bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
What Can We Expect of Law and Religion in 2020?
Authors: Griffin Leslie C.
Published: April 2020

The United States is in a religion-friendly mood—or at least its three branches of government are. The Supreme Court is turning away from its Free Exercise Clause analysis that currently holds that every religious person must obey the law. At the same time, the Court is rejecting its old Establishment Clause analysis that the government cannot practice or support religion. The old model of separation of church and state is gone, replaced by an ever-growing unity between church and state. This Article examines how much union of church and state this Court might establish.
Immunocytochemistry on scrape cellblock: An aid in the diagnosis of metastatic neoplasm with unknown primary: A series of four cases
Authors: Mathur Arpita , Sharma Anjali , Sharma Mudit , Maurya Abhishek , Yadav Anamika , Sethi Neha
Published: April 2020

Scrape cellblock (SCB) is a novel technique to suggest possible primary site in fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears from the liver, lung, and lymph nodes which are the common sites of metastasis of many primary tumors. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) on SCB averts the need of more invasive diagnostic procedures and gives a conclusive diagnosis. We present a series of four cases with unknown primary site, in which ICC was done on SCB to suggest possible primary site. Three of them were liver space-occupying lesions (SOL) and one from the periportal lymph node. In all four cases, wet-fixed smear for hematoxylin and eosin stain was prepared as routine procedure. FNAC was reported as metastatic adenocarcinoma in two and metastatic spindle cell neoplasm in one liver SOL. Periportal node was reported metastatic adenocarcinoma. Two hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides from each case with higher cellularity were used to scrape off the material to prepare SCB. ICC was put which gave conclusive diagnosis in all the cases. On ICC, two cases of metastatic carcinoma in the liver were diagnosed as metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasm from Gastrointestinal Tract and metastatic adenocarcinoma from the stomach. Spindle cell neoplasm of the liver was diagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor from the stomach. Pancreatic head mass in metastatic periportal node was confirmed later by radiologic examination. SCB is a useful technique to make the best use of available material where reaspiration is difficult. ICC on SCB is of maximum utility to suggest possible primary sites in metastatic cases with unknown primary or where biopsy of the lesion is not possible.
IDENTIFIKASI KESULITAN MAHASISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI MOLEKULER BERSTRATEGI MODIFIED FREE INQUIRY
Authors: Suryanti Evi , Fitriani Any , Redjeki Sri , Riandi Riandi
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study was to identify the difficulties learning by students in the modified free inquiry learning strategy of Molecular Biology and the causes of these difficulties. The method used is descriptive with a questionnaire technique. Respondents are 51 Biology Education students who contracted the Molecular Biology course in Academic Year 2017/2018 at one of the education institution in Kota Pekanbaru. The stages in the modified free inquiry strategy that are carried out consist of steps: 1) orienting students to the topics discussed by giving direct questions, 2) students make questions as the formulation of the problem, 3) proposing hypotheses, 4) collecting data and information for testing hypotheses, 5) communicating findings, and 6) concluding. Topics covered were DNA isolation, agarose gel electrophoresis, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in the lectures were complemented by wet and virtual laboratory activities. Research instruments in the form of a closed questionnaire with answer choices 'yes' and 'no'. Data analyzed are presented in the form of percentage figures. The results of data analysis showed that: (1) Students who experienced difficulty in learning Molecular Biology with a modified free inquiry strategy were 45.10% and those who did not experience difficulties were 54.90%; (2) The causes of difficulties are limited time (78.26%), not finding adequate learning resource materials (39.13%), unable to understand the learning resource materials found (39.13%), unable looking for adequate learning resource materials (21.74%), and not interested in the modified free inquiry strategy (17.39%); and (3) most students agree to apply the modified free inquiry strategy to other biology courses. The implication of the research is the modified free inquiry strategy can be applied in biology learning at the university level.
ANALISIS USAHA MENTAL (UM) MAHASISWA SEBAGAI GAMBARAN EXTRANOUS COGNITIVE LOAD (ECL) DALAM KEGIATAN PERKULIAHAN PENDIDIKAN BIOLOGI
Authors: Putri Iffa Ichwani , Ferazona Sepita
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the level of Extranous Cognitive Load (ECL) of students through mental effort in learning activities. Mental effort can be known and analyzed from external or foreign aspects, such as learning design and learning strategies undertaken. The source of the burden obtained in the learning process is known as ECL. The effectiveness of ECL is influenced by information and learning activities that contribute to the process of constructing students' cognitive schemes in learning process received. Good learning process happen if the ECL owned by student is in low category. ECL is measured by the mental effort of students in attending lecture activities. This research is a descriptive study, which was carried out on the fourth semester students of biology education who took part in the ethics and professional education classes. ECL measurements were measured using a mental effort questionnaire during the lecture. The data acquired is analyzed on the conversion of values in the low to high categories. The results showed that in the lecturing activities the student’s mental effort average was in the low category at 32.45. A low mental effort represents a low extranous cognitive load (ECL). It can be concluded that the learning strategies carried out in the ethics and education professional lectures can suppress ECL biology education students.
Prevalence & related factors to postnatal depression: A comparison between NVD & LSCS mothers
Authors: Madhusmita Nayak
Published: April 2020

