bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E O VERBO FEZ-SE CARNE: A EUCARISTIA ENQUANTO ATO INSTITUINTE DO SER
Authors: Meireles Mauro
Published: February 2016

A eucaristia é um rito católico que visa reafirmar a fé cristã. O presente texto ocupa-se, portanto, da eucaristia enquanto ato instituinte do ser e busca pensar o referido rito a partir da perspectiva de Mikhail Bakhtin. Desta feita e a partir do enfoque da antropologia, se ancora em certas sínteses na medida em que, a validade daquilo que se pressupõe verdade, do ponto de vista da cognição, não depende do fato desta ser ou não ser conhecida por alguém. Pois, é o homem que une fé e rito, que une verdades da ciência e fenômenos físicos. Desta feita, tem-se então que, quando postulamos a existência de Deus a partir de certos escritos canônicos – e o reafirmamos no rito eucarístico – lhe conferimos existência e tangibilidade. Sobretudo, defende- se no decorrer do texto que a eucaristia, seja enquanto ato instituinte, seja enquanto rito, nada mais é do que uma enunciação de si sobre si que só tem significado, manifesto em seu conteúdo- sentido, se enunciado por aquele que experimenta e executa o ato.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Eucaristia. Rito Eucarístico. Mikhail Bakhtin. Rito e Fé. Antropologia da Religião.

ABSTRACT

Eucharist is a Catholic rite that aims to reaffirm the Christian faith. This paper analyzes the Eucharist rite as instituted act of being and aims think that rite in the Mikhail Bakhtin ́s perspective. So, from an anthropology's approach, it is based in some perspectives that recognize validity in of what is assumed true, in a cognition point of view, depends on whether this is or is not known to anyone. That is because the man is the one who unites faith and rite, truths of science and physical phenomena. Therefore, when we postulate the existence of God from certain canonical writings - and reaffirm the Eucharistic rite, we give him existence and tangibility. Most of all, this text argued that the Eucharist is as instituted act or a rite, is nothing more than a statement of itself that only has meaning, manifest in their content-sense, if enunciated by one who experience and performs the act.

KEYWORDS: Eucharist. Eucharistic rite. Mikhail Bakhtin. Ritual and faith. Anthropology of Religion 
EUCARISTIA E DIALOGISMO NA SACRAMENTUM CARITATIS
Authors: Branco Nanci Moreira , Martins Filho José Reinaldo F.
Published: February 2016

Ao longo de nossa pesquisa temos realçado as diferentes maneiras de nos aproximarmos do discurso religioso, sobretudo em vista do que entendemos por seu caráter ideológico e repleto de dialogismos. Neste trabalho, partiremos do que é desenvolvido por Bakhtin e seu círculo ao tratarem o discurso como uma construção dinâmica e responsiva. Em suma, trata-se de analisar a relação entre Eucaristia e dialogismo, tomando como objeto a exortação apostólica Sacramentum Caritatis, do atual papa emérito Bento XVI. Entre outros, serão demonstrados elementos tais como, o aspecto alegórico da Eucaristia como rito, cujo significado vai muito além do nível meramente conceitual. Além disso, também serão realçadas algumas questões polêmicas e sua relação com o dialogismo ao longo do documento, entre elas: a Eucaristia e a questão da verdade no cristianismo, a Eucaristia e a indissolubilidade do matrimônio, a Eucaristia e a defesa da vida humana e o sentido do repouso e do trabalho. Em suma, pretendemos contribuir no fortalecimento das discussões e da compreensão em torno do tema proposto, bem como dos demais interesses que lhe são correlatos, num entrelaçamento de vozes as quais esta pesquisa também deseja suscitar.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Dialogismo. Eucaristia. Bakhtin. Sacramentum Caritatis.

ABSTRACT

Over the course of our research we have highlighted the different ways to approach the religious discourse, especially in view of what we mean by ideological and full of character dialogismos. In this work we leave than is developed by Bakhtin and his circle to treat the speech as a dynamic and responsive construction. In short, it is to analyze the relationship between the Eucharist and dialogism taking as objectSacramentum Caritatis the Apostolic Exhortation, the current Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI. Among others, elements will be demonstrated such as the allegorical aspect of the Eucharist as a rite whose meaning goes beyond the merely conceptual level. Also, they will also be highlighted some controversial issues and their relationship to dialogism throughout the document, including: the Eucharist and the question of truth in Christianity, the Eucharist and the indissolubility of marriage, the Eucharist and the defense of human life and sense of home and work. In short, we aim to contribute to the strengthening of discussions and understanding around the proposed theme as well as other interests that are related in an interweaving of voices which this research would also like to raise. 

KEYWORDS: Dialogism. Eucharist. Bakhtin. Sacramentum Caritatis 
Diagnósticos de enfermagem no perioperatório de cirurgia cardíaca
Authors: Nakasato Gislaine Rodrigues , Lopes Camila Takao , Lopes Juliana de Lima , Barros Alba Lucia Bottura Leite de
Published: February 2016

The identification of nursing diagnoses most commonly reported in the literature in the perioperative period of cardiac surgery can assist nurses in this context of clinical practice to plan the nursing care towards the individual needs of each patient, contributing to the implementation of rapid and effective actions to solve identified problems. An integrative literature review aimed at identifying nursing diagnoses in the perioperative period of cardiac surgery was developed. The search was performed in the LILACS and SCIELO databases with the descriptors "nursing diagnosis", "nursing care", and "cardiac surgery" or "thoracic surgery". Thirteen studies were included, which identified 17 main pre-operative diagnoses, 10 main intraoperative diagnoses, and 28 main post-operative diagnoses. Different studies often found the same diagnosis in each period, which reinforces a profile with which nurses can expect to deal with, and on which they must intervene to obtain the best results. Additional studies on diagnostic accuracy and validity of such diagnoses are expected.
Estratégia do trabalho gerencial para alcance da acreditação hospitalar
Authors: Siman Andréia Guerra , Cunha Simone Graziele Silva , Martins Erick Siman , Brito Maria José Menezes
Published: February 2016

