bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptions of Grade 12 Socio-Economics Students on the Integration of Real-Life Scientific Applications in Biology Classrooms
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University -- Chouran Beirut, Farran Diana Al
Published: June 2024

Lebanon's educational system faces major criticism for its outdated national science curriculum, particularly in addressing essential 21st-century skills. As a result, high school students exhibit disengagement in science classrooms. To tackle these issues, an intervention integrating real-life applications into grade 12SE biology classes was implemented throughout the 2022-2023 academic year. Post-graduation, a survey assessing 31 students' motivation, interest, and attitudes toward science was conducted. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were carried out with 6 students to further explore how the intervention affected students’ perceptions of science. Through the analysis of the survey’s responses, the interview transcripts, and the teacher’s diary, the study explored the impact of real-life applications on students' views of science. Findings revealed a positive impact on students' perceptions of science, aligning with existing literature emphasizing the benefits of real-life applications in learning. This study contributes valuable insights into revitalizing the methods used to teach science and the Lebanese science curriculum by advocating for a more engaging approach. Addressing this study’s limitations and embracing the recommendations discussed, could lead to a more contemporary and effective educational framework, aiming to optimize the integration of real-life applications in science classrooms.
Intimate Violence: Alcohol and Drug Use, and Mental Health during COVID-19 among Young Mexican Adults
Authors: Morales Chainé Silvia , Bacigalupe Gonzalo , Robles García Rebeca , López Fuentes Alma Luisa
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Although the COVID-19 pandemic triggered an increase in intimate violence, drug use, and mental health problems in low- and middle-income countries, these fluctuations and the relationship directionality between these behaviors and symptoms, when comparing group-of-age risks and developmental trends during the pandemic in Mexico, are unclear. This study describes the tendency and relationship directionality between intimate violence, harmful use of alcohol and other drugs, and mental health symptoms among young adults during COVID-19 in Mexico. Method: longitudinal cohort of group evolution with 5,102 Mexicans aged 18, 21, and 24 (with 49% of the evolution-age sample accomplishments, e.g., for the first group, we choose a sample of participants of 18 years in 2021, a sample of participants of 19 years in 2022, and a sample of participant of 20 years in 2023). Results: women, men, and 18- and 22-year-old youths who had suffered intimate violence reported harmful alcohol use, depression, anxiety, PTSD, and perpetrating violence. They also revealed the harmful use of tobacco, cannabis, and sedative consumption due to risky alcohol use. The oldest young adults also reported depressive symptoms due to intimate violence. The 19 to 21, and 25-year-old youths reported perpetrating violence as a result of intimate violence victimization. During 2022 and 2023, the youngest cohorts engaging in harmful alcohol use also reported risky sedative use. Discussion and conclusions: findings reflect an increase in intimate violence, harmful alcohol and other drugs use, and mental health problems among young adults in Mexico during the pandemic. Public policies should consider designing cost-effective preventive interventions to address intimate violence as a strategy for reducing harmful alcohol use and improving mental health conditions.
Healthy Sleep, Orexin System and Addiction
Authors: Equihua-Benítez Ana Clementina , García-García Fabio
Published: June 2024

Introduction: sleep disturbances are often reported in the context of depression, anxiety, and substance abuse disorder, observations that have strengthened the idea that there is an underlying link between them. Recently, the orexinergic system has been proposed as a possible common regulator, as orexinergic innervation reaches both sleep and wake-promoting centers and the mesolimbic pathway, potentially allowing orexinergic stimuli to promote wakefulness and addiction concurrently. Objective: to describe the involvement of the orexinergic system in behaviors such as sleep and substance abuse disorders, and the therapeutical potential of orexin modulators for the treatment of such conditions. Method: a search in scientific databases (PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct) was carried out for information regarding sleep, the orexinergic system, and substance abuse disorders. Information regarding clinical trials for orexin modulators was extracted from the clinicaltrials.gov website and the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registry. Results: experimental evidence suggests that orexinergic hyperactivity can lead to insomnia and increase drug-seeking behavior. Therefore, orexin modulators are being tested for their potential as aid in the treatment of substance abuse disorders with alcohol, nicotine, and opioids, leading the ongoing clinical trials. Discussion and conclusions: substance abuse disorders are often accompanied by sleep disturbances, a relationship that has been proved to be a risk factor for relapse. In this regard, orexinergic antagonists reduce the activity of the orexinergic system in humans, increasing sleep quality and potentially reducing the intensity of withdrawal symptoms. Therefore, the orexinergic system could function as the proposed link between sleep and issues such as substance abuse, anxiety, and depression.
Rus ve Türk Dillerinde сообщать (bildirmek) Fiilinin Sözlüksel Analizi
Authors: Akbaba Tülay
Published: June 2024

