bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Retomando a medição no ensino médio: uma experiência didática.
Authors: Steffens Cesar Augusto , Veit Eliane Angela , Silveira Fernando Lang da
Published: September 2019

Apresentamos neste trabalho uma experiência em sala de aula realizada na escola Colégio de Aplicação da UFRGS, na disciplina de Enriquecimento Curricular intitulada “Que medida é esta?”, na qual os alunos desenvolveram atividades, experimentais e de outros tipos, envolvendo a medição como um processo de aquisição de dados. Foram elaborados guias de atividades, com tarefas e desafios, que orientarem o trabalho dos alunos, primeiro em pequenos grupos (dois ou três alunos por grupo), onde eles realizaram medições, análise de dados qualitativos e quantitativos, responderam a questões específicas e a questionamentos sobre os dados e resultados por eles obtidos. As descobertas, os conceitos trabalhados e os resultados obtidos eram sempre confrontados e socializados ao final do encontro, envolvendo os alunos em discussões, complementadas ou não pelo professor. O aumento do interesse e participação dos alunos na execução das tarefas e questionamentos propostos, na prontidão e pré-disposição positiva para iniciar novas atividades, sem contar a qualidade dos registros, a satisfação na realização das atividades e na socialização dos resultados validaram o trabalho desenvolvido e os objetivos gerais e aspirações por nós vislumbrados no planejamento inicial destas.
Tuberculosis in Jayapura: Human Security Threat in International Relations Perspective
Authors: Pugu Melyana R , Buiney Mariana E
Published: September 2019

The concept of human security defines the purpose of human to be free from poverty, free from terror and free from disease. This paper aims to provide an overview of the infectious disease, tuberculosis (TB), as one of the threats to human security in the city of Jayapura. The method used to assess this study is qualitative research method that describes and illustrates findings in the form of data and figures about the disease both by elaborating primary data collection through interviews with staffs and patients in government-funded health care as well as through secondary data libraries, books, journals and the Internet. The results from this study depict that from 2013 to 2015 the number of tuberculosis patients who reported themselves and get treatment and medication in Jayapura city through public health centres had both increased and decreased significantly. This is due to several reasons i.e. the presence of doctors in the health centres that handled the cases, the rise of patientsâ€™ awareness on the treatments, the availability of drugs for TB patients in clinics and assistance facilitating by USAID in Papua under the auspice of WHO. In the perspective of international relations, the increasing spread of tuberculosis in Jayapura has become the serious threat to human security and this requires crucial intervention of multi-stakeholders including local government through its health department covering the issue of the availability of accessible health centres, doctors and drugs for tuberculosis treatment. This also includes the promotion and raising awareness for local community relating to TB testing and maintaining oneâ€™s healthy environment.
Analysis of Public Satisfaction Index on the Regional Library Service at the Autonomous Regency
Authors: - Hardiyansyah , Junita R. , Triana D. , - Koesharijadi , Mellita D. , Akbar M.
Published: September 2019

This study aims at finding out the community satisfaction index on the service of the Regional Library of Ogan KomeringIlir (OKI) regency. Through a quantitative descriptive method with questionnaire distribution to 150 respondents, the result showed that the public service has run well. As all components of the community satisfaction index were in "good" category with an average score of 77.61. The component of service that received the highest score was "courtesy and friendliness" of the serving personnel with a score of 3.22. Meanwhile, "terms of service" component got the lowest score 3.02. In other words, things related to various requirements in obtaining the service should be of particular concern because this component obtained the lowest score. There should be a solution to this problem so the community would be able to access the service easily without any complaints or dissatisfaction.
Numerical study on dynamic wettability of micro-structure surface
Authors: Han Shuang , Yang Lixin , Yang Runhua , Tian Zihao
Published: September 2019

Wettability plays a vital role in many fields. In this paper, the
shortcomings of current experimental measurement of dynamic wetting
characteristics are described. The dynamic wettability of droplets on the
simplified triangular wave micro-structure surface is studied by volume of
fluid method. The results are compared with the dynamic wettability of
droplets on the smooth surface and the rectangular wave micro-structure
surface. The results show the similarities and differences of the motion
characteristics of droplets on smooth surface and different micro-structure
surface. Under the action of volume force, the droplets are first deformed
and then moved. The droplets move as a whole on the smooth surface. But the
droplets partially slip on the micro-structure surface, and the three-phase
contact point on the left side does not move.
Heat transfer coefficient in elliptical tube at the constant heat flux
Authors: Lopata Stanislaw , Oclon Pawel , Stelmach Tomasz , Markowski Pawel
Published: September 2019

Cross-flow heat exchangers with elliptical tubes are often used in industrial
application. In comparison with round tubes, the elliptical tubes have a
better aero-dynamic shape, which results in a lower pressure drop of working
fluid flowing through the inter-tubular space of heat exchanger. Also, a
higher heat flux is transferred from gas to the wall of such a tube due to
the more intense heat exchange process. To prove this thesis, the values of
the heat transfer coefficient from the wall of the elliptical pipe to the
water flowing inside were determined, using the data from the conducted
measurements. This study presents also research stand with a vertically
positioned tube. In order to obtain a constant heat flux through the wall of
elliptical tube, a resistance wire is used, evenly wound on the external
surface of tube measuring section. The use of thermal insulation minimized
heat loss to the environment to a negligible value. Installed K-type
thermocouples allowed one to obtain, for various measurement conditions,
the temperature distribution within the elliptical tube wall (for a given
cross-section) and the water flowing inside it (in a given cross-section, at
different depths, for both axes of the ellipse). The design of the stand
allows such measurements in several locations along the length of the
measurement section. The measurement results were used to verify numerical
calculations. The relative error of the heat transfer coefficient value
determined on the basis of CFD calculations using the SST-TR turbulence
model in relation to the one determined on the basis of the measurement data
is about 11%.
The influence of compaction and saturation on the compressibility of colliery waste
Authors: Kaminska Katarzyna , Dzierwa Piotr
Published: September 2019

