bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expansion of pipeless drainage functions for draining poorly permeable soils
Authors: Shtykov Valeriy , Yanko Yu.G. , Kantsiber Juryi , Ponomarev Andrey
Published: June 2023

Due to climate change, in the next 30-50 years, an increase in precipitation during the growing season is predicted in the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia. However, even now, traditional methods of draining poorly permeable soils in a number of cases have proved to be ineffective due to the insufficiency of operational and capital measures to accelerate the removal of surface water and the weak hydraulic connection between the arable layer and drains. The experience of operation of drainage systems in the Nonchernozem zone of Russia has shown that at large distances between channels, the removal of surface runoff is difficult. A rational solution is to reduce the distances between the conductive channels. In this case, instead of open collectors, we propose to use cavityless collectors for drainage, which do not interfere with the movement of heavy agricultural machinery. A complete analysis of the functioning of cavityless collectors has been carried out. In the part of hydrology, accounting for the increase in precipitation is discussed and a method is given for calculating the maximum average daily module of drainage flow for the early spring and summer-autumn periods. A geotechnical calculation of the settlement during the passage of a heavy general-purpose tractor of the 5th traction class K-744R1 (Kirovets) was performed. It is shown that under the design conditions, the settlements will be about 1 cm. An example of a hydraulic calculation of the reservoir with the calculation of the initial and maximum depth of the filtration flow in it is given. Hydraulic calculation is carried out according to a proven method, the theoretical foundations of which were developed by the authors in previously published articles. An important feature is that all possible filtration modes are taken into account in the hydraulic calculation: laminar, transitional and turbulent.
Nonlinear control object identification problems: Methods and approaches
Authors: Juraev A.Kh. , Jurayev F.D. , Eshkobilov S.B. , Ibragimov B.Sh. , Norboev O.N.
Published: June 2023

In the study of nonlinear systems, the development of control descriptions in accordance with the model of the process depends on the tasks of solving the problems of identification of control objects. Control object modeling is limited to using the same methods for both linear and nonlinear types. Non-linear control is complicated due to the scope of application of object identification methods and the nature of their use algorithms. In the article, modern methodological approaches to the research of the identification system of nonlinear control objects are considered. The importance of building an interpolator based on the principle of obtaining its original description and transition to an image based on the acquired digital information about the object in the discretely determined system is explained. In the process of research, the authors pay attention to the possibility of creating a mathematical description in several variants of this method and distinguishing the optimal one. In this comparison, the linearized model of technological objects is based on maintaining the dominance feature.
Study of the process of infrared drying of lactic starter cultures
Authors: Popov V.M. , Afonkina V.A. , Levinsky V.N. , Medvedev A.V.
Published: June 2023

An assessment of the current state of the Russian lactic starter market is given, which reflects the dependence on imported raw materials mainly from European manufacturers. To reduce dependence and ensure food security during the sanction period, the scientific and technical community of the Russian Federation has been set with a task to create technologies that allow obtaining high-quality lactic starter cultures and fermented products based on them. The article discusses the drying of lactic starter culture to increase storage terms and conditions. An important point in the dehydration process is the preservation of biologically active substances (lactic acid organisms, bifidobacteria) in the starter dry residue. The basic technologies of starter culture drying are considered, an alternative technology of IR radiation with the use of membranous electric heaters is proposed. The experimental kinetic dependences and the equation of the drying process of lactic starter cultures were obtained on the manufactured laboratory stand. Laboratory tests of the dried starter culture showed full compliance of the content of biologically active substances with the starting material, GOST RF and a high degree of recoverability, which indicates the feasibility of developing IR radiation technologies and introducing them into the processing of lactic and lactic acid raw materials.
The current state and level of development of the production forces of cotton and textile clusters
Authors: Djurabaev Otabek D.
Published: June 2023

The article summarizes scientific and theoretical views on the characteristics and features of the formation of cotton cluster systems, briefly highlights the history of their appearance in Uzbekistan, the significance and consequences of clustering of the domestic cotton and textile industry, highlights the advantages and problems of introducing cotton and textile clusters into the agricultural production of Uzbekistan.
Ecological variety testing of chickpeas in a changing climate in the West of Kazakhstan
Authors: Shektybayeva G.H. , Limaskaya V.B. , Orynbayev A.T. , Kasenova A.S.
Published: June 2023

