bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stronger Conspiracy Beliefs Are Associated With a Stronger Tendency to Act Dishonestly and an Overestimation of Others’ Dishonesty
Authors: Alper Sinan , Toribio-Flórez Daniel , Capraro Valerio , Douglas Karen M.
Published: December 2024

Conspiracy theories assert that others have engaged in dishonest actions. However, existing research indicates that individuals who believe in conspiracy theories may themselves be more inclined to engage in dishonest behavior. We conducted two preregistered studies—one in Turkey ( N = 706) and the other in Canada ( N = 835) and South Africa, ( N = 867)—testing the hypotheses that conspiracy beliefs would be positively correlated with (a) dishonest behavior during a monetary incentivized lying task and (b) overestimating the prevalence of dishonesty among other people. Overall, we found that stronger conspiracy beliefs were associated with higher dishonesty. Participants tended to overestimate dishonesty among their peers, but this tendency was significantly more pronounced among people with stronger conspiracy beliefs. Contrary to our hypothesis, country-level corruption did not moderate this association. These results shed light on the complex relationship between conspiracy beliefs, dishonesty, and expectations of dishonesty.
Outcomes and management of invasive procedures in participants with hemophilia A post gene therapy: a post hoc analysis of the GENEr8-1 phase III trial
Authors: Quon Doris V. , Wang Jiaan-Der , Wang Michael , Pepperell Dominic , Park Young-Shil , Kenet Gili , Mahlangu Johnny , Khoo Teh-Liane , Robinson Tara M. , Chavele Konstantia-Maria , Pipe Steven W.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Hemophilia A is caused by coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) deficiency and increases bleeding risk during invasive procedures.

Objectives:

To investigate FVIII concentrate use and bleeding outcomes for invasive procedures after valoctocogene roxaparvovec gene transfer.

Design:

This manuscript presents post hoc analysis of the phase III GENEr8-1 trial.

Methods:

A post hoc analysis was performed for GENEr8-1, a global, single-arm, open-label, phase III trial that enrolled 134 adults with severe hemophilia A. FVIII activity and bleeding were evaluated after 2 years of follow-up. Invasive procedures were reviewed and categorized as major or minor. FVIII activity was measured with a chromogenic assay. Bleeding was self-reported by participants. Principal investigators completed questionnaires about perioperative management.

Results:

In total, 111 invasive procedures were performed in 65 participants during GENEr8-1 as of the data cut. Procedures performed with FVIII treatment included 33 minor and 11 major procedures. The remaining 67 invasive procedures were minor and performed without FVIII treatment. When considering these 67 minor procedures, 43/46 investigators completing the questionnaires reported that the gene-therapy-derived FVIII activity was sufficient for the type of procedure. Minor procedures performed without FVIII treatment were associated with participants’ higher mean endogenous FVIII activity (50.5 IU/dL) compared with major procedures (14.2 IU/dL) or minor procedures (16.4 IU/dL) performed with concomitant FVIII. Fourteen participants experienced 18 procedure-related bleeds (13 co-occurring with FVIII use). Participants who received FVIII treatment for procedure-related bleeds had numerically lower mean endogenous FVIII activity than those who did not receive FVIII treatment.

Conclusion:

Invasive procedures were safely performed in participants following treatment with valoctocogene roxaparvovec. The questionnaire responses from investigators generally suggest they used endogenous FVIII activity derived from valoctocogene roxaparvovec to inform clinical decisions in a manner comparable to exogenously administered FVIII, and more commonly prescribed supplementary FVIII concentrate in the peri-procedural period for participants with lower FVIII activity levels.
The association of artificial intelligence ethical awareness, attitudes, anxiety, and intention-to-use artificial intelligence technology among nursing students
Authors: Migdadi Moh''d Khair , Oweidat Islam Ali , Alosta Mohammad R. , Al-Mugheed Khalid , Saeed Alabdullah Amany Anwar , Farghaly Abdelaliem Sally Mohammed
Published: December 2024

Background

As artificial intelligence (AI) continues to permeate various sectors including healthcare, understanding its impact on nursing students’ attitudes and intentions to use is crucial. To examine the association of AI ethical awareness, attitudes, anxiety, and intention-to-use AI technology among Jordanian nursing students.

Method

A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used. The study was conducted in three private universities in Jordan, utilizing a convenience sampling technique; data were collected from a sample of 140 nursing students between January and March 2024.

Results

Results showed moderate levels of AI ethical awareness, attitudes toward AI technology, anxiety to use AI, and intention-to-use AI technology among Jordanian nursing students. There are no significant differences found in the levels of AI ethical awareness, attitudes toward AI technology, anxiety to use AI, and intention-to-use AI based on gender and study year ( p < 0.01). Intention-to-use AI had a significant positive relationship with AI ethical awareness ( r = 0.521, p < 0.001), students’ attitudes toward AI (0.558, p < 0.001), and anxiety to use AI ( r = 0.407, p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The need to keep pace with technological developments is urgent and crucial, especially in nursing educational institutions. The findings shed important light on the levels of behavioral intention toward AI, as well as on variables such as ethical awareness, attitudes, and anxiety about AI, and the effect of demographics on participants’ attitudes, anxiety, and intentions to use AI technology.
Technology use in long-term care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study of paid employees’ experiences in Western Canada
Authors: Chew Hui-Jun , Freeman Shannon , Jackson Piper , Hemingway Dawn , Klassen-Ross Tammy , Martin-Khan Melinda , Banner Davina
Published: December 2024

Background

During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments across the world implemented processes and policies to limit the spread of COVID-19, especially in long-term care (LTC) homes. This led to changes in technology use for persons living in LTC homes, their families and friends, as well as the paid workforce dedicated to caring for them.