Postnatal depression is a critical and neglected phase in the life of mother and babies. Early detection of depression will reduce the morbidity & mortality among postnatal mother, says WHO as ‘Depression let’s talk’. The assessment for postnatal depression after delivery is not a routine practice in many of the hospitals of Odisha. Hence in view of this the current study was designed. The primary objective is to assess the prevalence of postnatal depressive cases and to find out the related factors responsible for same. The secondary objective is to determine the level of depression & its association with the demographic variables and the regression analysis of both the cases. This was a comparative study, conducted among 200 postnatal mothers, out of whom 100 were normal delivery (NVD) & rest 100 were lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) mothers admitted in postnatal ward of IMS & SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha. The subjects were interviewed through a self structured demographic Performa & Edinburgh postnatal depression scale (EPDS) within 3 days post delivery. As per the survey result, depression was more among mothers having caesarean delivery. The major factors contributing to depression were age and complications during antenatal and intra-natal period. However, high level depression was associated with normal delivery cases with poor economic background and lack of family support. This study may bring light to the prevalence & related factors to depression among postnatal mothers in IMS & SUM Hospital, so that healthcare professionals can focus more on counselling to the mothers on parenthood & other aspects so that the depression among the mothers not only can be early detected rather can be prevented.
An Overview of Novel Corona Virus 2019-nCoV and Their Clinical and Immune Responses
Authors: Sheetal Devi  , Manish Kumar  , Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay  , Anuj Malik  , Beena Kumari  , Raj Singh  , Anil Kumar  , Pandurangan A
Published: April 2020

The novel virus such as corona virus 2019 is the main cause of the disease that is declared by the WHO (World Health Origination). Some other virus similar to this virus were also discovered in initial year of 21th century such as SARS-CoV in 2003, HCoV NL63 in 2004, HKU1 in 2005, MERS-CoV in 2012, and SARS-CoV-2 in 2019. The first few cases of covid-19 were detected from direct contact to the infected animal to human which is also called as animal to human transmission. Due to direct exposure of this virus to infected animals the human to human transmission of the virus is as well possible, which is also likely to be consider and measured as core form of transmission. According to the reports of WHO by 26 February 2020, patients suffering from COVID-19 reduced gradually in China but rapidly increased in countries like Italy, Iran and South Korea. The infection caused by the COVID 19 is detected by looking at the symptoms and it ultimately confirmed by the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) of infected secretions with 71% sensitivity and computed tomography scan with 98%.  The antimalarial medicate, hydroxychloroquine, is authorized for the chemoprophylaxis and treatment of intestinal sickness and as a disease changing antirheumatic drugs. Pharmacological demonstrating dependent on observed drug absorptions and in vitro drug testing propose that prophylaxis with hydroxychloroquine at affirmed portions could anticipate SARS-CoV-2 contamination and improve viral shedding. Clinical preliminaries of hydroxychloroquine treatment for COVID-19 pneumonia are in progress in China (NCT04261517 and NCT04307693).
Certifying non-representability of matroids over prime fields
Authors: Geelen J , Whittle Geoffrey
Published: April 2020

© 2015 Elsevier Inc. It is proved that, for a prime number p, showing that an n-element matroid is not representable over GF(p) requires only O(n2) rank evaluations.
Reading and Listening Comprehension Subskills: The Match between Theory, Coursebooks, and Language Proficiency Tests.
Authors: Ismayilli Karakoc Aynur
Published: April 2020

No description supplied
Schools and educational centers for American Missionary and their effects on the educational situation in the Ottoman Kurdistan in the nineteenth century
Authors: Ahmad Saman Hussien
Published: April 2020

After American missionaries arrived to the regions of Ottoman Empire in the beginning of the 19th century and when they started their activities, the Kurds as one of the nations who were living within the Ottoman Empire, attracted the attention of missionaries. Therefore they opened their office in the Kurdish cities and started their activities. As it has been known that most of the activities of American missionaries were intellectual and educational activities, as a result they opened many schools, professional schools and even they established universities in some cities of Kurdistan, many girls and boys studied in these schools. This study is about (American Missionaries’ educational centres in Kurdish cities in Ottoman Empire in 19th century). This study attempts to illustrate the impact of these schools that were established by American Missionaries and how they were operated. This paper is divided into three parts. First part is about the appearance of American missionaries’ activities in the region of Kurdistan. In this part we will try to briefly describe how they came to Kurdish regions and how they worked and what were their activities. The second part is about the American missionaries’ educational centres in Kurdistan. It endeavours to show the educational activities of American missionaries in Kurdistan regions, and then it will illustrate the importance of these educational centres in Kurdistan regions. The third part is about the effect of American missionaries’ educational centres on the situation of education in Kurdistan. It will evaluate the impact of these educational centres on the education in Kurdistan and on the situation of education in Kurdistan.
The Impact of COVID- 19 on Social media user behavior and their usage level: The Kurdish Journalist as a Case.
Authors: Hama saeed Nazakat Hussein , Hameed Hakim Othman
Published: April 2020

