bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karakteristik Fisiko-Kimia dan Organoleptik Donat Tinggi Serat Tersubstitusi Tepung Kelapa (Cocos Nucifera L.) dengan Pemanis Daun Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana)
Authors: Kumalasari Ika Dyah , Aurisa Hafida Galuh
Published: March 2023

Tepung kelapa memiliki kadar serat yang tinggi sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku produk pangan, terutama untuk konsumen yang berisiko tinggi terhadap obesitas, kardiovaskuler dan diabetes. Daun stevia merupakan pemanis alami yang memiliki 0 kalori sehingga aman bagi penderita diabetes dan obesitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan formulasi donat tersubstitusi tepung kelapa dengan penambahan daun stevia terhadap karakteristik sifat fisiko-kimia, dan sifat organoleptik. Rancangan yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perbedaan persentase tepung kelapa dan tepung terigu yaitu A1 (100%: 0%), A2 (80%: 20%), A3 (70%: 30%), A4 (60%: 40%), A5 (50%: 50%) dengan tiga kali ulangan. Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini meliputi karakteristik fisik warna, karakteristik kimia kadar air, kadar abu, kadar serat kasar, kadar gula total, kadar karbohidrat, kadar protein, kadar lemak dan uji organoleptik tekstur, aroma, rasa dan warna. Data dianalisis dengan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan beda nyata dengan nilai kadar air terendah 11.88%  (A5), kadar abu tertinggi 0.70% (A5), kadar protein tertinggi 8.74% (A5), kadar lemak tertinggi 28.61% (A5), kadar karbohidrat tertinggi 57.93% (A1), kadar serat kasar tertinggi 12.33% (A5), lightness terendah 17.77 (A5), redness terendah -10.08 (A1), yellowness terendah 0.20 (A5), kadar gula total terendah 8.60 (A5), kalori tertinggi 517.9 pada A5. Semakin tinggi formulasi tepung kelapa berpengaruh pada peningkatan kadar abu, kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar serat kasar, kadar kalori dan aroma donat. Penerimaan donut dengan subtitusi tepung kelapa yang penerimaan mendekati cookies komersial adalah substitusi 20% tepung kelapa.
PEMBANGUNAN PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA (PLTS) ROOF TOP PADA GEDUNG GUDANG UTAMA PT PEMBANGKIT JAWA BALI UNIT MUARA KARANG
Authors: Salim Muhammad Aditya , Abdi Bangsa Insani
Published: March 2023

It should be noted that electricity demand in Indonesia reached 1,109 kWh per capita in the third quarter 2021 that figure is equivalent to 92.2% of the target in 2021 of 1,203 kWh per capita electricity consumption per capita has continued to increase since 2015 and the highest increase occurred in 2017 of 6.80% while the lowest increase occurred in 2020 of 0.4%. On-grid PLTS are solar panels and inverters. Meanwhile, off-grid PLTS works continuously independent without being connected to the PLN network. The method used in the research This is the observation method. The observation method is a data collection technique that is carried out through an observation, accompanied by notes on the situation or the behavior of the target object. The application of rooftop PV mini-grid construction in PV mini-grid projects rooftop at PT. Muara Karang PJB unit uses an on-grid system which means the PLTS system will only generate electricity when there is electricity from the grid (PLN). generated from a rooftop solar power plant (PLTS) in the main warehouse building of PT. PJB estuary unit based on the calculations carried out is 669.8496 kWh / day. Power that produced will change with the intensity of sunlight in the area, where if low intensity the power generated will be low and if the intensity is high the power generated will be high.

Perlu diketahui kebutuhan listrik di Indonesia mencapai 1.109 kWh per kapita pada kuarta III 2021 angka itu setara dengan 92,2% dari yang di targetkan pada tahun 2021 sebesar 1.203 kWh per kapita kosumsi listrik per kapita terus meningkat sejak 2015 dan peningkatan tertinggi tejadi pada tahun 2017 sebesar 6,80% sedangkan peningkatan terendah terjadi pada tahun 2020 sebesar 0,4%. PLTS on-grid adalah panel surya dan inverter. Sedangkan PLTS off-grid bekerja secara independen tanpa dihubungkan dengan ke jaringan PLN. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi.Metode observasi adalah teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukaan melalui sesuatu pengamatan, dengan disertai pencatatan-pencatatan terhadap keadaan atau prilaku objek sasaran.Penerapan pembangunan PLTS rooftop pada proyek pembangunan PLTS rooftop di PT. Unit PJB muara karang menggunakan sistem on-grid dimana berarti sistem PLTS hanya akan menghasilkan listrik ketika terdapat listrik dari jaringan (PLN).Daya maksimal yang dihasilkan dari pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) rooftop di Gedung Gudang utama PT. PJB unit muara karang bedasarkan perhituang yang dilakukan adalah 669,8496 kWh / hari. Daya yang dihassilkan akan berubah seiring intensitas cahaya matahari di daerah tersebut, di mana bila intensitas rendah daya yang dihasilkan akan rendah dan jika intensitas tinggi daya yang dihasilkan akan tinggi.
PERANCANGAN JARINGAN FIBER TO THE HOME (FTTH) MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI GOOGLE EARTH PRO
Authors: MI Muhamad Irsal , Saragih Yuliarman
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Currently the public's need for internet network access for voice, data and video services continues to increase, to run these services requires very high bandwidth and internet speed. Fiber To The Home (FTTH) is a telecommunications service architecture that utilizes optical network transmission media that supports transmission at bandwidth and internet speeds of up to 100 Mbps. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the FFTH network for areas that do not have internet network access such as the Royal Residence Karawang housing, the development of the FFTH network requires a good design in order to determine the number of devices needed and minimize the use of costs. To design the FTTH Network, the Google Earth Pro application is used to determine the area of ​​the Polygon, the coordinates of the Optical Distribution Point, Poles and Optical Distribution Cabinet. In designing, determining the number of devices and the coordinates of the devices to be installed.

