bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High BTBD7 Expression Positive is Correlated with SLUG- Predicted Poor Prognosis in Hormone Receptor- Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zi-xiong Li , Ze-nan Huang , Luo Hui , Xiong-bin Yang , Yu-lin Wang , Jie-xin Chen , Xiao-kai Ma , wang tiantian , Ling Lin
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND: Hormone receptor-negative breast cancer (HRNBC), including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) overexpressing breast cancer, is prone to metastasis and has a poor prognosis. BTB/POZ domain-containing protein 7 (Btbd7) is considered to regulate Slug and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process. However, the role of Btbd7 in HRNBC is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the localization and function of Btbd7 in HRNBC as well as its relationship with Slug and the EMT process.METHODS: Bioinformatics analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of the BTBD7 and SLUG genes expression on the prognosis in HRNBC patients. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and possible mechanism in breast cancer. Expression of Btbd7 and Slug in 144 HRNBC and 30 benign lesion tissues obtained from the patients was evaluated using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with BTBD7 siRNA and the expression levels of Btbd7, Slug, and key EMT proteins were analyzed. CCK-8 and cell invasion assays were performed to evaluate cell proliferation and invasion in response to BTBD7 silencing.RESULTS: The total positive rate of Btbd7 expression in HRNBC tumor tissue was 66.7% (96/144), which was higher than that in normal adjacent tissue (NAT) (52.1% 75/144 P=0.001) and benign breast lesion tissues (20%, 6/30 P<0.001). TCGA and immunohistochemistry staining both indicated that higher Btbd7 and Slug expression in HRNBC was associated with poor clinicopathologic features and prognosis. Co-expression of Slug and Btbd7 proteins could be found in HRNBC tissue and MDA-MA-231 cells. BTBD7 silencing significantly up-regulated the epithelial marker E-cadherin (P<0.05), down-regulated the mesenchymal markers α-SMA and Slug (P<0.05), and suppressed the proliferation and invasion abilities of cells. GO and KEGG analyses based on 322 DEGs showed that BTBD7 may be associated with generic transcription in breast cancer.CONCLUSION: Higher expression of BTBD7 was a poor prognostic factor in HRNBC patients and BTBD7 silencing inhibited EMT through regulation of Slug expression. BTBD7 might act as a potential molecular target for gene therapy in HRNBC patients.
BRS1 mediates plant redox regulation and cold responses
Authors: Zhang Dongzhi , Zhao Yuqian , Wang Junzhe , Zhao Peng , Xu Shengbao
Published: January 2021

Background: Brassinosteroid-insensitive 1 suppressor 1 (BRS1), is a serine carboxypeptidase that mediates brassinosteroid signaling and participates in multiple developmental processes in Arabidopsis. However, little is known about the precise role of BRS1 in this context. Results: In this study, we analyzed transcriptional and proteomic profiles of Arabidopsis seedlings overexpressing BRS1 and found that this gene is involved in both cold stress responses and redox regulation. Further proteomic evidence shows that BRS1 regulates cell redox by indirectly interacting with cytosolic NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase (cICDH). We identified two novel splice products of BRS1, which might play important roles in development and stress responses in plants. Conclusions: This study highlights the role of BRS1 in plant redox regulation and stress responses, which extends our understanding of extracellular serine carboxypeptidases.
Distinct BTK inhibitors differentially induce apoptosis but similarly suppress chemotaxis and lipid accumulation in mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Liu Zhuojun , Liu Jia , Zhang Tainming , Li Lin , Zhang Shuo , Jia Hao , Xia Yuanshi , Shi Mingxia , Zhang Jing , Yue Shuhua , Chen Xiaofang , Yu Jian
Published: January 2021

Background: The more selective second-generation BTK inhibitors (BTKi) Acalabrutinib and Zanubrutinib and the first-generation BTKi Ibrutinib are highlighted by their clinical effectiveness in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), however, similarities and differences of their biological and molecular effects on anti-survival of MCL cells induced by these BTKi with distinct binding selectivity against BTK remain largely unknown.Methods: AlamarBlue assays were performed to define cytotoxicity of BTKi against MCL cells, Jeko-1 and Mino. Cleaved PARP and caspase-3 levels were examined by immunoblot analysis to study BTKi-induced apoptotic effects. Biological effects of BTKi on MCL-cell chemotaxis and lipid droplet (LD) accumulation were examined in Jeko-1, Mino and primary MCL cells via Transwell and Stimulated Raman scattering imaging analysis respectively. Enzyme-linked immunoassays were used to determine CCL3 and CCL4 levels in MCL-cell culture supernatants. RNA-seq analyses identified BTKi targets which were validated by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunoblot analysis.Results: Acalabrutinib and Zanubrutinib induced moderate apoptosis in Ibrutinib high-sensitive JeKo-1 cells and Ibrutinib low-sensitive Mino cells, which was accompanied by cleaved PARP and caspase-3. Such effects might be caused by the stronger ability of Ibrutinib to upregulate the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, such as HRK, GADD45A, and ATM, in JeKo-1 cells than in Mino cells, and the expression of such apoptotic genes was slightly changed by Acalabrutinib and Zanubrutinib in both JeKo-1 and Mino cells. Further, Acalabrutinib, Zanubrutinib and Ibrutinib reduced MCL-cell chemotaxis with similar efficiency, due to their similar abilities to downmodulate chemokines, such as CCL3 and CCL4. Also, these three BTKi similarly suppressed MCL-cell LD accumulation via downregulating lipogenic factors, DGAT2, SCD, ENPP2 and ACACA without significant differences. Conclusion: BTKi demonstrated differential capacities to induce MCL-cell apoptosis due to their distinct capabilities to regulate the expression of apoptosis-related genes, and similar biological and molecular inhibitory effects on MCL-cell chemotaxis and LD accumulation.
A Study on the Relationship between the Marine Experience Factors and the Satisfaction Index of the Northeast Asian Sea Region in the PKNU Maritime Index
Authors: Yang Minho , Kim Joonhwan
Published: January 2021

