bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integración y musealización de patrimonio arqueológico en la propiedad privada en Andalucía, España
Authors: Delgado Anés Lara
Published: December 2016

Este artículo analiza la musealización del patrimonio arqueológico que se integra en espacios privados no-expositivos en las capitales de provincia de la comunidad autónoma de Andalucía. Estos espacios combinan su funcionalidad primigenia (vivienda, aparcamiento, hotel, etc.) con la expositiva. Para ello es necesario primero analizar cómo surgen estas musealizaciones. Posteriormente estudiaremos cada caso para conocer qué funcionalidad desempeñan esos contenedores expositivos, cuál es el estado de conservación de dicho patrimonio, qué modelo de musealización se ha implementado para su integración y cuál es programa de comunicación e información diseñado para el público. Esta musealización del patrimonio arqueológico urbano nace como mecanismo de protección y conservación que se integra en la arquitectura contemporánea. Dichas integraciones son complejas y controvertidas ya que se sitúan en espacios privados no destinados a la exposición del patrimonio. Por ello mismo, es conveniente reflexionar y analizar estos casos, cómo se integran, cuál ha sido el resultado expositivo, qué grado de accesibilidad permiten, qué se puede mejorar para desarrollar la relación patrimonio arqueológico, sociedad y tejido urbano, etc.
El imaginario social de la mujer venenosa: ciencia, metáfora y hermenéutica
Authors: Fernández Tijero Carmen , R. Coca Juan , Pérez Sedeño Eulalia
Published: December 2016

Son muchas las supersticiones que rodean al ámbito de lo femenino, y que hacen de la mujer el elemento constitutivo esencial de una amplia variedad de imaginarios sociales. Este trabajo presenta el análisis de uno de esos aspectos: el papel de la naturaleza femenina como poseedor de un veneno de efectos nocivos para su entorno, el fujo menstrual, que convierte a toda mujer en una potente hechicera por naturaleza, en un ser dominado por la irracionalidad, frente al espíritu objetivo y científico del hombre y, por tanto, inferior. Esta idea aparece en los primeros tratados médicos de la Antigüedad clásica, perdurando incluso en las obras científicas de auctoritates del mundo de la medicina hasta el Renacimiento y en libros de texto médicos actuales
Los inicios de la mujer en la práctica del ajedrez en España (1922-1935)
Authors: Rius Jordi Brasó
Published: December 2016

A finales del s. XIX se sitúan los primeros movimientos feministas. Uno de los campos de acción fue el deporte, de entre los cuales hay el ajedrez, objeto de estudio del presente artículo. Mediante el uso de una metodología basada en el análisis hermenéutico de las principales fuentes primarias de la época, se concluye que la introducción de la mujer en el juego surge en Inglaterra a mediados del s. XIX. En España, la práctica ajedrecística la encabezó Barcelona, durante los inicios del s. XX, aunque no aparece un movimiento significativo hasta la década de los años 30.
Gender inequality in Russian Academia: dynamics, insights, and explanations
Authors: Gewinner Irina
Published: December 2016

Whereas Europe currently pursues reform and transformation of academia in the context of New Public Management, Russia seeks to regulate the processes of modernization of the latter one, thus addressing its excellence and effectiveness. In both cases, the processes underlying social change in academia impact on female scholars’ occupational advancement. By doing so, they contribute to reproduction of existing gender inequalities and certainly create new ones. Russia stands in front of the paradoxical situation: while women represent a majority of (scientific) staff in academia, they face persistent discriminatory experiences on the part of their colleagues – both male and female (Sillaste, 2004; Pushkareva, 2014). Still, our knowledge on gender disparities and discrimination in academia is only scarce and needs extensive investigation. This paper aims at reducing the existing gap by analysing gender inequalities from a dynamic approach.
El oficio profesional de la sociología y otras profesiones en clave de mujer
Authors: Almarcha Barbado Mª Amparo
Published: December 2016

Desde la doble perspectiva profesional y docente se trata de analizar las diferencias y desigualdades que acontecen a las mujeres, teniendo en cuenta que se da un cierta superioridad relativa al mérito y al esfuerzo en el terreno educativo. El esfuerzo de las mujeres no se premia en el mercado de trabajo. Hay mayor número de mujeres tituladas en bastantes espacios y disciplinas, pero todavía se ve como algo espectacular que ocupen buenos puestos en la política y como directivas de empresa. El género femenino es un "pequeño" obstáculo para eso; y las desigualdades y exclusiones se producen desde lo académico a lo profesional. Las barreras siguen existiendo desde la docencia, donde las mujeres escalan en medidas bastantes menores las cátedras o las direcciones de facultades, centros o departamentos. Siguen existiendo las tareas domésticas y lo familiar como barrera. Esto es también constante y posible cuando contemplamos lo que ocurre en el desarrollo profesional de la Sociología y la Ciencia Política: se desbocan las cifras a la baja en la participación De las mujeres como catedráticas, directoras de departamento o decanas, entre otros puestos de relevancia. Está claro que la igualdad no es solo una cuestión de leyes, hay mucho más que poner en juego.
Género, poder y conocimiento. Para una biografía intelectual desde las ciencias sociales y la perspectiva de género
Authors: Garcia de León Álvarez María Antonia
Published: December 2016

