bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ozone seasonal evolution and photochemical production regime in polluted
troposphere in eastern China derived from high resolution FTS observations
Authors: Sun Youwen , Liu Cheng , Palm Mathias , Vigouroux Corinne , Hu Qihou , Tian Yuan , Wang Wei , Su Wenjing , Zhang Wenqiang , Shan Changong , Xu Xingwei , Liu Jianguo , Notholt Justus , De Mazière Martine
Published: December 2017

Abstract. A precise knowledge of ozone seasonal evolution and photochemical production regime in polluted troposphere in China has important policy implications for ozone pollution controls especially in megacities where ozone pollution is common throughout the year. In this study, we used tropospheric ozone, CO and HCHO columns derived from high resolution Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTS) in Hefei, China, tropospheric NO2 columns deduced from overpass Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), surface meteorological data, and a back trajectory cluster analysis technique to investigate ozone seasonal evolution and photochemical production regime in eastern China from 2014–2017. A pronounced seasonal cycle for tropospheric ozone is captured by FTS, where high levels of tropospheric ozone occurs in spring and summer, and low levels of tropospheric ozone occurs in autumn and winter. Day-to-day variations in spring and summer are in most cases larger than those in autumn and winter. At the same time, it shows that the tropospheric ozone roughly increases over time at the first half year and reaches the maximum in June, and then it decreases over time at the second half year. Tropospheric ozone columns in June are, on average, 0.5×1018 molecules*cm−2 (47.6 %) higher than those in December which has a mean value of 1.05×1018 molecules*cm−2. The OMI time series shows similar behaviour. The measured features can basically be reproduced by GEOS-Chem and WRF-Chem data but with slight shifts in the timing of the seasonal maximum. Back trajectories analysis shows that: air pollutions in megacities in central-southern China, northwest China, and the key pollution area, i.e., Yangtze River Delta area in eastern China, dominates the contributions to the observed tropospheric ozone levels, while the contributions from the other two key pollution areas, i.e., Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei in north China and Pearl River Delta in south China, are very small; Air masses generated from polluted areas have more transportations to the observed area in spring and summer than in autumn and winter, and hence have more contributions to the observed tropospheric ozone levels. Correlations between tropospheric ozone and meteorological data disclosed that spring and summer is more favorable to photochemical ozone production than in autumn and winter. Finally, the HCHO/NO2 ratio is used as a proxy to investigate the chemical sensitivity of ozone production (PO3). The results show that the PO3 is mainly NOx limited in summer, while it is mainly VOC or mix VOC-NOx limited in winter. Statistics show that NOx limited, mix VOC-NOx limited, and VOC limited PO3 accounts for 60.1 %, 28.7 %, and 11 %, respectively.
Seagrass community-level controls over organic carbon storage are constrained by geophysical attributes within meadows of Zanzibar, Tanzania
Authors: Belshe E. Fay , Hoeijmakers Dieuwke , Herran Natalia , Mtolera Matern , Teichberg Mirta
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The aim of this work was to explore the feasibility of using seagrass functional traits to predict differences in sediment carbon storage. At 19 sites within highly diverse seagrass meadows of Zanzibar, Tanzania, species cover was estimated along with three community traits hypothesized to influence sediment carbon storage (amount of above and belowground biomass, seagrass tissue nitrogen content, and shoot density). We identified five distinct seagrass communities that had notable variations in key plant traits but these differences did not translate into differences is sediment organic carbon (OC) storage. Across all communities, sediment OC was very low (ranging from 0.15 % to 0.75 %) and there were no differences in OC storage among communities, which was considerably lower (33.97.7 Mg C ha−1) than the global average (194.220.2 Mg C ha−1) reported for other seagrass ecosystems. In spite of high seagrass diversity and clear zonation among plant communities, sediments in all communities were shallow (ranging from 19 to 78 cm) and composed of medium-coarse grained carbonate sand on top of carbonate rock. We propose that geophysical conditions of the sediment were not conducive to OC stabilization, and outweighed any variation in the quantity or quality of plant litter inputs, ultimately leading to low OC storage within all seagrass communities. This highlights the complexity of OC cycling in seagrass ecosystems and cautions against the use of plant traits as a proxy for OC storage across all seagrass ecosystems.
Physical and chemical evolution of dissolved organic matter across the ablation season on a glacier in the central Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Feng Lin , An Yanqing , Xu Jianzhong , Kang Shichang , Li Xiaofei , Zhou Yongqiang , Zhang Yunlin , Jiang Bin , Liao Yuhong
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The physical evolution (metamorphism) of snow is known to affect the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) within it. Here, we present a comprehensive study on the Dongkemadi glacier in the central Tibetan Plateau by analyzing surface snow/ice samples collected from May to October 2015. Based on their physical descriptions, these samples were grouped into four categories, i.e., fresh snow, fine firn, coarse firn, and granular ice that represented the different stages of snowmelt. The concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) decreased from fresh snow (26.8 μmol L−1) to fine firn (15.0 μmol L−1) and then increased from fine firn to coarse firn (26.1 μmol L−1) and granular ice (34.4 μmol L−1). This reflected the dynamic variations in DOC observed during snowmelt. The use of excitation emission matrix fluorescence with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) identified three protein-like components (C1, C2 and C4) and one microbial humic-like component (C3), which reflected the presence of significant amounts of microbially derived DOM in surface snow/ice. The molecular level compositions of DOM identified using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) also showed the presence of molecules that were newly produced during snowmelt. These results suggest that snowmelt not only induced a loss of DOM but also intensified the in situ microbial activities that enriched and modified it. These findings are important for understanding the evolution of the physical and chemical characteristics of DOM during the ablation season and can also shed some light on the nature of biogeochemical cycles in cryospheric regions.
Do pelagic grazers benefit from sea ice? Insights from the Antarctic sea ice proxy IPSO25
Authors: Schmidt Katrin , Brown Thomas A. , Belt Simon T. , Ireland Louise C. , Taylor Kyle W. R. , Thorpe Sally E. , Ward Peter , Atkinson Angus
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Sea ice affects primary production in polar regions in multiple ways. It can dampen water column productivity by reducing light or nutrient supply, it provides a habitat for ice algae and on its seasonal retreat can condition the marginal ice zone (MIZ) for phytoplankton blooms. The relative importance of three different carbon sources (ice-derived, ice-conditioned, non-ice associated) for the polar food web is not well understood, partly due to the lack of methods that enable their unambiguous distinction. Here we analysed two highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) biomarkers to trace ice-derived and ice-conditioned carbon in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), and relate their concentrations to the grazers' body reserves, growth and recruitment. During our sampling in January/February 2003, the proxy for sea ice diatoms (a di-unsaturated HBI termed IPSO25, δ13C = −12.5 ± 3.3 ‰) occurred in open waters of the western Scotia Sea, where seasonal ice retreat was slow. In suspended matter, IPSO25 was present at a few stations close to the ice edge, but in krill the marker was widespread. Even at stations that had been ice-free for several weeks, IPSO25 was found in krill stomachs, suggesting that they gathered the ice-derived algae from below the upper mixed layer. Peak abundances of the proxy for MIZ diatoms (a tri-unsaturated HBI termed HBI III, δ13C = −42.2 ± 2.4 ‰) occurred in regions of fast sea ice retreat and persistent salinity-driven stratification in the eastern Scotia Sea. Krill sampled in the area defined by the ice edge bloom likewise contained high amounts of HBI III. As indicators for the grazer's performance we used the mass-length ratio, size of digestive gland and growth rate for krill, and recruitment for the biomass-dominant calanoid copepods Calanoides acutus and Calanus propinquus. These indices consistently point to blooms in the MIZ as an important feeding ground for pelagic grazers. Even though ice-conditioned blooms are of much shorter duration than the bloom downstream of the permanently sea ice-free South Georgia, they enabled fast growth and offspring development. Our study shows two rarely considered ways that pelagic grazers may benefit from sea ice: Firstly, after their release from sea ice, suspended or sinking ice algae can supplement the grazers' diet if phytoplankton concentrations are low. Secondly, conditioning effects of seasonal sea ice can promote pelagic primary production and therefore food availability in spring and summer.
Moisture transport and Antarctic sea ice: Austral spring 2016 event
Authors: Ionita Monica , Scholz Patrick , Grosfeld Klaus , Treffeisen Renate
Published: December 2017

