bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT DETEKSI KEBISINGAN PENGUNJUNG PERPUSTAKAN BERDASARKAN PARAMETER TEKANAN SUARA MENGGUNAKAN NODEMCU ESP8266
Authors: Heri Herianto , Khotimah Hasnor
Published: November 2021

Seorang pengunjung perpustakaan tentunya menginginkan suasana yang tenang tanpa kebisingan ketika berada di perpustakaan agar dapat berkonsentrasi ketika membaca buku. Akan tetapi, tidak semua pengunjung yang datang ke perpustakaan untuk membaca buku, ada pengunjung yang datang hanya ingin mengobrol, memakai wifi gratis atau lainya, sehingga mengganggu konsentrasi pengunjung lain yang datang untuk membaca buku. Maka dari itu, diperlukan adanya alat untuk mendeteksi tekanan suara atau bunyi berdasarkan tingkat suara dan bunyi yang dihasilkan pada sebuah perpusatkaan dengan berpatok pada batas tingkat kebisingan pada perpustakaan yaitu 45-55 dB(desible). Alat ini dirancang berbasis mikrokontroler dimana pengertian Mikrokontroler adalah sistem mikroprosesor lengkap yang terkandung di dalam sebuah chip mikrokontroler berbeda dari mikroprosesor serba guna yang digunakan dalam sebuah PC, karena sebuah mikrokontroler umumnya telah berisi komponen pendukung sistem minimal mikroprosesor, yakni memori dan pemrograman. Alat ini bisa membantu petugas dalam mengawasi ruangan perpustakaan dari suara bising yang bisa mengganggu konsentrasi dan kenyamanan pengunjung perpustakaan.
APLIKASI SISTEM PELAYANAN MASYARAKAT STUDI KASUS KECAMATAN PAYUNG SEKAKI
Authors: Irawan Yuda , Chandra Nico , Kurnia Fitri Hidayati
Published: November 2021

Kecamatan Payung Sekaki adalah salah satu wilayah yang berada di Pemerintahan Daerah Kota Pekanbaru, seperti layaknya kecamatan yang lain, Kecamatan Payung Sekaki memiliki tanggung jawab memberikan pelayanan administrasi kepada masyarakat yang berada diwilayah kerjanya. Selama ini pelayanan administrasi di kecamatan masih menggunakan proses semi manual (setiap surat di proses menggunakan computer, diketik dengan microsof office), hal ini dirasa sudah tidak bisa lagi dipakai pada masa sekarang, selain dikarenakan masa pandemic covid-19 yang mengharuskan minimal tatap muka juga pada masa ini masyrakat sudah menuntut suatu proses yang cepat dan tepat. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah merancang aplikasi yang dapat digunakan oleh warga masyarakat untuk dapat mengajukan pengurusan administrasi masyarakat tanpa lagi harus dating kekantor kecamatan maupun kelurahan. Hasil dari system ini dibuat dengan menggunakan pemrograman PHP dan DB Mysql, aplikasi ini akan dapat digunakan mulai dari tingkat warga hingga level camat di kecamatan.
PROTOTYPE JEMURAN OTOMATIS MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR RAINDROP DAN SENSOR LDR BERBASIS ARDUINO NANO
Authors: Muhardi Muhardi , Sari Winda , Irawan Yuda
Published: November 2021

Pada saat memasuki musim hujan banyak kegiatan masyarakat yang memanfaatkan panas matahari menjadi terganggu. Salah satunya yaitu menjemur pakaian. Hal ini menjadi masalah ketika pakaian yang dijemur menjadi basah. Berdasar kan permasalahan diatas dibuatlah Prototype Jemuran Otomatis Menggunakan Sensor Raindrop dan Sensor LDR Berbasis Arduino Nano. Dimana dapat membantu menyelamatkan kain jemuran keposisi yang tidak terkena hujan. Hal ini dapat menjadi suatu prototype yang dapat diterapkan di cantik laundry sehingga tidak perlu takut dan khawatir apabila jemuran pakaian ditinggal disaat melakukan pekerjaan yang lainnya. Prototype Jemuran Otomatis Menggunakan Sensor Raindrop dan Sensor LDR Berbasis Arduino Nano bisa masuk otomatis secara langsung dan bisa menyalakan kipas didalam ruangan apabila hujan turun. Kipas berfungsi untuk mengeringkan pakaian yang berada didalam ruangan agar pakaian tidak berbau. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, dibuatlah Prototype Jemuran Otomatis Menggunakan Sensor Raindrop dan Sensor LDR Berbasis Arduino Nano. Dengan memanfaatkan sensor Raindrop dan sensor LDR. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah jemuran dapat masuk ke dalam ruangan saat sensor Raindrop dan Sensor LDR mendeteksi hari sudah gelap atau saat hujan turun.
Business Expansion Efforts Through Empowering Business Groups With Lee Min Book
Authors: Devi Heidy Paramitha , Nurhayati Puji , Novita Hapsari Endras Ayu , Fauziah Mutiatun Nur , Violita Cindy , Ayera Anisa
Published: November 2021