Using colliery waste to produce building materials, especially in earthworks
to build different types of road and railway embankments, or to fill
cavities and open-pit mines, requires us to determine the value of the
settlement and the ability of fly ash to reduce its volume about its
usability for mentioned purposes. Economic benefits and the need to protect
the environment are the main reasons for using fly ash as secondary raw
material. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of initial
compaction and water conditions on the process and values of settlement as
well as oedometric modulus of primary compression, decompression and
secondary compression of fly ash. The tests were carried out in oedometers.
The subject of the research was fly ash from Skawina Power Plant. Literature
analysis covers the processes of waste production and management, types of
waste depending on the grain size and composition, as well as the methods
and ways of testing the compressibility of mineral and anthropogenic soils.
The results of the tests allowed formulating conclusions on the influence of
compaction and water conditions on the possibility of settling,
consolidation and the values of compressibility moduli of the tested
material. They also allowed determining the usability of the material for
earth constructions and other purposes.
The analysis of a jet structure inside a reverse chamber
Authors: Klosowiak Robert , Bartoszewicz Jaroslaw , Urbaniak Rafal
Published: September 2019

The paper presents experimental results for an axisymmetrical jet flow
impinging with outflow through a reverse chamber. The test results include
the average distributions and fluctuations of pressures on the impinged
wall and the side wall of the chamber. The presented results cover further
the mean velocities and the velocity fluctuations in the reverse chamber in
relation to two velocity components: axial and radial. The purpose of the
paper is to indicate the differences between different flow situations: the
axisymmetrical free jet, the impinging jet hitting a flat surface, and a
flow geometrically alike, however, restricted in outflow through a reverse
annular chamber.
Glycemic Outcomes in Adults With T1D Are Impacted More by Continuous Glucose Monitoring Than by Insulin Delivery Method: 3 Years of Follow-Up From the COMISAIR Study
Authors: Šoupal Jan , Petruželková Lenka , Grunberger George , Hásková Aneta , Flekač Milan , Matoulek Martin , Mikeš Ondřej , Pelcl Tomáš , Škrha Jan , Horová Eva , Škrha Jan , Parkin Christopher G. , Svačina Štěpán , Prázný Martin
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE

This study assessed the clinical impact of four treatment strategies in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D): real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) with multiple daily insulin injections (rtCGM+MDI), rtCGM with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (rtCGM+CSII), self-monitoring of blood glucose with MDI (SMBG+MDI), and SMBG with CSII (SMBG+CSII).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

This 3-year, nonrandomized, prospective, real-world, clinical trial followed 94 participants with T1D (rtCGM+MDI, n = 22; rtCGM+CSII, n = 26; SMBG+MDI, n = 21; SMBG+CSII, n = 25). The main end points were changes in A1C, time in range (70–180 mg/dL [3.9–10 mmol/L]), time below range (<70 mg/dL [<3.9 mmol/L]), glycemic variability, and incidence of hypoglycemia.

RESULTS

At 3 years, the rtCGM groups (rtCGM+MDI and rtCGM+CSII) had significantly lower A1C (7.0% [53 mmol/mol], P = 0.0002, and 6.9% [52 mmol/mol], P < 0.0001, respectively), compared with the SMBG+CSII and SMBG+MDI groups (7.7% [61 mmol/mol], P = 0.3574, and 8.0% [64 mmol/mol], P = 1.000, respectively), with no significant difference between the rtCGM groups. Significant improvements in percentage of time in range were observed in the rtCGM subgroups (rtCGM+MDI, 48.7–69.0%, P < 0.0001; and rtCGM+CSII, 50.9–72.3%, P < 0.0001) and in the SMBG+CSII group (50.6–57.8%, P = 0.0114). Significant reductions in time below range were found only in the rtCGM subgroups (rtCGM+MDI, 9.4–5.5%, P = 0.0387; and rtCGM+CSII, 9.0–5.3%, P = 0.0235). Seven severe hypoglycemia episodes occurred: SMBG groups, n = 5; sensor-augmented insulin regimen groups, n = 2.

CONCLUSIONS

rtCGM was superior to SMBG in reducing A1C, hypoglycemia, and other end points in individuals with T1D regardless of their insulin delivery method. rtCGM+MDI can be considered an equivalent but lower-cost alternative to sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy and superior to treatment with SMBG+MDI or SMBG+CSII therapy.
Switching to iGlarLixi Versus Continuing Daily or Weekly GLP-1 RA in Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled by GLP-1 RA and Oral Antihyperglycemic Therapy: The LixiLan-G Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Blonde Lawrence , Rosenstock Julio , Del Prato Stefano , Henry Robert , Shehadeh Naim , Frias Juan , Niemoeller Elisabeth , Souhami Elisabeth , Ji Chen , Aroda Vanita R.
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE

Fixed-ratio combinations of basal insulin plus glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) allow concomitant administration of two proven complementary injectable therapies for type 2 diabetes. This study investigated switching to a titratable fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine plus lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving daily or weekly GLP-1 RA therapy.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

LixiLan-G, a randomized, open-label, 26-week trial, compared switching to iGlarLixi versus continuing prior GLP-1 RA in patients with type 2 diabetes and HbA1c 7–9% (53–75 mmol/mol) taking maximum tolerated doses of a GLP-1 RA daily (60% on liraglutide once daily or exenatide twice daily) or weekly (40% on dulaglutide, exenatide extended release, or albiglutide) with metformin with or without pioglitazone and with or without sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors. Adherence to randomized treatment was closely monitored throughout the study.

