bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying Human Factors to Modify and Design Healthcare Workspaces and Processes in Response to COVID-19
Authors: Martel Jessica , Dembicki Jared , Bubric Katherine
Published: February 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to present unique challenges to healthcare organizations around the world. Members of a provincial Human Factors team supported several workspace design projects prompted by the pandemic. This article highlights some of the challenges identified in a selection of these projects. It also presents the human factors methods and recommendations that were used to improve workspace designs, processes, and patient safety in healthcare environments.
Mental Health Resilience in the Journalism Curriculum
Authors: Markovikj Marijana , Serafimovska Eleonora
Published: February 2023

Reporting on trauma is part of the journalists’ job, and it needs to be conducted with care for their mental health of the interviewees and audiences. Data from focus groups and online survey with journalism students in Macedonia identified that: reporting on traumatic events can affect mental health; education can be a factor for coping and building resilience; educators lack adequate training; there are no adequate teaching materials in journalism courses at faculties; and at the end, students are not equipped with strategies and skills for dealing with trauma when reporting on trauma.
Goodbye, Gender Stereotypes? Trait Attributions to Politicians in 11 Years of News Coverage
Authors: Andrich Aliya , Bachl Marko , Domahidi Emese
Published: February 2023

In this study, we examine gender differences in political news coverage to determine whether the media employ stereotypical traits in portrayals of 1,095 U.S. politicians. Using a sample of over 5 million U.S. news stories published from 2010 to 2020, we study the media’s attribution of gender-linked ( feminine, masculine) and political ( leadership, competence, integrity, empathy) traits to U.S. politicians and present new longitudinal evidence for political gender stereotyping in the news. Our findings show that certain gender differences are present in news coverage (e.g., physical traits), some of which have remained unchanged over the past decade (e.g., integrity traits).
The Impact of Mobile Payment on Hedonic Preference
Authors: Yu Yining , Peng Xixian , Wang Lei
Published: February 2023

With the progress of high technologies in payment systems, the usage rate of mobile payment is rapidly growing worldwide. However, whether mobile payment influences consumers’ choices between hedonic and utilitarian products, an important question in the field of consumer well-being research, has not been fully investigated. To address this research gap, the authors examine the influence of mobile payment and traditional payment methods (e.g., cash payment, card payment) on consumers’ preferences for hedonic products. They find that mobile payment triggers consumers’ hedonic mindset, which increases consumers’ preferences for hedonic products. The effect is moderated by mobile device type such that the effect is weaker for smart wearable (vs. mobile phone) payment because smart wearable devices are less associated with a hedonic mindset. This study offers novel insight into the effect of high technologies in payment systems, specifically mobile payment, on consumer well-being and calls for more investigation of the effects of mobile payment.
B-mode ultrasound and colour Doppler findings in cats with gastric lymphoma
Authors: Quinci Manuela , Pey Pascaline , Diana Alessia , De Jesus Antonia , Penninck Dominique
Published: February 2023

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to describe B-mode and colour Doppler ultrasound (US) features of gastric lymphoma in cats.

Methods

Cats with histopathological or cytological confirmation of gastric lymphoma that underwent abdominal US were included in this retrospective study. Clinical signs were recorded and radiographs reviewed when available. Gastric lesions were ultrasonographically evaluated for location, distribution, wall layering, echogenicity and thickness. Colour Doppler assessment was based on vessels, location and direction.

Results

Forty-five cats were included. All presented with vomiting, 7/45 (15.5%) with haematemesis. Radiographs were available in 27/45 cases, and demonstrated a gastric mass in 19/27 (70.4%) cases. The most common US appearance was transmural wall thickening with absent layering 42/45 (93.3%) and hypoechogenicity 39/45 (86.7%). Median maximum thickness was 2.1 cm. Ulceration or erosion was suspected in 23/45 (51%) cases, two of which perforated. Colour Doppler images were available in 33/45 cases. The most common Doppler finding was transmural vessels coursing perpendicularly to the lumen in 14/33 (42.4%). Abdominal effusion was uncommon (n = 11/45; 24.4%). Regional lymphadenopathy was frequent, observed in 44/54 lymph nodes reviewed on US, and US suspicion of splenic, hepatic and intestinal lymphomatous infiltration was reported in 24/45 (53.3%) cases.

Conclusions and relevance

The most common US appearance of gastric lymphoma was transmural hypoechoic segmental wall thickening with layering loss. Location and distribution were variable. Colour Doppler displayed increased blood supply with a predominant pattern of perpendicular vessels, possibly representing aberrant arteries originating from subserosal and submucosal plexus. Lymphomatous infiltration of lymph nodes and other abdominal organs was frequent, confirming local and distant aggressiveness of gastric lymphoma in cats. Vomiting and haematemesis were frequently associated with the suspicion of ulcer on US. Perforation was a rare occurrence.
Flexural behavior and microstructural material properties of sandwich foam core under arctic temperature conditions
Authors: Aowad Mikayla , Banik Arnob , Zhang Chao , Kaiser Isaiah , Khan Mahfujul Haque , Alves Almeida Ana Clecia , Lazarenko Daria , Khabaz Fardin , Tan Kwek-Tze
Published: February 2023

