bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Crohn's-Related Rectovaginal Fistula With Allogeneic Expanded-Adipose Derived Stem Cells: A Phase I–IIa Clinical Trial
Authors: García-Arranz Mariano , Herreros Maria Dolores , González-Gómez Carolina , de la Quintana Paloma , Guadalajara Héctor , Georgiev-Hristov Tihomir , Trébol Jacobo , Garcia-Olmo Damián
Published: July 2016

The aim of this clinical trial was to determine the safety and feasibility of expanded allogeneic adipose-derived stem cells to treat Crohn’s-related rectovaginal fistula (CRRVF). We designed a phase I–II clinical trial (https://ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00999115) to treat 10 patients with CRRVF. Patients receiving biological therapy during follow-up were excluded. Curettage was performed, and a vaginal or rectal flap was added if the surgeon considered it necessary. The therapeutic protocol included intralesional injection of 20 million stem cells in the vaginal walls (submucosal area) and fistula tract. Healing was evaluated 12 weeks later. If the fistula had not healed, a second dose of 40 million stem cells was administered. Patient follow-up was 52 weeks from last cell injection. Healing was defined as re-epithelialization of both vaginal and rectal sides and absence of vaginal drainage. Cytokines and immunological blood tests were monitored. Serious adverse events or rejection issues were not observed. Five patients were excluded because biologic drugs were required to treat a Crohn's disease flare-up during follow-up. Cytokine profiles and immunotoxicity assays showed no statistically significant alterations. Sixty percent of the nonexcluded patients achieved a complete healing. Expanded allogeneic adipose-derived stem-cell injection is a safe and feasible therapy for treating CRRVF, and the healing success rate seems promising (60%). The results of this trial encourage further exploration into this therapy.

Significance

This may be the first publication in which allogeneic stem cells to treat rectovaginal fistula in Crohn’s disease seem to be a feasible and safe treatment. Additional studies are necessary to confirm the efficacy profile of the allogeneic stem cells strategy in a controlled design.
Ansvar for egen egn? Kulturhistoriske perspektiver på regionalt udviklingsarbejde
Authors: Høst Jeppe , Radoor Larsen Sille
Published: July 2016

Udviklingen i de danske yderområder debatteres intensivt i disse år. Som vi vil vise i denne artikel, er forsøg på udvikling af yderområder ikke noget entydigt nyt. Flere steder i landet blev der allerede forud for egnsudviklingsloven i 1958 iværksat en række lokale og regionale initiativer, som skulle skabe vækst og udvikling i yderområderne. I artiklen undersøger vi, to danske yderområder, Nordvestjylland og Lolland-Falster, med henblik på at diskutere ”udviklingsarbejdet” som et kulturhistorisk fænomen i tid og rum. Artiklen viser, hvordan private interessenter og kommunale myndigheder – dengang som nu – er engageret i at bevare og fremtidssikre deres by, område og livsgrundlag, og hvordan forudsætningerne for ”det gode liv” i yderområderne hele tiden forsøges skabt i relation til det omgivende samfund. Et tilbagevendende spørgsmål er derfor, hvordan skiftende offentlige myndigheder har forholdt sig til regional udvikling og gjort ”det gode liv” i yderområderne til en integreret del af det statslige ansvarsområde?
Animal/Humano: Plessner, Blumenberg, Derrida
Authors: Villacañas Berlanga José Luis
Published: July 2016

Este trabajo explora el último pensamiento de Jacques Derrida alrededor de la diferencia antropológica y la cuestión del animal en convergencia con el despliegue de la misma cuestión en el pensamiento de Hans Blumenberg, desplegado también en su último libro Beschreibung des Menschen. La finalidad última del ensayo es la de recoger la crítica inicial que ambos pensadores (junto con Helmut Plessner, muy interesado en los mismos problemas) pueden dirigir al pensamiento de Heidegger sobre la diferencia ontológica, dominante en todo el pensamiento contemporáneo.
Vilém Flusser: pós-história e biopolítica
Authors: Brayner de Farias André
Published: July 2016

O artigo propõe uma aproximação entre o conceito de pós-história de Vilém Flusser e o conceito de biopolítica de Michel Foucault. No foco da análise está o problema da objetivação científica do ser humano. O conhecimento objetivo da ciência médica não está condicionado ao reconhecimento ético do ser humano. Ao máximo conhecimento corresponderia o mínimo reconhecimento. Tal situação caracteriza a crise da nossa ciência. Este trabalho analisa a situação como ponto de convergência entre a pós-história e a biopolítica.
Analítica e Dialética na primeira Filosofia de Fichte
Authors: Geraldo Martins Da Cunha João
Published: July 2016

A primeira parte deste artigo mostra que tanto A. Philonenko quanto T. Rockomore, cada um a seu modo e por vias bastante distintas, parecem relativizar a importância dos ‘princípios’ da Doutrina da ciência. Num caso como no outro, em termos muito gerais, talvez pudéssemos dizer que a relação Kant-Fichte seria avaliada em função da dialética da primeira Crítica, tanto porque o uso da lógica geral como órganon só pode ser dialético, quanto porque a natureza hipotética da argumentação de Fichte deve nos levar a uma interpretação não fundacionista de sua Doutrina-da-ciência. A segunda parte deste trabalho, em contraposição a essas leituras, analisara três textos de Fichte a fim de indicar que seria possível defender uma intepretação da Doutrina-da-ciência como uma espécie de aprofundamento da transcendentalização da lógica operada por Kant na primeira Crítica. Essa análise, nos limites deste trabalho, só poderá ser indicativa e esquemática; mas isso não impede, a meu ver, que ela possa sugerir uma chave frutífera para desenvolvimentos futuros.
A ontologia performativa de Fichte
Authors: Bertinetto Alessandro
Published: July 2016

