bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Settlement Growth on Yenagoa’s Urban Environment
Authors: Imaitor-Uku E. E. , Owei O. B. , Hart L. , Ayotamuno A.
Published: February 2021

This research is a study on the assessment of settlement growth and its impact on the urban environment in Yenagoa Metropolis. Landsat imageries of 1988, 1996, 2004, 2012 and 2020 were acquired from the United Sates Geographical Survey. Supervised image classifications using level 1 classification scheme was adopted to extract LandUse/LandCover. The five Epochs of images were used to extract the built-up areas, water bodies and vegetation areas. The area (ha) of land use for each epoch was determined using clipping images. The spatio-temporal changes were determined as a percentage of LULC per epoch and which was done following standard methods. Mapping technique was used to compare satellite imageries. Findings showed that built up areas was 1,279.81 in 1988, 2,497.87 in 1996, 4,554.73 in 2009, 7,804.30 in 2012 and 10,447.50 in 2020. While the percentage change of built-up are in 1988 was 6.12%, 1996 was 11.94%, 2004 was 21.78%, 2012 was 34.31% and 2020 was 30.09%, respectively. It is therefore recommended here that government should empower urban planning and development agencies, legally and financially to carry out their responsibility to implement existing master plan of the city. Engage in citizen education on how to contribute in managing the environment and sustainable land use management framework in the study area for proper management of the urban environment to enhance sustained settlement growth in the city.
Vegetation Dynamics in the Northern Zones of Niger: Case of the Rural Commune of Tanout (Zinder) and Aderbissinat (Agadez)
Authors: Sina Abdoul Kader Soumaila , Ali Nouhou , Garba Amadou , Minoungou Bernard
Published: February 2021

The present study conducted in the northern zone of Niger aims to show the impact of land use dynamics on woody vegetation. The methodological approach consisted in making in addition to the floristic surveys, the analysis of land use maps (LANDSAT images of the years 1975 and 2018). The floristic inventory allowed the identification of twenty-seven (27) woody species of which eleven (11) in Tanout and sixteen (16) in Aderbissinat. The most important families remain the Fabaceae-Mimosoideae which represent 37.5% at Aderbissinat and 45.45% at Tanout. The biological types remain dominated by microphanerophytes which dominate (86.67%), while for the phytogeographic types it is the Sudano-Zambezian and Sudanian species that dominate, with proportions respectively equal to 31.25%. There is a regression of woody vegetation at the level of these communes with a slight loss in Aderbissinat (60588,034 ha) and an accentuated degradation of vegetation in Tanout (781797,738 ha).
Complete Blood Count Profile and Derived Inflammatory Markers in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition Seen in Sokoto, North-Western Nigeria
Authors: Isezuo K. O. , Sani U. M. , Waziri U.M , Garba B. I. , Amodu-Sanni M. , Adamu A. , Jiya F. B. , Yusuf T.
Published: February 2021

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a major cause of mortality among children in Nigeria. Majority of affected children die from sepsis related complications. The complete blood count includes inflammatory markers which have been found to be useful in predicting sepsis and mortality in children, but these findings have not been corroborated in our population. The aim of this study was to compare the haematological profile and inflammatory markers of severely malnourished children to age matched controls admitted for febrile illnesses. It was a cross sectional study carried out in the emergency paediatric unit of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto. Severely malnourished children aged 6 months to 5 years and a comparative cohort who were not severely malnourished were consecutively recruited as they presented for admission. Relevant data were entered into a proforma and blood samples taken for complete blood count amongst others. Total and differential white cell counts, lymphocyte-neutrophil ratio and platelet indices were compared. There were 64 children comprising 32 severely malnourished and 32 well-nourished children. Mean white cell count, absolute lymphocyte and monocytes were significantly higher among the malnourished while mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were significantly lower for the malnourished subjects. There were eight mortalities all among the malnourished children and mean neutrophil count was significantly higher among the mortalities. In conclusion, severely malnourished children had more lymphocytosis, however, mortality was associated with neutrophilia. Platelet indices of inflammation were lower in malnourished than non-malnourished subjects.
TRIPLE BOTTOM LINE TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN, GROSS PROFIT MARGIN SEBAGAI INDIKATOR EKONOMI
Authors: Latifah Sri Wahjuni
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The research was conducted with the aim of testing  Triple Bottom Line performance including economic performance, environmental performance and social performance influenced the company's value. Next to test whether the Gross Profit Margin variable is an indicator of economic performance variables in influencing the value of the company. The research was conducted on the Go Public Company at IDX and its research samples are the basic and chemical industrial sector manufacturing companies that have reported performance in the Sustainbility report of 2018. The triple bottom line performance variables are measured by the GRI G-4 index while the company's value is measurable with the value of Tobin's Q. Data obtained by documentation techniques. Data analysis with a discriptive and quantitative approach. Subsequently tested with PLS analysis for model design purposes. The results showed that triple bottom line performance was influential in the company's value. The next result is that the gross profit margin can be a measure of economic performance in influencing the value of the company
Aplikasi Model Persamaan Struktural pada Program R (Studi Kasus Data Pengukuran Kecerdasan)
Authors: Rinaldi Achi
Published: February 2021

