bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL Y EDUCACIÓN PARA LA CONSERVACIÓN. INICIATIVAS APLICADAS EN LA VEREDA MORTIÑAL DEL MUNICIPIO DE FÓMEQUE, CUNDINAMARCA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Clavijo Mejía Raúl Iván
Published: December 2021

En los últimos años la Educación Ambiental -EA- se ha convertido en una herramienta importante en diferentes esferas de la vida social, política y económica, con el fin de introducir en la cotidianidad la preocupación por el cambio climático y la naturaleza. Este artículo busca analizar las experiencias de dos iniciativas de EA en Fómeque, un municipio ubicado al oriente de Bogotá D.C, donde confluyen una iniciativa comunitaria llamada Proyecto La Rana y una iniciativa institucional llamada ECOPARCHE. A partir de la aplicación de entrevistas semiestructuradas y observación participante, se identifica que el Proyecto La Rana se enfoca en una EA que promueve la preservación de los ecosistemas, al tiempo que mantiene formas de ser y hacer de la cultura y producción campesina, teniendo como eje fundamental la comunicación comunitaria y veredal. Por otro lado, el ECOPARCHE desarrolla una EA para la conservación y para la legitimación de la presencia del Parque Nacional Natural Chingaza como autoridad ambiental en la zona. La EA aplicada en contextos rurales colombianos, requiere del posicionamiento de iniciativas a partir del reconocimiento de los saberes populares, del diálogo intergeneracional y del respeto entre los actores que confluyen en el territorio, para así trascender los muros de la escuela y demostrar la funcionalidad de los principios de estas propuestas.
COMPARISON OF FACE RECOGNITION ALGORITHMS FOR SURVEILLANCE OF CHILDREN USING OPENCV.
Authors: Kumar Sourabh , Kapoor Bhaskar Kapoor
Published: December 2021

Proposing a security system for surveillance of home alone children for safety purpose and send an alert to the register mobile number if some kind of intrusion is detected. I have used Viola-Jones algorithm to detect human face from the live camera and then frame is resized then resized image is processed by the Local Binary Pattern Histograms (LBPH) algorithm and save the model in a YML file and then it is implemented on live cam feed in which the algorithm will detect the face and if some unknown face has been identified it will trigger a notification to the registered mobile number using a python library named [Pywhatkit] so the user can perform security measures. Keywords: Face recognition, Open-CV, HAAR cascade, face recognition.
Communication Tools in New Product Development: Startup Companies’ Preferences Over Time
Authors: Kopplin Cristopher S.
Published: December 2021

Purpose

Communication is essential for successful new product development. Startup companies, in particular, need to meet market expectations to gain ground and become economically viable, and heavily rely on integrated platforms for communication and collaboration.

Approach

Two studies cover both the ideation and development phases of a three-step Stage-Gate process. Single-product choice-based conjoint analysis is used to investigate preferences for a communication software application on the feature level over startups’ life cycle to shed light on the adaptation of application use. Study 1 draws on a sample of 102, study 2 on a sample of 103 startup employees.

Findings

Collaboration application requirements widely differ across new product development stages, although text channel is the most important attribute for both, contrasting traditional media richness theory. Users favor automation that increases their control over communication mode choice, and prefer auto-transcription and speech-to-text. A simulation based on the results further reveals functionality gaps between user demands and market supply.

Originality

The study at hand provides initial empirical insights into adaptive system use of collaboration platforms using a conjoint approach. The feasibility of single-product choice-based conjoint analysis is established, providing a pathway for future research in a monadic context.
PENYULUHAN DAN PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SABUN HERBAL ALAMI (INOVASI PRODUK KREATIF MILLENIAL FOR ENTREPRENEUR)
Authors: Sartika Dewi , Patappari Amanda , Syarif Asriyanti
Published: December 2021

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang dikemas dalam bentuk penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan sabun herbal alami merupakan salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan inovasi dan kreatifitas kaum millennial muda Makassar dalam melihat potensi bisnis dari handmade sabun herbal alami. Tujuan dan target spesifik yang ingin dicapai adalah milenial muda mampu berkreasi dan menghasilkan sabun herbal alami yang unik, menarik dengan menonjolkan fungsionalitas sabun sehingga menghasilkan peningkatan nilai ekonomi, nilai guna, dan daya tarik sehingga bisa menjadi ciri khas produk dan menjadi pembeda dengan produk sabun herbal lainnya yang beredar dipasaran. Kegiatan Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan diadakan secara virtual dan diikuti oleh 126 peserta. Materi penyuluhan disajikan dengan memaparkan keunggulan handmade sabun herbal alami dengan jenis sabun komersial lainnya, pengaplikasian kreativitas dan inovasi dalam mengembangkan produk, dan potensi pengembangan bisnis handmade sabun herbal alami. Kegiatan pelatihan dilakukan dengan menunjukkan tahapan dan teknik pembuatan handmade sabun herbal alami dengan varian sereh wangi, kopi, dan arang aktif. Kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan pembuatan handmade sabun herbal alami terlaksana dengan baik, ketertarikan peserta terhadap penyajian materi dan pelatihan ditunjukkan melalui proses diskusi yang atraktif.  Hasil survey kepuasan peserta menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan yang dilaksanakan sangat menarik, mampu mengembangkan ide kreatif dan bermanfaat bagi para peserta dalam menambah pengetahuan, pengalaman dan keterampilan menjadi millennialpreneur.
Expediente v.10, n.3, 2021
Authors: Editorial Comitê
Published: December 2021

