bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of Mucilage in The Sea of Marmara Using Remote Sensing Techniques with Google Earth Engine
Authors: Acar Uğur , Yılmaz Osman Salih , Çelen Meltem , Ateş Ali Murat , Gülgen Fatih , Balık Şanlı Füsun
Published: June 2021

In this study, a methodology has been developed for the detection of mucilage with the help of remote sensing (UA) techniques by considering the current mucilage formation in the Sea of Marmara. For this purpose, mucilage formation from10.03.2021 to 06.06.2021 was determined by classification of Sentinel-2 (MSI) satellite images using Random Forest (RF) algorithm on Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), the Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) and the Automated Water Extraction Index (AWEI) indexes were used for classification. In the classification study, 5 different date ranges were determined by considering the availability of satellite images and cloud ratio. In the first date range (10.03.2021-30.03.2021), the first mucilage image was detected in the Dardanelles Strait. In the following dates, the spread of mucilage towards the Gulf of Izmit and the Gulf of Gemlik in addition to the Dardanelles was determined. Finally, in the images dated between 17.05.2021-06.06.2021, it was seen that the density of mucilage increased in the Dardanelles Strait, Izmit Gulf, Gemlik Gulf, Erdek Kapıdağ Peninsula and the north of the Marmara Island. The area covered by mucilage as of the last date range was calculated as 12,741.94 ha, and this value shows that 1.07% of the Sea of Marmara is covered with mucilage. With this developed methodology, it has been seen that mucilage formation can be detected quickly within minutes and with high accuracy from satellite images anywhere in the world.
Gestión de la envolvente de una vivienda en verano: influencia del usuario sobre las condiciones de confort térmico interior
Authors: Andreoni Trentacoste Soledad , Ganem Carolina
Published: June 2021

El comportamiento del usuario en la búsqueda del confort térmico interior, principalmente en la interacción con la envolvente, es un parámetro que afecta el desempeño térmico de edificios residenciales. El objetivo del presente trabajo es cuantificar las variables que influyen en la gestión de ventanas de una vivienda en la ciudad de Mendoza. Se presentan los resultados del análisis estadístico de los datos de gestión de aberturas en una vivienda en condiciones reales de uso en verano, haciendo foco en los registros de apertura y cierre de ventanas. El modelo predictivo que considera la interacción de las variables de temperatura interior y exterior obtiene un 83% de observaciones exitosamente clasificadas. Las conclusiones permiten establecer parámetros de referencia para identificar perfiles de uso para su posterior implementación en programas de simulación. Haciendo posible que los resultados simulados en forma predictiva se aproximen al desempeño real edilicio.
Análisis de condiciones ambiental en nuevas escuelas de clima cálido-húmedo, Tucumán, Argentina
Authors: Marquez Vega Sandra Gabriela , Martinez Cecilia Fernanda
Published: June 2021

El trabajo analiza las condiciones ambientales en los espacios áulicos de escuelas públicas de la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina, construidas en el período 2003-2015. Se estudia el edificio prototípico, 2500 m2 promedio, verificando su adecuación a las estrategias bioclimáticas para la zona, evaluando el comportamiento térmico de la envolvente, determinando los valores de transmitancia térmica de cerramientos opacos, carpinterías y cubierta. Se proponen modificaciones al diseño morfológico-funcional y modificaciones en la materialidad de la envolvente, logrando mejoras en el comportamiento de entre 57% y 68%. Las modificaciones propuestas a la tipología edicilicia, que se repite en el en el 77% de las escuelas de nivel intermedio, contribuyen a mejorar las condiciones ambientales en estos edificios que no cuentan con sistemas de climatización, mejorando el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y aportando a la reducción del gasto y contaminación en funcionamiento si se implementara el acondicionamiento artificial.
Some issues of antibacterial therapy in rheumatology
Authors: Zhuravlyova L. V. , Oliinyk M. O. , Sikalo J. K.
Published: June 2021

The fight against infectious agents is a topical issue of the day, and treatment of the infectious pathology in rheumatological patients of is often presents a difficult task. The main problems faced by rheumatologists include presence of new pathogens, the role of opportunistic microflora and increased influence of the resistant microorganisms, the issue of the effectiveness and interaction of antibacterial drugs with antirheumatic drugs. All the above listed necessitates the search and development of new schemes and methods of antibiotic therapy in rheumatology. The main diseases associated with bacterial infection include reactive arthritis, Lyme arthritis against the background of Lyme borreliosis, bacterial (septic) arthritis, and others. The authors performed the analysis of literature sources and international recommendations regarding the possibilities of using antibacterial drugs for reactive arthritis, Lyme arthritis and bacterial (septic) arthritis. The current schemes of rational antibacterial therapy are presented. The timely treatment of chlamydial urogenital infection in patients with reactive arthritis plays an important role. The effectiveness of the treatment of the early stages of Lyme arthritis, that is, at the stage of erythema migrans, was noted, which may be the primary prevention of joint damage. Combinations and timing of antibiotic therapy for bacterial (septic) arthritis are highlighted. It should be remembered that a bacterial infection can be a trigger for the development of rheumatological pathology, therefore, the timely use of adequate antibiotic therapy, in some cases, can be considered the primary prevention of certain diseases. Therefore, the development of effective schemes for rational antibiotic therapy and monitoring of infectious agents are urgent problems. Rheumatologists should be aware of new recommendations for the management of patients with infectious diseases and timely prescribe the most effective regimens and therapy programs.
Prospects for the use of thyroid hormones in patients with heart failure
Authors: Pyvоvar S. M. , Rudyk Yu. S. , Krоtоva О. B. , Panina L. V.
Published: June 2021

