bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specifying the structural formula of kaolinite from the Orenburg Region by means of spectroscopic methods
Authors: Chetverikova Anna G. , Makarov Valery N. , Kanygina Olga N. , Seregin Mikhail M. , Stroganova Elena A.
Published: June 2024

Kaolinite certification is necessary when using it as a raw material in the ceramic industry. The kaolin clay deposit discovered in the Orenburg Region in 2018 is presumably the largest in the country. Within the Koskolskaya area, 5 mineral deposits have been described. Three of them are particularly promising deposits of high-quality kaolin clay. Previously, studies of the technological and physical characteristics of clay from this deposit were carried out. The purpose of our study was to derive and specify the structural formula of kaolinite contained in the clays.      After elutriation and grinding in a ball mill, natural clay was sifted through a sieve with meshes of 40 μm. The conducted IR, Raman, and EPR spectroscopy, as well as DTA allowed us to monitor the process of metakaolinisation, which occurs as a result of dehydration of kaolinite (i.e. the process of transformation of kaolinite into metakaolinite). Spectroscopic methods made it possible to analyse the parameters of the fine structure, in particular, the degree of crystallinity of kaolinite particles and the occurrence of iron and magnesium ions in hydroxyl sheets.      Conducting a series of experiments, we managed to specify the structural formula of the kaolinite of the Koskolsky deposit of the Orenburg region: K,Na,Ca,Ba Al Fe ,Fe Mg Mn,Cr 0.16 3.62 3+ 2+0.11 0.27 0.01  Si Ti O OH 3.86 0.14 10 8.     The square brackets indicate the cationic compositions of the hydroxyl and siloxane sheets that formed the surface charge of the mineral particles. Compensator ions remain outside the square brackets. Thus, in our study we assessed the substance used as a raw material in the ceramic industry and determined the role of elutriation and mechanical treatment of kaolin clay.
Phase equilibra in the Ag2S–Ag8GeS6–Ag8SiS6 system and some properties of solid solutions
Authors: Ashirov Garay M. , Babanly Kamala N. , Mashadiyeva Leyla F. , Yusibov Yusif A. , Babanly Mahammad B.
Published: June 2024

Phase equilibria in the Ag2S–Ag8SiS6–Ag8GeS6 system were studied using differential thermal analysis and powder X-ray diffraction technique. Boundary section Ag8SiS6 – Ag8GeS6, liquidus surface projection, an isothermal section of the phase diagram at 300 K, and some polythermal sections of the studied system were constructed.      The formation of continuous series of solid solutions between both crystalline modifications of the starting compounds was determined in the Ag8SiS6–Ag8GeS6 system. The liquidus surface of the Ag2S–Ag8SiS6–Ag8GeS6 system consists of two fields corresponding to the primary crystallization of the high-temperature modifications of the HT-Ag8Si1-xGexS6 and HTAg 2S phases. Lattice parameters for both modification of solid solutions were calculated based on powder X-ray diffraction data. The concentration dependence of lattice parameters obeys Vegard’s rule.     The obtained new phases are of interest as environmentally safe materials with thermoelectric properties and mixed ionelectron conductivity
Hydrogen permeability of 48Cu52Pd cold-rolled alloy foil and different methods of its surface pretreatment
Authors: Morozova Natalia B. , Sidyakina Lidiya E. , Dontsov Alexey I. , Vvedenskii Alexander V.
Published: June 2024

The process of atomic hydrogen penetration into the metal phase is complicated by the phase-boundary transition from the liquid and/or gas phase. That is why the cleanliness of metal and alloy surfaces is of particular importance. The purpose of this work was to determine the effect of surface pretreatment using photon pulses, ultrasound, and potential cycling on the parameters of hydrogen permeability for 48Cu52Pd metal cold-rolled membranes.    The study was focused on a foil of copper-palladium homogeneous alloy with 48 at. % Cu and 52 at. % Pd composition. The studied samples were obtained by cold rolling and their thickness were 10 and 16 μm. Surface pretreatment included rinsing in acetone, using ultrasound, pulsed photon treatment, and quadruple potential cycling over a wide range of potentials. Electrochemical studies included cyclic voltammetry and cathode-anodic chronoamperometry in a deaerated 0.1 M H2SO4 solution. Hydrogen permeability was calculated using mathematical models for samples of finite and semi-infinite thickness.    It was found that the surface treatment of a 48Cu52Pd foil with photon pulses leads to both an increase in the ionisation rate of atomic hydrogen and an increase in the roughness of the foil surface. The diffusion coefficient of atomic hydrogen does not depend on the method of surface pretreatment with ultrasound and photon pulses. The extraction rate constant for the extraction of the atomic hydrogen after photon treatment increases, which facilitates the processes of both H introduction and ionisation due to the release of active centres of the surface. Electrochemical cleaning of the surface during the quadruple potential cycling contributes to the growth of the extraction rate constant for the extraction of atomic hydrogen
Features of the resistive response to ozone of semiconductor PdO sensors operating in thermomodulation mode
Authors: Ryabtsev Stanislav V. , Obvintseva Nina Yu. , Chistyakov Viktor V. , Al-Habeeb Azl A. K. , Shaposhnik Aleksey V. , Turishchev Sergey Yu. , Domashevskaya Evelina P.
Published: June 2024

