bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of Hepatitis E Virus Replication by Novel Inhibitor Targeting Methyltransferase
Authors: Hooda Preeti , Chaudhary Meenakshi , Parvez Mohammad K. , Sinha Neha , Sehgal Deepak
Published: August 2022

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) is a quasi-enveloped virus having a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome (~7.2 kb), flanked with a 5′ methylated cap and a 3′ polyadenylated tail. The HEV open reading frame 1 (ORF1) encodes a 186-kDa polyprotein speculated to get processed and produce Methyltransferase (MTase), one of the four essential replication enzymes. In this study, we report the identification of the MTase inhibitor, which may potentially deplete its enzymatic activity, thus causing the cessation of viral replication. Using in silico screening through docking, we identified ten putative compounds, which were tested for their anti-MTase activity. This resulted in the identification of 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid (HPPA), with an IC50 value of 0.932 ± 0.15 μM, which could be perceived as an effective HEV inhibitor. Furthermore, the compound was tested for inhibition of HEV replication in the HEV culture system. The viral RNA copies were markedly decreased from ~3.2 × 106 in untreated cells to ~4.3 × 102.8 copies in 800 μM HPPA treated cells. Therefore, we propose HPPA as a potential drug-like inhibitor against HEV-MTase, which would need further validation through in vivo analysis using animal models and the administration of Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) studies.
Intradermal Immunization of SARS-CoV-2 Original Strain Trimeric Spike Protein Associated to CpG and AddaS03 Adjuvants, but Not MPL, Provide Strong Humoral and Cellular Response in Mice
Authors: Firmino-Cruz Luan , dos-Santos Júlio Souza , da Fonseca-Martins Alessandra Marcia , Oliveira-Maciel Diogo , Guadagnini-Perez Gustavo , Roncaglia-Pereira Victor A. , Dumard Carlos H. , Guedes-da-Silva Francisca H. , Vicente Santos Ana C. , Alvim Renata G. F. , Lima Tulio M. , Marsili Federico F. , Abreu Daniel P. B. , Rossi-Bergmann Bartira , Vale Andre M. , Filardy Alessandra D’Almeida , Silva Jerson Lima , de Oliveira Andrea Cheble , Gomes Andre M. O. , de Matos Guedes Herbert Leonel
Published: August 2022

Despite the intramuscular route being the most used vaccination strategy against SARS-CoV-2, the intradermal route has been studied around the globe as a strong candidate for immunization against SARS-CoV-2. Adjuvants have shown to be essential vaccine components that are capable of driving robust immune responses and increasing the vaccination efficacy. In this work, our group aimed to develop a vaccination strategy for SARS-CoV-2 using a trimeric spike protein, by testing the best route with formulations containing the adjuvants AddaS03, CpG, MPL, Alum, or a combination of two of them. Our results showed that formulations that were made with AddaS03 or CpG alone or AddaS03 combined with CpG were able to induce high levels of IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a; high titers of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 original strain; and also induced high hypersensitivity during the challenge with Spike protein and a high level of IFN-γ producing CD4+ T-cells in mice. Altogether, those data indicate that AddaS03, CpG, or both combined may be used as adjuvants in vaccines for COVID-19.
The Race for Global Equitable Access to COVID-19 Vaccines
Authors: Md Khairi Lukman Nul Hakim , Fahrni Mathumalar Loganathan , Lazzarino Antonio Ivan
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 vaccines are possibly the most effective medical countermeasures to mitigate and ultimately bring to a halt the COVID-19 pandemic. As we transition to endemicity, inequitable access to vaccines, and particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), still poses risks of unprecedented disruptions and the emergence of viral mutations, which potentially lead to notorious vaccine-resistant variants. The missteps learned from the previous responses to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and influenza outbreaks founded the hypothetical plan to ensure that vaccine accessibility to LMICs is not impeded. The SARS-CoV-2 vaccines’ social promise was to lessen the underlying racial, ethnic, and geographic inequities that COVID-19 has both made apparent and intensified. Vaccine nationalism was evident throughout the COVID-19 crisis. Many high-income countries directly negotiated large advance orders for the vaccines, leaving resource-limited countries scrambling for access. This occurred despite international initiatives to structure the development and equitable distribution of vaccines, channeled through a vaccine pillar: COVID-19 Vaccines Global Access (COVAX). The serious supply shortages and national procurement methods of some countries that bypassed the vaccine pillar hindered the optimal function of COVAX in delivering timely and adequate doses to participating countries. COVAX strategized its approach by promoting fundraising, coordinating vaccine donations from countries with surplus doses, expediting reviews of vaccine candidates, and facilitating the expansion of the manufacturing capacity. While increasing capacity for production, technology transfer led to lesser siloes, enhanced manufacturing standardization, and less secrecy over production data. Ultracold storage requirements for leading vaccines were a considerable hurdle to the global immunization efforts, and particularly in LMICs with limited equipment and resources to support sophisticated cold-chain systems. Manufacturers strived to ease cold-chain restrictions on the basis of stability data submitted to national regulatory bodies. The development of single-dose vaccines offered promising solutions to simplify the administrative and logistic complexities that existed within the COVID-19 vaccination programs. As such, the requirements for both ultracold storage conditions were eased, and concerns over booster doses were addressed. To expand coverage, the dosing intervals of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccines were extended according to data from Phase III clinical trials on effectiveness. In addition, with the recent outbreak of monkeypox, the lessons from past experiences of curbing infectious diseases, including COVID-19, must be learned and acted upon. The review summarizes the global efforts with respect to vaccine development, production, allocation, and deployment to achieve equitable access.
NLRP-3 Inflammasome: A Key Target, but Mostly Overlooked following SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Sergi Consolato M.
Published: August 2022

