bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Versachlichung gesetzgeberischer Entscheidungen durch Folgenanalysen? Eine vergleichende Untersuchung zu Reforminhalten und -ergebnissen in Deutschland und Schweden
Authors: Veit Sylvia
Published: February 2022

Der Aufsatz setzt sich vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Reformbemühungen um eine „bessere Rechtsetzung“ in Deutschland und Schweden mit der Frage nach Potentialen und Restriktionen der Stärkung von Sachargumenten im Rechtsetzungsprozess auseinander. Auf Basis einer Inhaltsanalyse von mehr als 300 Gesetzesentwürfen aus den Jahren 2006 und 2007 wird überprüft, inwieweit die Gesetzesfolgenabschätzung (GFA) und das Standardkosten-Modell (SKM) als die zentralen politischen Reforminstrumente der letzten Jahre in beiden Ländern implementiert worden sind. Es wird nachgewiesen, dass die formale Anpassung an Vorgaben zur Folgenanalyse in Deutschland höher ist als in Schweden, während deren tatsächliche Erfüllung im Sinne einer fundierten Darstellung von Gesetzesfolgen im Rahmen der Regierungsvorlagen in Schweden wesentlich stärker ausgeprägt ist als in Deutschland. Im Vergleich der beiden Länderstudien wird deutlich, dass die Integration von Folgenanalysen in den Gesetzgebungsprozess in hohem Maße von kulturellen und strukturellen Eigenschaften der nationalen Rechtsetzungssysteme sowie von Fragen der organisatorischen Institutionalisierung abhängt.
Weshalb Bürokratieabbau auf Dauer erfolglos ist, und was man trotzdem tun kann
Authors: Dose Nicolai
Published: February 2022

Bürokratieabbau wird in Deutschland bereits seit mehreren Jahrzehnten betrieben, ohne jedoch nachhaltige Wirkung zu entfalten. Hierauf verweisen die wiederkehrenden und sogar noch intensivierten Bemühungen um eine Entbürokratisierung. In dem Beitrag wird nach der Verdeutlichung dieser Ausgangslage zwei Fragen nachgegangen: Erstens, worauf ist die Unentrinnbarkeit von Bürokratie zurückzuführen und zweitens, was kann trotzdem getan werden, um die Wirkungen von Bürokratie zu mildern. Die Antwort auf die erste Frage verweist auf vielfältige Einflussfaktoren. Hier spielen sowohl die Interessen der beteiligten Akteure (Regierungen, Ministerialbeamte und Lobbyisten), aber auch und insbesondere institutionelle Vorgaben wie das rechtsstaatliche Struk-turprinzip eine herausgehobene Rolle. Während sich bürokratische Strukturen nicht grundsätzlich vermeiden lassen, gibt es Möglichkeiten, sie weniger spürbar zu machen, womit dann die zweite Frage angesprochen ist. Leitlinie sollte dabei sein, die Binnendifferenzierung von Recht und Verwaltung dem Bürger gegenüber nicht wirksam werden zu lassen. Vielmehr ist die öffentliche Verwaltung so zu organisieren, dass die gegebene Komplexität dem Bürger gegenüber abgebaut wird.
Die Rückgewinnung staatlicher Handlungsfähigkeit. Staatsverschuldung und Haushaltskonsolidierung im internationalen Vergleich
Authors: Wagschal Uwe , Wenzelburger Georg
Published: February 2022

Während der vergangenen Jahrzehnte ist es einigen westlichen Industriestaaten gelungen, ihre öffentlichen Haushalte zu sanieren. In anderen Ländern wächst die Staatsverschuldung indes weiterhin an. Die Erklärung dieser Varianz in der Konsolidierungsperformanz steht im Zentrum dieses Beitrags. Dabei werden ausgehend von theoretischen Überlegungen unterschiedliche Faktoren identifiziert, die Budgetkonsolidierungen beeinflussen. Die statistischen Analysen zeigen, dass insbesondere die ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen darüber entscheiden, ob eine Budgetsanierung erfolgt. Darüber hinaus beeinflussen die zeitliche Terminierung und die Zusammensetzung der Haushaltskonsolidierung die Performanz. Politische und institutionelle Faktoren erweisen sich hingegen als nicht erklärungskräftig. Neben der Analyse der Determinanten von Konsolidierungen gibt der Beitrag zudem einen Einblick in die Ausgestaltung der Budgetsanierungen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Konsolidierungsprofile zwischen den Staaten durchaus variieren. Zudem wird deutlich, dass erfolgreiche Konsoliderer neben Ausgabensenkungen auch institutionelle Reformen unternommen haben, um die Budgetdisziplin zu verbessern.
Die historische Entwicklung kommunaler Aufgaben
Authors: Seckelmann Margrit
Published: February 2022

