bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification phenotypic and genotypic characterization of biofilm formation in Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections and their antibiotics resistance
Authors: Davari Abad Elnaz , Khameneh Amin , Vahedi Leila
Published: December 2019

Objective

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common infectious diseases, and Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen isolated from patients with UTIs. The products of sfa, afa and foc genes are important for binding of the bacterium to urinary tract epithelium. Our aim was to investigate these genes in E. colis isolated from patients with UTIS. The frequencies of the genes were determined using PCR. Biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance rates were determined using microtiter plate and disk diffusion methods, respectively. The P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The frequencies of sfa, afa and foc were 75.3%, 17.5% and 22.5%, respectively showing a significantly higher prevalence of the sfa gene. The most effective antibiotics against the E. colis were nitrofurantoin and amikacin. The highest microbial resistance rates were also observed against amoxicillin and ampicillin. Furthermore, 12.7%, 6.3%, 74.7% and 6.3% of the isolates showed strong, moderate, weak capacities and no connections to form biofilms, respectively. The expression of the sfa gene was significantly associated with forming strong biofilms. Regarding the variabilities in the characteristics of E. coli strains associated with UTIs, it seems reasonable to adjust diagnostic and therapeutic methods according to the regional microbial characteristics.
The central nervous system tumor methylation classifier changes neuro-oncology practice for challenging brain tumor diagnoses and directly impacts patient care
Authors: Karimi Shirin , Zuccato Jeffrey A. , Mamatjan Yasin , Mansouri Sheila , Suppiah Suganth , Nassiri Farshad , Diamandis Phedias , Munoz David G. , Aldape Kenneth D. , Zadeh Gelareh
Published: December 2019

Background

Molecular signatures are being increasingly incorporated into cancer classification systems. DNA methylation-based central nervous system (CNS) tumor classification is being recognized as having the potential to aid in cases of difficult histopathological diagnoses. Here, we present our institutional clinical experience in integrating a DNA-methylation-based classifier into clinical practice and report its impact on CNS tumor patient diagnosis and treatment.

Methods

Prospective case review was undertaken at CNS tumor board discussions over a 3-year period and 55 tumors with a diagnosis that was not certain to two senior neuropathologists were recommended for methylation profiling based on diagnostic needs. Tumor classification, calibrated scores, and copy number variant (CNV) plots were obtained for all 55 cases. These results were integrated with histopathological findings to reach a final diagnosis. We retrospectively reviewed each patient's clinical course to determine final neuro-pathology diagnoses and the impact of methylation profiling on their clinical management, with a focus on changes that were made to treatment decisions.

Results

Following methylation profiling, 46 of the 55 (84%) challenging cases received a clinically relevant diagnostic alteration, with two-thirds having a change in the histopathological diagnosis and the other one-third obtaining clinically important molecular diagnostic or subtyping alterations. WHO grading changed by 27% with two-thirds receiving a higher grade. Patient care was directly changed in 15% of all cases with major changes in clinical decision-making being made for these patients to avoid unnecessary or insufficient treatment.

Conclusions

The integration of methylation-based CNS tumor classification into diagnostics has a substantial clinical benefit for patients with challenging CNS tumors while also avoiding unnecessary health care costs. The clinical impact shown here may prompt the expanded use of DNA methylation profiling for CNS tumor diagnostics within prominent neuro-oncology centers globally.
Effects of functional tasks exercise on cognitive functions of older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled pilot trial
Authors: Law Lawla L. F. , Mok Vincent C. T. , Yau Matthew M. K.
Published: December 2019

Background

Dementia has been presenting an imminent public health challenge worldwide. Studies have shown a combination of cognitive and physical trainings may have synergistic value for improving cognitive functions. Daily functional tasks are innately cognitive demanding and involve components found in common exercise. Individuals with mild cognitive impairment may demonstrate difficulties with complex activities of daily living. Functional tasks could possibly be used as a means of combined cognitive and exercise training for improving cognitive functions. This pilot aims to validate the effects of functional tasks exercise on cognitive functions and functional status in older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

Methods

A four-arm, rater-blinded randomized controlled trial. Participants (N = 59) were randomized to either a functional task exercise group, a cognitive training group, an exercise training group, or a waitlist control group for 8 weeks. All outcome measures were undertaken at baseline and post-intervention using Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination, Trail Making Test A and B, Chinese Version Verbal Learning Test, Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, and Zarit Burden Interview.

Results

Results of the Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA showed higher improvement in the functional task exercise group with significant between-group differences in memory (p = 0.009) compared to the exercise group and cognitive training group, functional status (p = 0.005) compared to the cognitive training group and waitlist control group, and caregiver burden (p = 0.037) compared to the exercise group and cognitive training group.

Conclusion

This pilot study showed that functional tasks exercise using simulated functional tasks as a means of combined cognitive and exercise program is feasible and beneficial in improving the memory and functional status of older adults with mild cognitive impairment as well as reducing the care-related burdens of their caregivers. The present findings warrant further well-designed longitudinal studies to examine the sustainability of effects and draw more definitive conclusions.

