bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Presentation and Reporting of Financial Transactions in the Pulau Harapan Cooperative, Agam District
Authors: GUSPENDRI Nasfizar , FITRIA Nita
Published: August 2024

This research aims to analyze the presentation and reporting of financial transactions at the Pulau Harapan Cooperative, Agam Regency. As well as analyzing the extent to which the presentation is in accordance with sharia principles and applicable accounting standards. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews, observation and analysis of cooperative financial documents. This research uses data originating from daily financial transactions at the Pulau Harapan Cooperative, Agam Regency. Data is analyzed and processed to produce financial reports based on the Sharia Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK). The results of the research concluded that cooperative financial transactions, which only take the form of daily transactions, can already prepare financial reports based on the Sharia Financial Accounting Standards (PSAK) and produce financial reports for each business unit as well as consolidated financial reports
Dataspace Integration for Agrobiodiversity Digital Twins with RO-Crate
Authors: Weiland Claus , Grieb Jonas , Bauer Daniel , Chala Desalegn , Kusch Erik , Andrew Carrie , Endresen Dag
Published: August 2024

A severe impact of human-induced climate change is the global decrease in crop yields, threatening the United Nations sustainable development goal (SDG) to end hunger, achieve food security, improve nutrition, and promote sustainable agriculture (SDG 2: “Zero Hunger Goal”).

Decision-making on appropriate mitigation strategies requires data integration from heterogeneous data-rich contexts including Earth observation (EO), biodiversity monitoring, gene banks as well as socio-economic data. Accordingly, large-scale initiatives for thematic data spaces, such as the European projects Destination Earth (DestinE) and the Green Deal Data Space, have been launched.

Underutilized crops and crop wild relatives (CWR) can contribute to mitigating the impacts of climate change since their greater genetic diversity allows adaptation of agro-food sources to extreme weather events such as flooding and drought or emerging crop pests.

Within the framework of Biodiversity Digital Twin (BioDT), a prototype digital twin for crop genetic resources modeling is under development. This prototype combines the scanning of genetic resources of CWRs and traditional cultivars for promising pest resistance and abiotic tolerance traits with advanced species distribution modeling and actual climate scenarios from EO. The aim is to generate habitat suitability maps and identify potential areas where relevant populations are potentially growing (Chala et al. 2024).

The talk gives an overview of data models used to facilitate the required interoperability of both Earth models and environmental data within and across different data spaces such as the DestinE Data Lake (Duatis Juarez et al. 2023). Based on our findings from the use case of agrobiodiversity digital twins, we will discuss approaches for processing machine-actionable digital objects (Fig. 1) containing workflow information (i.e., in the Common Workflow Language format, Crusoe et al. 2022), and for sharing resulting research data in a FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) manner by leveraging on so-called webby FAIR Digital Objects involving Research Object Crate (RO-Crate, Soiland-Reyes et al. 2022), FAIR Signposting (Soiland-Reyes et al. 2024) and schema.org and its Bioschemas extension respectively (Castro et al. 2020),
The impact of different compression ratios on emissions, and combustion characteristics of a biodiesel engine
Authors: Mahmood Hussein A. , Al-Sulttani Ali O. , Alrazen Hayder A. , Attia Osam H.
Published: August 2024

The current work investigated the combustion efficiency of biodiesel engines under diverse ratios of compression (15.5, 16.5, 17.5, and 18.5) and different biodiesel fuels produced from apricot oil, papaya oil, sunflower oil, and tomato seed oil. The combustion process of the biodiesel fuel inside the engine was simulated utilizing ANSYS Fluent v16 (CFD). On AV1 diesel engines (Kirloskar), numerical simulations were conducted at 1500 rpm. The outcomes of the simulation demonstrated that increasing the compression ratio (CR) led to increased peak temperature and pressures in the combustion chamber, as well as elevated levels of CO2 and NO mass fractions and decreased CO emission values under the same biodiesel fuel type. Additionally, the findings revealed that the highest cylinder temperature was 1007.32 K and the highest cylinder pressure was 7.3 MPa, achieved by biodiesel derived from apricot oil at an 18.5% compression ratio. Meanwhile, the highest NO and CO2 mass fraction values were 0.000257524 and 0.040167679, respectively, obtained from biodiesel derived from papaya oil at an 18.5% compression ratio. This study explained that the apricot oil biodiesel engine had the highest combustion efficiency with high emissions at a compression ratio of 18:5. On the other hand, tomato seed oil biodiesel engines had low combustion performance and low emissions of NO and CO2 at a compression ratio of 15:5. The current study concluded that apricot oil biodiesel may be a suitable alternative to diesel fuel operated at a CR of 18:1.
Generalized conditional spacings and their stochastic properties
Authors: Li Tie , Zhang Zhengcheng
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces the concept of generalized conditional spacings and establishes partial order relations between different generalized spacings. First, we derive the survival function of the generalized conditional spacings. Second, we construct the stochastic and hazard rate order relationships between different generalized conditional spacings and generalized normal conditional spacings, considering parent distributions that belong to the decreasing failure rate (DFR) and increasing likelihood rate (ILR) classes. Finally, for parent distributions within the DFR class, we obtain the dispersive order between different conditional spacings, along with an inequality for the variance. Additionally, we present illustrative examples involving Pareto and Gamma distributions.
A Recommendation System Based on Early Academic Performance Prediction and Student Classification: Utilizing Artificial Intelligence and Mobile-Based Application
Authors: Bousalem Zakaria , QAZDAR Aimad , EL GUABASSI Inssaf , Haj Abdellatif
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we explore the idea that categorizing students according to their early academic results can effectively prevent academic failure and enhance success in schools. Our objective is to offer appropriate educational strategies, learning methods, and resources. We introduce a method designed to improve student learning experiences and increase their high school success. For validation, we gathered a dataset from the School Life Management Software, containing data on the personal information and academic performance of 840 students from 2018 to 2021. Using this data, we developed a predictive model. We then compared the academic outcomes forecasted by our model with the actual results of the students for the 2021–2022 academic year. This comparison showed that our model can accurately predict early student academic performance and outcomes. Integrating our predictive model with a student classification system allows us to suggest effective strategies for enhancing student performance and avoiding academic failure, thereby improving the overall academic experience. In addition to the predictive model, we have developed a mobile application that operationalizes our findings. This application serves as a tool for students and educators, utilizing the predictive model to provide real-time academic performance forecasts. The app not only predicts outcomes but also suggests personalized strategies and resources to support students’ learning journeys.
Digital Competencies in Higher Education Students: Analysis of Attitude, Knowledge, and Use of ICT
Authors: Veloz Segura Verónica Teresa , Veloz Segura Elizabeth Alexandra , Veloz Segura Javier Alonso , Núñez Michuy Carlos Manuel
Published: August 2024

