bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L5-S1 Foraminal Stenosis Degeneration after L4-5 Lumbar Spinal Stenosis for TLIF: Impact of Preoperative Spinal Muscle Quality
Authors: Chen Minghang , Zhang Peng , Lai Jiaxin , Li Sheng , Yu Weijie , Fan Shikang , Yan Xin , He Yaozhi , Teng Honglin
Published: March 2023

Study design: Retrospective cohort analysis.
Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the effect of preoperative lumbar muscle quality (including muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle fatty infiltration rate (FIR) on L5-S1 foraminal stenosis degeneration after L4-5 TLIF.
Summary of Background Data: Adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) was a major spinal fusion complication. The paraspinal muscle had been proven to be an essential factor influencing the happening of ASD. However, few studies had investigated the association between paraspinal muscle and adjacent segment foraminal stenosis degeneration (ASD-FS).
Methods: One hundred-thirteen patients diagnosed with lumbar spinal stenosis at L4-5 were involved. Paraspinal muscle measurements were obtained preoperatively and bilaterally from axial T2-weighted MR images. The parameters included the, psoas cross-sectional area (p-CSA), erector spinae cross-sectional area (es-CSA), multifidus cross-sectional area (m-CSA), psoas fatty infiltration rate (p-FIR), erector spinae fatty infiltration rate (es-FIR), and multifidus fatty infiltration rate(m-FIR). The foraminal parameters were obtained in the Computed Tomography system bilaterally, including posterior disc height (PDH), disc-to-facet distance (D-F), foraminal height (FH), and foraminal area (FA). The association between muscle quality and ASD-FS had also been studied.
Results: At the last follow-up, the DF, FH, and FA were significantly decreased compared to pre-operation, and the decrease in FA was significantly positively related to es-FIR and m-FIR.
Conclusion: FIR for lumbar muscles preoperative was a predictor for L5-S1 ASD-FS after TLIF surgery, and patients who had higher es-FIR and higher m-FIR were more inclined to develop L5-S1 ASD-FS.
Collegial Effects of Salt and Ultraviolet Radiation on Rice-Field Cyanobacterium Nostochopsis lobatus HKAR-21
Authors: Singh Ashish , Gupta Amit , Singh Prashant , Jaiswal Jyoti , Sinha Rajeshwar P.
Published: March 2023

Cyanobacteria are a primitive group of photosynthetic oxygen-evolving, Gram-negative prokaryotes. Similar to eukaryotic algae and higher plants, it engages in photosynthesis-dependent oxygen evolution with water as a proton source. Cyanobacteria can be used as a model system to study the mechanisms of signal transduction, photosynthesis, and membrane lipids under abiotic stress, which may also provide an applicable model for higher plants. Salt stress is an abiotic factor that significantly affects plant survival and development. Therefore, improving the salt tolerance of agriculturally important plants is critical. Similar to how rising ultraviolet radiation (UVR) has a negative impact on land and an aquatic ecosystem, climate change has significant interactions with it. Cyanobacteria endure diverse effects from UV radiation, especially UV-B (280–315 nm). These alterations result from the production of free radicals, and PSII is a key target of UVR in photosynthetic organisms. In this experiment, we looked at the variation in photopigments of the cyanobacterium and its photosynthetic performance. The effect of increasing salt concentration on total lipid, carbohydrate composition and PBPs has been assessed. During UV stress, antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were examined. After that, using 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), ROS was detected in vivo. The induction of lipid peroxidation has been investigated to evaluate the impact of UV radiation on the cyanobacterial membrane in addition to enzymatic defensive systems.
A CT-based nomogram established for differentiating heterotopic pancreas from gastrointestinal stromal tumor: compared with a machine-learning model
Authors: Feng Na , Chen Hai-Yan , Wang Xiao-Jie , Lu Yuan-Fei , Zhou Jia-Ping , Zhou Qiao-Mei , Wang Xin-Bin , Yu Jie-Ni , Xu Jian-Xia , Yu Ri-Sheng
Published: March 2023

Objective: To identify CT features and establish a nomogram, compared with a machine learning-based model for distinguishing heterotopic pancreas (HP) from gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).
Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 148 patients with pathologically confirmed HP (n = 48) and GIST (n = 100) in the stomach or small intestine that were less than 3 cm in size. Clinical information and CT characteristics were collected. A nomogram on account of lasso regression and multivariate logistic regression, and a RandomForest (RF) model based on significant variables in univariate analyses were established. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, mean area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA) were carried out to evaluate and compare the diagnostic ability of models.
Results: The nomogram identified five CT features as independent predictors of HP diagnosis: age, location, LD/SD ratio, duct-like structure, and HU lesion / HU pancreas A. Five features were included in RF model and ranked according to their relevance to the differential diagnosis: LD/SD ratio, HU lesion / HU pancreas A, location, peritumoral hypodensity line and age. The nomogram and RF model yielded AUC of 0.951 (95% CI: 0.842–0.993) and 0.894 (95% CI: 0.766–0.966), respectively. The DeLong test found no statistically significant difference in diagnostic performance (p > 0.05), but DCA revealed that the nomogram surpassed the RF model in clinical usefulness.
Conclusion: Two diagnostic prediction models based on a nomogram as well as RF method were reliable and easy-to-use for distinguishing between HP and GIST, which might also assist treatment planning.
Construction of Knowledge Tracing Model Based on Side Information
Authors: Xu Haoxin , Yin Jiaqi , Wang Chenglong , Gu Xiaoqing
Published: March 2023

