bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Game—FloraPark (the Flower Game): A Supply Chain Contract and Collaboration Simulation
Authors: Zhao Yao , Park Arim , Rudna Olena , Song Ju Myung
Published: May 2023

Intensive competition among supply chains often forces trading partners to collaborate despite their conflict of interests. Supply chain contracts and collaboration theory is well established in the academic literature to align the interests but much less conveyed to students and industry professionals for a practical impact. Although the Beer Game captures the bullwhip effect and the value of information sharing, it ignores the conflict of interests, that is, price and quantity bargaining, among the trading partners. We describe a new online teaching game, the FloraPark simulation (“the flower game” at https://flower.gamespots.net/ ), based on real-life events in the international fresh-cut flower supply chains, for students to learn supply chain collaboration via contracts in a setting of multiple supply chains competing in the same market. Students play trading partners in the flower supply chains and experiment with the push, pull, and advanced purchasing discount contracts by negotiating wholesale prices and quantities to achieve the conflicting objectives of (1) collaboration to beat other supply chains, and (2) bargaining to protect their own interests from their trading partners.

Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2022.0035 .
The Real Effects of Ratings Actions: Evidence from Corporate Asset Sales
Authors: Bongaerts Dion , Schlingemann Frederik
Published: May 2023

We investigate whether and through which channel credit rating downgrades induce corporate restructurings. For a comprehensive sample, we find a strong and robust link between rating actions and subsequent restructuring activity and hypothesize these could be disciplinary (ex post efficient) or meant to counter tighter financial constraints (ex post inefficient). Based on the self-reported restructuring types and the choice of assets sold, we find evidence for rating-induced asset sales aimed to relax financial constraints. We find no evidence of firms addressing inefficiencies in their assets allocations as a result of rating actions.

This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.

Funding: F. Schlingemann gratefully acknowledges the financial support from the Barry J. Epstein Fellowship and the H.R. and Betty Young Fellowship. D. Bongaerts gratefully acknowledges the financial support from the Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek Veni grant [Grant 016.135.059].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4754 .
ECG of the Month
Authors: Regan Martin
Published: May 2023

In this issue’s ECG of the month, Martin Regan presents the case of a 96-year-old man who was referred to cardiology by his GP with breathlessness and tiredness.
Based on the Numerical Simulation Analysis of the Impact of Coal Mining in the Land Conservation Area
Authors: Mu Pengfei , Ji Yadong , Zhou Yang , Shi Zhiyuan , Li Debin
Published: May 2023

As China pays more attention to the protection of water resources, there are overlapping areas between the planned reservoir conservation area and planned coal mine field. In the coal mining process, a water-conducting fracture zone is formed after the roof of the goaf is damaged, and cracks also generated on the surface of the mining area. In order to study the effect of coal mining on the recharge of surface water into the reservoir in the land conservation area, FLAC3D and Visual MODFLOW are used to simulate the development law of water-conducting fracture zone and surface subsidence cracks in the roof of the coal seam after coal mining in the land conservation area of the reservoir. Prediction and analysis on the change of the reservoir recharge capacity after coal mining in the land reserve are conducted. The results show that the maximum growth height of the water-conducting fracture zone in the overlying strata of the goaf after coal mining in the secondary land conservation area of the reservoir is not connected with the surface subsidence fracture. However, coal mining induces partial aquifer drainage in the roof of the coal seam, increasing the amount of surface water flowing to groundwater. Therefore, the maximum drop in the water level of the reservoir is 0.19 m, and the maximum recharge of the reservoir is 52,900 m33/a, accounting for 0.89% of the total recharge. It demonstrates that coal mining in the secondary land conservation area has little effect on the recharge of the reservoir. On the basis of good ecological compensation, water saving and comprehensive utilization of mine water, coal mines need to further carry out research on mitigating the adverse effects of coal mining on the reservoir’s land conservation area.
Law and (Dis)order in the South China Sea: Analyzing Maritime Law-Enforcement Activities in 2010–22
Authors: Nguyen Hong Kong To
Published: May 2023

executive summary: This article assesses the role of maritime law-enforcement (MLE) vessels in an apparent trend of heightened competition in the South China Sea and identifies patterns in the maritime policing by MLE vessels of the disputing South China Sea claimants during unplanned encounters at sea. main argumentThe South China Sea disputes, involving six political entities—China, Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines—have been a political flashpoint in Southeast Asia since the 1970s. The emergence and growing prominence of civilian MLE vessels (conventionally known as marine police or coast guard vessels) suggests that disputants are taking new measures to assert their claims without overtly militarizing them. Maritime policing has increased in frequency and intensity in the past decade. Yet, when considering four factors—the use of forcible measures, physical damage, human injuries/casualties, and diplomatic protests—an analysis of publicly reported naval incidents in the South China Sea between 2010 and 2022 suggests that conflict escalation primarily happens at sea between the crews. Such incidents, which range from single-day events to months-long confrontations, have, in the worst cases, resulted in intense diplomatic standoffs lasting longer than two months. In general, however, disputants have refrained from taking hostile political or legal actions against harassment at sea. policy implications• Given that reducing misunderstanding and mitigating the risks of physical confrontations is of benefit to all the South China Sea disputants, ongoing talks for a code of conduct for the sea should include a proper legal framework for MLE operations. This framework—to be separate from the existing Code for Unplanned Encounters at Sea, which only applies to naval vessels—should stipulate the threat and/or use of force at sea by MLE vessels because coast guard enforcement duties may require different levels of force. • Disputants should re-establish and refocus talks to address joint fisheries and marine resource management in disputed waters. They would also benefit from reinforcing the regional hotline for maritime emergencies and setting up a crisis management hotline at the coast guard level. • Regional MLE agencies should increase communications both onshore and offshore and hold joint exercises and exchanges that would increase mutual understanding and trust, which would subsequently help prevent unexpected consequences.
Implicit function characterization of the curvilinear mask to realize parametric optical proximity correction with a neighborhood parallel tabu search
Authors: Wei Pengzhi , Li Yanqiu , Li Zhaoxuan , Yuan Miao , Yang He
Published: May 2023

