bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving English Speaking Proficiency Among Non-English Major Learners in Malaysia Through Mobile Language Learning Applications
Authors: John Jonaline , Yea Lo Yueh
Published: December 2024

The proliferation of mobile technology has revolutionised language learning, particularly with the advent of mobile language learning applications. This qualitative study investigates the motivations, preferences, and challenges of non-English major learners in Malaysia using mobile language learning apps to improve English speaking proficiency. This study is motivated by the persistent challenge Malaysian non-English major learners encounter in attaining English-speaking proficiency due to limited practice and classroom constraints. Mobile language apps offer versatile platforms with live sessions and personalised learning, addressing these obstacles. Drawing upon the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) 3, the research explores the participants’ perceptions of usefulness, ease of use, and psychological factors influencing their acceptance of interactive language apps like Duolingo and specialised speaking-focused platforms such as Tandem. Through in-depth interviews with 20 non-English major university students, findings reveal diverse motivations driving app usage, ranging from career prospects to personal enrichment and cultural curiosity. While participants report positive impacts on pronunciation, vocabulary acquisition, and fluency, they also encounter challenges related to pronunciation feedback accuracy, self-discipline, and the limitations of app-based instruction. Recommendations include customising app content to align with individual motivations, enhancing app features to address pronunciation feedback accuracy and motivation issues, and integrating traditional classroom instruction with mobile app-based learning for a more comprehensive language learning experience. This study highlights the importance of accommodating non-English majors’ needs in mobile language learning apps.
“Wild” languaging
Authors: Korpinen Kaisa
Published: December 2024

A growing body of research has illustrated that embodied and arts-based approaches can holistically support additional language learning. However, more research on the implementation of such approaches is needed to impact pedagogical practices. This study explores how integrating language and dance can create possibilities for embodied language learning in early additional language education. It is based on a project that combined dance with early Swedish language learning in a Finnish primary school. The analytical focus is on animal-themed language and dance integrated activities held when the participating pupils were in second grade. The study draws theoretically on socio-material approaches to language education, which involves considering languaging an activity that engages the entire human being and relates them to other people, materials, and spaces. The data include video recordings of lessons, lesson plans, and the researcher’s embodied experiences and written reflections. An arts-based and post-qualitative research approach is used to analyse and present languaging events. The results indicate that children were activated in languaging through communicative movement exploration that involved children transforming into or becoming animals. The languaging unfolded in unpredictable or “wild” ways in activities that involved repetition, variation, and sense-making with creative movement and sound. Children’s agency in languaging was performed collectively in relation to bodies and materialities of the space in an embodied and creative activity involving peer collaboration and performing. To conclude, the study proposes “wild” languaging as a practice of embodied language learning through dance, and discusses its pedagogical potential for early additional language education.
Okul Öncesi Sınıf Kitaplıklarında Bulunan Hikaye Kitaplarının Dilin Bileşenleri Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Pedük Şenay , Masanoğlu Asiye , Dağ Bahar , Örenoğlu Sultan
Published: December 2024

Bu çalışma, 3-6 yaş okul öncesi eğitim kurumlarındaki sınıf kitaplıklarında bulunan hikâye kitaplarının dilin bileşenlerine ve betimsel özelliklerine göre incelenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma deseninde doküman analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. İncelenen dokümanlar 2023-2024 eğitim öğretim yılı içerisinde İstanbul, Çanakkale ve Edirne illerinde MEB’e bağlı 6 bağımsız anaokulunun kitap merkezlerinde yer alan 32 hikâye kitabından oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan yarı yapılandırılmış form kullanılmıştır. Form aracılığı ile elde edilen verilerin çözümlenmesinde içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda incelenen çocuk kitaplarının tamamında (Dilin semantik ve sentaks bileşen özelliklerinden) kurallı cümlelerin bulunduğu, devrik cümlelere daha az rastlanıldığı, olumlu cümlelerin olumsuz cümlelerden daha fazla bulunduğu ve çocuk kitaplarının çoğunda soru ve ünlem cümlelerinin yer aldığı; (Pragmatik açıdan) sosyal açıdan destekleyici ifadelere yer verildiği ve (Semantik) sözcük dağarcığını geliştirici ifadelerin yer aldığı söylenebilir. Çocuk hikâyelerinde (Morfolojik açıdan) zengin bir biçimde sıfat, bağlaç ve fiil kullanımı görülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında çeşitli önerilere yer verilmiştir.
Ransomware Attacks and Their Evolving Strategies: A Systematic Review of Recent Incidents
Authors: Sudheer Sooraj
Published: December 2024

