematic review seeks to explore the potential effects on neurodevelopment of mGA on patients under 4 years. The Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched for publications up to 31 March 2021. The databases were searched for publications regarding “children multiple general anesthesia OR pediatric multiple general anesthesia”. Case reports, animal studies and expert opinions were excluded. Systematic reviews were not included, but they were screened to identify any possible additional information. A total of 3156 studies were identified. After removing the duplicates, screening the remaining records and analyzing the systematic reviews’ bibliography, 10 studies were considered suitable for inclusion. Comprehensively, a total cohort of 264.759 unexposed children and 11.027 exposed children were assessed for neurodevelopmental outcomes. Only one paper did not find any statistically significant difference between exposed and unexposed children in terms of neurodevelopmental alterations. Controlled studies on mGA administered before 4 years of age support that there might be a greater risk of neurodevelopmental delay in children receiving mGA, warranting the need for careful risk/benefit considerations.
Precision Medicine for Brain Disorders: New and Emerging Approaches
Authors: Shan Zack , Lagopoulos Jim
Published: May 2023

The brain is the most complex organ in the human body, making it susceptible to many abnormalities [...]
Comparative Study of Ozonated Glycerol and Macrogol Ointment on Bone Matrix Production by Human Osteosarcoma Cell Line Saos-2
Authors: Okusa Nobutaka , Oh Hourei , Masuno Kazuya , Makita Yoshimasa , Imamura Yasuhiro
Published: May 2023

Ozonated glycerol is glycerol containing ozone, has no unpleasant odor, and has a long half-life. To apply ozonated glycerol for clinical use, ozonated macrogol ointment has been developed by adding macrogol ointment to ozonated glycerol to increase the retention in the affected area. However, the effects of ozone on this macrogol ointment were unclear. The viscosity of the ozonated macrogol ointment was approximately two times higher than that of ozonated glycerol. The effect of the ozonated macrogol ointment on the human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 (Saos-2 cells) proliferation, type 1 collagen production, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were studied. The proliferation of Saos-2 cells was assessed using MTT and DNA synthesis assays. Type 1 collagen production and ALP activity were studied using ELISA and ALP assays. Cells were treated for 24 h with or without 0.05, 0.5, or 5 ppm ozonated macrogol ointment. The 0.5 ppm ozonated macrogol ointment significantly elevated Saos-2 cell proliferation, type 1 collagen production, and ALP activity. These results also showed almost the same trend as for ozonated glycerol.
Effect of the Laying Order of Core Layer Materials on the Sound-Insulation Performance of High-Speed Train Carbody
Authors: Wang Ruiqian , Yao Dan , Zhang Jie , Xiao Xinbiao , Jin Xuesong
Published: May 2023

The design of sound-insulation schemes requires the development of new materials and structures while also paying attention to their laying order. If the sound-insulation performance of the whole structure can be improved by simply changing the laying order of materials or structures, it will bring great advantages to the implementation of the scheme and cost control. This paper studies this problem. First, taking a simple sandwich composite plate as an example, a sound-insulation prediction model for composite structures was established. The influence of different material laying schemes on the overall sound-insulation characteristics was calculated and analyzed. Then, sound-insulation tests were conducted on different samples in the acoustic laboratory. The accuracy of the simulation model was verified through a comparative analysis of experimental results. Finally, based on the sound-insulation influence law of the sandwich panel core layer materials obtained from simulation analysis, the sound-insulation optimization design of the composite floor of a high-speed train was carried out. The results show that when the sound absorption material is concentrated in the middle, and the sound-insulation material is sandwiched from both sides of the laying scheme, it represents a better effect on medium-frequency sound-insulation performance. When this method is applied to the sound-insulation optimization of a high-speed train carbody, the sound-insulation performance of the middle and low-frequency band of 125–315 Hz can be improved by 1–3 dB, and the overall weighted sound reduction index can be improved by 0.9 dB without changing the type, thickness or weight of the core layer materials.
An Overview of the Latest Progress in Internal Surface Finishing of the Additively Manufactured Metallic Components
Authors: Davoodi Farideh , Taghian Mohammad , Carbone Giuseppe , Saboori Abdollah , Iuliano Luca
Published: May 2023