Keywords: FTTH; Google Earth Pro; Telecommunication

 

 

ABSTRAK

Saat ini kebutuhan masyarakat akan akses jaringan internet untuk layanan suara, data dan video terus meningkat, untuk menjalankan layanan tersebut membutuhkan bandwidth dan kecepatan internet yang sangat tinggi. Fiber To The Home (FTTH) adalah arsitektur layanan telekomunikasi yang memanfaatkan media transmisi jaringan optik yang mendukung transmisi pada bandwidth dan kecapatan internet mencapai 100 Mbps. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengembangan jaringan FFTH untuk daerah yang belum memiliki akses jaringan internet seperti perumahan Royal Residence Karawang, pengembangan jaringan FFTH memerlukan desain yang baik agar dapat menentukan jumlah perangkat yang dibutuhkan dan meminimalkan penggunaan biaya. Untuk merancang Jaringan FTTH, digunakan aplikasi Google Earth Pro untuk menentukan luas Polygon, koordinat Optical Distribution Point, Tiang dan Optical Distribution Cabinet. Dalam melakukan perancangan dilakukan penentuan jumlah perangkat dan koordinat perangkat yang akan dipasang.

Kata Kunci: FTTH; Google Earth Pro; Telekomunikasi
PERANCANGAN SISTEM MONITORING JARAK JAUH PADA SMART AGRICULTURE SYSTEM
Authors: Pangestu Abie , Latifa Ulinnuha , Nurpulaela Lela
Published: March 2023

The seeding process is the process of making seeds into seedlings that are ready to plant.The seeding process serves to produce quality seedlings and serves to reduce the death that occurs in the seeds.To produce quality seedlings, favorable environmental conditions are needed to maintain factors that affect the results of the seeding process.Internet of Things technology in agriculture can help in monitoring crop growth, monitoring can be done anywhere and anytime.Monitoring plant growth conditions is done by sending data from microcontrollers, namely NodeMCU ESP32 to the Database, namely Google Firebase and then the android application takes the data in the database and displays the data processing results.Creating a plant growth monitoring application that has a user-friendly design and a good level of data delivery accuracy is expected to be able to improve the quality of rice seedlings.The use of Internet of Things transmission for the transmission of data from microcontrollers to applications was declared successful.The data sent has an accuracy rate of 100% of each data sent.Applications or user interfaces are able to provide important information for users to more easily understand products and about sowing rice.The application is able to display real-time data transmitted by microcontrollers accurately.
Penggunaan Bioprotektan Ruminansia untuk Peningkat Performan dan Manajemen Kesehatan pada Sapi Madura di Kecamatan Burneh, Bangkalan, Jawa Timur
Authors: Solfaine Rondius , Rahmawati Indra , Desiandura Kurnia
Published: March 2023

Tujuan program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini meningkatkan performan sapi madura melalui teknik penambahan bioprotektan dan perbaikan manajemen kesehatan kelompok ternak sapi di daerah Bangkalan Jawa Timur. Kegiatan kemitraan ini diharapkan meningkatkan produktivitas dan kemandirian peternak sapi potong dalam upaya menyediakan kebutuhan daging sapi yang mencukupi dan lebih berkualitas. Secara khusus program ini bertujuan untuk mencari alternatif pemecahan masalah rendahnya performan dan produktivitas sapi potong akibat penyediaan pakan yang berkualitas rendah, terutama di musim kemarau dan di daerah rawan pakan ternak. Kegiatan ini dilakukan pada kelompok ternak di desa Binoh, kecamatan Burneh Madura Jawa Timur. Kelompok peternak sapi diberikan kegiatan dalam peningkatan pengetahuan peternakan dan kesehatan hewan melalui kegiatan pembinaan dan penyuluhan, aplikasi penggunaan bioprotektan untuk ruminan, pengendalian higienitas efektif kandang dan produk daging. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan kemitraan masyarakat ini dilakukan dalam tiga tahap kegiatan meliputi: (1) Orientasi lokasi sasaran, (2) Edukasi penyuluhan untuk meningkatkan penge­tahuan tentang beternak dan manajemen Kesehatan ternak terutama sapi, (3) Pelatihan dari hasil penyuluhan guna meningkatkan keterampilan dan ke­mampuan dalam pengelolaan  ternak dan (4) Pelayanan kesehatan hewan dengan konsep penerapan teknologi hasil penelitian yang diaplikasikan dalam pelayanan masyarakat dalam program kegiatan. Program peng­abdian masyarakat ini dengan identifikasi masalah dan solusi dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas peternakan sapi potong Madura.
Pelaksanaan Program Pembiasaan Sumbang Duo Baleh di PAUD khairunnisa TP PKK kabupaten Pasaman
Authors: Firdausa Nadila , Pransiska Rismareni
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana Pelaksanaan  Program Pembiasaan Sumbang Duo Baleh di PAUD Khairunnisa TP PKK Kabupaten Pasaman. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Kualitatif deskriptif. Paud Khairunnisa TP PKK Kabupaten Pasaman melaksanakan Program Pembiasaan Sumbang Duo Baleh sebagai kurikulum muatan lokal yang bertujuan untuk menanamkan nilai perilaku positif kepada anak sejak usia dini dengan mengangkatkan kearifan budaya lokal Minangkabau. Dalam pelaksanaanmya guru menyusun perencanaan tertulis seperti rancangan kegiatan harian, kemudian guru merancang media pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan  tema, sub tema, serta guru juga merancang evaluasi kegiatan pembelajaran. pelaksanaan kegiatan pembelajaran program sumbang duo baleh ini di PAUD Khairunnisa TP PKK kabupaten Pasaman dilaksanakan secara terintegrasi dengan pembelajaran mulai dari kegiatan pembukaan, kegiatan inti dan kegiatan penutup melalui pembiasaan- pembiasaan yang diberikan oleh guru. Evaluasi pembelajaran program pembiasaan sumbang duo baleh di PAUD Khairunnisa TP PKK Kabupaten Pasaman Penilaian hasil pembelajaran program pembiasaan duo baleh ini diberikan oleh guru dengan penilaian harian dan penilaian semester.
A Scientific Learning Model for Interest and Science Process Skills
Authors: Ernawati M. Dwi Wiwik , Asrial Asrial , Perdana Rahmat , Pratama Wahyu Adi , Septi Sabila Eka
Published: March 2023

