bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Memory surfaces separating the processes of monotonous and cyclic loads
Authors: Bondar V. S , Abashev D. R
Published: April 2023

The processes of elastoplastic deformation of structural materials can consist of a sequence of monotonous and cyclic loading regimes, in which peculiar effects and features arise. Mathematical modeling of such processes, as well as resource assessment and forecasting, is a very difficult task. In addition, the analysis of transient processes from cyclic to monotonous and from monotonous to cyclic shows the need to separate these processes. Based on the analysis of the results of experimental studies of samples of stainless steel 12Х18Н10T under a rigid (controlled deformation) deformation process, which is a sequence of monotonic and cyclic loading modes, under conditions of uniaxial tension-compression at normal temperature, the features and differences in the processes of monotonic and cyclic loading are revealed. To describe these features and separate the processes of monotonic and cyclic loading modes in the theories of plastic flow with combined hardening, various variants of memory surfaces are introduced. An analysis of the results of experimental studies of stainless steel showed that in the space of the plastic strain tensor, the size of the memory surface is determined by the range of plastic strains, and the position of the center is determined by the values of average plastic strains under cyclic loading. Various variants of the memory surface are considered, their capabilities and disadvantages are identified, and the most adequate variant of the memory surface is determined. To confirm the operability of this version of the memory surface, together with the equations of the Bondar plasticity model, the calculated and experimental results were compared and a reliable agreement was obtained between these results both in terms of the kinetics of the stress-strain state and in terms of the number of cycles to failure.
Effect of mechanical load on resultant composite piezomodules
Authors: Pan’kov A. A
Published: April 2023

A mathematical model has been developed and, on its basis, analytical solutions have been found for the resulting "reduced" electroelastic characteristics, in particular, for deformation (shear) piezomodules and dielectric permeabilities of a transversal-isotropic piezoelectric material (composite), taking into account corrections due to the presence of mechanical axial stresses and electrodeformational reorientation of the axis of symmetry of the material properties under the action of an electric field. In the initial configuration, axial tensile and/or compressive stresses do not result in shear strains of the material, the shifts are initiated by the application of an electric field and are "amplified" by axial stresses of the initial configuration. The effect of increasing the resulting values of deformation piezomodules of the material from the action of axial stresses was revealed. The values of the applied axial stresses do not exceed the values of the loss of stability of the material (elements of the structure and, in general, the composite), which causes the preservation of the effect of increasing piezomodules also under the action of an alternating electric field. The results of numerical modeling are obtained for the transversal-isotropic polymer composite "silicone/PZT-4" with unidirectional piezoelectric fibers with a circular cross section as a partial (limit) case of the structure with oriented ellipsoidal inclusions using the known "generalized singular approximation" based on the method of Green functions of statistical mechanics of composites for calculating tensors of effective properties composite in the current configuration. Deformation anisotropy corrections are calculated through the current coordinates of the guide vector for the symmetry axis of the properties - the orientation direction of the fibers of the composite. It has been found that the most significant effect of increasing shear piezomodules is manifested for a unidirectional fibrous composite with a low-modulus polymer matrix "silicone/PZT-4" at small values of the volume fraction of rigid piezoelectric fibers from the action of compressive longitudinal axial stress.
Study of deformation structures maps in metals under tension
Authors: Barannikova S. A , Iskhakova P. V
Published: April 2023

The paper considers the regularities of macroscopic inhomogeneity of plastic flow during uniaxial tension of flat samples of Fe-Cr-Ni 2 mm thick. Their tension axis was oriented along the rolling direction. The average grain size was 12.5 ± 3 mm. The plastic flow curves of the alloy had long stages of linear strain hardening over the entire test temperature range 180 K < T < 297 K. For the experimental study of plastic deformation, we used the method of accurately reconstructing the fields of displacement vectors and calculating the components of the plastic distortion tensor using speckle photography with increments of the total strain between exposures 0.001. The field of displacement vectors as a whole over the sample during loading is inhomogeneous both in the directions of the displacement vectors and in values; in some areas, the displacement vectors nonmonotonically change directions relative to the tension axis. It has been established that in the test temperature range 180 K < T < 297 K, plastic flow is localized at all stages of the process. The appearance of the a′-martensite phase during the deformation of the alloy under study leads to a change in the mechanical characteristics, the work hardening coefficient, and the deformation localization parameters. The maps of deformation structures are analyzed in the form of spatial distributions of the components of the plastic distortion tensor: local elongations, narrowings, shifts and rotations. The non-linear nature of the change in the coefficient of transverse deformation from the level of acting stresses is established. The general form and quantitative parameters of the evolution of the components of the plastic distortion tensor indicate the connection of this process with the self-organization of a defective subsystem in a deformable medium.
Features of diffusion-controlled processes of regulated volumetric synthesis from powder mixtures Ti-Al-Fe-Fe2O3
Authors: Knyazeva A. G , Anisimova M. A , Korosteleva E. N
Published: April 2023

