bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Price Spread of Soybean in Amravati District of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Chopde K. D. , Wasu S. V. , Chaudhari A. V.
Published: November 2023

India rank fourth in respect of production of soybean in the world. Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh are the two major soybean producing states in India.In India Marketing of Soybean crop is in developing stage. The development of marketing is as important as that of increasing production. Farmers always desire to get reasonable price for their farm product. Therefore, for profitable transaction a careful planning of marketing of Soybean is must with this view it is essential to study the marketing of Soybean in Amravati district of Maharashtra. In Maharashtra, soybean is mainly grown in the districts of Amravati, Akola, Washim and Nagpur. This study was conducted for estimation of marketing cost, marketing margin and price spread through different marketing channels of soybean in Amravatidistrict. The study was based on primary data and secondary data for the year 2022-23, collected from the APMC market of Amravati district of Maharashtra, the total 120 producers, 10 village traders, 10 wholesaler were selected for the study. Three major marketing channels were identified for the soybean i.e. channel-I: Producer- village trader-wholesaler- oil processor (consumer), Channel-II: Producer→ Wholesale →oil Processor (consumer), Channel-III: → Producer→ oil Processor (consumer). The channel -I was found most important channel of distribution. Producer‘s share in consumer’s rupees was highest in channel III as compared to channel II and channel I. The comparison between costs incurred by different market intermediaries in the marketing channel shows that Channel-III incurred lowest cost and it was also observed that the producers share in consumer price was 98.81 percent. Farmers always desire to get reasonable price for their farm product. Consequently for profitable transactions a careful planning of marketing of Soybean is must. For this purpose present study has been done.
Parent Involvement to Enhance Students’ Learning in Lingmethang Cluster Schools of Bhutan
Authors: Allay Akal Kumar
Published: November 2023

Research has consistently demonstrated the influential role of parental involvement in the academic success and overall well-being of students at various grade levels. This paper synthesizes and analyzes findings from a multitude of studies that underscore the significance of parents' active participation in their children's education.

Parental involvement and parent-school partnership strategies are critical factors to children’s academic success. In this qualitative case study, parents’, teachers’, and administrators’ perceptions of parental involvement and parent-school partnership strategies were examined in Lingmethang cluster schools under Mongar District, Bhutan. The study also focused on exploring the parents’ understanding of their involvement in schooling processes based on the six typologies of Epstein.

This study adopted a qualitative case study employing interview, observation and document analysis tools. A purposeful sampling method was used in the study. Nine parents, nine teachers, and nine administrators participated in the study. Data was collected and analyzed. The findings revealed that most parents are more involved in non-academic activities than academic activities. Barriers that parents, teachers, and administrators encountered in relation to school involvement and support are also noted. It was perceived that parental, school, and community involvement were important for children’s academic success and that parent-school partnerships and support were critically necessary.

By synthesizing and critically examining these findings, this paper contributes to a better understanding of the vital role parents play in shaping the educational journey of their children. It emphasizes the importance of fostering strong partnerships between schools and families to promote student success and holistic development. The implications of the research findings are also suggested for future research.
Analysis of Consumer Satisfaction Level of Ornamental Fish in Jatinegara Ornamental Fish Market
Authors: Suryana Asep Agus Handaka , Rasyiq Arkan Naufal , Andriani Yuli , Maulina Ine
Published: November 2023

This study aims to analyze the characteristics possessed by consumers and the level of consumer satisfaction in the Jatinegara Ornamental Fish Market and analyze the main variables that most affect the level of consumer satisfaction. Data collection and processing will be carried out in August – September 2023 located in Jatinegara District, East Jakarta. The research method used is the case study method, with a sampling technique that is purposive sampling. The data analysis used is the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The results of this study found that consumer characteristics in the Jatinegara Ornamental Fish Market were dominated by the majority of consumers with an age range of 41-64 years with the majority of the last high school education. The majority of consumers work as private employees with the majority of monthly income of Rp 3,000,000 – Rp 5,000,000. Consumers have made purchases three times per month at the Jatinegara Ornamental Fish Market. These market consumers come from various districts in the East Jakarta Region, including Makassar District, Matraman District, Cakung District, Jatinegara District, Duren Sawit District and Pulo Gadung District. The Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) value of 61.4% in the category is classified as satisfied. The main variable that most affects consumer satisfaction is the product quality variable.
Enhancing Nutrient Content and Uptake in Chickpea through Phosphorus and PSB Inoculation in Custard Apple Based Agri-horti System
Authors: Karada Makhan Singh , Singh Yashpal , Mishra Riya , Agnihotri Dheer , Patel Kamal Kishor , Yadav Niraj Kumar , Singh Deepak
Published: November 2023

The field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2018-19 at the Agricultural Research Farm of Rajiv Gandhi South Campus, Banaras Hindu University, Barkachha, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India. This study aimed to investigate the effects of varying levels of phosphorus and inoculation with Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) on nutrient content and uptake in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in a custard apple-based agri-horticultural system. The experimental design employed a Factorial Randomized Block Design with three replications and twelve treatments, resulting in a total of 36 plots. The treatments ranged from different levels of phosphorus and PSB inoculation, denoted as T1 to T12. The study assessed the impact of these treatments on nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) content in grain and straw, as well as their uptake by chickpea. Findings reveal that higher PSB levels and phosphorus applications led to increased nitrogen and phosphorus content and uptake in both grain and straw, demonstrating a significant synergistic effect. Conversely, potassium content and uptake exhibited limited response to PSB inoculation. Moreover, protein content and yield in grain and straw significantly improved with these treatments.
Extent of Adoption of Agro Advisories Disseminated Through Annapurna Krishi Prasar Seva (AKPS) at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Palem in Telangana State, India
Authors: Rajashekar Banda , Rajashekhar Mandla , Reddy Thalla Prabhakar , Reddy Maligi Jagan Mohan , Shankar Adhi , Ramakrishna Kommagoni , Shaila Ongole , Jyoshna E. , Jahan Afifa
Published: November 2023