This work is dedicated to the issue of increasing the selectivity of semiconductor PdO sensors in case of ozone detection.    Thin PdO films were obtained using thermal sputtering of Pd and its subsequent oxidation. We characterised the obtained material using X-ray diffraction analysis and optical spectroscopy. We studied the gas-sensing properties of thin films in the mode of periodically changing temperature. The use of the thermal modulation mode allowed discovering the extremes of the resistive response of the PdO sensor in ozone, which helped to increase the selectivity of the sensor while detecting this gas.    We suggested a possible mechanism of ozone chemisorption, which determined the specific form of the thermally modulated PdO response. The studies of the resistive response of PdO sensors under the conditions of ultraviolet illumination confirmed the suggested mechanism of ozone chemisorption
Localization of the E. coli Dps protein molecules in a silicon wires under removal of residual salt
Authors: Parinova Elena V. , Antipov Sergey S. , Sivakov Vladimir , Belikov Evgeny A. , Chuvenkova Olga A. , Kakuliia Iuliia S. , Trebunskikh Sergey Yu. , Fateev Kirill A. , Skorobogatov Matvey S. , Chumakov Ratibor G. , Lebedev Alexei M. , Putintseva Olga V. , Artyukhov Valerii G. , Turishchev Sergey Yu.
Published: June 2024

The work is related to the removal of residual salts in hybrid structures formed as a result of silicon wires arrays combining with a nanomaterial of natural origin – bacterial ferritin-like protein Dps. The study of the morphology and composition of the surface and the bulk part of the hybrid structure as a result of combination and subsequent washing in water was carried out.    The method of metal-assisted wet chemical etching was used to obtain silicon wires arrays. To obtain recombinant protein, Escherichia coli BL21*(DE3) cells with chromatographic purification were used as producers. The combination of silicon wires with protein molecules was carried out by layering them in laboratory conditions, followed by drying. The residual salt found earlier in the hybrid material was removed by washing in water. The resulting hybrid material was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A well-proven complementary combination of scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy together with ion etching was used to study the morphology of the hybrid material “silicon wires – bacterial protein Dps” and the composition with physico-chemical state respectively.    In arrays of silicon wires with a wire diameter of about 100 nm and a distance between them from submicron to nanometer sizes, protein was found as a result of layering and after treatment in water. At the same time, the amount of residual NaCl salt is minimized on the surface of the hybrid structure and in its volume.    The obtained data can be used in the development of coating technology for the silicon wires developed surface available for functionalization with controlled delivery of biohybrid material.
Surface energy in microwires. Review
Authors: Baranov Serghei A.
Published: June 2024

The research involves using an analytical solution of the Gibbs–Tolman–Koenig–Buff equation to calculate the microwire surface tension. The classical theory of nucleation and the statistical theory of density were used to determine dependencies for the surface energy of a cylindrical particle. It was shown that within the linear theory, both approaches produce similar results. However, within the nonlinear theory, the results may differ. The article presents an analysis of the analytical solutions of equations for a cylindrical surface within the van der Waals linear and nonlinear theories
Solid wetting layer, interphase formation, and thin-film nanomaterials. Brief review
Authors: Plyusnin Nikolay I.
Published: June 2024

A review of the results on the formation of the interface between 3d metals and silicon silicides under identical conditions for various parameters of the deposited vapor, crystallographic orientation and substrate temperature is presented. A generalization of the results has been carried out, which consists of the fact that during the process of deposition of hot vapor on a colder substrate, the transition from the surface phase to the bulk phase occurs through a solid wetting layer (SWL). A classification of substrate-stabilized phases, including SWL, is proposed. It has been shown that SWL has an electronic density different from bulk phases, a smooth or nanostructured morphology, optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, and plays an important role in the formation of interfaces between bulk phases, their epitaxial films and multilayer nanostructures. These studies suggest the promise of SWL as a new nanotechnology object for the creation of thin-film nanomaterials.      The studied problem is the formation of interfaces in thin-film nanomaterials. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the discovery of nonequilibrium solid wetting layers, their uniqueness and their role in the formation of the above-mentioned interfaces. This is important research for nanomaterial technologies.      A review and generalization of the results of the study of the metal–silicon interface obtained under identical conditions was carried out. The review shows the detection a new type of transition state of the film under nonequilibrium conditions, a solid wetting layer, and the generalization justifies its role in the formation of the interface. Solid wetting layers are important as a new concept for the development of the theory of thin film growth, as well as a new object of nanotechnology for the production of thin-film nanomaterials
Structural and optical properties of composition-graded InGaN nanowires
Authors: Gridchin Vladislav O. , Reznik Rodion R. , Kotlyar Konstantin P. , Kirilenko Demid A. , Dragunova Anna S. , Kryzhanovskaya Natalia V. , Cirlin George E.
Published: June 2024

