bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Escape From Treatment; the Different Faces of Leukemic Stem Cells and Therapy Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: van Gils Noortje , Denkers Fedor , Smit Linda
Published: May 2021

Standard induction chemotherapy, consisting of an anthracycline and cytarabine, has been the first-line therapy for many years to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although this treatment induces complete remissions in the majority of patients, many face a relapse (adaptive resistance) or have refractory disease (primary resistance). Moreover, older patients are often unfit for cytotoxic-based treatment. AML relapse is due to the survival of therapy-resistant leukemia cells (minimal residual disease, MRD). Leukemia cells with stem cell features, named leukemic stem cells (LSCs), residing within MRD are thought to be at the origin of relapse initiation. It is increasingly recognized that leukemia “persisters” are caused by intra-leukemic heterogeneity and non-genetic factors leading to plasticity in therapy response. The BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax, combined with hypomethylating agents or low dose cytarabine, represents an important new therapy especially for older AML patients. However, often there is also a small population of AML cells refractory to venetoclax treatment. As AML MRD reflects the sum of therapy resistance mechanisms, the different faces of treatment “persisters” and LSCs might be exploited to reach an optimal therapy response and prevent the initiation of relapse. Here, we describe the different epigenetic, transcriptional, and metabolic states of therapy sensitive and resistant AML (stem) cell populations and LSCs, how these cell states are influenced by the microenvironment and affect treatment outcome of AML. Moreover, we discuss potential strategies to target dynamic treatment resistance and LSCs.
Imaging Metformin Efficacy as Add-On Therapy in Cells and Mouse Models of Human EGFR Glioblastoma
Authors: Valtorta Silvia , Lo Dico Alessia , Raccagni Isabella , Martelli Cristina , Pieri Valentina , Rainone Paolo , Todde Sergio , Zinnhardt Bastian , De Bernardi Elisabetta , Coliva Angela , Politi Letterio S. , Viel Thomas , Jacobs Andreas H. , Galli Rossella , Ottobrini Luisa , Vaira Valentina , Moresco Rosa Maria
Published: May 2021

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive tumor of the brain. Despite the efforts, response to current therapies is poor and 2-years survival rate ranging from 6-12%. Here, we evaluated the preclinical efficacy of Metformin (MET) as add-on therapy to Temozolomide (TMZ) and the ability of [18F]FLT (activity of thymidine kinase 1 related to cell proliferation) and [18F]VC701 (translocator protein, TSPO) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) radiotracers to predict tumor response to therapy. Indeed, TSPO is expressed on the outer mitochondrial membrane of activated microglia/macrophages, tumor cells, astrocytes and endothelial cells. TMZ-sensitive (Gli36ΔEGFR-1 and L0627) or -resistant (Gli36ΔEGFR-2) GBM cell lines representative of classical molecular subtype were tested in vitro and in vivo in orthotopic mouse models. Our results indicate that in vitro, MET increased the efficacy of TMZ on TMZ-sensitive and on TMZ-resistant cells by deregulating the balance between pro-survival (bcl2) and pro-apoptotic (bax/bad) Bcl-family members and promoting early apoptosis in both Gli36ΔEGFR-1 and Gli36ΔEGFR-2 cells. In vivo, MET add-on significantly extended the median survival of tumor-bearing mice compared to TMZ-treated ones and reduced the rate of recurrence in the TMZ-sensitive models. PET studies with the cell proliferation radiopharmaceutical [18F]FLT performed at early time during treatment were able to distinguish responder from non-responder to TMZ but not to predict the duration of the effect. On the contrary, [18F]VC701 uptake was reduced only in mice treated with MET plus TMZ and levels of uptake negatively correlated with animals’ survival. Overall, our data showed that MET addition improved TMZ efficacy in GBM preclinical models representative of classical molecular subtype increasing survival time and reducing tumor relapsing rate. Finally, results from PET imaging suggest that the reduction of cell proliferation represents a common mechanism of TMZ and combined treatment, whereas only the last was able to reduce TSPO. This reduction was associated with the duration of treatment response. TSPO-ligand may be used as a complementary molecular imaging marker to predict tumor microenvironment related treatment effects.
COVID-19 and Hypertension: The What, the Why, and the How
Authors: Muhamad Shah-Abas , Ugusman Azizah , Kumar Jaya , Skiba Dominik , Hamid Adila A. , Aminuddin Amilia
Published: May 2021

It has been a year since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared pandemic and wreak havoc worldwide. Despite meticulous research has been done in this period, there are still much to be learn from this novel coronavirus. Globally, observational studies have seen that majority of the patients with COVID-19 have preexisting hypertension. This raises the question about the possible relationship between COVID-19 and hypertension. This review summarizes the current understanding of the link between hypertension and COVID-19 and its underlying mechanisms.
Distributive and Procedural Justice and Political Trust in Europe
Authors: Schnaudt Christian , Hahn Caroline , Heppner Elias
Published: May 2021

