bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Collagen Cross‐Linking Is Associated With Cardiac Remodeling in Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Bi Xuanye , Song Yanyan , Song Yunhu , Yuan Jiansong , Cui Jingang , Zhao Shihua , Qiao Shubin
Published: December 2020

Background

Collagen cross‐linking is covalent bonds among collagen fibers from catalysis of lysyl oxidase (LOX) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). We aimed to evaluate the formation of enzymatic and nonenzymatic collagen cross‐linking and its clinical significance in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.

Methods and Results

Forty‐four patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy who underwent surgical myectomy were consecutively enrolled. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance parameters of left atrial/left ventricular function were measured, including peak filling rate (PFR) and early peak emptying rate (PER‐E). Total collagen was the sum of soluble and insoluble collagen, which were assessed by collagen assay. The myocardial LOX and AGEs expression were measured by molecular and biochemical methods. Compared with patients without atrial fibrillation, insoluble collagen (
P
=0.018), insoluble collagen fraction (
P
=0.017), and AGEs (
P
=0.039) were higher in patients with atrial fibrillation, whereas LOX expression was similar (
P
=0.494). The insoluble collagen fraction was correlated with PFR index (PFR normalized by left ventricular filling volume) (r=−0.44,
P
=0.005), left atrial diameters (r=0.36,
P
=0.021) and PER‐E index (PER‐E normalized by left ventricular filling volume) (r=−0.49,
P
=0.001).Myocardial LOX was positively correlated with total collagen (r=0.37,
P
=0.025) and insoluble collagen fraction (r=0.53,
P
 < 0.001), but inversely correlated with PFR index (r=−0.43,
P
=0.006) and PER‐E index (r=−0.35,
P
=0.027). In multiple regression analysis, myocardial LOX was independently associated with PFR, while insoluble collagen fraction showed independent correlation with PER‐E after adjustment for clinical confounders.

Conclusions

Collagen cross‐linking plays an important role on heart remodeling in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Myocardial LOX expression is independently correlated with left ventricular stiffness, while accumulation of AGEs cross‐links might be associated with the occurrence of atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
Hugo Grotius’s De societate publica cum infidelibus, Justifying overseas expansionism or religious toleration?
Authors: de Wilde Marc
Published: December 2020

This article provides an analysis of an unpublished manuscript of Hugo Grotius, entitled De societate publica cum infidelibus, ‘On public partnership with infidels’. In the text, Grotius examines the legal conditions under which Christians may enter into treaties and alliances with non-Christians. Grotius’s text has been interpreted by Peter Borschberg and Martine van Ittersum as a justification of the Dutch commercial and military policies in the East Indies. However, as this article shows, Grotius probably conceived of De societate as a more general treatise, which related not only to the East Indian context, but also to the domestic debate about the legal position of non-Christians in the Dutch Republic. The same arguments that served as a justification for overseas expansionism could thus serve as a justification for religious toleration in the domestic context.
Zen and the Art of Librarianship
Authors: Barrett T. H.
Published: December 2020

This paper explores widely held misconceptions about the publishing of East Asian religious books, bibliographies and canons connected to a tradition that appears to foreswear books altogether – Zen Buddhism in China and Japan. Zen and East Asian Buddhist librarianship are also considered here in terms of a rich history of book collecting, printing, and distributing in China and in Europe.
The White Lotus Movement and the Use of Chan
Authors: ter Haar Barend J.
Published: December 2020

In this brief investigation, the author looks at the use of elements of Chan practice in Chinese religious culture in the Yuan period, with a particular focus on the White Lotus movement. The latter movement is often judged to be a Pure Land movement, but this as well as the Chan label are not very useful in understanding actual religious life and writing on the ground. Here the author assumes that the use of a speech-phrase (huatou), the anecdotes known as Public Case (gongan), and belief in a sudden enlightenment are typical of Chan practice. The famous apologist of the White Lotus movement, and Pure Land Buddhism more generally, Pudu 普度 (1255–1330) certainly shared this approach, and it seems that other adherents shared in this view. They all had a view of what Chan should be that did not even diverge very much from each other. They also felt that they were able to pronounce on what were right and wrong interpretations and did not see their own Pure Land practices and Chan practices as mutually exclusive.
Experimental and Theoretical Validations on Ternary Mixtures-II
Authors: Palaniappan L. , Nithiyanantham S.
Published: December 2020

The molecular interaction analyses have been carried out in some ternary systems at 303 K with validation of ultrasonic sound velocity. The theory which is suitable for appropriate model/theory. In this present paper the molecular interaction among the organic liquids deals with experimentally
measured values and validate with theoretical model. Finally the relative merit and demerit are discussed and interpreted.
Effect of Laser Energy on Optical and Morphological Properties of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Mohammed Kahtan A. , Habieb Azhar A. , Swary Ahmed O. , Ahilfi Dalal N. , Thbayh Dalal K.
Published: December 2020

Noble metals gold NPs are produced by pulsed (“Q-switched, 1064 nm Nd: YAG”) ablation of gold foil dipped in doubles distilled water DDW by laser. (PLAL) the process was performed with laser energy in range (400–700) mJ at (90 pulses, wavelength 1064 and room temperature
and liquid depth 9 mm. The influence of laser energies have been tested structurally, optically and morphologically and examined by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy and atomic force microscope (AFM). The absorption spectra of AuNPs are prepared in water piercing
and solitary peaks nearby 518 and 524 nm, demonstrating the assembly of clean and sphericals in shape AuNPs with the middling size in the range of (20–50) nm. SEM and AFM have established all the measurements of size.
Spiritual well-being and coronary artery diseases severity: Mediating effects of anger rumination and worry
Authors: Ramesh Somayeh , Besharat Mohammad Ali , Nough Hossein
Published: December 2020

Objective:

Biological and psychological factors contribute to coronary artery disease (CAD). The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual well-being and CAD severity and determine the mediating effects of anger rumination and worry on this relationship.