Fast progress in near-net-shape production of parts has attracted vast interest in internal surface finishing. Interest in designing a modern finishing machine to cover the different shapes of workpieces with different materials has risen recently, and the current state of technology cannot satisfy the high requirements for finishing internal channels in metal-additive-manufactured parts. Therefore, in this work, an effort has been made to close the current gaps. This literature review aims to trace the development of different non-traditional internal surface finishing methods. For this reason, attention is focused on the working principles, capabilities, and limitations of the most applicable processes, such as internal magnetic abrasive finishing, abrasive flow machining, fluidized bed machining, cavitation abrasive finishing, and electrochemical machining. Thereafter, a comparison is presented based on which models were surveyed in detail, with particular attention to their specifications and methods. The assessment is measured by seven key features, with two selected methods deciding their value for a proper hybrid machine.
Development and Characterization of Thermoformed Bilayer Trays of Paper and Renewable Succinic Acid Derived Biopolyester Blends and Their Application to Preserve Fresh Pasta
Authors: Hernández-García Eva , Pacheco-Romeralo Marta , Zomeño Pedro , Viscusi Gianluca , Malvano Francesca , Gorrasi Giuliana , Torres-Giner Sergio
Published: May 2023

The present study reports on the development by thermoforming of highly sustainable trays based on a bilayer structure composed of paper substrate and a film made of a blend of partially bio-based poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA). The incorporation of the renewable succinic acid derived biopolyester blend film slightly improved the thermal resistance and tensile strength of paper, whereas its flexural ductility and puncture resistance were notably enhanced. Furthermore, in terms of barrier properties, the incorporation of this biopolymer blend film reduced the water and aroma vapor permeances of paper by two orders of magnitude, while it endowed the paper structure with intermediate oxygen barrier properties. The resultant thermoformed bilayer trays were, thereafter, originally applied to preserve non-thermally treated Italian artisanal fresh pasta, “fusilli calabresi” type, which was stored under refrigeration conditions for 3 weeks. Shelf-life evaluation showed that the application of the PBS–PBSA film on the paper substrate delayed color changes and mold growth for 1 week, as well as reduced drying of fresh pasta, resulting in acceptable physicochemical quality parameters within 9 days of storage. Lastly, overall migration studies performed with two food simulants demonstrated that the newly developed paper/PBS–PBSA trays are safe since these successfully comply with current legislation on plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with food.
A Novel Two-Dimensional TiClO as a High-Performance Anode Material for Mg-Ion Batteries: A First-Principles Study
Authors: Zhang Songcheng , Liu Chunsheng
Published: May 2023

Searching for efficient electrode materials with excellent electrochemical performance is of great significance to the development of magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs). Two-dimensional Ti-based materials are appealing for use in MIBs due to their high cycling capability. On the basis of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we comprehensively investigate a novel two-dimensional Ti-based material, namely, TiClO monolayer, as a promising anode for MIBs. Monolayer TiClO can be exfoliated from its experimentally known bulk crystal with a moderate cleavage energy of 1.13 J/m2. It exhibits intrinsically metallic properties with good energetical, dynamical, mechanical, and thermal stabilities. Remarkably, TiClO monolayer possesses an ultra-high storage capacity (1079 mA h g−1), a low energy barrier (0.41–0.68 eV), and a suitable average open-circuit voltage (0.96 V). The lattice expansion for the TiClO monolayer is slight (<4.3%) during the Mg-ion intercalation. Moreover, bilayer and trilayer TiClO can considerably enhance the Mg binding strength and maintain the quasi-one-dimensional diffusion feature compared with monolayer TiClO. All these properties indicate that TiClO monolayers can be utilized as high-performance anodes for MIBs.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Marine Lissodendrins B Analogues as Modulators of ABCB1-Mediated Multidrug Resistance
Authors: Wang Chaoming , Zhang Jinman , Wei Xianfeng , Yang Mengke , Ma Weiping , Yu Rilei , Liu Ming , Jiang Tao
Published: May 2023

