bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis forense a equipos informáticos
Authors: Párraga Ganchozo Ángel Gabriel , Cedeño Zambrano Adriana Elizabeth , Zambrano Solórzano Ligia Elena , Morales Carrillo Jessica Johanna
Published: February 2025

El propósito de la presente investigación es lograr determinar las causas y medios digitales por las cuales se puede fugar la información de una empresa, mediante herramientas de informática forense se pretende identificar a los posibles infractores y los medios utilizados sin alterar la evidencia digital. Para esto se utilizó la metodología que sigue la norma ISO/IEC 27037:2012, que guía la identificación, recolección y preservación de evidencias digitales, manteniendo su integridad y relevancia. Se obtuvo como resultado la fuga de información mediante correo electrónico a entidades externas, revelando información crítica y confidencial de la empresa.
HOJA DE RUTA PARA LA INVESTIGACIÓN RIGUROSA: UNA GUÍA BÁSICA DE PROTOCOLOS EN REVISIONES SISTEMÁTICAS Y METAANÁLISIS
Authors: López-Zambrano Javier Hernán , García Zambrano María Auxiliadora , Cedeño-Valarezo Luis Cristóbal
Published: February 2025

Este trabajo, tiene como objetivo trazar una guía básica sobre los distintos protocolos de revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis; para ello, se empleó una metodología que incluyó la formulación de cadenas de búsqueda, la selección de estudios relevantes y su análisis para sintetizar la información. Se realizaron búsquedas exhaustivas en bases de datos académicas y se seleccionaron los estudios relevantes basándose en criterios predefinidos. En cuanto a los resultados, se identificaron varios protocolos para la realización de revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis, como COCHRANE, MOOSE, MARS, PRISMA, JBI y REGEMA, y otros protocolos para evaluar la calidad de evidencias y/o estudios como QUOROM, GRADE y AMSTAR. Cada protocolo se centra en diferentes áreas de aplicación, proporcionando una guía detallada para la realización de revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis, de acuerdo con la especificidad según el campo de estudio y el tipo de intervención que se esté evaluando. En conclusión, la elección del protocolo adecuado podría depender del tipo de estudio y del área de investigación, sin embargo, PRISMA es uno de los protocolos más utilizados y del cual existen algunas extensiones, que proporcionan una guía útil para que los investigadores que deseen realizar revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis en diferentes áreas de investigación puedan hacer adaptaciones.
ESTRATEGIAS DIDÁCTICAS PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DEL IDIOMA INGLÉS PARA ESTUDIANTES CON DISCAPACIDAD INTELECTUAL DEL SUB NIVEL ELEMENTAL
Authors: Lozano Campoverde Paulina Elizabeth
Published: February 2025

Actualmente, los estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual enfrentan importantes desafíos para adquirir competencias en el idioma inglés, debido a la falta de estrategias pedagógicas adaptadas a sus necesidades específicas. Por lo que, el objetivo del presente estudio fue proponer estrategias didácticas para la enseñanza del idioma inglés para estudiantes con discapacidad intelectual del sub nivel elemental. Para lo cual, se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo basado en encuestas dirigidas a los padres de dichos estudiantes.

Además, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de los fundamentos teóricos de la discapacidad intelectual y la enseñanza del inglés. Los resultados de la encuesta señalan que, según la percepción de los padres, las estrategias multisensoriales y kinestésicas, así como los juegos interactivos son los más efectivos para mejorar el proceso de aprendizaje en estos estudiantes. Además, la interacción colaborativa y el contacto social son elementos clave para favorecer el desarrollo de aptitudes comunicativas y sociales en las personas. A partir de estos hallazgos, se formuló una propuesta cuyo propósito fue no solo potenciar el aprendizaje del idioma inglés sino también fortalecer las competencias sociales y comunicativas de los estudiantes al establecer un entorno educativo inclusivo y motivador que impulse la participación activamente estimulante. Concluyendo que, las estrategias de enseñanza inclusivas como la utilización de recursos multisensoriales y juegos interactivos junto al aprendizaje kinestésico podrían favorecer la enseñanza del idioma inglés para alumnos que presentan discapacidad cognitiva; dado que estos métodos no solo implican activamente a los estudiantes, sino que también podrían promover un ambiente educativo más motivador.
RUTAS Y PROTOCOLOS PARA PREVENIR LA DISCRIMINACIÓN A ESTUDIANTES DE PUEBLOS Y NACIONALIDADES DEL ECUADOR
Authors: Yucta Inca Priscila Lizeth
Published: February 2025

El objetivo de la presente investigación se enfoca en establecer rutas y protocolos para prevenir la discriminación en estudiantes de pueblos y nacionalidades del Ecuador en la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. Se parte, del análisis de datos obtenidos mediante la aplicación de una encuesta institucional aplicada a estudiantes de las facultades de: Ciencias políticas y Administrativas, Ciencias de las Salud, Ingeniería y Ciencias de la Educación Humanas y Tecnologías, mediante un cuestionario estructurado que constaba de 10 preguntas cerradas y tenía por objetivo determinar si los estudiantes han sido víctimas de discrimación y conocer el contexto en el que se producen estos eventos. El enfoque de investigación es mixto, puesto que se aplicaron técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas, tanto en la revisión y análisis documental, como en la interpretación de valores cuantificables. La investigación es no experimental de cohorte transversal, con un alcance diagnóstico, exploratorio y propositivo. Los métodos utilizados fueron en inductivo, deductivo, analítico y científico.