Previous research underlines that a political system's adherence to principles of distributive and procedural justice stimulates citizens' political trust. Yet, most of what is known about the relationship between justice and political trust is derived from macro-level indicators of distributive and procedural justice, merely presuming that citizens connect a political system's adherence to justice principles to their trust in political authorities and institutions. Accordingly, we still lack a clear understanding of whether and how individual perceptions and evaluations of distributive and procedural justice influence citizens' political trust and how their impact might be conditioned by a political system's overall adherence to principles of justice. In addition, previous research has implicitly assumed that the link between justice principles and political trust operates identically for all major political authorities and institutions, disregarding the possibility that citizens evaluate representative and regulative authorities and institutions on the basis of different justice criteria. Against this background, the aims of the present study are (1) to investigate the impact of individual evaluations of distributive and procedural justice on citizens' political trust, (2) to analyze to what extent the effects of justice evaluations on political trust depend on political systems' overall adherence to principles of distributive and procedural justice, and (3) to assess whether and in which ways the influence of justice evaluations differs for trust in representative and regulative authorities and institutions. Our empirical analysis covering more than 30,000 respondents from 27 European countries based on data from the European Social Survey (ESS) and the Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) project demonstrates that (1) more positive evaluations of distributive and procedural justice foster citizens' political trust, that (2) the impact of justice evaluations on political trust is amplified in political systems in which the overall adherence to justice principles is compromised, and that (3) different facets of distributive and procedural justice evaluations exert varying effects on citizens' trust in representative as compared to regulative authorities and institutions. These findings entail important implications with regard to the relation between justice and political trust and the general viability of modern democratic systems.
The Relationship Between Proactive Behavior and Work-Family Conflict: A Moderated Mediation Model
Authors: Cui Zilong , Li Yuyin
Published: May 2021

This study aimed to explore the linking mechanisms and conditional processes underlying the relationship between proactive behavior and work-family conflict. Considering the conservation of resources theory, we argue that workplace anxiety mediates the relationship between proactive behavior and work-family conflict. Furthermore, we suggest that immediate supervisor perspective taking and employee emotional intelligence moderate this proposed indirect effect. Two-wave, multisource lagged data were collected from 450 employees of seven domestic Chinese firms to examine the hypothesized moderated mediation model. Our findings support the hypothesis that proactive behavior is positively related to work-family conflict and that workplace anxiety partially mediates this relationship. Immediate supervisor perspective taking moderates the positive association of proactive behavior with workplace anxiety and the indirect relationship between proactive behavior and work-family conflict through workplace anxiety. Emotional intelligence moderates the positive association of proactive behavior with workplace anxiety and the indirect relationship between proactive behavior and work-family conflict through workplace anxiety. The results deepen our theoretical understanding of the consequences of proactivity by demonstrating the positive associations between proactive behavior and work-family conflict. The current study also contributes to the literature by identifying workplace anxiety as a mediating mechanism explaining the relationship between proactivity and work-family conflict. Furthermore, supervisor perspective taking and employee emotional intelligence moderate the above mediating effect.
Utilizing Incentivized Economic Experiments to Test for Social Skills Acquisition Through Physical Education: Study Protocol of the Movigen Project
Authors: Haas André , Wittelsberger Rita , Wäsche Hagen , Woll Alexander , Nieken Petra
Published: May 2021

Besides cognitive skills, non-cognitive skills—social skills in particular—are crucial for outcomes in various domains of life. The present work describes the design of theMovigenproject, an intervention study with children aged 10–13 years using enhanced physical education lessons to foster social skills in a playful way. Utilizing a novel methodological approach various incentivized economic experiments were applied to test for spillover effects of the intervention on social skills. At three points during the course of the study individuals participated in a series of incentivized economic experiments to elicit economic preferences and personality traits. Additional information about physical activity and free time activities, different psychometric scales, and family background were elicited with questionnaires. Furthermore, a subset of individuals was equipped with accelerometers for 7 days to validate the answers on physical activity in the questionnaire. The data set comprises a treatment group which received enhanced physical education lessons and a control group which received regular physical education lessons at school. The comparison of individuals' decision in the economic experiments between both groups allows to study the impact of our intervention on social skills.
Imagens em disputa: a circulação de sentidos sobre o Exército Brasileiro no Complexo da Maré
Authors: Rosa Ana Paula da , Vinhola Bruno Garcia
Published: May 2021

O artigo examina o fenômeno da midiatização com foco nos processos de circulação de sentidos. Em meio à profusão imagética da sociedade midiatizada, investiga-se a disputa pela construção da imagem do Exército Brasileiro durante a operação de pacificação do Complexo da Maré, ocorrida entre 2014 e 2015. Como referencial teórico, defende-se uma compreensão do fenômeno da midiatização baseada na abordagem mais recente de Verón (2014), que encaminha às noções de circulação a partir de Braga (2012) e Fausto Neto (2010) e de dispositivo midiático a partir de Ferreira (2013). Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, parte-se do esquema prógono de Verón para análise da midiatização (1997) para a constituição de dois eixos de análise, organizados em três coleções de imagens referentes a acontecimentos da operação. Tensionadas quanto a aspectos sócio-semio-técnicos, as coleções revelam categorias de imagens produzidas sobre o Exército, posteriormente sistematizadas em diagramas inferenciais. Conclui-se que, na circulação midiática atual, cada vez mais heterogênea e transversal, além da disputa intermidiática que atravessa a construção da imagem do Exército na Maré, configura-se também uma coprodução da imagem institucional, potencializada pela processualidade simbólica que, paradoxalmente, fortalece determinadas imagens em detrimento de outras.
Música e som nos curtas-metragens de Jean-Luc Godard dos anos 1950
Authors: Alvim Luíza Beatriz
Published: May 2021