This study relies on an online questionnaire survey paper, The aim of the study is to Carry out that during coronavirus and lockdown which causes people to stay at home and prevent them to get outside. “Who lost their jobs temporarily because of covid-19?” how impacted on social media user behave and their level of using .Dose being online for most of the aspect of life made journalists to use social media more than ever before. This paper focused on Journalists, because they are more intelligent to use social media and much more need to use social media regarding their jobs. For this purpose, this paper use survey method to collect data sample size which is 101 journalists 101 form being returned and responded by the Journalists from all of Kurdistan Region governess, and all type of media organization such as printer ,digital and broadcast media .So that gain the answer, do the Journalist behave and their level of using social media being changed when compared coronaviruses time and before coming this crisis .
¿Quién soy yo? Reflexiones teórico sistémicas acerca de la indentidad individual
Authors: Morales Francisco Xavier
Published: April 2020

The problem of identity is an issue of contemporary society that is not only expressed in daily life concerns but also in discourses of politics and social movements. Nevertheless, the I and the needs of self-fulfillment usually are taken for granted. This paper offers thoughts regarding individual identity based on Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory. From this perspective, identity is not observed as a thing or as a subject, but rather as a “selfillusion” of a system of consciousness, which differentiates itself from the world, event after event, in a contingent way. As concerns the definition  of contents of self-identity, the structures of social systems define who is a person, how he or she should act, and how much esteem he or she should receive. These structures are adopted by consciousness as its own identity structures; however, some social contexts are more relevant for self-identity construction than others. Moral communication increases the probability that structure appropriation takes place, since the emotional element of identity is linked to the esteem/misesteem received by the individual from the interactions in which he or she participates.
Las gubernamentalidades del neoliberalismo
Authors: Gane Nicholas
Published: April 2020

El artículo toma como punto de partida la obra de Michel Foucault, particularmente los cursos sobre biopolítica dictados en el Collège de France (1978-1979), para examinar los distintos modelos de vigilancia con los que operan el liberalismo y el neoliberalismo en tanto formas de gobierno. En primer lugar, se hace una re-lectura de Vigilar y Castigar a la luz del análisis que realiza Foucault en sus cursos sobre el arte de gobierno liberal. Se argumenta que el Panóptico no es solo una arquitectura de poder centrada en la disciplina y la normalización, tal como se lo ha entendido comúnmente, sino un modelo normativo de la relación del Estado con el Mercado que, para Foucault, es ‘la fórmula misma de un gobierno liberal’ (2009: 89). En segundo lugar, los límites del panoptismo, y, por extensión, del gobierno liberal, son expuestos a partir del análisis de Gilles Deleuze sobre la mutación de sociedades disciplinarias a sociedades de ‘control’, y los escritos de Zygmunt Bauman acerca de la individualización y el ‘Sinóptico’. En respuesta a Deleuze y Bauman, la última sección de este artículo regresa a los cursos sobre biopolítica de Foucault para argumentar que la sociedad capitalista contemporánea está marcada no solo por la disminución de los poderes estatales o por la transmisión de responsabilidades del Estado al individuo, sino por la mercantilización neoliberal del Estado y sus instituciones en tanto proceso condicionado por una forma específica de gubernamentalidad. En conclusión, se proponen cuatro tipologías de vigilancia: como disciplina, como control, como interactividad y como mecanismo para promover la competencia. Se argumenta que, si bien estos tipos de vigilancia no son mutuamente excluyentes, están configurados por diferentes gubernamentalidades que pueden ser empleadas para examinar diferentes aspectos de la relación entre el Estado y el Mercado, así como lógicas culturales y sociales del capitalismo de mercado contemporáneo en un sentido más amplio.
De la crisis a las transiciones críticas en sistemas complejos: Hacia una actualización de la teoría de sistemas sociales
Authors: Mascareño Aldo
Published: April 2020

La teoría de sistemas sociales concibe las crisis como una autodescripción negativa de la sociedad moderna que mueve a la acción. Con ello, renuncia a entender el mecanismo generador de crisis sociales en sociedades complejas. Por medio de la teoría transdisciplinar de transiciones críticas, este artículo identifica el mecanismo de lock in como operación central en la producción de crisis complejas y presenta sus principales dinámicas. Esto mueve a tres aprendizajes en teoría de sistemas: la autopoiesis mantiene la continuidad del sistema pero también puede conducir a su colapso; la autodescripción como crisis funciona como un dispositivo que anuncia la proximidad de transiciones críticas; y la topología de transiciones críticas integra sociedad, naturaleza y tecnología. Con estas actualizaciones, la teoría de sistemas queda mejor preparada para enfrentar las crisis fuera de escala que afectan a la sociedad moderna en las últimas décadas.
Debatir el populismo: Lógicas, afectos y ciclos de conflictividad.
Authors: Raza Sebastián , Vasquez Jorge Daniel
Published: April 2020