Multidrug resistance (MDR) caused by ATP-Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 1 (ABCB1, P-glycoprotein, P-gp) is a major barrier for the success of chemotherapy in clinics. In this study, we designed and synthesized a total of 19 Lissodendrins B analogues and tested their ABCB1-mediated MDR reversal activity in doxorubicin (DOX)-resistant K562/ADR and MCF-7/ADR cells. Among all derivatives, compounds D1, D2, and D4 with a dimethoxy-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline fragment possessed potent synergistic effects with DOX and reversed ABCB1-mediated drug resistance. Notably, the most potent compound D1 merits multiple activities, including low cytotoxicity, the strongest synergistic effect, and effectively reversing ABCB1-mediated drug resistance of K562/ADR (RF = 1845.76) and MCF-7/ADR cells (RF = 207.86) to DOX. As a reference substance, compound D1 allows for additional mechanistic studies on ABCB1 inhibition. The synergistic mechanisms were mainly related to the increased intracellular accumulation of DOX via inhibiting the efflux function of ABCB1 rather than from affecting the expression level of ABCB1. These studies suggest that compound D1 and its derivatives might be potential MDR reversal agents acting as ABCB1 inhibitors in clinical therapeutics and provide insight into a design strategy for the development of ABCB1 inhibitors.
Efficacy and Security of Tetrodotoxin in the Treatment of Cancer-Related Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Huerta Miguel Á. , de la Nava Javier , Artacho-Cordón Antonia , Nieto Francisco R.
Published: May 2023

The pharmacological treatment of cancer-related pain is unsatisfactory. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) has shown analgesia in preclinical models and clinical trials, but its clinical efficacy and safety have not been quantified. For this reason, our aim was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical evidence that was available. A systematic literature search was conducted in four electronic databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov) up to 1 March 2023 in order to identify published clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and security of TTX in patients with cancer-related pain, including chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain. Five articles were selected, three of which were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The number of responders to the primary outcome (≥30% improvement in the mean pain intensity) and those suffering adverse events in the intervention and placebo groups were used to calculate effect sizes using the log odds ratio. The meta-analysis showed that TTX significantly increased the number of responders (mean = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.19–1.16, p = 0.0065) and the number of patients suffering non-severe adverse events (mean = 1.13; 95% CI: 0.31–1.95, p = 0.0068). However, TTX did not increase the risk of suffering serious adverse events (mean = 0.75; 95% CI: −0.43–1.93, p = 0.2154). In conclusion, TTX showed robust analgesic efficacy but also increased the risk of suffering non-severe adverse events. These results should be confirmed in further clinical trials with higher numbers of patients.
Harnessing the Power of PAOO and Invisalign: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Orthodontic Care
Authors: Javid Kayvon , Mello-Machado Rafael Coutinho , Montemezzi Pietro , dos Santos Pereira Rodrigo , Lowenstein Adam , Mourão Carlos Fernando
Published: May 2023

The present article explores the benefits of combining periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with Invisalign for optimal orthodontic treatment outcomes. PAOO is an interdisciplinary dental technique that minimizes complications and accelerates tooth movement while enhancing various orthodontic treatments. In conjunction with Invisalign, PAOO provides a discreet and comfortable solution for patients seeking to improve their smile. The study presents two challenging cases successfully treated using this combined approach, emphasizing the technique’s potential to reduce treatment times and improve orthodontic outcomes. The interdisciplinary approach of PAOO ensures long-term success and stability by preserving periodontal structures and addressing potential bony defects. By incorporating bone grafting materials, PAOO helps prevent common concerns in traditional orthodontic treatments, such as bony defects and gingival recession. Furthermore, the combination with Invisalign offers a more aesthetically pleasing and comfortable treatment experience, allowing patients to maintain their self-esteem and confidence throughout the treatment. Despite the potential advantages, dental professionals must manage patient expectations and address potential complications to ensure the best possible results. Overall, the integration of PAOO and Invisalign demonstrates a viable alternative for patients who do not want to proceed with orthognathic surgery, enhancing patient satisfaction and overall treatment outcomes.
Higher Expression Levels of SSX1 and SSX2 in Patients with Colon Cancer: Regulated In Vitro by the Inhibition of Methylation and Histone Deacetylation
Authors: Alrubie Turki M. , Alamri Abdullah M. , Almutairi Bader O. , Alrefaei Abdulwahed F. , Arafah Maha M. , Alanazi Mohammad , Semlali Abdelhabib , Almutairi Mikhlid H.
Published: May 2023