This study aims to analyze management strategies in order to be awarded a Certificate of Excellence. This is a qualitative case study carried out at a private hospital in Belo Horizonte accredited as Centre of Excellence by the National Accreditation Body. The study included 12 managers. Data was collected in 2011 through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using content analysis. The study results identified three thematic categories: a) people management as the main principle for Accreditation with Excellence certification; b) education and training; c) communication: promoting quality services. People management was the most important strategy identified since it promotes autonomy within the team; widespread commitment to proposed improvements; appreciation, recognition and reward; investment in the training of all professionals involved in the care process; clear communication in the workplace and feedback during the weekly meetings; and more staff participation in organizational decisions and results. For the institution to get the accreditation award the staff had to be aware of the principles and values of accreditation and of the importance of decentralization of information.
Crenças e práticas parentais no cuidado domiciliar da criança nascida prematura
Authors: Cossul Marisa Utzig , Silveira Aline Oliveira , Pontes Tatiana Barcelos , Martins Gisele , Wernet Monika , Cabral Caio Cesar de Oliveira
Published: February 2016

The aim of the study was to identify parenting practices and beliefs regarding in-home care of premature infants. It is an observational, cross-sectional research carried out with 31 parents of premature babies. Data collection tools were: family records; and the "parental beliefs and care practices scale (E-CPPC)". Data analysis was based on descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient). An autonomous-relational parenting style, characterized by a combination of distal and proximal care was identified. The main relational patterns found were overprotection, the difficulties of performing the care routine and child stimulation. Important parenting styles in that context were identified. The study highlights the need for systematic interventions that promote positive parenting abilities. New studies in different contexts are needed to generate knowledge that supports public policies focusing on domiciliary follow-up of premature infants and their parents.
Avaliação para riscos cardiovasculares em estudantes de enfermagem
Authors: Santos Jiovana De Souza , Patrício Anna Cláudia Freire de Araújo , Alves Karoline de Lima , Albuquerque Karla Fernandes de , Pereira Ivoneide Lucena , Félix Iana Virgínia Bezerra
Published: February 2016

The study objective was to identify cardiac risks amongst nursing undergraduate degree students. It is a cross-sectional exploratory quantitative survey carried out from March to November 2012. Research subjects were 84 first to third year students at a university in the city of João Pessoa. Data was collected through a questionnaire assessing demographic, personal, family history, clinical data and lifestyle habits. The researchers applied also the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The study results revealed a predominance of healthy habits and normal clinical conditions. Nevertheless, the researchers found that 38 (33.3%) students had dizziness, 34 (40.5%) headache, 13 (15.5%) alcoholism signs, and 28 (33.3%) were under continuous medication. A total of 61 (72.6%) students had a family history of hypertension and 48 (57.1%) of diabetes. The research subjects' data revealed that 12 (14.3%) had hypertension (HTN); 31 (36.9%) had an increased waist circumference, and 57 (67.9%) led an inactive lifestyle. There was a statistical significance (p
Interação medicamentosa em idosos internados no serviço de emergência de um hospital universitário
Authors: Antunes Juliane de Fátima Santos , Okuno Meiry Fernanda Pinto , Lopes Maria Carolina Barbosa Teixeira , Campanharo Cássia Regina Vancini , Batista Ruth Ester Assayag
Published: February 2016

OBJECTIVE: To identify the occurrence of potential drug interactions in prescriptions for elderly patients in the emergency department. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with sample of 101 medical prescriptions of the first 24 hours of admission of elderly in the Emergency Room. Analysis of drug interactions was performed by Drugs.com database, which were classified as the potential for interaction: severe, moderate and mild. RESULTS: The number of drug prescriptions ranged 2-14 with an average of 5.8 per prescription. 587 drugs were included. There were identified 7% of severe interactions, 26.8% moderate and 7% mild; 11.3% severe / moderate, 21.1% moderate / mild and 26.8% severe / moderate / mild. CONCLUSION: This study identified drug interactions in prescriptions for elderly patients in the Emergency Room. They were mainly classified as moderate interactions. It is emphasized the importance of health professionals to take heed to potential interactions, monitoring prescriptions, staff training and monitoring of cases in order to reduce its occurrence.
Avaliação do sistema de compressão de dois componentes no tratamento de úlcera varicosa
Authors: Borges Eline Lima , Ferraz Aidê Ferreira , Matos Selme Silqueira de , Pires Junior José Ferreira , Nascente Andréia Felipe de Oliveira
Published: February 2016

The professionals responsible for treating patients with varicose ulcer should be competent in the selection and application of compression therapy along with the patient's individual needs. For that, it is necessary to know the performance of the products. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of two compression systems bandages in the treatment of varicose ulcer. METHODS: descriptive case study of product evaluation with follow-up by 12 weeks of patients older than 20 years, medical diagnosis of varicose ulcers, ankle-brachial index (ABI) > 0.8 and measures of ankle circumference between 18 and 25 cm or 25 and 32 cm. The performance variables were the percentage of change in the area; leg edema; bandage slip; adverse events. RESULTS: The participants were obese, older than 36 years, ABI = 1, leg edema, calf/ankle circumference ratio of 1.5, reduced range of ankle motion, ulcers with an area from 1.0 to 5.4 cm². CONCLUSION: the variables used are suitable for performance assessment of compression systems with regard to the percentage of change in the area; leg edema; bandage slip; adverse event (necrosis of the skin) and the analyzed two-component system may be an appropriate therapy for the treatment of varicose ulcer in clinical practice in Brazil.
Avaliação da formação do técnico de enfermagem por enfermeiros da prática hospitalar
Authors: Camargo Rosangela Andrade Aukar de , Gonçalves Ariadne Emanuele , Góes Fernanda dos Santos Nogueira de , Nakata Cristina Yuri , Pereira Marta Cristiane Alves
Published: February 2016

