bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Serum cobalamin in children with moderate acute malnutrition in Burkina Faso: Secondary analysis of a randomized trial
Authors: Friis Henrik , Cichon Bernardette , Fabiansen Christian , Iuel-Brockdorff Ann-Sophie , Yaméogo Charles W. , Ritz Christian , Frikke-Schmidt Ruth , Briend André , Michaelsen Kim F. , Christensen Vibeke B. , Filteau Suzanne , Olsen Mette F.
Published: March 2022

Background

Among children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) the level of serum cobalamin (SC) and effect of food supplements are unknown. We aimed to assess prevalence and correlates of low SC in children with MAM, associations with hemoglobin and development, and effects of food supplements on SC.

Methods and findings

A randomized 2 × 2 × 3 factorial trial was conducted in Burkina Faso. Children aged 6 to 23 months with MAM received 500 kcal/d as lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) or corn–soy blend (CSB), containing dehulled soy (DS) or soy isolate (SI) and 0%, 20%, or 50% of total protein from milk for 3 months. Randomization resulted in baseline equivalence between intervention groups. Data on hemoglobin and development were available at baseline. SC was available at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. SC was available from 1,192 (74.1%) of 1,609 children at baseline. The mean (±SD) age was 12.6 (±5.0) months, and 54% were females. Low mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC; <125 mm) was found in 80.4% (958) of the children and low weight-for-length z-score (WLZ; <−2) in 70.6% (841). Stunting was seen in 38.2% (456). Only 5.9% were not breastfed. Median (IQR) SC was 188 (137; 259) pmol/L. Two-thirds had SC ≤222 pmol/L, which was associated with lower hemoglobin. After age and sex adjustments, very low SC (<112 pmol/L) was associated with 0.21 (95% CI: 0.01; 0.41, p = 0.04) and 0.24 (95% CI: 0.06; 0.42, p = 0.01) z-score lower fine and gross motor development, respectively.

SC data were available from 1,330 (85.9%) of 1,548 children followed up after 3 months and 398 (26.5%) of the 1,503 children after 6 months. Based on tobit regression, accounting for left censored data, and adjustments for correlates of missing data, the mean (95% CI) increments in SC from baseline to the 3- and 6-month follow-up were 72 (65; 79, p < 0.001) and 26 (16; 37, p < 0.001) pmol/L, respectively. The changes were similar among the 310 children with SC data at all 3 time points. Yet, the increase was 39 (20; 57, p < 0.001) pmol/L larger in children given LNS compared to CSB if based on SI (interaction, p < 0.001). No effect of milk was found. Four children died, and no child developed an allergic reaction to supplements. The main limitation of this study was that only SC was available as a marker of status and was missing from a quarter of the children.

Conclusions

Low SC is prevalent among children with MAM and may contribute to impaired erythropoiesis and child development. The SC increase during supplementation was inadequate. The bioavailability and adequacy of cobalamin in food supplements should be reconsidered.

Trial registration

ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN42569496.
Limiting factors for queen conch (Lobatus gigas) reproduction: A simulation-based evaluation
Authors: Farmer Nicholas A. , Doerr Jennifer C.
Published: March 2022

Queen conch are among the most economically, socially, and culturally important fishery resources in the Caribbean. Despite a multitude of fisheries management measures enacted across the region, populations are depleted and failing to recover. It is believed that queen conch are highly susceptible to depensatory processes, impacting reproductive success and contributing to the lack of recovery. We developed a model of reproductive dynamics to evaluate how variations in biological factors such as population density, movement speeds, rest periods between mating events, scent tracking, visual perception of conspecifics, sexual facilitation, and barriers to movement affect reproductive success and overall reproductive output. We compared simulation results to empirical observations of mating and spawning frequencies from conch populations in the central Bahamas and Florida Keys. Our results confirm that low probability of mate finding associated with decreased population density is the primary driver behind observed breeding behavior in the field, but is insufficient to explain observed trends. Specifically, sexual facilitation coupled with differences in movement speeds and ability to perceive conspecifics may explain the observed lack of mating at low densities and differences between mating frequencies in the central Bahamas and Florida Keys, respectively. Our simulations suggest that effective management strategies for queen conch should aim to protect high-density reproductive aggregations and critical breeding habitats.
Reasons for COVID-19 vaccine refusal among people incarcerated in Canadian federal prisons
Authors: Ortiz-Paredes David , Varsaneux Olivia , Worthington James , Park Hyejin , MacDonald Shannon E. , Basta Nicole E. , Lebouché Bertrand , Cox Joseph , Ismail Shainoor J. , Kronfli Nadine
Published: March 2022

Background

Vaccine uptake rates have been historically low in correctional settings. To better understand vaccine hesitancy in these high-risk settings, we explored reasons for COVID-19 vaccine refusal among people in federal prisons.

Methods

Three maximum security all-male federal prisons in British Columbia, Alberta, and Ontario (Canada) were chosen, representing prisons with the highest proportions of COVID-19 vaccine refusal. Using a qualitative descriptive design and purposive sampling, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with incarcerated people who had previously refused at least one COVID-19 vaccine until data saturation was achieved. An inductive–deductive thematic analysis of audio-recorded interview transcripts was conducted using the Conceptual Model of Vaccine Hesitancy.