This study used the experience satisfaction index from the PKNU Maritime Index to examine Koreans' preference for marine experience and use the findings as basic data for policymaking in the future. The PKNU Maritime Index of Koreans was 585.3 out of 1,000, and the experience satisfaction index was 63.6. By focusing on the experience satisfaction index, this study confirmed that the PKNU Maritime Index had changed dynamically. The analysis showed that compared to the sub-domains of the PKNU Maritime Index, the degree of experience satisfaction had continued to increase after the introduction of the index. This paper further studied the correlation and influence between the marine experience factors and the satisfaction index. Above all, this study's results are expected to provide practical implications for establishing policy alternatives related to marine experience in the Northeast Asian sea region and be used as basic data for future research.
Effects of Income Inequality on Satisfaction in Life Perceived by Female Fishermen — Focused on the Mediating Effect of Depression
Authors: Kim Young-Ran , Choi Jeong-Min
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating effects of depression in the relationship between income inequality and satisfaction in life perceived by female fishermen. To verify the purpose of the study, we used data from a survey of 215 female fishermen residing in Jeollanam-do, Korea, conducted at Jeonnam Women’s Plaza (now “Foundation of Jeonam Women and Family”) in 2016. Hierarchical analysis and Sobel-test using SPSS ver. 21.0 were used in the analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was confirmed that there is a partial mediating effect of depression in the relationship between income inequality and satisfaction in life. Based on the result, we proposed practical and policy recommendations that can improve the satisfaction of female fishermen in their lives.
Theoretical highlights in container port logistics systems
Authors: Hlali Arbia , Wanis Abdulla
Published: January 2021

This study provides a theoretical background on container port logistics in global supply chains. A descriptive analysis including a literature review was carried out in order to achieve the study. This study shows that the container port logistics chain involves all levels of organizational units throughout the supply chain. Therefore, it ensures coordination and exchanges in terms of physical flows, financial flows and informational flow in such a way that the goods are handled and distributed in the right kind. In addition, the analysis finds that the logistics chain required to be evolved with the international changes of maritime transport in order to keep the competitive of seaport. Thus, there is a need to optimize all seaport activities to attain the benefits of the logistics chain. Moreover, this study contributes to the field by exploring the container port logistics integration concept. One of the important findings of this study is that the port is central to logistics — the multidimensional system with a complex activities. Consequently, the findings are relevant to all actors such as transport companies and logistics service providers.
BURSA DESTİNASYON MARKASININ GELİŞTİRİLMESİNDE İPEK ÜRETİMİ ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: TAŞKIN Ercan , ŞENER Habibe Yelda , DURAK Hülya
Published: January 2021

Global dünyada yaşanan rekabet, şehirleri markalaşma stratejileri geliştirmeye yöneltmektedir. Şehirler, sahip oldukları farklılıkları ziyaretçileri için eşsiz bir deneyime dönüştürebildiklerinde marka haline gelebilmektedir. Güçlü bir markaya sahip olan şehirler, hedef pazarda cazibe merkezi haline gelmekte, sosyal ve ekonomik standartlarını yükselterek ülke ekonomisine katkı sağlamaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı, Bursa’nın ipekböceği üretimi açısından mevcut durumunu ortaya koyarak; Bursa destinasyonunda üretilen, dünyanın en kalitelisi olan ipekböceğinin geliştirilmesi ve ipeğin, Bursa destinasyon markasına katkısının artırılabilmesi için öneriler sunmaktır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda, keşifsel araştırma yapılmıştır. İpekçiliğin, Bursa destinasyonundaki tüm paydaşların işbirliğiyle yönetilmesi gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır. İpekçilik odaklı girişimci ve/veya şirket üniversitelerinin kurulmasının Bursa markası açısından son derece önemli olduğu ortaya koyulmuştur.
CRÍTICA DA RAZÃO CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Thiago Fernandes Freire Alyson , Trindade Lucas
Published: January 2021

APRESENTAÇÃO DO DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO CRÍTICA DA RAZÃO CIENTÍFICA: sociologias do (des) conhecimento
Nanocarriers for Photodynamic Therapy Intended to Cutaneous Tumors
Authors: Pierre Maria B.R.
Published: January 2021

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality used for several malignant and premalignant skin disorders, including Bowen's disease skin cancers and Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC). Several photosensitizers (PSs) have been explored for tumor destruction of skin cancers, after their activation by a light source of appropriate wavelength. Topical release of PSs avoids prolonged photosensitization reactions associated with systemic administration; however, its clinical usefulness is influenced by its poor tissue penetration and the stability of the active agent. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems are promising tool to enhance the efficiency for PDT of cancer. This review focuses on PSs encapsulated in nanocarriers explored for PDT of skin tumors.
Association of Non-Traditional Lipid Parameters with Hemorrhagic Transformation and Clinical Outcome After Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Luo Yun , Chen Jie , Yan Xiu-Li , Jin Hang , Sun Xin , Guo Zhen-Ni , Yang Yi
Published: January 2021

Objective::

Recently, a few studies have shown that non-traditional lipid parameters are
associated with the hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and the clinical outcome of ischemic stroke.
However, the role of non-traditional lipid parameters in ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous
thrombolysis remains unclear. Thus, we aimed to assess the associations of non-traditional
lipid parameters with HT and clinical outcome after thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients.