En lo que sigue, trazaremos tres distinciones con el objetivo de poner en diálogo las contribuciones y descubrir lo que consideramos como coordenadas elementales para una discusión acerca del populismo a partir de las contribuciones presentes en este dossier. En un primer momento, mediante la distinción entre acercamientos que buscan atrapar una lógica del populismo y aquellos que buscan explicarlos en su dimensión histórico-concreta, pondremos en diálogo a nuestras contribuciones al tiempo que buscaremos resaltar puntos de debate importantes, como el del lugar de los afectos en la política populista. En un segundo momento, nos guiará la distinción entre populismo como fenómeno anti-institucional y populismo como momento instituyente para enmarcar nuestras contribuciones, y resaltar ciertos puntos de encuentro y desencuentro entre las distintas contribuciones. Por último, trataremos acerca de la globalidad del populismo como fenómeno y como categoría, en contraste con su regionalidad en tanto experiencia política. Al final de esta introducción, esperamos poner en evidencia las coordenadas que pueden guiar debates sobre populismo, así como la interrelación entre las distinciones realizadas. De igual manera, se evidenciará y enmarcará la discusión del populismo como tema global con matices particulares y regionales.
Upaya Cegah Premarital Seks dengan Pemberdayaan Teman Sebaya
Authors: Izah Nilatul , Hidayah Seventina Nurul , Rakmita Rakmita , Aldina Himdya
Published: April 2020

Hasil zero survey yang dilakukan diseluruh wilayah Kabupaten Tegal sejak 1996-2006 menunjukkan 27 orang mengdap HIV positif dan klinik VCT mencatat lima orang terinfeksi. Kalisapu merupakan salahsatu Desa di yang terletak di Kabupaten Tegal Kecamatan Slawi. Pendidikan di Desa Kalisapu terbilang masih kurang meskipun di daerah sekitar terdapat perguruan tinggi, hal tersebut terjadi karena banyaknya perempuan yang bekerja dan memaksa anaknya untuk bekerja setelah lulus SMP atau SMA. Terdapat pabrik teh yang dekat dengan Desa Kalisapu menyebabkan para remaja memilih bekerja daripada meneruskan pendidikan. Kesibukan bekerja membuat para remaja mendapatkan informasi kesehatan yang sangat minim terutama tentang kesehatan reproduksi. Berdasarkan studi pendahuluan terdapat beberapa remaja yang terpaksa menikah dalam usia muda (<20 tahun) dikarenakan telah hamil.  Melihat fenomea yang ada penting sekali dilakukan pendidikan kesehatan kesehatan reproduksi khusunya bagi para remaja di Desa Kalisapu. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemberian penyuluhan dengan diskusi dan membentuk kader teman sebaya untuk kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja. Kegiatan Pengabdian dilaksanakan selama 2 hari pada tanggal 31 Juli dan 1 Agustus 2019 dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 10 remaja yang terdiri dari remaja putra dan remaja putri yang bergabung dalam remaja Majlis Taklim Nurus Saadah. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan menilai sejauh mana pengetahuan remaja tentang esehatan reproduksi khusunya pada remaja, bagaimana upaya –upaya yang seharusnya dilakukan oleh remaja guna mencegah terjadinya pre marital seks pada remaja. Penilaian pengetahuan yang dilakukan yaitu melalui pertanyaan – pertanyaan yang diajukan tim sebelum melakukan sosialisasi, setelah mengetahui sejauhmana pengetahuan remaja tentang kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja selanjutnya dilakukan kegiatan pemberian materi tentang kesehatan reproduksi serta upaya yang dapat mereka lakukan sebagai teman sebaya yang harus memberikan informasi tentang kespro remaja pada teman – teman mereka agar terjadinya pre marital seks dapat terhindari dengan diskusi. Setelah para remaja mengatakan mengerti dan sudah tidak ada diskusi selanjutnya tim melakukan evaluasi tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja pada peserta. Hasil pengabdian yang telah dilaksanakan dapat disimpulkan remaja yang menjadi peserta pengabdian masyarakat mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan khususnya pegetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi remaja dalam upaya mencegah pre marital seks.
Coefficients Characterization of Entire Harmonic Functions in Terms of Norm of Gradients at Origin in R^n, nâ‰¥ 3
Authors: Kumar Devendra , Vishnoi Rajeev Kumar
Published: April 2020

Coefficient characterizations of generalized order, lower order and generalized type of entire harmonic function having the spherical harmonic expansion throughout a neighborhood of the origin in Rn have been obtained in terms of norm of gradients at origin.
Bipolar Soft Topological Spaces
Authors: Fadel Asmaa , Dzul-Kiï¬‚i Syahida Che
Published: April 2020

Bipolar soft set theory is a mathematical tool associates between bipolarity and soft set theory, it is deï¬ned by two soft sets one of them gives us the positive information where the other gives us the negative. The goal of our paper is to deï¬ne the bipolar soft topological space on a bipolar soft set and study its basic notions and properties. We also investigate the deï¬nitions of: bipolar soft interior, bipolar soft closure, bipolar soft exterior, bipolar soft boundary and establish some important properties on them. Some relations between them are also discussed. Moreover, the notions of bipolar soft point, bipolar soft limit point and the derived set of a bipolar soft set are discussed. In additions, examples are presented to illustrate our work.
Approximation of Function in generalized HÃ¶lder Class
Authors: Rani Supriya , Nigam H. K.
Published: April 2020

