bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lateralization and Bodily Patterns of Segmental Signs and Spontaneous Pain in Acute Visceral Disease: Observational Study
Authors: Shaballout Nour , Aloumar Anas , Manuel Jorge , May Marcus , Beissner Florian
Published: June 2021

Background

The differential diagnosis of acute visceral diseases is a challenging clinical problem. Older literature suggests that patients with acute visceral problems show segmental signs such as hyperalgesia, skin resistance, or muscular defense as manifestations of referred visceral pain in somatic or visceral tissues with overlapping segmental innervation. According to these sources, the lateralization and segmental distribution of such signs may be used for differential diagnosis. Segmental signs and symptoms may be accompanied by spontaneous (visceral) pain, which, however, shows a nonsegmental distribution.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the lateralization (ie, localization on one side of the body, in preference to the other) and segmental distribution (ie, surface ratio of the affected segments) of spontaneous pain and (referred) segmental signs in acute visceral diseases using digital pain drawing technology.

Methods

We recruited 208 emergency room patients that were presenting for acute medical problems considered by triage as related to internal organ disease. All patients underwent a structured 10-minute bodily examination to test for various segmental signs and spontaneous visceral pain. They were further asked their segmental symptoms such as nausea, meteorism, and urinary retention. We collected spontaneous pain and segmental signs as digital drawings and segmental symptoms as binary values on a tablet PC. After the final diagnosis, patients were divided into groups according to the organ affected. Using statistical image analysis, we calculated mean distributions of pain and segmental signs for the heart, lungs, stomach, liver/gallbladder, and kidneys/ureters, analyzing the segmental distribution of these signs and the lateralization.

Results

Of the 208 recruited patients, 110 (52.9%) were later diagnosed with a single-organ problem. These recruited patients had a mean age of 57.3 (SD 17.2) years, and 40.9% (85/208) were female. Of these 110 patients, 85 (77.3%) reported spontaneous visceral pain. Of the 110, 81 (73.6%) had at least 1 segmental sign, and the most frequent signs were hyperalgesia (46/81, 57%), and muscle resistance (39/81, 48%). While pain was distributed along the body midline, segmental signs for the heart, stomach, and liver/gallbladder appeared mostly ipsilateral to the affected organ. An unexpectedly high number of patients (37/110, 33.6%) further showed ipsilateral mydriasis.

Conclusions

This study underlines the usefulness of including digitally recorded segmental signs in bodily examinations of patients with acute medical problems.
Exploring Associations of Housing, Relocation, and Active and Healthy Aging in Sweden: Protocol for a Prospective Longitudinal Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Zingmark Magnus , Björk Jonas , Granbom Marianne , Gefenaite Giedre , Nordeström Frida , Schmidt Steven M , Rantanen Taina , Slaug Björn , Iwarsson Susanne
Published: June 2021

Background

While housing and neighborhood features have the potential to impact opportunities for active aging, there is a lack of knowledge related to how older people reason regarding their housing situation and how housing and fulfillment of relocation are associated with active and healthy aging.

Objective

The objectives of Prospective RELOC-AGE are to study housing choices and relocation and explore effects on active and healthy aging among men and women aged 55 years and older in Sweden considering relocation.

Methods

The estimated sample (2800) will include people aged 55 years and older being listed for relocation at either of two housing companies: a local public housing company in Southern Sweden and a national condominium provider. Prospective RELOC-AGE has a 2-level longitudinal mixed methods design and includes quantitative surveys (implemented by a professional survey company) and a telephone interview for baseline data collection in 2021, with follow-ups with the same procedures in 2022 and 2023. The survey and interviews include questions related to present housing and neighborhood, relocation plans and expectations, a range of perspectives on active and healthy aging, and demographics. Linking to national registers will provide additional data on home help and health care use, objective housing, and neighborhood characteristics. To explore what housing attributes older adults considering relocation find important and to what extent when making their decisions on housing, we will develop a discrete choice experiment to be implemented with a subsample of participants. Further, a grounded theory approach will be applied to collect in-depth interview data from participants who have moved to another dwelling, within 6 months of the move. A follow-up interview 12 months later will focus on participants’ deepened experience over time in terms of fulfilled expectations and relocation experiences.

Results

As of submission of this protocol (June 2021), recruitment has commenced with approximately 960 respondents to the survey and ongoing telephone interviews. We anticipate recruitment and data collection based on surveys and interviews to continue during 2021.

Conclusions

Prospective RELOC-AGE has the capacity to generate new policy-relevant knowledge on associations of housing, relocation, and active and healthy aging. Such knowledge is relevant for the development of proactive approaches to housing in old age on the individual, group, and societal levels.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04765696; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04765696

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/31137
Real-time Prediction of the Daily Incidence of COVID-19 in 215 Countries and Territories Using Machine Learning: Model Development and Validation (Preprint)
Authors: Peng Yuanyuan , Chen Xinjian , Rong Yibiao , Pang Chi Pui , Chen Xinjian , Chen Haoyu
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND

Advanced prediction of the daily incidence of COVID-19 can aid policy making on the prevention of disease spread, which can profoundly affect people's livelihood. In previous studies, predictions were investigated for single or several countries and territories.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to develop models that can be applied for real-time prediction of COVID-19 activity in all individual countries and territories worldwide.