Results

Between May 19-July 8, 2021, 14 participants were interviewed (median age: 30 years; n = 7 Indigenous, n = 4 visible minority, n = 3 White). Individual-, interpersonal-, and system-level factors were identified. Three were particularly relevant to the correctional setting: 1) Risk perception: participants perceived that they were at lower risk of COVID-19 due to restricted visits and interactions; 2) Health care services in prison: participants reported feeling “punished” and stigmatized due to strict COVID-19 restrictions, and failed to identify personal benefits of vaccination due to the lack of incentives; 3) Universal distrust: participants expressed distrust in prison employees, including health care providers.

Interpretation

Reasons for vaccine refusal among people in prison are multifaceted. Educational interventions could seek to address COVID-19 risk misconceptions in prison settings. However, impact may be limited if trust is not fostered and if incentives are not considered in vaccine promotion.
A multicenter survey of patients’ favorite type of nursing care and associated factors in Hebei Province, China
Authors: Lv Hongzhi , Cui Yi , Li Chao , Yan Xiaoli , Yang Na , Wang Yadong , Zhang Yingze
Published: March 2022

Background

Nursing care service is an important part of the healthcare system; however, patients’ favorite type of nursing care remains unknown. This study aims to investigate inpatients’ and nurses’ favorite types of nursing care and identify nurses’ learning needs.

Method

The study selected a province-representative sample of inpatients and nurses using a stratified random sampling method from 18 selected hospitals, including 9 Level Ⅱ hospitals and 9 Level Ⅲ hospitals in 9 cities of Hebei province. All participants were personally interviewed about their favorite type of nursing care. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the potential associations between favorite nursing care and factors about inpatients and nurses.

Results

Data from 3,642 inpatients and 371 nurses were included for the final analysis during this survey. Among inpatients, the proportions who selected good attitude-centered, good nursing skill-centered, good environment-centered and good health education guidance-centered as their favorite types of nursing care were 49.9%, 31.8%, 5.8%, and 12.5%, respectively. Concurrently, among nurses, the proportions were 49.9%, 29.6%, 19.1%, and 1.3%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that most patients selected good attitude-centered nursing care as their favorite type of nursing care. However, patients who did not live with guardians and had more than one hospitalization per year were more likely to select other nursing care types.

Conclusion

Attitude-centered nursing care service was the favorite type of nursing care for most inpatients and nurses. Health education guidance was another main concern of inpatients. The main factors affecting the patients’ choice of favorite nursing care included patients’ living status and the number of hospitalization events per year. Nursing education should focus on nurse attitude as well as on health education guidance.
Is body fat mass associated with worse gross motor skills in preschoolers? An exploratory study
Authors: Nobre Juliana Nogueira Pontes , Morais Rosane Luzia De Souza , Fernandes Amanda Cristina , Viegas Ângela Alves , Figueiredo Pedro Henrique Scheidt , Costa Henrique Silveira , Camargos Ana Cristina Resende , Dias-Peixoto Marco Fabrício , Mendonça Vanessa Amaral , Lacerda Ana Cristina Rodrigues
Published: March 2022

We compared the motor competence between overweight/obese and eutrophic preschoolers with similar physical activity levels, age, socioeconomic status, maternal education, quality of the home environment and quality of the school environment. We also investigated to what extent excess body fat mass explains gross motor skills in preschoolers. A cross-sectional quantitative and exploratory study was conducted with 48 preschoolers assigned into eutrophic and overweight/obese groups. Overweight/obese preschoolers had worse Locomotor subtest standard scores than the eutrophic ones (p = 0.01), but similar Object Control subtest and Gross Motor Quotient scores (p > 0.05). Excess body fat mass explained 12% of the low Locomotor subtest standard scores in preschoolers (R2 = 0.12; p = 0.007). Excess body fat mass was associated with worse locomotor skills when the model was adjusted for physical activity levels, age, socioeconomic status, maternal education, quality of the home environment and quality of the school environment. Thus, excess body fat mass partly explains lower locomotor skills in preschoolers.
RespiCoV: Simultaneous identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and 46 respiratory tract viruses and bacteria by amplicon-based Oxford-Nanopore MinION sequencing
Authors: Brinkmann Annika , Uddin Steven , Ulm Sophie-Luisa , Pape Katharina , Förster Sophie , Enan Khalid , Nourlil Jalal , Krause Eva , Schaade Lars , Michel Janine , Nitsche Andreas
Published: March 2022

Since December 2019 the world has been facing the outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Identification of infected patients and discrimination from other respiratory infections have so far been accomplished by using highly specific real-time PCRs. Here we present a rapid multiplex approach (RespiCoV), combining highly multiplexed PCRs and MinION sequencing suitable for the simultaneous screening for 41 viral and five bacterial agents related to respiratory tract infections, including the human coronaviruses NL63, HKU1, OC43, 229E, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. RespiCoV was applied to 150 patient samples with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection and compared with specific real-time PCR. Additionally, several respiratory tract pathogens were identified in samples tested positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2. Finally, RespiCoV was experimentally compared to the commercial RespiFinder 2SMART multiplex screening assay (PathoFinder, The Netherlands).
An integrated analysis of the effects of maternal broccoli sprouts exposure on transcriptome and methylome in prevention of offspring mammary cancer
Authors: Arora Itika , Sharma Manvi , Li Shizhao , Crowley Michael , Crossman David K. , Li Yuanyuan , Tollefsbol Trygve O.
Published: March 2022

