bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends in incidence and prevalence of type 1 diabetes between 1999 and 2019 based on the Childhood Diabetes Registry of Saxony, Germany
Authors: Manuwald Ulf , Schoffer Olaf , Kugler Joachim , Riemenschneider Henna , Kapellen Thomas Michael , Kiess Wieland , Rothe Ulrike
Published: December 2021

Objective

The Childhood Diabetes Registry of Saxony has been existing since 1999. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence rates, cohort and point prevalence, and the trends of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents based on the registry data over the past 21 years.

Methods

A completeness check of the Childhood Diabetes Registry of Saxony for the observation period 2012–2019 was performed using the capture-recapture method. The age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 person years (PY) were estimated for the observation period 1999–2019. Prevalence was estimated per 100,000 children and adolescents as the point prevalence of five consecutive years, and as a cohort prevalence for the birth cohorts, which result from the difference of age and year at diagnosis. Trend analyses were executed using join point regression.

Results

A completeness of 98% (95% CI 89–100) was determined for the period from 2012 to 2019. The standardized incidence rate of type 1 diabetes among children and adolescents increased from 17.1 per 100,000 PY in 1999 to 24.7 per 100,000 PY in 2019. If this trend continues, the incidence rate will increase to 34.8 (95% CI 24.4–49.6) per 100,000 PY in 2030. The point prevalence of 5 consecutive years did not show a continuous trend over time. According to this method, the prevalence reached a plateau in the last segment (2013–2019). The calculation of cohort prevalence indicated a continuous increase from 2013 to 2019 with no significant statistical difference in terms of sex.

Conclusion

The point prevalence and the last incidence rates indicate that type 1 diabetes of children and adolescents is slowing down or has reached a plateau in Saxony. Nevertheless, the cohort prevalence predicts a steady increase. Future studies should continue investigating these trends in a longer observation period and consider including possible correlating environmental factors.
inmunidades y privilegios económicos de la iglesia en la Edad Moderna
Authors: Pineda Alfonso José Antonio
Published: December 2021

Este trabajo describe y analiza algunos de los mecanismos utilizados por la Iglesia sevillana en la Baja Edad Media y primera Edad Moderna para mantener sus privilegios fiscales y económicos. La extensión del fuero a los colectivos con los que mantenían vínculos económicos ponía bajo el control de los jueces eclesiásticos a las personas y a las actividades que se realizaban. De esta forma, las instituciones eclesiásticas intentaron extender su jurisdicción a distintos colectivos seglares como forma de establecer lazos y clientelas reforzando su influencia social. La ciudad respondió defendiendo su jurisdicción y su capacidad impositiva para no ver mermados sus ingresos fiscales. La Corona actuó como árbitro en la disputa, ratificando los privilegios económicos de la Iglesia, pero también protegiendo a la ciudad de la intromisión de los jueces eclesiásticos en la jurisdicción real.
Azogue para América colonial
Authors: Silvestre Madrid María , Almansa Rodriguez Emiliano
Published: December 2021

El descubrimiento de la amalgamación, en 1556, en la mina de plata de Pachuca (Nueva España) produjo un brusco aumento en la demanda de azogue, de manera que Almadén pasó a ser un gran establecimiento minero. El objetivo de este artículo es el estudio de la primera parte del largo viaje del azogue entre Almadén y América, correspondiente al tramo terrestre entre Almadén y Sevilla, cuya distancia es casi 300 kilómetros. Los caminos de la Edad Moderna eran de firme y trazado deficientes, a lo que habría que añadir los incidentes y conflictos surgidos entre los carreteros y arrieros con los dueños de las tierras por donde transitaban. Además, el transporte del azogue (metal líquido y pesado) era muy dificultoso, envasado en bolsas de cuero, hasta que a finales del XVIII comenzaron a utilizarse frascos de hierro colado. Pese a todo, la Corona logro abastecer de suficiente azogue a las minas de plata americanas
The self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system of Petiveria alliacea extract reduced the homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance value, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α level in diabetic rat models
Authors: Mustika Arifa , Fatimah Nurmawati , Sari Gadis Meinar
Published: December 2021

Background and Aim: Metaflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis, development, and complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). This inflammation is associated with insulin resistance. Therefore, the inflammatory pathways have been targeted for pharmacological treatment. Petiveria alliacea can decrease blood glucose levels and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities; however, there are still insufficient data regarding its efficacy for the treatment of DM. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of P. alliacea leaf extract on the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA)-insulin resistance (IR) value and interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-five diabetic rat models were randomly divided into five groups. The first group received the SNEDDS of P. alliacea leaf extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight (BW), the second group received it at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW, the third group received it at a dose of 200 mg/kg BW, the fourth group received 18 mg of metformin, and the fifth group only received the SNEDDS formula. The treatment was administered once a day, orally, for 14 days. On the 15th day after treatment, the rats were sacrificed to obtain blood samples for cardiac examination. The IL-6, TNF-α, and insulin levels in the serum were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The HOMA-IR value was calculated using a formula.

