bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
13 Year Retrospective Analysis of Tumors Metastasizing to Bone
Authors: Erkılıç Gamze
Published: July 2024

ÖZET
Amaç: Kemik, onkolojik hastalarda primer tümörün metastazının sık görüldüğü bir dokudur. Çalışmamızda histopatolojik olarak kemik metastazı
saptanan hastaların klinik ve patolojik özelliklerini, sağ kalım durumlarını değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Gereçler ve Yöntem: Patoloji anabilim dalımızda 2010-2023 yılları arasında kemikte metastatik tümör tanısı alan 107 hastaya ait materyallerin
hematoksilen-eozin ve immünohistokimyasal boyalı preparatları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet, sağ kalım, klinik
sonuçları hastane kayıtlarından elde edildi. Primer odak, tümörün lokalizasyonu, tümörün histopatolojik özellikleri, hastaların sağ kalım durumu
retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: 107 hastanın yaşları 36 ile 84 arasında değişmekte olup; 61’i erkek, 46’ sı kadındı. Kemiğe en sık metastaz yapan tümör akciğer malignitesi
(%32.7; n=35) olup onu meme malignitesinin (%22.4; n=24) takip ettiği izlendi. Hastaların % 35.5’inin (n=38)ilk tanısını metastaz ile aldığı tespit
edildi. En çok femur kemiğine (%65.4) metastaz izlendi. Beş yıllık sağ kalım analizinde tükrük bezinin adenoid kistik karsinomunun metastazında
sağkalımın en kısa (12 ay) olduğu, kolorektal, prostat ve tiroid tümörlerinde en uzun (60 ay) olduğu görüldü.
Sonuç: Kemikte en sık metastazın femurda görüldüğünü ve nadiren atipik bölgelerde de metastaz olabileceği, metastazın en sık adenokarsinom
morfolojisinde olmakla birlikte karsinosarkom gibi farklı bir morfolojide de olabileceği saptandı. Hastaların bir kısmının ilk tanısını metastaz
ile aldığı ve nadiren primer odağın belirlenemediği gözlendi. Tümör içeren kemik materyalleri değerlendirilirken, metastazların çok çeşitli
lokalizasyon ve morfoloji ile karşımıza çıkabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kemik, metastaz, histopatoloji, malign tümör
Correlation Between BRAFV600E Positivity and Recurrence and Poor Prognosis in Preoperative Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Alkan Selman
Published: July 2024

ÖZET
Amaç: Tiroid maligniteleri epitelyal ve non-epitelyal olmak üzere iki ana gruptan oluşmaktadır. Epitelyal olanlar; papiller, folliküler ve anaplastik
karsinomlardır. Non-epitelyal olan ise medüller karsinomlardır. Papiller tiroid kanseri (PTK) tüm tiroid maligniteleri içerisinde %80'lik bir kısmı
oluşturmaktadır ve bu maligniteler içerisinde tedaviye en iyi yanıt alınanlardan birisidir. Papiller tiroid kanseri gelişiminde tümörogenezisin
moleküler genetiğinde A-Raf, B-Raf (BRAFV600E) ve C-Raf olmak üzere 3 farklı Raf kinaz mevcuttur. Çalışmamızda papiller tiroid kanserlerinde cerrahi
sonrası oluşan nükslerde BRAFV600E pozitifliğinin nüks açısından prognostik faktörlerle ilişkisini ortaya koymayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Papiller tiroid kanseri nedeni ile daha önce ameliyat edilmiş ve nüks gelişmiş olan hastaların ameliyat öncesi yapılan ince iğne
aspirasyon biyopsi preparatları temin edildi. Bu preparatlar üzerinden kanserli bölge işaretlendi ve işaretli alanlardaki hücrelerden DNA izole
edildi. İzole edilen DNA üzerinde pyrosequence dizi analizi yöntemi ile BRAFV600E mutasyonu varlığı araştırıldı. Hastaların papiller tiroid kanserinde
nüks açısından diğer prognostik kriterleri de kayıt altına alınarak BRAFV600E mutasyonu ile ilişkileri istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Papiller tiroid kanserlerinde nüks nedeni ile ameliyat edilen hastalarda tüm çalışma grubunda BRAFV600E pozitifliği oranı %70,8 olarak
bulunmuştur. Ayrıca kapsül invazyonu, yumuşak doku invazyonu, evresi, nüks zamanı ve lenf nodu metastazı ile BRAFV600E mutasyonu arasında
pozitif korelasyon gösterilmiştir.
Sonuç: BRAFV600E mutasyonu ile papiller tiroid kanserlerindeki bazı kötü prognostik kriterler arasında pozitif ilişki gösterilmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Tiroid, İnce iğne biyopsi, Papiller, Kötü Prognoz, BRAFV600E, Sitoloji
Evaluation of PD-1 / PD-L1 Expressions in Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Akkuş Çiğdem
Published: July 2024

