bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENOKOHAN RANGDA DALAM NOVEL GALAU PUTRI CALON ARANG DAN JANDA DARI JIRAH
Authors: Kurniawan Abimardha
Published: July 2024

In the middle of 2000iest, there are two novels published that transformed from the famous Calon Arang narrative. They are Galau Putri Calon Arang (Syahrani and Yulyana, 2005) and Janda dari Jirah (Sawitri, 2007). Each work present the characterization of Rangda in different ways. The characterization aspects took as focuses in this article are (1) the character name of Rangda and (2) her genealogy. Through the comparative approach, also using the intertextuality principle, there are known that GPCA has still following the main tradition on its characterization, even it emphasizes that Rangda has a maternal relationship with Airlangga. On the contrary, JDJ gives a fresh interpretation. It stands for the massive tradition antithesis. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
CHARACTERISATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM WHITE SNAPPER SCALES (Lates calcarife) WASTE
Authors: Latupeirissa Jolantje , Tanasale Matheis F. J. D. P. , Fransina Eirene G. , Pada Semuel Simra , Muliana Muliana
Published: July 2024

ABSTRACT

              Research on the characterisation of activated carbon of white snapper (Lates calcarifer) scales waste, obtained through carbonisation process, fish scales were put in a furnace at 350 oC for 2 hours. Then cooled and sieved with a 100 mesh sieve, characterised by XRD, resulting in three peaks with the strongest intensity at 2θ regions of 26.45o, 32.69o, and 33.60o respectively. The surface acidity of carbon solids before and after activation were (4.48x10-3 and 7.77x10-3) mol/g, respectively. The activation process of white snapper scales (Lates calcarifer), increases the surface area of carbon can react with other chemicals. Subsequently, it was calcined at 450 oC under vacuum conditions for 2 hours with N2 gas, and characterised by XRD. The results showed a shift in 2θ peaks of 26.52o, 29.66o, and 32.77o, respectively. The carbon was activated by soaking with 3 M KOH activator for 15 hours, washed with distilled water, and dried in an oven at 110°C for 1 hour, characterised by XRD, and the peaks with the strongest intensity were obtained at 26.22°C, 29.12°C, and 32.43°C, with increasing basal spacing.

 

Keywords: activated carbon, white snapper scales, XRD
Политический потенциал шиитских движений в современном Азербайджане
Authors: Аскеров Мир-Али , Иванов Евгений , Шишкина Алиса
Published: July 2024

Исторически Азербайджан относился к странам с богатой традицией шиизма. Вместе с распадом Советского Союза в Азербайджане происходил религиозный подъем. Несмотря на светский статус государства, легальный статус получило Управление мусульман Кавказа, в котором представлены и шииты, и сунниты. Одним из ключевых событий последнего времени в Азербайджане стала военная операция в Нагорном Карабахе в 2020 г. Эти события стали точкой сборки для подавляющей части азербайджанского общества. Следовательно, на основании того, как представители различных движений, включая шиитские, работали с карабахской повесткой, можно сделать предположения о перспективах движений в борьбе за собственную аудиторию и участие в политике. В результате было выявлено, что представители шиитских движений не смогли выстроить свое позиционирование в контексте 44-дневной войны, что стало очередным свидетельством кризиса, в котором пребывают шиитские группы, претендующие на большую роль в азербайджанской политике.
Революционный период в мусульманских странах
Authors: Кондорский Борис
Published: July 2024

Согласно разрабатываемой автором революционной концепции исторического развития в основе каждого его этапа лежал определенный тип революций, характер которых определял потенциал дальнейшего развития. Для понимания современных социально-политических процессов основную роль играла специфика феодальных революций, которая определяла сроки наступления революционных периодов (РП) Нового времени, в той или иной стране и регионе. РП представляет собой временную систему, имеющую свои внутренние особые закономерности. Революции являются внешним проявлением этих процессов. Запад, где феодальные революции отличались заметной глубиной, автор относит к странам первой и второй генерации. К странам третьей генерации (СТГ) мусульманского мира, где РП ограничился рамками XX в., в первую очередь, можно отнести Турцию и Иран. На их примере рассмотрены основные закономерности, характерные для СТГ. Арабские страны занимают особое положение, вследствие атипического характера феодальной революции, которая затронула, в основном, городское население. В сельской местности до сих пор еще не исчезло кланово-племенное сознание и, соответствующие, отношения. Здесь РП начался только после Второй мировой войны и закончится не ранее середины XXI в. Арабская весна как раз и стала важным этапом проявления РП на Ближнем Востоке. Проведен анализ основных факторов и особенностей событий весны 2011 г. в сравнении с другими революциями (особенно Февральской революцией 1917 г.). Показаны отличия Арабской весны от «цветных революций». Особое положение занимает Египет, который по многим параметрам ближе к СТГ. Все основные исламистские организации, с одной стороны, имеют общий архетип, а с другой – отличаются целым набором (имеющим системный характер) присущим им особенностей. Рассмотрена геополитическая ситуация на Большом Ближнем Востоке с позиций концепции политического равновесия. Особое внимание уделено племенному фактору и его активизации в современный период, приведшему к сегментации ряда стран. Фундаментальной особенностью арабских стран является доминирование социально-религиозного (общинного) сознания, в отличие от политико-экономического в западных странах.
Революционный эпизод в Иране 2022–2023 гг.
Authors: Перевощикова Юлия
Published: July 2024

