bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficient Hazard Assessment for Pluvial Floods in Urban Environments: A Benchmarking Case Study for the City of Berlin, Germany
Authors: Seleem Omar , Heistermann Maik , Bronstert Axel
Published: September 2021

The presence of impermeable surfaces in urban areas hinders natural drainage and directs the surface runoff to storm drainage systems with finite capacity, which makes these areas prone to pluvial flooding. The occurrence of pluvial flooding depends on the existence of minimal areas for surface runoff generation and concentration. Detailed hydrologic and hydrodynamic simulations are computationally expensive and require intensive resources. This study compared and evaluated the performance of two simplified methods to identify urban pluvial flood-prone areas, namely the fill–spill–merge (FSM) method and the topographic wetness index (TWI) method and used the TELEMAC-2D hydrodynamic numerical model for benchmarking and validation. The FSM method uses common GIS operations to identify flood-prone depressions from a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM). The TWI method employs the maximum likelihood method (MLE) to probabilistically calibrate a TWI threshold (τ) based on the inundation maps from a 2D hydrodynamic model for a given spatial window (W) within the urban area. We found that the FSM method clearly outperforms the TWI method both conceptually and effectively in terms of model performance.
What’s on the Menu for the Resident Brown Trout in a Rich Limestone Stream?
Authors: Čanak Atlagić Jelena , Marić Ana , Tubić Bojana , Andjus Stefan , Đuknić Jelena , Marković Vanja , Paunović Momir , Simonović Predrag
Published: September 2021

Examination of brown trout seasonal diet variation and investigation of terrestrial prey importance in a food-rich stream using four indices of prey importance (number and weight abundance, frequency of occurrence, index of relative importance) revealed that aquatic prey constituted the major part of the diet (>90%) throughout the examined period. Despite Gammaridae being the most abundant in the environment, other less abundant organisms appeared to be important prey, including terrestrial organisms, with maximum consumption in September. The electivity index showed a positive selection of rare prey types; Tokeshi’s model revealed a specialist strategy for most of the population, except for those of 1+ age, who were inclining to generalist strategy. Diet diversity increased throughout April to October, and ages 1+ and 2+ exhibited a more diverse diet than older ages. Diet overlap between age classes was considerable, with less overlap observed in the later season. This pattern of differentiation in the diet of brown trout age classes and their feeding plasticity over seasonal scales, as observed in this food-rich stream, provides a starting point for further examination of this topic in streams with similar or different food richness and availability.
Spatial Patterns of Macromolecular Composition of Phytoplankton in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Choe Keyseok , Yun Misun , Park Sanghoon , Yang Eunjin , Jung Jinyoung , Kang Jaejoong , Jo Naeun , Kim Jaehong , Kim Jaesoon , Lee Sang Heon
Published: September 2021

The macromolecular concentrations and compositions of phytoplankton are crucial for the growth or nutritional structure of higher trophic levels through the food web in the ecosystem. To understand variations in macromolecular contents of phytoplankton, we investigated the macromolecular components of phytoplankton and analyzed their spatial pattern on the Chukchi Shelf and the Canada Basin. The carbohydrate (CHO) concentrations on the Chukchi Shelf and the Canada Basin were 50.4–480.8 μg L−1 and 35.2–90.1 μg L−1, whereas the lipids (LIP) concentrations were 23.7–330.5 μg L−1 and 11.7–65.6 μg L−1, respectively. The protein (PRT) concentrations were 25.3–258.5 μg L−1 on the Chukchi Shelf and 2.4–35.1 μg L−1 in the Canada Basin. CHO were the predominant macromolecules, accounting for 42.6% on the Chukchi Shelf and 60.5% in the Canada Basin. LIP and PRT contributed to 29.7% and 27.7% of total macromolecular composition on the Chukchi Shelf and 30.8% and 8.7% in the Canada Basin, respectively. Low PRT concentration and composition in the Canada Basin might be a result from the severe nutrient-deficient conditions during phytoplankton growth. The calculated food material concentrations were 307.8 and 98.9 μg L−1, and the average calorie contents of phytoplankton were 1.9 and 0.6 kcal m−3 for the Chukchi Shelf and the Canada Basin, respectively, which indicates the phytoplankton on the Chukchi Shelf could provide the large quantity of food material and high calories to the higher trophic levels. Overall, our results highlight that the biochemical compositions of phytoplankton are considerably different in the regions of the Arctic Ocean. More studies on the changes in the biochemical compositions of phytoplankton are still required under future environmental changes.
Soundscape: Progress in the past 50 years and challenges in the next 50 years
Authors: Kang Jian
Published: September 2021