Jean-Luc Godard fez cinco curtas-metragens nos anos 1950: Operação concreto (Opération béton, 1954), Uma mulher faceira (Une femme coquette, 1955), Charlotte e Véronique: todos os rapazes se chamam Patrick (Charlotte et Véronique: tous les garçons s´appellent Patrick, 1957), Charlotte e seu namorado (Charlotte et son Jules, 1959), além de Uma história de água (Une histoire d´eau), filmado por Truffaut em 1958 e montado por Godard posteriormente. Por meio da identificação das peças musicais e de análise fílmica das relações da música com as imagens e com os outros sons, objetivamos ressaltar aspectos formais da distribuição dos trechos musicais ao longo desses filmes, além de associações de significados. Observamos, assim, várias características importantes da obra posterior de Godard já presentes nesses curtas: o uso de peças preexistentes do repertório clássico, como as de Beethoven, compositor prevalente ao longo de toda a obra do diretor; a repetição da mesma música num só filme e/ou o retorno das mesmas peças musicais em filmes distintos, com o reaproveitamento constante de materiais ao longo da obra; a fragmentação da música em pontos não usuais, causando estranhamento no espectador; a presença de um comentário over verborrágico.
A incompletude constitutiva do sujeito e o reconhecimento de si: o mangá Naruto como metáfora para (re)pensar a condição humana
Authors: Silva Francisco Vieira , Silva Diego Rodrigues da
Published: May 2021

O referente trabalho busca analisar a necessidade humana em ser reconhecido e como se busca esse caminho de “existência” e os efeitos disso na constituição do sujeito. Para tanto, tomamos como corpus de análises alguns recortes do mangá Naruto, de Masashi Kishimoto. O referido mangá trata do personagem homônimo que possui no seu interior o demônio “Raposa de Nove Caudas”, responsável pela destruição da vila e que essa “Raposa de Nove Caudas” fora introduzida em Naruto como uma espécie de pacto do pai do personagem, o qual conseguiu salvar a vila do ataque do ser maléfico que habita o corpo de Naruto. O aparato teórico que sustenta nosso estudo ampara-se em autores como Estés (1999), Cyrulnik (2013) e Comte-Spoville (2007). Metodologicamente falando, trata-se de um estudo descritivo-interpretativo de natureza qualitativa. As análises dos recortes de Naruto permitem-nos evidenciar que na saga interpenetram uma série de questões que envolvem a busca por reconhecimento, a incompletude constitutiva do sujeito num processo contínuo de construção de si e do outro. Esses (des)caminhos levam-nos a pensar na configuração da existência mimetizada nos mangás como um dispositivo importante dos fluxos comunicacionais da contemporaneidade.
Aplicación del E-Commerce para Emprendimientos Ecuatorianos en tiempos de Disrupción
Authors: Cando Cedeño Jhonson Orlando , Cando Cedeño Jordan Lindon
Published: May 2021

Ecuador es un país emprendedor, ya lo detallan así, los indicadores globales de emprendimiento a nivel joven y es un referente latinoamericano en esta área, por lo tanto, debido a estos antecedentes se efectúa el análisis del potencial emprendedor que tendría la nación al apostar por las plataformas digitales, marcando las tendencias tecnológicas actuales optadas por los millenials, y diversas generaciones, que van de la mano del comercio electrónico, ya que en la ideología moderna si no está en línea no existe y es así como muchos negocios se ven en la necesidad de obtener presencia digital para no decaer en estos tiempos de disrupción, se propone como metodología recurrir a la revisión documental de indicadores a nivel país, regional y mundial; lo cual supone una mejor apreciación de la realidad ecuatoriana en contraste con otras naciones, como unos de los resultados más importantes se prevé una mejora en el actual situación de starups, emprendimientos y mypimes recientes y ya consolidados.
Effect of a Pay-for-Performance Program on Renal Outcomes Among Patients With Early-Stage Chronic Kidney Disease in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Min-Ting , Hsu Chien-Ning , Lee Chien-Te , Cheng Shou-Hsia
Published: May 2021

Background: With the promising outcomes of the pre-ESRD (end-stage renal disease) pay-for-performance (P4P) program, the National Health Insurance Administration (NHIA) of Taiwan launched a P4P program for patients with early chronic kidney disease (CKD) in 2011, targeting CKD patients at stages 1, 2, and 3a. This study aimed to examine the long-term effect of the early-CKD P4P program on CKD progression. Methods: We conducted a matched cohort study using electronic medical records from a large healthcare delivery system in Taiwan. The outcome of interest was CKD progression to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 between P4P program enrolees and non-enrolees. The difference in the cumulative incidence of CKD progression between the P4P and non-P4P groups was tested using Gray’s test. We adopted a cause-specific (CS) hazard model to estimate the hazard in the P4P group as compared to non-P4P group, adjusting for age, sex, baseline renal function, and comorbidities. A subgroup analysis was further performed in CKD patients with diabetes to evaluate the interactive effects between the early-CKD P4P and diabetes P4P programs. Results: The incidence per 100 person-months of disease progression was significantly lower in the P4P group than in the non-P4P group (0.44 vs. 0.69, P<.0001), and the CS hazard ratio (CS-HR) for P4P program enrolees compared with non-enrolees was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.58–0.64, P<.0001). The results of the subgroup analysis further revealed an additive effect of the diabetes P4P program on CKD progression; compared to none of both P4P enrolees, the CS-HR for CKD disease progression was 0.60 (95% CI: 0.54–0.67, P<.0001) for patients who were enrolled in both early-CKD P4P and diabetes P4P programs. Conclusion: The present study results suggest that the early-CKD P4P program is superior to usual care to decelerate CKD progression in patients with early-stage CKD.
Religious work of the Nayanmars who volunteered for the sacred offering of Food
Authors: P Sasireha
Published: May 2021