In den aktuellen Debatten um eine bestmögliche organisatorische Verfasstheit der Kommunen („Local Governance“) wird mit einem historisch gewachsenen (Kern-)Bestand kommunaler Aufgaben argumentiert. Doch diese lassen sich schwer materiell oder gegenstandsbezogen definieren, vielmehr wirken sowohl die institutionellen wie auch die technischen oder sozialen Rahmenbedingungen auf sie ein (wobei sich die Freiheitsräume zwischen den freiwilligen und pflichtigen Selbstverwaltungsaufgaben sowie den übertragenen Aufgaben unterscheiden). Das historische Argument birgt daher die Gefahr eines Fehlschluss vom Sein auf das Sollen. Eine historische Analyse kann aber auch aufklärend wirken. Sie ergibt, dass viele der kommunalen Aufgaben, die heute als „historisch gewachsen“ betrachtet werden, erst um 1900 zu solchen wurden. Anhand einiger historischer „Momentaufnahmen“ ergibt sich, dass auch im 19. Jahrhundert durchaus zwischen der Verantwortungszuordnung und der Bewirkungsform unterschieden wurde, oder – modern gesprochen – zwischen Gewährleistungs- und Erfüllungsverantwortung. Da aber auch jenseits historischer Argumente Sachgesichtspunkte für eine kommunale Aufgabenbewirkung sprechen können, ist die Frage nach Verantwortung und Erfüllung bei jeder Aufgabe innerhalb der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen und in der jeweiligen Zeit neu zu prüfen.
Reform der Mittelbehörden. Rahmenbedingungen und Parameter zur Durchsetzung einer radikalen Strukturreform.
Authors: Reiners Markus
Published: February 2022

In vielen Bundesländern wird heute wieder über eine Reform der Regierungspräsidien und Bezirksregierungen nachgedacht. Die Mittelbehörden geraten zunehmend unter Druck, weil vielfach eine Mittelinstanz eines neuen Typs gefordert wird. Diese soll eine verstärkt horizontale Bündelungsfunktion übernehmen und von vertikalen Kontrollfunktionen und Genehmigungsverfahren entlastet werden. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den jüngsten Mittelstufenreformen der vier „alten“ Bundesländer Bayern (BY), Baden-Württemberg (BW), Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) und Niedersachsen (NdS). Hierbei ist von zentralem Interesse, welche wesentlichen Faktoren einen radikalen - d.h. einen umfassenden und zügig angelegten - Strukturwandel befördern und welche Parameter einem solchen entgegenstehen.
The fiscal impact of decentralisation: Evidence from Danish local governments
Authors: Pallesen Thomas
Published: February 2022

The influence of sub-national political entities is constitutionally sheltered in federalist states. However, decentralisation of political power from central to local government has also gained foothold in unitary states, notably in the Scandinavian countries. In Scandinavia, Denmark stands out as the most decentralised country, probably even more so than most federalist states. The article addresses the fiscal consequences of this decentralisation. On the one hand, fiscal federalist theory expects decentralisation to lead to less local spending. On the other hand, mainstream decentralisation theory as well as classic economic theory predicts that this is not necessarily so: it depends on the preferences of the local population. Thus, if there are pro spending voter attitudes, decentralisation is likely to increase local spending. The evidence from Danish local governments supports the latter interpretation of the merits of decentralisation. Local governments are not more fiscally prudent than central government, but their spending patterns are much more in line with voter than central policy maker preferences.
Circulating Endocannabinoids in Huntington’s Disease: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Manzke Pedro , Crippa José Alexandre de Souza , Marchioni Camila , Queiroz Maria Eugênia Costa , Brito Manuelina C.M. , Pimentel Angela V. , Bosaipo Nayanne B. , Foss Maria Paula , Tumas Vitor
Published: February 2022

Huntington’s disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor, cognitive and behavioral deficits. Some evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system participates in the pathophysiology of HD. We conducted a cross-sectional study comparing plasma levels of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol in manifest HD gene-expansion carriers (HDGEC) and healthy controls, finding no difference in endocannabinoid levels between the groups. Correlations between endocannabinoid levels and clinical scales (Mini-Mental State Examination, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Unified Huntington Disease Rating Scale) were non-significant. We found a significant association between body mass index and anandamide levels in healthy controls but not in HDGEC.
A Provably Secure Identity Based Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol with Multiple PKG Compatibility for Inter-Vehicular Ad hoc Networks
Authors: Daniel Renu Mary , Thomas Anitha
Published: February 2022

Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) facilitate the timely dissemination of road traffic information, including early warnings related to road conditions, weather updates, traffic congestion and collisions. The information exchanged in VANETs is crucial for maintaining uninterrupted traffic flow, minimizing road mishaps, expediting emergency services and analyzing potential detours in case of congestion. In order to ensure the legitimacy of the interchanged messages and to preserve confidentiality, it is essential to establish secure authenticated channels among the communicating automotive nodes. Considering the highly dynamic nature of VANETs and the diversity of the participating vehicular nodes, Identity based Authenticated Key Agreement (ID-AKA) protocol in the multiple Private Key Generator (PKG) setting, is an ideal cryptographic technique for securing inter-vehicular communications. We cryptanalyze the existing pairing-free multiple PKG compatible ID-AKA (mPKG-ID-AKA) protocol designed for securing VANETs and prove that the protocol lacks weak Perfect Forward Secrecy (wPFS). Our investigations also reveal that previous attempts to model mPKG-ID-AKA protocols are computation-intensive and provide weaker security guarantees. To this end, we propose an efficient eCK secure mPKG-ID-AKA protocol based on the gap Diffie-Hellman assumption. Experimental analysis suggests that the proposed protocol attains the highest computation efficiency, when compared to the existing mPKG-ID-AKA schemes and is therefore highly suitable for securing inter-vehicular communications.
A Novel Implementation of Energy-Based Homogenization Method
Authors: Xu Shuzhi , Li Xinming , Rong Yiming , Ma Yongsheng
Published: February 2022

