bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Like Mother, Like Daughter?
Authors: Armstrong Jill
Published: May 2018

Does having a mother who is successful in her career benefit girls? Does it lead them to have higher aspirations for their own careers, and, if so, do those ambitions translate into career success? This book looks at these questions and more, using case studies of women who are at the tops of their fields and their daughters. What the book finds is that while many of the daughters end up following the same career path as their mothers, that can't be traced to explicit mentoring, which turns out to be rare. It traces that reluctance to what the author terms “quiet ambition”: a tendency for women to downplay their aspirations and achievements. Mothers in high-status career roles are, in most cases, the primary influence over their daughters' career expectations. The book's research shows that at the start of a daughter's career the mother is highly influential. The book examines how daughters felt about having grown up with a mother mainly working full-time or close to full-time hours. It explores the idea that one should expect a backlash from the daughters against wanting to work as long hours as their mothers due to having seen their mothers try to ‘have it all’, or because of how they feel their mothers' working hours impacted upon them. It also focuses on the aims and aspirations of the daughters with regards to combining work with motherhood,and examines the influence that the generations of mothers and grandmothers have upon their daughters' views about combining work with motherhood. The book examines the crucial role played by partners and fathers in influencing both the positive and negative feelings mothers have about combining work with motherhood. Finally, it explores the intersections between the accounts of the relationship between mothers and daughters with social changes in the expansion of opportunities for women.
A backlash against the way their mothers worked?
Authors: Armstrong Jill
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores the idea that one should expect a backlash from the daughters against wanting to work as long hours as their mothers due to having seen their mothers try to ‘have it all’, or because of how they feel their mothers' working hours impacted upon them. The research did not find much evidence to support this notion of a backlash. The chapter then looks at other research which argues that mothers working long hours experience greater work–life conflict in the context of societal expectations that women should work part-time when they have primary school-age children. The implication of the existing research is that mothers may have transmitted feelings of stress to their daughters. On the other hand, other recent research has focused on the effect on children of maternal employment.
Quiet ambition
Authors: Armstrong Jill
Published: May 2018

This chapter shows that many young women are as ambitious for career success as men in the early stages of their career. However, young women quickly lose faith that success will be achievable. Several reasons are given for this, including the effect on careers of parenthood, issues with self-confidence and lack of fit with the dominant culture of the workplace. The research illustrates that these mothers often acted as career mentors by talking through their daughters' experiences at work, helping them to acquire useful skills, and therefore bolstering their daughters' confidence. The daughters characterised their mothers' careers as successful. However, the daughters also described this success as a by-product of hard work and work done well. This is indicative of the finding that the mothers in this study tended to underplay or not talk at all about their career successes.
Employment, poverty and social exclusion
Authors: Bailey Nick
Published: May 2018