In the contemporary era, the convergence between education and digital technology demands an ongoing revision of pedagogical strategies, focusing on placing the student as the protagonist of the learning process. This study aimed to analyse the digital competencies of students from the Higher Technological Institute of Spain (ISTE) in Ecuador, considering their attitude, knowledge, and use of information and communication technologies (ICT), as well as how sociodemographic variables affect this context. Using a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional research design with a correlational approach to variables, the ACUTIC questionnaire was applied to a sample of 156 ISTE students. The data was analysed with R Commander 4.3.1, first performing a descriptive analysis exploring trends in variables such as age and gender. Furthermore, the use of parametric and non-parametric tests depends on the data distribution. The results confirmed that there are no gender differences in attitude, knowledge, or use of these technologies (p-value > 0.05). While age does not correlate with ICT use (p = 0.1661) or attitude (p = 0.1173), it does relate to knowledge of them (p = 0.0182) and to the possession of computers and smartphones (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0059, respectively). There is a robust correlation between ICT knowledge and use (p-value < 2.2e-16). Geographical location corresponds with stable internet access (p = 0.0000) and computer ownership (p = 0.0028). In conclusion, the digital competencies of ISTE students in Ecuador are influenced by multiple sociodemographic factors and represent a crucial aspect of adapting to the changes and demands of education.
Mobile Intervention with Neural Networks for the Mental Health of Older Adults
Authors: Ore-Lara Sidame Harry , Cieza-Mostacero Segundo Edwin , Araujo-Vásquez Eduardo Franco
Published: August 2024

This study presents an applied study with a pure experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of the application, with the objective of reducing the levels of loneliness and depression through the use of a mobile application based on neural networks in older adults in the city of Trujillo. In addition, software development technologies such as Flutter, Flask, and ExpressJs were used. The results indicate a significant decrease in the levels of emotional and social loneliness and depression in the experimental group (EG) compared to the control group (CG). Reductions of 15.03% in the level of emotional loneliness (LEL), 24.74% in the level of social loneliness, and a remarkable 44.12% in the level of depression were observed in the EG. In addition, a significant increase of 6% in the mood index was evidenced in the EG. This led to the conclusion that after mobile implementation based on neural networks, the alternative hypothesis is supported, statistically demonstrating the effectiveness of the application in reducing loneliness and depression in older adults. These findings suggest a positive impact on the emotional well-being of this population, underscoring the utility of technology in addressing mental health issues in this demographic.
Vietnamese University Students’ Perceptions of ChatGPT for Homework Assistance
Authors: Le Mai Thi Truc , Tran Khue Van
Published: August 2024

Since its emergence, the novel ChatGPT has attracted lots of users. In education, the use of Chat GPT might provide both advantages and disadvantages for students. Likewise, the intention to use ChatGPT for learning is controversial in different contexts. In some contexts, students perceived ChatGPT as useful and easy to use, expressing their inclination to use this learning tool. Meanwhile, in other contexts, students were doubtful about ChatGPT’s benefits, leaning toward not using the tool for their learning. Therefore, it is worth gaining insight into students’ perceptions of ChatGPT in the current context. Drawing from the technology acceptance model (TAM), we explored how students perceived ChatGPT for their homework assignments. Data from mixed methods revealed that students have a moderately positive perception of using ChatGPT. Specifically, students have a positive attitude toward the use of ChatGPT and perceive it as useful and easy to use. More importantly, students have the intention of employing this tool for their future learning, despite several concerns. Data from structural equation modeling analyses demonstrated that perceived ease of use directly influences perceived usefulness. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are predictors of students’ attitudes, which directly affect students’ intentions to use ChatGPT. The study provides empirical evidence to support the use of ChatGPT in education. Recommendations for using ChatGPT are discussed.
Decision Analysis and Practical Pathways for Innovative Teaching Methods in Information Technology Education
Authors: Guo Li
Published: August 2024