Thyroid hormone therapy in the setting of heart failure is still an «open book» today. There are several unanswered questions: the regimen, doses and schedule of the use of thyroid hormones, the consequences of such therapy. At the same time, the presence of a comorbid pathology of the thyroid gland, which requires the appointment of levothyroxine, allows one to partially answer these questions. Thyroid hormones affect the diastolic and systolic functions of the myocardium. Ventricular contractile function is also affected by changes in hemodynamic conditions secondary to thyroid hormones and peripheral vascular tone. Thyroid hormone homeostasis maintains a positive ventricular-arterial ratio, resulting in a favorable balance for heart function. Experimental studies in rats have shown that chronic hypothyroidism alone can eventually lead to heart failure. Other studies suggest a decrease in the level of free triiodothyronine in the myocardium after myocardial infarction or with arterial hypertension due to the activation of type 3 deiodinase, which leads to deactivation of triiodothyronine and thyroxine. To address these issues, the researchers propose conducting multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled trials to evaluate the effects of thyroxine replacement in patients with chronic heart failure. The review highlights the growing body of evidence from animal studies and small clinical trials that suggests that low thyroid activity at the cardiac tissue level can negatively affect the progression of heart failure and that treatment with thyroid hormones can lead to an improved prognosis.
India’s Foreign Trade – An Overview
Authors: Mishra Manoj
Published: June 2021

Export-Play, Important Role of any country’s business India is one among these countries that have been exporting a large number of product and raw material to other countries to earn economy wealth. India is 19th largest export economy. India’s overall, export- in 2019-20 was US $ 313138.5 million and total import was US $ 473995.2 million and trade balance was US $ 160856.7 million. The main object of the paper is to analyse the structural change in foreign trade- Under new Exim policy. The period of the study is from 2010-11 to 2019-20. The result shows that USA, UAE, Hongkong, UK, Germany, Saudi Arbia and China accounted from more than 40% of export from India at the world level. India total export which was US $ 330078.1 million in the year 2018-19 decline to US $ 313138.5 million in the year 2019-20. The total export from India decreased by 5.13% from the year 2018-19 to year 2019-20. In the year 2019-20 the share in total export from India to USA is 16.95%, UAE 9.21%, China 5.30%, Hongkong 3.50%, UK 2.79%, Germany 2.64%, and Saudi Arbia 1.99%. India’s total import in the year 2019-20 was US $ 473995.2 million which China contributed by 37.76%, USA 7.52%, Saudi Ariba 3.60%, Hongkong 3.5%, UAE .38% and Germany 2.81%,. The result show that USA is most important trading partner followed by UAE an UK, Hongkong, China and other countries.
Characterizing Automobile Industrial Wastewater and its Impacts on Surrounding Water Quality
Authors: Nnaemeka Ugwu Samson , Chinenye Anyadike , Boniface Ugwuishiwu , Emeka Ndulue
Published: June 2021

The wastewater from industries varies so greatly in both flow and pollution strength. So, it is impossible to assign fixed values to their constituents. It is necessary to pretreat the wastes prior to release to the municipal system since lack of adequate treatment of the effluent can cause deterioration of the ecosystem, die off and contamination of the aquatic environment. These adverse effects necessitated the study of wastewater effect on surface water body at Emene Industrial Layout, Enugu State, Nigeria. Wastewater samples were collected, analyzed and compared with the plot of treatment means. The results obtained from the study were compared with WHO and NIS 554 water standards. The wastewater analysis suggested that contaminant at the untreated stage was very high. The results of the treated and river sample were within the WHO and NIS 554 allowable water ranges. Samples at discharge point recorded increased values which suggest high re-contamination along the open channel (from non-point sources) before discharge. This calls for proper monitoring and treatment of the industrial effluent prior to ground water recharge or discharge to surface water.
Project Management Procedure for the Construction of Cooled Stores for Drugs and Medicine on Iraq
Authors: Ogaili Abdulrasul Rahaif Radhi , GÜLLÜ AHMET
Published: June 2021

Iraq is one of the countries that fluctuates in the climate greatly, as well as is characterized by a very hot summer, so the cold storage sector is very important in this country, especially medicine and medical supplies stores. The warehouse sector is one of the most important construction sectors. It includes many facilities, the most important of which are cold stores. After researching and investigating the necessary data in managing this type of project, it was found that there is a great shortage in that data, and this deficiency may be one of the reasons for the failure of this sector in Iraq. In order to evaluate the information and available data related to the management of cold store projects, a questionnaire was asked to take the opinion of engineers and specialists in this field. The questionnaire included several axes, and each axis included a group of questions. The questions were divided depending on their relationship to each other. The questions included gender, age, specialization, experience and the fact that the engineer previously worked in project management and other questions. This article proposes waterfall framework as project management framework for the studied case projects.
Benefits of Project Management to Realizing Sustainable Buildings
Authors: Abdullah Oday M. A , H Umut , A.I. Al-Hadidy
Published: June 2021