Informações sobre a elaboração do v.10, n.3 de set./dez. de 2021.
JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA SAÚDE: RESERVA DO POSSÍVEL E MÍNIMO EXISTENCIAL
Authors: Carvalho Eloá Carneiro , Soares Samira Silva Santos , Farias Sheila Nascimento Pereira de , Andrade Karla Biancha Silva de , Souza Pedro Hugo Dantas de Oliveira , Branco Vinícius Nemésio , Varella Thereza Christina Mó y Mó Loureiro , Souza Norma Valéria Dantas de Oliveira
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: analisar casos de judicialização da saúde, descrever seu desfecho e discutir as repercussões das decisões judiciais para o atendimento em saúde e o Sistema Único de Saúde. Método: estudo de caso, realizado em maio e julho de 2020, nos sítios do Tribunal de Justiça do Rio de Janeiro - Brasil, Tribunal Regional Federal da Segunda Região e Superior Tribunal de Justiça. A análise baseou-se na teoria da reserva do possível e mínimo existencial. Resultados: identificaram-se quatro casos sobre judicialização na saúde, os quais caracterizaram-se como mecanismo de garantia de direitos laboral, evidenciando a necessidade de mais eficiência nas políticas públicas para melhorar o acesso à saúde. Considerações finais: o dilema entre a vida humana e a economia apareceu nas decisões judiciais, e a judicialização apresentou-se como mecanismo de garantia de direitos. Contribuiu-se com a discussão sobre demandas judiciais na saúde e a baixa capacidade de atendimento às pessoas com necessidades complexas.
AMBIENTE DE PRÁTICA E A SEGURANÇA DO DOENTE NO BLOCO OPERATÓRIO: DIMENSÕES PREDITORAS
Authors: Mota Ana Sofia De Carvalho , Castilho Amélia Filomena Oliveira Mendes , Martins Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira
Published: December 2021

Objetivos: identificar o ambiente de prática percepcionado pelos enfermeiros perioperatórios e determinar as dimensões do ambiente de prática preditoras da segurança do doente. Método: estudo descritivo e explicativo, numa amostra de 1.001 enfermeiros de 24 hospitais portugueses (janeiro a outubro de 2018), utilizando o questionário Segurança do Doente no Bloco Operatório e a versão portuguesa do Practice Environment Scale - Work Nursing Index. Recurso à análise descritiva, alfa de Cronbach e método stepwise na análise do modelo de regressão linear. Resultados: a média global (M=2,49) do ambiente de prática indicia sua classificação como desfavorável. Os modelos de regressão revelam que todas as dimensões do ambiente são preditoras da segurança do doente no bloco operatório, destacando-se a dimensão “Fundamentos de enfermagem para qualidade dos cuidados”. Conclusão: este estudo permitiu evidenciar a influência do ambiente de prática na segurança do doente no contexto perioperatório e a necessidade de introdução de melhorias.
A importância da escola no processo de afirmação da identidade linguística Kiriri
Authors: Moraes Vanessa Coelho
Published: December 2021

Os Kiriri são do contexto etnológico do Nordeste, vivem no município de Banzaê-BA, e possuem um território demarcado de 12.320 hectares. Após passarem por um longo processo que culminou no fato de não saberem mais falar sua língua, apenas algumas palavras, iniciam um processo de afirmação identitária e de retomada territorial que envolveu sua língua e rituais. A ampliação dos seus conhecimentos linguísticos, seja por meio do registro do que os idosos sabem, seja do que aprendem sobre seu idioma no toré, efetiva a relação com seus antepassados e constitui os Kiriri no presente. Com base na pesquisa etnográfica realizada junto aos Kiriri em 2019, destaco como as escolas assumem lugar central na definição dos termos da política étnica, tornando-as espaços centrais na afirmação identitáriae na produção de saberes específicos. Neste artigo, as disputas e os desafios em torno do ensino das disciplinas Língua Indígena e Cultura e Identidade são o foco da análise.
Professores comprometidos: a interação social na orientação de trabalhos de conclusão de curso
Authors: Pavão Andréa
Published: December 2021

Neste artigo trabalhamos uma categoria nativa específica de pesquisa mais ampla sobre o papel do laço social entre orientadores e estudantes de graduação no desenvolvimento do Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso. Compreendemos que o manejo da cultura escrita depende de mediação social, e os modos diferenciais de sua apropriação reproduzem relações de poder entre seus usuários. Os professores se ressentem dos baixos níveis de proficiência de leitura e escrita dos estudantes. Compreende-se, entretanto, que o domínio da cultura escrita seja indispensável tanto para sua formação quanto atuação profissional. Como desenvolver essas habilidades na graduação? O desafio de produzir um TCC, sob orientação, parece estratégico. Entretanto, as condições materiais para o desenvolvimento desta empreitada não costumam ser atraentes. Neste ensaio nos detemos no trabalho improvável de certos atores sociais que, resistindo à lógica produtivista, reconhecem as dificuldades dos alunos e se dedicam a esta tarefa pouco valorizada profissionalmente. Estes professores são representados pelo termo nativo comprometidos.
População em situação de rua: direitos e contradições
Authors: De Souza Dias Layliene Kawane
Published: December 2021