Los resultados de la encuesta aplicada a 10.625 estudiantes mediante el sistema institucional SICOA, revelaron que los estudiantes universitarios han sido víctimas de discriminación en sus etapas de educación preuniversitaria y universitarias, denotando que entre las causas más comunes están la identificación étnica y la condición socioeconómica. De aquí la necesidad de proponer rutas y protocolos orientados a prevenir la discriminación, reducir su impacto y cambiar de percepción del estudiantado, razón de ser de la educación.

Finalmente, es importante mencionar que las rutas y protocolos propuestos responden a un exhaustivo análisis bibliográfico documental, en el que se consideraron y analizaron modelos implementados con resultados favorables y en realidades paralelas, para con esa base contextualizar a la realidad educativa de la Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. En conclusión, se ha de mencionar que las rutas y protocolos propuestas satisfacen las necesidades de los sujetos investigados y al mismo tiempo aportan al desarrollo profesional integral de los estudiantes, así como garantizar el goce de sus derechos
Kulit Binatang dalam Kejadian 3:21:
Authors: Sumule Linus , Silaban Tri Oktavia
Published: February 2025

Abstract: This study examines God's action in Genesis 3:21 as a prophetic portrayal or foreshadowing of salvation and redemption that occurs during the Easter event in the New Testament. Utilizing qualitative research methods, this study employs descriptive-analytical analysis sourced from biblical studies and theological literature. The findings reveal that God's act of making and providing animal skin garments for the first human pair in the Garden of Eden carries profound significance as a substitutionary sacrifice symbolizing sin, God's plan, grace, complete sacrifice, and restoration and reconciliation. This study deepens the understanding of the salvation narrative throughout the Bible and confirms the essential connection between the Old and New Testaments. The theological implications highlight the doctrines of sacrifice, grace, and salvation, providing a solid foundation for Christian faith in comprehensively understanding God's salvation plan.
Abstrak: Penelitian ini mengkaji tindakan Tuhan dalam Kejadian 3:21 sebagai gambaran nubuatan atau tindakan profetik penyelamatan dan penebusan yang terjadi pada peristiwa Paskah dalam Perjanjian Baru. Penelitian ini diuraikan berdasarkan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini merupakan analisis deskriptif-analitis yang bersumber dari studi alkitabiah dan literatur teologis. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tindakan Allah membuat dan memberikan pakaian kulit binatang untuk sepasang manusia pertama di Taman Eden memiliki makna mendalam sebagai kurban pengganti yang melambangkan dosa, rencana Tuhan, rahmat, pengorbanan penuh, serta pemulihan dan rekonsiliasi. Hasil penelitian ini mendalamkan pemahaman tentang kisah keselamatan yang terdapat di seluruh Alkitab dan mengonfirmasi hubungan esensial antara Perjanjian Lama dan Perjanjian Baru. Implikasi teologisnya menyoroti doktrin pengorbanan, anugerah, dan keselamatan, yang memberikan dasar yang kokoh bagi iman Kristen dalam memahami rencana keselamatan Allah secara menyeluruh.
Définir et surtout décider les rôles des divers gardiensde l’intégrité académique
Authors: Jobidon Nicholas
Published: February 2025