Sustainable materials are becoming popular worldwide in terms of ecologically friendly structures that deal with pollution controls, climate change, global temperature increase, and resource conservation issues. Consequently, the researchers believe that simply using sustainable materials to design and create a building is insufficient.
This article discusses several elements of sustainable construction planning including site choice mostly through the proposed project, material classification mostly through the life cycle, analysis time, cost, and commodity controls, reliability and stability, occupant health, manufacturing methodologies and procedures, and design concepts based on advanced ideas. The article argues that by integrating the choice of building components and construction strategic planning practices into the project, the productivity and consequently the reliability of the building could be significantly improved.
The article also discusses the advantages and requirements of sustainable construction, the managerial roles in construction procedure, management processes, and a correlation of conventional construction planning and sustainable project management. The research paper indicates that the objective of constructing an environmentally friendly building is simply fully done when the notion of sustainability is integrated into every phase of the construction approach and that the procedures are not restricted to using recycled practices.
Investigation of Deformation Analysis of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Injection Molded Component
Authors: Sonawane Pratik , Zope Mahesh , Marathe Deepti
Published: June 2021

Warpage is one of the most crucial problems in injection molded products. Factors affecting warpage include Material, Part geometry, gate location, Fiber content & orientation, temperature, etc. Since many factors cause shrinkage and warpage, it is very difficult to distinguish the predominant factor. In the present study, we have focused on contribution of fiber content on warpage of injection molded part. Basic requirement of the part is flatness at sealing area within given tolerance. The required flatness should be within a given tolerance for effective functioning of the component. Flow simulation software has been used to assess the effect of fiber content on warpage and in turn flatness of the component.
A Simulation Study on Warpage Analysis of Injection Moulded Plastic Part
Authors: Shikalgar Sanam , Zope Mahesh , Sonawane Pratik , Marathe Deepti
Published: June 2021

A part to be injection molded is evaluated by simulation for warpage analysis. The plastic part is a supporting plate to be used in the oil filter and it’s made out of nylon material. The effect of various parameters from design to processing of plastic parts is considered and validated by simulation results. The research involved in this was designing mould, computer-aided engineering, simulation analysis, and determination of plastic part processing conditions.
In this work PA66 (Grade name – Zytel 70G13HS1LNC010) material is used and the material contains 13 % of fiber. Fiber orientation is nothing but the distribution of plastic melt inside the cavity and it also plays important role in deciding the warpage of part.
The effect of process parameters on part warpage is investigated from various aspects in comparison with the conventional runner system. Hot runner mould system with innovative cooling channel designs is good results-driven. Results of simulations reveal that elevated mould temperature reduces the unwanted freezing time during the injection phase and thus improves mouldability and enhances part quality. Under similar mould temperature conditions, the effect of process parameters on warpage decreases according to the following order, packing time, packing pressure, melt temperature, injection pressure, and cooling time respectively.
Manufacturing support for porosity reduction of polymer composite material components
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University), Malysheva G. V. , Guzeva T. A. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University (National Research University)
Published: June 2021

The main regulations for manufacturing support of the quality of polymer composite material components based on thermoplastic and thermosetting matrices are presented. Using examples of polymer composite material components, the effect of a molding technology and the chemical nature of a matrix on values of shrinkage and porosity was demonstrated. The effect of shrinkage and porosity on polymer matrices and composite materials based on different reinforcing materials is discussed.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use in Slovakia: Results of a National Population Survey
Authors: Soucek Ivan , Hofreiter Roman
Published: June 2021

Introduction: The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)
in Europe has intensely increased in recent decades. To acquire
information about the patterns and trends of CAM use in Slovakia, a
nationwide representative survey was conducted on Slovakian adult
population.
Methods: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey was
administered to the general population of Slovakian residents aged 18
years and over. The respondents were interviewed face-to-face by
professional interviewers. Data were collected during September 2019 as
a part of an omnibus survey on a variety of subjects.
Results: Altogether, 82.4% of the respondents reported either regular
CAM method use or the lifetime prevalence of such use. The most
frequently reported group of methods were biologically based treatments
(78.9%), followed by manipulative and body-based methods (54.4%),
mind-body interventions (31.9%), whole medical systems (18.2%) and
energy therapies (4.2%). Vitamins (71.1%), herbal teas (68.1%),
massages (53.6%), religious healing (20.3%) and special diets (18.8%)
were the five most commonly preferred CAM modalities. It was indicated
that female respondents with higher household income are more likely to
use CAM.
Conclusions: Female gender, higher income and higher education are
significant predictors of CAM use. The study highlights the association
between satisfaction with healthcare systems, health situations, and the
use of CAM.
Libyan Crisis: Illusion of International Norms or Realities of Modern Humanitarian Intervention?
Authors: Bentil Shadrack
Published: June 2021

