bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Association of PPARGC1A Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism with Milk Production Traits in Italian Mediterranean Buffalo
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Mahdi , Tingzhu Ye , Pasandideh Majid , Liang Aixin , Hua Guohua , Farmanullah  , Schreurs Nicola M. , Raza Sayed Haidar Abbas , Salzano Angela , Campanile Giuseppe , Gasparrini Bianca , Yang Liguo
Published: March 2021

PPARGC1A gene plays an important role in the activation of various important hormone receptors and transcriptional factors involved in the regulation of adaptive thermogenesis, gluconeogenesis, fiber‐type switching in skeletal muscle, mitochondrial biogenesis, and adipogenesis, regulating the reproduction and proposed as a candidate gene for milk‐related traits in cattle. This study identified polymorphisms in the PPARGC1A gene in Italian Mediterranean buffaloes and their associations to milk production and quality traits (lactation length, peak milk yield, fat and protein yield, and percentage). As a result, a total of seven SNPs (g.‐78A>G, g.224651G>C, g.286986G>A, g.304050G>A, g.325647G>A, g.325817T>C, and g.325997G>A) were identified by DNA pooled sequencing. Analysis of productivity traits within the genotyped animals revealed that the g.286986G>A located at intron 4 was associated with milk production traits, but the g.325817T>C had no association with milk production. Polymorphisms in g.‐78A>G was associated with peak milk yield and milk yield, while g.304050G>A and g.325997 G>A were associated with both milk yield and protein percentage. Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in the buffalo PPARGC1A gene are associated with milk production traits and can be used as a candidate gene for milk traits and marker‐assisted selection in the buffalo breeding program.
Over-the-Scope Clip-Associated Endoscopic Muscular Dissection for Seven Cases of Small Gastric Submucosal Tumor: A Video-Based Case Series
Authors: Li Xin , Wei Rongfen , Qin Jianfu , Qin Fei , Peng Peng , Qin Mengbin , Liu Shiquan , Huang Jiean
Published: March 2021

Objectives. To evaluate the methodology, feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a novel method called over-the-scope clip- (OTSC-) associated endoscopic muscular dissection for small GSMT. Methods. A pilot study on small

GSMT
 
diameter
≤
1

 cm was performed. OTSC-associated endoscopic muscular dissection was based on the requirement of OTSC apparatus and ESD technique; after ligaturing the bottom of small GSMT by OTSC, ESD was performed to resect the tumors, and the wounds of ESD were closed by clips finally. All the patients were followed up for more than 3 months, and the complications during and after OTSC-associated endoscopic muscular dissection were recorded. Results. A total of 7 consecutive patients with small GSMT were included. All tumors were completely dissected without any perforation or infection during and after the procedure in all cases, while three patients had mild abdominal pain, and one experienced postoperative bleeding after the procedure which was treated by the endoscopy with titanium clips. All the patients were followed by endoscopy three months later, all the wounds healed well, and all the OTSCs were still in the gastric wall. Conclusions. OTSC-associated endoscopic muscular dissection as a novel endoscopic interventional therapy should be a convenient, safe, and effective therapy for small GSMT. The short-time outcome is excellent, whereas long-term effect is unclear, and the further follow-up is needed to schedule.
Identification of MiR-93-5p Targeted Pathogenic Markers in Acute Myeloid Leukemia through Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis and Clinical Validation
Authors: Wang Jie , Wu Yun , Uddin Md. Nazim , Hao Jian-ping , Chen Rong , Xiong Dai-qin , Ding Nan , Yang Jian-hua , Wang Jian-hua , Ding Xuan-sheng
Published: March 2021

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of hematological malignancy with diverse genetic pathogenesis. Identification of the miR-93-5p targeted pathogenic markers could be useful for AML diagnosis and potential therapy. We collected 751 miR-93-5p targeted and AML-related genes by integrating the results of multiple databases and then used the expression profile of TCGA-LAML to construct a coexpression function network of AML WGCNA. Based on the clinical phenotype and module trait relationship, we identified two modules (brown and yellow) as interesting dysfunction modules, which have a significant association with cytogenetics risk and FAB classification systems. GO enrichment and KEGG analysis showed that these modules are mainly involved with cancer-associated pathways, including MAPK signal pathway, p53 signal pathway, JAK-STAT signal pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, mTOR signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, both associated with the occurrence of AML. Besides, using the STRING database, we discovered the top 10 hub genes in each module, including MAPK1, ACTB, RAC1, GRB2, MDM2, ACTR2, IGF1R, CDKN1A, YWHAZ, and YWHAB in the brown module and VEGFA, FGF2, CCND1, FOXO3, IGFBP3, GSF1, IGF2, SLC2A4, PDGFBM, and PIK3R2 in the yellow module. The prognosis analysis result showed that six key pathogens have significantly affected the overall survival and prognosis in AML. Interestingly, VEGF with the most significant regulatory relationship in the yellow modules significantly positively correlated with the clinical phenotype of AML. We used qPCR and ELISA to verify miR-93-5p and VEGF expression in our clinical samples. The results exhibited that miR-93-5p and VEGF were both highly expressed in AML.
Comparison between Smoking and Nonsmoking Palestinian Medical Students in the Health‐Promoting Behaviors and Lifestyle Characteristics
Authors: Al-Othman Nihad , Ghanim Mustafa , Alqaraleh Moath
Published: March 2021