METHODS

Data of the previous daily incidence and infoveillance data (search volume data via Google Trends) from 215 individual countries and territories were collected. A random forest regression algorithm was used to train models to predict the daily new confirmed cases 7 days ahead. Several methods were used to optimize the models, including clustering the countries and territories, selecting features according to the importance scores, performing multiple-step forecasting, and upgrading the models at regular intervals. The performance of the models was assessed using the mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), Pearson correlation coefficient, and Spearman correlation coefficient.

RESULTS

Our models can accurately predict the daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in most countries and territories. Of the 215 countries and territories under study, 198 (92.1%) had MAEs <10 and 187 (87.0%) had Pearson correlation coefficients >0.8. For the 215 countries and territories, the mean MAE was 5.42 (range 0.26-15.32), the mean RMSE was 9.27 (range 1.81-24.40), the mean Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.89 (range 0.08-0.99), and the mean Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.84 (range 0.2-1.00).

CONCLUSIONS

By integrating previous incidence and Google Trends data, our machine learning algorithm was able to predict the incidence of COVID-19 in most individual countries and territories accurately 7 days ahead.
Субаналіз дослідження ОЗІРКА: ефективність препарату Озалекс (розувастатин) у пацієнтів із цукровим діабетом
Authors: Sirenko Yu.M. , Torbas O.O. , Kushnir S.M.
Published: June 2021

Актуальність. Цукровий діабет (ЦД) залишається одним із найважливіших факторів серцево-судинного ризику, що значно погіршує прогноз у пацієнтів з артеріальною гіпертензією та дисліпідемією. Провідну роль серед препаратів для лікування таких пацієнтів відіграють статини з їх потужним впливом на розвиток і прогресування атеросклерозу та його ускладнень. Ми використали базу даних дослідження ОЗІРКА та провели додатковий субаналіз впливу розувастатину в пацієнтів із ЦД та дисліпідемією. Мета: вивчити вплив препарату Озалекс (розувастатин) на рівень ліпідів і холестерину в пацієнтів із порушеннями ліпідного обміну й гіперхолестеринемією та ЦД. Матеріали та методи. Проспективне відкрите популяційне дослідження. Набір пацієнтів проводився з березня по грудень 2019 року. Аналіз даних дослідження проходив із червня по листопад 2020 року. Результати. Загалом у дослідження включили 20 000 пацієнтів з усієї України. Повний період спостереження закінчили 18 100 пацієнтів, із яких у 17 530 були всі необхідні дані, які й увій-шли до фінального аналізу. Середній період спостереження становив 2,2 місяця. Приблизно 13 % пацієнтів, включених у дослідження, страждали від ЦД 2-го типу. Ми спостерігали достовірне зниження рівнів загального холестерину, ліпопротеїнів низької щільності і тригліцеридів у пацієнтів із ЦД. Крім того, відмічалася тенденція до підвищення рівня ліпопротеїнів високої щільності в цій групі пацієнтів. Загалом можна відзначити, що відбулося достовірне поліпшення показників ліпідограми в пацієнтів із ЦД — рівень загального холестерину знизився на 28 %, рівень холестерину ліпопротеїнів низької щільності — на 34 %, тригліцеридів — на 24 %. Призначення розувастатину жодним чином не погіршувало контроль глюкози у групі пацієнтів із ЦД, більше того, навіть у групі осіб без ЦД також не спостерігалося жодного негативного впливу розувастатину. Висновки. Загалом можна сказати, що препарат Озалекс у дозі від 10 до 20 мг є оптимальним для початку статинотерапії на етапі первинної ланки надання медичної допомоги пацієнтам із ЦД.
Bone and Mineral Disease in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Khairallah Pascale , Nickolas Thomas L.
Published: June 2021

After kidney transplantation, mineral and bone disorders are associated with higher risk of fractures and consequent morbidity and mortality. Disorders of calcium and phosphorus, vitamin D deficiency, and hyperparathyroidism are also common. The epidemiology of bone disease has evolved over the past several decades due to changes in immunosuppressive regimens, mainly glucocorticoid minimization or avoidance. The assessment of bone disease in kidney transplant recipients relies on risk factor recognition and bone mineral density assessment. Several drugs have been trialed for the treatment of post-transplant mineral and bone disorders. This review will focus on the epidemiology, effect, and treatment of metabolic and skeletal derangements in the transplant recipient.
Design of Wideband Antenna for Millimeter Waves Using HFSS
Authors: Prathyusha Pippirada
Published: June 2021