This study investigates three types of foam core materials used in composite sandwich structures at various densities: H60, H100, F50, F90, PN115, PN200 and PN250. Three-point bending test is conducted to determine relationships between material and flexural properties at both room and low temperature Arctic conditions. X-ray micro-computed tomography is utilized to observe the microstructural relationships between foam density and mechanical properties of the core. This study evaluates Arctic temperature effects on mechanical properties for various types of foam core at varying densities with the intention for future Arctic applications. Although foam core materials become more brittle at a lower temperature, their flexural stiffness and flexural strength are further increased. However, due to the enhanced brittleness, the energy required for fracture is significantly reduced at low temperature conditions. This study utilizes statistical analysis to create contour plots and linear regression equations to predict flexural properties as a function of temperature and foam density. Molecular dynamics simulation is employed to verify experimental results to elucidate the effect of temperature on material behavior. This work provides a deeper understanding of how flexural strength relates to foam density, adding to existing data on foam strength properties under compressive, shear and tensile loads.
Validation and updating of the Older Person’s Emergency Risk Assessment (OPERA) score to predict outcomes for hip fracture patients
Authors: Arjan Khushal , Weetman Stefan , Hodgson Luke
Published: February 2023

Introduction:

Hip fractures are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in older people. Accurate risk stratification is important for planning of care, informed decision-making and communication with patients and relatives. The Older Persons’ Emergency Risk Assessment (OPERA) score is a risk stratification score for older people admitted to hospital. Our aims were to validate OPERA in hip fracture patients, update the score and compare performance with the Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS).

Methods:

This dual-centre 3-year observational study (2016–2018) included acutely admitted hip fracture patients managed surgically aged ⩾65 years. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included residence at 120 days and 1-year mortality. Model performance was assessed using area under the curve (AUC) analysis and Brier scores (discrimination) and calibration curves. The OPERA score was updated using regression analysis with additional independent predictors and validated using bootstrap analysis.

Results:

2142 patients (median age 86 [80–91] years) were included with a 30-day mortality of 5.2% and a 1-year mortality of 31.4%. 30-day mortality AUC for OPERA was 0.75 (95% CI, 0.73–0.77) and for NHFS 0.68 (0.65–0.70). For 1-year mortality AUC for OPERA was 0.74 (0.73–0.75) and for NHFS 0.70 (0.69–0.71). The OPERA Score was updated to Hip-OPERA, including ASA grade. Hip-OPERA demonstrated an AUC for 30-day mortality of 0.77 (0.73–0.81) and an AUC for 1-year mortality of 0.76 (0.75–0.77). AUC for new residential care status at 120 days was 0.79 (0.78–0.80).

Conclusions:

Hip-OPERA demonstrated superior discrimination to the NHFS and OPERA for 30-day mortality, 1-year mortality and residence at 120 days following hip fracture. External validation is desirable.
Malposition of the central venous catheter secondary to accessory hemiazygos vein variant
Authors: Hajeh Haidar , Garcia Austin , Mishra Shikha , Radicic Kasey
Published: February 2023

A 36-year-old female with sickle cell disease presented with sickle cell pain crisis. After failure to establish peripheral venous access, an internal jugular central venous catheter (CVC) was placed. Confirmation of internal jugular cannulation was performed with bedside ultrasound. A confirmatory chest X-ray revealed an unusual position of the catheter, taking a course inferiorly, making a loop and remaining on the left side of the mediastinum. A lateral view was done and revealed that the catheter passed inferiorly through the internal jugular vein then posteriorly and inferiorly giving the looped appearance. This is better delineated on a sagittal view CT scan showing the tip of the catheter terminating in the accessory hemiazygos vein. This unusual course is due to a variant of the accessory hemiazygos vein which is connected to the left superior intercostal vein. This creates a lower resistance pathway for the CVC which passes from the internal jugular vein, down the left superior intercostal vein (instead of the left brachiocephalic vein) and into the accessory hemiazygos vein. Discussion: The correct tip placement of an internal jugular CVC terminates in the superior vena cava just above the cardiac silhouette. In 1%–2% of individuals, a connection between the accessory hemiazygos and the left superior intercostal vein is present. Rare cases are discovered incidentally during CVC placement. The diameter of the accessory hemiazygos vein is less than half of that of the superior vena cava. The catheter should not be used as central venous access and removal is recommended. Malpositioning of central catheters is unpredictable but can be easily avoided by using intraprocedural methods to confirm tip position. Such modalities include intracavitary ECG or ultrasound with agitated saline injection as described in the SIC (Safe Insertion of Centrally Inserted Central Catheters) protocol.
Sex differences in early autism screening using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up (M-CHAT-R/F)
Authors: Eldeeb Sherief Y , Ludwig Natasha N , Wieckowski Andrea Trubanova , Dieckhaus Mary FS , Algur Yasemin , Ryan Victoria , Dufek Sarah , Stahmer Aubyn , Robins Diana L
Published: February 2023

