bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Elder Abuse and Neglect Intervention in the Clinical Setting: Perceptions and Barriers Faced by Primary Care Physicians in Malaysia
Authors: Mohd Mydin Fadzilah Hanum , Othman Sajaratulnisah
Published: August 2017

This qualitative study attempts to explore the definition, perceptions, practice experience, and barriers of primary care physicians (PCPs) in identifying and intervening in cases of elder abuse and neglect at the primary care level. Semistructured in-depth interview was conducted among 10 PCPs. Participants were selected by purposive sampling. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. In general, PCPs showed consistency in defining elder abuse and neglect. PCPs considered that they were optimally positioned to intervene in cases of elder abuse and neglect, but indicated the potential of overlooking such problems. The hurdles faced by PCPs in the identification and intervention of elder abuse were determined to be occurring at three levels: clinical, organizational, and policy. At the clinical level, PCPs recognize that they are lacking both the confidence and knowledge of elder abuse and neglect intervention. PCPs’ conflicting personal and professional beliefs create barriers during the clinical practice. Time constraints, patients’ other clinical problems, and, in addition, the preservation of a good doctor–patient relationship overshadow the importance of addressing and intervening in elder abuse and neglect issues during the consultation. This is further exacerbated by the barriers perceived by the patients: their nondisclosure and reluctance to accept outside intervention. At the organizational level, the lack of efficient interagency networks or support for the health system poses barriers. At the policy level, the absence of legislation specifically addressing elder abuse also creates considerable difficulties. However, PCPs gave differing responses when asked about a law concerning the elderly and mandatory reporting. Addressing these multilevel barriers is critical for ensuring that opportunities arising at the primary care level for elder maltreatment intervention are correctly utilized.
“Miscommunication” and Undergraduate Women’s Conceptualizations of Sexual Assault: A Qualitative Analysis
Authors: Dardis Christina M. , Kraft Kathryn M. , Gidycz Christine A.
Published: August 2017

Approximately 60% of legally defined rape victims do not label their experiences as “rape,” most of whom label the experience as “a serious miscommunication.” However, little research has examined why women choose this label. Labeling rape as a miscommunication could be problematic if chosen due to stereotypical conceptions that one’s experience is not “real” rape. The present study used a mixed-methodological approach to understand why women might refer to rape as a “miscommunication,” and how their reasons for labeling might differ from those who label their experiences and those who are nonlabeled (i.e., unequivocally state that they were “not victimized”). Participants included 123 undergraduate women who experienced rape. Participants responded to how they labeled rape and answered questions regarding assault characteristics, disclosure, reporting, and self- and perpetrator blame. Chi-square analyses assessed labeling group differences. Responses to an open-ended question about factors contributing to their labeling decision were content analyzed. Whereas miscommunication-labeled and nonlabeled victims reported similar assault characteristics in the quantitative analyses, qualitative content analyses revealed varying reasons for labeling rape as miscommunication, not victimization, and rape. Over three quarters of miscommunication-labeled victims reported that one or more of the following factors influenced their labeling: victim and perpetrator substance use, sexual activity prior to the rape, and perceptions that one did not express nonconsent strongly enough and that the perpetrator “did not realize” their lack of desire. Whereas miscommunication-labeled and nonlabeled victims reported similar assault characteristics, the extent to which those assault characteristics affected their labeling differed. Those who labeled their experiences as miscommunication gave reasons for their label that centered on factors which reflect inconsistencies between their experiences and “stereotypical rape.” Misperceptions of rape can be addressed via prevention programming and clinical work.
Awareness and Rejection Accounts of Intimate Partner Violence by Young Women in Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa
Authors: Makongoza Matamela , Nduna Mzikazi
Published: August 2017

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is the most prevalent form of interpersonal violence experienced by women in South Africa. A study conducted with young women from South Africa, aged 13 to 23 years, estimated that 42% experienced physical violence from their intimate partners. The subtle and nuanced social dynamics of IPV are less understood owing to little qualitative research on this subject. This study qualitatively explored how young women perceive and experience IPV. Participants were recruited through snowballing from townships in Soweto, outside Johannesburg. In-depth, face-to-face, and semistructured interviews were conducted with seven young women aged 15 to 20 years. The discourse analysis was implemented to understand participants’ construction of IPV. Participants reported direct experiences of IPV and indirect through exposure to interparental and interpersonal violence. Findings indicate a progressive shift of perceptions from absolute tolerance of relationship violence to rejection. However, victim blaming and relegating relationship violence to the private realm still existed. Essentialisation of masculine qualities such as anger was used to construct and understand men’s use of violence. Young women highlighted infidelity, pregnancy, and sex demands from their partners as reasons for them being subjected to IPV.
Sexual Assault, Sexual Orientation, and Reporting Among College Students
Authors: Eisenberg Marla E. , Lust Katherine , Mathiason Michelle A. , Porta Carolyn M.
Published: August 2017