O presente artigo visa apresentar o fenômeno população em situação de rua e o resgate histórico do direito habitacional no Brasil bem como elaborar um perfil acerca dos serviços e políticas públicas e sociais destinadas a essa população na região do Litoral Paranaense. Através de revisão bibliográfica e documental o artigo apresenta estudos e referenciais teóricos por meio da área de ciências sociais, incluindo estudos da área do Serviço Social, sobre a população em situação de rua, direito à habitação e políticas públicas e sociais, caracteriza ainda as políticas setoriais de atendimento a estes usuários e, por fim, identifica as legislações da região do litoral paranaense que possuam como segmento social a que se destine sua função fim a população em situação de rua. O artigo por fim conclui que apesar de algumas conquistas ao longo da trajetória de reivindicações junto ao movimento nacional da população em situação de rua e reconhecimento legal dessa população por meio de normativas e documentos institucionais, ainda há um longo caminho a ser percorrido para efetivação dos direitos da população em situação de rua, ainda hoje marginalizada e invisibilizada pela gestão pública.
Research on Countermeasures to Improve the Effect of Case Teaching in Western Economics Course
Authors: Zhou Zejiong , Han Li
Published: December 2021

A perfect case teaching process is the premise to ensure the case effect of western economics course. At present, there are many deficiencies in the case teaching process of western economics course in China. This paper first analyzes the shortcomings in the case teaching process of western economics course, puts forward perfect ideas, and then points out how to correctly deal with the relationship between case teaching and theoretical teaching, the relationship between teachers' leadership and students' subject, the relationship between case teaching methods and students' quality.
Exploration and Practical Research on the Integration of Modeling Thought into Economics Teaching in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Tang Xinyun
Published: December 2021

How to make students apply their theoretical knowledge to practice and complete the teaching objectives of macro and micro economics through economics teaching reform is a common concern of teachers majoring in economic management in many colleges and universities. Starting from the necessity and significance of modeling thought in economics teaching, this paper demonstrates the practical application of mathematical modeling in economics teaching, and puts forward the way of integrating modeling thought into economics teaching in Colleges and universities.
“Ubi proceditur ex praesumptionibus minuitur poena”. Qualità della prova e quantità della pena secondo la Doctrina Innocentii
Authors: Rossi Doria Marta
Published: December 2021

Nel processo inquisitorio romano-canonico, una rigida applicazione delle regole del sistema di prova legale non avrebbe reso possibile la condanna di un imputato gravato da soli indizi e presunzioni, ponendo non pochi ostacoli all’amministrazione della giustizia criminale, orientata al principio dell’interesse pubblico alla persecuzione dei reati. Un’affermazione di Innocenzo IV contenuta nel commento al c. Quia verisimile (X 2.23.10) aprì la via alla condanna presuntiva: il giudice avrebbe potuto condannare l’imputato in assenza di piena prova, a patto di infliggere una pena ridotta. Nella sua formulazione originale la massima innocenziana non rappresentava più che una raccomandazione di prudenza. Fu l’elaborazione dottrinale a trasformarla, oltre le intenzioni del suo autore, in uno strumento capace di incidere sulla teorica rigidità del sistema di prova legale, ammettendo discrezionalità nel modulare la pena e nell’applicarla anche in situazioni di carenza di prova. In questo dibattito, che il presente studio intende analizzare nelle sue tappe fondamentali, il contributo dei decretalisti ha avuto un peso di primo piano: anche per tale via si manifesta il ruolo centrale assunto dalla scienza canonistica nella riflessione dottrinale sulla teoria della prova legale.
Fuggire la giustizia, giustiziare i fuggitivi: osservazioni preliminari sull’evasione dal carcere nel diritto comune
Authors: Donati Giacomo Alberto
Published: December 2021

Il tema dell’evasione dal carcere risulta essere tra quelli attorno ai quali, in epoca di utrumque ius, si appuntò l’attenzione tanto della dottrina civilistica quanto di quella canonistica (oltre che di grandi nomi della cultura occidentale come Tommaso d’Aquino). Attraverso il ricorso a diversi generi letterari (commentaria, tractatus, consilia, decisiones, practicae), il presente contributo si prefigge il compito di illustrare alcune delle conclusioni più rilevanti sul tema, prendendo specialmente in considerazione quel torno di tempo dato dal tramontare del Medioevo nella prima Modernità.
The Ladins and their history of legal resilience
Authors: Gómez Biamón José Rafael
Published: December 2021

The Ladins of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol are an ethnic minority with an ancient history, located in the Dolomites Mountains, a place associated with extreme beauty and rugged land. Under the Italian Constitution, Ladins have acquired several legal rights connected with their language and history.Ladins have a history dating to the Roman Empire. Located in a strategic place, with Alpine valleys and mountain paths that connect the Italian Peninsula with Central Europe, several Germanic tribes after the end of the Roman Empire invaded and established themselves in the zone, enforcing their customs and laws. Those so-called “barbaric laws” together with Carolingian and Ecclesiastical law gave birth to a particular system of law during the Middle Ages.Afterward, Ladins became part of the Holy Roman Empire, and later, part of the House of Habsburg. During the aftermath of World War I, Italy obtained the region from the Austrian-Hungarian Empire in the peace treaty of Saint Germain-en-Laye of 1919.The Italian experience with the Ladins started soon after World War I with several publications taking the task of understanding the origins of their language and its people. Ever since, Italian interest in the Ladins has not ceased. In 1998 the Italian Constitutional Court recognized the Ladin people their right to be represented in regional institutions, answering to the historical and social reality of Alto Adige/Südtirol.Consequently, the legal resilience of the Ladins gives testimony of a long history of peaceful victories for their rights, associated with the Ladin language, in the context of judicial procedures, political participation, and legislation.In comparison, Ladins living in other regions of Italy like Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia have not reached the same level of autonomy and privileges as those in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.
Eccessiva durata del processo e responsabilità disciplinare dei magistrati: il ritardo nel deposito dei provvedimenti fra storia e attualità
Authors: Bianchi Riva Raffaella , Spaccapelo Chiara
Published: December 2021