Soundscape is defined by the ISO as the 'acoustic environment as perceived or experienced and/or understood by a person or people, in context'. Different from conventional noise control engineering, soundscape promotes a holistic approach, regarding sounds as 'resources' rather than
just 'wastes'. This paper first briefly reviews the soundscape progress in the past 50 years, showing that there has been a recognised focus shift from noise control to soundscape creation, and also a step change from soundscape concept to practice. Then the current developments and needs
in soundscape are dis-cussed in terms of soundscape understating and exchanging, collecting and documenting, harmonis-ing and standardising, creating and designing, and outreaching, showing that while considerable works have been carried out, much work is still needed, in terms of basic research,
and more im-portantly, research towards practice. Finally, some major challenges in the next 50 years are ex-plored, considering the new industrial revolution, climate change and changing living styles.
Subjective and objective evaluation of the impact and airborne sound insulation of multi-unit residential buildings
Authors: Andargie Maedot S. , Touchie Marianne , O'Brien William
Published: September 2021

Multi-unit residential building (MURB) occupants often express dissatisfaction with their suites' acoustic conditions despite existing building acoustic standards and regulations as well as growing research on noise control and building acoustics. Reasons for this include the lack of
proper characterization of acoustic comfort in MURBs and lack of comprehensive and stringent regulations. To better understand factors that impact acoustic comfort and explore strategies to improve the acoustic performance of MURBs, investigations of acoustic conditions were carried out. This
work presents the results of the investigations which include subjective and objective evaluations of acoustic conditions in two MURBs. Impact sound insulation measurements using both a tapping machine and a rubber ball as well as 24-hour indoor noise monitoring were carried out in unoccupied
suites. An online survey was then used to collect subjective assessments of the noise conditions in the buildings and the effects on occupants' comfort post occupancy. Results of the data analysis suggest that occupants are more sensitive to low-frequency impact sounds than mid- and high-frequency
impact noise.
Understanding the relationship between onomatopoeic expressions and sound quality for rotary switch operating sounds
Authors: Miyairi Toru , Shirasaka Takeshi , Shimomura Hisato , Toi Takeshi
Published: September 2021

In our daily lives, we often use onomatopoeia to convey images of products. However, the correspondence between onomatopoeia and physical quantities is not clear. To apply onomatopoeia to product design, we focused on the relationship between the sound symbolism of onomatopoeia and
product sound quality. The target of the evaluation was the operation sound of the rotary switch. A subjective evaluation experiment was conducted in which participants were asked to free answer to the impressions associated with the operation sounds using onomatopoeic expressions. The obtained
onomatopoeia was then analyzed by quantitative text analysis using mora as the unit of analysis. The results showed the voiced consonants appeared more frequently in the louder operation sounds. In addition, the vowel /o/ appeared more frequently in sounds with low sharpness, and the vowel
/i/ appeared more frequently in sounds with high sharpness. Since these trends are similar to other studies on sound symbolism, this study shows the possibility of using onomatopoeia in product design by utilizing sound symbolism.
Neighbour noise in multi-storey housing - Annoyance and potential health effects
Authors: Rasmussen Birgit , Ekholm Ola
Published: September 2021

Neighbour and traffic noise annoyance questions have been included in the Danish Health and Morbidity Surveys since year 2000. Noise annoyance was assessed by asking the respondents about noise annoyance from neighbours and traffic, respectively, in their home during the past two weeks.
For people in multi-storey housing, neighbour noise annoyance was significantly higher than annoyance from traffic. The latest survey was performed in 2017; 3893 respondents living in multi-storey houses completed the self-administered questionnaire, 36% reported being very/slightly bothered
by neighbour noise and 22% by traffic noise. Additional studies were carried out aiming at analyzing associations between neighbour noise annoyance and physical/mental health symptoms such as pain in various body parts, headache, fatigue, depression and anxiety and furthermore with getting
enough sleep to feel rested. Noise annoyance from neighbours was strongly associated with all these health/sleep outcomes. Similar associations were observed for traffic noise. Although causality cannot be established in this cross-sectional study, it is concluded that neighbour noise annoyance
is strongly associated with various physical/mental health symptoms and with not getting enough sleep to feel rested. The results highlight that health effects of neighbour noise might be as serious as for traffic noise and should have more attention.
Noise prediction for urban air taxi operation
Authors: Koehler Mark , Baader Frank , Brandstätt Peter
Published: September 2021

Solutions to escape crowded streets are increasingly taking up new forms of mobility. This also includes air taxis or VTOLs. In addition to passenger traffic, suggestions, such as parcel delivery by drones, are also regularly part of future visions. Air taxis pose additional safety
requirements due to the transport of people and they also represent a major potential source of noise. A challenge that urban planners, pollution control officers and decision-makers have to face. Using the concrete example of an urban landing place for air taxis at the main train station
in the city of Ingolstadt, possible problems, issues related to noise protection and their legal basis were examined. This presentation is a summary of the projects results. The examinations include the creation of noise mapping in order to simulate the impact to the already existing noise
situation. Those were based on current flight noise regulations with necessary alterations regarding VTOLs. Because air taxi noise is expected to be more annoying than regular traffic noise, the possible application of flight noise indexes such as the "Frankfurt flight noise index FFI
2.0" shall be reviewed. Based on the results of the previous examinations, possible noise protection measures shall be developed.
Optimizing the acoustic properties of a meta-material using machine learning techniques
Authors: Casaburo Alessandro , Magliacano Dario , Petrone Giuseppe , Franco Francesco , De Rosa Sergio
Published: September 2021