The implementation of this Community Service is an effort to develop the Family Welfare Development Group Business in Cileng Village, Poncol District, Magetan Regency to be able to increase product competitiveness through improved business management and business legality. The main problems of partners are: 1) the production of handicrafts in the form of plastic glass lip recycling bags still using the made by order system, 2) from the financial side there is no good record, the capital used still comes from the group cash, 3) limited marketing only in the surrounding community. In line with the problems faced by these partners, efforts that can be made are assistance in business development starting from marketing, business legality and bookkeeping. The methods used by the team are socialization, training and mentoring. The results of the Community Service Program are: 1) The Group Business has a Business Permit Number which means that with this legality it will make it easier for partners to get capital, increase public confidence in the products produced, 2) There is an increase in the knowledge and skills of partners in recording daily finances simply , making it easier for partners to evaluate production activities, evaluate income and expenditure, 3) Availability of product logos and fan pages, of course this will increase the selling value of partner products and expand the target market.
Empowerment of Integrated Health Post Cadres through Fish Nugget Processing to Prevent Anemia in Pregnant Women
Authors: Azza Awatiful , Wardhana Danu Indra
Published: November 2021

Fish is a source of nutrition that is cheap and easy to get, especially in Jember Regency. One of the health problems experienced by teenage girls and pregnant women is anemia. Anemia can be prevented by consuming adequate and diverse nutrients. However, the society at Darungan Dusun (Dusun is lower than the village in Indonesia's administrational hierarchy) did not know how to make exciting and not boring processed food. Fish nugget is creations from tuna or catfish to increase fish consumption coverage in society. This activity was carried out in the Integrated Health Post at Darungan Dusun  Kemuning Lor Village, Jember Regency. There were fourteen of the integrated health post cadres and pregnant women who participated in this activity. Community service methods used demonstrations and counseling. The counseling and demonstration of fish nugget processing improve knowledge in Integrated Health Post cadres and pregnant women. Furthermore, it can prevent anemia in pregnant women. There should be support and participation from the local government for the sustainability of this activity.
Estudio de la Catálisis Heterogénea con Disulfuro de Hierro (II) como Tratamiento de Emisiones Gaseosas Contaminadas con Tolueno Producidas en la Industria de Pintura
Authors: Cabrera Marcelo , Montenegro Lucía , Mejía Stephanie
Published: November 2021

Esta investigación pretende desarrollar una alternativa para el tratamiento de las emisiones gaseosas contaminadas con tolueno producidas en la industria de pinturas, de modo que se minimice el riesgo de afectación a la salud de trabajadores y personas aledañas que mantienen contacto con dichas emisiones. Para simular el caudal del aire contaminado, se desarrolló a nivel de laboratorio un prototipo de un sistema fundamentado en el proceso de evaporación, a través del cual se obtuvo una concentración de tolueno igual a 108 partes por millón (ppm) en la corriente de aire. Consecutivamente, se diseñó y desarrolló un sistema para tratar la corriente, compuesto por el agente oxidante peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2) y el catalizador disulfuro de hierro II (FeS2). En una primera etapa, se estudió la eficacia del H2O2 como agente de tratamiento obteniéndose que a un flujo de 2 mL/min, se degrada el 10,1 % del tolueno presente en la emisión contaminada, mientras que a un flujo de 3 mL/min, se degrada el 10,5 %. A continuación, se trabajó con diferentes cantidades de disulfuro de hierro II en una concentración igual al 86 %. Se determinó que 10 g de FeS2 degradan al tolueno en un 36,25 %, mientras que 20 gramos un 61,09% y 30 g un 70,39 %. Finalmente, se concluyó que la concentración de tolueno en el aire disminuye hasta 32 ppm, cuando se trabaja bajo las mejores condiciones determinadas de 2 mL/min de H2O2 y 30 g de FeS2.
A STRATEGY TO PROMOTE THE COMPETITIVENESS OF MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (MSME) DURING THE CONDITION OF COVID 19 PANDEMICS
Authors: Rahmadani Rahmadani , Jefriyanto Jefriyanto
Published: November 2021

The research is aimed to review competitiveness strategies of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSME) during the pandemic of Covid 19 to the MSME creative industries of Kp. Pelintahan notably. This research used primary and secondary data and used a descriptive qualitative approach for criticism to analyze the latest problems of MSME creative industries in this pandemic of Covid 19, which used semi-structured interviews, participative observation, and questionnaires for data accumulation technic. Then used AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method and continued with SWOT analysis to formulate a strategy for solving it. The respondence of this research is about ten employees of MSME creative industries Kp. Pelintahan. The result of SWOT analysis is about 0,49 for IFAS and -1,54 for EFAS. Based on SWOT Matrix, the MSME Creative Industries position in Kp. Pelintahan is on 2nd Quadran for rating, which MSME Creative Industries employees of Kp. Pelintahan can take advantage of even a little strength to minimize a terrifying threat. The primary strategy is the Diversification Strategy with their salespeople to market their products MSME Creative Industries Kp. Pelintahan, which the market is reached out of Sumatera except for Lampung.
PUBLIC GOVERNANCE DAN KORUPSI: BUKTI PENGUJIAN DARI INDONESIA MENGGUNAKAN PERSPEKTIF TEORI KEAGENAN
Authors: Maria Evi , Halim Abdul
Published: November 2021

This article explores public governance impact on the corruption’s probability in Indonesian local government practices. The research employs data of Indonesian local governments in 2012. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. The study results found that good public governance has a negative effect on corruptio’s probability. The results of this research conclude that the greater public governance index, the less the local government’s engagement in corruption. The results are rugged when area type is added as control variable. Area type do not affect the corruption’s probability in Indonesian local governments. This study found good public governance decreases the asymmetry of information between agents and principals, so that the opportunity to commit corruption are reduced. Improvement of public governance can be done by implementing e-Government to supervise the implementation of government activities and public services in local government, Indonesia.
The Super-Connectivity of the Double Vertex Graph of Complete Bipartite Graphs
Authors: BORUZANLI EKİNCİ Gülnaz
Published: November 2021