Broccoli sprouts (BSp), a cruciferous vegetable, has shown promising effects on prevention of many types of cancer including breast cancer (BC). BC has a developmental foundation, and maternal nutrition status may influence an offspring’s risk to BC later in life. What is less understood, however, is the influence of maternal nutrition intervention on reversing epigenomic abnormalities that are essential in BC programming during early development. Our research focused on how maternal exposure to BSp diet prevents offspring BC and investigation of possible epigenetic mechanisms during these processes. Our results showed that maternal feeding of BSp can prevent mammary tumor development in the offspring of a transgenic mouse model. Through comprehensive integrated multi-omics studies on transcriptomic and methylomic analysis, we identified numerous target genes exhibiting significantly differential gene expression and DNA methylation patterns in the offspring mammary tumor. We discovered that maternal exposure to BSp diet can induce both gene and methylation changes in several key genes such asAvpr2,Cyp4a12b,Dpp6,Gria2,Pcdh9andTspan11that are correlated with pivotal biological functions during carcinogenesis. In addition, we found an impact of maternal BSp treatment on DNA methyltransferase and histone deacetylases activity. Our study provides knowledgeable information regarding how maternal BSp diet influences key tumor-related gene expression and the epigenetic changes using a genome-wide perspective. Additionally, these findings provide mechanistic insights into the effectiveness of maternal BSp administration on the prevention of BC in the offspring later in life, which may lead to an early-life BC chemopreventive strategy that benefits the progenies’ long-term health.
Adjusting the neuron to astrocyte ratio with cytostatics in hippocampal cell cultures from postnatal rats: A comparison of cytarabino furanoside (AraC) and 5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine (FUdR)
Authors: Lesslich Heiko M. , Klapal Lars , Wilke Justus , Haak Annika , Dietzel Irmgard D.
Published: March 2022

Cell culture studies offer the unique possibility to investigate the influence of pharmacological treatments with quantified dosages applied for defined time durations on survival, morphological maturation, protein expression and function as well as the mutual interaction of various cell types. Cultures obtained from postnatal rat brain contain a substantial number of glial cells that further proliferate with time in culture leading to an overgrowth of neurons with glia, especially astrocytes and microglia. A well-established method to decrease glial proliferation in vitro is to apply low concentrations of cytosine arabinoside (AraC). While AraC primarily effects dividing cells, it has been reported repeatedly that it is also neurotoxic, which is the reason why most protocols limit its application to concentrations of up to 5 μM for a duration of 24 h. Here, we investigated 5-fluoro-2’-deoxyuridine (FUdR) as a possible substitute for AraC. We applied concentrations of both cytostatics ranging from 4 μM to 75 μM and compared cell composition and cell viability in cultures prepared from 0-2- and 3-4-day old rat pups. Using FUdR as proliferation inhibitor, higher ratios of neurons to glia cells were obtained with a maximal neuron to astrocyte ratio of up to 10:1, which could not be obtained using AraC in postnatal cultures. Patch-clamp recordings revealed no difference in the amplitudes of voltage-gated Na+ currents in neurons treated with FUdR compared with untreated control cells suggesting replacement of AraC by FUdR as glia proliferation inhibitor if highly neuron-enriched postnatal cultures are desired.
Over the weekend: Water stagnation and contaminant exceedances in a green office building
Authors: Montagnino Elizabeth , Proctor Caitlin R. , Ra Kyungyeon , Ley Christian , Noh Yoorae , Vigil Katie , Aw Tiong Gim , Dasika Sruthi , Whelton Andrew J.
Published: March 2022

The role of water stagnation (~60 hours) in a 2-story commercial office building on building water quality was studied (January to February 2020) for three weekends. Chemical and biological parameters including pH, total chlorine, metals concentrations,Legionellaspp. and total cell count were analyzed to understand the differences in water quality at the building entry point, and at eleven fixtures within the building’s copper plumbing. Consistently, the total chlorine concentration decreased over the weekend (p< 0.05), was greatest at the building entry point (maximum 0.8 mg/L), and was lowest within the plumbing (maximum 0.28 mg/L). As expected, total cell count levels were much greater on Monday compared to Friday (p< 0.05) at every sampling point.Legionellaspp. was found to be highest at the fixture with no use recorded during sampling. Throughout the building, copper and lead levels increased over the weekend (p< 0.05). Copper exceedances above the federal health-based drinking water limit (1.3 mg/L) were localized to four fixtures, branched from the same riser, that shared a pattern of variable use. Flushing was conducted at one location with consistent copper exceedances but 54 minutes were required to reach the public water supply. Flushing was not a viable copper remediation method as it would need to be repeated every 19 hours or require discarding more than 50 gallons before use. No prior water testing was conducted in the buildings’ life. The results suggest that water quality varies significantly over the week. This has implications for water testing plans and interpretation of data collected from buildings.
Concepção de gramática e de ensino de gramática nas obras de Neves
Authors: Ferreira Ediene Pena , Silva Thaiza Oliveira da
Published: March 2022