Experimentally and theoretically analyzed processes occurring in mixtures of powders Ti-Al-Fe-Fe2O3 during reactive sintering (sintering from chemically interacting components) under controlled heating. As one of the components wastes of steel billets were used. This makes the study relevant. The heating rate was varied. Possible physical and chemical stages, their sequence and the assumed phase composition of the synthesis products were analyzed. Although reactive sintering has attracted considerable interest for the production of composite materials, the regularities established for binary systems cannot be purely transferred to sintering powders of more than two kinds. It is shown that the multistage process results in the formation of sets of nonequilibrium phases of variable composition based on α-titanium solid solution. The structures obtained from powder compositions «Ti+Al+Fe» and «Ti+Al+metal chips» do not differ much from each other, despite the presence of an appreciable share of oxides in the latter. The examples of particular problem solutions which correspond to the possible variants of diffusion interaction in a heterogeneous system are presented. Analytical solutions are obtained in the quasi-stationary approximation. The diffusive nature of changes in the position of interfaces is the same for constant and variable diffusion coefficients. The shape of the refractory reagent particle has little effect on the dynamics of the process. An example of calculating the stresses and strains in a conditional reaction cell when the phases are separated by moving boundaries is given. In the quasi-static approximation, the time for the mechanical part of the problem is a parameter. It is shown that the driving forces of diffusion transfer may be related to local stresses, which, in turn, may be related to changes in composition.
Numerical simulation of the nickel alloy microstructure formed in the process of hot fogging
Authors: Rogovoy A. A , Salikhova N. K
Published: April 2023

The paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the deformation and thermal states of the Waspaloy alloy billet heated to different initial temperatures of 1100°C and 1150°C and subjected to free upsetting to an average diameter of ~1060 mm at the deformation rate of 100 mm/s. The thermodynamic forces acting on the billet trigger the process of dynamic recrystallization, which is associated with the appearance and growth of low-defect nuclei of new grains instead of the deformed ones. To describe the material microstructure evolution, the phenomenological approach implemented in the DEFORM-2D/3D software package was applied. The simulation was based on the modified Johnson - Mehl - Avrami - Kolmogorov (JMAK) model, whose equations allow calculating the volume fraction of recrystallized material and describing the grain structure transformation of metal alloys. The results of solution of the non-stationary temperature problem are used to construct the temperature fields in the Waspaloy alloy billet during its transportation through air from the furnace to the deforming equipment within 45 seconds and during the subsequent upsetting process. For the latter, the force and strain characteristics, including the force required to complete this process, are determined in the framework of the plastic flow theory, and the characteristics of the grain structure of the nickel alloy, such as the average size of recrystallized grains and their volume fraction, are determined in the framework of the JMAK model. The results obtained by numerical simulation make it possible to substantiate an optimal selection of parameters of billet deformation ensuring the formation of the required material structure.
The influence exerted by active cooling on the permanent connection formed as a result of electric arc welding
Authors: Tkacheva A. V , Abashkin E. E
Published: April 2023

The problem of temperature stresses is solved in the work. The process of electric arc welding with guaranteed penetration of steel plates of various thicknesses is simulated. The possibility of reducing residual stresses formed as a result of welding by applying heat removal from the surface of the near-weld region of a steel plate is being investigated. The temperature distribution is determined by solving a non-linear heat equation, in which the specific heat and thermal conductivity depend on temperature. The heat source is modeled using the double ellipsoid method proposed by John A. Goldak. The horseshoe-shaped heat sink follows immediately after the anode spot and is set by the heat flux in such a way that the main temperature of the plate does not decrease below its initial temperature. This limitation reduces the level of the temperature gradient, thereby reducing the stresses in the metal plate. To illustrate the effect of active heat sink, the temperature distribution in the top layer at the moment of termination of welding is compared with and without active heat sink. The material is assumed to be elastoviscoplastic, the deformations are small and consist of reversible and irreversible ones. Reversible deformations are related to stresses by the Duhamel - Neumann law. Irreversible strains increase when the von Mises plastic flow condition is satisfied, in which there is a plastic strain rate component responsible for the plastic flow viscosity. The elastic moduli (Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio) and the yield strength are assumed to be temperature dependent. The solution of the mechanical part of the problem is found by the method of simple iterations. For plates with different thicknesses, diagrams of residual stresses are given, located in the center of the plate from the seam to the periphery. As a result of the work, according to the obtained distributions of residual stresses in the plate material, it is concluded that the use of an active horseshoe-shaped heat sink from the near-weld zone when welding thin steel plates reduces residual stresses, therefore it is recommended to use in the welding process. The use of an active heat sink on the reverse side of the plate leads to an increase in the stress level, therefore it is not recommended for use.
SECONDARY BUCKLING OF A HEATED CIRCULAR PLATE
Authors: Levyakov S. V.
Published: April 2023

Upon heating, a circular plate with immovable edge exhibits buckling, which results in ax-isymmetric postcritical bending. Progressive axisymmetric bending due to increasing thermal load in the postbuckling range leads to substantial redistribution of the stresses in the plate and occurrence of high compressive circumferential stresses in a narrow zone adjacent to the plate edge. In this case, secondary buckling can occur resulting in unsymmetric stress-strain state. The aim of the present work is to study stability behavior of the postbuckling axisymmetric equilibrium configurations of a circular plate subjected to uniform temperature rise. The plate edge is assumed to be immovable in the radial and transverse directions and elastically re-strained against bending rotation, which allows one to model the boundary conditions between two extremes of clamped and simply supported. The stability analysis is performed by the semi-analytical finite element method, where unknown displacements are approximated by truncated Fourier series in the circumferential coordinate. The geometrical nonlinearity is taken into ac-count in a quadratic approximation using the Fӧppl – von Karman nonlinear plate theory. To find equilibrium states of the plate, an iterative algorithm is proposed which requires determination of the coefficients of the first and second variations of the total potential energy. Stability of the equilibrium states is examined using the criterion of positive defineteness of the Hess matrix of the plate finite-element model. The critical temperature rise at which secondary buckling occurs is determined. The post-buckling nonlinear deformation characterized by local winkling near the plate edge is studied. The effect of boundary conditions and temperature-dependent material properties on the critical thermal load and secondary buckling modes is discussed.
A INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E O DIREITO: COMO A TECNOLOGIA PODE IMPULSIONAR O JUDICIÁRIO NO CUMPRIMENTO DO PRINCÍPIO CONSTITUCIONAL DA CELERIDADE PROCESSUAL?
Authors: Marçal Stéfany Marciano , Brasil Deilton Ribeiro
Published: April 2023