One in three people in employment is not enjoying the inclusionary benefits usually associated with paid work: they are in poverty, in poor quality jobs or in insecure employment. People in this group can be described as being in ‘exclusionary employment’. The people most at risk of exclusionary employment are those who are younger, are lone parents, have a health problem or disability which limits daily activity, have few qualifications, are in semi-routine or routine occupations or are working part-time. Some industries have much higher concentrations of exclusionary employment than others, notably the Wholesale & Retail and Accommodation & Food sectors where more than half of all workers are in exclusionary employment. For those in semi-routine or routine occupations, the risks of exclusionary employment are high in all industries. People in exclusionary employment are much more likely to be excluded in relation to the other domains examined here: health and well-being, social relations and participation, and housing and neighbourhood environment.
Public policy: from welfare to empowerment of women in India
Authors: Mahendravada Indira
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the paradigm shift in public policy from welfare to the empowerment of women in Karnataka, India. Drawing on data collected through sample surveys from two districts in rural Karnataka, it considers the impact of policy interventions on the empowerment of women in Karnataka at the micro level by using the capability approach. The study tests whether the policy of involving non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in the empowerment of rural women positively affects the autonomy of women measured in terms of capabilities. The chapter first presents an overview of the capability approach, its application to women's empowerment and agency, and indicators to measure autonomy before discussing the findings from the study of Karnataka women. The study provides evidence that the policy of involving NGOs in delivering inputs for the empowerment of women has enhanced the capabilities of women in Karnataka.
The capability approach: what can it offer child protection policy and practice in England?
Authors: Featherstone Brid , Gupta Anna
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines what the capability approach can contribute to child protection policy and practice in England as an alternative conceptual framework for social work that challenges the dominance of neoliberal ideology in ways consistent with the promotion of human rights and social justice. After providing an overview of the historical and political contexts of child protection policy in England, the chapter considers the ways poverty and parenting are constructed in the dominant discourses as well as the policies and practices that have developed within this context. It also analyses the impact of interventions on parents and argues that contemporary child protection policy and practice in England is based on a narrow approach to child and family welfare and the role of social work. It concludes with recommendations for policy and practice that aims to promote greater social justice.
The capability approach and a child standpoint
Authors: Bessell Sharon
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines what the capability approach can do for realising the Australian ideal of the ‘fair go’—expounding the strongly held values around egalitarianism and ensuring that people have a reasonable opportunity to make what they want of their lives. It first acknowledges social policy as a normative enterprise, seeking not only to ‘develop and deliver services for people in order to meet their needs for welfare and wellbeing’, but to do so in ways that privilege particular ideas and values. It then considers how a ‘fair go’ resonates with a capability approach, with synergies between the expansion of capabilities and freedom to live the life one values and Australian ideas of egalitarian individualism. It also explains how a child standpoint can be useful in rethinking social policy to move beyond the narrow agenda of workforce participation to an agenda of social inclusion, social justice and opportunity.
Antipoverty transfers and zero extreme poverty targets
Authors: Barrientos Armando
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines how anti-poverty transfer programmes can drive global extreme poverty to zero. Current trends indicate that global poverty is a crucial issue not only in poor countries but also in low- and middle-income countries. Indeed, the majority of people in extreme poverty today live in middle-income countries and are likely to concentrate in sub-Saharan Africa. In order to reduce extreme poverty worldwide to zero, there is a need to pay special attention to policies facilitating the social and economic inclusion of groups in extreme poverty. The chapter first considers the interrelationships between antipoverty transfers, inclusion of disadvantaged groups, and human development before discussing the outcomes of existing antipoverty transfer programmes. It also highlights the main policy lessons and concludes with an analysis of the role of international aid in anti-poverty transfer programmes.
The Millennium Development Goals, disability rights and special needs education in Ethiopia: a case study of the Oromiya region
Authors: Grischow Jeff
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines disability rights and special needs education as well as the importance of inclusive education in Ethiopia's Oromiya region in the context of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). One of the most important organisations in Oromiya is Christian Horizons-Ethiopia (CH-Ethiopia), an affiliate of Christian Horizons-Global (CH-Global). Since 2004, CH-Global has been working with the Ethiopian government on special needs education (SNE) projects. In 2010 the organisation proposed to build 50,000 primary school spaces for disabled children in Ethiopia. Embedded within the CH-Global proposal is a strong commitment to human rights. The chapter considers CH-Ethiopia's experience to date, set within the context of MDG 2 (which calls for the achievement of universal primary education by 2015), and its partnership with the Ethiopian government, along with the confluence of historical forces since the 1970s that have made that partnership possible.
Women’s role in economic development: overcoming the constraints
Authors: Bradshaw Sarah , Castellino Joshua , Diop Bineta
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores the challenges faced by women and the possibilities for improving economic development frameworks for this gender-specific group. It explains why women play an important role in bringing about economic development and what limits their engagement in income-generating activities. After providing a brief context of the evolution of thinking around women and development, from ‘Women in Development’ to ‘Gender and Development’, the chapter considers how and why women have been integrated into processes of ‘development’. It then presents evidence on the importance of women to economic development and highlights constraints on realising the full potential of women in the process of economic development. It also identifies priority areas of intervention for promoting gender equality that in turn will also help bring economic growth.
Marginalised minorities in conflict: women and Millennium Development Goals
Authors: Hoesch Sarah , Saniei-Pour Alireza
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores the legal, political, economic and ideological problems not addressed in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that undermine women's empowerment and gender equality in conflict states. The MDGs sought to reduce inequalities by promoting gender equality, empowering women and expanding the role of women in society. Yet women's universal rights have yet to be fully realised. This is evident in conflict and post conflict states, where women's standings have deteriorated. The chapter first considers the sociological and legal conception of women as minority before discussing women's position in conflict. In particular, it examines sexual violence as a tool of terror and the current situation with regards to political representation and representation in peace negotiations. It also comments on legal discrimination that is aggravating conflict and post-conflict situations and concludes with an assessment of the post-2015 framework based on the limitations and problems of the MDGs.
Between progress, stasis and reversals: an analysis of the Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria
Authors: Akinola Olabanji
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines important lessons for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Nigeria. It first provides a synoptic overview of MDG implementation in Nigeria before discussing the socio-economic and political challenges associated with achieving the MDGs in the country as well as the some of the efforts made by Nigerian governments at different levels to achieve the MDGs in the face of such challenges. It then outlines three major imperatives to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Nigeria by 2030 and concludes with some recommendations for overcoming the current challenges in relation to future poverty reduction and development strategies in the country. The chapter argues that Nigeria made little progress with respect to the MDGs, which were characterised by considerable stasis and undeniable reversals in some parts of the country.
North Africa and Middle East: economic performance and social progress
Authors: Agarwal Manmohan , Essid Badye
Published: May 2018