Este trabalho, fruto de uma pesquisa para dissertação de mestrado e abrigado nos estudos de um grupo de pesquisa e estudos linguísticos no Pará, objetivou analisar a mais recente gramática da linguista Maria Helena de Moura Neves, “A Gramática do Português Revelada em Textos” (GPRT), publicada em 2018, a fim de verificar qual a concepção de gramática e de ensino de gramática que emerge da referida obra. A partir de pesquisa bibliográfica, constituída por cinco livros de Neves, foi feita a análise e o desenvolvimento de possíveis respostas a quatro perguntas norteadoras que constituem os objetivos específicos deste trabalho, a saber, que é gramática?; que é ensinar gramática?; para que ensinar gramática?; e como ensinar gramática?. Estas perguntas norteadoras constituem perguntas do subprojeto, desenvolvido, desde 2017, “Análise de gramáticas escritas por linguistas brasileiros”, abrigado dentro de um projeto mais amplo, “Língua, gramática e variação”. Assim, para a GPRT, gramática é um sistema adaptável e sensível às pressões do uso, por isso ajustáveis; e ensinar gramática é olhar a língua e as suas inter-relações de forma reflexiva. O ensino de gramática deve mostrar como a gramática organiza as relações, produz as significações e os efeitos pragmáticos dentro de um contexto. O ensino de gramática não deve se dissociar das vivências de linguagem: para refletir sobre a língua, deve-se levar em conta o contexto em que se produziu aquele texto.
eterna regularidad de los participios
Authors: Silvestre Llamas Miguel
Published: March 2022

Este trabajo revisa, a través de las formas verbales de participio, el fenómeno de la analogía como mecanismo interno de la lengua, cuyos resultados, muchas veces, preocupan a los hablantes. El estudio se enmarca en la relación entre la sociedad y medios de comunicación en la actualidad y en el siglo XIX en el tratamiento de aspectos sobre lengua, exactamente, los usos y formas de participio. Para ello, conformamos un corpus sincrónico de tweets en los que se plantean dudas a la cuenta de la RAE sobre este asunto y, paralelamente, otro corpus diacrónico, del que seleccionamos cuatro artículos de prensa decimonónica que se centran en la morfología y corrección de un nuevo verbo formado analógicamente de un participio: presupuestar. El estudio concluye con la importancia de las distintas plataformas para satisfacer las dudas de los usuarios de la lengua y evidencia el interés social que suscita el ítem gramatical que investigamos.
Reexaminando o prefixo nominal da classe 5 na língua ronga
Authors: Dimande Ernesto Mario , Chimbutane Feliciano
Published: March 2022

O presente artigo surge no contexto das divergências entre linguistas, quanto ao formato morfológico do prefixo nominal da classe 5 na língua ronga, uma língua da família bantu, integrada no grupo Tswa-Ronga (S50) e falada na zona Sul de Moçambique. Neste artigo, pretendemos aprofundar a discussão sobre o formato do prefixo nominal desta classe, com base em evidências empíricas. Assim, contrariamente a Quintão (1917), Nogueira (1960), Bachetti (2006), Sitoe, Mahumane & Langa (2008) e Ngunga (2014), que consideram que o prefixo nominal da classe 5 é dji- ou dri-, dados obtidos através de um questionário estruturado, administrado a 20 falantes nativos de diferentes variantes dialetais do ronga mostraram que o prefixo desta classe é li-. A ocorrência de nomes da classe 5 que exibem este prefixo em ronga é parte das principais evidências que usamos para legitimar esta tese. Para além deste aspeto, os dados analisados mostram também que o morfema dji- ou dri-, constitui apenas marca de concordância da classe 5, usada quando nomes desta classe co-ocorrem com os seus dependentes sintáticos, como determinantes, quantificadores, qualificadores e verbos.
conceitos de linguagem, de língua, de regra e de lei na Grammatica portugueza, de Júlio Ribeiro
Authors: Prete Mairus
Published: March 2022

A Grammatica portugueza, de Júlio Ribeiro, tem sido recorrente objeto de análise em trabalhos de diversos pesquisadores que se ocupam com a história da gramaticografia brasileira. Neste artigo, o intuito é investigar como os conceitos de linguagem, língua, regra e leis são estabelecidos pelo referido gramático na segunda edição de sua obra, publicada em 1885. O objetivo específico da investigação é comprovar que o estabelecimento desses quatro conceitos ocorre por meio de diferentes pressupostos teóricos que cooperam entre si, catalisados pela finalidade instrumental que o gramático atribui para sua obra. Com as investigações, constatamos que o processo de integração de diferentes pressupostos teóricos caracteriza o estabelecimento dos referidos conceitos, como supúnhamos. Comprovamos que o conceito de linguagem presume a boa manifestação do pensamento, de forma que agrade a outrem, e o conceito de regra engloba as balizas necessárias para essa boa manifestação do pensamento. Observamos também que o conceito de língua supõe que esta funcione do mesmo modo como às espécies orgânicas, pois se submetem à seleção e à luta pela sobrevivência, e são governadas por leis que podem ser descritas por meio da comparação de diferentes estados da língua. Concluímos, por fim, que a Grammatica portugueza possui finalidade de levar a seus leitores, de forma sistematizada, as regras que sistematizam o bom uso da linguagem, notadas em pessoas instruídas dotadas da capacidade de fazer esse bom uso, e as leis que governam o funcionamento evolutivo da língua portuguesa, apreendidas na comparação entre diferentes estados da língua.
O lugar da política de ação afirmativa na construção de um novo regime de representação negro-africano no Brasil
Authors: Silvério Valter Roberto
Published: March 2022