The last two years have shown many political and scientific debates during the current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic [...]
Identification and Characterization of Epithelial Cell-Derived Dense Bodies Produced upon Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: García-Ríos Estéfani , Rodríguez María Josefa , Terrón María Carmen , Luque Daniel , Pérez-Romero Pilar
Published: August 2022

Dense bodies (DB) are complex, noninfectious particles produced during CMVinfection containing envelope and tegument proteins that may be ideal candidates as vaccines. Although DB were previously described in fibroblasts, no evidence of DB formation has been shown after propagating CMV in epithelial cells. In the present study, both fibroblast MRC-5 and epithelial ARPE-19 cells were used to study DB production during CMV infection. We demonstrate the formation of epithelial cell-derived DB, mostly located as cytoplasmic inclusions in the perinuclear area of the infected cell. DB were gradient-purified, and the nature of the viral particles was confirmed using CMV-specific immunelabeling. Epithelial cell-derived DB had higher density and more homogeneous size (200–300 nm) compared to fibroblast-derived DB (100–600 nm).In agreement with previous results characterizing DB from CMV-infected fibroblasts, the pp65 tegument protein was predominant in the epithelial cell-derived DB. Our results also suggest that epithelial cells had more CMV capsids in the cytoplasm and had spherical bodies compatible with nucleus condensation (pyknosis) in cells undergoing apoptosis that were not detected in MRC-5 infected cells at the tested time post-infection. Our results demonstrate the formation of DB in CMV-infected ARPE-19 epithelial cells that may be suitable candidate to develop a multiprotein vaccine with antigenic properties similar to that of the virions while not including the viral genome.
Inhalable Vaccines: Can They Help Control Pandemics?
Authors: Chavda Vivek , Vora Lalitkumar , Apostolopoulos Vasso
Published: August 2022

The emergence of a new coronavirus presents a huge risk to public health worldwide and has spread widely amongst the human population. Since its emergence, the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is frequently evolving by mutation and genetic recombination to give rise to new viral variants. These emerging variants pose a challenge to existing COVID-19 management strategies and vaccine efficacy. Interruption of viral spread is required as the merging variants pose higher transmissibility than the previous ones. To achieve this, local protection of the respiratory tract with immunity is essential. Here, we advocate the use of pulmonary/inhalable vaccines to achieve this goal.
Vaccinations Status against Vaccine-Preventable Diseases and Willingness to Be Vaccinated in an Italian Sample of Frail Subjects
Authors: De Sarro Caterina , Papadopoli Rosa , Morgante Maria Carmela , Nobile Carmelo Giuseppe Angelo , De Sarro Giovambattista , Pileggi Claudia
Published: August 2022

Background: Study aim was to investigate the vaccination status against vaccine-preventable diseases (VPD) of frail adults during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and, for those subjects eligible for at least one vaccine, with respect to the recommended vaccination in line with the Italian National Vaccination Prevention Plane (NPVP), to explore the willingness to be vaccinated. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among adults aged ≥ 60, immunocompromised or subjects affected by chronic conditions. Results: Among the 427 participants, a vaccination coverage rate lower than the targets for all the vaccines considered was found. Of those, 72.6% of subjects stated their willingness to receive recommended vaccinations, and 75.2% of the respondents stated that the advice to undergo vaccinations was received by the General Practitioner (GP). In a multivariable logistic regression model, higher odds of recommended VPD vaccination uptake (defined as having two or more of the recommended vaccinations) were associated with the willingness towards recommended VPD vaccination (Odds Ratio = 3.55, 95% Confidence Interval: 1.39 to 9.07), university education (OR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.03 to 3.97), but having another person in the household (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.97), and history of oncological disease (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.18 to 0.87) were predictive of lower odds of vaccination uptake. In another multivariable model, higher odds of willingness to receive vaccines were associated with kidney disease (OR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.01 to 10.5), perceived risk of VPD (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.02 to 3.3), previous influenza vaccination (OR = 3.4, 95% CI: 1.8 to 6.5), and previous pneumococcal vaccination (OR = 3.1, 95% CI: 1.3 to 7.7), but increasing age (OR = 0.93 per year, 95% CI: 0.91 to 0.97), working (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.78), and fear of vaccine side effects (OR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.68) were predictive of lower odds of willingness to receive vaccines. Conclusions: Despite specific recommendations, vaccination coverage rates are far below international targets for frail subjects. Reducing missed opportunities for vaccination could be a useful strategy to increase vaccination coverage in frail patients during the routine checks performed by GPs and specialists.
Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 among COVID-19 Confirmed Cases and Correlates with Neutralizing Assay in a Subgroup of Patients in Delhi National Capital Region, India
Authors: Misra Puneet , Kant Shashi , Guleria Randeep , Rai Sanjay K. , Jaiswal Abhishek , Mandal Suprakash , Medigeshi Guruprasad R. , Ahmad Mohammad , Rahman Anisur , Sangral Meenu , Yadav Kapil , Bairwa Mohan , Haldar Partha , Kumar Parveen
Published: August 2022