Methods::

This study consecutively included 763 ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous
thrombolysis. Non-traditional lipid parameters included non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(non-HDL-C), total cholesterol to HDL-C ratio (TC/HDL-C), triglyceride to HDL-C ratio (TG/
HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to HDL-C ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C). Receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curves and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate
the associations between the four non-traditional lipid parameters and HT and poor outcome
after thrombolysis.

Results::

Of 763 patients, 78 (10.2%) had HT and 281 (36.8%) had poor outcome. The ROC curves
showed that the optimum cut-off points of the non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and
LDL/HDL-C for predicting HT and poor outcome were 2.99 and 2.01, 4.05 and 3.66, 0.82 and
1.02, as well as 2.67 and 2.71, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that
the TC/HDL-C <4.05 (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.727, 95% confidence interval [CI]:
1.008–2.960), TG/HDL-C <0.82 (adjusted OR=2.064, 95% CI: 1.241–3.432), and LDL/HDL-C
<2.67 (adjusted OR=1.935, 95% CI: 1.070–3.501) were positively associated with the risk of HT,
while the non-HDL-C <2.99 (adjusted OR=0.990, 95% CI: 0.583–1.680) was not related to the risk
of HT. In addition, the non-HDL-C <2.01, TC/HDL-C <3.66, TG/HDL-C <1.02, and LDL/HDL-C
<2.71 were associated with an increased risk of poor outcome, with adjusted ORs of 2.340 (95%
CI: 1.150–4.764), 1.423 (95% CI: 1.025–1.977), 1.539 (95% CI: 1.102–2.151), and 1.608 (95% CI:
1.133–2.283).

Conclusion::

Low TC/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and LDL/HDL-C, but not non-HDL-C, were associated
with an increased risk of HT after thrombolysis. In addition, low non-HDL-C, TC/HDL-C,
TG/HDL-C, and LDL/HDL-C were associated with an increased risk of poor outcome in ischemic
stroke patients with intravenous thrombolysis.
Recent Advancements in Fuzzy C-means Based Techniques for Brain MRI Segmentation
Authors: Latif Ghazanfar , Alghazo Jaafar , Sibai Fadi N. , Iskandar D.N.F. Awang , Khan Adil H.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Variations of image segmentation techniques, particularly those used for Brain MRI
segmentation, vary in complexity from basic standard Fuzzy C-means (FCM) to more complex and enhanced FCM
techniques.

Objective:

In this paper, a comprehensive review is presented on all thirteen variations of FCM segmentation
techniques. In the review process, the concentration is on the use of FCM segmentation
techniques for brain tumors. Brain tumor segmentation is a vital step in the process of automatically
diagnosing brain tumors. Unlike segmentation of other types of images, brain tumor segmentation
is a very challenging task due to the variations in brain anatomy. The low contrast of brain images
further complicates this process. Early diagnosis of brain tumors is indeed beneficial to patients,
doctors, and medical providers.

Results:

FCM segmentation works on images obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scanners, requiring minor modifications to hospital operations to early diagnose tumors as most, if
not all, hospitals rely on MRI machines for brain imaging.

Conclusion:

In this paper, we critically review and summarize FCM based techniques for brain
MRI segmentation.
Antimutagenic, Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Properties of Sea Grape Leaf Extract Fractions (Coccoloba uvifera L.)
Authors: Ramos-Hernández Jorge A. , Calderón-Santoyo Montserrat , Burgos-Hernández Armando , García-Romo Joel S. , Navarro-Ocaña Arturo , Burboa-Zazueta María G. , Sandoval-Petris Edgar , Ragazzo-Sánchez Juan A.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Cancer is a disease characterized by the invasion and uncontrolled growth of cells.
One of the best ways to minimize the harmful effects of mutagens is through the use of natural antimutagens. In
this regard, the search for new antimutagens that act in the chemoprevention could represent a promising field
in this area.

Objective:

In this study biological potential of 11 fractions from Coccoloba uvifera L. leaf hexane extract was
evaluated by several in vitro tests.

Methods:

Leaves were lyophilized and hexane extraction was performed. The extract was fractionated by column
chromatography with hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The antimutagenic (Ames test), antiproliferative
(MTT test), and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, ABTS, and ferrous ion chelation) of the fractions were evaluated.

Results::

Fractions 4, 6, 8, and 9 have antimutagenic activity (against sodium azide in strain TA100), fraction 11
showed antiproliferative capacity (IC50 of 24 ± 9 μg/mL in cells of HCT 116). The fractions with the highest activity
were analyzed by HPLC-MS and lupeol, acacetin, and β-sitosterol were identified.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates, for the first time, the bioactivity of C. uvifera leaf as a new source of
High Biological Value Compounds (HBVC), which can be of interest to the food and pharmaceutical industries.
Cytotoxicity and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Polyherbal Formulations, Joint Pain Spl and Rumalaya Forte on Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammation in IC-21 Macrophages
Authors: Koodalingam Arunagirinathan , Rajalakshmi Arumugam , Parthiban Ezhumalai
Published: January 2021

Aim:

To test the effectiveness of marketed polyherbal formulations on
lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory conditions in macrophages.