O processo de implementação das ações afirmativas no Brasil coincide com a democratização da sociedade, por meio de ações reivindicativas continuas dos movimentos sociais organizados, com a expansão e ampliação de reflexões que se orientam pelas teses dos estudos subalternos, pós-coloniais, culturais e diaspóricos com uma perceptível transformação na forma como o pais se auto representa provocando profundas dissonâncias na maneira como distintos segmentos e setores (comunicação, educação) conservam ou atualizam sua visão e leitura sobre o país. O ensaio considera a educação superior o lugar onde tem se dado as disputas em torno de um novo regime de representação que incorpore a experiência e lutas negro-africanas em direção a uma nova comunidade imaginada.
Da desigualdade à democratização do acesso à Universidade: políticas públicas e educacionais no Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Tatiane Cosentino , Santos Fernanda Vieira da Silva , Cruz Ana Cristina Juvenal da
Published: March 2022

O acesso ao ensino superior no Brasil, historicamente, só foi aberto para um grupo de elite e, portanto, tornado inacessível para a maioria da Juventude. Este cenário pode ser explicado pelo poder da elite escravocrata que marcou a formação da sociedade brasileira, assim como a implementação tardia de programas de ensino superior que, por sua vez, visavam quase exclusivamente a educação de membros dessa elite. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar dados em uma perspectiva de macro análise, os avanços e limites do processo dessa democratização do ensino superior no Brasil a partir das políticas de expansão e ação afirmativa adotadas na virada do século XX para o início do século XXI. Os dados aqui reunidos resultam de dois projetos nacionais de pesquisa, o primeiro coordenado pela Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) denominado “Ações Afirmativas: Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão na perspectiva da educação das relações étnico-raciais” financiado pelo Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) no período de 2015 a 2017 e o segundo denominado “Ações Afirmativas no Ensino Superior: continuidade acadêmica e mundo do trabalho” financiado pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC) e coordenado pelo Programa de Ações Afirmativas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). Concluímos que talvez o desafio mais importante deste momento, diz respeito às ameaças que pairam sobre a própria continuidade das Políticas de Ações Afirmativas em âmbito nacional. Estamos em meio ao processo de revisão para 2022 de avaliação nacional desta política.
Deliberating Marriage Payment through Jujuran within Banjarese Community
Authors: Hafidzi Anwar
Published: March 2022

Abstract: In the Banjarese culture of marriage, besides dowry, jujuran is also paid by the man to the woman in a certain amount of money under the request of the women’s family. Many researchers have discussed dowry, but only a few have revealed the reality of jujuran as a sign of marriage. This study was conducted with a phenomenological approach as part of a qualitative approach. The study aims to understand and describe a phenomenon about the subjects’ experiences regarding the Banjar community's marriage system, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The research argued that the Banjarese use jujuran as a sign of a marriage agreement. It also asserts that although jujuran aims to improve their children's economic standard when married, it reveals that this system determines who has the right to propose to their daughters. The paper also maintains that the local practice of jujuran payment has, to some extent, violated the rights of the women to their choice in marriage, mainly when the prospective grooms are unable to pay the jujuran. Abstrak: Dalam budaya perkawinan Banjar, selain mas kawin, jujuran juga dibayarkan oleh laki-laki kepada perempuan dalam jumlah tertentu atas permintaan keluarga perempuan. Banyak peneliti telah membahas tentang mahar, namun hanya sedikit yang mengungkap realitas jujuran sebagai tanda pernikahan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan fenomenologi sebagai bagian dari pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan fenomena sistem perkawinan di masyarakat Banjar, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang Banjar menggunakan jujuran sebagai tanda akad nikah. Hal ini juga menegaskan bahwa meski tujuan jujuran adalah untuk meningkatkan taraf ekonomi anak-anak mereka ketika mereka menikah, tetapi sistem ini dapat menentukan siapa yang berhak melamar anak perempuannya. Penelitian ini juga menyatakan bahwa praktik pembayaran jujuran setempat sampai batas tertentu telah melanggar hak perempuan atas pilihan mereka dalam pernikahan, terutama ketika calon pengantin pria tidak mampu membayar jujuran.
Personal Values and Personalities: Positive Organizational Perspective on Political Skill of Indonesian Civil Apparatus (A Study in State Civil Apparatus in Indonesia)
Authors: Setyorini Theresia Dewi , Agustiani Hendriati , Sulastiana Marina , Abidin Zainal
Published: March 2022