Trial registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry,ACTRN 12616001635459. Registered on 25 November 2016.
Proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis complicated by infectious endocarditis: a case report
Authors: Yanai Katsunori , Kaku Yoshio , Hirai Keiji , Kaneko Shohei , Minato Saori , Mutsuyoshi Yuko , Ishii Hiroki , Kitano Taisuke , Shindo Mitsutoshi , Miyazawa Haruhisa , Ito Kiyonori , Ueda Yuichiro , Hiruta Masahiro , Ookawara Susumu , Ueda Yoshihiko , Morishita Yoshiyuki
Published: December 2019

Background

Proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody has been reported to be positive in 5–10% of cases of renal injury complicated by infective endocarditis; however, histological findings have rarely been reported for these cases.

Case presentation

A 71-year-old Japanese man with a history of aortic valve replacement developed rapidly progressive renal dysfunction with gross hematuria and proteinuria. Blood analysis showed a high proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (163 IU/ml) titer. Streptococcus species was detected from two separate blood culture bottles. Transesophageal echocardiography detected mitral valve vegetation. Histological evaluation of renal biopsy specimens showed necrosis and cellular crescents in glomeruli without immune complex deposition. The patient met the modified Duke criteria for definitive infective endocarditis. On the basis of these findings, the patient was diagnosed with proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis complicated by Streptococcus infective endocarditis. His renal disease improved, and his proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody titer normalized with antibiotic monotherapy.

Conclusion

Few case reports have described histological findings of proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive renal injury complicated with infective endocarditis. We believe that an accumulation of histological findings and treatments is mandatory for establishment of optimal management for proteinase 3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive renal injury complicated with infective endocarditis.
Preferences for mental health treatment for post-partum depression among new mothers
Authors: Simhi Meital , Sarid Orly , Cwikel Julie
Published: December 2019

Background

The prevalence rate of postpartum depression (PPD) is 9 to 17% among mothers, with higher rates among low income and immigrant populations. Due to the negative effects of PPD symptoms on both the mother and baby, treating mothers with depression symptoms is of great importance. This study examined treatment preferences for PPD among Israeli mothers with and without PPD symptoms, specifically focusing on treatment centers, type of professional and mode of treatment, to help develop relevant policies to promote the health of mothers by reaching a deeper understanding of their preferences.

Methods

1000 mothers who attended Maternal Child Health Clinics (MCHCs) in Israel for their infant’s first medical exam participated in a cross-sectional survey.

Results

In this sample, 8.4% of the participants suffered from PPD. Mothers with PPD compared to those without symptoms had lower economic status, were more likely to be single, to be first-time mothers, have an unemployed partner and to have immigrated to Israel. Mothers with PPD preferred private mental health practice and community treatment centers by mental healthcare professionals. They also preferred group interventions and personal psychotherapy rather than technology-based interventions.

Conclusions

The study findings support the formulation of mother-sensitive health policies based on understanding mothers’ preferences, and thus, help prepare treatment alternatives that will suit different groups of mothers with PPD, for the benefit of mothers, newborns, and families. Disseminating the results of this study among professionals as part of professional training, can promote appropriate treatment facilities and modes of care for mothers with PPD.
Aurora B functions at the apical surface after specialized cytokinesis during morphogenesis in C. elegans
Authors: Bai Xiaofei , Melesse Michael , Sorensen Turpin Christopher G. , Sloan Dillon E. , Chen Chin-Yi , Wang Wen-Cheng , Lee Po-Yi , Simmons James R. , Nebenfuehr Benjamin , Mitchell Diana , Klebanow Lindsey R. , Mattson Nicholas , Betzig Eric , Chen Bi-Chang , Cheerambathur Dhanya , Bembenek Joshua N.
Published: December 2019

Although cytokinesis has been intensely studied, the way it is executed during development is not well understood, despite a long-standing appreciation that various aspects of cytokinesis vary across cell and tissue types. To address this, we investigated cytokinesis during the invariant Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic divisions and found several parameters that are altered at different stages in a reproducible manner. During early divisions, furrow ingression asymmetry and midbody inheritance is consistent, suggesting specific regulation of these events. During morphogenesis, we found several unexpected alterations to cytokinesis, including apical midbody migration in polarizing epithelial cells of the gut, pharynx and sensory neurons. Aurora B kinase, which is essential for several aspects of cytokinesis, remains apically localized in each of these tissues after internalization of midbody ring components. Aurora B inactivation disrupts cytokinesis and causes defects in apical structures, even if inactivated post-mitotically. Therefore, we demonstrate that cytokinesis is implemented in a specialized way during epithelial polarization and that Aurora B has a role in the formation of the apical surface.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Smart Sensors for Scalable Computing
Authors: Luhach Ashish Kumar , Jat Dharm Singh , Ghazali Kamarul Hawari bin
Published: December 2019

Various ICT applications, whether for city infrastructures, factories, or wearable devices, use large arrays of sensors collecting data for transmission over the Internet to a central, cloud-based computing resource. Analytics software running on the cloud computers reduces the huge volumes of generated data into actionable information for users, and commands to actuators back out in the field. So, smart sensors are one key factor in various ICT Application successes – but these are not conventional types, which simply convert physical variables into electrical signals. They have needed to evolve into something more sophisticated to perform a technical, scalable and economical viable role within the ICT environment.