Agriculture is the most sector in developing countries like India, the majority of them depending on it, to upliftment of their economic status. Most farmers have adopted traditional agricultural practices for farming in the last several years. In this context, the extension system depends on the ICT platform, and it plays a greater role in uplifting the livelihoods of rural people by effectively providing need-based and location-specific information. ICT’s today serving many purposes in agriculture, business, and social development activities, etc., especially in agriculture from crop production technologies to marketing, facilitating forward & backward linkages to the farm produce. In this study impact of agro advisories disseminated through AKPS inferred that 42.50 per cent of the respondents were grouped under the medium category of adoption followed by high (40.00%), low (10.83%) and very low (06.67%) respective categories. Most of the respondents irrespective of the crop had a high level of knowledge about modern technologies. It was also found that the knowledge level of the farmers changed with what they had been growing seasonal crops.
Investigations on Genetic Variability and Character Association in Triticum dicoccum under Salinity Stress
Authors: Malipatil Srivijay S. , Biradar Suma S. , Kumar Rohit , Desai S. A. , Gundlur S. S. , Tippimath Sadashiva
Published: November 2023

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses affecting crop yield and quality. Wheat is regarded as a moderately salt tolerant crop; wheat species exhibit high variability that can be conveniently explored to improve wheat species for salt tolerance. Hence, the magnitude of variability for salt tolerance was studied in dicoccum wheat germplasm accessions. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variance were observed for grain yield and yield attributes like tillers per meter, biomass, spikelets per spike and harvest index. The heritability and genetic advance over mean were moderate to high for grain yield, thousand grain weight, tillers per meter, biomass, spikelets per spike, harvest index, plant height, days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity. Character association studies revealed that harvest index and SPAD at anthesis stage exhibited a positive significant correlation under both saline and control condition. Path coefficient analysis revealed that traits like harvest index, biomass, tillers per meter and days to 50 per cent flowering were showing a high direct effect on grain yield under both saline and control condition. Thus, the present study provides valuable genetic resources for grain yield and yield parameters improvement which are associated with the salt tolerance in wheat species.
Weed Control by New Generation Herbicide and Its Influence on Yield and Nutrient Uptake in Transplanted Rice
Authors: Patel Shriman Kumar , Chattopdhayaya Nilanjan , Dubey Dig Vijay , Namdeo Balkrishna
Published: November 2023

A field experiment was conducted during kharif season 2019 and 2020 at research farm of Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur to evaluate the effect of different herbicide on weed attributes, yield attributes, yield and nutrient uptake in transplanted rice. The experiment comprised six treatment T1 (pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP 15 g a.i. ha-1), T2 (pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP 30 g a.i. ha-1), T3 (carfentrazone ethyl 25 g a.i. ha-1), T4 (carfentrazone ethyl 50 g a.i. ha-1), T5 (weed free) and T6 (weedy) with four replications in randomized block design. The significantly lesser weed density (37.75 No.m-2), weed dry weight (22.87 gm-2), weed index (3.41) and higher weed control efficiency (80.58 %) were recorded with the application of pyrazosulfuron ethyl 30 g a.i. ha-1 at 30 DAT than other treatments. Crop growth parameters (plant height, number of effective tillers, dry matter accumulation), yield attributes (panicle length, effective tillers, number of grains, test weight), nutrient uptake and grain yield were recorded highest in weed free plot (57.88 q ha-1) followed by pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10 % WP 30 g a.i. ha-1. However, least grain yield was recorded under weedy plot. The results suggested that pyrazosalfuron ethyl 10 % WP 30 g a.i. ha-1 were best broad spectrum effective herbicide in order to minimize the diverse weed flora in transplanted rice.
Cis-vaccinic acid, Dibutyl-Cyanamide and 9, 12-Octadecadienoic acid from pistachio (Pistachia vera) seed coat (PSCE) induced nuclear damage and cytotoxicity in human colon cancer HT-115 cells
Authors: Alkaltham Mohammed Saeed , Subash-Babu Pandurangan , Salamatullah Ahmad Mohammad , Shamlan Ghalia , Al-Harbi Laila , Alshatwi Ali A
Published: November 2023

