bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REFLEXÕES SOBRE AS RELAÇÕES ENTRE AS ARTES CÊNICAS E APRESENTAÇÕES MUSICAIS AO VIVO.
Authors: Brack Rosemari Magdalena
Published: March 2023

Este artigo propõe reflexões acerca de aspectos de shows e concertos musicais aovivo relacionados às Artes Cênicas. Por entrevistas de músicos, como Arnaldo Cohen, porexemplo, foram feitas apreciações a partir de teóricos do Teatro, tais como Peter Brook, JerzyGrotowski, Eugenio Barba e Jean-Jacques Roubine. Ao final considera-se que a atuaçãoartí­stica ao vivo aponta variáveis que interferem na manifestação ideal do artista.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: música; apresentações musicais ao vivo; artes cênicas; performance.
A PLATEIA DA CENA TEATRAL: OBJETIVOS PEDAGÓGICOS
Authors: Rosseto Robson
Published: March 2023

Este texto abrange os objetivos pedagógicos do ensino do teatro em relação à recepçãoteatral e suas implicações. A recepção teatral foi examinada por duas perspectivas distintas: quanto í necessidade de instrumentar o educando para o melhor aproveitamento da apreciação teatral e quanto í necessidade de o professor estar qualificado para avaliar a observação/percepção de seus alunosenquanto espectadores.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ensino do teatro, recepção, espectador.
Sentidos da arte: diálogos entre o teatro, a experiência estética e a educação
Authors: Canda Cilene Nascimento
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo traça discussões sobre a perspectiva estética da arte e a sua relação com a educação, tendo como referência as correntes contemporâneas do estudo sobre a produção do sentido. Com base na reflexão sobre a educação do sensí­vel, visa-se reforçar a contribuição do exercí­cio teatral para o desenvolvimento da sensibilidade na apreciação e produção artí­stica. Ressalta-se, no texto, a importância do teatro para a experiência estética do sujeito, enfatizando o potencial educativo da arte.Palavras-chave: Teatro, Estét ica e Edu cação sensí­vel.
USO DE SENSORES INERCIALES EN DIADEMA EMOTIV COMO INSTRUMENTO MUSICAL EN USUARIO CON PARÁLISIS CEREBRAL
Authors: Rincón Raúl , Tomalá Sara , Ramírez Carolina , Chantré Angélica , Ojeda Andrés
Published: March 2023

La Parálisis Cerebral es una condición clí­nica debida a un estado de hipoxia,usualmente en el periodo neonatal y que trae como consecuencia compromiso en la funciónmotora pero sin compromiso en la cognición. Para muchos usuarios con parálisis cerebralel uso convencional de instrumentos musicales no es viable debido a la restricción demovimiento en sus miembros superiores e inferiores. Por lo anterior, se hace necesariopoder realizar modificaciones a los instrumentos o hacer uso de recursos tecnológicos quepermiten la interpretación musical, potencializando sus habilidades a partir del movimientoque puedan efectuar. El artí­culo a continuación describe, a partir de las necesidadesde un usuario con parálisis cerebral, el diseño e implementación de un instrumento noconvencional basado en sensores inerciales que permita la ejecución musical a través delmovimiento de la cabeza en dos ejes.
PRÁTICA MUSICAL COLETIVA: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE MUSICOTERAPIA EM GRUPO
Authors: Pasqual Fernanda Soares , Cunha Rosemyiriam Ribeiro dos Santos
Published: March 2023

Por ser uma forma de expressão humana, a prática musical coletiva pode revelar formas de relacionamento que os participantes estabelecem com a realidade social e cultural de seu entorno. Em um contexto musicoterapêutico, essas informações são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento de processos de reabilitação social, cognitiva e emocional. Este trabalho trata-se uma revisão sistemática que investigou a produção sobre intervenções musicoterapêuticas em grupo, nos últimos dez anos. A busca foi feita em revistas especializadas em musicoterapia, publicadas em português e inglês, e em bases de dados. Foram selecionados 16 para análise e seus resultados foram sistematizados em uma tabela. Os dados mostraram que a prática da musicoterapia em grupo proporcionou melhora nos aspectos fí­sicos, cognitivos, emocionais e sócio-culturais dos participantes e contribuiu com compartilhamento de situações e manejo de práticas em grupo ao profissional musicoterapeuta.
A patient blood management perspective on Anemia in the obese patient journey
Authors: Duarte Gustavo de Carvalho , Wei Wenhua , Cho Gavin
Published: March 2023

Obesity and anemia are increasing prevalence around the globe. They can interplay and are both associated with high morbidity and poorer clinical outcomes. Inflammation and iron deficiency are important contributors to anemia in obese patients. Furthermore, obesity surgery can trigger high blood loss, increased demand for blood transfusions and long-term nutrient deficiency. Patient blood management programs have been crucial in improving patients' clinical results whilst minimizing costs in many different settings, such as orthopedic surgery, cardiovascular surgery, pregnancy and intensive care unit patients. In this mini-review, we will discuss applications of patient blood management principles in caring of obese individuals during the patient journey.
The thorny complexities of visualization research for clinical settings: A case study from genomics
Authors: Ståhlbom Emilia , Molin Jesper , Ynnerman Anders , Lundström Claes
Published: March 2023