This research was carried out within the framework of the scientific and technical program BR10765000 “Creation of highly productive varieties and hybrids of leguminous crops based on the achievements of biotechnology, genetics, physiology, biochemistry of plants for their sustainable production” under the budget program 267 “Increasing the availability of knowledge and scientific research”. The article presents the results of ecological variety testing of chickpeas in the arid conditions of Western Kazakhstan. The West Kazakhstan region sharply differs in soil and climatic conditions from other regions of Kazakhstan. Naturally, in such difficult environmental conditions, varieties that will be able to fully solve the problem of overcoming the negative complex influence of limiting environmental factors that are strictly specific to a particular zoning zone become crucial. Among leguminous crops, chickpea occupies a leading position as a source of vegetable protein and has very high nutritional value. Moreover, its value lies in its ability to improve soil fertility by enriching it with nitrogen. Chickpea is an excellent precursor to spring durum wheat. The main goal of this scientific work is to systematically study chickpea breeding material, identifying sources of valuable traits and properties through ecological selection, and creating new competitive and patentable varieties adapted to the agroecological conditions of our region. The article presents a summary of the results of ecological variety testing of chickpea breeding carried out by various research institutes including the Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Breeding, Krasnokutsky Breeding and Experimental Station, Volgograd State Agricultural Academy, Krasnovodopadsky Agricultural Experimental Station, and the Scientific and Production Center of grain economy named after A.I. Baraev.
Ecological aspects of the state of natural and technical systems in the zone of irrigated agriculture effect
Authors: Manzhina S.A. , Drovovozova T.I. , Kirilenko A.A.
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is to identify the ecological aspects of the state of natural and technical systems in the zone of irrigated agriculture effect on the example of the hydrographic network of the left bank of the Lower Don. The Semikarakorsky district of the Rostov region was chosen as the object of the study. The subject of the study was the water quality in natural-technical systems – receivers of collector-drainage runoff from reclaimed lands, collector-drainage network, irrigation channels, as well as hydrochemical indicators of groundwater with a depth of no more than 5 m, soils from irrigated fields and fields with natural irrigation (boghara). The analysis of the results showed the widespread effect of groundwater on the formation of the drainage runoff and natural water composition, the accumulation of sodium ions and sulfates in soils, which is due to the rise of the capillary fringe due to the rise of the groundwater level. In general, the chemical composition of drainage water corresponds to the geochemical background of the territory and is a consequence of their natural desalinisation.
Determination of the functional properties of protein hydrolysates by the in silico method
Authors: Zinina O. , Neverova O. , Sharaviev P. , Neverova E. , Aleksandrina E.
Published: June 2023

Bioactive peptides are of increasing interest to scientists. The development of peptidomics and bioinformatics contributes to a deeper study of peptides obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of raw materials. In this work, the in silico method was used to study the properties and biological value of peptides identified in protein hydrolysates obtained by microbial fermentation of the broiler chicken gizzards in whey with the addition of bifidobacteria and propionic acid bacteria. The activity of the peptides was determined using the BIOPEP database. Potential toxicity and such properties as hydrophobicity, hydropathicity, hydrophilicity, molecular weight of each peptide were predicted through the tool ToxinPred. The potential activity of the peptides was evaluated using the PeptideRanker database. The conducted studies made it possible to identify bioactive peptides TR, SY, VW, PPP, SW in hydrolysates, which have various physiological effects. Several peptides with high potential biological activity have also been identified. Due to the fact that not all peptides obtained during the fermentation of raw materials have been studied, in silico methods allow us to assess the feasibility of isolating certain peptides from hydrolysates.
Maintaining the register of agricultural lands as a real step towards the implementation of the data management function for these lands by the state
Authors: Papaskiri T.V. , Lipski S.A.
Published: June 2023

Since 2022, the state register of agricultural lands has been maintained in our country. The article discusses the reasons for this decision, the key features of this register, the possibilities of interaction with other data sources on these lands, as well as the pace of formation of data systems on them at the regional level. At the same time, it was noted that the full use of the potential of such a register depends on the pace of digitalization of agricultural land management and land planning. The authors also note that measures to improve work with data on agricultural lands logically fit into the general practice of recent years, when the state (state agencies) started implementing a new database management function. At the same time, a qite obvious problem was identified, differences in the rates of the corresponding regional system development and saturation of the federal register with their data, its risk was assessed and experience in solving a similar problem of the 1990s was given.
Digitization and social response of SMEs to the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dyussembayeva Lazzat , Urazmagambetova Eleanora , Rakisheva Zura
Published: June 2023

Digitalization is crucial for the long-term viability of small businesses in the new economy. As global digitalization accelerates, Kazakhstan’s small and medium-sized enterprises should use the digital economy to promote economic growth. More and more companies are switching to digital technologies: more and more companies, especially import and export companies, are using digital technologies to adapt to the crisis.This article conducted an online survey of 400 Kazakhstani SMEs, which examines the relationship between digitalization, strategies for responding to the COVID-19 crisis. The survey results clearly show that digitalization helps SMEs to take emergency response measures, as well as to respond strategically to social crises in the long term, thereby contributing to the improvement of the performance of SMEs.
Lending to agricultural enterprises: interaction between the state and the banking sector
Authors: Zhuravleva Ludmila , Zarubina Elena , Ruchkin Aleksey , Simachkova Natalya , Chupina Irina
Published: June 2023