Que contribuição a filosofia de Fichte pode dar à ontologia? Fichte posicionou-se claramente contra a ontologia enquanto descrição dos entes, isto é, contra a ontologia descritiva. A doutrina da ciência desenvolve pois uma ontologia prescritiva que pode ser entendida como um tipo de “ontologia performativa”.
Heidegger’s ontic relatedness: Pros ti and Mitsein
Authors: Candiotto Laura
Published: July 2016

Relational structure is a primitive notion of Heidegger’s Dasein. By analyzing the concept of pros-ti as it emerges from the Heidegger’s 1924 course dedicated to Plato’s Sophist, I outline the Platonic and Aristotelic roots of Heideggerian Mitsein. Arguably the Mitsein makes explicit the instances of the pros ti — in other words, the instances of Aristotle’s concept of relatedness/intentionality that Heidegger ascribes to Plato’s heteron — but giving them an existential value, having Heidegger pursued the shift from realism to phenomenologyexistentialism. The article concludes by emphasizing the relevance of these themes for social ontology.
Modernity and human rights: beyond a simple association
Authors: Danner Leno Francisco
Published: July 2016

Beginning with the Jürgen Habermas’ reconstruction of a normative model of European cultural modernity as basis to a contemporary notion of epistemological-moral universalism as condition to critic, to integration and to intervention, which leads to the affirmation that democracy and human rights represent the modernity’s fundamental legacy, I will discuss that such theoretical reconstruction only can be possible from a historical-sociological blindness which is based on the separation between a normative notion of European cultural modernity and the Realpolitik of colonialism – just from this theoretical-political standpoint it is possible to sustain a universalistic normative paradigm which is capable to ground the criticism, the integration and the intervention of all social-cultural contexts, which means that modern culture and normativism can serve as medium and guide of all particular cultures, at least in a strong way. Against that optimistic role of the Habermasian normative model of European cultural modernity, I will argue that democracy and human rights as modernity’s legacy have basically two tasks in the contemporary Realpolitik: first, to restrain the modernity’s totalizing tendency to rationalization and to globalization, i.e. its movement of assimilation of all cultures and societies in a model of epistemological, cultural and economic universalism; and to ground an international institutional politics based on the social-economic reparation for the colonialism, which implies in a universalistic extension of the social rights to all people in the world (for example, the Philippe van Parijs’ idea of basic income).
Direitos sociais e cidadania
Authors: Pinzani Alessandro
Published: July 2016

O presente texto tenta oferecer uma fundamentação dos direitos sociais quer a partir de uma perspectiva neoliberal, quer a partir de uma visão mais substantiva de cidadania. Ao mesmo tempo, contudo, será salientada a diferença entre as duas posições apresentadas e defendida a segunda. Na primeira parte será discutira a noção hayekiana de Grande Sociedade, que representa um avatar da ideia de sociedade característica da tradição liberal. Em seguida, se chegará a uma visão mais substantiva e robusta da sociedade organizada politicamente na forma-Estado e se mostrará a necessidade de políticas de inclusão, entendida não somente em sentido socioeconômico, mas também em sentido político e civil. A tese central é a de que a garantia de direitos sociais amplos é necessária quer para a estabilidade da sociedade, quer para legitimar as instituições de tal sociedade.
Variantes e Invariantes de las memorias colectivas y emblemáticas en el contexto latinoamericano: el caso chileno
Authors: Bork Vega Adela
Published: July 2016

Este artículo trata acerca de las memorias sociales y emblemáticas como entidades estructurales y de procesos, obtenidas a propósito de la violación de los derechos humanos en la región latinoamericana, en general, y de Chile, en particular. Las memorias emblemáticas son procesos sociales vinculados a contextos de reflexividad orientados a identificar la historicidad de los colectivos humanos. Los países de la región, producto de las dictaduras militares en la décadas del 60 y 70, sufrieron el de reconstrucción de las memorias sociales ha logrado aportar a los procesos de justicia y de re-significación de esta parte de la historia en el pasado reciente.
Heidegger e o mito da conspiração judaica mundial
Authors: Soares Santos Eder
Published: July 2016

Tradução Soraya Guimarães. Rio de Janeiro: Mauad, 2015.
As traduções da Bíblia publicadas pela Sociedade Bíblica do Brasil: breve histórico e características
Authors: Scholz Vilson
Published: July 2016

Fundada em 1948 para dar continuidade à obra de distribuição da Bíblia no Brasil, que havia sido iniciada por outras sociedades bíblicas, a Sociedade Bíblica do Brasil distribui duas edições da tradução de Almeida, a Tradução Brasileira e a Nova Tradução na Linguagem de Hoje. Cada um desses textos tem a sua história e as suas características. O propósito deste artigo é apresentar brevemente a história e as características de cada uma dessas traduções.
High-peak-power sub-nanosecond intracavity KTiOPO4 optical parametric oscillator pumped by a dual-loss modulated laser with acousto-optic modulator and single-walled carbon nanotube
Authors: Qiao Junpeng , Zhao Shengzhi , Yang Kejian , Zhao Jia , Li Guiqiu , Li Dechun , Li Tao , Qiao Wenchao , Lu Jianren , Wang Yonggang , Chu Hongwei , Luan Chao
Published: July 2016