Current strategy for colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy like regular intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may reduce the risk of developing CRC but they induce the regression of adenomas. Even the CRC management technique include colectomy, have not yet been proven to reduce mortality. The present study aimed to reduce the susceptibility of CRC via controlling cellular oxidative stress, inflammation and caspase depended apoptosis in HT-115 human colorectal cancer cells using pistachio seed coat extract as nutritional therapy. Increasing concentrations of pistachio seed coat ethyl acetate extract (PSCE) were applied to HT-115 cells, which were incubated for 24 h and 48 h. The IC50 values were 14 mg/dl after 24 h, and and 7.5 mg/dl after 48 h. Acridine orange/ ethidium bromide staining confirmed the presence of 32% early apoptotic, 27% pre-apoptotic, 12% apoptotic, and 6% necrotic cells after 48 h. PSCE at 14 mg/dl significantly increased the antioxidant capacity via the expression of CYP1A and GSK3β, and decreased inflammatory agents via decreasing NF-κb, TNF-α, COX-2 and PGE-2 expression three-fold after 48 h. The expression of the tumor suppression related genes p53 and mdm2, and the apoptosis related genes Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3, p21, and PCNA levels increased one-fold, and levels of mdm2, Bcl-2 and PCNA decreased after PME treatment of 48 h. PSCE effectively controlled colon cancer cell proliferation via the caspase-dependent mitochondrial mediated apoptotic pathway.

Keywords: Pistachia vera, cytotoxicity, human colon cancer, Cis-Vaccininc acid, apoptosis
Clonal Hematopoiesis and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Multiple Myeloma Undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplant
Authors: Rhee June-Wha , Pillai Raju , He Tianhui , Bosworth Alysia , Chen Sitong , Atencio Liezl , Oganesyan Artem , Peng Kelly , Guzman Tati , Lukas Kara , Sigala Brianna , Iukuridze Aleksi , Lindenfeld Lanie , Jamal Faizi , Natarajan Pradeep , Goldsmith Scott , Krishnan Amrita , Rosenzweig Michael , Wong F. Lennie , Forman Stephen J. , Armenian Saro
Published: November 2023

Importance

There is a paucity of information on the association between clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with cancer, including those with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), a population at high risk of developing CVD after HCT.

Objective

To examine the association between CHIP and CVD in patients with MM and to describe modifiers of CVD risk among those with CHIP.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with MM who underwent HCT between 2010 and 2016 at City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center in Duarte, California, and had pre-HCT mobilized peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) products cryopreserved and accessible for CHIP analyses. The study team performed targeted panel DNA sequencing to detect the presence of CHIP (variant allele frequency 2% or more).

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary end point was the 5-year cumulative incidence and risk for developing de novo CVD (heart failure, coronary artery disease, or stroke) after HCT.

Results

Of 1036 consecutive patients with MM (580 male [56%]; median age, 60.0 years) who underwent a first autologous HCT, 201 patients had at least 1 CHIP variant (19.4%) and 35 patients had 2 or more variants (3.4%). The 5-year incidence of CVD was significantly higher in patients with CHIP (21.1% vs 8.4%; P < .001) compared with those without CHIP; the 5-year incidence among those with 2 or more variants was 25.6%. In the multivariable model, CHIP was associated with increased risk of CVD (hazard ratio [HR], 2.72; 95% CI, 1.70-4.39), as well as of individual outcomes of interest, including heart failure (HR, 4.02; 95% CI, 2.32-6.98), coronary artery disease (HR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.06-4.63), and stroke (HR, 3.02; 95% CI, 1.07-8.52). Patients who had both CHIP and preexisting hypertension or dyslipidemia were at nearly 7-fold and 4-fold increased risk of CVD, respectively (reference: no CHIP, no hypertension, or dyslipidemia).

Conclusion and Relevance

CHIP was significantly and independently associated with risk of CVD in patients with MM undergoing HCT and may serve as a novel biologically plausible biomarker for CVD in this cohort. Patients with MM and both CHIP and cardiovascular risk factors had an exceptionally high risk of CVD. Additional studies are warranted to determine if cardiovascular preventive measures can reduce CHIP-associated CVD risk.
Skin Cancers in Medicare Beneficiaries With Actinic Keratoses
Authors: Mohr Cassandra , Li Yao , Navsaria Lucy J. , Hinkston Candice L. , Shete Sanjay S. , Margolis David J. , Wehner Mackenzie R.
Published: November 2023

Importance

Actinic keratoses (AK) are common premalignant skin lesions with a small risk of progressing to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). There is some evidence that patients with AKs also have increased risks of other skin cancers beyond SCC. However, the absolute risks of skin cancer in patients with AKs are unknown.

Objective

To calculate the absolute and relative risks of future skin cancer in Medicare beneficiaries with AKs.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This retrospective cohort study was performed using a deidentified, random sample of 4 999 999 fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries from 2009 through 2018. Patients with treated AKs were included, and patients with seborrheic keratoses (SKs) were included as a comparator group. All patients were required to have at least 1 year between data set entry and first AK or SK. Patients with a history of skin cancer were excluded. Data were analyzed from September 2022 to March 2023.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Outcomes were first surgically treated skin cancer, including keratinocyte carcinoma (including SCC and basal cell carcinoma [BCC]) and melanoma. The absolute risks of skin cancer in patients with AKs were evaluated. Skin cancer risks in patients with AKs were compared with patients with SKs using adjusted competing risks regression.

