bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of Tumour necrosis factor inhibitors, Interleukin-17 inhibitors, and Janus kinase inhibitors in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Li Dan , Zhang Xinhui , Tian Yunfei , Zhang Jing , Zhao Xiaojuan , Li Menghao , Zhao Yonghong , Liu Xiuju
Published: December 2024

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Introduction: To systematically assess the efficacy and safety of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi), interleukin-17 inhibitors (IL-17i) and Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) in patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA).
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials to find randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in patients with nr-axSpA published until June 2023, by two reviewers independently. Data extraction was carried out by two independent investigators. Stata 17.0 software and Review Manager 5.3 software were used to perform the data analysis. The results for binary and continuous variables were expressed as the values of odds ratio (OR) and mean difference (MD) and their 95% confidence interval (CI), respectively.
Results: A total of 10 RCTs involving 2,418 participants were included in the analysis. The efficacy rankings were: certolizumab pegol (CZP) 200 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W) > CZP 400 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) > golimumab (GOL) > bimekizumab (BKZ) > adalimumab (ADA) > upadacitinib (UPA) > etanercept (ETN) > brodalumab (BRO) > ixekizumab (IXE) > secukinumab (SEC) 150 mg no loading (NL) > SEC 150 mg loading dose(LD) > placebo (PBO) for Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society response criteria for 40% improvement (ASAS40); GOL > CZP 400 mg Q4W> BKZ > ADA > UPA > CZP 200 mg Q2W > ETN > BRO > SEC 150 mg NL > SEC 150 mg LD > PBO for Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society response criteria for 20% improvement (ASAS20). Except for BRO, all treatments resulted in a significant improvement in ASAS40 compared with PBO. In terms of safety, the ranking was: GOL > ADA > PBO > UPA > SEC 150 mg NL > BKZ > IXE > SEC 150 mg LD > ETN > CZP 200 mg Q2W for adverse events (AE). There was no statistical difference in serious adverse events (SAE) among all drugs compared to PBO.
Conclusions: Most TNFi could be more effective than JAKi and IL-17i. The safety of the therapies is generally good. However, the efficacy and safety of TNFi/IL-17i/JAKi remains to be further analyzed in studies with larger sample size and longer follow-up times.
Trial registration: This study has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), with a registration number of CRD42023423725.
Urinary lactate-to-creatinine ratio during the first days of life correlates with the degree of brain damage in premature infants
Authors: Zasada Magdalena , Olszewska Marta , Kowalik Aleksandra , Berska Joanna , Bugajska Jolanta , Karcz Paulina , Herman-Sucharska Izabela , Kwinta Przemko
Published: December 2024

Introduction
This study aimed to assess the association between the urinary lactate-to-creatinine ratio (ULCR) and brain spectroscopy (1H-MRS) findings in very-low-gestational-age (VLGA) infants with and without preterm brain injury.
Methods
Urine samples were collected from 54 VLGA infants during the first week of life, after one month of life, and at term-equivalent age (TEA). Urinary lactate was measured via highly selective liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with a quantitative Organic Acid Analysis Kit and expressed as the ULCR. MRI and 1H-MRS were performed at TEA. The Kidokoro grading system was used to assess the Global Brain Abnormality Score (GBAS).
Results
VLGA infants with a GBAS moderate+severe had higher ULCRs on the 2nd and 3rd days of life (DOLs) than those with a GBAS normal or mild. Only the GBAS moderate+severe subgroup presented with a secondary increase in the ULCR on the 3rd DOL, whereas in the GBAS normal or mild, the ULCR oscillated around similar values or gradually decreased. Significant positive correlations were detected between the ULCR on the 3rd DOL and the lactate/creatinine and lactate/N-acetyl aspartate ratios measured via 1H-MRS at TEA (r=0.308; p=0.022 and r=0.334; p=0.013, respectively).
Conclusions
An increased ULCR during the first three DOLs in patients with a GBAS moderate+severe suggest an energy catastrophe that may play a role in the development of premature brain injury. Serial measurement of the ULCR during the first days of life may help in the early identification of premature infants at risk for moderate+severe brain damage.
Annual health expenditures by body mass index categories and the economic impact of obesity in Türkiye: A retrospective modeling study
Authors: Oksuz Ergun , Malhan Simten , Alis Halil , GogasYavuz Dilek , Karakan Tarkan , Sargin Mehmet , Sonmez Alper , Tokgozoglu Lale , Gurser Batu , Safak Yilmaz Esra , Yumuk Volkan Demirhan
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Obesity is considered not only a public health issue on a global scale but also a disease adversely affecting the world economies. Economic impact of overweight and obesity has not yet been investigated in Türkiye at a national level. This study aimed to investigate the impact of obesity on the healthcare costs in Türkiye and to estimate the overall national economic burden of obesity.
Methods: The study was based on a cross-sectional analysis of retrospectively pooled data from 2009-2014 payer claims data (PCD) and 2014-2019 Türkiye Health Survey(THS). In the first step, obesity-related annual per person overall health expenditures in adults with obesity were calculated and calculations were also made in subgroups of payer and healthcare categories. In the second step, using the developed model, national economic disease burden of adult obesity was estimated, along with the projections for the estimated expenditures over the next 30 years. Economic values were adjusted according to US Dollar values of 2021 purchasing power parities (PPP) (PPP 1.0= 2.782 TRY).
Results: The annual healthcare costs were significantly higher in individuals with obesity than in those with normal body mass index (OR 1.243; 95% CI 1.206-1.281), and the cost increment was positively correlated with higher BMI (by 117% in class I obesity vs. 169% in class III obesity, p<0.001). In the year 2021, obesity-related direct and indirect costs in adults were estimated to be PPP 27.4 billion and 39.5 billion, respectively. The total economic burden was estimated to be PPP 66.9 billion, which is equivalent to 2.6% of gross national product. Direct medical cost of obesity corresponds to 8.4% of total health expenditure in Türkiye.
Conclusions: Obesity is both an individual and social health problem, which emphasizes the potential role of a range of stakeholders, besides the health sector, in addressing this problem. The indirect costs comprise the key cost driver of the total national cost of obesity, which forms the rationale for population-wide policy interventions towards prevention or reduction of obesity.
The influence of social support, oral health beliefs and health behaviours on dental caries in children living in deprived neighbourhoods
Authors: Monteiro Mylla Cristie Campelo , Rebelo Maria Augusta Bessa , Freitas Yan Nogueira Leite de , Vieira Janete Maria Rebelo , Vettore Mario Vianna
Published: December 2024

