bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEOBJAVLJENI
ARHEOLOŠKI NALAZI
S PROSTORA BRČKOG
I BIJELJINE: PRILOG
PROUČAVANJU
PROŠLOSTI
SJEVEROISTOČNE BOSNE
Authors: Imamović Mersiha
Published: January 2025

Ovaj rad proučava arheološke pred- mete koji se čuvaju u Muzeju Brčko distrikta Bosne i Hercegovine, uz analizu dva slučajno otkrivena na- laza na obali Save, u području Bi- jeljine. Predmeti, većinom metalni, obuhvataju sjekire i dlijeta, s dom- inacijom željeznih primjeraka, dok se među njima izdvaja jedna bron- zana sjekira – kelt, kao i bronza- ni ključ i fragment ključa. Sjekira – kelt datira iz bronzanog doba, dok se ostali predmeti mogu smjesti- ti u širi vremenski okvir. Prostori Brčkog i Bijeljine bili su naseljeni tokom prethistorijskog i rimskog doba, a naseljenost tog područ- ja nastavila se i u srednjem vije- ku, te u kasnijim vremenima. Arhe- ološki nalazi o kojima je ovdje riječ svjedoče o svakodnevnoj upotre- bi ovih predmeta kroz spomenuta razdoblja
Ključne riječi
Brčko, Bijeljina, sjekira, ključ, dlije-
to, bronza, željezo
TEACHERS' AND SPECIAL EDUCATORS' ATTITUDES TOWARD THE USE OF COMPUTERS IN EDUCATION –BASIC REVIEW CONCEPTS
Authors: Bašić Aleksandra , Arsić Bojana , Petrović Maćešić Dragana
Published: January 2025

Distance learning has characterized the previous school years, both in Serbia and worldwide, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The transition from traditional forms of teaching to online learning happened quickly and unexpectedly, leaving many educators unprepared for this form of teaching. Some teachers encountered difficulties using various online platforms for conducting classes, due to a lack of platforms, insufficient time to shift from traditional to electronic teaching, and a lack of skills in using information technology and computers. Given this, the goal of this research is to determine the attitudes of teachers and special educators towards the use of computers and modern technology in teaching. The reason for comparing these three groups of respondents lies in the fact that there are few studies in our region that examine the attitudes of both teachers and special educators. The sample consisted of 248 respondents, of which 86 were primary school teachers (34.67%), 53 were subject teachers (21.33%), and 109 were special educators (44%). A modified version of the Teachers' Attitudes Toward Computers Questionnaire was used. The results show that the majority of respondents have positive attitudes towards computers and their use in teaching. Primary school teachers and subject teachers working in regular schools show more positive attitudes towards the use of computers compared to special educators. We believe that the positive attitudes of teachers and special educators contribute to the integration of computers into the teaching process, both now when teaching is conducted in a hybrid format, and in the present when students return to traditional classrooms.
Keywords: education, attitudes, computers, special educators, coronavirus
Knowledge and practice of COVID-19 pandemic prevention in a community in Jakarta
Authors: Wahid Mardiastuti H , Kiranasari Ariyani , Ningsih Ika , Sari Meutia Kumala , Aziz Mochamad Helmi
Published: January 2025

Introduction: COVID-19 is an emerging infectious disease that causes a pandemic with high morbidity and mortality due to its wide transmission. This situation should be prevented not only by the government but also by the community. Efforts have taken place to prevent COVID-19 transmission including the obligation to wear masks, wash hands, keep a distance, stay at home, avoid crowds, and administer the vaccination. This study aims to examine the communities’ knowledge, perception, and practice in preventing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study in a suburban area in Jakarta. Ninety-seven respondents participated in this study. Data was collected by filling questionnaire via G-form and analyzed descriptively.  
Results: A total of ninety-seven respondents participated in this study with aged 18-73 years. In terms of knowledge about COVID-19, the majority of the respondents know the etiology, symptoms, transmission, and the way to prevent the disease. Only less than half of them understand that corpses are capable of transmitting COVID-19. However, this research found a lack of implementation of practice in preventing COVID-19 transmission because only 62.9% of respondents always bring hand sanitizer/ABHS. Only a small percentage change clothes after leaving the house, do exercise, and take vitamins.
Conclusion: Although the community has sufficient knowledge and a good perception of COVID-19 prevention, rigorous effort should be provided to enhance the quality of practice of the community, to prevent the spread of COVID-19.
EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND INDIVIDUAL CREATIVITY ON INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE TROUGH ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
Authors: Sandy Bramantyo  , Wahyu Eko Pujianto
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the influence of employee engagement and individual creativity on individual performance in moderating organizational citizenship behavior in employees CV. Prima Sealindo engineering Sidoarjo. The method used is qualitative. The data uses probability sampling techniques with a sample size of 47 people at CV. Prima Sealindo. Data analysis in this study used Smart PLS version 4.0. The research results show that: first, there is a positive and significant impact between employee engagement on individual performance. Second, there is a positive and significant impact between individual creativity and individual performance. Third, there is a negative and insignificant impact of OCB on individual performance. Fourth, the negative and insignificant impact of employee engagement on individual performance is weakened by OCB. Fifth, the negative and insignificant impact of individual creativity on individual performance is weakened by OCB.
KOMITMEN ORGANISASI YANG DIPENGARUHI BUDAYA ORGANISASI, LINGKUNGAN KERJA, DAN DUKUNGAN ORGANISASI PADA KARYAWAN PT. TIRTA INVESTAMA BALI
Authors: Bagus Nyoman Kusuma Putra  , Tiksnayana Vipraprastha
Published: January 2025