Ransomware attacks have emerged as a significant cybersecurity concern, posing intricate risks to individuals, institutions, and governments. Because cybercriminals are always improving their methods, it is important to understand how these changing approaches affect things. This study explores the complexity of ransomware attacks by looking into previous cases to identify trends, tactics, and how economic and technological advancements affect these risks. Through an extensive examination of cutting-edge ransomware tactics, the paper pinpoints a major research void with regard to current, fine-grained incident analyses and sector-specific impacts. A systematic literature review has been done using four ransomware and six cybersecurity keywords. The purpose of this study is to analyze the evolving complexity of ransomware attacks by examining past cases to identify trends, tactics, and the impact of economic and technological advancements on these risks. It also aims to address gaps in detailed incident analyses and sector-specific impacts, providing actionable insights and recommendations for strengthening cybersecurity defenses and legislative measures. The study adds to the body of knowledge by analyzing recent examples, identifying the dynamic nature of threat actor actions, and assessing the efficacy of countermeasures in a variety of industries through qualitative and quantitative data. The conclusions reached provide insightful analysis and practical suggestions for cybersecurity professionals to strengthen defenses, reduce risks, and predict future advancements in ransomware operations. In the end, this report hopes to set the groundwork for stronger cybersecurity standards and well-informed legislative solutions to counteract the increasingly complex ransomware techniques.
Review on: Experimental Screening Methods for Antihypertensive Agents.
Authors: Dr. Mrunal K Shirsat  , Mrs. Shweta Bahire  , Ms. Shravani. K. Patil  , Ms. Vaibhavi.S. Bhosale
Published: December 2024

The main goals of preclinical studies are to determine a starting, safe dose for first-in-human study and assess potential toxicity of the product, which typically include new medical devices, prescription drugs, and diagnostics. Preclinical studies refer to the testing of a drug, procedure or other medical treatment in animals before trials may be carried out in humans. They are done to determine efficacy and safety of the drug. Preclinical studies are performed in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, and in silico` models to obtain basic information about the safety and biological efficacy of a drug candidate before testing it in a final target population, i.e. humans. In a recent days, hypertension becomes very common disease condition. Sometimes this hypertension gives rise other disease conditions and that might be very serious. Anti hypertensive agents are used, to evaluate the action, adverse effects, efficacy and parameters the experimental screening is done. Different types of in vivo studies are there to check Anti hypertensive agent for eg. to check blood pressure in pithed rats, anti hypertensive vasodilator activity in ganglion blocking, angiotensin supported rats, tail cuff method etc
The Science of Team Dynamics: A Review of Psychological Factors Influencing Team Performance in Sports
Authors: Rahul Dev Choudhury  , Dr Joydeb Das
Published: December 2024

Psychological factors play a crucial role in team dynamics and overall performance in competitive sports. This review explores the complex interplay of various psychological aspects, including communication, leadership styles, and group cohesion, and their impact on team effectiveness and success. Effective communication is essential for building trust, enhancing collaboration, and facilitating the exchange of feedback and strategies among team members. However, barriers such as language differences and emotional misunderstandings can hinder communication and negatively affect performance. Leadership styles also significantly influence team dynamics, with transformational leadership fostering trust and motivation, while autocratic leadership may diminish teamwork and performance. Coaches play a vital role in shaping team dynamics by creating a supportive environment that promotes communication and emotional control. Group cohesion, comprising task and social cohesion, is another critical factor in team success. Cohesive teams exhibit better teamwork, trust, and motivation, leading to improved performance outcomes. Strategies to enhance group cohesion include team-building activities, clear communication channels, and a focus on shared goals. The review highlights the need for tailored psychological approaches that consider these factors to support athlete development and team performance. Further research is necessary to deepen our understanding of the psychological elements influencing team dynamics in sports and to inform targeted training practices based on psychological principles.
Real -Time Network Packet Classification Exploiting Computer Vision Architectures
Authors: Pradeep Nayak  , Sudeep Rathod  , Surabhi  , Sukanya
Published: December 2024

The upcoming 6G and NextG networks underscore the necessity of sophisticated security methods based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in order to detect malicious activity and adjust to new threats. Because computer vision techniques may be used to recognize complex patterns, their incorporation into the cybersecurity industry is a promising development. In this work, we present a computationally effective categorization technique that enforces the real-time conversion of packets into pictures by directly acting upon the raw packets gathered at base stations. The suggested solution's novel features include its lightweight implementation, which well satisfies the requirements of upcoming 6G networks, and its network edge operation, which permits early threat detection as near to the packet origin as feasible. We examine the efficacy of this methodology in terms of F1-score and prediction time by employing cutting-edge computer vision architectures and a customized Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to tackle an intrusion detection task utilizing a substantial 5G dataset. The CNN design is superior than complicated models, as demonstrated by the results of experiments. The CNN consistently beats the other cutting-edge computer vision models over several packet window sizes N (i.e., 10, 50, and 100 packets), reaching very high F1-scores (0.99593, 0.99860, and 0.99895). A scalability investigation reveals a trade- off between the performance and scalability of CNN, with higher N values resulting in longer prediction times. However, the scalability of the other computer vision models is superior, allowing for an ideal model selection free of compromises
Positive Self-Talk in Adolescent: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Mulawarman Mulawarman , Antika Eni Rindi , Hariyadi Sigit , Ilmi Achmad Miftachul , Prabawa Abi Fa’izzarahman , Pautina Amalia Rizki , Chairunnisa Dini , Benu Kristin Melliyati , Nadhita Galuh , Lathifah Alvia Ainil , Yuliana Vita
Published: December 2024

