bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cross-Cultural Validation of Health and Quality of Life Measures for Children in Hong Kong
Authors: Sze Hiu Lam Helen , Fung Cheuk Lam Beanie , Cheung Pui Pui Phoebe , Chim Tsz Yuk Amy , Lee Ming Ho , Law Cheuk Chi Cynthia , Lau Wui Man Benson
Published: September 2022

Objective. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™) 4.0 is a health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure designed for clinical practice and research, health policy evaluation, and general population surveys. There is a dearth of instruments measuring quality of life in children which are available in Chinese and validated for Chinese populations. Therefore, this study attempted to establish the Hong Kong populations’ norms for the Chinese version of PedsQL™ and examined the psychometric properties of the measure for this population. Methods. Sixty-nine children (aged 7 to 12 years) and their parents completed the child self-report and the parent proxy report, respectively, of the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Module. To evaluate construct validity, a group comparison of children with special educational needs (SEN) (

n
=
21

) and those with typical development (TD) (

n
=
48

) was conducted. Differences based on age group and gender and parent–child agreement on the perception of the child’s HRQOL were also examined. Results. Children with SEN had a lower quality of life perception than those with TD in the physical, social, and schooling domains. No significant differences in emotional health were found between the two groups. The differences between the children with SEN and with TD varied based on age group and gender. The differences between the parents’ and children’s perceptions of the children’s HRQOL were insignificant in this sample. Conclusion. Norms for the Chinese version of the PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Module for the Hong Kong population were established in the study, and both the child self-report and parent proxy report were found to be reliable and valid for this population.
Prediction of Outlet Pressure for the Sulfur Dioxide Blower Based on Conv1D-BiGRU Model and Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Li Xiaoli , Xu Chengzhong , Wang Kang , Liu Zhiqiang , Li Guihai
Published: September 2022

The sulfur dioxide blower is a centrifugal blower that transports various gases in the process of acid production with flue gas. Accurate prediction of the outlet pressure of the sulfur dioxide blower is quite significant for the process of acid production with flue gas. Due to the internal structure of the sulfur dioxide blower being complex, its mechanism model is difficult to establish. A novel method combining one-dimensional convolution (Conv1D) and bidirectional gated recurrent unit (BiGRU) is proposed for short-term prediction of the outlet pressure of sulfur dioxide blower. Considering the external factors such as inlet pressure and inlet flow rate of the blower, the proposed method first uses Conv1D to extract periodic and local correlation features of these external factors and the blower’s outlet pressure data. Then, BiGRU is used to overcome the complexity and nonlinearity in prediction. More importantly, genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the important hyperparameters of the model. Experimental results show that the combined model of Conv1D and BiGRU optimized by GA can predict the outlet pressure of sulfur dioxide blower accurately in the short term, in which the root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.504, the mean absolute error (MAE) is 0.406, and R-square (R2) is 0.993. Also, the proposed method is superior to LSTM, GRU, BiLSTM, BiGRU, and Conv1D-BiLSTM.
[Retracted] Deconstruction of Clinical Treatment of Pneumonia and Respiratory Tract Infection Based on MRI Molecular Imaging
Authors: Jiang Lili , Shen Yan , Yu Zequan , Xu Wanli
Published: September 2022

Pneumonia is a major research core topic in the medical field, and clinical trials of pneumonia and respiratory tract infection have been ongoing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of Shuanghuanghua granules in the treatment of pneumonia and respiratory tract infection based on NMR molecular imaging, and to lay a foundation for the development of new drugs. In this paper, 126 patients were randomly divided into the control group, the treatment group 1, the and treatment group 2, and were given Fengreganmao granules, Shuanghuanghua granules (ultrafine preparation), and Shuanghuanghua granules (extract preparation), respectively. The main symptom scores, sign scores, antipyretic time, and virus content before and after treatment were recorded. Statistical analysis was carried out on this basis. The experiment showed that the body temperature of the subjects in the three groups before treatment was: control group (37.59 ± 0.78), treatment group 1 (37.8 ± 0.81), and treatment group 2 (37.6 ± 0.76). After treatment, the body temperature of subjects in the three groups was: control group (36.67 ± 0.71), treatment group 1 (36.49 ± 0.43), and treatment group 2 (36.19 ± 0.25). Experiments show that Shuanghuanghua granules can significantly reduce the nasal virus, adenovirus, parainfluenza virus, etc. in the patient’s body. And it can shorten the antipyretic time of patients and has good clinical application. In addition, this study gave full play to the role of MRI molecular imaging and provided ideas and references for the clinical treatment of pneumonia and respiratory tract infection.
Effectiveness and Mechanisms of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound on Osseointegration of Dental Implants and Biological Functions of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Liang Chao , Liu Xiu , Yan Yuwei , Sun Rongxin , Li Jun , Geng Wei
Published: September 2022