RESULTS

iGlarLixi (n = 257) reduced HbA1c more than continued GLP-1 RA therapy (n = 257) from a baseline 7.8% (62 mmol/mol) in both to 6.7% (50 mmol/mol) and 7.4% (57 mmol/mol), respectively, at 26 weeks (least squares mean difference −0.6%; P < 0.0001). More iGlarLixi patients achieved HbA1c <7% (53 mmol/mol) (62% vs. 26%; P < 0.0001) and the composite of HbA1c <7% without documented symptomatic hypoglycemia (<54 mg/dL). Nausea and vomiting rates as well as numbers of documented symptomatic hypoglycemia events per patient-year were generally low but greater with iGlarLixi versus continued GLP-1 RA therapy.

CONCLUSIONS

Switching to iGlarLixi improves glucose control for patients with type 2 diabetes insufficiently controlled on a maximum tolerated dose of a GLP-1 RA plus oral antihyperglycemic agents.
Dislipidemias y el aceite Sacha Inchi
Authors: Suárez Robalino Alejandro Jonás
Published: September 2019

El aumento en la incidencia de las enfermedades cardiovasculares en nuestro país toma ya aspectos alarmantes, entre cuyos detonantes se encuentran los factores de riesgo entre los cuales destacan la diabetes y las dislipidemias. Otros factores de riesgo son la hipertensión arterial, el tabaco y el sedentarismo. Entre las 10 principales causas de muerte en el Ecuador según datos del año 2008 del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), figuran la diabetes mellitus en 1er lugar y las enfermedades cerebrovasculares en 2º lugar. Un factor de riesgo es aquel que aumenta la probabilidad en un individuo de desarrollar una enfermedad cardiovascular en un lapso de 10 anos. Por lo tanto todo fármaco que reduzca alguno de estos factores de riesgo, tendrá una incidencia positiva en las tasas de morbi-mortalidad de la población.
CAMPUH WARNA BASA RING SESOLAHAN WAYANG WONG SAKING SEKEHA WAYANG WONG GUNA MURTI DESA TEJAKULA SANE MAMURDA KATUNDUNG ANGGADA
Authors: Purwanata Komang Hendri , Wirani Ida Ayu Sukma , Rai Ida Bagus
Published: September 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan (1) jenis campur kode menurut unsur-unsur bahasa dalam dialog pementasan wayang wong Guna Murti Desa Tejakula yang berjudul Katundung Anggada, (2) jenis-jenis campur kode menurut asal bahasa dalam dialog pementasan wayang wong Guna Murti Desa Tejakula yang berjudul Katundung Anggada, (3) faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya campur kode dalam dialog pementasan wayang wong Guna Murti Desa Tejakula yang berjudul Katundung Anggada, (4) manfaat campur kode dalam dialog pementasan wayang wong Guna Murti Desa Tejakula yang berjudul Katundung Anggada. Subjek dari penelitian adalah pementasan wayang wong yang berjudul Katundung Anggada. Objek penelitian adalah campur kode. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu tarnskrip video, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan seperti identifikasi data,   reduksi data, klasifikasi data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian yaitu, (1) jenis campur kode menurut unsur bahasa yaitu morfem, frasa, klausa, (2) jenis campur kode menurut asal bahasa, ada campur kode ke tengah, ada campur kode ke luar, dan ada campur kode campuran, (3) faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya campur kode yaitu, untuk menampilkan kelucuan, keceplosan, menyesuaikan tempat, pendengar mengerti yang diucapkan, mengikuti zaman, sesuai pengalaman, (4) manfaat campur kode yaitu dialog agar terarah dan nyambung, agar ada variasi bahasa, agar yang mendengarkan bisa mengerti.Kata kunci : campur kode, katundung anggada, wayang wong
NGAWIGUNAYANG APLIKASI PATIK BALI ANGGEN NINCAPANG KAWAGEDAN NYURAT PUPUH DURMA ANTUK MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE THINK PAIR AND SHARE (TPS) SISIA KELAS XI BDPM C SMK NEGERI 1 SINGARAJA WARSA 2018/2019
Authors: Widiantari Ida Ayu Putu , Rai Ida Bagus , Wirani Ida Ayu Sukma
Published: September 2019