Results: The mean IL-6 and TNF-α levels were low in the group that received the SNEDDS of P. alliacea leaf extract. There was no significant difference in the insulin level in all treatment and control groups. However, a significant difference in the HOMA-IR value was noted between the group that received the SNEDDS of P. alliacea leaf extract and metformin and the group that did not receive treatment (p<0.05).

Conclusion: The SNEDDS of P. alliacea leaf extract reduced the HOMA-IR value and suppressed the TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the STZ-induced diabetic rat model.
Culture of spermatogonial stem cells and use of surrogate sires as a breeding technology to propagate superior genetics in livestock production: A systematic review
Authors: Nakami Wilkister , Kipyegon Ambrose Ng'eno , Nguhiu-Mwangi James , Tiambo Christian , Kemp Stephen
Published: December 2021

Background and Aim: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have previously been isolated from animals' testes, cultured in vitro, and successfully transplanted into compatible recipients. The SSC unique characteristic has potential for exploitation as a reproductive tool and this can be achieved through SSC intratesticular transplantation to surrogate sires. Here, we aimed at comprehensively analyzing published data on in vitro maintenance of SSC isolated from the testes of livestock animals and their applications.

Materials and Methods: The literature search was performed in PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar electronic databases. Data screening was conducted using Rayyan Intelligent Systematic Review software (https://www.rayyan.ai/). Duplicate papers were excluded from the study. Abstracts were read and relevant full papers were reviewed for data extraction.

Results: From a total of 4786 full papers screened, data were extracted from 93 relevant papers. Of these, eight papers reported on long-term culture conditions (>1 month) for SSC in different livestock species, 22 papers on short-term cultures (5-15 days), 10 papers on transfection protocols, 18 papers on transplantation using different methods of preparation of livestock recipients, and five papers on donor-derived spermatogenesis.

Conclusion: Optimization of SSC long-term culture systems has renewed the possibilities of utilization of these cells in gene-editing technologies to develop transgenic animals. Further, the development of genetically deficient recipients in the endogenous germline layer lends to a future possibility for the utilization of germ cell transplantation in livestock systems.
Geothermal Reservoir Identification based on Gravity Data Analysis in Rajabasa Area- Lampung
Authors: Sarkowi Muh , Wibowo Rahmat Catur
Published: December 2021

Gravity research in the Rajabasa geothermal prospect area was conducted to determine geothermalreservoirs and faults as reservoir boundaries. The research includes spectrum analysis and separation of the Bouguer anomaly to obtain a residual Bouguer anomaly, gradient analysis using the second vertical derivative (SVD) technique to identify fault structures or lithological contact, and 3D inversion modeling of the residual Bouguer anomaly to obtain a 3D density distribution subsurface model. Analysis was performed based on all results with supplementary data from geology, geochemistry, micro-earthquake (MEQ) epicenter distribution map, and magnetotelluric (MT) inversion profiles. The study found 3 (three) geothermal reservoirs in Mount Balirang, west of Mount Rajabasa, and south of Pangkul Hot Spring, with a depth of around 1,000-1,500 m from the ground level. Fault structures and lithologies separate the three reservoirs. The location of the reservoir in the Balirang mountain area corresponds to the model data from MEQ, temperature, and magnetotelluric resistivity data. The heat source of the geothermal system is under Mount Rajabasa, which is indicated by the presence of high-density values (might be frozen residual magma), high-temperature values, and the high number of micro-earthquakes epicenters below the peak of Mount Rajabasa.
DISCOVERY OF A NEW MAYFLY SPECIES (EPHEMEROPTERA, BAETIDAE)NEAR CENDERAWASIH UNIVERSITY CAMPUS IN PAPUA, INDONESIA
Authors: Kaltenbach Thomas , Surbakti Suriani , Gattolliat Jean-Luc , Sartori Michel , Balke Michael
Published: December 2021

Material collected just behind the Cenderawasih University campus in Jayapura, Papua Province, Indonesia, revealed a new species of the Labiobaetis claudiae group, which is here described and illustrated based on larvae, subimago, male and female imagos. The total number of Labiobaetis species on the island New Guinea increased to 33, the total number for Indonesia increased to 26, and the total number of Labiobaetis species worldwide is augmented to 147. A key to the larvae of the L. claudiae group is provided. The interspecific K2P distances between species of the L. claudiae group are between 20% and 23%.
Is entrepreneurship an emerging area of research? A computational response
Authors: Souza Roney Fraga , Ballini Rosangela , Silveira José Maria Ferreira Jardim , Teixeira Aurora Amélia Castro
Published: December 2021