A high-peak-power low-repetition-rate sub-nanosecond intracavity KTiOPO4 (KTP) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped by a doubly Q-switched and mode-locked (QML) YVO4/Nd:YVO4 laser with an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) and a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber (SWCNT-SA) has been demonstrated. A maximum output power of 373 mW at a signal wavelength of 1570 nm was obtained. The smallest pulse width, highest pulse energy, and greatest peak power of mode-locking pulses were estimated to be 119 ps, 124 µJ, and 1.04 MW, respectively, under a maximum incident pump power of 8.3 W and an AOM repetition rate of 2 kHz. This OPO operation paves a simple way to produce eye-safe laser sources at 1570 nm with low repetition rates, small pulse widths, and high peak powers.
The expression of YAP1 and other transcription factors contributes to lineage plasticity in combined small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Jimbo Naoe , Ohbayashi Chiho , Fujii Tomomi , Takeda Maiko , Mitsui Suguru , Tanaka Yugo , Itoh Tomoo , Maniwa Yoshimasa
Published: September 2024

Lineage plasticity in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) causes therapeutic difficulties. This study aimed to investigate the pathological findings of plasticity in SCLC, focusing on combined SCLC, and elucidate the involvement of YAP1 and other transcription factors. We analysed 100 surgically resected SCLCs through detailed morphological observations and immunohistochemistry for YAP1 and other transcription factors. Component‐by‐component next‐generation sequencing (n = 15 pairs) and immunohistochemistry (n = 35 pairs) were performed on the combined SCLCs. Compared with pure SCLCs (n = 65), combined SCLCs (n = 35) showed a significantly larger size, higher expression of NEUROD1, and higher frequency of double‐positive transcription factors (p = 0.0009, 0.04, and 0.019, respectively). Notably, 34% of the combined SCLCs showed morphological mosaic patterns with unclear boundaries between the SCLC and its partner. Combined SCLCs not only had unique histotypes as partners but also represented different lineage plasticity within the partner. NEUROD1‐dominant combined SCLCs had a significantly higher proportion of adenocarcinomas as partners, whereas POU2F3‐dominant combined SCLCs had a significantly higher proportion of squamous cell carcinomas as partners (p = 0.006 and p = 0.0006, respectively). YAP1 expression in SCLC components was found in 80% of combined SCLCs and 62% of pure SCLCs, often showing mosaic‐like expression. Among the combined SCLCs with component‐specific analysis, the identical TP53 mutation was found in 10 pairs, and the identical Rb1 abnormality was found in 2 pairs. On immunohistochemistry, the same abnormal p53 pattern was found in 34 pairs, and Rb1 loss was found in 24 pairs. In conclusion, combined SCLC shows a variety of pathological plasticity. Although combined SCLC is more plastic than pure SCLC, pure SCLC is also a phenotypically plastic tumour. The morphological mosaic pattern and YAP1 mosaic‐like expression may represent ongoing lineage plasticity. This study also identified the relationship between transcription factors and partners in combined SCLC. Transcription factors may be involved in differentiating specific cell lineages beyond just ‘neuroendocrine’.
Widely used screen for cognition gets poor score in AUD cases
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: September 2024

Accurately measuring cognitive impairment in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) can make a huge difference for treatment, both in identifying patients at high risk for dropout and tailoring interventions to individuals' abilities. Newly published research suggests, however, that a popular screening tool designed to bypass the need for a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment falls short in detecting cognitive impairment in AUD.
Parity final rule tells insurers to stop using NQTLs
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: September 2024

The final rule amending NQTL (non‐quantitative treatment limitation) standards for parity of substance use disorder (SUD) and mental health was issued by the federal government last week. The NQTL standards are key — more than 15 years after the parity law (MHPAEA) was enacted, finally, the backdoor method that insurance companies have been using to deny care has been closed. This backdoor involves non‐quantitative — meaning not day or dollar — treatment limitations, such as fail‐first (also known as step therapy in which patients are required to fail at one kind of less expensive treatment before payment is authorized for another recommended but more expensive kind).
Enhancing Built‐In Electric Field via Defect‐Mediated Interfacial Chemical Bond Construction in Chalcogenide Heterojunction for Alcohol Photooxidation Coupled with H2 Production
Authors: Han Yi‐Wen , Chu Yu‐Ting , Ye Lei , Gong Tian‐Jun , Lu Xue‐Bin , Fu Yao
Published: September 2024

Rationally designing nanostructures based on an adequate understanding of structure‐performance relationships is key for directional charge transfer regulation in heterojunction photocatalysts. A general strategy is developed for synthesizing bifunctional Sv‐chalcogenide/Ti3C2 Schottky junctions (Sv = sulfur vacancies, chalcogenides containing CdS, CdIn2S4, ZnIn2S4, ZnS, CuInS2) featuring a giant built‐in electric field (BIEF) via defect‐mediated heterocomponent anchorage, which consists of sulfur vacancy modulation of chalcogenides and Ti3C2 nanoparticle anchoring at defects via interfacial Metal─Oxygen (M─O) bonds. These heterojunctions have the distinctive interface structure of semicoherent phase boundaries and a directionally aligned BIEF pointing from chalcogenides to Ti3C2. The enhanced BIEF creates an asymmetrical charge distribution, which not only governs the charge migration behavior by enabling charge carrier localization and delocalized electron transport continuity but also regulates the molecular catalytic behavior by optimizing pivotal intermediate adsorption/activation (*Ar‐CH(R2)‐OH in dehydrogenation and H* in H2 evolution) in selective alcohol photooxidation coupled with H2 generation. Encouragingly, Sv‐chalcogenide/Ti3C2 exhibits unprecedented performance (up to 13.34‐fold higher efficiency than unmodulated chalcogenides) and good substrate compatibility for various alcohols. This work demonstrates the synergistic effects of surface electron density control and interfacial interaction modulation in regulating BIEFs, elucidating the substantial impact of reinforced BIEF on carrier transport properties and molecular catalytic behavior.
Unique Energy‐Storage Behavior Driven by High Entropy in Metallic Glasses
Authors: Wang Lingling , Shi Feilong , Shen Yuwen , Fei Ting , Chu Wei , Wang Zheng , Hu Lina
Published: September 2024