Food is one of the basic elements needed to live a healthy life in the world.  The body needs food to survive and food to survive.  Only a healthy body can function with energy.  The body also acts as a bridge to help the living reach the Lord.  Sixty-three of the Nayans expressed their love for the Lord through their charities.  It is noteworthy that the work done by a large number of ten Nayans was done by a large number of Nayans, although the Nayans practiced as many religious activities as they wished, providing foods, such as lighting, plowing, supplying, and providing clothing.  Although there are many ways to practice religion, the Nayans amused the devotees who realized that the energy capacity of food was essential for the functioning of the body.  This article sets out to explore the religious work of the Nayans who volunteered for such an amulet.
COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS ONLINE AND OFFLINE REGISTRATION SYSTEM ON PATIENT WAITING TIME IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SEMARANG USING QUEUING THEORY
Authors: Widianawati Evina , Agiwahyuanto Faik , Trianni Trianni , Sabrina Adelia Ayu , Febian Dimas Angga
Published: May 2021

The online registration system at Semarang's Primary Health Care has been implemented in 2018, but online registration users are still small. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of online and offline registration at waiting times using variables in queuing theory. Research at 3 health centers in the city of Semarang. By observing the time of arrival and time of admission to the patient's clinic then the patient is also given a registration service satisfaction questionnaire sheet. The data were processed using queuing theory variables as well as descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The number of online registrants is only 12% while 88% registered offline. The total number of online registrant patient arrivals per hour is 0.85 patients and offline registrants are 6.38 patients per hour where many patients arrive at the first 105 minutes to open the Puskesmas. The utility of the online registrant registration server is 7%, while 48% offline is classified as low and the patient queue is only about 1 patient so there is no need for an additional registration server to speed up service. There was a difference between online and offline registration waiting times (p = 0.00) where online patients waited 4.91 minutes while offline patients waited 8.84 minutes. There is an effect of waiting time in the system on patient satisfaction (p = 0.00) so that to increase patient satisfaction, it is hoped that patients will register online.
A Logistics Model Suggestion for A Logistics Centre to Be Established: An Application in Aegean and Central Anatolia Region
Authors: YILDIZ Kürşat , TABAK Çağlar , YERLİKAYA Mehmet Akif , EFE Burak
Published: May 2021

The fact that the transport costs directly affect the countries’ economies all around the world and that the transport costs increase depending on the energy resources steered the countries into developing combined transport strategies that will decrease the transport costs. In this study, an assessment is made for the selection of locations of the logistics centers which will contribute to decreasing the transport costs, develop logistics sector strategies in Turkey, and thereby enable to identify the strategies for the fastest, safest, and the most economic transport utilizing integration of modes of transport with each other. Nonetheless, an integrated logistics model which includes freight capacity and selection of the optimum location is proposed for the efficient and useful logistics center. In this logistics model, a freight model, which is a criterion for optimal location selection, has been obtained by using regression analysis. According to this freight model, freight carrying capacity is determined for each alternative region. Optimum location selection has been made utilizing AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process)-VIKOR (Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) method. We aim to contribute to the literature by making systematically estimating variable carrying capacities and by being decisive in the logistics center location selection. The proposed logistics model has been applied for a logistics center to be established, and effective and valid results have been obtained.
Percepciones de los estudiantes de Educación Secundaria sobre el valor educativo de los videojuegos y su diseño como estrategia pedagógica
Authors: Mojena Wilce Yolanda , Salcines-Talledo Irina
Published: May 2021

Los videojuegos se han situado como una de las principales industrias del ocio y entretenimiento en España, pero también ha habido un incremento significativo en su uso con fines educativos. Estos se utilizan como un elemento de motivación en el aula, que ha demostrado tener múltiples beneficios sobre el aprendizaje y el desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas. En este trabajo, a través de una investigación cuantitativa, no experimental y descriptiva, se profundizó en el valor educativo del videojuego y en su diseño como estrategia pedagógica. Para ello, se recogieron las percepciones del alumnado de secundaria, mediante un cuestionario ad hoc en el que participaron 55 sujetos. Los principales resultados señalan el amplio interés de los estudiantes por el aprendizaje, a través de videojuegos.
From Streamlining to Mainstreaming “Islamization of Knowledge”
Authors: Hanafi Sari
Published: May 2021

