bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE: SOCIO-ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE AND SUPPORT MECHANISM FOR INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN THE CONTEXT OF INCREASING THREATS
Authors:   National University of Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine, Urchik Gаlina , Samoliuk Natalia ,   National University of Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the socio-economic importance of social entrepreneurship, particularly as a means of supporting internally displaced persons in the face of growing threats and challenges. The author argues that the social entrepreneurship sector in Ukraine lacks legal regulation and support. Due to the lack of official data on the social entrepreneurship sector in Ukraine, this paper examines the trends and features of social business development in the national economy based on various analytical reports and expert assessments. The author analyses the regional distribution of social enterprises in Ukraine, as well as their distribution by main areas of activity. The study also explores the significance of the social enterprise sector in creating jobs and employment. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to determine the impact of social business on the national economy in terms of GDP, taxes paid, turnover, profit, and labour productivity. The analysis includes updated indicators for 2020-2022 based on our own calculations. The sentences and paragraphs create a logical flow of information with causal connections between statements. The article demonstrates the positive social significance of the social entrepreneurship sector, which is expressed not only in job creation but also in financing social and environmental programmes. The language used is clear, objective, and value-neutral, with a formal register and precise word choice. The paper presents and analyses the results of a survey of experts on the importance of organisational and managerial measures, including the promotion of social entrepreneurship, to meet the needs of IDPs and ensure their integration into communities. It was found that almost one-third of the experts consider it appropriate to stimulate the development of social entrepreneurship as a mechanism to support IDPs. It presents a map of the socio-economic importance of social entrepreneurship in meeting the basic needs of IDPs and identifies the main directions for stimulating social business in Ukraine. The article argues for the promotion of social entrepreneurship in Ukraine as an effective mechanism for supporting internally displaced persons (IDPs)
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AS A COMPONENT OF MODERN BUSINESS MODELS OF COMPANIES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Baiura D. , Mamii K. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The author considers various approaches to the definition of the concept of "corporate social responsibility" and forms the author's vision, namely: corporate social responsibility is considered to be a comprehensive approach to doing business, which is a voluntary conscious choice aimed at harmonizing and satisfying the interests of all stakeholders, and is aimed at ensuring sustainable development of the company and its environment. Stakeholder groups that may be relevant to corporate social responsibility activities are identified. The concept of "business model" has also been improved by taking into account the aspects of sustainable development: a business model is a certain holistic system that combines many elements that, in their interconnection, determine the necessary directions of the company's functioning, which create value, obtain financial results and consolidate market positions, which does not violate and ensures the sustainable development of the company and its environment. The author analyzes in detail all the components of the business model framework in order to find a connection with corporate social responsibility. It is determined that corporate social responsibility is integrated into all areas of business functioning, including corporate strategy ESG is not a part of a specific component of the business model, but is a holistic strategy that determines the directions of development for various aspects of the business model components and provides tools for their improvement and enrichment.
SURVIVAL OF WAR-AFFECTED ENTERPRISES AND HUMAN CAPITAL SUPPORT: ADAPTATION MEASURES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Grishnova Olena , Chubuk Lesia ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Stasiuk Kateryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The purpose of the article is to assess the negative effects of the war on the economic activity of enterprises, generalize the best experience of adaptation measures and methods of survival of enterprises in wartime, ways of preserving human capital. On this basis, the formation of proposals for innovative organizational measures for enterprises of the IT sector and other areas of the economy in order to ensure the functioning of enterprises and personnel support. In the course of the study the basic methods of economic analysis (systematization, generalization, comparative analysis) is used to highlight the distinctive features of the traditional economic crisis and the wartime crisis, revealed foreign experience regarding priority programs and tools for supporting the war economy. Statistical analysis and analysis of the regulatory and legal framework are applied in the study of the influence of the state of war on the activities of domestic enterprises, critical analysis of the methodological and organizational basis of the methodology for assessing losses caused by damage to the property of enterprises. In order to aggregate the experience of adaptation measures and staff support of domestic enterprises, an author's expert survey is conducted, and the data summarization method also used. The article highlights the results of the study of the problems of the functioning of enterprises during the war and the adaptation measures they resort to in order to preserve human capital. A comparative analysis of the traditional crisis and the crisis caused by war are carried out according to various characteristics – causes of occurrence, duration, scale, possibility of localization of negative consequences, availability of infrastructure, workforce and client base – with a special emphasis on their impact on human capital. The typical difficulties faced by enterprises are revealed, and the destructive effects of the war on the functioning of enterprises are assessed. There are summarized critical comments regarding the method of determining damage and the amount of damage based on the assessment of property destroyed during hostilities, and given conceptual proposals for its improvement. Based on the analysis of foreign and domestic experience of supporting economic activity in war conditions, relocation programs, the activities of enterprises and their personnel, there is proposed a systematized list of measures to prevent the negative impact of war on the activities of enterprises and the preservation of human capital.
APPLICATION OF RPA SYSTEMS FOR ROBOTIZATION OF ENTERPRISES' ACCOUNTING PROCESSES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zasadnyi B.А. , Tanasiuk A.V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: June 2024