Bilgi genel olarak anlamlandırılmış veriler, deneyimler, gerçekler olarak tanımlanabilir. İnsanlar, çevrelerindeki dünyayı anlamak, başkalarıyla iletişim kurmak, sorunları çözmek için bilgiyi kullanmışlardır. Bilginin tarihine bakıldığında insanlık tarihi kadar eski ve çeşitli olduğu görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla bilgi insanlık tarihinin bir parçası olarak sürekli olarak gelişmekte ve değişmektedir. Bilgi aktarımı eğitim, iş dünyası, iletişim, bilim, teknoloji ve birçok başka alanda önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. İnsanlar arasında bilgi aktarımı, öğrenme sürecini desteklemekte, yeni fikirlerin ve bilgilerin yayılmasını sağlamakta, işbirliği ve iletişimi teşvik etmekte ve toplumsal gelişmeye katkıda bulunmaktadır. Bilgiyi aktarmak için sıklıkla her dilde konuşma fiilleri, iletişim fiilleri ya da bilgiyi aktaran fiiller olarak adlandırılan fiiller kullanılmaktadır. Rus ve Türk dillerinde bilgiyi aktaran fiiller çok farklı dil bilimsel ve semantik özellikler içermektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı öncelikle bilgi aktarımı ve söz edim teorisi arasındaki ilişkiyi ele almak ve akabinde Rus ve Türk dillerinde bilgi aktarım sürecinde en sık kullanılan fiillerden birisi olan bildirmek (сообщать) fiilini semantik açıdan analiz etmektir. Çalışmada semantik ve karşılaştırmalı yöntem kullanılmıştır. Örnekler tarafımıza aittir. Bu çalışma sonucunda bildirmek (сообщать) fiiliyle hem anlam hem de tercüme açısından zorluk yaratan semantik işaretlerin çözümlenmesi hedeflenmektedir.
Mujeres y Agricultura Urbana Comunitaria: un estudio de caso múltiple en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: Pantoja Bohórquez Clara Patricia , Martínez Grisales Karen Johanna , Rincón Vivas Jessica Paola , Boada Arias Linda Vanessa
Published: June 2024

El artículo se orienta a profundizar sobre el lugar de las mujeres vinculadas a iniciativas de agricultura urbana comunitaria y a reconocer sus prácticas de resistencia colectiva en siete iniciativas ubicadas en el noroccidente de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia, a partir de una metodología cualitativa, con un estudio de caso múltiple y resaltando la importancia de un análisis interseccional en las experiencias de las participantes. Se encuentra que, junto con una apuesta por la soberanía alimentaria, se persigue la transformación de las formas de relacionamiento con la naturaleza y la vida ampliada, así como la resignificación y apropiación del espacio público. Se concluye que las mujeres juegan un relevante rol en la autogestión comunitaria con un alto reconocimiento de sus saberes y quehaceres; las redes de afectividad y el intercambio intergeneracional fortalecen la autonomía y liderazgo femenino, que se irradia a otros escenarios de participación sociopolítica. Todo lo anterior las convierte en apuestas contrahegemónicas y de resistencia al modelo capitalista y androcéntrico.
MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN PADA PENERAPAN TARIF PERPAJAKAN DI INDONESIA UNTUK WP BADAN DENGAN SELF ASSESSMENT SYSTEM MELALUI PT. INFINITY GENERAL CONSULTING
Authors: Fatimah Siti , Sandya Sundus , Pascayanti Yusifa
Published: June 2024

Pendapatan pajak menyumbang 82,5 persen dari total pendapatan negara.Penerimaan pajak merupakan salah satu sumber penerimaan keuangan APBN(Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara) yang sangat penting. Artinya, setiappengeluaran yang diperlukan pemerintah untuk menjalankan pemerintahan danmemberikan pelayanan dasar kepada masyarakat sangat bergantung padapenerimaan pajak. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kelangsungan hidup negara inisangat bergantung pada pajak. Pajak merupakan sarana untuk mencapai tujuannegara, yaitu. untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang adil dan makmur, serta saranauntuk mengerahkan sumber daya dari kegiatan perekonomian masyarakat untukmembiayai pembangunan negara. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalahdeskriptif analisis, mengumpulkan informasi dari studi literatur, wawancara dandokumentasi terkait penerapan sistem self-assessment. Hasil penelitian inidiharapkan dapat memberikan pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai efektivitassistem self-assessment dalam mencapai keadilan perpajakan serta memberikanrekomendasi kepada pemerintah dan dunia usaha untuk meningkatkantransparansi, kepatuhan dan efisiensi perpajakan. Fokus utama penelitian iniadalah penerapan keadilan dalam proses perpajakan dengan mengidentifikasitantangan dan peluang yang dihadapi wajib pajak badan dalam memenuhikewajiban perpajakannya. Menekankan kebutuhan mendesak untuk mencapaikeadilan dalam sistem perpajakan Indonesia, khususnya bagi wajib pajak badanyang menggunakan sistem self-assessment.
Peran Komunikasi Politik Elit Tradisional dalam Konstalasi Politik Lokal
Authors: Rumalutur Faisal Idris
Published: June 2024

