bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Nutritional Pathway Between Tooth Loss and Healthy Ageing: A Longitudinal Study of Older American Adults
Authors: Sahab Lujain , Newton Jonathon , Sabbah Wael
Published: February 2025

Objectives: This study examines the mediating role of nutritional intake in the relationship between tooth loss and healthy ageing in older American adults. Methods: A secondary data analysis was conducted using the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a longitudinal survey of American older adults aged 50 years and over. Data from six waves from 2006 to 2016 were used. Nutritional intake was assessed in 2013 using ten essential nutrients, categorised as adequate or inadequate based on national dietary recommendations. Healthy ageing was an aggregate variable composed of freedom from cognitive impairment, freedom from disability, and high physical functioning. Tooth loss was measured as a dichotomous variable (edentate/dentate). Structural equation modelling was used to assess the associations between tooth loss in 2012, nutrition in 2013, and healthy ageing in 2016, accounting for demographic/socioeconomic factors and behaviours. Results: A total of 3665 participants were included on the analysis. A significant association was found between being dentate in 2012 and nutritional intake in 2013 (coefficient 0.63: 95% CI: 0.62, 0.54, p < 0.001). Healthy ageing in 2016 was significantly influenced by socioeconomic factors in 2006 (coefficient 0.84: 95% CI: 1.38, 1.42, p < 0.001) and nutrition in 2013 (coefficient 0.05: 95% CI: 0.04, 0.05, p < 0.001). Non-Black individuals showed a significant association with healthy ageing. Conclusions: The findings underscore the complex interplay of nutrition, socioeconomic status, health behaviours, and oral health in predicting healthy ageing trajectories. This study highlights the importance of oral health to maintaining adequate nutritional intake, which in turn promotes healthy ageing.
Alteration of Gastrointestinal Function and the Ameliorative Effects of Hericium erinaceus Polysaccharides in Tail Suspension Rats
Authors: Zang Peng , Chen Pu , Chen Junli , Sun Jingchao , Lan Haiyun , Dong Haisheng , Liu Wei , Xu Nan , Wang Weiran , Hou Lingwei , Sun Bowen , Zhang Lujia , Huang Jiaqiang , Wang Pengjie , Ren Fazheng , Liu Siyuan
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: Long-term spaceflight in a microgravity environment frequently results in gastrointestinal dysfunction, presenting substantial challenges to astronauts’ health. Hericium erinaceus, a plant recognized for its dual use as food and medicine, contains a key functional component called Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP), which is purported to promote gastrointestinal health. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of HEP against gastrointestinal disturbances induced by simulated weightlessness and to elucidate its regulatory mechanisms. Methods: Sprague Dawley rats subjected to a tail suspension model were administered either a standard diet or a diet supplemented with 0.125% HEP over a period of 4 weeks (the intake of HEP is approximately 157.5 mg/kg bw/d, n = 8), metagenomics and targeted metabolomics to investigate the effects of HEP on gastrointestinal hormone secretion disorders, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and intestinal barrier damage induced by simulated weightlessness. Results: Dietary supplementation with HEP was observed to significantly alleviate weightlessness-induced gastrointestinal hormone disruptions, enhancing motility and intestinal barrier function while reducing inflammation. In addition, HEP improved gut microbiota by boosting beneficial bacteria as Oscillibacter sp.1-3, Firmicutes bacterium ASF500, and Lactobacillus reuteri, while reducing harmful bacteria like Escherichia coli and Mucispirillum schaedleri at the species level. Furthermore, HEP altered the serum metabolic profile of the rats, reducing inflammation by upregulating the tryptophan metabolism pathway and enhancing the production of short-chain fatty acids. Conclusions: HEP effectively protects against gastrointestinal dysfunction induced by simulated weightlessness by regulating hormone secretion and maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
Biodegradable Fiber Preparation Technique to Meet Industrial Requisites Through Sheath-Core Melt-Spinning
Authors: Yoo Jin , Kim Ga Hee , Shim Jun-Yeop , Lee Seok Eon , Kim Shi Hyeong , Lim Taehwan , Son Jun Sik
Published: February 2025

Biodegradable polymers are essential for sustainable plastic life cycles and contribute to a carbon-neutral society. Here, we explore the development of biodegradable fibers with excellent mechanical properties using polypropylene (PP) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) blends. To address the inherent immiscibility between hydrophobic PP and hydrophilic TPS, hydrophilic modification and a masterbatch approach were employed. Melt-spinning trials demonstrated that the modified PP and TPS blends (mPP/TPS) exhibited excellent spinnability and processability comparable to virgin PP. A sheath-core configuration was introduced to enhance biodegradability while maintaining structural stability, with an mPP-rich part as the core and a TPS-rich part with a biodegradable promoter (BP) as the sheath. SEM and DSC analyses confirmed strong interfacial compatibility, uniform fiber morphology, and single melting points, indicating no phase separation. Mechanical testing showed that the sheath-core fibers met industrial requirements, achieving a tenacity of up to 2.47 gf/den and tensile strain above 73%. The addition of a BP increased the biodegradability rate, with PP/TPS/BP fibers achieving 65.93% biodegradation after 115 days, compared to 37.00% for BP-free fibers. These results demonstrate the feasibility of blending petroleum-based polymers with bio-based components to create fibers that balance biodegradability, spinnability, and mechanical performance, offering a sustainable solution for industrial applications.
Comprehensive Performance Regulation and Characterization of Polypropylene/Elastomer Composite Insulation Materials
Authors: Dong Xinhua , Fan Xianhao , Wang Wei
Published: February 2025

