bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ukrainian insurance market: current state and development prospects
Authors: Lashchyk I. , Kondrat I. , Viblyi P. , Bilets V.
Published: November 2020

The paper is devoted to the investigation of the current state and trends of the insurance market in Ukraine. A number of indicators characterizing the state of insurance market development, such as: the number of insurance companies engaged in risky types of insurance and life insurance; volume and dynamics of gross insurance bonuses and insurance payments; dynamics of the number of concluded agreements on voluntary and compulsory types of insurance, as well as reinsurance agreements; volume and dynamics of assets and insurance reserves of domestic insurance companies are analyzed in this scientific paper. Comparative analysis of the above mentioned indicators with similar indicators of foreign countries is carried out. It is defined that the insurance market of Ukraine lags far behind the countries of Europe, the USA, China, Japan and other developed countries. The reason for such low development is the difficult economic situation in the country caused by such factors as the change of power in 2015, the occupation of part of the territory by the Russian Federation, which shattered the previously unstable economy. Although the economic situation in the country has stabilized in recent years, this is not enough for the insurance market to reach the level of developed economies. The investigation results are presented in the form of tables and graphical interpretations. The factors of positive and negative influence on the development of domestic insurance market are determined and characterized. The main factor influencing the insurance market and ensuring its stability is the control of measures increasing the level of the population insurance culture and the reliability of insurance companies. Such measures will increase the demand for insurance services, insurers will be interested in doing their best and these factors will result in financial market stabilization. This effect will be achieved if the state and insurance companies act in coordinated manner, i.e. if the state provides the insurance market with regulatory framework with unobtrusive supervision, and insurers perform their work honestly and conscientiously. A number of recommendations for the development of domestic insurance companies and the market in general are developed. The main measures are to attract capital not only from European countries, making the insurance market more attractive, but to develop the health insurance, as medicine is quite expensive and the income is low, as well as to introduce the new insurance products due to the development of all industries.
Financial dollarization in the economy of Ukraine
Authors: Shchurevych O. , Kotsemira O.
Published: November 2020

The essence of dollarization phenomenon is considered in this paper. It is noted that dollarization occurs when the national currency does not completely perform the functions of money. In this case, the national currency is replaced in some transactions by foreign ones. Basically, it is the currency of highly developed countries with sustainable economic development. The defined main causes of dollarization in Ukraine are as follows: depositors attempt to keep their savings from devaluation result in financial crises accompanied by significant devaluation and inflation; distrust in regulator and government actions. The disadvantages of dollarization phenomenon for the national economy development are systematized and the following key ones are identified: decrease in the efficiency of NBU monetary policy, decrease in confidence in the national currency and banking system, decrease in demand for the national currency, growth of shadow economy and as the result tax revenues reduction. It is emphasized that one of dollarization types is financial dollarization, for which level assessment a number of indicators are selected: dollarization of loan and deposit portfolios, dollarization of MQ monetary aggregate. The structure of the deposit portfolio of individuals and legal entities in terms of currencies is considered and it is found that in periods of intensification of the crisis the level of dollarization increased, and in periods of relative stability – decreased. It is generalized that about 40% of the deposit portfolio is denominated in foreign currency. It means that consumers of financial services trust and save more in foreign currency. The structure of the deposit portfolio of individuals and legal entities in terms of currencies is considered and it is found that during the periods of crisis phenomena intensification the dollarization level increases, and during the periods of relative stability – decreases. It is summarized that about 40% of the deposit portfolio is denominated in foreign currency, i.e. the consumers of financial services trust and save more in foreign currency. The structure of the loan portfolio is analyzed and it is determined that the level of dollarization of the loan portfolio of legal entities is more than 40%, and consumer loans in foreign currency are prohibited, so the dollarization of the loan portfolio of individuals decreases annually up to 18%. The ratio of foreign currency deposits to money supply (MQ) is calculated, which, like other calculated indicators, proves that Ukraine has high dollarization level. Based on the carried out analysis, the conclusions concerning the need to coordinate the efforts of the central bank, government, parliament in order to reduce the dollarization level up to the natural level for the elimination of threatening consequences for the national economy are substantiated.
Analysis of blood supply service advertisements in print media (on the example of Sumy regional blood supply service center)
Authors: Khomenko L. , Saher L. , Lyubchak V.
Published: November 2020