The scope of this work is to consolidate research dealing with vibroacoustics of periodic media. This investigation aims at developing and validating tools for the design of global vibroacoustic treatments based on foam cores with embedded periodic patterns, which allow passive control
of acoustic paths in layered concepts. Firstly, a numerical test campaign is carried out by considering some solid (but still non-perfectly rigid) inclusions in a 3D-modeled porous structure; this causes the excitation of additional acoustic modes due to the periodic nature of the meta-core
itself. Then, some design guidelines are provided in order to predict several possible sets of characteristic parameters (i.e. inclusion geometry, elastic and foam properties) that, constrained by the imposition of mass and thickness of the acoustic package, may satisfy the target functions
(i.e. the frequency at which the first Transmission Loss peak appears, together with its amplitude). Results are obtained through the implementation of machine learning algorithms, which may constitute a good basis in order to perform preliminary design considerations that could be interesting
for further generalizations.
An initiation to revive the unique sound of Indonesian cities
Authors: Mediastika Christina E. , Sudarsono Anugrah S. , Utami Sentagi S. , Fitri Isnen , Drastiani Rizka , Winandari M.I. Ririk , Rahman Akbar , Kusno Asniawaty , Mustika N.W. Meidayanti , Mberu Yuliana B.
Published: September 2021

As a large country with thousands of ethnic groups and cultures, it is hoped that every city in Indonesia will have its uniqueness. However, preliminary data collected from 10 major cities in Indonesia shows no uniqueness. The most visited public places in these cities, i.e. parks and
squares, which are generally associated with natural sounds, are dominated by human and traffic noise. Surprisingly, a noisy acoustic environment is not considered a nuisance. The study reported here looks for reasons why people ignore the noise. An online questionnaire developed using a 5-point
Likert scale was distributed to collect data due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Five hundred and ninety-five respondents participated in the survey. ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis test were run to identify differences between soundscape dimensions and differences in soundscape attribute ratings, respectively.
The data shows that Indonesians visit public places for communal or social activities, which are triggered by the attractiveness of the places and the types of activities they can participate in. It is the reason why noise is not considered a nuisance. Pleasantness and eventfulness are the
two dominant soundscape dimensions found in this study. In the Indonesian context, pleasure correlates with events. Eventfulness is associated with the number of people and their activities in public places. However, in most of the cities surveyed, eventfulness scores were low when they were
unable to engage in the events held in public places. They visit public places based on the attractiveness of the place and the activities, and they feel comfortable in noisy public places when they can be involved in the activity. Once people become attached to communal activities in public
places, the pleasantness dimension also exists. Thus, two things need to be considered to improve the acoustic environment of cities in Indonesia. First is by reducing traffic noise to increase the dimensions of eventfulness by using attractive attractions in public places. Second is to investigate
the types of attractions that are of interest, if possible, is to restore local culture with its unique sound to build a unique city soundscape. In this study, participants identified the uniqueness of sounds in public places by using sounds that could not be classified as unique such as the
voice of and the music played by street vendors.
THE USE OF ICT IN IMPROVING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DIDACTICAL PROCESS
Authors: Plaskura Paweł
Published: September 2021

The article deals with the issue of monitoring the didactical process using the Quela didactical process management system. It uses the developed educational environment describing the didactical process by using differential equations. The equations are represented in the form of a network of connected elements describing the individual components of the didactical process. Process monitoring has been carried out by simulations of the above network. The description includes learning and forgetting phenomena. Examples of the application of developed techniques in real pedagogical situations are presented.
GRAPHIC DESIGN IN FUTURE LABOR EDUCATION TEACHER’S COMPUTER CULTURE FORMATION
Authors: Tytarenko V. , Cherniavsky T.
Published: September 2021

The article considers the issues of modern graphic design of Ukraine from the perspectives of national orientation. The development of graphic design in Ukraine and the influence of regional factors on the peculiarities of its formation are highlighted. The absence of a general model of Ukrainian graphic design and the possibility of its development prospects is proved. The experience of introduction of graphic design in the process of future teachers’ computer culture formation is described. The role of graphic design tools in the formation of future labor education teacher’s computer culture is clarified. The basic principles of graphic design and its features as a tool of future labor education teacher’s professional activity are outlined. The peculiarities of computer culture formation using graphic design are substantiated. The means of graphic design, which form the future labor education teacher’s computer culture, are analyzed.