Objectives. This study was aimed at comparing the predictors of health‐promoting lifestyle behaviors between smoking and nonsmoking medical students at An‐Najah National University located in Palestine. Methods. A descriptive cross‐sectional study was performed during the academic year 2017/2018. Medical students were asked to complete a self‐reported questionnaire that involved the predictors of Health‐Promoting Lifestyle Profile‐II. With the use of a suitable available sample composed of a total of 430 medical students, 400 had successfully completed the questionnaire and were included in the study. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 24 software. Results. The sample included 400 medical students with a mean age of 18.7 years, 311 (77.7%) were females, and 89 (22.3%) were males. The prevalence of smokers in the sample was 110 (27.5%). For the health status of over half the students, 211 (52.8%) were excellent. The total HPLP‐II score for smoking students resulted to be significantly lower in comparison to nonsmoking students (131.2 versus 135.7). This significant difference was clear in the interpersonal relation subscale (25.6 versus 26.8) for smoking and nonsmoking students, respectively. The score differences in other subscales were generally lower in smoking students. However, these differences were not consistent with statistical significance. Conclusion. The significant lower total Health‐Promoting Lifestyle Profile‐II score in smoking students necessitates the urgent need for awareness programs, not only towards smoking but also on how to enhance student health‐promoting lifestyle behaviors.
Bevacizumab‐Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and ERK Inactivation Contribute to Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Li Yue , Tian Wei , Yue Dongsheng , Chen Chen , Li Chenguang , Zhang Zhenfa , Wang Changli
Published: March 2021

The molecular mechanisms underlying the cardiotoxicity associated with bevacizumab, a first‐line immunotherapeutic agent used to treat lung cancer, are not fully understood. Here, we examined intracellular signal transduction in cardiomyocytes after exposure to different doses of bevacizumab in vitro. Our results demonstrated that bevacizumab significantly and dose‐dependently reduces cardiomyocyte viability and increases cell apoptosis. Bevacizumab treatment also led to mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes, as evidenced by the decreased ATP production, increased ROS production, attenuated antioxidative enzyme levels, and reduced respiratory complex function. In addition, bevacizumab induced intracellular calcium overload, ER stress, and caspase‐12 activation. Finally, bevacizumab treatment inhibited the ERK signaling pathway, which, in turn, significantly reduced cardiomyocyte viability and contributed to mitochondrial dysfunction. Together, our results demonstrate that bevacizumab‐mediated cardiotoxicity is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, and ERK pathway inactivation. These findings may provide potential treatment targets to attenuate myocardial injury during lung cancer immunotherapy.
Research on Sports Training Decision Support System Based on Improved Association Rules Algorithm
Authors: Shao Linhai
Published: March 2021

In my country, college students’ physical exercise is mainly through physical exercise and amateur sports, which is basically in a state of disorder. Based on the improved association rules, this paper introduces the auxiliary decision support system for college students’ sports training. First, we introduced a network security method and designed a sports training decision support system based on network security. Secondly, based on the Apriori algorithm, we have realized the organic integration of all aspects of college students’ sports, applied scientific training theories and advanced training methods to the management of college students’ sports training, and generated new knowledge rules through data mining technology, enriching knowledge. Finally, according to user input, select the corresponding model and combine with the rules in the knowledge base to generate a reasonable exercise training plan. After model simulation and example verification, the sports training decision support system based on the improved association rule prior algorithm designed in this paper has good applicability and efficiency.
Computing Edge Weights of Symmetric Classes of Networks
Authors: Afzal Hafiz Usman , Javaid Muhammad , Alanazi Abdulaziz Mohammed , Alshehri Maryam Gharamah
Published: March 2021

Accessibility, robustness, and connectivity are the salient structural properties of networks. The labelling of networks with numeric numbers using the parameters of edge or vertex weights plays an eminent role in the study of the aforesaid properties. The systems interlinked in a network are transformed into a graphical network, and specific numeric labels assigned to the converted network under certain rules assist us in the regulation of data traffic, bandwidth, and coding/decoding of signals. Two major classes of such network labellings are magic and antimagic. The notion of supera,0edge-antimagic labelling on networks was identified in the late nineties. The present article addresses supera,0edge antimagicness of union of the networks’ starSn, the pathPn, and copies of paths and the rooted product of cycleCnwithK2,m. We also provide supera,0edge-antimagic labelling of the rooted product of cycleCnand planar pancyclic networks. Further, we design a supera,0edge-antimagic labelling on a pancyclic network containing chains ofC6and three different symmetrically designed lattices. Moreover, our findings have also been recapitulated in the shape of 3-Dplots and tables.
Modification of Gravitational Field Equation due to Invariance of Light Speed and New System of Universe Evolution
Authors: Yang Jian Liang
Published: March 2021

