bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Batı Akdeniz Bölgesi’ne Ait Yerel Yulaf Genotiplerinin Morfolojik Karakterizasyonu
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Murat , KOÇ Ali
Published: June 2019

Bu
çalışma ile Batı Akdeniz Bölgesinde yetiştiriciliği yapılan yerel yulaf
çeşitlerinin toplanarak tanımlamalarının yapılması ve gen bankasında koruma
altına alınması amaçlanmıştır. 2015 yılında Antalya, Isparta, Burdur ve Muğla
illerini kapsayan bir toplama programı düzenlenmiş ve 164 adet yerel yulaf genotipi
toplanmıştır. Toplanan genotipler yedi standart yulaf çeşidi ile birlikte
2015-2016 üretim sezonunda Augmented deneme deseninde Antalya koşullarında
tarla denemesine alınmıştır. Çalışmada, genotiplerin tanımlanmasında kullanılan
bazı morfolojik özellikler incelenmiştir. İncelenen özellikler bakımından
genotiplerin ortalamaları, standart sapmaları ve değişim katsayıları
hesaplanarak populasyonlar arası varyasyonlar belirlenmiştir. Çalışma
sonucunda, yerel genotipler arasında büyüme şekli, en üst boğumun tüylülük
durumu, salkım şekli, salkım tipi, kılçık durumu ve kavuz rengi bakımından
önemli varyasyonların olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Genotiplerin
tamamında kapçık uzunluğu iç kavuzdan kısa olmuştur. Yaprak kınının tüylülük
durumuna göre, yerel genotiplerden biri hariç tamamı tüysüz özellik
göstermiştir. Yaprak ayası kenarının
tüylülük durumuna göre 152 genotip tüysüz özellik gösterirken, 10 genotip az
tüylü, 2 genotip ise orta tüylü özelliğe sahip olmuştur. Dört genotipte iç
kavuz ucu küt olurken diğer genotiplerin iç kavuz uçlarının ise sivri özellikte
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yaprak ayası genişliği, bayrak yaprak ayası genişliği,
bitki boyu, ana sap kalınlığı ve tane boyu bakımından yerel genotipler
arasındaki farklar önemsiz bulunurken, yaprak ayası uzunluğu, bayrak yaprak
ayası uzunluğu, üst boğum arası uzunluğu, ana saptaki boğum sayısı, salkım
uzunluğu, dış kavuz uzunluğu ve tane eni bakımından ise önemli farklar tespit
edilmiştir.
Ankara Koşullarında Farklı Dozlarda Borlu Gübrelemenin İskenderiye Üçgülü (Trifolium alexandrinum L.)’nde Bitki Boyu, Ot Verimi ve Ham Protein Oranına Etkisi
Authors: BULUT Hüseyin , KENDİR Hayrettin
Published: June 2019

Bu araştırma[1] farklı dozlarda verilen borlu gübrenin İskenderiye üçgülünün bitki boyu, ot verimi ve ham protein oranında meydana getirdiği etkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında Ankara Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü deneme tarlalarında tarla denemesi olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma 3 tekerrürlü olarak tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre kurulmuştur. Ana parsellere 3 İskenderiye üçgülü çeşidi (Derya, Erix, Mario), alt parsellere 5 farklı bor dozu (0, 100, 200, 400, 800 g/da) olacak şekilde uygulamalar yapılmıştır. Araştırmada incelenen özellikler bitki boyu, yeşil ot verimi, kuru ot verimi ve ham protein oranıdır. Her iki yılın çeşitler ve bor dozları arasındaki sonuçlarına göre; bitki boyu 67.20 - 98.33 cm, yeşil ot verimi 1317.67 - 2016.33 kg/da, kuru ot verimi 137.00 - 635.00 kg/da ve ham protein oranı %13.27 - 16.98 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Araştırmada incelenen özellikler göz önüne alındığında; Mario çeşidinin bitki boyu, yeşil ve kuru ot verimi, Derya çeşidinin ise ham protein oranı bakımından diğer çeşitlerden üstün olduğunu belirlenmiştir. Alt parsellerde çeşitlere uygulanan bor dozları kontrol parselleri ile karşılaştırıldığında, 100 g/da olarak uygulanan bor dozunda en yüksek bitki boyu, yeşil ve kuru ot verimi ile ham protein oranı ortalamaları elde edilmiştir. Yüksek verimli ve kaliteli ot üretimi için gereken bor dozunun 100 g/da olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla beraber bor dozu artırılmış parsellerde önemli düzeyde verim düşüşleri gözlenmiştir. Bu durum, borun eksiklik belirtilerine neden olan miktarı ile toksik etki yapan miktarının birbirine çok yakın olduğunu göstermiştir. Bor uygulamalarında oldukça hassas davranılmalı, toprak analizi yapılmadan bitkiye bor verilmemelidir. Bor gübrelemesi yapılmadan önce bitkinin bor ihtiyacının bilinmesi önem taşımaktadır. Verimli ve kaliteli yem bitkisi üretimi için toprakta bitkiye yarayışlı halde bulunan bor miktarı göz önüne alınarak ihtiyaç duyduğu oranda bor miktarı verilmelidir.
Biyoenerji Bitkisi Olarak Dallı Darının (Panicum virgatum L.) Türkiye’de Potansiyel Yetiştirme Alanlarının Belirlenmesinde Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Yaklaşımı
Authors: PEŞKİRCİOĞLU Meral , ÖZAYDIN K. Aytaç , KODAŞ Recep , ÖZYAZICI Gülen , AYDOĞMUŞ Osman , BAĞCI Mustafa , YILDIZ Hakan , KARAMAN Nuri , AKÇELİK Esra
Published: June 2019