This paper reviews the objectives and requirements of wideband antenna for millimeter-wave applications using HFSS software (Ansys HFSS V.15.0). In modern era, all wireless devices are multipurpose and versatile, so this requires a wideband antenna to perform different tasks. Microstrip patch antennas are enhancing the performance of communication systems. Patch antennas are becoming more common these days because to their low profile and small weight, making them simple to build. The antenna and propagation issues are further complicated by need for more power, wider bandwidth, stronger gain, and insensitivity to the presence of human users. To provide dependable and interference-free communications and for high-performance millimeter-wave devices need efficient low-profile antennas.
Development of CNN-based Virtual Mouse
Authors: Anasuddin Mohammed
Published: June 2021

The technique of building a process of interaction between human and computer is evolving since the invention of technology. The mouse is a superb invention in HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) technology. Though wireless mouse technology is invented still, that technology isn't completely device free. A Bluetooth mouse has the need of battery power and connecting dongle. The proposed mouse system is beyond this limitation. This paper proposes a virtual mouse system supported HCI using computer vision and hand gestures. Gestures captured with a built-in camera or webcam and processed by a Convolutional Neural Network Model for classification among the desired mouse operations. The users are going to be allowed to regulate a number of the pc cursor functions with their hand gestures. Primarily, a user can perform left clicks, right clicks, and double clicks, scrolling up or down using their hand in several gestures. This technique captures frames employing a webcam or built-in cam and processes the frames to make them track-able and then recognizes different gestures made by users and perform the mouse functions. Therefore the proposed mouse system eliminates device dependency so as to use a mouse.
A Study Based upon the Usage Recycled Aggregate to Enhance the Strength Aspects of Conventional Concrete: A Critical Review
Authors: Khan Suhail Mushtaq
Published: June 2021

Recycled aggregates are those crushed cement concrete or asphalt pavement which comes out from the construction debris which is reused in construction. They are made from the reprocessing of materials which have been used in previous constructions. This paper discusses about the study of properties of recycled aggregates from the sources which has already been published. The results are that 100% replacement of natural aggregate by recycled concrete aggregate effect on chloride ions resistance, it plays negative effects on durability of recycled concrete aggregates, and addition of fiber in recycled aggregate concrete mixture gave more effective in the performance of concrete. On experimental study of recycled aggregate, compressive, flexural and split tensile strength of the recycled aggregate were found to be lower than that of the natural aggregate. Use of recycled aggregate in a new concrete production is still limited. Recommendation of introduction of recycled aggregates standard is required for the materials to be used successfully in future. Gaps in literature reviews are also included in this paper.
A Review on IEEE-754 Standard Floating Point Multiplier using Vedic Mathematics
Authors: Deokate Rajesh
Published: June 2021

The fundamental and the core of all the Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) are its multipliers and the speed of the DSPs is mainly determined by the speed of its multiplier. IEEE floating point format is a standard format used in all processing elements since Binary floating point numbers multiplication is one of the basic functions used in digital signal processing (DSP) application. In this work VHDL implementation of Floating Point Multiplier using Vedic mathematics is carried out. The Urdhva Tiryakbhyam sutra (method) was selected for implementation since it is applicable to all cases of multiplication. Multiplication of two no’s using Urdhva Tiryakbhyam sutra is performed by vertically and crosswise. The feature is any multi-bit multiplication can be reduced down to single bit multiplication and addition using this method. On account of these formulas, the carry propagation from LSB to MSB is reduces due to one step generation of partial product.
Automatic Boat for Fisherman
Authors: Kuchibhatla Dr. S. Mani
Published: June 2021

This paper describes about the border alerting system for fishermen using GPS and engine control unit. In day-to-day life, many problems challenged by the Indian fishermen, and these were captured by the neighbouring countries because of crossing the border. The target of this system is to encourage the fishermen to explore and be always inside our sea nation border Using GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global system for mobile communication), GSM sends the message to the coastal guard office. If the boat nearer to the restricted zone the alarm will turned on and the sound keep on increasing and also speed of the engine will get reduced. If the fishermen fail to ignore the warning and they move to reaches the restricted zone, then automatically engine gets off and send the message to the costal guard along with the location of the fisherman. By this way, this system helps Fisherman.
Movie Review System using Sentiment Analysis and Social Networking Platforms (SNPs)
Authors: Dhiwar S. Ms. Pooja
Published: June 2021

Today online social networking platforms SNPs have become an integral part of or life where we share a lot of information of all the things, we do in life from shopping to movie watching. With ever growing use of SNPs recommendation systems have emerged as a hot trend for applications in e-commerce and digital media. These recommendation systems are useful as well as misguiding. Today digital media use has increased tremendously with increase in internet speeds. But users do not get proper review of a movie and a user is lured to watch a substandard movie which he does not intended to do, thus costing a user time and money. So, there is a need of developing a movie review which will give correct reviews of a digital content like movies so he can only movies which he intends to do. So, we are studying various techniques authored by various authors and create a good movie review system of our own. The first technique we studied and intends to use is movie recommendation system using tweets. The second study is movie recommendation using similarity measures. The third study does find a public shamming using SNP. These techniques are useful and we propose to use some part of each in our new movie review framework by improving the techniques drawbacks. The new framework will be a combination of data from more than one SNP and using natural language processing and machine learning on the data. We are going to use two machine learning algorithms SVM and Naïve Bayes for this purpose. For natural language processing of SNP data, we are going to use OPEN-NLP. We intend to use SNPs such as Twitter and any other movie database like IMDB etc. for data on the movie. The movie will be classified in three classes bad, good and excellent. The results from each algorithm SVM and Naïve bayes will be analyzed for each SNP and try to give user a more accurate movie review by combining all the reviews together and classes accuracy and show overall prediction results with a rating. To get more accurate results for each movie we are going to create a dataset for each movie for demonstration and will not depend on a single combined dataset as keywords for each movie may be different. We are going to combine datasets for each movie from multiple SNPs.
Eye Tracker for Password Authentication
Authors: Barki Archana M
Published: June 2021