The place of norms in international affairs is a subject long discussed, but the concerns persist even in the 21st century. Indeed, the turbulence in the world never ends but shifts. Once a region is seemingly enjoying stability and peace, others struggle to deal with instability and turbulence. The affected regions, when it degenerates into uncontrollable crises or unthinkable human rights abuse, require some interventions to reduce the casualties and save lives. Therefore, the need to intervene is not a bad thing, rather the inherent motivations and justifications for the course often is. Are humanitarian interventions really driven by norms or interest? The paper attempts to interrogate this simple but complex question using the post Gaddafi Libya as an example. The paper argues that the projection of norms as the motivation for modern humanitarian interventions are more palpable and a sideshow of the great powers. The paper relied heavily on desk review of secondary data.
Holographic surface and focusing
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: June 2021

Holographic surface and focusing
STUDI IMPLEMENTASI PENERAPAN PROGRAM ADIWIYATA UNTUK MEMBENTUK PERILAKU PEDULI LINGKUNGAN DI KALANGAN SISWA
Authors: Indahwati Destriana
Published: June 2021

Perilaku peduli lingkungan masih sangat minim, termasuk di kalangan siswa. Salah satu upaya untuk membentuk perilaku peduli lingkungan di kalangan siswa yaitu melalui penerapan program Adiwiyata melalui pendidikan formal pada semua jenjang sekolah. Permasalahannya, penerapan program Adiwiyata yang telah dilakukan ternyata belum menjamin terbentuknya perilaku peduli lingkungan warga sekolah. Atas dasar deksripsi tersebut, maka tujuan dari penelitian yaitu menganalisis hubungan Adiwiyata dalam upaya pembentukan perilaku peduli lingkungan, ditinjau dari aspek pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan siswa. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil riset di sekolah yang sudah Adiwiyata menunjukkan sebesar 48% siswa tingkat pengetahuannya tinggi, 99% siswa mempunyai sikap baik terhadap lingkungan, dan 79% siswa mempunyai tindakan baik terhadap lingkungan. Adapun sekolah yang belum Adiwiyata, sebesar 33% siswa tingkat pengetahuannya tinggi, 99% siswa mempunyai sikap baik terhadap lingkungan, dan 76% siswa mempunyai tindakan baik terhadap lingkungan. Dengan demikian terdapat hubungan antara penerapan Adiwiyata dengan pembentukan pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan di kalangan siswa.
Lampu Emergency
Authors: Kamal Titi
Published: June 2021

Lampu emergeny memiliki fungsi utama yaitu sebagai penerang saat pemadaman listrik sehingga dapat membantu aktivitas manusia dalam melakukan berbagai pekerjaan khususnya di malam hari, alat ini merupakan salah satu alternatif yang aman digunakan dan alat-alat untuk membuatnya sangat mudah ditemukan di toko-toko elektronik. Lampu emergency salah satu inovasi baru dalam mengelola model serta mengkreasikan menjadi model yang lebih simpel dan tidak membahayakan pengguna dalam pemakaian. Dari segi harga pun, lampu emergency termasuk harga terjangkau bagi kalangan masyarakat dari ekonomi bawah sampai menengah, bukan itu saja lampu emergency bisa menjadi pilihan terbaik karena dari segi model, ketahanan, harga jauh lebih unggul dibandingkan alat penerang tradisional yang masih digunakan dikalangan masyarakat.
AKADEMISI DALAM LINGKARAN DARING
Authors: Wijayanto Adi
Published: June 2021

Proses pendidikan yang sudah terbiasa dilakukan di sekolah dan perguruan tinggi harus mampu juga diwujudkan ketika harus belajar dari rumah. Kondisi ini tentu menjadi tantangan bagi profesi bidang pendidikan. Buku dengan judul “AKADEMISI DALAM LINGKARAN DARING” ini hadir tentunya untuk menjadi salah satu referensi bagaimana seharusnya para profesi bidang pendidikan menjalankan profesinya. Prediksi berbagai pihak bahwa belajar di rumah secara digital (online) diperkirakan relatif tidak dapat mewujudkan hasil belajar yang optimal, seperti diketahui bahwa hasil belajar di sekolah secara umum diukur melalui tiga domain yaitu kognitif (pengetahuan), psikomotor (keterampilan atau penguasaan gerak atau keahlian) dan afektif (perubahan sikap atau perilaku atau kharakter). Domain kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor diyakini masih dapat diwujudkan melalui online meskipun relatif kurang optimal hasil belajarnya. Terobosan yang banyak disarankan melalui berbagai metode belajar daring (dalam jaringan) atau secara digital (online) di tengah badai Covid-19. Upaya untuk mempertahankan kualitas pendidikan yang diukur dari tingkat capaian hasil belajar di tengah Pandemi Covid-19 tentu menjadi target dari para penulis Bunga Rampai ini yang dijabarkan dalam berbagai topik sebagaimana tututan kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di sekolah dimana ketiga domain tersebut saling terkait untuk mewujudkan capaian hasil belajar. Secara garis besar ukuran yang dapat digunakan dari tiga domain tersebut adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan murid melalui apa yang dipelajari. Hal ini tidak luput dari pemikiran penulis untuk membahasnya sehingga buku Bunga Rampai menjadi menarik bagi setiap pembaca.
MAKALAH TEOLOGI PERJANJIAN BARU 1 (Otoritas Dan Realibilitas Alkitab Dalam Pusaran Kritik Alkitab)
Authors: Laurens Intan
Published: June 2021