Males are more likely to be diagnosed with autism than females, and at earlier ages, yet few studies examine sex differences in screening. This study explored sex differences in psychometric properties, recommended cutoff scores, and overall scores of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up. Participants were 28,088 toddlers enrolled in four early detection of autism studies. Children ( N = 731) at high likelihood for autism attended evaluations after screening and/or primary care clinician concern. Females were less likely to screen at high likelihood for autism at each stage of screening and therefore less likely to be invited for evaluations. Positive predictive value was significantly lower among females than males, but sensitivity was similar. False positive females were likely to have another developmental delay. Cutoff scores for males and females matched recommended guidelines. Final scores on the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up did not differ between males and females diagnosed with autism, but did for the overall sample identified at high likelihood for autism. Our findings suggest that females are less likely to be referred for evaluations, but the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up accurately identifies both males and females with autism at established cutoffs. Future research should examine methods to reduce false positive in females.

Lay abstract

This study examined a widely used autism screening tool, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up to identify differences in screening for autism between toddler males and females. Examining sex differences in screening for autism in toddlerhood is important as it determines who will be referred for evaluations and receive diagnoses, which is critical for access to autism-specific early intervention. This study found that females were less likely to screen positive and be invited for evaluations compared with males. Females at high likelihood for autism were less likely to be diagnosed with autism, which decreases confidence in the screener’s results. Importantly, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised, with Follow-Up accurately identified both males and females with autism. Future research should examine ways to improve accuracy in screening results for females.
Team engagement for boosting team innovative behaviour in small and medium enterprises: An integrating framework of attitudinal and trait-related determinants
Authors: Ababneh Omar Mohammed Ali
Published: February 2023

Today, enterprises are devoting a burgeoning interest in fostering team innovative behaviour at the workplace. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to bring together two lines of engagement enquiry (individual and team), leaning on similar theoretical veins and ontologies; however, exploring the interrelationship between these two constructs has received scant attention. Towards that end, a survey questionnaire was developed to collect data from 547 employees working for SMEs operating in Jordan. The findings revealed that team engagement mediates individual engagement and team innovative behaviour. Further, the findings indicated a positive moderating effect of the variation in team's relationship-oriented traits on the individual-team engagement association. Interestingly, the hypothesis proposing a moderating influence of the variation in the team's task-oriented traits was not statistically supported. This study provides an unprecedented progress to the scholarly conversation revolving around the neoteric influence of employee engagement and team innovative behaviour. The newfangled theoretical model links employee engagement theory with team innovative behaviours through the moderation effects of team personality compositions.
Gorz and Stiegler: Politics, ecology and the Neganthropocene
Authors: Abbinnett Ross
Published: February 2023

The article explores the relationship between André Gorz’s account of the possibility of a deproletarianised regime of labour and Bernard Stiegler’s theory of the Neganthropocene. Gorz’s formulation of the impact of computer and robotic systems on the turnover of capital was, I will argue, a turning point in the way critical theory conceived the social implications of technology. His account of the supervenience of work and culture over the sphere of production forms the basis of the fundamental questions about life, creativity, and freedom that have emerged in the digital age. The paper will show that it is this notion of a fragile and disputed supervenience that is re-formulated and extended in Stiegler’s account of the Neganthropocene, particularly in his account of the fate of reflexive culture under the regime of global-digital capitalisation.
Power logit regression for modeling bounded data
Authors: Queiroz Francisco F. , Ferrari Silvia L. P.
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this article is to introduce a new class of regression models for bounded continuous data, commonly encountered in applied research. The models, named the power logit regression models, assume that the response variable follows a distribution in a wide, flexible class of distributions with three parameters, namely, the median, a dispersion parameter and a skewness parameter. The article offers a comprehensive set of tools for likelihood inference and diagnostic analysis, and introduces the new R package PLreg. Applications with real and simulated data show the merits of the proposed models, the statistical tools, and the computational package.
Adenosine Receptor A2B Antagonist Inhibits the Metastasis of Gastric Cancer Cells and Enhances the Efficacy of Cisplatin
Authors: Wang Honghong , Tan Fengmei , Xu Yuanyi , Ma Yanmei , Li Yan , Xiao Hongyan
Published: February 2023

