bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Real-World Evidence of User Engagement With Mobile Health for Diabetes Management: Longitudinal Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Böhm Anna-Katharina , Jensen Morten Lind , Sørensen Mads Reinholdt , Stargardt Tom
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Patient support apps have risen in popularity and provide novel opportunities for self-management of diabetes. Such apps offer patients to play an active role in monitoring their condition, thereby increasing their own treatment responsibility. Although many health apps require active user engagement to be effective, there is little evidence exploring engagement with mobile health (mHealth).

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to analyze the extent to which users engage with mHealth for diabetes and identify patient characteristics that are associated with engagement.

METHODS

The analysis is based on real-world data obtained by Novo Nordisk’s Cornerstones4Care Powered by Glooko diabetes support app. User engagement was assessed as the number of active days and using measures expressing the persistence, longevity, and regularity of interaction within the first 180 days of use. Beta regressions were estimated to assess the associations between user characteristics and engagement outcomes for each module of the app.

RESULTS

A total of 9051 individuals initiated use after registration and could be observed for 180 days. Among these, 55.39% (5013/9051) used the app for one specific purpose. The average user activity ratio varied from 0.05 (medication and food) to 0.55 (continuous glucose monitoring), depending on the module of the app. Average user engagement was lower if modules required manual data entries, although the initial uptake was higher for these modules. Regression analyses further revealed that although more women used the app (2075/3649, 56.86%), they engaged significantly less with it. Older people and users who were recently diagnosed tended to use the app more actively.

CONCLUSIONS

Strategies to increase or sustain the use of apps and availability of health data may target the mode of data collection and content design and should take into account privacy concerns of the users at the same time. Users’ engagement was determined by various user characteristics, indicating that particular patient groups should be targeted or assisted when integrating apps into the self-management of their disease.
The Use of Psychoactive Substances in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Brazil (Preprint)
Authors: Weber César Augusto Trinta , Monteiro Ingridi Teixeira , Gehrke Julia Medeiros , de Souza Wagner Silva
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

The protocols for mitigating the transmission of Covid-19 seem to be a trigger for the use of psychoactive substances, as an individual's adaptive response to support this new way of being in the world.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the use of psychoactive substances in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil.

METHODS

A cross-sectional and prospective observational study, undertaken in a virtual environment. An online survey was developed and employed through Google Forms to collect data. The survey was made available to participants on social networks, Facebook@, Whatsapp@, and Instagram@, linked to the research group, during the period 06/15/2020 to 07/15/2020. 1,145 individuals participated in the research.

RESULTS

The average age of the participants was 37 years old. They were mostly female, white, Brazilians, with a higher education level, with occupations in the health field, and had religion. They either maintained their family income or suffered a small income decrease. Moreover, they informed that they were caring for social isolation. The most used substances before and after the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic were alcohol, tobacco, marijuana, although the use of these substances decreased (P<0.001). Approximately 32% of the participants started using psychoactive substances in this period. Among them, most individuals started by their own initiative.

CONCLUSIONS

For a better understanding of the pattern use of psychoactive substances during the Covid-19 pandemic and the adverse effects on human behavior and mental disorders, careful longitudinal studies must be developed, due to the great interest in the knowledge of adaptive responses when people's lives are at risk.
Feasibility of Using Electronic Health Records for Cascade Monitoring and Cost Estimates in Implementation Science Studies in the Adolescent Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (Preprint)
Authors: Dark Tyra , Simpson Kit N , Gurung Sitaji , Pennar Amy L , Chew Marshall , Naar Sylvie
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

One of the most difficult areas in the fight against HIV/AIDS is reaching out to youth aged 13 to 24 years. The proportion of youth living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and who are virally undetectable is low, highlighting significant challenges for reaching the Joint United Nations Program on HIV targets.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of obtaining key clinical indicators and monitoring treatment, viral suppression, and retention components of the youth HIV treatment cascade in Adolescent Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions clinics using electronic health record (EHR) downloads and to provide baseline characteristics for the study participants.

METHODS

EHR data were systematically obtained from multiple clinical sites and used to meaningfully capture clinical characteristics, initiation of antiretrovirals, and retention in care, which are part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s 4 continuum of care measures. In addition, this study used standard cost values attached to Current Procedural Terminology codes to estimate the cost per visit.

RESULTS

Only 2 of the 4 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention treatment cascade measures were assessed using routine EHR data. EHR data are not adequate for monitoring HIV testing or linkage to care because denominator data are not available. However, the data work well for measuring ART initiation and adequately for retention in care. The sites were broadly able to provide information for the required data. However, in most cases, these data are insufficient for identifying patterns of missed appointments because such misses are not captured in the EHR system. Sites with good access to data management resources can operate more efficiently for cascade monitoring study purposes.

CONCLUSIONS

Data other than EHRs are needed to measure HIV testing and linkage to youth care. EHR data are useful for measuring ART initiation and work moderately well for measuring retention in care. Site data management resources should be part of the selection process when looking for site partners for clinical studies that plan to use EHR data. Study planners should determine the feasibility of additional funding for organizations in need of additional information technology or data management resources.