Background: The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is the gold standard to detect the neutralizing capacity of serum antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies confer protection against further infection. The present study measured the antibody level against SARS-CoV-2 among laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases and evaluated whether the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies indicates virus neutralizing capacity. Methods: One hundred COVID-19 confirmed cases were recruited. Their sociodemographic details and history of COVID-19 vaccination, contact with positive COVID-19 cases, and symptoms were ascertained using a self-developed semi-structured interview schedule. Serum samples of the participants were collected within three months from the date of the positive report of COVID-19. The presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies), receptor binding domain antibodies (anti-RBD), and neutralizing antibodies were measured. Findings: Almost all the participants had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgA, IgG and IgM) (99%) and anti-RBD IgG antibodies (97%). However, only 69% had neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Anti-RBD antibody levels were significantly higher among participants having neutralizing antibodies compared with those who did not. Interpretation: The present study highlights that the presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, or the presence of anti-RBD antibodies does not necessarily imply the presence of neutralizing antibodies.
Development of a Well-Characterized Cynomolgus Macaque Model of Marburg Virus Disease for Support of Vaccine and Therapy Development
Authors: Alfson Kendra J. , Goez-Gazi Yenny , Gazi Michal , Chou Ying-Liang , Niemuth Nancy A. , Mattix Marc E. , Staples Hilary M. , Klaffke Benjamin , Rodriguez Gloria F. , Bartley Carmen , Ticer Anysha , Clemmons Elizabeth A. , Dutton John W. , Griffiths Anthony , Meister Gabe T. , Sanford Daniel C. , Cirimotich Chris M. , Carrion Ricardo
Published: August 2022

Marburg virus (MARV) is a filovirus that can infect humans and nonhuman primates (NHPs), causing severe disease and death. Of the filoviruses, Ebola virus (EBOV) has been the primary target for vaccine and therapeutic development. However, MARV has an average case fatality rate of approximately 50%, the infectious dose is low, and there are currently no approved vaccines or therapies targeted at infection with MARV. The purpose of this study was to characterize disease course in cynomolgus macaques intramuscularly exposed to MARV Angola variant. There were several biomarkers that reliably correlated with MARV-induced disease, including: viral load; elevated total clinical scores; temperature changes; elevated ALT, ALP, BA, TBIL, CRP and decreased ALB values; decreased lymphocytes and platelets; and prolonged PTT. A scheduled euthanasia component also provided the opportunity to study the earliest stages of the disease. This study provides evidence for the application of this model to evaluate potential vaccines and therapies against MARV and will be valuable in improving existing models.
Validation of a Novel Fluorescent Lateral Flow Assay for Rapid Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Total Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD Binding Antibody Units (BAU) from Plasma or Fingerstick Whole-Blood of COVID-19 Vaccinees
Authors: Younes Nadin , Al-Sadeq Duaa W. , Shurrab Farah M. , Zedan Hadeel T. , Abou-Saleh Haissam , Abo-Halawa Bushra Y. , AlHamaydeh Fatima M. , Elsharafi Amira E. , Daas Hanin I. , Thomas Swapna , Aboalmaaly Sahar , Al Farsi Afra , Al-Buainain Reeham , Ataelmannan Samar , Paul Jiji , Al Saadi Amana Salih , Yassine Hadi M. , Majdalawieh Amin F. , Ismail Ahmed , Abu-Raddad Laith J. , Nasrallah Gheyath K.
Published: August 2022

Background: Limited commercial LFA assays are available to provide a reliable quantitative measurement of the total binding antibody units (BAU/mL) against the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-RBD). Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the fluorescence LFA FinecareTM 2019-nCoV S-RBD test along with its reader (Model No.: FS-113) against the following reference methods: (i) the FDA-approved GenScript surrogate virus-neutralizing assay (sVNT); and (ii) three highly performing automated immunoassays: BioMérieux VIDAS®3, Ortho VITROS®, and Mindray CL-900i®. Methods: Plasma from 488 vaccinees was tested by all aforementioned assays. Fingerstick whole-blood samples from 156 vaccinees were also tested by FinecareTM. Results and conclusions: FinecareTM showed 100% specificity, as none of the pre-pandemic samples tested positive. Equivalent FinecareTM results were observed among the samples taken from fingerstick or plasma (Pearson correlation r = 0.9, p < 0.0001), suggesting that fingerstick samples are sufficient to quantitate the S-RBD BAU/mL. A moderate correlation was observed between FinecareTM and sVNT (r = 0.5, p < 0.0001), indicating that FinecareTM can be used for rapid prediction of the neutralizing antibody (nAb) post-vaccination. FinecareTM BAU results showed strong correlation with VIDAS®3 (r = 0.6, p < 0.0001) and moderate correlation with VITROS® (r = 0.5, p < 0.0001) and CL-900i® (r = 0.4, p < 0.0001), suggesting that FinecareTM can be used as a surrogate for the advanced automated assays to measure S-RBD BAU/mL.
Breeding Dairy Cattle for Female Fertility and Production in the Age of Genomics
Authors: Weller Joel Ira , Gershoni Moran , Ezra Ephraim
Published: August 2022

Phenotypic and genetic changes for female fertility and production traits in the Israeli Holstein population over the last three decades were studied in order to determine if long term selection has resulted in reduced heritability and negative genetic correlations. Annual means for conception status, defined as the inverse of the number of inseminations to conception in percent, decreased from 55.6 for cows born in 1983 to 46.5 for cows born in 2018. Mean estimated breeding values increased by 1.8% for cow born in 1981 to cows born in 2018. Phenotypic records from 1988 to 2016 for the nine Israeli breeding index traits were divided into three time periods for multi-trait REML analysis by the individual animal model. For all traits, heritabilities increased or stayed the same for the later time periods. Heritability for conception status was 0.05. The first parity genetic correlation between conception status and protein yield was −0.38. Heritabilities decreased with the increase in parity for protein but remained the same for conception status. Realized genetic trends were greater than expected for cows born from 2008 through 2016 for somatic cell score, conception status and herd-life, and lower than expected for the production traits.
An Economic and Social Impact of International Aid at National Level: Application of Spatial Panel Model
Authors: Chung Danbi , Hwang Jaehee
Published: August 2022