ÖZET
Amaç: Programlanmış ölüm 1 (PD-1) / PD-ligandı (PDL) yolu, T hücresi aracılı immün yanıtlarının düzenlenmesi için önemli bir kontrol noktasıdır.
Kanserler ne yazık ki PD-1/ PD-L1 yolunun immünsüpresif etkilerinden de yararlanmaktadır. Yaygın Büyük B Hücreli Lenfoma ( YBBHL) ve Kronik
Lenfositer Lösemi (KLL)'de PD-1/ PD-L1’in önemi ile ilgili yeterli kanıt yoktur. Çalışmamızda YBBHL ve KLL’de PD-1/ PD-L1 ekspresyonun varlığını
ve prognostik önemini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık.
Gereçler ve Yöntem: Hematoloji Kliniğinde Ocak 2010 ile Eylül 2018 tarihleri arasında takip edilen 18-80 yaş arası 26 YBBHL hastası ve 27 KLL
hastası çalışmaya dahil edildi. İmmunhistokimyasal boyama için Tıbbi Patoloji Anabilim Dalı arşivinde bulunan hastalara ait parafin blokları
kullanıldı. YBBHL hastalarının lenf bezi biyopsi materyalleri ve KLL hastalarının kemik iliği biyopsi materyalleri değerlendirildi. PD-1 neoplastik
olmayan dokularda boyandı ve PD-L1 neoplastik hücrelerde boyandı. Boyanma yüzdesi %5'in üzerinde olanlar pozitif kabul edildi.
Bulgular: PD-1; YBBHL olgularının %65,4’ünde (n=17) pozitif, KLL olgularının %14,8’inde (n=4) pozitif saptandı. PD-L1; YBBHL olgularının
%69,2’sinde (n=18) pozitif, KLL olgularının PD-L1 %3,7’sinde (n=1) pozitif saptandı. PD-1 ve PD-L1 ekspresyon ve boyanma sıklığı istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı şekilde YBBHL’da daha yüksek bulundu (p=<0.001). PD-L1’de YBBHL tanılı olgularda evreler arasında ekspresyon açısında anlamlı
fark bulundu (P=0,004).
Sonuç: Çalışmamızda YBBHL’de literatürden daha yüksek oranda PD-1/ PD-L1 ekspresyonu tespit edildi. KLL’de diğer çalışmalara göre daha düşük
oranda PD-1/PD-L1ekspresyonu saptandı. PD-1/ PD-L1 ekspresyonun YBBHL’de KLL’den daha fazla olduğu gösterildi.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaygın Büyük B Hücreli Lenfoma, Kronik Lenfositer Lösemi, PD-1, PD-L1.
Reactive Lymphocytosis Mimicking Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in A Patient with DRESS Syndrome
Authors: Merter Mustafa
Published: July 2024

no abstract in this type of article
MEKANISME BONUS DAN TUNNELING INCENTIVE TERHADAP PRAKTIK TRANSFER PRICING EFEK MODERASI TAX AVOIDANCE
Authors: Nuraisah Nuraisah , Amanda Reydina Pasya , Rambe Salsabila , Batubara Maryam
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh mekanisme bonus dan tunneling incentive terhadap praktik transfer pricing dengan pengungkapan tax avoidance sebagai moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel perusahaan IDX Growth 30 pada tahun 2017-2022. Metode penelitian ini adalah sampling jenuh, dan diperoleh 30 perusahaan yang dijadikan sampel penelitian dengan pengamatan selama 6 (enam) tahun, sehingga total data observasi adalah sebanyak 180 perusahaan.  Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisi statistic deskriptif dan analisis regresi data panel . Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa mekanisme bonus berpengaruh negatif terhadap praktik transfer pricing, tunneling incentive tidak berpengaruh terhadap praktik transfer pricing sedangkan mekanisme bonus dan tunneling incentive secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap praktik transfer pricing. Tax avoidance mampu memoderasi mekanisme bonus dan tunneling incentive terhadap praktik transfer pricing.
Assessment of life cycle cost of municipal roads projects: A case study from Palestine
Authors: Al-Makharzah Mais ,   Civil and Architectural Engineering Department, An-Najah National University Nablus, P.O. Box: 7, Palestine, Eisheh Sameer , Issa Amjad ,   Civil and Architectural Engineering Department, An-Najah National University Nablus, P.O. Box: 7, Palestine,   Civil and Architectural Engineering Department, An-Najah National University Nablus, P.O. Box: 7, Palestine
Published: July 2024

The development of urban areas in Palestine is usually linked with the implementation of municipal road projects. The assessment of life cycle costs for municipal roads is presented in this research. This paper aims to highlight the main factors and their impact on the cost overrun during the different life cycle phases of road projects and therefore proposes recommendations that aim at reducing the differences between the estimated and actual costs. A study was conducted across twenty-six municipalities in the various regions of the West Bank. Over the study period of 2016 to 2018, there were 123 implemented road projects within these municipalities, where sixty-three of these projects surpassed their initial cost estimates and encountered cost overrun by an average of 26.9%. Among these, forty-seven projects were deemed suitable for research based on the assessment of the filled questionnaires by these municipalities. The main factors leading to cost overruns include challenging terrain, lack of specialized engineering offices for design and tender preparation, the timing of the tender release, awarding projects solely based on the lowest bids, changes during implementation, and financial constraints. Project cost measures that rely on professional management practices need to be considered in the planning designing, tendering, and implementing phases.
The method of linear-logical operators and logical equations in information extraction tasks
Authors: Kozyriev Andrii , Shubin Ihor
Published: July 2024

