bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AVALIAÇÃO DO ÍNDICE DE ESTADO TRÓFICO NO LAGO DOS TIGRES, BRITÂNIA, GOIÁS
Authors: D'Alessandro Emmanuel , Nogueira Ina
Published: December 2018

O Lago dos Tigres é um ambiente raso pertencente a uma região rural cujos estudos sobre os níveis de trofia são precários. O objetivo foi analisar o Índice de Estado Trófico nos períodos de seca e de chuva e averiguar a importância da diminuição da profundidade neste lago. As amostras foram coletadas em 11 estações (lóticas e lênticas) em áreas preservadas, agricultáveis e urbanizadas. As variáveis limnológicas foram estudadas (análises de correlação, de componentes principais-ACP e de regressão linear). O ambiente apresentou-se com redução de 53% da profundidade, tendência a oligotrófico e limitado por fósforo. A ACP mostrou que as condições espaciais e temporais apresentaram diferenças significativas. A seca teve menor profundidade e mais elevados níveis de oxigênio dissolvido e nitrogênio total. A diferença espacial destacou-se nas estações lóticas (turbidez, condutividade elétrica e fósforo).
Comunicación del personal de Enfermería con el paciente con patología psiquiátrica = Nursing staff communication with psychiatric pathology patient
Authors: Aviles Saez Zaraida , Cara Rodríguez Rosalía , López Trinidad Luisa María
Published: December 2018

Resumen: La comunicación con las personas diagnosticadas de patologías mentales es un punto fundamental para ayudar a conseguir su reinserción social. Enfermería es la figura que mantiene un contacto más estrecho con estos pacientes cuando se encuentran ingresados en centros sanitarios. El diálogo con estos pacientes es sumamente complejo, lo que hace necesario realizar investigaciones y formación que aborden la mejor forma de relacionarnos con ellos. Este estudio tiene por objetivo demostrar la im­portancia que tiene la comunicación con el paciente psiquiátrico respecto a la relación con el personal de Enfermería y su evolución. Los resultados muestran que los profesionales y estudiantes de Enfermería necesitan formación específica para saber cómo enfrentar un diálogo con personas con enfermedades mentales. La escucha activa, el idioma, la comunicación no verbal y la cercanía en la relación son claves para una comunicación efectiva.Palabras clave: Comunicación; enfermedad mental; Enfermería; relación.Abstract: Communication with people diagnosed with mental pathologies is a fundamental point to help achieve their social reintegration. Nursing is the figure that maintains a closer contact with these patients when they are admitted to health centers. The dialogue with these patients is extremely complex, which makes it necessary to conduct research and training that addresses the best way to relate to them. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of communication with the psychiatric patient regarding the relationship with the nursing staff and their evolution. The results show that nursing professionals and students need specific training to know how to face a dialogue with people with mental illness. Active listening, language, non-verbal communication and closeness in the relationship are key to effective communication.Keywords: Communication; mental illness; nursing; relationship.
Comparative study of the antioxidant activity of popular tea brands from trade market
Authors: Valiulina D. F. , Makarova N. V.
Published: December 2018

Tea is a traditional drink containing antioxidants of phenolic nature and other phytonutrients. 17 kinds of tea in bags were analysed. Extraction of phenolic substances and flavonoids was carried out with 50% ethanol, after which the content of phenolic substances, flavonoids, antiradical activity by the DPPH method, restoring ability by the FRAP method were determined. The obtained results testify the high potential of certain types of tea to block free radicals in model experiments in vitro due to the presence of phenolic substances (1086–1277 mg of gallic acid / 100 g of raw material). The most anti-radical activity among the studied objects belongs to GreenField teas – 0.33 and 0.34 mg / ml (the concentration of extract required to bind 50% of the DPPH radicals in the solution is 1 mg / ml). The ability to express a reducing ability for iron ions significantly distinguishes Black Curtis and Black Blooming Thyme (21.96 and 19.44 mmol Fe2+ / 1 kg of raw material). Study of antioxidant activity in vitro of the presented objects revealed a group of objects containing phenolic substances, flavonoids, which in the model experiments in vitro possess high anti-radical, antioxidant and reducing properties.
Increasing the biological value of the curd product
Authors: Dobriyan E. I. , Ilina A. M. , Medvedeva T. A.
Published: December 2018