Research has demonstrated significantly higher rates of sexual assault victimization among lesbian, gay, bisexual and queer (LGBQ) students than heterosexual students, and the overwhelming majority of assaults are not reported to any official system. Given the potential for support services to provide valuable assistance and promote well-being after an assault, the present study explores whether LGBQ students report assaults at similar rates to heterosexual students. As part of the 2015 College Student Health Survey, 10,646 male and female college students at 2- and 4-year colleges in Minnesota provided data regarding sexual assault victimization; reporting to a health care provider, campus authority, police, or social contact; and sexual orientation (two items, including write-in). Chi-square tests were used to detect associations between sexual assault victimization and five sexual orientation groups; and between sexual orientation and assault reporting (for 523 assault incidents). Almost 6% of students reported that they had experienced sexual assault in the previous 12 months. Significant differences in assault experience were seen by sexual orientation groups, for both males and females. For example, rates of sexual assault were 2.5 to over 5 times higher among bisexual and queer/pansexual/other females than among heterosexual females. Reporting of sexual assault to health care providers, campus authorities or police was rare for both heterosexual and sexual minority students, and there were no significant differences in reporting across sexual orientation. LGBQ students and heterosexual students appear to be similarly comfortable accessing health care providers, police, and campus resources, suggesting that these services are not overtly biased or unwelcoming to sexual minorities. However, rates of sexual assault were considerably higher among sexual minority groups, suggesting a need for primary prevention that is appropriate and sensitive to the experiences of LGBQ students.
Partners in Patriarchy: Faith-Based Organizations and Neoliberalism in Turkey
Authors: Atalay Zeynep
Published: August 2017

Faith-based organizations (FBO) have become active vehicles of neoliberal governmentality in the last decade. FBOs have been assuming increasing responsibilities in service delivery and welfare provision. They have also become key actors in cultivating the ideational environment that facilitates the effective functioning of market rationality. The empirical findings of this research demonstrate that faith-based organizations in Turkey equip neoliberal governmentality by facilitating the market logic that externalizes the cost of social reproduction to households. Islamic NGOs, examined in this study, promote a normative and traditional model of social reproduction, which rests upon religious familism, gender complementarity, and pronatalism. Faith-based organizations co-constitute neoliberalism by providing theopolitical legitimacy to neoliberal social welfare systems and, in the process, reinforce the patriarchal gender contract in the public and private spheres.
Labour Containment Strategies and Working Class Struggles in the Neoliberal Era: The Case of TEKEL Workers in Turkey
Authors: Yalman Galip L. , Topal Aylin
Published: August 2017

This article aims to refresh class analysis in order to develop a better understanding of different modalities of reproduction of labour quite often without economic and social security in different historically specific contexts. It draws attention to the pertinence of exploring the ways in which the individuals comprising a particular movement experience specific moments of collective will formation within an authoritarian state form. In this regard, it focuses on the implications of the privatization of SEEs since the 2000s for workers who were made redundant and deprived of their social rights. On the basis of a field research with more than 100 former workers of TEKEL (a major privatized SEE) who staged a resistance to the AKP government’s offer of precarious employment status during the winter of 2009–10, the article provides a critical evaluation of this momentous experience pondering why such a moment of collective will formation failed to pave the ground for the development of a counter-hegemonic strategy. While aiming to assess the impact of this common experience on the ex-workers’ awareness of their class belonging who actually carried the brunt of the neoliberal assault on their economic and social well-being, the article argues that the particular employment policy did not simply introduce informalization into public sector but functioned as a labour containment strategy by the AKP government.
A three-dimensional fractal theory based on thermal contact conductance model of rough surfaces
Authors: Zhao Yongsheng , Fang Cui , Cai Ligang , Liu Zhifeng
Published: August 2017

The thermal contact conductance is an important problem in the field of heat transfer. In this research, a three-dimensional fractal theory based on the thermal contact conductance model is presented. The topography of the contact surfaces was fractal featured and determined by fractal parameters. The asperities in the microscale were considered as elastic, elastic-plastic, or plastic deformations. The real contact area of the asperities could be obtained based on the Hertz contact theory. It was assumed that the rough contact surface was composed of numerous discrete and parallel microcontact cylinders. Consequently, the thermal contact conductance of the surface roughness was composed of the thermal constriction conductance of microcontacts and the air medium thermal conductance of microgaps. The thermal contact conductance of rough surfaces could be calculated by the microasperities integration. An experimental set-up with annular interface was designed to verify the presented thermal contact conductance model. Three materials were used for the thermal contact conductance analysis with different fractal dimensions D and fractal roughness parameters G. The numerical results demonstrated that the thermal contact conductance could be affected by the elastic-plastic deformation of the asperities and the gap thermal conductance should not be ignored under the lower contact load. The presented model would provide a theoretical basis for thermal transfer engineering application.
Looking back
Authors: Houghton Bernadette
Published: August 2017

