bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A geometric approach for follow-the-leader motion of serpentine manipulator
Authors: Xie Haibo , Wang Cheng , Li Shusen , Hu Liang , Yang Huayong
Published: October 2019

This article presents a geometric approach for path planning of serpentine manipulator for real-time control in confined spaces. Firstly, the mechanical design of a serpentine manipulator is introduced, and its kinematics is analyzed. As the serpentine manipulator usually has more than 10 degrees of freedom, the motion control and obstacle avoidance are difficult considering its inverse kinematics. Follow-the-leader is an ideal path planning method for serpentine manipulator, as the manipulator moves forward, all the sections follow the path that the tip of manipulator has passed, which simplifies the obstacle avoidance. The realization of follow-the-leader method is to find the new configurations of the manipulator that can fit the ideal path with small errors. In this article, a novel geometric approach for follow-the-leader motion is proposed to solve new configurations with high precision of location and less computation time. The method is validated through simulation and the deviation from the ideal path is analyzed, simulation results show that calculation time for per step is less than 0.5 ms for a serpentine manipulator with 10 sections. To verify the follow-the-leader method, a 13-degree-of-freedom serpentine manipulator system with 6 sections was built, and 12 magnetic rotary encoders were embedded into the universal joints to collect data of rotation angles of each section. Experimental results show that the manipulator can carry out follow-the-leader motion as expected in real time.
Children’s drawings speak a thousand words in their transition to school
Authors: Kaplun Catherine
Published: October 2019

Children’s views have often been supplementary to those of adults in research on children’s lives. With growing awareness of the Rights of the Child, children are being engaged as experts in their own lives, that is, young people who have valid perspectives on the things that matter and are important to them. In this study, a draw–write–tell activity was used to capture children’s understandings of transition to school. A Vygotskian view of drawing was adopted, with drawing used as a mediating tool for children to make meaning of experiences and thoughts and express these to others. Children’s drawings and explanatory narratives were thematically analysed in a social constructivist paradigm. Children shared their friendships and feelings about aspects of school and home, and their growing awareness of school life. Drawings were supported as a useful tool for understanding children’s views of transition to school and capturing changes in their feelings, knowledge and independence at this important time.
How emotions influence alliance relationships: The potential functionality of negative emotions
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , van Kleef Gerben A. , Higgins E. Tory
Published: October 2019

This article utilizes a motivational perspective on emotions to reconceptualize the impact of negative emotions on relationship dynamics between alliance partners. Alliance failure is endemic and yet we know little about how alliance partners manage the interface between them. We draw upon the alliance discrepancy model, self-discrepancy theory, appraisal theory, emotions as social information theory, and Horney’s behavioral typology of moving toward, moving against, or moving away to analyze the emotional, motivational, and behavioral dynamics among alliance decision makers. We propose that process discrepancies predominantly produce agitation-related emotions such as anger and anxiety, whereas outcome discrepancies predominantly produce dejection-related emotions such as sadness and disappointment. We analyze the impact of emotions at both the intrapersonal and the interpersonal levels. The intrapersonal level captures the impact of alliance decision makers’ experienced emotions on their own behavior, whereas the interpersonal level captures the impact of alliance decision makers’ expressed emotions on their partners’ behavior. At the intrapersonal level, agitation-related emotions lead alliance decision makers to move against (or away from) their partner, whereas dejection-related emotions lead them to move toward their partner. At the interpersonal level, the expression of dejection-related emotions leads alliance decision makers to move toward their partner, whereas the expression of agitation-related emotions leads alliance partners to either move toward or against their partner depending upon the relative power of the parties and the specific agitation emotion that is expressed. We develop a series of propositions linking discrepancies with emotions and alliance management, which highlight a different way of thinking about emotions in alliances. Rather than treating negative emotions as destructive forces, our model points to the potential functionality of the experience and expression of negative emotions in alliances. We conclude by outlining some boundary conditions of our model and discussing implications for research and practice.
Parental alcohol consumption and the risk of congenital heart diseases in offspring: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Senmao , Wang Lesan , Yang Tubao , Chen Lizhang , Zhao Lijuan , Wang Tingting , Chen Letao , Ye Ziwei , Zheng Zan , Qin Jiabi
Published: October 2019

Objective

The aim of this study was to provide updated evidence to assess the association between parental alcohol consumption and the risk of total congenital heart diseases (CHDs) and specific CHD phenotypes in offspring, and explore the possible dose–response pattern.

Methods

PubMed, Embase and Chinese databases were searched with an end-date parameter of July 24, 2019 to identify studies meeting pre-stated inclusion criteria. A random-effects model was used to calculate the overall combined risk estimates. A meta-analysis of the dose–response relationship was performed. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and Galbraith plot were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity moderators.

Results

A total of 55 studies involving 41,747 CHD cases and 297,587 controls were identified. Overall, both maternal (odds ratio (OR) = 1.16; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05–1.27) and paternal (OR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.19–1.74) alcohol exposures were significantly associated with risk of total CHDs in offspring. Additionally, a nonlinear dose–response relationship between parental alcohol exposure and risk of total CHDs was observed. With an increase in parental alcohol consumption, the risk of total CHDs in offspring also gradually increases. For specific CHD phenotypes, a statistically significant association was found between maternal alcohol consumption and risk of tetralogy of fallot (OR = 1.20; 95% CI: 1.08–1.33). Relevant heterogeneity moderators have been identified by subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results.