Alkitab merupakan sekumpulan naskah yang dianggap suci, yang diilhamkan kepada manusia. Alkitab adalah salah satu alat komunikasi antara manusia dengan Allah. Alkitab itu firman Allah yang tidak memiliki kesalahan karena merupakan firman yang disampaikan Allah sendiri dan tidak di tulis berdasarkan dari perkataan manusia. Karena itu, Alkitab adalah firman Allah, maka alkitab tidak mengandung kesalahan, tidak boleh di ubah, di tambah atau di kurangi. Walaupun Alkitab merupakan buku yang sulit dipahami, tetapi setiap isi dari kitab-kitab dari Alkitab tersebut memiliki suatu makna atau arti yang berhubungan dengan pribadi dan Karya Allah dalam Tuhan Yesus Kristus.
Differential expression of transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 4 in human endometrial cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2021

Gynecologic cancers including cancers of the endometrium are a clinical problem (1-4). We mined published and public microarray data (5, 6) to discover genes associated with endometrial cancers by comparing transcriptomes of the normal endometrium and endometrial tumors from humans. We identified transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C member 4, encoded by TRPC4, as among the most differentially expressed genes, transcriptome-wide, in cancers of the endometrium. TRPC4 was expressed at significantly lower levels in endometrial tumor tissues as compared to the endometrium. Importantly, in human endometrial cancer, primary tumor expression of TRPC4 was correlated with overall survival in black patients with low mutational burden. TRPC4 may be a molecule of interest in understanding the etiology or progression of human endometrial cancer.
Kajian Apologetika terhadap teori bahwa Yesus melakukan sesat pikir saat mengajar dan menyampaikan argumentasi
Authors: Laurens Intan
Published: June 2021

Dalam dunia ini manusia hidup dengan berbagai perbedaan, Perbedaan Suku, ras dan terutama Agama. Hidup dengan prinsip dan juga kepercayaan masing-masing adaah sebuah seni hidup yang tentu akan terus di temui. Dalam bagian ini banyak orang yang hidup dengan kepercayaan kepada Yesus Kristus. namun di tengah itu tantangan terus dijumpai seperti halnya tentang adanya suatu kritik terhadap pribadi Yesus dan paling sering di dengar adanya kritik terhadap ajaran-Nya. Banyak orang-orang ateis bahkan orang yang diluar Kristen seringkali beradu pendapat mengenai Yesus Kristus. Agaknya Yesus adalah pribadi yang menarik untuk menjadi pembahasan dalam segala sisi, sebab Yesus adalah tokoh terbesar dalam sepanjang Zaman, Yesus adalah pribadi yang sudah hadir secara Roh dan tinggal dalam kehidupan manusia.
LAMPU LED BERJALAN DENGAN SPEED VARIABEL DENGAN ARDUINO UNO R3
Authors: Kapailu Rizal
Published: June 2021

Fungsi utama dari Running Text LED untuk menarik perhatian orang untuk melihatnya. Karena warna dan tulisannya yang menarik membuat orang selalu ingin melihat tulisan itu.
Công nghệ AI có thể mang lại gì cho nghệ thuật Việt Nam?
Authors: Ho Manh-Toan
Published: June 2021

Chân dung của Edmond Belamy đánh dấu lần đầu tiên một bức tranh với tác giả là một thuật toán được đấu giá và bán thành công. Tại Việt Nam, dường như chúng ta lại chưa có sự chuẩn bị chu đáo với các ảnh hưởng dài hạn và sâu sắc mà công nghệ AI có thể mang đến cho nghệ thuật, hội họa.
A practical framework for evaluating innovation projects
Authors: Komatsu Rafael
Published: June 2021

Organizations have increased the search for innovation to promote the sustainability and to enjoy the benefits that it can bring. At the same time, characteristics inherent to innovation, such as being intrinsically risky and more erratic than other initiatives, require exceptional fault tolerance since it can bring exceptional results and great profits as well as it can lead to major failures or a return far below expectations. Additionally, there is a relationship between innovation and sustainability in the sense that innovation can generate value in the financial sphere, but also in social and environmental spheres. However, the decision makers normally consider only financial criteria to select and invest in innovation projects while it is not trivial to consider also social and environmental aspects in these decisions. In that context, this research presents a novel practical framework for evaluating innovation projects using sustainability criteria in order to support organizations in assessing and directing corporate resources for innovation projects. For that, financial, social, and environmental indicators were identified and combined with innovative ones, resulting in a total of 12 different indicators. All these indicators were organized in automatic and electronic worksheets developed with Microsoft Excel®. Then, when the data of an innovative project are inserted in these worksheets, the results are normalized and summarized in a sustainability score as well as are used to build a commented report. The practical framework is user-friendly and can contribute to increase innovation for sustainability practices in organizations.
Environmental variability at the margin of the South American Monsoon System recorded by a high-resolution sediment record from Lagoa Dourada (South Brazil)
Authors: Zolitschka Bernd , Lee An-Sheng , Piraquive Bermúdez Daniela , Giesecke Thomas
Published: June 2021