AIM: To analyze how hospital nurses assess the training of nursing technicians by curricular references. METHOD: This was an exploratory, cross-sectional survey with a quantitative approach, conducted in two hospitals in a town in the countryside of the state of São Paulo, with 42 nurses, 17 in a private hospital and 25 in a public hospital. Participants answered a structured questionnaire using the Likert Scale from December 2013 and March 2014. RESULTS: For 73%, the profile of trained nursing technicians did not meet the expectations of nurses and 90% understand that the process of teaching theoretical and practical learning and internships should be modified; for 68%, the professionals ethical commitment is precarious; 86% understand that the drafting of a political pedagogical project should involve hospitals; learning content, for 75%, should be revised to meet the current reality of the hospitals; in the category of evaluation, 75% understand that they should be stricter; 62% believe that we need to better qualify teachers and internship supervisors; and 68% claim that the workload of internships should be expanded. The average of 34.5% understand that the skills described in the references are satisfactory, while 45.9% believe that they are poor and 12.1% claim that they are inadequate. It can therefore be concluded that, in the evaluation of the participants, the design of the course, the articulation of theory with practice, and teacher and internship supervisor education need to move more towards qualifying the skills of nursing technicians as regards nursing care in hospitals.
Cursos de enfermagem do estado de São Paulo frente às diretrizes curriculares
Authors: Soriano Elaine Cristina lacida , Peres Cássia Regina Fernandes Biffe , Marin Maria Jose Sanches , Tonhom Silvia Franco da Rocha
Published: February 2016

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to analyze the advances and challenges of five undergraduate nursing courses in the state of São Paulo, as they try to meet the National Curriculum Guidelines. We considered their model of institutional management, professional profile, curriculum, pedagogical design and the relationship between teaching and service. METHOD: Qualitative study, from documental analysis and interviews with directors of two public institutions and three private ones. RESULTS: The profile is close to what is proposed by the guidelines, and the use of a questioning pedagogical model are attempts to promote innovations. In contradiction we observed rigid curricula, obstacles in insertion in practical scenarios, and a model of faculty hiring that is incompatible with innovations. CONCLUSION: We understand that the institutions are between the what is proposed and what is possible, within a context that is itself contradictory.
Fatores de risco para mediastinite após revascularização do miocárdio
Authors: Silva Quenia Cristina Gonçalves da , Canini Silvia Rita Marin da Silva , Silveira Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira , Dessotte Carina Aparecida Marosti , Campos Fabrício Ribeiro de
Published: February 2016

This integrative literature review aimed to identify risk factors related to the development of mediastinitis in adult patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. The following databases were searched for primary studies: Medline, CINAHL, LILACS and EMBASE. The final sample comprised 18 studies. The most frequently identified risk factors were diabetes mellitus (DM) and obesity, followed by surgical reintervention, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and old age. We found that the risk factors mostfrequently associated with mediastinitis were DM, obesity, surgical reintervention, COPD and age over 65 years. These data also suggest the need for further research on preventable and controllable risk factors, i.e., those related to the surgical procedure itself.
Mandibular Reconstruction Using the Free Vascularized Fibula Graft: An Overview of Different Modifications
Authors: Kokosis George , Schmitz Robin , Powers David B. , Erdmann Detlev
Published: February 2016

The reconstruction of the mandible is a complex procedure because various cosmetic as well as functional challenges must be addressed, including mastication and oral competence. Many surgical techniques have been described to address these challenges, including non-vascularized bone grafts, vascularized bone grafts, and approaches related to tissue engineering. This review summarizes different modifications of the free vascularized fibula graft, which, since its introduction by Hidalgo in 1989, has become the first option for mandibular reconstruction. The fibula free flap can undergo various modifications according to the individual requirements of a particular reconstruction. Osteocutaneous flaps can be harvested for reconstruction of composite defects. 'Double-barreling' of the fibula can, for instance, enable enhanced aesthetic and functional results, as well as immediate one-stage osseointegrated dental implantation. Recently described preoperative virtual surgery planning to facilitate neomandible remodeling could guarantee good results. To conclude, the free fibula bone graft can currently be regarded as the "gold standard" for mandibular reconstruction in case of composite (inside and outside) oral cavity defects as well as a way of enabling the performance of one-stage dental implantation.
Perceptions of Prophylactic Mastectomy in Korea
Authors: Yoon Han Young , Shim Jeong Su , Lee Jong Won
Published: February 2016

Background Increasingly, prophylactic mastectomy has been evaluated as a treatment of breast cancer. Hereditary breast cancer now accounts for approximately 5%–10% of all cases of breast cancer, meaning that the widespread implementation of prophylactic mastectomy may significantly reduce the occurrence of breast cancer. However, prophylactic mastectomy is rarely performed in Korea. Therefore, in this study, we assessed Koreans' attitudes toward and awareness of preventive mastectomy.

Methods This was a prospective study of a cohort of patients attending outpatient clinics and their relatives. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires assessing sex, age, educational level, knowledge of breast cancer, understanding of prophylactic mastectomy, attitudes toward prophylactic mastectomy, and reasons for choosing prophylactic mastectomy.

