bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Review of Obstetrical Outcomes and Complications in Pregnant Women after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Haseeb Yasmeen A.
Published: March 2020

Bariatric surgery (BS) is a novel treatment for weight reduction with longer lasting health benefits. This review aimed to summarise the available evidence regarding the fetomaternal outcomes and the most common challenges and complications in pregnancies following BS. Google Scholar (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, USA) and PubMed® (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA) databases were searched for articles published until December 2018. A total of 64 articles were included in this review and results showed that BS mitigates the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and fetal macrosomia. However, it can also have detrimental effects on fetomaternal health. There is paucity of data regarding small for gestational age intrauterine growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes and longterm effects on the children born to women who underwent BS.Keywords: Bariatric Surgery; Nutritional Deficiencies; Obesity; Pregnancy; Surgical Injuries.
The Effect of Change in Posture on Spirometry in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome
Authors: Al Lawati Redha , Al Abri Mohammed A. , Kuppuswamy Balaji , Al-Kharousi Amira , Al-Atbi Al Yaqdhan , Rizvi Syed , Dikshit Mohan
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is a growing health concern as it is associated with serious comorbidities. OSAS is mainly related to obesity, age, gender and a narrowed upper airway is commonly seen in patients with OSAS. This study aimed to compare spirometry parameters between obese OSAS patients and non-obese OSAS patients when patients moved from sitting to supine. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between December 2009 and December 2010. Patients with severe OSAS and who were OSAS treatment naïve were recruited. Spirometry was performed in all patients in sitting and supine positions to assess forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 50%, FEF 25–75%, maximum forced inspiratory flow and expiratory reserve volume. The mean difference in spirometry parameters between patients in sitting and supine positions was calculated. Results: A total of 27 OSAS patients (19 males and 8 females) were included in this study. There was a significant difference in FEV1/FVC in obese and non-obese patients when changing position (P = 0.03). In addition, there was a significant change between male and female patients’ FVC percentages (P <0.05). Male patients with OSAS had reduced FVC compared to females. There was no significant difference in the remaining spirometry parameters with patients’ change of position. Conclusion: A supine position may cause lower airway obstruction in obese patients with OSAS. The reduced FVC in males possibly contributes to the high prevalence of OSAS in men compared to women.Keywords: Obstructive Sleep Apnea; Obesity; Gender; Spirometry; Posture; Oman.
Serum Iron Status of Children with Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Itiola Adejumoke Y. , Animasahun Barakat A. , Njokanma Olisamedua F.
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) predisposes patients to iron deficiency due to compensatory secondary erythrocytosis. This study aimed to determine the serum iron status and prevalence of iron deficiency among children with cyanotic congenital heart disease attending the Paediatric Cardiology outpatient clinic of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This cross-sectional casecontrol study took place between May and October 2015 at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. A total of 75 children with cyanotic congenital heart disease and 75 apparently healthy age-, gender- and socioeconomicallymatched controls were analysed to determine serum iron status and the prevalence of iron deficiency as defined by the World Health Organization criteria. Results: The mean age of the children was 47.5 ± 2.9 months (range: 6–144 months old). Iron deficiency was significantly more frequent among CCHD patients compared to control subjects (9.3% versus 0%; P = 0.006). While latent iron deficiency was more prevalent among children in the control group compared to those with CCHD, this difference was not statistically significant (13.3% versus 9.3%; P = 0.303). No cases of iron deficiency anaemia were observed in the studied sample. Conclusion: Neither the children in the control group nor those with CCHD had iron deficiency anaemia. However, iron deficiency was significantly more prevalent among children with CCHD in Lagos. Periodic serum iron status screening is therefore recommended for this population.Keywords: Congenital Heart Defects; Cyanosis; Iron Deficiency Anemia; Children; Case-Control Studies; Nigeria.
Transition of Care in Paediatric Surgery: Current practices and perspectives of paediatric surgeons in Malaysia
Authors: Tan Shung K. , Sanmugam Anand , Danaee Mahmoud , Ramanujam Tindivanam M. , Nallusamy Mohan A. , Zahari Zakaria , Rao Thambidorai R.
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Transition of care (TOC) from paediatric to adult care is still at an early stage in Malaysia. This study aimed to explore current practices and perspectives regarding TOC among paediatric surgeons in Malaysia. Methods: This study was carried out between June and December 2017. All 48 paediatric surgeons currently working in Malaysia were invited to participate in a questionnaire-based survey to assess demographic characteristics and practices and perspectives regarding TOC. Results: A total of 38 paediatric surgeons participated in the survey (response rate: 79.2%). Overall, 97.4% did not have an organised TOC model in their institution, with most (65.8%) caring for paediatric patients with complex surgical conditions until adulthood. Although the majority (86.8%) felt that care should be transitioned to adult surgeons with appropriate credentials, most surgeons (84.2%) nevertheless preferred to be involved in the management of adolescent patients after transition. However, there was no consensus regarding the most suitable age to begin the transition. Years of experience as a paediatric surgeon and place of practice did not affect overall TOC practice scores (P >0.050 each). The presence of adult comorbidities was considered the most common reason to initiate TOC (81.6%), while the lack of TOC guidelines was perceived to be the greatest barrier (84.2%). Conclusion: This study provides a better understanding of TOC from the point of view of paediatric surgeons in Malaysia. However, further studies involving other stakeholders (i.e. patients and adult surgeons) are needed to help formulate a suitable and successful TOC model in this setting.Keywords: Transition to Adult Care; Pediatrics; Adolescents; Surgery; Attitudes; Professional Practice; Malaysia.
Maxillary Artery Pseudoaneurysm as a Complication of Maxillofacial Injuries: Report of three cases and literature review
Authors: Al-Saadi Noor J. , Bakathir Abdulaziz , Al-Mashaikhi Ali , Al-Hashmi Ahmed , Al-Habsi Ahmed , Al-Azri Faisal
Published: March 2020

