bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use of Water Quality Index to evaluate the groundwater characteristics of villages located in Edirne Province
Authors: TOKATLI Cem
Published: September 2020

In this research, water quality of groundwater of some villages located in Edirne Province of Turkey were evaluated by using Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI). Groundwater samples were collected from ten villages in winter season of 2019. Thirteen parameters including total dissolved solids – TDS, oxygen saturation – OS, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen – DO, turbidity, nitrate – NO3, electrical conductivity – EC, nitrite – NO2, sulphate – SO4, oxidation – reduction potential – ORP, phosphate – PO4 and chemical oxygen demand – COD were measured in groundwater samples. According to detected data, groundwater of the region has 1. Class quality for dissolved oxygen, pH, nitrite, sulphate and COD parameters in general and has 2. Class quality for oxygen saturation, EC, nitrate and phosphate parameters in general. It was also determined that any investigated water quality parameter has not exceeded the drinking water standards. As a result of WAWQI, the values of overall WAWQI were recorded within the permissible limits (<100) and the groundwater quality of the region was found as "A grade" water quality characteristic.
Using Mobile Brain/Body Imaging to Advance Research in Arts, Health & Related Therapeutics
Authors: King Juliet L , Parada Francisco J.
Published: September 2020

The original development of mobile brain/body imaging (MoBI) at the Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience at the University of California, San Diego (Makeig et al., 2009), expanded the ability to measure brain/body dynamics in real-world environments. Doing so offers valuable insights for cognitive neuroscience (Gramann et al., 2014; Ladouce et al., 2017; Shamay-Tsoory & Mendelsohn, 2019) and neurorehabilitation (Petrini et al., 2019; Spychala et al., 2019), and is reaching into neuroaesthetics (Cruz-Garza et al., 2019; Djebbara, Fich, & Gramann, 2019) and architecture (Djebbara, Fich, Petrini, et al., 2019). Overcoming restrictions of traditional brain imaging technologies with MoBI allows one to study cognition in natural settings and provides an ecologically relevant approach to the connections between the brain, body and behavior (Gramann et al., 2011, 2014; Ladouce et al., 2017). The use of MoBI to study clinical populations are expanding and allow for more direct study of the neurophysiological signals associated with behavior in psychotherapeutic encounters. Here, we will outline a framework that shows how MoBI can be used in creative arts therapies (i.e. visual art, music, dance movement and psychodrama). The framework is motivated by the recent Embodied, Extended, Embedded, and Enactive approach to Cognition (4E-Cognition, Newen et al., 2018)Parada & Rossi, 2020) and will help integrate neurosciences, arts and related therapeutics. We propose MoBI as a viable tool to advance our understanding of how best to improve clinical health outcomes in patient populations.
The overuse of Cronbach’s alpha in psychology of religion: A suggested alternative with a primer on how & when to use them
Authors: Charles Sarah Jane
Published: September 2020

The Psychology of Religion has had a tradition measuring things that are seemingly difficult to measure, such as one’s level of religiosity or spirituality – concepts that are polysemantic, so do not have a simple definition. In doing so, researchers have developed scales to measure such constructs. This trend in Psychology of Religion research will continue as researchers start to conduct studies in non-Western Educated Industrialized Rich Democratic (WEIRD) populations, as they will require new scales that are appropriate for the way that these populations conceptualize religiosity and spirituality. Scale construction takes multiple steps, which most researchers are well-acquainted with. One important step is to demonstrate both validity and reliability. In the Psychology of Religion, an overwhelming majority of researchers use Cronbach’s alpha to estimate scale reliability. However, alpha has multiple preconditions that can easily be violated in psychology research that are rarely tested for, let alone adjusted for. Much like with using parametric statistical analyses when parametric assumptions are violated, this approach may be leading to inaccurate reporting. This article will discuss; (1) whether alpha should be used at all in Psychology of Religion research and, if so, when it is appropriate; (2) introduce another estimate of scale reliability, Omega, and show how and it might be calculated; (3) provide examples of how these techniques might be taught to students studying Psychology of Religion at undergraduate and higher levels. In doing so, I hope to move the entire field of Psychology of Religion forward in terms of methodological rigor.
Competition between emotional faces in visuo-spatial working memory
Authors: Poncet Marlene , Spotorno Sara , Jackson Margaret
Published: September 2020

Visuo-spatial working memory (VSWM) helps track the identity and location of people during social interactions. Previous work showed better VSWM when all faces at encoding displayed a happy compared to an angry expression, reflecting a prosocial preference for monitoring who was where. However, social environments are not typically uniform, and certain expressions may more strongly compete for and bias face monitoring according to valence and/or arousal properties. Here we used heterogeneous encoding displays in which two faces shared one emotion and two shared another, and asked participants to relocate a central neutral probe face after a blank delay. When considering the emotion of the probed face independently of the co-occurring emotion at encoding, an overall happy benefit was replicated. However, accuracy was modulated by the non-probed emotion, with a relocation benefit for angry over sad, happy over fearful, and sad over happy faces. These effects did not depend on encoding fixation time, stimulus arousal, perceptual similarity, or response bias. Thus, emotional competition for faces in VSWM is complex and appears to rely on more than simple arousal- or valence- biased mechanisms. We propose a ‘social value’ account to better explain when and why certain emotions may be prioritised in VSWM.
ETIKA GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN
Authors: Ariawan Sandy
Published: September 2020

