bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Sesin Şiiri Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: Eryılmaz Sevde Merve , Yıldırım Oğuz
Published: April 2024

Yorumun bir sınırı ve ölçüsü olması gerektiğini savunan Umberto Eco, Yorum ve Aşırı Yorum isimli eserinde bir metne üç açıdan bakılarak yorumlama yapılabileceğine dikkat çeker. Bunlar; yazarın niyeti (intentio auctoris), okurun niyeti (intentio lectoris) ve metnin niyetidir (intentio operis). Bizce bu üç okuma biçimi arasında en geçerli olanı ise metnin niyetidir. Zira bir şiir şairinin elinden çıktıktan sonra artık yalnızca ne şaire ne de okura aittir. Artık o farklı yorumlamalara açıktır. Bu noktadan hareketle bu çalışmada, metin merkezli bir okuma yapılarak Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Sesin isimli şiiri incelenmiştir. İnceleme esnasında şiir önce zaman ekseni doğrultusunda okunmuş yer yer de dizelerde geçen kelimelerin sözlük anlamlarına müracaat edilmiştir. İnceleme neticesinde şu sonuca ulaşılmıştır: Ahmet Hamdi Tanpınar’ın Sesin şiiri birinci tekil şahıs ağzından yazılmıştır. Şiirin ilk iki üçlüğünde anlatıcı bir hayâl âleminde yaşamaktadır, bir “rüyâ”da gibidir. Son iki dörtlükte ise özne, bu “rüya”dan uyanmış ve “dünya”da, gerçekte olmanın ızdırabını yaşamıştır. Şiirde öznenin kullandığı “ses” ise dünyaya, gerçeklere karşı bir çırpınıştır. Özne hülyadan uyandığı an bir hatıra bırakmak istemiş ve ölüme giderken ölümsüz olma aracı olarak “ses”i kullanmıştır.
Shauri, Images of Arabs, and Representation of Colonial Hierarchies in the Visual Sources of German East Africa
Authors: Banshchikova Anastasia
Published: April 2024

The article deals with the display of colonial hierarchies in the shauri scene (in German colonial practice shauri was a council, a meeting of the administration of the colony and local residents, where the decisions of the administration were announced and brought to the attention of the population; a court and other meetings with the participation of locals were called shauri too) in the visual sources of the German East Africa, namely on postcards, in photography, sketches, illustrations of memoirs, and on the so-called trading cards. Studying of these sources shows that the position in space and postures of shauri participants are never random: they demonstrate dominance, the presence of might, or, conversely, subordination, and reflect the balance of power that is relevant both for specific participants in the meeting and sometimes for the entire region. Significantly, in this expression of dominance, the Arab-Swahili component of the German East Africa population occupies a special place. Artistic and compositional means emphasize the significant influence of Arabs and Arabized Swahili on shauri; sources depicting them outside the council scenes also demonstrate visual superiority over African inhabitants of the colony. It turned out that there are stable contexts in which Arabs appear in the visual sources, notably in the scenes depicting trade, markets, and slave trade. The constant topos of Arabs’ connection with slavery and their role as brutal slave traders in German verbal and visual colonial discourse is also embodied in the shauri scenes and in the general visual material. These sources allow us to trace the reflection of the racialized and hierarchized picture of the world of both the German colonialists and the local Arab and Arab-Swahili elite.
أساليب معاوية بن ابي سفيان في تجهيل المجتمع الشامي
Authors: اركان حميد زياد م.د
Published: April 2024

تناولت هذه الدراسة ظاهرة اجتماعية خطيرة هدفت من خلالها السلطة الاموية متمثلة بشخص معاوية بن ابي سفيان عبر اساليب مختلفة الى تجهيل المجتمع الشامي بغية السيطرة عليه، وكانت اولى تلك الاساليب عزل الشام فكرياُ عن محيطه الاسلامي، واسقاط الرمزية الاسلامية، ونشر الحديث المختلق، وسياسة المكر والخديعة، وتشجيع اهل القصص فضلاً عن المنفعة التي تحصلت من تشجيعه لمبادئ فرقتي المرجئة والجبرية اللتين دعمتا نظامه السياسي وبررتا كل اخطائه التي ارتكبها.
دور إنتربول وتشریعات الدول العربیة في مکافحة "الذئاب المنفردة" المتعلقة بالإرهاب
Authors: مهدي خاقاني إصفهاني د.
Published: April 2024

بالرغم من جميع الجهود المبذولة فقد بات المجتمع الدولي في السنوات القليلة الماضية هدفاً لحملات تجنيد العناصر الإرهابية عن طريق المواقع الالكترونية مستغلة بذلك التطور الحاصل في التكنولوجيا الحديثة حيث تعتمد التنظيمات الإرهابية على أساليب ممنهجة في التجنيد الالكتروني واهمها أسلوبي الترغيب والتحريض حيث أصبح للتنظيمات الإرهابية إضافة للأسلوب الجديد، "جيل جديد من الارهابيين" الذين ينفذون العمليات الإرهابية دون قيادة ودون وجود أية رابطة مع المنظمات الإرهابية إضافة إلى انتفاء الرابط العملياتي معهم وحتى مع قيام الشخص بالعملية الإرهابية عن طريق الاتصال عبر الإنترنت أو الاتصال بالآخرين شخصياً أو كان مولعاً بتنظيم إرهابي، أو كان يجد نفسه ناشطا فيها، فطالما لم يكن هنالك مشاركة للمنظمة الإرهابية خلال مراحل الدعم اللوجستي او التحضير او التخطيط، سوف يصنف الهجوم على أنه "هجوم ذئب منفرد"، وتأسيساً على ما تقدم نجد أنه على الرغم من خسارة ما يسمى "الدولة الإسلامية" الأراضي التي استحوذت عليها في العراق وسوريا وقيامها بتوجيه ضربات الى العمق التنظيمي لأدارتها الا انها لاتزال تشكل تهديداً للأمن على المستوى الإقليمي والدولي.