In this perspective article we discuss a certain type of research on visualization for bioinformatics data, namely, methods targeting clinical use. We argue that in this subarea additional complex challenges come into play, particularly so in genomics. We here describe four such challenge areas, elicited from a domain characterization effort in clinical genomics. We also list opportunities for visualization research to address clinical challenges in genomics that were uncovered in the case study. The findings are shown to have parallels with experiences from the diagnostic imaging domain.
Acetobacteraceae as exopolysaccharide producers: Current state of knowledge and further perspectives
Authors: Wünsche Julia , Schmid Jochen
Published: March 2023

Exopolysaccharides formation against harmful biotic and abiotic environmental influences is common among bacteria. By using renewable resources as a substrate, exopolysaccharides represent a sustainable alternative to fossil-based polymers as rheological modifiers in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications. The family of Acetobacteraceae, traditionally associated with fermented food products, has demonstrated their ability to produce a wide range of structural and functional different polymers with interesting physicochemical properties. Several strains are well known for their production of homopolysaccharides of high industrial importance, such as levan and bacterial cellulose. Moreover, some Acetobacteraceae are able to form acetan-like heteropolysaccharides with a high structural resemblance to xanthan. This mini review summarizes the current knowledge and recent trends in both homo- and heteropolysaccharide production by Acetobacteraceae.
Modeling and simulation of extended ant colony labor division for benefit distribution of the all-for-one tourism supply chain with front and back decoupling
Authors: Liao Rundong , Li Shufang , Wu Conghui , Zhang Xiang , Jiang Changbing , Li Ruolan
Published: March 2023

This paper takes the supply chain alliance under the decoupling of the front and back of the all-for-one tourism as the research object. Considering the three behavior stimuli of self-benefit, altruism, and invariance, this article resets the attributes such as environmental stimuli and response threshold of ants based on the characteristics of the all-for-one tourism supply chain with shared services as the core under the decoupling of the front and back. Moreover, it introduces dual intervention factors to coordinate the benefit distribution process of different member companies, takes fairness as the main goal of benefit distribution, introduces relative deprivation as the measure index of fairness, and establishes a dynamic all-for-one tourism supply chain alliance benefit distribution model. The experimental results show that the extended model has good flexibility of benefit distribution and realizes the fair distribution of supply chain benefits.
Characterization of polar surface groups on siliceous materials by inverse gas chromatography and the enthalpy–entropy compensation effect
Authors: Meyer Ralf , Mueller Kai , Naumov Sergej , Bauer Frank , Enke Dirk
Published: March 2023

Surface-modified porous silica is a well-established composite material. To improve its embedding and application behavior, adsorption studies of various probe molecules have been performed using the technique of inverse gas chromatography (IGC). For this purpose, IGC experiments were carried out in the infinite dilution mode on macro-porous micro glass spheres before and after surface modification with (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane. To provide information about the polar interactions between probe molecules and the silica surface, in particular, eleven polar molecules have been injected. In summary, the free surface energy for pristine silica (γStotal = 229 mJ/m2) and for (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane-modified silica (γStotal = 135 mJ/m2) indicates a reduced wettability after surface modification. This is due to the reduction of the polar component of the free surface energy (γSSP) from 191 mJ/m2 to 105 mJ/m2. Simultaneously, with the reduction of surface silanol groups caused by surface modification of silica and, therefore, the decrease in polar interactions, a substantial loss of Lewis acidity was observed by various IGC approaches. Experiments with all silica materials have been conducted at temperatures in the range from 90°C to 120°C to determine the thermodynamic parameters, such as adsorption enthalpy (ΔHads) and adsorption entropy (ΔSads), using the Arrhenius regression procedure evaluating the IGC data. With the help of the enthalpy–entropy compensation, two types of adsorption complexes are assumed between polar probe molecules and the silica surface because of different isokinetic temperatures. Identical adsorption complexes with an isokinetic temperature of 370°C have been assigned to alkanes and weakly interacting polar probes such as benzene, toluene, dichloromethane, and chloroform. Polar probe molecules with typical functional groups such as OH, CO, and CN, having the ability to form hydrogen bonds to the silica surface, exhibit a lower isokinetic temperature of 60°C. Quantum chemical calculations of the probe molecules on a non-hydroxylated and hydroxylated silica cluster supported the formation of hydrogen bonds in the case of a strong polar adsorption complex with a bonding distance of 1.7 nm–1.9 nm to the silica surface.
Bordetella spp. utilize the type 3 secretion system to manipulate the VIP/VPAC2 signaling and promote colonization and persistence of the three classical Bordetella in the lower respiratory tract
Authors: First Nicholas J. , Pedreira-Lopez Jose , San-Silvestre Manuel R. F. , Parrish Katelyn M. , Lu Xiao-Hong , Gestal Monica C.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Bordetella are respiratory pathogens comprised of three classical Bordetella species: B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. bronchiseptica. With recent surges in Bordetella spp. cases and antibiotics becoming less effective to combat infectious diseases, there is an imperative need for novel antimicrobial therapies. Our goal is to investigate the possible targets of host immunomodulatory mechanisms that can be exploited to promote clearance of Bordetella spp. infections. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide that promotes Th2 anti-inflammatory responses through VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptor binding and activation of downstream signaling cascades.