This study synthesizes the literature on positive self-talk in adolescents. The research aimed to comprehensively understand descriptive forms and strategies to increase positive self-talk in adolescents. The method used in this research was Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by searching relevant articles through Scopus, Taylor & Francis Group, and Sage databases. The search was limited based on predetermined inclusion criteria, and 30 articles were obtained by peer review. The research design used was Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analytics (PRISMA). The results demonstrated that the form of positive self-talk in adolescents varies and can be applied to cultivate self-talk habits that are goal-directed, rational, affective, cognitive, motivational, and have psychological functions. Strategies to improve self-talk include using gestures through repetitive practice, mental rehearsal, cognitive interventions, and using first or second-person pronouns. Furthermore, strategies to increase self-talk can be implemented using video modelling examples and naturalistic videos.
Psychological Well-being of the Elderly in Yogyakarta City: Descriptive Study
Authors: Astuti Budi , Rachmawati Indriyana , Kurniasari Mitta , Juwita Sari Widya , Lestari Rizqi
Published: December 2024

Elderly people are a population that receives attention worldwide because when individuals enter the elderly period, life changes automatically occur, from productive to non-productive, even reduced physical abilities. This condition can undoubtedly affect the psychological well-being of the elderly because it requires them to adapt to new situations that have never been experienced before. This study aimed to determine the psychological well-being of the elderly through descriptive analysis and difference tests to find the results of differences in the psychological well-being of male and female elderly people. Three hundred twenty elderly people, both men and women, were involved in this study. These elderly people were selected using purposive sampling techniques in the Yogyakarta area. Data collection used a psychological well-being scale with six indicators, namely (1) self-acceptance, (2) life goals, (3) environmental mastery, (4) personal growth, (5) autonomy, and (6) positive relationships with others. The data that had been collected were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Wilcoxon test. The study results showed that the psychological well-being of male elderly people was 54.45, lower than that of female elderly people, who obtained a score of 54.51. In terms of age, the psychological well-being of elderly people was lower than that of elderly people. However, the overall results showed no difference in the psychological well-being of the male and female elderly with a p-value of 0,076>0,05. The psychological well-being of the elderly is better because it emphasizes the spiritual dimension in building a better meaning of life.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cybercounseling Interventions for Social Anxiety
Authors: Zulfa Nadhifatuz , Farmawati Cintami , Mufida Mariya , Akmala Firda , Rizqi Arina
Published: December 2024

Social anxiety is a prevalent mental health issue in modern society, significantly affecting the quality of life of those impacted. However, access to mental health services, including traditional counseling, is often limited by various factors. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a cybercounseling application in addressing social anxiety. The application, developed as part of this research, provides clients with the ability to consult counselors without the constraints of distance and time. Key features include real-time chat with counselors, mental health articles as "self-help" resources, and a tool for measuring social anxiety levels. This research follows a Research and Development (RnD) design, comprising three stages of testing: (1) expert validation, which confirmed the model as valid for use; (2) limited empirical testing, where the application showed significant effectiveness in reducing social anxiety based on Wilcoxon statistical tests (p < 0.05); and (3) large-scale testing, which further confirmed the application's effectiveness with similar significant results (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that the cybercounseling application is a viable tool for treating social anxiety in the digital era.
Authenticity in Relationships: A Moderating Factor in Stress Communication and Marital Satisfaction during the First Five Years of Marriage
Authors: Pambudi Phoebe Ramadina , Ratnasari Yudiana
Published: December 2024

The first five years of marriage are filled with role transitions in an individual's life.  Therefore, dyadic coping strategies, especially stress communication, are important for maintaining marital satisfaction. Personality traits such as authenticity also play a role in this dynamic. Authenticity affects how individuals are able to communicate openly about their stress, thereby also affecting how they feel about their marriage. Participants in this study are 1228 Indonesian citizens in the first five years of marriage. Stress communication was measured by Stress Communication dimension in Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI), Authenticity was measured with Kernis-Goldman Authenticity Inventory Short Form (KGAI-SF), and Marital satisfaction was measured using  Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS). Interestingly, the moderation analysis shows that authenticity plays a significantly negative moderating role in the relationship between stress communication and marital satisfaction in the first five years of marriage. This suggests that when individuals become too authentic in their relationship, the positive effect of stress communication on marital satisfaction is weakened.
Age-Based Analysis of Self-Harm Behaviors Among Instagram Users
Authors: Erwinda Lira , Kurnaedi Nedi
Published: December 2024