Dental implant restoration is the preferred choice for patients with dentition defects or edentulous patients, and obtaining stable osseointegration is the determining factor for successful implant healing. The risk of implant failure during the healing stage is still an urgent problem in clinical practice due to differences in bone quality at different implant sites and the impact of some systemic diseases on bone tissue metabolism. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a noninvasive physical intervention method widely recognized in the treatment of bone fracture and joint damage repair. Moreover, many studies indicated that LIPUS could effectively promote the osseointegration of dental implants and improve the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). This review is aimed at investigating the research progress on the use of LIPUS in dental implant medicine from three aspects: (1) discuss the promoting effects of LIPUS on osseointegration and peri-implant bone regeneration, (2) summarize the effects and associated mechanisms of LIPUS on the biological functions of BMSCs, and (3) introduce the application and prospects of LIPUS in the clinical work of dental implantation. Although many challenges need to be overcome in the future, LIPUS is bound to be an efficient and convenient therapeutic method to improve the dental implantation success rate and expand clinical implant indications.
Safety and Efficacy of Insulin and Heparin in the Management of Hypertriglyceridemia-Induced Pancreatitis in a Patient without Diabetes: A Case Report
Authors: Tolento Cortes Luis , Trinh Jessica , Le Mimi , Papayanis Philip , Tudtud-Hans Leah , Hong Lisa
Published: September 2022

Acute pancreatitis (AP) leads to a variety of complications, such as local or systemic inflammatory responses as well as organ failure. While choledocholithiasis and alcohol abuse are two of the most common causes of AP, hypertriglyceridemia causes AP with an incidence rate between 2 and 5%. The management of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis (HTGIP) is focused on the lowering of triglyceride (TG) levels, and the efficacy of therapies for the management of HTGIP may vary based on the hypertriglyceridemia etiology. The aim of this article is to report a case of a 43-year-old female with a history of familial hypertriglyceridemia and without diabetes who was admitted for acute pancreatitis with a TG level elevated to 4,435 mg/dL. The patient was treated with a combination of insulin, heparin, atorvastatin, and omega-3-acid ethyl esters, and her TG level was reduced to 880 mg/dL after 9 days of therapy. Despite the successful treatment of the patient, standardization of the approach for the treatment of HTGIP is needed. Future research should aim to identify the appropriateness of insulin therapy specifically in patients without diabetes presenting with hypertriglyceridemia and the dosing associated with optimal safety.
[Retracted] Network Sentiment Analysis of College Students in Different Epidemic Stages Based on Text Clustering
Authors: Song Zhenghuai , Dong Shanshan
Published: September 2022

In order to analyze the evolution trend of public opinion in emergencies and explore its evolution law, this paper constructs a network sentiment analysis model based on text clustering, where the emotion analysis part is based on the pretraining BERT model and BiGRU model, in which BERT is used as the word embedding model to extract the feature vector of emotional text and BiGRU is used to extract the context of the text feature vector to accurately identify the sentiment polarity of public opinion data. In addition, the K‐means clustering algorithm and Kolmogorov‐Smirnov Z test were used to divide the different epidemic stages. Compared with other methods, the model proposed in this paper has a great degree of improvement in accuracy, recall, and F1 score index, which provides an opportunity reference and effective detection means for schools at all levels to carry out timely mental health education and psychological intervention for students.
Lightweight Image Super-Resolution Based on Re-Parameterization and Self-Calibrated Convolution
Authors: Zhang Sufan , Chen Xi , Huang Xingwei
Published: September 2022

Image super-resolution technique can improve image quality by increasing image clarity, bringing a better user experience in real production scenarios. However, existing convolutional neural network methods usually have very deep network layers and a large number of parameters, which causes feature information to be lost as the network deepens, and models with a large numbers of parameters are not suitable for deploying on resource-constrained mobile devices. To address the above problems, we propose a novel lightweight image super-resolution network (RepSCN) based on re-parameterization and self-calibration convolution. Specifically, to reduce the computational cost while capturing more high-frequency details, we designed a re-parameterization distillation block (RepDB) and a self-calibrated distillation block (SCDB). They can improve the reconstruction results by aggregating the local distilled feature information under different receptive fields without introducing extra parameters. On the other hand, the positional information of the image is also crucial for super-resolution reconstruction. Nevertheless, existing lightweight SR methods mainly adopt the channel attention mechanism, which ignores the importance of positional information. Therefore, we introduce a lightweight coordinate attention mechanism (CAM) at the end of RepDB and SCDB to enhance the feature representation at both spatial and channel levels. Numerous experiments have shown that our network has better reconstruction performance with reduced parameters than other classical lightweight super-resolution models.
A Personalized Recommendation Algorithm for Semantic Classification of New Book Recommendation Services for University Libraries
Authors: Pang Nan
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of information technology and the Internet, it is difficult for university readers to find books of real interest or value from a large number of books by relying only on traditional retrieval-based services. This paper applies data mining technology and personalized recommendation algorithm based on semantic classification for new book recommendation service in university libraries. The personalized recommendation algorithm based on semantic classification establishes a book feature model and a reader preference model based on title keywords. The different recommendation strategies in the system framework are detailed. For the borrowing data of different colleges and departments, the improved association rule algorithm is used to mine the book association rules, and the reader’s borrowing history is matched with the association rules to generate a book recommendation list; according to the reader’s borrowing preference characteristics, the reader preference model is used as the basis. Class subdivision and then combined with the book feature model and reader preference model, the collaborative filtering recommendation algorithm and the content-based recommendation algorithm are applied to generate a book recommendation list. The active service method not only improves the service level of the university library, makes the development of the university library more comprehensive and humanized but also explores the potential information needs of readers, improves the borrowing rate of books in the collection, and maximizes the utilization rate of book resources. In the experiment of this paper, the personalized recommendation algorithm division of semantic classification is adopted. According to the division of its algorithm, the corpus is divided into 9603 training documents and 3299 test documents, with certain accuracy.
Optimization Methods for Feasible Deployment Planning of Future Mobile Networks
Authors: Araújo Welton Vasconcelos , Vieira Rafael Fogarolli , Silva da Silva Marcelino , Cardoso Diego Lisboa
Published: September 2022