O Relatório Anual da Ouvidoria do Conselho Nacional de Justiça, elaborado em 2020, do total de reclamações recebidas no setor “o tema morosidade processual apresenta-se em primeiro lugar, com 14.834 relatos, representando 56,83% das manifestações recebidas” (CNJ, 2020, p. 11). A constatação é importante porque demonstra um problema histórico, no Brasil, uma vez que o Poder Judiciário, há anos, se mostra incapaz de resolver, de modo célere, as demandas que lhes são submetidas. Diante desse cenário, a presente pesquisa buscou identificar se e, em caso positivo, como o emprego da Inteligência Artificial (AI) pode impulsionar o Poder Judiciário no cumprimento do principio constitucional da celeridade processual, o qual visa garantir justa e devida prestação jurisdicional às partes, em tempo razoável. A hipótese adotada, no trabalho, foi de que a inteligência artificial é instrumento hábil para promover alterações significativas na forma como as demandas judiciais são processadas, trazendo, consequentemente, maior rapidez para o desfecho das ações em trâmite. O que se propôs como estratégia metodológica para o estudo do tema foi uma investigação legislativa e doutrinária. A pesquisa comportou, portanto, a análise de dados primários e secundários, isto é, aspectos doutrinários, documental-bibliográfico e investigativo quanto ao tema em enfoque. É de se destacar, ainda, que o tipo de investigação teórica desenvolvida foi do tipo compreensivo e interpretativo, visando à decomposição do problema jurídico aqui delineado, e o método utilizado foi o hipotético-dedutivo. A hipótese da pesquisa restou devidamente comprovada, uma vez que os resultados obtidos, no trabalho, demonstraram que, assim como nas demais áreas do conhecimento, não só é viável, mas também necessária a aplicação da AI na resolução das demandas, de modo a garantir aos cidadãos a obtenção da tutela jurisdicional pleiteada, em tempo razoável.
PRESUNÇÃO DE INOCÊNCIA: A INFLUÊNCIA DA MÍDIA NOS CASOS REITOR CANCELLIER E BOATE KISS
Authors: Cruz Jonathan Viegas Avila , Stein Ana Carolina Filippon
Published: April 2023

O presente trabalho de conclusão de curso objetiva analisar como funcionam os veículos de comunicação em casos envolvendo processos criminais, e como seu discurso sensacionalista pode ser difundido culpabilizando o acusado antes mesmo da sentença do juiz, sob alegação de ser o livre exercício do direito à liberdade de imprensa. Por ser a liberdade de imprensa um direito constitucionalmente garantido, acaba gerando um conflito em relação a outro direito fundamental, à presunção de inocência. A busca pela justiça imediata feita pela população, acaba gerando aos veículos de informação papéis que não dizem respeito à sua real função, ultrapassando os limites necessários para um bom funcionamento do sistema penal, como é o caso de Luiz Carlos Cancellier de Olivo, ex-reitor da UFSC, acusado em processo criminal, e o caso do trágico incêndio da Boate Kiss, em que Elissandro Callegaro Spohr, ex-sócio da boate, Mauro Londero Hoffmann, também ex-sócio, Marcelo de Jesus dos Santos, vocalista da banda Gurizada Fandangueira, e Luciano Bonilha Leão, produtor musical, também foram acusados criminalmente. O  trabalho foi dividido em quatro capítulos para melhor entendimento do assunto, onde primeiramente é abordado o propósito do Direito Penal, em segundo momento o Princípio da Presunção de Inocência, seguido do limite da liberdade de informação e, para finalizar, uma análise a respeito da influência da mídia nos dois casos criminais estudados.
NOVAS REFLEXÕES SOBRE A POLÍTICA NACIONAL DO MEIO AMBIENTE E A PROTEÇÃO DAS DUNAS DE AREIA DO MUNICÍPIO DE CIDREIRA/RS
Authors: Xavier José Tadeu Neves , Rocha Mariângela Guerreiro Milhoranza da
Published: April 2023

A PNMA (Política Nacional do Meio Ambiente) estabelece as regras gerais de proteção ambiental que devem estar intimamente interligadas ao que disciplina o art. 225 da Constituição Federal. Nesse ínterim, é de suma importância analisar se os objetivos da PNMA estão sendo observados para a conservação das dunas de areia do município de Cidreira, no litoral norte do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, onde estão localizados os chamados “Lençóis Cidreirenses”: um campo de dunas transgressíveis, de beleza inigualável, que abriga, inclusive fauna e flora endêmicas. Em Cidreira foi promulgada a Lei n. 2369/2017, que dispõe sobre a política do meio ambiente do município e dá outras providências. A lei, que conta com 142 artigos, não possui qualquer dispositivo acerca da preservação da diversidade biológica existente nas dunas de areia e da salvaguarda das próprias dunas de areia. Tendo em vista a omissão legislativa, este ensaio busca verificar se as dunas de areia e sua heterogeneidade biológica estão albergadas pelos objetivos da PNMA.
Correlation between Vertebral Slippage in Spondylolisthesis with Ligamentum Flavum Thickening in Dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fatmawati Heni , Candra Alvin , Rumastika Nindya Shinta , Munawir Al , Hasan Muhamad , Semita I Nyoman
Published: April 2023