The aim of this research is to find out whether organizational culture, work environment and organizational support influence organizational commitment at PT. Tirta Investama Bali. Samples were collected using a simple random sampling technique with the Slovin formula, totaling 86 respondents. The data analysis technique used in this research is multiple regression analysis. The research results show that: (a) there is a significant and positive influence between organizational culture on organizational commitment with a coefficient value of 0.157 and a significance value of 0.000, (b) there is a significant and positive influence between the work environment on organizational commitment with a coefficient value of 0.156 and The significance value is 0.000, and (c) there is a significant and positive influence between organizational support on organizational commitment with a coefficient value of 0.381 and a significance value of 0.000.
DAMPAK KUALITAS MAKANAN DAN KUALITAS LAYANAN TERHADAP E-WOM DIMEDIASI OLEH KEPUASAN PELANGGAN (Studi: Warung Sarie – Ayam Tulang Lunak Khas Bali)
Authors: Putu Suweca Nata Udayana  , Luh Kadek Budi Martini
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to explore the impact of food and service quality on customer satisfaction and electronic word-of-mouth (E-WOM) at Warung Sarie-Ayam Tulang Lunak Khas Bali. The study investigates several key questions: (1) How does food quality affect customer satisfaction? (2) What is the effect of service quality on customer satisfaction? (3) How does food quality influence E-WOM? (4) What is the impact of service quality on E-WOM? (5) Does customer satisfaction mediate the relationship between food quality and E-WOM? (6) Does customer satisfaction mediate the relationship between service quality and E-WOM? This research adopts a quantitative approach, using a sample of 96 respondents, with data analyzed through Partial Least Squares (PLS) via SmartPLS software. The findings reveal that both food quality and service quality significantly contribute to customer satisfaction. Additionally, food quality has a notable impact on E-WOM, whereas service quality does not have a direct effect on E-WOM. Moreover, customer satisfaction does not serve as a mediator in the relationship between either food quality or service quality and E-WOM. These results imply that while enhancing food and service quality can improve customer satisfaction and potentially affect online reviews, customer satisfaction does not entirely mediate the connection between quality factors and E-WOM. This study offers useful insights for restaurant owners, especially in areas of marketing strategy and customer experience enhancement.
Kepuasan Tamu Di Hotel Kamaniiya Petitenget Seminyak Yang Dipengaruhi Oleh Kualitas Pelayanan Dan Fasilitas
Authors: Healthy Gede Dodi , Wirya I Made Suwitra , Susila I Made Gede Darma
Published: January 2025

This study aims to determine the influence of service quality and facilities on guest satisfaction. The location of this research is in Kamaniiya Petitenget Seminyak. The data collection techniques used are observation and questionnaires. The population used Kamaniiya Petitenget Seminyak guests, with a sample of 150 respondents. The data analysis techniques used were Descriptive Statistical Analysis, Data Instrument Test, Classical Assumption, Multiple Linear Regression, t, and Determination. Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that the quality of service has a positive and significant influence on guest satisfaction, facilities have a positive and significant influence on guest satisfaction, service quality and facilities have an influence of 60% on guest satisfaction. The suggestion that can be given by the researcher is to routinely provide training to employees, so that later employees will be able to communicate well when providing services to guests, increase wifi speed and always provide quick responses to guests, provide detailed information, pay attention to guests.
Pengembangan Pantai Tanah Lot Sebagai Daya Tarik Wisata Berkelanjutan Di Desa Beraban Kecamatan Kediri Kabupaten Tabanan Bali
Authors: Samudra I Wayan Teja , Kartimin I Wayan , Putri Ida Ayu Karina
Published: January 2025

