bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gamma Radiation Effect on Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: AKBABA Uğur
Published: June 2020

An extensive review of the gamma radiation effect on carbon nanotubes is given in this study. The interaction of carbon nanotubes with different doses and energies gamma radiation has been studied in recent years. Carbon nanotubes are desirable materials in technological applications because of their extra features such as good thermal properties, ultra-light structures, different conductivity properties, durability, and superior heat resistance. For these reasons, they are used extensively in device construction. These devices are used extensively in environments exposed to radiation such as medicine, aviation, nuclear reactors, nuclear waste storage. Knowing the response of carbon nanotube materials to radiation is very important for the stability of the devices made. As can be seen from the literature review, the interaction of the material with gamma radiation is quite variable according to the type of material, the purity, and the atomic lattice of material, dose and energy of the applied radiation and the environment (water, air, etc.) subjected to.
İÇME SUYU ŞEBEKE HATTININ FARKLI BORU TİPLERİ İÇİN TASARIMI VE MALİYETİ: ERZURUM İLİ HORASAN İLÇESİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: ERYILMAZ TÜRKKAN Gökçen , ATAKUL Fatih
Published: June 2020

Günümüzde nüfusun artmasından
dolayı yaşam alanları genişlemekte olup, mevcut kullanılmakta olan içme suyu
şebeke sistemleri yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Yapılacak olan içme suyu
projelerinin en uygun şekilde hidrolik hesaplarının yapılması ve boyutlandırılması,
maliyetin optimum seviyelere düşmesine imkan sağlayacaktır. Buna bağlı olarak
ülke ekonomisine katkı sağlanabilecektir. Bu çalışmada İller Bankası Teknik
Şartnamesinde belirtilen kriterler göz önüne alınarak içme suyu şebekesi için
netcad yazılımının içerisinde bulunan ölü noktalar yöntemi ile hidrolik
hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Boru tipinin maliyete etkisi araştırılmıştır. Poli
etilen, polivinil klorür, çelik ve düktil borular kullanılarak hidrolik
hesaplamalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. En yüksek maliyetli borunun çelik, en düşük
maliyetli borunun ise poli etilen boru olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Pasif Milimetre Dalga Görüntüleme Sistemi için Radyometrik Alıcının Parabolik Yansıtıcı Antendeki Doğru Konumunun Belirlenmesi
Authors: DUMAN Mehmet , SALMAN Alp Oral
Published: June 2020

Savunma ve navigasyon gibi alanlarda, optik ve kızılötesi görüntüleme sistemlerinin sağlıklı çalışamadığı sis, yağmur ve toz gibi görüşü engelleyen çeşitli hava olaylarında, ortamı görüntülemek için, tamamlayıcı sensör olarak Pasif MiliMetre Dalga Görüntüleme Sistemi (PMMDGS) kullanılabilir. Sistem; radyometrik alıcının parabolik yansıtıcı anteninin odak noktasında bulunduğu ve bu antenin iki eksende (azimut ve kalkış) çalışan bir konumlandırıcı tarafından taranmasıyla görüntülemenin yapıldığı bir teknolojiye sahiptir. Bir PMMDGS’de görüntülenen ortamdan gelen sinyalin oldukça zayıf olmasından dolayı hem iyi bir kuvvetlendirmenin yapılması hem de alıcıdan optimal sinyalin elde edilebilmesi için radyometrik alıcının parabolik yansıtıcı antenin odak noktasına doğru konumunda yerleştirilmesi büyük bir önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada; PMMDGS’nin anteni, gökyüzü gibi sabit bir görüntüleme noktasına yönlendirilmiş iken radyometrik alıcı, parabolik yansıtıcı antenden belli mesafelerde kaydırılmış ve optimal sinyalin elde edildiği konum bulunmuştur. Sonuçlar, algılamanın radyometrik alıcıya bağlı olan horn antenin açıklık ucundan değil, bağlantı kısmına yakın bir noktadan olduğunu göstermiştir.
The Fracture Toughness and Brittleness of Au doped YBCO Superconductors
Authors: TERZİOĞLU Rıfkı
Published: June 2020

In this work, the effect of Au addition on some mechanical properties of YBCO superconductors are analyzed. Five different samples (undoped, 1%, 5%, 15% and 20%) were prepared using the conventional solid state reaction method. The experimental results of the microhardness measurements are used to obtain the yield strength, Young’s modules, fracture toughness and brittleness index. These mechanical properties mentioned above are extracted by using the proportional specimen resistance (PSR) model. The mechanical properties of the samples were found to be load dependent. The yield strength, Young’s modules, brittleness index and fracture toughness values increase with decreasing test load and decreases with increasing Au content. The possible reasons for the observed degradation in the mechanical properties due to Au addition are discussed.
Betonarme Binalardaki Döşeme Boşluğu Konumu ve Büyüklüğünün Deprem Davranışı ve Kaba İnşaat Maliyetine Etkisi
Authors: GÜRSOY Şenol , DOĞAN Samet Oğuzhan
Published: June 2020