Les responsabilités afférentes au maintien de l’intégrité académique reposent sur les épaules de plusieurs acteurs. Toutefois, en l’absence d’un cadre bien défini et clairement communiqué, ces acteurs peuvent se confondre sur les rôles de chacun et ainsi nuire à la culture d’intégrité académique de l’institution. Ainsi, par exemple, jusqu’où va la responsabilité des professeurs de préparer des évaluations à l’épreuve de la tricherie, et de déclarer les cas de tricherie ou de plagiat lorsqu’ils les détectent ou les soupçonnent ?Une communication claire des attentes à l’aide d’une politique institutionnelle et de sa mise en application est à l’avantage de tous les acteurs et renforce l’intégrité académique.
KHẢO SÁT LƯỢNG TỒN DƯ CỦA 6 CHẤT BẢO QUẢN DÙNG TRONG BẢO QUẢN MỘT SỐ LOẠI QUẢ TƯƠI VÀ QUẢ KHÔ Ở VIỆT NAM
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Thuận , Đỗ Thị Mai Dung , Chu Lê Trang , Chu Thị Trang
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát lượng tồn dư 6 chất bảo quản có thể gặp trong các loại quả tươi và khô là acid benzoic, acid sorbic và 4 paraben: methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, butyl paraben.
Phương pháp: Sắc ký lỏng hiệu năng cao (HPLC) với detector DAD được xây dựng và thẩm định để phân tích các chất 6 chất bảo quản
Kết quả: Không tìm thấy các paraben tồn dư trong các mẫu thử cả tươi và khô. Không tìm thấy acid sorbic và acid benzoic trong các mẫu quả tươi. Có một số mẫu quả khô có acid sorbic nhưng đều ở hàm lượng thấp. 57% số mẫu khô có chứa acid benzoic, hầu hết có hàm lượng thấp (dưới 100 mg/kg). Chỉ có 2 mẫu có hàm lượng acid benzoic khoảng 500 mg/kg và 1 mẫu có lượng chất này là 1095 mg/kg, lớn hơn ngưỡng cho phép của Bộ Y tế và CODEX đối với quả khô (800 mg/kg).
Kết luận: Không phát hiện nguy cơ có 6 chất bảo quản trên trong hoa quả tươi. Trong một số mẫu hoa quả khô có phát hiện thấy acid benzoic và acid sorbic, trong đó acid benzoic có lượng tương đối lớn, có thể vượt ngưỡng cho phép của Bộ Y tế. Vì vậy nhà sản xuất hoa quả khô cần chú ý khi dùng acid benzoic làm chất bảo quản không được vượt quá 700 mg/kg với hoa quả nhóm mận, mơ, đào, không quá 800 mg/kg với các hoa quả khác. Kết quả trên cũng cảnh báo cơ quan quản lý cần có sự kiểm soát chặt chẽ hơn đối với loại thực phẩm này.
Media Approaches for Effective Book Promotion
Authors: Bessarab Anastasiia , Baranetska Аnnа , Mykytiv Halyna , Skiban Olena , Tregub Angelina
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The study of communication strategies for promoting books in the media is relevant due to the rapid transformation of information channels and approaches to interaction with the audience, which requires new, effective methods of attracting readers and maintaining interest in the literary product. In addition, growing competition and the development of digital platforms make publishers need flexible strategies that take into account consider current media trends and the preferences of different target groups.Objective: This research article aims to explore current approaches to book promotion in the media space, assess their impact on the interest of the target audience, and develop recommendations for improving the effectiveness of marketing strategies in the publishing industry.Methods: The study uses several general scientific methods of cognition, including systematisation and generalisation. It includes a historical analysis of the stages of development of communication strategies for promoting books in the media, statistical information on the dynamics of changes in income from the global book market, and a comparative analysis of communication models for promoting modern books in the media.Results: The analysis of communication strategies has shown a significant impact of digital tools, such as targeted advertising on social media and interactive platforms, on book promotion and engagement of young audiences. Additionally, the emergence of niche communities, such as BookTube and BookTok, has now become essential in increasing the visibility of book products on the Internet for a wide range of readers. Further development of research into the concept of communication strategies in the field of book publishing should focus on empirical studies of their impact on reading habits, the development of digital platforms, and social media.Conclusions: The latest trends in promoting book products, which have emerged against the backdrop of digital transformation, have created opportunities and thus encouraged publishers and authors to interact with readers and promote book products. In addition, And the creation of innovative communication strategies has formed the basis for the development of new digital formats, such as ebooks and audiobooks, and , as a result, which has increased the level of accessibility of literature for all segments of book consumers. and will further improve marketing approaches in the publishing sector.
ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA KỸ THUẬT SINH THIẾT PHÔI LÊN HÌNH THÁI PHÔI NANG XÉT NGHIỆM DI TRUYỀN TRƯỚC LÀM TỔ
Authors: Nguyễn Ngọc Diệp , Lê Thanh Huyền , Đỗ Ngọc Lan , Nguyễn Minh Phương , Nguyễn Linh Chi
Published: February 2025

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá sự thay đổi hình thái, cấu trúc sau sinh thiết và sau rã đông của phôi xét nghiệm di truyền tại Viện Mô phôi Lâm sàng Quân đội. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu, mô tả trên 623 phôi nang xét nghiệm di truyền trước làm tổ (preimplantation genetic testing - PGT). Phôi được chia thành 3 nhóm theo tuổi mẹ: < 30; 30 - 35; > 35. Các phôi được trữ đông sau sinh thiết 3 giờ và rã đông 4 giờ trước khi chuyển phôi. Kết quả: Tại thời điểm sau sinh thiết 3 giờ, 605/623 phôi nở lại (97,1%), đường kính phôi trong mỗi nhóm đều nhỏ hơn có ý nghĩa so với thời điểm trước sinh thiết (p < 0,05), chưa thấy sự khác biệt rõ ràng về độ dày màng trong suốt (p = 0,06). 105 phôi chuẩn bội được rã đông trong các chu kỳ chuyển phôi lưu. Sau rã đông 4 giờ, 100% phôi sống và nở lại. Tại thời điểm sau rã đông 4 giờ, đường kính phôi lớn hơn và độ dày màng trong suốt của phôi mỏng hơn có ý nghĩa so với thời điểm trước sinh thiết ở cả 3 nhóm (p < 0,001). Kết luận: Ở cả 3 nhóm, so với thời điểm trước sinh thiết: Sau sinh thiết 3 giờ, 97,1% phôi nở lại, đường kính trung bình của phôi nhỏ hơn có ý nghĩa; sau rã đông 4 giờ, 100% phôi nở lại, đường kính phôi lớn hơn và màng trong suốt mỏng đi có ý nghĩa.
ỨNG DỤNG THEO DÕI HOẠT ĐỘNG ĐIỆN NÃO TRONG ĐÁNH GIÁ ĐỘ SÂU GÂY MÊ
Authors: Nguyễn Đăng Thứ , Trần Đắc Tiệp , Trần Hoài Nam , Võ Văn Hiển
Published: February 2025

