bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro Method to Quantify and Visualize Volumetric Wear in Meniscus Subjected to Joint Loading Using a 3D Optical Scanner
Authors: Benfield Kate J.
Published: March 2021

The menisci are fibrocartilaginous soft tissues that act to absorb and distribute load across the surface of the knee joint. As a result of mechanical wear and large repetitive loading, meniscus tissue can begin to breakdown, or degenerate. Meniscus degeneration increases the risk of tearing, weakened tissue integrity, and the progression of osteoarthritis. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the wear behavior of whole human meniscus to identify conditions that may significantly increase the risk of degeneration.

The objective of this study is to develop and validate an in vitro methodology for characterizing volumetric wear behavior in whole human meniscus using a 3D optical scanning system. This study was done in three parts. Part I and II consisted of assessing the accuracy and repeatability of the proposed methodology for meniscus tissue. Two surrogate models were developed for this purpose: (1) Simple Surrogate: Geometric Blocks and (2) Complex Surrogate: Menisci & Tibia Replicas. Part III utilized the method to quantify wear in whole human meniscus subjected to physiological loading conditions. One fresh-frozen cadaveric knee joint was potted in a custom designed and built knee simulator and subjected to four loading stages of 250,000 cycles. A 3D optical scanner was used to generate 3D renderings for pre- and post-wear conditions for both surrogates and human meniscus. An open-source software, CloudCompare, was then used to computationally evaluate volume loss. For the surrogate models, the process was repeated at varying wear depths, and the percentage error between real-life measured volumes and CloudCompare calculated volumes was determined. The human meniscus followed the same scanning procedure for pre- and post-wear; however, post-wear volume was recorded following each loading stage.

Results from the simple surrogate model showed that the method was capable of measuring wear with < 2% error when detecting volumetric changes of 1.08 cm3 ; however, as defect depth decreased, the absolute mean percentage error increased (p < 0.001). The complex surrogate model showed significant difference when measuring wear in the lateral and medial meniscus (p < 0.05) with percentage errors of less than 7.9% when detecting volumetric changes of 0.4 cm3. The results obtained from whole human meniscus testing indicate that with an increase in loading cycles, a higher degree of meniscal wear and deformation is present.

For the first time, this study provides a methodology to identify volumetric loss due to wear behavior in whole human meniscus. This is also the first study to provide comprehensive visualization and identification of global defects within the meniscus tissue. Results of this study have the potential to help identify the physical and biochemical factors that lead to meniscus degeneration thereby advancing fundamental knowledge of the etiology of degenerative wear within articulating soft tissue.
Repensar la acción intencional desde la cognición situada
Authors: Echeverri Martín
Published: March 2021

La visión tradicional de la acción intencional es entendida como una locomoción con dirección que se produce por la existencia interna de representaciones y la interacción entre ellas. Para su análisis crítico, se presentan dos posiciones que han explicado la acción intencional. El intelectualismo, que defiende una visión interna, lingüística y racional acerca de la conducta, y el antiintelectualismo que involucra el carácter situado de la cognición, defendiendo una idea no lingüística, dinámica y corpórea de acción intencional. Se argumenta a favor de un intelectualismo que retoma el aspecto situado de la cognición, para así generar reflexiones de la acción intencional.
Conhecimento popular sobre plantas medicinais em comunidades rurais do Município de Laranjeiras do Sul, Paraná
Authors: Glowka Karen Karoline de Oliveira , Marques Siomara Aparecida , Moura Gabriela Silva
Published: March 2021

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo resgatar o saber popular sobre as plantas medicinais utilizadas para a promoção da saúde e da agroecologia no município de Laranjeiras do Sul – Paraná. Foi realizado um estudo etnobotânico de abordagem quantitativa, seguindo o método descritivo, a partir de uma pesquisa de campo com agricultores das comunidades Passo Liso, Rio do Tigre e Rio Verde, situadas nesse município, entre os meses de novembro de 2018 à janeiro de 2019, por meio de visitas pré-agendadas e acompanhadas pelo Agente Comunitário de Saúde (ACS) da respectiva comunidade. Os dados foram obtidos com dezesseis famílias na comunidade de Passo Liso, dezenove famílias na comunidade Rio Verde e quinze famílias na comunidade Rio do Tigre, totalizando 50 famílias de agricultores, indicados aleatoriamente pelo ACS da microárea correspondente à Unidade de Saúde do SUS. Os resultados mostraram que 100% dos agricultores utilizam plantas medicinais para tratar sintomas de doenças, e possuem essas plantas em seus quintais. Foram citadas 73 espécies, das quais as cinco plantas mais utilizadas pelos agricultores(as) são: a Mentha spp. (hortelã), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (alecrim), (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) gengibre, Artemisia absinthium L. (losna) e Chamomilla recutita (L.) (camomila).
Evaluation of E-learning among Medical Undergraduate Students during Covid-19 Pandemic in a Government Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Bollipo Suneetha , Wilson John G. , Kajana Phani Madhavi , Jakkala Akhil
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND Coronavirus pandemic ever since its beginning has impacted all aspects of human life. Its impact on education was more evident as all schools, colleges had to be shut down. However, Covid-19 has forced educational institutions to search for new modes of teaching. Every school and college was forced to adopt the digital medium of education or e learning. Following the preventive measures of social distancing, all conventional classroom classes were suspended due to the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. Considering the prevailing lockdown imposed by the government and the necessary physical distancing, an online teaching session was conducted everywhere in all the medical colleges. We used a free version of Zoom for teaching classes for medical students. Students’ perceptions were collected at the end of the lecture series. We wanted to understand and analyse the perception of medical students regarding e-classes, to collect feedback for further improvement of e-classes and optimum utilisation of online platform for undergraduate medical students and to assesses the perceptions of medical students towards e-learning during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at AC Subba Reddy Medical College, Nellore, in the month of September 2020 among 476 medical students of all the professional years. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to conduct the study. After taking verbal consent over telephone, data was collected from questionnaire sent through Google Forms. Students were asked to read each choice carefully and choose the response which best expresses his / her feelings. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis. RESULTS A total of 476 students’ responses was received; 137 were males and 245 were females. Around 3 / 4 th were (77 %) having negative perception towards elearning. Almost 3 / 4 th (76 %) of the students used smartphone for e-learning. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the students felt that e-learning is not at par with conventional classroom learning but felt it to be an extremely useful mode of learning during the period of Covid-19 pandemic. KEYWORDS E-Learning, Conventional Classroom Learning, Covid-19 Pandemic, E-Class Material, Smartphone Devices
Dispensing errors in Lebanese community pharmacies: incidence, types, underlying causes, and associated factors
Authors: Soubra Lama , Karout Samar
Published: March 2021