Background and Objectives: Colon cancer (CC) has a high mortality rate and is often diagnosed at an advanced stage in Saudi Arabia. Thus, the identification and characterization of potential new cancer-specific biomarkers are imperative for improving the diagnosis of CC by detecting it at an early stage. Cancer-testis (CT) genes have been identified as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of various cancers. Among the CT genes are those belonging to the SSX family. In order to assess the usefulness of SSX family genes as cancer biomarkers for the detection of early-stage CC, the goal of this research was to validate the expressions of these genes in patients with CC and in matched patients with normal colons (NCs). Materials and Methods: RT-PCR assays were used to analyze the SSX1, SSX2, and SSX3 family gene expression levels in 30 neighboring NC and CC tissue samples from male Saudi patients. Epigenetic alterations were also tested in vitro using qRT-PCR analysis to determine whether reduced DNA methyltransferase or histone deacetylation could stimulate SSX gene expression via 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine and trichostatin treatments, respectively. Results: The RT-PCR results showed SSX1 and SSX2 gene expression in 10% and 20% of the CC tissue specimens, respectively, but not in any of the NC tissue specimens. However, no SSX3 expression was detected in any of the examined CC or NC tissue samples. In addition, the qRT-PCR results showed significantly higher SSX1 and SSX2 expression levels in the CC tissue samples than in the NC tissue samples. The 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine and trichostatin treatments significantly induced the mRNA expression levels of the SSX1, SSX2, and SSX3 genes in the CC cells in vitro. Conclusions: These findings suggest that SSX1 and SSX2 are potentially suitable candidate biomarkers for CC. Their expressions can be regulated via hypomethylating and histone deacetylase treatments, subsequently providing a potential therapeutic target for CC.
Incidence and Risk Factors of Postoperative Febrile Morbidity among Patients Undergoing Myomectomy
Authors: Wattanasiri Korrakot , Lattiwongsakorn Worashorn , Sreshthaputra Rung-aroon , Tongsong Theera
Published: May 2023

Background and Objectives: To identify the incidence, causes, and independent predictors of postoperative febrile morbidity among patients undergoing myomectomy. Material and methods: Medical records of patients who had undergone myomectomy at Chiang Mai University Hospital between January 2017 and June 2022 were comprehensively reviewed. The clinical variables, including age, body mass index, previous surgery, leiomyoma size and number, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) fibroid type, preoperative and postoperative anemia, type of surgery, operative time, estimated blood loss, and intraoperative antiadhesive use, were analyzed as a predictive factor of postoperative febrile morbidity. Results: During the study period, 249 consecutive women were reviewed. The mean age was 35.6 years. The majority of women had FIGO fibroid type 3–5 (58.2%) and type 6–8 (34.2%). Febrile morbidity was noted in 88 women (35.34%). Of them, 17.39% had a urinary tract infection and 4.34% had a surgical site infection, whereas the causes in the majority of cases (78.26%) could not be identified. The significant independent risk factors for febrile morbidity were abdominal myomectomy (adjusted odds ratio: aOR, 6.34; 95% CI, 2.07–19.48), overweight women (aOR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.18–4.28), operation time of more than 180 min (aOR, 3.37; 95% CI, 1.64–6.92), and postoperative anemia (aOR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.30–5.63). Conclusions: Approximately one-third of women undergoing myomectomy experienced febrile morbidity. The cause could not be identified in most cases. The independent risk factors included abdominal myomectomy, overweight, prolonged operation time, and postoperative anemia. Of them, abdominal myomectomy was the most significant risk factor.
Renal Sarcoidosis-like Reaction Induced by PD-1 Inhibitor Treatment in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Park Sang-Don , Kim Mee-Seon , Han Man-Hoon , Kim Yong-Jin , Jung Hee-Yeon , Choi Ji-Young , Cho Jang-Hee , Park Sun-Hee , Kim Chan-Duck , Kim Yong-Lim , Lim Jeong-Hoon
Published: May 2023

Monoclonal antibodies directed against immune checkpoint proteins have been widely used to treat various cancers and have resulted in favorable clinical outcomes. Despite these beneficial properties, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can induce side effects called immune-related adverse events, including sarcoidosis-like reactions (SLR) across multiple organs. Here, we report a case of renal SLR after ICI treatment, and we review the related literature. A 66-year-old Korean patient with non-small cell lung cancer was referred to the nephrology clinic for renal failure after the 14th pembrolizumab treatment dose. A renal biopsy revealed multiple epithelioid cell granulomas, with several lymphoid aggregates in the renal interstitium and a moderate degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in the tubulointerstitium. A moderate dose of steroid therapy was initiated, and the serum creatinine level partially recovered after four weeks of treatment. Judicious monitoring of renal SLR is, therefore, required during ICI therapy, and a timely diagnosis by renal biopsy and appropriate treatment are important.
HSPB6 Is Depleted in Colon Cancer Patients and Its Expression Is Induced by 5-aza-2′-Deoxycytidine In Vitro
Authors: Almutairi Bader O. , Almutairi Mikhlid H. , Alrefaei Abdulwahed F. , Alkahtani Saad , Alarifi Saud
Published: May 2023