The article explores Robotic Process Automation (RPA) as a technological solution that enables end-users to program or train software robots to perform various operations such as data processing, system interaction, and office tasks. It identifies typical office operations that can be automated using RPA and emphasizes that accounting processes can be effectively automated using robotic software agents. Key areas of accounting process automation are identified, including period closing, reporting, accounts receivable and payable, cash management, general ledger management, inventory, and others. Implementation cases of RPA from various sectors such as technology, printing, and manufacturing have shown significant positive results, including reduced processing time, cost savings, and improved efficiency and accuracy of processes. It is highlighted that the most frequently chosen processes for RPA are purchasing and selling and internal reporting, characterized by routine nature and lack of need for complex decisions. Automating such processes leads to significant productivity and accuracy improvements in accounting. The automation of processing incoming tax invoices is discussed. The benefits of automating accounting are examined, including reduced error risk, increased efficiency, time and resource savings, accuracy and compliance assurance, enhanced analytics, improved process management, greater visibility of results, geographical and cultural independence, and positive impact on employees. Preconditions, challenges, and risks affecting the expected outcome of RPA automation are analyzed. Key aspects to consider when implementing RPA include process design, compatibility with existing IT infrastructure, data security and confidentiality, support and maintenance, as well as task limitations.
Association of plasma fibrinogen level with the severity of obstructive sleep apnoea patients in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Alam M. Shariful , Tanimul Haque Rijvy M. , Dip Abir H. , Quadry Shafiul A. , Dhar Uma , Mosharraf Hossain A. K. M. , Islam Samprity , Rahim Abdur , Chakrabortty Rajashish , Paul Susanto K.
Published: June 2024

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep-related breathing disorder of multi-risk factorial pathogenesis and is characterized by recurrent, partial or complete upper airway obstruction resulting in intermittent hypoxia during sleep. It has been implicated in both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Objective of the study was to determine the association of Plasma Fibrinogen levels with the severity of OSA patients in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study with group comparison was conducted among all the patients attending in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, BSMMU with suspicion of OSA within one year after the clearance of institutional review board (IRB) using STOP-BANG questionnaire and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and confirmed by polysomnography. Plasma fibrinogen was measured in all OSA and non-OSA patients. Data were analyzed with the help of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 26.
Results: Sociodemographic analysis found no significant differences in age, gender, area, occupation, or smoking between OSA and non-OSA groups (p>0.05). However, witnessed apnoea (p=0.002), breathlessness (p=0.005), higher ESS (p<0.001), and STOP-Bang scores (p<0.001) were associated with OSA. Plasma fibrinogen levels were significantly higher in OSA (319.2±63.7 mg/dl versus 242.5±20.33 mg/dl, p<0.001), positively correlating with AHI (r=+0.876, p=0.001). Positive correlations were also found between fibrinogen levels and daytime sleepiness (r= +0.393, p=0.002), waist circumference (r =+0.346, p=0.007), and BMI (r =+0.297, p=0.021) in OSA patients.
Conclusions: In conclusion, this study establishes a notable connection between plasma fibrinogen levels and the severity of OSA. Elevated fibrinogen levels correlate with increased OSA severity, indicating a link between OSA, inflammation and coagulation.
Efficacy of per operative use of powdered vancomycin in reduction of early post-operative superficial surgical site infection in single level prolapsed lumber intervertebral disc surgery
Authors: Ahmmed Tayeb , Chowdhury Dhiman , Fatima Kanij , Razib K. Olinur , Islam Kazi Saiful , Rahim M. Abdur , Islam Muhammad Saiful , Zaman Mariam , Joarder Ariful Islam , Raihan Farid , Bari Mohammad Shahnawaz
Published: June 2024

