bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Low Back Pain in Malaysia: A Scoping Review
Authors:   Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Abas Ab. Hamid ,   Training Institute of Ministry of Health Malaysia Sultan Azlan Shah, Perak, Malaysia, Daud Aziah ,   Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Mohd Hairon Suhaily ,   Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Shafei Mohd Nazri ,   Department of Community Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: June 2023

Data on the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain (LBP) in Malaysia remain unclear as they are currently limited to specific settings and occupational groups. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain in Malaysia. In this scoping review, we had systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar from January 2016 to April 2020. In addition, we had included cross-sectional studies on LBP in Malaysia. Studies without data on the prevalence and risk factors were excluded. The settings, population, design, sample size, evaluation methods, prevalence and risk factors of the studies were summarised. The literature search identified 435 potentially eligible studies; of these, 21 had met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of LBP in Malaysia among various types of the population had ranged from 12.4% to 84.6%. Among the various types of occupation, the prevalence of LBP was the highest among nurses (67.9%), followed by drivers (65.7%). In addition, age, gender, body mass index (BMI), lifting heavy objects, working posture, lifestyle, working hours and mental health were identified as the risk factors of LBP in Malaysia. The current evidence suggests that LBP is a serious health problem among several occupational groups in Malaysia. Therefore, it is crucial to implement the correct interventions for the prevention of LBP among these groups.
An Overview on the Alignment of Radiation Protection in Computed Tomography with Maqasid al-Shari’ah in the Context of al-Dharuriyat
Authors:   Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia, Bohang Siti Aisyah Munirah , Sohaimi Norhanna ,   Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiotherapy, Kulliyyah of Allied Health Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Pahang, Malaysia
Published: June 2023

The increasing utilisation of computed tomography (CT) in the medical field has raised a greater concern regarding the radiation-induced health effects as CT imposes high radiation risks on the exposed individual. Adherence to radiation protection measures in CT as endorsed by regulatory bodies; justification, optimisation and dose limit, is essential to minimise radiation risks. Islam values every human being and Maqasid al-Shari’ah helps to protect human beings through its sacred principles which aim to fulfil human beings’ benefits (maslahah) and prevent mischief (mafsadah). Alignment of the concept of radiation protection in CT within the framework of al-Dharuriyat; protection of faith or religion (din), protection of life (nafs), protection of lineage (nasl), protection of intellect (‘aql) and protection of property (mal) is essential. This strengthens the concept and practices of radiation protection in CT among radiology personnel, particularly Muslim radiographers. The alignment provides supplementary knowledge towards the integration of knowledge fields between Islamic worldview and radiation protection in medical imaging, particularly in CT. This paper is hoped to set a benchmark for future studies on the integration of knowledge between the Islamic worldview and radiation protection in medical imaging in terms of other classifications of Maqasid al-Shari’ah; al-Hajiyat and al-Tahsiniyat.
The Controversial Relationship between Body Mass Index and Handgrip Strength in the Elderly: An Overview
Authors:   Medical Science Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia, Soraya Nadine , Parwanto Edy ,   Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
Published: June 2023

Body mass index (BMI) is one of the most commonly used anthropometric measurements. BMI is measured by dividing an individual’s weight by their height. In the elderly, the aging process causes physiological changes to organ systems as well as body composition. The most noticeable changes occur in the musculoskeletal system—that is, of decreased muscle strength. Handgrip strength is one of the most commonly considered criteria to measure muscle strength. Various factors, including age, gender and anthropometric measurements such as BMI, are known to affect a person’s muscle strength. In addition, weight and height affect the handgrip strength of an elderly person. However, whether BMI directly affects handgrip strength in the elderly is still debated. Several studies have stated that BMI has a relationship with handgrip strength in the elderly, while other studies have found no relationship between BMI and handgrip strength. BMI and handgrip strength is still controversial and requires further research.
Comparing the Effectiveness and Adherence between Fixed and Non-Fixed Dorzolamide/Timolol Maleate in Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Rasid Noor-Khairul ,   Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah, Malaysia, Gurusamy Shelva Meena ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Ahmad Tajuddin Liza-Sharmini ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, Yaakub Azhany ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia,   Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Raja Perempuan Zainab II, Kelantan, Malaysia
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Glaucoma is an irreversible chronic eye disease in which intraocular pressure (IOP) control is important. This study aimed to assess the IOP-lowering effects and adherence scores between fixed combination dorzolamide/timolol maleate (FCDT) and non-fixed combination dorzolamide and timolol XE (NFDT) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients. Methods: A randomised controlled trial in a parallel, single-blinded study involving 60 OAG patients was conducted. The patients were randomised into FCDT or NFDT based on a block randomisation technique. A pre-study run-in with Gutt timolol was administered for two weeks. IOP was assessed at baseline, month 1 and month 3, with a bottle weight measurement at month 3. Results: Only 55 OAG patients were analysed, with 8.4% dropping out. A statistically significant mean IOP reduction was observed in each group from baseline to month 1 (FCDT: mean difference [MD] = 4.93, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.00, 5.86); NFDT: MD = 4.92, 95% CI = 4.024, 5.82) and from baseline to month 3 (FCDT: MD 5.17, 95% CI = 4.19, 6.15; NFDT: MD = 4.85, 95% CI = 3.874, 5.82). The overall FCDT mean IOP was significantly lower by 1.02 mmHg (95% CI = −2.01, −0.02) than NFDT (F(1, 53) = 4.19; P = 0.046). A significant interaction was observed between time and treatment at month 3, with the mean IOP for FCDT being lower by 1.22 mg than for NFDT (P = 0.037). The mean adherence score was significantly higher in the FCDT group than in the NFDT group (t stat (df) = 3.88 (53); P < 0.001). The reduction in IOP between the groups became non-significant after adherence was adjusted (F(1, 52) = 2.45; P = 0.124). Conclusion: Both drugs showed a decrease in IOP but more so in FCDT. However, no difference was found in terms of medication adherence. An emphasis on treatment compliance is needed.
Charge fluctuation entropy of Hawking radiation: A replica-free way to find large entropy
Authors: Milekhin Alexey , Tajdini Amirhossein
Published: June 2023