Intelligent Tutoring Systems are becoming more and more important in online education. Knowledge Tracing is a crucial part of ITS and aims to track students' knowledge status according to their historical performance and predict their future performance. Recent research shows that Deep Knowledge Tracing (DKT) models exhibit better performance than traditional models. However, the input of the DKT models depends on the ID and the total number of Students, Knowledge components, and Questions (SKQ), so the DKT models can not quickly be transferred to other datasets. Moreover, the application of the trained models is strictly limited when they are put into use due to data privacy. To solve these problems, this study proposes 14 features as side information (information that does not contain ID) related to SKQ and constructs a Knowledge Tracing model based on Side Information (SIKT). The input of this model neither depends on specific ID and the total number of SKQ nor involves students' private information to apply to all datasets. The results in continual learning with three real-world datasets as independent tasks show that: 1) The SIKT model performs better than the baseline models on three datasets and uses the least number of parameters. The side information of students and questions has a significant impact on the effectiveness of knowledge tracing. 2) In continual learning, the SIKT model has better performance on tasks with wider data distribution and can share knowledge across different tasks. 3)The SIKT model does not have the problem of catastrophic forgetting and learns the knowledge of both the original task and the new task at the same time when learning new tasks. 4) The performance achieved by the SIKT model in continual learning is comparable to that achieved by pooling all tasks at once and the model can generalize better as the number of training tasks increases.
OR-1896 increases force of contraction in the isolated human atrium
Authors: Rayo-Abella Lina M. , Grundig Peter , Bernhardt Max N. , Hofmann Britt , Neumann Joachim , Gergs Ulrich
Published: March 2023

OR-1896 ((R)-N-(4-(4-methyl-6-oxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazin-3-yl) phenyl)-acetamide) is the main active metabolite of levosimendan. However, nobody has reported a positive inotropic effect of OR-1896 in isolated human cardiac preparations. The mechanism of action of OR-1896 remains controversial. Hence, we wanted to know whether OR-1896 exerts a positive inotropic effect in humans and what might be the underlying mechanism. Therefore, we measured the contractile effects of OR-1896 (0.01–10 µM cumulatively applied) in isolated electrically stimulated (1 Hz) human right atrial preparations (HAP), obtained during cardiac surgery. OR-1896 given alone exerted time- and concentration-dependent positive inotropic effects. 1 µM OR-1896 increased force by 72 ± 14.7% (p < 0.05, n = 6) and shortened the time of relaxation by 10.6 ± 3.6% (p < 0.05, n = 11) in HAP started at 0.1 µM, plateaued at 1 µM OR-1896 and was antagonized by 1 µM propranolol. The maximum positive inotropic effect of OR-1896 in human right atrial preparations was than that of 10 µM isoprenaline. EMD 57033 (10 µM), a calcium sensitizer, increased force of contraction further in the additional presence of 1 µM OR-1896 by 109 ± 19% (p < 0.05, n = 4). Cilostamide (10 µM), an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase III given before OR-1896 (1 µM) blocked the positive inotropic effect of OR-1896 in HAP. Our data suggest that OR-1896 is indeed a positive inotropic agent in the human heart. OR-1896 acts as a PDE III - inhibitor and OR-1896 is unlikely to act as a calcium sensitizer in the human heart.
Thin-film thermal system for nucleic acid amplification in digital microfluidics
Authors: HE Haipeng , Hu Chenxuan , Li Jiahao , Zhang Maolin , Liang Jiancong , Lin Baiquan , Xi Kerui , Wang Shurong , Ma Hanbin
Published: March 2023

Digital microfluidics system is a powerful platform to realise true lab-on-a-chip. While most biological applications have delicate temperature requirements, integration of a thermal system with microfluidics has become an obstacle for system minimization for applications in point-of-cares. In this paper, we developed a heating plate on glass based on thin-film technology, which is fully compatible with glass substrate-based digital microfluidic chip. The thin-film heating plate and the digital microfluidic chip were controlled with a customized driver circuit. We have carried out characterization experiments to verify the on-chip temperature uniformity and heating rate. We have demonstrated both Polymerase Chain Reaction and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification experiments with the proposed system. This work opens up a new way for portable glass-based digital microfluidic chips with a fully integrated thermal system.
Transcriptome Analysis and Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis Constructed the Metastasis-Related Signature in Melanoma and Identified CD74 as a Novel Biomarker
Authors: Huai Hongyu , Li Junpeng , Li Junliang , Lan Huan
Published: March 2023