La autora expone su trayectoria intelectual como socióloga y feminista. Ésta arranca de un contexto de espacio y de tiempo como fueron los últimos años del franquismo y el conocido fenómeno sociohistórico y político de la Transición española hacia la democracia (desde 1975 hasta 1982 aproximadamente). Entre los objetivos principales del texto están: 1) Mostrar un conocimiento en su contexto; 2) Analizar las influencias recibidas y sus causas (especialmente de la sociología francesa y del feminismo norteamericano); 3) Poner de manifiesto ciertos “problemas sin nombre” del conocimiento feminista; y 4) Promover el enfoque biográfico, poniendo el énfasis en esta especie de eslogan: lo personal es conocimiento. Dichos objetivos confluyen en tres, por un lado, un objetivo teórico: mostrar las determinaciones sociales de todo conocimiento, en nuestro caso, el binomio Género y Producción de conocimiento; por otro lado, un objetivo político y/o de acción: criticar y cambiar ciertos límites del conocimiento producido y, en tercer lugar, hacer propuestas para una agenda feminista en el campo de las Ciencias Sociales y del Género.
Representaciones de mujeres investigadoras En la prensa escrita finlandesa: investigadoras de élite, multi-talentos y expertas
Authors: Husu Liisa , Tainio Liisa
Published: December 2016

La subrepresentación de las mujeres en la comunidad científica está actualmente en la agenda de la política científica tanto en Europa como a nivel internacional. Por una parte, se menciona a menudo el significado de los medios como proveedor de modelos femeninos, y por otra parte, de reproducción de imágenes estereoscópicas de científicos, por otro. Sin embargo, hay una relativa falta de investigación sobre cómo se representan las mujeres investigadores en los medios de comunicación, especialmente fuera de los Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido contextos. Finlandia ofrece un contexto interesante para estudiar las representaciones de los medios de comunicación de las mujeres en la investigación, como un enfoque de igualdad de género y de intensidad de investigación visto desde una perspectiva global. Las representaciones mediáticas de las mujeres investigadoras en Finlandia se exploraron analizando entrevistas personales en medios impresos finlandeses: periódicos, revistas femeninas y revistas destinadas al público en general. Los datos se refieren a 107 entrevistas de mujeres investigadores de todos los campos de investigación, publicadas entre 1997-2014. La abrumadora mayoría de las entrevistas fue escrita por mujeres periodistas. El análisis se centra en los aspectos sociales y lingüísticos de las entrevistas desde una perspectiva de género. Se encontró que las mujeres investigadoras estaban representadas en una variedad de marcos de referencia, siendo los más comunes el de Experta e Investigadora de Élite. Su contexto familiar fue mencionado con frecuencia, y las entrevistas frecuentemente comentaban su apariencia (pelo, físico, forma de moverse). El hecho de que el contexto familiar de las entrevistadas se destaque a menudo en las entrevistas puede servir para transmitir un mensaje de que es posible y común combinar una carrera en la investigación y en la familia. Uno de los principales resultados del estudio fue la diversidad de representaciones de las investigadoras, en comparación con los estudios realizados en los Estados Unidos y el Reino Unido. La diversidad de las imágenes de los medios de comunicación de las investigadoras sugiere que los medios de comunicación pueden proporcionar importantes modelos a seguir para las mujeres jóvenes, alentando a las mujeres a elegir la investigación como una profesión.
Academia y política: revistas feministas y producción de conocimiento
Authors: Flores Espinola Artemisa
Published: December 2016

El objetivo de este artículo es explorar los procesos de publicación de seis revistas académicas feministas anglófonas. Se presenta la génesis de las revistas, así como el nivel de participación de hombres y mujeres, la colaboración y la productividad. En esta perspectiva se analizan y comparan dos grupos de revistas (el primero compuesto por tres revistas feministas generalistas y el segundo de tres revistas feministas especializadas en filosofía, sociología y psicología). Los resultados muestran que el contexto histórico y el compromiso político de las revistas explican las diferencias y similitudes entre ellas y entre los dos grupos de revistas. Si bien la participación de los hombres es minoritaria en todas las revistas, es mucho mayor en las generalistas. La colaboración entre autoras y autores es mayor en las revistas especializadas debido a su fuerte componente empírico.
Generating community, generating justice? The production and circulation of value in community energy initiatives
Authors: Dotson Taylor Chase , Wilcox James E
Published: December 2016

In this paper, we explore the potentialities and interconnections between existing and hypothetical community energy systems and the concept of generative justice. New York State’s more recent official energy plan, for instance, includes provisions for community-scale microgrids, and several European nations offer significant financial support to citizens interested in building micro and intermediate-scale renewable energy systems. Such efforts and technologies appear to promise some degree of generative justice, returning much of the value generated by distributed renewable energy back to the community producing it. However, most currently conceived and implemented community energy systems recirculate value in very narrow and limited ways. Building upon an analysis of New York energy policy and on-the-ground cases, we explore community energy’s potential. What kinds of value are being generated by community energy systems and for whom? How could such efforts be more generative of justice across a broad range of values, not just electrons and dollars? Through the attempt to broaden thinking not only about community energy systems but also the concept of generative justice, we connect technological and organizational configurations of community energy systems and the forms of value they have the potential to generate: including, the production of grassroots energy and organizational expertise, the capacity for local and personal autonomy in energy planning and decision-making, and the enhancement of an affective sense and embodied experience of community. Finally, we examine some of the barriers to realizing more generatively just community energy systems.
Consensus decision-making as a research method for generative justice: empirical practices from a money-less economy in Chiapas, Mexico
Authors: Araujo Erin
Published: December 2016