CLINICALTRIAL
Effect of Interest Rates on Private Sector Debt in Kenya
Authors: Kibunja Philip Njau , Fatoki Olanrewaju Isola
Published: November 2020

This study sought to examine the effect of interest rates on domestic private sector debt in Kenya over the 30 year period from 1990 to 2019. The dependent variable was private sector domestic debt, the independent variable was commercial bank weighted average lending rate while the control variables were annual GDP growth, extended broad money (M3) and annual USD-KES exchange rate. Using the Prais-Winstein estimator model, the regression model findings were commercial bank lending rate had an insignificant relationship with domestic debt at 95% confidence level but significant at 90% level while money supply had a negative and significant relationship with domestic debt. The study noted predominance of the banking sector in the financial sector and identified the need of a well-developed corporate debt market.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GASTRO RETENTIVE MUCOADHESIVE MICROBEADS CONTAINING SIMVASTATIN WITH DIFFERENT CROSS LINKING AGENTS
Authors: K. VENKATA RAMANA REDDY , M. V. NAGABHUSHANAM , B. PAMULA REDDY , E. RAVINDAR NAIK
Published: November 2020

Objective: The aim of the present work was to prepare and examine drug release of the oral controlled release microbeads using different curing agents by emulsification internal ionic gelation technique.

Methods: Cross-linked alginate microbeads were prepared with different cross linking agents by using mucoadhesive properties. The formation and compatibility of microbeads were confirmed by compatibility studies. Prepared microbeads evaluated for encapsulated efficiency, micromeritic properties, drug loading, in vitro wash off studies, in vitro dissolution studies, drug release kinetics and stability studies

Results: The in vitro drug release was influenced by both type of curing agents and type of polymers and no significant changes in characterization parameters was observed after 3 mo stability studies. The sustained release profile of optimized batch was found to be 99.66±0.18% in comparison to pure drug profile of 28.64±0.02% at 12 h release study. Results of both wash-off and in vitro studies suggests that batch (SF2) prepared with aluminium chloride has shown better mucoadhesive property. Drug release of optimized batch follows zero order with non fickian mechanism according to Korsmeyer-Peppas equation.

Conclusion: The data suggest the use of simvastatin mucoadhesive cross linked microbeads to offer the potential for oral controlled drug delivery with improved gastric retention and capable to provide sustained drug release by using cross linking agents.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF BELIMBING WULUH (AVERRHOA BILIMBI L.) ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT ON GEL FORMULATED AGAINST PROPIONIBACTERIUM ACNES AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
Authors: PERTIWI DEWI , HAFIZ IHSANUL , JANNAH WARDATUL , WINATA HANAFIS SASTRA , SARI MELIA , SUROYO RAZIA BEGUM
Published: November 2020

Objective: Averrhoa bilimbi is a plant that is used as a food spice and traditional medicine in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to obtain a gel formula and measure its activity in inhibiting the growth of skin bacteria, namely Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus.

Methods: The gel formulation was tested organoleptically, homogeneity, pH, dispersibility test, and skin irritation test. Antibacterial activity test using agar diffusion method, inhibition of bacterial growth was compared with clindamycin as a positive control.

Results: All gel formulations showed good homogeneity, pH of the preparations ranged from 4.5 to 6.1, the dispersion test was 5.5-6.5 cm, and none of them caused irritation to the skin. The results of the inhibitory activity against the growth of Propionibacterium acnes bacteria on concentrations 10, 15, and 20% were 16.67 + 0.40, 22.70 + 0.32 and 28.10 + 0.36 and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were 18.53 + 0.22, 24.16 + 0.29 and 30.40 + 0.4.  The inhibitory activity of clindamycin against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were 35.33+0.29 and 36.30+0.37.

Conclusion: Ethyl acetate extract gel Averrhoa bilimbi had good activity in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and has the potential to be used as an herbal anti-acne drug.
LIQUISOLID-PELLETS TECHNIQUE: A RECENT TECHNIQUE FOR ENHANCING SOLUBILITY AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF DRUGS
Authors: KANUGO ABHISHEK
Published: November 2020

The current article aims with the introduction of newer solubility enhancing technique as Liquisolid-pellet. The majority of newly invented molecules comes under the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) Class II, IV indicating poor solubility and thereby poor bioavailability. Liquisolid Compaq is one of the solubility enhancement techniques used for improving solubility and dissolution of the molecule by incorporating non-volatile solvent followed by carrier and coating agents. However, this technique is only applicable to potent molecules as a higher dose resulted in inconvenience to the patient and difficult to swallow. Another drawback of this method is not suitable for pilot plant scale-up. Liquisolid pellet technique overcoming all limitations of Liquisolid Compaq and offers good compaction, flowability, dose accuracy, less gastric irritations, and better bioavailability. In the Liquisolid-Pellet technique, powdered material received from Liquisolid Compaq is further moistened with granulating fluid to provide enough plasticity. The material is subjected to extrusion using an extruder to generate extrudates. The extrudates are placed under the spheronizer to form spherical particles as Pellets. The pellets are mainly prepared by extrusion-spheronization and hence, articles elaborate details of extruders and spheronizers, their specifications as well as factors, which strongly impart processing. These pellets are filled in capsules according to their dose and utilized as an immediate release or sustained release. The literature related to this review was collected from Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Google, USPTO, etc. from 1998 to 2020 with the following key-words.
Моделирование свойств индивидуальных коллоидных наночастиц оксида кремния
Authors: Кудрявцев П.Г.
Published: November 2020