Results Sixty-five patients were included. Most patients (36.9%) were between 40 and 49 years of age and 58.4% were college graduates. Only six respondents (9%) understood prophylactic mastectomy, and 17 respondents (27%) stated that they would agree to undergo prophylactic mastectomy if necessary. Reasons given for refusing prophylactic mastectomy included aesthetic concerns (38%), the perception that it would not cure the disease (26%), possible surgical complications (24%), and financial cost (6%).

Conclusions In this study, most of the respondents showed a poor knowledge of prophylactic mastectomy. Ultimately, it will be necessary to establish medical guidelines for patients with a high risk of breast cancer, with the objective of providing accurate information and proper treatment at hospitals.
Characteristics and Treatment of Cutaneous Melanoma of the Foot
Authors: Nam Kyung Wook , Bae Yong Chan , Nam Soo Bong , Kim Joo Hyung , Kim Hoon Soo , Choi Young Jin
Published: February 2016

Background In East Asia, the foot is the most common site of cutaneous melanoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between cutaneous melanoma of the foot and melanomas of other sites.

Methods We studied 52 patients who underwent surgical treatment for cutaneous melanoma of the foot from September 2000 to January 2015. Through a retrospective review of their medical records, we collected data relating to their sex, age, histopathological subtype, Clark level, tumor thickness, lymph node involvement, stage, and survival rate, and we compared these parameters to those of 61 patients treated for melanoma of other sites. Moreover, we analyzed the surgical procedures, complications, and mortality rates associated with cutaneous melanoma on various parts of the foot.

Results Melanoma of the foot differed from other melanomas only in the histopathological subtype. Other clinical features, including survival rate, did not differ significantly between the two groups heel was the most common site of melanoma of the foot (22 cases, 42.3%). The method of reconstruction varied depending on the region involved.

Conclusions A comparison of melanoma of the foot to other melanomas showed that melanoma of the foot was associated with a significantly different distribution of histological subtypes. Consistent with previous findings, we found that the acral lentiginous subtype was the most common among melanomas of the foot. Furthermore, in contrast with previous studies, we did not find a worse prognosis or lower survival rate for melanoma of the foot in comparison with other melanomas.
Donor-Site Morbidity after Partial Second Toe Pulp Free Flap for Fingertip Reconstruction
Authors: Kim Hyung Su , Lee Dong Chul , Kim Jin Soo , Roh Si Young , Lee Kyung Jin , Yang Jae Won , Ki Sae Hwi , Harijan Aram
Published: February 2016

Background In this study, we characterize the morbidity at the donor-site of partial second toe pulp free flaps in terms of wound management as well as long-term outcomes.

Methods A single-institutional retrospective review was performed for patients who had undergone partial second toe pulp free flap transfer to the fingertip. Patient charts were reviewed for infection, skin necrosis, wound dehiscence, and hematoma for the donor site. Additionally, a questionnaire survey was given to patients who had a follow-up of longer than 1 year to characterize long-term postoperative pain and appearance.

Results The review identified a total of 246 cases. Early wound complications were significant for wound dehiscence (n=8) and hematoma (n=5) for a wound complication rate of 5.3%. The questionnaire was distributed to 109 patients, and 54 patients completed the survey. Out of these 54 patients, 15 patients continued to have donor-site pain (28%) at a mean follow-up period of 32.4 months. However, the pain intensity was relatively low in the range between 2 to 5, on a 0–10 scale. None of these patients felt this donor-site pain interfered significantly with daily activity, nor did any patient require pain medications of any type. Donor-site appearance was satisfactory to most patients.

Conclusions The partial second toe pulp flap was associated with low rates of wound complications and favorable long-term outcomes. Given the functional and aesthetic gain in the recipient finger, donor-site morbidities appear acceptable in this patient population. This study can be helpful in counseling patients regarding donor-site morbidity during the informed consent process.
Easing of America’s Healthcare Burden: The Case for Aggressive Prevention of the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Lane Gerry
Published: February 2016

The term “metabolic syndrome” was used in 1977 by Herman Haller who was studying the risk factors associated with atherosclerosis. In the same year, Dr. Singer used the term to describe the associations between hyperlipoprotenemia and obesity, gout, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. In1988, Gerald Reaven hypothesized that insulin resistance could be the underlying factor linking this constellation of abnormalities, which he went on to name “syndrome X or Reaven’s syndrome”.
Regardless of the clinical term that is utilized, the global impact on health care resources and humanity is massive.

47 million adult patients meeting the criteria for metabolic syndrome which represent over 24% of the adults in the United
National inpatient hospital costs for metabolic syndrome with complications were nearly $400 billion in
With appropriate primary care for the complications of metabolic syndrome, nearly $17 billion in hospital costs might have been averted, with significant potential savings obtained in US government health care programs.
Non-pharmacological approaches to fight the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome have been known for
The scientific evidence supports the efficacy of nutritional

Metabolic syndrome is a preventable life threatening disease process. With its roots in childhood, this vicious cycle slowly destroys lives while we spend billions in the process. Delegating responsibility of financing our health and wellness to the insurance industry, Americans are ill prepared to deal with the reality that health is neither a luxury nor an entitlement. The impact of accepting the responsibility of prevention through nutritional counseling and education combined with regular exercise could save billions of dollars annually. More importantly aggressively preventing metabolic syndrome would save millions of lives.
A Review of the Relationship between Wine Consumption and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Stockley Creina S.
Published: February 2016

The potential health benefits of moderate alcohol consumption are not limited to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease but are also observed for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The relationship appears to be J-shaped where moderate alcohol consumption reduces the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus in both men and women, irrespective of age, and in those with a low and a high body mass index. The optimal amount of wine appears to be approximately two drinks per day, where a standard drink in Australia is considered to be 10 g alcohol. Given that the incidence of diabetes is projected to approximately double in the next 15 years, simple dietary supplementation to a healthy diet and lifestyle to reduce the risk will become increasingly important. This paper reviews the association between wine specifically and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and discusses biological mechanisms related to the association
Short Communication: Metabolic Syndrome and Adaptogenic Nutritional Supplement “AdMax”
Authors: Antoshechkin A.G.
Published: February 2016