Background: Decompression (fenestration and discectomy) of lumber disc herniation is one of the most common surgical procedures done by neurosurgeons. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of per operative use of powdered vancomycin in reduction of early post-operative superficial surgical site infection in single level prolapsed lumber intervertebral disc surgery.
Methods: This was a Quasi-experimental type of study carried out in the Department of Neurosurgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from October 2022 to September 2023.
Results: In this study, the mean age was 42.2±10.5 years, ranging from 20 to 60 years. The highest incidence of prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc (PLID) was in the vancomycin group among patients aged 41-60, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.7:1. Most PLID cases (59.4%) occurred at the L4/5 level. Out of 32 patients, only four (no vancomycin group) had an ESR above 75 mm/hr. On the 30th postoperative day, significantly increased CRP levels and signs of infection were observed. Among those with purulent discharge, 50% had Staphylococcus aureus, 25% had Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 25% showed no pathogen growth.
Conclusions: In this study, we found that there is a significant effect of topical application of powdered vancomycin in addition to systemic antibiotic prophylaxis over the subcutaneous tissue following fenestration and discectomy in single level prolapsed lumber intervertebral disc and reduction in the incidence of superficial surgical site infection.
Menstrual cup awareness and preference among college going women in Tenkasi district, Tamil Nadu: a cross sectional survey
Authors: Fathima Kani M. , Varghese Achamma
Published: June 2024

Background: Menstrual hygiene is an important aspect of women’s health. Every month, half of India's population experiences menstruation. However, still India has strong sociocultural taboos concerning menstruation. Menstruation cups (MC) have become more and more well-liked as an affordable and environmentally responsible replacement for conventional menstruation products in recent years. In India, they are still not widely recognized because of cultural constraints. The primary objective of this study was to identify the MC Awareness and preference among college-going women.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among college-going women in Tenkasi district, Tamil Nadu, India between June 2023 and August 2023 with a predesigned structured questionnaire. The sample size of the study was 120 college-going women included in this study. SPSS software was used for the data analysis.
Results: The participant's mean age was 19.08±3.14 years. More than half of the participants had low awareness of MC (56.6%). None of the participants were using MC as the choice for menstrual management currently. The main reasons for not preferring the MC as the future choice were leakage (65%), difficulty to use (58.3%), infection (56.6%), it might produce complications (56.6%), and pain and discomfort (50%).
Conclusions: The awareness and future preferences for the MC were low. Young educated women have less awareness and less preference for MC shows the necessity of the creation of awareness programs at the community level. The healthcare sector needs to take the necessary steps to increase the utilization of MC to follow proper menstrual hygiene.
Impact of age on perioperative outcome in patients scheduled for lower limb trauma surgery under central neuraxial blockade
Authors: Talwar Nitika , Malik Neha , Batra Yatinder K.
Published: June 2024

Background: The aim of the study was to compare perioperative outcomes between young and elderly trauma patients scheduled for lower limb corrective surgeries in our hospital under central neuraxial blockade.
Methods: The study was conducted in Max Superspeciality Hospital, Mohali for a period of 1 year, November 2017 to November 2018 after approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee and review board and written informed consent from the patients. Sixty patients having American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I-III physical status scheduled to undergo lower limb trauma surgery were divided into 2 groups as ‘young’ (≤65 years, group Y) or ‘elderly’ (≥65 years, group E).
Results: The mean age of patients in group Y was 39.67±12.73 years while the mean age of patients in group E was 74.37±6.13 years. The post-operative pain score i.e. visual analogue scores (VAS) were lower inpatients in group Y as compared to group E. This difference in pain scores was found to be statistically significant especially from 8th hour onwards. Injury severity score (ISS) and pre-existing comorbidities [hypertension, renal failure and coronary artery disease (CAD)] were significant risk factors for mortality in group E patients.
Conclusions: The elderly are more likely to develop adverse perioperative outcomes and are relatively less able to recover from the same.
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on diet and lifestyle of undergraduate medical students of South India-a cross sectional study
Authors: Shanbhag Deepthi N. , Shaj Dana Mariyam , S. J. Manju Mariya , Sushil Ann Mary
Published: June 2024

Background: COVID-19, infectious disease caused by the Corona virus, caused economic and social disruptions all over the World. In order to contain this pandemic, complete/partial lock down was declared in different parts and thus restricting all human activities. Lifestyle behaviours, especially eating habits, physical activity and sleep patterns changed causing complications such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disorders. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress increased among the public.
Methods: The study is conducted among medical students to find out the extent of after effects of COVID pandemic on the diet and life style of medical students. Online questionnaire was used to access the lifestyle and exercise patterns of medical students across South India.
Results: The study reveals that the pandemic has led to notable shifts in the daily routines, eating habits, and overall well-being of this demographic. Factors such as increased stress, remote learning, and limited social interactions have played a crucial role in these changes. Significant change in hours of sleep, and change in sitting and screen time has been observed. Slight increase in the daily intake of fruits and vegetables, intake of  balanced  diet and immunity-boosting food, consumption of junk food/fast food and fried food has been observed. The consumption of unhealthy food when bored or stressed is also slightly increased. There is also slight change in quality of sleep and participation in exercise.
Conclusions: The publication provides insights into the challenges faced by medical students and highlights the importance of addressing these issues to support their health and well-being during these unprecedented times.
Epidemiology, surgical intervention and management of nasal trauma in the acute phase- clinical study in a tertiary centre
Authors: Sharma Kalpana , Kalita Devasree , Barman Dipjyoti
Published: June 2024