Traumatic maxillary artery pseudoaneurysm is an uncommonly reported complication in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. It is usually discovered incidentally, either early after trauma or weeks-to-months later. Quick recognition and prompt management are essential to avoid devastating consequences. In this paper, we report three uncommon cases of maxillary artery pseudoaneurysm recognised during the surgical management of maxillofacial injuries in Muscat, Oman. All cases presented as sudden brisk bleeding during the intraoperative surgical repair and were subsequently diagnosed and successfully managed by endovascular embolisation with platinum coils. This case report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of maxillary artery pseudoaneurysm, in addition to a brief review of the literature.Keywords: Maxillofacial Injuries; Maxillary Artery; Pseudoaneurysm; Mandibular Condyle; Angiography; Therapeutic Embolization; Case Report; Oman.
A Case of Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema caused by Amoxicillin
Authors: Cancela-Díez Bárbara , López-Delgado David , Aneiros-Fernandez José , Ruiz-Villaverde Ricardo
Published: March 2020

We report a 50-year-old male patient who presented to the Dermatological Outpatient Clinic at the Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain, in 2017 with symmetrical inguinal eruption and eruption on the dorsum of both feet four hours after the intake of amoxicillin. Physical examination showed confluent non-palpable purpuric macules covering the dorsum of both feet and medial malleolus, giving rise to dusky erythema in some areas. Only oral antihistamines were prescribed and cutaneous exanthema resolved within three weeks. Symmetric drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE) is a sub-type of systemic allergic contact dermatitis, where previous sensitisation can only be demonstrated in up to 50% of patients by skin patch testing. Therefore, a provocation test was performed with amoxicillin without prior skin patch testing. As drug provocation produced the same reaction, the patient was diagnosed with SDRIFE. A parvovirus B19 infection was ruled out by negative serology. SDRIFE is challenging to distinguish from other skin rashes with similar features and distribution; it is important to be aware of these characteristics and their possible causes.Keywords: Exanthema; Amoxicillin; Drug Allergy; Drug Eruption; Groin; Feet; Case Report; Spain.
Efficacy and Safety of Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics in the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Asha Mohammad Z. , Khalil Sundos F. H.
Published: March 2020

Treatments that target alterations in gut microbiota may be beneficial for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted of randomised clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. Factors considered in the analysis included global IBS symptoms and/or abdominal pain, secondary symptoms and the frequency of adverse events. A total of 33 RCTs involving 4,321 patients were identified. Overall, probiotics significantly improved global IBS symptoms compared to placebos (standardised mean difference = −0.32, 95% confidence interval: −0.48 to −0.15; P <0.001), with significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 72%; P <0.001). This remained apparent in both single- and multi-strain probiotic interventions as well as synbiotic formulations. However, evidence regarding prebiotics was scarce. There were no significant inter-group differences in terms of the frequency of adverse events. Future RCTs should address methodological limitations, including short follow-up periods and patient adherence.Keywords: Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Dietary Supplements; Probiotics; Prebiotics; Synbiotics; Meta-Analysis; Systematic Review.
Child Maltreatment Prevention Readiness Assessment in Oman
Authors: Al Saadoon Muna , Al Numani Asia , Saleheen Hassan , Almuneef Maha , Al-Eissa Majid
Published: March 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate Oman’s readiness for implementing large-scale child maltreatment prevention (CMP) programmes. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between May and August 2016 in Oman. Participants, referred to as key informants, were individuals with influence and decision-making powers over CMP. The multidimensional Readiness Assessment for the Prevention of Child Maltreatment tool, developed by the World Health Organization with the help of collaborators from middle- and low-income countries, was used to assess 10 dimensions of readiness, each with a maximum score of 10. Results: A total of 49 participants were included in this study (response rate = 98%). The mean total score for the 10 dimensions was 50.17 out of 100 possible points. The participants showed high mean readiness scores on legislation, mandates and policies (9.08) followed by knowledge of CMP (7.55), institutional resources and links (6.12), willingness to address the problem (5.35), informal social resources (5.15) and current programme implementation and evaluation (5.10). Participants had low scores in readiness in association with human and technical resources (2.44), attitudes towards CMP (2.90), scientific data on CMP (3.06) and material resources (3.46). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that Oman has a moderate level of readiness to implement largescale evidence-based prevention programmes against child maltreatment; however, several dimensions still need to be strengthened. It is important to develop a national strategy that outlines a framework for organising and prioritising efforts towards CMP.Keywords: Child Maltreatment; Program Development; Attitude; World Health Organization; Oman.
Effectiveness and Needs Assessment of Faculty Development Programme for Medical Education: Experience from Saudi Arabia
Authors: Algahtani Hussein , Shirah Bader , Subahi Ahmad , Aldarmahi Ahmad , Algahtani Raghad
Published: March 2020