Настоящая статья посвящена описанию взаимодействия частиц дисперсной фазы в коллоидном растворе и, в частности, наночастиц оксида кремния, находящихся в растворе электролита. Предлагаемое теоретическое рассмотрение этого взаимодействия является развитием теории ДЛФО. При создании модели принято, что наночастицы оксида кремния, находящиеся в растворе электролита, представляют собой совокупность заряженных частиц, но при этом являются электронейтральными частицами. При описании взаимодействия этих систем принято приближение о малости размеров заряженных частиц по сравнению с расстоянием между ними. В настоящей работе была предпринята попытка описания взаимодействия коллоидных частиц в рамках модели взаимодействия точечных зарядов. Для этого предлагается простая модель, описывающая взаимодействие двух систем электрических зарядов, находящихся на произвольных расстояниях друг от друга. Проведенный анализ полученных потенциальных зависимостей от "жесткости" коллоидных частиц показал наличие трех особых точек. Эти точки связаны с качественным изменением вида взаимодействия частиц между собой, что позволяет выделить четыре типа коллоидных частиц, находящихся в растворах электролитов. Проведенные расчеты указывают на возможное существование сверхмягких коллоидных систем с дальнодействующими силами взаимодействия частиц между собой. В подобных системах возможно формирование дальнодействующих гиперструктур, то есть агрегатов без ближнего взаимодействия между частицами. На основе анализа полученных результатов предложена система классификации коллоидных частиц. Для жестких коллоидных систем получено выражение для вязкости коллоидного раствора в зависимости от объемной доли дисперсной фазы и от параметра, характеризующего закон притяжения при взаимодействии коллоидных частиц.
Определение продуктов деления и примесей в растворах-имитаторах отработавшего ядерного топлива методом атомно-­эмиссионной спектрометрии
Authors: Терентьева Н.Г. , Тогушаков С.А. , Ширыкалова О.А.
Published: November 2020

Методом атомно-­эмиссионной спектрометрии c азотной микроволновой плазмой проведены определения содержания стабильных изотопов, имитирующих продукты деления и примесные элементы, в растворах-­имитаторах отработавшего ядерного топлива в присутствии U, Pu, Np, Тс, Am, Cm, Pm.
Предложен способ нивелирования мешающего влияния U и Pu на измерение содержания продуктов деления и примесных элементов отработавшего ядерного топлива с использованием градуировок спектрометра, построенных на растворах с такими же концентрациями U и Pu, как и в анализируемых пробах.
Geometry of Internal Meshing of Planetary Gearwheels Cut by Non-standard Gear Shaping Tools
Authors: Suntsov A. S. , Ovsyannikov A. V. , Vychuzhanina E. F.
Published: November 2020

Приведен метод определения радиусов кривизны переходных кривых профилей зубьев сателлитов планетарных передач с внутренними зацеплениями колес и малой разницей чисел их зубьев. Для нарезания таких колес передачи целесообразно использовать нестандартный инструмент со скругленными вершинами зубьев. Представлен модифицированный исходный производящий контур и соответствующий ему профиль зуба производящего колеса (долбяка) в среднем сечении. Вершина зубьев такого режущего инструмента в отличие от стандартного скруглена, а высота их делительной головки уменьшена. Осуществлен сравнительный анализ радиусов кривизны профилей зубьев сателлитов, нарезанных стандартным и нестандартным инструментом разного типа (зубодолбежным и реечным).Показаны зависимости относительного радиуса кривизны переходных кривых профилей зубьев сателлита и колеса от углового параметра, определяющего положение режущего инструмента, позволяющие оценить их изгибную прочность в сравнении с зубьями колес, нарезанных стандартным инструментом. Представлены результаты выполненного компьютерного моделирования на участках переходных кривых профилей зубьев. Установлено, что на этих участках радиус кривизны переходной кривой профиля зуба сателлита, нарезанного нестандартным долбяком, несколько больше аналогичного параметра колеса, нарезанного таким же инструментом. Однако так как толщина зуба колеса намного больше толщины зуба сателлита, лимитирует несущую способность исследуемого зацепления колес и планетарной передачи в целом изгибная прочность зубьев сателлита. Расчеты по приведенным зависимостям показывают, что при нарезании колеса и сателлита планетарной передачи нестандартным долбяком планетарная передача работоспособна, не подвержена опасности заклинивания и имеет высокую нагрузочную способность.
Replacement in a Plane Geared Linkage of High Kinematic Pairs with Lower Pairs
Authors: Krylov E. G. , Valiev R. F.
Published: November 2020