The article is devoted to the improvement of quark product biological value in order to impart the properties adequate to specifity and nutrient status for the group of population with abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. Diabetes comprises the most widespread chronic diseases in the world. The reason for the number of diabetic patients growth bears the complex character but this growth is conditioned mainly by malnutrition. Correctly chosen diet adequate to the level and character of metabolic disorders is the important prophylactic factor. Milk products among which quark and quark products due to high amount of easily digestible protein are very Important in nutrition of the patients suffering from abnormal carbohydrate metabolism. The marketing analysis of this group nutritive value presented in the marked has been carried out. The obtained results show that the manufactures quark products are characterized by low amount of crude protein (from 4.5 to 6.0%) and high carbohydrates content ( from 13,0 to 18.0%) including sucrose (from 7,5 to 12,0%. One of the main requirements to dietetic therapy of the patients suffering from diabetes is drastic restriction and exclusion from food allowance easily digestible refined carbohydrates. The aim of the work is to improve biological value of the quark product by replacement of sucrose by stevia and enrichment it by whey protein. Among sugar substitute of natural origin is stevia, which besides the ability to reduce sugar possesses the wide spectrum of positive physiological impact on the body. The influence of milk components on the expressed after-taste of stevia and the possibility to level it has been studied. It was stated that protein has no impact on stevia after-taste but milk fat partially levels metallic taste and promotes the test intensity. It was stated that the best product organoleptic indices were fixed after introduction of 0.027% of stevia. Milk proteins are food irreplaceable components and mainly whey proteins characterized by high biological value conditioned by their specificity and balanced amino acid composition. But meanwhile commercial samples of quark products contained not more than 0,05% of whey proteins . The possibility to improve the biological value of the product by enrichment with whey proteins has been studied.
Functional food products with components of secondary raw materials of juice production
Authors: Droficheva N. V. , Prichko T. G.
Published: December 2018

Currently, the food industry worldwide tries to adhere to the model of agricultural production, using recycled materials to reduce technology costs and expenses. The development of functional products remains relevant not only in European countries, but also in Russia. This article presents data on technology of powder, as a component of functional product, one part of which is a preliminary removal of seeds that contain glucosides, fats, essential oils, leading to its Rancidity. The resulting fine powder, which contains biologically active substances in easily digested form, flavor, aromaforming compounds, as well as sugar (34.0-48.0%), fibre (20.0–35.1%), pectin (3.7–4.8%), vitamins (С 6.4–3.5 mg/100 g, P 28.9–50.6 mg/100 g) and minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium), able to complement and reinforce the functional significance of the major components, giving the medical quality of the final product. All analyses for the study of chemical indicators of quality of raw material and canned foods, conducted using titrimetric, photometric, spectrophotometric methods on existing Standards. Each of the developed functional products can meet the daily requirement for vitamins and pectin by 15% or more. Introduction in the food industry of technologies aimed at the integrated use of secondary raw materials of juice production, is a reserve for obtaining additional food products and increasing their nutritional value.
On the possibility of using biologically active substances of aspen bark in brewing
Authors: Voytsekhovskaya A. A. , Panova T. M. , Yuriev Yu. L.
Published: December 2018

The integrated use of aspen biomass can ensure the effective development of forestry and timber processing industries, reduce the share of waste. From the bark of aspen we obtained aqueous and water-alcohol extracts containing a complex of extractive substances possessing biological activity and representing practically all classes of organic compounds found in plants (vitamins, enzymes, proteins, fats, essential oils, etc.). As a raw material, a crushed aspen bark with a moisture content of 5% and an equivalent particle diameter of 2 mm was used. Extractants – water distilled and water-alcoholic solution 1:1. Extraction conditions: hydromodule– 10 g/g, temperature – 40°C, ultrasound frequency – 44 kHz. The effect of water-alcohol extracts on the fermentation of sucrose by beer yeast S-33 was studied. The expediency of using water-alcohol extract of aspen cortex at a dosage of 1% of the nutrient medium is shown. At the same time ferment activity of yeast increases, sugar consumption decreases by the side processes of fermentation, the economic coefficient showing the yield of ethanol from a unit of substrate is increased by 5,5% in comparison with the control. The kinetic characteristics of the fermentation process are calculated. The maximum specific growth rates of yeast and sugar consumption are observed when using water-alcohol extract of bark of aspen at a dosage of 1% and are 0,0052 h-1 and 0,049 g/(g-h), respectively. On the basis of the conducted studies, it can be concluded that the water-alcohol extract of the aspen bark should be used at a dosage of 1% of the nutrient medium. At the same time ferment activity of yeast increases, sugar consumption decreases by the side processes of fermentation, the economic coefficient showing the yield of ethanol from a unit of substrate is increased by 5,5% in comparison with the control. Industrial use of this extract in the production of beer will shorten the duration of the main fermentation for 1 day, increase the capacity of the fermentation unit and reduce the specific rates of energy consumption.
Comparative analysis of morpho-physiological features of Triticum vulgare sprouts after exposure to metal nanoparticles
Authors: Korotkova A. M. , Kvan O. V. , Bykova L. A. , Kudryavtseva O. S. , Videneeva T. S. , Vishnyakov A. I.
Published: December 2018

