bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship of hydration and nanomechanical characteristics of beetle cuticle
Authors: Zhang Zhijun , Wu Wei , Tong Jin , Sun Jiyu
Published: December 2016

Insect elytra cuticle has some excellent mechanical properties, such as tenacity, waterproofness and light weight, which are the results of its laminate composite structure. Understanding the unique structural and mechanical characteristics of the elytral cuticle of beetles will facilitate the design of biomimetic composite materials. As the thickness of beetle cuticle can range from the microscale to the nanoscale, investigating the cuticle’s mechanical characteristics is difficult until nanoindentation techniques have been developed. In this study, a nanoindenter was used to explore nanomechanical characteristics, including the reduced modulus (E r) and hardness (H), of the cuticle of the dung beetle Copris ochus Motschulsky. To understand the effect of water on these characteristics, the samples were tested immediately after collection or after different periods of sample ageing. The results showed that the mechanical characteristics were strongly influenced by sample ageing and that E r and H increased with decreasing water content. The results are discussed in the context of how the mechanical characteristics of the cuticle correspond to beetle behaviour.
Statistical interpretation of soil property profiles from sparse data using Bayesian compressive sampling
Authors: Wang Y. , Zhao T.
Published: December 2016

In geotechnical engineering, the number of measurement data obtained from in situ or laboratory tests is usually sparse, especially for projects of small or medium size. Interpretation from such sparse measurement data is challenging and may result in significant statistical uncertainty, which refers to inaccuracy of the statistical inference results caused by a limited number of data used in the statistical inferences. Consider, for example, a soil property profile (i.e. variation of a soil property with depths), which is usually interpreted from sparse measurement data and unavoidably contains significant uncertainty. Geotechnical design and analysis results are greatly affected by the interpreted soil property profile and its uncertainty. Quantification of the uncertainty contained in the interpreted soil property profile is therefore essential, especially for probability-based design and analysis. This paper aims to address this problem using a Bayesian compressive sampling (BCS) method. The proposed approach is able not only to provide a rational and objective interpretation of the soil property profile from a relatively limited number of measurement data, but also to quantify the associated statistical uncertainty simultaneously. The quantified uncertainty provides an objective and explicit measure on the accuracy and reliability of the interpreted soil property profile. An important novelty of the proposed approach is that it depicts the quantitative evolution of statistical uncertainty in the interpreted profile as the number of measurement data increases. The proposed approach is illustrated using two sets of real cone penetration test data (i.e. tip resistance, qc). The qcprofile and the associated uncertainty are reasonably reconstructed and quantified from sparse qcdata points. Furthermore, as the number of measured qcpoints increases, the statistical uncertainty in the interpreted qcprofile reduces substantially. When all qcpoints are measured, the associated statistical uncertainty reduces to almost zero.
THE DISTRIBUTION AND EVOLUTION OF INDICATORS OF HOSPITAL MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY FOR THYROID CANCER IN BRAZIL
Authors: Sales Danielle Freitas , Feitosa Caroline Alves
Published: December 2016

INTRODUCTION: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm, representing approximately 1% of all malignant tumors in western countries. It is three times more common in women than in men. AIMS: To analyze the changes in the rates of hospital morbidity and mortality from thyroid cancer in Brazil during the period from 2000 to 2012. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is an ecological study, with data from the Brazilian Health Information Systems. Data regarding hospital morbidity and mortality from thyroid cancer (CID 10 C73) were collected as well as variables such as schooling, ethnicity and age group. RESULTS: This study identified 39,191 hospitalizations for thyroid cancer and 6,914 deaths from the same cause in the period investigated, with the occurrence and deaths much higher in women. Furthermore, the number of cases is also greater in subjects with incomplete basic schooling, and among individuals aged between 40-49 years. DISCUSSION: The findings are supported by other studies, although some of the characteristics of the patients have never been evaluated previously. CONCLUSION: Over the 13 year period assessed, there was an increase in the rates of hospital morbidity and mortality from thyroid cancer for both men and women in Brazil. More research on this subject is needed as well as health policies to increase awareness of the population about thyroid cancer and improve access to health services.
Szívvel és alázattal. 140 éve született Dr. Polgár Sándor (1876–1944)
Authors: Schmidt Dávid
Published: December 2016

Dr. Polgár Sándor Győr megye legjelentősebb botanikusa volt. Munkásságának kiemelkedőbb eredményeit a florisztika, növényföldrajz, taxonómia, valamint az adventív flóra kutatása területén érte el. 1941-ben megjelent életműve, a Győrmegye flórája korának egyik legmodernebb monográfiája volt, amely napjainkban is sokat idézett alapmű. Felismerte és leírta hazánk egyik legritkább sárma-faját, az Ornithogalum ×degenianum-ot. Intenzív herbáriumi gyűjtő tevékenységet folytatott, gyűjtött lapjainak száma több, mint húszezer. Győri főreáliskolai tanárként 35 éven át tanított, ahol gyakorlatias módszereivel, tárgyszeretetével generációkban formálta ki a természet iránt érzett felelősséget.
Pótlások Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlaszához II.
Authors: Molnár Csaba , Lengyel Attila , Molnár V. Attila , Nagy Timea , Csábi Miklós , Süveges Kristóf , Lengyel-Vaskor Dóra , Tóth György , Takács Attila
Published: December 2016

