bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective effects of Diospyros kaki and Gardenia jasminoides against ischemic neuronal injury in mice
Authors:   National Institute of Medicinal Materials, Le Thi Xoan , Pham Thi Nguyet Hang ,   National Institute of Medicinal Materials, Nguyen Van Tai ,   National Institute of Medicinal Materials, Le Viet Dung ,   National Institute of Medicinal Materials
Published: May 2018

This study aims to clarify the neuroprotective effects of ethanol extractsofDiospyros kaki (DK) leaves and Gardenia jasminoides (GJ) fruit on cerebral ischemia injury using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in mice. Swiss albino mice were daily treated with DK extract (125-500 mg/kg b.w) and GJ extract (250-1,000 mg/kg b.w) for 1 week before being subjected to MCAO. The administration of edaravone (6 mg/kg, i.v), which was a reference drug, was started immediately after MCAO. DK and edaravone treatment improved neurological deficits and reduced infarct volume of MCAO mice compared to that of a vehicle-treated one. GJ treatment improved neurological deficits, but did not affect the infarct volume of MCAO mice. These results suggested that the DK and GJ treatment might be beneficial for protecting the neuronal system against cerebral ischemic injury.
PENGARUH KEPERCAYAAN DAN PERSEPSI RISIKO TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN E-COMMERCE PADA TOKOPEDIA.COM DI JAKARTA PUSAT
Authors: Rahmadi Heksawan , Malik Deni
Published: May 2018

This research aim to determine : (1) the effect of trust toward on purchasing decisions on Tokopedia at Central Jakarta. (2) the effect od perceived risk towardon purchasing decisions on Tokopedia at Cental Jakarta. (3) the effect of trust and perceived risk toward on purchasing decisions on Tokopedia at Central Jakarta. The type of research used in this study was a survey. The population in this study was citizens of Central Jakarta familiar with Tokopedia.com site. The total sample of 150 people. The data collection technique used in this study was quuestionnaire that has been tasted for validly and reliability. The data analysis technique employed in this study to answer the hypothesis was multiple regressions. The result of this study shows that : (1) There is a positive effect of trust toward on purchasing decisions on Tokopedia at Central Jakarta. It is proven from the value of 4,020 with 0,000 significance value of less than 0,05 (0,000<0,05). (2) There is a negative effect of perceived risk toward on purchasing decisions on Tokopedia at Central Jakarta. It is proven from the value of -0,796 with 0,428 significance value of more than 0,05 (0,428>0,05). (3) There is a positive effect of trust and perceived risk toward on purchasing decisions on Tokopedia at Central Jakarta. It is proven from the value of 8,354 with 0,000 significance value of less than 0,05 (0,000<0,05). Based on this, it is recommended to continue to boost consumer confidence by minimizing the risks that exist in electronic commerce transactions in order to achieve customer satisfaction so that recommend the purchase to others.
ANALISIS PERUBAHAN TARIF PAJAK DAERAH BERDASARKAN UU NO.28 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG PAJAK DAERAH DAN RETRIBUSI DAERAH (STUDI KASUS: PAJAK KENDARAAN BERMOTOR (PKB) DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA)
Authors: Hidayati Mainita
Published: May 2018

Penelitian  ini membahas tentang perubahan tarif pajak daerah berdasarkan UU No. 28 tentang Pajak Daerah dan Retribusi Daerah (Studi Kasus : Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB) Di Propinsi DKI Jakarta) dalam bahasannya juga menganalisis mengenai tarif progresif, earmarking dan potensi peningkatan penerimaan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menyarankan bahwa penerapan tarif progresif harus disertai dengan perbaikan sistem adminitrasi melalui Single Identity Number (SIN) untuk mencapai hasil yang optimal, menaikkan tarif pajak parkir dan retribusi parkir, dan potensi peningkatan penerimaan Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor dengan memungut Pajak Kendaraan Bermotor atas kendaraan pemerintah.
ANALISIS PENGENDALIAN PEMANFAATAN RUANG DI KOTA SALATIGA
Authors: Setyaningsih Istianah
Published: May 2018

Salatiga is one of the cities that were in the area of nationally strategic Kedungsepur, and has potential of natural resources and infrastructure and facilities provide opportunities for Salatiga city to grow and evolve and one of them with carrying out development. High levels of development making Salatiga city get in trouble in terms of the use of space, among athor limited land which resulted in the opening of agricultural lamd the offense of between spatial plan from the utilization of space, and weal law enforcement againts violations.The focus and purpose of the research is to describe and analyze how the implementastion  controling the utilization space in Salatiga City.In addition to describe and analyze the factors that contribute to the implementation of controling the utilization space in Salatiga space. The theory used in this research is Public Administration, Public Implementation, and control of spatial use of space. This research uses qualitative research type by using doamin analysis method, analysis of the taxonomy and analysis of overlay map within view the implementation of controling the utilization space in Salatiga space. The respondent who used, among others Dinas Cipta Karya dan Ruang Kota Salatiga, Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Salatiga and the people of Salatiga city.The result of this research explains that the implementation of the control usage space in the Salatiga city is implemented in stages of monitoring and curbing. But in the process of implementation encountered obstacles related to managing human resources, implementing agencies coordination, process evaluation of utilization of space, the implementing agencies carried out socialization, budget execution control and the lackof participation from people of teh Salatiga city. This caused the control usage space in the Salatiga city not running optimally.Implementation of the control usage space in the Salatiga city can be maximized by means of the control activities in society involve the utilization of space, increasing the budget for tha activity control, improve coordination of agencies implementing, improving socialization about controling the utilization of space and increase the involvement of private and the people of the Salatiga city,
PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMASARAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN WISATAWAN MELALUI KUALITAS PELAYANAN	(STUDI KASUS OBYEK WISATA KEPULAUAN SERIBU)
Authors: Sari Sukarni Novita
Published: May 2018