The suicide rate among adolescents and young adults has risen to the position of the second greatest cause of mortality. Research on the influence of social media on the suicide risk or reduction of risk among young people is a relatively new and rapidly increasing field of study that requires the attention of a wide variety of specialists working in the field of mental health services. This research aims to describe the condition of self-harm based on the age of individuals who use the Instagram platform. This research is comparative research obtained through purposive random sampling. The sample for this research was 288 respondents consisting of various ages. Data were collected using a self-harm instrument with 18 items in a four-point response format. The analysis technique uses an item response theory (IRT) approach with Rasch Model analysis. This research tested descriptive and differences using Anova with the help of WINSTEPS Version 5.0.0. The results show that there is a significant difference between self-harm among Instagram users based on age. In addition, Instagram users aged 18–20 in late teenage development fill out the self-harm instrument more than other age groups. Instagram users had low self-harm rates, according to the study. This study recommends that policymakers and scholars should monitor social media mental health trends.
Angora goats and mohair production in South Africa: a review
Authors: MTENJWA Bukeka , IKUSIKA Olusegun , MPENDULO Conference Thando , GAJANA Sabelo Christian
Published: December 2024

This review summarises the properties, nutritional requirements, and production of a natural fibre called mohairs produced by Angora goats. One of the most valuable natural fibres is mohair, produced by Angora goats. Angora goats, also known as Ankara, have their origin in Asia Minor, but today, South Africa is home to over 23% of the global population of Angora goats, where it produces over 60% of the world's mohair, generating about 4 million kilograms annually. Eastern parts of South Africa account for over 72% of the total Angora goats in the country, hence producing the highest number of mohair. The physical properties of Angora mohair, such as lustre, non-inflammable, breathable, durability, elasticity, and resistance to soiling, make it unique and different from other natural fibres of other animal sources. These properties are affected by age, nutrition, and management. The role of nutrition is particularly crucial, as Angora goats require 3-4% of their body weight DM, whilst meat goats and lactating dairy goats require 3-5% and 4-6% of their body weight DM. When Angora goats were fed diets with 18% crude protein, mohair growth increased by about 33% annually compared to diets containing 12-15% CP, while feed intakes were the same. Also, copper, sulphur, molybdenum, and water intake affect the quality of mohairs. In conclusion, inadequate nutrition significantly impedes productivity and sustains financial losses. Hence, promoting sustainable farming practices is vital, investing in research to develop resilient grazing systems and drought-tolerant feed crops, and building capacity for small-scale farmers to improve mohar production and quality in South Africa.
Keywords: Angora goats, Mohair, Nutrition, Physical Properties, Processing.
Effect of Leucaena leucocephala-based multi-nutrient lick blocks on the feed intake and growth performance of buffaloes
Authors: LLANTADA Phoebe Lyndia T. , CASTILLO Charity I. , UY-DE GUIA Mary Rose D. , AMIDO Reynald D. , GROSPE Vienna Kristel A. , LAVARIAS Psalm Joseph F. , GONZALES Edwin G. , DEL BARRIO Arnel N.
Published: December 2024

Ruminant production in the Philippines is often hindered by limited access to high-quality feed, leading to suboptimal animal growth and productivity. To address these challenges, this study evaluated the locally made multi-nutrient lick block (MNLB) containing ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala), a legume known for its nutritional value. A 30-day palatability test was conducted to assess the acceptability of the developed MNLB, using 5 male buffaloes with an average weight of 245 ± 5 kg. Additionally, a 90-day- feeding trial was carried out using 15 growing buffaloes (average age: 13.5 months, weight: 243.83 ± 5 kg), randomly assigned to three treatment groups: T1 or control (non-supplemented), T2 or commercial mineral block, and T3 or MNLB, to evaluate the growth performance, nutrient utilization, and economic viability of the legume-based MNLB. Results demonstrated that the MNLB was palatable to the animals, with an average daily consumption of 192.10 g/animal/day, providing adequate nutritional value to meet the buffaloes’ daily requirements. Moreover, MNLB supplementation significantly enhanced dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) intake compared to control and commercial mineral block groups. The average DM intake for T3 was 9.88 kg, and the average CP intake was 1006 g, compared to T1 (9.56 kg DM intake and 983 g CP intake) and T2 (9.59 kg DM intake and 984 g CP intake). While the commercial mineral block showed positive results, the MNLB outperformed in terms of nutritional value. In terms of cost-effectiveness, the MNLB can serve as an alternative feed supplement for small- scale farmers, offering a lower- cost option compared to commercial feed supplements. The study concluded that the MNLB has potential as a practical solution to address the nutritional challenges faced by ruminant producers in resource-limited environments. By providing a nutrient-rich and safe feed supplement, the MNLB can contribute to improved animal health, productivity, and overall farm profitability.
Occurrence and levels of aflatoxin contamination in poultry feed ingredients and layer mash in farms and feed mills in Ghana
Authors: NKANSAH Bella , ADJORLOLO Leonard , APPIAH-OPONG Regina , OBESE Frederick
Published: December 2024

