bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESIGN AND EXPERIMENT OF PRECISION SEED METERING PLATE FOR EDIBLE SUNFLOOWER BY ADDING SEED GUIDE BAR
Authors: LI Fengli , CHEN Jianghui , LIU Keyi , ZHANG Jia , ZHANG Yaou , YIN Junchi , LIU Fei , ZHAO Manquan
Published: April 2024

In order to solve the problems of easy seed shedding and poor seed population mobility during sowing, a precision seed metering tray for edible sunflowers with seed guide strips was designed in this paper. This article aims to adjust the adsorption posture of sunflower seeds by designing three types of structures: triangular seed guide strip, rectangular seed guide strip, and diamond seed guide strip. Seed population motion simulation and seeding performance experiments were conducted on the seeder. The experimental results show that adding a triangular seed guide strip to the seeding tray has the best disturbance effect on the seed population, with the highest proportion of seeds in the first adsorption stance seed (the seed centroid was adsorbed) and the highest qualification index. The working parameters for the best seed metering performance were obtained: the rotating speed of the seed metering disc was 8.41 r/min, and the vacuum degree was 3.5 kPa.
APPLE DETECTION METHOD IN THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT BASED ON IMPROVED YOLOv5
Authors: CHEN Yongpeng , NIU Yi , CHENG Weidong , ZHENG Laining , SUN Dongchao
Published: April 2024

To improve the accuracy of apple fruit recognition, enhance the efficiency of automatic picking robots in orchards, and provide effective visual guidance for the picking robot, a target recognition network model based on improved YOLOv5 is proposed. Firstly, the original apple images collected and the data images obtained by different data enhancement methods are used to establish a dataset of 1,879 images, and the dataset is divided into the training set and the test set under 8:2; then for the problem of low detection accuracy of apple fruits in the natural environment due to the mutual obstruction of apple fruits, this paper modifies the backbone network of YOLOv5 by adding the attention mechanism of the Transformer module, the Neck structure is changed from the original PAFPN to BiFPN that can perform two-way weighted fusion, and the Head structure adds the P2 module for shallow down sampling; finally, the recognition test is performed on the dataset, and a comparative analysis is performed according to different evaluation indexes to verify the superiority of the proposed model. The experimental results show that: compared with other existing models and the single-structure improved YOLOv5 model, the comprehensive improved model proposed in this paper has higher detection accuracy, resulting in an increase of 3.7% in accuracy.
PARTICLE MOTION OF COATED CORN SEED ACCUMULATION PROCESS BASED ON DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: WANG Shihao , XIA Shouhao , CHEN Yongxin , LOU Chao , REN Dinglin , LI Zhaodong
Published: April 2024

The rolling friction coefficient was a fundamental parameter for particle modeling, but it was challenging to quantify for unevenly shaped corn seeds. If the rolling friction coefficients of corn with different guiding seeds and different shapes were not believed to be significantly different, direct simulation in EDEM would produce simulation distortion. This paper began by selecting three models with a relatively high proportion from five corn samples with various shapes (such as horse-tooth shape, spherical shape, oblate shape, and irregular shape, etc.) and modeling them according to the actual seeds. Due to the large disparity between seed models with different shapes, the study adopted the method of combining physical experiment and discrete element simulation, took the rolling friction coefficient as the independent variable and the angle of repose in the simulation test as the target value, and calibrated the rolling friction of various shapes of corn seed particles separately. Coated corn seeds' rolling friction coefficients were accurately predicted (0.0047 for horse tooth, 0.0058 for pyramid, and 0.049 for spherical shape). During the validation test, the calibrated simulation parameters were entered into EDEM for simulation, and the distribution of seeds on the seed platter was compared between the actual test and the simulation test. The results demonstrated that the difference in the sizes of key features was less than 5.60 percent, and the population boundary in the seed platter after calibration was closer to the actual situation, which improved the accuracy of the simulation.
ACCURATE NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHOD FOR POTATO SPROUTS FOCUSING ON DEFORMABLE ATTENTION
Authors: GENG Binxuan , DAI Guowei , ZHANG Huan , QI Shengchun , DEWI Christine
Published: April 2024

Accurate potato sprout detection is the key to automatic seed potato cutting, which is important for potato quality and yield. In this paper, a lightweight DAS-YOLOv8 model is proposed for the potato sprout detection task. By embedding DAS deformable attention in the feature extraction network and the feature fusion network, the global feature context can be efficiently represented and the attention increased to the relevant pixel image region; then, the C2f_Atten module fusing Shuffle attention is designed based on the C2f module to satisfy the attention to the key feature information of the high-level abstract semantics of the feature extraction network. At the same time, the ghost convolution is introduced to improve the C2f module and convolutional module to realize the decomposition of the redundant features to extract the key features. Verified on the collected potato sprout image data set, the average accuracy of the proposed DAS-YOLOv8 model is 94.25%, and the calculation amount is only 7.66 G. Compared with the YOLOv8n model, the accuracy is 2.13% higher, and the average accuracy is 1.55% higher. In comparison to advanced state-of-the-art (SOTA) target detection algorithms, the method in this paper offers a better balance between comprehensive performance and lightweight model design. The improved and optimized DAS-YOLOv8 model can realize the effective detection of potato sprouts, meet the requirements of real-time processing, and can provide theoretical support for the non-destructive detection of sprouts in automatic seed potato cutting.
Głębia znaczeń
Authors: Sokołowski Marek
Published: April 2024