Introduction: This study assessed the influence of social support, oral health beliefs and health behaviours on dental caries incidence among children living in underprivileged neighbourhoods. Methods: Data from a cohort study with 12-year-old schoolchildren (N=312) selected from public schools in Manaus, Brazil, and their parents or guardians was analyzed. Socioeconomic characteristics, sex, oral health beliefs, social support (SSA questionnaire), oral health-related behaviours (sugar consumption, frequency of toothbrushing, use of fluoride toothpaste) and dental caries (DMFT index) were assessed at age 12 years. Dental caries incidence over 12 month period was registered according to the number of new cavitated teeth. The hypothesis was that socioeconomic disadvantage, lower social support, unfavourable oral health beliefs, and inadequate behaviours would increase the risk of dental caries incidence Statistical analysis was conducted using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Results: Unfavourable oral health beliefs indirectly predicted higher dental caries incidence (β = 0.041) via sugar consumption and frequency of toothbrushing. Unfavourable oral health beliefs directly predicted higher sugar consumption (β = 0.148) and lower frequency of toothbrushing (β = -0.218). Lower frequency of toothbrushing directly predicted higher dental caries incidence (β = -0.140). Sex (β =-0.017) and social support (β =-0.016) were indirectly linked to dental caries incidence. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that incidence of dental caries in socially underprivileged children results from the complex relationships between social support, oral health beliefs and oral health behaviours.
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION POTENTIAL OF Inga edulis Martius: SEED COLLECTED IN THE AMAZON - BRAZIL
Authors: Oliveira André Vilhena de , Kersting Maurício , Costa Adilson Ben da , Schneider Rosana de Cassia de Souza
Published: December 2024

Article highlights- Inga edulis offer potential for biotechnological and environmental applications.- High protein and carbohydrate content in seeds support diverse agro-industrial uses.- edulis seeds enhance environmental education via forest nurseries schools.- Biotechnological potential of I. edulis seeds extends to ecosystem services.
AbstractInga edulis Martius is a native species of the Amazon Forest with great potential for urban afforestation in the cities of the Brazilian Amazon and widely used for the recovery of degraded areas. It is commonly cultivated by the Amazonian population for its edible fruit, quality wood, and excellent agroforestry components. This study aimed to select the matrices and obtain information about the behavior of the seeds in terms of drying, biometry, purity and germination, and chemical composition. The seeds collected in the environmental education action were recognized about potentialities of use for biotechnological products and environmental protection. The seed exploitation of this species is attractive due to its composition (protein and carbohydrates) and forest integration. I. edulis seedlings in the schools contribute to environmental education as a sustainable practice with biotechnological potential for the Amazon region.
SURVEILLANCE OF β-LACTAMASE GENES OF SALMONELLA FROM CHICKEN IN WET MARKETS OF METRO MANILA, PHILIPPINES
Authors: Madayag Miles , Pavon Rance Derrick , Mora Jonah Feliza , Balaga Khristine , Rivera Windell
Published: December 2024

Article Highlights- blaCTX-M gene in 24.7% while blaTEM gene in 11.2% of Salmonella isolates.- Coexistence of blaCTX-M groups II and IV in all blaCTX-M-positive isolates.- Dominance of blaCTX-M corroborated with phenotypic β-lactam resistances.- blaCTX-M-positive isolates had extended-spectrum β-lactamase and multidrug resistance.
AbstractSalmonella sp. is a foodborne pathogenic bacterium causing millions of cases with hundred thousand death incidents. Infection by Salmonella can diversely manifest as gastroenteritis, bacteremia, and enteric fever. Salmonella can be transmitted through direct consumption of contaminated foods especially animal-based foods, such as chicken meat and its derivatives. Over the years, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and diverse β-lactamase (bla) gene-carrying Salmonella strains have been reported. These facts are alarming given that cephalosporins are a major class of β-lactam antibiotics used in clinical settings. Hence, the main objective of this study was to molecularly detect the occurrence of different bla genes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and profile the phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella collected from various chicken sample types in wet markets of Metro Manila, Philippines. Of the 89 Salmonella isolates, blaCTX-M had the highest occurrence, detected in 22 isolates (24.7%), while blaTEM was detected in 10 isolates (11.2%). Genotypic and phenotypic resistance corroboration was observed in nearly all blaCTX-M-positive Salmonella tested, with all strains showing resistance to ampicillin and nitrofurantoin (100%) and 21 out of 22 (95.5%) exhibiting resistance to both non-extended and extended-spectrum cephalosporins. In addition, blaCTX-M groups II and IV genes were co-detected and multidrug resistance (MDR) profiles were also observed in all blaCTX-M-positive isolates. The high AMR patterns of Salmonella isolates suggest potential threats to food safety and public health. Additionally, the corroboration of phenotypic and genotypic resistance and the high occurrence of MDR among Salmonella isolates highlight the importance of continued surveillance of AMR genes and regulation of antimicrobial use to combat AMR.
Longitudinal reproducibility of brain and spinal cord quantitative MRI biomarkers
Authors: Boudreau Mathieu , Karakuzu Agah , Boré Arnaud , Pinsard Basile , Zelenkovski Kiril , Alonso-Ortiz Eva , Boyle Julie , Bellec Lune , Cohen-Adad Julien
Published: December 2024