Background: Spondylolisthesis is a vertebral slip condition that compromises the body’s axial alignment and structures such as ligamentum flavum. The ligamentum flavum thickening may play a role in spondylolisthesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the slippage of vertebral body (spondylolisthesis) with ligamentum flavum thickening as a tissue response regarding increased mechanical stress.Methods: An analytical retrospective radiological observational was used a cross-sectional study from the results of MRI examination in Dr. Soebandi Hospital, Jember, Indonesia, collected from 2018-2021 using the simple random sampling method. Ligamentum flavum thickness and the degree of vertebral slip were measured using T2-weighted MR imaging and the correlation was analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Results: Of 102 spondylolisthesis data records, 34 were taken, being female was the most prevalent cases in the age group above 60 years, with the most vertebral segment shift occurring at the L4–L5 level. There was a significant correlation. (p = 0.02; RR = 4.8) between ligamentum flavum thickening and vertebral slip in spondylolisthesis. Conclusion: The significant correlation between ligamentum flavum thickening and vertebral slip in spondylolisthesis suggest that mechanical stress has caused spondylolisthesis, by inducing chronic inflammation that results in hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum. Lumbar segmental instability due to spondylolisthesis is a factor contributing to the development of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy.
OS SABERES DOCENTES NA ÁREA DE ENSINO DE CIÊNCIAS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Oliveira Thais Mara Anastácio , Mozzer Nilmara Braga
Published: April 2023

Neste trabalho realizamos uma revisão sistemática da literatura com os intuitos de compreender como os saberes docentes têm sido investigados na área de Ensino de Ciências no Brasil e de discutir as principais contribuições e limitações dessas investigações. Realizamos nossas buscas no Banco de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e no Portal de Periódico da CAPES, a partir de um recorte temático, mas não temporal. Com base nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão definidos, obtivemos um total de 64 trabalhos (teses, dissertações e artigos). Por meio desses trabalhos, identificamos e caracterizamos cinco eixos de investigação: saberes mobilizados por professores de Ciências; saberes docentes e a identidade profissional; processos de construção e desenvolvimento dos saberes docentes; contribuições de cursos e programas de formação na constituição dos saberes docentes; outros focos. Observamos que prevalecem as pesquisas que buscam apenas identificar os saberes docentes sob uma perspectiva individual de análise ao priorizarem, principalmente, métodos de categorização e análise de conteúdo. Limitações como essa apontam para a necessidade de que um esforço seja realizado no sentido de se ampliar o escopo das investigações sobre a temática de forma a incluir e considerar, sob uma perspectiva etnográfica, a análise desses saberes docentes como fenômeno social, que se constrói na interação do professor com seus alunos, com seus pares e demais membros da comunidade educacional.
Eksenel basınç kuvveti ve eğilme momentine maruz çelik boruların performans kriterlerinin saptanması
Authors: KAYA Ercan Şerif
Published: April 2023

Gömülü boru hatları su, doğalgaz ve petrol gibi hayati öneme sahip ürünlerin taşınması ve dağıtılması amacıyla kullanılan kritik alt yapı elemanlarıdır. Bu tür enerji nakil sistemleri, güzergahları üzerinde fay hatları ile kesişebilmekte, kesişim açısına bağlı olarak kalıcı zemin deformasyonları etkisinde çekme ve basınç gerilmelerine maruz kalabilmekte ve ciddi hasarlar alabilmektedirler. Tasarım ilkesi açısından çelik borularının çekme göçmesine maruz kalması beklenir. Fakat mecburi güzergâh sebebiyle ters ya da bazı yanal atımlı fayların kesilmesi gerektiği durumlarda net eksenel basınç kuvvetleri altında prematüre göçmeler yaşanabilmektedir. Mevcut yönetmeliğe göre, deprem etkisi altında kalan boru hatları için belirtilen tasarım esasları, kesintisiz kullanım ve kontrollü hasar durumları için tarif edilmiş en büyük eksenel çekme ve basınç birim yer değiştirme değerlerine göre sınırlandırılmıştır. Ancak, boruların özellikle basınç altındaki burkulma sonrası ileri seviye performansları yeteri kadar bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, özelikle borularda basınç kaybı ve hasar oluşumuna sebebiyet veren eksenel basınç ve eğilme momenti altındaki limit durumları incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, Türkiye’de bulunan mevcut boru hatlarını karakterize edecek şekilde, su isale (Kullar), doğalgaz (TANAP) ve petrol (BTC) boru hatlarına ait D/t oranları ile malzeme karakteristik özellikleri dikkate alınarak üç boyutlu sonlu elemanlar modeli yardımıyla birleşik yükleme koşulları altındaki davranışları incelenmiştir. Böylelikle, ötelenme miktarlarına ve rotasyon miktarlarına bağlı olarak borularda oluşacak limit durumlar belirlenmiştir. Söz konusu çalışma sonuçlarının ülkemizdeki boru hatlarının performans tabanlı tasarımlarında kullanılması beklenmektedir.
Türkiye’de ikinci el araçların büyük veri ve makine öğrenme teknikleriyle analizi ve fiyat tahmini
Authors: GÜLMEZ Burak , KULLUK Sinem
Published: April 2023