Celem artykułu jest omówienie zagadnienia medialnego wizerunku kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego (1901–1981) stworzonego na potrzeby kultury popularnej w trzech filmach fabularnych: Prymas. Trzy lata z tysiąca Teresy Kotlarczyk, Wyszyński – zemsta czy przebaczenie Tadeusza Syki oraz Prorok Michała Kondrata. Filmy, z uwagi na fakt pokazywania osoby powołanej do stanu duchownego, kapłana Kościoła katolickiego poświęcającego się działalności religijnej, spełniają kryteria kina o tematyce religijnej. Podjętym zagadnieniem badawczym stało się ustalenie, czy filmowe produkcje o kardynale Wyszyńskim są filmowymi hagiografiami beatyfikowanego Prymasa Tysiąclecia, konfesyjnym kinem religijnym czy też jedynie nawiązują do jego biografii.
Odkrycie i znaczenie steli z Xi’an dla misji jezuickich w Chinach w XVII w. w ujęciu Historiae Sinarum Imperii Tomasza Szpota Dunina SJ (1644–1713)
Authors: Wadas Hanna
Published: April 2024

Artykuł dotyczy odkrycia nestoriańskiej steli w Xi’an, dawnej stolicy Państwa Środka, wzniesionej w 781, a odkrytej w 1625 r. Znalezisko przyciągnęło bardzo szybko uwagę niektórych pracujących w Chinach misjonarzy jezuickich, którzy zarówno badali stelę na miejscu, jak i opisali jej treść w raportach do generała zakonu. Zajmowali się nią również autorzy pierwszych monografii poświęconych historii misji Towarzystwa Jezusowego w Chinach, tacy jak Álvaro de Semedo, Michał Boym, Athanasius Kircher. Stela stanowiła ważne narzędzie ewangelizacyjne, gdyż dobrze wpisywała się w tradycyjne wartości kultury chińskiej, do których należał szacunek do ciągłości historycznej i konserwatyzmu. Tomasz Szpot Dunin wskazuje na potrójne znaczenie odkrycia. Po pierwsze, jej obecność wskazywała, iż wiara chrześcijańska była starożytną religią stojącą na równi z tradycyjnymi chińskimi religiami, takimi jak taoizm, buddyzm, konfucjanizm. Po drugie, zachowana inskrypcja podkreślała monoteizm religii chrześcijańskiej, co wpisywało się w działalność misyjną jezuitów, którzy, jak Matteo Ricci, próbowali udowodnić Chińczykom, że w zamierzchłych czasach byli oni monoteistami. Po trzecie, odnalezienie płyty przyczyniło się do sukcesu misyjnego w samej prowincji Shaanxi.
230 nm wavelength range far-UVC LED with low Al-composition differentiation between well and barrier layers of MQWs
Authors: Uesugi Kenjiro , Akaike Ryota , Ichikawa Shuhei , Nakamura Takao , Kojima Kazunobu , Tsuchiya Masahiko , Miyake Hideto
Published: April 2024

Reducing the average Al composition of Al
x
Ga1−x
N/Al
y
Ga1−y
N multiple quantum wells (MQWs) is an effective approach to increase the current injection efficiencies of far-UV-C LEDs (far-UVC LEDs). A reduction can be realized by decreasing the Al-composition differentiation between the well and barrier layers. Compared to conventional MQWs, a 230 nm wavelength far-UVC LED equipped with a single-Al-composition and a 39 nm thick light-emitting layer exhibits a higher external quantum efficiency (EQE). The EQE of far-UVC LEDs with low Al-composition differentiation (∼1%) is enhanced to approximately 0.6% and 1.4% under continuous wave operations at 230 nm and 236 nm wavelengths, respectively.
Urinary markers of pain in children in neonatal intensive care units: a cross-section study
Authors: De Oliveira e Souza Cassia Sueli , Salay Gerson , De Alcântara Sousa Luiz Vinícius , Da Costa Aguiar Alves Beatriz , Luciano da Veiga Glaucia , Moura Gascón Thaís , Luiz Affonso Fonseca Fernando , Feder David
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Repetitive exposition to pain negatively affects newborns development. Procedural pain in newborn in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) triggers a series of physiological, behavioral and hormonal disorders that may set off the impairment of the neurological development in preterm infants, who undergo long periods of hospitalization at a moment of physiological immaturity and fast brain development.
Objective: This study aimed not only to observe the pain score in newborns and infants when undergoing painful procedures in neonatal intensive care units but also to analyse urinary IL-8 and cortisol levels at such stressful moments.
Methods: Patients were submitted to venipuncture and to other methods of blood collection. Cortisol and IL-8 levels were measured by immunometric assay and chemiluminescence detection. For the collection of data regarding observation of neonatal pain, the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale was used with immediate results. To describe the qualitative variables, absolute and relative frequencies were used. For the quantitative variables with normal distribution, mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum were used.
Results: A total of 81 patients were included: 47 were submitted to venipuncture and 36 to other methods of blood collection. Significance for cortisol can be seen (p=0.04); however, IL-8 levels, when associated with the pain scale, were not sensitive enough (p=0.11).
Conclusion: The results showed that cortisol is a better marker for pain than IL-8, and its accumulation in urine may help the detection and interpretation of pain. Conclusion: Based on this information, nurses can step in to reduce the discomfort brought by painful procedures, and thus highlight humanistic practices in nursing assistance.
Birth Body Mass Index (Bmi) of Late Preterm and Early-Term Newborns
Authors: Alzineth Silva Campos Chiara , Ferreira Vitor Priscila , Ribeiro Simas Caliel , Maira Pereira Silvia , João Bertoli Ciro , Leone Claudio
Published: April 2024

Introduction: the nutritional status and the growth achieved by the newborn until birth have been used as a marker/indicator of early risks of morbidity and mortality. Even though BMI is a good marker of adiposity and is commonly used in older children and adults, there are still gaps in knowledge and there are few studies on the behavior of BMI according to gestational age.