Tetilikan puniki matetujon nelatarang (1) tata cara ngawigunayang model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS antuk aplikasi PaTik Bali ring palajahan nyurat pupuh Durma sisia XI BDPM C SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja (2) kawagedan sisia XI BDPM C SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja sawusan ngawigunayang model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS antuk aplikasi PaTik Bali ring palajahan nyurat pupuh durma, lan (3) panampen sisia XI BDPM C SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja indik kawentenan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS ring paplajahan nyurat durma. Tetilikan sane kamargiang puniki nganggen data deskriptif kualitatif lan kuantitatif. Jejering ring tetilikan puniki inggih punika guru basa Bali lan sisia kelas XI BDPM C SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja nglantur panandang tetilikan inggih punika pangajahan antuk model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS. Kramaning mupulang data inggih punika kramaning pratiaksa, tes miwah angket/kuesioner. Pikolih sajeroning tetilikan puniki inggih punika (1) tata cara guru ngawigunayang Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TPS antuk Aplikasi Patik Bali ring palajahan nyurat pupuh durma sampun nganutin pangrencana paplajahan, (2) ngawigunayang model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS prasida nincapang kawagedan sisia nyurat pupuh durma antuk Aplikasi PaTik Bali sisia kelas XI BDPM C SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja inggih punika nicap 4,97%, (3) ngawigunayang model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe TPS prasida nglimbakan panampen becik saking sisia majeng ring pamlajahan nyurat pupuh durma antuk Aplikasi PaTik Bali sisia kelas XI BDPM C SMK Negeri 1 Singaraja inggih punika nincap 4,07%. Wenten ius sane becik lan signifikan ri sajeroning ngawigunayang Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe TPS antuk Aplikasi PaTik Bali anggen nincapang kawagedan sisia nyurat pupuh durma. Kruna Jejaton : Model, kooperatif, TPS, aplikasi, aksara
NUREKSAIN KAANUTAN SESURATAN AKSARA BALI NGANGGEN NOTO FONT LAN APLIKASI WANTUAN PAPAN KETIK MULTILING O KEYBOARD
Authors: Antara Jaya I Made Dwi , Paramarta I Ketut , Rai I B
Published: September 2019

Tetilikan puniki matetujon mahbahang (1) Paletan-paletan nyurat aksara Bali nganggen Noto Font ring aplikasi Multiling O Keyboard, (2) Kaanutan sesuratan aksara Bali ring uger-uger pasang lan wangun ring aplikasi Multiling O Keyboard (3) Kaluwihan lan kakirangan Noto Font lan aplikasi Multiling O Keyboard. Jejering tetilikan puniki Noto Font lan aplikasi wantuan Multiling O Keyboard. Panandang tetilikan puniki kaanutan sesuratan pasang lan wangun aksara Bali sakadi wangun, genah, sukat sane nenten nganutin pasang aksara Bali. Kramaning tetilikan sane kaanggen kramaning pratiaksa lan kramaning dokumentasi. Data tureksa sane kaanggen indentifikasi data, reduksi data, klasifikasi data, interpretasi data lan panyutetan. Pikolih tetilikan minakadi (1) paletan nyurat aksara Bali nganggen Noto Font lan aplikasi Multiling O Keyboard sane kadownload lan tata cara nganggen aplikasi marupa nlatarang panujuh nyurat aksara Bali ring aplikasi (2) Kaanutan sesuratan aksara Bali ring uger-uger pasang lan wangun saking aplikasi Multiling O Keyboard, minakadi sesuratan genah, wangun, lan sukating aksara Bali sane nenten manut ring uger-uger pasang lan wangun aksara Bali  (3) Kaluwihan Noto Font lan aplikasi prasida nyurat online, marupa media sosial, taler kakirangannyane wantah prasida nganggen ring HP OS android versi  6.0 munggah lan nenten prasida nyurat offline.    Kruna Jejaton: Noto Font, aplikasi aksara Bali
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) PADA PEMBELAJARAN KIMIA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERARGUMENTASI DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Wahyuning Fitri , Priyambodo Erfan , Sugeng S.
Published: September 2019

AbstrakTujuan penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share pada pembelajaran kimia dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berargumentasi dan motivasi belajar siswa di SMA N 1 Wates. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam tiga siklus, dimana setiap siklus terdiri atas perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share dapat meningkatkan keterampilan berargumentasi siswa dan motivasi belajar siswa. Persentase peningkatan observasi keterampilan berargumentasi pada siklus II aspek claim terjadi peningkatan sebesar 12,02 % dari siklus I dan evidence terjadi peningkatan sebesar 12,74 %, sedangkan untuk aspek reason dikategorikan sedang meskipun sudah terjadi peningkatan 29,57%. Persentase peningkatan pada siklus III terjadi sebesar 15,63% pada aspek claim, sebesar 12,74% aspek evidence dan reason terjadi peningkatan sebesar 18,7%. Persentase minat siswa, semangat siswa, tanggung jawab siswa, respon terhadap stimulus, serta rasa senang dan puas secara berturut-turut mengalami persentase peningkatan sebesar 9,81%, 6,34%, 6,73%, 6,73%, dan 5,71%.AbstractThe purpose of this class action research is to find out whether the application of Think Pair Share learning models in chemistry learning can improve the argumentation skills and students' learning motivation in Wates N 1 High School. This research is a classroom action research conducted in three cycles, wherein each cycle consists of planning, action , observations, and reflections. The results of the study show that the application of Think Pair Shared learning models can improve students' argumentation skills and student motivation. The percentage increase in observation of argumentation skills in the second cycle of the claim aspect increased by 12.02% from the first cycle and the evidence increased by 12.74%, while for the reason aspect was categorized as moderate even though there had been an increase of 29.57%. The percentage increase in cycle III occurred by 15.63% in the claim aspect, by 12.74% in the evidence and reason aspect an increase of 18.7%. The percentage of student interest, student enthusiasm, student responsibility, response to stimulus, and feeling of pleasure and satisfaction respectively experienced a percentage increase of 9.81%, 6.34%, 6.73%, 6.73%, and 5.71%.
PENCATATAN PERNIKAHAN (Analisis dengan Pendekatan Qiyas, Istihsan, Sadd al-Dzari’ah, Maslahah Mursalah dan Hukum Positif di Indonesia)
Authors: Ma'arif Toha
Published: September 2019