Methods

We used classical growth in vitro assays to evaluate the effects of VIP on Bordetella spp. growth and survival. Using the three classical Bordetella spp. in combination with different mouse strains we were able to evaluate the role of VIP/VPAC2 signaling in the infectious dose 50 and infection dynamics. Finally using the B. bronchiseptica murine model we determine the suitability of VPAC2 antagonists as possible therapy for Bordetella spp. infections.

Results

Under the hypothesis that inhibition of VIP/VPAC2 signaling would promote clearance, we found that VPAC2-/- mice, lacking a functional VIP/VPAC2 axis, hinder the ability of the bacteria to colonize the lungs, resulting in decreased bacterial burden by all three classical Bordetella species. Moreover, treatment with VPAC2 antagonists decrease lung pathology, suggesting its potential use to prevent lung damage and dysfunction caused by infection. Our results indicate that the ability of Bordetella spp. to manipulate VIP/VPAC signaling pathway appears to be mediated by the type 3 secretion system (T3SS), suggesting that this might serve as a therapeutical target for other gram-negative bacteria.

Conclusion

Taken together, our findings uncover a novel mechanism of bacteria-host crosstalk that could provide a target for the future treatment for whooping cough as well as other infectious diseases caused primarily by persistent mucosal infections.
Analysis of Salmonella lineage-specific traits upon cell sorting
Authors: Fernández-Fernández Rocío , López-Igual Rocío , Casadesús Josep , Sánchez-Romero María Antonia
Published: March 2023

Microbial cell individuality is receiving increasing interest in the scientific community. Individual cells within clonal populations exhibit noticeable phenotypic heterogeneity. The advent of fluorescent protein technology and advances in single-cell analysis has revealed phenotypic cell variant in bacterial populations. This heterogeneity is evident in a wide range of phenotypes, for example, individual cells display variable degrees of gene expression and survival under selective conditions and stresses, and can exhibit differing propensities to host interactions. Last few years, numerous cell sorting approaches have been employed for resolving the properties of bacterial subpopulations. This review provides an overview of applications of cell sorting to analyze Salmonella lineage-specific traits, including bacterial evolution studies, gene expression analysis, response to diverse cellular stresses and characterization of diverse bacterial phenotypic variants.
Climate shock response and resilience of smallholder farmers in the drylands of south-eastern Zimbabwe
Authors: Nkonya Ephraim , Kato Edward , Msimanga Mthabisi , Nyathi Nomqhele
Published: March 2023

Climatic shocks are exerting pressure on livelihoods of Zimbabwe's smallholder farmer—who irrigate only 2% of their farms. The smallholder farmers in drought-prone areas are more exposed to drought because of their limited ability to cope with shocks and their greater concentration in less favorable climatic regions. This study was done to analyze shock-response approaches, which farmers use to cope with climatic shocks. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to analyze impact of World Vision Zimbabwe (WVZ) and other actors' interventions on farmer resilience to climatic shocks. Results show that mixed cropping and diversification in general were among the major strategies that pastoralists and crop farmers used to cope with climatic shocks. Crop farmers diversified types of crops as well as raising livestock. Similarly, pastoralists started growing short-term crops. Other coping strategies included intercropping, selling livestock, moving livestock to other places that did not experience drought. Both crop producers and livestock keepers engaged in nonfarm activities. About 60% of WVZ households reported that World Vision and partners helped them respond to shock and build resilience against climate change. These coping strategies had favorable impacts on household welfare. Diversification increased dietary diversity index by more than two and the increase was much greater among female-headed households than male-headed households. The WVZ intervention also significantly reduced the odds of going to bed without eating food or sleeping hungry. Non-farm income and value of assets for WVZ beneficiaries increased by about 20% and by 22% among treated female-headed households. The results show that diversification and providing grass root training of smallholder farmers increases their resilience to climate shocks.
Multivalvular involvement associated with Libman-Sacks endocarditis detected by multimodality imaging: A case report
Authors: Bui Son Tran Thanh , Nguyen Phuong Hoang , Nguyen Trang Ngoc , Kirkpatrick James N. , Nguyen Viet Khoi , Nguyen Hoai Thi Thu
Published: March 2023