Türkiye’de ikinci el araç piyasası her zaman hareketli olmuştur. İkinci el araç piyasasında marka, model, yakıt türü gibi özelliklerin ne kadar yoğunlukta olduğu, ne kadar fiyata etki ettiği gibi faktörler analiz edilerek, bu bilgiler kullanışlı hale getirilebilir. Araçların çeşitli özelliklerine göre fiyatları değişmektedir. Fiyatları tahmin edebilmek için makine öğrenme teknikleri kullanılabilir ve kullanıcıların araç satarken veya alırken fiyat belirlemelerine yardımcı olabilir. Fiyat tahmini, veri madenciliğinin bir görevi olan fonksiyon tahmini veya regresyon sınıfına girmektedir. İkinci el araç sayısı oldukça fazla olduğundan dolayı bu çalışmada analizler yapılırken büyük veri sistemleri kullanılmıştır. Apache Spark ve makine öğrenme kütüphanesi bunun için oldukça kullanışlıdır. Fiyat tahmini için doğrusal regresyon, karar ağacı regresyonu, rastgele orman regresyonu, GBT regresyonu, izotonik regresyon algoritmaları kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan algoritmalar ile araçların fiyat tahmini yapılmıştır ve en yüksek başarıyı 21435,09 RMSE ve 0,887 R2 değerleriyle rastgele orman algoritması elde etmiştir. Rasgele orman algoritması ve diğer algoritmalarla elde edilen RMSE ve R2 değerleri arasında anlamlı bir farklılık olup olmadığını kontrol için yapılan istatistiksel testler sonucunda, rasgele orman algoritması ile elde edilen sonuçların daha iyi olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Rasgele orman algoritmasının daha iyi sonuçlar vermesinin nedeni, algoritmanın birden çok karar ağacı üzerinden eğitim gerçekleştirmesi, esnekliği ve güçlü hiper parametrelere sahip olmasıdır.
Infection ofBiomphalaria glabratasnails with Schistosoma mansoni miracidia v2
Authors: K Buddenborg Sarah
Published: April 2023

To infect Biomphalaria glabrata snails with miracidia hatched from Schistosoma mansoni eggs
Source characterization using simplified waveforms: Tests on earthquakes and nuclear explosions in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Zhang Jiajun
Published: April 2023

Complete waveforms with periods longer than 30 sec recorded at teleseismic and regional distances are used to characterize the source of several earthquakes and underground nuclear explosions in the Lop Nor area, Xinjiang, China. Propagation effects of Earth's heterogeneities on data for several auxiliary events with well-constrained source mechanisms, in the vicinity of the primary event, are calibrated by frequency-domain division of each pair of observed and synthetic waveforms, with the synthetics being computed for a reference Earth model. The frequency-dependent deconvolution filters obtained for the auxiliary events are interpolated to construct a predicted deconvolution filter, which is convolved with observed waveforms for the primary event to remove the empirically determined propagation effects and to obtain simplified waveforms that are intrinsically well predicted by the reference Earth model. These waveforms are then inverted for the source mechanism and centroid time, location, and depth of the primary event. The inversion yields a centroid depth of 13 km for the 7 September 1994 earthquake (mb = 5.1), significantly shallower than the 33-km depth reported previously from routine determinations. The centroid depth of the 5 October 1993 nuclear explosion plus tectonic release is estimated at approximately 4 km, while the depth of the 21 May 1992 explosion plus tectonic release is less well resolved and may be deeper than 5 km, reflecting limited resolution of the passband used here. With extension to shorter-period energy, the method holds promise for reliable source inversion for small events in a calibrated region.
Size distributions for large and small earthquakes
Authors: Scholz Christopher H.
Published: April 2023

Small and large earthquakes obey different scaling laws and inhabit distinct populations, both characterized by power laws with different exponents. When considering earthquakes on a single fault or fault segment, the one large earthquake that occurs during a seismic cycle is discontinuous with the population of small earthquakes. Here it is shown that these two observations, together with the scaling laws, are self-consistent when proper account is taken of the size distribution of faults.
Calculation of IOL Optical Power Using OKULIX Ray-Tracing Software in Real Clinical Practice
Authors: Pershin K. B. , Pashinova N. F. , Tsygankov A. Yu. , Kosova I. V.
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Comparative analysis of the accuracy of IOL optical power calculation using different biometric devices.

Patients and methods. The study included 30 patients (30 eyes) after monolateral implantation of different monofocal and multifocal IOL models with a mean follow-up of 3.0 ± 0.2 (3–4) months. The mean age was 63.5 ± 6.5 (48–84) years. In all cases, IOL implantation was preceded by cataract phacoemulsification or refractive lensectomy. For all patients, IOL optic power, axial length and keratometry data were obtained using IOLMaster 500, Pentacam HR, and Pentacam AXL+OKULIX devices. Clareon, IQ Vivity, Hoya 250/251, and XY1-SP Vivinex IOLs were implanted.

