bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Using survivorship curves to estimate age of first reproduction in mooseAlces alces
Authors: Ferguson Steven H.
Published: May 2018

Age‐specific mortality of large mammals follows a general pattern of high juvenile mortality followed by low adult mortality. I outline a method which models this change in mortality rate to estimate age of maturity in hunted mooseAlces alcespopulations. Kill data indicate that first time reproducers suffer the highest mortality during the hunting season. Cohort analysis of hunter kill data was used to estimate age‐specific female moose numbers and annual survival of cohorts over 18–26 years. Age at maturity was defined as age at the inflection point (highest mortality rate) of a third‐order log‐polynomial of annual survivorship curves. The inflection point demarcates the change in mortality rate between juvenile and adult life stages. Thus, the inflection point represents the greatest moose mortality rate during the hunting season and is likely associated with hunting mortality of inexperienced females accompanied by 6‐month‐old calves. I tested this method by estimating age of first reproduction (inflection point ‐ 0.5 years) and juvenile mortality for 15 Canadian moose populations. Results indicate a wide range of age at maturity (1.7–3.0 years) and percent of juveniles that survive to this age (29–70%). Estimating age at maturity from survivorship curves provides the opportunity to test life‐history theory.
Site fidelity of wintering cormorantsPhalacrocorax carbo sinensisin Europe
Authors: Frederiksen Morten , Bregnballe Thomas , van Eerden Mennobart R. , van Rijn Stef , Lebreton Jean‐Dominique
Published: May 2018

The breeding population of cormorantsPhalacrocorax carbo sinensishas expanded more than twenty‐fold in continental Europe since 1970, and these large piscivorous birds cause conflicts with human fishery interests in large parts of Europe, including areas outside their breeding range. Culling aimed at reducing local population size takes place in some wintering areas, particularly in France and Switzerland. The effectiveness of such management actions is unknown and depends on how high cormorant site fidelity is. We use winter resightings from the period 1980–2000 of 24,000 cormorants colour‐ringed in Denmark and The Netherlands to estimate site fidelity. Year‐to‐year fidelity to single sites (typically lakes) was 85–90%. For cormorants that changed site mean distances moved from year to year were typically between 10 and 50 km, depending on geographical location. However, long‐distance movements (maximum observed was 1,891 km) also occurred regularly. For larger parts of the winter range, exemplified by France, about 3% of all birds left the area from year to year. A mathematical model showed that the observed levels of movement among wintering areas were sufficiently high to sustain a wintering population in France at levels of culling which would drive it to extinction in the absence of immigration. Although cormorants are not nomadic outside the breeding season, as previously believed, site fidelity is sufficiently low and movement among wintering areas sufficiently high that it must be taken into account in management programmes.
Site use by dark‐bellied brent geese Branta bernicla bernicla on the Russian tundra as recorded by satellite telemetry: implications for East Atlantic Fly way conservation
Authors: Green Martin , Alerstam Thomas , Clausen Preben , Drent Rudi , Ebbinge Barwolt S.
Published: May 2018

In 1999, seven dark‐bellied brent geese Branta bernicla bernicla were followed during spring migration from western Europe to Arctic Russia using satellite telemetry. For six of the birds we were also able to monitor their summer stay at the Taymyr Peninsula, and for five birds part of their autumn migration was recorded. In this article, we report on site use during summer and spring/autumn migration. We also describe migration routes and evaluate general migratory performance during autumn migration. All birds spent the summer within areas covered by the Great Arctic Reserve on the Taymyr Peninsula. None of the birds returned to the wintering area with young, so the sites used during summer were most likely used primarily for moulting. The birds remained at the same sites the whole summer until the start of autumn migration, indicating that the build‐up of fuel stores for migration took place at the moulting sites. Autumn migration was conducted in a similar way as spring migration regarding routes and general migratory performance. Site use showed both a relatively large variation between individuals and seasons, as well as some degree of site fidelity as all birds returned for a longer stay in autumn to at least one of the areas they had used for more than two days in spring. Thus the migration of brent geese along the Arctic Ocean cannot be considered as a simple migration system with just a few key sites along the route, but instead it is a complex system with several localities used in different ways by different individuals. Most of the areas used by the satellite‐tagged birds were previously known stopover areas, but some of them had not been recognised as being of importance for brent geese before. Most of the stopover areas do not have any kind of formal legal protection. It is suggested that further research should be carried out in the areas identified in this study to evaluate their importance and role in the migratory journeys of dark‐bellied brent geese.
Roe deer Capreolus capreolus fawns and mowing ‐ mortality rates and countermeasures
Authors: Jarnemo Anders
Published: May 2018

Besides red fox Vulpes vulpes predation, mowing is probably the most important mortality factor for roe deer Capreolus capreolus neonates in areas of intensive agriculture. Using radio‐transmitters on roe deer neonates in south‐central Sweden, I estimated mortality caused by mowing and tested and evaluated a traditional method to decrease this kind of mortality. During 1997–1999 fawn mortality caused by mowing was estimated at 25–44% of the yearly recruitment. Fawns were at risk for at least up to one month of age. The method tested uses scaring devices made of plastic sacks that are set out before mowing. The idea is that this will prevent female roe deer from placing their fawns in the field and make them remove the ones already hiding there. Black plastic sacks were attached to approximately 2‐m long poles and placed in hay fields where marked fawns were bedded. During 1998–1999,14 separate experiments were performed. Out of 22 fawns bedded in the vicinity of sacks, 18 were removed the day after the sacks were set out and three were removed on the second day. The fawns were always removed to another field or habitat patch. Fawns in the experiments were removed to a higher degree than fawns used as a control, and they were moved longer distances than both control fawns and the distances moved during the days before the experiment. The results imply that the use of this method is effective in reducing the mortality of roe deer fawns.
Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Metode Tazkiyatun Nafsi Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Sabilillah Lamongan
Authors: Mumtahanah Nurotun
Published: May 2018

