bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of intraoperative use of tropicamide 0.02%/phenylephrine0.31%/lidocaine1% intracameral combination during pediatric cataract surgery
Authors: Nucci Paolo , Lembo Andrea , Caputo Roberto , Dellavalle Andrea , Serafino Massimiliano , Schiavetti Irene , Pichi Francesco
Published: March 2022

Background: to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the intracameral use of tropicamide 0.02%/phenylephrine 0.31%/lidocaine 1% in pediatric cataract surgery, a combination widely used in adult patients but still off-label in childrenMethods: Design: two-center, prospective, observational studySetting: San Giuseppe Hospital, Milan and Meyer Children's Hospital, FlorenceStudy population: children from 0 to 4 years of age undergoing cataract surgery with or without intraocular IOL implantation, in the absence of clinically significant systemic conditions, history of ocular surgery, concurrent ocular medication, hypersensitivity to any of the substances and post-traumatic cataracts. During the surgery, patients received the combination drug after the primary access to the anterior chamber. Efficacy was evaluated by achieving an adequate mydriasis in order to perform capsulorhexis, while safety was assessed by recording vital signs (heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature) pre and post administration of the substance.Results: this study included 53 surgical procedures of 36 patients: 41 eyes were left aphakic while 12 eyes received primary IOL implantation. The pupil size was adequate to safely perform capsulorhexis in 52 procedures of 53. The difference in pupil enlargement was significant (6.0 ± 1.14mm, P = < 0.001). There were no notable changes in vital parameters. Conclusions: the administration of intracameral tropicamide 0.02%/phenylephrine 0.31%/lidocaine 1% in pediatric cataract surgery is effective for obtaining an adequate mydriasis without any vital parameters changes throughout the procedure.
Theoretical design on the characteristics of a hexagon quasi- zero stiffness vibration isolator
Authors: Li Yingli , Zhou Wenxi
Published: March 2022

A novel hexagon quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) platform using link-spring mechanism is proposed with load adjustable to seek for low-frequency vibration isolation. First, the key static characteristics, such as the elastic potential energy, restoring force and effective stiffness are obtained by mechanical modeling for different configurations of the platform. It indicates that the proposed structure could achieve dynamic zero stiffness for different designed loading capacity, even a full band vibration isolation. Then, the nonlinear properties of inertia, stiffness and damping are systematically studied and it is proven to be beneficial for dynamic stabilization and vibration isolation. An analytical expression for the effective stiffness is derived to obtain parameter condition for QZS characteristic. Finally, the displacement transmissibility of the structure is solved by the harmonic balance method. The results demonstrate that the hexagon QZS vibration isolator has low and tunable frequency for vibration isolation and outperforms the linear isolators. Comparing to the classical QZS vibration isolator, the proposed one has a wider zero stiffness plateau and the starting frequency of vibration isolation can be as low as 1/4 that of the classical one. Consequently, the hexagon QZS isolator should be a feasible design for vibration isolation in ultralow frequency range.
FastAAI: Efficient Estimation of Genome Average Amino Acid Identity and Phylum-level relationships using Tetramers of Universal Proteins
Authors: Konstantinidis Konstantinos , Ruiz-Perez Carlos , Gerhardt Kenji , Rodriguez-R Luis , Jain Chirag , Tiedje James , Cole James
Published: March 2022

Estimation of whole-genome relatedness and taxonomic identification are two important bioinformatics tasks in describing environmental or clinical microbiomes. The genome-aggregate Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) is routinely used to derive the relatedness of closely related (species level) microbial and viral genomes, but it is not appropriate for more divergent genomes. Average Amino Acid Identity (AAI) can be used in the latter cases, but no current AAI implementation can efficiently compare thousands of genomes. Here we present FastAAI, a tool that estimates whole-genome pairwise relatedness using shared tetramers of universal proteins in a matter of microseconds, providing a speedup of up to 5 orders of magnitude when compared with current methods of calculating AAI or alternative whole-genome metrics. Further, FastAAI resolves distantly related genomes related at the phylum level with comparable accuracy to the phylogeny of ribosomal rRNA genes, substantially improving on a known limitation of current AAI implementations. Therefore, Fast AAI uniquely expands the toolbox for microbiome analysis and allows it to scale to millions of genomes.
Refractory flare-up of severe bronchial asthma controlled with mepolizumab due to Pneumocystis pneumonia: A case report
Authors: Takeda Kazuya , Sumi Toshiyuki , Nagahisa Yuta , Matsuura Keigo , Sekikawa Motoki , Watanabe Hiroki , Yamada Yuichi , Chiba Hirofumi
Published: March 2022