The exponential growth of mobile traffic requires mobile operators to update their network infrastructure to provide greater capacity and better connections for end-users. A promising alternative is to deploy heterogeneous networks (HetNets) that combine macrocells and small cells; however, this alternative increases the complexity and cost of transport (connections between the small cells and the operator’s control center). Most planning strategies outlined in the literature are aimed at reducing the number of small cells without considering important aspects involving transport (access backbone). With the advent of centralized architectures, this point becomes essential, since it is necessary to consider the potential impact of the transport segment on the deployment cost of the network (with the advent of the fronthaul). In this sense, this work proposes an optimal multiobjective model of radio and transport allocation based on linear programming to minimize the total cost of the network and two efficient heuristics to obtain a near-optimal solution. Considering a real case study of the literature, we show the cost (financial and computational) of the optimal placement of radio and transport infrastructure and the limitations of the solution. We also compare the proposed function placement heuristic with the optimal solution in terms of cost efficiency and execution time and demonstrate that it can provide a good estimation of the deployment cost in a much shorter time, with an approximation of up to 10% in relation to the optimal model.
Efficacy of Rytigynia senegalensis Blume on Free Radical Scavenging, Inhibition of α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Activity, and Blood Glucose Level
Authors: Maidadi Barthelemy , Ntchapda Fidèle , Miaffo David , Kamgue Guessom Oulianovie
Published: September 2022

Rytigynia senegalensis (Rubiaceae) is a plant used in African medicine for the treatment of diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, and hypoglycemic effects of Rytigynia senegalensis extract (RSE). The contents of phenols, tannins, and flavonoids were determined by phytochemical screening. 2,2-Azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) were determined to evaluate the free radical scavenging capacity of the RSE. The inhibitory activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase was evaluated in vitro using the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition methods and in vivo using the sucrose and starch tolerance tests. The glucose tolerance test was performed on normal rats using doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of RSE. RSE contains total phenols (36.35 mg GAE/g of extract), flavonoids (11.91 mg QE/g of extract), and tannins (13.01 mg CE/g of extract). RSE exhibits significant radical scavenging activity on DPPH and ABTS radicals with an IC50 of 17.51 and 21.89 μg/mL, respectively. RSE showed an inhibitory effect on the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase with an IC50 of 308.93 and 354.13 μg/mL, respectively. RSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) caused a significant decrease in area under the curve and postprandial glycemia at 60, 90, and 120 min following the administration of starch or sucrose. Regarding the glucose tolerance test, RSE (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced postprandial hyperglycemia from the 90th min posttreatment. RSE lowered postprandial hyperglycemia and has antioxidant properties. These effects would be due to the presence of bioactive compounds in the RSE.
Novel Calcium-Binding Ablating Mutations Induce Constitutive RET Activity and Drive Tumorigenesis
Authors: Tabata Junya , Nakaoku Takashi , Araki Mitsugu , Yoshino Ryunosuke , Kohsaka Shinji , Otsuka Ayaka , Ikegami Masachika , Ui Ayako , Kanno Shin-ichiro , Miyoshi Keiko , Matsumoto Shigeyuki , Sagae Yukari , Yasui Akira , Sekijima Masakazu , Mano Hiroyuki , Okuno Yasushi , Okamoto Aikou , Kohno Takashi
Published: September 2022

Distinguishing oncogenic mutations from variants of unknown significance (VUS) is critical for precision cancer medicine. Here, computational modeling of 71,756 RET variants for positive selection together with functional assays of 110 representative variants identified a three-dimensional cluster of VUSs carried by multiple human cancers that cause amino acid substitutions in the calmodulin-like motif (CaLM) of RET. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that CaLM mutations decrease interactions between Ca2+ and its surrounding residues and induce conformational distortion of the RET cysteine-rich domain containing the CaLM. RET-CaLM mutations caused ligand-independent constitutive activation of RET kinase by homodimerization mediated by illegitimate disulfide bond formation. RET-CaLM mutants possessed oncogenic and tumorigenic activities that could be suppressed by tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting RET. This study identifies calcium-binding ablating mutations as a novel type of oncogenic mutation of RET and indicates that in silico–driven annotation of VUSs of druggable oncogenes is a promising strategy to identify targetable driver mutations.