Background:

Usage of herbal compounds among patients suffering from arthritis and cancer is increasing
every year. Many anti-inflammatory herbal products available in the market should be
screened thoroughly for their possible mechanism of action.

Objective:

Joint Pain Spl (JPS) is a polyherbal dietary food supplement composed of 13 herbal
plants, and Rumalaya Forte (RF) is a polyherbal formulation comprising of 6 herbal plants. These
were tested for their cytotoxicity, as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in LPS
treated IC-21 peritoneal macrophages.

Methods:

Commercially available JPS and RF powder was used to prepare the extract. The aqueous
and methanol extracts were quantified for the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds
and confirmed with HPLC. In vitro DPPH free scavenging activity was performed. Cytotoxicity
was tested by MTT assay. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested using lipopolysaccharide-stimulated
IC-21 peritoneal macrophage cells.

Results:

The phytochemical screening showed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds
in JPS and RF. The aqueous and methanol extracts of JPS and RF possesses significant DPPH free
radical scavenging activity. MTT assay revealed that 90.64% (aqueous extract) and 92.21%
(methanol extract) of exposed macrophages are viable even after 24h exposure of maximal tested
concentrations of herbal formulations. Pre-treatment of JPS and RF on LPS induced IC-21
macrophages showed a reduction in nitric oxide production (maximal 79.95%) and a high level of
superoxide anion scavenging activity (maximal 82.5%) over control.

Conclusion:

The two tested polyherbal formulations, such as JPS and RF possess anti-inflammatory
activity by modulating free radical generation in IC-21 macrophages. Thus the presence of the
phenolic and flavonoid compounds may contribute to the antioxidant activity.
SARS-CoV-2: An Insight into Detection Tools
Authors: Khanmohammadi Shaghayegh , Tabary Mohammadreza , Araghi Farnaz , Tavangar Seyed Mohammad
Published: January 2021

:

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2
(SARS-CoV-2), was announced as a pandemic in March 2020. Different diagnostic laboratory tests have been used to detect
the infection. Each diagnostic tool, such as Chest Computed tomography (CT) imaging, genome sequencing, nucleic acid
amplification methods, whole genome sequencing, microarray, and serology testing have several advantages and
disadvantages. Nucleic acid amplification methods are better diagnostic tools for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in early
stages of the infection, while serological tests are more appropriate for the recognition of previously infected patients. In this
review, we will briefly consider each diagnostic method, and discuss its pros and cons.
Modifications of Medical Care of Chronic Liver Diseases During
COVID-19 Pandemic: Necessity or Novelty?
Authors: Soliman Hanan Hamed , Emara Mohamed H. , Elkadeem Mahmoud , Abd-Elsalam Sherief
Published: January 2021

:

In the late 2019, coronavirus-2 (SARS-COV 2) infection emerged in Wuhan, China and spread to all countries
making the first pandemic in 21st century. It seems that this infection will continue period which is long enough to obligate
modifications in both life style and health care systems. Because chronic liver diseases (CLD) are prevalent all over the
world, it is expected to manage patients with CLD and COVID-19. The aim of this review was to shade the light on the
impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the management of patients with CLD and how to give medical care to CLD patients
during COVID-19 pandemic.
O mas nas crónicas de Ricardo Araújo Pereira: os valores refutativo retificativo e concessivo contra-argumentativo
Authors: Fonseca Ana Filipa
Published: January 2021

The ‘mas’, as well as discursive markers, is, generally, associated with a great discussion among scholars regarding the characterization, as well as the most appropriate terminology for its linguistic reference. It is known, however, that it is essential to establish a contrast relationship between two textual segments, although, in fact, it may be associated with several values. The object of this study is to verify whether, in Ricardo Araújo Pereira’s columns, the ‘mas’ is more used for its rectifying refutative value or for its counter-argumentative concessional value, following the work of Anscombre & Ducrot (1977). For this, we selected 24 columns and analyzed and classified each occurrence found. This analysis allowed us to conclude that there is a strong tendency towards the use of the counter-argumentative concessional ‘mas’, which can be explained having in mind the textual gender in which the occurrences arise. In fact, we can face cases where gender conditions the language and, therefore, the value of the ‘mas’ used.
Polémica e humor: interfaces possíveis na crónica de Juma Aiuba
Authors: Wilson Francelino
Published: January 2021

In the chronicle The “Past-perfect” of life, (O “pretérito mais-que-perfeito” da vida), Juma Aiuba inscribes his speech in two isotopies, i.e. the case of hidden debts and the pandemic of the new coronavirus. This writing model proves to be challenging to discourse analysis, even because it arouses interest in understanding the author’s standard and the enunciator’s marks. In the integrated perspective of Jean-Michel Adam (2001), to the light of the multiple categories, we analyze for the purpose of helping define the standard of JA’s writing and discuss polemics and humor as “connivent” discursive categories in opinionated aspect. From the analysis, it is concluded that JA’s text is inscribed in the ‘polemic discourse’ genre, asserting itself of the polemic-humoristic argumentative modality. For this purpose, the dissent and the ‘surprise effect’ present in his textual production contribute. In this context, the author contributes to the construction of democracy and citizenship in Mozambique, using the dichotomization, negative polarity, and other dialogical categories in the construction of a discourse of social intervention.
The effect of adding rice straw charcoal to the processing of bio-pellet from cacao pod husk
Authors: Damayanti Retno , Sandra Sandra , Nanda Novita Riski
Published: January 2021