BackgroundBiologics dramatically improve symptoms of severe asthma; however, various exacerbating factors may induce flare-up. Pneumocystis sp. shave not been reported as a cause of asthma exacerbation during biologic use, although patients with severe asthma have high levels of antibodies against Pneumocystis spp.Case presentationAn 87-year-old woman with severe asthma that was well-controlled with mepolizumab, who developed a steroid-resistant refractory flare-up. Chest computed tomography showed bilateral ground glass opacities, and results of polymerase chain reaction tests on induced sputum were positive for Pneumocystis DNA. Therefore, a diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia was made. The clinical symptoms improved after treatment with sulfamethoxazole–trimethoprim.ConclusionClinicians should be aware of Pneumocystis pneumonia as a cause of refractory exacerbation of bronchial asthma during use of interleukin-5 inhibitors.
The Role Of Hepatic And Renal Functions In The Development Of Retinopathy Of Prematurity: Is Proteinuria A New Risk Factor?
Authors: Eroglu Sayime Aydin , Unsal Ayse Ipek Akyuz , Abdullayev Ozge Key , Guler Duygu , Turkmen Munevver , Ozkan Seyhan Bahar , Demirci Buket , Omurlu Imran Kurt
Published: March 2022

Purpose: To investigate the association of hepatic and renal parameters with the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in premature infants with a gestational age ≤ 32 weeks.Methods: Medical records of 240 preterm infants were reviewed retrospectively, 85 of them were grouped as type 1, type 2 ROP and control group. These groups test results of first-month hepatic and renal function were compared for the risk of development of ROP and the development of type 1 ROP.Results: In this study, 12, 35 and 38 infants were enrolled in the type 1, type 2 ROP and control group, respectively. The average gestational age and birth weight were higher; however, the duration of oxygen treatment was lower in the control group (p<0.001). The blood glucose level was significantly higher in the type 1 ROP group than in the other groups (p=0.023). The mean of total serum bilirubin of the type 1 ROP group was significantly lower than those of the type 2 ROP and control group (p=0.032). Proteinuria was present in 85.7% of preterms with treatment-requiring ROP and proteinuria increased the risk of ROP by 3.9 times (OR with 95% CI: 3.9 (1.19-12.75), p=0.042).Conclusion: We found significantly higher blood glucose and lower total bilirubin level in the type 1 ROP group. Moreover, our findings suggest that proteinuria seems to be a new and important risk factor for both ROP and type 1 ROP in preterm infants.
Effects of sugammadex versus neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting in adult patients after general anesthesia: A single-center retrospective study
Authors: Ju Jae-Woo , Hwang In Eob , Cho Hye-Yeon , Yang Seong Mi , Kim Won Ho , Lee Ho-Jin
Published: March 2022

Background: We aimed to compare the use of sugammadex to that of neostigmine in association with the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) during the first 24 h following general anesthesia.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 10,912 patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia in 2020 at an academic medical center in Seoul, South Korea. The exposure groups were determined according to whether the patient received sugammadex or neostigmine as a reversal agent. Demographic and perioperative variables, including PONV occurrence, were collected from the electronic medical records. The primary outcome was PONV occurrence during the first 24 h postoperatively (overall). Secondary outcomes were PONV occurrence during 0–2 h (early) and 2–24 h (delayed) postoperatively, and antiemetic use during the first 24 h postoperatively. The associations between the type of reversal agent and primary and secondary outcomes were investigated using logistic regression, while adjusting for confounding variables using stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW). An interaction analysis was also performed to investigate whether the type of general anesthesia influenced the association between sugammadex use and PONV occurrence.Results: Of the 10,912 patients included in this study, 5,918 (54.2%) received sugammadex. Sugammadex (vs. neostigmine) was found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of overall PONV (15.8 vs. 17.7%; odds ratio [OR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–0.97; P = 0.010), the occurrence of early PONV (7.6 vs. 9.7%; OR, 0.77; 98.7% CI, 0.65–0.91; P < 0.001), and antiemetic use within 24 h postoperatively (11.8 vs. 14.3%, OR, 0.80; 98.3% CI, 0.70–0.92; P < 0.001) after sIPTW. There was no evidence of interactions between sugammadex use and type of anesthesia for the primary and secondary outcomes.Conclusions: Compared with neostigmine/glycopyrrolate, sugammadex use was associated with a lower occurrence of PONV during the first 24 h following general anesthesia. Additionally, there was no significant interaction between the type of reversal agent and type of general anesthesia related to overall PONV occurrence. However, our retrospective study design precludes a firm conclusion regarding the effect of sugammadex on PONV after general anesthesia.Trial registration: not applicable
Eco-friendly cement-less concrete from hazardous iron ore tailing and waste of cellulose-pulp, concrete demolition and lime production.
Authors: Mymrin Vsevolod , Pedroso Cleber L. , Pedroso Daniela E. , Rolim Paulo H.B. , Catai Rodrigo E. , Carvalho Karina Q.
Published: March 2022

