bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE TRANSITION TO THE LATIN ALPHABET IS A TIME REQUIREMENT
Authors:   Yessenov University, Abdykerimova Elmira , Turkmenbaev Asset ,   Yessenov University, Junebaev Asamat ,   Yessenov University
Published: July 2022

Abstract. Currently learning the Latin alphabet is a requirement of the time. To date, only twelve countries of the world use Cyrillic. Most other States use the Latin alphabet. As we all know, today eighty percent of the peoples of the world use Latin fonts. Seventy percent of scientific information is in Latin. China and Japan, with the world's leading economies using their hieroglyphs, have also begun to adapt to Latin letters. The Latin alphabet has two thousand five hundred years of history. The order of the new Kazakh alphabet is developed in accordance with the order of the English alphabet today. In the conditions of globalization, the Republic of Kazakhstan needs to study the Latin alphabet, take steps to writing, reading, so as not to stay away from the developed countries of the world and perfectly understand the language of technology, education and science. We can understand the language of the world by studying the Latin alphabet. The transition to the Latin alphabet is the way to integration with the Turkic and global world, the revival of national consciousness, the entry of the Kazakh language to the international level. He makes a great contribution to the promotion of the Kazakh people, to its growth in accordance with the requirements of the new time, to its comprehensive development in the future. Modernization of the Kazakh language at a new qualitative stage of the country's development fully meets the global demands for the use of global information and communication tools in language policy. More than seventy percent of the current information in the world is transmitted in Latin graphics, and the global IT sphere creates key tools for technical solutions and programming in Latin format. This article shows ways to prepare people for changes through a mobile application (telegram bot). Solutions to a number of problems in the process of switching to the Latin alphabet are also proposed. Keywords: Latin alphabet, mobile application, programming, Telegram application, bot, server, digital technologies.
Utilization of Mushroom as the Main Ingredient of Vegan Petis with Different Types of Flour
Authors: Muliadi Jason , Anugrahati Nuri Arum
Published: July 2022

Petis is a sauce food product that is generally made of shrimp and has a savory taste. The vegetarian and vegan trend has grown in the society with the rising public awareness for health problems. The usage of enoki, button, and straw mushrooms as the main ingredient of petis have not explored yet. The preliminary stage analysed the glutamic acid content of 3 different type of mushroom, which are enoki, button, and straw mushroom. Three different types of flour, which are tapioca, rice, and wheat flour with three different concentrations were tested in stage I of main research. The physical and chemical properties vegan and shrimp petis were compared in stage II of the main research. The result showed that button mushroom was the best mushroom used to make vegan petis with the highest glutamic acid content (2.55 ± 0.01%). The best formula for vegan petis was button mushroom with 3% of rice flour. Vegan petis met the requirement for ash content and salt content of SNI but fails to meet the moisture content and protein content requirements. The best vegan petis had a similar amino acid profile with shrimp petis. Therefore, it can be concluded that vegan petis was an alternative vegan seasoning for traditional Indonesian food.
Estimations of Parameters of Delay Differential Equation Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Armando Yoso , Saputra Kie Van Ivanky , Cahyadi Lina
Published: July 2022

In this paper, the numerical problem of estimating unknown parameters in systems of delay differential equations from complete data is treated. The numerical method, based on the genetic algorithm method with a fitness function to minimize the difference between the complete data and the numerical solution, is presented. The method is implemented in the framework of an epidemic model. Several models from epidemic applications such as SIR, SI, SIS and SIRS with time delay are treated. The genetic algorithm performs very well in estimating some parameters but is quite poor in estimating time delay parameter.
S100A2 and the Np63 Network, an overlooked pancreatic cancer drug target
Authors: Scarlett Christopher J
Published: July 2022

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease with an abysmal ~10% survival rate at 5-years. With 48,000 projected deaths in 2021 it is now the third most common cause of cancer death in the USA, and will be number two by 2030. In Australia (2020) there were 3,900 new cases and a staggering 3,300 deaths. Current therapies are palliative at best highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents targeting molecular phenotypes not responsive to current treatments. The highly heterogeneic and metastatic nature of PDAC presents a major challenge in therapeutic development. Recent integratomic studies have demonstrated that PDAC is composed of two major transcriptomic subtypes - classical (pancreatic) and squamous (or quasi-mesenchymal/basal-like), which are characterised by distinct mutational landscapes. The squamous subtype is associated with gene silencing of endoderm specification genes; metabolic reprogramming; and an extremely poor clinical outcome. The squamous subtype shows significant S100A2 upregulation, and its presence is associated with poor patient prognosis. This has been overlooked in the pancreatic cancer drug development pipeline and offers an unparalleled opportunity to specifically target biomarkers known to be upregulated in PDAC. Importantly, S100A2 is considered a validated PDAC biomarker. We have identified molecular mechanisms that contribute to these aggressive, metastatic subtypes, and are targetable with novel drugs.
Utilization Of Cilembu Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) As Prebiotic Functional Beverage
Authors: Natania Kam , Kumalasari Bella
Published: July 2022