Objectives: Faculty members are the most important resource in any institution of higher education as medical education has been, and continues to be, a priority for medical colleges in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to assess faculty members’ perceptions of faculty development programmes (FDPs) in supporting important goals in medical education. In addition, this study aimed to assess faculty members’ perceived needs. Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted between August 2016 and August 2017 and involved participants from six universities in Saudi Arabia’s Western Province. The survey consisted of 31 items designed to assess FDP effectiveness and 49 items designed to assess needs in FDPs. Results: A total of 210 faculty members participated in the study (response rate = 52.5%) and identified 49 needs. Faculty members perceived personal improvement in delivering medical education and the provision of greater educational involvement as the most effective considerations in an FDP. The respondents considered 13 needs to be of utmost importance; the remaining were considered important. Conclusion: This study assessed and identified faculty needs and important skills to consider when establishing an FDP. Furthermore, it provided information addressing the needs of, or gaps between, current and desired conditions in medical education in Saudi Arabia. The study also identified the most important elements (i.e. personal improvement) of faculty-perceived effectiveness for a successful FDP in medical education.Keywords: Faculty; Program Development; Needs Assessment; Perception; Medical Education; Saudi Arabia.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency in Diabetic Patients on Metformin Therapy: A cross-sectional study from Oman
Authors: Al-Hamdi Ahmed , Al-Gahhafi Mohammed , Al-Roshdi Shihab , Jaju Sanjay , Al-Mamari Ali , Al Mahrezi Abdulaziz M.
Published: March 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency amongst diabetic patients on metformin therapy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at general clinics at the University Health Center and diabetes outpatient clinics at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between January and December 2017. All Omani adults who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and took metformin were invited to participate in the study. The variables included in this study were age, gender, duration of diabetes, dose and duration of metformin therapy, haemoglobin and glycosylated haemoglobin level. Results: A total of 248 subjects were included (response rate = 95.4%) of which 26 (10.5%) were vitamin B12 deficient and 53 (21.4%) were borderline deficient. The mean daily dose of metformin was highest among vitamin B12 deficient group (1,981 ± 222 mg; P = 0.004). Conclusion: The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency is considerable among diabetic patients on metformin therapy. Further research is needed to confirm the need for routine screening and monitoring.Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Prevalence; Metformin; Vitamin B12 Deficiency; Oman.
Granulomatous Periorificial Dermatitis in an Adult: A case report with review of literature
Authors: Al-Qassabi Al-Mutasim , Al-Busaidi Khalid , Al Baccouche Kaouthar , Al Ismaili Abla
Published: March 2020

Granulomatous periorificial dermatitis (GPD) is a benign, self-limiting eruption that is considered a clinical variant of periorificial dermatitis, also known as perioral dermatitis. It presents primarily in prepubertal children as monomorphic scaly papules over perioral, paranasal and periorbital areas of the face with rare occurrence in adults. We report a 36-year-old Omani male patient who presented to the Dermatology Clinic at Bahla Polyclinic, Bahla, Oman, in 2018 with a papular eruption over his face for the previous six months. Based on clinical and histopathological findings the patient was diagnosed with GPD with sarcoid-like histology. He was treated effectively with oral doxycycline and topical metronidazole. This report provides a review of the literature on GPD and summarises all reported cases in adults to date.Keywords: Perioral Dermatitis; Dermatitis; Granulomas; Case Report; Oman.
An update on the application of nano-scaled carriers against fluconazole-resistant Candida species: nanostructured lipid carriers or solid lipid nanoparticles?
Authors: Moazeni Maryam , Saeedi Majid , Kelidari Hamidreza , Nabili Mojtaba , Davari Amirhossein
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose: Encapsulation can lead to improved efficacy and safety of antifungal compounds. The attention of scientists has recently turned to biocompatible lipids as the carriers for the delivery of antifungal drugs, such as fluconazole. Although several research reports have already been published on fluconazole loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (FLZ-SLNs) and fluconazole loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (FLZ-NLCs), the possible advantages of NLCs over SLNs have not yet been fully established. Studies performed so far have given several contradictory results.Materials and Methods: Both formulations of fluconazole were synthesized using probe ultrasonication method and the characteristics were analyzed. Antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) was performed with FLZ, FLZ-SLNs, and FLZ-NLCs using CLSI document M60 against some common fluconazole-resistant Candida species.Results: A significant decrease was observed in minimum inhibitory concentration values when both formulations were applied. Nonetheless, FLZ-NLCs were significantly more effective (P<0.05). However, three species groups were not statistically different in terms of the activity of FLZ-NLCs.Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, FLZ-NLCs could reverse the azole-resistance phenomenon in the most common Candida species more effectively, as compared to FLZ-SLNs.
Molecular identification of Fusarium species complex isolated from clinical samples and its antifungal susceptibility patterns
Authors: Bansal Yashik , Singla Nidhi , Kaistha Neelam , Sood Sunandan , Chander Jagdish
Published: March 2020