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the differences in science process skills and student interest in science subjects regarding environmental pollution with project based learning and problem solving models for students in grades 7A and 7 B at SMPN 8 Muaro Jambi. This research is a survey research, this study uses quantitative data analysis with the help of SPSS statistics 25, to find descriptive statistics , test assumptions and test hypotheses . The results obtained from this study with a sample of 70 students from SMPN 8 Batanghari in Batanghari district. The subjects taken were grades 7A and 7 B which consisted of 40 women and 30 men. Based on the T-test of science process skills and students' interest in the science subject matter of environmental pollution with the project based learning model and problem solving for students in grades 7A and 7 B, it was concluded that there were differences in science process skills and students' interest in science subjects with the model project based learning and Problem Solving students in grades 7A and 7 B.
The Effectiveness of MPI BeWe to Improve the Learning Quality of Prospective Elementary School Teachers in the Elementary Teacher Education Study Program (PGSD) FKIP Unsri
Authors: Fathurohman Apit , Susiloningsih Esti
Published: March 2023

The Web-Based Interactive Learning Multimedia (MPI BeWe) has been successfully developed for students of the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program (PGSD) for the subject of Science Basic Concepts. 1. The problem raised in this research is how to develop Web-Based Interactive Learning Multimedia (MPI BeWe) to improve the quality of learning for elementary school teacher candidates in the PGSD Study Program FKIP Unsri. This study aims to improve the quality of the learning process for the Basic Science Concept course in the Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program (PGSD). The method used in this research is a quasi-experimental method. The research design used is the One-Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The sampling technique used is the Cluster Random Sampling (CRS) technique. The instruments used in this study were pretest and posttest with multiple choice techniques, observation sheets, and questionnaires in the form of student responses to learning using web-based interactive multimedia learning (MPI BeWe). The application of web-based interactive multimedia learning (MPI BeWe) shows the effectiveness of learning for first semester students of the PGSD study program. This can be seen from the increase in the percentage results of the average value of the pretest and posttest results and the increase in the results of the average gain g>. Thus, it can be concluded that there is an effective application of web-based interactive learning multimedia (MPI BeWe).
Peran Guru dan Orang Tua dalam Pembiasaan Makan Makanan Sehat pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Jatmikowati Tri Endang , Nuraini Kristi , Winarti Dyah Retno , Adwitiya Asti Bhawika
Published: March 2023

Pemahaman anak tentang makanan sehat dan bergizi perlu mendapat dukungan dari guru dan orang tua. Penelitian terhadap siswa kelompok B3 TK ABA 4 Mangli, Kaliwates Kabupaten Jember yang dilaksanakan  pada Juni 2019 bertujuan mengetahui peran guru dan orangtua dalam mengenalkan makanan sehat gizi seimbang pada anak. Pendekatan diskriptif kualitatif diterapkan dalam penelitian ini dengan metode pengumpulan data melalui observasi, dan wawancara. Data berupa diskripsi aktivitas siswa, dan hasil wawancara dengan guru dan wali murid. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ada sejumlah siswa yang membawa bekal bukan makanan sehat. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya peningkatan pemahaman tentang pentingnya makanan sehat dan bergizi  kepada anak secara klasikal yang mana hal tersebut disambut baik oleh orang tua.  Ini terbukti dengan adanya menu bekal siswa yang lebih sehat dan bervariasi. Peran guru dan dukungan orang tua melalui pembiasaan makan makanan sehat gizi seimbang dalam penyediaan menu sehari-hari ataupun bekal siswa ke sekolah merupakan upaya nyata guna peningkatan pemahaman siswa.
Experimental Study on the Behavior of Square-Skirted Foundation Rested on Gypseous soil Under Inclined Load
Authors: Abd-Alhameed Hind Jamal , Al-Busoda Bushra Suhale
Published: March 2023

