bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chopstick operation training with the left non-dominant hand
Authors: Sawamura Daisuke , Sakuraba Satoshi , Yoshida Kazuki , Hasegawa Naoya , Suzuki Yumi , Yoshida Susumu , Honke Toshihiro , Sakai Shinya
Published: October 2021

Background

Training a non-dominant hand is important for rehabilitating people who are required to change handedness. However, improving the dexterity in using chopsticks with a non-dominant hand through training remains unclear. This study is aimed to measure whether chopstick training improves non-dominant hand chopstick operation skills and leads to acquisition of skill levels similar to those of the dominant hand.

Methods

This single-blinded randomized controlled trial enrolled 34 healthy young right-handed subjects who scored >70 points on the Edinburgh Handedness Questionnaire Inventory. They were randomly allocated to training or control groups. The training group participated in a 6-week chopstick training program with the non-dominant left hand, while the control group did not. Asymmetry of chopstick operation skill, perceived psychological stress, and oxygen-hemoglobin concentration as a brain activity measure in each hemisphere were measured before and after training.

Results

Participants in the training group had significantly lower asymmetry than those in the control group during the post-training assessment (F[1,30] ≥ 5.54,p≤ 0.03, partialη2≥ 0.156). Only perceived psychological stress had a significantly higher asymmetry during the post-training assessment (t[15] = 3.81,p< 0.01).

Conclusion

Six weeks of chopstick training improved non-dominant chopstick operation skills, and a performance level similar to that of the dominant hand was acquired.
Spherical and cylindrical conductive thermal diodes based on two phase-change materials
Authors: Kasali Suraju Olawale , Ordonez-Miranda Jose , Alaili Kamal , Joulain Karl
Published: October 2021

We theoretically studied and optimized the thermal rectification of spherical and cylindrical conductive thermal diodes operating with two phase-change materials (PCMs), whose thermal conductivities significantly changes in a narrow interval of temperatures. This is done by deriving simple analytical expressions for the heat flows, temperature profiles and rectification factors of both diodes. It is shown that diode geometry has a significant impact on the heat flows and temperature profiles, but not so much on the thermal diode rectification factor. Optimal rectification factors of 63.5 and 63.2% are obtained for the spherical and cylindrical thermal diodes operating between the terminals of VO2 and polyethylene with a temperature difference of 150 K spanning the metal–insulator transition of both PCMs. These similar rectification factors could be enhanced even more with a phase-change material exhibiting higher contrast thermal conductivity than the ones in the present study. The obtained results can thus be useful to guide the development of PCMs capable of optimizing the rectification of conductive heat flows with different geometries.
Traceability-Systeme als Enabler für Process Mining
Authors: Schreiber Markus , Bausch Phillip , Windecker Max , Metternich Joachim
Published: October 2021

In der Industrie steigt die Bedeutung Daten aus der Produktion wertschöpfend zu nutzen stetig. In dieser Arbeit wird die Ausgestaltung der Datenwertschöpfungskette von der Datengenerierung durch Traceability-Systeme bis zur Datenauswertung über Process Mining aufgezeigt. Die durchgeführte Interview-Studie gibt einen Einblick, wie Experten die Thematik bewerten.
Cell-to-Pack-Technologie für Li-Ionen-Batterien
Authors: Gerlitz Eduard , Botzem David , Weinmann Hannes , Ruhland Janna , Fleischer Jürgen
Published: October 2021

Eine Möglichkeit zur Weiterentwicklung von Li-Ionen-Traktionsbatterien liegt in der Optimierung der Pack-Architektur. Basierend auf der Elimination von Batteriemodulen erzielt die Cell-to-Pack-Technologie substanzielle Verbesserungen hinsichtlich Kosten und Energiedichte auf Pack-Ebene. Auf Grundlage einer strukturierten Literaturrecherche mit Fokus auf Patenten wird der Entwicklungsstand der Cell-to-Pack-Technologie dargelegt und die Marktsituation in der Automobilindustrie eingeschätzt. Die Ergebnisse dienen schließlich einer ersten Bewertung zum Marktpotenzial modulfreier Batteriesysteme.
Metastatic cluster 2-related pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma: a single-center experience and systematic review
Authors: Kumar Sandeep , Lila Anurag Ranjan , Memon Saba Samad , Sarathi Vijaya , Patil Virendra A , Menon Santosh , Mittal Neha , Prakash Gagan , Malhotra Gaurav , Shah Nalini S , Bandgar Tushar R
Published: October 2021