Metabolic syndrome manifestations include chronic fatigue, insulin resistance, elevated levels of glucose, lipids and cholesterol in the blood, and overweight. The main targets of nutritional supplement “AdMax” are the activation of energy metabolism and stress counteraction. In addition, the “AdMax” constituents decrease the concentration of blood glucose, enhance glucose utilization by cells, decrease the activity of triglyceride lipase and lower blood cholesterol levels. Comparison of metabolic syndrome manifestations to the activities of “AdMax” constituents argues that “AdMax” can be used as a preventive and treatment remedy for metabolic syndrome.
Inhibitory Effects of Ginseng (Panax ginseng) Berry on Tumour Promotion and Inflammatory Ear Oedema Induced by TPA
Authors: Yasukawa Ken , Whang Wan-Kyunn , Ko Sung-Kwon
Published: February 2016

Cancer prevention is a major issue in the field of public health. Ethanol extracts of the ginseng berry were found to inhibit the inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a tumour promoter. The extracts also inhibited tumour promotion by TPA in the mouse skin two-stage carcinogenesis model. The major components, ginsenosides Rd (3) and Re (4), inhibited inflammation induced by TPA in mice, while protopanaxadiol (1) and protopanaxatriol (2), the aglycones of these ginsenosides, markedly inhibited TPA-induced inflammatory ear oedema in mice. The inhibitory effects of these compounds were more potent than those of indomethacin.
A comparison of contrast sensitivity in early mild and early intermediate age-related macular degeneration after adjusting for age and visual acuity
Authors: Liutkevičienė Rasa , Čiumbaraitė Rasa , Banevičius Mantas
Published: January 2016

Background. It has been suggested that contrast sensitivity can provide valuable information about visual function in addition to visual acuity assessment. Some patients retain relatively good visual acuity, yet complain of poor vision. In these patients, other tests of visual function such as contrast sensitivity should be evaluated.
Methods. We examined patients with early mild stage age-related macular degeneration (group 1), and early intermediate stage age-related macular degeneration (group 2). Digital analysis methodology was used for retina drusen localisation and its diameter measurement. Functional acuity contrast sensitivity tests (FACT) were performed using a Ginsburg Box, VSCR-CST-6500.
Results. The  nighttime results without glare in group  2 were worse at 1.5, 3, 6 and 18 cycles per degree of the visual angle, the daytime results without glare were worse at 3 and 6 cycles per degree. The nighttime results with glare were worse at 1.5, 3, 6 and 18 cycles per degree, and the daytime results with glare were worse at 1.5 and 3 cycles per degree. Results after adjusting for age and visual acuity to 1.0 in the  group 1  patients were better compared to the  group 2 patients and the p value was 0.0005.
Conclusions. The  test results in patients with early intermediate age-related macular degeneration, in comparison to early mild age-related macular degeneration, showed a  significant decrease mostly in the nighttime either with or without glare in high and medium spatial frequencies (cycles/degree). After adjusting for age and visual acuity the FACT results were even worse in early intermediate AMD patients.
SIC-systemet - løsning på den globale vandstandsstigning
Authors: Jakobsen Poul , Brøgger Claus
Published: February 2016

Resultatet af SIC-projektet med miljøvenlig kystbeskyttelse udført over 11 km på Vestkysten mellem Hvide Sande og Nymindegab viser, at dengennemsnitlige strandhøjde fra klitfoden i kote 4 og 100 meter ud modhavet er hævet op til 1,47 meter i forhold til referenceområde 2 udentrykudligningsmoduler.
Lidt om vulkaners klimaeffekter - og global opvarmning
Authors: Kaas Eigil
Published: February 2016

Vulkaner har til alle tider haft stor betydning for Jordens klima. Afhængigt af hvilken tidshorisont man taler om, er effekten dog meget forskellig. På korte tidsskalaer, som vi primært skal se på i denne artikel, ses en global afkøling i op til flere år efter visse store vulkanudbrud. På længere geologiske tidsskalaer kan man tværtimod sige, at vulkaner virker modsat, fordi de i det lange løb er med til at frigive drivhusgassen CO2 til atmosfæren.
Danmarks Geologipris 2006 - "skorpe er andet end tørt franskbrød"
Authors: Hjuler Ulla V.
Published: February 2016

Danmarks Geologipris 2006 giklørdag d. 24. februar til lektor Søren Bom Nielsen fra Geologisk Institut, Aarhus Universitet, for hans arbejde, der bl.a. præsenterer en ny teori for palæocæn hævning af visse indre dele af det europæiske kontinent.
Klima og Kosmos - en ny teori om global opvarmning
Authors: Thøgersen Jan
Published: February 2016

Svensmark og Calder har skrevet denne lærerige og vellykkede bog om en meget kontroversiel klimateori – kosmisk stråling.
Månedens mineral - beryl
Authors: Hjuler Ulla V.
Published: February 2016

I februar kunne besøgende på Geologisk Museum i København glæde sig over synet af de mange fine fluoritter, der var udstillet. I marts er månedens mineral beryl, og de udstillede stykker er bestemt også værd at kigge nærmere på.
Runesten - verdens ældste inskription, eller...?
Authors: Meyer Hans-Henrik
Published: February 2016

Det er altid spændende at kigge efter sten, når man er på stranden – og nogle gange finder man jo noget virkeligt interessant – fx en “runesten”.
Grundvandsovervågning 1998-2003 - Rapport fra GEUS 2004
Authors: Sundberg Per S.
Published: February 2016