Quantitative MRI (qMRI) promises better specificity, accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility relative to its clinically-used qualitative MRI counterpart. Longitudinal reproducibility is particularly important in qMRI. The goal is to reliably quantify tissue properties that may be assessed in longitudinal clinical studies throughout disease progression or during treatment. In this work, we present the initial data release of the quantitative MRI portion of the Courtois project on neural modelling (CNeuroMod), where the brain and cervical spinal cord of six participants were scanned at regular intervals over the course of several years. This first release includes 3 years of data collection and up to 10 sessions per participant using quantitative MRI imaging protocols (T1, magnetization transfer (MTR, MTsat), and diffusion). In the brain, T1MP2RAGE, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and radial diffusivity (RD) all exhibited high longitudinal reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient – ICC ≃ 1 and within-subject coefficient of variations – wCV < 1%). The spinal cord cross-sectional area (CSA) computed using T2w images and T1MTsat exhibited the best longitudinal reproducibility (ICC ≃ 1 and 0.7 respectively, and wCV 2.4% and 6.9%). Results from this work show the level of longitudinal reproducibility that can be expected from qMRI protocols in the brain and spinal cord in the absence of hardware and software upgrades, and could help in the design of future longitudinal clinical studies.
Is Dewey’s Aesthetics Critical? A Reflection on the Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence and Art from a Deweyan Perspective
Authors: Fiore Andrea
Published: December 2024

This paper addresses the issue of the relationship between technology and art in human existence from a Deweyan perspective. The central idea is that Dewey’s aesthetics is a useful instrument for critically reflecting on that issue. Starting from the tenets of Dewey’s aesthetics, the discourse focuses on “imaginative recovery” and “inhabiting,” two key notions for interpreting and managing technology from an aesthetic perspective. The article seeks an answer to the question of whether new technology (particularly ai) is a useful tool or not in art and, ultimately, for the fulfilment of human life.
A checklist of the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Afghanistan
Authors: SAJADI SAMIN SADAT , WESAL MOHAMMAD WASIL , ZAMANI ALIREZA , MORADMAND MAJID
Published: December 2024

An annotated checklist of the spiders of Afghanistan, comprising 253 species in 134 genera and 32 families, is provided. The list includes 96 and 13 currently considered endemic and subendemic species, respectively. A separate list of rejected records is also presented.
New genera and species of tortricid moths from Chile and Argentina (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: BROWN JOHN W.
Published: December 2024

Seven new genera in the tortricid subtribe Euliina (Cochylini) are described and illustrated from Chile and Argentina: Argentiliana, new genus, and its type species A. basipallida, new species; Terifrona, new genus, and its type species T. fronteria, new species; Transtilliana, new genus, and its type species T. biloba, new species; Vargasia, new genus, and its type species V. karsholti, new species; Hamiamia, new genus, and its type species H. trancasiana (Razowski & Pelz, 2010), new combination; Endemulia, new genus, and its type species E. urrai, new species; and Silenoides, new genus, and its type species, S. divergens, new species. The following new species are also described and illustrated: Varifula geomops, new species; Proeulia hasta, new species; Proeulia razowskii, new species; Strophotina samara, new species; Gnatheulia flava, new species; Paratepa argentinana, new species; Galomecalpa decolorana, new species; and Archipimima clarkei, new species. All but Archipimima are assigned to Euliina; Archipimima is assigned to Atteriini. Cnephasia clisias Meyrick and C. dryoglypta Meyrick are transferred to Paratepa, resulting in Paratepa clisias (Meyrick, 1912), new combination, and P. dryoglypta (Meyrick, 1913), new combination. The adult and female genitalia of Chapoania dentigera Razowski are illustrated for the first time. A preliminary comparison of the Argentine and Chilean tortricid faunas is provided.
Two new species of Trichodrilus (Annelida, Clitellata, Lumbriculidae) from Pacific drainages, western USA
Authors: FEND STEVEN , RODRIGUEZ PILAR
Published: December 2024