Let $ G=(V,E) $ be a graph. The double vertex graph $F_2(G)$ of $ G $ is the graph whose vertex set consists of all $ 2 $-subsets of $ V(G) $ such that two vertices are adjacent in $ F_2(G) $ if their symmetric difference is a pair of adjacent vertices in $ G $. The super--connectivity of a connected graph is the minimum number of vertices whose removal results in a disconnected graph without an isolated vertex. In this paper, we determine the super--connectivity of the double vertex graph of the complete bipartite graph $ K_{m,n} $ for $ m\geq 4 $ where $ n\geq m+2 $.
Pollution from Hazardous Landfill Sites
Authors: Please Colin , Elmahdi Reem Omer Mohammed , Kirsten Gerhard
Published: November 2021

Data has been collected by residents in a neighbourhood of Durban concerning noxious odours and health issues. This report examines how this data might be used to identify possible sources of the reported smells and their level of emission. The approach is to exploit a well-known simple mathematical model of dispersion of chemicals and use this to look at the inverse problem of identifying possible sources. Two of the complicating issues are that, unlike most previous work, i) the recorded data is subjective, indicating only that a smell was detected with no indication of concentration, and ii) there are large amounts of missing data, both due to no reporting of low concentrations and not always reporting high levels. This makes the inverse problem slightly non-standard.
PROPOSTAS DIDÁTICAS PARA O ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA: os conteúdos sobre Atmosfera em perspectiva
Authors: Cano Fernando
Published: November 2021

A presente pesquisa objetivou desenvolver quatro sequências didáticas sobre o conteúdo Atmosfera para o ensino de geografia. As sequências didáticas foram capazes de propiciar ações para tornar mais significativa a aprendizagem dos alunos, sendo elas constituídas pelo arcabouço teórico-científico do educador, sua tomada de decisão em relação às estratégias metodológicas e a participação dos alunos em sala de aula. Na maioria das vezes, as formas tradicionais de ensino fazem com que os alunos não consigam superar seus obstáculos ou dificuldades específicas de aprendizagem, tornando o ensino engessado. Para o desenvolvimento das sequências didáticas da presente pesquisa foram utilizadas diferentes estratégias metodológicas, tais como: a exposição de imagens, jogo, mapa conceitual, música e vídeo. No que tange à temática abordada, o conteúdo de Atmosfera é propício à disseminação de imagens e diferentes recursos audiovisuais, facilitando o desenvolvimento das práticas criativas. Porém, os livros didáticos continuam reproduzindo formas tradicionais de ensino, dificultando a construção de uma nova forma de aprendizagem. A importância do estudo da Atmosfera na geografia escolar é orientar os alunos quanto aos fenômenos hodiernos, além de entender como ela se constitui e como ela pode alterar nosso cotidiano. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário destacar que a paisagem, o lugar e o espaço geográfico são os conceitos geográficos estruturantes da análise da atmosfera terrestre. Como demonstrado na presente pesquisa, a utilização de estratégias metodológicas alternativas é fonte motivadora para os alunos aprenderem e suprirem possíveis dificuldades, uma vez que aos alunos são apresentadas novas formas de estudo, bem como transmissão do conhecimento. É importante que o educador tenha a capacidade de planejar diferentes estratégias e diversificá-las quando se trata de ensino-aprendizagem dentro do âmbito da geografia escolar.
RESENHA DE LIVRO: CORONAVÍRUS E A LUTA DE CLASSE
Authors: Santos Felipe , Rodrigues Jovenildo
Published: November 2021

Livro resenhado: DAVIS, Mike, et al. Coronavírus e a luta de classe. Terra Sem Amos: Brasil, 2020.
A Multivariate Polynomial Regression to Reconstruct Ground Contact and Flight Times Based on a Sine Wave Model for Vertical Ground Reaction Force and Measured Effective Timings
Authors: Patoz Aurélien , Lussiana Thibault , Breine Bastiaan , Gindre Cyrille , Malatesta Davide
Published: November 2021

Effective contact (tce) and flight (tfe) times, instead of ground contact (tc) and flight (tf) times, are usually collected outside the laboratory using inertial sensors. Unfortunately, tce and tfe cannot be related to tc and tf because the exact shape of vertical ground reaction force is unknown. However, using a sine wave approximation for vertical force, tce and tc as well as tfe and tf could be related. Indeed, under this approximation, a transcendental equation was obtained and solved numerically over a tce x tfe grid. Then, a multivariate polynomial regression was applied to the numerical outcome. In order to reach a root-mean-square error of 0.5 ms, the final model was given by an eighth-order polynomial. As a direct application, this model was applied to experimentally measured tce values. Then, reconstructed tc (using the model) was compared to corresponding experimental ground truth. A systematic bias of 35 ms was depicted, demonstrating that ground truth tc values were larger than reconstructed ones. Nonetheless, error in the reconstruction of tc from tce was coming from the sine wave approximation, while the polynomial regression did not introduce further error. The presented model could be added to algorithms within sports watches to provide robust estimations of tc and tf in real time, which would allow coaches and practitioners to better evaluate running performance and to prevent running-related injuries.
Engineering Sphingobium sp. to Accumulate Various Carotenoids Using Agro-Industrial Byproducts
Authors: Liu Mengmeng , Yang Yang , Li Li , Ma Yan , Huang Junchao , Ye Jingrun
Published: November 2021