A prevalent skin cancer with a dismal prognosis before it spreads, cutaneous melanoma is challenging to cure. We downloaded melanoma data from the TCGA database, and the patients there were split into two groups: one for training and one for validation. After that, tumor metastatic genes in melanoma were evaluated using univariate Cox regression, LASSO regression, and multivariate Cox regression. A predictive model linked to melanoma metastasis genes was then created. To categorize melanoma patients, the model might be employed. Melanoma patients in the training and validation cohorts could be divided into high-risk and low-risk groups; the high-risk group had a considerably worse prognosis (P <0.05). The theoretical groundwork for comprehending the function of metastatic genes in melanoma is established by our investigation. Several algorithms were used to evaluate the relationship between the immune cell infiltration level and the model gene CD74. In an immunotherapy cohort, CD74's capacity to forecast treatment outcome was evaluated. Prognosis was found to be improved by high CD74 expression. High CD74 expression was substantially linked to the activation of immune-related pathways, according to correlation pathway analysis. Patients who responded to immunotherapy and those with lower IC50 who received chemotherapeutic treatment tended to express CD74 at a higher level. In melanoma cell lines, RT-qPCR discovered a substantial downregulation of CD74 expression. Analysis of the single-cell transcriptome revealed that B cells express CD74 with excellent specificity. Analysis using "CellChat" demonstrated that CD74 participates in MIF and MHC-II-mediated pathways that control the immune microenvironment. In conclusion, CD74 will be helpful for immunotherapy and is a trustworthy biomarker for melanoma.
Increased CD44 Expression in Primary Meningioma: Its Clinical Significance and Association with Peritumoral Brain Edema
Authors: Sawaya Ryosuke , Yamaguchi Shigeru , Ishi Yukitomo , Okamoto Michinari , Echizenya Sumire , Motegi Hiroaki , Fujima Noriyuki , Fujimura Miki
Published: March 2023

Purpose: CD44 is a major cell surface receptor involved in cell adhesion and migration. The overexpression of CD44 is a poor prognostic factor in many neoplasms, including meningiomas. This study investigated the association between CD44 gene expression and clinical signatures of primary meningiomas.
Methods: CD44 gene expression was quantitatively evaluated by snap-freezing tumor tissues obtained from 106 patients with primary meningioma. The relationships between CD44 expression and clinical signatures of meningiomas, including histological malignancy, tumor volume, and peritumoral brain edema (PTBE), were analyzed. PTBE was assessed using the Steinhoff classification system (from SC-0 to SC-III).
Results: CD44 gene expression in World Health Organization grade 2 and 3 meningiomas was significantly higher than that in grade 1 meningiomas. In addition, CD44 expression increased with the severity of PTBE. Particularly, among the grade 1 meningiomas or small-sized tumors (maximum tumor diameter less than 43 mm), CD44 expression in tumors with severe PTBE (SC-II/III) was significantly higher than that in tumors without or mild PTBE (SC-0/I). Multivariate logistic regression analysis also revealed that overexpression of CD44was an independent significant factor of severe PTBE development in primary meningiomas.
Conclusion: In addition to tumor cell aggressiveness, CD44expression promotes the development of PTBE in meningioma. Since PTBE is a strong factor of tumor-related epilepsy or cognitive dysfunction in patients with meningioma, CD44 is thus a potential therapeutic target in meningioma with PTBE.
Heterotic Grouping and Combining Ability of Tropical Maize Inbred Lines under Northern Blight Infested Environments
Authors: OHUNAKIN Akinlolu O.
Published: March 2023

Knowledge of combining ability and heterotic grouping among maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines is critical for any successful hybrid program and in northern leaf blight disease prone environments. Fourty-five (45) single cross hybrids and ten corresponding parental lines evaluation was carried out at five locations in Nigeria using a 5 × 11 alpha lattice design to estimate; i. their agronomic performance and stability of inbred lines and hybrids for grain yield in NLB infested locations, ii. their combining ability across locations, iii. effectiveness of the heterotic group’s specific and general combining ability method (HSGCA), which considers a single trait versus the Heterotic group general combining ability of multiple traits (‘HGCAMT’) for classifying the selected maize into heterotic classes. Significant GCA and SCA effects across environments revealed additive and dominant gene action in the inheritance of the traits. The greater proportion of GCA over SCA across environments indicates significance of additive gene action over dominance action among inbred lines with both methods. Both HSGCA and HGCAMT provided similar classification of the inbreds into two heterotic classes. ‘TZEEI 14 × TZEI 14’ and ‘TZEEI 14 × TZEI 134’ were identified as the best hybrids in this study, therefore, both hybrids should be broadly evaluated in multi-location trials and encouraged for adoption in environments with high NLB disease pressure.
Optimization of steel beams with external pretension, considering the environmental and financial impact
Authors: Fiorotti Kamila Madeira , Silva Gabrieli Fontes , Calenzani Adenilcia Fernanda Grobério , Alves Élcio Cassimiro
Published: March 2023

With the advancement technology for reinforced concrete structures, it becomes increasingly feasible to use this technology for steel structures. The objective of this work is to present the formulation of the optimization problem of steel beams with external pretension with straight or polygonal tracing cables, considering the environmental and economic impacts. For the objective function formulation, the minimization of CO2 emission and cost in the design of the structure was considered. As constraints were established the states limits imposed by ABNT NBR 8800:2008. The program was developed within the MATLAB Platform (2016) and the optimization problem solution was obtained through the native Genetic Algorithms method. Routine validation was performed using examples found in the literature and an analysis of the predominant collapse modes was performed. The results indicate that monosymmetric profiles have gains when it comes to reducing CO2 emissions and cost when compared to doubly symmetrical profiles, in addition it was observed that straight cables generate better values of CO2 emission and cost when compared to polygonal cables.
Melatonin alleviates pyroptosis by regulating SIRT3/FOXO3α/ROS axis and interacting with apoptosis
Authors: Cong Lin , Liu Xiankun , Bai Yiming , Qin Qin , Zhao Lili , Shi Ying , Bai Yunpeng , Guo Zhigang
Published: March 2023