With the rapid advancement of information technology, its integration into modern education has become essential, with a focus on enhancing teaching outcomes and the student learning experiences through innovative teaching methods. However, existing studies predominantly suffer from a lack of systematic evaluation indicators and scientific decision models. The selection of evaluation indicators is often subjective, incomplete, and primarily qualitative, lacking quantitative data support. A systematic decision analysis method was proposed in this study to address these issues. This study comprises three components: the construction of an evaluation indicator system for innovative teaching methods in information technology education, a scale analysis based on gray relational degree, and the computational steps for the decision model concerning innovative teaching methods. This study provides scientific bases and practical pathways for the selection of innovative teaching methods in information technology education, aiming to enhance teaching effectiveness and educational quality.
Sustainable Impacts of Micro Fintech in Indonesia
Authors: Baita Abubakar Jamilu , Lukito Shellvy , Suhail Suhail , Jallow Mamadou Salieu
Published: August 2024

The chapter aims to investigate the sustainable and social impacts of micro Fintech in Indonesia. To achieve the research goal, the chapter utilized the case of Amartha Micro Fintech firm based in Indonesia. Data were collected from the annual Amartha's social accountability/sustainability reports between 2016 and 2022. The chapter employed both descriptive and SWOT analyses to evaluate the sustainable impacts of Fintech in terms of social services, financial models, empowerment of women entrepreneurs, environmental awareness campaign, as well collaboration with external partners. The results of findings revealed substantial sustainable impacts of Amartha Fintech, particularly in providing social impact services such as health and education and the empowerment of women micro entrepreneurs. In addition, it has pushed its frontier in collaborating with external partners and donors in both domestic and international spheres. However, the SWOT analysis showed that the firm needs to integrate a green digital innovation framework into its business model.
Unveiling the Future
Authors: Passi Amarjit Kaur , Mehta Pooja , Kaur Rajinder , Singh Sandeep
Published: August 2024

This study explores how AI influencers affect ethical consumerism through CASA theory and the theory of planned behavior. It examines attributes like parasocial interaction, perceived authenticity, and credibility, with ethical buying attitudes mediating ethical buying intentions. A quantitative analysis of 547 North Indian social media users aware of AI influencers, using SmartPLS 4.0, revealed these attributes significantly impact ethical consumerism. Despite its cross-sectional nature and focus on North Indian users, the study suggests other influential AI attributes might exist. Integrating TPB and CASA theory offers insights for tech entrepreneurs to enhance AI trustworthiness and for marketers to improve virtual influencer strategies, promoting ethical consumerism by encouraging environmentally friendly choices and individual responsibility. This study uniquely combines AI influencer attributes, ethical consumerism, CASA theory, and TPB, emphasizing the mediating role of ethical buying attitudes.
Exploring the Landscape of Urban Development, Sustainability, and Smart Cities Research
Authors: Baburao Chirra , Manjushree P. , Raju Indukuri Bangar
Published: August 2024

This bibliometric study explores the academic research on urban development, sustainability, and smart cities. It analyzes articles published from 2013 to 2023 and finds a growing interest in these areas. Research output has increased significantly, indicating a need for innovative and sustainable urban solutions. Using co-citation and co-occurrence network analysis, the study identifies dominant themes and shows a shift from traditional urban planning to contemporary sustainability and technological innovation. Italy is emerging as a leading contributor, with significant contributions from Brazil, China, and the UK. The results provide a comprehensive understanding of these research areas and offer valuable insights for stakeholders, including industry-academic partnerships, in creating sustainable and smart urban environments in the future.
The Smart City Waste Classification Management System
Authors: Cai Wenming , Xie Mengyun , Liu Yayun , Yang Xuesong
Published: August 2024

In response to the growing demands of urbanization, our research presents a pioneering Smart City Waste Classification Management System utilizing advanced computer vision techniques for efficient and accurate waste sorting. This system integrates the innovative CT-Net algorithm, which synergizes the strengths of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformer architectures to tackle the complex challenges posed by varied and unpredictable urban waste characteristics. Extensive evaluations on multiple datasets, including the proprietary Huawei Cloud waste dataset, demonstrate that our model significantly outperforms existing methodologies in terms of precision, robustness, and processing speed. By deploying this technology within urban waste management frameworks, cities can achieve remarkable improvements in sustainability and operational efficiency.
Perceptions of the Final Year Medical Students and Recent Graduates of a Medical School in Sri Lanka Regarding the Application and Relevance of Preclinical Sciences in their Clinical Training and Practice
Authors: Chamanthi J. H. A. S. , Bandara S. M. G. S. A. , Bandara S. M. G. S. M. W. , Biyanwila B. S. L. , Bombugala B. G. M. S. , Chandrasekara R. P. N. P. , Karunarathne H. M. A. G. , Paththinige C. S.
Published: August 2024