16 сентября 2022 г. в Иране начались протесты, которые все еще продолжаются в момент написания данной статьи, предлагающей описание этого эпизода и его анализ в контексте большой серии иранских протестов, случившихся после Исламской революции 1979 г. и широко освещенных в историографии. Из-за сохраняющегося статуса «продолжающегося» революционного эпизода подводить итоги еще нельзя, однако можно охарактеризовать причины и сделать некоторые вариативные прогнозы. Так, важно учесть, что у протестующих нет общепризнанного лидера, способного возглавить движение, так как этому способствуют особенности политической системы Ирана. В связи с этим лидеры у протестов неявные. Политические лозунги при этом появились гораздо быстрее, чем во время экономических протестов или «Зеленого движения».
A Qualitative Case Study on the Implementation Experience of Curriculum Using Generative AI
Authors: You Sungyeol
Published: July 2024

This study conducted a qualitative case study on the experiences of four teachers using generative AI in their educational practices to explore the potential and limitations of its use in education. The research aimed to deeply understand the integration of generative AI in educational curricula and to analyze the outcomes and responses of learners to assess the impact of generative AI in educational settings. It then discusses implications for the educational use of generative AI. The study employed participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis to collect data. The findings clearly reveal both the potential and limitations of using generative AI in education. Generative AI was found to provide benefits, such as enhancing students’ creative expression, offering individualized and customized learning experiences, and improving access to educational resources. These advantages created new opportunities to enhance the quality of students’ educational experiences, aligning with their individual learning styles and paces. However, there were also significant limitations, including technical constraints, reduced teacher―student interaction, increased dependence on technology leading to constraints in expression, limited depth of learning, and decreased motivation. These limitations hindered the effective implementation of educational activities and restricted students’ opportunities for full engagement and growth in the learning process. Based on these results, the study emphasizes the crucial role of teachers as the primary designers and implementers of the curriculum in education that utilizes generative AI and underscored that generative AI should be viewed as a tool to support comprehensive learning and growth of students.
Detection of homologous resistance genes to the late blight in wild potatoes
Authors: Enciso-Maldonado Guillermo , Lozoya-Saldaña Héctor , Talavera-Stefani Liliana , Burgos-Cantoni Cinthia , Mongelos-Franco Yerutí
Published: July 2024

The identification of resistance genes to late blight (Phytophthora infestans) is essential in potato (Solanum tuberosum) breeding programs to advance in obtaining resistant cultivars. The objective was to detect sequences homologous to the resistance genes (R1, R2, R3a, R8, Sto-448, Rpi-blb1, Rpi-blb2, and Rpi-ber1) to P. infestans in 23 accessions of 14 wild potato species (Solanum spp.) with different resistance levels through the amplification of molecular markers. Eight primers sets were used to amplify the molecular markers. No amplifications of resistance markers were observed in highly susceptible plants in the field (accession 631200 of S. chacoense, accession 653801 of S. berthaultii and accession 631201 of S. juzepzuckii), whereas in plants immune to the field, such as S. demissum (653770), amplification of six molecular markers was observed. The R3a marker did not amplify for any accession. Therefore, no apparent association between the number of markers amplified and the resistance category was found by Chi-square test. These results highlight the complexity of genetic resistance in the studied potato species. Future studies could evaluate the functionality of the homologous genes and detect other molecular markers of the resistance genes.
Nueva cita de Mecardonia reneeae (Gratioleae-Plantaginaceae) en Paraguay
Authors: Amarilla Valeria E. , Florentín Javier E. , Sosa María de las M.
Published: July 2024

Se registra por primera vez a Mecardonia reneeae (Gratioleae, Plantaginaceae) para la flora paraguaya, hallada en las ecorregiones Chaco Húmedo y Bosque Atlántico del Alto Paraná en los departamentos de Alto Paraguay, Asunción, Boquerón, Guairá y Presidente Hayes. Este nuevo registro amplía el área de distribución de la especie, marcando su límite más boreal conocido hasta la fecha, ya que sólo se consideraba como endémica para el nordeste de la Argentina. Se presenta una breve descripción morfológica de la especie, un mapa de distribución, y una lámina de fotos de especímenes de herbario. Asimismo, se proporciona una clave de identificación para los taxones de Mecardonia presentes en Paraguay.
FORMING THE SURFACE LAYER OF POROUS METAL CERAMICS IN BLADE CUTTING AND ELECTROCHEMICAL EFFECTS
Authors: Inozemcev Vitaliy
Published: July 2024

The study objective of this paper is to determine the rules and influence of various factors on porosity, a specific qualitative indicator of the surface of metal ceramic parts. The main task is to find out the most favorable machining conditions when the porosity of the surface layer remains as high as possible. The research methods are of an experimental practical nature with a comparison and evaluation of the results obtained, in which machining features of porous metal ceramics and methods for improving the efficiency of surface shaping while maintaining the functional physical parameters of the part surfaces are considered. The modes and conditions of machining are noted with the relevant recommendations. As a result, recommendations for machining such materials are formulated, which allow minimizing the effect of pore tightening and reducing deformation phenomena in the material.
DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE LUBRICANT FOR TRANSPORT
Authors: Nigmatullin Ilshat , Zuber Vitaly , Pshenichnaya Margarita , Morozova Olga
Published: July 2024

