bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Irony Expression Techniques in the Genre of Black Comedy Films: Focused on Netflix Films
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Sungeun
Published: November 2022

This study researched the irony expression technique used in the genre of black comedy film  released in 2021 on Netflix. Black comedy is a genre that has the purpose of criticism, and proper delivery of this critical viewpoint through films is critical in this genre. To expose the theme, a film  makes full use of ironic expressions. The comical effect of these expressions maintain the light atmosphere of this film, while emphasizing the parts to be criticized. A variety of ironic expression techniques in this work are worth analyzing since they are used as devices that can convey its message well. The investigator uses the classification of irony by Lee, Jeonggook, which classifies irony into dramatic irony, plot irony, irony of character, irony of place, irony of music, etc., to analyze the ironic expression techniques used in this film. The purpose of this study is to analyze how the irony occurs and find what effect it has on the narrative which may be helpful of creating scenario.
Analisis Perkerabatan Drosophila ananassae Dari Daratan Kendari
Authors: Suriana Suriana , Adi Dwi Arinto , Nasaruddin Nasaruddin
Published: November 2022

D. ananassae kinship catched on Kendari mainland had been analized by crossing beetween D. Ananassae from Kendari, Pondidaha and Lasolo regions, experiment method conducted with 3 resiprocal each, Data conversioned in isolation indexes and tested with Duncan’s test. Isolation index of D.ananassae from Kendari region with F-count =4.10, greater than F-tab (3.11), average of isolation indexes was 0.13, that mean kinship of D.ananassae from Kendari mainland (Kendari, Pondidaha and Lasolo) were closed enough one another and assumed that they were same species.Keywords: D. ananassae, kinship, Kendari mainland                                                    AbstrakKekerabatan D. Ananassae yang ditangkap didaratan Kendari telah dianalisis dengan persilangan antara D. Ananassae yang ditangkap dari daerah Kendari, Pondidaha dan Lasolo. Dengan metode eksperimen yang terdiri dari 3 kali ulangan untuk setiap perlakuan, data yang diperoleh dikonversi menjadi data indeks isolasi dan diuji dengan analisis varians dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan.  Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa indeks isolasi seksual D. Ananassae di daratan Kendari mempunyai F-hitung sebesar 4,10 dan lebih besar daripada F-tabel sebesar 3,11.  rata-rata indeks isolasi seksual yang didapatkan adalah sebesar 0,13, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kekerabatan D. Ananassae di daratan Kendari cukup dekat dan diduga D. Ananassae yang ditangkap di Kendari, Pondidaha dan Lasolo berada pada level spesies yang sama.Key words: D. ananassae, perkerabatan, daratan Kendari
Meaning Of The Phrase “Sin That Doesn't Create Death” According To 1 John 5:16
Authors: Hia Mitra Milawati , Widianto Kasiatin
Published: November 2022

The title of this research is as follows: The Meaning Of The Phrase “Sin That Does Not Bring Death” According To 1 John 5:16 "The purpose of this study is to prove and explain the meaning of the phrase Sin that does not bring death according to 1 John 5:16. The research method used in This study uses an exegesis study, using books as reference material for more valid literature review research requirements. There are several results as conclusions in this study, namely as follows: "sins that are not bring death" referred to in 1 John 5:16 is the sin of believers (those who have been born again) who have sinned unintentionally and that sin does not involve a planned rebellion against God's will, so that "sin that does not bring death" this is the kind of sin that does not result in eternal death or does not lead to eternal punishment, a sin that does not make a person certain to go to hell. Because for this sin has been provided forgiveness by God in the atonement of Christ.
The Influence of Booklet “Happy Entrepreneurship” toward the Entrepreneurship Motivation on the Students of Campus IV Blora, Health Polytechnic of Ministry of Health, Semarang
Authors: Sari Marlynda Happy Nurmalita , Harwijayanti Bekti Putri
Published: November 2022

Intoduction: Students need to be motivated from an early age about entrepreneurship to be better prepared to become graduates who will create employment opportunities. Purpose: to know the effect of the booklet "Happy Entrepreneur" on the entrepreneurial motivation of Campus IV Blora Poltekkes Ministry of Health Semarang. Methods: Quasi-Experiment with Pretest and Posttest Control Group approach. Each sample is 27 students. Wilcoxon test for pre and post test in each treatment group and control group. Mann Whitney test to see pre-post differences between groups. Multiple logistic regression to see the most dominant variable. Results: There is a difference in motivation pre and posttest only in the treatment group (p value 0.000). There were differences in motivation in the treatment and control groups only in the posttest (p value 0.034). The results of the partial test in the pretest group, the supporting variable (p value 0.000) had a significant effect on entrepreneurial motivation. In the posttest group, the variables of knowledge (p value 0.042), family support (p value 0.001), and father's work (p value 0.013) had a significant effect on entrepreneurial motivation. Conclusion: There is an effect of giving “Happy Entrepreneurship” booklet media on students' knowledge in providing entrepreneurial motivation.
Perbandingan Efektivitas Totok Wajah dengan Terapi Musik Klasik terhadap Tingkat Cemas dan Nyeri pada Remaja Dismenore Primer
Authors: Anggraini Fitrya , Syamsuddin Saidah , Usman Andi Nilawati , Sinrang Wardihan , As'ad Suryani , Tamar Muhamad
Published: November 2022