Pemilihan kepala daerah (PILKADA) secara langsung merupakan salah satu kemajuan demokrasi di Indonesia. PILKADA yang dilakukan sebelumnya  melalui lembaga legislatif, dirasakan tidak mencerminkan keinginan langsung masyarakat selaku konstituen. Namun, demokrasi langsung pada level local ini ternyata disatu sisi menguatkan tatanan sosial tradisional yang sudah hidup sejak awal di masyarakat. Relasi-relasi lama ini digunakan oleh para elit politik tradisional untuk memenangkan suksesi politik di daerah. PILKADA langsung serentak di kabupaten Seram Bagian Timur tahun 2015 memperlihatkan bagaimana relasi-relasi sosial lama atau tradisional ini digunakan sebagai alat dan media komunikasi politik.
Alcohol and Substance Abuse in the General Population during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results of the COMET-G International Study
Authors: Elias Tzavellas , Vasilopoulos Efthimios , Panagiota Bompori , Seri Abraham , Kristina Adorjan , et al
Published: June 2024

The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and substance use behaviors has sparked extensive research efforts. The COMET-G international study, organized by the Department of Medicine and the Rectorate of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in collaboration with the World Psychiatric Association, delved into these issues. Running from March 2020 to April 2021, the study collected responses from 55,589 individuals across 40 countries. Through a comprehensive questionnaire, participants provided insights into their mental state, attitudes toward the pandemic, and the resultant changes in their personal and daily lives. Findings revealed, among other things, significant patterns of change in substance use, with notable correlations between reduced usage and the severity of lockdown measures among non-binary individuals. Mental health history emerged as a strong predictor of substance use changes, with influences from anxiety disorders, depression, and self-harm. Additionally, family and social dynamics, including economic expectations and household composition, significantly shaped substance use behaviors during lockdowns. Given these findings, the development of comprehensive approaches targeting the adverse effects of the pandemic on individual behaviors and general welfare is crucial.
Unveiling the silent struggle: Exploring the influence of dyslexia on elementary students’ mathematics learning in Nepal
Authors: Kunwar Rajendra , G. C. Laxmi , Dahal Prem Prasad , Thapa Krishna Bahadur
Published: June 2024

Dyslexia is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in accurate and fluent reading, spelling, and writing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of students with suspected dyslexia and its impact on math performance among elementary-level students in Nepal. A mixed-method approach was employed, involving a sample of 1,661 students in grade V and grade VI. The study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, students with suspected dyslexia were identified using the dyslexia checklist for teachers, dyslexia checklist for parents, and dyslexia self-assessment questionnaire. In the second phase, observation and semi-structured interviews were conducted to verify the suspected students with dyslexia. The study revealed that the incidence of students with suspected dyslexia among elementary school students was 8.97%. Among the students with suspected dyslexia, the occurrence rate was slightly higher in males (10.42%) compared to females (7.90%). Additionally, the researchers assessed the impact of dyslexia by comparing the math test scores between students with suspected dyslexia and those without dyslexia. The results demonstrated significantly lower performance among students with dyslexia compared to their non-dyslexic peers.
PARADOXES OF MONETARY POLICY PROVIDED BY THE NATIONAL BANK OF UKRAINE (OR, FOLLOWING HONORE DE BALZAC “SHINE AND POVERTY OF COURTESANS”)
Authors: Mantsurov Igor G. , Barvinok Alina S. , Stoletova Iryna G.
Published: June 2024

The qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the monetary policy of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) have been analyzed. It has been proved that this policy, as a part of general regulatory policy of the state, is a set of measures in the area of money’s circulation to be implemented in order to ensure the stability of the monetary and banking system of Ukraine. The crisis in the country's economy, provoked by the war, became a serious challenge for the NBU that requires improvement of the state monetary policy and searching for effective mechanisms needed to be implemented. In this situation, the NBU has to ensure not only the achievement of the national financial system relatively high level of stability, but also move in its regulatory banking policy, which main purpose is consisting now in supporting the value of money, to a comprehensive assessment of the money’s functions in general.
Constelaciones familiares en la narrativa iberoamericana moderna
Authors: Calderón Villarino Ángela , Welge Jobst
Published: June 2024

The present volume collects essays on the subject of ‘family constellations’ in modern and contemporary Iberoamerican fiction, including case studies from Spain, Portugal, Hispanophone Latin America, and Brazil, with analyses of novels ranging from 1973 (Concha Alós, La madama) to 2020 (Juan Gabriel Vásquez, Volver la vista atrás). The volume proposes the idea of ‘family constellations’ as a critical concept to capture the different ways in which these literary works transcend or escape the customary generic rubric of the family novel/saga.
In contrast to more organic notions of family or the conventional scheme of genealogical sequence (and decadence), the novelistic works studied here are distinguished by the partial and subjective way in which they imagine affective bonds across or within a generation. Moreover, in contrast to the time-honored allegorical equation of family (history) and nation, the novels of the past decades and of most recent publication tend to foreground transnational and multi-relational or multilateral connections, bonds, and memories, and they frequently also appeal to an international readership. Historical legacies continue to play an important role, but frequently what is focused upon is not the direct experience of ‘historical’ events, but rather the transgenerational and traumatic transmission of historical memories over time and across generations. Finally, many of the novels discussed tend to connect the representation of family relations to meta-fictional and meta-historical devices.Through the eight individual studies presented here, the volume wants to make a case for the continued importance of ‘family’ in contemporary Iberoamerican literature, and to suggest concepts and approaches for further study, that highlight the more flexible and fragmentary modes in which familial relations undergird the content and form of recent fiction.
Psychische Gesundheit in der Mediation
Authors: Schlär Zoë
Published: June 2024