Blood supply service is one of the strategically important areas of health care, saving millions of lives each year worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) in 60 countries around the world, voluntary unpaid donors provide 100% of blood supplies. They do it due to effective marketing programs. There is shortage of donor blood in Ukraine and the number of blood donations is almost three times less than recommended by WHO. Therefore, it is important to analyze the positive experience of leading blood supply service centers. The objective of the investigation is to determine the role of advertising in print media as part of the blood supply service marketing activities. The advantages and disadvantages of print media advertising are systematized. 71 articles about Sumy Regional Blood Supply Service Center published in 11 printed sources during 1990 – May 2020 were analyzed. Printed sources where most of the articles were published were defined. Methods of analysis and logical generalization, trend analysis and content analysis were used. The main themes of the articles at each stage of their formation are determined: emphasis on the fellowship in problems solution, fight against incompetent actions, donor as the basis of the blood supply service functioning. It is advisable to use print advertising with the basic motto «everyone can easily help other people who need blood.» in order to involve people the donor movement. Blood supply service should be regularly cited in the local periodical press. As modern print media have both printed version of the publication and informational Internet-website, it is possible to distribute the necessary information among the wide range of the public. Particularly, it is reasonable to show examples of people and organizations donating blood; tell about the internal activities of blood supply service, show the most active people in donation promotion, so they can involve more people into donation, demonstrate examples of problems successfully solved by blood supply service and point out the idea: being a donor is simple and beneficial for both the donor and society. In the future it will optimize advertising in print media and increase its effectiveness as well as and develop complete marketing program with high rates of donors recruitment and support.
Cyber security as a component of economic security of Ukraine
Authors: Horbachenko S.
Published: November 2020

The main essential aspects of the country economic security as a foundation for structural change and sustainable development of the national economy, strengthening its competitiveness, improvement of the economic entities efficiency are formulated in this paper. The processes affecting the economic security at the state, regions and individual enterprises levels are identified. Taking into account the available classifications of the economic security components, the role of information and cybersecurity is highlighted. It is determined that almost in all classifications of information security in one form or another is considered as an opportunity for information support and protection of confidential information of the socio-economic system. It is proved that «cybersecurity» category is gradually shifting from micro to macro level, from the problems of information protection on individual devices in local networks to the creation of a single cybersecurity system as a full component of national security at the state level. The assessment of cyberspace as the environment for potential criminal actions in the field of unauthorized access to the confidential information, software failures, automated systems functional breakdowns is carried out. It is identified how such characteristics of economic security as countermeasures resistance to internal and external threats, economic independence, self-reproduction and self-development, national interests, can be supported and protected in cyberspace Proposals for creating an effective system of cybersecurity state regulation and conditions for online information exchange within «public authorities – private sector – civil society», triangle, optimization of staffing cyber protection, development of the system of economic indicators of cyberspace functioning are introduced. Emphasis is placed on the research prospects concerning the stimulation of innovative activity aimed at the creation of effective organizational and technological model of the national cybersecurity system, the implementation of human resources, optimization of domestic legislation.
National security and public administration
Authors: Zagurska-Antoniuk V.
Published: November 2020

The article deals with the problem of national security in the contemporary world which is greatly influenced by the process of globalization and digitalization. The paper highlights the role of national security in modern state building. The following issue has been of great interest to many outstanding scientists worldwide especially since the beginning of the XXI century. However, the subject matter of national security in the system of public administration has not been clearly defined yet. Therefore, the paper analyzes the approaches to define national security and points out its distinctive features. Moreover, it emphasizes the fact that at the level of national, regional and global relations the concept of national security is often associated with security strategies. Thus, the article puts emphasis on the predominant characteristics that help to distinguish between these two concepts. In addition, the research clarifies the characteristic features of national security as well as state security. Security, like many other categories of social sciences, does not have a conclusive definition. What is more, the category of security has an interdisciplinary significance. Therefore, scientists define it in accordance with the subject matter and the specifics of cognition and research. Nevertheless, many outstanding scholars view security as an anthropocentric category related to man’s socialessence and value. Accordingly, security presupposes having freedom from the risk, danger and the threat of change to the worse. Most scientists agree that security is a constituent of every aspect of human life. Consequently, security issues consideration is of great significance. All in all, nowadays it is greatly important to achieve a state of security as our globalized society frequently leads to different challenges and dangers. The results of the research contribute to better understanding of the issue and make it possible to introduce effective mechanisms of public administration in the field of national security.
5:30 in Negril
Authors: Williams Tammy Ronique
Published: November 2020

Born in Moscow, Russia and raised in Kingston, Jamaica, Tammy Ronique Williams is a second year student at the University of Toronto, where she is pursuing an Honours Bachelor's Degree in English and Caribbean Studies, with a minor in Russian. She hopes to someday become a published author.
“The Anglo-Blackxons & Indo-Anglo-Saxons”
Authors: Fullerton Leslie-Ann
Published: November 2020

poetry
The Haitian Carnival & Rara: Avenues for Political & Religious Assertion by Haiti’s Poor
Authors: Mahmood Mahavish
Published: November 2020

essay
Egungun (CUBA RITMO)
Authors: Msingwana Kwanza
Published: November 2020

poetry
Gender, Oppression & Resistance in Caribbean Slave Society
Authors: Zlotnik Jessica
Published: November 2020

essay
The Caribbean Studies Student Union
Authors: Arhurton Jodi
Published: November 2020

info
Preface
Authors: De Silva Kevin , Chatarpal Mark
Published: November 2020

preface
"catch a fyah"
Authors: Williams-King Amber
Published: November 2020

A poem.
The Seasonal Moral Contract: The Legitimization of the Abusive Treatment of Caribbean Workers in Ontario
Authors: Saez Cecilia
Published: November 2020