This work investigates experimentally the effect of using a skirt with a square foundation of 100 mm width resting on dry gypseous soil (i.e., loose soil with 33% relative density), and subjected to an inclined load. Previous works did not study the use square skirted foundation rested on gypseous soil and subjected to inclined load. The investigated soil was brought from Tikrit city with 59% gypsum content. Standard physical and chemical tests on selected soil were carried out. Model laboratory tests were carried out to determine the effect of using a skirt with a square foundation on the load-settlement behavior of gypseous soil and subjected to inclined load with various Skirt depth (Ds) to foundation width (B) ratio Ds/B (0,0.5,1, and1.5). The results show that using a skirt with a square foundation improves load-carrying capacity and reduces settlement of foundation rested on loose gypseous soil and the amount of improvement increase with increasing skirt depth to foundation width Ds/B. Bearing capacity improved by about (193) %, and Settlement ratio (Sᵣ) reduced from (1) % for square foundation without a skirt to (0.14) at Ds/B, equal to 1.5 at θ =0° with the y-axis (Where θ is the inclination angle of the applied load); and bearing capacity improved by about (162) % for the square skirted foundation with Ds/B, equal to 1.5 and θ =15° with the y-axis.
Recycled Concrete Aggregated for the use in Roller Compacted Concrete: A Literature Review
Authors: Khalid Mustafa Q. , Abbas Zena K.
Published: March 2023

The using of recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste (CDW) can preserve natural aggregate resources, reduce the demand for landfill, and contribute to a sustainable built environment. Concrete demolition waste has been proven to be an excellent source of aggregates for new concrete production. At a technical, economic, and environmental level, roller compacted concrete (RCC) applications benefit various civil construction projects. Roller Compacted Concrete (RCC) is a homogenous mixture that is best described as a zero-slump concrete placed with compacting equipment, uses in storage areas, dams, and most often as a basis for rigid pavements. The mix must be sufficiently dry to support the weight of vibratory machinery while still being sufficiently moist to enough paste binder dispersion throughout the mass for efficient compaction. Limited studies into the use of RCC with fine recycled aggregate not from pavements are figured. This study aims to see how well-recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) perform in RCC mixtures. Also how well waste concrete could be used as a fine and coarse aggregate substitute in roller-compacted concrete pavement mixes, to create a good concrete mix in both wet and firm phases. The test results of mechanical properties showed 10% RCA is similar to those in the reference mix in the compressive strength, a 100% RCA ratio reduces compressive strength by almost 30%. Comparing Reference mix and Recycled concrete by 30% replacement, the compressive strength drops by just 6% when the RCA ratio is 30%.
A Solution to the Duration Problem of Daniel 12:11-12
Authors: Lightner Charles
Published: March 2023

  

The last few verses of the Hebrew book of Daniel are famously difficult. Among other issues, they present a duration problem that has long seemed intractable. But they also contain a key that provides a solution to the problem. That key is found in the lack of parallelism between the Aramaic expression of Dan 7:25b and the Hebrew expression of Dan 12:7b. The solution it allows is both accessible and expected. The author of Daniel created in his closing verses a mechanism to convey his view of the proper cultic calendar. That view places him securely among the other writers of early Jewish apocalypse and the authors of much of the sectarian and non-sectarian literature of the second century BCE. That mechanism and the solution it reveals are the subjects of this paper.
Inflation and Stock Market Returns: An Empirical Study of Sectoral Indices with Special Reference to India
Authors: Ali Khurshid , Malik Irshad Ahmad , Chisti Khalid Ashraf , Showkat Numaira
Published: March 2023

In this study an attempt has been undertaken so as to establish the relationship between sectoral indices returns and inflation numbers. In order to achieve the objective of the study, all the sectoral indices have been taken in the study except two (02) indices because they were introduced in the National Stock Exchange in the recent past and, therefore, their data is not available for the whole reference period of the study. The indices that are in the study are, (CNX Auto Index, CNX Bank Index, CNX Energy Index, CNX Finance Index, CNX FMCG Index, CNX IT Index, CNX Metal Index, CNX MNC Index, CNX Pharma Index, CNX PSU Bank Index). The study took eight years of reference period throughout which all the indices that are included in the sample were available. The researchers have employed Pearson correlation method so as to establish the relationship between inflation and sectoral indices returns. The findings of the study put forth that most of the indices do possess statistically significant relationship with inflation numbers.
Improving Kernels Using Interposable Methodologies
Authors: Albrecht Johannes
Published: March 2023

In recent years, much research has been devoted to the improvement of reinforcement learning; contrarily, few have emulated the analysis of superpages. Given the current status of optimal archetypes, researchers shockingly desire the construction of the memory bus, which embodies the unfortunate principles of exhaustive machine learning. We construct new unstable technology, which we call Asci.
Model Bisnis di Tangan Woman Entrepreneur
Authors: Rahmadina Casilda Aulia
Published: March 2023