This study examines the role of personal values and personality in shaping important behaviors in the world of work. In the perspective of positive psychology, personal values and personality play a role in how people behave and make decisions. In this case, political skill is studied in a positive perspective as an important factor that affects the world of work, mainly in bureaucratic organizations. This study is a quantitative research using data collection scale. Three scales are used, namely Political Skill Inventory, Portrait of Personal Values, and Big Five Inventory. The research subjects were 406 State Civil Apparatus. The results of the study prove that the hypotheses which state that personal values and personalities are positively correlated with political skill are accepted. The conclusion shows that openness to change, as well as positive personality types are correlated with political skill. Meanwhile, neuroticism has a negative correlation with political skill. Thus, it can be concluded that a positive personality background and the value of openness affect a one’s political skill. A person who has positive personal and personality values has better political skill.Keywords: personal values, personality, political skill Studi ini meneliti peran personal values dan kepribadian dalam membentuk perilaku yang penting dalam dunia kerja. Berangkat dari sudut pandang psikologi positif, nilai personal dan kepribadian berperan terhadap bagaimana seseorang bersikap, berperilaku, dan mengambil keputusan. Dalam hal ini political skill dikaji dalam perspektif positif sebagai faktor penting yang berpengaruh dalam dunia kerja secara khusus di organisasi birokrasi. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang pengumpulan datanya menggunakan skala.  Tiga skala digunakan yaitu Political Skill Inventory, Portrait of Personal Values, dan Big Five Inventory.  Subjek penelitian adalah Aparatur Sipil Negara yang berjumlah 406. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa hipotesis yang menyatakan personal values dan kepribadian berkorelasi positif dengan political skill dinyatakan diterima. Kesimpulan menunjukkan bahwa openness to change, serta tipe kepribadian positif  berkorelasi dengan political skill. Sedangkan neuroticism berkorelasi negative dengan political skill. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa latar belakang kepribadian yang positif dan nilai keterbukaan mempengaruhi political skill seseorang. Seseorang yang memiliki nilai-nilai pribadi dan kepribadian positif  memiliki political skill yang lebih baikKata kunci.: nilai-nilai pribadi, kepribadian, keterampilan politik
FATHER’S ROLE IN PARENTING: A CASE STUDY FROM GAY STUDENT PERCEPTION
Authors: Saefudin Wahyu , Lisnawati Lisnawati , Sriwiyanti Sriwiyanti
Published: March 2022

Despite reaping the pros and cons of the community, the presence of gay students continues to increase. This study aims to see how the role of fathers in parenting and education from the perception of gay students. The method used is qualitative with a case study approach, with analysis using coding techniques. The subjects of this study were two students who claimed to be gay. Based on the results of the analysis of the two participants, it shows that fathers have a minor role in parenting and education. The father's role is decreased because the work location is far away. The interaction of the participants becomes dominant with the mother and older sister. The mother figure becomes the only role model who sets an example, disciplines, controls, and monitors. The dominance of the mother's role made both participants more comfortable communicating with the mother than the father. The lack of father involvement in parenting and education makes the chosen activities, role models, and role replication depend on the mother figure and older sister. The condition of the lack of paternal care and the dominant role of the mother strengthen the risk of gender identity perplexing that occurs in gay students.Keywords: Gay Student, Parenting, Fatherless, Gender IdentityMeskipun menuai pro dan kontra dari masyarakat, keberadaan mahasiswa gay terus meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana peran ayah dalam pengasuhan dan pendidikan dari persepsi mahasiswa gay. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, dengan analisis menggunakan teknik koding. Subjek penelitian ini adalah dua orang mahasiswa yang mengaku sebagai gay. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kedua partisipan, menunjukkan bahwa ayah mempunyai peran yang kurang dalam pengasuhan dan pendidikan. Peran ayah menjadi berkurang karena lokasi kerja yang jauh, sehingga interaksi partisipan menjadi dominan dengan ibu dan kakak perempuan. Figur ibu menjadi satu-satunya role model yang memberi contoh, mendisiplinkan, mengontrol, dan memantau. Dominasi peran ibu membuat kedua partisipan lebih nyaman untuk berkomunikasi dengan ibu dibandingkan ayah. Kurangnya keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan dan pendidikan menjadikan aktivitas yang dipilih, teladan, hingga replikasi peran bergantung pada sosok ibu serta kakak perempuan. Kondisi kurangnya pengasuhan ayah dan dominannya peran ibu memperkuat risiko kebingungan identitas gender yang terjadi pada mahasiswa gay.Kata kunci: Mahasiswa Gay, Pengasuhan, Peran Ayah, Identitas Gender
Trastornos del neurodesarrollo y su relación con la ingesta de gluten
Authors: Luque Rojas María Jesús
Published: March 2022

Existen evidencias acerca de la relación entre la microbiota intestinal-cerebro y su habilidad para influir o estar implicada en manifestaciones a nivel psicológico, cognitivo, en respuestas sociales, emocionales y conductuales.

Los trastornos del neurodesarrollo se caracterizan por la dificultad en la adquisición de capacidades, de asimilación de habilidades o respuestas. Con este artículo se pretende aportar información a la identificación de una relación directa entre la respuesta intestinal y la dieta reducida en gluten con una mejora a nivel comportamental.
Nannerl, la hermana de Mozart
Authors: Pereira Domínguez Carmen , Touriñán Morandeira Laura
Published: March 2022

Anne-Marie Mozart —Nannerl es el apodo afectivo familiar— fue hermana mayor del afamado compositor Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Ella también tuvo prodigiosas dotes musicales: cantaba, tocaba el violín y el piano y componía. Sin embargo, las convenciones socioculturales de la época, arraigadas en la mentalidad del patriarca de la familia, el director de orquesta y violinista Leopold Mozart, propiciaron que Nannerl quedase poco a poco a la sombra de su hermano y que se viese obligada a renunciar a su sueño de una carrera dedicada a la música, pues este no era destino apropiado para una dama de su posición social.

La familia viajó regularmente por las cortes europeas luciendo el talento de sus dos portentosos hijos, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart y Anne-Marie Mozart, en busca de mecenazgo.

Nannerl conocerá en Versalles al delfín de Francia y heredero del rey Luis XIV, quien queda prendado de su talento y belleza, y la anima a perseguir su sueño.

