bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MECANISMOS DE CONTROLE NOS PROCESSOS LICITATÓRIOS: A PERCEPÇÃO DOS PREGOEIROS
Authors: Aquino Márcio Mateus Ferreira de , De Sousa Rossana Guerra , Cavalcante Gesualdo Menezes , Duarte Felipe Machado , Aquino Fabíola Cristina De Oliveira Bento
Published: June 2018

O estudo investigou a percepção dos pregoeiros do setor público quanto aos mecanismos de controle no combate à corrupção em processos licitatórios através da identificação e reconhecimento deste grupo quanto a nove mecanismos de controle que podem ser empregados contra tal prática. Os dados foram coletados com a utilização de questionários e mensuração com escala Likert e constou de itens demográficos sobre o grupo e de assertivas quanto a importância atribuída aos mecanismos apresentados. O grupo investigado foi composto por pregoeiros com exercício em diversos segmentos do setor público no Brasil. Os dados foram analisados com a utilização de estatísticas descritivas e comparações de médias entre grupos formados pelas variáveis demográficas, na busca de indicativos de determinantes de percepção sobre o tema. Os resultados apontam para a identificação e reconhecimento de maior importância para o controle dos procedimentos licitatórios dos mecanismos de Checklist, Publicidade e Transparência, reforçando o caminho atual da busca pela conformidade e transparência pública para a redução de comportamentos oportunistas em processos públicos. As análises de agrupamento por variáveis demográficas não apontaram nenhuma significância estatística que pudesse indicar determinantes relevantes em relação a percepção quanto aos mecanismos de controle estudados.Palavras-Chave: Mecanismos de Controle. Processos Licitatórios. Pregões.
A novel route to 3-hydroxy-16,17-seco-estrone derivatives
Authors: Jovanovic-Santa Suzana , Pejanovic Vjera , Petrovic Julijana
Published: June 2018

Starting from 3-benzyloxy-17-hydroxy-16,17-secoestra-1,3,5(10)-triene-16-nitrile (1b), 17-tosylate 2b and also 17-chloro-, 17-bromo- and
17-iodo-derivatives 4b, 5b, and 6b, were obtained. The fluoro-derivative 3b
was obtained from2b in the reaction with tetrabutyl ammonium fluoride. The
deprotection of the 3-hydroxyl group was achieved by action of hydrogen in
presence of Pd/C as a catalyst, yielding six new
3-hydroxy-16,17-seco-estrone derivatives.
Alkanes from plants of the genus achillea
Authors: Palic Radosav , Eglinton Timothy , Benitez-Nelson Bryan , Eglinton Geoffrey , Velikovic Jasmina , Stojanovic Gordana
Published: June 2018

The hydrocarbon fractions of three species of Achillea L. have been analysed
by capillary gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) and
were shown to consist of the conventional, odd-carbon number dominant
distributions of n-alkane homologues (C22-C35 )-n-Nonacosane (C29)
is the main compound (ca.40%), and the carbon preference index (CPI) is
high (ca.11)
On the oxidation of dibenzo[fg,ij]pentaphene and dinaphtho[2,1,8,7-defg:2',1',8',7'-ijkl]pentaphene dianions
Authors: Gutman Ivan
Published: June 2018

The dianion of dibenzo[fg,ij]pentaphene has recently been synthesized and
shown to react with oxygen, forming the 15,16-dioxo derivative in nearly
quantitative yield. Oxidation of the dianion of
dinaphtho[2,1,8,7-defg:2',1',8',7'-ijkl]pentaphene under similar conditions
does not result in any dioxo product. It is shown that these findings are a
consequence of the different modes of cyclic conjugation in the two
dianions. Cyclic conjugation in the mentioned two dianions, as well as in a
number of other structurally related benzenoid dianions is assessed by means
of a quantum-chemical method, developed earlier by the author.
Synthesis and reactions of 4-(p-methoxybenzyl)-6-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl]-pyridazin-3(2H-one
Authors: El-Din Harb
Published: June 2018

The condensation of 4-(p-methoxybenzyl)-6-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl]-
pyridazin-3(2H)-one (3), prepared by the reaction of
6-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl]-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one (1) and
anisaldehyde, with dimethyl sulphate, formal-dehyde and acrylonitrile, and
also the formation of the Mannich base, proceeded smoothly at the 2-position
to give compounds 4,5,6,7, respectively. 4-p-Methoxybenzyl-3-chloro-6-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthyl]-pyridazine (9) was prepared
in law yield by the action of phosphorus oxychloride on 3. The reaction of 9
with benzylamine, aniline and piperidine gave 10a,b,c, respectively.
4-p-Methoxybenzyl-6-[5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-napthyl]pyridazine-3(2H)-thione
(12) was prepared either by the action of thiourea on 9, or by the reaction
of 3 with phosphorus pentasulphide. The reaction of these thiones with
acrylonitrile, morpholine and piperidine to give 13 and 14 a,b,
respectively, were also investigated.
Examination of the kinetics of Zr1.02Ni0.98 alloy hydriding
Authors: Simonovic Branislav , Mentus Slavko , Susic Milenko
Published: June 2018