Background and Purpose: More than 300 Fusarium species are grouped into approximately 23 species complexes out of which around 70 are involved in human infections. The nomenclature of these species has undergone considerable changes in recent years. These species cause localized infections in individuals while inducing systemic infections mainly in immunocompromised patients. The present study was conducted to identify Fusarium species in clinical isolates by molecular methods and determine their in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) patterns to address the lack of data in this domain in Northern India.Materials and Methods: For the purpose of the study, Fusarium isolates obtained from various clinical samples were sent to the Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands, for molecular identification. The MIC testing was performed using the microbroth dilution method as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute reference method (M38-A2).Results: Fusarium was isolated from 33 patients (i.e., 1, 1, 2, 14, and 15 cases with endophthalmitis, sinusitis, pulmonary involvement, onychomycosis, and keratitis, respectively). These 33 isolates belonged to three species complexes, namely F. solani species complex (FSSC; n=13), F. fujikuroi species complex (FFSC; n=13), and F. incarnatum equiseti species complex (FIESC; n=7). The species identified within FSSC, FFSC, and FIESC included F. keratoplasticum (n=6)/F. falciforme (n=6)/F. solani (n=1), F. proliferatum (n=7)/F. sacchari (n=5)/F. anthophilum (n=1), and F. incarnatum SC species (n=6)/F. equiseti SC species (n=1), respectively. The MIC results showed that all isolates had a lower MIC against amphotericin B than against the other antifungal agents.Conclusion: Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment will facilitate the improvement of patient outcomes.
Turizm Öğrencilerinin Hatay İli Somut Kültürel Miras Değerine Yönelik Algıları: İskenderun Teknik Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: KESKİN Mehmet , SAÇLI Çağrı
Published: March 2020

Bu araştırma, 2017 yılında İskenderun Teknik Üniversitesi Turizm işletmeciliği ve Otelcilik Yüksekokulu lisans öğrencilerinin Hatay’ın somut kültürel varlıklarına dair algılarının ölçülmesini amaçlamaktadır. Araştırmada, anket tekniği kullanılarak 338 adet anket verisine ulaşılmıştır. Araştırma da öğrencilerin Hatay’ın kültürel varlıklarına verdikleri önem derecesi ve ölçekler arasındaki ilişkiler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda öğrencilerin çeşitli kısıtlar doğrultusunda kültürel aktivitelere katılım gösteremedikleri ve son sınıfta öğrenim gören öğrencilerin bilgi birikim düzeylerinin ve 4. Sınıftaki öğrencilerin algı düzeylerinin alt sınıflardaki öğrencilere oranla daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir.
Algılanan Örgütsel Desteğin Çalışanların İşe Yabancılaşması ve İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: TOKMAK Mutlu
Published: March 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, çalışanların algıladıkları örgütsel desteğin işe yabancılaşma ve işten ayrılma niyeti üzerine etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmada betimsel istatistik analizi, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Korelâsyon analizleri neticesinde, örgütsel destek algısı ile işe yabancılaşma arasında negatif yönlü 0.432 oranında orta düzeyde ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Algılanan örgütsel destek ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. İşe yabancılaşma ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı 0.674 oranında orta düzeyde korelâsyon olduğu belirlenmiştir. Basit doğrusal regresyon analizleri neticesinde, algılanan örgütsel desteğin işe yabancılaşma üzerinde 0.187 oranında negatif etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Algılanan örgütsel desteğin işten ayrılma niyeti üzerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisi saptanmamıştır. İşe yabancılaşmanın, işten ayrılma niyeti üzerinde ise 0.454 oranında pozitif etkisi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Şeyh Gâlib’in Leylâ ve Mecnûn Hikâyesi Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: IŞIK İsa
Published: March 2020

Arap coğrafyasında teşekkül eden Leylâ ve Mecnûn hikâyesi; Fars, Türk ve Urdu edebiyatlarında birçok şairin dikkatini çekmiş ve bu mevzuda eserler kaleme alınmıştır. Birçok şair tarafından mesnevi nazım biçimiyle kaleme alınan hikâye, aynı zamanda mısra aralarında telmih yoluyla da zikredilmiştir. 18. yüzyılın zirve şairi kabul edilen Şeyh Gâlib de şiirlerinde değişik vesilelerle Leylâ ve Mecnûn aşkına değinmiştir. Gâlib, Divan’ında Leylâ ve Mecnûn isimlerini zikretmekle yetinmemiş, mesnevi nazım şekliyle kısa bir “Hikâye-i Leylâ vü Mecnûn” da kaleme almıştır. Leylâ ve Mecnûn hikâyesinin özü görünümünde olan manzume 18 beyitten oluşur. Şairin kısa da olsa bir Leylâ ve Mecnûn mesnevisi yazması edebiyat tarihi açısından değerlidir. Bu çalışmada, Şeyh Galib Divanı’ında bulunan “Hikâye-i Leylâ vü Mecnûn” adlı manzume, muhteva yönüyle incelenmiştir.
Ontological Background of the Literature at the Sample of the Evolution of Homo Muslimus -II-: Applications on the Holist Heqmatic Grounds
Authors: AÇIKÖZ Mustafa
Published: March 2020