Background and Objectives: Colon cancer (CC) is the second most common cancer in Saudi Arabia, and the number of new cases is expected to increase by 40% by 2040. Sixty percent of patients with CC are diagnosed in the late stage, causing a reduced survival rate. Thus, identifying a new biomarker could contribute to diagnosing CC in the early stages, leading to delivering better therapy and increasing the survival rate. Materials and Methods: HSPB6 expression was investigated in extracted RNA taken from 10 patients with CC and their adjacent normal tissues, as well as in DMH-induced CC and a colon treated with saline taken from a male Wistar rat. Additionally, the DNA of the LoVo and Caco-2 cell lines was collected, and bisulfite was converted to measure the DNA methylation level. This was followed by applying 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (AZA) to the LoVo and Caco-2 cell lines for 72 h to see the effect of DNA methylation on HSPB6 expression. Finally, the GeneMANIA database was used to find the interacted genes at transcriptional and translational levels with HSPB6. Results: We found that the expression of HSPB6 was downregulated in 10 CC tissues compared to their adjacent normal colon tissues, as well as in the in vivo study, where its expression was lower in the colon treated with the DMH agent compared to the colon treated with saline. This suggests the possible role of HSPB6 in tumor progression. Moreover, HSPB6 was methylated in two CC cell lines (LoVo and Caco-2), and demethylation with AZA elevated its expression, implying a mechanistic association between DNA methylation and HSPB6 expression. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that HSPB6 is adversely expressed with tumor progression, and its expression may be controlled by DNA methylation. Thus, HSPB6 could be a good biomarker employed in the CC diagnostic process.
Permeation Properties of Water Vapor through Graphene Oxide/Polymer Substrate Composite Membranes
Authors: Takenaka Risa , Moriyama Norihiro , Nagasawa Hiroki , Kanezashi Masakoto , Tsuru Toshinori
Published: May 2023

Graphene oxide (GO) has attracted attention as an excellent membrane material for water treatment and desalination owing to its high mechanical strength, hydrophilicity, and permeability. In this study, composite membranes were prepared by coating GO on various polymeric porous substrates (polyethersulfone, cellulose ester, and polytetrafluoroethylene) using suction filtration and casting methods. The composite membranes were used for dehumidification, that is, water vapor separation in the gas phase. GO layers were successfully prepared via filtration rather than casting, irrespective of the type of polymeric substrate used. The dehumidification composite membranes with a GO layer thickness of less than 100 nm showed a water permeance greater than 1.0 × 10−6 mol/(m2 s Pa) and a H2O/N2 separation factor higher than 104 at 25 °C and 90–100% humidity. The GO composite membranes were fabricated in a reproducible manner and showed stable performance as a function of time. Furthermore, the membranes maintained high permeance and selectivity at 80°C, indicating that it is useful as a water vapor separation membrane.
Calibrating and Validating the MFI-UF Method to Measure Particulate Fouling in Reverse Osmosis
Authors: Abunada Mohanad , Dhakal Nirajan , Andyar William Z. , Li Yuke , Ajok Pamela , Ghaffour Noreddine , Schippers Jan C. , Kennedy Maria D.
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to calibrate and validate the MFI-UF method in order to ensure the accuracy of particulate fouling measurements in RO. Firstly, the MFI-UF calibration was examined using two solutions of standard particles (dextran and polystyrene). Two main criteria were investigated: (i) MFI-UF linearity with particle concentrations at both low and high ranges of fouling potential and (ii) the reproducibility of MFI-UF linearity. Dextran solutions showed a strong MFI-UF linearity over the entire range of measured MFI-UF. However, the linearity was not reproducible, and different batches of dextran prepared under the same conditions produced very variable results. For polystyrene solutions, the MFI-UF linearity was verified at the higher range of MFI-UF (>10,000 s/L2), while the MFI-UF at the lower range (<5000 s/L2) appeared to be underestimated. Secondly, MFI-UF linearity was investigated using natural (surface) water under a wide range of testing conditions (at 20–200 L/m2·h using 5–100 kDa membranes). Strong MFI-UF linearity was obtained over the entire range of measured MFI-UF (up to 70,000 s/L2). Thus, the MFI-UF method was validated to measure different levels of particulate fouling in RO. However, future research focusing on MFI-UF calibration is still required through the selection, preparation, and testing of heterogeneous mixtures of standard particles.
A Facile Way to Fabricate GO-EDA/Al2O3 Tubular Nanofiltration Membranes with Enhanced Desalination Stability via Fine-Tuning the pH of the Membrane-Forming Suspensions
Authors: Ding Chunxiao , Qi Hong
Published: May 2023