Objective: We aim to answer four questions. First, with the increasing number of publications, is there a concentration in specific subjects, or on the contrary, a dispersion, amplifying the span of themes related to entrepreneurship? Second, is there a hierarchy of subjects, in the sense that some of them constitute the “core” of entrepreneurship? Third, are they connected with other established research areas? Finally, it is possible to identify papers that are influential, acting as hubs in the cluster’s formation? Method: We developed an original version of the computational procedure proposed by Shibata et al (2008), which allows us to understand the diversity of the different sub-areas of the topic investigated, reducing the need for specialist supervision. Originality / Relevance: We developed and applied a method to capture the formation and evolution of research areas in entrepreneurship literature, via direct citation networks, allowing us to understand the iteration between the different research sub-areas. Results: The dispersion is a feature of entrepreneurship as field research, with a hierarchy between research areas, indicating an emergent organization in the expansion processes. We concluded that research on entrepreneurship consists of specialization, that is, by application in niches.
Undertaking a business or not? Which is the best option? Analysis of the entrepreneurial intention profile of employees of startups and information technology companies in Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Rosa Juliana Ribeiro da , Fleck Carolina Freddo
Published: December 2021

Purpose: to investigate the entrepreneurial intention profile of the employees of startups and small companies in the technology segment of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, when they working to an organization. Methodology: descriptive research, using a quantitative approach, using the survey method. The data collection instrument was the questionnaire, based on the model by Kristiansen & Indarti (2004). Findings: the results demonstrate that more than 60% of the respondents intend to undertake, especially when perceiving themselves as a desired professional in the job market. Theoretical contributions: the study contributes theoretically to studies of entrepreneurial intent in Brazil, mainly because it provides a view outside the sphere of higher education institutions, the setting for most of the studies already published. Originality: when conducting a survey of data on Startups and Small Companies in the Technology segment, in the State of Rio Grande de Sul, it was found a small number of employees involved in the operations of these businesses, but with a good percentage interested in undertaking. Contributions to management: the study contributes to the advance of management in the sectors of startups and the technology area of Rio Grande do Sul, by identifying that incentive work and skills development can generate new business partnerships within the startups themselves, generating growth and competitive potential.
Strategic role of IT and IT governance mechanisms for the context of small and medium enterprises
Authors: Silva Humberto Caetano Cardoso da , Dornelas Jairo Simião , Araújo Marcus Augusto Vasconcelos
Published: December 2021

The role of small and medium-sized enterprises in the economy is indisputable. However, these companies face great challenges to continue operating. Among them is the use of IT resources and the return on investments made. Using agency theory as a theoretical lens, this article aims to assess the relationship between the strategic use of IT in small and medium-sized companies and the IT governance mechanisms used in the context. From a survey of 68 companies in the service sector, it was possible to identify that relational IT governance mechanisms are more present in the context than structural or procedural mechanisms. It was also possible to identify that information technology, in the context, has a more operational use. Finally, using the Spearman coefficient and the Logistic Regression analyses, it was found that higher strategic levels of IT use led to greater use of governance mechanisms in the three dimensions, structural, procedural, and relational, which corroborates the view that governance is achieved from a mix of formal and informal elements.
An analysis of international scientific production on business accelerators from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Noronha Matheus Eurico Soares de , Rodrigues Cristina Doritta , Longo Leonardo Reis , Avrichir Ilan
Published: December 2021

Purpose: This research aims to develop an overview of the scientific articles on “Business Accelerators”, mapping the academic contributions already made, organizing and systematizing them to show the state of the art of the phenomenon of acceleration of startups.
Design/methodology/approach: The methodological approach is qualitative, and the method used is a descriptive systematic literature review. Data were collected on the Scopus and Web of Science databases, between 1990 and 2019. Data collection presented a sample of 403 articles that, after applying exclusion criteria, consolidated into 95 articles.
Originality/value: Considering the wide spread of business accelerators in the world, the systematization of the literature made it possible to present the supporting pillars of the accelerators, which allows for an advance in the study of the subject and facilitates the foundation for conducting future research that can also use the suggestions of research carried out.
Findings: The results show the acceleration processes, consolidated in a structural acceleration model that is based on four pillars decomposed into eight processes worked by organizations, from the definitions in the literature.
Research, Practical & Social implications: The main theoretical contribution is the presentation of the structural acceleration model, followed by the panorama of international publications in the area and identification of new opportunities for future research in the area of entrepreneurship and innovation.
A New Environment of Blockchain based Multi Encryption Data Transferring
Authors: Jawdhari Hayder A. , Abdullah Alharith A.
Published: December 2021

Blockchain is one of the technologies provided by the global distribution of computing power. Simply put, the blockchain is the digital ledger in which transactions are recorded. It all started with a desire to see a new form of security system for transferring confidential files. It aims to achieve many goals like decreasing the process time for transferring files to the other party, and reducing the overall expenses as the files are only transferred across the blockchain network with no need for the files to be uploaded and downloaded to the drive. More effective applications have the ability to share files via the technology of Blockchain. The great challenge is to build a private blockchain environment to send files and distribute them securely between parties, such as military institutions and others. In this paper, a private blockchain is built to overcome the side of the security through a secured file-sharing network. This private Blockchain can be utilized at various institutions. A high scale of security is obtained through using an important algorithm that takes into consideration a critical part of the field of cryptography to robustly encrypt the files. The latter ensures that no individual except for the receiver has the ability to access the files. As well, a sufficient speed was obtained when transferring the files, as compared to Ethereum with FTP. Finally, smart contracts have been designed to suit the transfer of files between nodes.
Plant growth promotion of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by potassium solubilizing bacteria with multifarious plant growth promoting attributes
Authors: Kaur Tanvir , Devi Rubee , Kour Divjot , Yadav Ashok , Yadav Ajar Nath
Published: December 2021