Conclusions

Although the role of potential bias and evidence of heterogeneity should be carefully evaluated, our review indicates that parental alcohol exposures are significantly associated with the risk of CHDs in offspring, which highlights the necessity of improving health awareness to prevent alcohol exposure during preconception and conception periods.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Near and Far: Symptom Networks From 2 to 12 Months After the Virginia Tech Campus Shootings
Authors: Mancini Anthony D. , Littleton Heather L. , Grills Amie E. , Jones Payton J.
Published: October 2019

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is unique in its longitudinal focus. To better understand how PTSD develops, we used network analysis in a longitudinal sample of survivors of the 2007 Virginia Tech campus shootings. Participants were 212 women who completed surveys at both 2 and 12 months after the shooting. Using within-group permutation tests, we found that overall network strength significantly increased and overall network structure significantly changed. Several symptoms saw marked alterations in their network centrality and relations to other symptoms. Psychological reactivity at reminders was the most central symptom at 2 months but among the least central at 12 months. By contrast, reliving, anhedonia, and physiological reactivity had low centrality at 2 months but high centrality at 12 months. Findings broadly support memory-based and fear-conditioning accounts of PTSD and suggest that automatic situationally cued symptoms, including reliving, thought avoidance, and physiological reactions, become more central to the network over time.
Subsidence and perioperative periprosthetic fractures using collarless hydroxyapatite-coated stem for displaced femoral neck fractures according to Dorr type
Authors: Song Joo-Hyoun , Jo Woo-Lam , Lee Kee-Haeng , Cho Yoon-Joo , Park Joonyoung , Oh Seungbae
Published: October 2019

Background:

Hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated stem has been introduced to decrease complications and eventually achieve quicker implant ingrowth and long-term stability. The aim of this study was to determine subsidence rate and incidence of perioperative periprosthetic fracture (PPF) of uncemented collarless Corail stem for displaced femoral neck fractures according to Dorr type.

Methods:

A retrospective review of plain radiographs and clinical data was carried out to identify consecutive patients who underwent uncemented hip hemiarthroplasty using collarless HA-coated Corail stem between March 2010 and August 2014. The risk of subsidence and PPF according to Dorr type was evaluated.

Results:

Dorr types A, B, and C were found in 66 (median age 74, 29.7%), 107 (median age 77, 48.2%), and 49 (median age 80, 22.1%) cases, respectively. Subsidence of stem occurred in eight (3.6%) cases. Dorr type had significant relationship ( p < 0.05) with subsidence. Type C canals had higher rates of subsidence. PPFs occurred in 11 (5.0%) cases without showing significant difference among Dorr types not significant (n.s.). Female gender was not influential on subsidence (n.s.) and PPF (n.s.).

Conclusion:

Dorr type C had higher risk of subsidence when using uncemented collarless HA-coated stem. Dorr canal type had no bearing on risk of PPFs. Women did not have significantly higher risk of both subsidence and PPFs compared to men. A collarless fully HA-coated Corail stem had 3.6% of radiological subsidence and 5.0% of PPF risk.
Exploring Relationships Between Customer Satisfaction and Customer Attitude from Customer Relationship Management Viewpoint: An Empirical Study of Leisure Travellers
Authors: Maggon Mohita , Chaudhry Harish
Published: October 2019

In the business world, customer relationship management (CRM) has emerged as the main marketing activity of the service firms. Organizations thrive to maintain long-lasting relationships with their customers. The priority of the firms is to maximize the relationship share (RS) with profitable customers. The current study aims at identifying determinants of RS for hotels leisure travellers. The findings indicate that customer satisfaction (CS) and attitude towards the hotel in the relationship are major predictors of RS. Besides, CS indirectly affects RS through customer’s attitude towards the hotel. The findings of the present study will help the practitioners to design CRM programme better and reap its maximum benefits.
Entrepreneurial Burnout: Causes, Consequences and Way Out
Authors: Omrane Amina , Kammoun Amal , Seaman Claire
Published: October 2019

Nascent entrepreneurs are frequently subject to a great number of professional stressors caused by their work activities and thus making them potential candidates for burnout. This phenomenon may threaten their health as well as their new ventures. Indeed, it has some detrimental effects due to the fact that those new business owners have few resources, energy and skills, enabling them to deal with the psychosocial risks derived from the entrepreneurial burnout. The objective of this study is, then, to shed some light on the concept of entrepreneurial burnout and its potential contributors. In order to reach this purpose, a review of the existing literature is used as the basis for the development of a model that could form a fundamental tool to facilitate future research. By exploring the causes as well as the consequences of the entrepreneurial burnout, an overview of the essential factors and methods that could help to mitigate its main impacts would be proposed.
Effect of Encumbrances on Response to Sales Promotions
Authors: Dastidar Surajit Ghosh , Chakravarty Prasenjit
Published: October 2019