Objectives: To assess the incidence, types, the causes of as well as the factors associated with dispensing errors in community pharmacies in Lebanon.

Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 286 pharmacies located all over Lebanon. Data were collected by senior pharmacy students during their experiential learning placement. Collected data included information on the types of dispensing errors, the underlying causes of errors, handling approaches, and used strategies for dispensing error prevention. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression to determine factors that were associated with dispensing errors.

Results: In the twelve thousand eight hundred sixty dispensed medications, there were 376 dispensing errors, yielding an error rate of 2.92%. Of these errors, 67.1% (252) corresponded to dispensing near-miss errors. The most common types of dispensing errors were giving incomplete/incorrect use instructions (40.9% (154)), followed by the omission of warning(s) (23.6% (89)). Work overloads/time pressures, illegible handwriting, distractions/interruptions, and similar drug naming/packaging were reported as the underlying causes in 55% (206), 23.13% (87), 15.15 % (57), and 7% (26) of the errors respectively. Besides, high prescription turnover volume, having one pharmacist working at a time, and extended working hours, were found to be independent factors that were significantly associated with dispensing errors occurrence (p<0.05).

Conclusions: This study sheds light on the need to establish national strategies for preventing dispensing errors in community pharmacies to maintain drug therapy safety, considering identified underlying causes and associated factors.
DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM AND RECREATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STRATEGIC LEADERSHIP PROGRAM OF RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES AND THE NATIONAL PROJECT «EDUCATION»
Authors:   доктор экономических наук, профессор, Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный ун-т им. Н.Г. Чернышевского г. Саратов, Россия, Черевичко Татьяна Викторовна , Отнюкова Маринэ Сельбертовна ,   кандидат социологических наук, Саратовский национальный исследовательский государственный ун-т им. Н.Г. Чернышевского г. Саратов, Россия
Published: March 2021

From 2021 to 2031, an innovative project of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation will begin to be implemented, aimed at the formation of strategic leadership of the country’s higher educational institutions on the basis of partnership between them. The article discusses the possibilities of developing directions of training in the field of tourism and recreation on the basis of the Saratov State University named after N.G. Chernyshevsky, the potential of the university and the region is analyzed based on the criteria laid down by the program. It also examines the main problems and paradoxes that hinder the development of professionalization of the tourism industry in the Saratov region. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn about the need to develop new approaches to the professional development of graduates for tourism and recreation through greater participation in the promotion of knowledge and technology, as well as the training of innovative researchers.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF EFFECTIVE PROCESSING VISUAL INFORMATION IN THE AUTOMATED OPTICAL-ELECTRONIC SYSTEM OF GROUND-SPACE MONITORING
Authors:   Lebedev Institute of Precise Mechanics and Computer Engineering, Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT), Gavrilov Dmitriy , Lovtsov Dmitriy ,   Lebedev Institute of Precise Mechanics and Computer Engineering, Tatarinova Elena ,   Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT)
Published: March 2021