Relational and logical methods of knowledge representation play a key role in creating a mathematical basis for information systems. Predicate algebra and predicate operators are among the most effective tools for describing information in detail. These tools make it easy to formulate formalized information, create database queries, and simulate human activity. In the context of the new need for reliable and efficient data selection, a problem arises in deeper analysis. Subject of the study is the theory of quantum linear equations based on the algebra of linear predicate operations, the formal apparatus of linear logic operators and methods for solving logical equations in information extraction tasks. Aim of the study is a developing of a method for using linear logic operators and logical equations to extract information. This approach can significantly optimize the process of extracting the necessary information, even in huge databases. Main tasks: analysis of existing approaches to information extraction; consideration of the theory of linear logic operators; study of methods for reducing logic to an algebraic form; analysis of logical spaces and the algebra of finite predicate actions and the theory of linear logic operators. The research methods involve a systematic analysis of the mathematical structure of the algebra of finite predicates and predicate functions to identify the key elements that affect the query formation process. The method of using linear logic operators and logical equations for information extraction is proposed. The results of the study showed that the method of using linear logic operators and logical equations is a universal and adaptive tool for working with algebraic data structures. It can be applied in a wide range of information extraction tasks and prove its value as one of the possible methods of information processing. Conclusion. The paper investigates formal methods of intelligent systems, in particular, ways of representing knowledge in accordance with the peculiarities of the field of application and the language that allows encoding this knowledge for storage in computer memory. The proposed method can be implemented in the development of language interfaces for automated information access systems, in search engine algorithms, for logical analysis of information in databases and expert systems, as well as in performing tasks related to object recognition and classification.
HARMONISASI KONSEP PENDIDIKAN MUHAMMAD ATHIYAH AL-ABRASI DAN HADITS MAKARIM AL-AKHLAQ DALAM KONTEKS PENDIDIKAN ISLAM MODERN: ANALISIS RELEVANSI DAN IMPLEMENTASI
Authors: Lbs Freddy Hermansyah , Srg Syahruddin
Published: July 2024

This research aims to evaluate the relevance of the concept of Moral Education according to Muhammad Athiyah Al-Abrasi and the hadith about makarim al-akhlak in the context of Islamic education to date. By using library research methods and data collection techniques through documentation, this research draws data from literature that is considered still relevant to the research theme. The research results show that the concept of Moral Education taught by Al-Abrasi and the principles contained in the hadith regarding makarim al-akhlak still have strong relevance in the world of Islamic Education in the modern era.
Profil Status Gizi Remaja Putri di SMK Baitul Hikmah Jember Menggunakan Indeks Masa Tubuh
Authors: Anggraeni Ernawati , Handayani Yuni , Puspita Sari Melati , Handayani Ririn
Published: July 2024

latar belakang: Status gizi adalah suatu ukuran terhadap kondisi sesorang yang dapat di dinilai secara langsung dengan antropometri, klinis, biokimia dan biofisik. Antropometri merupakan salah satu yang sering digunakan yaitu menggunakan para meter berat badan dan tinggi badan (Arifianti et al. 2023). Periode terjadi puncak pertumbuhan pada remaja, yang terjadi banyak perubahan secara cepat seperti perubahan fisik, kognitif dan psiko-sosial atau tingkah laku (Pangow, Bodhi, and Budiarso 2020). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui status gizi pada remaja di SMK Baitul Hikmah Jember. Desain pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif, dengan pendekatan secara cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu seluruh remaja puteri di kelas X di SMK Baitul Hikmah Jember berjumalah 79 remaja putri dengan teknik pengambilan sampel total sampel responden. Alat pengumpulan data dengan mengukur status gizi melalui BB dan TB. Analisis data menggunakan uji distribusi frekuensi dengan pengolahan data SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Status gizi responden dalam kategori normal sebanyak 43 responden (54%), responden dalam kategori Kurus sebanyak 6 responden (8%), kategori Sangat Kurus sebanyak 30 responden (38%).Kesimpulan bahwa Status gizi pada remaja puteri di SMK Baitul Hikmah Kabupaten Jember sebagian besar masuk dalam kategori normal sebanyak 43 (54%).
Analisis Ketahanan Hidup 5 Tahun Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) Berdasarkan Faktor Demografi dan Klinis di Kabupaten Blitar
Authors: Sidjabat Forman Novrindo , Ernawati Albida Rifa , Ningrum Bintang Purba , Istiqomah Inti Ilmatul , Dhana Moch. Damarjati Widya , Pamintarso Nataly Valerina
Published: July 2024

Mengakhiri kematian akibat AIDS merupakan salah satu tujuan dari penanganan epidemi HIV/AIDS, hal ini tertulis pada target SDGs ke tiga dan target getting to zero kedua yaitu zero death related cause by AIDS pada tahun 2030. Namun, UNAIDS memproyeksikan kematian akibat AIDS akan mengalami peningkatan hingga tahun 2022 dari tahun 2010. Jawa Timur selalu menempati 5 besar provinsi dengan kasus kematian akibat AIDS terbanyak di Indonesia. Sementara, Kabupaten Blitar merupakan salah satu kabupaten dengan kasus infeksi HIV terbanyak di Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini akan menganalisis ketahanan hidup 5 tahun orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) berdasarkan faktor demografi dan klinis di RSUD Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Kabupaten Blitar. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama bulan Desember-Februari 2022 menggunakan rancangan studi kohort retrospektif dengan 156 pasien baru tahun 2016. Data dianalisis menggunakan Regresion Cox Proportional Hazard dan disajikan dalam bentuk grafik ketahanan hidup dan tabel. Median waktu ketahanan hidup ODHA di Kabupaten Blitar adalah 59 bulan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kematian HIV adalah tingkat pendidikan rendah (HR: 2,03, p: 0,009, CI95%: 1,6-3,7) dan jenis rejimen ARV lini kedua (HR: 2,6, p: 0,04, CI95%: 2,01-7,19). Tingkat pendidikan yang baik menunjukkan kemampuan menyerap informasi dengan baik dan jenis rejimen ARV lini pertama menunjukkan tingkat kepatuhan yang optimal atau penanganan efek samping yang optimal sehingga ODHA tidak berganti ke rejimen lini kedua. Maka diperlukan upaya edukasi pentingnya kepatuhan pengobatan, pemantauan kepatuhan pengobatan dan pemantauan serta penanganan efek samping yang cepat.
Lições da Experiência Internacional como suporte à Regulamentação Brasileira da Proteção de Dados Pessoais no Contexto da Segurança Pública e Persecução Penal
Authors: Acioly Luis Henrique de Menezes , Mendes Isabelle Brito Bezerra , Monteiro Neto João Araújo
Published: July 2024