The strategy of improving the quality of character education through the so-called tazkiyatun nafsi method is an effort to improve the quality of character education in Indonesia by inculcating the Islamic values from an early age to the children or the generation of the nation. Data collection is done through such methods as observation, interview, and documentation. The informants are the head of Madrasah, akidah akhlaq teacher, Quránic studies teacher, guidance and counseling teacher, and some students of MI Sabilillah Lamongan. While to analyze the data is by using descriptive qualitative analysis techniques that will explain the phenomenon that occurred in a school. The result shows that the improvement of character education quality applied by using the tazkiyatun nafsi method is to familiarize the students to perform either fardhu or sunnah prayers for example dzuhur prayer, dhuha prayer in addition to familiarizing them to read the Qur'an and familiarizing them on the importance of dzikir, istighfar, and reciting the prayer on the Prophet. In every implementation of education, there are always supporting and inhibiting factors. The factors that support the implementation of quality improvement of character education through the tazkiyatun nafsi method are among others teachers are never tired to educate the students, the principal who always provides good policies on the implementation of KBM, including foundation circles, community organizations, and the last is the enthusiastic students of MI Sabilillah Lamongan, while the most dominant inhibiting factor is lack of available places.
Implementasi Metode Saintifik Pada Mata Pelajaran Al Qur’an Hadits Di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Lamongan
Authors: Imron Muhammad
Published: May 2018

This thesis is the result of field research to answer the question: How the Scientific Method Implementation Subjects Qur'an Hadith Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Lamongan, How Supporting and Inhibiting factors in the implementation of the Scientific Method Subjects Al -Qur'an Hadith Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Lamongan, How to Overcome Obstacles to the Implementation of the Scientific method Subjects Qur'an Hadith Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Lamongan. This research is a qualitative descriptive study in which research methods using the method of observation, interviews and documentation, The steps of analysis techniques in this study, namely Data Reduction (Data Reduction), Display Data (Data Display) and Data Verification. The results of this study concluded that the implementation of the Scientific Method 5M steps: Observe, ask, Trying, Associate and Communicating. Factors supporting the implementation of the scientific method is the mental attitude of educators, the ability of educators, instructional media were insufficient, library, facilities eligible, the school environment is conducive and the inhibiting factor is telatnya pengkontribusian books, difficulty adjusting material, method is emerging, assessment still sophisticated, learning tools, school hours are so dense, the difficulty in dealing with differences in the characteristics of learners, difficulties in obtaining resources and tools for learning, difficulties in conducting the evaluation and setting time. To overcome the inhibiting factor is by no delays in the contribution of the book, the agency held a workshop on learning as much as possible by means of the scientific method, assessment and learning how to manufacture the device, division of rest time. In line with the above conclusions, then to the academic community Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Lamongan in order to implement the scientific method as well as possible
Efektivitas Pembelajaran Full Day School Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Alanshori M. Zainuddin
Published: May 2018

Educational issues are so dynamic along with the development of the era. for that reason, education is expected to provide added values aimed at achieving prosperity both physically and spiritually. These changes are an important signal to look for alternative solutions. In consequence, education practitioners will think hard to formulate a new paradigm in education. In order to maximize the students' free time to be more useful, then the full day school system is such an answer. Full day School applies the basic concepts of "Integrated-Activity" and "Integrated-Curriculum". This means that all the programs and activities of students in school ranging from learning process to religious rituals are packed in an education system. The full day school learning system focuses on all educational programs and activities in school. And the full day school intensification is to improve students' learning achievement
Efek Motivasi Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Di KJKS BMT Mandiri Sejahtera Karang Cangkring Jawa TImur
Authors: Khoir Misbahul
Published: May 2018

High employee performance can be achieved if all the elements that exist within the agency or organization well integrated, and it therefore requires the    support of motivation and discipline in order to improve the employee's performance. The purpose of this study is to analyze and determine the effect of motivation and discipline to employee performance. This study aimed to examine the effect of motivation and discipline to employee performance either partially or simultaneously on KJKS Bmt Mandiri Sejahtera Karangcangkring East Java. The method used is quantitative method with a sample of 36 respondents. Data were collected by using questionnaires and data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed regression equation as follows: Y = 1,757 + 0.497X1 + 0.434X2 where variable Performance (Y), variable motivation (X1), variable working Discipline (X2). Hypothesis testing using the t test showed a significant independent variable partial effect on the dependent variable. Then known calculated F value of 44 275> 3:28 with a significance of 0.000 <0.05, meaning that the two independent variables studied simultaneously affect the performance of the variable that is equal to 72.9%. While the remaining 27.1% is influenced by other variables not included in this study.
Analisis Penetapan Pengadilan Agama Lamongan No: 70/PDT.P/PA.LMG. Tentang Dispensasi Kawin
Authors: Alanshari M. Zainuddin
Published: May 2018

This study aims to answer the questions of what is the consideration of judges in the Lamongan Religious Court on the establishment of marriage dispensation on the grounds of being able to give so-called nafkah (feed) and what is the perspective of Islamic Law and Marriage Law in Indonesia against the establishment of Lamongan Religious Court judges about marriage dispensation on the grounds to be able to give nafkah. In order to answer the above questions, the writer used data collection techniques through documentation and interviews by using descriptive analysis with deductive mindset. The study concludes that the judge stipulating the dispensation of marriage on the grounds of being able to give nafkah is based on the fulfillment of the conditions of marriage except the age requirement for the prospective grooms having not reached the age of 19 years, as meant in the Compilation of Islamic Law Article 15 paragraph 1: (1) "For the benefit of families and households, marriage shall only be carried out if the legal age of marriage as stipulated in Article 7 of Law No.1 year 1974 namely the groom is at least 19 years old and the bride is at least 16 years old". Then supported by some written evidence as well as witnesses, the decision of Lamongan Religious Court in the establishment of marriage dispensation is very relevant to Islamic Law and Law no. 1 of 1974. Although, basically in its legal considerations, the judges are less concerned about the skills of the groom. Thus, such establishment has no implications for the validity of marriage, since in fiqh it is permissible as long as there is no element of fraud or any party to be harmed by the marriage
Mengenal Menstruasi Dalam Prespektif Imam Syafi'i
Authors: Syah Imas Jihan
Published: May 2018