This study identifies how aid has contributed to economic and social development in recipient African countries. Spatial panel models were employed for the analysis, considering spatial autocorrelation of panel data between 42 countries and nine years from 2005 to 2013. Based on the regression results, the aid itself had a weak impact on recipients’ GDP per capita and Human Development Index. On the other hand, according to the interaction term, aid promoted economic and social development along with affirmative government efficiency. The efficient and centralized administrative system and civic accountability also improved the aggregated well-being level in Africa.
Psychological security and the impact of social networks on the team
Authors:   Bishkek International University Ala-Too, Kyrgyz Republic, Zhakshylykova T. A.
Published: August 2022

The article is devoted to the topical issue as a social network and the impact on the psychology of the team. Viewing psychological safety as a common belief about the social context, people need protection from management and vice versa. It can be expect that the structure of the social network of communication have a strong influence on the psychological safety of the team. On the other hand, according to the theory of social contagion, people tend to adopt the attitudes or behaviours of other people in the social network with whom they communicate. Communication in a social network is the minimum contact for social infection. People expect that any positive and negative information can affect the psychological state of the team. Therefore, security is needed within the team, especially when reporting situations of personal risk.
Portales del gobierno electrónico (e-government) y participación ciudadana en América Latina: breve análisis en tiempo de crisis.
Authors: Coronado-Zambrano Melissa , Estrada-Cuzcano Alonso
Published: August 2022

En este artículo se destaca la influencia de las Cumbres para la Sociedad de la Información realizadas entre el 2003 y 2005 en Ginebra y Túnez respectivamente; todas las organizaciones del sistema de las Naciones Unidas se comprometen a la consolidación del Plan del Milenio, muchos de los objetivos no se cumplieron y dificultaron el fortalecimiento de un gobierno electrónico (e-government) eficiente en tiempos de crisis, la metodología utilizada ha sido mixta: ya que se ha empleado el enfoque cualitativo aplicando la técnica de revisión documental y como instrumento la ficha de registro, para realizar una revisión sistemática sobre las últimas investigaciones realizadas sobre e-government y; desde el enfoque cuantitativo, se ha aplicado la técnica de la observación empleando como instrumento un check list dimensionado en disponibilidad, interacción y usabilidad aplicado a los portales de los ministerios de América Latina, para determinar el grado de aplicación del gobierno electrónico en estos países, se puede concluir que instituciones tan importantes del gobierno central, como los ministerios, no cumplen, a nivel de plataformas, las condiciones mínimas de disponibilidad, interacción y usabilidad para con los ciudadanos. Asimismo, se puede afirmar que la ética debe ser un elemento clave para aplicarse a cualquier dilema relacionado con el desarrollo y la innovación tecnológica.
ORIENTAÇÃO EDUCACIONAL: ACOLHIMENTO E INCLUSÃO DO ALUNO IMIGRANTE
Authors: Lembeck Elaine , Corbellini Silvana
Published: August 2022

A presente pesquisa busca compreender como o trabalho do Orientador Educacional corrobora no acolhimento e na inclusão dos alunos imigrantes. Foi realizado um aprofundamento do entendimento de conceitos como acolhimento e inclusão, após isso, buscou-se compreender esse raciocínio sistêmico excludente no qual existe discrepância nas formas de tratamento de tal modo que um ser é sujeito e o outro se torna objeto. Buscando um entendimento sólido, bem elaborado e reflexivo, sobre a atuação do OE nesse contexto, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa, que se deu através de estudo de caso com revisão teórica e investigação empírica na cidade de Porto Alegre/RS. Esta pesquisa qualitativa exigiu coleta de dados que foi feita através de questionário estruturado aberto, o qual foi enviado e recebido por e-mail em função da pandemia por COVID-19. Os dados recebidos foram analisados a partir de Bardin (2011). Desse processo resultou a compreensão da necessidade de um(a) Orientador(a) Educacional que, com uma prática acolhedora, inclusiva, política e ética, se estruture em parceria com os outros profissionais da escola para atender os estudantes imigrantes. Também foi possível delimitar que acolhimento e inclusão são práticas limítrofes, mas distintas e apontou para a necessidade de estimular o uso das tecnologias como um aporte na desconstrução de estereótipos.
Efecto del aislamiento por la COVID-19 en el comportamiento de compra y lealtad de marca en los mexicanos
Authors: Fischer Laura , López-Celis Diana María , Peñalosa Mónica Eugenia , Larios-Gómez Emigdio
Published: August 2022

El impacto de la COVID-19 se ha sentido de inmediato, debido a las diferentes acciones que los gobiernos han implantado en sus países, situación que ya persiste por la aparición de diferentes mutaciones del virus que ha causado durante casi dos años graves y profundos impactos económicos, políticos, sociales y psicológicos, El confinamiento a lo que ha sido sometida la población, ha traído consigo cambios en las conductas de los individuos, en la compra y consumo de productos y a la lealtad hacia las marcas