Objective

The study describes the role of technology and its impact on the experiences of LTC staff working in northern and rural areas in Western Canada during COVID-19.

Methods

A secondary analysis of semi-structured interviews with 52 LTC staff was conducted. Qualitative data was analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach.

Results

Analysis of the study data revealed that new and innovative uses of technology emerged in the LTC setting during COVID-19, including technologies to support communication and collaboration with medical and health care professionals external to the LTC homes. Video-conferencing technology were rapidly implemented to facilitate virtual visits for LTC residents to connect to their families, further new streaming services were introduced to support recreational activities, including live music and spiritual services. LTC residents required significant support from staff to participate in virtual activities. Inadequate Internet infrastructure and scheduling difficulties in the context of severe staff shortages created challenges in technology adoption.

Conclusions

This research provides insight into how technology can support LTC teams in northern and rural communities, as well as supports needed for LTC residents and staff to integrate technology effectively. The study informs actionable insights for those working in rural LTC settings.
Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease in Children and Adolescents Under 18 in Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Danso Kwadwo A. , Appah Grace , Akuaku Rosemary S. , Karikari Yaa S. , Ansong Annette K. , Edwin Frank , Yao Nana-Akyaa
Published: December 2024

Background

There are limited population-based studies on congenital heart disease (CHD) in the pediatric population in Africa. Technological advancements in diagnostic tools have resulted in multiple echocardiographic studies in hospital settings. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CHD in both settings (population-based and hospital based) followed by comparing the two estimates for a difference.

Methods

We systematically searched PubMed, Google Scholar, African Journals Online, and African Index Medicus for eligible studies from 1992 through 2022. We performed a meta-analysis using the random-effects model.

Results

We selected 42 studies; 10 population studies with 1,011,163 participants, and 32 hospital-based studies with 605,268 patients for the analyses. The population and hospital-based prevalence were 5.12 versus 12.63 per 1,000 population of children ( P = .007). Ventricular septal defect was the most common type of CHD in both settings (0.61 vs 1.88 per 1,000), followed by atrial septal defect (0.26 vs 0.68 per 1,000). Tetralogy of Fallot was the most common cyanotic heart lesion in both settings (0.08 vs 0.52 per 1,000).

Conclusions

The population-based prevalence of CHD was significantly lower than the hospital-based prevalence (5.12 vs 12.63 per 1,000 population of children). Juxtaposing these two prevalence estimates against each other can be a reasonable alternative to quantifying the contemporary burden of CHD in the pediatric population of Africa. Moving forward, efforts should bolster awareness of CHD in Africa, and further advocacy for children with CHD should be a priority on the continent.
Systematic literature review of the impact of spinal muscular atrophy therapies on bulbar function
Authors: McGrattan Katlyn , Walsh Katie , Mehl Lesa , Kaur Simarjeet , Dilly Keith W
Published: December 2024

Background:

Improvement and maintenance of bulbar function are important goals of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), but standardized and validated measures for assessing bulbar function do not exist, nor does a widely accepted definition of bulbar function in SMA. As such, the impact of DMTs on bulbar function has not yet been comprehensively evaluated.

Objective:

We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) to identify evidence about the impact of DMTs for SMA on bulbar function.

Methods:

We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines to conduct this review. Embase® and MEDLINE® databases were searched through August 10, 2023. Eligible studies included patients with SMA who were treated with any DMT and reported bulbar function outcomes. Non-English studies were excluded.

Results:

We identified 51 studies (across 83 publications) that evaluated SMA DMTs and bulbar function for more than 1600 patients. The ability to feed orally, the ability to tolerate liquids, and the need for nutrition support were commonly reported. Most infants treated with any DMT before SMA symptom onset preserved bulbar function. Infants, children, and adults treated after SMA symptom onset experienced variable results in terms of bulbar function outcomes.