In this paper, I
shall in general offer a critical account of a topic which is about ‘historic emergence
of language, thought and religion at the three-sided evolution of homo
Muslimus’ at the factual, conceptual and historical levels within the context
of the trio of ‘agent’, ‘action’ and ‘agency’. The paper obtained by means a
holist heqmatic inquiry, which is applied into the topic in the frame of the
Books of Universe and the Qur’an. Thus we offer a historical horizon and momentum
about the intellectual onto-epistemic journey of man called by us as homo
skepticus who is divinely expected to be a ‘homo Muslimus’. Our investigation
covers two interconnectedly succeeding separated articles which are about the
same topic and title. This current article is the second part presented here
includes ‘Applications on Holist Heqmatic Ground’ of the research topic.
Tempo Veren Liderlik Ölçeği (TVLÖ): Bir Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması
Authors: DEMİR YILDIZ Canan , POLAT Murat
Published: March 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, örgütlerde yöneticilerin tempo veren liderlik düzeylerini ölçen geçerli ve güvenilir, Likert tipi bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 140 idari personel oluşturmaktadır. Ölçek maddeleri üzerinde AFA ve DFA yapılmıştır. AFA sonuçları; ölçeğin 18 maddeden oluştuğunu göstermiştir. Ölçeğin açıkladığı toplam varyans değeri ise %52,8’dir. DFA sonuçları üç alt faktörlü ölçek yapısının iyi uyum değerlerine sahip olduğuna işaret etmektedir Ölçeğin güvenirlik analizi sonuçları; iç tutarlılık katsayısının, α=.91, McDonald’s ω=.82 ve iki yarı test güvenirliğinin r=.91 olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Ulaşılan sonuçlar; ölçeğin, örgütsel liderlik çalışmalarında kullanılabilecek şekilde geçerli-güvenilir bir ölçe aracı olduğu yönündedir.
Malazgirt Savaşı, Sultan Alparslan ve Diyojen
Authors: KIRAN Abdullah
Published: March 2020

Bundan 950 yıl önce vuku bulan Malazgirt Savaşı’nın giderek tarihi bağlamından kopartıldığı ve ideolojik bir içerikle ele alındığına tanık olmaktayız. Aslında Malazgirt iki farklı halk veya ulus arasında meydana gelmiş bir savaş değildir. Kimi Roma kaynaklarında Sultan Alparslan’dan “Kürtler ve Perslerin Kralı” şeklinde söz edilirken, savaşın Perslere karşı yapıldığı belirtilmektedir. Malazgirt Sultan Alparslan’ın ordusunu hazırlayarak katıldığı bir savaş da değildir. Diyojen’in kenti işgal ettiği sırada Alparslan Halep’te bulunmaktadır. Halep’ten dört bin kişilik bir Memluk ordusuyla yola çıkan Alparslan’ın Diyojen ile savaşmasını teşvik edenler Kürtlerdir. Zira Diyojen’in işgal ettiği Malazgirt, Mervani Kürt Beyliğinin sınırları içinde kalmaktadır. Alparslan Malazgirt’e ulaştığında, on bin civarında Kürt kuvveti kendi askerlerine dâhil olur. Ancak, Roma ordusu ile karşılaştırıldığında, İslam ordusu sayıca çok düşüktür.
Noktalama İşaretleri ve Hakkı Baha’nın Usul-i Tenkit Adlı Eserinin Tenkit ve Tahlili
Authors: GÜLER Turan
Published: March 2020

Tanzimat öncesi Türk edebiyatında çok nadir ve sistemsiz şekilde kullanılan noktalama işaretleri yaziyâ ses ve anlam katma noktasında önemli bir görev üstlenir. Noktalama işaretleri Avrupa'da yaygınlaştıktan çok sonra Şinasi’nin Şair Evlenmesi (1860) adlı oyununda kullandığı birkaç işaret ile edebiyatımıza girmiştir. Noktalama işaretlerinin kullanımı yaygınlaştıkça bunlara dair teorik bilgi vermek için de metinler yazılmıştır. Bu metinlerin başında ise Şemsettin Sami’nin Usûl-i Tenkīt ve Tertip (1886) adlı eseri gelmektedir. Bunun haricinde Hakkı Baha (Pars)’ın da 1327’de yayımladığı Usûl-i Tenkīt adlı eserinde noktalama işaretlerinin kullanımı hakkında bilgi verilmektedir. Yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda hem noktalama işaretlerinin kullanımı hem de noktalama işaretlerinin ele alınmasıyla ilgili çalışmalarda Hakkı Baha’nın bu eserine değinilmediği görülmüştür. Makalemizde Hakkı Baha’nın adı geçen eseri incelenmiş ve metin Latinize edilmiştir. Bu yolla da noktalama işaretlerinin tarihçesiyle ilgili literatüre kaynak sağlanmıştır.
Byzantine and Sassanian Competition in International Trade in the 5th and 7th Centuries
Authors: ÇAĞLAYAN Yegane
Published: March 2020

The vast lands of Asia, Africa and Europe were divided between the Byzantine and Sassanian empires, the two great powers of the Early Middle Ages in the 5th and 7th centuries. These two empires fought for strategically important regions for several centuries. A big part of the Byzantine-Sassanian wars was related to economic reasons and the main purpose was to control the world trade.This study investigates the key points of the commercial competition between the Byzatine and Sassanian empires for the "Great Silk Road" with a particular focus on the affiliation of the Turkish Khaganate. The study aims to reveal the reasons for the mentioned commercial competition and the results for the countries under the auhority of these empires.
Sofía Korvin (Sofía Kovalevsky) (1850-1891) una heroína de las matemáticas
Authors: Arguedas T Vernor
Published: March 2020

Se analizan algunos aspectos de la vida de Sofía Korvin (Sofía Kovalevsky) en sus facetas como escritora, matemática, activista social y luchadora incansable por los derechos de las mujeres.