Betonarme binalarda mimari ve mekanik nedenlerle farklı boyut ve konumlarda döşeme boşlukları bulunmaktadır. Ancak Türkiye’de meydana gelen depremler sonucu betonarme binalarda kabul sınırlarının ötesinde yapısal hasarların oluştuğu görülmüştür. Maruz kaldıkları depremlerde betonarme binalarda oluşan söz konusu yapısal hasarların çoğunun deprem yönetmeliğinde belirtilen yapı düzensizlikleri nedeniyle meydana geldiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada betonarme binalarda bulunan döşeme boşluklarının konumlarının ve büyüklüğünün bina deprem davranışı ve kaba inşaat maliyetine etkileri karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla örnek olarak seçilmiş betonarme bina modellerinde farklı konumlarındaki ve büyüklükteki döşeme boşluklarının bina kaba inşaat maliyetine (beton ve demir metrajları) ve deprem performansına etkileri 2007 Türkiye Deprem Yönetmeliğinde önerilen zemin sınıflarına göre Sta4-CAD programı yardımıyla elde edilmiştir. Bina modellerinin yapısal çözümlemelerinden elde edilen bulgular irdelendiğinde, betonarme binalardaki döşeme boşluklarının, özellikle döşeme boşluğu oranı arttığında, bina deprem davranışını olumsuz olarak etkilediği ve kaba inşaat maliyetlerini artırdığı görülmüştür.
N-Nitrozo N-Etilüre’nin Zebra Balığı (Danio Rerio) Testis Histolojisi Üzerindeki Etkisi
Authors: YILMAZ Meltem , AKBULUT Cansu , YÖN ERTUĞ Nazan Deniz
Published: June 2020

N-Nitrozo bileşikleri, 20. yüzyılın
başından itibaren bilinen, ancak 1950’lerden sonra canlı sağlığı üzerine
etkileri daha çok dikkat çeken bileşiklerdir. N-Nitrozo N-Etilüre (ENU)
günümüzde gıda ürünlerini koruyarak raf ömrünü uzatmada kullanılan N-Nitrozo
çeşitlerindendir. Deney hayvanları üzerinde yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda
toksik, teratojenik, mutajenik ve kanserojenik etkilerinin olduğu ortaya
konmuştur. Bu çalışmada ENU maddesi uygulanan, erkek zebra balıkların testis
dokusunda meydana gelen değişimler histopatolojik olarak araştırılmıştır.
Çalışma için 1 kontrol ve 4 deney grubu olmak üzere toplam 5 grup
oluşturulmuştur. Deney grubundaki akvaryumlara, 0.25 mM, 0.50 mM dozlarda ENU
uygulanmıştır. Alınan zebra balığı testis dokusuna rutin histolojik işlemler
uygulanmıştır. Doz ve uygulama süresinin artışına bağlı olarak deney
gruplarının testis dokusunda, seminifer tübüllerde yapısal bozulmalar ve
vakuolizasyon, spermatogenetik seriye ait hücre kümelerinde doza bağlı olarak
azalma, gelişen spermatogenetik seriye ait bazı hücrelerde hipertrofi ve
piknotik hücre oluşumu, bağ dokusunda dejenerasyonlar tespit edilmiştir.
Histolojik incelemeler neticesinde ENU’ya maruz kalan erkek zebra balıkların
testis dokularında olumsuz değişimler görüldüğü belirlenmiştir.
A mixed methods needs assessment of pediatric emergency and critical care in Tanzanian providers: a model for curriculum development
Authors: Chen Carol C , Straube Steven , Vo Holly , George Upendo , Sawe Hendry , Tenner Andrea G
Published: June 2020

Background

There are several curricula developed to train providers in low-resource settings on how to care for critically ill and injured children, however few incorporate the unique needs, insights, and challenges faced by the providers. Using a mixed methods approach, we conducted a needs assessment to determine the most important learning issues, attitudes, and beliefs of emergency department (ED) providers at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) about the development of a novel pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) curriculum for their setting.

Methods

A retrospective, observational, analysis of a database of pediatric (<18 years old) ED visits from April 2016 to April 2017 identified the most common presenting diagnoses. Qualitative focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted using purposive sampling of providers. Content analysis identified emerging themes and member-checking was performed approximately 5 months later.

Results

Analysis of 16005 visits showed that 8 of the top 15 most common diagnoses were shared with the 15 most important topics identified by healthcare providers from the qualitative analysis; sepsis, anemia, malnutrition, congenital heart disease, pneumonia, burns, malaria, and seizures. Twenty-one healthcare providers (2 ED attending physicians, 1 pediatric attending, 5 ED residents, 9 nurses, and 4 registrars) participated and thematic saturation was achieved. Fifty-seven percent of respondents (n=13) preferred a course taught in-person, and 58% (n=15) preferred a course length of less than six months. Respondents preferred a mixed instruction approach of lectures and didactics with simulation and skills stations. Three principal perspectives on poor patient outcomes were identified; i) delayed presentation to care from a lack of recognition of disease severity and/or inappropriate or inadequate treatment; ii) poor communication and a lack of knowledge of pediatric resuscitation and critical care, and limited pediatric supplies and equipment; and iii) inadequate inpatient care despite ED stabilization.