Polypropylene (PP) represents an important development direction for recyclable cable insulation materials. This paper investigates the synergistic improvement mechanism of the mechanical and electrical properties of PP. The effect of elastomers on the aggregation structure and carrier migration of the samples was investigated by analyzing the microstructure, crystallization, and mechanical and electrical properties of PP/elastomer composites. The results show that elastomers can reduce the tensile modulus of PP, while improving the tensile strength and elongation at break, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of PP. The elastomer and the PP matrix have better compatibility and introduce amorphous regions, generating a large number of crystalline–amorphous interfaces, which introduce deep traps and reduce the mobility of carriers. Meanwhile, with an increase in elastomer content, the breakdown strength and volume resistivity both increase and then decrease. Among the samples tested, PP/PBE-2 has the best electrical properties and is the insulation material with the best mechanical and electrical properties. This study provides an important reference for the comprehensive performance regulation of PP insulation materials for high-voltage cables.
Study of the Viability of Separating Mixtures of Water–Bioethanol Using a Neoteric Solvent: 1-Decyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide
Authors: Cumplido Maria-Pilar , de la Torre Javier , Arango Maria-Camila , Cerisuelo Josep Pasqual , Chafer Amparo
Published: February 2025

Following the successful utilization of various 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ionic liquids (ILs) as effective solvents in the extraction of ethanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol from water, we conducted experiments to determine the liquid–liquid equilibria data for the ternary mixture comprising water, ethanol, and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([dmim][Tf2N]) at temperatures of 283.2 K, 303.2 K, and 323.2 K under atmospheric pressure. The thermodynamic parameters for both ternary mixtures were calculated using the non-random two-liquid (NRTL) and universal quasichemical (UNIQUAC) models, yielding favorable results across all investigated conditions (rmsd < 0.65%). Subsequently, we explored the efficiency of [dmim][Tf2N] in separating azeotropic mixtures by analyzing the distribution coefficient and selectivity (K2 and S greater than 1 in all cases, with maximum values of 3.551 and 10.878, respectively). Comparative assessments were made against the performance of various 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ILs and alcohols. The findings underscore the promising capabilities of [dmim][Tf2N] in achieving effective separation, providing valuable insights for potential applications in liquid–liquid extraction processes.
Unveiling the Fifth Dimension: A Novel Approach to Quantum Mechanics
Authors: Astbury Frederick George
Published: February 2025

Quantum mechanics (QM) has long challenged our understanding of time, space, and reality, with phenomena such as superposition, wave–particle duality, and quantum entanglement defying classical notions of causality and locality. Despite the predictive success of QM, its interpretations—such as the Copenhagen and many-worlds interpretations—remain contentious and incomplete. This paper introduces Strip Theory, a novel framework that reconceptualises time as a two-dimensional manifold comprising foretime, the sequential dimension, and sidetime, an orthogonal possibility dimension representing parallel quantum outcomes. By incorporating sidetime, the theory provides a unified explanation for quantum superposition, coherence, and interference, resolving ambiguities associated with wavefunction collapse. The methods involve extending the mathematical formalism of QM into a five-dimensional framework, where sidetime is explicitly encoded alongside spatial and sequential temporal dimensions. The principal findings demonstrate that this model reproduces all measurable results of QM while addressing foundational issues, offering a clearer and more deterministic interpretation of quantum phenomena. Furthermore, the framework provides insights into quantum coherence, wave–particle duality, and the philosophical implications of free will. These results suggest that Strip Theory can serve as a bridge between interpretations and provide a deeper understanding of time and reality, advancing both theoretical and conceptual horizons.
Estimation of Aboveground Biomass of Chinese Milk Vetch Based on UAV Multi-Source Map Fusion
Authors: Zhang Chaoyang , Zhu Qiang , Fu Zhenghuan , Yuan Chu , Geng Mingjian , Meng Ran
Published: February 2025

Chinese milk vetch (CMV), as a typical green manure in southern China, plays an important role in improving soil quality and partially substituting nitrogen chemical fertilizers for rice production. Accurately estimating the aboveground biomass (AGB) of CMV is crucial for quantifying the biological nitrogen fixation amount (BNFA) and assessing its viability as a nitrogen fertilizer alternative. However, the traditional estimation methods have low efficiency in field-scale evaluations. Recently, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology has been widely adopted for AGB estimation. This study utilized UAV-based multispectral and RGB imagery to extract spectral (Sp), textural (Tex), and structural features (Str), comparing various feature combinations in AGB estimation for CMV. The results indicated that the fusion of spectral, textural, and structural features indicated optimal estimation performance across all feature combinations, resulting in R2 values of 0.89 and 0.83 for model cross-validation and spatial transferability validation, respectively. The inclusion of textural and spectral features notably improved AGB estimation, indicated an increase of 0.15 and 0.14 in R2 values for model cross-validation and spatial transferability validation, respectively, compared with relying on spectral features only. Estimation based exclusively on structural features resulted in R2 values of 0.65 and 0.52 for model cross-validation and spatial transferability validation, respectively. The present study establishes a rapid and extensive approach to evaluate the BNFA of CMV at the full blooming stage utilizing the optimal AGB estimation model, which will provide an effective calculation method for chemical fertilizer reduction.
Evaluation of In-Situ Low-Cost Sensor Network in a Tropical Valley, Colombia
Authors: Rojas González Laura , Montilla-Rosero Elena
Published: February 2025