The rapid deterioration of the environmental situation comes mainly from environmental pollution by industrial and municipal wastes in the form of industrial and landfilled industrial and municipal wastes. The only way out of this threatening situation is the urgent utilization of all these wastes as valuable raw materials alternative to traditional natural materials. This article describes in detail the result of the complete replacement of natural materials with four industrial wastes – from iron ore processing, cellulose and pulp production, concrete production and demolition, and lime production - without changing the technological process nor creating new residues. The samples' axial resistance values reached up to 4.94 MPa after 3 curing days, 5.75 MPa after 7 days, and 11.47 MPa on the 720th day of outdoor curing. The XRD, SEM, EDS, and LAMMA methods demonstrated the sol-gel solutions' chemical interaction process and their gradual densification to a stone-like state. The developed materials have high mechanical and environmental properties and can be used to produce construction materials, such as bases of road and airfield runways, levee cores, industrial and municipal dumps, building foundations, bricks, and blocks.
Integrated tumor genomic and immune microenvironment analysis identifies predictive biomarkers associated with the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy for triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Liu Xiaoan , Zhu Yanhui , Zhang Hongfei , Pan Chaohu , He Gao , Cui Xiaoli , Yu Xiafei , Zhang Xiaoqiang , Wu Dongfang , Yang Junzhe , Wu Xian , Luo Haitao
Published: March 2022

Background: Although neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is currently the best therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), resistance still occurs in a considerable proportion of TNBC patients, making it crucial to understand resistance mechanisms and identify predictive biomarkers for patient selection.Methods: Biopsy samples were collected from 21 patients with TNBC who underwent NAC. Whole-exome sequencing, targeted sequencing, and multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) were carried out on the all clinical samples and used to identify and validate potential biomarkers associated with response to NAC. In addition, data on 190 TNBC patients who had undergone chemotherapy were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed to further validate our findings.Results: Both the tumor mutational burden (TMB) and tumor neoantigen burden (TNB) were significantly higher in responders than in non-responders. Higher response rates and longer survival rates were observed in patients with higher TMB. Patients with higher ratios of CD8 to M2 macrophages had higher response rates and improved survival rates. Finally, integrated analysis demonstrated that the combination of TMB and the ratio of CD8 T cells to M2 macrophages could further distinguish responders from non-responders in both enrolled patients and from public data.Conclusions: The findings of this study indicated that the combination of TMB and the ratio of CD8 T cells to M2 macrophages may be a potential biomarker for improving the recognition of NAT responders, thereby providing a basis for developing precision NAT regimens.
Comparison of three-dimensional navigation-guided percutaneous screw and minimally invasive percutaneous plate for ZoneⅡsacral fractures
Authors: Liu Ximing , Pei Xuan , Zhou Wei , Qian Shenglong , Ke Xi , Wang Guodong , Cai Xianhua
Published: March 2022

Purposes The aim of surgical treatment for ZoneⅡsacral fractures is to rebuild the stability of the pelvis and prevent complications. Iliosacral screw and minimally invasive percutaneous plate all can used in ZoneⅡsacral fractures. Screw fixation under 3D navigation was increasingly adopted to improve surgical accuracy and safety. 3D Navigation is more accurate, has shorter surgical time, and has less radiation exposure than conventional X-ray in sacral fractures fixation. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the efficacy of percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation under 3D navigation with minimally invasive percutaneous plate fixation in the treatment of ZoneⅡsacral fractures.Methods Records of patients with ZoneⅡsacral fractures were extracted from the case system. Patients with 3D-navigation-guided percutaneous screw fixation (A fixation group) and minimally invasive percutaneous plate (B fixation group) were included. Patients' injury severity score (ISS), operative time, intra-operative blood loss, length of hospital stay, follow-up time, time to weight bearing, time to clinical healing, and complications were recorded. Matta criteria were used to assess fracture reduction outcomes. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Majeed grading system. X-rays were used to assess fracture displacement and healing. Results Thirty-five patients in group A and twenty-nine patients in group B were included in this study. Operative time, intra-operative blood loss, length of hospital stay were lower in the A fixation group than in the B fixation group. No significant differences were found between the two groups in ISS, time from admission to operation, time to weight bearing, time to clinical healing, Matta scores, or Majeed scores at follow-up.Conclusions Based on the results of this study, we conclude that these two methods can achieve satisfactory clinical results in the treatment of ZoneⅡsacral fractures. 3D-navigation-guided percutaneous screw fixation has a faster operative time, less blood loss, and shorter hospital stay. In clinical work, we suggest a good option for the treatment of ZoneⅡsacral fractures with percutaneous iliosacral screws under 3D-navigation. It is also suitable for patients with vertical displacement and dysmorphic sacral, with careful and adequate preoperative evaluation preplanning.
CXCL12 drives pericyte accumulation and airway remodeling in allergic airway disease
Authors: Bignold Rebecca , Shammout Bushra , Rowley Jessica E. , Repici Mariaelena , Simms John , Johnson Jill R.
Published: March 2022

