bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel perspective on the selection of an effective approach to reduce road traffic accidents under Fermatean fuzzy settings
Authors: Alghazzawi Dilshad , Noor Aqsa , Alolaiyan Hanan , Khalifa Hamiden Abd El-Wahed , Alburaikan Alhanouf , Xin Qin , Razaq Abdul
Published: May 2024

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) pose a significant hazard to the security of the general public, especially in developing nations. A daily average of more than three thousand fatalities is recorded worldwide, rating it as the second most prevalent cause of death among people aged 5–29. Precise and reliable decisionmaking techniques are essential for identifying the most effective approach to mitigate road traffic incidents. This research endeavors to investigate this specific concern. The Fermatean fuzzy set (FFS) is a strong and efficient method for addressing ambiguity, particularly when the concept of Pythagorean fuzzy set fails to provide a solution. This research presents two innovative aggregation operators: the Fermatean fuzzy ordered weighted averaging (FFOWA) operator and the Fermatean fuzzy dynamic ordered weighted geometric (FFOWG) operator. The salient characteristics of these operators are discussed and important exceptional scenarios are thoroughly delineated. Furthermore, by implementing the suggested operators, we develop a systematic approach to handle multiple attribute decisionmaking (MADM) scenarios that involve Fermatean fuzzy (FF) data. In order to show the viability of the developed method, we provide a numerical illustration encompassing the determination of the most effective approach to alleviate road traffic accidents. Lastly, we conduct a comparative evaluation of the proposed approach in relation to a number of established methodologies.
The Ang-(1–7)/MasR axis ameliorates neuroinflammation in hypothermic traumatic brain injury in mice by modulating phenotypic transformation of microglia
Authors: Ye Dan , Liu Jiamin , Lin Long , Hou Pengwei , Feng Tianshun , Wang Shousen
Published: May 2024

The Ang-(1–7)/MasR axis is critically involved in treating several diseases; For example, Ang-(1–7) improves inflammatory response and neurological function after traumatic brain injury and inhibits post-inflammatory hypothermia. However, its function in traumatic brain injury (TBI) combined with seawater immersion hypothermia remains unclear. Here, we used a mice model of hypothermic TBI and a BV2 cell model of hypothermic inflammation to investigate whether the Ang-(1–7)/MasR axis is involved in ameliorating hypothermic TBI. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR, western blotting assay, and immunofluorescence assay were performed to confirm microglia polarization and cytokine regulation. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, Nissl staining, and immunohistochemical assay were conducted to assess the extent of hypothermic TBI-induced damage and the ameliorative effect of Ang-(1–7) in mice. An open field experiment and neurological function scoring with two approaches were used to assess the degree of recovery and prognosis in mice. After hypothermic TBI establishment in BV2 cells, the Ang-(1–7)/MasR axis induced phenotypic transformation of microglia from M1 to M2, inhibited IL-6 and IL-1β release, and upregulated IL-4 and IL-10 levels. After hypothermic TBI development in mice, intraperitoneally administered Ang-(1–7) attenuated histological damage and promoted neurological recovery. These findings suggest that hypothermia exacerbates TBI-induced damage and that the Ang-(1–7)/MasR axis can ameliorate hypothermic TBI and directly affect prognosis.
Ambient air pollution as a time-varying covariate in the survival probability of childhood cancer patients in the upper Northern Thailand
Authors: Sathitsamitphong Lalita , Chitapanarux Imjai , Srikummoon Pimwarat , Thongsak Natthapat , Nakharutai Nawapon , Thumronglaohapun Salinee , Supasri Titaporn , Hemwan Phonpat , Traisathit Patrinee
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study is to determine the possible association between exposure to air pollution and the risk of death from cancer during childhood in upper northern Thailand. Data were collected on children aged 0–15 years old diagnosed with cancer between January 2003 and December 2018 from the Chiang Mai Cancer Registry. Survival rates were determined by using Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox proportional hazard models were used to investigate associations of potential risk factors with the time-varying air pollution level on the risk of death. Of the 540 children with hematologic cancer, 199 died from any cause (overall mortality rate = 5.3 per 100 Person-Years of Follow-Up (PYFU); 95%CI = 4.6–6.0). Those aged less than one year old (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.07; 95%CI = 1.25–3.45) or ten years old or more (aHR = 1.41; 95%CI = 1.04–1.91) at the time of diagnosis had a higher risk of death than those aged one to ten years old. Those diagnosed between 2003 and 2013 had an increased risk of death (aHR = 1.65; 95%CI = 1.13–2.42). Of the 499 children with solid tumors, 214 died from any cause (5.9 per 100 PYFU; 95%CI = 5.1–6.7). Only the cancer stage remained in the final model, with the metastatic cancer stage (HR = 2.26; 95%CI = 1.60–3.21) and the regional cancer stage (HR = 1.53; 95%CI = 1.07–2.19) both associated with an increased risk of death. No association was found between air pollution exposure and all-cause mortality for either type of cancer. A larger-scale analytical study might uncover such relationships.
Hspb1 and Lgals3 in spinal neurons are closely associated with autophagy following excitotoxicity based on machine learning algorithms
Authors: Yan Lei , Li Zihao , Li Chuanbo , Chen Jingyu , Zhou Xun , Cui Jiaming , Liu Peng , Shen Chong , Chen Chu , Hong Hongxiang , Xu Guanhua , Cui Zhiming
Published: May 2024