High-resolution geochemical and sedimentological data have been obtained for a lacustrine sediment record from Lagoa Dourada (South Brazil). Four distinctly different depositional processes were determined: (1) Suspension fallout of fine-grained minerogenic particles transferred via fluvial activity dominates the Early Holocene and relates to open grassland in the catchment area; (2) Activation of the karst hydrological system with deposition of massive sand layers indicates increased precipitation at the onset of the Middle Holocene; (3) Minerogenic sediments are replaced by organic deposition due to wetter climatic conditions with the expansion of woodlands in combination with release of dissolved nutrients due to enhanced pedogenesis during the Middle to Late Holocene; (4) Human-induced land-use change caused destabilization of soils in the catchment area with resulting cultural soil erosion between AD 1800 and 1950. These depositional trends are linked to intensity variations of the South American Monsoon System (SAMS). Century-long climatic events detected by data of high-resolution XRF scanning confirm this relationship and provide signals of the 8.2 and 4.2 ka events as well as of the Little Ice Age. These events document increased rainfall with complex responses of the environmental system. Our SAMS-induced consequences of past hydroclimatic variability on the environment of South Brazil provide background information for better evaluating model projections of future climate change.
A Multiphysics approach to constrain the dynamics of the Altiplano-Puna magmatic system
Authors: Spang Arne , Baumann Tobias , Kaus Boris
Published: June 2021

Continuous Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) monitoring (> 25 years) has revealed a concentric surface deformation pattern above the Altiplano-Puna magma body (APMB) in the central Andes. Here, we use a joint interpretation of seismic imaging, gravity anomalies and InSAR data to constrain location, 3D geometry and density of the magma body. By combining gravity modelling, thermomechanical modelling, scaling law analysis and Bayesian inference, we are able to create a relationship between the geometry of a mid-crustal magma body and surface observations. Furthermore, we can estimate the uncertainties associated with the geometry of the APMB and identify the most important parameters that control the dynamics of the system. We constrain the density contrast between the APMB and the surrounding host rock to 90 - 130 kg m−3 (2σ) and the associated melt fraction to 15 - 22 %. Our visco-elasto-plastic 3D thermomechanical model reproduces the observed surface deformation self-consistently by buoyancy driven magma transport without the need for additional pressure sources. The flow pattern is controlled by a central rise at the top of the APMB whose geometry can be constrained with the help of InSAR observations while Bouguer anomalies constrain the deeper parts of the APMB. Automated scaling law analysis shows that the rheology of the upper crust and the magma mush as well as the density contrast between the two are the most important parameters in the system and need to be constrained for a better understanding of the subsurface processes.
Longitudinal association between subjective and objective memory in older adults: a study with the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project sample
Authors: Teles Mariana , Shi Dingjing
Published: June 2021

The association between subjective memory complaints (SMCs) and objective memory performance (OMP) has been consistently reported as small, but how the dynamics of this association changes as a function of depressive symptoms and the individual's cognitive functioning level remains unclear. Method: using the bivariate dual change score approach, the present study investigated the directionality of the SMC-OMP association in a sample of healthy older adults (N = 2,057) from the Virginia Cognitive Aging Project. The sample was assessed throughout ten years, five-time points, and the impact of education, depressive symptoms, and low-memory functioning were tested. Three dimensions of SMC were assessed: Frequency of Forgetting, Seriousness of Forgetting, and Retrospective Memory. Results: For Frequency of Forgetting and Seriousness of Forgetting, the unidirectional models in which both subjective dimensions predicted subsequent changes in OMP showed the best fit to the data. For Retrospective Memory, the opposite direction was supported, with OMP leading the association. However, significant coupling effects were not found between these pairs of constructs. After including depressive symptoms as a covariate, Frequency of Forgetting significantly predicted subsequent changes in OMP (γ= -1.226, SE = 0.543). A similar result was found for the low-memory functioning group after the inclusion of depression, with the frequency of memory complaints predicting subsequent memory decline (γ = -1.026, SE = 0.112, p < 0.05). Our results do not support a predictive value of SMC for OMP without accounting for the influence of depressive symptoms and low-memory functioning in this longitudinal association.
Eight Hypotheses on Technology Use and Mental Wellbeing: A Bicultural Phenomenological Study of Gaming during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Karhulahti Veli-Matti , Nerg Henri , Laitinen Tanja , Päivinen Antti , Chen Yingrong
Published: June 2021