Biologically, menstruation is a reproductive cycle showing that a woman is healthy related to her reproductive organs. Menstruation indicates a woman's sexual maturity in the sense that she has an ovum ready to be fertilized, be pregnant, and give birth to a child. In religious language we call this cycle as menstruation. In the Shafi'i school of thought (madzhab), women start menstruation period, at least age 9 (nine) years. The duration of menstruation is at least one day and night or 24 hours and at most is 15 days and nights. The menstrual discharge are commonly 6 or 7 days and nights. But in general, menstruation occurs 1x in a month. As for the most period there is no limit (according to ijma'). It could be 1x a year and even there is a woman who has never experienced menstruation throughout life, namely: Sayyidah Fatimah Az-Zahra Al-Battul
Konsep Orang Tua Yang Durhaka Dalam Perspektif Islam
Authors: Aslamiyah Siti Suwaibatul
Published: May 2018

Many are peeling many of wich explore the child’s ungodly behavior to parents, but few who explore the opposite phenomenon of the ungodly behavior of parents against their children. Children is a grace from God of Allah swt to his parents to be grateful, educated and fostered to be a good person, strong personality and ethical Islamic. While, the development of religion in children is largely determined by the education and their experience, especially during the pre-election period of expectant mothers and fathers and the first growth period from 0 to 12 years. For that, the author is moved to explore and examine (about) the concept of elderly parents in the perspective of Islam. This is the author thoroughly to know who exactly the child in his existence according to Islam? What is the rule and rule of education in family and family roles in children’s education? What are the preparations (actions) that are classified as the ungodly behavior of parens against the child? In this study shows there is an effect (impact) between the family environment (parents) on the formation of islamic character and ethics in children from an early age mainly from the factors of prospective fathers and prospective mothers so the authors get the correlation that the failure of good personality planting in early childhood will turn out to form a problematic person in his adulthood (his grow up). While the success of parents guiding their children will determine the formation of character and their morals so that the family environment conditions are crucial for the success of children in social life in their adult life later (after grow up).  In this study resulted in the conclusion that there are some things that make the parents become ungodly against their children and it has been conceptualized in the holy book of the Qur’an which at least in this study collected there are 14 components of eldery behavior of the lawless to their children.
RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF A DRAGLINE USING FAULT TREE ANALYSIS
Authors: Tuncay Deniz , Demirel Nuray
Published: May 2018

Draglines, as massive and expensive stripping machines, are highly utilized in open cast mining to remove overburden. Reliabilities and availabilities of draglines play a critical role to sustain the continuity of overburden stripping and, hence, coal productions. Thorough understanding of the system and its components is required in order to accomplish high levels of availability and it can be achieved with an in depth reliability analysis. This study presents component-based reliability analysis of a walking dragline being operated in an open cast coal mine in Turkey. The main objective of the study is to understand the effects of each component or subsystem of a dragline on its reliability which will further provide insight into optimized maintenance schedule. The results of the study revealed that the system is expected to fail in 37.9 hours, most probably due to a failure in the rotation component of the movement subsystem. Dragging rope is predicted to have the highest contribution to number of failures within a year, but the motors and generators will cause the longest downtime if failed. Reliability importance (RI) values were also found to be useful to decide which components need attention at certain time intervals.
TİYOSÜLFAT İLE ALTIN VE GÜMÜŞ LİÇİNİN TEMELLERİ – BÖLÜM I
Authors: Ahlatcı Fırat , Yazıcı Ersin Y. , Celep Oktay , Deveci Hacı
Published: May 2018

Günümüzde, cevherlerden altın üretiminde en yaygın (>%90) olarak tercih edilen yöntem siyanür içidir. Siyanür liçi, 19. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren endüstriyel olarak kullanılmaktadır ve liç imyası iyi bilinmektedir. Bununla beraber özellikle son yıllarda, siyanürün yüksek derecedetoksik özelliğe sahip olmasına bağlı olarak artan çevresel kaygılar nedeniyle, kullanımına air kısıtlamalar getirilmiştir. Avrupa Birliği 2010 yılında siyanürün tamamen yasaklanmasını eğerlendirmiş ancak; altın kazanımında teknik ve ekonomik açıdan siyanür liçi ile yarışabilen bir teknoloji mevcut olmadığı için genel bir yasak getirmemiştir. Siyanüre alternatif reaktifler arasında tiyosülfat, düşük toksik özelliği ve yüksek liç kinetiği gibi özellikleri ile ön plana çıkmıştır. Tiyosülfat liçi, siyanür ile etkin olarak kazanılamayan bazı refrakter tip cevherlerde de yüksek verimlersağlamaktadır. Tiyosülfat liçinin ilk endüstriyel uygulaması 2015 yılında Barrick Gold firması tarafından uygulamaya geçirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, amonyaklı tiyosülfat liçinin tarihsel gelişimi, siyanür liçi ile teknik/çevresel açıdan karşılaştırılması, liç mekanizması ve liç işlemini etkileyentemel parametreler irdelenmiştir. Ayrıca, alternatif tiyosülfat liçi sistemleri de değerlendirilmiştir.
GRANİTİK KAYAÇLARDA MİNERAL ŞEKİL ÖZELLİKLERİ İLE SPESİFİK DEFORMASYON ENERJİSİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Çomaklı Ramazan , Atıcı Ümit
Published: May 2018