Woman entrepreneur sering dikaitkan dengan isu kesetaraan gender. Menurut penulis, sebenarnya dalam berwirausaha tidak memandang gender sebagai poin utamanya. Jika dikaitkan dengan pembuatan model bisnis, karakteristik yang harus dimiliki seorang entrepreneur memegang peranan yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan perbedaan gender. Dalam membuat model bisnis yang diharapkan dapat bertahan lama, gender bukan merupakan faktor penting yang akan mempengaruhi model bisnis. Wanita dapat membuat model bisnis yang sustainable dengan kegigihan, ketekunan, dan pemahamannya sendiri terkait bisnis yang dijalankan.
Home Business & Business Model
Authors: Ningsih Anisa Widya
Published: March 2023

Home business merupakan bisnis atau perusahaan yang skalanya kecil yangdilakukan atau dioperasikan di rumahan. Atau bisa juga disebut sebagai bisnis rumahan,dalam beberapa besar bagian, bisnis rumahan rata-rata tidak memiliki karyawan yangbanyak dan beberapa karyawan yang bekerja di suatu organisasi seperti itu, biasanyamelakukan pekerjaan dari rumah yang beroperasi sebagai subkontraktor.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring in a Healthy Population: Understanding the Post-Prandial Glycemic Response in Individuals without Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jarvis Paul , Cardin Jessica L , Bede Pamela M Nisevich , McCarter James P
Published: March 2023

Continuous glucose monitoring has become a common adjunct in the management of Diabetes Mellitus. However, there has been a recent trend among individuals without diabetes using these devices as a means of monitoring their health. The increased visibility of glucose data has allowed users to study the effect lifestyle has upon post-prandial glucose levels. Although post-prandial hyperglycemia is well understood in the setting of diabetes, its impact in individuals without diabetes is less well defined. This article reviews those factors which contribute to post-prandial hyperglycemia in individuals without diabetes and how the data obtained from continuous glucose monitoring can be used to improve an individual’s metabolic health.
Adolescents’ Beliefs About What Symptoms Constitute Depression: Are More Expansive Definitions Helpful or Harmful?
Authors: Ahuvia Isaac , Fox Kathryn , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: March 2023

Purpose. What symptoms do adolescents think constitute “depression”? In a mental health literacy framework, knowing more of depression’s symptoms (per formal psychiatric diagnostic criteria) is adaptive, as it helps people identify and seek help for depression. However, the common-sense model of self-regulation suggests that more expansive beliefs about what symptoms constitute an illness may be maladaptive, whereby viewing more symptoms as characterizing a disorder predicts greater functional impairment. Methods. We conducted a pair of studies with U.S. adolescents experiencing elevated depression symptoms (total N = 387), collecting data on symptom beliefs and outcomes via online questionnaires. Results. Adolescents’ beliefs about what symptoms constitute depression varied widely; across both studies, adolescents reported 115 different symptom combinations, and only 42% endorsed all DSM-5 depression symptoms as characterizing the disorder. Adolescents who identified more symptoms as belonging to depression had more severe depression symptoms (p = .004), reported more hopelessness (p = .021), and were more pessimistic about the permanence of depression (p = .007); they were also more likely to rate medication as potentially helpful (p = .001). Limitations. This study used a checklist approach to measure beliefs about what symptoms constitute depression, which limits direct comparison to research using other measurement approaches (e.g., vignette methods). Conclusion. These findings simultaneously support and challenge elements of both the common-sense model and the mental health literacy framework. Future research should seek to explain why adolescents with more psychiatrically-accurate understandings of depression experience worse clinical outcomes.
Introducing mindset streams to investigate stances towards STEM in high school students and experts
Authors: Brian Kieran , Stella Massimo
Published: March 2023

We introduce mindset streams for assessing ways of bridging two target concepts in concept maps. We focus on behavioural forma mentis networks (BFMN), which map the associative and affective dimensions of memory recalls. Inspired by trains of thoughts taking several paths to link ideas, mindset streams are defined as BFMN subgraphs induced by all shortest paths between two target concepts, e.g. all recalls in shortest paths bridging "math" and "learning". These streams quantify the following features of the mindset encoded in a BFMN: (i) semantic content (i.e. which ideas mediate connections between targets?), (ii) valence coherence/conflict (i.e. are connections mediated by entwining ideas perceived negatively, positively or neutrally?), and (iii) semantic relevance (i.e. are the bridges between targets peripheral or central for the connectivity/betweenness of the BFMN?). We investigate mindset streams between "maths"/"physics" and key motivational aspects of learning ("fun","work","failure") in two BFMNs, encoding how 159 students and 59 experts perceived and associated concepts about Science Technology Engineering and Maths (STEM), respectively. Statistical comparisons against configuration models show that high schoolers bridge "maths" and "fun" only through overabundant levels of valence-conflicting associations, contrasting negatively perceived domain knowledge with peer-related positive experiences. This conflict is absent in the researchers' mindset stream, which rather bridges "math" and "fun" through positive, science-related associations. The mindset streams of both groups bridge "maths" and "physics" to "work" through mostly positive career-related jargon. Students' mindset streams of "failure" and "math"/"physics" are dominated by negative associations with test anxiety, whereas researchers integrate "failure" and "math"/"physics" in semantically richer and more positive contexts, denoting failure itself as a cornerstone of STEM learning. We discuss our findings and future research directions in view of relevant psychology/education literature.
Facial dominance augments perceived proximity: Evidence from a visual illusion
Authors: Fang Wei , Galusca Cristina Ioana , WangZhe  , Sun Yu-Hao Patrick , Pascalis Olivier , Xiao Naiqi G
Published: March 2023