The concept of graphic activity is considered as a component of design and emphasis is placed on the importance of such activity while making design. The current stage of future labor education teacher’s computer culture formation using graphic design is characterized. The role of computer training and knowledge of the relevant software packages is considered. The place of computer competence within future labor education teacher’s general professional competence is determined. The means of graphic design which are used in the process of future labor education teacher’s computer competence formation are allocated, their features are revealed, their efficiency and advantages of application at various stages of training are defined. Basic knowledge, skills, and abilities in the field of future labor education teacher’s computer culture formation are systematized.
Discovery of Novel Proteomic Biomarkers for the Prediction of Kidney Recovery from Dialysis-Dependent AKI Patients
Authors: Daniels Jaclyn R. , Ma Jennie Z. , Cao Zhijun , Beger Richard D. , Sun Jinchun , Schnackenberg Laura , Pence Lisa , Choudhury Devasmita , Palevsky Paul M. , Portilla Didier , Yu Li-Rong
Published: September 2021

Key Points

High throughput proteomics detected serum protein levels in patients with AKI-D who recovered kidney function.

Novel predictive biomarkers of kidney recovery from patients with AKI-D were discovered.

Potential biologic pathways associated with kidney remodeling, repair, and regeneration were suggested.

Background

AKI requiring dialysis (AKI-D) is associated with prolonged hospitalization, mortality, and progressive CKD among survivors. Previous studies have examined only select urine or serum biomarkers for predicting kidney recovery from AKI.

Methods

Serum samples collected on day 8 of randomized RRT from 72 patients enrolled in the Veteran's Affairs/National Institutes of Health Acute Renal Failure Trial Network study were analyzed by the SOMAscan proteomic platform to profile 1305 proteins in each sample. Of these patients, 38 recovered kidney function and dialysis was discontinued, whereas another 34 patients remained on dialysis by day 28.

Results

Differential serum levels of 119 proteins, with 53 higher and 66 lower, were detected in samples from patients who discontinued dialysis, compared with patients who remained on dialysis by day 28. Patients were classified into tertiles on the basis of SOMAscan protein measurements for the 25 proteins most differentially expressed. The association of serum levels of each protein with kidney recovery was further evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Higher serum levels of CXCL11, CXCL2/CXCL3, CD86, Wnt-7a, BTK, c-Myc, TIMP-3, CCL5, ghrelin, PDGF-C, survivin, CA2, IL-9, EGF, and neuregulin-1, and lower levels of soluble CXCL16, IL1RL1, stanniocalcin-1, IL-6, and FGF23 when classified in tertiles were significantly associated with better kidney recovery. This significant association persisted for each of these proteins after adjusting for potential confounding risk factors including age, sex, cardiovascular SOFA score, congestive heart failure, diabetes, modality of intensive dialysis treatment, cause of AKI, baseline serum creatinine, day 8 urine volume, and estimated 60-day mortality risk.

Conclusions

These results suggest concerted changes between survival-related proteins and immune-regulatory chemokines in regulating angiogenesis, endothelial and epithelial remodeling, and kidney cell regeneration, illustrating potential mechanisms of kidney recovery. Thus, this study identifies potential novel predictive biomarkers of kidney recovery in patients with AKI-D.
The Role of Intersectoral Action in Response to COVID-19: A Qualitative Study of the Roles of Academia and the Private Sector in Colombia
Authors: Turner Simon , Ulloa Ana María , Niño Natalia , Valencia Godoy Vivian
Published: September 2021

Background: The integration of health services with other sectors is hypothesised to support adaptation of health systems in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study identified barriers and enablers associated with intersectoral coordination at an early stage of the pandemic. The study focused on the roles played by the academic and private sector in different areas of public health planning and delivery concerning COVID-19 in Colombia. Methods: A qualitative approach was used to understand stakeholders’ experiences and perceptions of intersectoral working in response to COVID-19 in three Colombian cities (Bogotá, Cali and Cartagena). Between March and November 2020, data was collected via semi-structured interviews conducted online with 42 key actors, including representatives of governmental bodies, universities, and professional associations. The dataset was analysed thematically using a combination of inductive and deductive methods. Results: Organizations adjacent to the health system, including universities and the private sector, supported responses to COVID-19 by providing evidence to inform decision-making, additional service capacity, and supporting coordination (eg, convening intersectoral "roundtables"). The academic and private sector involvement in intersectoral coordination was stimulated by solidarity (being the "right thing to do") and motivation for supporting local companies (reopening the economy). Intersectoral working was influenced by pre-existing (substantive) and emerging (situational) enablers and barriers. Conclusion: This study showed that intersectoral coordination has played an important role in responding to COVID-19 in Colombia. Coordination was influenced by substantive and situational enablers and barriers. Based on our findings, policy-makers should focus on addressing substantive barriers to coordination, including the pre-existing tensions and mistrust among national and local healthcare actors, strict regulations and limited financial and human resources, while providing support for situational enablers, including alignment of public and private actors’ interests, intersectoral government support and establishing frequent communication channels and formal spaces of interaction among sector, in processes of decision-making.
Aiming for Health Equity: The role of Public Health Policy and Primary Healthcare Comment on "Universal Health Coverage for Non-Communicable Diseases and Health Equity: Lessons From Australian Primary Healthcare"
Authors: Burström Bo
Published: September 2021