This article examines how consensus decision-making can be used as a method in creating spaces for generative justice. Based on empirical research in a moneyless economy in San Cristobal de las Casas, Chiapas, Mexico, the project called El Cambalache has created its own exchange value where everything in the economy shares equal value. The article is a praxiography of consensus decision-making as research method.
Ethnocomputational creativity in STEAM education: a cultural framework for generative justice
Authors: Bennett Audrey Grace
Published: December 2016

In the United States, the disciplines of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (also widely known as STEM) attract very few African American, Latino, and Native (indigenous Alaskan, North American, and Pacific Islander) students. These underrepresented students might be more attracted to STEM disciplines if they knew STEM education’s extraordinary potential to circulate value back to their ethnic communities. For instance, underrepresented medical students, after graduation, are statistically more likely than white students to conduct research on health issues relevant to their ethnic communities. One of the most popular STEM reform movements that of STEAM (STEM + Arts) has done very little to help circulate the unalienated value of these ethnic communities. This paper describes “ethnocomputational creativity” as a generative framework for STEAM that circulates unalienated value in the arts back to underrepresented ethnic communities. We first will look at the dangers of extracting cultural capital without compensation, and how ethnocomputational creativity can, in contrast, help these communities to circulate value in its unalienated form, nurturing both traditional artistic practices as well as creating new paths for "heritage algorithms" and other forms of decolonized STEM education.
Generative contexts: generating value between community and educational settings
Authors: Lyles Dan , Lachney Michael , Foster Ellen , Zatz Zoe
Published: December 2016

As educators and researchers, the authors of this paper participated, at different points in time, in a National Science Foundation funded research program to place culturally responsive education into generative justice frameworks. We discovered that the mechanisms to create generative contexts—contexts where value can possibly be returned to the community where the people generating that value live and work—in-school, after-school, and not-school were not uniform and required individual attention and care. One can think of generative contexts as the educational preconditions for generative justice. We aim to show how generative contexts are crucial to understanding a larger theory of generative justice. To do this we provide three examples of generative contexts. First is a generative context in-school, where a technology teacher brought a community hairstylist into her classroom to help teach computer programming through cornrow braiding; a skill relevant to her African American students. Next is a generative context after-school where a student demonstrates soldering skills that she learned from family members. The third is a not-school “E-Waste to Makerspace” workshop where students created garden-technology designs for low-income communities.
Reseña/Review (Serrano Marín, V., "Fraudebook: lo que la red social hace con nuestras vidas", Madrid: Plaza y Valdés, ISBN: 978-84-16032-85-3, 118 pgs., 2016)
Authors: S. Almendros Lola
Published: December 2016

Reseña/Review (Serrano Marín, V., "Fraudebook: lo que la red social hace con nuestras vidas", Madrid: Plaza y Valdés, ISBN: 978-84-16032-85-3, 118 pgs., 2016)
Cuidado cotidiano da criança: necessidades e vulnerabilidades na perspectiva de mães adolescentes
Authors: Santos Jaqueline Silva , Yakuwa Marina Sayuri , Andrade Raquel Dully , Henrique Nayara Cristina Pereira , Mello Débora Falleiros de
Published: December 2016

Este estudo objetivou analisar os cuidados às crianças na perspectiva de mães adolescentes, em busca da identificação de vulnerabilidades e necessidades no âmbito do cuidado de enfermagem. Trata-se de pesquisa exploratória com análise qualitativa temática indutiva dos dados, a partir de entrevistas gravadas com 20 mães adolescentes de crianças entre seis meses e menores de dois anos de idade, cadastradas e acompanhadas por equipes de Saúde da Família do município de Passos, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os relatos maternos expressam aspectos sobre o cuidado cotidiano da criança, a atenção às suas necessidades, o enfrentamento de dificuldades e o reconhecimento de situações vulneráveis. O cuidado materno na adolescência apresentou-se como uma experiência singular, com relatos maternos que apontam aspectos a serem mais explorados pelos profissionais de saúde, em especial pela enfermagem, em busca de oferta de apoio e incremento da confiança materna.
Sentimentos dos filhos ao vivenciarem o adoecimento dos pais
Authors: Wakiuchi Julia , Ribeiro Aline Lima , Benedetti Gabriella Michel dos Santos , Merino Maria de Fátima Garcia Lopes , Marcon Sonia Silva , Sales Catarina Aparecida
Published: December 2016