Introduction: In each country more than 50% of the average woman still experiences menstrual pain. Meanwhile, in Indonesia, it is estimated that 55% of women of reproductive age suffer from pain during menstruation. The purpose of the study was to review non-pharmacological interventions regarding facial acupressure (BL-2, Yin Tang, GV 23, GB 15, Tai Yang, GB 14, Ex Hn4, TE 23, Sang Ming, LI-20, Ex Hn 8, ST-3, Si 18, Du 26, REN 24, JiaCenjiang, SJ21, SJ17, GB-2) and Mozart classical music in reducing pain in primary dysmenorrhea. Methods: This research is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design. The approach in the research used is pre-post test design. In November-January 2022 at Megarezky University Makassar. The sample in this study were 28 dysmenorrheal adolescents aged <25 years who were divided into two groups, namely a full-blooded face and classical music group. Results: There were pre and post differences in the acupressure and classical music groups with pain intensity (p=0.002). And there was no significant difference between the full-blooded face group and classical music (p=0.20<0.05). Conclusion: There is an effect of giving face acupressure and classical music in reducing pain and anxiety in primary dysmenorrhea.
A review of the Digital Twin technology for fault detection in buildings
Authors: Hosamo Haidar Hosamo , Nielsen Henrik Kofoed , Alnmr Ammar Njeeb , Svennevig Paul Ragnar , Svidt Kjeld
Published: November 2022

This study aims to evaluate the utilization of technology known as Digital Twin for fault detection in buildings. The strategy consisted of studying existing applications, difficulties, and possibilities that come with it. The Digital Twin technology is one of the most intriguing newly discovered technologies rapidly evolving; however, some problems still need to be addressed. First, using Digital Twins to detect building faults to prevent future failures and cutting overall costs by improving building maintenance is still ambiguous. Second, how Digital Twin technology may be applied to discover inefficiencies inside the building to optimize energy usage is not well defined. To address these issues, we reviewed 326 documents related to Digital Twin, BIM, and fault detection in civil engineering. Then out of the 326 documents, we reviewed 115 documents related to Digital Twin for fault detection in detail. This study used a qualitative assessment to uncover Digital Twin technology’s full fault detection capabilities. Our research concludes that Digital Twins need more development in areas such as scanner hardware and software, detection and prediction algorithms, modeling, and twinning programs before they will be convincing enough for fault detection and prediction. In addition, more building owners, architects, and engineers need substantial financial incentives to invest in condition monitoring before many of the strategies discussed in the reviewed papers will be used in the construction industry. For future investigation, more research needs to be devoted to exploring how machine learning may be integrated with other Digital Twin components to develop new fault detection methods.
A case study and parametric analysis of predicting hurricane-induced building damage using data-driven machine learning approach
Authors: Klepac Steven , Subgranon Arthriya , Olabarrieta Maitane
Published: November 2022

As coastal populations increase every year, greater numbers of people and buildings to support them are left vulnerable to severe hazards associated with hurricanes, which have shown signs of increasing strength and frequency related to climate change. Community-level decision making is essential to adequately prepare populations for the risks associated with imminent hurricanes and to adapt buildings to be more resilient. This creates a need for state-of-the-art methods such as data-driven machine learning to predict the damage that buildings will experience during hurricanes and support decisions for community stakeholders. Previous research has attempted to proactively forecast hurricane damage using numerical frameworks for individual building archetypes or by incorporating a narrow spectrum of input features. The focus of this study is a novel machine learning framework trained on building, hazard, and geospatial data to hindcast damage from Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, Michael, and Laura, with the objective of forecasting expected damage from future hurricanes. Performance of different algorithms were investigated including k-nearest neighbors, decision tree, random forest, and gradient boosting trees algorithms. In predicting qualitative damage states, random forest outperforms other algorithms with 76% accuracy in the hindcast. Parametric studies identify which features contribute the most to accurate predictions and demonstrate that prediction accuracy increases linearly for this case study with additional reconnaissance data to train the model. Finally, a comparison is drawn between this model and the ability of Federal Emergency Management Agency’s Hazus Multi-Hazard Hurricane Model to estimate building-specific damage on the same hindcast set of buildings.
Pannexin1 channels—a potential therapeutic target in inflammation
Authors: Rusiecka Olga M. , Tournier Malaury , Molica Filippo , Kwak Brenda R.
Published: November 2022