Results. The mean optical power for all implanted IOLs was +21.38 ± 3.50 D, range of values was +10.0 to +29.0 D. The average values of axial eye length were 23.50 ± 0.90 mm (21.25 to 25.19 mm). The target refractive IOLs optic power calculated with the three biometric systems did not differ significantly and was -0.464 ± 0.120 D, -0.502 ± 0.140 D, and -0.400 ± 0.110 D for IOLMaster, Pentacam, and Pentacam+OKULIX, respectively (p > 0.05). The Pentacam HR and Pentacam AXL+OKULIX had slightly lower MAE values; however, no significant differences were found in calculating IOL optical power for the three devices used (p > 0.05). When comparing the devices under study, significant differences were found for the rate of refractive power within ±0.5 D when using the IOLMaster on the one hand and OKULIX on the other (p < 0.05). The refractive error rate of ±1.0 D using the biometric devices did not differ significantly (p > 0.05).

Conclusion. This paper presents the first Russian experience of using OKULIX ray-tracing software in clinical practice to increase the accuracy of optical power calculation of various IOL models. The advantage of Pentacam AXL+OKULIX over the IOLMaster 500 biometer in achieving a target refraction of ±0.5 D is shown.
Ecotourism research: a bibliometric review
Authors:   Tourism Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Dinç Abdurrahman , Bahar Mehmet ,   School of Applied Sciences, Cappadocia University, Nevşehir, Topsakal Yunus ,   Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Alanya HEP University, Antalya
Published: April 2023

The paper aims to examine the trends and evolution of ecotourism research in the last 20 years, highlighting co-citations, collaborations, and emerging research themes. A total of 1387 ecotourism-related research from the Web of Science (WoS) database from 1991 to 2021 were analyzed in some bibliometric analyses using CiteSpace V software. The WoS database was scanned using the terms “ecotourism” and “eco-tourism.” While scanning, the “Hospitality, Leisure, Sport, and Tourism” field was selected for filtering, and articles published by September 12, 2021, were accessed. The most frequently studied cluster of topics related to ecotourism includes the creation of local benefits, ecotourism intentions, and community empowerment. The three most frequently used keywords related to ecotourism are “ecotourism,” “tourism,” and “conservation.” The outcome of this research constitutes a unique contribution to the area of ecotourism. The study provides an in-depth bibliometric analysis of publications and identification of important research trends. It also identifies possible avenues for future research in the knowledge domain of ecotourism.
Coexistence of lung cancer in a patient with non-tuberculous mycobacteria
Authors: Vinod Sushmita , Ganesan Natesh , Sowmitha S. G.  , Vadivelu Gangadharan
Published: April 2023

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) may mimic lung carcinoma as a solitary mass or miliary nodules, the coexistence of NTM and lung carcinoma is rare. The diagnosis may be delayed due to a high initial index of suspicion for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex rather than malignancy in an endemic country like India. We report a rare case of 47-year-old male who presented with exertional dyspnea, cough with expectoration and fever was initially treated with anti-tuberculous drugs following a mycobacterium avium complex growth in BAL cultures. Despite treatment, patient’s condition worsened, and computed tomography (CT) guided biopsy was done which showed adenocarcinoma. This case report highlights that a lung biopsy is a necessity for accurate diagnosis, and a positive NTM culture doesn't always exclude a concomitant lung carcinoma.
Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis diagnosed in adulthood: a case report
Authors: Veena Charishma R. P.  , Vinod Sushmita , Gangadharan Vadivelu  , Anbumaran P. Mani
Published: April 2023

Isolated pulmonary artery agenesis (UPAA) diagnosed in adulthood is a rare congenital anomaly. It occurs during embryological development where there is a fusion failure between sixth aortic arch and pulmonary truck of affected side. Here we report a case of an adult patient with isolated unilateral right pulmonary artery aplasia.
Need for restoration of non-carious cervical lesions – A literature review
Authors: Sreedhara Yashwanth
Published: April 2023

In present scenario, restoring non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) is clinically common. Major reasons for this are increased elderly population, the decreasing levels of tooth loss, and possible increase in the etiologies. These factors are poor brushing technique due to which gums recede, consumption of corrosive foods and beverages, and occlusal stress concentrators (occlusal disorders, premature contact, clenching, and bruxism habits. Unfortunately, Class V restorations are known to be less durable type and they have high index of retention loss, marginal residues and secondary caries. Other problems include isolation, insertion, cutting, finishing, and polishing. The present work aims to help the dentist choose best treatment strategy, which mainly involves the stages of problem identification, diagnosis, elimination or etiological treatment and if require restoration. Finally, appropriate recovery methods are suggested for each situation.
Flouride and dental health in twenty – first century –A review
Authors: Kaur Kuljeet , Kyasanoor Shiva Prasad
Published: April 2023

Tooth decay is one of the most common infectious microbiological diseases in the world. Dental cavities are now less common than it was before water fluoridation was put into place. Fluoride toothpastes are of a high calibre and excellent at preventing tooth decay. Fluoride therapy administered by a specialist helps prevent dental caries. Common fluoride agents include sodium fluoride (NaF), sodium monofluorophosphate, stannous fluoride, and silver diamine fluoride. Fluorides are essential in the prevention of dental caries because they are therapeutically used to inactivate early carious lesions. Dental fluorosis brought on by unintentional ingestion has also been connected to early exposure to fluoride toothpaste.
Comparative evaluation of various surface contaminants on the microleakage between 7th and 8th generation bonding agent: An in vitro study
Authors: Yagnik Krushnangi , Patel Mahendra , Patel Nishtha , Shah Shilpa , Chaudhary Harshvardhan
Published: April 2023

To evaluate, the effect of, various surface contaminants on the microleakage between 7 Generation (G-Bond, GC) and 8 Generation Bonding Agent (G-Premio, GC).