Two new species of Lumbriculidae attributed to the mostly-Palearctic genus Trichodrilus Claparède, 1862 are described from Pacific drainages in western North America. Trichodrilus baylesi sp. nov., from Fall Creek (Willamette River drainage, Oregon) has petiolate atria and one pair of spermathecae, in segment XI; it is distinguished from congeners by the spherical atrial ampullae and large, pendant penes in deep sacs. Trichodrilus humptulips , from the Humptulips River (Washington) has paired spermathecae in XI and XII and club-shaped atria, basally joined by thin vasa deferentia which open to the atrial lumen subapically, and without complex penes. The new descriptions increase the confirmed North American Trichodrilus fauna to 4 species, but limited collections from other regions suggest that the North American Trichodrilus fauna is more diverse.
Age-stratification reveals age-specific intestinal microbiota signatures in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: Budzinski Lisa , Sempert Toni , Lietz Leonie , Maier René , Kang Gi-Ung , von Stuckrad Anne Sae Lim , Goetzke Carl Christoph , Roth Maria , Shah Aayushi , Abbas Amro , Lehman Katrin , Necke Kathleen , Bartsch Stefanie , Hoffmann Ute , Mashreghi Mir-Farzin , Biesen Robert , Kallinich Tilmann , Chang Hyun-Dong
Published: December 2024

Objective

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) comprises diverse chronic inflammatory conditions driven by malfunction of the immune system. The intestinal microbiota is considered a crucial environmental factor correlating with chronic inflammatory diseases, and for JIA certain alterations in the microbiota have already been described.

Methods

Here, we have characterized intestinal microbiota samples from 54 JIA patients and 38 pediatric healthy controls by conventional 16S rRNA sequencing and by single-cell analysis for phenotypic features by multi-parameter microbiota flow cytometry (mMFC), which complements the population-based taxonomic profiling with the characterization of individual bacterial cells.

Results

We found age to be a crucial confounder in microbiota analyses of JIA patients. Age stratification revealed specific microbiota alterations neglected by the general comparison of JIA patients and pediatric controls.

Conclusion

Age groups presented distinct taxonomic profiles and microbiota phenotypic signatures which transitioned with age, highlighting changes in the microbiota-immune system interaction with age.
Study of the Impact of News Information about Investments and Projects on Stock Market Reaction Parameters (on the Example of the “Metals and Mining” Segment of the Moscow Exchange)
Authors: Karmanov Ivan
Published: December 2024

This study examines the reaction of the Russian stock market to the publication of news about companies in the metals and mining segment of the Moscow stock exchange. The article describes the methodology used to collect and analyze a database of news reports, including a modified cumulative abnormal return (CAR) method to register abnormal returns related to news publications. The study also explores the search for parameters such as the beginning, end, duration, and profitability of news using algorithms based on the CAR and normalized abnormal volume (NAV) methods. The results of this analysis are presented in the form of calculated parameters for the beginning, end, duration of the reaction, and CAR, categorized by stock prices and trading volumes.Next, the results obtained from each method are compared. The rationale for the differences in parameter estimates is discussed, as well as the application of these results to improve IR management in companies.
O edukacji nieformalnej w polskim dyskursie andragogicznym. Przegląd konceptualizacji
Authors: Solarczyk-Szwec Hanna
Published: December 2024

W artykule dokonano przeglądu głównie literatury polskojęzycznej dotyczącej konceptualizacji edukacji nieformalnej w rodzimym dyskursie andragogicznym. Z analizy źródeł zastanych wybrano treści odnoszące się do ewolucji edukacji nieformalnej, wskazując w ujęciu chronologicznym na punkty zwrotne w jej rozwoju, następnie zaprezentowano wybrane teoretyczne ujęcia edukacji nieformalnej, ukazujące jej rosnącą złożoność i tym samym wzbogacające jej rozumienie. Na tej podstawie sformułowano tezę o dwóch nurtach edukacji nieformalnej – instrumentalnym oraz interpretatywnym. W dalszej części artykułu podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jak nauczyć uczenia się nieformalnego. W podsumowaniu autorka wskazała na walory i wyzwania edukacji nieformalnej oraz sformułowała wnioski końcowe. Głównym wnioskiem jest stwierdzenie, że edukacja nieformalna to fenomen zmienny kulturowo, zależny od kontekstu społeczno-politycznego, ściśle związany z życiem codziennym i różnymi jego środowiskami, przebiegający nieświadomie, podświadomie i świadomie; jest pluralistyczny i rozmyty, przez to sprawia i będzie sprawiać trudności konceptualizacyjne.
„Mikroświaty macierzyństwa”
Authors: Pryszmont Martyna
Published: December 2024

Artykuł projekt badawczy o nazwie „Mikroświaty macierzyństwa”. Poszukiwano w nim odpowiedzi na pytanie: jak macierzyństwo jest postrzegane przez kobiety, aby opisać społeczny mikroświat matek, pokazać potencjał codziennej nauki matek i uwrażliwić ludzi na uniwersalność doświadczenia macierzyństwa (mikroświaty macierzyństwa). Projekt składał się z trzech etapów: 1) prowadzenie badań empirycznych za pomocą podejścia jakościowego; 2) wystawa fotografii zatytułowana „Mikroświaty macierzyństwa”; 3) analiza i interpretacja materiału badawczego. Te fazy projektu zostały opisane w artykule.
Mężczyźni uczestniczący w czarnych protestach w Polsce. Ujęcie andragogiczne
Authors: Szczygieł Przemysław
Published: December 2024