Tourism sector became strategic and significant when it taken seriously and done professionally. Selling tourism products and services need not only a coordination, but a good cooperation between all organizations that are responsible for developing tourism sector and all parties involved or associated with tourism activities. One effort that can be done is to develop a marketing strategy that is expected to attract tourists back and also can create self-satisfaction in tourists.To obtain optimal results, this marketing strategy has a broad scope in the field of marketing of which is a strategy in the face of competition, pricing strategy, product strategy, service strategy and so on. Therefore, this study will analyze about the influence of marketing strategies and quality of service to tourist satisfaction.The method used in this research is quantitative with the questionnaire as a data collection tool to obtain the responses of the respondents regarding the variables in this study. The data analysis technique used in this research is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Respondents involved in this study are 120 tourists that also customers of CV Ryzqi Samudra.The research proves that the marketing strategy has a positive and significant impact on the quality of services and satisfaction of tourists. Variable quality of service also has a positive and significant impact on tourist satisfaction.
PENGARUH MOTIVASI BELAJAR DAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN TERHADAP PRESTASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PROGRAM STUDI KOMPUTERISASI AKUNTASI POLITEKNIK LP3I JAKARTA KAMPUS BLOK M”
Authors: Alam Asmawi Mangku
Published: May 2018

This study was taken from the thesis that aims to analyze how big Influence of Motivation and Learning Method of the Achievement of Student Learning Program Computerized Accounting Polytechnic LP3I Jakarta Campus Blok M "study was conducted that indicated that student achievement of students having a bit of trouble and it was suspected because they elmahnya motivation and learning methods dilakukakan by students concernedThe sampling method used is the technique of sampling Sampling saturated namely by taking them as a population of 50 samples. Data that has met the test of validity and reliability further processed to produce a regression equation Y = 0.850 + 0645 + 0117 X2 X1, which wherein Y is variable learning achievement, X1 is a variable of learning motivation and X2 is variable learning methodMotivation to learn is partially positive effect on learning achievement indicated by the r value of 0.682, which means a strong relationship between them. The learning method is partially positive effect on learning achievement indicated by the r value of 0.458 which means the relationship between them is very strong. Variables simultaneously teaching and learning media capabilities have a significant impact on the learning citizen satisfaction shown by the r value of 0.687 which means the relationship between them is very strong. While the coefficient of determination R-square value of 0, 4719, which means that the variation of all the independent variables that motivation to learn and learning methods may explain the variable student achievement by 47.19%, while the remaining 52.81% is explained by other variables that are not submitted within this research.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN ETOS KERJA TERHADAP KUALITAS PELAYANAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Indriany Yunita
Published: May 2018

The influence of organizational culture and work ethos against the quality of student services (LP3I Polytechnic Case Study in Jakarta, Campus Cibinong) This study aims to how much influence organizational culture, work ethic on the level of customer satisfaction. The sampling method used is Proportionate random sampling. The sample in this study follows the formula of Slovin, or as many as 80 students and 21 staff employees. The data that have met the test of validity and reliability testing further processed to generate a regression equation of Y = X1 + 0.025 0.457+ 0678 X2, where Y is the variable quality of student services, organizational culture is a variable X1 and X2 are variables work ethic. Hypothesis testing using t-test showed that each of the independent variables studied was shown to significantly affect the dependent variable partially on the quality of student services. Then through the F test can be seen that the two independent variables were examined simultaneously shown to affect the dependent variable quality of student services. Figures Adjusted R Square of 0.697menunjukkan that 69.7% Customer Satisfaction variables can be explained by the two independent variables, while the remaining 30.3% is explained by other variables.
PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN NILAI PELANGGAN TERHADAP TINGKAT KEPUASAN MAHASISWA (STUDI KASUS DI UNIVERSITAS AZZAHRA JAKARTA)
Authors: Hidayat Asep Candra
Published: May 2018

