bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Zależność między czasem fonacji w próbach staccato a sposobem realizacji
wybranych zadań językowych w języku polskim – wnioski z badań
Authors: Jauer-Niworowska Olga , Zawadka Joanna , Peradzyńska Joanna , Kurowska Marlena
Published: September 2023

This article presents a discussion on the results of the research on the staccato phonation conducted as part of the pilot study intended to establish phonation time norms in Polish-speaking adults. The analysed data were excerpted from a selected group of 12 women. Statistical analyses served the purpose of identifying potential differences between the results of tasks concerning the staccato phonation of selected Polish sounds, the staccato phonation and the legato phonation, and determining the correlation between staccato and other language tasks. The interpretation of the results of the research as proposed in the text refers to the observations regarding the task performance method, e.g. differences in the duration of pauses in the language tasks compared to the staccato phonation tasks, diversities related to the sound realisation time and method in the language tasks and in the staccato phonation task.

Keywords: Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) – staccato – legato – norm – speech-language pathology.
Porównanie możliwości dokonywania kategoryzacji nazw
własnych i nazw pospolitych w dyskursie zaburzonym (w przebiegu łagodnych
zaburzeń poznawczych towarzyszących chorobie Parkinsona)
Authors: Gliwa-Patyńska Renata
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study is an assessment of the possibility of semantic categorisation of common names and proper names in a disturbed discourse. The study used a case-experimental approach. The results were analysed qualitatively and quantitatively.
The best-preserved semantic relations were indicated and phenomena relating to the quality of access to the mental dictionary were determined. The symptoms of the degradation of the semantic dictionary were indicated. The quantitative assessment included a percentage description of the results obtained. The subject performed the process of semantic categorisation of proper names (names belonging to less fuzzy categories) better than common names (with numerous connotations).

Keywords: proper names – common names – categorisation – MCI – semantic dictionary – disturbed discourse.
Propozycje zmiany (w) konstytucji w refleksji teoretycznej Prawa i Sprawiedliwości
Authors: Szczepański Dominik
Published: September 2023

This article presents a theoretical reflection on the proposal to amend the Constitution of the Republic of Poland undertaken by Law and Justice. It analyses the postulates for a radical, comprehensive change to the constitution presented in the party’s programme documents, as well as in the twice-ambitious drafts of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland prepared by the Law and Justice party.
Kryzys węgierskiego parlamentaryzmu po 2010 roku w warunkach rozwoju demokracji nieliberalnej
Authors: Kubas Sebastian
Published: September 2023

Deterioration of Hungarian democracy has weakened the rule of law since 2010. The changes that favour the executive power at the expense of the legislative one are implemented by National Assembly. The paper analyses the formal and practical outcome of the functioning of the Hungarian parliament (2010–2022), which meets the criteria of novelty by referring to only one of the parts of the political system, while many other researchers focus on global regime changes. The research aims to analyze how the Hungarian parliament introduces illiberal legalism. The main question refers to the role and position of the National Assembly in the process of deterioration of Hungarian democracy. The research methods are the legal analysis, neo-institutional approach and comparative method.
Reforma konstytucyjna z 2020 roku redukująca liczbę parlamentarzystów w Republice Włoskiej – w kierunku racjonalizacji systemu parlamentarnego?
Authors: Bokszczanin Izolda
Published: September 2023

The article aims to analize the nature and systemic implications of the constitutional reform carried out in the Italian Republic in 2020, which reduced the number of members of the chambers of parliament. It was the first revision of the Italian constitution since 2001 that was approved in a nationwide referendum, which was the condition for the entry into force of the amendment (two other constitutional revisions: from 2005 and 2016, were rejected in a referendum vote). The concept of rationalization of parliamentarism has been adopted as the leading theoretical reference in this text. The initial research question focused on to what extend the postulate of rationalization of the Italian parliamentarism was achieved by the way of undertaken initiatives to revise the constitutional order. The analyzes carried out allowed to formulate a proposal to explain the potential of rationalization of parliamentarism within the so-called partial reform in the face of failures in implementing comprehensive reforms.
Niepołączalność (i niewybieralność) funkcji sędziego i prokuratora z mandatem parlamentarnym w Polsce
Authors: Juchniewicz Joanna
Published: September 2023

The principle of incompatibility, as expressed in Article 103 of the Basic Law, constitutes one of the key guarantees for the exercise of the parliamentary mandate. By indicating the functions that cannot be exercised in tandem with the mandate of a deputy or senator, the legislator aims to achieve, inter alia, such objectives as: fulfilment of the principle of separation of powers, counteracting conflicts of interest and corruption phenomena, ensuring transparency of decisions taken and ensuring impartiality and independence in the exercise of office. Judges and prosecutors, which also includes retired judges and prosecutors, may not hold parliamentary office. Consequently, electing them as MPs or senators requires them to relinquish their office as judges or prosecutors, and the consequence of not relinquishing their office is the termination of their mandate.
African Swine Fever in Wild Boar: German Hunters’ Perception of Surveillance and Control—A Questionnaire Study
Authors: Rogoll Lisa , Schulz Katja , Conraths Franz J. , Sauter-Louis Carola
Published: September 2023