Celem niniejszego tekstu jest opis fenomenu uczestnictwa mężczyzn w czarnych protestach w Polsce z perspektywy andragogicznej. Autor artykułu korzysta z opracowanej przez Petera Alheita metody biograficznej, w której występuje rozróżnienie między „biografizacją” i „biograficznością”. Przedmiotem analizy są narracje dwóch mężczyzn uczestniczących w tzw. czarnych marszach. Tekst koncentruje się na sposobach rozumienia udziału w tej mobilizacji, a także na społeczno-kulturowych i instytucjonalnych kontekstach uczenia się osób dorosłych. Czarny protest traktowany jest przez osoby badane jako ruch oddolny, spontaniczny i etyczny. Znaczącymi kontekstami uczenia się badanych podmiotów są działalność instytucji Kościoła katolickiego i polskiego rządu, a także planowane zmiany prawne w zakresie aborcji. Dla badanych podmiotów ważna jest też wspólnota osób protestujących. Analiza materiału empirycznego pozwala na wyłonienie kwestii tożsamości protestujących (zarówno indywidualnych, jak i zbiorowych) oraz szeroko pojmowanej problematyki obywatelskości, w tym polityczności (polityka widoczności, polityka głosu) protestu.
Coworki, (akademickie) inkubatory przedsiębiorczości i startupy – nowe środowiska pracy i uczenia się dorosłych
Authors: Rojek Marcin Przemysław
Published: December 2024

Celem artykułu jest scharakteryzowanie nowych środowisk pracy takich jak coworki, inkubatory przedsiębiorczości (w tym akademickie inkubatory przedsiębiorczości) i startupy oraz próba ukazania ich edukacyjnego potencjału. Środowiska te mają stosunkowo krótką historię, ale znacząco odmieniły myślenie o edukacyjnym wymiarze życia zawodowego. Na ich edukacyjny potencjał rozumiany jako możliwości nieformalnego i pozaformalnego uczenia się składają się m.in. współpraca z uczelniami i biznesem, praktykowanie przedsiębiorczości, konsultacje z ekspertami i doradcami, feedback, demokratyczne zarządzanie, dyfuzja, absorpcja i transfer wiedzy, kierowanie się ideą work-life balance oraz prenumeraty czasopism, konferencje, szkolenia, mentoring i coaching. Te edukacyjne możliwości wyznaczają nowe, perspektywiczne pole andragogicznych badań.
Phraseological Units Concerning the Thunder god in Selected Adjacent Slavic and Baltic Languages
Authors: Gajetti Guliano
Published: December 2024

The baltic and the Slavic languages evolved in parallel and influenced each other significantly. one area of mutual influence concerns pre-christian vernacular traditions. among the most important supernatural entities common to both traditions, and reflected in linguistic data, is the thunder god (lithuanian Perkūnas, latvian Pērkons, pol. Piorun, old russian Перунъ). even if the names of the two thunder gods appear to be etymologically unrelated, their semantic development followed a similar path. the aim of this article is to analyze the phraseological units associated with the thunder gods in baltic (lithuanian and latvian) and Slavic (polish and “belarussian”) in order to identify possible similarities and differences. the results seem to indicate that the power of the thunder god is invoked in curses and swearword, following the vernacular myth of thunder striking an evil entity. this interpretation is strengthened by the data contained in the folkloric beliefs. With the christianisation in polish language the thunderstrike became the instrument of god and at the same time Piorun assumed the connotation of the devil, while in lithuanian Perkūnas appears to have been assimilated as a subordinate of the christian god. the ambiguity of the expressions where thunder and thunderstrike are present helped their durability, as it not always clear when these entities or phenomena are seen as positive or negative.
Pricing and Demand Management for Integrated Same-Day and Next-Day Delivery Systems
Authors: Banerjee Dipayan , Erera Alan L. , Toriello Alejandro
Published: December 2024

We study a system in which a common delivery fleet provides service to both same-day delivery (SDD) and next-day delivery (NDD) orders placed by e-retail customers who are sensitive to delivery prices. We develop a model of the system and optimize with respect to two separate objectives. First, empirical research suggests that fulfilling e-retail orders ahead of promised delivery days increases a firm’s long-run market share. Motivated by this phenomenon, we optimize for customer satisfaction by maximizing the quantity of NDD orders fulfilled one day early given fixed prices. Next, we optimize for total profit; we optimize for a single SDD price, and we then set SDD prices in a two-level scheme with discounts for early-ordering customers. Our analysis relies on continuous approximation techniques to capture the interplay between NDD and SDD orders and particularly the effect one day’s operations have on the next, a novel modeling component not present in SDD-only models; a key technical result is establishing the model’s convergence to a steady state using dynamical systems theory. We derive structural insights and efficient algorithms for both objectives. In particular, we show that, under certain conditions, the total profit is a piecewise-convex function with polynomially many breakpoints that can be efficiently enumerated. In a case study set in metropolitan Denver, Colorado, approximately 10% of NDD orders can be fulfilled one day early at optimality, and profit is increased by 1% to 3% in a two-level pricing scheme versus a one-level scheme. We conduct operational simulations for validation of solutions and analysis of initial conditions.