Esta película, además, aborda en su trasfondo un problema de género existente en la Historia de la Música y que se refleja en la invisibilidad de la mujer-músico fuera del ámbito doméstico.
De la mano es más fácil aprender a caminar
Authors: Ruiz Delgado Milagrosa
Published: March 2022

Padres y maestros recorriendo diferentes caminos, afrontando diferentes obstáculos, pero con una misma meta que alcanzar. ¿Quién no quiere subirse al podio? Cuando se trata de niños con necesidades educativas específicas tenemos, además, que llevarlos si es necesario andando de la mano hasta la meta, la cual no es otra que ser adultos independientes y autónomos. Y realmente ese triunfo es el mejor que vamos a alcanzar como educadores.
Teaching Techniques to Facilitate Time Management in Remote and Online Teaching
Authors: Heath Sarah , Shine Beau
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a host of personal and professional complications for faculty across academia, as well as the students they teach.  While the severity of these complications vary at the individual level and look different for everyone, one area COVID-19 has presented enormous challenges in academia is time management.  Both faculty and students have been forced to adjust their schedules due to consequences of the pandemic (this includes school and university closures, employment issues, and even the virus itself). Such changes create major challenges for both groups, particularly those converting traditional daytime face-to-face courses into online and hybrid formats.  This paper offers three specific techniques to facilitate time management: asynchronous teaching, chunking, and micro-learning.  Research findings have led to the support for each of these techniques.  The authors explain how each technique facilitates time management via remote and online teaching, and make suggestions about each technique in their own courses to contextualize their usage.  Recommendations are also noted, with the goal of enabling faculty to preserve one of their and their students’ resources during and after a pandemic: time.
The Bioeconomy and the Birth of a “New Anthropology”
Authors: Andersson Ruben
Published: March 2022

This concluding reflection of the Colloquy considers how the bioeconomy, as an analytical lens, may cast light on processes of colonization beyond the territorial frame of spatial domination, settlement, and exploitation. Examining the power to colonize with special reference to the politics and policing of migration, it shows how certain migrants have come to serve as a laboratory in the quest to extract value from life itself—which itself links back to historical colonizations. What we may call a “new anthropology” is taking shape at the confluence of algorithms of artificial intelligence, mechanisms of finance and surveillance, and the multipolar geopolitical world emerging amid the Western project’s demise. Understanding the new frontiers of value extraction of this piecemeal yet powerful (quasi) science of humankind constitutes a crucial analytical task for us “old anthropologists,” and the bioeconomy may serve as a tool in this endeavor.
Ontological Collateral: The Entanglement of “Cancer Pain” and “Chronic Non-Cancer Pain” in Thailand
Authors: Stonington Scott
Published: March 2022

Social scientists have long argued that medical objects (categories, bodily processes, and experiences) emerge in historically contingent ways. Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Thailand, I describe a special case of this: ontological collateral, the emergence of one medical object due to its entanglement with another. “Cancer pain” recently became a widely accepted category in Thailand to permit the administration of opioid pain medications for cancer patients dying at home. But the category has proven porous, leading many to claim that they now must treat “chronic non-cancer pain” with opioids as well. Others characterize chronic pain as a Western invention, claiming that recognizing it will harm Thai bodies and minds. The result has been an anti-ontological choreography, a dance of becoming and resistance based on a collective understanding that categories, bodies, and experiences are so intertwined that they risk cascading into one another.
Para Saudagar Batik dan Pengembangan Muhammadiyah Cabang Garut, 1919-1940
Authors: Rusliana Iu , Selamet Sopaat Rahmat , Daryadi Yudi
Published: March 2022

The development of Muhammadiyah in West Java has been so far considered lagging behind, even though historical records show that the development of Muhammadiyah in West Java, especially in Garut in 1923, was included in the early period of its establishment. It is related to the role of batik merchants in Garut, including H. M. Djamhari who has been a catalyst in the development of Muhammadiyiah since 1919. Studies on the role of the early generations of batik traders in Garut, show a historical disconnect. Therefore, this study aims to reveal the role of batik merchants in the establishment and development of Muhammadiyah in  Garut, 1919-1940. By using the historical method which emphasizes on primary and secondary sources, especially in the form of archives, publications, and interviews, this study succeeded in showing that the important contribution of batik merchants in the establishement of Muhammadiyah in Garut and  appointed it as the center for the Muhammadiyah establishment in West Java. They built educational charities and developed other branches in Priangan (Tasikmalaya, Kuningan, Bandung and Sukabumi) as well as West Java. The merchants at that time were an elite group who had respectable social positions, so they could establish good relations with many parties for business, political and da'wah interests. Through this social role, batik merchants in Garut easily communicated with priyayi groups, religious leaders, and political figures at that time.
Human health risk assessment and distribution of VOCs in a chemical site, Weinan, China
Authors: Li Yan , Yan Bo
Published: March 2022

The study assessed the volatile organic compound (VOC) pollution characteristics in a chemical site in Weinan, China. The results indicated that chloroform, benzene, trichloroethylene, 1,2-dichloroethane, ethylbenzene, 1,2-dichloropropane, and 1,2,3-Trichloropropane exceeded the soil standard limit for soil contamination of development land (GB36600, PRC). Using pollution index, ambient severity, and correlation coefficient revealed industrial production and relocation activities as sources of VOCs contamination in the site. The carcinogenic risk assessed by human exposure to site VOCs through ingestion, respiration, exposure, etc., exceeded the potentially acceptable level (1.0 × 10−6). 1,2,3-trichloropropane has the highest carcinogenic risk across all pathways, regions, and populations. The long-term exposure and emission of VOCs in the investigated sites could likely pose an adverse health risk to site staff and the surrounding sensitive groups. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out strict investigation and evaluation of the site, and timely repair and control to protect the water, soil, and air environment and to avoid the long-term cumulative exposure risk to human health caused by VOCs emission.
Multilayer Archimedean spiral antenna design for dual-band intra-arm implantable biotelemetric smart health care monitoring system covering MICS and ISM bands
Authors: Ucar Mustafa Hikmet Bilgehan , Uras Erdem
Published: March 2022