Il tema dell’eccessiva durata dei processi e delle sue conseguenze pregiudizievoli sull’effettività della tutela giudiziaria rappresenta, da sempre, uno dei principali nodi del rapporto tra giustizia e opinione pubblica.Sin dall’unificazione italiana, la questione è stata affrontata per lo più sul piano delle riforme del processo e dell’ordinamento giudiziario, senza, tuttavia, la predisposizione di adeguati interventi in grado di incidere sull’organizzazione delle strutture e del personale. Se soltanto di recente il nostro ordinamento ha approntato strumenti di tutela diretta al principio della ragionevole durata del processo, formalizzato nell’art. 111 Cost., la responsabilità disciplinare dei magistrati per ritardo nel deposito dei provvedimenti ha rappresentato, sin dall’inizio del Novecento, uno degli strumenti principali non solo per reprimere gli episodi più gravi (oggi determinanti addirittura un danno erariale da disservizio), ma anche per restituire credibilità alla funzione giudiziaria, nell’ambito delle complesse dinamiche relative al rapporto tra magistratura e società.Lo studio mira a valutare se, in assenza di idonei strumenti normativi volti ad evitare o quantomeno a contenere il fenomeno della lunghezza dei procedimenti, gli interventi della giurisprudenza, prima, della Suprema corte disciplinare e, dopo, della Sezione disciplinare del Consiglio superiore della magistratura, chiamate a sanzionare gli illeciti dei singoli magistrati, siano stati in grado, nella difficoltà di trovare un equilibrio tra standard di rendimento e carichi esigibili, di rispondere in maniera soddisfacente al contenimento dei tempi del processo e alla riduzione dell'arretrato, obiettivi tra i principali del PNRR.
I notai nella cultura medievale italiana
Authors: Cammarosano Paolo
Published: December 2021

L’autore spiega come l’importanza dei notai in ambito urbano (un ambito che dal punto di vista culturale era dal secolo XII dominante rispetto ai territori) fosse molto superiore alla loro presenza numerica, che ruotava intorno al 4% della popolazione cittadina. Questa importanza derivava dal fatto che l’intervento notarile era imprescindibile nella redazione sia degli atti privati che delle scritture delle pubbliche amministrazioni. Poiché l’ascesa al notariato era principalmente il fatto di maestri artigiani, così l’acquisizione della professione notarile era il vertice di una doppia mobilità sociale, dall’acquisizione della maestranza artigiana, partendo normalmente dal discepolato, al passo successivo del notariato. Imprescindibile per questo passo era la padronanza della lingua latina, unica ammessa alla scrittura. Da questa padronanza i notai potevano ascendere a ruoli pubblici importanti e alla confezione di opere letterarie e scientifiche, dove il loro peso fu molto superiore a quel 4%. L’autore illustra il paesaggio di queste scritture e dell’epoca d’oro degli anni 1240-1340 circa.
Verso il superamento della tradizione. Rottura e continuità nella professione notarile tra antico regime e primo Ottocento: il caso di Milano
Authors: Salvi Stefania T.
Published: December 2021

Il contributo intende esaminare i caratteri del notariato milanese nel delicato momento di passaggio dall’antico regime alla successiva età napoleonica, quando l’ideologia della Rivoluzione, esportata dalle armate napoleoniche, comportò, nello specifico settore notarile, l’abbandono delle eterogenee funzioni che avevano caratterizzato i notai settecenteschi, in continuo bilanciamento tra ‘privato’ e ‘pubblico’, e l’affermarsi di una serie di nuovi, fondamentali principi. Si studierà, in particolare, il caso di Milano che, dopo aver conosciuto alcuni cambiamenti di rilievo sul finire dell’ancien régime, come la nascita dell’Archivio pubblico (1775), la riforma giuseppina del reclutamento dei notai e il Regolamento generale per i notari della Lombardia austriaca (1794), visse, prima da capitale del Regno d’Italia napoleonico e poi nella realtà politica del Regno Lombardo-Veneto, un’intensa stagione di vivaci dibattiti in merito all’opportunità e alle modalità di innovare una professione, da tempo esercitata in maniera proteiforme da un ceto, tutt’altro che compatto, in cui si distinguevano operatori molto diversi tra loro per cultura e provenienza sociale. Senza apparentemente soffrire i frenetici rivolgimenti politici della prima metà dell’Ottocento, i notai lombardi si dimostrarono una categoria operosa, capace di adattarsi ai tempi nuovi, non più frenati, nella loro ascesa sociale e professionale, dai vincoli imposti dalla società di antico regime.
Compuestos organometálicos y de coordinación: Más que sólo una buena relación de metales de transición y moléculas orgánicas
Authors: Osorio-Yáñez Rebeca Nayely , Morales Morales David
Published: December 2021

