bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of basophil activation test in diagnosis of Dermatophagoides farinae sensitization and evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy in children
Authors: Li Yifan , Liu Changshan , Li Huiqiang , Wang Xueyan
Published: April 2022

It aims to detect basophil activation ratio (%CD63+) in peripheral blood of children with allergic asthma and rhinitis by using flow cytometry (FCM), so as to analyse the application values and clinical relevance of the basophil activation test (BAT) in diagnosis of Dermatophagoides farinae (Derf) sensitization and monitoring therapeutic efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT). It was a prospective study. From the newly diagnosed children with asthma and rhinitis in our paediatric clinic, 39 patients diagnosed Derf sensitization and 15 patients not allergic to Derf were enrolled; another 4 healthy children were taken as control group. Using Derf extracts in concentration of 1, 10 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL as the stimulus, BAT results were expressed as %CD63+in diagnosis of Derf sensitization and its correlation with skin prick tests (SPT), serum total IgE (tIgE), specific IgE (sIgE), sIgE/tIgE, specific IgG4 (sIgG4), FEV1%pred in pulmonary ventilation function, exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), children asthma control test (C‐ACT) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were observed. In sensitization group, %CD63+, sIgG4 and clinical indicators were detected again from patients who had received SCIT to analyse their internal connections. The average levels of %CD63+in 3 concentrations showed an increasing concentration‐dependent trend overall. %CD63+in sensitization group was significantly higher than that in the other 2 groups. The analysis of ROC for Derf sensitization showed the area under the curve (AUC) for BAT in 3 concentrations was higher than that for sIgE whose AUC is 0.893. %CD63+was positively correlated with SPT grade, sIgE, sIgE/tIgE and VAS, and negatively correlated with C‐ACT. In patients receiving SCIT, %CD63+became lower and sIgG4 level became higher than pretreatment. There was no obvious change in sIgG4 in those who had not received SCIT. BAT is a reliable and non‐invasive tool for diagnosis of Derf sensitization in children with asthma and rhinitis. CD63‐based BAT has clinical value to monitor outcome of SCIT, and the change in basophil activation is inherently related to induction of sIgG4.
Presidential firepower: The effect of the presidential party on gun ownership, 1980–2018
Authors: Ratcliff Shawn
Published: April 2022

Objective

Using theories of group threat and research on the political dynamics of gun ownership, this article examines two research questions: To what extent does the political affiliation of the president of the United States shape gun ownership? Moreover, how does the president of the United States’ political affiliation intersect with individuals’ political alignments to impact gun ownership patterns?

Methods

This study utilizes repeated cross‐sectional data from the General Social Survey (1980–2018). Specifically, it uses logistic regression to examine the intersection of the political affiliation of the U.S. president in a given survey year and respondents’ individual political identities.

Results

Although there is no independent effect of the president's political affiliation on gun ownership, the results indicate there is an increase in reported gun ownership among Republicans when a Democrat was in office. A similar increase is observed for Democrats when a Republican is in office.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate the linked macro–micro dynamics of gun ownership, specifically for political contexts.
Sample collection for pre‐transfusion crossmatching: Benefits of using an electronic identification system
Authors: Shin Kyung‐Hwa , Lee Hyun Ji , Oh Seung‐Hwan , Jo Su‐Yeon , Lee Sun Min , Kim In‐Suk
Published: April 2022

Background

Transfusion of ABO blood group‐mismatched blood or administration to the wrong recipient may result in fatal adverse events. To prevent these types of errors, various strategies have been employed. Recently, we developed a novel sample collection workflow for the pre‐transfusion crossmatching test and patient recognition. This study aimed to analyse the usage of the new workflow and improvements in outcomes.

Methods

We analysed the number of crossmatching and wrong‐patient errors among the blood transfusion cases during 3 years of data collection (from August 2018 to July 2021). From May 2021 to July 2021, the new workflow was implemented. Outcomes were calculated according to the department type, patient age and processing time. The sample processing time was defined as the time from placing the order to lab arrival.

Results

The new workflow utilisation increased from 50.7% to 80.3% and wrong‐patient errors decreased annually. The new workflow was used for more adults (3001/3680 samples, 81.5%) than paediatric cases (345/522 samples, 65.5%; p < 0.001) and in general wards than in the emergency room or intensive care unit. The sample processing time differed according to ward type and timing of the request (day: 28.80, 2.43–3889.43 min, night: 3.36, 2.72–1671.47 min; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Wrong‐patient errors were reduced without increasing sample‐processing time after introducing the new workflow which included using an electronic identification system. The time needed for the blood processing differed according to the ward type, patient age, and timing of the request. Patient safety can be promoted by managing these factors and using an electronic identification system.
On COVID‐19 pandemic and China’s foreign trade
Authors: Fang Jing , Ou Jinghua , Yao Shujie
Published: April 2022

