bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MEDICALIZAÇÃO E PATOLOGIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO: DESAFIOS À PSICOLOGIA ESCOLAR E EDUCACIONAL
Authors: Scarin Ana Carla Cividanes Furlan , Souza Marilene Proença Rebello de
Published: August 2020

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objeto de estudo a constituição histórica, cultural e social que transforma dificuldades de aprendizagem e de comportamento vividas no processo de escolarização em problemas individuais, de cunho biológico e/ou orgânico. A pesquisa consiste na análise da produção do discurso médico-científico que consolida bases de interpretação do referente às dificuldades de aprendizagem enquanto problemas médicos ou psicológicos, tanto quanto na organização das informações em uma Linha do Tempo, acerca de como os The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) vêm tratando as dificuldades de aprendizagem desde a sua primeira edição. Para viabilização, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica em fontes como MEDLINE, PubMED, LILACS, SCIELO, PsycInfo. Para compilação de dados e explanação dos resultados, apresenta-se a Linha do Tempo dos DSM, a qual se encontra publicada na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde - BVS PSI, no endereço: http://newpsi.bvs-psi.org.br/uploads/linha%20do%20tempo%20DSM/linha.html e será periodicamente alimentada.
Mestrado Profissional em Saúde da Família (ProfSaúde): uma experiência de formação em rede
Authors: Guilam Maria Cristina Rodrigues , Teixeira Carla Pacheco , Machado Maria de Fátima Antero Sousa , Fassa Anaclaudia Gastal , Fassa Maria Elizabeth Gastal , Gomes Marta Quintanilha , Pinto Maria Eugênia Bresolin , Dahmer Alessandra , Facchini Luiz Augusto
Published: August 2020

O Mestrado Profissional em Saúde da Família (ProfSaúde) é uma iniciativa em rede nacional com foco na formação de docentes e preceptores para a área da Saúde e para o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Este artigo apresenta o caráter inovador do curso que se desenvolve na área de Saúde Coletiva, com uma concepção pedagógica centrada na aprendizagem do sujeito e desenvolvida fortemente por meio de educação a distância, com encontros presenciais. Objetiva-se, assim, apresentar a proposta do ProfSaúde, com foco na sua concepção, organização curricular, produção dos materiais educacionais, e no funcionamento da rede de instituições de ensino e pesquisa. Em sua primeira edição, foram titulados 170 mestres e alguns trabalhos dos egressos estão sendo publicados neste Suplemento. Espera-se que esta experiência possa subsidiar outras propostas formativas, entendendo que o curso ainda se encontra em processo de constante aperfeiçoamento.
A DIFUSÃO DO PENSAMENTO DE MICHEL FOUCAULT NA ENFERMAGEM BRASILEIRA
Authors: Kruse Maria Henriqueta , Rocha Cristianne Maria , Sá e Carvalho Thaís Maranhão de , Begnini Danusa
Published: August 2020

Objetivo: Descrever e analisar a difusão do pensamento de Michel Foucault na Enfermagem brasileira. Método: Revisão realizada em 4 bases de dados, onde foram encontrados 1.335 artigos. Após a aplicação dos critérios foram selecionadas 78 produções, que operam conceitos de Foucault como modo de trabalho. Resultados: O primeiro artigo foi publicado em 1989, constatando-se o crescimento das publicações que difundem o pensamento de Michel Foucault na Enfermagem. A maior proporção das pesquisas foi desenvolvida na linha de pesquisa profissional na enfermagem. As ferramentas foucaultianas mais utilizadas foram poder e relações de saber-poder. Quanto aos domínios foucaultiano, destaca-se a utilização de conceitos das fases arqueológicas e genealógicas, em simultaneidade. Considerações finais: Michel Foucault é um autor cujas ferramentas têm potência para explorar diversos ângulos do trabalho na Enfermagem.
Growth enhancement of Brazilian green dwarf coconut seedlings by Bacillus cereus in coconut fiber substrate is associated with changes in metabolism and reduction in fertilization
Authors: Silva Gisele , Cardoso Aline , Alves Ediane , Costa Sidney Daniel da , Silva Junior Dalton da , Moraes Alessandra de , Lins Paulo Manoel
Published: August 2020

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of application of Bacillus cereus combined with the use of substrate and reduction in conventional fertilization on the growth of green dwarf coconut seedlings in Brazil, the Santa Isabel nursery in the state of Pará, Brazil. The experiment design was completely randomized with four treatments: soil+100% fertilizati+on; soil+ 50% fertilization + B. cereus; coconut fiber+100% of fertilization; and coconut fiber+33% of fertilization plus B. cereus, with 5 replications. Biochemical tests were performed with B. cereus and in the field where the following were evaluated: biometrics, hormonal and nutritional profile compared by t Test (P <0.05). Isolate B. cereus produced siderophores, IAA and phosphate solubilizer. In the field, the treatmwxent with inoculated coconut fiber and B. cereus stood out where nursery time was reduced by two months. Increments by 190% in IAA, 31% in GA3, and 17% in GA4 were found. This combination resulted in an increase by 98% in N, 42% in P, 82% in K, 103% in Ca, 68% in Mg, 84% in B, 41% in Fe, compared to control plants in coconut fiber+100% fertilization. Therefore, the use of B. cereus to obtain coconut seedlings is a technology that provides greater development in a shorter time in nursery and reduction in application of inputs.
Differentiation of a Contractile, Ureter-Like Tissue, from Embryonic Stem Cell–Derived Ureteric Bud and Ex Fetu Mesenchyme
Authors: Sallam May , Palakkan Anwar A. , Mills Christopher G. , Tarnick Julia , Elhendawi Mona , Marson Lorna , Davies Jamie A.
Published: August 2020