Since the first occurrence of African swine fever (ASF) in wild boar in Germany in 2020, the disease has primarily affected the wild boar population in the eastern part of the country close to the border with Poland. Local hunters play a crucial role in implementing surveillance and control. To evaluate their perceptions of existing control measures and analyze regional differences between hunters from ASF-affected and non-affected regions, a questionnaire study was conducted among the German hunting community. Hunters from non-affected areas held a more optimistic view regarding the effectiveness of control measures compared to hunters from affected areas. However, control measures that hinder hunting were generally perceived as ineffective. Measures that collided with hunters’ understanding of fair hunting practices were regarded as controversial. Financial incentives and reducing bureaucracy were the most favored approaches to increase hunters’ participation. Moreover, the possibility of eating or selling the meat of hunted wild boar and the provision of infrastructure for implementing ASF control were considered motivating. Thus, this study highlights the importance of compensating hunters and addressing their concerns to maintain their engagement in ASF control. To enhance compliance with controversial measures, thoughtful communication and raising awareness are essential.
Transcriptome Studies Reveal the N6-Methyladenosine Differences in Testis of Yaks at Juvenile and Sexual Maturity Stages
Authors: Guo Shaoke , Pei Jie , Wang Xingdong , Cao Mengli , Xiong Lin , Kang Yandong , Ding Ziqiang , La Yongfu , Chu Min , Bao Pengjia , Guo Xian
Published: September 2023

Studying the mechanism of spermatogenesis is key to exploring the reproductive characteristics of male yaks. Although N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification has been reported to regulate spermatogenesis and reproductive function in mammals, the molecular mechanism of m6A in yak testis development and spermatogenesis remains largely unknown. Therefore, we collected testicular tissue from juvenile and adult yaks and found that the m6A level significantly increased after sexual maturity in yaks. In MeRIP-seq, 1702 hypermethylated peaks and 724 hypomethylated peaks were identified. The hypermethylated differentially methylated RNAs (DMRs) (CIB2, AK1, FOXJ2, PKDREJ, SLC9A3, and TOPAZ1) mainly regulated spermatogenesis. Functional enrichment analysis showed that DMRs were significantly enriched in the adherens junction, gap junction, and Wnt, PI3K, and mTOR signaling pathways, regulating cell development, spermatogenesis, and testicular endocrine function. The functional analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that they were involved in the biological processes of mitosis, meiosis, and flagellated sperm motility during the sexual maturity of yak testis. We also screened the key regulatory factors of testis development and spermatogenesis by combined analysis, which included BRCA1, CREBBP, STAT3, and SMAD4. This study indexed the m6A characteristics of yak testicles at different developmental stages, providing basic data for further research of m6A modification regulating yak testicular development.
Effects of Different Proportions of Amaranthus hypochondriacus Stem and Leaf Powder Inclusions on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits, and Blood Biochemical Parameters of Broilers
Authors: Ren Ying , Liu Lingyu , Zhou Shilong , Li Yantao , Wang Yan , Yang Kang , Chen Wenxun , Zhao Shengjun
Published: September 2023

This experiment aimed to study the effects of different proportions of Amaranthus hypochondriacus stem and leaf powder (AHSL) on the growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, meat quality, and blood biochemical parameters of broilers from day 1 to day 42. The experiment utilized a single-factor experimental design, with a total of 216 one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) randomly assigned to three dietary treatment groups (eight replicate cages of nine birds per cage). The dietary treatments included a control diet, a 3% AHSL diet and a 6% AHSL diet for days 0–21. Then, the 3% and 6% AHSL diets were changed to 5% and 10% AHSL for days 22–42. The results showed that the inclusion levels of AHSL did not affect growth performance, carcass traits, or meat quality on days 21 and 42 (p > 0.05). However, the inclusion levels of AHSL decreased the apparent nutrient digestibility (AND) of dry matter (DM) (p ˂ 0.001) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (p ˂ 0.001) and increased the serum concentration of phosphorus (p ˂ 0.001) on day 21. On day 42, the inclusion levels of AHSL decreased the AND of DM (p = 0.025) and NDF content (p ˂ 0.001), but increased the AND of crude protein (CP) (p = 0.004). In particular, the diet containing 10% AHSL significantly increased the serum enzyme activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (p = 0.046) and the serum concentration of total protein (TP) (p ˂ 0.001) on day 42. Overall, AHSL can be used as a new and effective feed ingredient in broiler diets. It can replace part of the corn–soybean meal diet without any adverse effects, which is beneficial for conserving feed resources. Additionally, AHSL can be included at a level of up to 10% during the broiler growth period.
Iron Metabolism, Redox Balance and Neurological Diseases
Authors: Gao Guofen , Chang Yan-Zhong
Published: September 2023