The study assessed the incidence and contamination levels of total aflatoxins (TAF) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in feed ingredients and compound layer mash from six regions in Ghana. Thirty-five facilities comprising commercial poultry farms and feed mills were used in the study. There was 100% incidence of TAF and AFB1 in the samples of layer mash and feed ingredients (maize, soybean meal and wheat bran). The TAF of layer mash, maize and soybean meal (55.2, 54.0 and 47.6 µgkg-1, respectively) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than TAF of wheat bran (28.6 µgkg-1). Most of the layer mash, soybean meal and wheat bran samples had TAF concentrations exceeding the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) maximum limit of 20 µgkg-1. Mean TAF concentrations in layer mash and maize samples were strongly and positively correlated (r = 0.50; P < 0.018). Layer mash, maize and soybean meal had significantly higher (P< 0.05) AFB1 concentrations (33.0, 35.1, 26.5 µgkg-1, respectively) when compared to wheat bran (13.8 µgkg-1). Most layer mash and maize samples exceeded the European Commission’s maximum limits of 20 and 50 µgkg-1 respectively for AFB1. Mean AFB1 concentrations in layer mash and maize samples were strongly and positively correlated (r = 0.54; P = 0.01). High aflatoxins contamination of poultry feed is a persistent problem in Ghana. The use of toxin-binders, education of poultry farmers and feed millers on the implication of aflatoxins contamination in poultry feeds and the enforcement of regulation by Ghana’s food and drugs authority is recommended.
The effect of neurotropic supplements on lactogenesis in female pigs and the development of their offspring
Authors: KHOMENKO Maryna , SEBA Mukola , RUBAN Sergiy , HOLOVETSKYI Igor , KURBATOVA Inna , BOGDANOVA Natalia , TROKHYMENKO Vita , KEPKALO Inna
Published: December 2024

The aim of study was to evaluate the influence of biologically active additives on the hormonal status of lactating sows and the absolute growth of suckling piglets. Glutam 1M, nanoaquachelates of germanium (NPs-Ge) and Quatronan-Se (Cu-NPs, Se-NPs, Cr-NPs, Ge-NPs, Mn-NPs) have been administered orally (lat. per os) for animals in different percentage doses and schemes. Five animals groups have been formed by the method of analogues: control (20 ml physiological solution) and four experimental (group M: 18 mg/kg Glutam 1M; group G18: 5 μg/kg Ge-NP + 18 mg/kg Glutam 1M; group G9: 5 μg/kg Ge-NP + 9 mg/kg Glutam 1M; and group Q: Quatronan-Se (0.02 ml/kg) administered for 14 days). Results showed positive effects of the use of supplements on prolactin secretion. Administration of 5 mg/kg live weight NPs-Ge for sows G18 and G9 for 4 days before the farrowing increased the level of prolactin in the blood serum. On farrowing day, the hormone level in these groups was 14.6 ng/ml (G18) and 13.42 ng/ml (G9), while in K and M groups it was 12.02 and 9.94 ng/ml, respectively. On the day of weaning, the highest prolactin content has been observed in the G18 group as 14.9 ng/ml. Also, suckling piglets from this group have had the highest growth during the studied period. During the entire suckling period, the growth of piglets in the G18 group was 3.65 kg and was higher compared to the K (2.94 kg), M (3.58 kg), G9 (3.31 kg) and Q (3.44 kg) groups. It’s suggested that the scheme introduction of Germanium (5 mg/kg) additives, 4 days before and 10 days after farrowing + Glutam 1M (18 mg/kg) 3 days after farrowing is the most effective (group G18) in means of growth performance.
UNTANGLING THE GREEN WEB
Authors: Fabiane de Souza Araújo Carolina
Published: December 2024

This article explores the concepts of “greenhushing” and “greenwashing” as distinct approaches to the communication of sustainability initiatives by companies. The importance of avoiding confusion between these terms is highlighted, emphasizing their opposite nature. Greenwashing involves the practice of companies exaggerating their environmental actions, creating a false impression of ecological responsibility. For example, they label products as “environmentally friendly” based on minimal changes, while overall operations remain unsustainable. In contrast, “greenhushing” occurs when companies minimize or omit their genuine sustainable achievements, often for fear of backlash. An example is a company that buys materials sustainably, but chooses not to publicize it. Both practices reveal a lack of transparency in companies’ sustainability communication, representing different forms of inauthenticity. This analysis seeks to elucidate the nuances of these behaviors and their relationship to transparency in corporate communication about sustainable practices.
TEACHING KNOWLEDGE AND KNOWLEDGE IN THE CONTINUING EDUCATION OF TEACHERS WHO TEACH MATHEMATICS IN THE EARLY YEARS
Authors: Aparecida da Silva Renata , Maria Pontin Darsie Marta
Published: December 2024