Sales promotions serve as important marketing tools to obtain immediate incremental sales. However, sales promotion campaigns are profitable only if the promotional offers (deals) can induce switch from competitor brands. However, redeeming deals may necessitate the purchase of less preferred brands and patronization of non-preferred stores, and incurring extra-expenses for subscribing to extra newspapers and magazines to obtain deals such as coupons and contests. Therefore, consumers may perceive brand, store and extra-expense encumbrances while responding to the deal offers. Thus, marketing strategists face an important question: whether these encumbrances have any impact on the consumers’ response to deals. This study addresses this question and finds significant positive effect of encumbrances on deal proneness. The study is carried out across multiple deal types and two product categories for generalization of the findings.
Us versus Them: The Responses of Managers to the Feminization of High-Status Occupations
Authors: Kricheli-Katz Tamar
Published: October 2019

What happens when more and more women enter high-status occupations that were previously male-dominated occupations? This article explores how the processes by which the entrance of women into high-status occupations has affected the hiring, income, and perceived competence of women. I present the results of a general population experiment conducted on a large, random sample of the U.S. population. The experiment was designed to explore the hiring, income, and perceived competence of all women when high-status occupations become predominantly female. I show that when male managers are exposed to information about high-status occupations’ becoming predominantly female, they evaluate women who work in other high-status occupations as less competent, tend to hire them less frequently, and offer them lower salaries. Female managers, however, tend to respond to such changes in the labor force by valuing women more highly.
Enhanced osteogenesis of quasi-three-dimensional hierarchical topography
Authors: Yu Mengfei , Liu Yu , Yu Xiaowen , Li Jianhua , Zhao Wenquan , Hu Ji’an , Cheng Kui , Weng Wenjian , Zhang Bin , Wang Huiming , Dong Lingqing
Published: October 2019

Natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) are three-dimensional (3D) and multi-scale hierarchical structure. However, coatings used as ECM-mimicking structures for osteogenesis are typically two-dimensional or single-scaled. Here, we design a distinct quasi-three-dimensional hierarchical topography integrated of density-controlled titania nanodots and nanorods. We find cellular pseudopods preferred to anchor deeply across the distinct 3D topography, dependently of the relative density of nanorods, which promote the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblast but not the viability of fibroblast. The in vivo experimental results further indicate that the new bone formation, the relative bone-implant contact as well as the push-put strength, are significantly enhanced on the 3D hierarchical topography. We also show that the exposures of HFN7.1 and mAb1937 critical functional motifs of fibronectin for cellular anchorage are up-regulated on the 3D hierarchical topography, which might synergistically promote the osteogenesis. Our findings suggest the multi-dimensions and multi-scales as vital characteristic of cell-ECM interactions and as an important design parameter for bone implant coatings.
Differential expression of the miR-17-92 cluster and miR-17 family in breast cancer according to tumor type; results from the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study
Authors: Moi Line , Braaten Tonje , Al-Shibli Khalid , Lund Eiliv , Busund Lill-Tove Rasmussen
Published: October 2019

Background

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers due to their structural stability and distinct expression profile in various cancers. We wanted to explore the miRNA expression in benign breast tissue and breast cancer subgroups in the Norwegian Women and Cancer study.

Methods

Specimens and histopathological data from study participants in Northern Norway diagnosed with breast cancer, and benign tissue from breast reduction surgery were collected. Main molecular subtypes were based on surrogate markers; luminal A (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2− and Ki67 ≤ 30%), luminal B (ER+ and/or PR+, HER2− and Ki67 > 30% or ER+ and/or PR+ and HER2+), HER2 positive (ER− and PR− and HER2+) and triple-negative (ER−, PR− and HER2−). RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue, and miRNAs were successfully analyzed in 102 cancers and 36 benign controls using the 7th generation miRCURY LNA microarray containing probes targeting all human miRNAs as annotated in miRBASE version 19.0. Validation with RT-qPCR was performed.

Results

On average, 450 miRNAs were detected in each sample, and 304 miRNAs were significantly different between malignant and benign tissue. Subgroup analyses of cancer cases revealed 23 miRNAs significantly different between ER+ and ER− tumors, and 47 miRNAs different between tumors stratified according to grade. Significantly higher levels were found in high grade tumors for miR-17-5p (p = 0.006), miR-20a-5p (p = 0.007), miR-106b-5p (p = 0.007), miR-93-5p (p = 0.007) and miR-25-3p (p = 0.015) from the paralogous clusters miR-17-92 and miR-106b-25. Expression of miR-17-5p (p = 0.0029), miR-20a-5p (p = 0.0021), miR-92a-3p (p = 0.011) and miR-106b-5p (p = 0.021) was significantly higher in triple-negative tumors compared to the rest, and miR-17-5p and miR-20a-5p were significantly lower in luminal A tumors.