An exaggerated inflammatory response is the hallmark of a plethora of disorders. ATP is a central signaling molecule that orchestrates the initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response by enhancing activation of the inflammasome, leukocyte recruitment and activation of T cells. ATP can be released from cells through pannexin (Panx) channels, a family of glycoproteins consisting of three members, Panx1, Panx2, and Panx3. Panx1 is ubiquitously expressed and forms heptameric channels in the plasma membrane mediating paracrine and autocrine signaling. Besides their involvement in the inflammatory response, Panx1 channels have been shown to contribute to different modes of cell death (i.e., pyroptosis, necrosis and apoptosis). Both genetic ablation and pharmacological inhibition of Panx1 channels decrease inflammation in vivo and contribute to a better outcome in several animal models of inflammatory disease involving various organs, including the brain, lung, kidney and heart. Up to date, several molecules have been identified to inhibit Panx1 channels, for instance probenecid (Pbn), mefloquine (Mfq), flufenamic acid (FFA), carbenoxolone (Cbx) or mimetic peptides like 10Panx1. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these compounds lack specificity and/or serum stability, which limits their application. The recent availability of detailed structural information on the Panx1 channel from cryo-electron microscopy studies may open up innovative approaches to acquire new classes of synthetic Panx1 channel blockers with high target specificity. Selective inhibition of Panx1 channels may not only limit acute inflammatory responses but may also prove useful in chronic inflammatory diseases, thereby improving human health. Here, we reviewed the current knowledge on the role of Panx1 in the initiation and resolution of the inflammatory response, we summarized the effects of Panx1 inhibition in inflammatory pathologies and recapitulate current Panx1 channel pharmacology with an outlook towards future approaches.
Nicotinamide riboside kinases regulate skeletal muscle fiber-type specification and are rate-limiting for metabolic adaptations during regeneration
Authors: Sonntag Tanja , Ancel Sara , Karaz Sonia , Cichosz Paulina , Jacot Guillaume , Giner Maria Pilar , Sanchez-Garcia José Luis , Pannérec Alice , Moco Sofia , Sorrentino Vincenzo , Cantó Carles , Feige Jérôme N.
Published: November 2022

Nicotinamide riboside kinases (NRKs) control the conversion of dietary Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) to NAD+, but little is known about their contribution to endogenous NAD+ turnover and muscle plasticity during skeletal muscle growth and remodeling. Using NRK1/2 double KO (NRKdKO) mice, we investigated the influence of NRKs on NAD+ metabolism and muscle homeostasis, and on the response to neurogenic muscle atrophy and regeneration following muscle injury. Muscles from NRKdKO animals have altered nicotinamide (NAM) salvage and a decrease in mitochondrial content. In single myonuclei RNAseq of skeletal muscle, NRK2 mRNA expression is restricted to type IIx muscle fibers, and perturbed NAD+ turnover and mitochondrial metabolism shifts the fiber type composition of NRKdKO muscle to fast glycolytic IIB fibers. NRKdKO does not influence muscle atrophy during denervation but alters muscle repair after myofiber injury. During regeneration, muscle stem cells (MuSCs) from NRKdKO animals hyper-proliferate but fail to differentiate. NRKdKO also alters the recovery of NAD+ during muscle regeneration as well as mitochondrial adaptations and extracellular matrix remodeling required for tissue repair. These metabolic perturbations result in a transient delay of muscle regeneration which normalizes during myofiber maturation at late stages of regeneration via over-compensation of anabolic IGF1-Akt signaling. Altogether, we demonstrate that NAD+ synthesis controls mitochondrial metabolism and fiber type composition via NRK1/2 and is rate-limiting for myogenic commitment and mitochondrial maturation during skeletal muscle repair.
Buyang Huanwu decoction affects gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in a ZDF rat model of co-morbid type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: An integrated metabolomics analysis
Authors: Liu Mei , Zhao Qinmian , Liu Jiayan , Huang Aijing , Xia XinHua
Published: November 2022

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease associated with many severe complications such as blindness, amputation, renal failure, and cardiovascular disease. Currently, the prevention and treatment of T2DM is a major global challenge as the number of aging and obese people is increasing. Traditional Chinese medicine offers the advantages of multi-target holistic and individual treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, most of the TCMs for T2DM are not scientifically evaluated. Here, Buyang Huanwu decoction (BYHWD), a widely used TCM formula, was used to explore scientific pharmacological activity against T2DM in rat models. First, BYHWD exhibited excellent inhibitory actions against body fat accumulation and increased blood triglyceride levels, and a high-fat diet (HFD) induced blood glucose elevation in diabetic rats. Moreover, 16S rDNA sequencing of fecal samples identified the distinct changes in the community composition of gut flora following BYHWD treatment, displayed as significantly increased Bacteroidetes and dramatically decreased Firmicutes at the phyla level, and the remarkable increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus and Blautia. Additionally, lipid metabolomics based on liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry revealed a significant shift of lipid metabolites in the liver after BYHWD treatment. Notably, these differential lipid metabolites were particularly involved in biological processes such as cholesterol metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, insulin resistance, arachidonic acid metabolism, and alpha-linoleic acid metabolism. Importantly, Spearman correlation analyses suggested an association between disturbed gut microbiota and altered lipid metabolites. Moreover, they were also closely associated with the bioactivities of BYHWD to reduce the blood lipid and blood glucose levels. Collectively, these results suggest that BYHWD could meliorate gut microbiota dysbiosis and lipid metabolite alterations induced by the HFD in diabetic rats. These results not only provide a novel perspective on understanding the mechanisms underlying BYHWD bioactivity against T2DM but also suggest the use of advanced systems biology methods to reveal some unknown scientific laws in TCM theories.
Probiotic Pediococcus pentosaceus ameliorates MPTP-induced oxidative stress via regulating the gut microbiota–gut–brain axis
Authors: Pan Sipei , Wei Hongming , Yuan Shushu , Kong Yu , Yang Huiqun , Zhang Yuhe , Cui Xiaorui , Chen Weian , Liu Jiaming , Zhang Yang
Published: November 2022