We study the fluctuation entropy for two-dimensional matter systems with an internal symmetry coupled to Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity joined to a Minkowski region. The fluctuation entropy is the Shannon entropy associated to probabilities of finding particular charge for a region. We first consider a case where the matter has a global symmetry. We find that the fluctuation entropy of Hawking radiation shows an unbounded growth and exceeds the entanglement entropy in presence of islands. This indicates that the global symmetry is violated. We then discuss the fluctuation entropy for matter coupled to a two-dimensional gauge field. We find a lower bound on the gauge coupling g_0g0 in order to avoid a similar issue. Also, we point out a few puzzles related to the island prescription in presence of a gauge symmetry.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF ASCTES BASED ON PRESENTATION AND LABORATORY FINDINGS:AN INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE FROM MAHARASHTRA,INDIA
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department Of General Medicine, SMBT IMS&RC, Dhamangaon, Igatpuri, Nashik, Maharashtra., Mutadak Arjun , Birari Kiran ,   Associate Professor, Department Of General Medicine, SMBT IMS&RC, Dhamangaon, Igatpuri, Nashik, Maharashtra.
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Ascites is the fluid collection in the potential space of the peritoneal cavity. Alcoholic liver disease and intra-abdominal malignancy are two major etiologies behind it. Also, diagnosis of tuberculous ascites should be thought of due to endemicity. Cirrhotic patients at any time during the course of disease, invariably present with ascites which is one of the marker of decompensation. In our context, etiology behind ascites and its correlation with symptoms and clinical findings not yet studied, so present study is conceptualised. Aim: To study clinical profile of ascites based on presentation and laboratory findings Methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective descriptive hospital based record review of patients presented with ascites in a tertiary center of Maharashtra . One hundred fourteen patients with ascites under regular follow up of SMBT Hospital were reviewed. Data regarding presenting complaints, examination findings, relevant investigations during first visit and final diagnosis were retrieved from our own record keeping and recorded information were then evaluated. Results: Patients having ascites have myriad of symptoms and signs, commonest clinical feature being icterus (74, 64.9%). Most of them were anemic at presentation. Forty-two (36.8%) had high blood urea and 36 (31.5%) with high creatinine suggesting approximately 30-40% cases presented with deranged renal function test. Ninety-three (81.5%) had raised total serum bilirubin. Similarly, PT/INR derangements were in 74 (64.9%) and 57 (50%) suggesting deranged liver function. Serum albumin was less than 3.5 gram/decilitre in 83(72.8%) cases. Among the patients studied, 80 (70.1%) had high Serum-Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) suggesting transudative type of ascites and rest 34 had low SAAG suggesting exudative type of ascites. Overall assessment revealed, majority of patients (71.05%) had Chronic liver disease (CLD) as the cause of ascites. Conclusions: Ascites due to chronic liver disease was the main finding with etiology supported by laboratory findings. Significant numbers of the patients had deranged renal function on top of liver function derangement, so these parameters need to be properly taken care of.
EXPLORING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF ANGIOGENESIS IN CANCER
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sai Priya Avuthu Sri , Sai Ram Angirekula Hari ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Chowdary Vallepalli Geethika ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Sai Dheeraj Ponnada Lakshmiranga ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Nimmagadda Jayanth ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Kumar Duggipogu Praveen ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India., Kumar Vemuri Praveen ,   Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: June 2023

Cancer is a complex disease characterized by the proliferation of faulty cells without apparent relation to the physiological organ. It is a multi-factorial, multi-staged, and multi-mechanistic process that involves interactions between environmental and host factors throughout its inception, progression, and manifestation. Inherited genetic predispositions contribute significantly to 5-10 percent of breast cancer and 5-13 percent of colon cancer cases. In industrialized nations, approximately 7 percent of cancer deaths are attributed to viral infections, 4 percent to occupational hazards, 2 percent to sunlight exposure, 2 percent to air, water, and soil pollution, and less than 1 percent to food components and industrial products. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current research on the micro-metastatic state in solid tumors.
DYNAMIC PROCESSES OF A HAND-HELD MOTORIZED MOWER DURING THE START OF THE MOWING PROCESS
Authors:   Department of Agrotechnology and Agroengineering, Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Associate Professor. Georgia., Mamuladze Merab. , Tavberidze Soso ,   Department of Agricultural Engineering, Akaki Tsereteli State University of Kutaisi, Associate Professor. Georgia.
Published: June 2023