Design:

Descriptive, cross-sectional survey.

Setting:

Afshar Hospital in Yazd, Iran.

Method:

Participants were 327 patients with CAD (138 women, 189 men). Spiritual well-being, anger rumination, worry and CAD severity were measured using demographic and medical information questionnaires, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the Anger Rumination Scale, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire and Gensini method. Mediation analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro.

Results:

CAD severity was negatively correlated with spiritual well-being ( r = –.62, p < .01) and positively correlated with anger rumination ( r = .58, p < .01) and worry ( r = .33, p < .01). The relationship between spiritual well-being and CAD severity was mediated by anger rumination. The direct effect of spiritual well-being on CAD severity was statistically significant (β = –.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] [–.09, –.04]). We find a significant indirect effect of spiritual well-being on CAD severity through anger rumination (β = –.03, 95% CI [–.05, –.02]).

Conclusion:

These results highlight the potential benefits of spiritual well-being for patients with CAD to help them reduce anger rumination and, consequently, CAD severity.
Between vulnerability and resistance: Rhetorical strategies in Indigenous Canadian nonfiction
Authors: Horakova Martina
Published: December 2020

This article explores two Henry Kreisel lectures by Indigenous authors, Eden Robinson’s The Sasquatch At Home: Traditional Protocols & Modern Storytelling (2010, published 2011) and Tomson Highway’s A Tale of Monstrous Extravagance: Imagining Multilingualism (2014, published 2015), to demonstrate how Indigenous nonfiction employs complex rhetorical strategies in order to engage cross-cultural readers and address crucial issues related to contemporary Indigeneity. Both narratives are claimed to convey a fragile balance between cultural loss and cultural survival — a negotiation which is related theoretically to Judith Butler’s notions of vulnerability, precarity, and resistance, particularly to her premise that vulnerability and resistance do not have to be opposed and/or mutually exclusive but rather work in intricate relationships. The article shows that while Robinson (Haisla/Heiltsuk) combines family stories with ethnography to bear witness to both the precarity and resilience of Haisla cultural and ecological survival, Highway (Cree) presents a multimodal and multilingual performance to unsettle his audience through combining humor and confrontation. I ultimately argue that, if Indigenous writing has always expressed this duality of exposing vulnerability as well as inscribing resistance, then, it may serve as a model for transcending the binary structure powerful/powerless, a move that Butler sees as fundamental to her redefinition of vulnerability. In other words, through this optic the history of Indigenous writing is indeed a history of exploring the ways in which vulnerability and resistance relate and interweave, rather than stand in opposition.
Reliability and Validity of the Trunk Control Measurement Scale Among Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy in Tanzania
Authors: Ravizzotti Elisa , Vercelli Stefano , Pellicciari Leonardo , Furmanek Mariusz P. , Zagnoni Giulia , Piscitelli Daniele
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Trunk Control Measurement Scale (TCMS) among children with cerebral palsy (CP) who were living in Tanzania. Two physiotherapy trainees, each blinded to the other’s test findings, independently administered the TCMS to 38 children with CP (16 female; M age = 7.2, SD = 4.8 years) twice over sessions separated by a 30-day interval. We assessed internal consistency and intra/inter-rater reliability using Cronbach’s alpha and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), respectively. We examined measurement error through Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Minimal Detectable Change (MDC). We assessed construct validity with Spearman's correlation coefficient between the TCMS and both the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) and the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS). We found a frank floor effect. Internal consistency (α = 0.945) and reliability indices were excellent for the total scale (ICC for intra-rater reliability = 0.985, inter- reliability = 0.997) and for each sub-scale score. We found low values of SEM (1.7 points) and MDC (4.8 points). Construct validity was supported by moderate and strong correlations between the TCMS and the GMFCS and MACS in this sample. We conclude that the psychometric properties of the TMCS support its clinical and research use for youth with CP in low-income settings.
Evaluation of the hydrocarbon generation potential of the Pimenteiras Formation, Parnaiba Basin (Brazil) based on total organic carbon content and Rock-Eval pyrolysis data
Authors: Mussa Agostinho , Kalkreuth Wolfgang , Mizusaki Ana Maria Pimentel , González Marleny Blanco , da Silva Tais Freitas , Bicca Marcos Müller
Published: December 2020