Recent evidence demonstrated that functional bacteria were involved in the regulation of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the mechanism of probiotics in improving PD was unclear. Here the antioxidant effect and the mechanism of probiotics Pediococcus pentosaceus (PP) on PD were studied by regulating the gut–brain axis. In this study, male C57BL/6J mice were injected with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intraperitoneally to establish a PD model and were then treated with PP for 4 weeks. Subsequently, a series of neurobehavioral tests to evaluate the motor function of the mice was performed. Additionally, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, accumulation of α-synuclein, the production of an oxidative stress response, and the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway-related proteins were evaluated. Moreover, the gut microbial composition and the level of metabolite γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were assessed. The results showed that PP treatment could improve MPTP-induced motor deficits, the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, and the accumulation of α-synuclein. Moreover, PP treatment significantly increased the levels of SOD1, Gpx1, and Nrf2, while it decreased the levels of Keap1 in the brain of MPTP-induced mice. Notably, PP treatment improved the gut microbial dysbiosis and increased the level of GABA in MPTP-induced mice. These findings indicated that PP might represent a promising candidate, due to the metabolite of GABA, that could be used for the treatment of PD.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus-like particles induce dendritic cell maturation and modulate T cell immunity
Authors: Mi Youjun , Liang Lijuan , Xu Kun , Li Qing , Wang Wenting , Dang Wenrui , Deng Jiahui , Zhi Yucheng , Li Xuefeng , Tan Jiying
Published: November 2022

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that play an important role in both innate and acquired immune responses against pathogens. However, the role of DCs in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is unclear. Virus-like particles (VLPs) that structurally mimic the original virus are one of the candidates COVID-19 vaccines. In the present study, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) VLPs were used as an alternative to live virus to evaluate the interaction of the virus with DCs. The results revealed that SARS-CoV-2 VLPs induced DC maturation by augmenting cell surface molecule expression (CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II)) and inflammatory cytokine production (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-12p70) in DCsviathe mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB signaling pathways. In addition, mature DCs induced by SARS-CoV-2 VLPs promoted T cell proliferation, which was dependent on VLPs concentration. Our results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 VLPs regulate the immune response by interacting with DCs. These findings will improve the understanding of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development.
Primary and secondary cardiovascular disease prevention interventions targeting lifestyle risk factors in women: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Slater Kaylee , Colyvas Kim , Taylor Rachael , Collins Clare E. , Hutchesson Melinda
Published: November 2022

Background and aims

Over seven million women die from cardiovascular disease (CVD) annually. While lifestyle modification is recommended for CVD prevention, there are no systematic reviews evaluating the effectiveness of interventions targeted to women. The primary aim of this systematic review is to determine the efficacy of primary and secondary CVD prevention interventions targeting lifestyle risk factors in women.

Methods

Six electronic databases were searched up to January 2022. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials of primary or secondary CVD prevention interventions targeting CVD lifestyle risk factors (diet, physical activity, sedentary behavior, smoking, alcohol, sleep, and weight management) in women (≥18 years) that reported CVD risk markers or lifestyle risk factors. Meta-analyses were conducted on CVD risk markers and body mass index (BMI), and the level of evidence was applied to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) criteria and reported.

Results

Thirty-five RCTs were included (24 primary and 11 secondary prevention). Meta-analyses demonstrated that lifestyle CVD prevention interventions achieved statistically significant reductions in BMI at ≤ 6 months (0.95 kg/m2, 95% CI = 0.54 to 1.35, p < 0.0001), 12 months (0.61 kg/m2, 95% CI = 0.07 to 1.16, p = 0.03) and >12 months (0.58 kg/m2, 95% CI = 0.01 to 1.16, p = 0.05), and systolic blood pressure (mmHg) at ≤ 6 months (3.51, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Lifestyle interventions are important for the prevention of CVD in women, specifically to reduce systolic blood pressure in the short term (≤ 6 months) and BMI long term (>12 months).

Systematic review registration

https://osf.io/bkwqm, identifier: osf-registrations-bkwqm-v1.
Higher general executive functions predicts lower body mass index by mitigating avoidance behaviors
Authors: La Marra Marco , Ilardi Ciro Rosario , Villano Ines , Polito Rita , Sibillo Maria Raffella , Franchetti Marina , Caggiano Angela , Strangio Francesca , Messina Giovanni , Monda Vincenzo , Di Maio Girolamo , Messina Antonietta
Published: November 2022

Background

The present study examines the relationship between obesity, executive functions, and body image in a nonclinical population from southern Italy.