The development of lubricants modified with geofillers based on non-oxidized and oxidized (oxidates) industrial oil I -40A and PN-6 petroleum plasticizer is studied. Serpentenites and manganese dioxide are used as geofillers. Based on the results, a high-temperature antifriction lubricant with repair and recovery properties was obtained, which is a lubricating composition based on PN-6 petroleum plasticizer oxidate with a geofiller - serpentinite and a crystallizer – manganese dioxide. The developed lubricant contains an optimal amount of serpentinite - 0.3%; manganese dioxide – 0.05%; oxidate -99.65%.
High-temperature lubricants based on oxidized oils (oxidates) and geo-fillers are recommended for use in high-temperature and high-loaded friction units of machine-building equipment, in sliding bearings of steam engines, transport trolleys used in brick firing and other equipment. The lubricants obtained as a result of the research increase the service life of the equipment due to their good lubricating properties under conditions of high loads and temperatures in friction units.
PRÁTICAS DE ENFERMAGEM DIVERSIFICADAS: APRIMORANDO A QUALIDADE DO ATENDIMENTO E DOS DESFECHOS DOS PACIENTES
Authors: Da Penha Conceição Sandra Maria , Silva Nadir Barbosa , Fernandes Ingridy Tayane Gonçalves Pires , Ferreira Márcia Zotti Justo , Winter Michelle , Nascimento Aparecida Lima
Published: July 2024

A enfermagem desempenha um papel vital no sistema de saúde, abrangendo cuidados diretos, educação em saúde, prevenção de doenças e promoção do bem-estar. A diversidade cultural, socioeconômica e epidemiológica global impõe desafios e oportunidades, exigindo abordagens personalizadas para garantir a qualidade do atendimento. Objetivos: Explorar como as práticas de enfermagem, quando adequadamente adaptadas e implementadas em diversos contextos clínicos, podem melhorar significativamente a qualidade do atendimento e os resultados clínicos dos pacientes. Metodologia: Análise comparativa da literatura científica e de casos práticos de diferentes regiões. Resultados e Conclusão: Práticas de enfermagem diversificadas requerem adaptação e inovação. A colaboração internacional e a troca de conhecimentos promovem um cuidado mais equitativo e acessível, fortalecendo os sistemas de saúde globalmente.
Immunotherapy for Recurrent and Metastatic Cervical Cancer: A Review
Authors: Wu Yuke , He Xiang
Published: July 2024

Objectives: This review aims to summarize the current literature on recurrent and metastatic (r/m) cervical cancer, especially first-line and second-line immunotherapy. Clinical benefits including efficacy and safety of new therapeutic options are also reviewed. Mechanism: The published relevant articles were searched from multiple databases, including PubMed, Ovid, and Scopus. The key terms included recurrent cervical cancer, advanced cervical cancer, metastatic cervical cancer, and immunotherapy. The data of the latest clinical trials was retrieved from ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov). Findings in Brief: In late 2021, pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab was approved as the first-line treatment for recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer. Also tisotumab vedotin was approved as the second-line immunotherapy for r/m cervical cancer. Moreover, a plethora of clinical immunotherapy trials were approved in different countries, and some received as breakthrough therapy designations. Pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, atezolizumab, cadonilimab, zimberelimab, balstilimab and zalifrelimab, nivolumab, and tisotumab vedotin were reviewed with overall survival, progression-free survival, rate of objective response and adverse effects in order to review the efficacy and safety of different therapeutic option. Conclusions: The majority of trials indicated that immunotherapy can significantly improve the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of r/m cervical cancer patients without negatively affecting health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL), and demonstrated that immunotherapy is an effective and safe treatment for r/m cervical cancer.
Changes in Gut Microbiota in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Based on 16s rRNA Gene Sequencing Technology: A Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyun , Wei Zhiqiang , Liu Zhen , Yang Weiwei , Huai Yaping
Published: July 2024