Significance Statement

There is intense interest in engineering new kidneys from embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells as research models, and perhaps eventually for clinical transplant. Although protocols exist for producing renal organoids from stem cells, these organoids lack an essential component, the ureter. The authors describe the production of ureter-like tissue consisting of embryonic stem cell–derived ureteric buds that organize ex fetu mesenchyme around it to form smooth muscle layers. These muscles spontaneously contract with a periodicity that is a little slower than that of peristalsis in natural ureters. This work represents a step toward developing organoids with a ureter, although inducing the tissue to elongate into a tube and connect it to the kidney is a remaining challenge.

Background

There is intense interest in replacing kidneys from stem cells. It is now possible to produce, from embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells, kidney organoids that represent immature kidneys and display some physiologic functions. However, current techniques have not yet resulted in renal tissue with a ureter, which would be needed for engineered kidneys to be clinically useful.

Methods

We used a published sequence of growth factors and drugs to induce mouse embryonic stem cells to differentiate into ureteric bud tissue. We characterized isolated engineered ureteric buds differentiated from embryonic stem cells in three-dimensional culture and grafted them into ex fetu mouse kidney rudiments.

Results

Engineered ureteric buds branched in three-dimensional culture and expressed Hoxb7, a transcription factor that is part of a developmental regulatory system and a ureteric bud marker. When grafted into the cortex of ex fetu kidney rudiments, engineered ureteric buds branched and induced nephron formation; when grafted into peri-Wolffian mesenchyme, still attached to a kidney rudiment or in isolation, they did not branch but instead differentiated into multilayer ureter-like epithelia displaying robust expression of the urothelial marker uroplakin. This engineered ureteric bud tissue also organized the mesenchyme into smooth muscle that spontaneously contracted, with a period a little slower than that of natural ureteric peristalsis.

Conclusions

Mouse embryonic stem cells can be differentiated into ureteric bud cells. Grafting those UB-like structures into peri-Wolffian mesenchyme of cultured kidney rudiments can induce production of urothelium and organize the mesenchyme to produce rhythmically contracting smooth muscle layers. This development may represent a significant step toward the goal of renal regeneration.
Efficacy of Rituximab and Plasma Exchange in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis with Severe Kidney Disease
Authors: Casal Moura Marta , Irazabal Maria V. , Eirin Alfonso , Zand Ladan , Sethi Sanjeev , Borah Bijan J. , Winters Jeffrey L. , Moriarty James P. , Cartin-Ceba Rodrigo , Berti Alvise , Baqir Misbah , Thompson Gwen E. , Makol Ashima , Warrington Kenneth J. , Thao Viengneesee , Specks Ulrich , Fervenza Fernando C.
Published: August 2020

Significance Statement

Efficacy of rituximab (RTX) in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) in patients with severe renal involvement (eGFR<30 ml/min per 1.73 m2) has not been addressed in clinical trials. This observational study did not find statistically significant differences between RTX and cyclophosphamide (CYC) for remission-induction therapy or any apparent benefit from the addition of plasma exchange (PLEX) to standard remission-induction therapy for patients with AAV and severe renal involvement. Although our analyses suggest that the benefits and risks of these therapeutic choices (RTX versus CYC with and without PLEX) are balanced, a randomized, controlled trial is needed to confirm these findings.

Background

Treatment of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) and severe renal involvement is not established. We describe outcomes in response to rituximab (RTX) versus cyclophosphamide (CYC) and plasma exchange (PLEX).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of MPO- or PR3-ANCA–positive patients with AAV (MPA and GPA) and severe kidney disease (eGFR <30 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Remission, relapse, ESKD and death after remission-induction with CYC or RTX, with or without the use of PLEX, were compared.

Results

Of 467 patients with active renal involvement, 251 had severe kidney disease. Patients received CYC (n=161) or RTX (n=64) for remission-induction, and 51 were also treated with PLEX. Predictors for ESKD and/or death at 18 months were eGFR <15 ml/min per 1.73 m2 at diagnosis (IRR 3.09 [95% CI 1.49 to 6.40], P=0.002), renal recovery (IRR 0.27 [95% CI 0.12 to 0.64], P=0.003) and renal remission at 6 months (IRR 0.40 [95% CI 0.18 to 0.90], P=0.027). RTX was comparable to CYC in remission-induction (BVAS/WG=0) at 6 months (IRR 1.37 [95% CI 0.91 to 2.08], P=0.132). Addition of PLEX showed no benefit on remission-induction at 6 months (IRR 0.73 [95% CI 0.44 to 1.22], P=0.230), the rate of ESKD and/or death at 18 months (IRR 1.05 [95% CI 0.51 to 2.18], P=0.891), progression to ESKD (IRR 1.06 [95% CI 0.50 to 2.25], P=0.887), and survival at 24 months (IRR 0.54 [95% CI 0.16 to 1.85], P=0.330).