Founded in 1983, the International Islamic University of Malaysia (IIUM) has been a laboratory of “Islamization of Human Knowledge” (IoK). Looking at theoretical models and practical applications of IIUM, this article unfolds the passage from a generation of faculty who established the “IoK” paradigm in order to streamline it, to a new generation that seeks to mainstream it. The aim is to show that this transition has been made possible due to the employment of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, and yet, despite this possibility, this shift is and will continue to be, accompanied with some contradictions, tensions, and shortages. This article concludes by highlighting three points: the extent to which IIUM succeeded in producing professionally-trained versus Islamically-oriented graduates; the level of success IoK mainstreaming has had using the Maqāṣidic approach; and, finally, how the implementation of the IoK paradigm may be impeding pluralism.
Architecture of the Islamic West North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1800 - Architecture in Global Socialism Eastern Europe, West Africa, and The Middle East in the Cold War - Architecture of Coexistence Building Pluralism
Authors: Gaber Tammy
Published: May 2021

Architecture of the Islamic West North Africa and the Iberian Peninsula, 700-1800 (by Jonathan M. Bloom)
Architecture in Global Socialism Eastern Europe, West Africa, and The Middle East in the Cold War (by Łukasz Stanek)
Architecture of Coexistence Building Pluralism (by Azra Akšamija, ed.)
Collaboration in mathematics
Authors: Hunter Roberta , Civil Marta
Published: May 2021

The importance of learners collaborating to construct deep mathematical understandings has been increasingly recognized in research and practice in recent times. In this paper we draw on a sociocultural perspective to show how a situative strength-based approach can be usefully applied to highlight the different ways in which learners from backgrounds within collectivist traditions participate constructively in mathematical interactions. As a key equity issue, learners from backgrounds in collectivist traditions should have the opportunity to expand their repertoires of practice so that they can flexibly adapt to any learning context. The two cases presented, from two geographic regions, both illustrate the central role the concept of family has for these learners -‘familia’ or ‘whānau’- as a collective concept of individuals working together not as individuals but rather as one unit.
Introducción a ‘Construyendo la investigación sociocultural en educación matemática’
Authors: Planas Núria
Published: May 2021

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KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING, RETENSI NITROGEN DAN ENERGI METABOLIS RANSUM AYAM PEDAGING YANG MENGGUNAKAN TEPUNG LIMBAH LABU KUNING (Cucurbita moschata)
Authors: Herryanto Ryan Hendrik , Mandey Jet S. , Untu Ivonne M. , Rahasia Cathrien A.
Published: May 2021

DIGESTIBILITY OF DRY MATTER, NITROGEN RETENTION AND METABOLIC ENERGY IN RATION OF BROILERS USING YELLOW PUMPKIN MEAL (Cucurbita moschata). Research was conducted to evaluate digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen retention and metabolic energy corrected to nitrogen in ration of broilers using yellow pumpkin meal (Cucurbita moschata). The total of 20 unsexed broilers of CP 707 strain at age of 5 weeks old with the average body weight of 1073 grams were used in this study. The completely randomized design involving 4 treatments and 5 replications in each treatment was applied at the experimental unit. The significant treatments were tested using honestly significant difference test. The treatments were including 100% basal ration without yellow pumpkin meal (R0), 95% basal ration added with 5% yellow pumpkin meal (R1), 90% basal ration added with 10% yellow pumpkin meal (R2), and 85% basal ration added with 15% yellow pumpkin meal (R3). Results of analysis of variance showed that treatments significantly affected (P<0,05) nitrogen retention value, but did not significantly affected (P>0,05) dry matter digestibility and metabolic energy corrected to nitrogen in ration. Based on honestly significant difference test, treatments of R0, R1 and R2 were higher compared with R3. Among treatments of R0, R1 and R2 were not significantly different. Therefore, it can be concluded that yellow pumpkin meal (Cucurbita moschata) was potential to be the alternative material ingredient up to 15 percents in ration of broilers based on digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen retention and metabolic energy. Key Words: Broiler, Dry matter, Metabolic energy, Nitrogen retention, Yellow pumpkin meal.
KARATERISTIK ORGAN BAGIAN DALAM AYAM BURAS YANG DIBERI PAKAN MINYAK KELAPA (Cocos nucifera) DALAM RANSUM
Authors: Leke Jein Rinny , Sompie F.N. , Wantasen E. , Widyastuti T. , Sondakh E.H.B.
Published: May 2021

INTERNAL ORGANS CHAR ACTERISTICS OF NATIVE CHICKEN FED BY COCONUT OIL (Cocos nucifera) ON DIET. The research was carried to determine the internal organs characteristics of buras chickens fed coconut (Cocos mucifera) oil in diet. A total 100 unsexed buras chickens was used in this experiment. The design used in this study was a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 5 treatments and 5 replications (4 hens each). The data were subjected to analysis of variance, when the treatments indicated significant effect it was continued Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. Five dietary treatments containing 0, 0.5%, 1 %, 1,5%, and 2% levels of coconut oil (CO) with five replicates were applied to chickens.  Parameters measured were body weight, heart, liver, pancreas  and gizzard weight. Result showed that CO in the ration significantly increased the body weight (P<0.01) but did not affect to heart weight, liver weight, pancreas weight and gizzard weight.(P>0.05) It can be concluded that coconut oil in the diet can’t increase the internal organ characteristics. We can gave the 2% CO in the diet for the best results. Key words: Internal Organs, Coconut Oil, Buras Chickens
KUALITAS INTERNAL TELUR AYAM MB 402 YANG DIBERI RANSUM DENGAN IMBANGAN PROTEIN DAN ENERGI BERBEDA
Authors: Arunde Jerlania M. , Leke Jein Rinny , Rimbing S. , Tangkau L.
Published: May 2021