Atherosclerosis (AS), a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD), is steadily rising with the aging of the global population. Pyroptosis and apoptosis, both caspase-mediated cell death mechanisms, play an essential role in the occurrence and progression of AS. The human pineal gland is the primary producer of melatonin (MT), an indoleamine hormone with powerful anti-oxidative, anti-pyroptosis, and anti-apoptotic properties. This study examined MT's antioxidative stress and anti-pyroptotic effects on human THP-1 macrophages treated with nicotine. Our research found that MT downregulated NOD-like receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, ASC, and caspase-1 expressions and abrogated the release of Interleukin-1β (IL1β) and Interleukin-18 (IL-18), indicating effective pyroptosis inhibition. These changes were paralleled by a reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, reversal of sirtuin3 (SIRT3), and Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3α) upregulation. The findings suggest that MT is a viable strategy for counteracting pyroptosis and apoptosis in AS patients by up-regulating SIRT3, promoting FOXO3α, and suppressing ROS production. In inhibiting pyroptosis, MT also inhibits apoptosis, mainly caused by the interaction of caspase-1 and caspase-3 proteins. In vivo studies using ApoE-/- mice confirmed that nicotine could accelerate plaque formation caused by high-fat diets. Moreover, mice treated with MT showed a significant reduction in AS lesion area and increased in cellulose level. Importantly, our understanding of the inhibitory pathways for macrophage pyroptosis will allow us to identify other novel therapeutic targets that will help treat, prevent, and reduce AS-associated mortality.
Mental health treatment programs for children and young people in secure settings: A systematic review
Authors: Schutte Valerie , Danseco Evangeline , Lucente Gabrielle , Sundar Purnima
Published: March 2023

Background:While there are mental health treatment programs for children and young people in secure settings (i.e., secure treatment programs) in many countries, there is a lack of transparency and consistency across these that causes confusion for stakeholders and challenges for the design and delivery of high-quality, evidence-based programs. This systematic review addresses two questions: What do mental health treatment programs for children and young people in secure community settings look like across jurisdictions? What is the evidence underlying the various components of these programs?Methods:Twelve databases were searched in November 2021: CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Academic Search Complete, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences collection, Google Scholar, OpenDOAR, and GreyLit.org. To be included, publications had to be empirical literature or a report on mental health treatment within a secure setting for people under the age of 25; contain pre-identified keywords; be based on a research or evaluation study conducted since 2000; and be assessed as low risk of bias using an adaptation of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative research checklist. The systematic review included 63 publications. Data were collected and analyzed in NVivo qualitative software using a coding framework.Results:There are secure treatment programs in Australia, Belgium, Canada, New Zealand, the Netherlands, England and Wales, Scotland, and the United States of America. Although there are inconsistencies across programs in terms of the systems in which they are embedded, client profiles, treatments provided, and lengths of stays, most share commonalities in their governance, definitions, designs, and intended outcomesConclusions:The commonalities across secure treatment programs appear to stem from them being designed around a need for treatment that includes a mental disorder, symptom severity and salience involving significant risk of harm to self and/or others, and a proportionality of the risks and benefits of treatment. Most share a common logic; however, the evidence shows that this logic tends not to lead to sustained outcomes. Policymakers, service providers, and researchers could use the offered recommendations to ensure the provision of high-quality secure treatment programming to children and young people with serious and complex mental health needs.
Dehn twist--crosscap slide presentations for involutions on non-orientable surfaces of genera up to 5
Authors: Omori Genki , Sakata Naoki
Published: March 2023

We give Dehn twist--crosscap slide presentations for involutions on non-orientable surfaces of genera up to 5.
NL-1 restores oxidative stress and apoptosis via mitoNEET induced mitophagy after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats
Authors: Zhang Tongyu , Zhang Minghai
Published: March 2023