Cilembu sweet potato is a native cultivar of sweet potatoes in Indonesia. After baking, Cilembu sweet potato was known to produce a sugar liquid similar to glucose syrup which can functioned as a prebiotic content, useful in supporting gut’s healthy microflora. In this research Cilembu were baked at three different baking temperatures (150ºC, 175ºC, 200ºC) with three different baking time (60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes) to induce the formation of the sugar syrup and were formulated as a novel prebiotic functional beverage. All formulation were analyzed for its prebiotic activity score and reducing sugar content. Baking induced change in the composition of Cilembu sweet potatoes which increased the inulin content (from 5.5% to 8.7%) and total reducing sugar from (1.7 to 3,1%) (w/w) of the baked Cilembu sweet potatoes.  The prebiotic activity score of the baked sweet potatoes were ranging from (0.587 to 0.866) with prebiotic index of (0.89 to 0.91). The Cilembu sweet potato functional beverage made with 35 g sweet potato and 35:65 milk to water ratio resulted in a functional beverage with nutritional composition of 1.35% protein, 0.09% fat, 0.59% ash, and 16.76% carbohydrate with moderate likeness and contained a prebiotic activity score of 1.334 ±0.037 and prebiotic index of 0.945.
Application of Genetic Algorithm in Numerous Scientific Fields
Authors: Garai Gautam
Published: July 2022

The genetic algorithm (GA) and its variants have been used in a wide variety of fields by the scientists efficiently for solving problems. From the pool of evolutionary algorithms, the GA is chosen by the researchers and has been popular as a useful and effective optimizer. It has several advantages and disadvantages. However, it provides solutions for various kinds of problems such as space research, economics, market study, geography, remote sensing, agriculture, data mining, cancer detection, and many more. This chapter discusses the utilization of the GA in some of these fields with a few experimental results such as data clustering, pattern identification and matching, and shape detection. The results are illustrated and explained with reasons for better understanding of the GA application in the scientific fields. Other than these, the GA in bioinformatics for biological sequence alignment is discussed with examples.
The Ignorance Norm and Paradoxical Assertions
Authors: Woodard Elise ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: July 2022

Can agents rationally inquire into things that they know? On my view, the answer is yes. Call this view the Compatibility Thesis. One challenge to this thesis is to explain why assertions like “I know that p, but I’m wondering whether p” sound odd, if not Moore-Paradoxical. In response to this challenge, I argue that we can reject one or both premises that give rise to it. First, we can deny that inquiry requires interrogative attitudes. Second, we can deny the ignorance norm, on which agents are not permitted to both know and have interrogative attitudes, such as wondering. I argue that there are compelling reasons to deny the former and reasons to question the latter. Both options pave the way for further work on further inquiry.
BOOK SYMPOSIUM ON ERNEST SOSA’S EPISTEMIC EXPLANATIONS
Authors: Neta Ram ,   University of Arkansas Press
Published: July 2022

Ernest Sosa’s new monograph, Epistemic Explanations, develops an important new account of epistemic evaluation, epistemic normativity, and the explanatory role of these. The first two sections of the present paper develop an interpretation of Sosa’s metaphysics of the mental states of rational agents as a version of hylomorphism (a view according to which such states can be understood as composed of matter and form). The second half of the paper uses this hylomorphic view to argue that Sosa can account for differences among the various kinds of knowledge by appeal to nothing more than differences among the belief-like attitudes involved in those kinds of knowledge. My argument for this last claim will also challenge Sosa’s own argument for two of the book’s most heterodox epistemological claims, viz., that knowledge can be recognizably insecure, and that knowledge can be based on mere assumptions.
Avaliação da simulação em parada cardiorrespiratória durante o debriefing entre estudantes de enfermagem na pandemia
Authors: Kilson Karen da Silva , Cruz Luiza Helena de Oliveira Salvi da , Góes Fernanda Bezerra , Lemos Maithê de Carvalho Goulart , Pereira-Ávila Fernanda Maria Vieira
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: avaliar a simulação em parada cardiorrespiratória durante o debriefing entre estudantes de enfermagem na pandemia da COVID-19. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa realizado entre 22 estudantes de enfermagem em duas etapas: simulação clínica em parada cardiorrespiratória e debriefing associado à simulação. O corpus textual decorrente dos diálogos foi submetido à análise lexicográfica, com auxílio do software “IRAMUTEQ”.  Resultados: a maioria dos estudantes nunca havia participado de cenários de simulação clínica no decorrer da graduação. Mediante o debriefing, identificaram-se aspectos facilitadores como a voz do manequim e o realismo da simulação. Como dificultadores, os estudantes atribuíram o nervosismo e a falta de conhecimento no atendimento em parada cardiorrespiratória. Conclusão: na avaliação da simulação durante o debriefing verificou-se a importância desta estratégia de ensino prático para formação acadêmica, impactando positivamente no processo de ensino-aprendizagem do estudante de enfermagem, sobretudo na pandemia da COVID-19.
Technological development and universal basic income: From utopia to reality
Authors: Miladinović Slobodan
Published: July 2022