Background: The anatomy and location of nose makes it prone to blunt trauma. Delayed treatment leads to secondary nasal deformities and chronic nasal obstruction with difficult day-to-day activities.
Methods: Institution-based prospective study done on 140 patients with recent trauma of nose coming to department of ENT, Gauhati medical college and hospital from August 2022-July 2023 to study different types of nasal trauma, clinical presentation, initial conservative and surgical management. Ethical approval taken from institutional ethics committee.
Results: Male: female ratio 1.8:1 with 34.2% in 21-30 age-group followed-by 11-20. Most-common mechanism being road-traffic-accidents (35.7%) followed-by self-fall (25.7%), presentation being nasal bleed (97.1%) controlled with anterior nasal packing (70%), followed by swelling of nose (95.7%). Lacerations (60%) of nasal alae or dorsum repaired, septal-hematoma (5%) incised drained and splinted. CSF-rhinorrhoea (11.5%) managed conservatively. The 74.2% with nasal-bone fracture, 4.8% presenting <6 hours emergency reduction done, 11.5% closed reduction, 6.7% septo-rhinoplasty with tragal, costal cartilage grafts under general-anaesthesia.
Conclusions: Injury to nose is common in male adolescents and adults due to RTAs. Prompt intervention necessary to prevent complications. Epidemiological facts advocate public health measures including strict traffic-rules, improving sports practices, interpersonal relationships, prevention of alcohol-intake while driving.
Revolutionizing dermatology: The role of artificial intelligence in clinical practice
Authors: Salam Arisha , N Abhinesh
Published: June 2024

AI (Artificial Intelligence) has transcended the field of science fiction and become a crucial component of various industries, including healthcare. In dermatology, the incorporation of AI is reshaping clinical practices, diagnostics, and treatment strategies. This article delves into the transformative impact of AI in clinical dermatology, exploring its applications, benefits, and the evolving landscape of AI-driven advancements.
Skin stories unveiled: A histopathological journey through tertiary care dermatology
Authors: Ratnika  , Chaudhary Savita , Fatima Alisha , Riya  , Lal Nirupama
Published: June 2024

A variety of clinical phenotypes are observed in dermatological illnesses, which can occasionally make diagnosis challenging. Our study aimed to conduct a retrospective analysis of dermatopathological correlation and highlight its significance in establishing an accurate diagnosis.

Retrospective analysis was done on histopathological data gathered from a tertiary health care centre over a period of 18 months. To facilitate analysis, the results were categorised into various groups.

Of the 336 cases that were examined in total, microbial infections accounted for the majority (33.93%, n = 114/336). Non-infectious erythematous papular and squamous disease (18.75% n = 63/336) and non-infectious vesiculobullous and vesicopustular disease (11.31% n = 38/336) were the other two prevalent groups. The least common categories were inflammatory disease of subcutis (0.3% n = 1/336) and disorder associated with physical agent (0.3% n = 1/336). The histological results were generally in agreement with the clinical observations (75.60 percent, n = 253/336). Partial concordance and discordance was seen in 10.12% (34/336) and 6.25% (21/336) cases respectively. Early histopathological diagnosis and clinicopathological correlation helped in timely management of partially concordant and discordant cases.

This study highlights the value of skin biopsies as an easy, reasonably priced, and useful tool in a dermatologist's toolbox. Histopathological analysis distinguishes between illnesses with similar morphologies, hence preventing misdiagnosis. Histopathology was useful in diagnosing a number of neoplastic disorders and in determining the progression or resolution of diseases like leprosy. Discordant cases were timely managed with the help of histopathological and clinical correlation.
A case series of sweet syndrome like erythema nodosum leprosum at tertiary care centrein Western India
Authors: Gadhe Anandi , Modha Jay Dhirajlal , Patel Bharti K , Bhuptani Neela V
Published: June 2024

Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium Leprae, mainly affecting skin and nerves. Chronic course of leprosy may be interrupted by acute inflammatory conditions called lepra reactions. Type 2 reaction (Erythema Nododsum Leprosum/ENL) classically presents as crops of multiple tender, evanescent nodules. Several pleomorphic variants of ENL has been described in the literature such as erythema necroticans, sweet syndrome–like, erythema multiforme like, livedoreticularis like and bullous ENL. Identification of unusual cutaneous features of ENL are of paramount importance ,which poses a diagnostic challenge. The study aimed at identifying the sweet syndrome like ENL, their clinical and histopathological feautures. This is a retrospective study done at a tertiary care centre of western India. There were eight cases of sweet syndrome like ENL. Out of 8 patients, 6 had lepromatous leprosy, 1 each of borderline lepromatous leprosy and histoid leprosy. All patients had a sudden onset of painful erythematous oedematous plaques and nodules with pseudovesiculation. The study emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment of atypical ENL reactions. WHO Global Leprosy strategy 2030 also emphasizes on early detection to prevent deformities and disabilities, and thereby improving the quality of life of the patients living with the leprosy.
Metabolic hormonal alterations in functional hypothalamic amenorrhea and anovulation associated with Polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Jamwal Shalini , Soni Abhishek
Published: June 2024