At the moment, InGaN ternary compounds are of a great interest for the development of devices for sunlight driven water splitting. However, the synthesis of such materials is hindered by the fact that InxGa1–xN layers are susceptible to phase decomposition at x from 20 to 80%. Nanowires can be a promising solution to this problem. The purpose of our study was to analyze the structural and optical properties of InxGa1–xN nanowires with a gradient x content being inside the miscibility gap.     InxGa1–xN nanowires were grown on silicon substrates using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The structural properties of nanowires were studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The chemical composition and optical properties of nanowires were analyzed using energy-dispersive microanalysis and photoluminescence spectroscopy.       It was shown for the first time that the composition-graded InxGa1–xN nanowires with x from 40 to 60% can be grown using plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The grown samples exhibit photoluminescence at room temperature with a maximum at about 890 nm, which corresponds to an In content of about 62% according to the modified Vegard’s rule and the transmission electron microscopy data. The obtained results can be of practical interest for the development of devices for water splitting induced by sunlight or sources of near IR radiation
Electronic structure of germanium dioxide with rutile structure according to ab initio computer simulation data
Authors: Manyakin Maxim D. , Kurganskii Sergey I.
Published: June 2024

The article focuses on the electronic structure of the tetragonal crystalline modification of germanium dioxide. The electronic structure was theoretically studied by means of the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method using the Wien2k software.      Total and partial densities of electronic states were calculated. The spectra of the X-ray absorption near edge structure were simulated for various absorption edges of germanium and oxygen atoms. The Z+1 approximation method was used to calculate Ge K-, Ge L3- and O K absorption edges for the tetragonal modification of GeO2. The result obtained for the Ge K absorption edge is in good agreement with the experimental data.       The Ge L3 spectrum was calculated for the first time, and the result is of predictive nature. In order to obtain a better agreement with the experimental calculations of the oxygen K absorption edge, besides the Z+1 approximation method, we also used the core hole method, including the simulation of a partial core hole. The study demonstrated that the use of a core hole with an electron charge of 0.7 results in a better agreement between the calculations and the experiment
GaN micro- and nanostructures selectively grown on profiled sapphire substrates using PA-MBE without lithography
Authors: Semenov Alexey N. , Nechayev Dmitii V. , Troshkov Sergei I. , Berezina Darya S. , Saud Abbas Arwa , Jmerik Valentin N.
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Development of technology for the formation of ordered arrays of nanocolumns (NCs) of GaN microcrystals using plasma-activated molecular beam epitaxy from nitrogen (PA-MBE) on profiled sapphire substrates (SPS) of large diameter with a micro-cone profile. The proposed method eliminates the use of low-performance and expensive nanolithography methods. The article is aimed at a deeper understanding of the processes that determine the growth kinetics of III-N nanocolumns using PA MBE on patterned sapphire substrates with multiple orientations of various non-polar and polar planes.       A new technological process for the fabrication of GaN NCs using PA-MPE is proposed, which ensures selectivity of their growth at the tops of PPS micro-cones and suppresses growth on the semipolar planes of these substrates. GaN NCs and microcrystals were grown using PA-MBE on commercially available PPS.       A technology has been developed for the formation of discharged arrays of GaN nanocolumns without the use of lithographic procedures. Modes have been established that allow the formation of microcrystals and NCs with different diameters: from 30 nm to several microns. A diagram of the growth of GaN by the PA MBE method on PPS has been constructed, demonstrating the boundaries of the technological regimes for the formation of GaN NCs and microcrystals with different surface topography
Prospects of membrane catalysis in hydrogen energetics. Mini review
Authors: Shaposhnik Vladimir A.
Published: June 2024

Hydrogen energetics is undoubtedly highly relevant today as it not only allows solving the issue of energy production from a renewable water source but can also prevent the formation of greenhouse gases. They say that any new idea is a well forgotten old one. The paper is dedicated to an excellent but still unimplemented work of Sainte-Claire Deville who managed to obtain hydrogen from water vapor using membrane technology. He used a clay pipe as a membrane which selectively permeated hydrogen. This process occurred with heating up to 950 °C. Sainte-Claire Deville managed to obtain only a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of 4:1 and then to clean the product from oxygen using chemical reactions.
Modern membrane catalysts based on palladium or its alloys are selectively permeable only for hydrogen. This means that the membrane catalysis method with palladium membranes could allow to realize of hermal water disassociation more effectively and solve the issues of hydrogen energetics using only renewable raw materials.
The history of hydrogen discovery and methods of its production was also studied in this review. Different methods of energy production were analyzed, including mineral resources, wind turbines, solar panels, hydroenergetics, electrolysis, and nuclear power, and a forecast was presented based on them. The review should be considered as an invitation to further discussions regarding this highly relevant and important topic
Electrophysical properties of composite materials based on graphene oxide and polyaniline
Authors: Myasoedova Tatyana N. , Nedoedkova Olga V. , Yalovega Galina E.
Published: June 2024