Teniendo como objetivo conocer los patrones de compra y lealtad de marca durante el confinamiento provocado por la pandemia de la COVID-19. Se realizó una investigación descriptiva con enfoque cuantitativo, a una muestra de 1004 sujetos, 64% mujeres y 36% hombres residentes en la República Mexicana,  Evaluando para este fin,  3 dimensiones respecto al consumo: 1) aumento del consumo, 2) cambio de marca o cambio de hábitos y 3) continuidad en el consumo de las mismas marcas (lealtad); todas estas, durante la contingencia de la pandemia; lo cual conlleva a la lealtad de marca, considerando como categorías de primera necesidad en consumo, el hogar, los alimentos, los medicamentos, el cuidado personal, la higiene y la limpieza, Como hallazgos tenemos que existe una correlación de manera global, en todas las categorías de producto analizadas con respecto a las marcas consumida en época de confinamiento y la continuidad de ellas después del confinamiento, esta situación no se presenta igual en cada una de las categorías evaluadas, siendo la categoría de productos de limpieza la que muestra un mayor consumo y una menor lealtad a la marca en este mismo periodo
Cuidados farmacêuticos ao paciente com Hanseníase: uma revisão integrativa de literatura
Authors: Ribeiro Jaziz dos Santos , Diniz Raquel de Jesus Silva , Sousa Joicy Cortez de Sá , Sousa Nilviane Pires Silva , Fróes Yuri Nascimento , Santana Heliana Trindade Marinho
Published: August 2022

A hanseníase é caracterizada como uma doença de pele infectocontagiosa, causada pelo bacilo Mycobacterium leprae. O Brasil é o segundo pais com maior incidência de casos desta doença, o que demonstra a necessidade de um acompanhamento diferenciado e multiprofissional em pacientes acometidos pela Hanseníase e entre os profissionais habilitados para este cuidado está o profissional farmacêutico. Visando prospectar e pontuar técnicas em atenção farmacêutica nos cuidados de pacientes hansênicos, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa e descritiva da literatura acerca dos cuidados farmacêuticos ao paciente com Hanseníase considerando trabalhos publicados entre 2012 e 2022. Após a implementação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, foram selecionadas 22 publicações, onde foram extraídas as informações. Todos os artigos relataram diversas formas de cuidados farmacêuticos realizados no Brasil, e como destaque o acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico (86,3%, N=19), em seguida, a educação em saúde (63,6%, N=14). Com base nos resultados, observa-se que o acompanhamento farmacoterapêutico foi o cuidado farmacêutico mais presente dentre os artigos selecionados. Esta revisão fortalece a importância da atenção farmacêutica e a uma maior inserção deste profissional na saúde pública por tratar-se de um profissional habilitado, com conhecimentos e habilidades na dispensação dos cuidados ao paciente com Hanseníase.
Resistências juvenis num vale de esperanças: o enfrentamento a pandemia de Covid-19 por jovens de assentamento rural em Teresina-PI, frente às fragilidades das políticas públicas
Authors: Santos Rayane de Moura , Luz Lila Cristina Xavier
Published: August 2022

Este artigo é parte de uma investigação realizada com jovens do assentamento rural Vale da Esperança em Teresina-PI entre os anos de 2018 e 2021, e tem como principal inspiração suas realidades. O intuito aqui é compreender como os jovens Vale enfrentaram os efeitos da pandemia de Covid-19, a partir de suas próprias narrativas, com ênfase nos sentidos e significados apontados por eles e seus modos de vida. A reflexão sobre este cenário se fundamentou no ponto de vista dos próprios jovens, a partir de suas narrativas em conversas e entrevistas, além da observação sistemática de seus cotidianos, dialogando sempre com estudos relacionados às juventudes rurais. A realidade do Vale da Esperança, anterior à pandemia, já dava sinais dos inúmeros problemas estruturais relacionados às políticas públicas voltadas às juventudes rurais, e a pandemia de Covid-19 só evidenciou e acirrou todas as desigualdades que atingem esses jovens que constroem suas histórias nesse território. No entanto, os jovens do Vale também demonstraram o grande protagonismo da juventude rural na resolução de crises, ao encarar a pandemia de maneira criativa, desenvolvendo estratégias colaborativas para o melhor desenvolvimento de sua comunidade, evidenciando o seu potencial em colaborar com a construção das políticas públicas que respondem às suas demandas.
Oral Lesions in Pediatric Patients in North Mexico with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus as Underlying Disease
Authors: Saldívar-De la Torre Alejandra , Rodríguez-Gardea Miranda , Pacheco-Santiesteban Rosaura , Cisneros-Castolo Martín , Martínez-Aguilar Karla Elena , Pacheco-Tena César , Zavala-Díaz de la Serna Francisco Javier , Ríos-Barrera Víctor Adolfo
Published: August 2022

Oral involvement in the pediatric age does not occur as an isolated event, frequently involves a systemic disease being Leukemias -especially B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-cell ALL)- and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) the most relevant. Objective: To find which oral manifestations are observed with greater more frequently in pediatric patients with B-cell ALL or T1DM and to relate these findings with their pathophysiology.
Methodology: We formed three study groups, with five patients each: 1) children with T1DM, 2) infants with B-cell ALL, and 3) healthy children. The age range was five to fifteen years. Data were collected from: 1) clinical examination, 2) interrogation of parents or guardians, and 3) review of the clinical record, and 4) Blood count (BC).
Risk Reducing of the Radiation-Induced Cardiovascular Damage in Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: Демешко П.Д.
Published: August 2022

Рак молочной железы (РМЖ) занимает ведущее место среди злокачественных новообразований у женского населения. За последние десятилетия в связи с совершенствованием методов диагностики и лечения отмечен значительный рост опухолево-специфической выживаемости. В частности, данные литературы демонстрируют эффективность проведения адъювантного курса лучевой терапии как компонента комплексного лечения РМЖ в отношении повышения локо-регионарного контроля заболевания. Вместе с тем с улучшением показателей выживаемости возрастает вероятность развития поздних осложнений лечения со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы, негативно влияющих на качество жизни и ухудшающих прогноз общей выживаемости пациентов. В статье представлен обзор современных методик проведения ЛТ при РМЖ и возможности снижения риска развития радиационно-индуцированных повреждений сердечно-сосудистой системы.