Libman-Sacks endocarditis accounts for 6–11 percent of systemic lupus erythematosus patients and is associated with varying degrees of valvular dysfunction, increased risk for stroke and transient ischemic attacks, and increased mortality. In previous studies, left-sided valvular Libman-Sacks vegetations were more frequently detected than right sided vegetations; reported cases of bilateral involvement is very rare. A comprehensive clinical assessment and the multimodality imaging is of utmost importance in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. In this case report, we describe a 31-year-old female patient with uncontrolled systemic lupus erythematosus initially presented with gastrointestinal symptoms but eventually had a vegetation-like structure on the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve which was revealed during routine echocardiography. Two-dimensional/three-dimensional transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, and cardiac computed tomography further characterized the mitral valve vegetation and revealed an additional vegetation of the pulmonary valve. Echocardiography remains the cornerstone for the detection of Libman-Sacks vegetations. Cardiac MRI and cardiac CT are useful in characterizing lesion size and effects and may prove particularly helpful in the assessment of right-sided or multivalvular endocarditis. The presence of focal brain lesions on brain MRI prompted antithrombotic therapy.
Body mass index affecting ticagrelor monotherapy vs. ticagrelor with aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A pre-specified sub-analysis of the TICO randomized trial
Authors: Kim Byung Gyu , Hong Sung-Jin , Kim Byeong-Keuk , Lee Yong-Joon , Lee Seung-Jun , Ahn Chul-Min , Shin Dong-Ho , Kim Jung-Sun , Ko Young-Guk , Choi Donghoon , Hong Myeong-Ki , Jang Yangsoo
Published: March 2023

Background

Although ticagrelor monotherapy after 3-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) results in a significantly greater net clinical benefit over that with ticagrelor-based 12-month DAPT in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), it remains uncertain whether this effect is dependent on body mass index (BMI). We aimed to evaluate the BMI-dependent effect of these treatment strategies on clinical outcomes.

Methods

This was a pre-specified subgroup analysis from the TICO trial (Ticagrelor Monotherapy After 3 Months in Patients Treated With New Generation Sirolimus-eluting Stent for Acute Coronary Syndrome), evaluating the interaction between BMI and treatment strategies for the primary outcome [composite of major bleeding and adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE): death, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, stroke, or target-vessel revascularization]. The secondary outcomes were major bleeding and MACCE.

Results

Based on a pre-specified BMI threshold of 25 kg/m2, 3,056 patients were stratified. Patients with BMI <25 kg/m2 had a higher risk of primary and secondary outcomes than those with BMI ≥25 kg/m2. Regardless of the BMI subgroup, the effects of ticagrelor monotherapy after 3-month DAPT on the primary outcome (pint = 0.61), major bleeding (pint = 0.76), and MACCE (pint = 0.80) were consistent without significant interaction compared with ticagrelor-based 12-month DAPT. The treatment effects according to the BMI quartiles and age, sex, and diabetic status were also consistent without significant interaction.

Conclusion

The BMI-dependent impact of ticagrelor monotherapy after 3-month DAPT compared with 12-month DAPT on clinical outcomes was not heterogeneous in patients with ACS.

Clinical Trial Registration

[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [NCT02494895].
Uric acid/superoxide dismutase can predict progression of gestational hypertension to preeclampsia
Authors: Yun Lin , Yu Xiaoqian , Xu Rui
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Preeclampsia (PE), at early onset, is likely to be diagnosed as gestational hypertension (GH). Some cases of GH rapidly progress to PE within a short period of time, increasing the mortality rate of pregnant women and adverse events in neonates during the peripartum period. Oxidative stress participates in the occurrence and progression of PE. However, it is unknown whether the progression of GH to PE can be predicted.

Methods

A total of 1548 patients diagnosed with PE (649 cases) or GH (899 cases) from January 2016 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects. The 1548 patients were randomly divided into the training set (1083 cases) and the validation set (465 cases) in a 7:3 ratio. General and clinical data were collected to construct a risk factor prediction model for PE.

Results

We found that (1) Systolic blood pressure (SBP), and uric acid (UA)/ superoxide dismutase (SOD) were the risk factors for the progression of GH to PE; (2) A nomogram was constructed from the prediction model, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.95, with a sensitivity of 87.4%, a specificity of 92.8%; (3) Build a model simplified scoring system. PE was most strongly predicted by UA/SOD (100 points), SBP (29 points), and serum potassium (19 points). The AUC was 0.92, with a sensitivity of 91.0%, a specificity of 81.7%. The clinical decision analysis curve shows that the model exhibits positive benefits when the threshold probability is at 0.01–0.91.