In this article violation of the mineral metabolism of plants as a result of secondary contamination with heavy metals (HM), which at high concentrations have a toxic effect on a wide variety of physiological processes, occupies a central place in the problem of the resistance of plant organisms to unfavorable environmental factors. Nanoparticles based on iron, copper and nickel are of considerable interest. The study of the mechanisms of plant adaptation to structurally different nanometals (NM) from the position of changing a number of physiological and biochemical parameters is relevant for a more complete understanding of the adaptive capabilities of organisms in conditions of technogenic nanomaterials. Analysis of the content of photosynthetic pigments allowed the formation of consistent ideas about the selectivity of the effect of nanometals on the components of the pigment system of seedlings, depending both on the composition of the metal and on its concentration. The obtained results serve as additional evidence of the existence of selectivity in the activation of a particular reaction of the plant's antioxidant system, determined by the nature of the nanomaterial. However, a change in the level of ROS in the presence of Ni? and Cu? can be attributed to the non-specific response of plants, since similar changes are characteristic of a variety of stresses of plants and in most cases require further research. In this aspect the main "target" of the action of LF metals was the root system of plants, which determined the interest in identifying mechanisms of phytotoxicity with an emphasis on the study of cell damage in this part of plants.
Study of the effect of narrow-leaved cypress extract on the properties of baking yeast
Authors: Belyaev A. G. , Zaikina M. A. , Kovaleva A. E. , Pyanikova E. A.
Published: December 2018

This article presents the results of the study of the beneficial properties of narrow-leaved rosebay willowherb (Chamerion angusti folium (L.) Holub) (the contents of vitamins, minerals and other substances which positively affect the human body). The process of extraction of a narrow-leaved spray from a dry plant raw material with an aqueous solution was looked at. The investigation of the concentration of narrow-leaved rosebay willowherb in an aqueous solution using a refractometer revealed that a 20 min. infusion shows the constant growth of dry matter in the extract. However after the 20 min. period the concentration of solids stays constant. Therefore, the optimum infusion time was set to 20 min. As a result of the study, the accelerated method of lifting the pressed yeast using an aqueous solution and a lemon grass extract revealed that, with the addition of the plant additive, the lifting power of the yeast decreased by 10.5%.This indicates that the products of narrow-leaved rosebay willowherb favorably affect yeast cells. Yeast suspensions from water and yeast and aqueous extract of narrow-leaved rosebay willowherb and yeast spray have been studied. After 60 min. of thermostating and further microscope study, with the determination of the concentration of yeast cells with the help of Goryaev's chamber, allowed to establish that the concentration of yeast cells in suspension with the extract of narrow-leaved rosebay willowherb exceeds the concentration in the control suspension by almost 1.5 times. This phenomenon is caused by the stimulating effect of the individual components that make up the narrow-leaved rosebay willowherb (sugars, vitamins, minerals and other components), which are an additional source of energy. It is proposed to use the spray extract of the narrow-leaved rosebay willowherb as a raw material in the preparation of bakery products for preventive purposes.
Modern technologies for utilizing tobacco wastes
Authors: Mirgorodskaya A. G. , Shkidyuk M. V. , Matyukhina N. N. , Don T. A.
Published: December 2018

The problem of utilization or recycling industrial tobacco wastes is an important problem for tobacco industry. Economically preferable way for utilizing industrial tobacco wastes (tobacco scrap) is production smokeless products and hookah blends as wastes are utilized without special treatment. Monitoring of humidity and fractional composition of cut tobacco taken from tobacco rod/cigarette spoilage (tobacco scrap) is carried. Its long-term storage leads to increasing scrap and dust quantity. Researches on utilizing tobacco scrap for sniff and hookah blend production, which are considered to be less harmful compared to cigarettes, were carried. Chemical composition of American type tobacco and scrap was defined. Nicotine content varies from 0.9 to 2.4% and carbohydrates content – from 5.6 to 9.6%. Experimental samples of hookah blend were produced and their organoleptic and taste evaluation were carried. It was found that utilization of tobacco scrap is economically efficient for hookah blend production, as quality of final product made of leaf tobacco and tobacco scrap is similar. Experimental samples of sniff tobacco were produced in order to discover possibility of utilization industrial tobacco scrap for manufacturing this product. Consumer’s properties of sniff tobacco were evaluated by 100 points tasting protocol. This technology for sniff tobacco production from tobacco scrap allows manufacturing product of good quality, decreasing technological operations, rejecting stages of tobacco selection and its cutting and as the result decreasing cost of final product. The results of the research on utilizing tobacco scrap for hookah blend and sniff tobacco production proves optimality of recycling the tobacco wastes.
Utilizing Doha tobacco for hookah blend production
Authors: Matyukhina N. N.
Published: December 2018

Doha tobacco is becoming popular among tobacco consumers lately. Wide spread of “Turbo Doha” product can be explained by its rich natural taste, high strength and absence of synthetic additives. Smoking is carried by utilizing special pipe with little tobacco chamber. Besides this, Doha tobacco has become popular among hookah smokers. Doha tobacco for hookah blend production was the object of the research. Experimental samples of hookah blend were made of American Oriental and Doha types of tobacco in different proportions. Organoleptic evaluation of cured tobacco was carried by aroma, color and midrib size indicators. Aim of the research was evaluation of nicotine content in aerosol of hookah blend depending on Doha content. Chemical composition of cured tobacco was defined. Maximum nicotine content was in Doha tobacco. Experimental samples were made without flavor additives. Tasting of experimental samples was carried. Samples of hookah blends made of American type tobaccos Virginia 202 and Burley 413 were highly estimated. This can be explained that these tobaccos have loose structure and high absorption rate of casing, which are important for hookah blend production.Nicotine content in aerosol was defined by machine smoking.It was found that addition of Doha tobacco in hookah blend allows changing strength of final tobacco product. However, utilizing Doha tobacco for hookah blend production is preferable only in combination with American type tobaccos
Improvement of consumer characteristics and reduced toxicity of chewing tobacco when using of flavors
Authors: Gnuchikh E. V. , Don T. A. , Mirgorodskaya A. G.
Published: December 2018