This paper develops a novel implementation of energy-based homogenization method, which has rigorous mathematical foundation of the homogenization method, and also efficiently and accurately predict the mechanical performance of composite materials. The feature extraction, domain discretization and periodic boundary condition application are carried out automatically in this method. Besides, this model remains a fairly small scale and it could be directly embedded into structure optimization algorithms. The numerical calculation could be easily implemented with a commercial computer aided engineering (CAE) software and the integration algorithm was realized by the third-party language. This article explains the scheme of the CAE/CAD integration in homogenization method and the theoretical model of the energy-based homogenization for cellular solid element and shell element. Furthermore, two examples for cellular solid and stiffened plate, and its implementation in cellular material design are presented to illustrate the verification of the proposed method.
Goal and Feature Model Optimization for the Design and Self-Adaptation of Socio-Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Anda Amal Ahmed , Amyot Daniel
Published: February 2022

Socio-cyber-physical systems (SCPSs) are cyber-physical systems with social concerns. Many emerging SCPSs, often qualified as “smart”, need such concerns to be addressed not only at design time but also at runtime, often by adapting dynamically to surrounding contexts, to keep providing optimal value to users. A comprehensive requirements and design modeling approach is needed to incorporate social concerns (e.g., using goal modeling) into SCPS development activities. This paper introduces an optimization method that provides design-time and runtime solutions for self-adaptive SCPSs while supporting the validation of their design models. The method helps satisfying the goals of the SCPS and its stakeholders by monitoring the system’s environment and qualities, while enforcing correctness constraints specified in a feature model. We integrate arithmetic functions generated automatically from goal and feature models to build a combined goal-feature model and synchronize the values of the features shared between i) the objective function represented by goal functions, and ii) the constraints represented by feature functions. The goal-feature model is solved by an optimization tool (IBM CPLEX) in order to calculate optimal adaptation solutions for common situations at design time. Runtime optimization is also used by the system for adapting to situations unanticipated during design. We use a Smart Home Management System case study to assess how well the method can be used to manage selection among alternatives according to monitored environmental conditions while solving emergent conflicts. Further experiments on the use of the method for runtime adaptation show good performance for realistic models and good scalability overall. Some remaining challenges and limitations exist, including the availability of quantitative models as inputs.
Performance Comparison of Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm Combined with A* Search for Solving Facility Layout Problem
Authors: Besbes Mariem , Zolghadri Marc , Costa Affonso Roberta , Masmoudi Faouzi , Haddar Mohamed
Published: February 2022

Optimization metaheuristics have become necessary due to the growing demand for better and more realistic designs. This paper proposes a metaheuristic-based approach for solving design problems in a reasonable time while browsing large spaces of solutions. The objective of this article is to compare the performance of two methods Genetic Algorithm GA and Particle swarm optimization PSO, combined with A* algorithm, in solving a constrained facility layout problem. The two chosen metaheuristics have been successfully applied in many search problems. We consider their speed and performance. The performance of the obtained solutions is measured in terms of the total distance traveled by products in the workshop. In order to determine the shortest path in a realistic way between workstations in a given irregular area (with aisle structure, or material storage areas, lunchrooms and offices), the A* algorithm was integrated with them. The comparison therefore concerns  and . GA and PSO algorithms generate configurations for which the shortest path for any couple of machines is identified through the A* search algorithm taking into account of obstacles. The mathematical model used and the parameters of the genetic algorithm are those developed in (Besbes et al. 2019). The numerical results show the feasibility and effectiveness of both approaches. Our results demonstrate that GA yields a better solution than Particle Swarm Optimization in total distance travelled while PSO is faster.
State-Constraint Transition: A Language for the Formal Specification of Dynamic Cyber-System Requirements
Authors: Salinesi Camille , Achtaich Asmaa , Souissi Nissrine , Mazo Raúl , Roudies Ounsa , Villota Angela
Published: February 2022

Existing formal languages for the specification of self-adaptive cyber-physical systems focus on re-configuring the system-to-be depending on its current context, to satisfy the user’s requirements, that is by dynamically composing the software’s structure and behavior. While these approaches specify context-sensitive requirements, they rarely consider their run-time dynamic and scalable nature. The State-Constraint Transition (SCT) modeling language, introduced in this paper, provides an answer to the problems linked to the specification of dynamic requirements by introducing the concept of configuration states, in which requirements are translated into constraints. The expressiveness of existing approaches is thus extended, combining the ease of use of well-established notations, notably those based on characteristics, and those based on Finite-state Machines (FSM), with the computational power and expressiveness of the constraint programming approach. The paper briefly presents the results of the preliminary evaluation, which assesses the expressiveness, scalability, and domain independence of the SCT language.
An Open Label Exploratory Clinical Trial Evaluating Safety and Tolerability of Once-Weekly Prednisone in Becker and Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Zelikovich Aaron S. , Joslin Benjamin C. , Casey Patricia , McNally Elizabeth M. , Ajroud-Driss Senda
Published: February 2022

Background: Glucocorticoid steroids are standard of care in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) to slow disease course. Use of glucocorticoids in other muscular dystrophies, including Becker (BMD) and Limb Girdle (LGMD), has been less explored. Recently, preclinical studies conducted in DMD and LGMD mouse models showed once-weekly prednisone was associated with improved muscle performance without activation of muscle atrophy genes. Objective: To determine safety and tolerability of once-weekly prednisone in patients with LGMD and BMD. Methods: We conducted an open label, exploratory single center study of of once-weekly prednisone at 0.75–1 mg/Kg in LGMD (n = 19) and BMD (n = 1) (mean age 35, range 18–60). The LGMD participants represented multiple different LGMD subtypes, and the study included ambulatory and non-ambulatory participants. Participants were assessed at baseline and 24 weeks for vital signs, blood biomarkers, and for patient-reported side effects. As secondary endpoints, functional muscle testing and body composition were measured. Results: Over the 24-week study, there were no significant changes in blood pressure, HgbA1C, or lipid profiles. We observed a reduction in serum creatine kinase over the study interval. Whole body DEXA scanning suggested a possible increase in lean mass and a reduction in adiposity. Functional measures suggested trends in improved muscle performance. Conclusions: In this single center, open label pilot study, once-weekly prednisone was safe and well tolerated. Additional investigation of once-weekly prednisone in a larger cohort and for a longer period of time is warranted.
BITNIS – Bridging the Information Gap Before the Web
Authors: Cid Victor
Published: February 2022