Bu çalışmada dallı
darının ekolojik istekleri doğrultusunda belirlenen parametrelerin coğrafi katmanlarının
oluşturulması, Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci yöntemi ile bu parametrelerin
önceliklerinin belirlenmesi ve Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri teknikleri ile
işlenerek dallı darının potansiyel uygunluk haritasının elde edilmesi
amaçlanmıştır. Girdi olarak Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğünden temin edilen ve
1970- 2017 yılları arası günlük ortalama, minimum ve maksimum sıcaklık iklim
verisi, Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı tarafından üretilen sayısal toprak haritaları ve
2012 yılında güncellenen CORINE (Coordination of Information on the
Environment) sınıflama sistemine göre sınıflandırılmış arazi
kullanımı (LCLU) haritaları altlık veriler olarak kullanılmıştır. İklim veri
tabanından “thin plate smoothing spline”
enterpolasyon yöntemiyle iklim yüzey
haritaları elde edilmiştir. Üretilen
haritalarda dallı darı isteklerine bağlı sorgulamalar yapılmış
anlamlı bulunan parametreler katman olarak seçilmiştir. Raster formatında üretilen günlük ortalama sıcaklık (°C), dallı
darıda biyokütle için biçim sayısı, toprak derinliği (cm) ve arazi kullanımı
katmanları yeniden sınıflandırılmıştır. Böylece katmanlar alt katmanlara
ayrılmış ve dallı darının ekolojik ihtiyaçlarına uygunluğu oranında yüksek puan
verilmiştir. Daha sonra AHS yöntemiyle ana katmanların ağırlık değerleri (W)
hesaplanmıştır. Katmanlar, hesaplanan ağırlık değerleri ile birlikte Coğrafi
Bilgi Sistemleri ortamında (CBS) uygunluk analizi için ağırlıklı çakıştırma analizine alınmıştır. Bu işlemin sonucunda 4
sınıflı “dallı darı potansiyel uygunluk
haritası” elde edilmiştir. Bu haritada FAO (1976) sistemine göre yapılan sınıflama
ile Türkiye’de dallı darıya çok
uygun alanların (S1) %12 oranında, orta derecede uygun alanların (S2) %32
oranında, az derecede uygun alanların (S3) %41 oranında ve uygun olmayan
alanların (N) %14 oranında yer aldığı belirlenmiştir.
Combustion monitoring in engines using accelerometer signals
Authors: Narayan S. , Milojevic Sasa , Gupta Vipul
Published: June 2019

Recent regulations for emission control from combustion engines have led to focus on various methods to monitor control and the combustion process. The presented work explores the potential relationship between various combustion events monitored using in-cylinder pressure transducer and the resulting block vibration measured using accelerometers. Various features of combustion development process were derived from the vibration data acquired. The methodology was analyzed using a single cylinder diesel engine. The heat release data was able to detect and extracted various indicators of the combustion process like start of combustion and half of injected fuel positions. Higher correlation was observed for the data computed using heat release curve obtained from the in-cylinder pressure measurements and those obtained using the accelerometer signals. The proposed methodology can be used to optimize the fuel injection timing in order to reduce emissions from engines to comply with various regulations. The practical importance of presented work demonstrates use of monitoring of block vibration signals as a mean of non-intrusive methods of diagnosis of engine for its effective condition monitoring.
Developing a regional recycled water program in Southern California
Authors: Trussell R. S. , Lai-Bluml G. , Chaudhuri M. , Johnson G.
Published: June 2019

The Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (Metropolitan) and the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County (Sanitation Districts) are exploring the potential of a Regional Recycled Water Program (RRWP) to beneficially reuse water currently discharged to the Pacific Ocean. The program would consist of a new advanced water treatment (AWT) facility at the Sanitation Districts' Joint Water Pollution Control Plant (JWPCP) in Carson, California, USA, capable of producing an ultimate flow of 581 MLD (150 MGD). The full-scale facility would treat effluent from the JWPCP using an AWT train comprising a membrane bioreactor (MBR), followed by reverse osmosis (RO) and ultraviolet light advanced oxidation (UV/AOP). After MBR-RO-UV/AOP treatment, the treated water would be distributed to groundwater basins in Los Angeles and Orange counties to recharge their aquifers. This program would diversify the region's water resources and significantly contribute to long-term water supply targets outlined in Metropolitan's Integrated Water Resources Plan. A feasibility study for the RRWP was completed in 2016, confirming its technical viability. Currently, Metropolitan and the Sanitation Districts recently completed conceptual planning studies to investigate implementation options for a full-scale program, and constructed a 1.9 MLD (0.5 MGD) AWT demonstration facility. Although large facilities employing membrane filtration (MF)-RO-UV/AOP are currently permitted and operating in California, there are no facilities using an MBR-RO-UV/AOP train. The AWT demonstration facility – the Regional Recycled Water Advanced Purification Center – will build on recent research in Australia and the USA to develop a regulatory strategy to incorporate MBR into a potable reuse advanced treatment train.
Use of shrimp shell for adsorption of metals present in surface runoff
Authors: Rech Aline Schuck , Rech Julio Cesar , Caprario Jakcemara , Tasca Fabiane Andressa , Recio María Ángeles Lobo , Finotti Alexandra Rodrigues
Published: June 2019