Анализ связей в плоских механизмах является актуальной проблемой машиностроения. Несмотря на то, что классификация кинематических пар известна, проблематика сопряжения звеньев лежит в основе анализа и синтеза механизмов и машин, представляет значительный теоретический и прикладной интерес и продолжает привлекать ученых.Одной из задач, которые решаются в процессе анализа и синтеза механизмов, является замена высших кинематических пар низшими. Как правило, такая замена производится в целях выделения кинематических цепей нулевой подвижности, структурных групп Ассура. Однако замена может также быть актуальной для кинематического анализа цепей с высшими кинематическими парами в силу определенных вычислительных трудностей, связанных относительными скольжениями звеньев, и нерегулярностью формы соприкасающих­ся поверхностей. При актуальности этой замены ее использование для получения кинематических и передаточных функций затруднено в силу ситуативности замены, неизоморфности эквивалентного механизма. В то же время для ряда механизмов смешанного типа, к которым относятся зубчато-рычажные механизмы, эквивалентная замена позволила бы унифицировать методы кинематического анализа.Предложена технология замены высших кинематических пар звеньями с низшими парами, основанная на свойствах эвольвенты окружности. Доказана структурная и кинематическая эквивалентность такой замены для случая плоского зубчато-рычажного механизма. Показано, что изоморфность эквивалентного рычажного механизма позволит расширить возможности кинематического анализа, использовать кинематические функции, а также применять методы, основанные на рассмотрении мгновенных относительных вращений звеньев, в частности теорему Аронгольда – Кеннеди. Еще одним применением метода замены, который представлен в статье, будет расширение возможностей по выявлению контурных избыточных связей в механизме.
RELAZ Devices
Authors: Stollmann V. , Nikitin Yu. R. , Shoshin A. O.
Published: November 2020

Самым большим источником энергии в нашем мире является Солнце. В данной статье обсуждается одна из малоизвестных форм солнечной энергии. Этот новый альтернативный и возобновляемый источник энергии был назван «горная энергия», потому что его источником являются деревья, растущие в горах. Чтобы использовать его для привода машин, была предложена новая концепция энергетической подсистемы машины. Машины в соответствии с этой новой концепцией получили название «устройства RELAZ». Техническое описание этих гибридных устройств составляет вторую часть статьи. Устройства RELAZ изначально предназначались для лесозаготовителей, работающих в горных районах. Однако принципы, используемые в их конструкции, позволяют более эффективно применять машины с двигателями внутреннего сгорания в целом. Устройства RELAZ – это гибридные устройства. Они оснащены двигателем внутреннего сгорания, который служит только для зарядки мощного аккумулятора энергии. Процесс зарядки осуществляется при номинальной скорости двигателя внутреннего сгорания, что позволяет в 3–4 раза снизить расход топлива. Поэтому устройства RELAZ могут выгодно использоваться не только в горной местности, но и на равнине. Найден оптимальный режим работы устройств RELAZ, который имеет более широкий диапазон, чем у классических машин. Удельная энергия устройств RELAZ меньше, чем у классических машин. Было установлено, что использование канатной дороги типа RELAZ на лесной канатной дороге W30, произведенной в Швейцарии, может сэкономить 780 л в год дизельного топлива, что составляет 64 % экономии. Полученные результаты подтверждают перспективность и конкурентоспособность устройств RELAZ.
The effect of thin lenticule versus thick lenticule (a cut-off value of 55 micrometer) on the outcome of SMILE in low myopia
Authors: Shukur Zaid Yousif  Hameed
Published: November 2020

Objectives: In the current study, the aim was to evaluate the effect difference in lenticule thickness SMILE cases  (â‰¤ 55 Âµm versus > 55 Âµm) on the visual outcome in a cohort of 61 patients with low myopia (â‰¤3.0 diopters)

Methods: The current prospective cohort study included 61 patients undergoing SMILE refractive procedure during the period extending from November the 14th 2019 through June the 14th 2020, a total of 99 eyes. The study was conducted in Ibsar ophthalmology surgery centre "private medical centre" in the wholly Najaf city, mid-Euphrates region of Iraq. The cases enrolled in the study were all operated on by the same ophthalmologist. According to lenticule thickness, eyes were classified into two groups, (â‰¤ 55 Âµm versus > 55 Âµm). The main outcome variable was visual acuity postoperative within two short period of time, one week and 3 months.

Results: Comparison of visual acuity between patients with lenticule thickness of â‰¤ 55 Âµm and patients with lenticule thickness of > 55 Âµm was shown in table 6. There was no significant difference in UCVA (uncorrected visual acuity) (P = 1.000), significant difference in BCVA (best corrected visual acuity) (better with lenticule thickness of â‰¤ 55 Âµm) (P = 0.037), no significant difference in VAAS (visual acuity after surgery) (P = 0.065) and no significant difference in VA3M (visual acuity 3 months after surgery) (P = 0.599).

Conclusion: Thin lenticule of less than or equal 55 micrometer to as low as 41 micrometer can be chosen for SMILE with efficacy and safety comparable to that of thicker lenticule provided that the operation is done by well trained and skilled refractive surgeon.
Using the Duolingo Tool to Support English Classes: Using the Duolingo Tool to Support English Classes: Intervention and Experience
Authors: Padilha Thereza Patrícia , Scaico Pasqueline , Alves de Carvalho Claudio Victor , Duarte Silva Drayon Richard Magno , Soares Antonio Carlos
Published: November 2020

This abstract relates a pedagogical and technological intervention carried out by a group of students who attend an undergraduate program in computer science teaching. In order to support the English classes of a Brazilian high school, localized the city of Mamanguape in the state of Paraíba (Brazil), they performed instructional activities focused on presenting a new learning and motivational resource.
HandsOn e COMPSI: Parceria em Projetos de Realidade Virtual para Indústria, Comércio e Saúde
Authors: Oliveira Allan , Lopes Pedro , Santos Leonardo , Cruz Allan , Silva Daniel , Martins Luciamare
Published: November 2020