Risk of metastatic disease in the cluster 2-related pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) is low. In MEN2 patients, identification of origin of metastases from pheochromocytoma (PCC) or medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is challenging as both are of neuroendocrine origin. We aim to describe our experience and perform a systematic review to assess prevalence, demographics, biochemistry, diagnostic evaluation, management, and predictors of cluster 2-related metastatic PPGL. Retrospective analysis of 3 cases from our cohort and 43 cases from world literature was done. For calculation of prevalence, all reported patients (n = 3063) of cluster 2 were included. We found that the risk of metastasis in cluster 2-related PPGL was 2.6% (2% in RET, 5% in NF1, 4.8% in TMEM127 and 16.7% in MAX variation). In metastatic PCC in MEN2, median age was 39 years, bilateral tumors were present in 71% and median tumor size was 9.7 cm (range 4–19) with 43.5% mortality. All patients had a primary tumor size ≥4 cm. Origin of primary tumor was diagnosed by histopathology of metastatic lesion in 11 (57.9%), 131I-MIBG scan in 6 (31.6%), and selective venous sampling and CT in 1 (5.3%) patient each. In subgroup of neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1), median age was 46 years (range 14–59) with median tumor size 6 cm and 57% mortality. To conclude, the risk of metastatic disease in cluster 2-related PPGL is low, being especially high in tumors with size ≥4 cm and associated with high mortality. One-third patients of NF1 with metastatic PPGL had presented in second decade of life. Long-term studies are needed to formulate management recommendations.
Topmouth culter melanocortin-3 receptor: regulation by two isoforms of melanocortin-2 receptor accessory protein 2
Authors: Ji Ren-Lei , Huang Lu , Wang Yin , Liu Ting , Fan Si-Yu , Tao Min , Tao Ya-Xiong
Published: October 2021

Melanocortin-3 receptor (MC3R) is a regulator of energy homeostasis, and interaction of MC3R and melanocortin-2 receptor accessory protein 2 (MRAP2) plays a critical role in MC3R signaling of mammals. However, the physiological roles of MC3R in teleosts are not well understood. In this study, qRT-PCR was used to measure gene expression. Radioligand binding assay was used to study the binding properties of topmouth culter MC3R (caMC3R). Intracellular cAMP generation was determined by RIA, and caMC3R expression was quantified with flow cytometry. We showed that culter mc3r had higher expression in the CNS. All agonists could bind and stimulate caMC3R to increase dose dependently intracellular cAMP accumulation. Compared to human MC3R, culter MC3R showed higher constitutive activity, higher efficacies, and Rmax to alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), des-α-MSH, and adrenocorticotrophic hormone. Both caMRAP2a and caMRAP2b markedly decreased caMC3R basal cAMP production. However, only caMRAP2a significantly decreased cell surface expression, Bmax, and Rmax of caMC3R. Expression analysis suggested that MRAP2a and MRAP2b might be more important in regulating MC3R/MC4R signaling during larval period, and reduced mc3r, mc4r, and pomc expression might be primarily involved in modulation of MC3R/MC4R in adults. These data indicated that the cloned caMC3R was a functional receptor. MRAP2a and MRAP2b had different effects on expression and signaling of caMC3R. In addition, expression analysis suggested that MRAP2s, receptors, and hormones might play different roles in regulating culter development and growth.
Market transformations in the banking sector of Ukraine: a view through the prism of "non-economic" policy
Authors:   State Educational and Scientific Institution ", Anatoliy Drobiazko ,   Academy of Financial Management"
Published: October 2021

The author analyzes the processes occurring in the banking sector of Ukraine from the standpoint of "non-economic" policy, the theory of which is currently being discussed in modern economics. According to the author, the impact of such a policy does not allow Ukraine to find the optimal strategy for its development, in particular regarding the regulation in the banking sector. One of the reasons for this is the shortage of public administration, which is generally characteristic of countries with economies in transition. It is proved that the NBU's "settlement" of the banking market after 2014 was extremely unsuccessful from an economic point of view. Quantitative estimates of losses suffered by the Ukrainian economy as a result of the campaign to clean up the banking sector during 2014-2016 are presented and analyzed. Through the prism of the typology of "non-economic" policy, the author considers the processes of demonetization of Ukraine's economy and current problems of the national stock market. It is determined that during the reforms in the banking sector, the adoption by the ruling elite, as well as the by the judiciary, of a series of uncalculated and unconsidered decisions poorly consistent with Ukraine’s specific features led to destructive consequences, which affect the long-term development of the country's economy. In addition to economic losses (more than 10 billion USD) and the planting of a ticking bomb under the future lending, the "bankfall" brought about social damage, which is the loss, by the most active segment of the population, of the confidence in the economic strategy proposed by government officials. In recent years, after the crisis of 2014, no banking institutions have been registered, while the number of banks’ separate branches is rapidly declining, along with the corresponding number of jobs. The author concludes that the current practice of selling liquidation assets of bankrupt banks will have a long-term negative effect, because it benefited bad creditors who bought their overdue debt at a discount through third parties, while the most active part of the population (depositors "200+" and small and medium businesses) suffered losses and lost confidence in banks. It is noted that the main reason for Ukraine to choose the "non-economic" policy is the separation of the management decisions from real socio-economic needs. As a result, the economic decisions initiated in this area not only cause material damage, but also hinder this country’s civilizational advancement.
Bank lending in Ukraine and simulation of credit activity by methods of system dynamics
Authors:   National University of Kyiv Mohyla Academy, Svitlana Hlushchenko , Sergiy Ivakhnenkov ,   National University of Kyiv Mohyla Academy, Sofiia Demkiv ,   National University of Kyiv Mohyla Academy
Published: October 2021