In Mediationen begegnen wir immer wieder Mediand*innen, die physisch erkrankt sein können. Dabei ist die Bandbreite der Erkrankungen groß und ganz unterschiedlich ausgeprägt. Sie reicht von Depressionen über Zwangsstörungen bis hin zu posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen. In der Praxis stellt sich die Frage, ob hier eine Mediation überhaupt möglich ist. Was müssen Mediator*innen wissen und beachten, wenn sie mit betroffenen Klient*innen arbeiten? Hilfreich ist es, eigene Grenzen zu kennen und achtsam mit sich und seinem Gegenüber umzugehen.
Análisis bibliométrico y temático de la producción científica sobre problemas relacionados con los medicamentos (PRM) indexada en la base de datos bibliográfica Scopus
Authors: Martínez-Aguilar Laura , Sanz-Lorente María , Martínez-Martínez Fernando , Faus María J. , Sanz-Valero Javier
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: Analizar, mediante técnicas bibliométricas, la producción científica sobre problemas relacionados con los medicamentos (PRM) indexada en la base de datos bibliográfica Scopus.
Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Los datos se obtuvieron de la base de datos Scopus, interrogando con el término “drug-related problem” los campos de registro de título, resumen y palabras clave; fecha final de búsqueda enero 2024.
Resultados: Se obtuvieron total de 2992 referencias. La relación anual del número de publicaciones mostró un modelo de regresión lineal directo (R2 = 0,8; p < 0,001). La tipología documental más frecuente fue el artículo original con 2455 (82,1%) referencias, con índice de productividad de 3,4. Se identificaron trabajos publicados en 26 idiomas distintos, siendo el inglés la lengua predominante con 2607 (87,1%) trabajos. Existió correlación estadísticamente significativa entre los indicadores de impacto JCR y CiteScore (R = 0,7; p = 0,005). Se constataron un total de 40659 Palabras Clave (PC), media de 13,6 PC por documento. La PC más utilizada fue Human, usada 2411 (5,9%) veces.
Conclusiones: Teniendo en cuenta todo lo mencionado previamente, se pudo concluir: Este estudio demostró que la investigación en el campo de los PRM han experimentado un crecimiento constante a lo largo de los años, aunque aún no ha alcanzado un crecimiento exponencial. El artículo original fue el tipo de documento más común en la producción científica. Se constató una clara influencia anglosajona, tanto en términos de idioma como de filiación institucional. Se evidenció la falta de uso de un lenguaje estandarizado.
Determinación mediante cromatografía líquida de alto rendimiento y colorimetría de los alcaloides de Hyoscyamus muticus L. subsp falezlez (Coss.) Maire en tres zonas de cosecha del Sahara argelino
Authors: Nassima Elyebdri , Kamar Gaouar , Zitouni Nourine Saida Hanane , Djelouli Marwa , Amiar Amina , Toumi Houari , Dali Yahia Kamel Mustapha
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Hyoscyamus muticus L. subsp falezlez (Coss.) Maire is a Saharan species rich in tropane alkaloids (especially hyoscyamine). Hyoscyamine is raced into atropine, whose interest in pharmacy is considerable.
The objective is to dose Hyoscyamus muticus L. subsp falezlez (Coss.) Maire alkaloids from the stations of Algerian Sahara (Abadla, Adrar, and Tamanrasset), to exploit the data in the valorization of this species as a potential source of industrial production of atropine.
Method: The determination of tropane alkaloids (Hyoscyamine and scopolamine) concerned the whole plant (spontaneous and cultivated) and the various organs and was carried out by colorimetric method and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Results: The colorimetric assay showed that the highest level of alkaloids was observed in the Adrar Sbaa station (2.83 %) in the leaf organ. However, the stem organ showed an average level of alkaloids in all harvesting stations (from 0.5 to 0.98 %).
The HPLC assay confirmed the alkaloid and hyoscyamine richness in all study stations for spontaneous plant and cultivated species. The plant of the two stations (Tamanrasset and Adrar Sbaa) stood out with grades reaching (6.693±0.555 mg/100gDM and 4.707±0.092 mg/100gDM) respectively, and a hyoscyamine rate of (5.765± 0.23 mg/100gDM) for the Tamanrasset station.
Conclusions: At the end of our study and the content of the results obtained on Hyoscyamus muticus subsp falezlez (Coss.) Maire of Algeria, it is imperative to exploit this species as an industrial source of atropine production in Algeria.
Harmonizing Economic Principles, Islamic Values, and Entrepreneurial Attitudes for a Sustainable Environment
Authors: Pandikar Ernandia , Affandi Idrus , Disman Disman , Sundawa Dadang
Published: June 2024