This research analyzes the use of natural shrimp shell and commercial chitin for biosorption of metal ions in surface runoff. Investigation of the use of these biosorbent materials in drainage systems becomes a management measure for two extremely important issues in Brazil, fish waste management and the surface runoff quality. Methodological procedures involved treatments with different amounts of unprocessed shrimp shell and commercial chitin (5g and 10g) for 200mL of a compensatory drainage mechanism (infiltration swale). The contact time of biosorbent and runoff was 24h and removal of metal ions Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Cr was studied. Tests with unprocessed shrimp shell showed high concentrations of metallic ions (Pb, Ni, and Cu) causing contamination of the environment. However, the two biosorbents presented good removal of specific metallic ions (Fe, Mn, Zn, and Cr). These results indicate the need for a biosorbent pre-treatment prior to full-scale use. We indicate the need for a more detailed investigation of water quality in the environment used for shrimp farming. Tests with commercial chitin presented satisfactory results for two concentrations tested. Tests with 10g of commercial chitin allowed removal of all tested metal ions (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr) with removal percentage between 6.7% and 84.4%. This efficiency may be related to the chitin's composition (shrimp, crustaceans, and crab) and to the chemical process applied to the product prior to commercialization.
Pesquisas em educação:
Authors: Dias Tatiane Lebre , Borck Ana , Oliveira Keyla Aparecida Fortes
Published: June 2019

SZYMANSKI, Heloisa (Org.) A entrevista na pesquisa em educação: a prática reflexiva. 5. ed. Campinas: Autores Associados, 2018.
O desempenho dos estudantes do curso de Matemática de uma instituição pública de educação superior
Authors: Rosa Chaiane de Medeiros , Santos Fabiano Fortunato Teixeira dos , Mendes Heloisio Caetano
Published: June 2019

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar o desempenho dos estudantes dos cursos de Matemática − licenciatura e bacharelado − da Universidade Federal de Goiás, Regional Goiânia, que ingressaram em 2014, ao longo do período regular para integralização do curso, que é de oito semestres. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa documental, com consulta aos históricos escolares dos estudantes. E, considerando os dados obtidos, foi feita uma análise de três principais indicadores, quais sejam: média global, desempenho nas disciplinas específicas de cada modalidade, e desempenho nas quatro disciplinas com pior rendimento acadêmico. No mais, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica, especialmente sobre sucesso, fracasso escolar e reprovação, o que serviu de subsídio para a análise dos dados. Como resultado, este estudo mostrou um superior desempenho dos estudantes do bacharelado, que, mesmo tendo decrescido sua média global durante o curso, apresentaram resultados superiores aos da licenciatura na maior parte do período analisado.
Reviewing Biochemical Implications of Normal and Mutated Huntingtin in Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Tellone Ester , Galtieri Antonio , Ficarra Silvana
Published: June 2019

Huntingtin (Htt) is a multi-function protein of the brain. Normal Htt shows a common
alpha-helical structure but conformational changes in the form with beta strands are the principal
cause of Huntington’s disease. Huntington’s disease is a genetic neurological disorder caused by a
repeated expansion of the CAG trinucleotide, causing instability in the N-terminal of the gene coding
for the Huntingtin protein. The mutation leads to the abnormal expansion of the production of
the polyglutamine tract (polyQ) resulting in the form of an unstable Huntingtin protein commonly
referred to as mutant Huntingtin. Mutant Huntingtin is the cause of the complex neurological metabolic
alteration of Huntington’s disease, resulting in both the loss of all the functions of normal
Huntingtin and the genesis of abnormal interactions due to the presence of this mutation. One of the
problems arising from the misfolded Huntingtin is the increase in oxidative stress, which is common
in many neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. In the last few years, the use of antioxidants had a strong incentive to find
valid therapies for defence against neurodegenerations. Although further studies are needed, the use
of antioxidant mixtures to counteract neuronal damages seems promising.
Structure and Function of Angiopoietin-like Protein 3 (ANGPTL3) in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Lu Xinjie
Published: June 2019

Background:

Angiopoietin-Like Proteins (ANGPTLs) are structurally related to the
angiopoietins. A total of eight ANGPTLs (from ANGPTL1 to ANGPTL8) have been identified so
far. Most ANGPTLs possess multibiological functions on lipid metabolism, atherosclerosis, and
cancer. Among them, ANGPTL3 has been shown to regulate the levels of Very Low-Density
Lipoprotein (VLDL) made by the liver and play a crucial role in human lipoprotein metabolism.

Method:

A systematic appraisal of ANGPTLs was conducted, focusing on the main features of
ANGPTL3 that has a significant role in atherosclerosis.

Results:

Angiopoietins including ANGPTL3 are vascular growth factors that are highly specific for
endothelial cells, perform a variety of other regulatory activities to influence inflammation, and have
been shown to possess both pro-atherosclerotic and atheroprotective effects.

Conclusion:

ANGPTL3 has been demonstrated as a promising target in the pharmacological management
of atherosclerosis. However, many questions remain about its biological functions.
Vanillin-Related N-Acylhydrazones: Synthesis, Antischistosomal Properties and Target Fishing Studies
Authors: Rando Daniela G.G. , da Costa Marcela O.L. , Pavani Thais F.A. , Oliveira Thiago , dos Santos Paloma F. , Amorim Carina R. , Pinto Pedro L.S. , de Brito Mariana G. , Silva Marcos P.N. , Roquini Daniel B. , de Moraes Josué
Published: June 2019

Background:

Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease, which affects millions of people in developing countries. Its treatment relies on a single therapeutic alternative, the praziquantel. This situation may lead to drug resistance which, in turn, made urgent the need for new antischistosomal agents. Nacylhydrazones are usually explored as good antimicrobial agents, but the vanillin-related N-acylhydrazones have never been tested by their antiparasitic potential.

Objective:

Herein, we report the synthesis of seven analogues, three of them unpublished, their biological investigation against Schistosoma mansoni and Target Fishing studies.

Methods:

The compounds were synthesized following classical synthetical approaches. The anthelmintic potential was assessed as well as their cytotoxicity profile. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and target fishing study were performed to better understand the observed antischistosomal activity.