In 2013, Deakin University Library undertook a self-assessment of its research repository, Deakin Research Online, against ISO 16363. ISO 16363 is heavily structured on the Open Archival Information System (OAIS) model, so an understanding of OAIS is critical for a full understanding of the ISO 16363 criteria. With over 100 ISO 16363 criteria, a self-assessment can be a large and complex undertaking. Not only are many of the criteria very complex to understand, their arrangement is such that many of them cover common ground, which may lead to duplication of effort. An effective and efficient self-assessment will include a preliminary review of all the criteria, including an assessment of their applicability and risk to the repository being assessed. If resources are limited, repository managers should also focus their self-assessment on high-risk or vulnerable areas. Regular self-assessments of research repositories are highly recommended. Repository managers also need to ensure that once a self-assessment is completed, that resources are allocated to addressing identified areas of improvement.
Women’s willingness to experiment with condoms and lubricants: A study of women residing in a high HIV seroprevalence area
Authors: Sanders Stephanie A , Crosby Richard A , Milhausen Robin R , Graham Cynthia A , Tirmizi Amir , Yarber William L , Beauchamps Laura , Mena Leandro
Published: August 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate women’s willingness to experiment with new condoms and lubricants, in order to inform condom promotion in a city with high rates of poverty and HIV. One hundred and seventy-three women (85.9% Black) sexually transmitted infection clinic attendees in Jackson, Mississippi, United States completed a questionnaire assessing willingness to experiment with condoms and lubricants and sexual pleasure and lubrication in relation to last condom use. Most women were willing to: (1) experiment with new types of condoms and lubricants to increase their sexual pleasure, (2) touch/handle these products in the absence of a partner, and (3) suggest experimenting with new condoms and lubricants to a sex partner. Previous positive sexual experiences with lubricant during condom use predicted willingness. The role women may play in male condom use should not be underestimated. Clinicians may benefit women by encouraging them to try new types of condoms and lubricants to find products consistent with sexual pleasure.
Young Children Are More Likely to Spontaneously Attribute Mental States to Members of Their Own Group
Authors: McLoughlin Niamh , Over Harriet
Published: August 2017

We investigated whether young children were more likely to spontaneously attribute mental states to members of their own social group than to members of an out-group. We asked 5- and 6-year-old children to describe the actions of interacting geometric shapes and manipulated whether the children believed these shapes represented their own group or another group. Children of both ages spontaneously used mental-state words more often in their description of in-group members compared with out-group members. Furthermore, 6-year-olds produced a greater diversity of mental-state terms when talking about their own social group. These effects held across two different social categories (based on gender and geographic location). This research has important implications for understanding a broad range of social phenomena, including dehumanization, intergroup bias, and theory of mind.
Mass killing under the guise of ECT: the darkest chapter in the history of biological psychiatry
Authors: Gazdag G , Ungvari GS , Czech H
Published: August 2017

Following its inception, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), rapidly spread all over the world, including Nazi Germany. Paradoxically, at the same time, the euthanasia programme was started in Germany: the extermination of people with intellectual disabilities and severe psychiatric disorders. In Lower Austria, Dr Emil Gelny, who had been granted a specialist qualification in psychiatry after three months of clinical training, took control of two psychiatric hospitals, in Gugging and Mauer-Öhling. In 1944, he began systematically killing patients with an ECT machine, something that was not practised anywhere else before or after, and remains unprecedented in the history of convulsive therapy. He modified an ECT machine, adding extra electrodes, which he fastened onto a victim’s wrists and ankles to administer lethal electric shocks.
Reformation: a Two-edged Sword in the Cause of the Ministry of Women
Authors: Houston Fleur
Published: August 2017

When Martin Luther mounted an attack on the industry of Indulgences, he affirmed key Reformation principles: human beings are saved by God’s grace alone and the priesthood of all the baptised gives all followers of Christ equal status. This was in conformity with an earlier generation of reformers who saw the Bible as ultimate authority and witnessed to biblical truth against corruption. The logical consequence of this should have been the enabling of women who were so disposed to exercise a theological vocation. In practice, the resulting rupture in religious and social life often affected women for the worse. Educational formation and leadership opportunities were restricted by the closure of convents. While the trade guilds, with their tightly regulated social systems, did not allow scope for women who transgressed normative expectations, their suppression was not necessarily liberating for women. The new social model of the home replaced that of convent and guild and marriage was exalted in place of celibacy. Changes in devotional practice involved loss and gain. Women who did not conform to the domestic norm were treated at best with misogyny and female prophets of the radical Reformation paid for their convictions with their lives. In education, leadership, piety and radical social challenge, women’s options were restricted. However, the key Reformation principles ultimately enabled the development of women’s ministry which was marked by the ordination of Constance Todd 400 years later.
Indigenous African Women’s Contribution to Christianity in NE Zambia – Case Study: Helen Nyirenda Kaunda
Authors: Kangwa Jonathan
Published: August 2017