the results of research related to the substantiation of the theoretical founda-tions for constructing effective automated optoelectronic systems for ground-space mon-itoring (AOES GSM) are presented. Scientific and theoretical provisions for solving a com-plex problem of effective processing of visual information in AOES GSM are proposed. The analysis of scientific conditions and the formulation of this problem, the functional and logical decomposition of the complex problem of effective processing of visual in-formation in the AOES GSM into a hierarchical set of partial tasks of less complexity, the development of methodological issues of the information theory of AOES GSM, a logical sequence of stages in the development of object-oriented technology of effective AOES GSM, the methodology solving the complex problem of functioning of AOES GSM.
Features of the informational structure of the memoir story by V. Tokareva “House by Village” (in the ratio of ego-text to genre)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Gonchar I.A. , Samokhvalova L.D. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the information structure of the text of the story by V. Tokareva “House behind the village” (2018), projected on the features of building small genres of memoirs of fiction, related to ego-texts. The information structure of the text is identified with the concept of “discourse”, its main elements are speech composition, the nature of the use of language tools that determined the subjectivity of the narrative, the nature of the distribution of information in the text for intentional purposes.
The Use of Song Material in Russian as a Foreign Language Classes (from experience)
Authors:   Kursk State University, Ragulina E.S. , Arzamastseva N.Yu. ,   Kursk State University
Published: March 2021

The article presents current issues of using song material in classes of Russian as a foreign language. The main advantages of using song material, which help to reveal the main competencies in teaching a foreign language, are highlighted. The criteria for selecting songs, presented for complex work on the use of song material in the lessons of Russian as a foreign language, are considered. Examples of using various songs in accordance with the language level of foreign students are given.
G.I. Rozhkova’s Spiritual Will
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Dobrovolskaya V.V.
Published: March 2021

The coming year will mark the 100th anniversary of birth of G.I. Rozhkova, one of the founders of the discipline “Russian as a foreign language”. The author recalls one of the last public speeches of G.I. Rozhkova and shows the actuality and contemporaneity of her ideas and methodological principles for modern linguodidactics.
Systematic Literature Review Implementasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Ananda Dea , Muhyani Muhyani , Suhandi Tjetjep
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mendeskripsikan tentang penerapan HOTS dalam proses pembelajaran ditingkat SD/MI terhadap hasil belajar siswa; dan 2) menjabarkan faktor-faktor pendukung maupun penghambat dalam menerapkan HOTS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review atau kajian literatur yang menitikberatkan pada proses mengkaji dan menganalisis secara luas dan menyeluruh terhadap beberapa literatur yang relevan dengan topik penelitian. Data literatur yang digunakan sebagai sumber utama dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 10 literatur yang diperoleh dari beberapa data based seperti Portal Garuda, Google Scholar, dan DOAJ yang dipublikasikan dengan kisaran waktu 5 tahun terakhir (2016-2020). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan: 1) penerapan HOTS dalam proses pembelajaran yang berlangsung ditingkat SD/MI efektif terhadap hasil belajar siswa dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran komvensional; dan 2) keberhasilan dan ketidaktercapaian tujuan atau kriteria yang ditentukan tidak terlepas dari faktor-faktor pendukung maupun penghambat dalam menerapkan HOTS. Faktor pendukung diartikan sebagai komponen penting yang dinilai mampu menunjang keberhasilan penerapan HOTS yang meliputi kompetensi guru, sarana prasarana, manajemen kelas, dan perencanaan pembelajaran. Sementara faktor penghambat adalah kendala maupun kesulitan yang dihadapi dalam memaksimalkan penerapan HOTS yang meliputi kualifikasi pendidikan guru yang kurang memadai dan tingkat pemahaman guru yang relatif rendah terhadap penerapan HOTS.
Serum and salivary chemerin concentrations in patients with colorectal cancer and obesity
Authors: Waniczek Dariusz , Swiętochowska Elżbieta , Lorenc Zbigniew
Published: March 2021

Wstęp

Chemeryna jest hormonem wydzielanym przez adipocyty. W ostatnim czasie zwraca się uwagę na jej właściwości prozapalne i związane z karcynogenezą. Celem pracy było zbadanie stężeń chemeryny w surowicy i ślinie osób zdrowych oraz chorych z rakiem jelita grubego (RJG) w II i III stopniu zawansowania według klasyfikacji TNM (tumor, node, metastasis), a także ocena związku uzyskanych wartości z otyłością oraz wybranymi parametrami kliniczno-patologicznymi.

Materiał i metody

Do badania zakwalifikowano 52 osoby, które podzielono na dwie równe grupy – kontrolną
i badaną z nowotworem w II stopniu zaawansowania z cechą N0 oraz w III stopniu z cechą N+ według klasyfikacji TNM. Wewnątrz grup wyróżniono podgrupy osób o prawidłowej masie ciała (18,5 ≤ BMI < 25) oraz osoby otyłe i z nadwagą (BMI ≥ 25). Stężenia chemeryny w surowicy i ślinie oznaczano metodami immunoenzymatycznymi.

Wyniki

Mediany stężeń chemeryny były istotnie wyższe w grupie badanej w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną, zarówno w surowicy (384,36 ng/ml wobec 170,53 ng/ml), jak i ślinie (15,45 ng/ml wobec 4,57 ng/ml; p < 0,0001). W żadnej grupie w podgrupach z BMI powyżej i poniżej 25 nie znaleziono istotnych różnic w stężeniach badanej adipokininy. Nie odnotowano również istotnych różnic stężeń chemeryny w surowicy i ślinie między nowotworami w II i III stopniu zaawansowania TNM (p = 0,82 i p = 0,52).