In the current era of globalization, the development of world tourism can be made a top priority in supporting the development of a region. Tourism development is essentially to develop and utilize tourist attractions in the form of natural wealth, diversity of flora and fauna, cultural arts, historical heritage, ancient objects and cultural pluralism. It can be in the form of natural beauty, historic sites, ordinances of social life and religious ceremonies. The research entitled Development of Tanah Lot Beach as a Sustainable Tourist Attraction in Beraban Village, Kediri District, Tabanan Regency, Bali aims to determine the potential and development of Tanah Lot Beach. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with SWOT analysis. Data were collected by observation techniques, interviews and documentation studies. The informants interviewed included the village head and village officials, businessmen, community leaders, tourists and the people of Beraban Village. The conclusions from the results of this study are (a) Tanah Lot Beach, has beautiful, cool and pristine natural potential which provides comfort for visitors to tourism objects besides customs and culture, (b) strategies offered for use in the development of Tanah Lot Beach is the direction of environmentally friendly development by maintaining cleanliness and reducing plastic waste.
PENGARUH ULASAN ONLINE DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN TAMU MENGINAP DI GOYA BOUTIQUE RESORT UBUD
Authors: Yanti Ni Wayan Novi , Antari Ni Luh Sili , Yogantara Komang Krishna
Published: January 2025

The research entitled: Effect of Online Reviews and Service Quality on Guest Decisions to Stay at Goya Boutique Resort Ubud Bali aims to determine the effect of online reviews and service quality on guest decisions to stay at Goya Boutique Resort Ubud Bali and to find out which variables have a dominant influence on guest decisions. stay at Goya Boutique Resort Ubud Bali either partially or simultaneously. Determination of the sample size of respondents using the Solvin formula, so only 95 respondents were used in this study. Meanwhile, data processing using SPSS with multiple regression analysis techniques where the results show that online reviews and service quality have a significant positive influence either partially or simultaneously on the decision of staying guests. The results are based on the results of the T-test that the calculated T value is greater than the T table value so it can be concluded that there is a partially significant effect between Online Reviews on Staying Guest Decisions. After being tested partially by using the T-test, the calculated T value is greater than the T table value so it can be concluded that there is a partially significant effect between Service Quality on Staying Guest Decisions. Meanwhile, the calculated F value is greater than the table F value. So it can be concluded that there is a significant influence, namely Online Reviews and Service Quality on Guest Stay Decisions simultaneously. The variable that has a high influence on the decision of the guest to stay in the service quality variable.
Environmentally Friendly Tourism Model to Overcome Over Tourism in Bali
Authors: Suardhana I Nengah , Utama I Gusti Bagus Rai , Kartimin I Wayan
Published: January 2025

In the tourism industry, the adverse effects on the environment are often caused by destroying natural landscapes. Environmentally friendly initiatives in the tourism industry seek to diminish the environmental burden of tourism-related activities. As a result, it's important that people in business in the tourism industry participate in various endeavors, including: Using renewable energy source technology to power safe, secure accommodations, facilities, and pollution-free travel. Preserve the planet and minimize water consumption, minimize the use of single-use plastic products. Reduce the release of carbon into the atmosphere and increase the efficiency of transportation vehicles. Reducing trash and promoting sustainable food methods, advocating for environmental awareness and education among travelers and hosts. By affiliating with the government and other stakeholders, the tourism industry can become more environmentally responsible. This demonstrates that ecotourism is a viable solution to tourism sustainability. This claim is derived from the government's attempts to preserve the environment and culture and the concerns of the Balinese people. It's intended to serve as a catalyst for ecotourism in the selection of Bali's sustainable tourism that takes into account environmental conservation and social-cultural preservation. This article attempts to demonstrate that ecotourism is the most effective choice for the long term, as a result, the natural environment is preserved sustainably for future generations. To expose the aforementioned, information was gathered through research on literature, observation, and written works. Data were evaluated in a descriptive as well as an interpretive manner. In theory, ecotourism initiatives were intended to promote the common good, which involves maintaining Bali's Sustainability, according to the Hindu doctrine of Tri Hita Karana.
Peran Front Office dalam Mengelola Keluhan dan Masukan Tamu di Montigo Resorts Batam
Authors: Lubis Arina Luthfini , Dhabitah Ghaniah Devira , Wibowo Agung Edy
Published: January 2025