Cacao pod husk and rice straw charcoal are potentially transformed into bio-pellet because of their high calorific value. Cocoa pod husk and rice straw charcoal has a calorific value of 4974.837 cal/g and 3569.837 cal/g, respectively. This research aimed to identify the effect of variations in particle size and in the addition ratio of rice straw charcoal on the calorific value of bio-pellet. Randomized block design factorial were employed in this study with factor of the addition ratio of rice straw charcoal and cacao pod husk (i.e. 0%:100%, 20% : 80%, 40% : 60%) and the particle size (i.e. 20, 40, 60 and 80 mesh). The results showed that rice straw charcoal addition resulted bio-pellet with the calorific value of 4111.93 – 4706.57 cal/g, and fulfill the SNI of bio-pellet (SNI 8021-2014). The treatment with addition of 100% cocoa pod husk and 80 mesh particle size generated the superior quality of bio-pellet. The findings confirmed that addition of rice straw charcoal did not enhance the energy potential (i.e. calorific value) of the bio-pellets, hence it is unfavourable option.
The Effect of a Name-Based Mask Rationing Plan in Taiwan on Public Anxiety Regarding a Mask Shortage During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study
Authors: Tai Yu-Lin , Chi Hsin , Chiu Nan-Chang , Tseng Cheng-Yin , Huang Ya-Ning , Lin Chien-Yu
Published: January 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic is a severe global health crisis. Wearing a mask is a straightforward action that can be taken, but shortage of stock and equity of allocation were important issues in Taiwan. Furthermore, increased anxiety leading to the stockpiling of masks has been common during the pandemic.

Objective

We aim to summarize the name-based mask rationing plan implemented in Taiwan and explore the public’s perceived anxiety about mask shortages.

Methods

The government of Taiwan took action to control the supply and allocation of face masks. We summarize the timeline and important components of the mask rationing plan. A survey that aimed to investigate the overall response to the mask rationing plan was answered by 44 participants.

Results

The mask rationing plan was implemented in late January 2020. Daily production capacity was increased from 2 million masks to 16 million masks in April 2020. People could buy 9 masks in 14 days by verification via their National Health Insurance card. Digital face mask availability maps were created. Moreover, the mask plan safeguarded the purchase of masks and resulted in decreased anxiety about a mask shortage (4.05 [SD 1.15] points; 72.7% [n=32] of participants answered “agree” or “strongly agree”). The majority of people felt that the mask plan was satisfactory (4.2 [SD 0.92] points; 79.5% [n=35] of participants answered “agree” or “strongly agree”).

Conclusions

We found that the unique name-based mask rationing plan allowed for control of the production and supply of masks, and contributed to the appropriate allocation of masks. The mask rationing plan not only provided the public with physical protection, but also resulted in reduced anxiety about mask shortages during the pandemic.
Convective Baking Characteristics and Effective Moisture Diffusivities of Yellow Mealworms
Authors: Seah Wei Hon , Wong Alecia Sze Mun , Nie Naik Wei Qin , Tan Chun Mun , Chiang Choon Lai , Hii Ching Lik
Published: January 2021

Yellow mealworm is an alternative protein source studied by researchers to provide an alternative supply of protein to meet the growing demands of human consumption. In this research, convective baking of yellow mealworms at 80°C, 100°C, and 120°C was carried out to study the baking kinetics and product quality. Studies showed the typical falling trend of the moisture ratio curves, which are typical for most bioproducts that undergo hot air treatment. Mathematical modelling showed that the Page model gave a good prediction on the baking kinetics with high fitting accuracy (R2>0.99). Effective diffusivities were determined from 1.66 x 10-11 to 2.88 x 10-11 m2/s within the temperatures tested. The activation energy was estimated at 15.7 kJ/mol based on the Arrhenius equation. The final baked samples appeared darker in color because the browning reaction and reduction in bulk density and product length were observed in the range of 48-54% and 3.0-16.3%, respectively.
Tip-Cylinder Electrode Plasma to Enhance the Coating of Conductive Yarn Process
Authors: Putra Valentinus Galih Vidia , Zulfikar Lutfi , Sumihartanti Atin , Mohamad Juliany Ningsih , Yusuf Yusril
Published: January 2021