Conclusion

These findings show that UA/SOD can predict progression of GH to PE.
Annual and semi-annual variations of electron density in the topside ionosphere observed by CSES
Authors: Zhu Keying , Yan Rui , Xiong Chao , Zheng Lin , Zhima Zeren , Shen Xuhui , Liu Dapeng , Guan Yibing , Liu Chao , Xu Song , Lv Fangxian , Guo Feng , Zhou Na
Published: March 2023

In this paper, based on the observations from Langmuir probe (LAP) onboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES), the annual/semi-annual variations of electron density (Ne) measured at 02:00 and 14:00 local time (LT) in the topside ionosphere have been analyzed. Results indicated that the Ne exhibits an amplification-linear-saturation with the increase of P10.7 in the daytime, while roughly linear in the nighttime. The annual/semi-annual variations of CSES Ne at around 500 km are found by morphological analysis and Morlet wavelet analysis, with dominant period of 187 days and 374 days. The annual components of longitude-averaged Ne dominate at most magnetic latitudes (Mlats) with maxima around the June solstices in the northern hemisphere and the December solstice in the southern hemisphere (except for the northern hemisphere in the nighttime), while the semi-annual variation dominates at the magnetic equator and low magnetic latitudes with two maxima at equinoxes. The Ne dominant period is characterized by a transition from semi-annual variation at the equator and low magnetic latitudes regions to annual variation at the middle magnetic latitudes region. The annual/semi-annual variations of Ne observed by CSES satellite show a consistent performance with previous studies, and have complemented the ionospheric characteristics at 500 km altitude, especially in the nighttime.
Synchronous self-assessment: First experience for higher education instructors
Authors: Remesal Ana , Estrada Flor G.
Published: March 2023

We present a qualitative study of four cases of university instructors (teacher educators) implementing synchronous self-assessment (SSA). SSA consists of an innovative assessment strategy during written exam situations, which highlights the students’ voice and agency, giving it greater weight in the power balance traditionally established between instructors and students in classroom assessment practices. In this article, we focus on the effects and pedagogical potential of this assessment strategy from instructors’ point of view. In our study, three instructors were novels in implementing this strategy; the fourth instructor had several years of experience with it. The four instructors agreed on basic design features for an end-of-semester exam offered in four groups of first-year students of the same shared program at a Bachelor’s degree for Kindergarten Educator and Primary School Teacher. The instructors were individually interviewed after the assessment session in their course and the exams were gathered for analysis. Content and discursive analysis was carried out on the data. Results show substantial differences in the evaluative artefacts (instructors’ exams) in terms of cognitive demand and formative assessment potential, and point to noticeable needs for professional development in pursuit of assessment literacy in Higher Education.
A novel DEAH-box helicase 37 mutation associated with differences of sex development
Authors: Wan Yun , Yu Richeng , Luo Jianhua , Huang Ping , Zheng Xingju , Sun Liqun , Hu Kui
Published: March 2023

Objective

To determine the genetic etiology of a family pedigree with two patients affected by differences of sex development (DSD).

Methods

Assess the clinical characteristics of the patients and achieve exome sequencing results and in vitro functional studies.

Results

The 15-year-old proband, raised as female, presented with delayed puberty and short stature associated with atypical genitalia. Hormonal profile showed hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism. Imaging studies revealed the absence of a uterus and ovaries. The karyotype confirmed a 46, XY pattern. Her younger brother presented with a micropenis and hypoplastic scrotum with non-palpable testis and hypospadias. Laparoscopic exploration was performed on the younger brother. Streak gonads were found and removed due to the risk of neoplastic transformation. Post-operative histopathology showed the co-existence of Wolffian and Müllerian derivatives. Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel mutation (c.1223C>T, p. Ser408Leu) in the Asp-Glu-Ala-His-box helicase 37 gene, which was found to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Segregation analysis of the variant displayed a sex-limited, autosomal dominant, maternal inheritance pattern. In vitro experiments revealed that the substitution of 408Ser by Leu caused decreased DHX37 expression both at the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, the β-catenin protein was upregulated, and the p53 protein was unaltered by mutant DHX37.

Conclusions

We described a novel mutation (c.1223C>T, p. Ser408Leu) of the DHX37 gene associated with a Chinese pedigree consisting of two 46, XY DSD patients. We speculated that the underlying molecular mechanism might involve upregulation of the β-catenin protein.
Resolving trabecular metaphyseal bone profiles downstream of the growth plate adds value to bone histomorphometry in mouse models
Authors: Salmon P. L. , Monzem S. , Javaheri B. , Oste L. , Kerckhofs G. , Pitsillides A. A.
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Histomorphometry of rodent metaphyseal trabecular bone, by histology or microCT, is generally restricted to the mature secondary spongiosa, excluding the primary spongiosa nearest the growth plate by imposing an ‘offset’. This analyses the bulk static properties of a defined segment of secondary spongiosa, usually regardless of proximity to the growth plate. Here we assess the value of trabecular morphometry that is spatially resolved according to the distance ‘downstream’ of—and thus time since formation at—the growth plate. Pursuant to this, we also investigate the validity of including mixed primary–secondary spongiosal trabecular bone, extending the analysed volume ‘upstream’ by reducing the offset. Both the addition of spatiotemporal resolution and the extension of the analysed volume have potential to enhance the sensitivity of detection of trabecular changes and to resolve changes occurring at different times and locations.