Excitotoxicity represents the primary cause of neuronal death following spinal cord injury (SCI). While autophagy plays a critical and intricate role in SCI, the specific mechanism underlying the relationship between excitotoxicity and autophagy in SCI has been largely overlooked. In this study, we isolated primary spinal cord neurons from neonatal rats and induced excitotoxic neuronal injury by high concentrations of glutamic acid, mimicking an excitotoxic injury model. Subsequently, we performed transcriptome sequencing. Leveraging machine learning algorithms, including weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), random forest analysis (RF), and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator analysis (LASSO), we conducted a comprehensive investigation into key genes associated with spinal cord neuron injury. We also utilized protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis to identify pivotal proteins regulating key gene expression and analyzed key genes from public datasets (GSE2599, GSE20907, GSE45006, and GSE174549). Our findings revealed that six genes—Anxa2, S100a10, Ccng1, Timp1, Hspb1, and Lgals3—were significantly upregulated not only in vitro in neurons subjected to excitotoxic injury but also in rats with subacute SCI. Furthermore, Hspb1 and Lgals3 were closely linked to neuronal autophagy induced by excitotoxicity. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of excitotoxicity and autophagy, offering potential targets and a theoretical foundation for SCI diagnosis and treatment.
Personality and psychopathological characteristics in functional movement disorders
Authors: Luca Antonina , Lo Castro Tiziana , Mostile Giovanni , Donzuso Giulia , Cicero Calogero Edoardo , Nicoletti Alessandra , Zappia Mario
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Aim of the present study was to assess personality and psychopathological characteristics in patients with functional movement disorders (FMDs) compared to patients with other neurological disorders (OND).

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, patients affected by clinically established FMDs and OND who attended the Neurologic Unit of the University-Hospital “Policlinico-San Marco” of Catania from the 1st of December 2021 to the 1st of June 2023 were enrolled. Personality characteristics were assessed with the Rorschach test coded according to Exner’s comprehensive system and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 (SCID-II).

Results

Thirty-one patients with FMDs (27 women; age 40.2±15.5 years; education 11.7±3.2 years; disease duration 2.3±2.5 years) and 24 patients affected by OND (18 women; age 35.8±16.3 years; education 11.9±2.9 years; disease duration 3.4±2.8 years) were enrolled. At the Rorschach, FMDs presented a significantly higher frequency of Popular (P) and sum of all Human content codes (SumH>5) responses and avoidant coping than OND.

Conclusion

FMDs presented “conformity behaviors”, excessive interest in others than usual a maladaptive avoidant style of coping and a difficulty in verbalizing emotional distress. These psychopathological characteristics may favor the occurrence of FMDs.
The American Adrenaline Narrative, Kristin J. Jacobson (2020)
Authors: Kvarving Juni
Published: May 2024

Review of: The American Adrenaline Narrative, Kristin J. Jacobson (2020)

Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 305 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-82035-699-0, h/bk, $99.95
Promoting comics in digital landscapes: Comics artists as content creators
Authors: Manuzzato Lisa Maya Quaianni
Published: May 2024

The study of digital comics is normally focused on their innovations in languages and aesthetics: from modes and medium-specific features to forms and qualifying features of webcomics and digitalized comics. The definition of digital comics has been studied from the beginning of their appearance, and so has the relationship between digital works and readers. However, in addition to digital comics’ intrinsic characteristics, it is equally important to understand how these productions are published and promoted on the two main contexts used by digital graphic narratives: personal websites and social media platforms. Many creators have decided to publish their production almost entirely online, for free, before or after a printed version of their works. How do they build their audience? How do they improve engagement? How do they act in the digital landscape?
Understanding digital comics for creation: From conception to reception
Authors: Molina Fernández Margarita
Published: May 2024

Digital comics are a ‘bastard’ medium, a hybrid of comics, animated film and video game, which is not subject to a fixed form or format. Authors design and develop their own writing methodology and format, exploiting the narrative and aesthetic opportunities of a digital environment characterised by diversity and constant technical evolution. However, tackling this task without having ever worked with sound, movement or interactivity is arduous. Based on my doctoral research, which analyses a diversified corpus of works and coupled with the development of an artistic project, this article will introduce the major concepts of my global portrait of digital comics, exploring the dynamics concerted between textual elements belonging to classic comics – such as text and images – additional textual elements available in the digital environment – such as movement and sound – and interactivity to tell a story. These concepts and dynamics will be presented following the main questions that I formulated from a creator perspective to conduct my research: what are the formal and methodological criteria for the creation of digital comics narratives and the design of their media devices? How can I use multimodality and interactivity in storytelling in a meaningful way? Why does the reception of digital comics appear to be an essential issue and what are its characteristics?
Fandom, algorithm, prompting: Reconsidering webcomics
Authors: Lamerichs Nicolle , Ossa Vanessa
Published: May 2024