Pristine graphene oxide (GO)-based membranes have proven promising for molecular and ion separation owing to efficient molecular transport nanochannels, but their separation ability in an aqueous environment is limited by the natural swelling tendency of GO. To obtain a novel membrane with anti-swelling behavior and remarkable desalination capability, we used the Al2O3 tubular membrane with an average pore size of 20 nm as the substrate and fabricated several GO nanofiltration ceramic membranes with different interlayer structures and surface charges by fine-tuning the pH of the GO-EDA membrane-forming suspension (pH = 7, 9, 11). The resultant membranes could maintain desalination stability, whether immersed in water for 680 h or operated under a high-pressure environment. When the pH of the membrane-forming suspension was 11, the prepared GE-11 membrane showed a rejection of 91.5% (measured at 5 bar) towards 1 mM Na2SO4 after soaking in water for 680 h. An increase in the transmembrane pressure to 20 bar resulted in an increase in the rejection towards the 1 mM Na2SO4 solution to 96.3%, and an increase in the permeance to 3.7 L·m−2·h−1·bar−1. The proposed strategy in varying charge repulsion is beneficial to the future development of GO-derived nanofiltration ceramic membranes.
Plasticity and Ductile Fracture of High-Strength Steel Center-Holed Plates under Tension
Authors: Tian Zhijuan , Yang Fei , Wang Sihao , Liu Zhuo , Chen Ao
Published: May 2023

The mechanical behavior of bolted connections in high-strength (HS) steel structures is a matter of concern, since the less ductility compared to mild steels may affect the load transfer and stress distribution of bolted connections. Conducting advanced finite element (FE) analysis incorporating validated material plasticity and ductile fracture criterion allows for a deeper understanding for the load transfer mechanism of HS steel joints. This paper focused on the plasticity and ductile fracture behaviors of HS (S700MC and S960Q) center-holed (CH) plates under tension, which are the essential component in bolted connections. Firstly, a combined linear and power law was used to calibrate and describe the post-necking stress–strain relations of the investigated HS steels. Then, a void-growth-model based on Rice–Tracey criterion was used to simulate the ductile fracture of five groups of CH plates with different hole diameters. The tensile strength and deformation capacity of the CH plates were discussed. The results showed that S700MC had a strain-hardening plasticity until the tensile fracture, while S960Q had a strain-hardening plasticity with a strain-softening behavior followed near the tensile fracture. Incorporating the calibrated plasticity and ductile fracture criterion in FE analyses generated close force-displacement curves as the experimental results. The equation specified in Eurocode produced conservative predictions for the net cross-sectional tensile strength of the investigated HS steels.
T15 High Speed Steels Produced by High-Temperature Low-Pressure Short-Time Vacuum Hot-Pressing Combined with Subsequent Diffusion-Bonding Treatment
Authors: Shan Wentao , Lin Yaojun
Published: May 2023