Objetivou-se apreender as vivências de crianças que experienciam o adoecimento de seus pais por câncer. Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, com seis crianças entre 10 e 12 anos incompletos de idade, filhos de pacientes com câncer atendidos por uma instituição de apoio. Os dados foram coletados entre julho e agosto de 2015, a partir da questão norteadora: “Como você se sente com a doença do seu pai/mãe?”. Da análise emergiram duas categorias: Reconhecendo a doença e a possibilidade da morte dos pais e, Crescendo como criança e vivendo como adulto: as repercussões do câncer dos pais na vida dos filhos, que revelam que as crianças compreendem o câncer e a possibilidade da morte de seus pais, sendo também afetados pela doença que adentra seu lar. Conclui-se que, vivenciando os temores e repercussões do câncer, as crianças devem ser acompanhadas pela família e equipe de saúde durante o adoecimento dos pais.
The Use of CLT in the Arab Context: A Critical Perspective
Authors: M. Alwazir Basma , Shukri Nadia
Published: December 2016

One of the main aims behind learning English as a foreign language (EFL) is to communicate effectively with other speakers of the English language. The justification for concentrating on the teaching and learning of English as a second language (L2), and as a foreign language, is that it is the lingua franca (Klimczak-Pawlak, 2014) and the primary language used for communication around the world (Rich, 2014). English language learners are given limited chances to practice speaking in authentic situations in class, and teaching to communicate effectively in an authentic environment is often overlooked. Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) emphasizes meaning and communication in language learning, and with CLT the goal is to improve learners’ “communicative competence” (Richards & Rodgers, 2001). Nevertheless, challenges are faced when applying CLT in the EFL classrooms. Consequently, the purpose of this paper is to critically explore elements of the CLT approach and to better understand some of the cultural difficulties involved in its application. The paper will propose more application of the CLT in EFL classrooms, in place of language teaching techniques currently used in the Arab context. This paper will also examine issues dealing with the theoretical background of CLT, and focus on the implementation of activities that can encourage students' communicative competence.
The Perceptions of Special Education Teachers Working in Psychiatric Hospitals about Integrating a Children’s Book about Mental Disorders in the Curriculum
Authors: Lea Baratz
Published: December 2016

This study examined the issue of using a children's book as a mediating tool for working with children with a mental disorder who attend schools located within psychiatric hospitals. How they use to implement the book in the lesson, how parents collaborated with the teachers in the process of teaching this book. Teachers in the special education framework lack the necessary tools to cope with the emotional world of children who have a mental illness. A module on the subject of bibliotherapy and the use of children's books as a mediating tool should be added to the training program for special education teachers.
Media, pedagogia e democracia
Authors: Meunier Jean-Pierre
Published: December 2016

Na corrente da crítica generalizada de todas as formas de poder que exerceu a repressão após os acontecimentos de sessenta e oito, os media foram incriminados na sua forma, em virtude de induzirem uma relação social que implicasse uma separação entre o emissor e o recetor e a relação unilateral de transmissão de conteúdos com sentidos legíveis e unívocos. Na Bélgica, o encontro entre os militantes de certas televisões comunitárias (nomeadamente o canal «Canal emploi» de Liège) em busca de novas estratégias educativas destinadas ao grande público e Geneviève Jacquinot, esteve na origem de uma procura frutífera de transformação da forma da relação mediática. O trabalho teórico de Geneviève Jacquinot apresentava conceitos e ferramentas de análise que permitiam direcionar a linguagem audiovisual no sentido da abertura, da ambivalência e da negociação do sentido. Na sequência desta pesquisa, e de outras do mesmo género, pode afirmar-se que a problemática da produção de sentido na comunicação audiovisual compreende dois aspetos relevantes: a enunciação e a cognição. Do ponto de vista da enunciação, verifica-se abertura de sentido quando os recetores são colocados numa configuração relacional que torna possível um debate intersubjetivo. Do ponto de vista cognitivo, dá-se um processo educativo de produção de sentido quando os recetores desempenham um papel ativo na elaboração de sentido a partir das imagens observadas e das falas ouvidas. O grau de reflexão implicado nesta elaboração constitui um aspeto importante do processo cognitivo. Os procedimentos retóricos, abundantes nas produções audiovisuais, mostram uma grande variedade relativamente a este aspeto.
Significados do Dinheiro e do Trabalho: Um Estudo com Operários da Construção de Edificações de Belo Horizonte
Authors: Barros Sabrina Cavalcanti , Borges Livia De Oliveira
Published: December 2016

Os significados do dinheiro e do trabalho são fenômenos multidimensionais, imbuídos de aspectoscontraditórios forjados no contexto contemporâneo do sistema capitalista. Objetivamos, então, explorar arelação entre os dois fenômenos na construção de edificações. Desenvolvemos a pesquisa com 302operários, aplicando questionários e realizando entrevistas. Às respostas dos questionários aplicamostécnicas estatísticas descritivas (frequência e médias) e inferenciais (análise de cluster e ANOVA). Ainterpretação das entrevistas apoiou a compreensão dos resultados das análises anteriores. Entre osresultados encontrados, destacamos: os valores coletivistas incorporados aos padrões de significado dodinheiro (PSD); a tendência dos participantes do padrão do significado do trabalho (PST) indiferenteexpressivo em apresentar o PSD coletivista expressivo e dos participantes do PST otimista em apresentarmenos frequentemente o PSD conflitante.
Comparação Social, Insatisfação Corporal e Comportamento Alimentar em Jovens Adultos
Authors: De Carvalho Pedro Henrique Berbert , Gomes Luciana De Freitas , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo
Published: December 2016