Abstract. In austral spring 2016 the Antarctic region experienced anomalous sea ice retreat in all sectors, with sea ice extent in October and November 2016 being the lowest in the Southern Hemisphere over the observational record (1979–present). The extreme sea ice retreat was accompanied by widespread warming along the coastal areas as well as in the interior of the Antarctic continent. This exceptional event occurred along with a strong negative phase of the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and the wettest and warmest spring on record, over large areas covering the Indian ocean, the Ross Sea and the Weddell Sea. In October 2016, the positive anomalies of the totally integrated water vapor (IWV) and 2 m air temperature (TT) over the Indian Ocean, Western Pacific, Bellingshausen Sea and southern part of Ross Sea were unprecedented in the last 39 years. In October and November 2016, when the lowest daily sea ice concentration anomalies were observed, repeated episodes of poleward advection of warm and moist air took place, with the most intense episode occurring at the end of November 2016. These results suggest the importance of moist and warm air intrusions into the Antarctic region as one of the main contributors to this exceptional sea ice retreat event.
Designing a network of critical zone observatories to explore the living skin of the terrestrial Earth
Authors: Brantley Susan L. , McDowell William H. , Dietrich William E. , White Timothy S. , Kumar Praveen , Anderson Suzanne P. , Chorover Jon , Lohse Kathleen Ann , Bales Roger C. , Richter Daniel D. , Grant Gordon , Gaillardet Jérôme
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The critical zone (CZ), the dynamic living skin of the Earth, extends from the top of the vegetative canopy through the soil and down to fresh bedrock and the bottom of the groundwater. All humans live in and depend on the CZ. This zone has three co-evolving surfaces: the top of the vegetative canopy, the ground surface, and a deep subsurface below which Earth's materials are unweathered. The network of nine CZ observatories supported by the US National Science Foundation has made advances in three broad areas of CZ research relating to the co-evolving surfaces. First, monitoring has revealed how natural and anthropogenic inputs at the vegetation canopy and ground surface cause subsurface responses in water, regolith structure, minerals, and biotic activity to considerable depths. This response, in turn, impacts aboveground biota and climate. Second, drilling and geophysical imaging now reveal how the deep subsurface of the CZ varies across landscapes, which in turn influences aboveground ecosystems. Third, several new mechanistic models now provide quantitative predictions of the spatial structure of the subsurface of the CZ.Many countries fund critical zone observatories (CZOs) to measure the fluxes of solutes, water, energy, gases, and sediments in the CZ and some relate these observations to the histories of those fluxes recorded in landforms, biota, soils, sediments, and rocks. Each US observatory has succeeded in (i) synthesizing research across disciplines into convergent approaches; (ii) providing long-term measurements to compare across sites; (iii) testing and developing models; (iv) collecting and measuring baseline data for comparison to catastrophic events; (v) stimulating new process-based hypotheses; (vi) catalyzing development of new techniques and instrumentation; (vii) informing the public about the CZ; (viii) mentoring students and teaching about emerging multidisciplinary CZ science; and (ix) discovering new insights about the CZ. Many of these activities can only be accomplished with observatories. Here we review the CZO enterprise in the United States and identify how such observatories could operate in the future as a network designed to generate critical scientific insights. Specifically, we recognize the need for the network to study network-level questions, expand the environments under investigation, accommodate both hypothesis testing and monitoring, and involve more stakeholders. We propose a driving question for future CZ science and a hubs-and-campaigns model to address that question and target the CZ as one unit. Only with such integrative efforts will we learn to steward the life-sustaining critical zone now and into the future.
Sensitivity of young water fractions to hydro-climatic forcing and landscape properties across 22 Swiss catchments
Authors: von Freyberg Jana , Allen Scott T. , Seeger Stefan , Weiler Markus , Kirchner James W.
Published: December 2017