Di Indonesia, terdapat pertentangan bahkan dikotomi terhadap keabsahan pencatatan perkawinan sehingga muncul dua kelompok ahli hukum dalam menafsirkan pencatatan nikah dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 Pasal 2 Ayat (1) dan (2). Kelompok pertama menafsirkan peraturan tersebut bersifat kumulatif. Dalam artian, pernikahan yang dilakukan menurut agama saja belum sah jika tidak mencatatkannya sesuai aturan negara. Kelompok kedua berpendapat peraturan tersebut bersifat alternatif, artinya pernikahan yang dilaksanakan secara Islam meskipun tidak dicatatkan pernikahannya berarti sudah sah.Setelah dikaji melalui pendekatan dengan metode sadd al-dzari’ah, melakukan pencatatan nikah adalah wajib, karena akan membawa pada perbuatan baik serta menimbulkan mashlahah dengan terlindunginya pihak-pihak yang melakukan pernikahan. Pencatatan nikah juga merupakan salah satu media untuk menutup jalan yang akan membawa pada perbuatan-perbuatan terlarang yang banyak merugikan pihak istri dan anak-anaknya.Wajibnya melakukan pencatatan nikah didukung melalui kajian maslahah mursalah dan maqashid al-syari’ah bahwa kemaslahatan pencatatan nikah termasuk dalam kategori kemaslahatan dharuriyyah, yakni termasuk dapat melindungi dan memelihara kemaslahatan agama, jiwa, akal, keturunan, dan harta. Kemaslahatan dalam pencatatan nikah dapat memelihara kemaslahatan agama, karena dengan adanya pencatatan ajaran-ajaran agama tidak dipraktekkan secara kacau. Begitu juga pencatatan nikah dapat memelihara kemaslahatan jiwa karena dapat mententramkan psikologis istri dan anak, bahkan dengan adanya ketentraman psikologis tersebut, akal pikiran tidak terganggu dan terkuras untuk memikirkan dan menyelesaikan persoalan yang dihadapi.Kata kunci; pencatatan perkawinan, sadd al-dzari’ah, mashlahah mursalah, maqashid al-syari’ah
Effects of carnosine and lipoic acid in the late stage of Parkinson’s disease in rats
Authors: Berezhnoy D.S. , Fedorova T.N. , Kulikova O.I. , Stavrovskaya A.V. , Abaimov D.A. , Gushchina A.S. , Olshansky A.S. , Voronkov D.N. , Stvolinsky S.L.
Published: September 2019

The late stage of Parkinson’s disease is characterized by massive neuronal loss in the substantia nigra (SN) and degeneration of the dopaminergic innervation in the striatum. There is a need to assess the neuroprotective effect of antioxidants (AO) at this stage of the disease. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of two AO, carnosine and lipoic acid (LA), in the rat model of late-stage parkinsonism. The pathology was induced by a unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the SN of the right brain hemisphere. AO were administered 4 times, starting on day 14 following the injection of the toxin. We investigated the effect of the injected drugs on the behavior of rats, the loss of neurons in the SN and the metabolism of biogenic neurotransmitter amines. Both AO dampened the development of 6-OHDA-induced neurological and behavioral symptoms. 6-OHDA induced a 90% drop (p = 0.01) in the levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites in the right striatum and caused death of over 95% of neurons (p = 0.01) in the SN of the right hemisphere (p = 0.01). AO did not have a significant effect on the number of neurons in the SN but caused an increase in the levels of DA metabolites, as compared to their levels in the animals exposed to 6-OHDA. Elevated DA (a 5.8-fold increase, p = 0.007) was observed only in the animals treated with carnosine. LA stimulated a 23% decline in serotonin levels (p = 0.06) and a 36% increase (p = 0.009) in its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA). We conclude that although carnosine and LA did not have a direct neuroprotective effect, they could relieve the symptoms. This suggests that these AO could be used as an adjunctive component to antiparkinsonian therapy.
Discolouration of polyamide microcrystalline denture base plates after exposure to filter cigarette smoke
Authors: Jubhari Eri Hendra , Dangkeng Zulkarnain Wahid , Dangkeng Effendy
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Denture users with smoking habit often complain about colour changes in their dentures, especially on the base part. Polyamide microcrystalline is a thermoplastic denture base material and does not undergo many colour changes. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effect of filter cigarettes smoke exposure on the colour of polyamide microcrystalline materials. Methods: This study used posttest only control group design — Plate-Shaped sample with a size of 2 x 2 x 0.5 cm3. Nine samples as controls were immersed without exposure to the cigarette smoke, and 9 samples were immersed in artificial saliva with exposure to the filter cigarette smoke by six cycles, where one cycle was in the form of smoke exposure from one cigarette at 30-minute intervals. Cigarette exposure lasts for 21 days using a smoking simulation tool. Every seven days of exposure, colours were evaluated using a DSLR camera. The photos were then analysed with Adobe™ Photoshop in the CIELab colour space. The results were analysed afterwards by a one-way ANOVA variant test, and advance difference tests were analysed using a Post-Hoc test. Results: There was a significant colour change after exposure (p < 0.05), but the control group did not experience discolouration. The highest rate of colour change occurred in the second week, while in the third week the colour changes still occurred but tend to be stable. Conclusion: Exposure to the filter cigarette smoke changes the colour of polyamide microcrystalline denture base.Keywords: Polyamide microcrystalline, filter cigarette smoke, discolouration, denture base
Effect of lemon on saliva and Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Batubara Natasya Angelyna , Lindawati Yumi
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Lemon juice contains citric acid. It is a highly antibacterial organic acid by gargling with, will be able to decrease the spreading of Staphylococcus aureus colony in saliva. The acid stimulation of lemon juice able to increase salivary secretion. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of gargling lemon juice of 100%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5% concentrations towards the salivary flow rate, salivary pH, the number of Staphylococcus aureus colony, and also, correlation between salivary flow rate and pH, salivary flow rate and number of Staphylococcus aureus colony, and salivary pH and number of Staphylococcus aureus colony. Methods: This research conducted with a pre-and-post-test group design. Saliva was taken from 24 subjects before and after the subjects gargled with lemon juice. Measurements performed were salivary flow rate per minute, and salivary pH (using pH Hanna Instrument). The Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were placed in a Mannitol Salt Agar for 24 hours at 370C temperature, then the number of the colonies were counted (x103 CFU). Results: The Wilcoxon test results showed that lemon juice with 100%, 50%, 25%, and 12.5% concentrations significantly increased the salivary flow rate and decreased the number of Staphylococcus aureus colony (p < 0.05). The result of the paired t-test showed that lemon juice with 25% and 12.5% concentration decreased the salivary pH significantly (p<0,05). The Pearson’s correlation results showed no significant correlation between salivary flow rate and salivary pH, flow rate and the number of Staphylococcus aureus colony, and salivary pH and number of Staphylococcus aureus colony. Conclusion: Lemon juice can decrease the salivary pH and the number of Staphylococcus aureus colony, but increases the salivary flow rate. It is considered to be good enough as one of the ingredients of mouthwash.Keywords: Flow rate, lemon, pH, saliva, Staphylococcus aureus
Inhibition of namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) leaves extract on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Ulpiyah Zakiyya , Shita Amandia Dewi Permana , Wahyukundari Melok Aris
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis growth should be prevented to minimise inflammation in periodontal tissues. Antibacterial herbs need to be considered because there are side effects caused by synthetic antibacterial drugs. Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora L.) leaves are known for having antibacterial effects. The purpose of this research was analysing the inhibition potential, and the highest inhibition concentration of namnam leaves extract on the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Methods: 24 samples were divided into 6 groups. The positive control group was given 0.2% chlorhexidine, and the treatment group was given various concentrations (100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, and 20%) of namnam leaves extract. The disc which spilled by various concentrations of namnam leaves extracts and 0.2% chlorhexidine was placed on a medium which has been inoculated by P. gingivalis, then incubated at 37ºC for 48 hours. The inhibition zone was measured using a vernier calliper. Results: The concentration of 100% had the highest average inhibition zone value, which was 11.43 mm. The content in namnam leaves extracts which serve as antibacterial were tannins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins and quinones. Conclusion: Namnam leaves extract can inhibit the growth of P. gingivalis. 100% of namnam leaves extract has the highest antibacterial inhibition zone.Keywords: Antibacterial, Namnam leaves extract, periodontal disease, Porphyromonas gingivalis
Preliminary study on cells viability based on toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made from Indonesian de-waxed shellac
Authors: Djustiana Nina , Takarini Veni , Hasratiningsih Zulia
Published: September 2019

