bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Effect of Ways of Gear Relief on Contact Force of Teeth Face
Authors: Ma Yong , Huang Qi , Ji Tian , Lou Zhi Feng
Published: December 2011

An accurate finite element contact analysis of helical gears was done directly under ANSYS, while the integrated elastic deformation of the meshed teeth was extracted directly from the finite element contact analysis results, and considered as the main basis of the amount of tooth profile modification. Linear, conic, cubic, and sine relief curve are compiled and established in MATLAB, on which gear models of two ways of modified gear are built. Under the same modified parameters, contact method is used on the proposed finite element models of gears by software LS-DYNA, and the effect of the two ways of gear relief on contact force on teeth face is analyzed. The results show that the effect of a pair of gears relief is better than one gear relief for linear and conic relief curve, and the effect of one gear relief is better than a pair of gears relief for cubic and sine relief curve. So dynamic simulation on modified involute gears has great significance for reducing contact force of teeth face of gears.
Enhanced the Property of PP/EPDM with CaCO3
Authors: Zeng Guang Sheng , Meng Cong , Chen Lei , Lin Rui Zhen
Published: December 2011

Polypropylene（PP）as the interchangeable plastic has some unique advantages and drawbacks. PP toughening by rubbery particles especially EPDM has been researched a lot. As the research progresses, more and more researchers recognize that the single rubbery particles could not solve the problem in PP. It becomes a trend and necessity that PP was toughening modified by using rigid particles. But the rigid particles could not combine with matrix resin. Before the application, it should modify rigid particles first. This article takes CaCO3as example modified by titanate coupling agent. Then, the modified CaCO3was identified by FT-IR and detected the activation degree. After that, using the modified CaCO3and unmodified CaCO3blending with PP/EPDM respectively and then compare the mechanical properties.
The Geometrical Characteristic Description Method of Part Drawing
Authors: Li Mei , Dong Yan
Published: December 2011

Aim at the demand of feature modeling and recognition of engineering drawing, this paper put forward a mechanical file as real time defining and editing tool of feature, converting the restriction of parametric drawing to the same point relation, structure restriction and dimension restriction, marking the drawing structure of the file using of the extending data entity. So that the file can support the feature modeling and recognition, realize the structure management of engineering drawing.
The Nanocrystallinity Enhancement of Sol-Gel Derived TiO2 Nanoparticles by Pre-Hydrothermal Treatment
Authors: Yuwono Akhmad Herman , Zhang Yu , Wang John
Published: December 2011

Nanocomposite thin film containing TiO2nanoparticles in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a new class of potential materials for optoelectronic applications. Among the various processing techniques for these nanocomposites, in situ sol−gel process is well known to be versatile as it enables control of the inorganic-organic interaction at various molecular, nanometer and micrometer scales. However, the resulting TiO2phase is largely amorphous, as a consequence of the relatively low processing temperatures. Therefore, the current research is aimed at enhancing the nanocrystallinity of TiO2nanoparticles in nanocomposites. For this purpose, pre-hydrothermal treatment was carried on the inorganic sols. The nanocrystallinity degree of the resulting TiO2nanoparticles was studied by XRD and FTIR. The studies showed that the nanocrystallinity of TiO2nanoparticles synthesized from the inorganic sol can be enhanced significantly by the pre-hydrothermal treatment, as a result of the completion of hydrolysis stage during sol-gel process.
Optimization Design on Dynamic Reliability of a Tension Bar
Authors: Wang Xin Gang , Wang Bao Yan , Tan Xiu Feng
Published: December 2011

This template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text. The variation rules of strength, load, and reliability of mechanical components are studied with a change in time, and a model is established for dynamic reliability of mechanical components under the random load acting. By combining the theory of reliability design with the method of sensitivity analysis, the computational method of dynamic reliability sensitivity design with arbitrary distribution parameter is proposed based on the methods Edgeworth and perturbation, and the problem of dynamic reliability sensitivity design of mechanical components distributed arbitrary distribution is solved as well as the variation rules of dynamic reliability sensitivity are given. The variation of reliability is studied as design parameters change a little, which provides theoretical data for dynamic reliability design of mechanical components.
Research on the Annealing Process of AISI4145H Steel
Authors: Huang Zhen Yi , Wang Yi Qian , Li You He , Wang Ping , Zhang Xiao Feng
Published: December 2011

Abstract. This paper had an improvement research on the annealing process of AISI4145H steel by changing the processing parameters of heat treatment in laboratory. An experimental physical simulation was conducted between 650 °C and 740 °C. The effect upon the hardness of AISI4145H steel under different temperature and holding time investigated. And the condition of Φ 150 mm AISI4145H steel that was heated and warmed up in an annealing furnace was tested by adopting a black box. Results showed that the Ac1 of AISI4145H steel was 757.2 °C and the Ac3 was 787.7 °C. By the annealed conditions that sample was heated at 710 °C for 1h, cooled to 500 °C in furnace and cooled in air in turn, we found its hardness was HRC 21.4 and meet the needs of industrial production. New process of the present work shortened holding time of workpiece, increased cooling rate of annealed, shortened the annealed time about 24 h, effectively increased production efficiency, and reduced production costs.
Mechanical Properties and Fracture Characteristics of Ultra-Microduplex Structure in High Carbon Steel
Authors: Lu Jian Ping
Published: December 2011