Smokeless tobacco products are declared by producers as alternative to smoking products. Smokeless tobacco products are consumed without combustion or pyrolysis process by sucking it in oral cavity (sucking tobacco), chewing (chewing tobacco) or inhaling (sniff tobacco). During oral consuming nicotine is absorbed by oral mucous, and during nasal consuming – by nasal mucous. Sales of chewing and sniff tobacco are allowed in Russia. Stable sales increasing of these smokeless tobaccos are observed in Russia during last years. Nicotine content decreasing can be achieved by different methods: physical, technological (utilizing expanded stem, reconstituted tobacco, tobacco with low nicotine content, non tobacco materials). Flavorings that have good combination with tobacco aroma had been chosen. They are: flower and herbs, food plants, citrus peels, natural coffee and cacao, vanilla sugar. Possibility of their utilizing for decreasing toxicity of chewing tobacco has been studied. Efficiency of this method has been proved, and optimal contents of tobacco and flavorings have been found.
Development of technology for the production of poultry prophylactic products (roll, baked from chicken meat with broccoli cabbage)
Authors: Lavrenova Z. I. , Nazarova N. E.
Published: December 2018

In the article results of researches on development of compounding and technology of manufacture of a new kind of meat production of functional purpose from poultry meat with partial replacement of meat raw material by a vegetative component – cabbage broccoli are resulted. As a result of the conducted studies and calculations, data were obtained on the indicators of quality and safety, food and energy value, economic efficiency of the production of a roll baked from chicken meat with broccoli cabbage. The addition of broccoli in the production of a roll of chicken meat contributed to the formation of an unusual figure of a roll on a cut: the light pink color of the meat and the bright green color of the broccoli cabbage. Experimental batches of roulet baked from chicken meat were produced by replacing meat with broccoli in the recipe as follows: sample No. 1 – replacement of meat raw material with broccoli 10.0%, sample No. 2 20.0%, No. 3 – 30.0% respectively. When the replacement of meat raw material with broccoli cabbage is increased, the content of fat mass fraction is significantly reduced from 19.0% (control sample) to 11.0% (sample No. 3). There is also a decrease in the protein content from 17.0% in the control sample to 11.0% in sample No. 3, as well as an increase in the mass fraction of carbohydrates from 0 (control sample) to 1.8% (sample No. 3). All examined samples of a roll baked from chicken meat with broccoli cabbage meet the requirements of regulatory documents on microbiological indicators. The results of calculations of the economic efficiency of the production of control and experimental samples of baked rolls from chicken meat indicate that it is economically most feasible to produce a roasted chicken roll with the addition of broccoli in the amount of 30% to the mass of unsalted raw materials.
Development of the combined method of blanching the stingray stellate
Authors: Golubeva O. A. , Astramovich V. L.
Published: December 2018

The possibility of applying a combined blanching method (water-steam) for the stingray stellate is substantiated. The proposed method completely excludes the process of preliminary wetting and, as a consequence, the flooding of stingray meat. The developed experimental installation protected by a patent and can be used to study the process of blanching with water, steam or a combined method of raw materials of both plant and animal origin. The experiment has been planned by the method of combinatorial squares. The following parameters were chosen as variable parameters: water temperature, varying in the range from 70 to 95 °С with the step of the experiment5 °С. The duration of water treatment has been varied from 1 to 5 minutes with the step of experiment in 1 minute. The efficiency of removal of urea from the stingray stellate meat was confirmed experimentally by comparing its mass fraction in muscle skate tissue before and after preliminary heat treatment. Urea content was determined by a modified photo colorimetric method in accordance with GOST R 50032-92 "Feed meal from fish, marine mammals, crustaceans and invertebrates." Methods for determining the carbamide mass fraction and calculating the crude protein taking into account the mass fraction of carbamide taking into account features of the investigated product. The following mode of combined blanching (water-steam) could be recommended for industrial use: 1: 9 water module, water treatment time 180 s (3 min) at a water temperature of 90 °C with subsequent treatment steam for 150 s (2.5 min) at a steam temperature of 100 ° C. The selected regime has an efficiency of 42.5% that almost equal to the efficiency of other ways of blanching the stingray and a higher yield of the semi-finished product equal to 88.8%. The resulting semi-finished product can be recommended for preparing from stingray the culinary products and the canning.
Assessment of destruction of polyethylene modified with pro-oxidants in the context of environmental safety
Authors: Protasov A. V. , Studenikina L. N. , Korchagin V. I. , Akhmetova N. G. , Rebrova Yu. A.
Published: December 2018