In this study, we analyse China's foreign trade performance under the global COVID‐19 pandemic using the monthly data in 2019–2021. This paper finds that: (1) China's exports to its major trading partners recover and continue to grow in the second half of 2020 and 2021, after falling significantly in the first half of 2020; (2) the mechanical & electrical and the high‐tech industries have contributed significantly to the recovery of China's exports; (3) the exports of medical products, furniture and appliances show growth in line with the implementation of quarantine policies; (4) the exports of electronic products and electrical vehicles kept growing both before the outbreak and during the pandemic. It is posited that China should continue to expand trade with emerging markets while maintaining a steady trade volume with the developed economies. We also recommend that China focus its future export development on these industries and products that are growing steadily and have greater potential, including the mechanical & electrical industry, the high‐tech industry, electronic products and electrical vehicles.
Production of nanoporous alumina membranes modified with multi‐walled carbon nanotube, polyacrylamide and polystyrene and use in wastewater treatment
Authors: Baran Aydın Evrim , Ateş Sevgi , Yazıcı Birgül
Published: April 2022

In this study, the nanofiltration materials having high selectivity, high filtration and mechanical resistance have been developed for the removal of organic contaminants in wastewater. Al2O3‐NP membranes were modified with multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), polyacrylamide‐MWCNT (PA‐MWCNT) and polystyrene‐MWCNT (PS‐MWCNT) to provide better performance in the treatment of wastewater. The evaluation of the separation performance of the prepared membranes was carried out at 25°C using a vacuum filtration unit. Congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) dyes were selected as model pollutants. The results showed that the flux value was higher in the unmodified membrane, and the Al2O3‐NP membrane modified with MWCNT exhibited high removal efficiency among the modified membranes.
Precession shift in curvature based extended theories of gravity and quintessence fields
Authors: Capolupo A. , Lambiase G. , Tedesco A.
Published: April 2022

In this paper we constrain the sizes of hypothetical new weak forces by making use the data coming from the precession of Planets. We consider the weak field approximation of Scalar–Tensor Fourth Order Gravity (STFOG), which include several models of modified gravity. The form of the corrections to the Newtonian potential if of the form of Yukawa-like potential (5th force), i.e. $$V(r)=\alpha \frac{e^{-\beta r}}{r}$$

V

(
r
)

=
α

e

-
β
r

r

, where $$\alpha $$
α
is the parameter related to the strength of the potential, and $$\beta $$
β
to the range of the force. The present data on periastron advance allow to infer a constraint on the free parameter of the gravitational models. Moreover, the Non-commutative Spectral Gravity (NCSG) is also studied, being a particular case STFOG. Here we show that the precession shift of Planet allows to improve the bounds on parameter $$\beta $$
β
by several orders of magnitude. Finally such an analysis is studied to the case of power-like potential, referring in particular to deformation of the Schwarzschild geometry induced by a quintessence field, responsible of the present accelerated phase of the Universe.
Quantum tops at the LHC: from entanglement to Bell inequalities
Authors: Severi Claudio , Boschi Cristian Degli Esposti , Maltoni Fabio , Sioli Maximiliano
Published: April 2022

We present the prospects of detecting quantum entanglement and the violation of Bell inequalities in $$t\bar{t}$$

t

t

¯

events at the LHC. We introduce a unique set of observables suitable for both measurements, and then perform the corresponding analyses using simulated events in the dilepton final state, reconstructing up to the unfolded level. We find that entanglement can be established at better than $$5 \sigma $$

5
σ

both at threshold as well as at high $$p_T$$

p
T

already in the LHC Run 2 dataset. On the other hand, only very high-$$p_T$$

p
T

events are sensitive to a violation of Bell inequalities, making it significantly harder to observe experimentally. By employing a sensitive and robust observable, two different unfolding methods and independent statistical approaches, we conclude that, at variance with previous estimates, testing Bell inequalities will be challenging even in the high luminosity LHC run.
Creation of three dimensional octahedral tin oxide nanostructure produced by laser ablation in liquid
Authors: Nakayama Daichi , Koinkar Pankaj , Katayama Tetsuro , Furube Akihiro
Published: April 2022

The laser ablation in liquid is a simple, easy, and less hazardous method available to create nanoparticles without chemical additives. In this paper, nanosecond laser ablation was conducted in various aqueous solvents to create tin oxide (SnO[Formula: see text] nanoparticles from bulk SnO powder. After the laser ablation at 532 nm wavelength, the prepared samples were examined by UV–visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). UV–visible spectra showed that the significantly different absorption characteristics of nanoparticles are dependent on the original SnO amount in the solvent. The SEM observation clearly showed the creation of SnO2 nanoparticles of about 10–20 nm in size with irregular shapes, which were found to be secondary nanoparticles from the TEM images. Interestingly, a three-dimensional octahedral structure with a size of 220–300 nm having the surface made of aggregates of fine nanoparticles was confirmed by TEM analysis. From the EDS spectra, it was clarified that the octahedral agglomeration is made from tin and oxygen, and the electron diffraction image confirmed the formation of the SnO2 crystalline phase.
Synthesis and characterization of negative thermal expansion of the Zr2(WO4)(PO4)2 system
Authors: Murai Kei-Ichiro , Moriga Toshihiro , Takahashi Masaru , Koizumi Tetsuta , Inoue Norimasa
Published: April 2022