From the point of view of revitalization of agrarian processes in our country, the perspective of its development showed us that animal husbandry remains one of the priority sectors, which is due to the production of animal husbandry products. Based on this, the problem of producing rough feed for mining conditions remains a problematic issue in small farms and peasant farms, where it is impossible to use large-capacity machines and food production is still done manually. The purpose of the research is the methodology of calculating the internal dynamic processes of a small power hand motorized rotary mower during the start of the mowing work process. The scientific paper presents the dynamic load of a small power hand motorized mower at the moment of starting mowing, which is highly dependent on the work of the working body, so as to perform the mowing process with quality and less losses.
THE INCUBUS PHENOMENON IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, AarupadaiVeedu Medical College and Hospital, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation (DU), Pondicherry., Felex Maree Angelo D.
Published: June 2023

Incubus syndrome refers to the delusional thought of the patient as having been sexually approached by an unseen lover at night. It is considered as a secondary type of erotomania. It is rarely described in the literature and has few case reports. A review of the literature yielded six case reports describing 12 cases, most of which were described in Schizophrenia patients. Here we describe 3 patients with Schizophrenia who reported the Incubus phenomenon.
ROLE OF COMBINED PLEURAL FLUID CHOLESTEROL AND TOTAL PROTEIN FOR DIFFERENTIATING EXUDATIVE FROM TRANSUDATIVE PLEURAL EFFUSION IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE-AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: K. Jyolsna , M. Rajani , D.K Manoj , Shafeek K. Muhammad , K.V Padmanabhan
Published: June 2023

Introduction:Identifying whether the pleural effusion is exudative or transudative is the first step in making a diagnosis.Lights criteria, have been accepted more widely than any other criteria for discriminating between transudative and exudative effusions.But incorrectly labels 15Â–20% of transudative effusions as exudates. We investigate if comparable results may be obtained using pleural fluid cholesterol and pleural fluid total protein. Objectives:To compare combined pleural fluid cholesterol and pleural fluid total protein with LightÂ’s criteria in differentiating exudative and transudative effusion and find its significance. Methods:This is a hospital based cross sectional study conducted in the Department of Respiratory medicine, GMC, Kannur over a period of one year on 120 patients who presented with pleural effusion,and fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pleural fluid sample obtained from each patient was taken for analysis,and nature of effusion by using LightÂ’s criteria and combined pleural fluid cholesterol+total protein was noted. The final diagnosis based on clinical diagnosis along with HPR and/or culture was set as the gold standard. Mc NemarÂ’s Chi-square test was applied to compare LightÂ’s criteria and Pleural fluid cholesterol+total protein with gold standard.The diagnostic parameters like sensitivity, specificity, PVP, PVN and accuracy of LightÂ’s criteria and pleural fluid cholesterol+ total protein to predict exudates were estimated. Results: We found out that there is significant difference in the classification of transudate and exudate by LightÂ’s criteria with respect to gold standard (p-value 0.001). Kappa value 0.722 shows a significant substantial agreement between LightÂ’s criteria and gold standard test (p-value <0.001). The sensitivity ,specificity, PVP,PVN and accuracy of LightÂ’s criteria to predict exudate was 100.00%,63.33%, 89.11%,100.00%, and 90.83% respectively. Also, there is significant difference in the classification of transudate and exudate by Pleural fluid cholesterol+total protein with respect to gold standard (p-value 0.031). Kappa value 0.875 shows a significantly almost perfect agreement between pleural fluid Cholesterol+Total protein and gold standard test (p-value <0.001).The sensitivity, specificity, PVP,PVN and accuracy of Pleural fluid Cholesterol+Total protein to predict exudate was 93.33%, 100.00%, 100.00%,83.33%, and 95.00% respectively. Conclusion: As compared to LightÂ’s criteria, Pleural fluid cholesterol+total protein shows a high agreement with gold standard to distinguish exudative and transudative effusion and can be used as an alternative to LightÂ’s criteria.
Uranium tailings in the Istiqlol city: history, problems, solutions
Authors: Khakimova N. U. , Zoitova M. A.
Published: June 2023