The ultra-microduplex structure was fabricated in the high carbon steel with a fully pearlitic structure after severe plastic deformation. The sizes of ferrite grains and cementite particles were about 0.4 μm and 0.1~0.2 μm, respectively. The mechanical properties of the ultra-microduplex structure were investigated using mini-tensile tests and the morphologies of fracture surfaces were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the tensile strength of the ultra-microduplex structure and the lamellar pearlite are almost at the same level, but after warm deformation, the yield strength was obviously increased and correspondingly, the elongation and the reduction of area were 19.2%, 32.1%, respectively, which are markedly higher than those of the lamellar pearlite. The tensile fracture of the ultra-microduplex structure is typical ductile fracture, however the fracture of original lamellar pearlite appears a mixture of cleavage fractures and quasi cleavage fractures.
Research on Contact Fatigue of Cylindrical Gear
Authors: Li Xue Yi , Li San Shuai , Geng Da Qian , Zeng Qing Liang
Published: December 2011

Based on the dynamic balance principle and contact fatigue properties of cylindrical gear pair, the influence factors of dynamics are researched and the meshing location for the maximum contact stress is accurately determined. Loading spectrum of contact stress is obtained by transient dynamic analysis. At the same time, the corresponding S-N curve for contact fatigue is described in a double logarithmic coordinate system. Then the finite element analysis on the contact fatigue life is carried out by ANSYS Workbench and safety factor for both gears are obtained. It has great significance for evaluating the reliability of the cylindrical gear pair.
The Microstructure and Creep Strength of 403Nb Martensitic Heat-Resistant Steel
Authors: Zeng Zhou Yu , Chen Li Qing , Zhu Fu Xian
Published: December 2011

The microstructure and creep strength of 403Nb martensitic heat-resistant steel after tempering at 650°C, 680°C and 730°C were analyzed by SEM and TEM. Microstructural observation shows that 403Nb steel tempered at 650°C provides a finer lath structure and a smaller size of precipitates than that tempered at 680°C or 730°C. The dislocation density is also higher in 403Nb steel tempered at 650°C. The creep rupture strength of 403Nb steel tempered at 650°C is the highest among those tempered. The main creep strengthening mechanisms in 403Nb steel usually include precipitates hardening, dislocation hardening and sub-grain boundary hardening.
A Comprehensive Utilization of Laterite Nickel Ore
Authors: Liu Yan , Tian Yan Wen , Zhai Yu Chun
Published: December 2011

Nickel is difficult to be enriched from laterite nickel ore with mineral processing. The traditional processes used for manufacturing nickel need high energy consumption and yield a large amount of metallurgy waste residue. A new method was developed. Nickel and iron was enriched firstly by leaching laterite nickel ore in concentrated alkali solution. In the process, silicon entered to the solution in the form of sodium silicate, and nickel and iron were remained in the residue in form of simple oxides due to the destroying of silicate structure. Ferronickel was obtained by magnetic separation after reducing the residue with carbon. The silicon dioxide was prepared using carbonation decomposition from the leaching solution. The alkali used in the leaching process was recycled and reused using causticizing technology.
Effects of Concentration of Alkaline Treated SF on the Tribological Properties of POM Composites Filled with LDPE and Sisal Fibers
Authors: Xiang Ding Han , Li Wen Juan , Ma Jiao Ling
Published: December 2011

Polyoxymethylene (POM) composites filled with low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and sisal fibers (SF) were prepared by extrusion and injection molding. Sisal fibers were treated by various concentrations of NaOH solution to improve the poor compatibility between SF and matrix. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM) test were used to confirm the surface treatment. The effects of SF alkaline treatment on the mechanical and tribological properties of POM composites were determined by using tensile test, impact test and friction and wear test. The worn surfaces of composites were investigated by SEM. Results showed that the composite filled with 12.5% NaOH treated SF exhibited the optimal mechanical and tribological properties among the all composites. The major wear mechanism of the composites was adhesive wear and abrasive grain wear.
Research on Microwave Carbon-Thermal Reduction of the Preparation Concentrate of Coarse Niobium
Authors: Chen Jun , Zhang Bang Wen , Liu Chen Xin , Bu Lin Chao Ke
Published: December 2011

Research is tested by the ways of microwave reduction-weak magnetic separation for recycling niobium and iron based on the preparation concentrate of rough niobium. Reduction is performed in 4 temperatures which are 700°C、750°C、800°C and 850°C for the ore, then weak magnetic separation test is taken in 4 current which are 0.6A、0.8A、1.0A and 1.2A, for the purpose of analyzing effect of magnetic current on the dressing index. The results show that, in these 4 types of temperature, hematite in the ore is well reduced to magnetite. At the temperature of 850°C, part of magnetite will be further reduced to FeO. The more the magnetic current is, the higher preparation concentrate producing rate and the iron yield are, but the purity may be a little going down. The higher the reducing temperature is, the more obvious the purity will be; the yield of Nb2O5 in tailing ore falls down with the rising up of the magnetic current, and the purity is a little bit going up. The higher the temperature of reduction is, the more obvious the yield falls. Considering the dressing index of both preparation concentrate and tailing ore, the best dressing index should be proceeding in the current of 1.2A, at the temperature of 750°C, yield and grade of the preparation concentration iron are 91.34% and 54.66% respectively, and yield and grade for Nb2O5 in tailing ore are 70.63% and 7.12% respectively.
The Effect of Modification and Heat Treatment on Low Chromium White Cast Iron
Authors: Liu E , Wei Feng Lan , Qiu Li Chun
Published: December 2011