Breast cancer (BC) is the leading malignant neoplasms in the female population. Over the past decades, due to the improvement of diagnostic and treatment methods, a significant increase in tumor-specific survival has been noted. In particular, literature data demonstrate the effectiveness of an adjuvant course of radiation therapy, as a component of the complex treatment of breast cancer, in terms of increasing the loco-regional control of the disease. At the same time, with the improvement of survival rates, the likelihood of developing late complications of treatment from the cardiovascular system increases, negatively affecting the quality of life and worsening the prognosis of the overall survival of patients. The article presents an overview of the state of modern methods of conducting RT in breast cancer and the possibility of reducing the risk of developing radiation-induced damage to the cardiovascular system.
Experience in the diagnosis and treatment of multiple neuroendocrine tumor of the stomach
Authors: Маевская Т.В. , Слободин Ю.В.
Published: August 2022

Нейроэндокринные опухоли желудка (НЭОЖ) представляют собой новообразования, происходящие из энтерохромаффиноподобных гистаминсекретирующих клеток (ECL клеток) слизистой оболочки желудка.НЭОЖ подразделяются на три типа, каждый из которых имеет важные различия с точки зрения клинической картины, прогноза и тактики лечения, от типа нейроэндокринных опухолей (НЭО) зависит выбор методики эндоскопического или хирургического лечения образования.В статье представлен опыт эндоскопического и хирургического отделений ГУ «Республиканский клинический медицинский центр» Управления делами Президента Республики Беларусь (ГУ «РКМЦ») в диагностике и лечении множественной НЭОЖ 1-го типа на примере клинического случая, когда вместо стандартного при данном типе НЭО эндоскопического лечения возникла необходимость применения хирургического лечения.

Neuroendocrine tumors of the stomach (NETS) are neoplasms derived from enterochromaffin-like histamine-secreting cells (ECL cells) of the gastric mucosa. There are three types of NETS. Each type of NETS has important differences in terms of the clinical picture, prognosis and treatment tactic. The type of neuroendocrine tumor (NET) determines the choice of methods for endoscopic or surgical treatment of the mass.The article presents a clinical case of treatment of NETS type 1 in the endoscopic and surgical departments of the Republican Clinical Medical Center of the Presidential Administration of the Republic of Belarus.
Trimetazidine as a Modifier of Chemotherapy-Induced Endothelium Homeostasis Disturbances
Authors: Авагимян А.А. , Кактурский Л.В.
Published: August 2022

Введение. Настоящее исследование направлено на изучение взаимосвязи между эндотелиальной дисфункцией, кардиотоксичностью АС-режима химиотерапии и триметазидином опосредованной вазопротекции.Цель. Изучить вазотоксический потенциал AC-режима химиотерапии наряду с одновременной оценкой вазопротекторного потенциала триметазидина.Материалы и методы. Проведенное исследование характеризуется как фундаментальное, рандомизированное, контролируемое, экспериментальное, in vivo. С целью проведения экспериментальной работы было задействовано 80 инбредных крыс линии Wistar, которые были рандомно разделены на 4 равные группы. Модель эндотелиальной дисфункции была получена с использованием химиотерапевтического коктейля, состоящего из доксорубицина и циклофосфамида. В качестве вероятного стабилизатора функционирования эндотелия был выбран триметазидин. Курсовая дозировка доксорубицина составила 15 мг/кг, циклофосфамида – 150 мг/кг, а триметазидина – 42 мг/кг. Продолжительность эксперимента – 14 дней.Результаты. В рамках настоящего исследования оценены девиации эндотелина-1, оксида азота, а также факторов адгезии VCAM и ICAM, маркер воспаления – С-реактивный белок. Полученные данные показали, что триметазидин модифицировал усиление эндотелиальной дисфункции.Выводы: 1. АС-режим химиотерапии оказывает выраженное эндотелий-дискоординирующее воздействие. 2. Триметазидин обладает значимым вазопротекторным потенциалом.

Introduction. Our research was determined to investigate the link between endothelial dysfunction, AC-mode of chemotherapy and trimetazidine-driven vasoprotection.Purpose. To investigate the AC-mode of chemotherapy-induced endothelium dysfunction and rationality of TMZ prescription.Materials and methods. The conducted study is characterized as a fundamental, randomized, controlled, experimental in vivo study. To carry out the experimental work, 80 inbred Wistar rats were involved, which were randomly divided into 4 equal groups. A model of endothelial dysfunction was generated using a direct combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. Trimetazidine was used as a probable stabilizer of endothelial activity. Course dose of doxorubicin – 15 mg/kg, course dose of cyclophosphamide – 150 mg/kg, course dose of trimetazidine – 42 mg/kg. The duration of the experiment was 14 days.Results. Within the framework of this study, deviations of endothelin-1, nitric oxide, as well as adhesion factors VCAM and ICAM, and an inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein, were evaluated.Conclusions: 1. AC-mode of chemotherapy provide pronounced endothelium discoordinating impact. 2. TMZ has sufficient vasoprotective properties.
The Importance of Echocardiography in the Detection of Early Chronic Heart Failure in Elderly Patients
Authors: Агабабян И.Р. , Ярашева З.Х. , Насретдинова М.Т.
Published: August 2022