The curvilinear mask structures provide significant benefits in improving lithographic resolution. Curvilinear masks, as opposed to rectilinear masks, have a wider range of structure types that can be used precisely to correct the contour of diffraction at sharp technological nodes. However, the curvilinear structure also makes the inverse design of mask in optical proximity correction (OPC) flow difficult. The current OPC of curvilinear masks uses pixel-based inverse optimization, which is extremely computationally intensive and takes up a lot of design data storage space. This paper proposes an implicit function to represent a large number of curve types with a small number of parameters to reduce computational complexity and the R&D cycle. Therefore, the ultra-high dimensional pixel-based OPC problem is transformed into a low-dimensional parameter search problem in the critical diffraction area of the mask pattern. The tabu search algorithm and neighborhood parallel computing strategy are then used to quickly search for optimal characterized parameters. The results of the simulation show that the parametric curvilinear OPC method achieves a higher image fidelity than that of rectilinear OPC. At the same time, it addresses the shortcomings of the traditional pixelated curvilinear mask OPC method, including high computational complexity, low manufacturability, and storage space occupancy.
Resonant-cavity-enhanced infrared detector incorporating an ultra-thin type-II superlattice: design and simulation
Authors: Feng Qingsong , Liu Bingfeng , Chen Yang , Gong Ruixin , Zhu Lianqing , Liu Yuan , Dong Mingli
Published: May 2023

A resonant-cavity-enhanced type-II superlattice (T2SL) infrared
detector based on a metal grating has been designed to address the
weak photon capture and low quantum efficiency (QE) issues of T2SL
infrared detectors. Simulations have been conducted to analyze the
effects of metal grating parameters, including length, thickness, and
incident angle, on the spectral response and absorptivity of the
absorption layers in T2SL infrared detectors. By optimizing the
design, an appropriate resonant cavity structure was obtained.
Research results indicate that the resonant cavity structure can
significantly enhance the absorption rate of a T2SL infrared detector
with a 0.2 µm thick absorption layer in the 3–5 µm
wavelength range, observing peak absorption rates at 3.82 µm
and 4.73 µm, with values of 97.6% and 98.2%, respectively. The
absorption rate of the 0.2 µm thick T2SL absorption layer at
peak wavelengths increased from 6.03% and 2.3% to 54.48% and 27.91%,
respectively. The implementation of the resonant-cavity-enhanced T2SL
infrared detector improves the QE while reducing absorption layer
thickness, thus opening up new avenues for improving T2SL detector
performance.
Optical design of a reflective double-grating spectrometer to detect one branch in the pure rotational Raman spectrum of N2
Authors: Wang Lifu , Chen He , Zhang Yinchao , Chen Siying , Guo Pan , Tan Wangshu , Jiang Yurong , Li Xin
Published: May 2023

This paper presents the optical design of a high-resolution double-grating spectrometer for extracting the multiple lines in the Stokes or anti-Stokes branch of the pure rotational Raman spectra of nitrogen. The spectrometer is composed of collimating and focusing mirrors, two reflective gratings, and a linear detector. The structural parameters were calculated using geometric configuration, dispersion, and aberrational theory, and conditions for first-order correction of keystone distortion with divergent grating illumination were derived. Based on this method, we simulated a spectrometer with a 16-channel linear array photomultiplier tube, resulting in uniformly distributed single-branch lines on each detector channel. The resolution reached 0.225 nm per channel, and the keystone distortion was less than 0.7%. The spectrometer avoids the interference of elastic signals by not detecting them, enabling the extraction of atmospheric temperature profiles via separated single-branch lines with high precision. Our design provides a promising solution to extract atmospheric temperature profiles for pure rotational Raman lidar.
Controllable magnon-induced transparency in a ferromagnetic material via cross- and self-Kerr effects
Authors: Munir Akhtar , Abbas Muqaddar , Ziauddin  , Liu Wu-Ming , Zhang Pei
Published: May 2023

Nonlinear interactions between optical fields and magnetic modes in cavity magnonics constitute a rich source of various nontrivial effects in optics and quantum information processing. In cavity magnonics, biased ferromagnetic material exhibits both magnetostatic and Kittle modes due to field inhomogeneity. Here, we propose a scheme for the investigation of probe field transmission profiles in cavity magnonic systems composed of a microwave cavity and a ferromagnetic material (yttrium iron garnet sphere). We report single-to-double magnon-induced transparency (MIT) dips and a sharp magnon-induced absorption peak, and demonstrate how nonlinear cross- and self-Kerr interactions can significantly enhance or suppress these phenomena. It is observed that the splitting of the MIT window occurs when we incorporate magnon–magnon mode coupling, which helps to introduce a degree of freedom to light–matter interaction problems. Moreover, we investigate the propagation of group delay in the vicinity of transparency and demonstrate how a sharp dip allows the realization of slow light for a longer period of time. We found that both the cavity–Kittle and magnon–magnon mode coupling parameters influence the propagation of group delay, which demonstrates how subluminal-to-superluminal (and vice versa) propagation phenomena may occur and transform. These findings could pave the way for future research into nonlinear effects with novel applications in cavity magnonics devices, which might be exploited for several applications such as quantum computing devices and quantum memories.
Free-standing, microscale, mode-selective photonic lantern supported by a truss structure
Authors: Dana Yoav , Garcia Yehudit , Marom Dan M.
Published: May 2023

We design, fabricate and characterize a three-mode selective photonic lantern using 3D waveguides made of photopolymer core and air cladding. Although the waveguides exhibit high index contrast, cross-talk between mode groups measures below -10dB.
A 224 Gbps/λ O-Band Coherent Link for Intra-Data Center Applications
Authors: Maharry Aaron , Misak Stephen , Andrade Hector , Liu Junqian , Gilardi Giovanni , Liao Sean , Liu Ansheng , Akulova Yuliya , Coldren Larry , Buckwalter James F. , Schow Clint L.
Published: May 2023