This article explores the contribution of indigenous African women to the growth of Christianity in North Eastern Zambia. Using a socio-historical method, the article shows that the Presbyterian Free Church of Scotland in North Eastern Zambia evangelized mainly through literacy training and preaching. The active involvement of indigenous ministers and teacher-evangelists was indispensable in this process. The article argues that omission of the contribution of indigenous African women who were teacher-evangelists in the standard literature relating to the work of the Presbyterian Free Church of Scotland in North Eastern Zambia exposes a patriarchal bias in mission historiography. In an effort to redress this omission, the article explores and evaluates the contribution and experience of an indigenous African woman, Helen Nyirenda Kaunda. Based on relevant research the article concludes that indigenous African women were among the pioneers of mission work in North Eastern Zambia.
Baptists, Women, and Ministry
Authors: Gouldbourne Ruth
Published: August 2017

There has been a long tradition of women’s ministry in Baptist Churches in the UK. This article outlines this hidden story, from the pioneering days of women preachers, through the rise of the Deaconess Order, to women’s ordination and the present day. Reports from the Baptist Union show a lively debate, against the backdrop of changing times in the twentieth century. The article looks at women’s representation on national decision-making bodies and in national office. Women were seen as ‘complementary’ to men in nature and ministry, but often did not fit the expected roles. It ends with a call to reclaim the radical non-conformity of the Baptist tradition, with its focus on the call of God as the authority for all ministries.
Women, Ordination and the Church of England: An Ambiguous Welcome
Authors: Percy Emma
Published: August 2017

The ordination of women in the Church of England has had a long hard road. Other denominations, and other parts of the Anglican Communion took the step, but it was not until the 1990s that the first women priests were ordained in the Church of England itself. Even then, Emma Percy describes the situation as an ‘ambiguous welcome’. Careful provision has been made at every stage for those who not only will not accept women as priests, but require the service of bishops who have not participated in the ordination of women. The path to acceptance for women bishops has also been lengthy and subject to the same caveats and provisions. Percy argues that this reveals an underlying failure to think theologically about gender. She recognizes that there are still profound inequalities in the Church’s treatment of women in leadership.
Gender Equality: A View from Beyond the ‘Glass Ceiling’
Authors: Lewis Marjorie A.
Published: August 2017

Marjorie Lewis draws on her own experience of breaking through the glass ceiling to become the first woman President of the United Theological College of the West Indies. Through this, she considers the theological and biblical perspectives on gender equality, internalized and unrecognized inequality, naming and exorcising abuse in institutional relationships and strategies to survive and thrive. At the heart is a rejection of the notion that all suffering is to be embraced unchallenged as part of the Christian experience and that it is the particular calling of women. This can lead to overwork, burn out and a lack of self care.
The way we blend: Rethinking conceptual integration through intermedial and open-form scores
Authors: Stefanou Danae
Published: August 2017

The article overviews the basic assumptions and limitations of conceptual blending theory (CBT) as applied to music, and reconsiders the implications of the theory for musical creativity. CBT accounts of music have until now relied quite extensively on examples of music-as-product, and rarely considered the various levels of mediation between composition, performance and listening. It is therefore argued that an investigation of more process-based paradigms could hold significant ramifications for CBT. This argument is elaborated through a discussion of three intermedial, open-form scores by Earle Brown, Pauline Oliveros and Jennifer Walshe. The scores are considered as documents of situations where one or more performers partake, as active agents, in the composition, completion and elaboration of new cross-domain blends, as well as in the disintegration of already blended concepts. This conscious disintegration or unpacking of blends in performance is discussed as a significant aspect of the musical blending process as such, and one that deserves further consideration in creative conceptual blending research.
Understanding Jordanian Women’s Values and Beliefs Related to Breast Cancer: A Focused Ethnography
Authors: Salman Khlood , Zoucha Rick , Nawafleh Hani
Published: August 2017