This commentary refers to the article by Fisher et al on lessons from Australian primary healthcare (PHC), which highlights the role of PHC to reduce non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and promote health equity. This commentary discusses important elements and features when aiming for health equity, including going beyond the healthcare system and focusing on the social determinants of health in public health policies, in PHC and in the healthcare system as a whole, to reduce NCDs. A wider biopsychosocial view on health is needed, recognizing the importance of social determinants of health, and inequalities in health. Public funding and universal access to care are important prerequisites, but regulation is needed to ensure equitable access in practice. An example of a PHC reform in Sweden indicates that introducing market solutions in a publicly funded PHC system may not benefit those with greater needs and may reduce the impact of PHC on population health.
Lacking Clarity or Strategic Ambiguity? Comment on "Competing Frames in Global Health Governance: An Analysis of Stakeholder Influence on the Political Declaration on Non-Communicable Diseases"
Authors: Carriedo Angela , Lauber Kathrin , Miller Margaret M. , Ralston Rob
Published: September 2021

This commentary engages with Suzuki and colleagues’ analysis about the ambiguity of multi-stakeholder discourses in the United Nations (UN) Political Declaration of the 3rd High-Level Meeting of the General Assembly on the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases (HLM-NCDs), suggesting that blurring between public and private sector in this declaration reflects broader debates about multi-stakeholder partnerships (MSPs) and public-private partnerships (PPPs) in health governance. We argue that the ambiguity between the roles and responsibilities of public and private actors involved may downplay the role (and regulation) of conflicts of interest (COI) between unhealthy commodity industries and public health. We argue that this ambiguity is not simply an artefact of the Political Declaration process, but a feature of multi-stakeholderism, which assumes that commercial actors´ interests can be aligned with the public interest. To safeguard global health governance, we recommend further empirical and conceptual research on COI and how it can be managed.
Brazilian Survey on Preventive Actions for the Population With Access to Primary Healthcare: Inefficient Spending in a Country in Economic Crisis
Authors: Chueiri Patrícia Sampaio , Gonçalves Marcelo Rodrigues , Hauser Lisiane , Mengue Sotero , Agostinho Milena , Roman Rudi , Wollmann Lucas , Dilda Anna , da Silva Rodrigo Aquino Martins , Harzheim Erno
Published: September 2021

Background: Cancer ranks second as a cause of death in Brazil. Although preventive practices are part of the daily routine of primary healthcare (PHC) teams, organized screening programs are lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the adequacy of preventive interventions in the main cancer types, as defined by the Brazilian government. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from a larger project conducted in 2016 with PHC service users and physicians from all over Brazil, interviewed by trained research staff. The sample was stratified by the number of PHC physicians per geographic region, who were eligible for inclusion if they had been working in the same PHC unit for at least one year. Twelve adult patients with at least two encounters were included per participating physician. Only the data from service users were analyzed in this study. We evaluated the questions about preventive practices and calculated the following indicators: coverage, focus, screening errors, and screening ratio. National guidelines and international evidence were used as a comparison parameter. Results: The study population consisted of 6160 service users. The data indicate that the recommendations for cervical, breast, and prostate cancer screening and for treatment of tobacco dependence are not adequately followed. Coverage for breast and cervical cancer screening presented an overutilization bias, with rates 50% and 9% above the expected, respectively. The screening focus was also inadequate: 24%, 47%, and 54% of the screening tests for the three cancer types were performed in individuals outside the recommended age range. 31% of smokers were not approached for treatment. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the Brazilian population has been subjected to inadequate and potentially iatrogenic interventions in PHC. New policies based on stricter criteria of adequacy and increased use of the concept of quaternary prevention may improve the effectiveness and equity of the health system.
Ranking the acute poisoning etiologies in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Derhami Saeedeh , Bolvardi Ehsan , Akhavan Reza , Foroughian Mahdi , Shahi Behzad , Hakemi Arman , Rahmanian Zhila , Abiri Samaneh
Published: September 2021

