bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KARAKTERISTIK IBU DENGAN SIKAP DALAM PEMILIHAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI KB SUNTIK 3 BULAN DI BPS ARISMAWATI KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA TAHUN 2017
Authors: Katarina Iit Megalina Limoy,
Published: August 2021

HUBUNGAN ANTARA KARAKTERISTIK IBU DENGAN SIKAP DALAM PEMILIHAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI KB SUNTIK 3 BULAN DI BPS ARISMAWATIKABUPATEN KUBU RAYA TAHUN 2017Megalina Limoy1, Katarina Iit2Akademi Kebidanan Panca Bhakti PontianakEmail korespondensi: akbidpbpontianak@gmail.comAbstrakKontrasepsi pada keluarga berencana mengambil peran penting dalam mengendalikan laju pertumbuhan penduduk. Di Kabupaten Kubu Raya kontrasepsi KB suntik menempati posisi pertama dengan jumlah 23.140 orang sedangkan di BPS Arismawati selama 5 bulan terakhir yakni november 2016 sampai Maret 2017 KB suntik 3 bulan mendapat posisi pertama dibanding kontrasepsi lain sebanyak 548 orang. Sementara dalam keefektifan KB suntik, kurang dibanding kontrasepsi jangka panjang. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik ibu dengan sikap dalam pemilihan alat kontrasepsi KB suntik 3 bulan di BPS Arismawati Kabupaten Kubu Raya tahun 2017. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian analisis korelasi dengan jumlah responden 45 orang menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karakteristik ibu sebagian besar usia 20-35 tahun 27 orang (60%), sebagian besar berpendidikan rendah 29 orang (64%), sebagian besar berpengetahuan cukup 27 orang (60%), sebagian besar berpendapatan >900.000 32 orang (71%), sebagian paritas <2 atau 2, 22 orang (56%), sebagian besar jarak tempuh dekat dari BPS 30 orang (67%) serta sikap sebagian besar mendukung sebanyak 28 orang (62%). Hasil uji statistik yang diperoleh dengan uji chi square didapatkan bahwa usia dengan sikap dengan p 0,428 > 0,05 maka Ho diterima berarti tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara usia dan sikap ibu dalam pemilihan alat kontrasepsi KB suntik 3 bulan sementara pada karakteristik yang lain juga didapatkan p lebih besar dari 0,05. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa karakteristik ibu sebagian besar berpendapatan tinggi sementara itu tidak ada hubungan antara karakteristik ibu dengan sikap dalam pemilihan alat kontrasepsi KB suntik 3 bulan di BPS Arismawati tahun 2017. Disarankan perlu adanya upaya untuk memberikan arahan ataupun bimbingan konseling kesehatan kepada akseptor KB dalam menentukan penggunaan KB yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya sehingga peran dari KB itu benar-benar berjalan sehingga dapat menekan laju pertumbuhan pendudukKata Kunci: Kontrasepsi, Karakteristik, Sikap, KB Suntik 3 Bulan
HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS WAJOK HULU KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH TAHUN 2018
Authors: Elise Putri Telly Katharina,
Published: August 2021

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN IBU DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIFDI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS WAJOK HULUKABUPATEN MEMPAWAH TAHUN 2018Telly Katharina1, Elise Putri2Akademi Kebidanan Panca Bhakti PontianakEmail korespondensi : akbidpbpontianak@gmail.comABSTRAKAir Susu Ibu (ASI) Eksklusif berdasarkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 33 Tahun 2012 adalah ASI yang diberikan kepada bayi sejak dilahirkan selama enam bulan, tanpa menambahkan dan/atau mengganti dengan makanan atau minuman lain (kecuali obat, vitamin, dan mineral) (Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2017). Jumlah bayi yang berusia 0-6 bulan berjumlah 226 bayi bayi yang mendapat ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Wajok Hulu yaitu 31%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dengan pemberian ASI eksklusif. Metode penelitian analitik korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah yaitu 192 ibu dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 39 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 20 orang (51,28%) berpengetahuan baik, sebanyak 25 orang (64,10%) tidak memberikan ASI Eksklusif, hasil perhitungan x2 hitung > x2 tabel yaitu 6,57 > 5,991 sehingga Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak, maka dinyatakan ada hubungan antara pengetahuan ibu dengan pemberian ASI Eksklusif di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Wajok Hulu Kabupaten Mempawah Tahun 2018. Selalu memberikan informasi tentang pentingnya pemberian ASI Eksklusif dan membuat kelas untuk ibu menyusui agar lebih memudahkan penyampaian materi penyuluhan tentang pemberian ASI Eksklusif. Serta dapat melibatkan tokoh masyarakat untuk menyampaikan kepada ibu-ibu tentang pentingnya ASI Eksklusif demi terciptanya kesadaran ibu-ibu dalam memberikan ASI Eksklusif.Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, ASI Eksklusif
HUBUNGAN PERAWATAN TALI PUSAT MENGGUNAKAN KASSA KERING STERIL SESUAI STANDAR DENGAN LAMA PELEPASAN TALI PUSAT PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI PUSKESMAS SIANTAN HILIR TAHUN 2019
Authors: Megalina Limoy Elise Putri,
Published: August 2021