The authors of the article consider the features of lending to enterprises of the agro-industrial complex, taking into account the specifics of the risks of this industry. Taking into account the high importance of agriculture and food production for the population and the state from the point of view of agri-food security, the role of state aid in supporting lending is considered separately. The largest bank of the country as one of the main creditors in the agricultural sector was chosen as the object of the study. The authors pay attention to the specific features of the calculation of collateral for a loan, the calculation of the amount of loans from the banking sector in determining the financial stability of the organization.
Zentralvenöse Hämodialysekatheter
Authors: Haag Stefanie
Published: June 2023

Ein signifikanter Anteil der Hämodialysepatient*innen verfügt über einen zentralvenösen Dialysekatheter. Ziel ist es, eine Katheterfunktionsstörungen und eine katheterbedingte Infektion zu vermeiden. Hierbei spielen Blockungslösungen eine wichtige Rolle. Aus einer Vielzahl an Original-Artikeln wurden die Wirksamkeit und die potenziellen Nebenwirkungen von Blockungslösungen bewertet. Es zeigte sich, dass eine niedrig dosierte Heparinlösung (< 5000 U/ml) eine ausreichend wirksame Antikoagulation erreicht. Plasminogenaktivatoren können Katheterthrombosen auflösen. Katheterassoziierte Infektionen können durch ein geeignetes Antibiotikum minimiert werden.
ABC-Büchel„Säuglingsfürsorge“
Authors: David Matthias , Ebert Andreas D.
Published: June 2023

„Mütter, lernt dies ABC/ schützt euer Kind vor
Leid und Weh!“. So steht es auf der ersten Innenseite des Heftchens
„Säuglingsfürsorge“ aus Österreich. Nach
Auskunft der Steiermärkischen Landesdruckerei, die auch heute noch –
mit dem Zusatz „Medienfabrik Graz“ – existiert, wurde das
Heft 1950 dort gedruckt. Weitere Informationen waren mehr als 70 Jahre
später nicht mehr vorhanden. Das vorliegende Exemplar weist Einträge
auf, die zwischen 1952 und 1966 gemacht wurden.
Epidemiology of International Match Injuries in Scottish Rugby: A
Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Bailey Stuart John , Martindale Russell , Engebretsen Lars , Robson James Peter , Palmer Debbie
Published: June 2023

Fifteen-a-side rugby union (“rugby”) is a full-contact sport
played separately by men and women, with large injury incidences reported
previously. Context specific injury surveillance fulfils governing
bodies’ duty of care to understand risks to player welfare, yet no
contemporary match injury epidemiology studies exist for international players
in Scotland. The current study therefore aimed to describe the incidence,
severity, burden and nature of match injuries sustained by Scotland’s
men’s and women’s national teams. A prospective cohort study of
injuries recorded in matches across the 2017/18 and 2018/19
seasons was undertaken, with injury and exposure definitions in line with the
international consensus for injury surveillance in rugby. Injury incidence was
120.0 (men) and 166.7/1,000 player match hours (women), injury severity
was 12.0 (median) and 31.2 days (mean) for men, and 11.0 (median) and 30.2 days
(mean) for women. Injury burden was 3,745 (men) and 5,040 days
absence/1,000 player match hours (women). Concussion was the most common
specific injury for men (22.5/1,000 hours) and women
(26.7/1,000 hours). No statistical differences were found for
incidence or severity measures between sexes. Injury incidence was greater than
recent Rugby World Cup studies. High incidences of concussion reinforces the
need for prevention strategies targeting this injury.
Kurze Fußmuskeln trainieren – Instabiles Sprunggelenk
Authors: Götz Matthias , Riederer Angela , Richter Robert
Published: June 2023

Zur Therapie und Prophylaxe von Sprunggelenkdistorsionen wird meist die extrinsische Fußmuskulatur trainiert. Ein spezielles Training der intrinsischen Fußmuskeln findet kaum statt. Wie wichtig „Short-Foot Exercises“ oder ein Zehentraining nach einem Supinationstrauma sind, zeigt ein Review der Hochschule Furtwangen. Die Kernaussage: Das Trainieren der kurzen Fußmuskeln kann die subjektive Instabilität, Balance, Somatosensibilität und Funktionalität signifikant verbessern. Für Praxistipps ist die Qualität der Evidenz jedoch noch zu gering.
Update Breast Cancer 2023 Part 1 – Early Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Hartkopf Andreas D. , Fehm Tanja N. , Welslau Manfred , Müller Volkmar , Schütz Florian , Fasching Peter A. , Janni Wolfgang , Witzel Isabell , Thomssen Christoph , Beierlein Milena , Belleville Erik , Untch Michael , Thill Marc , Tesch Hans , Ditsch Nina , Lux Michael P. , Aktas Bahriye , Banys-Paluchowski Maggie , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Wöckel Achim , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Harbeck Nadia , Stickeler Elmar , Bartsch Rupert , Schneeweiss Andreas , Ettl Johannes , Würstlein Rachel , Krug David , Taran Florin-Andrei , Lüftner Diana
Published: June 2023

With abemaciclib (monarchE study) and olaparib (OlympiA study) gaining approval in the adjuvant treatment setting, a significant change in the standard of care for patients with early
stage breast cancer has been established for some time now. Accordingly, some diverse developments are slowly being transferred from the metastatic to the adjuvant treatment setting.
Recently, there have also been positive reports of the NATALEE study.