Adenosine receptors play a key role in cancer progression. This study investigated the effect of the adenosine A2B receptor (ADORA2B) on epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and cell metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) cells. Public databases were used to investigate the specificity of ADORA2B expression in GC tissue. We used immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to detect ADORA2B expression in GC tissue, paracancerous tissue, and metastatic greater omental tissue. AGS and HGC-27 GC cells were selected. The effect of ADORA2B on the invasion and migration of GC cells was examined using cell scratch and transwell assays. The effect of ADORA2B on the expression of EMT marker proteins (β-catenin, N-cadherin, and vimentin) in GC cells was measured by cellular immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Western blot. The effects of an ADORA2B inhibitor combined with cisplatin on EMT markers in GC cells were further explored. The expression levels of ADORA2B in GC tissue, metastatic greater omental tissue, and lymphatic metastasis tissue were significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissue, and ADORA2B was associated with lymph node metastasis and invasion. ADORA2B significantly regulated the invasion and migration ability of GC cells and the expression levels of EMT marker proteins. The combination of an ADORA2B antagonist (PSB-603) and cisplatin had a more significant effect on reversing the expression of EMT marker proteins. ADORA2B was overexpressed in GC tissue, metastatic greater omental tissue, and metastatic lymph node tissue. ADORA2B regulated the expression of EMT marker proteins in GC cells and affected GC cell metastasis. Antagonizing ADORA2B expression increased the efficacy of cisplatin treatment.
Stroke Lesion Volume and Injury to Motor Cortex Output Determines Extent of Contralesional Motor Cortex Reorganization
Authors: Buetefisch Cathrin M. , Haut Marc W. , Revill Kate P. , Shaeffer Scott , Edwards Lauren , Barany Deborah A. , Belagaje Samir R. , Nahab Fadi , Shenvi Neeta , Easley Kirk
Published: February 2023

Background

After stroke, increases in contralesional primary motor cortex (M1CL) activity and excitability have been reported. In pre-clinical studies, M1CL reorganization is related to the extent of ipsilesional M1 (M1IL) injury, but this has yet to be tested clinically.

Objectives

We tested the hypothesis that the extent of damage to the ipsilesional M1 and/or its corticospinal tract (CST) determines the magnitude of M1CL reorganization and its relationship to affected hand function in humans recovering from stroke.

Methods

Thirty-five participants with a single subacute ischemic stroke affecting M1 or CST and hand paresis underwent MRI scans of the brain to measure lesion volume and CST lesion load. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of M1IL was used to determine the presence of an electromyographic response (motor evoked potential (MEP+ and MEP−)). M1CL reorganization was determined by TMS applied to M1CL at increasing intensities. Hand function was quantified with the Jebsen Taylor Hand Function Test.

Results

The extent of M1CL reorganization was related to greater lesion volume in the MEP− group, but not in the MEP+ group. Greater M1CL reorganization was associated with more impaired hand function in MEP− but not MEP+ participants. Absence of an MEP (MEP−), larger lesion volumes and higher lesion loads in CST, particularly in CST fibers originating in M1 were associated with greater impairment of hand function.

Conclusions

In the subacute post-stroke period, stroke volume and M1IL output determine the extent of M1CL reorganization and its relationship to affected hand function, consistent with pre-clinical evidence. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02544503
A Randomized Trial of Preoperative Planning of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Using Cardiac Computed Tomography Angiography
Authors: Wang Meixiang , Li Wei , Ruan Zhongbao , Zhu Li , Gao Runfeng , Zhao Juan
Published: February 2023

Objective. To evaluate the value of individualized planning of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) using cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) reconstruction techniques. Methods. A total of 96 patients treated for LAAO with the Watchman occluder were included in this study. All patients were randomized by random number table in a 2:1 ratio into the CCTA (+) and CCTA (−) groups according to whether CCTA was performed preoperatively. 3D cardiac reconstruction was performed preoperatively in the CCTA (+) group to plan the location of the atrial septal puncture site, left atrial appendage(LAA) landing zone, predict the size of the occluder and simulate occluder release. In the CCTA(−) group, only transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and fluoroscopy were used to guide LAAO. Results. The number of occluders used in a single procedure (1.06 ± .24 vs 1.22 ± .42), the number of intraoperative angiography positions (1.23 ± .58 vs 2.28 ± .85) and the procedure time (45.88 ± 5.08 vs 62.44 ± 5.60) in the CCTA(+) group were lower than in the CCTA(−) group ( P < .05), and the first-attempt blocking success rate was higher than that of the CCTA(−) group (85.9% vs 65.6%, P = .021). Furthermore, the Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement between the longest diameter of the CCTA-predicted landing zone and the longest diameter of the actual landing zone (95% LoA −7.49, 10.24). A strong positive correlation was observed between the predicted compression ratio and the actual compression ratio (r = .890, P < .001). In addition, a strong positive correlation was found between the CCTA-predicted longest diameter of the landing zone and the actual occluder size (r = .863, P < .001). Conclusion. Accurate planning for LAAO using preoperative CCTA can reduce intraoperative angiography positions and occluder changes, shorten the procedure time, increase the success rate of first-attempt blocking and reduce the difficulty of the procedure.
Robot-Assisted Resection of Left Ventricular Papillary Fibroelastoma Arising From the Mitral Chordal Apparatus
Authors: Mitchell Kyle G. , Podgorsek Blaz , Fiorito Diego E. , Abreu Juan A. , Ramzy Danny
Published: February 2023

The application of robot-assisted thoracoscopy to cardiac surgery affords an opportunity to leverage the exceptional intraoperative exposure, visualization, and dexterity of the robotic platform. Here, we report the case of a 72-year-old woman who presented to our institution for evaluation of a left ventricular mass that was identified following workup for an embolic event. We present an intraoperative video that provides technical details of the robot-assisted resection of the lesion, which was found to be a left ventricular papillary fibroelastoma arising from the mitral chordal apparatus. This case highlights the advantages provided by the robotic platform, which permitted complete, minimally invasive surgical excision of the lesion while minimizing the burden of surgical trauma.
“If People Were Told About the Cancer, They’d Want to Get Vaccinated”: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs About HPV Vaccination Among Mid-Adult Men
Authors: Alaraj Raneem A. , Brown Brandon , Polonijo Andrea N.
Published: February 2023