Цель. Изучить состояние центральной гемодинамики у пациентов пожилого возраста по данным эхокардиографии с целью выявления доклинической фазы хронической сердечной недостаточности.Материалы и методы. В исследование включены пациенты в возрасте 65–75 лет (средний возраст 76,17±3,29 года), которым выполнено стентирование коронарных артерий после перенесенного инфаркта миокарда (40 человек), и пациенты, которые остались на стандартной терапии ишемической болезни сердца после перенесенного инфаркта миокарда (40 человек). Производилась оценка характера послеоперационных изменений эхокардиографических значений.Результаты. В ходе исследования обнаружено, что у лиц пожилого возраста, которым было проведено стентирование коронарных артерий, отмечается достоверное снижение фракции выброса левого желудочка по сравнению с группой пациентов, которые остались на стандартной терапии ишемической болезни сердца. У пациентов, перенесших инфаркт миокарда, которым проведено стентирование коронарных артерий, несмотря на сохранную систолическую функцию левого желудочка, величина фракции выброса левого желудочка была достоверно ниже, чем в группе сравнения.Заключение. Вопрос стентирования коронарных артерий у пациентов пожилого возраста должен тщательно обсуждаться, особенно когда имеется коморбидная патология. Необходимо проводить исследования, направленные на длительное наблюдение пациентов после чрескожного коронарного вмешательства, а также для подтверждения или исключения хронической сердечной недостаточности у всех пациентов изучить уровень натрийуретического пептида.

Purpose. To study the state of central hemodynamics in elderly patients according to echocardiography in order to identify the preclinical phase of chronic heart failure.Materials and methods. The study included patients aged 65–75 years (average age 76.17±3.29 years) who underwent coronary artery stenting after a myocardial infarction (40 patients) and patients who remained on standard therapy for coronary heart disease after a myocardial infarction (40 patients). The nature of postoperative changes in echocardiographic values was evaluated.Results. During the study, it was found that in elderly people who had coronary artery stenting, there was a significant decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction compared to the group that remained on standard therapy for coronary HEART disease. In patients with myocardial infarction who underwent coronary artery stenting, despite the preserved systolic function of the left ventricle, the value of the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower than in the comparison group.Conclusion. The issue of coronary artery stenting in elderly patients should be carefully discussed, especially when there is a comorbid pathology. It is necessary to conduct studies aimed at long-term follow-up of patients after per cutaneous intervention, as well as to confirm or exclude chronic heart failure, all patients should study the level of natriuretic peptide.
On The Analysis of Some Machine Learning Algorithms for the Prediction of Diabetes
Authors: A. Bodinga Bello , A. Abdulsalam Mukhtar , A. Buhari Bello , Mansur Muzzammil
Published: August 2022

Diabetes or Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is noxious diseases in the world. Diabetes is caused by obesity or high blood glucose level, lack of exercise and so forth. It can be manage if it’s detected at early state. Machine learning is the construction of computer system or program that can adapt and learn from their experience. PIMA dataset is used in this research works. The dataset contains some 9 attributes of 768 patients. There are different kinds of machine learning algorithms but in this research works we choose three algorithms which are under supervised learning. The algorithms are Logistic regression, Decision tree and Random forest. Each of these algorithms model were trained and tested. We later use some measure to compare and analyze the performance of the machine learning algorithms. The performance measures used are Accuracy, F-measure, Recall and Precision. Logistic Regression has the highest accuracy score which is 77%, also have the highest precision score 0.77 and have the highest f-measure 0.64. Decision Tree has the highest recall score 0.58
How Does Livestock Contribute to the Efficiency of the Oases’ Farming Systems?
Authors: Sraïri Mohamed Taher , Mansour Salah , Benidir Mohamed , Bengoumi Mohammed , Alary Véronique
Published: August 2022

Multiple constraints, such as increased demographic pressure and growing competition for limited water resources, are significantly affecting farming systems in the oases. The combination of these constraining factors impacts the efficiency of inputs’ uses and hampers the incomes from agricultural activities. Livestock has always been a component of the oasis farming systems, covering a wide range of functions: transportation, soil preservation, income generation through meat and milk, draft, and saving. Faced with the recent changes, this study aimed to characterize the roles and contribution of livestock on the overall performances of the oasis farming systems. To do so, twelve farms illustrating four types of livestock systems were selected. Within each farm, we calculated common agricultural efficiency indicators to assess the use efficiency of the most critical production factors in the oasis: land, labor, water, and capital. The results demonstrated that efficient oasis farming systems rely on the crops/livestock association. Thereby, while providing self-consumed food products, livestock intensified farming systems (D’man prolific sheep with off-farm feed resources and dairy cattle) allow an increase in crops’ yields and their incomes. This is particularly obvious for date palms’ incomes, which benefit from the surplus irrigation of the underlying lucerne. In parallel, in specific contexts of the oases where the intensification of agriculture is quite impossible (for instance within areas with scarce groundwater or saline water, or in farms with limited capital) livestock remains the main source of income, adding value to the vast pastoral areas and the by-products of crops (wastes of dates, wheat bran, and straw, etc.).
Review of the Syrian Agriculture and Future Prospects for Reconstruction
Authors: Almohamed Salwa , Sheikh Darwish
Published: August 2022