Potassium (K) is the foremost macronutrients for growth of plant, soil health and fertility. The huge application of NPK chemical fertilizers negatively impacts the economy and is a threat to environmental sustainability. The rapid depletion of K mineral in soil is due to the application of agrochemicals agricultural fields for the production of crops in India. In present investigation, K-solubilizing microbes (KSM) were isolated and enumerated from cereal crops growing in Sirmour Himachal Pradesh. A total 125 bacteria were isolated and screened for K- solubilization on Aleksandrov agar plates and found that 31 bacterial strains exhibited K-solubilization. These 31 K-solubilizing strains of bacteria were additionally screened for other plant growth promoting (PGP) potential including solubilization of minerals, production of siderophores, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and indole acetic acids. The performance of an efficient K-solubilizer was evaluated for plant growth promoting ability in pot assay under in vitro conditions. The strain EU-LWNA-25 positively influenced shoot length, fresh weight, carotenoids and total sugar content than the full dose, half dose and control. The strain enhancing physiological and growth parameters was identified by BLASTn analysis as Pseudomonas gessardii EU-LWNA-25. K-solubilizing plant growth promoting bacteria could be suitable bioinoculants for Rabi seasonal crops and overcomes the challenges of sustainable agriculture in K-deficient soil.
„Język to sznur pod dzwon”. Krytycznoliteracka próba (re)konstrukcji tożsamości pokoleniowej polskiej poezji najmłodszej
Authors: Poręba Karol
Published: December 2021

W artykule krótko zaprezentowano kilka najszerzej dyskutowanych inicjatyw formacyjnych w poezji polskiej po roku 1989, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem najnowszej poezji zaangażowanej. Autor wiąże pojęcie „pokolenie” z problematyką tożsamości, ale w przeciwieństwie do tradycyjnego ujęcia Kazimierza Wyki rozumie ją nie tyle jako efekt doświadczenia generacyjnego, ale przede wszystkim jako element projektu tożsamościowego. Stawia tezę, że pokoleniowość poetek i poetów współczesnych należy rozumieć w kategoriach konwencji, mającej na celu wpisanie biografii jednostek w szerszy kontekst biografii wspólnotowej, a także będącej programem kolektywnego zaangażowania w życie społeczne i polityczne. Tak rozumiane pojęcie „pokolenie” przestaje być wyłącznie historycznoliteracką etykietą i stanowić może istotną kategorię analityczną.
Has the University Become Surplus to Requirements? Or Is Another University Possible?
Authors: Szadkowski Krystian , Hall Richard
Published: December 2021

This article contends that the University has become a place that has no socially-useful role beyond the reproduction of capital, such that it has become an anti-human project. The argument pivots around the bureaucratic university’s desire for surplus, and its relationship to the everyday, academic reality of feeling surplus to requirements. In defining the contours of this contradiction, inside the normalisation of political economic crisis, we question whether there still exists space for an academic method or mode of subjectivation. We also critique the ability of the University in the global North to bring itself into relation with the epistemological sensibilities of the South and the East, which can treat other ways of seeing and praxis with dignity and respect. In grappling with the idea of surplus, and the everyday and structural ways in which its production is made manifest, we seek to ask whether another university is possible?
Gdzie rozgrywa się akcja Dzieci szatana Stanisława Przybyszewskiego? Destrukcja i rekonstrukcja świata przedstawionego
Authors: Wedemann Marek
Published: December 2021

One of the characteristics that make Stanisław Przybyszewski’s novels stand out from other contemporary works is the deliberately limited description of the outside world up to the point of blurring the identity of the location where the plot of a given work takes place. In the case of Dzieci Szatana (Satan’s Children), (German Satans Kinder, 1897; Polish edition 1899), one may even talk about ‘a total destruction of the represented world’ (Gabriela Matuszek). At the same time, the author’s numerous comments apparently allow for translating this ‘destruction’ happening in the course of the creative process into a ‘reconstruction’ that corresponds to it in the process of reading. It is through reviewing in more detail and combining various pieces of information included in Dzieci Szatana that directly or indirectly refer to the place of action, as well as confronting them with the biographical, historical and geographic contexts that one may identify with surprising precision the exact place represented in the text and, as a result, to uncover an entirely new aspect of novel axiology.
Designing functional wood materials for novel engineering applications
Authors: Panzarasa Guido , Burgert Ingo
Published: December 2021

Wood has great potential to become a key material for future bio-economy, thanks especially to its intrinsic renewability and CO2-storing capacity. Improved functionalization treatments can make wood materials valid substitutes for less ecofriendly ones, expanding and widening their application range. However, further research is needed. This mini-review highlights some of the most recent developments in the design of functional wood materials, critically discussing their current limitations and obstacles to their implementation.
A brief overview on the development of wood research
Authors: Mai Carsten , Schmitt Uwe , Niemz Peter
Published: December 2021