We present the first >200 G bps/λ O-band optical link with integrated transmitter and receiver photonic and electronic ICs. 224 Gbps/λ DP-QPSK transmission is demonstrated below the 3.8 . 10
−
3 HD-FEC threshold with 6.8 pJ/bit power consumption.
P4-based Telemetry Processing for Fast Soft Failure Recovery in Packet-Optical Networks
Authors: Cugini Filippo , Natalino Carlos , Scano Davide , Paolucci Francesco , Monti Paolo
Published: May 2023

A novel framework for in-network P4 processing of distributed multi-layer telemetry data is presented, enabling effective soft failure detection and recovery strategies enforced in just a few microseconds.
Sweep-free Brillouin Optical Correlation Domain Analysis utilizing Digital Optical Frequency Comb
Authors: He Huan , Chen Shuyan , Zhao Can , Zhao Zhiyong , Fu Songnian , Tang Ming
Published: May 2023

We propose and demonstrate a probe sweep-free Brillouin optical correlation domain analysis sensor based on digital optical frequency comb, where acquisitions of Brillouin gain spectrum reach 20 kSa/s at arbitrary position with 10-cm spatial resolution.
4x 200 Gb/s EML-Array with a Single MQW Layer Stack
Authors: Theurer M. , Kottke C. , Freund R. , Ganzer F. , Runge P. , Moehrle M. , Troppenz U. , Sigmund A. , Schell M.
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate an EML-array for up to 4x200 Gb/s PAM4 modulation at 45°C. Its single MQW layer stack design allows for low-cost fabrication. The device is optimized for equal performance over four LAN-WDM wavelength channels.
Deep-learning-enabled High Electrical-spectral-efficiency Direct Detection with Reduced Computation Complexity
Authors: Li Xingfeng , Li Jingchi , An Shaohua , Liu Hudi , Shieh William , Su Yikai
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a 50-GBaud complex-valued double-sideband 16-QAM signal transmission over 80-km single-mode fiber with 64% computational-budget reduction in field reconstruction. This is achieved by using 1×1 convolutions for dimensionality sparsification.
Atomic Clocks Technologies for Twin-Field QKD in Real World
Authors: Clivati Cecilia , Meda Alice , Donadello Simone , Levi Filippo , Genovese Marco , Mura Alberto , Virzì Salvatore , Pittaluga Mirko , Yuan Zhiliang , Shields Andrew J. , Lucamarini Marco , Degiovanni Ivo P. , Calonico Davide
Published: May 2023

Twin-field quantum key distribution on optical fibers, a promising approach to long-distance secure communication, can take advantage from atomic clocks technologies such as narrow linewidth lasers and phase-coherent distribution of optical pulses. We will describe the integration of these technologies in a TF-QKD setup implemented on an ex-tended metropolitan fiber network and report on the expected QKD performances.
Practical high-speed Gaussian coherent state continuous variable quantum key distribution with real-time parameter monitoring and post-processed key distillation
Authors: Weerasinghe Amanda , Alhussein Muataz , Li He , Wonfor Adrian , Penty Richard
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate Gaussian modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution at 50MHz symbol rate. Unlike most demonstrations, we record received signals in real-time and distil keys, producing a record 3Mb/s key rate after 25km transmission.
Optical RAM and Optical Cache Memories for Computing
Authors: Alexoudi T. , Vagionas C. , Pappas C. , Moschos T. , Pleros N.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we present the recent progress and achievements of optical RAM technologies expanding from single RAM cells up to fully functional optical cache memory implementations for future Computing architectures.
LCOS based Flexible Spatial Channel Switch for Heterogeneous SDM Fiber Network
Authors: Goto Yuta , Shinada Satoshi , Hirota Yusuke , Furukawa Hideaki
Published: May 2023

We propose an LCOS based flexible spatial channel switch for a heterogeneous SDM fiber network which can easily connect different types of SDM fibers without FIFO. The switching operation was confirmed by measuring OSNR and BER characteristics.
Automated Assembly of 500-Count, Laser-Welded, Fiber-Optic Arrays at Density Limit
Authors: Marciante John R. , Adamson Per , Balonek Robert , Cinquino Mike , Lawson Joey , Leidner Jordan P.
Published: May 2023

We have developed a new technique for high-count fiber array connector production. Fully automated manufacturing was demonstrated for 500-count arrays with 250µm center-to-center spacing and sub-micron placement for arbitrary fiber type in any 2D configuration.
High-resolution Radiation Characterization for an Uniformly Emitted SiNx Nanophotonic Phased Array
Authors: Sun Caiming , Li Binghui , Ding Ning , Zhang Aidong
Published: May 2023

With a high-resolution characterization setup, waveguide modes are clearly observed in near-field radiation patterns of SiNx nano-antennas. This phased array has uniform emission throughout the antenna within 3dB bandwidth of 120 nm from 785-905 nm.
Sub-THz wireless transmission based on Graphene on Silicon Nitride integrated photonics
Authors: Montanaro A. , Piccinini G. , Mišeikis V. , Sorianello V. , Giambra M.A. , Soresi S. , Giorgi L. , D’Errico A. , Watanabe K. , Taniguchi T. , Pezzini S. , Coletti C. , Romagnoli M.
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate the first wireless transmission based on graphene, using an integrated photonic device enabling up-conversion in the sub-THz range. Our approach opens the perspective to the realization of antenna arrays based on integrated photonics.
Self-Homodyne Coherent Transmission with All-Optical Clock Synchronization for DSP-Free Co-Packaged Optics
Authors: Zhang Mingming , Li Weihao , Chen Yizhao , Hu Zihe , Tang Ming
Published: May 2023

Utilizing the all-optical clock delivery and synchronization, we successfully achieved baud-rate sampled 40-Gbaud DP-16QAM self-homodyne transmission with 1.92 Tbps aggregated capacity over 3.5-km MCF, yielding a promising solution for the DSP-free coherent co-packaged optics.
Sub-ms Data Recovery at 1,000-port Scale Optical Switch Developed with Customized Practical Devices
Authors: Moriwaki Osamu , Yonenaga Kazushige , Ide Satoshi , Takachio Noboru , Onaka Hiroshi , Suzuki Kenya
Published: May 2023