History: This paper has been accepted for the Transportation Science Special Issue on TSL Conference 2023.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant DGE-1650044].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.0381 .
ANÁLISE METALOGRÁFICA DE FERROS FUNDIDOS CINZENTO E NODULAR: UMA PERSPECTIVA DE APLICAÇÕES NO SETOR NAVAL:
Authors: Francisco de Assis Beatriz , Alves Gaiga Luiza , Alexandrino Alves Maria Eduarda , Sousa da Cunha Bruno , Carera Marin Juliana
Published: December 2024

Apesar do constante desenvolvimento de novos materiais, o ferro fundido permanece indispensável em diversas aplicações devido ao seu baixo custo de produção, elevada resistência mecânica e durabilidade. Este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar a microestrutura do ferro fundido, amplamente utilizado em áreas como a naval. Trata-se de uma liga ternária ferro-carbono-silício, com teor de carbono superior a 2,14%, cujas propriedades estruturais e mecânicas variam conforme a forma e a distribuição da grafita em sua microestrutura. Os tipos de ferro fundido cinzento e nodular possuem aplicações específicas, destacando-se pela resistência ao desgaste, boa fluidez e capacidade de suportar ciclos térmicos. A análise micrográfica realizada nas amostras confirmou que uma delas apresenta grafita lamelar do tipo B, conforme a Norma ASTM A247, caracterizando-a como ferro fundido cinzento e confirmando suas propriedades mecânicas típicas. Na amostra correspondente ao ferro fundido nodular, foi identificada a formação de grafita esferoidal, corroborando sua classificação e as propriedades associadas a esse material. A correlação entre as características microestruturais e as propriedades mecânicas é essencial para avaliar a viabilidade do uso do ferro fundido em aplicações específicas, reforçando sua relevância em diferentes setores.
SPINTRÔNICA: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Costa Santos Jesebel , Zampier Lucas , Armond de Moraes Fontes Maria Eduarda , Rodrigo Goetty Teixeira Roger , Lean Santos da Silva Washington , Pereira Dourado Tiago , Dias Cabral Erika
Published: December 2024

Este artigo oferece uma revisão abrangente da spintrônica, um campo de pesquisa focado na manipulação do spin dos elétrons para criar dispositivos mais eficientes e avançados. O texto destaca diversas aplicações potenciais da spintrônica, incluindo redes neurais artificiais, processamento de informações, controle de movimento e computação quântica. Este trabalho é essencial para quem deseja aprofundar seus conhecimentos sobre a teoria e as aplicações da spintrônica. Em suma, ressalta-se a importância da spintrônica no desenvolvimento contínuo de tecnologias de ponta, mais eficientes, confiáveis e robustas. No entanto, é importante observar que os pesquisadores continuam avançando nessa área, o que mantém a spintrônica em constante evolução.
Pain management with virtual reality in burn patients: a literature review
Authors: Dewi Indah Saputri , Handayani Estrin , Masithoh Robiul Fitri , Kamal Sodiq , Nugroho Sri Hananto Ponco , Wahyuningtyas Eka Sakti , Amin Muhammad Khoirul , Priyo  , Priyanto Sigit
Published: December 2024

Burns are injuries to the skin or the underlying tissue system caused by heat, radiation, electricity, friction or chemicals. Burns can cause pain and discomfort during dressing changes; a person's pain response varies depending on individual perception. The pain response can indicate tissue damage in the body, as pain causes a person to experience discomfort. Pain can be interpreted as a subjective sensory response and an unpleasant emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Pain is usually managed with pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. An example of non-pharmacological therapy is the use of distraction techniques, such as virtual reality (VR). VR diverts pain by creating a 3D environment with a screen and VR glasses. It allows the patient to immerse themselves in a virtual world complete with sound and music. The volume can be adjusted as needed and the patient can interact with the virtual world. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics and effectiveness of VR pain management in burn patients. The method used in this study is a literature review using the Preferred Reporting Items For Systematic Review (PRISMA). The authors searched for journal articles using the Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases, covering the period from 2015–2023. The keywords used were pain management, virtual reality and burn injury. Based on the predetermined inclusion criteria, 10 articles were selected for the review. The results of this study, based on the analysis of 10 articles, indicated that the distraction or transition method (non-pharmacological management using VR) was effective in reducing pain and discomfort during dressing changes in patients with mild to moderate burns, across various age groups from infants and children to adults. Clinicians can leverage VR technology to tailor interventions based on individual patient needs, across all age groups, enhancing patient comfort and engagement during procedures.
Review of recently published articles
Authors: Mendes Aysha
Published: December 2024

Aysha Mendes provides a synopsis and brief review of a selection of recently published research articles that are of interest to community nurses
Testing theories
Authors: Moylett Helen
Published: December 2024

How can practitioners best support children in thinking creatively and critically, asks Helen Moylett in part 4 of this series
A new ethic?
Authors: Moss Peter
Published: December 2024

In his new book, Peter Moss argues why England must move away from its current early years model of provision based on the ‘marketisation and privatisation of childhood’
Let's get logical
Authors: Mountain Julie , Robinson Felicity
Published: December 2024

Prepare children for the future by teaching spatial awareness and logical thinking playfully, outdoors, say Julie Mountain and Felicity Robinson
market view: ALL SYSTEMS GO!
Authors: Turner Leah
Published: December 2024

Leah Turner, co-founder of Owen Froebel, which offers day nursery brokerage, valuations and sales, on how to get the most out of your accounting and management software
Disinformation and climate crisis: Challenges and proposals for the future
Authors: Magallón-Rosa Raúl , Sánchez-Torres Mabel
Published: December 2024