The trends of bank crediting of businesses and households in Ukraine are determined and credit interrelations between subjects of economy by means of methods of system dynamics simulated. The article shows that by end 2020 the main trends in the Ukrainian banking sector are: 1) increasing the dynamics of return on capital, consistently high interest rates on loans until 2019 and their declining dynamics in 2020; 2) declining trends in the dynamics of the share of loans in the assets of commercial banks and the indicator of the financial depth of lending to the Ukrainian economy; 3) predominance of the share of loans to businesses in comparison with the share of loans to households in the loan banking portfolio; 4) faster growth rates of bank loans to households compared to the growth rates of lending to businesses; 5) in the sectoral context, the largest share in lending to business units is accounted for by trade and in lending to households – by consumer lending; 6) half of the loan portfolio of commercial banks are short-term loans for up to one year; 7) the share of non-performing loans in the loan portfolio remains high; 8) gradual reduction of non-deposit sources among the liabilities of commercial banks and their transition to almost full financing at the expense of customer deposits; 9) increase in the share of short-term and decrease in the share of long-term deposit financing of commercial banks. Based on the methods of system dynamics, the authors created a model that allows to trace the relationship between commercial banks-businesses-households, as well as to calculate the forecast volumes of bank loans in accordance with the demand for loans from businesses and households (weighted by the maximum value credit load) and supply of credit resources by commercial banks. From a practical point of view, determining the characteristic trends of bank lending, modeling the interaction of its main participants and determining the volume of bank loans using system dynamics helps to identify key factors influencing the supply and demand of bank credit resources at the present stage of Ukraine’s development and predict future lending dynamics.
Development of a cathode resistant to vacuum chamber operation conditions
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Kulahin S.M. , Pysmennyi M.I. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Voronovskyi D.K. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Yurkov B.V. ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University
Published: October 2021

The aim of this work is to develop a thermoemission cathode that would ensure the required operating parameters and remain operable after long, several-day, exposure to the air without any additional ampulization. Cathode thrmoemitter degradation (“poisoning”) processes are overviewed. The problem of degradation of tungsten-barium cathodes is caused by the penetration of chemically active substances (for example, oxygen) into the interior space of a cathode. The “poisoning” process is so complex that it can hardly be simulated by simple theoretical methods. Because of this, the cathode “poisoning” degree under exposure to the atmosphere is usually assessed using experimental data. The analysis of publications on the resistance of cathode emitters to atmospheric exposure showed that one of the most promising solutions to the cathode “poisoning’ problem is the use of an emitter based on barium scandate. A cathode construction diagram was chosen, and a laboratory prototype cathode was made. The current dependence of the discharge voltage at different xenon flow rates and the xenon flow rate dependence of the discharge voltage at different currents were studied experimentally (xenon was the plasma-forming gas). During the trests, the cathode was periodically removed from the vacuuum chamber to inspect it for further use, the maximum duration of continuous exposure to the air was 14 days, and the resets did not reveal any significant change in the performance. The use of barium scandate as an emission-active substance for the thermoemission cathode improved its resistance to atmospheric exposure. The practical use of the cathode developed in experimental studies, for example, in the vacuum chamber of the plasmaelectrodynamic setup of the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, will eliminate frequent cathode replacements, thus significantly speeding up research activities.
Determination of the efficiency of a multiple launch rocket system
Authors:   Yuzhnoye State Design Office, Hladkyi E. , Zavoloka O. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: October 2021