This chapter examines the economic and social outcomes of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in North Africa and the Middle East, also known as the NAME region. It first provides an overview of economic performance in the NAME region before comparing the performance of the countries in the region among each other. It then considers the extent to which the NAME countries have progressed in meeting the MDGs with respect to poverty and malnourishment, mortality and education. It also analyses the relation between the performances in the economic area and in achieving MDGs. The chapter argues that the economic performance in the NAME region was not strong enough by itself to influence decisions by households that would have improved social progress. In addition, governments did not implement the necessary programmes that would have made a greater social impact.
Food security, inclusive growth, sustainability and the sustainable development agenda1
Authors: Hanson Craig , Searchinger Tim , Waite Richard , Otto Betsy , Lipinski Brian , Levin Kelly
Published: May 2018

This chapter considers the food security challenge to 2030 and its implications for the sustainable development agenda. It first outlines three proposed food security targets that integrate sustainability and must be achieved by 2030: reduce the rate of food loss and waste by 50 per cent; reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from food production by 25 per cent; reduce the water-intensity of agricultural production by 30 per cent. It then discusses the grand challenge as well as opportunity at the nexus of food security, economic development and the environment and proceeds by introducing six core propositions aimed at meeting the food security challenge and how this challenge affects the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Finally, it explains how proposed food security targets would help feed the growing global population in a manner that results in poverty alleviation and economic development while reducing pressure on natural resources.
Young People Leaving State Care in China
Authors: Shang Xiaoyuan , Fisher Karen
Published: May 2018

For children who grow up being cared for by the state, rather than their families, in China, the past twenty years has seen a shift: China has gone away from keeping those children in institutions and moved towards alternative approaches that attempt to honor children's rights to an inclusive childhood and adulthood. This book reviews the changes in policy and practice that underlie this shift, and, through interviews with young people involved with state care in the period, presents a clear view of how the change in approach has affected individual lives. As this is an issue that all countries struggle with, the lessons on offer here will be of value not just to those working in and studying China but to a broader range of practitioners in child welfare and development.
Leaving care policies
Authors: Shang Xiaoyuan , Fisher Karen R.
Published: May 2018

This chapter explores how Chinese policies on support for children and young people in state care, including children with disabilities, initially focused on the immediate questions of survival and material well being. As the reach of the Chinese welfare state expanded, expectations on the state changed to include achieving more than these basic needs. The expectations have grown to include supporting young people in state care and other orphaned children living in the community to achieve their full citizenship rights, including expectations to live independently, out of state care, in their adulthood. Equally, state practices that accentuate the multiple dimensions of social exclusion of children in state care are now subject to criticism.
Environment in the Lives of Children and Families
Authors: Phoenix Ann , Boddy Janet , Walker Catherine , Vennam Uma
Published: May 2018

This book presents innovative international research into how the term “environment” is understood within families and how that plays out in everyday lives. Based on a study that involved creative qualitative work with families in India and the United Kingdom, the book shows how environmental practices are negotiated in families, and how they relate to values, identities, and society. Through that analysis, we begin to see the ways in which families and childhood are constructed as sites for intervention in debates about climate change. The book explores the situated, dynamic, and relational complexities, and of the ways in which space, place, and time intersect with meanings of environment in the everyday lives of children and families. It looks at the sort of environmental issues that families in India and the UK negotiate, and how children are often responsibilised in environmental policy and media discourses in both India and the UK.
Madrid: History, social processes and the growth in inequality
Authors: Briggs Daniel , Gamero Rubén Monge
Published: May 2018

The evolution of Valdemingómez should not just simply be seen as some organic process whereby working class and immigrant people have somehow ended up congregating there in search of economic security and work in the city but as a consequence of macro processes of economic growth and technological advancement and how rural domestic economies submitted to urban industrialization in Spain. Equally, its configuration as a ghetto, compounded by drug markets should not be viewed as a consequence of poverty saturation but of spatial and structural processes which have rendered people in the urban metropolis increasingly socially redundant resulting in their destitution and political disaffection. Here in this chapter, we look at these processes charting the evolution of the Cañada Real Galiana in which is situated Valdemingómez, and how economic change in Spain, which led to the growth of the suburbs, collided with the economic crisis, increasing zonal inequalities in the capital and expanding drug markets.
Drugs, cultural change and drug markets
Authors: Briggs Daniel , Gamero Rubén Monge
Published: May 2018