Other clinical studies are currently investigating substances that are already established in the metastatic setting. These include, for example, the DESTINY Breast05 study with
trastuzumab deruxtecan and the SASCIA study with sacituzumab govitecan.

In this review paper, we summarize and place in context the latest developments over the past months.
Validation of broadband infrared normalization in sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy through simultaneous chiral terms on α-quartz crystal
Authors: Li Jia-Jie , Zeng Wei-Wang , Zeng Wen , Zeng Qiong , Zhou Chuanyao , Yang Xueming , Ren Zefeng
Published: June 2023

Sum-frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) has been widely used for characterizing various interfaces. However, obtaining SFG signals with a high signal-to-noise ratio can be challenging for certain interfaces, such as those involving powder particles, which scatter the SFG light and make it difficult to obtain accurate spectra. To address these challenges, we developed a new approach using a z-cut α-quartz crystal as the substrate loaded with a very small amount of powder sample. This approach not only amplifies the SFG signal from particles through the interference of the electric field from the quartz crystal, but also allows for phase reference and normalization of the broadband infrared SFG spectrum. By distinguishing the different polarizations of the SFG light, we were able to separate and simultaneously collect the achiral and chiral SFG signals. We used the chiral SFG signal to normalize the achiral SFG intensity, thereby avoiding any potential changes to the interface caused by loading substances onto the quartz, as well as coincidence differences resulting from the instability of light at different moments. We demonstrated our method by measuring the adsorption of CH3OD on a quartz substrate loaded with MoC nanoparticles. Our approach produced a high signal-to-noise ratio SFG spectrum, regardless of the interface situation.
Negative temperature coefficient of ZnO microwires for cryogenic temperature sensing
Authors: Zhu Hongxi , Jia Juan , Liu Wei , Jiang Di , Li Zhuxin , Shi Zengliang , Cui Qiannan , Liu Bin , Xu Chunxiang
Published: June 2023

Negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors are expected to be developed at cryogenic temperature sensing. In this paper, a kind of cryogenic thermistor was developed based on NTC response of single crystal ZnO microwires (MWs). The current–voltage (I–V) characterization demonstrated a NTC response, which was temperature dependence of resistance that decreased with increasing temperature. A sensitive NTC response, especially at the cryogenic temperature range, was observed. The defects in ZnO MWs play an important role in NTC response; therefore, we studied the origin of NTC effect associated with defects to improve the recognition of relationship between defects and the NTC effect and further optimize the temperature sensor design for high performance. Annealing at 800 °C in air was undertaken to make a significant influence on the concentration of defects in as-grown sample, and a series of temperature-dependent features were investigated by photoluminescence, Raman, XPS, and EPR measurements. The results indicated the zinc interstitials to be effective donors for sensitive NTC effect at the cryogenic region. This study provides insight into the ZnO NTC effect and sensitive cryogenic sensing technology.
Raman scattering spectra of boron imidazolate frameworks containing different magnetic ions
Authors: Davis Jackson , Banerjee Soumyodip , Beccar-Varela Pilar , Thoi V. Sara , Drichko Natalia
Published: June 2023

We present a Raman scattering spectroscopic study of boron imidazolate metal-organic frameworks (BIFs) with three different magnetic metal ions and one non-magnetic in a wide frequency range from 25 to 1700 cm−1, which covers local vibrations of the imidazolate linkers as well as collective lattice vibrations. We show that the spectral region above 800 cm−1 belongs to the local vibrations of the linkers, which have the same frequencies for the studied BIFs without any dependence on the structure of the BIFs and are easily interpreted based on the spectra of imidazolate linkers. In contrast, collective lattice vibrations, observed below 100 cm−1, show a distinction between cage and two-dimensional BIFs structures, with a weak dependence on the metal node. We identify the range of vibrations around 200 cm−1, which are distinct for each metal-organic framework, depending on a metal node. Our work demonstrates the energy hierarchy in the vibrational response of BIFs.
Unveiling the coupling effect of strain behavior and electro-optic property in nanodisordered KTN crystal
Authors: Wen Xing , Wang Yu , Meng Xiangda , Huang Xiaolin , Xing Bohan , Jin Xinyu , Xiong Zuoren , Hu Chengpeng , Tan Peng , Tian Hao
Published: June 2023