Structural Equation Model (SEM) was known as powerfull and popular multivariate analysis technique. It provides a comprehensive method for the quantification and testing of theories. The ability of this model is to test model with multiple dependent that more powerfull than multiple regression, it’s also can make some simultaneously model in one form. Data was used from Holzinger and Swineford that measured intellegence in several indicator. This model was lack of form and performance that can be showed in value of Chi-square. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Chi-square value for specificly in  block “male” was less than “female”,  so the result gave structural model for block male was better than female.
Obligasi Bencana Alam Dengan Suku Bunga Stokastik Dan Pendekatan Campuran
Authors: Anggraini Dian , Wijaya Yasir
Published: February 2021

This study contains the group claims model as discussed by (Lee, 2007)  for the pricing of natural disaster bonds. This research was conducted with several stages. First make the formula of bond price with stochastic interest rate and disaster event following non homogeneous poisson process. It further estimates the parameters of disaster loss data from the Insurance Information Institute (III) from 1989 to 2012 and interest rates from the Federal Reserve Bank. Because the determination of aggregate distribution is difficult to be exact, numerical calculation is done by mixed approach method (Gamma and Inverse Gaussian) to determine the solution of natural disaster bond price. Finally, shows how the impact of financial risk and disaster risk on the price of natural disaster bonds.
Mengembangkan Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis Melalui Metode Pembelajaran Improve
Authors: Mujib Mujib
Published: February 2021

The focus of this research is to look at the development of students' critical mathematical thinking skills of IMPROVE learning methods. This research is quasi-experimental research with a population of a student of class VII SMP PGRI Kec. Sukarame Kota Bandar Lampung for the academic year 2015/2016, while the sample in this research is the students of class VII, which come from two classes in each class chosen at random. The instruments used in this study. Data analysis using a different test. Two-way ANOVA test and test. Based on the results of data analysis resulted in mathematical learning group of students who gain learning better than students who obtain conventional learning. Students who have received IMPROVE learning, upper category students have improved mathematical critical thinking skills than middle and lower category students, while improving students' mathematical thinking skills under category is better than middle category students. There is an interaction between the learning factors with the category of students' ability there is an increase in critical thinking skills mathematically.
Eksperimentasi Model Pembelajaran Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFE) terhadap Hasil Belajar ditinjau dari Kecerdasan Linguistik
Authors: Widyawati Santi
Published: February 2021

This study aims to determine: (1) Which gives higher learning outcomes between the Student Facilitator and Explaining (SFE) learning model with the conventional learning model on the subject matter of exponent of class X Semester odds SMA N 1 Seputih Surabaya academic year 2016/2017, (2) Which gives higher learning outcomes between students with high, medium, or low linguistic intelligence on the subject matter of exponents of class X Odd Semester SMA N 1 Seputih Surabaya academic year 2016/2017 (3) Is there an interaction between the Student Facilitator learning model And Explaining (SFE) and linguistic intelligence on students' mathematics learning outcomes of the subject matter of exponents of class X Semester odd in SMA N 1 Seputih Surabaya in academic year 2016/2017. This research is a comparative causal research with factorial design 3 3. The population of this research is all students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Seputih Surabaya, Central Lampung. Sampling was done by cluster random sampling. The sample of this research are students of class X.1 and X.2. The conclusion of this research is: (1) There is no difference of learning result of student mathematics between the SFE model with a conventional model in grade X student SMA N 1 Seputih Surabaya. (2) There is no difference of learning result of student mathematics observed from the linguistic intelligence of class X student SMA N 1 Seputih Surabaya. (3) There is no interaction between SFE learning model and linguistic intelligence of grade X students SMA N 1 Seputih Surabaya.
KESESUAIAN ANTARA RENCANA PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN PELAKSANAAN PEMBELAJARAN PADA GURU MATEMATIKA KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Nur Fitriani , Fitria Fitria , Latuconsina Nur Khalisah , Mattoliang Lisnasari Andi , Majid Ahmad Farham
Published: February 2021

The study aims to find out the suitability of the mathematics teachers’ lesson plan with the 2013 curriculum, the mathematics teachers’ learning implementation with the 2013 curriculum, and the lesson plan with the mathematics teacher’s learning activities with the 2013 curriculum. The study used descriptive research with qualitative approach. The research subjects were 3 mathematics teachers of class X in the State Senior High School (SMAN) 11 Makassar. The documentation, observation sheet, and interview guidelines were the instruments used in this study. The analysis results of the lesson plan with the learning activities based on the 2013 curriculum in accordance with the cultural and education ministry regulation number 22 of the year 2016 about the Elementary and Secondary Education Standard Processes showed that the suitability of those three mathematics teachers’ lesson plans with the learning implementation of the 2013 curriculum was categorized as very high with the percentage of 94.44%, the suitability of the learning implementation in SMAN 11 Makassar at class X with the learning implementation of the 2013 curriculum was categorized as high with the percentage of 81.68%, and the suitability of the lesson plan with the learning implementation based on the 2013 curriculum in SMAN 11 Makassar at class X was categorized as low with the percentage of 62.17%. The study finding also indicated that there was unsuitability between the lesson plan and the mathematics teachers’ learning implementation of the 2013 curriculum at class X of SMAN 11 Makassar.
Contemplating a Cyber Weapons Convention: An Exploration of Good Practice and Necessary Preconditions
Authors: Kalpokienė Julija , Kalpokas Ignas
Published: February 2021