The Seasonal Moral Contract: The Legitimization of the Abusive Treatment of Caribbean Workers in Ontario by Cecilia Saez
Theories of Haitian Mobility and their Relationship to the Dominican Sugar Industry
Authors: Ramirez Juliana
Published: November 2020

Theories of Haitian Mobility and their Relationship to the Dominican Sugar Industry by Juliana Ramirez.pdf
The Pervasive Silence of Enslaved Woman and the Dichotomy of White Woman as Property and Proprietor
Authors: McFarlane Chantal
Published: November 2020

The Pervasive Silence of Enslaved Woman and the Dichotomy of White Woman as Property and Proprietor by Chantal McFarlane
The Dismantlement of the Netherlands Antilles: How Autonomy is More Viable than Independence
Authors: Baker Cameron Wathey
Published: November 2020

The Dismantlement of the Netherlands Antilles: How Autonomy is More Viable than Independence by Cameron Wathey
From Democratic Socialism to a Neoliberal Agenda: A Jamaican Case Study
Authors: Brown Raquel
Published: November 2020

From Democratic Socialism to a Neoliberal Agenda: A Jamaican Case Study by Raquel Brown
“REQUIEM”
Authors: Williams-King Amber
Published: November 2020

“Requiem” by Amber Williams-King
Collage: Cuba and Jamaica
Authors: Williams Tammy
Published: November 2020

Collage: Cuba and Jamaica by Tammy Williams
Conceptions of Race Beyond North America: The Subversion of the Colonial Racial Contract in The Bahamas
Authors: Allens David
Published: November 2020

In his work Ethnic groups and boundaries, Frederick Barth argues that applying definitions to group of peoples has less to do with emphasizing a shared culture than with defining the sentiments of communality in opposition to the perceived identity of an ‘other’ (Barth). In applying Barth’s framework, modern Bahamian identity has developed—and is largely understood—in comparison to a Haitian ‘other.' Therefore, this essay will argue that, having gone through multiple iterations of the racial contract, policies of subjugation initially intended for black colonial subjects (e.g. uneven development and colonially encouraged distrust) have been subverted for use by The Bahamas’ post-independence government against those with Haitian ancestry. It will demonstrate that Bahamian sentiments towards Haitians are contextualized historically and based on a long-standing colonial tradition of discrimination and social control that pitted West Indian immigrants against them. While this subjugation is no longer enforced along phenotypical lines, elements of privilege connected to the racial contract are now adjudicated along different lines that may prove harder to distinguish, perhaps making the privileges attached to the dominant identity different from a North American context.
Racial Capitalism, Slavery, Labour Regimes and Exploitation in the Canadian Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program
Authors: McCausland Julie Ann
Published: November 2020

This paper will attempt to critically examine Canada’s Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program (SAWP) with an intent of connecting four themes: the Canadian agricultural industry, indentured servitude, the labour regime in Canada, and the racialization of the SAWP. It has been argued that the workers from the Caribbean who participate in the Temporary Agricultural Workers Program are should consider themselves fortunate to be given such an opportunity. I argue that this assertion is problematic because it overlooks the hardship the workers face in Canada as a result of their non-citizen status. I also examine the fact that many of the workers enlisted in the SAWP are forced to migrate for a living wage due to poor economic conditions in their countries of origin, and that these conditions are a direct consequence of unequal trade policies and structural adjustment programs. Finally, I demonstrate Canada’s complicity in benefiting from these programs.
Neoteric Advances in Graphene Nanomaterial Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Cancer Diagnosis: A Review
Authors: Hossen Masum , Hossain Anwar , Kairy Prattay
Published: November 2020

Early diagnosis of the disease can appreciably improve the survival rate or facilitate effective treatment with different modalities. In the field of disease diagnosis; nanomaterial-based biosensing and bioimaging techniques are lifting hopes for point-of-care cancer diagnosis with ultra-high selectivity and sensitivity. Graphene, including twodimensional (2D) graphene films, three-dimensional (3D) graphene architectures, Graphene dots, and graphene hybrids (GHs) nanostructures have attracted the researcher`s interest in the field of biosensing and bioimaging owing to their properties. Versatile platforms of graphene nanomaterials make it as germane to detect the biomarkers at the early stage of cancer. This review selectively summarizes the recent progress in using graphene-based nanomaterials for detecting lung cancer biomarkers. Explicitly, graphene-electrochemical biosensors, which are classified according to sensing mechanisms and targets (CEA, NSE, hTERT, CYFRA21-1), are thoroughly discussed. Herewith, future scopes and challenges with other matrices, nano-scaffolds have also discoursed in the conclusion and future perspective.