HUBUNGAN PERAWATAN TALI PUSAT MENGGUNAKAN KASSA KERING STERIL SESUAI STANDAR DENGAN LAMA PELEPASAN TALI PUSAT PADA BAYI BARU LAHIR DI PUSKESMAS SIANTAN HILIR TAHUN 2019Elise Putri1, Megalina Limoy2Akademi Kebidanan Panca Bhakti PontianakEmail korespondensi : akbidpbpontianak@gmail.comAbstrakSalah satu indikator derajat kesehatan di Indonesia adalah angka kematian bayi. World Health Organization pada Tahun 2016 menemukan angka kematian bayi sebesar 560.000 dari kelahiran hidup yang disebabkan oleh infeksi tali pusat. Infeksi tali pusat dapat terjadi dikarenakan perawatan tali pusat yang tidak sesuai standar. Sejumlah 39% ibu tidak melakukan perawatan tali pusat sesuai standar yaitu menggunakan kassa kering steril di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Siantan Hilir tahun 2019. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan perawatan tali pusat menggunakan kassa kering steril sesuai standar terhadap lama pelepasan tali pusat bayi baru lahir. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Deskriptif korelasi dengan analisa data Chi Square. Populasi yang diteliti 154 bayi. Pengambilan sampel dengan random sampling jumlah sampel 31 bayi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari hasil analisa data dengan Chi Square didapatkan hasil P-value 0,022 < α 0,05 maka H0 tolak Ha diterima. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan perawatan tali pusat menggunakan kassa kering steril sesuai standar dengan lama pelepasan tali pusat pada bayi baru lahir. Saran kepada pihak puskesmas untuk tetap memberikan informasi tentang perawatan tali pusat sesuai standar yaitu dengan kassa kering steril karena dapat dilihat dari hasil penelitian bahwa kassa kering steril sesuai standar efektif untuk melakukan perawatan tali pusat.Kata kunci: Perawatan Tali Pusat, Kassa Kering Steril, BBL
Gambaran Risiko Musculoskeletal Pain Pada Penari Dhadhak Merak Reog Ponorogo Di Ponorogo
Authors: Rahmanto Safun , Utami Kurnia Putri , Madani Asma' Izzatul
Published: August 2021

Latar Belakang : Koreografi merupakan salah satu unsur penunjang dalam tarian yang seringkali memperlihatkan gerakan ekstrim atau bukan merupakan gerakan normal. Sama halnya dengan kegiatan olahraga, gerakan tari juga dapat menyebabkan sebuah cedera terhadap penarinya salah satunya musculoskeletal pain. Tiap-tiap tarian memiliki teknik dan gerakan yang berbeda, hal inilah yang akan mempengaruhi jenis dan lokasi musculoskeletal pain yang dirasakan. Metode Penelitian : Penelitian yang dilakukan berbentuk penelitian kuantitatif dengan responden sebanyak 50 orang. Responden didapatkan secara acak denagn teknik pengumpulan data sendiri berupa survei yang disebar dalam bentuk kuesioner. Hasil : Sebanyak 50 penari dhadhak merak yang menjadi responden mengalami keluhan musculoskeletal pain paling banyak pada area bahu dan paha belakang  dimana sebanyak 41 responden (82%) melaporkannya. Kemudian pada punggung atas yang dilaporkan oleh 40 responden (80%). Dimana kategori nyerinya antara munculnya nyeri yang tidak mengganggu sampai dengan munculnya nyeri yang masih dapat ditoleransi. Kesimpulan : Keluhan musculoskeletal pain yang dialami oleh pada penari dhadhak merak banyak terjadi di area bahu pada kategori upper extremity, kemudian pada area paha belakang pada kategori lower extremity, dan di area punggung atas pada kategori neck and spine. Sedangkan untuk kategori nyeri yang paling sering muncul pada setiap area adalah kemunculan nyeri yang tidak mengganggu. Kata Kunci : musculoskeletal pain, lokasi nyeri, kategori nyeri, penari dhadhak merak reog Ponorogo.
Viktor Novytsky: an attempt at a scientific biography.
Authors: Usenko Igor
Published: August 2021

Introduction. Victor Izmailovich Novytsky played a significant role in the life of the pre-war Ukrainian Academy, in the development of historical and legal science and archival affairs. He was a researcher of the Commission for the study of Western Russian and Ukrainian law of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences and scientist-archivist of the Kyiv Central Archive of Ancient Acts. In 1938, the scientist was shot on falsified charges, and his creative legacy was artificially withdrawn from scientific circulation. It seems that the time has come to restore justice to the scientist and to give a proper assessment of his scientific achievements.
The aim of the article. The reconstruction of the scientist's biography, clarification of the composition and evaluation of its scientific heritage.
Results. The life and creative activity of V. I. Novytsky, a Kyiv intellectual in the third generation, was markedly influenced by his family and the city environment, his participation in the propaganda work of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party during his high school and university years. He was persecuted by the tsar for participating in the student movement, later became a member of the Ukrainian Central Rada (Central Council of Ukraine). Before the revolution, the researcher, doing science at his own expense, became an author оf a priority work on the history of the nobility of the 16th and 17th centuries. At the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences he prepared a number of problematic works on the history of Ukrainian law, in particular, of historiographical and methodological nature, developed the views of Mykhailo Hrushevsky on the stages of development of the law of the Ukrainian people. As a historian and archivist he was a profound connoisseur of act books, the author of interesting explorations of historical and geographical nature.
Conclusion. The life destiny of V. I. Novytsky, a jurist and historian of the first third of the twentieth century, seems quite instructive, and his creative achievements are still not really appreciated. Researchers have yet to return a number of his scientific works to scientific circulation, to fill numerous gaps in the biography of the scientist.
Perpetrator's identity – central issue of modern criminology (Some Aspects in the Context of Opposing Criminality)
Authors: Kozliuk Liudmyla
Published: August 2021