Ninety freshly extracted maxillary human premolars were collected for the study. They were randomly divided into two groups (n=45), Group 1-7 Generation and Group 2- 8 Generation. They were further subdivided into 3 sub-groups (n=15): a) Control b) Saliva c) Blood. A Class V cavity was prepared on the buccal surface. Samples of both the groups were applied with bonding agent and according to respective sub-group were contaminated with saliva and blood, before curing the bonding agent, then restored with Composite material. The samples were subjected to thermocycling and prepared for dye immersion. Samples were immersed in 2% Methylene Blue dye for 24 hours and later sectioned buccolingually. Each half of the buccolingually sectioned samples was observed under stereomicroscope under the power of 10x and 40x.

Result was obtained using the Chi Square Test.

In Group 1, minimum microleakage is observed in control group, and maximum in those contaminated with blood. In Group 2, maximum microleakage is observed in samples contaminated with blood and the microleakage in samples of control group and those contaminated with saliva is almost same and less than that observed in blood.

8 Generation shows better performance than 7 Generation Bonding Agent.

Contamination from blood and saliva, during bonding leads to a grave outcome of microleakage, during restoration with composite. But, with newer generation of bonding agents, it seems to be a ray of hope at the dawn of preventing microleakage to quite an extent.
Application of Drill Cuttings Recovery Technology with the Production of Building Material on the Example of a Deposit in Western Siberia
Authors: Gayevaya E.V. , Tarasova S.S. , Solonina V.A.
Published: April 2023

A technology for disposing drill cuttings with the production of building materials that meet existing standards, are environmentally friendly and cost-effective on an industrial scale is presented. The article describes the building materials production which allows the disposal of drilling cuttings in parallel with the drilling of oil wells to reduce the time and area of the allotted territories for the construction of waste storage facilities.
Ecological Capacity of Territory: Сlassifications of Аpproaches and Еvaluation Сriteria
Authors: Kopylov I.S. , Krasilnikov P.A. , Kletskina O.V.
Published: April 2023

The concept of ecological capacity of the territory; and methods of its assessment are considered, classifications of approaches and criteria for assessing the capacity of the environment are given.
Utilização dos Arquivos Climáticos IWEC, SWERA, INMET, TRY e TMY da Cidade de Belém-PA para Análise de Desempenho Térmico Estrutural
Authors: Sousa David Lohan Pereira de , Nobre Jean Carlos de Almeida , Borges Larissa dos Santos , Andrade Luiz Claudio Fialho , Vaz Jerson Rogério Pinheiro , Vale Silvio Bispo do , Sousa Daniel José Lima de
Published: April 2023

A pesquisa objetivou analisar o desempenho térmico de um edifício padrão na cidade de Belém-PA através de uma simulação numérica. Para isso, foram utilizados os softwares SketchUp, OpenStudio, EnergyPlus e DView, juntamente com os arquivos climáticos IWEC, SWERA, INMET, TRY e TMY. A análise das curvas de duração mostrou que o arquivo climático TRY resultou em melhor conforto térmico, com 33,8% do período anual dentro dos parâmetros definidos pela norma ISO 9241 (2011). Os resultados da simulação foram comparados com dados externos referentes à cidade de Belém-PA, disponíveis no Climate Data, e foi constatado que houve variações significativas nas temperaturas médias e máximas. Entre os arquivos climáticos, o arquivo climático da base INMET apresentou as menores variações em relação aos dados reais da temperatura externa da cidade. A simulação também resultou em dados da radiação solar direta, radiação solar difusa, temperatura de bulbo seco do ar, temperatura de bulbo úmido do ar, além de variação das temperaturas médias, mínimas e máximas e desvio padrão mensais ao longo do ano de 2022. Em conclusão, a simulação numérica permite uma avaliação precisa das condições climáticas que afetam uma estrutura, e o confronto com os dados externos da cidade resultou em variações significativas nas temperaturas médias e máximas. O arquivo climático INMET foi identificado como o mais preciso em relação às cargas da cidade. A utilização desta abordagem pode ser extremamente útil para projetos de construção que visem maximizar o conforto térmico e minimizar o consumo de energia.
О kilku aspektach ofiary jako zjawisku moralnym
Authors: Schuttpelz Peter
Published: April 2023

Понятие мертвы (Opfer) надо отличат» от таких понятий нам Отрeзнание (Verzicht), отнаэ (Entsagen), а также дар (Geschenk), Жертва является необходимой формой действия, возникшей в свя с условиями жиэни человека. Суть евэто добровольное отрече ние от каких - то собственных благ с той целью, чтобы победила к зная - то определённая идея, дела, чтобы принести пользу обчеству или отдельным лицам. Необходимо считать ценной не только самую жертву как фактически выполненное действие, на такте и caм вид мертвы, а также склонность к желанию приносить жертву. Hapтaa становится материальной ценностью только тогда, когда в нннретной исторической ситуации объективно служит благу единиц и общества, если служит делу гуманизма и общественного прогресса. В социалистическом обществе конкретные ситуации танже требуют от людей жертв, что однако не значит, что целью коммунисти-ческого движений является, -посвящение единицы для общества, трактовка человека нак инструмента истории.
О niektórych problemach badania chemicznej formy ruchu materii
Authors: Nagyné Krajkó Erzsébet
Published: April 2023