GUB JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, Vol 5(1), Dec 2018 P 51-59
Threats and Conservation Problems of Non-Human Primates in Moist Deciduous Forest of Bangladesh
Authors: Naher Habibon , Khan Shawkat Imam , Ahmed Tanvir
Published: November 2020

A study was conducted at the Madhupur deciduous forest, Tangail from April 2015 to October 2015. It was carried out. Formal and informal questionnaire survey was used to interview the forest staffs and local people of the peripheral villages of Madhupur forest. Habitat destruction due to expansion of agricultural land and illegal logging and firewood collection was the prime threats of primates’ conservation especially Langur endurance. Hunting by ethnic people for using food was another threat for primates’ survival. Diseases and road accident were additional cause of threats. Crop raid was the main factor for human primates’ conflict. Paddy, pineapple and jackfruits were severely damaged by primates as they spoiled more crops than they actually eat. Time and economic loss was due to engagement of people guarding the crop field till harvesting.

Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(1): 11-22, June 2017
ER, PR & HER2 Receptor status in recurrent breast cancer: Its relation to age & time of recurrence
Authors: Iqbal Abu Khaled Muhammad , Akhter Nasima , Ahmed Hasan Shahrear , Md Rassell - , Yahia AMM , Rahman Md Mizanur , Sayed MMA
Published: November 2020

Background: Malignant neoplastic lesions of the breast are one of the main causes of cancer death among women. In tumor cells the expression status of Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and c-ERBB2 (HER2/neu) are therapeutically and prognostically important markers affecting the treatment approach, management and prognosis of breast carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the relation of receptor status in recurrent breast cancer to age and time of recurrence. Methods: This study was conducted in National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICRH) and included 81 female patients between 20 to 75 years with recurrent breast cancer. Detection of receptor status of ER +ve/-ve, PR +ve/-ve, Her-2+ve/-ve was based on the immunohistochemistry staining of tissue samples of malignant neoplastic lesions prepared from tissue biopsies of patients with recurrent breast cancer. All the information were recorded through the pre-structured data collection sheet and analyzed.

Results: This study showed that most of the recurrent breast cancer patients were Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (39.5%) and among them most of them were younger patients. Younger patients with TNBC had increased risk of recurrence. Most of the recurrence occurred within 1-2 years.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that the assessment of the expression of these biornarkers in recurrent tumors provides reliable information for the treatment approach of locoregional tumors.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (1): 16-20
Scope of seecuve Conservative Management in Penetrating Abdominal Injury
Authors: Ariph Ghiyas Uddin , Matubber Md Mahiuddin , Bar Debashlsh , Saha Kalyan Kumar
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Now-a-days penetrating trauma is increasing because of increased incidence of violence in our society and a large number of these patients present in trauma centers with normal vital signs and negative abdominal examination. Historically operative management was the main approach for penetrating abdominal trauma, but in recent time non operative management is also gaining popularity.

Objective: This study was aimed to observe the scope of non-operative management of penetrating abdominal injury in a tertiary level hospital of Bangladesh.

Methods: 54 patients of penetrating abdominal injury were selected from the casualty department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Data were collected from these patients by a preformed questionnaire and finally the data were analyzed by SPSS 16.

Results: Among the 54 patients only 9 required exploration, where generalized peritonitis was the major cause of operation and the common organ found to be injured was small intestine.

Conclusion: Selective non-operative approach may be considered for patients with penetrating abdominal injury, provided that sufficient man power and expertise are available.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (1): 58-61
Ewing's sarcoma of fifth metacarpal in women: an unusual presentation
Authors: Mahmud Khaled , Iqbal Abu Khaled Muhammad , Alam Mohammad iftekar , Begum Arjuman Ara
Published: November 2020

Ewing's sarcoma is the second most common highly malignant primary mesenchymal bone tumor of childhood and adolescence affecting mainly the diaphysis of long and flat bones. This tumor is extraordinarily rare in small bones of the hand and presents as a swelling with atypical radiological features of cystic and lytic lesion with scanty periosteal reaction. Prognosis is greatly influenced by the presence of metastasis at presentation, further emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis. Multimodality treatment using surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy is currently recommended though no consensus exists. We report a case of Ewing's sarcoma of the 5th metacarpal bone in 40 years old lady which was initially missed and so there was delayed onset of treatment.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (1) : 70-72
Evaluation of Mean Platelet Volume Level as a Biomarker in Acute Appendicitis
Authors: Rahman Ayesha , Alam SM Syeed Ul , Shashi Sanjana Sharmin , Hossain AZM Mostaque , Sultana Salma
Published: November 2020

Background: Acute appendicitis is one of the important causes of emergency surgeries. Diagnosis of acute appendicitis remains to be challenging with up to 30% negative exploration rates. In addition to careful clinical history and physical examination, we still need easily applicable, cheap and effective biomarker. Complete blood count is the primary investigation for any inflammatory condition. Total WBC count and neutrophil percentage are widely used biomarkers to diagnose acute appendicitis. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an emerging biomarker that has been considered to be affected by inflammatory burden. MPV value is also estimated during complete blood count. This study may help to reveal the change of MPV in acute appendicitis.