Jelen közleményünk annak a sorozatnak a második része, melynek célja a Magyarország edényes növényfajainak elterjedési atlasza térképeinek kiegészítése, főként aktuális előfordulási adatokkal. Ezúttal 612 edényes taxon előfordulási adatait közöljük az ország szinte egész területéről (mintegy 283 flóratérképezési kvadrátból), de legnagyobb számban az Északi-középhegységből. Az adatok között ritkább őshonos taxonok (e.g. Antennaria dioica, Bupleurum pachnospermum, Carex rostrata, Ceratocephala testiculata, Cicuta virosa, Cirsium boujartii, Epipactis moravica, Lycopsis arvensis, Parnassia palustris, Pyrus nivalis, Rumex kerneri, Rumex pulcher, Silene nemoralis, Stellaria alsine, Teucrium botrys, Vicia lutea), ritka, vagy legalábbis adathiányos idegenhonos fajok (például Nonea lutea, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Silybum marianum) mellett országosan elterjedt, de többé-kevésbé alulreprezentált fajok (például Eragrostis minor, Heliotropium europaeum, Saxifraga tridactylites) esetében is közöljük az Atlasz térképeihez képest újnak bizonyuló lelőhelyeket. Közleményünk számottevően hozzájárul a Ranunculus illyricus és a Spergula pentandra nyírségi, valamint a Senecio vernalis hazai elterjedésének ismeretéhez.
The Impact of Road Accidents to the Community of Iringa Municipality: Challenges in Reducing Risks
Authors: Haulle Evaristo , Kisiri Marwa
Published: December 2016

This paper examines impact of Road Accidents on community socio-economic activities in Iringa municipality. It assumes that accident as any disaster adversely affects people, property and environment. The paper employed questionnaire, interview, observation and documentary search for data collection. The study found that road accidents on-site conditions were caused by poor infrastructure, overloading of vehicles, law impunity, inadequacy of relevant laws, corruption, negligence of drivers, lack of road safety education and road traffic signs. Road accidents caused loss of lives, increase of dependence, destruction of property, increase of poverty, injuries and permanent disabilities. Provision of training to drivers, serious enforcement of the laws, provision of education to road users through public agitations, posters and television broadcasts, introduction of ad hoc inspection of road quality and transport facilities were some of the techniques used to curb the risk. Generally, road accidents caused a great loss of human, physical and natural resources. The intervention is on on-site conditions while very little attention is put on the root causes. It is recommended that, in addressing this human induced disaster the government in collaborations with other stakeholders should focus on the root causes in a participatory manner to bring community equity hence sustainable development.
Legitimering gjennom (selektiv) felles fortid: russisk bruk av historie i Ukraina-konflikten
Authors: Holm Minda
Published: December 2016

Abstract: Legitimation Through a (Selective) Shared Past: Russia’s Use of History in the Conflict in Ukraine
How has Russia used history to justify its actions in the conflict in Ukraine? Through an analysis of official statements of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as speeches and remarks by Putin, this article argues that history has played an important but varying role in official rhetoric. With Crimea, the emphasis was on the ‘sanctity’ of the territory for Russian Orthodox identity, drawing on history dating back to the baptism of Prince Vladimir in 10th century AC. The shared past of the two states has not been as central in official Russian policy justification regarding Ukraine outside Crimea: the ‘brotherhood’ of the two nations has been noted repeatedly, but usually secondary to arguments pertaining to economic and political interests. The two world wars have been used as a cautionary tale, with Russia effectively seeking to delegitimize the new Ukrainian government by evoking carefully selected elements of its past. Finally, the author looks at the use of international precedence as a form of justification, turning the history of Western – US in particular – actions back on Russia’s critics. The official usage of history is placed within broader strategies of legitimation, as it is not enough to study propaganda and manipulation strategies as part of information warfare to explain how the Kremlin achieves support for its policies. The ‘thick’ historical narratives of Crimea play on elements linked to issues of national identity, making it difficult to dispute using the type of counter-propaganda and rebuttal of disinformation proposed by some.
(Published: December 2016)
Citation: Minda Holm (2016) «Legitimering gjennom (selektiv) felles fortid: russisk bruk av historie i Ukraina-konflikten». Nordisk Østforum 30 [4] 214–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.17585/nof.v30.537
O Fenômeno “Reclame Aqui” à Luz da Antropologia Jurídica: Um Exemplo de Pluralismo Jurídico
Authors: Nascimento Marcelo Tadeu , Barbosa Marco Antonio
Published: December 2016