إعتمدت هذه الدراسة علی المنهج الوصفي والتحلیلي و توصّلت إلی عدة نتائج، منها أنّ يتمّ تجنيد معظم عملاء الذئاب المنفردين من المدارس السلفية في أوروبا أو أولئك الذين حصلوا على اللجوء السياسي، ومؤخراً، يتم تجنيد الأشخاص أيضًا عبر الإنترنت. الذكاء الاصطناعي يجعل هذا الامتصاص أكثر دقة. يحمل معظم المجندين الجنسية الأوروبية ، لكنهم من الجيل الثاني والثالث من المهاجرين الذين يقعون عمومًا ضحايا للتمييز ويعانون أحيانًا من اضطرابات عقلية. ومع ذلك، فإن انتشار "الذئاب المنفردة" لا علاقة له بالتطرف الديني، ولا بسبب الصدمة النفسية الخطيرة للدول التي مزقتها الحروب. أي شخص، لأي سبب حقيقي أو وهمي، إذا شعر على نحو لا يطاق أنه انتهك حقوق الإنسان الأساسية بشكل صارخ ومنهجي، فلديه أسباب لارتكاب جريمة إرهابية على شكل "ذئب وحيد".
An Analysis of the Definitions and Components of Science Career Aptitude in Science Education
Authors: Lee Su-Min , Kwon Yong-Ju
Published: April 2024

The most fundamental consideration when student’s selecting a science-related career is aptitude for science. Therefore, this study analyzed the definitions and components of each concept presented in literature related to science, career, and aptitude. Then, using the 2022 revised science curriculum and the PISA 2025 science framework, we derived the definitions and components of science career aptitude. According to the analysis results, science means both understanding and generating knowledge about natural phenomena. And, a career is defined as both personal life and work. In addition, we concluded that aptitude is the potential to acquire and develop specific abilities in an appropriate environment. Therefore, science career aptitude can be described as the potential to acquire and develop the ability to understand and generate knowledge about natural phenomena in one’s life and work. In this view, science career aptitude in science education can be defined as the cognitive and noncognitive potential to acquire and develop the ability to understand and generate scientific knowledge in life and work. The results of this study may be contributed to provide a criteria for the diagnosis and evaluation of science career aptitude.
Analysis of Summative Evaluation Questions for Life Science I based on the Understanding Aspects of Wiggins & McTighe
Authors: Lee Jeonghyeon , Lim Soo-min , Kim Youngshin
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the Life Science Ⅰ summative evaluation questions in aspects of Wiggins & McTighe's understanding. For this purpose, we collected evaluation questions for Life Science I conducted regularly from 2019 to 2022 in 12 high schools in Metropolitan D. There were a total of 4,289 collected summative evaluation questions. Based on the understanding aspect analysis framework, the summative evaluation questions were classified into frequencies by year and unit, and the statistical differences in the understanding aspect frequency by year and unit were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. First, the Life Science I summative evaluation questions are focused only on some aspects of understanding. Second, there was no change in the evaluation strategy for Life Science I. Based on this, it will expected that the evaluation of life sciences conducted in the 2022 revised science curriculum will be evaluated on more diverse aspects rather than focusing only on the aspects of explanation and application. In addition, it will expected that not only the basic concepts will be acquired, but also an evaluation that is appropriate for the characteristics of the unit and changes over time.
An Analysis of Examination Question Trends in the field of Biology Education on Secondary Biology Teacher Appointment Examination from 2014 to 2024
Authors: Jeong Jin-su , Kim Yong-Seong
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze the examination trend of questions related to the field of biology education among the questions of the secondary biology teacher appointment examination from 2014 to 2024. The analysis of examination question trends was conducted by using the contents of the evaluation area and the sub-evaluation content elements of the biology subject suggested by the Korea Institute for Curriculum Evaluation (KICE) as a framework. The results of the study are as follows. First, only 75% of the evaluation content elements were linked to the set questions, and it was found that only biology teaching-learning theory, biology teaching-learning practice, and biology teaching-learning evaluation areas had questions linked to all evaluation content elements. Second, the biology teachinglearning theory, biology teaching-learning practice, and biology inquiry areas accounted for 67% of the total questions. Third, it was found that no question was set in the biology education environment and support area. These results show that the secondary biology teacher appointment exam is biased towards certain areas and evaluation content elements. Furthermore, since the evaluation area and evaluation content elements also affect the education for the professionalism of prospective biology teachers, it shows the need to comprehensively review and improve the content of the evaluation area and evaluation content elements, considering teachers’ competency and educational factors for the successful progress of field education.
Are Robot Conductors Here To Stay ?
Authors: Salvaggio Salvino A.
Published: April 2024

This brief note explores the transformative potential of robotic and virtual conductors in enhancing orchestral performances, highlighting their role as innovative tools that complement human creativity and reshape management strategies within the music industry.
Climate activism
Authors: Gruener Sven , Angelova Denitsa
Published: April 2024

Climate activism encompasses movements that intentionally utilize legal and/or illegal forms of protest to raise awareness of the causes and consequences of climate change, calling upon society to take action.
Exploring Interstellar Communication through Gravitational Anomalies
Authors: Beoulve Skyknight
Published: April 2024

This paper proposes a novel approach to interstellar communication by exploring the potential of gravitational anomalies as a messaging medium. Existing data on Earth-Moon and Earth-Mars gravitational fields, obtained from resources like NASA's Planetary Data System (PDS), will be utilized. Advanced modeling techniques will be employed to understand how information encoded in light pulses might interact with these anomalies. This research seeks collaboration with esteemed institutions like the Aldrin Foundation to combine their expertise in space exploration and advanced communication technologies with a fresh perspective on gravitational communication methods. A successful collaboration holds the potential to revolutionize interstellar communication and deepen our understanding of gravity's role in information transmission.
Enhancing Lung Cancer Screening Efficacy: A Comparative Analysis of YOLO in an AI-based Pipeline
Authors: Ali Yusra Ashfaque , gupta Diya , Gupta Palak , jain Menel , Saini Sanyam , bhinwal Akshay , Pandey Shrishty , Agarwal Palaash , Rawal Kamal
Published: April 2024