Method

Two experimental mouse studies of trabecular bone are used as examples of different factors influencing metaphyseal trabecular bone: (1) ovariectomy (OVX) and pharmacological prevention of osteopenia and (2) limb disuse induced by sciatic neurectomy (SN). In a third study into offset rescaling, we also examine the relationship between age, tibia length, and primary spongiosal thickness.

Results

Bone changes induced by either OVX or SN that were early or weak and marginal were more pronounced in the mixed primary–secondary upstream spongiosal region than in the downstream secondary spongiosa. A spatially resolved evaluation of the entire trabecular region found that significant differences between experimental and control bones remained undiminished either right up to or to within 100 μm from the growth plate. Intriguingly, our data revealed a remarkably linear downstream profile for fractal dimension in trabecular bone, arguing for an underlying homogeneity of the (re)modelling process throughout the entire metaphysis and against strict anatomical categorization into primary and secondary spongiosal regions. Finally, we find that a correlation between tibia length and primary spongiosal depth is well conserved except in very early and late life.

Conclusions

These data indicate that the spatially resolved analysis of metaphyseal trabecular bone at different distances from the growth plate and/or times since formation adds a valuable dimension to histomorphometric analysis. They also question any rationale for rejecting primary spongiosal bone, in principle, from metaphyseal trabecular morphometry.
Current status and prospects of diabetes mellitus induced erectile dysfunction: A bibliometric and visualization study
Authors: Zhang Lei , Bao Binghao , Guo Jianqiang , Qin Zhongjian , Huang Haonan , Chen Lu , Liu Baoxing
Published: March 2023

Background

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) has recently increased, which has prompted numerous DMED studies. Here, we conduct a bibliometric analysis of relevant literature in the field of DMED and to discuss the research hotspots and future development directions.

Methods

The Web of Science Core Collection database was searched for literature on DMED, and literature characterization including the number of articles, journals, countries/regions, institutions, authors, keywords, and other information was performed using VOS viewer and CiteSpace software. In addition, Pajek software was used for visual map adjustment, and GraphPad Prism was used to generate line graphs.

Results

A total of 804 articles concerning DMED were included in this study. The Journal of Sexual Medicine issued the most documents(92 articles). The United States and China were in the leading position in the field of DMED research, and cross-institutional collaboration on DMED research worldwide needs to be further strengthened. Ryu JK were the authors with the highest number of documents issued (22 articles) while Bivalacqua TJ was the author with the most co-citated(249 co-citated). The keywords analysis shows that the main research hotspots in the field of DMED were mechanism discussions and disease treatment and management.

Conclusions

Global research on DMED is expected to increase further. The investigation of the mechanism of DMED and the exploration of new therapeutic means and targets are the focus of future research.
Deep reinforcement learning for real-time economic energy management of microgrid system considering uncertainties
Authors: Liu Ding , Zang Chuanzhi , Zeng Peng , Li Wanting , Wang Xin , Liu Yuqi , Xu Shuqing
Published: March 2023

The electric power grid is changing from a traditional power system to a modern, smart, and integrated power system. Microgrids (MGs) play a vital role in combining distributed renewable energy resources (RESs) with traditional electric power systems. Intermittency, randomness, and volatility constitute the disadvantages of distributed RESs. MGs with high penetrations of renewable energy and random load demand cannot ignore these uncertainties, making it difficult to operate them effectively and economically. To realize the optimal scheduling of MGs, a real-time economic energy management strategy based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is proposed in this paper. Different from traditional model-based approaches, this strategy is learning based, and it has no requirements for an explicit model of uncertainty. Taking into account the uncertainties in RESs, load demand, and electricity prices, we formulate a Markov decision process for the real-time economic energy management problem of MGs. The objective is to minimize the daily operating cost of the system by scheduling controllable distributed generators and energy storage systems. In this paper, a deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) is introduced as a method for resolving the Markov decision process. The DDPG is a novel policy-based DRL approach with continuous state and action spaces. The DDPG is trained to learn the characteristics of uncertainties of the load, RES output, and electricity price using historical data from real power systems. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through the designed simulation experiments. In the second experiment of our designed simulation, the proposed DRL method is compared to DQN, SAC, PPO, and MPC methods, and it is able to reduce the operating costs by 29.59%, 17.39%, 6.36%, and 9.55% on the June test set and 30.96%, 18.34%, 5.73%, and 10.16% on the November test set, respectively. The numerical results validate the practical value of the proposed DRL algorithm in addressing economic operation issues in MGs, as it demonstrates the algorithm’s ability to effectively leverage the energy storage system to reduce the operating costs across a range of scenarios.
What drives willingness to travel in the context of COVID-19?—A measurement of eco-environmental values
Authors: Zhang Yuling , Wang Mengqing , Wu Kangmin
Published: March 2023