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan potensi wisata yang sangat beragam, terutama karena keberagaman suku bangsa yang menciptakan peluang besar dalam pengembangan industri pariwisata. Industri pariwisata menjadi sektor strategis dalam Pembangunan Nasional, memberikan dampak positif bagi perekonomian dan menciptakan lapangan kerja. Kota Batam, sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata utama di Indonesia, memiliki posisi strategis dekat dengan Singapura dan Malaysia, menjadikannya pintu gerbang penting bagi wisatawan. Montigo Resort Batam, sebuah hotel berbintang lima, merupakan salah satu akomodasi utama yang mendukung industri pariwisata di kota ini. Dalam industri perhotelan, front office memiliki peran sentral dalam memberikan kesan pertama kepada tamu dan menangani keluhan serta saran yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran penting front office dalam menjaga dan meningkatkan kualitas layanan hotel melalui pengelolaan keluhan dan saran tamu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melibatkan analisis literatur dan studi kasus pada Montigo Resort Batam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan front office dalam menangani keluhan dan saran secara efektif dapat meningkatkan citra hotel dan kepuasan tamu, yang pada akhirnya berkontribusi pada keunggulan kompetitif dalam industri pariwisata.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Personal Butler Terhadap Kepuasan Tamu di Ametis Villa Bali
Authors: Widyaningsih Ni Putu Putri , Putri Pande Kadek Desy Natasia , Mekarini Ni Wayan , Sari Ni Luh Kompyang
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the influence of personal butler service quality on guest satisfaction at Ametis Villa Bali as well as the service quality variables that most influence guest satisfaction.  The population in the research were guests staying at Ametis Villa Bali with a sample of 65 people using a purposive sampling technique while data collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation. Data testing was carried out using multiple linear regression, coefficient of determination, T-test and F-test. The research found out (a) the quality of personal butler service which includes physical evidence, reliability, responsiveness, empathy and guarantee has a significant positive effect on guest satisfaction both partially and simultaneously, and (b) the responsiveness variable has more dominant influence on guest satisfaction. This shows that the speed and accuracy of the response given by the butler is the key to guest satisfaction since the Ametis Villa butler can even be contacted within 24 hours. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be recommended that the management of Ametis Villa Bali improve the cleanliness of the facilities and tools used in serving guests, accompanied by supervision of butlers in providing services. For butler resources, skills refreshment and training in English or other foreign languages ​​should be designed so as to minimize guest complaints, instead exceeding guest expectations, including fulfilling special guest requests.
Peran Bartender dalam Menjaga Kualitas Minuman Cocktail di Mezzanine Bar Puri Santrian Beach Resort and Spa Sanur
Authors: Hidayana Fransiska Fila , Wisnuwardhana Putu Bagus Wisnu , Darmayanti Putu Widya
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to ascertain the role of bartenders in upholding the quality of alcoholic beverages at the Mezzanine Bar Puri Santrian Beach Resort & Spa Sanur. Data sources comprise main data and secondary data. Data gathering methods employed included observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis employed a qualitative descriptive approach. The study indicates that bartenders primarily produce beverages for guests and significantly contribute to the food and beverage sector. The quality of alcoholic beverages is crucial for the success of a bar. Ensuring consistent cocktail quality involves multiple phases, including the selection of raw ingredients, training and operating standards, manufacturing techniques, quality control, serving and presentation, cleanliness and sanitation, and inventory and stock management. A bartender encounters numerous challenges in preserving drink quality; however, these challenges can be addressed through diverse solutions, preventive measures, and collaboration among bar staff to uphold the standard of cocktails at the Mezzanine Bar. This includes consistently ensuring the cleanliness and quality of drink ingredients and establishing an improved storage area for goods and materials to facilitate operations at the Mezzanine Puri Santrian Beach Resort & Spa Sanur bar. The bar manager at Puri Santrian Beach Resort & Spa Sanur regularly holds briefings for personnel on work practices and sanitation in the bar area, and consistently does inventory checks to discover damaged or missing equipment. Additionally, it administers routine instruction on the preparation of cocktails and mocktails to adhere to the established recipe and procedural requirements.
"THE ROLE OF FORESIGHT ANALYSIS IN LAW MAKING "
Authors:   "Tashkent State University of Law  ", Sadikov Maksudboy
Published: January 2025

"This article analyzes foresight analysis in lawmaking, its role in this activity, and its achievements today. The issue of further improving lawmaking activities in countries around the world is becoming increasingly relevant. In particular, the World Justice Project, an international civil society organization, has published a report on the Rule of Law Index for 2022. According to this, Uzbekistan ranks 78th in the overall ranking with a score of 0.50. The indicators presented in the report indicate the need for further improvement of the law-making process in our country. In recent years, as technological advancement has rapidly increased, there is a growing demand for effective methods to plan for the future. Among these, the use of foresight methods, which are widely applied, has gained prominence. The application of new technologies, such as foresight, is increasingly required in the field of legal drafting, and it would not be an exaggeration to say that this is the demand of the present time. Analyzing the theoretical and practical aspects of foresight in legal drafting, studying its importance and necessity, examining foresight methods, and developing scientifically-based proposals and recommendations for the improvement of legal drafting are of urgent importance.
"
"LEGAL TECHNOLOGY IN LEGAL ACTIVITY: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS "
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Tulteev Ilyas
Published: January 2025

"The article reveals the theoretical aspects of the essence and content of legal technology, as well as its significance in legal activity. The relevance of study this issue is determined by the role of legal technology in modern conditions, the need to ensure high quality and effectiveness of legal activity. The author used systematic, comparative-legal, and other methods of scientific research. The paper substantiates the conclusion that legal technology is broader than the concept of legal technique, encompassing both it and some other legal phenomena. The characteristics and features of legal technology are given, and its influence on the quality and results of legal activity is revealed. The research findings can be used in the process of improving legal practice. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that there is an objective need to further develop the theory of legal technology, and proposals for its improvement were developed.
"
TECNOLOGIAS ASSISTIVAS NO PROCESSO DE INCLUSÃO ESCOLAR DE CRIANÇAS COM AUTISMO
Authors: Boechat Gisela Paula Faitanin , Rezende Antonio Pinheiro de , Almeida Armstrong Pereira de , Moura Cleberson Cordeiro de , Nicolini Cleide Bispo Oliveira , Barbosa Dandara Pianissola , Penha Maria Cleonice Santos de Melo , Caliman Rosimere de Oliveira Nalli
Published: January 2025