Background: This meta-analysis explores alterations in the gut microbiota of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Methods: Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, our comprehensive review spanned major databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and Ovid, targeting observational studies that implemented 16S rRNA gene sequencing on fecal specimens. The quality of these studies was meticulously evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Our search yielded 26 relevant studies conducted between 2015-2022, encompassing 2885 participants. No significant differences were observed in alpha diversity indices (Shannon, Chao1, Operational Taxonomic Units (OTU), and Simpson) between MS patients and controls in general. Nonetheless, subgroup analyses according to disease activity using the Shannon index highlighted a significant decrease in microbial diversity during MS’s active phase. Similarly, an evaluation focusing on MS phenotype revealed diminished diversity in individuals with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). Microbial composition analysis revealed no consistent increase in pro-inflammatory Bacteroidetes or decrease in anti-inflammatory Firmicutes within the MS cohort. Conclusion: The gut microbiome’s role in MS presents a complex panorama, where alterations in microbial composition might hold greater significance to disease mechanisms than diversity changes. The impact of clinical factors such as disease activity and phenotype are moderately significant, underscoring the need for further research to elucidate these relationships. Prospective research should employ longitudinal methodologies to elucidate the chronological interplay among gut microbiota, disease evolution, and therapeutic strategies.
Serum Biomarkers to Dynamically Predict the Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients under Oncologic Therapy. A Multicenter Observational Study
Authors: Provinciali Nicoletta , Piccininno Marco , Siri Giacomo , Gennari Alessandra , Antonucci Giancarlo , Ricci Damiano , Devoto Emmanuela , Miceli Roberta , Cortesi Pietro , Pazzi Chiara , Nanni Oriana , Mannozzi Francesca , Pastina Ilaria , Messuti Luciana , Bengala Carmelo , Frassineti Giovanni Luca , Cattrini Carlo , Fava Marianna , Buttiron Webber Tania , Briata Irene Maria , Corradengo Davide , DeCensi Andrea , Puntoni Matteo
Published: July 2024

Background: Serum biomarkers have been investigated as predictive risk factors for cancer-related cardiovascular (CV) risk, but their analysis is limited to their baseline level rather than their overtime change. Besides historically validated causal factors, inflammatory and oxidative stress (OS) related markers seem to be correlated to CV events but this association needs to be further explored. We conducted an observational study to determine the predictive role of the longitudinal changes of commonly used and OS-related biomarkers during the cancer treatment period. Methods: Patients undergoing anticancer therapies, either aged 75+ years old or younger with an increased CV risk according to European Society of Cardiology guidelines, were enrolled. We assessed the predictive value of biomarkers for the onset of CV events at baseline and during therapy using Cox model, Subpopulation Treatment-Effect Pattern Plot (STEPP) method and repeated measures analysis of longitudinal data. Results: From April 2018 to August 2021, 182 subjects were enrolled, of whom 168 were evaluable. Twenty-eight CV events were recorded after a median follow up of 9.2 months (Interquartile range, IQR: 5.1–14.7). Fibrinogen and troponin levels were independent risk factors for CV events. Specifically, patients with higher than the median levels of fibrinogen and troponin at baseline had higher risk compared with patients with values below the medians, hazard ratio (HR) = 3.95, 95% CI, 1.25–12.45 and HR = 2.48, 0.67–9.25, respectively. STEPP analysis applied to Cox model showed that cumulative event-free survival at 18 and 24 months worsened almost linearly as median values of fibrinogen increased. Repeated measure analysis showed an increase over time of D-Dimer (p-interaction event*time = 0.08), systolic (p = 0.07) and diastolic (p = 0.05) blood pressure and a decrease of left ventricular ejection fraction (p = 0.15) for subjects who experienced a CV event. Conclusions: Higher levels of fibrinogen and troponin at baseline and an increase over time of D-Dimer and blood pressure are associated to a higher risk of CV events in patients undergoing anticancer therapies. The role of OS in fibrinogen increase and the longitudinal monitoring of D-dimer and blood pressure levels should be further assessed.
Trendovi u zapošljavanju nacionalnih manjina u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Bježančević Sanja
Published: July 2024

Zaštita prava manjina, što podrazumijeva i osiguranje učinkovitog sudjelovanja, kako u političkom, tako i u kulturnom, društvenom i gospodarskom životu pripadnika nacionalnih manjina, nedjeljiva je od načela zabrane diskriminacije. Republika Hrvatska primjer je dobro uređenog normativnog okvira učinkovitog sudjelovanja pripadnika nacionalnih manjina, što podrazumijeva i njihovo sudjelovanje u tijelima javne uprave. Zato je s ciljem utvrđivanja trendova u zapošljavanju pripadnika nacionalnih manjina u tim tijelima – tijelima državne uprave, pravosudnim tijelima i upravnim tijelima jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave – napravljena analiza javno dostupnih podataka iz izvješća o provođenju Ustavnog zakona o pravima nacionalnih manjina od 2009. do 2021. godine. Također, napravljena je analiza podataka o pojavnosti diskriminacije na temelju etničke pripadnosti u području rada i zapošljavanja iz izvješća o pojavama diskriminacije Ureda pučke pravobraniteljice. Analiza rezultata pokazuje trendove smanjenja udjela zaposlenih pripadnika nacionalnih manjina u spomenutim tijelima.
Nemiri u Hrvatskoj i Ugarskoj 1903. godine i odlazak hrvatskog bana Khuen-Héderváryja
Authors: Heka László
Published: July 2024