The increase in yearly particulate matter concentrations has been a constant issue since 2017 in the Aburrá Valley, located in Antioquia, Colombia. Although local certified air quality monitors provide high accuracy, they are limited in spatial coverage, limiting chemical transport and pollution dynamic studies in this mountainous environment. In this work, a local, Low-Cost Sensor network is proposed as an alternative and has been installed around the valley in representative locations and heights. To calibrate PM2.5 and O3 sensors used by the network, temporal delays were analyzed with Dynamic Time Warping and the linear scale was corrected with a Single Linear Regression model. As a result, the correlation coefficient R2 of the sensor reached values of 0.8 and 0.9 after calibration. For all network stations, rescaled data agrees with official historical reports on the behavior of pollutant concentrations and meteorological variables. The ability to compare the network results with certified data confirms the success of the calibration/validation method employed and contributes to the growing field of low-cost air quality sensors in Latin America.
Autocollimation-Based Roll Angle Sensor Using a Modified Right-Angle Prism for Large Range Measurements
Authors: Guo Yan , Zhang Yu , Ji Jiali , Di Huige , Yan Qing , Wang Li , Hua Dengxin
Published: February 2025

An autocollimator is a popular angle measuring apparatus which lacks the capability to measure the roll angle. This paper proposes a novel roll angle sensor with a large measuring range that is based on the autocollimation principle. A modified right-angle prism (MRP) functions as a reflector to admit a collimated beam and return two outgoing beams to the sensor head. The roll angle of the MRP can be attained by analyzing the moving tracks of the two light spots focused on a photodetector. The mathematical model is derived in detail, and the experimental results show that the measuring accuracy of the proposed sensor is ±13.85 arcsec over a range of 360°. These results verify the feasibility of the proposed sensor for roll angle measurements that require a large measuring range.
Toxicity of Fixed Oils, Essential Oils and Isolated Chemicals to Hetorhabditis amazonensis and Steinernema rarum
Authors: Damascena Alixelhe Pacheco , de Araujo Junior Luis Moreira , Tamashiro Luiza Akemi Gonçalves , Pratissoli Dirceu
Published: February 2025

Non-target organisms are not well studied. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of seven essential oils, two fixed oils, d-limonene and eugenol on the mortality, behavior and infectivity of entomopathogenic nematodes (ENPs). The oils were diluted at 1% (v/v) in water with Tween® 80 PS at 0.05% (v/v), and water with Tween® alone was used as the control treatment. In the mortality test, 2 mL of solution containing 50 µL of the nematode suspension, 20 µL of oil/compounds solution isolated with Tween 80, and 1930 µL of water were placed in plastic containers. After four days, the number of dead juveniles was counted. In the bioassay of the behavior of the EPNs, the frequency of lateral body beats of the infective juveniles in liquid medium was analyzed after exposure to the solutions. In the infectivity test, after contact of the EPNs with oils and essential oil chemical compounds, the juveniles were washed and applied to second-instar Spodoptera eridania larvae. All oils and isolated compounds caused mortality in H. amazonensis and S. rarum, with Ocimum canum and the isolated compound eugenol showing the highest efficacy against H. amazonensis and O. canum, Eucalyptus citriodora, Zingiber officinale, Salvia sclarea and the isolated compound eugenol being the most effective against S. rarum. There was a reduction in the number of lateral beats of H. amazonensis and S. rarum for all treatments, with the exception of Cymbopogon winterianus in H. amazonensis and Annona muricata in S. rarum. The infectivity of H. amazonenis and S. rarum on S. eridania was reduced when exposed to the solutions, with the exception of the isolated compound d-limonene in both species, soursop for H. amazonenis and rosemary for S. rarum, which were classified as non-toxic to the species tested. The results obtained in this study may be useful for the choice of oils and essential oil chemical compounds with potential use in integrated pest management programs.
Evaluation of Bioinseticide in the Control of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus, 1758): A Laboratory Study for Large-Scale Implementation
Authors: Souza Silvana Aparecida de , Padial Isabella Maria Pompeu Monteiro , Souza Thais Silva de , Domingues Alberto , Ferreira Eliana Aparecida , Mauad Munir , Cardoso Claudia Andrea Lima , Malaquias José Bruno , Oliveira Luana Vitória de Queiroz , Formagio Anelise Samara Nazari , Mauad Juliana Rosa Carrijo , Mussury Rosilda Mara
Published: February 2025