Este capítulo examina a aplicação de tecnologias assistivas na inclusão escolar de crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). A meta principal foi analisar o efeito dessas tecnologias na educação inclusiva, limitando obstáculos e possíveis cenários futuros. A técnica utilizada foi uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática, com foco qualitativo, recorrendo a bases de dados acadêmicos e dando prioridade às publicações brasileiras dos últimos dez anos. A pesquisa analisou diversas categorias de tecnologias assistivas, abrangendo sistemas de comunicação alternativos e ampliados, programas de educação adaptados e aparelhos de ajuda sensorial. Os resultados apresentados que essas ferramentas têm potencial para aprimorar consideravelmente a comunicação, interação social e rendimento escolar de estudantes com TEA, se aplicados corretamente . Contudo, obstáculos como a ausência de capacitação dos professores, restrições de recursos e exigência de personalização foram identificados como obstáculos específicos. O estudo também expõe uma deficiência em pesquisas longitudinais sobre o impacto dessas tecnologias a longo prazo. Foi estabelecido que as tecnologias assistivas possuem um potencial revolucionário na inclusão escolar de crianças com autismo, contudo, sua efetividade requer uma estratégia integrada que leve em conta elementos pedagógicos, sociais e políticos. A pesquisa destaca a importância de investimentos em capacitação profissional, infraestrutura tecnológica e estudos futuros para progresso na construção de ambientes educacionais genuinamente inclusivos.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS REDES DE COLABORAÇÃO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO ACADÊMICO
Authors: Kiefer Jaqueline Herculano de Aquino , Franqueira Alberto da Silva , Guerra Álvaro Raphá Lemos , Malta Daniela Paula de Lima Nunes , Lima Eduarda de Oliveira , Castelo Rosiane Ribeiro Ciqueira , Silva Wagner dos Reis
Published: January 2025

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar como a aprendizagem colaborativa, mediada por tecnologias digitais, contribui para o desenvolvimento das habilidades cognitivas e sociais dos alunos. A pesquisa se concentrou em compreender os benefícios dessa abordagem educacional, particularmente em ambientes de educação a distância, e os desafios encontrados na sua implementação. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza bibliográfica, com revisão de literatura sobre o tema. No desenvolvimento, foi discutido o conceito de aprendizagem colaborativa, seus fundamentos teóricos, o papel das tecnologias digitais no processo de interação e os impactos na formação de habilidades essenciais, como comunicação, resolução de problemas e pensamento crítico. Foram também identificados desafios relacionados à necessidade de competências tecnológicas por parte dos alunos e educadores, bem como a desigualdade no acesso às tecnologias. Nas considerações finais, concluiu-se que, embora a aprendizagem colaborativa mediada por tecnologias apresente desafios, ela oferece importantes contribuições para o processo educacional, sendo relevante para o desenvolvimento acadêmico e social dos estudantes. A continuidade das pesquisas sobre esse tema é essencial para superar as limitações identificadas e para expandir a aplicação de tecnologias em contextos educacionais diversos.
A relaxed eddy accumulation flask sampling system for 14C-based partitioning of fossil and non-fossil CO2 fluxes
Authors: Kunz Ann-Kristin , Borchardt Lars , Christen Andreas , Della Coletta Julian , Eritt Markus , Gutiérrez Xochilt , Hashemi Josh , Hilland Rainer , Jordan Armin , Kneißl Richard , Legendre Virgile , Levin Ingeborg , Preunkert Susanne , Rubli Pascal , Stagakis Stavros , Hammer Samuel
Published: January 2025