Wood science covers in particular the areas of the formation and composition as well as the chemical, biological and physical-mechanical properties of wood. First comprehensive studies have already been published in the last century. Detailed knowledge of wood is required for the processing of wood, the production of wood-based materials, and the utilization of wood and wood-based materials as buildings and various other products such as furniture. This review gives a brief overview on the progress in wood chemistry, wood biology (including photosynthesis and biodeterioration), and physical-mechanical properties of wood and wood-based materials. These fundamentals are also essential for understanding technological processes and product development.
Comparative flavor analysis of four kinds of sweet fermented grains by sensory analysis combined with GC-MS
Authors: Wang Lei , Yang Ke , Liu Liu
Published: December 2021

Four types of cereals (glutinous rice, purple rice, red rice, yellow millet) were selected to produce sweet fermented grains. Flavor profiles of sweet fermented grains are comparatively studied to distinguish various flavor types by using GC-MS, electronic nose (E-nose), and sensory analysis, and the amino acid composition and physicochemical properties of sweet fermented grains were analyzed. The results showed that the volatile compounds of sweet fermented grains were significantly different. Esters and alcohols were the major volatile compounds in sweet fermented grains. The electronic nose, electronic tongue and sensory analysis jointly verified that the volatile components of sweet fermented grains had differences between them. The sweet fermented grains could be classified based on differences in volatile compounds. In the amino acids analysis, Glu, Pro, Asp and Leu were the most abundant. The difference in physicochemical properties is more helpful to distinguish different types of sweet fermented grains. Correlation analysis between antioxidant active substances and color value showed a positive correlation between with a* value, and a negative correlation with L*, b* value. Our results suggested that there were differences in the flavor characteristics of sweet fermented grains fermented from different types of cereals. The results of the study will provide valuable information for the selection of raw materials for sweet fermented grains.
Morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of electrospun polyvinylidene/polyethylene glycol composite nanofibers as form-stabilized phase change materials
Authors: Liu Xing , Yin Qi’an , Wang Chaoming , Hu Zhanjiang , Cai Zhengyu
Published: December 2021

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) form-stabilized composite phase change nanofibers with various mass percentage of PEG1000 (with average molecular weight of 1000) loadings were fabricated by electrospinning technique, in which PEG was served as phase change material (PCM) and PVDF as the supporting matrix to afford a mechanically strong structure. Effect of PEG1000 content on nanofiber morphology, phase transition properties, thermal stability, thermal energy storage and release performance, and mechanical properties were studied experimentally. The results showed that the incorporation of PEG1000 improved the spinning solution viscosity and high mass fraction of PEG1000 in the nanofibers led to decreased fiber diameter and melting temperature, and higher latent heat of fusion. In addition, mechanical test revealed that the fracture elongation of the electrospun PVDF/PEG composite nanofibrous membranes were initially increased with unobvious tensile strength changes, while the value of the elongation would decrease, and the tensile strength increase as the mass ratio of PVDF/PEG lower to 1:1. Furthermore, the melting temperature and maximum latent heat for PVDF/PEG were determined from DSC measurement as 51.8 °C, and 73.3 J/g, when the mass radio of PVDF/PEG was 1:1 (w/w), which was suitable utilized for thermo-regulating textiles or in heat storage devices.
Growth performance of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivated in water from ex-sand pit lakes by phytoremediation treatments
Authors: Maharani Henni Wijayanti , Hasani Qadar , Aimma Muhammad Ariful , Utomo Deny Sapto Chondro , Santoso Limin , Kartini Nidya , Kausar Radho Al
Published: December 2021

Utilization of ex-sand pit lakes for aquaculture is difficult due to low water quality and high concentrations of iron (Fe). Phytoremediation using aquatic plants has been proven to be effective in reducing Fe in waters. This study aims to determine the growth, feed conversion efficiency and survival rate of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultured with ex-sand mining water media with phytoremediation treatment. Phytoremediation treatment was carried out by Eichhornnia crassipes, Azolla pinnata, and Salvinia molesta. Fish culture experiments were carried out in plastic tarpaulin tanks for 40 days, with ad satiation feeding, three times a day using the commercial feed. The results showed that phytoremediation with aquatic plants had succeeded in reducing Fe to a level suitable for fish culture. Fish culture experiments showed an absolute length growth rate of 0.09-0.18 cm/day and an absolute weight growth rate of 0.11-0.16 g/day. The feed conversion ratio was 1.18-1.40 and the survival rate was 98.04-99.08%. The survival rate of tilapia is high, the feed conversion ratio is medium and growth is low. The high environmental temperature and the decrease in water quality due to the absence of water changes and aeration are suspected of causing the low growth of fish. Therefore, further research with water change and aeration experiments and the use of other species of fish is needed to follow up the results of this study.
Identification of subsidence hazard zone by integrating engineering geological mapping and electrical resistivity tomography in Gunung Kidul karst area, Indonesia
Authors: Wilopo Wahyu , Putra Doni Prakasa Eka , Fathani Teuku Faisal , Widodo Slamet , Pratama Galeh Nur Indriatno Putra , Nugroho Maris Setyo , Prihadi Wisnu Rachmad
Published: December 2021