Dominance is a major organizing principle of human societies that impacts a wide range of human behaviors, from gaze-following to voting choices. Here, we examined how dominance modulates a fundamental perceptual ability: the perception of proximity. We used the “Fat Face” illusion, a novel paradigm that measures perceived proximity implicitly. The illusion depicts a phenomenon that occurs when two identical faces are aligned vertically (one above the other) and the bottom face consistently appears larger. This illusion suggests that our visual system uses a vertical layout to infer the relative proximity of faces, so that the bottom face appears closer, and is thereby perceived as larger than the top one. We found that the illusion was larger for dominant than for submissive faces (Experiment 1). Moreover, when a dominant face was presented below a submissive one, participants reported a larger illusion than when a dominant face was above a submissive face (Experiments 2a & 2b). These findings suggest that dominant faces are perceived to be closer to observers than submissive faces. Furthermore, we found a stronger illusion for other-race faces as opposed to own-race faces, suggesting that we also misperceive other-race faces as closer than own-race faces. Together, these findings suggest that the visual system is highly sensitive to self-relevant, potentially threatening stimuli (e.g., dominant faces and other-race individuals) in the environment by misperceiving them as closer. In line with a recently proposed threat-signal hypothesis, this mechanism may allow for rapid and adaptive behaviors in our everyday social interactions.
The structure of mass political belief systems: A network approach to understanding the Left-Right spectrum
Authors: Bentall Richard , Zavlis Orestis , Hyland Philip , McBride Orla , Bennett Kate Mary , Hartman Todd K.
Published: March 2023

Philip Converse, one of the most influential political scientists of the twentieth century, argued that mass belief systems were comprised of networks of highly intercorrelated propositions among ideological voters but less so in non-ideological voters. We used recent advances in network psychometrics to test this model in a representative sample of 2,058 adults living in the UK, who placed themselves on the left-right dimension and then reported their attitudes toward 18 different political issues. As Converse had predicted, the networks of those at either end of the left-right continuum were significantly more interconnected than the networks of those who placed themselves in the center. We identified three communities of beliefs corresponding to traditional definitions of right-wing authoritarianism, interpersonal liberalism (focused on society), and intrapersonal liberalism (focused on the individual). Importantly, these clusters did not match common one- or two-factor liberal-conservative solutions. Consistent with the literature, child- rearing preferences were positively associated with the authoritarian community while negatively associated with both interpersonal and intrapersonal liberalism. Interestingly, attitudes towards gay rights had the highest predictability index and was the most central node in the Right and Center belief systems, suggesting that attitudes toward same- sex couples play a particularly important role in ideological positioning.
Measuring semantic memory using associative and dissociative retrieval tasks
Authors: Marko Martin , Michalko Drahomír , Kubinec Adam , Riečanský Igor
Published: March 2023

The study introduces the Associative-Dissociative Retrieval Task (ADT), developed to assess the automatic (free–associative) and controlled (dissociative/inhibitory) semantic memory functions, detailing its theoretical background and psychometric characteristics. Based on data from 102 healthy young adults who completed three parallel forms of the task, we show that retrieving semantically dissociated concepts requires substantially more time than delivering free associations, providing support for elevated processing demands on inhibition. Moreover, the retrieval latencies in the two retrieval conditions, and their difference (i.e., the inhibition cost), were identical and strongly correlated across the parallel forms, confirming excellent reliability, homogeneity, and short-term temporal stability of the ADT measures. Furthermore, we created a set of 120 standard word stimuli and assessed their psycholinguistic and associative features to identify those influencing the retrieval performance, enabling other researchers to tailor item selection according to their needs. This in-depth stimulus-level analysis revealed that retrieving related concepts is easier for words that evoke few but strong associates (i.e., high potency stimuli), yet such propensity may hamper the inhibition. The construct validity of the ADT measures was further supported by subsequent analyses demonstrating moderate to strong correlations with measures assessing semantic processing and long-term memory retrieval (semantic verbal fluency and associative combination) but non-significant or weak correlations with domain-general cognitive capacities (processing speed and working memory). These findings allow us to conclude that ADT provides simple yet potent and psychometrically sound measures of semantic memory retrieval that bear several noteworthy features and potential advantages over the currently available assessment methods.
Context changes judgments of liking and predictability for melodies
Authors: Albury Alexander William , Bianco Roberta , Gold Benjamin , Penhune Virginia
Published: March 2023