Up-to-date multiple launch rocket systems (MLRSs) are adopted by many countries of the world, and they are an effective weapon against dispersed multiple targets. Developing and upgrading MLRSs calls for estimating their efficiency with the aim to select an optimum alternative. For an MLRS, the basic measure of area target destruction efficiency is the relative damage area. This measure depends on the damage area of the MLRS itself (extent of damage by one salvo). The paper suggests a relative criterion that allow one to estimate and optimize the salvo damage area. The criterion is based on the ratio of the salvo damage area to the maximum damage area and that of the undamaged area to the coverage area. The coverage area is defined as the area of the enveloping convex polygon for all points of missile impact in a salvo. It is shown that the domain of variation of the suggested criterion is the interval [0, 1]. Using the suggested criterion for 4 points of missile impact with a circular damage area, two basic structures are studied: a rhomb (two regular triangles) and a square. For them, optimum distances between the missile impact points that maximize the destruction level are determined. It is shown that the obtained optimum arrangement of missile impact points allows one to bring the extent of damage for the square structure to the more optimum rhomb layout (represents a part of the hexagonal structure, which is the most efficient from the standpoint of the packing problem). For a 16-missile salvo, it is shown that from the standpoint of the suggested criterion there exists an optimum relation between the missile damage area (radius) and the technical scattering parameters. The maximum value of the criterion for a missile salvo with account for the technical spread does not exceed 0.33 and is much lower than the value that can be obtained for the optimum structures (rhomb and square). The paper shows possibilities of using the criterion in deciding on optimum missile impact points with account for various typical targets within a multiple target and missile damage area configurations other than a circle.
Gradient structure and properties of steel castings
Authors:   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kondratyuk S.Ye. , Veis V.I. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Parkhomchuk Z.V. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Shevchenko G.I. ,   Physico-Technological Institute of Metals and Alloys of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: October 2021

The influence of melt overheating in the range of 50-150 °C on the equilibrium liquidus and its cooling rate during crystallization of castings on the formation of macrostructural zones along their cross section, on the change of grain dispersion, dendritic structure characteristics and mechanical properties was investigated on the example of 25L steel. It is established that the macrostructure of castings in the direction of unilateral heat removal as it moves away from the cooled surface consists of four main structural zones - small coaxial crystals, columnar, branched and large coaxial crystals, the length and morphology of which naturally change depending on thermokinetic conditions of crystallization. The decisive role of the cooling rate at significant overheating of the melt to increase the number of crystallization nuclei, the formation of a more dispersed cast structure by increasing the degree of supercooling of the melt during crystallization is shown. The regularities of quantitative characteristics change of microstructure and dendritic structure depending on change of temperature-time parameters of crystallization in different structural zones of castings and their connection with characteristics of mechanical properties of steel are established. On the basis of mathematical processing of experimental data by linear regression analysis interpolation models and their graphical interpretations are obtained, which allow to quantify and predict the change of mechanical properties in different structural zones of gradient castings depending on melt overheating temperature and cooling modes within the investigated factor space. Keywords: gradient structure, structural zones, melt, mechanical properties.
Microstructure and dislocation hardening mechanism of VT8 alloy
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Duriagina Z.A. , Lemishka I.A. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Filimonov O.S. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Trostianchyn A.M. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Kulyk V.V. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Bohun L.I. ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine
Published: October 2021

Specimens of titanium alloy VT8, which is used for the manufacture of gas turbine engine elements, were investigated in the initial state and after fracture toughness testing by methods of transmission electron microscopy and diffraction analysis. The features of the microstructure, structure morphology, the nature of phase distribution and structural components were established. Defects in the crystal structure, the formations of dislocation inhomogeneities and local concentrators of internal stresses were identified using JEM-200CX transmission electron microscope. The scalar dislocation density is determined by the secant method. The study of VT8 titanium alloy samples before and after destruction, which is used for the manufacture of GTE elements, using the methods of transmission electron microscopy and diffraction analysis was made. Microstructural investigations for a detailed analysis of the structure features, morphology and phase formations distribution, as well as their components establishment, the nature of crystal lattice defects, the formation of dislocation inhomogeneities and local concentrators of internal stresses were performed on a JEM-200CX transmission electron microscope. The scalar dislocation density was measured by the secant method. It is shown that the studied samples of VT8 titanium alloy are characterized by a two-phase (α + β) microstructure in the form of large -phase plates, 0.15 ... 0.76 μm in size, interspersed with an insignificant amount of thin-plate β-phase, with a size of 0.04 ... 0.21 μm. Based on scalar dislocation densities, the level of local internal stresses in the places of dislocation accumulations, which are sources of crack formation, was analytically estimated. Dispersed particles of secondary phases characterized by different sizes and different structure morphologies were identified. The calculated dislocation densities and an estimate of the average distance over which they move in the process of deformation are used as the basis for creating a statistical map of localized deformation level indicators in the alloy structural components and on the fracture surface. It is shown that as a result of fracture after testing for low-cycle fatigue, the dislocation density increases, the level of local internal stresses increases, and the formation of a cellular structure in the α- and β-phases and deformation grain-boundary defects occurs. Keywords: VT8 alloy, dislocation structure, microstructure, transmission electron microscopy, local internal stresses.
Women and Diabetes: Preventing Heart Disease in a New Era of Therapies
Authors: Galati Giuseppe , Sabouret Pierre , Germanova Olga , Bhatt Deepak L
Published: October 2021