Wnioski

Ocena stężeń chemeryny w surowicy i ślinie u pacjentów z RJG sugeruje, że badana adipokina może być cennym biomarkerem wczesnej diagnostyki tego nowotworu. Wpływ BMI na uzyskane wyniki stężeń w surowicy i ślinie wydaje się nieistotny u chorych z RJG. Wydaje się, że w pewnych przypadkach łatwo akceptowane przez chorych badanie śliny może zastąpić badanie surowicy.
El catastro multipropósito como una construcción que parte de la comunidad: propuesta para alcanzar una visión con propiedad
Authors: Duarte Castro Jaime Alberto
Published: March 2021

The land registry consists in surveying the physical, legal and economic information from the land lots. This allows the towns, and the country, to keep updated the land databases regarding location, area, outline, access, land value, and legal status. This is a support to be used in the public policy-making, investments, territory ordering, and infrastructure works. Today, the rural land registry shows a great lack of updating, almost 95 %, which indicates that the processes, rules and resources are not being used efficiently. This fact has a direct impact on both the local and regional territorial projects. For this reason, the challenge of the multi-purpose land registry lies in having new regulations that take into account the decentralization when executing the registry, hiring land registry experts and transforming it in a public service. In addition, the methodology set out herein is intended to show that the direct participation of the owners in the process would yield efficient results in the medium term
Dermo-Hipodermites Bacterianas Agudas Não Necrotizantes: Erisipela e Celulite Infeciosa
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Alexandra , Caetano Mónica , Amorim Isabel , Selores Manuela
Published: March 2021

As dermo-hipodermites bacterianas agudas não necrotizantes são processos infeciosos que incluem a erisipela e a celulite infeciosa, e são geralmente causadas por estreptococos β–hemolíticos do grupo A. Em mais de 80% dos casos situam-se nos membros inferiores e são fatores predisponentes a existência de solução de continuidade na pele, o linfedema crónico e a obesidade. O seu diagnóstico é essencialmente clínico e o quadro típico baseia-se na presença de placa inflamatória associada a febre, linfangite, adenopatia e leucocitose. Os exames bacteriológicos têm baixa sensibilidade ou positividade tardia. Nos casos atípicos é importante o diagnóstico diferencial com a fasceíte necrotizante e a trombose venosa profunda. A flucloxacilina ou a cefradina são os fármacos de primeira linha. A recidiva constitui a complicação mais frequente, sendo fundamental o correto tratamento dos fatores de risco.
Uma Perspetiva sobre o Relatório da OCDE “Health at a Glance 2020”
Authors: Duarte Raquel
Published: March 2021

N/a.
INOVASI DAKWAH PERGURUAN TINGGI (STUDI NARATIF PADA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG)
Authors: Noekent Vitradesie Noekent , Kurniawan Andri
Published: March 2021

Innovation of da'wah in higher education serves the heart of a successful balance of academic achievement and the nobility of the academic community. This study aims to narrate the innovation of da'wah at the Universitas Negeri Semarang within the framework of da’wah management theory that prioritizes a contingency approach in creating a harmony of preaching and academic activities. The research method used was a narrative study of three key figures who created the da'wah ecosystem at Universitas Negeri Semarang. The results showed that the enthusiasm for preaching has gained momentum since the strengthening of the role and physics of mosques in all faculties in Universitas Negeri Semarang. The existence of the mosque gave birth to prominent figures, created a routine of preaching moderation, as well as eliminating the seeds of radicalism and intolerance in the campus environment. Furthermore, authors also provide suggestions for higher education leaders and the government (Kemendikbud) as the regulator of higher education in Indonesia.
Analisis Penentuan Pusat-Pusat Pertumbuhan (Growth Pole) dan Wilayah Belakang (Hinterland) Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Putra Dwi Ardi Wicaksana , Rusda Depi , Aziz Abdul
Published: March 2021