This paper analyzes the idea of universal basic income, which implies a periodic monetary payment received by all members of the society, with no prerequisites. Most former viewpoints contained numerous utopian elements. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to point to the reality of this idea and answer the question whether it is yet another in a series of utopias, or there are actual foundations for its realization today. Modern technological development opens the space for increasing production by excluding human labour from it and by increasing profits of production organizers, whereas an increasing number of workers face temporary periods of unemployment during their working lives. All of the above make the idea of universal mandatory income up-to-date. The text explains the attitude that technological development, through mechanisms of profit redistribution, opens the space for this idea to overgrow its utopian character and become reality. The prerequisite is that the surplus of wealth that goes to production organizers should be redirected to the rest of the population.
MAG welding of eleectrical steel and structural steel
Authors: Mitić Dragan , Milčić Dragan , Milčić Miodrag , Radović Nenad
Published: July 2022

Electrical (high silicon) steels are specifically developed steels for which the principle selection principle was based on physical properties, rather than mechanical properties. Four different MAG welded joints (S355/electrical steel with 1.78 and 2.94%Si) were tested. Best result was obtained for joint 4. Furthermore, in order to decrease difference in hardness between weld metal and base metals, a change of filler material is suggested. Also, in order to reduce overlap, a smaller diameter of wire is recommended. Finally, these joints are yet to be tested on eddy current and magnetic permeability, because they affect efficiency.
Velocity Measurements around a Cavitating Tip Vortex on a 3-D Hydrofoil using Laser Doppler Velocimetry
Authors: Kimball R. W. , Sura D. , Hamess M.
Published: July 2022

A stationary 3-D free tip hydrofoil was constructed and tested in a water tunnel at the Marine Hydrodynamics Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The foil had moderate skew and was designed to produce a tip vortex like that typically seen on a modem free tip propeller blade. At the fixed loading condition, studies on the foil and its tip vortex were collected at ca vita ting and non-cavitating conditions. Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV) was used to collect the tip vortex velocity profiles at various axial positions at both non-cavitating and cavitating conditions. Also using the LDV system, closed contour velocity profiles were taken at various spanwise positions and used to measure the span loading distribution. Tip vortex circulation growth and core radius growth as a function of streamwise position were extracted from the tip vortex velocity profiles. growth and core radius growth as a function of streamwise position were extracted from the tip vortex velocity profiles. Pictures were taken of the cavitating vortex as well as foil sheet cavities at inception to document cavitation observations.
Advantages of Running Model Tank Tests with the Client Present
Authors: Ward Lawrence W.
Published: July 2022

During April 1998, tests were run in the Webb Model Basin on a 1/12 scale model of a fast trawler type motorboat designed by Bruce King for Pacific Seacraft. The tests involved measurements of resistance, heave and trim at the design displacement and two others over a range of speeds of the hull and CG as designed. The test matrix was planned to take one test day (approximately 40 runs). The client (designer) was to be present.

The model scale was 12. The design speed was in the neighborhood of 25 knots and the design displacement 25000 pounds, putting the craft definitely in the planning hull range. The craft lines are given in Figure 3 and show a moderate Vee bow with a chine and flat run in the stern.

The model, as designed, was tested in the morning at the design displacement and center of gravity over a speed range of 12 to 30 knots. The results are shown in Figure 1 (solid lines with symbols) and the data is given in Table 1. It was apparent, visually and in looking at the data, especially the trim that was almost 7 degrees in the planing range over 18 knots, that the craft needed some redesign.

Also, the resistance was correspondingly somewhat excessive, over 12 percent of the weight. We needed to get the trim down to 5 degrees, known to be ideal for planning conditions. Rather than continuing the test series at the other displacements, the team, including the designer, broke for an early lunch to discuss the situation.

Normally, there would ensue a test report prepared and mailed showing the trouble, the model returned for changes, and another test day planned to hopefully complete the study*. But, we were all together, including the designer, and had lots of waterproof tapes, modeling clay, and strips of sheet aluminum available to adjust the stern lines. So, we went to the tank and back to work!
Measuring Wave Resistance of High-Speed Multi-Hull Ship with Small Towing Tank
Authors: Peng H. , Qiu W. , Hsiung C. C.
Published: July 2022

This paper presents the measured resistance of a trimaran model at the small towing tank at Dalhousie University, Canada. The towing tank has the dimensions of 30m x 1m x 1m. Experiments were carried out for a trimaran with various configurations of outrigger setbacks and hull spacings. Model test results were compared with numerical solutions based on the thin-ship theory and tent functions. They agree well except at high speeds. It was observed that water shipping on the deck during model tests at high speeds. This may cause the measured resistances greater than the theoretically predicted values.
Dionisia García: Mientras dure la luz
Authors: Martínez Violeta Nicolás
Published: July 2022