The paper presents the results of the evaluation of the destruction of polyethylene LDPE (hereinafter-PE), modified by prooxidants based on iron, copper and cobalt carboxylates (in the amount of 1.5 mass. % ) with accelerated thermal and ultraviolet aging for 192 hours. The assessment of degradation in the context of environmental safety included the determination of the degree of compliance of the materials with the requirements of state standard 33747-2016 "Oxo-biodegradable packaging", according to which the criterion of the efficiency of oxobiodestructionpolyolefins may be a decrease in strength and elongation at break of the sample at accelerated aging, as well as the quantitative determination of the release of formaldehyde during thermal degradation modified with prooxidants PE for comparison with the maximum permissible concentration. The rheological parameters of the materials were studied and a comparative assessment of the melt viscosity reduction and reduction with respect to elongation at break in the dynamics of accelerated thermal and UV aging of the PE modified with prooxidants in the selected time interval of 192 hours of exposure was carried out. A decrease in the relative elongation at rupture of PE containing cobalt - based prooxidant by 94% at thermal aging for 192 hours, and by 46% at ultraviolet was established. For PE modified with copper carboxylate, these values were 64 and 33 %, respectively, for PE modified with iron carboxylate – 35% and 40%, respectively. The reduction of strength by 95% of the initial value for 192 hours of temperature exposure was achieved in a sample modified with cobalt, which confirms its compliance with state standard 33747-2016. For other samples, the degree of strength reduction in the selected time interval does not allow to assess compliance with the specified standard. The release of formaldehyde during thermal aging for 192 hours per 1 g of the PE sample modified with cobalt carboxylate was 0.051 mg/m3, for PE modified with copper carboxylate – 0.032 mg/m3, for PE modified with iron carboxylate – 0.034 mg/m3. Installed excessive concentrations of formaldehyde in air hood PH with the carboxylate of cobalt 1.2 times under thermal aging 96 hours and 1.5 times the thermal ageing of a maximum of 192 hours. The reduction of the viscosity of PE containing cobalt – based prooxidant by 90% at thermal aging for 192 hours and by 10% at ultraviolet was recorded. For PE modified with copper carboxylate, these values were 9 and 2 %, respectively, for PE modified with iron carboxylate – 8 and 5%, respectively.
Methodic of development of coordinated management decisions of distribution of net profit at the enterprise
Authors: Shageev D. A. , Peregrimova I. M.
Published: December 2018

The article formulates the problem of development and coordination of management decisions of distribution of net profit of the enterprise for owners. The analysis of scientific views, mechanisms, methods and provisions to address this problem. As a result of the analysis it was found out that none of the considered articles solved this problem even to a minimum extent. Therefore, the proposed method is relevant not only for the owners of enterprises, but also for economic science. The technique is based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) T. Saaty. This method allows to formulate management decisions of distribution of net profit in the form of hierarchies and to carry out the pair assessment of these decisions in special matrices taking into account weight categories of experts/owners in the form of shares, in authorized capital. The study found that such an indicator as the ratio of consistency (OS) of matrices and hierarchies does not solve the problem sufficiently. Therefore, it is proposed to add or in some cases even replace the indicator with the Pierson-Kolmogorov-Smirnov consistency criteria. Thus, in the technique there is a possibility of triple coordination of decisions in the form of matrix estimates in MAI. To improve the level of consistency of these criteria, the modification of The full numerical scale of T. Saati from 17-point to 9-point and 7-point was made. The method also presents the indicator of the level of the resulting consistency of decisions (URSR) measured by the verbal-numerical scale Of E. Harrington in combination with such characteristics as consensus, compromise, conflict of medium and high severity. Any number of experts/owners and their authorized representatives can be involved in the implementation of the methodology without restrictions. The technique is characterized by a high degree of versatility and flexibility. Therefore, it can be used in enterprises with any organizational and legal form of management. The article presents the results of testing methods on the example of the industrial enterprise "Magma".
Analysis of economic and technological factors affecting the efficiency of obtaining ethyl alcohol for chemical and fuel purposes
Authors: Turshatov M. V. , Solovyev A. O. , Krivchenko V. A. , Kononenko V. V.
Published: December 2018