The hydriding kinetics of Zr1.02Ni0.98 alloy was examined in dependence on
the number of hydriding/dehydriding cycles. The rate constants relating to
three subsequent hydriding procedures of an alloy sample, at five
temperatures: 423, 448, 473, 498 and 523K, were determined. The rate
constant increases, and the activation energy decreases on each repetition
of the hydriding/dehydriding cycle at a given temperature. This behavior was
explained by sample crushing, leading to an increase in the surface area
accessible to hydrogen.
Teknologiakasvatuksen haasteet ja mahdollisuudet automaatioteknologian oppimisympäristössä
Authors: Lindfors Eila , Pirttimaa Matti
Published: June 2018

Tutkimuksessa analysoidaan käsityön aineenopettaja opiskelijoiden (N=30) portfolioita (N=11) koskien oppilaille toteutettuja teknologiakasvatuksen työpajoja. Tutkimuskysymys on: Mitä mahdollisuuksia ja haasteita käsityön aineenopettajaopiskelijat näkevät teknologiakasvatuksen toteuttamisessa perusopetuksessa. Aineistolähtöisen sisällönanalyysin keinoin saadut tulokset painottavat opettajan oman teknologian osaamisen tärkeyttä opettajan järjestäessä oppilaille mielekkäitä teknologian oppimisen mahdollisuuksia. Toiminta konkreetissa oppimisympäristössä innostaa oppilaita sukupuolesta riippumatta teknologisten ratkaisujen toteuttamisessa. Tuloksia voidaan hyödyntää opettajien perus- ja täydennyskoulutuksessa sekä perusopetuksen opetussuunnitelman ja oppilaille tasa-arvoisesti teknologiaa esille tuovien oppimistilanteiden kehittämisen pohjana.
A reflection on Priscilla Queen of the Desert
Authors: Rangiwai Byron
Published: June 2018

In 1994 I watched the film, The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen of the Desert with my best friend in Murupara, a small, predominantly Māori town in the Bay of Plenty. The movie was intense. It was colourful. It was inspiring. This movie was my first experience seeing anything to do with gay, transgender, or drag. Murupara was a town filled with rough talking, hardworking people, with hearts of gold. It was a tight-knit community.
Introduction to British DiGRA issue
Authors: Ruffino Paolo , MacCallum-Stewart Esther , Crawford Garry
Published: June 2018

This special issue of ToDiGRA collects some of the best articles presented at the British DiGRA conference which took place at The University of Salford at MediaCityUK in May 2017. For this issue we invited the authors of the full papers presented at the conference to submit a revised document. The manuscripts were then sent to a group of selected peer-reviewers, three for each submission. The reviewers, experts in the field of study of the assigned papers, provided their feedback and evaluation. The five accepted papers were then sent back to their authors who implemented the required changes and re-submitted their final work. Each one of the articles in this issue is the result of a process of research and revision that took almost one year of work from the time of their original presentation at the 2017 British DiGRA conference.
Traumatic, Spectacular Prologues: AAA Players as Ethical Witnesses
Authors: Cuttell Joanna
Published: June 2018

This paper considers the depiction of violent, traumatic spectacles in the opening of select AAA videogames, questioning how these affective devices function to attach and motivate the player. This research deployed two methods: a qualitative content analysis adapted to engage with many layers of games and gaming; and an immersive-affective autoethnography that makes visible the researcher’s role in the creation of knowledge and thus allows the critical ‘gaze’ to be turned upon this relationship. Utilising (vicarious) trauma theory, this paper considers the role of witnessing and the provocation of ethical responses when the player experiences the early victimisation of the player character. This paper asserts that these early violent spectacles act as cues for moral disengagement and function as an enabling fiction legitimating the use of ‘righteous’ violence. Combined with the iterative ‘overcoming’ afforded by such games, this paper argues that these traumatic prologues create an affective and ethical attachment to the game’s outcome.
Listening therapy as suicide prevention strategy: experience report / Escuta terapêutica como estratégia de prevenção ao suicídio: relato de experiência / Escucha terapéutica como estrategia de prevención del suicidio..
Authors: Fernandes Márcia Astrês , Lima Gilmara Abreu , Silva Joyce Soares e
Published: June 2018

Objetivos: relatar a experiência vivenciada em relação à prevenção ao suicídio durante a escuta terapêutica junto ao paciente com comportamento suicida e discutir o papel do enfermeiro na relação de ajuda na prevenção do suicídio junto a pacientes com tal comportamento. Metodologia: trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência desenvolvido no período de agosto a outubro de 2015, no Ambulatório de um Hospital Público Psiquiátrico. Resultados: foi possível observar durante as consultas de enfermagem, o conforto dos pacientes ao expor seus problemas em um ambiente livre de julgamentos e com uma pessoa disposta a ouvir e ajudar. Assim, a prática vivenciada durante as consultas de enfermagem proporcionou comprovar que a relação terapêutica, o acolhimento e a escuta qualificada são ferramentas eficazes e fundamentalmente importantes na prevenção do suicídio. Conclusão: concluiu-se que por meio da escuta qualificada é possível estabelecer o relacionamento terapêutico com o paciente, tornando possível a identificação dos fatores de risco e de proteção, bem como acolher, auxiliar e orientar no tratamento. Descritores: Saúde Mental. Suicídio. Fatores de Risco. Fatores de Proteção.
ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ СУЧАСНОГО ОДЯГУ НА ОСНОВІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ХУДОЖНЬО-КОМПОЗИЦІЙНИХ ОЗНАК ЕКО-АРХІТЕКТУРИ
Authors: Колосніченко О. В. , Кравчук К. І. , Кудрявцева Н. І.
Published: June 2018