Conclusions

miRNA expression profiles were significantly different between malignant and benign tissue and between cancer subgroups according to ER− status, grade and molecular subtype. miRNAs in the miR-17-92 cluster and miR-17 family were overexpressed in high grade and triple-negative tumors associated with aggressive behavior. The expression and functional role of these miRNAs should be further studied in breast cancer to explore their potential as biomarkers in diagnostic pathology and clinical oncology.
Ground state solutions for Hamiltonian elliptic systems with super or asymptotically quadratic nonlinearity
Authors: He Yubo , Qin Dongdong , Chen Dongdong
Published: October 2019

This article concerns the Hamiltonian elliptic system:
$$ \textstyle\begin{cases} -\Delta \varphi +V(x)\varphi =G_{\psi }(x,\varphi ,\psi ) & \mbox{in } \mathbb {R}^{N}, \\ -\Delta \psi +V(x)\psi =G_{\varphi }(x,\varphi ,\psi ) & \mbox{in } \mathbb {R}^{N}, \\ \varphi , \psi \in H^{1}(\mathbb {R}^{N}). \end{cases} $$

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, least energy solution of the system is obtained for the super-quadratic case with a new technical condition, and the existence of ground state solutions of Nehari–Pankov type is established for the asymptotically quadratic case. The results obtained in the paper generalize and improve related ones in the literature.
Assessing effectiveness of a novel mid-upper arm circumference Z-score tape in a community setting in Guatemala
Authors: Miller Mikaela A. , Mallory Kristen , Escobedo Manolo , Tarot Ana Cecilia , Abdel-Rahman Susan
Published: October 2019

Background

Mid-Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) is an independent anthropometric measurement used to identify malnutrition in children. While much research has been dedicated to applying fixed estimates of MUAC to identify cases of malnutrition in children under 5 years of age, far less has been done with age-specific MUAC Z-score values across the continuum of age from birth through adolescence.

Methods

The present study examined the effectiveness of a novel MUAC Z-score tape, in the hands of community health volunteers, to identify children over the age of 5 who would benefit from nutritional rehabilitation. In January of 2019, 112 community health volunteers working within Children International in Guatemala were trained to use the MUAC Z-score tape and asked to collect measurements on children or youth in their communities.

Results

Of the 818 MUAC Z-score tape measurements obtained by volunteers, 88.26% (722/818) were concordant with nutritional risk status as predicted by BMI Z-score, and 90.95% (744/818) were concordant with MUAC Z-score tape measurements made by field medical staff. MUAC Z-scores identified 87.10% (27/31) of the severely or moderately undernourished children as determined by the BMI Z-score who would be candidates for the nutrition rehabilitation program (Z-score ≤ − 2) along with an additional six children that would not have been classified as such with BMI Z-score. A qualitative survey distributed to the volunteers showed moderate rates of understanding of nutritional risk using the tape, and 62.50% reported the tape was easy to use.

Conclusions

These quantitative and qualitative findings suggest that with more in-depth training and education the MUAC Z-score tape is a viable, low-cost, low-burden alternative for community-level nutritional status assessment among the population served by Children International in Guatemala.
Occurrence and risk characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of edible oils by the Margin of Exposure (MOE) approach
Authors: Lee Joon-Goo , Suh Jung-Hyuck , Yoon Hae-Jung
Published: October 2019

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are carcinogenic and genotoxic chemicals naturally derived from food during heat processing. Edible oil is one of the most frequently contaminated foods. Many researches were recently conducted to determine the contents of PAHs and to assess their risks, but there have been no studies characterising risks of PAHs by calculating Margin of Exposure (MOE) of total PAHs instead of toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) concept in Korea. To analyze the 4 PAHs including benz(a)anthracene (BaA), chrysene (CHR), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) simultaneously, gas chromatography with mass spectrometry was optimized. Total 303 edible oils were investigated and contaminated by 4 PAHs at ND–12.91 ng g−1. The MOEs were estimated by PAHs contents, daily consumption, and were over 10,000. The risk of PAHs of edible oils in Korea was of low concern. Furthermore, the MOEs of the estimated equivalent BaP calculated by TEFs of other 3 PAHs were higher than those of mixed PAHs, which would be overestimated.
Elimination of onchocerciasis in Africa by 2025: an ambitious target requires ambitious interventions
Authors: Colebunders Robert , Stolk Wilma A. , Siewe Fodjo Joseph Nelson , Mackenzie Charles D. , Hopkins Adrian
Published: October 2019

To achieve the elimination of onchocerciasis transmission in all African countries will entail enormous challenges, as has been highlighted by the active discussion around onchocerciasis intervention strategies and evaluation procedures in this journal.

Serological thresholds for onchocerciasis elimination, adapted for the African setting, need to be established. The Onchocerciasis Technical Advisory Subgroup of the World Health Organization is currently developing improved guidelines to allow country elimination committees to make evidence-based decisions. Importantly, onchocerciasis-related morbidity should not be forgotten when debating elimination prospects. A morbidity management and disease prevention (MMDP) strategy similar to that for lymphatic filariasis will need to be developed. This will require collaboration between the onchocerciasis elimination program, the community and other partners including primary health and mental health programs.