Conclusions:

The definition and assessment of bulbar function are not standardized. Therefore, the tools, scales, methods, and timing used for bulbar function assessments varied among studies. Larger prospective studies using standardized and age-based assessments with longer follow-up periods are needed to assess the clinical stability of bulbar function for patients with SMA who receive DMTs.
Virtual Surgical Planning in Craniofacial Surgery: The Top 50 Most Frequently Cited Papers
Authors: Wang Leda , Kreutz-Rodrigues Lucas , Gibreel Waleed
Published: December 2024

Background: Reporting the 50 most cited manuscripts on virtual surgical planning (VSP) for craniofacial surgery, thereby providing a comprehensive review of landmark papers. Methods: The Web of Science Citation Index was used to identify the 50 most cited manuscripts on VSP in craniofacial surgery. These were classified by level of evidence, type of study, topic of interest, and anatomic site. Results: The mean number of citations was 126.3 ± SD 51.7. Twenty were clinical papers: 9 reviews, and 21 workflow or technology. The most common level of evidence (LoE) was 4 ( n = 12), followed by 3 ( n = 6), 2 ( n = 1), and 5 ( n = 1). Thirty-nine of 50 articles focused on the maxillomandibular area of the face, 5 zygomatic, 5 orbit, 2 cranial vault, and 1 nasal ethmoid bone. The majority of articles (37 of 50) were on orthognathic surgery, 11 facial reconstruction, 2 calvarium reconstruction or craniosynostosis, and 2 free flap procedures. Year of publication ranged from 2000 to 2019; 34 articles were published in craniomaxillofacial journals. Conclusion: VSP is a relatively new technology and most highly cited articles on this topic pertain to workflow, technology, and protocols, as these are necessary for its integration into clinical practice. In our list, VSP was most used in orthognathic surgery; however, due to the potential increased efficiency and accuracy, it is being explored in other areas of craniofacial surgery such as facial reconstruction and craniosynostosis. Accordingly, we expect to see increasingly widespread usage of VSP in other areas of surgery, which could potentially lead to highly cited papers.
The Association Between Intensive Care Unit Nurses’ Perception of Nursing Professional Autonomy and Nursing Professionalism: A Descriptive Correlational Design
Authors: Al-sbehat Alaa Mefleh , Eshah Nidal Fareed , Rayan Ahmad Hussien , Abu Raddaha Ahmad H. , Al Omari Omar , Alhalaiqa Fadwa
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The evolving landscape of healthcare in Jordan presents unique challenges and opportunities for nursing professionals. With a focus on critical care nurses, understanding the dynamics of professional autonomy and professionalism within this context is crucial for advancing nursing practice and improving patient care.

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between perceived nursing professional autonomy and professionalism among critical care nurses in Jordan.

Methods

A descriptive correlation design was used among critical care nurses from five major Jordanian governmental hospitals. A total of 227 questionnaires were distributed, with a final sample size of 200 participants. Data were collected between August and September 2023. Professional autonomy and professionalism were measured using the Dempster Practice Behaviors Scale and the Nurses' Professionalism Inventory, respectively. We used the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines in the current study.

Results

The study revealed moderate levels of perceived professional autonomy (mean DPBS total score: 103.94) and professionalism (mean NPI total score: 119.12) among participants. A significant positive correlation ( r = .49, p < .001) was observed between these two constructs. However, demographic and work-related factors showed minimal influence on these perceptions.

Conclusion

The study highlights the importance of professional autonomy and professionalism in improving nursing care in Jordan. It recommends targeted approaches like ongoing education and supportive workplace policies to bolster these aspects. These findings have significant implications for nursing policy and education across various healthcare settings.
Intrauterine Device Use and Perceptions Among Women in Tanzania—A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Massay Catherine Safari , Rivenes Lafontan Sara , Rogathi Jane Januarius , Safari Upendo S. , Sigalla Geofrey Nimrod
Published: December 2024

Introduction

The intrauterine device (IUD) represents the most cost-effective, long-acting reversible form of contraception, but accounts for only 1% of all contraception methods used in Tanzania.

Objective

This study aims to determine the uptake of IUD use and investigate the perceptions, challenges, and recommendations surrounding the use of intrauterine devices among women of reproductive age in Tanzania.

Method

A cross-sectional study was conducted including 347 women, as well as qualitative semi-structured interviews with 11 women. Quantitative data were entered into SPSS, and descriptive statistics were employed to summarize the data. Content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data.

Results

The prevalence of IUD use was 5%. The majority of the women interviewed were aware of myths and misconceptions concerning IUDs but wanted to use it after receiving information from healthcare providers.

Conclusion

The study found that the use of intrauterine devices was low in the study area and that there is a need to strengthen community engagement to reduce misconceptions about the use of IUDs.
Finite Element Analysis of the Influence that Bone Density and Implant Fixation Features have on Total Ankle Tibial Component Stability
Authors: Johnson Joshua E. , Clarke Gabriel , de Cesar Netto Cesar , Chrea Bopha , Anderson Donald D.
Published: December 2024

Background:

Primary implant stability is important for successful outcomes after uncemented total ankle replacement (TAR). However, the influence of patient-specific bone density on TAR performance is poorly understood, especially for implants that rely on press-fit for stable primary fixation. Our goal was to evaluate how bone density influences implant-bone interfacial micromotions in 3 press-fit tibial component designs by sampling from a TAR preoperative planning database using finite element analysis (FEA).