Background
Airway remodeling is a significant contributor to impaired lung function in chronic allergic airway disease. Currently, no therapy exists that is capable of targeting these structural changes and the consequent loss of function. In the context of chronic allergic inflammation, pericytes have been shown to uncouple from the pulmonary microvasculature, migrate to areas of inflammation, and significantly contribute to airway wall remodeling and lung dysfunction. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which pulmonary pericytes accumulate in the airway wall in a model of chronic allergic airway inflammation.
Methods
Mice were subjected to a protocol of chronic airway inflammation driven by the common environmental aeroallergen house dust mite. Phenotypic changes to lung pericytes were assessed by flow cytometry and immunostaining, and the functional capacity of these cells was evaluated using in vitro migration assays. The molecular mechanisms driving these processes were targeted pharmacologically in vivo and in vitro.
Results
Pericytes demonstrated increased CXCR4 expression in response to chronic allergic inflammation and migrated more readily to its cognate chemokine, CXCL12. This increase in migratory capacity was accompanied by pericyte accumulation in the airway wall, increased smooth muscle thickness, and symptoms of dyspnea. Pericyte uncoupling from pulmonary vessels and subsequent migration to the airway wall were abrogated following topical treatment with the CXCL12 neutraligand LIT-927.
Conclusion
These results provide new insight into the role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling axis in promoting pulmonary pericyte accumulation and airway remodeling and validate a novel target to address tissue remodeling associated with chronic inflammation.
Targeting MDC1 promotes apoptosis and sensitizes Imatinib resistance in CML cells by mainly disrupting non-homologous end-joining repair
Authors: Liang Yang , Qin Yuefeng , Jiang Guoyun , Feng Wenli , Yuan Ying
Published: March 2022

Background
The first-line drug Imatinib (IM) has achieved a curative effect in most chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, but drug resistance remains a problem. More alternative therapeutic strategies need to explore. In recent years, targeting dysregulated DNA repair mechanisms provided promising options for CML treatment.
Methods
The Co-IP assay was used to analyze the proteins that interact with Mediator of DNA Damage Checkpoint 1 (MDC1). The repair assays were based on the reporter plasmids to study the repair ability of cells. We detected DNA damage mainly through the comet assay and immunofluorescence assays. RT-qPCR and western blot were performed to measure the expression of MDC1 in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) from CML patients and cell lines. Clone formation assays were used to test the proliferation ability of CML cells. Flow cytometry and western blot were used to analyze cell apoptosis.
Results
In this study, we discovered the versatile MDC1 interacted with γ-H2AX and 53BP1 in the early stage of the DNA damage response of cells. MDC1 was over-expressed in CML cell lines and patients’ BMMCs. By knocking down MDC1, non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways were mainly inhibited, leading to an intense accumulation of unrepaired intracellular DNA damage and an apparent cell apoptosis promotion. Notably, targeting MDC1 further enhanced drug sensitivity in IM-resistant CML cells.
Conclusions
Our work demonstrated that MDC1 is a prospective target for CML treatment through regulating DNA damage repair mechanism, and also an alternative option to cope with the current IM resistance dilemma. This study extends the understanding of regulating dysfunctional DNA repair mechanisms for cancer treatment.
Flexible assertive community treatment in rural contexts: a qualitative study on the challenges and adaptions of the model
Authors: Trane Kristin , Aasbrenn Kristian , Rønningen Martin , Odden Sigrun , Lexén Annika , Landheim Anne Signe
Published: March 2022

Background: Flexible assertive community treatment (FACT) is an innovative model for providing long-term treatment to people with severe mental illness. This model was developed in the Netherlands but is now used in other countries, including Norway, which has a complex and fragmented service system and geography different from the Netherlands, with many rural areas. Implementation of innovations is context-dependent. The FACT model’s potential in rural areas, such as those in Norway, has not been studied. Therefore, we aimed to gain knowledge regarding the challenges and modifications of the model in rural contexts and discuss how they can affect the model’s potential in such areas. This knowledge can improve the understanding of how FACT teams or similar services can be adapted to function most optimally in rural conditions. We sought to address the following questions: Which elements of the FACT model do team leaders of the rural FACT teams find particularly challenging due to the context, and what modifications have the teams made to the model? Methods: Digital interviews were conducted with five team leaders from five rural FACT teams in different parts of Norway. They were selected using purposive sampling to include team leaders from some of the most rural teams in Norway. The interviews were analysed using thematic text analysis.Results: The following three themes described the elements of the FACT model that were experienced as particularly challenging in the rural context: multidisciplinary shared caseload approach, intensive outreach and crisis management. The following eight themes described the modifications that the teams had made to the model: intermunicipal collaboration, context-adaptive planning, delegation of tasks to municipal services, part-time employment, different geographical locations of staff, use of digital tools, fewer FACT board meetings and reduced caseload.Conclusions: Rural contexts appear to challenge the FACT model’s potential. However, modifications can be made, some of which can be considered innovative modifications that can increase the model’s potential in rural areas, while others might move the teams further away from the model. There appears to be a limit to the length of travel distances and sparsity of population for the FACT model to function.
First Language use in EFL classes
Authors: Orfan Sayeed Naqibullah , Noori Abdul Qawi
Published: March 2022