Abstract. The young water fraction Fyw, defined as the proportion of catchment outflow younger than ca. 2–3 months, can be estimated directly from the amplitudes of seasonal cycles of stable water isotopes in precipitation and streamflow. Thus, Fyw may be a useful metric in catchment inter-comparison studies that investigate landscape and hydro-climatic controls on streamflow generation. Here, we explore how Fyw varies with catchment characteristics and climatic forcing, using an extensive isotope data set from 22 small- to medium-sized (0.7–352 km2) Swiss catchments. We find that flow-weighting the tracer concentrations in streamwater resulted in roughly 26 % larger young water fractions compared to the corresponding un-weighted values, reflecting the fact that young water fractions tend to be larger when catchments are wet and discharge is correspondingly higher. However, flow-weighted and un-weighted young water fractions are strongly correlated with each other among the catchments. They also correlate with terrain, soil and land use parameters, as well as with measures of hydrologic response. Within individual catchments, young water fractions increase with discharge, indicating an increase in the proportional contribution of faster flowpaths at higher flows. We present a new method to estimate the linear slope of this relationship, which we call the discharge sensitivity of Fyw. Among the 22 catchments, discharge sensitivities of Fyw are highly variable and only weakly correlated with Fyw itself, implying that these two measures reflect catchment behaviour differently. Based on strong correlations between the discharge sensitivity of Fyw and several catchment characteristics, we suggest that low discharge sensitivities imply greater persistence in the proportions of fast and slow runoff flowpaths as catchment wetness changes. High discharge sensitivities, on the other hand, imply the activation of different dominant flowpaths during precipitation events, such as when subsurface water tables rise into more permeable layers and/or the river network expands further into the landscape.
Land use and land cover geoinformation properties and its influence on the landslide susceptibility zonation of road network
Authors: Meneses Bruno M. , Pereira Susana , Reis Eusébio
Published: December 2017

Abstract. This paper evaluates the influence of land use and land cover (LUC) geoinformation with different properties on landslide susceptibility zonation of the road network in Zêzere watershed (Portugal). The Information Value method was used to assess landslide susceptibility using two models: one including detailed LUC geoinformation (Portuguese Land Cover Map – COS) and other including more generalized LUC geoinformation (Corine Land Cover – CLC). A set of six fixed independent layers were considered as landslide predisposing factors (slope angle, slope aspect, slope curvature, slope over area ratio, soil, and lithology), while COS and CLC were used to find the differences in the landslide susceptibility zonation. A landslide inventory was used as dependent layer, including 259 shallow landslides obtained from photo-interpretation of orthophotos of 2005 and further validated in three sample areas (128 landslides). The landslide susceptibility maps were merged into road network geoinformation, and resulted in two landslide susceptibility road network maps. Models performance was evaluated with success rate curves and area under the curve. Landslide susceptibility results obtained in the two models are very good, but in comparison the model obtained with more detailed LUC geoinformation (COS) produces better results in the landslide susceptibility zonation and on the road network detection with the highest landslide susceptibility. This last map also provides more detailed information about the locals where the next landslides will probably occur with possible road network disturbances.
Internal hydraulic control in the Little Belt, Denmark – observations of flow configurations and water mass formation
Authors: Nielsen Morten Holtegaard , Vang Torben , Lund-Hansen Lars Chresten
Published: December 2017