The presence of natural cavities in karst morphology may cause severe civil engineering and environmental management problems. Karst formations will limit the expansion of urbanization, especially infrastructure development in limestone areas. Geophysical methods, especially electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) techniques, are effective and efficient solutions to detect voids below the surface. This study aimed to develop a subsidence hazard map as basic information for infrastructure development. The identification was made by measuring electrical resistivity tomography on eight profiles in the infrastructure development plan. In addition, it was also supported by geological mapping, particularly the structural geology and types of rocks around the site. The research area consists of massive limestone, bedded limestone, and cavity limestone with generally north-south joints. The analysis of geological mapping data and electrical resistivity tomography measurements showed that the cavity limestone was identified with a north-south elongated pattern in line with the fracture pattern found on the surface at the research area. The surface lithology type, the geological structures density, and the subsurface lithology were used to develop a subsidence hazard map. This information is beneficial in determining the safe location of infrastructure development based on disaster risk mitigation.
Multi-criteria decision making for determining landfill location in Malaka Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province of Indonesia
Authors: Rame Leonarda Sofiani , Widiatmaka W , Hartono Arief , Firmansyah Irman
Published: December 2021

The absence of a landfill has increased the illegal waste disposal sites in Malaka Regency, which was established between 2013 and 2021. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze suitable and available land for the development of a landfill. The methodology used consisted of 2 analysis steps, namely land suitability and land availability. Land suitability was analyzed using a multi-criteria decision-making method, which included the slope, stone type/geology, lithology, soil type, soil texture, soil depth, soil drainage, distance from settlements, and water sources. The criteria were then weighted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and geographic information system for overlaying. Furthermore, the results of the land suitability analysis were used to determine its availability with the aid of spatial and regional planning (RTRW), land use, and forest area maps. The results showed that the highly suitable (S1) and available terrain for the landfill in Malaka Regency covered an area of 203.37 ha or 1.73% of the regency. Also, the analysis results indicated that there was still adequate land available for the landfill.
Mechanical Stability, Electronic And Magnetic Properties Of Half- Heusler FeCrAs Alloy For Spintronics Application
Authors: Chibueze Timothy , Ezema Fabian , Raji Abdulrafiu
Published: December 2021

The search for functional materials in spintronic devices has become a major component of material research in recent times. The structural, elastic, mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties of half-Heusler FeCrAs alloy (HHFCA) have been examined adopting spin-polarized density functional theory calculations. Our result shows that the hexagonal structure is the high pressure phase of the FeCrAs alloy while the half-Heusler structure is the more stable phase at ambient pressure. Also, the HHFCA is mechanically stable and exhibits half-metallic ferromagnetism besides an indirect band gap in the minority spin channel. The total magnetic moment in one formula unit of the alloy is 1.00 μB, in agreement with the Slater-Pauling rule and the bulk of the magnetic moment contributed by the Cr atoms. Furthermore, high Curie temperature of ~ 1000 K has been obtained for the HHFCA which suggests that it is a promising material for spintronic applications.
Mechanical Stability, Electronic And Magnetic Properties Of Half- Heusler FeCrAs Alloy For Spintronics Application
Authors: Chibueze T. C  , Raji A. T  , Ezema F. I
Published: December 2021

The search for functional materials in spintronic devices has become a major component of material research in recent times. The structural, elastic, mechanical, electronic and magnetic properties of half-Heusler FeCrAs alloy (HHFCA) have been examined adopting spin-polarized density functional theory calculations. Our result shows that the hexagonal structure is the high pressure phase of the FeCrAs alloy while the half-Heusler structure is the more stable phase at ambient pressure. Also, the HHFCA is mechanically stable and exhibits half-metallic ferromagnetism besides an indirect band gap in the minority spin channel. The total magnetic moment in one formula unit of the alloy is 1.00 μB, in agreement with the Slater-Pauling rule and the bulk of the magnetic moment contributed by the Cr atoms. Furthermore, high Curie temperature of ~ 1000 K has been obtained for the HHFCA which suggests that it is a promising material for spintronic applications.
The Identity Construction Through Music Notation of The Indigenous Style of Gitar Tunggal Lampung Pesisir
Authors: Hidayatullah Riyan , Jazuli Muhammad , Syarif Muhammad Ibnan
Published: December 2021

This study aims to reveal the meaning of music notation writing of gitar tunggal Lampung Pesisir written by Imam Rozali. Imam is a gitar tunggal player who wrote his technique and playing style in notation symbols. This article uses a case study research design with pattern matching techniques (Yin, 2018). Data were collected through observation, interviews, document analysis, and audio recordings.  A series of tests were carried out on the notation and other supporting information to improve the validity of the data.  Laboratory analysis was carried out to describe signs, interpret symbols, and compare Western musical notation. As a result, (1) the music notation written by Imam Rozali is a musical expression used as a medium for remembering; (2) the writing of Imam Rozali’s musical notation constructs his musical identity as a Gitar tunggal Lampung Pesisir player; (3) Imam Rozali’s music notation symbolizes an indigenous style which has its concept of gitar tunggal music; (4) Imam Rozali tries to add value to his musical identity among gitar tunggal players because the notation is a symbol of intellectuality.
Musical Facts and Sustainability of Trunthung Music in Eco-cultural Studies
Authors: Sinaga Fajry Sub'haan Syah , Sinaga Syahrul Syah
Published: December 2021