Abstract

 Some aspects of the life of Sofía Korvin (Sofía Kovalevsky) in her facets as a writer, mathematician, social activist and tireless fighter for women’s rights are analyzed.
Estadística computacional con Julia. Ventajas de su enseñanza en la universidad
Authors: Cuevas Humberto , Camacho R Gabriela , Solís Cristina
Published: March 2020

En este artículo se describen las características más representativas del lenguaje de programación Julia. Se hace énfasis en presentar algunos de los paquetes más importantes para cómputo estadístico y se examina su pertinencia de incorporar el uso del lenguaje en cursos de estadística en instituciones universitarias. Se revisa la importancia de utilizar pruebas estadísticas paramétricas, no paramétricas y robustas; posteriormente, se esboza un método para incorporar su empleo en la enseñanza.

Abstract

This article describes the most representative features of the Julia programming language. The emphasis is placed on presenting some of the most important packages for statistical computation and their relevance to incorporate the use of language in statistical courses in university institutions is reviewed. The calculation of parametric, no parametric and robust statistics test are reviewed; subsequently, one method is outlined to incorporate its use in the classroom.
Free Trade Agreement: Impacts on the Costa Rican Dairy Market
Authors: Rodriguez-Lizano Víctor , Montero-Vega Mercedes , Paniagua-Molina Javier
Published: March 2020

According to the Free Trade Agreement with Central America, Dominican Republic and United States signed in 2008, milk import tariff reliefs will stagger down from 59,4% to 0% by 2025. This study determined milk demand and supply curves in the Costa Rican domestic market. Several variables and two different models were conducted to estimate milk demand and supply: Ordinary Least Squares and Two Stages Least Square simultaneous equations. In both cases, demand was estimated by income and milk prices as independent variables; while supply was estimated by input and milk prices. Nonetheless, the best fit was obtained by TSLS model because it accounts for endogeneity among price and quantity. Based on this model, if domestic prices are supposed to decrease due to increasing quantities of imported lower-priced milk, then national demand would increase (9% average) and national production is expected to decrease (26% average). The gap between national milk demand and supply is expected to be filled by milk imported from United States; assuming 0% tariff, no transaction costs and constant share of exports within national production.

JEL Classification: F1, Q17
Assessing Readiness Levels of Production Technologies for Sustainable Intensification of Agriculture
Authors: Maciejczak Mariusz , Faltmann Janis
Published: March 2020

The modern agricultural production is facing the problem of a growing society connected with the growing asking for food as well as different environmental threats. To solve this issue, agricultural production should be more sustainable and efficient which can be reached by using new technologies. In the paper the most important technologies, which were evaluated by different research methods to find how and when they could be used for a sustainable intensification of agriculture were highlighted by applying technology and market readiness models. By asking professionals from different fields of agriculture in practice as well as academia it was found that technologies that collect or utilize advanced data (sensors, drones) used for knowledge based management are more applicable for use, contrary to nanotechnologies where the costs of development and applications limits the readiness.

JEL Classification: Q16
Goat Keeping and Goat Milk Products in Human Nutrition - Review
Authors: Csapóné Riskó Tünde , Csapó Zsolt
Published: March 2020

The aim of this paper is to review the status quo and future perspective of goat keeping and goat milk products, particularly emphasising the role of goat milk products in human nutrition. Across the globe, goats can be kept almost anywhere, even in poor surroundings. Considering the deteriorating geographical conditions due e.g. to global warming, the importance of goat and goat products will probably further increase. Goats can play an important role in the nutrition of the continuously increasing human population. The wool, meat and milk of goats are all valuable products. Goats are able to provide high quality products under diverse climate conditions and in extreme environments. Globally, more people drink jmilk from goats than from any other animal. Due to the components and profile of goat milk, it can be processed and a wide range of high quality and healthy value added products can be produced from it. Goat milk plays a decisive role in feeding starving and malnourished people in developing countries. In developed countries, a significant segment of many populations suffers from gastro-intestinal disorders and cow milk allergy. Goat milk plays an important role in the treatment of certain health problems. Moreover, due to its favourable effects on human health, goat milk has found a niche for itself in the trend towards healthy nutrition in developed countries, where connoisseur consumers are ensuring goat milk products a growing market share. In these countries, goat milk products, e. g. cheeses are also recognised as gastronomic and festive products.