O presente trabalho se propõe a analisar a estrutura legal brasileira de proteção de dados nocontexto da segurança pública e persecução penal, em perspectiva comparada a exemplos e padrões regulatórios internacionais, tomando como base os mecanismos legais em vigência junto à União Europeia e as práticas aplicadas pela Interpol. O principal objetivo do trabalho é avaliar criticamente o panorama legislativo brasileiro e examinar o espectro de compatibilidade com a regulação aplicada internacionalmente, notadamente no âmbito da União Europeia. Essas experiências se consolidam através do estabelecimento de obrigações administrativas de conformidade, seja através da utilização subsidiária de normas dispostas no Regulamento Geral de Proteção de Dados, seja mediante a consignação de parâmetros específicos às atividades de segurança pública e persecução penal. A presente pesquisa propõe três eixos de conformidade em quadro de governança nesse âmbito: eixo legal-regulatório, contendo medidas de estruturação legal; eixo organizacional, contendo medidas de gestão interna dos órgãos públicos; eixo de segurança, que contém medidas técnicas que protejam as operações realizadas contra incidentes. Consigna-se, ainda, o reconhecimento da necessidade de aplicação subsidiária da LGPD, como suporte ao compartilhamento de dados entre entes da segurançapública.
Intermediação da vigilância do Estado no Brasil e proteção de dados entre cooperação, litígios e constrição de agentes privados: histórico, fundamentos e regulação
Authors: De Souza Abreu Jacqueline
Published: July 2024

O artigo se debruça sobre o fenômeno da intermediação de atividades de vigilância do Estado no Brasil: a cooperação, na mais das vezes forçada, de agentes privados para acesso a dados pessoais interessantes à instrução de processos, investigações e políticas de segurança pública. Primeiro, reconta os primeiros grandes litígios de intermediários da vigilância do Estado no Brasil, de forma a ilustrar tanto a influência que tiveram para a demarcação da compreensão sobre privacidade quando foram forçados a colaborar, como para mostrar que debates atuais são uma versão contemporânea de discussões antigas. Segundo, com ênfase em questões postas pelo avanço tecnológico sobre o sigilo telemático, reflete-se sobre os deveres fiduciários que empresas acionadas como intermediárias de vigilância possuem junto a seus clientes e como a regulação de fluxos de dados entre essas empresas e o Estado é crucial para controle do poder corporativo e estatal, em respeito a direitos e expectativas de justiça. Terceiro, apontam-se os limites da regulação brasileira atual e o que precisa ser preservado tendo em vista o rápido avanço tecnológico.
First Record of Achalinus pingbianensis Li et al., 2020 (Serpentes: Xenodermidae) from Vietnam, with the First Description of a Female Specimen and an Expanded Diagnosis
Authors: Nguyen Tan Van , David Patrick
Published: July 2024

Achalinus pingbianensis Li, Yu, Wu, Liao, Tang, Liu et Guo, 2020, a species previously known only from a male collected in Yunnan Province (People’s Republic of China), is reported for the first time from Vietnam (Lao Cai Province) based on the re-examination of nine specimens deposited in the collections of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle which were formerly identified as Achalinus spinalis. Furthermore, we also provide the first description of a female specimen and an expanded diagnosis of the species. The short discussion of the identification and distribution of Achalinus spinalis and A. rufescens is provided.
On the Composition of the Type Series of the Blanford’s Rock Gecko, Bunopus blanfordii Strauch, 1887 (Reptilia: Sauria: Gekkonidae)
Authors: Ananjeva Natalia Borisovna , Milto K. D.
Published: July 2024

Composition of the type series of gecko Bunopus blanfordii Strauch, 1887 is clarified based on original description and type specimens stored in the Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg. We designate ZISP 18290 as a lectotype.
Neoliberalismo y sujetos del trabajo. Efectuaciones de sentido, subjetividad y luchas sociales
Authors: Avalle Gerardo , Ciuffolini María Alejandra
Published: July 2024

El modo de teorizar el mundo del trabajo y sus luchas en la actualidad constituye un tema central dentro de la teoría social, al igual que lo hacen los cambios y transformaciones globales. Realizamos una reflexión conceptual y metodológica basada en investigaciones previas sobre el tema, con el objetivo de delinear tanto una serie de líneas de problematización sobre este objeto de estudio como posibles dimensiones conceptuales para dar cuenta de sus límites, actores y tensiones.
Aproximaciones a la inteligencia artificial. Capacitación en escuelas secundarias públicas de Buenos Aires
Authors: Franco Verónica
Published: July 2024