La química organometálica y de coordinación ha sido la inspiración de muchos científicos alrededor del mundo durante décadas debido a que las aplicaciones en las que los compuestos organometálicos y de coordinación han encontrado cabida, son diversos y estimulantes, tal es el caso de la catálisis, en la síntesis de metalodrogas o en la activación de moléculas pequeñas como CO2, H2, CH4 y N2. La síntesis de estos compuestos per se es interesante y el estudio de su reactividad ha permitido el desarrollo de procesos más eficientes y selectivos que permiten que nuestra vida cotidiana sea, no solamente más cómoda y duradera, sino más amigable con la naturaleza. En este artículo de revisión se presenta un panorama general de los avances que se han tenido a partir de la síntesis de los primeros compuestos inorgánicos hasta nuestros días y que han permitido el nacimiento de una plétora de subáreas que siguen siendo motivación para nosotros y para muchos grupos de investigación en el mundo. De igual manera se presentan las perspectivas a las que estas investigaciones apuntan a futuro con la finalidad de motivar al lector(a) a que siga por el estimulante camino del estudio de la química organometálica y de coordinación.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.54167/tecnociencia.v15i3.855
Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 10, No. 6, 2021
Authors: Sun Susan
Published: December 2021

Reviewer Acknowledgements for International Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 10, No. 6, 2021
Effect of a comic story on orphan children's knowledge and hand washing practice about pandemic of COVID-19
Authors: Nafee Hoda Mohamed , Elguoshy Eman Abd Elsamea , Samra Omayma Mustafa Abu
Published: December 2021

World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic in 11th of March 2020. COVID-19 that disrupts Children’s growth and development, friendships, daily routines and has a negative consequence for their well-being, development and protection. About 1 in 3 children hospitalized with COVID-19 in the United States were admitted to the intensive care unit. Aim: The aim of this study was evaluating the effect of a comic story on children’s knowledge and hand washing practices about pandemic of COVID-19. Study design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: Nour Al-Huda Charitable Society that caring males and females orphaned children in separate setting Sample: A convenient sample including all children in the orphanage, there was 41 children and their age range between 3 to less than 12 years. Tools of data collection: An interview questionnaire sheet as a tool one that had two parts first one concerned with sociodemographic data of children and second one assessed children’s knowledge about pandemic of COVID-19, an observational check list sheet as a tool two and had two parts; where part one assessed facilities required for applying precautionary measures inside the home, while part two assessed children’s hand washing practice inside the home. Results: there was a statistically significant differences between the total children’s knowledge regarding COVID-19 and total observed practice score regarding correct technique of hand washing pre/post comic story implementation. Conclusion: It was concluded that the implementation of a comic story had improved children’s total mean score of knowledge and hand washing practice regarding COVID-19 with statistically significant differences of both in relation to pre and post comic story implementation. Recommendations: The study recommended that to breakdown the ring of transmission of COVID-19; the collaboration between governmental and non-governmental agencies and stakeholders are main supporters for those children via appropriate  and friendly communication tools that improve their knowledge; practice and also providing those setting by funding and resources for applying precautionary measures of COVID-19 with periodical follow up for personals, setting, services and resources.
Gap Year Research Fellowship Opportunities for Medical Students Interested in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Clark Sean C. , Brown Symone M. , Mulcahey Mary K.
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Orthopaedic surgery is becoming an increasingly competitive specialty. The purpose of this study was to identify existing orthopaedic research fellowships in the United States and to determine important characteristics including the number of positions offered by each program and the average number of publications from completing the program.

Methods:

An online search was performed to identify year-long orthopaedic research fellowship programs available for medical students and recent medical school graduates. The number of positions per program and average number of publications of recent program graduates were also obtained.

Results:

A total of 30 research fellowship programs were identified throughout the United States (13 in the northeast; six in the south; nine in the midwest; and two in the west) that are offered consistently each year. The average number of fellows per program was 3.1 (range 1 to 10) and the average number of publications was 10.8 (range 2 to 20).

Conclusion:

At least 30 orthopaedic research fellowships in the United States are available to students who are looking to acquire more research experience and strengthen their application for orthopaedic residency. These fellowships can help medical students increase their probability of matching into orthopaedics through publications, networking, and clinical exposure.
Pilotski prevzem video posnetkov in digitalnih fotografij
Authors: Majerič Kekec Nataša
Published: December 2021

V prispevku je predstavljen potek pilotskega prevzema video posnetkov in digitalnih fotografij gledaliških predstav Mestnega gledališča Ptuj in sicer vrednotenje in priprava popisa gradiva ter priprava dodatnega strokovne tehničnega navodila v izvedbi Zgodovinskega arhiva na Ptuju.
Postopek prevzema in problematika oblikovanja SIP paketov na primeru zvočnih zapisov Državnega zbora Republike Slovenija
Authors: Glavič Jože , Gotovina Vesna , Krivec Klavdija , Koncilija Žiga , Hajtnik Tatjana
Published: December 2021