Significance:

Comprehensive proteogenomic and in silico analyses of a vast number of VUSs identify a novel set of oncogenic and druggable mutations in the well-characterized RET oncogene.
Palbociclib Rechallenge for Hormone Receptor–Positive/HER-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Findings from the Phase II BioPER Trial
Authors: Albanell Joan , Pérez-García José Manuel , Gil-Gil Miguel , Curigliano Giuseppe , Ruíz-Borrego Manuel , Comerma Laura , Gibert Joan , Bellet Meritxell , Bermejo Begoña , Calvo Lourdes , de la Haba Juan , Espinosa Enrique , Minisini Alessandro Marco , Quiroga Vanesa , Santaballa Bertran Ana , Mina Leonardo , Bellosillo Beatriz , Rojo Federico , Menéndez Silvia , Sampayo-Cordero Miguel , Popa Crina , Malfettone Andrea , Cortés Javier , Llombart-Cussac Antonio
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

To assess the efficacy and exploratory biomarkers of continuing palbociclib plus endocrine therapy (ET) beyond progression on prior palbociclib-based regimen in patients with hormone receptor–positive/HER2-negative (HR+/HER2−) advanced breast cancer (ABC).

Patients and Methods:

The multicenter, open-label, phase II BioPER trial included women who had experienced a progressive disease (PD) after having achieved clinical benefit on the immediately prior palbociclib plus ET regimen. Palbociclib (125 mg, 100 mg, or 75 mg daily orally for 3 weeks and 1 week off as per prior palbociclib-based regimen) plus ET of physician's choice were administered in 4-week cycles until PD or unacceptable toxicity. Coprimary endpoints were clinical benefit rate (CBR) and percentage of tumors with baseline loss of retinoblastoma (Rb) protein expression. Additional endpoints included safety and biomarker analysis.

Results:

Among 33 patients enrolled, CBR was 34.4% [95% confidence interval (CI), 18.6–53.2; P < 0.001] and 13.0% of tumors (95% CI, 5.2–27.5) showed loss of Rb protein expression, meeting both coprimary endpoints. Median progression-free survival was 2.6 months (95% CI, 1.8–6.7). No new safety signals were reported. A signature that included baseline mediators of therapeutic resistance to palbociclib and ET (low Rb score, high cyclin E1 score, ESR1 mutation) was independently associated with shorter median progression-free survival (HR, 22.0; 95% CI, 1.71–282.9; P = 0.018).

Conclusions:

Maintaining palbociclib after progression on prior palbociclib-based regimen seems to be a reasonable, investigational approach for selected patients. A composite biomarker signature predicts a subset of patients who may not derive a greater benefit from palbociclib rechallenge, warranting further validation in larger randomized controlled trials.
Mass Cytometry Reveals Classical Monocytes, NK Cells, and ICOS+ CD4+ T Cells Associated with Pembrolizumab Efficacy in Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Rochigneux Philippe , Lisberg Aaron , Garcia Alejandro , Granjeaud Samuel , Madroszyk Anne , Fattori Stéphane , Gonçalves Anthony , Devillier Raynier , Maby Pauline , Salem Nassim , Gorvel Laurent , Chanez Brice , Gukasyan Jaklin , Carroll James , Goldman Jonathan , Chretien Anne Sophie , Olive Daniel , Garon Edward B.
Published: September 2022

Purpose:

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but predictive biomarkers of their efficacy are imperfect. The primary objective is to evaluate circulating immune predictors of pembrolizumab efficacy in patients with advanced NSCLC.

 Experimental Design:

We used high-dimensional mass cytometry (CyTOF) in baseline blood samples of patients with advanced NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab. CyTOF data were analyzed by machine-learning algorithms (Citrus, tSNE) and confirmed by manual gating followed by principal component analysis (between-group analysis).

Results:

We analyzed 27 patients from the seminal KEYNOTE-001 study (median follow-up of 60.6 months). We demonstrate that blood baseline frequencies of classical monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and ICOS+ CD4+ T cells are significantly associated with improved objective response rates, progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS). In addition, we report that a baseline immune peripheral score combining these three populations strongly predicts pembrolizumab efficacy (OS: HR = 0.25; 95% confidence interval = 0.12–0.51; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

As this immune monitoring is easy in routine practice, we anticipate our findings may improve prediction of ICI benefit in patients with advanced NSCLC.
JAZF1: A Metabolic Regulator of Sensitivity to a Polyamine-Targeted Therapy
Authors: Rosario Spencer R. , Jacobi Justine J. , Long Mark D. , Affronti Hayley C. , Rowsam Aryn M. , Smiraglia Dominic J.
Published: September 2022

Identifying and leveraging unique points of metabolic dysregulation in different disease settings is vital for safe and effective incorporation of metabolism-targeted therapies in the clinic. In addition, it has been shown identification of master metabolic transcriptional regulators (MMTR) of individual metabolic pathways, and how they relate to the disease in question, may offer the key to understanding therapeutic response. In prostate cancer, we have previously demonstrated polyamine biosynthesis and the methionine cycle were targetable metabolic vulnerabilities. However, the MMTRs of these pathways, and how they affect treatment, have yet to be explored. We sought to characterize differential sensitivity of prostate cancer to polyamine- and methionine-targeted therapies by identifying novel MMTRs. We began by developing a gene signature from patient samples, which can predict response to metabolic therapy, and further uncovered a MMTR, JAZF1. We characterized the effects of JAZF1 overexpression on prostate cancer cells, basally and in the context of treatment, by assessing mRNA levels, proliferation, colony formation capability, and key metabolic processes. Lastly, we confirmed the relevance of our findings in large publicly available cohorts of prostate cancer patient samples. We demonstrated differential sensitivity to polyamine and methionine therapies and identified JAZF1 as a MMTR of this response.