Before the modern internet and World Wide Web drastically simplified our access to scientific information, accessing the authoritative information of the National Library of Medicine (NLM) from outside the U.S. was for many very difficult. Compared to the totality of people with access to computers globally at the time, only a privileged group of biomedical researchers and practitioners could afford this access. The NLM was making great contributions developing products and collaborations to reduce the information gap for many underserved communities. This article describes a remarkable initiative started from the other end, underserved information users creating a solution to help the international community reach the NLM resources. Donald A.B. Lindberg M.D., the NLM Director and health informatics pioneer, believed in letting users guide the NLM down its path of service. The BITNIS project is a successful example of his leadership philosophy at a turning point in health informatics history.
Medicines manufactured in pharmacies: features of validation of analytical methods and tests (Prior to the introduction of the monograph section of the SPU)
Authors: Євтіфєєва О. А. , Георгіянц В. А.
Published: February 2022

In most foreign countries, compounding medicines preparation are an important element of the pharmaceutical sector, the formulation of which is being distributed and developed taking into account the needs of today. Legal regulation of the circulation of these drugs is subject to the general requirements of the National Pharmacopoeia and the EuPh to SPhU but is carried out taking into account the characteristics of compounding medicines preparation: individual purpose, formulation, manufacture, quality control and implementation.
In Ukraine, SPhU has monographs on various categories of compounding medicines preparation. But today there are some issues to ensure the quality control of compounding medicines preparation, which need to be consistent with the general requirements for medicines.
The purpose of this work is to generalize the previously defined approaches and evaluate the results of their use in experimental studies on the development and validation of methods for quality control of compounding medicines preparation; substantiation and development of a fragment of the general monograph «Compounding medicines preparation» of SPhU.
As a result of a critical analysis of the general requirements for validation of analysis methods and specifics of compounding medicines preparation, a standardized validation procedure was developed. When forming the tolerances of the content of individual ingredients in pharmaceutical dosage forms, the SPhU approach was chosen, that is the tolerances of the content at the level of ± 5%, ± 10%, ± 15% were chosen.
Approbation of the standardized procedure for validation of methods for the quantitative determination of API in drugs manufactured in pharmacies was carried out on a significant number of names of about 50 compounding medicines preparation using spectrophotometric, photocolorimetric, refractometric and titrimetric methods of analysis. Studies have been conducted for different categories of drugs: concentrate solutions, semi-finished products, drugs made in stock, drugs made from finished drugs.
The proposed standardized procedure for validation of analytical methods allows controlling of the quality of compounding medicines preparation in accordance with the requirements of the SPhU and avoids excessive costs.
Based on the statistical analysis of experimental data, a draft part of the general monograph on compounding medicines preparation was formed: validation of analytical methods and tests.
Az egyetemek jelene és jövőképe
Authors: Szendrő Péter
Published: February 2022

Jelen tanulmány szerzője hat évtizede egyetemi katedrán álló és fél évszázada a magyar felsőoktatás és a  tehetséggondozás szervezésében, irányításában részt vevő, sok tapasztalattal rendelkező szakember, aki az egyetemi  jelen- és jövőkép szerteágazó témakörének egy-egy  kiragadott fókuszát elemzi munkájában. A szerző a hazai  felsőoktatás rendszerének különböző képzési módjait  elemezve mutatja be a hatékony és minőségi felsőoktatást  eredményező módszereket, továbbá a felsőoktatás- igazgatás aktualitását is érinti az alapítványi működési  modell vizsgálatán keresztül. Zárásként pedig a felsőoktatás  jövőjével kapcsolatban fogalmazza meg  premisszáit.
ANALISIS SENTIMEN ULASAN PADA WISATA DIENG DENGAN ALGORITMA K-NEAREST NEIGHBOR (K-NN)
Authors: Sibyan Hidayatus , Hasanah Nur
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan identifikasi dan klasifikasi ulasan pengunjung wisata dieng melalui analisis sentimen. Dengan adanya analisis sentimen ini diharapkan bisa bermanfaat untuk pengelola wisata sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam melakukan perbaikan atas kekurangan pada tempat wisata yang dikelola. Serta bisa bermanfaat bagi para wisatawan sebelum memutuskan untuk berkunjung ke destinasi wisata tanpa harus membaca ulasan satu per satu. Metode K-Nearest Neighbor digunakan untuk melakukan klasifikasi data sentimen pada wisata dieng. Klasifikasi data dibagi ke dalam sentimen positif, negatif.