Austro-ugarskom nagodbom ustrojena je Dvojna Monarhija. Austrija i Ugarska utvrdile su da su vanjska politika, vojni poslovi i financije zajednički poslovi cijele monarhije, dok su sve druge poslove dvije strane samostalno rješavale. Ugarska je bila vezana i Hrvatsko-ugarskom nagodbom, koja je, pak, Zagrebu osiguravala punu samostalnost u pitanjima unutarnje uprave, pravosuđa, bogoštovlja i javne prosvjete, uključujući i zakonodavnu vlast u tim pitanjima (Hrvatski sabor) te izvršnu (banska vlada). Hrvati su bili priznati za politički narod (taj su status uživali i Mađari u Ugarskoj), a u Trojednoj kraljevini službeni jezik bio je hrvatski. Usto je Hrvatska mogla koristiti svoje nacionalne simbole, a imala je i svoga ministra u Ugarskoj (zajedničkoj, središnjoj) vladi u Budimpešti.
U vrijeme dualizma upravljanje zemljom bilo je vrlo teško, jer su kralj, ugarski ministar predsjednik i ban bili u međusobnom odnosu subordinacije, ali su morali uživati i međusobno povjerenje. Godine 1903. došlo je do parlamentarne krize u Austriji, koja se prelila u Ugarsku, dok su u Hrvatskoj izbili nemiri protiv bana i mađarizacije. U ovom radu, na temelju arhivskih spisa Ugarskog sabora, analiziramo kako su se događaji iz Hrvatske manifestirali na Ugarsku i cijelu monarhiju, a dajemo i odgovor na tezu da je ban „pobjegao iz Hrvatske”.
Organizational and Legal Aspects of the Functioning of the Suzdal Prisoner of War Camp No. 160 (1943—1946)
Authors: Belyaeva Galina , Erin Dmitry
Published: July 2024

The article, based on previously unpublished and first introduced into scientific circulation archival materials, reveals certain aspects of the structure and activities of the Suzdal prisoner of war camp No. 160 in the period from 1943 to 1946.
Policy of the Bolsheviks with Regard to Russian Muslims: Activities of the Central Muslim Commissariat (Subdivision of the RSFSR Narkomnats) in 1918—1920
Authors: Mineeva Elena , Starostin Alexey , Ivanova Tatyana , Mineev Aleksey
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the policy of the Bolsheviks who came to power as a result of the coup in October 1917 against Russian Muslims in the light of the activities of the Central Muslim Commissariat and local authorities in the 1917 - mid 1920s. Based on a wide range of literature and sources, the contours and main directions of the policy towards the institutions of a particular denomination, preceding the beginning of the great terror of the 1930s, are traced. The process of evolution of this policy from cooperation with Muslims to the beginning of the policy of breaking the institutions of Muslim communities and creating a parallel system of soviet cultural and educational institutions is analyzed.
Soviet Emergency Diplomacy and Response Measures to the Chernobyl Accident
Authors: Juping Zhang
Published: July 2024

The Chernobyl accident in 1986 forced the Soviet government to consider its emergency diplomacy. The article argues that there were political disagreements within Politburo, and as a result of the urgent disaster management, the pressure from Western public circles and the intention of Gorbachev’s reform in the field of diplomacy and foreign policy, the Chernobyl accident provided an opportunity for Gorbachev’s diplomatic “new thinking” to develop further.
Važnost i aktualnost tragične misli u kontekstu starih i novih ideologija progresa
Authors: Šola Ivica
Published: July 2024

Počevši s renesansom i humanizmom te optimističnom slikom ljudske slobode i autonomnog djelovanja, razvile su se na Zapadu različite ideologije progresa i politički projekti koji vjeruju da je zlo posljedica društvenih okolnosti promjenom kojih nestaje i zlo. Sve su se te ideologije pokazale kao zablude. U ovom radu, stoga, donosimo, kroz prizmu tragične misli inspirirane kršćanstvom, moguću korekciju kao i uzroke propasti tih zabluda na optimističnoj matrici ljudske slobode i autonomije. Poseban naglasak stavljamo na misao Nikolaja Berdjajeva u odnosu između drame i tragedije u povijesti i metafizičke drame te kompleksniji, metafizički pristup ljudskoj slobodi i zlu. U zaključku donosimo kritiku imanentizama koji su bili pretočeni u optimistične političke projekte koji su, zbog svoje (radikalne) antimetafizičnosti i antireligioznosti, zanemarujući dubinu problema zla, boreći se protiv njega, u ime »plemenitih ciljeva«, doveli do još većeg zla.
Percepcija uloge i osobina razrednika u hrvatskom obrazovnom sustavu
Authors: Lenard Ivan , Božić Lenard Dragana
Published: July 2024

Primarnu odgojno-obrazovnu ulogu u razrednom odjelu ima razrednik, koji treba poznavati psihološke promjene uzrasta svojih učenika, studiozno analizirati ponašanje, prevenirati, ali i pokazati empatiju. Uloga je razrednika od iznimne važnosti, stoga ju je potrebno stručno analizirati, što do sada nije bio čest slučaj. Cilj je ovoga rada bio istražiti mišljenje osnovnoškolskih i srednjoškolskih razrednika uposlenih u svim hrvatskim županijama o ulozi razrednika, izazovima s kojima se suočavaju i osobinama potrebnima za obnašanje navedene uloge. Ispitanici su dobrovoljno popunili anketni upitnik i njihovi su odgovori statistički analizirani. Rezultati analize javno dostupnih studijskih programa visokoobrazovnih ustanova društvenih i humanističkih usmjerenja iz četiriju najvećih hrvatskih gradova pokazuju da visokoobrazovne institucije ne pružaju potrebne teorijske i praktične spoznaje za obnašanje dužnosti razrednika. Razrednici lakše obavljaju administrativne poslove od onih koji uključuju rješavanje međuljudskih odnosa. Ispitanici smatraju da su osobine koje treba imati uspješan razrednik brojne i važne, zbog čega to ne bi trebala biti automatizmom dodjeljivana uloga.
Necessity and Method of Connecting the Korean Foreigner Policy and Special Education Development Zone System
Authors: Lee Geongeun ,   Asia-Europe Perspective Association
Published: July 2024