The effect of compound modification and various kinds of heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of the low chromium white cast iron was studied.The results showed that,after modification,the carbide morphology in cast iron has been greatly improved;the annealed modified cast iron is suitable for machining;both martensitic quenching and austempering can cause the hardness and the impact toughness of modified cast iron increase greatly.
The Production of Poly(L-lactic acid) from 2-Steps Direct Polycondensation in 100 Kg Scale
Authors: Pivsa-Art Sommai , Niamlang Sumonman , Pivsa-Art Weraporn , Pavasupree Sorapong , Ishimoto Kiyoaki , Ohara Hitomi
Published: December 2011

Synthesis of poly(L-lactic acid), PLLA, in a mass scale production using 2-steps direct polycondensation methods was investigated. One hundred kilogram of L-lactic acid was esterified in a designed reactor under reduced pressure at elevated temperature in the first step, followed solid state polymerization, SSP. The synthesized PLLA from both laboratory (5 g) and mass (100 L) scales show comparable melting temperature, Tm (151 – 172 oC) and molecular weight (Mn) (10,000 -32,000) at the similar polymerization conditions. The appearances of synthesized PLLA are yellow-white solid powder. The results show high potential to produce environmental friendly polymer, PLLA, using non-complex facilities process.
Study on Performance of Diesel Engine Supplied with Methanol-Diesel Blended Fuel
Authors: Han Da Ming , Sun Shi Qiang
Published: December 2011

This paper analyzed the basic physical and chemical characteristics of methanol diesel blended fuel. The power and fuel economy performances were studied experimentally when methanol diesel blended fuel was supplied to JiChai 3012 diesel engine, without any changing of the configuration of this machine. The results show that compared to common diesel engine, the diesel engine using 10% and 20% methanol blended fuel show a slightly decrease in power, a less than 5% decrease in the dynamic performance, and an increase in fuel consumption; while the smoke is the reduced by 10% and 20% methanol blended in diesel.
Investigation on Formability of AISI 304 Circular Cups by Warm Deep Drawing
Authors: Ethiraj N , Senthil Kumar V.S
Published: December 2011

Deep drawing is one of the sheet metal forming processes used widely in industries like automobile, aerospace etc. In drawing operation, the limiting draw ratio (LDR) is used as an index of drawability of a material. In this investigation, stainless steel AISI 304 grade blanks of 1.0 mm thickness with different diameters are drawn into a circular cups in single stage. The experiments were conducted at room temperature as well as at temperatures 100oC, 200oC, and 300oC. The LDR values obtained in each condition were analyzed. The experimental results show that there is a significant improvement in LDR values by warm working.
FEM Prediction of Welding Residual Stresses and Temperature Fields in Butt and T-Welded Joints
Authors: Razavi Afsaneh , Hafezi Fatemeh , Farrahi Hossein
Published: December 2011

Residual stresses resulted from localized non-uniform heating and subsequent cooling during welding processes enact an important role in the formation of cracks and welding distortions and have severe effect on performance of welded joints. The present research performs a three dimensional transient thermo Elasto-plastic analysis using finite element technique to simulate welding process. Welding simulation procedure is developed using the parametric design language of commercial code ANSYS for single pass T and butt welded joints. The procedure verified with predicted residual stress field found in literature to confirm the accuracy of the method. The material of the weld metal, HAZ and the base metal are assumed to be the same. With regards to high temperature gradient in weld zone, temperature dependant thermal and mechanical properties have been incorporated in the simulation. Also in this work the technique of element birth and death was employed to simulate moving heat source and the weld filler variation with time. Temperature and residual stress fields were discussed.
Epitaxial Growth of Ni-Based Superalloys Using Laser and Spark Deposition
Authors: Costa Santos Edson , Kida Katsuyuki , Rozwadowska Justyna , Kidera Masaaki , Chen Chang Jun
Published: December 2011

In this paper, epitaxial growth on Ni-based single crystals was achieved by using spark deposition and laser powder deposition. Different Ni-based substrates, such as CMSX-4, TMS 138A as well as deposition materials: NiCrAl, Rene N4 and modified 4.5th generation single crystal alloys were used. The deposited layers were analysed by laser confocal microscopy, FEG-SEM, X-ray and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), had very little dilution and epitaxial growth was confirmed for the deposits made using Rene N4 electrodes. The deposition time at 100 V voltage, 850 W power and 110 Hz frequency was 3min and the layer thickness varied from 0.3 to 0.5 mm. Cracks were observed in certain areas with the formation of stray grains. In order to investigate the influence of the laser processing during multiple build up, specimens with one and ten layers were manufactured. The total layer thickness on substrates was 0.3 mm and 2 mm, respectively. The processing parameters were: laser power of 500 W, laser beam diameter of 0.6 mm and the z displacement was equal to 80% of the layer height. The laser deposition also resulted in successful epitaxial growth and minimal defects (pores or cracks), however the clads presented high dilution.
Preparation and Characterizations of Polysulfone Flat Ultrafiltration Membranes
Authors: Zhang Shan , Liu Zhen
Published: December 2011