This study aimed to analyze how much influence service quality, customer value on the level of customer satisfaction. The sampling method used is Proportionate Random Sampling. The sample in this study followed the formula Slovin, or as many as 100 students of  Azzahra University, Jakarta.Data that has met the test of validity and reliability further processed to produce a regression equation Y = 0.484+ 0021 0686 X1 + X2, where Y is the variable rate Student Satisfaction, X1 is a variable Quality of Service and Customer Value X2 is variable.Hypothesis testing using t test showed that each of the independent variables studied was shown to significantly affect partially dependent variable Student Satisfaction.Quality of service partially positive effect on customer satisfaction shown by the r value of 0.663, which means a strong relationship between them. While the value of the coefficient of determination (R2) amounted to 0,439, which means that service quality may explain the variable of student satisfaction of 43.9%, while the remaining 56.1% is explained by other variables.Customer value partially positive effect on customer satisfaction shown by the r value of 0.832 which means the relationship between them is very strong. While the value of the coefficient of determination (R2) amounted to 0,692, which means that service quality may explain the variable of student satisfaction at 69.2%, while the remaining 30.8% is explained by other variables.Then through the F test can be known simultaneously that both variables of service quality and customer value has a significant impact on customer satisfaction shown by the r value of 0.835 which means the relationship between them is very strong. While the value of the coefficient of determination (R2) is equal to 0.697, which means that service quality may explain the variable of student satisfaction at 69.7%, while the remaining 30.3% is explained by other variables.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KECUKUPAN MODAL, EFISIENSI, LIKUIDITAS, NPL, DAN PPAP TERHADAP ROA BANK
Authors: Hidajat Krisna
Published: May 2018

This research  is performed  in order  to test the influence  of  the  variable, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Biaya Operasi terhadap Pendapatan Operasi (BOPO), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Non Performing Loan (NPL), and Pembentukan Penyisihan Aktiva Produktif (PPAP) toward Return on Asset (ROA).Methodology reseach as the sample used sensus. Sample was accuired 23 banking company listed in JSX over period 2010-2013. Data analysis with multi linear regression of ordinary least square and hypotheses test used t-statistic dan F-statistic at level of significance  5%, a classic assumption  examination  which consist  of data  normality  test,  multicolinierity  test,  heteroskedasticity  test  and autocorrelation test is also being done to test the hypotheses.During research  period show' as variable and data research was normal distributed.  Based  on  multicolinierity  test,  heteroskedasticity  test  and autocorrelation test classic assumption deviation has not founded, tihis indicate that the available data has fulfill  the condition to use multi linear regression model. Empirical evidence show as CAR. BOPO and LDR toward ROA banking listed in JSX over period 2010-2013  at level of significance less than 5% (as 0,01%,0,01% and 0,6% each). While,  two  independent  variable  NPL,  and PPAP  not influence toward R0A at level of significance more than 5% at 88,2% and 72,7%. Where it was proved that together this research is performed in order to test the influence  of the variable  CAR,  BOPO,  LDR,  NPL and PPAP  to have influence toward banking ROA in JSX at level less than 5% (with level of significance 0,05). Prediction capability from these seven variable toward ROA is 35,1% where the balance (64,9%) is affected to other factor which was not to be entered to research model.
PELAKSANAAN MANAJEMEN K3 PADA PT ADYAWINSA T & E DI JAKARTA
Authors: Sofiana Maya
Published: May 2018

This writing aims to know how to implement of Occupational safety and health (OHS)  management, obstacles, and solutions on PT Adyawinsa Telecommunication & Electrical. This writing is executed on PT Adyawinsa Telecommunication & Electrical, with the methods of literature writing, observation, and interviews.The results of this writing is represent that, implement of Occupational safety and health management (OHS) is still not suitable because it is still in development stage, so less than the maximum in the application of plicies and procedures of OHS.The implemetation of OHS is the determination of OHS policy, the implementation of OHS wich consists of inspectionOHS and awareness raising program of OHS, and monitoring  and evaluation of OHS.The constraints faced is implement of Occupational safety and health management (OHS) is difficult to make changes in the implementation of OHS, lack of undersatanding and awareness of employees to risk in the work environtment, lack of basic understanding measurement inspection ofOHS,”safety talk” is difficult is difficult for employees who are in site/DOP, lack of understanding ofOHS  procedures, training modules, and difficulty adjustment schedule of leaderThe solutions in facing is implement of Occupational safety and health management (OHS) is the required awareness and support of the implementation of the OHS for all parties, the importance of APD socialization, make clear basic mesurement/standard for inspection OHS, safety talk is done via email for empoyee who is in site/DOP, the importance of understanding of OHS procedure before disseminating, preparing more training modules and making management review and review schedule a year ahead.
POSITIONING CITRA PKS DI MATA KONSTITUEN (SEBUAH PENDEKATAN BRAND ASSOCIATION TERHADAP KONSTITUEN PKS DI KELURAHAN JATI, KECAMATAN PULOGADUNG, JAKARTA TIMUR )
Authors: Rosma Angelika
Published: May 2018

This research analyzes the Positioning of PKS image to its constituents in Jati Village, Pulogadung Sub-district. The positioning of this party image uses the theory of brand association and positioning theory. This research uses quantitative approach with survey method and cluster analysis. The largest cluster result shows that PKS image is still good and its positioning is the Da'wah Party.
PROGRAM SERAMBI ISLAMI EDISI JUM’AT PADA SESI TELETILAWAH (Upaya TVRI untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Membaca Alquran Secara Tartil bagi Pemirsa)
Authors: Furrie Wulan
Published: May 2018