In this study, Ti- and Mo-substituted Zr2(WO[Formula: see text](PO[Formula: see text] were synthesized using a conventional solid-state reaction technique. Coefficients of thermal expansions for samples were calculated by the results from the in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction method. Doping with Ti[Formula: see text] reduces the voids occupied by the thermal vibration ellipsoid perpendicular to the bond axis. On the other hand, by doping Mo[Formula: see text], which has a smaller binding energy with oxygen atoms, thermal vibration in the direction of the bond axis is promoted. It is considered that the average linear thermal expansion coefficient became zero because the elliptical thermal vibration perpendicular to the coupling axis was suppressed by the synergistic effect of the co-doping of Ti and Mo.
Effect of different stacking orders of Ta2O5 and SiO2 films on the reflective properties of a blue distributed Bragg reflector
Authors: Weng Chien-Erh , Yang Cheng-Fu , Chen Yu-Ting
Published: April 2022

The Ta2O5 and SiO2 single-layer films were deposited on the glass substrates to measure their refractive properties under different optical wavelengths. After that, the Ta2O5 and SiO2 films were used as high and low refractive index materials to design the blue distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) with different periods. The approximate formula proposed by Sheppard was used to calculate the maximum reflectance ratio of the bi-layer SiO–Ta2O5 DBRs with two, four, six, and eight periods. The COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to simulate the reflective spectra of the SiO2–Ta2O5 DBRs with different stacking orders and periods by incorporating the refractive indexes of the Ta2O5 and SiO2 films at a wavelength of 550 nm. The SiO2–Ta2O5 DBRs with different periods were fabricated by depositing the Ta2O5 and SiO2 films on glass substrates, and their reflective properties were measured. We compared the measured reflective spectra of the fabricated SiO2–Ta2O5 DBRs with the simulated reflective spectra to show the effect of the different stacking orders.
Analog resistive-switching property of Ni/TiOx/W structure
Authors: Liu Chih-Yi , Liu Shih-Kun , Huang Chung-Chia , Lin Chao-Cheng , Lai Chun-Hung
Published: April 2022

A radio-frequency magnetron sputter was used to deposit a 60 nm TiO[Formula: see text] film on a W-coated Si substrate at room temperature. Subsequently, a 100 nm Ni film was deposited using a thermal evaporator to form a Ni/TiO[Formula: see text]/W structure. Numerous oxygen vacancies and defects were present in the TiO[Formula: see text] film. The current–voltage characteristics indicate that Schottky emission dominated the conduction mechanism of the Ni/TiO[Formula: see text]/W structure. Because of Schottky barrier modulation, analog resistive switching of the Ni/TiO[Formula: see text]/W structure can be performed using consecutive voltage sweepings or voltage pulses. Various pulse waveforms were used to demonstrate synaptic potentiation and depression.
Asymptotic stability of kink profile solitary wave solutions for generalized gardner equation with dissipative term
Authors: Zhang Weiguo , Wang Cheng-Wei , Yong Yan , Deng Sheng-er
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we study the asymptotic stability of the monotone decreasing kink profile solitary wave solutions of the generalized Gardner equation with dissipative term. Firstly, we obtain the estimation of the first-order and second-order derivatives for monotone decreasing kink profile solitary wave solutions, then by using anti-derivative strategy, with the help of prior estimate and Young inequality, we overcome the difficulties caused by two higher-order nonlinear terms of the equation in the estimation, and prove the asymptotic stability of monotone decreasing kink profile solitary wave solution in the sense of [Formula: see text] norm.
Opto-Magnetic and Morphological Properties of the Quaternary CZCr+2TS Semiconductor
Authors: Hussein Hussein M. , Mohammed Kahtan A. , Alsultany Forat H.
Published: April 2022

Recently, Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS) chalcogenide has been given extra attention in CZTS thin-film solar cells. In order to enhance the conversion efficiency of CZTS thin-film solar cells, the physical properties of CZTS semiconductor have been improved by incorporating Cr elements into the CZTS semiconductor using the solvothermal method. The experimental results showed that the Cr[Formula: see text] ion had stronger hybridization and are more effective on energy storage than Zn[Formula: see text] ion. XRD pattern revealed that the crystal structure of CCrTS compound has high crystallinity and low distortion. Raman analysis indicated the structural transition from kesterite CZTS to stannite CCrTS occurred in the multicomponent CZCrTS samples with Cr content ([Formula: see text]) in the range of 0.75–1. In addition, VSM and UV–Vis absorption spectrum showed the CCrTS compound had a new opto-magnetic property and exhibit a strong ferromagnetic ordering at room temperature. Where the magnetic energy resulted from incorporating Cr[Formula: see text] ion in the Cu2ZnSnS4has been stored and distributed in abroad absorption band in UV–vis ranges And Also, led to a decrease in the direct bandgap in the ranges of 1.54–1.25[Formula: see text]eV. FE-SEM showed that by replacing Cr[Formula: see text] ion with Zn[Formula: see text] ion, the particle size was decreased as a result of converting the applied strain from compressive strain to tensile strain in the CZCr[Formula: see text]TS resulting in decreasing the unit cell volume and the crystal size. This shows that incorporating Cr[Formula: see text] ions into CZTS compound may be well suitable for fabricating it as an absorber layer in CZTS thin-film solar cells.
Construction of Novel Hierarchical Honeycomb-Like Mn3O4 MnO2 Core-Shell Architecture with High Voltage for Advanced Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries
Authors: Gong Liangjun , Zhang Yibo , Li Zhihua
Published: April 2022

Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered as potential secondary battery technology for grid-scale energy storage system due to its reliable safety and low cost. However, limited cathode materials with superior rate capability and cyclic performance is still the main bottleneck restricting its further development. Herein, a hierarchical honeycomb-like Mn3O4@MnO2 core–shell architecture is proposed as the robust cathode material for ZIBs for the first time. The electrochemically active MnO2 and the honeycomb-like nanocomposite particles are beneficial to fast ion transport and storage, moreover, the encapsulated MnO2 shell can function as the buffer to suppress the volume expansion of the active material, ultimately enhancing the reaction kinetics and electrochemical performance of the Mn3O4@MnO2. Significantly, the Mn3O4@MnO2 nanocomposite delivers a high discharge capacity of 165 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 2 A g−1, which is almost two times as high as the pure Mn3O4 (87 mAh g−1). The capacity retention (76.3% after 600 cycles at 1 A g−1) is also superior to the Mn3O4 cathode (48.7%). Furthermore, the Zn//Mn3O4@MnO2 battery possesses a 1.83V-high open-circuit voltage. These ideal results suggest that the hierarchical honeycomb-like Mn3O4@MnO2 core–shell composite is a promising cathode material for high-performance aqueous ZIBs.
Existence of Dissolved Oxygen near Anode Catalyst in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers
Authors: Watanabe Konosuke , Wakuda Kohei , Wani Kodai , Araki Takuto , Nagasawa Kensaku , Mitsushima Shigenori
Published: April 2022

The anode mass transport loss is one of the issues to expand the practical application scope of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). However, there are few reports concerning the oxygen transport inside and near the anode catalyst layer (CL). Although especially near the anode CL, there are two transport mechanisms: gaseous oxygen and dissolved oxygen, there are no reports, as far as we could find, that experimentally examined the existence of dissolved oxygen in PEMWE. Herein, the bubble growth behavior near the anode catalyst was observed using a high-speed camera, and the bubble radius change was investigated. The radii of the bubbles continued to increase after they left the anode catalyst layer surface, and the existence of dissolved oxygen and the formation of an oxygen supersaturated region were confirmed. The existence of dissolved oxygen is an important factor in the future evaluation of anode mass transport loss in PEMWE and a good revelation for the future development of the anode porous structure to reduce the anode mass transport loss.
Synergistic Effect of Urea on Vitamin C Electro-Oxidation at NiOx/CoOx Binary Catalysts Supported on Graphene Nanosheets
Authors: El-Nowihy Ghada H. , El-Deab Mohamed S.
Published: April 2022

The electro-oxidation of ascorbate (AAO) in the presence of urea at NiOx/CoOx/GNs/GC electrode is investigated. Cyclic voltammetry measurements show that the peak current (Ip) of AAO at NiOx/CoOx/GNs/GC electrode is ten times that of GNs/GC electrode. This highlights the role of catalyst composition and order of deposition on the activity of AAO. Interestingly, blending ascorbate (AH− )with urea caused a significant promotion of AAO. Both theIpof AAO and the fuel utilization in the AH−/urea fuel blend solution are doubled when compared to those obtained at the same electrode in pure AH−solution (in addition to a favorable negative shift in the onset potential,Eonset= 150 mV). Urea molecules are believed to act as anchoring molecules for AH−molecules at the NiOx/CoOx/GNs/GC surface with a favorable geometry facilitating its oxidation (by two-electron transfer process) to dehydroascorbate (DHA). Four interaction geometries are proposed, and comparative DFT calculations are conducted, displaying the relative stability and dipole moments of AH−in such a way that facilitates its adsorption and oxidation. These findings demonstrate the crucial role of the catalysts tailoring together with the selection of a smart blending fuel with AH−.
Au/ZnS/ZnO Photoelectrochemical Sensor for Sensitive and Selective Cd2+ Detection
Authors: Tao Bairui , Li Jingli , Tian Pengbo , Wu Hao , Miao Fengjuan , Zang Yu , Chu Paul K.
Published: April 2022

Sensitive and selective detection of cadmium ions is important to pollution monitoring and human health. In this work, a photoelectrochemical sensor for Cd2+ composed of Au/ZnS/ZnO modified nickel foam is prepared hydrothermally and by reduction. The materials and electrochemical properties are characterized systematically. The Au/ZnS/ZnO electrode exhibits a linear relationship with Cd2+ concentrations in the range of 0.1 μM − 100 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9993 in conjunction with a high sensitivity of 158.3 μA mM−1 cm−2. The synergistic structure boasting detection of Cd2+ with high sensitivity and selectivity has broad application prospect in environmental science and pollution control.
Experimental Study on Reasonable Adsorption Time in Determination Coalbed Methane Content
Authors: Wang Qiao , Wang Zhaofeng , Yue Jiwei , Wang Liguo , Dong Jiaxin , Tan Ronghui
Published: April 2022