Abstract. Internal hydraulic control, which occurs when stratified water masses are forced through an abrupt constriction, plays an enormous role in nature on both large and regional scales with respect to dynamics, circulation, and water mass formation. Despite a growing literature on this subject surprisingly few direct observations have been made that conclusively show the existence of and the circumstances related to internal hydraulic control in nature. In this study we present observations from the Little Belt, Denmark, one of three narrow straits connecting the Baltic Sea and the North Sea. The observations (comprised primarily of along-strait, detailed transects of salinity and temperature; continuous observations of flow velocity, salinity, and temperature at a permanent station; and numerous vertical profiles of salinity, temperature, fluorescence, and flow velocity in various locations) show that internal hydraulic control is a frequently occurring phenomenon in the Little Belt. The observations, which are limited to south-going flows of approximately two-layered water masses, show that internal hydraulic control may take either of two configurations, i.e. the lower or the upper layer being the active, accelerating one. This is connected to the depth of the pycnocline on the upstream side and the topography, which is both deepening and contracting toward the narrow part of the Little Belt. The existence of two possible flow configurations is known from theoretical and laboratory studies, but we believe that this has never been observed in nature and reported before. The water masses formed by the intense mixing, which is tightly connected with the presence of control, may be found far downstream of the point of control. The observations show that these particular water masses are associated with chlorophyll concentrations that are considerably higher than in adjacent water masses, showing that control has a considerable influence on the primary production and hence the ecosystem in the area.
Funding Science with Science: Cryptocurrency and Independent Academic Research Funding
Authors: Lehner Edward , Hunzeker Dylan , Ziegler John R.
Published: December 2017

Scientific funding within the academy is an often complicated affair involving disparate and competing interests. Private universities, for instance, are vastly outpacing public institutions in garnering large, prestigious, science-related grants and external research investment. Inequities also extend to the types of research funded, with government, corporate, and even military interests privileging certain types of inquiry. This article proposes an innovative type of science research fund using cryptocurrencies, a fast-growing asset class. Although not a total funding solution, staking coins, specifically, can be strategically invested in to yield compound interest. These coins use masternode technologies to collateralize the network and speed transaction pace and may pay dividends to masternode holders, allowing institutions that purchase these types of central hubs to potentially engage in a lucrative form of dividend reinvestment. Using cryptocurrencies as a new funding stream may garner large amounts of capital and creation of nonprofit institutes to support the future of funding scientific research within educational institutions.
El sufijo valorativo –"Vcchiare: estudio diacrónico"
Authors: Núñez Román Francisco
Published: December 2017

El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar la evolución histórica del sufijo valorativo italiano –Vcchiare. Tras el análisis de la naturaleza sufijal de –Vcchiare, en relación con otras posibles categorizaciones (infijo o interfijo), proponemos una hipótesis sobre su origen etimológico y realizamos un estudio de las bases léxicas a las que se aplica. La relación entre los diferentes tipos de bases y el significado léxico expresado por el sufijo, desde una perspectiva diacrónica, nos ofrece una panorámica de su productividad y su variación semántica, además de una descripción mucho más detallada de las funciones y valores de los diferentes alomorfos a lo largo de la historia del italiano.
Le "Regole grammaticali" di Giovan Francesco Fortunio e le grammatiche bilingui italiano-spagnolo nel Cinquecento.
Authors: Buono Benedict
Published: December 2017

Qual è stato l’influsso esercitato dalle Regole grammaticali della lingua volgare di G. F. Fortunio nella Spagna del Cinquecento? Per rispondere a questa domanda si è proceduto ad analizzare tre grammatiche bilingui italiano-spagnolo, diverse per impostazione didattica e pubblico a cui erano rivolte, il Paragone della lingua toscana e castigliana di G. M. Alessandri d’Urbino (1560), le Osservationi della lingua castigliana di G. Miranda (1566) e l’Arte muy curiosa di F. Trenado de Ayllón (1590), per determinarne il modello ortografico e morfologico, stabilendone l’eventuale affinità con le Regole del Fortunio e o con le Prose del Bembo. Pur ascrivendosi a un modello di stampo letterario di ispirazione bembiana, ne emerge un’immagine in cui l’eredità del Fortunio a livello ortografico e morfologico dimostra di essere ancora ben presente e viva.
Gli spini della grammatica: una iunctura problematica nelle "Regole del Fortunio"
Authors: Prada Massimo
Published: December 2017

Un luogo del I libro della princeps delle Regole del Fortunio, nella sezione dedicata ai pronomi relativi e interrogativi, si offre a una lettura differente da quella corrente. In questo contributo la si descrive e si considerano alcune ragioni che la possono giustificare.
Construcción discursiva de la subjetividad en lengua inglesa: Cuando los viajeros se quejan a través de sus opiniones en TripAdvisor
Authors: Suau Jiménez Francisca
Published: December 2017