Conclusions

The apparent benefits and risks of using CYC or RTX for the treatment of patients with AAV and severe kidney disease are balanced. The addition of PLEX to standard remission-induction therapy showed no benefit in our cohort. A randomized controlled trial is the only satisfactory means to evaluate efficacy of remission-induction treatments in AAV with severe renal involvement.
El uso del Antiguo Testamento en el nuevo: Diagnóstico y prescripción sobre el debate actual
Authors: Graf Maiorov Roy
Published: August 2020

El uso del Antiguo Testamento en el Nuevo ha sido objeto de estudio y debate debido a las implicancias hermenéuticas quedicho uso reviste para el intérprete contemporáneo. Un grupo de eruditos bíblicos sostiene que el Nuevo Testamento hace referencia al antiguo siempre en un sentido literal, llano o atenido al contexto original. Otros en cambio, sostienen que el Nuevo Testamento hace uso de textos del Antiguo reinterpretándolos en un sentido diferente a su intención original; se asume que éstos son sacados fuera de su contexto o se les atribuye un significado adicional que no es evidente en los textos mismos. En este debate juega un papel importante el concepto de sensus plenior, que ha sido interpretado de diversas formas. el presente artículo hace un “diagnóstico” del estado actual del debate en sus diversos matices a través de una revisión de la literatura en relación al mismo, a la vez que propone algunas “prescripciones” que puedan conducir la discusión por una senda más productiva.
Una nota histórica sobre el origen del Culto al Rey en el Antiguo Cercano Oriente
Authors: Azevedo Neto Joaquim
Published: August 2020

Una de las incógnitas de la historia universal es el acreditar al rey o monarca características o prerrogativas divinas. Esto es, la deificación de la persona del rey. Las simientes de esta institución religiosa empiezan en forma embrionaria en el periodo de Broce Temprano en el Antiguo Cercano Oriente (ACO) especialmente como fruto de la urbanización. Los tres factores del desarrollo de la religión sumeria más el factor urbano juntamente con la visión del estado tuvieron una gran influencia en este fenómeno de adoración al rey como una deidad.
IDENTIDAD Y FUNCIÓN DEL MACHO CABRÍO PARA AZAZEL SEGUN LEVÍTICO 16
Authors: Asmat Chávez David
Published: August 2020

La dimensión total de la identidad y función del macho cabrío por Azazel, solo puede ser percibida si se contempla cada figura del Santuario desde una perspectiva tipológica que exprese su propio simbolismo y significado. Esta perspectiva permite ver al Santuario presentando a Dios actuando e interactuando con su creación. Pero esto es posible únicamente si el intérprete se aproxima al texto de la Escritura siguiendo el principio de sola, tota y prima scriptura. Desde esta perspectiva, el macho cabrío por Azazel es un símbolo típico en la solución al problema del pecado donde el primer beneficiario es el pueblo de Dios. El yom kippur anual incluía típicamente la eliminación del pecado y, por ende la de Satanás como su causa principal. Esta ceremonia ilustraba además, un conflicto de dimensiones cósmicas que trasciende el ámbito terrenal. Finalmente, la participación del macho cabrío por Azazel, en el yom kippur, muestra cómo el archienemigo de Dios debe comparecer ante el tribunal celestial y asumir él mismo su responsabilidad por su rebelión y transgresión, todo lo cual representa la vindicación final de los justos y de Dios mismo.
Narrative Structure Analysis: A Story from “Hannah Gadsby: Nanette”
Authors: Wang Yue
Published: August 2020

According to Labov’s (1972) narrative elements, this paper attempts to analyze one narrative of Hannah Gadsby’s farewell stand-up show. And will discourse how a comedian combines humor with the idea in a story. Narrative structure analysis is one of the most crucial discourse types. In a stand-up show, the comedian prefers to use anecdotes to enhance their performance. Good comedians can present not only humor but their own unique viewpoint in narratives. Concentration is placed on the narrative structure to find out the relationship between humor and the speaker’s voice. It reveals that the six narrative elements can be found in Gadsby’s oral narrative. By combining the narrative elements, Gadsby expresses her consideration of females’ social situation in a humorous story. The function of her narrative is more than entertainment. This paper also found that when analyzing the speaker's humor, the audience's response is also a useful reference. Recording audiences in the transcript as the second speaker can bring the audience into Labov’s narrative framework analysis.
The Impact of Consciousness Raising and Communicative Tasks on Fluency and Accuracy during Interaction within Saudi Secondary School Students
Authors: Mukhrib Adnan
Published: August 2020

This study investigated the effect of collaborative tasks on language performance, with a focus on fluency and accuracy. Three groups of Saudi learners of English in a secondary school were given either awareness raising tasks, meaning-based activities or a combination. Quantitative data collected from 72 Saudi learners of English and then analysed to answer the research questions. The test results were analysed for speech fluency, written fluency, accuracy and lexical richness to provide quantitative measures of any improvement over the three test periods. Consideration was also given to language related episodes (LREs), i.e. pauses, repetitions and self-correction to identify changes during the interactions. The results indicated that there was an improvement in both fluency and accuracy. In addition, there is a likely significant benefit of encouraging interaction amongst peers during a task-based learning approach, particularly when there is a combination of CT and CR tasks, when compared to one task type. The findings underline the relationship between classroom interaction and practice and improvements in fluency and accuracy. This is important due to the increasing view that in the teaching of EFL, fluency is being neglected despite its importance in achieving communicative competence as Tavakoli and Hunter (2018) noted. As a result of the findings we argue that Saudi secondary school EFL classes should place a greater emphasis on TBL and interaction, combining both consciousness raising and communicative tasks to maximise the improved benefits seen in this study.
Literature Review on Language Learning Strategy Research in China
Authors: Wang Xueting
Published: August 2020