Despite being a crucially important domain for states, businesses, and individuals, cyberspace still suffers from a regulation deficit. This article takes up one such dangerously underregulated area: cyber warfare and regulation of cyber weapons. For that purpose, the authors first analyse the threats posed by weaponised malicious code, including some examples of its use and potential considerations that could sway states towards engaging in a multilateral cyber weapons regulation regime. These considerations are then converted into some major principles and points to be regarded should a potential cyber weapons convention be contemplated. These are subsequently further elaborated in light of the Chemical Weapons Convention, particularly with regard to specific provisions and possibility of adoption. The article concludes with the assertion that an international agreement is feasible in principle, but its focus should be on regulating the ways of employing cyber weapons rather than on the specific weapons themselves.
Balancing Personal Data Protection with Other Human Rights and Public Interest: Between Theory and Practice
Authors: Justickis Viktoras
Published: February 2021

The role of balancing in the development and application of European data protection is enormous. European courts widely use it; it is the basis for harmonization of pan-European and national laws, plays a crucial role in everyday data protection. Therefore, the correctness of a huge number of critical decisions in the EU depends on the perfection of the balancing method. However, the real ability of the balancing method to cope with this mission has been subjected to intense criticism in the scientific literature. This criticism has highlighted its imperfections and casts doubt on its suitability to optimize the relation between competing rights. Paradoxically, the everyday practice of balancing tends to ignore this criticism. The limitations of the balancing method are typically not discussed and are not taken into account when considering legal cases and solving practical issues. Thus, it is tacitly assumed that the shortcomings and limitations of the balancing method, which the criticism points out, are irrelevant when making real-life decisions. This article discusses the scope of this phenomenon, its manifestations, and its impact on the quality of data protection decisions based on the balancing method:sub-optimality of these decisions, their opacity, public dissatisfaction with the legal regulation, its instability and low authority The ways of bridging the gap between the practice of balancing and science and broader consideration by the practice of the shortcomings of the balancing method identified during scientific discussions are considered.
The Future of Legal Education: Do Law Schools Have the Right to Be Conservative?
Authors: Pasvenskienė Aušrinė , Astromskis Paulius
Published: February 2021

This article explores how emerging technologies should shape legal studies, recognizing that the new technological era requires a new generation of tech-savvy lawyers who possess specific technology-related skills and knowledge. The article builds on analysis of the future of work through the lens of the International Labor Organization Centenary Declaration, followed by an analysis of the right to education, leading to the formation of a theoretical justification of the legal duty to adapt the legal education curriculum to a technology-driven future. This article exposes the existing state of the legal education curriculum with a systematic analysis of the existing Law & Tech master’s programs at leading universities worldwide. This research demonstrates that relatively few (9.8%) leading world universities offer specialized Law & Tech master’s programs. This clear underdevelopment of the Law & Tech curriculum suggests that deeply embedded conservatism in legal education might be violating the rights of future lawyers – the right to work and the right to education, in particular.
From Authoritarian to Democracy in Indonesia: A Costly Fiction of Sustainable Human Security?
Authors: Patriadi H.B.
Published: February 2021

Empirically successful stories of both authoritarianism and democracy in materializing economic achievement as well as securing political stability may make some people confused in evaluating the two systems, whether they are suitable for humanism or not. There have been contested views on their virtues related to the preservation of human security as one of the most critical aspects of humanism. This study investigates which one of the two existing political regimes is more suitable for the sustainability of secured human security. Relying on the case of Indonesia, which experienced in adopting the two different political regimes, I argue that in the long run democracy is better and conducive for securing sustainable human security than authoritarianism. This study used a qualitative method enriched by diachronic approach. Keywords: authoritarianism; democracy; human security.
UNA FILOSOFÍA NOMINALISTA
Authors: García de la Sienra Adolfo
Published: February 2021

Frente a los grandes sistemas metafísicos destaca la austeridad y economía del pensamiento occamiano. El presente artículo pretende rescatar lo esencial del nominalismo para presentarlo como una filosofía vigente y concordante con una visión teológica reformada, así como con la lógica y las ciencias actuales.
CHARLES SANDERS PEIRCE: MI MANERA DE HACER FILOSOFÍA
Authors: McNabb Darin
Published: February 2021

En 1903 C. S. Peirce dio una conferencia en Harvard en la que había preparado una breve pero muy detallada descripción de su modo de reflexionar sobre una cuestión filosófica. Se incluye aquí una traducción de esta descripción y a continuación un comentario. La obra de Peirce está repleta de ideas muy valiosas, y aun cuando este pasaje no plantee ninguna teoría o argumento, se considera sumamente valioso por la actitud que manifiesta ante el que hacer no sólo del filósofo sino de cualquier intelectual. En nuestra época de post-todo, el pensamiento se ha vuelto demasiado fácil, literario, irónico —la expresión del gusto de cada quien por el particular “ismo” en el que se ha encerrado. Se espera que estas palabras de Peirce nos inspiren a volver al pensamiento con la seriedad que merece.
HETERONOMÍA DE LA LEY: ELOHIM YYAHVÉ
Authors: Menassé Adriana
Published: February 2021