This special issue is devoted to the latest research in smart sensors for scalable computing in various application area such agriculture and Industries 4.0.
IOT based Air Quality Monitoring System Using MQ135 and MQ7 with Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Sai Kinnera Bharath Kumar , Subbareddy Somula Rama , Luhach Ashish Kumar
Published: December 2019

This paper deals with measuring the Air Quality using MQ135 sensor along with Carbon Monoxide CO using MQ7 sensor. Measuring Air Quality is an important element for bringing awareness to take care of the future generations and for a healthier life. Based on this, Government of India has already taken certain measures to ban Single Stroke and Two Stroke Engine based motorcycles which are emitting high pollution. We are trying to implement a system using IoT platforms like Thingspeak or Cayenne in order to bring awareness to every individual about the harm we are doing to our environment. Already, New Delhi is remarked as the most pollution city in the world recording Air Quality above 300 PPM. We have used easiest platform like Thingspeak and set the dashboard to public such that everyone can come to know the Air Quality at the location where the system is installed. Machine Learning analysis brings us a lot of depth in understanding the information that we obtained from the data. Moreover, we are proviing a reducement of the cost of components versus the state of the art.
Unraveling the “Social” in Social Norms: The Conditioning Effect of User Connectivity
Authors: Liu Che-Wei , Gao Guodong (Gordon) , Agarwal Ritu
Published: December 2019

Operating on the basic principle of “telling people about what lots of other people do,” social norms interventions have demonstrated efficacy in inducing behavior change in diverse settings. However, very few studies examine how the effect of social norms is differentially manifest across individuals, especially in the contemporary socially connected digital world. We provide new empirical evidence from a randomized field experiment that included more than 7,000 individuals on an online physical activity community observed for a two-month period. We find that connectivity plays an important role in moderating the effectiveness of social norms: individuals with higher levels of social connectivity are more susceptible to a social norms message. Additional analysis reveals that individuals who engage in information sharing (high followers and low followees) are the most susceptible to the social norms message. This study has important implications for the effective and safe use of social norms in nudging people’s behavior. Our finding that social norms do not affect all users equally should help optimize interventions by focusing on users with high susceptibility based on easily observable measures.
Simultaneous temporally and spectrally resolved Raman coherences with single-shot fs/ns rotational CARS
Authors: Hosseinnia Ali , Ruchkina Maria , Ding Pengji , Bengtsson Per-Erik , Bood Joakim
Published: December 2019

A novel technique for studies of the dynamics of molecular coherences has been developed. The concept is based on prompt excitation using broadband femtosecond (fs) laser pulses, whereupon a narrowband nanosecond (ns) laser pulse probes the fast dynamics of the coherences. Detection of the spectrally dispersed coherent signal using a streak camera allows simultaneous spectrally and temporally resolved studies of all excited coherences in a single-shot acquisition. Here we demonstrate the high capacity and versatility of this hybrid fs/ns coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) technique through some illustrative examples, all single-shot measurements, namely time-resolved studies of rotational Raman coherences in nitrogen and air, dynamics of Stark effect on rotational lines, and beating phenomena originating from close-lying rotational lines.
Optimization of an H0 photonic crystal nanocavity using machine learning
Authors: Abe Ryotaro , Takeda Taichi , Shiratori Ryo , Shirakawa Shinichi , Saito Shota , Baba Toshihiko
Published: December 2019

Using machine learning, we optimized an ultrasmall photonic crystal nanocavity to attain a high

Q

. Training data were collected via finite-difference time-domain simulation for models with randomly shifted holes, and a fully connected neural network (NN) was trained, resulting in a coefficient of determination between predicted and calculated values of 0.977. By repeating NN training and optimization of the

Q

value on the trained NN, the

Q

was roughly improved by a factor of 10–20 for various situations. Assuming a 180-nm-thick semiconductor slab at a wavelength approximately 1550 nm, we obtained

Q
=

1

,

011

,

400

in air; 283,200 in a solution, which was suitable for biosensing; and 44,600 with a nanoslot for high sensitivity. Important hole positions were also identified using the linear Lasso regression algorithm.
The (serious) game of classification: (I think I’m happy, she thought, but am I real?)
Authors: Sommer Carol
Published: December 2019