Background:NL-1, a ligand of mitoNEET with antileukemic effect. Recent study proved that it binds to mitoNEET resulting in neuroprotective effects of ischemic stroke model. However, its underlying process in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is still unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of NL-1 after SAH in rats.Methods:112 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used for experiments. SAH model was performed with endovascular perforation. Rats were given intraperitoneally (i.p.) with NL-1 (3 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 30mg/kg) or a vehicle (10% DMSO aqueous solution) at 1h after SAH. A novel mitophagy inhibitor liensinine (60 mg/kg) was injected i.p. 24 hours before SAH. SAH grades, short-term and long-term neurological scores were measured for neurobehavior. TdTmediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, dihydroethidium (DHE) staining and western blot measurements were used to detect the outcomes and mechanisms of NL-1 administration.Results:NL-1 treatment significantly improved short-term neurological behavior in Modified Garcia and beam balance sores in comparison with SAH + vehicle group. NL-1 administration also increased mitoNEET which induced phosphatase and tensin-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin and LC3II related mitophagy compared with SAH + vehicle group. In addition, the expressions of apoptotic protein Cleaved Caspase-3 and oxidative stress related protein Romo1 in NL-1 treatment group were reversed from SAH + vehicle group. Meanwhile, NL-1 treatment notably reduced TUNEL-positive cells, DHE-positive cells compared with SAH + vehicle group. NL-1 treatment notably improved long-term neurological behavior in rotarod and water maze tests compared to SAH + vehicle group. However, liensinine could abolish the treatment effects of NL-1 on neurobehavior and pathway related proteins’ expression.Conclusions:NL-1 induced PINK1/PARKIN related mitophagy via mitoNEET, which reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis in early brain injury after SAH in rats. NL-1 may serve as a prospective drug for the treatment of SAH.
How can local government contribute to the development of social capital? A novel strategy for local and integrated sustainability
Authors: Shafieisabet Naser , Khaksar Sogand
Published: March 2023

One of the most critical elements of local and integrated sustainability is raising the social capital of the villagers, even though the effectiveness of the local administration influences this. Enhancing the many facets of villagers' social capital is challenging and sometimes needs to be within reach in underdeveloped nations. Only a few studies have looked at the variables that might prevent or promote the development of villagers' social capital related to their involvement in integrated, sustainable local development projects. This article investigates the figure of social capital in sustainable, locally based rural development in Tehran Province, Iran, to fill this knowledge gap. The results show the intrinsic barriers to improving social capital dimensions because of exogenous factors affecting local government. They use empirical data, such as legal and regulatory factors, government policy-making, and local government dependence on the national government, especially in top-down management like Iran, the framework of social organizations related to formal institutions. Findings also show that if the local government's exogenous factors and the villagers' power are improved, their social capital will increase, and the local government and villagers can use it. Such knowledge can transform the villagers' experiences to enhance their social capital by focusing on a pattern between themselves and their settlement. The villagers' social capital can significantly enable them to achieve what they aspire to in local and integrated sustainability rural development and make actual change. This article concludes with this analysis's implications for improving villagers' social capital in local and integrated sustainability.
Some Double Series for Π and Their q-analogues
Authors: Gu Guoping , Wang Xiaoxia
Published: March 2023

In this paper, by applying the partial derivative operator on summation formulas of hypergeometric series and basic hypergeometric series, we establish several double series for π and their q-analogues.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 33C20; Secondary 05A10, 33D15.
Double-Pulley, V-Shaped Fixation Technique for Arthroscopic Repair of Ideberg Type IA Glenoid Fracture
Authors: Li Baichuan , Sun Jianchao , Rong Ke , Deng Haiquan , Tang Zhongfei , Tang Jian
Published: March 2023

Background: Different techniques have been described for glenoid fractures, there is still a need for safe and effective agents to promote outcomes. To evaluate the clinical effect of the Double-pulley, V-shaped fixation technique under arthroscopy in the treatment of Ideberg Type IA glenoid fractures.
Methods: From January 2016 to April 2021, the clinical data of 17 patients with pulley type IA fractures treated by the V-shaped fixation technique under shoulder arthroscopy were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative X-ray, CT, and MRI examinations were completed, and the average defect area of glenoid fracture was 25%. The functional score of the shoulder joint, such as the visual analog scale (VAS), Constant score, and Modified Rowe score, was used to evaluate the preoperative and final follow-up clinical outcomes. The active shoulder range of motion (ROM) was also collected preoperatively and at the final postoperative follow-up (forward flexion and abduction). Accordingly, intraoperative and postoperative complications were also observed.
Results: The mean follow-up was 49.52 months (16-79 months). The patients’ follow-up exams showed that shoulder joint flexion, abduction, external rotation, internal rotation, and pain were not significantly different from those of the contralateral side (p > 0.05). The mean Constant score was 83.52 (58-98), and the average Modified Rowe score was 94.29 (70-100). X-ray and CT films of all cases showed good healing without articular depression or steps. Three patients had traumatic arthritis, with VAS<3 pain. No postoperative complications, such as infections, nerve or vessel damage, or suture anchor problems occurred during the follow-up period.
Conclusions:Using the Double-pull, V-shaped fixation technique can stabilize the reduction of glenoid fractures while reducing the possibility of bone destruction. It is a good solution and provides an opportunity to treat rotator cuff tears associated with the procedure. However, there is an extended learning curve for shoulder arthroscopy.
Using LAP PROTECTOR™ to prevent subcutaneous emphysema after robotic gastrectomy
Authors: Hayashi Kengo , Inaki Noriyuki , Sakimura Yusuke , Yamaguchi Takahisa , Obatake Yoshinao , Terai Shiro , Kitamura Hirotaka , Kadoya Shinichi , Bando Hiroyuki
Published: March 2023