O presente trabalho propõe abordar o fenômeno Reclame Aqui, canal digital por meio do qual fornecedores e consumidores dialogam sobre impasses e resolvem seus conflitos (direitos consumeristas). O método é a revisão bibliográfica e a análise direta da funcionalidade do referido site. Desse modo, verificar a possibilidade de enquadramento desse canal digital na perspectiva dos sistemas mistos de Direito, conforme a definição da Antropologia Jurídica contemporânea a qual sustenta que em um campo social determinado é possível identificar comportamentos ligados a mais de um sistema jurídico, que o Estado (direito oficial) nega, reconhece ou tolera, constitui-se no problema e no objetivo da pesquisa. Conclui-se que o fenômeno Reclame Aqui se enquadra na referida perspectiva teórico-antropológica. Isso em razão do fato de se constituir em meio de solução de conflitos relativos aos direitos do consumidor sem, no entanto, apenas se pautar nas normas do direito oficial, mas, adotando soluções criativas, não dogmáticas, que visam sobretudo a solução do problema, dando, assim, provas de visão alargada do Direito, cujas principais referências são a eficácia e a ética.
Direito de Informação: Dimensão Coletiva da Liberdade de Expressão e Democracia
Authors: Favero Sabrina , Steinmetz Wilson Antônio
Published: December 2016

Analisa-se o direito à informação como dimensão coletiva da liberdade de expressão. Identificam-se as similaridades e diferenças entre a liberdade de expressão e de informação, destacando a responsabilidade do agente informador e o papel da informação na participação política dos cidadãos. Com base na teoria democrática da liberdade de expressão, o objetivo é demonstrar que a informação exerce influência sobre a opinião pública e, por isso, reclama um dever estatal na proteção e promoção efetiva desse direito. Metodologicamente, adota-se uma perspectiva analítico-normativa de abordagem.
The SLEM Model as an Assessment Method for Local Goods’ Competitiveness
Authors: Bartha Zoltán , Molnár László
Published: December 2016

In this paper we develop and present the SLEM model created to measure the market potential of local goods suppliedby the entrepreneurs of the Cserehát region, one of the most deprived regions of Hungary. The SLEM model evaluatesgoods along four dimensions: supplier conditions, labour conditions, (professional) embeddedness, and marketconditions. The four pillars were measured with factors that are easily accessible, and so the evaluation can berepeated with other regions as well. In case of Cserehát, we have identified the following five groups of local goodswith the greatest potential: animal husbandry; honey; spices and pharmaceutical crops; nature tourism; and mineralwater.
Acute lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome: a case report and detailed literature review
Authors: Alfaraj Ahlam M. , Alfaraj Zainab M. , Alsahwan Abdullah G.
Published: December 2016

The 17th case of acute lumbar paraspinal compartment syndrome in the scientific/medical literature was presented in this study. We then review all 17 cases for demographic and clinical characteristics, in particular in terms of how they influence ultimate outcomes. All but one case occurred in a male, and most patients were less than age 40 (71%). Symptoms typically were precipitated by some athletic activity (59%), other causes were surgery (n = 4), drug abuse (n = 2), and direct trauma (n =1). Peak CPK values ranged from 5000 to 350,000 U/L. Ten patients ultimately achieved or were presumed to achieve full recovery, six had persistent low back pain several months later and one remained in renal failure. The only predictor of final outcome was the treatment given, with six of seven who underwent surgical fasciotomy and both patients administered hyperbaric oxygen experiencing full recovery, versus just two of seven treated conservatively (p = 0.03).
Limberg flap for pilonidal sinus: an institutional study
Authors: Mulla Sameer Ahmed , Pai Srinivas , Mahalingashetty Prakash
Published: December 2016

Background: Pilonidal sinus disease is a common disorder affecting the gluteal cleft and it is notoriously recurrent. Limberg flap is a well-known surgical modality for the treatment of pilonidal sinus. This study aims at studying the surgery in a single institution.Methods: This is a prospective study of 17 limberg flaps done from 2013 to 2016. The various demographic, clinical and surgical data are studied and compared to other studies.Results: In this study, 17 patients of sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease underwent rhomboid excision and limberg flap reconstruction. The mean duration of symptoms was 6.52 months (2-13 months), and the mean operative time was 67.05 min with a range from 60 to 90 min. The mean post-operative stay was 6.05 days (3 to 10 days).Conclusions: Recurrence is known and hence surgery with flap coverage not only decreases the recurrence rates, but it also makes the stay short by eliminating daily dressing. Limberg flap is an easy and efficient way with less and manageable complication.
Modification of the deoxyribose test to detect strong iron binding
Authors: Sadowska-Bartosz Izabela A. , Galiniak Sabina , Bartosz Grzegorz
Published: December 2016

Deoxyribose test has been widely used for determination of reactivities of various compounds for the hydroxyl radical. The test is based on the formation of hydroxyl radical by Fe2+ complex in the Fenton reaction. We propose a modification of the deoxyribose test to detect strong iron binding, inhibiting participation of Fe2+ in the Fenton reaction, on the basis of examination of concentration dependence of deoxyribose damage on Fe2+concentration, at a constant concentration of a chelating agent.
Silver ions as EM marker of congo red ligation sites in amyloids and amyloid-like aggregates
Authors: Rybarska Janina , Konieczny Leszek , Jagusiak Anna , Chłopaś Katarzyna , Zemanek Grzegorz , Piekarska Barbara , Stopa Barbara , Piwowar Piotr , Woźnicka Olga , Roterman Irena
Published: December 2016