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifaceted endocrine disorder affecting many women during their reproductive years. It is characterized by oligo/amenorrhea, anovulatory cycles, polycystic ovaries, and insulin resistance. This review explores the hormonal and metabolic alterations associated with PCOS, comparing them to functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA). Key aspects include the abnormally high LH pulse frequency in PCOS, indicating hyperactive gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and the role of hyperandrogenemia in exacerbating the condition by increasing LH pulse secretion from the pituitary gland. Additionally, the review examines the neuroendocrine basis for PCOS. Methods: The methodology involved analyzing neuroendocrine pathways and physical manifestations through PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases. Findings indicate that PCOS is primarily characterized by androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, and disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis. Hormonal dysregulation includes disturbances in GnRH, insulin, LH/FSH ratio, and androgens. GnRH stimulates LH and FSH release from the pituitary, regulating ovarian function, while Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) inhibits follicular development in PCOS. Conclusion: The review concludes by highlighting the hormonal alterations, including decreased frequency and amplitude of LH pulses, disruptions in GnRH, LH, and FSH. Genetic predispositions and disturbances in the LH/FSH ratio can lead to impaired follicle growth and polycystic ovaries. This comprehensive exploration underscores the importance of understanding the hormonal and neuroendocrine mechanisms underlying PCOS, contributing to better diagnosis and treatment strategies
Catalyzing healthier air: the impact of escalating fossil fuel prices on air quality and public health and the need for transition to clean fuels
Authors: Khatibi Seyed Reza , Moradi-Lakeh Maziar , Karimi Seyed M. , Kermani Majid , Motevalian Seyed Abbas
Published: June 2024

In this study, we reviewed previous information regarding the effect of fossil fuel pricing intervention on the consumption of fossil fuels, air quality, and population health. In a rapid review, we searched and reviewed reports about the effect of fossil fuel pricing interventions on each or some of the following outcomes: fossil fuel consumption, concentrations of air pollutants, and mortalities or morbidities attributable to exposure to air pollutants. As part of our investigation, we also present the findings of an unpublished, original study that specifically estimated the effects of an elevated gasoline price in Iran's ten most populous cities. Pricing interventions were effective in reducing the consumption of fossil fuels, both in developing and developed countries. Price elasticity for transport gasoline was reported to be -0.227 and -0.715 for short- and long-term, respectively. Reductions in concentrations of air pollutants, especially NOx and particulate matter, were reported in several studies. This review study demonstrates the effects of escalating fossil fuel prices on reducing consumption, air pollution, and mortalities and morbidities attributable to air pollution. Considering the external costs of fossil fuels through environmental, climate, traffic congestions and accidents, and population health, the real costs of fossil fuels are much higher than their retail price. Pro-rich policies of subsidizing fossil fuels should be replaced by alternative policies that support clean public transport, which is suitable for population health, environment, and equity.
The Relationship between the Permanent Trigeminal Artery and Cerebrovascular Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jingyan , Wang Yan , Gai Yongliang , Cui Hanmei , Liu Bo , Li Jie , Wang Yuguang , Lv Juncheng , Chen Shaosen
Published: June 2024

Background: We aimed to analyze the variability of the permanent trigeminal artery (PTA) and its relationship with cerebrovascular disease.
Methods: To analyze the variability of the PTA and its relationship with cerebrovascular disease by using the terms "primitive trigeminal artery", "persistent primitive trigeminal artery", " persistent trigeminal artery variant", "PPTA", "PTAV", "carotid- basilar anastomoses", "carotid-vertebrobasilar anastomoses", "persisting embryonic vessels" were used as keywords, and the English-language literature related to PTA and cerebrovascular diseases published in PubMed, EMBAS, and Web of Science databases from 2000 to 2022 were searched by using "subject terms + free words". A meta-analysis of the collected data was performed using stata14.0 statistical software to assess the relationship between the immortal trigeminal artery and cerebrovascular-related diseases.
Results: A total of 1908 relevant articles were initially retrieved for this study. Ten papers were initially screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, while the literature was then read one by one to exclude duplicates, reviews, case reports, and conference abstracts, and six papers were finally included for meta-analysis. The six papers included in this paper were all cross-sectional studies with 39,355 subjects, of which 206 subjects had PTA, with a variation rate of approximately 0.52%, including 77 males and 129 females, 117 left-sided variants and 87 right-sided variants. In contrast, of the 206 subjects with a PTA, 52 had cerebrovascular disease, with an overall prevalence of approximately 25.24%.
Conclusion: The PTA could influence the development of cerebrovascular disease.
Intervention Programs Targeting Burnout in Health Professionals: A Systematic Review
Authors: Araújo Diana , Bártolo Ana , Fernandes Claúdia , Pereira Anabela , Monteiro Sara
Published: June 2024