Plutella xylostella is the primary lepidopteran pest of Brassica crops due to its resistance to numerous insecticides. Multipesticide resistance in insects of agricultural importance is a global problem, and new methods of effective control that are less harmful to the environment are becoming increasingly necessary. The present study analyzed the effects of the aqueous extract of Simarouba sp. at concentrations of 10, 5, 1 and 0.1% in comparison with distilled water (as a control) on the feeding preference, oviposition, and embryonic development of P. xylostella. The results demonstrated that the aqueous extract of Simarouba sp. decreased oviposition and feeding in P. xylostella. A reduction in larval hatching was also observed, indicating ovicidal properties. In particular, the 1% concentration resulted in a more significant decrease in oviposition and the number of hatched larvae. Furthermore, concentrations of 10% and 5% caused food intake suppression, while concentrations of 1% and 0.1% reduced dietary intake by 97% and 78%, respectively. This study highlights the efficacy of Simarouba sp. aqueous extract in controlling the diamondback moth, as larval feeding and the number of individuals reaching the larval stage were reduced. Thus, the control method used in this laboratory study is expected to be successful if utilized on a large scale.
Eco-Efficiency of Concrete Sandwich Panels with Different Insulation Core Materials
Authors: Moura Bruna , Ramos da Silva Tiago , Soares Nelson , Monteiro Helena
Published: February 2025

Given the current need to improve the thermal and energy performance of buildings, special attention has been given to the building envelope and materials. Concrete sandwich panels (CSPs) are versatile composite construction elements whose popularity is increasing given their properties, e.g., good thermal and acoustic insulation, durability, and fire resistance. Nevertheless, besides their properties, it is important to evaluate the sustainability of composite panels under development. This work aims to assess the eco-efficiency of six CSPs with distinct insulation materials: lightweight concrete (LWC), cork, glass wool, and expanded polystyrene (EPS). Coupling both life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle costing (LCC) analysis, this study derives eco-efficiency indicators to inform decisions regarding CSP environmental and economic performances. The results of the LCA and LCC showed that the high-performance concrete (HPC) layer was the main hotspot of the CSPs in all scenarios. Moreover, the best scenario changed when different environmental impact categories were considered. Thus, using multiple environmental indicators is recommended to avoid problem-shifting. Considering the final cost, the CSP with cork is the most expensive panel to produce, with the other five options having very similar manufacturing prices. On average, raw material inputs, labour, and material delivery account for 62.9%, 18.1%, and 17.1% of the total costs, respectively. Regarding the eco-efficiency results, the most eco-efficient scenario changed with the environmental indicator used. Cork seems to be the best option when considering the carbon footprint of the panels, whereas when considering other environmental indicators, the recycled EPS scenario has the best eco-efficiency and the CSP with cork the worst.
Exploring the Key Factors Affecting Customer Satisfaction in China’s Sustainable Second-Hand Clothing Market: A Mixed Methods Approach
Authors: Yao Yu , Xu Huiya , Song Ha-Young
Published: February 2025

Driven by the increasing awareness of environmental protection and the demand for personalized fashion, China’s second-hand clothing market is developing rapidly. Chinese consumers have begun to accept second-hand clothing, and online platforms such as Xianyu and Zhier have promoted the widespread trading of second-hand clothing. This study explored the key factors influencing customer satisfaction in China’s sustainable second-hand clothing market. Using a mixed research approach, factors such as pricing strategy, product quality, brand image, customer service, market environment and promotions were identified. The conclusion of grounded theory is that price, product quality, brand reputation, customer service quality, economic environment and platform promotions have a strong impact on customer satisfaction. The Kano model highlights the sensitivity of customer service quality, economic environment and promotions in improving satisfaction. Price is crucial, confirming the price sensitivity of customers. Brand reputation and product quality significantly increase satisfaction. Customer satisfaction significantly affects the amount of sustainable recycling. This study improves the theoretical framework and research hypotheses, provides valuable insights for future research and practical applications and contributes to the sustainable development of the second-hand clothing market.
Optical–Thermal Performance and Energy Efficiency of Electrochromic Glazing in Hot Summer and Warm Winter Residential Buildings
Authors: Yang Jianming , Huang Yonglang , Han Jie , Mai Hongxing , Li Peng
Published: February 2025

This study examined the optical–thermal performance and energy efficiency of electrochromic (EC) glazing in residential buildings situated in regions characterized by hot summers and warm winters. Traditional glazing systems, such as double-layer (DL) and low-emissivity (LE) glazing, often face challenges in achieving an optimal balance between indoor lighting, glare control, and heat regulation. Using EnergyPlus simulations for a typical residential building, this research evaluated the performance of EC glazing under four control strategies, considering seasonal variations (summer and winter), building orientations, and energy demands for cooling, heating, and lighting. The results indicate that EC glazing dynamically adjusts the solar transmittance from 0.320 under low solar radiation to 0.012 at high levels, significantly reducing the glare and convection heat gains. The transmitted radiation heat gain for EC glazing is remarkably only 23.7 J·m−2, compared to 736.8 J·m−2 for DL glazing. Furthermore, EC glazing achieves a total energy consumption of 189.52 MJ·m2, representing a significant 33.0% reduction compared to DL glazing. These findings underscore the potential of EC glazing to improve both the energy efficiency and visual comfort in residential settings. This study highlights the importance of optimizing control strategies, particularly in response to seasonal and directional variations, offering valuable insights for sustainable building design in climates with diverse thermal requirements.
Evolutional Game Analysis of Quality Regulation of a Blockchain Platform for Emergency Material Security in Emergencies Based on Prospect Theory
Authors: Long Xiaoliang , Lan Liqi , Ma Wenjing , Xiong Li
Published: February 2025