Results

A total of 555 945 patients with AKs (mean [SD] age, 74.0 [7.4] years; 55.4% female) and 481 024 patients with SKs (mean [SD] age, 73.3 [7.3] years; 72.4% female) were included. The absolute risk of skin cancer after a first AK was 6.3% (95% CI, 6.3%-6.4%) at 1 year, 18.4% (95% CI, 18.3%-18.5%) at 3 years, and 28.5% (95% CI, 28.4%-28.7%) at 5 years. Patients with AKs had increased risk of skin cancer compared with patients with SKs (any skin cancer: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.17; 95% CI, 2.15-2.19; keratinocyte carcinoma: aHR, 2.20; 95% CI, 2.18-2.22; SCC: aHR, 2.63; 95% CI, 2.59-2.66; BCC: aHR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.82-1.87; and melanoma: aHR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.60-1.73).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cohort study, older patients with AKs had substantial absolute risks, as well as elevated relative risks, of skin cancer. AKs may be clinical markers of UV exposure and increased skin cancer risk, including SCC, BCC, and melanoma. However, guidelines are lacking for follow-up skin cancer surveillance in patients with AKs. Efforts to develop evidence-based recommendations for skin cancer surveillance in patients with AKs are paramount.
Mesoscopic Supramolecular Assembly of Stereolithographically Printed Microgels
Authors: Keutgen Aileen , Klein Ina , Shi Feng , Kuehne Alexander J. C.
Published: November 2023

Microgels that assemble upon issuing of a trigger open up miscellaneous applications in soft robotics, drug delivery, and life‐like materials, due to their unique physical and chemical properties. In this work, a novel hydrogel photoresist system is formulated, consisting of 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate, ethylene glycol diacrylate, and phenyl bis(2,4,6‐trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, as well as redox‐sensitive supramolecular host‐guest association motifs. Complex and multi‐compartmented geometries with precisely located recognition motifs are printed in high resolution, resulting in multifunctional structured microgel building blocks for mesoscopic self‐assembly. An enzymatic feedback system is employed to dissipatively assemble and disassemble the redox‐active microgel building blocks in a temporally and spatially controlled pathway. The self‐assembling photoresist system is characterized in terms of the lower critical solution temperature, swelling behavior, and printability. The present work provides new perspectives for the design of tailor‐made mesoscopic microgels with customizable functionality and high applicability for various technological applications.
Nanoscale Chemical Diversity of Coke Deposits on Nanoprinted Metal Catalysts Visualized by Tip‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Filez Matthias , Walke Peter , Le‐The Hai , Toyouchi Shuichi , Peeters Wannes , Tomkins Patrick , Eijkel Jan C. T. , De Feyter Steven , Detavernier Christophe , De Vos Dirk E. , Uji‐I Hiroshi , Roeffaers Maarten B. J.
Published: November 2023

Coke formation is the prime cause of catalyst deactivation, where undesired carbon wastes block the catalyst surface and hinder further reaction in a broad gamut of industrial chemical processes. Yet, the origins of coke formation and their distribution across the catalyst remain elusive, obstructing the design of coke‐resistant catalysts. Here, the first‐time application of tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is demonstrated as a nanoscale chemical probe to localize and identify coke deposits on a post‐mortem metal nanocatalyst. Monitoring coke at the nanoscale circumvents bulk averaging and reveals the local nature of coke with unmatched detail. The nature of coke is chemically diverse and ranges from nanocrystalline graphite to disordered and polymeric coke, even on a single nanoscale location of a top‐down nanoprinted SiO2‐supported Pt catalyst. Surprisingly, not all Pt is an equal producer of coke, where clear isolated coke “hotspots” are present non‐homogeneously on Pt which generate large amounts of disordered coke. After their formation, coke shifts to the support and undergoes long‐range transport on the surrounding SiO2 surface, where it becomes more graphitic. The presented results provide novel guidelines to selectively free‐up the coked metal surface at more mild rejuvenation conditions, thus securing the long‐term catalyst stability.
Atomic Structure of a DNA‐Stabilized Ag11 Nanocluster with Four Valence Electrons
Authors: Rück Vanessa , Neacșu Vlad A. , Liisberg Mikkel B. , Mollerup Christian B. , Ju Park Hee , Vosch Tom , Kondo Jiro , Cerretani Cecilia
Published: November 2023

The combination of mass spectrometry and single crystal X‐ray diffraction of HPLC‐purified DNA‐stabilized silver nanoclusters (DNA‐AgNCs) is a powerful tool to determine the charge and structure of the encapsulated AgNC. Such information is not only relevant to design new DNA‐AgNCs with tailored properties, but it is also important for bio‐conjugation experiments and is essential for electronic structure calculations. Here, the efforts to determine the structure of a HPLC‐purified green emissive DNA‐AgNC are presented. Unfortunately, the original DNA‐AgNC, known to have four valence electrons, could not be crystallized. By modifying the stabilizing DNA sequence, while maintaining the original spectroscopic properties, several mutants could be successfully crystallized, and for one of them, single crystal X‐ray diffraction data provided insight into the silver positions. While the DNA conformation is not resolved, the described approach provides valuable insight into the class of green and dual emissive DNA‐AgNCs with four valence electrons. These results constitute a roadmap on how to improve crystallization and crystal quality for X‐ray diffraction measurements.
Ni‐Doped RuPt Nanoalloy on Acid‐Treated Carbon for pH‐Universal Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Huynh Tai Thien , Mai Vo Thi Tuyet , Nguyen Anh Quoc Khuong , Pham Hau Quoc
Published: November 2023