Abstract. A relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) system was developed and tested that enables conditional sampling of air for subsequent 14CO2 analysis. It allows an observation-based partitioning of total CO2 fluxes measured in urban environments by eddy covariance into fossil and non-fossil components. The purpose of this article is to describe the REA system, evaluate its performance and assess uncertainties. In the REA system, two separate inlet lines equipped with fast-response valves and loop systems adapted to the technical requirements enable the conditional collection of air in two sets of aluminum cylinders for updraft and downdraft samples, respectively. The switching between updraft sampling, downdraft sampling and stand-by mode is thereby determined by the vertical wind measured at 20 Hz by a co-located ultrasonic 3D anemometer. A logger program provides different options for the definition of a deadband, which is used to increase the concentration differences between updraft and downdraft samples. After the sampling interval, the accumulated air is transferred by an automated 24-port flask sampler into 3 l glass flasks, which can be analyzed in the laboratory, and the cylinders are re-evacuated for the next sampling. The REA system was tested in the laboratory as well as on a tall-tower near the city center of Zurich, Switzerland. Between July 2022 and April 2023, 103 REA up- and downdraft flask pairs and nine flask pairs from quality control tests were selected from the tall-tower for laboratory analysis based on suitable micro-meteorological conditions. Uncertainties in the CO2 concentration differences between updraft and downdraft flasks were estimated by simulations using 20 Hz in situ measurements of a closed-path and an open-path gas analyzer co-located with the ultrasonic anemometer. The measurements show that there is no significant bias in the concentration differences between updraft and downdraft samples, and that uncertainties due to the sampling process are negligible when estimating fossil fuel CO2 signals. In the Zurich measurements, the CO2 concentration differences between the flask pairs agreed with the differences of in situ measurements within -0.005 ± 0.227 ppm. The largest source of uncertainty and main limitation in the separation of fossil and non-fossil CO2 signals in Zurich was the small signal-to-noise ratio of the Δ14C differences measured by accelerator mass spectrometry between the updraft and downdraft flasks. The novel REA flask sampling system meets the high technical requirements of the REA method and is a promising technology for observation-based estimation of fossil fuel CO2 fluxes.
The surface mass balance and near-surface climate of the Antarctic ice sheet in RACMO2.4p1
Authors: van Dalum Christiaan T. , van de Berg Willem Jan , van den Broeke Michiel R. , van Tiggelen Maurice
Published: January 2025

Abstract. This study presents a new near-surface climate and surface mass balance (SMB) product for Antarctica for the historical period (1960–2023) using the updated version of the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO), version 2.4p1 (R24). We study the impact of the major updates implemented in R24 on the climate of Antarctica, and show that the SMB, surface energy budget, albedo, pressure, temperature and wind speed compare well with observations. Compared to preceding RACMO versions, the advection of snow hydrometeors and alterations in the blowing snow parameterization affect the SMB, resulting in more precipitation in the mountains of West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, and an alternating pattern of SMB changes in the coastal zones of East Antarctica. Integrated over the ice sheet, including ice shelves, the modeled SMB is 2546 Gt yr-1, with an inter-annual variability of 133 Gt yr-1. Melt fluxes are small in Antarctica, at 124 Gt yr-1 and an inter-annual variability of 31 Gt yr-1, but can be significant on ice shelves, locally exceeding 500 mm water equivalent yr-1. The presence of melt water in snow compares remarkably well with remote sensing observations and has improved compared to the previous operational RACMO version, 2.3p2. Temperature, shortwave radiative fluxes and albedo are modeled well compared to in-situ observations. Longwave radiative and turbulent fluxes, however, require further model developments.
Updated Arctic melt pond fraction dataset and trends 2002–2023 using ENVISAT and Sentinel-3 remote sensing data
Authors: Istomina Larysa , Niehaus Hannah , Spreen Gunnar
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Melt ponds on Arctic sea ice affect the radiative balance of the region as they introduce darkening of the sea ice during the Arctic summer. The temporal extent and spatial extent of the ponding, as well as its amplitude, reflect the state of Arctic sea ice and are important for our understanding of Arctic sea ice change. Remote sensing retrievals of melt pond fraction (MPF) provide information on both the present state of the melt pond development and its change throughout the years, which is valuable information in the context of climate change and Arctic amplification. In this work, we transfer the earlier published Melt Pond Detector (MPD) remote sensing retrieval to the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) data on board the Sentinel-3 satellite and so complement the existing Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) MPF dataset (2002–2011) from Environmental Satellite (ENVISAT) with recent data (2017–present). To evaluate the bias of the MPF product, comparisons to Sentinel-2 MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) high-resolution satellite imagery are presented, in addition to earlier published validation studies. Both MERIS and OLCI MPD tend to overestimate the small MPFs (ranging from 0 to 0.2), which can be attributed to the presence of water-saturated snow and sea ice before onset of ponding. Good agreement for the middle-range MPF (0.2–0.8) is observed, and the areas of exceptionally high MPF = 100 % are recognized as well. The earlier published MERIS MPFs (2002–2011) were reprocessed using an improved cloud clearing routine and together with recent Sentinel-3 data provide an internally consistent dataset, which allows the MPF development in the past 20 years to be analyzed. Although the total summer hemispheric MPF trend is moderate, at +0.75 % per decade, the regional weekly MPF trends display a pronounced dynamic and range from −10 % to as high as +20 % per decade, depending on the region. We conclude the following effects: The global Arctic melt onset shifted towards spring by at least 2 weeks, with the melt onset happening in late May in recent years as compared to early June to mid-June in the beginning of the dataset. There has been a change in the pond onset regime in recent years, with the East Siberian and Laptev Sea dominating the melt onset and not the Beaufort Gyre region as before. The central Arctic, north Greenland and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) have shown signs of increasing first-year ice (FYI) fraction in recent years. The daily gridded MPF averages are available on the web page of the Institute of Environmental Physics, University of Bremen, as a historic dataset for the ENVISAT data and as ongoing operational processing for the Sentinel-3 data.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО ЗАХИСТУ
Authors: Майстро С.В. , Головко В.В.
Published: January 2025