Despite major advances in cardiovascular research over the past decade, women with type 2 diabetes have a high risk of cardiovascular events. Several factors contribute to the poor prognosis for women, including higher levels of frailty and comorbidities, but their cardiovascular risk is underestimated and there is suboptimal implementation and uptitration of new evidence-based therapies, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Recent studies highlight the need for better management of diabetes in women that can be pursued and achieved in light of recent results from randomised controlled trials demonstrating evidence of the benefits of new therapeutic strategies in improving cardiovascular outcomes and quality of life of women covering the entire cardiovascular continuum. This review critically discusses the multiple benefits for women of new pharmacological treatments, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, sodium–glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors, inclisiran, icosapent ethyl and bempedoic acid in preventing cardiovascular events, and treatments, such as angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors, SGLT2i, vericiguat and omecamtiv mecarbil, for preventing heart failure.
Live-load distribution of an adjacent box-beam bridge: Influence of bridge deck
Authors: Whelchel Ryan T. , Williams Christopher S. , Frosch Robert J.
Published: October 2021

Leaking longitudinal joints are commonly observed in adjacent box-beam bridges and are often associated with an assumed loss of load distribution at the leaking joint. To address the lack of test data and general uncertainty in analyzing deteriorated concrete structures, a series of load tests was conducted to determine the load distribution of a deteriorated adjacent concrete box-beam bridge. Load distribution was investigated for the existing structure with leaking joints as well as for the structure following rehabilitation with a noncomposite reinforced concrete deck. The bridge was tested in four conditions: as built, after removal of the bituminous wearing surface, after the shear keys were disabled, and with a reinforced concrete deck installed. Load distribution was assessed for each condition, and the results were compared with design equations. In addition to assessing load distribution of the existing bridge, the results of this study can serve as support for the use of a concrete deck as a rehabilitation strategy to restore load distribution or function as the primary load distribution mechanism of an adjacent box-beam bridge.
The effects of video gaming on academic effectiveness of higher education students during emergency remote teaching
Authors: Papp Dávid , Győri Krisztina , Kovács Karolina Eszter , Csukonyi Csilla
Published: October 2021

The pandemic caused a new digital scheme of work to be implemented in higher educational institutes to avoid physical contact, which is referred to as emergency remote teaching in the literature (Hodges, Moore, Lockee, Trust, & Bond, 2020). The inevitable consequence of emergency remote teaching (later on ERT) was that the students’ inter-and extra organisational relationships decreased significantly (Pusztai & Győri, 2021). Based on the results of previous studies, we know that the lack of student relationships is strongly related to ineffectiveness (Astin, 1993; Pusztai, 2015; Tinto, 1975), which was also identified during the period of ERT (Pusztai & Győri, 2021). In the current study, firstly, we hypothesised that the students’ social interactions, which were accomplished by video gaming, could compensate for isolation (Pisan, 2007) and improve their effectiveness. Secondly, we hypothesised that video gaming might prove ineffective due to stressful and uncertain periods as well as avoidance of activity. In our study, we applied database analysis (Learning Alone database, N = 677) and half-structured interviews (N = 19). In the quantitative sample, we identified that increased gaming time (compared to the time spent before the pandemic) was related to persistence reduction, whereas similar results were obtained with the reduced playing time. In addition, the interview participants reinforced that they used video gaming as a tool to maintain their relationships during ERT, and they tended to do so in their relationships with other students as well. Thus it can be said that video gaming is an extracurricular activity that could affect academic effectiveness positively and negatively at the same time.
Tonal peaks in the spontaneous speech of vantage level Hungarian learners of Spanish
Authors: Pálvölgyi Kata Baditzné
Published: October 2021

This paper reports on a two-part research project, conducted in order to see how Hungarian learners with at least vantage level of Spanish realize melodic peaks in their Spanish utterances. First, we are focusing on the tonal and distributional characteristics of melodic peaks, taking into consideration the proportion of the rise in f0 with respect to the previous syllable and examining if the affected syllable is lexically stressed. Second, the range of the tonal rise until the first peak of the utterance is analyzed. The method applied in both cases is Cantero Serena’s Prosodic Analysis of Speech (2019), which represents intonation by objectively comparable standardized melodic curves. The differences found in the speech of Hungarian learners as compared to native Spanish speakers have not proved to be significant in the aspects analyzed here. The main finding of the research is that native Spanish speakers tend to realize the first peak of their declarative sentences as the highest f0 point of the utterance, whereas this is less typical in the oral production of Hungarian learners of Spanish.
Conditions for the career development of young people with higher education from a regional perspective
Authors:   dr, Faculty of Economics and Finance, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Poland, Szydlik-Leszczyńska Agata
Published: October 2021