Conclusions

Emergency care providers reported interest in participating in a short PEM curriculum with both live training and self-administered learning. The topics identified were concordant between participants and a database analysis, as well as previously published studies. Themes on poor patient outcomes have provided a deeper context into which the curriculum will be taught. These findings can inform future curriculum development efforts.
FAKTOR RISIKO MASA KERJA DAN WAKTU ISTIRAHAT TERHADAP KEJADIAN PENYAKIT DEKOMPRESI PADA NELAYAN PENYELAM DI PULAU BARRANG LOMPO
Authors: Wijaya Dian Rezki , Abdullah Andi Zulkifli , Palutturi Sukri
Published: June 2020

Penyakit dekompresi (Decompression Sickness) merupakan suatu penyakit yang disebabkan oleh pembentukandan peningkatan ukuran gelembung ketika tekanan parsial gas inert dalam darah dan jaringan melebihi tekananambient yang dapat menimbulkan gejala seperti rasa sakit di persendian, sakit kepala, gatal-gatal, mati rasa(numbness) kelumpuhan (paralysis) bahkan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisisfaktor risiko kejadian penyakit dekompresi pada nelayan penyelam di Pulau Barrang Lompo Kota Makassartahun 2011-2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan Case Control Study yang dilakukan di Pulau BarrangLompo dengan sampel sebanyak 47 kasus dan 94 kontrol. Kasus adalah nelayan penyelam yang menderitapenyakit dekompresi, sedangkan kontrol adalah nelayan penyelam yang tidak menderita penyakit dekompresi.Penarikan sampel menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Analisis regresi logistik digunakan untuk melihatfaktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian penyakit dekompresi.Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa faktor risiko yang berpengaruh secara statistik dengan kejadian penyakit dekompresi pada nelayanpenyelam adalah masa kerja (OR=4,110; Cl 95% : 1,341-12,595) dan cara naik ke permukaan (OR=2,575; Cl95% : 1,210-5,478). Sedangkan waktu istirahat tidak berpengaruh secara statistik dengan kejadian penyakitdekompresi pada nelayan penyelam (OR=3,611; Cl 95% : 0,824-15,821). Analisis multivariat menunjukkanbahwa masa kerja merupakan variabel yang paling berisiko terhadap kejadian penyakit dekompresi pada nelayanpenyelam di Pulau Barrang Lompo (OR=3,900, Cl 95% : 1,241-12,253).
AYNU’L-KUDÂT el-HEMEDÂNÎ’NİN İDAM SAVUNMASINDA TEFSİR UYGULAMALARI VE TASAVVUFÎ YORUMLARI
Authors: BAYER İsmail , ÖZKAN Ahmet
Published: June 2020

Aynu’l-Kudât el-Hemedânî  (d. 492-1098/ö. 525-1131) tasavvufun bir ilim
olarak ortaya çıktığı dönemde dünyaya gelmiştir. İslam Medeniyeti açısından
zengin olan bu dönemde, Sünnî düşüncenin oluşmasında önemli bir yeri olan
Nizamiye Medreseleri kurulmuş ve yaygınlaşmıştır.

Hemedânî, küçük yaşlarından itibaren iyi
bir tahsil görmüş ve ilk eserini 14 yaşında kaleme almıştır. O, yirmili
yaşlarda tasavvuf, kelâm, tefsir, fıkıh, dil bilimleri, matematik, astronomi ve
felsefe alanlarında yüksek düzeyli eserler vermiştir. Genç yaşta fetva verecek
seviyeye ulaşarak Hemedan kadılığına ve aynı yerde mevcut medresenin
müderrisliğine tayin edilmiştir.

Hemedânî, meşgul olduğu ilmi
faaliyetlerinin, arayışlarına ve zihnini kurcalayan sorularına cevap verememesi
üzerine bir buhran geçirir. İmam-ı Gazzalî’nin eserleri vesilesiyle bu
sıkıntıyı atlatır. 
Ahmed Gazzalî ile tanışması ise hayatında bir dönüm noktası olur.
Ahmed Gazzalî’yi kendisine rehber olarak seçer ve  ondan almış olduğu tasavvufi eğitim ile
hayatının sonuna kadar etrafındaki insanları irşad eder. Özellikle yirmili yaşlarında fikirlerini özgürce dile getirmesi ve
şatahat türü sözler söylemesi, aleyhinde faaliyet gösteren bir topluluğun
oluşmasına neden olur. Bununla beraber üstün hitabet yeteneği ve etkili
vaazları sayesinde aralarında devlet adamlarının da bulunduğu çok sayıda mürid
edinmiştir.

Hemedânî’nin tasavvuf yolu, Ahmed Gazzalî’den
kendisine intikal eden aşk, cezbe ve fenadır. Ona göre din bir sosyal
alışkanlık değildir. Tasavvuf,
Allah’ı görmeyi ve O’na kavuşmayı hedefleyen bir yolculuktur.

Otuz üç yaşında, Hemedân’da, zındıklık
suçlamasıyla, Selçuklu veziri Kıvâmüddin Dergezînî’nin emriyle öldürülmüş/şehit
edilmiştir. Şekve’l-Garîb adlı
risalesi, ölümünden kısa bir müddet önce Bağdat’ta zindanda tutulduğu esnada,
kendisini savunmak için dönemin ilim ve tasavvuf erbabına yazmış olduğu son
eseri ve bir tür idam savunmasıdır.