To enhance the security and supervision of emergency materials from their source to transport, thus preventing safety incidents, a tripartite evolution model integrating the government, material production enterprises, and logistics entities is proposed. This model, situated within the framework of a government-established blockchain platform, combines evolutionary game theory and prospect theory. It examines the strategy evolution of emergency material’s security subjects amid diverse government reward punishment measures and enterprise risk perceptions. Our findings indicate that employing dynamic reward–punishment measures not only conserves government regulatory resources but also incentivizes enterprises to enhance the quality of emergency materials security. This dynamic approach effectively encourages responsible behavior, averting rebellious tendencies or speculative mindsets in enterprises with deviating risk perceptions regarding emergency materials security.
Fly Ash Waste Conversion to Zeolite and Its Application for Cd2+ and Ni2+ Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Constantin Mirela Alina , Constantin Lucian Alexandru , Constantinov Florenta Daniela , Badescu Valeriu Robert , Nicolescu Cristina Mihaela , Bumbac Marius
Published: February 2025

Adsorption methods represent a common practice used for heavy metals removal from aqueous solutions. As adsorbent material, zeolites have an excellent adsorption capacity and present low environmental impact. The zeolite used for this study was synthesized from fly ash, a residue generated by thermal power plants, considering the need to reduce fly ash deposits and transform it into useful materials as part of the circular economy. Fly ash conversion to zeolite was performed via a modified hydrothermal method. To investigate the synthetic zeolite structure Scanning Electronic Microscopy, Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy were used. Chemical composition was revealed by X-ray Fluorescence and thermal behavior was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The influence of adsorbent dose and pH upon adsorption capacity of synthesized zeolite for Ni2+ and Cd2+ was investigated. The effect of contact time on the adsorption capacity of Cd2+ and Ni2+ was evaluated and it was found that the system reaches equilibrium after 30 min for Ni2+ and 60 min for Cd2+ due to the saturation of zeolite pores with metallic ions. It was found that the Langmuir model (Lineweaver-Burk equation) better describes the adsorption of both Ni2+ and Cd2+. The adsorption kinetics obeys the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (k2 = 0.0851 g/mg min for Ni2+ and k2 = 0.1780 g/mg min for Cd2+). The adsorption capacity of synthesized was found to be 13 mg/g for Ni2+ (initial Ni2+ solution concentration = 30 mg/L) and 17 mg/g for Cd2+ (initial Cd2+ solution concentration = 35 mg/L) at an adsorbent dose of 2 g/L and a contact time of 30 min. Reusability of the zeolite was also tested and it was found that it can be used for 5 cycles. The experimental study revealed that zeolite obtained from fly ash waste generated by a thermal plant represents a viable and sustainable alternative for removal Cd2+ and Ni2+ from aqueous solution.
Relocation Optimization for Shared Electric Vehicles: A Literature Review
Authors: Zou Ye , Yu Qian , Jiang Dongming , Deng Youjun
Published: February 2025

Car sharing has become an increasingly popular mode of travel. This paper provides a comprehensive literature survey on relocation optimization for shared electric vehicles. The literature is reviewed and categorized based on two types of relocation: static and dynamic relocation. Static relocation is analyzed in terms of operator-based relocation and user-based relocation, while dynamic relocation is analyzed in terms of four methodologies: optimization models, simulations, multi-stage methods, and deep reinforcement learning. The paper finally provides some interesting future research topics, such as considering the nonlinear charging process of electric vehicles in the process of constructing relocation optimization models and designing algorithms for shared electric vehicles.
Effect of methanol leaf extract of Duranta repens on galactose and naphthalene-induced cataractogenesis in rats
Authors: Ohadoma Sylvester C. , Nwokoma Ezechukwu I. , Udoh Ekaette S. , Akuodor Godwin C.
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Duranta repens is often utilized in African traditional medicine to cure cataracts. This study used diabetic and senile cataract models to assess its possible effectiveness. Methods: For 28 days, experimental rats were given galactose (3000 mg/kg) and naphthalene (1 g/kg) respectively to cause diabetes and age-related cataracts. For galactose-induced cataract assay groups I, II, and III received galactose plus 50, 100, and 300 mg/kg extract, respectively. Group IV received galactose plus 10 mL/kg distilled water and group V 10 mL/kg distilled water. For the naphthalene-induced cataract assay, liquid paraffin (10 mL/kg) was given to group I and naphthalene (1 g/kg) to group II. Groups III, IV, and V were respectively given 50, 100, and 300 mg/kg extract plus 1 g/kg naphthalene. Vitamin E (50 mg/kg) plus 1 g/kg naphthalene was given to group VI. The treatments were administered orally for 28 days, eye examinations were performed using an ophthalmoscope. Glutathione (GSH) and bicinchoninic acid protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to measure GSH and total lens protein (TLP), respectively. Results: Rats given 50, 100, and 300 mg/kg of D. repens extract (DRE) had mean cataract scores of 0.00 ± 0.00, 2.30 ± 0.66, and 0.00 ± 0.00, respectively, significantly lower (P < 0.0001) than the negative control group in galactose model cataracts. The DRE-treated groups in naphthalene-induced cases had dose-dependent reductions in the opacity index, with values of 3.15, 2.99, and 2.16 for 50, 100, and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: Duranta repens leaves may prevent cataractogenesis, supporting its traditional applications as anti-cataract.
Current insights into the working conditions of the surgical healthcare professionals associated with an exposure to artificial ionizing radiation
Authors: Antonova E. V. , Kirichenko L. V.
Published: February 2025