The rejuvenation or energy‐storage behavior in metallic glasses (MGs) has been extensively explored for its theoretical and practical significance. However, very limited research focuses on the rejuvenation of high entropy metallic glasses (HEMGs), leaving uncertainties about how configurational entropy influences this process. In this study, cryogenic temperature cycling (CTC) is utilized to unlock the rejuvenation potential of a series of La‐based MGs with different entropy values. Comparative analysis of these MGs reveals that increased entropy boosts the maximum rejuvenation degree from 37% to 65% and widens the range of energy states where rejuvenation occurs. The changed rejuvenation behavior induced by entropy increase, which has never been reported other studies, are related to glass's structures, fragility and coupling degree between β and α relaxations. Besides, a new rejuvenation mechanism is revealed in HEMGs, which differs significantly from unrestricted growth and interconnection of flow units observed in most MGs. The atomic motion in HEMGs is confined within the icosahedral backbone network during CTC. Surprisingly, this local motion can propagate through strong interactions between adjacent atoms, facilitating the activation of α relaxation. These discoveries offer novel approaches to tune energy‐storage behavior of MGs by modulating icosahedral network structures through entropy control.
Piezoelectric Ceramic Hardening Through Defect Distribution Optimization in Multicomponent Systems
Authors: Liu Jianning , Zhang Dongyan , Yan Yangxi , Li Zhimin , Li Fei , Yang Sen
Published: September 2024

Acceptor doping is a common method for hardening modified piezoelectric ceramics. The mechanism through which the hardening effect can be improved has been widely studied and verified. However, the effect of defects caused by different valence states of the B‐site ions on the properties of multicomponent piezoelectric ceramics remains to be discussed. Therefore, in this work, a novel Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(Mn1/3Nb1/2)–PbTiO3 quaternary hard ceramic with excellent performance is prepared and studied. The interaction between grain‐boundary defects and defect dipoles is proposed to be the mechanism behind the observed excellent performance. It is found that different types of defects improve the hardening effect in various ways. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of multicomponent piezoelectric ceramics with better properties.
Novel Type of Non‐Toxic, Degradable, Luminescent Ratiometric Thermometers Based on Dyes Embedded in Disulfide‐Bridged Periodic Mesoporous Organosilica Particles
Authors: Premcheska Simona , Lederer Mirijam , Mohanty Sonali , Alici Ayse , Skirtach Andre G. , Kaczmarek Anna M.
Published: September 2024

Despite the excellent thermometric performance of many developed luminescent nanomaterials, their use has not gone beyond proof‐of‐concept in vivo experiments to date. An important issue that needs to be resolved before moving toward true biomedical applications of engineered nanothermometers is their potential toxicity and bioaccumulation in the human body considering the ultimate objective of clinical applications. Since most reported nanothermometers currently are not degradable materials and are mainly based on the incorporation of heavy metal ions, these aspects remain of genuine concern in the fields of nanomedicine, nanobiotechnology, nanotoxicology, and nanopharmacology. This work explores the possibility of designing visible, as well as near‐infrared, emitting luminescent ratiometric nanothermometers based on appropriate organic dye mixtures embedded in hollow disulfide‐bridged periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) particles. Such hybrid particles show excellent thermometric performance in the physiological temperature range (20–50 °C), favorable degradability in simulated physiological conditions, as well as no toxicity to healthy normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells in a wide concentration range. Considering the simplicity of the approach from the synthetic point of view, and the large available library of known fluorescent dyes emitting in various regions of the electromagnetic range, this motif renders a very promising approach to designing novel non‐toxic, decomposable, luminescent ratiometric thermometers.
Effects of Combining Dion‐Jacobson and Ruddlesden‐Popper Spacers on the Photophysics of Quasi‐2D Perovskites
Authors: Einhaus Lisanne M. , Zhang Xiao , Korterik Jeroen P. , Mul Guido , ten Elshof Johan E. , Huijser Annemarie
Published: September 2024