Yaşadığı dönemin âlimlerinden ve
mutasavvıflarından yakınmalarını hüzünlü bir üslupla dile getiren bu eser, onun
fikri sürecinin son halkasını teşkil etmesi bakımından önemlidir. Öte taraftan
eser, tarihe iz bırakmış bir müellifin nasıl anlaşılması gerektiğine dair
önemli metodik veriler sunmaktadır. Risalede tasavvuf, akâid, kelam ilimlerinin
yanı sıra tefsir ilmine dair kıymetli veriler bulunmaktadır. Elinizdeki
çalışma, Hemedânî’nin idam savunmasını yaptığı Şekve’l-garîb adlı eserinde yer alan tefsir uygulamalarını ve
bunların tasavvufî yorumlarını tespit etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu bağlamda
Hemedâni’nin dini ve edebi metinleri anlamlandırırken kullandığı metodun
“kelâmın tamamından edinilmiş bilgi ve algı” ekseninde seyrettiğini söylemek
mümkündür.
ZİFAFIN HÜKÜMLERE ETKİSİ
Authors: BAYAR Mesut
Published: June 2020

İslam dininin hedefi insanları dünya
ve ahiret hayatlarında saadete kavuşturmaktır. Bu bağlamda mükellefin Allah’a
karşı yükümlülükleri vardır. Bu yükümlülükler; ya insanın Rabbine iman ve ona
ibadet etmesi suretiyle veya onun diğer insanlarla olan ilişkilerini Rabbinin
direktifleri doğrultusunda düzenlemesiyle ifa edilmiş olur. İnsanların
birbirleriyle ilişkilerinin en mühim kısmını aile kurumundaki ilişkiler
oluşturmaktadır. Ailenin işlevi, neslin karışmasını önleyerek ve devam etmesini
sağlayarak dinin zaruretlerinden biri olan neslin korunması gayesini
gerçekleştirmektir. Bunun temin edilmesi için nikâh aşamasında tarafların bazı
vasıflara sahip olmaları şart koşulmuş, nikâhtan sonra ise kendilerine bir
kısım hak ve sorumluluklar belirlenmiştir. Cinsel münasebet, bu hak ve
sorumluluklardan biridir.

Eşler arasında gerçekleşen ilk cinsel
ilişkiye Arapça’da duhûl, Türkçe’ de ise zifaf denilmektedir. Zifaf, nikâh akdi
ile mübah hale gelmekte ve hukukî sonuçlar doğurmaktadır. Zifaftan doğan hak ve sorumlulukların bir kısmı şahsî, diğer
kısmı malî özellik taşımaktadır. Zifafın, mehir, evlenme yasakları ve iddet
bekleme meselelerindeki hükümleri ayette açıkça beyan edilmiştir. Nesebin
tespitinin hükmü için hadis delil teşkil etmektedir. Bu sebeple sözkonusu meselelerde
fukahâ arasında bir ihtilaf bulunmamaktadır.

Karı-kocanın nikâh akdinden sonra
herhangi bir engel olmadan başbaşa kalmaları anlamındaki sahih halvet, bazı
fakihler tarafından zifaf hükümlerini doğuran bir eylem olarak kabul
edilmektedir. Bu sebeple; sahih halvete hükmî zifaf, fiili birleşmeye ise
hakikî zifaf denilmektedir. Sahih halvetin, mehrin tamamının verilmesi ve
kadının iddet beklemesini gerektirmesi hükümlerinde olduğu gibi zifafa benzer
sonuçları bulunmaktadır. Ancak kocaya ric‘î talak hakkını vermemesi meselesinde
hakikî zifaftan daha hafif sonuçları vardır.

Zifaf, sahih nikâh vasıtasıyla mübah
hale geldiğinden, zifaftan doğan hükümler, sahih nikâhın hükümlerini
tamamlayıcı ve nikâhın kalıcı hale gelmesini sağlayan özellikler taşımaktadır.
Bu durum, zifafın mehir ve iddete etkisinde açıkça görülmektedir. Ancak zifafın
nikâh akdinden bağımsız hükümleri de bulunmaktadır. Mesela bir nikâhın sahih
olmadığı zifaftan sonra ortaya çıkarsa veya kişi kendisiyle zifaf yaşadığı
şahsın kendi nikâhlısı olmadığını zifaf bittikten sonra öğrenirse bu zifafın
mehir, nesebin sübutu, iddet bekleme ve evlenme yasakları gibi konularda nikâh
akdinden bağımsız sonuçları olmaktadır. Fıkıh eserlerinde mehir, evlenme
yasakları, iddet, talak ve fasit nikâhlar gibi değişik başlıkların altında
bahsi geçen zifaf ile ilgili bu hükümler, çalışmamızda bir araya getirilmiş ve
değerlendirilmiştir.
Modernity I (Early ХХ Century) - Artwork Directions
Authors: Demchenko Aleksandr Ivanovich
Published: June 2020

В рубрике От главного редактора продолжается публикация большой серии художественно-исторических эссе, в которых последовательно рассматриваются крупнейшие эпохи. Эти обзоры призваны наметить панораму эволюции человечества в призме реалий всех видов искусства с выходом на онтологические обобщения. В предыдущих эссе были рассмотрены Древний мир, Античность, Средневековье, Возрождение, Барокко, Просвещение, Романтизм, Постромантизм.
The Gidatl Avars’ Traditional Clothes: Preserving Ethnical and Cultural Identity in the Soviet and Post-Soviet Period
Authors: Seferbekov Ruslan Ibragimovich
Published: June 2020