The study examined instructors’ arguments for and against the use of L1 in EFL classes. It explored the frequency use and functions of L1 in classes. It also investigated the impact of the participants’ gender, education and years of teaching on their responses. A questionnaire and classroom observations were used to collect data from 189 and 5 EFL instructors, respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The results showed that EFL instructors had mixed perceptions about L1 use in EFL classes. They believed that L1 had both facilitative roles (e.g. helping students build up their lexicon) and negative consequences (e.g., interfering in students’ learning). Furthermore, the instructors utilized L1 for various language, classroom management and social purposes. L1 was more frequently used to explain difficult grammatical points, new vocabulary and difficult concepts. Instructors favored and used L1 more frequently in low level classes than higher levels. The study revealed that there were statistically significant differences between participants’ responses by their gender, education and years of teaching. The study recommends Afghan EFL instructors to revisit their use of L1 in EFL classes and use it judiciously and systematically to optimize students’ English learning and prevent negative consequences of the overuse of L1 (e.g., learners’ dependence on L1).
Genetic and Embryological Basis with Clinical Implications of Lobulated Kidney: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: D'Sa Divya Shanthi , T.K Vasudha , Rao K. Anup
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Lobation of kidney is a normal stage during development. Persistent foetal lobulations of kidneys may mimick inflammatory conditions like renal scars in CT and also mistaken for a tumour. It may lead to errors in diagnosis and resulting in unwanted investigations and interventions. The present study’s main emphasis was to look for foetal lobulations in adult kidneys, study its genetic and embryological basis as well as describe its clinical significance. Materials and methods: This observational study includes 25 formalin-fixed cadavers, sourced from Subbaiah Institute of Medical Sciences, Shimoga, Karnataka, India, during the period of 2015–21. Total of 50 kidneys were observed for lobulations and data obtained was tabulated. Results: Of the 25 right and 25 left kidneys, five kidneys showed lobulations, among which 2 were right and 3 left.Conclusion: In the present study, we found 8% of lobulations on right side and 12% on left side. The knowledge of lobulations is of importance in distinguishing a pathological kidney from a normal sized healthy kidney
People powered research: What do communities identify as important for happy and healthy children and young people? A multi-disciplinary community research priority setting exercise in the City of Bradford, United Kingdom (UK)
Authors: Cartwright Christopher , Rahman Aamnah , Islam Shahid , Lockyer Bridget , Roper Euroline , Worcester Meegan , Zarate Melany , McEachan Rosemary
Published: March 2022

Background: Involving communities in research priority setting can increase the relevance and efficiency of research, leading to better health outcomes. However these exercises often lack clarity in how communities are involved and the extent to which priorities are acted upon is unclear. Seldom-heard groups, for example ethnic minorities may experience barriers to participation. We report methods and outcomes of an inclusive co-produced community research priority setting exercise within the multicultural and deprived city of Bradford, UK. The aim was to identify priorities for keeping children happy and healthy and was undertaken by the Born in Bradford (BiB) research programme to inform future research agendas.Methods: A 12 member multi-disciplinary, multi-ethnic community steering group led the process using a modified James Lind Alliance approach between December 2018-March 2020. Research priorities were collected via a community and online survey distributed widely. Respondents were asked to list three important things to keep children i)happy, ii) healthy and what needs to change to improve either health or happiness. Free text data were coded iteratively by community researchers, and shared priorities were co-produced in a series of workshops and meetings. Results: 588 respondents to the survey identified 5748 priorities, which were coded into 22 themes. These covered a range of individual, social and wider socioeconomic, environmental and cultural priorities. Diet/nutrition and exercise were most commonly identified as important for health, including what needs to change to improve health. For happiness, home life and family relationships, listening to children, and education/activities were the most commonly identified. Community assets were identified as important to change for both health and happiness. From the survey response the steering group developed 27 research questions. There were mapped onto existing and planned research agendas within BiB. Conclusions: Communities identified both structural and individual factors as important priorities for health and happiness. We demonstrate how communities can be involved in priority setting using a co-productive approach in the hope this can be used as a model for others. The resulting shared research agenda will shape future research to improve the health of families living in Bradford.
Regional differences in dietary pattern in India and its relation to nutrition related outcomes
Authors: Venkatesan Padmanaban , SS Prakash , Ramasamy Jagadish
Published: March 2022