Vzpostavitev postopka izročitve oz. prevzemanja elektronskega arhivskega gradiva predstavlja eno izmed ključnih nalog v okviru projekta vzpostavitve slovenskega elektronske arhiva oz. projekta e-ARH.si (2016-2021). Skladno s tem je bilo izvedenih več pilotnih prevzemov. Razvita je bila ustrezna metodologija, dokumentacija in orodja, namenjena učinkovitemu in varnemu sodelovanju z ustvarjalcem oz. v podporo izročitvi in prevzemanju elektronskega arhivskega gradiva v obliki sprejemnih informacijskih paketov (SIP) v repozitorij. Prispevek se osredotoča na ustvarjalca in specifiko zvočnih zapisov kot arhivskega gradiva ter zlasti na samo izvedbo prevzema zvočnih zapisov Državnega zbora Republike Slovenije, nastalih januarja 2017 - od začetka sodelovanja z ustvarjalcem do oblikovanja ustreznih navodil oz. dokumentacije, priprave SIP ter do izročitve elektronskega arhivskega gradiva pristojnemu arhivu oz. v slovenski elektronski arhiv.
STRUCTURE, BEHAVIOR, AND MARKET PERFORMANCE ON MARKETING OF PATCHIE OIL IN BUKUT VILLAGE, TERANGUN DISTRICT GAYO LUES DISTRICT
Authors: Authar ND Muhammad , Puteh Anwar , Alfiady Teuku
Published: December 2021

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is an essential oil-producing plant which is a source of foreign exchange for the country. Indonesia is currently the world's producer of patchouli oil with a contribution of 90%, for that it is necessary to maintain market opportunities by increasing production through appropriate cultivation techniques, improving the quality of patchouli oil and developing patchouli plantings in areas that have bright prospects seen from the level of suitability. land and climate.The purpose of this study was to determine market structure, market behavior (various forms of collusion) and market appearances that occurred in the marketing of nimal oil in Bukut Village, Terangun District, Gayo Lues Regency. The data used are primary data and secondary data, for market participants, snowball sampling is used. The method used to analyze the market structure is Concentration Ratio analysis tools (Market Share, Herfindal Index and Concentration Ratio for Biggest Four or ), Degree of Product Differentiation, Barriers to Market Entry and Level of Market Knowledge. To analyze Market Behavior, it is descriptively analyzed about collusion and strategies that occur. To analyze the Market Performance used the analysis tools of Marketing Margin, Share Price, and Cost and Profit Ratio.〖CR〗_4.Market share at the collector levelthere is an oligopoly marketing system for patchouli oil with loose concentration. The concentration of buyers in marketing patchouli oil in Bukut village, both collectors, village collectors, and representative warehouses/ wholesalers is oligopsony. The marketing structure of Patchouli Oil in Gayo Lues, at the level of collector traders is a loose oligopoly with a CR4 value of 0.5421, at the level of a village collector it is a tight oligopoly with a CR4 value of 0.8855, while at the warehouse representative/ wholesaler level it is a tight oligopoly with a CR value, reaching 1.00. should have a value of 1.00 is a monopoly, but because there are still three competing companies, it is categorized as a strict oligopoly.
Epithelial rests of Malassez in experimental animals at different ages
Authors: Pulitano - Manisagian Gisela , Mandalunis Patricia
Published: December 2021

Epithelial rests of Malassez (ERMs) are fragments of Hertwig’s sheath in the periodontal ligament. There is extensive knowledge of their role in the etiology of pathological processes and current evidence links them to maintenance of periodontal homeostasis. The aim of this study was to assess the behavior of ERMs with relation to the changes in periodontal tissues during growth in an experimental model with Wistar rats. Mesiodistal sections were made of the first lower molars from Wistar rats aged 1 month (n=7), 3 months (n=7) and 5 months (n=6). Sections were stained with H&E to evaluate number of ERMs/ mm, size/area of ERMs (μm2), height of periodontal ligament (PL.h) (μm), area of cement in the furcation zone (C.Ar) (μm2) and bone area related to the ERM zone (BAr/TAr)(%). Posthoc Bonferroni and ANOVA were applied for statistical analysis of results. Number of ERMs/mm declined significantly with age (1m: 4.34±1.51, 3m: 1.48±0.89, 5m: 0.27± 0.50, p≤0.05), and there was great variability in size. There was significant increase in C.Ar (1m: 3418.96 ± 905.88, 3m: 19365.76 ± 5500.52, 5m: 32182.76 ± 7114.51, p≤ 0.05) and interradicular (BAr/TAr) (1m: 25.26 ± 2.37, 3m: 44.70 ± 3.95, 5m: 46.81 ± 7.80, p≤ 0.05: 1 vs 3, 1 vs 5). There was significant decline in PLh at 5 months (1m: 141.42 ± 29.25, 3m: 162.06 ± 28.21, 5m: 124.72 ± 18.67, p≤ 0.05: 1 vs. 3, 3 vs. 5). The decline in number of ERMs as animal age increases may be related to the significant increase in C.Ar and reduction in PL.h. It remains to ascertain its relationship with the increase observed in BAr/ TAr. Further studies are needed to learn more about the role of ERMs and their relationship with periodontal tissues when confronted with different normal and pathological stimuli.
Effect of treatment time on performance of nano-encapsulatedfluoride de ntifrices for remineralization of initial carious lesions: an in vitro study
Authors: Oliveira Andressa , Sousa Elizabeth , Fernandes Nayanna , Meira Ingrid , Lavôr Juliane , Chaves Ana , Sampaio Fábio
Published: December 2021