In this conversation, Vanessa Ossa and Nicolle Lamerichs review developments that have shaped the webcomic landscape in recent years – the participatory practices they enliven, the digital culture they are part of and new technologies that might transform them yet again.
Internet, the Paradise Lost of comics? Observations on the constraints behind publishing webcomics, based on interviews with francophone authors
Authors: Kovaliv Gaëlle
Published: May 2024

Digital comics, especially when published online, such as on blogs or social media, are often associated with notions of freedom and unlimited possibilities and limits. This idea is widely shared in the media, and it is common to encounter headlines such as ‘Instagram, comics paradise?’ (Beaux-Arts Magazine), ‘comics have found a new Eldorado in Instagram’ (CNews), ‘comics are particularly well suited to Instagram’s visual format’ (Numéro) and ‘what if Instagram is the network best suited for comics?’ (Nouvel Obs). This idea is shared by the artists themselves, as it appears clearly in their speeches and self-representations. This contribution, based in part on more than thirty interviews with francophone digital cartoonists, aims to question this alleged ‘total freedom’. First, it investigates the reasons for this common representation of a wider freedom associated with digital comics more than books, mainly due to the absence of editorial filters. Then, it shows how, instead, a significant number of filters apply that challenge the purported freedom of digital media. These filters are varied in nature and relate to very different issues, such as the difficulty of getting paid when distributing only online, which leads to the self-restriction of signing a contract with publishers or the need to establish partnerships with institutions; the website and platforms’ general conditions of use; and simply the lack of time and material due to the absence of a sustainable economic structure, among other factors. Finally, the contribution focuses on the specific limitations imposed by social media, as many contemporary digital comics are posted on Instagram: the interface, terms of use and algorithm have massive effects on the content, style, drawings themselves and narrative construction.
Brazilian Gastronomic Capital in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic:
Authors: Lopes Mariana da Silva , Gimenes-Minasse Maria Henriqueta Sperandio Garcia
Published: May 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 virus (coronavirus) is a pathogenic agent that affects the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract responsible for the pandemic that started in December 2019 in China. In the city of São Paulo, the Municipal Decree 59.285/2020 suspended face-to-face service to the public in different establishments, directly affecting the Food Service. The reopening of the commerce, announced on June 10, 2020 by Municipal Ordinance No. 625/2020, originated from Decree 59.473/2020, established challenges: requirement of security protocols and service limitations. The city is recognized as the gastronomic capital of Brazil for the volume of restaurants and gastronomic diversity. As an important part of the local economy, the restrictions generated severe impacts in the sector. This article aims to identify and analyze, through qualitative exploratory research, perceived changes and perspectives for the segment of upscale contemporary restaurants in the city of São Paulo. A literature review, documentary research, and consultations with chefs and Experts in the area were carried out using a semi-structured script. The sample was by convenience and counted on 8 respondents. The main results were: a drop in sales with layoffs and closing of businesses; adjustments in menus for new systems (delivery and take away); challenges in the process of recovery involving financial maintenance of the business and regaining customers.
The night sky as a heritage of humanity and Astrotourism as a tourist potential in the rural regions of Rosana/SP
Authors: Luciano Violin Fábio , Barbato Honorato Vitor , Rodrigues Lima Ana Beatriz
Published: May 2024

The present study aimed to present a review of the literature regarding the interconnection between the quality of the night sky and the growing interest in astrotourism. As a basis for data collection, studies of secondary documentary nature were used. It is observed that the subject grows in interest on the part of scholars considering the possibilities of application of the astrotourism activity, due to the distinctive elements of offer in the field of tourism, in addition to appearing as a playful element in the perception of tourists. The study is relevant considering the still small amount of studies in Brazil on the subject and the possibility of incorporating this type of service in the national tourist trade, in addition to being able to appear as a distinctive element of the offer in rural areas, like others countries.
Understanding housing preferences and challenges of older adults in Kalisz, Poland
Authors: Rącka Izabela , Jancz Anna
Published: May 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the demographic, economic, and social factors that influence the housing demand of older adults in Kalisz, Poland, and assess their preferences and challenges in meeting their housing needs. Methodology: A quantitative survey was conducted among individuals aged 50 and above in Kalisz. The survey questionnaire covered various aspects, including current housing conditions, housing preferences, knowledge of senior housing options, and willingness to relocate to such housing. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Results: The findings revealed that while most respondents were satisfied with their current housing situation, they acknowledged the need for housing options tailored to older adults. However, there was a lack of interest in relocating to designated senior housing due to concerns about affordability, accessibility, and amenities. Respondents expressed a preference for independent living arrangements with access to medical, care, and rehabilitation services. Theoretical contribution: The study contributes to the understanding of the housing needs and preferences of older adults in the context of a medium-sized city in Poland. It highlights the importance of considering demographic shifts and adapting housing policies and urban planning strategies to meet the diverse requirements of an aging population. Practical implications: The findings can inform policymakers, urban planners, and housing developers in designing and implementing housing solutions that cater to the specific needs of older adults, ensuring accessible, affordable, and supportive living environments. The study also emphasizes the need for public awareness and education regarding senior housing options.
marxismo de León Rozitchner
Authors: Alfieri Joaquín
Published: May 2024