Objective: This study was conducted to determine perceptions regarding retention, application, and relevance of pre-clinical sciences in clinical training and practice, among final-year medical students and intern medical officers (IMOs) who graduated from the Rajarata University of Sri Lanka.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test.Results: A total of 211; 110 final-year students (52.1%) and 101 IMOs (47.9%) responded. Perceived knowledge retention was highest in Physiology (5.73+1.81/10), followed by Anatomy (5.12+1.7/10) and Biochemistry (3.99+1.97/10). The majority reported higher retention of clinically relevant concepts (79.6%) and a gradual decline in retained knowledge during clinical years (75.8%). Content areas with the highest perceived clinical relevance were neuroanatomy, abdomen, pelvis and perineum, radiological anatomy, and head and neck in Anatomy, blood, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary, and endocrine Biochemistry and physiology of cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, urinary, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems. Knowledge on biomolecules, metabolism, molecular genetics, histology, embryology and genetics were considered least clinically relevant. Pre-clinical sciences were perceived as fundamental for clinical training by the majority. They perceived that Anatomy and Physiology were applied more in diagnosis and patient management than Biochemistry. The majority expressed the need to revisit and re-evaluate Anatomy and Physiology during the clinical phase.Conclusion: A high level of relevance of pre-clinical sciences in many content areas was perceived by the participants. The study highlights the need for an early introduction to the clinical concepts within the preclinical curriculum and revisiting preclinical sciences during clinical training.
Morphological and Morphometric Study of the Pterion – A Cadaveric Study in Sri Lanka
Authors: Samarasinghe S. C. , Gangodawila T. H. , Dissanayake S.
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Pterion is an important landmark as its relation to the anterior branch of middle meningeal artery, Broca’s motor speech area on the left side, and surgical interventions relating to pathologies of the sphenoid ridge and optic canal as it provides access to vital structures such as sylvian fissure, circle of Willis, optic nerve, para-sellar regions, middle meningeal vessels and cavernous sinus. Approach through pterion is mostly used to treat lesions of anterior and middle cranial fossa. Pterion ossicle or Epipteric bone are sometimes mistaken as a fracture at this point.Objective: The aim is to study the types of pterions and measure the distance from various bony landmarks on skull to the midpoint of pterion.Methods: Specific measurements were taken, and type of the pterion recorded by two independent investigators in the Frankfurt plane on both sides of 37 adult dry skulls of unknown age, gender and race, without calvaria which were prepared for academic purposes, none of which showed any obvious pathology or trauma. The skulls with broken lateral walls were excluded. The linear distance from the center of the pterion to four anatomical landmarks were measured using a Vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.1 mm.Results: The sphenoparietal type of pterion was the most common (83.8% left, 81.1% right), followed by the frontotemporal (8.1% left, 13.5% right), and epipteric (8.1% left, 2.7% right) types and the stellate type was the least commonly observed (2.7% left side only). The distances on the left and right sides respectively from the center of the pterion to the frontozygomatic suture were 3.60 ± 0.57 cm and 3.68 ± 0.50 cm, to the zygomatic arch 3.76 ± 0.39 cm and 4.03 ± 0.40 cm, to the tip of the mastoid process 7.96 ± 0.58 cm and 8.16 ± 0.61 cm, and to the topmost part of the external auditory meatus 5.42 ± 0.34 cm and 5.53 ± 0.35 cm.Conclusions: This knowledge is essential in surgical approaches and interventions via the pterion, especially for neurosurgeons while drilling a burr hole at the pterion to prevent orbital penetration due to an anterior drilling and an ineffective access for instrumentation due to a posterior drilling. It will also be helpful for surgeons, radiologists, anthropologists, forensic pathologists in their diagnosis and treatment.
Embracing Interdisciplinary Approaches to Anatomy
Authors: Dissanayake Jayampathy
Published: August 2024

No abstract available
Incidence of hypothermia in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy in Siriraj
Hospital, Thailand
Authors: Pornsirirat Thonnarat , Kasemvilawan Nualnapa , Pattanacharoenwong Patcharavalia , Arpibanwana Saisunee , Kondon Hatairat , Naorungroj Thummaporn
Published: August 2024