Subcutaneous emphysema (SE), a complication of robotic gastrectomy (RG), occurs when the gas used to establish pneumoperitoneum escapes and enters the soft tissue. SE typically does not result in major clinical problems, but massive SE can have life-threatening consequences. Hence, developing adequate preventive methods against postoperative SE is essential. We aimed to determine whether an existing protective device, the LAP PROTECTOR™ (LP), can be used to reduce the incidence of SE after RG. We analyzed the data of 194 patients who underwent RG at our hospital between August 2016 and December 2022. Since September 2021 (the 102nd patient), we have used the LP (FF0504; Hakko Medical, Hongo, Tokyo, Japan) at the trocar site, as this was expected to reduce the incidence of SE. The primary endpoint of this study was the efficacy of the LP in reducing the incidence of clinically relevant SE (defined as SE extending into the cervical area) a day after RG. Univariate analysis revealed that sex, body mass index (BMI), and LP usage differed significantly between patients with and without postoperative SE. Logistic regression analysis revealed that male sex (odds ratio [OR]: 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15–0.72, P < 0.001), high BMI (OR: 0.13, 95% CI: 1.23–4.45, P = 0.009), and LP usage (OR: 0.11, 95% CI: 0.04–0.3, P < 0.001) were preventive factors independently associated with a lower incidence of clinically relevant SE. Placing an LP at the trocar site may be a safe and effective method of preventing SE after RG.
Simplified deep-learning approach for estimating the ultimate axial load of circular composite columns
Authors: Veerapandian Varunkumar , Pandulu Gajalakshmi , Jayaseelan Revathy , Y Mohammed Asif M
Published: March 2023

Composite columns were preferred over Reinforced Concrete columns in modern-day construction techniques due to their confinement effect. Different materials were utilized as the outer confining tube and are mainly characterized by their mechanical properties. The main objective of this research is to develop a novel simplified Artificial Neural Network model for the determination of the ultimate axial load of the circular composite columns irrespective of the type of confining tube. A database had been created with the existing experimental results of the composite columns and is employed for training, testing, and validation of the model. A set of composite columns were selected from the real-time experimental study and the ultimate axial load of the columns was determined and validated against the developed model. A user-friendly graphical user interface is created from the proposed model which can help the researchers for anticipating the ultimate axial load of the circular composite columns easily and efficiently.
Effectiveness of conjunctival-limbal autograft with marginal Tenon’s layer excision in pterygium treatment: non-randomized comparative study
Authors: Çiftçi Süleyman
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To unveil the success rate of conjunctival-limbal autograft with marginal Tenon’s layer excision (CLAG-MTE) on pterygium recurrence rate.
Materials and Methods: This study is an interventional non-randomized, non-equivalent control group design. Data of 40 patients in CLAG group and 38 patients in CLAG-MTE group retrospectively reviewed. Patients of the both series were selected from whose surgeries were performed from February 2008 to January 2015. The recurrence rate of conjunctival-limbal autograft (CLAG) and CLAG-MTE was compared. And also, the limbal-conjunctival series of some studies which reported a high success rate on recurrence rate and Hirst's preliminary series were included in this comparison.
Results: The recurrence rate was 5.1% (4 eyes) in the CLAG group and 0% in the CLAG-MTE group. The mean follow-up period was 21.1±5.6 months in the CLAG group and 22.6±6.8 in the CLAG-MTE group. In Fisher's Exact Test, the difference in recurrence rate between the CLAG and the CLAG-MTE groups was not statistically significant.
When all the series were compared by One-way ANOVA in respect to recurrence rate, significant differences were found between a number of them. CLAG series, still, were found successful like CLAG-MTE series. However, when they were compared with Hirst’s and Al Fayez’s series, CLAG-MTE series were found to be more successful than CLAG series. Also, in the means of plot analysis, the CLAG-MTE series were showing the lowest plot while the CLAG and Güler’s series were showing the highest plot. The other series -especially the Hirst’s- ranked in between.
Conclusions: CLAG-MTE is the most effective in preventing recurrence among the techniques which were compared in this study. Moreover, it is relatively easy and less invasive in comparison to Hirst's technique.

Synopsis
The CLAG-MTE is a successful technique. Besides, Tenon’s capsule pulleys are not touched and it is done far from semilunar fold. So, the surgery involves only the ocular surface.
Awake craniotomy for high-grade gliomas – a prospective cohort study in a UK tertiary- centre
Authors: Ramakrishnan Piravin Kumar , Saeed Fozia , Thomson Simon , Corns Robert , Mathew Ryan K. , Sivakumar Gnanamurthy
Published: March 2023