Đánh giá chính xác độ sâu trong gây mê (độ mê) là cơ sở để duy trì mê ổn định, giúp tránh các nguy cơ do gây mê quá nông hoặc quá sâu, góp phần rút ngắn thời gian hồi tỉnh và nâng cao chất lượng điều trị. Các dấu hiệu lâm sàng đánh giá độ mê thường bị chồng lấn bởi kích thích đau nên chúng không đặc hiệu và khó lượng giá. Ngày nay, nhiều máy theo dõi điện não được phát triển và ứng dụng vào đánh giá độ mê với nhiều trường thông tin hiển thị và giá trị lâm sàng khác nhau. Hiểu được nguyên lý hình thành và ý nghĩa của các thông số giúp đánh giá độ mê được chính xác và toàn diện. Bài tổng quan nhằm khái quát về ứng dụng theo dõi hoạt động điện não trong đánh giá độ sâu gây mê và một số lưu ý trong thực hành lâm sàng.
RECENT ADVANCES IN TARGETING PROTEINS AND ENZYMES ASSOCIATED WITH DIABETIC PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Authors: Dahiru Mubarak Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disorder involving several pathways, i.e., enzymes and proteins, and is a major causing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its complex nature makes it a target for multiple therapeutic approaches, each addressing specific dysfunctions to achieve glycemic control and reduce complications. Objectives: The present review explores the different proteins, pathways, and enzymes involved in diabetic pathophysiology, including their metabolic roles and properties as targets of modulations by antidiabetic agents. Methodology: A literature review was conducted via different major electronic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Ovid, EMBASE, and MEDLINE, to retrieve relevant literature. Results: Some of the significant dysfunctions include insulin absence and resistance, glucose toxicity, dyslipidemia, nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular complications, which are mostly attributed to persistent hyperglycemia. Moreover, different proteins and enzymes are associated with diabetic pathophysiology, including 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase, alpha-glucosidase, glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone-system, mono-ADP ribosyltransferase-sirtuin-6, and pyruvate dehydrogenase complex which acts as modulative targets of antidiabetic agents to manage diabetes. Conclusion: The diabetic pathology is attributed to glucotoxicity and dyslipidemia caused by persistent hyperglycemia. Modulating these pathways, proteins, and enzymes could play significant roles in diabetes management. Furthermore, novel antidiabetic therapeutics from different pharmaceutical sources might be developed by exploring these pathways.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF HERTIA INTERMEDIA LEAF EXTRACT IN RATS
Authors: Razieh Amini Zadeh  , Mojtaba Emam Bakhsh  , Fariba Sharififar  , Rehman Naeem Ur , Arif Mehreen , Esmaeilpour Khadijeh
Published: February 2025

Background: Hertia plants have been used in traditional societies to treat pain, but no comprehensive research has been done to prove this plant's analgesic effects scientifically. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of action and analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of Hertia intermedia leaf extract. Methodology: In this investigation, rats were given several doses of Hertia intermedia extract and its analgesic effects were assessed using the tail-flick, hot plate, and formalin tests. Rats were pre-treated with naloxone to have a look at the potential mechanism. The levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 in the blood of rats were assessed. To gain insight into the active substances, phytochemical tests were carried out. Results: The study's findings demonstrated the potential of Hertia intermedia leaf extract to alleviate pain and inflammation at various doses. The obtained extract was dark brown and gummy. The yield of extraction was 28% w/w. The result of the phytochemical study indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroids, and terpenoids. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory results showed that 150 mg/kg showed a strong analgesic effect on the hot plate; however, all tested doses (10-200 mg) showed analgesia in the tail flick test. Formalin-induced algesia was reduced by 150 mg. It is possible that the extract functions through opioid receptors because naloxone administrations also dramatically decreased the latency in response to pain in the hot plate and tail flick tests. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory properties of this extract were discovered by notably lowering the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α significantly at 150 mg/kg dose. Conclusion: According to the study, Hertia intermedia leaf extract mitigates inflammatory cytokines and has analgesic effects on the central and peripheral nervous systems.
ATTITUDE AND PRACTICES TOWARDS MEDICATION AND ITS IMPACT ON MEDICATION ADHERENCE AMONG CHRONIC DISEASE PATIENTS OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN: A HOSPITAL-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Huma Majeed  , Tanzeela Awan  , Fatima Ayesha , Uzma Saher  , Nazia Aslam  , Tariq Sonia
Published: February 2025

Background: During the last decade, a gradual switch from infectious diseases to chronic diseases has been observed, which is globally responsible for increased numbers of morbidity and mortality. Medication is a core element in the management of chronic diseases. Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the attitudes and practices towards medication and its impact on medication adherence in chronic disease patients. The main aim of this study is to find loopholes in medication adherence for better management and improvement of the health of chronic disease patients. Methodology: 425 participants were recruited from public sector hospitals of Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Sahiwal, Multan, and Bahawalpur. Respondents were assessed using a validated questionnaire, and medication adherence was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) to measure general adherence. Descriptive statistics were used (frequency, percentages, frequency, means (±SD), median (IQR)) to summarize data. Inferential statistics, including Chi-square, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis and Spearman's correlation, were applied. Results: Participants included a more significant proportion of women (65.5%), and the mean age of the respondents was 52.88±11.13. In this study, 78.2% of respondents indicated a positive attitude, and 61.0% showed good practices towards medication. Almost 50.5% (Mean sore ± SD: 16.5 ± 3.76) of respondents recorded good adherence. The patient's attitude towards medication adherence was positively associated (rs= 0.375, p = <0.001), while the practices of the patients towards medication were not correlated with medication adherence. Conclusion: The study results concluded that respondents indicated positive attitudes and practices towards medication. Attitudes were found to be positively associated with medication adherence.
EFFECTS OF DATE PALM POLLEN EXTRACT (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) ON REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN RATS
Authors: Abdelrahim Musab , Ahmed Elhadi , Taj-Eldin Imad , Mohammed Abd-Elwahab
Published: February 2025