IIn the present work, we study error estimation of a function g âˆˆ H(Î·) r (r â‰¥ 1) class using Matrix-Hausdorff (T âˆ†H) means of its Fourier series. Our Theorem 1 generalizes twelve previously known results. Thus, the results of [4-5, 11â€“16, 18, 26, 29-30] become the particular cases of our Theorem 1. Several useful results in the form of corollaries are also deduced from our Theorem 1.
Developing Optimal Policies to Fight Pandemics and COVID-19 Combat in the United States
Authors: Ã‡etin EyÃ¼p , Kiremitci Serap , Kiremitci BarÄ±ÅŸ
Published: April 2020

The world has faced many outbreaks and pandemics with hundreds of millions of deaths throughout its history. Those epidemics are global health concerns and as well as serious economic issues. There is certain need to allocate scarce sources efficiently to fight such epidemics in both personal and global dimensions. Here we develop and propose two optimization models to maximize the total protection from any epidemic, pandemic or bioterror attacks; the first one is personal protection model or protocol and the other one is mass protection model that is inspired by the well-known weapon-target assignment problem of operations research. These efforts are optimal allocation of scarce medical and economic resources to save millions of lives- gift of life. We implement our general mathematical programming models with real-world data to fight the coronavirus pandemic for a person and the United States. Our personal protection protocol provides 99.99% protection from COVID-19 for an American through personal strategies when the mass protection model supplies 96.961% protection on average from coronavirus pandemic for the United States through across country policies. The mass protection model which recommends general policy frame for health care policy makers could be applied for any epidemic at any level from county to city, to state and country as well as in global scale. The mathematical relation between the personal protection protocol and the mass protection model also highlights the fact of unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno (one for all, all for one) for fighting epidemics- particularly the moving enemy, novel coronavirus which is double invisible due to its viral nature and the availability of the high level of asymptomatic cases. Recognize the enemy, as protecting yourself means protecting people, love life, follow the rules and stay at home. That is the greatest ever social impact.Published on 28 April 2020.
EVALUATION OF BER PERFORMANCE OF FFT-OFDM FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
Authors: Abdullahi Muhammad Bello
Published: April 2020

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is used to enhance Bit Error Rates (BER) performance for error free transmission in free space in free pace. OFDM-based systems operate in the hostile multipath radio environment, which allows efficient sharing of limited resources. This research work was designed, developed and simulated an FFT-OFDM based System using the basic blocks of Simulink in MATLAB/Simulink software, to enhance BER for error free transmission. The system was design using Fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Inverse Fast Fourier transform (IFFT). This was achieved in backing of collection and review of high-quality research papers, which reported the latest research developments in OFDM communications networks, and its applications in future wireless systems. The research mitigated the noise enhancement effect. And many critical problems associated with the error transmission in wireless communication networks in the future. An error transmission in wireless systems is global issues and challenges that are still looking for efficient solutions. This research work would overcome the global issues and challenges facing the wireless communication network.
A Community Empowerment Model through Pesantren-Based Family Empowerment Post (POSDAYA)
Authors: Meiriki Andri , Rahayu Ety , Resnawaty Risna
Published: April 2020

Purpose: This paper aims to analyze A Community Empowerment Model through Pesantren-based Family Empowerment Post  (Posdaya).

Design/methodology/approach: The method used is composes a reality to be a story, describing a problem, event, phenomenon orderly, followed by analysis and interpretation to analyze the data in a perfect sequence.

Findings: 3 hypotheses are rejected while the other 3 is accepted.

Research limitations/implications: These components were: 1) Data collection; this was done through interviews. Besides, the data were also collected through a literature study. 2) Data Reduction, after the data were gathered, the researcher focused on removing unnecessary data and arrange the data to gain a conclusion. 3) Data display, this was done through sentences and structured story. 4) Conclusion drawing, this was done to gain full meaning from the processed data, creating a clear, complete synopsis.

Practical implications: Results show that from the 3 hypotheses proposed accepted, 1) Pesantren-based Posdaya needs to improve its resources through training or organizational education in order to improve the quality of empowerment program and the continuity of Posdaya activities. 2) Pesantren-based Posdaya needs to strengthen its social capital by establishing stronger social relationships with stakeholders, thus opening accessibility for community empowerment, or family empowerment in particular. 3) Pesantren-based Posdaya should strengthen its organizational structure and workgroup as the program implementer, and continuously monitor the program.

Originality/value: This paper is original.
Permainan tradisional: suatu pendekatan dalam mengembangkan physical literacy siswa sekolah dasar
Authors: Gustian Uray
Published: April 2020

Physical Literacy (PL) merupakan keterampilan yang harus dimiliki siswa sebagai akibat adanya pergeseran capaian pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani (penjas). Akan tetapi, belum banyak bentuk aktivitas pembelajaran yang bisa digunakan untuk mengembangkan PL. Untuk itu, penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk menemukan aktivitas pembelajaran yang dapat mengembangkan PL. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan mengimplementasikan permainan tradisional yang dimodifikasi terdiri atas tujuh permainan yaitu lempar kaleng, lempar telur penyu, sumpitan, balap balon, estafet kelereng, bakiak, dan engklek. Penelitian diujicobakan terhadap siswa sekolah dasar kelas satu yang berjumlah lima puluh siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman siswa dalam melakukan permainan, keterampilan gerak, kesenangan, dan secara kumulatif telah terjadi peningkatan pencapaian PL siswa. Peningkatan terjadi disebabkan permainan tradisional yang dimodifikasi sesuai dengan karakteristik siswa, disusun dengan mempertimbangkan prinsip dan aspek pengembangan aktivitas pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan permainan tradisional yang dimodifikasi dapat dapat meningkatkan PL siswa sekolah dasar.
Pemenuhan Hak Bekerja bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Fisik di Kota Batam
Authors: Tan Winsherly , Ramadhani Dyah Putri
Published: April 2020