We have successfully demonstrated a large optical switching system with short switching times. Our transient time optimized digital coherent DSP, wavelength tunable laser, and silica- based PLC switch are the key components of the system.
Ultra-dense 3D integrated 5.3 Tb/s/mm2 80 micro-disk modulator transmitter
Authors: Daudlin Stuart , Lee Sunwoo , Kilwani Devesh , Ou Christine , Rizzo Anthony , Wang Songli , Cullen Michael , Molnar Alyosha , Bergman Keren
Published: May 2023

A large-scale array of 80 micro-disk modulators is densely bonded to an electronic chip and driven at 10 Gb/s/modulator for an unprecedented 5.3 Tb/s/mm2 bandwidth density and 50 fJ/bit energy consumption.
WDM-compatible integrated photonic computing core for implementing a neural network
Authors: Zhao Zhenyu , Zheng Shuang , Zhang Weifeng
Published: May 2023

We propose and design an energy-efficient integrated photonic computing core by using a microdisk resonator-assisted Mach-Zehnder interferometer. With the use of the fabricated silicon photonic chip, an optical convolutional neural network for image classification is experimentally demonstrated.
Demonstration of Packet-Optical Intent-Based Survivability Using Mininet-Optical
Authors: Pinto Rossano P. , Cesila Celso H. , Mayer Kayol S. , Portilla Andres F. E. , Arantes Dalton S. , Mello Darli A. A. , Rothenberg Christian E.
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate packet-optical intent-based networking with survivability in tents in a Mininet-Optical testbed. The intent agent negotiates intents with users based on path availability and allocates end-to-end connectivity services.
Demonstration of Voice User Interface for Intelligent Network Orchestration
Authors: Xu Xiaonan , Chen Haoshuo , Simsarian Jesse E. , Ryf Roland , Mazur Mikael , Dallachiesa Lauren , Fontaine Nicolas K. , Neilson David T.
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a voice user interface for ONOS, where natural language processing (NLP) is applied to translate human-spoken language into ONOS northbound API requests and to answer network-related questions with numerical reasoning.
Enhancing cross layer monitoring on open optical transport networks
Authors: Ellsworth Nathan , Zhang Tianliang , Troia Sebastian , Maier Guido , Fumagalli Andrea
Published: May 2023

Continuous monitoring of key network elements is instrumental in intelligent control and predictive analysis. This demonstration illustrates implementation challenges that are encountered in cross-layer monitoring of optical transport networks in an open-source network operations platform.
Simultaneous 1080-Channel Control and Measurement for Photonic IC
Authors: Afif M. R. N. , Hadi A. F. , Hadi M. I. , Rafi M. I. , Abdullah M. R. , Mahendra A.
Published: May 2023

An integrated source-measurement unit (SMU) system that can be scaled up to 1080 channels is developed. This platform can drive and measure current and voltage for many use cases including photonic integrated circuits (PICs).
Direct-detection receiver for QPSK-modulated signals
Authors: Bekele Dagmawi , Sahoo Hitesh , Kong Deming , Galili Michael , Yvind Kresten , Oxenløwe Leif Katsuo , Mørk Jesper
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a novel optical receiver for direct-detection of QPSK signals using microring-based photonic integrated circuit. The QPSK signal is converted into a PAM7 electrical signal, and demodulated without the need for a local oscillator.
Open Disaggregated Optical Network Control with Network Management as Code
Authors: Errea Javier , Quang Huy Tran , Verchere Dominique , Thieu Huu Trung , Mazzini Andrea , Abnaou Lahcen , Pesic Jelena , Curtol Marina , Imadi Abdelali El , Ksentini Adlen , Zeghlache Djamal
Published: May 2023

Network Management as Code is presented to manage the infrastructure and deployment of control functions in a declarative manner by adopting GitOps in open disaggregated optical networks. We introduce an Automation Engine that analyzes topology changes to trigger the Continuous Delivery procedure of SDN applications on a micro-service architecture.
Remote Digital Holographic Characterization of a 75.2 km Few-Mode Fiber without Reference Wave Transfer
Authors: Kawai Akira , Shimizu Shimpei , Shibahara Kohki , Kobayashi Takayuki , Miyamoto Yutaka
Published: May 2023

We characterized inter-mode-group crosstalk of 75.2-km-long three-mode fiber transmission lines with a full-field digital holography system in which a reference wave is “remotely” generated at the output side by utilizing optical injection locking.
Demonstration of a High-Power and High-Reflection- Tolerance Semiconductor Laser for Co-Packaged Optics
Authors: Cheng Ning , Ban Dechao , Zheng Xuezhe
Published: May 2023

A high-power (>100mW) semiconductor laser is demonstrated with a small far-field divergence of 9.3° × 17.6°. Under a ‐19.8dB back-reflection, this laser exhibits little changes in relative intensity noise and almost no power penalty for 53Gbd/s PAM4 transmission.
25G+ Distance-Adaptive Visible Light Communications Enabled by Entropy Loading
Authors: Loureiro Pedro A. , Guiomar Fernando P. , Monteiro Paulo P.
Published: May 2023

Using probabilistic shaping together with multi-carrier modulation and entropy loading, we experimentally demonstrate a distance-adaptive RGB-VLC system operating with diffuse white light and supporting record-high bit rates of 26-46 Gbit/s over 50-200 cm.
Low-Noise Phase-Sensitive Optical Parametric Amplifier with Local Pump Generation using Digital Frequency and Phase Control
Authors: Larsson Rasmus , Vijayan Kovendhan , Schröder Jochen , Andrekson Peter A.
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a novel, lossless approach, eliminating the need to co-propagate pumps in phase-sensitive parametric amplifier-based links, by control loops creating a locked pump within the amplifier. Gain, noise and BER measurements validate the performance.
30-Gbaud PM-16-QAM transmission over E-, S-, C- and L- band with hybrid Raman amplifier
Authors: Hazarika Pratim , Donodin Aleksandr , Tan Mingming , Phillips Ian , Harper Paul , Forysiak Wladek
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate 50km, 30-Gbaud PM-16QAM transmission with a hybrid distributed- discrete Raman amplifier over 25.8THz bandwidth. E-band distributed Raman amplification shows 0.7dB averaged Q2-penalty, versus 1.9dB and 0.9dB due to S-band and C+L-band discrete Raman amplification.
PROPH: A Contention-free and Elastic Bandwidth Scheduling Scheme for AWGR-based Optical DCN
Authors: Zhang Xinwei , Xue Xuwei , Guo Bingli , Su Xiaoyue , Zhao Yisong , Guo Yuanzhi , Huang Shanguo
Published: May 2023