Purpose: To understand Jordanian women’s beliefs and values related to breast health and how these beliefs influence their decisions to receive breast cancer screening. Design: A focused ethnography method was used; 31 key informants were recruited from Ma’an city located in the southern part of Jordan. Data were collected using semistructured interviews. Data Analysis: Leininger’s four phases of qualitative data analysis. Findings: Three major themes were identified: (a) Feeling of embarrassment, fear, denial, and lack of knowledge are common experience among women regarding breast cancer screening; (b) Hesitancy on the part of health care professionals to offer education about breast health and screening; and (c) Willingness to learn about breast health and cancer screening. Conclusions: Based on the findings, it is recommended that nurses be trained about breast assessment and additional resources mobilized for mammography and health promotion programs targeting rural Jordan.
The Relationship Between Cultural Sensitivity and Assertiveness in Nursing Students from Turkey
Authors: Kılıç Serap Parlar , Sevinç Sibel
Published: August 2017

Background: As foreigners live in and visit Turkey for various reasons, it is essential to provide culturally appropriate health care. Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between cultural sensitivity and assertiveness in university nursing students. Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at two universities in the cities of Kilis and Elazığ, Turkey. The study sample consisted of 444 nursing students. Data collection tools included a questionnaire about participant sociodemographic characteristics, Chen and Starosta’s Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, and the Rathus Assertiveness Scale. Results: The mean age of participants was 21.09 years. Most students (71.6%) were female and 34.7% of the students stayed at the hostel. Of the students, 44.4%, 27.5%, and 28.2% attended were the second-, third-, and fourth-year students, respectively. Participants were asked about problems related to caring for patients who speak different languages. The mean score for the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale was 89.42 ± 13.55 and the total score for all students for the Assertiveness Scale was 112.64 ± 15.61. We identified a positive relationship between total scores for the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale and the Assertiveness Scale ( p < .001). There was relationship between cultural sensitivity and gender and want to work overseas; assertiveness and year of nursing education and want to work overseas. Conclusions: Nursing students at both schools had a moderate level of cultural sensitivity and assertiveness. It has been determined that as assertiveness level of the students increased, intercultural sensitivity of them also increased. Implications for Practice: Consequently, it is concluded that training as assertive and self-confident individuals during the nursing education of students has a contribution to making patient-specific and culture-sensitive care.
“Caught in a Generation Gap”: A Generation Perspective on Refugees Getting Old in Denmark—A Qualitative Study
Authors: Nielsen Dorthe S. , Minet Lisbeth , Zeraig Lina , Rasmussen Dlama Nggida , Sodemann Morten
Published: August 2017

Purpose: Older non-Western migrants in Europe are a vulnerable population, due to old age and multiple disadvantages related to language barriers and different understandings of care, health, and disease. Our aim was to gain a better understanding and insight into the care needs of families with refugee background Method: The study was designed as a qualitative exploration using semistructured individual interviews and family group interviews. Results: The results illustrate how vulnerability can “transmit” from one family member to another. Discrepancies between the older person’s expectations and needs and society’s expectations trap family members in ethical and moral dilemmas. This divides and stresses the family and results in difficult decision making, increased stress, and vulnerability. Conclusion and Implication: Migration and displacement can lead to ambivalent feelings among younger relatives regarding their role in caring for older relatives. Health professionals need to address and acknowledge this to be able to provide culturally congruent health care.
Home-Based and Technology-Centered Childhood Obesity Prevention for Chinese Mothers With Preschool-Aged Children
Authors: Sun Angela , Cheng Joyce , Bui Quynh , Liang Yvonne , Ng Terence , Chen Jyu-Lin
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Nearly a quarter of preschool-aged Chinese American children are overweight or obese. Children of overweight mothers are at higher risk for obesity. Efforts to prevent obesity among low-income minority children with overweight mothers should start in early childhood. Methodology: This randomized pilot study consisted of 8 weekly sessions, examined feasibility of a tablet computer–based intervention among 32 mother–child dyads. The study estimated effect size of the intervention at baseline, 3 and 6 months on maternal outcomes including self-efficacy, eating behaviors, physical activity, child-feeding practices, and change in body mass index. Results: The tablet computer–based intervention is feasible among low-income Chinese mothers with low acculturation. A large-effect size was observed in reducing maternal body mass index, waist circumference, and improving maternal eating style and self-efficacy for promoting healthy eating. Discussion: Multimedia tablet-based education tailored for Chinese immigrant mothers was successful in short-term maternal behaviors changes related to diet and exercise.
The Experiences of Internationally Qualified Registered Nurses Working in the Australian Healthcare System: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Chun Tie Ylona , Birks Melanie , Mills Jane
Published: August 2017