Although alloying Pt with Ru has recently been reported as an advanced catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), their electrocatalytic performance and high cost are major limitations of the electrochemical water‐splitting technology. Therefore, the study herein reports a doping strategy of Ni atoms into the RuPt lattice that not only further reduces the noble metal content but also enhances the overall HER efficiency via the formed synergistic effects. With boosting reaction kinetics, the as‐made ternary alloy catalyst exhibits improved HER efficiency, achieving a low overpotential/Tafel slope of 22.14 mV/23.92 mV dec−1 in the 0.5 m H2SO4 and 46.52 mV/37.82 mV dec−1 in the 1.0 m KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, the NiRuPt/Activated XC‐72 shows high TOFs (4.13 H2 s−1 at 50 mV/3.88 H2 s−1 at 100 mV in acidic/alkaline electrolyte) and great long‐term stability. This study suggests that the development of Pt‐based ternary nanoalloys is an attractive strategy for using low‐precious metal‐content catalysts for electrochemical energy‐related technologies.
High‐Voltage Instability of Vinylene Carbonate (VC): Impact of Formed Poly‐VC on Interphases and Toxicity
Authors: Kubot Maximilian , Balke Lisa , Scholz Johannes , Wiemers‐Meyer Simon , Karst Uwe , Hayen Heiko , Hur Hyuck , Winter Martin , Kasnatscheew Johannes , Nowak Sascha
Published: November 2023

Full exhaustion in specific energy/energy density of state‐of‐the‐art LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM)‐based Li‐ion batteries (LIB) is currently limited for reasons of NCM stability by upper cut‐off voltages (UCV) below 4.3 V. At higher UCV, structural decomposition triggers electrode crosstalk in the course of enhanced transition metal dissolution and leads to severe specific capacity/energy fade; in the worst case to a sudden death phenomenon (roll‐over failure). The additive lithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP) is known to suppress this by scavenging dissolved metals, but at the cost of enhanced toxicity due to the formation of organofluorophosphates (OFPs). Addition of film‐forming electrolyte additives like vinylene carbonate (VC) can intrinsically decrease OFP formation in thermally aged LiDFP‐containing electrolytes, though the benefit of this dual‐additive approach can be questioned at higher UCVs. In this work, VC is shown to decrease the formation of potentially toxic OFPs within the electrolyte during cycling at conventional UCVs but triggers OFP formation at higher UCVs. The electrolyte contains soluble VC‐polymerization products. These products are formed at the cathode during VC oxidation (and are found within the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI), suggesting an OFP electrode crosstalk of VC decomposition species, as the OFP‐precursor molecules are shown to be formed at the anode.
Robotic Manipulator‐Assisted Omnidirectional Augmented Reality for Endoluminal Intervention Telepresence
Authors: Lin Zecai , Xu Zheng , Liu Huanghua , Wang Xuyang , Ai Xiaojie , Zhou Cheng , Huang Bidan , Chen Weidong , Yang Guang-Zhong , Gao Anzhu
Published: November 2023

Robotic telemedicine can provide timely treatment to critical patients in geographically remote locations. However, owing to the lack of depth information, occlusion of instrument, and view direction limitations, visual feedback from the patient to the clinician is typically unintuitive, which affects surgical safety. Herein, an omnidirectional augmented reality (AR)‐assisted robotic telepresence for interventional medicine is developed. A monocular camera is used as an AR device with a manipulator, where virtual key anatomies and instruments are superimposed on video images using multiobject hand–eye calibration, iterative closest point, and images superposition algorithms. The view direction of the camera can be changed via the manipulator, which allows the key anatomies and instruments to be viewed from different directions. Structure‐from‐motion and multi‐view stereo algorithms are used to reconstruct the scene on the patient's side, thus providing a virtual reality (VR) interactive interface for the manipulator's safe teleoperation. Two different phantom experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, an ex vivo experiment involving a porcine lumen is performed, in which the operator can view the interventional flexible robot. The proposed method integrates omnidirectional AR and VR with robotic telepresence, which can provide intuitive visual feedback to clinicians.
Super‐Resolution Photothermal Imaging at the Microscale by Model‐Based Image Reconstruction
Authors: Presotto Luca , Marini Mario , Chirico Giuseppe , Sironi Laura , D’Alfonso Laura , Panzeri Davide , Zeynali Amirbahador , Akpinar Reha , Di Tommaso Luca , Bouzin Margaux , Collini Maddalena
Published: November 2023

Super‐resolution strategies expand the applicability of imaging modalities toward previously inaccessible spatial scales. Herein, photoactivated far‐infrared thermography is pushed from the millimeter to the micrometer scale by a 2D super‐resolution imaging approach capable of tackling the resolution barriers imposed by both diffraction‐limited signal collection and lateral spatiotemporal heat diffusion. The proposed imaging strategy relies on a full‐wave forward model of far‐infrared thermography and on an image‐inversion approach, which reconstructs the surface distribution of the sample photothermal absorbers via gradient‐descent optimization as the one yielding the best match between predicted and experimental images. With minute‐long acquisitions on a commercial low‐cost far‐infrared camera, less‐than‐5 μm spatial resolution is demonstrated on both synthetic samples and human liver biopsies ex vivo, thereby exemplifying the applicability of super‐resolution photothermal imaging to the fast nondestructive characterization of biological specimens well below the tissue spatial scale.
The efficacy of beeswax in extending frying life of sunflower oil and storage stability of fried potato chips
Authors: Tajer Abdolhadi , Ozdemir Salih
Published: November 2023