Results:

Compound GPQF-407 exhibited good antischistosomal activity (47.91 µM) with suitable selectivity index (4.14). Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that it triggered severe tegumental destruction and tubercle disintegration. Target fishing studies pointed out some probable targets, such as the serine-threonine kinases, dihydroorotate dehydrogenases and carbonic anhydrase II.

Conclusion:

The GPQF-407 was revealed to be a promising antischistosomal agent which, besides presenting the N-acylhydrazone privileged scaffold, also could be easily synthesized on large scales from commercially available materials.
Chemistry and Effects of Brainstem Acting Drugs
Authors: Saganuwan Saganuwan Alhaji
Published: June 2019

Background:

Brain is the most sensitive organ, whereas brainstem is the most important part of Central Nervous System (CNS). It connects the brain and the spinal cord. However, a myriad of drugs and chemicals affects CNS with severe resultant effects on the brainstem.

Methods:

In view of this, a number of literature were assessed for information on the most sensitive part of brain, drugs and chemicals that act on the brainstem and clinical benefit and risk assessment of such drugs and chemicals.

Results:

Findings have shown that brainstem regulates heartbeat, respiration and because it connects the brain and spinal cord, all the drugs that act on the spinal cord may overall affect the systems controlled by the spinal cord and brain. The message is sent and received by temporal lobe, occipital lobe, frontal lobe, parietal lobe and cerebellum.

Conclusion:

Hence, the chemical functional groups of the brainstem and drugs acting on brainstem are complementary, and may produce either stimulation or depression of CNS.
Acute Glomerular Diseases in Children
Authors: Kher Kanwal K.
Published: June 2019

Glomerulonephritis [GN] is one of the common acquired pediatric renal disorders encountered in clinical practice. The clinical manifestations include gross or microscopic hematuria, proteinuria, and nephrotic syndrome. Renal dysfunction and hypertension may also be present in many patients. Etiopathogenesis of GN can be idiopathic in a large majority, while some may result from infections or known immune disorders. Several of these disorders are now believed to arise from dysfunctions of podocytes and are grouped under the heading of “podocytopathies”. This review focuses on the clinical manifestations and management of the common forms of acute GN encountered in children.
Chronic Kidney Disease in Children: Recent Update
Authors: Pirojsakul Kwanchai , Mathews Nisha , Seikaly Mouin G.
Published: June 2019

The incidence of end stage of renal disease (ESRD) in US children age 0-19 years is 12.9 per million/year (2012). The economic and social burden of diagnosing, treating and preventing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children and adults remains substantial. Advances in identifying factors that predict development of CKD and its progression, as well as advances in the management of co-morbid conditions including anemia, cardiovascular disease, growth, mineral and bone disorder, and neurocognitive function are discussed. Despite recent reports from retrospective registry data analysis and multi-center prospective studies which have significantly advanced our knowledge of CKD, and despite advances in the understanding of the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of CKD much work remains to be done to improve the long term outcome of this disease.
Fetal Lower Urinary Tract Obstruction: An Update
Authors: Miller Russell S.
Published: June 2019

Fetal lower urinary tract obstruction [LUTO] represents a rare, heterogeneous group of uropathies involving
mechanical or functional blockage at the bladder outlet of varying severity. While ultrasound is a fair screening tool for
the antenatal detection of this condition, it cannot reliably determine the underlying etiology of LUTO presentations.
Sonographic assessment of renal appearance and amniotic fluid volume, as well as urinary analyte analysis, are the most
useful predictors of preserved renal function in fetal LUTO, although they, too, are limited in their ability to predict
outcomes on an individual basis. Animal models suggest that obstructive uropathy likely causes irreparable damage to the
renal and urinary collecting system injury early in pregnancy. When LUTO is associated with abnormal amniotic fluid
volume, long-standing oligohydramnios may result in lethal pulmonary hypoplasia. Data evaluating the efficacy of
vesicoamniotic shunt therapy for the treatment of fetal LUTO are inconclusive. While vesicoamniotic shunting may
modify disease lethality by restoring fluid volume, renal and other genitourinary benefits are minimal if not altogether
absent, arguably supporting the belief that bladder decompression is being performed after irreversible injury has already
been sustained.
Genetic Diseases of the Kidney
Authors: Foreman John
Published: June 2019

The number of genes associated with renal disease is increasing every day and this has led to a clearer understanding of the pathophysiology of renal disease in many disorders. It is also appreciated now that a genetic mutation(s) underlie many renal syndromes. Genetic testing may also offer the possibility to diagnose some renal diseases without the need for a renal biopsy. It also allows the prenatal diagnosis of certain renal diseases in at risk fetuses or identification of potential renal disease before it has become manifest. Finally, identification of a specific gene mutation holds the possibility of correction though gene therapy in the future. It is increasingly clear that many renal disorders in pediatrics are a consequence of genetic mutations. In the future, genetic testing will become as easy and as common as ordering a serum creatinine today.
Numerical Simulation Research of the Influencing Factor of Vortex Tool
Drainage Gas Recovery Technology
Authors: Wang Chunsheng , Dong Bin , Sun Yingfan , Du Qiuying , Chu Huijuan , Yi Jimin
Published: June 2019