We make a systematic examination of the basic theory of general relativity and reemphasize the meaning of coordinates. Firstly, we prove that Einsteinʼs gravitational field equation has the light speed invariant solution and black holes are not an inevitable prediction of general relativity. Second, we show that the coupling coefficient of the gravitational field equation is not unique and can be modified as

4
π
G

to replace the previous

−
8
π
G

, distinguish gravitational mass from the inertial mass, and prove that dark matter and dark energy are not certain existence and the expansion and contraction of the universe are proven cyclic, and a new distance-redshift relation which is more practical is derived. After that, we show that galaxies and celestial bodies are formed by gradual growth rather than by the accumulation of existing matter and prove that new matter is generating gradually in the interior of celestial bodies. For example, the radius of the Earth increases by 0.5 mm every year, and its mass increases by 1.2 trillion tons. A more reasonable derivation of the precession of planetary orbits is given, and the evolution equation of planetary orbits in the expanding space-time is also given. In a word, an alive universe unfolds in front of readers and the current cosmological difficulties are given new interpretations.
An Improved Feedback Network Superresolution on Camera Lens Images for Blind Superresolution
Authors: Liu Yuhao
Published: March 2021

Most of the recent advances in image superresolution (SR) assume that the blur kernel during downsampling is predefined (e.g., Bicubic or Gaussian kernel), but it is a difficult task to make it suitable for all the realistic images. In this paper, we propose an Improved Superresolution Feedback Network (ISRFN) which is designed free to predefine the downsampling blur kernel by dealing with real-world HR-LR image pairs directly without downsampling process. We propose ISRFN by modifying the layers and network structures of the famous Superresolution Feedback Network (SRFBN). We trained the ISRFN with the Camera Lens Database named City100, which produced the HR and LR on the same lens, respectively, free for downsampling, so our proposed ISRFN is free to estimate the blur kernel. Due to different camera lens (smartphone and DSLR) databases, we perform two series of experiments under two camera lenses-based City100 databases, respectively, to choose the optimum network structures; experiments make it clear that different camera lens-based databases have different optimum network structures. We also compare our two ISRFNs with the state-of-the-art algorithms on performance; experiments show that our proposed ISRFN outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms.
Stability of Coal Pillar and Roof Movement Characteristics in Roadway Backfill Mining
Authors: Lin Hai , Yang Renshu , Li Yongliang , Fang Shizheng
Published: March 2021

In order to explore the stability of coal pillar and the characteristics of roof movement during the process of roadway backfill mining (RBM), the 301 backfilling test working face of Ordos Chahasu coal mine is taken as the background. Based on the expansive pressure arch theory, the evolution process of the stope expansive pressure arch in RBM is studied; by establishing a mechanical model for the stability of coal pillars, the interactions between the height, width, and the maximum number of branches are obtained. When the width and height of the branch are both 5 m, the optimal number of the branches is obtained. Then, by establishing a mechanical model for the subsidence of the immediate roof, the process of the immediate roof subsidence is divided into three stages, namely, the formation stage of the local pressure arch, the merge stage of the pressure arch, and the expansion stage of the pressure arch. In addition, using the numerical method, the alternate bearing process of coal pillars and filling bodies and the change of the maximum supporting stress are studied, and the evolution of the pressure arch bearing structure above the stope and the staged subsidence characteristics of the roof are analyzed. The on‐site test showed that the coal pillar has a good stability during the mining process. The maximum stress of the coal pillar is 16.5 MPa, and the maximum stress of the filling body is 9 MPa. The maximum settlement of the immediate roof is 102 mm, indicating that the roof control effect is good. This research will play an important role on engineering practice.
An Analysis of the Economic Impact of US Presidential Elections Based on Principal Component and Logical Regression
Authors: Wang Jing-Jing , Liang Yan , Su Jin-Tao , Zhu Jia-Ming
Published: March 2021

Economy is one of the major issues in the United States presidential election campaign. In order to investigate the impact of the US presidential election on the economy, this paper first constructs an analysis model of the economic impact on the United States based on stepwise regression and principal component analysis to analyze the focus of different candidates’ attention on the economic issues and its possible impact on the US economy in the election year and after the election; secondly, a Chinese economic impact analysis model based on factor analysis and machine learning logistic regression was constructed to analyze the impact of the US presidential election on the Chinese economy. At the same time, the future economic development of the United States and China based on the time series prediction model is forecast and analyzed, respectively. Finally, the countermeasures and policy suggestions on China’s related economic development are put forward.
Determination of Pesticide Residues in Food Premises Using QuECHERS Method in Bench‐Sheko Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Mekonnen Besufekad , Siraj Jafer , Negash Samuel
Published: March 2021