A empresa HandsOn, em parceria com o laboratório de pesquisa COMPSI do Centro universitário Eurípides de Marília – Univem, foi criada para atender demandas de sistemas de interfaces computacionais. Ela originou para desenvolver um sistema de apoio a interação médico-paciente, mostrando de forma visual doenças e tratamentos. Em sequência ela se envolveu na área de construção civil, criando um sistema para lojas de construção usarem com seus clientes para montarem sua casa na Realidade Virtual. E por fim ela desenvolveu um sistema de treinamento para operadores de fábrica, que permite rápida construção de procedimentos de treinamentos por gestores. Como principal contribuição, a empresa publicou o framework de código aberto Project Team, que acelera o ciclo de desenvolvimento da Realidade Virtual.
Editorial: Public and private finance and financial markets during the second wave of the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Venuti Marco
Published: November 2020

The third issue of the journal Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions provides contributions to the exploration of subjects related to public and private finance and the functioning and investment techniques of financial markets. These are all topical issues that may give rise to further research in order to understand better how countries, markets and companies are facing the challenges due to the Covid-19.
Experimental study of the effect of single walled carbon nanotube/water nanofluid on the performance of a two-phase closed thermosyphon
Authors: Chehrazi Mohammad , Moghadas Bahareh
Published: November 2020

Thermosyphons are one of the most efficient heat exchanger apparatus that are used extensively in different industries. One of the most common uses of this device is energy recovery, which is essential due to the energy crisis. Several parameters, such as geometric dimensions, type of working fluid and type of the body, affect the efficiency of a thermosyphon. In this work, the effect of type and concentration of single-walled carbon nanotube nanofluid (SWCNT/water) on the efficiency of heat transfer in a two-phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT) was investigated. For this purpose, a system with a two- -phase closed thermosyphon was initially constructed. Then SWCNT/water nanofluids at 0.2, 0.5 and 1 % weight concentration were used as the working fluid in the thermosyphon system. The results of the current experiments showed that the addition of a nanofluid at any weight concentration and an increase in input power increases the performance of the system. In addition, the heat resistance of the TPCT was reduced when the level of SWCNT and input power increased. Hence, for the prepared nanofluid samples, the minimum thermal resistance was obtained at 1 wt. % SWCNT and 120 W. Moreover, the Nusselt number increased with increasing input power and decreased with increasing concentration. In all experiments, all the prepared nanofluid samples had a significantly better thermal performance in comparison with pure water.
Seroprevalence of West Nile fever virus in horses in the Belgrade epizootiological area
Authors: Veljovic Ljubisa , Maksimovic-Zoric Jelena , Radosavljevic Vladimir , Stanojevic Slobodan , Zutic Jadranka , Kureljusic Branislav , Pavlovic Ivan , Jezdimirovic Nemanja , Milicevic Vesna
Published: November 2020

West Nile fever is a vector borne viral disease that can affect humans, horses, birds and sometimes other species of animals. Every year West Nile fever is detected in the human population in Serbia. The disease often occurs in a subclinical form, but most clinically evident cases occur in horses. Therefore, horses are recommended as a sentinel species for monitoring the general incidence of West Nile fever in a specific territory. Our goal was to determine the prevalence of antibodies against West Nile fever virus in horses in the Belgrade epizootiological area. We examined serum samples from 77 horses to determine the seroprevalence of West Nile fever virus in horses throughout the city of Belgrade. Sera were tested by commercial ELISA tests for detection of specific IgG-class antibodies to West Nile fever virus and for the detection of specific IgM-class antibodies to confirm the presence of old and acute (recent) infections in horses. The results confirmed that West Nile fever virus is widespread, detected in 70.1% of the surveyed horse population in Belgrade, and we also detected 5.1% of acute cases had occurred due to horses being infected in 2019. The seroprevalence of West Nile virus in the horse population in the municipality of Belgrade is increasing.
Improvements in Glycemic Control After Acute ModerateIntensity Continuous or HighIntensity Interval Exercise Are Greater in South Asians Than White Europeans With Nondiabetic Hyperglycemia: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Sargeant Jack A. , Jelleyman Charlotte , Coull Nicole A. , Edwardson Charlotte L. , Henson Joseph , King James A. , Khunti Kamlesh , McCarthy Matthew , Rowlands Alex V. , Stensel David J. , Waller Helen L. , Webb David R. , Davies Melanie J. , Yates Thomas
Published: November 2020

Objective: To examine whether circulating metabolic responses to low-volume
high-intensity interval (LV-HIIE) or continuous moderate-intensity aerobic (CME)
exercise differ between white Europeans and South Asians with nondiabetic hyperglycaemia
(NDH).