The Polysulfone Flat ultrafiltration membranes were prepared with dimethylacetamide (DMAc) as solvent and polyvinypyrrolidone (PVP) as pore forming additive. Performance of PSF membrane such as pure water flux, albumin egg rejection were investigated. In addition, the same investigations were conducted with different coagulation bath temperature and evaporation time. The results show that there were a maximum of pure water flux and a minimum of the retention of Albumin when PVP content reach 14%.
Fractal Study on Blank Residue of Mould Cavity
Authors: Shen Hua , Cai Yu Jun , Pan Xin
Published: December 2011

A mathematical model of fractal interpolation surface is introuduced in this paper. A calculation to fractal dimension of the messy point data is proposed and used to get appropriate vertical scale factor to construct precise blank residue model. Fractal dimensions of different fractal interpolation surfaces with different vertical scale factor are different. The relationship between vertical scale factor and fractal dimension is obtained through calculating fractal dimensions of tested surfaces which are created by fractal interpolation with different vertical scale factor.
Development and Application of YS Silver Catalysts for Ethylene Epoxidation
Authors: Li Xian Feng , Li Jin Bing , Chen Jian She , Zhang Zhi Xiang , Dai Wu Jun , Cui Bao Lin , Lin Qiang
Published: December 2011

Ethylene oxide (EO) is an important organic chemical material, and Silver catalyst is an important petrochemical catalyst and is regarded as the core of EO/EG production process. The catalyst's performance is the major factor that directly determines the economic efficiency of commercial production of ethylene oxide. In this paper, we will introduce the development and application of YS silver catalysts developed by Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, SINOPEC.
Fabrication of Metal Micro Needle Array by LIGA Process
Authors: Bai Wan Qing , Li Yi Gui , Yang Chun Sheng , Liu Jing Quan , He Dan Nong , Sugiyama Susumu
Published: December 2011

Polymer materials, such as PMMA and PDMS, have been of great interest in the research and development of MEMS recently due to their relatively low cost and easy process. In this research, we are trying to fabricate Ni Micro needle array from PMMA master by through PDMS mold based on multi-mold transformation technology. The fabricated micro nickel needles array is 900 microneedles in 1 cm2 chip area and the height of each needle is about 150um.
The Primary Processing of MEMS Devices and Applications Analysis
Authors: Chen Kai , Fang Li Qing , Wang Hong Kai
Published: December 2011

This paper details the system of MEMS technology, focusing on analysis MEMS device processing and application status. Through the analysis of MEMS technology in the application of MEMS devices, MEMS devices described in the application of the status in modern life, while the survey data produced a MEMS device in the next few years the proportion of market share, and analyse the developments of MEMS devices and development trend.
Enzymatic Degradation of Polyester-Nanoparticles by Lipases and Adsorption of Lipases on the Polyester-Nanoparticles
Authors: Ma Meng Meng , Wang Lian Yuan , Zhu Hai Yan
Published: December 2011

Enzymatic degradation tests of polymer in form of nanoparticle (NP) were used to study the biodegradation of two different types of polymers polytetramethylene adipitate (SP4/6) and polybutylene isophthalate (PBI) by two commercially available lipases. The two lipases, which are from the yeast Candida cylindracea (CcL) and Pseudomonas species (PsL) respectively, exhibited sufficient degradation activities both for the aliphatic model polyester SP4/6 and the aromatic model polyester PBI and the use of polyester NPs has dramatically shortened the duration of enzymatic degradation tests. It has also been noticed that the degradation percentage of the polyesters was in the range of 35-50%, probably due to the formation of low molecular weight intermediates that are not accessible to the enzymes. Since biodegradation of polymers is a surface process, the adsorption of lipases on the surface of polyester NPs may play an important role. In order to gain some insights into the adsorption process of enzymes on polymer NPs, the adsorption of CcL and PsL lipases on two hardly degradable polyesters polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was investigated in this work. The adsorption of lipases on these polyester NPs showed a fast kinetic. Langmuir isotherms were found to be generally suitable to describe the adsorption of lipases on polyester NPs, especially at low lipase concentration under the experimental conditions. However, significant derivations from Langmuir isotherms were observed at high lipase concentrations.
Technology Study of Polypropylene Hollow Fiber Membranes-Like Artificial Lung Made by the Melt-Spinning and Cold-Stretching Method
Authors: Liu Xun Dao , Ni Lei , Zhang Yu Feng , Liu Zhen , Feng Xian She , Ji Lin
Published: December 2011