The Parnaiba Basin is a Paleozoic to Mesozoic intraplate volcano-sedimentary basin where the Pimenteiras Formation (Devonian) is the main sequence with potential of hydrocarbon generation, mostly natural gas. The present paper evaluates the potential of hydrocarbon generation of Pimenteiras Formation based on Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis parameters. In this work, 1077 shale samples of the Pimenteiras Formation distributed in 32 wells were evaluated. The TOC content varies between 0.1 to 4.7 wt.%, partially reflecting the accumulation and preservation rates of the organic matter in marine and coastal depositional environments controlled by regressive-transgressive cycles. The oxic and anoxic conditions vary significantly with deposition in this situation, which were evidenced by HI and OI variations through sample profiles. In the north and center of the basin, the Pimenteiras Formation has a higher potential for hydrocarbon generation relative to the south, probably due to higher anoxic conditions during deposition. The Hydrogen Index indicates the predominance of kerogen types II and III with minor occurrences of types I and IV. The Tmax values indicate general immature conditions and locally postmature, where the lowest temperatures represent the basin´s burial history, whereas the higher ones were influenced by igneous intrusions and thermogenic anomalies related to the Transbrasiliano Lineament. In addition, the excessive heat around the intrusions altered the Rock-Eval pyrolysis parameters as well as the type of organic matter, resulting in a relative increase of the kerogen types III and IV, which explains the great potential for gas generation in this basin.
A Preliminary Examination of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Versus Exposure and Response Prevention for Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder on an Optimal Dose of SSRIs: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Iran
Authors: Zemestani Mehdi , Salavati Mojgan , Seyedolshohadayi Asrin , Petersen Julie M. , Ong Clarissa W. , Twohig Michael P. , Ghaderi Ebrahim
Published: December 2020

This study compared the effects of adding acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) or exposure and response prevention (ERP) to adults diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) already on an optimal and stable dose of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Forty adults on SSRIs who were diagnosed with OCD participated in a randomized controlled trial in Iran of 12 individual weekly sessions of either ACT+SSRI, ERP+SSRI, or continued SSRI only. The results showed significant reductions in OCD symptom severity in ACT+SSRI and ERP+SSRI conditions at posttreatment with significantly greater reductions in both conditions compared to SSRI-only at follow-up. Additionally, psychological inflexibility and use of thought control strategies significantly decreased in the ACT+SSRI condition at posttreatment and follow-up compared to the ERP+SSRI and SSRI conditions. Both conditions led to decreases in perceived importance of stop signals. Results provide cross-cultural support for the treatment of OCD using ACT and ERP as adjuncts to SSRI and modest process of change differences between ACT and ERP. Future directions and study limitations are discussed.
Flexible Work, Temporal Disruption and Implications for Health Practices: An Australian Qualitative Study
Authors: Sargent Ginny M , McQuoid Julia , Dixon Jane , Banwell Cathy , Strazdins Lyndall
Published: December 2020

Flexible work provisions are justified as enabling workers to manage their personal lives, including their health, around work. This study deploys social theories of practice to investigate how the temporal characteristics of flexible work can produce, alter and disrupt the health improvement efforts of workers, concentrating on healthy eating and keeping physically active. Drawing from in-depth interviews with 12 Australian workers, the study explores the temporal mechanisms linking flexible work to health practices, focusing on routines, rhythms and rituals (the three Rs). This research finds that work-time arrangements can provide the temporal scaffolding necessary for health practices (through routines, rhythms and rituals), but only when there is day-to-day, mid-term, and long-term work predictability. Australia’s flexible work policies do not provide this requisite temporal predictability. Health promoting employment provisions would have to reinstate employment standards from the 1970s, providing the desired predictability for flexible provisions to benefit workers.
An experimental and theoretical study of the abrasion performance of digital light processing parts
Authors: Kazemi Mehdi , Rahimi Abdolreza
Published: December 2020

Generally, interactions at surface asperities are the cause of wear. Two-Thirds of wear in industry occurs because of the abrasive or adhesive mechanisms. This research presents an analytical model for abrasion of additive manufactured Digital Light Processing products using pin-on-disk method. Particularly, the relationship between abrasion volume, normal load, and surface asperities’ angle is investigated. To verify the proposed mathematical model, the results of this model are verified with the practical experiments. Results show that the most influential parameters on abrasion rate are normal load and surface’s normal angle. Abrasion value increases linearly with increasing normal load. The maximum abrasion value occurs when the surface’s normal angle during fabrication is 45°. After the asperities are worn the abrasion volume is the same for all specimens with different surface’s normal angle. Though layer thickness does not directly affect the wear rate, but surface roughness tests show that layer thickness has a great impact on the quality of the abraded surface. When the thickness of the layers is high, the abraded surface has deeper valleys, and thus has a more negative skewness. This paper presents an original approach in abrasion behavior improvement of DLP parts which no research has been done on it so far; thus, bringing the AM one step closer to maturity.
In-depth gaze at the astonishing mechanical behavior of bone: A review for designing bio-inspired hierarchical metamaterials
Authors: Giorgio Ivan , Spagnuolo Mario , Andreaus Ugo , Scerrato Daria , Bersani Alberto Maria
Published: December 2020

In this review paper, some relevant models, algorithms, and approaches conceived to describe the bone tissue mechanics and the remodeling process are showcased. Specifically, we briefly describe the hierarchical structure of the bone at different levels and underline the geometrical substructure characterizing the bone itself. The mechanical models adopted to describe the bone tissue at different levels of observation are introduced in their essential aspects. Furthermore, the modeling of the evolution, including the growth and resorption of bone, is treated by analyzing the main approaches employed, namely the mechanical feedback concept and the structural optimization perspective. In this regard, the most prominent ways to model the biomechanical stimulus are summarized. The modeling of the interaction with prostheses or grafts commonly used in reconstructive surgery is also recalled. The main aim of this survey consists thereby in providing the appropriate knowledge to mimic the deeply structured hierarchy of the bone tissue for synthesizing innovative and highly performing bio-inspired metamaterials.
Clot accumulation at the tip of hemodialysis catheters in a large animal model
Authors: Tal Michael G. , Livne Ron , Neeman Rotem
Published: December 2020

Background:

The issue of side holes in the tips of the tunneled cuffed central venous catheters is complex and has been subject to longstanding debate. This study sought to compare the clotting potential of the side-hole-free Pristine hemodialysis catheter with that of a symmetric catheter with side holes.