A contention-free scheduling scheme PROPH is proposed for AWGR-based optical DCN to elastically allocate adaptable bandwidth. Assessments validate that the network deploying PROPH decreases 73.6% packet loss and 11.9% server-to-server latency, improves 11.6% network throughput.
GCN-Assisted SnF Scheduling Method for Inter-Datacenter Bulk Transfers
Authors: Lin Xiao , Zheng Lanfang , Li Yajie , Shi Keqin
Published: May 2023

A GCN-assisted scheduling method is presented to schedule bulk transfers across the inter-DCN in a store-and-forward manner. Simulations demonstrate that the pro-posed method obtains better network performance and lower complexity than the conventional methods.
How Data Center Networks Can Improve Through Co-packaged Optics
Authors: Maniotis P. , Schares L. , Kuchta D. M.
Published: May 2023

Building higher-radix switches with co-packaged optics can help improving network locality in data center networks. Simulations show completion time reductions of up to 40% for an all-to-all communication pattern and a network stack latency of 1.25 μs.
Multi-Parameter AI-Based Bandwidth Compensation for Energy-Efficient 800G Transmission
Authors: Fernandes Marco A. , Messias Adriano C. , de M. Vilela Tomaz , Formiga Daniel A. , Reis Jacklyn D. , Monteiro Paulo P. , Guiomar Fernando P.
Published: May 2023

We propose a novel energy-efficient AI-based bandwidth compensation technique that jointly optimizes Tx and Rx static filters. Experimental demonstration in a 800G system reveals gains of more than 1 dB when compared with typical digital pre-emphasis.
4.8 Tb/s PS-PAM-8 Bidirectional Transmission over 10-km 24-core Fiber Using Linear Equalization at O-Band
Authors: Yang Chao , Fan Runzhe , Yu Huang , Guo Hao , Peng Chuyu , Luo Ming , Xiao Xi
Published: May 2023

4.8-Tb/s PS-PAM-8 bidirectional transmission is experimentally demonstrated over 10-km 24-core fiber with SOA using only linear equalization at O-band. The experimental results indicate that the MCFs are well-suited for optical short-reach systems employing IM/DD.
On the Impact of Frequency Variation on Nonlinearity Mitigation using Frequency Combs
Authors: Sohanpal Ronit , Sillekens Eric , Ferreira Filipe M. , Killey Robert I. , Bayvel Polina , Liu Zhixin
Published: May 2023

We investigated the impact of linewidth and dithering-induced frequency variation on the performance of nonlinearity mitigation using frequency combs. Compared to independent laser arrays, >2dB SNR gain can be achieved using comb sources.
Highly Scalable WDM Nonlinear Frequency Division Multiplexed Transmission System using Spectral Overlap
Authors: Schulz Olaf , Moscoso-Mártir Alvaro , Witzens Jeremy , Pachnicke Stephan
Published: May 2023

We present a highly scalable PIC-based nonlinear frequency division multiplexed transmission system in which b-modulated channels are wavelength division multiplexed with spectral overlap so as to obtain a seamless spectrum without frequency guard bands.
Gbps-Class Solar-Blind WDM Optical Wireless Communication By (264, 274, 282)-nm Deep-UV LEDs and CsTe Photomultiplier Tube
Authors: Yoshida Yuki , Kojima Kazunobu , Shiraiwa Masaki , Kanno Atsushi , Hirano Akira , Nagasawa Yosuke , Ippommatsu Masamichi , Yamamoto Naokatsu , Chichibu Shigefusa F. , Awaji Yoshinari
Published: May 2023

A Gbps-class wavelength-division multiplexing transmission within the solar-blind band was demonstrated for the first time with (264, 274, 282)-nm AlGaN-based LEDs and a CsTe photomultiplier-tube over a 2-m weakly-collimated free-space link in standard indoor illumination.
Adaptive Optics for Satellite Laser Communications
Authors: Saito Yoshihiko , Kolev Dimitar , Nakazono Jun , Abe Yuma , Toyoshima Morio
Published: May 2023

The development of laser communication technology between satellites and ground stations has been paid attention recently. On the other hand, the laser communication between satellites and ground stations is always affected by the atmospheric condition. We can compensate this effect by applying the technology of Adaptive Optics that is used for astronomical observation.

We started the development of Adaptive Optics for laser communication in NICT from 2019 and completed the manufacture of Adaptive Optics for Koganei 1-m telescope in 2021 fiscal year. We performed the initial inspection of the performance of this system in March 2022. Although it was just simulation using artificial light source in our inspection, we can confirm the performance of AO of Koganei 1-m telescope is enough to improve the fiber coupling efficiency. In this paper, we describe the detail of Adaptive Optics for laser communication in NICT.
On the advantages of principal modes for multimode SDM transmission systems
Authors: Barbosa Fabio A. , Ferreira Filipe M.
Published: May 2023

MISO array size is shown to scale sublinearly with an increasing number of tributaries under modal dynamics and mode-dependent loss with up to 330 principal modes over a fibre optimised for low modal dispersion.
Photon-pair generation from two silicon micro-rings using the recycled optical power from a contra-directional pump-reject filter
Authors: Afifi Abdelrahman E. , Pfenning Andreas T. , Shekhar Sudip , Chrostowski Lukas , Young Jeff F.
Published: May 2023