High-performance electro-optic (EO) crystals play a key role in optical communication and information processing. Potassium tantalate niobate (KTa1−xNbxO3, KTN) crystals advantageously have an ultrahigh quadratic electro-optic (QEO) coefficient and a wide transparency range, and their excellent QEO properties are closely related to polar nanoregion (PNR)-related polar units. Owing to the PNR-related polar units, KTN crystals have excellent strain properties, which makes them a potential multifunctional material. However, the relationship between strain behavior and QEO properties in nanodisordered KTN crystals has rarely been reported. The promotion of EO activity by regulating the PNRs-related polar units still needs to be studied. Here, we study the coupling effect of strain behavior and QEO properties in KTN crystals. The QEO, elastic-optic, electrostrictive, and elastic coefficients of KTN crystals are characterized, and the strain–QEO property coupling relation is established. The results show that the strain-induced QEO response significantly affects the QEO properties. The existence and response of PNRs near ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transition are demonstrated by variable-temperature x-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. Combined with the heating and cooling QEO response time tests, the response of PNRs is shown to be an important reason for the enhancement of the QEO response of KTN crystals through the promotion of the strain-induced QEO response. This study provides guidance for clarifying the origin of the QEO properties of nanodisordered KTN crystals and is beneficial for further improving the EO properties of perovskite crystals by manipulating the strain behavior.
Universality of trap-induced mobility fluctuations between 1/f noise and random telegraph noise in nanoscale FD-SOI MOSFETs
Authors: Gauthier Owen , Haendler Sébastien , Rafhay Quentin , Theodorou Christoforos
Published: June 2023

Low frequency noise (LFN) and random telegraph noise (RTN) are investigated statistically on nanoscale MOSFETs of 28 nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator technology. The analysis reveals that the mean noise level is well described by the carrier number fluctuations with a correlated mobility fluctuations model. As for the RTN, it is shown that the mean amplitude of signals is driven by correlated mobility fluctuations in strong inversion. The comparison between the extracted parameters of the LFN and RTN analysis demonstrates that the remote Coulomb scattering impact due to the trapped and detrapped charges remains the same on average for this technology, whether it is the average noise spectrum of all devices or the average amplitude of the detected RTN signals.
Stress, burnout, and parenting: a qualitative study of general practice registrars
Authors: Hoffman Rebekah , Mullan Judy , Metusela Christine , Bonney Andrew
Published: June 2023

Background Early career medical professionals experience stress and burnout at higher levels than the wider community. Burnout can arise with competing demands of life and career, which is evident in early career development, where family planning can coincide with specialty training. General practice may be seen as a family friendly career option; however, few studies examine the experience of general practice trainees with stress and burnout and the impact that parenting has on their experience. This study aims to explore the experience of stress and burnout in general practice registrars and the exacerbating and protective factors, with a focus on the experiences of two groups of registrars, those that have children, and those that do not. Methods A qualitative study was conducted with 14 participants, who were interviewed with questions exploring experiences of stress and burnout. Participants were grouped into those with children and those without children. The transcripts were thematically analysed. Results Themes were identified as those that contributed to stress and burnout (such as time, financial concerns and isolation) and those factors that reduced stress and burnout (such as support from others and being respected and valued within the workplace). Parenting was identified as both a factor that could contribute to and reduce stress and burnout. Conclusions Stress and burnout are important foci for future research and policy to ensure the sustainability of general practice. System based and individual focused policies, including individualising training to support parenting, are required to ensure that registrars are supported through their training years and beyond.
Beyond black holes: universal properties of ‘ultra-massive’ spacetimes
Authors: Senovilla José M M
Published: June 2023

It has been long known that in spacetimes with a positive cosmological constant

Λ
>
0

the area of spatially stable marginally trapped surfaces (MTSs) has a finite upper bound given by

4
π

/

Λ

. In this paper I show that any such spacetime containing spatially stable MTSs with area approaching indefinitely that bound acquire universal properties generically. Specifically, they all possess generalized ‘holographic screens’ (i.e. marginally trapped tubes) foliated by MTSs of spherical topology, composed of a dynamical horizon portion and a timelike membrane portion that meet at a distinguished round sphere

S
ˉ

with constant Gaussian curvature

—and thus of maximal area

4
π

/

Λ

. All future (past) generalized holographic screens (GHSs) containing

S
ˉ

change signature at

S
ˉ

, and all of them continue towards the past (future) with non-decreasing (non-increasing) area of their MTSs. A future (past) singularity arises. For the future case, these ‘ultra-massive spacetimes’ Senovilla (2023 Port. Math.
80 133–55) may be more powerful than black holes (BHs), as they can overcome the repulsive Λ-force and render the spacetime as a collapsing Universe without event horizon enclosing those GHSs. It is remarkable that these behaviours do not arise if Λ is non-positive. The results have radical implications on BH mergers and on very compact objects accreting mass from their surroundings—if

Λ
>
0

.
Spatial distribution of electric field measurement system: straight characterization of one or more original electric field sources in association with a new triaxial sensor
Authors: Roblin Matthieu , Robbes Didier , Allégre Gilles , Mareschal Olivier , Denoual Matthieu
Published: June 2023