Carotenoids represent the most abundant lipid-soluble phytochemicals that have been shown to exhibit benefits for nutrition and health. The production of natural carotenoids is not yet cost effective to compete with chemically synthetic ones. Therefore, the demand for natural carotenoids and improved efficiency of carotenoid biosynthesis has driven the investigation of metabolic engineering of native carotenoid producers. In this study, a new Sphingobium sp. was isolated, and it was found that it could use a variety of agro-industrial byproducts like soybean meal, okara, and corn steep liquor to accumulate large amounts of nostoxanthin. Then we tailored it into three mutated strains that instead specifically accumulated ∼5 mg/g of CDW of phytoene, lycopene, and zeaxanthin due to the loss-of-function of the specific enzyme. A high-efficiency targeted engineering carotenoid synthesis platform was constructed in Escherichia coli for identifying the functional roles of candidate genes of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in Sphingobium sp. To further prolong the metabolic pathway, we engineered the Sphingobium sp. to produce high-titer astaxanthin (10 mg/g of DCW) through balance in the key enzymes β-carotene ketolase (BKT) and β-carotene hydroxylase (CHY). Our study provided more biosynthesis components for bioengineering of carotenoids and highlights the potential of the industrially important bacterium for production of various natural carotenoids.
Virulent Bacteria as Inflammatory and Immune Co-Factor in Colon Carcinogenesis: Evidence From Two Monozygotic Patients and Validation in CRC Patient and Healthy Cohorts
Authors: Sobhani Iradj , Bergsten Emma , Charpy Cecile , Chamaillard Mathias , Mestivier Denis
Published: November 2021

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common disease, the incidence of which is increasing according to Western lifestyle; it remains to have a poor prognosis. Western nutriments are presumed to induce mild inflammation within the colonic mucosa, resulting in the accumulation of DNA alterations in colonocytes through a multistage carcinogenesis process. This suggests that most CRCs are related to the environment. Of interest, fecal microbiota composition has been shown yielding a novel approach regarding how environment changes may impact health and disease. Here, we compare whole shotgun metagenomic gut microbiota of two monozygotic twin sisters, one of whom is suffering from an advance colorectal tumor with a profound disequilibrium of the composition of the gut microbiota due to the overexpression of virulent bacteria such as E. coli, Shigella, and Clostridium species in the colon cancer patient’s feces contrasting with low levels of bacterial species such as Faecalibacterium and Akkermansia usually enriched in the healthy adults’ microbial flora. The disequilibrium in microbiota of the CRC patient’s feces as compared to her monozygotic twin sister is linked to inflammatory and immune cell infiltrates in the patient’s colonic tissue. We speculate on the role of microbiota disequilibrium on the immune-tolerant cell infiltrate within CRCs.
Ablation Patterns of the Debris Covered Tongue of Halong Glacier Revealed by Short Term Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Surveys
Authors: Guo Wanqin , Guo Xiaojun , Liu Yushuo , Li Jing , Shangguan Donghui , Chen Liqun , Ga Jin
Published: November 2021

Debris-covered glaciers are an important glacier type and have attracted more and more attention. This study presents the results of ablation patterns of debris-covered tongue of the Halong Glacier in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau, by using two repeated unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys performed on August 11 and September 15, 2019. The results show that the tongue of Halong Glacier has experienced strong ablation during the surveyed period, with an overall ice loss amount to 4.17 × 105 metric tons. Among all the briefly classified surface types, supraglacial debris has the largest area (80.9%) and also mass losses (58.6%) comparing to others. However, ice cliffs show the strongest and the most significant ablation rates (averagely 1.36 and 1.22 m w.e. for supraglacial and lateral ice cliffs, respectively), followed by clean ice regions (1.01 m w.e.). The backwastes of ice cliffs also resulted in up to 7.8 m horizontal back-off at different parts of Halong Glacier, lead to fast terminal retreat and narrowing down of the glacier tongue, and may result in the break off of Halong Glacier tongue into separated parts in the future. The surface ablation rates show a clear negative exponential relationship with the measured debris thicknesses, well in accordance with previous studies. Regions in cutting and flushing by supraglacial and lateral rivers have the largest surface elevation decreases but are not significant due to their limited area and the relatively lower quality of UAV digital surface models (DSMs) in those covered regions.
Levothyroxine Treatment and the Risk of Cardiac Arrhythmias – Focus on the Patient Submitted to Thyroid Surgery
Authors: Gluvic Zoran , Obradovic Milan , Stewart Alan J. , Essack Magbubah , Pitt Samantha J. , Samardzic Vladimir , Soskic Sanja , Gojobori Takashi , Isenovic Esma R.
Published: November 2021

Levothyroxine (LT4) is used to treat frequently encountered endocrinopathies such as thyroid diseases. It is regularly used in clinical (overt) hypothyroidism cases and subclinical (latent) hypothyroidism cases in the last decade. Suppressive LT4 therapy is also part of the medical regimen used to manage thyroid malignancies after a thyroidectomy. LT4 treatment possesses dual effects: substituting new-onset thyroid hormone deficiency and suppressing the local and distant malignancy spreading in cancer. It is the practice to administer LT4 in less-than-high suppressive doses for growth control of thyroid nodules and goiter, even in patients with preserved thyroid function. Despite its approved safety for clinical use, LT4 can sometimes induce side-effects, more often recorded with patients under treatment with LT4 suppressive doses than in unintentionally LT4-overdosed patients. Cardiac arrhythmias and the deterioration of osteoporosis are the most frequently documented side-effects of LT4 therapy. It also lowers the threshold for the onset or aggravation of cardiac arrhythmias for patients with pre-existing heart diseases. To improve the quality of life in LT4-substituted patients, clinicians often prescribe higher doses of LT4 to reach low normal TSH levels to achieve cellular euthyroidism. In such circumstances, the risk of cardiac arrhythmias, particularly atrial fibrillation, increases, and the combined use of LT4 and triiodothyronine further complicates such risk. This review summarizes the relevant available data related to LT4 suppressive treatment and the associated risk of cardiac arrhythmia.
The Perceptual and Cognitive Processes That Govern Egg Rejection in Hosts of Avian Brood Parasites
Authors: Hanley Daniel , Rutledge Samantha L. , Villa Juliana
Published: November 2021