Study design: This was a prospective observational type of study.

Study setting and period: The study was carried out in the Surgery In-patient Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka from 15-11-2013 till 15-04-2014.

Materials: A total of 150 patients of both sex aged 15-65 years who got admitted in the surgery department for acute appendicitis were selected. Pediatric patients (aged less than 14years), patients with co morbid illness like ischemic heart disease, inflammatory bowel disease, general peritonitis and the patients having lack of necessary investigations were excluded from the study.

Methods: The variables like total WBC count, neutrophil percentage, platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) of all 150 selected patients were noted after admission by doing complete blood count and compared with normal value. The appendix samples obtained after surgery were sent for histopathological confirmation and reports were collected.

Results: A total of 150 patients with the mean age of 25.72 (ranging 15-65) years were studied. Among them 93(62%) were male and 57(38%) were female. Mean MPV value was 11.7 ± 0.183 fL (p value 0.02). 122 patients have increased MPV value (81.33%). Among them 113 were eventually diagnosed as acute appendicitis. Negative exploration rate was 14%.Negative exploration was less among MPV raised patients (7.38%). Whereas negative exploration was more among normal MPV patients (21.42%).Total WBC count and neutriphil percentage are important biomarkers to diagnose acute appendicitis which is accepted. However this study revealed MPV value is an important biomarker in acute appendicitis also which is statistically significant and can reduce negative exploration.

Conclusion: In this study mean platelet volume increases in acute appendicitis. MPV can be used as a biomarker in diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 83-88
Treatment of Pilonidal Sinus by Limberg Flap-Only Hope of Cure (Study of 50 Cases)
Authors: Mahmud Nasir Uddin , Alam ABM Khurshid , Chawdhury Mohammad Altaf Hossain , Khair Mohammad Abul
Published: November 2020

Background : Pilonidal sinus was first described by Dr. A.W. Anderson in 1847 and is often seen in the intergluteal region. It is a disease of mainly younger male and rarely affects after 40. Main causes for the formation of this sinus are hirsutism, sweating in the area, repeated maceration due to trauma, leading to breakage of the skin barrier, attracting hair inside which initiates a foreign body reaction leading to infection with abscess or sinus formation. Most common embarrassing situation is discharging sinus. The diagnosis is mainly on clinical ground. Though there are a lot of modalities of treatment but recurrence is still a challenge. We have adopted Limberg flap technique since 2012 with a least recurrent chance.

Objectives : To prove that this procedure will be end up with lower morbidity & least chance of recurrence

Methods : This prospective study was done jointly by the Department of Surgery of Central Medical College and Comilla Medical College Hospital. In this series 50 patients were selected from July 2012 to June 2017.

Results : Out of 50 patients operated by Limberg flap technique 42(84%) were males and 8(16%) were females. Mean age was 27.3 years (range 18–37years). Of them,12(24%) were driver, 6(12%) police, 6(12%) teacher, 6(12%) student, 5(10%) worker, 4(8%) millitary army, 4(8%) housewife, 4 (8%)service holder, 2(4%) computer operator, 1(2%) doctor and 1(2%) were barber. In our study most common mode of presentation were chronic discharging sinuses 15(30%), beside this 12(24%) had multiple sinuses, 10(20%) had multiple pits,7(14%) had acute abscess and 6(12%) had unpleasant smell. Associated hirsutism were present in 30(60%) and absent in 20(40%) patients. One (2%) male patient had wound gap & discharge and six(12%) patients had flap edema. We have found no recurrence in follow up period.

Conclusion : Pilonidal sinus is a notoriously recurrent disease, so treatment by this flap technique is the only hope of cure with lower morbidity.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 89-94
Outcome of Surgically Treated 79 Patients of Hepatic Hydatidosis: A Single Center Tertiary Care Hospital Experience in Bangladesh
Authors: Rashid Md Mamunur , Rabbi Hashim , Ahmed AHM Tanvir , Goni Osman , Joya Masuda , Hussain Mohammad Sazzad , Raihan HM Sabbir , Hossain Md Nawshad , Ali Mohammad
Published: November 2020

Background: Proper patient selection for most appropriate treatment option for hepatic hydatid is crucial to ensure successful treatment outcome. Chemotherapy, newer approaches, like PAIR procedure, (puncture, aspiration, injection and reaspiration) laparoscopy are available. As the indications for these approaches are restricted, surgery remains the key treatment strategy with hope for complete cure. Radical surgical excision coupled with chemotherapy and long-term aggressive chemotherapy for partially resected ensures lowest morbidity and mortality.

Methods: This cross sectional observational study of 15-year single-institution experience, intended to further validate different surgical procedures in management of hydatid disease of liver and its outcome. Patients were randomly selected irrespective of their age, sex and mode of presentation. Different preferred surgical treatment modalities, perioperative complications, recurrences, and length of hospital stay were retrospectively analyzed.