Early detection of lung cancer is critical to improve patient outcomes. In this review, the You Only Look Once (YOLO) deep learning object detection algorithm within AI pipelines for lung cancer screening will be evaluated. Such as automated nodule detection, real-time processing on chest CT scans and potentially improved sensitivity compared to traditional methods are provided by YOLO. Nonetheless, it is necessary to resolve issues such as imprecise localisation of small nodules and false positives. This review also highlights the integration of YOLO into AI pipelines for lung cancer finding, data quality considerations, bias mitigation, and radiologists’ role in interpreting YOLO predictions. Lung cancer screening efficiency and accuracy can be enhanced, possibly saving lives by early detection and refining YOLO to effectively integrate it within AI pipelines.
Clinical and Ethical Contextualization of the Evidence Synthesis Report "Cannabis in Chronic Pain" of the Uruguayan Agency for the Evaluation of Health Technologies – AETSU 2022
Authors: Cubillos Paola , Peyraube Raquel , Flores Noelia
Published: April 2024

In 2022, the Uruguayan Health Technology Evaluation Agency (AETSU) published an evidence synthesis report in which the results of randomized controlled clinical studies that have used different cannabinoid-based products for the treatment of chronic pain were analyzed; the authors concluded that "current evidence does not show that, in patients with chronic pain under standard treatment, the addition of medicinal cannabis is effective in reducing the intensity of pain compared to placebo." In the present review, we aim to critically appraise the results from that report, highlighting strengths and weaknesses and contrasting its results with those of other existing systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines. This review concludes by providing a bioethical context to the results from the AETSU report, highlighting possible impacts on the medical care and care of patients with chronic pain. Relevant aspects related to the holistic and multidisciplinary management of this chronic pain are underlined, providing a more useful and informative resource for clinical practice and decision making.
Boosting Instagram Visibility with Machine Learning
Authors: Rajeswari B. , Sahithi Pamidi , Harika Neelam Lakshmi , Alekhya Konagalla Sai Raga , Sathwika Munipalle
Published: April 2024

Boosting Instagram Visibility project aims to enhance the visibility of Instagram posts by leveraging machine learning techniques. We follow a systematic process to analyze data gathered from Instagram posts, including details like post content, engagement metrics, and usage of hashtags. Firstly, we collect relevant data from Instagram through various means, ensuring we capture essential information such as post text, engagement metrics, and user demographics. This serves as the foundation for our analysis. Next, we preprocess the collected data to ensure its quality and consistency. We clean the data, handle missing values, and preprocess text to make it suitable for analysis. We then select or extract meaningful features from the data that are crucial for predicting post visibility. These features could include post content, engagement metrics, timing, and demographic information. With the features identified, we choose appropriate machine learning algorithms to analyze the data. These algorithms are selected based on the nature of the prediction task and the characteristics of the dataset. We train the selected machine learning model using the preprocessed data, splitting it into training and validation sets to evaluate the model's performance. After training, we evaluate the model's performance using metrics such as mean absolute error (MAE) or accuracy. This helps us understand how well the model predicts post reach based on the provided features. Using the trained model, we make predictions on new or unseen data, providing insights into the potential visibility of Instagram posts. Through interpretation and analysis of the model predictions, we gain insights into the factors that contribute most to post visibility, helping users optimize their Instagram strategies. Finally, we iterate on the model and process based on feedback and insights gained, continuously refining our approach to improve prediction accuracy.
Predicting Startup Funding Momentum with Collective Intelligence
Authors: Kehler Thomas , Liu Fengchen , Olfat Matt , Sinha Sonali
Published: April 2024

In this paper, we describe a set of techniques that leverage human and machine intelligence to create data and models that are both predictively accurate and support an in-depth explanation facility. Our approach leverages the cognitive diversity of an evaluation team with domain experience and investment experience. Each team, unique to each startup, participates in an interactive evaluation process where each team member uses available evidence to score the potential for a startup to produce a return on investment. All startups are then tracked for performance following scoring and prediction. To date, the approach outlined here has demonstrated high predictive accuracy.Key to the explanatory power of our approach is collecting natural language data on reasons behind a particular score. All supporting reasons for all scores are collected and sampled to learn the rank and relevance determined by group responses. Each reason is assigned a relevancy score based on structured interactions with the evaluating team. A typical evaluation will consist of ~200 quantitative data items and ~10,000 words.Thematic analysis of the supporting reasons for scores is produced by training an NLP model to map reasons into a predetermined set of themes typically used in evaluating investments. Feedback from the evaluating teams and startup founding teams allow for continuous training of explanation system.We show that an archi- tecture of interoperable models are highly effective in achieving both accuracy and explanatory power in investment evaluations.
The Enigma of Jhāna and Implications for Neuroscience, Consciousness Studies and Research Methodology
Authors: Dennison Paul
Published: April 2024

Jhāna meditation was little known in the West before the 1980s, historically shrouded in mystery and mostly confined to monastic traditions in Buddhist countries. In recent years, however, deep states of meditation in general, but particularly the jhānas, have been attracting interest from neuroscience researchers as another avenue to explore neural networks and functions in the human brain. However, the current state of knowledge of those networks is almost entirely related to their functions within our default (sensory) consciousness, researched primarily via task-based studies. Given that in ancient Buddhist texts jhāna is regarded as a uniquely different mode of consciousness, not dependent on the cognitive processes of sensory consciousness, such task-based research methods may not be the best approach to unravel the significance and processes of jhāna consciousness. This article explores the nature of jhāna consciousness in relation to our default consciousness, whether it has its place on a continuum of “altered states of consciousness” (ASC), or whether it is a radically different and unique state of consciousness. The subtleties of establishing jhāna are explored, including the possibility of a cognitively-driven “facsimile” experience created within the default neural networks of sensory consciousness, rather than a radical disruption of those networks towards a previously unknown vertical brain-body axis as recently demonstrated by EEG observations (Dennison, 2019).
AI-Assisted Resolution of Russell’s Paradox
Authors: Kamarei Arzhang
Published: April 2024