The pressing environmental challenges of climate change, resource depletion, biodiversity loss, and pollution demand integrated solutions combining economic principles, Islamic values, and entrepreneurial attitudes. This study investigates how reorienting economic models to include environmental costs, guided by Islamic principles of stewardship (khalifah), balance (mizan), and justice (adl), can promote sustainability. It highlights the role of entrepreneurial innovation in developing sustainable technologies and business models. A qualitative methodology, including literature review and thematic analysis, aims to develop a conceptual framework that harmonizes these elements. By integrating green accounting, ethical teachings, and social entrepreneurship, this approach provides a comprehensive strategy for achieving a sustainable environment, supported by policy development, education, and community engagement.
The Many Futures of Digital Journalism
Authors: Massey Brian L.
Published: June 2024

This paper challenges conventional narratives about the future of digital journalism. It argues that digital journalism is not a globally uniform practice with a predictable universal future. Instead, it has many possibility-futures owing to the cultural diversity of the news outlets that engage it and the contexts in which it is engaged. To develop that argument, the paper locates digital journalism as the latest waypoint in humankind’s long quest to send messages ever farther and ever faster. Next, digital journalism is decentered through interdisciplinary theory into a novel framework for forecasting the futures of digital journalism as a diverse global phenomenon. Keywords: Digital journalism, digital journalism diversity, digital journalism futures, global digital journalism
Lets Talk About Cat
Authors: farhan farhan
Published: June 2024

about cat
Confessional policy of the Ottoman Empire in relation to religious minoritiesin sources and research
Authors: Kolesnikov Ilya , Kasparyan Konstantin , Shavlokhova Elena , Nezhigay Eleonora
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the reflection of the confessional policy of the Ottoman authorities in relation to religious minorities in the 14th - early 20th centuries in the source study and historiography. The article comprehends such types of sources as normative acts of the Ottoman state and memoirs of eyewitnesses, and also investigates the reasons of cardinal differences in the methodology of domestic and foreign specialists authors of works on the considered scientific problematics.
The Red Army in Iran: between Iranian nationalism and Kurdish separatism (1941—1946)
Authors: Orishev Aleksandr , Magomedkhanov Viktor , Mamedov Azer , Kortunov Vadim , Kotusov Dmitry
Published: June 2024

The artic1e is devoted to the events of the Second Wor1d War in Iran, when the troops of the Anti-Hit1er Coa1ition were brought into the country in order to organize mi1itary supp1ies under 1end-1ease. The purpose of the artic1e is to show the ro1e of the Soviet command in the sett1ement of conflicts that arose between the Persians and the Kurds during the stay of the Red Army in Iran. The authors show Iranian Kurdistan as a unique contact zone in which, with the mediation of the Soviet mi1itary administration, intercu1tura1 communication was estab1ished between the Persians (the titu1ar nation in Iran) and the Kurds (a nationa1 minority). The activity of the Soviet mi1itary command is shown as a factor in the frontier deve1opment of Iranian Kurdistan during the Second Wor1d War. It is proved that the stay of the Red Army so1diers on the territory of Iran cannot be ca11ed an occupation either by the norms of internationa1 1aw or by the nature of the behavior of the Soviet troops.
Studying the period of elimination of florfenicol and its metabolites from the body of pigs after using the medicine “Floriprem 40”
Authors:   Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Balyshev A.V. , Violin B.V. ,   Federal Scientific Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K.I. Scriabin and Y.R. Kovalenko of Russian Academy of Sciences, Abramov S.V. ,   LLC "BIOVIZOR", Golovin V.V. ,   LLC "BIOVIZOR", Kochetkov P.P. ,   LLC "BIOVIZOR"
Published: June 2024

Purpose. Determination of the period of elimination of residual amounts of florfenicol and its metabolites in the form of florfenicolamine from the organs and tissues of pigs after the use of the veterinary drug "Floriprem 40". Materials and Methods. The study of the period of elimination of residual amounts of the active substance of the drug was carried out on the basis of a pig-breeding complex in the Kaluga region. For research work, 21 animals (20 experimental, 1 control) were used at the age of 86 days with a body weight of 44-49 kg. The drug was given to piglets during 7 days in a group method in a mixture with compound feed at a dose of 5 kg of the drug per 1 ton of feed. The slaughter of animals (5 animals per term) was carried out 8, 12, 14, 16 days after the last administration of the drug. Samples of muscle tissue (right thigh), liver, kidneys and skin with subcutaneous and fatty cellulose were collected from each animal in individual bags. The content of florfenicol and its metabolites in the form of florfenicolamine in extracts of samples of organs and tissues of piglets was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography; residual amounts of florfenicol in organs and tissues of animals were determined using acid hydrolysis. The study was carried out using a Shimadzu LCMS-8050 chromatography-mass spectrometry system (Japan). Data analysis and processing were carried out using the Shimadzu LabSolutions software package (Realtime Analysis, Postrun Analysis, Quant Browser) v.5.99 SP2 (Japan). Results. The results of a study of the dynamics of excretion of residual amounts of florfenicol and its metabolites from organs and tissues of pigs showed that florfenicolamine accumulates mainly in the liver and kidneys; insignificant levels of florfenicolamine were found in the muscles of pigs. The data obtained indicate a high degree of adsorption of the active substance of the test drug into the organs and tissues of pigs and a long-term presence in the body. Florfenicol and its metabolites were not detected in skin tissues with subcutaneous fat of pigs. An assessment of the elimination time of florfenicol and its metabolites from the body of pigs, carried out using the WT1.4 program, showed that the elimination period of the active substance is: in the muscles – 5 days, in the liver – 14 days, in the kidneys – 10 days. Conclusion. Consumption of animal products obtained after a course of oral administration of the drug "Floriprem 40" in pigs does not pose a danger to human health 14 days after the end of the drug.
Disabled students’ use of generative AI in Higher Education
Authors: Zhao Xin , Cox Andrew , Chen Xuanning
Published: June 2024