El tema que nos ocupa tiene que ver al papel que juega o puede jugar la ley en el esfuerzo de humanización abierto por el llamado de la justicia. Proponemos que la ley no es solamente una violencia impuesta por el Estado o por la potestad de algún destino, sino que, entendida como tal esfuerzo, constituye la irrupción en el Ser de un orden de sentido. La justicia inauguraría el diálogo que sostiene nuestro lenguaje y le otorga significado a nuestros actos; la ley se despliega entonces como el marco de un orden racional que hace posible ponderar y discutir los caminos de enaltecimiento moral que esa justicia nos exige. La discusión respecto a qué es en cada caso lo que enaltece nuestra vida individual y colectiva nos sujeta al llamado de la rectitud y nos convierte, al mismo tiempo, en partícipes conscientes y voluntarios en dicha aventura.
¿CÓMO DEBE SER UNA (NUEVA) TEORÍA SOCIAL PARA ENCUADRAR EL DESARROLLO SUSTENTABLE?
Authors: Rodríguez Medina Leandro
Published: February 2021

La teoría social y política ha subestimado, cuando no abiertamente ignorado, dos tipos de relaciones que podríamos denominar no-sociales en su sentido tradicional. La primera de esas relaciones incluye el vínculo entre humanos y no-humanos entendidos estos últimos como objetos y tecnología. La segunda de esas relaciones es la que conecta a humanos con la naturaleza. La ausencia de las primeras impide observar el entramado material que da sostén en el tiempo y en el espacio a las relaciones sociales y políticas. La ausencia de las segundas da lugar a una visión de la sociedad como producto humano exclusivamente y, en más de un sentido, superior a otras manifestaciones naturales. El presente artículo busca comenzar a llenar ambos vacíos a través de la exploración de una nueva teoría social que, influida por los estudios de la ciencia y la tecnología, permita incorporar la ‘naturaleza’ y la ‘tecnología’ de manera más adecuada para que el problema del desarrollo sustentable tenga plena cabida en las ciencias sociales contemporáneas.
EL MITO DEL CAOS PRIMIGENIO Y SU VÍNCULO CON LAS COSMOGONÍAS FILOSÓFICAS DE TALES Y ANAXIMANDRO DE MILETO
Authors: Toledo Toledo Diana
Published: February 2021

En sus orígenes, la filosofía fue un intento racional de entender la naturaleza a partir de un principio en el cual se desprende, unifica y fundamenta al que los presocráticos llamaron arjé. Este texto sostiene que los modelos de cosmogonía filosófica de los milesios fueron una extensión racionalizada de los mitos cosmogónicos de Grecia arcaica, las cuales, a su vez, son reformulaciones de cosmogonías de civilizaciones antiguas como Egipto y Babilonia, que afirmaron que originariamente existió un caos primordial que se identifica con la materia primigenia de los filósofos de Mileto.
SOBRE LA IDEA DE COSMOVISIÓN Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA FILOSOFÍA
Authors: García de la Sienra Adolfo
Published: February 2021

Traducción
LEYES FUNDAMENTALES, A PRIORI RELATIVIZADOS Y GÉNEROS
Authors: Falguera José Luis
Published: February 2021

La que se conoce como "teoría de la estructura léxica o taxonómica" tiene especial relevancia en los últimos artículos de Kuhn y en relación con ella el papel de "los términos/conceptos de género" también es significativo. En este trabajo pretendo establecer que la teoría de adquisición/aprendizaje de estos términos considerada por Kuhn es una suerte de holismo epistémico-semántico en relación a ciertas generalizaciones con rol estipulativo o generalizaciones que expresan proposiciones "a priori relativizadas". Defiendo que los análisis de Moulines sobre la forma lógica relevante de las leyes fundamentales (o principios guía) proporcionan un claro apoyo a la idea de que una ley fundamental es una "proposición a priori relativizada". También se defiende que la concepción estructuralista -según el enfoque de Moulines- proporciona cierto apoyo al carácter constitutivo de los términos de género.
FILOSOFAR ES MEDITAR. LA COMPRENSIÓN MEDITATIVA DE LA FILOSOFÍA EN ORTEGA Y GASSET COMO EMPIRISMO REFLEXIVO, CIRCUNSTANCIALISMO, AMOR Y ENSAYO
Authors: Gutiérrez Pozo Antonio
Published: February 2021

En esta obra el autor analiza el concepto de meditación filosófica en el pensamiento de Ortega y Gasset. La tesis fundamental de este artículo es que la meditación es el modo de pensar de la razón vital. Para Ortega la filosofía es conocimiento de la esencia y por esta razón la meditación es comprensión. Las características principales de este pensamiento meditativo de Ortega son: empirismo, contemplación o reflexión, circunstancialismo, erotismo y ensayismo.
Commentary on Heracleopolis Magna from the theological perspective (I): The image of the local lakes in the vignette of chapter 17 of the Book of the Dead
Authors:   Universidad de La Laguna(España), Díaz-Iglesias LLanos Lucía Elena
Published: February 2021