El presente trabajo intenta dilucidar los caracteres centrales de la incorporación del legado de Marx en la obra de León Rozitchner. La hipótesis que articula el escrito define al marxismo como una matriz de inteligibilidad que permite una continuidad y una persistencia en los tópicos centrales de la filosofía del autor argentino. En particular, me centraré en los períodos de juventud y madurez de León Rozitchner, para verificar la forma en que las múltiples transformaciones de su filosofía con el paso del tiempo, mantienen una cohesión posibilitada por su marxismo, entendido como un marco teórico jamás abandonado. Se pondrá de relieve la manera en que algunas apropiaciones juveniles del legado marxista (como, por ejemplo, la noción de “ser social”) son resignificadas a partir de las transformaciones y las distancias que adquiere Rozitchner en su propia lectura de Marx, para finalizar en la elaboración novedosa de un “materialismo ensoñado”.
Empobrecimiento estético y ocaso de las artes en la sociedad capitalista
Authors: Polo Blanco Jorge
Published: May 2024

En el presente trabajo sostendremos que Marx y Engels no se limitaron a denunciar la explotación económica. Su crítica incidió de igual modo en la degradación espiritual de las víctimas del capital. Y, en consonancia con otros teóricos socialistas y no socialistas, señalaron que el capitalismo también era responsable de un empobrecimiento estético y de un ocaso de las artes. Marx no escribió un trabajo específicamente estético, pero sí esbozó algunas reflexiones y comentarios que demuestran su interés por el arte y la literatura. Tales consideraciones, y asimismo las de Engels, abren perspectivas muy interesantes, para meditar sobre el destino del arte en las sociedades capitalistas.
El materialismo especulativo de Quentin Meillassoux y la emergencia de nuevos futuros
Authors: Solís Martín María Yanina
Published: May 2024

Quentin Meillassoux (1967) es un filósofo francés que ha ganado reconocimiento en el campo de las producciones filosóficas contemporáneas a partir de la publicación de Après la finitude. Essai sur la nécessité de la contingence (2006). La intención más notable de su filosofía, denominada por él mismo como materialismo especulativo, ha sido la de señalar los efectos lógicos y materiales producidos por el hecho de que la filosofía haya abandonado la tarea de pensar el absoluto. Para Meillassoux, las posibilidades efectivas de plantearnos un nuevo futuro, es decir, un porvenir que no sea la repetición novedosa del pasado, se encuentra en la exploración de las tierras del absoluto que, desde Kant, han sido abandonadas por la filosofía y hoy son propiedad de fanatismos y creencias religiosas que no tienen un enlace racional con la trascendencia.
Tomando como punto de partida estas consideraciones, el presente artículo aborda los siguientes interrogantes: ¿Cómo se establece el vínculo entre el absoluto y la emergencia de lo nuevo? ¿Mediante qué mecanismos formales se podría, a partir de las operaciones lógicas de la especulación, actualizar potenciales que nos habiliten formas aún desconocidas de establecer enlaces lógicos con mundos más allá de nuestro entendimiento actual? En base a textos seleccionados de Meillassoux, incluyendo Après la finitude. Essai sur la nécessité de la contingence (2006), Métaphysique et fiction des mondes hors-science (2015), Le Nombre Et La Sirene Un Dechiffrage Du Coup de Des de Mallarme (2011), “L’immanence d’outre monde” (2009), “Potentialité et virtualité” (2006), y “Soustraction et contraction. À propos d'une remarque de Deleuze sur Matière et mémoire” (2007), este artículo ensaya algunas respuestas acerca del valor del materialismo especulativo en la creación y actualización de nuevos potenciales de un inimaginable futuro humano.
Desde el pesimismo ontológico al suicidio ontológico
Authors: Montes Pablo Elías
Published: May 2024

Este artículo analiza el pesimismo desde una perspectiva ontológica. Para esto se analizan dos concepciones filosóficas que describan un “estado de cosas”, es decir, lecturas de la realidad en donde se manifieste la naturaleza decadente de la realidad: Schopenhauer y Nietzsche, por ejemplo. Para ello, se analizará la estructura ontológica de la realidad y su pertinencia con el suicidio: ¿el suicidio es conclusión necesaria del pesimismo? Luego, se analiza la ontología pluralista de Philipp Mainländer que defiende una postura a favor del suicidio en contraposición de la ontología monista de Schopenhauer y la ontología pluralista de Nietzsche. Para finalizar con un análisis ontológico a partir de las tecnologías involucradas en la afirmación o negación del suicidio.
Two-dimensional rheo-optical measurement system to study dynamics and structure of complex fluids
Authors: Sato Taisuke , Yamagata Yoshifumi , Sato Yasunori , Onuma Takashi , Miyamoto Keisuke , Takahashi Tsutomu
Published: May 2024