Introduction: International nurses account for 20% of the Australian nurse workforce. This review aims to identify and appraise research findings on the experiences of internationally qualified registered nurses working in the Australian healthcare system. Methodology: The review was structured using Whittemore and Knafl modified framework for integrated reviews. A systematic database search was undertaken. Articles ( n = 48) were identified for appraisal based on set inclusion and exclusion criteria. Evaluation using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program tool resulted in ( n = 16) articles in the final data set. Results: Three broad themes were identified: (a) Transitioning—Need for appropriate, timely, and adequate supports to assist transition to practice; (b) Practicing within local contexts—How expectations were different to the reality of clinical practice; and (c) Experiencing prejudice—when racial prejudice occurred. Discussion: Appropriate programs including cultural-safety education can mitigate adverse workforce dynamics within culturally diverse health care teams to enable provision of culturally congruent health care.
Occupational Health and Safety in a Vocational Training Program: How Gender Impacts Teachers' Strategies and Power Relationships: Santé et sécurité des stagiaires dans un programme de formation professionnelle: Impact du genre sur les stratégies et rapports de pouvoir
Authors: Laberge Marie , Tondoux Aurélie , Camiré Tremblay Fanny , MacEachen Ellen
Published: August 2017

In Quebec (Canada), the Work-Oriented Training Path, a work-study program, prepares students who are having difficulty at school for the job market. Occupational health and safety is an important part of their training. This article aims to analyze the impact of gender on the interpersonal dynamics among teachers, trainees, and key actors from the businesses involved. This article also looks at the influence of gender on teachers' strategies and capacity to act regarding occupational health and safety. Using a work activity analysis lens, a multiple case-study analysis of teachers' work activity was carried out. The findings show that gendered social relationships create a specific supervisory context that influences occupational health and safety training. Solutions aimed at reducing the negative impact of gender-associated prejudice on work injury prevention include training for teachers, attention to work organization at the schools, and the creation of cohesive teachers' work teams.

Au Québec, le Parcours de formation axée sur l'emploi (WOTP), un programme en alternance, offre une préparation au marché du travail aux élèves en difficultés scolaires. La santé et la sécurité du travail (SST) est un enjeu important de la formation. L'article vise à analyser l'impact du genre dans la dynamique relationnelle entre les enseignant.es, leurs élèves et les interlocuteurs clés des entreprises impliquées, et son influence sur les stratégies et la capacité d'agir des enseignant.es en matière de SST. Une analyse de cas multiples basée sur l'analyse ergonomique de l'activité des enseignants a été menée. Les résultats montrent que les relations sociales de genre déterminent un contexte spécifique de supervision qui influence la formation à la SST. La formation des enseignant.es, l'organisation scolaire et la création de collectifs enseignants cohésifs sont des pistes de solution pour réduire l'effet négatif des préjugés liés au genre influençant la prévention des lésions professionnelles.
Early Intervention Paraprofessional Standards: Development and Field Validation
Authors: Banerjee Rashida , Chopra Ritu V. , DiPalma Geraldine
Published: August 2017

Personnel standards are the foundations for how states and nations approve a program, engage in systemic assessment, and provide effective professional development to its early childhood professionals. However, despite the extensive use of paraprofessionals in early intervention/early childhood special education programs, there is a lack of national- and state-level guidance for training paraprofessionals. This article presents the process followed for development and validation of statewide personnel standards for paraprofessionals who work in early intervention settings and the results of this validation study. The development and validation process for these new knowledge and skills competencies followed the process used by Division for Early Childhood and the Council for Exceptional Children for development and validation of personnel standards and K-12 special education paraeducator professional development standards. Challenges, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
Effects of PCSK9 Inhibitors on Other than Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Lipid Variables
Authors: Filippatos Theodosios D. , Kei Anastazia , Rizos Christos V. , Elisaf Moses S.
Published: August 2017

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a major cardiovascular risk factor, but other lipid variables such as triglycerides (TRGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and lipoprotein a [Lp(a)] also affect cardiovascular risk. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors significantly lower LDL-C concentration but also modestly improve the concentrations of TRGs and HDL-C and more robustly decrease Lp(a) levels. The review presents the associated mechanisms of the beneficial effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on the other than LDL-C lipid variables, including the effects on lipid/apolipoprotein secretion and clearance and the heteroexchange between lipoproteins, as well as the possible effects on other variables involved in lipid metabolism such as sortilin. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors improve the overall lipid profile, and these beneficial effects may play a role in the reduction of cardiovascular risk.
An Updated Assessment of Personal Protective Order Statutes in the United States: Have Statutes Become More Progressive in the Past Decade?
Authors: Richards Tara N. , Tudor Alison , Gover Angela R.
Published: August 2017