Background: Hypothermia is a relatively common complication in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). However, few studies have reported the factors associated with hypothermia.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed in five intensive care units (ICUs) to evaluate the incidence of hypothermia and the predictive factors for developing hypothermia during CRRT, with hypothermia defined as a time-weighted average temperature <36 °C.Results: From January 2020 to December 2021, 300 patients were enrolled. Hypothermia developed in 23.7% of them within the first 24 hours after CRRT initiation. Compared to non-hypothermic patients, hypothermic patients were older and had lower body weight, more frequent acidemia, and higher ICU and 30-day mortality rates. In the multivariate analysis, age >70 years (odds ratio [OR], 2.59; 95% CI, 1.38–4.98; P=0.004), higher positive fluid balance on the day before CRRT (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.02–1.22; P=0.02), and CRRT dose (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.00–1.01; P=0.04) were significantly associated with hypothermia. Conversely, a higher body weight was independently associated with mitigated risk of hypothermia (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81–0.97; P=0.01). Moreover, a higher coefficient of variance of temperature was associated with greater ICU mortality (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.13–1.78; P=0.003).Conclusion: Hypothermia during CRRT is a relatively common occurrence, and factors associated with hypothermia onset in the first 24 hours include older age, lower body weight, higher positive fluid balance on the day before CRRT, and higher CRRT dose. Greater temperature variability was associated with increased ICU mortality.
Activity of cellular immunity in patients with nutrition-dependent diseases (obesity, type 2 diabetes)
Authors: Trushina E. N. , Mustafina O. K. , Sharafetdinov Kh. Kh.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the study is to analyze the indicators of cellular immunity in patients with obesity (OB) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The study included 15 patients with DM2 (DM2 group), body mass index (BMI) 37.36±1.12 kg/m2, 12 patients with OB (OB group), BMI – 38.12±1.51 kg/m2 and 15 practically healthy individuals (comparison group – GС): BMI 23.5±0.15 kg/m2. The study was performed on a flow cytometer FC-500 (Beckman Coulter, USA) using double combinations of monoclonal antibodies (Beckman Coulter – Immunotech SAS, France). The percentage indicators of the T cell population were assessed, such as total number of T lymphocytes (CD3+), number of T helper cells (CD3+CD4+), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD3+CD8+), natural killer cells – NK cells (CD3-CD16+CD56+), natural killer cells with the properties of T lymphocytes – NKT cells (CD3+CD16+CD56+) and B cell population (CD19+) lymphocytes, as well as the relative content of lymphocytes carrying activation markers (CD3+HLA-DR+, CD3+CD25+), and apoptosis marker antigen CD45+CD95+. The relative content of B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of the examined individuals did not have statistically significant differences. In patients in the DM2 and OB groups, there was a tendency (p 0.1) towards an increase in the relative content of T helper cells and a significant (p 0.05) decrease in the percentage of T cytotoxic lymphocytes relative to GC. This redistribution of lymphocyte subpopulations led to a significant (p 0.05) increase in the IRI value (arbitrary units): DM2 – 2.87±0.58; OB – 2.30±0.33 vs GC – 1.62±0.15. The relative content of NK cells and NKT cells in the peripheral blood of the examined individuals did not have a statistically significant difference in the magnitude of the indicators. A statistically significant (p 0.05) increase in the relative content of T lymphocytes expressing the activation marker HLA-DR (CD3+HLA-DR+) was found in patients in the DM2 and OB groups relative to GC [(%) DM2 – 7.95±0, 81; OB – 6.54±0.24; GC – 4.01±0.91] and a significant (p 0.05) increase in the percentage of CD45+CD95+ lymphocytes in patients with OB and DM2 relative to GC [(%) DM2 – 5.84±0.68; OB – 5.16±0.89; GC – 2.78±0.34]. The results obtained indicate the presence of meta-inflammation in patients with DM2 and OB.
Genetic modification of primary human B cells to model the process of B cell development in germinal centers
Authors: Byazrova M. G. , Sukhova M. M. , Mikhailov A. A. , Prilipov A. G. , Filatov A. V.
Published: August 2024

The main stages of maturation of antigen-specific B cells occur in the germinal centers of the lymph nodes. During the process of differentiation, a decision is made on which path the B cells will take to develop further. They will either turn into short-lived plasmablasts or memory B cells or plasma cells. The relationship between these processes is very important for the development of a productive humoral immune response. The goal of the work was to create a system that is capable of simulating ex vivo processes occurring in germinal centers. We used primary B cells from human peripheral blood as starting material. B lymphocytes were stimulated in vitro using feeder cells carrying CD40L molecules and recombinant IL-21. Upon IL-21/CD40L stimulation, B lymphocytes changed their morphology, surface phenotype, and functional activity. After active expansion for 10 days, further cell growth stopped, and after some time they died. To generate stably proliferating B cells, we used lentiviral transduction of IL-21/CD40L stimulated IgM+ B cells. For this purpose, lentivirus preparations were obtained that carried a cassette consisting of the BCL6 and BCL2L1 genes, separated by a sequence encoding the self-cutting peptide P2A, as well as a GFP reporter gene separated from the target genes by an IRES element. The cassette used ensured the synthesis of the Bcl-6 transcription factor and the Bcl-XL protein in target cells. The Bcl-6 repressor prevented B cells from undergoing terminal differentiation and becoming plasma cells, and the Bcl-XL protein had an anti-apoptotic effect. Transduced B cells proliferated for more than a month and maintained a plasmablast phenotype. Forty-two days after the start of stimulation, transduced B cells remained GFP-positive, coexpressed CD27 and CD38 antigens, carried surface CD20 and IgM, intracellular Bcl-6, Bcl-XL and IgM, retained IgM secretion, but remained negative for surface and intracellular IgG. The proven stimulation system will allow us to simulate key aspects of B cell development in germinal centers to study the formation of B cell memory, which will ultimately facilitate the development of effective vaccines.
Dental anomalies in congenital error of immunity
Authors: Sarkisyan N. G. , Tuzankina I. A. , Kataeva N. N. , Melikyan A. H. , Оsipova I. M.
Published: August 2024