Due to the fact that our society lives in a state of criminality, this study theoretically attempts to show the value of research on the perpetrator's identity and the need to oppose criminality thereof. The purpose of the study is to understand one of the main components of the subject of criminology, which is the perpetrator's identity, to clarify his role and place in the opposing against criminality.
The study applied the principle of social naturalism. It is proved that the study of the identity of the perpetrator on the basis of the principle of social naturalism opens up new opportunities in finding, more successful influence on the behavior of persons committing criminal offenses. Because it determines that the core of the perpetrator's identity is an arbitrariness and illusions complex. Liquidation of which will help increase efficiency in the development and implementation of measures to opposing criminality. Under implementing countermeasures, it is important to know on what aspects to focus on to prevent the mechanism of criminal behavior. It is the study of the perpetrator’s identity from the standpoint of socio-naturalistic criminology opens the way for a successful response to the causes and conditions that shape the perpetrator’s identity and contribute thereof to manifestation in the commission of a crime.
The socio-naturalistic approach to the study of perpetrator’s identity allows the subjects of counteraction accordingly: develop countermeasures and respond to criminality in general.
It is argued that the positive aspect in opposing criminality directly depends on the perpetrator’s identity because through the knowledge of the personal characteristics of those who commit illegal acts, criminogenic factors of crime are explained. These are two interdependent processes. Scientifically substantiated researches of the perpetrator’s identity give the chance to carry out, to correct opposition to criminality. Thus, there is a natural formula: an effective study of the perpetrator’s identity is equal to the effective opposition against criminality.
It has been proven that effective research into the perpetrator’s identity is tied to a logical chain of solving extremely complex criminological problems, including the opposing against criminality. And the successful opposition to this socially negative phenomenon shows that there is an adequate influence on criminogenic factors that give rise to criminality, that is, that the developed measures to opposing criminality are effective. The close connection between the perpetrator’s identity and the opposition against criminality is that the perpetrator’s identity is central to the opposition against criminality, due to the fact that effective research on the perpetrator’s identity, it is possible to implement effective measures.
Country-by-country reporting: international experience of implementation
Authors:   SHEE “Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman”, KRYSHTOPA Iryna , NIKOLENKO Larysa ,   SHEE “Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman”
Published: August 2021

Considering the tasks set for Ukraine in frames of combating tax evasion of multinational enterprises, it is extremely important to bring the provisions of national legislation in line with international rules of tax administration. This primarily concerns the creation of institutional conditions in order to increase the financial flows transparency of multinational enterprises for tax administrations and enable them to obtain necessary information for identifying and assessing transfer pricing risks.Nowadays, more than 100 countries prepare a country-by-country report of an international group of companies, which discloses data on activities of certain enterprises in accordance with the requirements of national legislation and the unified standard of country-by-country reporting, approved by the OECD [1]. However, the analysis of domestic practice of reporting by countries of international group of companies, as well as the study of other regulations, which application allows metropolitan countries to ensure the transparent level of taxation of their multinational corporations, indicates the need for further improvement of domestic mechanisms for counteracting tax base erosion and exchange of information obtained in the framework of international exchange. This fact actualizes a chosen research topic. It is revealed that information disclosed in country-by-country reports gives the possibility for tax administrations to assess high risks of transfer pricing. In turn, the development of the mechanism for ensuring confidentiality and appropriate use of such reports will oblige taxpayers to careful adhere to transfer pricing rules and mandatory tax information exchange. The investigation of international experience in frames of implementation of uniform standards for the disclosure of information on income distribution and tax payments suggests the importance of country-by-country reporting. And identification of main trends in the field of international initiatives on issues of disclosure of income distribution information by groups of enterprises brings Ukraine closer to the consistent implemen­tation of this approach in practice of international groups of companies.
Financial depth in the context of the relationship with economic growth
Authors:   SE “Institute for Economics and Forecasting of NAS of Ukraine”, SHAPOVAL Yuliia
Published: August 2021