The 4th Basic Plan for Foreigner Policy, which covers time until 2027, calls for the establishment of a virtuous cycle system that attracts excellent foreign talents and international students and leads to social integration, and the establishment of the Immigration Administration that can manage cooperation between ministries in an integrated manner. Although many local governments are competing to attract this new institution, they have not come up with an alternative that considers overcoming the crisis of regional extinction, a national major task that is intensifying mainly in non-metropolitan areas. In addition, the academic community has not considered the solution of matching methods between regional-specific education and industry for the tasks of the 4th Basic Plan for Foreigner Policy, which emphasized the system of a virtuous cycle from foreign inflow to settlement and maintaining cooperation between departments. Against this backdrop, this paper presents a plan to link the education development special zone system to be promoted as an alternative, with a sense of the fact that it did not sufficiently lead to settlement from inflow as a result of previous governments' implementation of foreigner policy. To this end, the contents related to education are introduced while reviewing the 4th basic plan for foreigner policy and the implementation plan of local governments. And the policy value to compensate for the insufficient foreigner policy through connection with the special education development zone system is discussed. Finally, in order to materialize this thinking, this research proposes a plan to link the Jeollanam-do foreigner policy and the special education development zone system, which is scheduled to be implemented from 2025. While the 4th Basic Plan for Foreigner Policy and the Local Government's Implementation Plan focused on economic aspects such as jobs, the education policy was limited to customized education for children from migrant backgrounds and intensive education on the Korean language and culture for children of multicultural families. Second, this article proposes a new implementation plan that integrates the special educational development zone project centered on foreign talents and foreign students covering special culture zone and university innovation projects. Lastly, local communities such as local governments, industries, and universities, will work together to prepare a joint curriculum in the form of a specialized education development zone to cultivate regional-specific settlement-type talents, and to include children of foreign residents in the virtuous cycle system. In addition, it is recommended to consider foreigners when matching regional-specific education and jobs in special education development zone projects while adding a program for fostering industrial talents through re-education such as Korean language education for foreign workers.
Is the Sharing Economy Ushering in the End of Ownership in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era?: Focusing on Uber and Airbnb Cases
Authors: Lee SeoYoung ,   Asia-Europe Perspective Association
Published: July 2024

Over the past decade, the sharing economy has significantly developed, driven by technological advancements that facilitate direct connections between consumers and service providers. Uber and Airbnb are prime examples of this shift, linking drivers with passengers and homeowners with travelers through their respective digital platforms. This transformation has turned personal vehicles and homes into revenue-generating assets, offering flexible and economical alternatives to traditional services.
This paper reviews the current state of the sharing economy, explores the unique strategies and business models of Uber and Airbnb, and analyzes their commonalities and differences. It examines the regulatory challenges and market trends these platforms face and discusses their potential future directions. By applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study investigates how users perceive the usefulness, ease of use, attitudes, and intentions to use these platforms, impacting their adoption. Based on grounded theory, this case study identifies several critical factors for the success of sharing economy business models through coding. These factors include establishing and maintaining trust through robust review systems and reliable services, regulatory compliance, technological innovation, and service expansion. The sustainable growth of the sharing economy depends on how effectively these platforms manage these elements. This study offers both academic and practical implications.
Parties’ issue adaptation between elections
Authors: Erfort Cornelius , Klüver Heike , Stoetzer Lukas
Published: July 2024

Are parties responsive to short-term changes in election polls? While party responsiveness to election results has received much attention, we know little about the dynamics of issue attention between elections. In this study, we address this question based on the novel comprehensive PARTYPRESS Database. We rely on supervised machine learning methods to build a dynamic measure of parties' issue attention on the basis of more than 250,000 press releases from 68 parties across nine countries from 2010 until 2020. We find little support that losing in the polls leads parties to change their issue attention. When political parties lose support in the polls, they do not clearly prioritise their owned issue, they do not pay more attention to popular issues, and they do not adapt the issue focus of successful competitors. These findings have important implications for our understanding of party responsiveness and the dynamics of electoral competition.
Relationship between University Quality in Spain and Web Accessibility
Authors: Jaume-Mayol Jaime , López Francisco Perales , García Llorenç Valverde , Coll Antoni Bibiloni
Published: July 2024