Result: The study was carried out on 79 Bangladeshi patients diagnosed hepatic hydatidosis, treated surgically from January 2002 to December 2017 in BIRDEM General Hospital. Among them was no anastomotic leakage or mortality in the immediate postoperative period in our series.

Conclusion: This study revealed, proper case selection and consideration of risks-benefits, indicationscontraindications for each case of Hydatid cyst of liver, for making a decision for type and timing of surgery is key to successful outcome. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment strategy. Radical surgery is key to effective and successful outcome, ensures better quality of life and prevents recurrence of the disease.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 118-124
Linitis Plastica of The Stomach: A Review
Authors: Rahman Md Mizanur
Published: November 2020

Linitis plastica (LP) is a particular subtype of diffuse gastric cancer and is thought to have a separate entity in respect with its biological behaviour, pathology, presentation and treatment outcome. The poor prognosis of LP gastric cancer is due primarily to its advanced stage at diagnosis. The characteristic histopathological feature of this entity is cellular spread to the submucosa and stroma with minimal mucosal alterations accompanied by an excessive desmoplastic reaction. Despite recent research on alternative therapies, surgical resection appears the only potentially curative approach. Patient selection and multidisciplinary management are paramount when considering surgical resection in patients with gastric LP. The operative approach in patients with LP has historically been questioned because of the poor outcomes. The aim of this review is to highlight different dimension of linitis plastica stomach in respect to its definition, classification, clinico-pathological characters, diagnostic approaches and treatment outcome.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2018) Vol. 22 (2) : 125-138
Ethics in Assessment
Authors: Jamal ABM
Published: November 2020

Abstract not available

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23 (1) : 1-2
Evaluation of Breast Lumps by Ultrasound and Correlation with Histological Findings
Authors: Jahan Nelema , Rahman Md. Mamunur , Alam Mohammad Shahidul , Islam Md Saiful
Published: November 2020

Background: A breast lump is the most common symptom associated with both benign and malignant breast diseases. Therefore, a distinction of benign from malignant lump is of importance for proper management. Though a definitive diagnosis is possible with imaging for all the lesions, histopathological study is proven essential for confirming the diagnosis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of USG and histopathological findings of different breast lump in diagnosis and their comparison.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a period of one year from January 2017 to December 2017. A total of 116 patients were included in this study. All breast lumps underwent surgery and the ultrasound findings of these lumps were compared with the histopathological findings. Data were collected from these patients by a preformed questionnaire and finally the data were analyzed. Results: Out of 116 patients only 21 cases were reported as malignant in ultrasound report but histopathology revealed 31 malignant patients. On histopathological examination 10 benign cases turned out to be malignant.

Conclusion: The present study was undertaken to evaluate in diagnosing breast mass lesions individually by ultrasound and compared with histopathology for definitive management of a patient.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23 (1) : 10-12
Management and Outcome of Diabetic Foot-A Study of Hundred Case
Authors: Ali Mohammad , Rabby Md Jamal E , Zaman Md Masud , Salam Md Abdus , Hassan Md Kabirul , Rahman Md Mustafizur , Parvin Farida
Published: November 2020

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder that affect 1-2 percent of the population. It can give rise to many tissue complications among which foot is particularly vulnerable to circulatory and neurological disorder, so that even minor trauma can lead to ulceration and infection.

Methods: Between September 2008 and August 2009, 100 patients were undergone treatment for diabetic foot at department of Surgery, Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogra. This study included all the cases of diabetic foot irrespective of age, sex and diabetic status.

Results: After 12 weeks treatment 84% of patient were completely recovered, 2% developed abscess, 8% developed ulceration and 6% developed gangrene. Mean age of diabetic patients with foot ulcer is 50-60 years. Out of 100 cases 64% male and 36% female. Maximum number of patient (64%) had foot problems after suffering from diabetes mellitus for a period of 6-10 years.

Conclusion: The modalities of treatment of diabetic foot should be selected for each type of pathology depending on the pattern of presentations of diabetic foot. Careful selection of treatment modalities can reduce the rate of diabetic foot complications and improve the quality of life of diabetic patients.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23 (1) : 25-28
Basic Surgical Training: Our Perspective
Authors: Faruk Imtiaz
Published: November 2020

Abstract not available

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23(2): 46
Laparoscopic management of perforated appendicitis-a study of 90 cases
Authors: Khan Md Manir Hossain , Sultana Jobaida , Ahsan Tazin , Ahsan SM Abu
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Acute appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency in the world. It may cause potential risk for patients due to its life threaten complications like burst (perforation). The perforated appendicitis often leads to serious infectious complication like abdominal sepsis, pelvic abscess & etc. There are concerns of using laparoscopic appendectomy to perforated appendicitis. Now a days laparoscopic management of perforated appendicitis is the standard surgical option in many countries. Laparoscopic procedure has tremendous advantages over the open procedure regarding its diagnosis, exclusion of additional pathology, surgical treatment, wound infection (port infection), hospital stay & overall patient’s satisfaction. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the role and application of laparoscopy in the management of complicated appendicitis (perforation).