JEL Classification: Q13
Da Tuberculose ao COVID-19: Legitimidade Jurídico-Constitucional do Isolamento/Tratamento Compulsivo por Doenças Contagiosas em Portugal
Authors: Peixoto Vasco Ricoca , Mexia Ricardo , Santos Nina de Sousa , Carvalho Carlos , Abrantes Alexandre
Published: March 2020

N/a.
Effectiveness of Ketoprofen Suppositoria as Preemptive Analgesia for Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery with General Anesthesia
Authors: Lestari Lupi , Hanindito Elizeus , Utariani Arie
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Effective postoperative pain management provides improved patient comfort and satisfaction, earlier mobilization, fewer pulmonary and cardiac complications, reduced risk deep vein thrombosis, fast recovery, and reduced cost of care. Preemptive analgesia, initiated before the surgical procedure to prevent pain in the early postoperative period, has the potential to be more effective than a similar analgesic treatment initiated after surgery. As a part of multimodal analgesia, the use of NSAIDs should always be considered for acute postoperative pain management. NSAIDs can be used preoperatively as a part of the preemptive regimen and for postoperative pain control to increase the efficacy of opioids and reduce its side effects. Material and Method: This research was experimental research with a case-control design of the study. The samples separated into two groups, the first group got ketoprofen suppository before the induction, and the second group didn’t get the ketoprofen suppository The intensity of pain measured with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) or Wong-Baker Faces Pain Scale was the variable studied at different postoperative times (30 min, 60 min, 120 min, 2-6 hours, 6-12 hours). The total amount of rescue analgesics (fentanyl) and side effects were other variables of this study. Result and Discussion: The result is ketoprofen suppository as preemptive analgesia administrations can reduce postoperative pain. Numeric Rating Scale was significantly lower in the ketoprofen group compared to the control group (p < 0,05) at 30 min, 60 min, 230 min, 2-6 hours, 6-12 hours. The number of postoperative analgesics needed in the recovery room was significant differences among both groups (p < 0,05). Conclusion: Preemptive analgesia in patients who underwent an operation with general anesthesia with ketoprofen suppository was effectively in blocking noxious stimuli and central sensitization, with subsequent prevention of acute postoperative pain.
The Effect of Blended Learning on Nursing Students’ Knowledge
Authors: Eka Ni Gusti Ayu , Houghty Grace Solely , Juniarta Juniarta
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Blended learning is assumed to improve the students’ understanding of learning at nursing school especially in the current industrial revolution 4.0 era.  The combination of classroom and online activities is expected to provide better study outcomes.  This research aimed to compare the knowledge scores of the nursing students in blended learning concerning a research and statistics course at a private faculty of nursing.Methods: The knowledge scores resulted from the student’s score in their mid and final examinations (0-100). A total of 474 respondents who were third year students involved in the study.  This study applied a pre-experimental design. Due to the data having a significant non-normal value (p value < 0.001), this study further compared the mean-rank of the students’ score using a Wilcoxon test analysis.Results: The results of this study revealed that there was a significant difference (p value < 0.0001) between the students’ score in the mid (Median 72.5; SD 9.82) and final exam examinations (Median 86.66; SD 4.75). This means that the students had a better score in their final exam.Conclusion: Applying a blended learning method was a positive experience for the nursing students in terms of knowledge. It is needed to explore the students’ understanding and interest in their learning process using blended learning.
Related Factors of a Nurse Handover Implementation in the Inpatient Ward of Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin
Authors: Juliadi Ahmad , Ilmi Bahrul , Hiryadi Hiryadi
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Ideally, a handover is carried out through three stages: preparation, implementation, and post-handover. However, some handovers only consist of one phase. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze the factors related to the implementation of nurse handover.Methods: This was a correlative analytic research method with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was all of the nurses with at least a Diploma III inpatient ward education. The sample totaled 174 nurses in the inpatient ward of Ulin Hospital Banjarmasin, recruited through proportionate stratified random sampling. The data was collected by spreading the questionnaire and the data collection took place from December 2017 to January 2018.Results: There was a correlation between education level (p= 0.036) and role model (p= 0.021) with the implementation of handover. The most dominant factor associated with the implementation of handover was role model (p= 0.031: OR= 6.089).Conclusion: The nurses who had a good role model performed th handover 6.089 times better than the nurses with an inadequate role model. Adversely, a poor role model might result in a poor handover.
The Effect of Clinical Supervision on Nurse Performance
Authors: Nuritasari Rahayu Tri , Rofiqi Erfan , Fibriola Tan Nina , Ardiansyah Rizal Tri
Published: March 2020