Abstrak - Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan satu atau lebih kabupaten/kota sebagai pusat pertumbuhan (growth pole) dan wilayah belakang (hinterland) di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah dalam upaya menyelesaikan masalah ketimpangan kemakmuran yang terjadi selama 5 tahun terakhir. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskritif melalui pendekatan kuantitatif dan dilakukan secara purposive di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang berasal dari Badan Pusat Statistik periode 2014-2018 antara lain: Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) Atas Dasar Harga Konstan 2010 dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia (IPM) menurut Kabupaten/Kota serta jarak antar kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Metode analisis data menggunakan pendekatan Tipologi Klassen dan Model Indeks Gravitasi. Melalui perhitungan pada setiap tahun analisis, penelitian ini menyajikan perubahan kegiatan ekonomi pada Kabupaten/Kota yang dinyatakan sebagai pusat pertumbuhan di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pusat-pusat pertumbuhan di Kalimantan Tengah adalah Kota Palangkaraya, Kabupaten Kotawaringin Timur, Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat, dan Kabupaten Gunung Mas serta masing-masing wilayah belakangnya yang beragam. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi yang membuktikan bahwa pemeringkatan suatu daerah  yang mempunyai klasifikasi sama (melalui metode Tipologi Klassen dengan memasukan variabel IPM) berdasarkan capaian pengalaman per tahun analisis, dinyatakan telah mewakili dan mampu merefleksikan potensi daya tarik atau hubungan perdagangan antar wilayah dengan baik.
Kata kunci : pusat pertumbuhan, wilayah belakang, Tipologi Klassen, gravitasi, perdagangan
INTEGRASI NILAI KARAKTER DALAM PEMBELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI DI KELAS XII IPS 2 SMA MUHAMMADIYAH DI SAMAKAN WILAYAH SUL-SEL KOTA MAKASSAR
Authors: Nur Rahmat
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1). Gambaran umum SMA Muhammadiyah Disamakan Wilayah Sul-Sel kota Makassar (2) Deskripsi pengintegrasian nilai-nilai karakter peserta didik dalam pembelajaran Sosiologi di kelas XII IPS 2 SMA Muhammadiyah Disamakan Wilayah Sul-Sel kota Makassar, (3) Bentuk penilaian nilai-nilai  karakter peserta didik dalam pembelajaran IPS di kelas XII IPS 2 SMA Muhammadiyah Disamakan Wilayah Sul-Sel kota Makassar, (4) Faktor pendukung dan penghambat pengintegrasian nilai-nilai karakter dalam pembelajaran Sosiologi di kelas XII IPS 2 SMA Muhammadiyah Disamakan Wilayah Sul-Sel kota Makassar. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah  deskriptif kualitatif.. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa: (1) Pengintegrasian nilai-nilai karakter dalam pembelajaran Sosiologi  di kelas XII IPS 2 di lakukan beberapa tahap  pertama, pada kegiatan awal adalah membudayakan berdoa sebelum belajar. Nilai karakter yang muncul adalah nilai religius. Kedua, pada kegiatan inti nilai karakter yang muncul adalah nilai rasa ingin tahu dan bersahabat ,Ketiga, guru menutup pelajaran dengan membaca do’a.nilai karakter yang muncul adalah nilai religius (2) Bentuk  penilaian nilai-nilai  karakter dalam pembelajaran IPS adalah didasarkan pada indikator yang telah ditentukan yaitu indikator untuk nilai rasa ingin tahu, disiplin, bertanggung jawab, dan peduli lingkungan. (3) Faktor pendukungnya adalah karena adanya Adanya paradigma dan komitmen yang sama antara kepala sekolah dan guru tentang pengintegrasian nilai-nilai karakter dalam pembelajaran sedangkan faktor penghambat pengintegrasian nilai-nilai karakter adalah kurangnya kesadaran diri yang tinggi dari peserta didik, kurangnya perhatian orang tua yang masih belum memahami secara maksimal tentang pentingnya dukungan orang tua dalam membangun karakter anaknya di rumah, kreatifitas guru dalam dalam mengembangkan media pembelajaran masih terbatas dikarenakan persiapan media setiap harinya membutuhkan banyak waktu, tenaga dan pikiran.
Penggunaan Pil Zenith (jenit) Pada Kalangan Remaja di Kelurahan Pekapuran Raya RT. 16 Kota Banjarmasin
Authors: , Yusuf Hidayat, Yuli Apriati Siti Pauziah
Published: March 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) Menjelaskan faktor penyebab penggunaan pil zenith pada kalangan remaja (2) Menjelaskan perekrutan  remaja untuk mengeketahui penggunaan pil zenith. Metode yang digunakan  adalah metode kualitatif. Sumber data dipilih secara purposive Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan  dalam penelitian yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dipakai dalam penelitian ini yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa : (1) Faktor penyebab penggunaan pil zenith pada kalangan remaja adalah pertama, untuk meningkatkan kepercayaan didiri mereka. Kedua, Intensitas interaksi remaja dengan teman sebaya penggunaan pil zenith. Ketiga untuk menjaga dan mempererat pertemanan. (2) Perekrutan remaja untuk mengetahui penggunaan pil zenith dilakukan melalui (dua) pertama, pemberian imbalan jika menggunakan zenith berupa traktiran pembelian zenith. Kedua, terpengaruh teman untuk menggunakan, teman memberi pengaruh sangat besar untuk menggunakan pil zenith Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disarankan untuk  para remaja, untuk teman sebaya, untuk apparat penengak hukum, untuk pemerintah pusat. yang terdiri dari 2 faktor penyebab penggunaan pil  zenith dan perekrutan penggunaan pil zenith. Agar dapat membaca dan memberikan referensi untuk belajar memahami perilaku menyimpang yang dilakukan oleh kalangan remaja.
Transformation of the World Order and the Conflict Potential of Contemporary Societies
Authors: Sadovaya E. , Sautkina V.
Published: March 2021