The article provides an overview of the problems associated with the uranium tailings in Istiqlol city. Many uranium heritage sites in Central Asia, including the uranium tailings in Istiqlol, hadn’t been mothballed before the collapse of the USSR. The burial complex consists of a quarry, dumps of the “Poor Ores Factory”, an unpreserved open mine, destroyed industrial buildings and four tailings which contain 12 million tons of the uranium production waste. In the area of the tailings, the ambient dose rate of gamma radiation is 0.5–0.6 μSv/h, and at some points it reaches 3.0–4.0 μSv/h. The average annual radon emission from the surface is estimated at 3.9×1011 Bq/year. The contaminated areas also include the Sarym-Sakhly Sai stream, mine, industrial and quarry waters, which are characterized by an increased content of 234U, 238U and 226Ra. The facilities aren’t physically fenced, allowing free access for the public and livestock. Natural disasters such as mudflows, landslides, and earthquakes can lead to an ecological disaster. Attention is paid to the ways of solving problems such as monitoring radionuclides in water, soil, and air; working with the local population to inform and involve them in rehabilitation work; donors search. The Program for the Implementation of the National Concept for the Rehabilitation of Tailings of Uranium Ore Processing Wastes for 2016–2024 was developed and approved by the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan to minimize the radiation impact on the population and the environment. Implementation of the Program requires significant financial investments and trained personals in the field of radiation safety. Only through the joint efforts of the state, population and international organizations is it possible to fully carry out rehabilitation works. Only by joint the state, public, and international organizations efforts, it is possible to solve these problems. Also, one of the main reasons why the population had received unnecessary overexposure was its ignorance of the danger of using water, soil and building materials contaminated with radionuclides. Therefore, the culture of radiation safety should be studied starting from middle school, where students will be taught about ionizing radiation and possible ways of exposure. Then, both cases of intake of radionuclides into the body, which could have been avoided, and radiophobia among the population living near the extraction and processing of uranium ore, will be much lower. Some social and economic aspects are also touched upon.
Use of the radiation environmental monitoring results for control of the atmospheric releases of iodine-131 by the facility
Authors: Kryshev A. I. , Bulgakov V. G. , Katkova M. N. , Polyanskaya O. N. , Buryakova A. A.
Published: June 2023

The analysis was performed, whether the following characteristics correspond with each other: data on the annual release of the radionuclide by the enterprise, the calculation model used for establishing the annual permissible release levels of radionuclides, and the annual average volume activity of the radionuclide, determined using the data of routine radiation monitoring of the surface air. Such analysis was carried out for the release of 131I from the L.Ya. Karpov Scientific Research Institute of Physics and Chemistry (Obninsk) in 2013–2022. It is shown that for the enterprise release in 2013–2022, the results of environmental radiation monitoring confirm both the data of radiation control of the 131I release source and the correctness of the radionuclide air transfer calculation model. The average annual meteorological dilution factor of the 131I for the enterprise release in the surface layer of the atmosphere, estimated from monitoring data, does not exceed the model calculated value. Strong correlation was revealed between the average annual volume activity of 131I in the surface air, obtained using measurement results, and data on annual air releases of the enterprise. No correlation was found for the variability of the dilution factor estimated by the transfer model and monitoring data. It may be caused by the heterogeneity of the 131I releases by the enterprise during the year.
Exposure of students (pupils) and employees of educational institutions in the Leningrad region to natural sources of radiation. Part 1: Results of a comprehensive survey
Authors: Vasilyev A. S.
Published: June 2023

Currently, there is no methodological support for radiation monitoring and sanitary and epidemiological assessment of radon concentration (or radon EEC) and other parameters of the radiation situation in existing operated buildings. The paper presents a review of the protocols for conducting measurements of indoor Leningrad region with previously found elevated levels of radon concentration using long-term measurements. The survey revealed that highest values of indoor radon ECC were obtained using instant measurements in several educational institutions both in the normal operation mode of the buildings (up to 1106 Bq/m3) and after leaving the premises for 12 hours with closed windows and doors (up to 1586 Bq/m3) according to the requirements of paragraph 6.5 of MU 2.6.1.2838-11. High values of radon concentration were also obtained using long-term and short-term measurements (up to 4900 and 1420 Bq/m3, respectively). In addition, high values of radon flux density were detected (up to 2030 mBq/(m2·s)). The established hygienic norms for ambient dose equivalent rate indoors and outdoors were not exceeded in the surveyed educational institutions. The levels of gross alphaand beta activities in tap water sampled from the surveyed educational institutions were below the control levels, and an exceedance of intervention level for activity concentration of radon in analyzed samples was not detected. The results of the survey will be used for hygienic assessment of doses and health risks for students (pupils) and employees of several educational institutions of the Leningrad region due to exposure to radon and its progeny and can be used to improve the method for indoor radon concentration monitoring in existing operated public buildings in the Russian Federation, which in turn will make it possible to obtain correct values of public doses and health risks.
Public exposure in the Orenburg region due to natural sources of ionizing radiation. Part 2: Doses to the population of the eastern districts of the Orenburg region
Authors: Kormanovskaya T. A. , Romanovich I. K. , Vyaltsina N. E. , Gaevoy S. V. , Kononenko D. V. , Saprykin K. A. , Kokoulina E. S. , Koroleva N. A.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents the estimated doses to the population of six eastern districts of the Orenburg region, Russia, based on the results of a comprehensive radiation survey conducted in 2019 in 34 settlements with previously found elevated levels of activity concentration of natural radionuclides in tap water from groundwater sources of drinking water supply. It is shown that the average individual annual effective dose due to all natural sources of ionizing radiation in 18 of 34 settlements corresponds to ‘elevated level’ of exposure due to natural sources according to established classification (from 5 to 10 mSv/year), and in another 7 settlements to ‘high level’ (over 10 mSv/year) with radon being the main contributor to the dose. Four settlements of Kvarkensky and Adamovsky districts, where the highest indoor radon concentrations had been found, were selected for a detailed survey, which included measurements of density of radon flux from the soil, radon concentration in soil gas, activity concentration of natural radionuclides in samples of building materials and in soil samples, and activity concentration of radon in tap water from groundwater sources of drinking water supply. Results of the detailed survey proved that the main source of radon in the buildings was the soil gas infiltration; compared to it, the contribution of waterborne radon release was insignificant.
Anterior crossbite treatment using functional orthopedic appliance: a case report
Authors: Francisco De Assis Vilmara Geralda , Gribel Saulo , Mamede Anderson
Published: June 2023