O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o comportamento de comparação social (CCS) de jovensadultos, segundo a insatisfação corporal (IC) e o comportamento alimentar inadequado (CAI).Participaram 563 sujeitos (276 mulheres) entre 1 8 e 35 anos de idade. Teste U de Mann-Whitney foiutilizado para comparar os CCS segundo a IC e o CAI. Foi identificada diferença para oscomportamentos de comparação social entre o grupo de sujeitos satisfeitos e insatisfeitos, e também paraos grupos com e sem comportamentos alimentares inadequados, do sexo feminino. Conclui-se que ocomportamento de comparação social está associado à insatisfação corporal e aos comportamentosalimentares inadequados de mulheres, o mesmo não ocorrendo para os homens.
Revisão Sistemática de Pesquisas sobre Eficácia Coletiva Docente
Authors: Ramos Maély Holanda , Pontes Fernando Augusto , Silva Simone Souza , Fernandez Ana Patrícia , Nina Karla
Published: December 2016

A eficácia coletiva docente é a percepção compartilhada pelos professores sobre a capacidade do corpodocentede organizar e executar ações necessárias a um efeito positivo no desempenho acadêmico dosalunos. Este artigo tem o objetivo de construir um panorama das pesquisas sobre eficácia coletiva deprofessores, analisando seus principais resultados. Para tanto, foram realizadas buscas de artigospublicados entre 2000 e 201 3, na base de dados Portal de Periódicos Capes. Os resultados indicam que aeficácia coletiva de professores está diretamente relacionada ao desempenho acadêmico dos alunos.Notou-se ainda que outras variáveis podem influenciar as crenças coletivas, tais como a autoeficácia e asituação socioeconômicada escola.
Contribuições do paradigma de equivalência de estímulos para o estudo das atitudes
Authors: Mizael Tahcita Medrado , Dos Santos Silvana Lopes , De Rose Julio Cesar Coelho
Published: December 2016

Considerando a abordagem analítico-comportamental, atitudes podem ser consideradas respostasavaliativas emitidas de acordo com uma história prévia de aprendizagem. O paradigma deequivalência de estímulos, utilizando procedimentos que simulam o comportamento simbólico nolaboratório, tem possibilitado entender a formação de atitudes como uma rede de relações arbitráriasentre classes de estímulos e atributos avaliativos. Esta visão tem auxiliado na compreensão de comofenômenos sociais, tais como estereótipos e preconceitos, podem ser estabelecidos e modificados. Oobjetivo deste trabalho é apresentar algumas contribuições, a partir de evidências empíricasdemonstradas por pesquisas que utilizaram este paradigma nas últimas décadas, particularmente apartir da década de 90, que fortalecem a equivalência de estímulos como um modelocomportamental importante para o estudo das atitudes.
Razões (e práticas) de Estado: os mal-estares entre a liberdade e a segurança jurídica.
Authors: Pires Luís Manuel Fonseca
Published: December 2016

Trata-se das práticas contemporâneas do Estado brasileiro, especificamente sobre o conflito entre a liberdade e a segurança jurídica, e de qual modo esta tensão fez-se presente nas orientações político-jurídicas de formação e desenvolvimento do Estado de Polícia, posteriormente, do Estado de Direito, e a repercussão atual junto ao Direito Administrativo, notadamente ao serem atribuídos os papeis entre o Estado e a livre-iniciativa.
Por que devemos nos importar com os colêmbolos edáficos?
Authors: Oliveira Filho Luís Carlos Iuñes , Baretta Dilmar
Published: December 2016

Este trabalho de revisão tem como objetivo apresentar a importância dos colêmbolos edáficos, com destaque para aspectos agronômicos e ecológicos. São abordadas as características gerais, densidade e distribuição dos colêmbolos, bem como a relação dos colêmbolos com práticas agrícolas, com fungos, com ciclagem de nutrientes e fertilidade do solo. São também reportados trabalhos da literatura, demonstrando a importância desses organismos aos serviços do ecossistema, como ciclagem de nutrientes, melhoria na fertilidade, agregação do solo, controle de fungos e indicadores da qualidade do solo. Pretende-se com este trabalho demonstrar o importante papel desempenhado pelos colêmbolos e expandir o campo de pesquisa com esses organismos, aumentando o conhecimento dos importantes processos mediados por eles e a interface entre a Ecologia do Solo e Ciência do Solo.
Physiological quality of the seeds of common bean cultivars grown in different phosphorus levels and growing seasons
Authors: Zucareli Claudemir , Brzezinski Cristian Rafael , Werner Flávia , Abati Julia , Nakagawa João
Published: December 2016