Two micro-ring resonators are integrated with two contra-directional pump-reject filters in a pump-reuse configuration showing a 55% increase in the coincidence counts from both sources compared to a single source at 1mW input pump power.
Full 3-inch Wafer Processed 1060 nm Single-mode Transverse Coupled-cavity VCSEL for Data Transmission in Standard 1300nm Single-mode Fiber
Authors: Ge Chang , Zhang Boxuan , Gu Xiaodong , Kinoshita Susumu , Koyama Fumio
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate full-3inch-wafer processed 1060nm single-mode metal-aperture VCSEL, exhibiting 1300nm-standard single-mode fiber transmission. We obtained a bandwidth･distance product of 2.5Tbps･km. The modal-intensity noise in two-modes fiber link is suppressed with mode-filters.
Novel Blue-green Light Phased Array by Light-sheet-excited One-dimension Strip Grating Array
Authors: Liu Weiwei , Li Binghui , Sun Caiming
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a novel blue-green light phased array by light-sheet-excited 1D strip waveguide grating with nearly spot emission profile. By tuning wavelength, the range 15° of beam steering was achieved.
Ultrahigh-speed silicon-based modulators/photodetectors for optical interconnects
Authors: Hu Xiao , Wu Dingyi , Zhang Hongguang , Chen Daigao , Wang Lei , Xiao Xi , Yu Shaohua
Published: May 2023

We present our recent progress on the silicon photonic devices for next-generation optical interconnects. The 300 Gbit/s silicon microring modulator, 200 Gbit/s Ge EAM and 408 Gbit/s Ge-Si photodetector with the highest bandwidth of 110 GHz are presented. Single-chip 1.6 Tbit/s silicon-based optical transceiver is also demonstrated.
1255-1355 nm (17.6 THz) Bandwidth O-band Bismuth Doped Fiber Amplifier Pumped Using Uncooled Multimode (MM) 915 nm Laser Diode
Authors: Mikhailov V. , Sun Y. , Luo J. , Khan F. , Inniss D. , Dulashko Y. , Lee M. , Mann J. , Windeler R.S. , Westbrook P.S. , Nicholson J.W. , DiGiovanni D.J.
Published: May 2023

We report BDFA with >20 dB gain over 1255-1355 nm bandwidth (17.6 THz) with maximum gain of 29.3 dB and corresponding NF of 4.6 dB (λ=1300 nm, Pin=-20 dBm). The BDFA has electrical power consumption of 8.1-9.6 W over 20-70 ºC.
Probabilistic Shaping Methods for Linear and Nonlinear Channels
Authors: Civelli S. , Forestieri E. , Secondini M.
Published: May 2023

The main methods and achievements regarding probabilistic shaping are reviewed, highlighting the primary difficulties and opportunities.
Practical Fiber Considerations for High-Capacity Systems: From Campus to Long Haul
Authors: McCool Roshene A.
Published: May 2023

The challenges and opportunities for optical fibers in high-capacity systems from Campus to Long-Haul is discussed. System enhancements can be delivered by constrained fiber zero-dispersion wavelengths, increased fiber bend resilience and reduced fiber outer diameter.
Coherent O-band Transmission of 4×25 GBd DP-16QAM Channels Over a 50 km BDFA-Equipped Link
Authors: Taengnoi Natsupa , Bottrill Kyle R. H. , Hong Yang , Wang Yu , Sahu Jayanta , Hanzo Lajos , Richardson David J. , Petropoulos Periklis
Published: May 2023

The first WDM O-band coherent transmission experiment in a BDFA-amplified link is reported. Four 25 GBd DP‑16QAM channels (4×200 Gb/s) are transmitted over 50 km of fiber, occupying a bandwidth of 4.7 THz.
Experimental Demonstration of a 96 Channel WDM-FSO System Based Mobile Fronthaul with 1024QAM Delta-Sigma-Modulation
Authors: Wang Kaihui , Zhu Bowen , Wei Yi , Wang Chen , Zhou Wen , Zhao Li , Chen Yun , Zhao Xianmin , Yu Jianjun
Published: May 2023

For the first time, we experimentally demonstrate a 96-Channel WDM-FSO mobile fronthaul system, which can support 7.68Tbit/s PDM-OFDM-1024QAM signals delivery over 2-km SMF and 104m FSO link with the aid of 1-bit delta-sigma modulation.
Machine learning based joint polarization and phase compensation for CV-QKD
Authors: Chin Hou-Man , Hajomer Adnan A.E. , Jain Nitin , Andersen Ulrik L. , Gehring Tobias
Published: May 2023

We investigated a machine learning method for joint estimation of polarization and phase for use in a Gaussian modulated CV-QKD system, over an 18 hour period measured on a installed fiber with 5.5 dB attenuation.
High-performance O-band QD DFB laser for uncooled operation
Authors: Mikhrin V.S. , Zhabotinskii A.V. , Buyalo M.S. , Poltavtsev S.V. , Mikhrin S.S. , Gubenko A.E. , Kovsh A.R.
Published: May 2023