In 2018, nine-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine eligibility expanded to include adults aged 27 to 45. This study aimed to identify knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KABs) about HPV and HPV vaccination among newly eligible mid-adult men, for whom uptake in adolescence and younger adulthood remains suboptimal. We conducted six virtual focus groups ( N = 34 participants) with unvaccinated men aged 27 to 45 living in Southern California’s Inland Empire. Data were systematically analyzed to identify emergent themes using the rigorous and accelerated data reduction technique. The sample of men was diverse (79% Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, Asian, or mixed race/ethnicity; 26% gay or bisexual) and captured participants from across the socioeconomic spectrum. Eighty-eight percent of participants had never received a provider recommendation to be vaccinated against HPV. Many had unanswered questions about HPV and HPV vaccination, could not recall any HPV-related cancers that affect men, and were unaware of their current eligibility for vaccination. Embarrassment and stigma surrounding vaccination against a sexually transmitted infection, concerns about vaccine side effects and safety, and preferences for preventing HPV via “safer sex” and monogamy were salient barriers to vaccination. Nevertheless, many men were eager to learn more about HPV vaccination and engage with health care providers around that topic. Interventions aimed at improving men’s knowledge, changing social norms, and supporting health providers to identify HPV vaccine-eligible patients may be especially fruitful for facilitating shared clinical decision-making between mid-adult men and their health care providers.
Harmonizing Qualitative Data Across Multiple Health Systems to Identify Quality Improvement Interventions: A Methodological Framework Using PROSPR II Cervical Research Center Data as Exemplar
Authors: Higashi Robin T. , Kruse Gina , Richards Julie , Sood Anubha , Chen Patricia M. , Quirk Lisa , Kramer Justin , Tiro Jasmin A. , Tuzzio Leah , Haas Jennifer S. , Figueroa Gray Marlaine , Lee Simon C.
Published: February 2023

Background: Heterogeneity in healthcare systems’ organizational structures, policies and decisions influences practice implementation and care delivery. While quantitative data harmonization has been used to compare outcomes, few have conducted cross-site qualitative inquiry of healthcare delivery; thus, little is known about how to harmonize qualitative data across multiple settings. Objective: We illustrate a methodological approach for a theory-driven qualitative data harmonization process for the PROSPR II Cervical Research Center, a large multi-site, mixedmethods study evaluating cervical cancer screening across three diverse healthcare settings. Methods: We compared three geographically, socio-demographically, and structurally diverse healthcare systems using a multi-modal qualitative data collection strategy. We grounded our sampling strategy in a cervical cancer screening process model, then tailored it for system-specific differences (e.g., clinic staffing structure and individual roles). Data collection tools included domains corresponding to shared research objectives (e.g., abnormal follow-up) while accommodating local context. Analysis drew on operational domains from the screening process model and constructs from the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research and Normalization Process Theory. Results: Exemplars demonstrate how data harmonization revealed insights suggesting opportunities to improve clinical processes across healthcare systems. Discussion: This analysis advances the application of qualitative methods in implementation science, where assessing context is key to responding to organizational challenges and shaping implementation strategies across multiple health systems. We demonstrate how systematically collecting, analyzing and harmonizing qualitative data elucidates the impact of process factors and accelerates efforts to identify opportunities for quality improvement interventions.
Adaptive quasi-proportional resonant control with parameter estimation for PMSM sensorless control
Authors: Chen Guiming , Xu Lingliang
Published: February 2023

Conventional sliding mode control (SMO) utilizes a sign function and a low-pass filter (LPF) to achieve sensorless control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). However, the introduction of the sign function generates a large number of high harmonics, resulting in a significant system output chattering, whereas the addition of the LPF generates control delays and phase shifts. These degrade the PMSM speed and the position estimation accuracy and reduce the system control performance. To improve the performance of the PMSM, adaptive quasi-proportional resonant sensorless control with parameter estimation (AQPR_PE) is proposed. In this control model, an adaptive quasi-proportional resonance controller is used reduce the system output error and to weaken the chattering phenomenon. Meanwhile, the system PMSM parameters are estimated online and fed back to the control model to improve the system parameter robustness and the control accuracy. The Bode diagram, Popov theory, and root trajectory are used to analyze the stability of AQPR, parameter estimation, and AQPR_PE, respectively. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by experimental validation.
When and where did it happen? Systematic differences in recall of core and optional sentence information
Authors: Chromý Jan , Vojvodić Sonja
Published: February 2023