In this paper, a novel multilayer microstrip implant antenna (MIA) design based on the Archimedean spiral (AS) radiator element is presented for dual-band biotelemetric health care monitoring system. The proposed AS-MIA design has a layered structure consists of the spiral antenna elements and superstrate, namely layer

#1
, layer

#2
and layer

#3
, respectively. While achieving the dual-band multi-layer implantable antenna design, firstly, each of the radiating elements in the respective layers is designed to cover separately in the desired bands, that is, layer#1 and layer#2 operate in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical 2.4–2.48 GHz) and MICS (Medical Implant Communication Services 402–405 MHz) bands, respectively. Subsequently the ultimate multilayered AS-MIA design is formed by combining the individually designed layers. The compact implantable antenna has a dimension of r = 5 mm radius and h = 3.81 mm height, owning the electrically size of 0.067 λ
0 and h = 0.051 λ
0, respectively, where λ
0 is free space wavelength at 402 MHz in MICS band. Since the AS-MIA is intended to be used in an intra-arm smart health system, the simulated radiation performances of the antenna in a created numerical arm phantom are presented in the article. Also note that numerical analysis of the implant antenna was carried out using CST MW studio simulator based on finite integral method. The prototype of the implantable antenna was fabricated using Rogers 3210 substrate with electrical permittivity of ε

r
 = 10.2. In-vitro return loss measurements were realized in skin mimicking gels, suggested in the literature. It was observed that in vitro measurement and simulation results were quite compatible with each other, except for some discrepancies due to the manufacturing and material tolerances during the preparation of the prototype antenna and skin mimicking gels. The proposed AS-MIA offers a dual-band operation with 15 and 16% S
11 bandwidth at each band of 402 MHz and 2.4 GHz respectively where |S
11| ≤ 10 dB criterion along with 50-Ω system is considered. Also the proposed design can be a good candidate to be used in dual-band medical implant communication systems with its miniature size and reasonable radiation characteristics.
WeChat 2.0. Überlegungen zum kommunikativen Potenzial der Applikation angesichts aktueller Tendenzen von Messenger-Kommunikation
Authors: Szurawitzki Michael
Published: March 2022

Im Beitrag werden Überlegungen zum kommunikativen Potenzial der chinesischen Messaging-Applikation WeChat angesichts aktueller Tendenzen von Messenger-Kommunikation angestellt. Es werden die wesentlichen funktionalen Änderungen/Ergänzungen gegenüber der ersten Beschreibung im germanistisch-linguistischen Kontext (Szurawitzki 2019b) in den Blick genommen. Nach der Einführung folgt ein Abschnitt zum Forschungsstand, in dem sich auf einschlägige Arbeiten zu WeChat fokussiert wird. In Ergänzung von Szurawitzki (2019b) werden nachfolgend Bemerkungen zu neueren Funktionalitäten von WeChat getätigt, die so bisher in der Germanistischen Linguistik noch nicht beschrieben worden sind, aber mit Blick auf die Fragestellung und das kommunikative Potenzial der Applikation Beachtung finden (müssen). Im Anschluss daran plädiere ich für terminologische Neuerungen im Bereich der Erforschung von Chat- und Messengerkommunikation, da die sich ändernde mediale Umgebung mit noch mehr multimodalen Möglichkeiten existierende Termini zwar nicht obsolet macht, diese Termini aber meines Erachtens die kommunikativen Konstellationen in ihrer Komplexität nicht mehr abdecken. Auf der Basis des bis dahin Gesagten schließt der Beitrag mit einem Abschnitt ab, in dem die Zukunft von WeChat und Messengerkommunikation vor dem Hintergrund von Trends anderer populärer Applikationen wie z. B. Discord, das ursprünglich ein Tool für Gamer:innen war, auch interkulturell reflektiert wird.
Transdisciplinary research methods and complexity theory in applied linguistics: introduction to the special issue
Authors: Hiver Phil , Al-Hoorie Ali H.
Published: March 2022

Complexity theory/dynamic systems theory (CDST) has captured the imagination of many in the field of applied linguistics (Larsen-Freeman, Diane & Lynne Cameron. 2008.Complex systems and applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press; Ortega, Lourdes & Zhao Hong Han (eds.). 2017.Complexity theory and language development: In celebration of Diane Larsen-Freeman. Amsterdam: John Benjamins). As recent syntheses of the growing number of CDST-informed strands of applied linguistics research illustrates, it has emerged as an important influence on applied linguists’ thinking (see Larsen-Freeman, Diane. 2017. Complexity theory: The lessons continue. In Lourdes Ortega & Zhao Hong Han (eds.),Complexity theory and language development: In celebration of Diane Larsen-Freeman, 11–50. Amsterdam: John Benjamins). The fact that CDST has continued to permeate questions throughout the field is to be expected and welcomed.