Currently, hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is widely used to produce highly alloyed high speed steels (HSSs) in an industrial scale; however, the HIP’s production cost is very high. Another powder consolidation approach with low production cost, namely vacuum hot-pressing (VHP), has hitherto received limited attention. The present work aims to develop an innovative solid-state VHP approach, producing HSSs with large cross-sectional sizes via a VHP facility having low loading capacity, thus further decreasing production cost. In doing so, VHP is performed at a sufficiently high temperature such that the pressure leading to full densification can be significantly reduced to a magnitude as low as several MPa; simultaneously, VHP is completed within a timeframe as short as several seconds to minutes, retaining fine carbide sizes; subsequently, the as-VHP HSS is diffusion-bonding treated (DBT-ed) at a relatively low temperature, achieving full metallurgical bond between powders while minimizing carbide growth. In the present work, T15 HSS was processed using the above VHP approach. The VHP temperature as high as 1200 °C was selected and consequently, the minimal pressure leading to full densification was decreased to ~7 MPa. By controlling displacement of pressing punch to a value corresponding to full densification, the VHP was competed for only 15 min. The almost fully dense as-VHP T15 HSS exhibits submicrometric carbide sizes smaller than those in the as-HIP counterpart, but incomplete metallurgical bond between powders. After diffusion bonding treatment at a relatively low temperature of 1100 °C for 2–4 h, the extent of metallurgical bond between powders is significantly enhanced with insignificant carbide growth. After regular quenching and tempering, the VHP plus DBT-ed T15 HSSs exhibit smaller average primary carbide sizes and similar hardness and three-point bend fracture strength, relative to those in the HIP counterpart after similar quenching and tempering.
A Review of Photonic Sensors Based on Ring Resonator Structures: Three Widely Used Platforms and Implications of Sensing Applications
Authors: Kazanskiy Nikolay L. , Khonina Svetlana N. , Butt Muhammad A.
Published: May 2023

Optical ring resonators (RRs) are a novel sensing device that has recently been developed for several sensing applications. In this review, RR structures based on three widely explored platforms, namely silicon-on-insulator (SOI), polymers, and plasmonics, are reviewed. The adaptability of these platforms allows for compatibility with different fabrication processes and integration with other photonic components, providing flexibility in designing and implementing various photonic devices and systems. Optical RRs are typically small, making them suitable for integration into compact photonic circuits. Their compactness allows for high device density and integration with other optical components, enabling complex and multifunctional photonic systems. RR devices realized on the plasmonic platform are highly attractive, as they offer extremely high sensitivity and a small footprint. However, the biggest challenge to overcome is the high fabrication demand related to such nanoscale devices, which limits their commercialization.
Investigating the Amenability of a PGM-Bearing Ore to Coarse Particle Flotation
Authors: Taguta Jestos , Safari Mehdi , Govender Veruska , Chetty Deshenthree
Published: May 2023

Coarse particle flotation (CPF) is one of the strategies employed to reduce energy consumption in mineral-processing circuits. HydrofloatTM (HF) technology has been successfully applied in the coarse flotation of industrial minerals and sulphide middlings. However, this technology has not yet been applied in platinum group minerals (PGMs)’ flotation. In this paper, the amenability of platinum group minerals to CPF was investigated. Extensive flotation testwork was conducted to optimise the hydrodynamic parameters, i.e., bed level, air and water flow rates, in the flotation of coarse PGM feed using Hydrofloat. Mineralogical analysis of the feed and selected flotation products was conducted to understand the reasons for the recovery and loss of the valuable minerals. The results showed that the HF separator could upgrade the PGM ore with particles as coarse as +106 − 300 µm. For the optimised test, a reasonable Pt, Pd and Au recovery of 84% was achieved at a grade of 10 g/t and 16.5% mass pull, despite the platinum group minerals being poorly liberated (4.5 vol% fully liberated). The results demonstrated that HF achieved high recovery efficiencies across the 150–300 microns size fraction. The HF was therefore able to substantially increase the upper particle size that can be successfully treated by flotation in PGM operations. It was found that an increase in bed height, water rate and air flow rate resulted in an increase in recovery to a maximum. A further increase in the hydrodynamic parameters resulted in a decline in recovery. Hydrofloat outperformed the conventional Denver flotation machine across the following size fractions: +106 − 150 µm, +150 − 212 µm, +212 − 250 µm and +250 − 300 µm. The practical implications of the findings on the modification of existing circuits and the design of novel flowsheets for the processing of PGM ores with less water and energy consumption are discussed.
Petrogenesis of Shihuiyao Rare-Metal Granites in the Southern Great Xing’an Range, NE China
Authors: Sun Deyou , Wang Shicheng , Gou Jun , Zhang Duo , Deng Changzhou , Yang Dongguang , Tian Li
Published: May 2023