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Minimally invasive methods of treatment of single recurrent metastases in the lymph nodes of the neck of highly differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Tovkai O. A. , Palamarchuk V. O. , Lishchynskyi P. O. , Stotska L. V. , Yatsiv A. R. , Vovk E. O.
Published: July 2024

Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common type of cancer, which accounts for about 80—85% of malignant tumors of this organ. In 20—30% of patients, a relapse of the disease is detected after treatment. Repeated surgical intervention increases the likelihood of complications. Minimally invasive techniques give the possibility of effective ablation of individual metastases of the neck less traumatically and with lower costs.
Objective — to evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive treatment methods of isolated recurrent metastases of highly differentiated thyroid cancer.
Materials and methods. The study involved 34 patients with recurrent metastases of papillary thyroid cancer in neck lymph nodes. Patients were allocated into two groups depending on the use of minimally invasive methods: 31 underwent percutaneous ethanol sclerotherapy, three patients underwent laser‑induced interstitial thermotherapy. All patients underwent volume treatment: thyroidectomy, central and lateral neck dissection, lymphadenectomy followed by radioiodine therapy. Patients had solitary altered lymph nodes, metastases size <1.5 cm3, at a safe distance from main vessels, trachea, or esophagus, high risk of postoperative complications, and/or refused repeated surgical intervention.
Results. Percutaneous ethanol sclerotherapy technique in 28 patients resulted in the decrease in thyroglobulin levels by 33.6% at average; antibodies to thyroglobulin by 15.3%, and remission of the disease, according to ultrasound results. In three patients, the growth of a metastatic lymph node with an increase in the level of thyroglobulin was noted, which indicates that the described method wasn’t sufficiently effective. The laser‑induced interstitial thermotherapy procedure was performed only in three patients, this small group does not allow conducting a reliable analysis of the treatment results. Positive clinical, laboratory and pathomorphological effect was obtained in all three cases.
Conclusions. Minimally invasive techniques have no sufficient effectiveness in comparison with surgery, but they are effective enough for patients with a high risk of postoperative complications, anesthetic risk, and/or for those who refused to undergo repeated surgery.
Thyroid hormone receptor-beta agonists in the treatment of metabolically associated steatotic liver disease. Review
Authors: Tkach S. M. , Yuzvenko T. Y. , Pankiv V. I. , Chyrkov Y. E. , Dogotar V. B.
Published: July 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, or metabolically-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, has become the leading chronic liver disease worldwide in the last decade. The spectrum of MASLD ranges from simple hepatic steatosis to metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), advanced liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatic inflammation and progressive fibrosis are considered to be the most important driving forces for the progression of MASLD/MASH. Therefore, patients with MASH are a key target group for the development of new therapeutic agents. Although many clinical trials have been conducted in patients with MASLD/MASH over the past two decades, until recently there was no licensed drug for the treatment of this very common metabolic liver disease. Preclinical experimental studies and results from human studies have confirmed the importance of thyroid hormone receptor-β (TGR-β) in the development of hepatic steatosis and stimulated interest in the development of TGR-β agonists as potential treatments for MASLD. The effects of TGR-β agonists, mainly resmetirom, on hepatic and cardiometabolic risk factors have been tested in randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) in patients with MASLD/MASH. As a result of the positive data obtained in the phase III RCT (MAESTRO-NASH), the USA FDA agency on March 14, 2024 accelerated approval of the first TGR-β agonist resmetirom as a drug for the treatment of steatohepatitis associated with metabolic dysfunction. Thus, resmetirom has become the first officially approved drug to be recommended in combination with diet and exercise for use in adults with non-cirrhotic MASH with moderate or advanced liver fibrosis (stages F2-F3 fibrosis).
Prognostic factors for the development of obstetric and perinatal pathology in pregnant women under conditions of iodine deficiency
Authors: Paienok O. S. , Soloshchenko V. I. , Hrytsyshyn B. R. , Ignatovych S. V.
Published: July 2024

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), iodine deficiency is the main cause of mental retardation in children, and at the same time, it significantly affects the pathological course of pregnancy and childbirth. The problem is complicated by the fact that more than 100.000 children with cretinism are born annually in the world. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in endemic thyroid diseases in Ukraine, the main cause of which is insufficient iodine consumption. Iodine deficiency conditions are aggravated by socio‑economic, ecological and radiological factors, while at the same time mass and group iodine prophylaxis is carried out improperly on the state level.
Objective. To determine prognostic factors for the development of obstetric and perinatal pathology in pregnant women under conditions of iodine deficiency.
Materials and methods. To compile a diagnostic table of prognostic factors of the threat of miscarriage, the analysis has been performed of 185 cases of threatened abortion (111 in the first trimester, 56 in the second, 18 in the third) and 223 control observations (without the threat of miscarriage). A diagnosis was considered as confirmed if it was established using all applicable methods of examination of pregnant women.
Results. The risk factors of the occurrence of perinatal pathology include hypothyroxinemia (DC=–2.5) and ioduria in pregnant women less than 100 mg/l (DC=–1.9). In the intranatal period, a negative impact is exerted by the lack of coordination and weakness of labor activity (DC=–8.1). Levels of thyroid‑stimulating hormone (TSH) in umbilical cord blood >10 mIU/ml (DC=–4.6) are the prognostically favorable factors for the postnatal adaptation of the newborn, especially TSH levels >20 mIU/ml (DC=–8.3). Conduction of iodine prophylaxis (DC=7.7) and ioduria in pregnant women 200—400 mg/l (DC=5.1) contribute to the improvement of perinatal outcomes.
Conclusions. A retrospective review of the prognostic significance of the diagnostic table in 188 patients with diffuse nontoxic goiter revealed its sensitivity (76%) and specificity (68%). On the basis of the conducted research, we established risk factors for the development of obstetric and perinatal complications, and assessed their informativeness. The developed algorithm is represented by a diagnostic table for the prediction of complications of pregnancy, childbirth and adverse perinatal outcomes in women with endemic thyropathies.
Sleep disorders and diabetes mellitus. Literature review and own data
Authors: Urbanovych A. M. , Shykula S. I.
Published: July 2024