The generalization of quantitative and qualitative scientific approaches to the essence of financial depth enables to define it as a resulting characteristic that demonstrates the saturation of the economy with financial resources, that allows assessing the ability of the financial system to effectively mobilize and redistribute financial resources to achieve sustainable economic development. The retrospective analysis of empirical hypotheses linking the financial depth of the economy and economic growth suggests that while some scholars focus on the importance of financial depth in economic development, others emphasize the effects of financial crises caused by rapid financial deepening, in particular credit expansion. The focus of contemporary research is on the nonlinearity of the relationship between financial depth and long-term economic growth and on defining the limit of financial development, exceeding which inhibits economic growth or negatively impacts it. Among the positives of financial deepening is the expansion of access to financial resources (increase in the volume and diversification of financial instruments), reduction of income inequality and smoothing of consumption, diversification of production risks. Among the risks of financial deepening is the deterioration of the current account due to excessive lending, unproductive investment, growth in employment in non-productive sectors, limitation of the use of fiscal policy as an instrument of countercyclical policy. It is noted that formation of the financial depth of the economy depends on the characteristics of financial resources and as well in structural, macroeconomic, political and institutional factors of economic development. While the world tends to increase the ratio of financial assets, broad money, domestic credit provided by financial institutions, the capitalization of listed companies to GDP, in Ukraine since 2014 there has been a significant decrease in these indicators, which is not typical in comparison with countries with the same level of income and demonstrates the low level of financial depth of the domestic economy.
Critical infrastructure in the system of production and financial and economic relations "input-output"
Authors:   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”, KULYK Volodymyr
Published: August 2021

The production process in the system of economic cycle of the national economy, as well as the relevant tools for the study of production processes, is considered. The production infrastructure of the national economy is studied as an important part of critical infrastructure, reproduction processes. Production is considered in the context of the formation of added value by large groups of types of economic activity, at the institutional and regional levels, in the context of making management decisions at the macro- and microeconomic levels. The inter-industry balance sheet tools are defined as the basic one for assessing production processes and their criticality. To this end, aggregated three-sector input-output tables in producer’s prices for a number of countries have been prepared. Within their framework, the sectoral structure of the economy is considered, direct costs and full costs (Leontief matrix) are determined, indicators of criticality of the production infrastructure are determined. It is proposed to assess the criticality of production infrastructure using such parameters as the share of gross added value in output, the cost of sectors and the economy as a whole, the coefficients of impact and recall, the classification of industries into key, with direct and inverse impact, etc. Comparative studies of criticality indicators for a number of countries were carried out, in particular, direct costs and derivative indicators of criticality of the production system (Frobenius number, Frobenius vector, etc.) were determined. The proposed approaches to improving the parameters of criticality of the production infrastructure of the Ukrainian economy were worked out.
Transdisciplinary narrative discourse as a technological basis of financial interaction
Authors:   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”, LYUBICH Oleksandr , STRYZHAK Oleksandr ,   SESE “The Academy of Financial Management”
Published: August 2021

The conditions for ensuring financial interaction based on the identification and transdisciplinary consolidation of financial resources and technologies are described. For this reason systems of interactive knowledge bases on financial resources and presentation of their semantics based on the formation of growing pyramidal networks in the analysis of financial narratives are outlined . The conditions of stability of systems of such knowledge on the basis of their representation in the format of transdisciplinary narrative discourse are determined. The conditions of atypical representation of linguistic constructs of financial knowledge in the process of their transformation into an interactive knowledge system are determined. The use of lambda calculus notation for the formation of stable states of transdisciplinary narrative discourse is proposed. Financial interaction is determined through the relationship between financial assets and related services. To formalize them, a metacategory of transdisciplinarity is introduced, which is defined in their verbal activity, reflexivity and recursiveness. Moreover, transdisciplinarity defines such hyperproperty as "consolidated information". This allows you to activate in the process of financial interaction, which is manifested in the format of a cognitive-communicative act between the relevant information resources and financial decision makers. The set of transformations of taxonomic diversity of financial documents into the format of narrative discourse is described. Taxonomic diversity is defined as a set of hierarchically related alternatives to provide multicriteria choices in financial decision making. An ontology of the choice problem is given, which provides a correct interpretation of the financial decision. It is proposed to implement financial solutions on the basis of the ontology of the problem of choice.
Studi Komparasi Penelitian Morfosintaksis Kata Kerja See dan Hear dalam Novel Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows dan Terjemahannya
Authors: Kusuma Vica Ananta , Widyasari Widyasari
Published: August 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan perbandingan antara bahasa novel asli dengan versi terjemahannya. Sumber data diperoleh dari verba kata see dan hear dalam novel Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallow dan versi terjemahannya dalam bahasa Indonesia. Penelitian ini berfokus pada sususan gramatikal atau sintaksis. Apakah susunan, bentuk-bentuk bahasa sama atau tidak. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif komparatif untuk menggambarkan apa yang ada dalam data. Penelitian ini juga membandingkan novel asli dengan novel terjemahannya. Hasil penelitian ini adalah meskipun banyak verba tidak mengalami perubahan susunan gramatikal, ada juga yang mengalami susunan gramatikal.
ПЕРВОНАЧАЛЬНЫЙ ЗАМЫСЕЛ ТРИПТИХА ПАВЛА КОРИНА «АЛЕКСАНДР НЕВСКИЙ»
Authors: Энеева Наталья Тимуровна
Published: August 2021