Changes taking place in the contemporary world have stimulated a faster development of knowledge and have led to the need for businesses to adjust to them, including in their expectations towards their employees. Employees and young people have entered a higher level on a larger scale, which has consequently resulted in an influx of a large number of people with higher education into the labour market. The aim of this study is to present the regional conditioning of professional careers and the perspectives for their development based on the case of young people with higher education in the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship. The term professional career has been presented, as well as its stages, the situation of young people, including those with higher education, and factors limiting its development in the region. A professional career is a crucial element in the lives of contemporary humans. It determines their status and, thanks to it, they can develop and fulfil their ambitions. However, the development of a career is hindered in smaller and less developed communities, where there is a shortage of workplaces for people with higher education. It forces young people to migrate to large cities of a metropolitan character, where there are better possibilities of development and higher earnings. This results in a deficit of valuable human capital and in the deepening of the hard demographic and economic situation in the problem region. The article is of a cognitive character, with its research methods being literature studies and statistical data analysis. In order to achieve full comparability, the following study is based on the data available until the end of 2017 because there is some shortage of data for the Świętokrzyskie voivodeship in the following years.
Knowledge-based economy: wealth owners portfolio choices and financialisation. A wealth supply analysis
Authors:   mgr, Department of Organizational Behaviour, Management Institute, Cracow University of Economics, Poland, Valente Riccardo
Published: October 2021

Based on a data and literature analysis as well as autonomous theoretical reasoning and argumentation by the author, the present article discusses the relevance of financialisation and portfolio choice changes under the present phase of development of modern economies. Relying upon the earlier studies by the author which stress that knowledge-based economy can be characterised as a low profitability of investment in physical capital, higher income inequalities, lower physical capital and economic growth rate phase of the development of economic systems, the present work provides variously conceived arguments to support the idea that significant portfolio choice changes by wealth owners are a relevant feature of knowledge-based economy. Some of the implications of the economic theory of the availability of assets other than physical capital and other assets more connected with production needs were thus discussed, pointing out that this leads mainly to the negation of the necessary arrival of mainstream counterbalance mechanisms which support the affirmation of higher physical capital accumulation when higher income inequalities are recorded.
Modern Tendencies of the Use and Development of Drugs of Bacteriophages
Authors: Bakhrushina Elena O. , Anurova Maria N. , Aleshkin Andrey V. , Demina Natalia B. , Krasnyuk Ivan I. , Pyatigorskaya Natalia V. , Beregovykh Valery V.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the main uses of bacteriophages as an alternative or supplement to antibiotic therapy. The authors characterize the drugs of bacteriophages and perfume and cosmetic products containing bacteriophages presented on the pharmaceutical market of the Russian Federation. Prospects and algorithms for the extemporal manufacture of medicinal forms with bacteriophages for personalized therapy, developed in countries of Europe, USA, China, Russian Federation are considered. The analysis of scientific publications on the main international databases shows the interest of the developers in the problem of the creation of new bacteriophages preparations with stable titer in different medicinal forms for routes of medication administration. One of the problems of pharmaceutical development of such products is the insufficient regulatory framework. It was noted that for the first time in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation a general pharmacopaedic article Bacteriophages medicinal-prophylactic and private pharmacopaedic articles about the main bacteriophages and their cocktails produced by the Russian industry were introduced. It has been shown that expansion of the range of medicinal forms and ways of introducing bacteriophages, extemporal manufacture of effective and stable preparations along with their industrial production an attainable task.
Role of Dendritic Cells in the Rheumatic Diseases Pathogenesis: Review
Authors: Kurochkina Yuliya D. , Korolev Maxim A.
Published: October 2021

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells that can as stimulate immune response as suppress immune inflamma tion. Recently the role of DCs in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and the possibility of their application as diagnostic markers and methods of treatment has been studied more and more. It was shown that subpopulations DCs play different role in pathogenesis various autoimmune diseases. Thus, pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis is associated with activity of myeloid DCs and their possibility to present arthritogenic peptides to T-cells. While plasmocytoid DCs are more important in pathogenesis systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis. The review presents the results of the latest registered clinical trials about applications DCs in different autoimmune diseases as well as current ideas about functional features DCs during autoimmune diseases. The existing data confirm their possible use as well as the safety of DC in treatment.
Associated Pathology in Case of Death from Circulatory Circulatory Diseases According to the Analysis of Multiple Causes
Authors: Zubko Aleksandr V. , Sabgayda Tamara P. , Ivanova Alla E. , Evdokushkina Galina N. , Zaporozhchenko Vyacheslav G. , Starodubov Vladimir I.
Published: October 2021