Methods:

FEA was conducted in 4 TAR patients with relatively low-density (n = 2, lowest 10% of a sample including 58 patients) and average-density (n = 2, midrange of sample) bone as assessed from deidentified patient CT scans. Three tibial implant designs were evaluated: a bone-sparing resurfacing implant, a cortex-sparing anterior approach monoblock stemmed implant, and a distal-reaming modular stemmed implant. Implants were inserted into tibia geometries obtained from the CT scans. Press-fit implantation was modeled first, followed by loadings from the stance phase of gait, and the associated micromotions were computed from the FEA output.

Results:

In general, patients with average-density bone had FEA predicted lower micromotions than patients with low-density bone. FEA suggests that implant fixation features had less influence on micromotions in patients with average-density bone, with peak micromotions ranging from 2 to 23 µm (3.1 ± 1.3 µm average micromotion). For patients with low-density bone, interfacial regions are predicted to experience micromotions exceeding the bony ingrowth threshold of 50 µm only for the resurfacing implant.

Conclusion:

We investigated the influence of bone density on implant-bone micromotions with varying primary fixation features using FEA. The model predicts that micromotions are less in average-density bone, regardless of implant fixation features. However, both stemmed devices showed lower micromotions in less-dense bone, albeit with the corresponding clinical trade-off of requiring more tibial bone removal.

Clinical Relevance:

The results presented here implicate the complementary role that local bone density plays in the primary fixation stability of uncemented TAR.
10-Year Survival Rate of 82% Following 262 Cases of Arthroscopic Bone Marrow Stimulation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus
Authors: Rikken Quinten , Aalders Margot , Dahmen Jari , Sierevelt Inger , Stufkens Sjoerd , M.M.J. Kerkhoffs Gino M
Published: December 2024

Category:

Arthroscopy; Ankle

Introduction/Purpose:

The long-term sustainability of arthroscopic bone marrow stimulation (BMS) for osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLT) remains a matter of debate. The primary aim of the present study is to assess the 10-year survival following arthroscopic BMS for OLT. The secondary aim is to evaluate the influence of baseline patient- and lesion characteristics on survival.

Methods:

Patients who underwent arthroscopic BMS for a symptomatic OLT with a minimum follow-up of 10-years were included to assess procedure survival. The primary outcome, the 10-year cumulative survival rate, was analysed with a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Secondary outcomes concerned the median time to survival and the effect of baseline factors (i.e., lesion size, primary or non-primary lesion type, preoperative cysts, and obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m²) on survival and was analysed with a cox-regression model and reported with hazard ratios (HR).

Results:

From the 262 patients included at a mean 15.3 ± 4.8 years follow-up, the 10-year cumulative survival rate of arthroscopic BMS was 82% [95%-CI: 77% - 87%]. At 15-years follow-up the cumulative survival rate was 82% [95%-CI: 76% - 86%]. The median time to revision was 2.4 (interquartile range: 1.3 – 5.1) years. Of the baseline factors, obesity (HR: 3.0 [95%-CI: 1.44 – 6.43], p= < 0.01) was associated with decreased survival. Lesion size (HR: 0.9 [95%-CI: 0.5– 1.8] p= 0.8), non-primary lesion type (HR: 1.8 [95%-CI: 0.9 – 3.4] p= 0.1), and the presence of preoperative cysts (HR: 1.0 [95%-CI: 0.6 – 1.9] p= 0.9) were not significantly associated with survival.

Conclusion:

At a minimum follow-up of 10-years, the survival rate of arthroscopic BMS for OLT was 82%. At 15- and 20-years follow-up survival seems to remain stable. Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) was associated with a higher likelihood of revision surgery. This risk factor should be incorporated into the treatment algorithm for OLT when counselling patients for surgery.
A Cadaveric Study: Does Ankle Positioning Impact the Quality of Anatomic Syndesmosis Reduction?
Authors: Foster Jeffrey A. , Aneja Arun , Nazal Mark R. , Griffin Jarod T. , Muhammad Maaz , Sierra-Arce Carlos R. , Southall Wyatt G.S. , Wagner Robert K. , Borgida Jacob S.W. , Ly Thuan V. , Srinath Arjun
Published: December 2024

Category:

Trauma; Ankle

Introduction/Purpose:

To compare the quality of syndesmotic reduction with the ankle in maximal dorsiflexion versus neutral plantarflexion (normal resting position).

Methods:

Two fellowship-trained orthopaedic surgeons disrupted syndesmoses of 10 cadaveric ankle specimens from 5 donors. All ankles were initially placed in neutral plantarflexion and were subsequently reduced and stabilized with one 0.062-inch K-wire in a quadricortical fashion. Post-reduction computed tomography (CT) scans were then obtained. This process was repeated with the ankles placed in maximal dorsiflexion. Post-reduction CT scans were compared to baseline CT imaging obtained prior to syndesmotic disruption. Mixed-effects linear regression was used to assess differences between baseline scans and reduction in neutral plantarflexion and maximal dorsiflexion with significance set at P< 0.05.