In this nonconfirmatory qualitative study, we pursued a range of hypotheses regarding how gaming operates in the lives and psychosocial wellbeing of those who actively play videogames during a crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Informed by an explorative survey (N = 793), interpretive phenomenological analysis was applied to interview data from actively gaming Chinese (n = 10) and Finnish (n = 10) participants. Our findings demonstrate how the general increase of pandemic-time gaming did not manifest in all player groups, but in some life contexts gaming activity rather decreased along with reformations in subjective meaning hierarchies and values. Ultimately, eight subordinate themes were refined into testable hypotheses. The study encourages policies that promote socially supportive gaming during pandemic-like situations to consider including personally meaningful solitary play in their recommendations and highlighting context-specificity over generalization. As almost all our data points echoing experiences of decreasing gaming activity came from China, we finally stress the importance of culturally diverse samples in the psychological study of global phenomena.
Psychedelics alter metaphysical beliefs
Authors: Timmermann Christopher , Kettner Hannes , Letheby Chris , Roseman Leor , Rosas Fernando , Carhart-Harris Robin
Published: June 2021

Are psychedelics able to induce lasting changes in metaphysical beliefs? While it is popularly believed that they can, this has never been systematically tested. Here we exploited a large sample derived from prospective online surveying to determine whether and how beliefs concerning the nature of reality, consciousness, and free-will, change after psychedelic use. Results revealed significant shifts away from ‘physicalist’ or ‘materialist’ views, and towards panpsychism and fatalism, post use. These changes remained detectable at 6 months, and were associated with the extent of past use and improved mental-health outcomes. Path modelling suggested that the belief-shifts were moderated by impressionability at baseline and mediated by perceived emotional synchrony with others during the psychedelic experience. The observed belief-shifts post psychedelic use were confirmed by data from an independent controlled clinical trial. Together, these findings imply that psychedelic use has a causal influence on metaphysical beliefs – shifting them away from ‘hard materialism’.
Does the claustrum have a function? Lessons from human lesion and animal studies point to divergent multifunctionality
Authors: Atilgan Huriye , Doody Max , Oliver David K , McGrath Thomas M , Shelton Andrew M , Echeverria-Altuna Irene , Tracey Irene , Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V , Manohar Sanjay G , Packer Adam M
Published: June 2021

The claustrum is the most densely interconnected region in the human brain. Despite the accumulating data from clinical and experimental studies, the functional role(s) of the claustrum remain unknown. Here, we systematically review claustrum lesion studies and discuss their functional implications. Claustral lesions are associated with an array of signs and symptoms, including changes in cognitive, perceptual and motor abilities; electrical activity; mental state; and sleep. The wide range of symptoms observed following claustral lesions suggests that the claustrum may either have a number of distinct functions, or a global function that impacts many neural processes. We further discuss the implications of these lesions in the context of recent evidence linking the claustrum to sensory perception, sleep, and salience as well as highlighting an underexplored link between the claustrum and pain. We hypothesize that the claustrum is connected to multiple brain networks, both ancient and advanced, which underly fundamental functions as well as higher cognitive processes. Extensive evidence derived from human lesion studies and animal experiments provides unequivocal evidence for a key function of the claustrum as a multifunctional node in numerous networks.
Understanding the Structure of Cognitive Noise
Authors: Zhu Jian-Qiao , Leon-Villagra Pablo , Chater Nick , Sanborn Adam N
Published: June 2021

Human cognition is fundamentally noisy. While routinely regarded as a nuisance in experimental investigation, the few studies investigating properties of cognitive noise have found surprising structure. A first line of research has shown that inter-response-time distributions are heavy-tailed. That is, response times between subsequent trials usually change only a small amount, but with occasional large changes. A second, separate, line of research has found that participants’ estimates and response times both exhibit long-range autocorrelations (i.e., 1/f noise). Thus, each judgment and response time not only depends on its immediate predecessor but also on many previous responses. These two lines of research use different tasks and have distinct theoretical explanations: models that account for heavy-tailed response times do not predict 1/f autocorrelations and vice versa. Here, we find that 1/f noise and heavy-tailed response distributions co-occur in both types of tasks. We also show that a statistical sampling algorithm, developed to deal with patchy environments, generates both heavy-tailed distributions and 1/f noise, suggesting that cognitive noise may be a functional adaptation to dealing with a complex world.
Jab My Arm, Not My Morality: Perceived Moral Reproach as a Barrier to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake
Authors: Rosenfeld Daniel L. , Tomiyama A. Janet
Published: June 2021

Vaccinating the public against COVID-19 is critical for pandemic recovery, yet a large proportion of people remain unwilling to get vaccinated. Beyond known factors like perceived vaccine safety or COVID-19 risk, an overlooked sentiment contributing to vaccine hesitancy may rest in moral cognition. Specifically, we theorize that a factor fueling hesitancy is perceived moral reproach: the feeling, among unvaccinated people, that vaccinated people are judging them as immoral. Through a highly powered, preregistered study of unvaccinated U.S. adults (total N = 846), we found that greater perceived moral reproach independently predicted stronger refusal to get vaccinated against COVID-19, over and above other relevant variables. Of 22 predictors tested, perceived moral reproach was the fifth strongest—stronger than perceived risk of COVID-19, underlying health conditions status, and trust in scientists. These findings suggest that considering the intersections of morality and upward social comparison may help to explain vaccine hesitancy.
Which measures matter? A behavioral ecology view of “market integration” among the matrilineal Mosuo of Southwest China
Authors: Mattison Siobhan , Hare Darragh , Reynolds Adam Z. , Sum Chun-Yi , Shenk Mary K , Blumenfield Tami , Su Mingjie , Li Hui , Wander Katherine
Published: June 2021