Reseña de la obra Mientras dure la luz de Dionisia García, Ed. Renacimiento, 2021, 100 pp.
Soy del 2 de abril. Representaciones del excombatiente en la posguerra a través de canciones de rock argentino (1994-1995)
Authors: Barrena Fernando Raúl , Cisilino Juan Manuel
Published: July 2022

Malvinas es una presencia persistente en múltiples manifestaciones de la cultura argentina. En el presente artículo nos proponemos analizar representaciones configuradas en las canciones de rock argentino acerca de la figura del excombatiente de la Guerra de Malvinas durante un período particular de la posguerra. Para ello trabajamos con un sucinto corpus de producciones editadas a mediados de los años noventa (1994-1995), cuando Malvinas reapareció en las letras luego de años de ausencia. A través de una estrategia metodológica de tipo cualitativa, indagamos motivos recurrentes en la construcción de la imagen del excombatiente. Asimismo, exploramos vínculos con el contexto social de producción y con las conceptualizaciones que se han hecho sobre el periodo de la posguerra.
La forma exacta de las islas de Daniel Casabé y Edgardo Dieleke (2012): retornos no eternos a un cuerpo-territorio
Authors: Perera Verónica
Published: July 2022

La forma exacta de las islas dirigida por Daniel Casabé y Edgardo Dieleke (2012), co-escrita y protagonizada por Julieta Vitullo, documenta dos viajes a las Islas Malvinas en 2006 y 2010 desde una clave vital femenina. En tanto vehículo de memorias traumáticas y de duelos íntimos y públicos a la vez, el artículo sugiere que la película retoma un modo de pensar “Malvinas” centrado en el cuerpo—individual y colectivo—que León Rozitchner inauguró en 1982, y reflexiona sobre las islas del presente desde aquello que Verónica Gago (2019) entiende como la clave vital de un cuerpo-territorio.
Audaz Teatro de guerra, de Lola Arias. Performatividad del testimonio como proceso de duelo
Authors: Peinador Minerva
Published: July 2022

Teatro de guerra (2018), largometraje basado en los testimonios de seis veteranos sobrevivientes a la guerra de Malvinas de ambos bandos, argentino y británico, es el film debut de la dramaturga argentina Lola Arias. En este artículo analizamos esta película que oscila entre el género documental y el dramático, entre el testimonio y su reelaboración performativa, desde la perspectiva transdisciplinar de los estudios de memoria. Veremos cómo el tratamiento del testimonio y el empleo de determinados recursos narrativos y escénicos contribuyen a la elaboración del duelo por las traumáticas pérdidas de la guerra, así como a la constitución de la propia identidad, individual como colectiva, desde una performatividad que parte del cuerpo, la voluntad de diálogo y, ante todo, la humanidad como universal de potencial conciliador.
La guerra boca arriba. Acerca de Ovejas de Sebastián Ávila
Authors: Kohan Martín
Published: July 2022

Reflexión para el debate sobre la guerra de Malvinas motivada a partir de la lectura de Ovejas de Sebastián Ávila (Buenos Aires, Premio Futuröck, 2021).
¿Por qué me interpela la idea de infocracia de Byung-Chul Han?
Authors:   Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, López-Borrull Alexandre
Published: July 2022

Antes de hacer el listado de libros que no tendré tiempo de leer durante las vacaciones, tenía pendiente echar un buen vistazo a Infocracia: la digitalización y la crisis de la democracia, el reciente libro de Byung-Chul Han. Ciertamente, estos libros que son una compilación de breves artículos/capítulos a veces tratan los temas con poca profundidad, pero en cambio permiten transmitir una idea destacada en cada una de las piezas. El filósofo coreano describe y se muestra crítico con algunos aspectos de la sociedad, a los que llama infocracia.
How to Design Track Access Charges for Small Railways – A Montenegro Case Study
Authors: BOŠKOVIĆ Branislav , BUGARINOVIĆ Mirjana , BOJOVIĆ Nebojša
Published: July 2022

In 1991, the European Union decided on setting up a liberalized and single railway market. However, in the atomized European region, more than a half of railways can be designated as small railways. For the very reason of significant differences between the national railway systems, the EU legislation has laid broad grounds for track access charge (TAC) modelling, thus resulting in many different TAC models. Out of numerous papers in respect of TAC modelling, only a small number consider the specificities and the needs of small railways. The paper aims to answer the questions of how to design or set up an efficient TAC structure when it comes to small countries. Another objective is to answer how to develop a TAC structure allowing the infrastructure manager to manage its costs. The answers to these questions are provided through the case study of railway in Montenegro – small railways in the Western Balkans. The main contribution of this paper is on developing the TAC model based on the efficient ratio of the capacity and infrastructure wear and tear components.
Mapping odorant sensitivities reveals a sparse but structured representation of olfactory chemical space by sensory input to the mouse olfactory bulb
Authors: Burton Shawn D , Brown Audrey , Eiting Thomas P , Youngstrom Isaac A , Rust Thomas C , Schmuker Michael , Wachowiak Matt
Published: July 2022