Background: Plant materials represent a significant source in traditional medical practices for treating many disorders. However, many pharmacological studies have provided the basis for their therapeutic potential. Objectives: This work aimed to assess the effects of the methanolic extract of date palm pollen on some fertility parameters in rats. Methodology: Experiments were performed using conventional methods for extraction of plant material (by methanolic maceration) and for fertility testing in rats. Twenty sexually mature rats were tested in the current study (10 males and 10 female rats) for 28 days. The animals were allocated to control and test groups of males and females (5 animals/group). The control groups of males and females were administered with distilled water, whereas the test groups received daily oral doses of the plant extract at 250 mg/kg. Results: The animals were sacrificed at the end of the study to determine the fertility parameters. The results showed that the plant material exhibited an estrogenic property, as evidenced by the significant elevation of estradiol serum levels in both sexes. Moreover, epididymal sperm count showed a significant elevation in the test group of male animals compared to the control group of male animals. Conclusion: These findings could support and validate the ethnomedicinal uses of the plant material in treating some male fertility disorders and could provide a candidate source for drug development.
Business Strategies and Carbon Emissions: The Role of Direct and Indirect Carbon as Mediators
Authors: Ghulam Ghouse  , Aramish Altaf  , Minza Mudassir
Published: February 2025

The increasing insistence of climate change has made carbon emissions a decisive factor in business strategy, affecting financial performance and business competitiveness. This study explores the relationship between business strategies and carbon emissions, focusing on mediating the roles of direct and indirect carbon emissions. This study is based on Miles and Snow’s (1978) classification of business strategies, which is Defend and Prospect which affects carbon emissions. The study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) regression to examine the influence of firm size, profitability, and cash flow stability and leverage their relation with carbon emissions. Prospect takes a value of 1 if the business’s strategy score is between 24 and 30; otherwise, it is 0. Whereas the Defend variable equals 1 when the strategy score is between 6 and 19; otherwise, 0. As larger businesses release more carbon emissions hence, firm size is incorporated into the regression. The role of CO2 emissions work as a mediator in strategies of businesses, which remains an important and central area of research. By successfully reducing direct emissions; firms may frequently gain efficiency and cost advantages, whereas addressing indirect emissions improve sustainability across the value chain. The study uses the main dependent variable, the natural logarithm of total CO₂ equivalent emissions (Scope 1 and Scope 2), to determine the direct and indirect discharges. As major operations are the main characteristic of the prospector hence, the findings suggest that they release more carbon emissions, contrary to defenders. Low CO2 emissions are positively linked to profitability and stable cash flows as businesses with strong monetary positions engage in more sustainability initiatives. Though, leverage has a negative connection with carbon exposure, highly leveraged firms prioritize financial commitments over environmental concerns (Yasin et al., 2023). Besides this, firm size plays a crucial role, as huge firms generate more emissions due to high operational systems. Reducing carbon emissions could be essential for businesses aiming to adopt a more aggressive (prospect) From a policy and stakeholder perspective, these insights hold significant implications. Policymakers must establish regulatory frameworks that encourage carbon reduction initiatives while maintaining financial viability for firms.
Effect of Swine Wastewater Treatment on Fungal Population and Physicochemical Characteristics of Soil
Authors: Aleruchi Owhonka , A.O Nengi-Benwari, , Ekwy Nwoko, Ogadinma , Chibukem Obi-Chiorlu, Vanessa
Published: February 2025

The application of swine wastewater to soil significantly impacts soil fungal communities and physicochemical properties. This study investigated the effects of varying swine wastewater concentrations on soil fungi and physicochemical characteristics. Soil samples were treated with different concentrations of swine wastewater were analyzed for fungal counts and physicochemical parameters, for 21 days at 7 days intervals. The results showed that treatments with swine wastewater had significantly higher fungal counts than the control, with the highest means found in Soil + 100ml SWW (5.0 × 103 CFU/g). Time points also showed significant differences, with Day 14 having the highest mean fungal count (5.4 × 103 CFU/g). Fungal genera isolated included Trichophyton sp, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium sp, Trichoderma sp, Cladosporium sp, Penicillium sp, Mucor sp, and Candida sp. The pH reached its lowest value (6.09) in the Soil + 100ml SWW treatment on Day 21, while the highest (7.35) was recorded in the Soil + 40ml SWW treatment on Day 7. Temperature was highest at 28.7°C in the Soil + 20ml SWW treatment on Day 7 and lowest at 25.2°C in the control treatment on Day 14. Moisture content remained lowest in control treatment, whereas the highest values were observed in the Soil + 40ml SWW treatment on Days 7 and 14, and in the Soil + 100ml SWW treatment on Day 21. Organic matter declined significantly, reaching its lowest level (0.35%) in the Soil + 40ml SWW treatment on Day 21. Nitrogen content was consistently highest in control treatment, while the Soil + 40ml SWW treatment had the lowest values throughout. The carbon-nitrogen ratio fluctuated considerably, peaking at 3.38 in the Soil + 40ml SWW treatment on Day 7 and dropping to 0.18 in the control treatment on Day 21. In conclusion, Swine wastewater applications altered soil fungal communities and physicochemical properties, increasing fungal counts and affecting pH, moisture, organic matter, and nitrogen levels. These changes highlight both benefits and environmental implications for soil management. This highlights the need for careful management and treatment of swine wastewater to prevent potential environmental risks.
Effects of Vermicompost and Vermiwash on the Exo-morphological Features of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plants
Authors: Rahman Imdadur , Das Ranangini , Gogoi Sujata Songhalee
Published: February 2025