The Hall method was used to study the electrical characteristics of composite materials based on polyaniline (PANI), graphene oxide (GO), and manganese. A comparison of these characteristics of GO-PANI and GO-PANI-Mn composite systems with GO and PANI monomaterials was carried out.
It was demonstrated that the electrical conductivity of composites was significantly higher than that of monomaterials and was determined by the charge carrier mobility.
Based on UV-visible and IR spectroscopy data, it was shown that the optical band gap (Eg) of the GO-PANI composite increased with the addition of metal, but decreased compared to PANI; the shift of characteristic vibrations to lower frequencies indicated a covalent interaction of the GO-PANI composite with manganese cations
Electrochemical activity of electroless Ni-P coatings in the hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Petukhov Igor V. , Kichigin Vladimir I.
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was investigation of the electrochemical activity of Ni-P coatings, differing in phosphorus content and structure, in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the identification of the reasons for their high activity in the reaction being studied.
The coatings were deposited from an electroless nickel plating solution, the phosphorus content in the coatings (from 4.8 to 8.0 wt. %) varied by changing the pH of the solution. It was found that during cathodic polarization in 0.5 M H2SO4 additional surface activation occurs as a result of dissolution of the surface layer of the coating, removal of phosphorus from the surface layer, and development of the electrode surface. Of all the coatings studied coatings containing 4.8% phosphorus were most susceptible to cathodic activation. Coatings with a phosphorus content of 8.0% were least susceptible to cathodic activation.
The similar electrochemical activity of the studied coatings (taking into account the roughness factor) in HER indicates that, as a result of cathodic polarization, the composition of the thin surface layer on which the cathodic reaction occurs is approximately the same, regardless of the initial phosphorus content
On population-space description of chemical reactivity
Authors: Roman F Nalewajski
Published: June 2024

The electron-population degrees-of-freedom of donor-acceptor systems are reexamined and alternative simple models of charge-transfer reactivity are discussed in the substrate and atomic resolutions. The in situ differential descriptors of the polarized subsystems are emphasized and alternative energy profiles in interactions between hard and soft acidic and basic reactants are used to investigate the process representative activation and reaction energies. The intersecting-state model of such acid-base (AB) systems is explored, its predictions of the reaction transition-state complex and its properties are summarized, and composite (AB)n systems are commented upon.
Generation of Smooth Reference Trajectories for Unmanned Wheeled Platforms Considering Automatic Constraints On Velocity, Acceleration and Jerk
Authors: Kokunko J. G. , Krasnova S. A.
Published: June 2024

The problem of generating smooth and achievable trajectories for the center of mass of unmanned wheeled platforms approximating a reference sequence of waypoints considering time is considered. A typical solution consists in spline interpolation of separate route sections with their subsequent stitching. At the same time, the problem of satisfying constraints on robot motion features such as velocity, acceleration, and jerk requires additional algorithmization. In contrast to labor-intensive analytical methods, this paper proposes a fundamentally new approach, simple in computational implementation, which provides dynamic smoothing of primitive trajectories. The principle of organization and method of designing an autonomous dynamic model (tracking differentiator) whose output variables, while tracking a primitive non-smooth trajectory, generate smooth curves whose derivatives do not exceed the design constraints of a particular robot and are achievable reference trajectories for it. Block control principle and smooth and bounded S-shaped sigmoidal local links are used to design the differentiator. The paper presents a procedure for setting up a three-block tracking differentiator, whose variables generate a smooth reference trajectory, as well as its first and second derivatives, in a signal pocoordinate form. It is shown that the developed procedure extends to tracking differentiators of any required order without limitation of generality. In particular, the structure and setting of a single-block tracking differentiator for obtaining express results at the stage of robot or polygon motion planning is specified. Numerical simulation results confirming the efficiency of the designed algorithms are presented.
PROTECTION OF CULTURAL VALUES UNDER THE AGGRESSION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kryvolapov B.
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the problem of protection of cultural values during the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. The author analyzes the Hague Convention of 1954 on the protection of cultural values and some other conventions and the possibilities of their application in this armed conflict. Facts about the violation by the Russian Federation of international treaties and conventions that are related to the protection of cultural values are analyzed. The international legal responsibility of the Russian Federation for the damage caused to the objects of the cultural heritage of Ukraine is examined separately.
CURRENT RUSSIA-IRAN COOPERATION AS A DESTABILISING FACTOROF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND A THREAT TO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Bilas I.
Published: June 2024

The article attempts a comprehensive analysis of modern relations between the russian federation and Iran. It analyses the formation of relations, the basis and reasons for the modern mutual interest of these totalitarian states in deepening cooperation. The main spheres of interaction between them amid full-scale military aggression of the russian federation against Ukraine have been traced. The article considers specific measures and projects aimed at, contrary to international sanctions, expanding moscow's impact on the illegal development of Iran's nuclear, military and technological potential. Considerable attention is paid to the cooperation of these countries with terrorist political regimes on russia's use of Iranian missile weapons to kill Ukrainians and destroy civilian infrastructure. It is proved that the strengthening of cooperation in the military sphere between the totalitarian states of the russian federation and Iran is a significant concern for the international community and poses a threat to international security.
DYEING OF COTTON FABRICS WITH SODIUM COPPER CHLOROPHYLL
Authors: Gülşen Bakıcı Gamze , Ala Deniz Mutlu
Published: June 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the dyeing temperature at which cotton fabrics will absorb the most sodium copper chlorophyll (SCC) dyestuff. Bleached 100% cotton rib knitted fabrics were dyed with SCC at different times without mordanting. The dye absorption of the fabrics was determined by a spectrophotometric method depending on the dyeing time. Firstly, SCC solutions with known concentrations were measured and the calibration (absorbance-concentration) curve was obtained. Then, the SCC concentrations remaining in the dye liquors after dyeing at different times were determined. The dye exhaustion of the fabrics was calculated using the concentrations of the dye baths before and after dyeing. Color measurements and fastness tests of the dyed samples were performed.
İNSAN KAYNAKLARINDA ETKİLİ İŞE ALIM SÜRECİ İÇİN TÜRKÇE BİR ONTOLOJİ GELİŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: Bitirim Selin , Çelik Ertuğrul Duygu
Published: June 2024