Work in operating rooms is associated with exposure to numerous occupational hazards. Among these, ionizing radiation poses the greatest risk. Currently, established guidelines outline the levels of radiation exposure and limiting doses that allow healthcare workers to operate for extended periods without jeopardizing their health. Various methods for monitoring and assessing ionizing radiation are employed to evaluate the individual doses received by medical workers. The present paper reviews findings on radiation safety for healthcare professionals working in radiological operating rooms and introduces a comprehensive set of preventive measures for reducing the exposure of surgical specialists to artificial ionizing radiation.
Possibilities of Scarf osteotomy in surgical correction of hallux valgus
Authors: Pryanishnikov R. V. , Volovik V. E. , Kostiv E. P. , Kostiva E. E.
Published: February 2025

Hallux valgus refers to a complex progressive deformity of the foot, caused by an imbalance of static and dynamic constraints leading to the deviation of the head of metatarsal bone in axial, coronal, and sagittal planes. The efficacy of surgical treatment for this deformity ranges from 80 % to 95 %, while 15 % to 40 % of patients report dissatisfaction with the outcomes of foot deformity surgeries. Scarf osteotomy is considered the optimal method for correcting hallux valgus deformity, involving a Z-shaped cut in the area of the first metatarsal bone, which reduces the intermetatarsal angle. The advantages of scarf osteotomy include providing stability and rigid compression at the osteotomy site, allowing for early weight-bearing and bilateralization. Scarf osteotomy prevents shortening of the first ray and facilitates early mobilization of the patient. It can be performed for varyious degrees of foot deformity, from mild to severe. The most common complications associated with surgical treatment of hallux valgus include persistent pain syndrome, recurrence of deformity, hallux varus, secondary fragment displacement, avascular necrosis of the first metatarsal head, nonunion, and infection.
Clinical and epidemiological aspects of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Primorsky Krai
Authors: Ivanis V. A. , Iunikhina O. V. , Popov A. F. , Khomichuk T. F. , Zacharova G. A. , Kompanets G. G. , Verkhoturova V. I. , Pereverten L. Yu. , Kushnareva T. V. , Shchelkanov M. Yu.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To assess the epizootic and clinical-epidemiological situation regarding the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Primorsky Krai in the period 2019–2023.

   Materials and methods. A retrospective clinical and epidemiological study of the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome enrolled 149 patients. The epizootic process in populations of small mammals in natural and synanthropic foci was examined according to generally accepted methodologies.

   Results. The activity of natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, caused by the circulation of three orthohantaviruses (Hantaan virus and its Amur and Seoul genotypes), remains significant, with a predominance of the Amur carrier in the body of the Korean field mouse. This occurs despite a clear downward trend in the incidence (from an average annual rate of 4.9 to 1.6 per 100,000 population in 2019). Severe and complicated forms of the infection notably prevailed (23.5 %), with high mortality rates (up to 11.5 % in 2023). Some clinical and pathogenetic prognostic criteria for the severity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome were identified in the early stages of the disease.

   Conclusion. The severity of the disease course and difficulties in primary diagnosis define the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome to be a significant public health concern in the region.
Reimagining Tradition: Colonial Legacies, Social Realities, and Genre Innovation in Vikram Chandra’s Sacred Games
Authors: Pavalakodi S. , Mohan K.
Published: February 2025

This paper critically engages with Vikram Chandra’s Sacred Games as a work within the Indian novel tradition. The paper analyzes the novel in relation to Indian fiction’s literary heritage, bringing in innovation that redeliberates the contours of the genre. It looks at the structure of Chandra’s narrative, the way in which he blends the myth and the history and the modernity, and how he brings forth socio-political reality within the urban space of India. Article putting Sacred Games into the framework of earlier Indian novels that has been written, juxtaposition with canonical works so to identify thematic continuities and departure helps. The reflection of how the crime fiction by Chandra has collaborated to achieve an epic style presents a form which is hybridized, therefore, reflecting Indian modernity life. This exposition helps create Sacred Games as the text transforming between the lines that integrate traditional and modern eras by making changes visible within Indian literature.
Efektivitas Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok Stimulasi Kognitif terhadap Fungsi Kognitif pada Lansia dengan Mild Cognitive Impairment di Panti Werdha
Authors: Fery Agusman MM  , Sonhaji  , Moch Jamaluddin
Published: February 2025

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) merupakan kondisi penurunan fungsi kognitif yang memerlukan intervensi dini untuk mencegah progresivitas menuju demensia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok (TAK) Stimulasi Kognitif dalam meningkatkan fungsi kognitif lansia dengan MCI di Panti Werdha. Menggunakan desain quasi-experimental pre-post test with control group, penelitian melibatkan 60 lansia (30 intervensi, 30 kontrol) yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Kelompok intervensi menerima TAK Stimulasi Kognitif dua kali seminggu selama 8 minggu, sementara kelompok kontrol menerima aktivitas rutin panti. Pengukuran fungsi kognitif menggunakan Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan skor MoCA pada kelompok intervensi (p<0.001) dibanding kontrol, dengan perbedaan mean 3.8 poin. TAK Stimulasi Kognitif terbukti efektif meningkatkan fungsi kognitif lansia dengan MCI dan potensial diimplementasikan dalam program rutin panti werdha.
Keywords: stimulasi kognitif, terapi aktivitas kelompok, mild cognitive impairment, lansia, panti werdha
 