The experiment was carried out during 2023-24 at the department of Life Sciences, Sibsagar University, Assam to observe the effect of the application of vermicompost and vermiwash on growth of bean plants. Vermicompost was prepared by using earthworm, Eisenia foetida. Vermiwash was prepared from the same vermibed. It was observed that throughout the experiment the bean plants grew well gradually with increasing amount of vermicompost as compared to control plants. The shoot length of common bean plant, Phaseolus vulgaris was found maximum i. e. 25.37 +1.81 cm in 700 g of vermicompost with 300 g of soil. Maximum root length of 11.93 +2.71 cm was found in the bean plants sprayed 5% vermiwash as foliar spray on the surface of the leaves. Some physico-chemical properties of the vermicompost and vermiwash were also observed. The pH of harvested vermicompost and vermiwash were found 7.27 +1.23 and 9.30 +1.21 respectively. The results of the present study clearly suggest that 700 g of vermicompost with 300 g of soil and 5% vermiwash could be used on bean plants in the near future.
Thermodynamics-Augmented Reality as a Visual Learning Media to Improve Student Creativity
Authors: Hildayanti Juis , Janati Janati , Ilqi Qurtubi Galih
Published: February 2025

In the digital era, integrating technology in education provides a great opportunity to improve the quality of learning. Using smart devices and educational applications creates an interactive learning experience, expands access to global resources, and facilitates collaboration-based learning. In this context, smartphone-based mobile learning (M-learning), especially Android, has become a popular learning medium among teenagers. This technology offers great potential in increasing the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process, especially in materials that require complex visualization, such as thermodynamics in physics. The abstract concept of thermodynamics is often difficult for students to understand without adequate visualization, leading to misconceptions. To overcome this problem, Augmented Reality (AR) technology can be used as a learning medium to combine the real world with digital content in real time, allowing for clearer and more concrete visualizations. The development of AR-based learning media on thermodynamics materials, such as Thermodynamics-Augmented Reality, is expected to reduce misconceptions, increase creativity, and facilitate students' deeper understanding of complex concepts.
How to Teach Science to Toddlers?
Authors: Nabila Siti Maulidiya , Al-Qoyyim Thufail Mujaddid
Published: February 2025

Science education for toddlers is crucial in building early scientific understanding and fostering curiosity. However, several challenges persist in its implementation, such as teaching methods that are not well-suited to early childhood characteristics, limited exploratory facilities, and a lack of understanding among parents and educators regarding effective teaching strategies. This study analyzes various approaches that can be used to teach science to toddlers effectively and engagingly. The methods discussed include inquiry-based learning, hands-on activities, sensory exploration, construction play, and nature observation. Additionally, connecting science with daily life is an essential strategy to help children understand the relevance of scientific knowledge in the real world. The analysis results indicate that exploration-based and hands-on learning approaches enhance children's understanding of scientific concepts more effectively than traditional instructional methods. The active role of parents and educators in guiding children, providing reflective questions, and creating a supportive learning environment significantly influences learning success. With the right strategies, children grasp scientific concepts and develop critical thinking skills, problem-solving abilities, and an early love for science.
Reconstructing Community Knowledge into Scientific Knowledge of Ecotourism at Lemor Botanical Garden and Lemor Spring Tourism
Authors: Al-Qoyyim Thufail Mujaddid , Kurniawan Wardi , Kurniawan Doni
Published: February 2025

This study examines the reconstruction of community knowledge into scientific knowledge related to ecotourism in Lemor Botanical Garden and Lemor Spring Tourism. The local community possesses a profound understanding of the conservation and ecological functions of these areas; however, a gap remains between local wisdom and scientific concepts. This research employs a qualitative case study approach, utilizing field observations, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings reveal that the community recognizes Lemor Botanical Garden as a center for the conservation of rare plant species, an educational site, and an environment-based ecotourism destination. Meanwhile, Lemor Spring Tourism is believed to offer health benefits and spiritual value, some of which can be scientifically explained through the mineral composition of the water and its balanced ecosystem. Certain traditional aspects, such as customary rituals and beliefs in misfortune, are more symbolic than scientifically grounded. The reconstruction of this knowledge is crucial for enhancing the sustainable management of these areas, optimizing the scientific potential of ecotourism, and improving community welfare through a conservation and sustainable tourism approach. Thus, the synergy between science and local wisdom can strengthen more effective and sustainable management strategies for both areas.
Development of Microcapsules of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Grape Pomace of Ciravas Agra
Authors: Afzal Muhammad Hamza , Nadtochii Liudmila
Published: February 2025