Buku ini menjadi bahan telaah etika guru Pendidikan Agama Kristen di tengah mengarungi kehidupan yang memasuki era baru yang dinamakan era disrupsi (disruption era). Tantangan yang semakin besar, karena pergeseran aktivitas yang semula dilakukan di dunia nyata berpindah pada dunia maya, menuntut ketajaman setiap guru PAK untuk dapat berpikir seperti Yesus berpikir dan mengambil tindakan seperti Yesus bertindak, seandainya Yesus menghadapi keadaan yang sama. Keputusankeputusan moral etis yang diambil bersumber dari pemahaman yang dalam akan kebenaran Firman Tuhan dan hati yang selalu dipimpin dan diterangi oleh Roh Kudus.
COVID-19 Policy Response and the Rise of the Sub-National Governments
Authors: Adeel Abdul Basit , Catalano Michael , Catalano Olivia , Gibson Grant , Muftuoglu Ezgi , Riggs Tara , Sezgin Mehmet Halit , Shvetsova Olga , Tahir Naveed , VanDusky-Allen Julie , Zhao Tianyi , Zhirnov Andrei
Published: September 2020

We examine the roles of sub-national and national governments in Canada and the United States vis-à-vis the protective public health response in the onset phase of the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This period was characterized in both countries by incomplete information as well as by uncertainty regarding which level of government should be responsible for which policies. The crisis represents an opportunity to study how national and sub-national governments respond to such policy challenges. In this article, we present a unique dataset that catalogues the policy responses of US states and Canadian provinces as well as those of the respective federal governments: the Protective Policy Index (PPI). We then compare the United States and Canada along several dimensions, including the absolute values of sub-national levels of the index relative to the total protections enjoyed by citizens, the relationship between early threat (as measured by the mortality rate near the start of the public health crisis) and the evolution of the PPI, and finally the institutional and legislative origins of the protective health policies. We find that the sub-national contribution to policy is more important for both the United States and Canada than are their national-level policies, and it is unrelated in scope to our early threat measure. We also show that the institutional origin of the policies as evidenced by the COVID-19 response differs greatly between the two countries and has implications for the evolution of federalism in each.
Features of upbringing the determination of senior pupils in the process of physical education
Authors: Masol V.
Published: September 2020

The article reveals the features of the upbringing of the determination of senior pupils in the process of physical education. Therefore, we carried out a theoretical analysis of the studied category and found that decisiveness is a volitional quality of a person, a conscious desire, which consists in the urgency of realizing a set goal and ways to achieve it. The age characteristics of senior pupils in the process of physical education are analyzed and it is found that this age period is sensitive in terms of upbringing of determination. We also found that modern students in grades 10-11 lack interest in physical culture classes, which leads to defective physical and personal development, and the like. It is emphasized that the effectiveness of the educational process depends on the use in institutions of general secondary education of a set of pedagogical conditions, content, types and methods (interactive) tested in practice, which are aimed at fostering the determination of high school students and other important personal qualities.

The article considers that determination is one of the strong-willed qualities that are quite actively developed in the process of physical education and has an invaluable impact on high school, as it covers not only his physical sphere, but also spiritual and emotional. It is worth noting that in the process of physical culture during the study of exercises improves the physical abilities of the student and develops his moral and volitional qualities.

It is established that senior school age is the most important period of development in a student's life. During this period, the morphological maturation of the organism ends and there are important changes in his personality, psychological and social maturation.
Characteristics of the psycho-emotional state of future police officers during sambo wrestling classes
Authors: Rusanivskii Sergii , Fedchenko Oleksii , Kruk Oleksandr , Oleksiichuk Sergii , Lysyk Ruslan , Shtoma Vadim , Bezpaliy Sergii
Published: September 2020