The principle that classification may always be provisional and illusory continues to be of relevance and concern to art and curation that seeks to expose the fallacies of systematic order and taxonomy. Taking the museum as a starting point, this article explores the curation of information and objects by writers and artists who offer alternative spaces of representation and interpretation. Language is fundamental to these curatorial undertakings, for example: the keywords chosen as starting points by Daniel Spoerri and Marie-Louise Plessen for their 1981 Musée Sentimental de Prusse; Tate Liverpool’s choice of artwork for their 2014 interpretation of Raymond Williams’ 1988 book Keywords; and Rose English’s choice of words to explore during her 1983 performance Plato’s Chair, included in the Keywords exhibition. Developing into a consideration of social networking as a space of curated representation, the article examines my own use of the hashtag and its relation to classification and keywords in a recent Instagram project @cartography_for_girls. I set up the account to share the thoughts of philosopher and novelist Iris Murdoch’s fictional women characters on a platform synonymous with personal articulation and connection seeking. The hashtag offered a taxonomy with which to engage with Iris Murdoch’s advocacy of the acceptance of contingency and to her assertion that ‘the task of classifying […] can perhaps never be more than a (serious) game’.
‘Between Clean Sheets’: Twenga #8
Authors: Wade Gavin , Conneally Paul , Bolland Emma , Francis Tina , Goodall Patrick , Hickin Brenda , Kennedy James , Parkin Mathew , Raybould Alison , Sidowski Sid , Greslé Yvette , Wade Cathy
Published: December 2019

‘Between Clean Sheets’ is a 100-verse #Twenga written by twelve ‘poets’ over a 63-day period on Twitter. It is the eighth #Twenga led by Paul Conneally and Gavin Wade hosted by Eastside Projects (@eprjcts). #Twenga is a Renga (linked verse) – a 1000-year-old Japanese form of extended haiku written by multiple authors – written live on Twitter. It is an incredibly successful shared artform displaying complex and sophisticated ways of collaborating and organizing space, time and thinking. The 100 verses are written to a hyakuin schema, adapted by Wade from the schema suggested by Conneally for their seventh #Twenga, originally used by the poet Sōgi in his ‘Solo Sequence of 1492’. The schema provides a theme for each verse such as Autumn, moon, love, equality and urgent actions. The themes provide an underpinning position and combine with a ‘link and shift’ reflection upon context, memory and imagination always written in the present.
Benzodiazepines use in elderly patients attended at a Public Pharmacy in Pernambuco Brazil
Authors: Freitas Eliane Da Silva , Diniz Joaquim Alves , Alves Natália Rodrigues , Leite Pedro Ivo Palacio , Rolim Neto Modesto Leite , Carvalho Poliana Moreira Medeiros de
Published: December 2019

: The elderly people are the group that most use psychotropic drugs, due to psychiatric comorbidity and somatic conditions. In Brazil some benzodiazepines are part of the National List of Essential Medicines (RENAME) being distributed free of charge, facilitating the population access, which can lead to irrational use. Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive research through a qualitative and quantitative study of benzodiazepine use in patients attended at the Cedro Basic Pharmacy in the city of Cedro-PE. The data collection was done with the application of a semi-structured questionnaire. The pattern of benzodiazepine use has been described through patient-reported symptomatology, therapeutic adherence, medical specialty, dose increase without medical consultation, and adverse effects reported during the drug use. Results: There was a predominance of females (58.33%). The most commonly used benzodiazepine was diazepam (66.67%). The purchase of benzodiazepine without a prescription was reported by 16.67% of the elderly interviewed and an increase in the drug dose without doctor consulting by 25% of the interviewees. Final considerations: The prescription of these drugs for the elderly, as well as the chronic use, should consider the physiological changes caused by aging and the adverse effects of these drugs in order to guarantee a safe treatment. Keywords : Aged; Psychotropic drugs; Drug utilization.
A proposal for a Global Ombudsman Service
Authors: Malbon Justin
Published: December 2019

In this article Professor Justin Malbon (Monash Law School, University of Monash, Australia) proposes the establishment of a Global Industries Ombudsman Service (GIOS) to improve access to justice for those adversely affected by a (global) corporation’s production or investment activities. The proposed GIOS would be roughly modelled on the industry funded consumer complaints ombudsman services that have successfully operated in many jurisdictions for decades. Under the GIOS the parties entitled to lodge a complaint would be those alleging harm being caused by a corporation’s production or investment activities, and not consumers.
Human dignity: an illusory limit for the evolutive interpretation of the ECHR?
Authors: Bureš Pavel
Published: December 2019

In this article Pavel Bureš (Senior Lecturer in Public International Law in the Faculty of Law at Palacky University, Czech Republic) aims to portray some basic elements of the relationship between the concepy of human dignity and the evolutive interpretation, setting out key elements, notions and considerations for further thoughts. The article presents some basic issues related to the subject matter, then focuses on the evolutive interpretation, and finally outlines the role of human dignity in the case law related to the evolutive interpretation.

Index keywords: Human rights, human dignity, European Court of Human Rights
Issue 111 (2017) Full issue PDF
Authors: Harris Julian
Published: December 2019

Issue 111 (2017) Full issue PDF
Artificial intelligence and adjudication: some perspectives
Authors: Masuhara David M.
Published: December 2019

In this article the Hon Mr Justice David M. Masuhara, Supreme Court of British Columbia, briefly explores views that would be supportive of AI in the adjudicative process and those that would not. The author starts with a brief description of judicial decision-making and AI and then identifies and discusses the views and then offers dome comments on what an AI adjudication system might look like.