Implications:

We have shown JAZF1 can alter sensitivity of cells and its expression can segregate patient populations into those that do, or do not highly express polyamine genes, leading to better prediction of response to a polyamine targeting therapy.
Knowledge and Attitudes about Privacy and Secondary Data Use among African-Americans Using Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing
Authors: Ziegler Emily , Mladucky Janessa , Baty Bonnie , Anderson Rebecca , Botkin Jeffrey
Published: September 2022

Introduction: The rapidly expanding direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC GT) market is one area where narratives of underrepresented populations have not been explored extensively. This study describes African-American consumers’ personal experiences with and perceptions about DTC GT and explores similarities and differences between African-Americans and an earlier cohort of mostly European American consumers. Methods: Twenty semi-structured, qualitative interviews were held with individuals who self-identified as Black/African-American and completed DTC GT between February 2017 and February 2020. Interviews were transcribed and consensus-coded, using inductive content analysis. Results: Participants generally had positive regard for DTC GT. When considering secondary uses of their results or samples, most participants were aware this was a possibility but had little concrete knowledge about company practices. When prompted about potential uses, participants were generally comfortable with research uses but had mixed outlooks on other nonresearch uses such as law enforcement, cloning, and product development. Most participants expressed that consent should be required for any secondary use, with the option to opt out. The most common suggestion for companies was to improve transparency. Compared to European American participants, African-American participants expressed more trust in DTC GT companies compared to healthcare providers, more concerns about law enforcement uses of data, and a stronger expression of community considerations. Discussion/Conclusion: This study found that African-American consumers of DTC GT had a positive outlook about genetic testing and were open to research and some nonresearch uses, provided that they were able to give informed consent. Participants in this study had little knowledge of company practices regarding secondary uses. Compared to an earlier cohort of European American participants, African-American participants expressed more concerns about medical and law enforcement communities’ use of data and more reference to community engagement.
Durable Disease Control by RET Inhibitor Selpercatinib in a Heavily Pre-Treated RET Fusion-Positive Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Yokota Tomoya
Published: September 2022

Standard treatment for unresectable papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a multi-kinase inhibitor, including lenvatinib and sorafenib. Rearranged during transfection (RET) fusions are found in approximately 10% of PTC. Here, we present a case of metastatic RET fusion-positive PTC with long-term disease control by selective RET inhibition. A 72-year-old woman with PTC and multiple lymph nodes and lung metastases progressed after initial lenvatinib and subsequent sorafenib treatment. Reintroduction of lenvatinib led to marked tumour shrinkage. During the rechallenge with lenvatinib, molecular screening of the tumour specimen revealed a CCDC6-RET gene fusion. The patient was enrolled in a phase 1/2 trial of the potent and specific RET inhibitor selpercatinib. All target and non-target lesions responded to selpercatinib in parallel with a remarkable decrease in serum thyroglobulin levels. Although a new lesion appeared in the right adrenal gland 14 months after the initiation of selpercatinib, ongoing stable disease was observed in all lesions over 28 months, including the new adrenal lesion. Adverse events included grade 3 fatigue, grade 2 anorexia, and grade 4 thrombocytopaenia but were easily manageable by suspension and dose reduction of selpercatinib. Selective kinase inhibition with selpercatinib provides RET fusion-positive PTC with clinical benefits, even in patients heavily pre-treated with multi-kinase inhibitors. This case supports the importance of routine molecular profiling in patients with PTC to identify uncommon but actionable gene alterations, such as RET gene fusions.
A Deep Learning Model for Idiopathic Osteosclerosis Detection on Panoramic Radiographs
Authors: Yesiltepe Selin , Bayrakdar Ibrahim Sevki , Orhan Kaan , Çelik Özer , Bilgir Elif , Aslan Ahmet Faruk , Odabaş Alper , Costa Andre Luiz Ferreira , Jagtap Rohan
Published: September 2022

Objective: The purpose of the study was to create an artificial intelligence (AI) system for detecting idiopathic osteosclerosis (IO) on panoramic radiographs for automatic, routine, and simple evaluations. Subject and Methods: In this study, a deep learning method was carried out with panoramic radiographs obtained from healthy patients. A total of 493 anonymized panoramic radiographs were used to develop the AI system (CranioCatch, Eskisehir, Turkey) for the detection of IOs. The panoramic radiographs were acquired from the radiology archives of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University. GoogLeNet Inception v2 model implemented with TensorFlow library was used for the detection of IOs. Confusion matrix was used to predict model achievements. Results: Fifty IOs were detected accurately by the AI model from the 52 test images which had 57 IOs. The sensitivity, precision, and F-measure values were 0.88, 0.83, and 0.86, respectively. Conclusion: Deep learning-based AI algorithm has the potential to detect IOs accurately on panoramic radiographs. AI systems may reduce the workload of dentists in terms of diagnostic efforts.
Inocybe vaurasii (Agaricales, Inocybaceae), a new species of the I. xanthomelas group and similar European species with asteriform spores
Authors: ESTEVE-RAVENTÓS FERNANDO , PANCORBO FERMÍN , LARSSON ELLEN , TURÉGANO YOLANDA , MORENO GABRIEL , ALTÉS ALBERTO
Published: September 2022