The specifics of police activities have a number of features that lead to negative emotional states, disorders of mental processes and necessitates the development of future police cadets professionally important psychological qualities. The article is devoted to the study of indicators of psychological qualities and emotional state of cadets of higher education institutions with specific training conditions – future police officers who were engaged in sambo wrestling during studying. The study was conducted at the National Academy of Internal Affairs in 2017-2020. The study involved cadets (male) of the 1st-4th years of study (18-22 years old, n=152). Two groups were formed: experimental group (EG) – cadets who during studying were engaged in the sambo wrestling section of the academy (n=32); control group (CG) – cadets who studied according to the current program of the physical training and did not attend additionally the sports sections of the academy (n=120). The professionally important psychological qualities of cadets-future police officers include: the ability to simultaneously perceive several objects (volume of attention), perform several actions (distribution of attention), focus on one object (concentration of attention), the ability to maintain the required intensity of attention for a long time (stability of attention). Research methods: analysis and generalization of literature sources, pedagogical testing, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. The positive influence of sambo wrestling classes on the level of psychological qualities and emotional state of cadets was revealed. Indicators of situational anxiety and emotional states of EG cadets in the 4th year of study were significantly better than those of CG cadets, which will provide cadets with high performance, and in the future – the effective implementation of professional tasks.
Modern technologies of motor activity of students: sports and health tourism and recreation»
Authors: Sergienko Yu.P. , Gulay V. , Chaplygin V.P. , Gavryljk V.A. , Gaievy V.
Published: September 2020

The article presents a theoretical analysis and summarizes the approaches on the use of tourism in recreational activities of students. Based on theoretical analysis and synthesis of specified scientific- methodical literature revealed that the need of the youth in active recreation, is an integral part of the harmonious, comprehensively developed personality of a student. In the article, given the present stage of development of the industry of scientific knowledge and on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of concepts and categories of recreation refined interpretation of the concept of "recreational culture" as a component of physical culture. In addition, recreational needs of students systematized. Proved the effectiveness of technology forming recreation culture of students taking into account the positive impact on indicators of physical condition, the theoretical training, the amount of motor activity, the organization of useful leisure and recreation. Substantiation for the structure and content of the technology of forming a recreational activity of students, and defined and developed organizational and methodical conditions of its realization in a higher educational institution means the health and recreational physical activity. The concept of sport tourism, sports and health campaign described. It outlines the main features and challenges of sport tourism, analyzes its types and functions. The article shows various approaches to the definition of this concept identified the characteristics and features. Classification of sport tourism will thoroughly examine its modifications and main development trends and characteristics, will allow organizing the knowledge and deeply understanding the nature of sport tourism, solving the problems of its territorial organization, to plan the development of the material base, to produce and sell the tourist product. Sports and health tourism plays a significant role in the development of the domestic tourist movement. In fact, it is one of the most accessible mass forms of outdoor activities and ways to discover the world. Today, sport trips are becoming an integral part of the life of all segments of the population. Ukraine has all the prerequisites for the intensive development of sports and recreational tourism: geographical position and topography, favorable climate, rich natural, historical, cultural and tourist-recreational potential.
Changes in the special preparedness of high school students as a result of the application the variable module "wrestling"
Authors: Tkach Yu. , Okopnyy A. , Pityn M. , Levchuk V.O.
Published: September 2020

Actuality. Physical education has an important role in health strengthening of high school students, forming strength motivation for maintain their health, physical development and physical preparedness, the harmonious development of natural capabilities and mental qualities, and so on. The programs are built on a modular system and are characterized by the focus on the implementation of the variability principle, which involves planning educational material in accordance with the age and gender characteristics of students, their interests, logistical, educational and staffing support. Purpose: to find out the effectiveness of application the variable module "Wrestling" in the physical education of high school students. Methods: theoretical analysis and generalization data of scientific and methodical literature and sources of the Internet; analysis of documentary materials; pedagogical testing; pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. Organization. For determine special preparedness were proposed 12 tests and control exercises, those recommended in program and normative documents, scientific and methodological literature. During the 2017–2019 academic year in the discipline “Physical Culture” of Shchyrets Secondary School №1 I-III grades was introduced an experimental factor - a variable module “Wrestling”. It was implemented in one semester of the school year. In total, in the 2017-2019 academic yearwere involved53 students of 10th classes (31 boys and 22 girls) and 74 students of 11 classes (41 boys and 33 girls). Results. As a result of application the variable module "Wrestling" in the physical education of high school studentswas recorded a significant (p≤0.01) improvement in the results for most of the indicators that were used in the pedagogical research. The percentages show a significant variability in the levels of changes in representatives‟ different subgroups: in boys‟ subgroup – from 7.39% to 50.57% and in girls‟ subgroups– from 4.98% to 56.99% of baseline, respectively. There were not revealed characteristic features of adaptation to specific loads according to the results of complex tests between the representatives of 10th and 11th classes. General trends in special preparedness, in our opinion, due to the better formation of the physical preparedness structure senior students and higher readiness to perform specialized exercises. The obtained results also prove that the senior students (boys and girls of11th classes) mastered the technique of wrestling exercises better and, to some extent, faster.
Teacher Effectiveness of Some Selected Secondary Schools’ Science, Technology, Engineering And Mathematics Subjects: Implication for Sustainable Development Using Science Education
Authors: Saka Adewale Owodunni , Onanuga Peter Aboyami
Published: September 2020