The normalisation of drug use which came in the wake of the transition from the Franco dictatorship to democracy, was exacerbated by a collective ideological feeling of “freedom” and loose attitudes to drug consumption. However, as the drug markets expanded, principally across urban areas which had started to disintegrate as a consequence of deindustrialisation, addiction and HIV soared. The AIDS epidemic which thereafter followed in the 1980s was eventually curbed with the delayed introduction of drug awareness campaigns and harm reduction initiatives. Even these, however, couldn’t stop the increasing punitive approaches to dealing with high levels of urban crime. Police powers were expanded, the penal code was amended and the prisons started to fill with drug-dependent offenders. This chapter charts these shifts and provides the further foundation to the findings of the study which follow in Chapter 5.
Life in the city shadows: Work, identity and social status
Authors: Briggs Daniel , Gamero Rubén Monge
Published: May 2018

Valdemingómez, however, revolves around its own norms and codes which defy and violate conventional everyday conceptions of normative behaviour. This congregation of crime, violence and victimization in a spatial and legal no-mans land like Valdemingómez means that grave misdemeanours occur without consequences and violence is normalized part of the everyday fabric of social life. For this reason, in Valdemingómez almost anything goes and this produces a series of tensions in the social hierarchies that are attached to cultural interactions in the area which permeate elements of work and labour, the moral economy, daily life and social relations. In this chapter, we take a detailed look at the cultural milieu of Valdemingómez and its operations, and show how people survive there and how the various players attempt to foster some self-respect from these harsh realities.
Enter Ofsted
Authors: Holmwood John , O’Toole Therese
Published: May 2018

This chapter studies the Ofsted inspections and reports. It is hard to avoid the conclusion that the main criticism of Park View Academy was that it was overly ‘Islamic’ and that this, in turn, was associated with a ‘plot’ to ‘Islamise’ other schools. Yet the ‘takeover’ of other schools was itself the normal process associated with the academies programme. There was a fourth school associated with the PVET, namely Al-Furqan primary school. It had been deemed ‘inadequate’ at its last Ofsted inspection, and had had an interim Executive Board and interim head teacher appointed. However, the school features neither in the EFA's review of the PVET, nor in the Clarke Report. What makes it so significant is that it was an Islamic faith school.
Lessons from the Trojan Horse affair
Authors: Holmwood John , O’Toole Therese
Published: May 2018

This concluding chapter explores alternative lessons that can be drawn up from the Trojan Horse affair, presenting two tragedies that are bound up together in the affair. One tragedy is the disruption of the lives of teachers and governors in Birmingham, who made such a difference to the prospects of the pupils under their care, and were unjustly accused of placing them at risk. The educational opportunities of pupils at the school were very significantly damaged because of the way in which the DfE intervened. The second tragedy is that it has made it more difficult to realise the rights to educational opportunities more generally of young people from Muslim backgrounds — opportunities and rights that are theirs as British citizens and which are regarded as key to long term community cohesion. That is the failure of ‘British values’ that the Birmingham Trojan Horse case exposes.
Progress Monitoring in Inclusive Preschools: Using Children's School Success+ Curriculum Framework
Authors: Palmer Susan B. , Fleming Kandace K. , Horn Eva M. , Butera Gretchen D. , Lieber Joan A.
Published: May 2018

Progress monitoring in inclusive preschool classrooms should describe all children's progress towards general curriculum outcomes and individual children's unique outcomes or IEP goals. This research study used the Children's School Success+ Curriculum Framework (CSS+ Curriculum Framework) and progress monitoring process to assess the outcomes of 73 children on these dimensions. Children's progress monitoring data were analyzed within groupings based on instructional need level (i.e., low, medium, or high) in academic content and social domains. Progress monitoring findings for both the academic and social support level of need groups showed significant progress pre- to posttest on most academic outcomes, but some variation with less consistent gains within the social emotional domain. Goal attainment scaling data demonstrated children's gains toward achieving their social goals (individualized education program [IEP] or specific learning goals) were at the expected level between 50% and 71% of the time. Academic-focused goal attainment was at or above the expected level of between 54% and 76% of the time, based on the learning grouping. Teacher implementation of CSS+ Curriculum Framework appeared to impact change in classroom and instructional practices pre-post intervention.
Recruiting and Retaining Black Students for Special Education Teacher Preparation Inclusion Programs
Authors: Scott LaRon A.
Published: May 2018