The subject of this article is teaching knowledge and the continuing education of teachers who teach mathematics in the early years of elementary school, and the guiding question is: what are the contributions of the theories of Tardif, Shulman and Pimenta to the understanding of teaching knowledge for the continuing education of teachers who teach mathematics in the early years? The aim is to analyze the literature on teaching knowledge and knowledge necessary for the practice of continuing education for teachers who teach mathematics in the early years of elementary school, based on theories of teaching knowledge and the reflective teacher. The research is based on a qualitative, interpretative bibliographical approach, based on the works of the authors Tardif (2014), Shulman (1986) and Pimenta (1999), which provide comprehensive perspectives on teaching practice, professional identity, teacher training and the different types of knowledge involved. The conclusion is that it is important to understand the definition of teaching knowledge and its articulation with the continuing education of teachers who teach mathematics in the early years. This subject is complex and multifaceted, as it requires a theoretical and methodological approach that takes into account the cognitive, psychological, curricular, pedagogical, social, historical and cultural dimensions linked to the process of teaching and learning mathematics. It is therefore necessary for both teacher educators and future teacher educators to reflect on their training, their professional identity and their teaching practice.
CURRICULUM ADAPTATION FOR STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS
Authors: Maria Ramos de Oliveira Vargas Aline
Published: December 2024

This article addresses a topic that is relevant to the present day and of paramount importance for regular schools, which is curricular adaptation for students with special educational needs, discussing the importance of specific training for teachers in regular schools who receive inclusive education students. To guarantee quality education. Its objective is to discuss how to promote social inclusion and at the same time guarantee quality education and guarantee equity, since the audience for special education has been increasing in regular schools. Therefore, curricular adaptation, appropriate strategies and methodology are extremely necessary, but this specific audience needs a more in-depth look on the part of the teacher. In this sense, it is observed that there is a need for continued training of teachers to guarantee quality education to all students without distinction.
RESPONSIBLE GAME AND THE RELEASE OF BETS
Authors: M. Sant’Anna Bungart Márcia , Cavalcante Bolor Simone , Paula Silvestre Basilio da Silva Ana , Aparecida de Moura Higa Isabela , Lizak Zolfan Shirlei
Published: December 2024

With the regulation of online sports bets in Brazil, as established by Law No. 14,790 and its guidelines through Ordinance SPA/MF No. 1,231, there was a large increase in the number of players and frequent adherence to betting platforms. This growth of people adept at betting games brings to light significant concerns related to mental health, because the game disorder, also known as ludopathy, is characterized by excessive and harmful use of this practice. Mental health studies indicate that exacerbated involvement in gambling can lead to the development of serious psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety and stress, especially in cases of frequent financial losses and repeated attempts to recover the damage. This project aims to analyze the contributions of psychology, with emphasis on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), in the confrontation and combating symptoms associated with game addiction and online bets. Betting houses, popularly called Bets, have their operation legalized by Law No. 14,790/2023 and, from January 2025, will be authorized to work in Brazil within legal parameters, which will make access wider, requiring measures Preventive and treatment strategies focused on the welfare of players. Research will examine how CBT can contribute to the reduction of negative impacts caused by compulsive use of BETs, identifying risk factors and social and psychological influences that lead to the development of this addiction. CBT -specific techniques will be explored to resignify dysfunctional thoughts, promoting greater emotional and behavioral control of players and contributing to relapse prevention.
IMPACT OF THE USE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION DISORDERS IN YOUNG ADULTS
Authors: Moura Carias Pedro , Almeida do Nascimento Evelyn , Almeida Cabral dos Santos Lugão Matheus , Pedro Rocha Morozini João , Leite Bicalho Rebeca , Garcia Lima Carolina , Henrique Braga Pedro , Fernanda Santos Evelyn , Luiza Cerutti Dutra Ana , Bandeira Lima Júlia , Costa Pignaton Maycon , Stein de Siqueira Varejão Amanda , Ventorim Giurizatto Camile , Agrizzi Morais Isadora , Carolina de Oliveira Gomes Maria
Published: December 2024