ABSTRACT
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a condition of cognitive decline requiring early intervention to prevent progression to dementia. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Group Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (GCST) in improving cognitive function among elderly with MCI in nursing homes. Using a quasi-experimental pre-post test with control group design, the study involved 60 elderly participants (30 intervention, 30 control) selected through purposive sampling. The intervention group received GCST twice weekly for 8 weeks, while the control group participated in routine nursing home activities. Cognitive function was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results showed a significant improvement in MoCA scores in the intervention group (p<0.001) compared to the control group, with a mean difference of 3.8 points. GCST proved effective in improving cognitive function among elderly with MCI and shows potential for implementation in routine nursing home programs.
Keywords: cognitive stimulation, group activity therapy, mild cognitive impairment, elderly, nursing home
Aplikasi Konsep Green Design Berdasarkan Kriteria Penilaian Greenship Neighborhood Versi 1.0 pada Kawasan Terbangun Perumahan Grand City Balikpapan
Authors: Dewi Tiara Rukmaya , Putra Rullianor Syah , Jordan Nadia Almira , Nabila Nurhikma , Rahmadi Danu
Published: February 2025

Pemindahan Ibu Kota Negara Nusantara (IKN) memberikan dampak pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota yang pesat pada area penyangga Kota Balikpapan. Pertumbuhan yang dimaksud adalah penambahan area terbangun, peningkatan infrastruktur, dan peningkatan kesejahteraan. Namun dilain sisi, Pemindahan IKN Nusantara dapat semakin memperbesar dampak pemanasan global karena tingginya kontribusi emisi CO₂ khususnya yang dihasilkan oleh bangunan. Perumahan Grand City dipilih sebagai lokasi studi didasari atas konsep green yang telah diterapkan, luas lahan, serta ketersediaan masterplan dan dokumen lingkungan. Tujuan khususnya dengan  mengevaluasi konsep green pada Perumahan Grand City dengan rating tools Greenship Neighborhood Assessment. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif yaitu hasil penilaian pada objek penelitian dievaluasi dalam bentuk skor dengan menggunakan rating tools Greenship Neighborhood Assessment Version 1.0. Hasil yang didapatkan berdasarkan penilaian menggunakan greenship neighborhood versi 1.0 bahwa nilai maksimum secara keseluruhan sebesar 124, kawasan Perumahan Grand City mendapatkan nilai sebesar 28 dengan bobot 22,4% sehingga kawasan perumahan ini belum memenuhi peringkat apapun. Perolehan nilai yang paling tinggi adalah kategori Pergerakan dan Konektivitas dengan skor sebesar 7 dari nilai maksimum 26. Sedangkan, perolehan nilai yang paling rendah adalah Bangunan dan Energi (BAE) serta Inovasi Pengembangan dan Inovasi (IFD) dengan skor identik sebesar 2 dari nilai maksimum 15 untuk BAE dan 9 untuk IFD. Oleh karena itu, perlunya mewujudkan lingkungan Perumahan Grand City yang layak tinggal, nyaman dan efisien sesuai dengan rating tools Greenship Neighborhood Assessment Versi 1.0 di lingkungan perkotaan.
Analisis Persepsi Pengunjung Terhadap Infrastruktur Fungsi Sosial Taman Samarendah
Authors: Ayuni Nur , Syafitri Elin Diyah
Published: February 2025

Peraturan Walikota Samarinda Nomor 8 Tahun 2018 Tentang Masterplan Samarinda Smart City, dalam pilar Smart Society. Adapun program kerja dari Peraturan Walikota Samarinda Nomor 8 Tahun 2018 yaitu program peningkatan keamanan dan kenyamanan lingkungan dengan sasaran tercapainya stabilitas keamanan dan ketertiban serta iklim yang kondusif, dan dengan indikator menurunkan angka kriminalitas. Salah satu target masterplan Kota Samarinda yaitu peningkatan fungsi sosial Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Publik Taman Samarendah, keterlibatan masyarakat sangat diperlukan sebagai instrumen pembangunan perencanaan yang dilakukan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk Melakukan analisis persepsi pengunjung menggunakan analisis Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) terhadap infrastruktur fungsi sosial taman. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan pendekatan rasionalistik dengan menggunakan 17 variabel. Metode penelitian survey primer berupa penyebaran kuesioner. Diketahui bahwa berdasarkan hasil analisis fasilitas dengan nilai kepentingan tinggi namum kepuasannya masih tergolong rendah yaitu gazebo, pos jaga, toilet, ayunan, jungkat-jungkit, perosotan, ruang baca atau pojok baca, dan papan informasi. Hasil penelitian ini tidak hanya memberikan masukan penting bagi pihak berwenang untuk merumuskan strategi peningkatan kualitas Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) Publik di Samarinda, tetapi juga menekankan perlunya program peningkatan partisipasi masyarakat dalam pengelolaan fasilitas umum.Dengan melibatkan masyarakat secara aktif, diharapkan dapat tercipta rasa memiliki dan tanggung jawab bersama terhadap ruang publik. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi kebutuhan masyarakat yang mungkin belum terpenuhi, sehingga dapat dijadikan dasar untuk pengembangan fasilitas yang lebih sesuai. Dengan demikian, Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) dapat berfungsi optimal sebagai ruang sosial yang mendukung kesejahteraan masyarakat, sekaligus berkontribusi pada pencapaian tujuan masterplan secara keseluruhan, termasuk dalam upaya menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih aman dan nyaman bagi semua masyarakat.
Permodelan Banjir dan Strategi Mitigasi Bencana di Kelurahan Rapak Dalam
Authors: Caroline Pitaloka Febi Ayu , Rahmat Aris Pratomo
Published: February 2025