The process of endowing a symbolic meaning to the most prominent marks in the landscape can be illustrated by a distinctive feature of Heracleopolis Magna: the sacred lake of the temple of Heryshef. Its dominant position in the city, its relationship with the local temple and its importance in the royal sphere led to its projection from this world to the Beyond. The analysis of funerary texts and vignettes from the First Intermediate Period onwards show that the lakes were considered as a significant place for the purification and rebirth of the deceased.
Educação em saúde com idosos ativos: relato de ações de extensão
Authors: Cogo Silvana Bastos , Da Silva Laís Mara Caetano , Donel Carine Rieger , Puhl Gabriel da Silva , Balconi Isadora , Da Costa Kamila Caneda , De Martins Lívia Martins , Jerke Luiza Camila , Boff Nathalia Kaspary , Maciel Victória de Quadros Severo
Published: February 2021

Objetivo: Identificar as temáticas em saúde trabalhada com idosos ativos em um projeto de extensão, por meio de ações de educação em saúde. Relato de experiência: Estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, que apresenta as vivências de acadêmicos de Enfermagem, com idosos ativos, a partir de uma perspectiva histórica das temáticas abordadas e das atividades realizadas em quatro anos de participação em um projeto local denominado “Acampavida”. Dentre as dinâmicas propostas para realizar a educação em saúde desse público, destaca-se o “jogo da memória”, “Porta da longevidade”, “espaço de cuidado”, “bingo”, jogos de mito e verdade e outros. Entre o período de 2016 a 2019, foram abordadas diversas temáticas, as quais possibilitaram ao grupo o aprimoramento na construção e concretização de oficinas, oportunizando acesso à informação, empoderamento e interação entre idosos, bem como a troca de experiência entre estes e os acadêmicos, possibilitando maior conhecimento sobre a realidade e perspectivas dessa faixa etária. Considerações finais: Com o crescente envelhecimento populacional, mostra-se relevante a participação da Enfermagem nas práticas de educação em saúde, a fim de promover o autocuidado da pessoa idosa em consonância com suas necessidades.
COVID-19 Salgın Sürecine İlişkin Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi (ÇOMÜTF) Deneyimi
Authors: DEMİR Tamer , AYTUĞ KOŞAN Ayşen Melek , TORAMAN Çetin
Published: February 2021

Aralık 2019’dan itibaren tüm dünya COVID-19 küresel salgını ile aktif biçimde mücadele etmek zorunda kalmıştır. Birçok ülkeyi etkileyen hastalık Türkiye’de de 16 Mart 2020 itibari ile örgün eğitime ara verilmesine, insanlar arasında fiziksel izolasyonu, olağan üstü bazı önlemlerin alınmasını gerekli kılmıştır. Bu olağan üstü önlemler hayatın birçok alanını etkilemiştir. Bunlardan biri de eğitim öğretim faaliyetleridir.
Bu olgu sunumu Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesinin (ÇOMÜTF) eğitim yönetimi kadrosuyla bu olağan üstü koşullara uygum sağlama, üstesinden gelme, olanakları en verimli şekilde kullanma ve 2020-2021 Eğitim Yılı ve sonrası için almaya çalıştığı önlemleri ve çabasını yansıtmayı amaçlamıştır.
A method of mapping and nearest neighbor optimization for 2-D quantum circuits
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Guan Zhijin , Ji Longyong , Luan Qin Fang , Wang Yizhen
Published: February 2021

In some practical quantum physical architectures, the qubits need to be distributed on 2-dimensional (2-D) grid structure to implement quantum computation. In order to map an 1-dimensional (1-D) quantum circuit into a 2-D grid structure and satisfy the nearest neighbor constraint of qubit interaction in the grid structure, a mapping method from 1-D quantum circuit to 2-D grid structure is proposed in this paper. This method firstly determines the order of placing qubits, and then presents the layout strategy of qubits in 2-D grid. We also proposed an algorithm for establishing interaction paths between non-adjacent qubits in 2-D grid structure, which can satisfy the physical constraints of the interaction of quantum bits in the grid in the process of mapping an 1-D quantum circuit to a 2-D grid structure. For some benchmark circuits, after using the method of this paper to place qubits, it is possible to make every 2-qubit gate in the circuit have a nearest neighbor, so that there is no need to use SWAP gate to establish channel routing. Compared with the latest available methods, the average optimization rate is 82.38%.
Full Optical Rotation Tensor at CCSD Level in the Modified Velocity Gauge
Authors: Zhang Kaihua , Balduf Ty , Caricato Marco
Published: February 2021

This work presents the first simulations of the full optical rotation (OR) tensor at coupled cluster with single and double excitations (CCSD) level in the modified velocity gauge (MVG) formalism. The CCSD-MVG OR tensor is origin independent, and each tensor element can in principle be related directly to experimental measurements on oriented systems. We compare the CCSD results with those from two density functionals, B3LYP and CAM-B3LYP, on a test set of 22 chiral molecules. The results show that the functionals consistently overestimate the CCSD results for the individual tensor components and for the trace (which is related to the isotropic OR), by 10-20% with CAM-B3LYP and 20-30% with B3LYP. The data show that the contribution of the electric dipole-magnetic dipole polarizability tensor to the OR tensor is on average twice as large as that of the electric dipole-electric quadrupole polarizability tensor. The difficult case of (1S,4S)-(–)-norbornenone also reveals that the evaluation of the former polarizability tensor is more sensitive than the latter. We attribute the better agreement of CAM-B3LYP with CCSD to the ability of this functional to better reproduce electron delocalization compared with B3LYP, consistently with previous reports on isotropic OR. The CCSD-MVG approach allows the computation of reference data of the full OR tensor, which may be used to test more computationally efficient approximate methods that can be employed to study realistic models of optically active materials.
Articulatory Evaluation Of Lingua Palatal Sounds In Denture Wearers – Pre And Post Comparison
Authors: Meenakshi S  , Indu Thammaiah  , Anil Kumar G  , Sahana K
Published: February 2021