Efforts to recruit and retain effective teachers of color have spread into the field of special education. However, scant research examining the experiences of teachers of color enrolled in special education teacher preparation inclusion programs exists. In the current study, a phenomenological investigation of 10 preservice Black students at predominately White higher education institutes in special education teacher programs designed to train teachers for inclusive classrooms was conducted to understand their experiences and identify effective recruitment and retention strategies. Based on the findings, students reported five themes: (a) feeling alienated in their programs, (b) feeling that they need effective mentoring from faculty of color, (c) better relationships with other peers of color, (d) deliberate mission of the institute and program, and (e) better need for financial support. The implications for recruiting and retaining Black teachers in special education and directions for future research were discussed.
Kurdish broadcasting via state TV in Turkey – Cultural diversity or government’s propaganda machine: The case of TRT 6
Authors: Arsan Esra
Published: May 2018

This article provides useful insights on the perception of TRT 6 (TRT Kurdî) by Turkey’s Kurdish community regarding TV broadcast in mother tongue. The research environment of the study is Kurdish citizens who live in both south-east and west regions of Turkey. TRT 6 is a sub-channel of state TV (Turkish Radio and Television Corporation) and mainly broadcasts in the Kurmanci dialect of the Kurdish language. The results of the study show the fact that those who define themselves primarily as Kurdish – as opposed to Muslim – reject TRT 6 (and especially criticize its news coverage), and Kurds who see themselves primarily as Sunni Muslims watch it with pleasure, implying that the channel serves as a tool in ‘Turkifying’ the Kurds of Turkey through a common religious identity.
Complex structural analysis of cornered shape water chambers of heavy-duty boiler
Authors: Bíró István , Solticzky József , Varnyú Ferenc
Published: May 2018

The Technical Institute of Faculty of Engineering of Szeged University received task to make a stress and construction analysis of a heavy-duty boilers fed by straw bales. Its documentation for manufacturing was purchased as a license from abroad. Main features of the construction and load of boilers are the followings:

- Its material: welding constructional steel;- Large sized constructions;- Cornered shape combustion and water chamber put into each other;- The combustion and water chamber are covered by plate steel;- Their stiffness are given by weld beams outside;- Test pressure: 1 bar.

Solid Edge finite element method was used by authors to solve the problem. Regarding to the complexity of the construction the walls of the water chamber were analyzed separately. Results obtained by using the program were checked by different model investigations.
Analysis of change of the colour parameters of paprika powder with different added oleoresin
Authors: H. Horváth Zsuzsanna
Published: May 2018

The instrumental colour measurement isn’t used in course of the making and the qualification of the paprika powder, although the colour is the most important sense property of its. Paprika is also used as a natural food colour. The colour of paprika powder is very important too, because the consumer concludes its colouring power based on its colour. The colouring power is determined by quality and quantity of colouring agent of paprika squarely. The colour of the powder is influenced by its particle size, oil content and moisture content and first of all the colour agent content.We investigated how the colour agent content increasing influences the colour characteristics of paprika powders. The L*, a*, b* colour coordinates defined in the CIELab colour space were applied for the colour characterization. The measurements were carried out using a Minolta CR-300 tristimulus colour analyser.We loosed the colour agent from the paprika powder samples using acetone. The colour agent content of obtained samples was less than 10 ASTA units. After different quantity of oleoresin ( 0.0186 g, 0.0461 g, 0.0626 g, 0.0953 g, 0.3500 g, 0.6399 g) was added to samples of 10 g of powder. The colour characteristics and colour agent content of these samples were determined. The relation between colour agent content and colour coordinates was analysed using regression analysis and the colour differences ΔE*ab were determined between samples with different colour agent content.The results depicted that L* lightness coordinate decreased with increasing colour agent content, the points fitted on a reciprocal function with a significant correlation ( p=0.01). In the case of a* redness coordinate the points fitted on a saturation function (0.01), the redness coordinate didn’t change above 129 ASTA units. The b* yellowness coordinate increased to 97 ASTA units, then decreased, the points fitted on a second degree function with a significant correlation (p=0.01). The function has maximum at 97.17 ASTA units; the maximum value was 25.22 coordinate units. The value of hue angle (hoab) progressively decreased while the colour agent content was added. The C*ab chroma increased to 121 ASTA units, then decreased, the points fitted on a second degree function with a significant correlation (p=0.01). It depicts, that the colour of powder became more red and darker as the colour agent content increased. The colour differences ΔE*abcalculated between samples with different colour agent content were smaller above 130 ASTA units. It shows that the rate of the change of the paprika powders colour was smaller while the colour agent content increased.
Local economic impact of universities
Authors: Kotosz Balázs
Published: May 2018