Rapporten bygger på resultater og konklusioner om grundvandets tilstand og udvikling baseret på data indsamlet af amterne og amternes årlige rapporter, der udføres som en del af den nationale grundvandsovervågning, GRUMO, samt resultaterne af vandværkernes boringskontrol.
Hvordan opstår en tsunami? - 4 hovedårsager til katastrofale bølger
Authors: Hjuler Ulla V.
Published: February 2016

Temaet i dette nummer er tsunamien i Det Indiske Ocean 2. juledag 2004. I de følgende artikler beskrives årsager til og følgevirkninger af katastrofen. Først skal vi dog lige kigge kort på de fire hovedårsager til tsunamiers opståen.
Sumatra-jordskælvet - de geofysiske konsekvenser
Authors: Larsen Tine B. , Gregersen Søren
Published: February 2016

Sumatra-jordskælvet udløste en næsten ubegribelig menneskelig katastrofe i landene omkring Det Indiske Ocean med tæt på 300.000 omkomne. Langt de fleste blev ofre for den tsunami, som jordskælvet satte i gang. Jordskælvet er også opsigtsvækkende rent videnskabeligt på grund af sin voldsomhed og de naturvidenskabelige fænomener der fulgte med; den enorme brudzone, de store forskydninger, tsunamien og de kraftige rystelser, som satte hele jordkloden i svingninger.
Jorden under forandring - kontinenter på vandring
Authors: Hjuler Ulla V.
Published: February 2016

Jordens yderste 100 km er dækket af kontinental- og oceanbundsplader, der bevæger sig i forhold til hinanden. Pladerne kan bevæge sig væk fra hinanden, passere forbi hinanden eller støde sammen. Ved Sumatra var konsekvensen af to pladers langvarige “sammenstød” og stress- opbygning et meget voldsomt jordskælv efterfulgt af flere store efterskælv, der opstod i subduktionszonen ved Sunda-graven i Det Indiske Ocean.
Geologi-geoscience i København - en verden af muligheder
Authors: Herrmann Nina
Published: February 2016

Geologi-geoscience-studiet på Københavns Universitet er for dig, der gerne vil beskæftige dig tværfagligt med naturvidenskab i et bredt perspektiv og samtidig få en samfundsanvendelig viden inden for eksempelvis olie, råstoffer, grundvand, klima og miljø - en viden, der lige nu efterspørges af arbejdsmarkedet i Danmark og i udlandet.
Miljøgeologen
Authors: Karlby Lone
Published: February 2016

Miljøgeologen arbejder bl.a. med forureningsundersøgelser, afværgeprojekter og oprensninger. Det er et ønske om at bevare grundvandsressourcerne, der har fået hende til at læse geologi.
Servicegeologen
Authors: Momme Peter
Published: February 2016

Servicegeologen, der har en del rejseaktivitet, arbejder på en boreplatform, hvor han bl.a. undersøger oliebrøndens 3D-forløb og de bjergarter, der bores igennem.
TV-værten
Authors: Marker Ann Frisenborg
Published: February 2016

Uddannelsen som geolog kan føre én viden om. Denne geolog har evnen til at formidle - fra at være meteorolog på TV-Avisen blev hun studievært på DR2.
Formidlingsgeologen
Authors: Hansen Niels
Published: February 2016

Kommunikation og formidling er nøgleordene for pressechefen. Han skal både kunne formidle den faglige side af vejret i Danmark og fortælle den gode historie om blandt andet snurrebasser og cykloner, som skal kunne forstås af alle.
Glaciologen
Authors: Bælum Karoline
Published: February 2016

Vil man holde hovedet koldt under læsningen, ligger det perfekte universitet i Svalbard. I fritiden kan man for eksempel køre ræs på en snescooter - eller være hundeslædeguide!
Rådgivningsgeologen
Authors: Wernberg Thomas
Published: February 2016

Som rådgivningsgeolog kan man bl.a. arbejde med grundvandsmodeller og foretage beregninger. Det kan være for vandværker og miljøcentre.
Mindre gletschere og klimaet - metoder, komplikationer og resultater
Authors: Yde Jacob Clement , Knudsen Niels Tvis
Published: February 2016

Til trods for at de mindre gletschere og iskapper kun udgør ca. 3% af det samlede gletscherdækkede areal, så har de bidraget med 25 - 50% af de seneste årtiers havniveaustigning. Det er således vigtigt ikke kun at fokusere på de store isskjolde på Antarktis og i Grønland som glaciale bidragydere, men også at intensivere den systematiske overvågning af de mindre gletschere og iskapper.
Den lurende fare på Nørrebro - flyvende geologi
Authors: Laursen Steen
Published: February 2016

Efter en klækkelig forhøjelse af vores reporters faretillæg sender Geologisk Nyt endnu engang sin mand til Nørrebro. For vedholdende rygter vil vide, at geologiske emner kom til at spille en afgørende rolle for ungdomshusets virke og fald.
En verden af mineraler - i Grønland
Authors: Hjuler Ulla V.
Published: February 2016

I slutningen af 2006 udkom denne flotte bog om mineraler i Grønland. De mange smukke billeder suppleres af nyttige oplysninger om mineralerne og med interessante informationer om for eksempel mineralnavnenes oprindelse, råstoffer og forekomster.
Klima og CO2: en rigtig god hypotese?
Authors: Humlum Ole
Published: February 2016

Nutidige klimaændringer forklares typisk som resultatet af stigende koncentration af atmosfærisk CO2, som følge af menneskets forbrug af kul, olje og naturgas. Ikke mindst IPCC (International Panel on Climate Change) har effektivt bidraget til denne opfattelse, der i dag har bred politisk støtte og dagligt meddeles af de fleste nyhedsmedier.
Findes der en global temperatur? - fundamentet for hele klimadebatten
Authors: Andresen Bjarne
Published: February 2016