Quran is "the way of life" for Muslims. Reading Quran with tarteel is a must (Fardhu Ain). Therefore, TVRI as a public television that has a vision of educating the life of the nation contributed to invite audiences to improve their ability to read Quran with tarteel. This study aimed to determine what efforts made by TVRI to improve audiences’ knowledge in reading Quran with tarteel. Qualitative research method used in this study with in-depth interview. Informant in this study was a producer who has ideas to create programs TELETILAWAH Serambi Islami on Friday edition. The analysis used Theories of influences on Mass Media Content introduced by Pamela J Shoemaker and Stephen D. Reese. The results of this study found a large number of audiences’ attention to these programs and increased their awareness to read the Quran with tarteel.
PEMBERITAAN BANGKITNYA PKI DALAM MEDIA MASSA (Analisis Semiotika Sosial M.A.K Halliday pada Isu Pemberitaan Bangkitnya Partai Komunis Indonesia di Media Online)
Authors: Turistiati Ade Tuti
Published: May 2018

Mass media coverage on the rise of the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) became public attention including its news on online media. Online media that reported it among others are Republika.co.id, Liputan6.com, and Merdeka.com. The purpose of this study is to find out how online media in Indonesia discourse news text in the issue of the rise of PKI by using a qualitative approach, social semiotics method version of M.A.K Halliday. As an online medium that has certain characteristics such as speed, it was clearly seen in this news. The media became biased and ignored journalistic principles, including the principle of online journalism. The three online media that became the object of this study showed images and illustrations which were provocative and not in accordance to the reported facts. The three media have done news construction subjectively and were less professional.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI ORANG DENGAN HIV AIDS (ODHA) MENGHADAPI STIGMA MASYARAKAT
Authors: Makmur Riniwaty
Published: May 2018

Results of various researches about people with HIV AIDS (ODHA) concluded that in general, stigma happens to ODHA. Stigma has been a basis for discrimination against ODHA and becoming obstacle in many efforts to overcome impact of HIV AIDS. This research uses the qualitative approach and the data was collected through interview, document review, including discussion found in specific websites used by ODHA support group. The research uncovered that ODHA has been stigmatized by a range of group such as family, school, and religious leader.  In dealing with stigma, some of ODHAs prefer to keep their status in secret, in order to protect themselves and their family, and some others choose to be straightforward about their condition. The decision on what strategy to take, significantly depends on support they receive from family and their significant others.
ÜLKEMİZDE FARKLI MATERYALLERDEN ÜRETİLMİŞ KOVANLARDA BARINDIRILAN BAL ARISI (Apis mellifera L.) KOLONİLERİNİN DOĞU AKDENİZ SAHİL ŞERİDİNDE KIŞLAMA ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: YENİNAR Halil
Published: May 2018

Bu çalışma; hakim  çiçekli bitki

türü püren (Erica manipuliflora) ve

okaliptüs (Eucalyptus camaldulensis)

olan Doğu Akdeniz sahil şeridinde (Samandağ/Hatay) kasım-mart ayları arasında styrofoam, ahşap, kontrplak, ızgaralı kontrplak ve izoleli kontrplak malzemeden yapılmış kovanlarda kışlatılan toplam 75 adet balarısı (Apis mellifera L.) kolonilerinde % yaşama gücü, kışlama kabiliyeti ve koloni ağırlık değişimlerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür.

 

Araştırmada; farklı tip ve materyallerinden üretilmiş kovanlarda kışlayan balarısı kolonilerindeki % yaşama gücü değerleri 100 ile izoleli kontrplak, 94,44 ızgaralı kontrplak, 93,33 styrofoam, 88,23 kontrplak 85,00 ile ahşap kovanlarda gözlenmiştir. Ortalama % kışlama kabiliyetleri (±S.H.) 86,67±5,31 ile styrofoam,

80,61±4,23 ızgaralı kontrplak, 74,29±7,94 izoleli kontrplak, 68,84±5,49 kontrplak ve 65,89±4,19 ahşap kovanlarda kışlayan kolonilerde gözlenmiştir

(P<0.05).

 

Bölgede kışlama süresince araştırma kolonilerinde ortalama (±S.H.) 2,18±0,24 kg/koloni ağırlık kazancı gözlenmiştir. Ağırlık değişimi izoleli kontrplak 3,85±0,88, ızgaralı kontrplak 3,21±0,54, styrofoam

2,36±0,40, kontrplak, 1,37±0,60 ve ahşap, 1,22±0,27 kg/koloni

olarak belirlenmiştir (P<0.05).
CRIPTOMOEDA VIRTUAL
Authors: Donato Leonardo Poletto , Neto Brazelino Bertolete
Published: June 2018

Ao longo dos anos, obtiveram-se vários avanços em todas as áreas da tecnologia, tais como mensagens eletrônicas, redes sociais, aprimoramento da capacidade visual para uso medicinal, internet das coisas e afins. Agora chegou o momento de o dinheiro ser digital também, mas não pelo fato que já conhecemos, como internet banking, mas por uma nova metodologia, da moeda não ter seu estado físico, somente digital, ser de pessoa para pessoa, além de ter uma proposta de segurança maior por ser criptografada. Este artigo tem o intuito de apresentar o que é a criptomoeda virtual, focado em Bitcoin, o surgimento, propósito e quais estão sendo seus impactos mundiais, já que é uma nova maneira de se ter e guardar dinheiro. O objetivo é de informar sobre o porquê de ela estar muito valorizada atualmente, seus benefícios e malefícios na sociedade, o porquê de ela se tornar o dinheiro do futuro e, assim, mostrar sua inovadora funcionalidade.
Colorectal cancer screening for average‐risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society
Authors: Wolf Andrew M.D. , Fontham Elizabeth T.H. , Church Timothy R. , Flowers Christopher R. , Guerra Carmen E. , LaMonte Samuel J. , Etzioni Ruth , McKenna Matthew T. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Shih Ya‐Chen Tina , Walter Louise C. , Andrews Kimberly S. , Brawley Otis W. , Brooks Durado , Fedewa Stacey A. , Manassaram‐Baptiste Deana , Siegel Rebecca L. , Wender Richard C. , Smith Robert A.
Published: May 2018