Cleavages between economic growth and social development have deepened in recent decades. This is expressed in the growth of multidimensional inequality and is perceived as a global violation of the social justice principles, which leads to the growth of socio-economic conflicts. These are obviously long-term trends allowing to talk about the complete reconfiguration of the existing social space. This process is largely out of control and has a serious destructive potential. The authors emphasize that the modern high-tech economy is unmanned; high quality and secure jobs with permanent contracts are becoming less affordable. As a result, we are witnessing a shift from principles of the previously established social protection institutions, where access to basic social goods is reduced for a large number of citizens. Reforming the system of state support for citizens becomes a worldwide trend, which leads to an increase in the cost of social services and brings into question the very existence of the welfare state. Thus, in the context of social landscape global transformations in the modern world, the social impact of the unemployment problem has become a key issue for researchers and policy-makers. At present, it is difficult to foresee whether the world will continue to develop within a global perspective and whether the international community will be able to produce common regulatory principles, or we are heading for a period of fragmentation and disunity. The problem is largely politically determined, and its solution depends on whether humanity will be able to overcome the difficult period of controversy and confrontation in the name of development, and if so, on what principles consensus can be reached. Acknowledgements. The research of Elena Sergeevna Sadovaya was conducted with financial support of a grant provided by the Russian Science Foundation, № 15-18-00021 – “Regulating interethnic relations and managing ethnic and social conflicts in the contemporary world: the resource potential of civic identity (a comparative political analysis)”. The research was carried out at the Institute of World Economy and International Relations, Russian Academy of Sciences (IMEMO).
System Modeling of International Relations
Authors: Degterev D. , Istomin I.
Published: March 2021

The article provides an overview of international and Russian literature on the genesis and development of System Research in IR studies, demonstrates the emergence of System Research in Russia and in the world, the development of the general theory of systems. It is shown that at the first stage, the representatives of natural sciences tried to identify the isomorphism between the international relations system and other systems (biological, physical). In this context, the attempts to form a general theory of international conflict could be viewed. It is noted that at the beginning of the 1970s, these attempts ended unsuccessfully in general. The second area of international relations system modeling is related to the work of structural realists, primarily K. Waltz and M. Kaplan. Despite the fact that in their papers the verbal analysis dominates over the formal international relations system model, they have made a significant contribution to the political science in perception of the systems theory. The paper also describes the system modeling in the context of the Neo-Marxist theory of international relations, first and foremost, in the meaning of the I. Wallerstein's world-system theory. Special attention is paid to the systemic research crisis in the IR science at the turn of 1980–1990s, also due to a sharp change in the international situation, and the transition from a predominantly deterministic world of the Cold War to the post-bipolar non-equilibrium international system. The authors clearly reveal the evolution of the international relations perception in terms of the systems theory. They also illustrate the intensification of the international system modeling in the XXIst century on the basis of a new methodology – via the use of the more sophisticated complexity theory (the theory of complex systems), as well as by adapting the sociological theory of structuration by A. Giddens in political sciences. Showing the most promising areas of the complexity theory practical application in the modeling of international relations – agent-based modeling and simulation of system dynamics, – the authors enumerate the most promising spheres for the system modeling in international studies.
Western Sanctions and Russian Economy
Authors: Zagashvili V.
Published: March 2021

The article considers in details the economic sanctions imposed in 2014-2015 against Russian Federation by the governments of USA, EU and some other nations. First of all, the author gives a theoretical and historic background of the problem, in particular, classification of the main types of economic sanctions applied in the world, the issues of their legitimacy and effectiveness, as well as the concrete experiences of the recent decades. On this basis an in-depth analysis of their immediate impact on the Russian economy and its future development is elaborated. Particular attention is paid to the influence of sanctions on the investment situation in the Russian economy. It is concluded that the current sanctions contributed to an increase of the inflation rate, deteriorated the investment prospects and stimulated capital outflow. They promoted depreciation of Ruble and reduction of the Russian international reserves, worsened the conditions for servicing the external debt. Along with sanctions, a strong effect on the state of the Russian economy was produced by the drop in international oil prices. These two factors accelerated the onset of economic recession in this country. However, it is stated that the fundamental factors of ongoing recession lie not in the cooling of political relations with Western governments or in the volatility of market prices but in an unsatisfactory institutional structure of the domestic economy. Respectively, the economic prospects of Russia for the nearest year are evaluated by the author as unfavorable. Further extension of sanctions will lead to further worsening of Russia’s investment attractiveness, braking down of the structural adjustments and technological development. It will also narrow opportunities for the Russian companies in their efforts to establish cooperative relations with the leading foreign counterparts and to integrate into the global value-added chains (VACs). Since the role of transnational production in the world economy is on the increase, the extent of participation in VACs will define the position of the country in the world market. Continuing difficulties in this area will deteriorate long-term prospects of the economic development of Russia. Generally, it is stated that even though the recent sanctions have not played a decisive role in the current recession their influence is quite notable. Most importantly, they brought to surface the fundamental structural problems that hold back a steady economic development of Russia. Acknowledgements. The article has been supported by a grant of the Russian Science Foundation (project № 14-28-00097 “The optimization of Russian foreign investment ties in the context of deteriorating relations with the EU”).
Predicting Active, Death and Recovery Rates of COVID-19 in Algeria Using Facebook’ Prophet Model
Authors: LOUNIS Mohamed
Published: March 2021