The outbreak of COVID-19 has had tremendous impacts on human health and the world economy. Studies have focused on the impact of COVID-19 on potential tourists and tourism destinations from the perspectives of individuals, industries and organizations, and they have provided some measures for tourism recovery. However, under the situation of individual restriction, research has not systematically explained residents’ desire for trips of different distances and factors or the similarities and differences in the factors affecting tourism willingness for trips of different distances. In this context, a measurement of eco-environmental values is used to investigate these issues to help the tourism economy recover. Using online questionnaires covering all provinces in mainland China, this paper investigates residents’ travel willingness to make trips of different distances, and it utilizes binary logistic regression analysis to examine the factors that help predict tourists’ travel intentions. In addition, the patterns of willingness to travel different distances are displayed in maps generated by ArcGIS software. The results suggest that the objective COVID-19 confirmed case distribution follows distance decay theory; however, the distribution patterns of travel willingness are not in accordance with distance decay. The factors that have a significant impact on predicting travel willingness regarding the three kinds of trip distances are educational background, cognition of COVID-19, and geographical division factors. Income and the severity of the pandemic situation play different roles in predicting travel willingness in this study. Overall, the findings of this study extend the application of distance decay theory, which contributes to tourism studies in the COVID-19 context. The findings are also beneficial for tourism recovery and crisis management against the backdrop of pandemic normalization.
The practice and potential of the SITES v2 rating system for the sustainable design of a landscape: A case study of Chicago’s Navy Pier
Authors: Jin Lin , Wang Yilei
Published: March 2023

The landscape is a synthesis of cultural and natural processes in a place that can be designed and maintained to improve and regenerate the natural benefits and services of ecosystems. The Sustainable Sites Initiative has developed a rating system that identifies and advances best practices for landscape architecture. The SITES v2 Rating System was produced through a multi-year iterative process and incentives sustainable landscape practices by using an ecosystem services framework. Opportunities for continuing research on how SITES v2 encourages the creation of a landscape sustainability system and drives more sustainable land development will become apparent as it expands in application, scope, and impact. To illustrate the practice and potential of SITES v2 for sustainable landscape design, this research is primarily a literature review with the specific context of the SITES gold-certified project, Navy Pier in Chicago. The results show that SITES v2 is an important tool for transforming theory into the implementation of ecosystem services and guiding design decisions towards sustainable outcomes. It also promotes the entire project's accountability to a higher standard of best practices and results in a more sustainable site. In the context of contemporary landscape architecture practices, SITES v2 may lead to the transformation of sustainable landscape design. This study can promote the ongoing application of SITES v2 and the creation of a better sustainable landscape through design. It holds the potential to highlight how the methodology on which SITES has been created can be linked with the development of future cities and the management of urban landscapes.
The impact of freezing on the post-mortem human microbiome
Authors: Ogbanga Nengi , Nelson Andrew , Gino Sarah , Wescott Daniel J. , Mickleburgh Hayley L. , Gocha Timothy P. , Procopio Noemi
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Human donations are often used in forensic research as they can provide unique insights into post-mortem research that cannot be obtained with animal proxies. This is especially true for forensic microbiome research, as human circumstances such as drug-use or health conditions may influence the post-mortem microbiome. However, it is not always feasible to conduct such research immediately after death. Donors are often stored frozen in human taphonomy facilities, pending the start of any experimental study, yet little is known about how freezing may affect their microbiome.

Methods

We assessed the effects of freezing on the post-mortem human microbiome by analysing the microbial diversity and abundance of seven human donors at the Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State (FACTS) before and after freezing. Swab samples were taken from five locations on each corpse upon arrival to FACTS and again after they had been frozen in storage for a period ranging between 11 and 40 days and subsequently thawed.

Results

After performing the microbiome analysis of the swabs via 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, we found changes in the abundance levels of Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota and Firmicutes, as well as the presence of the new phyla Deinococcota and Myxococcota after freezing. However, none of these changes were significant when comparing community diversity before and after freezing.

Discussion

Overall, our results show that the observed changes in the abundance of specific phyla before and after freezing are negligible, that freezing does not significantly alter the human microbiome and that frozen donors are suitable for forensic studies on the human thanatomicrobiome.
An improved machine learning model Shapley value-based to forecast demand for aquatic product supply chain
Authors: Su Xin , Huang Shanshan
Published: March 2023

Previous machine learning models usually faced the problem of poor performance, especially for aquatic product supply chains. In this study, we proposed a coupling machine learning model Shapely value-based to predict the CCL demand of aquatic products (CCLD-AP). We first select the key impact indicators through the gray correlation degree and finally determine the indicator system. Secondly, gray prediction, principal component regression analysis prediction, and BP neural network models are constructed from the perspective of time series, linear regression and nonlinear, combined with three single forecasts, a combined forecasting model is constructed, the error analysis of all prediction model results shows that the combined prediction results are more accurate. Finally, the trend extrapolation method and time series are combined to predict the independent variable influencing factor value and the CCLD-AP from 2023 to 2027. Our study can provide a reference for the progress of CCLD-AP in ports and their hinterland cities.
Integrating and optimizing genomic, weather, and secondary trait data for multiclass classification
Authors: Manthena Vamsi , Jarquín Diego , Howard Reka
Published: March 2023