Index keywords: Artificial Intelligence, AI, Judicial procedure, Courts, Information technology
The “Labour” chapter of the Comprehensive Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership as neoliberal regulation
Authors: Tham Joo-Cheong
Published: December 2019

With the possibility of Brexit and the UK leaving the European Union and considering joining the Comprehensive Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) Professor Joo-Cheong Tham, Melbourne Law School argues that the “Labour” chapter of the CPTPP constitutes a form of neoliberal regulation – faux regulation.

Index keywords: Brexit, United Kingdom, International trade regulation, European Union, Comprehensive Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership
Issue 112 (2017) Full issue PDF
Authors: Harris Julian
Published: December 2019

Issue 112 (2017) Full issue PDF
Commercial registers and transparency
Authors: Heidemann Maren
Published: December 2019

Commercial registers are a traditional source of information and a service for merchants. They have recently been subject to reform and modernisation and have been joined by additional registers and databases in the pursuit of transparency. In this article Dr Maren Heidemann (Associate Research Fellow at IALS) highlights recent reforms of commercial registers in Europe as well as challenges and opportunities arising from transparency registers and their relationship the traditional commercial register.

Index keywords: Commercial law, Europe.transparency, commercial registers
Combating the laundering of proceeds of crime in the United Kingdom: an analysis of the Criminal Finances Act 2017
Authors: Yakubu Sirajo
Published: December 2019

In this article Dr Sirajo Yakubu (Researcher and consultant in Economic Crime) analyses the amendments the Criminal Finances Act 2017 in the UK made to the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002. The author focuses analysis on: suspicious activity reports, sharing of information among bodies in the regulated sector, and the newly introduced law on unexplained wealth orders (UWOs).

Index keywords: Economic crime, financial crime, anti-money laundering, United Kingdom
Pesquisa, extensão e invisibilidades sociais: reflexões sobre ausências e emergências a partir da Geografia brasileira
Authors: Quaresma de Paula Cristiano
Published: December 2019

Em diálogo com Boaventura de Sousa Santos, avalia-se que, na ciência moderna, as presenças de sujeitos, e por conseguinte dos seus territórios, são mais restritas do que as ausências. Ao concluir a tese “Geografia(s) da pesca artesanal brasileira”, verificou-se que as invisibilidades sociais, no caso dos pescadores, frequentemente são produzidas ou reafirmadas nas ciências. Estas geografias das ausências, ganham operacionalidade pela adoção dos paradigmas que viabilizam a modernização do território. A produção de dissertações e teses tem promovido o enfrentamento das ausências na pesquisa, contudo o papel da extensão universitária ainda tem sido restrito. As ausências são produzidas por meio de paradigmas que defendem o conhecimento científico como saber único, o tempo como uma reta linear, hierarquias entre grupos e territórios, o global como escala dominante, e o produtivismo como critério inquestionável. No entanto, a promoção de geografias das emergências ocorre quando se evidencia contextos sociais de recuperação da autonomia nos territórios tradicionais, defendem-se os diversos saberes, as multitemporalidades, as diferenças, a escala local (do território) e formas tradicionais de produção. Diante disso, o artigo apresenta reflexões sobre o papel da ciência, destacando da extensão universitária, no enfrentamento às invisibilidades sociais, destacando os estudos sobre pesca artesanal na Geografia brasileira, mas que não se limita a estes, no movimento de superação das ausências e promoção de emergências.
Comparison between the Performance Analysis of Passive Compulsators with Slotted and Slotless Armature Windings Driving a Railgun
Authors: Kulkarni A. S. , Thomas M. Joy
Published: December 2019

Compulsators are AC generators which are specifically designed to maximize the current they can deliver for a given duration of time. A passive compulsator is being designed and developed as a source for a railgun which had been designed, fabricated and tested with a capacitor bank in the author’s laboratory. To minimize the internal impedance of compulsators, slotless armature windings are used instead of conventional slotted armature windings. For a constant mass of rotor, performance analysis of compulsator driving a railgun has been done for both slotted and slotless armature windings and the comparison is made between the projectile velocities, peak current, delivered energy density (DED) and stress on the conductor (in the case of slotless armature) between the two designs using flux-linkage or coupled circuit modeling of the system in this paper. From the analysis done using circuit modeling, two designs from both, slotted and slotless compulsators have been selected, such that both result in the same projectile velocity, and modeled and simulated in finite element method (FEM) based software to compute the tangential and radial stresses on the armature conductors as well the flux densities experienced by the conductors and the slots.
The Design of Forecasting System Used for Prediction of Electro-Motion Spare Parts Demands as an Improving Tool for an Enterprise Management
Authors: Kačmáry Peter , Malindžák Dušan , Spišák Ján
Published: December 2019