In olfactory systems, convergence of sensory neurons onto glomeruli generates a map of odorant receptor identity. How glomerular maps relate to sensory space remains unclear. We sought to better characterize this relationship in the mouse olfactory system by defining glomeruli in terms of the odorants to which they are most sensitive. Using high-throughput odorant delivery and ultrasensitive imaging of sensory inputs, we imaged responses to 185 odorants presented at concentrations determined to activate only one or a few glomeruli across the dorsal olfactory bulb. The resulting datasets defined the tuning properties of glomeruli - and, by inference, their cognate odorant receptors - in a low-concentration regime, and yielded consensus maps of glomerular sensitivity across a wide range of chemical space. Glomeruli were extremely narrowly tuned, with ~25% responding to only one odorant, and extremely sensitive, responding to their effective odorants at sub-picomolar to nanomolar concentrations. Such narrow tuning in this concentration regime allowed for reliable functional identification of many glomeruli based on a single diagnostic odorant. At the same time, the response spectra of glomeruli responding to multiple odorants was best predicted by straightforward odorant structural features, and glomeruli sensitive to distinct odorants with common structural features were spatially clustered. These results define an underlying structure to the primary representation of sensory space by the mouse olfactory system.
Introduction
Authors: Aspaas Per Pippin
Published: July 2022

The thirteenth volume in the series presents all articles on the aurora borealis that were published in the journal of the Swedish Societas Literaria / Societas Regia Literaria et Scientiarum (now Kungl. Vetenskaps-Societeten i Uppsala) from 1720 to 1729. The articles are by the adjunct/professor of astronomy in Uppsala, Erik Johan (Ericus Johannes) Burman; the professor of mathematics in Lund, Conrad (Conradus) Quensel; and the adjunct/professor of astronomy in Uppsala Anders (Andreas) Celsius. E. J. Burman developed a theory of two kinds of aurora borealis and inspired other investigators across Sweden to observe the phenomenon according to his instructions.
The introduction, written by Latinist and historian of science Per Pippin Aspaas, consists of a short history of the society in the period including brief presentations of Burman, Quensel and Celsius. Furthermore, Aspaas summarizes the contents of all articles dealing with the aurora and presents extracts in English translation.
First published in July 2022. In March 2023, an updated version with fulltext searchable facsimiles was published. Some insignificant typos were corrected and acknowledgements added to the Introduction.
Women Political Representation and International Compliance Against Human Trafficking
Authors: Bartilow Horace A
Published: July 2022

Recent years have witnessed the emergence of an international regime to combat human trafficking. Little, however, is understood about the determinants of states' compliance with international agreements against human trafficking. The compliance literature does not directly speak to
this issue but offers generalized theoretical explanations of states' compliance that feature the importance of hegemonic power, international institutions, and domestic political processes. This study considers the effects of women representation on states' compliance with international law
against human trafficking by estimating data for 146 countries using fixed effects and three-stage-least-square estimators that address issues of endogeneity. After controlling for alternate theoretical explanations, the finding suggests that while increases in the percent of women legislators
and cabinet ministers are positively associated with states' compliance with anti-human trafficking rules, the opposite is true regarding their male counterparts. However, increases in the percent of men legislators are positively associated with states' compliance only when women's parliamentary
caucuses are present in countries' legislative deliberations and when such deliberations are influenced by the women's movement.
Conflict-related Sexual Violence in Kenya: A Case Study
Authors: Penachioni Júlia Battistuzzi
Published: July 2022

The 2007 general elections in Kenya were followed by a period of organized and spontaneous violence. According to the International Criminal Court, crimes against humanity such as murder, deportation or forcible transfer of population, persecution, rape, and other inhumane acts took
place in the country. Widespread conflict-related sexual violence reached high levels during the conflict, in both topdown and bottom-up dynamics. This article analyzes the forms of post-electoral violence and the notion of sexual violence as political violence; an 'organizational policy',
as suggested by the ICC, or as a practice that is 'tolerated'. It further investigates transitional justice mechanisms applied in the country after the episode, including the work of the Truth, Justice and Reconciliation Commission and the ICC's prosecution strategy. Finally, it discusses
the impact of such transitional justice measures regarding conflict-related sexual violence, not only concerning victims and witnesses, but the entire Kenyan society.
Towards smart sustainable cities using Li-Fi technology: geo-location infrastructure utilizing LED street lights
Authors: Albraheem Lamya , Alhudaithy Lamia , Aljaser Afnan , AlDhafian Muneerah , Bahliwah Ghada
Published: July 2022

Background

Cities are shifting toward providing more efficient services and the Internet of Things (IoT) becoming the future of things. The shift toward using eco-friendlier LED lights in lighting cities is another genuine game-changer in the future of Light Fidelity technology (Li-Fi). Li-Fi is a visible light communication (VLC) technology that uses Light Emitting Diodes (LED) bulbs for communication. The utilisation of thousands of light sources around a city acting as wireless access points and delivering location-based content will shift cities towards being smart sustainable cities. Recently, this technology got huge attention from the research community and different research has been conducted to improve this filed. However, there is a noticeable need to develop real-world systems that utilise Li-Fi technology.