Methods

General executive functioning (Frontal Assessment Battery–15), and body image disturbances (Body Uneasiness Test) were assessed in a sample including 255 participants (138 females, M age = 43.51 years, SD = 17.94, range = 18–86 years; M body mass index (BMI) = 26.21, SD = 4.32, range = 18.03–38.79).

Findings

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis indicated that age, years of education, FAB15 score, body image concerns, and avoidance predicted the variance of BMI. A subsequent mediation analysis highlighted that the indirect effect of FAB15 on BMI through avoidance was statistically significant.

Interpretation

Our results suggest that more performing executive functioning predicts a decrease in BMI that is partially due to the mitigation of avoidance behaviors.
Design and performance analysis of a charge controller for solar system using MATLAB/SIMULINK
Authors: Samuel Isaac A. , Izi Oghenekome , Somefun Tobiloba E. , Awelewa Ayokunle A. , Katende James
Published: November 2022

The energy utilization of a Photovoltaic (PV) module is determined by the maximum power the module harnesses from the sun. A static PV module can only harness maximum power from the sun at a particular time in a day as the sun revolves. This simply means that if the PV module can be designed to move in such a direction to harness maximum power from the sun, then its energy utilization efficiency will be highly improved over the period the Sun is available. This design can be achieved by employing Perturb and Observe (P and O) algorithm for maximum power point tracking (MPPT). In this study, Propotional and Integral (PI) controller along with P and O is proposed to solve the problem of low efficiency and irregular output oscillations. The simulation is carried out in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and the result shows that by incorporating the PI controller into the system, the efficiency of 99.96% at the maximum power point was attained.
Evaluation of investment strategies for rooftop distributed PV and CCS technologies in China under multiple scenarios
Authors: Yang Changhui , Cui Yangyu , He Lijun , Jiang Qi
Published: November 2022

CCS technology is significant to achieve carbon emission reduction in the current coal-based energy mix in China, just as PV received more policy subsidies from the Chinese government to promote its industry development in the early stage, and all parties in the society, including the government and enterprises, have paid attention to and supported the development of CCS technology to promote the implementation of carbon emission reduction. This paper evaluates the regional investment benefits and investment timing of CCS retrofitting and RTDPV in different scenarios for each province in China based on the real option approach. The results show that the initial cost subsidy and participation in the carbon market are not as effective as the feed-in tariff subsidy, and the investment return of CCS retrofit is better than RTDPV in the scenario with feed-in tariff subsidy, and most provinces can achieve immediate investment. RTDPV without subsidies cannot achieve full parity nationwide yet, and some provinces are not suitable for investment without participating in the carbon market. The net present value approach would underestimate the investment value of CCS and RTDPV and prematurely reject investment in many scenarios, while provinces under the real option approach tend to delay investment to obtain optimal investment returns. This paper provides a reference for investors to make investment decisions in low-carbon technologies and for governments to develop CCS incentives.
Optimal operation of park-level integrated energy system based on multi-agent cooperative game
Authors: Xu Kaiwen , Liu Zeyu , Sun Weichen
Published: November 2022

As the effects of climate change and environmental pollution become more serious, the requirements of low carbon emission are put forward to the operation of integrated energy systems. Under this trend, a cooperative-game-based operation optimization model for integrated energy systems is proposed in this paper. This model can achieve the multi-agent allocation and coordinate the operating costs and carbon emissions. The Anderson-accelerated-based alternating direction multiplication (AA-ADMM) method is used to improve the efficiency of solving the proposed model. Thereafter, the benefit of each agent is allocated by the Shapley value. Results indicate that the proposed model can provide a reasonable trade-off between operating costs and carbon emissions, and the proposed benefit allocation strategy is effective.
CEO educational attainment, green innovation, and enterprise performance: Evidence from China’s heavy-polluting enterprises
Authors: Zhang Chenyu , Li Haoyu , Gou Xiang , Feng Jie , Gao Xing
Published: November 2022

Our study explores how CEOs’ educational attainment affects green innovation at the enterprise level and whether CEO educational attainment and green innovation can improve enterprise performance. To date, few studies have used environmental patents of listed companies to measure green innovation at the micro-level. Furthermore, existing studies have rarely considered the heterogeneity of the enterprise type or social responsibility and institutional intervention. Thus, by using a fixed-effects model, we argue that there is a positive relationship between CEO educational attainment and green innovation. Additionally, CEO education level significantly improves enterprise performance which leads to more sustainable green patent output by influencing green innovation based on data from listed companies in heavily polluting industries in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2010 to 2018. Moreover, the result is still held after controlling for companies’ fixed effects and using the propensity score matching method (PSM) to eliminate endogenous and sample selection bias. Specifically, we demonstrate the following findings: 1) the positive influence of CEOs’ educational attainment on green innovation behavior is more significant in private enterprises and enterprises with higher social responsibility. 2) Strict environmental legislation can make a positive impact in regions with heavy environmental pollution. 3) Enterprises’ performance and sustainable environmental innovation are promoted by the positive mechanism. Our results not only enrich the literature on the relationship between education and innovation in terms of heterogeneity but also have significance in determining how to reduce pollution from the perspective of environmental governance and enterprise management.
Increased levels of solar radiation are associated with reduced type-2 diabetes prevalence: A cross-sectional study of Australian postcodes
Authors: Lee Aaron E. , Chiu Cherry , Thian Aurelne , Suann Brittany , Gorman Shelley
Published: November 2022