Research Design and
Methods: 13 white Europeans and 10 South Asians (combined median
(IQR) age 67 (60–68) years, HbA1c 5.9
(5.8–6.1)% [41.0 (39.9–43.2) mmol·mol-1]) completed three 6-hour
conditions (sedentary control [CON], LV-HIIE, CME) in a randomised order. Exercise
conditions contained a single bout of LV-HIIE and CME respectively (each ending
at 2h), with meals provided at 0 and 3h. Circulating glucose (primary outcome),
insulin, insulin resistance index (IRI), triglyceride and non-esterified fatty
acids were measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 5 and 6h. Data were analysed as
post-exercise time-averaged area under the curve (AUC), adjusted for age, sex
and pre-exercise AUC.

Results: Glucose was similar in each condition and ethnicity, with no
condition-by-ethnicity interaction (P≥0.28). However, insulin
was lower in LV-HIIE (mean [95% CI]: -44.4 [-23.7, -65.1] mU·L-1) and
CME (-33.8 [-13.7, -53.9] mU·L-1) compared to CON. Insulin responses
were greater in South Asians (interaction P=0.03) such that values were
similar in each ethnicity during exercise conditions, despite being 33% higher
in South Asians during CON. IRI followed a similar pattern to insulin. Lipids
were unaffected by exercise.

Conclusions: Reductions in insulin and insulin resistance after acute LV-HIIE and
CME are greater in South Asians than white Europeans with NDH. Further trials
are required to examine longer-term impact of LV-HIIE and CME on
cardiometabolic health.
COMPOSITIONAL AND SYNTACTIC INTERACTION OF CHARACTERS’ EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL SPEECH IN I. S. TURGENEV'S NOVEL “FATHERS AND SONS”
Authors: MARTIANOVA IRINA A.
Published: November 2020

The article considers the linguistic specifics of the external and internal speech in I. S. Turgenev's novel “Fathers and Sons”. Various ways of their compositional and syntactic interaction regulated by the author are revealed. They are determined by the dynamics of characters’ relationships, their social and psychological differentiation and development of images. The interaction is most difficult in dialogues based on dissonance or unison of the characters’ external and internal speech.
HYBRID DISCOURSE AS A RESULT OF INTERDISCOURSIVE INTERACTION
Authors: ROGOZIN ANDREY Y.
Published: November 2020

The article considers the hybridization of political and sport discourses in political texts; this interaction takes place and becomes more relevant during election campaigns. The author also analyzes some cognitive aspects of interdiscoursive interaction. It is concluded that interaction of political and sport discourses constructs a hybrid type of discourse in political texts.
KEY COMPETENCIES FORMATION FEATURES AMONG STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT PROFESSIONAL DIRECTION
Authors: KORYAGINA IRINA I. , KUKLINA LARISA V.
Published: November 2020

The key competencies are considered as an integrated indicator of personal and professional competence formation in future specialists (for example, doctors and employees of the penal enforcement system (UIS)). It is shown that the formation of key competencies in the training process is more effective if the student is characterized by a high professional orientation. Correlation of key competencies at different stages of specialists’ training can serve as an indicator related to the formation level of professional activity internal picture.
Calretinin expression as a risk biomarker for metastatic canine mammary carcinoma
Authors:   Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Iran, Dezfoulian Omid , Akbarein Hesameddin , Jamshidi Shahram , Golshahi Hananeh , Lakooraj Hamed M. , Haghighi Leila
Published: November 2020

Malignant breast tumors are the most common tumors in humans and are associated with a poor prognosis. An accurate animal model of human mammary gland tumorigenesis is needed to test novel diagnosis and treatment strategies. Dogs represent a promising model since they develop such tumors spontaneously. In the present study, three immunomarkers, including calretinin, c-Kit (CD117) and placental alkaline phosphatase (Plap), were used and compared with each other, in relation to estrogen and progesterone receptors and HER2 (triple markers), with the intention of malignancy grading. Enhanced expression of calretinin and placental alkaline phosphatase, without immunoreaction to c-Kit in neoplastic cells, is related to high-grade malignancy. Out of 50 tumors, 31 were metastasized, 29 of which (93.5%) were moderately to strongly calretinin positive (P<0.05). However, the results for c-Kit - and Plap+ in metastatic tumors were not reproducible. It may be concluded that calretinin could be introduced as a determinant biomarker in the diagnosis of breast cancer metastasis.
Evaluation of a rapid enzyme immunoassay test for diagnosis of contamination of milk, water and feces to Salmonella Typhimurium
Authors:   Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran, Khosravi Mohammad , Gharibi Darioush , Moradi Najmeh , Ghorbanpoor Masood
Published: November 2020

Serology-based detection methods have more applicable characteristics than standard bacterial culture methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate a cost-efficient, rapid, sensitive and simple test to diagnose milk, water and feces contaminated with Salmonella enteric subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). The method developed was based on the addition of HRP-conjugated anti-Salmonella antibodies to the sample, precipitation of the complexes formed using centrifuge, and evaluation of the peroxidase activity of the sample supernatants. Raw cow’s milk, water and cattle feces samples were spiked with seven concentrations of S. Typhimurium. The optimized test recorded an accurate volume and concentration of HRP-conjugated antibodies, the bacteria, samples, ionic compounds and the precise time of the reaction. Also, the method of the test and standard sample preparation were carefully optimized. The tests were repeated at least ten times, and the minimum level of detectable bacteria was determined for each repetition. The results obtained were compared with the conventional bacterial culture method. The results showed that in an optimal condition, conjugated anti-Salmonella antibodies interacted with the bacteria in any matrix. The developed method can detect at least 30, 30, 3×103, and 3×103 cell/mL of S. Typhimurium in water, PBS, milk and feces samples respectively, in less than 20 minutes. Also, antibody detection using this EIA can detect an antibody concentration range of 4.3-70 µg/mL. The developed method is a rapid, cost-efficient and simple assay, and can be used to detect S. Typhimurium in various samples.
Korelasi Keterampilan Proses Sains dan Keterampilan Metakognitif Terhadap Hasil Belajar Kimia Pada Materi Titrasi Asam Basa di SMA
Authors: SIREGAR WIDIA ARTA , SILITONGA PASAR MAULIM
Published: November 2020