En este artículo analizamos las quejas de los viajeros en un corpus integrado por 80 opiniones o reseñas sobre cuatro hoteles, alojadas en la plataforma TripAdvisor en las categorías de puntuación “malo/pésimo” y “bueno/excelente”. El estudio se enmarca en el análisis del discurso interpersonal aplicado a géneros turísticos digitales (Mapelli 2008, 2016, Suau Jiménez 2011, 2012a, 2012b, 2014), con el propósito de caracterizar no solo el aspecto relacional entre autor y lector, sino también el proposicional o de contenido. Nos centramos en las quejas, ya que constituyen una parte fundamental de las opiniones. Abordamos la construcción de la subjetividad en la voz de los viajeros –del autor- a partir de la revisión de los marcadores de actitud, por aglutinar estos a la vez riqueza subjetiva y de contenido. Sin embargo, también consideramos los atenuadores, los realzadores y la auto-mención como marcadores interpersonales que participan en la modelación de dichas quejas. Los resultados apuntan hacia una construcción diferenciada de la subjetividad en las dos categorías analizadas, positiva y negativa, de TripAdvisor. Se sugiere que las estrategias discursivas resultantes obedecen al marco funcional pre-determinado por el fin comunicativo de cada categoría de opinión. Las implicaciones son de orden discursivo, metodológico y socio-lingüístico.
Influencia del corpus de habla en los patrones entonativos de Canarias
Authors: Dorta Josefa , Jorge Carolina
Published: December 2017

En el presente trabajo contrastamos el análisis acústico de la F0 de un corpus formal y espontáneo de oraciones declarativas e interrogativas emitidas por doce informantes, mujeres y hombres sin estudios y con estudios superiores, procedentes de zonas urbanas y rurales de dos islas canarias, El Hierro y Fuerteventura. El objetivo es comprobar si los resultados obtenidos en el corpus formal son extensibles a distintas situaciones de habla. El análisis acústico se complementa con un etiquetaje fonético-fonológico que parte del modelo Métrico-Autosegmental según las directrices expuestas en Dorta (ed. 2013). El corpus fijo o formal está integrado por un total de 648 frases y el espontáneo por 546. Los resultados corroboran en las declarativas la existencia del mismo patrón entonativo básico en todos los corpus. En las interrogativas herreñas se registra un esquema ascendente que desaparece a favor del circunflejo propio de las hablas canarias conforme aumenta el grado de espontaneidad de las emisiones; en Fuerteventura este último patrón es constante en todos los niveles de habla.
Análisis del sintagma nominal en chino y estudio comparativo con el español
Authors: Lu 鹿秀川 Xiuchuan
Published: December 2017

La Hipótesis del Sintagma Determinante propuesta por Abney (1987) ha cobrado gran importancia dentro del marco de Gramática Universal y ha despertado un gran interés en muchos investigadores (Li, 1996, 1998; Cheng y Sybesma, 1998; Liu, 2002; Wen, 2010, etc.), cuyos estudios se centran en probar si dicha hipótesis también puede aplicarse en chino, una lengua sin sistema de artículo. En el presente trabajo, analizamos las diferentes estructuras de sintagmas nominales en chino que sean capaces de expresar respectivamente la indefinitud, la definitud y la genericidad. A base de esto, presentamos pruebas para confirmar que en la lengua china también acepta la Hipótesis del Sintagma Determinante cuyo núcleo pueda ser el numeral yī (uno), el demostrativo zhè/nà (este/aquel) e incluso, algunas veces, el clasificador dependiendo de casos concretos. Además, discutimos las propiedades del nombre escueto en chino para encontrar la posibilidad de su aparición en diferentes posiciones sintácticas y de sus distintas referencias semánticas.
Actitudes lingüísticas hacia las variedades del español. Estudio empírico a partir de estudiantes universitarios de E/LE en Pekín
Authors: Song 宋扬 Yang , Wang王晋炜 Jinwei
Published: December 2017

En el presente trabajo, en base a la técnica del verbal-guise test, se estudian las actitudes lingüísticas y percepciones de noventa y seis alumnos chinos del E/LE hacia cuatro variedades lingüísticas del español: el español castellano, el mexicano, el colombiano y el argentino. Según los resultados obtenidos, descubrimos que, dada a la vitalidad del español castellano, los alumnos muestran una gran preferencia hacia esta variedad, lo cual refleja en que la mayor parte la valoran más positivamente frente al resto, ya que tienden a aprender su acento y por tanto, pueden identificar con más certeza.
Analysis of a Mini Core of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Accessions Based on Seed Morphometric Data
Authors: Jean-Baptiste, Yan Qichuan Quenum Florent
Published: December 2017