Background:
Awake craniotomy (AC) is preferred for maximising extent of resection (EOR) in high-grade glioma (HGG) in eloquent regions without worsening neurological function. Studies from the UK reporting on AC include a heterogenous group of patients which limit the evaluation of the true impact of AC in HGG patients. This study aims to report solely the experience and outcomes of AC for HGG surgery from our centre.
Methods:
A prospective review of all patients who underwent AC for HGG from 2013–2019 were performed. Data on patient characteristics including but not limited to demographics, pre- and post-operative Karnofsky performance status (KPS), tumour location and volume, type of surgery, EOR, tumour histopathology, intra- and post-operative complications, morbidity, mortality, disease recurrence, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) from the time of surgery were collected.
Results:
Fifteen patients (6 males;9 females;17 surgeries) underwent AC for HGG (median age:55; range:26–73 years). Two patients underwent repeat surgeries due to disease recurrence. Median pre- and post-operative KPS score was 90 (range:80–100) and 90 (range:60–100), respectively. The EOR ranges from 60–100% with a minimum of 80% achieved in 81.3% cases. There were 15 cases of glioblastoma IDH-wildtype, CNS WHO Grade 4, 1 case of oligodendroglioma IDH-mutant 1p/19-codeleted, CNS WHO grade 3, and 1 case of Astrocytoma IDH-mutant, CNS WHO grade 3. Post-operative complications include focal seizures (17.6%), transient aphasia/dysphasia (17.6%), permanent motor deficit (11.8%), transient motor deficit (5.9%) and transient sensory disturbance(5.9%). There were no surgery-related mortality or post-operative infection. The median PFS and OS were 13 (95%CI 5–78) and 30 (95%CI 21–78) months, respectively.
Conclusion:
This is the first study in the UK to solely report outcomes of AC for HGG surgery. Our data demonstrates that AC for HGG in eloquent region is safe and feasible and provides comparable outcomes to those reported in the literature.
Assessment of Arsenic (As)-Induced Hepato-Nephro alterations, enzymatic inhibition and Neurobehavioral instability in Charles foster rats
Authors: Shankar Prabhat , Singh Rana Vikram , Srivast Abhinav , Kumar Arun
Published: March 2023

The extremely hazardous trace metal arsenic is ubiquitous in the Earth’s crust contaminating groundwater globally. The present study was conducted to evaluate the arsenic-induced hepato-nephro alterations, enzymatic inhibition and neurobehavioral instability and in Charles foster rats. Rats were divided into four groups (n = 6; each) weighing with 160 ± 20 g. The group I (control) received arsenic free distilled water and remaining three treatment group (group II − 5 mg kg− 1 body weight, group III; 8mg kg− 1 body weight and group IV; 12mg kg− 1 body weight) were treated with Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) in combination with distilled water for 90 days. This experimental exposure reveals severe haematological, biochemical and histopathological changes along with neuro-behavioural disorders. The presence of arsenic in blood were analysed through Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (GF-AAS). Compare to control group the analysed level of arsenic is too high in blood. The saviour significantly (P < 0.0001) changes were observed in haematological and hepato-nephro biochemical parameters. In observational view the behavioural infirmities, weight loss, hair loss, keratosis and the limb paralysis seen. The study concludes that regular exposure of arsenic significantly alters the levels of antioxidants (ROS) and leads to severe cellular alteration in hepato-nephro region compare to control group.
Simulation study on response characteristics of water rich fracture zone in metal mine monitored by resistivity method
Authors: Yao Xiwen , Zhao Zexi , Xu Kaili , Xu Xiaohu , Chen Mao
Published: March 2023

Water inrush accidents in metal mines are prone to occur during the construction and production process of mines, which can cause serious casualties and property losses. The prevention of accidents in metal mines is closely related to geophysics. In order to solve the problem of accurately monitoring water permeability, the resistivity method was proposed to effectively monitor water rich fault zones in metal mines. The typical metal mine and water rich fracture zone model are simulated by ANSYS. The calculated resistance data are processed by inversion image processing and compared with the original model; The inversion image clearly shows the abnormal area of the water fracture zone and the location is relatively accurate, which verifies the reliability of the numerical simulation method and the resistivity theory. At the same time, the response characteristics of water rich fracture zone of metal ore under different water content and different development distance are studied by using numerical simulation method. The results show that the resistivity measured by electrical method decreases with the increase of water content in the water rich fracture zone, and the resolution of low resistivity anomaly is strong. When the measuring node of high-density electrical method is inside the water rich fracture zone, the resistivity change curve tends to be a straight line; When the measuring node of high-density electrical method is not near the water rich fracture zone, the resistivity change line tends to curve. In addition, with the expansion and development of the water rich fracture zone, the electrical resistance at the measuring node decreases; When the water rich fracture zone is about to develop and reach the measuring node, the measured resistance value has an abnormal mutation. This paper reveals the characteristics of resistivity and pervious precursor response through numerical tests, and clarifies that resistivity decline and abnormal mutation are important pervious precursor information, which has important reference significance for the monitoring and prediction of pervious disasters in practical projects.
Current status of artificial intelligence in cancer management: emerging trends, limitations and future outlook
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Wani Shahid Ud Din , Khan Abdul Arif , Dey Tathagata , Salahuddin Md
Published: March 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been abetted in the progression of health care research including cancer research. Simultaneously, in this review, we anticipate the future outlook of AI. AI can adjust the usage of anticancer drugs and also can estimate the tolerance of anticancer drugs, thus improving cancer chemotherapy. AI can assist physicians to make accurate decisions for treatment, and decrease unnecessary surgeries, moreover AI aid oncologists to progress the strategies for cancer patient's treatment. NCI suggests that AI, Machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL) all can be used to progress cancer care as well as patient outcomes. In cancer management, AI can progress the precision and rapid diagnosis, help in making a clinical decision, and also lead to better health outcomes. AI technologies i.e. ML can intensely enhance the current approach to anticancer drug research. We discuss cancer diagnostics in the oncology-associated area wherein clinically AI already has shown a huge effect. But currently recognized AI also has some limitations. In the current review, the progression of AI technology i.e. ML and DL in anticancer drug research, furthermore presents applications, limitations, and future directions in cancer. With the growing trend of the uses of AI in cancer research, ML has an important future in prognostication and decision-making.
PCSK7: a Novel Regulator of Apolipoprotein B and a Potential Target Against Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Seidah Nabil , Sachan Vatsal , Dévéhat Mailys Le , Roubtsova Anna , Essalmani Rachid , Garçon Damien , Susan-Resiga Delia , Duval Stéphanie , Mikaeeli Sahar , Hamelin Josée , Evagelidis Alexandra , Chong Michael , Pare Guillaume , Chernetsova Elizabeta , Gao Zu-hua , Robillard Isabelle , Ruiz Matthieu , Trinh Vincent Quoc-Huy , Estall Jennifer , Faraj May , Laurendeau Jean-Francois , Austin Richard , Sauvageau Martin , Prat Annik , Kiss Robert Scott
Published: March 2023