In order to reach the goal of onchocerciasis elimination in most African countries by 2025, we should prioritize community participation and advocate for tailored interventions which are scientifically proven to be effective, but currently considered to be too expensive.
Sex differences in traumatic brain injury: a multi-dimensional exploration in genes, hormones, cells, individuals, and society
Authors: Ma Cheng , Wu Xin , Shen Xiaotian , Yang Yanbo , Chen Zhouqing , Sun Xiaoou , Wang Zhong
Published: October 2019

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is exceptionally prevalent in society and often imposes a massive burden on patients’ families and poor prognosis. The evidence reviewed here suggests that gender can influence clinical outcomes of TBI in many aspects, ranges from patients’ mortality and short-term outcome to their long-term outcome, as well as the incidence of cognitive impairment. We mainly focused on the causes and mechanisms underlying the differences between male and female after TBI, from both biological and sociological views. As it turns out that multiple factors contribute to the gender differences after TBI, not merely the perspective of gender and sex hormones. Centered on this, we discussed how female steroid hormones exert neuroprotective effects through the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanism, along with the cognitive impairment and the social integration problems it caused. As to the treatment, both instant and long-term treatment of TBI requires adjustments according to gender. A further study with more focus on this topic is therefore suggested to provide better treatment options for these patients.
Mesenchymal Neuroblastoma Cells Are Undetected by Current mRNA Marker Panels: The Development of a Specific Neuroblastoma Mesenchymal Minimal Residual Disease Panel
Authors: van Wezel Esther M. , van Zogchel Lieke M.J. , van Wijk Jalenka , Timmerman Ilse , Vo Ngoc-Kim , Zappeij-Kannegieter Lily , deCarolis Boris , Simon Thorsten , van Noesel Max M. , Molenaar Jan J. , van Groningen Tim , Versteeg Rogier , Caron Huib N. , van der Schoot C. Ellen , Koster Jan , van Nes Johan , Tytgat Godelieve A.M.
Published: October 2019

PURPOSE

Patients with neuroblastoma in molecular remission remain at considerable risk for disease recurrence. Studies have found that neuroblastoma tissue contains adrenergic (ADRN) and mesenchymal (MES) cells; the latter express low levels of commonly used markers for minimal residual disease (MRD). We identified MES-specific MRD markers and studied the dynamics of these markers during treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Microarray data were used to identify genes differentially expressed between ADRN and MES cell lines. Candidate genes were then studied using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in cell lines and control bone marrow and peripheral blood samples. After selecting a panel of markers, serial bone marrow, peripheral blood, and peripheral blood stem cell samples were obtained from patients with high-risk neuroblastoma and tested for marker expression; survival analyses were also performed.

RESULTS

PRRX1, POSTN, and FMO3 mRNAs were used as a panel for specifically detecting MES mRNA in patient samples. MES mRNA was detected only rarely in peripheral blood; moreover, the presence of MES mRNA in peripheral blood stem cell samples was associated with low event-free survival and overall survival. Of note, during treatment, serial bone marrow samples obtained from 29 patients revealed a difference in dynamics between MES mRNA markers and ADRN mRNA markers. Furthermore, MES mRNA was detected in a higher percentage of patients with recurrent disease than in those who remained disease free (53% v 32%, respectively; P = .03).

CONCLUSION

We propose that the markers POSTN and PRRX1, in combination with FMO3, be used for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction–based detection of MES neuroblastoma mRNA in patient samples because these markers have a unique pattern during treatment and are more prevalent in patients with poor outcome. Together with existing markers of MRD, these new markers should be investigated further in large prospective studies.
Crosslinking activity of non-muscle myosin II is not sufficient for embryonic cytokinesis in C. elegans
Authors: Osorio D. S. , Chan F. Y. , Saramago J. , Leite J. , Silva A. M. , Sobral A. F. , Gassmann R. , Carvalho A. X.
Published: October 2019

Cytokinesis in animal cells requires the assembly and constriction of a contractile actomyosin ring. Non-muscle myosin II is essential for cytokinesis, but the role of its motor activity remains unclear. Here, we examine cytokinesis in C. elegans embryos expressing non-muscle myosin motor mutants generated by genome editing. Two non-muscle motor-dead myosins capable of binding F-actin do not support cytokinesis in the one-cell embryo, and two partially motor-impaired myosins delay cytokinesis and render rings more sensitive to reduced myosin levels. Further analysis of myosin mutants suggests that it is myosin motor activity, and not myosin's ability to crosslink F-actin, that drives the alignment and compaction of F-actin bundles during contractile ring assembly, and that myosin motor activity sets the pace of contractile ring constriction. We conclude that myosin motor activity is required at all stages of cytokinesis. Finally, characterization of the corresponding motor mutations in C. elegans major muscle myosin shows that motor activity is required for muscle contraction but dispensable for F-actin organization in adult muscles.
Oxygen-Deficient TiO2-δ Synthesized from MIL-125 Metal-Organic Framework for Photocatalytic Dye Degradation
Authors: Jawdat Fanar Hussein , Lin Jianjian , Dou Shi Xue , Park Min-Sik , Nattestad Andrew , Kim Jung Ho
Published: October 2019

Two of the biggest limitations for titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalysis are the lack of visible light response and the need for higher surface areas in order to maximize sites where reactions can take place. In this work, a Metal-Organic Framework (MOF), specifically MIL-125, is employed as a template to produce TiO2 particles with high specific surface area and well-controlled porosity. When annealed under a hydrogen atmosphere to create an oxygen deficient TiO2−δ, which is black in appearance, enhanced photocatalytic properties are observed, importantly including a significant visible light response in the degradation of model pollutant Rhodamine B.
Clinical endocrinology of children and adolescents. Part 1
Authors: Самойлова Юлия , Samoylova Yuliya , Олейник Оксана , Oleynik Oksana , Матвеева Мария , Matveeva Mariia , Столярова Валентина , Stolyarova Valentina , Коваренко Маргарита , Kovarenko Margarita , Ротканк Мария , Rotkank Mariya , Сиволобова Татьяна , Sivolobova Tat'yana , Подчиненова Дарья , Podchinenova Dar'ya , Кошмелева Марина , Koshmeleva Marina
Published: October 2019