Penelitian ini menghasilkan sebuah sistem analisis sentimen yang dapat mengidentifikasikan dan mengklasifikasi ulasan pengunjung wisata dieng dengan menggunakan algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN) dengan hasil dari pengujian akurasi sebesar 86%.
Quantificação de flavonoides totais da Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. cultivada de forma hidropônica na região oeste do Paraná
Authors: Lobo Viviane da Silva , Malikosky Monique , Lopes Andrey , Gonçalves Adson Ruan , Aguiar Caroline Mariane , Rosa Mauricio Ferrreira da
Published: February 2022

A hortaliça Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav., popularmente conhecida como rúcula, apresenta vários benefícios à saúde tais como, atividades anti-inflamatórias e antioxidantes em organismos vivos, por apresentar em sua composição proteínas, vitaminas A e C, sais minerais e flavonoides. Os flavonoides têm recebido muita atenção nos últimos anos devido aos vários efeitos benéficos, como auxiliador no controle de processos anti-inflamatórios. O trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar flavonoides totais da rúcula produzida de forma hidropônica na região oeste do Paraná, utilizando agitação mecânica por Shaker a 170 rpm, com diferentes tempos (12, 24, 36 e 48 h) e temperaturas (25°C e 55°C), além de, também, considerar o tempo de cultivo da planta (7, 14 e 21 dias). O material vegetal fresco foi cortado e utilizou-se 5 g das folhas da hortaliça, com a umidade de 92%, a 100 mL de solvente (metanol e água). Após a obtenção dos extratos, realizou-se a leitura dos flavonoides totais no espectrofotômetro UV-Vis em comprimento de onda 440 nm, em comparação com a curva padrão de quercetina. Para os testes realizados, o resultado mais satisfatório foi obtido com metanol (MeOH) 80%, no tempo de extração de 12 h a 55°C, utilizando a planta cultivada por 7 dias.
Prediction of unit operation of vacuum distillate catalytic cracking using a non-stationary mathematical model
Authors:   National research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Ivashkina Е. N. , Nazarova G. Y. ,   National research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Ivanchina E. D. ,   National research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Vorobyev А. М. ,   University of Southampton, Antonov А. V. ,   National research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Kaliev Т. А. ,   National research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Burumbaeva G. R. ,   LLP «Pavlodar Petrochemical Plant», Pavladar, Mezhova М. Y. ,   National research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk
Published: February 2022

This work presents the development of catalytic cracking mathematical model which is based on the thermodynamic and kinetic patterns of hydrocarbon conversions and takes into account the catalyst deactivation. This model provides a prediction of the catalytic cracking performance when the mixture of vacuum distillate from heavy Kazakhstan and West Siberian oils converts. The mathematical model helps predict the yield and composition of products depending on the feedstock properties and the operating variables of the riser. We develop practical recommendations to organize the riser technological mode to ensure the maximum yield of gasoline (52.6-56.1 wt.%), PPF and BBF (8.3-11.2 and 15.2-20.1 wt.%) when saturated and resinous feedstock converts.
Алгоритм морфофункциональной диагностики зубочелюстной системы пациентов с аномалиями окклюзии в сочетании с заболеваниями височно-нижнечелюстного сустава
Authors: Текучева С.В. , Персин Л.С. , Афанасьева Я.И. , Постников М.А. , Попова И.В. , Постникова Е.М.
Published: February 2022

Цель исследования. Разработать и на клиническом примере продемонстрировать алгоритм морфофункциональной диагностики зубочелюстной системы пациента с гнатической формой мезиальной окклюзии в сочетании с внутренними нарушениями височно-нижнечелюстных суставов (ВНЧС).
Объекты и методы исследования. Представлен клинический пример обследования пациента с гнатической формой мезиальной окклюзии, ассоциированной с заболеваниями височно-нижнечелюстных суставов (ВНЧС), с применением разработанного алгоритма, включающего клинические, антропометрические, лучевые, функциональные, ультразвуковые методы исследования и МРТ.
Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. Описан и апробирован алгоритм комплексной диагностики зубочелюстной системы на примере пациента с гнатической формой мезиальной окклюзии, осложненной внутренними нарушениями ВНЧС, в результате применения которого был поставлен основной диагноз и определен порядок проведения лечебных мероприятий, включающий окклюзионно-стабилизирующую терапию с последующим комбинированным ортодонто-хирургическим лечением.
Заключение. Предлагаемый нами комплексный подход к диагностике зубочелюстной системы пациентов с аномалиями окклюзии в сочетании с внутренними нарушениями ВНЧС с использованием современных методов позволяет систематизировать получаемые в ходе обследования данные для постановки окончательного диагноза, составления обоснованного плана лечения, объективной оценки динамики показателей в процессе лечения и после его завершения.
Semantic and Stylistic Problems Encountered in Translating Qur'anic Digression “Iltifât” into English: A Contrastive Linguistic Study
Authors: Alhaj Ali Albashir Mohammed , Abdelkarim Majda Babiker Ahmed , Ali Dina Ali Abdalla , Alian Eman Mahmoud Ibrahim
Published: February 2022

This research paper aims to explore the digression ''Iltifât'' as one of the effective rhetorical devices used generally in the language of the Holy Quran. The purposive sample of the study was selected randomly from Qur’anic verses containing Iltifāt or digression and their renditions by three translators, namely, Abdel Haleem, Khan Hilali, and Pickthall. The study's findings revealed that the translations of the three translators adopted several translation strategies such as literal translation, couplet translation to render the Qur'anic digression, or shifting (Iltifat) expressions into English. Moreover, the study also indicated that both literal translation and couplet translation are not always adequate for translating the Qur’anic digression or shifting (Iltifat) expressions because they have not successfully maintained the meaning of the Qur’anic Arabic digression ''Iltifât'' (ST) into the Qur’anic digression ''Iltifât'' English version (TT).
COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT THROUGH THE MANUFACTURING OF LOCAL MICROORGANISMS FROM BANANA COMB WASTE AS A DECOMPOSER FOR PRODUCING LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZERS
Authors: Harmawan Tisna , Amna Ulil , Rahmawati
Published: February 2022