This study was performed to investigate the impact of adding beeswax to sunflower oil on its frying life and the oxidative stability of the fried potato chips during storage. In this study, sunflower oil and its oleogels containing 2, 4, and 6/100 g(w/w) of beeswax were used in order to fry potato chips for 4 h each day for 4 days consecutively. Samples fried in sunflower oil absorbed the highest amount (37.0%) of oil compared to the lowest (32.9%) in 2% oleogel. The addition of beeswax did not negatively affect the color, texture, and sensory quality of potato chips. Based on the analysis of total polar components, changes in fatty acid composition, and p‐anisidine evaluation, the findings of this study indicate that the utilization of beeswax‐sunflower oil oleogel, particularly the 6% oleogel, may offer enhanced frying stability compared to sunflower oil. Moreover, chemical analyses of the potato chips stored for 30 days revealed that the control sample contained highest level of secondary oxidation products compared to the oleogels, indicating that fried potato chips in oleogels were more resistant to oxidation during storage. Therefore, beeswax can be considered as a natural preservative that improves the shelf life of fried potato chips as well as the frying stability of sunflower oil.
Risk of Hypertensive Disorders and Preterm Birth in Pregnant Women With Systemic Vasculitides: A Nationwide Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Mettler Camille , Beeker Nathanael , Collier Mathis , Le Guern Véronique , Terrier Benjamin , Chouchana Laurent
Published: November 2023

Objective

Even though systemic vasculitides (SVs) affect primarily patients over 50 years of age, they can occur among women of childbearing age. Preterm birth (PTB) and hypertensive disorders are frequent complications of pregnancy in SVs. This study aims to evaluate the risk of hypertensive disorders and PTB among pregnant women with SVs, and to identify associated risk factors.

Method

Using the French health insurance data warehouse, we conducted a nationwide cohort study including all pregnancies between 2013 and 2018 in women with SVs. Theses pregnancies were matched to pregnancies among women without SVs. We estimated risk of hypertensive disorders and PTB risk during pregnancy among women with SVs and investigated associated risk factors using a nested case‐control design.

Results

Among 3,155,723 pregnancies, we identified 646 pregnancies in women with SVs, matched to 3,230 controls. SVs were significantly associated with hypertensive disorders (odds ratio [OR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.3–2.2) and PTB (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4–2.3). Chronic renal failure before pregnancy, history of or treated arterial hypertension, the occurrence of vasculitides flare during pregnancy, and the subgroup of SVs were independently associated with the occurrence of hypertensive disorders. Maternal age at delivery, chronic renal failure before conception, and the occurrence of vasculitides flare during pregnancy were independently associated with the occurrence of PTB.

Conclusion

About one of seven pregnancies in women with SVs is associated with hypertensive disorders or preterm birth. The occurrence of vasculitides flare was associated with these complications. Our findings support the importance of prepregnancy counseling to ensure disease stability.

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Study on the Mechanism of Rapid Oil‐Water Separation by a Fe3O4@PMMA@PDMS Intelligent Superhydrophobic Micro/Nanorobot
Authors: Wang Zuoliang , Qu Guangfei , Ren Yuanchuan , Chen Xiuping , Wang Jun , Lu Ping , Cheng Minhua , Chu Xiaomei , Yuan Yongheng
Published: November 2023

We prepared an environmentally friendly intelligent Fe3O4@PMMA@PDMS superhydrophobic oil‐absorbing material with simple process and excellent performance, and investigated the effects of different particle sizes of Fe3O4, different concentrations of PDMS, and different heating times on the superhydrophobicity of the coating. The best performance of the coating was achieved at a particle size combination of 20/500 nm for Fe3O4, a PDMS to Fe3O4@PMMA mass ratio of 6 : 1, and a heating time of 2 min at 400 °C. H2‐SPSS coating not only has excellent superhydrophobicity, abrasion resistance, self‐cleaning property, and chemical corrosion, but also has good flux and efficiency for separating oil‐water mixture, with fluxes of 40,540, 32,432, and 37,027 Lm−2h−1 for trichloromethane, dichloromethane and bromoethane, respectively, and separation efficiencies of 99.78 %, 99.74 % and 99.73 %, respectively. In addition, we also prepared a superhydrophobic magnetic polyurethane (SPPU) sponge using Fe3O4@PMMA@PDMS, which not only has a good oil absorption capacity of 18–44 g/g for different oil substances, it can also move directionally by magnet attraction and absorb oil along a fixed path. Under the control of the magnet, SPPU completes the whole oil absorption process in only 4 s, showing excellent oil absorption and intelligence.
Bioanalytical liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method development and validation for quantification of lurasidone in rat plasma using ion pairing agent
Authors: Rajadhyaksha Madhura , Londhe Vaishali
Published: November 2023