Congo red (CR) which is known to act as selective amyloid ligand may when binds to these protein forms reflect their internal molecular structure. The disclosure by EM of sites binding the dye and their distribution in amyloids and amyloid-like aggregates formed in vitro is the focus of our work. In order to produce the required contrast, CR has been indirectly combined with metal via including by intercalation of Titan yellow (TY) which exhibits relatively strong affinity for silver ions. The resulting combined ligand retains its ability to bind to proteins which it owes to CR and can easily be detected in EM studies thanks to TY less active in penetration to proteins. We have found however that in protein aggregates where unfolding is stabilized by aggregation and therefore irreversible, TY alone may serve as both ligand and metal carrier.The formation of ordered structures in amyloids were studied using IgG light chains with amyloidogenic properties, converted into amyloids through shaking. The resulting EM images were subjected to interpretation on the basis of the authors’ earlier research into the CR/light chain complexation process. Results indicate that dimeric light chains, which are the subject of our study, produce amyloids or amyloid-like complexes with chain-like properties and strong helicalization tendencies. Cursory analysis suggests that edge polypeptide loops belonging to unstable light chains form intermolecular bridges which promote creation of loose gel deposits, or are otherwise engaged in swapping processes leading to higher structural ordering.
Assessing Self Efficacy Sources and its Relation to Master Athlete’s Achievement in Kobudo Martial Arts Sport
Authors: Shwedeh Saqer K.H , Salem Suha Fouad , Salem Sharif Omer
Published: December 2016

Self-efficacy is one ability to achieve success, and individuals engaging in competitive sports, including athletes and coaches, often have identified it as a most important mental skill for a success in sport. This research study aims to assess the self-efficacy sources and its relation to Master Athlete’s achievement in Kobudo Martial Arts Sport. A multidimensional research model has been proposed based on the self-efficacy theory. Total of 233 respondents of the questionnaire were collected from players who participated in the competition. The results showed that the research model could significantly predict master players achievement in Martial Arts (MA). The findings would be valuable for academicians and Martial Arts master players and coaches.
The Development of Multicultural Discourse in the Historical Learning: A Case Study on Samudra University Langsa Aceh
Authors: Akob Bachtiar
Published: December 2016

The research analyzed the efforts conducted in the domain of historical learning in a university, especially related to how the past memory influences the recent multicultural discourses. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive analysis with case study approach. The research was divided into three parts: (1) collecting data, (2) analyzing data, and (3) reporting the results of the research. Subjects of the research were selected by using purposive sampling technique; they were the 4th semester students up to the 6th semester students of the History Education Department in Samudra University Langsa Aceh. The research resulted findings that conceptually the students had understood about the concept of multicultural. Nevertheless, multicultural discourse had not touched the context of locality. Historical learning was designed to develop and expand the students’ multicultural discourse. The design of historical learning contains the learning strategy of ENACT, consisting of six stages: apperception, exploration, narrowing, analyzing, creating and teaching. Historical learning forms the students’ multiculturalism discourse, built from a historical understanding and the dynamics of Acehnese society. The students viewed that multicultural is a social condition, formed from historical process. Conflict understood by students as the dynamics which is inseparable from a multicultural society. However, the students considered that conflict caused many endless problems, therefore, the students’ multicultural discourse tended to lead to peace condition. Keywords: Historical Learning, ENACT, Multicultural.
Enlargement Project and readjustment of the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the Cuenca University, Building of Post-degree
Authors:   Universidad de Cuenca, Ramos Monori Leonardo
Published: December 2016

Las nuevas circunstancias de la política académica institucional, la superación de la falta de dotación del número de aulas para cubrir las actuales necesidades, racionalizar asignaciones y horarios, y la mayor dotación de cubículos para fines de investigación y labores vinculadas a la docencia para un mayor número de catedráticos, motiva a la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca en el año 2007 a proponer la ampliación de su infraestructura. El presente artículo ha sido preparado en base a la memoria técnica presentada y que resultó ganadora en el concurso. En el mismo se muestra la intención del diseñador y las consideraciones que se tuvieron tanto para la construcción del nuevo edificio, como algunas de las readecuaciones en los edificios existentes que fueron integradas a la propuesta.
Understanding sustainable architecture as an entity essentially generated from its environment
Authors:   Universidad de Cuenca, Galindo Tomás
Published: December 2016

Este artículo sugiere una aproximación sui generis a la concepción de anteproyecto arquitectónico sostenible, en donde la respuesta que la arquitectura proporciona a la problemática establecida está definida exclusivamente a partir de los resultados tangibles que proporciona el análisis de una serie de condicionantes específicos, determinados por el entorno o contexto arquitectónico, así como por los parámetros funcionales implícitos dentro del tema de proyecto. Evidentemente, cabe resaltar que la temática de este artículo se ve reflejada en su contenido por medio de una descripción y apreciación personal de su autor sobre el método evidenciable a partir de la lectura del documento de tesis de grado: “Centro de Investigación Científica con fines turísticos & Museo de Meteorología en la isla San Cristóbal, provincia de Galápagos”, documento citado en la bibliografía de este artículo.
Private motor vehicles and the problem of public transport in the historic centres: the case of Cuenca-Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad de Cuenca, Moscoso Cordero María Soledad
Published: December 2016