Аннотация. Статья посвящена истории написания П. Д. Кориным известной его картины-триптиха «Александр Невский». Картина писалась в нелегких условиях идеологической цензуры, поэтому художнику пришлось вносить изменения в первоначальный замысел. Образ главного героя был связан с прообразом ветхозаветного царя и псалмопевца пророка Давида и отражал целый комплекс сложных символических представлений автора о власти и ее значении для общества. Автор статьи опирается на редкие, не публиковавшиеся материалы, которые позволяют в значительной степени реконструировать весь творческий путь художника, связанный с данной картиной.
Abstract. The article is devoted to the history of P. D. Korin’s writing of his famous painting-triptych «Alexander Nevsky». The painting was painted in difficult conditions of ideological censorship, so the artist had to make changes to the original design. The image of the protagonist was associated with the prototype of the Old Testament king and psalmist prophet David and reflected a whole complex of complex symbolic representations of the author about power and its significance for society. The author of the article relies on rare archival, unpublished materials, which make it possible to largely reconstruct the entire creative path of the artist associated with this painting.
ШТРИХИ К ПОРТРЕТУ МАРИНЫ МИХАЙЛОВНЫ ГРОМЫКО: ЧЕЛОВЕК И УЧЕНЫЙ
Authors: Казакова Апкаримова Елена Юрьевна
Published: August 2021

Аннотация. Краткие воспоминания представителя второго поколения учеников М. М. Громыко подчеркивают важный факт преемственности этого опыта ученичества, его долгосрочной природы. Автор воспоминаний подчеркивает, как важна была для нее личная встреча с человеком, о котором она до того много слышала и труды которого читала. Отмечается важность соединения в ученом двух начал: профессионального и личностного, что ярко присутствовало в М. М. Громыко.
Abstract. Brief memoirs of the second generation of M.M. Gromyko’s students emphasize an important fact about the continuity of this discipleship experience, about its long-term nature. The author of the memoirs emphasizes how important it was for her to meet a person about whom she had previously heard a lot and whose works she had read. The text emphasizes the importance of combining two principles in a scientist: professional and personal, which was clearly present in M.M. Gromyko.
Dual DNA Transfection Using 1,6-Hexanedithiol-Conjugated Maleimide-Functionalized PU-PEI600 For Gene Correction in a Patient iPSC-Derived Fabry Cardiomyopathy Model
Authors: Chien Chian-Shiu , Chien Yueh , Lin Yi-Ying , Tsai Ping-Hsing , Chou Shih-Jie , Yarmishyn Aliaksandr A. , Rastegari Elham , Wang Ting-Xian , Leu Hsin-Bang , Yang Yi-Ping , Wang Mong-Lien , Jheng Ying-Chun , Lai Henkie Isahwan Ahmad Mulyadi , Ching Lo-Jei , Huo Teh-Ia , Cherng Jong-Yuh , Wang Chien-Ying
Published: August 2021

Non-viral gene delivery holds promises for treating inherited diseases. However, the limited cloning capacity of plasmids may hinder the co-delivery of distinct genes to the transfected cells. Previously, the conjugation of maleimide-functionalized polyurethane grafted with small molecular weight polyethylenimine (PU-PEI600-Mal) using 1,6-hexanedithiol (HDT) could promote the co-delivery and extensive co-expression of two different plasmids in target cells. Herein, we designed HDT-conjugated PU-PEI600-Mal for the simultaneous delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 components to achieve efficient gene correction in the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived model of Fabry cardiomyopathy (FC) harboring GLA IVS4 + 919 G > A mutation. This FC in vitro model recapitulated several clinical FC features, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and lysosomal globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) deposition. As evidenced by the expression of two reporter genes, GFP and mCherry, the addition of HDT conjugated two distinct PU-PEI600-Mal/DNA complexes and promoted the co-delivery of sgRNA/Cas9 and homology-directed repair DNA template into target cells to achieve an effective gene correction of IVS4 + 919 G > A mutation. PU-PEI600-Mal/DNA with or without HDT-mediated conjugation consistently showed neither the cytotoxicity nor an adverse effect on cardiac induction of transfected FC-iPSCs. After the gene correction and cardiac induction, disease features, including cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, the mis-regulated gene expressions, and Gb3 deposition, were remarkably rescued in the FC-iPSC-differentiated cardiomyocytes. Collectively, HDT-conjugated PU-PEI600-Mal-mediated dual DNA transfection system can be an ideal approach to improve the concurrent transfection of non-viral-based gene editing system in inherited diseases with specific mutations.
Progress in Understanding Ferroptosis and Its Targeting for Therapeutic Benefits in Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injuries
Authors: Hu Xinli , Xu Yu , Xu Hui , Jin Chenqiang , Zhang Haojie , Su Haohan , Li Yao , Zhou Kailiang , Ni Wenfei
Published: August 2021