Geçmişten günümüze insanlar iş başvurusunda bulunurken özgeçmişlerini oluşturmakta ve değerlendirilmek üzere şirketlerin İnsan Kaynakları (IK) birimine göndermektedir. Özgeçmişler, bireylerin iş bulma hedefleri için genelde yapısız formatta yüklenen en önemli belgeleridir. Anlamsal Web teknolojisinin (Berners-Lee vd., 2001) temel bileşeni olan Ontolojiler (Guarino vd., 2009), makineler tarafından yorumlanabilir bilgiler içerir ve yapısız veri kaynaklarını daha yapısal hale sokmak için çözümler sağlar. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'de yerleşik büyük şirketlerin insan kaynaklarının İş Önerme sistemlerine entegre olabilecek, Türkçe olarak oluşturulmuş Özgeçmiş Öneri Sistemi Ontolojisi (Resume Recommender System Ontology —RRSO) sunulmaktadır. Çalışmanın çıktısı olan RRSO, bu alanda yapılan nadir Türkçe ontolojilerden biri olup, özellikle büyük şirketlerin IK gibi yoğun iş süreçlerini barındıran birimlerinde önyargısız işe alımı destekleyen ve işe alımın karar destek aşamalarında çalıştırılan JRS’ler için temel bir yapı taşı olabilecektir.
LAZER KESİM MAKİNELERİNDE İŞ PARÇASI KALINLIĞININ TİTREŞİM KAYNAKLI ÜRETİM HATALARINA ETKİSİ: DENEYSEL BİR İNCELEME
Authors: Kaya Deniz , Mert Derya , Kahraman Ahmet , Reis Murat
Published: June 2024

Lazer kesimde, özellikle karmaşık hatlara ve dar toleranslara sahip küçük parçaların üretiminde titreşimler, kesim kenarlarında kusurlara neden olarak ürün kalitesini olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Lazer kesim kafasının ve iş parçasının birbirine göre göreceli konumundaki mikro sapmalar, lazer kesim işlemindeki hataların kaynağını oluşturmaktadır. Lazer kesim kafasını taşıyan hareketli kütlelerin ivmesinin sınırlandırılması, gövde titreşimlerini azaltarak kesim doğruluğunu artırabilmekte ancak bu önlem, üretim hızını düşmesine neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, yüksek kesme hızlarını temsil eden aşırı çalışma koşulları altında bir lazer kesme makinesindeki titreşimleri analiz etmektedir. Bu amaçla ölçüm hassasiyeti ve veri toplama hızı yüksek olmasına rağmen oldukça ekonomik bir titreşim ölçüm cihazı geliştirilmiştir. Bu cihaz yardımıyla makine gövdesinde ve farklı kalınlıktaki iş parçalarında meydana gelen titreşimler tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, iş parçası kalınlığı azaldıkça makine gövdesi titreşimlerinin iş parçası üzerindeki etkisinin önemli ölçüde artma eğiliminde olduğunu ve bu durumun parça üzerinde kesme kusurlarına neden olabileceğini göstermektedir.
DERİN ÖĞRENME TABANLI MODELLERLE AKCİĞER X-RAY GÖRÜNTÜLERİNDEN COVID-19 TESPİTİ
Authors: Dokumacı Hacı Ömer
Published: June 2024

COVID-19 dünya çapında milyonlarca insanı enfekte etmiştir ve önemli hastalık ve ölümlere neden olmuştur. Akciğer röntgeni (CXR), COVID-19 hastalığını izlemek için hızlı ve etkili bir yöntemdir. CXR taramasından COVID-19 teşhisi zor olabilir ve deneyimli radyologlar bile her durumda kesin bir teşhis koyamayabilir. Bu çalışmada, çeşitli CNN tabanlı modellerin performansını değerlendirmek için COVID-19, akciğer opaklığı ve viral pnömonisi olan hastaların X-ışını görüntülerinden oluşan bir veri seti kullanıldı. Değiştirilmiş bir ConvNext’le, 4 yönlü sınıflandırmada COVID-19 görüntülerinde %98,1 doğruluk ve %97,8 kesinlik elde edildi. ConvNext, COVID-19 teşhisi için kullanılan en son tekniklere göre iyi bir performans sergilemektedir. Bu çalışmada ortaya konulan yöntem, klinisyenleri COVID-19 hastalarını taramada destekleyebilir. Böylece bu hastalar için daha hızlı tedavi ve daha iyi sağlık sonuçları mümkün olabilir.
DAHİLİ İÇ REFORMER İLE ÇALIŞAN ERİMİŞ KARBONAT YAKIT PİLİNİN (DIR-MCFC) PERFORMANS PARAMETRELERİNİN İNCELENMESİ, ENERJİ VE EKSERJİ ANALİZİ
Authors: Demiryürek Elvan , Koç Yıldız , Köse Özkan , Yağlı Hüseyin
Published: June 2024