Definition of artistic and compositional features and specialty of ecological architecture for improving the design of a modern collection of women's wear in the spring and summer season. To achieve this goal, analytical and associative methods of artistic and compositional features of the creative source were used, system-structural analysis of the form of analogues, questionnaire-expert and morphological analyzes; sketches and schemes are performed using modern computer programs. On the basis of the conducted research the concept of creation of universal forms of women's clothing is formed by applying aesthetic, constructive and technological features of eco-architecture in designing a modern costume. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is to systematize the basic principles of ecological architecture with their subsequent use in the process of creating harmonized forms of modern clothing. The practical significance of the work lies in the design-design and implementation in the material of the prospective collection of women's wear using artistic and compositional features of ecological architecture and taking into account modern fashion trends.
ДИЗАЙН-ПРОЕКТУВАННЯ КОЛЕКЦІЇ ЖІНОЧОГО ОДЯГУ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ТЕХНІКИ ПЕЧВОРК
Authors: Приходько-Кононенко І. О. , Колосніченко О. В. , Остапенко Н. В. , Сіндарова Л. Р.
Published: June 2018

Development of an up-to-date collection of women's clothing with the use of pechwork technique based on the transformation of a creative source - the Peruvian national costume. Research methods were used: analytical, objective observation and structural analysis. The basis for the study was the scientific work of experts in the field of design of clothing and findings of experts in the field of fashion. The analysis of the manufacturing process of products in the technology of the pitchfork allowed to develop a classification of types and techniques of pectin and to develop an up-to-date collection of women's clothing using this technology of clothing modeling. On the basis of theoretical studies, the types of pechorop technique are systematized and the main principles of its application in the design of new clothing collections are proposed. Artistic-design, constructive-technological decisions of models with the use of the pechora technique were developed, a collection of women's clothing was made.
Using Herringbone Technique in Teaching Reading Narrative Text at the Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 9 Parepare
Authors: Sudarmanto Sudarmanto
Published: June 2018

This research discussed how the use herringbone technique  to improve the students’ ability in reading. This research used quasi experimental design that applied a pre-test and post-test design. The data was analyzed by using t-test. The population of this research was the eight year students of SMP Negeri 9 Parepare in academic year 2013/2014. There were two classes, a class for experimental class and a class for control class. It utilized cluster random sampling technique. The number of each class was 30 students. The instrument used in this research was reading test use of herringbone technique in learning reading. The result of this research was a significant difference between experimental group and control group. This indicates the mean score of the post-test of experimental group was 97 while that of the control group was 92. Moreover, the t-test value (7,24) was higher than t-table value (2.021). In other words, Hypothesis Alternative (H1) was accepted and Hypothesis Null (H0) was rejected. This means that Using Herringbone technique can improve the students’ reading comprehension by using herringbone technique.
PREPARING PUBLIC SERVANTS IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: ARCHETYPAL APPROACH
Authors: Rohulskyi Oleh Ivanovich
Published: June 2018

The article describes the main components of the institutional framework of an archetypical approach to public administration. It is determined that the system of preparation of public servants is based on a chain of universal foundations of archetype, in particular, it is influenced by the principle of formation of personnel in the public service, formed on the basis of public opinion. Based on two basic principles relating to admission to public service, three basic models of training civil servants in the European country are defined: German. French and Anglo-Saxon. We analyze each of the models and define the archetypes that influenced their formation and development. The advantages of each model are determined, in particular, the benefits are: the German model of training managers is the balancing between the theoretical knowledge and practical skills that a public servant receives during training, but as a disadvantage one can distinguish the orientation of preparation for legal orientation, which limits the ability to hold managerial positions for many employees The French model of professional training of public servants should include a well-balanced understanding of tasks, namely: decentralization and territorial organization of public services, communication, support of territorial communities, in-depth knowledge and understanding of the need for cooperation with institutions of the European Commonwealth, high-quality human resource management and orientation towards environmentally friendly innovations, such a model of training of public servants is holistic, costly and effective; The Anglo-Saxon model of training of public servants is its orientation towards the implementation of the concept of public administration and the individual approach to employee training, taking into account all the specifics of its activities, providing for the formation of personnel capable of solving specific problems. It is concluded that today in most European countries dominated by mixed models that include elements of different models.
MOTIVATION OF CIVIL SERVANTS FROM ARCHETYPICAL APPROACH PERSPECTIVE: THEORY AND PROBLEM ISSUES
Authors: Shchegortsova Viktoria Mykolaivna
Published: June 2018