Acute central nervous system (CNS) trauma, including spinal cord injury (SCI) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), always leads to severe sensory, motor and autonomic nervous system dysfunction due to a series of processes, including cell death, oxidative stress, inflammation, and excitotoxicity. In recent years, ferroptosis was reported to be a type of programmed cell death characterized by the consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids and the accumulation of membrane lipid peroxides. The processes that induce ferroptosis include iron overload, imbalanced glutathione metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Several studies have indicated a novel association of ferroptosis and acute CNS trauma. The present paper reviews recent studies of the occurrence of ferroptosis, stressing the definition and process of ferroptosis and metabolic pathways related to ferroptosis. Furthermore, a summary of the existing knowledge of the role of ferroptosis in CNS trauma is presented. The aim here is to effectively understand the mechanisms underlying the occurrence of ferroptosis, as well as the relevant effect on the pathophysiological process of CNS trauma, to present a novel perspective and frame of reference for subsequent investigations.
Continuous Hydrogenation: Triphasic System Optimization at Kilo Lab Scale Using a Slurry Solution
Authors: Salique Florian , Musina Ancuta , Winter Marc , Yann Nedelec , Roth Philippe M. C.
Published: August 2021

Despite their widespread use in the chemical industries, hydrogenation reactions remain challenging. Indeed, the nature of reagents and catalysts induce intrinsic safety challenges, in addition to demanding process development involving a 3-phase system. Here, to address common issues, we describe a successful process intensification study using a meso-scale flow reactor applied to a hydrogenation reaction of ethyl cinnamate at kilo lab scale with heterogeneous catalysis. This method relies on the continuous pumping of a catalyst slurry, delivering fresh catalyst through a structured flow reactor in a continuous fashion and a throughput up to 54.7 g/h, complete conversion and yields up to 99%. This article describes the screening of equipment, reactions conditions and uses statistical analysis methods (Monte Carlo/DoE) to improve the system further and to draw conclusions on the key influential parameters (temperature and residence time).
Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Production Capacity in Clostridioides difficile
Authors: Rahmoun Layan Abu , Azrad Maya , Peretz Avi
Published: August 2021

Background

Clostridioides difficile(C. difficile) is one of the primary pathogens responsible for infectious diarrhea. Antibiotic treatment failure, occurring in about 30% of patients, and elevated rates of antibiotic resistance pose a major challenge for therapy. Reinfection often occurs by isolates that produce biofilm, a protective barrier impermeable to antibiotics. We explored the association between antibiotic resistance (in planktonic form) and biofilm-production in 123 C. difficileclinical isolates.

Results

Overall, 66 (53.6%) out of 123 isolates produced a biofilm, with most of them being either a strong (44%) or moderate (34.8%) biofilm producers. When compared to susceptible isolates, a statistically higher percentage of isolates with reduced susceptibility to metronidazole or vancomycin were biofilm producers (p< 0.0001, for both antibiotics). Biofilm production intensity was higher among tolerant isolates; 53.1% of the metronidazole-susceptible isolates were not able to produce biofilms, and only 12.5% were strong biofilm-producers. In contrast, 63% of the isolates with reduced susceptibility had a strong biofilm-production capability, while 22.2% were non-producers. Among the vancomycin-susceptible isolates, 51% were unable to produce biofilms, while all the isolates with reduced vancomycin susceptibility were biofilm-producers. Additionally, strong biofilm production capacity was more common among the isolates with reduced vancomycin susceptibility, compared to susceptible isolates (72.7%vs.18.8%, respectively). The distribution of biofilm capacity groups was statistically different between different Sequence-types (ST) strains (p=0.001). For example, while most of ST2 (66.7%), ST13 (60%), ST42 (80%) isolates were non-producers, most (75%) ST6 isolates were moderate producers and most of ST104 (57.1%) were strong producers.

Conclusions

Our results suggest an association between reduced antibiotic susceptibility and biofilm production capacity. This finding reinforces the importance of antibiotic susceptibility testing, mainly in recurrence infections that may be induced by a strain that is both antibiotic tolerant and biofilm producer. Better adjustment of treatment in such cases may reduce recurrences rates and complications. The link of biofilm production and ST should be further validated; if ST can indicate on isolate virulence, then in the future, when strain typing methods will be more available to laboratories, ST determination may aid in indecision between supportivevs.aggressive treatment.
Business Models for Negative Emissions From Waste-to-Energy Plants
Authors: Torvanger Asbjørn
Published: August 2021

Negative emissions of carbon dioxide will likely be needed to meet the <2°C warming above the pre-industrial level goal of the Paris Agreement. A major technology option is combining Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) in the industry and power sectors. Biogenic waste contributes a major share for the numerous waste-to-energy plants around the world. This implies that adding a CCS facility to a waste-to-energy plant could establish a value chain for negative carbon dioxide emissions. Hence a waste-to-energy plant could deliver four services to society: waste management and avoided pollution, service district heating system, remove carbon dioxide from fossil-based waste categories, and generate negative carbon dioxide emissions from biogenic waste. A major barrier to deploying Bio-CCS at a waste-to-energy plant is a high investment and operation cost for the carbon dioxide capture plant, combined with lacking reward for the negative carbon dioxide emissions. In this paper I explore promising business models that could incentivize owners of waste-to-energy plants to install CCS facilities, assuming that government has established an infrastructure for transportation and permanent storage of carbon dioxide, as well as the basic framework for accounting for negative emissions. The business models are either founded on waste renovation customers being able and willing to pay for the additional cost of producing negative emissions of carbon dioxide directly or through certificates, or investments in CCS being incentivized by government through a guaranteed price or tax rebates for negative emissions of carbon dioxide.
Early Prediction of Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling in First-Diagnosed Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Comparison of Linear Model, Random Forest, and Extreme Gradient Boosting
Authors: Xie Xiangkun , Yang Mingwei , Xie Shan , Wu Xiaoying , Jiang Yuan , Liu Zhaoyu , Zhao Huiying , Chen Yangxin , Zhang Yuling , Wang Jingfeng
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) is associated with decreased cardiovascular mortality and improved cardiac survival and also crucial for therapeutic options. However, there is a lack of an early prediction model of LVRR in first-diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy.