Methods: It is a prospective study conducting during January 2011 to May 2019 in BSMMU and some private hospitals of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It includes 90 patients in whom laparoscopic appendicectomy & peritoneal lavage was performed. Three ports technique were usual. Sometimes 4th port is required. 10 mm port is telescopic port. The other one is 3/5 mm port and another one is 5/10 mm port.Energy source is unipolar diathermy. Intracorporeal knotting, endoloop and haemoclip are used for haemostosis& ligating appendicular stump.

Results: Age distribution of the study is 3-90 years, mean 17 years. Male is predominant. Duration varies 10-120 minutes, mean 70 minutes. Duration varies 30-120 minutes, mean 70 minutes. Hospital stay varies from 48-96 hours, mean 64 hours. There were 8 complications- single (5, 5.55%) or multiple (3, 3.33%) port infections, paralytic ileus (2, 2.22%) and diarrhea (1, 1.11%), port TB was identified (3, 3.33%) cases among the port infection. Conversion was 1 (1.11%) for controlling haemorrhage of burst appendicitis. All complications are managed conservatively.

Conclusion: Total management of perforated appendicitis by laparoscopy is excellent. So it is achievable, feasible & can be done by expert hand in any center. Now it is considered as standard procedure.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23(2): 59-66
The Student Room Survey: Changes in the Post Graduate Study for Cardiothoracic Surgery
Authors: Sazzad Md Faizus , Mohammed Moniruzzaman - , Choudhury Dewan Iftakher Raza , Mohiuddin Arif Ahmed , Rahman Raafi , Khan Omar Sadeque , Salekin Sirajus , Mohammad Musa Samsul Arif , Russel Saklayen
Published: November 2020

Background: The number of postgraduate students in Cardiac surgical discipline is increasing day by day with incremental proportion are measurably suffering from the unnecessary lingering of the present course curriculum. The primary objective of this study was to find out the last 5 years’ of results of Masters in Surgery course under the University of Dhaka from a student room survey. A secondary objective was to find out positive changes that could show us the way of a step toward up-gradation. Methods: It is a retrospective analysis of all examination results of Cardio-vascular & Thoracic Surgery published since January 2008 to January 2013 from the University of Dhaka with in depth interview of 11 participants.

Results: 85.24% students failed to pass part-I of Masters in Surgery for Cardio-vascular & Thoracic Surgery course while, 82.18% in part-II and 71.28% failed to pass the final part. Average 2.51 attempts needed to complete each part of the designed course resulted into lingering of course duration for 42.18 months/student. In the thoracic surgery discipline the number of students alarmingly reduced up to 0% in the recent academic sessions.

Conclusions: Masters in Surgery is resulting in unnecessary prolongation of the course. We should step forward to meet the next generation challenge.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23(2): 71-74
Comparison of pre and post-operative ODS (Obstructed Defecation Syndrome) score in patient with ODS undergoing Stapled Transanal Rectal Resection (STARR)
Authors: Islam Md Touhidul , Sheikh Shahadat Hossain , Taher Md Abu , Khan Tariq Akhter , Habib Md Ahsan , Mohammad Ali - , Faruque Omar , Dara Ashraful Haque
Published: November 2020

Background: There are a variety of surgical approaches for correction of ODS, most of these have high recurrence and complication rates. Stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) was introduced in 2003 by Antonio Longo as a minimally invasive transanal operation for ODS associated with rectocele and or rectal intussusception.

Objective: This study was designed to assess the efficacy of Stapled Transanal Rectal Resection (STARR) as a surgical treatment of Obstructed Defecation Syndrome(ODS).

Methodology: This is a quasi experimental study that was carried out at Colorectal surgery unit of surgery department in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University. The sample size was 17. The admitted patient of Obstructed Defecation Syndrome with Rectocele and or Rectal intussusception was selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patient was evaluated by history, clinical examination, proctoscopy, colonoscopy and defecography. Preoperative Longo’s ODS score was determined for each patient and it was compared with postoperative ODS score. Regular follow up was done for each patient at one, three and six months after each operation.

Results: Significant improvement of ODS score was observed in 82.35% patients. Only 02 (11.8%) patients didn’t respond to STARR procedure and their postoperative score was 13-15 may be due to coexistence of pelvic floor dysynergy. Postoperative defecatory urgency developed only in 02(11.76%) patients. No patient developed significant postoperative complication like hemorrhage or rectovaginal fistula.