Bencana banjir adalah bencana alam yang terjadi akibat dari faktor alam dan faktor manusia. Seperti yang terjadi pada Kelurahan Rapak Dalam Kota Samarinda yang banjirnya diakibatkan dari faktor alam dan manusia. Bencana banjir di Keluarhan Rapak Dalam berawal dari semakin pesatnya pembangunan kawasan perumahan dan  permukiman yang tidak memperhatikan fungsi dari guna lahan yang ada. Sehingga banyak kasus perubahan fungsi lahan yang awalnya didominasi oleh sawah dan semak belukar kini banyak berubah menjadi perumahan dan permukiman serta penggalian dan pertambangan tanah, batu dan pasir. Sehingga mempengaruhi fungsi infiltrasi dan mengakibatkan limpasan. Banjir akibat faktor alam seperti curah hujan serta topografi dari Kelurahan Rapak Dalam yang termasuk kawasan dataran rendah juga menjadi faktor penyebab banjir. Di tahun 2018 pada Kecamatan Rapak Dalam terjadi  banjir besar setelah 10 tahun terakhir dengan ketinggian banjir 1.20 meter dan sekitar 10.000 jiwa harus mengungsi akibat durasi hujan yang lama serta DAS Rapak Dalam yang merupakan DAS utama pada Kelurahan Rapak Dalam tidak lagi mampu manampung air limpasan dan mengakibatkan banjir. Hingga saat ini intensitas kejadian banjir makin sering terjadi walupun dengan curah hujan yang tidak derasa namun jika dalam intensitas waktu yang lama maka akan terjadi limpasa. Sehingga dibutuhkan adanya strategi yang dapat membantu menangani permasalahan banjir walaupun marak terjadi perubahan fungsi lahan. Dalam mengembangkan strategi mitigasi diperlukan adanya permodelan hidrologi yang memprediksi kejadian banjir akibat perubahan guna lahan dengan intensitas curah hujan yang sama pada tahun 2018. Pemodelan hidroligi digunakan dalam menghitung debit banjir agar dapat memberikan strategi mitigasi yang sesuai agar dapat optimal.
Evaluasi Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah Kota Pangkalpinang Tahun 2011-2030 Berdasarkan Sebaran Kerawanan Banjir
Authors: Fitriansyah Hadi , Ajrina Fadiah Izzah , Caesar Muhammad Yusuf , Maulidya Haya Aqilah
Published: February 2025

Banjir terjadi ketika air sungai meluap dan menggenangi area datar di sekitarnya karena sungai tidak mampu menampung air yang berlebih. Kota Pangkalpinang sebagai ibu kota Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung memiliki beberapa titik lokasi yang menjadi langganan banjir ketika musim penghujan. Terdapat 192 jumlah kejadian bencana banjir di 7 kecamatan, oleh karena itu menentukan wilayah rawan banjir sangatlah penting bagi pengambil keputusan untuk perencanaan serta lebih memahami daerah-daerah rawan banjir dan mengambil tindakan pencegahan yang lebih efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran wilayah rawan banjir dan menganalisis keterkaitan rencana pola ruang RTRW Kota Pangkalpinang Tahun 2011-2030 terhadap wilayah rawan banjir. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode skoring, pembobotan dan overlay menggunakan aplikasi ArcMap 10.8. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kemiringan lereng, ketinggian lahan, jenis tanah, penggunaan lahan, dan curah hujan. Pentingnya dilakukan evaluasi Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Kota Pangkalpinang tahun 2011-2030 terhadap kerawanan banjir di Kota Pangkalpinang. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kelas bahaya banjir di Kota Pangkalpinang didominasi oleh kelas rendah seluas 910,74 ha, kelas sedang seluas 5.959,63 ha dan kelas tinggi seluas 3.559,90 ha. Manfaat dari evaluasi rencana tata ruang wilayah Kota Pangkalpinang berdasarkan sebaran kerawanan banjir diantarannya yaitu; untuk meningkatkan waspada pemerintah dan masyarakat terhadap bencana banjir, pemerintah kota dapat memanfaatkan hasil ini untuk memperkuat langkah mitigasi banjir, meningkatkan efektivitas perencanaan dan pengelolaan lingkungan, dan mengoptimalkan penggunaan lahan. Rencana pola ruang berdasarkan potensi kerawanan banjir pada Kawasan Lindung seluas 1.274,98 Ha mendominasi kelas rawan banjir tinggi, sedangkan untuk Kawasan Budidaya seluas 5.275,52 Ha mendominasi kelas kerawanan sedang.