Methods: This single-center study included 104 patients with idiopathic DCM. We defined LVRR as an absolute increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) from >10% to a final value >35% and a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd) >10%. Analysis features included demographic characteristics, comorbidities, physical sign, biochemistry data, echocardiography, electrocardiogram, Holter monitoring, and medication. Logistic regression, random forests, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) were, respectively, implemented in a 10-fold cross-validated model to discriminate LVRR and non-LVRR, with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plot for performance evaluation.

Results: LVRR occurred in 47 (45.2%) patients after optimal medical treatment. Cystatin C, right ventricular end-diastolic dimension, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), left atrial dimension, left ventricular posterior wall dimension, systolic blood pressure, severe mitral regurgitation, eGFR, and NYHA classification were included in XGBoost, which reached higher AU-ROC compared with logistic regression (AU-ROC, 0.8205 vs. 0.5909, p = 0.0119). Ablation analysis revealed that cystatin C, right ventricular end-diastolic dimension, and HDL-C made the largest contributions to the model.

Conclusion: Tree-based models like XGBoost were able to early differentiate LVRR and non-LVRR in patients with first-diagnosed DCM before drug therapy, facilitating disease management and invasive therapy selection. A multicenter prospective study is necessary for further validation.

Clinical Trial Registration:http://www.chictr.org.cn/usercenter.aspx (ChiCTR2000034128).
Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Procedures for Bioprosthetic Valve Dysfunction in Patients With Rheumatic vs. Non-Rheumatic Valvular Heart Disease
Authors: Lopes Mariana Pezzute , Rosa Vitor Emer Egypto , Palma José Honório , Vieira Marcelo Luiz Campos , Fernandes Joao Ricardo Cordeiro , de Santis Antonio , Spina Guilherme Sobreira , Fonseca Rafael de Jesus , de Sá Marchi Mauricio F. , Abizaid Alexandre , de Brito Fábio Sândoli , Tarasoutchi Flavio , Sampaio Roney Orismar , Ribeiro Henrique Barbosa
Published: August 2021

Background: Bioprosthetic heart valve has limited durability and lower long-term performance especially in rheumatic heart disease (RHD) patients that are often subject to multiple redo operations. Minimally invasive procedures, such as transcatheter valve-in-valve (ViV) implantation, may offer an attractive alternative, although data is lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes in rheumatic vs. non-rheumatic patients undergoing ViV procedures for severe bioprosthetic valve dysfunction.

Methods: Single center, prospective study, including consecutive patients undergoing transcatheter ViV implantation in aortic, mitral and tricuspid position, from May 2015 to September 2020. RHD was defined according to clinical history, previous echocardiographic and surgical findings.

Results: Among 106 patients included, 69 had rheumatic etiology and 37 were non-rheumatic. Rheumatic patients had higher incidence of female sex (73.9 vs. 43.2%, respectively; p = 0.004), atrial fibrillation (82.6 vs. 45.9%, respectively; p < 0.001), and 2 or more prior surgeries (68.1 vs. 32.4%, respectively; p = 0.001). Although, device success was similar between groups (75.4 vs. 89.2% in rheumatic vs. non-rheumatic, respectively; p = 0.148), there was a trend toward higher 30-day mortality rates in the rheumatic patients (21.7 vs. 5.4%, respectively; p = 0.057). Still, at median follow-up of 20.7 [5.1–30.4] months, cumulative mortality was similar between both groups (p = 0.779).

Conclusion: Transcatheter ViV implantation is an acceptable alternative to redo operations in the treatment of patients with RHD and severe bioprosthetic valve dysfunction. Despite similar device success rates, rheumatic patients present higher 30-day mortality rates with good mid-term clinical outcomes. Future studies with a larger number of patients and follow-up are still warranted, to firmly conclude on the role transcatheter ViV procedures in the RHD population.
Endothelial GABBR2 Regulates Post-ischemic Angiogenesis by Inhibiting the Glycolysis Pathway
Authors: Zhang Hongze , Zhou Hong , Yuan Jianying , Nan Yong , Liu Jingquan
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Angiogenesis post-ischemia plays an essential role in preventing ischemic damage to tissue by improving the blood recovery. Determining the regulatory mechanism of ischemic angiogenesis, therefore, could provide effective therapeutics for ischemic injury.