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of treatment time on the remineralization performance of nanoencapsulated fluoride dentifrices on initial carious lesions. Ninety-six human enamel samples were allocated to eight groups (n = 12): 50% NanoF + 50% free NaF, 100% NanoF, 100% NaF (positive control), and placebo (negative control), using two different treatment times (one and five minutes) for each dentifrice tested. After the carious lesion induction, the specimens were submitted to a pH remineralizing cycling model for seven days. Surface microhardness was measured before and after carious lesion induction and after treatment. The percentage of surface remineralization was calculated for each study time. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and ANOVA repeated-measures tests followed by the Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05). Remineralization differences were observed in the dentifrices analyzed according to the treatment time used. NanoF formulations with 50% (one-min treatment) and 100% (five-min treatment) promoted significant remineralization of enamel after the caries challenge when compared to the placebo dentifrice (p < 0.05). Thus, time was considered an important factor for the fluoride release system. Nanotechnology can be a promising system for caries remineralization as it makes fluoride available on the dental surface for a longer time.
Cross-cultural adaptation of a quality of life questionnaire for individuals with oral potentially malignant disorders in the Brazilian context
Authors: de Almeida Igor , Freitas Kátia , de Almeida Deybson , Bastos Aminne , Farias Mariane , Oliveira Márcio
Published: December 2021

The aim of this article is to describe the cross-cultural adaptation of a quality of life (QoL) questionnaire for individuals with potentially malignant oral diseases (OPMD) in the Brazilian context. This methodological study consisted of the following stages of content validation process: (1) Conceptual and item equivalence: stage during which a comprehensive literature review on the construct was performed; (2) Semantic equivalence. The extensive literature review showed that the questionnaire enables evaluation of QoL, and that domains and items are also considered and relevant to the Brazilian context. Semantic equivalence was evaluated as satisfactory by a committee of judges. The scope of the domains was analyzed according to the agreement rate and presented results equal to or greater than 84%. The general Content Validity Calculation (CVC) was 0.84 for clarity and 0.92 for representativeness. Of the 20 items, 18 presented CVC values above 0.8. The indicators for content validation, pre-test and operational equivalence indicate that the Brazilian version of the OPMD QoL questionnaire is a promising instrument and a tool that seems valid to evaluate the quality of life of people with oral potentially malignant disorders. As a next step, it is important to measure equivalences to evaluate the psychometric properties of this instrument.
Impact of oral conditions on the quality of life of adolescents in a rural area of Brazil
Authors: Roque Tatiany , Magnani Isabela , Paiva Saul , Abreu Lucas
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of oral conditions on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of early adolescents aged 11 to 14 years in the rural population of a Brazilian municipality. Adolescents attending public schools in the municipality participated in the study. OHRQoL was measured using the short Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14) with four domains: oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional wellbeing and social wellbeing. A higher score indicates a more negative perception of the adolescent regarding his/her OHRQoL. Oral conditions such as dental caries, malocclusion and dental trauma were evaluated using DMTF index, Dental Aesthetics Index (DAI) and Andreasen criteria, respectively. The variables sex and age, number of siblings, parents’ schooling, family monthly income, number of times of tooth-brushing/day and visits to the dentist/year were also evaluated. Descriptive analysis and regression models were performed. Of the 202 participants, 94 (46.5%) were female and 108 (53.5%) were male. Adolescents from low-income families (p=0.042) and with more severe malocclusion (p=0.037) scored higher in the CPQ11-14. Those with severe malocclusion scored higher in the emotional wellbeing domain (p=0.009). Females scored higher than males in the oral symptoms domain (p=0.002). Adolescents from low-income families scored higher in the social wellbeing domain (p=0.006). Malocclusion negatively affected the OHRQoL of adolescents from a Brazilian rural area, mainly regarding emotional wellbeing. Negative repercussions were also observed among females and adolescents whose families had lower income.
Hexavalent chromium exposure alters bone remodeling in the developing tooth alveolus and delays tooth eruption
Authors: Sánchez Luciana , Ubios Ángela
Published: December 2021

Although it has been demonstrated that exposure of lactating rats to CrVI delays tooth eruption, the effects of CrVI exposure on bone remodeling in the developing alveolus during tooth eruption remain unknown. Our purpose was to analyze the effect of CrVI in the alveolus of the first lower molar of rats. Thirty-two suckling Wistar rats were divided into two groups. The experimental group received 12.5 mg/kg body weight/day of potassium dichromate dissolved in saline solution by oral gavage as of day 4 of the experiment; the control group received an equal dose of saline solution. Each group was divided into two sub-sets and euthanized at the ages of 9 and 15 days, respectively. Histochemical and histomorphometric studies of the bone surfaces of the developing tooth alveolus were performed. The percentage of bone formation surfaces was lower in experimental animals than in age-matched controls. The percentage of bone resorption surfaces was significantly lower in 9-day-old experimental rats than in controls and significantly higher in 15-day-old experimental rats than in controls. Exposure to CrVI during lactation alters the sequence of bone resorption and formation in the walls of the developing alveolus, both of which are necessary for tooth eruption, thus causing a delay.
Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of chitosan and hemostatic gelatin in oral cell culture
Authors: Narvaez-Flores Jessica , Vilar-Pineda Gabriela , Acosta-Torres Laura , Garcia-Contreras Rene
Published: December 2021