In the United States, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer diagnosed among adults and the second leading cause of death from cancer. For this guideline update, the American Cancer Society (ACS) used an existing systematic evidence review of the CRC screening literature and microsimulation modeling analyses, including a new evaluation of the age to begin screening by race and sex and additional modeling that incorporates changes in US CRC incidence. Screening with any one of multiple options is associated with a significant reduction in CRC incidence through the detection and removal of adenomatous polyps and other precancerous lesions and with a reduction in mortality through incidence reduction and early detection of CRC. Results from modeling analyses identified efficient and model‐recommendable strategies that started screening at age 45 years. The ACS Guideline Development Group applied the Grades of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria in developing and rating the recommendations. The ACS recommends that adults aged 45 years and older with an average risk of CRC undergo regular screening with either a high‐sensitivity stool‐based test or a structural (visual) examination, depending on patient preference and test availability. As a part of the screening process, all positive results on noncolonoscopy screening tests should be followed up with timely colonoscopy. The recommendation to begin screening at age 45 years is a qualified recommendation. The recommendation for regular screening in adults aged 50 years and older is a strong recommendation. The ACS recommends (qualified recommendations) that: 1) average‐risk adults in good health with a life expectancy of more than 10 years continue CRC screening through the age of 75 years; 2) clinicians individualize CRC screening decisions for individuals aged 76 through 85 years based on patient preferences, life expectancy, health status, and prior screening history; and 3) clinicians discourage individuals older than 85 years from continuing CRC screening. The options for CRC screening are: fecal immunochemical test annually; high‐sensitivity, guaiac‐based fecal occult blood test annually; multitarget stool DNA test every 3 years; colonoscopy every 10 years; computed tomography colonography every 5 years; and flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:250–281. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
From the Desk of Editor-in-Chief Vol 8(2)
Authors: Khan Md Aminul Haque
Published: May 2018

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2018; 8(2): 59
Unusual Foreign Bodies in the Lower Genitourinary Tract
Authors: Habibullah Tarafder , Rahman Md Sumon
Published: May 2018

Foreign body in the lower genitourinary tract is a relatively rare occurrence. A variety of foreign bodies have been reported in the literature. Commonly reported condition under which foreign bodies are introduced into genitourinary tract is autoeroticism. The highest incidence occurs in homosexuals, lesbians and masochism. But self-introduction of foreign body in the vagina in a 5-year-old girl is an extremely rare occurrence. Here we report two cases of self-inserted lower genitourinary foreign body in two different ages.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(2): 105-107
A 50-Year-Old Male with Dapsone Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Authors: Khondker Lubna , Wahab Farhana , Aslam Azmiree Binte
Published: May 2018

Dapsone, diamino-diphenyl sulfone, is an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drug which is used worldwide for treating many diseases, such as leprosy, dermatitis herpetiformis, linear IgA bullous dermatosis, chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood, bullous eruption of systemic lupus erythematosus, erythema elevatum diutinum, leukocytoclastic vasculitis, polyarteritis nodosa and other kinds of vasculitis, prurigo nodularis, nodulocystic acne, cutaneous mycetoma, pustular psoriasis, malaria, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia etc. Since it is widely used, the adverse effects of this drug attract the attention of doctors from different specialities. Dapsone can cause several adverse effects, the most serious one is idiosyncratic systemic hypersensitivity syndrome, namely dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome (DHS), which is potentially fatal, characterized by fever, facial edema with infiltrated papules, generalized papulopustular or exanthematous rash which may extend to exfoliative dermatitis, eosinophilia, lymphadenopathy, hematologic involvement and organ involvement such as hepatitis, nephritis, pneumonitis, encephalitis, myocarditis occurring after 3–6 weeks of drug therapy. Here we have described a case of dapsone hypersensitivity syndrome developed after dapsone therapy for prurigo nodularis. The case is being reported to emphasize the need for timely diagnosis and prompt treatment of this rare complication for successful outcomes. Physicians should be aware of this infrequent but potentially fatal severe form of adverse reaction that can mimic other conditions.J Enam Med Col 2018; 8(2): 108-113
Dandy-Walker Malformation — A Rare Cause of Congenital Hydrocephalus
Authors: Sharmin Lazina
Published: May 2018

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2018; 8(2): 114-115
Reviewers in this Issue Vol 8(2)
Authors: Editor -
Published: May 2018

Abstract not availableJ Enam Med Col 2018; 8(2): 118
“Utopia First!” A Machiavellian Conception of Solidarity in More's Utopia
Authors: Phélippeau Marie-Claire
Published: May 2018