Type-2 diabetes is a leading cause of death and disability. Emerging evidence suggests that ultraviolet radiation or sun exposure may limit its development. We used freely available online datasets to evaluate the associations between solar radiation and type-2 diabetes prevalence across Australia. We extracted prevalence data for 1822 postcodes from the Australian Diabetes Map on 25 January 2020. Daily solar radiation data averaged over 30-years (1990–2019) were collated from online databases (Australian Bureau of Meteorology). Population-weighted linear regression models were adjusted for covariates at the postcode level including socioeconomic status (IRSAD), remoteness, mean age, gender, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander status, as well as mean annual ambient temperature (1961–1990) and rainfall (1981–2010). A consistent inverse correlation was observed between type-2 diabetes prevalence and solar radiation, after adjusting for these covariates (ß (coefficient of regression) = −0.045; 95% CI: −0.086, −0.0051; p = 0.027). However, the relative contribution of solar radiation towards type-2 diabetes prevalence was small (2.1%) in this model. Other significant correlations between type-2 diabetes prevalence and covariates included: socioeconomic status (ß = −0.017; 95% CI: −0.017, −0.016; p < 0.001), mean age (ß = 0.041; 95% CI: 0.028, 0.054; p < 0.015), remoteness (ß = −0.05; 95% CI: −0.088, −0.011; p < 0.001) and rainfall (ß = −0.0008; 95% CI: −0.00097, −0.00067; p < 0.001). In conclusion, in Australian postcodes, higher levels of solar radiation and rainfall was associated with reduced type-2 diabetes prevalence. Further studies are needed that consider lifestyle covariates such as physical activity.
Genomic survey of TCP transcription factors in plants: Phylogenomics, evolution and their biology
Authors: Zhou Haiying , Hwarari Delight , Ma Hongyu , Xu Haibin , Yang Liming , Luo Yuming
Published: November 2022

The TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (TBI1), CYCLOIDEA (CYC), and PROLIFERATING CELL NUCLEAR ANTIGEN FACTORS (PCF1 and PCF2) proteins truncated as TCP transcription factors carry conserved basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) structure, related to DNA binding functions. Evolutionary history of the TCP genes has shown their presence in early land plants. In this paper, we performed a comparative discussion on the current knowledge of the TCP Transcription Factors in lower and higher plants: their evolutionary history based on the phylogenetics of 849 TCP proteins from 37 plant species, duplication events, and biochemical roles in some of the plants species. Phylogenetics investigations confirmed the classification of TCP TFs into Class I (the PCF1/2), and Class II (the C- clade) factors; the Class II factors were further divided into the CIN- and CYC/TB1- subclade. A trace in the evolution of the TCP Factors revealed an absence of the CYC/TB1subclade in lower plants, and an independent evolution of the CYC/TB1subclade in both eudicot and monocot species. 54% of the total duplication events analyzed were biased towards the dispersed duplication, and we concluded that dispersed duplication events contributed to the expansion of the TCP gene family. Analysis in the TCP factors functional roles confirmed their involvement in various biochemical processes which mainly included promoting cell proliferation in leaves in Class I TCPs, and cell division during plant development in Class II TCP Factors. Apart from growth and development, the TCP Factors were also shown to regulate hormonal and stress response pathways. Although this paper does not exhaust the present knowledge of the TCP Transcription Factors, it provides a base for further exploration of the gene family.
Proposed new prognostic model using the systemic immune-inflammation index for primary central nervous system lymphoma: A prospective-retrospective multicohort analysis
Authors: Li Shengjie , Xia Zuguang , Cao Jiazhen , Zhang Jinsen , Chen Bobin , Chen Tong , Zhang Xin , Zhu Wei , Li Danhui , Hua Wei , Mao Ying
Published: November 2022

Purpose

The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) has been considered a novel prognostic biomarker in several types of lymphoma. Our aims were to determine the best statistical relationship between pretreatment SII and survival and to combination of SII and the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center model (MSKCC) to derive the best prognostic mode in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).

Methods

Pretreatment SII and clinical data in 174 newly diagnosed PCNSL patients were included from two retrospective discovery cohorts (n = 128) and one prospective validation cohort (n = 46). A generalized additive model, Kaplan-Meier curve, and Cox analysis were performed. The high risk versus low risk of SII-MSKCC for the PCNSL cutoff point (0–1 vs. 2–4) was determined by the minimum P-value approach.