This study aims to develop conductive textile materials using a polyester textile yarn by applying a knife coating method and pre-treatment of a tip-cylinder plasma electrode. In this research, carbon ink was coated on polyester staple yarn which was given a pre-treatment with a plasma generator and coated with the knife coating method. The electrical conductivity of conductive yarns produced from this study was divided into two types, as yarns without plasma treatment and with plasma treatment with a ratio of water and carbon ink concentrations of 1:1 and 2:1. The results of the electrical conductivity with plasma treatment and the concentration of carbon ink and water of 1:1 and 1:2 were 69005 (Ωm)-1 and 50144.25 (Ωm)-1, respectively, while the results of the electrical conductivity for threads with concentrations of carbon ink and water of 1:1 and 1:2 without plasma treatment were 18197.64 (Ωm)­‑1  and 8873.54 (Ωm)-1, respectively. The results showed that the concentration of carbon ink and water and plasma treatment affected the conductive value of the yarn. The results also showed that the presence of plasma pre-treatment improved the coating process of conductive ink on the yarn.Keywords: carbon ink; conductive yarn; plasma; textile A B S T R A KPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan tekstil konduktif menggunakan benang tekstil poliester dengan mengaplikasikan metode knife coating dan pre-treatment plasma elektroda tip-cylinder. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pelapisan dengan tinta karbon pada benang poliester stapel yang diberi perlakuan awal dengan plasma generator dan dilapisi dengan metode pelapisan knife coating. Konduktivitas listrik benang konduktif yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini dibagi menjadi dua jenis, yaitu benang tanpa perlakuan plasma dan dengan perlakuan plasma dengan perbandingan konsentrasi air dan tinta karbon sebesar 1:1 dan 2:1. Hasil konduktivitas listrik dengan perlakuan plasma dan konsentrasi tinta karbon dan air sebesar 1:1 dan 1:2 masing-masing adalah 69005 (Ωm)‑1 dan 50144,25 (Ωm)-1, sedangkan hasil konduktivitas listrik untuk benang dengan konsentrasi tinta karbon dan air sebesar 1:1 dan 1:2 tanpa perlakuan plasma masing-masing adalah 18197,64 (Ωm)-1 dan 8873,54 (Ωm)-1. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi tinta karbon dan air serta perlakuan plasma berpengaruh terhadap nilai konduktivitas benang serta adanya pre-treatment plasma dapat meningkatkan proses coating tinta konduktif pada benang.Kata kunci: benang konduktif; plasma; tekstil; tinta karbon
The Combination of Black Soybean Tempeh and Purple Sweet Potato Affect Reactive Oxygen Species and Malondialdehyde Level in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Putri Eka Pratama , Lestari Sri Rahayu , Gofur Abdul
Published: January 2021

Hyperglycemia conditions increase free radicals in the body that cause oxidative stress. Oxidative stress increase lipid peroxidation activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS). An antioxidant can prevent a free radical movement. The materials that contain potent antioxidants are black soybeans tempeh (BST) and purple sweet potatoes (PSP). The antioxidants in the BST are isoflavones with their derivates, and PSP is anthocyanins. This study aimed to determine the effect of BST and PSP extract on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In this study, rats were given a high-fat diet, 10% sucrose drink, and injected with multiple low-dose streptozotocin to induce T2DM. The animal's experiment divided into six groups: healthy rats, DM rats, DM rats + glibenclamide, DM rats + combination of BST and PSP in 3:1, 1:1, and 1:3 respectively. ROS levels were determined using the ELISA method and MDA levels were determined using spectrophotometer according to Thiobarbituric Acid (TBA) method. Our result suggests that the combination of BST and PSP significantly reduces ROS and MDA levels.
Optimization of Self-Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System) for Soursop Leaf (Annona muricata Linn.) Chloroform Extract
Authors: Artanti Anif Nur , Prihapsara Fea , Ermawati Dian Eka , Shofa Aprilia Saefanan
Published: January 2021

Soursop leaf chloroform extract has anticancer activity.  The active ingredient of soursop leaf was acetogenin polypoid derivatives that have a lipophilic characteristic, and less effective to achieve action targets of drugs in biological systems. The Self-Micro Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS) was an effective drug delivery technique that increases the solubility of lipophilic drugs. This study aims to determine the proportion of optimum SMEDDS formula using Simplex Lattice Design (SLD) method. The Formula of SMEDDS was prepared using a combination of Tween 80-Croduret, Propylene Glycol, and Candlenut oil. Optimization formula with SLD method using Design-Expert software based on physical stability parameters there are the percent of transmittance and emulsification time. The optimum formula of SMEDDS was compared with SLD prediction formula using a statistical analysis t-test, then test of loading dose extract, stability test accelerated by centrifugation, particle size, and zeta potential. The proportion of optimum composition of Tween 80-Croduret, Propylene Glycol, and Candlenut oil of SMEDDS was 60.87%; 24.13%; 15.00% respectively. Results of transmittance 41.14±3.78% and emulsification time 119.0±2.08 seconds. The predicted SLD value for the transmittance percent was 55.0% and the emulsification time was 119.59 seconds. The result of the statistical analysis of one sample t-test showed no significant difference between observation results and SLD prediction. The SMEDDS system has F value of 0.99 and capable to load 25.0 mg chloroform extract of soursop leaf each system with an average particle size of 440 nm and zeta potential of +21.5 mV.
The Usage of Extract of Purple Fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) as Color of Lipstick
Authors: Setyawaty Rety , Noviani Desi , Dewanto Dewanto
Published: January 2021

Purple fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is one of the natural ingredients that contain natural colour pigments are anthocyanin. Anthocyanin is a water soluble pigments which is naturally found in various type of plants. This study aims to make lipstick preparations using the purple fleshed sweet potato extract (Ipomoea batatas L.) as a natural dye. The method is used to get anthocyanin as a color of lipstick by using maceration extraction method. The weight of sample is 250 grams of dried fleshed purple sweet potato. The liquid for maceration used of 95% ethanol. The condition of maceration is acid by using 2% of citric acid. The filtrate of maceration process must be thickened. The basis of lipstick components consisted of cera alba, lanolin, cetyl alcohol, paraffin solid, oleum ricini, propylene glycol, and nipasol. The concentration of fleshed purple sweet potato extract is 0%, 2.4%, 4.5% and 14.6%. The result of research is that the lipstick is easy to apply, unstable color, homogenous, melting point above 500C, pH of 6 and all lipstick have an breaking point when load at 330 grams. Extract of purple fleshed sweet potato can’t be used as a pigment color in the manufacture of lipstick but additional material is needed that can keep the lipstick color from being degraded by pH, storage temperature, light, enzymes, oxygenation, sugar, structural differences in anthocyanins and concentrations of anthocyanins.
Influence of Propylene Glycol Concentrations in Mangostin Pericarp Extract Gels Formulation: Gels Physical Characteristics, Antibacterial Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus, and Functional Antioxidant Activity Based on Radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl Scavenging Activity
Authors: Kuswahyuning Rina , Pratiwi Sylvia Utami Tunjung , Ekaputri Joselin , Meiliana Meiliana
Published: January 2021