Background.Comorbidity of diseases deteriorates health and often increases the risk of death. Identification of comorbidities with diseases of the circulatory system (DCS) will help find additional measures to increase life expectancy.
Aims to identify causes associated with death from DCS and to analyze their interrelation based on the multiple cause analysis.
Materials and methods.Data on DCS deaths of the Death registration in the Moscow Unified Medical Information and Analytical System (RFS-EMIAS) in 2019 (46 000 deaths) and from April to May 2020 (11 000 deaths) excluding perinatal mortality were analyzed. The association analysis was carried out across groups of the ICD-10 DCS blocks by calculating the corresponding frequency. Effect of SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed in the infected deceased and those free from infection. Comparison was carried out by the Chi-square test.
Results.The following Diseases of the circulatory system are associated with Diabetes mellitus: Hypertension, Coronary heart disease, Cerebrovascular diseases, and Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries. A synergetic effect has been identified in comorbidity with the diseases characterized by high blood pressure and Chronic rheumatic heart diseases, other forms of heart disease(I30I52), Cerebrovascular diseases and Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries; the latter and Coronary heart disease and Cerebrovascular diseases; other forms of heart disease and Mental disorders due to psychoactive substance use; Diseases of veins, lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes and Pulmonary circulation disorders. Effect of the increased risk of death in non-symmetric associations of causes has been detected for comorbidity of Diseases of veins, lymph vessels and lymph nodes and Chronic viral hepatitis; Coronary heart disease and other forms of heart disease; Hypertension and Coronary heart disease; in males comorbidity of Obesity and Hypertension, and Diseases of arteries, arterioles and capillaries and Hypertension. Associations between DCS and their complications have been identified in females: Diseases of veins, lymph vessels and lymph nodes and Phlegmon, and Cerebrovascular diseases and Decubital ulcers.
Conclusion.SARS-CoV-2 increases mortality from Chronic coronary heart disease, ICD-10 I67.8 code for Other specified cerebrovascular diseases and Hypertension in females 1.5-fold. The infection rate in females died from DCS is significantly lower compared to the one in males.
Characteristics of the COVID-19 Epidemiological Situation in the Russian Federation in 2020
Authors: Akimkin Vasiliy G. , Kuzin Stanislav N. , Semenenko Tatyana A. , Ploskireva Antonina A. , Dubodelov Dmitriy V. , Tivanova Elena V. , Pshenichcnaya Natalia Yu. , Kalenskaya Anna V. , Yatsyshina Svetlana B. , Shipulina Olga Yu. , Rodionova Elena N. , Petrova Natalya S. , Soloveva Irina V. , Kvasova Olga A. , Vershinina Marina A. , Mamoshina Marina V. , Klushkina Vitalina V. , Kudryavceva Elena N. , Churilova Nadezhda S. , Panasyuk Yarina V. , Vlasenko Natal'ya V. , Ostroushko Aleksey A. , Balmasov Evgeniy S. , Mosunov Artem V.
Published: October 2021

Background.The COVID-19 epidemic in the Russian Federation, which began in March 2020, caused serious damage to health of the population and led to severe economic losses. By December 28, 2020, 3 078 035 cases of COVID-19 and 55 265 lethal outcomes were registered in the country. The population of all territorial subjects of the country is involved in the epidemic process of COVID-19. The severe epidemiological situation made it necessary to conduct an analysis to identify the factors that determine the high intensity of the epidemic process, as well as the population groups with the highest risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Aims to study the patterns of SARS-CoV-2 spread and the epidemiological features of the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Russian Federation in 2020.
Methods.An epidemiological analysis of the COVID-19 situation in the Russian Federation was carried out to determine the dynamics of morbidity, the gender proportion and age structure of patients, the proportion of hospitalized patients, the ratio of various forms of infection, the social and professional status of patients. Standard methods of descriptive statistics Microsoft Excel and STATISTICA 12.0 (StatSoft, USA) were used for statistical processing. The mean values were estimated with a 95% confidence interval [95% CI] (the exact Klopper Pearson method).
Results.During the observation time (2020), several periods were identified in the dynamics of the new COVID-19 cases detection: the period of importation of SARS-CoV-2 and the increase in morbidity, the period of epidemic decline, the period of autumn growth, the period of sustained high incidence of COVID-19. It was found that people over 70 years of age are the group with the highest risk of infection and a more severe course of COVID-19. The presence of target contingents among social and professional groups of the population, which should include medical workers, retired person, employees of educational institutions, law enforcement agencies, transport, who require special attention and medical and social support, was shown.
Conclusions.The analysis showed that the large-scale spread of COVID-19 requires in-depth epidemiological studies and the development of additional disease control measures, taking into account the dynamics of the incidence of this socially significant infection.
The Value of Trabecular Bone Score in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Kolpakov Konstantin I. , Korolev Maxim A. , Ubshaeva Yuliya B.
Published: October 2021