The local economic impact of a large tertiary education institution such as a university is an issue which has attracted considerable attention in literature. Beck et al (1995, 246) define economic impact as „the difference between existing economic activity in a region given the presence of the institution and the level that would have been present if the institution did not exist.” Generally, there are three substantial problems. First, the definition of impact, second, measuring and estimating first-round expenditures and avoiding double-counting, third, estimating the correct value of the multiplicator. The economic impact study has become a standard tool used by Western universities to persuade state legislatures of the importance of expenditures on higher education. If this tool is to be used effectively, it must be applied with a methodological rigor that promotes integrity of the process. As economic impact studies become a political tool in the review of education, conservative assumptions and methods should be used to promote objectivity in the research process.
Kernel hardness and dough reological investigation on different wheat varieties
Authors: P. Szabó Balázs
Published: May 2018

The aim of this research was the investigation of winter wheat varieties, the kernel hardness and the dough features. We determined the kernel hardness with two dynamic methods. We measured the parameters of flour. The correlations among hardness index and the examined flour parameters were also significant (r=0.816-0.876). We found strong correlation between the grinding energy (eg) and water absorption (r=0.878) of the flour. Hardness Index – wet gluten (r=0.833), and Hardness Index – water absorption (r=0.876), Hardness Index – P value of alveograph (r=0.816) showed also positive correlations. We found correlation the water absorption and P value of alveograph (r=0.873).
Border region structures
Authors: Székely Andrea
Published: May 2018

The aim of this analysis is to follow theoretically the way, how a border area becomes an integrated, well-functioning border zone. The definitions and classifications lead up to the concepts of cross-border space generally constructed in the 1990’s, in the works of Ratti, Renard or Sanguin. The spatial organization of cross-border regions is generally represented in schematic maps, including more or less objects (border line, rivers, roads, railroads, canals, cities and other settlements, etc.) and flows (capital, labor-power, tourists, migration, etc.). Maps for different border types and levels of cross-border cooperation use different elements and seem not comparable. We summarize these different maps and suggest some modifications and extensions, offering a more general tool for the theoretical analysis. The IT age partially changed the channels of communication; thereby the update of the models is current.
Comparison of different solvents for isolation of antioxidant compounds of horseradish
Authors: Cirimbei Mihaela
Published: May 2018

Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) is a perennial herb belonging to the Brassicaceae family and contains biologically active substances. Since horseradish has long been used as a spice for meat and fish products, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved it as seasoning, spice, and flavoring and affirmed it as Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS). Scientists are interested in horseradish because it is a rich source of peroxidase, a heme-containing enzyme that utilizes hydrogen peroxide to oxidize a wide variety of organic and inorganic compounds. Also horseradish is rich in other valuable substances – vitamins, minerals, phenolic compounds and also isothiocyanates. The aim of the current research was to determine best solvent for extraction of phenolic compounds from horseradish roots showing high antiradical activity. From horseradish roots were extracted with four different ratio of solvent: ethanol/ water (80/20, 70/30, 60/40, 50/50 v/v) using conventional methods and then concentrated to rotary evaporator. Preliminary tests showed that the best solvent ethanol/ water (80/20 v/v) solutions can be chosen.
Influence of abiotic disorders on nutritional values of tomato (solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Csambalik László , Divéky-Ertsey Anna , Ladányi Márta , Orbán Csaba
Published: May 2018

Susceptibility to abiotic disorders could play a key role in the utilization of landraces of tomato. These races have been abandoned due to non-compatibility to today’s intensive agriculture. As there is dissatisfaction on present varieties and hybrids in the context of flavor and nutritional value, landraces could be a viable alternative for the enhancement of these parameters either “per se” or as breeding background. However, frequent occurrence of abiotic disorders causes yield losses. The hypothesis of the present study is that removal of irregular fruit parts positively influences the nutritional profile of tomato in the context of investigated parameters.In the present study influence of abiotic disorders on total soluble solids (TSS), acid (TA) and lycopene content was investigated on six Hungarian tomato landraces and two commercial varieties. Abiotic disorders occurred were mainly cracking, green shoulder, sunburst and catfacing. Propagation materials were provided by Plant Biodiversity Center Tápiószele. The experiment is supported by Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, ÖMKi. Our results showed that abiotically disordered plant parts have an impact on TSS, TA and lycopene content, however, in case of investigated accessions and varieties the difference was seldom significant. Only in case of TSS a tendency can be experienced, where all samples showed lower results after the removal of abiotically disordered plant parts. In case of TA and lycopene content no tendencies could have been withdrawn.
Re-use of Osmotic Solution OF OSMOTIC SOLUTION
Authors: Knežević Violeta , Filipović Vladimir , Lončar Biljana , Nićetin Milica , Kuljanin Tatjana , Lević Ljubinko , Pezo Lato
Published: May 2018