The theoretical bases of motivation of civil servants are considered in the article. The description of the basic motivational theories is presented. Substantive theories of motivation (A. Maslow, K. Alderfer, D. McCleland, F. Hertzberg) are based on the analysis of the motivational sphere of a person, on the direct relationship between satisfaction/dissatisfaction of human needs and motivation. In the procedural theories of motivation (V. Vroom, J. Adams, E. Lock, Porter-Lawler theory), the process of motivation is studied and attention is focused on the influence of external factors on the motivation of a person. On the basis of a review of the achievements of the scientific foundations of motivation, recommendations were made to the heads of the public administration authorities on the implementation of the motivation function. Generalized the main problems of labor motivation, typical for staff, regardless of the form of ownership of the organization. The following problems and obstacles in personnel motivation are identified: the complexity of research and determination of the motives of the individual, the problem of fairness in evaluating the performance of management and staff, dissatisfaction with hygiene factors, complex relationships in the team, inadequate expectations on the part of the employee, many innovations and changes in organization of work, monotony of activity, incompatibility of the worker’s qualification with the level of work, constant changes, stressful situations can cause apathy to slave father. Based on the results of the expert survey, the main problems of labor motivation in public administration bodies were identified. The system of motivating public servants has a number of shortcomings: dissatisfaction with the size of material security, the existence of state-wide interdepartmental and regional differences in the wage rates of civil servants, injustice with individual bonuses. The motivation of public servants is based on the opportunities for career growth, increasing competence, the prestige of working in government bodies, the stability of employment, job satisfaction, the amount of annual leave, good pensions and the opportunity to be involved in significant cases for society.
Optimization of Safety Factor by Genetic Algorithm of Circular Notched Carbon / Epoxy Laminate at Low Velocity Impact
Authors: Maamar Djilali Beida , Zenasni Ramdane
Published: June 2018

This work deals with the application of the genetic algorithm to the determination of optimal safety factor of layered structure subjected to low velocity impact damage. These genetic algorithms are optimization algorithms based on the techniques derived from genetics and the natural evolution; crossovers, mutations, selection. The numerical modeling was carried out by the finite element software LS dyna which is coupled to the optimization program Ls-optui. The aim of this work is to minimize the safety factor based on the Tsai-Wu criterion for laminate.The optimization is held by evaluating the maximal energy that can undergo the material for a minimum safety factor. In this case a composite laminate of stacking [0/30/45/60/90/45]s with a circular notch drilled at defined location, then a laminate was targeted at the center by four impactors (cylinder, hemispherical, ball and truncated cone). The optimization was held in two phases; first without taking account the function of delamination and in the second phase with the function of delamination.
Delivery and impact of the NHS Health Check in the first 8 years: a systematic review
Authors: Martin Adam , Saunders Catherine L , Harte Emma , Griffin Simon J , MacLure Calum , Mant Jonathan , Meads Catherine , Walter Fiona M , Usher-Smith Juliet A
Published: June 2018

Background

Since 2009, all eligible persons in England have been entitled to an NHS Health Check. Uncertainty remains about who attends, and the health-related impacts.

Aim

To review quantitative evidence on coverage (the proportion of eligible individuals who attend), uptake (proportion of invitees who attend), and impact of NHS Health Checks.

Design and setting

A systematic review and quantitative data synthesis. Included were studies or data reporting coverage or uptake and studies reporting any health-related impact that used an appropriate comparison group or before- and-after study design.

Method

Eleven databases and additional internet sources were searched to November 2016.

Results

Twenty-six observational studies and one additional dataset were included. Since 2013, 45.6% of eligible individuals have received a health check. Coverage is higher among older people, those with a family history of coronary heart disease, those living in the most deprived areas, and some ethnic minority groups. Just under half (48.2%) of those invited have taken up the invitation. Data on uptake and impact (especially regarding health-related behaviours) are limited. Uptake is higher in older people and females, but lower in those living in the most deprived areas. Attendance is associated with small increases in disease detection, decreases in modelled cardiovascular disease risk, and increased statin and antihypertensive prescribing.

Conclusion

Published attendance, uptake, and prescribing rates are all lower than originally anticipated, and data on impact are limited, with very few studies reporting the effect of attendance on health-related behaviours. High-quality studies comparing matched attendees and non-attendees and health economic analyses are required.
Binarity and Accretion in AGB Stars: HST/STIS Observations of UV Flickering in Y Gem
Authors: Sahai R. , Contreras C. Sánchez , Mangan A. S. , Sanz-Forcada J. , Muthumariappan C. , Claussen M. J.
Published: June 2018

Binarity is believed to dramatically affect the history and geometry of mass loss in AGB and post-AGB stars, but observational evidence of binarity is sorely lacking. As part of a project to search for hot binary companions to cool AGB stars using the GALEX archive, we discovered a late-M star, Y Gem, to be a source of strong and variable UV and X-ray emission. Here we report UV spectroscopic observations of Y Gem obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope that show strong flickering in the UV continuum on timescales of ≲20 s, characteristic of an active accretion disk. Several UV lines with P-Cygni-type profiles from species such as Si iv and C iv are also observed, with emission and absorption features that are red- and blueshifted by velocities of ∼500

 from the systemic velocity. Our model for these (and previous) observations is that material from the primary star is gravitationally captured by a companion, producing a hot accretion disk. The latter powers a fast outflow that produces blueshifted features due to the absorption of UV continuum emitted by the disk, whereas the redshifted emission features arise in heated infalling material from the primary. The outflow velocities support a previous inference by Sahai et al. that Y Gem’s companion is a low-mass main-sequence star. Blackbody fitting of the UV continuum implies an accretion luminosity of about 13 L
⊙, and thus a mass-accretion rate >5 × 10−7
M
⊙ yr−1; we infer that Roche-lobe overflow is the most likely binary accretion mode for Y Gem.
Molecular Gas Contents and Scaling Relations for Massive, Passive Galaxies at Intermediate Redshifts from the LEGA-C Survey
Authors: Spilker Justin , Bezanson Rachel , Barišić Ivana , Bell Eric , P. Lagos Claudia del , Maseda Michael , Muzzin Adam , Pacifici Camilla , Sobral David , Straatman Caroline , Wel Arjen van der , Dokkum Pieter van , Weiner Benjamin , Whitaker Katherine , Williams Christina C. , Wu Po-Feng
Published: June 2018