Objective: Acute poisoning is a major health problem and one of the most common causes of emergency visits worldwide. Since most poisoning subjects present with a decreased level of consciousness and due to unreliable disease history, recognizing the etiological cause of the poisoning represents a critical part in arranging the treatment strategy. This study aimed at examining the prevalence of etiological causes of poisoning in Iran in a systematic review and meta-analysis. Method: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the cross-sectional studies published from 1990 to 2020, reporting specific poisoning agents among acute poisoning cases in Iran. Persian and English articles on this subject were collected by searching the Scientific Information Database (SID), ScienceDirect, PubMed, Medlib, IranMedex, Scopus, Magiran, and Google Scholar databases. The heterogeneity of the studies was investigated using the I2 index and the probability of bias in the publication was assessed by the Begg and Mazumdar test with a significance level of 0.1. Data analysis was performed by Comprehensive Meta-analysis software version 3 (Biostat, Englewood, NJ, USA). Results: In our review, 19 studies appraising 143,251 cases of poisoning were included. The ranking of the OR of each agent was done; Opium poisoning was the most prevalent poisoning case followed by benzodiazepine, acetaminophen, antipsychotic medications, organophosphates, aluminum phosphide, amphetamine, pesticide, tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), alcohol, chemicals, carbon monoxide (CO), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Conclusion: While proper judgment on the cause of poisoning and selection of suitable treatment manners could be followed by a very good prognosis in patients with acute poisoning; this demands an epidemiological perception of the prevalence of the etiological poisoning agents. Our study ranked the most likely agents leading to the poisoning, to be at the top of the list of differential diagnoses of physicians.
Oral ingestion of lidocaine for suicide: A case report
Authors: Adimolmasali Maryam , Teimouri Ali , Mokhtari Hamid Reza , Foroughian Mahdi , Zohoorian Sadr Parvin , Kamaloddini Mohammad Hossien
Published: September 2021

Objective: Systemic toxemia with topical anesthetics could be fatal due to the use of anesthetics in various ways (oral, intravenous, intramuscular, or subcutaneous). Nowadays, topical anesthetics are used in inpatient and outpatient treatments. Despite its widespread usage, many physicians are not fully aware of the deadly side effects of lidocaine poisoning and its treatment. The objective of this case report is to highlight the diagnosis and treatment of lidocaine toxicity. Case Presentation: A 21-year-old woman with a history of multiple suicide attempts ingested approximately three 10% w/w lidocaine sprays. The patient was brought to the emergency department of Imam Reza hospital of Mashhad University of Medical Science with cardiac arrest and respiratory failure. After successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), she was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). She stayed in ICU for 2 days and we administered dobutamine drip and intravenous lipid emulsion for her then she was transferred to the general ward. We discharged her after 8 days. Conclusion: Using BCLS and ACLS in case of cardiac arrest and administration of Lipid Emulsion with proper dosage are recommended treatments for lidocaine toxicity.
Exploring nurses’ knowledge of basic life support guideline of American Heart Association: a local study
Authors: Asadi Payman , Zia Ziabari Seyyed Mahdi , Monsef-Kasmaei Vahid
Published: September 2021

Objective: Awareness of the changes concerning the clinical guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is essential for nurses. This study aimed at assessing the nurses’ knowledge of the 2015 American Heart Association basic life support guideline algorithm. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the knowledge of 183 nurses working in emergency departments, intensive care unit (ICU) and coronary care unit (CCU) regarding the 2015 American Heart Association basic life support guideline algorithm was investigated. Data were collected by a 20-item questionnaire regarding the knowledge needed for resuscitation operations as well as the identification of the early stages of cardiac arrest. Nurses with a score of 10 and less were put in the poor group, 11-15 in the fair group, and score of more than 15 in the good group. Results: Results showed that the highest percentage of the right answer was observed in questions 20 (98.4%), 11 (93.4%), and 1 (88%), while the lowest percentage of the correct answer was found in questions 13 (30.6%), 2 (31.1%), and 3 (32.8%). Mean ± SD of knowledge score was 12.3±2.2. A statistically significant difference was observed between knowledge of ICU nurses with an experience of basic life support educational course and those with no experience of such education. The knowledge score of educated and non-educated nurses was 11.5±2.2 and 13.2±2.5, respectively. Conclusion: This study indicated that ICU nurses do not have enough knowledge about basic life support of the 2015 American Heart Association guideline. Development of knowledge is one of the important components of professional expansion in nursing education programs.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome due to COVID-19
Authors: Al-Kaisy Maythem Abdulhassan
Published: September 2021

Objective: During the late 2019, a group of patients had unexplained chest infections in Wuhan which turned out to be the new pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). New neurological symptoms have been reported in COVID-19 patients. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a new neurological finding and is associated or caused by COVID-19. Case Presentation: A 32-year-old lady, with no medical background had COVID-19 infection and needed mechanical ventilation. After surviving the intensive care, she started to have multiple seizures that required general anesthesia to be aborted. The patient turned out to have PRES. Conclusion: PRES is a neurological syndrome causing seizures, headaches, and blurred vision. It is usually associated with high blood pressure, renal failure, and other risk factors. The patient in this case had nearly normal blood pressure, but still had a diagnosis of PRES. The new reported neurological symptoms associated with COVID-19 infection need further research and attention from the academic society to predict and prevent the morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 patients.
The predictability of mean platelet volume as a biomarker of pyelonephritis among pediatrics with urinary tract infection
Authors: Razavi Mohammad Reza , Eshagh Hossaini Kamal , Bayatani Neda , Akhavan Sepahi Mohsen , Arsang-Jang Shahram
Published: September 2021