This study aims to determine whether there is a linear and significant relationship between science process skills and student chemistry learning outcomes; metacognitive skills with student chemistry learning outcomes; science process skills and metacognitive skills with student chemistry learning outcomes. The population in this study were all students of class XI Mathematics and Senior High School Angkasa 1 Lanud Medan consisting of 2 classes. The research sample is one class taken by purposive technique. Based on the results of data analysis, it is concluded that there is a linear and significant relationship between science process skills and chemistry learning outcomes with a correlation value of 0.621 (high correlation) and the contribution of science process skills by 38.56%. In addition there is also a linear and significant relationship between metacognitive skills on student chemistry learning outcomes with a correlation value of 0.5 (enough correlation) and the contribution of metacognitive skills by 25%. And there is also a linear and significant relationship between science process skills and metacognitive skills on student chemistry learning outcomes with a correlation value of 0.809 (high correlation) and a contribution of 65.44%.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA SHOOTING BOLABASKET UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA
Authors: Tanjung Imamul Wahid , Aufan Rifqi
Published: November 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media alat bantu pembelajaran yang disesuaikan dengan permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pembelajaran shooting bolabasket di tingkat sekolah menengah pertama. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) yang bertujuan menghasilkan produk berupa media pembelajaran target ring untuk mata pelajaran penjasorkes yang mempelajari materi shooting dalam permainan bolabasket. Pada penelitian ini, data mengenai kualitas produk pembelajaran target ring yang dihasilkan diperoleh dengan bantuan angket penelitian yang terdiri dari dua aspek, yaitu aspek kualitas media dan aspek kualitas materi. Agar diperoleh media pembelajaran target ring yang berkualitas tinggi, maka dalam proses pembuatannya dilakukan beberapa tahapan, diantaranya yaitu uji validasi kualitas alat oleh ahli alat, uji validasi kualitas materi oleh ahli materi, uji coba dengan siswa satu lawan satu, uji coba dengan siswa kelompok kecil, uji coba dengan siswa kelompok besar. Hasil penelitian ini sebuah produk alat pembelajaran target ring dengan kualitas yang “baik”. Hal tersebut dibuktikan dengan diperolehnya hasil uji coba produk oleh subjek dengan rerata skor 53%  yang termasuk dalam,  sedangkan hasil validasi ahli dengan rerata skor 53,33% yang termasuk dalam ketegori “cukup baik”, dan diperolehnya hasil uji coba pemakaian oleh subjek  dengan rerata skor 81,67%, sedangkan hasil validasi ahli  dengan rerata skor 85,33% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik.
Exploring a Qualitative Methods Approach to Measure Learning Gain in Teaching Assistants: A Chinese Case Study
Authors: Xie Jianmei , Huijser Henk
Published: November 2020

This paper explores the use of a range of qualitative methods to measure learning gain of teaching assistants (TAs) in mainland China at a Sino-British University where the authors used to work. It uses a case study to report on an evaluation of TA training at the University, which is part of its Postgraduate Research Development Programme, to ascertain students’ acquired skills and skills gaps. A key focus of this evaluation consists of exploring ways to measure learning gain for individual TAs. As teacher educators, the researchers delivered TA training, conducted specialist observations of TAs’ teaching practice, as well as a series of ‘Learning to Teach’ groups. Measuring individual learning gain of TAs occurred during the semester and at the end of the semester. Criteria and measurements were tested to explore how learning gain of TAs could be measured in a Chinese higher education context. Implications outlined in this paper could be useful for TA training in higher education settings. Key findings include that evaluation of learning gain should occur at different points in time, as well as be continuous, consistent and comprehensive. In other words, multiple approaches, including both quantitative and qualitative methods, could capture a more objective picture of TAs’ learning gains.
Word Order in Job Interviews: The Malaysian Perspective
Authors: Ramalingam Selvajothi , Krishnan Isai Amutan , Suppiah Puspalata C , Maruthai Elanttamil
Published: November 2020

The present study was conducted to analyse the use of word order in job interviews. The data was collected from participants in an organisation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Ten candidates of different races between the ages of 23 and 25 participated in the study. Radford’s syntactic theory of word order was employed to qualitatively analyse the data. It was found that positive sentences were predominantly used by the selected (n = 10; 47.4%) compared to the not selected (n = 10; 44.0%) and keep in view (KIV) (n = 23; 39.0%) job candidates. The findings further revealed that the types of word order used in utterances by the selected candidates were different compared to those who were not chosen for interviews. Selected candidates used more negative sentences, subordinate clauses, and time expression in sentences, whereas those who were not selected utilised adverbs of manner in negative sentences, subordinate clauses, and time expression in sentences, while the not selected candidates only used the position of adverbs. On the other hand, the KIV candidates used positive sentences, subordinate clauses and word order in questions in their utterances. The study can provide important contributions to knowledge on the use of English when developing employment course modules emphasising word order as an essential element in portraying good English language proficiency in job interviews.