Iron is essential for life, and the dysregulation of iron homeostasis can lead to severe pathological changes in the neurological system [...]
Hop Flower Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extracts Coupled with Carriers with Solubilizing Properties—Antioxidant Activity and Neuroprotective Potential
Authors: Stasiłowicz-Krzemień Anna , Cielecka-Piontek Judyta
Published: September 2023

Lupuli flos shows many biological activities like antioxidant potential, extended by a targeted effect on selected enzymes, the expression of which is characteristic for neurodegenerative changes within the nervous system. Lupuli flos extracts (LFE) were prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction with various pressure and temperature parameters. The antioxidant, chelating activity, and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase by extracts were studied. The extracts containing ethanol were used as references. The most beneficial neuroprotective effects were shown by the extract obtained under 5000 PSI and 50 °C. The neuroprotective effect of active compounds is limited by poor solubility; therefore, carriers with solubilizing properties were used for scCO2 extracts, combined with post-scCO2 ethanol extract. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in combination with magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin US2) in the ratio 1:0.5 improved dissolution profiles to the greatest extent, while the apparent permeability coefficients of these compounds determined using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay in the gastrointestinal (PAMPA GIT) model were increased the most by only HP-β-CD.
Experimental Application of the Global Technical Regulation on In-Vehicle Battery Durability
Authors: Patrone Gian Luca , Paffumi Elena
Published: September 2023

Battery aging of electrified vehicles is a key parameter to be controlled in order to ensure sufficient energy efficiency and driving range across the whole vehicle lifespan. The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe has recently adopted a new regulatory framework, the Global Technical Regulation No. 22, prescribing minimum performance requirements for in-vehicle battery durability. With the implementation of this new GTR, monitors of the battery state of certified energy and range will be available in every production vehicle, the accuracy of which will be tested statistically by applying an in-use verification procedure (Part A). Once the monitors’ correctness is checked, the battery durability performances are controlled in Part B against the defined limit values by a fleet monitoring procedure. This work presents the results of a testing campaign executed at the Joint Research Centre testing facilities on an aged pure electric vehicle to measure its capacity and range fade. The aim is to explore the applicability of GTR No. 22, assessing the in-vehicle battery performance fade of an aged electric vehicle, illustrating the several steps of the developed regulation and experimental methodology.
Model Development for Binder Migration within Lithium-Ion Battery Electrodes during the Drying Process
Authors: Zihrul Christiane , Lippke Mark , Kwade Arno
Published: September 2023

In the drying process of electrodes for lithium-ion batteries, the layer structure is defined and can only be influenced slightly in the subsequent process steps. An essential point in the drying process is the fixation of the binder, ensuring both the adhesive and cohesive strength of the electrode. It is known that high drying rates lead to the segregation of the binder in the direction of the coating surface, which results in reduced mechanical stability of the electrode. In a previous publication, an experimental approach was used to investigate the underlying processes that influence binder migration. These results are now used in a model-based approach to describe the binder migration using the convection–diffusion equation. The convective term originates from the shrinkage behavior of the layer during drying due to the relative movement between the active material particles and the solvent in which the binder is dissolved or dispersed; it is expected to be the cause of the binder migration. The diffusive term, representing the binder movement in the solvent, counteracts segregation. The interaction of these forces is simulated at different drying temperatures and the associated drying rates.
Influence of Simulated State of Disc Degeneration and Axial Stiffness of Coupler in a Hybrid Performance Stabilisation System on the Biomechanics of a Spine Segment Model
Authors: Hsiao Chih-Kun , Hsiao Hao-Yuan , Tsai Yi-Jung , Hsu Chao-Ming , Tu Yuan-Kun
Published: September 2023