Market integration (MI) is a complex process through which individuals transition from relatively subsistence-based to market-oriented activities. Changes associated with MI alter the landscapes of individual health and reproductive decision-making. While the consequences of MI are often easily detected, the specific pathways through which MI affects decision-making are context-dependent and under-investigated. We employed an information-theoretic model selection approach to characterize relationships between multiple indicators of MI and three outcomes commonly associated with MI, waist circumference (n = 431), systolic blood pressure (n = 472), and age at first reproduction (n = 974), among adult matrilineal Mosuo participants from 505 households in six villages in southwest China. Different MI indicators, distributed across individual, household, and community levels of social organization, predicted these three outcomes, demonstrating that individuals’ personal circumstances, household structure, and community affect how they experience and respond to MI. We emphasize the importance of identifying and measuring multiple context-appropriate indicators of MI across levels of social organization. Theoretical frameworks that situate hypotheses of MI within specific social, cultural, and historical contexts will be most capable of identifying specific pathways through which multiple elements of MI affect different domains of decision making.
The Last Dutch Smallpox Epidemic: Infectious Disease and Social Inequalities in Amsterdam, 1870-1872
Authors: Muurling Sanne , Riswick Tim , Buzasi Katalin
Published: June 2021

The complex relationship between the history of infectious diseases and social inequalities has recently attracted renewed attention. Smallpox has so far largely escaped this revived scholarly scrutiny, despite its century-long status as one of the deadliest and widespread of all infectious diseases. Literature has demonstrated that important differences between rural and urban communities, and between cities, but has so far failed to address disparities within cities due to varying living conditions and disease environments. This article examines the last nationwide upsurge of smallpox in the Netherlands through the lens of Amsterdam’s 50 neighbourhoods in the period 1870-1872. We use a mixed methods approach combining qualitative spatial analysis and OLS regression to investigate which part of the population was affected most by this epidemic in terms of age and sex, geographic distribution across the city, and underlying socio-demographic neighbourhood characteristics such as relative wealth, house density, crude death rate, and birth rate. Our analyses reveal a significant spatial patterning of smallpox mortality that can largely be explained by existing socio-demographic neighbourhood characteristics. The smallpox epidemic was not socially neutral, but lays bare some of the deep-seated social and health inequalities across the city.
Low Religion or No Religion? Improving Research with the Logic of Machine Learning
Authors: Stewart Evan
Published: June 2021

Social science research is interested in the growing number of Americans who express no religious affiliation on surveys, but concerns about underreporting, misreporting, and inconsistency in lived religion raises a question about our most common survey measure of nonreligious self-identification. What is the predictive validity of our current explanations for why people disaffiliate? I advance the current literature using a logistic regression model for no religious affiliation fit on eleven samples from the General Social Survey (1988-2014) to predict respondents’ affiliation in the 2016 and 2018 samples. Results show our explanations can yield a fairly accurate predictive model, but errors are important and informative. The model is more likely to misclassify religiously unaffiliated respondents as affiliated. Analysis using model estimates shows that selection effects into non-affiliation explain differences in political views on culture wars issues. These findings challenge the use of categorical measures for nonreligion alone, because they suggest that measures of “low religion,” rather than “no religion,” are more useful for researchers seeking to overcome survey measurement error in studying this group.
SEBARAN HABITAT ANGGREK ALAM DI TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU
Authors: Nasrun Muhammad Syaifuddin
Published: June 2021

Keanekaragaman jenis anggrek alam di Taman Nasional Lore Lindu belum banyak diungkapkan, namun berbagai habitatnya terancam kelestariannya karena aktivitas manusia. Dalam buku ini membahas mengenai keanekaragaman jenis anggrek pada berbagai tipe hutan yang berbeda ketinggian, serta faktor lingkungan dan jenis tumbuhan inangnya. Penelitian dalam buku ini dilakukan dari bulan Januari sampai Juni 2019 di empat tempat yang berbeda tipe hutannya berdasarkan elevasi, yaitu Bobo (hutan dataran rendah), Kamarora (hutan pegunungan bawah), Kalimpa’a (hutan pegunungan), dan Rorekautimbu (hutan pegunungan atas) dalam kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu (TNLL). Hasil penelitian dalam buku ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat 45 jenis anggrek (26 marga), yang terdiri dari 36 bersifat epifit dan 9 jenis terrestrial dengan total 242 individu. Pada hutan dataran rendah dan hutan pegunungan atas ditemukan 22 jenis, hutan pegunungan bawah 12 jenis dan pada hutan pegunungan 16 jenis anggrek. Indek keaneragaman jenis (H’) di semua lokasi tergolong rendah nilainya < 1. Kemerataan jenis (e) anggrek pada empat lokasi tergolong sedang pada hutan dataran rendah 0,908, hutan pegunungan rendah 0,731.