Negara Indonesia merupakan negara yang menjunjung tinggi hak asasi manusia. Perlindungan terhadap hak asasi manusia merupakan sebuah kewajiban bagi Pemerintah Indonesia. Perlindungan tersebut diberikan juga kepada penyandang disabilitas fisik. Indonesia telah memiliki seperangkat hukum yang memberikan perlindungan mengenai hak bekerja bagi penyandang disabilitas namun pada kenyataannya, Indonesia masih menghadapi problematika dalam pemenuhan hak tersebut termasuk pemerintah Kota Batam menghadapi problematika dalam memenuhi hak bekerja bagi penyandang disabilitas.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pemenuhan hak bekerja bagi penyandang disabilitas dan tantangan yang mereka hadapi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan sosiologis yuridis. Teknik penelitian yang dilakukan adalah wawancara. Teori hukum yang digunakan dalam menganalisis penelitian ini adalah Teori Efektivitas Hukum oleh Soejono Soekanto dan Teori Keadilan Hukum oleh Jhon Rawls. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa pemenuhan hak bekerja bagi penyandang disabilitas fisik di Kota Batam belum efektif dengan beberapa tantangan yaitu lemahnya peraturan di daerah Kota Batam dan lemahnya kemampuan yang mereka miliki.
Urgensi Ketentuan Carry-Over dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang di Indonesia
Authors: Izzaty Risdiana
Published: April 2020

Munculnya ketentuan Pasal 71A Undang-Undang Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 tentang Perubahan Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan mengamanatkan penerapan mekanisme carry-over dalam proses pembentukan undang-undang di Indonesia. Akibatnya, agenda Program Legislasi Nasional yang hanya berlaku selama 5 (lima) tahun sesuai dengan satu periode masa jabatan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dapat dilanjutkan pembahasannya pada agenda Program Legislasi Nasional periode masa jabatan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat selanjutnya. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah mengkaji urgensi penerapan mekanisme carry-over dalam pembentukan undang-undang Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan mengumpulkan bahan-bahan hukum dalam literatur untuk memperdalam pemahaman urgensi penerapan mekanisme carry-over di Indonesia. Dari tulisan ini dapat diketahui bahwasanya carry-over dipandang sebagai bentuk efektivitas dalam good governance, efisiensi APBN, dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Maka dari itu diperlukan ketentuan lebih lanjut mengenai mekanisme carry-over sebagai alas hak dalam penerapannya.
PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN KEPEMANDUAN WISATA DI DESA WISATA CIBUNTU KAB. KUNINGAN PROVINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Fajri Khoirul , Kartika Titing , Afriza Lia
Published: April 2020

Desa Cibuntu (Cibuntu Village) is a tourism-based village located at the foot of Mount Ciremai, Pasawahan District, Kuningan, West Java. The village is located approximately 20 KM from the center of Kuningan City. Cibuntu Village has a variety of uniqueness that is owned both in nature, culture and history. Cibuntu Village is declared as a Tourism Village as stipulated in the Decree of the Head of the Kuningan District Tourism and Culture Office Number 55631 / KPTS.178.A Disparbud / 2012 concerning the designation of Cibuntu Village as an Object and Attraction (Tourism Village). Guiding tours become very important because they are part of the service. Lack of communication skills and mastery of English become the main obstacle in guiding tourism activities in the Cibuntu Tourism Village. The people who are assigned as guides seem to only have capital, so the delivery of information is not packaged properly to tourists. Referring to these conditions, then the solution is coaching and mentoring in an effort to improve the ability to guide tours through a series of training. The training will be classified into two categories, namely tour guides and English training for tour guides. The methods to be used include lectures, questions and answers, discussions. To improve the ability to guide in English will focus on drilling models and role play. As targets to be achieved are (a) increasing the ability of understanding the role of the tour guide, (b) increasing the ability of the community in the tour guide, (c) increasing the ability of English in guiding activities especially when guiding foreign tourists, (d) increasing communication skills when guide the tour. To achieve these targets the activity implementation team will work together with the association of Indonesian tour guides and professional guides.
PKM PEMANFAATAN BUAH NIPAH DI DESA TELUK BETUNG, KECAMATAN PULAU RIMAU, KABUPATEN BANYUASIN, SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Mukti Retno Cahya , Arsi Arsi , Pangawikan Aldila Din
Published: April 2020