Spinal fusion surgery leads to the restriction of mobility in the vertebral segments postoperatively, thereby causing stress to rise at the adjacent levels, resulting in early degeneration and a high risk of adjacent vertebral fractures. Thus, to address this issue, non-fusion surgery applies some pedicle screw-based dynamic stabilisation systems to provide stability and micromotion, thereby reducing stress in the fusion segments. Among these systems, the hybrid performance stabilisation system (HPSS) combines a rigid rod, transfer screw, and coupler design to offer a semi-rigid fixation method that preserves some mobility near the fusion site and reduces the adjacent segment compensatory effects. However, further research and confirmation are needed regarding the biomechanical effects of the dynamic coupler stiffness of the HPSS on the intrinsic degenerated adjacent segment. Therefore, this study utilised the finite element method to investigate the impact of the coupler stiffness of the HPSS on the mobility of the lumbar vertebral segments and the stress distribution in the intervertebral discs under flexion, extension, and lateral bending, as well as the clinical applicability of the HPSS on the discs with intrinsic moderate and severe degeneration at the adjacent level. The analytical results indicated that, regardless of the degree of disc degeneration, the use of a dynamic coupler stiffness of 57 N/mm in the HPSS may reduce the stress concentrations at the adjacent levels. However, for severely degenerated discs, the postoperative stress on the adjacent segments with the HPSS was still higher compared with that of the discs with moderate degeneration. We conclude that, when the discs had moderate degeneration, increasing the coupler stiffness led to a decrease in disc mobility. In the case of severe disc degeneration, the effect on disc mobility by coupler stiffness was less pronounced. Increasing the coupler stiffness ked to higher stress on intervertebral discs with moderate degeneration, while its effect on stress was less pronounced for discs with severe degeneration. It is recommended that patients with severe degeneration who undergo spinal dynamic stabilisation should remain mindful of the risk of accelerated adjacent segment degeneration.
Gender-Specific Interactions in a Visual Object Recognition Task in Persons with Opioid Use Disorder
Authors: Petrie JoAnn , Kowallis Logan R. , Kamhout Sarah , Bills Kyle B. , Adams Daniel , Fleming Donovan E. , Brown Bruce L. , Steffensen Scott C.
Published: September 2023

Opioid use disorder (OUD)-associated overdose deaths have reached epidemic proportions worldwide over the past two decades, with death rates for men reported at twice the rate for women. Using a controlled, cross-sectional, age-matched (18–56 y) design to better understand the cognitive neuroscience of OUD, we evaluated the electroencephalographic (EEG) responses of male and female participants with OUD vs. age- and gender-matched non-OUD controls during a simple visual object recognition Go/No-Go task. Overall, women had significantly slower reaction times (RTs) than men. In addition, EEG N200 and P300 event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes for non-OUD controls were significantly larger for men, while their latencies were significantly shorter than for women. However, while N200 and P300 amplitudes were not significantly affected by OUD for either men or women in this task, latencies were also affected differentially in men vs. women with OUD. Accordingly, for both N200 and P300, male OUD participants exhibited longer latencies while female OUD participants exhibited shorter ones than in non-OUD controls. Additionally, robust oscillations were found in all participants during a feedback message associated with performance in the task. Although alpha and beta power during the feedback message were significantly greater for men than women overall, both alpha and beta oscillations exhibited significantly lower power in all participants with OUD. Taken together, these findings suggest important gender by OUD differences in cognitive processing and reflection of performance in this simple visual task.
Artificial Urinary Sphincters for Moderate Post-Prostatectomy Incontinence: Current Research and Proposed Approach
Authors: Johnson Andrew , Mossack Spencer , Tsambarlis Peter
Published: September 2023

Male urinary incontinence is a common complication after radical prostatectomy. The severity of incontinence can be assessed in various ways and helps determine the best surgical intervention to restore continence. While most patients with mild incontinence receive a sling and those with severe incontinence receive an artificial urinary sphincter (AUS), there are no clear guidelines on how to manage patients with moderate post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI). Our discussion will focus on the current literature, which demonstrates that an AUS should be considered first-line in men with moderate PPI despite perceived concerns over complications and reintervention rates.
Arab Countries and Oncology Clinical Trials: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Al-Shamsi Humaid O. , Abu-Gheida Ibrahim , Sameh Kareem , Tahoun Nouran E. , Musallam Khaled M.
Published: September 2023

The increasing cancer burden is a major health concern in Arab countries with cross-regional variations in cancer profiles. Given the limited oncology research output and scarce data on cancer trial participation in the Arab region, this study explored the therapeutic cancer trial landscape in Arab countries over the past 20 years. A bibliometric analysis of the PubMed database was conducted on primary publications of therapeutic trials with a participating Arab center. Arab countries participated in 320 published cancer-related therapeutic trials (2000–2021). During this period, there was a consistent increase in the number of trials, sample size, multiregional site participation, and number of randomized trials. However, most trials were small, did not receive external funding, and included a single Arab site. Compared with Arab-only trials, trials with joint non-Arab sites were larger (p = 0.003) and more likely to be externally funded (p < 0.001). Citation numbers and journal impact factors were higher in trial publications with joint non-Arab authorship than those without (p < 0.001, for both). Despite improving conduct and publication records of oncology trials with Arab centers, cancer trial participation remains limited in Arab countries. Concerted efforts are required to encourage sponsorship and international collaboration in this region.
Differential Gene Expression in Activated Microglia Treated with Adenosine A2A Receptor Antagonists Highlights Olfactory Receptor 56 and T-Cell Activation GTPase-Activating Protein 1 as Potential Biomarkers of the Polarization of Activated Microglia
Authors: Lillo Alejandro , Serrano-Marín Joan , Lillo Jaume , Raïch Iu , Navarro Gemma , Franco Rafael
Published: September 2023