Purpose
This work was done to study whether regional differences in dietary patterns in India has a role in nutrition related health outcomes such as anemia, obesity, undernutrition, and high blood glucose.
Methods
It was an ecological study using data on food consumption and nutrition related health outcomes extracted from household consumer expenditure survey (2011), and National Family Health Survey-4 (NFHS-4) (2015-16), respectively. Data were extracted at district level from both these surveys and analysed separately for rural and urban regions. Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis and their correlation with health outcomes were analysed by spatial regression analysis.
Results
Four major dietary patterns were observed and were similar between rural and urban regions. ‘Milk and wheat rich diet’ was positively associated with prevalence of anemia among men. ‘Rice and meat rich diet’ and ‘Coconut and sea food rich diet’ were positively associated with prevalence of overweight BMI and high blood glucose in women. ‘Coconut and sea food rich diet’ was negatively associated with prevalence of underweight BMI and anemia in women. ‘Refined oil and tur dal rich diet’ was positively associated with overweight BMI and hypertension and negatively associated with underweight BMI and anemia in men and women. These associations were significant after adjusting for differences in socio-economic development.
Conclusions
Four major dietary patterns were associated with several nutrition related health outcomes. The mechanism of these associations must be explored further.
Immunoinformatics approach to epitope-based vaccine design against the SARS-CoV-2 in Bangladeshi patients
Authors: Akter Shahina , Shahab Muhammad , Sarkar Md. Murshed Hasan , Hayat Chandni , Banu Tanjina Akhtar , Goswami Barna , Jahan Iffat , Osman Eshrar , Uzzaman Mohammad Samir , Habib Md Ahashan , Shaikh Aftab Ali , Khan Md. Salim
Published: March 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic which has brought a great challenge to public health. After the first emergence of novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in the city of Wuhan, China in December 2019. As of March 2020, SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in Bangladesh and since then the country has experienced a steady rise in infections, resulting in 13,355,191 cases and 29,024 deaths as of 27 February 2022. Bioinformatics techniques are used to predict B- and T-cell epitopes from the new SARS-CoV-2 glycoprotein in order to build a unique multiple epitope vaccine. The immunogenicity, antigenicity scores, and toxicity of these epitopes were evaluated and chosen based on their capacity to elicit an immune response. The best multi-epitope of the possible immunogenic property was created by combining epitopes. EAAAK, AAY, and GPGPG linkers were used to connect the epitopes. In several computer-based immune response analyses, this vaccine design was found to be efficient, as well as having high population coverage. This research is entirely reliant on the development of epitope-based vaccines, and these in silico findings would represent a major step forward in the development of a vaccine that might eradicate SARS-CoV-2 in Bangladeshi patients.
A case of Sheehan syndrome six years postpartum with hypothyroidism and mild hyponatremia
Authors: Jindal Himanshu ,   2.	Priya Mishra,   3.	Efa Khan, Palawat Sandeep Singh
Published: March 2022

Sheehan syndrome, also referred to as postpartum hypopituitarism is often a sequela of massive post-partum hemorrhage in resource poor healthcare settings where blood loss during delivery is often neglected. The diagnosis of this rare but fatal is disease is often delayed because the symptoms are vague and the pituitary dysfunction is insidious in nature. This condition sometimes takes more than a decade before it is diagnosed. The classic signs and symptoms include agalactia, secondary amenorrhea and dry wrinkling skin. Often an empty or a partially empty sella is seen on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. We present the case of a 35-year-old multiparous female with anhedonia and raised serum transaminases who presented to our side with mild hyponatremia and hypothyroidism. She got diagnosed with Sheehan syndrome at our set up six years after her last obstetric event. Through this case report, we intend to provide a clinical account of the patient’s condition and management.
Phytochemical Analysis of Gossypium Hirsutum Root Extracts Obtained From Monze District of Southern Province, Zambia-Using Qualitative Methods.
Authors: Chimbwali Lawrence
Published: March 2022

Phytochemicals are primary and secondary compounds which are naturally occurring in the medicinal plants, leaves, vegetables and roots that have defense mechanism and protect from various diseases. Gossypium hirsutum is a plant from the Malvaceae family of flowering plants is used in folk medicine for its medicinal values. The aim of this study was to conduct a qualitative phytochemical analysis of Gossypium hirsutum root extracts. The results showed that the root extract of Gossypium hirsutum contains saponin, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, amino acids, carbohydrates, reducing sugars, proteins, alkaloids, phytosteroids and glycosides.
A successful total femur replacement in an unusual presentation of pathological fracture of shaft of femur and related difficult events during surgery- a case report
Authors: Vathulya Madhubari , Dhingra Mohit , seenivasagam Rajkumar kottyasamy
Published: March 2022

We here present a case of chondrosarcoma of diaphysis of femur with extensive involvement of the length of the bone. We encountered the involvement of the vessels at the junction of middle and lower third of femur during surgical resection of the tumor. The involvement of the vessel may be attributed to the pathological fracture which might have deranged the integrity of the vascular bundle. Total femur replacement was done in this case with a bipolar head and repair of abductors and hip flexors to the implanted prosthesis
The Time Value of Carbon Storage
Authors: Parisa Zack , Marland Eric , Sohngen Brent , Marland Gregg , Jenkins Jennifer
Published: March 2022

Widespread concern about the risks of global climate change is increasingly focused on the urgent need for action (IPCC, 2018; IPCC, 2021), and natural climate solutions are a critical component of global strategies to achieve low temperature targets (e.g. Griscom et al. 2017, Roe et al. 2019). Yet to date, the full potential of natural systems to store carbon has not been leveraged because policy-makers have required long-term contracts to compensate for permanence concerns, and these long-term contracts substantially raise costs and limit deployment. In this paper, we lay out the rationale that our time preference for early action leads to the conclusion that multiple tons of short-term storage of carbon in ecosystem stocks can be considered to have equal value – as measured by the social cost of carbon -- as 1 ton of carbon sequestered permanently. This equivalence can be used to quantify the value of short-term carbon storage, thereby removing one of the most significant barriers to participation in the carbon market and enabling the full climate mitigation potential of the land sector to be realized.
Menakar Kembali Konsep Kala pada Fiʿil Māḍī Menurut Nuḥāt (Kajian Reflektif untuk Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab)
Authors: Suyuti Muh Hikamudin , Asy'ari Hasyim
Published: March 2022