Quasi‐2D lead‐halide perovskites consist of conducting inorganic layers with tunable thickness (n) separated by large organic spacer cations. Typically, domains with different n and bandgaps are formed within a single film. Here, the crystallization of the films is tuned by mixing Dion‐Jacobson (DJ) with Ruddlesden‐Popper (RP) spacer cations. Compared to the quasi‐2D perovskite film based on solely the DJ type spacer 1,4‐phenylenedimethylammonium (PDMA), a film with less defects and more vertically aligned crystallization is achieved by addition of the RP type spacer propylammonium (PA). As the film structure plays an important role in the photophysics, time‐resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and femtosecond transient absorption (TA) are used to investigate the impact of mixing these spacer cations on the dynamics of hot carrier cooling, the occurrence and directionality of energy or electron transfer between the different domains, and the exciton and charge carrier dynamics. Exciton transfer from low‐n to high‐n domains occurs at a favorable faster rate for the PDMA‐based film (0.0640 ps−1) compared to the PA‐based film (0.0365 ps−1), while the mixed spacer film demonstrates intermediate behavior (0.0473 ps−1). This study facilitates the design of advanced materials with optimized photophysical characteristics for a next generation of optoelectronic devices.
Recent Advances in Grating Coupled Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
Authors: Murugan Divagar , Tintelott Marcel , Narayanan Madaboosi S. , Vu Xuan‐Thang , Kurkina Tetiana , Rodriguez‐Emmenegger César , Schwaneberg Ulrich , Dostalek Jakub , Ingebrandt Sven , Pachauri Vivek
Published: September 2024

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a key technique in developing sensor platforms for clinical diagnostics, drug discovery, food quality, and environmental monitoring applications. While prism‐coupled (Kretschmann) SPR remains a “gold‐standard” for laboratory work‐flows due to easier fabrication, handling and high through put, other configurations such as grating‐coupled SPR (GC‐SPR) and wave‐guide mode SPR are yet to fulfil their technology potential. This work evaluates the technical aspects influencing the performance of GC‐SPR and reviews recent progress in the fabrication of such platforms. In principle, the GC‐SPR involves the illumination of the plasmonic metal film with periodic gratings to excite the surface plasmons (SP) via diffraction‐based phase matching. The real performance of the GC‐SPR is, however, heavily influenced by the topography of the grating structures produced via top‐down lithography techniques. This review discusses latest in approaches to achieve consistent plasmonic gratings with uniform features and periodicity over a large scale and explores the choice of plasmon‐active and substrate material for enhanced performance. The review also provides insights into the different GC‐SPR measurement configurations and highlights on opportunities with their potential applications as biosensors with translational capabilities.
Mn2+‐Doped Hybrid Halides with Excitation‐Dependent Tricolor Luminescence for All‐Optical Logic Gate Operations
Authors: Wang Yuzhen , Zhu Qian , Jin Jiance , Liao Wei , Xia Zhiguo
Published: September 2024

All‐optical logic gates (AOLGs) have attracted considerable attention for their high computing speed, low power consumption, and parallel processing; however, chemical design of new luminescent materials is a challenge to explore a facile platform for undertaking AOLGs. Here, an AOLG system is developed based on the organic–inorganic hybrid halides [NH3(CH2)2NH3]2ZnCl6:Mn2+ with tricolor luminescence under dual‐wavelength excitation, and the intrinsic emission mechanisms are further addressed. When employing 275 and 365 nm UV excitations as input signals, the AOLGs conduct Boolean operations “OR, YES, AND” via identifying the green (G) and red (R) emissions and their intensity ratio (R/G) as output signals. This work further demonstrates the AOLG operation imaging and image processing via hybrid halide emitters, indicating promise in optical computing applications.
Sustainable Synthesis of D‐Glucose Based IL: A Renewable Organo Catalyst for the Efficient Synthesis of Dihydropyrano Coumarins
Authors: P Krishnaraj , Chacko Treesa Mary , Bhulakshmi Sathi , Lin Chun‐Cheng , Reddy Sabbasani Rajasekhara
Published: September 2024

A convenient, direct, one‐pot highly efficient microwave‐assisted synthesis of biomass‐derived D‐glucose‐based hydroxide ionic liquid via a simple three‐step approach has been described. The key features of the method include rapidness, eco‐friendliness, and excellent yields. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first methodology for synthesizing D‐Glucose‐based sugar ionic liquid (GSIL) under microwave irradiation. The developed catalyst allowed us to synthesize diverse dihydropyrano[3,2‐c]‐chromenes upto 95 % yield in 30‐90 min stirring at 80 °C under mild conditions. The scope of the study was investigated using 30 instances. Developed GSIL exhibited excellent catalytic activity as well as good recyclability. Overall, the catalyst showed excellent value in green chemistry parameters such as atom economy (95 %), E‐factor (0.05), carbon efficiency (100 %), process mass intensity (1.62), and reaction mass efficiency (0.860).
Sulfonated carbon–based heterogeneous acid catalysts in direct biomass redox flow fuel cell: A review
Authors: Ugwu Boniface Ifeanyi , Akalezi Christogonus Oduney , Ike Innocent Sunday , Ogbulie Toochukwu Eqwutosi , Oguzie Emeka Emmanuel
Published: September 2024

This review focused on the potential applications of sulfonated carbon–based heterogeneous acid catalysts for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) fuel feedstock and the development of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for the direct biomass redox flow fuel cell (DBRFFC). LCBs are hydrolysed to yield simple sugars, which are subsequently oxidized over catalysts in the anode tank of the DBRFFC to generate electricity. Ferric chloride used as a catalyst in the DBRFFC is not efficient for glucose production from LCB, such that the power performance of the DBRFFC is affected during glucose oxidation due to low glucose yield from LCB for electron generation. Sulfonated carbon–based solid acid catalysts (SCSACs) have been established as efficient catalysts for the hydrolysis of LCB and as metal catalyst supports for the fabrication of MEA for further oxidation of glucose and its oxidation by‐products. These capabilities of SCSACs can be explored and applied to significantly improve the power output of the DBRFFC through efficient hybrid catalyst design. There is still a scarcity of literature on this subject and their combination with ferric chloride to enhance glucose yield and oxidation in DBRFFC. This gap was filled by discussing the various types of sulfonated carbon–based catalysts, highlighting their synthesis routes, and their applications in organic compound synthesis, and membrane electrode development in DBRFFC. The knowledge derived will certainly be beneficial to researchers willing to improve the performance of DBRFFC through molecular catalyst design and electrode membrane development for application in DBRFFC.
Developing teacher professional capital: A case study of Master Teacher Studios in Zhejiang province, China
Authors: Zhang Meng , Qian Haiyan , Walker Allan
Published: September 2024