A decade of study has established that the molecular gas properties of star-forming galaxies follow coherent scaling relations out to z ∼ 3, suggesting remarkable regularity of the interplay between molecular gas, star formation, and stellar growth. Passive galaxies, however, are expected to be gas-poor and therefore faint, and thus little is known about molecular gas in passive galaxies beyond the local universe. Here we present deep Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array observations of CO(2–1) emission in eight massive (M
star ∼ 1011
M
⊙) galaxies at z ∼ 0.7 selected to lie a factor of 3–10 below the star-forming sequence at this redshift, drawn from the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census survey. We significantly detect half the sample, finding molecular gas fractions ≲0.1. We show that the molecular and stellar rotational axes are broadly consistent, arguing that the molecular gas was not accreted after the galaxies became quiescent. We find that scaling relations extrapolated from the star-forming population overpredict both the gas fraction and gas depletion time for passive objects, suggesting the existence of either a break or large increase in scatter in these relations at low specific star formation rate. Finally, we show that the gas fractions of the passive galaxies we have observed at intermediate redshifts are naturally consistent with evolution into local, massive early-type galaxies by continued low-level star formation, with no need for further gas accretion or dynamical stabilization of the gas reservoirs in the intervening 6 billion years.
Barsine podbolotskayae sp. n. from Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Archipelago, Indonesia (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae)
Authors: Spitsyn Vitaliy M. , Bolotov Ivan N.
Published: June 2018

HereinBarsinepodbolotskayaesp. n.(Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) is described from Flores Island, Lesser Sunda Archipelago, Indonesia. This local endemic species externally resemblesBarsineexclusaButler, 1877 from Sundaland and the Andaman Islands but differs by marking patterns and male genitalia structure.
Comparison of the Effect of Cycloplegia on Astigmatism Measurements in a Pediatric Amblyopic Population: A Prospective Study
Authors: Goyal Sunali , Phillips Paul H. , Rettiganti Mallikarjuna , Gossett Jeffrey M. , Lowery R. Scott
Published: June 2018

Purpose:

To study the effect of cycloplegia on astigmatism measurements in pediatric patients with amblyopia.

Methods:

This was a prospective comparative clinical study. Participants 4 to 17 years old were recruited from the patient population at the Arkansas Children's Hospital eye clinic after informed consent was obtained. Autorefractor measurements were used to obtain values of refractive error in amblyopic and non-amblyopic patients before and after cycloplegia. The groups were subdivided into myopia and hyperopia and with and without underlying amblyopia. The refractive error was expressed as sphere, cylinder, axis of astigmatism, and spherical equivalent. The treatment effect was summarized as the mean difference (95% confidence interval) for each outcome.

Results:

No statistically significant difference was found on the axis and power of astigmatism before and after cycloplegia in the patients with amblyopia (
P
= .28 and .99, respectively).

Conclusions:

Non-cycloplegic autorefraction measurements may be considered safe for refining astigmatism power and axis in pediatric patients with amblyopia.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55(5):293-298.]
Examining the impact of a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction intervention on the health of urban South Africans
Authors: Whitesman Simon L. , Hoogenhout Michelle , Kantor Linda , Leinberger Katherine J. , Gevers Anik
Published: June 2018

Background: Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been found to have significant health benefits in studies conducted in the global North.Aim: This study examined the effects of MBSR on stress, mood states and medical symptoms among urban South Africans to inform future research and clinical directions of MBSR in local settings.Setting: Participants completed an 8-week MBSR programme based in central Cape Town.Method: A retrospective analysis of 276 clinical records was conducted. Mindfulness, stress, negative and positive mood, medical symptoms and psychological symptoms were assessed before and after the intervention using self-report questionnaires. We compared pre and postintervention scores and examined the relationship between changes in mindfulness and changes in stress, mood and medical symptoms.Results: Mindfulness scores were significantly higher after intervention, both on the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS) and the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Changes on the KIMS were associated with reductions in stress, negative mood, psychological symptoms and total medical symptoms, and improvement in positive mood. Changes in mindfulness, as measured by the MAAS, were significantly correlated only with reduced total number of medical symptoms.Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence for the positive health impact of MBSR on urban South Africans, and in turn acceptability and feasibility evidence for MBSR in South Africa and supports the case for larger trials in different local settings.
Genotypes of erythrovirus B19, their geographical distribution & circulation in cases with various clinical manifestations
Authors: Jain Amita , Kant Ravi
Published: June 2018