The Personal Protection Order (PPO) is one civil intervention all states provide to victims of domestic violence; however, each state varies widely in who can access PPOs, what protections are included in PPOs, and how they are enforced. Given the many changes to state PPO statutes over the last decade, this research replicates and updates DeJong and Burgess-Proctor’s research on PPOs’ victim-friendliness (using states’ 2003 PPO statutes) by examining states’ 2014 PPO statutes. Findings suggest that states have become more victim-friendly with most states ranking in the highest category of victim-friendliness. Implications for policy and practice are discussed.
Solvability and microlocal analysis of the fractional Eringen wave equation
Authors: Hörmann Günther , Oparnica Ljubica , Zorica Dušan
Published: August 2017

We discuss unique existence and microlocal regularity properties of Sobolev space solutions to the fractional Eringen wave equation, initially given in the form of a system of equations, in which the classical non-local Eringen constitutive equation is generalized by employing space fractional derivatives. Numerical examples illustrate the shape of solutions as a function of the order of the space fractional derivative.
A Qualitative Study of Professional Issues in Home Health Therapy
Authors: Shamus Eric , Fabrizi Sarah , Hogan Jeffrey
Published: August 2017

Professional issues are experienced by physical and occupational therapists working in home health care. A grounded theory method was utilized with snowball sampling to interview 11 home health physical therapists and six occupational therapists working with a variety of populations in the home health setting. Major themes were identified separately for physical and occupational therapy using open, axial, and selective coding. The themes were then recoded for shared themes among the two professions. The major research questions included the following: What professional issues are encountered by therapists working in home health care? What type of benefits and barriers do therapists describe when providing home health services? Finally, how do professional issues compare between the different professions? The five major themes identified by physical therapists included work environment, work characteristics, communication, patient and family, and work-life balance. The themes identified by occupational therapists included the natural environment, the context of health care, client factors, and therapist factors. Common themes described by both physical and occupational therapy providers included the real-life environment of the home, the structure of home care, and autonomy of service provision. Results provide information about professional issues faced by therapists working in the home health care setting. There are a number of issues that are common to both professions, and others that appear to be discipline specific. These findings will guide professional efforts as the demands for professionals working in home care increase.
Entrepreneurial reproductive labor as alternative economic practice: The ambivalent discourse of seasonal consignment sales
Authors: Bryson Alexis , Dempsey Sarah E.
Published: August 2017

Our article considers the possibilities and perils co-existing within entrepreneurial reproductive labor, a context easily dismissed as devoid of alternative economic possibilities due to its adherence to neoliberal ideals. Seasonal consignment sales involving the communal processing and reselling of used children’s goods provide a particularly compelling case of economic innovations drawing upon entrepreneurial reproductive labor. Rather than resting at an easy conclusion that seasonal consignment sales practices are determined by neoliberalism, thus precluding alternatives to capitalism, we highlight their ambivalences. Industry leaders’ authoritative discourses—centering on languages of entrepreneurialism and self-regulation—maintain a gendered division of labor, promote a neoliberal version of ‘mompreneurship’, and advocate moralized consumption, care, and labor practices. At the same time, we argue that seasonal consignment sales provide glimpses of alternative structures of value creation outside of the wage relationship. In highlighting the case of seasonal consignment sales, our study contributes critical consideration of the contested status of entrepreneurial reproductive labor within alternatives to capitalism.
Spaces of open-source politics: Physical and digital conditions for political organization
Authors: Husted Emil , Plesner Ursula
Published: August 2017

The recent proliferation of Web 2.0 applications and their role in contemporary political life have inspired the coining of the term ‘open-source politics’. This article analyzes how open-source politics is organized in the case of a radical political party in Denmark called The Alternative. Inspired by the literature on organizational space, the analysis explores how different organizational spaces configure the party’s process of policy development, thereby adding to our understanding of the relationship between organizational space and political organization. We analyze three different spaces constructed by The Alternative as techniques for practicing open-source politics and observe that physical and digital spaces create an oscillation between openness and closure. In turn, this oscillation produces a dialectical relationship between practices of imagination and affirmation. Curiously, it seems that physical spaces open up the political process, while digital spaces close it down by fixing meaning. Accordingly, we argue that open-source politics should not be equated with online politics but may be highly dependent on physical spaces. Furthermore, digital spaces may provide both closure and disconnection between a party’s universal body and its particular body. In conclusion, however, we propose that such a disconnection might be a precondition for success when institutionalizing radical politics, as it allows parties like The Alternative to maintain their universal appeal.
Alternative organizations in finance: Commoning in complementary currencies
Authors: Meyer Camille , Hudon Marek
Published: August 2017