The use of appropriate management practices, such as sowing and fertilizing, associated with the use of promising genotypes are strategies for obtaining bean seeds of high quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of cultivars of common bean seeds produced in two growing seasons under different phosphorus levels. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial design of 2 × 2 × 6, with four replications. We evaluated two common bean cultivars (‘IAC Carioca Precoce’ and ‘IAC Carioca Tybatã’), two planting seasons of common beans (rainy season and dry season), and six rates of phosphorus fertilization (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 kg ha-1 of P2O5) applied to the planting rows, using triple super phosphate as the source of P. Seed quality was evaluated by testing the water content, germination, first account of the germination test, accelerated aging test and the water content after the test, electrical conductivity, and seedling emergence in the field. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means of cultivars and growing seasons were compared using Tukey’s test at 5% probability. Regression analysis was performed for phosphorus levels. Seeds of ‘IAC Carioca Precoce’ produced during the rainy season showed higher germination. In the dry season, the highest seedling emergence in the field was recorded for ‘IAC Carioca Tybatã’. Common bean cultivation provided seeds with higher germination and vigor in the dry season than in the rainy season. The accelerated aging test showed that when phosphorus was applied in the planting rows, the vigor of common bean seed was enhanced, with a better response to higher doses when cultivated in the dry season.
Combining the essential oil of Piper aduncum L. with commercial insecticides
Authors: Fazolin Murilo , Estrela Joelma Lima Vidal , Monteiro André Fábio Medeiros , Silva Iriana Maria da , Gomes Luiara Paiva , Silva Maria Samylla de Farias
Published: December 2016

The use of synergists is important to minimize the amount of chemical insecticide required for insect control. Their use may contribute to reducing environmental contamination and preserving beneficial insects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the synergy and uniformity of the response of Spodoptera frugiperda (Noctuidae) larvae to doses of an essential oil of an Amazon chemotype, Piper aduncum (Piperaceae), when combinationed with the following commercial insecticides: cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, permethrin and esfenvarelate, compared to piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Through the relationship between CL50 and DL50 of insecticides taken separately and their synergistic combinations with the essential oil and PBO, synergism factors (SF) were obtained for comparison with each other. With residual contact, there was a significant enhancement of commercial insecticides formulated with cypermethrin (SF = 73.03), zeta-cypermethrin (SF = 16.51) and permethrin (SF = 8.46-17.22), when combined with the P. aduncum essential oil; in turn, with topical application, there was only an observed significant enhancement for zeta-cypermethrin (SF = 0.40-4.26), permethrin (SF = 2.10-4.79) and esfenvarelate (SF = 3.80) insecticides when combined with the essential oil. With the exception of esfenvarelate, the other synergistic combinations showed homogeneous responses for topical application and residual contact for at least one synergistic combination with P. aduncum essential oil. The significance of the SF values from combining P. aduncum essential oil with cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, permethrin and esfenvarelate insecticides may indicate that this essential oil is an alternative option to PBO.
The plant stimulant humic acid extracted from organic waste recycled by composting combined with liming and fertilization
Authors: Baldotto Marihus Altoé , Rocha Jayna Eloy da , Andrade Francine Dias Paes , Del Giúdice Marcos Paiva , Baldotto Lílian Estrela Borges
Published: December 2016

The disposal of organic waste can be an environmental problem; on the other hand, this waste can be the raw material for the production of biostimulants, among other recycling processes. The objective of this study was to recycle waste bovine manure and poultry litter through composting and isolate its humic acids in order to test their use, in the presence and absence of liming and fertilization, on corn plants as indicators. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The experimental unit was a vase of 1 dm3 filled with soil that received treatments generated by the combination of the factors under study: humic acids via seed, liming, and fertilization. After thirty days of the experiment, growth characteristics were measured to estimate the initial performance of the indicator corn plants in response to the treatments. The results showed that the combination of chemical fertilization with humic acids extracted from organic compounds increased the plants development. In conclusion, the use of biostimulants based on humic substances is positive and complementary to fertilizers used in agriculture, forming a superior combination. Such use is also recommended because it allows for the recycling of organic waste via composting, as well as the preparation of biostimulants for added technical, and potentially economic, value.
Agronomic performance of sugarcane cultivated under quantities of sugarcane straw on the soil surface
Authors: Oliveira Mariana Alves de , Zucareli Claudemir , Neves Carmen Silvia Vieira Janeiro , Domingues Allan Ricardo , Medina Cristiane De Conti , Moraes Lucas Augusto de Assis
Published: December 2016

Mechanized harvesting is increasingly present in the sugarcane production system. The straw removed during harvest can be converted to ethanol or used to generate electricity by burning, it is important to determine the amount of biomass that may be removed without damage to the crop. We evaluated the agronomic performance of sugarcane, variety RB92579, grown under different quantities of sugarcane straw on the soil surface, in the first and second year of cane crop. We used the experimental randomized block in split plot design, with four replications. In the first year the plots received five quantities of straw (0, 4.5, 9.0, 13.5 and 18 Mg ha-1), and six times assessments (60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 360 days after planting) arranged in the subplots. In the second year, the plots received the same quantities of straw and four times assessments (60, 120, 240 and 540 days after the regrowth) in subplots. Biometric indexes, components of production and crop yield were evaluated. The data were submitted to variance analysis and study of polynomial regression (p <0.05). Increasing quantities of sugarcane straw deposited on the soil surface reduces the number and diameter of the stem at the beginning crop establishment, and number of sheets for the first year. The maximum productivity of stems is achieved by maintaining 9,6 Mg ha-1 of straw for first year and 4,7 Mg ha-1 of straw for second year of cane crop.
Host status of passion fruit genotypes to scab and bacterial blight
Authors: Nascimento Roxana Stefane Mendes , Lopes Everaldo Antonio , Magalhães Viviane Manuela Bernardes Silva , Cardoso José Avelino , Santos Carlos Eduardo Magalhães dos , Antunes Rafael Oliveira
Published: December 2016