Results:

Syndesmotic reduction and stabilization in maximal dorsiflexion led to increased external rotation of the fibula compared to baseline scans [13.0 degrees ± 5.4 degrees (mean ± SD) vs. 7.5 degrees ± 2.4 degrees, P=0.002]. There was a tendency towards lateral translation of the fibula with the ankle placed in maximal dorsiflexion (3.3 mm ± 1.0 mm vs. 2.7 mm ± 0.7 mm, P=0.096). No other statistically significant differences between measurements of reduction with the ankle placed in neutral plantarflexion or maximal dorsiflexion and baseline were present (P>0.05).

Conclusion:

Reducing the syndesmosis with the ankle in maximal dorsiflexion leads to malreduction with external rotation of the fibula. There was no statistically significant difference in reduction quality with the ankle placed in neutral plantarflexion. Future studies should assess the clinical implications of ankle positioning during syndesmotic fixation.
Agreement Analysis on Postoperative Care Between ChatGPT and a High-Volume Foot and Ankle Surgeon.
Authors: Efrima Ben , Barbero Agustin , Indino Cristian , Maccario Camilla , Giuseppe Usuelli Federico
Published: December 2024

Category:

Other; Ankle Arthritis

Introduction/Purpose:

ChatGPT is an Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm based on a user-friendly interface that does not requires advanced programming skills. Since its release to the public, it has made AI more accessible. As a result, the Patient refers to chat GTP for medical inquiries. This study compares the postoperative (PO) information provided by chatGPT to those of a high-volume foot and ankle orthopedics surgeon

Methods:

The study includes 251 patients treated for end-stage osteoarthritis with total ankle arthroplasty. Postoperative emails containing inquiries about their PO status were uploaded to chatGTP. We then evaluated the agreement in simple (SA) and complex (CA) answers. The SA abbreviated the answer provided into "yes" or "no" Its agreement analysis was made using Cohens Kappa. In contrast, CA contained detailed information, and answers were classified into complete agreement, partial agreement, or complete disagreement. Additionally, in partial agreement answers, we calculated the percentage of agreement. Finally, we measured the cases where the surgeon added additional information unrelated to the inquiry.

Results:

There was only a slight agreement in the SA category (K=0.08). In the CA category, we found 27 percent of complete agreement; in 52 percent, we found complete disagreement; in 20 percent, we found only partial agreement. In 50 % of the cases, the surgeon added information unrelated to the question

Conclusion:

We found limited agreement between chat GPT and the primary surgeon regarding postoperative information. Indicating that chat, GPT is currently an unreliable source for postoperative management. TABLE 1. Agreement Between a High-volume foot and ankle surgeon and ChatGPT response to postoperative inquiries from patients with total ankle arthroplasty in Simple Response Category
Ankle Ligament Reconstruction-Return to Sport After Injury (ALR-RSI) Scale and Return to Sports After Ankle Ligament Reconstruction or Repair – A Systematic Review
Authors: Wang YuChia , Hinz Maximilian , Buchalter Wyatt H. , Drumm Amelia H. , Eren Emre A. , Haytmanek C. Thomas Thomas , Backus Jonathon D.
Published: December 2024

Category:

Ankle; Sports

Introduction/Purpose:

While objective outcome measures assessing foot and ankle function are well established to determine return to sport (RTS) following ankle injuries, psychological factors have been recognized in recent years to be equally important. The Return to Sport after Injury (RSI) scale has become an emergingly useful tool used in assessing psychological readiness to return to sporting activity after various pathologies and their treatment. The Ankle Ligament Reconstruction-Return to Sport after Injury (ALR-RSI) scale is a novel questionnaire and scoring system for the evaluation of psychological readiness to return to sport following lateral ankle ligament reconstruction or repair.

Purpose:

To systematically review existing literature regarding the ALR-RSI scale and to assess its correlation with RTS and functional outcomes as well as feasibility, reliability, and consistency.

Methods:

A systematic review of the literature based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) was conducting using PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library. Studies that evaluated psychological readiness after ankle ligament reconstruction or repair for the treatment of chronic lateral ankle instability using the ALR-RSI scale were included. The results from each study were pooled, and weighted means and overall rates were calculated.

Results:

In total, 157 patients (53.2% male, mean age: 34.2 years) from 3 articles were included. Overall, 85.0% of patients reported successful RTS, but only 48.9% of patients returned to the preoperative sporting level. All studies reported a significant difference in psychological scores between patients who returned to sport and those who didn’t. The pooled mean functional outcome measures, reported as the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot (AOFAS) Score and Karlsson-Peterson Score, were 82.7 (range, 29-100) and 81.7 (range, 25-100), respectively. The ALR-RSI scale demonstrated strong correlations with the AOFAS Score and Karlsson-Peterson Score.