This paper represents the output of a human-AI collaboration to produce innovations in self-referential logic and meta-mathematics. The finding of this paper is a resolution of Russell’s Paradox by refactoring the paradox into self-referential and non-self-referential subsets. Once the paradox is refactored in this way, the syntax can be resolved with classical logic. The work is part of a much larger series of AI-assisted findings in self-referential logic and meta-mathematics.
Symptom-Based Prediction Methods in Drug Repurposing for COVID-19 using CoVDrugX
Authors: Tanwar Sumit , Rustagi Apurva , Chopra Agrima , Aggarwal Shreya , Gautam Yashi , Ramesh Bhavya , Anand Ayush , Rawal Kamal
Published: April 2024

The validation study underscores the effectiveness of repurposed drugs in treating COVID-19symptoms, indicating their potential to alleviate symptom severity and duration. Understandingthe mechanisms of action behind these drugs' efficacy aids in identifying additional candidatesfor treatment. Rigorous clinical trials remain crucial for accurately assessing safety and efficacy.Overall, drug repurposing offers a promising strategy for combating COVID-19, but continuedresearch and adherence to scientific standards are essential for maximizing its impact. Thesefindings highlight the importance of repurposing existing medications to address urgent medicalneeds during the pandemic, expediting the development of effective therapies by bypassing thelengthy process of developing new drugs from scratch. Additionally, identifying commonmechanisms of action among repurposed drugs effective against COVID-19 can optimizetreatment regimens and accelerate future drug development efforts. However, it's crucial toremain vigilant about potential risks and adverse effects, emphasizing the need for ongoingmonitoring and regulatory oversight throughout the process
Historicisation des concepts de la réalité historique et leur relation avec la pédagogie
Authors: Cáceres-Correa Ismael
Published: April 2024

On analyse la relation entre la « historisation des concepts » d'Ignacio Ellacuría et la « dialogicité » de Paulo Freire, en réfléchissant sur leur application dans l'enseignement de l'histoire et des sciences sociales. On utilise une méthodologie qualitative centrée sur l'analyse critique des textes des deux auteurs, en appliquant leurs théories à la pédagogie. L'historisation des concepts permet de réinterpréter dynamiquement les fondements de la justice, de la liberté et des droits de l'homme, en mettant en avant l'importance de comprendre et d'enseigner ces domaines dans une perspective critique qui stimule la conscience et l'action sociale. La dialogicité émerge comme un outil essentiel pour l'éducation libératrice, en mettant en avant la valeur du dialogue, de la collaboration et de la réflexion critique. L'analyse conclut que l'intégration de ces approches théoriques fournit une base solide pour une pédagogie qui ne se contente pas de transmettre des connaissances, mais qui forme également les étudiants à être des agents de changement social, en mettant l'accent sur l'importance d'aborder l'enseignement de l'histoire et des sciences sociales d'un point de vue qui privilégie la transformation et la justice sociale.
FLOWIDER 1.0: a web-based interface to track flood-season water levels of large rivers of India’s Gangetic plains
Authors: Ramya Roopa S , Kelkar Nachiket
Published: April 2024

Accessing and analysing flood-season water level data is crucial for monitoring riverine biodiversity and ecosystems. The Gangetic plains are among the largest river floodplains in the world. Temporal flood-season water level data for rivers of the Gangetic basin in India, though available in the public domain, are often scattered across web-based sources and recorded in non-translatable formats. We introduce ‘Flow and Water Level (FLOW) Integrated Datasets (ID) for Ecological studies of Rivers (ER)’, abbreviated as FLOWIDER 1.0, a web application developed using the R Shiny program. The app helps users track flood-season water level for 24 rivers and 107 gauging stations in one place, through a search filter by threatened species of wildlife. FLOWIDER presents a map view of gauging stations and graphing options to explore flood water-level time-series of up to two stations simultaneously. It features a searchable tool for users to access metadata linked with individual river stations.
Experiencing liveness from recorded music
Authors: Rai Laura , van der Walle Hazel , Painting Jack , Orgs Guido
Published: April 2024

Live gatherings, such as music concerts, football matches, or watching films in the cinema, underpin culture and are inherently social events. Here, we test if an illusory experience of social liveness can be induced artificially by adding audience reactions to music recordings. We created a set of musical excerpts mixed with positive, negative, and neutral audience sounds, and collected liking, believability, and familiarity ratings (Study 1, n = 202). Next, we tested if live versus non-live social feedback enhances the listening experience compared to unaltered studio recordings (Study 2, n = 190). Live social feedback boosted the experience of social connection and immersion but did not alter preferences for specific music excerpts, unlike non-live feedback. These findings show how social liveness – the perceived presence of other people – can mimic actual live events, showcasing the importance of social influences for cultural engagement.
Fear of Artificial Intelligence? NLP, ML and LLMs based discovery of AI-phobia and fear sentiment propagation by AI news
Authors: Samuel Jim , Khanna Tanya , Sundar Srinivasaraghavan
Published: April 2024

Confusion, fear and mixed sentiments prevail in the minds of people towards what is arguably oneof the most important of dynamics of modern human society: Artificial Intelligence (AI). Thisstudy aims to explore the contributions of news media towards this phenomenon - we analyzenearly seventy thousand recent news headlines on AI, using natural language processing (NLP)informatics methods, machine learning (ML) and large language models (LLMs) to draw insightsand discover dominant themes. Our theoretical framework was derived from extant literaturewhich posits the power of fear producing articles and news headlines which produce significantimpacts on public behavior even when available in small quantities. We applied extensive textualinformatics methods using word and phrase frequency analytics, sentiment analysis and humanexperts based thematic analysis to discover insights on AI phobia inducing news headlines.Our rigorous analysis of nearly seventy thousand headlines using multiple validation methods inNLP (exploratory informatics including BERT, Llama 2 and Mistral(1; 2) based topic identification),ML (supervised informatics) and LLMs (neural nets for sentiment classification, with BERT, Llama2 and Mistral) demonstrates the presence of an unreasonable level of emotional negativity and fearinducing verbiage in AI news headlines. The framing of AI as being dangerous or as being anexistential threat to humanity can have a profound impact on public perception, and the resultingAI phobia and confusion in public perceptions are inherently detrimental to the science of AI.Furthermore, this can also impact AI policy and regulations, and harm society. We conclude with adiscussion deducing implications for society and make recommendations for education and policiesthat could support human identity and dignity.
Discriminative Validity and Interpretability of the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire
Authors: Mansueto Sara , Kumar Rohina , Raitman Michelle R , Jahagirdar Anisha , Chen Sheng , Wang Wei , Krause Karolin Rose , Monga Suneeta , szatmari peter , Courtney Darren
Published: April 2024