Nej, det er fundamentalt termodynamisk umuligt at definere en gennemsnitstemperatur af noget som helst. Denne kategoriske, og termodynamisk set ganske elementære, udtalelse har vakt en hel del furore, siden vi publicerede den for godt et år siden, for når der ikke findes en global gennemsnitstemperatur, hvordan kan den så være steget i nyere tid, og hvad med det videnskabelige grundlag for Kyotoprotokollen og andre store politiske tiltag, der som begrundelse henviser til en voksende global temperatur? Tjah, det vil jeg overlade til læserne selv at konkludere.
Observationer - og deres videnskabelige værdi
Authors: Lidmar-Bergström Karna
Published: February 2016

Søren Bom Nielsen (SBN) ironiserer i et indlæg om “Norges fjelde” over den denudationskronologiske metode. Da jeg har arbejdet med denudationskronologi i en form, som dog ikke er identisk med den, som Chorley (1965) i sin tid kritiserede, finder jeg det vigtigt at tage spørgsmålet om observationer som videnskabelig metode op. SBN ser ud til at mene, at det er vigtigere at spekulere end at observere. Han beskriver én naturvidenskabelig metode nemlig den, hvor man formulerer en hypotese, som man derefter tester. I den denudationskronologi, som jeg og mine medarbejdere anvender, går man i stedet ud fra iagttagelser. SBN sætter spørgsmålstegn både ved muligheden for at give et landskab en alder, og ved at flader udvikles til et vist basisniveau, samt dermed ved deres anvendelighed for studier af vertikale bevægelser.
Livsstil på flaske - om vand fra hanen og på flasker
Authors: Larsen Gunnar
Published: February 2016

Fra årtusindskiftet og frem er der i den vestlige verden blevet drukket stadig mere flaskevand. I Danmark lå forbruget i perioden 1995-2001 på 8.000-20.000 m3 årligt, men er siden steget til ca. 60.000 m3 om året. Der er også kommet eksklusive danske og udenlandske produkter på markedet i designede flasker, der fås på caféer og restauranter. I danske storbyer er der kommet vandbarer, og restauranter har egentlige vandkort med et bredt udvalg.
Det ærlige jordartskort - frister ikke til cirkelslutninger!
Authors: Østergaard Troels V.
Published: February 2016

Jordartskortet – som viser, hvilke jordarter der ligger under muldlaget – er meget brugt og findes i mange geografibøger. En af de ting, som fremgår meget tydeligt af kortet, er den såkaldte “Hovedopholdslinie”, der skulle være grænsen for isens udbredelse i sidste istid.
Sporfossiler
Authors: Andersen Søren Bo
Published: February 2016

Naturhistorisk Museum i Århus har netop afsluttet vinterens særudstilling “Spor i Tiden”, hvor man har fremvist en storslået samling spektakulære sporfossiler fra hele verden og fra meget store dele af Jordens geologiske historie.
Steno - i samlingernes og museers verden
Authors: Thomsen Elsebeth
Published: February 2016

I år er det 350 år siden, at Niels Stensen blev immatrikuleret ved Københavns Universitet. Gennem hele sin videnskabelige karriere havde Niels Stensen den lykke, at han kunne regne mange af datidens kendte videnskabsmænd til sin bekendtskabskreds. Mange at disse personer var også museumsmennesker. Niels Stensen skulle selv beskæftige sig med musealt arbejde. Dette arbejde er delvist dokumenteret i et katalog. Ellers findes der kun spredte og få informationer om hans museumsinteresse og erfaringer. Denne artikel vil forsøge at belyse denne relativt ukendte side af Niels Stensens liv.
Jordens tid i spiral? - forslag til ny tidsinddeling
Authors: Wium Niels
Published: February 2016

En læser har dette lidt kontroversielle forslag til en ny geologisk tidsinddeling, der efter hans mening er mere praktisk.
Geologi er gud
Authors: Laursen Steen
Published: February 2016

“Som man råber i skoven, så får man svar”, siger et gammelt ordsprog. Men hvis man nu råber til en, der er virkeligt intelligent og original, så kan man måske få et godt svar på et middelmådigt spørgsmål.
Nyt museum i Gram - med geologiske og palæontologiske udstillinger
Authors: Roth Flemming
Published: February 2016

Nyt er måske så meget sagt, for museet i Gram – Midtsønderjyllands Museum – har eksisteret i 28 år i vestfløjen af Gram Slot. Det, der er nyt, er, at vi nu er flyttet ud af slottet til nye bygninger, der ligger lige ved siden af Gram Lergrav, hvor størstedelen af museets formidling og forskning er foregået gennem årene.
Nåleskovens velsignelser og forbandelser - Flora og Fauna 110 (3) 2004, 58-137
Authors: Dalsgaard Kristian
Published: February 2016

Naturhistorisk Forening For Jylland afholdt sidste forår en konference med overstående titel, og de 14 indlæg er prisværdigt udgivet i ovenstående hæfte. Baggrunden for konferencen er den dominerende rolle, som nåleskoven, specielt rødgranen, har fået i skovbilledet.
Store sten på Friluftskortet - og sagn fra en svunden tid
Authors: Holm Lise , Granat Henrik J.
Published: February 2016

Nu er det muligt at finde frem til nogle af Danmarks største sten via internettet på Skov- og Naturstyrelsens Friluftskort. Her kan du foreløbig finde de store sten, der ligger på offentlige arealer, men det er meningen, at store sten på private områder med offentlig adgang med tiden skal medtages.
To istidsmodeller - kombination fremfor afvisning
Authors: Blichfeldt Emil
Published: February 2016