This article describes the design of a simple forecasting system and its practical application to predict the sporadic needs for a spare part. The article shows new approach already implemented in the special servicing and production company in Slovakia and its results during a short period of performance after its implementation. Such a proposed model can be a part of the purchase planning of spare parts within the company’s logistics system. In some companies, the material flow of spare parts is dominant element in terms of logistics costs. Their management is therefore important for cost optimization, customer satisfaction and market sustainability in a competitive environment. The article, in its introductory part, provides an overview of similar practical solutions within the research of this topic, but many models are designed to be applied in a global market environment and predict the amount of spare parts needed in different industries. However, these models are difficult to use for the needs of a small enterprise, because the main problem lies in the time of a spare part demand rather than its quantity. If there is a need for a specific spare part, which costs several hundred or thousands of euros, but the consumption is only a few pieces per year or more than a year, the time prediction of required spare parts is therefore crucial.
The crystal structure of 2-nitroisophthalic acid, C8H5NO6
Authors: Li Shu-Jing , Li Ke , Li Yi-Wen
Published: December 2019

C8H5NO6, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 5.4755(12) Å, b = 14.377(3) Å, c = 11.143(3) Å, β = 99.096(9)°, V = 866.2(3) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0455, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1341, T = 150(2) K.
Surface modification of nano-sized carbon black for reinforcement of rubber
Authors: Gao Maochuan , Zheng Feng , Xu Jinjia , Zhang Shangyong , Bhosale Sanjana S. , Gu Junjie , Hong Ruoyu
Published: December 2019

The standard sample IRB7# of nano-sized carbon black was reated by different methods, including washing by alcohol, toluene, water, the emulsion of toluene and water, and heating. Surface activity of the obtained nanoparticles was measured using inverse gas chromatography. The results showed that the dispersion free energy could be significantly increased after heating. The surface activity of three kinds of industrial carbon black was studied after heat treatment at different temperature. The results indicated that surface activity, iodine adsorption number and nitrogen surface area values of carbon black nanoparticles increased with the increase of temperature. However, the dibutyl phthalate adsorption value maintained nearly constant. The performance test of rubber showed that with the increasing heat treatment temperature of carbon black, 300% modulus of rubber increased before 450°C and decreased after 450°C.
Geraniol and cinnamaldehyde as natural antibacterial additives for poly(lactic acid) and their plasticizing effects
Authors: Akgün Mert , Başaran İhsan , Suner Salih C. , Oral Ayhan
Published: December 2019

The main goal of this study is to prepare antibacterial poly(lactic acid) (PLA) containing cinnamaldehyde and geraniol and to evaluate the antibacterial activity and assess the changes of physical properties of the PLA films. Cinnamaldehyde- and geraniol-incorporated (10%, 20%, 30%, and 50% v/w) PLA films were prepared via solution-casting. While preparing these films, plasticizers were not added to the matrix. Antibacterial activities of these films against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were investigated by the disk diffusion method. Thermal degradation characteristics were analyzed via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), glass transition, crystallization, and melting temperatures, and enthalpies of the films were determined from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) scans. Tensile strength and elongation-at-break values of neat PLA and antibacterial-compound-containing films were evaluated and compared after the mechanical tests. Moreover, the changes in the polymer morphology were observed by SEM analysis, and opacity of the films was determined by UV-vis spectroscopy. Our results showed that both compounds provided antibacterial effect to the PLA, with cinnamaldehyde being more effective than geraniol. Moreover, plasticization effects of the compounds were confirmed by DSC analysis.
Administrative Legacies and ‘Phantom Borders’ in Transnistria, 1996-2003. The Case of the Rybnitsa Sugar and Alcohol Factory
Authors: Lesanu Alexandru
Published: December 2019

With the Soviet dissolution, the eastern districts of the newly established Republic of Moldova refused to recognize the Moldovan authorities and proclaimed the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR). In the post-Soviet context, the PMR, or Transnistria as the international public know it, emerged as a de facto state without international recognition. This ‘phantom’ status in international relations entailed the reputation of being ‘a black hole’ in international trade. However, the de facto state managed to develop its own customs authorities, which created an extensive administrative legacy of what was a merely de facto border. The author uses the concept of ‘phantom border’ to contextualize this administrative legacy of the Transnistrian borders. He traces these legacies through the correspondence between the Transnistrian customs authorities and the administration of the Rybnitsa Sugar and Alcohol Factory—a major local enterprise with a long history as an actor in the regional border infrastructure.
Grundrente – ungelöste normative Widersprüche
Authors: Pimpertz Jochen , Stockhausen Maximilian
Published: December 2019

The proposed basic pension in the German statutory pension scheme would misdirect aid in four out of five cases to those not in need if a means test is waived. In order to recognise life`s work even in case of need, personal allowance can be deducted from the means test. However, this leads to different coverages of comparable requirements. A universal increase in the minimum guarantee avoids unequal treatment but leads to higher fiscal burdens. However, any basic pension model can hardly solve the problem of shameful poverty among the elderly.
Mit Weiterbildung und Kurzarbeit die digitale und ökologische Transformation bewältigen
Authors: Buntenbach Annelie , Jakob Johannes
Published: December 2019

In this text, the DGB develops proposals from a trade union point of view, on how to tackle the emerging structural transformation that will affect large parts of the manufacturing industry.