The use of generative AI is controversial in education largely because of its potential impact on academic integrity. Yet some scholars have suggested it could be particularly beneficial for disabled students to support their academic writing. To date there has been no empirical research to discover how disabled students use generative AI. Informed by a prior interview study and AI-literacy model, we surveyed students regarding their use of generative AI, and gained 124 valid responses from disabled students. We identified primary conditions affecting writing as ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, and autism. The main AI tools used are generative AI chatbots, particularly ChatGPT, and rewriting applications. Key concerns disabled students have include the inaccuracy of AI answers, risks to academic integrity, and subscription cost barriers. Students expressed a strong desire to participate in AI policymaking and for universities to provide generative AI training. The paper concludes with recommendations to address educational disparities and foster inclusivity.
Miłość i perseweratywność w związkach a sukces reprodukcyjny wśród ludzi
Authors: Kocot Bartosz
Published: June 2024

Miłość jest czynnikiem, który charakteryzuje relacje w związkach międzyludzkich. Ma ona niebagatelny wpływ na długość i jakość takich związków. Przeprowadzono na jej temat wiele badań w różnych częściach świata, a jednym z nich było badanie związku miłości z liczbą potomstwa w plemieniu Hadza w Tanzanii (Sorokowski i inni, 2017). Udowodniło ono, że istnieją zależności między tymi właśnie zmiennymi. Moje badanie przeprowadziłem w celu sprawdzenia, czy podobnie sytuacja prezentuje się w Polsce, dodając przy tym zmienną perseweratywności, zgodnie z Regulacyjną Teorią Temperamentu wg J. Strelaua. Przebadane zostały 42 osoby z Jeleniej Góry i okolic przy wykorzystaniu Kwestionariusza Trójczynnikowej Teorii Miłości Sternberga i Formalnej Charakterystyki Zachowania M. Cieciury, B. Zawadzkiego oraz J. Strelaua. Nie udało się wykazać istotnych korelacji między perseweratywnością a sukcesem reprodukcyjnym oraz miłością w związkach. Brak istotnej korelacji mogą warunkować mała próba badawcza lub także różnice na tle kulturowym. W przyszłości warto byłoby skupić się na badaniu innych zmiennych, np. jakości z życia bądź innych wymiarów temperamentu wg koncepcji J. Strelaua, a także można przeprowadzać je na większej próbie, do tego w innym otoczeniu kulturowym.
Target Mechanisms of Mindfulness-Based Programmes and Practices: A Scoping Review [In Press]
Authors: Maloney Shannon , Kuyken Willem , Montero-Marin Jesus , Kock Merle , Slaghekke Yasmijn , Radley Lucy , Lopez-Montoyo Alba
Published: June 2024

Question: Mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) and practices have demonstrated effects in mental health and well-being, yet questions regarding the target mechanisms that drive change across the population remain unresolved. Study selection and analysis: Five databases were searched for RCTs that evaluate the indirect effects (IEs) of an MBP or mindfulness practice in relation to mental health and well-being outcomes through psychological mechanisms. Findings: 27 eligible studies were identified, with only four exploring mechanisms in the context of specific mindfulness practices. Significant IEs were reported for mindfulness skills, decentering, and attitudes of mindfulness (e.g., self-compassion) across different outcomes, population samples, mental health strategies, and active comparators. Evidence gap maps and requirements for testing and reporting IEs are provided to help guide future work. Conclusions: Mindfulness skills, decentering, and attitudes of mindfulness may be key intervention targets for addressing the mental health of whole populations. However, future work needs to address significant knowledge gaps regarding the evidence for alternative mechanisms (e.g., attention and awareness) in relation to unique outcomes (e.g., well-being), mental health strategies (i.e., promotion), and active comparators. High-quality trials, with powered multivariate mediation analyses that meet key requirements, will be needed to advance this area of work.
The sensitivity of lowermost mantle anisotropy to past mantle convection
Authors: Ward James , Walker Andrew , Nowacki Andy , Panton James , Davies J.
Published: June 2024