Ссылаясь на предположения марксистской философии, а также и на современные естественные науни (в связи с кпассифинацией форм движения материй по Энгельсу) автор пытается определить специ фику тан называемой химичесиой формы движения материи. Рассуждает о дефиниции понятия химичесиой формы движения, связях между химической и физической формами движения материи, анализирует типы взаимодействия между элементами физического объекта внушая, что это моюет служить исходным пунктом для структуральной классификации материальных рбъектоЯ. Тан как химическую форму движения, в связи, с проявленивм в ней различного типа взаимодействий, автср считает гетерогеничной, то предлагает употреблять понятие - группа химических Форм движения. Иган, химический урсвень сложности материи не имеет однородного характера. Процессы химического видоизменения выступают также i в сочетании с процессами иного типа.
Ocena atrakcyjności inwestycji w akcje spółek społecznie odpowiedzialnych na podstawie indeksu RECPECT
Authors: Gołaszewska-Kaczan Urszula , Kilon Jarosław , Marcinkiewicz Jacek
Published: April 2023

In both theory and practice, it is emphasised that engaging in CSR actions brings
many benefits to companies. One of the commonly listed advantages is more trust
from investors, which enables the achievement of superior returns from securities
issued by socially responsible firms. The paper endeavours to investigate whether
this benefit can be also noticed among businesses in the Polish index of socially
responsible companies RESPECT. The study involves firms included in the RESPECT
index from its inception (November 2011) to the end of 2015. The authors
compared the RESPECT index with selected Polish market indices between 2009
and 2015. Empirical studies, based on an analysis of returns, risk, dividend yields
and shareholder structure, facilitated the assessment of the attractiveness of investments
in the shares of socially responsible businesses against the background of
other firms quoted on the Warsaw Stock Exchange.
Etyczne problemy w pracy na podstawie opinii pracowników wybranych banków
Authors: Rogowski Robert
Published: April 2023

The paper presents ethical problems of employees in selected banks in Poland. The
theoretical part of the paper deals with codes of ethics in banking, especially those
concerning the moral aspects of working in banking. The empirical part of the paper
presents the results of research on the ethos of bank workers. Quantitative and qualitative
analyses were carried out using a specialist Internet forum devoted to the
banking sector. The study includes an analysis of hundreds of comments posted on
an Internet forum.
Dialéctica e retórica na República de Platão
Authors: Costa Admar da
Published: April 2023

En el Libro V de la República, Sócrates, viéndose obligado a retomar la discusión sobre la comunidad de mujeres y niños, señala los diversos riesgos que rodean tal tema, así como la gran dificultad inherente al método de quien, en sus palabras, «duda e investiga mientras habla» (República 451a).
En torno a los sentidos de ψεῦδος en República II, 382a-383c
Authors: Macías Julián
Published: April 2023

La cuestión de la posibilidad del λόγος falso ha acaparado la atención de Platón en muchos de sus diálogos, lo que sugiere que los argumentos esgrimidos por los sofistas en torno a este tema no fueron para él un mero juego de palabras, sino genuinos problemas a los que debió dar respuesta para construir su filosofía. De no demostrarse la posibilidad de la falsedad, ¿cómo imponer sus propias teorías por sobre las de sus rivales? Pues si es imposible pensar o decir lo falso, como argumentaban los sofistas, todo será semejantemente verdadero; aun las principales tesis contrarias al pensamiento platónico adquirirían estatus de verdad.
La relación πρὸς ἕν en el libro V de la Metafísica
Authors: Cerpa Estremadoyro Rafael
Published: April 2023

Desde la década de 1960 existe un interés creciente por un componente de la filosofía de Aristóteles que Owen llamó sentido focal y que algunos comentaristas antiguos denominaron homonimia πρὸς ἕν. Mientras que existen diferentes trabajos orientados a la aparición de la relación πρὸς ἕν en textos como el libro IV de la Metafísica, la Ética a Nicómaco y la Ética a Eudemo, poco se ha escrito sobre la aparición de este instrumento filosófico en el libro V de la Metafísica.
Disposição e determinismo em Aristóteles
Authors: Hobuss Juan
Published: April 2023

En De facto XXXIX, Cicerón hace la siguiente observación: «Los antiguos filósofos compartían dos opiniones: según unos, todo lo que sucede está sujeto al destino, al que dan fuerza de necesidad, tal era la opinión de Demócrito, Heráclito, Empédocles y Aristóteles.». Lo sorprendente de tal observación es el hecho de que vemos a Aristóteles incluido entre los defensores del destino, y por tanto de la necesidad. Según Hamelin (1978, p.36), la inclusión de Aristóteles como defensor de la doctrina de la fatalidad universal es realmente una sorpresa.
El uso aristotélico del género protréptico
Authors: Seggiaro Claudia
Published: April 2023

El género protréptico era una exhortación que tenía como objetivo realizar un elogio de determinadas prácticas y lograr que estas sean adoptadas por el auditorio al cual estaban dirigidas. En su juventud, Aristóteles no solo hizo uso de este género, sino que le habría dado el nombre de Protréptico a una de sus obras.
¿Unificación o visión indeterminada de lo Uno? La experiencia mística y el discurso alegorizante plotiniano
Authors: Martino Gabriel
Published: April 2023

La filosofía de Plotino posee un carácter distintivo que ha inclinado a los estudiosos a ver en ella un punto de inflexión en la historia de la filosofía. El pensamiento volcado en las Enéadas reúne, en efecto, una síntesis personal de los elementos doctrinarios platónicos que tomaron forma durante los siglos que precedieron a Plotino con un ahondamiento característico de la vena trascendente que siempre acompañó a la filosofía de los seguidores de Platón.