Inocybe vaurasii is described as a new species belonging to Section Marginatae group Xanthomelas. A comparative morphological and molecular study has been carried out with other species showing basidiospores with stellate appearance and similar sizes: I. xanthomelas, I. humilis and I. subrimosa. An ITS bar code was obtained from type materials of all three of these species. The molecular analysis reveals that, despite the similarity in spore-shape, none of the species were closely related, but form distinct clades that are spread out within the Xanthomelas group. SEM photographs of the spores are provided for each of the species studied. A lectotype for I. subrimosa is designated and validated and the lectotype previously designated for I. xanthomelas is here validated.
Gastrochilus xizangensis (Aeridinae, Vandeae, Orchidaceae), a new species from Xizang, China
Authors: CHEN WEN-SHUAI , LEI MING , MA CHONG-BO , JIN XIAO-HUA , WANG XI-LONG
Published: September 2022

Gastrochilus xizangensis, a new species of Gastrochilus from Xizang, China, is described and illustrated based on morphological characters and DNA evidence. Morphological comparisons indicate that the new species G. xizangensis is highly similar to G. raraensis , G. deltoglossus and G. setosus, from which it differs by its lip with two ridges ranging from spur into central part, ridges with dense short hairs, lip margins membranous and white, sparsely with short hairs.
A new species, Bulbophyllum phanquyetii and a new national record of B. tianguii (Orchidaceae) from the limestone area of northern Vietnam
Authors: DANG MINH QUAN , AVERYANOV LEONID V. , DANG VAN SON , MAISAK TATIANA , BUI VAN HUONG , TU BAO NGAN , NGUYEN VAN CANH , TRUONG BA VUONG
Published: September 2022

Bulbophyllum phanquyetii, from Lai Chau Province was found and described as a new species for science. The new species looks similar to B. guttulatum and B. umbellatum but differs in the connate upper margin of lateral sepals, verruculose sepals and petals, and triangular stelidia. In addition, B. tianguii found in Ha Giang Province is firstly recorded for the orchid flora of Vietnam.
Kalanchoe gideonsmithii (K. subg. Kalanchoe; Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae), a further new species endemic to the Maputaland-Pondoland Region of Endemism in KwaZulu-Natal, eastern South Africa
Authors: CROUCH NEIL R. , FIGUEIREDO ESTRELA
Published: September 2022

The endemic South African species Kalanchoe gideonsmithii (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) is described from KwaZulu-Natal, the eastern-most province of the country. The entire natural geographical distribution range of the species falls within the species-rich Maputaland-Pondoland Region of Endemism. Kalanchoe gideonsmithii is related to K. rotundifolia and K. decumbens, but differs from both by having most plant parts, including the flowers, bluish purple-infused. The leaves of K. gideonsmithii are narrowly oblong, like those of K. decumbens, but longer and of greater diameter than those of the latter species. In contrast, the leaves of K. rotundifolia are mostly oblanceolate to obovate to round in outline. The reproductive morphology of K. gideonsmithii is constant in terms of the size and shape of the corolla tube and lobes, with the distal part of the corolla tube and proximal part of the corolla lobes invariably becoming tightly twisted post-anthesis, as in K. decumbens and K. rotundifolia. At the level of the ovary the corolla tubes of K. gideonsmithii are generally dark orange- to purplish blue-infused, rather than somewhat to distinctly green-infused, as is usually the case in K. rotundifolia and, to a lesser extent, K. decumbens. The upper part of the corolla tube is consistently bright orange-red, with the centres of the adaxial surface of the corolla lobes a similar colour, or sometimes very slightly yellowish-infused in the centre. Kalanchoe gideonsmithii presents a combination of vegetative and reproductive morphological characters that warrants its recognition at species rank, especially following the recent description of the ‘rotundifolioid’ K. waterbergensis and the reinstatement of K. decumbens, also a relative of K. rotundifolia.
Juncus tweedyi (Juncaceae sect. Ozophyllum), the correct name for Juncus brevicaudatus
Authors: KNAPP WESLEY M. , GANDHI KANCHI , NACZI ROBERT F. C. , FLODEN AARON
Published: September 2022

N/A
Pentastira eminei sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from Türkiye, and notes on other Pentastira spp. in Türkiye and the Middle East
Authors: DEMİREL ERSİN , ERBEY MAHMUT
Published: September 2022

Pentastira eminei sp. nov. (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Fulgoromorpha, Cixiidae) from Central Anatolia, Türkiye is described and the status of the genus in Türkiye reevaluated. Pentastira superans Logvinenko, 1976 in Türkiye, as reported in earlier faunistic studies, is doubtful and its removal from the Cixiidae species of Türkiye is recommended. An identification key and a brief evaluation of the species of the genus Pentastira Kirschbaum, 1868 in Türkiye and the Middle East is included.
Three new species of the genus Zaitzevia Champion, 1923 from China (Coleoptera: Elmidae: Macronychini)
Authors: BIAN DONGJU , ZHANG YI
Published: September 2022