In today’s quickly expanding digital environment, security is one of the most important worries that everyone has. Personal Identification Numbers, or PINs, are used to address security issues. Password authentication with PINs, on the other hand, requires clients to physically enter the password, which can be cracked via heat monitoring or thermal tracking. Hands-off gaze-based password or PIN entering techniques used in password or PIN authentication leave no physical traces and so provide the highest level of security for the password or pin entry. Gaze-based authentication entails tracking the eye center and examining the client's gazes for password entering and finding the position of eyeballs across sequential frames of the image. The term "eye detection" refers to the detection of eye characteristics in a single frame. The method of measuring and correlating the positions and movements of the eyes is known as eye-tracking. Blinking ratio of the eye is used for entering the password which will then be compared with the original password for authentication process.
Estimation and Canal Conveyance Losses in Pune District
Authors: Choudhary Rishianand
Published: June 2021

Water is a very precious natural resource. When this precious resource moves through the canals certain part of the water is lost by seepage, evaporation etc. This loss is known as conveyance loss. In present paper, study of Nira Left Bank Canal (NLBC) is done which is situated in Pune district. Total length of canal is 162 Km out of which 30 Km is our study area. Discharge calculations at the head of canal and at 30th Km is done, two standing wave flumes are present at these two locations. Since last few decades, the extensive underutilization has been found in canal irrigation. This issue constitutes the serious lacuna in irrigational planning which often depicts the major problem about optimal water use. As per FAO Aquastat 2015 records for India, out of 91% of water utilized for agriculture purpose, 45% is getting lost under different types of conveyance losses from dam headworks till farms. The conveyance losses constitute the seepage and evaporation losses. Out of these, seepage is a quite significant loss in most of the water conveyance systems. Estimating conveyance losses using physical methods is quite difficult and involves lots of field work and calculations, whereas empirical and analytical methods will not accommodate site condition of respective study area. This study attempted to assess the conveyance loss of Nira Left Bank Bank Main canal with the help of a hydraulic model built on a spatial platform and verified with flow-monitoring events. The hydrospatial model was simulated to understand the canal behaviour and evaluate the conveyance losses. The results show Nira Left Bank Main canal has average 39.96% water conveyance loss.
To Analyze the Factors Responsible for the Shift in Viewing Patterns of Gen Y & Z from Traditional Modes of Entertainment to Online Streaming Platforms
Authors: Ujjwal Ms. Neha
Published: June 2021

: The Viewing Patterns of General population has witnessed numerous changes over the years though television has been one of the most popular means for delivering entertainment to the public but now with the introduction of various Online Streaming Platforms and changing viewing patterns of Generations Y & Z there are huge growth prospects for all the competing Over-The-Top (OTT) Platforms as well. This Research is a novel attempt to understand the factors responsible for the shift in the viewing patterns of Gen Y & Z from traditional modes of entertainment to online streaming platforms. This study also highlighted that the brand awareness & visibility plays a vital role in influencing the decision of the consumers to choose amongst various available online streaming platforms. Although, the usage of traditional modes of entertainment has been declining, it would still be difficult to conclude that online streaming platforms will completely replace the traditional modes of entertainment in the Indian society in the near future.
Design and Development of Drilling Indexing Mechanism
Authors: Kamble Akshay V.
Published: June 2021

Quality and productivity plays important role in today’s manufacturing market. Automation provides high end quality. Drilling machine is most common and vital for producing holes. In this paper, an attempt is made to reduce effect of machining ideal time because of mounting, dismounting, marking, etc. The effort is to investigate optimal time of producing hole and their contribution on higher productivity and less cost optimization.
A PVA Integrated DC-DC Converter with Feedback Loop Control
Authors: Shruthi Enugu
Published: June 2021

This paper gives the detail information about “A PVA integrated DC-DC converter with feedback loop control”. The output voltage from the PV Array is controlled in this by using feedback loop system. The MATLAB simulations results show that the output voltage is stable.
Real Time Monitoring and Control of Substation Parameters using IOT
Authors: Reddy K Sreeshanth
Published: June 2021