A bioanalytical method was developed and validated for determining lurasidone (LUR) in rat plasma. The analyte and internal standard were extracted from rat plasma using a liquid–liquid extraction method. The mobile phase consisted of methanol, acetonitrile and water, with an ion pairing agent, 0.1% heptafluorobutyric acid, added to minimise the matrix effect. The detection was achieved using a tandem mass spectrometer (API 2000) in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode. All parameters were validated, including selectivity, specificity, carry‐over effect, linearity, precision, accuracy, matrix effect, sensitivity and stability. The linearity range was from 5.0 to 1200.0 ng/mL with a correlation coefficient of >0.99. The accuracy ranged from 100.00% to 110.22% across the quality control range. The mean absolute recovery from matrix samples for LUR and the internal standard was found to be 68.46% and 67.25%, respectively, and the relative recovery was found to be 73.89% and 77.44%, respectively. This method can determine LUR concentrations in rat plasma samples up to 12 h after oral administration, aiding in LUR pharmacokinetic (PK) investigations in rats. The method's reproducibility on a conventional LC–MS/MS system and a shorter run time of 3.0 min make it an appealing bioanalytical method for quantifying LUR in PK studies.
Carbon emissions, fracking, and firm value of U.S. oil and gas firms
Authors: Mollick André Varella , Haidar Md Ismail
Published: November 2023

We examine in this paper how firm value (market‐to‐book ratio, MTB) of U.S. oil and gas sector firms from 2010 to 2020 responds to carbon emissions intensity measures. We investigate three measures comprising total carbon emissions relative to assets, to market value of equity, and to net property, plant, and equipment. Our dynamic panel data approach separates the 82 firms into 35 fracking and 47 non‐fracking companies to address features underlying firm financing during the shale oil revolution. Concerned investors about the companies' large carbon emissions may have pulled out of the sector. These companies may also have overleveraged when expanding into new technologies of oil production or kept larger cash flow ratios. We report lower average carbon emissions for fracking firms, together with the larger size of fracking techniques: mean of assets of $46 billion for fracking versus $12 billion for non‐fracking companies. Using fixed‐effects and system generalized methods of moments (SGMM) models, we find that carbon emissions decrease MTB of fracking firms more than non‐fracking firms. Our dynamic panel approach provides a more accurate measure of the real effect of carbon emissions that is very robust to Tobin's q as alternative measure of firm value.
Nickel modified TiO2/C nanodisks with defective and near‐amorphous structure for high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries
Authors: Zhang Daijie , Xu Hui
Published: November 2023

Low‐cost sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are the star products in grid‐scale energy storage applications. Finding befitting anode materials is crucial to the advancement of SIBs. In this study, a novel two‐dimension (2D) nanostructured anode material composed of TiO2/C nanodisks and Ni nanoparticles that were synthesized by a facile metal‐organic frameworks derived method is reported. By introducing divalent Ni2+ ions in the synthesis process, TiO2/C microblocks were successfully transformed into the desirable 2D nanodisks, enabling the active materials to be more efficiently and fully utilized due to short diffusion path and substantive exposed active sites. Another important role of Ni2+ ions is as a doping source for TiO2, resulting in the formation of a defective and near‐amorphous TiO2/C structure, which aids in improving the kinetics. In addition, some Ni nanoparticles formed and attached to the surface of the TiO2/C nanodisks, which not only act as conductive bridges to make all the nanodisks electrically active but also act as pillars to prevent them from stacking. This unique 2D nanostructured anode material manifests high reversible capacities, excellent cycle performance, and impressive rate capability. This work provides a new means for the controllable synthesis of 2D nanostructured materials for energy storage applications.
Pepper, just show me the way! How robotic shopping assistants should look and act
Authors: Fukawa Nobuyuki , (Sandy) Huang Yu‐Shan , Babin Barry J.
Published: November 2023

Artificial intelligence enables modern robots to serve as service and sales assistants. Today's robotic shopping assistants (RSAs) can appear either humanoid or non‐humanoid and possess utilitarian and/or hedonic attributes. However, many questions remain unexplored regarding an effective customer‐centric RSA design. Do customers prefer a humanoid or non‐humanoid RSA with hedonic or utilitarian attributes? To answer those questions, the research deploys a mixed‐method approach involving a survey of customers who have interacted with the Pepper Robot, a humanoid robot (Study 1), and follow‐up experiments examining customer responses to a humanoid/non‐humanoid RSA with hedonic/utilitarian attributes (Studies 2 and 3). The research employs an innovative approach that analyzes both unstructured and structured data simultaneously. Study results suggest that customers prefer humanoid RSAs with utilitarian attributes over those with hedonic attributes. The research contributes to the literature by proposing hedonic (vs. utilitarian) attributes of RSAs as new drivers of anthropomorphic perceptions.
Ring‐Opening of 1,3‐Imidazole Based Mesoionic Carbenes (iMICs) and Ring‐Closing Clicks: Facile Access to iMIC‐Compounds
Authors: Merschel Arne , Vishnevskiy Yury V. , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Ghadwal Rajendra S.
Published: November 2023

Herein, ring‐opening of mesoionic carbenes (iMICs) (iMIC=[ArC{N(Dipp)}2C(SiMe3)C:) (Dipp=2,6‐iPr2C6H3, Ar=Ph, 4‐Me2NC6H4 or 4‐PhC6H4) based on an 1,3‐imidazole scaffold to yield N‐ethynylformimidamide (eFIM) derivatives as crystalline solids (eFIM={(Dipp)N=C(Ar)N(Dipp)}C≡CSiMe3) is reported. eFIMs are thermally stable under inert gas atmosphere and show moderate air stability (t1/2=3 h for Ar=Ph). eFIMs are excellent surrogates of iMICs, which generally have a limited shelf‐life, and readily undergo ring‐closing click reactions with a variety of main‐group as well as transition metal Lewis acids to form hitherto challenging iMIC‐compounds in good to excellent yields. In addition to the relevance of eFIMs in the synthesis of iMIC‐compounds, quantification of the stereoelectronic properties of a representative iMIC (Ar=Ph) by experimental and theoretical methods suggests remarkably σ‐donor property and steric profile of these new ligand sets.
Expression of EGFR, PD‐L1, and the mismatch repair proteins before and following therapy in malignant serous effusions with metastatic high‐grade serous tubo‐ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Nikas Ilias P. , Park Soo‐Young , Song Min Ji , Lee Cheol , Ryu Han Suk
Published: November 2023

Aim

To compare the immunochemical expression of EGFR, PD‐L1, and the mismatch repair (MMR) proteins MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 between matched malignant effusions obtained before and following the administration of chemotherapy in patients with high‐grade serous tubo‐ovarian carcinoma (HGSC).