Hosts of avian brood parasites are under intense selective pressure to prevent or reduce the cost of parasitism. Many have evolved refined egg discrimination abilities, which can select for eggshell mimicry in their parasite. A classic assumption underlying these coevolutionary dynamics is that host egg recognition depends on the perceivable difference between their own eggs and those of their parasite. Over the past two decades, the receptor noise-limited (RNL) model has contributed to our understanding of these coevolutionary interactions by providing researchers a method to predict a host’s ability to discriminate a parasite’s egg from its own. Recent research has shown that some hosts are more likely to reject brown eggs than blue eggs, regardless of the perceived differences to their own. Such responses suggest that host egg recognition may be due to perceptual or cognitive processes not currently predictable by the RNL model. In this perspective, we discuss the potential value of using the RNL model as a null model to explore alternative perceptual processes and higher-order cognitive processes that could explain how and why some hosts make seemingly counter-intuitive decisions. Further, we outline experiments that should be fruitful for determining the perceptual and cognitive processing used by hosts for egg recognition tasks.
Pegylated Interferon Treatment for the Effective Clearance of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen in Inactive HBsAg Carriers: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Song Aixin , Lin Xiao , Lu Junfeng , Ren Shan , Cao Zhenhuan , Zheng Sujun , Hu Zhongjie , Li Hong , Shen Chengli , Chen Xinyue
Published: November 2021

Background

Expanding antiviral therapy to benefit more populations and optimizing treatment to improve prognoses are two main objectives in current guidelines on antiviral therapy. However, the guidelines do not recommend antiviral therapy for inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers (IHCs). Recent studies have shown that antiviral therapy is effective with good treatment outcomes in IHC populations. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of HBsAg clearance and conversion in IHCs.

Methods

We searched PubMed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science to retrieve articles on HBsAg clearance in IHCs published between January 2000 and August 2021. Data were collected and analysed using the random-effects model for meta-analysis.

Results

A total of 1029 IHCs from 11 studies were included in this analysis. The overall HBsAg clearance rate was 47% (95% confidence interval (CI): 31% - 64%), with a conversion rate of 26% (95% CI: 15% - 38%) after 48 weeks of Pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) treatment. In the control group (including nucleos(t)ide analogue (NA) treatment or no treatment), the overall HBsAg clearance rate was only 1.54% (95% CI: 0.56% - 3.00%), which was markedly lower than that in the Peg-IFN group. Further analysis showed that a low baseline HBsAg level and long treatment duration contributed to a higher HBsAg clearance rate.

Conclusion

This study showed that treatment of IHCs can be considered to achieve a clinical cure for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. After Peg-IFN treatment, the HBsAg clearance rate was 47%, and the conversion rate was 26%, which are markedly higher than those reported by previous studies on Peg-IFN treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). A low baseline HBsAg level and long treatment duration were associated with HBsAg clearance in IHCs. Therefore, antiviral therapy is applicable for IHCs, a population who may be clinically cured.

Systematic Review Registration

http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, CRD): CRD42021259889.
Case Report: The First Reported Case of Bullous Lichen Planus-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Overlap Syndrome
Authors: Liu Yi , Liang Xuelei , Wu Haixuan , Zhuo Fenglin
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Lichen planus/lupus erythematosus overlap syndrome is rarely seen in the clinic and has the characteristic clinical manifestations, histopathology, and immunopathology of lichen planus (LP) and lupus erythematosus (LE). This is the first reported case of bullous lichen planus (BLP)/systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) overlap syndrome with hair loss as the first symptom.

Case Presentation: A 48-year-old female presented with alopecia for half a year, and skin lesions accompanied by itching on her face, trunk, and limbs for 3 months. She had a history suggestive of photosensitivity. Laboratory tests and histopathology were performed for diagnosis. Histopathologic features of the upper arm and back of the hand were consistent with BLP, whereas the scalp lesion indicated LE. Laboratory examination indicated positive for antinuclear antibody (ANA) (1:160), leukopenia, increased urinary protein, decreased C3/C4, and normal BP180. The patient was given glucocorticoid combined with acitretin and immunosuppressive therapy after a definite diagnosis of BLP/SLE overlap syndrome. The lesions of the patient disappeared and some hair had regrown during the two years of follow-up.