This paper studies about real time monitoring and control of substation .automation of substation has become a need of companies. So, it is necessary to monitoring system that will be able to automatically sense, monitor, and classify the existing constraints on electrical loads. The main purpose of the project is to acquire the remote electrical parameters like voltage, current, temperature and frequency and send these real time values over network at power station. This project is also designed to protect the electrical equipments by operating relays .This relay gets activated whenever the electrical parameters exceed the predefined values.This system can automatically update the real time electrical parameters periodically. It has sensing capability to sense whether the system is in normal conditions or it exceeded the predefined values .If it exceeds predefined values then it gives buzzer to alert and relays automatically trips the circuit .
Del homosexual misógino a la marica feminista. Aportes para una desidentificación política más allá del Edipo
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Martínez Ariel
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo ofrece una crítica de algunos aportes que la teoría psicoanalítica postula sobre la homosexualidad masculina. Se toma como concepto eje al complejo de Edipo para señalar su funcionamiento misógino, no sólo por el lugar de objeto al que son relegadas las madres dentro de la retórica psicoanalítica, sino porque configura un dispositivo de propagación del repudio hacia lo femenino. Para ello se exponen aportes del pensamiento feminista, como recurso clave para develar el aspecto socio-histórico y político que subyace a la pretensión universal de las explicaciones psicoanalíticas. Asimismo se exploran marcos de referencia no psicoanalíticos que retratan el vínculo del homosexual y su madre con otros sentidos no misóginos. Finalmente, a modo de imperativo ético-político, se propone la figura de la Marica como narrativa alternativa que cortocircuita los sentidos y los términos a partir de los cuales el complejo de Edipo articula las identidades sexuales contemporáneas.
Construcción del empoderamiento de mujeres en contextos inseguros: análisis de caso en Chimalhuacán, Estado de México
Authors:   El Colegio de Sonora, Becerra Sánchez Mariana
Published: June 2021

El artículo analiza las prácticas cotidianas de un grupo de mujeres de Chimalhuacán, Estado de México, para afrontar los riesgos a los que están expuestas en el espacio público y la manera en que éstas prácticas fueron útiles para la construcción de su empoderamiento. Se trató de un estudio descriptivo tipo cualitativo desde la perspectiva de género. Se efectuaron diez entrevistas semiestructuradas. Mediante el análisis de contenido, se encontró que, pese a que el contexto presentaba altos niveles de violencia y delincuencia inhibiendo la apropiación del espacio público y los papeles tradicionales de género estaban arraigados en sus subjetividades y prácticas, las mujeres lograron reconfigurar estas condiciones para actuar en favor de su seguridad y de sus familias; alcanzando una fase inicial del proceso de empoderamiento al trabajar por intereses prácticos que pueden transformarse en intereses estratégicos.
Resistencia e industria cultural en tiempos neoliberales El caso de jóvenes hiphoperos mexicanos
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cornejo Pérez Aczel Fernando , Figueroa Díaz María Elena ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar la experiencia de algunos jóvenes integrantes de la cultura Hip Hop dentro de un contexto neoliberal que restringe sus oportunidades educativas y laborales. Dicho contexto impide la construcción de proyectos significativos fuera del mercado y del consumo. A través de un trabajo de campo –que incluye entrevistas a profundidad realizadas a cinco jóvenes, así como conversaciones informales, observación participante, análisis de producciones culturales propias del movimiento, y la implicación de uno de los autores de este texto como integrante del movimiento–, se observa una tensión entre la resistencia y la crítica al sistema, y la necesaria vinculación al mercado cultural con el fin de dar a conocer sus mensajes y sus prácticas. Se observan salidas que apuntan a un emprendimiento que no niega la crítica y la resistencia.
Revistando el Sentipensar de la Segunda Ola Feminista: Contextos, miradas, hallazgos y limitaciones
Authors:   El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Maier-Hirsch Elizabeth
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de revisitar analíticamente los orígenes y desarrollo del feminismo de la segunda ola en Estados Unidos y México, a partir de sus hallazgos ontológicos, epistemológicos, conceptuales, políticos y experienciales, con la intención de ofrecer una mirada situada y contextual que aporte a la construcción de puentes de mayor entendimiento entre los feminismos contemporáneos y antecesores. Dicho repaso analítico pretende desentrañar apreciaciones actuales reduccionistas de su caracterización e impacto. Su meta es política y gira en torno al rescate de una comprensión más integral de la segunda ola, basada en la premisa de continuidad entre feminismos. La metodología empleada es de revisión bibliográfica, complementado con la reflexión analítica desde la propia experiencia como participante en dicho movimiento en ambos países.
Рsychosexual needs and sexual behavior of adolescents living with HIV since infancy
Authors: Safonova P. V. , Koltsova O. V.
Published: June 2021

The first generation of children living with HIV since their infancy are growing up and create a new unique group of patients at AIDS Center. Young adults living all their life with chronicle disease that is stigmatized by the society especially in connection with sexuality, have same sexual and reproductive needs and rights as their HIV-negative peers. Aim of this study was to investigate attitudes, needs and social norms toward reproductive and sexual health among adolescents and young adults living with HIV since infancy, as well as their sexual behavior. Among 27 young males and females of 16–20 years old who have lived with HIV since infancy and who took part in anonymous on-line questionnaire, 50% are sexually active. Most of them didn’t experience restrictions in their sexual and reproductive rights, nevertheless they often feel fear of transmitting HIV sexually to the other person. Adolescents and young adults perinataly infected with HIV are willing to use condom during sex and disclose their HIV status to their partner, however they have difficulties in more «complicated» social situations. They have a need in talking about sexual and reproductive health.
Do Communicants Transmit Information in Course of Speech Communication?
Authors: Tarasov Evgenij F.
Published: June 2021