Kayaçların mekanik özelliklerinden birisi Spesifik Deformasyon Enerjisi olup tek eksenli basınç dayanımı testinde elde edilen gerilme deformasyon eğrisi altında kalan alandan hesaplanmaktadır. Kayaç içerisindeki minerallerin de kayaçların mekanik özelliklerine etkisi vardır. Bu çalışmada mineral şekil özellikleri ile spesifik deformasyon enerjisi arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. Dokuz farklı kayaç numunesi üzerinde basınç dayanımı testleri yapılmış ve her bir kayaç için gerilme deformasyon eğrileri altında kalan alan hesaplanarak spesifik deformasyon enerjisi değeri bulunmuştur. Kayaçlar içerisindeki mineral özellikleri belirlenirken doku katsayısı yaklaşımı kullanılmış ve her bir kayaç için doku katsayısı değeri belirlenmiştir. Doğrusal regresyon analizi yöntemi kullanılarak elde edilen veriler istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmiş ve spesifik deformasyon enerjisi (SEDef) ile doku katsayısı (TC) arasında güçlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur.
AÇIK OCAK MADEN İŞLETMELERİNDE İŞÇİ ANKETLERİ İLE İŞ SAĞLIĞI VE GÜVENLİĞİ KÜLTÜRÜ VE UYGULAMASININ ARAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: Koçali Kaan
Published: May 2018

Türkiye’nin çeşitli illerindeki açık ocak maden işletmelerinde çalışan işçilere, maden işletmelerinde
alınması gereken asgari iş sağlığı ve güvenliği tedbirlerinin varlığı sorulmuştur. Bunun için bazı
anketler hazırlanmış ve işçinin sadece kendi işi için değil tüm maden sahası ve işletmesi için fikir
sahibi olup olmadığı ölçülmüştür. Hazırlanan soruları arttırmak tabi ki mümkündür fakat en basit
haliyle iş sağlığı ve güvenliği kültürünün araştırılması planladığı için soruların detay ayrıntıları
ankete konulmamıştır. Ankette sorulan sorular başlıklar haline ayrılarak işçilere sunulmuştur.
Böylece işçinin farklı alanlardaki önlemler hakkında kendisini de ilgilendiren sorunları görmesi
sağlanmıştır. Kısacası işçilerin en basit haliyle kendi çalıştıkları maden ocaklarında Risk Analizi
ve Değerlendirmesi yapmaları sağlanmıştır. Böylece hem maden ocağı hem de işçinin İş Sağlığı
ve Güvenliği Kültürü’nü ne kadar bildiği ve uyguladığı araştırılmıştır.
COMMUNICATIVE LEARNING IN THE CLASSROOM INTERACTION (A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY ON THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS IN MAN 3 TULUNGAGUNG IN THE 2016/2017 ACADEMIC YEAR)
Authors: Azimah Anis
Published: May 2018

This research aims at observing how the process of communicative learning occurred in the classroom interaction and identifying the types of interaction in the classroom. To meet the purposes of the research, this research raised the questions related to the principal features of Communicative Orientation of Language Teaching (COLT) scheme proposed by Nunan (1992). MAN 3 Tulungagung was taken as the setting of the research. The interaction between English teacher and students of Acceleration (X-10) class in the 2016/2017 academic year were recorded as the subject of the analysis. To examine the learning process and interaction, this research used qualitative approach in the form of descriptive method. In collecting the data, the researcher employed video recording. The data obtained through the observation was in the form of transcribed interaction. It was also found that the types of interaction occurred in the classroom are Teacher-Class (T - C), Teacher-Group (T-G), Teacher-Student(s) (T-S), and Student-Student (S-S) interactions. Each of this interaction is influential in the classroom. Regarding the findings of the research, the researcher concludes that these communicative analysis can be used as self-monitoring for English teacher to create communicative classroom. Therefore, this study is useful to introspect teacher’s and learner’s performance in the classroom. Key words: communicative Learning, Classroom Interaction.
PERANAN BADAN NARKOTIKA NASIONAL (BNN) KABUPATEN BLITAR DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOTIKA PADA RUANG LINGKUP SEKOLAH DI KABUPATEN BLITAR
Authors: Wibawa Brian Yuda
Published: May 2018

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan dan kendala-kendala Badan Narkotika Nasional (BNN) Kabupaten Blitar dalam upaya pencegahan penyalahgunaan narkoba  pada ruang lingkup sekolah. Penelitian yuridis empiris di Kecamatan Wlingi Kabupaten Blitar ini menunjukkan bahwa peranan BNN Kabupaten Blitar dalam upaya pencegahan penyalahgunaan narkoba di lingkup sekolah sudah baik karena tugas pokok dan fungsinya sebagian besar sudah terealisasi. Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi BNN Kabupaten Blitar berasal dari faktor internal hukum, faktor sarana dan prasarana, serta pihak sekolah. Kata Kunci: Badan Narkotika Nasional (BNN), Pencegahan, Ruang Lingkup  Sekolah
PELAKSANAAN WAKAF LISAN DALAM KONTEKS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 41 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG WAKAF: Studi di Kabupaten Blitar, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Authors: Fikri A.B Zainul
Published: May 2018