Pesticides are risk factors in human life causing chronic human health effects. They are commonly used across the globe to enhance human endeavors. In Ethiopia, pesticides are widely used by local farmers and governmental organizations for pest control purpose. Pesticide residues in food items have been a concern to the consumers and environment they live in. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining the amount of organochlorine and organophosphate pesticide residues in cereal crops in Bench‐Sheko Zone, Ethiopia. A cross‐sectional laboratory‐based study design was employed to determine the amount of pesticide residues. The samples were extracted using a Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction and clean up method. Finally, the extracted samples were injected into gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometer and the types and concentrations of pesticide residues were analyzed. The highest concentration of endosulfan sulfate (0.076 mgkg-1) was detected in rice, followed by dimethoate (0.068 mgkg-1) and p,p ′‐DDE (0.087 mgkg-1) in sorghum and common millet, respectively, in the samples obtained from the Gurafarda site.The highest concentration of p,p ′‐DDT (0.133 mgkg-1) was detected in common millet, followed by aldrin (0.082 mgkg-1) and dimethoate (0.077 mgkg-1) in sorghum and common millet, respectively, in the samples obtained from the North Bench site. In addition, aldrin detected in rice, sorghum, and common millet obtained from the three sites was a residue of above the maximum residual limits set by Codex Alimentarius regulations and European Union. The finding shows that an indication of the widespread use of pesticides in cereal crops.
Histopathological Variability and Concomitant Lesions in Pterygium in a Large Case Series
Authors: Bergeron Sabrina , Ito Hiroaki , Dossous Yves E. , Burnier Miguel N.
Published: March 2021

Pterygium is a common lesion consisting of fleshy conjunctival growth extending towards the cornea. There is no documented risk of malignant transformation; however, concomitant disease is not rare, and its link to sunlight exposure indicates a risk of other malignancies. The purpose of our study is to describe histopathological features of resected pterygiums and to recognize patients at risk of other conjunctival diseases. One hundred and forty-nine formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded pterygium samples were subjected to histopathological analysis. Histological H&E sections were obtained and digitalized using a Zeiss Axio Scan.Z1 slide scanner. Thirteen predefined morphological features were used to record histopathological changes in the epithelium and substantia propria. Neovascularization was observed in 54% of the samples. Sun damage, comprising solar elastosis and stromal plaque, was present in 81% of the samples. Variation in epithelial thickness was the most common change, with acanthosis and atrophy being observed in 62% and 26% of the samples, respectively. In our series, 21% (31/149) of pterygiums showed mild to moderate dysplasia, a finding that may be associated to ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). Moreover, 32% (47/149) of the cases showed melanocytic hyperplasia, which could represent primary acquired melanosis (PAM). There is a positive correlation between dysplasia and chronic inflammation

p
=
0.012

and an inverse correlation with epithelial atrophy

p
=
0.001

and neovascularization

p
=
0.05

. Similarly, a positive correlation is observed between goblet cell hyperplasia and melanocytic hyperplasia

p
=
0.02

. Our findings show that pterygiums harbour histological features that may be suggestive of OSSN or PAM in 53% of our patients. Whilst being on the benign side of the spectrum, these two entities are known for their potential progression to malignancy. A recommendation is made for all surgically excised pterygiums to be sent for histopathological diagnosis, and clear guidelines for reporting of these lesions should be established. Associated histopathological findings suggestive of other concomitant diseases should be identified to insure adequate follow-up of these patients.
Development of an E-Commerce Chatbot for a University Shopping Mall
Authors: Oguntosin Victoria , Olomo Ayobami
Published: March 2021

Chatbots have been used in many fields ranging from education to healthcare and are also used in e-commerce settings. This research aims at developing a web-based chatbot called Hebron for the Covenant University Community Mall. The chatbot is developed using Python and React.js as the programming languages and MySQL (Structured Query Language) server as the database to give a structure to the e-commerce datasets and Admin Portal process. The e-commerce chatbot application for Covenant University Shopping Mall (CUSM) seeks to provide an easy, smart, and comfortable shopping experience for the Covenant University Community.
A Brief Overview of Optimal Robust Control Strategies for a Benchmark Power System with Different Cyberphysical Attacks
Authors: Hu Bo , Wang Hao , Zhao Yan , Zhou Hang , Jiang Mingkun , Wei Mofan
Published: March 2021

Security issue against different attacks is the core topic of cyberphysical systems (CPSs). In this paper, optimal control theory, reinforcement learning (RL), and neural networks (NNs) are integrated to provide a brief overview of optimal robust control strategies for a benchmark power system. First, the benchmark power system models with actuator and sensor attacks are considered. Second, we investigate the optimal control issue for the nominal system and review the state‐of‐the‐art RL methods along with the NN implementation. Third, we propose several robust control strategies for different types of cyberphysical attacks via the optimal control design, and stability proofs are derived through Lyapunov theory. Furthermore, the stability analysis with the NN approximation error, which is rarely discussed in the previous works, is studied in this paper. Finally, two different simulation examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods.
ALKBH5 Gene Polymorphisms and Hepatoblastoma Susceptibility in Chinese Children
Authors: Ren Hui , Zhuo Zhen-Jian , Duan Fei , Li Yong , Yang Zhonghua , Zhang Jiao , Cheng Jiwen , Li Suhong , Li Li , Geng Jianlei , Zhang Zhiguang , He Jing , Niu Huizhong
Published: March 2021