This paper shows how solidarity is one of the founding principles in Thomas More's Utopia (1516). In the fictional republic of Utopia described in Book II, solidarity has a political and a moral function. The principle is at the center of the communal organization of Utopian society, exemplified in a number of practices such as the sharing of farm work, the management of surplus crops, or the democratic elections of the governor and the priests. Not only does solidarity benefit the individual Utopian, but it is a prerequisite to ensure the prosperity of the island of Utopia and its moral preeminence over its neighboring countries. However, a limit to this principle is drawn when the republic of Utopia faces specific social difficulties, and also deals with the rest of the world. In order for the principle of solidarity to function perfectly, it is necessary to apply it exclusively within the island or the republic would be at risk. War is not out of the question then, and compassion does not apply to all human beings. This conception of solidarity, summed up as “Utopia first!,” could be dubbed a Machiavellian strategy, devised to ensure the durability of the republic. We will show how some of the recommendations of Realpolitik made by Machiavelli in The Prince (1532) correspond to the Utopian policy enforced to protect their commonwealth.
One Shot 360-Degree Light Field Capture and Reconstruction with Depth Extraction Based on Optical Flow for Light Field Camera
Authors: Jeong Youngmo , Moon Seokil , Jeong Jinsoo , Li Gang , Cho Jaebum , Lee Byoungho
Published: May 2018

A system for capturing 360-degree light field information of real-existing object in one shot and then optically reconstructing is proposed. A new depth extraction algorithm for light field cameras is proposed and various camera specifications for practical use of the algorithm are employed for the analysis. With a depth extraction method that was based on optical flow for light field camera, the depth information is extracted more accurately, according to the various specifications of light field camera. For 360-degree shooting, a simple capturing system composed of two mirrors and a light field camera is used. The capturing system has an advantage of being compact and inexpensive. The locations and orientations of the two mirrors are analyzed to optimize 360-degree light field recording. Holographic display is used to optically reconstruct the captured light field information. Experimental and simulation results are presented to support the proposed system and analysis.
Numerical Assessment of the Convective Heat Transfer in Rotating Detonation Combustors Using a Reduced-Order Model
Authors: Braun James , Sousa Jorge , Paniagua Guillermo
Published: May 2018

The pressure gain across a rotating detonation combustor offers an efficiency rise and potential architecture simplification of compact gas turbine engines. However, the combustor walls of the rotating detonation combustor are periodically swept by both detonation and oblique shock waves at several kilohertz, disrupting the boundary layer, resulting in a rather complex convective heat transfer between the fluid and the solid walls. A computationally fast procedure is presented to calculate this extraordinary convective heat flux along the detonation combustor. First, a numerical model combining a two-dimensional method of characteristics approach with a monodimensional reaction model is used to compute the combustor flow field. Then, an integral boundary layer routine is used to predict the main boundary layer parameters. Finally, an empirical correlation is adopted to predict the convective heat-transfer coefficient to obtain the bulk and local heat flux. The procedure has been applied to a combustor operating with premixed hydrogen–air fuel. The results of this approach compare well with high-fidelity unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes three-dimensional simulations, which included wall refinement in an unrolled combustor. The model demonstrates that total pressure has an important influence on heat flux within the combustor and is less dependent on the inlet total temperature. For an inlet total pressure of 0.5 MPa and an inlet total temperature of 300 K, a peak time-averaged heat flux of 6 MW/m2 was identified at the location of the triple point, followed by a decrease downstream of the oblique shock, to about 4 MW/m2. Maximum discrepancy between the reduced-order model and the high-fidelity solver was 16%, but the present reduced-order model required a computational time of only 200 s, that is, about 7000 times faster than the high-fidelity three-dimensional unsteady solver. Therefore, the present tool can be used to optimize the combustor cooling system.
A Goal-Driven Evaluation Method Based On Process Mining for Healthcare Processes
Authors: Gurgen Erdogan Tugba , Tarhan Ayca
Published: May 2018

As a business processes management technique, process mining (PM) has been applied in many domains in the last decade. In healthcare, where most processes are complex, variable, dynamic, and multi-disciplinary in nature, application of this technique is growing, yet challenging. Therefore, this study aims to introduce a goal-driven process evaluation method based on PM for healthcare processes. The proposed method comprises the following steps: defining goals and questions, data extraction, data preprocessing, log and pattern inspection, PM analysis and generating answers to questions, evaluating results, and initiating proposals for process improvements. The proposed method was applied in a case study on the surgery process of a university hospital in Turkey, which revealed for quantitative insights into the process. Bottlenecks and deviations that were crucial for determining measures (e.g., data and performance information) were identified to improve the efficiency of the surgery process. Our initial experience using the proposed method shows that it has potential for initiating process improvements by guiding the use of PM techniques in the healthcare domain.
Living Light 2018: Conference Report
Authors: Onelli Olimpia D. , Wilts Bodo D. , Vignolini Silvia
Published: May 2018

Living Light is a biennial conference focused on all aspects of light–matter interaction in biological organisms with a broad, interdisciplinary outlook. The 2018 edition was held at the Møller Centre in Cambridge, UK, from April 11th to April 14th, 2018. Living Light’s main goal is to bring together researchers from different backgrounds (e.g., biologists, physicists and engineers) in order to discuss the current state of the field and sparkle new collaborations and new interdisciplinary projects. With over 90 national and international attendees, the 2018 edition of the conference was strongly multidisciplinary: oral and poster presentations encompassed a wide range of topics ranging from the evolution and development of structural colors in living organisms and their genetic manipulation to the study of fossil photonic structures.
Temporal and Spatial Ozone Distribution over Egypt
Authors: El-Tahan Muhammed
Published: May 2018