The paper aims to analyse the Gidatl Avars’ traditional men’s and women’s clothing and to identify chronological framework of its usage in the modern epoch. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author provides a comprehensive description of the Gidatl Avars’ traditional clothes that were in use basically up until the 1970-1980s, analyses combination of universal and regional features, traditional and innovative elements in their structure. The research findings are as follows: the author proves that the Gidatl Avars’ traditional clothes were in use basically up until the 1970-1980s, and some articles of clothing preserved for a longer period. Innovations were associated with distribution of ready-made clothes, formation of new life standards that led to almost full extinction of national clothes. Gradually they were replaced by ready-made European-style clothes. Basically this refers to men’s clothing. National costume is preserved wholly among women, elderly men and stock-breeders.
Patriotism Phenomenon as Ontological Universal of Society
Authors: Dushkin Aleksei Mikhailovich
Published: June 2020

The research aims to reveal specificity of the patriotism phenomenon in class and classless societies. Scientific novelty lies in a methodological analysis of universal character of the patriotism phenomenon as well as in anthropological and ontological comprehension of historical systems related to revealing an ontological basis of a socium consolidation. As a result, the author proves that a subject’s intra-system identity is determined by belonging to a class, but the patriotism phenomenon is typical of any cultural and historical unity (society) regardless of class essence. The patriotism phenomenon is an ontological universal manifesting itself in the process of a socium formation and development.
Ecological Consciousness in the Light of Dialectics of the Natural and the Artificial
Authors: Valiullina Zaynab Rakhimyanovna , Lukjanov Arkadiy Viktorovich , Pushkareva Marina Alekseevna
Published: June 2020

The article analyses ecological consciousness in the context of dialectics of the natural and the artificial. The authors explore I. Kant’s fourth antinomy and conclude on the necessary existence of “Being”, or Universal Mind. Ecological consciousness should develop on the principles of beauty, harmony of universal and human elements. The study focuses on analysing dialectics of the natural and the artificial with a view to develop the concept “ecological consciousness”, which deals with human habitat. Scientific originality of the paper lies in the fact that ecological consciousness is considered taking into account I. Kant’s fourth antinomy. The conclusion is made that a human being enters the era of artificial intelligence.
Post-Industrial Society under Conditions of Digitalization
Authors: Pelevin Sergei Igorevich
Published: June 2020

The paper aims to identify specificity of revolutionary technological transformations associated with digitalization processes. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that the author applies the categorial apparatus of modern social philosophy to study the dichotomy “industrial society” - “post-industrial society”. The research methodology includes sociocultural, systemic and structural-functional approaches. The research findings are as follows: analysing the information society theory and the knowledge society theory, the author identifies their conceptual-methodological features and reveals their differences. The article substantiates the provision that when approaching a social problem, first of all it’s necessary to clarify the definitions of the key notions constituting its theoretical basis. Accordingly, the author analyses terminological fields of the concepts under study with a view to clarify the definitions of the key notions and to discover their interrelations.
Solidarity as Rational Choice in Social Theory and Practice
Authors: Salimgareev Dmitry Vladimirovich , Salimgareev Maksim Vladimirovich
Published: June 2020

The article reviews the main approaches to understanding solidarity through the lens of rationalism and the choice arising on its basis as a way for Homo sapiens to adapt to emerging conditions of social life. The authors present their own definition of social solidarity, basing on which they explore the key issues of functioning of consolidation mechanisms manifesting themselves at the present stage of the society development. The researchers conclude that solidarity, grounded in the rational core of any kind of sociality, functions as a self-regulation mechanism of social communities and can be used as a means against increasing alienation of an individual.
The Russian Political and Legal Doctrines of the XIX Century through the Lenses of Modernization Theory
Authors: Sycheva Tatiana Mikhailovna
Published: June 2020

The paper aims to identify the place of domestic political and legal doctrines of the XIX century in the modernization paradigm. To achieve this research objective, the author analyses the content and transformation of the basic modernization conceptions, examines correlation of the modernization theory with the key issues of domestic political and legal doctrines of the XIX century. The research methodology includes the method of analogy, the comparative analysis method and the historical dialectical method. Scientific originality of the paper involves identifying the place of domestic political and legal doctrines both within early modernization theories and current modernization projects. The research findings are as follows: the author proves that the Russian political and legal thought of the XIX century contains the ideas, which not only correlate with provisions of early modernization theories but anticipate modernization conceptions of the end of the XX - the beginning of the XXI century.
Spirituality as Intra-Dialogue Form in Globalization Epoch: Russia and China
Authors: Koriagina Tatiana Olegovna , Saranin Denis Sergeevich
Published: June 2020

The paper aims to provide a comparative analysis of the Russian and Chinese scientific theories and to identify similarities in interpretation of spirituality, which constitutes a basis for the Russian-Chinese dialogue. The article presents a theoretical survey of the existing views on spirituality considered as a phenomenon inherent in any society based on traditional and universal values. Humanism, with its national specificity, is understood as a spiritual link between the two cultures. Scientific originality of the study is conditioned by the fact that spirituality is interpreted within the paradigm “Me - the Other” and also by the fact that the researchers compare the Chinese and Russian cultural code “spirituality”. The findings indicate that in the Russian cultural space, spirituality is not identified with religiosity, though these conceptions are often interrelated, whereas the Chinese understanding of spirituality is based on the Marxist-Leninist ideological values and traditional religious and philosophical doctrines.
Interaction of Cultures in the Context of Conflict-Consensual Processes
Authors: Ovchinnikova Tat'yana Maratovna
Published: June 2020