Conclusion:

Patients who RTS after ankle ligament reconstruction or repair exhibited higher psychological readiness compared to those who didn’t return to sport. The ALR-RSI scale showed strong correlations with ankle function. Evaluation of psychological readiness using the ALR-RSI scale may provide an additional tool in the rehabilitation process of athletes that aim to assess RTS after ankle ligament reconstruction or repair.
Scenes of life's work: Migrant platform workers’ struggles over social reproduction in the context of welfare state bordering in Finland
Authors: Maury Olivia
Published: December 2024

Platformised services allow affluent others to socially reproduce themselves while reinforcing the barriers to reproduction for migrant workers. Drawing on participant observation and interviews with male migrant food couriers attempting to make a living in Helsinki, the article examines how the social reproduction of migrant platform workers’ labour power is shaped in the interstices between food delivery platforms and bordering processes. Through the notion of life's work, the article analyses how the couriers construct their lives around gig work, highlighting their agency in handling their life, labour and legal status. The argument put forth is that migrant platform workers’ social reproduction is not merely barred but reshaped in the intersection between, on the one hand, being subjected to the labour platform and welfare state bordering and, on the other, the subjective efforts through which migrants manage their life-making practices, revealing a mutual but contentious interdependence between labour platforms and migrant workers. The article enhances current understanding of the structural factors impacting migrant workers beyond just the platform itself, around which struggles emerge and which enable the extractive operations of platform capital.
Conditional probability of surface rupture: A numerical approach for principal faulting
Authors: Mammarella Lisa , Visini Francesco , Boncio Paolo , Baize Stephane , Scotti Oona , Beauval Celine , Pace Bruno , Thompson Stephen
Published: December 2024

This study presents a numerical approach for probabilistic fault displacement hazard analysis (PFDHA), aimed at addressing an alternative solution to commonly used empirical methodologies. Our model utilizes probability distributions to compute the conditional probability of surface rupture (CPSR). Leveraging earthquake catalogs, we derived the hypocentral depth distribution (HDD) across eight globally distributed seismotectonic regions categorized by faulting kinematics (normal, reverse, strike-slip). We calculated the hypocentral depth ratio (HDR) distribution, to model rupture position from the hypocenter. Rupture widths are estimated as a function of magnitude based on previously published scaling relations. User-input parameters, including fault style, average dip angle, and seismogenic depth, with associated uncertainties, derive the CPSR estimation of surface rupture occurrences. Our findings highlight seismogenic depth as the most influential parameter and reveal correspondences between empirical curves derived for specific regions. These findings support the use of source-specific surface rupture probability assessments over approaches based on global datasets, and underscore the importance of considering the local seismotectonic setting when evaluating fault displacement hazard. The numerical code for CPSR calculation has been developed and is openly accessible on GitHub.
Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2: a central player in pancreatic disease pathophysiology
Authors: Wang Kunpeng , Zhang Lilong , Deng Beiying , Zhao Kailiang , Chen Chen , Wang Weixing
Published: December 2024

Pancreatic diseases pose considerable health challenges due to their complex etiology and limited therapeutic options. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2), highly expressed in pancreatic tissue, participates in numerous physiological processes and signaling pathways, indicating its potential relevance in these diseases. Despite this, UCP2’s role in acute pancreatitis (AP) remains underexplored, and its functions in chronic pancreatitis (CP) and pancreatic steatosis are largely unknown. Additionally, the mechanisms connecting various pancreatic diseases are intricate and not yet fully elucidated. Given UCP2’s diverse functionality, broad expression in pancreatic tissue, and the distinct pathophysiological features of pancreatic diseases, this review offers a comprehensive analysis of current findings on UCP2’s involvement in these conditions. We discuss recent insights into UCP2’s complex regulatory mechanisms, propose that UCP2 may serve as a central regulatory factor in pancreatic disease progression, and hypothesize that UCP2 dysfunction could significantly contribute to disease pathogenesis. Understanding UCP2’s role and mechanisms in pancreatic diseases may pave the way for innovative therapeutic and diagnostic approaches.

Graphical Abstracts
BTF3 affects hepatocellular carcinoma progression by transcriptionally upregulating PDCD2L and inactivating p53 signaling
Authors: Kong Minyu , Shi Xiaoyi , Gao Jie , Guo Wenzhi
Published: December 2024

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, with the characteristics of high mortality and low 5-year survival rate. The potential role of BTF3 and PDCD2L in HCC remains unclear. Our study found that BTF3 expression was upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues, and its high expression was associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of BTF3 significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by cell function assay. Mechanistically, BTF3 plays an oncogenic role by regulating the transcriptional expression of PDCD2L, which promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of HCC cells by restraining the p53 pathway. In conclusion, our results suggest that BTF3 induces malignant progression of HCC by acting as a transcription factor that promotes the transcription of PDCD2L and influences the p53 pathway and that the BTF3/PDCD2L/P53 axis may be a future therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
A Pressure-Bearing Microwave Transmission Line for Rapid Energy-Efficient Manufacturing Systems of High-End Composite Parts
Authors: Zhou Jing , Li Yingguang , Zhu Zexin , Qi Xunyi , Hao Xiaozhong
Published: December 2024