High-power O-band Quantum Dot Distributed-Feedback Laser for pluggable DR4/DR8 optical transceivers and Remote Laser Modules is presented. It exhibits PCE as high as 20% up to 105°C and CW power exceeding 300mW at 85°C.
Real-time 50-Gbit/s Spatially Multiplexed Quantum Random Number Generator Based on Vacuum Fluctuation
Authors: Tanizawa Ken , Kato Kentaro , Futami Fumio
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate four-channel parallel high-speed random number generation using a quantum entropy source based on vacuum fluctuations and a real-time FPGA random number extractor. A record-high aggregated generation rate of 50 Gb/s is achieved.
Optical Amplification-Free 310/256 Gbaud OOK, 197/145 Gbaud PAM4, and 160/116 Gbaud PAM6 EML/DML-based Data Center Links
Authors: Ozolins Oskars , Ostrovskis Armands , Salgals Toms , Krüger Benjamin , Pittalà Fabio , Joharifar Mahdieh , Schatz Richard , Che Di , Matsui Yasuhiro , Dippon Thomas , Koenigsmann Michael , Fan Yuchuan , Chacinski Marek , Westergren Urban , Zhang Lu , Mardoyan Haik , Spolitis Sandis , Popov Sergei , Yu Xianbin , Gruen Markus , Bobrovs Vjaceslavs , Louchet Hadrien , Pang Xiaodan
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate a record 310/256 Gbaud OOK, 197/145 Gbaud PAM4, and 160/116 Gbaud PAM6 EML/DML-based IM/DD links without any optical amplification with performance below the 6.25% overhead HD-FEC threshold after 100-m/6-km SMF, respectively.
103-ch. 132-Gbaud PS-QAM Signal Inline-amplified Transmission with 14.1-THz Bandwidth Lumped PPLN-based OPAs over 400-km G.652.D SMF
Authors: Kobayashi Takayuki , Shimizu Shimpei , Nakamura Masanori , Kazama Takushi , Abe Masashi , Umeki Takeshi , Kawai Akira , Hamaoka Fukutaro , Nagatani Munehiko , Yamazaki Hiroshi , Miyamoto Yutaka
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate 14.1-THz-bandwidth WDM transmission using a PPLN-based optical parametric inline amplifier. Capacities of 93.4-Tb/s over 160 km and 70.4-Tb/s over 400 km with 80-km G.652.D fiber spans are achieved using 132-Gbaud PCS-QAM signals.
Polarity and Twist Rate Detection for Accurate and Reliable Low Loss Multicore Fiber Fusion Splicing
Authors: Kremp Tristan , Liang Yue , McCurdy Alan H.
Published: May 2023

Using a novel azimuthal alignment algorithm and side-view images, we reliably determine the polarity and twist rate of multicore fiber and achieve average losses as low as 0.03 dB using a 3-electrode arc-discharging fusion splicer.
Adaptive Traffic Grooming Using Reinforcement Learning in Multilayer Elastic Optical Networks
Authors: Tanaka Takafumi
Published: May 2023

We introduce a traffic grooming technique for multilayer networks that uses reinforcement learning. We confirm its superior performance over heuristic methods as regards its ability to meet several key requirements such as blocking probability and energy consumption.
Improved QoT Estimations through Refined Signal Power Measurements in a Disaggregated and Partially-loaded Live Production Network
Authors: He Yan , Zhai Zhiqun , Wang Lingling , Yan Yaxi , Dou Liang , Xie Chongjin , Lu Chao , Lau Alan Pak Tao
Published: May 2023

We proposed to combine signal power measurements from optical amplifiers and channel monitors in a disaggregated and partially-loaded live production network to reduce the standard deviation of GSNR estimation error from 0.6347dB to 0.4387dB.
Promising DSP Techniques to Increase Long Haul Transmission Capacity
Authors: Lavery Domaniç , Varughese Siddharth , Condo Carlo , Osman Mohamed , Torbatian Mehdi , Thomson Sandy , Wu Yuejian , Maher Robert , Sun Han
Published: May 2023

The state-of-the-art in realtime DSP for long haul coherent optical communication systems is described. We discuss how emerging applications for coherent transceivers may in-fluence DSP design choices.
128GBd record QPSK transmission over 20 631 km and PCS16QAM transmission over 12 558 km using InP technology Platform
Authors: Esparza J , Pavani H , Quintana A , Garuz R , Dupont S , Ruggeri S
Published: May 2023

We experimentally demonstrate the generation, transmission, and detection of 128GBd QPSK and PCS16QAM signals in optical submarine systems. We have validated the transmission of 33 channels PCS16QAM along the C-band over 12 558 km with an average of 0.74 dB margin from 25% soft FEC threshold.
Transparent Radio–Fiber–Radio–Fiber System in 100-GHz Band for Indoor Uplink Signal Transmission in Beyond 5G
Authors: Dat Pham Tien , Yamaguchi Yuya , Kanno Atsushi , Yamamoto Naokatsu , Kawanishi Tetsuya , Akahane Kouichi
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate the first radio–fiber–radio–fiber system for transparent delivery of 100-GHz radio signals from indoor to a central station. We successfully transmitted 16-QAM single-carrier and OFDM signals with line rates of approximately 30 and 40 Gb/s over the system consisting of two cascaded wireless–RoF links in the 100-GHz band.
A programmable Ethernet transport Packetponder using common compact form factor pluggable tunable transceivers to support novel DWDM architectures
Authors: Raulin Julie , Davey Gawen , Verbishchuk Yuliya , Jeffries Alexander , Sreenan Cormac J. , Garcia Gunning Fatima C.
Published: May 2023

We introduce a packetponder comprising a programmable packet switch with P4 ASIC containing a mixture of “grey” and tunable DWDM pluggable transceivers that, combined with ROADMs, introduces novel possibilities for Ethernet transport architec-tures.
Real-time 6-Mode 19-Core Fiber Transmission
Authors: Beppu S. , Kikuta M. , Soma D. , Yaegashi Y. , Igarashi K. , Shigihara M. , Aizawa K. , Yoshikane N. , Tsuritani T.
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate the real-time few-mode multicore fiber transmission for the first time. The C- and L-band WDM DP-QPSK signals transmitted over an 11-km 6-mode 19-core fiber were demodulated in real-time by an FPGA-based MIMO DSP.
106 25 Gbaud 4-Level Pulse Amplitude Modulation Links Supporting (2x)100Gigabit Ethernet on Single Lambda
Authors: Ozolins Oskars , Ostrovskis Armands , Salgals Toms , Krüger Benjamin , Pittala Fabio , Joharifar Mahdieh , Schatz Richard , Che Di , Matsui Yasuhiro , Dippon Thomas , Fan Yuchuan , Udalcovs Aleksejs , Chacinski Marek , Westergren Urban , Zhang Lu , Mardoyan Haik , Yu Xianbin , Spolitis Sandis , Popov Sergei , Gruen Markus , Bobrovs Vjaceslavs , Louchet Hadrien , Pang Xiaodan
Published: May 2023