Background: Using the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ) to differentiate between depression severity levels remains unexplored. We assessed the discriminative validity of the MFQ to identify an optimal cut-off MFQ score to distinguish between subthreshold-to-mild and moderate-to-severe depression severity levels. Methods: An observational cross-sectional design was used in a sample (N=67) of help-seeking youth (ages 13 to 18, inclusive) experiencing depressive symptoms. The MFQ was administered verbatim to youth by a research analyst over the phone. Youth were then grouped into subthreshold-to-mild or moderate-to-severe depression severity categories based on scores received on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Depression Rating Scale. Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analyses were conducted, with area under the curve (AUC) and Youden Index (J) as primary indices. We hypothesized that the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval for the area under the curve would be ≥ 0.70. Results: The primary analysis yielded an AUC of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.763 - 0.947) and an optimal cut-off of ≥43 (J = 0.60, positive predictive value = 91.4%, negative predictive value = 62.5%, sensitivity = 72.7%, specificity = 87.0%). Limitations: Our study collected a small sample, disproportionately consisting of adolescents that are White, female sex assigned at birth, identifying as girl/woman gender, born in Canada, and having other comorbid disorders. Conclusions: Our preliminary findings highlight the potential for the MFQ to support clinical decision-making relevant to adolescents experiencing varying severities of depressive symptoms in secondary care settings.
Machine Learning and the Analysis of Culture
Authors: Mützel Sophie , Ollion Etienne
Published: April 2024

The focus of this chapter is on how machine learning (ML) impacts the analysis of culture in sociology. It shows how ML has greatly advanced the analysis of culture, with new tools enabling a massive and fine-grained extraction of information from textual and audiovisual troves as well as data analysis, operationalizing long-standing cultural sociology concepts. It also indicates that this renewed interest is building on already fertile ground, as sociologists of culture have long used and reflected on formal models when analyzing culture. The chapter suggests that as the toolbox of ML approaches expands, so will the need for methodological reflection on the datasets and algorithms used, analyzed, and interpreted. The chapter also suggests that ML techniques can serve as catalysts to generate new theoretical insights. The chapter’s conclusion discusses the potential of ML research to generate new theoretical insights abductively and advocates for methodological reflexivity.
Influencing Factors for the Quality of Homework Assignments
Authors: Lamichhane Purna Bahadur
Published: April 2024

This research article endeavors to explore teachers' perspectives on effective homework practices and the standards for assigning high-quality homework tasks. Using a qualitative research approach within interpretive paradigms, the study conducted interviews with experienced school teachers through convenience sampling. The investigation delves into strategies for customizing homework to meet students' needs, the role of parental engagement, and the importance of balancing the quantity and quality of homework assignments. Although homework serves as a vital tool in reinforcing learning and enhancing academic skills beyond classroom hours, various challenges hinder its completion, including comprehension gaps and issues with time management and parental involvement. The study seeks to uncover educators' insights into the types of homework anticipated by students and the factors shaping effective homework practices. The findings emphasize the need to balance parental involvement to promote children's independence and responsibility, avoiding excessive assistance that may undermine the intrinsic value of homework. Moreover, the study advocates for prioritizing homework quality over quantity to mitigate negative impacts on student well-being, emphasizing meaningful learning experiences and considering diverse preferences when designing assignments.
Navigating Number Systems for Computational Precision: An Analytical Exploration
Authors: Mishra Ravindra
Published: April 2024