Objective: to analyze the Body Mass Index (BMI) at the birth of late preterm newborns (34th to 36th week of gestational age) and early-term newborns (37th to 38th week of gestational age) and according to gestational age.

Methods: this is a descriptive, analytical, and quantitative study with 2,486 newborns, developed from the project’s database “Biometric characteristics at birth, of young adult women’s babies, in a municipality with a high human development index.” After collection, data consistency was verified. The analysis evaluated measures of central tendency and dispersion of values, in addition to correlations and regressions of their evolution according to gestational age.

Results: BMI scores Z distribution wasn’t different between male and female late preterm newborns as in early-term newborns. The same was observed concerning gestational ages. In terms of absolute BMI values, it was observed that late preterm newborns had a lower BMI (12.6 kg/m2) than early-term newborns (13.6 kg/m2). However, considering their gestational age, late preterm newborns were proportionally bigger than early-term newborns. A proportionally higher rate of BMI growth was observed in late preterm newborns, with a tendency to slow down in early-term newborns. As for weight gain, from the 37th week of gestational age, it tends to decrease compared to the reference values.

Conclusion: Regarding the BMI reference values, early-term and late-preterm newborns are equivalent. Late-preterm newborns have the same BMI Z-scores as reference values as early-term newborns.
A Theoretical Analysis of Top-rope Climbing Anchors Focusing on Redundancy and Relative Failure Potential
Authors: Chisnall Robert
Published: April 2024

With regard to top-rope setups using bolts, two versions of the cordelette, three versions of the quad, and a basic two-sling anchor setup are evaluated using a combinatoric analysis of component redundancy and failure potential. The two-sling setup offers complete active redundancy because each component is duplicated. Two loop knots are required to set up the quad and those knots have no backup. Similarly, the loop knot employed to create the cordelette’s master point of attachment is not redundant. Slings and cords utilized in top-rope anchors can be vulnerable to abrasion damage if the load shifts laterally during falls and lowers. Knots may be particularly susceptible to wear. The bulk and structure of anchoring knots are likely co-determinants of rock chafing and potential system failure. The characteristics of single and double versions of four loop knots are reviewed. Other setup characteristics and contextual factors are considered in this comparison.
Cost-Effectiveness of an Intensive Upper Limb Rehabilitation Therapy for Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: An Economic Evaluation of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: David Michael , Higashi Hideki
Published: April 2024

Background: Unilateral cerebral palsy is a major cause of childhood disability and a substantial economic burden. Intensive group-based therapy, consisting of hybrid constraint-induced movement and bimanual therapies, has been shown to be effective in improving specific quality-of-life domains in children with this disability. Our objective in this study was to assess if this intervention was cost-effective compared with standard care. Methods: An open-label, parallel, randomized controlled trial with an embedded economic evaluation of the intervention was conducted. A total of 47 children were randomized to either the intervention group (n = 27) or the standard care (n = 20) group. The effectiveness of the intervention was assessed using the Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life (Child) questionnaire across several domains. Nonparametric bootstrapping was used to quantify uncertainty intervals (UIs) for incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Results: The incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for the intervention were $273 (95% UI: $107 to $945) for Pain and Impact of Disability, $1071 (95% UI: -$5718 to $4606) for Family Health and $1732 (95% UI: -$6448 to $8775) for Access to Services. For the 4 remaining domains, the intervention was dominated by standard care. At a willingness-to-pay threshold of $1000, only for the Pain and Impact of Disability domain was the intervention likely to have a probability of being cost-effective exceeding 0.75. Conclusions: Other than the Pain and Impact of Disability domain, there was insufficient evidence demonstrating the intervention to be cost-effective over a 13-week time horizon.
Impactos da microbiota intestinal na prevenção do diabetes mellitus gestacional.
Authors: Barbosa Deborah Ferreira de Castilho , Wojcik Ana Letícia Loesch , Oliveira Isabelle Vitória Freire de , Orso Kamille Karoline , Lorencete Taisa Valques , Brumato Mariana Dias , Carvalho Izabelle Zanqueta
Published: April 2024