This study aims to study the internal quality of chicken eggs MB 402 feed with different protein and energy balance. A total of 80 MB 402 chicken aged 38 weeks with the treatment given (P1 15% protein, 2800 kkcal/kg energy metabolisme), (P2: 16%  protein, 2800 kcal/kg energy metabolisme), (P3: 17% protein, 2700 kcal/kg energy metabolisme) dan (P4: 18%, protein 2700 kcal/kg energy metabolisme). The design used is a complete random design (RAL) with 4 treatment 5 replications in each treatment there were 4 MB 402 laying hens. Research variabeles include : egg yolk index, egg yolk colour, and egg white index. The results showed that the protein and energy balance in the ration had no real effect (P > 0,05) to the color of the yolk, the index of the index of the yolk, and theo0 index of the egg whites. Conclusions the use of protein and energy balance in ration with level 15% protein and 2800 kcal/kg energy metabolise. Keywords: laying hens MB 402, Protein and energy balance, Egg quality
PENGARUH PENGGANTIAN SEBAGIAN RANSUM DENGAN TEPUNG LIMBAH LABU KUNING (Cucurbita moschata) TERHADAP PERFORMANS AYAM PEDAGING
Authors: Salauhiang Julin , Najoan Marie , Pontoh Cherly J. , Imbar Meity R.
Published: May 2021

EFFECT OF REPLACEMENT SOME RATIONS WITH FLOUR YELLOW PUMPKIN WASTE (CUCURBITA MOSCHATA) AGAINST PERFORMANCE BROILER. This study aims to determine   the extent of the partial replacement of rations with pumpkin waste flour (Cucurbita moschata) as measured by broiler performance. Using 100 unsexed broiler Cobb 707 aged 1 day with average body weight ± 45.32 g. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatment composition is as follows: R0 = 100% basal ration (RB) + 0% pumpkin waste flour (TLLK), R1 = 95% RB + 5% TLLK, R2 = 90% RB + 10% TLLK, R3 = 85% RB + 15% TLLK.  Results of analysis of variance showed that the dissecting treatment was not significant (P>0.05) for the consumption, weight and conversion of ration The use of pumpkin waste flour can replace a portion of the ration up to 15%.Key words: Performance, waste pumpkin, broiler.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI ALOKASI BANTUAN MODAL TERNAK SAPI PADA RUMAHTANGGA PETERNAK SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN TOMPASO BARAT
Authors: Manopo Keine A , Umboh S J.K , Waleleng P O.V , Elly F H
Published: May 2021

FACTORS AFFECTING THE ALLOCATION OF CAPITAL ASSISTANCE IN HOUSEHOLD CATTLE BREEDER IN DISTRICT WEST TOMPASO. The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors that are influencing farmer households’ decision making in allocating financial assistance for livestock production in West Tompaso sub-district, Minahasa regency. This research applies surveying method among 30 household samples. Data collecting was done in October until November 2018. Data analysis is proceeded by using simultaneous equation analysis. The result of this research shows that financial assistance allocation for cattle business is 39,76% and the rest 60,24% is the allocation for any farming businesses other than cattle business. The financial assistance for cattle business is significantly influenced by the amount of financial assistance given, feeder cattle value and the allocation of financial assistance for farming businesses other than cattle business. Meanwhile, the allocation of financial assistance for farming businesses other than cattle business is significantly influenced by the amount of financial assistance received and the allocation of the financial assistance for cattle business.Keywords: Allocation, Financial Assistance, Beef Cattle.
PENGARUH FALSE MOUNTING TERHADAP KUALITAS SEMEN SAPI LIMOUSIN DAN SIMMENTAL DI BALAI INSEMINASI BUATAN LEMBANG
Authors: Kafiar Yuli Siska , Adiani Sri , Lomboan Agustinus , Lapian H.F.N.
Published: May 2021

THE EFFECT OF FALSE MOUNTING ON SEMEN QUALITY OF LIMOUSIN AND SIMMENTAL BULL IN LEMBANG ARTIFICAL INSEMINATION CENTER. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of false mounting on the quality of Limosin and Simental bull semen at the Lembang Artificial Insemination Center. The 55 individu of Limousin and 55 Simmental bull aging 5-9 years old have been used in thos study. The data have been collected directly in the Artificial Insemination Center Lembang - West Java Province. The data obtained in the form of macroscopic and microscopic observations on Limousin and Simmental bull include volume, pH, mass movement, spermatozoa motility and spermatozoa concentration. Data were analyzed descriptively by calculating the standard deviations, correlations coefficients and the T test. The variables measured in this study were macroscopic and microscopic quality of semen. The results of this study indicate that the effect of false mounting on the average semen volume of Limousin and Simmental bull is maximum at 3, 4, and 5 times false mounting but there was not significantly difference between the amount of false mounting, as well as the average volume, pH, mass movement, motility of spemetozoa and concentration spermatozoa are not significantly different. It was concluded that false mounting in Limousin and Simmental bulls in Lembang Artificial Insemination Center had no significantly effect on the quality of macroscopic and microscopic semen. Keywords: False Mounting, Cement Quality, Limousin Cattle, Simmental Cows.
PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN BONGGOL PISANG SEPATU (Musa paradisiaca L) DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PERSENTASE KARKAS DAN LEMAK ABDOMINAL AYAM BROILER
Authors: Pontoh Sulastri G. , Mandey J. , Wolayan F.R. , Kowel Y.
Published: May 2021