Chitosan is a biopolymer with bactericidal/bacteriostatic effect, biocompatible and biodegradable. It has been used in tissue engineering to replace tissues partially or completely by releasing bioactive materials or influencing cell growth, usually in regenerative medicine and dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effect of chitosan alone or with hemostatic gelatin (Spongostand®) in cultures of human pulp cells (HPC), human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and mouse pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1, ATCC). HPC and HGF were isolated from patients. Cells were subcultured in DMEM. Chitosan was inoculated at different concentrations (0-0.5%) and hemostatic gelatins impregnated with chitosan (0.19%) were placed directly in the presence of cells and incubated for 24 hours. Cell viability was determined by MTT method and mean cytotoxic concentration (CC50) was calculated from the dose-response curve. Anti-inflammatory effect was calculated from the in vitro gingivitis model induced with interleukin 1beta (IL-1β) in HGF and protein detection. The data were subjected to Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Experiments were performed in triplicate of three independent assays. Cell viability of HPC, HGF and MC3T3-E1 in contact with chitosan decreased significantly (p<0.05). The HPC were the most sensitive (CC50= 0.18%), followed by HGF (CC50=0.18%) and MC3T3-E1 (CC50= 0.19%). The cytotoxicity of gelatins impregnated with chitosan decreased cell viability of HGF and HPC by 11% and 5%, respectively. The proinflammatory effect was reduced significantly in the gingivitis model. To conclude, chitosan induces moderate cytotoxic effects alone or with hemostatic gelatin at 0.19%, in dose-dependent manner, with anti-inflammatory effects on human gingival fibroblasts. The use of chitosan as a biomaterial can be an excellent choice for use in regenerative dentistry.
Anacardium excelsum phytochemical analysis and in vitro antimicrobial activity against oral cavity microorganisms
Authors: Rojas Andrés , Durango Clara , García Solanlly , Castañeda-Peláez Diego , García Dabeiba , Gamboa Fredy
Published: December 2021

Infections of the oral cavity have a broad microbial etiological profile that varies according to each microenvironment in the mouth. Such infections often require antimicrobial treatment, which can lead to the development of resistance. There is thus a need to find new therapeutic strategies based on natural plant-derived compounds. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical nuclei and the antimicrobial effect of Anacardium excelsum leaf and stem extracts, and of fractions derived from the leaf extract, against Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 35548, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 19433 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The plant material was collected from the Quindío Botanical Garden (Calarcá, Quindío-Colombia), located at an altitude of 1500 meters above sea level. Hydroalcoholic extracts of A. excelsum leaves and stems, and fractions of the hydroalcoholic leaf extract, were obtained by percolation extraction. Phytochemical nuclei were identified by thin layer chromatography. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts and fractions (at concentrations of 2, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mg / ml) against the five ATCC reference strains was evaluated using the well diffusion technique on Mueller-Hinton agar. The leaf extract showed no antimicrobial activity against E. coli, but it did show antimicrobial activity against S. mutans, S. aureus, E. faecalis and C. albicans, at a concentration of 10 mg/ml, with zones of inhibition of 9 to 11 mm. The ethyl acetate and acetone fractions obtained from A. excelsum leaf extract had greatest antimicrobial activity at 10 mg/ml. In conclusion, (1) the A. excelsum leaf extract, and the ethyl acetate and acetone fractions obtained from the leaf extract, had the greatest antimicrobial activity on all the study microorganisms, and (2) the phytochemical nuclei in the fractions (ethyl acetate and acetone) were found to contain phenolic-type compounds, tannins, triterpene-type terpenes and steroidal-type terpenes, which might explain the antimicrobial activity observed.
Transmittance of lithium disilicate ceramic of different thicknesses and opacities with different curing units
Authors: García-Cuerva Martín , Boaventura-Dubovik Agustina , Iglesias María
Published: December 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the amount of radiating energy transmitted through lithium disilicate discs of different thicknesses and opacities with different curing units (CU). Discshaped specimens 8 mm in diameter and 1.5 mm or 0.7 mm thick were designed with Zbrush® and Cura 3D® software, milled from HT and MO IPS e-maxCAD blocks (Ivoclar Vivadent) with Ceramill Mikro 4 (Amann Girrbach, Austria) and processed according to manufacturer instructions. Thickness was checked with a Mitutoyo (México) caliper. Four groups (n=4) were formed: G1(HT/1.5 mm), G2(MO/1.5 mm), G3(HT/0.7 mm) y G4(MO/0.7 mm), and the effect of three CUs: Coltolux (ColteneWhaledent), LED.C, (Woodpecker Medical Instrument Co.Ltd) and Deepcure L(3M-ESPE) was tested Measurements were taken with a halogen and LED radiometer (Woodpecker® LM-1-Guilin Woodpecker Medical Instrument Co.Ltd) after applying the guide of each CU directly on the reading window (d) and after interposing each of the specimens. The ratio of transmitted energy was determined in each case and data was analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons. LED.C: d:1600 mW/cm2, G1: 0.31(0.00), G2: 0.14(0.00) G3: 0.54(0.01), G4: 0.38(0.01); Deepcure L: d:1500 mW/cm2, G1: 0.34(0.01), G2: 0.20(0,00), G3: 0.56(0.01), G4: 0.41(0.02); Coltolux: d:1275 mW/cm2, G1: 0.44(0.01), G2: 0.24(0,00), G3: 0.65(0.01), G4: 0.47(0,00). Statistically significant differences were found among the curing units (P<0.001) and for the interaction CU-thickness (P<0.001) CU-opacity (P=0.023). Within the conditions of this study, the ratio of light transmitted through lithium disilicate structures is related to their thickness and opacity, and to the curing unit employed.