INTRODUÇÃO: o diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG) é uma doença endócrina designada por uma falta de tolerância à glicose que têm início no período gestacional, causando uma disfunção do hormônio insulina, que pode pode ocorrer de maneira variável entre as gestantes e entre os trimestres da gestação. OBJETIVO: o objetivo da elaboração desse projeto é analisar aspectos da microbiota materna que podem interferir positivamente na prevenção do diabetes mellitus gestacional. METODOLOGIA: foi realizada uma revisão de literatura, foram utilizados 16 artigos publicados nos últimos 8 anos e criteriosamente selecionados através de bases de dados como PubMed, Google acadêmico, LILACS e Scielo. Desses, 13 artigos foram utilizados para a elaboração de um quadro com resultados. RESULTADOS: a microbiota materna está intimamente ligada com a prevenção do diabetes mellitus gestacional. Dessa forma, foram observados que determinados padrões e também a suplementação com probióticos em quantidades adequadas podem estar relacionados com uma melhoria da qualidade gestacional, prevenindo possíveis complicações do DMG para a mãe e para o feto. CONCLUSÃO: conclui-se que, apesar da importância do uso de probióticos para a manutenção dos aspectos ideais da microbiota materna, também devem estar presentes outros fatores como uma alimentação saudável, ganho de peso que não ultrapasse os limites esperados e acompanhamento do binômio mãe e feto no período puerperal. Além disso, foi visto a importância da disseminação de orientações corretas a cerca da doença e de seu tratamento quando já instaurada para que complicações possam ser evitadas.
Transtorno do espectro autista: aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos
Authors: Soares Isadora Veras Araújo , Luz Lucas Moura Araújo , Escórcio Gilberto José de Brito Melo , Fontenele Jimmy Willy Nogueira , Costa Karen Noleto , Silva Mateus Mendes , Agnes Ana Carolina , Soares Gabriela Borges , Coelho Beatriz Lima , Bonato Hélen Rubia Crispim , Gheller Ariane Teixeira , Barros Priscila Ribeiro de Souza , Teixeira Bruno Gurgel , Oliveira Nathan Barros de , Braz Guilherme Luiz Amorim , Martins Jamilla Marques de Araújo , Gondim Pedro Augusto Miamae
Published: April 2024

Apresenta-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura acerca do transtorno do espectro autista (TEA), seus aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, bem como o impacto dessa condição na dinâmica familiar. O Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) é uma condição neurológica que afeta o desenvolvimento, impactando a comunicação, interação social e comportamentos repetitivos. Os sintomas variam amplamente, mas geralmente incluem dificuldades na comunicação verbal e não verbal, dificuldades na interação social, interesses restritos e comportamentos repetitivos. Utilizam-se critérios diagnósticos para definir o quadro, que pode coexistir com outras comorbidades. Há necessidade de uma equipe multidisciplinar para intervir na melhoria e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, assim como um tratamento voltado para os vários aspectos que esse transtorno apresenta, como os distúrbios de desenvolvimento, linguagem e comunicação.
Versatilidad y eficacia del acceso minipterional en aneurismas cerebrales. Experiencia de 200 casos.
Authors: Perales Iván , Cuellar Juan Cristobal , Peña Pablo
Published: April 2024

El acceso minipterional, ha mostrado ventajas frente al pterional clásico, así como frente a otros accesos mínimamente invasivos. Se describió la variante del acceso minipterional con colgajo interfascial, y su combinación con técnicas de la base del cráneo, para la resolución de la patología aneurismática no sólo de circulación anterior sino también algunos de circulación posterior, y otras patologías propias de la base del cráneo. La terapia microquirúrgica en los aneurismas cerebrales es pilar fundamental, demostrando seguridad y eficacia en distintas publicaciones internacionales, así como algunas ventajas respecto al tratamiento endovascular. Se realizó una tabulación y análisis de una base de datos prospectiva de los aneurismas cerebrales operados por el autor principal del trabajo en dos centros, entre 2017 y 2022, obteniendo un total de 200 casos; se registró el resultado clínico como favorable o desfavorable en base a la escala de Rankin modificada. En los resultados hubo predominio femenino con 57,5% (115 casos), con edad promedio de 63 años. 70% (140 pacientes) fueron aneurismas rotos, y 97% de circulación anterior. El resultado clínico funcional, fue analizado en los dos grupos por separado, aneurismas rotos y no rotos; se aplicaron pruebas estadísticas a los resultados. El crecimiento exponencial del tratamiento endovascular en el tratamiento de los aneurismas cerebrales ha demandado mayores esfuerzos por parte de los neurocirujanos microquirúrgicos en búsqueda de la mínima invasión y la obtención de buenos resultados. En cuanto al acceso minipterional en patología aneurismática, ha demostrado ser versátil y eficaz. La serie muestra el resultado clínico e imagenológico, de acuerdo a la técnica estándar descrita, para el manejo de aneurismas de circulación anterior, y algunos pocos de circulación posterior; evidenciando un adecuado desenlace clínico e imagenológico en gran porcentaje de pacientes, de acuerdo a la escala de Rankin modificada y la neuroimagen, en un seguimiento a mediano plazo, mostrando seguridad y la eficacia del tratamiento llevado a cabo en un centro regional de Chile.
Analysis of the Speech Portrait of Participants in Political Debates (The Case of Televised Debates of Candidates for Governor of the Region)
Authors: Pekarskaya I.V. , Fedotko L.V
Published: April 2024

This paper is a study of speech portraits of two candidates for the post of the head of the Republic of Khakassia — V. O. Konovalov and S. M. Sokol from the position of linguopersonology, linguopragmatics and the emerging field of linguistics — linguopolitical personology, the object of study of which is the linguistic personality of a politician. In the course of the study, the features of speech portraits are revealed, the characterisation of lexical, stylistic means and communicative features of V. O. Konovalov and S. M. Sokol’s speeches are presented.
Features of Cross-Cultural Transfer of Textual Landscape Models (Based on the Novel “Jane Eyre” by Sh. Bronte in English and Russian)
Authors: Pupynina V.D.
Published: April 2024