Methods:

Both jugular veins of five goats were catheterized with the two different catheters. The catheters were left in place for 4 weeks and were flushed and locked with heparin thrice weekly. The aspirated intraluminal clot length was assessed visually prior to each flushing. In addition, the size and weight of the clot were recorded upon catheter extraction at the end of the 4-week follow-up

Results:

The mean intraluminal clot length observed during the entire study follow-up measured up to a mean of 0.66 cm in the GlidePath (95% CI, 0.14–1.18) and 0.19 cm in the Pristine hemodialysis catheter (95% CI, −0.33 to 0.71), the difference being statistically significant ( p = 0.026). On average, 0.01 g and 0.07 g of intraluminal clot were retrieved from the Pristine and GlidePath catheters, respectively ( p = 0.052).

Conclusion:

The Pristine hemodialysis catheter was largely superior to a standard side hole catheter in impeding clot formation, and, contrary to the side hole catheter, allowed for complete aspiration of the intraluminal clot.
Disrupting ableism: Strengths-based representations of disability in children’s picture books
Authors: Hayden H Emily , Prince Angela MT
Published: December 2020

Children’s literature is a powerful influence on the social construction of perceptions and narratives, and it is critically important that all children see themselves represented in the books in their classrooms. However, strength-based views of characters with a disability are rare in children’s picture books, meaning that children with a disability may not see themselves reflected in the books on their classroom shelves. Even worse, books may reinforce limiting, ableist stereotypes and myths about people with disabilities and their lives. Representing characters with disabilities in strength-based ways in children’s literature, where “the person’s own abilities and strengths are explicitly considered [and] empowerment of the person has a high priority”, could educate able-bodied students about disability, promote attitudes of acceptance and strengthen perceptions of self-worth among students with disabilities as well as their typically-developing peers. We conducted a qualitative content analysis of 34 exemplar picture books featuring a main character with a disability. Low occurrence disabilities such as visual impairment were more frequently represented than high incidence disabilities such as a specific learning disability, but the main characters in our highest rated books modelled self-awareness, agency and acceptance. These books disrupted ableist myths about disability and provided the reader with tools to push back against both implicit and explicit stereotyping, teasing and bullying. By incorporating children’s picture books with strength-based representations of disability into research and teaching for primary classroom literacy instruction, we can reinforce valuable social emotional skills that foreground respect for the humanity and dignity of all students.
Dust removal characteristics of a supersonic antigravity siphon atomization nozzle
Authors: Zhang Tian , Jing Deji , Ge Shaocheng , Wang Jiren , Chen Xi , Ren ShuaiShuai
Published: December 2020

To improve the trapping efficiency of respiratory dust by aerodynamic atomization, reduce the energy consumption and the requirements for the working conditions of nozzles and maintain the health and safety of workers, a comparative experiment evaluating aerodynamic atomization dust removal characteristics was conducted with a self-developed supersonic siphon atomization nozzle, which utilizes a Laval nozzle as the core, and an existing ultrasonic atomization nozzle. The experimental results showed that the new type of nozzle, from the perspectives of droplet speed, conservation of water and pressure, range, and attenuation view, completely surpasses the traditional pneumatic atomization nozzle. A supersonic antigravity siphon atomizer produces a cloud fog curtain composed of high-speed droplets and high-speed air. The particle size of the droplets is less than 10 µ. At the same flow rate of water, its dust removal rate is twice as high as that of ultrasonic nozzles. When the dust removal efficiency is the same, the water consumption of the supersonic siphon atomizer nozzle is 1/2, the air flow rate is 1/3, and the power consumption is 1/2 that of the ultrasonic atomizing nozzles. Siphon atomization can siphon at a total air pressure of 0.2 MPa, and the siphon pressure can reach 0.03 MPa at a total air pressure of 0.4 MPa, which increases with the increase in total inlet air pressure. For the first time, the process of siphoning and nozzle internal atomizing in the field of supersonic atomization dust removal is truly realized. The ultrafine sized droplets with high speeds produced by the new nozzle allow them to cover the limited working space in a shorter time, have a more effective trapping effect for a large number of fine dust particles, and quickly suppress the dust with greater kinetic energy. Therefore, the requirements for the working conditions are reduced, which will save more energy compared to the currently used nozzles available on the market.
Relative Impact of Domestic and Foreign Public Debt on Economic Growth in South Africa
Authors: Saungweme Talknice , Odhiambo Nicholas M.
Published: December 2020