This article reports on four experiments aiming to examine immediate post-sentential recall of core sentence information (conveyed by direct objects), and optional/additional information (conveyed by temporal or locative adjuncts). Participants read simple and unambiguous Czech sentences such as Starší důchodce velmi pečlivě pročetl noviny v neděli v knihovně: “An older retiree read the newspaper very carefully on Sunday in the library.” Sentences always appeared as a whole after pressing a space bar. Immediately after the sentence disappeared, an open-ended (free response) question was presented targeting either the direct object (e.g., newspaper), temporal adjunct (e.g., on Sunday), or locative adjunct (e.g., in the library). Altogether, it was found that the core information (conveyed by the direct object) was recalled almost perfectly, whereas additional information, conveyed by temporal and locative adjuncts, was recalled with significantly lower accuracy rates. Information structure also played a role: if the temporal or locative adjunct was focused, it was recalled better than if it was unfocused. The present article thus shows systematic differences in recall success for different pieces of information. These findings suggest the presence of selective attention mechanisms during early stages of sentence processing. Factors such as syntactic function or information structure influence the degree of attention to different pieces of information conveyed by a sentence. In turn, certain pieces of information may not be consciously accessible already after the sentence is processed.
Memory as a means of governmentality
Authors: Antweiler Katrin
Published: February 2023

The article proposes to pursue Memory Studies as Studies of Governmentality. It aims to demonstrate how an analysis of memory, undertaken from the perspective of governmentality, can provide an important diagnostic of our time(s) and its political conditions, while furthermore illuminating how these are derived from narratives about the past. For this, I put into dialogue theoretical considerations of the Foucauldian concept with findings from a study of the Canadian Museum for Human Rights. With a special focus on public memories that are performed and produced at the juncture of Holocaust memory and advocacy for human rights, this article puts forward an innovative approach to public memory’s entanglements with contemporary politics and subsequently argues that any public memory can in the broader context of governmental rationalities be understood as a technique of government itself.
Real-world outcomes of 54-week vedolizumab therapy and response durability after treatment discontinuation in ulcerative colitis: results from a multicenter prospective POLONEZ study
Authors: Eder Piotr , Kłopocka Maria , Cichoż-Lach Halina , Talar-Wojnarowska Renata , Kopertowska-Majchrzak Maria , Michalak Agata , Filip Rafał , Waszak Katarzyna , Stawczyk-Eder Kamila , Janiak Maria , Skrobot Krzysztof , Liebert Ariel , Zatorski Hubert , Solarska-Półchłopek Anna , Krogulecki Michał , Pękała Anna , Poniewierka Elżbieta , Smoła Izabela , Kaczka Aleksandra , Wojciechowski Krzysztof , Drygała Szymon , Zagórowicz Edyta
Published: February 2023

Background:

Vedolizumab is a gut-selective anti-lymphocyte trafficking agent used to treat ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease.

Objectives:

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and durability of the therapeutic effect of vedolizumab after treatment discontinuation in a real-world cohort of patients with UC treated in Poland.

Design:

This was a multicenter, prospective study involving patients with moderate to severely active UC from 12 centers in Poland who qualified for reimbursed treatment with vedolizumab between February and November 2019.

Methods:

The primary endpoints were clinical response (⩾2-point improvement from baseline on partial Mayo score) and clinical remission (partial Mayo score 0–1), including steroid-free remission, at week 54. Other outcomes included response durability at 26 weeks after treatment discontinuation, identification of predictors of response and remission, and safety assessment.

Results:

In all, 100 patients with UC were enrolled (55 biologic naïve and 45 biologic exposed). At baseline, 68% of patients were on corticosteroids and 45% on immunomodulators. Clinical response was observed in 62% of patients, clinical remission in 50%, and steroid-free remission in 42.6% at week 54. Within 26 weeks after treatment discontinuation, 37% of patients who maintained response by week 54 relapsed. The decreased number of liquid stools and rectal bleeding and endoscopic response at week 14 were predictive factors for response at week 54. Time from diagnosis ranging 2–5 years, decreased stool frequency, and non-concomitant use of corticosteroids at baseline and at week 14 were predictive factors for remission at week 54. Partial Mayo score < 3 with no subscale score > 1 at week 54 was a predictive factor for durable response after treatment discontinuation. The rate of serious adverse events related to treatment was 3.63 per 100 patient-years.

Conclusion:

Vedolizumab is effective and safe in UC treatment in Polish patients. However, the relapse rate after the treatment cessation was high.

Registration:

ENCePP (EUPAS34119).
The role of growth mindset and symbol of shared event representation in the promotion of challenge-pursuit
Authors: Tong Yuk-Yue , Ha Man Leung , Ip Mo Kit , Chan Hiu-Sze
Published: February 2023