This Community Service Program aims to empower the community through the utilization of banana weevil waste in Matang Panyang Village, East Langsa. Based on the analysis of the situation in the village, there are many banana plants, both on vacant land and in resident’s house. The nature of the banana tree that only lasts for one harvest and then will be cut for plant the new one will of course be a problem for surrounding environment because so far the banana weevil has only been thrown away and cannot be used, so that it only becomes as a waste. This condition became the basis for the this program to carry out community service to utilize banana weevil waste to produce the liquid organic fertilizer. The partner in this program is resident of Desa Matang Panyang, who will be trained in making local microorganism from banana weevil waste as decomposers of liquid organic fertilizer.This program will be carried out in several stages: preparation, socialization, field practice, and monitoring. This program is expected to produce a productive and independent community as an effort to empower the community by utilizing surrounding waste. The expected output of this program is the existence of an independent community effort in innovating the use of banana weevil waste as a decomposer for making liquid organic fertilizer which can be used directly in improving the quality of the community's agriculture.
İHVÂN-I SAFÂ’NIN FELSEFÎ PARADİGMASINDAN HADİS EDEBİYATINA -ZEYD B. RİFÂA ve KIRK HADİS SEÇKİSİ-
Authors: YERKAZAN Hasan
Published: February 2022

İhvân-ı Safâ; dinî, felsefî, siyasî ve ilmî amaçlarla hicrî dördüncü yüzyılda Basra’da kurulmuş bir ekoldür. Bu grubun öncüleri kozmoloji, psikoloji, metafizik, astronomi, matematik vs. gibi alanlarda çalışarak toplam elli iki risâleden oluşan ve Resâʾilü İhvâni’s-Safâ olarak isimlendirilen ansiklopedik bir eser kaleme almışlardır. Zeyd b. Rifâa da bu topluluğun önemli şahsiyetlerinden biri kabul edilmektedir. Bu makalede öncelikle Zeyd b. Rifâa’nın hayatı ve hadis tarihindeki yeri incelenmiştir. Akabinde ona nispet edilen kırk hadis mecmuasının mevsukiyeti, râvileri, şerhleri, hadislerin kaynağı, sıhhati ve içeriği tetkik edilmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde felsefe ile iştigal eden bir zatın ve naklettiği kırk hadisin hadisçiler nezdindeki değeri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Anaesthesia for thyroidectomy at the Niamey National Hospital
Authors: MS Chaibou , R Labo Madougou , H Daddy , MN Dodo Siddo , M Nanzir Sanoussi , M Gagara , L James Didier , H Younssa , S Sanoussi , R Sani
Published: February 2022

Objectives: To describe anesthesiological management of thyroidectomy at Niamey National Hospital. Method: This was a prospective study conducted from, January 1st to June 30th 2018. Were been included all patients who underwent an anesthesiological procedure with a complete record for a thyroidectomy at the National Hospital of Niamey. The following variables were studied: age, sex, comorbidity, ASA class Status, Mallampati class, operative indication, anesthesia technique, anesthetic protocol, intraoperative anesthetic incidents and accidents, duration of surgery, duration of anesthesia, duration in resuscitation room, postoperative follow-up. The data were analyzed by the software Word 2013 and Epi Info 3.5.4. Results: The series included 33 patients, 28 women (84.84%) and 5 men (15.16%). The average age was 42 years ± 8.3 with extremes of 24 years to 78 years. The operative indications were dominated by multinodular goiter with 42.42%; the Mallampati 1 class was predominant with 51.51% of cases; the ASA 2 class status represent 54.54% of cases; difficult intubation involved 18.20% of patients. General anesthesia was the only technique used in all our patients. Hypotension was the major perioperative incident for 6 of 7 patients involved. Total thyroidectomy was the most performed procedure in 72.72% of patients. Postoperative analgesia was provided by paracetamol, NSAIDs, tramadol and nefopam with a predominance of paracetamol+tramadol combination in 66.60% of cases. The average duration of the surgery was 80 minutes with extremes of 36 minutes to 120 minutes. The operative follow-ups were simple in 97% of cases with a zero-mortality rate. The average hospital stay was 7 days with extremes of 3 days to 14 days. Conclusion: Thyroidectomy under general anesthesia is a well-understood procedure today in our context, but it is necessary to train teams in the practice of locoregional anesthesia adapted to our environment.
Mental status and Physical Activity during COVID 19 Pandemic Confinement: A Study on Adult Kuwaiti
Authors: Al-Haifi Ahmad R. , Bataineh Mo'ath F. , Al-Nawaiseh Ali M. , Bumaryoum Nayef Y. , Ashkanani Rasha H. , Kilani Hashem A.
Published: February 2022