The concept of ‘professional capital’, which consists of human, social, and decisional capital, has been adopted in many countries to guide teacher development and school practice. However, more empirical research needs to be conducted to understand the concept in the Chinese context. The study investigates how teachers accumulate their professional capital in Master Teacher Studios (MTSs), a cross‐school teacher professional learning community in China. The study adopts a qualitative case study approach. Interviews, observation, and document analysis were employed to collect data from 10 MTSs in Zhejiang province, China. Ten MTS hosts and 28 studio members were selected as research participants. A combination of inductive and deductive coding approaches helped identify specific practices related to the three components of professional capital. Teachers in MTSs develop their human capital with increased professional competence, professional achievements and reputations, as well as enhanced confidence and open mindsets. Regarding social capital, teachers benefit from harmonious interpersonal relationships within MTSs to win peer support, from stronger social ties to learn from experts, and access more visible opportunities to display themselves professionally. They also enhance their decisional capital in the critical areas of teaching research (jiaoyan) and leadership issues. The study reveals specific practices associated with professional capital in the Chinese context where interpersonal relationships (guanxi) and cooperation are particularly emphasised, contributing to theory development. The study also describes how teacher leaders contribute to developing teacher professional capital, which may contribute to understanding teacher‐led professional learning.
Reshaping curriculum adaptation in the age of artificial intelligence: Mapping teachers' AI‐driven curriculum adaptation patterns
Authors: Karataş Fatih , Eriçok Barış , Tanrikulu Lokman
Published: September 2024

A national curriculum cannot be uniformly applied in all classrooms. Educators frequently adapt the official curriculum to suit their particular circumstances. In exploring the interplay between artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and curriculum adaptation in education, this study bridges a significant gap in the literature by exploring how AI tools influence teachers' strategies for adapting curricula. Employing an explanatory sequential design, the research analyses both qualitative and quantitative data from 440 teachers, using the Curriculum Adaptation Patterns Scale and focus group semi‐structured interviews. Results indicate a balanced approach among teachers towards extending and revising the curriculum, with less emphasis on omission. Notably, curriculum adaptation practices evolve positively with increased professional experience, differ across disciplines, but remain constant across school levels and educational levels. Qualitatively, teachers reported positive experiences using AI, particularly ChatGPT, to make their lessons better fit students' needs. They've used it to omit parts that aren't needed, add more relevant and personalised content, and revise or replace the content. The findings highlight AI's transformative potential in curriculum adaptation, making education more engaging, relevant and personalised. The study contributes to understanding how AI can support effective curriculum implementation and enhance learning experiences in the digital age.
Innovative UPLC technique for concurrent quantification of etofenamate and benzyl nicotinate in the presence of methylparaben and benzyl alcohol in their topical cream: Greens, white, and Six Sigma methodologies
Authors: Mahmoud Osama A. , Omran Ahmed A. , Gomaa Hosni A. , Binsaleh Ammena Y. , Mohamed Mahmoud A.
Published: September 2024

The efficacious treatment of muscle and joint pain relies heavily on etofenamate (ETO) and benzyl nicotinate (BN), which possess robust anti‐inflammatory and pain‐relieving properties when paired with methylparaben (MP) or benzyl alcohol (BA). In this study, we have established and validated innovative RP‐UPLC methods for assessing ETO and BN in the presence of MP or BA in their dosage forms, employing eight green tools to evaluate their eco‐friendliness and effectiveness. Reversed phase‐ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐UPLC) technique employs a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min on Waters Acquity UPLC BEH Column (C18, 1.7 μm, 100 mm × 2.1 mm), detection at 254 nm using a photo diode array (PDA) detector and mobile phase of 0.05 M KH2PO4 buffer, acetonitrile, and methanol (50:15:35, v/v/v) adjusted pH 6.0 with 0.2% triethylamine. For ETO, BN, MP, and BA, the calibration curves were linear and ranged from 0.005 to 1.0, from 0.001 to 0.2, from 0.002 to 0.08, and from 0.0001 to 0.1 mg/mL, respectively. The correlation value was 0.9999, and the accuracy findings ranged from 98.81% to 100.56%. Consequently, the methodology has been successfully implemented in assay testing for the pharmaceuticals in the presence of the MP or BA, demonstrating the high selectivity of these approaches. The present study presents the Blue Applicability Grade Index (BAGI), an innovative approach that complements green metrics in practical white analytical chemistry. According to the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) criteria, the procedures were effectively validated.
Parental involvement in school and school victimization in Taiwan: The mediating role of quality of student‐teacher relationships
Authors: Chen Ji‐Kang , Yang Hexin , Wu Chaoyue , Lin Chung‐Ying , Wang Li‐Chih
Published: September 2024