Speech is an autonomous and unconscious activity. Its production involves a combination of phonation and articulation. Thus the aim of the study is to evaluate and compare linguo palatal sounds /ţ/, /d/, /tᶴ^/and /ᶴ^/ in three different groups like Group A individual with conventional complete dentures without palatine rugae, group B individual with conventional complete dentures with palatine rugae and Group C normal dentition individuals. A total of 20 individuals completely edentulous were selected in the age range of 50 to 65 years for the study. Control group consisted of10 individuals, with complete natural dentition in the same age group.4 Linguo-palatal phonemes in Kannada like /ţ/, /d/, /tᶴ^/and /ᶴ^/ were considered for the study and the target phonemes were identified in the initial and medial position of words of Kannada Articulation Test. The speech samples with target phonemes were analysed perceptually and acoustically by SLP software. Spectral parameters and temporal parameters were better in with palatal rugae denture than compared to without palatal rugae. Perceptual analysis reports showed many substitution errors with a conventional denture. To summarize, with customized rugae denture speech was clearer. To conclude, speech characteristic will be better after denture insertion compared to the edentulous stage.
“I Cannot Hide My Anger to Spare You Guilt”: On BLMTO and Canadian Mainstream Media’s Response
Authors: Capurri Valentina
Published: February 2021

In this paper, I examine Canadian mainstream media’s response to Black Lives Matter Toronto, focusing in particular on two events that occurred in the city in the Summer of 2016 and Winter of 2017. By relying on Critical Race Theory, I argue that a White-dominated press has been unwilling to engage with the message presented by Black activists under the excuse that the tone of the message is overly harsh and threatening to White audiences. After analysing the historical roots of such a claim, I conclude that, in the current climate, there is no space for any dialogue in what remains an oppressor-oppressed relationship across the country, including in Toronto, Canada’s most multicultural city.
STATISTIC ANALYSIS OF LABOR MARKET IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Shumilina Vera , Drobotenko Valeria
Published: February 2021

The chapter discusses such concepts as the labor market and the economically active population. The situation on the labor market in 2018-2020 is described, the number of vacancies and resumes in various fields and constituent entities of the Russian Federation is analyzed. The dynamics of the number of employment of the population both by regions and by Russia as a whole are presented. The problems arising in the labor market and ways to solve them are considered.
PROCEDURE FOR GRANTING MICRO CREDIT (CREATION) AT PT PEGADAIAN (PERSERO) PELITA MAKASSAR BRANCH
Authors: Tahalua Imran
Published: February 2021

The objectivies of the research were to find out kind evaluate the procedure of providing Micro Credit program (KREASI) at PT Pegadaian (Persero) Branch Pelita Makassar. The research was analysed descriptive qualitatively, the data were collected through observations and interviewing. This research was conducted in April to May 2020. The result of the research showed that the procedure of providing Micro Credit program (KREASI) at PT Pegadaian (Persero) Branch Pelita Makassar has been conducted well, starting with the introduction and approach of potential borrowers, the application stage for micro credit, identifying data. After identifying the data by the credit department, it can be deemed done or denied. The borrower then interviewing and the credit department reviewed the debtor directly. Afterwords, the credit department of analysis then analyzing the borrower’s credit to be given. If it is approved, the loan agreement (SPK) will be issued by the credit department and then make a credit agreement. If it is not approved, the credit department will issue a denial letter and return it to a customer.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS USING BALANCE SCORECARD IN PT TELKOMSEL
Authors: Sahrul Andi Muhammad , Kamase Jeni , Tenriwaru Tenriwaru
Published: February 2021

This study aims to measure the performance of PT Telkomsel using the balance scorecard approach from a financial and non-financial perspective; customer perspective, internal business process perspective and, growth and learning perspective. This research is a descriptive study using a mixed method approach, namely a combination of qualitative and quantitative research combined with an explonatory design research model, the data sources of this study are primary data in the form of interviews with informants and questionnaires, and secondary data from literature, financial reports, as well as supporting data related to this research. The results showed a decrease in several financial posts due to changes in government regulations and price competition among telecommunications service providers. From the customer perspective, price product has become a complaint of several customers. From the perspective of internal business processes, it shows the fluctuating value of ARPU and operational costs due to these changes. Continuous training has become a complaint of some employees from a growth and learning perspective, but in general PT Telkomsel's performance with the balance scorecard as a performance measurement tool is already very good.
Avaliação físico-química e sensorial de uma bebida à base de suco de laranja adicionada de soro de leite
Authors: Hornes Marcio Oliveira , Cargnin Karen de Fátima Rodrigues
Published: February 2021