The article presents analysis of current research on sleep disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The mechanisms underlying the relationship between insomnia and glycemic control are complex, as both DM can cause sleep disorders and insomnia can worsen the course of diabetes. It is well known that both short (< 6 hours) and long (> 8 hours) sleep durations are associated with an elevated risk of diabetes development. The reported prevalence of sleep disorders in diabetes patients ranges between 28.0% and 59.1%. Our investigation performed in Lviv with the use of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, identified that 46.2% of T2DM patients experienced sleep disorders. A comprehensive literature review also unveils association between DM and diverse sleep disorders such as insomnia, circadian rhythm disturbances, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and restless legs syndrome (RLS). The article furnishes insights into the classification, diagnostic principles, and treatment modalities for these disorders. Referral of patients to sleep specialists for the management of sleep disorders and the integration of sleep hygiene into diabetes care can effectively mitigate symptoms, forestall DM complications, and enhance patients’ quality of life. Circadian molecules like nobiletin, REV‑ERB agonists, and CRY stabilizers have demonstrated efficacy in preclinical studies and hold potential for the development of novel treatments for conditions associated with circadian dysregulation. Considering the frequency of detection of sleep disorders in T2DM patients according to the modern literary sources and own research, the study of this problem is important for the development of an algorithm for the examination of such patients, namely the need for endocrinologists to pay attention to the sleep status of patients and, if necessary, to refer them to somnologists. Further investigation into the etiology of sleep disorders in T2DM patients and their correlation with carbohydrate metabolism indicators exhibits promise. It is imperative to explore avenues to address these causes by complementing the primary therapy for T2DM.
Medication adherence and therapeutical outcome in hypertension patients at the Mlati II health center
Authors: Lestari Mardiana Puji , Sari Dewi Puspita
Published: July 2024

Background: Hypertension is a chronic disease that needs to be treated properly and continuously. One of the critical successes of therapy is medication adherence by patients.Objective: Determine the correlation between medication adherence and therapeutic outcome in hypertension patients at the Mlati II health center.Methods: This is a non-experimental study with a cross sectional design analysis, by purposive sampling technique. Adherence was obtained in the form of adherence levels measured using the MMAS-8 questionnaire, therapeutic outcomes assessed by measuring a patient's blood pressure. Then the data were analyzed using the Chi-square test to determine the relationship between the level of adherence and therapeutic outcomes.Results: From 76 hypertension patients, the majority aged 46-55 years (44.7%), female gender (69.7%), senior high school (39.5%), employment status did not work (55.3%), long suffering from hypertension <5 years (76.3%), received single therapy (61.8%) with the type of antihypertension drug amlodipine (59.2%), low adherence category rate (39.5%), outcome of therapy with uncontrolled blood pressure (60,5%), and significancy level p = 0,997>0,05Conclusion: There is no relationship between the level of adherence to the use of antihypertension drugs and the outcome therapy of controlled blood pressure at the Mlati Il health center
The benefit of saffron on reducing anxiety symptoms among nursing students
Authors: Sumiyarini Retno , Utami Khristina Dias , Riyadi Sujono
Published: July 2024

Background: Nursing students have higher levels of anxiety than students of others majors. Common stressors perceived are rigorous courses, a mandatory curriculum requires students facing frequent transitions from classroom to intensive lab and hospital also frequent enforcement of exams. Dealing with those situations, students attempt to deal and cope through the negative mode of action such as consuming alcohol, marijuana, smoking, and drug abuse. It is essential to manage those problems through effective interventionObjective: This study aims to understand the potential effects of saffron to treat anxiety among college students.Methods: We conducted an un-blinded experimental study. 78 nursing students perceiving anxiety, divided into two groups, the saffron group (n 42) and control groups (n 36). Treatment protocol was saffron group received saffron as brewed drinks, while control group drinks regular tea. The treatment duration is two weeks. Outcome assessed with DASS 21 Checklist, at baseline, and after 2 weeks therapy.Results:. Saffron had a more significant impact on the anxiety level among the intervention group. The mean anxiety scores decreased from 13,8 to 9,2 for the saffron group (p 0,0001).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that saffron is effective to reduce anxiety level among nursing students
PERFORMANCE OF THE NATIONAL NARCOTICS AGENCY OF GRESIK REGENCY IN EFFORT TO PREVENT NARCOTICS ABUSE AMONG YOUTH
Authors: Cahyani Intan Dwi Cahyani Dwi , Kusbandrijo Bambang , Murti Indah
Published: July 2024