The study aims to provide an insight into the influence a person’s cultural background has on their behaviour in a conflict. The article describes features, which differentiate cultures. Interconnection of dynamics of a conflict and cultural background of its participants is substantiated. The way in which cultural background of parties to a conflict should be taken into consideration during its regulation is revealed. The research is novel in that it conducts a comprehensive analysis of the influence the needs and cultural background of subjects involved in a conflict have on formation of the conflict situation image and the choice of a particular behavioural strategy. The attained results have shown that it is impossible to make a step from confrontation to a constructive dialogue without taking into account opponents’ cultural background.
Variety and Polyphony of Texts in Musical Culture of Romantic Period
Authors: Andrievskaya Galina Petrovna
Published: June 2020

The article studies the phenomenon of a musical text, identifies the features distinguishing it from a piece of work. The core aspects of creativity of renowned Romantic composers of Western Europe and Russia in the XIX - early XX century are specified. The work also analyses the notion of text polyphony, peculiarities of its manifestation in the Western European and Russian musical art of the Romantic period. The research aims to provide a description of what the text category is in musical culture of the Romantic period. The study is novel in that the phenomenon of a text in musical culture is understudied and thematic variety of musical works is a “calling card” of the Romantic period. Basing on the research findings, the author sums up specifics of variety of musical texts in musical culture of the Romantic period.
The Balkan Severians and the Eastern Slavic Severian Tribes
Authors: Belokhvostov Andrey Nikolaevich
Published: June 2020

The study aims to reveal historical relation between the Balkan Severians and the Severian tribes that were settled on the left bank of the Dnepr River. Relying on an analysis of archaeological materials, written sources, an etymological analysis of the ethnonym “Severians”, the paper justifies the most substantiated hypothesis on the origin of this tribe. Scientific originality of the research lies in the fact that the author suggests a comprehensive approach to the problem, summarizes and analyses all the available information. The research findings are as follows: it is proved that in the VIII century, the Severian tribes resettled to the Russian Plain from the Balkan Peninsula, and the tribe name is derived from the name of the Roman Severian dynasty. The author considers the reasons that forced the Severians to leave their native land.
Synthesis of Visual Art and Cinematography in the Course of Animation Project Realization
Authors: Voronova Anastasiya Viktorovna
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to a relevant problem of synthesis of visual art and cinematography in the context of post-culture. The paper introduces the author’s original methodology of working on animation project; the project itself is considered as an important tool, which allows solving both educational and cultural-educational tasks. Analysing artistic space formation in domestic animation projects, the author outlines prospects for further studies of interaction of plastic arts and cinematography in the process of animation of pictorial and graphical works.
Thematic Typology of F. S. Torkhov’s Landscapes from the Funds of the State Art Museum of the Altai Territory
Authors: Peshkov Evgenii Yur'evich
Published: June 2020

The research objective includes developing a thematic typology of F. S. Torkhov’s landscapes from the funds of the State Art Museum of the Altai Territory. The article for the first time provides a typological analysis of F. S. Torkhov’s landscapes. It is shown that thematic orientation of his creative work changed under the influence of historical factors and relevant trends in the regional artistic life. Torkhov himself introduced new themes in the Altai painting. Scientific originality of the research involves the typological approach to studying thematic orientation of Torkhov’s landscape painting. Relying on the conducted analysis, the researcher develops a thematic typology of F. S. Torkhov’s landscapes.
The Czechoslovak Corps and Anti-Bolshevik Forces of the Volga Region: Key Aspects of Interaction
Authors: Vasil'chenko Maksim Anatol'evich , Panin Evgenii Valer'evich
Published: June 2020

The paper examines the key aspects of cooperation of the Czechoslovak Corps and the Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly (Komuch). The article considers the role of the Czechoslovak Corps in formation of the anti-Bolshevik movement in the Middle Volga region in the period of the Civil War in Russia. Relying on archival materials, the periodical press, personal sources, the authors identify areas of common interest of the Czech military commandment and the Komuch political leadership. Scientific originality of the study involves analysing poorly investigated aspects of this cooperation. The conducted research allows concluding that the parties cooperated in the following areas: military units formation, allied command, public order enforcement, struggle against diversionists, educational exchange and the Czechoslovak Corps material supply. It is shown that the cooperation developed on a short-term basis and its intensity was determined by the military situation.
A. I. Neidhardt’s Measures to Spread the Russian Influence in the North-Caucasian Region in 1842-1844
Authors: German Roman Eduardovich
Published: June 2020

The paper examines motives to introduce and implement political measures to spread the Russian influence in the Caucasus region at the beginning of the 1840s. The author considers views of the Russian authorities on the Caucasian problem and General A. I. Neidhardt’s measures to implement the government’s policy. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher suggests a systemic approach to analysing political measures, proposes to differentiate social and political aspects of the investigated problem. The conclusion is made that with A. I. Neidhardt, Russia developed and approved the Caucasian strategy, the implementation of which resulted in the end of the Caucasian war.
Contribution of Non-Resident Population to Agricultural Development of the Upper Kuban Region (the Second Half of the XIX - the Beginning of the XX Century)
Authors: Kosjashnikov Sergei Anatol’evich
Published: June 2020