A link between parental involvement in school and student victimization in school is often assumed, but empirical studies have shown inconsistent results. Research suggests that the quality of student‐teacher relationships could potentially serve as a crucial mediating factor in the link between parental school involvement and student victimization in school. However, the proposition in question lacks sufficient empirical evidence to substantiate it. This paper examines how parental school involvement indirectly influences student victimization by peers and teachers in school mediated via the quality of student‐teacher relationships. Additionally, it further investigates sex differences in the patterns of relationships among parental school involvement, quality of student‐teacher relationships, and student victimization by peers and teachers in school. Data were derived from a nationally representative sample of 934 junior high school students and their parents/caregivers in Taiwan. The results revealed that parental school involvement had a nonsignificant direct association with school victimization by peers and teachers, but a significant indirect association with both types of school victimization mediated via the quality of student‐teacher relationships. These findings are applicable to both boys and girls. To reduce school victimization, policies and intervention programs could consider promoting parental school involvement and the quality of student‐teacher relationships.
Two in One Gram Negative Antibacterial Agent and Organic Dye Photocatalyst from Green Synthesized Ocimum Sanctum‐Based N and O Co‐Doped Carbon Dot Silver Nanocomposite
Authors: Elizabeth Roy Rinu , K S Nanda , Salim Sajna , Sugathan Shiburaj , John Arun
Published: September 2024

This study reports, successful synthesis of Oxygen(O) and Nitrogen(N) co‐doped Ocimum Sanctum plant‐based or tulsi carbon dots‐silver nanoparticle nanocomposites (TCD‐AgNP) for the development of an efficient, highly active, low‐cost fingerprint antibacterial agent against gram‐negative organisms and a highly efficient photocatalyst for the degradation of methylene blue (MB). Green synthesized, high quantum yield (47 %), intensely blue fluorescent, highly stable N and O co‐doped TCDs from carbonization technique of tulsi leaves is achieved without any chemical treatment or surface fascination which could act as an efficient green reducing agent for the development green TCD‐AgNP nanocomposites. The novelty and advantage of this study is the development of highly stable, blue fluorescent, high quantum yield (40 %) environmental ‐friendly TCD‐AgNP nanocomposite through reduction method by using green TCDs. TCD‐AgNP nanocomposites were synthesized by varying the concentrations of AgNO3 into a fixed amount of green TCDs. Spectrochemical characteristics of synthesized TCDs and TCD‐AgNP nanocomposites were investigated through UV−Vis absorbance, Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Zeta potential measurements confirming excellent fluorescence, unique stability and effective O and N doping. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) images confirms that the synthesized TCDs and TCD‐AgNP nanocomposites were spherical in shape with an average size of 6.3 nm and 11.5 nm respectively. The antibacterial studies proved that TCD‐AgNP nanocomposites ware highly effective against Gram‐negative (Serratia marcescens, E. coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) microbial organisms and showed zones of inhibition 12, 9 and 18 mm as compared to streptomycin sulphate. Besides, TCD‐AgNP nanocomposite was used as a photocatalyst for the degradation of MB (10 ppm) under sunlight irradiation for regular intervals of time at room temperature with a photodegradation efficiency of 95.63 % and a photocatalytic rate constant of 0.0195 min−1.
A Thermostable Heme Protein Fold Adapted for Stereoselective C−H Bond Hydroxylation Using Peroxygenase Activity
Authors: Das Tuhin , Hayball Eva F. , Harlington Alix C. , Bell Stephen G.
Published: September 2024

Thermostable protein folds of natural and synthetic origin are highly sought‐after templates for biocatalyst generation due to their enhanced stability to elevated temperatures which overcomes one of the major limitations of applying enzymes for synthesis. Cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are a family of heme‐thiolate monooxygenases that catalyse the oxidation of their substrates in a highly stereo‐ and regio‐selective manner. The CYP enzyme (CYP107PQ1) from the thermophilic bacterium Meiothermus ruber binds the norisoprenoid β‐ionone and was employed as a scaffold for catalyst design. The I‐helix was modified to convert this enzyme from a monooxygenase into a peroxygenase (CYP107PQ1QE), enabling the enantioselective oxidation of β‐ionone to (S)‐4‐hydroxy‐β‐ionone (94 % e.e.). The enzyme was resistant to 20 mM H2O2, 20 % (v/v) of organic solvent, supported over 1700 turnovers and was fully functional after incubation at 60 °C for 1 h and 30 °C for 365 days. The reaction was scaled‐up to generate multi milligram quantities of the product for characterisation. Overall, we demonstrate that sourcing a CYP protein fold from an extremophile enabled the design of a highly stable enzyme for stereoselective C−H bond activation only using H2O2 as the oxidant, providing a viable strategy for future biocatalyst design.
A self‐insertion of the styrofoam in urinary bladder and literature review
Authors: Chen HongJie , Han Yaodong , Li Wu , Zhang Jun , Liang Zhong
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical Message

A self‐insertion of the styrofoam in urinary bladder is relatively rare. The diagnosis might be missed due to concealing the history of self‐insertion of the foreign body and the presence of gas in the bladder on CT and MRI. Younger patients with lower urinary tract symptoms should raise the index of suspicion.