Introduction: Varnish fluoride has the ability to prevent enamel demineralization. De-waxed shellac that mostly used for fruits coating, now is applied as varnish fluoride materials. This de-waxed shellac is quite potential since the product can be found from Indonesian sources. The research aims to describe the toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made of de-waxed shellac by measuring the viability of the fibroblast cells. Methods: The research method that was used in this study is in vitro experimental method, which using the tooth that had been smeared with varnish fluoride contacted with fibroblast cells REF (Rat Embryonic Fibroblast) for 4, 8, and 24 hours. The toxicity effect of varnish fluoride was then measured by cell viability. Results The results show that the average cells viability on 4 hours contacted tooth was 88%, while average cells viability on 8 hours contacted tooth was 74%, and lastly the average cells viability on 24 hours contacted tooth was 63%. Conclusion: The conclusion of this preliminary study on cells viability based on toxicity effect of varnish fluoride made from Indonesian de-waxed shellac are different based on contacted time.Keywords: Cell viability, toxicity effect, varnish fluoride, Indonesian de-waxed shellac
Trauma cranioencefálico: intervenções do enfermeiro no atendimento pré-hospitalar
Authors: Silva Zildo Alves da , Pio Thais Macedo , Maia Luiz Faustino dos Santos
Published: September 2019

Este trabalho tem como objetivo descrever as intervenções realizadas pelo enfermeiro no atendimento pré-hospitalar móvel a vítima de trauma crânioencefálico. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo de revisão da literatura, por meio do qual se realizou um levantamento da produção cientifica na base de dados SCIELO e LILACS, referente ao período 2009 à 2016. O trauma cranioencefálico é uma causa importante de morte e sequelas temporárias e ou permanentes, e suas taxas vem se elevando dia a dia, acarretando em um sério problema à saúde pública do Brasil e no mundo. As intervenções do enfermeiro no assistencialismo deve seguir um atendimento sistematizado e baseado em protocolos que pode elevar as taxas de sobrevida, evitar ou minimizar sequelas, é responsável junto a equipe multiprofissional pela elaboração e atualização de protocolos, além destas atribuições uma importante função é a educação permanente dos demais profissionais que atuam no atendimento móvel de urgência.
Risk of Emergency Situations of Underground Objects in the Perspective of Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Authors: Dachowski R. , Gałek K.
Published: September 2019