El transporte, la peatonalización y la conservación son tres principales problemas en la gestión de las ciudades patrimoniales, especialmente en las ciudades latinoamericanas, donde los recursos económicos limitan su acceso a sistemas sostenibles de transporte.Después de contar con un panorama general del problema y sus causas, se han investigado las soluciones así como la implementación de políticas adecuadas, vinculadas con el tema, en los centros históricos. Asimismo, se analizaron casos exitosos concretos de los sistemas de gestión del tráfico desarrollados en ciudades del Patrimonio Mundial con la finalidad de encontrar soluciones transferibles y adaptables al contexto de Cuenca, una de las dos ciudades Patrimonio de la Humanidad del Ecuador.
Some reflections on Cuenca, Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Authors:   Universidad de Cuenca, Carvallo Cordero Honorato
Published: December 2016

Han transcurrido ya quince años desde la honrosa designación de Cuenca como Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad, tiempo suficiente para hacer un espacio y, entre nosotros, meditar sobre cómo estamos¡ caminando y asumiendo esta enorme responsabilidad, porque, si bien es un honor, es también un compromiso de engrandecimiento y respeto a esta ciudad. Evidentemente, el mundo está pendiente del cumplimiento del valioso encargo que se nos ha entregado.
Biological agents as pivotal elements of the urban landscape of Cuenca. The before, the now and the after
Authors:   Universidad de Cuenca, Cordero Cueva Paula
Published: December 2016

Para comprender la articulación entre el paisaje y los agentes biológicos en Cuenca durante los últimos 15 años, es necesario realizar un análisis del pasado, el presente y el futuro en la historia de este paisaje. Los seres vivos son agentes de cambio y transformación de la¡ imagen de la ciudad, las plantas y animales dependen de nosotros y viceversa. Desgraciadamente, al consolidarse y crecer, la ciudad de Cuenca va perdiendo áreas verdes y la conexión entre los corredores biológicos que sustentan el paisaje.
Cuenca in these fifteen years
Authors:   Centro de Investigación y Conservación de Patrimonio Cultural, López Avilés Monika
Published: December 2016

Al iniciar nuestra exposición experimentamos sentimientos encontrados, por un lado el entusiasmo de tener la posibilidad de expresar algunas reflexiones desde nuestra profesión en Conservación de Patrimonio Material Mueble en la ciudad de Cuenca, justamente desde la fecha de la Declaratoria allá por 1999. Y por otro, una especie de sinsabor porque al parecer cualquier esfuerzo investigativo en el tema, no tiene el alcance esperado en la ciudad.
Parallel urban developments: Leonardo Da Vinci - Étienne Cabet
Authors:   Universidad de Granada, Hidalgo García David
Published: December 2016

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) encarna el ideal humanista del saber universal y es considerado como uno de los artistas y genios del Renacimiento. Es más conocido como pintor aunque realizó excelentes aportaciones a la arquitectura, a la morfología urbana y a la restauración. Su estudio de mayor importancia, en el campo de los estudios urbanos, es Cittá idéale donde expone la organización de una nueva ciudad que rompe con los sistemas urbanos tradicionales; esta obra presenta grandes similitudes con a ciudad utópica de Icara, descrita por Étienne Cabet (1788-1856) en su novela Voyage en Icarie publicada en París en 1840. Muestra las similitudes entre ambas propuestas publicadas en distintos ámbitos geográficos, con una diferencia de 355 años y cuyo único nexo es la ciudad de París.
Simulation of Natural lighting in offices: comparison of light levels according to season, orientation, color and time: Implications for visual efficiency
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Zambrano Prado Perla Liliana , Prado León Lilia Rosalía ,   Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: December 2016

Este artículo se centró en el desarrollo de 36 simulaciones virtuales de iluminación natural, con el objetivo de proporcionar una visión de los aportes de la simulación de luz natural en un espacio de oficina y describir sus resultados según las normas para la eficiencia visual, considerando variaciones estacionales, de hora, de orientación y de color a través de la utilización de software especializado. Se compararon tres estaciones del año, en dos horarios distintos y dos orientaciones (Norte y Sur) en donde se colocó una única ventana. El software utilizado fue Radiance y Autodesk Ecotect, los resultados mostraron que los niveles de iluminación promedio llegan a superar hasta por 27 veces los valores establecidos por Norma Oficial Mexicana (NOM-025-STPS-1999 condiciones de iluminación en los centros de trabajo) en la orientación Sur en época de invierno a las 12:00 hrs. También se demostró que el coeficiente de reflexión del color juega un papel imprescindible, aumentando hasta en un 63% el nivel de iluminación.
Learning Analytics: Richer Perspectives Across Stakeholders
Authors: Knight Simon , Dawson Shane , Gašević Dragan , Jovanović Jelena , Hershkovitz Arnon
Published: December 2016