Conclusion: This is the first reported case of BLP/SLE overlap syndrome which responded well to glucocorticoids, retinoids, and immunosuppressive drugs. Multiple biopsies from characteristic lesions will guide doctors to avoid misdiagnoses and delayed treatment.
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Subtype 1: Potential Role in Infection, Susceptibility, Symptoms and Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Liviero Filippo , Campisi Manuela , Mason Paola , Pavanello Sofia
Published: November 2021

The battle against the new coronavirus that continues to kill millions of people will be still long. Novel strategies are demanded to control infection, mitigate symptoms and treatment of COVID-19. This is even more imperative given the long sequels that the disease has on the health of the infected. The discovery that S protein includes two ankyrin binding motifs (S-ARBMs) and that the transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV-1) cation channels contain these ankyrin repeat domains (TRPs-ARDs) suggest that TRPV-1, the most studied member of the TRPV channel family, can play a role in binding SARS-CoV-2. This hypothesis is strengthened by studies showing that other respiratory viruses bind the TRPV-1 on sensory nerves and epithelial cells in the airways. Furthermore, the pathophysiology in COVID-19 patients is similar to the effects generated by TRPV-1 stimulation. Lastly, treatment with agonists that down-regulate or inactivate TRPV-1 can have a beneficial action on impaired lung functions and clearance of infection. In this review, we explore the role of the TRPV-1 channel in the infection, susceptibility, pathogenesis, and treatment of COVID-19, with the aim of looking at novel strategies to control infection and mitigate symptoms, and trying to translate this knowledge into new preventive and therapeutic interventions.
Maternal Separation Modifies the Activity of Social Processing Brain Nuclei Upon Social Novelty Exposure
Authors: Mejía-Chávez Sara , Venebra-Muñoz Arturo , García-García Fabio , Corona-Morales Aleph Alejandro , Orozco-Vargas Arturo Enrique
Published: November 2021

Maternal separation has been shown to disrupt proper brain development and maturation, having profound consequences on the neuroendocrine systems in charge of the stress response, and has been shown to induce behavioral and cognitive abnormalities. At the behavioral level, maternal separation has been shown to increase offensive play-fighting in juvenile individuals and reduce social interest in adulthood. Since most of the studies that have evaluated the consequences of maternal separation on social behavior have focused on behavioral analysis, there is a need for a further understanding of the neuronal mechanisms underlying the changes in social behavior induced by maternal separation. Therefore, the aim of the present research was to assess the long-term effects of maternal separation on social interaction behavior and to assess the activity of several brain regions involved in the processing of social cues and reward upon social novelty exposure, using c-Fos immunohistochemistry as a marker of neuronal activity. Male Wistar rats were subjected to 4 h maternal separation during the neonatal period, 9:00 h–13:00 h from postnatal day 1 to 21, and exposed to social novelty during adulthood. After social novelty exposure, brains were fixed and coronal sections of the medial amygdala, lateral septum (LS), paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, nucleus accumbens, and medial prefrontal cortex were obtained for c-Fos immunohistochemistry. Maternally separated rats spent less time investigating the novel peer, suggesting that maternal separation reduces social approach motivation. Furthermore, maternal separation reduced the number of c-Fos positive cells of the medial amygdala, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, LS, nucleus accumbens, and medial prefrontal cortex upon social novelty exposure. These findings suggest that maternal separation can reduce the plastic capacity of several brain nuclei, which constitute a physiological basis for the emergence of behavioral disorders presented later in life reported to be linked to early life adversity.
Transcriptional Correlates of Chronic Alcohol Neuroadaptation in Drosophila Larvae
Authors: Anqueira-González Amanda , Acevedo-Gonzalez Jenny P. , Montes-Mercado Airined , Irizarry-Hernández Claudia , Fuenzalida-Uribe Nicolás L. , Ghezzi Alfredo
Published: November 2021

When presented with the choice, Drosophila melanogaster females will often prefer to lay eggs on food containing a significant amount of alcohol. While, in some cases, this behavioral decision can provide a survival advantage to the developing larvae, it can also lead to developmental and cognitive problems. Alcohol consumption can affect executive functions, episodic memory, and other brain function capacities. However, in the fruit fly, the initial cognitive effects of alcohol consumption have been shown to reverse upon persistent exposure to alcohol. Using an olfactory conditioning assay where an odorant is implemented as a conditioned stimulus and paired with a heat shock as an unconditioned stimulus, a previous study has shown that when exposed to a short acute dose of alcohol, Drosophila larvae can no longer learn this association. Interestingly, upon prolonged chronic alcohol exposure, larvae seem to successfully avoid the conditioned stimulus just as well as control alcohol-naive larvae, suggestive of alcohol-induced neuroadaptations. However, the mechanisms by which Drosophila adapt to the presence of alcohol remains unknown. In this study, we explore the transcriptional correlates of neuroadaptation in Drosophila larvae exposed to chronic alcohol to understand the genetic and cellular components responsible for this adaptation. For this, we employed RNA sequencing technology to evaluate differences in gene expression in the brain of larvae chronically exposed to alcohol. Our results suggest that alcohol-induced neuroadaptations are modulated by a diverse array of synaptic genes within the larval brain through a series of epigenetic modulators.
Impact of Diabetes on Platelet Function in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Taking Dual Antiplatelet Therapy
Authors: Guo Yinping , Zhang Yi , Zhao Jing , Wu Lingshan , Yu Zhiyuan , He Dan , Huang Hao , Luo Xiang
Published: November 2021

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke and associated with platelet reactivity. We aim to evaluate the effect of DM on platelet function in acute ischemic stroke patients taking dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).