Erythrovirus B19 (B19V) is one of the erythroviruses known to be pathogenic in humans. B19V is classified into three distinct genotypes; 1, 2 and 3, differing from each other by 2-13 per cent. Genotype 1 consists of the prototype B19V isolates, genotype 2 comprises the A6, LaLi and their related isolates while genotype 3 includes the V9- and V9-related isolates. The classification of genotype 1 into two subtypes (1A and 1B) and genotype 3 into two subtypes (3a and 3b) with an estimated nucleotide difference of about 5 per cent has been done. Predominance of genotype 1 across all the continents is seen followed by genotypes 2 and 3. There are no disease-specific genotypes. All the three genotypes have been found in symptomatic as well as asymptomatic individuals and have been reported from several countries across the world. The prevalence of genotype 2 in older populations and its absence from current circulation in Northern Europe has also been reported. The present review focuses on geographic distribution and association of genotypes of B19V with different clinical manifestations.
Assessment of the Inferior Petrosal Sinus on T1-Weighted Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Raghuram Karthikram , Durgam Aditya , Sartin Stephen
Published: June 2018

Context:

Skull base venous anatomy.

Aims:

While prior studies have focused on the efficacy of conventional fluoroscopic venography and multidetector computed tomography venography to evaluate the inferior petrosal sinus (IPS) before image-guided intervention (such as dural venous sinus sampling), we believe that routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may provide reliable structural information helpful for planning without the need for further imaging.

Settings and Design:

Retrospective review of brain MRI.

Materials and Methods:

Retrospective analysis was carried out on IPSs on contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images. Qualitative measurements were made regarding the grade of patency of the IPS, variation in IPS drainage pattern, and grading of the ipsilateral transverse and sigmoid sinuses (TS and SS).

Statistical Analysis Used:

Pearson's product-moment correlation.

Results:

Evaluation of a total of 148 IPSs revealed that 91% of cases were grade 3 or grade 2 (either fully or mostly visualized), with 65% of cases demonstrating “typical” (type A) drainage directly into the internal jugular vein and no statistically significant correlation between the patency of the IPS and the dominance of the ipsilateral TS/SS. A bilateral concordance rate of 77% was also observed.

Conclusions:

Our analysis indicates that routine thin-slice contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MRI can provide sufficient anatomic detail to identify typical drainage pattern of the IPS in a majority of cases. In cases where routine drainage was not identified, spatial resolution was not sufficient to further delineate complex drainage anatomy. No correlation was observed between the TS/SS dominance and patency of the ipsilateral IPS.
Dialogic and Dialectic Interfusions
Authors: Xie Ming
Published: June 2018

This article engages with the main issues explored in Thinking Literature across Continents (Duke University Press, 2016) coauthored by Ranjan Ghosh and J. Hillis Miller. It focuses on the ways in which Ghosh's and Miller's partial agreements and not fully incommensurable disagreements—about what literature means, its pedagogic possibilities and critical methodologies, its ethical function, and its relationship to globalization in the world today—are not only dialogic but also dialectic. If dialogue is personal and involves individuals with unique perspectives and orientations, then dialectic seems impersonal and pertains to the movement of truth in an agon of individual viewpoints and background assumptions. In particular, the article contextualizes and reflects on the respective methods of Ghosh (transcultural theoretical “[in]fusion”) and Miller (inductive close reading or rhetorical reading) in the light of the back-and-forth movement of the hermeneutic circle. The article emphasizes the dialectic complementarity and mutual necessity of their different approaches.
Contribuições do processo reflexivo para o entendimento da prática docente
Authors: Arxer Eliana Alves , Zanon Dulcimeire Aparecida Volante , Bizelli José Luis
Published: June 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar discusses sobre o processo reflexivo a partir de uma situao de ensino intitulada energia eltrica e ano internacional da luz, de acordo com a perspectiva CTS (Cincia Tecnologia Sociedade) da abordagem de contedos, a fim de favorecer o entendimento da prtica docente. A professora pesquisadora elaborou o planejamento e a execuo das atividades, em seis etapas, junto a alunos de duas turmas de nono ano do Ensino Fundamental durante as aulas de Matemtica. O registro em vdeo de cada etapa bem como os registros escritos dos envolvidos professora, interlocutora e alunos foram analisados de forma qualitativa, considerando-se referenciais de Schn e Alarco. Dentre as contribuies do processo reflexivo ressaltamos que, ao pesquisar sua prpria prtica, o professor tende a sair de sua zona de conforto e enfrentar as prprias angstias relacionadas profisso, alm disso, permite a reconstruo de teorias e concepes de ensino.
Outras relações entre arte e educação: uma atitude política
Authors: Capra Carmen Lúcia , Momoli Daniel Bruno
Published: June 2018

Este texto traz um conjunto de relaes sobre arte e educao a partir de uma base terica que compreende os campos da arte, da educao e da filosofia, provocando encontros interessados em produzir um modo de pensar a arte na educao desobrigada de certas noes de aprendizagem e ensino, ordens comprometidas com o alcance de resultados guiados por interesses exteriores. Aposta em pensar a escola como forma que torna presentes a arte e o mundo por meio dela, suspendendo os sentidos tradicionalmente atribudos para o seu ensino. Nessa ideia de escola, uma atitude poltica toma a arte na escola como um meio de ruptura com as determinaes incidentes sobre o conhecimento que vm do mundo produtivo, capaz de fazer circular outros modos de pensar e habitar a escola.
A estética do conhecimento nas redes digitais
Authors: Policarpo Clayton , Santaella Lucia
Published: June 2018