Screening passion fruit genotypes to target resistance to scab and bacterial blight may play an important role in reducing the application of chemical products and losses caused by the diseases. It is likely that resistant genotypes may be found in ongoing breeding programs targeting production traits. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the host status of eighteen passion fruit genotypes from the Breeding Program of the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (CRP 01-12 to CRP 16-12, CRP 19-12 and CRP 20-12) and two cultivars (FB 200 Yellow Master and FB 300 Araguari) of yellow passion fruit to the scab (Cladosporium herbarum) and bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae). The fungus and the bacterium were artificially inoculated on wounded leaves at the concentrations of 1 x 106 spores mL-1 and 1 x 108 cfu mL-1. Scab incidence and severity were assessed at 7, 14, 21 and 31 days after inoculation (DAI); whereas the bacterial blight evaluations were performed at 10, 20, 28 and 44 DAI. The genotypes CRP 01-12 to CRP 16-12 and CRP 19-12 are moderately resistant to scab. The genotype 20-12 and the FB 200 Yellow Master cultivar are susceptible to the fungus. All genotypes are highly susceptible to bacterial blight.
Characterization and sensory preference of fermented dairy beverages prepared with different concentrations of whey and araticum pulp
Authors: Lima Alexsandra Valéria Sousa Costa de , Nicolau Edmar Soares , Rezende Cíntia Silva Minafra e , Torres Maria Célia Lopes , Novais Lorena Gouvêa , Soares Nayana Ribeiro
Published: December 2016

The objective of this study was to develop a fermented dairy beverage flavored with araticum pulp, assess its physicochemical characteristics, microbiological quality, and sensory preference by the consumer. Araticum pulp was prepared using two different methods: with or without bleaching (50 ºC/5 minutes). Formulations of fermented dairy beverages consisting of whey (50%), standardized pasteurized milk (50%), and seven different concentrations of bleached araticum pulp (5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, and 20.0% w/v) were prepared. In addition, seven formulations of fermented dairy beverage, without adding araticum pulp, and consisting of varying proportions of whey (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100%) were developed. In all formulations, thickeners/stabilizers were added. All araticum pulp samples (with and without bleach) and fermented dairy beverages (with and without araticum pulp) were analyzed for the relevant physicochemical properties: pH, titratable acidity, acidity of pulp, acidity of fermented beverage, moisture, ash, fat, protein, crude fiber, ascorbic acid, carbohydrates, total solids, and caloric values. Microbiological counts of coliforms at 35 °C and 45 °C in the pulp and beverage, and molds and yeasts and Salmonella sp. in the pulp were obtained. Additionally, sensory analysis regarding preferences of the different fermented dairy beverage formulations was also performed. The araticum pulp samples without bleach, showed higher values of pH, moisture, protein, total fiber, and ascorbic acid, as compared to bleached pulp samples, while bleached araticum pulp showed higher values for other physicochemical parameters. Microbiological results showed that all pulps and fruit-dairy beverages were suitable for consumption. It was found that there was no significant consumer preference between different fermented beverage formulations, according to the different percentages of pulp. However, the formulations consisting of 40, 50, 60, and 70% whey were preferred over the one consisting of 100% whey.
Propolis extract in postharvest conservation Solo papaya cv. 'Golden'
Authors: Passos Flávia Regina , Mendes Fabrícia Queiroz , Pinto Marina de Carvalho Eufrásio , Araújo Emiliane Andrade , Carvalho André Mundstock Xavier de
Published: December 2016

The high perishability of papaya (Carica papaya L.) reduces its lifespan as well as limits marketing. Coating the fruits is an alternative to aid food preservation. We aimed to evaluate the effects of coating propolis extract on the physicochemical characteristics of papaya stored at room temperature. Solo papayas cv. 'Golden' were randomly divided into five postharvest treatment groups, three forms of dip-coating (70% alcohol, hydroalcoholic extract of propolis to 2.5%, and hydroalcoholic extract of propolis to 5%) and two controls (one uncoated and one with refrigerated uncoated fruits). The weight loss, firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA, and hydrogen potential (pH) were evaluated at the intervals of 4 days every 12th storage day. Sensory analysis was performed on the 4th day of storage of papayas and evaluated by untrained through the acceptance testing. Treatments “refrigerated”, “propolis 2.5%”, and “5% propolis” presented with the lowest weight loss. The firmness level for treatment propolis 5% was superior to that of control, alcohol, and 2.5% propolis treatments. The SS was greater for propolis 5% treatment, which only differed from the alcohol treatment. The TA and SS/TA did not vary with the treatments, but with the storage time. The pH of refrigerated papaya showed significant differences in relation to other treatments. The fruits subjected to refrigerated treatment presented with chilling injury. Papayas coated with propolis extract showed sensory acceptability similar to that in other treatments on the 4th day of storage. The coating of propolis extract is a promising alternative for the control of weight loss and for the maintenance of firmness in Solo papaya cv. 'Golden'.
Epidemiological and microbiological aspects of residential outbreaks of foodborne illness in the Parana State, Brazil
Authors: Perlin Gustavo Olivo , Perlin Cassio Marques , Martins Lisiane Almeida
Published: December 2016