Grape pomace is a prominent byproduct of winemaking, which provides bioactive phytochemicals such as polyphenols, conferring health benefits to humans, including anticancer properties. Delivering bioactive compounds extracted from grape pomace as microcapsules offers a sustainable and effective solution for developing tailored leukemia therapies. This approach highlights integrating environmentally friendly practices with medical innovation, mainly through the valorization of grape pomace, a byproduct of winemaking. For this purpose, the study uses ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) to optimize the extraction of these bioactive compounds. It evaluates how temperature and time affect antioxidant activity and total phenolic content. The results indicated that 60 minutes was optimal for the extraction yield of UAE with appreciable antioxidants (73.2 ± 1.5%) and total phenolic content (75.3 ± 2.1 mg GAE/g) compared to other methods studied here. Molecular docking analysis further revealed strong interactions between anthocyanins, particularly delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, and proteins associated with Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML), suggesting potential therapeutic applications. The present study offers a new perspective on the importance of grape pomace as an eco-friendly source of bioactive molecules in line with green chemistry ethics that may find applications in pharmaceuticals or nutraceutical sectors
Optimizing Traditional Games as Learning Media
Authors: Harpina Deya
Published: February 2025

Using basic, environment-appropriate equipment and the results of cultural research that have been passed down from generation to generation in an area, traditional games may amuse kids. In this instance, integrating traditional games into education may be a unique set of values in the preservation, comprehension, and upkeep of cultural values while educating youngsters and having an effect on their characteristics. To successfully and meaningfully include conventional games into a child's educational environment. This entails modifying and improving conventional games so that kids may utilize them as useful teaching aids. Therefore, the goal of this essay is to further study the theory around the optimization of classic games as learning tools. This research's data was gathered by employing the literature study research method from a variety of literature sources that are pertinent to the subject or research issue under consideration. A thorough review and synthesis of pertinent studies has also been done in this study's literature study. The findings demonstrate that we may make learning interesting, participatory, and relevant for kids by utilizing the possibilities of traditional games. Challenges that could appear include a centralized curriculum, a modern viewpoint that disregards traditional games, logistical and facility issues, as well as community acceptance and involvement. These obstacles may be addressed, though, through understanding, and cooperation between parents, educators, and the community, as well as initiatives to imaginatively incorporate traditional games into children's learning.
Effectiveness of the Merdeka Belajar Policy: Challenges and Opportunities in Improving the Quality of Primary and Secondary Education in Indonesia
Authors: Prayitno Mulyo , Mahmudi Moh Rosyid
Published: February 2025

This research explores the effectiveness of the Merdeka Belajar policy in improving the quality of primary and secondary education in Indonesia as well as the challenges and opportunities faced in its implementation. Through a qualitative approach using the case study method, data was collected from in-depth interviews with teachers, school principals, and Education Service officials in several regions, as well as through analysis of policy documents and related literature. The research results show that this policy provides opportunities to improve the quality of education, especially in developing 21st-century skills such as critical thinking, collaboration, and creativity. However, there are significant obstacles in its implementation, especially related to the infrastructure gap between schools in urban and rural areas and the readiness of teachers to adopt innovative learning methods. The digital divide and limited access to training are the main obstacles that have the potential to weaken educational inequality in Indonesia. Therefore, government support in the form of funding, equitable infrastructure development, and ongoing training is very necessary to ensure that the Merdeka Belajar policy can be implemented effectively and evenly. Thus, this policy has the potential to create a more inclusive and relevant education system if these challenges can be overcome
Strut Method for the Analysis of Confined Masonry Structure with Opening
Authors: Ida Ayu Made Budiwati  , Sukrawa Made , Bhisama Ida Bagus Prastha
Published: February 2025

Confined masonry construction (CM) is an efficient earthquake-resistant structural system that consist of masonry walls as the main structure and RC tie column and beam as confining elements. Despite the growing application of CM for residential building, its analytical method is still inconclusive. Researchers have proposed Strut and Tie and V-D strut method, but it does not specifically cover CM wall with opening. In this study, a strut method was proposed for the analysis of CM wall with confined opening. Prior to development of strut model, shell model was created using layered shell element, to be validated using test results by others. The shell model was adjusted to match the load-deformation curve of test results. The strut models for various centric opening ratio were made to match the stiffness of the valid shell models to obtain relationship between opening ratio, strut dimension and modifying factor for strut axial area. All models were analyzed using static pushover to obtain non-linear P-d curves of the models, without vertical load. The effect of confinement on the wall’s opening and opening type were also investigated. Analysis results show that the responds of shell models with reduced elastic moduli produce responds that mimic the test results well. Correspond to the validated shell model, strut models with its dimensions and axial area modifying factor for the strut was proposed for the analysis of CM wall with various opening ratio. The effect of opening confinement is significantly increases the stiffness of the wall, but different opening type of the same ratio slightly change the CM responds. Nevertheless, the crack initiated on the corners of opening will be halted by the confining elements
KAJIAN MORFOLOGI RUMAH ADAT BAILEO IHAMAHU DI PROVINSI MALUKU
Authors: Lestaluhu Ghefira N A A , Meisar Ashari  , Roslyn
Published: February 2025