Em 2017, foram produzidos no Brasil 511 milhões de litros de sucos concentrados, 1 bilhãode litros de sucos tropicais e néctares e 373 milhões de litros de refrescos, o que comprovao interesse do consumidor por bebidas naturais e de maior apelo nutricional. A utilização dosoro de leite nesses produtos qualifica-os e, constitui-se em uma maneira de reduzir o impactoambiental causado pelo lançamento desse tipo de resíduo ao meio ambiente. Em face disso,buscou-se elaborar bebidas de frutas adicionadas de soro de leite bovino e avaliar físico-químicae sensorialmente esses produtos. As bebidas foram elaboradas utilizando três concentraçõesde soro de leite (40, 50 e 60%), conforme definido em testes preliminares. Os parâmetrosconsiderados como respostas foram pH, acidez total, acidez volátil, óleos e graxas, umidade,cinzas, proteína, açúcares redutores e açúcares redutores totais, sólidos solúveis e turbidez. Aanálise sensorial foi realizada mediante o teste de ordenação. A análise dos resultados mostrouque as concentrações dos parâmetros físico-químicos não variaram de forma significativa emrelação aos diferentes percentuais de soro de leite. No que se refere à análise sensorial, a bebidacontendo 60% de soro de leite se diferiu significativamente em relação às demais amostraspara os atributos sabor e cor. Para o atributo odor, as amostras não apresentaram diferençassignificativas entre si. Conclui-se que a adição de soro de leite bovino é uma alternativa viávelna elaboração de bebida com suco de laranja, sendo possível a utilização de até 50% de sorode leite bovino na formulação.
An Evolutionary Deep Learning Approach Using Genetic Programming with Convolution Operators for Image Classification
Authors: Bi Ying , Xue Bing , Zhang Mengjie
Published: February 2021

© 2019 IEEE. Evolutionary deep learning (EDL) as a hot topic in recent years aims at using evolutionary computation (EC) techniques to address existing issues in deep learning. Most existing work focuses on employing EC methods for evolving hyper-parameters, deep structures or weights for neural networks (NNs). Genetic programming (GP) as an EC method is able to achieve deep learning due to the characteristics of its representation. However, many current GP-based EDL methods are limited to binary image classification. This paper proposed a new GP-based EDL method with convolution operators (COGP) for feature learning on binary and multi-class image classification. A novel flexible program structure is developed to allow COGP to evolve solutions with deep or shallow structures. Associated with the program structure, a new function set and a new terminal set are developed in COGP. The experimental results on six different image classification data sets of varying difficulty demonstrated that COGP achieved significantly better performance in most comparisons with 11 effectively competitive methods. The visualisation of the best program further revealed the high interpretability of the solutions found by COGP.
Genetic Programming for Automatic Global and Local Feature Extraction to Image Classification
Authors: Bi Ying , Zhang Mengjie , Xue Bing
Published: February 2021

© 2018 IEEE. Feature extraction is an essential process to image classification. Existing feature extraction methods can extract important and discriminative image features but often require domain expert and human intervention. Genetic Programming (GP) can automatically extract features which are more adaptive to different image classification tasks. However, the majority GP-based methods only extract relatively simple features of one type i.e. local or global, which are not effective and efficient for complex image classification. In this paper, a new GP method (GP-GLF) is proposed to achieve automatically and simultaneously global and local feature extraction to image classification. To extract discriminative image features, several effective and well-known feature extraction methods, such as HOG, SIFT and LBP, are employed as GP functions in global and local scenarios. A novel program structure is developed to allow GP-GLF to evolve descriptors that can synthesise feature vectors from the input image and the automatically detected regions using these functions. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on four different image classification data sets of varying difficulty and compared with seven GP based methods and a set of non-GP methods. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves significantly better or similar performance than almost all the peer methods. Further analysis on the evolved programs shows the good interpretability of the GP-GLF method.
Long-term memory for a learned behaviour in a wild bird
Authors: Shaw Rachael , Harvey A
Published: February 2021

© 2020 The Authors. Long-term memory is a crucial adaptation for long-lived species. However, there have been few tests of the long-term retention of learned behaviours in free living, wild animals. Here, we demonstrate that the North Island robin (Petroica longipes; hereafter toutouwai) can recall a learned foraging behaviour for close to 2 years, with no intervening reinforcement. Birds that had been trained to peck open lids to retrieve a concealed food reward spontaneously solved a lid opening task between 10 and 22 months since they had last encountered the lid opening apparatus. By contrast, naive individuals could not solve the task. This long-term retention of a learned skill with no reinforcement, spanning over a quarter of the median age for wild toutouwai in our population, suggests that this threatened species may be an ideal candidate for conservation management strategies aimed at teaching individuals about novel threats and resources.
PERBANDINGAN MODEL JARINGAN SYARAF TIRUAN DENGAN ALGORITMA LEVENBERG-MARQUADT DAN POWELL-BEALE CONJUGATE GRADIENTPADA KECEPATAN ANGIN RATA-RATA DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Ispriyanti Dwi , Prahutama Alan , Tarno Tarno , Warsito Budi , Yasin Hasbi , Anggara Pandu
Published: February 2021