Frente ao atual estado de confluncia de linguagens, propiciado pela disseminao de tecnologias de comunicao e dispositivos mveis, a produo e recepo de conhecimento tende a extrapolar os limites disciplinares, antes impostos por um modelo pautado pela hegemonia do livro impresso e presena do professor em sala de aula, para adquirir contornos inditos. O presente estudo toma como ponto de partida as definies de leitor imersivo e leitor ubquo, propostos por Santaella, para alar uma compreenso acerca do potencial esttico do conhecimento e aprendizado no atual estado de convergncia das redes. So realizadas aproximaes entre uma aprendizagem ubqua e os conceitos de conhecimento intuitivo e conhecimento tcito, de modo que possvel identificar um carter esttico inerente produo de conhecimento que utiliza de redes digitais.
Trabalho e formação política dos professores da educação básica
Authors: Valmorbida Itacir Carlos , Da Silva Maurício Roberto
Published: June 2018

O artigo tem como objetivo propor a reflexo sobre alguns elementos terico-prticos que caracterizam a formao poltica dos professores da rede pblica estadual do municpio de Chapec (SC). O texto tem por referncia pesquisa (dissertao) cujo elemento motivador foi o desafio da tripla militncia: escola, sindicato e academia. Metodologicamente, utiliza-se o estudo de caso exploratrio, visando problematizar os elementos terico-metodolgicos e terico-empricos que propiciam repensar a formao poltica dos professores enquanto intelectuais orgnicos. O texto norteado por categorias do materialismo histrico-dialtico e pelos conceitos de pedagogia crtica, intelectual orgnico, formao poltica, militncia e resistncia ativa. As concluses provisrias e propositivas apontam para os desafios de uma formao poltica permanente dos professores de natureza crtico-superadora, centrada na conscincia de classe e nas lutas coletivas e que tenha como cerne ontolgico, epistemolgico e poltico-pedaggico a unidade inseparvel entre teoria e prtica.
O jogo capoeira : uma pedagogia decolonial?
Authors: Cordeiro Albert Alan de Sousa , Araújo Sônia Maria da Silva
Published: June 2018

Neste artigo analisamos as prticas educativas presentes no jogo da Capoeira, e discutimos como estas se configuram numa pedagogia decolonial, materializada em processos formativos contra a lgica de opresso da colonialidade/modernidade. Para tanto, tomamos como objeto de anlise o trabalho de um professor de Capoeira. Durante cinco meses acompanhamos este professor, metodologicamente usando a observao participante na qual aplicamos tambm entrevista semiestruturada com seus alunos. Os resultados demonstraram que o jogo da Capoeira, fortemente assentado em uma cosmogonia africana, o que edifica um sentimento de pertena comunitria, produz processos educativos decoloniais por problematizarem o racismo, as diferenas culturais, e as desigualdades sociais, resultando na operacionalizao de uma pedagogia intercultural em contraposio matriz colonial de poder e colonialidade.
A TEORIA INTERPRETATIVA DE DWORKIN: UM MODELO CONSTRUTIVO
Authors: Sens Sheila Catarina da Silva
Published: June 2018

O presente artigo buscar analisar o processo interpretativo do autor Ronald Dworkin, de maneira a esclarecer a proposta deste autor para um método de interpretação legal que possa oferecer uma adequação justa e legítima das leis e valores comunitários em uma decisão judicial. Dworkin oferece uma teoria de interpretação construtiva que usa o direito como integridade para uma melhor justificativa e legitimação da atividade judiciária, onde o papel do julgador vai além do de simples aplicador de normas. O método utilizado para a realização da pesquisa foi o indutivo, por meio de revisão bibliográfica das obras do referido autor, bem como a leitura de trabalhos elaborados por críticos da teoria de Dworkin.
ACETONE HYDRATION KINETICS AND EVALUATION OF INPUT OF 2-PROPANOL DEHYDRATION REACTION ON RANEY NICKEL UNDER HYDROGENATION CONDITIONS
Authors: Romanenko Yu.E. , Merkin A.A. , Lefedova O.V.
Published: June 2018

The problem of kinetics of skeletal nickel samples saturation with hydrogen in an aqueous solution of 2-propanol of azeotropic composition was discussed. 2-propanol dehydrogenation and acetone hydrogenation rate constants were calculated. Kinetic model of processes under study was offered.
Sol–Gel Technology
Authors: Ben‐Nissan Besim
Published: June 2018

The ability to produce homogeneous high purity materials is of great interest in industrial, engineering, and medical applications. Although its history goes back to the 1800s, the sol–gel method with its unique colloidal synthesis approach and its final nanoscale morphology has been widely investigated during the last four decades. The gel‐structure transition plays a critical role in the formation as well as the current production of various types of sol–gel‐derived materials such as powders, fibers, coatings, composites, and solid monoliths. It is the main aim of this chapter to cover the sol–gel synthesis, production and application of powders, thin films, coatings, hybrids, aerogels, and solid materials and structures produced by sol–gel technology. In particular, two examples of the application of sol–gel techniques are given in detail; one on the production of sol–gel‐based bioglasses (Bioglass®), and the other on alkoxide‐derived calcium phosphates for biomedical applications.
Simultaneous Micropatterning of Fibrous Meshes and Bioinks for the Fabrication of Living Tissue Constructs
Authors: de Ruijter Mylène , Ribeiro Alexandre , Dokter Inge , Castilho Miguel , Malda Jos
Published: June 2018