The article questions if human speech communication (SC) involves a transfer of information. The information functioning in speech communication is dwelled upon in the information and systemic activity approaches. The informational approach adequately explains only the direct method of information transfer, while the systemic activity approach is relevant for the sign-mediated speech communication typical for human interaction. The more heuristic thesis is that the perception of the chain of linguistic sign bodies produced in the intersubjective space only starts the construction of the perceived speech message content by the recipient. The completeness of the constructed speech message content depends entirely on the recipient, who has the optimal common consciousness with the speaker. The purpose of speech messages is not the actual construction of the content by the recipient, but the development of the message personal meaning. In human speech communication, the communicants do not transmit information, but use verbal signs bodies to actualize images of consciousness which are developed within a single ethnic culture and therefore are common for them. The incentive for the common consciousness development by the communicants is their participation in joint activities that ensure their earthly existence.
The Duchy of Courland and Semigallia between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire. The Diplomatic Dispute on Charles Christian Wettin’s Reign 1759‒1763. Analysis of Selected Aspects
Authors:   University of Warsaw, Szymborski Grzegorz ,   College of Europe, Natolin
Published: June 2021

The paper presents a case study of the eighteenth-century diplomatic struggle between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Russian Empire over the legal status of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia and its ruling house. The main purpose of the research is to analyse the circumstances leading to the enthronement of Charles Christian Wettin as the Duke of Courland (1759‒1763), discover the tools of Russian international policy and review goals and resources of both Polish–Saxon and Russian sides of the conflict. History, Law and International Relations combine in the interdisciplinary research on the ‘Couronian Question’. From this perspective, Courland and its Duke remain the objects, and the Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia – the subjects of the study.
Rīgas monetārā vēsture Polijas–Lietuvas kundzības laikā (1581–1621)
Authors:   Latvijas Universitātes Latvijas vēstures institūts, Dāboliņš Viktors ,   Tartu Universitāte
Published: June 2021

Pēc tam, kad Baltijas jūras lielvalstis savā starpā bija sadalījušas kādreizējās Livonijas zemes, 1581. gadā Polijas–Lietuvas karalis Stefans Batorijs ieguva Rīgu – Livonijas metropoli un pēdējo suverēno veidojumu Baltijas jūras austrumu piekrastē. Rīga kļuva par Pārdaugavas hercogistes administratīvās un tirdznieciskās dzīves centru un vienīgo naudas emitentu. Balstoties Rīgas naudas kaltuves rakstītajos avotos, rakstā tiek aplūkotas svarīgākās izmaiņas Rīgas monetārajā politikā un ekonomikā, kas bija saistītas ar integrāciju Žečpospolitas monetārajā savienībā un aktuālajām ekonomiski politiskajām norisēm. Rīgas monetārajā vēsturē tas bija lielu iespēju un pārbaudījumu laiks, ko vislabāk raksturo Rīgas šiliņu un trīsgrašu ekspansija skaidras naudas norēķinu tirgū, Žečpospolitas monetārais partikulārisms, inflācijas pieaugums un karadarbības atsākšanās reģionā 1600. gadā.
A constituição que não foi: projetos derrotados para a segurança pública na Nova República
Authors: Benetti Pedro
Published: June 2021

A proposta do presente texto consiste em recuperar as propostas para a organizaçãodas forças repressivas do Estado derrotadas no contexto dos debates em torno daconstituinte de 1987-8. Isso será realizado por meio da pesquisa de documentospublicados por diferentes atores sociais do período, bem como das mençõesconstantes nos debates registrados nos anais da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte(ANC), disponíveis no acervo do Senado Federal. Ao recuperar esta documentaçãopretendo (1) demonstrar que a reprodução do modelo de segurança pública legado daditadura militar (1964-1985) foi resultado de trabalho ativo de forças sociaisorganizadas politicamente para afastar as propostas renovadoras formuladas emdiferentes espaços da sociedade brasileira; (2) ao demonstrar o sentido de disputaenvolvido na conformação do atual sistema, desnaturalizar sua forma presente eressaltar a possibilidade/necessidade de que seja debatido, repensado e reformuladoe; (3) recuperar, na história dos projetos derrotados, propostas que sigam pertinentesà realidade brasileira e que possam lançar luz sobre alternativas para enfrentar a crisede segurança que há tantos anos nos aflige.Palavras-chave: Segurança Pública, Forças Armadas, Constituição, Transição.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORAS DE 4.º E 5.º ANO ACERCA DE TEORIAS E PRÁTICAS DA AVALIAÇÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM
Authors: Matos Goss Lucia Helena , Grosch Maria Selma
Published: June 2021