Social networks have transformed the way young adults relate, consume information and construct their identities. Although these platforms provide opportunities for connection and learning, their excessive use has been associated with the development of anxiety and depression disorders. Prolonged exposure to unrealistic standards of life and beauty, social interaction mediated by screens and technological dependence are factors that can compromise the mental health of this population. The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of social media use on the development of anxiety and depression disorders in young adults, identifying risk factors and opportunities for preventive interventions. This study used a qualitative approach through a literature review, with the aim of analyzing the impact of social media use on mental health. The focus was on psychological effects, patterns of behavior and implications for quality of life, with an emphasis on young people and adolescents. Recent studies indicate that excessive use of social networks is related to feelings of inadequacy, social isolation and low self-esteem, factors that increase vulnerability to mental health disorders. Social comparison, fueled by algorithms that prioritize highly visually appealing content, and cyberbullying emerge as recurring triggers for anxiety and depression. In addition, the sleep disruption caused by using these platforms at night aggravates psychological symptoms. Strategies such as promoting the conscious use of social networks and developing emotional skills can reduce these negative impacts. Therefore, excessive and unregulated use of social media can significantly contribute to the increase in cases of anxiety and depression in young adults. It is essential to promote digital education, limit usage time and create awareness campaigns to mitigate the adverse effects of social media, protecting the mental health of this age group.
Effect of mucous fistula refeeding in neonates with small bowel enterostomy at a low resource center- a prospective interventional study in a Bangladeshi pediatric surgical unit
Authors: Huq Umama , Hasan Samiul , Burgos Carmen Mesas , Rahman Ashrarur
Published: December 2024

Aims: Neonates with small bowel enterostomy face substantial challenges in maintaining fluid balance, optimal nutrition and growth, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) where parenteral nutrition is not extensively available. Moreover, the discrepancy between proximal and unused distal loop often makes the anastomosis challenging and risky during closure. This study was aimed to describe a simple method of mucous fistula refeeding (MFR) in a resource constrained environment and to see the impact of MFR on growth and nutrition and distal intestine diameter.
Methods: A simplified MFR technique requiring minimal resources was employed, which was taught to and carried out by the caregivers. Distal loopogram was performed before commencement of MFR and before stoma closure. The weight gain and width difference of the distal loop at splenic flexure was measured. Statistical analysis was done in SPSS 26.0 and p <0.05 considered to be significant.
Results: We implemented MFR on ten consecutive neonates. The indications for enterostomy formation were meconium ileus (6), three among them were complicated, ileal atresia (3), and intestinal perforation (1). Mean rate of weight gain was 18 gm/day and mean gut width increment was 0.1 mm/day (p < 0.05). One patient (10%) had anastomotic leakage following stoma closure.
Conclusion: Mucous fistula refeeding is a safe method that can reduce nutritional complications and enhance growth, and reduce bowel lumen discrepancy, making the anastomosis safer during stoma closure.
Hypospadias scoring challenges: a pilot study on GMS interpretation
Authors: Atasever Hüseyin Emre , Bahadır Gökhan Berktuğ , Sürer İlhami
Published: December 2024

Aims: Hypospadias is one of the most common urological congenital anomalies. Several scoring systems have been established to create a common language for hypospadias because the severity, determined only according to meatus localisation, does not provide an accurate approach. Glans-urethral meatus shaft (GMS) scoring is one of them.
Methods: This pilot study’s purpose was to determine how to improve the GMS score (3-12) and if it would be beneficial to divide the three-part structure (mild, moderate, severe) into two groups: high and low scores. Our study was planned and conducted as a one-year prospective study, and 44 cases were included in this study.
Results: Conventional groups were regrouped as the Low score group, including GMS 3-7 scores, and the High score group, including GMS 8-12 scores. High score group was statistically significantly higher than Low score group regarding the presence of complications (p=0.021). No significant correlation was found between glans and penis measurements and development of complications.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that the simpler two-category method we proposed for the evaluation of the GMS score may also be an alternative. It suggests the need for further studies to evaluate and improve the utility of all scoring methods, including the GMS.
Anesthesia management in pediatric bronchoscopy
Authors: Demirel Akif , Yardımcı Cevdet , Polat Muhammed Nuri
Published: December 2024

Aims: The primary aim of this retrospective study is to analyze pediatric bronchoscopy cases performed under general anesthesia, evaluating the indications, findings, and adverse events.
Methods: The study included a total of 31 pediatric patients who underwent rigid and flexible bronchoscopy under general anesthesia at Bozok University Faculty of Medicine Hospital between July 1, 2018, and May 1, 2024. Demographic data, types of anesthesia, anesthetic agents, and length of hospital stay were recorded. Anesthesia management and surgical processes were described in detail.
Results: The study found that an increased duration of bronchoscopy was associated with a higher likelihood of laryngospasm and bronchospasm (p=0.049). Additionally, in line with the literature, the average age of patients included in our study who underwent bronchoscopy for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes was determined to be 33 months. The incidence of laryngospasm and bronchospasm was found to be 16.1%, which is consistent with other studies in the literature.
Conclusion: Our study indicates that foreign body aspiration occurs most commonly in male children under three years of age and that prolonged bronchoscopy durations increase the risk of laryngospasm and bronchospasm.
Effects of preoperative caudal epidural block on surgical outcomes in distal hypospadias surgery
Authors: Erten Ela , Atasever Hüseyin Emre , Korkmaz Gülenay , Ünlü Ballı Sevim Ecem , Bahadır Gökhan Berktuğ , Sürer İlhami , Demirbağ Suzi
Published: December 2024