Incidence of hepatoblastoma has been increasing, but the causes of this disease remain unclear. Some studies have suggested that abnormal expressions of ALKBH5 gene are associated with multiple cancers. This study aims to test the hypothesis that hepatoblastoma risk may be modulated by genetic polymorphisms in ALKBH5 gene based on genotyped data from samples of 328 cases and 1476 controls enrolled from eight hospitals in China. We used TaqMan assay to genotype ALKBH5 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1378602G > A and rs8400G > A. We calculated the odds ratios (ORs) and

P

values using logistic regression models to estimate the association between hepatoblastoma risk and ALKBH5 gene SNPs. We found the rs1378602G > A and rs8400G > A could not impact hepatoblastoma risk in single or combined analysis. Stratified analysis revealed that subjects with the rs8400 AA genotype are prone to getting hepatoblastoma in the clinical stage III + IV subgroup (adjusted OR = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.20–3.10,

P
=
0.007

), when compared to those with GG/GA genotype. False-positive report probability validated the reliability of the significant results. Preliminary functional annotations revealed that rs8400 A is correlated with increased expression of ALKBH5 gene in the expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis. In all, our investigation presents evidence of a weak impact of ALKBH5 gene polymorphisms on hepatoblastoma risk, using the largest hepatoblastoma sample size. These findings shed some light on the genetic basis of hepatoblastoma, implicating the role of ALKBH5 gene polymorphisms in the etiology of hepatoblastoma.
Species of Sulfur in Sour Gas Reservoir: Insights from In Situ Raman Spectroscopy of S–H2S–CH4–H2O System and Its Subsystems from 20 to 250°C
Authors: Yu Yifan , Hu Wenxuan , Chou I-Ming , Jiang Lei , Wan Ye , Li Yiqun , Xin Yang , Wang Xiaolin
Published: March 2021

Thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) is the most important mechanism for the generation of high-concentration H2S in gas reservoirs. Sulfur speciation in sour gas is one of the key factors controlling the rate and extent of TSR in gas reservoirs. However, experimental studies on S species in sour gas are limited due to the toxicity and corrosion of S and H2S. Fused silica capillary capsules (FSCCs) are inert to S and H2S and, therefore, were employed in this study as microreactors containing the S–H2S–CH4–H2O system and its subsystems, representing the composition of sour gas. The in situ Raman spectra of each system were collected continuously during the process of heating from 20°C to 250°C. The results showed the following: (1) a Raman peak at 2500 cm−1 was detected in the liquid S phase of the S–H2S–CH4 –H2O system at 120–250°C, which was attributed to H2Sn. A Raman band at ~533 cm−1 was detected in the aqueous phase of the S–H2S–H2O–CH4 system at 250°C and was assigned to S3−, suggesting that S3− and H2Sn are important S species in sour gas reservoirs at elevated temperatures. (2) The Raman peak at 2500 cm−1 disappeared at 20°C, indicating that H2Sn decomposes into S and H2S. During gas extraction, the decomposition of H2Sn will cause S deposition in pipelines. (3) In addition to S3−, H2Sn could be the intermediate valence S species involved in the TSR reaction.
A Novel Structure of Blockchain Applied in Vaccine Quality Control: Double-Chain Structured Blockchain System for Vaccine Anticounterfeiting and Traceability
Authors: Qiu Zehuan , Zhu Yifan
Published: March 2021

Background. Vaccine, as an irreplaceable means in herd immunization, is widely applied in prevention for communicable diseases. However, adverse impacts were frequently incurred by fake or expired vaccines in China. Given the necessity of vaccine anticounterfeiting, blockchain-based transaction platform could be practiced as a solution in addressing the issue; however, most of the available experiments focused on single-chain structured design with inventible limitations. Accordingly, exploration for the effectiveness and feasibility of mixed-chains structured platform for vaccine anticounterfeiting and tracing is essentially required. Methods. Both public chain and private chain were inserted in anticounterfeiting and tracing platform designing process, which were subsequently simulated in Ethereum environment. Results. By recording different information in public chain and private chain, partial information privacy protection requirements are realized. The transfer identification module realized the function of vaccine quality supervision and solves the problem of EPC label replication. Discussion. Compared with the traditional single-structured design, completeness information could be visited by all stakeholders in double-chain structure, including vaccine suppliers, National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), vaccine purchasers, and the vaccinated. Conclusion. Double-chain structured system for vaccine anticounterfeiting and tracing is more effective.
Study on Overburden Stability and Development Height of Water Flowing Fractured Zone in Roadway Mining with Cemented Backfill
Authors: Dong Yu , Huang Yucheng , Du Jifang , Zhao Fei
Published: March 2021