This study examined the teacher effectiveness of the selected STEM subjects’ teachers of physics, chemistry and biology at thesenior secondary school level in Ijebu North local area of Ogun state, Nigeria. All the fifty teachers delivering the selected STEMsubjects were observed using and adapted Teachers’ Effectiveness Observation Guide (r=0.7). The data collected were analysedusing descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that teacher effectiveness of the selected STEM subjects’ teacherswas relevant. The results also indicated that teacher effectiveness of chemistry teachers was the best among the three categoriesof teachers. Furthermore, the findings revealed no significant gender difference in teacher effectiveness of the selected STEMsubjects’ teachers. The study discussed the implications of the findings for sustainable development using science education. Itrecommended among other things that periodic training should be organized for teachers in all areas of teaching dimensions,particularly in the use of activity-based instructional materials for science teaching.
Eradicating Poor Achievement in Basic Science and Technology through Learning Activity Package: How Do Students Behave in Nigeria?
Authors: Afuwape Moses Olanrewaju , Olugbuyi Augustine Lanre
Published: September 2020

This study was designed to determine the effects of Learning Activity Package (LAP) teaching method on students’ achievement in basic science and technology with special consideration to the moderating effect of learning styles. A pre-test - post-test quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study. Three hypotheses were formulated to guide the study for data collection and analysis. The sample for the study comprised sixty-nine (69) students from two (2) co-educational junior secondary schools in Ijebu-Ode local government area of Ogun state, Nigeria. Basic science and technology achievement test (BSAT) and learning styles self-assessment questionnaire were used as instruments in collecting data for the study. Data collected were analysed using ANCOVA and MCA in order to determine the magnitude of students’ post-test achievement scores in basic science and technology. Findings of the study showed a significant main effect of teaching strategy on students’ academic achievement in basic science and technology (F (1, 57) = 8.362, P < 0.05). However, no significant main effect of learning styles on students’ academic achievement in Basic Science and Technology (F (1, 57) = 0.070, P > 0.05) was revealed, neither any significant interaction effects of teaching strategies were found. Based on the findings, it was recommended that Learning Activity Package (LAP) teaching method should be incorporated into the teaching of basic science and technology at the junior secondary school level. Furthermore, Learning Activity Package should be particularly introduced into system approach to instruction in basic science and technology at all levels of teacher education.
Creation of Adaptive LMS Systems in Postgraduate Education
Authors: Sokhatska Hanna
Published: September 2020

The article considers the development of the market for postgraduate education in the context of requirements of Industry 4.0. The composition of the main providers of the educational services market has been determined. Among them are groups of universities, consulting and educational centres and business schools. The most significant for retraining of personnel are traditional universities and corporate training centres. They allow to effectively achieving students the required level of competence through a highly specialized training program. Universities also build a curriculum based on a competence-oriented approach. However, in fact, the actual needs of business in qualifying personnel are insufficiently taken into consideration in state education standards, which leads to the labour market imbalance. For adapting the existing training system to the new conditions a flexible LMS model has been proposed. It is based on the interaction of business, training centers and the labor market (student). Filling the LMS in such an ‘ecosystem’ occurs in accordance with the needs of enterprises in the field of qualification of the necessary personnel. As a result, the university or training center provides the necessary tools in the modular LMS, taking into account the prospects for the development of markets in the Industry 4.0. The student sets up the LMS for his individual needs and obtains precisely those skills and competencies that will enable him to become a competitive employee. Therefore, the company receives qualified personnel with a set of necessary competencies. Such an ‘ecosystem’ allows a flexible adaptation of the content of the educational process to the needs of all participants in the training. Using the proposed approach will ensure sustainable competitiveness of companies by providing the necessary personnel, students - to get the most popular skills and high qualifications, and training centers - to ensure high quality and demand for their educational services.
The Emergence of Teacher Leadership in TESOL: An Exploratory Study of English Language Teachers as Teacher Leaders in the Saudi EFL Context
Authors: Shah Sayyed Rashid Ali
Published: September 2020

As part of a larger qualitative case study, this article explores the notion of teacher leadership in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context and a higher educational institution in Saudi Arabia. Twelve EFL teacher leaders were interviewed to understand their perceptions of teacher leadership practices in the EFL context. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews and opened-ended questionnaires, and analysed using NVivo10. Data analysis led to 18 main categories and four overarching themes; however, four major categories and one key theme are part of this article that represent the EFL teacher-leaders’ perceptions of their leadership practices and roles at the English Language Institute (ELI). The findings reveal that teacher leadership is a novel concept at the ELI and teacher leaders operate in hierarchical leadership structures. However, their wide range of leadership roles, both instructional and operational match with the three historical waves of teacher leadership (Silva, Gimbert & Nolan, 2000) in the US context. The impact of hierarchical structures on teacher leadership practices is evidently found as EFL teacher leaders encounter various difficulties, such as heavy administrative workload and lack of autonomy. Nevertheless, their shared leadership practices within the groups help them deal with these challenges.
The Degree of Readiness to Total Distance Learning in the Face of COVID-19 - Teachers’ View (Case of Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iraq, Nigeria, UK and Ukraine)
Authors: Doghonadze Natela , Aliyev Aydin , Halawachy Huda , Knodel Ludmila , Adedoyin Adebayo Samuel
Published: September 2020