We experimentally demonstrate and compare EML- and DML-based optical interconnects with 106.25 Gbaud NRZ-OOK and PAM4 for computing applications. The results show that both transmitters can be used to enable optical-amplification-free transmissions with low-complexity DSP.
Prospects and Technologies for Mobile Terahertz 6G Communications
Authors: Tebart Jonas , Lu Peng , Haddad Thomas , Iwamatsu Shuya , Stöhr Andreas
Published: May 2023

Prospects and challenges for mobile 6G communications using terahertz frequencies are discussed. For the first time, THz wireless communications with 15 Gbps to multiple mobile users employing a photonic-assisted beam steering antennas is experimentally demonstrated.
8192QAM Signal Transmission Over 20-m Wireless Distance at W-Band Using Delta-Sigma Modulation
Authors: Liu Jiaxuan , Yu Jianjun , Long Jianyu , Wang Mingxu , Bian Chengzhen , Wang Kaihui , Li Weiping , Zhang Jiao , Zhu Min , Xie Tangyao , Yu Jianguo , Zhao Feng
Published: May 2023

We experimentally demonstrate a W-band photon-assisted millimeter-wave transmission system using delta-sigma modulation and envelope detection. The proposed IM/DD- MMW-RoF system can support 8192 QAM signaling over a 20-meter wireless link using DSM while meeting the SD-FEC threshold of 4.2×10-2.
80-GHz Bandwidth and High Responsivity of InP Coherent Receiver PIC with Butt-joint waveguide PDs
Authors: Okimoto Takuya , Yagi Hideki , Ashizawa Ken , Yamazaki Kouichiro , Ebihara Koji , Okamoto Satoru , Horino Kazuhiko , Kurokawa Munetaka , Sugimoto Yoshiyuki , Kumagai Seiji , Tanaka  , Takechi Masaru , Ekawa Mitsuru , Yoneda Yoshihiro
Published: May 2023

An InP-based coherent receiver PIC with waveguide PDs demonstrates 80-GHz bandwidth and high responsivity of 0.156 A/W at a wavelength of 1.55 µm. A coherent receiver module with PICs and TIAs performs sufficient characteristics for 128-GBaud transmission.
Distortion Analysis and Equivalent Multiplicative and Additive Noise Model for High-Speed DAC and ADC
Authors: Su Xiaofei , Ye Tone , Zhang Ke , Yang Chengwu , Nakashima Hisao , Hoshida Takeshi , Tao Zhenning
Published: May 2023

By analyzing the distortions of time-interleaving convertors, equivalent model with both multiplicative and additive noises is proposed and constructed by tone-based measurements. Experiments show that the proposed model estimates system performance with 0.2 dB accuracy.
Rate-Flexible Coherent PON Up To 300 Gb/s Demonstrations with Low Complexity TDM Burst Design
Authors: Zhang Haipeng , Jia Zhensheng , Campos Luis Alberto , Knittle Curtis
Published: May 2023

Two flexible-rate coherent PON architectures have been demonstrated, featuring a low complexity TDM burst DSP. A peak data rate of up to 300-Gb/s and transmission over 50-km link and 1×32 split ratio has been achieved.
Observation of Local Small Magnitude Earthquakes using State Of Polarization Monitoring in a 250km Passive Arctic Submarine Communication Cable
Authors: Skarvang Kristina Shizuka Yamase , Bjørnstad Steinar , Rørstadbotnen Robin André , Bozorgebrahimi Kurosh , Hjelme Dag Roar
Published: May 2023

We demonstrate local small-magnitude earthquake observation using State of Polarization sensing on an alien wavelength in a live single-span passive submarine cable communication system. Distributed Acoustic Sensing verifies seismic waves propagating along the cable.
Optical Fiber Artificial Neuromast for Versatile Underwater Safe Navigation
Authors: Li Liangye , Fan Xuhao , Sheng Shunfeng , Liu Yunfei , Xu Wangyang , Xiong Wei , Sun Qizhen
Published: May 2023

We present an optical fiber artificial neuromast inspired by fish lateral lines for versatile underwater safe navigation, exhibiting an ultra-high flow sensitivity of 62.02 nm s/mL (0-0.05mL/s) and a resolution of 0.32 µL/s.
Full Link SNR Equalization DAS System over 80km Based on Gradient Discrete Scattering Enhanced Fiber
Authors: Fan Cunzheng , Xiao Xiangpeng , Li Hao , Zhao Weiliang , Yan Zhijun , Sun Qizhen
Published: May 2023

We proposed a full-link SNR-equalization DAS based on gradient discrete scattering enhanced fiber with backscattering rates increase gradually according to optical loss. The experimental results show a 15pε/√Hz strain resolution over 80km.
600-Gbit/s/λ Mode-multiplexed Bit-loading DMT Signal Transmission for Short-reach Optical Interconnect
Authors: Yu Xinkuo , Li Jianping , Qin Yuwen , Xu Ou , Xiang Meng , Fu Songnian
Published: May 2023

Single wavelength 600-Gbit/s bit-loading MDM-DMT signal transmission over 20m OM2 fiber with BER below SD-FEC threshold (2.7×10-2) is demonstrated without MIMO-DSP for mode de-multiplexing. This report shows the potential for future large-capacity short-reach optical interconnects.
On the Impact of Spatial Mode Dispersion for Strongly-Coupled Multicore Fiber Submarine Transmission
Authors: Sun Lin , Chen Bin , Liu Gordon Ning , Cai Yi , Li Zhaohui , Lu Chao , Shen Gangxiang
Published: May 2023

Strongly-coupled multicore fibers exhibit the improved tolerance to fiber non-linearity. Their potentials in optical submarine communications are investigated with con-sidering the coupling length and spatial mode dispersion.
Error-Tolerant Integrated Optical Unitary Processor based on Multi-Plane Light Conversion
Authors: Tanomura Ryota , Tang Rui , Tanemura Takuo , Nakano Yoshiaki
Published: May 2023

We experimentally demonstrate error-tolerant optical unitary processors with multiport directional couplers. Thanks to the inherent redundancy of the multi-plane light conversion scheme, equivalent performance is obtained in the presence of large fabrication errors.