Conclusion: STARR is a simple, less invasive and effective procedure for the treatment of ODS due to rectocele and/or rectal intussusception without major morbidity but pelvic floor dyssynergy should be excluded preoperatively because it’s presence makes the surgical intervention fruitless.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23(2): 67-70
Management of Delayed Priapism
Authors: Sarker Ashok Kumar , Zim Hasnat Zaman
Published: November 2020

Priapism is a disorder of persistent penile erection unrelated to sexual interest or desire. This pathologic condition, specifically the ischemic variant, is often associated with devastating complications, notably erectile dysfunction. This case is about a 35 year old gentleman who presented with four day old priapism. He was tried with irrigation and aspiration in another hospital with unsatisfactory resolution of the condition. Following admission duplex study was done which confirmed low flow priapism. After thorough evaluation glanulocavernous shunt shunt was done and detumescence of the penis was established within first 24 hour.

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23(2): 100-103
Society News Vol 23(2)
Authors: Sultana Salma
Published: November 2020

Abstract not available

Journal of Surgical Sciences (2019) Vol. 23(2): 105
Efecto de agentes remineralizantes a base de fosfato de calcio sobre la dentina
Authors: Escalante Otárola Wilfredo Gustavo , Castro Núñez Gabriela Mariana , Carlos Kuga Milton
Published: November 2020

Objetivos: Evaluar los efectos de agentes remineralizantes a base de fosfato de calcio en la obliteración de túbulos dentinarios y dispersión de energía en la dentina cervical. Material y métodos: Treinta especímenes de dentina cervical bovina fueron previamente erosionados (ácido clorhídrico al 0,6 %, pH 2,3; 5 min) y divididos aleatoriamente en 3 grupos (n = 10): Control – sin tratamiento, NP – Desensibilize Nano P (FGM®) y RD – MI Paste Plus (RecaldentTM). Los tratamientos fueron aplicados en cuatro sesiones con intervalos de 7 días. Los especímenes fueron analizados por microscopia electrónica de barrido (MEB) y espectroscopia de rayos X de energía dispersiva (EDX). Resultados: Los grupos NP e RD mostraron mayor obliteración de túbulos dentinarios que el grupo control (p < 0,05). Las concentraciones de Ca/P fueron similares entre todos los grupos evaluados. Conclusiones: Los agentes remineralizantes a base de fosfato de calcio demostraron ser una alternativa promisoria en la obliteración de túbulos dentinarios.
Determinación del biotipo facial según el índice VERT de Ricketts y el ángulo de apertura facial
Authors: Calla Enriquez Wilber Dante
Published: November 2020

Objetivo: Determinar el biotipo facial según el índice VERT de Ricketts y el ángulo de apertura facial en pacientes de la Clínica Odontológica de la Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann en el año 2017. Material y métodos: Estudio de tipo no experimental, descriptivo, comparativo y transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 94 pacientes (38 hombres y 56 mujeres). Se utilizó el índice VERT de Ricketts para registrar y evaluar los cinco valores cefalométricos que determinan el biotipo facial a través de tejidos blandos y en una fotografía facial en norma frontal estandarizada para valorar el ángulo de apertura facial. Resultados: La aplicación del coeficiente de Kappa ponderado para evaluar la concordancia diagnóstica entre ambos análisis, reveló ausencia de acuerdo o concordancia (k = - 0,61) entre el índice VERT de Ricketts y el ángulo de apertura facial. También se observó ausencia respecto al sexo masculino (k = - 0,197) y femenino (k = - 0,033). Conclusiones: No existe concordancia diagnóstica del biotipo facial entre el índice VERT de Ricketts y el ángulo de apertura facial (p > 0,05), tanto en relación al sexo masculino como al femenino (p > 0,05).
Cicatrización periodontal en pacientes con diabetes mellitus
Authors: Falcón Guerrero Britto , Quea Ticona Sandra , Quispe Quispe Mitsthi , Nina Charca Solange , Medina Condori Willy , Tito Mamani Niria , Pérez Ticona Daniela
Published: November 2020

La diabetes es una enfermedad crónica, común y compleja, que cada vez tiene más presencia dentro de la población mundial debido a los desórdenes alimenticios de las personas. Esta enfermedad también tiene un efecto adverso en los tejidos periodontales y sobre todo en el proceso de cicatrización, lo cual afecta la formación del colágeno y a los factores de crecimiento. La cicatrización es el proceso por el cual ocurre el reemplazo de tejido afectado por uno nuevo a fin de restablecer su función; por tanto, es importante que este proceso no sea alterado. En ese sentido, el objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una revisión bibliográfica actualizada en motores de búsqueda de revistas indexadas (PubMed y SciELO) buscando evidenciar la relación entre la diabetes y la cicatrización de los tejidos periodontales en pacientes diabéticos. Al término de este proceso de revisión, se concluye que la diabetes es un factor de riesgo para una adecuada cicatrización de los tejidos periodontales. Asimismo, se resalta la importancia de verificar un nivel de glucosa estable en el paciente antes de realizar un procedimiento quirúrgico, a efecto de evitar que se presenten resultados adversos en el posoperatorio.