In order to explore the stability of overburden rock and the development height of water flowing fractured zone in roadway filling mining, based on the movement and deformation mechanism of overburden rock, the mechanical analysis of overburden stability and failure was carried out, and the mechanical model of main roof rock beam was established, and the ultimate span and limit deflection of rock beam fracture were deduced. Combined with the mechanical model of the main roof fractured rock, the basis for the judgment of overburden failure developing to fractured zone is given in this paper. Taking a coal mine roadway backfill under water‐bearing stratum as an example, based on the equivalent mining height, the theoretical calculation and analysis are carried out on the stability of overburden rock and the height of water flowing fractured zone. The reliability of the theoretical analysis is verified compared with the empirical formula and the numerical simulation results. The results showed that the water flowing fractured zone developed to the bottom of no. 7 glutenite, with a height of 32.5 m, slightly less than the calculation result of the empirical formula. The thickness of the waterproof coal pillar was 39.8 m, which was much less than the distance from the aquifer to the coal seam and can be mined safely.
Multiphysical Models for Hydrogen Production Using NaOH and Stainless Steel Electrodes in Alkaline Electrolysis Cell
Authors: Aquigeh Ivan Newen , Ayissi Merlin Zacharie , Bitondo Dieudonné
Published: March 2021

The cell voltage in alkaline water electrolysis cells remains high despite the fact that water electrolysis is a cleaner and simpler method of hydrogen production. A multiphysical model for the cell voltage of a single cell electrolyzer was realized based on a combination of current-voltage models, simulation of electrolyzers in intermittent operation (SIMELINT), existing experimental data, and data from the experiment conducted in the course of this work. The equipment used NaOH as supporting electrolyte and stainless steel as electrodes. Different electrolyte concentrations, interelectrode gaps, and electrolyte types were applied and the cell voltages recorded. Concentrations of 60 wt% NaOH produced lowest range of cell voltage (1.15–2.67 V); an interelectrode gap of 0.5 cm also presented the lowest cell voltage (1.14–2.71 V). The distilled water from air conditioning led to a minimum cell voltage (1.18–2.78 V). The water from a factory presented the highest flow rate (12.48 × 10−1cm3/min). It was found that the cell voltage of the alkaline electrolyzer was reduced considerably by reducing the interelectrode gap to 0.5 cm and using electrolytes that produce less bubbles. A maximum error of 1.5% was found between the mathematical model and experimental model, indicating that the model is reliable.
A Need for Consistency in Behavioral Phenotyping for ASD: Analysis of the Valproic Acid Model
Authors: Larner Olivia , Roberts Jane , Twiss Jeffery , Freeman Linnea
Published: March 2021

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a highly prevalent and impairing neurodevelopmental disorder that affects 1 : 54 persons. Over the last several decades, the reported incidence of ASD in the US has increased potentially due to increased awareness and improved diagnostic measurement. Although ASD prevalence is increasing, the etiology of ASD remains relatively unknown. To better understand the neurological basis of ASD, rodent models of ASD have been developed for research. Currently, there is not a standardized set of behavioral tests to quantify ASD-like behavior in rodents. The goal of this review is to present an overview of the methodologies used to analyze ASD-like behaviors in rodents, focusing on the valproic acid (VPA) model, and illustrate inconsistencies between different approaches. Despite that the in utero VPA rodent model for ASD is widely used and extensively characterized, behaviors vary substantially between different researchers. Moving forward, consistency in behavioral method analytics would benefit progress in evaluating interventions for all models of ASD and help to uncover unique qualities underlying mechanisms causing ASD signs and symptoms.
Postsurgical Pyoderma Gangrenosum in a Breast Cancer Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Vernaci Grazia Maria , Meroni Muzio , Dieci Maria Vittoria , Saibene Tania , Montesco Maria Cristina , Orvieto Enrico , Cattelan Annamaria , Ghiotto Cristina , Miglietta Federica , Guarneri Valentina , Cagol Matteo
Published: March 2021

Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare skin necrotizing disease that can arise on a site of surgical trauma. Its pathogenesis has recently been related to dysregulation of the immune system, with inflammatory bowel disease representing the most commonly underlying systemic conditions. Several authors have also reported an association with solid malignancies (especially gastrointestinal and breast cancer). We describe the case of a 39-year-old patient diagnosed with a locally advanced, triple-negative breast cancer who developed a pyoderma gangrenosum on the surgical wound after a CVC implant with systemic complications. As the diagnosis and management of postsurgical pyoderma gangrenosum can be challenging for clinicians, underlying conditions as autoimmune disease and solid tumors have to be considered in order to guide treatment.
Prediction of Birth Weight and Neonatal Adiposity Using Ultrasound Assessment of Soft Tissue Parameters in Addition to Two-Dimensional Conventional Biometry
Authors: Garcia Flores Jose , Mogra Ritu , Sadowski Monica , Hyett Jon
Published: March 2021