Artificial lung also called as oxygenator which performs a function of exchanging O2 and removing CO2 from blood. Due to its good performance at the exchange area, oxygenation, etc, hollow fiber membranes have become the main research direction of artificial lung. Polypropylene (pp) hollow fiber membranes made by the melt-spinning and cold-stretching methods (MSCS) in this study. Through the research on the membrane manufacture process and technology optimization to prepare suitable membrane for artificially lung. The performance of membrane was affected by the melt-draw ratio and spinning temperature, annealing temperature, and the proportional relations of cold stretch with hot stretch. The results of the study show that improve melt-draw ratio, select the appropriate annealing conditions and the reasonable ratio of hot stretch with cold stretch can effectively increase the air flux of pp hollow fiber membrane.
Generation Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons during Blending Coal Coking
Authors: Shi Yan , Song Chun Yan , Gao Lin
Published: December 2011

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are discharged into the atmosphere during coking process. They are the typical persistent organic pollutants with their teratogenic, carcinogenetic, and mutagenic. The writer studied the PAHs in blending coal coking process through laboratory sampling and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, observed and summarized the generation regularity and emission characteristics of PAHs in three kinds of blending coal coking process, and provided the foundation data for the control of PAHs in coking process.
Effects of the Particle Size Variety of Metal Oxide on the Absorption Property of Long-Wavelength Infrared Laser
Authors: Wang Wei Fu , Zheng Y.G. , Yao Jian Hua , Zhang Miao
Published: December 2011

In order to study the influences of aggregate size on CO2 laser absorption property, several special absorbing coatings were prepared from four kinds of different particle sizes (45 μm, 13 μm, 6.5 μm and 1.6 μm) TiO2 powder. The CO2 laser absorption capacities of these coatings were studied by comparative analysis of the surface morphology and laser heated areas. The results show that the absorbing capacity increases with particle size dwindling. In all samples, the 1.6 μm specimens display the best performance with the largest laser heated area on cross section. The analysis indicate that, the decreasing of particle size will lead to an increase on absorbing surfaces, which is benefit for improving the absorbing capacity. Furthermore, smaller size particles also can cause the temperature increased faster than large particles, which lead to a further increase on absorbing performance for the positive feedback effects between the temperature and the absorbing capacity. Finally, the effects of particle size variety on designing absorbing coatings are also discussed.
Effect of In Situ Formed Mullite on Properties of High Alumina ULC Castables
Authors: Bi Zhen Yong , Zhou Ning Sheng , Sun Jia Lin , Zhao Jing , Li Ji Wei , Xu De Ting
Published: December 2011

In order to improve the hot strength of pre-cast shapes of high alumina castables used in industrial furnaces, the present work explored the approach to using in-situ formed mullite by incorporating 3%-9% silicon powders in bauxite based ULC castables. The pre-cast specimens were dried and then heated at 1450°C for 3h in air. The in-situ formed mullite derived from Si can remarkably improve HMOR of the castables. Refractoriness under load and TSR can also be improved by Si incorporation. The microstructure of the related castable samples was interpreted. The optimizing addition of Si power in this work is about 5%.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Au-TiO2 Catalysts: Deposition of Gold Nanoclusters on Rutile (110) Surface
Authors: Zeng Qing Hua , Wong Kenneth , Yu Ai Bing
Published: December 2011

In this work, molecular dynamics simulation was used to investigate the deposition process of a gold nanocluster on rutile TiO2(110) surface. The effects of surface defects (i.e., point, step, and groove) were examined in terms of interaction energy, morphology and structure. It was found that the gold nanocluster can be strongly attracted to rutile TiO2(110) surface. Moreover, a higher degree of defect results in a stronger attractive interaction between gold nanocluster and TiO2(110) surface. The simulated results also indicated that the stability of gold nanoclusters can be effectively controlled by adding citrate ions, which could lead to a high catalytic activity of gold/metal oxide catalysts.
Failure Analysis on the Exhaust Steel Tube Explosion of Natural Gas Compressor
Authors: Jiang Yu Rong , Chen Mei Bao
Published: December 2011

Natural gas compressor is the absolutely necessary link of natural gas storage and transportation technology. The safety operation of the exhaust steel tube directly influences the ability of natural gas gathering and transportation system. In this paper, the accident of the exhaust steel tube explosion of natural gas compressor was carried out to study the reasons of the failure using methods of macroscopic analysis, size measurement and SEM et al and proposed the safety countermeasures. The results show that the failure of exhaust steel tube related to the wicked service conditions, rough machining, the fatigue crack initiation and propagation. The sulfide stress corrosion (SSCC) and the longitudinal processing damage accelerate the fatigue crack propagation rate.
The Influence of Solidification Condition to the Aluminum Wire Organization Characteristics
Authors: Wang Lian Tie , Xia Da Wei , E Da Zhi , Meng Qing Shan , Sheng Xiao Li
Published: December 2011