Anterior crossbite can affect primary, mixed, and permanent dentitions. Early treatment is recommended, as it can impact facial, aesthetic, functional, and developmental aspects. The etiology of anterior crossbite is multifactorial, including dental, skeletal, and postural origins. Treatment should be defined based on age and etiology, with various therapeutic resources available for correction. In primary dentition, direct flat tracks, different types of functional orthopedic appliances, quad-helix, and facial mask can be used. In mixed dentition, fixed segmented or continuous orthodontics, elastics, and other devices can be added to the treatment. In permanent dentition, orthognathic surgery may be indicated for adults, especially in cases of anterior crossbite associated with skeletal Class III that cannot be compensated dentally. This case report describes the treatment of early mixed dentition anterior crossbite with a functional orthopedic appliance at the Orthodontic Specialization, Postgraduate Course at Modal college, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. After correction, proper chewing functions were reestablished with ideal developmental stimuli.
Overview of the prospects for the introduction of ultrasonic oil treatment in the main pipeline transport
Authors: Lisovskiy A. , Atroscshenko N. A. , Chen Yang
Published: June 2023

This paper considers the most common methods of pipeline transport of high solidified oil existing at the moment. The effects of treating oil with magnetic and electric fields are given. The positive and negative effects of ultrasonic treatment in oil transport processes are considered. The totality and quality of the facts requires much more in-depth analysis on a number of issues in this area because with a lot of positive effects are present and negative, which do not allow to implement.
Medios de vida rurales de familias porcicultoras del municipio de La Montañita, Caquetá, Colombia
Authors: Martínez Moyano Edgar , Agudelo Ardila David , Capera Montalvo Edgar Andrés , Loaiza Molina Luis Carlos , Cuéllar Ramírez Mauricio , Rojas Peña Oscar Raúl
Published: June 2023

Se efectuó un análisis de medios de vida rurales de familias porcicultoras del municipio de La Montañita, Caquetá; usando la metodología de medios de vida a partir del diagnóstico de los capitales de la comunidad social, financiero y ambiental, y el estudio de las necesidades humanas fundamentales, en la cual se encontró en las cuatro inspecciones evaluadas y las 16 veredas un total de 132 familias productoras de cerdos y cerca de 1.444 individuos producidos por estas familias, lo que hace ver el potencial importante que genera la actividad para la seguridad alimentaria de las comunidades rurales y por ende a suplir las necesidades básicas fundamentales de las familias. Por lo tanto, este estudio repercute como un primer diagnóstico productivo y de aplicación de medios de vida rurales a comunidades productoras del municipio de La Montañita, Caquetá.
Legitimación de la violencia en adolescentes afrodescendientes víctimas del conflicto armado colombiano
Authors: Banquez Mendoza Jesús Guillermo , Martínez-González Marina Begoña , Amar Amar José
Published: June 2023

Las prácticas violentas de los adolescentes obedecen en muchos casos a secuelas causadas por problemáticas como el desplazamiento forzado y factores socioculturales que hacen de la violencia una conducta cotidiana. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar el modo como los adolescentes afrodescendientes escolarizados del municipio de San Onofre, víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia, afrontan los conflictos en sus relaciones cotidianas y si en ese proceso legitiman el uso de la violencia. Con este propósito se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental, transversal causal, de grupos no equivalentes con múltiples covariables, apoyado en un videojuego que simula situaciones de conflicto en las que se evalúan: decisiones de resolución, mecanismos de desconexión moral, expectativa sobre los adultos y escenarios de violencia. Los hallazgos evidencian que los participantes priorizan el diálogo como alternativa de solución de los conflictos; la edad es relevante en la tendencia al uso de la violencia; la legitimación de la violencia o la sanción esperada de parte de los adultos frente a conductas violentas, depende del sexo de los participantes y de su evaluación de las situaciones de conflicto; y los escenarios de exposición directa a la violencia, como el hogar y el barrio, son determinantes en la decisión de usar la violencia para resolver los conflictos.
Rehabilitación del funcionamiento ejecutivo en un caso de trauma craneoencefálico -TCE- severo
Authors: Cuervo Cuesta Maria Teresa , Cadavid Ruiz Natalia
Published: June 2023