This paper was intended to sketch the landscape of the LLS researches conducted by Chinese researchers between 2003 and 2018, most of which took Chinese college student as research subjects. These researches covered eight topics, including the investigation of overall/individual features of LLS, comparison of LLS use between different learner groups, LLS instruction and the like.
The Effectiveness of Environment-based Reading Material in Increasing Students’ Vocabulary in EFL Learning in the Eighth Grade of Sumbawa District Junior High School
Authors: Umar Umar , Sudipa Nengah
Published: August 2020

The present study is an attempt to examine the competence of vocabulary of the Eighth Grade of Junior High School in the Sumbawa District. The study used environment-based reading material. The study indicates the levels of English vocabulary among 128 Grade 8 junior high school students in the Sumbawa District. The EFL learners of Sumbawa District were divided into four environment-based groups, namely; environment-based urban, represented by SMPN 2 Sumbawa (n=32), environment-based marine, represented by SMPN 4 Lab. Badas (n=32), environment-based urban, represented by SMPN 1 Moyo Hulu (n=32), and environment-based rural, represented by SMPN 1 Lopok (n=32). The quantitative descriptive research design was used to collect data pre- and post-test. The tests were multiple-choice, using environment-based reading material. Effectiveness was measured by comparing pre-test, post-test, and paired samples t-test. Based on the result of data analysis, it is evident that the Environment-based reading material was significant for Grade 8 of Junior High Schools in the Sumbawa District. Students who participated in an environmentally based reading program recorded an increased competency when compared with students outside the program.
On the Derivation of the Double Object Construction in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Li Haojie , Ma Zhigang
Published: August 2020

This paper adopts a Labeling approach to the analysis of the double object construction (DOC). In conformity with Chomsky’s (2013, 2014, 2015) Labeling Algorithm (LA), a unified account is proposed of the derivation of DOC in Mandarin Chinese. It is argued that the pair-Merged element in a complex verb in the DOC is invisible for labeling and the normal labeling procedure for the Head will apply.
Marcuse, H. (2019). Entre fenomenología y marxismo. Escritos filosóficos 1928-1933 (J. M. Romero Cuevas, Comp. & Trad.). Medellín: Editorial Universidad de Antioquia
Authors: Gómez Osorio Juan David
Published: August 2020

El libro de Herbert Marcuse Entre fenomenología y marxismo. Escritos filosóficos 1928-1933 (2019) viene a satisfacer la demanda de los lectores del autor de América latina, y de habla hispana en general, de tener una edición definitiva de sus trabajos de juventud. Marcuse nos había llegado como uno de los principales representantes del llamado marxismo heterodoxo del siglo XX. A su nombre habíamos asociado principalmente el proyecto de la Escuela de Frankfurt y la constitución de una teoría crítica de la sociedad; el auge de los movimientos sociales de protesta de la generación del 68, la fundación de una nueva izquierda internacional, así como el análisis teórico sobre la dominación de las necesidades y deseos en las sociedades industriales avanzadas; los intentos por pensar la clase revolucionaria más allá del proletariado industrial y una original propuesta de lectura de la estructura históricosocial desarrollada por Marx en conjunto con la histórico-subjetiva desarrollada por Freud. Obras como Razón y revolución (publicada en 1941) y El marxismo soviético (1958), sentaron las bases para una nueva interpretación de la dialéctica de Hegel y de Marx y la denuncia de las formas esclerotizadas del marxismo en las directrices ideológicas de la Unión Soviética.
Audiencia Preliminar y disminución del Estándar Probatorio. Apuntes para una reforma procesal en Cuba
Authors: Sardá Lloga Eduardo Antonio , Desloy Hechavarría Dariela Katia , Medina Marcheco Tahimí Beatriz
Published: August 2020

El presente trabajo está dedicado al análisis de la ausencia de regulación de la regla del estándar probatorio en el ordenamiento procesal civil cubano, toda vez que resulta necesario ante los cambios que se avecinan con la reforma procesal en nuestro país, de ahí que se proyecte una fundamentación teórica en cuanto a la necesidad de regulación de una regla de aplicación de suficiencia probatoria tanto para la Audiencia Preliminar como para la práctica de prueba de los procesos de conocimientos.
Nanoencapsulation of bioactive ingredients: trends in pharmaceutical industry and functional foods
Authors: MÁRQUEZ FERNÁNDEZ Diana Margarita
Published: August 2020

Multiple researches have allowed the development of nanoencapsulation techniques that ease the controlled or targeted release of bioactive components and favor their incorporation in different foods and medication formulations to improve their bioavailability. Recent studies have facilitated the development of nanoencapsulation systems of different active ingredients for functional foods, comprising phenolic compounds, antioxidants, essential oils, minerals, flavors, fish oils, essential fatty acids, vitamins, antimicrobials, soluble fiber, peptides, lycopene, lutein, β-carotene, phytosterols, iron, calcium, among others, as well as bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications as polyphenols, curcumin, quercetin, resveratrol and epigallocatechin-3-gallate.
Effect of the consumption of a food based on fruits and natural additives in patients with cardiovascular risk
Authors: FRANCO LONDOÑO Maria Camila , ISAZA Adrián , POSADA Gladys , MALDONADO CELIS Maria Elena
Published: August 2020