Developmental disorders of the teeth and maxillofacial region are part of a symptoms complex that often occur with inborn errors of the immune system. The purpose of the study is to identify the frequency of various dentofacial anomalies occurrence in patients with diagnosed immunodeficiencies.
The study involved 64 patients of the Sverdlovsk Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 and the Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital (Ekaterinburg) with various diagnoses: combined immunodeficiencies, antibody defects, autoinflammatory disorders, defects in the number and functions of phagocytes, defects in immune dysregulation, complement defects, and unverified diagnosis with signs of immunodeficiency. All patients underwent examination of the oral cavity, hard dental tissues, periodontal tissue and jaw bone tissue.
It was found that an anomaly in jaw size is characteristic of all studied patient groups, except for the group with complement defects. Along with this, such pathology as quantitative and qualitative changes in teeth was identified in four classification groups: “combined immunodeficiencies” (25% of cases from the subgroup), “antibody defects” (31% of cases from the subgroup), “phagocyte defects” (10 % of cases from the subgroup), and “immune dysregulation defects” (50% of cases from the subgroup). The same frequency of occurrence of tissue repair defects: in “combined immunodeficiencies” (16.6% of cases from the subgroup), “autoinflammatory disorders” (26.7% of cases from the subgroup), “phagocyte defects” (10% of cases from the subgroup), in “unverified diagnoses” (20% of cases from the subgroup). The highest percentage of quantitative manifestations of such anomalies as jaw size (26% of cases from the entire study group) and facial dysmorphism (27% of cases from the entire study group). In patients with “combined immunodeficiencies”, all the dental anomalies described in the work were identified. However, the highest percentage of people in this group had delayed teething (33.3%) and facial dysmorphism (33%). The only patient diagnosed with “complement defects” had no dental anomalies. The minimum number of manifestations of the studied anomalies was observed in groups with “antibody defects” and “immune dysregulation defects”.
The accumulated experience in describing various dental diagnoses will contribute to the creation of dental criteria for the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiencies.
Dynamic features of the humoral immunity in patients with acute coronary syndrome depending on the content of B lymphocytes with the CD3-CD19+CD5+ phenotype, who have and have not COVID-19
Authors: Safronova E. A.
Published: August 2024

The purpose of the work was to study the dynamic features of the humoral immunity in patients with acute coronary syndrome depending on the content of B lymphocytes with the CD3-CD19+CD5+ phenotype, who had and did not have COVID-19. We analyzed data on humoral immunity in men aged 40 to 65 years with acute coronary syndrome, who had and did not have COVID-19, depending on the content of B lymphocytes with the CD3-CD19+CD5+ phenotype. All patients underwent coronary angiography with further stenting of the coronary arteries. The values of lymphocytes with the CD45+CD3-CD19+ phenotype and the presence or absence of COVID-19 previously were taken into account. Using the flow cytometry method, 2 groups were gated using the pan-leukocyte marker CD45+: the subgroup of B lymphocytes CD3-CD19+CD5+ and the subgroup of B lymphocytes CD3-CD19+CD5-, B lymphocytes (CD45+CD3-CD19+). Levels of total IgA, IgG, IgM, C1-inhibitor, C3a and C5a complement components by enzyme immunoassay.
After coronary artery stenting, B lymphocytes (CD3-CD19+CD5+) significantly increased in the group of people with COVID-19, with initially low levels of these cells (p 0.01) and normal cells (p 0.05). In individuals who had COVID-19 and did not have this disease, with initially decreased CD3-CD19+CD5+ cells, B lymphocytes (CD45) increased significantly (p 0.001 and p 0.05, respectively) over time (p 0.05+CD3-CD19+), B lymphocytes (CD3-CD19+CD5-). In the group of patients who recovered from COVID-19 with normal CD3-CD19+CD5+ cells, the relative number of B-lymphocytes decreased over time (p 0.01) (CD45+CD3-CD19+) and CD3-CD19+CD5- cells. In persons who had previously suffered from COVID-19, with increased CD3-CD19+CD5+ cells, the number of B-lymphocytes (CD45+) significantly (p 0.05) decreased over time CD3-CD19+), in those who did not have COVID-19 with high above-mentioned cells, immunoglobulin A significantly (p 0.05) increased. The most severe clinically was the group of people with low CD3-CD19+CD5+B cells and COVID-19 in the anamnesis.
Effect of proteins from the coelomic fluid of superficially wounded holothurians on the activity of phagocytes
Authors: Dolmatova L. S. , Karaulova E. P.
Published: August 2024