Keywords: Malaysia, fresh graduates, job interview, word order
The Relationship Between Teaching Styles of English Instructors and Learning Styles of English Prep Class Students at a Turkish State University
Authors: DURMUS ABDULKADIR , GÜVEN Meral
Published: November 2020

It is necessary to be aware of both teaching and learning styles and employing them in teaching and learning processes and as the two important stakeholders of this process, both learners and teachers are expected to benefit from each other at maximum level especially in terms of considering the needs of learners. This study aims to find out if there is a relationship between teaching styles of instructors working at Anadolu University School of Foreign Languages (AUSFL) and learning styles of students studying at English prep class. Data of the study were collected through Grasha-Reichmann Teaching and Learning Style Scales which Sarıtaş & Süral (2010)  adapted to Turkish. SPSS package program was used in the descriptive analyses of the study and Pearson’s moment correlation coefficients in correlation calculations. Significant relationships between formal authority teaching style and avoidant learning style, and between personal model teaching style and competitive learning style were found in the study. As for the other teaching and learning styles, although there wasn’t any significant relationship among each other, considering the average values, it can be said that there was a linear relationship among them which led to consider that a partial relationship existed.
Familial Hypercholesterolaemia: An Updated Overall Management
Authors: Mohd Kasim Noor Alicezah , Chua Yung An , Mohd Nawawi Hapizah
Published: November 2020

Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), the commonest and serious but potentially treatable form of inherited dyslipidaemias, is characterised by severely elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) level, which subsequently leads to premature coronary artery disease (pCAD). Effectiveness of FH early detection and treatment is supported by the outcome of several international cohort studies. Optimal FH management relies on prescription of statins either alone or together with other lipid-lowering therapies (LLT). Intensive lifestyle intervention is required in parallel with LLT, which should be commenced at diagnosis in adults and childhood. Treatment with high intensity statin should be started as soon as possible. Combination with ezetimibe and/or bile acid sequestrants is indicated if target LDL-C is not achieved. For FH patients in the very-high risk category, if their LDL-C targets are not achieved, despite being on maximally tolerated statin dose and ezetimibe, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type1 inhibitor (PCSK9i) is recommended. In statin intolerance, ezetimibe alone, or in combination with PCSK9i may be considered. Clinical evaluation of response to treatment and safety are recommended to be done about 4-6 weeks following initiation of treatment. Homozygous FH (HoFH) patients should be treated with maximally tolerated intensive LLT and, when available, with lipoprotein apheresis. This review highlights the overall management, and optimal treatment combinations in FH in adults and children, newer LLT including PCSK9i, microsomal transfer protein inhibitor, allele-specific oligonucleotide to ApoB100 and PCSK9 mRNA. Family cascade screening and/or screening of high-risk individuals, is the most cost-effective way of identifying FH cases and initiating early and adequate LLT.
JEJARING SOSIAL DALAM PEMBENTUKAN TIM SUKSES MANDIRI DI PEMILU DPRD KABUPATEN 2019
Authors: Tawakkal George Towar Ikbal , Damayanti Ratnaningsih , Subekti Tia , Garner Andrew D , Seitz Thomas R
Published: November 2020

Perubahan dalam sistem pemilihan dan masalah partai politik dalam memobilisasi pemilih telah mendorong para kandidat untuk membangun tim sukses yang independen. Mereka adalah faktor penting dalam upaya memenangkan pemilu. Studi terbaru menunjukkan tentang keberadaan, kinerja, dan efisiensi merekadalam memberikan suara dalam pemilihan umum Indonesia dan banyak negara. Namun, sangat sedikit dari kajian-kajian itu yang membahas tentang bagaimana tim sukses independen dibangun. Artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana para kandidat pemilihan legislatif di daerah mengembangkan tim sukses independen mereka. Berdasarkan wawancara dan pengamatan dari berbagai kandidat dalam pemilihan legislatif 2019 di Kabupaten Pati dan Kabupaten Demak, artikel ini membahas bagaimana para kandidat membangun tim sukses independen, yang mencakup bentuk dan sumber. Hasil studi ini menyatakan bahwa mereka memiliki aktor penting yang berhubungan dengan kandidat. Mereka terhubung secara sosial sebelum pemilihan, sehingga tim dibangun oleh transformasi fungsi sosial. Ini menunjukkan bahwa tim sukses independen mencerminkan jejaring sosial kandidat.
Approximation of New Sequence of Integral Type Operators with two Parameters
Authors: Khaleel Amal , Hassan Amal K.
Published: November 2020

In our paper, we provide and study a new sequence of positive and linear operators of integral type. This sequence depends on two parameters, positive integers and. We mention some of the properties of this sequence and describe a Voronovskaja type asymptotic formula. Besides, we find the error estimates of this approximation in terms of the modulus of continuity. lastly, we introduce a numerical example and compare the results obtained.