Methods: We consecutively included patients with acute ischemic stroke taking DAPT. Platelet function was assessed by thromboelastography and the arachidonic acid (AA) or adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet inhibition rate were used to confirmed the high-residual on-treatment platelet reactivity (HRPR) to aspirin or clopidogrel. We classified patients into DM and non-DM groups. The association between DM and platelet function was assessed and the confounding factors were adjusted by propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. The independent risk factors of HRPR were determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results: A total of 1,071 acute ischemic stroke patients, 712 in the non-DM group and 359 in the DM group, were included. Patients with DM had a significantly higher maximum amplitude (63.0 vs. 62.0 mm, P < 0.01), ADP-induced clot strength (34.6 vs. 30.3 mm, P < 0.01) and clopidogrel HRPR rate (22.6% vs. 17.3%, P = 0.038) than those without DM. Among 662 patients after PSM, the maximum amplitude (63.1 vs. 62.5 mm, P = 0.032), ADP-induced clot strength (34.6 vs. 29.3 mm, P < 0.01) and clopidogrel HRPR rate (23.0% vs. 15.7%, P = 0.018) is still higher in the DM group. DM was an independent factor of clopidogrel HRPR (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.03–2.07, P < 0.05).

Conclusions: In acute ischemic stroke patients taking DAPT, DM is associated with increased platelet reactivity and higher prevalence of clopidogrel HRPR.
Genistein, a Natural Isoflavone, Alleviates Seizure-Induced Respiratory Arrest in DBA/1 Mice
Authors: Guo Jialing , Min Daniel , Feng Hua-Jun
Published: November 2021

Objective: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a fatal event that ranks second in years of potential life lost among neurological disorders. Seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA) is the primary instigator leading to death in many SUDEP cases. However, there are currently no effective preventive strategies against S-IRA other than the seizure control. Therefore, it is critical to develop new avenues to prevent SUDEP by investigating the pharmacological interventions of S-IRA. In the present study, we examined the effect of genistein, an isoflavone found in various dietary vegetables, on the incidence of S-IRA in DBA/1 mice.

Methods: DBA/1 mice exhibited generalized seizures and S-IRA when subjected to acoustic stimulation. Genistein was intraperitoneally administered alone or in combination with an adrenoceptor antagonist and a serotonin (5-HT) receptor antagonist, respectively. The effects of drug treatments on S-IRA incidence and seizure behaviors were examined.

Results: The incidence of S-IRA in DBA/1 mice was significantly reduced 2 h after injection of genistein at 1–90 mg/kg as compared with that in the vehicle control. Genistein could block S-IRA without interfering with any component of seizures, especially at relatively lower dosages. The S-IRA-suppressing effect of genistein was reversed by an α2 adrenoceptor antagonist but was not altered by an α1 antagonist. The inhibitory effect of genistein on S-IRA was not affected by a 5-HT3 or 5-HT2A receptor antagonist.

Significance: Our data show that genistein reduces S-IRA incidence and can specifically block S-IRA in DBA/1 mice. Its suppressing effect on S-IRA is dependent on activating α2 adrenoceptors. Our study suggests that genistein, a dietary supplement, is potentially useful to prevent SUDEP in at-risk patients.
Confidence Modulates the Conformity Behavior of the Investors and Neural Responses of Social Influence in Crowdfunding
Authors: Zheng Jiehui , Hu Linfeng , Li Lu , Shen Qiang , Wang Lei
Published: November 2021

The decision about whether to invest can be affected by the choices or opinions of others known as a form of social influence. People make decisions with fluctuating confidence, which plays an important role in the decision process. However, it remains a fair amount of confusion regarding the effect of confidence on the social influence as well as the underlying neural mechanism. The current study applied a willingness-to-invest task with the event-related potentials method to examine the behavioral and neural manifestations of social influence and its interaction with confidence in the context of crowdfunding investment. The behavioral results demonstrate that the conformity tendency of the people increased when their willingness-to-invest deviated far from the group. Besides, when the people felt less confident about their initial judgment, they were more likely to follow the herd. In conjunction with the behavioral findings, the neural results of the social information processing indicate different susceptibilities to small and big conflicts between the own willingness of the people and the group, with small conflict evoked less negative feedback-related negativity (FRN) and more positive late positive potential (LPP). Moreover, confidence only modulated the later neural processing by eliciting larger LPP in the low confidence, implying more reliance on social information. These results corroborate previous findings regarding the conformity effect and its neural mechanism in investment decision and meanwhile extend the existing works of literature through providing behavioral and neural evidence to the effect of confidence on the social influence in the crowdfunding marketplace.
MET Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Regulates Lifespan Ultrasonic Vocalization and Vagal Motor Neuron Development
Authors: Kamitakahara Anna K. , Ali Marandi Ghoddousi Ramin , Lanjewar Alexandra L. , Magalong Valerie M. , Wu Hsiao-Huei , Levitt Pat
Published: November 2021

The intrinsic muscles of the larynx are innervated by the vagal motor nucleus ambiguus (nAmb), which provides direct motor control over vocal production in humans and rodents. Here, we demonstrate in mice using the Phox2bCre line, that conditional embryonic deletion of the gene encoding the MET receptor tyrosine kinase (MET) in the developing brainstem (cKO) results in highly penetrant, severe deficits in ultrasonic vocalization in early postnatal life. Major deficits and abnormal vocalization patterns persist into adulthood in more than 70% of mice, with the remaining recovering the ability to vocalize, reflecting heterogeneity in circuit restitution. We show that underlying the functional deficits, conditional deletion of Met results in a loss of approximately one-third of MET+ nAmb motor neurons, which begins as early as embryonic day 14.5. The loss of motor neurons is specific to the nAmb, as other brainstem motor and sensory nuclei are unaffected. In the recurrent laryngeal nerve, through which nAmb motor neurons project to innervate the larynx, there is a one-third loss of axons in cKO mice. Together, the data reveal a novel, heterogenous MET-dependence, for which MET differentially affects survival of a subset of nAmb motor neurons necessary for lifespan ultrasonic vocal capacity.
Transcriptome of the Krushinsky-Molodkina Audiogenic Rat Strain and Identification of Possible Audiogenic Epilepsy-Associated Genes
Authors: Chuvakova Lyubov N. , Funikov Sergei Yu , Rezvykh Alexander P. , Davletshin Artem I. , Evgen’ev Michael B. , Litvinova Svetlana A. , Fedotova Irina B. , Poletaeva Inga I. , Garbuz David G.
Published: November 2021