Rumah adat Baileo, merupakan rumah adat yang terletak di provinsi Maluku, yang memiliki nilai budaya dan sosial yang tinggi bagi masyarakat. Rumah adat Baileo tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai tempat tinggal seperti pada umumnya, namun juga sebagai pusat kegiatan adat masyarakat, upacara ritual adat, serta sebagai tempat pertemuan dan musyawarah bagi masyarakat maupun petinggi adat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan bentuk, arsitektur dan ciri visual dari rumah adat Baileo. Metode kualitatif yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini, menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dengan tokoh adat, serta studi literatur yang menyangkut mengenai aspek arsitektur dan budaya rumah adat Baileo. Bangunan ini memiliki karakteristik morfologi yang khas, antara lain tidak memiliki dinding, atap yang tinggi, tiang kayu yang besar berjumlah 9 buah di setiap sisi, juga lantai yang terbuat dari susunan papan kayu yang direkatkan dengan serat alami dari tumbuhan lokal. Baileo juga dilengkapi dengan elemen-elemen arsitektur yang diperkaya dengan ukiran-ukiran yang sarat dengan makna simbolis yang khas, cerminan kepercayaan masyarakat, sejarah yang sesuai dengan tradisi masyarakat Maluku. Rumah adat Baileo menampilkan keanekaragaman morfologi, baik dari segi bentuk fisik, ukuran, hiasan, maupun struktur, hal ini mencerminkan kebergaman budaya yang dijunjung tinggi oleh masyarakat Maluku. Bagi masyarakat Maluku, Baileo memegang peran sentral dalam kehidupan sosial dan budaya masayrakat Maluku, fungsinya yang sebagai pusat kegiatan masayarakat maupun adat dan perayaan, membuktikan pentingnya peran rumah adat ini dalam memelihara identitas dan keberlanjutan tradisi. Morfologi rumah adat ini, tidak hanya mencerminkan identitas arsitektur lokal, tetapi juga menggambarkan hubungan erat budaya, lingkungan, dan kepercayaan masyarakat Maluku.
Effectiveness of plyometric training programme in increasing reaction speed in table tennis game
Authors: Endrawan I Bagus , Nufus Hayatun , Hermansah Bambang , Hermansyah Hermansyah , Aliriad Hilmy , Mortini Asti Veto , Isnaini Lalu Moh Yudha , Dwijayanti Karlina , Anwar Saeful , Martinus Martinus
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of plyometric training programmes in improving reaction speed in table tennis players. This research method used an experimental approach with a pretest-posttest design. The study population consisted of 30 table tennis players who were divided into two groups: an experimental group that received a plyometric training programme and a control group that did not receive the intervention.
Reaction speed was measured before and after the intervention period using specialized reaction measuring devices. The results showed that the group that underwent the plyometric training programme experienced a significant increase in reaction speed compared to the control group.
In conclusion, the plyometric training programme proved to be effective in increasing reaction speed, which is an important component of table tennis. These findings have practical implications for coaches and athletes in designing more effective training programmes to improve athletic performance.
The Correlation between Lecturers’ Interpersonal Communication and Students’ Learning Motivation
Authors: Hamdan Ahmad , Attika Shidratul
Published: February 2025

Communication is used in everyday life to interact with other individuals. Establishing good communication aims to create good social conditions as well. This study aimed to determine the correlation between lecturers’ interpersonal communication and students’ learning motivation. This study was conducted using a non-experimental quantitative approach with correlational study methods. The questionnaires were developed from DeVito’s interpersonal communication theory and Pintrich & Groot’s learning motivation theory. . The respondents in this study were 36 students of the STAIN Sultan Abdurrahman Islamic Broadcasting Communication Study Program, Riau Islands. Based on the results of the correlation test, the 2-tailed Sig value was 0.003 <0.005, it can be concluded that there was a correlation between lecturers’ interpersonal communication and students’ learning motivation. This study was the first to be conducted at STAIN Sultan Abdurrahman as a tertiary education institution with a focus on effective interpersonal communication built by lecturers with students as a first step in creating a good academic atmosphere and encouraging all components of student learning motivation to achieve good academic achievement.
Sentiment Analysis of Public Opinion on Films Taylor Swift Eras Tour on the Twitter Platform Using the Machine Learning
Authors: R Nova Idriani , Dahlia Annisa , Ningum Pratiwi
Published: February 2025

Sentiment analysis is the understanding of opinions, feelings, or attitudes conveyed in texts, such as tweets, reviews, or other forms. The film “Taylor Swift: The Eras Tour” is trending among teenager, narrating Taylor Swift’s journey in the “Eras Tour” concert across various countries, encapsulated in a music-filled film. This has prompted research on sentiment analysis of netizens’ tweets about this film, considering the possibility of negative reviews. Three algorithms, Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, and Random Forest. were used with an 80:20 data ratio and the SMOTE oversampling method, which is a unique in this research to ensure data sizes for the three sentiments: positive, negative, and neutral. The final result of this research is a word cloud for each sentiment towards the film, with the Decision Tree algorithm achieving the highest accuracy at 91%. The hope for future research is to implement and focus on the emotional aspect in conducting sentiment analysis.