Introducción: pese a la alta incidencia de dificultades ejecutivas después de sufrir un trauma craneoencefálico (TCE), existen pocos estudios que evalúen la efectividad de su rehabilitación. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de un programa de rehabilitación en inhibición y memoria de trabajo, en un paciente con antecedente de TCE severo. Método: se empleó el diseño de caso único tipo AB con seguimiento, a través de un programa de intervención computarizado de 15 sesiones, aplicado tres veces a la semana. La evaluación del programa se realizó con medidas objetivo (línea base, durante, posintervención y a largo plazo) y con pruebas estandarizadas de inhibición y memoria de trabajo (pre y posintervención). Resultados: los Análisis Visuales revelaron una trayectoria ascendente en la inhibición y memoria de trabajo, con mayor estabilidad en la evaluación inmediatamente posterior y a largo plazo después de aplicado el programa, no obstante, estos cambios no se pueden atribuir completamente al programa. Conclusión: el programa de rehabilitación es prometedor para mejorar la inhibición, sin embargo, su efecto fue mínimo para mejorar la memoria de trabajo. Estos resultados sugieren considerar la necesidad de diseñar intervenciones cognitivas específicas y evitar las estimulaciones globales para mejorar las funciones ejecutivas. Lo anterior, evidencia las bondades de los diseños de caso único, ya que, al asegurar un seguimiento riguroso a la aplicación y evaluación de las intervenciones, permiten tomar decisiones sobre su efectividad.
Decidir la vida que queremos: aportes de organizaciones culturales a la promoción de la salud mental
Authors: Betancur Betancur Catalina , Arias López Beatriz Elena , Restrepo Ochoa Diego Alveiro
Published: June 2023

La salud mental nombra las dimensiones subjetivas y relacionales de la salud; es un término polisémico cuya construcción es delimitada por coordenadas históricas, sociales y culturales que lo hacen específico a un contexto particular. La comprensión de la promoción de la salud mental no debería estar por fuera de la cotidianidad, los saberes y las prácticas de las personas y comunidades. Objetivo: identificar elementos promotores de salud mental presentes en las dinámicas cotidianas de dos organizaciones culturales de la ciudad de Medellín (Colombia). Metodología: investigación cualitativa de tipo estudio de caso etnográfico. Como casos se seleccionaron dos organizaciones culturales de la comuna 2 de la ciudad de Medellín. Se realizaron entrevistas a 16 integrantes de estas organizaciones, así como observación participante en actividades virtuales y presenciales. Resultados: las organizaciones posibilitan aspectos fundamentales para la promoción de la salud mental, ya que son espacios que permiten a los participantes elegir y construir su propia vida, reflexionar críticamente sobre el contexto y sobre quienes son referentes para la vida; al tiempo que impulsan el ejercicio de la autonomía y la agencia. Discusión: promover salud mental es favorecer la elección libre de los sujetos respecto a la vida que decidan vivir, para lo cual es necesario el aseguramiento de condiciones que les permitan el ejercicio de la libertad a través del reconocimiento de aquello que consideran valioso y de su propio reconocimiento en el otro.
Violencia laboral en el sector salud: cuando el psicólogo es la víctima. Reporte de Caso
Authors: Salazar Llano Ana María , De Greiff Álvarez María Adelaida , Restrepo Bernal Diana
Published: June 2023

Introducción: la violencia en el lugar de trabajo se ha convertido en un problema mundial que atraviesa las fronteras, los contextos de trabajo y los grupos profesionales. En el sector salud, es un problema ubicuo, persistente y poco reportado. Reporte de caso: psicóloga de enlace de 43 años con 20 años de experiencia laboral, es amenazada de muerte por la madre de un paciente pediátrico. De inmediato presenta nerviosismo, ansiedad, insomnio y temor por su vida. Se hace diagnóstico de trastorno de estrés agudo, los síntomas persisten y un mes después continúa con evitación conductual, re experimentación del trauma, estado de ánimo negativo, reactividad psicofisiológica, síntomas disociativos y gran disfunción en la vida cotidiana, lo que configura un trastorno de estrés postraumático. Al mes del trauma aparece ideación y planes suicidas, por lo cual se hospitaliza por psiquiatría. Es dada de alta con psicofármacos y psicoterapia ambulatoria, e incapacidad laboral. Revisión de tema: la violencia en el lugar de trabajo para los empleados de salud, es un problema real y creciente. Son múltiples las barreras que impiden hacer visible esta situación. Los trabajadores y empleadores del sector salud necesitan identificar este importante riesgo laboral y comprender que la violencia no “hace parte del trabajo”. Conclusión: la violencia en el lugar del trabajo para quienes laboran en el sector salud es un problema común, frente al cual se requiere educación, legislación y estrategias para prevenirlo.
Caracterización sociodemográfica y clínica de la mortalidad perinatal y neonatal tardía, Rionegro - Antioquia, 2018-2021
Authors: Giraldo Marín Isabel Cristina , Henao Urrea Laura Isabel , Zapata Franco María Clara
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: caracterizar sociodemográfica y clínicamente la mortalidad perinatal y neonatal tardía en el municipio de Rionegro entre 2018 y 2021. Material y métodos: estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal que incluyó 67 registros de muertes reportadas en el sistema de vigilancia en salud pública del municipio. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, antecedentes obstétricos y del parto, datos clínicos de los bebés y principales causas de muerte. Se calcularon medidas descriptivas según distribución de las variables cuantitativas y algunas se categorizaron. El análisis estadístico se realizó en Jamovi. Resultados: la edad materna promedio fue 27 años, la mayoría eran colombianas y amas de casa y el 20% no tuvo controles prenatales. La mediana del peso fue 1020 gramos y de edad gestacional correspondió a 29 semanas. El 58,2% falleció anteparto y, entre los que nacieron vivos, el 56,5% falleció en la primera semana. Las principales causas de muerte fueron prematuridad, alteraciones respiratorias, trastornos placentarios, malformaciones congénitas e infecciones. Conclusión: la proporción de muertes intrauterinas fue elevada y se encontró similitud con otras investigaciones respecto a la prematuridad como principal causa de muerte perinatal y neonatal tardía, además, entre los niños que nacieron vivos, la mayoría falleció en la primera semana.
Performance assessment of methods to estimate initial hydrologic conditions for event-based rainfall-runoff modelling
Authors: Manikanta Velpuri , Umamahesh N. V.
Published: June 2023