The Community Partnership Program (PKM) activity aims to help groups of farmers from the community who are not yet economically productive but have a strong desire to become entrepreneurs. This PKM activity will be applied to farmer groups in Hamlet 4, Teluk Betung Village, Rimau Island District, Banyuasin District, South Sumatra. The obstacle faced by partners is that it is difficult to determine the right processing technique for nipah (Nypa fruticans Wurmb), partner's knowledge of nipah processing techniques is still minimal. From the problems faced by partners, several solutions are needed including providing community group empowerment assistance regarding the application of science and technology in activities: 1) knowledge of plants and the benefits of nipah (Nypa fruticans); 2) application of local resource-based food processing technology which includes selection of palm fruit, types, and processing techniques of fresh palm fruit; and 3) processing of nipah to be processed foodstuffs with high economic value such as sweets, dodol, etc., and 4) the production process and marketing management of processed nipah products. This activity will be carried out for 8 months (January to August) in 2019. The method used is the empowerment of active participant of farmer groups to partners with the transfer of knowledge and technology on the introduction and benefits of palm fruit, processing of palm fruit through direct assistance in the field. The process of delivering material utilizes teaching aids and the use of space as a transfer class of science and technology. While the technical assistance and direction of the service program involved partner groups. The conclusion is that partners are able to increase their knowledge and skills in processing nipah so that they can increase their economic value.
Perangkat Keras Komputer
Authors: Aulia Raodhatus Anggi
Published: April 2020

Perangkat keras adalah perangkat di komputer fisik, seperti prosesor, monitor, keyboard, dan printer, suatu alat yang memiliki fisik, dapat di lihat, dapat di raba, dan memiliki fungsi tertentu pada sebuah komputer. Atau dapat di artikan juga sebagai perangkat yang memiliki bentuk fisik pada komputer sehingga dapat dilihat dan disentuh. Salah satu fungsinya yaitu untuk mendukung melakukan komputerisasi, misalnya seperti menerima input data, mengolah data, dan menyimpan data, maupun mengeluarkan hasil pengolahan data. Perangkat keras berfungsi untuk menerima data / informasi, memproses informasi mentah dan menampilkannya dalam informasi baru yang bermanfaat.
CoVidAffect, real-time monitoring of mood variations following the COVID-19 outbreak in Spain
Authors: Bailon Carlos , Goicoechea Carmen , Baños Oresti , Damas Miguel , Pomares Hector , Correa Ángel , Sanabria Daniel , Perakakis Pandelis
Published: April 2020

The COVID-19 outbreak and the ensuing confinement measures are expected to bear a significant psychological impact on the affected populations. Here, we publish a dataset from CoVidAffect, a citizen science project that was launched to provide direct, geolocalized data of changes in subjective feeling and physical arousal following the COVID-19 crisis. These publicly available data are continuously updated and visual summaries are displayed on the project website. The data can be further analyzed to identify affected geographical regions, quantify emotional responses to specific measures and policies, and to understand the effect of context variables, such as living space, socioeconomic status, and practice of physical exercise, on emotional regulation and psychological resilience. Our goal is to offer a resource that will help to anticipate the needs for psychosocial support and facilitate evidence-based policy making.
Psychological Correlates of COVID-19 Conspiracy Beliefs and Preventive Measures: Evidence from Turkey
Authors: Alper Sinan , Bayrak Fatih , Yilmaz Onurcan
Published: April 2020

COVID-19 pandemic has led to popular conspiracy theories regarding its origins and widespread concern over the level of compliance with preventive measures. In the current preregistered research, we recruited 1088 Turkish participants and investigated (a) individual differences associated with COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs; (b) whether such conspiracy beliefs are related to the level of preventive measures; and (c) other individual differences that might be related to the preventive measures. Higher faith in intuition, uncertainty avoidance, impulsivity, generic conspiracy beliefs, religiosity, and right-wing ideology, and a lower level of cognitive reflection were associated with a higher level of belief in COVID-19 conspiracy theories. There was no association between COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and preventive measures while perceived risk was positively and impulsivity negatively correlated with preventive measures. We discuss the implications and directions for future research.
Code-switching in parents’ everyday speech to bilingual infants
Authors: Kremin Lena V. , Alves Julia , Orena Adriel John , Polka Linda , Byers-Heinlein Krista
Published: April 2020

Code-switching is a common phenomenon in bilingual communities, but little is known about bilingual parents’ code-switching when speaking to their infants. In a pre-registered study, we identified instances of code-switching in day-long at-home audio recordings of 21 French–English bilingual families in Montreal, Canada, who provided recordings when their infant was 10 and 18 months old. Overall, rates of infant-directed code-switching were low, averaging 7 times per hour (6 times per 1,000 words) at 10 months and increasing to 28 times per hour (18 times per 1,000 words) at 18 months. Parents code-switched more between sentences than within a sentence; this pattern was even more pronounced when infants were 18 months than when they were 10 months. The most common apparent reasons for code-switching were to bolster their infant’s understanding and to teach vocabulary words. Combined, these results suggest that bilingual parents code-switch in ways that support successful bilingual language acquisition.
The new research assessment reform in China and its implementation
Authors: Zhang Lin , Sivertsen Gunnar
Published: April 2020