The long-term temporal trends and spatial distribution of Ozone (O3) over Egypt is presented using monthly data from both the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and the model Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA) datasets. The twelve-year monthly record (2005–2016) of the Total Ozone Column (TOC) has a spatial resolution of 1 × 1° from AIRS and 0.5 × 0.625° from the MERRA-2 dataset. The average monthly, seasonal and interannual time series are analyzed for their temporal trends, while the seasonal average spatial distributions are compared. It was found that MERRA-2 underestimated AIRS measurements. Both AIRS and MERRA-2 have their minimum monthly averages of TOC in February 2013. The maximum monthly average TOC from AIRS is 321.48 DU in July 2012, while that from MERRA-2 is 303.48 in April 2011.
Methodical Aspects of Biogas Production in Small-Volume Bioreactors in Laboratory Investigations
Authors: Kasprzycka Agnieszka , Kuna Jan
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to develop a methodology to investigate the biofermentation process in small-volume fermenters. Dark serum bottles with a volume of 100–120 mL, tightly sealed with a rubber septum, were used as bioreactors. The optimum measurement conditions in this type of bioreactor comprise: (i) filling two-thirds of the maximum volume with a suspension; (ii) a 2% bioreactor loading (on a dry basis) and; (iii) the daily equalization of pressure by removing the biogas through the septum pierced with a syringe needle and the intensive mixing of the remaining suspension. The methane yield (quantity and dynamics) obtained in this type of bioreactor is analogous to that of industrial bioreactors or large-scale laboratory bioreactors. The use of small-volume bioreactors that can be incubated will facilitate the preliminary selection of analysed systems and provide an indication of those that should be investigated in large-scale bioreactors.
Transmission Strategies Used by Gyrodactylus gasterostei (Monogenea) on Its Host, the Three-Spined Stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus
Authors: Grano-Maldonado Mayra I. , Moreno-Navas Juan , Rodriguez-Santiago Maria Amparo
Published: May 2018

The monogenean Gyrodactylus gasterostei and its host, the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, were employed as a model system to investigate the influence of gyrodactylid maturity on host transfer. Laboratory experiments included the determination of maturity (presence of a male copulatory organ) and reproductive status (presence of a daughter parasite) of the transmitting worms. Parasites with a male copulatory organ were more likely to abandon the host and attempt a host transfer. Additionally, in vivo video observation suggested that detached worms employ water turbulence to assist their effective transfer onto a new host.
Application of Composite Hydrogels to Control Physical Properties in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Sheffield Cassidy , Meyers Kaylee , Johnson Emil , Rajachar Rupak M.
Published: May 2018

The development of biomaterials for the restoration of the normal tissue structure–function relationship in pathological conditions as well as acute and chronic injury is an area of intense investigation. More recently, the use of tailored or composite hydrogels for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has sought to bridge the gap between natural tissues and applied biomaterials more clearly. By applying traditional concepts in engineering composites, these hydrogels represent hierarchical structured materials that translate more closely the key guiding principles required for improved recovery of tissue architecture and functional behavior, including physical, mass transport, and biological properties. For tissue-engineering scaffolds in general, and more specifically in composite hydrogel materials, each of these properties provide unique qualities that are essential for proper augmentation and repair following disease and injury. The broad focus of this review is on physical properties in particular, static and dynamic mechanical properties provided by composite hydrogel materials and their link to native tissue architecture and, ultimately, tissue-specific applications for composite hydrogels.
A Machine Learning Filter for the Slot Filling Task
Authors: Lange Di Cesare Kevin , Zouaq Amal , Gagnon Michel , Jean-Louis Ludovic
Published: May 2018

Slot Filling, a subtask of Relation Extraction, represents a key aspect for building structured knowledge bases usable for semantic-based information retrieval. In this work, we present a machine learning filter whose aim is to enhance the precision of relation extractors while minimizing the impact on the recall. Our approach consists in the filtering of relation extractors’ output using a binary classifier. This classifier is based on a wide array of features including syntactic, semantic and statistical features such as the most frequent part-of-speech patterns or the syntactic dependencies between entities. We experimented the classifier on the 18 participating systems in the TAC KBP 2013 English Slot Filling track. The TAC KBP English Slot Filling track is an evaluation campaign that targets the extraction of 41 pre-identified relations (e.g., title, date of birth, countries of residence, etc.) related to specific named entities (persons and organizations). Our results show that the classifier is able to improve the global precision of the best 2013 system by 20.5% and improve the F1-score for 20 relations out of 33 considered.
Trends in Deaths from Rheumatic Heart Disease in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: Burden and Challenges
Authors: Abul-Fadl Azza M. A. M. , Mourad Maha M. , Ghamrawy Alaa , Sarhan Ayah Ebada
Published: May 2018