The nursing department often incurs problems about the performance of the nurses in providing nursing care at the hospital. This condition must get the attention of the head of the room as the manager who is directly responsible for the nursing care provided by the implementing nurse. Supervision is a part of the directional function that has the role of maintaining the department so then all programmed activities can be carried out properly and smoothly. This systematic review was conducted to review the effect of clinical supervision on nurse performance. For the systematic review, a literature search of the PubMed, SAGE, Science direct, and Scopus databases using the keywords ‘nursing’, ‘clinical supervision’, ‘clinical performance’ and ‘nurse performance’ was conducted in February 2019. The search identified 15 relevant research articles from the 2.436 original articles and full texts published between 2013 and 2019. The results show that clinical supervision has the potential to improve staff performance, which will ultimately affect the successful attainment of the hospital. Support from the hospital nursing management in providing support and monitoring is critical to the continuity, sustainability and successful implementation of clinical supervision. Clinical supervision activities conducted regularly in a scheduled manner will spur on the nurse’s performance.
The Experiences of Cancer-Related Fatigue among Adult Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Arizona I Komang Leo Triandana , Sukartini Tintin , Efendi Ferry , Estiadewi Primalova Septiavy , Anggraeni Ni Putu Dian Ayu
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is one of the symptoms commonly experienced and it is a subjective feeling felt by cancer patients. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize how fatigue has been described from the perspective of adult cancer patients, the impact of fatigue on their quality of life, what the patient reported as contributing factors and potential coping strategies to reduce fatigue.Methods: A systematic review is in line with PRISMA guidelines. Five databases were systematically searched (Scopus, PubMed, Springerlink, ProQuest and Science Direct) from January 2009 to February 2019 for qualitative studies describing the experience of adult cancer patients using a predefined search strategy and any relevant keywords.Results: In total, 13 out of 4692 studies were included. The ages of the included patient cancer ranged from 26 to 84 years. The majority of studies used in-depth interviews and semi-structured interviews to elicit the participant’s experiences of fatigue. Four themes were identified: the perception of cancer-related fatigue, the etiology of cancer fatigue, impact and coping strategies.Conclusion: Fatigue is impactful on quality of life from the perspective of cancer patients. Future research should focus on the prospective exploration of the impact of fatigue on woman's and men's health and identifying approaches to reduce fatigue.
A Review of Personality Type D on Cardiovascular Disease Patients
Authors: Fernandez Gratsia Viktoria , Fitriyah Rahmatul , Samudera Wahyu Sukma , Arifin Hidayat , Wulandari Shenda Maulina
Published: March 2020

Introduction: The type of personality that a patient has as a psychosocial factor has been associated with the incidence and progression of cardiovascular disease. The aim of the study was to review the evidence and correlation between personality type and the development of cardiovascular disease.Methods: Articles were searched for using the PRISMA approach in the CINAHL, Science Direct and Scopus databases, limited to the last 5 years. The articles were from 2013 to 2018 and the language used was English. The studies focused on personality type D and cardiovascular disease, and the participants were above 18 years old.Results: Most of the findings of the studies showed that individuals with a type D personality have a relationship with more severe heart disease, which relates to several physiological factors, namely emotion increase, anxiety, stress, biological factors, cognitive decline and the decrease in quality of life.Conclusion: Individuals with type D personality have a higher level of stress, significant blood pressure, higher pulse and they experience an increase in cortisol compared to non-type D personalities. Individuals who suffer from cardiovascular disease with personality type D tend to experience a more severe progression of the condition of cardiovascular disease.
A Diabetes Self-Management Education/Support (DSME/S) Program in Reference to the Biological, Psychological and Social Aspects of a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Fajriyah Novita , Firmanti Tria Anisa , Mufidah Ainul , Septiana Nita Tri
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Various efforts have been made to improve the self-care management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). One of them is by using a Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSME/S) program. DSME/S produces positive effects in relation to patient behavior and health status. This is a systematic review of randomized controlled trials published where the aim was to evaluate the impact of the DSME/S program in term of biological. psychological and social aspects.Methods: The articles were searched for using the PRISMA approach from within Scopus, Sage Journal, ProQuest, Google Scholar and PubMed to identify the relevant English publications on DSME over the last 5 years (2013-2018). In total, 15 studies met the inclusion criteria.Results: The articles included at least one result that covered the biological, psychological, and social aspects that are more general and relevant for T2DM patients who received the DSME program. DSME had a positive impact on T2DM, namely the reduction of HbA1c, blood glucose, LDL, cholesterol, blood pressure, weight, waist circumference, decreased distress, anxiety and increased self-efficacy and self-empowerment.Conclusion: It can increase the social and family support, improve self-management motivation, increase knowledge and improve the behavior of T2DM patients. The findings of our review showed that DSME has a positive impact on the biological, psychological and social aspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The Use of Health Technology to Enhance the Adherence of Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sholikhah Dwi Uswatun , Sari Gevi Melliya , Narendri Cahya Mustika , Sariati Sariati , Purwanti Nora Dwi
Published: March 2020

Introduction: Disobedience in the context of TB treatment is one of the major problems around the world. Many efforts have been made to improve the adherence to TB treatment; one of them is the utilization of health technology such as digital technology. The aim of the study was to identify the effectiveness of the use of health technology such as digital technology to improve treatment compliance.Methods: The literature review was used to identify the interventions and then the identification of the relevant literature was done by topic and title, obtaining the literature in full text form. The analysis of the results was drawn from the many interventions in the literature. There were 15 articles found from the systematic search performed in the Scopus, Proquest, Science direct, Spingerlink and Sage databases with an RCTs design. This was conducting by entering the keywords of adherence, promoting adherence, improving adherence, tuberculosis treatment, chronic disease, health technology, digital technology, mhealth and self-reminders.Results: The search was limited to journals from 2013 to 2018, with the inclusion criteria being the use health technology such as digital technology to improve the adherence to chronic disease treatment (TB treatment).Conclusion: There are several uses of health technology when it comes to improving the adherence to TB treatment that can be used as a promotive and preventive effort during the treatment of TB.