Electrical wiring is the main fireorigin on electrical fire, and aluminum wire laying lines used more fire hazard. The melting mark formed in process of fire is the important material evidence to analysis the cause, but the aluminum wire melting mark organization feature is also different in different solidification conditions, therefore, to identify the mark characteristics formaed in different environment conditions has become a important task of fire evidence identification. Prepared fire sample melting by the means of simulation test, and observed to analysis the experimental sample, then summarizes the influence of solidification environment on microstructure characteristics of aluminum wire trace sample. Through the analysis found that, because of the influence of subcooled temperature, make the most of the organization of melt mark cooled in the air have oversize equiaxial crystal organization, almost no holes; and the dip in water cooling of melting mark is formed in larger subcooling, so the organization have more than a small columnar crystal and cellular crystal, and have more small holes exist. These features of aluminum conductor mark can provide strong technical support for fire investigation.
Effects of RE on Iron-Phase Morphology in As-Cast Al-7Si-0.3Mg Alloy Containing 1.2%Fe
Authors: Wen Hong Yan , Fan Xiao Ming , Ma Bin , Deng Guo Shan
Published: December 2011

In this work, the effects of the addition amount of rear earth on iron phase morphology of Al-7Si-0.3Mg alloy with 1.2%Fe were studied by Optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron probe (EPMA). The results showed that: (1) the defined amount of RE addition can significantly inhibit the needle-like iron phase in Al-Si alloy. RE can make the needle-like β-Fe thick thinning, and some even blow or bending. When the addition of RE is 0.36%～0.48%, the modification effect to needle-like β-Fe phase are best. In high iron Al-Si alloys modified by RE, a small amount of bone-like Fe-rich compounds caused by Re were found. (2) after adding excess of RE (RE%>0.48%), a deterioration phenomenon emerged with the formation of large amount of needle-like and plate-like (AlSiRE) intermetallic compounds.
Boolean Operations Algorithm on Triangle Meshes for Modeling Bone Scaffold
Authors: Jin Wen Yu , Yao Yuan , Chen Wei Deng , Hu Qing Xi
Published: December 2011

Boolean operation is the key technology for modeling the bone scaffold. This paper proposes a Boolean operation algorithm based on triangle mesh model. It firstly voxelizes the mesh models based on project vector and octree, and classifies the vertices into inside, outside and surface type according to the position relationship between the vertex and the other mesh model’s voxel. Then the triangles can be easily classified based on the vertices class. Finally the Boolean model can be composed by the corresponding triangles of the Boolean operation. In order to obtain the intersection features well, it detects the intersection lines and gets the intersection polygons further, and then triangulates the polygon using the ear clipping method. This Boolean operation algorithm has been applied to the bone scaffold modeling and got good performance．
Synthesis of Norbornene Derivative Using Diels-Alder Reaction
Authors: Park Jun Seong , Oh Hyun Chul , Park Yong Sung , Woo Je Wan
Published: December 2011

Cyclopentadiene is an important material for making norbornene, and can synthesize norbornene dicarboxylic ester through the maleate and Diels-Alder reaction. Also, a structure similar to that of the representative PVC plasticizer dioctyl phthalate(DOP) was synthesized, so as to confirm the structure of compounds through 1H-NMR, FT-IR, Mass, and HPLC, and to compare the basic properties with those of DOP.
Finite Element Simulation and Numerical Analysis in the Process of Tube Bending
Authors: Xu Xiao Bing , Xiong Tian Kai , Guan Qiang , Tan Li Jun
Published: December 2011

In this paper, a 3D-FE model in process of tube bending is built under the ABAQUS/Explicit environment based on the solution of several key techniques, such as contact boundary condition, material properties definition and meshing technology, etc. The results show that both friction coefficients and bending angles have an important influence on the wall thickness of tubes. The variation trends of outside and inside wall thickness are found out by using finite element simulation. The achievements of this study may provide some advice for experiments and manufactures.
Calculation of Melting Curve of Aluminum under Pressure through Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Li Jin Xi , Han Zhi Qiang
Published: December 2011

The melting curve is an important thermodynamic property in studies of solid-liquid phase transitions. It can be calculated via molecular dynamics simulations. We simulated the melting process of pure Al with three methods, the heat-until-it-melts (HUM) method, the two-phase method and the hysteresis method. The results calculated via HUM method is approximately 20% higher than experiment data while the results calculated via two-phase method and hysteresis method are in good agreement with experiment data.
Melt Shearing Process for Recycling of Iron Contaminated Al-Si Alloy by Modification of Harmful Morphology of Intermetallics
Authors: Kim Bong Hwan , Lee Sang Mok
Published: December 2011

This study aims to investigate the effects of mechanical melt-shearing treatment during casting process on the morphological change of iron-containing intermetallic phases formed in the high-iron bearing Al-Si casting alloys. The process parameters of the melt-shearing treatment were controlled and optimized in order to modify the needle-like shape of the iron-containing intermetallic into a less harmful form. Throughout this study, it was found that the melt-shearing treatment shortened effectively the length of the needle-shaped iron-containing intermetallic phase in the Al-Si alloys. It was also confirmed that these modified morphology and microstructures result in the improvement of mechanical properties.
Residual Stress Simulation of a Single Bead-on-Plate with Modified High-Cr Ferrite Heat-Resistant Steel
Authors: Di Xin Jie , Wang Lei Lei , Liu Yong Chang
Published: December 2011