Aims: Hypospadias is an anomaly of the urogenital system with an incidence of approximately 0.5% in children. Caudal epidural block (CEB) is one of the most preferred analgesia methods in hypospadias surgery. Recently, there have been reports in the literature about an increase in postoperative complications (especially fistula) due to CEB after hypospadias surgery. In this study, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the effect of CEB analgesia on surgical outcomes in distal hypospadias surgery performed in our center.
Methods: The study included 63 pediatric patients operated for distal hypospadias between 2020 and 2023. These patients were divided into two groups according to whether CEB was applied during surgery or not. Patients were evaluated in terms of surgical technique, age, and complications.
Results: A total of 63 pediatric surgeries with a mean age of 45.12±26.76 months and ranging from 1 to 10 years were analyzed. 63 cases with subcoronal hypospadias were included in the study. 26 cases(41.3%) underwent CEB, while 37 cases(58.7%) received intravenous analgesia (IA).The surgical complication rate in our study was 34.9%(n=22). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between CEB and IA groups.
Conclusion: In this study, there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between CEB and IA in children operated for distal hypospadias. CEB can be used as a safe pain management method in hypospadias repair. However, we think that prospectively designed studies with a larger number of patients will be more useful in clarifying the issue.
Management of spontaneous pneumothorax in children
Authors: Gördü Bilge , Soyer Tutku
Published: December 2024

Pneumothorax is defined as air or gas accumulation in the pleural cavity. It can occur spontaneously or secondary to an underlying pulmonary disease or after a trauma. Spontaneous pneumothorax has been traditionally categorized as primary or secondary. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax(PSP) affects commonly young healthy people especially tall and thin adolescent males. Secondary cases may occur in patients with underlying pulmonary disease. The main aim in the treatment of pneumothorax is to empty the air in the pleural cavity and allow the lung to re-expand. There are two main approaches for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax; non-operative management options include bed rest, oxygen supplementation with watch-and-wait option, needle aspiration and surgical management options ranges from chest tube insertion to more invasive intervention such as lung resection, pleurodesis or bullae excision via thoracoscopy or thoracotomy. There is still a lack of consensus in the diagnostic approach and treatment strategies in PSP in children.
Therefore, we aimed to review the clinical findings, radiological imagining, treatment options and surgical strategies in children with PSP.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Perempuan dalam Nikah Siri Korban KDRT (Studi di Desa Negaranabung Kecamatan Sukadana Kabupaten Lampung Timur
Authors: Fitriana Devy , Mardiantari Ani , Nur Edi Relit , Burhanuddin Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Siri marriages which are considered legally considered legally, in fact actually cause problems and losses for women, one of which is physical violence. The aim of this research is to find out the background to the occurrence of siri marriages in Negara Nabung Village, Sukadana District, East Lampung Regency and to analyze legal protection for women In the unregistered marriage of domestic violence victims, Study in Negara Nabung Village, Sukadana District, East Lampung Regency. This type of research uses qualitative and the research approach used is an empirical juridical approach, namely to analyze the problems that exist in Negara Nabung Village, Sukadana District, East Lampung Regency related to legal protection for women in unregistered marriages as a result of being victims of domestic violence. The background to the occurrence of unregistered marriages in Negara Nabung Village, Sukadana District, East Lampung Regency, namely: 1) lack of understanding of marriage registration. 2) pregnant out of wedlock. 3) there is a pattern of negative stigma related to marriage. 4) sirri marriage occurs because of mutual consent. Legal protection for women in unregistered marriages due to domestic violence is to use the provisions of Article 351 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, which is strengthened based on the elements of abuse listed in Article 351 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, namely 1) The presence of intent, 2) The presence of acts, 3 ) There are consequences of the (intended) action, pain in the body, and/or injuries to the body; and, 4) The consequences are the only goal.
Dinamika Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga: Studi Kasus Polwan Bakar Suami
Authors: Miswanto Miswanto , Fikri Arif , Bunyamin Mahmudin
Published: December 2024

This study examines the case of a female police officer who set her husband on fire, resulting in his death, with a focus on the dynamics of domestic violence (DV) and its legal implications. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study design, including legal document analysis, interviews with experts, and literature review. The findings indicate that the actions may be subject to articles in the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), such as Article 338 on manslaughter and Article 340 on premeditated murder, depending on the intent and context of the perpetrator. In addition, the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence (UU PKDRT) is also relevant in analyzing previous patterns of violence. Values in the Qur'an and principles of Islamic jurisprudence, such as the prohibition against killing and the principle of "la dharar wa la dirar" (no harm and no reciprocating harm), emphasize the importance of protecting life. The study concludes that there is a need to raise legal awareness and provide support for victims of domestic violence, as well as implement effective preventive measures to create a safe family environment. These findings are expected to contribute to efforts in ensuring fair law enforcement and the protection of human rights.