У статті досліджено питання, що стосуються визначення теоретико-методичних засад державної політики соціального захисту. Розглянуто різні наукові погляди та методичні підходи щодо визначення ролі держави у забезпеченні соціального захисту. Дістало подальший розвиток визначення сутності та змісту державної політики соціального захисту. Визначено цілі, принципи, механізми формування та реалізації державної політики соціального захисту. Розкрито суб'єктно-об'єктні відносини в контексті формування та реалізації державної політики соціального захисту.
КАТЕГОРІЯ «АКАДЕМІЧНА МОБІЛЬНІСТЬ» ТА ЇЇ МІСЦЕ В СИСТЕМІ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Палюх В.В.
Published: January 2025

У статті проведено аналіз категорії академічної мобільності та її місця в системі підготовки кадрів. В сучасному світі розвиток академічної мобільності студентів набуває особливого значення, та надає можливість прогнозувати свою професійну діяльність відповідно до вимог сучасного суспільства, а також здатність гнучко реагувати на зміни та адаптувати свій освітній чи професійний шлях. Визначено, що академічна мобільність є основною цінністю Європейського ареалу вищої освіти, а розвиток механізмів міжнародного академічного визнання є найважливішим аспектом, і в свою чергу академічна мобільність має на меті розвиток здатності майбутнього фахівця до активної діяльності всередині системи безперервної освіти та до самоосвіти.
Equity in budgeting: U.S. state and local government initiatives
Authors: Rubin Marilyn Marks , Bartle John R. , Willoughby Katherine
Published: January 2025

A government’s budget is the most important statement of its priorities. Budgets provide information on how public resources are mobilized and allocated and are the key instruments through which government policies are made and changed. Historically, budgets have not been perceived as instruments to advance equity, a core value of society critical for ensuring that the social contract between citizens and the state is met. When equity has been specifically addressed in budgetary considerations, it has generally been regarding economic issues such as the differential impact of tax policies across income groups. In recent years, however, governments in the United States at all levels have begun to use budget actions to advance equity, especially for historically marginalized groups. In this research, we answer the question: what budget actions have been undertaken by U.S. state and local governments to structure taxing and spending, to advance social equity goals? We also provide several recommendations for state and local governments to consider in their efforts to infuse equity into their budgeting processes to advance a whole-of-government effort to actualize this critical social goal.
Physical Activity and Screen-Based Recreation Patterns Among Adolescents in South Kerala -
A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: George Babu , Bhaskaran Deepa , Leela Leena Mundappaliyil , Raju Jubyraj Aswathymana , Indiradevi Lalikumari , Mahendran Preema , Thulaseedharan Neethu
Published: January 2025

Background: Physical inactivity is now identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality. Worldwide, 80% of adolescents do not meet the recommended levels of physical activity, and a significant number spend more than two hours each day on recreational screen activities.
Methods: The study was conducted among 1844 class eleven students recruited from fifteen Government/Government-aided Higher Secondary schools in Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala, through a multistage cluster sampling. Socio-demographic information, frequency and duration of different types of physical activity, and screen-based recreational activities, as well as the participant’s awareness and perception on physical activity and screen usage was collected through a pre-validated structured self-administered questionnaire in the local language.
Results: In the study about 34.1% students reported never engaging in at least ten minutes of continuous vigorous physical activity. Around 46.2% engage in vigorous activity less than three times a week. More than half (55.2%) of participants use social media for one to three hours per day. About 46.2% of participants watch television for one to three hours a day. A higher percentage of females (46.4%) reported never engaging in vigorous physical activity compared to males (10.4%). About 67% reported facing obstacles when trying to engage in physical activity. Also, even though more than half of the students were aware of many benefits of physical activity, only a third of them were aware of lifestyle diseases.
Conclusion: Engagement in physical activity was low, and screen-based sedentary behaviour was high among the students. Measures to improve awareness of physical activity for lifestyle disease prevention, improve engagement in physical activity and to limit screen-based sedentary behaviour need to be implemented in schools in the state.

Key words: Adolescents, Physical Activity, Screen use
Impact of ‘Be Clear’ Treatment on Speech and Functional Communication Outcomes in Adults with Post-Stroke Dysarthria
Authors: Srinivasan Sahana , Narayanan Swapna
Published: January 2025

Background: Dysarthria is a neurogenic speech disorder characterized by dysprosody and distinguished by deficits in speech understandability. Clear speech is a compensatory treatment approach that has gained traction in recent years. Studies investigating the impact of ‘Be Clear’ treatment are limited, particularly in post-stroke dysarthria.
Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the effect of ‘Be clear’ speech treatment on speech intelligibility, speech naturalness, prosodic characteristics, and communication participation in adults with post-stroke dysarthria.
Methods: Eight Kannada-speaking participants aged between 30 to 66 years with post-stroke dysarthria were recruited for the study. ‘Be clear’ treatment was practiced over the duration of sixteen one-hour sessions across four weeks. Assessments of narrative intelligibility, overall speech naturalness, and functional communication were carried out. Acoustic measures included measurements of mean fundamental frequency, standard deviation of fundamental frequency, mean intensity, and standard deviation of intensity.
Results: Participants demonstrated significant improvements in narrative intelligibility, and overall speech naturalness, between pre- versus post and pre-versus follow-up (FUP) conditions. In acoustic variables, significant changes were observed in mean intensity between pre-post and pre-FUP conditions. Speech handicap was reduced and improvements in overall communication partner ratings were noticed following the treatment.
Conclusions: 'Be clear' treatment led to improvements in narrative intelligibility, enhanced speech naturalness, reduced speech handicap, increased communication participation, and increased vocal intensity in the participants. Future studies could incorporate a broader range of parameters with a larger sample size.

Key words: Post-stroke dysarthria, ‘Be clear’, speech intelligibility and naturalness, fundamental frequency and intensity
The complexity of references to the temporarily suspended norms of international tax treaties
Authors: Khavanova I. A.
Published: January 2025

Subject. The article is devoted to the theoretical aspects of the use in the tax legislation of references to the tax treaties provisions, the effect of which was suspended by Decree of the President of Russia dated August 8, 2023 No. 585.The purpose of the study. The purpose of the article is to assess the consequences of the suspension of certain provisions of tax agreements by Decree of the President of Russia dated August 8, 2023 No. 585, as well as the effectiveness of the decisions taken on the introduction of compensatory tax regulation. The essence of this regulation consists in the provision from August 8, 2023 by the Russian tax agent to apply reduced tax rates or nontaxation when paying income, if such rules are provided for by tax treaties, the validity of which is partially suspended.Methodology. The preparation phase included the following research methods: formal-logical analysis, system-based analysis, description, juxtaposition, synthesis and summarizing.Conclusions. The article concludes that the absence of a suspension procedure in agreements on the avoidance of double taxation (if there are rules on denunciation) is not an unconditional reason to consider it unlawful (in plus stat minus). At the same time, suspension should not be prohibited by the treaty and cannot be incompatible with its object and purposes. With regard to the partial suspension of tax treaties, the content and structure of tax conventions based on the OECD and/or UN model tax conventions allows (subject to certain conditions) the divisibility of contractual provisions according to the criterion of the type of income to which the distributive rules apply. The compensatory legal mechanism laid down in amendments to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, adopted by Federal Law No. 539-FZ of November 27, 2023, is complex in nature and is aimed at entities that were entitled to expect reduced rates or non-taxation in Russia as a source of income, but lost this opportunity due to the suspension of certain provisions of international treaties. A reference norm is a norm, the constructive feature of which is the algorithm for combining normative prescriptions (internal and external in relation to the reference norm). The reference in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation to the norms of Russian tax agreements is a unilateral legislative decision of a Contracting State (Russia), although implemented based on the provisions of an international treaty. The author concluded that tax legislation does not exclude the possibility of using legal structures of a reference nature that require reference to the norms of an international tax treaty, provided that these structures are formulated with a sufficient degree of clarity that allows taxable persons to conform their behavior to them.
Constitutional aspects of posthumous reproduction in Russia and foreign countries
Authors: Tretiak I. A.
Published: January 2025

The subject. The article examines a constitutional conflict arising between a citizen and the state on the issue of assigning social support measures to children, who were conceived and born after the death of the insured person (posthumous reproduction). In 2024, such a constitutional dispute became the subject of consideration by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation. Previously, similar disputes became the subject of consideration by the Supreme Court of the United States. In this regard, the subject of research in this article is the law enforcement practice that has developed in Russia, as well as in foreign countries, on the issue of using posthumous reproduction technologies. The author examines the following constitutional aspects of posthumous reproduction:– the risk of a constitutional conflict arising in connection with posthumous reproduction;– the limits and conditions for the exercise of the right to reproductive choice in posthumous reproduction.The purpose of the article: to identify the constitutional risks of using cryopreservation technology of genetic material and posthumous reproduction, which may, under certain conditions, lead to the emergence of constitutional conflicts. And also to propose measures aimed at preventing such constitutional conflicts.The methodology of the study includes general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description) and legal methods, method of constitutional conflict diagnosis. In addition to this, historical method was also applicable. The article also uses a comparative legal method to analyze the legislation and practice of foreign countries such as Israel, the USA, France, etc. The main results. The author concludes that Russian legislation needs to be improved in order to prevent the emergence of constitutional conflicts related to posthumous reproduction. This requires new legal regulation based on constitutional norms on human rights, providing for the following conditions:– mandatory written consent, made during the life of a citizen, about the intention to become a parent after his death and to have children;– a time limit for the conception and birth of children after the death of the person who gave such consent.