THE INFLUENCE OF THE USE OF BANANA HUMP SHOES (Musa paradisiaca L) IN RATION ON THE PERCENTAGE OF CARCASS AND ABDOMINAL FAT IN BROILER CHICKEN. This study aims to determine the extent of the effect of using banana hump shoes (Musa Paradisiaca) in rations on carcass and abdominal fat in broiler chickens. This study was conducted using 100 unsexed Cobb broiler chickens (PT. Charoen Pokhpand), with an average body weight of 837 grams. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments and 5 replications. Arrangement of the experimental treatment as follows: R₀= 55% corn + 0% banana hump shoes, R₁= 50% corn + 5% banana hump shoes, R₂= 45% corn + 10% banana hump shoes, R₃= 40% corn + 15% banana hump shoes. The results showed that there was no significant difference (P>0,05) on the percentage of carcass and abdominal fat in broiler chickens. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the use of banana shoe hump in rations up to 15% produces a good percentage of carcass and abdominal fat. Keywords: broiler chicken, banana hump shoes, percentage of carcass and abdominal fat.
INFESTASI KUTU PADA AYAM KAMPUNG (Gallus gallus domestic) DI DESA TOLOK KECAMATAN TOMPASO KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Balaira Hartina S. , Assa G.V.J. , Nangoy F.J. , Sarajar C.L.K , Nangoy Meis
Published: May 2021

LOUSE INFESTATION AT LOCAL LAYING HENS (Gallus gallus domestic) AT TOLOKVILLAGE TOMPASO DISTRICT OF MINAHASA REGENCY. The objective of this study was to count the infestation, preference of this louse on parts of the body and sex of birds, The purposive random sampling method was used in sample collection implemented manually on the birds stated in the morning and in the afternoon by screening all body of birds initiated from head, neck, hip, abdomen, thigh, and tail using all fingers. Samples of louses found were filled into bottle containing alcohol of 70%. Samples of louses were counted. Result showed that the parasite found one type of louse (Menopon gallinae) with preference infestation of 87.5% from 40 local laying hens spreading on the body parts of birds in the average frequencies on hip of birds about 6.23 louses/bird, on neck of bird about 3.43 louse/bird, on abdomen of bird about 5.48 louses/bird, on thigh about 0.83 louses/bird and on tail about 1.28 louses/bird. The preference of parasite was found on female bird with the average of 20.35 louses/female bird and 14.10 louse/male bird. Key words: Infestation, louses, local laying hens.
PERANAN PENYULUH PADA PEMELIHARAAN TERNAK BABI LOKAL DI DESA GUMBO KECAMATAN TIOMNERI KABUPATEN LANNY JAYA
Authors: Jigibalom Turi , Malingkas J A , Oley F S , Lombogia S O.B
Published: May 2021

ROLE OF CATTLE PIGS COUNSELORS  MAINTENANCE OF LOCAL DISTRICT IN THE VILLAGE GUMBO TIOMNERI LANNY JAYA REGENCY. The study aims to  determine characteristics and breeders perception toward extension activities in the District Gumbo village Tiomneri Lanny Jaya Regency Research has implemented since December, 1th until January 31th 2018 using survey method.   Twenty two of pig breeders in the village pig farmers Gumbo Tiomneri District of Lanny Jaya Regency  was selected by census as sample of respondents. Data analysis using scale of likert Study results indicated  that  breeders perception of the role of agriculture extension agent  as a motivator and facilitator in the District Gumbo village Tiomneri Lanny Jaya Regency was already optimal, or in other words the role of extension officers in performing their duties was already good. The  process of adoption of technology  by pig farmers in the village of the District Gumbo Tiomneri Lanny Jaya Regency was varied from respondents..The role agriculture counselor as a motivator  has succeed to change the habits of farmers tradition that used to keep cattle in the house where they live (home honai) but by  now farmers have made pig pen outside their house.Keywords: Role of Extension agent,  pigs, Gumbo..
ISOLASI SENYAWA SESQUITERPEN DARI FRAKSI AKTIF ANTIBAKTERI ALGA LAUT MERAH Laurencia tronoi
Authors: Dotulong Verly
Published: May 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan  “senyawa baru yang diisolasi dari fraksi aktif  antibakteri yaitu fraksi heksana alga laut merah laurencia tronoi,  sehingga alga laut ini dapat dikembangkan sebagai pangan fungsional”. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah maserasi dengan metanol-air 50%, pada ekstrak metanol air dilakukan fraksinasi berkesinambungan dengan menggunakan pelarut n-heksana, etilasetat dan air. Fraksi n-heksana yang mempunyai aktivitas antibakteri tertinggi selanjutnya dimurnikan untuk mendapatkan isolat murni dengan menggunakan kromatografi kolom sebanyak 3 tahap.  Pendeteksian hasil pemisahan pada tiap tahap dilakukan dengan menggunakan kromatografi Lapis tipis. Pemisahan tahap 1 dan 2 menggunakan fasa diam silika gel 60F254 dan fasa  gerak heksana-etilasetat, sedangkan pemisahan tahap ke-3 menggunakan fasa diam silika gel 60F254 RP-18  dan fasa gerak air-metanol hingga didapatkan isolat murni. Karakterisasi struktur isolat murni  menggunakan metode spektrokopi NMR. Isolat murni yang dihasilkan berupa padatan amorf  berwarna putih dengan hasil interpretasi terhadap spectrum H-NMR, C-NMR, DEPT, HMQC, HMBC dan COSY adalah termasuk golongan senyawa sesquiterpen mempunyai rumus molekul C15H26O4  mempunyai nama IUPAC 3,3,9a-trimetil-6-metilen-dekahidro-1H-benzo[7] annulen-1,2,4a,8-tetraol. Isolat murni ini diduga adalah senyawa baru karena berdasarkan penelusuran literatu belum ditemukan struktur yang sama dengan struktur isolat murni yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian ini.
Legal Aspects of Digital Platforms for the Sharing Consumption Economy
Authors: Altukhov A. V. , Gostilovich A. O. , Kashkin S. Yu.
Published: May 2021