In this paper the re-use of osmotic solution after osmotic treatment has been studied. A large amount of used osmotic solution remaining after the process is one of the major unsolved problems of osmotic treatment process. This problem has both ecological and economic aspects that should be concerned.Pork meat cubes were treated in three different osmotic solutions diluted with distilled water (R1 -sugar beet molasses, R2 – solution of salt and sucrose and R3 - combination of R1 and R2 solutions in a 1:1 mass ratio). Osmotic process has been observed during 5 hours, at temperature of 35oC and atmospheric pressure. Osmotic treatment has been performed simultaneously in concentrated solutions and diluted solutions (dilutions were obtained by mixing the solution and water in the mass ratio of 7:1 and 3:1). Parameters monitored during osmotic treatment were: dry mater content (DMC), water loss (WL), solid gain (SG) and osmotic dehydration efficiency index (DEI).Maximum values of these parameters were obtained in the dehydration with concentrated solutions, while recorded values in diluted solutions were much lower.The results show that the least effect on the osmotic process efficiency, when the osmotic concentration is lowered, has been observed for solution R3. This conclusion indicates that molasses is good osmotic solution with the possibility of re-using in successive processes of osmotic dehydration, with minimal treatment of reconstitution to original values of concentration.
Steps of fitting the winter shelter of Hungarian Grey Cattle into the environment in Ipolyvece
Authors: Ónodi Gábor , Váradi István
Published: May 2018

Besides creating a living place satisfying the unique demands of Hungarian grey cattle the planning of a winter shelter constructed in Ipolyvece (Ipolyvece Farm) has raised exceptionally diverse tasks as regards of fitting the shelter into the environment. This article introduces the different versions of related demands and answers as well as the finally approved solutions which have been created by using - due to necessity - the „research by planning” methodology. The facility has been constructed for the winter housing of those cattle and their offsprings that live in and around the municipal area of Ipolyvece, i.e. in the alluvial pastures of the Ipoly river during the growing season (from April until the end of October). The area involved in the planning process includes some plots and buildings of an animal husbandry facility built in the early 1960s. These real estates have been detached from the other parts of the farm and given to the current operator as a result of the privatisation process of the early 1990s. The installations are situated in the mild North-western slope of Börzsöny mountains. This slope is bounded by a railroad embankment running around the built-up area of the settlement. The embankment is perpendicular to the slope thus creating a valley where the runoff of water is not ensured. A particularly sensitive groundwater supply can be found below the area; this fact makes special protective measures necessary in order to restrain the utilisation and environmental impact of the surface area.
Increasing of Stiffness of Double-Acting Pneumatic Cylinder
Authors: Czmerk András J.
Published: May 2018

Position keeping properties of actuators depend highly on their stiffness. The low stiffness of pneumatic systems is well known, which is disadvantageous during positioning and when a position has to be kept. It is one of the reasons why hydraulic systems have advantages over pneumatic systems when it comes to positioning tasks. This paper deals with the analysis of the passive stiffness of a double-acting cylinder. The stiffness of pneumatic cylinders is derived as a function of chamber pressures determined by the bulk modulus of pneumatic systems. The stiffness of a passive system of the chambers is written by the pressure change through small displacement of the piston and as a result of the restoring force. In case of the passive system the effect of the valve actuation is neglected. From the deduction it is clear that the stiffness of a cylinder changes along the stroke, dead volumes at the end positions play a relatively important role. The results are compared with the restoring forces of the piston seals and other sealing elements in the stiction region. The restoring effects of the elastic elements were determined by measurements.
Structural characterisation of starch based edible films with essential oil addition
Authors: Šuput Danijela Z. , Lazić Vera L. , Pezo Lato L. , Lončar Biljana Lj. , Nićetin Milica R. , Hromiš Nevena M. , Popović Senka Z.
Published: May 2018

Present study investigated structure of starch based edible films with essential oil addition. Films were obtained from water solutions containing gelatinized modified starch, polyol, guar-xantan gum modified mixture and essential oil by casting it on a Petri dish and evaporating at room temperature for 72h. Both, glycerol and guar-xantan modified mixture, had role to improve film flexibility and enable better film folding and handling. Two sample groups were obtained: starch based edible films with black cumin oil addition and starch based edible films with black pepper oil addition. Both essential oils were added in three different concentrations. Starch based edible film without essential oil addition was used as blank shot. Structural properties were determined by analyzing spectra obtained by FT-IR Spectrometer in the spectral range of 4000–400 cm−1 with a 4.0 cm−1 resolution. Software Omnic 8.1. and TQ Analyst were used to operate the FTIR spectrometer, collect and present all the data. Results pointed to quantitative law dependency between added amount of essential oils and spectra absorption values for both sample groups and FTIR spectra were used to calculate coefficient of correlation.
Biomass from Wood Processing Industries as an Economically Viable and Environmentally Friendly Solution
Authors: Kiss Imre , Alexa Vasile , Sárosi József
Published: May 2018