The main objective of this article is to study all numbers that have occurred so far in the theoretical discussions were real (or complex) numbers in the strict mathematical sense. That is, they were to be conceived as infinite decimal fractions, or as Dedekind cuts. For the purposes of computation such numbers have to be approximated by real numbers of a rather special type, such as terminating decimal fractions, or other rational numbers. The present article is devoted to a study of the number systems that can be used for the purpose of computation.
‘आगोनेर उभिएको मानिस’मा प्रतिरोधी चेतना {Resistance Consciousness in 'The Man Standing on Fire'}
Authors: अधिकारी Adhikari तेजविलास Tejbilash
Published: April 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख विमल निभा (२००९)का आगोनेर उभिएको मानिस कविता सङ्ग्रह (२०७१ तेस्रो संस्करण)लाई सामग्रीको रूपमा लिएर यसभित्रका कविताहरूभित्र प्रतिरोधी चेततनाको खोजी गरिएको छ । यसका लागि माक्र्सवादी चिन्तनले स्थापना गरेका आलोचनात्मक चेतसम्बन्धी सैद्धान्तिक र व्यावहारिक पक्षको उपयोग गरी ‘आगोनेर उभिएको मानिस’ कविता सङ्ग्रहमा प्राप्त प्रतिरोधी चेतनाको व्याख्या गरिएको छ । नेपाली राजनीतिक क्षेत्रमा देखिएको शक्ति र सत्ताको दुरूपयोग, यसबाट श्रमिक जीवनमा परेको प्रत्यक्ष र परोक्ष असर तथा विचार निर्माणको प्रश्नलाई तार्किक ढङ्गले स्थापित गर्ने कार्य भएको छ । पञ्चायती व्यवस्थाको चरम दमनको स्थितिमा विचारका वाहकहरू कस्तो भूमिकामा कसरी प्रतिरोधी चेतना निर्माण गर्दै थिए भन्ने सन्दर्भहरूलाई जनताको परिवर्तनप्रतिको चाहना अभिव्यक्त गर्ने माध्यम कविता र कविताभित्र पनि वर्गीय चेतनाले निर्माण गरेको प्रतिरोधी चेतना हो भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
समरगाथा उपन्यासमा वर्गचेतना र वर्गद्वन्द्वबिचको सम्बन्ध {The relationship between class consciousness and class conflict in Samargatha novel}
Authors: बञ्जरा Banjara निलुफर Niluphar
Published: April 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख ऋषिराज बरालद्वारा लिखित समरगाथा उपन्यासमा अन्तरनिहीत वर्गचेतना र यसको वर्गद्वन्द्वसँगको सम्बन्धमाथिको विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित छ । समाजमा निरन्तर चल्ने वर्गसङ्घर्षमा उत्पीडक वर्गको विरुद्ध उत्पीडित वर्गलाई आफ्नो वर्गीय हितका बारेमा सजग गराउँदै वर्गीय चेतना जागृत गराउन यस लेखले भुमिका निर्वाह गर्ने छ । माओवादी सशस्त्र युद्धलाई मुख्य विषयवस्तु बनाएर लेखिएको यस उपन्यासमा उपन्यासले वास्तविक घटनाक्रमलाई चित्रित गरेको छ कि छैन र उपन्यासमा चित्रित उत्पीडित वर्गको प्रतिनिधित्व गर्ने पात्रहरूको वर्गीय चेतनासँग वर्गद्वन्द्वको के कस्तो सम्बन्ध रहेको छ भन्ने प्राज्ञिक समस्यालाई लेखमा सम्बोधन गर्ने प्रयत्न गरिएको छ । माक्र्स – एङ्गेल्सद्वारा प्रतिपादित र विकसित वर्गीयता सम्बन्धीको माक्सवादी सैद्धान्तिक अवधारणाका आधारमा लेखमा उठान गरिएको प्रस्तुत समस्यालाई हल गरिएको छ । उपन्यासले २०५२ सालबाट सुरु भएको माओवादी सशस्त्र युद्धलाई यथार्थपरक ढङ्गबाट चित्रण गरेको छ । उत्पीडित नेपाली जनताले सशस्त्रयुद्धको मैदानमा देखाएको वीरता, साहस, र्सौय र उदातताको यथार्थपरक प्रस्तुति उपन्यासमा गरिएको छ । उपन्यासमा चित्रित उत्पीडित वर्गका पात्रहरू वर्गीय चेतनाले भरिपूर्ण भएका छन् । समाजमा रहेका उत्पीडक वर्गले आफूहरू माथि गरेको अन्याय, अत्याचार, शोषण र दमनका बारेमा उनीहरूलाई प्रयाप्त ज्ञान छ र यही ज्ञानका आधारमा सशस्त्र सङ्घर्षको जस्तो सुकै चुनौतीको सामना गर्न उनीहरू लागि परेका छन् । राज्यसत्ताका हरेक संयन्त्र उत्पीडक वर्गको पक्षमा हुन्छ भन्ने कुरा उपन्यासमा चित्रित ती क्रान्तिकारी पात्रहरूलाई थाहा छ । राज्यसत्ताका पुलिस, सेना, जासुसी सयन्त्र उत्पीडित वर्गका जनता र ती क्रान्तिकारी योद्धाहरूमाथि दमन गर्न केन्द्रित भएको हुन्छ तर उनीहरू राज्यसत्ताको वर्गीय पक्षधरताका बारेका सचेत भए कै कारण राज्यसत्ताद्वारा गरिने जस्तो सुकै दमनका विरुद्ध संगठित भएर लागि परेका छन् । उनीहरू आफ्नो वर्गीय मुक्तिको लागि भन्दै हाँसी –हाँसी मृत्यु वरण गर्न तयार भएका हुन्छन् । यो उनीहरूमा भएको वर्गीय चेतना कै कारण सम्भव भएको हो । यसर्थ उपन्यासमा वर्गीय चेतना र वर्गीयद्वन्द्वबिच अन्योन्याश्रित सम्बन्ध रहेको देखिन्छ ।
माधवप्रसाद घिमिरेको ‘वैराग्य’ कवितामा ईश्वरचिन्तन {Godconsciousness in Madhav Prasad Ghimire's poem 'Vair-agya'}
Authors: खनाल Khanal लेखनाथ Lekhanath
Published: April 2024