Introduction: We aim to evaluate the supplementary predictive value of soft tissue markers, including fetal limb volumes, for fetal birth weight and fat tissue weight. Methods: This is a prospective study of 60 patients undergoing term induction of labor. Ultrasound was performed 48 h before birth, and 2D sonographic measurements, subcutaneous tissue thickness, and 3D fetal limb volumes were taken. Birth weight and neonatal fat weight were assessed by plethysmography. Clinical data were collected. The relation between ultrasound and neonatal outcomes was assessed by univariate and multivariate predictive models. The estimated and actual birth weights were compared applying different published formulas, and systematic and random error were collected and compared. Results: 3D fetal limb volumes showed a strong relation to birth weight, absolute weight, and relative fat weight. The Lee 6 formula performed better than either Hadlock 3 or Lee 3 with the lowest random error. Fractional limb volumes involve a highly reproducible technique, with excellent correlation (intra-class coefficient >0.90) for both inter- and intra-observer reliability. The prevalence of estimated EFW measures within 10% error from the actual birth weight was 71.7% with the Hadlock 3 model and 95.0% with the Lee 6 model (p = 0.09). Conclusion: Late assessment of 3D fetal limb volume in upper and lower extremities is not only useful for accurately predicting birth weight but is a useful marker for prediction of birth fat tissue weight.
Colorectal Cancer with EML4-ALK Fusion Gene Response to Alectinib: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Hsiao Sheng-Yen , He Hong-Lin , Weng Teng-Song , Lin Cheng-Yao , Chao Chien-Ming , Huang Wen-Tsung , Tsao Chao-Jung
Published: March 2021

Anti-epithelial growth factor receptor or anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents combined with chemotherapy were the standard of treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). However, increasing evidence of molecularly stratified treatment makes the complexity of treatment. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene alternation is one of potential target for biomarker-guided therapy for CRC. We present a case of a 56-year-old man who suffered from advanced ascending colon cancer, harboring echinoderm microtubule associated protein-like 4 (EML4)-ALK fusion gene E21; A20 variant, a rare variant in EML4-ALK fusion gene in lung cancer. We also detected this fusion gene from different tissue types including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and ascites fluid. The patient was offered alectinib, an ALK inhibitor, with partial response in lung, liver, and peritoneal metastasis for 8 months. Tumor heterogeneity, especially in gastrointestinal tract cancer, raise our interest in comprehensive genetic profiling in clinical practice. Convenience and reliability of next-generation sequencing, including using ctDNA, help physicians deal with clinical dilemma. ALK-positive CRC is rare. However, advanced CRC with ALK gene alteration responds to ALK inhibitor. It is reasonable to check ALK gene alteration in clinical practice for CRC.
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Rare Cause of Colonic Mass
Authors: Baiomi Ahmed , Abbas Hafsa , Mehershahi Shehriyar , Daniel Myrta
Published: March 2021

NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) are one of the most used medications worldwide. Every day they are used by more than 30 million Americans. Here, we report a rare and interesting case of a 63-year-old woman with a history of NSAID use who presented to our emergency room with lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen with intravenous contrast revealed focal mucosal thickening in the cecum which was highly suspicious for colonic malignancy. She had a colonoscopy which showed two masses and ulcers in the right colon, pathology was negative for malignancy and showed inflammation consistent with NSAID colopathy.
Enteroendocrine Dysfunction in Two Saudi Sisters
Authors: Ahmed Amna Basheer M. , Alsaleem Badr M. Rasheed
Published: March 2021

Proprotein convertase (PC) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK1). It is characterized by severe malabsorptive early-onset diarrhea, obesity, and systemic endocrinopathies. Only few cases have been reported in the literature; we have add two female sisters with some difference in clinical progress. Herein, we describe two sisters with congenital osmotic diarrhea diagnosed with PC1/3 deficiency, causing malabsorptive diarrhea and enteroendocrine dysfunction, who presented with chronic enteropathy with hypernatremia but with different expressivity. PC1/3 deficiency presents with symptoms and signs that mimic glucose-galactose malabsorption. Because of the clinical paucity and heterogeneity of congenital enteropathies, whole-exome sequencing may be of great help towards early diagnosis and effective treatment.
Disappearance of Gastric Hyperplastic Polyps after the Discontinuation of Proton Pump Inhibitor in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Yasugi Kengo , Haruma Ken , Kawanaka Miwa , Suehiro Mitsuhiko , Nakamura Jun , Urata Noriyo , Tanikawa Tomohiro , Oka Takahito , Monobe Yasumasa , Fujita Takuya , Kawamoto Hirofumi
Published: March 2021