A radical reform of research assessment was recently launched in China. It seeks to replace a focus on Web of Science-based indicators with a balanced combination of qualitative and quantitative research evaluation, and to strengthen the local relevance of research in China. It trusts the institutions to implement the policy within a few months but does not provide the necessary national platforms for coordination, influence and collaboration on developing shared tools and information resources and for agreement on definitions, criteria and protocols for the procedures. Based on international experiences, this article provides constructive ideas for the implementation of the new policy.
Understanding young people’s perception toward forestation as a strategy to mitigate climate change in a post-conflict developing country
Authors: Jama Osman M. , Diriye Abdishakur W. , Abdi Abdulhakim M
Published: April 2020

Climate change mitigation strategies need both source reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and a significant enhancement of the land sink of carbon dioxide (CO2) through photosynthesis. In recent years, there has been growing attention to forests as an effective way to mitigate climate change as they capture and store large quantities of CO2 as phytomass and in the soil. Numerous forestation programs have been rolled out internationally and governments, mostly in the developing world, have been fostering tree planting initiatives. However, there is a paucity of studies that assess local perceptions to these initiatives and there are virtually no studies that do so in countries recovering from long-term conflict such as Somalia. Here, we analyze the factors that motivate or hinder the perception of young people in Somalia about forestation as a means to mitigate climate change. This demographic was targeted because 75% of the population of Somalia is between the ages of 18 and 35. Our results show that biocentric value orientation, which emphasizes environmental preservation and ecosystem maintenance, has significant positive influence on attitudes towards forestation whereas anthropocentric value orientation, which treats forests as an instrumental value to humans, did not show a significant influence. A surprising discovery was that biocentric value orientation also had a direct positive influence on young people’s intentions to adopt forestation as a strategy to mitigate climate. We also found that risk perception has a significant positive influence on attitude towards forestation as it is a critical driver of collective action against human-induced environmental problems. We conclude the paper with insights and recommendations for policymakers.
Iklim Organisasi dan Kepuasan Kerja Guru Di Sekolah Singosari Delitua
Authors: Nugraha Muhammad Fadli
Published: April 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran iklim organisasi dan kepuasan kerja guru sekolah Singosari Delitua. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif dengan model deskriptif. Adapun teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling, dimana seluruh populasi akan menjadi sampel penelitian dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 90 guru. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan dua skala yaitu skala iklim organisasi yang terdiri dari struktur, tanggung jawab, penghargaan, resiko, kehangatan, dukungan, standar kinerja, konflik. Adapun kepuasan kerja terdiri dari ciri pekerjaan gaji, penyelia, rekan kerja, kondisi kerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dari 90 guru, lebih dari 50% menyatakan iklim organisasi rendah dan lebih dari 25% menyatakan sedang sehingga yang menyatakan tinggi masih dibawah 10%. Sedangkan untuk indikator kepuasan kerja, lebih dari 50% menyatakan rendah dan 25% menyatakan sedang sehingga yang menyatakan tinggi masih dibawah 10%. Artinya iklim organisasi di sekolah tersebut belum baik dilihat dari semua aspek dan kepuasan kerja guru masih rendah dilihat dari semua aspek.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Mg-Sc-Zr Alloy Modified by Friction-Stir Processing
Authors: Li M. , Zhou S. , Wang W. , Liu F. , Li H. , Qin Y. , Zhang Z. , Wu Y.
Published: April 2020

In this work, the effect of friction stir processing (FSP) on microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al-5Mg-0.2Sc-0.1Zr alloy was investigated in detail. The results showed that the as-cast alloy exhibited equiaxed grain structure with a large number of primary Al3(Sc,Zr) particles inside. FSP imposed a significant grain-refining effect on the alloy, changing the average grain size of 50.5 μm to 2.4 μm, which is attributed to the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization and generation of nanoscaled Al3(Sc,Zr) precipitates. These Al3(Sc,Zr) dispersoids intense impeded the movement of dislocation and grain boundaries and hindered the growth of recrystallized grains, resulting in a remarkable grain-refining strengthening, substructure strengthening and precipitation strengthening effect. On the other hand, the residual primary Al3(Sc,Zr) particles gave rise to a loss in ductility.
НЕЙРОСТИМУЛЯЦІЙНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ У ЛОГОПЕДИЧНІЙ ПРАКТИЦІ З ДІТЬМИ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ З ТЯЖКИМИ ПОРУШЕННЯМИ МОВЛЕННЯ
Authors: Наталія Лопатинська
Published: April 2020

Article reveal practical need for integration and accumulation of the knowledge in neurology, neurophysiology, neuroanatomy, neurochemistry, neuropsychology, neuropsycholinguistics for reorientation of modern logopedic practice in a narrow-disciplinary discipline. An attempt has been made to generalize the multidisciplinary research of scientists and practitioners devoted to the problems of the search for neurostimulation technologies. Author's disclosure of the experience of using modern neurostimulation technologies: neurophysiotherapy, neuroacoustic, neurologic is becoming a particular relevance. According to the results of the dynamics analysis of electrophysiological, psychological and logopedic indicators after the practical introduction of neurotechnology, positive changes in the functional state of the brain were confirmed, which contributed to the activation of the neural networks of the speech and communicative mechanism. It is generalized that the use of neurostimulation technologies in preschool-age children with different types of speech dysontogenesis is a new step in optimizing the process of children speech correction and a prerequisite for further use of classical techniques of speech therapy and steps in reaching the maximum possible results.