The diaphragm wall and the open caisson represent two main competitive technologies used in the construction of underground objects. In modern times, diaphragm walls are primarily applied for large-size objects, with open caissons being preferred in the case of small-sized ones. Currently, objects of this type are designed mainly for sewage treatment plants and detention reservoirs. Their construction involves highly labour-intensive processes. During the execution of works unforeseen negative effects are observed to occur. During the underground objects construction the most common phenomena are: deviations from the vertical (tilt), sagging, sinking below the designed level, cracking, scratches or leakage through the wall. The purpose of the paper is to classify undesired risk factors emerging in the process of underground objects construction and selection of the optimal technological and material solution for municipal facilities. The implementation of this task involved the selection of Multi-Criteria Decision Making methods, taking into account the cause-effect rating, as the mathematical apparatus. The Ratio Estimation in Magnitudes or deciBells to Rate Alternatives which are Non-DominaTed (REMBRANDT) method was applied. The research proved that it is possible to analytically assess unforeseen risk factors conducive to emergency situations during the implementation of underground objects, using the REMBRANDT method.
The Evolutions for Water Quality of Son La Hydropower Reservoir from Environmental Monitoring Data (2010 - 2018)
Authors: Xuan Duc Do , Duc Hai Luu , Huu Tuan Do
Published: September 2019

In 2010, the time of blocking dams for electricity generation activities of the Son La hydropower plant on Da river, up to now, after nearly 08 years of water storage, the Son La reservoir environment has stabilized and formed the soil ecosystem. flood - typical reservoir ecosystem in the highlands of the Northwest, Vietnam. Basing on the monitoring data of the Da River at the beginning of 2010, monitoring data for Son La hydropower reservoir (2010 - 2017), monitoring data for Lai Chau hydropower reservoir (phase 1/2018). This paper uses data collection and analysis method to compare the quality of Da river water before and after the dam to the Son La reservoir at 03 observation sites: Hang Tom bridge Muong Lay, Dien Bien), Pa Uon Bridge (Quynh Nhai, Son La), Upper Muong La (Son La). Analyze the quality of Son La hydropower reservoir through input data (Lai Chau hydropower reservoir) and output at monitoring site (downstream of the dam) in Son La province during 2015-2017. The analytical results confirmed the process of changes in the groups of physical, chemical, microbiological, pesticide residues in the lake water environment and proved to change the quality of hydropower reservoirs. Son La seasonal. At the same time, discuss and evaluate some natural, social and human factors that affect the water quality of Son La hydropower reservoir.
Circular Economy and the Inevitable Transition
Authors: Hoang Nam Nguyen , Thi Hue Hoang , Bich Phuong Nguyen Thi
Published: September 2019

Traditional economic development often faces the trade-off between economic growth and environmental quality.  That is because of the linear approach, which relies on resource exploitation to make products, consumption and then dispose, resulting in natural resource degradation and waste increase. Circular economy is a change approach, towards restoration and regeneration, thereby reducing the dependence on natural resources and limiting emission, while not underestimating economic development. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the difference between the linear economy and circular economy. Moreover, it discusses the necessity of the transition from the linear economy to circular economy, which has recently become a trend in many countries around the world.
The Effect of Nutrition Counseling on Complementary Feeding Practice of Mothers Having Infant Aged 6-12 Month
Authors: Arifin Yulia , Masrul Masrul , Ali Hirowati
Published: September 2019

Nutrition plays an important role in the human life cycle. Nutrition surveillance in the form of Nutritional Status Monitoring in 2016 showed that 38.9% of children under five in Indonesia experienced nutritional problems. One of the efforts to improve the health and nutrition status of the baby is by improving the knowledge and attitude of the mother in giving complimentary food. This study aim is to know the effect of nutrition counseling on feeding practice of mothers having infant aged 6-12 month in pakan rabaa public health center area solok selatan district in 2018.The design of the study was quasi-experimental with the design of the control group pretest-posttest. The sample of this study was 46 experiment group and 46 control group. Sampling was done by Purposive Sampling technique. Data analysis using the chi-square testThe results of the study were the absence of nutritional counseling on knowledge of mothers with p-value 0.361, there was an effect of nutritional counseling on changes in maternal attitudes with p-value of 0,000 and there was also the effect of nutritional counseling on complementary feeding practice with p-value 0.004.The presence of the influence of nutritional counseling on attitudes and practices of complementary feeding. Health workers are expected to be able to spend time giving counseling about complementary feeding practice regularly so that the goal of counseling at the public health center can be achieved.
Evaluasi Pengembangan Pelabuhan Sibolga
Authors: ARIYANTO DEDY
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kebutuhan pengembangan Pelabuhan Sibolga dari berbagai aspek yang meliputi aspek kinerja pelayanan, potensi demand dan potensi hinterland. Metode pendekatan yang dilakukan yaitu  melalui analisis deskriptif komparatif dan analisis pertumbuhan. Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa kinerja pelayanan kapal, kinerja pelayanan barang dan utilisasi fasilitas baik untuk cargo, penumpang dan petikemas masih belum optimal. Dalam mengantisipasi perkembangan trafik dan sesuai kondisi teknis lahan pengembangan yang tersedia, maka arah pengembangan pelabuhan Sibolga sebaiknya adalah dengan memanfaatkan lahan pelabuhan yang tersedia dan yang belum optimal pemanfaatannya, dan kemudian mengadakan perluasan area melalui rekonfigurasi pelabuhan dan mengadakan reklamasi perairan.Rencana pengembangan jangka panjang yang disiapkan, dengan zoning dan tata letak melalui pemisahan secara fisik dan operasional antara terminal barang general cargo, terminal petikemas konvensional dan terminal penumpang.
Kebutuhan Fasilitas Penunjang Keselamatan Di Pelabuhan Manipa
Authors: SISWOYO BAMBANG
Published: September 2019