By distance learning we understand an educational situation in which a teacher and his/her students are not placed in one physical environment. Distance learning was first applied in the 19th century and has undergone a long way of technological improvement. It has become indispensable in the time of global pandemic. It is characterized by both advantages and challenges, and, correspondingly, in normal situations is used by adults for additional education or at any level /age in combination with traditional face-to-face education. The goal of this paper is to assess how ready we turned out to be to involuntary, caused by extreme situation of coronavirus, switching over to distance learning. The article presents results obtained from six countries – Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iraq, Nigeria, UK, and Ukraine - as well as some views of educators from several other countries. Although the samples were not representative by number of the research populations, they tried to take into consideration the strata involved (school/university teachers, younger than 30, 31-50, older than 50), in order to be trustworthy. The conclusion made is that the trend is that we (at least, in many countries, or many of us) are still rather far from ready to carry out so often declared and advertised distance learning with optimal efficiency and much work is needed to be able to switch to high-quality distance education.
Perceived Influence of Family Planning Education on Maternal Health among Reproductive-Aged Women in Ijebu Zone of Ogun State Nigeria
Authors: Adegbite Saidat Bola , Adenuga Emmanuel Akinyemi
Published: September 2020

The health of women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period is maternal health. This study examined the influence of family planning and maternal health education on reproductive-aged women’s health in Ijebu zone of Ogun state, Nigeria. The population of the study includes all reproductive-aged women who have accessed and used family planning and maternal health care services in Ijebu zone of Ogun State. This study was a descriptive survey. The instrument used was self-structured.  Four health centres were randomly selected for the study, while 300 participants were purposively selected for the study. Chi-square (X2) was the main statistical tool used for the analysis. All hypotheses formulated were rejected at 0.05 alpha level of significance. The findings of this study show that the influence of family planning and maternal health care /education on reproductive-aged women’s health in Ijebu zone of Ogun state include lengthening the interval between pregnancies, reduce the number of high-risk pregnancies, promotes efficiency and cost-effectiveness of health services, and improve women’s lives and satisfaction with health services. Based on the findings of this study, it is therefore concluded that family planning and maternal health education will influence maternal mortality as well as promote maternal health and child care among married people in Ijebu zone of Ogun state if integrated. It is therefore recommended that maternal health education services should be carried out in the public through the media by both governmental and non-governmental organizations.  Maternal healthcare and family planning should be integrated in the health centres.
Examining Etiological Connection Between Antisocial Behavior and Moral Disengagement: Evidence from Tourism & Hospitality Sector
Authors: Tariq Amna , Khurram Shahzad , Ishaque Amir
Published: September 2020

It is estimated that by 2025 tourism & hospitality sector will contribute US$7.1 billion (? 1 trillion) to the economy of Pakistan. However, one can only attach such high hopes to this sector when human resource in this sector displays prosocial and not anti-social behavior to both domestic and foreign tourists. The objective of the study is to examine the level of antisocial behavior of the managers working in this sector and test its relationship with moral disengagement. We also examine ethical orientation as mediator and ethical leadership as moderator in this relationship. Data were collected from 253 managers working in the hospitality and tourism sector of Pakistan. We find that moral disengagement has significant effect in promoting anti-social behavior by easing and expediting a process where actors convince themselves that ethical standard do not apply on them. We also find that ethical orientation mediates and ethical leadership moderates this relationship respectively.
The Periodic Table: between the Past and the Future
Authors: Chernyshev Sergey L. , Isaev Lev K. , Kozlov Alexander D.
Published: September 2020

Possibilities of the Periodic Table exploration are considered. It is shown that the four-valued logic of quantum measurements may be used for the classification of chemical elements. The application of the quantum scales with information on the position of chemical elements with the known sequence numbers inside them allows to find the new aims for metrological investigations and to develop new approaches in the quantum metrology.
Method for measuring the speed parameters of photodetectors
Authors: Bychkov Stepan B. , Volkov Igor V. , Glazov Aleksander I. , Korolev Ivan S. , Savkin Konstantin B. , Khatyrev Nikolay P.
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the difficulties that arise when measuring the speed parameters of modern broadband photodetector devices by a method based on the measurement results of the rise time of the transition characteristic are considered. As a solution of the described problems a method is proposed for quantitatively evaluating of speed parameters using the results of determining the impulse response of the studied photodetector. The source of the test signals is a pulsed fiber laser operating in the self-mode locking mode and generating ultrashort (about 3 ps) optical pulses. The article describes in detail the method itself, the measuring setup that allows it to be implemented, and presents some results of experimental testing of the method
Functions of tumor-associated macrophages and macrophages residing in remote anatomical niches in Ehrlich carcinoma bearing mice
Authors: Symchych T.V. , Fedosova N.I. , Chumak A.V. , Cheremshenko N.L. , Karaman O.M. , Burlaka A.P. , Voyeykova I.M. , Chekhun V.F.
Published: September 2020