प्रस्तुत आलेखमा माधवप्रसाद घिमिरेद्वारा लिखित ‘वैराग्य’ कविताको दर्शनपरक अध्ययन गरिएको छ । पूर्वीय वेदान्त दर्शन प्रतिपाद्य सगुण, साकार ईश्वरसम्बन्धी मान्यतालाई विश्लेषणको आधार बनाइएको छ । यो अध्ययन ‘वैराग्य’ कवितामा अभिव्यञ्जित सगुण, साकार ईश्वरचिन्तनमा आधारित छ । यो अध्ययन ‘वैराग्य’ कवितामा ईश्वरको सगुण, साकार स्वरूपको प्रयोग केकस्तो छ र कसरी प्रयोग गरिएको छ भन्ने समस्यामा केन्द्रित छ । यस समस्या समाधानका लागि सामग्री सङ्कलन पुस्तकालयीय कार्यबाट गरिएको छ । यो अध्ययनमा गुणात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । घिमिरेको यो ‘वैराग्य’ कविता सगुण, साकार ईश्वर चिन्तनको सम्यक अभिव्यक्ति भएको कविता हो । यस कवितामा वेदान्त दर्शनले स्थापित गरेको सगुण, साकार ईश्वरसम्बन्धी दार्शनिक मान्यतालाई प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । ‘वैराग्य’ शब्दले सांसारिक विषयवस्तु र वासनामय जीवनबाट मनुष्य विरक्त बनेर ईश्वर प्राप्तिमा लाग्ने अवस्थालाई सङ्केत गरेको छ । वैराग्य प्राप्त भएपछि नै मनुष्यादि जीव ईश्वरप्रति समर्पित हुने विचार कवितामा प्रस्तुत भएको छ । कवितामा सांसारिक मायामोह र विषयवासनाजस्ता कुराहरूलाई त्याग गरेर एकान्त स्थलमा गई सगुण, साकार ईश्वरको उपासना गर्नुपर्ने कुरा बताइएको छ । कविले समस्त विश्वब्रह्माण्डका अन्य कुरा क्षणिक हुन् तर ईश्वर सत्य छन् भन्ने विचार कवितामा व्यक्त गरेका छन् । यस कवितामा समस्त मनुष्यादि जीवको अन्तिम आश्रयस्थल सगुण, साकार ईश्वर राम नै रहेको विचार व्यञ्जित गरिएको छ । यस अध्ययनको अन्त्यमा माधवप्रसाद घिमिरेको ‘वैराग्य’ कविता वेदान्त दर्शनको सगुण, साकार ईश्वरचिन्तनका दृष्टिले उत्तम रहेको र माधवप्रसाद घिमिरे ईश्वरवादी कवि भएको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । दर्शनजस्तो विषयलाई कविताको विषय बनाएर त्यसलाई शास्त्रीय लयका माध्यमबाट कलात्मक र मार्मिक ढङ्गले प्रस्तुत गर्नु लेखकको वैशिष्ठ्य हो र यो नै अध्ययनको प्राप्ति पनि हो ।
ऋषिराज बरालका उपन्यासमा वर्गीय चेतना {Class Consciousness in Rishiraj Baral's Novels}
Authors: लामिछाने Lamichhane शारदा देवी Sharada Devi
Published: April 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख ऋषिराज बरालका उपन्यासमा वर्गीय चेतनाको अध्ययनमा आधारित छ । नेपाली समाजको वर्गीय विषमताको विरुद्धमा सङ्घर्षरत जनताले देखाएको साहस र वलिदान तथा सामाजिक, राजनीतिक विकृति र विसङ्गतिको अभिव्यक्ति उनका उपन्यासमा पाइन्छ । माक्र्सवादी दर्शनबाट प्रभावित बराल प्रगतिवादी साहित्यिक मान्यताअनुसार तत्कालीन आर्थिक तथा सामाजिक असमानताले सिर्जना गरेको वर्ग सङ्घर्षको उद्घाटन गर्नमा केन्द्रित भएको देखिन्छ । बरालका उपन्यासमा निम्न वर्गप्रति सामन्त वर्गको अन्याय, अत्याचार र शोषणको स्थिति कुन रूपमा छ, त्यसका विरुद्धको चेतना शोषित वर्गमा कसरी प्रकट भएको छ र लेखकीय पक्षधरता कुन वर्गप्रति देखिन्छ भन्ने जिज्ञासाको समाधान गर्ने यस अध्ययनको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । यस उद्देश्य पुर्तिका निम्ति उपन्यासमा अभिव्यक्त वर्गीय चेतना तथा वर्गीय पक्षधरताको व्याख्या विश्लेषण गर्न सोद्देश्यमूलक ढङ्गले सामग्रीको सङ्कलन गरी माक्र्सवादी मान्यता अनुरूप सङ्कलित सामग्रीको विश्लेषण गरिएकाले यसमा निगमनात्मक विधिको प्रयोग गरिएको छ । समाजमा भएका असमानताले नै वर्गद्वन्द्व तथा वर्गीय चेतना जन्मने र वर्गीय चेतनाको सही विश्लेषणले मात्र निम्नवर्गको मुक्तिको यात्रा तय हुनसक्ने निष्कर्ष बरालका उपन्यसको अध्ययनबाट प्राप्त भएको छ ।
‘मन, आत्मा र शरीर’ निबन्धमा आत्मचिन्तन {Self-reflection in the Essay 'Mind, Soul and Body'}
Authors: शर्मा Sharma सुधा Sudha
Published: April 2024

प्रस्तुत आलेख विनयकुमार शर्मा नेपालद्वारा रचित पुनरावृत्ति निबन्धसङ्ग्रहभित्रको “मन, आत्मा र शरीर” निबन्धमा आत्मचिन्तन’ विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । यो लेखमा विवेच्य निबन्ध प्रयुक्त कथ्य र निबन्धकारका चिन्तनको विश्लेषण गर्नु सान्दर्भिक रहेको देखिन्छ । यो मूलतः गुणात्मक प्रकृतिको अनुसन्धानमा आधारित रहेको छ । प्रस्तुत लेख मुख्यतया पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययनबाट सामग्रीसङ्कलन गरिएको छ । यहाँ पूर्वीय दर्शनले प्रतिपादन गरेका सिद्धान्तअन्तर्गतको दार्शनिक मान्यताका रूपमा आत्मचिन्तनजस्ता योगदर्शन र वेदान्तदर्शनका मुख्य प्रतिपाद्य विषय अभिव्यञ्जित रहेका छन् । यहाँ आत्मचिन्तनका आधारमा रहेर निबन्धभित्र रहेको आत्मसम्बन्धी चिन्तनको सूक्ष्म विवेचना गर्न निबन्धकारले जीवनजगत्सम्बन्धी वैयक्तिक चिन्तनका परिकल्पनामा पूर्वीय वैदिक षड्दर्शनका सैद्धान्तिक मान्यतालाई स्वीकार गरिएको छ । यहाँ आत्मसम्बन्धी दृष्टिकोण केकस्तो रहेको छ भन्ने उद्घाटन गर्ने काम भएको छ । विषयविश्लेषणका लागि आवश्यकताअनुसार निगमनात्मक र आगमनात्मक विधिको अवलम्बन गरेर पूर्वीय दर्शनका विविध मान्यतामध्ये आत्मसम्बन्धी मान्यतालाई आधार बनाएर आत्मसम्बन्धी चिन्तनको विश्लेषणजस्ता कुरा हेरिएको छ । यहाँ आत्मसम्बन्धी चिन्तनका दृष्टिले यस निबन्धमा शरीर नाशवान् छ तर आत्मा नित्य, अजर र अमर छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । आत्मसम्बन्धी चिन्तनको अभिव्यक्तिका दृष्टिले यस निबन्धमा आत्मा भनेको आफू हो । यो शरीर, इन्द्रिय, प्राण, मन, बुद्धि, चित्त र अहङ्कारभन्दा परको कुरा हो भन्ने निष्कर्ष यहाँ निकालिएको छ । आत्मा नै ब्रह्म हो र आनन्दस्वरूप आत्मा आफैंभित्र छ, ज्ञानद्वारा आत्मसाक्षात्कार गर्न सकिन्छ, स्वयम्प्रकाशानन्दस्वरूप आत्मा नै जगत्को केन्द्र हो भन्ने पूर्वीय दर्शनका परिकल्पनासँग यस निबन्धको विचारमा समानता देखिएको छ ।
Understanding Forest Dynamics for Active Management: Results from Participatory Trial Plots in the Hills of Nepal
Authors: Beek Robin , Paudel Dinesh , Bhujel Jaya Bahadur , Shivakoti Sita Ram , Lama Sarita
Published: April 2024