Mangostin (Garcinia mangostana L.) fruit pericarp (GMP) extract has been shown to have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. This study aimed to formulate and evaluate gel formulations of GMP extract using sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a gelling agent and propylene glycol (PG) in varying concentrations (i.e. 0-40%). GMP extract was evaluated for total mangostin content and antioxidant activity based on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. Physical gel characteristics were also examined. All gels had similar pH and spreadability, however, gel with 40% PG produced significantly lower viscosity. Antibacterial activities against S.aureus were shown to be the same among GMP extract gels. The antioxidant activity of all GMP extract gels could be confirmed based on the radical DPPH scavenging method. PG content of 40% significantly reduced the increase of GMP extract gel viscosity after being stored for four weeks at room temperature. Additionally, the lowest syneresis was also shown for GMP extract gel with 40% PG content.
Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Containing Propolis as an Antibacterial Agent Candidate against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: Sukmawati Ayunda Nur , Pramestri Sri , Soesilowati Al. Sri Koes , Suryono Suryono
Published: January 2021

One of the periodontal pathogenic bacteria that can cause periodontitis and alveolar bone destruction is Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. An alveolar bone defect can be treated using a bone graft. Carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) is an alloplastic graft material. Alloplastic materials do not have vascularization, which will increase the risk of bacterial adhesion. Therefore, adding an antibacterial agent is needed to prevent bacterial adhesion, which will improve periodontal healing. Propolis is a natural ingredient that has broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and does not cause bacterial resistance. This study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of carbonated hydroxyapatite after being incorporated with propolis against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Carbonated hydroxyapatite was embedded into four different concentrations of propolis solution (2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%). An antimicrobial assay against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was done using the disc diffusion test method. The inhibition zone was measured to determine the antibacterial ability of the specimens. The inhibition zone was found on the carbonated hydroxyapatite incorporated with propolis at all concentrations. Carbonated hydroxyapatite incorporated with 10% propolis showed the largest inhibition zone. Data analysis using the Kruskal–Wallis test showed a significant difference between the groups tested (p <.05). In conclusion, carbonated hydroxyapatite incorporated with propolis has antibacterial activity against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Esposito's temporality of finance: Endogeneity and revisability in derivative transactions
Authors: Husbands Conor
Published: January 2021

Recent years have seen greater interest in the theoretical foundations of abstract finance and their intersection with questions of philosophy and sociology. In particular, exchanges between authors such as Donald MacKenzie, Timothy Johnson, Elie Ayache, and others have debated the deterministic or contingent dynamics of markets, as well as their interdependency with the theories that purport to describe them. Working in this tradition, Elena Esposito raises a novel question in her 2011 book, The Future of Futures: could the exchange of derivative securities within financial markets entail not so much the provision of liquidity, but the transaction of time? In this article, I reconstruct Esposito's analysis, arguing that the proper response to this question should be affirmative. Particular emphasis is laid on what I take to be the two fundamental and controversial premises which support this argument: first, the endogeneity of time-relations involved in financial markets; and second, the revisability of these time- relations. The advantage of recasting Esposito's position in this way is the defence it enables against various criticisms articulated in theory and philosophy circles, such as those of Ray Brassier. Finally, I discuss the significance of Esposito's theory, not only for this class of financial transactions, but also for certain issues in the philosophy of time.
Editorial
Authors: Jacovkis Pablo , Masello Diego
Published: January 2021

Buena parte de los investigadores e investigadoras de las ciencias sociales de nuestra región han dejado de utilizar la perspectiva estructural como un nivel preponderante para observar el desenvolvimiento de diferentes fenómenos, como algunos tópicos del mercado de trabajo, de los procesos y situaciones educativas, en relación a la evolución y determinación de la pobreza y la desigualdad, entre otros temas.

Los trabajos que se presentan en este número apuntan a fenómenos claramente estructurales de nuestras sociedades: la estructura social y productiva, la inserción ocupacional, la educación, la formación y las posibilidades profesionales, los derechos humanos en relación con la vulnerabilidad del sistema democrático y, también, respecto a las perspectivas del análisis de redes sociales como una herramienta útil para caracterizar problemas estructurales.