We have developed a novel rheo-optical measurement system based on two-dimensional polarization analysis, which can evaluate the rheological properties and structure of a complex fluid simultaneously. To assess the utility of the system, we used it to investigate the relationship between yield behavior and structural evolution in a TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofiber (T-CNF) suspension, which is a yield-stress fluid that has been actively studied in recent years. To analyze the structural evolution of a T-CNF suspension, stress-ramp tests were conducted. A two-step yield behavior was observed, and distributions of retardation and orientation axis varied dramatically with increasing shear stress. In particular, different distributions were observed in the three regions: after the first yield point, before the second yield point, and after the second yield point. In experiments with a low-concentration T-CNF suspension that exhibits no yield behavior, the retardation increased monotonically with increasing shear stress, and its distribution was uniform. It was demonstrated that the yield behavior and related structures can be analyzed from these results. More detailed structural mechanisms require various rheological tests using the developed system. However, the present insights demonstrate the valuable information provided by the developed rheo-optical measurement system, contributing essential knowledge for applications in various fields.
A lab experiment on metals separation and recovery from waste ink-jet cartridges as a non-formal appealing learning activity for students of secondary schools
Authors: Rossi Antonella , Serpe Angela
Published: May 2024

Since 2004, the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), the Conference of Science and Technology Headmasters, and Confindustria, have been promoting the National Plan for Scientific Degrees (PLS) aimed at supporting students in acquiring scientific skills better responding to contemporary society challenges and increasing vocations in basic sciences. This paper describes a successful experience of the University of Cagliari together with selected local secondary schools, in which the hot topic of technological waste valorization was selected to create an orientation laboratory for students towards chemistry disciplines. Specifically, students and teachers were guided into the challenging world of e-waste production and treatment through the practical activity of noble metals recovery from real waste ink-jet cartridges. A specific emphasis was placed on fundamental chemical aspects – separation and recovery of metals driven by redox processes favored by a complexing agent – as well as on the chance to play on coordination chemistry to promote a green chemistry approach. The close collaboration between school and university teachers in planning and implementing laboratory activities is the element that characterizes PLS actions and promotes the development and strengthening of relations between secondary school and university courses in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).
Exploring the potential of ammonia and hydrogen as alternative fuels for transportation
Authors: Azim Rasuli Mohammad , Torii Shuichi
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the potential of hydrogen and ammonia, as alternatives for transportation fuels to tackle urgent issues concerning greenhouse gas emissions and air quality in the worldwide transportation sector. By examining studies and technological progresses, we evaluate the feasibility of transitioning to these energy options. Through an investigation of production methods, energy efficiency, environmental consequences, and infrastructure requirements, we present both the advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen and ammonia as fuel substitutes. We spotlight production techniques such as electrolysis and renewable energy sources that could significantly decrease carbon emissions and air pollutants. Nonetheless, key challenges such as expanding infrastructure, cost-effectiveness, and safety considerations need to be resolved for adoption. Drawing on findings from research and industry developments, this article contributes to publications on transportation solutions while proposing avenues for research efforts and policy initiatives. Existing challenges and limitations are also discussed in details. In conclusion, this research underscores the significance of research endeavors and policy backing to unlock the potential of hydrogen and ammonia as sustainable transportation fuels underscoring their role in mitigating environmental impacts and promoting global sustainability objectives.
Big data analysis technology in regional economic market planning and enterprise market value prediction
Authors: Lin Xin
Published: May 2024

Market planning for regional economic development is a crucial task connected to stability and systematicness and influences the unique outcomes of regional economic growth. As a result, market planning for regional economic development must be given more weight. There are several issues with regional economies currently developing in many parts of our country. Lack of focus on market planning for regional economic growth results in several flaws in market planning, making it challenging to support sustainable development. The accurate analysis of diverse massive economic datasets has significant research value. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of market planning and regional economic and industrial development, analyze the effects of market planning on regional economic and industrial development, identify issues with market planning and regional economic and industrial development, and suggest solutions. This article employs big data analysis technology to forecast corporate market value and develop regional economic markets. The system is employed to conduct experimental big data analysis within a specific field for an extended period. According to test analysis results, the system’s data analysis accuracy can reach up to 95.8%, which has a promising future for use.
Numerical study on bionic airfoil fins used in printed circuit plate heat exchanger
Authors: Yu Chulin , Liu Binfeng , Cui Yulin , Wang Wenqing , Yang Yuxi
Published: May 2024

Airfoil printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHEs) possess exceptional comprehensive performance. In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on the layout and structure optimization of airfoil fins. As biomimetic technologies gradually mature, bionics has achieved numerous outcomes in optimizing airfoil aerodynamic characteristic. Inspired by the sailfish geometry, four types of bionic airfoils are proposed based on the NACA 0015 airfoil, to enhance the thermal-hydraulic performance of the airfoil PCHEs. The results show that while the four types of sailfish airfoils are effective in terms of drag reduction, their overall performance at the same pumping power is suboptimal, with only one type providing an advantage at the low Re region. Moreover, airfoils with concave head curves further increase the weakening of heat transfer by the velocity boundary layer.
Influence of variable viscosity on existing sheet thickness in the calendering of non-isothermal viscoelastic materials
Authors: Zahid Muhammad , Ali Fateh , Souayeh Basma , Khan Muhammad Tahir
Published: May 2024