This paper investigates the debt-growth nexus by testing both the impact of aggregate public debt on economic growth and the relative impact of domestic and foreign public debt on economic growth using South Africa as the case study—from 1970 to 2017. Based on the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique, the findings reveal that the impact of aggregated public debt on economic growth in South Africa is statistically significant and negative, both in the short run and in the long run. The results further reveal that domestic public debt and economic growth have a statistically significant and positive relationship in the short run only. Furthermore, foreign public debt has a statistically significant and negative relationship with economic growth but only in the long run. Therefore, the study recommends the government to manage effectively its debt and to finance long-term high-returning productive investments that should translate into economic growth. Finally, the study cautions the country against growing public debt, predominantly foreign debt, to finance its increasing recurrent expenditure needs.
Bias and discrimination against men with overweight in the military
Authors: Christian Andrew , Parekh Bina , Koritzky Gilly
Published: December 2020

Research on weight-bias against men and/or in the military is scarce. Such a bias might cause some military members, who are otherwise fit to perform their duties, to suffer from discrimination and undue stress. We showed military personnel a picture of a soldier who had either normal weight or overweight. In both conditions, the description of the soldier stated that his physical fitness and job-related skills were good. Nonetheless, the soldier’s suitability for promotion was rated lower in the overweight condition. These findings improve our understanding of the impact of bias on the mental and physical health of men with overweight.
Effect of subconcussive impacts on functional outcomes over a single collegiate football season
Authors: Walter Alexa E , Scaramuzzo Madeleine , Bream Tim , Seidenberg Peter , Lynch Scott , Slobounov Semyon M
Published: December 2020

Context

In collision sports, particularly American football, athletes can accumulate thousands of subconcussive impacts, or head acceleration events (HAEs), across a single season; however, the short-term consequences of these impacts are not well understood.

Objective

To investigate the effects of the accumulation of impacts during practices on cognitive functions over a single football season.

Design

Prospective observational study.

Setting

Athletic training room and University laboratory.

Participants

Twenty-three NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision players.

Main outcome measures

Helmet accelerometers during practices and virtual reality testing (VR; balance, reaction time, spatial memory) before and after the season.

Results

Preseason had the majority of ≥80 G impacts while during the season had the majority of ≥25 G to <80 G impacts and positional differences showed that linemen had the majority of both types. Virtual reality analysis revealed that scores significantly decreased after the season for spatial navigation ( p < 0.05) but not for balance or reaction time. Significant correlations ( p < 0.05) were found between cognitive measures and player demographic variables.

Conclusions

Even in the absence of clinical symptoms and concussion diagnosis, repetitive impacts may cause cognitive alterations. Documenting the distribution of impact quantity and intensity as a function of time and position may be considered by coaches and clinicians to reduce the accumulation of impacts in athletes exposed in contact sports.
Synthetic Biodegradable Polymers with Chain End Modification: Polylactide, Poly(butylene succinate), and Poly(hydroxyalkanoate)
Authors: Chanthaset Nalinthip , Ajiro Hiroharu
Published: December 2020

Of the various synthetic biodegradable polymers, polylactide, poly(butylene succinate), and poly(hydroxyalkanoate) have been widely studied and developed. This review focuses on studies of the chain end modification of these polymers. The selected research was categorized into initiators, chain end modification, including chain extending, and the degradation reaction. We cover the recent literature on this topic, and discuss the developing trends and challenges of biodegradable polymers.
ОБСЛЕДОВАНИЕ КАРДИОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ БОЛЬНЫХ НА ПРЕДМЕТ ВЫЯВЛЕНИЯ ГАСТРОКАРДИАЛЬНОГО СИНДРОМА РЕФЛЮКС-ЭЗОФАГИТА (ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР)
Authors: Khorobrykh Tatyana Vitalievna , Voevodina Anna Alexsadrovna
Published: December 2020

Цель. Проанализировать литературные данные об особенностях обследования кардиологических больных на наличие у них осложнённых форм рефлюкс-эзофагита, в том числе гастрокардиального синдрома.Заключение. В статье рассмотрены современные методы инструментальной диагностики, используемые для диагностики у кардиологического больного рефлюкс-эзофагита, осложнённого гастрокардиальным синдромом. Отмечено, что реализация дифференциального подхода в обследовании кардиологического больного на предмет выявления у него рефлюкс-эзофагита, осложнённого гастрокардиальным синдромом, возможна путём комплексного одновременного применения нескольких методов исследования. Использование комплексного сочетания методов инструментальной диагностики будут способствовать получению более содержательных и достоверных результатов, направленных на исключение вероятности несвоевременного диагностирования у кардиологических больных рефлюкс-эзофагита, осложнённого гастрокардиальным синдромом, его проявлений различного характера, от своевременности которого, в свою очередь, зависит своевременная постановка правильного диагноза, а также выбор оптимальной тактики лечения.
ПИРИБЕДИЛ: ПОКАЗАНИЯ ДЛЯ НАЗНАЧЕНИЯ В ПСИХИАТРИИ И НАРКОЛОГИИ
Authors: Bykov Yuriy Vitalievich , Bekker Roman Alexandrovich
Published: December 2020