Di dalam era yang serba globalisasi dimana hampir segala lini membutuhkan jaminan kepastian hukum, masyarakat daerah Indonesia mayoritas masih bersifat gemeinsschaft dengan salah satu ciri tingginya sikap jujur dan saling percaya antara satu dengan yang lain, tidak terkecuali dalam konteks praktik perwakafan. Penelitian yuridis empiris di Kecamatan Selopuro, Kabupaten Blitar, Jawa Timur, Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa praktik perwakafan mayoritas masih sebatas wakaf ucapan lisan antara wakif dan nadzir yang belum sampai pada tahapan ikrar di depan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Ikrar Wakaf. Kata kunci: Wakaf Lisan, Undang-Undang Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf
ANALISIS PRODUKSI TEMBAKAU RAJANGAN TIPE MAGELANGAN DALAM POLA KEMITRAAN CV. MERABU - PT. DJARUM KUDUS
Authors: Sumartono Eko
Published: May 2018

Purpose of this research is estimate level of input usage; production rate and level of productivity, and to determine factors influence produce of to produce and productivity at tobacco type rajangan public people type Magelangan. This research applies a descriptive method and multiple regresiion analysis. Result of research indicates that level of input usage, production rate and level of productivity, quality of tobacco type Magelangan has experienced a drastic degradation from the year 2005 to 2009. Hereinafter level of input usage experiences upsurge, although some inputs still experience a degradation. Land area, Ortheen/Roteen 75 SP, Year of 2006,  Year of 2007 and Year of 2008 are significant factors affecting production while number of partnership member, NPK Fertil/Basal, Ortheen/Roteen 75 SP, Marcis, Year of 2006,  Year of 2007 and Year of 2008 as well as year 0f 2009 are important factors to affect productivity. Keyword: Magelangan Tobacco type, production factors, production, productivity, partnership
ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI PENDAPATAN PADA USAHA IKAN NILA DI KECAMATAN SEGINIM, KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN
Authors: Sriyoto Sriyoto , Reswita . , Hardianto .
Published: May 2018

Indonesia has a very rich fisheries resources and potential both in the fresh waters, the coast, and sea water covering land diversity of fish and fisheries. One type of  fresh water fish that has been cultivated is Tilapia. In Indonesia, Tilapia is economically valuable fish which has been cultivated by fish farmers in various areas. Seginim district in Southern Bengkulu is one region in Sumatera that produces cultivator of Tilapia. The objectives of this study were to 1) know the income of Tilapia farmers and 2) know the income distribution in the business of Tilapia. The determination of respondents in this research was taken from the business of Tilapia.  The respondents were determined by using census method and the number of respondents were 54 people. The primary data was taken directly from the respondents by using interview method to the enterpreneuss, and by using questionaires. The secondary data was obtain from the Seginim district office and related literature.the analysis instrument used was the income analysis and income distribution of the business of Tilapia. The results of the study showed that the income of the business of Tilapia in Seginim district of Southern Bengkulu  was Rp22,204,786.27 per farm per season. The part obtained by fish feed businessman was 45.17 percent; by fish seed businessman was 29.25 percent; by fish farmers was 19.22 percent; and by farm workers was 6.36 percent. Keywords : Tilapia fish farmers, Income, Income distribution
POLA HUBUNGAN PATRON- KLIEN PADA KOMUNITAS NELAYAN DI KELURAHAN MALABRO KECAMATAN TELUK SEGARA KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Sinaga Herman , Widiono Septri , Irnad .
Published: May 2018

This research aimed to describe the characteristic of fishing activities in Malabro Municipal, Teluk Segara District, Bengkulu city and to describe the pattern of patron- client relationship between wholesaler, vessel owner and fishermen. This researh conducted using qualitative method. Data collected using obsevation, interview, and documantes information related to this research. Thi result shows that fishermen are using three fishing tools, such as gillnets, payang and trammel nets. These fishing tools will be influence many things like type of vessel, amount of fishermen, and production sharing system. In patron-client relations between wholesaler and boat owner. Wholesaler has a role as patron and the boat owner has a role as client. Patron-client relation is mutual benefit. While, relation between wholesaler or vessel owner and fishermen hasn’t shown patron- client relationship but only shown relation of fishing activities. Keywords: Fishing gears, Patron-Client
ANALISIS KOMPARASI USAHATANI PADI SAWAH PENGGUNA BENIH BERSERTIFIKAT DAN BENIH NON SERTIFIKAT DI KELURAHAN KEMUMU KECAMATAN ARMA JAYA
Authors: Raditya Reza , Asriani Putri Suci , Sriyoto .
Published: May 2018

This research purposse are to calculate and compare the productivity of land, income, and efficiency between paddy farming using certified seed and paddy farming which uses non-certified seed. The research was conductedin the village of Kemumu with a total sample of 15 farmers certified seed specified users using census method and 22 non-certified seed user farmers were determined using purposive sampling method. Methods of data analysis using quantitative analysis and qualitative (descriptive). The analysis showed that the average productivity of the land (5,112 Ton/Ha), average income (Rp 16.501.384,77/Ha), and the average efficiency (3,91) forpaddy farming using certified seed. While the average productivity of the land (3,918 Ton/Ha), the average income (Rp 10.951.035,29/Ha), and the average efficiency (3.24) for paddy farming which uses non-certified seed. Based onthe results ofthe analysis, itcan be concluded that certified seed is better than non-certified seed both in terms of land productivity, income, and efficiency. Key words: certified and non certified seeds, productivity of land, income, efficiency
STRATEGI PEMASARAN EKSPORT PT GLOBAL TROPICAL SEAFOOD DALAM MENGHADAPI KOMPETISI PASAR GLOBAL
Authors: Malik Jamaludin
Published: May 2018