The calendering process is pivotal in enhancing various materials’ surface properties and characteristics, making them indispensable for achieving desired product quality and performance. Also, this process holds significant relevance in various industrial applications, such as polymer processing, food production, and the manufacturing of composite materials. So, the aim of this study is to theoretically examine the calendering process applied to third-grade materials. It specifically explores how temperature variations impact material behavior during passage through two counter-rotating heated rolls. Particular consideration is given to the influence of temperature-dependent viscosity via Reynold’s model. The complexities of mass, momentum, and energy balance equations are reduced through the application of the Lubrication approximation theory. Solutions to these equations for variables such as velocity, flow rate, and temperature fields are accomplished by combining perturbation and numerical techniques. In relation to the calendering process, the thickness of the exiting sheet is specifically explored. Furthermore, this study quantifies substantial engineering parameters such as roll-separating force, pressure distribution, and power transferal from the rolls to the fluid. The governing equations belong to three key dimensionless parameters, namely, the Brinkman number, which is a product of Eckert number and Prandtl number, the temperature-dependent consistency index

μ

\mu

, and a parameter

η

\eta

correlating to non-Newtonian behavior. The outcomes of this study are presented both graphically and in tabular form. It has been observed that a rise in the third-grade parameter decreases detachment point and sheet thickness due to increased material rigidity. Furthermore, established results in the literature regarding the calendering of Newtonian fluids are validated.
Making Judgments of Learning Either Enhances or Impairs Memory: Evidence From 17 Experiments With Related and Unrelated Word Pairs
Authors: Undorf Monika , Ingendahl Franziska , Halamish Vered
Published: May 2024

Published studies found that predicting one’s future memory during learning (judgments of learning, JOLs) consistently improved cued-recall performance for related word pairs. In contrast, making JOLs had inconsistent effects on memory for unrelated pairs, with most studies finding null effects and some finding detrimental effects. This study reports data from 17 experiments in which participants either made or did not make JOLs for related and unrelated word pairs in their everyday language. Making JOLs increased the difference in memory performance between related and unrelated pairs in every experiment. Although almost all experiments showed numerically positive JOL reactivity for related pairs and numerically negative JOL reactivity for unrelated pairs, either effect was reliable in just half of the experiments. Small-scale meta-analyses revealed small-to-moderate positive reactivity for related pairs and small-to-moderate negative reactivity for unrelated pairs. Language of word pairs (German, Hebrew, or English) moderated positive reactivity and experimental setting (controlled or unsupervised online) moderated negative reactivity, but none of the other moderators we examined—presence of an additional pair type, study time, total number of pairs—impacted reactivity. Experiments that showed positive reactivity for related pairs tended not to show negative reactivity for unrelated pairs, and vice versa. Overall, these findings indicate that negative JOL reactivity for unrelated pairs is similarly large and robust as positive reactivity for related pairs. They favor the cue-strengthening hypothesis with dual-task costs over other accounts and raise the practically relevant possibility that monitoring could have detrimental effects on learning in educational settings. All data are freely available online.
How to distinguish a benign from a malignant tumour in children and when should a biopsy be done and by whom
Authors: Salom Marta , Balacó Inês
Published: May 2024

Bone tumours are frequent in children but most of them are benign. Moreover, the incidence and type of tumours differ from those of adults.

As an orthopaedic surgeon, we will likely encounter a bone lesion in a child and we must be able to distinguish if it is a benign lesion or has malignant characteristics and it is necessary to refer it to a centre specialized in tumours.

We will discuss the key points we would have to ask in the medical history, look at the physical examination and the radiological characteristics that will allow us to distinguish between a benign and a malignant bone lesion in a child.

When there are doubts about the malignancy of a bone lesion or if the diagnosis is not clear, a biopsy should be performed following certain rules in a specialized centre.
Reestructuración del modelo de facturación en salud para una IPS de servicios domiciliarios en Colombia
Authors: González Jiménez Sandra Milena , Novoa Vargas Ricardo Alberto
Published: May 2024