Background: Due to the novel COVID 19 pandemic and its associated social distancing and confinement procedures, the lifestyle of the individuals and their daily routine were affected and hence, their health. This study aims to find if physical activity level of the Kuwaiti adults during COVID 19 pandemic confinement have an influence on their mental status. Moreover, this study is investigating whether there are significant differences in the lifestyle behaviors, health and mental status attributed to the gender variable. Methods: in this study, a self-reported across-sectional survey was distributed online on a sample of (357) Kuwaiti adults. The demographic data were collected through a self-completed DCI. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated from self-reported weight (kg) and height (cm). Mental status was assessed by WHO-5 and the Physical Activity (PA) level was assessed using IPAQ. The variables were presented in the form of means, frequencies and percentages. One –way Chi-square test was used to compare between the groups and Chi-Square test for categorical variables. Moreover, the relationships between physical activity and mental status were examined using Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The results of this study revealed on a low level of physical activity (62.5%), excellent health status (79.3%), weak sleep quality (68.9%) and good mental status (64.4%). The results showed also that the previous variables are different according to the gender variable. Conclusion: This study found that there is a significant relationship between the mental status and the level of daily physical activity, and it was found that the mental status scores better the higher the level of physical activity.
Caracterização hidrológica de uma bacia hidrográfica urbana no Ceará utilizando Sistema de Informações Geográficas – SIG
Authors: Barboza Eliezio Nascimento , Silva Valdemir Fonseca da , Marques Agílio Tomaz , Santos Suzana Araujo dos , Silva Matheus Matos Ferreira , Maia Adryele Gomes , Vieira Francisco Igor Dalles da Mata
Published: February 2022

O processo de impermeabilização nas cidades tem causado elevado escoamento superficial e, consequentemente, causando cheias pela inexistência e/ou precariedade dos sistemas de drenagem. Sendo assim, esta pesquisa objetiva realizar um estudo acerca do escoamento superficial em uma microbacia urbana no município de Barro. Para a delimitação da bacia utilizou-se de um MDE proveniente da imagem SRTM, obtida pelo projeto TOPODATA. Para a delimitação da bacia, elaboração dos mapas de curvas de nível, rede de drenagem e mapa de declividade. Verificou-se que a região apresenta problemas de drenagem em época chuvosa, porém, a bacia apresenta pouca tendência a enchentes. Mostrando que o problema ocasionado na região em estudo, não vem por meio da caracterização da microbacia e sim pela ausência de um sistema de drenagem no local, fazendo com que toda água precipitada sobre a microbacia escoe de forma superficial.
Wetlands in Brazil: classification, floristic composition and biological Nitrogen fixation
Authors: Terra Ana Beatriz Carvalho , Florentino Ligiane Aparecida , Landgraf Paulo Roberto
Published: February 2022

Wetland ecosystems represent about 20% of South America, and are classified according to the flood regime, which also influences on vegetation. Despite the value of ecosystem services provided by this environment, those areas are close to eradication in several parts of Brazil. These environments are extremely fragile. Flooded areas are subject to nitrogen losses (N) by leaching, becoming dependent on the N increases from biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). However, little is known about this process on wetlands. Understanding the adaptative strategies of these microorganisms and plants is essential for the maintenance and preservation of these ecosystems. The objective of this work is to present a literature review discussing aspects of floristic composition, biological nitrogen fixation, and morphophysiological adaptations that occur in the rhizobium-leguminous system in wetlands. For the bibliographic survey, articles and other academic works relevant to the topic were selected, in order to enrich the proposed discussion.
Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana to Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in laboratory conditions
Authors: Loureiro Elisângela de Souza , Busarello Giovana Daniela , Pessoa Luis Gustavo Amorim , Uchoa-Fernandes Manoel Araecio , Amaral Tatiana Souza do , Pessoa Marcelo Bruno
Published: February 2022

This research, under laboratory condition, evaluated the efficiency of different strains of entomopatogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana to control leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa. Soldiers and workers were inoculated with suspensions containing 1.0x107, 1.0x108, 1.0x109 and 1.0x1010 con mL-1 and maintained in B.O.D, at 25±1°C, 70% RH and 12 hours of photophase, without food. The mortality was evaluated daily, with 15 days after inoculation. Experimental design was entirely random. The sporulation data were submitted to the analysis of variance and the LT50 values (in days) were obtained through the Probit analysis. All strains of B. bassiana were pathogenic, being workers more susceptible than soldiers. The strains IBCB 21 and IBCB 07 caused high percentages of confirmed mortality showing potential for use in the control of A. sexdens rubropilosa. Strain IBCB 21 was more virulent for workers, whereas isolated IBCB 07 was more virulent for soldiers. Both isolates presented no significant difference among tested concentrations.
Análise da síndrome da dor patelofemoral em indivíduos do sexo feminino praticantes de crossfit: estudo transversal
Authors: Silva Flávia Carolina Lasalvia da , Carvalho Karla Rafaelle Silfrônio Oliveira de , Valentim Matheus Pereira , Menezes Renato Bryan de Souza , Aguiar Roberta França de , Morais José Rennan William Figueiredo , Silva Renata Alves Calixto da , Nascimento Amanda Fonseca do , Sales Filho Antônio Miguel de , Nóbrega Júnior Joaci do Valle , Laurindo Ingrid Larissa da Silva , Alves Pietro Arthur da Silva , Cruz Karolyne Figueira da , Gomes Vanessa Maria da Silva Alves , Lapa Vanessa Silva
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: Avaliar a funcionalidade e sintomatologia do joelho em relação à Síndrome da dor patelofemoral em mulheres praticantes da atividade CrossFit. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal por conveniência não probabilístico. Através de um questionário online, foram realizadas um total de 32 perguntas pertinentes ao assunto abordado. As perguntas estavam voltadas à anatomia das mulheres e relacionadas à dor durante exercícios diversos e em suas atividades de vida diária. Resultado: No resultado, pode-se observar que as mulheres com o IMC elevado apresentam mais dores na região patelar quando comparadas às demais. Os exercícios praticados no CrossFit causam e/ou agravam essa lesão, pois, além do sobrepeso, ainda existe o levantamento de peso excessivo. As práticas de agachamento, salto e corridas com pesos, sobrecarregam ainda mais as articulações, aumentando o quadro álgico da região. O agravamento das lesões interfere nas AVD’s das mulheres, tornando atividades simples como caminhar, sentar, levantar, agachar altamente dolorosas.
O mecanismo de ação da Cannabis sativa L. enquanto indutora do sono e suas consequências neuropsicológicas - uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Silva Laura Moreira , Lacerda Isadora de Jesus Mariano , Swiech Juliane Nadal Dias
Published: February 2022