The material for the study was a card file of landscape models identified in the work “Jane Eyre”, written by the great English writer Sh. Bronte. The study of artistic landscape space was carried out with the aim of studying the features of cross-cultural transfer of landscape models, including landscape units translated asymmetrically and symmetrically from English into Russian.
“Loss of the Middle”: An Ontological Aspect
Authors: Bakeeva E.V.
Published: April 2024

The article examines the problem of the ontological status of the average and the question of the possibility of overcoming the growing polarization in various aspects of human existence. The main idea of the article is to affirm a special existential “localization” of the average in relation to opposing positions. It is noted that the intermediate position is not a simple “arithmetic mean” of two opposites. The topos of the average is located (established) in the dimension of the action of transcendence, which is ahead of any opposites. In turn, this action itself is conceptualized as a non-substantial “core” of subjectivity. It is the reactualization of subjectivity, which is subject to “exposure” and problematization in modern philosophy, that acts as a condition for overcoming polarization. The act of transcending opens up the semantic dimension of language and thinking, creating an environment for possible dialogue between opposing positions.
French language as Factor of Social and Cultural Changes in Russia in the 18–19th Centuries
Authors: Vasilenko O.A.
Published: April 2024

The article makes an attempt to identify the linguistic component in the processes of social and cultural transformation having been global in Russia in the 18–19th centuries. The research methodology is based on the idea of language being an active factor in the formation of the cultural landscape that reflects, activates and enhances cultural processes; this allows to identify a relatively independent linguistic component in the discussed transformations.
Extending Natural Mates in Euclidean	3-space and Applications to Bertrand Pairs
Authors: Navarro Alexander , Oh Yun Myung
Published: April 2024

In Euclidean 3-space, a family of curves, the co-successor, is motivated and then introduced in relation to the natural mate. A complete characterization of co-successors is proved, followed by an application of the co-successor towards describing Bertrand curves and their mates.
Maternal Nutritional Management and Care in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Helps Neonatal Physical Development
Authors: Zhu Liqin , Ye Zi
Published: April 2024

Maternal nutritional status during pregnancy is the key to determining the health of newborns, especially the nutritional intervention in the third trimester of pregnancy. In this study, we observed the difference between 62 pregnant women who received nutritional management and care and 46 pregnant women who did not in the third trimester and found that the use of nutritional management and care could improve maternal nutritional status, reduce the risk of hyperglycemia, and increase pregnancy weight gain. Meanwhile, nutritional management and care helped to mitigate the negative psychology of pregnant women, increase the spontaneous labor rate, and reduce the risk of macrosomia and low-birth-weight infants. In terms of newborns, nutritional management and care improved their weight, height, head circumference, and so on, providing a more reliable guarantee for their physical health. According to the above results, we believe that nutritional management and care should be popularized in obstetrics and gynecology.
Summary on the Development of Accounting and Auditing Practises towards IFRS-IAS/ISA in Jordan: Historical and Theoretical Perspective
Authors: Alharasis Esraa Esam , Haddad Hossam , Al-Shattarat Husni K. , Al-Ramahi Nidal Mahmoud
Published: April 2024

In this article, we take a look at the evolution of accounting in the Middle East [ME] region, with a focus on Jordan. We shall examine the major events in this region’s history and see how they relate to the global accounting agenda, changes in the local and international economic landscape, and other relevant developments. Pay close attention to how cultural and historical factors, in addition to worldwide accounting principles, impact the local accounting environment. The adoption of “International Financial Reporting Standards” [IFRS] by MENA nations is examined, along with the reasons and motives behind it, and the effects on the auditing and accounting professions as a whole. This marks a significant milestone in recent history. This article looks at the history of accounting and auditing in Jordan and how it has developed in relation to the International Accounting and Auditing Standards. It also discusses potential future advances in this field.
Topic highlight on texture and color enhancement imaging in gastrointestinal diseases
Authors: Toyoshima Osamu , Nishizawa Toshihiro , Hata Keisuke
Published: April 2024

Olympus Corporation developed texture and color enhancement imaging (TXI) as a novel image-enhancing endoscopic technique. This topic highlights a series of hot-topic articles that investigated the efficacy of TXI for gastrointestinal disease identification in the clinical setting. A randomized controlled trial demonstrated improvements in the colorectal adenoma detection rate (ADR) and the mean number of adenomas per procedure (MAP) of TXI compared with those of white-light imaging (WLI) observation (58.7% vs 42.7%, adjusted relative risk 1.35, 95%CI: 1.17-1.56; 1.36 vs 0.89, adjusted incident risk ratio 1.48, 95%CI: 1.22-1.80, respectively). A cross-over study also showed that the colorectal MAP and ADR in TXI were higher than those in WLI (1.5 vs 1.0, adjusted odds ratio 1.4, 95%CI: 1.2-1.6; 58.2% vs 46.8%, 1.5, 1.0-2.3, respectively). A randomized controlled trial demonstrated non-inferiority of TXI to narrow-band imaging in the colorectal mean number of adenomas and sessile serrated lesions per procedure (0.29 vs 0.30, difference for non-inferiority -0.01, 95%CI: -0.10 to 0.08). A cohort study found that scoring for ulcerative colitis severity using TXI could predict relapse of ulcerative colitis. A cross-sectional study found that TXI improved the gastric cancer detection rate compared to WLI (0.71% vs 0.29%). A cross-sectional study revealed that the sensitivity and accuracy for active Helicobacter pylori gastritis in TXI were higher than those of WLI (69.2% vs 52.5% and 85.3% vs 78.7%, respectively). In conclusion, TXI can improve gastrointestinal lesion detection and qualitative diagnosis. Therefore, further studies on the efficacy of TXI in clinical practice are required.
Characteristics of early gastric tumors with different differentiation and predictors of long-term outcomes after endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Zhu Hong-Yi , Wu Jie , Zhang Yuan-Miao , Li Fang-Lan , Yang Jin , Qin Bin , Jiang Jiong , Zhu Ning , Chen Meng-Yao , Zou Bai-Cang
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract, and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is the preferred treatment for early-stage gastric cancer. The analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of gastric mucosal tumors with different differentiation degrees and the influencing factors of long-term ESD efficacy may have certain significance for revealing the development of gastric cancer and ESD.