Este artigo é parte da dissertação de Mestrado em Educação cujo objetivo é compreender se a formação continuada de professoras de 4º e 5º ano atende suas necessidades teóricas e práticas relativas à avaliação de aprendizagem dos estudantes. Neste recorte delimitamos as entrevistas realizadas com as professoras, nos possibilitando refletir sobre o problema da formação continuada em relação a avaliação da aprendizagem. A pesquisa teve uma abordagem de caráter qualitativo, conforme Flick (2009). Já, os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram um questionário e uma entrevista semiestruturada. As conclusões mostraram que a avaliação utilizada pelas educadoras colabora de modo considerável para o bom desempenho educacional. O resultado mostra, também, que elas estão em constante desenvolvimento qualitativo em sua formação. Também nos revela por meio dessas análises que essas professoras carecem de uma formação continuada alinhada as suas reais necessidades e que contribua significativamente sobre sua prática avaliativa de forma reflexiva, oportunizando diálogo, troca de experiência, além de adquirir novos conhecimentos por meio da formação.
Vores demokrati er virkelig en bekymring værd!
Authors: Helder Jørn
Published: June 2021

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Liderazgo en escuelas categorizadas como insuficientes en Chile: percepciones de directoras
Authors: Aravena Castillo Felipe , Madrid Romina
Published: June 2021

Las personas directores son una pieza clave en la mejora escolar, especialmente en escuelas categorizadas como insuficientes por los sistemas de inspección de desempeño. Este estudio utiliza un enfoque exploratorio y cualitativo, cuyo objetivo es describir las percepciones de los directores que lideran las escuelas “más críticas” en la región de Valparaíso, Chile. Para ello, de acuerdo con la metodología cualitativa se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad con siete personas directoras de establecimientos escolares, con el fin de describir las razones por las cuales consideran que sus escuelas se encuentran en una situación de deterioro. Se concluye que las personas directoras de este estudio reportan que la situación de deterioro crónico se explica de manera multifactorial. Estos factores pueden ser agrupados en cinco categorías: (1) nivel socioeconómico de estudiantes y sus familias, (2) alta rotativa directiva, (3) calidad de las prácticas pedagógicas, (4) compromiso docente y (5) características idiosincráticas del sistema educacional chileno. Se presentan recomendaciones para la política pública nacional sobre cómo brindar apoyo profesional a los líderes que tienen la tarea de dirigir en la complejidad.
Clinical risk factors for decompensated heart failure after atrial fibrillation ablation
Authors: Matsuda Yasuhiro , Masuda Masaharu , Sakio Takashige , Asai Mitsutoshi , Iida Osamu , Okamoto Shin , Ishihara Takayuki , Nanto Kiyonori , Kanda Takashi , Tsujimura Takuya , Hata Yosuke , Uematsu Hiroyuki , Mano Toshiaki
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Although decompensated heart failure (DHF) can complicate
catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), its incidence and risk
factors have not been defined. We sought to investigate the incidence
and risk factors for DHF in these patients. Methods: In total, 1004
consecutive patients who underwent initial ablation for AF (age, 68 ± 10
years old; females, 346 [34%]; and persistent AF, 513 [51%])
were enrolled. Δheart rate, which was defined as heart rate after
ablation minus heart rate before ablation, were calculated. DHF was
defined as heart failure requiring medical therapy during post-procedure
hospitalization, or re-hospitalization due to heart failure <
90 days after the procedure. DHF was classified into early
peri-procedual DHF, which occurring within 2 days after the procedure,
and late peri-procedual DHF, which occurring ≥ 3 days after the
procedure. Results: The incidence of DHF was 32/1004 (3%) patients.
Patients with DHF had a higher prevalence of a past history of
symptomatic heart failure (17/32 [53%] versus 154/972 [16%], P
< 0.01) and lower Δheart rate after the procedure than those
without (−16 ± 28 versus 2 ± 21 beats/min, P < 0.01). On
multivariate analysis, lower Δheart rate was a significant independent
predictor of early peri-procedual DHF, while early recurrence of AF was
a significant independent predictor of late peri-procedual DHF.
Conclusion: In patients with AF, lower Δheart rate was an independent
predictor of early peri-procedual DHF, and early recurrence of AF was an
independent predictor of late peri-procedual DHF.
Measuring Performance Efficiency Indicators
Authors: Ahmed Ali S. , Ibrahem Tariq N.
Published: June 2021