The market value of alcohol production reaches 500 rubles per 1 decaliter (at a cost of up to 430 rubles per 1 decaliter), which does not allow it to be used effectively for purposes other than alcohol beverages. To successfully implement this ethanoll for the needs of the chemical and fuel industry it is necessary to achieve a market value of up to 300 rubles per 1 decaliter (with a cost of 250 rubles per 1 decaliter). To achieve such indicators, studies were carried out on the production of alcohol from starch-containing secondary raw materials of grain complex processing for gluten, starch, syrups, amino acids and organic acids. Samples of starch milk and wheat bran were used as secondary raw materials. As a result, the ratio of starch milk and bran was selected, which allows obtaining a normative yield of alcohol up to 66.3 decaliter / ton of conventional starch. The resulting bard was similar in terms of indicators from the grain, which makes it possible to treat stillage to dried fodder using the same enrgysave equipment. To increase the value of this food, it was enriched with protein by cultivation of fodder yeast. As a result, a fodder product was obtained, corresponding to GOST R 55301-2012 "Yeast fodder from a cereal bard". Based on the conducted studies, a technology was developed for processing a mixture of starch milk and bran in ethyl alcohol and a protein feed product. The technical and economic analysis of the developed technology demonstrates efficiency of secondary raw material using for production of ethyl alcohol and protein fodder.
Clustering of objects with poorly formalizable features based on a neural network in the form of Kohonen layers
Authors: Kubasov I. A. , Melnikov A. V. , Maltsev S. A. , Narushev I. R.
Published: December 2018

Analysis of profiles of minors in social networks shows that teenagers indicate in them information that increases the level of their social desirability. Such information often does not correspond to the real behavior of the teenager. For a full analysis of the level of deviance of a minor need tools covering the full range of indicators. In contrast to the usual approach to clustering objects based on their Association in groups by the criterion of the minimum distance in multidimensional space when clustering features it is advisable to take into account their proximity to the methods of obtaining information and methods of processing of this information by the inspector for minors. In the first phase of the study is the clustering of signs of deviation, the second the determination of the weighting factors of indicator of the degree of deviance within each group of signs, the third uses the method of cluster-hierarchical approach to forming integral indicator of assessment of deviant behavior of minors. The indicator has a considerable flexibility of the correlation between groups of symptoms and partial characteristics through the introduction of appropriate sets of weighting coefficients. The conclusion is made about the preference of methods based on clustering of objects in the two-dimensional space of targets or accounts of the principal components method, as well as the need for additional analysis of the graphical picture of the relative location of objects. From the comparison of different approaches: 1) clustering on the basis of the generalized indicator of quality and the sign of reverse deviance, 2) clustering on two accounts of the principal components method; 3) clustering on all signs of examination, the following conclusions can be drawn. All methods properly allocate the objects to clusters. However, when you save the main totals (highlighting the best and worst features), the results are slightly different. This is due to the different volume and forms of presentation of the source information. The program assigns numbers of active neurons (clusters) arbitrarily, so in order to arrange the cluster numbers by some feature (for example, the quality of objects), you need to use additional graphical information. From a practical point of view, the first two methods are preferred, based on clustering objects in two-dimensional space, the method of principal components and the analysis of the graphical picture of the mutual location of objects.
Collagen drinks for functional nutrition
Authors: Antipova L. V. , Storublevtsev S. A. , Getmanova A. A.
Published: December 2018

In the process of life of the body continuously consumed nutrients that perform plastic and energy functions. The source of nutrients is a variety of foods, consisting of a complex of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, which in the process of digestion are converted into digestible substances. Collagen is the basis of connective tissue and binds the cells in the tissues, creates the frame of the whole body. The gastrointestinal tract, as a system of organs, is no exception and is designed process and extract nutrients from food. Most organs consist of connective tissue, accounting for 60–90% of their mass, which confirms its importance and the role of collagen in this regard can not be estimated. Collagen functions in the body are diverse, one of the main - part in digestion, the violation of which is the cause of diseases such as gastritis and ulcers. For the prevention and treatment of such diseases are very useful liquid collagen-containing food in the form of functional drinks. Developed and obtained in the experimental laboratory a variety of drinks on a collagen basis, with the use of additional broth with sea buckthorn pulp, tincture of dried chicory root powder and broth with the flesh of Jerusalem artichoke. An invaluable contribution to the therapeutic and preventive actions of all these components is proved not only scientifically, but also time-tested.
The Status of Knighthood Appointments Made by Deposed Royal Families
Authors: Takeda Shutaro
Published: December 2018

Legal debates on the deposed sovereigns’ rights have emerged since 20th century. Among them, the right to appoint knights by heads of deposed royal families is one of the focal points. The author begins with a comprehensive review of legal debates on the subject. Six principles on the appointment are extracted from the review. Then, a new interpretation is proposed, wherein the legitimacy to confer honours and the legitimacy of the orders of knighthood themselves have to be considered separately. Under this method of interpretation, the criterion to judge the legitimacy of an appointment of knight is both the jus honorum of the head of the family and the order of knighthood itself being legitimate.
Interactive Effects of Secondary Macronutrients and Micronutrients on the Grain Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Use Efficiencies of Maize in the Guinea Savannas of Nigeria
Authors: Garba Ismail Ibrahim , Jibrin Jibrin Mohammed , Kamara Alpha Yaya , Adnan Adnan Aminu , Abdulrahman Bassam Lawan , Shehu Bello Mohammed , Adam Adam Mohammed
Published: December 2018