Currently, a 2-port microwave transmission line with a glass window is usually used to transmit microwave energy to a pressure vessel while sealing the high-pressure gas. In this situation, the damage of the brittle glass window will inevitably result in disastrous accidents. In this paper, the idea of a “2+4”-port microwave transmission line is first proposed to solve this problem. A 4-port waveguide bridge structure is connected to the input port of a traditional 2-port structure, which can release the high-pressure gas safely when the glass window of the 2-port microwave transmitting structure fails. To test this idea, a “2+4”-port microwave transmission line at 2.45 GHz was designed and fabricated. The effectiveness of the whole system in microwave transmission was validated by both simulations and experiments. A high microwave transmittance of more than 97% in the simulation and 91% in the experiment was achieved. The long-time transmission of 15-kW microwave energy, 5 times higher than the previous work, was realized. Moreover, the effectiveness of the transmission line in releasing high-pressure gas (0.6 MPa) was validated by a series of fluid-structure interaction simulations. This research proposes a new transmission structure for transmitting microwave into a pressurized environment safely and efficiently, which can be promoted to a series of applications including vacuum electron devices, microwave ovens, and so on.
Current trends in the medial side of the knee: not only medial collateral ligament (MCL)
Authors: Lucidi Gian Andrea , Solaro Luca , Grassi Alberto , Alhalalmeh Mohammad Ibrahim , Ratti Stefano , Manzoli Lucia , Zaffagnini Stefano
Published: December 2024

The medial collateral ligament (MCL) is by far the most commonly injured ligament of the knee. The medial ligament complex covers a broad bony surface on the extraarticular portion of the femur and is highly vascularized, which allows for a high healing potential. For this reason, most MCL complex lesions were treated conservatively in the past. However, recent advancements regarding the MCL anatomy and kinematics highlighted the complex biomechanical behavior of the isolated and combined MCL lesion, and it is now fully appreciated that some MCL lesions warrant surgical treatment. The present review aims to provide the reader with an overview of the new evidence and advancement on the complex anatomy, biomechanics, and treatment of the MCL.
Comparative transcriptomes and WGCNA reveal hub genes for spike germination in different quinoa lines
Authors: Huang Liubin , Zhang Lingyuan , Zhang Ping , Liu Junna , Li Li , Li Hanxue , Wang Xuqin , Bai Yutao , Jiang Guofei , Qin Peng
Published: December 2024

Background

Quinoa, as a new food crop, has attracted extensive attention at home and abroad. However, the natural disaster of spike germination seriously threatens the quality and yield of quinoa. Currently, there are limited reports on the molecular mechanisms associated with spike germination in quinoa.

Results

In this study, we utilized transcriptome sequencing technology and successfully obtained 154.51 Gb of high-quality data with a comparison efficiency of more than 88%, which fully demonstrates the extremely high reliability of the sequencing results and lays a solid foundation for subsequent analysis. Using these data, we constructed a weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) related to starch, sucrose, α-amylase, and phenolic acid metabolites, and screened six co-expression modules closely related to spike germination traits. Two of the modules associated with physiological indicators were analyzed in depth, and nine core genes were finally predicted. Further functional annotation revealed four key transcription factors involved in the regulation of dormancy and germination processes: gene LOC110698065, gene LOC110696037, gene LOC110736224, and gene LOC110705759, belonging to the bHLH, NF-YA, MYB, and FAR1 gene families, respectively.

Conclusions

These results provide clues to identify the core genes involved in quinoa spike germination. This will ultimately provide a theoretical basis for breeding new quinoa varieties with resistance.
Benefits of early MR-Imaging in patients with acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective study
Authors: Grund Benedikt , Ebert Anne , Sandikci Vesile , Neumaier-Probst Eva , Alonso Angelika
Published: December 2024

Background

Neuroimaging plays a vital role in the diagnosis of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and in identifying the underlying etiology for appropriate therapeutic approach. This study aims to determine the significance and potential advantages of using early magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic tool for ICH.

Methods

This retrospective study included 359 patients with ICH treated at the Department of Neurology, Mannheim University Hospital between January 2017 and December 2021. Patient characteristics, stroke severity and imaging procedures were descriptively analyzed. Factors associated with the choice of imaging modalities were evaluated. The etiology of hemorrhage was retrospectively analyzed using the existing data. We recorded the reassignment of ICH etiology by comparing the assessment after first sole review of CT scan and then subsequent MRI review. The overall rate of reassignments and the reassignments per CT-based initial etiology were analyzed.

Results

In the sample of 359 patients with ICH (mean age 73.1 years, 55.4% male), patients receiving an additional MRI were significantly younger (p < .001) and were less severely affected by stroke (median NIHSS score 5 vs. 15, p < .001). MRI was performed significantly less frequently in patients who died during hospitalization (11.7% vs. 63.9%, p < .001). MRI led to a reassignment of ICH etiology in 48.2% of cases (80/166), uncovering unknown underlying causes in 69% of cases (49/71). Reassignment occurred most frequently in patients with a CT-based diagnosis of hypertensive ICH (18/50). The most frequent reassigned etiologies after MR imaging were cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA; 36 patients) and secondary hemorrhage of an ischemic stroke (30 patients).