The coronavirus disease pandemic 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged in Wuhan province, China in December 2019 and has spread over all countries. The current study was carried out to predict active, death and cured rate of COVID 19 in Algeria for a future period of 35 days using FB prophet model. Results shoed that the active rate and the death rate decrease for the next days while the cured rate increase. The active, cured and death rates are estimated at 19.7% 78.85% and 2.55% respectively. These results highlight the importance of FB prophet model in COVID-19 prediction which could help national authorities in adopting the best preventive measures.
Telecommuting, Off-Time Work, and Intrusive Leadership in Workers’ Well-Being
Authors: Magnavita Nicola , Tripepi Giovanni , Chiorri Carlo
Published: March 2021

Telecommuting is a flexible form of work that has progressively spread over the last 40 years and which has been strongly encouraged by the measures to limit the Covid19 pandemic. There is still limited evi-dence on the effects it has on workers' health. In this survey we invited 905 workers of companies that made a limited use of telework to fill out a questionnaire to evaluate: Intrusive leadership of managers (IL), the request for work outside traditional hours (OFF-TAJD), workaholism (BWAS), effort / reward imbalance (ERI), happiness and common mental issues (CMIs), anxiety and depression, assessed by the Goldberg scale (GADS). The interaction between these variables has been studied by structural equation modeling (SEM). Intrusive leadership and working after hours were significantly associated with occu-pational stress. Workaholism is a relevant moderator of this interaction: intrusive leadership significantly increased the stress of workaholic workers. Intrusive leadership and overtime work were associated with reduced happiness, anxiety and depression. These results indicate the need to guarantee the right to disconnect, to limit the effect of the OFF-TAJD. In addition to this, companies should implement policies to prevent intrusive leadership and workaholism.
Time Wavelength Interleaving Perceptron at 12 Giga-Ops/s with a Kerr Soliton Crystal Microcomb for Optical Neural Networks
Authors: Tan Mengxi , Xu Xingyuan , Moss David
Published: March 2021

Optical artificial neural networks (ONNs) have significant potential for ultra-high computing speed and energy efficiency. We report a novel approach to ONNs that uses integrated Kerr optical micro-combs. This approach is programmable and scalable and is capable of reaching ultra-high speeds. We demonstrate the basic building block ONNs — a single neuron perceptron — by mapping synapses onto 49 wavelengths to achieve an operating speed of 11.9 x 109 operations per second, or Giga-OPS, at 8 bits per operation, which equates to 95.2 gigabits/s (Gbps). We test the perceptron on handwritten-digit recognition and cancer-cell detection — achieving over 90% and 85% accuracy, respectively. By scaling the perceptron to a deep learning network using off-the-shelf telecom technology we can achieve high throughput operation for matrix multiplication for real-time massive data processing.
Dementia Patient’s Meal Monitoring Systems Using Weight and Temperature Sensors
Authors: Joo Ji-Eun , Hwang Haewon , Jeon Yujin , Jung Jaewon , Hu Yu , Park Sung Min
Published: March 2021

: This paper presents a couple of meal monitoring systems for senile dementia patients by using electronic weight and temperature sensors. These monitoring systems enable to convey the information of the amount of meal taken by the patients in real-time via wireless communication networks onto the mobile phones of their families or nurses in charge. Thereby, the nurses can easily spot the most desperate patient to take care of while the families can have relief to see the crucial information for survival of their parents at least three times a day. Meanwhile, the senile dementia patients tend to suffer the burn of their tongues because they can hardly recognize the temperature of hot meals served and therefore avoid the burn of tongues. This phenomenon can be discarded by utilizing the meal temperature monitoring system which displays alarm to the patients when the meal temperature is above the reference. These meal monitoring systems can be easily implemented by utilizing low-cost sensor chips and Arduino UNO boards so that elder-care hospitals and nursing homes can afford to exploit them with no additional cost. Hence, we believe that the proposed monitoring systems would be a potential solution to provide a great help and relief not only for the professional nursing nurses working in elder-care hospitals and nursing homes, but also for the families of the dementia patients.
Olfactory Ensheathing Cells and the Structure of the Primary Olfactory Projection
Authors: Badiei Amir
Published: March 2021

Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are the glial cells that accompany axons from the olfactory epithelium to their targets in the olfactory bulb. They possess unique features that have made them the subject of much study as being potentially useful in cell-based therapeutic approaches to CNS repair. Investigation of OECs has demonstrated antigenic and morphological heterogeneity in their population. No marker specific to and selective for OECs have yet been identified, and many of the markers used are variably expressed by other glial cells. Even among OECs, these markers appear to vary in vivo (depending on their anatomical location, contact with other cells, and developmental timing) and in vitro. The variation across the population of OECs has compromised their isolation and characterization. It has also made the task of identifying meaningful subpopulations - with greater or lesser therapeutic utility - dependent on identifying the source of their variability. Such information would aid in both the harvest and experimental manipulation of OECs to optimize their therapeutic effect. One way to understand the nature of this variability is to seek its potential causes in vivo. This must begin with an examination of the structure of the olfactory nerve. Here, the structure and development of the primary olfactory projection are thoroughly reviewed with an emphasis on OECs and the cells with which they make contact. The relevant experimental results are also discussed. The weight of anatomical evidence indicates that the structural variations described in different locations and across species are mostly the result of spatiotemporal developmental factors. As such, the formation of the olfactory projection is mediated primarily by the source tissue, the olfactory epithelium. Cell-autonomous development is common elsewhere, and suits the evolutionary age and importance of olfaction, as well as its continued regenerative capacity. Our findings provide a more systematic anatomical understanding of this nerve. That understanding indicates that variation in axon ensheathment by OECs is an inherent feature arising from the flexibility of the ensheathing program. This perspective, along with the anatomical data reviewed here, can inform more carefully controlled laboratory investigations designed to uncover the detailed mechanisms governing OEC biology.
Evaluation of Conserved RNA Secondary Structures within and between Geographic Lineages of Zika Virus
Authors: Calderon Gallegos Kevin , Fabian Galindo Johan , Bermudez-Santana Clara Isabel
Published: March 2021