Here, we report on a rare case of gastric hyperplastic polyps which disappeared after the discontinuation of proton pump inhibitor (PPI). The patient was an 83-year-old woman with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, along with gastroesophageal reflux disease treated by PPI. An initial upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed unique polypoid lesions in the greater curvature of the stomach. Biopsy specimens of the lesions were diagnosed as hyperplastic polyps and she was followed. One year later, a second endoscopy showed that the lesions had increased in number and size, and an endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) was performed for the main polyps. The resected specimens indicated a proliferation of foveolar epithelium cells with an increase of capillary ectasia and parietal cell hyperplasia, which was thought to be induced by hypergastrinemia from the PPI. Three months after the EMR, she was admitted because of bleeding from the remaining polyps along with an increase in new polyps. After conservative treatment, PPI was stopped and rebamipide was used. One year and 6 months later, an endoscopy showed the complete disappearance of all gastric polyps.
Decreased Platelet Counts and Serum Levels of VEGF-A, PDGF-BB, and BDNF in Extremely Preterm Infants Developing Severe ROP
Authors: Hellgren Gunnel , Lundgren Pia , Pivodic Aldina , Löfqvist Chatarina , Nilsson Anders K. , Ley David , Sävman Karin , Smith Lois E. , Hellström Ann
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia has been identified as an independent risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), although underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this study, the association of platelet count and serum platelet-derived factors with ROP was investigated. Methods: Data for 78 infants born at gestational age (GA) <28 weeks were included. Infants were classified as having no/mild ROP or severe ROP. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A, platelet-derived growth factor BB, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor were measured in serum samples collected from birth until postmenstrual age (PMA) 40 weeks. Platelet counts were obtained from samples taken for clinical indication. Results: Postnatal platelet counts and serum concentrations of the 3 growth factors followed the same postnatal pattern, with lower levels in infants developing severe ROP at PMA 32 and 36 weeks (p < 0.05–0.001). With adjustment for GA, low platelet counts and low serum concentrations of all 3 factors at PMA 32 weeks were significantly associated with severe ROP. Serum concentrations of all 3 factors also strongly correlated with platelet count (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In this article, we show that ROP, platelet counts, and specific pro-angiogenic factors correlate. These data suggest that platelet-released factors might be involved in the regulation of retinal and systemic angiogenesis after extremely preterm birth. Further investigations are needed.
Effects of Maternal Abdominal Surgery on Fetal Brain Development in the Rabbit Model
Authors: Bleeser Tom , Van Der Veeken Lennart , Devroe Sarah , Vergote Simen , Emam Doaa , van der Merwe Johannes , Ghijsens Elina , Joyeux Luc , Basurto David , Van de Velde Marc , Deprest Jan , Rex Steffen
Published: March 2021

Introduction: Anesthesia during pregnancy can impair fetal neurodevelopment, but effects of surgery remain unknown. The aim is to investigate effects of abdominal surgery on fetal brain development. Hypothesis is that surgery impairs outcome. Methods: Pregnant rabbits were randomized at 28 days of gestation to 2 h of general anesthesia (sevoflurane group, n = 6) or to anesthesia plus laparoscopic appendectomy (surgery group, n = 13). On postnatal day 1, neurobehavior of pups was assessed and brains harvested. Primary outcome was neuron density in the frontal cortex, and secondary outcomes included neurobehavioral assessment and other histological parameters. Results: Fetal survival was lower in the surgery group: 54 versus 100% litters alive at birth (p = 0.0442). In alive litters, pup survival until harvesting was 50 versus 69% (p = 0.0352). No differences were observed for primary outcome (p = 0.5114) for surviving pups. Neuron densities were significantly lower in the surgery group in the caudate nucleus (p = 0.0180), but not different in other regions. No differences were observed for secondary outcomes. Conclusions did not change after adjustment for mortality. Conclusion: Abdominal surgery in pregnant rabbits at a gestational age corresponding to the end of human second trimester results in limited neurohistological changes but not in neurobehavioral impairments. High intrauterine mortality limits translation to clinical scenario, where fetal mortality is close to zero.
Eosinophilic Meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Children
Authors: Phan Hai Thanh , Tran Kiem Hao , Nguyen Huu Son
Published: March 2021

Meningoencephalitis is not a rare disease in children. However, eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis is unusual in the pediatric population. We describe the case of a 12-year-old girl from the central area of Vietnam with eosinophilic meningitis due to A. cantonensis. The patient lived in a rural area, where farming is widespread, and presented with fever and headache. Laboratory results showed peripheral eosinophilia, a cerebrospinal fluid white blood cell count of 730/mm3 with 65% eosinophils. Cerebrospinal fluid ELISA was positive for A. cantonensis, and blood ELISA was positive for A. cantonensis. The presentation was consistent with a diagnosis of A. cantonensis eosinophilic meningitis. The patient recovered fully after administration of albendazole (200 mg/day for 2 weeks), as well as intravenous dexamethasone (0.6 mg/kg/day every 8 h) and mannitol (1.5 g/kg/day every 8 h) for the first 3 days, followed by 5 days of oral prednisolone (2 mg/kg/day).
Recurrent Erythema Annulare Centrifugum due to Influenza Type A
Authors: Ena Luca , Mazzarello Vittorio , Ferrari Marco , Ena Pasquale
Published: March 2021

Erythema annulare centrifugum (EAC) is a rare erythema characterized by erythematous and urticarial papules or annular plaques that enlarges centrifugally. The lesions usually involve the thighs and the legs. Several disorders are occasionally associated with EAC, infections, including mycoses, bacteria, or viruses and drugs have also been regarded as possible causes of this eruption. We present a 42-year-old dark-skinned woman affected by recurrent EAC that appeared secondary to influenza type A (H1N1). Histopathology showed a superficial form of EAC. In our case, a previous cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection were identified and no underlying other diseases were found. Clarithromycin with calcipotriol betamethasone treatment was temporarily efficacious. In the last 3 years, the lesions started to appear every 2 weeks and tended to regress with local treatment after a variable period. We believe that the latent cytomegalovirus and the reactivity induced by EBV combined with influenza can determine, in our case, a cell mediate cutaneous immune response, which leads to the peculiar inflammatory disease known as EAC.