Background: cardiovascular diseases (CVD), a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels are the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Strategies for its prevention have been proposed,

such as modifying life habits, including increasing the consumption of fruits and vegetables associated with the decrease in the probability of suffering CVD. Objective: to evaluate the effects of a base compote of guava (Psidium guajava) and passion fruit (Passiflora ligularis) on blood pressure and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in hypertensive type two diabetic patients. Methods: food characterization test (microbiological, proximal, sensorial, antioxidant activity and total phenols). The compote was administered for 21 days to 8 adults (30 to 65 years old); glycaemia, blood pressure, inflammatory markers, and BMI and waist circumference before and after the intervention were measured. Results: the sensory test showed: 66% acceptance and all attributes a value >3, indicating that it was well evaluated. The microbiological aspects comply with the safety for human consumption and nutritionally it stands out that the contribution of carbohydrates (12.3%) is adequate for these patients. The hydrophilic ORAC value was 98.570 μmol ET/g sample. In the patients at the end of the study, a statistically significant decrease in systolic blood pressure was observed (127 mmHg, p 0.041) and the pro-inflammatory markers TNFα, IL-1β and IL6 (31.9 pg/mL, p 0.012, 31.9 pg/mL, p 0.012, and 3.5 pg/mL, p 0.017 respectively) and glycaemia increase (157.5 mg/dL, p 0.036). Conclusions: the medium-term consumption of a compote based on guava, passion fruit, cinnamon and flaxseed oil improves systolic blood pressure and the proinflammatory markers TNFα, IL-1β and IL6 in diabetic and hypertensive patients.
Automatic classification of water samples using an optimized SVM model applied to cyclic voltammetry signals.
Authors: Romero Hugo Italo , RAMÍREZ-MORALES Ivan , ROMERO FLORES Cinthia
Published: August 2020

Background: concern about the quality of the water for human consumption has become widespread among the population. The taste and some problems associated with drinking water have been the cause of increased demand for bottled water. Due to this, day to day, a large number of companies has manifested their interest in the production of bottled water. Objective: to evaluate a novel automatic classification model that differentiates bottled water from tap water. Methods: the voltammetric technique consisted of three electrode setup. The output current has been considered for data analysis. From the results of grid search, six pairs of values were pre-selected for the parameters of σ and C whose results were similar. High values of accuracy, specificity and sensitivity were achieved in test dataset. The final decision was made after performing an ANOVA test of 100 repetitions of 5-fold cross-validation, 3000 models were evaluated with the parameter combinations described above for the SVM. Results: the oxidation and reduction peaks of the water samples have been observed to be prominent. Absolute values of current (I) increased in the case of public water samples, possibly due to the largest concentration of chloride ions which have higher contributions to the conductivity. 5-fold cross-validation test mean specificity resulted in C parameters values greater than 0 and between 0 and 30; a σ value greater than 10 and between 0 and 15 were found for tap water and bottled water, respectively. The combination (σ = 10, C = 30) presented best results in accuracy 0.988 ± 0.037, specificity 0.973 ± 0.085 and sensitivity 1 ± 0.09. Conclusions: results of this research work have shown that voltammograms for values of current increased for tap water samples, 9.94e-6μA, compared to 7.99e-6μA due to higher chloride ions concentration in the former. The parameters combination (σ = 10, C = 20) was selected as optimal parameters since there were no significant difference between this and the former.
TOXINOLOGY IN COLOMBIA: CONTRIBUTIONS OF PROGRAMA DE OFIDISMO/ESCORPIONISMO AND OTHER RESEARCH GROUPS
Authors: Pereañez Jaime Andrés , Preciado Lina María , Romero Luz Elena
Published: August 2020

Background: Toxinology is a field of toxicology involved in studying toxins from animals, plants and microorganisms. In Colombia, in last thirty years, this area has been mainly studied by Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo of the Universidad de Antioquia, however, some other research groups have been also contributed in our knowledge of venoms, toxin, effects and treatments. Objective: highlights the most important findings in toxinology made by Programa de Ofidismo/Escorpionismo and other research groups in Colombia. Methods: we collected and analyze119 manuscripts dealing with the history of ophidiology and toxinology in Colombia. Results: we describe some useful terms to understand the toxinology and their scopes. In addition, we build a brief history of ophidiology beginning with the period corresponding to the discovery of America, and ending with recent findings. Finally, we perform a great description of several results related to toxin isolation, characterization, antivenoms, clinical trials, new species descriptions, pretoemic and transcriptomic, among other. The nineteens was characterized by the study of snakebites, their clinic manifestations and the use of antivenoms. In addition, the ethnopharmacological studies of medicinal plants used in snakebite treatments began to be explored. The 2000s included the newly ethnopharmacology, toxin isolation, clinical trials, inhibitor studies, scorpion venom characterization and scorpion stings features. Finally, from 2010 until today, proteomic and transcriptomic gave the most important findings. Conclusions: Toxinology works in Colombia have contributed in our knowledge about endemic species, clinical manifestations of snakebites and scorpion stings, however, we invite to Colciencias and other funding agencies to have more resources in order to support more researchers in this field, since, snakebite is a public neglected disease and need more attention from governments and academic people. Finally, we still have ignorance about the venoms of some species and their possible mode of action. In addition, given the complexity of venoms, we ignore the potential use of toxins in current biomedicine. Thus, we must continue performing studies in toxinology.
OPTIMIZATION OF ULTRASOUND ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF POLYPHENOLS IN COCOA BEANS
Authors: Fajardo Daza Jonny Ariel , Herrera Ruales Frank Carlos , Ibarra Cabrera Carol Andrea
Published: August 2020