Event-based hydrological models are extensively adopted for the estimation of design floods and in operational flood forecasting frameworks. However, an accurate estimation of the initial hydrologic condition (IHC) is essential in enhancing the predictive capability of an event-based hydrological model. Hence, in this study, IHCs of an event-based conceptual model are estimated using two different methods: (1) assimilation of observed variables such as streamflow and soil moisture using an ensemble Kalman filter and (2) states obtained from the continuous model calibrated using four different calibration metrics. The observed flood events at the Jagdalpur catchment are simulated using a conceptual hydrologic model setup at two spatial resolutions (lumped and semi-distributed). The results of the study demonstrate that IHCs estimated by the continuous models perform better than those obtained through data assimilation. The performance of semi-distributed event-based models was found to be outperforming their lumped counterparts demonstrating the advantage of increased model resolution. The states obtained from the continuous models calibrated using Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) are performing well in initialising the event-based models. The median efficiency of the semi-distributed event-based model (based on states from the NSE calibrated continuous model) is 0.91 and 0.77 during calibration and validation periods, respectively.
Performance of modified first-stage French Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands under extreme operational conditions
Authors: Arévalo-Durazno María Belén , García Zumalacarregui Jorge Alejandro , Ho Long , Narváez Andrea , Alvarado Andrés
Published: June 2023

Operation conditions considerably affect the removal efficiency of wastewater treatment systems, and yet we still lack data on how these systems function under extreme dilution rates and climatic conditions at high altitudes. Here, we applied two modified First-Stage French Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (FS-FVFCWs) for sewage treatment in Northern Tropical Andes. Specifically, within 18 months, we conducted a pilot-scale experiment at two hydraulic loading rates (HLRs) of 0.94 and 0.56 m d−1, representing 2.5 and 1.5 times the recommended design values, with two different feeding/resting periods to investigate the impact of HLRs and operational strategy on system performance. We found that chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) removal was satisfactory, with average values of 53 ± 18 and 69 ± 16%, respectively. Moreover, reducing HLRs resulted in higher removal efficiency for COD, from 46 ± 15 to 64 ± 15%, but had no impact on TSS removal, with 3 days of feeding and 6 days of resting. For an equal time of feeding and resting, COD and TSS removals were not affected by the modified HLR. These findings suggest that high HLRs can be applied to FS-FVFCW without compromising the system operation and obtaining satisfactory results, leading to opportunities to reduce areas and costs.
Wzajemne powiązanie między wiarą i małżeństwem w świetle dokumentu Międzynarodowej Komisji Teologicznej Reciprocità tra fede e sacramenti nell’economia sacramentale z 3 marca 2020 roku
Authors: Góralski Wojciech
Published: June 2023

Mając na uwadze występującą niekiedy tendencję do oddzielania wiary od życia sakramentalnego, Papieska Komisja Teologiczna dnia 3 marca 2020 roku wydała dokument zatytułowany Reciprocità tra fede e sacramenti nell’economia sacramentale. Jego celem jest dostarczenie ogólnych wskazówek, które mogą być przydatne dla duszpasterzy. Czwarty rozdział dokumentu poświęcony jest zagadnieniu relacji wiara – sakrament małżeństwa chrześcijańskiego. Rozdział ten obejmuje trzy punkty: 1) Sakrament mał- żeństwa; 2) Kwestia wątpliwa: sakramentalny przymiot małżeństwa „ochrzczonych niewierzących”; 3) Intencja i ustanowienie węzła małżeńskiego w przypadku braku wiary. Rozdział ten autor prezentuje i komentuje.
Wyrok Sądu Kościelnego Diecezji Włocławskiej (c. Borucki) z 2.09.2021 z tytułu niezdolności z przyczyn natury psychicznej powódki i/lub pozwanego do podjęcia istotnych obowiązków małżeńskich (1095 n. 3 KPK/83)
Authors: Borucki Janusz
Published: June 2023