AIM

To analyze the features of gastric mucosal tumors at different differentiation levels, and to explore the prognostic factors of ESD.

METHODS

We retrospectively studied 301 lesions in 285 patients at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2014 to 2021, according to the latest Japanese guidelines (sixth edition), and divided them into low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), and differentiated and undifferentiated early carcinoma. They are followed up by endoscopy, chest and abdominal computed tomography at 3, 6 and 12 months after ESD. We compared clinicopathologic characteristics, ESD efficacy, and complications with different degrees of differentiation, and analyzed the related factors associated with ESD.

RESULTS

HGIN and differentiated carcinoma patients were significantly older compared with LGIN patients (P < 0.001) and accounted for more 0-IIc (P < 0.001), atrophic gastritis was common (P < 0.001), and irregular microvascular patterns (IMVPs) and demarcation lines (DLs) were more obvious (P < 0.001). There was more infiltration in the undifferentiated carcinoma tissue (P < 0.001), more abnormal folds and poorer mucosal peristalsis (P < 0.001), and more obvious IMVPs, irregular microsurface patterns and DLs (P < 0.05) than in the LGIN and HGIN tissues. The disease-free survival rates at 2, 5, and 8 years after ESD were 95.0%, 90.1%, and 86.9%, respectively. Undifferentiated lesions (HR 5.066), white moss (HR 7.187), incomplete resection (HR 3.658), and multiple primary cancers (HR 2.462) were significantly associated with poor prognosis.

CONCLUSION

Differentiations of gastric mucosal tumors have different epidemiological and endoscopic characteristics, which are closely related to the safety and efficacy of ESD.
Influence of load parameters during landslide slope reinforcement with soil nails based on self-drilling hollow steel bars on their bearing capacity and strength properties
Authors: Kharichkin A. I. , Babich D. D. , Galimov I. M. , Chernyatin D. V.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Soil nails are widely used to reinforce landslide slopes and ground-retaining structures in many countries, including Russia. The interaction of soil nails with the soil base is of high interest to both engineers and researchers. The method of increasing the stability of landslide slopes with soil nails has proved to be versatile and cost-effective. However, the process of designing soil nails is usually carried out using empirical and semi-empirical methods that may ignore a number of important factors.

Aim. To determine the most optimal angle of soil nail inclination, as well as to analyze the characteristics of soil movement of a landslide slope along a potential sliding surface and their influence on the bearing capacity of the soil nail and its strength characteristics.

Materials and methods. A review of scientific publications on the influence of load parameters during landslide slope reinforcement with soil nails based on self-drilling hollow steel bar on their bearing capacity and strength properties was carried out. The review sample included 11 publications most relevant to the topic under study. Calculations were carried out using the PLAXIS 2D software environment.

Results. The conducted calculations and literature review allowed the optimal angle of soil nail inclination in the slope to be established, which corresponds to a value ranging from 0° to 5° to the horizon. The study also showed that the development of shear stresses along the soil nail in time exhibits a non-uniform nature. Therefore, the assumption of a constant value of shear stresses along the entire length of the nail or anchor root can lead to an overestimation of the soil bearing capacity.

Conclusions. The obtained results have confirmed the relevance of further research into the influence of load parameters during the reinforcement of landslide slopes using soil nails.
CHANGES AND PROBLEMS IN THE SOCIAL SITUATION OF THE RURAL POPULATION IN THE FIRST YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE
Authors:   Doctor Of Philosophy In History (Phd) Termez State University, Uzbekistan, Choriyevna Jumayeva Shohida
Published: April 2024

In this article, the reforms implemented in the agrarian sector during the years of independence and its results and problems are analyzed from a historical point of view.
Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare
Authors: Nam Nguyen Nhat , Tran Nguyen Khoi Song , Nguyen Tan Tai , Trai Nguyen Ngoc , Thuy Nguyen Phuong , Do Hoang Dang Khoa , Tran Nhu Hoa Thi , Trinh Kieu The Loan
Published: April 2024