Modern plant breeding programs collect several data types such as weather, images, and secondary or associated traits besides the main trait (e.g., grain yield). Genomic data is high-dimensional and often over-crowds smaller data types when naively combined to explain the response variable. There is a need to develop methods able to effectively combine different data types of differing sizes to improve predictions. Additionally, in the face of changing climate conditions, there is a need to develop methods able to effectively combine weather information with genotype data to predict the performance of lines better. In this work, we develop a novel three-stage classifier to predict multi-class traits by combining three data types—genomic, weather, and secondary trait. The method addressed various challenges in this problem, such as confounding, differing sizes of data types, and threshold optimization. The method was examined in different settings, including binary and multi-class responses, various penalization schemes, and class balances. Then, our method was compared to standard machine learning methods such as random forests and support vector machines using various classification accuracy metrics and using model size to evaluate the sparsity of the model. The results showed that our method performed similarly to or better than machine learning methods across various settings. More importantly, the classifiers obtained were highly sparse, allowing for a straightforward interpretation of relationships between the response and the selected predictors.
Prognostic value of autophagy-related genes based on single-cell RNA-sequencing in colorectal cancer
Authors: Luo Yuqi , Deng Xuesong , Liao Weihua , Huang Yiwen , Lu Caijie
Published: March 2023

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer in China. Autophagy plays an important role in the initiation and development of CRC. Here, we assessed the prognostic value and potential functions of autophagy-related genes (ARGs) using integrated analysis using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Methods: We analyzed GEO-scRNA-seq data from GEO using various single-cell technologies, including cell clustering, and identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different cell types. Additionally, we performed gene set variation analysis (GSVA). The differentially expressed ARGs among different cell types and those between CRC and normal tissues were identified using TCGA-RNA-seq data, and the hub ARGs were screened. Finally, a prognostic model based on the hub ARGs was constructed and validated, and patients with CRC in TCGA datasets were divided into high- and low-risk groups based on their risk-score, and immune cells infiltration and drug sensitivity analyses between the two groups were performed.

Results: We obtained single-cell expression profiles of 16,270 cells, and clustered them into seven types of cells. GSVA revealed that the DEGs among the seven types of cells were enriched in many signaling pathways associated with cancer development. We screened 55 differentially expressed ARGs, and identified 11 hub ARGs. Our prognostic model revealed that the 11 hub ARGs including CTSB, ITGA6, and S100A8, had a good predictive ability. Moreover, the immune cell infiltrations in CRC tissues were different between the two groups, and the hub ARGs were significantly correlated with the enrichment of immune cell infiltration. The drug sensitivity analysis revealed that the patients in the two risk groups had difference in their response to anti-cancer drugs.

Conclusion: We developed a novel prognostic 11-hub ARG risk model, and these hubs may act as potential therapeutic targets for CRC.
Clustering and machine learning-based integration identify cancer associated fibroblasts genes’ signature in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Qiwei , Zhao Yinan , Wang Fang , Tan Guolin
Published: March 2023

Background: A hallmark signature of the tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is abundantly infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which facilitate HNSCC progression. However, some clinical trials showed targeted CAFs ended in failure, even accelerated cancer progression. Therefore, comprehensive exploration of CAFs should solve the shortcoming and facilitate the CAFs targeted therapies for HNSCC.

Methods: In this study, we identified two CAFs gene expression patterns and performed the single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to quantify the expression and construct score system. We used multi-methods to reveal the potential mechanisms of CAFs carcinogenesis progression. Finally, we integrated 10 machine learning algorithms and 107 algorithm combinations to construct most accurate and stable risk model. The machine learning algorithms contained random survival forest (RSF), elastic network (Enet), Lasso, Ridge, stepwise Cox, CoxBoost, partial least squares regression for Cox (plsRcox), supervised principal components (SuperPC), generalised boosted regression modelling (GBM), and survival support vector machine (survival-SVM).

Results: There are two clusters present with distinct CAFs genes pattern. Compared to the low CafS group, the high CafS group was associated with significant immunosuppression, poor prognosis, and increased prospect of HPV negative. Patients with high CafS also underwent the abundant enrichment of carcinogenic signaling pathways such as angiogenesis, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and coagulation. The MDK and NAMPT ligand–receptor cellular crosstalk between the cancer associated fibroblasts and other cell clusters may mechanistically cause immune escape. Moreover, the random survival forest prognostic model that was developed from 107 machine learning algorithm combinations could most accurately classify HNSCC patients.

Conclusion: We revealed that CAFs would cause the activation of some carcinogenesis pathways such as angiogenesis, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and coagulation and revealed unique possibilities to target glycolysis pathways to enhance CAFs targeted therapy. We developed an unprecedentedly stable and powerful risk score for assessing the prognosis. Our study contributes to the understanding of the CAFs microenvironment complexity in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and serves as a basis for future in-depth CAFs gene clinical exploration.