Epidemiological evidence links the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 7 (PCSK7) to triglyceride (TG) metabolism. PCSK7-SNPs gain-of-function and loss-of-function variants were associated with higher and lower levels of plasma apoB and TGs, respectively. Herein, we biochemically defined the in vivo role of PCSK7 in lipid metabolism using full-body Pcsk7-/- mice and hepatic cell lines. Non-enzymatically membrane-bound PCSK7 binds apoB100 in the endoplasmic reticulum and enhances its secretion. Mechanistically, the loss of PCSK7/Pcsk7 leads to apoB degradation, triggering an unfolded protein response, autophagy, and β-oxidation, eventually reducing hepatic lipid accumulation. We investigated whether Pcsk7-/- mice could better recover from a NAFLD-inducing 12-weeks high fat/fructose/cholesterol diet when followed by a 4-weeks regular diet. Livers of Pcsk7-/- mice more effectively and safely recovered than those of wild-type mice. These findings were validated following subcutaneous administration of hepatocyte-targeted N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNac)-antisense-oligonucleotides (ASOs) against Pcsk7, strongly supporting the therapeutic intervention of hepatocyte PCSK7 mRNA silencing for NAFLD treatment.
An analysis of codon utilization patterns in the chloroplast genomes of three species of Coffea
Authors: Li Yaqi , Hu Xiang , Xiao Mingkun , Huang Jiaxiong , Lou Yuqiang , Hu Faguang , Fu Xingfei , Li Yanan , He Hongyan , Cheng Jinhuan
Published: March 2023

Background
Chloroplast genome has the characteristic of small genome size and low rate of mutation and recombination, which has been used in plant phylogeny, molecular evolution, and pedigree geography, normally. Codon usage bias is an important evolutionary feature of organisms, plays a crucial role in the study of species evolution, gene function and foreign gene expression. Coffee is extremely important in the world's tropical agricultural economy, international trade and human daily life. Studying the codon usage bias of coffee genome is of great significance to guide the subsequent coffee research work, such as the selection of efficient heterologous expression system required for coffee genetic transformation.
Results
The findings demonstrated a high degree of utilization pattern commonality among the three coffee genome codons. The three types of coffee had identical base chemical compositions, high A/T content, low G/C content, and A/T ends were favored for codons in all three types of coffee. The three types of coffee contained 30 high frequency codons, 96.67% of which were codons with the A/T ending. The ideal codons totaled fourteen. Natural selection was the primary impacting force, as seen by the findings of the ENc-GC3s mapping, PR2 analysis, and neutral analysis, which revealed that the three coffee codon utilization patterns were driven by a variety of mechanisms. The most effective heterologous expression receptor for the three coffee genes was tobacco, which could be employed in Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana tabacum, Escherichia coli, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates how the three coffee genomes' codon use patterns are remarkably similar and primarily influenced by natural selection. Understanding the gene expression properties of coffee and investigating the laws governing its genetic evolution are made possible by the study on the preference of the three coffee codons. The study's findings can help foreign genes express themselves more effectively and serve as a foundation for future coffee evolution guidelines.
Preface
Authors: Lindgren Josefin , Tselekidou Freideriki , Gagarina Natalia
Published: March 2023

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The Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN): Adding Chuvash to MAIN
Authors: Dorbert Maria , Nikitina Alena
Published: March 2023

This paper describes the process of translating and adapting the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN) to Chuvash. Chuvash is one of the largest minority languages in the European part of Russia. The Chuvash MAIN not only extends the empirical coverage of MAIN by including the only extant member of the Oghur (Bulgar) branch of the Turkic language family, but also offers an important tool to assess the narrative abilities of Russian-Chuvash bilingual children in their first language.
The adaptation of MAIN to Maltese
Authors: Gatt Daniela , Borg Cutajar Raquel
Published: March 2023

This paper describes the process of adapting the Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives (MAIN) to Maltese. The language-learning context in Malta is introduced, followed by an overview of the main typological characteristics of Maltese. A detailed account of the adaptation process is then given. Theoretical and clinical applications of the Maltese adaptation of the MAIN are discussed and current research projects in which the Maltese adaptation is being employed are briefly described.