The problem of effusion in gas well bottom hole grows increasingly serious in the late exploitation of gas field.
The technology of vortex drainage has good prospects because the tool is conveniently manufactured and environmentally
friendly. Currently, the mechanism for the vortex drainage and the theory of fluid motion are still missing. Therefore, in order
to further realize the flow field of bottom hole, verify drainage mechanism and optimize working conditions, the study
established a three-dimensional structural model of vortex tools to simulate the progress of gas well drainage by using the
CFD software Fluent. By monitoring the liquid content of wellhead, liquid’s radial distribution, observing the flowing state
of gas-liquid and the path line, analyzes the influence of gas production rate, liquid producing capacity of wells and the
main structure parameters of vortex tools (the length of the pitch of the helical blade and screw) on gas well flow field. The
study revealed the working mechanism of vortex tools to facilitate the understanding of the nature of the vortex drainage
process, guided the field how to select the preferred process conditions and provides the basis for optimizing the structure
and provide theoretical basis for the application and the dynamic simulation of vortex drainage technology.
SECTORAL STRUCTURE OF BANK LOAN PORTFOLIOS: A SINGLE COUNTRY EXPLORATORY STUDY
Authors: Marinković Srđan , Minović Jelena
Published: June 2019

The paper explores time-varying nature of sectoral composition of bank domestic credit to private sector. Bank credit to private sector could be roughly divided into household loans and business (enterprise) loans. The composition appears to have significant influence on economic growth. Nevertheless, thus far it has been an overly neglected issue in financial theory. The paper focuses on determinants of household to total domestic private loans ratio in Serbian banking industry based on monthly time series from the last fourteen years. We found that both credit supply and credit demand determinants influence the sectoral composition.
Medicinal plants documentation of Dayak Banuaq tribe in Intu Village, Nyuatan District, West Kutai, East Kalimantan
Authors: Lestari Indah , Syafah Lailiiyatus
Published: June 2019

The Dayak Benuaq tribe is one of the tribes in Indonesia who live in East Kalimantan. They have various knowledge related to raw materials and medical treatment traditions for generations that have never been documented, especially in Intu Lingau Village, Nyuatan District, West Kutai, East Kalimantan. This study aims to documentation of medicinal plants and herbs of the local communities. The finding shows that there are 104 plants used, which is divided into 34 families. The most common plant parts used in the treatment were leaves, the most common processing method was boiling, and the most utilized method was by drinking.
Dramaturgi Ludruk Karya Budaya Mojokerto Jawa Timur Lakon Sarip Tambak Oso
Authors: Wardhani Jihan Kusuma
Published: June 2019

Dramaturgi Ludruk Karya Budaya Mojokerto-Jawa Timur pada Lakon Sarip Tambak Oso, adalah pengkajian teater rakyat yang orisinal oleh penulis. Ini merupakan penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengetahui LKBM secara lebih mendalam melalui keilmuan dramaturgi. Kelompok ini telah bertahan lama, yaitu sekitar 48 tahun. Cerita STO telah hidup lebih lama dari pada kelompok LKBM. Ludruk telah menjadi hiburan khas Jawa Timur, dan cerita STO adalah salah satu legenda yang terus hidup di masyarakat Jawa Timur, khususnya Sidoarjo. Cerita STO sangat dekat dengan masyarakat dan konflik dalam lakon merupakan hal yang sering terjadi di masyarakat sehingga cerita ini mengingatkan betapa pentingnya komunikasi yang baik antara pemerintah dan masyarakat. Kebaruan penelitian ini adalah sampai saat ini belum ada yang melakukan penelitian secara kajian dramaturgi terhadap LKBM khususnya pada lakon STO. Lakon yang menceritakan tentang perjuangan hak seorang manusia yang bernama Sarip yang tidak mau membayar pajak karena kemiskinannya. Hal itu menimbulkan perlawanan terhadap pemerintahan Belanda dan antek-anteknya, hingga akhirnya kelemahan Sarip dicari agar dapat membunuhnya yaitu dengan membungkam teriakan sang Ibu agar tidak bisa membangunkan Sarip dari kematiannya. Cerita ini dianggap nyata oleh sebagian masyarakat yang ada di Wilayah Jawa Timur, khususnya di daerah Sidoarjo tepatnya di wilayah Tambak Oso. Seiring perkembangannya cerita ini kemudian menjadi pembelajaran bagi masyarakat setempat untuk lebih bijak menyikapi segala keputusan yang telah ditentukan pemerintah. Baik itu antara pemerintah dan rakyat hendaknya sama-sama melakukan komunikasi yang tepat agar tercipta keharmonisan. Melihat banyaknya terjadi mis komunikasi antara pemerintah dan rakyat dalam mengambil kebijakan. Kajian dramaturgi LKBM pada lakon STO diharapkan mampu menjadi pembelajaran baik itu ludruk sebagai kelompok kesenian rakyat, maupun ceritanya yang bisa menjadi pengetahuan bagi masyarakat.
Clinical Findings and Management of Pellucid Marginal Degeneration Using Scleral Lenses Over INTACS and Corneal Collagen Cross-linking with Riboflavin
Authors: Cunningham Brad
Published: June 2019

This case study provides an analysis of an individual affected by pellucid marginal degeneration (PMD). This particular case demonstrates the effectiveness of new scleral lenses over a severe form of PMD that underwent corneal crosslinking (CXL) with riboflavin over intra-stromal corneal ring segments (INTACS). PMD is a rare, progressive, degenerative corneal disease typically characterized as peripheral, bilateral, and inferior ectasia producing a crescent shape. It has been found more commonly in males and appears between the second and fifth decade of life showing no signs of ethnic predilection. Although there is no evidence of the prevalence and etiology of PMD, it may be postulated that PMD is poorly differentiated because this disease is often confused or used interchangeably with keratoconus (KC). KC is a developmental anomaly in which a part of the cornea becomes thinner and bulges forward in a cone-shaped fashion as a result of non-inflammatory stromal thinning. KC is predominantly bilateral (90%) and according to recent studies demonstrates a prevalence of 2.3%. The Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Keratoconus (CLEK) study found the genetic predisposition of KC to be at 13.5%, whereas other studies found it to be between 6–10%. This means most of those found having KC have no known association with the disease. More importantly, the cause of KC is still unknown. Regardless, the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approval of KC treatment using CXL in April 2016 has shown excellent promise of improving the visual potential for patients with this progressive disease. This case demonstrates the usefulness of utilizing scleral gas permeable (GP) contacts over INTACS post CXL to provide optimal, stable vision, comfort and therapy. In addition, this paper shows an innovative way to utilize corneal topography to ensure proper fitting scleral lenses.
Collagen Crosslinking for Keratoconus Can Change Scleral Shape
Authors: DeNaeyer Gregory , Sanders Donald
Published: June 2019