Seed morphometric parameters (seed area, length, diameter, circumference, roundness and aspect ratio) of 15 accessions were analysed. Measurements on seeds were taken with help of a Computer- Camera system. Variation among accessions and genetic relationships were estimated. Great variability was observed for all parameters studied. ¶High positive or negative correlation (r=0.726-0.963) was showed by Pearson’s correlation analysis for the seed metric data of the 15 accessions. The cluster analysis revealed that the 15 accessions could be grouped into three to five clusters according to the methods (Single or Complete Linkage) used. The principal components analysis showed that the first two components accounted for 99.3% of the variability. Morphometric characterization of seeds is rapid, reproducible, reliable and cost effective. This technique of digital imaging is strongly recommended for researchers from developing country like Benin, because of its efficiency.
Evidencia fósil de dinosaurios: un aporte a la historia de la paleontología en Centroamérica
Authors: Zuniga Leonel E.
Published: December 2017

Estudios geológicos y paleontológicos realizados en Centroamérica desde el año 2012, han generado una importante discusión sobre el tema del proceso geológico que dio origen a Centroamérica y en consecuencia la conexión entre América del Norte y América del Sur, lo cual afecta una serie de teorías importantes desde el punto de vista biológico. A finales del año 2015, se divulgó en círculos académicos de Honduras una investigación poco conocida sobre el único fósil de dinosaurio de Centroamérica, descubierto en Honduras en 1971. A partir de esta información se realizó una amplia revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de documentar reportes históricos de fósiles asociados a ecosistemas de dinosaurios en Honduras. La revisión documental se realizó en bibliotecas nacionales, el Archivo Nacional de Honduras, bibliotecas virtuales y bases de datos de colecciones en línea de museos de Estados Unidos, consultas vía correo electrónico y recolección de testimonios orales en localidades en el país. Entre los hallazgos relevantes se identificó registros de flora jurásica en Honduras y un reporte histórico de un posible fósil de dinosaurio. Por la relevancia científica que habría tenido la confirmación de este fósil de dinosaurio en Honduras, podría valorarse como uno de los registros fósiles más importantes de Centroamérica.Revista Ciencia y Tecnología No.20, junio 2017; 29-49
Edição 14 completa
Authors: Editorial Equipe
Published: December 2017

Versão da revista completa - 420 páginas
Representações da mulher na publicidade em Natal-RN: entre corpos estéticos e padrões hegemônicos da subalternidade na cena pública
Authors: Nunes Patrícia De Souza , Silva Josimey Costa da
Published: December 2017

Objetiva-se identificar como a mulher contemporânea é representada na publicidade na cidade de Natal-RN e quais os tipos de representações que emergem. O corpus da pesquisa corresponde às peças publicitárias veiculadas em outdoors localizados em uma importante avenida da cidade, a Senador Salgado Filho, e a produção dos dados ocorreu durante a segunda semana do mês de maio de 2017. Utiliza-se como aportes teóricos autores do campo da comunicação, de consumo, dos estudos de gênero, sexualidade e corpo, e de estudos urbanos, entre outros. Como resultado, propõe-se que o corpo feminino é hegemonicamente representado na cena pública conforme os padrões estéticos de subalternidade e objetificação.
Mídia, Consumo e Sociedade
Authors: Azevedo Junior Aryovaldo De Castro , Muneiro Lilian
Published: December 2017

Apresentação do dossiê "Consumo & Comunicação"
Do ato criativo à contestação da cultura do consumo
Authors: Matsuda Marco Takashi
Published: December 2017

Defesa da criação da capa da edição.
A rebelião no Compaj e a estética da violência no contexto cibercultural e ecossistêmico
Authors: Lopes Rafael De Figueiredo , Rodrigues Adriano Da Silva , Monteiro Gilson Vieira
Published: December 2017

A rebelião no Complexo Penitenciário Anísio Jobim (Compaj) em Manaus, no início de 2017, é considerada a segunda maior chacina carcerária da história do Brasil. Durante o massacre os presidiários produziram e divulgaram vídeos pelas redes sociais da internet. Neste artigo propomos uma reflexão com abordagem ecossistêmica, por meio de apontamentos contextuais, sinalizando acerca da midiatização e os efeitos da crise no sistema penitenciário, ocasionando a estetização da violência na sociedade cibercultural e algumas relações com o processo sócio-histórico.
O conteúdo relevante nas redes sociais da Oktoberfest Blumenau
Authors: Cardoso Moisés , Do Nascimento Luísa Rozinski Dias , Reis Clóvis
Published: December 2017

Com o aumento da conectividade digital entre os usuários, as novas marcas buscam se estabelecer no âmbito online, em especial nas redes sociais digitais, utilizando-as como meio de comunicação e para desenvolver estratégias publicitárias. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar a produção de conteúdo midiático da Oktoberfest Blumenau na rede social Facebook, considerando seu objetivo de comunicação e aspectos fundamentais da redação publicitária. O desenvolvimento da pesquisa teve por base teórica as redes sociais digitais para o turismo, o uso do Facebook pelas empresas, Oktoberfest de Blumenau. Os resultados apontam para a importância da criação de um relacionamento com os seguidores, através da oferta de informações relevantes para os seguidores e não unicamente anúncios promocionais.
Bauman e as identidades multiculturais fluídas
Authors: Bieging Patricia
Published: December 2017