Accurate determination of coalbed methane (CBM) content is of great significance to coalmine methane prediction, methane extraction, and gas outburst prevention. The adsorption time affects the CBM content by affecting the Langmuir adsorption constants when using the indirect method to determine the CBM content. To determine the reasonable adsorption time, representative coal samples (anthracite, lean coal, and gas-fat coal) and different destruction types (soft coal and hard coal) were selected. The experimental methods used are mercury intrusion porosimetry test, N2 adsorption/desorption test, and methane isothermal adsorption test. The results show that the pore volume and the specific surface area obtained by the BJH method and BET model increase with increasing coal rank and destruction type. For anthracite soft and hard coal, lean soft coal, and gas-fat soft coal, the N2 adsorption/desorption hysteresis loop is not closed when the relative pressure is low, indicating the existence of ink-bottle pores in these coal samples. For all tested coal samples, the longer the adsorption time is, the larger of coal methane adsorption capacity, Langmuir constant

a

, and CBM content are. The Langmuir constant

b

decreased with increasing the adsorption time. Under the condition that the reliability of the measured value is 85%, the reasonable adsorption times of coal samples are 28 h for anthracite, 18 h for lean coal, and 9 h for gas-fat coal. This study has practical help to improve the determination of CBM content, the prediction of coal seam gas outburst, and the development of CBM.
Prevalence and Motives of Social Media Use among the Iranian Population
Authors: Chegeni Maryam , Nakhaee Nouzar , Shahrbabaki Mahin Eslami , Mangolian Shahrbabaki Parvin , Javadi Sara , Haghdoost AliAkbar
Published: April 2022

Background. Around the world, people are using social media (SM) for different purposes following a wide range of patterns. There is a paucity of studies addressing the issue in the Eastern Mediterranean region. In this population‐based study, the frequency and patterns of SM use in Iran were investigated. Materials and Methods. To explore the prevalence and motives of SM use, a sample of 1800 Iranian people aged 10–65 years old (53.5% female) were surveyed. Social media addiction (SMA) was assessed using the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. Results. The results revealed that 88.5% (n = 1593) of the participants were SM users, and the average time spent by them in SM was 4.0 ± 3.9 hours. The most common motivations for SM use were communication with others (48.9%), receiving news (40.7%), and surfing the net (40.6%). Besides, burning eyes (31.0%), headache (26.8%), and sleep disturbance (25.1%) were the most common health problems experienced by SM users. The SMA prevalence was 23.1% (95% CI: 21.2, 25.1) (males: 23.8%; females: 22.5%), with a higher rate (26.0%) among adolescents and young people. Conclusion. SM use and SMA appear to be real health challenges in Iran, particularly among youth. Consequently, to decrease the negative impacts of excessive SM use, exploring the motives behind SM use and designing population‐based interventions are recommended.
Sports App User Behavior Analysis: Participation Motivation, Satisfaction, and Loyalty
Authors: Qi Xin , Cheng Ye
Published: April 2022

With the development of information technology, high-speed transmission of electronic information resources, and explosive growth of information data, traditional data processing cannot meet the development of the times. With the arrival of the digital age, massive virtual numbers are deeply analyzed to turn the data into understandable information. As a product of the information age, sports app is widely used. With the increase of sports apps, the development of sports apps also has a bottleneck. In this paper, the survey data of sports app users are analyzed and processed by Excel 2016 and SPSS 23.0: (1) descriptive statistics of the research objects through technical statistical analysis; (2) testing the validity and credibility of the data through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis; (3) analysis of variance performed by independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan’s test; (4) analyzing the correlation between factors through correlation analysis; (5) analyzing the influence among factors through multiple regression analysis. The results show that, through variance analysis, sports app users have significant differences in demographic characteristics (

P
<
0.05

). Through correlation analysis, the participation motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty of sports app users are highly correlated (

P
<
0.01

). Through multiple regression analyses, the participation motivation, satisfaction, and loyalty of sports app users have a significant positive impact (

P
<
0.001

). The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical references for the related research and decision-making of sports apps.
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Aging as a Clinical Prospect
Authors: Montazersaheb Soheila , Ehsani Ali , Fathi Ezzatollah , Farahzadi Raheleh
Published: April 2022

There is a hot topic in stem cell research to investigate the process of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) aging characterized by decreased self-renewal ability, myeloid-biased differentiation, impaired homing, and other abnormalities related to hematopoietic repair function. It is of crucial importance that HSCs preserve self-renewal and differentiation ability to maintain hematopoiesis under homeostatic states over time. Although HSC numbers increase with age in both mice and humans, this cannot compensate for functional defects of aged HSCs. The underlying mechanisms regarding HSC aging have been studied from various perspectives, but the exact molecular events remain unclear. Several cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors contribute to HSC aging including DNA damage responses, reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered epigenetic profiling, polarity, metabolic alterations, impaired autophagy, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway, nuclear factor- (NF-) κB pathway, mTOR pathway, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) pathway, and wingless-related integration site (Wnt) pathway. To determine how deficient HSCs develop during aging, we provide an overview of different hallmarks, age-related signaling pathways, and epigenetic modifications in young and aged HSCs. Knowing how such changes occur and progress will help researchers to develop medications and promote the quality of life for the elderly and possibly alleviate age-associated hematopoietic disorders. The present review is aimed at discussing the latest advancements of HSC aging and the role of HSC-intrinsic factors and related events of a bone marrow niche during HSC aging.
Prescribed Performance Adaptive Control for a Nonlinear Aeroelastic System with Input Constraint
Authors: Gao Zijun , Zhang Junjie , Li Jiaqi , Song Zhankui
Published: April 2022