Doğrudan İç Reformlu Erimiş Karbonat Yakıt Pilleri (DIR-MCFC), enerji sektöründe oldukça çeşitli uygulamalara yönelik bir çözüm sunarak dikkat çekmektedir. Bu teknoloji, yüksek enerji verimliliği, çeşitli yakıtları kullanma yeteneği ve yüksek sıcaklıklarda kararlı çalışabilme kapasitesi gibi özellikleri ile farklı endüstri alanlarında geniş bir potansiyel sağlamaktadır. DIR-MCFC'lerin termodinamik performansını etkileyen faktörlerin ayrıntılı bir şekilde anlaşılması, bu teknolojinin etkili bir şekilde optimize edilmesi için hayati öneme sahiptir. Bu bağlamda, DIR-MCFC sisteminin kapsamlı modellemesi ve simülasyonu akım yoğunluğu, yakıt kullanım oranı, hücre sıcaklığı ve CO_2 kullanım oranı gibi kritik parametrelerin sistem performansına etkisini anlamak ve geliştirmek için kapsamlı bir çalışma yapılmaktadır. DIR-MCFC'nin analizinde 600°C, 625°C ve 650°C hücre sıcaklıklarında elde ettiği maksimum güç değerleri sırasıyla 18454,26338 kW, 21869,68782 kW ve 24847,2680 kW olarak ölçüldü. Bu çalışma, sabit akım yoğunluğunda hücre sıcaklığındaki artışın enerji ve ekserji verimini artırdığını, en yüksek performansın 625°C'de (%50,15 enerji verimi, %44,91 ekserji verimi) elde edildiğini gösterdi. Maksimum yakıt kullanım oranında (%96) gücü 23512,730 kW olarak enerji ve ekserji verimleri sırasıyla %34,569 ve %30,958 olarak ölçüldü.
Chinese Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation on Personal Information Protection (Part II)
Authors: Zhang Jihong , Cao Yijun
Published: June 2024

The Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as Personal Information Law) has been officially implemented on November 1, 2021. The birth of this law embodies the idea of people-centered development and provides Chinese experience and solutions for the personal information protection problems faced by international society. This article focuses on the development of Chinese personal information law and explains the legislative purpose of Personal Information Law to further show seven highlights and two characteristics of it. Also, it puts emphasis on introducing Chinese procuratorial public interest litigation on personal information protection and points out the shortcomings of this existing system with a view to perfecting and developing the system value maximally.
Legal support for the transformation of agriculture in Russia and China
Authors: Voronina N. P.
Published: June 2024

Modern global economic, environmental and social problems determine the search for their new solutions. Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the economies of Russia and China. Currently, one can see the processes of transformation of the organization and implementation of agricultural activities. This article analyzes the legal support for the processes of technological, digital and «green» agricultural transformation and the transition to a model of environmentally-oriented agriculture, which allows simultaneously solving both environmental problems and ensuring one’s own food security and exporting agricultural products. The general trends in the development of agriculture at the present stage are outlined. Proposals have been formulated to improve the legal regulation of agricultural activities.
Prospects of using AR and VR technologies in teaching Legal English at universities in Russia and China
Authors: Pikalova V. V.
Published: June 2024

Social demand for graduates with the ability to create a product in a foreign language and participate immediately in activities in a foreign language can be partially satisfied by the usage of immersive learning methods in the paradigm of higher education. Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) are popular immersive reality technologies that can be used within such methods. There are reasons to believe that thanks to their advantages immersive methods can become mainstream in the numerous global educational trends. In the article, the author analyzes the functions of augmented and virtual reality technologies in teaching a foreign language, and refers to the existing experience of using such technologies in Russia and China.
Detecting microfragments of glass in scar tissues
Authors: Tolmachev Igor A. , Antipov Vyacheslav M. , Lavrukova Olga S.
Published: June 2024