This issue of the Journal of Learning Analytics features seven research papers, complemented by a practitioner research paper (Dvorak & Jia). Papers by McCoy and Shih, and Knight, Brozina, and Novoselich discuss the important topic of educators working with educational data, alongside (in the latter paper) student perspectives on learning analytics. Douglas, Bermel, Alam, and Madhavan; and Waddington, Nam, Lonn, and Teasley offer empirical insight on developing a richer perspective on learning material interaction and engagement in online learning contexts (MOOCs, and LMS’ respectively). Dvorak and Jia bring a practitioner perspective to the issue in their discussion of approaches to analyzing online work habits via timeliness, regularity, and intensity. Sutherland and White, and Vieira, Goldstein, Purzer, and Magana offer focus on specific subject-based learning activities (algebra learning, and student experimentation strategies in engineering design, respectively). Finally, Howley and Rosé discuss the complex interactions of theory and method in computational modeling of group learning processes. The issue also features a special section on learning analytics tutorials, edited by Gašević and Pechenizkiy. The editorial concludes with a report of the recent ‘hot spots section’ consultation from the editorial team of the journal.
Towards Careful Practices for Automated Linguistic Analysis of Group Learning
Authors: Howley Iris K , Rose Carolyn Penstein
Published: December 2016

This paper reviews work in progress towards bridging the field of linguistics and its operationalizations of discourse, and that of frameworks for studying collaborative learning that are rooted directly in the learning sciences.  We begin with the vision of a multi-dimensional coding and counting analysis approach that might serve as a boundary object between the variety of methodological approaches to analysis of collaborative learning that exist within the Learning Sciences.  We outline what we have discovered from a combination of hand coding, comparison with alternative analytic approaches including network analytic and qualitative approaches, correlational analyses in connection with learning-relevant extralinguistic variables, and computational modeling.  We explore both the contribution of work to date as well as the many remaining challenges.
Constraint-Referenced Analytics of Algebra Learning
Authors: Sutherland Scot McRobert , White Tobin F
Published: December 2016

The development of the constraint-referenced analytics tool for monitoring algebra learning activities presented here came from the desire to firstly, take a more quantitative look at student responses in collaborative algebra activities, and secondly, to situate those activities in a more traditional introductory algebra setting focusing on procedural understanding. Procedural skill was analyzed by modeling the complexity of attempts to make equivalent transformations of algebraic expressions. The constraint-referenced analytics system uses log files of student inputs on a classroom network of handheld devices to measure success rate as students make attempts to replace one algebraic expression with another equivalent expression.  The analytics engine produced psychometrically verifiable results. Moving averages of student performance revealed that when students experienced a period of struggle and persisted in attempting similar transformations, an apparent conceptual shift led to subsequent success. Students also responded to periods of struggle by switching to familiar tasks or choosing non-participation.
O Ensino Médio no Brasil e o Instituto UNIBANCO: um caso de privatização da educação pública e as implicações para o trabalho docente
Authors: Caetano Maria Raquel
Published: December 2016

RESUMOEste artigo analisa as implicações do Programa Jovem de Futuro, para a gestão da educação e das escolas de ensino médio no âmbito da parceria efetivada entre o público, representado pelo MEC, e o privado, pelo Instituto Unibanco, para efetivação do Programa nas redes estaduais de ensino. Parte do pressuposto de que a redefinição do papel do Estado ocorre como consequência da crise atual do capital e pelas estratégias de superação através das ações do Estado, fomentando reformas na educação no Brasil e no mundo. Dessa forma, analisaremos, neste artigo, como ocorre a privatização do público na proposta do Instituto Unibanco através do Programa Jovem de Futuro, abordando as implicações para o trabalho docente através da análise do conteúdo da proposta de gestão do programa.Palavras-chave: Gestão. Privatização. Programa Jovem de Futuro.ABSTRACTThis article analyzes the implications of Youth of Future Program for the management of education and high schools within the effective partnership between the public, epresented by MEC, and private, by Unibanco Institute, for realization of the program in state education networks. It assumes that the redefinition of the state’s role is as a result of the current crisis in the capital and the coping strategies through state actions, fostering reforms in education in Brazil and worldwide. Thus, we will analyze in this article, how privatization of the public occurs by the proposal of Unibanco Institute through the Youth of Future Program, addressing the implications for teaching by analyzing the content of the program management proposal.Keywords: Management. Privatization. Youth of Future Program.RESUMENEste artículo analisa las implicaciones del Programa Joven de Futuro, para la gestión de la educación y de la sescuelas secundarias en el ámbito de la asociación efectiva entre el público, representado por el MEC, y privado, por el Instituto Unibanco, para la efectivación del Programa en el sistema escolar estatal. Parte de la presuposición de que la redefinición del papel del Estado ocurre como consecuencia de la crisis actual del capital y por las estrategias de superación a través de las acciones del Estado, fomentando reformas en la educación en Brasil y en el mundo. Por lo tanto, analizaremos, en este artículo, como ocurre la privatización del público en la propuesta del Instituto Unibanco a través del Programa Joven de Futuro, enfocando las implicaciones para el trabajo docente mediante el análisis del contenido de la propuesta de gestión del programa.Palabras clave: Gestión. Privatización. Programa Jovem de Futuro.
Livro Didático: a construção de uma política educacional e social
Authors: Melo Fernando Garcez de
Published: December 2016