Web accessibility in higher education is essential to ensure equitable educational opportunities for individuals with disabilities. Various studies conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic have identified numerous challenges related to web accessibility for this group. Legal regulations mandate that public institutions, including universities, comply with specific web accessibility standards. This study evaluates the level of web accessibility in Spanish universities and their compliance with current regulations. To achieve this, the websites of a representative sample of universities were analyzed using automated tools and manual reviews to measure their conformity with accessibility guidelines. The results reveal the extent to which these institutions have implemented web accessibility practices and highlight areas requiring improvement. Additionally, the relationship between the achieved accessibility levels and various quality variables of the analyzed universities is explored, such as the size of the institution, the availability of technological resources, and institutional commitment to inclusion. The findings of this study provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of web accessibility in higher education in Spain, offering practical recommendations to improve the educational experience of students with disabilities and promoting greater equality in access to education.
Helping the Cause? The Effect of Female Top Candidate Nominations on Voters
Authors: Thieme Frederik , Klüver Heike , Spoon Jae-Jae
Published: July 2024

What effect does nominating a female top candidate have on voters? Whilenumerous studies investigate the effect of ordinary candidates, it is unclear how thenomination of female leading candidates affects women. We provide the first studythat addresses this question by exploiting the nomination of Annalena Baerbock by theGerman Green Party as the party’s top candidate in the 2021 election. This nominationprovides a unique opportunity to identify the causal effect of a female leading candidateas it was entirely unclear whether Annalena Baerbock or the Greens’ male co-leader,Robert Habeck, would be nominated until the day of the announcement. By leveraginga survey among nearly 70,000 citizens in the field during the nomination, we shed lighton how her nomination affected voters. The results show a positive impact of Baerbock’snomination for the Greens, but among women as well as men. We complement thisanalysis with a survey experiment among 9,000 respondents in Germany to investigatethe underlying causal mechanisms. We find that there is a positive effect of nominatinga female top candidate instead of a man and that these effects are driven by a desire topromote gender equality and by a shared social identity of respondents. Our results haveimportant implications for the debate on gender and politics.
Online Behaviour Therapy Based on Exposure with Response Prevention for adults with Tourette Syndrome or Chronic Tic Disorder: A Feasibility Trial
Authors: Ivanova Ekaterina Nikolaevna , Birovecz Anita , Andrén Per , Flygare Oskar , Mataix-Cols David , Fernández de la Cruz Lorena , Ivanov Volen Z , Andersson Erik , Ruck Christian
Published: July 2024

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, safety, preliminary efficacy, and preliminary maintenance of TICNET, an online therapist-guided exposure and response prevention (ERP) for adults with Tourette syndrome or chronic tic disorder (TS/CTD).Design: Single-group, unmasked feasibility trial.Setting: A psychiatric outpatient clinic specialized in obsessive-compulsive and related disorders in Stockholm, Sweden.Participants: Adult participants with TS/CTD were recruited nationwide by means of self- and clinical referrals.Interventions: The 10-week online, ERP-based, therapist-supported programme TICNET consisted of eight chapters provided on a secure platform.Primary and secondary outcome measures: The RE-AIM framework (Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) was used to assess feasibility and acceptability. Safety was measured with an adverse events questionnaire. Preliminary intervention effects on tic severity were measured with the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale – Total Tic Severity subscale. Outcome measures were collected at pre- and post-treatment, as well as at the 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up.Results: Out of 73 screened participants, 31 met inclusion criteria, with the most common reason for exclusion being not fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for TS/CTD. The participants completed an average of 6.5 out of 8 treatment chapters and 90% were classified as treatment completers. The therapists spent an average of 18.1 minutes/week supporting each participant. No serious adverse events were reported. The decrease in tic severity from pre- to post-treatment was statistically significant (Cohen’s d = 0.49, 95% CI -0.46 to 1.44), and continued to decrease further during the follow-up (12-month follow-up Cohen’s d = 1.09, 95% CI 0.14-2.04).Conclusions: TICNET is a feasible, acceptable, safe, and potentially efficacious and durable treatment for adults with TS/CTD. The treatment warrants further testing in a well-powered, randomised controlled trial with an active comparator.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04908969).
Seamounts control subducted carbonate recycling in Central America – evidence from stable Sr isotopes
Authors: Hammerstrom Alexander , Parai Rita , Carlson Richard , Turner Stephen
Published: July 2024

Accurate estimates of carbon recycling efficiency at subduction zones are crucial for understanding the long-term evolution of the planet’s climate. Estimating subducting carbon recycling efficiency is difficult, however, due to magmatic degassing deep within the crust. Stable strontium (δ88Sr) isotopes have the potential to serve as an additional proxy for carbonate recycling due to carbonate’s high Sr concentrations and unique δ88Sr composition. New data from Nicaraguan lavas and sediments verify that Sr can indeed be used to track subducting carbon. When interpreted in conjunction with other magmatic trace element abundances, these data reveal systematic variations that are best understood as the effects of seamount subduction. Seamounts erupting at the same time carbonate-dominated sedimentation ceased on the Cocos plate could potentially ‘cap’ the carbonate layer and control the degree to which carbonate material is transported to the arc. This model can also be used to quantify the flux of carbonate sediment from the slab to the arc and thus provides an independent method to estimate the magmatic carbon recycling efficiency for the Nicaraguan Arc. Our model shows, absent seamounts, 26% to 52% of carbon from subducted carbonate is returned to the arc, an estimate consistent with recent estimates made from volcanic gases.
Timescale-dependent response of vegetation to climate change
Authors: Fastovich David , Meyers Stephen , Saupe Erin , Williams John , Dornelas Maria , Dowding Elizabeth , Finnegan Seth , Huang Huai-Hsuan , Jonkers Lukas , Kiessling Wolfgang , Kocsis Ádám , Li Qijian , Liow Lee Hsiang , Na Lin , Penny Amelia , Pippenger Kate , Renaudie Johan , Rillo Marina , Smith Jansen , Steinbauer Manuel , Sugawara Mauro , Tomašovỳch Adam , Yasuhara Moriaki , Hull Pincelli
Published: July 2024