Microglial activation often accompanies the plastic changes occurring in the brain of patients with neurodegenerative diseases. A2A and A3 adenosine receptors have been proposed as therapeutic targets to combat neurodegeneration. RNAseq was performed using samples isolated from lipopolysaccharide/interferon-γ activated microglia treated with SCH 58261, a selective A2A receptor antagonist, and with both SCH 58261 and 2-Cl-IB-MECA, a selective A3 receptor agonist. None of the treatments led to any clear microglial phenotype when gene expression for classical biomarkers of microglial polarization was assessed. However, many of the downregulated genes were directly or indirectly related to immune system-related events. Searching for genes whose expression was both significantly and synergistically affected when treated with the two adenosine receptor ligands, the AC122413.1 and Olfr56 were selected among those that were, respectively, upregulated and downregulated. We therefore propose that the products of these genes, olfactory receptor 56 and T-cell activation GTPase-activating protein 1, deserve attention as potential biomarkers of phenotypes that occur upon microglial activation.
Climate Change Perception and Vulnerability Assessment of the Farming Communities in the Southwest Parts of Ethiopia
Authors: Gemeda Dessalegn Obsi , Korecha Diriba , Garedew Weyessa
Published: September 2023

This study assesses the perceptions and vulnerability of the farming communities to climate change in the southwestern parts of Ethiopia. Climate change vulnerability assessment is a prerequisite to designing climate change adaptation strategies. A multistage cluster sampling technique was used to select four of the six zones from the southwestern parts of Oromia. Close-ended and open-ended questionnaires were used to assess household perceptions of climate change and the degree of vulnerability to climate change by using five household capitals: natural, social, financial, physical, and human capital. Data were collected from 442 households in 4 districts: Jimma Arjo, Bako Tibe, Chewaka, and Sekoru. The vulnerability of the farming communities was assessed using the households’ livelihood vulnerability index. A total of forty indicators from five capitals were applied to calculate household livelihood vulnerability to climate change. Household perceptions of climate change had a statistically significant relationship with changes in rainfall pattern (75.6%, p < 0.001), temperature pattern (69.7%, p < 0.001), drought (41.6%, p = 0.016), flood (44.1%, p = 0.000), and occurrence of early (53.2%, p < 0.001) and late rain (55.9%, p < 0.001). The results show that households in the Sekoru district were the most vulnerable (0.61), while households in the Jimma Arjo district were less vulnerable (0.47) to the effect of climate change. Household vulnerability to climate change is mainly related to the occurrence of drought, lack of much-needed infrastructure facilities, and weak institutional support. Links with financial organizations are also lacking in the household. The findings of this study will help policymakers to address the impact of climate change. To support disaster risk management on the one hand and increase the resilience of vulnerable societies to climate change on the other, we recommend a detailed assessment of the remaining districts of the region.
Numerical Material Testing Method for Hexagonal Close-Packed Metals Based on a Strain-Rate-Independent Finite Element Polycrystal Model
Authors: Vago Giorgio , Oya Tetsuo
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop a numerical material testing method applicable to hexagonal close-packed (hcp) materials that can predict complex material behavior such as biaxial test results from relatively easy-to-perform uniaxial tests. The proposed numerical material testing method consists of a physical model that represents the macroscopic behavior of the material and a means of determining the included crystallographic parameters using macroscopic experimental data. First, as the physical model, the finite element polycrystal model (FEPM) previously applied by the authors for face-centered cubic (fcc) materials was applied and modified for hcp materials. A unique feature of the FEPM is that it avoids the use of strain-rate-dependent coefficients, whose physical meaning is ambiguous, because the deformation analysis can be performed while automatically determining the activity of all slip systems. The applicability of FEPM to numerical material testing methods was verified in hcp materials through this study. Then, a material parameter optimization process was developed using a genetic algorithm (GA). The proposed method was validated using literature values of magnesium alloy AZ31. First, the proposed optimization process was performed on cast AZ31 using uniaxial tensile and compressive stress—strain curves as teaching data to confirm that the stress—strain curves for the biaxial state could be predicted. Then, the proposed method was applied to rolled sheet AZ31, where the pseudo-anisotropic crystal orientations generated by numerical rolling were used as initial values. The prediction of unknown material data showed that, even in the case of sheets, the crystallographic parameters could be reasonably determined by the proposed optimization process.
Emergency Care and Medicine, 2023
Authors: Lunevicius Raimundas
Published: September 2023

The most recent global emergency medicine 56-question survey highlighted challenges and gaps in providing emergency care [...]
A Legal Framework for Energy-Conscious Urban Planning in Poland and Germany
Authors: Sachanbińska-Dobrzyńska Olga
Published: September 2023