Collagen crosslinking (CXL) for keratoconus is known to decrease, halt or even partially reverse progression of keratoconus. We report on a case where a substantial effect on scleral shape was also demonstrated. This keratoconus patient, who was successfully wearing a scleral lens, underwent collagen crosslinking OS. Three months post crosslinking, the patient was unable to wear his previous scleral lens due to lens discomfort. Elevation mapping pre and post crosslinking, with a new corneal-scleral topography system, showed a decrease in size and change in shape of the cone, as well as a substantial change in the scleral elevation pattern at a 16mm chord diameter. The change in the scleral elevation pattern was best observed on scleral shape plots which graph the sagittal height (SAG) value on the Y-axis vs. meridian on the X-axis. The pre-crosslinking plot resembled a standard toric curve although the depression inferiorly at 330° was deeper than that superiorly by 250µ. The post-crosslinking plot changed substantially with the steep axis superiorly being markedly attenuated: the SAG superiorly (102°) decreased post-crosslinking by >300µ. Attempts to virtually fit the eye surface post-crosslinking with a standard posterior toric haptic demonstrated a good fit superiorly and a poor fit inferiorly. The post-crosslinking scleral toricity plot was used to obtain quantitative information to manufacture a custom design conforming to this specific eye. The resulting lens was comfortable, well centered and resulted in a BCVA of 20/30.
Geoportals of Russian nature’s protected areas
Authors: Alekseenko N.A. , Koshkarev A.V. , Kuramagomedov B.M. , Medvedev A.A.
Published: June 2019

Comparative analysis of Russian network resources related to the strictly protected natural areas (ООPТ in Russian) is presented. Examples of geoportals, including inventory and multi-purpose, and of various territorial coverage are given
Traditional approaches and new ideas of Maria Glazovskaya in thematic mapping
Authors: Bogdanova M.D. , Gerasimova M.I. , Snytko V.A.
Published: June 2019

Professor Maria Glazovskaya (1912–2016) – an outstanding geographer, geochemist and soil scientist, made a prominent contribution to the formation and development of several aspects of thematic mapping both in conceptual and methodological issues. These aspects, namely, soil, landscape- and soil-geochemical, as well as ecological mapping, were derived from the knowledge on soils combined with the concepts of geochemical migrations facilities for certain chemical elements in soils and landscapes. Methodology of compilation of such maps presumes purposeful interpretation of diverse soil and landscape features, their expert evaluation and forecast of response reactions of soils and landscapes to certain technogenic loads. Maria Glazovskaya proposed innovative approaches to thematic mapping enabling her to compile original maps. She introduced the principle of “prognostic information capacity of natural factors”, which means that properties of landscape components contain information appropriate for evaluating the resilience of natural systems. The ideas and methods proposed by Maria Glazovskaya are now implemented in basic and applied thematic mapping.
Synthesis of sulfonamides bearing 1,3,5-triarylpyrazoline and 4-thiazolidinone moieties as novel antimicrobial agents
Authors: Thach Thi-Dan , Le Thi , Nguyen Thien-Annguyen , Dang Chi-Hien , Dang Van-Su , Nguyen Thanh-Danh
Published: June 2019

Two series of sulfonamides were synthesized from 4-hydrazinylbenzenesulfonamide as the key starting material. 1,3,5-Triarylpyrazoline sulfonamides (2a?i) were obtained by cyclocondensation of various chalcones in 53? ?64 % yields, while 4-thiazolidinone derivatives (4a?e) were synthesized by cyclocondensation between mercaptoacetic acid and different phenylhydrazones in 43?62 % yields. The synthesized compounds were characterized based on FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and HRMS data. The sulfonamides were evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against four bacterial strains (E. coli, P. aeruginosa, B. subtillis and S aureus), two filamentous fungal strains (A. niger and F. oxysporum) and two yeast strains (C. albicans and S. cerevisiae). Seven pyrazolines, 2a?c and 2e?h, exhibited significant inhibition of different microbial strains. Among them, compound 2b displayed good antifungal activity against A. niger (MIC value at 12.5 ?g mL-1) over the reference drug.
Optimized graded screen array configuration for particle size distribution of radon progeny in standard chamber
Authors: Chen Rui , Zhou Shu-Min
Published: June 2019

Particle size distribution of radon progeny is one of the most important parameters and it needs to be measured accurately. Graded screen array measurement is the most frequently used method for analyzing the characteristics of radon progeny but it needs optimization due to its complex configuration. In this paper, collection efficiency of a single screen and the number of screen array were applied for optimization and simplification of the graded screen array configuration by a series of experimental measurements, theoretical calculations, and standard comparison research methods. When optimized in this way, an experiment was designed for radon progeny particle size distribution in a customized radon chamber. The experiment results indicated that the activity median diameter in unattached mode was 0.81 nm and 287.32 nm in attached mode, which were similar to the results obtained by other researchers. The results prove that the method can satisfy the requirements of graded screen array measurement.
Standardizing T-Cell Biomarkers in Type 1 Diabetes: Challenges and Recent Advances
Authors: Ahmed Simi , Cerosaletti Karen , James Eddie , Long S. Alice , Mannering Stuart , Speake Cate , Nakayama Maki , Tree Timothy , Roep Bart O. , Herold Kevan C. , Brusko Todd M.
Published: June 2019