Climate and ecosystems exhibit dynamic behavior across various timescales, but existing studies often focus on singular timescales when examining ecosystem responses to climate. Here we develop a conceptual and analytical framework using spectral analysis that examines a continuum of timescales, from hundreds to hundreds of thousands of years. By comparing power spectra of vegetation turnover and climate in the last 1.1 million years, we observe that turnover is in step with climate at intermediate frequencies (10-2 to 10-3 years-1) but is decoupled from climate at high frequencies (> 10-2 years-1) and low frequencies (<10-3 years-1), with a relationship that varies by latitude. Climate decoupling at the highest frequencies highlights the possibility of widespread ecological transitions in the coming century as anthropogenic climate change outpaces the response time of plant communities.
Bears Don’t Always Mess With Beers: Limits on Generalization of Statistical Learning in Speech
Authors: Murphy Timothy , Nozari Nazbanou , Holt Lori L.
Published: July 2024

Perception changes rapidly and implicitly as a function of passive exposure to speech that samples different acoustic distributions. Past research has shown that this statistical learning generalizes across talkers and, to some extent, new items but these studies involved listeners’ active engagement in processing statistics-bearing stimuli. In this study, we manipulated the relationship between voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (F0) to establish distributional regularities either aligned with American English or reversed the regularity to create a subtle foreign accent. We then tested whether statistical learning across passive exposure to these distributions generalized to new items not experienced in the exposure stimuli. Experiment 1 showed statistical learning across passive exposure but no generalization of learning when exposure and test items shared the same phoneme (bear/pear beer/pier) or when they differed in phoneme but shared distributional regularities across VOT and F0 dimensions (deer/tear beer/pier). Experiment 2 showed generalization to stimuli that shared the statistic-bearing phoneme (bear/pear beer/pier), but only when the response set included tokens from the exposure and test stimuli. Moreover, statistical learning transferred to influence the subtle acoustics of listeners’ own speech productions but did not generalize to new stimuli. These findings reveal that passive exposure is sufficient to support statistical learning in perception and its generalization, but task demands modulate this dynamic. Moreover, generalization in perception is not always accompanied by generalization in production, demonstrating that production is not simply a mirror of the perceptual system.
Passion and engagement in sport: A look at athletes and coaches using a quadripartite approach
Authors: Schellenberg Benjamin J. I. , Lötscher Jack
Published: July 2024

Athletes and coaches often feel a great deal of passion for sport. But are these highly passionate individuals also highly engaged in sport? Based on the theoretical underpinnings and empirical findings from the dualistic model of passion (Vallerand, 2015), it is unclear if the highest levels of sport engagement are associated with high levels of passion, or with specific combinations of high/low levels of harmonious and obsessive passion. We examined this issue in samples of athletes (N = 403) and coaches (N = 208). Participants completed online questionnaires assessing dimensions of sport passion (i.e., harmonious and obsessive passion) and engagement (i.e., confidence, vigor, dedication, enthusiasm). In both samples, we found that the highest levels of engagement were associated with high harmonious passion. This means that those who are passionate toward sport are not necessarily engaged in sport; engagement is found when passion involves high harmonious passion.
Collecting real-time infant feeding and support experience: co-participatory development of mobile health methodology
Authors: Page Abigail Emma , Emmott Emily H , Sear Rebecca , Perera Nilushka , Black Matthew , Elgood-Field Jack , Myers Sarah
Published: July 2024

Breastfeeding rates in the UK have remained stubbornly low despite long-term intervention efforts. Social support is a key, theoretically grounded intervention target in both cases, yet they have a weak evidence base. Understanding of the dynamics between infant feeding, maternal wellbeing and social support is currently limited by retrospective collection of quantitative data, which prohibits causal inferences, and by unrepresentative sampling of mothers. In this paper, we present the development of a data collection methodology as a case-study, designed to address these challenges. We coproduced and piloted a mobile health (mHealth) data collection methodology linked to a pre-existing pregnancy and parenting app (Baby Buddy), prioritising real-time daily data collection about women's postnatal experiences. To explore the potential of mHealth in-app surveys, here we report the iterative design process and the results from a mixed-methods four-week pilot. Participants (n = 14) appreciated the feature’s simplicity and its easy integration into their daily routines, particularly valuing the reflective aspect akin to journaling. As a result, participants used the feature regularly and looked forward to doing so. We find no evidence that key sociodemographic metrics predicted women’s enjoyment or engagement. Based on participant feedback, important next steps are to design in-feature feedback and tracking systems to help maintain motivation. Reflecting on future opportunities, this case-study underscores that mHealth in-app surveys may be an effective way to collect prospective real-time data on complex infant feeding behaviours and experiences during the postnatal period, with important implications for public health and social science research.