Introduction: Delayed diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis and its differentiation from cystitis can lead to irreversible complications in renal tissue, hypertension and even renal failure. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of platelet volume in acute pyelonephritis. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 children with febrile acute urinary tract infection (UTI) referred to our educational hospital in Qom, Iran. Individuals with inclusion criteria were examined for mean platelet volume (MPV), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell (WBC) and platelet counts. Additionally, Tc 99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid scan (DMSA scan) was used as the gold standard for differentiation of cystitis from acute pyelonephritis. Urine culture was also used to confirm diagnosis of UTI. Results: The mean age of the participants was two years with a range of two months to 13 years. The MPV (P=0.001), CRP (P=0.001), ESR (P=0.001), platelet (P=0.013) and WBC count (P=0.001) were significantly higher in the pyelonephritis group compared to cystitis group. We showed that MPV has similar potency in differentiating pyelonephritis from cystitis compared to other inflammatory markers; however CRP was more accurate than other markers. The cut-off point for MPV was estimated 7.8 fl, with sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 92.7%, and positive predictive value of 92.6%. Conclusion: The high level of ESR is a risk factor to develop pyelonephritis. MPV as an inflammatory marker is similar to that of other inflammatory markers in segregating pyelonephritis in children, although further studies are needed to confirm the results of this study.
f-Biharmonic Curves in the Three-dimensional Para-Sasakian Space Forms
Authors: Altunbaş Murat
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we give some characterizations for proper f-biharmonic curves in the para-Bianchi-Cartan-Vranceanu space forms with 3-dimensional para-Sasakian structures.
Comparative Assessment of Three Toothpastes and Prophylactic Polishing Paste as A Method of Iron Stain Removal in Primary Teeth: An in-Vitro Study
Authors: Patil Dr. Devendra , Nanavati Dr. Komal , Yadav Dr. Monica , Deshpande Dr. Shantanu , Kamble Dr. Aishwarya , Katge Dr. Farhin
Published: September 2021

Aim: To compare and assess the efficacy of three toothpastes compared to prophylactic polishing paste as iron stain removal method in extracted primary teeth.
Method: Sixty extracted primary anterior teeth were decoronated at cementoenamel junction, followed by filling the pulp chamber with flowable composite. The teeth were then immersed in ferrous sulphate solution and digital images were obtained. The teeth were subjected to electric tooth brushing using Colgate® Visible White (Group A), Himalaya® Sparkling White (Group B) and Biomed ® Superwhite (Group C) toothpastes. Prophylactic polishing paste (Group D) was used as control for stain removal. Post-intervention digital images were obtained and color parameter differences (L*, a*, b *, hue, chroma and ΔE) were evaluated using image color summarizer software. The data was then statistically analysed using one way ANOVA test. Intergroup analysis was done using bon ferroni multiple comparison test.
Results: Significant differences in L* and b* colour parameters were obtained for Group A, B and D (p < 0.05); however, a* parameter did not show a significant change in values for any group. A significant difference was observed in terms of chroma in groups A, C and D. No significant difference was observed in hue parameter values for all four groups. Intergroup comparison of ΔE revealed significant differences between groups D (p < 0.05) and group A, B and C respectively.
THE SOVEREIGN GREEN BONDS MARKET IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: ANALYSIS AND GOOD PRACTICES
Authors: Dencheva Tsonkova Vanya
Published: September 2021

In a world facing the growing problems of climate change and social differentiation, the so-called ―sustainable finance‖ increases its importance and popularity. The object of this field of study is the transfer of capital flows to projects with clearly defined environmental and social benefits. Key instruments are Green bonds, Social bonds and Sustainability bonds. The article is dedicated to green bonds, focusing on sovereign issues. It is widely known that the green bond market begins its development with the so-called ―supranational‖ issues – the bonds of the international financial institutions – the European Investment Bank in 2007 and the World Bank in 2008, for financing renewable energy projects. The real boom in the market starts in 2014 when new issues reach nearly $ 40 billion – four times more than in 2013. Exponential growth continues in the coming years, reaching $ 155 billion in 2017. Sovereign green bonds make a relatively late debut on the market – in the end of 2016, in a member state of the European Union – Poland. However, in 2018 government issues have already had a significant appearance on the market and are a strong signal of the state's commitment to environmental problems. The article analyzes the state of the European market in the context of the global market for sovereign green bonds. Review of international regulations and adopted standards, as well as of the legislative changes within the European Union related to sustainable financing, are made. The other focus is on the particularities in the methodology for issuing Climate Financial Instruments. The good practices for issuing sovereign green bonds in the European Union are also being considered and an attempt to outline the challenges to market development is made. The basis of the analysis is the sovereign bonds, issued from Poland, France, Belgium, Ireland and Lithuania.
QUALITY FORMATION FACTORS IN ECONOMIC AND HEALTHY FIELDS - REVIEW AND COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Mineva Darina
Published: September 2021

