bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kunnskapsoppsummering og klassifisering av tiltaket: Respekt (2. utg.)
Authors: Stormark Kjell Morten , Mørch Willy-Tore , Martinussen Monica
Published: August 2023

Bakgrunn: Respektprogrammet er et skoleomfattende utviklingsprogram for å forebygge og redusere problematferd hos elever. Programmet beskriver hvordan en skole gjennom en innovasjonsprosess blant skolens ansatte kan utvikle og implementere tiltak basert på programmets fire prinsipp; myndig klasseledelse, at tiltakene gjennomsyrer alle deler av skolens virksomhet (bredde), at de ulike tiltakene samsvarer (konsistens) og at arbeidet følges opp (kontinuitet). Programmet retter seg mot alle skoler, og ble utviklet ved Senter for atferdsforskning (SAF, fra 2013 del av Nasjonalt senter for læringsmiljø og atferdsforskning; Læringsmiljøsenteret) ved Universitetet i Stavanger, som et bidrag til EU programmet Connect 2001. Respekt implementeres for tiden ikke aktivt. Videre utvikling og tilrettelegging av programmet avhenger av myndighetenes prioriteringer.
Metode: Litteratursøk i Mbase, Medline, Psykinfo, NORART, Cochrane, Cristin, NORA, SCOPUS, SweMed ble supplert med fullstendig litteraturliste fra tiltakseier. Totalt syv artikler ble funnet å være relevante, hvorav tre evaluerer effekten av tiltaket basert på resultatene fra to longitudinelle kohort-studier.
Resultater: Respekt er et godt beskrevet tiltak med en god teoretisk begrunnelse og en systematisk implementeringsstrategi. Den forskningsmetodiske kvaliteten på de to effektstudiene er bra, og det ble funnet små til middels store effekter på sentrale utfallsmål basert på svar fra elever og lærere.
Konklusjon: Tiltaket klassifiseres på evidensnivå 4 – Tiltak med tilfredsstillende dokumentasjon på effekt.
Alinhamento estratégico da produção acadêmica de um programa de pós-graduação com auxílio do Balanced Scorecard: o caso do mestrado em Gestão Pública da UFES.
Authors: Pereira Weber Mendonça , Dias Taciana de Lemos , De Oliveira Marilene Olivier Ferreira
Published: August 2023

Diversos critérios têm sido estabelecidos pela Capes para parametrizar a qualidade dos programas de pós-graduação no Brasil, dentre os quais o alinhamento da produção intelectual com o Planejamento estratégico do programa, e o PDI da instituição de ensino. O presente artigo apresenta um alinhamento ainda mais amplo: o alinhamento da produção intelectual com o planejamento estratégico das instituições pesquisadas. Esta inovação tem sido aplicada no Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional em Gestão Pública (PPGGP) da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (Ufes) desde 2018. Entretanto, constatou-se a ausência de procedimentos que apoiassem os discentes e pesquisadores do programa no processo de verificação de alinhamento estratégico. O objetivo geral da pesquisa, portanto, foi descrever um procedimento para apoiar a verificação de alinhamento estratégico do trabalho de conclusão de curso (TCC) de um programa de pós-graduação em gestão pública, com o auxílio da Ferramenta BSC e tendo por base a análise dos mapas estratégicos das instituições pesquisadas pelos egressos de 2020 do PPGGP da Ufes. Os resultados mostraram que as produções possuem alinhamento estratégico com as instituições públicas estudadas, sendo possível sua identificação. Como trabalho futuro propõe-se a aplicação da metodologia para mapear e avaliar o alinhamento estratégico da produção intelectual de outros programas de pós-graduação.
Fluxo de caixa marginal para reequilíbrios econômico-financeiros nas concessões públicas: considerações sobre o surgimento e atuação do controle externo
Authors: Liberal Edilson Gonçales
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo aborda a preferência atual pelo Fluxo de Caixa Marginal como método de cálculo de reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro nas concessões recentes no Brasil, e como este método tem sido tratado pela doutrina, pelos contratos mais recentes e pelo Tribunal de Contas da União; em alternância ao método existente anteriormente de aplicação da Taxa Interna de Retorno ao Plano de Negócios dos concessionários para fins de reequilíbrio econômico-financeiro nestes contratos. Ainda, o ensaio analisa a escolha pelo método do fluxo de caixa marginal tanto para novos investimentos como para eventos passados destes contratos e sua implicação no cálculo do reequilíbrio.
Ecología del movimiento de artrópodos y el control biológico: desde el laboratorio hasta el paisaje
Authors: Álvarez Hugo Alejandro , Clemente-Orta Gemma
Published: August 2023