Teniendo en cuenta que el sistema de seguridad social en salud en Colombia define que todas las entidades de salud deben ser independientes, autónomas y tener un crecimiento y sostenimiento a partir de la venta de sus servicios, como está descrito en la Ley 100 de 1993, se busca entonces generar una optimización del modelo de facturación sustentado normativamente que mantenga el flujo continuo de cartera. Con base en las especificaciones del modelo teórico actual se ha mostrado un comportamiento del proceso de facturación de servicios de salud hacia el desarrollo de los procesos de la auditoría de cuentas. Se quiere entonces revisar la problemática de una entidad particular del sistema de salud y proponer una alternativa de solución para construir un proceso de facturación eficiente. Por lo anterior, se pretende mejorar el proceso de facturación estableciendo lineamientos y pasos necesarios para la optimización de esta área, en una IPS de servicios domiciliarios de atención de pacientes con patologías crónicas, lo cual generará un impacto secundario para realizar, de forma ágil, oportuna, clara y correcta, la liquidación de las cuentas de cada uno de los usuarios de la entidad prestadora de servicios de salud, con el fin de cobrar y recaudar el valor de los servicios prestados y, de esta manera, garantizar los ingresos que permitan la supervivencia, crecimiento y desarrollo de la entidad.
Determination of the absorbed dose to water in Cs-137 research irradiator chambers using Fricke dosimetry
Authors: Briggs Natasha , Mantuano Coelho da Silva Andrea , Pickler Oliveira Arissa , Cardoso D'Oliveira Domingos , Souza de Amorim Aneuri
Published: May 2024

The IDQBRN/CTEx has a Cs-137 research irradiator whose prupose is to promove the development of research in the area of irradiation of materials, assisting in the acquisition of data and scientific publications in the area. Because it is used for research, it is necessary to verify the distribution of dose point in the irradiator chambers. The purpose of this work is to carry out a five-point dosimetry of each irradiator chamber, using the Fricke chemical dosimeter. This dosimeter is used worldwide in several areas of medical and industrial physics, presenting relevant characteristics such as low cost, uncertainties of less than 3% in industrial applications, in addition to being an absolute and primary dosimeter. Dosimetry was performed in the IDQBRN/CTEx irradiator drawers where the materials to be irradiated are placed in the research irradiator chamber.
The effect of splinting crowns on multiple adjacent implants: a retrospective study
Authors: Seong WookJin , Chea, DMD Yannie , Evans MS Michael D.
Published: May 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the effects of splinting implant crowns against nonsplinted crowns on the failures and complications of multiple adjacent implants. Material and methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all registered implant patients treated at the University of Minnesota School of Dentistry from 1988 to 2018. A total of 2738 implants within 1171 sections of 890 patients were examined retrospectively using an inclusion criteria of (1) two or more adjacent implants (section) present and (2) implants were restored by splinted crowns (Splinted group) or nonsplinted (individual) crowns (Nonsplinted group). Results: An average follow-up interval was significantly longer (p < 0.0001) for Splinted (median 5.52 [IQR 1.97, 9.67] years) compared to Nonsplinted (3.76 [1.49, 6.54] years). Splinted group’s Hazard ratio (HR) for implant failure was 0.67 (95% CI 0.35–1.31, p = 0.24) relative to Nonsplinted, and estimated 5- and 10-year failures rates were 2.5 (1.3–3.7) vs. 3.0 (1.9–4.0)% and 8.7 (6.1–11.3) vs. 8.6 (5.7–11.3)%, respectively. Splinted group’s HR for total complication relative to Nonsplinted was 0.98 (95% CI 0.71–1.36, p = 0.92) and estimated 5- and 10-year complication rates were 24.7 (21.7-27.5) vs. 23.7 (21.1-26.3)% and 38.1 (34.2-41.7) vs. 42.1 (37.2-46.6)%, respectively. Three most common complications (Splinted/Nonsplinted, 10-year estimates) were crown decementation/dislodgement (20.8/13.0%), peri-implantitis (12.2/13.1%), and screw loosening (5.9/12.8%), while 3 failure causes (5-year estimates) were peri-implantitis (1.8/1.3%), implant fracture/metal collar flowering (0.3/1.1%), and soft tissue encapsulation (0.1/0.2%). When 380 Lifecore implants with higher failure rates (8.4% in 7.2 years) were excluded, the implant failure HR became lower 0.46 (0.22–0.99, p = 0.05) indicating significantly lower implant failure risk in Splinted compared to Nonsplinted, while the total complication HR did not change much 0.95 (0.64–1.40, p = 0.79). When compared per section, Splinted total complication HR went down to 0.75 (0.55–1.02, p = 0.07), indicating lower risk for complication in Splinted sections compared to Nonsplinted sections. Conclusion: The trends of implant therapy of multiple adjacent implants have changed over the last three decades. The effects of splinting crowns of multiple adjacent implants were not significant in reducing implant failures or total complications. However, when the Lifecore implants mainly used in Splinted group during earlier phase (1988 – 2003) were excluded, the Splinted group showed significantly lower implant failure risk than Nonsplined group.
Frequency and immediate neonatal prognosis of low birth weight neonates in Parakou (Benin) in 2018
Authors: A Noudamadjo , Mohamed F Agbeille , MV Voduhè , MG Kpanidja , OB Amoussou , JD Adédémy , J Agossou
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Infant and child mortality remains high in Benin and is sustained by neonatal mortality which has stagnated for decades. Low birth weight (LBW) is recognized to be an important risk factor for neonatal death worldwide and serves as an indicator of perinatal death. Objective: The objective is to establish the relationship between LBW and immediate neonatal prognosis in the city of Parakou (Benin). Patients and methods: This was a cross-sectional study with a descriptive and analytical aim. A prospective collection of data on neonates born from pregnancies with a gestational age of at least 22 weeks of amenorrhea was carried out. It was conducted in three health structures drawn randomly from ten structures in the city of Parakou from May 15 to July 14, 2018. The study included all live neonates. The recruitment of neonates was subject to an oral informed consent of their mothers. We excluded from this study any malformed neonate, any neonate who died in utero and any neonate born from a multiple pregnancy. The data collected were processed and analyzed using Epi Data 3.1, Microsoft Excel 2007 and Epi Info version 7.1.5.0 software. Statistical inferences (Chi-Square test, Person test, Yates correction, Ficher's exact test and their confidence intervals) were used to check the level of association between LBW and morbid situations and then immediate mortality. The research protocol was submitted to the local ethics committee of the University of Parakou and obtained its approval under the reference 0121/CLERB-UP/P/SP/R/SA of May 5, 2018. Results: The frequency of LBW was 16.9%. LBW was associated with poor adaptation to extrauterine life (p=0.000), neonatal resuscitation (p=0.000) and early neonatal mortality (p=0.000). Birth weight in neonates with LBW was inversely related to the risk of death within 24 hours of life. Conclusion: One in six neonates had LBW in the city of Parakou in 2018. LBW at birth was a state at risk of neonatal resuscitation and early death. Reducing neonatal mortality requires preventing low birth weight.
Metallomesogens as potential materials for improvement of electro-optical properties of commercial liquid crystals
Authors: H Hakemi
Published: May 2024