Der har igennem længere tid været debatteret to istidsmodeller, den traditionelle repræsenteret ved blandt andet Michael Houmark-Nielsen og Johannes Krüger, mens den utraditionelle er repræsenteret ved Ib Marcussen og Troels V. Østergaard. Men i stedet for at forkaste den ene model er der så ikke mulighed for at kombinere nogle af teorierne fra begge modeller?
MRS - oplagt kortlægningsmulighed i Danmark
Authors: Nielsen Mette Ryom , Chalikakis Konstantinos , Petersen Klaus , Vindum Jette
Published: February 2016

MRS-metoden er oplagt at implementere i grundvandsressourcekortlægningen af den simple grund, at den kan bruges til at kortlægge vigtige parametre som vandindhold og permeabilitet, hvilket ingen andre overflademetoder kan. Rambøll har længe arbejdet på at muliggøre en optimering og tilpasning af MRS metoden til de danske forhold, og i foråret 2006 lykkedes det at indsamle MRS-data af meget høj kvalitet.
Norges fjelde - og den naturvidenskabelige proces
Authors: Nielsen Søren Bom
Published: February 2016

Geologi er en krævende naturvidenskabelig disciplin, bl.a. fordi det er en udfordring med den menneskelige erfarings korte tidshorisont at forholde sig til de millioner af år geologiske processer har til deres rådighed. En million år er så lang tid at meget kan nå at ske, men modsat kan der også ske ingenting, og stort set ingenting, bortset fra lidt erosion og flytten rundt på produkterne, kan fortsætte med at ske gennem yderligere mange millioner år. Under så vanskelige erkendelsesmæssige forhold er det godt at have den naturvidenskabelige metode til sin rådighed.
Island - et land i rystende vækst
Authors: Larsen Tine B.
Published: February 2016

Island vokser støt og roligt med knap 2 cm om året. Det sker i takt med, at den Nordamerikanske plade og den Eurasiske plade driver i hver sin retning og dermed giver plads til ny skorpe i Islands vulkanske riftzoner. Islands vokseværk kan mærkes som små jordskælv, der dagligt ryster øen.
Luffe - En helt fantastisk skildpadde
Authors: Madsen Henrik
Published: February 2016

Skildpadder er sjældne at finde i de danske geologiske aflejringer. Denne artikel fortæller blandt andet om et meget velbevaret eksemplar fra Mors.
Farlige forsimplinger
Authors: Henriksen Hans Jørgen , Hinsby Klaus
Published: February 2016

I temanummeret om klima i GeologiskNyt nr. 2 bragte vi bl.a. en artikel af Ole Humlum fra Institutt for geofag, Oslo Universitet: Klima og CO2. Det følgende indlæg kommenterer denne artikel.
Vulkansk aktivitet - første halvdel af 2008
Authors: Plesner Susanne
Published: February 2016

Denne sommers vulkanopdatering byder igen på en liste over aktive vulkaner. Der er ikke så store forandringer i forhold til sidste halvår af 2007 bortset fra, at aktiviteten fra den Afrikanske Riftzone synes at være gået i sig selv igen.
Ny geologi på Bornholm
Authors: Laursen Steen
Published: February 2016

Bornholm har fået nye attraktioner for geologer, og de egner sig for hele familien.
Reduktion af oliebaseret energi - og fokus på vedvarende energi
Authors: Svendsen Nick
Published: February 2016

Danmark bruger for mange penge på at reducere CO2-udslip og forsøger at dreje debatten væk fra problemet om manglen på olie. Der bør fokuseres mere på energisparende projekter og alternativ energi og gøres en større indsats inden for området, mener debattøren.
Lateral sammenbunden tolkning - LCI-tolkning af geofysiske data
Authors: Jacobsen Lars Hjortshøj , Edsen Anders , Auken Esben
Published: February 2016

I denne artikel ønsker vi at diskutere brugen af laterale bånd i forbindelse med tolkningen af geoelektriske og elektromagnetiske data. Vi vil indføre læseren i princippet bag LCI-tolkning og redegøre for de bagvedliggende begreber. Vi vil også beskrive de fordele, der kan opnås ved brugen af laterale bånd i datatolkningen, men vil også understrege, hvilke fejl båndene kan introducere, hvis ikke de anvendes rigtigt.
Vulkansk aktivitet - nyt fra de sidste seks måneder
Authors: Plesner Susanne
Published: February 2016

Der har været en del aktivitet rundt omkring på Jorden bortset fra i Afrika, hvor der i øjeblikket er lav aktivitet. Det er gået voldsomt for sig i Syd- og Mellemamerika.
Nørrebros geologi - den positive historie om bydelen
Authors: Laursen Steen
Published: February 2016

Forleden så jeg en betjent blive interviewet i TV. Historien handlede om vold på Nørrebro i København, og betjentens svar på mediernes mange historier om kriminalitet i området var, at de var meget velkomne til at skrive noget positivt. Og heldigvis er der da en masse interessant geologi der, så vi tager handsken op.
Nyt websted om olie og gas - klik ind på www.geologi.dk/oliegas
Authors: Hjuler Ulla Vibeke
Published: February 2016

En ny spændende webside om olie og gas er nu tilgængelig på nettet. Det er Nationalkomiteen for Geologi, der står bag initiativet med hjælp fra forskellige sponsorer.
Overrækkelse af DONGs hæderslegat
Authors: Hjuler Ulla Vibeke
Published: February 2016

Torsdag d. 22. april modtog professor John A. Korstgård DONGs hæderslegat på 100.000 kr. for sin forskning i geologien i den danske del af Nordsøen.