This viewpoint analyses the relationship between the climate crisis and democratic quality, considering the various reports and studies that have been published on the role of disinformation in identifying the main global risks. To define the lines of action, a cross-cutting perspective is required to distinguish between obstructionist, denialist and sceptical narratives, but at the same time, another perspective, from the consequences for citizens in terms of apathy, disconnection or information anxiety. To this end, we define the main challenges in research on climate disinformation in the coming years and the types of social and academic response that have the greatest potential, including media literacy, specialized training for journalism and communication professionals, as well as the creation of institutional collaboration networks.
Our life amid fake news: Self-perceived vulnerability to misinformation
Authors: López Pablo Sánchez , Sierra Nuria Navarro , Oria de Rueda María Alcalá-Santaella
Published: December 2024

The internet offers the ability to access a large amount of information quickly. However, this immediacy and oversaturation has negative aspects, such as informative disorders. This research aims to clarify whether the complex global landscape introduces scenarios which differ from one another by factors that we can point to as being responsible for different levels of vulnerability towards information disorders. Thus, this study applied a qualitative methodology based on the collection of relevant information of 50 participants, using online groups to generate a common space which offered a certain degree of intimacy. Within the results obtained, there is a remarkable hypersubjectivism amid all the groups that stands out above individual and/or ideological differences. Finally, this research demonstrates that citizens, regardless of their ideological positioning, perceive different factors which can make them more vulnerable to disinformation: the importance of fact-checking, abundance of information and immediacy.
Electrodynamics of Circuits Version 2
Authors: Eisenberg Robert
Published: December 2024

Circuits are found by the billions throughout our technology. Kirchhoff’s laws are widely used to design circuits, but the words ‘circuit’ and ‘Kirchhoff’ are not found in the index of some widely used textbooks of electrodynamics. Electrodynamics and circuit theory could benefit if Kirchhoff’s current law and circuit theory were taught as an integral part of electrodynamics. Circuits cannot be analyzed by Coulomb’s or Gauss’ law applied to charges. Circuits contain too many charges to allow interactions to be calculated by Coulomb’s law, charge by charge. Circuits can be analyzed by the currents that flow in them, traditionally by Kirchhoff’s current law applied to conduction current. Maxwell insisted that a generalization of Kirchhoff’s current law is needed that includes displacement current as well as the conduction current. Circuit designers provide the displacement currents intuitively, using imagined circuit elements called ‘parasitic capacitors’. Computer packages like LT-Spice could use Maxwell’s generalization, thereby using mathematics instead of imagination to deal with displacement current. Using Maxwell’s generalization would be a continuous reminder of the importance of displacement current in circuit theory and electrodynamics, uniting both disciplines. Using Maxwell’s generalization would show respect for historical precedent while increasing the realism of circuit simulations, although not to perfection: details of layout and device properties would be needed as well to design computer circuits that work at computer speeds. This paper shows how circuit analysis can be taught and used as part of electrodynamics.
Overview of Stent Thrombosis: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications
Authors: Ahn Joon Ho , Ahn Youngkeun
Published: December 2024

Stent thrombosis (ST) is a major complication after percutaneous coronary intervention. There have been many basic research and clinical studies to identify the exact pathophysiology of ST and also, many efforts were made to overcome and to prevent this catastrophic event which is associated with desperate clinical situations including death and myocardial infarction. Although the risk factors, underlying pathophysiology and mechanisms of ST are not fully investigated, newer generation drug eluting stents, and high resolution intra-vascular imaging modalities are important for prevention of ST.
Landslide Hazard Mapping and Inventory of the Hoosier National Forest Using LiDAR Data
Authors: Leffel Victoria , Angelos Nicholas
Published: December 2024

Indiana's landslide hazard inventory previously relied on records from the Indiana Department of Transportation, which focus on slope failures only near highway infrastructure. This study addresses the gap in documentation for landslides on naturally graded slopes and landforms within the Hoosier National Forest. Using slope maps derived from light-compliant detection and ranging (LiDAR) digital elevation data and orthoimagery, 295 landslide areas were identified and mapped as polygon features.
Field verification of 28 sites (approximately 10 % of the total) validated mapping accuracy, linking abstract data to the physical landscape. Landslide features were photographed, cataloged, and integrated into Indiana Geological and Water Survey Digital Collections, creating a visual archive of the region’s geomorphological activity.
The resulting data set delineates areas of slope instability within Hoosier National Forest boundaries. This study enhances the understanding of landslide distributions in Indiana's natural landscapes, offering valuable data for forest management, conservation, and hazard mitigation planning.
Educação linguística em contexto rural angolano
Authors: Severo Cristine , Bernardo Ezequiel
Published: December 2024

Abordamos a realidade sociolinguística educacional do contexto angolano, com enfoque na área rural, em diálogo com trabalhos sobre o multilinguismo em contextos do Sul Global. Exploramos a relação entre os contextos escolar e familiar, evidenciando as contradições, os desafios, os silenciamentos e as resistências envolvendo o uso das línguas maternas angolanas. A relação entre os contextos rural-urbano em Angola é social, econômica e politicamente assimétrica. Com base em análise documental, pesquisa de campo em uma escola localizada em contexto rural e entrevistas com professores, analisamos e problematizamos essa situação, atentando para a importância de políticas públicas educacionais de orientação multilíngue e intercultural, com enfoque na relação escola-família.
O Método da Psicobiografia
Authors: Oliveira Andrade Emanuelle , Ferrarez Fernandes Renata
Published: December 2024