Audiogenic epilepsy (AE), inherent to several rodent strains is widely studied as a model of generalized convulsive epilepsy. The molecular mechanisms that determine the manifestation of AE are not well understood. In the present work, we compared transcriptomes from the corpora quadrigemina in the midbrain zone, which are crucial for AE development, to identify genes associated with the AE phenotype. Three rat strains without sound exposure were compared: Krushinsky-Molodkina (KM) strain (100% AE-prone); Wistar outbred rat strain (non-AE prone) and “0” strain (partially AE-prone), selected from F2 KM × Wistar hybrids for their lack of AE. The findings showed that the KM strain gene expression profile exhibited a number of characteristics that differed from those of the Wistar and “0” strain profiles. In particular, the KM rats showed increased expression of a number of genes involved in the positive regulation of the MAPK signaling cascade and genes involved in the positive regulation of apoptotic processes. Another characteristic of the KM strain which differed from that of the Wistar and “0” rats was a multi-fold increase in the expression level of the Ttr gene and a significant decrease in the expression of the Msh3 gene. Decreased expression of a number of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes and a few other genes was also identified in the KM strain. Our data confirm the complex multigenic nature of AE inheritance in rodents. A comparison with data obtained from other independently selected AE-prone rodent strains suggests some common causes for the formation of the audiogenic phenotype.
Non-Coding RNAs Associated With Radioresistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Aranza-Martínez Alberto , Sánchez-Pérez Julio , Brito-Elias Luis , López-Camarillo César , Cantú de León David , Pérez-Plasencia Carlos , López-Urrutia Eduardo
Published: November 2021

The resistance that Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive breast cancer subtype, develops against radiotherapy is a complex phenomenon involving several regulators of cell metabolism and gene expression; understanding it is the only way to overcome it. We focused this review on the contribution of the two leading classes of regulatory non-coding RNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), against ionizing radiation-based therapies. We found that these regulatory RNAs are mainly associated with DNA damage response, cell death, and cell cycle regulation, although they regulate other processes like cell signaling and metabolism. Several regulatory RNAs regulate multiple pathways simultaneously, such as miR-139-5p, the miR-15 family, and the lncRNA HOTAIR. On the other hand, proteins such as CHK1 and WEE1 are targeted by several regulatory RNAs simultaneously. Interestingly, the study of miRNA/lncRNA/mRNA regulation axes increases, opening new avenues for understanding radioresistance. Many of the miRNAs and lncRNAs that we reviewed here can be used as molecular markers or targeted by upcoming therapeutic options, undoubtedly contributing to a better prognosis for TNBC patients.
Is 18F-FDG PET/CT Beneficial for Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients With Low Proportion of ER Expression?
Authors: Liu Jiachen , Sun Runlu , Yin Yuping , Li Jingyan , Liu Xuming , Liu Sheng , Zhang Zhanlei , Hu Jieting , Wan Xiaoting , Zhang Hong
Published: November 2021

Objective

It is unclear whether the receptor status of breast malignancy or the proportion of receptors expression is useful in the interpretation of 18F-FDG PET/CT. This study’s purpose was to analyze whether 18F-FDG PET/CT was valuable for helping newly diagnosed breast cancer patients find suspected or unsuspected metastasis lesions based on the proportion of receptors expression.

Materials and Methods

Eighty newly diagnosed breast cancer patients were divided into six groups, containing N0 (no extraaxillary lymph node metastasis), N1 (extraaxillary lymph node metastasis), M0 (no distant metastasis), and M1 (distant metastasis) groups, C0 (no unsuspected metastasis), and C1 (unsuspected metastasis and treatment plan changed) detected by PET/CT. The main data, including the proportion of receptors ER (estrogen receptor), PR (progesterone receptor), and Her-2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) status, were extracted. Simple correlation and logistic regression were preformed to analyze the association between them.

Results

Patients in N1 group had lower proportion of ER (%) and PR (%) than that in N0 group (ER: 2 [0–80] vs. 80 [15–95]; PR: 1 [0–10] vs. 20 [0–45], p<0.001). Moreover, the proportions of ER and PR were negatively correlated with N1 (ER: [r= −0.339, p= 0.002], PR: [r= −0.247, p= 0.011]) by simple correlation. Also, patients in C1 group had lower proportion of ER (%) and PR (%) than those in C0 group (ER: 10 [0–85] vs. 80 [15–90], p=0.026; PR: 1 [0–10] vs. 20 [0–70], p=0.041), while the distribution of ER and PR between M1 and M0 group had no significant difference. After the adjustment of traditional factors, the negative correlation between the proportion of ER (OR=0.986, 95% CI of OR [0.972–0.999], p=0.016) and C1 was found by logistic regression, cutoff value was 25% (ER) calculated by ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve (AUC [Area Under Curve]= 0.647, p=0.024).

Conclusion

The proportion of ER in newly diagnosed breast cancer was negatively correlated with unsuspected metastasis detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT. 18F-FDG PET/CT might be recommended for newly diagnosed breast cancer patients with single lesions when the ER expression proportion is less than 25% to find unsuspected metastasis lesions and to modify treatment plan contrasted with conventional imaging and clinical examination.