Summary. Background: The impact of growing tumor on polarization and functions of tumor-associated macrophages is well known while its influence on residential macrophages occupying different anatomical niches reminds to be elucidated. Aim: To study changes in polarization and functions of macrophages isolated from discrete anatomical niches in tumor-bearing mice at different stages of tumor growth. Materials and Methods: Ehrlich carcinoma was transplanted intramuscularly to Balb/c male mice. On days 7, 14, 21 and 28 after tumor transplantation, macrophages from tumor tissue, peritoneal cavity and spleen were isolated and analyzed. Nitric oxide production was measured by standard Griess reaction, arginase activity was determined by the measurement of urea, reactive oxygen species production was checked using NBT dye reduction assay and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, cytotoxic activity was estimated in MTT-assay. Results: Independently of their localization in different anatomic niches, macrophages in mice with transplanted Ehrlich carcinoma gradually lose their tumoricidal activities while arginase activity is upregulated. This indicates the shift of polarization from M1-like towards M2-like phenotype. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that growing tumor could be able to subvert functioning of macrophages at the systemic level.
Tumor microenvironment changes tumor cell sensitivity to action of energy metabolism modifiers
Authors: Pyaskovskaya O.N. , Kolesnik D.L. , Prokhorova I.V. , Burlaka A.P. , Gorbach O.I. , Solyanik G.I.
Published: September 2020

Summary. Background: Taking into account differences in the bioenergetics between malignant and normal cells a search of antitumor drugs among the modifiers of tumor metabolism has a reasonable excuse. Earlier it was found that the cytotoxic/cytostatic action of sodium dichloroacetate (DCA) against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells in vitro was enhanced in the case of its combination with metformin (MTF). Aim: To study the antitumor action of DCA in combination with MTF against LLC in vivo. Materials and Methods: LLC/R9, a low metastatic variant of LLC cells, was used. LLC/R9 bearing mice were treated with MTF (at a total dose 0.15 g/kg b.w.) alone or in combination with DCA (at a total dose of 0.75 g/kg b.w.). LLC/R9 growth kinetics and the primary tumor growth and metastasis indices on the 23rd day after tumor cell inoculation were evaluated by routine procedures. The state of the electron transport chain of mitochondria in tumor cells was studied using electron paramagnetic resonance. The content of lactate and glucose in blood plasma from mice was measured by enzymatic methods using biochemical analyzer. The number of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and their distribution by M1/M2 phenotype were estimated by flow cytometry using antibodies against CD68 and CD206. Results: In LLC/R9-bearing mice treated with DCA in combination with MTF, tumor growth and metastasis indices, as well as circulating glucose and lactate levels were not significantly different from those in the control group. The level of nitrosylation of non-heme and heme proteins and the content of iron-sulfur centers in the mitochondria of tumor cells in LLC/R9-bearing mice administered with DCA in combination with MTF did not also differ from the corresponding indices in control. Instead, in tumors treated with MTF alone and in combination with DCA the total CD68+ TAMs count was almost 27% (p < 0.05) and 43% lower (p < 0.05) correspondingly than that in control, but this decrease was not accompanied by redistribution of CD68+/CD206+ and CD68+/D206- subsets. Conclusion: DCA in combination with MTF, at least in doses applied, did not affect LLC/R9 growth and metastasis in vivo. The complete absence of an antitumor effect of DCA in combination with MTF was simultaneously associated with the absence of significant changes in the functional state of electron transport chain of mitochondria in tumor cells, circulating glucose and lactate levels, and the decrease of the TAMs amount in tumors. It suggests that the antitumor activity of DCA and MTF could be determined by both their local effects within a tumor and their multiple systemic impacts.
Degree-Days: Growing, Heating, and Cooling
Authors: Fraisse Clyde W. , Paula-Moraes Silvana V.
Published: September 2020

How much and when it rains, freezes, and thaws can make the difference between boom and bust for a year's crop. However, temperature can predict more than boom or bust. Atmospheric temperature can predict the growth rates of many plants. For this reason, growers use a concept called growing degree-days (GDD), sometimes called heat units. This 5-page document discusses growing degree-days, use of the AgroClimate website to track and forecast GDD accumulation, heating and cooling degree-days, and methods for calculating HDD, CDD, and GDD. Written by Clyde W. Fraisse and Silvana V. Paula-Moraes, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, revised December 2010 and April 2018.  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae428
Interpretación del contenido de la humedad del suelo para determinar capacidad de campo y evitar riego excesivo en suelos arenosos utilizando sensores de humedad
Authors: Zotarelli Lincoln , Dukes Michael D. , Morgan Kelly T.
Published: September 2020

Este documento resume las directrices para la determinación de la capacidad de campo y la programación óptima del riego para suelos arenosos utilizando sensores de medición de la humedad del suelo (SHS). Los sensores de humedad del suelo han demostrado potencial para el monitoreo de la humedad del suelo, y para el respaldo en la toma de decisiones de riego en cultivos hortícolas.