The most often discussed topics concerning nahw (Arabic grammar) are ism (noun), fi’il (verb), and hurf (letter). Fi'il (verb) can be classified into māḍī, muḍāriʿ, and amar. As well as past (māḍī), present (muḍāriʿ), and future (mustaqbal). The study of time in Arabic is critical. The purpose of this study is to examine fiil māḍī using a content analysis method. This study reported that Arabic grammarians (Nuḥāt) have diverse opinions on time in fiʿil māḍī, particularly to state implications in the current and future time, an argument that is bolstered by the fact that the Assyrian language also uses it. In Arabic, the term fiʿil ghayr tām (Muḍāriʿ) refers to both present and future events. The researchers suggested to use several reading methods to improve students' Arabic understanding, including Al-Qirā'ah al-Muwassaʿah (Extensive Reading), Al-Fahm al-Qirā'ī (Reading Comprehension) and Al-Qirā'ah al-Nāqidah (Critical Reading).
DAKWAH PADA KORBAN BENCANA ALAM DAN BENCANA SOSIAL
Authors: Wihartati Wening
Published: March 2022

Disaster is a kind of incidents disrupting normal conditions and resulting in misery and deprivation for some people who go through. It comprises of two types: natural disasters and social disasters that are caused by humans. These two might bring great psychological impacts and deep trauma that requires particular treatments to the victims. This kind of victims is considered as the da’wah addressee (mad'u) with special needs because the psychological condition they suffer has given a significant effect for their life. One of the ways to recover their suffering is through preaching da’wah. There are some forms of da’wah to cope with their conditions; namely by using irsyad and Islamic tathwir. While the da’wah methods are by using mau'idzah al hasanah, bil maal, bil haal, and group action.***Bencana merupakan kejadian yang menggangu keadaan dalam kondisi normal dan mengakibatkan penderitaan yang melampui kapasitas penyesuaian individu atau komunitas yang mengalaminya. Bencana terdiri dari dua jenis yaitu : bencana alam dan bencana sosial yang disebabkan oleh manusia. Dampak bencana ini membawa akibat secara psikologis dan trauma yang sangat mendalam yang membutuhkan penanganan. Mad’u korban bencana ini dapat dikatakan mad’u dengan kebutuhan khusus karena kondisi psikologis yang diderita memberikan pengaruh yang cukup signifikan bagi kehidupan yang harus dijalani. Salah satu cara untuk menanganinya adalah dengan jalan dakwah. Terdapat bentuk-bentuk dakwah untuk menangani korban bencana yaitu dengan dakwah bentuk irsyad dan tathwir islam dan metode-metode dakwah yang digunakan yaitu metode mau’idzah al hasanah, bil mal, bil hal dan aksi kelompok.
EMPOWERING INDONESIAN FEMALE DOMESTIC WORKERS
Authors: Tandos Rosita
Published: March 2022

Transnational domestic work is a billion dollar business that has a great impact to economic development of both sending and receiving countries. In fact, women are the main actors of this business that involve multiple stakeholders from governmental and non-governmental institutions and private sectors. Realizing the importance position of the women is necessary to enhance policies, programs and services that will bring positive impact to their lives. Islamic community development studies might provide religious perspective that integrates with other disciplines of studies such as social work, public policy and analysis, and social development. It might contribute ideas, principles and values used for improving social and economic conditions of transnational domestic workers. Therefore, it is necessary to extend the concept of Dakwah from communication (dakwah bil-lisan) into creating social action and  movement (dakwah bil-hal) for attain extensive social change.***Pekerjaan rumah tangga transnasional adalah bisnis miliar dolar yang memiliki dampak yang besar bagi pembangunan ekonomi kedua negara pengirim dan penerima. Bahkan, perempuan merupakan aktor utama bisnis ini yang melibatkan berbagai pemangku kepentingan dari lembaga pemerintah dan non-pemerintah, dan sektor swasta. Menyadari posisi pentingnya perempuan perlu meningkatkan kebijakan, program dan layanan yang akan membawa dampak positif bagi kehidupan mereka. Studi pengembangan masyarakat Islam dapat memberikan perspektif agama yang terintegrasi dengan disiplin keilmuan lain dari berbagai disilin kelimuan seperti kerja sosial, kebijakan publik dan analisis, dan pembangunan sosial. Pengembangan masyarakat Islam dapat menyumbang-kan ide-ide, prinsip-prinsip dan nilai-nilai yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan kondisi sosial dan ekonomi pekerja domestik-transnasional. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk memperluas konsep Dakwah dari komunikasi (dakwah bil lisan-) dalam menciptakan aksi sosial dan gerakan (dakwah bil-HAL) untuk mencapai perubahan sosial yang luas.
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTIVATION TO THE PERFORMANCE OF HONORARY RELIGIOUS COUNSELOR OF SEMARANG
Authors: Humami Ahmad Sahal , Murtadlo Ali , Sattar Abdul
Published: March 2022