This research was aimed to identify the factors of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in company's position for marketing strategy application, also to create the marketing strategy that applied in Global Tropical Seafood Co. (Ltd), Karawang.  The analysis that use to evaluate the company's system are identified the internal factors combination (strengths and weaknesses), also external factors (opportunities and threats). All of the instruments in internal and external factors that identified, should be tested the validity and reliability. And to know the company's position for this time, SWOT analysis was used.   Based on validity and reliability analysis's result, its explain that all of instruments in internal and external factors are valid and reliable to determine the export marketing strategy for fish handling crop of Global Tropical Seafood Co. (Ltd) on confident level at 95 %. SWOT's analysis result explain that for this time that the company is in first level (I quadrant), which is this position very beneficial to apply the strategy which support the growth oriented strategy. Based on the formula of SWOT's analysis strategy, so the SO's (Strengths and Opportunities) strategy that support the growth oriented strategy which is applied in Global Tropical Seafood Co. (Ltd) are raising biotechnology to increase production, developing and raising the marketing mix strategy, increasing the strength of sales team who is doing the market's expansion, increasing the relationship to cooperate with potential distributor in the export target countries, market's stimulate on fishery market which is very potential, also developing and expansion market area. Keywords: export marketing strategy, fish handling crop.Keywords: Marketing Strategy, Export, Fishery processing products
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pengambilan Keputusan Petani Salak Dalam Memilih Saluran Pemasaran
Authors: Harahap Juraidah , Sriyoto Sriyoto , Yuliarti Ellys
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine the pattern of the decision of farmers about salak in choosing the marketing channel and what factors influence what is done by salak farmers in choosing the marketing channel in Parsalakan village, West Angkola District, South Tapanuli District. North Sumatra. Based on the results of research, decision-making pattern of salak farmers in choosing marketing channel is dominated by husband and wife team roles are equal. While the results of statistical analysis of farming experience provide a significant effect on the decision of farmers. While age, cash requirement, length of formal education, distance, the number of dependents of the family and the area of land partially do not give a significant effect on the decision of farmers in choosing marketing channels.Keywords: the pattern of decision-making, factors that influence decision-making, farmers salak, marketing channels
KAJIAN EKOSISTEM TERUMBU KARANG UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA BAHARI PULAU TIKUS BENGKULU
Authors: Pustikawati Maria , Johan Yar , Hartono Dede
Published: May 2018

Pulau Tikus merupakan pulau kecil yang terletak di sebelah Barat Kota Bengulu. Dengan jarak sekitar 10 km dari pusat kota. Pulau Tikus memiliki potensi ekowisata bahari terumbu karang dengan perairan yang jernih dan bersih sehingga keindahannya menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi pengunjung. Terumbu karang yang ada di Pulau Tikus bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai objek ekowisata yaitu ekowisata bahari kategori diving dan snorkeling. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi potensi ekosistem terumbu karang di Pulau Tikus dan  menganalisis kesesuaian kawasan ekowisata bahari kategori diving dan snorkeling. Kualitas air terdiri atas kecerahan, suhu, kecepatan arus, dan kedalaman. Analisis kondisi penutupan karang menggunakan Line intecept transec, analisis ikan karang menggunakan Underwater Visual Census dan analisis kesesuaian menggunkan indeks kesesuaian kawasan. Rata-rata tutupan ekosistem terumbu karang yang ada di Pulau Tikus yaitu 37,59% masuk kategori (sedang). Rata-rata kesesuaian ekowisata bahari kategori diving yaitu 60,4% masuk dalam kategori S2 (sesuai) dan rata-rata kesesuaian ekowisata bahari kategori Snorkeling yaitu 46,33% masuk dalam kategori S3 (sesuai bersyarat).
APLIKASI SIG UNTUK ANALISIS KESESUAIAN KAWASAN BUDIDAYA TERIPANG PASIR (Holothuria scabra) DENGAN METODE PENCULTURE DI PERAIRAN TELUK KIOWA, DESA KAHYAPU KECAMATAN ENGGANO
Authors: Wulandari Ully , Sulistyo Bambang , Hartono Dede
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian kawasan budidaya teripang menggunakan Aplikasi SIG yang disajikan dalam bentuk Peta Kesesuaian Kawasan Budidaya Teripang Pasir (Holothuria scabra) di Perairan Teluk Kiowa, Desa Kahyapu Kecamatan Enggano Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode penentuan tingkat kesesuaian kawasan budidaya berdasarkan Matriks Kesesuaian Kawasan Budidaya Teripang Pasir (Holothuria scabra) dalam menghasilkan Peta Kesesuaian Kawasan Budidaya Teripang Pasir (Holothuria scabra) yang ditentukan oleh Kriteria, Bobot dan Skor tiap parameter (kedalaman, kondisi dasar perairan, kecerahan, salinitas, derajat keasaman, keterlindungan, kandungan oksigen terlarut, dan suhu permukaan laut). Penelitian ini dikhususkan untuk Kesesuaian Kawasan Budidaya Teripang Pasir (Holothuria scabra) dengan metode Penculture. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, Perairan Teluk Kiowa merupakan perairan dengan persentase kesesuaian yang bervariasi sebagai kawasan budidaya Teripang Pasir (Holothuria scabra) dengan metode Penculture. Kelas Sangat Sesuai (S1) seluas 102,477 Ha, kelas Sesuai (S2) seluas 62,435 Ha, dan kelas Tidak Sesuai (S3) seluas 197,991 Ha.
STUDI JENIS DAN KELIMPAHAN TERIPANG (HOLOTHUROIDEA) DI EKOSISTEM PADANG LAMUN PERAIRAN DESA KAHYAPU PULAU ENGGANO
Authors: Oktamalia Oktamalia , Purnama Dewi , Hartono Dede
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan di perairan pantai Kahyapu Pulau Enggano Provinsi Bengkulu pada bulan September sampai November 2013. Hasil pengamatan ditemukan 7 jenis yang termasuk kedalam kelas Holothuroidea, dengan dua ordo yaitu Apodida dan Aspidochirotida dan dua famili yaitu Holothuridea dan Synaptidae, serta 4 Genus yaitu Opheodesoma, Synapta, Eupta, dan Holothuria. Dengan kelimpahan tertinggi pada bulan September dan November stasiun 1 sebanyak 153,33 dan 520 ind/ha, terendah stasiun 1 dan 2 sebanyak 13,33 ind/ha. Pada stasiun 3 masing-masing 13,33 ind/ha. Pada bulan September maupun November kepadatan tertinggi masing-masing berjumlah 0,1- 1,333 ind/25m², dan 1,071 – 2,933 ind/25m². Indeks dominasi bulan September dan November berkisar antara 0,343 – 1 dan 0,120-0,524. Indeks keanekaragaman bulan September dan November berkisar antara 0-0,918 dan 1,52-1,979. Indeks keseragaman  bulan September dan November berkisar antara 0-0,918 dan 0,576-0,765. Hasil pengukuran faktor abiotik didapatkan suhu rata-rata 27,63 oC, kecepatan arus rata-rata 0,2 m/s, kedalaman rata-rata 25-33 cm, kecerahan mencapai 100 %, salinitas rata-rata 30,53 ppm, derajat keasaman (pH) rata-rata 6,78. kandungan padatan tersuspensi berkisar antara 1,720-1,950 mg/l dan kandungan bahan organik dalam sedimen berisar antara 1,63-3,86 %.
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MANGROVE DI DESA MOJO KABUPATEN PEMALANG JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Renta Person Pesona , Pribadi Rudhi , Zainuri Muhammad , Fajar Utami Maya Angaraini
Published: May 2018

Pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove dalam menunjang ekonomi masyarakatpesisir dewasa ini menjadi penting dan menjadi sebuah perhatian khususdikarenakan oleh fungsi dan peran hutan mangrove yang beraneka ragam.Ekosistem Mangrove di Desa Mojo mengalami perubahan luasan dikarenakankegiatan rehabilitasi, faktor alam dan faktor manusia seperti pemukiman, tambak,dan penggunaan lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenismangrove dan struktur vegetasi di ekosistem mangrove Desa Mojo, KabupatenPemalang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode purposif(Purposive Sampling Method) dengan metode sample plot untuk pengamatanstruktur dan komposisi vegetasi mangrove. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaditemukan 3 spesies mangrove yaitu jenis Avicenia marina, Avicenia alba,Rhizopora mucronata. Kondisi vegetasi mangrove di Desa Mojo pada tingkatpohon didominasi oleh Avicenia marina dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP)sebesar 153.24, vegetasi mangrove pada tingkat anakan didominasi olehRhizophora mucronata dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) sebesar 171,404sedangkan pada tingkat semai tidak ditemukan mangrove di dalam transek.
STUDI PENGOLAHAN TERIPANG KERING
Authors: Herliany Nurlaila Ervina , Nofridiansyah Eko , Sasongko Bayu
Published: May 2018

Teripang merupakan komoditas perikanan bernilai ekonomis tinggi dan telah digunakan sejak lama sebagai obat-obatan alami. Di pasar dunia, umumnya teripang dipasarkan dalam bentuk kering. Indonesia merupakan negara pengekspor teripang terbesar di dunia. Tetapi, nilai jualnya lebih rendah dibanding negara lain karena mutu yang rendah sebagai hasil proses pengolahan yang kurang baik. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan studi mengenai proses pengolahan teripang kering. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari proses pengolahan teripang kering serta menentukan mutu teripang kering yang dihasilkan. Teripang segar yang digunakan adalah jenis teripang pasir (Holothuria scabra). Proses pengolahan mengacu pada metode Sasongko (2015) yang dimodifikasi. Teripang kering yang dihasilkan dianalisis proksimat (kadar air, abu dan protein) dan hasilnya dibandingkan dengan SNI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teripang kering memiliki kualitas yang bagus, dilihat dari kenampakan visual dan kandungan proksimatnya. Kadar air teripang kering 7,3%; kadar abu 9,8% dan kadar protein 79,59% dengan tekstur yang keras seperti batu dan warna hitam merata.
PRODUKSI SUARA DAN TINGKAH LAKU LUMBA-LUMBA JANTAN HIDUNG BOTOL (Tursiops aduncus ) DENGAN METODE BIOAKUSTIK DI TAMAN SAFARI, CISARUA BOGOR, INDONESIA
Authors: Lubis Muhammad Zainuddin , Pujiyanti Sri , Hestrianoto Totok , Wulandari Pratiwi Dwi , Sultan Keni
Published: May 2018

Produksi suara merupakan bagian dari metode bioakustik, yaitu menggabungkan biologi dan akustik yang biasanya merujuk pada penelitian mengenai produksi suara,dispersi melalui media elastis, dan penerimaan pada hewan, termasuk manusia. Penelitianini mengamati tingkah laku lumba-lumba jantan dengan melakukan pendekatan ilmubioakustik yang melihat karakteristik dari lumba-lumba tersebut. Lumba-lumba jantan(Tursiops aduncus) yang dipelihara di Taman Safari Indonesia, Cisarua Bogor memiliki nilaiintensitas terendah sebesar 28,03 dB dan tertinggi adalah sebesar 32,01 dB. Dengan ratarataparameter yang terukur yaitu salinitas sebesar 30 ‰ dan suhu 23 °C dengankedalaman kolam 4,5 meter. Range frekuensi suara klik dengan nilai intensitas tertinggiyaitu sebesar 32 dB dengan suara klik sesudah makan pada hari ke 2 yang terdapat padarange frekuensi yaitu 14 - 16 kHz. Range frekuensi suara klik lumba-lumba jantan hidungbotol (Tursiops aduncus) di Taman Safari, Cisarua Bogor, Indonesia yaitu pada frekuensi14,2- 15 kHz.
ASOSIASI KELIMPAHAN KEPITING BAKAU DENGAN KEBERADAAN JENIS VEGETASI MANGROVE KELURAHAN SUMBER JAYA KECAMATAN KAMPUNG MELAYU KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Syahrera Bayu , Purnama Dewi , Zamdial Zamdial
Published: May 2018