This 4-page fact sheet was written by Lincoln Zotarelli, Michael D. Dukes, and Kelly T. Morgan, and published by the UF Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, January 2013. 

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ae496
Economic Feasibility of Cooling Dry Cows: Findings and Spreadsheet
Authors: Ferreira Fernanda , Dahl Geoffrey E. , De Vries Albert
Published: September 2020

The negative effects of heat stress in lactating cows are well known, but only recent studies have explored those effects along with the full benefits of cooling dry cows. Recent work at the University of Florida has demonstrated the benefits of dry cow cooling on calf performance and cow health in the next lactation. This 5-page fact sheet discusses the economic losses from milk production due to heat stress, investment, utilities, maintenance, and feasibility analysis. Written by Fernanda Ferreira, Geoffrey Dahl, and Albert De Vries, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Animal Sciences, March 2018.  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/an342
Weed Management Guide for Florida Lawns
Authors: Unruh J. Bryan , Trenholm Laurie , Harlow Erin , Leon Ramon G.
Published: September 2020

Weeds can be defined as unwanted plants or plants growing out of place. Proper identification and some understanding of how and why weeds are present in a lawn are important when selecting the best control strategy. Knowing if weeds were previously present in an area also helps homeowners prepare control measures in the future. Weed control should be a carefully planned and coordinated program.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep141

Previous version: Unruh, Joseph, Ramon Leon, Barry Brecke, and Laurie Trenholm. 2013. “Weed Management Guide for Florida Lawns”. EDIS 2013 (7). https://journals.flvc.org/edis/article/view/121086.
Florida-Friendly Plants for Stormwater Pond Shorelines
Authors: Hansen Gail , Hu Shangchun
Published: September 2020

Selecting aquatic and shoreline plants for stormwater ponds is more challenging than selecting plants for a typical landscape. Site conditions can vary greatly and are more difficult to control. For example, water depth sometimes fluctuates widely, creating wet and dry conditions. Water quality varies with rainfall and fertilizer inputs. Steep slopes can make plant establishment and retention difficult. The concept of using the right plant in the right place is particularly important in the shoreline environment because the planting area includes a dry slope and a littoral shelf with shallow and deep-water areas. This 4-page fact sheet recommends plants that were selected based on these three questions: 1) What environmental conditions does the plant need to grow? 2) How do you want the plant to function? 3) What do you want the plant to look like? Written by Gail Hansen and Shangchun Hu, and published by the UF Department of Environmental Horticulture, May 2013.

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep476
Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco L.) Identification and Uses
Authors: Brown Stephen Henry , Frank Marc S.
Published: September 2020

Cocoplum is one of two native Florida plants in the Chrysobalanaceae family, and is found in a variety of habitats. This 9-page document discusses the identification and uses of cocoplum. Written by Stephen H. Brown and Marc S. Frank and published by the UF/IFAS Environmental Horticulture Department, March 2018. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep553
Genetically Improved Pines for Reforesting Florida’s Timberlands
Authors: White Timothy L. , Duryea Mary L. , Powell Gregory L
Published: September 2020

Just as farmers plant the best-available varieties of crops that have been developed through many generations of breeding, forest landowners should plant the best-available genetically improved varieties of pines for reforestation of their timberlands. This 8-page fact sheet written by Timothy L. White, Mary L. Duryea, and Gregory L. Powell and published by the UF/IFAS School of Forest Resources and Conservation explains how planting genetically improved varieties of pines can increase the productivity, health, and value of reforested Florida timberlands.  edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fr007
Management Practices to Support Increased Biodiversity in Managed Loblolly Pine Plantations
Authors: Andreu Michael , Zobrist Kevin , Hinckley Thomas
Published: September 2020

FOR-183, a 9-page fact sheet by Michael Andreu, Kevin Zobrist, and Thomas Hinckley, reviews the literature to identify a spectrum of practices that support increased biodiversity in intensively managed loblolly pine plantations. Includes references. Published by the UF School of Forest Resources and Conservation, March 2008.

Minor revision April 2017.
Preventing Foodborne Illness: Salmonellosis
Authors: Schneider Keith R. , Goodrich-Schneider Renée M. , Hubbard Michael A. , Richardson Susanna
Published: September 2020

In 2007, there were over 1 million cases and some 400 deaths associated with Salmonella-contaminated food. In 2004, it was estimated that the total economic burden caused by Salmonella infection in the United States was $1.6–$5.3 billion. Food handlers, processors, and retailers can minimize the risk of salmonellosis by using good food handling practices. This 6-page fact sheet was written by Keith R. Schneider, Renée Goodrich Schneider, Michael A. Hubbard, and Susanna Richardson, and published by the UF Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, March 2013.