The textbook highlights the main pathological conditions in pediatric endocrinology, as well as their diagnosis and treatment. Materials for self-control and situational tasks are given.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation.
It is intended for students, students of postgraduate professional education, pediatric endocrinologists, pediatricians, endocrinologists, therapists and General practitioners.
Salivary screening for Selenomonas noxia in the oral cavity of pediatric patients
Authors: Davidowitz Rachelle , Howard Katherine M. , Kingsley Karl
Published: October 2019

The oral microbiome may be affected by patient medications, disease conditions and systemic disorders. Selenomonas noxia is an anaerobic, motile, non spore-forming, gram-negative rod that has been repeatedly associated with periodontal disease and other disorders, including obesity. Based upon the paucity of evidence regarding oral prevalence, the objective of was to evaluate S. noxia prevalence by sampling saliva from the oral cavity to screen for this pathogen. Using an existing saliva repository, DNA was isolated and screened using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Demographic analysis of study samples and qPCR results was also performed. Approximately half of the samples (n=96) were derived from females (51%) and the majority were from Hispanic patients (62.5%). Following DNA isolation and qPCR screening 37.5% (n=35) were found to harbor S. noxia DNA, which was more prevalent among the samples derived from adults (n=22 or 22.9%) than pediatric patients (n=13 or 13.5%). This study provides novel information regarding the oral prevalence of S. noxia among both pediatric and adult populations from a dental school population. These data are an important part of the overall epidemiologic analysis of this organism and may provide some initial information regarding the risk for periodontal or other health issues related to the presence among these populations.
Assim foi meu passado: escrita autobiográfica, histórias e memórias do poeta José Costa Leite
Authors: Cabral Geovanni Gomes
Published: October 2019

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o processo de escrita da autobiografia A vida da minha vida, do poeta José Costa Leite. Nele, procurei descrever como ocorreu a aproximação com esse cordelista e sua experiência mediante seus escritos autobiográficos. Tomei como referência, para poder pensar essa “escrita e construção de si”, a leitura de Philippe Lejeune que permite problematizar essa narrativa de si e do arquivamento da própria vida. José Costa Leite é um poeta paraibano que reside na Zona da Mata Norte de Pernambuco. Vem, desde a década de 1940, escrevendo folhetos de cordel e produzindo xilogravuras e almanaques populares. Foi por volta dos 80 anos de idade que resolveu escrever seus relatos de memórias, com o objetivo deixar para as pessoas um registro de sua trajetória de vida. Portanto, busco estabelecer algumas reflexões acerca dessa construção poética e da narrativa de suas releituras do passado e do presente. Esse percurso analítico autobiográfico permitiu entender como a experiência, nas feiras, vendendo folhetos foi decisiva para sua escrita, firmando-se enquanto autor e produtor artístico.
Expediente
Authors: Correa Claudio Miranda
Published: October 2019

Expediente. Revista Maracanan, Rio de Janeiro, n. 22, set.-dez. 2019.
Rui Nunes ao espelho da Europa
Authors: Rita Annabela
Published: October 2019

Este trabalho visa a analisar o modo como Rui Nunes equaciona, na sua ficção, as relações entre vida e morte, através da mediação da dor, da doença, da senescência, da História colectiva e da biografia individual. Na estética do autor, a autorrepresentação desenvolve-se como reflexo ampliado de uma esfumada representação colectiva da Europa novecentista.
Espaço e displacement em The Enigma of Arrival e Youth
Authors: De Miranda Gabriel Fernandes , Monteiro Maria Conceição
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo pretende analisar as construções de espaço em dois romances contemporâneos de língua inglesa de V.S Naipaul e J.M Coetzee a partir de uma perspectiva histórica, buscando compreender as formas de diálogo com as figurações tradicionais dos espaços narrados. Atenta-se também para o desenvolvimento de lógicas de pertencimento para os protagonistas autoficcionais dos romances, com centralidade do conceito de displacement e os mecanismos de figuração espacial que vão, paulatinamente, definindo cenários que não acolhem aos protagonistas. O artigo baseou-se em um referencial teórico múltiplo com especial atenção às contribuições dos estudos culturais para a compreensão do lugar da literatura no campo mais amplo de discursos que circulam na malha social. A análise se finaliza com a conclusão de que ambos os romances constroem deslocamentos radicais para seus protagonistas a partir da figuração negativa dos espaços em questão, seja aquele da Inglaterra, seja o do local de origem, produzindo uma espécie de suspensão que aponta para uma impossibilidade de pertencimento convencionais para os personagens.
Sobre rostos e distâncias: deslocamentos nas narrativas bíblicas de Sara e Rebeca
Authors: Andrade Altamir Celio de
Published: October 2019