Holothurians are among the most capable of regenerating animals. Their phagocytes are analogues of macrophages, but the mechanisms of their participation in wound healing have not been studied. The aim of the work is to determine the effect of individual protein components isolated from the coelomic fluid of holothurians with superficial damage to the body wall on the functional activity of the two types of phagocytes (P1 and P2) in holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix.
Protein components of the coelomic fluid of holothurians with superficial wounds of the body wall were analyzed and collected by gel permeation chromatography. We used proteins whose content changed significantly during the wound healing period in preliminary experiments. Two proteins and a peptide were added to phagocytes, isolated by gradient centrifugation, simultaneously with the thermostable toxin of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and incubated for 24 h. The production of superoxide anion radical was determined by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) using a colorimetric method. To assess the specificity of the proteins, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used as an internal control. In one-day in vivo experiments, proteins were administered to wounded animals.
Two proteins, when compared with the effect of BSA, did not show a specific effect on the production of reactive oxygen species in phagocytes in vitro. However, a comparison of the effect of the peptide on the oxidative activity and viability of phagocytes with those of BSA revealed the specificity of its action. The peptide reduced the oxidative activity of P1 phagocytes and increased it in P2 phagocytes in a direct concentration-dependent manner. One of the two proteins being administered to wounded holothurians caused a multidirectional concentration-dependent effect on the oxidative activity of the two types of phagocytes, with a predominant suppression of the P1 phenotype activity. The ability of protein components to cause a shift in the ratio of oxidative activity of the two types of phagocytes towards the preferential activation of P2 phagocytes, which are considered as functional analogues of M2 macrophages, suggests that they act as anti-inflammatory agents.
PENGARUH PAJAK PENGHASILAN, PROFITABILITAS, DAN LEVERAGA TERHADAP PERATAAN LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA SEKTOR CONSUMER NON-CYCLICALS TAHUN 2020-2022
Authors: Aurelia Delafeva Christabela , Riswandari Ernie , Nelson Catheryn
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh variabel pajak penghasilan, profitabilitas, dan leverage terhadap perataan laba pada perusahaan sektor Non-Cyclicals yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2020-2022. Terdapat 41 sampel perusahaan yang diperoleh dengan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis data dengan analisis regresi logistik menggunakan software SPSS versi 26. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diambil dari laporan keuangan dan laporan tahunan perusahaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel pajak penghasilan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perataan laba, dan variabel profitabilitas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap perataan laba, dan leverage berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap perataan laba.
Antifungal effect of a metabolite of Pseudomonas aeruginosa LV strain on azole-resistant Candida albicans
Authors: Moreira Caroline Lucio , Bartolomeu-Gonçalves Guilherme , Silva-Rodrigues Gislaine , Simionato Ane Stéfano , Nakamura Celso Vataru , Rodrigues Marcus Vinicius Pimenta , Andrade Galdino , Reis Tavares Eliandro , Yamauchi Lucy Megumi , Yamada-Ogatta Sueli Fumie
Published: August 2024

Candida albicans remains the most common agent of candidiasis worldwide. This yeast is generally sensitive to most antifungals, however, the emergence of azole-resistant C. albicans has been reported. In addition, this microorganism can form biofilms on various surfaces, making it difficult to treat infections. In this study, the effect of secondary metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain LV on planktonic and sessile cells of C. albicans, with different genotypes and susceptibility profile to fluconazole and voriconazole, was evaluated. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the semi-purified fraction F4a ranged from 1.56 to 6.25 μg/mL and 6.25 to 25 μg/mL, respectively. Fluopsin C appears to be the antifungal component of F4a. The semi-purified fraction and fluopsin C showed fungicidal activity, dose and time dependent. F4a caused severe damage to the morphology and ultrastructure of planktonic fungal cells, and significantly reduced the viability of 24-hour biofilms, with MIC for sessile cells from 12.5 to 25.0 μg/mL. However, cytotoxicity was detected in mammalian cells for F4a and fluopsin C at concentrations that showed antifungal activity. These results indicate that fluopsin C may be a prototype for the development of new antifungals for C. albicans.
Characteristics of the Warm Mix Asphalt with Emulsion as Additives in Engineering
Authors: Shukla Anubhav , Birali R. R. L. , Pratap Singh Akhand
Published: August 2024

The technology known as Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA), just unveiled in Europe, is becoming increasingly popular across the globe. By lowering the bitumen binder's viscosity, this cuttingedge technique makes asphalt mixtures more workable at lower temperatures between 30-40°C needed to generate conventional Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). Reduced pollutants, energy savings, and a less offensive smell result from the lower mixing and compaction temperatures. More studies are necessary to evaluate its long-term performance. Based on MORTH requirements, this study examines the efficacy of bitumen emulsion as an addition in WMA samples of Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) and Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM) mixtures. The combinations' binder contents varied from 4% to 7% of the aggregate weight. For the DBM and SMA mixes, cement and stone dust were utilized as fillers, and VG 30-grade bitumen was employed as the binder. For SMA and DBM mixtures, the ideal binder contents were determined to be 6.92% and 6.32%, respectively.
III conference of the Association of rectors of transport universities of BRICS+
Authors: Komarov E.
Published: August 2024