Methods

This article aims to contribute to developing a Geo-Li-Fi system that uses LED lights to provide the services for collecting contextual data and delivering location-based services (LBS) in different areas of the city. The system is described along with details of its design, implementation and development. Moreover, the overall set-up of the testbed that used to evaluate the proposed system is presented. In addition, an experiment is conducted using a real-world scenario to test the functionality of the system and report the outputs.

Results

The effect of the system is discussed according to different aspects of sustainability which include economic, social and environmental aspects. The system was tested in indoor and outdoor environments, and it can be seen that the sunlight does not affect the ability of LEDs to deliver the content during the daytime. Regarding the transmission range of the LED lamp, it can be seen that it is affected by different factors. It depends mainly on the power of lamp, so it will be increased significantly when the power of LED is increased. Also, an increase in the beam angle will result in wider coverage area which affected by the intensity.
Identification and validation of immune related core transcription factors GTF2I in NAFLD
Authors: Zhang Minbo , Zhang Yu , Jiao Xiaoxiao , Lai Linying , Qian Yiting , Sun Bo , Yang Wenzhuo
Published: July 2022

Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease worldwide that endangers human health. Transcription factors (TFs) have gradually become hot spots for drug development in NAFLD for their impacts on metabolism. However, the specific TFs that regulate immune response in the development of NAFLD is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the TFs involved in the immune response of NAFLD and provide novel targets for drug development.

Methods

Microarray data were obtained from liver samples from 26 normal volunteers and 109 NAFLD patients using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed by limma package. Differentially expressed transcription factors (DETFs) were obtained on DEGs combined with Cistrome Cancer database. Immune signatures and pathways hallmark were identified by ssGSSEA and GSVA. The co-regulation network was constructed by the above results. Further, quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR), Western blot (WB) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to validate the relationship between GTF2I and NAFLD. CIBERSORT analysis was performed to identify cell types to explore the relationship between differential expression of GTF2I and immune cell surface markers.

Results

A total of 617 DEGs and six DETFs (ESR1, CHD2, GTF2I, EGR1, HCFC1, SP2) were obtained by differential analysis. Immune signatures and pathway hallmarks were identified by ssGSSEA and GSVA. GTF2I and CHD2 were screened through the co-regulatory networks of DEGs, DETFs, immune signatures and pathway hallmarks. Furthermore, qRT-PCR, WB and IHC indicated that GTF2I but not CHD2 was significantly upregulated in NAFLD. Finally, in silico, our data confirmed that GTF2I has a wide impact on the immune profile by negatively regulating the expression of the chemokine receptor family (227/261, count of significance).

Conclusion

GTF2I plays a role in NAFLD by negatively regulating the chemokine receptor family, which affects the immune profile. This study may provide a potential target for the diagnosis or therapy of NAFLD.
Comparison of Six Immunoassays for Assaying Levels of Immunoglobulin G against the Nucleocapsid and Spike Proteins of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Suda Itsumi , Kimura Takao , Niwa Takahiko , Tsunekawa Katsuhiko , Araki Osamu , Yanagisawa Kunio , Tokue Yutaka , Murakami Masami
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Assay kits for detection of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) against the nucleocapsid protein (anti-nucleocapsid IgG) and spike proteins (anti-spike IgG) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were commercially provided by several manufacturers. These assay kits should be verified by measuring the same sample. Aim: To compare the diagnostic value of three Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) kits in evaluating six immunoassays developed by three manufacturers (Abbott, Euglena, and Roche) to detect anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike IgG. Materials and Methods: Present study was an observational cross-sectional study conducted from June 2020 to December 2020. Antibody titers for anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike IgG among 429 Healthcare Workers (HCWs) in a Tone Central Hospital, Japan where a nosocomial infection of the COVID19 occurred were measured by six immunoassays with kits developed by three different manufacturers. The sensitivity and specificity of each kit was compared to real-time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: Six of the HCWs tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 via RT-qPCR, and the rest tested negative. The severity of COVID19 among these six HCWs ranged from mild to moderate. The sensitivity and specificity values against RT-qPCR were, 100% and 99.5% for Abbott, 83.3% and 100% for Euglena, and 100% and 100% for Roche when using the nucleocapsid protein assay and 100% and 99.8% for Abbott, 100% and 100% for Euglena, and 100% and 100% for Roche when using the spike protein assay kit. Conclusion: The commercial kits provided by three manufacturers reflected the immune status of individuals. There were no major differences in the performance of these test kits. Discordant results with the antibody titer for anti-nucleocapsid IgG and anti-spike IgG were detected by using assay kits provided by Abbott and Euglena. To evaluate the past history of COVID-19, it should be noted that the single measurement of anit-nucleocapsid IgG or anti-spike IgG could not exclude false negative or positives.
Farmer’s Awareness and Use of Different ICT Tools
Authors: Bansal Vishakha , Das Lipi , Joshi Vandana , Meena Subhash Chandra
Published: July 2022