Background: The determination of polyphenols in cocoa beans allows the establishing of antioxidant properties of great benefit to this product. Objectives: Optimization of the ultrasound-assisted extraction method to determine the content of polyphenols in cocoa beans. Methods: Two experiments design stages were carried out to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction process of polyphenols from the cocoa bean. In the first experiment design stage, the adequate extraction solvent was determined; for this purpose, five types of solvents were evaluated through a completely random design unrestricted (CRD). In the second experiment stage, a central composite design 22 + star point (with two central points) was used, which was evaluated using the response surface methodology to determine the influence of the temperature, time, and solute / solvent ratio. Results: The experiment found that acetone: water: acetic acid (70: 29.5: 0.5) mixture, leads to a greater amount of total extracted phenols measured for the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) found that six significant effects that influence the response variable (total phenols extracted). The main effects were of the three factors and three of their interactions. Conclusions: After the optimizing said factors, an optimal point was found: 39.3 °C oftemperature, 74.5 minutes, and 22.8 mL of solvent per gram of cocoa sample.
EFFECT OF MANGO (Mangifera indica) CV. AZÚCAR JUICE CONSUMPTION ON PLASMA ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS BIOMARKERS
Authors: Zapata Maria bibiana , Ramos Polo Ana , Alzate Andres Felipe , Restrepo Betancur Luis Fernando , Rojano Benjamin , Maldonado Maria Elena
Published: August 2020

Background: Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is one of the world’s most consumed fruit, and it is also a rich source of antioxidants that may prevent oxidative stress. Objectives: This study aimed to determine if mango (cv. Azúcar) juice can improve the antioxidant status of healthy individuals with low consumption of vegetables and fruit. Methods: This was a cross-over single-blind study carried out with 16 healthy individuals for 73 days. Participants were randomly assigned to either a mango juice period or a placebo period. Total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, mangiferin, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total glutathione, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels were determined in plasma. Results: Plasma antioxidant activity was significantly higher in the juice consumption period than the placebo consumption period; however, total phenolic content, total glutathione, TBARS, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine levels did not show significant differences between juice period and placebo period. Mangiferin was detected in every participant after juice consumption. Conclusions: Mango (cv. Azúcar) juice daily consumption improves plasma antioxidant capacity.
Diretrizes pedagógicas e a construção do projeto pedagógico local: uma construção coletiva necessária
Authors: Fernandes Ana Lúcia , Finkler Cavion Ingrid
Published: August 2020

Este artigo aborda questões relacionadas à gestão e ao processo de elaboração do Projeto político-pedagógico (PPP). A análise foi feita tendo como referência o documento guia, de cunho teórico-metodológico, elaborado pelo Órgão Regulador e o Projeto político-pedagógico (PPP) de uma escola da magistratura no Rio Grande do Sul. Aponta a emergência de conceitos estruturantes quanto às abordagens do processo de ensino, ao processo de aprendizagem, e a relação entre inovação e forma-ção específica. Aspectos estes que estão relacionados entre si e a outros fatores que fazem parte da dinâmica educativa, mas, neste artigo, ganham especial ênfase. O artigo também busca compreender como a coordenação pedagógica lida com essas questões, com vistas à ressignificação e a inovação nas práticas educativas. A análise documental identificou pontos mais frágeis que podem impactar na produção das subjetividades de alunos e professores desta escola e que merecem ser revistos em um processo de fortalecimento institucional.
La enseñanza del juicio moral en Bachillerato con la película El chacal de Nahueltoro (1969)
Authors: Arriaga Benítez Juan Manuel
Published: August 2020

El juicio moral es un tema abordado en la asignatura de Ética, que se imparte en las escuelas mexica-nas de nivel Medio Superior (Bachillerato, Preparatoria o equivalentes), para que los estudiantes ad-quieran conocimientos sobre formación de valores y actitudes, pero sobre todo para que obtengan una comprensión más detallada del proceso cognitivo que acompaña la configuración de una moral con-gruente con su edad y calidad de vida. El objetivo de la presente investigación es demostrar cómo la película chilena El chacal de Nahueltoro induce un aprendizaje más significativo de este tema matriz en la formación ética de los estudiantes de entre 15 y 17 años de edad. Mi necesidad de escribir este artículo surgió como un interés por fomentar en la comunidad global docente la revisión e inclusión de materiales fílmicos dentro del aula de clases, ya que he notado que el aprendizaje a través del cine es un incentivo adecuado para captar el interés de los estudiantes en un determinado tema; para ello, se describen y evalúan, mediante un enfoque cualitativo de tendencia funcionalista, los resultados didác-ticos que he tenido oportunidad de obtener a lo largo de mis dos últimos años como docente, al facili-tar la enseñanza mediante la discusión y el análisis de la mencionada película en el ambiente de clase. La línea científica que sigo está basada en el proceso de investigación cualitativa explicado por Rober-to H. Sampieri en su Metodología de la investigación.
Relato de Experiência: a construção da mão biônica como modelo didático no ensino de Ciências
Authors: Furusawa Guilherme , Calegari Forcato Nathália
Published: August 2020