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a preventable disease that is prevalent in developing regions of the world. Its eradication from most of the developed world indicates that this disease can be controlled and eliminated. Aim: To conduct an in-depth analysis of the trends and challenges of controlling RHD in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR). Methodology: Global data from the World Health Organization (WHO) data banks were retrieved for total deaths and age standardized death rate per 100,000 (ASDR) by age group, sex, and year (from 2000 to 2015). The data was compared with the five other WHO regions of the world. We also performed in-depth analysis by socio-economic groups in relation to other attributes in the region related to population growth, illiteracy, and nutritional status. Indicators of service delivery were correlated with ASDR from RHD. Findings: Prevalence of RHD in 2015 in the EMR region was one-third of that of the total deaths reported in the Asian and West Pacific regions. The total deaths for the region peaked twice: in early adulthood and again later in old age, and was higher in females than in males. There was a rising trend in deaths from RHD from 2000 to 2015. The highest total deaths were reported from Egypt, Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and Yemen, representing 80% of the total death rates for the region (35,248). The highest ASDR was Afghanistan (27.5), followed by Yemen (18.78) and Egypt (15.59). The ASDR for RHD was highest in low income countries. It correlated highly, in all income groups, with anemia during pregnancy. Conclusions: Trends and patterns of deaths from RHD in the EMR have shifted to a later age group and are linked with poverty related to inequalities in development and service delivery for certain age groups and gender.
Real-World Use and Outcomes of ALK-Positive Crizotinib-Treated Metastatic NSCLC in US Community Oncology Practices: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Reynolds Craig , Masters Elizabeth T. , Black-Shinn Jenny , Boyd Marley , Mardekian Jack , Espirito Janet L. , Chioda Marc
Published: May 2018

Introduction: Around 3–5% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are ALK-positive. Crizotinib was the first approved ALK inhibitor from clinical trials. However, there are less data on the utilization and patient outcomes associated with crizotinib in real-world clinical practice. Methods: This was a retrospective, observational study of adult crizotinib-treated ALK-positive metastatic NSCLC patients who received treatment between 1 September 2011 and 31 October 2014, with follow up through 31 December 2015. Data were obtained via programmatic queries of the US Oncology Network/McKesson Specialty Health electronic health record database, supplemented with chart abstraction. Overall survival (OS) and time to treatment failure (TTF) were estimated from crizotinib initiation using the Kaplan–Meier (KM) method. Results: Of the n = 199 ALK-positive crizotinib-treated patients meeting eligibility criteria, crizotinib was prescribed as first line (1 L) in n = 123 (61.8%). The majority (88.9%) had confirmed adenocarcinoma histology and 32.2% had brain metastases at initial diagnosis. Median age at crizotinib initiation was 60.2 years (range 27.1–88.2); 54.8% were never smokers, 33.7% were former smokers. Treatment of 250 mg, twice daily, was most commonly prescribed (89.5%) with the dose unchanged from an initial dose in 79.4% of patients. The primary discontinuation reason was progression (n = 91, 58.7%). Patients (3.2%) were identified as discontinuing crizotinib as a result of treatment-related toxicity. With median follow-up time of 13.0 months (min–max = 0.03–46.6), median OS from crizotinib initiation was 33.8 months (95% CI = 24.3–38.8). Median TTF was 10.4 months. Conclusions: Crizotinib usage evaluated within the real-world setting is consistent with prior phase III clinical trial data, and illustrates the real-world effectiveness of crizotinib.
The Role of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Differentiation of Head and Neck Masses
Authors: Kanmaz Lutfi , Karavas Erdal
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) in differentiating benign and malignant head and neck masses by comparing their apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The study included 32 patients with a neck mass >1 cm in diameter who were examined with echo planar DW-MRI. Two different diffusion gradients (b values of b = 0 and b = 1000 s/mm2) were applied. DWI and ADC maps of 32 neck masses in 32 patients were obtained. Mean ADC values of benign and malignant neck lesions were measured and compared statistically. A total of 15 (46.9%) malignant masses and 17 (53.1%) benign masses were determined. Of all the neck masses, the ADC value of cystic masses was the highest and that of lymphomas was the lowest. The mean ADC values of benign and malignant neck masses were 1.57 × 10−3 mm2/s and 0.90 × 10−3 mm2/s, respectively. The difference between mean ADC values of benign and malignant neck masses was significant (p < 0.01). Diffusion-weighted MRI with ADC measurements can be useful in the differential diagnosis of neck masses.
Surface Characterization of Mesoporous CoOx/SBA-15 Catalyst upon 1,2-Dichloropropane Oxidation
Authors: Finocchio Elisabetta , Gonzalez-Prior Jonatan , Gutierrez-Ortiz Jose Ignacio , Lopez-Fonseca Ruben , Busca Guido , De Rivas Beatriz
Published: May 2018

The active combustion catalyst that is based on 30 wt % cobalt oxide on mesoporous SBA-15 has been tested in 1,2-dichloropropane oxidation and is characterized by means of FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and ammonia-TPD (temperature-programmed desorption). In this work, we report the spectroscopic evidence for the role of surface acidity in chloroalkane conversion. Both Lewis acidity and weakly acidic silanol groups from SBA support are involved in the adsorption and initial conversion steps. Moreover, total oxidation reaction results in the formation of new Bronsted acidic sites, which are likely associated with the generation of HCl at high temperature and its adsorption at the catalyst surface. Highly dispersed Co oxide on the mesoporous support and Co-chloride or oxychloride particles, together with the presence of several families of acidic sites originated from the conditioning effect of reaction products may explain the good activity of this catalyst in the oxidation of Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds.