bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Typology of Main Errors of Novice Technical Translators (English/Russian)
Authors: Murzakov A. A.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. Erratology is a new section of linguistics related to the study of different mistakes. Erratology in the sphere of translation is of particular practical interest since translation errors have a particularly strong effect on areas not even related to linguistics.

Methodology and sources. The author analyzed the results of the final test task and developed a typology of the main mistakes of novice technical translators. The classification was not based on a single principle; instead, a comprehensive approach was used. The final classification includes the following types: speech errors, semantic errors, incoherent sentences, terminological errors (incorrect terms and non-unified use of terms), omissions, grammatical errors, misprints, punctuation errors. Since 2014, the author has been conducting e-learning courses on the theory and practice of technical translation for novice and experienced translators who want to improve their skills. Most of the course students were already engaged in translations or planned to start translation activities. For 4 years, 60 people completed most of their homework and the final test task (translation of a technical, medical or legal text (2500 characters with spaces)). The results of the final test task were analyzed and the main types of errors of novice technical translators were identified.

Results and discussion. The resulting distribution of the error types is the following: speech errors – 47; semantic errors – 19; incorrect terms – 13; not unified use of terms – 13; omissions – 11; grammatical errors – 7; not unified expression of obligation – 7; misprints – 5; incoherent sentences – 4. The domination of speech errors is caused by a low level of philological literacy of modern Russian society as well as by the removal of proofreaders and editors from the publication process due to cost reduction. Semantic errors are caused by an insufficient level of knowledge in a particular field of knowledge. Other errors are stipulated because of a lack of self-control skills.

Conclusion. As a result of the analysis of the test works of novice translators, a practical typology of translation errors was developed. As can be seen from the analyzed examples, all the errors of novice translators can be described using the rule of three “I": inattention, ignorance, inexperience.
Language Feminisation in Sociopolitical Space of Russia and France
Authors: Ulianitckaia L. A.
Published: July 2020

Introduction. The paper reviews dynamics of language feminisation and inclusive writing emergence in the context of social change in Russia and France, identification of common patterns for the languages of the countries, adaptation difficulties of new elaborated spelling and punctuation rules, as well as indentification of sources of resistance to gender reforms in languages considered. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the growing interest of sociolinguists to the issues under consideration and by the importance of scientific record of changes in Russian and French against the backdrop of gender processes of recent years (the analysed material covers the period from 2017 to 2020). The features of direct correlation between social and language changes are reviewed not only within the context of language feminisation and feminism relationship, but also regarding historical aspects.

Methodology and data sources. The study was conducted using the materials of French and Russian Internet articles, legal acts gouverning gender linguistic issues in France, statistical research data, explanatory and etymological dictionaries, Russian National Corpus, inclusive writing Instructional materials, video footages, official statements, interviews. During the selection of language material continuous sampling technique was applied; the analysis of the instances was carried out using both synchronic and diachronic approaches, allowing to look at the historical development of the languages in terms of containing feminitives. The study of language processes is carried out within the framework of sociolinguistic approach. The main methodology of language feminisation and inclusive writing study included comparative, descriptive, stylistic, and semantic- syntactic analysis.

Results and discussion. The main result of the study is a review of the gender linguistic features of French and Russian. The collected and analysed language material allowed to draw the conclusion about an ongoing predominance of masculine grammatical gender over feminine in cases where using feminine grammatical gender would be reasonable and logically sound. Legal acts gouverning the use of feminitives and inclusive writing were also looked at. An inconsistency between language norm and current society needs, as well as the existence of misconception of feminist movement within society and misinterpretation of its objectives, including those related to language feminisation, are identified.

Conclusion. Language is a social phenomenon that provides members of society with successful communication. Over the years people have been observing language changes that may have at first be prejudiced or may have faced rejections, but relented over time and became imperceptible and natural for native speakers. The feminisation of language is a logical process that meets civil, political and personal needs of 21st century people.
Evolution of Political Simulacra in Digital Society (on the Examples of “fake news” and “post-truth”)
Authors: Miletskiy V. P. , Nikifоrova O. A.
Published: July 2020

Introduction.The paper deals with the evolution of “fake-news” and “post-truth” in the digital society, which can be qualified as simulations of virtual space. The authors formulate a hypothesis that disclosure of the features of social evolution of “fake news” and “post truth” as political simulaсra is possible on the basis of a multi-paradigm approach that combines the explanatory potential of sociology of communication, political sociology, systemic, interactive approach, concepts of cultivation and agenda.

Methodology and sources.The methodological basis is a multi-paradigm approach to the study of “fake news” and “post truth” as “simulacras” of virtual space, distributed mainly "on the World Wide Web" in the form of deliberately false or distorting messages, memes, posts, repost, tweets, retweets, trolling, etc., allowing to unite heuristic possibilities of system-sociological and interactive approaches, theory of communicative action, concepts of cultivation and agenda.

Results and discussion.The authors argue that “fake news” as an information unit of mainly political and communicative space is a natural product of digitalization development, which arises from the “post truth”. Today the artificial construction of political news has a practical impact on the behavior of businessmen, public figures, political leaders, etc., as well as to influence the real socio-economic processes and political and legal sphere on a global scale. The problem of belief in "fake news" is considered, the study of which, based on multi-paradigm methodology, allows to reveal it properly and find possible solutions.

Conclusion.Consideration of the evolution of “fake news” and “post truth” in digital society shows that they act as certain political simulacras of virtual space with using the manipulative technologies. “Fake-news” and “posttruth” pose a threat to society as a whole, create “obstacles” for their study and complicate communicative interaction, replacing real socio-political communications and tangible political actions with their imitation in virtual space or, for example, as a politically convenient truth, form a certain synthetic simulacrum in political-communicative practice, which combines PR-shows and media manipulations.
МЕНЕДЖМЕНТ РЕСУРСІВ В СИСТЕМІ ЛОКАЛІЗАЦІЇ ІМПЕРАТИВІВ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ БІЗНЕС СЕРЕДОВИЩА
Authors: Бурлуцька С. В. , Бурлуцький С. В.
Published: July 2020

The article presents author's approaches to the formation of the system of local imperatives of sustainable growth of Ukraine as a theoretical basis for the creation of an effective model of economic activity, equivalent to the ecological subsystem and aimed at restoring the generated capital. The aim of the article is the formation of conceptual bases of constructing of effective mechanism of resources management in the system of localization of sustainable development imperatives of business environment in conditions of post-crisis recovery of Ukraine`s socio-economic. The methodological basis of the research was the positions of classical and modern economic theory, works of domestic and foreign scholars on the issues of sustainable development, government regulation of the economy. The basic hypothesis of the research was the assumption of the necessity to limit and concretize the general world imperatives of sustainable development by narrowing their concept and expanding their content in accordance with the local context of development of the socio-economic system of Ukraine. Statement of the basic material. The results of systematization of objective limitations of implementation of the general imperatives of sustainable development have made it possible to identify relevant national imperatives. These local imperatives provide for the formation of: an effective model of economic activity, equivalent to an ecological subsystem and aimed at the recovery of generated capital and the creation of conditions for the transition to a post-industrial model; an institutional environment and a system of public administration aimed at ensuring the equitable distribution of resources both within the existing generation and between existing and future generations; exclusively economically oriented behavior of agents and overcoming exogenous resource dependence to ensure efficient distribution of endogenous resources over time with adequate consideration of natural capital. Originality and practical relevance of the research. The obtained theoretical and methodological concept has a theoretical relevance and can be transformed into an appropriate applied toolkit for sustainable development strategy formation. Conclusions. The existing system of localization of the imperatives of sustainable development of business environment creates the basis for forming the national strategy of sustainable development aimed at ensuring the integrity (existence) of the socio-economic system of Ukraine. Further research will be focused on the development of instrumental and methodological support of the business environment resource management system
Early childhood reading: a subject generating practice
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Ribeiro de , Toledo Luciana Renata de
Published: July 2020

In the last two decades, Brazil has experienced a series of changes in its education system seeking to contribute to the quality of education and the increase in learning rates. Despite all efforts, the results appear to remain below expectations, especially in terms of reading. In the process of collaborating in the task of arousing interest in books, developmental psychology, based on the studies of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky, becomes a rich tool for the teacher in the classroom, especially even in the first childhood. In this sense, the present study aimed to observe the first contacts of a child with the book and to raise hypotheses about the impacts that this practice causes when minors are exposed to reading activity from an early age. This way, the research unfolds under the bias of the inductive method, since this part of the observation of facts or phenomena whose causes we want to know, and of a qualitative approach, due to its subjective analysis. With the observation of the classes, it was possible to verify that the children really perpetrate the entire theoretical development process described by both Piaget and Vygotsky; emphasizing the fusion of both theories at a given time, supporting the importance of the union of knowledge. It was concluded, therefore, that the knowledge and didactics of the mediating teacher make all the difference in the process of training a reader and, consequently, in the type of human being that will be inserted in social life.
Entrevista com Luis Henrique Rolim
Authors: Valente de Oliveira Raquel , Defaveri Begossi Tuany
Published: July 2020

entrevista
Repensando a teoria crítica e sua atualidade: Honneth e seu legado teórico
Authors: Freire de Andrade Ícaro Yure
Published: July 2020

Resenha do livro:

CARDOSO, Antônio Dimas (org). Desigualdade e reconhecimento: atualidade da teoria de Axel Honneth. Montes Claros, Editora Unimontes, 2018.
Jogos Olímpicos e Paralímpicos na contemporaneidade: uma breve revisão literária da produção científica vigente
Authors: Liberato Pereira Ester , Barbosa Cancella Karina , Medeiros Jimmy
Published: July 2020

Confere-se a denominação de ‘Estudos Olímpicos’ ao conjunto de estudos, de caráter acadêmico, que apresenta os Jogos Olímpicos/Paralímpicos e/ou o Movimento Olímpico/Paralímpico - em suas diferentes manifestações - como temas, lócus ou aspecto da análise dos fenômenos esportivos. Nesta direção, pretende-se elaborar um breve levantamento da literatura acerca do tema, no Brasil, no século XXI, com o objetivo de fomentar estudos que articulem as temáticas do esporte, da cultura e da sociedade, apoiadas em teorias, conceitos e metodologias das Ciências Sociais. Ao seguir tal proposta, o dossiê proporciona estudos sobre a programação cultural e artística, bem como a respeito das participações sociopolíticas e esportivas da organização de edições recentes dos Jogos Olímpicos/Paralímpicos. Também estão presentes discussões acerca da relação entre preservação e Jogos Olímpicos, do percurso e da formação em pesquisa no campo dos Estudos Olímpicos no Brasil, da introdução de atletas da seleção brasileira feminina de voleibol sentado na prática esportiva paralímpica, além de um debate historiográfico sobre a pesquisa em história do esporte. Conta-se ainda com demais questões de equivalente importância, apreciações que se tornam ainda mais relevantes diante de um cenário em que o esporte brasileiro depende quase que inteiramente de dinheiro público.
Современные методы ортопедического лечения в комплексной реабилитации пациентов с мышечно-суставными дисфункциями в сочетании с признаками бруксизма
Authors: Рубникович С.П. , Грищенков А.С. , Денисова Ю.Л.
Published: July 2020

Применение безметалловых конструкций зубных протезов представляется актуальным и перспективным на этапе ортопедического лечения пациентов с мышечно-суставными дисфункциями для улучшения эстетической составляющей ортопедической реабилитации.
Цель исследования. Оценить эффективность подготовительного этапа ортопедического лечения в комплексной реабилитации пациентов с мышечно-суставными дисфункциями в сочетании с признаками бруксизма.
Объекты и методы исследования. В основу клинической части работы положены результаты
обследования и лечения 28 пациентов в возрасте 35-54 лет с синдромом болевой дисфункции ВНЧС. У всех 28 обследуемых ведущим симптомом была мышечная гипертония, проявляющаяся в виде неконтролируемого сжатия зубных рядов или бруксизма. На ортопедическом этапе лечения проводилось восстановление эстетики улыбки и лица с применением безметалловых конструкций зубных протезов.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Данные полученные при обследовании пациентов первой и второй групп указывают на высокую эффективность терапевтического ресурса.
Заключение. Для достижения хороших результатов лечения пациентов с мышечно-суставными расстройствами важно в полной мере использовать диагностический и терапевтический ресурс, учитывая особенности личности пациента, психологический компонент, а также анализировать эти данные в рамках внутренней картины болезни.
Синдром системного воспалительного ответа у пациентов с одонтогенными флегмонами челюстно-лицевой области
Authors: Кабанова А.А. , Походенько-Чудакова И.О. , Кабанова С.А.
Published: July 2020

Цель исследования – определить особенности развития синдрома системного воспалительного ответа (ССВО) у пациентов с одонтогенными флегмонами челюстно-лицевой области.
Объекты и методы исследования. Обследовано 158 пациентов с инфекционно-воспалительным процессом челюстно-лицевой области и шеи, которых разделили на 3 группы: 1 группа (96 человек) – с острым гнойным одонтогенным остеомиелитом челюсти, осложненным флегмоной одного клетчаточного пространства, 2 группа (36 человек) – с острым гнойным одонтогенным остеомиелитом челюсти, осложненным флегмоной нескольких (2–4) клетчаточных пространств, 3 группа (26 человека) – с острым гнойным одонтогенным остеомиелитом нижней челюсти, осложненным флегмоной дна полости рта. Выполнены лабораторные исследования крови пациентов (общий и биохимический анализы). На основе общего анализа крови проводили расчет интегральных индексов интоксикации. Определение уровней интерлейкина-8 и прокальцитонина выполняли иммуноферментным методом. Исследовали уровень активности эластазы крови и ротовой жидкости.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Острый одонтогенный остеомиелит, осложненный флегмоной прилежащих мягких тканей, характеризуется развитием ССВО. При флегмонах одного клетчаточного пространства он развивается у 9,0% пациентов, при флегмонах 2–4 клетчаточных пространств – у 36,0%, при флегмонах дна полости рта – в 80,0%.
Заключение. Для предупреждения развития тяжелых осложнений необходимо учитывать локализацию, распространенность процесса, а также появление лабораторных маркеров нарушения функционирования систем макроорганизма. Наиболее перспективными показателями для указанной цели следует считать уровень альбумина, прокальцитонин, интерлейкин-8, активность эластазы сыворотки крови, что требует дальнейшего направленного исследования.
Новые подходы в комплексном лечении зубочелюстных аномалий в сочетании с дисфункцией височно-нижнечелюстного сустава
Authors: Денисова Ю.Л. , Рубникович С.П. , Барадина И.Н. , Грищенков А.С.
Published: July 2020

Цель исследования. Определить эффективность комплексного лечения зубочелюстных аномалий в сочетании с дисфункцией височно-нижнечелюстного сустава с использованием ортодонтического, ортопедического и терапевтического лечения.
Объекты и методы исследования. Объектом исследования послужили 34 пациента со скелетной асимметрией и дисфункцией височно-нижнечелюстного сустава. Пациенты были разделены на 2 группы. В первой группе (15 пациентов) проводили традиционное комбинированное ортодонтическое лечение и шинотерапию. У 19 пациентов второй группы использовали предложенное комплексное лечение (ортодонтическое, ортопедическое и терапевтическое) с применением цифровых диагностических методик анализа ВНЧС, окклюзионной плоскости и жевательной мускулатуры. Эффективность комплексного подхода при лечении скелетной асимметрии и дисфункции височно-нижнечелюстного сустава оценивали по данным клиническим (внеротовым и внутриротовым эстетико-функциональным параметрам) и инструментальным методам, включая анализ окклюзионных контактов T-scan, миографию и КЛКТ.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Показатели объективных тестов пациентов первой группы значимо отличались от второй группы, что свидетельствовало об отсутствии множественных фиссуро-бугорковых контактов между зубами-антагонистами и стабильной окклюзии, а также о сохранении повышенного тонуса жевательных мышц на протяжении всего срока наблюдения (3 года). В отдаленные сроки наблюдения отмечали болевую дисфункцию у 7 (47%) пациентов первой группы. У всех пациентов второй группы была хорошая эффективность комплексного лечения по 6 ключам окклюзии Эндрюса.
Заключение. Для лечения пациентов со скелетной асимметрией и дисфункцией височно-нижнечелюстного сустава разработан и клинически обоснован новый комплекс междисциплинарных лечебных мероприятий с включением ортодонтического лечения, цифрового планирования, ортопедического и терапевтического лечения, превосходящий по своей эффективности традиционные методы лечения и позволяющий значительно улучшить функциональное и эстетическое состояние зубочелюстной системы, а также снизить риск осложнений.
Penerimaan Pelajar Terhadap Pelaksanaan Kursus Sains Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Dalam Islam di Politeknik
Authors: Mohamed Yusoff Ahmad Fkrudin , Yaacob Natrah , Mokter Musleha
Published: July 2020

This study aims to identify students' acceptance on the implementation of the Science and Engineering curriculum in Islam at Ungku Omar Polytechnic, Ipoh. The focus of this study is to analyze the level and  relationship  between  the  students'  acceptance  of  the  course  implementation  in  terms  of  course content,  lecturer  teaching  and  course  evaluation.  This study  was  conducted  quantitatively  on  270 students  of  Ungku  Omar  Polytechnic,  Ipoh  who  had  taken  Science  Technology  and  Engineering  in Islam courses using a set of questionnaires. The data were analyzed descriptively and inferred by using Statistical  Package  for  Social  Sciences  (IBM  SPSS  Statistics  20.0). Overall,  the  findings  of  the  data analysis revealed that the students' acceptance of the  Science and Technology Engineering Course in Islam in terms of course content (min = 4.451), teaching of lecturers (min = 4.531) and course evaluation (min = 4.441) between acceptance of students with course content (r = 0.902), teaching of lecturers (r = 0.897) and courses assessment (r = 0.940). The implications of this study provide lecturers with the opportunity to improve the P&P process and make science and engineering science courses in Islam as a platform for students to enhance understanding and be able to practice Islamic way of life and master generic skills.
Abstrak
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti penerimaan pelajar terhadap pelaksanaan kurikulum kursus Sains Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan dalam Islam di Politeknik Ungku Omar, Ipoh. Fokus kajian ini adalah menganalisis tahap dan hubungan di antara penerimaan pelajar terhadap pelaksanaan kursus dari aspek kandungan kursus, pengajaran pensyarah dan penilaian kursus. Kajian ini telah dijalankan secara kuantitatif ke atas 270 orang pelajar Politeknik Ungku Omar, Ipoh yang telah mengambil kursus Sains Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan dalam Islam dengan menggunakan set borang soal selidik. Data kajian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensi dengan menggunakan Statistical Package for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0). Secara keseluruhannya, dapatan analisa data mendapati penerimaan pelajar terhadap Kursus Sains Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan Dalam Islam daripada aspek kandungan kursus (min=4.451), pengajaran pensyarah (min=4.531) dan penilaian kursus (min=4.441) adalah sangat tinggi kandungan kursus (r= 0.902), pengajaran pensyarah (r=0.897) dan penilaian kursus (r=0.940). Implikasi kajian ini memberi peluang kepada para pensyarah untuk menambah baik proses P&P dan menjadikan kursus Sains Teknologi dan Kejuruteraan dalam Islam sebagai platfrom kepada para pelajar untuk menambahkan kefahaman dan mampu mempraktikkan cara hidup Islam serta menguasai kemahiran generik.
Emergency Surgery in A Tertiary Hospital: The Covid-19 Experience
Authors: Perrone Gennaro , Giuffrida Mario , Bonati Elena , Rio Paolo Del , Pattonieri Vittoria , Tarasconi Antonio , Coccolini Federico , Sartelli Massimo , Ansaloni Luca , Catena Fausto
Published: July 2020

Objective: Evaluate the impact of Covid-19 in a critical area and analyze the changes in the daily activities in an Emergency Department of a tertiary COVID-Hospital.

Methods: We reported and compared the surgical procedures performed for acute appendicitis and acute cholecystitis between two periods (March and April 2019 and March and April 2020) at Emergency Surgery Department of Parma University Hospital, a tertiary COVID-Hospital.

Results: A total of 72 patients underwent surgery between March and April 2019 and 36 between March and April 2020 for acute appendicitis and cholecystitis. The average length of stay was comparable in the two considered years for LA (4.23±1.69 days in 2019 versus 4.5±2.33 days in 2020). The average length of stay in patients with acute cholecystitis was 5.9±3.8 days in 2019 and 8.23±5.5 days in 2020(P=0.038). The average hospitalization was comparable with 2019 data (5.62±3.77 days)n March 2020;whereas, April 2020 was statistically significantly longer 10.5±6 days (P= 0.023).

Conclusions: Half of the emergency centers reported a drop in the overall number of urgent cases as confirmed in our department, where the number of total appendicectomy and cholecystectomy was halved comparing the two months in 2019 and 2020, 72 operations in 2019 versus 36 operations in 2020.During the pandemic, the confidence of the population to the healthcare systems was poor, and this can explain the delayed access to the emergency department of patients who suffered from an acute illness.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(0) 2020 p. S 66-S 68
Teaching Medicine Online During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Malaysian Perspective
Authors: Rashid Aneesa Abdul , Rashid Mohd Radzniwan A , Yaman Mohamad Nurman , Mohamad Irfan
Published: July 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic affected institution of higher learning as some teaching and learning activities had to halt due to safety of the students and staff. Face to face teaching was stopped, and lecturers had to find other methods of teaching. Online teaching was the only allowed method. The methods were synchronous and asynchronous. Lecturers have had to find innovative ways to practice effective teaching methods. Assessments had to also be done online taking important factors into consideration, following steps given by authorities. This article discusses issues around medical teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(0) 2020 p. S 77-S 81
On the Convergence of Newton-like Method for Variational Inclusions under Pseudo-Lipschitz Mapping
Authors: Khaton Mst Zamilla , Rashid MH , Hossain MI
Published: July 2020

In the present paper, we study a Newton-like method for solving the variational inclusion defined by the sums of a Frechet differentiable function, divided difference admissible function and a set-valued mapping with closed graph. Under some suitable assumptions on the Frechet derivative of the differentiable function and divided difference admissible function, we establish the existence of any sequence generated by the Newton-like method and prove that the sequence generated by this method converges linearly and superlinearly to a solution of the variational inclusion. Specifically, when the Frechet derivative of the differentiable function is continuous, Lipschitz continuous, divided difference admissible function admits first order divided di_erence and the setvalued mapping is pseudo-Lipschitz continuous, we show the linear and superlinear convergence of the method.

GANIT J. Bangladesh Math. Soc.Vol. 40 (2020) 43-53
The Prepositional Errors in Students’ Writing
Authors: Setyaningrum Riya Risqi , Fatmawaty Riryn
Published: July 2020

One of the important things in writing is grammar. The grammatical errors in writing may or will distort and disturb the coherence of the piece of writing. A preposition is a part of grammar that important to connect one word to another. Some students ignore the preposition in the right way. So, this study is eager to analyze the errors in using preposition produced by the students' first semester of English Education Department at Unisla in academic years 2019/2020 that consist of 45 students. The study focuses on what kinds of prepositional errors that are usually produced and the types of errors in using preposition mostly produced. This study uses descriptive qualitative to describes the reasons for preposition errors occur by analyzing the students' writing. The result is the students' first semester still produces some errors in; omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. The types of error that produced by the students is misformation errors with percentage 44,93%. It means the teachers have to pay more attention to teaching prepositions.
Chunking Strategy; in Enhancing Fourth Semester Students’ Reading Skill at English Department of Muhammadiyah University
Authors: HJ Wahid Jusmin , A. Thais Iswan
Published: July 2020

Teaching reading skill to the students needs applying the appropriate strategy to stimulate students’ understanding to meet the main purpose in the teaching and learning process. It was expected that the strategy itself should be able to be used by the teacher to design the better ways for the students in order to acquire important information. It is realized that many students now need as much information as possible in comprehending all the texts they read. To overcome this problem, the researcher used chunking strategy to improve students’ reading skill. The researcher used true experiment to design this research, then the pre-test was used to find out whether this group in the same level and the post-test was used to detect the progress of the students. The total numbers of the students who involved in the pre-test and post-test were 20. The data showed that the information in the post-test that;  mean score was 70.50, and the pre-test got score was 61.85 then the standard deviation in the post-test was 10.32 and the standard deviation in pre-test is 8.27. It could be concluded that the students get significant progress in their understanding of reading skill by using Chunking strategy in English Department.
Autoria feminina em Ciência e Tecnologia:
Authors: Vasconcelos Mayara Cintya do Nascimento , Farias Gabriela Belmont
Published: July 2020

Apresenta de que forma a área da Ciência da Informação vem trabalhando a questão de gênero em suas pesquisas. Para tanto a pesquisa teve como base os artigos disponibilizados na Base de Dados em Ciência da Informação, sobre a temática da participação feminina na produção científica em Ciência e tecnologia. O objetivo do estudo é apresentar um panorama sobre como a temática está sendo abordada na Ciência da Informação. Para a busca na base de dados determinamos os seguintes termos: “estudos de gênero”, “produção científica AND feminina” e “produção feminina”. Após a leitura dos resumos de 128 artigos, foi selecionado 13 artigos para o corpus da análise. As análises mostraram que o tipo de metodologia mais utilizada é a de estudos métricos da informação; as palavras-chave mais utilizadas nos artigos foram: gênero, produção científica, mulheres, Ciência da Informação, indicadores de C&T, estudos métricos, estado da arte e periódico científico. Os anos com maior produção foram 2012, 2017 e 2019. Concluímos que os estudos de gênero em Ciência e Tecnologia carecem de mais atenção na área Ciência da Informação.
Integration of temporal environmental variation by the marine plankton community
Authors: Barton AD , González Taboada F , Atkinson A , Widdicombe CE , Stock CA
Published: July 2020

Theory and observations suggest that low frequency variation in marine plankton populations, or red noise, may arise through cumulative integration of white noise atmospheric forcing by the ocean and its amplification within food webs. Here, we revisit evidence for the integration of stochastic atmospheric variations by comparing the power spectra of time series of atmospheric and oceanographic conditions to the population dynamics of 150 plankton taxa at Station L4 in the Western English Channel. The power spectra of oceanographic conditions (sea surface temperature, surface nitrate) are redder than those of atmospheric forcing (surface wind stress, net heat fluxes) at Station L4. However, plankton populations have power spectral slopes across trophic levels and body sizes that are redder than atmospheric forcing but whiter than oceanographic conditions. While zooplankton have redder spectral slopes than phytoplankton, there is no significant relationship between power spectral slope and body size or generation length. Using a predator-prey model, we show that the whitening of plankton time series relative to oceanographic conditions arises from noisy plankton bloom dynamics in this strongly seasonal system. The model indicates that, for typical predator-prey interactions, where the predator is on average 10 times longer than the prey, grazing leads to a modest reddening of phytoplankton variability by their larger and longer lived zooplankton consumers. Our findings suggest that, beyond extrinsic forcing by the environment, predator-prey interactions play a role in influencing the power spectra of time series of plankton populations.
‘On the Moon at Last’:We Have Always Lived in the Castle, Female Gothic, and the Lacanian Imaginary
Authors: Chronister Kay
Published: July 2020

Recent work on Shirley Jackson has emphasized how Jackson masks the horror in her work to show violence and trauma embedded in ordinary domestic life. We Have Always Lived in the Castle seemingly departs from this pattern with a first-person narrator who is a murderer prone to delusive magical thinking. In this paper, I show that we can understand Castle's first-person narrative as a mask of a different kind by applying the Lacanian concepts of the Symbolic, Imaginary, and Real. Through the diegetic narrative, we see Merricat use the Imaginary to escape both the patriarchal Symbolic and traumatic Real. When we look at Castle in this light, we see how it develops and complicates the Gothic pattern of the missing mother and confined daughter, a pattern observable in Jackson's earlier fiction. By enclosing herself and her mother-figure in the Imaginary, Merricat victimizes Castle's real Gothic heroine: her sister Constance.
Ultraviolent Gothic Visions: Lucio Fulci's ‘Gates of Hell’ Trilogy as Derridean Cinematic Haunted Spaces
Authors: Barron Lee
Published: July 2020

This article examines films produced by the Italian director Lucio Fulci between 1980 and 1981: City of the Living Dead/Paura nella città dei morti viventi (1980), The Beyond/L'aldilà (1981), and The House by the Cemetery/Quella villa accanto al cimitero (1981). Unofficially termed the Gates of Hell trilogy, the films stress a distinctive gothic sensibility brought together by the vivid and extreme subjects of decay and unflinching depictions of ultraviolent death and bodily destruction. The article explores the gothic motifs of the film series from the perspective of the work of Jacques Derrida. It argues that Fulci establishes a unique and highly stylized neo-gothic vision in his ‘trilogy’ that reflects a hauntological ethos, and effectively a distinctively Derridean evocation of the gothic, but with a sustained focus upon Derrida's deconstructive concept of ‘Undecidability.’ In the Gates of Hell trilogy the idea of undecidability is a persistent and compelling subject actively woven into the narratives through the gothic elements that infuse their extreme violence, the supernatural, the irrational, and the frequently surreal cinematic visions that Fulci conjures.
Recovery of Phosphorus from Waste Water Profiting from Biological Nitrogen Treatment: Upstream, Concomitant or Downstream Precipitation Alternatives
Authors: Magrí Albert , Carreras-Sempere Mar , Biel Carmen , Colprim Jesús
Published: July 2020

Mined phosphate rock is the largest source of phosphorus (P) for use in agriculture and agro-industry, but it also is a finite resource irregularly distributed around the world. Alternatively, waste water is a renewable source of P, available at the local scale. In waste water treatment, biological nitrogen (N) removal is applied according to a wide range of variants targeting the abatement of the ammonium content. Ammonium oxidation to nitrate can also be considered to mitigate ammonia emission, while enabling N recovery. This review focuses on the analysis of alternatives for coupling biological N treatment and phosphate precipitation when treating waste water in view of producing P-rich materials easily usable as fertilisers. Phosphate precipitation can be applied before (upstream configuration), together with (concomitant configuration), and after (downstream configuration) N treatment; i.e., chemically induced as a conditioning pre-treatment, biologically induced inside the reactor, and chemically induced as a refining post-treatment. Characteristics of the recovered products differ significantly depending on the case studied. Currently, precipitated phosphate salts are not typified in the European fertiliser regulation, and this fact limits marketability. Nonetheless, this topic is in progress. The potential requirements to be complied by these materials to be covered by the regulation are overviewed. The insights given will help in identifying enhanced integrated approaches for waste water treatment, pointing out significant needs for subsequent agronomic valorisation of the recovered phosphate salts, according to the paradigms of the circular economy, sustainability, and environmental protection.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance with Fast Field-Cycling Setup: A Valid Tool for Soil Quality Investigation
Authors: Conte Pellegrino , Lo Meo Paolo
Published: July 2020

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques are largely employed in several fields. As an example, NMR spectroscopy is used to provide structural and conformational information on pure systems, while affording quantitative evaluation on the number of nuclei in a given chemical environment. When dealing with relaxation, NMR allows understanding of molecular dynamics, i.e., the time evolution of molecular motions. The analysis of relaxation times conducted on complex liquid–liquid and solid–liquid mixtures is directly related to the nature of the interactions among the components of the mixture. In the present review paper, the peculiarities of low resolution fast field-cycling (FFC) NMR relaxometry in soil science are reported. In particular, the general aspects of the typical FFC NMR relaxometry experiment are firstly provided. Afterwards, a discussion on the main mathematical models to be used to “read” and interpret experimental data on soils is given. Following this, an overview on the main results in soil science is supplied. Finally, new FFC NMR-based hypotheses on nutrient dynamics in soils are described
Sensory Attributes and Consumer Acceptability of 12 Microgreens Species
Authors: Caracciolo Francesco , El-Nakhel Christophe , Raimondo Maria , Kyriacou Marios C. , Cembalo Luigi , De Pascale Stefania , Rouphael Youssef
Published: July 2020

Microgreens are gaining increasing recognition among consumers, acclaimed for their freshness and health promoting properties associated with densely fortified secondary metabolites. These immature greens enhance human diet and enrich it with sharp colors and flavors. While numerous species are being tested for agronomic and nutritional suitability, consumer acceptance of appearance, texture, and flavor is critical for the microgreens’ marketplace success. This study investigates whether sensory attributes and visual appearance affect consumer preference for microgreens and their willingness to consume them. By means of a consumer test, the sensory attributes of 12 microgreens species were evaluated, wherein a partial least squares structural equation model was developed to link sensorial attributes to willingness to eat the product. The results showed that although visual appearance of the microgreens was largely appreciated, consumer acceptance overall was mainly determined by flavor and texture. In particular, the lower the astringency, sourness, and bitterness, the higher the consumer acceptability of microgreens. Among the 12 examined species, mibuna and cress scored the lowest acceptance by consumers, while Swiss chard and coriander were the most appreciated, being therefore good candidates to be introduced in Western country markets. In addition, both Swiss chard and coriander have been identified by previous literature as good dietary source of phenolic antioxidants.
Effect of Sechium edule var. nigrum spinosum (Chayote) on Telomerase Levels and Antioxidant Capacity in Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Gavia-García Graciela , Rosado-Pérez Juana , Aguiñiga-Sánchez Itzen , Santiago-Osorio Edelmiro , Mendoza-Núñez Víctor Manuel
Published: July 2020

Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) have a redox imbalance, due to a decay in antioxidant capacity. Oxidative stress (OxS) is considered an important modulator of telomere shortening and telomerase activity. One of the fruits that has been associated with an antioxidant effect is Sechium edule and although its properties are well established, there is only one exploratory study evaluating its effectiveness in patients with MetS. The present investigation is a much more robust and controlled study, including a placebo group. Hence, we determined the effect of consumption of the dried fruit powder (500 mg, three times per day) for three months. We measured effects on telomerase levels, antioxidant capacity, and markers for OxS. The study was performed in a sample of 75 older adults: placebo group (n = 30) and experimental group (n = 45) with the diagnosis of MetS according to the National Adult Treatment Panel of the National Cholesterol Program III (NCEP/ATP III) criteria. All markers were measured before and after three months of treatment. There was a statistically significant decrease in lipoperoxides and protein carbonylation with an increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as sustained levels of telomerase in patients who consumed Sechium edule. Our findings suggest that consumption of this fruit has a hypoglycemic, hypotensive, and antioxidant effect, without altering telomerase levels, which could suggest better protection against telomere shortening.
Emerging Strategies to Protect the Skin from Ultraviolet Rays Using Plant-Derived Materials
Authors: Boo Yong Chool
Published: July 2020

Sunlight contains a significant amount of ultraviolet (UV) ray, which leads to various effects on homeostasis in the body. Defense strategies to protect from UV rays have been extensively studied, as sunburn, photoaging, and photocarcinogenesis are caused by excessive UV exposure. The primary lines of defense against UV damage are melanin and trans-urocanic acid, which are distributed in the stratum corneum. UV rays that pass beyond these lines of defense can lead to oxidative damage. However, cells detect changes due to UV rays as early as possible and initiate cell signaling processes to prevent the occurrence of damage and repair the already occurred damage. Cosmetic and dermatology experts recommend using a sunscreen product to prevent UV-induced damage. A variety of strategies using antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents have also been developed to complement the skin’s defenses against UV rays. Researchers have examined the use of plant-derived materials to alleviate the occurrence of skin aging, diseases, and cancer caused by UV rays. Furthermore, studies are also underway to determine how to promote melanin production to protect from UV-induced skin damage. This review provides discussion of the damage that occurs in the skin due to UV light and describes potential defense strategies using plant-derived materials. This review aims to assist researchers in understanding the current research in this area and to potentially plan future studies.
Event Detection and Spatio-temporal Analysis of Low-Altitude Unstable Approach
Authors: Sun Huabo , Xie Jiayi , Jiao Yang , Huang Rongshun , Lu Binbin
Published: July 2020

Low-altitude unstable approach (UA) is one of the crucial risks that threaten flight safety. In this study, we proposed a technical program for detecting low-altitude UA events. The detection logic was to optimize the step-wise regression model with iterative surveys with more than 20 experienced pilots. Accordingly, the frequencies of UA events occurring around each airport in January 2018 were calculated for all the airports within mainland China. Finally, the spatial distribution characteristics of UA events were analyzed via exploratory spatial data analysis. In addition, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and the geographically weighted correlation coefficient were used to explore the correlations between UA frequency and the altitude elevation, wind level, and bad weather. The experimental results revealed that the proposed method can accurately detect the occurrence of low-altitude UA and quantitatively characterize risks. It was found that UA exhibits obvious differences in spatial distribution. Moreover, significantly strong correlations were found between UA and altitude elevation, wind level, and bad weather, and correlation differences were also reflected in different regions in China.
Changes in the Determinism of the Gait Dynamics with the Intervention of a Robotic Walker
Authors: Wan Xianglong , Yamada Yoji
Published: July 2020

(1) Robotic walkers have gradually been developed over the last decade, and their use has caused changes in gait. However, detailed gait analyses during robotic walker-assisted walking have not been performed. In this study, we aim to identify the changes in determinism of gait dynamics owing to the intervention of a robotic walker. (2) Eleven healthy subjects participated in walking experiments under normal walking, rollator-assisted walking, and robotic walker-assisted walking conditions. We analyzed the measured trunk acceleration to derive the gait parameters, local scaling exponent (LSE, from correlation sum), and percentage of determinism (%DET, from recurrence plot). (3) The walking speed during rollator-assisted walking was significantly lower than that during robotic walker-assisted walking. Changes in the shape of the LSE along the anterior–posterior direction revealed the influence of the robotic walker at an individual level. The changes in %DET along the anterior–posterior direction were also significantly different between normal walking and robotic walker-assisted walking. (4) The rollator decreased the walking speed in comparison to normal walking. The changed LSE and reduced %DET imply reduced deterministic patterns and disturbance to the gait dynamics. The robotic walker only affects the gait dynamics in the anterior–posterior direction. Furthermore, the burden on the subjects was reduced during robotic walker-assisted walking.