Цель исследования. Представить читателю данные о рецепторном профиле и спектре фармакологической активности пирибедила (исторически первого не эрголинового агониста D2 и D3 подтипов дофаминовых рецепторов), о механизмах его терапевтического эффекта, о показаниях к его применению в психиатрии и наркологии (т.е., за пределами изначального его показания в неврологии при лечении болезни Паркинсона), и о доказательной базе для его применения при различных психических и наркологических расстройствах.Методология проведения работы. Мы провели поиск и изучение литературных данных о пирибедиле в поисковых системах и базах данных PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Ki Database, с использованием соответствующих ключевых слов.Результаты. Найденные нами в ходе составления настоящего обзора литературные данные свидетельствуют о том, что пирибедил может обладать, помимо антипаркинсонических свойств, также антидементным, прокогнитивным (ноотропным), антиамнестическим, антидепрессивным, анксиолитическим, анальгетическим, сосудорасширяющим (особенно в отношении церебральных сосудов) эффектами. Он также способен снижать секрецию пролактина и ряда других стрессовых гормонов. Эти свойства пирибедила могут обуславливать его эффективность в составе комплексной терапии различных форм деменций, лёгких и умеренных когнитивных нарушений, депрессивных и тревожных расстройств, синдрома дефицита внимания и гиперактивности, соматоформных и других хронических болевых расстройств, синдрома деперсонализации-дереализации, а также в качестве корректора побочных эффектов антипсихотиков и средства, уменьшающего негативную симптоматику, при лечении шизофрении и расстройств шизофренического спектра.Область применения результатов. Результаты этого обзора заслуживают самого широкого применения в психиатрии, наркологии и неврологии.
THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF ENGINEERING CREATIVITY IN STUDENTS OF MILITARY INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Ruff Grigory , Sidorina Tatyana
Published: December 2020

The troops of the national guard of the Russian Federation are equipped with modern models of weapons, special equipment, Informatization tools, engineering weapons that have artificial intelligence in their composition are being developed, " etc., which causes an increase in the requirements for the quality of professional training of future officers. The increasing complexity of military professional activities, the avalanche-like increase in information, the need to develop the ability to quickly and accurately make and implement well-known and own engineering solutions in an unpredictable military environment demonstrates that the most important tasks of modern higher education are not only providing graduates with a system of fundamental and special knowledge and skills, but also developing their professional independence, and this led to the concept of engineering and creative potential in the list of professionally important qualities of an officer. To expedite a special mechanism system compact intense clarity through cognitive visualization of the educational material, thickening of educational knowledge through encoding, consolidation and structuring Principle of cognitive visualization stems from the psychological laws in accordance with which the efficiency of absorption is increased if visibility in training does not only illustrative, but also cognitive function, which leads to active inclusion, along with the left and right hemispheres of the student in the process of assimilation of information, based on the use of logical and semantic modeling, which contributes to the development of engineering and creative potential.
Fen Eğitiminde Kavram Öğretimi Konulu Araştırmaların Sistematik Derleme Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi
Authors: ALKIŞ KÜÇÜKAYDIN Menşure
Published: December 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, son 15 yıllık dönemde fen eğitiminde kavram öğretimi konusunda yürütülen araştırmaların yönünün belirlenmesi ve ortaya çıkan sonuçlara dayanarak kavram öğretimi konusundaki gelişmelerin tanıtılmasını sağlamaktır. Çalışmada 2005-2020 yılları arasında Türkiye’de fen eğitiminde kavram öğretimi konulu 42 makale ile 15 lisansüstü tez olmak üzere toplam 57 araştırma, incelemeye alınmıştır. Araştırmalar; yayın yılı, yayın türü, amaç, yöntem/desen, örneklem, veri toplama araçları, fende kavram öğretiminde tercih edilen yöntem/teknik, veri analiz yöntemi, incelenen konu, sonuç ve öneri temalarına uygun olarak incelenmiştir. İncelemeler; kavram öğretim tekniklerinin neredeyse hepsiyle ilgili deneysel çalışmaların yürütülmüş olduğunu, bu nedenle de araştırma amaçlarının çeşitlendiğini, araştırmaların çoğunlukla ortaokul öğrencileriyle yürütüldüğünü, genellikle 2-3 aşamalı başarı ya da kavram testlerinin kullanıldığını, kavram haritalarına oldukça geniş bir yer verildiğini ve kavram yanılgıları üzerine yoğunlaşıldığını göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak kavram öğretiminin STEM uygulamaları ile bütünleştirilmesi, ilkokul yıllarından itibaren kavram öğretimi konulu tasarım çalışmalarının yapılması, bilgisayar ya da web tabanlı uygulama tekniklerinin bilişüstü becerilere ve 21. yüzyıl becerilerine olan etkilerinin incelenmesi konusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Existence, symmetry breaking bifurcation and stability of two-dimensional optical solitons supported by fractional diffraction
Authors: Li Pengfei , Li Rujiang , Dai Chaoqing
Published: December 2020