Background: Burnout is an occupational syndrome, with a higher prevalence in professionals whose close involvement with other people is significant. There is a great diversity of professionals at risk of burnout, and therefore the implementation of intervention programs is relevant, as helping people to maintain their mental and emotional health enables them to become more meaningfully involved in their communities and become more effective and active global citizens. We aimed to review systematically the characteristics of interventions targeting burnout in health professionals.
Methods: The search was conducted in three databases: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, following the PRISMA model, and 16 eligible articles were identified between 2012 and 2023.
Results: Mindfulness showed great efficacy in preventing burnout, by reducing stress levels and promoting empathy. In addition, relaxation and breathing techniques, yoga, and music therapy showed to improve burnout and occupational stress levels. Balint groups have also helped slow the progression of burnout. Implications about the need for future research to foster the promotion of well-being and mental health of health professionals are mentioned.
Conclusion: Mindfulness, relaxation and breathing techniques, yoga, music therapy and balint groups proved to be effective in preventing burnout.
Knowledge, Awareness and Perception towards Osteoporosis Risk in China: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wang Li , Li Yongjin , Gu Jiali , Xiao Li , Wang Jiayang
Published: June 2024

Background: We aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge, awareness, and perceptions regarding osteoporosis (OP) and risk factors in China.
Methods: The databases of PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of science, VIP, and CNKI were searched for papers published before December 2022 using Chinese and English keywords and their combinations: “knowledge”, “osteoporosis”, “risk factor”, “bone health”, “perception”, “awareness”. The levels of knowledge, awareness, and perception about OP, as well as risk factors, clinical symptoms, and health information sources were narratively synthesized.
Results: Sixteen papers were finally included for analysis. Participants all showed poor levels of knowledge and perception regarding osteoporosis and risk factors. Investigation of clinical symptoms was rarely involved in the included studies due to the asymptomatic features of OP. The findings also suggest a strong association between poor level of knowledge regarding OP and educational attainment, type of participant, and gender. The majority of participants are increasingly turning to the Internet and social media to access information about OP.
Conclusion: The findings of this paper provide useful information for intervention providers to prevent and control OP and encourage them to carry out health promotion campaigns to enhance knowledge and awareness of OP.
Exposure to Mercury in the Air and its Effect on Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD): A Systematic Review
Authors: Neisi Abdolkazem , Nasab Fatemeh Koshki , Sepahvand Arefeh , Falahi Bita , Taherian Masoume , Farhadi Ali , Asban Parisa , Pour Nastaran Tale , Farhadi Majid , Dargahi Abdollah
Published: June 2024

Background: We aimed to verify the exposure to mercury in the air and its effect on cardiovascular disorders.
Methods: The review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and national databases (such as SID) from 1995-2022.
Results: Mercury exposure can cause many disorders in humans, including neurodevelopmental disorders in fetuses and children, adverse cardiovascular outcomes, hypertension, and diabetes. Mercury is a human neurotoxin, and in recent years its potentially harmful effects on cardiovascular disease (CVD) have raised concerns, mainly due to mercury's role in reducing oxidative stress.
Conclusion: Possible mechanisms of mercury toxicity in CVD include mercury-selenium interaction, increased lipid peroxidation, and oxidative stress. In this article, we review studies that have investigated the relationship between mercury and CVD.
Abstruse Side of Climate Change, Impact on Malaria: A Systematic Evidence Review Comparing Iran versus Globally
Authors: Bajerge Nader Majidi , Khankeh Hamidreza , Dashtbozorgi Amene , Farrokhi Mehrdad
Published: June 2024