The identification of traumatic causes in the case of damage caused by sharp objects has always been one of the main issues of interest to the investigating authorities. Currently, forensic medicine allows for determining a specific acute traumatic object, including glass fragments. However, in the available literature, no information is available about the possibility of detecting microfragments of glass in the scar. Herein, the case of a man who suffered a chest wound is presented. The patient was brought to the hospital, where the wound was sutured. In the medical records, the wound was described as a stab wound and could have been caused by a knife. The accused categorically denied inflicting a knife wound on this person and argued that the victim was in a state of severe alcoholic intoxication and fell repeatedly, including on a sideboard, glass from which was found during an inspection of the scene. Four months later, the victim died from alcohol poisoning. A forensic medical examination was conducted to confirm the possibility of injury from glass fragments from the sideboard. A scar was identified on the victim’s chest. Microparticles were found in the scar tissue, and their characteristics led to the conclusion that they were microfragments of colorless, transparent glass. Determining the presence of glass microfragments in scar tissue does not require complex technical equipment and are common in wide expert practice; their use has confirmed the possibility of detecting glass microfragments not only in soft tissues along the wound channel but also in scar tissue after wound healing.
A Brilliant, but Problematic Study: What do the Results of Frank (et al.) signify?
Authors: Albrecht Joshua
Published: June 2024

Frank (et al.)'s article, "Exploring the variability of musical-emotion expression over historical time" is a thoughtful, creative attempt to tackle the thorny problem of reconstructing the historical cognition and perception of music. The article is a pleasure to read, owing in large part to the brilliant design of using musical excerpts composed by Johann David Heinichen to explicitly express particular emotional states. These descriptions serve as a ground truth for a modern empirical study. The study produced negative results, which are always tricky to interpret. This review explores some of the methodological choices of the study that may have contributed to the negative results. The review then questions the interpretations of the negative results suggested by the authors in light of some of the problematic methodological decisions of the study, especially the claims that the results suggest that the perception of musical affect has changed over the past 200 years. Finally, the review proposes what conclusions are appropriate to draw from the study in light of its design and framing.
Commentary on Frank et al.'s "Exploring the variability of musical-emotional expression over historical time"
Authors: Fiedler Daniel
Published: June 2024

Music is often regarded as the 'language of the emotions' (Cooke, 1995), and since the early 20th century, empirical research into musical emotions has been conducted to explore the mystery of how they are evoked by music. In this context, Frank et al. presented an experimental study that examined the scarcely researched field of historical listening. Their study aimed to investigate the question, "Do modern listeners hear the emotional content in Baroque music that the composer intended to portray?". The results indicated that modern listeners placed the three modern excerpts in the expected quadrants of the valence-arousal space. However, there were significantly different valence and arousal ratings among the Baroque examples and the modern excerpts, and significant differences between paired examples (where Baroque and modern examples were expected to fall into the same quadrants) occurred. This commentary summarizes Frank et al.'s experimental study, discusses methodological considerations, and suggests possible refinements for future (experimental) studies on historical listening.
Aesthetic Education as an Important Area of Educational Work in Universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia
Authors: Чешуйкина Т.Ю.
Published: June 2024

Рассматриваются роль и значение эстетического воспитания в процессе проведения воспитательной работы среди обучающихся образовательных организаций МВД России в рамках морально-психологического обеспечения деятельности органов внутренних дел. Представлены теоретические аспекты эстетического воспитания, описаны формы и методы, используемые при проведении воспитательной работы. Выявлена взаимосвязь между формированием требуемых качеств сотрудников правоохранительной службы и задачами эстетического воспитания. Рассмотрены мероприятия, нацеленные на совершенствование эстетического воспитания курсантов Омской академии МВД России. Делается вывод о том, какие педагогические условия необходимо создавать для обеспечения эффективности процесса эстетического воспитания обучающихся вузов МВД России.

The role and significance of aesthetic education in the process of carrying out educational work among students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia within the framework of moral and psychological support for the activities of internal affairs bodies is considered. Theoretical aspects of aesthetic education are presented, the forms and methods used in carrying out educational work are described. The relationship between the formation of the required qualities of law enforcement officers and the tasks of aesthetic education has been identified. Activities aimed at improving the aesthetic education of cadets of the Omsk Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia are considered. A conclusion is drawn about what pedagogical conditions need to be created to ensure the effectiveness of the process of aesthetic education of students at universities of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
The Scientific and Applied Signifiсance of the Teachings of K.G. Jung on Personality Typology
Authors: Азарнов Н.Н. , Мосолова С.С.
Published: June 2024

Представлен обзор фундаментального учения К.Г. Юнга о психологических типах. Дается определение «интроверсии» и «экстраверсии» как ключевых понятий аналитической психологии. Приводится краткая характеристика восьми психотипов личности, предложенных К.Г. Юнгом. Показана актуальность данного учения, его значимость для науки и практики.

An overview of the fundamental teachings of K.G. Jung on psychological types. The definition of “introversion” and “extraversion” as key concepts of analytical psychology is given. A brief description of the eight personality psychotypes proposed by K.G. Jung. The relevance of this teaching, its significance for science and practice is shown.
Prototype Disaster Response Robot with Variable Size and Rigidity
Authors: Ochi Kodai , Matsumoto Mitsuharu
Published: June 2024