Given the importance of this sector, it is justifiable for the state to use public funds to accompany these structural changes, especially since part of the changes are also a result of state intervention. The primary focus should be set on continuing education and training. The arguments made against subsidized training can be largely refuted in this context. Continuing education and training can be supported by the counselling services of the Employment Agencies. Company training plans can assure that no group of employees is left behind and that the trainings that are carried out are future-oriented. Finally, the financial participation of employers is also a guarantee that no “training for stock” will take place.

The instrument of short-time-work must also come into use. However, the conditions in which it can be employed should be expanded and tailored to meet the current challenges. Short-time-work should also be possible in case of a “technological and ecological transformation, leading to massive and rapid changes in the conditions of production”. The IG Metall proposal of a “transformation short-time-work allowance” provides a good basis for this discussion.

Another potential source for skilled workers are the currently unemployed persons. Studies show that more unemployed persons would undergo a vocational training if the financial framework conditions were better. The DGB has proposed that an additional allowance should be granted to this group during measures of further education. Such an allowance would particularly support the recipients of minimum income provisions, of whom a large number doesn’t have any completed vocational training.
Kurzarbeit in Krisen stärken und für Weiterbildung gezielt nutzen
Authors: Wuttke Jürgen , Robra Anna
Published: December 2019

Der Beitrag legt die erfolgreichen Instrumente für den erweiterten Einsatz von Kurzarbeit in der Finanz- und Wirtschaftskrise 2008/2009 zur Stabilisierung von Beschäftigung dar. Auf dieser Grundlage begründet er die Forderung der Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände (BDA) für eine Verordnungsermächtigung zugunsten der Bundesregierung, mit der für den Fall schwerer branchenweiter Krisen ein erneuter Einsatz dieses erweiterten Instrumentariums zur Unterstützung von Kurzarbeit ermöglicht werden soll. Außerdem werden sinnvolle Ansätze für die Förderung von Weiterbildung während Kurzarbeit sowie die dazu heute noch bestehenden Hemmnisse untersucht. Der Beitrag setzt sich darüber hinaus mit den Vorschlägen zur Perspektivqualifizierung, zu einem Transformations-Kurzarbeitergeld sowie einer verbesserten Förderung von Qualifizierung in Transfergesellschaften auseinander.
Fear in Hebrew
Authors: Arbel Tal
Published: December 2019

This article examines Hebrew translations of World War II–era psychology handbooks as means of transmission for scientific knowledge and as a mechanism for the cross-cultural spread of behavioral modernity. While drawing a broad, vivid picture of transnational military mobilities postwar, the article centers on the story of one such handbook: John Dollard’s Fear in Battle, a 1943 self-help guide on combat behavior. Produced in the context of efforts to manage the morale of American troops, Fear in Battle then traveled overseas along with volunteers, mercenaries, and special advisors from the former Allied powers, and played a role in decolonization and nation-building in the Middle East. The article reconstructs each phase of the text’s geopolitical and institutional itinerary: the experimental work on aversive conditioning that led to its writing and the larger neobehaviorist agenda it formed a part of; its function within the United States Army and subsequent transit to Palestine; and its translation into two new versions that circulated among Jewish militia members during the 1948 Palestine War. Analyzing in detail changes in language, style and format, the article thus aims to unpack the process by which behavioral science had been vernacularized and its mode of explanation went global.
SOCIO-CULTURAL MEASURES OF EDUCATION DEVELOPMENT IN THE TERRITORY OF GALICIA AND NADDNIPRYANSHCHYNA (XVIII - XIX CENTURIES)
Authors: Chymak Mykola
Published: December 2019

The article deals with the fundamental activity of progressive representatives of Ukrainian educators of a certain epoch on the way to achieving socio-cultural optimum.

The rethinking of the acute need for Ukraine to enter the European educational space has actualized the author's task - a deep retrospective reconsideration of the historical and pedagogical events of previous centuries, with a view to interpret more thoroughly the experience of the Enlighteners of the past generations and define their general significance for the further development of our state.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the socio-cultural dimensions of the development of education in the territory of Galicia and Naddnipryanshchyna in the context of the XVIII - XIX centuries. The author investigates the multidimensionality of the main directions and forms of work of education and science representatives during the studied historical period.

The research tools for the study were chronological and content, incremental, historical, pedagogical and comparative methods. The use of a whole range of methodological research tools allowed to determine that the activities of the progressive scientific and educational elite of the time, which continued to widely disseminate high-education ideas on the pro-Ukrainian territory, became the basis for more advanced development of vocational education.
ПРОФЕСІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК УЧИТЕЛЯ АНГЛІЙСЬКОЇ МОВИ: ДЕЯКІ ПРАКТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Nenko Yuliia
Published: December 2019

Метою дослідження є представлення результатів теоретичного аналізу ефективних шляхів професійного саморозвитку та самовдосконалення вчителів англійської мови відповідно до нових освітніх стандартів. Ключовими методами дослідження є теоретичні методи аналізу, синтезу та узагальнення педагогічної та психологічної літератури.