We study existence, bifurcation and stability of two-dimensional optical solitons in the framework of fractional nonlinear Schrödinger equation, characterized by its Lévy index, with self-focusing and self-defocusing saturable nonlinearities. We demonstrate that the fractional diffraction system with different Lévy indexes, combined with saturable nonlinearity, supports two-dimensional symmetric, antisymmetric and asymmetric solitons, where the asymmetric solitons emerge by way of symmetry breaking bifurcation. Different scenarios of bifurcations emerge with the change of stability: the branches of asymmetric solitons split off the branches of unstable symmetric solitons with the increase of soliton power and form a supercritical type bifurcation for self-focusing saturable nonlinearity; the branches of asymmetric solitons bifurcates from the branches of unstable antisymmetric solitons for self-defocusing saturable nonlinearity, featuring a convex shape of the bifurcation loops: an antisymmetric soliton loses its stability via a supercritical bifurcation, which is followed by a reverse bifurcation that restores the stability of the symmetric soliton. Furthermore, we found a scheme of restoration or destruction the symmetry of the antisymmetric solitons by controlling the fractional diffraction in the case of self-defocusing saturable nonlinearity.
RİSK ALTINDAKİ ÇOCUKLAR ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME (MUŞ İLİ ÖRNEĞİ)
Authors: DÖNMEZ İsmail , DOĞAN Hüseyin
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi genelinde ve Muş ili özelinde risk altındaki çocuklara yönelik risk faktörlerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Muş il ve ilçe merkezinde ortaöğretim (9.,10.,11. ve 12. sınıf) kademesine devam etmekte olan 584 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmaya 463 (%79,3) kız, 121 (%20,7) erkek öğrenci katılmıştır. Ölçme araçlarını risk faktörleri formu ve sanal risk faktörleri ölçeği oluşturmaktadır. Elde edilen verilerinin çözümlenmesinde frekans, yüzde tabloları, bağımsız örneklem t testi ve tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, ihmal/istismar mağduru çocuklar, özel gereksinimi olan çocuklar, sağlık sorunları olan çocuklar ve çalışan/çalıştırılan çocuklar risk altındaki gruplar olduğu görülmüştür. Bu risk faktörlerinin bölgenin sosyo-ekonomik düzeyinin düşük olması ile ilişki olduğu görülmektedir. Sanal risk algısı incelendiğinde kız çocukların sanal olanaklardan yoksun oldukları görülmektedir. Bu nedenle belirlenen sorunlar çerçevesinde sorunların çözümüne yönelik toplumsal kalkınmayı sağlayacak ekonomik iyileştirmeler, yeni iş alanlarının açılması, hane halkının gelir düzeyinin arttırılmasının risk faktörlerini engellemede etkili olacağı düşünülmektedir.
ROL ÇATIŞMASININ DUYGUSAL İŞ GÜVENCESİZLİĞİNE ETKİSİNDE ÖZ KONTROLÜN DÜZENLEYİCİ ROLÜ
Authors: PELENK Saadet Ela , ACARAY Ali
Published: December 2020

Yoğun iş temposu içerisinde çalışanın hissettiği rol çatışması, iş ile ilgili birçok görev ve sorumluluğu yerine getiremeyip suçluluk duymasına neden olabilir. Çalışanın bu negatif duygu ve düşünceleri kontrol etmesi, motivasyon durumunu yükselterek iş performansını arttırabilir. Bu araştırma, iş güvencesizliği kavramını “psikolojik bir tepki” olarak incelemiştir. Bu bağlamda, çalışanın algıladığı rol çatışması, iş güvencesizliği hissetmesine neden olabilir. Çalışanın rol çatışması algısı ile hissettiği iş güvencesizliği (duygusal), duygu ve düşüncelerini kontrol edebilmesinden (öz kontrol) etkilenebilir. Çünkü bilişsel (zihinsel) bir yetenek ile ilgili olan rol çatışması, iyi yönetilmediğinde duygusal tepkilere neden olabilmektedir (duygusal iş güvencesizliği). Araştırmanın temel problemi, rol çatışmasının duygusal iş güvencesizliğine etkisinde öz kontrolün düzenleyici rolü olup olmadığıdır. Bu doğrultuda araştırmanın amacı, rol çatışmasının duygusal iş güvencesizliğine etkisinde öz kontrolün düzenleyici rolünü incelemektir. Bu amaçla, İstanbul’da yer alan büyük ölçekli iki sigorta şirketinin genel merkez ve şubelerinde görevli 199 sigorta çalışanı ile anket yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, çoklu regresyon tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda; rol çatışmasının duygusal iş güvencesizliğini pozitif etkilediği, ayrıca rol çatışmasının duygusal iş güvencesizliğine etkisinde öz kontrolün düzenleyici rolüne sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
RAISING FAIR INDIVIDUALS WHO CAN ENSURE ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE: THE CASE OF FARABI
Authors: ÇAMLI Ahmet Yavuz
Published: December 2020

Justice is one of the most discussed topics from archaic societies to the present day. Justice, is a superior principle that is needed at every stage of social life. Justice is also important for the employees of companies operating in the business world. The concept of organizational justice, which expresses the fair design of individuals' business relationships, is a reflection of this process. Although much significance is attached to this concept, there is no serious research on how to raise fair individuals who will internalize this in practical life and actually do it. In this study, it is aimed to contribute to the mentioned shortcoming. Opinions of the famous Islamic philosopher Farabi were taken as a basis. The most important factor in raising the fair individual is education. In education, the role of parents and teachers are very important. Vocational and character education must be together in this process.
GERÇEKÇİ TÜRK SİNEMASINDAKİ KÖY GERÇEKLİĞİNİN KÖY BELGELERİYLE KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI (1961-1971)
Authors: AKDAĞ Menderes
Published: December 2020