The paper aims to identify the role of the non-resident population of the Upper Kuban region in the regional agricultural industry in the second half of the XIX - at the beginning of the XX century. The article analyses contribution of the non-resident population to development of agriculture and cattle-breeding, identifies the level of the non-residents’ influence on agrarian culture of the local mountaineers and the Cossacks. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author identifies ethnic structure of this population category and proves that the non-residents possessed self-sufficient economic skills. The findings indicate that the non-residents that constituted a specific stratum of the regional population contributed significantly to the region’s agricultural development establishing new innovative trends in the agrarian sector.
New Economic Policy in the Don, Kuban and Stavropol Regions (Political and Socio-Economic Context)
Authors: Kravchenko Galina Valentinovna
Published: June 2020

The article aims to describe the socio-economic and socio-political situation in the south-east of Russia in the period of New Economic Policy. Central authorities had to take into consideration local realities when developing political course. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the author analyses New Economic Policy at the micro-level (regional specificity) and considers not only unidirectional influence of central power on the regional socio-economic situation but also multidirectional influence. The conducted research has allowed the author to reveal regional specificity of New Economic Policy realization: introduction of a unified agricultural tax, transition to New Economic Policy delayed for two years, market relations were introduced from 1923. The party and Soviet bodies conducted policy of unification of the rural population, suppressed the “white-green” movement (until the autumn of 1924) and preserved emergency bodies (revolutionary committees, sowing committees).
Prussian Diplomacy and Elizaveta Petrovna: Choosing a Spouse for Grand Duke Pyotr Fyodorovich
Authors: Stolyarov Aleksei Mikhailovich , Tuhvatulin Airat Khalitovich
Published: June 2020

The paper examines a commonly accepted hypothesis that choosing a spouse for Grand Duke Pyotr Fyodorovich and deciding in favour of Princess Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg (the future Empress Catherine the Great), Empress Elizaveta Petrovna was under the Prussian influence. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the authors clarify the circumstances preceding the young Princess arrival in Russia. The conclusion is made that the Prussian diplomacy did not play a key role in decision making concerning the arrival of Princess Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg in Russia.
Drug Safety Monitoring Information
Authors: Editorial Article
Published: June 2020

Experts of the Department for Evaluation of Medicinal Products’ Safety of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products analysed administrative decisions of foreign regulatory authorities on the recall of medicines and/or the need to amend the prescribing information due to changes in their safety profile. The analysis helped to identify 11 administrative decisions that contain information on the following medicines registered in Russia: ranitidine, nizatidine, famotidine, pantoprazole, ondansetron, domperidone.
The difference of managerial approach in more or less design-oriented companies
Authors: Rocco Sanja , Selinšek Aleksandra
Published: June 2020

While the market orientation of companies has been thoroughly analysed, a review of the marketing literature indicates that there is significantly less research on Design Orientation, and especially on their relationship. This paper analyzes the variables of Design and Market Orientation on the basis of existing models and develops the measurement instrument for future research. The study also investigates the impact of managerial approach on the exploitation of design resources in the company. Two hypotheses are developed: the first on the DO-MO relationship, acknowledging the multiple dimensions of Design Orientation and the second on the difference in managerial approach between more and less design-oriented companies. The first, qualitative stage of the research served to re-examine the research constructs and variables, while an Internet survey was used in the second, quantitative stage, among managers and CEOs from Croatian companies. The design dimensions in our final model represented intermediaries between Market Orientation, managerial approach, and market outcomes. Results confirm that managers in non-design oriented companies differ from those in design-oriented companies by perceived design value. Managers’ and CEOs’ awareness of design, its value and potentials, are of great importance for design implementation and Design Orientation of a company as a whole, especially in SMEs. Managerial approach, according to results, has a direct effect on Design Orientation, but it also influences Market Orientation, both directly and indirectly, as well as business success. Findings of this study can have implications for scholars, as well as for managers in practice, especially in emerging economies, which lack research in Design Orientation. Future research should be expanded to other
countries in the region.
IMPLEMENTATION OF DOUBLE CRITICAL TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY LEARNING MODEL FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Dafrita Ivan Eldes
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine the implementation of Double Critical Technology Society (DCTS) learning model on the critical thinking skills of 7th grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Suhaid. This type of research is a quasi-experimental with posttest only design. Samples were taken from 7th grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Suhaid in the first semester of the 2019/2020 Academic Year which consisted of two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. The research instruments used were a test to measure students' critical thinking skills after DCTS learning model was applied and a questionnaire to measure student responses after being given a DCTS learning model. The data obtained were then analyzed using descriptive statistics and independent sample t test. The results of data analysis with the independent sample t test showed that the significance value of students 'critical thinking skills was 0.00 less than 0.05 so there was an influence on the implementation of the DCTS learning model on students' critical thinking skills. The critical thinking skills of the experimental class students with an average value of 71.30 were better than the control class which had an average value of 50.23. The results of the assessment of the response questionnaire with an average of 83.25 showed an excellent response from students to the DCTS learning model.
Analysis of Student Readiness for Blended Learning Model Implementation in Industrial Era 4.0
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus , Muntaqo Rifqi , Trisnowati Eli
Published: June 2020

Information technology (IT) has provided a new means for online learning outside conventional classrooms. By using IT, blended learning is an approach that gives the best advantage from class and online learning. It is also help the higher education to improve their understanding of how students see blended learning and formulate strategies to successfully implement blended learning. The aim of this research is to examine how students' attitudes towards various aspects of learning which can influence their readiness to participate in blended learning. We provide six aspects of learning and then collect 85 students as respondent. The analysis revealed three main findings. First, the use of technology in education is not an obstacle for students. Second, the ability to follow blended learning are influenced by four things namely attitudes toward online learning, study management, online interaction, and learning flexibility. Third, attitudes toward learning in class have a negative relationship with students' readiness to participate in blended learning. The last, student attitudes towards various aspects of learning can be important in assessing students' readiness for blended learning, which is a prerequisite for the successful application of blended learning.