У статті порушено проблему професійного розвитку учителя англійської мови .Розкрито трактування поняття «безперервний професійний розвиток», його характеристики. Автор доходить висновку, що процес професійного становлення та розвитку вчителів має набути ознак безперервності, наступності на різних його етапах, створювати передумови для задоволення як освітніх потреб особистості вчителя, так і соціального замовлення на якісну підготовку компетентного фахівця та сприяти побудові індивідуальної траєкторії професійного та особистісного самовдосконалення педагога. Проаналізовано теоретичні основи наявних провідних сучасних підходів до організації професійного саморозвитку педагогічних працівників, у тому числі вчителів англійської мови. Це розробка інноваційних моделей і програм підвищення кваліфікації, що відповідають цілісним вимогам до системи підвищення кваліфікації всіх рівнів педагогічних працівників, використання ціннісного потенціалу сучасних освітніх технологій, що обґрунтовує вибір нових підходів і методів іншомовної освіти, проведення науково-практичних заходів (конференцій, семінарів, вебінарів), залучення вчителів і молодих дослідників до публікації результатів власної дослідницької роботи тощо.
Octanaje, plomo y contaminación
Authors: Camacho Soto Hernán
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Inversiones en Capital Natural y Humano en los países en desarrollo
Authors: Segura Bonilla Olman , Boyce James K.
Published: December 2019

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Los Bosques de la América Central y la Salud: Sugerencias para un programa de acción
Authors: Budowski Gerardo
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
El Foro Global: Poder del Pueblo en Río de Janeiro ECO'92
Authors: Vaughan Christopher
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
La incorporación de la extensión forestal en la formación del profesional forestal en la Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica
Authors: Miranda Ch. Rónald , Fernández A. Francisco , Vargas M. Emilio
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Apuntes acerca de la toxicología de los plaguicidas utilizados en cultivos tropicales
Authors: Vega Sileny
Published: December 2019

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Influencia de la composición química de la lluvia y su acidez en la agricultura habanera
Authors: Rodríguez C. Arturo E.
Published: December 2019

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Aplicaciones de los sistemas de información geográficos en el modelaje hidrológico
Authors: Morera B. Carlos Manuel
Published: December 2019

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Fenología de la Macuna sp y el efecto de su cobertura en un andisol
Authors: Montes de Oca Paulina , Cervantes Carlos
Published: December 2019

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Composición química y acidez de la lluvia: doce años de observaciones en Cuba
Authors: López Cabrera Carlos M.
Published: December 2019

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Reserva Forestal de Ticoporo, Venezuela: ejemplo de manejo bajo régime de concesiones
Authors: Luna Lugo A.
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Manejo de plantaciones forestales
Authors: González Gabaldón Manuel
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Interceptación horizontal en los bosques de altura de Costa Rica y su importancia hidrológica
Authors: Zadroga Frank
Published: December 2019

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Especies para plantar
Authors: Zeaser Donald
Published: December 2019

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¿Es la estrategia mundial para la conservación, una respuesta al desafío ecológico?
Authors: Rodríguez Silvia
Published: December 2019

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Justificación y posibilidades de acercamiento entre la medicina tradicional y la medicina oficial
Authors: Sepúlveda Jaime
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Algunas reflexiones sobre la noción de control integrado
Authors: Benzekri Pierre
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Sistemas agroforestales
Authors: Salas José Luis
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Reflexiones sobre el subdesarrollo: La desnutrición en América Latina
Authors: Chávez Rónald
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Usemos los desperdicios
Authors: Del Desarrollo Foro
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Plaguicidas de uso restringido en Estados Unidos se importan libremente en Costa Rica
Authors: Vega Sileny , Maroto Irma M.
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Ensayo del comportamiento de once especies forestales en la Cooperativa Coope-Sierra Cantillo en Palmar Norte, Zona Sur de Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Dora , Fonseca William
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Plaguicidas: Su impacto en el medio ambiente y la salud pública
Authors: Sánchez Juan Carlos
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Envenenamiento con plaguicidas. Manual de entrenamiento para personal de salud
Authors: Zúñiga Claudia
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Poás e Irazú: Parques sin pobres
Authors: Mora Castellanos Eduardo
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Respuesta de Tectona grandis L.F. (Teca) a la fertilización en Hojancha y Nandayure Guanacaste, Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Dora , Fonseca William , Mora Fernando
Published: December 2019

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¿Cómo puede uno seleccionar el aire que va a respirar?
Authors: Alfaro María Del Rosario
Published: December 2019

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Un tesoro de mar
Authors: Pacheco León Freddy
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
El atasco del discurso ambientalista
Authors: Mora Eduardo
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
La contaminación una pesadilla de todos
Authors: Alfaro María Del Rosario
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available
Crecimiento de teca (Tectona grandis L.f.) en Cóbano de Puntarenas
Authors: Chaves S. Eladio , Chinchilla M. Orlando
Published: December 2019

No disponible/Not available