Zika virus (ZIKV), without a vaccine or no effective treatment approved as yet, have globally spread since the past century. The infection caused by ZIKV in humans has changed progressively from mild to subclinical in the last years, causing epidemics with greater infectivity, tropism towards new tissues, and other related symptoms as a product of various emergent ZIKV-host cell interactions. However, it is still unknown why or how the RNA genome structure impacts those interactions in differential evolutionary origin strains. Moreover, genomic comparison of ZIKV strains from the sequence-based phylogenetic analysis is well known, but differences from RNA structure comparisons are less known. Thus, in order to understand the RNA genome variability of lineages of various geographic distributions better, 412 complete genomes in a phylogenomic scanning were used for studying the conservation of structured RNAs. We found specific genomic regions, which highlight their patterns of conserved RNA structures at the level of inter-geographical comparisons. We have proposed these structures as candidates for further experimental validation to establish their potential role in vital functions of the viral cycle of ZIKV and their possible associations with the singularities of different outbreaks that occurred in specific geographic regions.
Stakholder Perceptions on the Prospects and Challenges of Practising Climate – Smart Agroforestry in Asunafo North Municipal Assembly, Ghana
Authors: Abubakar Sadique Fatawu , Danquah Leslie , Opuni-Frimpong Nana Yeboaa
Published: March 2021

This study assessed stakeholders’ perception on the prospects and challenges of practising Climate–Smart Agroforestry in the Asunafo North Municipal Assembly in the Ahafo Region in Ghana. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to collect cross-sectional data from 250 cocoa, food and cash crop farmers drawn from four (4) communities using simple random sampling. And nine (9) in-depth interviews were also conducted to elicit key stakeholder perspectives. Stakeholders also held the view that Climate-Smart Agroforestry encourages the use of stress-tolerant crop varieties, increase income, improve soil productivity, diversify farm produce, urges the reduction of input supply and recommends the timely usage of the inputs, ensures better market system for farm produce, cost of production decreases during the practice of Agroforestry, agro-ecological functions and Climate-Smart Agroforestry can best help adapt to the threats of climate change in the agriculture sector. The challenges included insecure tree ownership right, fast-declining soil fertility and long maturity period of Agroforestry trees, land tenure issues, illegal tree logging (chainsaw operators) on farms, lack of practical understanding of the approach, inadequate knowledge and information and inadequate supportive facilities in the study area. The study recommends further studies on the existing forest policy and legislations and its implications on the practice and adoption of Climate-Smart Agroforestry in respond to climate change in the area.
A Family Based Whole Exome Sequence Study to Indentify Modifier Genes for Phenotype Heterogeneity Between Severe and Non-Severe Thalassemia Patients
Authors: BASU ANUPAM , Saha Dipankar , Chowdhury Prosanto Kumar , Pal , Debashis , Nayek Kaustav , Chakrabortye Gispati , Basu Surupa
Published: March 2021

* Corresponding author: Prof. Anupam Basu, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, PurboBarddhaman, West Bengal- 713104, India, Email- abasu@zoo.buruniv.ac.ina & b are equal contribution Whole Expanded Exome Sequencing Study of two families father, mother and index cases (trio) was undertaken for two E/ beta thalassemia subjects with same HBB genotype. Approximately 200ng of DNA was taken from each individual and shared into 300-400bp fragment. Then the shared fragments are end repair. Klenow exonuclease was used to add an adapter. After adapter ligation 10 cycle PCR amplification was done for each sample. The targeted Exome was captured by the Agilent Sure select XT Human all Exome V6+ UTR kit as per the manufacturer’s protocol. Captured library was then amplified 10 cycles with 8 bp index sequence for each sample. Then the indexed capture library was pooled together. Pair end sequencing of the pooled library was performed in Illumina HiSeq2500 using Illumina HiSeq SBS kit. Finally, both the genes, inherited and denovo, from both the subjects were separately functionally annotated by DAVID online tools 6.8. Functionally annotation result shows that in case of subject-1, 6 KEGG pathway were involved. These are Adherent junction, Protein digestion and absorption, Inflamatory Bowel Disease, Amoebiasis, PPAR signaling pathway and glycolysis or gluconeogenesis. Interestingly in case of subject-2, only 2 KEGG pathway were found, Thyroid hormone synthesis and carbon metabolism.