RESUMOO livro didático é uma ferramenta pedagógica amplamente lida e utilizada no Brasil, embora também descartada e subutilizada, paradoxalmente. Mais do que instrumento pedagógico, é meio difusor de ideologias, de um imaginário social hegemônico, organizador de currículo. Atributos,não raro, conflitantes. Importa que investigar e deslindar esses pontos torna-se profícuo para evitarmos de banalizarmos questões educacionais, principalmente sob o manto de teorias deterministas. Desse modo, traçamos como objetivo compreender a dinâmica de construção da política para o livro didático no Brasil. Metodologicamente, nos valemos de fontes históricas-documentais para analisar o período de 1938 até 1984, a luz da perspectiva historicista de Gramsci, que contribui para tornar compreensível os meandros da política educacional e social elaborada em torno dos livros didáticos. Palavras-chave: Livro didático. Educação. Política educacional.ABSTRACTThe textbook is a widely pedagogical tool read and used in Brazil, but also discarded and underutilized, paradoxically. More than a teaching tool, it is of kind diffuser of ideologies, a hegemonic social imaginary, curriculum organizer. Attributes, often conflicting. It does matter that to investigate and disentangle these points becomes fruitful to avoid to trivialize educational issues, especially under the cloak of determinist theories. Thus, we aimed to understand the policy of building momentum for the textbook in Brazil. Methodologically, we make use of historical-documentary sources to analyze the period 1938 to 1984, the light of the historicist perspective of Gramsci, which helps to make understandable the intricacies of educational and social policy designed around the textbooks.Keywords: Textbook. Education. Educational policy.RESUMENEl libro didáctico es una herramienta pedagógica muy leída y utilizada en Brasil, aunque también descartada y subutilizada, paradójicamente. Más que herramienta pedagógica, es un médio difusor de ideologías, de un imaginario social hegemónico, organizador de plan de estudios. Atributos, no raro, conflictante. Investigar y esclarecer estos puntos se convierte provechoso para evitar banalizar cuestiones educativas, sobre todo bajo el manto de teorías deterministas. Por lo tanto, tenemos como objetivo compreender la dinámica de construcción de la política para ellibro didáctico en Brasil. Metodológicamente, hacemos uso de fuentes históricas documentales para analizar el período 1938 hasta 1984, a la luz de la perspectiva historicista de Gramsci, que contribuye para hacer comprensible los meandros de la política educativa y social diseñada en torno de los libros didácticos.Palabras clave: Libro Didáctico. Eeducación. Política educativa.
Irrelevant, Irrelevant, Irrelevant! Time to change our approach to research?
Authors: Dean Rachel
Published: December 2016

To be able to practice evidence-based veterinary medicine, clinicians need high quality relevant evidence to integrate with their clinical decision making. Relevance is possibly more important than quality as even the best evidence cannot be used if it can't be applied to veterinary practice.

Research waste that refers to research that is undertaken where the results do not influence practice. It has been suggested that over 80% of research is wasted but is currently unknown how widespread this phenomenon is in veterinary medicine. Research waste occurs when research addresses the wrong question, it is poorly designed, executed or reported or not reported at all. 

If the research question doesn't include the correct population of interest e.g. First opinion rather than referral caseload, animals with or without co-morbidities, then applying the results to practice will be impossible. The same is true if the interventions, tests and outcomes. One way of ensuring the research question is relevant to the end user is to involve stakeholders in prioritising and planning research. It has been shown by a number of researchers that poor study design and execution occurs frequently in veterinary research. The inadequacies in our evidence base can vary from the selection of inappropriate study design for the question posed through to the selection of inappropriate outcome measures. Poor reporting is also a feature of a large proportion of veterinary research which can hinder the use of the research findings. Even if research is reported well, unless it is open access the key people who could use the results may not be able to read it. We need to examine the ways in which research is currently reported in the veterinary profession and develop additional efficient methods for disseminating research results

All of us (researchers, funders, publishers and users of research) have a vested interest and ethical responsibility in quantifying and reducing research waste in veterinary medicine, This will save money, time and ultimately the lives of patients. This talk will open the debate on this subject and tackle some of the challenges that we may face as we consider a new less wasteful approach to research.
Can Practice-Based Evidence Complement and Promote EBVM?
Authors: Budsberg Steve , Church David
Published: December 2016

Practice-based research should be performed in all practice settings if the results are to be applied to all practice settings. While the previous statement seems intuitive, that is to have practice-based evidence strengthen evidence-based medicine. The development of such a system of data collection and dissemination has not developed very rapidly.

This lecture will describe how the VetCompass Programme has grown and evolved to now provide a world-leading platform for unbiased, invisible data collection...

This is a podcast of Steve and David's talk at the Veterinary Evidence Today conference, Edinburgh November 1, 2016.