In this paper, residual stress modeling using the finite element (FE) method is presented. The heat source is represented by the Goldak’s double-ellipsoid model. The Koistinen–Marburger relationship was employed here in order to trace the martensite fraction in the material during martensitie transformation in residual stress analysis. The relationship between stresses and martensite fraction are presented. Stress distribution is affected by matensite transformation.
Study on the Stability of Fruit Bromelain
Authors: Liang Hong Yu , Li Mei , Shi Ming , Liao An Ping , Wu Ru Chun
Published: December 2011

In order to prevent the activity loss of bromelain activity in the production process, the effect of temperature, pH value and metal ions on bromelain activity of the extraction solution was studied. In the range, inactivation rate of bromelain activity for the extraction solution would be increased significantly when temperature exceeds 60°C. The most suitable for bromelain of casein acids hydrolysate temperature was 50-60°C;the fruit bromelain was stability at original pH value; Fe3+ and Cu2+ can strongly make bromelain reduce activity; at the same time, when the extraction solution diluted times was more than 200 times, bromelain activity didn’t basically changed.
Structure Topology Optimization of the Spindle Box of a Machining Center
Authors: Zhou Zi Liang , Song Jian , Cong Ming
Published: December 2011

To meet the need of high precision and speed, the movable parts of a high speed machining center should be as light as possible with high stiffness, which can be realized effectively via structure topology optimization. In this paper, structure topology optimization of the spindle box of a type of machining center was carried out based on the software of OptiStruct of HyperWorks. In the course of design, a stiffness criterion was put forward to deal with the uncertainty of cutting load on a machining center. And based on the criterion, the load boundary condition of the spindle box model was defined. And a clear structure was finaly obtained in the postprocessor of OptiStruct.
The Two Phased Method of Hull Block Assembly Sequence Planning
Authors: Qu Shi Peng , Jiang Zu Hua
Published: December 2011

A hull block assembly sequence planning (ASP) problem is modeled as a constraint satisfaction problem where the precedence relations between operations are considered constraints. In order to generate the proper assembly sequence of the hull block, we analyzed the structure features of the block and built the hierarchical assembly model of the block. Based on this model, we divided the whole process of the block assembly into the small subassembly phase and the unit subassembly phase. There exists the rule that the assembly process of the subassembly in the same phase is similar, and it's different to the subassembly in the different phases. So, we proposed the different methods to plan the assembly sequence of the different phases. An example is given to illustrate that this two phased method can solves the block ASP problem effectively and accurately.
Garbage Crusher Variant Design Based on Parameterization
Authors: Sun Yong Hou , Yao Chun Ge , Xu Kun , Jin Guo Cai
Published: December 2011

Garbage processing is an important content in environment protection.Garbage crusher plays a key role in garbage processing. To enhance design rapidity and quality of garbage crusher, a new garbage crusher variant design methodology based on parameterization is proposed. The principle of variant design based on parameterization is introducted. Parametric model of garbage crusher is established and analyzed. A new product information model is established according to the mating relationship type among constituent parts of assembly. The product information model included several sub-models. It can be droved by parametric dimension, which is defined by customers’ requirement to get customized product’s design scheme. Garbage crusher variant design plug-ins based on SolidWorks is developed with VC++. The garbage crusher’s variant design is implemented.
A CAD/CAM System for Integrated Process of CNC Incremental Forming and 5-Axis Laser Cutting
Authors: Zhu Hu , Li Nan , Bai Jin Lan
Published: December 2011

The sheet metal forming is widely used in aerospace, automobile and shipbuilding industry. CNC incremental forming is a kind of recently developed flexible and dieless forming technology. This paper introduce an integrated process of CNC incremental forming and 5-axis laser cutting based on machining features, and the structure of related special CAD/CAM system as well as its development methods.
Introduction of Characteristics and Choice of CNC Machining Cutter
Authors: Ruan Xiao Guang , Wang Yin Chen , Zhang Dang Fei , Cao Han Xin , Sun Min , Li Fu Yang
Published: December 2011

The article introduces the unique characteristics of CNC machining center cutter compared to traditional cutters, analyzes the choice of CNC machining cutter and factors of choice. Meanwhile, proved by the examples with manufacture software CAXA2004, the correct choice of CNC machining center cutter can give full play to the advantages of CNC machining and improve the economic efficiency and production levels of enterprises.
The Application of Rigid-Flex Coupled Dynamics Simulation in Coal Mining Machine Research and Development
Authors: Qin Zhou , Sun Lin
Published: December 2011

The poor working condition and complex workload of coal mining machine lead to a big risk and a high cost for the test based on physical prototype, while the application of virtual prototype for simulation can acquire a comprehensive assessment of the reliability of product at the design stage. Parameters of working condition were obtained through the coal mine physical and mechanical property testing, and according to the coal-breaking mechanism and numerical analysis theory, the workload calculation and application methods of static and dynamic coal mining machines were analyzed with the examples of plow and shearer. In addition, the load calculation program was written in MATLAB. Based on interface technology, the rigid-flex coupled virtual prototype was established by the adoption of ADAMS, Pro/E and ANSYS, and then the problems in design were found through interference examination and dynamic analysis. The process above provided the basis for optimizing design.
Study on Parametric Design & Simulation for Cam-Linkage Reducer Based on Pro/E
Authors: Wang Bao Min , Zou Ying Kang
Published: December 2011