June 10–11, 2024, the Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg Transport University (PGUPS) in St. Petersburg hosted the III Conference of the Association of Rectors of Transport Universities of BRICS+.
LA OBLIGACIÓN DE RESOLVER DE FORMA EXPRESA Y EL SILENCIO ADMINISTRATIVO COMO EFECTO DE DICHO INCUMPLIMIENTO
Authors: PÉREZ CASTILLO RAFAEL
Published: August 2024

La pasividad de la Administración Pública, queda paliada con la figura del silencio administrativo. El ordenamiento jurídico da respuesta a tal pasividad para evitar la inaccesibilidad del ciudadano ante los órganos judiciales.
LAS CUENTAS DE LA JUSTICIA Y EL ESTADO DE LAS AUTONOMÍAS
Authors: BENDALA GARCÍA ROSA
Published: August 2024

Facilita información sobre el gasto en justicia que llevan a cabo las Administraciones Públicas de España. Poniendo a disposición de los gestores y estudiosos del sector, datos que les pueden ayudar a dirigir sus esfuerzos en la dirección precisa para lograr la mejor prestación al ciudadano.
OPEN AND CLOSED COMPOUND WORDS IN SERBIAN ORTHOGRAPHY: DIACHRONIC APPROACH
Authors:   Institute for Educational Research, Belgrade, Serbia, Stevanović Jelena M. , Milošević Jadranka Ž. ,   Institute for Improvement of Education, Belgrade, Serbia, Lazarević Emilija N. ,   Institute for Educational Research, Belgrade, Serbia
Published: August 2024

The main goal of the paper is to determine the differences related to one of the most complex areas of Serbian orthography – open and closed compound words – explored from the diachronic perspective, that is, our goal is to examine what formal and se- mantic criteria authors/editors of orthography handbooks followed when it comes to writing compounds, semi-compounds, and syntagms. The corpus consists of the following: Srpski pravopis [Serbian Orthography] (1914); Pravopis srpskohrvatskog književnog jezika [Or- thography of the Serbo-Croatian Literary Language] (1923); Pravopisno uputstvo za sve os- novne, srednje i stručne škole Kralјevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca [Orthographic Handbook for all Primary, Secondary, and Vocational Schools of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes] (1929); Novo pravopisno uputstvo srpskog književnog jezika [New Orthographic Handbook of the Serbian Literary Language] (1942); Pravopis srpskohrvatskoga književnog jezika [Orthography of the Serbo-Croatian Literary Language] (1960); Pravopis srpskoga jezika [Orthography of the Serbian Language] (1993); and Pravopis srpskoga jezika [Or- thography of the Serbian Language] (2014). The selection of the corpus is based on the fact that over a century (1914–2014) the editors of orthography handbooks did not always con- sistently adhere to the traditional rules of writing Serbian open and close compound words, and that inevitable changes in the .language imposed new orthographic rules to be applied in this area. This paper explores the extent to which the differences are visible, as well as the segments of writing open and closed compound words that have changed the most
USING CORRELATIONS IN TEACHING SUFFIXATION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Authors:   Singidunum University, Belgrade, Čorboloković Saša S.
Published: August 2024

This paper deals with correlative approach in teaching suffixation within the field of Serbian language and literature course, which is a part of the 6th grade elemen- tary school curriculum. The goal of the paper is to examine the significance and role of internal correlation, i.e. correlation between the different branches of a subject, aimed at helping students to achieve a more functional knowledge of word formation. The main goals of the research are the following: to give a review of literature related to correla- tion method in teaching; to show the potential advantages of the method on the example of a lesson plan; to highlight a new approach to teaching suffixation at elementary school level, with the purpose of achieving learning outcomes and enhancing active learning. The proposed model of internal correlation is based on students’ experience, enhances their creativity and critical thinking, as well as vocabulary expansion. Teaching word formation is no longer formal and normative – it becomes creative and functional
Contrastive Analysis of the Use of Articles with Anthroponyms in the Albanian and English Language
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology, Kukić Marko E. , Marković Anđela M. ,   University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philology
Published: August 2024

This paper undertakes a comparative examination of the usage of articles within the contexts of Albanian and English languages, focusing particularly on anthroponyms ‒ personal names, surnames, and nicknames. Employing a contrastive analysis methodology, the study presents a selection of examples to illustrate the syntactic nuances of article usage with anthroponyms in both languages. Through extracted instances from grammatical literature, the analysis not only delineates the degree of equivalence but also elucidates fundamental characteristics governing the use of articles. The study aims to elucidate the distinct roles and functions of articles in anthroponymic constructions, which exhibit notable disparities between Albanian, an isolate language within the indo-european language family and English, a Germanic language. While syntactic norms and the inherent functions of anthroponyms contribute to these disparities, there are discernible semantic similarities between the two languages in terms of the determinative values of anthroponomic phrases. This research sheds light on the intricate interplay between syntax, semantics, and pragmatics in shaping article usage within anthroponymic structures.