We present a new approach to utilize the eutectic metallomesogen (MOM) mixtures to improve the electro-optical properties of commercial nematic liquid crystal (NLC) materials. Accordingly, we studied the phase diagrams of rod-like MOM models structures, including alkyl/alkoxy-azobenzene with Pd complex and salicylal-diaminates with Cu, Ni and Pd complexes. These phase diagrams we utilized the eutectic MOM mixtures and mixed them with few commercial NLC hosts. The results showed a complete mesogenic miscibility and wide mesogenic range. Although the studied MOM model materials are not the optimum structures and we did not study the electro-optical properties of MOM-NLC mixtures, the present results indicate the potential application of MOMs to improve the performance of commercial NLC, which require further future studies.
Effect of solvent and pH on the stability and chemical reactivity of the delphinidin molecule
Authors: Paola Robles Sanchez Ana , Contreras Oscar Eduardo Ortiz , Hernandez Angeles Cuan
Published: May 2024

The study of the stability in different solvents and its effect on the chemical reactivity for the delphinidin molecule is presented, using molecular modeling as a tool. The structural modeling of delphinidin in the different solvents (water, methanol, ethanol and acetone) was carried out based on the predominant structures of delphinidin in different pHs (1, 4.5, 5.5 and 7). Quantum mechanical studies were performed using density functional theory (DFT) with a B3LYP level and a base set 6-11+g(d,p). The solvation energies of the delphinidin molecule were obtained, finding that methanol is where the molecule dissolves best. Besides, The chemical reactivity indices for the molecule were obtained due to the effect of the solvent, finding that when it is found in water as a solvent, it acquires a lower hardness, making it more susceptible, that is, more reactive. The results also showed that at pH < 2 using methanol as solvent, the hydrogen atom of the hydroxyl group attached to the 4' carbon is the most prone to donate hydrogen.
Kratom (Mitragynia speciosa), seizure latency, anxiety, and “social” behavior in the zebrafish
Authors: Peña-Jiménez Janelle A , Suárez- Zayas Edwin A , Licier Rigel , Joubert- Miranda Damaris , Silva-Torres Luz , Ortiz José G
Published: May 2024

Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is used as a stimulant, an opioid-like analgesic, and a sedative. However, Kratom consumption has profound effects, such as seizures, withdrawal, hallucinations, coma, and cardiac or respiratory arrest. We tested Kratom's effects on pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in adult zebrafish (D rerio) using hydroethanolic Kratom extracts. Kratom extracts have pro-convulsant effects at low concentrations (10-4-10-1 mg/mL), while sedation occurs at higher concentrations. In the open-field test, Kratom has no anxiolytic effects; however, "social" behavior was lost at high concentrations (1.0 mg/mL). Our results confirm the possible proconvulsant role of Kratom while questioning its anxiolytic effects.
Tramadol-induced hyponatremia: case report highlighting the mechanism and review of literature
Authors: Akl Ahmed , Alwagdani Meshari , Aziz Ahmed Abdel , A Saad Ramadan , Baslaim Ghassan , Aldhaheri Fahmi
Published: May 2024

We report a case of postoperative hyponatraemia following routine Coronary artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery. The patient had been given the weak opioid tramadol for postoperative pain relief. After 48 hours, patient was complaining of severe headache, nausea, and progressive hyponatremia not responding to resuscitation fluids. Once tramadol was discontinued, the serum sodium level started to return to normal level. Through its effects on serotonergic neurotransmission in the central nervous system, we hypothesize that tramadol may have been directly involved in this patient’s biochemical disorder.