To close the nutrient-related yield gaps in maize, balanced nutrition using primary and secondary macronutrients as well as micronutrients is recommended. Multi-nutrient diagnostic field trials were conducted in Guinea Savanna of Nigeria to assess the interactive effects of macronutrients and micronutrients on maize grain yields, nutrient uptake as well as N, P and K use efficiencies. The treatments consisted of a control (zero fertilizer applied), an NPK treatment and 10 other treatments in which macronutrient (Mg, S) and/or micronutrients (B, and Zn) were added to the NPK. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with 3 replications. Data collected were subjected to mixed model with nutrient management strategy as fixed effects while replication nested in location and interaction between location and nutrient management strategy as random effects. The results revealed significant effects (P < 0.05) of nutrient management strategy on maize yield, nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiencies of N, P and K. The study revealed that yield advantage over the recommended NPK fertilizer as a result of application macronutrients and micronutrients were highest with Mg in Lere (2.4 t ha−1), S + B + Zn in Faskari (2.8 t ha−1), S + B in Doguwa (1.5 t ha−1) and S + Zn in Toro (2.4 t ha−1).  Addition of Mg, S and B significantly increases macronutrient uptakes over the recommended NPK only. Agronomic use efficiency, internal utilization efficiency, apparent recovery efficiency and partial factor productivity were significantly increased with the addition of S, Mg, and B but were not improved with Zn application. It was concluded that nutrient limitations to maize in the Guinea Savanna go beyond N, P and K. This study recommends that S, Mg, and B are needed to improve maize productivity and engender improve the use efficiency of NPK fertilizers.
A Novel Stability Criterion of Lur’e Systems with Time-Varying Delay Based on Relaxed Conditions
Authors: Zhang Peng ,   School of Electrical Engineering, University of Jinan No.336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China, Wang Pitao , Shen Tao
Published: December 2018

This paper considers the absolute stability for Lur’e systems with time-varying delay and sector-bounded nonlinear. In this paper, a new relaxed condition based on delay decomposition approach is proposed. By using this technique and employing some inequality, the new delay-dependent stability criteria for Lur’e systems are derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). A numerical example is presented to show less conservatism of proposed methods compared with the previous.
Field Experiment Report for Verification of Abandoned Lignite Mines by Robotic Exploration System
Authors: Miura Hiroyasu , Watanabe Ayaka , Okugawa Masayuki , Kurahashi Susumu , Kurisu Masamitsu , Miura Takahiko ,   Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi 470-0392, Japan,   Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Aichi Institute of Technology 1247 Yachigusa, Yakusa-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi 470-0392, Japan,   Faculty of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Denki University 5 Senju-Asahi-cho, Adachi-ku, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan,   Department of Solution, Sanritz Automation Co., Ltd. 7-47-1 Kotobuki-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi 471-0834, Japan
Published: December 2018

The risk of collapse and subsidence of abandoned lignite mines has been noted in the Tokai region of Japan. The cavity-filling process by local governments has been ongoing. There is no cavity map in the abandoned lignite mines, and it is necessary to understand and explore the underground space in order to estimate the amount of filling material needed. By request from Mitake-cho in Gifu Prefecture, we received the opportunity to explore the inside of an abandoned lignite mine using our robotic system. Prior to the exploration of the actual abandoned lignite mine, as a feasibility study, an experimental test field that simulated the elements of the abandoned lignite mine was prepared outdoors. Some experiments were performed and the robotic exploration system was evaluated in this study. This paper describes the lessons learned from the feasibility study.
WAQF ACCOUNTABILITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF YEMEN: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Ayedh Abdullah , Echchabi Abdelghani , Ihsan Hidayatul
Published: December 2018

The purpose of the study is to investigate how the Yemeni mutawallis (awqaf managers) perceive their accountability and how they discharge it. Accordingly, a survey was conducted covering 156 respondents from most of the Yemeni regions, and data analysis was based on descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that the mutawallis are mostly perceived to be accountable to the government awqaf institutions, followed by the accountability to the waqif (donor). These perceptions were influenced by the organizational values and rules governing the waqf. Finally, the most significant mechanism used in discharging waqf accountability is the regular issuance of financial annual reports followed by the fulfilment of government auditing requirements, waqif requirements, as well as the customers’ satisfaction. These findings have significant implications for the Islamic economics and waqf theory, for the practitioners as well as for the policy makers in waqf and related areas.
Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural Pada Anak-Anak Melalui Model Pembelajaran Bermain Peran
Authors: Deiniatur Much
Published: December 2018

Multicultural education is very important to be applied in Indonesia. This is motivated by several reasons, one of them is globalization. Globalization gives rise to opportunities, threats and challenges to human life. One impact is the nation's culture. Nations are not able to manage the diversity will experience a loss of local and national identity.

Multicultural education is a strategy in offering a powerful strategy of cultural transformation through education that is able to appreciate cultural differences.One of strategy to teach Multicultural Education is through role play. Children can play the roles chosen by the teacher.

In a role-play, the teacher can teach a wide range of vocabulary, traditional clothes, traditional house, and folk songs. Children will also feel happy when playing a certain role.