Predictability plays an important role in the experience of musical pleasure. By leveraging expectations, music induces pleasure through tension and surprise. However, musical predictions draw on both prior knowledge and immediate context. Similarly, musical pleasure, which has been shown to depend on predictability, may also vary relative to the individual and context. Although research has demonstrated the influence of both long-term knowledge and stimulus features in influencing expectations, it is unclear how perceptions of a melody are influenced by comparisons to other music pieces heard in the same context. To examine the effects of context we compared how listeners’ judgments of two distinct sets of stimuli differed when they were presented alone or in combination. Stimuli were excerpts from Western music and artificial, experimenter created melodies. Separate groups of participants rated liking and predictability for each set of stimuli alone and in combination. We found that when heard together, the natural stimuli were more liked and rated as less predictable than if they were heard alone, with the opposite pattern being observed for the artificial stimuli. This effect was driven by a change in each stimulus set between ratings in the Alone and Combined conditions. This demonstrates a context-based shift of predictability ratings and derived pleasure, suggesting that judgments stem not only from the physical properties of the stimulus, but also vary relative to other options available in the immediate context. This suggests that musical expectations are intertwined with the experience of pleasure and based on integration of contextual information at different time scales.
Parental Stress and Coping Mechanisms in Rearing Children with Intellectual Disability: A Study Conducted in Kathmandu
Authors: Shrestha Amrita , Adhikari Rajdevi , Pokhrel Gopal
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The birth of a child with an intellectual disability is the most traumatic event experienced by the parents and their families. The main objective of this study is to identify parental stress and coping in rearing children with intellectual disabilities in Kathmandu valley.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 222 parents (either mothers or fathers) of children with an intellectual disability visiting nine organizations selected through probability proportionate to size sampling.  Data were collected through interview techniques using the Nepali-translated Parental Stress Scale and cope tool developed.

Results: Maximum respondents (76.1%) were mothers with an overall mean age of 46.28±12.73 years. The major stress expressed was anxiety-related to a child's future after parents' death (19.8%) and most used coping measure was sharing feelings (44.6%) were expressed as major stress and coping measures used respectively. The overall mean score of parental stress was 64.58±9.22 and parental coping was 106.45±9.72. Maximum respondents have a moderate level of stress (54.5%) followed by severe stress (43.2%) and a moderate level of coping (86.9%) followed by a maximum level of coping (13.1%). There was a significant association of level of stress with relationship to the child, parent’s education, and presence of co-disability in the intellectually disabled child. There was a significant association of level of coping with parents’ education.

Conclusion: Maximum respondents had a moderate level of stress and a moderate level of coping mechanisms. Parental stress was high in mothers, illiterate parents, and parents having an intellectually disabled child of 17 years or younger. Parental coping was high among Hindu and literate parents.
Impact of Training Program to Nurses Regarding Complementary Feeding in Infant and Young Children: An Educational Interventional Study
Authors: Kayastha Pawana , Mathema Smriti , Chikanbanjar Vijaya , Manandhar Sunil Raja
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Under nutrition is an underlying cause of more than one third of global deaths in children below the age of 5 years. Nutrition education is a critical strategy of intervention to improve child complementary feeding practices which will subsequently decrease mortality and morbidity of under-5 children.

Objective: To determine the knowledge of nurses on complementary feeding practices and also provide appropriate training and verify its effectiveness.

Method: It is a hospital based educational interventional study. The time-series was from October 2021 to march 2022 included 24 nursing staff. The nurses underwent one-day training on complementary feeding practices in infant. They were evaluated periodically on their knowledge at four different time points. The effectiveness of training was calculated based on the change in scores, as per mean numeric scores, immediately, 1 and 6 months after the training.

Result: The nurses showed high competence by obtaining above average scores (100%) by all participant immediately after training and remained so after 1 month. The mean test score obtained before training was 15.3 which increased to 23 after training, 21.9 after 1 month and 17.8 after 6 months of training. The differences in mean were statistically significant (p value 0.000).

Conclusion: This training intervention improved knowledge of nurses regarding complementary feeding practices, but improvements need to be strengthened and sustained.
Efficacy of morning-only dose compared with split-dose polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution in bowel cleansing for afternoon colonoscopy
Authors: Shrestha Roshan , Karki Sanjit , Sharma Yuba Raj
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The efficacy of colonoscopy in detecting abnormalities within the colon is highly dependent on the adequacy of the bowel preparation. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability of morning only dose vs split-dose administration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution for colon cleansing in patients undergoing afternoon colonoscopy.

Method: This was a comparative study conducted in Department of Medicine, Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), Patan Hospital, Nepal from November 2021 to June 2022. The ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee. Informed consent was taken from the patients. Patients aged >18 y undergoing elective colonoscopy were randomly assigned to one of the two bowel preparation regimens- morning only or split-dose of PEG. The adequacy of bowel preparation was assessed by the endoscopist using Boston Bowel Preparation scale. Preparation to colonoscopy (PC) interval, adverse events and risk factors for poor bowel preparations were noted.

Result: In this study, 110 patients were included in the final analysis- 55 received morning only regimen and 55 received split-dose. Mean Boston bowel preparation scales of Morning only and Split-dose regimen were 7.60 and 7.09 respectively (p= 0.019). Split-dose group had significant sleep disturbances compared to Morning only regimen (p< 0.001), whereas nausea occurred significantly more often in Morning only regimen (p=0.012). Preparation to colonoscopy interval between 4-6 hours resulted in better bowel cleansing compared to PC interval of greater than 6 hours.

Conclusion: Morning-only bowel preparation is more effective than Split-dose for achieving adequate colon cleansing for afternoon colonoscopy.
Factors predicting early re-bleeding and in-hospital mortality after acute variceal hemorrhage in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Shrestha Roshan , Karki Sanjit , Sharma Yuba Raj
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Risk factors for early re-bleeding and in-hospital mortality following acute variceal hemorrhage (AVH) are incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to find out the risk factors for early re-bleeding within 5 days and in-hospital mortality after AVH in patients with cirrhosis.