 
The European Union as a Major Player in the Fight Against Climate Change: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Pozo Carlos Fco. Molina del , Martin Pablo Cristobal Molina del Pozo
Published: December 2016

Why is it important to reconsider the elements related to climate change? Is the European Union indeed a major player? What kind of role do civil society and the European citizens have in this difficult situation of constant changes? Could we consider the fight against climate change as a possible link to the future creation of a federal union in Europe? These questions and comments are just a few of the numerous questions that we will try to respond in this paper. We will provide a comprehensive overview of the current framework which is mainly based on the Treaties and the international agreements that have been adopted over time. With this paper we wish to alert our readers and raise their awareness on the issue, not by proving something that is already happening, as innumerable scientists suggest, i.e. global climate change, but by focusing on the role the European Union could play as a leader that is able to achieve the clear objectives and major goals of sustainable development. We will also present an overview concerning the context of civil society in which we will present various opinions showing the approach of the EESC on the issue. Furthermore, we will address some key areas outlining the underlying concepts and highlighting the importance of citizen participation in this vast and important topic in order to ensure that, thanks to the cooperation of all stakeholders, a global climate agreement can become more feasible. The purpose of this paper is to provide positive elements and possible solutions to the major issue of climate change by reaching conclusions for the future situation with a broad perspective.
Aspectos Jurídicos dos Protestos Públicos no Brasil
Authors: Buzanello José Carlos
Published: December 2016

O Brasil está inovando na atividade política por meio dos protestos públicos, no qual multidões de pessoas tomam ruas e prédios, demandando questões ao Estado e à própria sociedade. Este fenômeno, ainda não está explicado suficientemente pelos pesquisadores. Estes protestos são legitimados pelo sistema constitucional como expressão do pluralismo político do Estado Democrático de Direito, contudo nem sempre são pacíficos. Quando estes movimentos descambam para a violência e com incidentes gravosos contra pessoas e bens públicos e privados, questiona-se, quem responde juridicamente por esses danos? O Estado, a sociedade, a entidade responsável pelo evento ou individualmente cada agente causador do dano? Essas questões serão analisadas a luz das teorias da responsabilidade do Estado no regime constitucional vigente, pois a fundamentação depende da análise histórica dos institutos jurídicos e das práticas que envolvem esses fatos. Diante desse complexo problema político-jurídico, até onde o Estado é responsável diante dos incidentes gravosos, quais as atenuante ou exclusões na sua obrigação de indenizar. Tudo indica que a solução mais adequada juridicamente ainda está na análise e na interpretação do caso concreto.
O Prosseguimento do Processo Penal para o Réu Revel Citado por Edital à Luz dos Princípios Constitucionais do Contraditório e da Ampla Defesa
Authors: Santos Luiz Valerio dos , Souza Neto José Laurindo de
Published: December 2016

A paralisação indefinida do processo poderia levar a situações de imprescritibilidade não previstas na Constituição da República e, ante a ausência de previsão legal, o Superior Tribunal de Justiça editou a Súmula 415 pacificando o entendimento de que o prazo prescricional não pode ficar suspenso por período superior ao período máximo de prescrição, regulado pelo máximo da pena cominada. No entanto, há divergência nos tribunais pátrios quanto à possibilidade de prosseguimento, não apenas do prazo prescricional, mas também do processo, mesmo sem a presença do réu. O objetivo buscado no presente trabalho é analisar a situação processual do réu revel, citado por edital, após o decurso do período máximo de suspensão do prazo prescricional, bem como verificar se é possível, à luz dos princípios constitucionais do contraditório e da ampla defesa, retomar o prosseguimento do processo, ainda que o réu não tenha sido localizado para citação pessoal. O método usado é o dedutivo. A pesquisa é bibliográfica de natureza doutrinária e jurisprudencial.
Tele-proximity: Tele-community of Inquiry Model. Facial Cues for Social, Cognitive, and Teacher Presence in Distance Education
Authors: Themeli Chryssa , Bougia Anna
Published: December 2016

Distance education is expanding in all continents, and the use of video has dominated internet. Synchronous Video Communication (SVC) has not been an option thoroughly investigated and practitioners, who use and design synchronous learning scenarios, are in urgent need of guidance. Distant learners face many barriers, and as a result, they drop out more frequently than on-campus students. Educators seem to be equally affected by the “transactional distance” and the new digital literacies needed for facilitating online learning. This study explores the educators’ perspective on how SVC could offer alternative educational forms and possibilities for distance learning. Findings had indicated that the use of visual communication and human to human contact (prosopogonosia: seeing faces) could have a strong impact on learning and teaching, therefore, a theory called Tele-proximity was formulated. Tele-proximity is defined as online embodiment that explains how instructors and students are connected in synchronous networked environment via tele-operations. SVC creates a sense of place or a stage where online identities perform and highlights recent research on audio-visual signals in communication and team work (Pentland, 2012, 2008).  The theory can be seen as an extension of the Community of Inquiry Model (Garrison, Anderson & Archer, 2000) and a theoretical framework according to which learning objectives could be designed. Transactional distance could be minimized and may be implemented to facilitate more synchronous, visual, and humane options in distance education.