Three new species of the genus Zaitzevia Champion, 1923: Zaitzevia muchenae sp. nov., Zaitzevia reniformis sp. nov., Zaitzevia gaoligongensis sp. nov. are described from Yunnan Province, China. Photos of habitus and aedeagus are provided. Zaitzevia chenzhitengi Jiang & Wang, 2020 is recorded from Shaanxi and Yunnan for the first time.
Why Do Some Post-Tropical Cyclones Impact Europe?
Authors: Sainsbury Elliott M. , Schiemann Reinhard K. H. , Hodges Kevin I. , Baker Alexander J. , Shaffrey Len C. , Bhatia Kieran T.
Published: September 2022

Post-tropical cyclones (PTCs) can bring high winds and extreme precipitation to Europe. Although the structure and intensity of observed Europe-impacting PTCs has been investigated in previous studies, a quantitative understanding of the factors important for PTCs to reach Europe has not been established. By tracking and identifying the full life cycle of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the ERA5 reanalysis, we investigate why some PTCs impact Europe and why others do not, using a composite analysis. We show that PTCs that impact Europe are typically ∼4–6 m s−1 stronger at their lifetime maximum intensity and throughout the extratropical transition process. They are also twice as likely to reintensify in the midlatitudes. During ET, the Europe-impacting PTCs interact more strongly with an upstream upper-level trough in a significantly more baroclinic environment. The Europe-impacting PTCs are steered on a more poleward trajectory across a midlatitude jet streak. It is during the crossing of the jet that these cyclones often undergo their reintensification. Using contingency table analysis, TC lifetime maximum intensity, and whether post-ET reintensification occurs are shown to be significantly associated with the odds that a PTC reaches Europe. This supports our composite analysis and further indicates that TC intensity and reintensification both modulate the likelihood that a PTC will impact Europe.

Significance Statement

Some post-tropical cyclones (PTCs) reach Europe, often associated with extreme precipitation and high winds. It is currently unclear what factors allow this to occur. In this study, we track cyclones in two reanalyses using a feature tracking scheme and identify the PTCs by matching (in space and time) reanalysis tracks with observed tracks. Using a composite analysis, we show that 1) tropical cyclones (TCs) that are more intense, and 2) TCs that reintensify after extratropical transition, are more likely to reach Europe. TCs that reintensify interact strongly with an upper-level upstream trough and cross a midlatitude jet streak. Reintensification occurs as the cyclones cross this jet streak.
Under The Law: Prayer huddle
Authors: Kim Robert
Published: September 2022

Past U.S. Supreme Court rulings have held that schools and school employees must be careful to engage in religious activities while at school that could appear to endorse a particular religion above others or coerce students to engage in religious activities. However, the June 2022 Kennedy v. Bremerton School District opinion suggests that the current Court is far more concerned about violating school employees’ free exercise rights. In this case, the Court found that not allowing a football coach to pray, often with students, on the 50-yard line immediately following public school football games violated the coach’s religious free exercise rights. Robert Kim discusses the Court’s history with cases involving religious practice in schools and the potential implications of the Kennedy decision.
Career Confidential: Teacher told to accept feedback more gracefully
Authors: Fagell Phyllis L.
Published: September 2022

In the October 2022 Career Confidential, Phyllis Fagell has advice for teachers who are unhappy about the feedback they receive from their principals. An ESOL teacher has trouble accepting critical feedback from a principal who hasn’t taught for more than a decade and has no experience with English learners. Another teacher went through an entire school year without receiving feedback from her principal. She doesn’t want to appear needy, but she’d like to get some ideas for how to improve.
Repaglinide in Type 2 Diabetes: A 24‐Week, Fixed‐Dose Efficacy and Safety Study
Authors: Jovanovic Lois , Dailey George , Huang Won‐Chin , Strange Poul , Goldstein Barry J.
Published: September 2022

In this 24‐week multicenter, double‐blind, randomized, fixed‐dose trial, 361 patients having type 2 diabetes recieved daily preprandial treatment with placebo (n = 75), repaglinide 1 mg (n = 140), or repaglinide 4 mg (n = 146). By a last‐observation carried‐forward calculation, repaglinide 1 mg or 4 mg treatment decreased mean fasting plasma glucose (FPG) values (by −47 mg/dL or −49 mg/dL) while the placebo group had increased FPG values (by 19 mg/dL). For the repaglinide treatment groups at the end of the study, changes in HbA1c from baseline values ranged from 1.8 to 1.9 percentage points lower than the placebo group. There were no events of severe hypoglycemia. Nearly all hypoglycemic symptom episodes had blood glucose levels above 45 mg/dL. Repaglinide was well tolerated in a preprandial fixed‐dose regimen of 1 mg or 4 mg, assigned without adjustment for clinical parameters.
The Use of Time Step Simulations and Difference Equations (TSSADEQ) in Modeling Heparin Pharmacokinetics
Authors: Wachsman M. , Mielke C. Harold , Hayes J. A. , Baker D.
Published: September 2022