Wind is one of the most important weather components. Wind is defined as the dynamics of horizontal air mass displacement measured in two parameters, namely speed and direction. Wind speed and direction depend on the air pressure conditions around the place. High wind speed intensity can cause high sea water waves. To estimate wind speed intensity required a study of wind speed prediction. One of method that can be used is Artificial Neural Network (ANN). In ANN there are several models, one of which is backpropagation. Thepurpose of this researchis to compare between backpropagation model with Levenberg-Marquadt and Powell-Beale Conjugate Gradient algorithms. The results of this researchshowing that Powell-Beale Conjugate Gradient better than Levenberg-Marquadtalgorithms. The best model architecture obtained is a network with two input layer neurons, six hidden layer neurons, and one output layer neuron. The activation function used are the logistic sigmoid in the hidden layer and linear in the output layer. MAPE value based on the chosen model is 0,0136% in training process and 0,0088% in testing process.
Respiratory syncytial virus in young children: community cohort study integrating serological surveys, questionnaire and electronic health records, Born in Bradford cohort, England, 2008 to 2013
Authors: Zylbersztejn Ania , Pembrey Lucy , Goldstein Harvey , Berbers Guy , Schepp Rutger , van der Klis Fiona , Sande Charles , Mason Dan , Wright John , Smyth Rosalind , Hardelid Pia
Published: February 2021

Background

Bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in infants.

Aim

To describe RSV epidemiology in children in the community in a high-income setting.

Methods

We used stored blood samples from the United Kingdom Born in Bradford cohort study that had been collected at birth, age 1 and 2 years old, tested for IgG RSV postfusion F antibody and linked to questionnaires and primary and hospital care records. We used finite mixture models to classify children as RSV infected/not infected according to their antibody concentrations at age 1 and 2 years. We assessed risk factors for primary RSV infection at each age using Poisson regression models.

Results

The study cohort included 700 children with cord blood samples; 490 had additional blood samples taken at both ages 1 and 2 years old. Of these 490 children, 258 (53%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 48–57%) were first infected with RSV at age 1, 99 of whom (38%; 95% CI: 33–43%) had been in contact with healthcare during peak RSV season (November–January). Having older siblings, birth in October–June and attending formal childcare were associated with risk of RSV infection in infancy. By age 2, a further 164 of 490 children (33%; 95% CI: 29–38%) had been infected.

Conclusion

Over half of children experienced RSV infection in infancy, a further one third had evidence of primary RSV infection by age 2, and one in seven remained seronegative by their second birthday. These findings will inform future analyses to assess the cost-effectiveness of RSV vaccination programmes in high-income settings.
SCIENTIFIC LIFE AMONG THE ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC SEA ICE: TO THE 80TH ANNIVERSARY OF I.A. MELNIKOV
Authors: Gebruk A. V. , Pisarev S. V. , Shishkina N. A.
Published: February 2021

The article is dedicated to the anniversary of Igor Alekseevich Melnikov, chief researcher at the Institute of Oceanology, Doctor of Biological Sciences. Out of 50 years of work at the Institute of IO RAS, four decades of his scientific activity are devoted to research in the Arctic and Antarctic. Starting from the International Polar Year in 2007 to the present, I.A. Melnikov conducts bipolar monitoring of marine water-ice ecosystems that are affected by climate change. His scientific views were widely reflected in both the specialized and periodicals, as well as in radio and television appearances. I.A. Melnikov was awarded the title “Honorable Polar Explorer”, awarded the Order of the “Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameny”, and for scientific research using scuba gear under the ice of the Arctic and Antarctic, he was awarded the UNESCO International Grand Prix.
THE INTERWEAVING OF DESTINIES AND PLACES - THE LIFE OF A SCIENTIST THROUGH THE HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF "BORK"
Authors: Gorodnitskiy A. M. , Sviridov S. A. , Pal’shin N. A. , Shishkina N. A.
Published: February 2021

The fate of many of our wonderful scientists and researchers is wonderfully intertwined with historical events and outstanding people who took an active part in the formation of our science and research centers. These spatio-temporal relationships influenced the fate of the participants in these events, as happened with Konstantin Vladimirovich Popov, senior researcher, candidate of geological and mineralogical sciences, Laboratory of Geophysical Fields, Institute of Oceanology. He began his journey from a young age back in 1951 at the Borok Biological Station. And he left us in July this year at a workplace at the Borok Geophysical Observatory, completing his research there and completing a number of his works for the 47th issue of the journal, including those dedicated to the famous explorer of the North I.D. Papanin, whose life, in turn, is connected both with this place and with K.V. Popov.
PEMETAAN DAN ANALISIS GEOMETRI SESAR MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK DI SELENGEN LOMBOK UTARA
Authors: Saputra Putrawan - , Yasin Syamsuddin - , Hiden Hiden -
Published: February 2021

Aktivitas sesar merupakan faktor utama terjadinya gempa bumi seperti yang terjadi di Pulau Lombok. Sesar diduga banyak terdapat di Wilayah Lombok, baik sesar skala mayor maupun sesar minor. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pemetaan keberadaan sesar dan analisis geometrinya, sehingga resiko bahaya dapat dimitigasi sebelum gempa khususnya di Kayangan Lombok Utara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan sesar dan menganalisis geometrinya di Desa Selengen Kayangan Lombok Utara. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Geolistrik 2D. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sesar yang terdapat di Desa Selengan adalah sesar mikro membentuk garis melalui rekahan yang tersingkap memanjang ke arah Timur Laut. Geometri rata-rata sesar: lebar 15,8 m, kedalaman 16,8 m dan Strike  Dip  Timur Laut (N37E/77). Penelitian selanjutnya akan dikaji tingkat kerawanan dan potensi likuifaksi dengan wilayah yang lebih luas menggunakan metode lain.