In this paper, firstly, a new type cam-linkage combined mechanism was briefly introduced. Secondly,the requirements of major components of cam-linkage reducer were discussed. And then, 3D parametrized design and virtual assembly for cam and other parts was realized by using Pro/E, and the interference of the whole reducer was detected, optimized design of componets was implemented. In the end, kniematic simulation of reducer model was analyzed. It is not only helpful to improve the efficiency of production design, shorten the design cycle and fulfill optimized and series design, but also useful to provide accurate models for FEM analysis.
Finite Element Simulations of the Sinus Lifting Process
Authors: Huang Ching Chieh , Chen Li Wen , Yeh Nan Ming , Wu Dong Feng , Chen Yung Chuan
Published: December 2011

In the current market, the rotary sinus lift approach is developed by many manufacturers to substitute for the traditional osteotome technique. Sinus lift surgery can be achieved safely and accurately by using the rotary sinus lift approach. In this study, a three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element model is used to simulate the contact stress between the sinus membrane and the sinus lift approach during sinus lifting process. Three different shape designs of the rotary sinus lift approach are explored. The results showed that the lift approach type A (flat top rounded corner shape) offers less damage and a higher lifting displacement of the sinus membrane during sinus lifting process.
The Effect of Flexion Angle and Sagittal Radius on Femorotibial Contact Stresses
Authors: Ramesh C S , Shashishekar C
Published: December 2011

The artificial knee joint need to satisfy and meet certain design requirements in addition to being biocompatible. These being the design of the flexion angle and sagittal radius of the prosthetic knee for specific activities such as walking and exercising. Day to day physical activities do result in generating frequent contacts between the femur and tibia leading to stresses at the interface of the femorotibial joint. These stresses on exceeding certain limit do result in damage of the tibia which acts as bearing surface carrying loads during each of the knee activity. Hence, prediction and minimization of the stresses at the knee interfaces is the key issue to ensure high performance knee joints. In the light of the above, the stresses at the knee interfaces are computed using commercially available FEA software (ANSYS 10). The three dimensional model was developed using PRO E software for sagittal radius of 40, 50 and 60 mm. The flexion angles considered are 0, 20 and 40 degrees. A load of 500N was considered. It is observed that the stress intensity increases with increase in flexion angle and sagittal radius for all the material combinations of the prosthetic knee joint. Further, alumina ceramic femur and polyethylene chopped carbon fiber composite tibia exhibits the least stress levels at all the studied sagittal radius and flexion angles.
The Research of Network Security Mechanism Based Collaborative Design
Authors: Xiang Hao , Li Ming
Published: December 2011

Network Security serves as a guarantee for achieving collaborative design and enabling network to be highly efficient. The hidden security lapses in the frame of traditional collaborative design system are analyzed in this paper. The author also points out that as for a sound network collaborative design, a security mechanism must be established to secure the system in terms of data transmission and personnel action. A comprehensive security mechanism involving VPN encoded transmission, identification based on projects and authority management according to different roles.
Research on Bias and Linearity Analysis of MEMS Measurement System Based on Minitab
Authors: Yu Jin Wei
Published: December 2011

In this paper， conception and method of bias and linearity analysis of measurement system are introduced , Minitab software are used to analyze bias and linearity of measurement system of MEMS microphone frequency response and sensitivity, conception of composite measurement system is put forward, and having effectively analyzed for it .According to the study result, the method which use whole bias value correct measurement system is discovered ,and forecast the improved measurement by using Minitab software system, after it is used product practice , greatly enhances reliability of measure data of MEMS microphone measurement system.
Numerical Simulation of Elongational Flow in Polymer Vane Extruder
Authors: Wen Jin Song , Liang Yao Huan , Chen Zhi Min
Published: December 2011

Polymer vane extruder is a new type of extrusion machine, whose plasticating and conveying method is based on elongational rheology. The vane extruder has many advantages over conventional plasticating method, such as shortening thermo-mechanical experience of plasticating and conveying, reducing the energy consumption of plasticating and conveying, and improving adaptability to diverse materials. Currently, research for characteristics of vane extruder is mostly focused on theoretical derivation and experiments. However, these methods lead to high consumption of time and energy, and cannot provide an intuitive view of the flow. In this paper, 3D finite element numerical simulation was performed to investigate the flow in one of the vane units with POLYFLOW. The elongation flow was investigated by analyzing velocity field, pressure field, local-shear-rate distribution and mixing index distribution. The results show that numerical simulation is an efficient method to optimize process parameters and the structure of vane extruder.
Realization of a Prototype System for Point Cloud Data Processing in Reverse Engineering
Authors: Zhuo Yong , Peng Juan , Wu Yan Jun
Published: December 2011

In Reverse Engineering (RE), Point Cloud Data (PCD) processing is of great importance. But at present, a number of key issues about its algorithms are unresolved. This article mainly introduces the author who has done the research and put forward some specific algorithms on the aspects of data topology reconstruction, multi-view data registration and data reduction, and then developed a PCD processing system --3DPointshop, based on OpenGL and MFC. Through a series of instances of tests show that the prototype system which contains the algorithms and function modules will be able to implement on PCD processing well and could achieve the practical application level.