Pelabuhan Manipa merupakan pelabuhan yang terletak di perairan Laut Aru yang dibangun sejak tahun 2009. Dalam rangka mendukung keselamatan pelayaran di Pelabuhan Manipa, Kecamatan Manipa, Kabupaten Seram Barat, Provinsi Maluku perlu dilakukan pengembangan fasilitas penunjang keselamatan bagi kapal-kapal yang melayani pulau tersebut selain kapal ferry atau kapal perintis. Pulau ini dilayani oleh kapal speedboat dari pelabuhan Tahoku, Maluku Tengah, 2 kali sehari dengan lama pelayaran sekitar 3 jam. Kapal speedboat ini berkapasitas sekitar 50 penumpang dan barang. Untuk sandar kapal-kapal ini menggunakan pantai yag berpasir landau, sehingga penumpang yang turun/naik dari/ke kapal harus turun ke air terlebih dahulu. Tujuan penelitian merencanakan direncanakan fasilitas penunjang keselamatan untuk penumpang dan barang. Metode yang digunakan dengan peramalan, dengan meramalkan kunjungan kapal, jumlah penunpang, barang. Hasil yang dihasilkan adalah penambahan fasilitas dermaga apung untuk menunjang keselamatan pelayaran bagi kapal-kapal speedboat/longboat yang melayani Pulau Manipa.
Desain Model Sertifikasi Profesi Teknika Kapal untuk Dosen dengan Rekognisi Pembelajaran Lampau
Authors: Priadi Antoni Arif , Nugroho Eko , Sularno Heri
Published: September 2019

Ahli Teknika Kapal merupakan  profesional yang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan dan pengalaman tertinggi dalam operasi permesinan kapal mulai dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengelolaan, analisis, dan evaluasi. Melalui Kerangka Kualifikasi Nasional Indonesia (KKNI) membuka peluang bagi para profesional seperti Ahli Teknika Kapal untuk setara dengan jenjang  kualifikasi dosen tertentu yang sesuai standard KKNI berdasarkan rekognisi pembelajaran lampau (RPL), untuk dapat menyumbangkan pengetahuan dan pengalamannya guna menyelesiakan permasalahan kebutuhan dosen pada perguruan tinggi vokasi pelayaran. Penelitian deskriptif ini disajikan untuk menganalisis penyetaraan Ahli Teknika Kapal ke dalam Kerangka Kualifikasi Nasional Indonesia melalui studi pustaka dan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Ahli Teknika Kapal dapat disetarakan dengan kualifikasi Dosen tingkat master yang memiliki jenjang 8 KKNI melalui instrumen penilaian yang disusun dalam penelitian.
The Relationship between Integrated Marketing Communication and Leadership Styles - In the Context of Malaysian Higher Education
Authors: Abdulllah Siti Aishah Chu , Yussoff Mohamad Md , Mustafa Hasrina
Published: September 2019

The purposes of this study are to assess the level of IMC implementation, to investigate the factors for developing and implementing a successful IMC plan, and to determine the interconnection between leadership styles and IMC in the selected Malaysian public and private higher learning institutions (HLIs) based on the perceptions of administrators and lecturers. Qualitative methods were employed, whereby IMC four-stage framework and seven dimensions of full range leadership theory served as the basis of this study. The results of this study show that a majority of the interviewees claimed that their institutions have reached stage 4 (strategic integration) of the IMC framework. Nevertheless, there were inconsistencies in the answers between the administrators and lecturers. The results also reveal that the important factors in developing and implementing a successful IMC plan in Malaysian HLIs are uniting functional operations by aligning the activities of the HLIs toward serving the customers, getting support from the top management of HLIs, studying their customers thoroughly, and utilising social networks to communicate with their current and prospective customers. Moreover, the leadership styles practised in the interviewees� institutions expose that the dimension of intellectual stimulation was the most mentioned, followed by laissez-faire, inspirational motivation, and management-by-exception. The leaders of the selected Malaysian public HLIs showed a higher tendency of practising transformational leadership style compared to the leaders of the selected Malaysian private HLIs who showed the tendency of practising transactional leadership style. Thus, practising an appropriate leadership style is an important factor that influences the effectiveness of leaders in the Malaysian HLIs.�Keywords: Integrated marketing communication; integrated marketing communication framework; leadership styles; full range leadership theory.
Determinants of Bid-Ask Spread in Indonesia: More Evidence from LQ45
Authors: Wiharno Herma , Rahayu Dede Sri
Published: September 2019

The investors are one of the important components of the capital market. The investors are the person who invests money in the company. In the capital market, the investors are helped by a broker. The broker helps the investors in overcoming the mismatch between price and quantity that is not in line with expectations. When an investor wants to buy a stock, the broker will ask the asking price and if an investor wants to sell investor�s shares, the broker will provide the bid price. The difference between the bid price and the asking price is called bid-ask spread. Bid-ask spread is the compensation given to the market maker for the services provided. There are several factors that affect the bid-ask spreads that are trading volume, variance return, market value, and return on equity. This study aimed to provide empirical evidence of the effect of trading volume activity, variance return, market value, and return equity on companies listed in the LQ45 index period of 2013-2016. The sample in this research used purposive sampling. The analysis method for this research was multiple regression models. The results of this research showed that trading volume activity, variance return, market value, and return on equity simultaneously influence bid-ask spread. Partially, trading volume activity has negative insignificantly effect on bid-ask spread. The independence of the board of commissioners has negative insignificantly effect on bid-ask spread. Variance return, market value, return on equity, and have a positive significant effect on bid-ask spread.Keywords: trading volume activity, variance return, market value, return on equity, bid-ask spread