This study aims to review the sustainability of Trunthung Music that shapes an ecosystem within the context of eco-culture. The study belongs to the nature of qualitative research with an interdisciplinary approach and several ecological concepts that reflect the culture of the peasant community over the slope of Merbabu Mountain in Magelang. The study itself is conducted in Warangan Hamlet and Gejayan Hamlet, the Regency of Magelang. The data are gathered through observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews with the informants related to the Trunthung Music. Then, the source triangulation technique is implemented through the test of trustworthiness by inspecting the data on the development of Trunthung Music toward the artists in Warangan Hamlet and the members of Lima Gunung Community. The data that have been attained from various sources are described, categorized, and eventually analyzed so that the ecosystem of Trunthung Music that has been on the progress can be identified. The results of the study show that Trunthung Music has been a performance that combines sonoric, kinesthetic, and visual dimensions, including their association with the natural condition and the peasant life over the Slope of Merbabu. The dialectics of Trunthung Music and the components of its ecosystem are in interaction with one another, resulting in the sustainability of the music until the present days. Then, the components of such ecosystem are the local agents who create the Trunthung Music and their interaction with the art community, be it with the Lima Gunung Community in the context of the Regency of Magelang and with the artists living outside the Regency of Magelang. In addition, the presence of Trunthung Music is associated with the traditional rites in the Warangan Hamlet, such as Nyadran Kali and Tapak Jaran Sembrani. All of these activities have good correlations among music, environment, and culture within the context of eco-culture.
Renteng Dance in Saren Village, Nusa Penida as a Source of Inspiration for the Creation of Ceremonial Dances in Bali
Authors: Ruastiti Ni Made , Indrawan Anak Agung , Sariada I Ketut
Published: December 2021

This article aims to discuss the Renteng Dance in Saren Village, Nusa Penida, which is actually the forerunner of the Rejang Renteng Dance performance, which is now widely danced by mothers in the context of the dewa yadnya ceremony in Bali. Supposedly, as the forerunner of ceremonial dance performances, the Balinese people know the Renteng Dance. However, in reality, this is not the case. Balinese people seem to know more about the Rejang Renteng Dance than the Renteng Dance. (1) What is the form of the Renteng Dance in Saren Village? (2) Why is the Renteng Dance the source of the creation of ceremonial dance in Bali? This study uses a qualitative method with research data sources such as Renteng Dance performances, dancers, musicians, traditional elders, community leaders, and journals related to research results. Aesthetic theory and structural-functional theory were used to analyze all the data gathered during the observation, interviews, and literature review. The study results show that: (1) the community in Saren Village presents Renteng Dance in the form of a freelance dance (without a play). It can be seen from the way of presentation, the structure of the show, the make-up of clothes, and the musical accompaniment of the performance; and (2) the existence of Renteng Dance is the source of the creation of ceremonial dance in Bali because it has a unique appearance that is easy to imitate, according to their aesthetic taste and faith. The new findings of this research show that the level of conflict, aesthetic taste, and faith of the actors greatly influence the development and preservation of the performing arts.
Music Assessment Techniques for Evaluating the Students’ Musical Learning and Performance in the Philippine K-12 Basic Education Curriculum
Authors: Tabuena Almighty Cortezo , Morales Glinore Santiago , Perez Mary Leigh Ann Corpuz
Published: December 2021

The primary objective of this study is to review and characterize research-based music assessments that might be used to guide and assist teachers and students in transforming their attitudes and perceptions, ability to express their ideas and concepts during the assessment process openly. This study employed descriptive and autoethnographic methods to elicit information about current conditions and practices through the library approach and literature review. The identified music assessment techniques were used to determine how well students comprehend important points in a session. It includes the Music Concept Memory Exercise and Instrumental and Vocal Schematic Processing for music lesson instructions and the Five-Letter Name Pitch Memory Test and Three-Chord Familiarization Assessment for basic instrumental music instructions. They are used as a core component deliberately designed to expose classroom teachers and prospective teachers to the essentials for effective instructional practices. Effective evaluation ensures that learners’ knowledge, understanding, and skills are transferred effectively in future contexts.
A Review of The Sundanese Scale Theory
Authors: Sasaki Mariko , Masunah Juju
Published: December 2021