A constrained prescribed performance compensation controller is proposed for a nonlinear aeroelastic system in the presence of wind gust, system uncertainties, and input saturation. To deal with the effects of the nonsmooth saturation nonlinearity, an approximate saturation function is introduced into the controller design, which can smoothly approximate the real saturation with arbitrarily prescribed precision. Specifically, by designing the prescribed performance function, a fixed-time control framework is designed to ensure that the closed-loop system has the prescribed tracking performance. The designed control algorithm can not only compensate the adverse effect caused by disturbances and uncertainties but also restrain the excessive amplitude of control input. Finally, the stability analysis shows that all the signals in the closed-loop system are semiglobally uniformly ultimately bounded via the Lyapunov stability analysis method, and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Study and Application of Rock Breaking Mechanism of Concentrated Water Hydraulic Smooth Blasting in Broken Sand-Stone Geological Conditions
Authors: Wang Qingbiao , Zhang Xu , Gong Bin , Shi Zhenyue , Tian Yuanyuan , Wang Dong , Hu Zhongjing , Sun Weiliang , Li Zhonghui , Zhang Wenxi
Published: April 2022

The use of polyenergy water pressure controlled blasting technology in tunnel construction is gradually being promoted, and the technology is often used in hard rock, and the mechanism of rock breaking in fractured sandstone strata is still lacking systematic research. The above mechanism was investigated using a combination of field experiments and ANSYS/LS-DYNA numerical simulation, and the results showed the following: (1) In the case of joint-hole blasting, the concentrating jet formed by the concentrating tube can effectively achieve controlled directional blasting of fractured sandstone. (2) The use of gun clay to seal the hole can effectively improve the stability of the blasting effect, reduce the waste of explosive gas, and effectively extend the duration of action. (3) The water bag enhances the blasting effect through the water wedge effect in the broken surrounding rock and also has the function of energy storage, which can effectively improve the blasting effect when combined with the gun clay. (4) The rock-breaking mechanism of polyenergy hydropressure smooth blasting in fractured sandstone geological conditions is the dual rock-breaking action of “polyenergy jet + water wedge action.” (5) In this article, based on the analysis of blasting mechanism, the deployment method of polyenergy hydropressure smooth blasting is designed and has been well applied in engineering practice.
Comparison of Different Machine Learning Techniques to Predict Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: David Satish Kumar , Rafiullah Mohamed , Siddiqui Khalid
Published: April 2022

Background. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the complications of diabetes in patients, leads to progressive loss of kidney function. Timely intervention is known to improve outcomes. Therefore, screening patients to identify high-risk populations is important. Machine learning classification techniques can be applied to patient datasets to identify high-risk patients by building a predictive model. Objective. This study aims to identify a suitable classification technique for predicting DKD by applying different classification techniques to a DKD dataset and comparing their performance using WEKA machine learning software. Methods. The performance of nine different classification techniques was analyzed on a DKD dataset with 410 instances and 18 attributes. Data preprocessing was carried out using the PartitionMembershipFilter. A 10-fold cross validation was performed on the dataset. The performance was assessed on the basis of the execution time, accuracy, correctly and incorrectly classified instances, kappa statistics (K), mean absolute error, root mean squared error, and true values of the confusion matrix. Results. With an accuracy of 93.6585% and a higher K value (0.8731), IBK and random tree classification techniques were found to be the best performing techniques. Moreover, they also exhibited the lowest root mean squared error rate (0.2496). There were 15 false-positive instances and 11 false-negative instances with these prediction models. Conclusions. This study identified IBK and random tree classification techniques as the best performing classifiers and accurate prediction methods for DKD.
Research on Seepage Characteristics of Y-Shaped Fractures under Different Fracture Roughness
Authors: Tang Ruifeng , Xie Jing , Xue Shouning , Zhang Zhilong , Liu Junjun , Yang Bengao
Published: April 2022