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) are a broad range of technological tools and resources to create, stockpile, produce value and manage information. Radio and television broadcasting, computer hardware, software services, and electronic media could all be included. ICTs have seen significant changes in recent years and are developing as a significant tool for speeding agricultural growth in a developing country like India. The objective of study was to know awareness and use of different ICT tools by farmers. The study was conducted in village Gudli of Mavli block of Udaipur district of Rajasthan. The information was collected through Participatory Rural Appraisal using interview technique by group and individual contact method. Each farmer was critically interviewed about awareness & use of ICT tools including e-mail, radio, kiosk, computer, mobile etc. For this, the data was collected from 100 farmers. Result revealed that 100 per cent respondents having mobile without internet, were aware about calling from mobile, SMS and memory stick, and were also using them (calling, 82%) (SMS service 68 %). It was observed that 82 per cent respondents answered to all calls. Majority of the respondents (48-88%) were not using e-mail, radio, kiosk & computer. About one third of the respondents i.e. 36-48 per cent knew about accessing different internet sites, office documents & presentations. This is an ICT era, but till today, half of the farming community are suffering from various types of problems due to the gap between ICT and its use without need assessment and participation of farming community although farmers are using mobile phone for calling, gathering and exchange of information, entertainment etc. Now a day it has been observed that farmers are using different ICT tools i.e. mobile, kiosk etc. for gathering information about their crop production, daily wholesale rates in mandi market, information about climate, various crop diseases and other information related to agriculture.
Antibiotics Resistance in the Food Chain: Implications on Public Health
Authors: Cudjoe Miller, Marian
Published: July 2022

Antibiotic resistance is a global problem that threatens the health of humans and animals alike. Aiming to influence public health policies and practices toward antibiotic resistance control, this review study investigates antibiotic resistance microorganisms and associated antibiotic resistance genes. To examine antibiotics resistance in the food chain, researchers conducted a systematic review of online research journals and other relevant materials. Public health consequences of antibiotics resistance were examined in the study results. 2007 saw the publication of work done by Blasco and others on biological approaches. Bio-analytical testing methods for detecting antibiotic residues in food are described in this article. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and the transfer of antibiotic resistance factors from agricultural soils might infect manure or other polluted sources, introducing pathogenic bacteria into the soil. For the eradication of food-borne diseases, this study's findings suggest that a close examination of the food chain for carbapenem-resistant bacteria and other nonhuman sources, as well as any linkages with people (such as animal owners, farmers and veterinarians), will be helpful.
Hardening Watering Interval of East African Greenheart (Warburgia ugandensis), Nursery Seedlings in East Mau Watershed, Njoro, Kenya
Authors: Inoti Shadrack Kinyua , Makanji Dickson Lubanga
Published: July 2022

Water has been a scarce resource in agricultural areas and is essential in the establishment of nursery seedlings. This requires the effective and efficient use by farmers of this important resource. Hardening nursery seedlings through the reduction of watering regimes is necessary before transplanting seedlings to the field. This leads to better survival but when the interval of watering is not well established, and this might affect species and locality. An experiment was set up during the dry season just before planting out to determine the best hardening watering interval for East African greenheart (Warburgia ugandensis) seedlings in Egerton University, East Mau watershed, Njoro, in Kenya. The experiment was laid down as a Completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments replicated 3 times. Treatments constituted of different watering intervals, which were: twice daily, once daily, 2 days, 4 days and 6 days. These treatments were applied for 60 days on 270 days old seedlings from January to March 2018. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine treatment differences while DMRT determined the significantly different treatment means at p ≤ 0.05. The results revealed that the best growth was shown by twice daily, once daily, 2 days and 4 days intervals for shoot biomass, total plant biomass and total leaf area. However, the recommended watering interval is 4 days since it showed good growth for most of the variables with minimal water use equivalent to 12.5% of the water used by seedling watered twice daily which saves 87.5% of the water applied.  The results are applicable in the Kenyan highlands for Warburgia and other leafy succulent plants. However further studies needs to be done for other non-succulent species using different pot sizes and soil mixtures.
Wildlife Forensics: A Case Study on Golden Jackal Canis aureus in India Using Canid Head and Tailor-Made Musk Pod
Authors: Nadarajan Abinaya , Rangasamy Kanchana , Jana Debasis
Published: July 2022