A psicobiografia é um método que visa a explorar e a integrar arte, psicologia e biografia, buscando compreender a complexidade da personalidade humana e as dinâmicas que influenciam a criação literária ou artística através do estudo sistemático das vidas individuais de pessoas públicas (artistas, escritores etc.). Este artigo tem por objetivo explorar, definir a prática, as origens da psicobiografia e o seu desenvolvimento no contexto global e histórico, a fim de oferecer uma compreensão contextual dos fundamentos do método. As críticas comumente encontradas e as aplicações da psicobiografia nos dias atuais foram descritas, destacando sua importância na compreensão da complexidade da vida humana e suas contribuições para o avanço do conhecimento em psicologia. A psicobiografia pode ser realizada com base em diferentes abordagens psicológicas (Terapia Cognitiva Comportamental, Psicologia Positiva etc.). Em conclusão, a disseminação do método pode contribuir para estudos da personalidade de pessoas públicas brasileiras.
Entscheidungsbesprechung „Google – Offenlegung“ – BGH, Beschl. v. 20. 2. 2024 – KVB 69/23
Authors: Fabig Tobias
Published: December 2024

Amtliche Leitsätze:

a) Die Zuständigkeit des Bundesgerichtshofs in Verfahren nach § 19a GWB für Streitigkeiten gegen selbständig anfechtbare Verfahrenshandlungen ist nicht auf Beschwerden gegen Verwaltungsakte beschränkt, sondern erstreckt sich auch auf Beschwerden gegen sonstige Verfahrenshandlungen.

b) Den Geheimnisschutz nach § 30 VwVfG, der auf die Offenlegung von Informationen bei der Anhörung von Beteiligten nach § 56 Abs. 1 GWB anwendbar ist, können auch ungeschriebene Offenbarungsbefugnisse einschränken, insbesondere wenn eine Güterabwägung ergibt, dass das Geheimhaltungsinteresse hinter noch wichtigeren anderen Interessen zurücktreten muss.

c) Die Kartellbehörde darf Betriebs- oder Geschäftsgeheimnisse des von den Ermittlungen betroffenen Unternehmens für die Zwecke der Stellungnahme gemäß § 56 Abs. 1 GWB gegenüber Beigeladenen nur dann offenlegen, wenn dies verhältnismäßig ist, die Offenlegung mithin geeignet und erforderlich ist, die Ermittlungen des Bundeskartellamts zu fördern und das mit ihr verfolgte öffentliche Interesse an der Verfahrensförderung und die – insoweit gleichgerichteten – (Verfahrens-)Interessen des Beigeladenen das Geheimhaltungsinteresse des betroffenen Unternehmens im Einzelfall überwiegen.
Aproximación a la morfología flexiva nominal y verbal del quechua de Chaupihuaranga: rasgos idiosincrásicos y diferenciales
Authors: Espinoza Bustamante Franklin Roger
Published: December 2024

This study provides an analysis of the morphological units related to the noun and the verb from the perspective of descriptive linguistics in Chaupihuaranga Quechua, a variety of the Yaru subgroup spoken in Daniel Alcides Carrión, one of the three provinces in the department of Pasco. Specifically, we focus on the inflectional morphology of the noun and the verb from the synchronic dimension. The results presented in this article are the product of the analysis of data collected during a series of fieldwork carried out between 2014 and 2016. In light of the results, it is concluded that the importance of this dialect lies in the fact that it exhibits some unique morphological properties that will be discussed in the corresponding sections.
Las memorias discursivas del afrikáans en el movimiento #AfrikaansMustFall en Sudáfrica 2015-2016
Authors: Vaccaro Antonela Soledad
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we propose to analyse the discourses found in the tweets accompanying the movement represented by the hashtag #AfrikaansMustFall in order to reflect on the discursive memories (Courtine, 1981) that activate Afrikaans, as well as its relationship with apartheid so that we will be able to understand the magnitude of the claim. To this end, this research uses discourse analysis as its main approach. By pointing out the repetitions and recurrent ideas in the discourses, we seek to show how these ones are in dialogue with traces of earlier constructions (Maldidier, 1992), and connected to events in the recent past. In conclusion, the results show that the construction of the facts, following the study of memories, present two types of memories, one associated with Afrikaner pride and the other one associating Afrikaans with apartheid.
Transformation of the Strategic Culture of Ukraine under the Influence of the Russian Threat
Authors: Reznikova Olga , Hryhorenko Oleksandr , Myronenko Viacheslav
Published: December 2024

The article focuses on strategic culture as an analytical tool that provides a deeper understanding of a state’s behavior and its strategic choice to use force, whether for aggression or self-defense, using Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine as a case study. While strategic culture is generally resistant to change, we identified shifts in Ukraine’s strategic culture in response to external shocks in 2014 and 2022. This was based on an analysis of military-political behavior patterns, components, and manifestations of strategic culture, as reflected in state strategies on national security and defense, as well as in other relevant documents and texts. We argue that Russia’s aggressive military-political behavior, shaped by Soviet-imperial revanchist sentiments, has become an existential threat to Ukraine. This study contributes to a better understanding of why some conflict resolution measures and strategies have proven ineffective in addressing the ongoing Russian war.