This work seeks to answer the question as to whether the legal orders of Poland and Germany provide an effective framework for energy-efficient and climate-resilient urban space management. To this end, it verifies what similarities and differences exist between certain areas and whether they need reform. The starting point is the belief that legal instruments for environmentally friendly space management are a cross-border issue. Comparative studies are important because effective environmental protection knows no borders, and a lower level of protection in one country or geographic region can affect neighbouring countries and regions. The analysis of legal norms affecting such issues as passive energy construction; prevention of soil sealing and adequate ventilation; reduction of CO2 emissions; promotion of green areas; proper water management; reduction of so-called “grey energy” associated with new construction; the compact city; and a reduction of light pollution has enabled us to synthesise findings into specific conclusions and to propose postulates and directions for further research. However, this does not change the overall assessment that the legal systems of Poland and Germany enable environmentally friendly space management at a similar level, while at the same time, certain additions to the regulations and a further discussion of possible improvements are most welcome and needed.
Monkeypox Patients Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Geographic and Temporal Variations
Authors: Gandhi Aravind P. , Padhi Bijaya K. , Sandeep Mokanpally , Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Suvvari Tarun K. , Satapathy Prakasini , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Sah Ranjit , Rustagi Sarvesh , Al-Qaim Zahraa H. , Khubchandani Jagdish
Published: September 2023

This index meta-analysis estimated the pooled prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among individuals with monkeypox (mpox) globally. We searched seven databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, ProQuest, EBSCOHost, and Cochrane, for human studies published in English till 4 January 2023, as per International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration protocol (CRD42022383275). A random effects regression model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence owing to high heterogeneity. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) quality assessment tool. The systematic search yielded 677 articles; finally, 32 studies were found eligible for systematic review and 29 studies for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HIV infection was 41% (95% confidence interval [CI], 35–48). All studies were rated as fair or good quality. Studies from Europe and North America reported a high prevalence of HIV infection among individuals with mpox- 41% (95% CI 33–49) and 52% (95% CI 28–76), respectively, while studies from Nigeria, Africa reported a relatively low prevalence of HIV infection of 21% (95% CI 15–26). A history of sexual orientation and sexual partners in the last 21 days must be taken from individuals with mpox to identify the potential source and contacts for quarantining and testing them.
Transcriptome Analysis and Novel EST-SSR Marker Development for Pinus tabuliformis Seedlings from Four Provenances
Authors: Wang Ju , Guo Shuai , Zhang Yongxin , Zhang Feng , Yun Yufei , Zhang Guosheng
Published: September 2023

Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) is a conifer species endemic to the temperate, warm temperate, and semi-arid regions of China. It has important ecological and economic values, but lacks suitable molecular markers for genetic studies. In this study, we collected open-pollinated progeny seeds from four provenances: Ningcheng (Nc), Qinyuan (Qy), Weichang (Wc), and Pingquan (Pq). We sequenced the transcriptomes of open-pollinated progeny seedlings from four provenances and annotated 18,244 unigenes. We analyzed the expression of genes involved in the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), cytokinin (CTK), and gibberellin (GA) signaling pathways among the provenances. Additionally, we detected 2811 expressed sequence tag simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) loci in 2360 unigenes, with a frequency of 14.83% and an average of one locus per 14,556 base pairs (bp). We developed 10 polymorphic primers from 67 pairs and tested them on 56 samples from the four provenances. These primers exhibited moderate to high polymorphism and distinguished all samples clearly. Our study reveals variation in growth and development among open-pollinated progeny seedlings from different provenances of Chinese pine and provides novel markers for its genetic diversity study and marker-assisted breeding.
Weed Coexistence in Eucalyptus Hybrid Stands Decreases Biomass and Nutritional Efficiency Mid-Rotation
Authors: Momolli Dione Richer , Schumacher Mauro Valdir , Ludvichak Aline Aparecida , Caldeira Marcos Vinicius Winckler , Faria Júlio Cézar Tannure , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Santos Kristiana Fiorentin dos , Souza Huan Pablo de , Guimarães Claudiney do Couto , Delgado Rafael Coll
Published: September 2023

Determining the period of weed coexistence with eucalyptus stands assists in the integrated management of weed competition, which reduces the application of herbicides, economic costs, and environmental damage. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to evaluate the impact of a hybrid stand of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla trees on biomass production, the concentration and stock of macro and micronutrients, and the efficiency of nutrient utilization under different periods of coexistence with weeds. Our study is the first to report the impacts of weed management on the biomass and nutrients present in the leaves, branches, stembark, and stemwood at the time of mid-rotation (4.5 years old). The experiment was carried out in southern Brazil in the Pampa biome and followed a randomized block design, with three replications. The treatments consisted of increasing periods of coexistence with or control of weeds. The total biomass in the coexistence up to 378 days treatment was 53.7 Mg ha−1, and in the control treatment up to 168 days, it was 81.4 Mg ha−1, differing statistically. This reduction was in the order of 34%. The continuous presence of weeds led to a significant reduction in the production of wood and total biomass. The highest nutrient utilization efficiency (NUE) was observed for wood. The control of weeds for up to 168 days promoted greater productivity than controlling weeds for 378 days. This recommendation can be adopted by plantation managers for this region, reducing the amount of herbicide applied on the stand.
The Effects of Dietary Fermented Soybean Meal Supplementation on the Growth, Antioxidation, Immunity, and mTOR Signaling Pathway of Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)
Authors: Zhang Qin , Yang Qiuyue , Guo Mengjie , Li Fanghui , Qin Meilan , Xie Yi , Xu Jian , Liu Yongqiang , Tong Tong
Published: September 2023