This article aims to discuss Kusumadinata’s scale theory in Sundanese music which has been taught in educational institutions in West Java, Indonesia. According to Kusumadinata’s scale theory, sorog and pelog are scales derived from salendro scale in gamelan salendro performance. In my previous research, I investigated three genres of Sundanese performing arts which have existed since the Hindu era, namely goong renteng, pantun, and tarawangsa. The results indicate that the pelog scale has independently existed since the Hindu era. Then, I analyzed the phenomenon that occurs in the gamelan salendro performance, i.e., its melody (rebab and vocals) conventionally modulate into scale ‘like sorog’, occasionally into scale ‘like pelog’. In contrast, the instruments of gamelan are in the salendro scale. However, the analysis on the sorog in the previous research was not enough, so that in this paper, I will focus on the sorog. To find out the relationship between melody (vocal and rebab) and gamelan instruments, I examined the actual performances of gamelan salendro and wayang golek purwa. It became clear that the salendro scale derives four types of sorog. The findings of this study indicate that sorog has existed since the 19th century by this phenomenon, and the scale now called sorog is a scale derived from salendro.
Fixation in Form-Acetic allows hyaluronic acid detection in mouse ovaries
Authors: Appeltant R , Adeniran B V , Williams S A
Published: December 2021

Lay summary

To visualise tissues to determine the presence of disease or simply to understand anatomy, it is important to preserve fresh tissue. Fixatives are chemical solutions that preserve tissues to enable microscopic evaluation. However, some fixatives introduce artefact such as shrinkage of cells. Recently, a new fixative, Form-Acetic, was developed that is superior for preserving the structure of ovary tissue and allows investigation of ovary composition. One component of the ovary is hyaluronic acid (HA), which plays a crucial role in normal ovary function and fertility. Importantly, HA is sensitive to different fixative solutions. Therefore, it is meaningful to verify whether Form-Acetic is suitable for detecting HA. In this study, adult mouse ovaries were fixed in Form-Acetic and HA was detected. All HA-containing structures in the ovary were clearly distinguished which proves that the novel fixative allows the detection of HA.
Farklı Kanal İçi Ortamların Apeks Bulucuların Doğruluğu Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: OKUR Asena , ASLAN Tuğrul , SAĞSEN Burak
Published: December 2021

Başarlı bir endodontik tedavi için gerçek kanal uzunluğunun tam olarak belirlenmesi, kök kanalının uygun bir şekilde preparasyonu ve etkili dezenfeksiyonu için en öncelikli şartlardan biridir. Radyografik yöntemle kök kanal boyu tespitindeki problemler nedeniyle elektronik apeks bulucular (EAB) geliştirilmiştir. Kemomekanik preparasyon esnasında kullanılan irrigasyon solüsyonları, kök kanal içeriği ve patolojik faktörlerden kaynaklanan kök kanal anatomisindeki değişim EAB'ler tarafından yapılan ölçümlerin doğruluğunu etkileyen faktörler olarak düşünülmüş ve bununla ilgili pek çok çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu derlemenin hedefi, bu literatür bilgisine dayanarak, farklı kanal içi ortamların elektronik EAB’lerin ölçüm hassasiyetine etkilerinin özetlenmesidir.
Klinik Öncesi Bir Grup Diş Hekimliği Öğrencilerinin Dental Travmaya Yaklaşımı: Bir Anket Çalışması
Authors: ÖZMEN Bilal , YILMAZ Sevcan , BODUR GÜNEY Hatice Zehra , KAYA Zeynep
Published: December 2021

Amaç: Ebeveynlerin ve öğretmenlerin dental travmalara yaklaşımlarını değerlendiren çalışmalar mevcuttur, fakat dental travma konusunda eğitim almamış diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin dental travmalara yaklaşımları henüz değerlendirilmemiştir. Bu çalışmada dental travma eğitimi almamış klinik öncesi diş hekimliği öğrencilerinin dental travma bilgi düzeylerinin ölçülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya bir diş hekimliği fakültesinde dental travma eğitimi almamış ve ankete katılmayı kabul eden birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü sınıf diş hekimliği öğrencileri dahil edildi. Öğrencilerin dental yaralanmalara yaklaşımlarının değerlendirilebilmesi için daha önce uygulanmış ve geçerliliği bulunan anketler modifiye edilerek kullanılmıştır. On iki soru içeren bir anket, doldurmaları için öğrencilere verildi. Sonuçlar yüzde olarak hesaplandı. Verilerin analizinde Ki-kare testi kullanıldı. Bulgular: 364 öğrenciden 277’si ankete katılmayı kabul etti. Bu öğrencilerden 108’i (% 39) birinci sınıf, 85’i (% 30.7) ikinci sınıf ve 84’ü (% 30.3) üçüncü sınıftı. Sadece 55 (% 19.8) öğrenci dental yaralanmalar hakkında bilgi sahibiydi. Bu öğrencilerden 31’i bilgiyi diş hekiminden almıştı. Öğrencilerin % 56.7’si avulse daimi dişi reimplante edeceğini, % 63.9’u süt dişini reimplante etmeyeceğini belirtti. Öğrencilerin % 29.6’sı avulse bir dişin taşınmasında süt tercih ederken % 23.4’ü taşıma için tükürük ya da ağız içerisini önerdi. Sonuç: Diş hekimliği öğrencileri genellikle travmatik dental yaralanmalar hakkında doğru yaklaşımlara sahiptir fakat bazı yanlış ve eksik bilgileri de vardır.