Antioxidants play an important role in the prevention of oxidative stress and have been widely used in medicine and healthcare. However, natural antioxidants have several limitations such as low stability, difficult long-term storage, and high cost of large-scale production. Along with significant advances in nanotechnology, nanomaterials have emerged as a promising solution to improve the limitations of natural antioxidants because of their high stability, easy storage, time effectiveness, and low cost. Among various types of nanomaterials exhibiting antioxidant activity, metal-based nanoantioxidants show excellent reactivity because of the presence of an unpaired electron in their atomic structure. In this review, we summarize some novel metal-based nanoantioxidants and classify them into two main categories, namely chain-breaking and preventive antioxidant nanomaterials. In addition, the applications of antioxidant nanomaterials in medicine and healthcare are also discussed. This review provides a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of metal-based nanoantioxidants and a guideline for using these nanomaterials in medicine and healthcare.
The Ullmann coupling reaction catalyzed by a highly reactive rhodium-aryl complex derived from Grignard reagent and its application
Authors: Sato Kazuyuki , Teranishi Satoki , Sakaue Atsushi , Karuo Yukiko , Tarui Atsushi , Kawai Kentaro , Takeda Hiroyuki , Kinashi Tatsuo , Omote Masaaki
Published: April 2024

A novel Rh-catalyzed one-pot Ullmann homo-coupling reaction of Grignard reagents was achieved. The reaction with bromobenzenes having an electron-donating group or halogen group gave the corresponding homo-coupling products in good yields, although heterocyclic or aliphatic bromides did not give the products. A highly reactive Rh(III)-bis(aryl) complex would play an important role in giving the homo-coupling products in this reaction. The reaction was applied to the integrin inhibitor that was being developed in parallel. As the result, we synthesized a novel inhibitor for integrins which is critical for several diseases.
Evaluación del Riesgo Ambiental y a la Salud Humana Asociados a Altas Concentraciones de Plaguicidas en la Cuenca del Río Ayuquila Jalisco
Authors: Peña Velasco Gabriela , Martínez Rivera Luis Manuel , Rodríguez Arreola Ariana , Peregrina Lucano Alejandro Aarón
Published: April 2024

Recientemente un gran número de investigaciones a lo largo del mundo se han enfocado en estudiar el impacto de la contaminación del agua en la salud humana, evidenciando potenciales problemas de salud pública y efectos adversos al medio ambiente. Los factores antropogénicos han sido identificados como una de las principales causas de la contaminación de los recursos hídricos, en especial, el uso excesivo de plaguicidas, compuestos químicos utilizados en actividades agrícolas para mantener libres de maleza e insectos los cultivos, contrarrestando la creciente demanda de producción de alimentos. Siendo el estado de Jalisco el mayor productor agroalimentario de México en los últimos años, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue el monitoreo y determinación de 17 plaguicidas en 13 puntos diferentes de la cuenca del río Ayuquila, Jalisco durante los años 2015, 2016 y 2017. Entre los principales hallazgos se encontró la presencia de plaguicidas en todos los puntos de muestreo con frecuencias de detección en un rango del 10 – 100%, siendo el malatión el pesticida mayormente detectado durante los tres años del estudio. Finalmente, se calcularon los riesgos al medio ambiente (RQi) y la salud humana (HQ) demostrando que las concentraciones detectadas para diazinon, dimetoato, emamectina y malatión alcanzaron valores significativos (≥1) para representar un potencial riesgo a la población. Las concentraciones relativamente altas que fueron encontradas en este estudio sugieren que la presencia y alta tasa de prevalencia de plaguicidas en agua del río Ayuquila podría ser derivado de un intensivo aumento en el uso de mezclas de estos en las zonas agrícolas de la región.
Hipoxia Silente por COVID-19: Artículo de Revisión
Authors: Peña Jiménez Wilson Hipólito , Maldonado Gangotena Augusto , Vélez Páez Jorge Luis
Published: April 2024

Introducción: La hipoxia silente, es una de las condiciones más enigmáticas en personas afectadas con la COVID-19. Esta condición se caracteriza por una discrepancia entre la hipoxemia y los síntomas respiratorios, principalmente disnea. Objetivo: Describir los mecanismos propuestos en la fisiopatología de la hipoxia silente en pacientes con infección por SARS-CoV-2. Materiales y Métodos: Se revisó documentación relativa de bases de datos y repositorios (EMBASE, Pubmed, Scielo, Google Scholar) referentes a hipoxia silente publicadas entre enero 2020 a julio 2021. La metodología PRISMA se aplicó para la identificación, cribado, elegibilidad e inclusión de la evidencia encontrada. Resultados: Un total de 30 artículos cumplieron los criterios de inclusión y se incluyeron para la argumentación teórica relativa a la fisiopatología de la hipoxia silente por COVID-19. Conclusiones: Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos más relevantes en la génesis de la hipoxia silente incluyen la disfunción en los quimiorreceptores en los cuerpos carotideos, y en mecanorreceptores de la musculatura respiratoria, invasión del SARS-CoV-2 a los centros respiratorios centrales, núcleo del tracto solitario, núcleo ambiguo región cortical y límbica, el desplazamiento hacia la izquierda de la curva de disociación de la oxihemoglobina, lesión endotelial y disbiosis intestinal que generan hipercapnia leve e hipoxia tisular.
Innovación Pedagógica para Fomentar el Pensamiento Crítico en el área de Ciencias Sociales
Authors: Villon Vallejo Alexandra Diocelina , Sala Pazmiño Delia María
Published: April 2024