Challenges are rigorous opportunities to grow and learn. Yet many students underutilize these opportunities. This study investigated how the growth mindset and priming of a shared-event representation might independently affect students’ tendency to challenge-pursuit. In a school-wide intervention, a long-distance running program (POMA Run) that embodies the concept and shared experiences of “ascend beyond current self” was created. In our study, students were randomly selected, then randomly assigned to one of the two event representation conditions: (1) think about the POMA Run (prime condition) or (2) think about a neutral target (control condition). Afterwards, to measure their willingness to extend one's limit, they were presented with four school-life situations and asked to indicate their intention to engage in activities of varying levels of difficulty described in each situation. Next, they ideographically categorized the activities into those that fell in the comfort zone (within their current capacity), stretch zone (beyond current capacity, challenging but attainable), or panic zone (far beyond current capacity). Challenge-pursuit was defined as the intention to engage in the activities categorized in the stretch zone. In the control condition, students with a stronger (weaker) endorsement of growth mindset reported higher (lower) challenge-pursuit intention. The effect of event representation prime on promoting challenge-pursuit intentions was significant among students with a weaker growth mindset: their challenge-pursuit intention was stronger in the prime condition than the control condition. In contrast, students in the prime condition displayed equally strong challenge-pursuit intention regardless of their level of growth-mindset endorsement. The effectiveness of forming a shared-event representation will be discussed.
Cinnamaldehyde Induces the Expression of MicroRNA-1285-5p and MicroRNA-140-5p in Chondrocytes to Ameliorate the Apoptosis and Inflammatory Response
Authors: Li Gang , Song Yun
Published: February 2023

Objective

Cinnamaldehyde (CA) is an active ingredient of Wenyang Tongluo capsule. This study was performed to investigate the function of CA on human chondrocytes.

Design

Different doses of CA were used to treat C28/I2 cells, which were stimulated by interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and then the viability and apoptosis of the cells were examined by cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-20 (IL-20), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed to measure miR-1285-5p, miR-140-5p, IL-20, and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Western blot assay was performed to detect IL-20, HMGB1, IKBα, phospho-IKBα, IKKα/β, and phospho-IKKα/β expression. Moreover, the relationships between miR-1285-5p and IL-20, as well as miR-140-5p and HMGB1, were validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay.

Results

CA promoted the viability and inhibited the apoptosis of C28/I2 cells stimulated by IL-1β and repressed IL-6, IL-20, and TNF-α levels. CA increased miR-1285-5p and miR-140-5p expression levels. MiR-1285-5p and miR-140-5p promoted the viability and inhibited the apoptosis and inflammation of C28/I2 cells. IL-20 was a target gene of miR-1285-5p, and HMGB1 was a target gene of miR-140-5p. Overexpression of IL-20 or HMGB1 could reverse the effect of CA on C28/I2 cells treated with IL-1β. In addition, HMGB1 increased phospho-IKBα and phospho-IKKα/β expression in IL-1β- and CA-treated C28/I2 cells.

Conclusions

CA protects chondrocytes via regulating miR-1285-5p/IL-20 axis and miR-140-5p/HMGB1/nuclear factor kappa B pathway.
Whose geography, whose future? Queering geography’s disciplinary reproduction
Authors: Kinkaid Eden
Published: February 2023

In this commentary, responding to the prompt ‘re-imagining the futures of geographical thought and praxis’, I offer some provocations to queer this question of geography's future. I begin from moments of my queer experience in and of geography, from the recurring perception that I am ‘out of time’ in the discipline: that my ‘time’ and my ‘place’ in the discipline as a trans person have yet to come. Reflecting on the origins of this perception, I find that my present belonging in the discipline is foreclosed and deferred in part by the promise of a more progressive future. I refuse this discourse of the future – and the liberal progress narrative of geography upon which it relies – and instead approach the question of geography's future as a matter of disciplinary reproduction. Drawing on ideas of queer futurity, I situate the future as a site of queer potential in the present: an ever-present capacity for difference-making located in our embodied relations and practices. Doing so encourages us to transform our discipline by queering its reproduction in the here-and-now – by making a difference – rather than waiting for a progressive and inclusive future to come upon us.
Evaluating the effect of digital primary care on antibiotic prescription: Evidence using Swedish register data
Authors: Wilkens Jens , Thulesius Hans , Arvidsson Eva , Ekman Björn
Published: February 2023

Background

The growing use of digital primary care consultations has led to concerns about resource use, equity and quality. One of these is how it affects antibiotic prescription. Differences in ease of access for patients and available diagnostic information for the prescribing physicians are reasons to believe prescription rates may be affected.

Objectives

We estimated differences in antibiotic prescription between traditional office-based and digital contacts, if these differences varied between groups of diagnoses depending on the availability of information for the prescribing physician, and if differences were associated with socio-demographic patient characteristics.

Methods

Using individual level register data for a sample of patients diagnosed with an infection over a two-year period, we estimated differences in prescription between the two types of contacts and applied propensity score techniques to mitigate possible problems with treatment selection bias.

Results

The share of antibiotic prescription was 28 (95% CI 27–30, p < 0.001) to 33 (95% CI 29–36, p < 0.001) percentage points lower among digital contacts as compared to office-based contacts. For urinary tract infections, the differences in prescription rates between the two contact types were smaller (34 to 41 percentage points difference) than for throat and skin infections (50 to 60 percentage points difference). For women, rural, older, and people born outside Sweden, digital contacts were associated with higher prescription rates.