The commons are alternative social and economic practices for fostering community development and regeneration. While finance is increasingly criticized as a trigger for individualism, community currencies are one of the financial initiatives that aim to reorganize finance in the collective interest. We analyze to what extent these alternative systems allow finance to constitute common goods or ‘commons’. To this end, we investigate the commoning practices through which resources are created, distributed, and consumed in a way that promotes new collectives. We analyze the extent to which community currencies can be considered as commons. Our findings suggest that community currencies have strong collective attributes such as community building, as well as the insertion of solidarity and cooperative values in money. Finally, we inquire into the limits and ambiguities of community currencies to represent an alternative to the capitalist economy.
The illusion of the digital commons: ‘False consciousness’ in online alternative economies
Authors: Ossewaarde Marinus , Reijers Wessel
Published: August 2017

Digital commons such as Wikipedia, open-source software, and hospitality exchanges are frequently seen as forms of resistance to capitalist modes of production and consumption, as elements of alternative economies. In this article, however, we argue that the digital commons cannot by themselves constitute genuine forms of resistance for they are vulnerable to what we call ‘the illusion of the digital commons’, which leads to a form of ‘false consciousness’ that Sloterdijk designates as deep-rooted cynicism. This cynicism, we argue, ties in with the contemporary discontent with practices in the ‘sharing economy’, in which we pay particular attention to the practice of hospitality exchange on platforms such as BeWelcome, Couchsurfing, and Airbnb. We utilize Georg Simmel’s theory of money to explicate how exchange relations are mediated by technologically enabled explicit and implicit price mechanisms. Accordingly, we argue that the technologically mediated practice of digital commoning can constitute the ‘illusion of the commons’, an apparent form of commoning through digital exchanges that is inherently vulnerable to foster non-emancipatory practices. We argue that this results in a form of cynicism: of commoners that are disillusioned by ‘the power of things’. Only a ‘politics of the digital commons’, a democratic governance that keeps a check on the vulnerability of digital exchanges, and a free relation to technologies can help in avoiding the illusion of the digital commons.
The nature of learning tasks and knowledge acquisition: The role of cognitive engagement in physical education
Authors: Wang Yubing , Chen Ang , Schweighardt Ray , Zhang Tan , Wells Stephanie , Ennis Catherine
Published: August 2017

Acquiring scientific knowledge about physical activity is necessary for students to become physically literate for life, and cognitive engagement and cognitive levels of tasks are two components that often determine the effectiveness of knowledge acquisition. This study sought to determine the extent to which students’ cognitive engagement in descriptive, relational and reasoning learning tasks contributed to their acquisition of knowledge and the extent to which cognitive engagement on lower-level tasks contributed to higher-level tasks (e.g. descriptive to relational to reasoning). The performance of students in descriptive, relational and reasoning tasks and knowledge acquisition was measured in 992 middle school students in active physical education lessons. The results revealed that students’ performance in relational (regression coefficient = 0.09, p < 0.01) and reasoning (regression coefficient = 0.06, p < 0.01) tasks directly contributed to their acquisition of knowledge (R2 = 0.14). The performance of students in descriptive tasks indirectly contributed to knowledge acquisition through influencing their performance in relational and reasoning tasks (indirect effect = 0.09, p < 0.01).
Inclusive and exclusive uses of we in four American textbooks for multicultural teacher education
Authors: Uzum Baburhan , Yazan Bedrettin , Selvi Ali Fuad
Published: August 2017

This study analyses four American multicultural teacher education textbooks for instances of inclusive and exclusive representations through the use of first person plural pronouns (i.e. we, us, our, ours). Positioning theory is used as a theoretical framework to examine the textbook authors’ uses of first person plural pronouns and to understand how these pronouns perform reflexive and interactive positioning and fluidly (re)negotiate and (re)delineate the borders between ‘self’ and ‘other.’ The findings suggest that first person plural pronouns are used extensively in the focal textbooks to refer to such groups as authors, Americans, humans, teachers, and teacher educators. Expressing differing levels of ambiguity in interpretation, these pronouns play significant roles in the discursive representations of inclusivity and exclusivity across topics of multicultural education. This study implicates that language teachers should use criticality and reflexivity when approaching exclusionary discourses and representations that neglect the particularities of individuals from different cultures.
Immigrant perceptions of the police
Authors: Wu Yuning , Sun Ivan Y , Cao Liqun
Published: August 2017

A notable limitation among existing studies on immigrant perceptions of the police is the lack of a guiding theoretical framework in data analyses. This article delineates the theoretical perspectives that may explain group differential views on the police between immigrants and non-immigrants, and among immigrant groups. In particular, we formulate a new conceptual framework for classifying these theories. Theories are first organized by the two sources of influence that immigrant attitudes toward the police are subject to: universal factors that tend to shape all residents’ attitudes toward the police, and group-specific factors that apply only to foreign-born individuals. Then within both universal and immigrant-specific factors, there are four subcategories of demographic, experiential, structural, and attitudinal variables. Recommendations for future research are included.