Several original point charge like electric field sources and a new tri-axial capacitive based electric field sensor have been designed to be associated together to build a new instrument able to characterize the electrical properties of the environment. The paper presents two fundamental features of the target electric imaging instrument: the characterization of the constituent parts of the system and the validation of the low-level data processing functions. The original electric field sources are composed of several conductive spheres with conical support so that they can be assimilated to point charges. The various arrangements of the sources can generate monopolar or multipolar electric fields. The tri-axial sensor is is integrated in a 2D scanning setup and used to map simultaneously the three components of the electric field generated by original electric field sources composed of several conductive spheres. The measured electric field images are compared to images calculated with an analytical model using the method of image charges. The agreement between measured electric field images and model validates both the original design of the sources and the geometrical features of the sensor which opens the door to application such as the detection of non-conductive buried object and smart detection with autoconfiguration.
Aerodynamic noise control with an acoustic metasurface comprising an array of low-flow-sensitivity Helmholtz resonators
Authors: Li Min , Wu Jiuhui
Published: June 2023

We report the design, simulation, and experimental testing of an acoustic metasurface made from an array of low-flow-sensitivity Helmholtz resonators (LFSHRs). The low flow-sensitivity of sound attenuation reflects two aspects, one is the low sensitivity of the impedance peak magnitude attributed to the increase of the flow velocity at the interface resulted from the stronger vortexes inside the multi-hole neck, and the other is the low sensitivity of the impedance peak frequency due to the increased acoustic mass from the strengthened cavity-main flow interaction. Using this metasurface, the increment of both the magnitude and frequency of the impedance peak caused by the increasing fluid flow could be reduced by more than 70.5% and 93.8% respectively compared with that of the Helmholtz resonator (HR), which could be further minimized by parameter optimization. This low-flow-sensitivity acoustic metasurface proposed has great potential applications for aerodynamic noise control.
Quenched Galaxies are Important Host Candidates of Binary Black Hole and Binary Neutron Star Mergers
Authors: Gong Xiaobo , Zhang Feng-Hui , Kang Xiaoyu , Li Lifang
Published: June 2023

In this work, we present the probabilities of mergers of binary black holes (BBHs) and binary neutron stars (BNSs) as functions of stellar mass, metallicity, specific star formation rate (sSFR), and age for galaxies with redshift z ≤ 0.1. Using the binary-star evolution (BSE) code and some fitting formulae, we construct a phenomenological model of cosmic gravitational wave (GW) merger events. By using the Bayesian analysis method and the observations from Advanced LIGO and Virgo, we obtain the relevant parameters of the phenomenological model (such as the maximum black hole mass is

93

−
22

+
73

M

⊙

). Combining the above model results with the galaxy catalog given by the EMERGE empirical galaxy model, we find the normalized probability of occurrence of a merger event varying with

log

10

(
sSFR

/

yr

−
1

)

for galaxies with z ≤ 0.1 is different from that in previous studies, that is, two peaks exist in this work while there is only one peak (log10(sSFR/yr −1) = −10) in the previous work. The sSFR value corresponding to the new peak is log10(sSFR/yr −1) = −12 and in line with the value (

log

10

(
sSFR

/

yr

−
1

)
=
−

12.65

−
0.66

+
0.44

) of NGC 4493, the host galaxy of BNS merger event GW170817. The new peak is caused by today’s quenched galaxies, which give a large contribution to the total SFR at high redshift in the EMERGE empirical galaxy model. Moreover, we find that the BNS mergers are most likely detected in galaxies with age ∼11 Gyr, which is greater than previous results (6−8 Gyr) and close to the age of NGC 4993,

13.2

−
0.9

+
0.5

Gyr.
Convergence of the integral fluctuation theorem estimator for nonequilibrium Markov systems
Authors: Coghi Francesco , Buffoni Lorenzo , Gherardini Stefano
Published: June 2023

The integral fluctuation theorem (IFT) for entropy production is among the few equalities that are known to be valid for physical systems arbitrarily driven far from equilibrium. Microscopically, it can be understood as an inherent symmetry for the fluctuating entropy production rate implying the second law of thermodynamics. Here, we examine an IFT statistical estimator based on regular sampling and discuss its limitations for nonequilibrium systems, when sampling rare events becomes pivotal. Furthermore, via a large deviation study, we discuss a method to carefully setup an experiment in the parameter region where the IFT estimator safely converges and also show how to improve the convergence region for Markov chains with finite correlation time. We corroborate our arguments with two illustrative examples.
Beam reference orbit compensation for the HLS-II storage ring
Authors: Wang G.L. , Wang S.W. , Chen K.M. , Xuan K. , Hosaka M. , Liu G.F. , Feng G.Y. , Xu W.
Published: June 2023