Results

The SII showed a U-shaped relationship with the risk of overall survival (OS; P = 0.006). The patients with low SII or high SII had poorer OS and progression-free survival (PFS) than those with median SII. For PFS and OS, SII-MSKCC was a better predictor than MSKCC alone. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the SII-MSKCC score was 0.84 for OS and 0.78 for PFS in the discovery cohorts. The predictive value of the SII-MSKCC score (OS, 0.88; PFS, 0.95) was verified through the validation cohort. Multivariable Cox analysis and Kaplan-Meier curve showed excellent performance for SII-MSKCC, with significant separation of two groups and better performance than MSKCC alone.

Conclusions

We propose a new prognostic model using SII, age, and Karnofsky score that outperforms MSKCC alone and enables individualized estimates of patient outcome.
Identification and validation of novel biomarkers affecting bladder cancer immunotherapy via machine learning and its association with M2 macrophages
Authors: Wang Junkang , He Xiaojuan , Bai Yifeng , Du Guanghui , Cai Minhong
Published: November 2022

Background

Immunotherapy has shown promising results in bladder cancer therapy options.

Methods

Analysis of open-access data was conducted using the R software. Open-access data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and IMvigor210 databases. Immunofluorescence and co-culture systems were utilized to validate the effect of PTHLH on M2 macrophage polarization.

Results

Here, through the combined (TCGA, GSE128959, GSE13507, and GSE83586) and IMvigor210 cohorts, we comprehensively investigated the biological and immune microenvironment differences in patients with diverse immunotherapy responses. Meanwhile, we found that M2 macrophage could affect bladder cancer immunotherapy sensibility. Moreover, based on the machine learning algorithm (LASSO logistics regression), PTHLH, BHMT2, and NGFR were identified, which all have good prediction abilities for patient immunotherapy. Then, a logistics regression model was established based on PTHLH, BHMT2, and NGFR, and each patient was assigned a logistics score. Subsequently, we investigated the difference in patients with high low logistics scores, including biological enrichment, immune microenvironment, and genomic characteristics. Meanwhile, data from the Human Protein Atlas database indicated a higher protein level of PTHLH in bladder cancer tissue. Immunofluorescence indicated that the knockdown of PTHLH in bladder cancer cells can significantly inhibit the M2 polarization of co-culture M0 macrophages.

Conclusions

Our study investigated the difference between bladder cancer immunotherapy responders and non-responders. Meanwhile, the PTHLH was identified as a novel biomarker for bladder cancer immunotherapy.
Research progress on the hydrogen permeation behavior of the nuclear waste container–A mini review
Authors: Zhang Qichao , Jiang Yishan , Zhang Binbin , Duan Jizhou , Zhao Xin , Chen Juna
Published: November 2022

A large amount of nuclear waste produced in the process of nuclear energy utilization has always been a key problem to be solved urgently for nuclear safety. At present, “deep geological disposal” is a feasible method and is generally accepted by many countries. It is a “multi-barrier system” composed of an artificial barrier, including the solidified waste body, outer packaging material, buffer backfill material, and a natural barrier including the surrounding rock. During deep geological disposal, a near-field environment, where the corrosion of a container could happen, is formed with continuous groundwater infiltration and the release of much heat energy in the process of nuclear waste decay and fission. At the same time, the environment will become a long-term reduction place because of the gradual consumption of the initially retained oxygen. The hydrogen evolution reaction is dominant, so unpredictable hydrogen embrittlement of the container materials could happen due to hydrogen absorption and penetration. This study summarizes the possibility of hydrogen embrittlement of carbon steel, titanium, and their alloys from three aspects, namely, hydrogen solubility, diffusion coefficient, and hydrogen embrittlement, which provides a theoretical basis for predicting the container life in a large time scale.
COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and hospitalization: Meta-analysis
Authors: Flacco Maria Elena , Acuti Martellucci Cecilia , Baccolini Valentina , De Vito Corrado , Renzi Erika , Villari Paolo , Manzoli Lamberto
Published: November 2022

The addictive protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection conferred by vaccination, as compared to natural immunity alone, remains to be quantified. We thus carried out a meta-analysis to summarize the existing evidence on the association between SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and the risk of reinfection and disease. We searched MedLine, Scopus and preprint repositories up to July 31, 2022, to retrieve cohort or case-control studies comparing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection or severe/critical COVID-19 among vaccinated vs. unvaccinated subjects, recovered from a primary episode. Data were combined using a generic inverse-variance approach. Eighteen studies, enrolling 18,132,192 individuals, were included. As compared to the unvaccinated, vaccinated subjects showed a significantly lower likelihood of reinfection (summary Odds Ratio—OR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.42–0.54). Notably, the results did not change up to 12 months of follow-up, by number of vaccine doses, in studies that adjusted for potential confounders, adopting different reinfection definitions, and with different predominant strains. Once reinfected, vaccinated subjects were also significantly less likely to develop a severe disease (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.38–0.54). Although further studies on the long-term persistence of protection, under the challenge of the new circulating variants, are clearly needed, the present meta-analysis provides solid evidence of a stronger protection of hybrid vs. natural immunity, which may persist during Omicron waves and up to 12 months.
Metagenomic nanopore sequencing of ocular microbiome in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction
Authors: Jing Dalan , Jiang Xiaodan , Ren Xiaotong , Su Jie , Huang Chen , Yang Jiarui , Hao Ran , Li Xuemin
Published: November 2022

Purpose

To explore the composition of the ocular microbiome in patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) using metagenomic nanopore sequencing.