This experiment aims to investigate the effects of partial replacement of fish meal (FM) by soybean meal (SBM) and/or fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on the growth, serum biochemistry, digestion, antioxidation, immunity, and mTOR signaling pathway of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Four iso-nitrogen and iso-lipid diets were designed and fed to four groups of juvenile coho salmon (152.25 ± 2.96 g) in triplicate for 10 weeks. The four diets were the G0 diet (control group, containing 28% FM protein), the G1 diet (containing 10% SBM protein and 18% FM protein), the G2 diet (containing 5% SBM protein, 5% FSBM protein, and 18% FM protein), and the G3 diet (containing 10% FSBM protein and 18% FM protein). It was found that compared with the G0 diet (control group), the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), pepsin, trypsin, α-amylase, and lipase, and the expression levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mtor), protein kinase B (akt), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k), plant ribosome S6K protein kinase (s6ks), and lysozyme (lyz) genes, of juvenile coho salmon fed the G3 diet increased significantly (p < 0.05), and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (tnf-α), interleukin-1β (il-1β), and interleukin-6 (il-6) genes of juvenile coho salmon fed the G3 diet decreased significantly (p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in growth, muscle composition, and serum biochemistry of juvenile coho salmon fed the G3 diet compared with the G0 diet (p > 0.05). In conclusion, replacing 10% FM protein with FSBM protein could improve the digestion, antioxidation, immunity, and mTOR signaling pathway of juvenile coho salmon.
Emissions Reduction Strategies for the Orange and Cherry Industries in New South Wales
Authors: Simmons Aaron T. , Simpson Marja , Bontinck Paul-Antoine , Golding John , Grant Tim , Fearnley Jess , Falivene Steven
Published: September 2023

The orange and cherry industries in New South Wales, Australia, are major horticulture industries with a high export value. Climate change has resulted in the carbon footprint of products being used by consumers to guide purchases meaning that products with a relatively high carbon footprint risk losing market access. The carbon footprint of cherry and orange production is unknown and there is no assessment of the success of climate change mitigation strategies to reduce the carbon footprint of their production and move production towards being carbon neutral. This study assesses the climate change mitigation potential of five management changes to on-farm cherry and orange production (revegetation, the use of nitrification inhibitors, renewable energy, green N fertilisers, and pyrolysis of orchard residues) over a 25-year period. for example, orchards in relevant growing regions. The results show that the carbon footprint of production can be reduced by 73 and 83% for cherries and oranges, respectively, when strategies that avoid emissions are included in their production. When strategies that sequester C from the atmosphere are also included, cherry and orange production becomes C negative in the first few years of the scenario. The economics of implementing these strategies are unfavourable, at present; however, our results indicate that the NSW cherry and orange industries can be confident in achieving emissions reductions in on-farm production to assure market access for their products.
Temporal Trends in Mortality from Alzheimer’s Disease in Federal District, Brazil: An Ecological Study (2010–2018)
Authors: Conceição Sarah , Carvalho Delmason , Batista Josicélia , Lyrio Amanda , Souza Elivan , Matos Paulo , Hintz Alexandre , Cruz Simone , Gomes-Filho Isaac , Figueiredo Ana
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Neuropsychiatric diseases, particularly dementias, has become more prominent with a great impact on the quality of life of the elderly population. Objective: To verify the rate of increase in mortality due to Alzheimer’s disease in the Federal District, Brazil from 2010 to 2018. Method: An ecological study was conducted, with a time series, about the evolution of the mortality coefficient in the Federal District, Brazil carried out at the Federal District State Department of Health. Mortality rates were defined as the dependent variable and years evaluated as the independent variable—from 2010 to 2018. For temporal trend analysis, the Prais–Winsten linear regression model was used and the increment rate with the respective 95% confidence interval was estimated. Results: From 2010 to 2018, 1665 deaths which had Alzheimer’s disease as the underlying cause were recorded in the Mortality Information System. The results showed an overall mortality rate of 6.55 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, with a higher predominance in females, non-Black people, and those aged 80 years or older. There was an increase in the annual trend of the overall mortality coefficient in both sexes. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated a significant increase in the temporal evolution of mortality due to Alzheimer’s disease in the Federal District, Brazil. It was recommended to conduct original studies to evaluate the factors that can cause the disease in order to collaborate in the process of formulating policies in the area of public health and improvements in clinical practice.
Phase Behavior and Defect Structure of HoBaCo2O6-δ
Authors: Yagovitin Roman E. , Tsvetkov Dmitry S. , Ivanov Ivan L. , Malyshkin Dmitry A. , Sereda Vladimir V. , Zuev Andrey Yu.
Published: September 2023