Conclusions

Early MR imaging in patients with ICH improves the determination of underlying etiology and the conception of an appropriate treatment approach, potentially contributing to better patient outcomes.
Multidisciplinary approach to occlusal rehabilitation in a patient with true hemifacial hyperplasia and temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a case report
Authors: Choi Eun-Hack Andrew , Bae Jun-Hyeong , Lee Seeyoon , Kim Jee Hwan , Nguyen Loi Phuoc , Kim Jun-Young , Choi Sung-Hwan
Published: December 2024

Background

This case report details a true hemifacial hyperplasia with temporomandibular joint ankylosis case managed through a multidisciplinary approach involving department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, and prosthodontics.

Case presentation

A 42-year-old female patient presented with a chief complaint of limited mouth opening. Clinically, the patient exhibited severe facial asymmetry due to hyperplasia of the left facial region. Cone-beam computed tomography findings revealed overgrowth of the left mandible, zygomatic bone, and maxillary bone including alveolar bone, along with bony ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. To alleviate the restricted mouth opening, gap arthroplasty was initially performed. Additionally, alveoloplasty was carried out to address occlusal interference caused by the overgrown alveolar bone. Orthodontic treatment was conducted to reduce mandibular molar width and achieve proper overjet. For reconstruction of the left side occlusion, dental implants were placed using an implant surgical guide, followed by prosthetic rehabilitation. Total treatment duration was 48 months, resulting in stabilization of the patient’s occlusion.

Conclusion

By setting feasible goals through consultations among specialists from each department, based on three-dimensional simulations, successful and efficient occlusal rehabilitation can be achieved in a true hemifacial hyperplasia patient.
Experiences, attitudes, and knowledge of medical students regarding intellectual and developmental disability: a Canadian study
Authors: Tarzi Gabriel , Yip Alyssa , Jiwa Muhammad Irfan , Thakur Anupam , Mishra Soumya , Koch Laura , Mendoza Olivia , Perera Amandi , Mckenzie Lachina , Lunsky Yona
Published: December 2024

Background

As the healthcare of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) shifts toward community-based services, physicians in all areas of medicine are more likely to care for this population. To ensure that all physicians can provide high-quality care to people with IDD, further understanding and attention to undergraduate medical education related to IDD is needed.

Methods

A 24-item survey assessed the experiences, attitudes, knowledge, skills, and future interest of Canadian medical students regarding IDD. Descriptive statistics were calculated for questionnaire responses and responses of students who had more in-depth experience were compared to those of students with minimal past experience.

Results

A total of 443 Canadian medical students completed the survey. Students did not feel competent obtaining clear histories from people with IDD. Most students were not confident they could provide quality care to this population but wanted further learning. Students with prior IDD experiences through family/friends felt more knowledgeable and interested in caring for this population than those with community/clinical and minimal experiences.

Discussion

Many Canadian medical students lack the knowledge and skills needed to adequately care for people with IDD. Despite this, a majority of students were interested in further learning opportunities to improve care for people with IDD. These findings underscore the necessity of evaluating the current medical curriculum and implementing measures to better prepare students to care for this population.
Which psychological needs profile exhibits higher engagement and favorable attitudes toward interprofessional education? A cluster analysis among health and social care Hong Kong students
Authors: Dizon John Ian Wilzon T. , He Qing , Shen Xiaoai , Luk Pauline , Chong Doris Yin Kei , Chan Karen Man Kei , Chan Chad Wing Nga , Chan Sarah So Ching , Choy Jacky Chak Pui , Lam Chor Yin , Lee Diana Pui Ling , Manio Michael Magtoto , Ng Zoe Lai Han , Ng Terry Tin Wai , Orlu Mine , Sit Cecilia Tin Yan , Szeto Grace Pui Yuk , Yuen Jacqueline Kwan Yuk , Tipoe George L. , Ganotice Fraide A.
Published: December 2024

Background

This study aimed to investigate which basic psychological needs profile, based on different levels of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, could exhibit higher student engagement and favorable attitudes toward interprofessional education (IPE).

Methods

A total of 341 undergraduate and postgraduate health and social care students enrolled in an IPE simulation participated in this study. Data were analyzed using a person-centered approach using a two-step cluster analysis, multiple analysis of variance, and bootstrapped independent t-tests. The participants completed the self-report scales such as the basic psychological needs in general questionnaire, interprofessional attitudes scale, and engagement versus disaffection with learning scale.

Results

Two basic psychological needs profiles emerged from the cluster analysis: a high basic psychological needs profile (i.e., high autonomy, moderately high competence, and very high relatedness) and a low basic psychological needs profile (i.e., low autonomy, moderately low competence, and very low relatedness). Students with high basic psychological needs profiles (n = 140; 41%) had more positive attitudes about IPE and were more behaviorally and emotionally engaged in participating in IPE tasks than students with low basic psychological needs profiles (n = 201; 59%).

Conclusions

Findings suggest that health and social care students’ engagement and attitudes toward interprofessional education differed based on their basic psychological needs profiles. Health professions educators can leverage students’ basic psychological needs in designing interventions and simulation activities to promote students’ engagement and collaborative outcomes in IPE. Enhancing students’ basic psychological needs could be crucial in fostering greater behavioral and emotional engagement and positive attitudes in participating in IPE.