Methods

In the enrolled HGSCs, matched formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded cell blocks (CBs) from effusions sampled before (treatment‐naïve patients) and during recurrence (following chemotherapy administration), in addition to their matched HGSC tissues obtained from the ovaries at initial diagnosis (treatment‐naïve patients), were subjected to EGFR, PD‐L1, and MMR immunochemical analysis.

Results

EGFR was more often overexpressed in effusions obtained after chemotherapy administration compared to both effusions (100% vs. 57.1%) and their matched tubo‐ovarian tumors (100% vs. 7.1%) from treatment‐naïve patients, respectively. EGFR immunochemistry was concordant in just 9.1% of the effusions sampled during recurrence and their paired ovarian samples before recurrence. Whereas all HGSC treatment‐naïve samples (ovarian lesions and effusions) were PD‐L1 negative, 3/11 (27.3%) malignant effusions obtained during recurrence showed PD‐L1 overexpression. Lastly, none of the tested HGSC samples exhibited MMR deficiency.

Conclusion

Measuring biomarkers using CBs from malignant effusions may provide clinicians with significant information related to HGSC prognosis and therapy selection, especially in patients with resistance to chemotherapy.
Terahertz radiation from shockwave front irradiated with femtosecond optical pulses
Authors: Nagashima Takeshi , Huang Hsinhui , Hatanaka Koji
Published: November 2023

Femtosecond double optical pulse experiments with nanosecond time delay were conducted in air. Terahertz pulses were generated from laser plasmas produced by the irradiation with the main pulses on shockwave excited by the pre‐pulse illumination. Intensity of the terahertz pulses depends on the time difference Δt and relative position Δy between the pre‐ and main pulses. We found a characteristic dependence of the intensity of the terahertz pulses on Δy at a longer time delay, Δt = 14.7 ns, which has two maxima while only one maximum was observed when delay times were at and shorter than 9.7 ns. The results are discussed taking into account air density distribution of the shockwave. The terahertz emission spectroscopy shown here can be a useful technique for investigating density structure and its time variation of shockwave with high temporal resolution.
Efficacy of a therapist‐guided smartphone‐based intervention to support recovery from bulimia nervosa: Study protocol of a randomized controlled multi‐centre trial
Authors: Schlegl Sandra , Maier Julia , Dieffenbacher Anna , Voderholzer Ulrich
Published: November 2023

Objective

Although inpatient treatment is highly effective for patients with bulimia nervosa (BN), some patients show a resurgence of symptoms and relapse after discharge. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a guided smartphone‐based aftercare intervention following inpatient treatment to support recovery.

Method

172 female patients with BN (DSM‐5: 307.51) will be randomized to receive a 16‐week smartphone‐based aftercare intervention (German version of ‘Recovery Record’) with therapist feedback as an add‐on element to treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Assessments will take place at baseline (discharge, T0), during the intervention (after 4 weeks, T1), post‐intervention (after 16 weeks, T2) and at 6‐month follow‐up (T3). Primary outcome will be remission at T2. Moderator and mediator analyses will investigate for whom the aftercare intervention suits best and how it works.

Conclusions

This is the first randomized controlled trial to examine a guided smartphone‐based aftercare intervention following inpatient treatment of patients with BN. We expect that this innovative aftercare intervention is highly accepted by the patients and that it has the potential to support recovery after inpatient treatment and thereby could contribute to improving aftercare for patients with BN.
“You Are What You Eat”: How Fungal Adaptation Can Be Leveraged toward Myco‐Material Properties
Authors: Hernando Alicia Vivas , Sun Wenjing , Abitbol Tiffany
Published: November 2023

Fungi adapt to their surroundings, modifying their behaviors and composition under different conditions like nutrient availability and environmental stress. This perspective examines how a basic understanding of fungal genetics and the different ways that fungi can be influenced by their surroundings can be leveraged toward the production of functional mycelium materials. Simply put, within the constraints of a given genetic script, both the quality and quantity of fungal mycelium are shaped by what they eat and where they grow. These two levers, encompassing their global growth environment, can be turned toward different materials outcomes. The final properties of myco‐materials are thus intimately shaped by the conditions of their growth, enabling the design of new biobased and biodegradable material constructions for applications that have traditionally relied on petroleum‐based chemicals.This perspective highlights aspects of fungal genetics and environmental adaptation that have potential materials science implications, along the way touching on key studies, both to situate the state of the art within the field and to punctuate the viewpoints of the authors. Finally, this work ends with future perspectives, reinforcing key topics deemed important to consider in emerging myco‐materials research.