A model in which the clearance of heparin requires the binding of heparin to a finite and regenerated pool of binding was constructed using time step simulations and difference equations (TSSADEQ). A simulation of a heparin IV bolus demonstrated a dose‐dependent, triphasic pharmacokinetic curve with (1) an initial log‐linear phase representing first‐order association of heparin with binding sites, (2) an intermediate plateau phase representing constant regeneration of heparin binding sites, and (3) a terminal log‐linear phase occurring when the quantity of regenerated sites exceeded the remaining heparin. Sensitivity analysis based on the literature produced estimates of the k at 1.39 to 2.77 h−1, the pool of binding sites of 50 units/kg, and the regeneration rate of 15 to 20 unit/kg/h—virtually identical to the empirically derived guidelines for the bolus size and infusion rate for un‐fractionated heparin. A pilot study of bolus dosing of un‐fractionated heparin in normal volunteers confirmed the model.
Iron Supplementation in Preterm Infants: A Study Comparing the Effect and Tolerance of a Fe2+ and a Nonionic FeIII Compound
Authors: Naude S. , Clijsen S. , Naulaers G. , Daniels H. , Vanhole C. , Devlieger H.
Published: September 2022

The more widely used divalent forms of iron (Fe2+) supplementation often lead to gastrointestinal symptoms in preterm infants although little is known about the use of nonionic trivalent iron preparations (FeIII) in these patients. It is especially under this nonionic form that dietary iron is available. For this reason, a randomized controlled study was undertaken to compare the efficacy and the extent of possible side effects in two groups of preterm infants. In one group, the elemental iron was given in the Fe2+ form, while the other group received a nonionic trivalent iron (FeIII) complexed with polysaccharides of low molecular weight. Both groups received 7.5 mg elemental iron daily. Measured parameters in the two study groups did not differ significantly throughout the study period of 14 weeks. Both forms of iron supplementation were well tolerated. However, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation occurred slightly more often in the group receiving iron supplementation in the Fe2+ form without reaching statistical difference. The authors found a nonionic trivalent polysaccharide‐iron complex given as iron supplementation as effective as the generally more favored ferrous sulphate. Since iron therapy is mandatory in the preterm infant, the use of trivalent iron complexes can be considered as a good alternative.
The Influences of Renal Function and Maturation on Vancomycin Elimination in Newborns and Infants
Authors: Capparelli Edmund V. , Lane Fames R. , Romanowski Gale L. , McFeely Edward J. , Murray William , Sousa Paula , Kildoo Carl , Connor James D.
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to describe the maturation of vancomycin (V) clearance and the influence of altered renal function in infants on vancomycin using population pharmacokinetic methods. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed using NONMEM from clinical data obtained from 374 newborns and infants < 2 years of age (median age = 27 days) from four institutions. A total of 1103 serum V concentrations were used in the model development, including 311 with elevated serum creatinine (CR) (® 0.8 mg/ dl) and more than 104 evaluations in infants older than 2 months of age. The final model was evaluated against a second data set of 160 concentrations from 67 infants at one of the institutions and then used to develop dosing guidelines. The data were best described by a two‐compartment model. Weight and CR greatly influenced vancomycin elimination, while postnatal age and prematurity (< 28 weeks) were significant but less important predictors of V elimination. For the typical study infant (age = 27 days, CR = 0.6, WT =1.8 kg, gestational age = 33.5 weeks), this results in Vdss = 0.791/kg and Cl = 0.0661/h/kg. The validation data set showed the model to be unbiased. Dosing guidelines from this model, based on serum creatinine and gestational age at birth, performed better than published guidelines based on postconceptional age. Vancomycin clearance is initially reduced in premature infants and increases with postnatal age. Most of the age‐related changes could be predicted by the concomitant fall in serum creatinine. Dosing guidelines that incorporate these factors are more likely to produce therapeutic V concentrations in infants.
Midazolam Disposition in Patients Undergoing Continuous Venovenous Hemodialysis
Authors: Bolon M. , Bastien O. , Flamens C. , Paulus S. , Boulieu R.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics and removal of midazolam and unconjugated and glucuronidated 1‐hydroxy‐midazolam in 4 intensive care patients on continuous venovenous hemodialysis. Plasma midazolam and its metabolites were assessed by HPLC from blood samples collected during continuous infusion and after the end of infusion. Additional samples from the arterial and venous bloodlines and ultrafiltrate were drawn to calculate sieving coefficient and clearance of ultrafiltration. The elimination half‐life of midazolam ranged from 7.6 to 22.8 hours. The clearance of ultrafiltration was between 0.13 and 4.7 ml/min and reached approximately 11% of the total clearance. The range of sieving coefficient was from 0.006 to 0.26, with an average fraction removal of 0.2%. 1‐hydroxy‐midazolam glucuronide was removed by continuous hemodialysis (sieving 0.36 to 0.63), with a clearance of ultrafiltration ranging from 7.8 to 12.0 ml/min. These preliminary results showed that midazolam is not removed efficiently, and approximately half of the 1‐hydroxy‐midazolam glucuronide was removed by dialysis.