The aim of this research is to know and analyze the influence of motivation to the performance of honorary religious counselor of Semarang. This research is conducted to all of honorary religious counselor of Semarang 2013. Research method used is descriptive method by using simple regression analysis. Sample of research is 132 of 200 honorary religious counselor of Semarang by using simple random sampling. Variable of research consists of independent variable motivation (X) and dependent variable performance (Y). The result shows motivation has positive and significance influence to the performance of honorary religious counselor of Semarang with 90,4%. Based on that result, it suggested: 1) all of honorary religious counselor is suggested to keep their motivation, 2) ministry of religious affairs to give treatment to increase the motivation of honorary religious counselor of semarang, 3) other researcher is suggested to develop the research about motivation or performance by other factors or variables.***Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja penyuluh agama honorer kota Semarang. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap penyuluh agama honorer kota Semarang yang berada di bawah naungan kementerian agama kota Semarang tahun 2013. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis regresi sedehana. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan teknik sampling sederhana, yaitu dengan mengambil sebagian populasi sebanyak 132 dari 200 jumlah keselurahan penyuluh agama honorer. Adapun variable dalam penelitian ini adalah variabel bebas, yaitu variabel motivasi (X), dan variabel terikat, yakni variabel kinerja (Y). Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa motivasi memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja penyuluh agama honorer kota Semarang dengan pengaruh sebesar 90,4 %. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, maka direkomendasi-kan: 1) kepada penyuluh agama honorer agar selalu mempertahankan motivasi dalam melaksanakan tugas-tugasnya, 2) kepada kementerian agama agar meningkatkan motivasi para penyuluh agama honorer dalam melayani masyarakat, 3) kepada para peneliti yang tertarik melakukan penelitian mengenai motivasi dan kinerja agar mengembangkan dengan faktor-faktor atau variabel lainnya.
MANAJEMEN BIMBINGAN KELUARGA BAHAGIA MENURUT AGAMA SAMAWI: Islam dan Kristen Saksi-Saksi Yehuwa
Authors: Choliq Abdul
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research to know point of view form two samawi religion about familly management problems. As know as, that in this life every people want to live in happy familly. Without judge about religion, clan, or their status. Because of it, many people try to raise their dream to make a happy familly with many way. One of them is implementation religion value in their daily activity. Based from survey by writer, there are many management or manner to build happy familly from religions in this world such us Islam and Kristen Witnesses Yehuwa. In Islam and Kristen Witnesses Yehuwa, there have a good management to build happy familly. Form a doctrinal value or value aplication from holly book.***Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pandangan dari dua sudut agama samawi, tentang persoalan yang berkaitan dengan manajemen keluarga. Sebagaimana di ketahui bahwa dalam kehidupan dunia ini semua orang yang hidup mengharapkan tinggal dalam sebuah keluarga yang bahagia. Tanpa memandang agama, ras, maupun status yang mereka miliki. Hal inilah yang membuat sebagian besar orang mewujudkan cita-cita mereka membangun keluarga yang bahagia dengan menempuh berbagai cara, salah satunya melalui pengamalan ajaran agama sehari-hari dalam kehidupan. Berdasarkan survey yang dilakukan oleh penulis, terdapat berbagai menajemen dalam membangun keluarga bahagia dari beberapa agama yang terdapat di dunia ini di antaranya Islam dan Kristen saksi-saksi yehuwa. Dalam agama islam dan Kristen saksi-saksi yehuwa memiliki manajemen yang bagus dalam membangun keluarga bahagia. Baik dari segi ajaran yang bersifat doktrinal maupun pengaplikasian ajaran yang terdapat dalam kitab suci kedua agama tersebut.
BANALITAS SIMBOL KEAGAMAAN DALAM SINETRON RELIGI: Analisis Tayangan Sinetron “Bukan Islam KTP” di SCTV
Authors: Solikhati Siti , Ahimsa Putra Heddy Shri , Nugroho Heru
Published: March 2022

The banality of religious symbols used in television soap opera has caused the distortion on meaning, so that some values of religious teachings have moved away from its substance. By observing the religious soap opera entitled “Bukan Islam KTP”, the writer tries to find out how such banality happens. This piece of work finds out that, in this soap opera, verbal and non-verbal religious symbols have been constructed in such a way for the sake of market interest as well as for the benefits of the symbol creator. This aim is carried out by representing religious teaching using entertainment program.***Banalitas penggunaan simbol-simbol keagamaan dalam tayangan sinetron di televisi telah mengakibatkan pembelokan makna, sehingga ajaran agama telah bergeser dari substansinya. Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk menemukan bagaimana peristiwa banalitas tersebut terjadi, dengan meneliti tayangan sinetron religi “Bukan Islam KTP”. Dalam sinetron ini, simbol kegamaan yang bersifat verbal dan non-verbal dikonstruksikan sedemikian rupa untuk kepentingan pasar serta keuntungan produsen pesan, dengan menyajikan program keagamaan yang bersifat hiburan.