This study aims to describe the performance of the National Narcotics Agency of Gresik Regency in an effort to prevent drug abuse among adolescents and to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors of the National Narcotics Agency of Gresik Regency in efforts to prevent drugs abuse among adolescents. This type of research is descriptive qualitative using data collection methods in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is an interactive model from Miles and Huberman. The results of this study indicate that the performance of the National Narcotics Agency of Gresik Regency in implementing the narcotics abuse prevention program among adolescents is good. From the indicators of responsiveness, the programs carried out are appropriate to answer the public's needs. From the indicators of responsibility, the programs carried out are in accordance with the existing policies. Meanwhile, from the accountability indicators, the programs carried out are accountable with the decreasing number of adolescent users. The supporting factor for this program is the policy issued by the Central Government and the Gresik Regency Government, while the inhibiting factor is the COVID-19 pandemic.
VILLAGE COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS AN INDEPENDENT AND PROSPEROUS VILLAGE IN PURWOSARI PEMATANG BANDAR VILLAGE
Authors: Julfani Listy , Rangkuti Bachtiar Ahmad Fani
Published: July 2024

Villages are part of the State bureaucracy which carries out bureaucratization in villages. After independence, the existence of villages was maintained with a total of 73,000 villages and 8,000 sub-districts to date. The village regulations that have been in force are no longer in accordance with current developments, especially regarding issues of the position of traditional legal communities, democratization, progress, and equitable development, giving rise to disparities between regions that can disrupt the integrity of the State. In 2014, the Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 concerning Villages was issued, which received a reaction from the community, but some parties doubted the ability of this Law to create strong, advanced, and independent villages. Of course, it is interesting to ask, is the material contained in this law capable of creating a strong and independent village? This can be seen from several points of view, namely: The essence and fundamental changes in village development based on the Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014, including from Reconstruction regarding the understanding and nature of villages, balanced authority, and finances, because it is suspected that the The root of the problem is that the difficulty of developing villages has an impact on national development. With the hope that Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 provides a strategic position and great authority for villages to manage village areas supported by adequate funds so that there is no reason for the village government in the future not to develop the village optimally.
Pelatihan WhatsApp Bisnis untuk Strategi Pemasaran Pada UMKM di Teweh Tengah, Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Fajar Rizky Hadi  , Tutut Dewi Astuti
Published: July 2024

MSMEs play an important role towards the Golden Indonesia 2045 by utilizing the significant development of digitalization. Digitalization is used by business people to attract the attention of buyers from other regions through existing social media. In Indonesia alone, social media users reach 139 million users, the magnitude of this opportunity must be utilized by business people, especially MSMEs, so that their business develops and becomes a solid foundation for welcoming the Golden Indonesia 2045. This community service aims to help MSMEs better utilize existing technology to facilitate transactions, as well as communicate with customers. The method used is to assist MSMEs in building WhatsApp Business for their business. The results obtained are MSMEs' understanding of WhatsApp Business and better use of the application before the service is carried out, as well as the benefits obtained by MSMEs after using WhatsApp Business.
Linguistik Kritis Terhadap Wawancara Ganjar Pranowo dan Najwa Shihab di Universitas Gadjah Mada
Authors: Rizkiyanti Anita
Published: July 2024

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis linguistik kritis terhadap wawancara yang dilakukan oleh Najwa Shihab dengan Ganjar Pranowo di Universitas Gadjah Mada. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode studi literature. Metode ini merupakan metode pendekatan secara kualitatif yang digunakan dalam melakukan analisis data – data yang di dapatkan dari dokumen. Dokumen yang digunakan berupa jurnal, rekaman wawancara, buku, karya ilmiah, dan lainnya. Hasil penelitian dalam wawancara tersebut adalah statement yang diberikan oleh Bapak Ganjar Pranowo. Statement ini cenderung teoritis saja namun dalam prakteknya belum tentu hal tersebut dapat terealisasikan. Karena pada nyatanya dalam kepemimpinan beliau di Jawa Tengah masih saja banyak permasalahan - permasalahan krusial yang terjadi mulai dari kemiskinan, pengangguran, dan sengketa lahan serta permasalahan tersebut masih belum dapat beliau tangani dengan baik. Hasil analisis ini menyajikan wawasan mendalam tentang bagaimana bahasa digunakan untuk membentuk realitas dan memengaruhi opini dalam masyarakat, khususnya terkait isu-isu politik sebelum masa kampanye, dan pentingnya kritisisme terhadap penggunaan Bahasa.
Peran Generasi Z Dalam Paradigma Geopolitik Indonesia
Authors: Munir Misbahul , Achadi M. Wasith , Baroroh Nurdhin
Published: July 2024

In the era of Society 5.0 and Industrial Revolution 4.0, technological advances and globalization have triggered significant changes in various aspects of life, including geopolitics. Indonesia, with its position as the largest archipelagic country and abundant natural resources, has great potential for economic growth and geopolitical influence. Generation Z, born between 1997 and 2010, plays an important role in Indonesia's geopolitical paradigm. They are a digital native generation who grew up with technology and globalization, making them key actors in politics, society and the economy. This research aims to explore the role of Generation Z in overhauling Indonesia's geopolitical paradigm, using a literature study method that collects data from related journals and articles. The research results show that Generation Z utilizes digital technology to increase political participation, organize social movements, and promote citizen diplomacy. They are active in advocating global issues such as climate change, human rights, and gender equality, as well as encouraging sustainable business practices. The main findings of this research show that Generation Z in Indonesia is able to mobilize support and influence public policy through social media. Concrete examples include the #VoiceForClimate movement and protests against the Job Creation Law, which demonstrate their power in influencing public opinion and policy. In addition, their involvement in the digital economy and technological innovation creates new dynamics in the global economy, strengthening Indonesia's position on the international stage. The impact of this research confirms that Generation Z is a significant agent of change, bringing hope and inspiration for Indonesia's future. With an innovative, critical and progressive spirit, they are reshaping the national and global geopolitical landscape, ensuring their voices and values ​​are an integral part of the policy-making process.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning (PBL) Melalui Pendekatan Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas VII
Authors: Lestari Ica Endang , Maharani Swasti , Sunarni Sri
Published: July 2024

Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) is a learning approach that does not focus on class level but rather focuses on the level of cognitive ability of each student in the class. This approach provides students with the opportunity to learn according to their cognitive abilities. Meanwhile, Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a learning model that provides problems in real life with the aim that students are expected to be able to build their own knowledge and understanding of the material they study. The aim of this research is to improve student learning outcomes in class VII-E of SMP Negeri 11 Madiun through the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model using the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) approach. This research was conducted in 2 cycles on March 7 2024 and March 28 2024 using Classroom Action Research (PTK) with research subjects of 28 class VII-E students at SMP Negeri 11 Madiun for the 2024/2025 academic year. The research process was carried out by implementing learning in groups according to the level of students' cognitive abilities and given problems through LKPD. One class is divided into 7 groups according to the results of the diagnostic assessment that have been analyzed. Groups 1, 2 and 3 consist of students who have low ability to solve problems independently who are then given guidance and scaffolding, groups 4 and 5 have moderate ability to solve problems independently and are given a little scaffolding. Meanwhile, groups 5 and 6 have high abilities in solving problems independently. The data collection instrument used in this research is student learning outcomes (Summative Assessment). From the initial test results, it was found that only 8 students' learning outcomes data met the KKM with a percentage of students' learning completion of 28.57%. In cycle I, the learning outcomes of students who met the KKM increased to 16 students with a percentage of student learning completion of 57.14%. Then in cycle II there was an increase again, where the learning outcomes of students who met the KKM became 23 students with a percentage of student learning completion of 82.14%, while the other 5 learning outcomes did not meet the KKM. Thus it can be concluded that the application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model with the Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) approach can improve student learning outcomes.
Penerapan Model Promblem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Peserta Didik
Authors: Sinaga Masniawita Gloria , Hidayat Hidayat , Sari Dwi Novita , Nasution Atika Erlina , Syahputri Novita
Published: July 2024

This study employs the Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach to better equip XI-IPS 3 students at SMA Negeri 2 Medan to communicate mathematical ideas and concepts. In this complicated information age, mathematical communication abilities are essential, yet reality shows that this ability is still low among Indonesian students. Each of the two cycles of this classroom action study included steps of planning, carrying out the action, observing the results, and reflecting on the experience. Data were collected through written tests and observations to assess students' mathematical communication skills and teachers' proficiency in applying PBL. The results show a significant improvement in students' mathematical communication abilities. Before the intervention, only 28.57% of students reached the Minimum Completion Criteria (KKM), but after two PBL cycles, this percentage increased to 77.14%, exceeding the 75% target. Improvements were also seen across all mathematical communication indicators, including representing problems, explaining strategies, and interpreting solutions. This research proves that PBL is effective in enhancing students' mathematical communication skills.
Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Matematika Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning di Kelas XI IPA 1 SMAN 10 Medan
Authors: Barus Zalmira Aidina , Nasution Haryati Ahda , Siregar Nurhafni , Aulia Ummi , Latif Abdul
Published: July 2024

Students' poor performance in mathematics is influenced by the teacher's incompetence in designing an engaging learning environment. This study's overarching goal is to enhance the mathematical knowledge of SMA Negeri 10 Medan's IPA 1 students in the eleventh grade by using the Problem Based Learning paradigm. This study uses Classroom Action Research (PTK), a research technique that has been used in two research cycles. The four phases of research in each cycle are preparation, execution, evaluation, and reflection. In this study, 36 students (16 males and 20 females) from class XI IPA 1 of SMA Negeri 10 Medan participated. In order to gather data, we used observation and a 5-question fill-out exam. Percentage computations were used in the data analysis method. The research results showed that student learning outcomes in cycle I averaged 71.94 with classical completion at 55.55%. Meanwhile, learning outcomes in cycle II averaged 82.22 with classical completeness of 83.33%. Results show that classical learning outcomes have improved, leading us to believe that PBL (Problem Based Learning) Learning Model may help students in Science 1 of class XI at SMA Negeri 10 Medan learn more mathematics.
The Effect of Applying the Problem-Posing Learning Model on Learning Outcomes of Set Material in Middle School Students
Authors: Polii Falentino , Domu Ichdar , Regar Vivian Eleonora
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the differences in student learning outcomes in junior high school after receiving learning using the Problem-posing model and the direct learning model on Association material. The research method used in this research is a quasi-experiment with a Posttest Only Control Design by applying the Problem Posing learning model and the Direct learning model. In this research, the author used two sample classes, namely VIIA, using the Problem-solving learning model as the experimental class, and VIIB, using the direct learning model as the control class. The instrument used is four descriptive questions whose validity and reliability have been tested and scored. The results of data analysis show that the average student learning outcomes in the experimental class are 80.20 higher than the average student learning outcomes in the control class, namely 75.95; this indicates differences in student learning outcomes in the set metrics by applying the Problem-posing learning model. The results of data analysis using the Liliefors test and t-test show that the data obtained in this study is normally distributed, which means that applying the Problem-posing learning model influences students' ability to solve Association questions at St. Catholic Middle School. Johanis Laikit.