Este artigo examina as narrativas bíblicas sobre Sara e Rebeca. Essas personagens, presentes no Livro do Gênesis, são referenciais para se pensar o deslocamento espacial como indicativo de mudanças internas. O Gênesis inicia as páginas de uma obra clássica, emblemática influenciadora do pensamento ocidental, como alertaram Erich Auerbach, Northrop Frye, Robert Alter e Harold Bloom, dentre outros. Ainda que essa Escritura seja tradicionalmente compreendida como um conjunto de vozes masculinas e patriarcais, as mulheres que aparecem em suas linhas desempenharam importantes ações, garantindo a inauguração e manutenção de genealogias dos povos bíblicos em suas dimensões espaciais e simbólicas. A investigação proposta se deixará guiar pelos conceitos de exílio e deslocamento, utilizados contemporaneamente no contexto dos estudos literários, culturais e filosóficos, sobretudo a partir de Emannuel Lévinas, Stuart Hall e Jean-Luc Nancy. Portanto, pode-se adiantar que o estudo do comportamento dessas duas personagens, bem como de suas estratégias de sobrevivência, permite compreender o deslocamento dos seres humanos em todos os tempos e em diversas partes do mundo. O sofrimento, a astúcia e as identidades de Sara e Rebeca permitem reler a história do antigo Israel de forma vívida, estética e empolgante.
Migrações, especularidade e sororidade: as trajetórias identitárias empoderantes das protagonistas de A Hora da História, de Thrity Umrigar
Authors: Oliveira Luiz Manoel Da Silva , Carreira Shirley De Souza Gomes
Published: October 2019

O presente artigo tem por meta analisar o romance A hora da história (2014), de Thrity Umrigar, com base na tríade conceitual migrações-especularidade-sororidade, conforme esses elementos aparecem e influenciam a vida e a trajetória identitária das protagonistas Lakshmi e Maggie, com vistas a constatar a tomada de consciência por parte das protagonistas das diversas camadas, evidentes ou mais sutis, de exclusão, de preconceito, subalternização ou opressão a que os mecanismos da sociedade patriarcal oriental (indiana) e ocidental (estadunidense) as expõem. Como desdobramento desse processo, analisaremos as tensões e interações advindas das relações especulares entre as protagonistas que a narrativa vai tecendo para elas, assim como os efeitos da cooperação solidária e da amizade que a sororidade que se instalará nas suas vidas vai proporcionar. Por fim, a despeito dos percalços que os périplos identitários das protagonistas ocasionarão, constataremos a conquista de suas identidades mais empoderadas e desvinculadas da influência patriarcal. Nesse sentido, dentre os teóricos e críticos de que lançaremos mão, figuram Núbia Hanciau (2005), Stuart Hall (2003), Simon Harel (1992), Emílio Santoro (2014), Sandra Regina G. Almeida (2015), bell hooks (1997), Audre Lorde (1997) e Rehka Pande (2009).
Effect of a High Fat and High Protein Diet on Exercise-Induced Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy in Rats
Authors: Fujii Takako , Sonou Tomohiro , Nakai Naoya , Okamura Koji
Published: October 2019

The skeletal muscle mass varies by race. Dietary habits over generations are a factor that influences the skeletal muscle mass, as well as genetic factors. Therefore, we investigated the effects of diets with different macronutrient contents on exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy in rats. Male 4-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: a normal-diet (N), high-protein diet (HP) and high-fat diet (HF) group. The food intake was manipulated to gain comparable body weight across the three groups. All rats were performed a climbing training exercise for 8 weeks. The final body weight and weight of the liver, kidneys and adipose tissues did not significantly differ among the groups. The flexor hullucis lingus was significantly higher in the HF group than in the HP group. The total lipid content in the muscle was significantly higher in the HF group than in the N group, while it did not differ significant between the HF and HP groups. There were no marked differences in the water or protein content in the muscle among the groups. The plasma amino acid concentration was significantly or tended to be lower in the HP group than in the HF or N group, except for the branched-chain amino acid concentration, which tended to be higher after ingesting the HP diet than other diets. These findings suggest that consuming an HP diet is not likely to facilitate exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy, partly due to the plasma amino acid imbalance induced by habitual HP diet consumption.
Endocrine and messenger systems during adaptation to high-altitude conditions
Authors: Vishnevsky A. A. , Zakirov D. Z. , Yakovlev V. M. , Zholdubayeva L. Y. , Zakharov G. A.
Published: October 2019

Of endocrine cascades and messenger systems, the authors con­ducted this study involving two series of experiments. The pattern of interaction of hormones and secondary messengers while adapting to high-altitude was clarified in the first series. The re­sponse of phosphoinositide to exogenous epinephrine was exam­ined in the second series. The experimental data are represented as primary mean values ± standard deviations. Two phases of activity of the hormonal system are shown. These are the exci­tation of the hypothalamopituitary cascade and the enhanced production of glucocorticoids and catecholamines during early adaptation and the return of activity of the hormonal system to the baseline values by day 14 of adaptation. By that time the re­arrangements in the phosphoinositide messenger system consists in increasing the proportion of polyphosphoinositides in the total membranous fraction of inositol-containing phospholipids, in adrenalectomized animals to a greater extent. The above events give rise to new coordination relations between hormones and secondary messengers. It is concluded that that the phosphoi­nositide messenger system is involved in the formation of defense mechanisms the reduce the destructive effects of large amounts of epinephrine.
Associations between insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and HLA-DQA1 alleles
Authors: Mersiyanova I. I. , Knyazev Yu. A. , Burdenko M. V. , Sebko T. V. , Yevgrafov О. V.
Published: October 2019