Shihuiyao Rb–Nb–Ta-rich granites from the Late Jurassic period are newly discovered rare-metal-bearing granites found in the southern Great Xing’an Range, NE China. Further research of these granites may contribute to better understanding the petrogenesis of rare-metal granites and their associated mineralization mechanisms. The granites are high-silica (SiO2 = 73.66–77.08 wt%), alkali-rich (K2O + Na2O = 8.18–9.49 wt%) and weakly to mildly peraluminous with A/CNK values (molar ratios of Al2O3/(CaO + Na2O + K2O)) ranging from 1.06 to 1.16. High differentiation indexes (DI = 95–97) and low P2O5 contents demonstrate that Shihuiyao rocks are low-P and peraluminous rare-metal granites. Mineral chemistry and whole-rock geochemistry can be used to obtain the following lithological sequence: zinnwaldite granite, muscovite–zinnwaldite granite, amazonite-bearing granite and amazonite pegmatite. The effect of the rare-earth element tetrad; low K/Rb (18.98–32.82), Nb/Ta (2.41–4.64) and Zr/Hf (5.99–8.80) ratios; and the occurrence of snowball-textured quartz suggest that extreme magmatic fractionation might be the key factor that causes Rb–Nb–Ta enrichment.
Novel Hydroxyl-Containing Quaternary Ammonium Salt N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-N, N-Dimethyl-3-[(1-Oxododecyl)amino]-1-Propanaminium: Its Synthesis and Flotation Performance to Quartz
Authors: Wang Benying , Zhao Panxing , Liu Wengang , Liu Wenbao , Guo Ying , Tong Kelin , Chen Xudong
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a novel hydroxyl-containing quaternary ammonium surfactant N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-N, N-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]-1-propanaminium (LPDC) was synthesized and introduced as a collector for the reverse cationic flotation separation of apatite from quartz; the adsorption mechanisms between LPDC and two mineral surfaces were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), zeta potential measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. The micro-flotation tests showed that LPDC exhibited excellent flotation performance. When the pulp was at natural pH and LPDC concentration was 25 mg/L, the apatite concentrate with a P2O5 recovery of 95.45% and P2O5 grade of 38.94% could be obtained from artificially mixed minerals. FTIR, zeta potential, and XPS analysis indicated that the adsorption of LPDC onto quartz surface is stronger than that onto apatite surface; meanwhile, the adsorption of LPDC onto quartz surface is mainly provided by electrostatic force and hydrogen bonding.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Tribulus terrestris Seeds: Revealed Promising Antidiabetic Potentials
Authors: Rahman Abdur , Rehman Gauhar , Shah Nasrullah , Hamayun Muhammad , Ali Sajid , Ali Abid , Shah Said karim , Khan Waliullah , Shah Muhammad Ishaq Ali , Alrefaei Abdulwahed Fahad
Published: May 2023

Green synthesis is the most effective and environmentally friendly way to produce nanoparticles. The present research aimed at the biosynthesizing of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Tribulus terrestris seed extract as the reducing and stabilizing agent and investigating their anti-diabetic properties. Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to analyze the synthesized silver nanoparticles from Tribulus terrestris (TT-AgNPs). The spectroscopic characterization revealed a surface Plasmon resonance band at 380 nm, which verified the development of TT-AgNPs. The transmittance peaks were observed at 596, 1450, 1631, 2856, 2921, and 3422 cm−1 through the FTIR spectrophotometer. The XRD spectrum showed four distinct diffraction peaks in the 2θ range at 20° to 60°. Intense peaks were at 26.32°, 30.70°, 44.70°, 56.07°, 53.75°, 66.28°, and 75.32°. The SEM analysis revealed that the prepared TT-AgNPs were clustered loosely with a smooth and spherical structure and were of relatively uniform size. The in vitro antidiabetic potential of TT-AgNPs was assessed by using glucose yeast uptake, glucose adsorption, and alpha-amylase assays. TT-AgNPs showed the highest activity (78.45 ± 0.84%) of glucose uptake by yeast at 80 µg/mL. In the glucose adsorption assay, the highest activity of TT-AgNPs was 10.40 ± 0.52% at 30 mM, while in the alpha-amylase assay, TT-AgNPs exhibited the maximum activity of 75.68 ± 0.11% at 100 µg/mL. The results indicate a substantial anti-diabetic effect of the TT-AgNPs. Furthermore, the in vivo antidiabetic study was performed on TT-AgNPs in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. After receiving TT-AgNPs treatment for 30 days, the mice were sacrificed for biochemical and histological analyses of pancreatic and liver samples, which demonstrated a good improvement when compared to the control group. Mice treated with TT-AgNPs showed a significant drop in blood sugar levels, showing that the biosynthesized TT-AgNPs have effective anti-diabetic properties.