 

Keywords: Blended learning, industry 4.0, student attitudes
Sustainable effectiveness of double duodenal and EUS-guided transmural biliary drainage in a patient with metastasis to biliopancreatoduodenal zone
Authors: Burdyukov M. D. , Nechipai A. M. , Yurichev I. N. , Panov V. O.
Published: June 2020

Obstructive jaundice with duodenal obstruction are often encountered in patients with primary cancer or metastasis to bilipancreatoduodenal zone. Usually palliative surgery involving creation of gastroentero and liver-cholecysteneteroanas-tamosis is used. This palliative surgery carries a high risk of complications and death if performed at the height of jaundice. In this case endoscopic stenting of duodenum or EUS-guided transmural biliary drainage may be preferred method of treatment. At the same time in the majority of patients performing of ERCP in cases of duodenum obstruction is not technically feasible. In this case EUS-guided transmural biliary drainage can be implemented. This clinical case demonstrates endoscopic treatment of a patient with pancreatoduodenal cancer complicated by duodenal obstruction and obstructive jaundice using endosonography and x-ray guided endoscopy.
Seventy-fi ve years of the victory of the Soviet people in the World War II. The role of Soviet medicine
Authors: Paltsev A. I.
Published: June 2020

The World War II was and is unforgettable for the Soviet people because it is the Great victory of the Great people. The president of the Russian federation defi ned the attitude of the West to the victory by the next words: “Countries do not stop trying to distort historical truth about the World War II… Russia will answer the truth to attempts to distort the facts about the World War II”. For our people this war is great tragedy and great feat. On the fi rst day of aggression the Soviet government declared: “Our cause is just. The enemy will be defeated. Victory will be ours.” The strength and courage of military commanders, soldiers and officers, who did, everything to ensure that on the night of May 1 the Red Flag hosted above the Reichtag. According to estimates of marshals of the Soviet Union, the role of the Soviet medical scientists, doctors, middle and junior medical workers is invaluable. It were they who returned to service 73.3% of the wounded and 90.6% of the sick, in absolute numbers that were about 17 million people, and 6.7 million people participated in the Berlin operation. Thus, the last point in the war was put by a Soviet soldier, a Soviet officer, returned to service by the Soviet medicine.
Recommendations for endoscopy and clinical practice in gastroenterology
Authors: Belova G. V.
Published: June 2020

According to domestic and foreign literature, COVID-19 (short for COronaVIrus Disease 2019), previously coronavirus infection 2019-nCoV is a potentially severe acute respiratory infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (2019-nCoV). It is a dangerous disease that can occur both in the form of an acute respiratory viral infection of a mild course and in a severe form, specifi c complications of which may include viral pneumonia, which entails acute respiratory distress syndrome or respiratory failure with the risk of death The most common symptoms of the disease include fever, fatigue, and dry cough. The virus spreads by airborne droplets through inhalation of droplets of the virus sprayed in the air during coughing or sneezing, as well as through the spread of the virus on the surface and then into the eyes, nose or mouth. The disease is caused by a new virus, to which there is no acquired immunity, and susceptibility does not depend on age and gender diff erences. All this creates a high degree of risk of infection for both medical professionals and patients in visiting medical institutions. The risk of infection is especially high during any interventional manipulations and operations related to the respiratory system and the gastrointestinal tract. Such interventions are primarily endoscopic. The situation is aggravated by the fact that at the moment there are no Sanitary and epidemiological regulations on prevention of COVID-19. At present, hospitals are guided in their work by the orders and instructions of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and Russian Federal Consumer Rights Protection and Human Health Control Service (Rospotrebnadzor). The usual anti-epidemic measures require adjustment in the new conditions. First of all to introduce zoning in hospitals, especially in endoscopic departments, to collect an epidemiological history before endoscopy, and audio monitoring in the further management of patience. It is extremely important to create relevant guidelines on the prevention of coronavirus infection using novel experience and scientifi c information including the existing orders and regulations of the healthcare system.
¿Por qué será que aquí hay que repetir tanto las cosas ? De los patrimonios privados a los emblemas olvidados en la producción monumental bogotana (1880-1938)
Authors: Llano Fabián Andrés
Published: June 2020

El siguiente artículo de investigación abre la discusión sobre los monumentos al hacer hincapié en una historia del concepto. La mirada sobre su origen en el occidente cristiano, su relación con la configuración del Estado Nación moderno y las comprensiones sobre su condición de producto cultural, permitió hacer el tránsito hacia la discusión sobre la legitimidad del patrimonio histórico. En el marco teórico el patrimonio histórico se comprendió como elaboración social y espacial y como producto cultural provocado por luchas sociales. La objetivación del patrimonio histórico bogotano, en particular de los monumentos, requirió de un enfoque de historia social como socioanálisis con el propósito de evidenciar las condiciones de su producción. Esta objetivación permitió poner al descubierto la problemática del olvido de los monumentos bogotanos con la especificación de los circuitos de legitimación en el espacio social y urbano bogotano entre 1880 y 1930.