Resenha: BAUMAN, Zygmunt. Identidade: entrevista a Benedetto Vecchi. Tradução de Carlos Alberto Medeiros. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar Ed., 2005, 112p.
A criação de circuitos de consumo nas cidades a partir da ressignificação dos territórios urbanos
Authors: Trein Sérgio Roberto
Published: December 2017

Especialmente na última década, uma quantidade considerável de ações e iniciativas coletivas passou a ocupar territórios como ruas, avenidas, praças, parques e terrenos vazios nas cidades. Os territórios ocupados por estas ações são espaços públicos, muitas vezes, degradados ou esquecidos, com os quais não se criam memórias afetivas e sem um uso maior dentro do contexto urbano. Através destas ações, busca-se uma recriação e uma ressignificação do território. Como parte deste processo, a midiatização ocupa um papel importante nesta tarefa de ressignificação, para que a sociedade possa interagir e gerar as articulações e as fricções necessárias. Através do estudo de cinco ações coletivas, o objetivo deste estudo será o de compreender de que forma novos processos de midiatização podem promover a ressignificação de territórios urbanos.
Consumo, publicidade e crises ambientais: uma análise crítica a partir de um estudo de caso
Authors: Nogueira Eduardo De Faria , Mansano Sonia Regina Vargas
Published: December 2017

O ciclo que envolve a exploração de recursos naturais, a produção, a publicidade, o consumo e o descarte tem gerado debates sobre as dificuldades de preservação do meio ambiente no contexto da organização sócio-econômica capitalista vigente. O presente artigo buscou problematizar especificamente o descarte e a destinação inadequados de lixo, abordando sua interface com a publicidade e a disseminação do consumo como prática naturalizada. Valendo-se de um estudo de caso, buscou-se dar visibilidade às ações de uma ONG que atua nesse segmento. Como resultado parcial, o estudo evidenciou a necessidade de uma análise crítica sobre a efetividade das práticas ambientais em nosso tempo histórico.
Nurse practitioners: Developing the next generation of health care leaders through an internship program
Authors: Twine Nicole , Fontenot Nicole , Sam Meagan
Published: December 2017

The current health care environment demands competent providers who possess advanced knowledge and skills necessary to care for an increasingly acute patient population. Nurse Practitioners (NPs) are uniquely positioned to meet the challenges of today’s health care climate because they blend their ability to treat illness with a strong emphasis on patient safety and outcomes while providing patient- and family-centered care. The role of the NP requires sophisticated clinical and critical thinking skills that foster the ability to synthesize theoretical, scientific, and contemporary clinical knowledge for the assessment and management of both healthy and illness states. It is crucial that NPs possess advanced skills to provide safe and effective patient care outcomes. The literature suggests that there is a transition period after graduation for novice NPs. Developing additional focused educational opportunities to supplement the training phase of their graduate education can better prepare student NPs and consequently enhance this transition phase. As a result, newly licensed NPs can deliver high-quality, safe patient care sooner after obtaining their advanced practice license. At a time when health care reform is rapidly evolving, it is critical that NPs are reliable, competent professionals. Houston Methodist Hospital created an employment-based educational opportunity for elite graduate NP students: Leading Education and Advancing Professionals (LEAP). This 12-month program is a structured evidence-based internship program that incorporates didactic training, clinical rotations, and simulation. Students are provided hands-on training that features interdisciplinary and collaborative care model components from experienced Houston Methodist NPs. The goal is to help develop the next generation of health care providers in which the expectation is to lead and not follow in meeting today’s health care challenges. The aim of this article is to present an overview of the LEAP program.
Operating room nurse residency and specialty educators: Paramount in the success of novice nurse retention
Authors: Brown LaSandra , Belgard Debbie , Washington Nakeisha , Grueso Sparkle
Published: December 2017

Perioperative service is one of the specialties of nursing in which a team approach is vital for optimal patient care. The registered nurse is responsible for coordinating and delivering safe patient care. Operating room (OR) nurses are responsible for applying fundamental applications of the nursing process while formulating plans of care unique to surgical patients. The growing shortage of nurses worldwide especially impacts highly complex areas such as the OR, where skills specialized are needed to care for patients. One of the largest challenges of a graduate nurse (GN) is becoming enculturated to new environments. Traditionally, OR nursing is a paradigm foreign in nursing curricula; this creates challenges in the GN population in applying their practical nursing skills to surgical patients. In an effort to combat ongoing knowledge deficits unique to OR nursing, Houston Methodist Hospital (HMH) created an OR nurse residency program. The literature suggests that specialty-specific nursing residency programs offer GNs essential tools for becoming successful in their transition. Additionally, research suggests reductions in nurse burnout and turnover rate among GNs with adequate training and preparation. The purpose of this article was to provide insight on the importance of introduction to the OR prior to graduating from nursing school and the importance of OR nursing specialty residency programs and specialty educators as they pertain to the ideal nursing transition, sustainability, retention, and favorable patient outcomes. A questionnaire was created to capture successful applicable practices; the questionnaire also provided an opportunity for GNs to suggest opportunities for program improvements. The questionnaire was used to explore feedback from the summer 2014 Operating Room (OR) residency program graduate nurses in an effort to capture improvements needed for future program success.
A culture of nursing excellence: A community hospital’s journey from Pathway to Excellence® to Magnet® recognition
Authors: Arthurs Kathy , Bell-Gordon Charyl , Chalupa Becky , Rose Alexis L. , Martinez Denise , Watson Jon Ann , Bernard David P.
Published: December 2017