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Sumber Jaya, Kecamatan Kampung Melayu Kota Bengkulu, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan kepiting bakau, menganalisis hubungan asosiasi kelimpahan kepiting bakau dengan jenis vegetasi mangrove tingkat pohon, menghitung dan menganalisis indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dominasi kepiting bakau, dan parameter fisika kimia perairan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Pengambilan sampel dan pengukuran fisika kimia perairan dilakukan secara in-situ di ekosistem hutan mangrove Kelurahan Sumber Jaya. Hasil pengamatan ditemukan 2 spesies kepiting bakau dengan kelimpahan tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun 1 (satu) sebanyak 157 ind/ha diikuti stasiun 3 (tiga) sebanyak 100 ind/ha dan stasiun 2 (dua) sebanyak 61,67 ind/ha. Kelimpahan tertinggi pada stasiun 1 (satu) dan 3 (tiga) yaitu jenis Scylla paramamosain, sedangkan pada stasiun 2 (dua) adalah jenis Scylla olivacea. Indeks keanekaragaman berkisar antara 0,562-0,976, indeks keseragaman berkisar antara 0,562-0,976, dan indeks dominasi berkisar antara 0,516-0,771, secara keseluruhan dalam keadaan tidak stabil, jumlah spesies tidak merata dan terdapat kecenderungan spesies. Kepiting bakau jenis Scylla paramamosain berasosiasi dengan vegetasi mangrove jenis Sonneratia alba dengan nilai korelasi 0,52, sedangkan jenis Scylla olivacea berasosiasi dengan vegetasi mangrove jenis Rhizophora apiculata dengan nilai korelasi 0,23. Hasil pengukuran Parameter fisika kimia perairan didapatkan suhu rata-rata 27,35 ºC, salinitas rata-rata 25,29 ‰, derajat keasaman (pH) rata-rata 7,26 ‰. Kondisi ini menujukan bahwa perairan hutan mangrove tersebut masih mendukung kepiting bakau dan hutan mangrove itu sendiri.
ANALISIS KESESUAIAN EKOWISATA MANGROVE DESA KAHYAPU PULAU ENGGANO
Authors: Fitriana Desi , Johan Yar , Renta Person Pesona
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the potential of mangrove ecosystems as mangrove ecotourism objects and calculate suitability mangrove ecotourism in the village Kahyapu Enggano . This research was conducted using survey methods, measurements in the field and ecological suitability determination based on the multiplication of weights and scores obtained from any of the parameters consisting of five parameters: the thickness of the mangrove , mangrove density , types of mangrove , tidal and biota object . Mangrove ecosystem in the Village Kahyapu Enggano has the potential to be developed as an ecotourism mangrove . Based on the results, the results of IKW ( Travel Suitability Index ) at the stations I 60 % category S2 (Match ) , Station II 66 % category S2 (Match ) and Station III 71 % category S2 (Match ).
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS KEPITING BIOLA (Uca spp.) DI EKOSISTEM MANGROVE DESA KAHYAPU PULAU ENGGANO
Authors: Natania Trya , Herliany Nurlaila Ervina , Kusuma Aradea Bujana
Published: May 2018

Mangrove merupakan ekosistem kompleks yang hidup di daerah pasang surut. Ekosistem mangrove selain melindungi pantai dari gelombang dan angin juga sebagai habitat berbagai organisme seperti krustasea. Salah satu krustasea yang memiliki peran penting di ekosistem mangrove adalah kepiting biola (Uca spp.) sebagai detritus di ekosistem mangrove. Pulau Enggano merupakan pulau kecil terluar Provinsi Bengkulu, keadaan ekosistem mangrovenya masih tergolong alami. Salah satu desa yang memiliki vegetasi mangrove yang alami adalah Desa Kahyapu. Tetapi penelitian tentang Uca spp. di Pulau Enggano khususnya di Desa Kahyapu belum pernah dilakukan.  Tujuan dari kegiatan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis kepiting biola dan menganalisis struktur komunitas kepiting biola di Desa Kahyapu Pulau Enggano. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan menggunakan teknik observasi langsung pada 3 stasiun, dimana setiap stasiun terdiri dari 11 plot. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 4 jenis kepiting biola (Uca spp.) yaitu  Uca vocans, Uca chlorophthalmus, Uca dussumeiri, dan Uca coarctata. Kelimpahan jenis kepiting biola (Uca spp.) yang paling tinggi pada stasiun I. Kelimpahan total tertinggi terdapat pada stasiun I dan diikuti stasiun III, terendah pada stasiun II. Tingginya kelimpahan pada  stasiun I diduga karena substrat liat yang cocok untuk kehidupan kepiting biola. Secara umum Uca dussumieri paling banyak ditemukan di tiga stasiun karena toleransinya yang tinggi . Indeks keseragaman kepiting biola (Uca spp.) seluruh stasiun tinggi sedangkan indeks keanekaragamannya rendah. Pada stasiun I dan II  mempunyai indeks dominansi rendah, sedangkan pada stasiun III mempunai indeks dominansi sedang.  Secara umum, kualitas perairan (suhu, pH, salinitas, kandungan bahan organik, dan substrat) di lokasi penelitian cocok untuk kehidupan Uca spp.