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from the progressive destruction of pancreatic β-cells in a process mediated primarily by T lymphocytes. The T1D research community has made dramatic progress in understanding the genetic basis of the disease as well as in the development of standardized autoantibody assays that inform both disease risk and progression. Despite these advances, there remains a paucity of robust and accepted biomarkers that can effectively inform on the activity of T cells during the natural history of the disease or in response to treatment. In this article, we discuss biomarker development and validation efforts for evaluation of T-cell responses in patients with and at risk for T1D as well as emerging technologies. It is expected that with systematic planning and execution of a well-conceived biomarker development pipeline, T-cell–related biomarkers would rapidly accelerate disease progression monitoring efforts and the evaluation of intervention therapies in T1D.
Olfactory Dysfunction Mediates Adiposity in Cognitive Impairment of Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From Clinical and Functional Neuroimaging Studies
Authors: Zhang Zhou , Zhang Bing , Wang Xin , Zhang Xin , Yang Qing X. , Qing Zhao , Zhang Wen , Zhu Dalong , Bi Yan
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

Large numbers of people with type 2 diabetes are obese. However, changes in cognition and related brain function in obese people with diabetes have not been characterized. Here, we investigated cognition, olfactory function, and odor-induced brain alterations in these patients and therapeutic effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ras) on their psychological behavior and olfactory networks.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Cognitive, olfactory, and odor-induced brain activation assessments were administered to 35 obese and 35 nonobese people with type 2 diabetes and 35 control subjects matched for age, sex, and education. Among them, 20 obese individuals with diabetes with inadequate glycemic control and metformin monotherapy received GLP-1Ra treatment for 3 months and were reassessed for metabolic, cognitive, olfactory, and neuroimaging changes.

RESULTS

Obese subjects with diabetes demonstrated lower general cognition and olfactory threshold scores, decreased left hippocampal activation, and disrupted seed-based functional connectivity with right insula compared with nonobese subjects with diabetes. Negative associations were found between adiposity and episodic memory and between fasting insulin and processing speed test time in diabetes. Mediation analyses showed that olfactory function and left hippocampus activation mediated these correlations. With 3-month GLP-1Ra treatment, obese subjects with diabetes exhibited improved Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score, olfactory test total score, and enhanced odor-induced right parahippocampus activation.

CONCLUSIONS

Obese subjects with type 2 diabetes showed impaired cognition and dysfunctional olfaction and brain networks, the latter of which mediated adiposity in cognitive impairment of diabetes. GLP-1Ras ameliorated cognitive and olfactory abnormalities in obese subjects with diabetes, providing new perspectives for early diagnosis and therapeutic approaches for cognitive decrements in these patients.
Effects of Exercise in Addition to a Family-Based Lifestyle Intervention Program on Hepatic Fat in Children With Overweight
Authors: Labayen Idoia , Medrano María , Arenaza Lide , Maíz Edurne , Osés Maddi , Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente , Ruiz Jonatan R. , Ortega Francisco B.
Published: June 2019

OBJECTIVE

Pediatric hepatic steatosis is highly prevalent and closely related to type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to determine whether the addition of supervised exercise to a family-based lifestyle and psycho-educational intervention results in greater reduction of percentage of hepatic fat (HF), adiposity, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children with overweight/obesity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The study subjects of this nonrandomized, two-arm, parallel design clinical trial were 116 overweight/obese children (10.6 ± 1.1 years of age, 53.4% girls) living in Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain). For 22 weeks, they followed either a lifestyle and psycho-education program (control intervention [CInt], N = 57), consisting of two family-based education sessions/month, or the same plus supervised exercise (intensive intervention [II], N = 59) focused mainly on high-intensity aerobic workouts (3 sessions/week, 90 min/session). The primary outcome was the change in percentage of HF (as measured by MRI) between baseline and the end of the intervention period. Secondary outcomes included changes in BMI, fat mass index (FMI), abdominal fat (measured by DEXA), blood pressure, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, γ-glutamyl transferase, glucose, and insulin concentrations.

RESULTS

A total of 102 children completed the trial (N = 53 and N = 49 in the CInt and II groups, respectively). Percentage of HF decreased only in the II group (−1.20 ± 0.31% vs. 0.04 ± 0.30%, II and CInt groups, respectively), regardless of baseline value and any change in adiposity (P < 0.01). BMI, FMI, abdominal fat (P ≤ 0.001), and insulin (P < 0.05) were reduced in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Multicomponent intervention programs that include exercise training may help to reduce adiposity, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis in overweight/obese children.
Analysis, Test and Management of the Meta-Heuristic Searching Process: An Experimental Study on SOS
Authors: KAHRAMAN Hamdi Tolga , ARAS Sefa , SÖNMEZ Yusuf , GÜVENÇ Uğur , GEDİKLİ Eyüp
Published: June 2019

In a search
process, getting trapped in a local minimum or jumping the global minimum
problems are also one of the biggest problems of meta-heuristic algorithms as
in artificial intelligence methods. In this paper, causes of these problems are
investigated and novel solution methods are developed. For this purpose, a
novel framework has been developed to test and analyze the meta-heuristic
algorithms. Additionally, analysis and test studies have been carried out for
Symbiotic Organisms Search (SOS) Algorithm. The aim of the study is to measure
the mimicking a natural ecosystem success of symbiotic operators. Thus,
problems in the search process have been discovered and operators' design
mistakes have been revealed as a case study of the developed testing and
analyzing method. Moreover, ways of realizing a precise neighborhood search
(intensification) and getting rid of the local minimum (increasing
diversification) have been explored. Important information that enhances the
performance of operators in the search process has been achieved through
experimental studies. Additionally, it is expected that the new experimental
test methods developed and presented in this paper contributes to
meta-heuristic algorithms studies for designing and testing.
Application of lasers in the synthesis and processing of two-dimensional quantum materials
Authors: Ahmadi Zabihollah , Yakupoglu Baha , Azam Nurul , Elafandi Salah , Mahjouri-Samani Masoud
Published: June 2019