This publication aims to define the driving forces for the formation of quality knowledge and their practical role in the business and healthcare system, which is important for each manager in terms of quality development and quality management. Documentary and historical methods have been explored over many scientific publications. Quality concepts have been explored to give an insight into the nature of both types of needs - the manufacturer and the consumer, and how they have been managed over time so they have "altered" the quality of products and services by creating new features. Quality concepts deliver the first and most important factor in shaping quality - the needs of entrepreneurship and consumers. In the business sphere, the factors influencing the quality are manifested through the "Integrated Quality Control System and are: policy, information, design and construction, materials, equipment, labor resources, maintenance. The factors determining the development of the quality of products / services in the economic and medical spheres can be classified into five groups: needs, economic factors, market, achievements of science and technology - new technologies, education - development, level of professional qualities, public relationships, level, person and social environment and governance. They have different influence and strength in each of the two spheres Among the factors for the development of quality there is dependence and mutual influence, arising from the relations in the society, based on the economic relations. Their core is built up by the two types of needs - those of the manufacturer and those of the user. By their very nature, they are antagonistic needs linked to different individual motives, which are the subject of a separate study. Combining and synchronizing individual and public interests is a factor in shaping the welfare state policy.
FOR THE NATURE AND FEATURES OF INNOVATION
Authors: Bichurova Iva
Published: September 2021

The paper highlights important and leading conceptual definitions and inherent features of the concept of "innovation". Categorization takes into account the importance of using the concept in social and economic sciences. Innovation is a collective concept in terms of reflecting the peculiarities of production and technological change. Innovation is often interpreted either as an activity or only as a final result Peter Drucker assumes that innovation is an integral part of the entrepreneurial process.I n this sense, the entrepreneur has to do something new or it does not make sense to enter the market. Innovation is a new way to do something, or it is the process by which "resources are given new abilities to make wealth." The narrow interpretation of innovation views it as a process of turning the invention into a commercially realized product. The broad interpretation assumes that innovation can take various forms - improving and improving existing technologies; the deployment of new products based on new technologies; new methods, markets, structures, organization, management, etc. The development of innovation is linked to the definition of generations of innovation. Several models of generations of innovations are presented, covering a different number of stages in the development and assessment of innovation. Innovation is a major driver, a major source of competitiveness and competitive advantages, a detailed literature-based fact that has not only a positive impact on business performance but is also essential to their survival. In practice, the value of any innovation hiding on its economic value.
¿Se puede pensar la Comuna como acontecimiento?
Authors: Riba Jordi
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se pretende exponer tres maneras como los hechos de la Comuna de Paris ha tenido efecto de acontecimiento en la obra teórica de tres autores: Guyau, Badiou y Abensour. Para Guyau, presente en los hechos, significó la transformación absoluta hacia un pensamiento post-fundacional y des-normativizado. Para Badiou, la Comuna, además de ser un acontecimiento por si misma, la constatación de una forma de filosofía basada en unos fundamentos ontológicos fruto de la transformación de la matemática en los últimos siglos. Y para Abensour es evidente que esta ausencia de fundamentos que la filosofía contemporánea sostiene se concreta en una manera de entender lo político y la política como una forma de vida en la que los humanos articulan convenciones permanentes y mutables de organización.
1871-2021: de París a Chiapas y Kurdistán
Authors: Chicolino Martin
Published: September 2021

El presente artículo se propone estudiar la vigencia práctica y la operatividad política que la forma-Comuna de organización sigue teniendo entre nosotrxs, hoy. Nos enfocaremos en dos movimientos auto-emancipatorios actuales y a la vez intempestivos: el zapatismo y los M.A.R.E.Z. (en México), y el Confederalismo Democrático y los cantones (en el Kurdistán). Se trata de dos movimientos colectivos que, según sostienen lxs propixs activistas implicadxs —y aquí nos guiaremos por los textos y materiales producidos desde ambos movimientos—, actualizan y renuevan deliberadamente a la ‘Comuna’ (y a su herencia histórica) como forma o modo de organización liberatorio e igualitario, despatriarcal y descolonial, irrumpiendo como una ‘tercera vía’ en medio de nuestras sociedades patriarcales estatales y capitalistas, atravesadas por todo tipo de divisiones verticales, disimétricas, jerárquicas, andromórficas y falocráticas. Comenzaremos definiendo los rasgos más fundamentales de la novedad que implicaba la Comuna de París en el siglo XIX (no desde el punto de vista ‘ideológico’ sino desde el punto de vista del diagrama de organización de las relaciones de poder). Luego, veremos el problema de la ‘comuna’ como devenir-minoritario, planteando que la forma-Comuna produce una subjetivación humana diferencial con respecto a la subjetivación estatal. A continuación, estudiaremos el problema del ‘doble combate’ (interior y exterior) mostrando cómo la lucha de las mujeres fue el mayor vector de fuga auto-emancipatoria (contra los compañeros varones). Y finalmente, estudiaremos la consistencia an-orgánica de la forma-Comuna de organización (contra la idea del ‘Estado orgánico’), y enumeraremos sus rasgos diferenciales.