Materials and Methods: The RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) database was used to predict the association of gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 (GABBR2) with endothelial-specific expression. The role of GABBR2 in angiogenesis was verified in vitro by downregulating GABBR2 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with lentiviral vectors. Besides, the in vivo effect of GABBR2 on the blood recovery of an ischemic hindlimb was demonstrated by establishing a hindlimb ischemia model in normal and GABBR2 adenoviral vector-infected mice. Then, the mobilization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in peripheral blood post-ischemia was determined by flow cytometry. Finally, the XF analyzer and Western blot were used to determine the effect of GABBR2 on endothelial metabolism.

Results: The RNA-seq results indicated a strong association between GABBR2 and endothelial revascularization, and the upregulation of GABBR2 was detected in both hypoxia-treated HUVECs and ischemic mouse hindlimb. Hypoxia treatment for 6 h increased the proliferation, migration, and tube formation of HUVECs, which were inhibited by GABBR2 knockdown. Additionally, GABBR2 downregulation significantly decreased the blood flow recovery of mouse ischemic hindlimb. The expressions of the EPC markers CD34+ and CD133+ significantly decreased in the peripheral blood in hindlimb post-ischemia. Mechanically, glycolysis-dominated metabolism of HUVECs was compromised by GABBR2 knockdown. Evidences of the decreased expressions of HKII, PFKFB3, and PKM1 also supported the compromised glycolysis induced by GABBR2 downregulation.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that GABBR2 regulated angiogenesis post-ischemia by inhibiting the glycolysis pathway.
Machine Learning Augmented Echocardiography for Diastolic Function Assessment
Authors: Fletcher Andrew J. , Lapidaire Winok , Leeson Paul
Published: August 2021

Cardiac diastolic dysfunction is prevalent and is a diagnostic criterion for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction—a burgeoning global health issue. As gold-standard invasive haemodynamic assessment of diastolic function is not routinely performed, clinical guidelines advise using echocardiography measures to determine the grade of diastolic function. However, the current process has suboptimal accuracy, regular indeterminate classifications and is susceptible to confounding from comorbidities. Advances in artificial intelligence in recent years have created revolutionary ways to evaluate and integrate large quantities of cardiology data. Imaging is an area of particular strength for the sub-field of machine-learning, with evidence that trained algorithms can accurately discern cardiac structures, reliably estimate chamber volumes, and output systolic function metrics from echocardiographic images. In this review, we present the emerging field of machine-learning based echocardiographic diastolic function assessment. We summarise how machine-learning has made use of diastolic parameters to accurately differentiate pathology, to identify novel phenotypes within diastolic disease, and to grade diastolic function. Perspectives are given about how these innovations could be used to augment clinical practice, whilst areas for future investigation are identified.
An Earthquake Early Warning System for Southwestern British Columbia
Authors: Schlesinger Angela , Kukovica Jacob , Rosenberger Andreas , Heesemann Martin , Pirenne Benoît , Robinson Jessica , Morley Michael
Published: August 2021

Southwestern British Columbia (BC) is exposed to the highest seismic hazard in Canada. Ocean Networks Canada (ONC) has developed an Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) system for the region. The system successfully utilizes offshore cabled seismic instruments in addition to land-based seismic sensors and integrates displacement data from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). The seismic and geodetic data are processed in real-time onsite at 40 different stations along the coast of BC. The processing utilizes P-wave and S-wave detection algorithms for epicentre calculations as well as incorporation of geodetic and seismic displacement data into a Kalman filter to provide magnitude estimates. The system is currently in its commissioning phase and has successfully detected over 60 earthquakes since being deployed in October 2018. To increase the coverage of the EEW system, we are in the process of incorporating detection parameters from neighbouring networks (e.g., the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network (PNSN)) to provide additional information for future event notifications.
The Nonlinear Radiative Feedback Effects in the Arctic Warming
Authors: Huang Yi , Huang Han , Shakirova Aliia
Published: August 2021

The analysis of radiative feedbacks requires the separation and quantification of the radiative contributions of different feedback variables, such as atmospheric temperature, water vapor, surface albedo, cloud, etc. It has been a challenge to include the nonlinear radiative effects of these variables in the feedback analysis. For instance, the kernel method that is widely used in the literature assumes linearity and completely neglects the nonlinear effects. Nonlinear effects may arise from the nonlinear dependency of radiation on each of the feedback variables, especially when the change in them is of large magnitude such as in the case of the Arctic climate change. Nonlinear effects may also arise from the coupling between different feedback variables, which often occurs as feedback variables including temperature, humidity and cloud tend to vary in a coherent manner. In this paper, we use brute-force radiation model calculations to quantify both univariate and multivariate nonlinear feedback effects and provide a qualitative explanation of their causes based on simple analytical models. We identify these prominent nonlinear effects in the CO2-driven Arctic climate change: 1) the univariate nonlinear effect in the surface albedo feedback, which results from a nonlinear dependency of planetary albedo on the surface albedo, which causes the linear kernel method to overestimate the univariate surface albedo feedback; 2) the coupling effect between surface albedo and cloud, which offsets the univariate surface albedo feedback; 3) the coupling effect between atmospheric temperature and cloud, which offsets the very strong univariate temperature feedback. These results illustrate the hidden biases in the linear feedback analysis methods and highlight the need for nonlinear methods in feedback quantification.