Fractures are widely distributed in coal, and studying the seepage characteristics of fluids in fractures is of great significance for unconventional natural gas extraction and prevention of gas disasters. In this work, based on the W-M fractal function, a Y-shaped fracture model with different roughness is established. The seepage characteristics of Y-shaped fracture with different roughness are interpreted from two perspectives. Firstly, the seepage law of the Y-shaped fracture with the same roughness is studied. Secondly, the fluid competitive diversion capacity caused by the difference of branch fracture roughness is discussed. The results show that the fracture roughness is an important factor affecting the seepage characteristics of the fracture. When the roughness of the fracture is identical, the outlet flow rate, velocity, and Re are all positively correlated with pressure, and the flow regime is unchanged. The increase in the fracture roughness will lead to a significant flow rate and momentum loss, resulting in maximum loss up to 45.44%, besides, enhance the flow resistance of the fracture, Re increasing by 771, 713, 489, and 355, respectively, at four patterns. And there is a threshold DM between 1.1 and 1.2 so that the major influencing factor on hydraulic conductivity changes. In addition, the roughness difference between the branch fractures of the Y-shaped fracture is the key factor to control the fluid competitive diversion capacity. The larger the roughness difference, the greater difference in flow velocity, and the more significant change in flow rate proportion, which proportion differs by 4%, 44%, and 54%, respectively, and the stronger smooth branch fracture competitive diversion capacity, and the lower the rough branch fracture hydraulic conductivity. As the inlet pressure increases, the two branch fractures Re gradually increases but Eu decreases, which Eu in smooth branch fracture is smaller is 15, 19, 20, and 21 smaller than that of rough branch, respectively, and the rough branch fracture competitive diversion capacity is weakened. Both roughness difference and inlet pressure will affect the competitive diversion capacity of the Y-shaped fracture. These results are expected to provide new insights for the exploitation of underground fluid resources.
Mechanism and Energy Evolution Characteristics of Coal Burst in Mining Thick, Deep, and Large Inclined Coal Seams: A Case Study from a Chinese Coal Mine
Authors: Xue Chengchun , Cao Anye , Guo Wenhao , Liu Yaoqi , Wang Songwei , Dong Jingyuan , Gu Yu
Published: April 2022

Coal burst is a severe and dynamic hazard, and understanding its mechanism is crucial in preventing such incidents. Strong tremors during the working face mining in the stress anomaly zone of the pinch-out coal seam are frequent. Theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement methods are used to analyze the energy evolution law for mining at the working face and mechanism of coal burst. Mechanical models of the inclined and strike overhang structures are established, and the theoretical analysis of the strike and inclined energy distribution characteristics of the working face roof is carried out. The two key areas with a high overhang bending deformation energy accumulation are identified at the lower end and middle-upper part of the working face. The simulation results show that the energy accumulation area of the roof in the inclined coal seam has prominent asymmetric distribution characteristics. The roof energy accumulates in the lower end and middle-upper area of the working face. The floor energy accumulates in the lower end area of the working face, and the peak position of the overhead energy of the working face in the direction shifts toward the coal-wall side. Influenced by the local absence of the No. 8 coal seam, the vertical stress of the surrounding rock at the working face of the massive, inclined coal seam increased by 12.7%; the peak of roof energy at the working face inclination and strike increased by 46.2% and 32.2%; and the range of roof energy accumulation expanded. A deep directional hole blasting plan to prevent the phenomenon at the working face roof is developed, which effectively reduces the stress and energy level of the inclined hanging roof and avoids the occurrence of coal bursts in the abnormal stress area of the working face.
Acyclovir Combined with Naloxone in the Treatment of Viral Encephalitis: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhao Qing , Zhang Qifan
Published: April 2022

Background. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of acyclovir combined with naloxone in the treatment of patients with viral encephalitis (VE). Methods. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and WanFang Data were searched for relevant literature published between 2000 and 2021. Meta-analysis was performed using Stata16.0 software. The treatment group was treated with acyclovir combined with naloxone, and the control group was treated with acyclovir alone. Results. A total of 12 studies with 986 participants were included. Compared with the control group, the treatment group could not only significantly improve the treatment response rate (OR = 5.53, 95% CI: 3.50, 8.74; P ≤ 0.001), but also reduce the incidence of adverse reactions (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.38; P ≤ 0.001). In addition, the combined treatment significantly inhibited the levels of inflammatory factors and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in VE patients. The time for cerebrospinal fluid to return to normal (SMD = −2.73, 95% CI: −2.96, −2.51; P ≤ 0.001), as well as the disappearance time of meningeal irritation (SMD = −3.58, 95% CI: −4.96, −2.20; P ≤ 0.001), headache (SMD = −3.87, 95% CI: −5.84, −1.91; P ≤ 0.001), convulsion (SMD = −3.65, 95% CI: −4.56, −2.75; P < 0.001), tic (SMD = −4.083, 95% CI: −5.18, −2.98; P ≤ 0.001) and disturbance of consciousness (SMD = −4.96, 95% CI: −6.28, −3.63; P ≤ 0.001) in the treatment group were significantly shorter than those in the control group. Conclusion. A combination of acyclovir and naloxone can reduce the inflammatory response and shorter the time to symptom relief and disappearance, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Wireless Sensor Network Architecture Based on Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Al-Razgan Muna , Alfakih Taha
Published: April 2022