Foodborne illness results in high costs to public health and the food chain production worldwide. The majority of the population is unaware of food safety requirements and consequently, domestic kitchens are sources of contamination and spread of disease. Eating habits and the profile of food handlers in these sites guide the planning of surveillance and public education. This study describes the epidemiological and microbiological aspects of household outbreaks of foodborne illness in the State of Parana, using the Notifiable Diseases Information System database. There were 357 outbreaks between 2008 and 2012 in the State of Parana, and households were the main place of occurrence (43.70%), followed by restaurants and bakeries (21.00%), and kindergartens and schools (11.20 %). Household outbreak records derived from the municipalities for regional health coverage, based in Curitiba, Cascavel, Pato Branco, Foz do Iguaçu and Londrina. These indicated an increased number of reported cases between 2011 and 2012. The increase in reporting reflects a greater awareness among professionals because of training. The results highlight the consumption of contaminated food (36.15%), by strains of coagulase positive Staphylococcus (36.23%). They also reflect an intensification and wholeness of public policies on the education of the population regarding hygiene principles in the acquisition, handling, preparation, storage, and consumption of food in the household.
Effects of epidural anesthesia with tramadol, ropivacaine or tramadol-ropivacaine combination, in bitches undergoing ovariohysterectomy under anesthesia with isoflurane
Authors: Winter Daiane Cristina , Monzem Samuel , Spiller Paulo Roberto , Stocco Matias Bassinello , Gomes Lianna Ghisi , Travagin David Parra , Venêga da Conceição Elaine Dione , Guimarães Luciana Dambrósio
Published: December 2016

Epidural anesthesia is a locoregional anesthetic technique that provides analgesia and muscle relaxation in the-retroumbilical region. The combination of opioids and local anesthetics increased the intensity and duration of analgesia by causing immediate motor and sensory nerve blockade, and improved recovery after surgery. The objective was to comparatively evaluate the trans- and postoperative cardiorespiratory and analgesic effects of epidurally administered tramadol, ropivacaine and tramadol-ropivacaine combination in dogs undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. The effect of isoflurane concentration was also evaluated. This study was performed on 24 female mongrel dogs, pre-medicated with chlorpromazine (0.5 mg kg-1, IV) and, anesthetized with propofol and isoflurane. The dogs were randomly divided into three groups. The first group receveid epidural tramadol (2 mg kg-1, GT group), the second group received ropivacaine (1.5 mg kg-1, GR group), and the third group received a tramadol-ropivacaine combination at the above-mentioned doses (GTR group). At pre-defined time points, classified into pre-, trans-, and postoperative periods, cardiorespiratory variables and analgesia were analyzed for a period of up to 420 min following epidural anesthesia. The check analgesia was check of approximately 105, 217 and 382 minutes, in GR, in GT and GTR respectively, and no cardiovascular and respiratory depression. The drugs used in this study are considered safe and effective for ovariohysterectomy due to the cardiorespiratory stability and trans-operative analgesia provided by them. However, the combination of ropivacaine and tramadol ensured a greater reduction in the inhaled anesthetic dose and better analgesia during in the postoperative period.
Ultrasonographic findings of the mammary gland, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and kidneys in transgenic goats for hG-CSF during induced lactation
Authors: Sousa Francisco Carlos de , Melo Carlos Henrique Sousa de , Batista Ribrio Ivan Tavares Pereira , Sanchez Deisy Johana Diaz , Souza-Fabjan Joanna Maria Gonçalves , Pereira Alexsandra Fernandes , Melo Luciana Magalhães , Freitas Vicente José de Figueirêdo , Teixeira Dárcio Ítalo Alves
Published: December 2016

In transgenic murine models, the study of certain organs or tissues can be performed after euthanasia of some specimens. However, this practice may not be economically feasible when applied to livestock such as transgenic goats. It is necessary to use minimally invasive methods to perform in vivo studies of organs that may be affected by disorders related to the activity of the transgene, particularly during milk production, when the recombinant protein is secreted. The aim of this study was to describe ultrasonographic findings of the liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, and mammary glands in transgenic goats for evaluating the effect of human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (hG-CSF) expression in milk during induced lactation. Six female Canindé goats-three transgenic (T) and three non-transgenic (NT)-were subjected to hormone therapy to induce lactation; ultrasonographic examinations of the liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidneys, and mammary gland were performed during both the hormonal therapy and the lactation period at different intervals depending on the organ being examined. On Day 16 (Day 1 = hormonal therapy initiation), all goats were lactating and presented healthy mammary glands, characterized by echogenic parenchyma showing a granular echotexture. Transgenic and non-transgenic goats were compared on the basis of measurements and ultrasound images obtained from each organ. No differences between T and NT animals were observed in the examined area for the liver, gallbladder, spleen, and kidneys. Liver and renal echogenicity and appearance of gallbladder and portal and hepatic veins were similar in all females. Ultrasonographic findings of the mammary gland, liver, gallbladder, spleen, and kidneys in transgenic goats did not show any difference from those in non-transgenic goats.Thus, these results suggest that the presence and expression of the transgene had no effect on the ultrasonographic findings of mammary gland and abdominal organs in the transgenic goats. Moreover, the findings shows that ultrasonography is a useful screening tool for clinical examination of transgenic goats; this allows the investigation of possible disorders and avoids the unnecessary use of invasive techniques.