Background.Trabecular bone score obtained by lumbar spine Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry is a novel and insufficiently explored instrument of accessing trabecular bone quality. One of its promising applications is early diagnostics of osteoporosis (OP) before fragility fractures appear. Meanwhile most of systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases affect bone tissue either directly and indirectly by glucocorticoids consumption. Both factors potentiate OP development and can influence the trabecular bone score. Aimsto evaluate the possibilities of trabecular bone score using in rheumatology. Materials and Methods.Data analysis of domestic and foreign scientific publications. Results and Discussion.Authors of analyzed publications note stable association of low trabecular bone score with vertebral fractures, its correlation with local inflammatory markers in lumbar spine and ankylosing spondylitis structural progression. In most studies trabecular bone score do not have association with systemic inflammatory activity and treatment. Conclusion. Trabecular bone score is effective in OP diagnostics in rheumatic patients, evaluation of local inflammatory activity in the lumbar spine and structural progression of ankylosing spondylitis.
Associação entre a violência e as características socioeconômicas e reprodutivas da mulher
Authors: Leite Franciéle Marabotti Costa , Venturin Bruna , Amorim Maria Helena Costa , Bubach Susana , Gigante Denise Petrucci
Published: October 2021

Resumo Introdução A violência contra a mulher consiste em um importante agravo de saúde pública, com elevada magnitude e impacto na saúde. Objetivo Verificar a associação entre a violência perpetrada por parceiro íntimo ao longo da vida e as características socioeconômicas e reprodutivas da mulher. Método Estudo transversal, realizado em 2014, em 26 unidades de saúde, no município de Vitória, Espírito Santo. Amostra com 991 mulheres, de faixa etária entre 20 e 59 anos, com parceiro íntimo nos 12 meses anteriores à entrevista. Os dados socioeconômicos, as características reprodutivas e os três tipos de violência contra a mulher (psicológica, sexual ou física) foram coletados. Na análise dos dados, foram empregados o teste qui-quadrado, com nível de significância de 5%, e a regressão de Poisson, para obter as razões de prevalência bruta e ajustada para fatores de confusão. Resultados O modelo final ajustado mostrou que a violência física, psicológica e sexual se associou à escolaridade, situação conjugal, recusa do parceiro a usar preservativo nas relações sexuais, número de parceiros sexuais no último ano e número de filhos. A primeira relação sexual forçada permaneceu associada à violência sexual, assim como a idade da coitarca com a violência física e psicológica. Conclusão Prevalências de violência contra a mulher estão associadas a fatores socioeconômicos e reprodutivos.
THE ROLE OF BIG DATA STEWARDSHIP AND ANALYTICS AS ENABLERS OF CORPORATE PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT
Authors: MEDEIROS MAURICIUS M. , MAÇADA ANTONIO C. G. , HOPPEN NORBERTO
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: Digital transformation and big data (BD) have generated a real revolution in data-driven management. While BD improves corporate performance management (CPM), this also implies increasing exposure to risks at various BD’s life cycle stages. As regulatory requirements and the need for database analysis in various business areas increase, the organization must establish definitions, policies, and processes to ensure data quality in order to protect and leverage its data to obtain a competitive advantage. Therefore, understanding data stewardship (DS) and business analytics (BA) is essential for business management. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of BD, DS, and BA as enablers of CPM. Originality/value: We contribute to the theory by conceptualizing, validating, and discussing the DS construct and by highlighting its role together with BA in the relationship between BD and CPM. The evidence in this study indicates that, in practice, DS and BA are critical paths for organizations to obtain better control over the effects that BD can have on business performance management. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was conducted with 312 managers who use big data analytics (BDA) in Brazilian organizations. The data were analyzed through structural equation and mediation tests. Findings: The findings suggest that DS and BA, both alone and jointly, can transmit the BD effect to CPM. However, a better level of model adjustment is obtained when there is a serialized multi-mediation in this relationship, being DS an antecedent to BA.
REASONS FOR PROFESSIONALS TO STAY OR LEAVE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATIONS
Authors: STEIL ANDREA V. , BELLO JANINE S. A. , FREITAS ALINE F. , KRONBAUER JULYA , CUFFA DENISE DE
Published: October 2021

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study describes the reasons for professionals to stay or leave information technology (IT) organizations in Santa Catarina. Originality/value: Technology organizations have experienced challenges in retaining professionals. Therefore, this study contributes to the literature on the subject by presenting the professionals’ perceptions about their reasons for voluntarily staying or leaving these organizations. Design/methodology/approach: Four hundred and forty workers from private technology companies freely answered two open questions in an online questionnaire (survey): “What are the reasons that maintain you working at this company?” and “For what reasons would you leave this company in the future?”. The responses, collected in the second half of 2016, were inductively coded and subsequently aggregated into categories. Findings: The results indicate that the professionals remain in the researched organizations primarily due to occupational (job satisfaction, organizational commitment, proper working conditions and perception of professional growth), organizational (adequate management practices) and environmental reasons (perception that there are no better work alternatives). The professionals surveyed would leave the organizations they currently work, primarily for occupational reasons (lack of job satisfaction and opportunities for professional growth, lack of an outlook on valorization and better working conditions), as well as for organizational (inadequate management practices), environmental (better job alternatives) and individual reasons (career planning). Based on the analysis of these results, an agenda for future research on the investigated topic is presented.