De este abanico de cuestiones nos interesa remarcar la importancia de dos dimensiones que están desarrolladas, de modos diferentes, en todos los artículos que se presentan. Por una parte, los aspectos estructurales vinculados con los problemas del mercado de trabajo y, por otro lado, la importancia de la metodología y las técnicas reticulares para ser utilizadas en los análisis de la estructura social y productiva.
Cohesión de las estructuras resultantes en redes sociales: estudio de caso sobre la desaparición de personas en la Provincia de Tucumán
Authors: Salgado Ariel , Fumagalli Mariella , González Simonetto Analía , Ibañez Alejandra , Bernardi Patricia , Somigliana Carlos , Salado Puerto Mercedes , Caridi Inés
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo se propone un método para caracterizar la calidad de las estructuras que surgen en redes de origen social, en términos de la homogeneidad de los agentes que integran esas estructuras o grupos. Las técnicas propuestas fueron pensadas para redes con pocas conexiones (sparse networks) en las que pueden determinarse grupos conectados entre sí y aislados del resto (los clusters de la red), aunque son inmediatamente extendibles a redes más densas, donde los grupos se determinan mediante métodos de detección de comunidades. Los grupos se evalúan de acuerdo con su similaridad u homogeneidad interna, con base en un conjunto pequeño de variables categóricas conocidas para todos los agentes de la red, del tipo TRUE/FALSE (pertenece o no a la categoría), que no fueron usadas en la definición de la red y que no necesariamente son disjuntas. Comparando cada grupo con lo esperado si las conexiones hubieran surgido por azar, podemos evaluar el grado en que la presencia de una categoría dentro de este, difiere de la aleatoriedad.  Sin embargo, grupos con presencia fuerte de dos categorías que no se vinculan entre sí en la población completa no son consideramos como aceptables. La aplicación específica de esta metodología busca caracterizar las relaciones relevantes en un sistema de individuos mediante redes y conocer las estructuras emergentes para ordenar prioridades en la investigación de personas desaparecidas, ya que brinda conexiones, vínculos, recorridos y nodos, que pueden facilitar la comprensión del contexto y modo en el que operó la última dictadura militar argentina, en la provincia de Tucumán.
¿Cuándo reprime la policía a los trabajadores? Acción policial en las huelgas en Chile (2010-2015)
Authors: Velásquez Orellana Diego , Somma Nicolás
Published: January 2021

En el presente artículo nos proponemos estudiar las maneras en que el Estado chileno responde a las huelgas laborales mediante la acción policial, analizando 552 huelgas entre 2010 y 2015 registradas por el Observatorio de Huelgas Laborales (UAH-COES). Los resultados sugieren que la decisión sobre a qué huelgas enviar policías tiene un carácter político-económico destinado a salvaguardar el control y el orden productivo. Específicamente, la presencia policial aumenta en huelgas realizadas en posiciones estratégicas de la producción económica en Chile, que involucran un mayor número de trabajadores, que demandan un mayor control del proceso de trabajo, y que actúan disruptivamente. Por otra parte, una vez que la policía está presente, sus acciones son más violentas cuando aumenta el número de trabajadores involucrados, se utilizan tácticas disruptivas, y hay presencia de subcontratados.
¿Sueña la izquierda con ovejas eléctricas?
Authors: Díaz Guevara Héctor Hernán
Published: January 2021

Reseña: Monedero, Juan Carlos (2018) La izquierda que asaltó el algoritmo: Fraternidad y digna rabia en tiempos del Big Data. Madrid: Catarata.
SAITAMA E O ENIGMA DO MESTRE
Authors: Frambach Danilo Bantim
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho busca analisar, a partir de uma perspectiva filosófica, o herói Saitama, personagem principal da série de anime e mangá One-Punch Man, sua busca por ser um herói e o seu papel como mestre do ciborgue Genos. À primeira vista, dizer que a relação entre eles constitui de fato a de um mestre e um discípulo, parece um tanto exagerada: apesar de ser visto assim por Genos, Saitama não acredita que tenha qualquer conhecimento a ensinar para o seu autointitulado discípulo. Além disso, apesar de toda sua força, Saitama é atormentado constantemente por um tédio profundo, resultado da incapacidade de encontrar novos desafios como herói. No entanto, acreditamos haver mais em Saitama do que apenas “o herói mais forte”. Ao nos voltarmos para nossa história, vemos que um dos maiores mestres da humanidade também acreditava nada saber: o Sócrates apresentado por Platão afirmava, constantemente, sua própria ignorância. Resta a pergunta: como pode a figura do mestre, representação própria do saber humano, ser ligada a homens que só reconhecem nada saber, e no caso específico de Saitama, nada ter a ensinar?
UTILIZAÇÃO DA SÉRIE ANIMADA “THE LAST AIRBENDER” E “LEGEND OF KORRA” COMO ALICERCE DE UMA PRÁTICA DOCENTE INCLUSIVA
Authors: Rodrigues Ramos Anderson , dos Santos Bonfim Gonçalves Pedro Antonio , Tamiasso-Martinhon Priscila , Sanches Rocha Angela
Published: January 2021

A ampliação dos debates sobre inclusão tem trazido uma maior inserção e participação de gruposhistoricamente marginalizados em diversas mídias e ambientes sociais. Além disso, esses debates frequentementediscutem como esses grupos são simbolizados e representados. Este artigo analisa o engajamento de participantesem utilizar recursos como séries animadas em sua prática pedagógica trazendo questões que permeiam arepresentação desses grupos. O ponto de partida originou-se em uma palestra virtual em que a série animada de

televisão Avatar: The Last Airbender foi usada como tema gerador. Em seguida, procedeu-se a uma pesquisa quali-quantitativa exploratória com a participação de docentes e graduados, - que compartilharam suas percepções sobre a representatividade, quanto à sua importância e implicações - como base para uma reflexão sobre sua práticadocente. Utilizando textos selecionados para discutir o assunto, constatou-se que todos reconheceram a relevânciado tema e se posicionaram favoravelmente ao uso desse tipo de mídia em sua prática docente. Porém, declaramque suas ações seriam limitadas por um currículo rígido ou pelo excesso de tempo que seria necessário para aexecução de tal proposta.
APRESENTAÇÃO
Authors: Maia Leonardo
Published: January 2021

APRESENTAÇÃO - DOSSIÊ A SUPER-EDUCAÇÃO DOS HERÓIS E HEROÍNAS - HQS, FILMES, SÉRIES...