Method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Department of Medicine, Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences (PAHS), Nepal from July 2021 to June 2022. The ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee-PAHS. Informed consent was taken from the patients. Patients aged >18 y with diagnosed case of liver cirrhosis and endoscopy confirmed variceal bleeding were enrolled. All cases of early re-bleeding within 5 days and in-hospital outcome were recorded.

Result: In this study total 72 patients were enrolled. The mean age of our patients was 51.68 y. Sixty seven (93%) of the patients improved, 3(4.16%) had early re-bleeding and 5(6.9%) died during the same hospital admission. Univariate analysis showed that early re-bleeding was significantly associated with the high PT/INR (p<0.001) and high Child-Turcotte Pugh (CTP) score (p=0.032), whereas in-hospital mortality of patients was significantly associated with low Protein (p=0.044), high CTP score (p=0.041), high Model for End stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (p=0.002) and presence of gastric varices (p=0.008).

Conclusion: High PT/INR and high CTP score are the risk factors of early re-bleeding after AVH in cirrhotic patients. Low Protein, high CTP and MELD scores, and presence of gastric varices are the factors associated with in-hospital mortality in these patients.
Z perspektywy dziecka. Motyw ogrodu w opowieściach pisanych przez ocalonych z Shoah
Authors: Warońska-Gęsiarz Joanna
Published: March 2023

W artykule autorka zastanawia się nad motywem ogrodu obecnym w książkach napisanych z perspektywy dziecka przez ocalonych z Shoah przedstawicieli zamożnych spolonizowanych rodzin żydowskich. Jako materiał do analizy posłużyły powstałe pod koniec XX wieku: powieść Romy Ligockiej Dziewczynka w czerwonym płaszczyku oraz wspomnienia – Janiny Bauman Zima o poranku i Utracone dzieciństwo Yehudy Nira.Występujący w wybranych książkach ogród to miejsce silnie oddziałujące na bohaterów, miejsce rzeczywiste lub obecne w opowieściach i poznawane w procesie lektury (np. Tajemniczy ogród Frances Hodges Burnett). Kształt tej przestrzeni określają ludzie, założyciele i spadkobiercy, zawodowi ogrodnicy, ale także przypadkowi użytkownicy czy nawet barbarzyńcy i wandale. W analizowanych książkach występują: miejski park, ogród botaniczny, ogrody rodzinne, ogródki działkowe, wreszcie ogródek warzywny. Niektóre z nich istnieją wyłącznie jako nazwy, inne są opisane bardziej szczegółowo, a nawet zdają się współuczestniczyć w losach bohaterów. To przestrzenie ważne dla topografii miasta, historii rodziny albo jednostki. Wyznaczają miejsca akcji, determinują, ale i projektują zachowania bohaterów, wreszcie stają się świadectwem tego, co minione. Przywoływane we wspomnieniach i opowieściach o czasach zagłady potwierdzają swoje znaczenie w wojennym życiu dzieci i młodocianych.
DEVELOPMENT OF A REGRESSION MODEL TO FORECAST AIR TRAVEL DEMAND AT BAGHDAD INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Authors: S. Albayati Rawaa , N. Zehawi Raquim
Published: March 2023

The civil aviation demand forecast is a carefully formed perspective for airport system activities. Its main use is to predict possible needs for the planning and financial management processes for air carriers and civil aviation authorities. It is vital to conduct frequent analyses and projections of demand in order to meet their customers' expectations by balancing supply and demand and staying abreast of the ever-changing aviation industry. The purpose of this paper is to establish a mathematical relationship between the socioeconomic explanatory factors such as (population, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), consumption expenditure, rate of exchange, industry, imports, and exports) and activities (passenger movements and aircraft operations) at Baghdad International Airport in order to develop an econometric model. The required data had been collected for the past ten years. Eight models were developed depending on one or more of the explanatory variables using SPSS software, and they were then subjected to cross-comparison to see which model was more robust. According to the findings of the statistics, the gross domestic product, population size, and consumption expenditure are the most appropriate explanatory variables that have a significant impact on these activities, where they had a high R2 and F-statistics value equal to 90% and 73.442, respectively, for the model of air passengers and GDP and 90% and 48.737 for the model of flight operations and GDP.
PERFORMANCE OF CORRODED THIN-WALLED STEEL TUBULAR COLUMNS FILLED WITH CONCRETE UNDER DIRECT MONOTONIC LOADING
Authors: Yawer Zainab Faiq , Aziz Ali Hameed
Published: March 2023

The current experimental work investigates the structural behavior of steel tubular columns filled with concrete (STCFC) subjected to corrosion conditions as well as direct axial and uniaxial loading. To find out the ultimate capacity for bearing corroded columns, eight steel tubular square columns filled with normal strength concrete (NSC) having a cross-section of (100×100mm), a thickness of (1.5mm) and a length of (1000-1200mm) were tested under concentric and eccentric loads. The main variables that were adopted in this experiment are the column type (slender or short), the type of the applied loads (concentric or eccentric), and the thickness of the steel columns (before and after corrosion). The experimental results indicated that, after the steel columns were exposed to (5%) dilute sulfuric acid for (8 days), it was found that the thickness of the steel columns had decreased by about (55%), which led to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the tested corroded steel columns by about (48% and 43%) for slender columns subjected to concentric and eccentric loads respectively, and by about (47% and 44%) for short columns subjected to concentric and eccentric loads respectively.