Transurethral self‐insertion of a foreign body into the bladder is the most common type of bladder foreign body, which is unlikely to be misdiagnosed. we report a case of self‐insertion bladder foreign body and present the symptoms, imaging, diagnosis and treatment in a 14‐year‐old Chinese boy of Han nationality. Younger patients with lower urinary tract symptoms should raise the index of suspicion. Endoscopic removal of foreign bodies can be a challenge. Patients with self‐insertion of foreign objects should undergo psychiatric evaluation to avoid repeated transurethral insertion of foreign bodies.
Metal Organic Frameworks‐Derived NiO/NiCo2O4 Heterostructures for Effective Methanol Oxidation Reaction
Authors: Xin Yuan , Ma Jieyu , Zhang Qian , Wang Zhizhou , Jiang Li , Bian Haidong , Zhang Qianli , Liu Jie
Published: September 2024

The electrochemical process of methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), which is closely associated with electrochemical production of formate and hydrogen, is considered a highly viable avenue for advancing renewable energy technologies. Nevertheless, the development and creation of affordable, effective, and durable electrocatalysts for MOR continue to present significant obstacles. In this study, a hierarchical porous NiO/NiCo2O4/NF electrode is fabricated through the integration of solvothermal and thermal oxidation treatments of Ni‐MOF‐74 and NiCo‐Asp. After thoroughly assessing the electrochemical performance for MOR, NiO/NiCo2O4/NF demonstrates a significant current density of 140 mA cm−2 at 1.6 V (vs. RHE) and a tafel slop of 45.0 mV·dec−1 in 1 M KOH and 0.5 M methanol. The excellent performance of MOR can be ascribed to the hierarchical porous nature that enhances mass and electron transport while offering numerous active sites for electrocatalytic reactions. Additionally, the hetero interface between NiO and NiCo2O4 could further enhance electron transfer rate and reaction kinetics for the MOR. The developed NiO/NiCo2O4/NF electrode shows potential as a viable and economical alternative to Pt‐based electrocatalysts for MOR‐based applications.
Influence of fungicide on soybean seed quality from delayed harvest and environment
Authors: Miller Donnie K. , Campos Priscilla , Copes Josh T. , Netterville Melanie , Brown Sebe , Price Paul P. , Moseley David O. , Genetimis Thanos , Egbedi Peters , Parvej Muhammad Rasel
Published: September 2024

Field studies in 2019–2020 evaluated the influence of fungicide application on seed quality from delayed harvest (approx. 20, 30, and 44 days after optimum harvest timing, i.e., 13% seed moisture). Treatments included nofungicide, pydiflumetofen plus difenoconazole (13.7 fl oz/acre Miravis Top, Syngenta), or mefentrifluconazole plus pyraclostrobin plus fluxapyroxad (8 fl oz/acre Revytek, BASF). Effect of environment was investigated in both field (natural rainfall events) and environmentally controlled growth chambers (79°F or 90°F with 30% or 100% relative humidity and exposed for 48 or 96 h) for potential impacts on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed quality. Seed quality was based on a rating scale of 1 to 10 with 1 being seeds in good condition and 10 being seeds in poor condition, based on USDA reference images. Fungicide application had no effect on seed quality from delayed harvest or a saturated environment (100% relative humidity). Delaying harvest beyond approximately 20 days past optimum timing can result in reduced seed quality regardless of fungicide application (1.0 to 2.0 vs 4.0 to 8.1 rating). In addition, seedpod exposure averaged across temperature and relative humidity environments for as little as 96 h after optimum harvest timing can result in deteriorating seed quality issues (3.2 vs 1.4 rating) regardless of fungicide application. Results indicate that soybean harvest delayed 20 days after optimum timing and subjected to seasonal rainfall events or seedpods exposed to completely saturated conditions for 96 h associated with a tropical weather event will result in soybean seed quality deterioration regardless of fungicide application.
Les obstacles à l'approvisionnement fondé sur la valeur en santé: le cas de la province de Québec
Authors: Beaulieu Martin , Belotti Pedroso Carolina , Rebolledo Claudia
Published: September 2024

The concept of value‐based purchasing aims to move away from the logic of price reduction in purchasing to integrate other dimensions that support the acquisition of innovations in healthcare institutions. As with other fundamental transformations in supply management, a series of obstacles hinder the implementation of this concept. A case study, conducted with a Canadian healthcare purchasing group as part of collaborative research, captures the relationships between the barriers identified in the literature. We discuss the potential efforts public policymakers should put in place to deploy this concept while identifying some relevant research questions.
Small organic osmolytes accelerate actin filament assembly and stiffen filaments
Authors: Demosthene Bryan , Kravchuk Pavlo , Harmon Connor L. , Kalae Abdulrazak , Kang Ellen H.
Published: September 2024

Actin filament assembly and mechanics are crucial for maintenance of cell structure, motility, and division. Actin filament assembly occurs in a crowded intracellular environment consisting of various types of molecules, including small organic molecules known as osmolytes. Ample evidence highlights the protective functions of osmolytes such as trimethylamine‐N‐oxide (TMAO), including their effects on protein stability and their ability to counteract cellular osmotic stress. Yet, how TMAO affects individual actin filament assembly dynamics and mechanics is not well understood. We hypothesize that, owing to its protective nature, TMAO will enhance filament dynamics and stiffen actin filaments due to increased stability. In this study, we investigate osmolyte‐dependent actin filament assembly and bending mechanics by measuring filament elongation rates, steady‐state filament lengths, and bending persistence lengths in the presence of TMAO using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and pyrene assays. Our results demonstrate that TMAO increases filament elongation rates as well as steady‐state average filament lengths, and enhances filament bending stiffness. Together, these results will help us understand how small organic osmolytes modulate cytoskeletal protein assembly and mechanics in living cells.