Este artículo se centra en investigar el impacto de estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras en el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico en el área de Ciencias Sociales. Se utilizó un enfoque mixto que combinó métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos para recopilar y analizar datos. La población objetivo consistió en estudiantes de secundaria de tres instituciones educativas urbanas, y se implementaron estrategias como el aprendizaje basado en problemas, el aprendizaje colaborativo y el aprendizaje basado en la indagación. Los resultados revelaron un aumento significativo en la capacidad de los estudiantes para analizar, evaluar y reflexionar críticamente sobre problemas sociales complejos. Se destacan las implicaciones prácticas y teóricas de estos hallazgos para la mejora de la educación en Ciencias Sociales. En conclusión, la implementación de estrategias pedagógicas innovadoras en el aula puede promover el pensamiento crítico y preparar a los estudiantes para enfrentar los desafíos de la sociedad contemporánea.
Fisiopatología del Dengue en Desnutridos
Authors: Almanza Martínez María Fernanda , Quessep Mendoza William Alejandro , Mondragón Zamora Silvia Angelica
Published: April 2024

El dengue y la desnutrición son dos problemas de salud significativos que afectan a comunidades en todo el mundo, especialmente en regiones tropicales y subtropicales. El dengue es una enfermedad viral transmitida por mosquitos, siendo el Aedes aegypti el principal vector. Sus síntomas varían desde fiebre y dolores musculares hasta complicaciones graves, como el dengue grave o hemorrágico. Por otro lado, la desnutrición se refiere a la falta de nutrientes esenciales en el organismo, comprometiendo el desarrollo y funcionamiento adecuado del cuerpo. Ambos problemas de salud pueden estar interrelacionados, ya que la desnutrición puede debilitar el sistema inmunológico, aumentando la vulnerabilidad a enfermedades como el dengue.
Climate and Adolescence Mortality: Exploring the Linkages
Authors: Siti Mariam Norrulashikin  , Siti Rohani Mohd Nor  , Nur Arina Bazilah Kamisan  , Nurul Syuhada Samsudin
Published: April 2024

The rising frequency of heat-related illnesses among adolescences, particularly during the dry season, is quite concerning. High temperatures and heatwaves have been proven in studies to aggravate pre-existing health issues and raise the risk of mortality in this demographic group. Climate change is projected to worsen current health concerns while also creating new ones, especially among vulnerable groups such as adolescents and young people. Unfortunately, there has been little study on the influence of climate change on death rates among Malaysian adolescents. As a result, the goal of this study is to look at the relationship between annual temperature and mortality rates among Malaysian adolescents. The study's specific goal is to evaluate the extent to which one of the climate change variables, which is temperature is linked to mortality rates in this demographic group. In this study, a linear regression model is used to analyse data from 1980 to 2021 to investigate the relationship between annual temperature and mortality rates among Malaysian adolescents. To isolate the influence of climate change on mortality rates, the study controls for a variety of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. The regression analysis results show that temperature is significantly associated with mortality rates among Malaysian adolescents. This study gives evidence of the major influence of climate change on mortality rates among adolescents and young people in Malaysia. The findings underline the critical need for targeted treatments and policies to address climate change-related health hazards and protect vulnerable groups.
A Novel Low-Tech Water Treatment System to Provide Safe Water for the Rural Poor
Authors:   School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada, McBean E.
Published: April 2024

While providing safe water for the rural poor is considered a basic human right, there are numerous issues associated with existing technologies with shortcomings. Performance issues have continued to fail to meet the needs of impoverished families due to issues including high cost, difficulties with performance, and continuing needs for maintenance. These issues have severely interfered the safe water accessibility. Key aspects of the Guelph water filter (GWF) system can avoid/minimize many of these issues. The GWF as described herein enables delivery of low cost, long-term performance at 3 log removal of E. coli and can deliver 1 to 3 L of treated water per hour. The GWF is simple to operate, has an ability to provide sufficient water for a family, maintains longevity of performance, is easy to maintain and has protection against breakage during the cleaning process, is repairable at village level, and operates using a sizable reservoir of water to supply raw water, meaning the technology does not need to be refilled frequently. Hence, the capability of the novel GWF technology is shown to bypass many of the troublesome features of alternative low-tech water treatment technologies. The potential for the GWF to function for 2 days continuously avoids the need for young girls to fetch raw water frequently during a day, thereby enabling them to attend school. Hence, the GWF enhances the potential to result in ‘safe water and full schools’, providing the opportunity for girls to receive education and capture socio-economic benefits for the community.
A Indústria na reconfiguração territorial brasileira : novas expressões dos dilemas nacionais no século XXI
Authors: Monteiro Neto Aristides , Silva Raphael de Oliveira , Severian Danilo
Published: April 2024

Neste capítulo foi discutido o padrão de reconfiguração territorial da indústria, suas formas e suas motivações, de maneira a problematizar alguns dos desafios mais significativos da questão regional brasileira atual. A experiência de desconcentração regional desse setor de atividade é relativamente recente no país, vindo a ocorrer apenas a partir da década de 1970. Sobreveio em momento de expansão e diversificação de seus ramos produtivos quando a indústria era motor dinâmico da economia brasileira. Contudo, já a partir dos anos 1990, o cenário foi alterado: o processo de desconcentração regional persistiu, ainda que em ritmo mais lento, porém passou a ser associado a um persistente declínio da participação industrial na economia nacional no contexto de uma expressiva redução da sua diversificação intrassetorial.