A instrumentação do ensino com o uso de modelos didáticos, construídos pelos alunos, se mostra uma ferramenta eficaz, lúdica, capaz de auxiliar na observação e na concretização de diversos conteúdos curriculares do ensino de Ciências. Dentro da temática do Corpo Humano, para que os alunos compre-endam a relação entre os músculos e os movimentos do corpo, faz-se fundamental que conheçam o papel dos tendões, estrutura que tem a função de conectar as peças anteriores. Dessa forma, os alunos do 8º ano do Ensino Fundamental construíram uma mão biônica, com objetivo de simular o funciona-mento do movimento do antebraço e mão humana. Valendo-se de sucata, onde o papelão, reutilizado de caixas, deu a forma anatômica de um dos membros anteriores humano, e cordões simularam os ten-dões do antebraço e mão, proporcionando a compreensão destas importantes estruturas biológicas. Ainda trabalharam, de forma interdisciplinar, com conteúdos de Literatura e Educação Física na com-preensão da relação existente entre as Ciências Naturais e a qualidade de vida. O trabalho em tela obje-tivou relatar um exemplo bem-sucedido de aula prática, apoiado em modelo didático, de baixo custo e interdisciplinar.
Millicomposting: composting based on the use of diplopods aiming at the production of organic substrates
Authors: Antunes Luiz Fernando de Sousa , Correia Maria Elizabeth Fernandes , Silva Maura Santos Reis de Andrade da , Silva Dione Galvão da
Published: August 2020

Millicomposting, a not so well-known biotechnology, involves the biotransformation of vegetable residues into stable organic matter, promoted by the activity of diplopods, popularly known as millipedes. Considering the importance of the substrate in the production of vegetable seedlings, the aim of the present work was to assess the millicomposting technique and evaluate the efficiency of millicompost in the production of seedlings of the American lettuce cultivar Angelina. The millicompost consisted of Bauhinia sp. (cow’s foot leaves), Paspalum notatum (grass clippings), Musa sp. (banana leaves), and cardboard. Physical, physicochemical, and chemical analyses of the obtained millicompost were performed 180 days into the experiment. The lettuce seedlings were grown in expanded polystyrene trays of 200 cells and the evaluations occurred 30 days after sowing. The evaluated phytotechnical characteristics were fresh and dry shoot mass, fresh and dry root mass, plant height, number of leaves, seedling vigor, and clod stability. The millicompost had a higher total nutrient content and lower volume density than the Biomix® organic substrate. All of the developmental parameters of the lettuce seedlings differed between the millicompost and the Biomix® organic substrate; all of the mean values were higher for the millicompost, except for the number of leaves, which did not differ from the Biomix® organic substrate. The millicomposting process facilitated the reuse of organic waste by converting it into quality organic compost and resulted in the efficient production of excellent quality lettuce seedlings.
Análise de viabilidade econômica do farelo do resíduo de açaí na alimentação de poedeiras comerciais leves
Authors: Rufino João Paulo Ferreira , Cruz Frank George Guimarães , Oliveira Filho Pedro Alves de , Brasil Ronner Joaquim Mendonça , Melo Lucas Duque , Andrade Pedro Gabriel Carneiro de
Published: August 2020

O presente estudo objetivou verificar a viabilidade econômica do farelo do resíduo de açaí em rações para poedeiras comerciais leves. Foram utilizadas 180 poedeiras Hissex White com 65 semanas distribuídas em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos (níveis de farelo do resíduo de açaí) e cinco repetições de seis aves cada. O experimento durou 105 dias divididos em cinco períodos de 21 dias. Os dados coletados foram analisados por regressão polinomial a 5% de significância. Foram observadas diferenças no consumo de ração acumulado, custo alimentar e produção de ovos, onde a inclusão de até 10% de farelo do resíduo de açaí apresentou melhores resultados. O custo de produção dos ovos aumentou linearmente conforme houve a inclusão do farelo do resíduo de açaí nas rações. A inclusão até 10% de farelo do resíduo de açaí apresentou melhores resultados. A partir deste nível, a inclusão crescente de farinha do resíduo de açaí até 25% reduziu a renda obtida. Este resultado afetou diretamente o valor agregado bruto, onde houve uma redução linear dos lucros obtidos. Entretanto, a inclusão de 10% apresentou melhor lucratividade. Já o ponto de equilíbrio aumentou conforme foi crescente a inclusão de farelo do resíduo de açaí nas rações. Conclui-se que a farinha do resíduo de açaí pode ser utilizada como alimento alternativo em rações de poedeiras comerciais leves, tendo o nível de 10% de inclusão apresentado melhor viabilidade econômica. A partir de 15% de inclusão observam-se perdas econômicas significativas.
Correlação entre assentamentos e desmatamento: um estudo das dependências entre variáveis em 32 projetos de assentamentos atendidos no Projeto Radis
Authors: Avila Silvia Regina Starling Assad de , Avila Mario Lucio de , Bernardi José Vicente Elias , Couto Junior Antonio Felipe
Published: August 2020