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs096
Preventing Foodborne Illness: E. coli O157:H7
Authors: Schneider Keith R. , Goodrich Schneider Renée , Kurdmongkoltham Ploy , Bertoldi Bruna
Published: September 2020

This seven-page fact sheet discusses the common foodborne pathogen E. coli O157:H7, especially as it concerns food handlers, processors and retailers. Written by Keith R. Schneider, Renée Goodrich Schneider, Ploy Kurdmongkoltham, and Bruna Bertoldi and published by the Food Science and Human Nutrition Department.­http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs097

Previous versions:

Schneider, Keith, Renée Goodrich-Schneider, Alexandra Chang, and Susanna Richardson. 2013. “Preventing Foodborne Illness: E. Coli O157:H7”. EDIS 2013 (9). https://journals.flvc.org/edis/article/view/121180.

Schneider, Keith, Renée Goodrich-Schneider, Michael Hubbard, and Alexandra Chang. 2009. “Preventing Foodborne Illness: E. Coli O157:H7”. EDIS 2009 (10). https://journals.flvc.org/edis/article/view/118205.

Schneider, Keith, Renée Goodrich, and Melissa Kirby. 1. “Preventing Foodborne Illness: E. Coli O157:H7”. EDIS 2003 (3). https://journals.flvc.org/edis/article/view/108642.
Shopping for Health: Fruit
Authors: Kendall Ashley R. , Dahl Wendy J.
Published: September 2020

Fruits taste good, and they are good for you. Some fruits are very nutrient dense. This means they contain lots of the vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and fiber that your body needs to stay healthy. Whether you like fresh fruit or fruit juice, frozen fruit or fruit from a can, it’s important to choose a variety of different fruits every day. Here are some tips to help you before, during, and after your fruit shopping trip. This 3-page fact sheet was written by Ashley R. Kendall and Wendy J. Dahl and published by the UF Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, March 2013.

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs215
The Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011: Final Rule for Preventive Controls for Human Food
Authors: Lepper Jessica , Ahn Soohyoun , Schneider Keith R. , Danyluk Michelle , Goodrich Schneider Renée M.
Published: September 2020

This 7-page fact sheet is one in a series covering the different rules promulgated under the new Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), which was signed into law on January 4, 2011. It is intended to provide an overview of the final Preventive Controls for Human Food (PCHF) rule. Written by Jessica A. Lepper, Soohyoun Ahn, Keith R. Schneider, Michelle D. Danyluk, and Renee Goodrich-Schneider and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, January 2018. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs301
Popular Diets: Raw Foods
Authors: Barad Alexa , Rivero-Mendoza Daniela , Dahl Wendy J.
Published: September 2020

The raw foods diet has its roots in a vegetarian movement dating back to the 1800s. As the nameimplies, a raw foods diet is a dietary pattern composed of mostly or completely raw, unprocessed foods. This new 3-page publication of the UF/IFAS Food Science and Human Nutrition Department explores the potential health benefits and risks of a raw foods diet. Written by Alexa Barad, Daniela Rivero-Mendoza, and Wendy Dahl.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs404
Healthy Living: Changing your lifestyle to improve your blood pressure
Authors: Shelnutt Karla P. , Bobroff Linda B.
Published: September 2020

Most people know that high blood pressure can often be improved by making smart dietary choices and choosing foods lower in sodium. But did you know there are other ways to help control high blood pressure and even prevent it? This 4-page fact sheet is a major revision that discusses four lifestyle changes that can help you keep blood pressure down. Written by Karla P. Shelnutt and Linda B. Bobroff, and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, revised February 2018.  http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fy1129
Benefits of Family Meals
Authors: McCray Varnessa , Harris Victor W. , Gillen Martie
Published: September 2020

Over the past 30 years obesity among children has increased. One way to help youth make healthy food choices is by creating healthy eating choices and habits at home, starting with family meals. When parents value family dinners, children are likely to view family dinners as important. Family meals can provide important examples to show children what foods are good to eat and how much of the good foods they should eat. This 5-page fact sheet was written by Varnessa McCray, Victor W. Harris, and Martie Gillen, and published by the UF Department of Family Youth and Community Sciences, April 2013.

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fy1362
Mindfulness: An Introduction
Authors: Naik Parth , Harris Victor , Forthun Larry
Published: September 2020

Learning to be mindful is a powerful skill that can help you face the stresses of day-to-day life and improve both your psychological and physical health. Because you don’t need any equipment to practice mindfulness, you can practice it discreetly anywhere, at any time. This 6-page fact sheet was written by Parth Naik, Victor Harris, and Larry Forthun, and published by the UF Department of Family Youth and Community Sciences, September 2013.

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fy1381