It is widely believed that seismic anisotropy in the lowermost mantle is caused by the flow-induced alignment of anisotropic crystals such as post-perovskite. What is unclear, however, is whether the anisotropy observations in the lowermost mantle hold information about past mantle flow, or if they only inform us about the present-day flow field. To investigate this, we compare the general and seismic anisotropy calculated using Earth-like mantle convection models where one has a time-varying flow, and another where the present-day flow is constant throughout time. To do this, we track a post-perovskite polycrystal through the flow fields and calculate texture development using the sampled strain rate and the visco-plastic self-consistent approach. As texture development also depends on the slip systems assumed, we compare the results of the flow fields under three ease-of-texturing slip system test cases. We compare the radial anisotropy parameters and the anisotropic components of the elastic tensors produced by the flow field test cases at the same location. We find, under all ease-of-texturing cases, the radial anisotropy is very similar (difference < 2%) in the majority of locations and in some regions, the difference can be very large (> 10%). The same is true when comparing the elastic tensors directly. Varying the ease-of-texture development in the crystal aggregate suggests that easier-to-texture material may hold a stronger signal from past flow than harder-to-texture material. Our results imply that broad-scale observations of seismic anisotropy such as those from seismic tomography, 1-D estimates and normal mode observations, will be mainly sensitive to present-day flow. Shear-wave splitting measurements, however, could hold information about past mantle flow. In general, mantle memory expressed in anisotropy may be dependent on path length in the post-perovskite stability field. Our work implies that, as knowledge of the exact causative mechanism of lowermost mantle anisotropy develops, we may be able to constrain both present-day and past mantle convection.
Motivated by Mutability: The Role of Status Mutability in Voicing Behaviors
Authors: Osborne Merrick Robinson , Choi Andrew , Martinez Samantha
Published: June 2024

For employees, expressing their voice may be a tactic for gaining status (i.e., respect or admiration) as doing so demonstrates their instrumental organizational value (i.e., their ability to contribute to their workgroup’s goals). Yet, previous research suggests that employees will oftentimes remain silent, impeding their ascension in the organization’s status hierarchy – and preventing their group from accessing the benefits of their voice expression. We propose that this may occur when employees believe that demonstrating their potential value by expressing voice will not translate into that value being recognized. Integrating existing research in voice and status attainment, we build on the implications of previous work to develop an undertheorized account for employees’ decision to remain silent: the extent to which they see the status hierarchy as mutable. Across an archival study and two experiments, we find that in immutable hierarchies (relative to mutable hierarchies), employees feel reduced confidence in their ability to gain status and that their voice expressions are more futile. In turn, this reduces their subsequent propensity to express voice. Exploratory analyses reveal that this effect is stronger for low- (versus high-) status people. This research advances a novel antecedent to voicing behaviors – the status hierarchy’s mutability.
Value-modulated attentional capture depends on explicit awareness
Authors: Garre-Frutos Francisco , Lupiáñez Juan , Vadillo Miguel A.
Published: June 2024

Value-modulated attentional capture (VMAC) reflects a process by which a priori neutral stimuli gain attentional priority when associated with reward, independently of goal or stimulus-driven attentional control. Although VMAC has been classically considered an automatic and implicit process, the nature of the underlying learning process remains unclear. For instance, VMAC could be driven by the stimulus predictive value alone (Pavlovian learning) or, alternatively, by the automatization of an instrumental response to the associated stimulus (an attentional habit). Although recent research has demonstrated that it is possible to observe VMAC when the associated stimulus is response-irrelevant, to our knowledge, the role of the informational value of the associated stimulus during learning remains unexplored. In a well-powered replication of a previous study, we found that VMAC disappears when participants are not explicitly informed about the stimulus-reward contingency in the pre-task instructions. In a second experiment, we show that when instructions are manipulated between groups, only the instructed group shows VMAC. Interestingly, although the no-instruction group did not show VMAC at the group level, participants who became aware of the stimulus-reward contingencies did show robust VMAC at the end of the task. Meta-analytic evidence further supports our conclusion by showing that when stimulus-reward contingencies are included in the instructions the effect size of reward-driven distraction increases. Taken collectively, these findings suggest that the learning process behind VMAC may not be entirely implicit.
Dark Infrastructures and Ecological Kinship in the ANThropocene
Authors: Pijpers Kevin
Published: June 2024

This paper argues that Actor-Network Theory (ANT) is deeply rooted in the dynamics of the Anthropocene, and it introduces the concept of dark infrastructures as an ecologically responsible alternative to the network/Anthropocene conundrum. ANT's pragmatist network- ideology promotes a symmetrical politics by tracing the material interactions of hybrid entities in agrilogical fields. In contrast, the intensity of the human-induced ecological crisis tolerates no such symmetries or fields and necessitates the exploration of alternative kinship practices. This paper speculates on ANT and the network as extractive forces of epistemological illumination that colonize unknown ecologies as networks-to-be. It posits that the network’s illumination effects violently disrupt the rhythms of social and material biodiversity. In times of ecological calamity, the concept of dark infrastructures allows for intimate, extra-networked, and dividual relations of kinship in more-than-human worlds.
Algorithms for College Admissions Decision Support: Impacts of Policy Change and Inherent Variability
Authors: Lee Jinsook , Harvey Emma , Zhou Joyce , Garg Nikhil , Joachims Thorsten , Kizilcec René F.
Published: June 2024