Alterações nos padrões normais de sono, quando comprometem o desempenho do indivíduo, em esfera comportamental e/ou social, recebem a nomenclatura de “distúrbios” ou “transtornos” do sono e mostram-se, muitas vezes, preditoras da procura por substâncias paliativas, capazes de atenuar, a curto prazo, os sintomas da condição. A Cannabis sativa L. apresenta alto consumo mundial no tratamento de diversas patologias, sendo utilizada, com ou sem supervisão médica, inclusive, com o intuito de minimizar a manifestação dos sintomas da insônia. Esta revisão bibliográfica buscou delimitar o mecanismo de ação da C. sativa no sono e expor as vantagens e desvantagens – principalmente, neuropsicológicas – de seu uso enquanto substância indutora do sono. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica realizada através de buscas pelos descritores “Cannabis e fisiologia do sono (sleep physiology/ fisiología del sueño)/ fitoterapia (phytotherapy/ fitoterapía)/ insônia (insomnia/ insomnio)/ mecanismo de ação (mechanism of action/ mecanismo de acción)/ transtornos psicológicos (psychological disorders/ desórdenes psicológicos)”, nas bases de dados SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Library Online), PuBMeD, ResearchGate e Science Direct, foram selecionados 49 artigos científicos, que fundamentaram o presente trabalho. Constatou-se que os efeitos benéficos da C. sativa no sono limitam-se a usuários em seu primeiro episódio de uso, visto que há o desenvolvimento de tolerância ao THC (Δ9-tetrahidrocanabinol). Além disso, há a possibilidade de agravo ou desencadeamento de novas patologias, sobretudo, quando a C. sativa é administrada através do fumo, que, pela combustão, libera toxinas prejudiciais à saúde. Desta forma, a vaporização surge como via de administração a ser explorada, por apresentar menores riscos e maiores benefícios aos sujeitos.
Prospecção cientifica e tecnológica de produtos funcionais a base de patê de pescado
Authors: Silva Bruna Vieira , Cardoso Lucas Guimarães , Ferreira Mariza Alves , Mafra Jéssica Ferreira , Evangelista-Barreto Norma Suely
Published: February 2022

O presente estudo teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento de informações tecnológicas e científicas relacionadas a produção de patê de peixe funcional. As buscas foram realizadas em documentos de patentes disponíveis no Banco de dados Espacenet, utilizando as palavras-chave pâté AND fish AND A23L17/00. O maior número de documentos depositados foi observado no ano de 2003, sendo a Rússia a maior depositante com 29,3% de documentos. Desse total os inventores independentes foram requerentes em 47% dos depósitos. Entre os documentos analisados, 39,65% tratam do processo de produção do produto, 34,48% de tecnologias e 25,86% de produtos. Dentre os artigos revisados, 60% dos patês foram bem aceitos entre os provadores, com índice de aceitação superior a 70%. O estudo de prospecção cientifica e tecnológica agrega contribuições importantes para a ciência, principalmente, para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos na área de alimentos. Dessa forma, a partir dos documentos de patentes selecionados foi possível constatar a ausência de detentores de patentes no Brasil acerca do tema analisado demonstrando que o país necessita de maiores investimentos na pesquisa científica, apesar de serem observados a publicação de artigos científicos sobre o tema, podendo este ser uma oportunidade para o desenvolvimento de inovação para o setor de alimentos provenientes do pescado.
O desenvolvimento urbano de Juiz de Fora/MG e suas possíveis conexões ambientais
Authors: Almeida Karla Carvalho de , Simão Karina Machado de Castro
Published: February 2022

Juiz de Fora, em Minas Gerais, desenvolveu importante papel no trânsito de minerais preciosos entre Ouro Preto e Rio de Janeiro durante o século XVIII. Esse trajeto determinou o princípio da cidade e o seu desenvolvimento, sendo guiados pelas margens do Rio Paraibuna, que perpassa por toda a sua extensão urbana e, atualmente, se encontra altamente poluído e vem perdendo seu significado histórico e de lazer perante a população. Qual o papel do rio no desenvolvimento da cidade e a sua importância diante dos moradores? O objetivo do trabalho consiste em analisar a evolução da ocupação da cidade e a função do rio na memória social local. Os objetivos específicos se dão pela proposta projetual de intervenção como resposta à problemática apresentada. Como metodologia, foi implementada pesquisa documental acerca do desenvolvimento urbano de Juiz de Fora, com embasamento na Escola Inglesa de Morfologia Urbana de Conzen (1998); e posteriores propostas de intervenção ambiental no trecho estudado. Os resultados consistem na descrição do processo de ocupação urbana no recorte de estudo, e na proposta de implementação de corredor ecológico ao longo do trajeto do rio como forma de resgate da historicidade e de ressignificação. O trabalho ressalta a importância do eixo Paraibuna no recorte de estudo como vetor de desenvolvimento urbano da cidade e seu potencial ecológico e de lazer para a população.