Agriculture played and continues to play an important role in the Syrian economy, both in terms of the gross domestic product and employment. The consequences of the seventh-year crisis continue to affect the agricultural sector. The lack of inputs and high prices, coupled with the difficulty of harvesting and marketing crops, are among the most important agricultural issues that resulted from the crisis. Before the crisis, the agricultural sector suffered from many problems resulting from the government's neglect of it, represented by the weakness of governmental investments in agriculture, in addition, the complex administrative problems of management and organization, which led to a decline in productivity and efficiency. After the outbreak of the crisis, a large number of people were forced to leave the rural areas, which led to a very significant deterioration in agriculture and production. Syria has imported most types of important crops, such as wheat, from abroad to cover the needs of the local market, and this will be discussed in detail in this article. Therefore, this article shows the need for serious efforts to restore the agricultural sector which is the most important element in the Syrian economy and sustainable food and nutrition security for the urban and rural areas. Even though the crisis is not over, the conditions for investing in the recovery of the sector are present in many areas of the country. Such investment will not only reduce the need for humanitarian assistance but will also reduce migration and encourage the return of migrants.
آراء المرشدين الزراعيين في الاردن بمشاكل الإرشاد الزراعي وعلاقتها ببعض العوامل
Authors: AL-Shadiadeh Ahmad N. , Alkharabsheh Fatima A.H.
Published: August 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة الى تحديد آراء المرشدين الزراعيين في الاردن بمشاكل الارشاد الزراعي ودراسة العلاقة بين هذه الآراء وبين الخصائص الشخصية والمهنية لهؤلاء المرشدين، تم جمع البيانات من 61 مرشداً زراعياً من خلال المقابلة الشخصية باستخدام استمارة أعدت من قبل الباحثين اشتملت على جزأين، الأول تضمن المعلومات الشخصية والمهنية للمرشدين الزراعيين، في حين تضمن الجزء الثاني مقياساً لآرائهم بمشاكل الارشاد الزراعي في الاردن. لتحقيق أهداف الدراسة , تم استخدام مقياس ليكرت الخماسي(أوافق بشدة، أوافق، محايد، لا أوافق، أوافق بشدة) لقياس آراء المرشدين الزراعيين بمشاكل الارشاد الزراعي وذلك من خلال ثمانية وثلاثين عبارة موزعة على ثمانية محاور تتعلق بمشاكل الإرشاد الزراعي في الأردن، ولأجل تحليل البيانات , فقد استخدمت التكرارت والنسب المئوية والمتوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري ومعامل الارتباط البسيط (بيرسون) ومعامل الارتباط (سبيرمان- براون) ومربع كاي، وكانت اهم النتائج ما يلي: لقد تم تحديد ثلاث فئات للآراء: الرأي السلبي ( أقل من 142 درجة ) والرأي المتوسط (142-152 درجة) والرأي الايجابي (أكثر من 152 درجة) حيث وجد أن (24.6%) و (54.1%) و (21.3%) من المبحوثين يقعون في الفئات أعلاه على التوالي. ترتبت آراء للمرشدين في المحاور التي تضمنتها مشاكل الارشاد الزراعي تنازلياً وفقاً للتسلسل التالي: مشكلة عدم فهم فلسفة الإرشاد الزراعي، المشاكل المؤسسية، المشاكل الفنية، مشاكل التدريب، المشاكل الإدارية، المشاكل الاجتماعية، المشاكل التشريعية، واخيرا المشاكل البيئية. حيث كانت الأهمية النسبية للمتوسطات الحسابية لهذه المشاكل 84٪ و82٪ و82٪ و72.2٪ و72٪ و71٪ و65٪ و49٪ , على التوالي. وقد اظهرت التنائج وجود علاقة معنوية بين الآراء، وكل من الجنس وسنوات الخدمة في وزارة الزراعة ومنطقة العمل، في حين لم تكن العلاقة معنوية بين هذه الآراءوكل من العمر ومستوى التعليم وسنوات الخدمة في الإرشاد الزراعي والمسمى الوظيفي وعدد الدورات التدريبية. بناءً على نتائج هذه الدراسة يوصى بتعزيز دور الارشاد الزراعي في تعليم وتوعية المرشدين الزراعيين ونقل المعرفة لهم عن طريق إعداد خطة علمية وعملية تتناول بشكل دقيق النتائج التفصيلية لهذه الدراسة وفقاً لآراء المرشدين الزراعيين في الاردن.
Effect of Saline Water Irrigation and Growing Media on Growth, Physiological and Mineral Parameters of Clove Pink Dianthus Caryophyllus
Authors: Amarin R. , Kafawin O. , Ayad J. , Al-Zyoud F. , Ghidan A.
Published: August 2022

Soil salinity is one of the major environmental factors limiting plant growth and development; and it is considered a problem in arid and semiarid regions, where rainfall is insufficient to leach salts. The clove pink, Dianthus caryophyllus L. is a major product in Jordan with different irrigation needs and has the capacity to cope with water deficit. Consequently, the current study aimed at investigating the effect of salinity on certain growth, physiological and mineral parameters of two varieties of D. caryophyllus (Bizet Sagr and Grand Slam Hygr). The experiments were conducted under greenhouse conditions at the University of Jordan during the 2015/2016 growing season. The plants were grown in either soil or zeolitic tuff at five salinity levels. The results indicated that the growth parameters of both D. caryophyllus varieties vary significantly among the different salinity levels in both growing media. Increasing salinity caused a significant reduction in plant height, fresh and dry weights, flower length and diameter, and a delayed flowering time. Increasing salinity level caused also a significant reduction in leaf greenness, fluorescence yield, and relative water content, and increased stomatal resistance of both plant varieties in both growing media. Increasing salinity level caused a significant increase in Na and Cl, and a decrease in K, P, and N concentrations in plants of both tested varieties and media. In conclusion, salinity caused a significant effect on all tested growth, physiological and mineral parameters of D. caryophyllus. An appropriate irrigation regime should be used as a key to success in ornamentals’ growth control.