Rus edebiyatında görülen realizmin Rus Devrimi’ne giden süreçte de etkili olduğu söylenebilir. Çünkü realizm insanları kendi gerçekliğiyle yüzleştirmektedir. Bu durumun insanları harekete sevk ettiği düşünülebilir. Rus devrimi sonrası aynı realist çizgiyi erken dönem Rus sinemacıları da göstermiştir. Türkiye’de realist eğilimler öncelikle edebiyatta başlamıştır. Bu durum 1961 anayasasının getirmiş olduğu nispi özgürlük ortamında Türk sinemasına da yansımıştır. Gerçekçi Türk sineması denilen bu dönemde önemli filmler çekilmiştir. Makalemizde bu sinema çerçevesinde çekilen köy filmlerinde sunulan gerçeklik o günkü köy belgeleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Yöntem olarak söz konusu sinemayla ilgili çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Ardından o döneme ait bir film seçkisi oluşturularak bu filmler izlenmiştir. Köy belgeleriyle dönemin kimi gazeteleri taranmış, buralardan elde edilen bilgilerle okuma ve film izleme sonucu elde edilen bulgular karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak filmlerde sunulan gerçekliğin köy evraklarındaki gerçekliğe yakın olduğu görülmüştür. Bu filmlerin o dönemi anlamak için birer kaynak olarak kullanılabileceği düşüncesi oluşmuştur.
ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN GÖZÜNDEN COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNDE UZAKTAN EĞİTİME GEÇİŞ DENEYİMİ
Authors: SALTÜRK Aylin , GÜNGÖR Cumhur
Published: December 2020

Bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin COVID-19 küresel salgını nedeniyle acil bir çözüm olarak yükseköğretim kurumlarınca geçiş yapılan uzaktan eğitim uygulamasına ilişkin görüşlerini ve süreç sırasındaki akademik motivasyonlarını etkileyen faktörleri değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Betimsel tarama modelinin kullanıldığı bu çalışmada, veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan Kişisel Bilgi Formu ve araştırma amacına uygun olarak araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen COVID-19 Sürecinde Uzaktan Eğitimi Değerlendirme Anketi ile COVID-19 Sürecinde Akademik Motivasyon Anketi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 2019-2020 eğitim öğretim yılında Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi’nin farklı bölümlerinde öğrenim gören ve salgın sırasında üniversite tarafından verilen uzaktan eğitime katılan 325 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. SPSS 21 paket programından yararlanılarak veriler çözümlenmiş ve her bir anket maddesi ile ilgili olarak üniversite öğrencilerinin görüşlerinin frekans (f) ve yüzde (%) değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular (i) uzaktan eğitim deneyimine ilişkin öğrencilerin görüşleri, (ii) akademik motivasyonu etkileyen faktörler, (iii) çalışma alışkanlıklardaki değişimler ve (iv) uzaktan eğitim süresince ders dışında yapılan faaliyetler başlıkları altında tartışılmıştır.
ÇAĞDAŞ SANAT VEYA ÖZNESİNİ YİTİREN SANAT: SANATÇININ ÖLÜMÜ
Authors: BİÇER OLGUN Hülya , OLGUN Cem Koray
Published: December 2020

Çağdaş görsel sanat eserleri özellikleri, nitelikleri ve temsil gücü bakımından klasik ile modern estetik ve sanat anlayışından farklı bir anlayışı temsil etmektedirler. Çağdaş görsel sanat eserleri sanat izleyicileri tarafından anlaşılmak için haklarında yazılan açıklayıcı metinlere gereksinim duymaktadırlar. Ancak çağdaş sanat eserlerinin anlamlarının inşa edilmesi sürecinde rol alan aktörlerin yazdıkları bu metinler, sanat eserinin ait olduğu sanatçı ile sanat eseri arasında anlamsal bir kopuş yaratmaktadır. Sanat eserine sanatçı dışındaki aktörler tarafından bağlam, yorum ve anlam atfedilmesi bir özne olarak sanatçıyı dışarıda bırakmaktadır. Bu durum Roland Barthes’ın yazarın ölümü olarak bahsettiği bağlamda sanatçının ölümü anlamına gelmektedir. Böylece bu çalışmanın amacı günümüz çağdaş görsel sanat alanında üretilen sanat çalışmalarına anlam, bağlam üretilmesi sürecinin bir özne olarak sanatçıdan uzaklaşması ve sanat eseri ile sanatçı arasında ortaya çıkardığı sonuçları incelemek ve tartışmaktır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmanın kuramsal dayanakları olarak Roland Barthes, Umberto Eco ve Jean Baudrillard’ın yaklaşımlarından faydalanılmaktadır.
Examining the Application of Mobile Phone in Business Practice Among Small Scale Businesses in Tamale Metropolis
Authors: ABUBAKARI ABDUL-RAZAK
Published: December 2020

This research examined the application of mobile phone in business practice among small scale businesses in Tamale metropolis. A quantitative research approach was adopted and the target population was users of mobile money application among Small Scale Businesses in Tamale Metropolis. The general objective of the study is to examining the application of mobile phones in business practice among Small Scale Businesses in Tamale metropolis. It is found out by the researcher that usually people use it to transact business that is making and receiving money as payment. Hence, it is established that mobile phone gives them opportunity to keep records as evidence. The research revealed that, mobile money is noted to facilitate and speed up transaction of businesses. Also, it is found out that, it enhances convenience of handling resources effectively. It is established that, monies in the mobile phone are safer and remain safe even if the mobile device is lost. It is clearly indicated that many people lose their monies every now and then from fraudsters through the introduction of mobile money. The study shows that technological changes are some of the factors Small Scale Businesses faced. To optimize the benefits to be realized from mobile money application in businesses, there is the need to overcome the challenges of the application among small scale businesses.