The incidence of HLA-DQA1 alleles was assessed in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), their relatives, and healthy controls using HLA-DQA1 genotyping by digestion of PCR amplified DNA with allele-specific restriction enzymes. A significant increase in the incidence of HLA-DQA1*0301 allele was observed in diabetics although the ratio of DQA1*0301 homozygotes to heterozygotes was similar in the patients and controls. The presence of one DQA 1*0301 allele in the genome appeared to be sufficient for susceptibility to IDDM. Comparison of the incidence of other DQA1 "Arg52" alleles in diabetics and healthy controls revealed no differences between the groups. The incidence of DQA1 "non-Arg52" alleles (specifically DQA1*0201) was reduced in diabetics as compared to normal controls. The presence of these alleles may be considered as the "protective" factor.
Immunogenetic characteristics of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in young children
Authors: Osokina I. V. , Scherbacheva L. N. , Lebedev N. B. , Yazdovsky V. V. , Dedov I. I.
Published: October 2019

HLA phenotype was determined in 100 children (50 girls and 50 boys) with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) aged 5.9 ± 2.3 years, on an average, the mean age by the disease manifestation 2.7 + 1.1. Fifty-nine antigens belonging to classes I and II were analyzed. HLA markers of predisposition to IDDM in early childhood were revealed: DQw3 (Pcor = 3.4*10-5), DR3/DR4 (Pcor= 1.6*10-9), DR4 (Pcor = 7.8*10-12), DR3 (Pcor = 6.3*10-7), B8 (Pcor = 2.6*10-7), and the resistance marker DQw7 (Pcor = 1.1*10'8). HLA markers of predisposition to IDDM may hold promise for the study of genetically regulated mechanisms of IDDM development, serve the criteria for the prediction of disease course, and indicate the possible variants of diabetes in early childhood. Immunogenetic heterogeneity of IDDM in young children has been proved. In girls the DR4 antigen is more incident. B12 antigen is the key marker of IDDM in infants aged under one. If diabetes manifests before the age of three, the most frequent antigens are DR3 and DR3/4. DR3/4 is the precursor of grave course of diabetes and predisposition to allergic diseases. В13 indicates an etiologic relationship of diabetes with rubella. DQ1, DR1 and B35 point to relationships with varicella.
Rare Tumors and Diseases of the Thyroid (Book Review)
Authors: Privalov V. A.
Published: October 2019

The article is a review of the book by Prof. S. B. Pinsky and corresponding member of the RAMS A. P. Kalinin et al. on rare diseases and tumors of the thyroid gland, which is an extremely important and useful guide for practitioners. Generalization of experience, obtaining additional information and new knowledge about rare diseases will help to avoid errors in the diagnosis and treatment of this complex contingent of patients.
Modern aspects of nutrition planning for a child suffering from diabetes mellitus
Authors: Kasatkina E. P. , Odud E. A.
Published: October 2019

Fluctuation of blood sugar during the day in a patient with diabetes is largely determined by the nature and mode of his diet. In this regard, nutrition planning, taking into account the glycemic effect of food and the maximum compliance with the insulin therapy regimen, is one of the main links in good control of diabetes. Planning a child’s nutrition is imperative to provide for his age-related energy needs and the optimal ratio of basic food ingredients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates) without lowering the daily calorie rate. The adequacy of the energy and biological value of food to the age requirements of the child is assessed by the normal rate of physical and mental development of the sick child, as well as his good health. However, a child should not only receive food calories, proteins, fats and carbohydrates “due” to him by age, but also enjoy the food. It depends on how diverse the patient’s diet is and how the doctor takes into account the stereotype of the family’s nutrition and the patient’s eating habits: if the regimen and nature of the food recommended by the doctor is familiar and convenient for the patient, this will not create difficulties for observing the basic “dietary” rules.
Role of GABA-A and GABA-B receptors of the brain in the hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular regulation by the negative feedback mechanism
Authors: V. Naumenko Ye. V. , Amikishiyeva A. V. , Serova L. I.
Published: October 2019

The role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) of the brain and its receptors in the hypothalamo-pituitary-testicular (HPT) regulation by the negative feedback mechanism was for the first time studied in sham-operated and unilaterally castrated adult Wister rats. Increased level of GABA in the central nervous system following an injection of GABA transaminase inhibitor, aminoacetic acid, into the lateral ventricle of the brain was associated with activation of a compensatory increase of testosterone level in the blood, caused by unilateral castration. GABA effect is mediated through the receptors. Muscimol stimulation of GABA-A receptors of the central nervous system activated and their blocking with bicucullin inhibited a compensatory increase of testosterone level in the blood caused by hemicastration. Baclofen stimulation of cerebral GABA-B receptors was associated with an inhibition and their saclofen blocking with stimulation of the level of male sex steroid hormone in the blood following unilateral castration. A conclusion is made about participation of GABAergic mechanisms of the brain in the regulation of HPT function via the negative feedback mechanism