Conclusions

Antibiotic prescription rates were significantly lower for digital contacts compared with office-based contacts. The findings suggest that digital primary care may be an effective alternative to in-person visits without undue consequences for antibiotic prescription levels, although to varying degree depending on diagnosis.
The effect of bleaching on surface roughness and gloss of different CAD/CAM ceramic and hybrid ceramic materials
Authors: Alshali Ruwaida Z , AlQahtani Mohammed A , Bukhary Dalea M , Alzahrani Mlak A , Alsoraihi Shatha S , Alqahtani Majed A
Published: February 2023

Objective:

To assess the effect of bleaching on surface roughness and gloss of different CAD/CAM ceramic materials.

Methods:

The ceramic materials included IPS e.max CAD (lithium disilicate), VITA ENAMIC (polymer infiltrated ceramic), and Celtra Duo CAD (zirconia reinforced lithium silicate). Samples of each material were randomly divided into four groups ( n = 10); a control group immersed in distilled water, the second and third groups were treated with 20% carbamide peroxide (20% CP) and 35% carbamide peroxide (35% CP) bleaching agents for 4 h/day and 60 min/day respectively for 7 days. The fourth group was treated with 40% hydrogen peroxide (40% HP) applied twice, each turn for 20 min. After treatment, the surface roughness (using 3D non-contact profilometry) and surface gloss were assessed followed by imaging with a scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA tests (α = 0.05).

Results:

The surface roughness ( p = 0.157) and gloss ( p = 0.073) of IPS e.max CAD were not significantly affected by the different bleaching treatments. Similarly, no significant effect on surface roughness ( p = 0.162) and gloss ( p = 0.965) were shown for Celtra Duo CAD. On the other hand, VITA ENAMIC was significantly affected when treated with 20% CP and 35% CP showing increased roughness ( p = 0.001) and gloss ( p = 0.008).

Conclusions:

Home bleaching treatments (20% CP and 35% CP) significantly affected the surface roughness and gloss of VITA ENAMIC while IPS e.max CAD and Celtra Duo CAD were not affected by the different bleaching treatments.
Total Talar Replacement for Idiopathic Osteonecrosis of the Talus: Investigation of Clinical Outcomes, Pain, ADL, QOL
Authors: Ouchi Kazuo , Oi Naoyuki , Yabuki Shyoji , Konno Shin-ichi
Published: February 2023

Background:

Treatment of osteonecrosis of the talus is challenging. Nonoperative management includes nonweightbearing treatment. Various types of hindfoot fusion procedures have been performed, but delayed union and shortening of the operated leg have reportedly occurred. In contrast, talar body prosthesis is a surgical procedure with potential that relieves pain, restores ankle joint function, and is not associated with leg-length discrepancy. The aim of this study was to investigate postoperative pain, clinical outcomes, activities of daily living (ADL), and quality of life (QOL) after total talar replacement in patients with osteonecrosis of the talus.

Methods:

Ten ankles in 10 patients with idiopathic osteonecrosis of the talus who were treated with a total talar replacement between 2007 and 2015 were included in the investigation. Scores according to the visual analog scale (VAS), Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF) ankle-hindfoot scale, Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q) were assessed.

Results:

The VAS score significantly improved from a mean of 80 ± 8 points before surgery to 18 ± 22 points after surgery ( P  < .01). The JSSF ankle-hindfoot scale score significantly improved from a mean of 53 ± 12 points before surgery to 89 ± 7 points after surgery ( P  < .01). The FIM score significantly improved from a mean of 122 ± 1 points before surgery to 125 ± 1 points after surgery ( P  < .01). The mean postoperative SAFE-Q scores were as follows: 81 ± 10.3 points for pain, 78 ± 14.7 points for physical function, 90 ± 12.4 points for social function, and 83 ± 15.4 points for shoe-related.

Conclusion:

Total talar replacement is a useful treatment for patients with osteonecrosis of the talus. This replacement surgery preserves the function of the ankle and subtalar joints, and improves pain, ADL, and QOL.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, case series.
Decolonising spaces of knowledge production: Mpala research centre in Laikipia County, Kenya
Authors: Griffiths Mark , Mueni Fridah , Baker Kate , Patel Surshti
Published: February 2023

In this article we discuss Mpala Research Centre in Laikipia County, Kenya as a distinctly colonial space. Drawing on historical materials, fieldwork observations and in-depth interviews, we build an account of British colonial expropriation of land, European and American modes of enclosure, and the development of a prominent site of knowledge production in the fields of ecology, conservation and evolutionary biology. Mpala is product and productive of colonial relations, ones where land use serves mainly Western interests in ways that sustain and entrench categories of coloniser/colonised. We support this claim by identifying three ways in which colonial legacies endure at Mpala in terms of (i) ontology, or the particular ways in which land is made landscape; (ii) race and the organisation of space and labour and (iii) silence (and silencing) as a mechanism that sustains colonial power relations. We further argue that turning to such a nameable site of contemporary academic extraction enables a shift from postcolonial critique to decolonial praxis. By naming Mpala in specific terms, the possibility of politics opens out from critical analysis towards a project of undoing the epistemological and material legacies of colonialism.