Aim. To consider the features of the shared consumption phenomenon that require specialized legal regulation.

Tasks. To highlight the problems of the legislative framework in this area; to give suggestions for solving the identified problems.

Methodology. The study was conducted in the context of the economic and legal science theory and methodology, using methods of information synthesis and analysis, expert evaluation; scientific and popular scientific publications of domestic and foreign authors were researched.

Results. The concept of the shared consumption economy is revealed. The legal aspects of digital platforms for the shared consumption economy are considered, the experience of the European Union (EU) and the results of the Russian Federation (RF) achieved in this area are analyzed. Based on the analysis, the authors propose to apply the principles and mechanisms of integration law for the regulatory regulation of the new socio-economic model.

Conclusions. It is shown that integration law will best use the accumulated practical experience of legal mechanisms’ timely adaptation to the variability of the external environment in the conditions of digital transformation and artificial intelligence. It is concluded that the concept of “good governance” can be successfully used for the legal regulation of the shared consumption economy platforms.
Reformatting the Social Contract in the Context of a Pandemic
Authors: Leontieva A. N.
Published: May 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to identify the most significant changes in the global and national development agenda associated with the impact of the coronavirus pandemic.

Tasks. The authors analyze the performance of the financial sector; summarize the assessments of leading consulting companies and the results of public opinion polls regarding the actual and projected state of the global and Russian economy and changes in consumption patterns; determine challenges that national authorities are currently facing.

Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition: observation, generalization, comparison, deduction and induction, methods of institutional and structural analysis.

Results. Major trends of socio-economic development during the post-crisis period are examined and analyzed; factors affecting changes in the social structure and potential directions of managerial influence are determined.

Conclusions. The 2020 coronavirus pandemic has been a huge stress for the established management systems at all levels, generating additional public demands that need to be reflected in the social contract. Changes in the main trends of socio-economic development caused by quarantine measures determine the parameters of a different environment for national and social development. Production and industry are affected by regionalization, while consumption is becoming increasingly globalized. Human capital is undergoing transformation in response to the digitalization of the economy, which creates the prerequisites for increasing inequality.
Factoring as a Method of Funding Commercial Companies
Authors: Vtorygin A. S.
Published: May 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to examine the essence of factoring and explore potential directions for its development in the current economic environment.

Tasks. The authors determine the economic substance of factoring, making allowance for the turbulence of the global market environment and the impact of new challenges for the Russian economy.

Methods. This study analyzes legislative and regulatory acts as well as works of Russian and foreign scientists regarding the theoretical and practical problems of funding companies through factoring.

Results. The factoring market is actively developing, particularly at the times of macroeconomic instability, which slows the turnover of funds in the economy and increases the need for funding sources among market participants. The stability of the factoring market during the COVID crisis serves to illustrate the heightened interest of business entities in factoring as a tool for solving a number of problems in corporate financial management. Some characteristic trends in the development of the Russian factoring market include its synchronization with the international market, active development of blockchain technologies, growing number of market participants and expanding range of services provided within the framework of factoring transactions.

Conclusions. Having summarized the theory and practice of factoring development in Russia and abroad, the author concludes that factoring retains its potential as a tool for funding commercial organizations in the context of the development of digital technologies. The demand for factoring services among business entities will continue to grow in the post-COVID economy, which substantiates the practicability of further developing the factoring market and improving the technology behind factoring transactions.
Detection of Visual Similarity Snooping Attacks in Emails using an Extended Client
Based Technique
Authors: George Mwangi Muhindi , Wambugu Geoffrey Mariga , Oirere Aaron Mogeni
Published: May 2021

This paper provides an Extended Client Based
Technique (ECBT) that performs classification on emails using
the Bayessian classifier that attain in-depth defense by performing
textual analysis on email messages and attachment extensions to
detect and flag snooping emails. The technique was implemented
using python 3.6 in a jupyter notebook. An experimental research
method on a personal computer was used to validate the developed
technique using different metrics. The validation results produced
a high acceptable percentage rate based on the four calculated
validation metrics indicating that the technique was valid. The
cosine of similarity showed a high percentage rate of similarity
between the validation labels indicating that there is a high rate of
similarity between the known and output message labels. The
direction for further study on this paper is to conduct a replica
experiments, which enhances the classification and flagging of
the snooped emails using an advanced classification method.