O Estado do Mato Grosso destaca-se negativamente por ter registrado um histórico de desmatamento expressivo quando comparado com os demais entes federativos nos últimos anos. Como o desmatamento é um fenômeno de natureza complexa e que não pode ser atribuído a um único vetor, o objetivo do presente texto é apontar variáveis que podem ter correlação com o desmatamento em 32 assentamentos de reforma agrária situados no Mato Grosso após o ano de 2008, marco estabelecido pela Lei 12.651/2012 com variáveis obtidas pelas pesquisas de campo realizadas no âmbito do Projeto Radis (Incra-UnB) durante os anos de 2016-2017. O estudo, de caráter exploratório, primou pela busca da compreensão dos fatores que podem (ou não) estar relacionados ao desmatamento no período recente. Neste momento, utilizou-se de uma regressão múltipla stepwise (VENABLES; RIPLEY, 2002) para obter as variáveis com poder preditivo relativo ao desmatamento construindo e testando relações entre variáveis estruturais dos assentamentos e os dados de desmatamento dos mesmos. Os resultados mostram que entre as treze variáveis estudadas, apenas duas delas (aposentados e renda pecuária) possuem potencial explicativo e significância para compor o modelo explicativo do fenômeno do desmatamento. A variável “aposentado” possui correlação inversa e altamente significativa (P < 0,0001) com o desmatamento nos Projetos de Assentamentos, enquanto a variável “renda pecuária” possui correlação direta. Não obstante, é importante reforçar que os assentamentos estudados contribuem de maneira muito pequena ao desmatamento quando comparados à realidade do Estado como um todo.
MOLA VESICULOSA
Authors: Lvov I. M.
Published: August 2020

Dear Sirs! Let me take your attention for a while with the analysis of one pathological form that develops during pregnancy and is called "Mola vesiculosa" s. myxoma chorii multiplex ". I decided to speak before the Society with a demonstration of molae vesiculosae preparations and a brief report on this pathological form on the following grounds: a) this form of the fluffy membrane disease is relatively rare - I observed it only four times during 11 years of practice and approximately on 6000 births that have passed through my hands during this time; b) the course of pregnancy with her is greatly disturbed, often accompanied by special phenomena; c) the clinical picture of this disease is also not quite definitely studied, and d) finally, the therapy of this form of the disease also cannot be considered completely complete.
A rare cause of death of a woman in labor (bleeding from ruptured peritonitic adhesions)
Authors: Walter K.
Published: August 2020

On June 29, 1890, N. was called to a pregnant 36-year-old nurse who gave birth 2 times: 7 years ago an immature dead fetus and 11/2 years of a so-called premature baby. The last bloods were in November 1889. Pregnancy was proceeding normally, but on June 28, after the jump, she felt a strong stitching in her right side and after that the onset of unusually painful attempts.
A case of primary syphilitic vaginal ulcer
Authors: Rutkowski A.
Published: August 2020

Oddly enough, but syphilitic chancre is extremely rare in the vagina, so rare that some authors call it an exceptional find. In the given case, there were the following phenomena: on the outer surface of the labia majora, - several papules of small size in the initial period of development.
A case of supravaginal amputation of the uterus. Intraperitoneal method. Recovery
Authors: Ruzi D.
Published: August 2020

On February 19, 1890, patient EI, 50 years old, was admitted to the hospital, extremely exhausted; subcutaneous fat layer is poorly developed, visible mucous membranes are pale. Regula appeared at the age of 15, the first birth at the age of 21. Dysmenoric phenomena, which appeared 10 years ago, have significantly increased since last summer. Pain is localized mainly in the left groin area. Hemorrhages have become more profuse, showing almost daily lately. An objective examination revealed a tumor in the lower abdomen, completely smooth, uniformly dense consistency, the size of a child's head. The body of the uterus is directly connected to it. The outer opening of the portionis vaginalis passes the tip of the finger. The vaults are free.
Fifty gluttonies
Authors: Hermonius A.
Published: August 2020

From July 1888 to April 1891, the author performed 50 celiac cuts, mainly for diseases of the female reproductive apparatus. Of these, 29 were made due to tumors of the ovaries and uterus, 13 - due to inflammatory changes in the ovaries and tubes, 2 - with an ectopic pregnancy, 1 - with an abdominal cyst (without communication with the genitals), 1 - with renal sarcoma, 1 - with sarcoma small intestine and 3 - with neoplasms of the peritoneum.
Poisoning with mercuric chloride
Authors: Walter K.
Published: August 2020

The predominant obstetrician and gynecological obstetricians 'and gynecologists' obsession with sublimate suffered a significant chill after the accidents published by Lomer, Stadtfeld, Ntz, Winter, Patridge.
Factors predicting knowledge on COVID-19 misconceptions and perception of government efforts in Ghana: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Bondah Emmanuel K. , Agyemang Daniel O.
Published: August 2020

Background: With the increasing rate of COVID-19 cases and mortality across the globe, countries and most people have adopted precautionary and preventive measures to avoid been infected with the disease. However, several trending myths and misconceptions also floods the world during this era.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 587 participants (53% males, 78% aged 18-30 years, and 74% having at least tertiary level education) in Ghana, using a convenience snowballing sampling approach. A self-designed questionnaire based on “World Health Organization (WHO) myth-busters” was used for data collection. A logistic regression model was developed to explore variables predicting misconceptions.

Results: With about 75% of respondents believing they knew “a lot” about coronavirus, 41% (confidence interval: 37-45) reported a high level of knowledge on the new coronavirus misconceptions. Social media (87%), and television/radio (57%) were the major sources of knowledge. Masters/Ph.D. degree education, National democratic congress (NDC) political members, other political party members, excellent self-health ratings, social media, respondents that anticipate a remedy in 1-5 years, and the perception that the government is “not doing enough” in fighting the pandemic, were reported factors predicting knowledge in a multiple logistic regression model (p<0.05). Region of residence, political affiliation, self-health ratings, predicted time of remedy, and level of knowledge on covid-19 misconceptions were also associated with the perception of government efforts (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Most Ghanaians have much belief in trending misinformation related to the pandemic. Public health education and campaigns should address these misconceptions and encourage the public to seek information from credible sources.