Background: Infectious outbreaks due to disrupted social and environmental conditions after climate change-induced events complicate disasters. This research aimed to determine the contentions of bioclimatic variables and extreme events on the prevalence of the most common Climate-Sensitive Infectious Disease (CSID); Malaria in Iran.
Methods: The present narrative systematic review study was conducted on the bioclimatic variable impact on the prevalence of malaria, as a common CSID. The search was conducted in 3 sections: global climate change-related studies, disaster related, and studies that were conducted in Iran. The literature search was focused on papers published in English and Persian from Mar 2000 to Dec 2021, using electronic databases; Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, and IranDoc.
Results: Overall, 41 studies met the inclusion criteria. The various types of climatic variables including; Temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and hydrological events including; flood, drought, and cyclones has been reported as a predictor of malaria. The results of studies, inappropriately and often were inconsistent in both Iran and other parts of the world.
Conclusion: Identifying malaria outbreak risks is essential to assess vulnerability, and a starting point to identify where the health system is required to reduce the vulnerability and exposure of the population. The finding of most related studies is not congruent to achieve reliable information, more extensive studies in all climates and regions of the country, by climatic models and high accuracy risk map, using the long period of bioclimatic variables and malaria trend is recommended.
Evaluating A Multicomponent Chronic Disease Management Pilot Intervention among Korean Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes
Authors: Bae Min Sook , Song Hyunjong
Published: June 2024

Background: A local clinic-based chronic disease management intervention including care planning, education about disease management, monitoring, and evaluation of the achievement of objects was introduced in Korea in 2019. We evaluated the effect of the intervention on medication adherence in patients with hypertension and diabetes.
Methods: In 2019, a one-year retrospective case-control group study design was performed using data from the National Health Insurance Service in Korea. Propensity score matching was used to control for selection bias. Medication adherence, calculated by medication possession rate, was the dependent variable. We conducted multivariate logistic regression analyses to examine the association between participation in the intervention and medication adherence, adjusting for covariates. A control group was set as a reference for participation in the full/partial component intervention.
Results: The proportions of participants in the full component intervention in the experimental group were 43.2% and 42.6% for patients with hypertension or diabetes, respectively. Both these groups tended to be more medication adherent than their counterparts (hypertension OR: 1.23, 95% CI 1.03-1.45, diabetes OR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.24-2.17).
Conclusion: Institutionalizing a comprehensive chronic disease management program using multidisciplinary teams in the primary care context is crucial. Also, it is necessary to refine reimbursement payment systems.
Effects of Intervention Strategies-Based on Positive Psychology on the Emotional Cognition, Mental Health, and Recovery of Speech Function in Speech Disabilities
Authors: Luo Zhixiang , Wang Ningfang
Published: June 2024

Background: Compared with able-bodied people, speech disabilities are more prone to various mental health problems. We aimed to explore the impact of positive psychology-based intervention strategies on emotional cognition, mental health, and recovery of speech function in speech disabilities.
Methods: In May 2023, 306 cases of speech disabilities were selected from 112 village committees and 129 neighborhood committees in Jingmen City, China. The control group was given routine speech rehabilitation training, and the observation group was given an intervention strategies-based on positive psychology based on the above training. The Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Chinese Facial Emotion Test (CFET), Comprehensive Function Assessment for Disabled Children (CFADC), and Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (BDAE) were used to evaluate the two groups of patients before and after intervention.
Results: After the intervention, the mental state scores (psychotic, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, somatization, paranoia, terror, hostility, anxiety, and depression) of the observation group were lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). The correct emotional scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group were. However, the remote error scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group were. The difference was also statistically significant (P<0.05). The cognitive function score, speech function score, and BDAE score (retelling, writing, fluency, and reading comprehension) of the observation group were all higher than those of the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The intervention strategies-based on positive psychology could promote the improvement of health problems and speech function in speech disabilities.
Using of Hot Red Bean Bag on the Symptoms of Depression, Sleep, and Fatigue in Stroke Patients
Authors: Choi Ye Seul , Gu Minkyung , Sok Sohyune
Published: June 2024

Background: Symptoms of depression, sleep, and fatigue in stroke patients are associated with each other, and intervention development for improving of these symptoms is needed. This study aimed to examine the effects of hot red bean bag on depression, sleep state, sleep satisfaction, and fatigue among Korean stroke patients.
Methods: A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was employed. The study participants included 57 stroke patients (Intervention: n=28, Control: n=29) in a hospital in Seoul, South Korea from Aug 2017 to Mar 2018. Hot red bean bag, as an intervention, was heated in a 2,450 MHz microwave oven for 3 min, and applied for 30 min at 41±6 ℃ in the lower limbs of the intervention group for 5 days.
Results: There were statistically significant differences on depression (P<0.001), sleep state (P<0.001), sleep satisfaction (P<0.001), and total fatigue (P<0.001) between the two groups.
Conclusion: Hot red bean bag was an effective intervention for decreasing depression and total/subcategories fatigue, and for improving sleep state and sleep satisfaction of Korean stroke patients. Research on complementary and alternative therapies for stroke patients needs be studied continuously.
People-Oriented Nursing Mode on the Negative Emotions and Psychological Status of Patients with Bladder Cancer
Authors: Peng Feifei , Meng Yin , Sun Lanchun , Dong Bo , Xu Guangchi , Liu Songtao , Zhang Xinxin , Liu Tao
Published: June 2024