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are infrastructure-less and fully distributed systems of self-configurable and self-organized nodes that wish to share the IoT devices’ data over the air. WSN consists of heterogeneous/homogeneous sensors dispersed in a particular area to monitor phenomena, such as volcanoes, pressure, sound, temperature, and pollution, then transfer their data to a central location for analysis and decision-making. The deployment of WSNs is often used in difficult places, such as disaster areas, battlefields, conflict zones, and volcanic zones, which require efficient data collection. However, WSNs face many challenges, such as latency, multitasks, and data quality. This paper proposes an efficient solution for multiple data collection tasks exploiting mobile edge computing (MEC) technique-enabled WSN in war field and disaster areas. Firstly, we integrate WSN and MEC to produce a novel data collection framework (WSN). Secondly, we modelled the data collection process, including multiple sensors and tasks. Thirdly, determine the best way to deploy sensors in the targeted area (e.g., military areas, isolated areas, and areas infested with terrorists) to cover the whole destination area, based on set values for data quality. Finally, find an appropriate technique for routing by choosing the routing protocol to improve their capabilities performance and decrease the energy consumption to increase the life of the WSN. Furthermore, the security of WSN is one of the key parameters, especially in the routing protocol, since it is critical to ensure the security of transmitted data and how it is transmitted securely to mitigate the attacks. The framework which works as a simulation tool shows a good result and has been proven the efficient interaction between the MEC and WSN. We compare the results with traditional methods, which proved to outperform them.
Electricity generation from renewable energy based on abandoned wind fan
Authors: Markom Arni Munira , Hadri Muhammad Hakimi Aiman , Yazid Tuah Zayan Muhamad , Yusof Zakiah Mohd , Markom Marni Azira , Muhammad Ahmad Razif
Published: April 2022

In the 21st century, our world is facing difficult conditions for serious environmental pollution and the problem of energy shortage. An innovative idea has emerged to recycle wind energy from air conditioning condenser fans in outdoor buildings. Therefore, the main goal of this research is to develop renewable wind energy from the condenser fan of an air conditioner using Arduino as a microcontroller. This research moves towards a portable, low cost, environmentally friendly mini device that harnesses renewable energies with endless resources for future alternative power generation and reduces the burden of consumers' electricity bills.
A microcontroller based microfluidic biochip for calcium percentage detection in blood
Authors: Al-Sawwaff Zaid H. , Rashid Zahraa M. , Al-Okby Mohammed Faeik Ruzaij , Kandemirli Fatma
Published: April 2022

Apheresis is an essential step in clinical diagnostic. Searching for a safe and fast way was necessary to avoid wasting time and obtain the desired results efficiently. This research includes two stages: First, a microfluidic biochip with the properties of fast processing response, automation capability, and low-cost was designed having a tiny mesh-type channel that filters pure plasma from the blood components and a straight channel to deliver the pure plasma to a tank. Second, an automated system was designed to detect blood calcium levels using a microcontroller and a colors-detection sensor TCS3200-DB. The device is designed to take a 0.15 to 2.15 mg/dL, 10-160 µm blood sample, which is considered small compared to the samples taken for the blood apheresis process used in laboratories where a substantial quantity of pure plasma is obtained naturally. Pure plasma is mixed with calcium detectors R1 and R2 to get a violet-colored solution with a wavelength between 390 nm to 440 nm. The results of the proposed device were compared with the traditional methods used spectroscopy method using concentrations of 10 different blood samples, and the results proved that there is a slight error between the two processes.
Development of mini smart multipurpose vehicle for organic rice harvesting
Authors: Daoden Kanchana , Sringam Sureeporn , Nicrotha Supanat , Sornnen Thanawat
Published: April 2022

This research aimed to develop the mini smart multipurpose vehicle (MSMPv) innovative from the conventional agriculture tractor for three objectives. The novel automatic gear modified technique for the MSMPv is proposed, then an idea to enhance peripheral capability through a hitch system. The final purpose is to support the farmer's ability to follow organic agriculture regulations on the issue of contaminated tools and machinery, especially in the rules related to contamination of equipment or machines that cannot share with conventional agricultural production. The organic rice crop plot of Nong Bua Lamphu Province in Thailand has been set to the case study. Here, farmers faced problems; lack of labour, production under an organic system that does not permit chemicals, and limited harvesting. According to the existing technology, this research has developed a typical farm tractor used in the country by inventing a manual transmission engine to an automatic transmission and accessories such as remote control, GPS, camera, and sensors. Thus, the development of this organic rice harvesting prototype should be an approach that provides both the opportunity to raise the self-reliance concept and enhance the knowledge of the development of innovative tools for farmers simultaneously.
A novel optimization-based power quality enhancement using dynamic voltage restorer and distribution static compensator
Authors: Chiranjivi Madduluri , Swarnasri Katragadda
Published: April 2022

The power assurance for distinct purchaser in the nation must be guaranteed through electric power distribution (EPD) system, subsequently EPD must be reliable, and well facilitating with power quality (PQ) in distribution framework. It will be much significant to keep up with PQ in power distribution (PD) framework for service continuity. The PQ issue basically emerge in distribution framework are voltage swell, sag, harmonics, and disparities in power. In this manuscript, the PQ development in photovoltaic (PV) PD framework for IEEE 33 and 57 bus frameworks is deliberated as the aim. The improvement is satisfied with FACTS pay gadgets of dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) and distributed static compensator (DSTATCOM). The butterfly optimizer (BO) and gray wolf optimizer (GWO) framework is deliberated for suggested work that implies a switching gadget and it compares the yield signal of DSTATCOM and DVR. In this proposed system DVR is compensated with an advanced GWO and DSTATCOM with BO for optimal location of FACTS devices in IEEE 33 and 57 bus systems are discussed like in the conventional paper as 13th bus for IEEE 33 system & 30th bus for IEEE 57 system.