 Keywords: Multicultural Education, Role Playing, Kids

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ABSTRAK

 

Pendidikan Multikultural sangat penting untuk diterapkan di Indonesia. Hal ini dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa sebab, salah satunya adalah globlalisasi. Globlaisasi melahirkan peluang, ancaman, dan tantangan bagi kehidupan manusia. Salah satu imbasnya adalah kebudayaan bangsa. Bangsa yang tidak mampu mengelola kemajemukan akan mengalami kehilangan jati diri lokal dan nasionalnya.

Pendidikan Multikultural merupakan strategi dalam menawarkan strategi transformasi budaya yang ampuh melalui pendidikan yang mampu menghargai perbedaan budaya.

Salah satu cara untuk mengajar Pendidikan Multikultural adalah melalui bermain peran. Anak-anak dapat memainkan peran-peran yang dipilihkan oleh gurunya.

Dalam bermain peran, guru dapat mengajarkan berbagai kosa kata, pakaian daerah, rumah istiadat, dan lagu daerah. Anak-anak juga akan merasa senang ketika memainkan peran tertentu.

 Kata Kunci: Pendidikan Multikultural, Role Playing, Anak-anak
PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PEMAHAMAN ETIKA SOSIAL ANAK
Authors: Asdiqoh Siti
Published: December 2018

Abstract: THE ROLE OF PARENTS IN THE CHILDREN’S SOCIAL ETHICS
UNDERSTANDING. Many parents have difficulty in understanding the
behavior of their children who often seem illogical and incompatible with
healthy feelings. This article tries to describe the roles and approaches
parents make in shaping child behavior. To understand children, foster
physical life, moral development, social development, and personality
development, parents are required to have knowledge about their
behavior. Child social development is strongly influenced by the process of
treatment or guidance of parents to children in introducing various
aspects of social life, or norms of community life and encourage and give
an example to their children how to apply these norms in everyday life.
Parents who want to change their child's behavior first make a change in
him. When parents have successfully adopted a positive approach to
encourage children, there will be significant improvements in the behavior
of their children, so that they will develop self-confidence, responsibility,
cooperation, and independence in their children.

Abstrak: Banyak orang tua mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami
perilaku anak-anaknya yang seringkali terlihat tidak logis dan tidak
sesuai dengan perasaan sehat. Artikel ini mencoba mendeskripsikan
peran dan pendekatan yang dilakukan orang tua dalam membentuk
perilaku anak. Untuk memahami anak, membina kehidupan jasmaniah,
perkembangan moral, perkembangan sosial, dan perkembangan
kepribadian, orang tua dituntut memiliki pengetahuan tentang perilaku
mereka. Perkembangan sosial anak sangat dipengaruhi oleh proses
perlakuan atau bimbingan orang tua terhadap anak dalam mengenalkan
berbagai aspek kehidupan sosial, atau norma-norma kehidupan
bermasyarakat serta mendorong dan memberikan contoh kepada
anaknya bagaimana menerapkan norma-norma tersebut dalam
kehidupan sehari-hari. Orang tua yang ingin mengubah perilaku anaknya
pertama-tama melakukan perubahan dalam dirinya. Bilamana orang tua
berhasil menerapkan pendekatan yang bersifat mendorong anak berbuat
positif, pasti akan terjadi perbaikan-perbaikan yang berarti dalam
perilaku anak-anaknya, sehingga akan berkembang rasa percaya diri,
tanggung jawab, kooperatif, dan kemandirian dalam diri anak-anaknya.
Opiniones de adolescentes sobre el Plato del Bien Comer Maya como herramienta de promoción de la salud
Authors: Cabrera-Araujo Zulema M , Hernández-Escalante Víctor M , Marín-Cárdenas Alina D , Murguía-Argüelles Rocío , Magaña-Be Noel , Ramón-Escobar Karla , Hirose-López Javier , Tuz-Chi Lázaro , Salas-Góngora Abril , Peña-Alcocer Joed , Tumas Natalia , Castro-Sansores Carlos J , Juárez-Ramírez Clara
Published: December 2018

Objetivo. Conocer opiniones sobre el Plato del Bien Co­mer Maya de adolescentes de Cholul, Yucatán, para mejorar la herramienta comunicativa y utilizarla en actividades de promoción de la salud. Material y métodos. Estudio cua­litativo, de investigación formativa. Se realizaron tres grupos focales, participaron 28 adolescentes de secundaria: 12-16 años. Criterios de inclusión: pertenecer a alguno de los tres grados de la escuela y tener familias originarias del poblado. El análisis de los datos se realizó manualmente. Resultados. En comparación con el Plato del Bien Comer nacional, el Plato Maya fue mejor identificado por tener elementos locales a los que pueden acceder fácilmente y con costos menores. Se identificó la palabra fruto como una variación lingüística que representa en ese contexto tanto a las frutas como a las verduras. Conclusiones. Para tener mejores resultados en intervenciones nutricionales es necesario diseñar estrategias educativo-comunicativas acordes con la cultura local.
Cromoblastomicosis en México. Una enfermedad olvidada
Authors: Rojas-García Olga Carolina , García-Martínez Joyce Marie , Carrión-Álvarez Diego
Published: December 2018

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