The differential scanning calorimetry study showed that the double perovskite HoBaCo2O6-δ (HBC), depending on its oxygen content, undergoes three phase transitions in the temperature range 298–773 K. Their origin was tentatively explained using the relevant literature data. For the single-phase tetragonal HBC, the oxygen nonstoichiometry dependences on the oxygen partial pressure were investigated by thermogravimetric and flow reactor methods in the intermediate-temperature range of 573–773 K. The proposed defect structure of HBC was successfully verified using the obtained data on its oxygen nonstoichiometry combined with those reported earlier. As a result, the values of the thermodynamic parameters (∆Hi∘, ∆Si∘) of the defect reactions proceeding in HBC were determined. The defect structure of HBC was shown to be similar to that of YBaCo2O6-δ (YBC) likely due to similar ionic radii of Ho3+ and Y3+.
Accuracy of Computerized Optical Impression Making in Fabrication of Removable Dentures for Partially Edentulous Jaws: An In Vivo Feasibility Study
Authors: Saravi Babak , Ilbertz Julia , Vach Kirstin , Kohal Ralf J. , Patzelt Sebastian B. M.
Published: September 2023

The use of computerized optical impression making (COIM) for the fabrication of removable dentures for partially edentulous jaws is a rising trend in dental prosthetics. However, the accuracy of this method compared with that of traditional impression-making techniques remains uncertain. We therefore decided to evaluate the accuracy of COIM in the context of partially edentulous jaws in an in vivo setting. Twelve partially edentulous patients with different Kennedy classes underwent both a conventional impression (CI) and a computerized optical impression (COI) procedure. The CI was then digitized and compared with the COI data using 3D analysis software. Four different comparison situations were assessed: Whole Jaw (WJ), Mucosa with Residual Teeth (M_RT), Isolated Mucosa (IM), and Isolated Abutment Teeth (AT). Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate group differences by quantifying the deviation values between the CIs and COIs. The mean deviations between the COIs and CIs varied significantly across the different comparison situations, with mucosal areas showing higher deviations than dental hard tissue. However, no statistically significant difference was found between the maxilla and mandible. Although COIM offers a no-pressure impression method that captures surfaces without irritation, it was found to capture mucosa less accurately than dental hard tissue. This discrepancy can likely be attributed to software algorithms that automatically filter out mobile tissues. Clinically, these findings suggest that caution is required when using COIM for prosthetics involving mucosal tissues as deviations could compromise the fit and longevity of the prosthetic appliance. Further research is warranted to assess the clinical relevance of these deviations.
Assessment of the Offensive Play in Elite Water Polo Using the Team Sport Assessment Procedure (TSAP) over an Entire Competitive Season
Authors: Perazzetti Andrea , Dopsaj Milivoj , Mandorino Mauro , Tessitore Antonio
Published: September 2023

In water polo, the team’s technical and tactical performance is determined by the sum of the players’ activities. This study aimed to investigate the playing offensive performance of an Italian First League team performed during all matches (n = 19) of the 2021/22 championship using the Team Sport Assessment Procedure (TSAP). For all subjects (n = 15), gaining possession of the ball (received balls (RB) and conquered balls (CB)) and disposing of the ball (neutral balls (NB); lost balls (LB); offensive ball (OB) and successful Shots (SS)) parameters, as well as volume of play (VP), efficiency index (EI) and performance score (PS) indexes, were analyzed in relation to the playing positions, season phase, match location and final score difference. Multiple linear regression showed a significant association between the playing position and VP and PS. Perimetral players showed the highest VP (65%) and PS (66%) values, and center defenders showed the highest values of CB (30%), while center forwards gained the highest amount of exclusion when handling the ball (48%). Although they were not significant, the other contextual factors showed that season phase and match location could affect the TSAP indexes. For water polo coaches, the TSAP represents an effective tool to assess how players interpret the match.
Religiosity and Risk: Association of Judeo-Christian Ethicality with a Sustainable Business Environment
Authors: Russell Hannah Michelle , Ariail Donald L. , Smith Katherine Taken , Smith Lawrence Murphy
Published: September 2023

Prior research has examined the relationship of religiosity to aspects of business risks, notably, the ethical environment in which business firms operate. Religiosity is connected to economic factors and societal factors. This study examines the relationship of religion-based ethics, specifically Judeo-Christian ethicality, in a country (measured by Judeo-Christian presence as a proportion of the population) to economic freedom, economic activity, gender equality, social progress, and corruption. Modern business firms, in efforts to embrace diversity, accommodate cultural factors such as religiosity, particularly so in multinational operations where diverse religions will be encountered. Findings show that Judeo-Christian ethicality has a positive relationship to factors connected to a society’s sustainable business culture—that is, more economic freedom, higher economic activity, improved gender equality, better social progress, and lower corruption.