Disaster response robots are designed to replace human workers in hazardous environments. When transporting such robots, transportation by aircraft is sometimes desirable because land routes are not always safe. The performance of disaster response robots is constantly improving; however, their volume and mass tend to increase, which makes current disaster response robots unsuitable for air transportation. Thus, robots with variable size and rigidity should be developed to facilitate effective and efficient air transport. Therefore, we developed a lightweight robot that can be stored in a small space. The prototype robot is composed of a lightweight sponge that can be vacuum compressed to save space during transportation and can be deployed from the air. After being transported to the site, the robot can return to its original size by opening the package and releasing it from compression. In addition, the robot’s rigidity is realized using UV-curing resin. The robot is also equipped with a vibration propulsion mechanism, and we confirmed that the robot can move using this mechanism. Furthermore, the robot was found to be able to change direction and carry lightweight objects.
A New Family of Heavy-Tailed Generalized Topp-Leone-G	Distributions with Application
Authors: Moakofi Thatayaone , Oluyede Broderick , Tlhaloganyang Bakang , Puoetsile Agolame
Published: June 2024

In this article, we introduce a robust generalization of the generalized Topp-Leone-G (GEN-TL-G) family of distributions via the heavy-tailed technique. The distribution is named heavy-tailed generalized Topp-Leone-G (HT-GEN-TL-G) family of distributions. Statistical properties of the HT-GEN-TL-G family of distributions including reliability functions, quantile function, density expansion, moments, moment generating function, incomplete moments, Rényi entropy, distribution of order statistics are derived. Different estimation methods including Maximum Likelihood, Anderson-Darling, Ordinary Least Squares, Weighted Least Squares, Cram\'er-von Mises and Maximum Product of Spacing are utilized to estimate the unknown parameters of the new distribution, and a simulation study is used to compare the results of the estimation methods. Risk measures for this distribution were also developed and finally the effectiveness of this new family of distributions was demonstrated using applications to two real data sets.
The importance of learning in aesthetic surgery during plastic surgery residency
Authors: Ramirez Oliver René , Flores Emmanuel A. , Gracida Noe I. , Grau Karla F. , Sánchez Jazmin Villasana , Azcúe Arsenio F. Araujo , Piña Raymundo Torres
Published: June 2024

Given the challenges and the long journey that every plastic surgeon undergoes, it is commendable to witness the training received by residents in plastic and reconstructive surgery in aesthetic procedures (body contouring, breast augmentation, mastopexy, rhinoplasty, facelift, blepharoplasty) during their final year of training at a tertiary institution in a country like Mexico. It is important to verify whether they develop optimal and comprehensive training to face their professional lives. The number of aesthetic surgeries performed by 12 residents during their final year of plastic surgery training was captured from clinical records for the years 2022 and 2023. The data were compiled into a database using Microsoft excel V16.47.1 and subsequently analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software, v23.0. Significant differences were found among residents (p value=0.02) regarding the number of procedures performed by each one. However, according to the presented diagnoses, each resident faces the same cases, which are the most requested in Mexico and worldwide. This review study concludes that final-year residents in plastic surgery undergo training adhering to the academic program established by the PUEM, performing the most common aesthetic procedures in Mexico and worldwide according to the diagnoses presented by each resident.
Cervicofacial actinomycosis with chronic parotid sialadenitis-mimicking malignant neoplasm of parotid gland: a rare case
Authors: Gaikwad M. D. , Zainab Bibi , Choudhary Amir
Published: June 2024

Cervicofacial actinomycosis is an uncommon disease caused by Actinomycosis israelii. Chronic ‘sialadenitis’ of parotid gland is an insidious inflammatory disorder and may form a fibrous mass. We report a case of 55 years old female presenting with mass in right parotid region-on imaging-malignant neoplasm of parotid gland. But on histopathology-actinomycosis and chronic parotid sialadenitis.
Reduction of pancreatic leak rate after pancreaticoduodenectomy by changing anastomotic and drainage techniques: a long-term single center experience
Authors: Elsheikh Mohamed M. , Abdelhamid Amir F. , Moussa Hossam R.
Published: June 2024

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy is the best curative option for malignant pancreatic head neoplasms with a high perioperative morbidity rate. Pancreatic leak is the most feared complication. This study was done to describe our early and late experience outcomes of PD after implementing technical modifications to decrease the postoperative incidence of pancreatic leak.
Methods: The data of 53 patients were collected and divided into two groups: the early experience group (27 cases) and the late experience group (26 cases). The main two modifications performed in late group were Heidelberg technique for pancreatojejunostomy anastomosis (all cases) and irrigation of the pancreatic anastomosis (selected cases).
Results: All preoperative demographic, clinical, laboratory, and intraoperative findings showed insignificant differences between the two groups (p≥0.05). Nonetheless, cases in the late group had shorter operative time, less intraoperative blood loss, and less need for blood transfusion (p<0.05(. Postoperatively, the incidence of pancreatic leak decreased with technical modifications (11.54% vs. 37.04% in the early group). The late group showed earlier time to oral intake and shorter hospitalization periods. In-hospital mortality occurred in 14.81% of early cases secondary to pancreatic leak and subsequent secondary haemorrhage and multiorgan failure. Obesity (p<0.001), soft pancreas (p<0.001), and small pancreatic duct diameter (p=0.007) were significant predictors of pancreatic leak.
Conclusions: Surgical expertise and technical modifications play a crucial role in improving PD outcomes with less incidence of complications, earlier oral intake, and shorter hospitalization period.