Methods

A total of 98 participants were recruited from September to December 2021, including 86 patients with MGD and 12 controls. Symptoms and signs of dry eye were assessed, and bacterial samples in the conjunctival sac (CS) and meibomian gland (MG) secretions were then identified by bacterial culture identification and metagenomic nanopore sequencing.

Results

The positive rate of CS bacterial culture in the MGD group was significantly higher than that in the normal group. A more complex composition of bacterial genera was detected in the mild and moderate MGD groups than in the control. However, the severe MGD groups had the simplest composition of bacteria. Metagenomic nanopore sequencing detected more species of bacteria than traditional culture.

Conclusion

The CS and MG of MGD patients may have different degrees of bacterial microbiota imbalance. Metagenomic nanopore sequencing technology provides a new way for us to understand the composition of “real-world” ocular surface microorganisms.
The role of TIGAR in nervous system diseases
Authors: Huang Bei , Lang Xiaoling , Li Xihong
Published: November 2022

TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator (TIGAR) mainly regulates pentose phosphate pathway by inhibiting glycolysis, so as to synthesize ribose required by DNA, promote DNA damage repair and cell proliferation, maintain cell homeostasis and avoid body injury. Its physiological functions include anti-oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, maintaining mitochondrial function, inhibiting apoptosis, reducing autophagy etc. This paper reviews the research of TIGAR in neurological diseases, including stroke, Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), seizures and brain tumors, aiming to provide reference for the development of new therapeutic targets.
Tau kinetics in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Hier Daniel B. , Azizi Sima , Thimgan Matthew S. , Wunsch Donald C.
Published: November 2022

The cytoskeletal protein tau is implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease which is characterized by intra-neuronal neurofibrillary tangles containing abnormally phosphorylated insoluble tau. Levels of soluble tau are elevated in the brain, the CSF, and the plasma of patients with Alzheimer's disease. To better understand the causes of these elevated levels of tau, we propose a three-compartment kinetic model (brain, CSF, and plasma). The model assumes that the synthesis of tau follows zero-order kinetics (uncorrelated with compartmental tau levels) and that the release, absorption, and clearance of tau is governed by first-order kinetics (linearly related to compartmental tau levels). Tau that is synthesized in the brain compartment can be released into the interstitial fluid, catabolized, or retained in neurofibrillary tangles. Tau released into the interstitial fluid can mix with the CSF and eventually drain to the plasma compartment. However, losses of tau in the drainage pathways may be significant. The kinetic model estimates half-life of tau in each compartment (552 h in the brain, 9.9 h in the CSF, and 10 h in the plasma). The kinetic model predicts that an increase in the neuronal tau synthesis rate or a decrease in tau catabolism rate best accounts for observed increases in tau levels in the brain, CSF, and plasma found in Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, the model predicts that increases in brain half-life of tau in Alzheimer's disease should be attributed to decreased tau catabolism and not to increased tau synthesis. Most clearance of tau in the neuron occurs through catabolism rather than release to the CSF compartment. Additional experimental data would make ascertainment of the model parameters more precise.
Microvascular decompression: Diversified of imaging uses, advantages of treating trigeminal neuralgia and improvement after the application of endoscopic technology
Authors: Yu Gui , Leng Jingxing , Xia Yinghua , Min Feixiang , Xiang Hui
Published: November 2022

Classical trigeminal neuralgia (CTN) is a unilateral and severe facial pain disease, which seriously affects the patient's quality of life. Microvascular decompression (MVD) is currently the most effective surgical method, and it is the only treatment for the etiology of CTN. Imaging for MVD has been increasingly used, and the advantages and disadvantages of endoscopy-assisted vascular decompression surgery have been controversially debated. In this review, we aimed to discuss the advantages of MVD in the treatment of patients with CTN, the importance of using imaging in disease management, and the improvements of vascular decompression surgery through the application and maturity of endoscopic techniques. Compared with other surgical methods, MVD has more prominent short- and long-term treatment effects. Its selection depends on the accurate discovery of neurovascular compression by preoperative imaging. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging plays a diverse role in MVD, not only in identifying the responsible vessels but also in determining the prognosis and as a tool for scientific research. The use of endoscopic techniques provides improved visualization of the MVD and additional benefits for vascular decompression surgery.
Case report: Reversible encephalopathy associated with liposomal amphotericin B in a patient with cryptococcal meningitis
Authors: Luo Si , Wen Han , Zhou Meihong , Wu Chengsi , Hong Daojun
Published: November 2022

Liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) is an anti-fungus medicine that has fewer side effects than traditional amphotericin B (AMB). Neurotoxicity of L-AMB has rarely been observed, and only one case of leukoencephalopathy during intravenous L-AMB has been reported. Herein, we described a patient with cryptococcal meningitis presenting with late-onset reversible encephalopathy associated with liposomal amphotericin B.