Creating a culture of nursing excellence requires strategic planning, transformational leadership, and effective change management. The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) provides 2 programs that recognize nursing practice. The Pathway to Excellence Program® recognizes health care organizations that provide nurses with positive and safe practice environments. The ANCC Magnet Recognition Program®, the highest level of recognition for nursing, recognizes health care organizations that demonstrate excellence in nursing and quality patient outcomes. Both of these programs promulgate the valuable contributions of nurses to influence the practice environment and ultimately enhance patient outcomes. ANCC recognition, as either a Pathway to Excellence® or a Magnet® recognized facility, is a significant achievement for both the nursing enterprise and the organization. The transition from achieving Pathway to Excellence® recognition to Magnet® recognition requires organizational change management through transformational leadership and employee engagement at multiple levels. This article addresses one community hospital’s strategy to advance a culture of nursing excellence through integration of the Pathway to Excellence® 12 Practice Standards and enculturation of the Magnet® Model to achieve Magnet® recognition. The ADKAR® Model of change management was applied throughout this journey in a systematic approach that created awareness, desire, knowledge, ability, and reinforcement. Key strategies were implemented to engage employees and resources were provided to advance the culture of nursing excellence within the health care organization.
Societal Dimension of Energy Consumption – Exploring Environmental Inequality in China
Authors: Cao Guiying , Gao Junlian , Ren Ming , Ermolieva Tatiana , Xu Xiangyang , Rovenskaya Elena
Published: December 2017

From the social-ecological nexus perspective, environmental inequality is embedded in its root of social problem arising from income inequality. “The urgent global challenges of sustainability and equity must be addressed together” (IPCC2011). This paper intends to explore the link between house income inequality and environmental vulnerability in Rural of China. In the process of rural to urban dominated economy transformation, social structures are changing, and ecosystems are facing stress. Given China's dynamic economic and environmental situation, we aim to provide an assessment in the inequality of energy use and environmental effects in two different systems of urban and rural region in China. The paper deals with three questions: 1. how has household expenditure linked with the energy use directly and indirectly; 2. how has China challenged by inequalities between rural and urban household on the residential energy consumption; 3. how high is the emission estimated in the rural residential energy use? The analysis results indicate obviously that almost half rural family still use no-commercial energy and thus coal is the main commercial energy sources; the per capital CO2 emissions of rural region is much higher than urban region, which is driven by low energy efficiency and less advanced public infrastructure. It address the equity issues that policy should focus on energy affordability and promoting a transition away from biomass to other modern energy sources in rural China. In the paper, the input-output table is employed for accounting the indirect residential energy use and emissions, which is associated with the eight sectors of household expenditure. The data sources are from various household serveries and energy statistics in the period of 1990 to 2016.
Linkages between Trade Openness, Productivity and Industrialization in Nigeria: A Co-integration Test
Authors: Adofu Ilemona , Okwanya Innocent
Published: December 2017

This study examines the effect of trade openness and total factor productivity on industrial output in Nigeria. The data used for this analysis covers the period 1981-2015. The paper employs the VAR model in estimating the effect of trade openness on industrial output. The impulse response function and the variance decomposition are used to examine the response of industrial output to shocks in trade openness and total factor productivity. The results show that trade openness has a positive increasing effect on industrial output in Nigeria while the effect of total factor productivity on industrial output is found to be insignificant. The impulse response function shows over the long run period tfP negative effect on industrial output in Nigeria. The findings of this study certainly have important policy implications: it suggests that policies geared towards increasing trade openness should be encouraged as this tends to improve industrial output. This study contributes to economics literature by looking at the degree to which trade openness and total factor productivity influence industrial output in Nigeria.
The Evolution of a Professional Identity as Perceived by Saudi Student Nurses
Authors: Moola Shehnaaz
Published: December 2017

The professional identity of student nurses may fluctuate or even disintegrate when exposed to clinical realities. A self-identity must be integrated firstly with new expectations and modified within a social context to form a professional identity. In the process of developing a professional identity, student nurses either develop a self-concept within a professional role based on attributes, beliefs, values, motives, experiences, morals and ideals of who and what a nurse is, or lack to develop in this role. This study targeted to investigate the perceptions of Saudi student nurses in the evolution of a professional identity. A non-probabilistic and descriptive approach was selected for data collection. A Nurses Professional Identity Scale was constructed by the researcher to explore the evolution of a professional identity as perceived by Saudi student nurses. Mean scores indicated the importance of the self-presentation, self-image, self-esteem, self-categorization and self-concept as dimensions, which facilitates a professional identity. The p-values obtained for all the factors were less than the level of significance (p-value<0.05), which indicated the importance of all the associated factors. The significance of how student nurses identify themselves as professionals during the Baccaulearate program in various role formation has been emphasized. These roles are still undervalued by society and influences stereotypical attitudes.