Fabrication of biomimetic tissues holds much promise for the regeneration of cells or organs that are lost or damaged due to injury or disease. To enable the generation of complex, multicellular tissues on demand, the ability to design and incorporate different materials and cell types needs to be improved. Two techniques are combined: extrusion‐based bioprinting, which enables printing of cell‐encapsulated hydrogels; and melt electrowriting (MEW), which enables fabrication of aligned (sub)‐micrometer fibers into a single‐step biofabrication process. Composite structures generated by infusion of MEW fiber structures with hydrogels have resulted in mechanically and biologically competent constructs; however, their preparation involves a two‐step fabrication procedure that limits freedom of design of microfiber architectures and the use of multiple materials and cell types. How convergence of MEW and extrusion‐based bioprinting allows fabrication of mechanically stable constructs with the spatial distributions of different cell types without compromising cell viability and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells is demonstrated for the first time. Moreover, this converged printing approach improves freedom of design of the MEW fibers, enabling 3D fiber deposition. This is an important step toward biofabrication of voluminous and complex hierarchical structures that can better resemble the characteristics of functional biological tissues.
Fiber‐Type Solar Cells, Nanogenerators, Batteries, and Supercapacitors for Wearable Applications
Authors: J. Varma Sreekanth , Sambath Kumar Kowsik , Seal Sudipta , Rajaraman Swaminathan , Thomas Jayan
Published: June 2018

Wearable electronic devices represent a paradigm change in consumer electronics, on‐body sensing, artificial skins, and wearable communication and entertainment. Because all these electronic devices require energy to operate, wearable energy systems are an integral part of wearable devices. Essentially, the electrodes and other components present in these energy devices should be mechanically strong, flexible, lightweight, and comfortable to the user. Presented here is a critical review of those materials and devices developed for energy conversion and storage applications with an objective to be used in wearable devices. The focus is mainly on the advances made in the field of solar cells, triboelectric generators, Li‐ion batteries, and supercapacitors for wearable device development. As these devices need to be attached/integrated with the fabric, the discussion is limited to devices made in the form of ribbons, filaments, and fibers. Some of the important challenges and future directions to be pursued are also highlighted.
Ladder‐Type Heteroarene‐Based Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Chen Jianhua , Yang Kun , Zhou Xin , Guo Xugang
Published: June 2018

The fusion of heteroaromatic rings into ladder‐type heteroarenes can stabilize frontier molecular orbitals and lead to improved physicochemical properties that are beneficial for applications in various optoelectronic devices. Thus, ladder‐type heteroarenes, which feature highly planar backbones and well‐delocalized π conjugation, have recently emerged as a promising type of organic semiconductor with excellent device performance in organic photovoltaics (OPVs) and organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs). In this Focus Review, we summarize the recent advances in ladder‐type heteroarene‐based organic semiconductors, such as hole‐ and electron‐transporting molecular semiconductors, and fully ladder‐type conjugated polymers towards their applications in OPVs and OFETs. The recent use of ladder‐type small‐molecule acceptor materials has strikingly boosted the power conversion efficiency of fullerene‐free solar cells, and selected examples of the latest developments in ladder‐type fused‐ring electron acceptor materials are also elaborated.
Inhibitory control in typically developing preschoolers: Relations among temperament, respiratory sinus arrhythmia, and behavior at age 4
Authors: Hassan Raha , Day Kimberly L. , Van Lieshout Ryan J. , Schmidt Louis A.
Published: June 2018

Although inhibitory control (IC) is associated with children's positive adjustment, we know relatively little about factors underlying its development. We examined whether baseline and on‐task respiratory sinus arrhythmia [(RSA); a physiological measure of self‐regulation] and private speech (a behavioral measure of self‐regulation) interacted to confer differences on directly observed IC in 52 typically developing 4‐year olds. We found that baseline RSA moderated the association between private speech and IC, such that private speech positively predicted IC in children with relatively higher baseline RSA, but was unrelated to IC in children with relatively lower RSA. We also found that children with a concordant physiological‐behavioral pattern (i.e., high RSA and high private speech; low RSA and low private speech) had higher IC, higher effortful control, and lower negative emotionality than those with a discordant physiological‐behavioral pattern (i.e., high RSA and low private speech; low RSA and high private speech). Individual differences in physiological and behavioral self‐regulation indices may represent distinct regulation pathways that interact to confer differences in IC during the preschool years.
Effects of reinforcement without extinction on increasing compliance with nail cutting: A systematic replication
Authors: Dowdy Art , Tincani Matt , Nipe Timothy , Weiss Mary Jane
Published: June 2018

Personal hygiene routines, such as nail cutting, are essential for maintaining good health. However, individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other developmental disabilities often struggle to comply with essential, personal hygiene routines. We conducted a systematic replication of Schumacher and Rapp (2011), Shabani and Fisher (2006), and Bishop et al. (2013) to evaluate an intervention that did not require escape extinction for increasing compliance with nail cutting. With two adolescents diagnosed with ASD who resisted nail cutting, we evaluated the effects of delivering a preferred edible item contingent on compliance with nail cutting. Results indicated that the treatment reduced participants' escape responses and increased their compliance with nail cutting.