The stability of the beam orbit is essential for a storage ring based light source. An orbit feedback system is usually adopted to help maintain the beam circulating on a reference orbit. The movement and deformation of the Beam Position Monitor (BPM) chambers due to thermal effect can affect the BPM readings. The BPM misreading leads to shift of the reference orbit for the orbit feedback system. The feedback system then corrects the beam to a different closed orbit, resulting in a change in the real beam orbit. Online experiments are carried out to measure the BPM readings dependency on the temperature of BPM chambers in the Hefei Light Source II (HLS-II) storage ring. To improve the beam orbit stability, a compensation system is developed to mitigate the reference orbit shift accordingly. With this compensation system, the stability of the reference orbit is improved to be better than 10 μm in the horizontal plane and 5 μm in the vertical plane. This paper reports our work on the measurement of BPM readings dependency and the development of the reference orbit compensation system for the HLS-II storage ring. The online compensation results are also presented.
Reduced terrestrial evaporation increases atmospheric water vapor by generating cloud feedbacks
Authors: Laguë M M , Quetin G R , Boos W R
Published: June 2023

Reduced terrestrial evaporation directly warms the surface by reducing latent cooling, but also indirectly modifies surface climate by altering atmospheric processes. We use a global climate model to explore two end cases of terrestrial evaporation, comparing the climate of SwampLand, a world where land is always fully saturated with water, to that of DesertLand, where land is always completely lacking in soil moisture. When we suppress evaporation to create a desert-like planet, we find that temperatures increase and precipitation decreases in the global mean. We find an increase in atmospheric water vapor over both land and ocean in the DesertLand simulation. Suppressing evaporative cooling over the continents reduces continental cloud cover, allowing more energy input to the surface and increasing surface moist static energy over land. The residence time of atmospheric water vapor increases by about 50 percent. Atmospheric feedbacks such as changes in air temperatures and cloud cover contribute larger changes to the terrestrial surface energy budget than the direct effect of suppressed evaporation alone. Without the cloud feedback, the land surface still warms with suppressed land evaporation, but total atmospheric water vapor decreases, and the anomalous atmospheric circulations over the continents are much shallower than in simulations with cloud changes; that is, the cloud feedback changes the sign of the water vapor response. This highlights the importance of accounting for atmospheric feedbacks when exploring land surface change impacts on the climate system.
External magnetic field non-invasively stimulates spinal cord regeneration in rat via a magnetic-responsive aligned fibrin hydrogel
Authors: Yang Chun-Yi , Meng Zhe , Yang Kaiyuan , He Zhijun , Hou Zhaohui , Yang Jia , Lu Jingsong , Cao Zheng , Yang Shuhui , Chai Yi , Zhao He , Zhao Lingyun , Sun Xiaodan , Wang Guihuai , Wang Xiumei
Published: June 2023

Magnetic stimulation is becoming an attractive approach to promote neuroprotection, neurogenesis, axonal regeneration, and functional recovery in both the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system disorders owing to its painless, non-invasive, and deep penetration characteristics. Here, a magnetic-responsive aligned fibrin hydrogel (MAFG) was developed to import and amplify the extrinsic magnetic field (MF) locally to stimulate spinal cord regeneration in combination with the beneficial topographical and biochemical cues of aligned fibrin hydrogel (AFG). Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were embedded uniformly in AFG during electrospinning to endow it magnetic-responsive feature, with saturation magnetization of 21.79 emu g−1. It is found that the MNPs under the MF could enhance cell proliferation and neurotrophin secretion of PC12 cells in vitro. The MAFG that was implanted into a rat with 2 mm complete transected spinal cord injury (SCI) effectively enhanced neural regeneration and angiogenesis in the lesion area, thus leading to significant recovery of motor function under the MF (MAFG@MF). This study suggests a new multimodal tissue engineering strategy based on multifunctional biomaterials that deliver multimodal regulatory signals with the integration of aligned topography, biochemical cues, and extrinsic MF stimulation for spinal cord regeneration following severe SCI.
Matrices representable as product of conjugates of a singular matrix
Authors: Jain S. , Leroy André
Published: June 2023

Using semigroup techniques, J. Araújo and F.C. Silva [Commun. Algebra 28, No. 8 (2000), 3679–3689] proved that a singular matrix

B
∈

M
n

(
F
)

B\in M_n(F)

with coefficients in a field

F
F

is a product of conjugates of any matrix

A
A

with

rank
⁡
(
B
)
≤
rank
⁡
(
A
)

\operatorname {rank}(B)\le \operatorname {rank}(A)

. We prove this result over an algebraically closed field, in an elementary short way.
UV-B promotes flavonoid biosynthesis in Ginkgo biloba by inducing the GbHY5-GbMYB1-GbFLS module
Authors: Liu Sian , Gu Xiaoyin , Jiang Yanbing , Wang Lu , Xiao Nan , Chen Yadi , Jin Biao , Wang Li , Li Weixing
Published: June 2023

Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo) leaves have medicinal value due to their high levels of secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids. We found that the flavonoid content in ginkgo leaves increases significantly at high altitudes (Qinghai-Tibet Plateau). Considering that high UV-B radiation is among the key environmental characteristics of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, we carried out simulated UV-B treatments on ginkgo seedlings and found that the flavonoid content of the leaves increased significantly following the treatments. Combined with results from our previous studies, we determined that the transcription factor GbHY5 may play a key role in responses to UV-B radiation. Overexpression of GbHY5 significantly promoted the accumulation of flavonoids in both ginkgo callus and Arabidopsis thaliana. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid and real-time quantitative PCR showed that GbHY5 promoted the expression of GbMYB1 by interacting with GbMYB1 protein. Overexpression of GbMYB1 in ginkgo callus and A. thaliana also significantly promoted flavonoid biosynthesis. GbFLS encodes a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis, and its promoter has binding elements of GbHY5 and GbMYB1. A dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that while GbHY5 and GbMYB1 activated the expression of GbFLS individually, their co-expression achieved greater activation. Our analyses reveal the molecular mechanisms by which the UV-B-induced GbHY5-GbMYB1-GbFLS module promotes flavonoid biosynthesis in ginkgo, and they provide insight into the use of UV-B radiation to enhance the flavonoid content of ginkgo leaves.
When Fields Are Destabilized: Mobilizing Gendered Capital to Resolve Hysteresis
Authors: Velagaleti Sunaina R , Epp Amber M
Published: June 2023

In the fight for legitimacy, understanding the rules of status games is critical. This idea holds true in the wedding marketplace. However, when legalization of marriage for same-sex couples disrupted the binary wedding script, the rules of the game became less clear to consumers. Couples sometimes found their gendered bodies, roles, and expressions were out of sync with the evolving script of a destabilized wedding field, thus raising legitimacy questions. This situation is defined as hysteresis—meaning delays in the realignment between habitus and the field. Hysteresis results in consumers’ disorientation about what forms of capital are valued as well as perceived absences of materials or recognition from the market. This study investigates consumers’ attempts to mobilize gendered capital to resolve hysteresis through realignment of habitus and the script. Grounded in a Bourdieuian field-level analysis of depth interviews with 30 same-sex couples and ethnographic observation in the wedding field, four consumption alignment strategies are identified that consumers leverage to address hysteresis: confronting, masking, collaborating, and experimenting. Consumers’ variations in gendered capital explain which consumption alignment strategies they use, with different possibilities for updating habitus and expanding the script. Throughout this process, consumers’ moral judgments hinder this pursuit.
GEOFABRICS LTD v FIBERWEB GEOSYNTHETICS LTD
Authors:   Patents Court
Published: June 2023

H1 Patents — Infringement — Geocomposites — Injunctions — Permanent injunctive relief granted at trial but stayed pending appeal — Appeal unsuccessful — New product not the subject of the infringement action — Pending DNI proceedings — Whether injunction should be stayed or modified in the interim
PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS OF A REAL WORLD REGISTRY OF AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING: DATA FROM THE NEW HUNGARIAN ABPM REGISTRY
Authors: Jarai Zoltan , Nemcsik Janos , Pall Denes , Takacs Johanna , Koller Akos
Published: June 2023

Objective:

Current European guidelines recommend ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring (ABPM) for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with known or suspected hypertension. Thus in 2021 the Hungarian Society of Hypertension initiated a nationwide registry in order to evaluate ABPM indications and patient characteristics.

Design and method:

This is an ongoing, multicenter, open-label, observational study. Data collection to an electronic case report form is performed by GPs, internists and cardiologists. For ABPM measurements Meditech-ABPM-06 monitors are used. Data of the current analysis were collected between 21.02.2021-5.10.2022. 15 835 ABPMs were performed; due to missing data or protocol deviation 1018 patients were excluded from the analysis.

Results:

10 212 patients were known and treated hypertensives (HT), and 4 571 were newly diagnosed or suspected hypertensives (nHT) (69% and 31%, respectively; females: 51.1%, males 48.9%). 76% of the nHTs were untreated. They were 12 years younger than HT patients (46.7 ± 13.9 and 59.1 ± 13.9 years old, respectively p<0.001). Besides high BP, other atherosclerotic risk factors and comorbidities were less frequent in nHT patients than in HT patients: dyslipidemia was known only in 11.8% vs. 28.7%, obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) in 32.2% vs. 40.3%, diabetes 2.7% vs. 13.1%, coronary heart disease in 0.8% vs. 9.6% of patients, respectively. In the HT group compared to the nHT group there were more cerebrovascular (3.3% vs 0.8%, p<0.001) and peripheral arterial diseases (1.8% vs 0.4%, p<0.001). In both groups the main indication of ABPM was high (62%) or labile (39.5%) home BP values. More ABPMs were performed in the nHT group because of the suspicion of white-coat- (19.2% vs. 9.0%, p<0.001), or masked hypertension (3.9% vs. 0.9%, p<0.001). Hypertension was diagnosed by the largest percentage in patients with suspected resistant hypertension (83%) and by the lowest percentage with suspected nocturnal hypertension (57%).

Conclusions:

The major indications for ABPM are the high or labile home BP values. Among nHTs suspected white coat hypertension is the third most important indication for ABPM, while in HT patients the follow up of therapies. Additional risk factors and comorbidities are less known in nHTs.