Each year, selective American colleges sort through tens of thousands of applications to identify a first-year class that displays both academic merit and diversity. In the 2023-2024 admissions cycle, these colleges faced unprecedented challenges to doing so. First, the number of applications has been steadily growing year-over-year. Second, test-optional policies that have remained in place since the COVID-19 pandemic limit access to key information that has historically been predictive of academic success. Most recently, longstanding debates over affirmative action culminated in the Supreme Court banning race-conscious admissions. Colleges have explored machine learning (ML) models to address the issues of scale and missing test scores, often via ranking algorithms intended to allow human reviewers to focus attention on ‘top’ applicants. However, the Court’s ruling will force changes to these models, which were previously able to consider race as a factor in ranking. There is currently a poor understanding of how these mandated changes will shape applicant ranking algorithms, and, by extension, admitted classes. We seek to address this by quantifying the impact of different admission policies on the applications prioritized for review. We show that removing race data from a previously developed applicant ranking algorithm reduces the diversity of the top-ranked pool of applicants without meaningfully increasing the academic merit of that pool. We contextualize this impact by showing that excluding data on applicant race has a greater impact than excluding other potentially informative variables like intended majors. Finally, we measure the impact of policy change on individuals by comparing the arbitrariness in applicant rank attributable to policy change to the arbitrariness attributable to randomness (i.e., how much an applicant’s rank changes across models that use the same policy but are trained on bootstrapped samples from the same dataset). We find that any given policy has a high degree of arbitrariness (i.e. at most 9% of applicants are consistently ranked in the top 20%), and that removing race data from the ranking algorithm increases arbitrariness in outcomes for most applicants.
Solidarity with or against: Exploring group identification among precarious migrant workers
Authors: Borello Andrea , Hau Mark Friis
Published: June 2024

This article explores migrant workers’ identifications and problematises the concept of solidarity. Based on ethnographic research among migrant workers, we show how migrants primarily build collective identities based on gender, family, and survivalism rather than class. This lack of class-based solidarity complicates the emergence of a collective workers ‘we’. We identify two parallel and related dynamics shaping worker solidarity which we utilize though a conceptual framework that differentiates between ‘solidarity with’ and ‘solidarity against’: Internal group formation, where workers prioritise personal and familial identities over class, crucial for internal solidarity and in-group maintenance; and external group formation, marked by a lack of clear boundaries against external entities and employer dependency, disrupting collective worker unity. We posit that class-based identifications are not merely class-based but a multifaceted identification process of developing solidaric ties with or against in multiple transnational settings.
Urban Living Labs in times of post-pandemic epistemic injustices: a speculative realist revision
Authors: Pijpers Kevin
Published: June 2024

The Urban Living Lab (ULL) is an aspirational device to materialize practices designed around co- production, participation, and transformation in the public arena. It is a research approach that emphasizes short-lived in-situ collaborations purified from the wider ex-situ political and social reality. This approach can strengthen epistemic trust injustices and harms by enforcing an overbearing mode of consensus-seeking participation around dominant epistemic regimes. This paper formulates an alternative, speculative realist approach to the ULL and analyses an ethnographic vignette to explore the intricacies, ambiguities, and disagreements within a post- pandemic ULL-situation in a community playground in Rotterdam South. Through these analyses, this paper takes inventory of matters of care in this stigmatized territory to show how an ULL might be done if it is to generate epistemic justice and social transformation.
Dynamically Asymmetrical Dimensions of Human Love: Super-Holonic Human Development; An Introduction to the Love Value Orientation Model
Authors: Jentner Norman
Published: June 2024

An Integral, Socio-Evolutionary, and Social Value Orientation (SVO) influenced description of holonic, sub-holonic, and super-holonic human development is presented. Published data concerning the pursuit of personal human interests, with and without simultaneous altruism, are examined. A Love Value Orientation Model of human interaction and outcomes is introduced. Humans are unique. Among all biotically embedded holons known to humankind, people possess, by far, the most complex capacities for interior and external perspective-taking and information-processing. Given the ubiquitous presence of people in relation to each and every human affair, the uniquely cardinal role of human consciousness — individual and collective — can be noted in regard to virtually all human interests. The heuristic nature of intuitive human-to-human love consciousness is examined as a common personal interest predisposition, relatively stable across social circumstances yet also a fluid and situation-specific predisposition associated with altruism. The heuristic value of making two key distinctions, in lay or scientific terms, are explored within a context of interest in sustainable prosperity.
Renaissance Humanism and Tragic Heroism in Christopher Marlowe’s The Tragical History of Dr Faustus
Authors: Subedi Shankar
Published: June 2024

This paper purports to explore and analyze the issue of humanism and tragic heroism in Christopher Marlowe’s play Dr. Faustus. The main contention of this article is to show that the play celebrates the spirit of humanism by placing Faustus at the center of the play and focusing on his quest for knowledge and power. Dr. Faustus works outside the framework of moral and religious world view and tries to reach beyond the boundary of normal human limits. He behaves as if he is his own god and pushes himself in the direction of relentless pursuit of knowledge. Though he fails to use his power for the betterment of mankind, his unbridled passion for mastery can be interpreted as a celebrationof spirit of humanism. That he is determined to pursue his goal without any heed to the entreaties of  other people shows his heroic spirit. However, his misuse of power and pathetic condition during the moments of remorse and repentance robs him of the tragic height that befits a true hero. When the period of twenty four years comes to an end he behaves frantically and acts like a coward which tends to compromise his heroic stature. Thus, both his humanism and heroism are compromised.