Background: We aimed to investigate the clinical application effect of people-oriented nursing model on the negative emotions and psychological conditions of patients with bladder cancer.
Methods: Eighty patients with bladder cancer were enrolled from January 2020 to January 2022 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University Heilongjiang, Province, China. The patients were randomly divided into the control group, each group consisted of 40 patients (conventional nursing mode) and the experimental group (people-oriented nursing mode) according to the admission time. The differences of the anxiety, depression and quality of life scores at the time of admission and discharge were compared between the two groups.
Conclusion: The people-oriented nursing model could relieve the negative emotions, relieve pain and improve the life quality of patients with bladder cancer.
Effects of Emotional Labor and Job Stress Perceived by Insurance and Asset Managers on Their Job Satisfaction
Authors: Kim Juhan , Jang Seyong , Ji Joon-Chul
Published: June 2024

Background: Occupational stress is often high among the employees of insurance companies. We aimed to examine the effects of emotional labor and job stress on job satisfaction among insurance and asset managers and the moderating effect of regular exercise participation in these relationships.
Methods: This study was conducted in October 2022. A total of 261 insurance and asset managers working at Samsung Life Insurance Company, Seoul, Republic of Korea, were selected using non-probability purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed using frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, structural equation model analysis, measurement equivalence tests, multi-group structural equation model analysis, and parametric comparison analysis.
Results: Both emotional labor and job stress had a negative effect on the job satisfaction of insurance and asset managers (P< 0.05). Regular exercise participation moderated the relationship between emotional labor and job satisfaction (P< 0.05) but not the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction.
Conclusion: The results of this study might help encourage devising of strategies that increase exercise participation among insurance and asset managers in order to reduce their emotional labor and job stress while simultaneously increasing their job satisfaction.
Oral Infections in Ancient Human Skulls in 2000 BC/ Iron Age, Iran
Authors: Farhud Dariush D. , Azari Mahsa , Rahbar Mehdi
Published: June 2024

Background: Oral infections have been seen in humans since ancient times. Excessive penetration of this infection can cause human death. Most of these infections are gum cysts and abscesses. The cyst creates large hard lumps in the gums, which is causes loose, and protruding teeth and abscesses, causing cavities in the jawbone and teeth. In this article, we have discussed for this infectious disease in 4000 – year - old ancient humans from Qazvin Province, Iran. The bone remains of our research are related to Sagezabad ancient cemetery in Qazvin plain.
Methods: We tried to use reliable international atlases to get detailed information about ancient oral infections. The bones were extracted from the 2019 excavation of the Ghara Tappe area of Sagezabad for the Iron Age 2nd and 3rd Qazvin plains of Iran. This cemetery belongs to the period of the Medes Kingdom (pre - Achaemenian kingdom) in Iran.
Results: We have discussed one of the ancient cemeteries with a large number of ancient populations. In this cemetery, there are signs of war and infectious diseases on the bones, which can be clearly seen. We have specially mentioned the abscess as the cause of oral infection from Sagezabad cemetery.
Conclusion: Oral infection existed in Iran since 2000 BC. Of course, this infection was common in ancient times and even Paleolithic period, like Homo Heidelbergensis.
Trend Analysis of Suicide Mortality and Years of Life Lost from 2016 to 2021 in Southern Iran
Authors: ShakibkhahShakibkhah Iman , Azarbakhsh Habibollah , Peyravi Mahmoudreza , Marzaleh Milad Ahmadi , Boldaji Mitra Rafiei
Published: June 2024

Background: Suicide as the commonest psychiatric emergency imposes a heavy burden on communities. We aimed to evaluate the years of life lost (YLLs) due to premature death from suicide in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran.
Methods: Data regarding suicidal deaths were extracted from the Forensic Medicine Organization. The YLL of each year were calculated among gender and age groups. The YLL calculation was performed using the 2015 WHO excel calendars template. The Join Point Regression method was used to examine the trend of the crude mortality rate, the standardized mortality rate, and the YLL rate.
Results: Overall, 572 people died by suicide between 2016 and 2021 (63.5% in males and 36. 5% in females). The main method of death in most cases was hanging (52.8%). The total YLL due to premature death in the 6 year– period was 9248 (4.2 per 1000 persons) in males, 5602 (2.6 per 1000 persons) in females. Hanging (7909) compromised the largest YLL category between different methods of suicide. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, the 6-year trend of YLL rate due to premature mortality was increasing in males: the annual percent change (APC) was 4.8% (95% CI 1.0 to 8.7, P=0.024) and stable trend for females.
Conclusion: The YLL was higher in men than in women. Effective training interventions should be designed and implemented to reduce the incidence of suicide.