Participatory action research plots were laid in 1997 in 3 purposively selected community forests in 3 middle hills districts in Nepal. These plots were subjected to various silvicultural treatments and monitored with active participation of FUGs. The findings revealed that the prescribed harvesting levels are far below the increment potential. This justifies more intensive use of forest, and this should be considered while preparing or revising operational plans.
Ensuring People’s Rights in Forest Resources: Revisiting the Role of Civil Society
Authors: Paudel Krishna Prasad
Published: April 2024

Despite changes in forestry policies to allow local communities to take control over national forests, efforts in facilitating devolution of power fail to recognize the ‘rights’ of people instead of ‘mercy’ of the state. The author highlights some fundamental issues that are at the root of many felt problems such as inequity, passive management of forests, limited access of the poor and marginalized indecision-making. The author proposes that rights based approach that focuses on local rights and organizing people can bring change, and Civil Society can play a significant role in this regard.
Editorial
Authors: Forestaction Forestaction
Published: April 2024

The Dimensions of forestry and livelihoods are many, and no single perspective, strategy and sets of actions can address it fully. we all still have to learn and act together. we should reflect, review and share what we have learned in different times, context and interventions. we should do this at various levels - from local to global as livelihoods and communities are increasingly affected by a wide array of forces.
Editorial
Authors: Adhikari Bhim
Published: April 2024

We are pleased to bring the second issue of the Journal of Forest and Livelihood despite some delay. What we have learnt through the experience with the first and the second issue is that producing a Journal of this quality from a country like Nepal, where there is a poor information infrastructure, is a daunting task. The challenges lie in all aspects of management: getting qualityarticles, getting the time of quality reviewers and editors, and finally getting serious readers who are willing to pay for the journal. We hope to cope with these challenges with stronger collective action, through increased number of serious editorial advisors, readers and contributors. We left the areas of articles open, and got more number of articles this time, compared to the firstissue. There were a few articles from outside Nepal also, but our editorial policy, which has a focus on Nepal based empirical articles, did not allow us to consider them. One important element of the editorial policy that we would like to reiterate is that this journal is not completely theory based, comparing data globally, but focuses on generating evidences from Nepal which may help prove or disprove, compare and contrast certain theoretical propositions. In this sense, it falls in-between the theory based highly. academic journals and free-style issue-based writings.
Strategic forest management planning in Terai
Authors: Bapton James
Published: April 2024

The Terai component of the Livelihoods & Forestry Programme (LFP) has a first phase objective of facilitating the participatory development of district strategic forest management plans in the Terai. Nawalparasi, Rupandehi and Kapilvastu districts have been selected for the implementation of this first phase.
Non-Timber Forest Products: an alternative source of rural income
Authors: Dangal Shambhu
Published: April 2024

Dandapakhar, in Sindhu Palchok District of Nepal, was the focus area for the Nepal Australia Community Resource Management Project to undertake action research on the potential of NTFPs as a source of rural income. The area is located along the Jiri Road at an altitude between 2000 and 3000 meters, and is rich in natural broad-leaved forest harboring a large variety of indigenously occurring species having medicinal, aromatic and other values. The species occurring in Dandapakhar have both traditional and non-traditional uses and (the potential to) command, in some cases, significant market prices, not only locally, but also in Kathmandu andthe international market.
Stakeholder collaboration, adaptive management and social learning: a perspective for community forestry in Nepal
Authors: Ojha Hemant , Paudel Krishna , Pokharel Bharat
Published: April 2024

This note highlights the findings of a recent research on Adaptive Collaborative Management (ACM) of forest in which an assessment of ACM situation in eight selected community forestry sites in Nepal is made. The objective of the research is to explore connection between ACM and outcomes in forest condition and livelihoods in different conditions. The research focused on two inter-linked elements: collaboration and adaptive management. In this research, collaboration among various interests groups within FUGs and between FUGs and six different types of stakeholders is assessed in relation to outcomes on forest condition andlivelihoods. Similarly, adaptive management of forest at FUG level is assessed in terms of four key interrelated components, namely: mental models, shared vision, collective learning and systems thinking.The evidences indicate that at all levels, decision-makers have overlooked the complexity and dynamism of the management issues and contexts. They have not only limited appreciation of monitoring the plans as they are put into practice but also limited tendency to challenge their own assumptions in which the plans are based. Forest User Groups (FUGs) as well as their collaborating institutions mostly follow "trial and error" or "unmonitored experiences" approaches to action and learning. As a result, the quality of individual as well as collaborative forest management decisions and actions are seriously affected, leading to sub-optimal outcomes on both forest condition and livelihoods. Key findings on collaboration and adaptive management are summarized also.
Department of Forest's new community Forestry Guideline
Authors: Ojha Hemant
Published: April 2024

Department of Forest (DOF) has issued a new version of Community Forestry Guideline in May 2001, replacing the first version that was issued 10 years back. Officials engaged in developing this amendment indicate in their preface statements that a new versionof the guideline was felt necessary in the changing contexts of community forestry policies and practices over thepast several years in general, and in particular, to address the challenges of meeting escalating demand for increasingly diverse services to communities. The guideline was prepared with involvement of, and support from bilateral forestry projects, who deputed their representatives in the guideline review task force constituted by DOF. An outline of the draft guideline was discussed in two national level meetings of government forest officials and forestry project staff.