Biomass is seen as an economically viable and environmentally friendly solution to energy generation. Biomass is a financially viable investment as well as being environmentally friendly. The development and implementation of biomass technologies could bring many environmental, energetically and economic benefits, solving important problems such as waste disposal and renewable energy supply. The different countries clearly have chosen very different approaches in developing and deploying various bio–energy options. Partly this is caused by the natural conditions (type of resources and crops, climate) and the structure of the energy system, and also by the specific political priorities linked to the agricultural and forestry sectors in those countries. Romania has a significant potential in organic waste, including waste generated in forestry sector, agro–food industry or municipal biodegradable wastes. Biomass is an emerging renewable fuel that can help to heat homes and buildings at lower impact to the environment and lower costs than fossil fuels. The fuel (usually in the form of biomass pellets) is made from sustainable materials, such as wood, which is easily replaced and in abundance, at a relatively cheap price. As people are becoming more and more conscious about their individual impact on the environment and looking into greener, more efficient alternatives, biomass is slowly becoming one of the nation’s favorite renewable heat technologies. Actually, sawdust as by–product from wood sawing process, doesn’t have much application because of its low burning efficient. However, by pressing the saw dust into pellets, it becomes a kind of high quality biofuel product – sawdust pellets or wood pellets.
Developmental Cycles of a Family Business in the Catering Industry
Authors: Horányi Beatrix , Tatár Emese
Published: May 2018

Small and medium-sized enterprises became relevant actors of the economy due not only to their role in the employment but also in producing GDP and export products. Within the sector, family enterprises constitute ¾ of the enterprises in Europe, their significance is therefore decisive. In our publication, we present the career path of SoReCa Ltd., family enterprise acting in the catering industry. Having operated for 10 years, the company’s portfolio covers child nutrition, company canteens as well as event catering. In our research, we used the corporate lifecycle model of Adizes which was supplemented by corporate medical records, as a useful practical tool. By these medical records, we may explore SoReCa lifecycle stages, their main features, and the signs of crisis, evolution or revolution. These analyses may help the management in the decision process and may form successful management tools in establishing new strategy if needed. We show that among management roles - integrator role - is the key role of organizations in Prime ages.
The Effect of Soy Flour on Cookie Quality
Authors: Petrović Jovana S. , Pajin Biljana S. , Šereš Zita I. , Lončarević I. , Fišteš Aleksandar Z. , Šubarić Drago , Zarić Danica B.
Published: May 2018

Cookies are a popular confectionery product with a unique texture and taste, long shelf life and a relatively cheap price; therefore, it is a widespread snack among people of all generations. Nevertheless, cookies are usually made of wheat flour and most formulations are highly caloric and have a low fiber content. Soy flour is an excellent source of proteins, fibers, vitamins and minerals and it is being considered as a great supplement to wheat flour because it increases nutritive characteristics of the final product. By their digestibility and amino acid content, soy proteins are very similar to proteins derived from animals. They also contain many essential amino acids, which are deficient in most of the cereals. The purpose of this work was to determine the effect of soy flour on quality of cookies. Wheat flour was supplemented with 35% of soy flour (full-fat toasted, low-fat toasted, defatted lightly toasted, toasted and soy protein concentrate). The supplementation of wheat flour with soy flour had affected nutritive value and sensory characteristics of cookies.
Transportations Habits of Szeged City Residents
Authors: Hampel György
Published: May 2018

A smart (or liveable) city is a settlement which is able to utilize the available technological possibilities and particularly the infocommunication devices in an innovative way in order to develop a sustainable environment. A sustainable urban environment is increasingly necessary since the portion of urban population is constantly growing. This might require the rethinking of the development of traffic in the city as well. In 2015 a survey was conducted in Szeged related to the ongoing smart city project. The main goal of the survey was to get information about the transportation habits, opinions and expectations of the city residents. This paper summarizes some of the interesting results of the research in the field of public transport, bicycling, car transport, parking and walking. The research methods used were descriptive statistics, measuring relationship between variables and hypothesis testing. The results can also be the base of a later similar survey, where the possible financial consequences of the expectations are also communicated to the participants.