The escalating trend of illegal trade on wildlife and wildlife products is a serious threat to existence of wildlife globally. Effective enforcement of laws to contain this requires accurate identification of the seizures which is often difficult due to fake lookalike articles. The articles thus pose challenging complexity and necessitate the usage of different approaches in identifying the species. Species identification by the use of molecular technology is widely recognized to be a definitive method. In this report, we describe the identification of seized canid head, suspected to be of jackal and a pod suspected to be of musk deer using the DNA-based approach. The mitochondrial regions of the query samples were amplified using ribosomal markers, 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA. The sequence reads were compared with the homologous hits extracted from the NCBI database. The phylogenetic analysis was carried out with the aligned sequences to identify species with 500 bootstrap replications. Based on the genetic analysis of both the seizures, the tested samples were identified to be belonging to the species ‘Golden Jackal’.
Grewia tenax for Sustainable Agroforestry Farming in Saline Soils of Khartoum State of Sudan
Authors: Abdalla Nasre Aldin Mustafa , ElMukhtar Ballal Mohamed , Ahmed Mutwali Nuha
Published: July 2022

Intercropping of cow pea (Vigna unguiculata) with multipurpose tree in terms of Grewia tenax was carried out under saline soils in south of Khartoum State in Sudan. The objectives were to investigate the performance of Grewia tenax trees under sub-irrigation regime in saline soils as well as to find out most agro forestry system suitable for saline soil. The experiment was carried out during period of March to November 2017 in terms of completely randomized block design with 3 replicates. The treatments were Grewia tenax tree that fixed at spacing of 4x4 m versus cow pea crop which sown at one and 1.5 m apart from the Grewia tenax tree trunk at 25 cm and 50 cm as inter and intra rows spacings besides sole Grewia tenax tree and cow pea crop as controls. Soil samples were taken at depths of 0-10 cm, 10-30 cm, 30-60 cm and 60-100 cm from soil profile of 1x1 m and 1.5 m depth and its chemical and physical properties were analyzed.

Grewia tenax trees parameters were measured in terms of tree height, tree collar diameter and tree crown diameter. While cow pea crop parameters were determined in terms of straw weight and crop yield per hectare as well as land equivalent ratio. The data revealed that; soil chemical properties for pH, EC ds/m, CaCo3, SAR and ESP were increased with increasing soil depths , while other chemical properties in terms of Nitrogen content , Organic carbon and C/N ratio did not differ with respect to soil layers. Meanwhile the total average Grewia tenax tree growth means in terms of tree height, tree collar diameter and tree crown diameter were higher under intercropping than in sole trees, similarly for cow pea crop straw weight. Cow pea yield did not differ between the intercropped plots and the control. Partial LER was higher under straw weight than for yield and the total LER was advantageous particularly under GS1 which indicates the superiority of intercropping than mono-cropping in this saline soil.
Influence of Nutrient Management Practices on Growth, Flowering and Yield Attributes of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Authors: Sahu Priyanka , Tripathy P. , Sahu G. S. , Dash S. K. , Pattnayak S. K. , Sarkar S. , Nayak R. K. , Nayak N. J. , Mishra S.
Published: July 2022

Field experiments were conducted at AICRP on Vegetable Crops, operating under Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India during summer season of 2017 and 2018 to find out the impact of various nutrient management practices on growth, yield attributes and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Twelve nutrient management practices such as, T1 (Absolute Control), T2 (RDF through Fertilizer (100:60:60 NPK ha-1), T3 (½ RDF + Biofertilizer consortia (BF) i.e., Azospirillum, Azotobacter and PSB @ 4 kg ha-1 in 1:1:1), T4 (Vermicompost @ 4 tha-1), T5 (VC @ 2 tha-1+ BFs), T6 (½ RDF + VC @ 2 tha-1+ BFs), T7 (RDF+ VC @ 2 tha-1+ Biofertilizer consortia), T8 (FYM @ 20 tha-1), T9 (FYM @ 10 tha-1+ BFs), T10 (½ RDF + FYM @ 10 tha-1+ BFs), T11 (RDF+ FYM @ 10 tha-1+ BFs) and T12 (½ RDF + FYM @ 10 tha-1 + VC @ 2 tha-1+ BFs), were evaluated by adopting RBD replicated thrice. The pooled results over two years revealed significant variations among the nutrient management practices for all the characters under study. Invariably, INM practices recorded significantly better vegetative growth, earliness in flowering, fruit yield and yield attributing parameters over inorganic, organic sources, BFs and absolute control. The results revealed integrated application of ½ RDF+FYM @ 10tha-1+VC @ 2tha-1+BFs recorded significantly higher maximum vegetative growth parameters (i.e., vine length of 296.4 m with 4.1 primary branches vine-1), induced earliness in flowering (i.e., days to appearance of male flowers : 30.2, days to appearance of female flowers : 31.7, sex ratio of : 12.8, fruit yield attributing parameters (i.e., fruit girth : 15.0 cm, fruits vine-1 : 8.6, days to 1st fruit harvest : 45.3), days to final harvest : 80.1, yield i.e., marketable yield (12.6 kg plot-1, 156.0 q ha-1, 15.6 tha-1) and total fruit yield (13.9 kg plot-1, 172.2 q ha-1, 17.2 tha-1 ). Thus it may be concluded that integrated application of nutrients from inorganic, organic with soil inoculation of biofertilizer consortia not only increased significantly increased growth, flowering and fruit yield in cucumber.