Strony zawarły związek małżeński w dniu 20 lipca 2003 roku. W dniu 30 paź- dziernika 2020 roku powódka złożyła skargę o stwierdzenie nieważności małżeństwa do Sądu Kościelnego Diecezji Włocławskiej. Dekretem z 16 grudnia 2020 r. sprawa została umorzona z powodu psychologicznej niezdolności stron do podjęcia istotnych obowiąz- ków małżeńskich (kan. 1095 n. 3 KPK/83). Strony stawiły się na przesłuchanie, następnie przesłuchano ośmiu świadków. Po rozpoznaniu sprawy, wyrokiem z 2 września 2021 r. uznano, że nieważności zaskarżonego nie udowodniono.
Friction stir processing to improve grain refinement and superplasticity of Al-Mg-Mn-Cr alloy
Authors: Kishchik A.A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. In this study the Al-4.8Mg-1.0Mn-0.15Cr alloy was frictionally stir processed in order to enhance grain refinement effect and superplastic properties. The microstructure after friction stir processing (FSP) was analyzed using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopies. An additional cold rolling (50%) was performed after the FSP, and a comparative study in terms of microstructure and superplasticity was done between the samples processed using hot rolling and further FSP, FSP and cold rolling, and cold rolling without FSP. The superplastic properties were studied at temperatures of 450 and 500 °C with constant strain rates of 1×10-2 and 1×10-2 s-1. The treatment regime including FSP and further cold rolling improved superplasticity due to fine-grained and homogeneous grain structure with a good thermal stability. At a temperature of 500°C and strain rates of 1×10-3 - 1×10-2 s-1 the alloy demonstrated 330-450 % elongation with a flow stress of 10-20 MPa.
Secondary phase precipitation in ultrafine-grained superduplex stainless steels
Authors: Biserova-Tahchieva A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Ultrafine-grained S322750 superduplex stainless steel has been obtained through high-pressure torsion (HPT) process. Microstructural evolution after the severe plastic deformation (SPD) has shown no phase transformation. Isothermal heat treatment was applied after the deformation process in order to promote secondary phase precipitation. Precipitation was enhanced in the ultrafine-grained stainless steel in comparison to the coarse-grained stainless steel at the same isothermal heat treatment conditions. Mainly sigma phase and chromium nitrides were found as a product of the local diffusion process. The morphology of the secondary phases has been analyzed by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
FEM simulation of dynamic recrystallization during asymmetric hot rolling of high-speed steel M2
Authors: PESIN A.M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Dynamic recrystallization of high-speed steel (HSS) M2 occurs through a discontinuous mechanism, involving nucleation and growth of strain-free grains. The initiation and completion of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (dDRX) must be carried out in a single rolling pass. The time for 99% dDRX depends on the critical strain, strain rate and equivalent strain, that generated in the workpiece material in a single rolling pass. The level of equivalent strain plays a key role in terms of the possibility to complete dDRX. High equivalent strain in conventional hot rolling for a single pass is limited by too high rolling forces. High equivalent strain at low rolling forces can be achieved by asymmetric hot rolling. Asymmetric rolling is a process based on purposefully created differences in the circumferential speeds of the work rolls. For such a process, a degree of asymmetry is defined by a speed ratio of the work rolls. The speed ratio is one of the most important parameters of the process, affecting the level of equivalent strain and the rolling force. In this work the single-pass asymmetric hot rolling process of HSS M2 at different temperatures in the range 850-1150 °C was simulated by FEM and JMAK model. The effects of speed ratio and thickness reduction on equivalent strain and rolling force were investigated. The effects of equivalent strain, strain rate and temperature on the recrystallized volume fraction and the average size of a dynamically recrystallized grains of HSS M2 are presented. Symmetric and asymmetric hot rolling processes are compared.
Improvement in strength and ductility of flame-retardant magnesium alloy through uniaxial hot pressing
Authors: Kitazono K.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Flame-retardant magnesium alloys containing calcium element are attracting attention from aircraft and automotive industries because of their low density and high ignition temperature. Though thermomechanical treatments such as hot extrusion are effective to increase their mechanical properties, they cause an increase in cost. Present study focusses on commercial Mg-6Al-0.4Mn-2Ca and Mg-9Al-1Zn-2Ca alloys. Simple uniaxial hot pressing process is performed in these magnesium alloy plates. Tensile tests at room temperature revealed that the hot pressed Mg-6Al-0.4Mn-2Ca and Mg-9Al-1Zn-2Ca alloys have high tensile strength and elongation. Microstructural observation clarified that the improved mechanical properties were mainly due to dynamic recrystallization during the hot pressing. The present uniaxial hot pressing process has a potential as a simple thermomechanical treatment process for flame-retardant magnesium alloys.