Measuring performance efficiency indicators is considered one of the most important topics that public or private companies should undertake, as it provides extensive information on its reality and highlights the most important strengths and weaknesses that guide the company's management, which is considered a fundamental basis for the decision-making process. This study was conducted on the General Company for Agricultural Supplies "GCAS" of the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture in order to estimate the criteria of the efficiency of its performance in the years (2016) and (2018) and to make comparisons between the two years. The results showed that most of the performance criteria for the year (2018) fell below the base year (2016), which requires a pause to improve the performance efficiency in order to develop its future activity in a manner commensurate with its position in preparing the various agricultural requirements that the agricultural sector deals with. The research included some conclusions related to the decrease in the efficiency of the company's performance in managing working capital in (2018) comparing to the year (2016) as the liquidity ratio fell below the acceptable rates, which indicates that the company's ability to meet its obligations in the future has decreased. The working capital turnover rate also decreased, indicating that it was not used correctly in addition to other reasons. The research also included some important recommendations that enable the company to overcome the failures that it faced during the study period.
О происхождении и эволюции вирусов по результатам исследований вирусоподобных микрофоссилий в кремнистых породах Палеопротерозоя, остров Гогланд, Финский залив
Authors: Беляев Анатолий , Юхалин Павел
Published: June 2021

Несколько разновидностей вирусоподобных микрофоссилий, близких по морфологии к современным гигантским вирусам семейства Mimiviridae были выявлены в микрокварцитах в составе вулканогенно-осадочных толщ с возрастом 1640 миллионов лет на острове Гогланд в Финском заливе, Россия. Микрокварциты содержат графит, обогащенный лёгким изотопом углерода 12С, как это характерно для пород, образовавшихся с участием живого вещества. Многочисленные останки окремненных и ожелезненных микрофоссилий планктонных микроорганизмов и вирусоподобных структур были найдены во фрагментах окремненных биопленок. Однако, вирусоподобные микрофоссилии превышают современные гигантские вирусы по линейным размерам в тысячу раз и более (Belyaev, 2018; 2019; Belyaev, Yukhalin, 2021), и содержат структуры подобные ядрам эукариотов. Кроме того, получены данные, которые могут быть истолкованы как факт паразитических взаимоотношений вирусоподобных образований с клетками древних амебообразных микроорганизмов. Внутри, и в непосредственном окружении некоторых вирусоподобных структур, наблюдаются мелкие овальные зональные образования, которые, возможно, представляют собой окремненные вирусные частицы, древнейших облигатных сверхпаразитов, подобных вирофагам «Спутник» у мимивирусов (La Scola, et al., 2008). Зерна апатита, обнаруженные в минерализованной цитоплазме и ядрах вирусоподобных микрофоссилий, скорее всего, кристаллизовались из остатков фосфорной кислоты распавшихся нуклеотидов. Это позволило впервые приблизительно оценить величину геномов древнейших вирусоподобных структур, которые превышали геномы современных гигантских вирусов и одноклеточных организмов в тысячи раз (Belyaev, Yukhalin, 2021). Массы геномов микрофоссилий эукариотов и вирусоподобных структур были также оценены в соответствии с принципом геномно-ядерной пропорциональности, согласно которому молекулярные массы геномов прямо пропорциональны размерам ядер. При этом размеры геномов вирусоподобных структур, оцененные как по включенным зернам апатита, так и по величине ядер, в среднем составили десятки тысяч пикограмм и, соответственно, могли содержать десятки тысяч миллиардов пар нуклеотидов. Предполагается, что микрофоссилии вирусоподобных структур из группы неясного систематического положения Dinoviridae Incertae sedis были представителями вымершего семейства одноклеточных факультативных паразитов, либо являлись предками гигантских вирусов семейства Mimiviridae.
A Comparative Accuracy of Regularized and Tension Spline Methods to Estimate and Model the Surface Water pH of Pulau Tuba, Langkawi, Kedah
Authors:   Marine Research Station, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Kamaruddin Sharir Aizat , Ahmad Nasir Nor Atikah Husna ,   School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Rahim Nur Syafiqah ,   School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Shuhaime Norlin ,   School of Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Hashim Mohd Akmal ,   School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Khazali Ahmad Suhail ,   School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Abd. Aziz Khairul Naim ,   Marine Research Station, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia, Roslani Muhammad Akmal ,   Marine Research Station, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Perlis Branch, Arau Campus, 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia
Published: June 2021

This research is conducted to assess the accuracy of spline interpolation methods to predict and model the surface water pH of Pulau Tuba, Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia. In-situ sampling activities using pH-meter and Geographic Positioning Systems (GPS) were carried out during high tides and at noon in November 2018. The development of spatial models was constructed using Regularized and Tension spline methods. Then, validation of models was carried out to compare the observed and predicted values of pH using correlation analysis, regression analysis, and error analysis. The accuracy of the developed map was calculated using the overall accuracy equation. This research found that the regularized spline method had more accuracy in estimating surface water pH variability than the tension spline method. Pearson correlation coefficient (r), Coefficient of determination (R2), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) were reported at 0.896, 0.803, 0.0265 and 0.0344 for the regularized spline method,respectively. The developed spatial model was then transformed into a map by adding map elements such as legend, title, north arrow, and scales for effective visualization. The developed map has an accuracy of 87.50%. The surface water pH was found at the range of 7-8. Low reading of pH is expected due to the addition of rainwater to the coastal water of Pulau Tuba, Langkawi, Kedah. The research outcomes would benefit government and non-government agencies to monitor the coastal and ocean acidification and the development of strategic policies and rules to reduce the impact of anthropogenic activities and climate changes for this area.