Recently, two-dimensional (2D) quantum materials and particularly transition metal dichalcogenides have emerged as an exciting class of atomically thin materials that possess extraordinary optoelectronic and photonic properties. The strong light interactions with these materials not only govern their fascinating behavior but can also be used as versatile synthesis and processing tools to precisely tailor their structures and properties. This review highlights the recent progress in laser-based approaches for synthesis and processing of 2D materials that are often challenging via conventional methods. In the synthesis section, the review covers the pulsed laser deposition as the main growth method due to its ability to form and deliver atoms, clusters, or nanoparticles for the growth of 2D materials and thin films with controlled stoichiometry, number of layers, crystallite size, and growth location. It is also shown that the tunable kinetic energy of the atoms in the laser plume is essential for healing defects and doping of 2D layers. In the processing section, the review highlights the application of lasers in crystallization, sintering, direct writing, thinning, doping, and conversion of 2D materials. The spatial and temporal tunability, controlled energy, and power densities of laser beams enable a broad spectrum of applications in the synthesis and processing of 2D quantum materials that are not accessible by other means.
Estado de la prescripción por enfermería en la región Costa de Oaxaca
Authors: Vásquez Martínez Josué
Published: June 2019

La prescripción enfermera ha crecido significativamente en todo el mundo durante la última década. Recientemente en México se adicionó el artículo 28 Bis a la Ley General de Salud: ahí se enuncia que los licenciados en enfermería podrán prescribir cuando no se cuente con los servicios de un médico. A la fecha no existe ningún estudio a nivel nacional y mucho menos uno a nivel local que muestre el estado que guarda la prescripción por enfermería. Consecuentemente, el objetivo de este trabajo se centra en describir el estado de esta práctica en la región Costa de Oaxaca. Para ello se empleó un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, con un análisis descriptivo y de alcance transversal. La población estuvo constituida por 86 licenciados en enfermería adscritos a la Jurisdicción Sanitaria 04 Costa del estado de Oaxaca y que laboran en el primer nivel de atención. Y la muestra final constó de 11 licenciados en enfermería seleccionados por conveniencia. Se diseñó una encuesta con 10 preguntas y para el análisis de los datos se empleó el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 22, en donde se utilizaron las funciones de estadísticos descriptivos y respuestas múltiples.

De entre los resultados, 54.5 % de los participantes dijo contar con los conocimientos adecuados para realizar el diagnóstico correcto de la patología. Sin embargo, un idéntico porcentaje mencionó no haber escuchado nunca sobre el artículo 28 Bis de la Ley General de Salud, hasta que fue mencionado en la aplicación de la encuesta. Pese a ello, el total de los participantes prescribe en los centros de salud. El medicamento más prescrito fue el paracetamol (12.4 %). Por último, el total de los participantes estuvo de acuerdo en que el profesional de enfermería debe prescribir. A partir de lo anterior en este estudio se plantea que los licenciados en enfermería que laboran en el primer nivel de atención en centros de salud de la Secretaría de Salud de la región Costa del estado de Oaxaca sí prescriben y asumen dicha práctica como una función del gremio.
Eficiencia de la biorremediación de suelos contaminados con Diesel B5 mediante Microorganismo Eficaces (EM)
Authors: Loroña Calderón Frank , Gomez Lora Walter , Jaco Rivera Evilson , Reynaga Loayza Carol , Guiño Sinarahua Miluska , Gamarra Torres Jhonny , Díaz Huaman Fiorella , Huaman Buitron Noemi , Rafael Gutierrez Pamela , Mayte Quispe Jesús , Moran Carhuapoma Monica , Carhuancho Alzamora Luz Clara
Published: June 2019

La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de evaluar la eficiencia de la biorremediación mediante la aplicación de los microorganismos eficaces (EM) en cuatro tipos de usos de suelo contaminados con Diésel B5, de origen agrícola, costero, urbano y ribereño. La metodología utilizada consistió, primero en activar los Microorganismo EM durante nueve días para luego aplicarlo al suelo contaminado. Se aplicó por aspersión un litro por semana de Microorganismos EM activados sobre el área afectada durante 28 días en los cuatro tipos de usos de suelo. Los resultados permitieron determinar la eficiencia de la biorremediación en los cuatro tipos de usos de suelo; obteniendo para el suelo de uso urbano una eficiencia del 41.60 % con una disminución de 51 221 mg/kg a 29 911 mg/kg de HTP; para el suelo de uso agrícola, una eficiencia de biorremediación del 40.06 % con una disminución de 35 674 mg/kg a 21 383 mg/kg de HTP; para el suelo de uso ribereño una eficiencia de 35.05 % con una disminución de 7 604 mg/kg a 4 939 mg/kg de HTP y finalmente el suelo de uso costero una eficiencia de 15.29 % con una disminución de 12 973 mg/kg a 10 989 mg/kg de HTP. Asimismo, se determinó los coeficientes de correlación entre el porcentaje de materia orgánica (M.O) y la densidad aparente (D.A) del suelo con los resulta- dos de la eficiencia de biorremediación, obteniendo un valor de 0.9984 y 0.9496, respectivamente; observando una relación directa e indirecta entre las variables.