Los artrópodos conforman una parte importante de la biodiversidad de los ecosistemas terrestres, teniendo un rol clave en las cadenas tróficas, proveyendo de uno de los servicios ecosistémicos más importantes para el ser humano que es el control biológico de plagas. Por tanto, para la ecología es necesario saber dónde están y hacia dónde se dispersan los enemigos naturales en los paisajes agrícolas para proporcionar un control biológico efectivo. La presente revisión bibliográfica tiene por objetivo ofrecer una perspectiva general de conceptos básicos y del estado del arte del estudio del movimiento de los artrópodos y su relación con el control biológico de plagas. Nuestros resultados sugieren que (i) el movimiento de los artrópodos que consumen o parasitan a otros artrópodos resulta crucial para buscar nuevos recursos y escapar de las perturbaciones a nivel espacial y temporal en los hábitats efímeros y/o perturbados pertenecientes a los paisajes agrícolas, moviéndose de manera direccional o bidireccional entre parches en el paisaje. (ii) Tanto el agroecosistema como los hábitats naturales y/o hábitats no agrícolas pueden proporcionar recursos para los enemigos naturales. (iii) Los estudios que relacionan el movimiento de artrópodos y el control biológico se pueden integrar en tres categorías: ensayos de laboratorio, ensayos en campo a nivel local (invernadero, semi-campo y campo abierto) y ensayos en campo a nivel hábitat. No obstante, no se encontraron artículos con metodologías a escala de paisaje. En los estudios encontrados las técnicas que se utilizan son: el (1) rastreo por videocámara y software (ensayos de laboratorio), (2) diferencia en abundancia (cuantificación de la distribución), (3) observación y rastreo, (4) observación y rastreo en encierros (boxes), (5) marcaje y recaptura, (6) automarcaje y captura y (7) captura de marca (ensayos en campo a nivel local y ensayos en campo a nivel hábitat). Además, (iv) hacen falta más trabajos que utilicen metodologías de análisis espacial o ecología del paisaje en el estudio del movimiento de artrópodos y el control biológico. Finalmente, se recomienda que, dada la naturaleza altamente dinámica de los paisajes agrícolas, el movimiento de artrópodos debe integrar diferentes escalas espaciales, así como la heterogeneidad temporal, especificando los mecanismos de perturbación en cada sistema.
Ecología del Movimiento: del análisis individual a la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos
Authors: Ortega Zaida , Arrondo Eneko , Pérez-García Juan Manuel
Published: August 2023

Presentación del monográfico sobre Ecología del Movimiento: del análisis individual a la provisión de servicios ecosistémicos
Various Prognostic Factors in Metastatic Brain Tumours: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Senthilkumar TP Jeyaselva , Madhusuthanan K , Yamunadevi R
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The most common type of intracranial neoplasms seen in neurosurgical practice is metastatic brain tumours. Adults with cancer have an 8-10% lifetime risk of developing symptomatic metastases. Breast cancer and lung cancer are the commonest to give brain metastases. However, the number of reported cases in India is still a portion of the true prevalence of brain metastases. In order to better understand the clinical presentation of brain metastases, their distribution, and other variables that impact their survival, this research was planned and conducted. Aim: To analyse the distribution of metastatic brain tumours, their primary source, characteristics of imaging, the different modalities of treatment and the factors which affect their survival like Karnofsky’s performance score, time interval between diagnosis of primary and metastasis, treatment method adopted. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India during the period from June 2018-May 2021 and included 102 metastatic brain tumour patients with proven biopsy of either of the primary or secondary lesions. Individuals who neither had the main nor the secondary lesion verified by biopsy are excluded. Among these patients, the parameters studied were incidence of various primary tumours, demographic profile, clinical features, imaging characteristics, performance status of the patient, treatment options, patient survival in relation to performance status, pathology, time interval between diagnosis of primary malignancy and the onset of secondary lesions. The results were analysed for the factors which affect survival like nature of systemic disease, source of primary, number of metastatic lesions, treatment methods adopted. Results: The commonest age group involved was 40-69 years (81, 79.41%). Female to male ratio of 4:1 in the age group of less than 40 years and the overall male to female ratio was 1:1.04. Lungs being the commonest primary source (42%) followed by breast and unknown primary. Ring lesion was the commonest appearance of metastasis (51, 50%), followed by cystic lesions (8, 7.84%) and haemorrhagic secondaries (3, 2.94%). Breast primary had a survival rate of 58.3% with better prognosis. Good karnofsky performance score, longer interval between diagnosis of primary and secondaries brain, combining surgery along with radiotherapy were also found to have good prognosis. Conclusion: Metastatic brain tumours are the commonest intracranial tumours. The favourable prognostic factors are the breast primary, younger age patients with good karnofsky’s score. Surgery along with radiation shows promising results than radiation alone even in poor grade patients
Effectiveness of Recorded Video Lectures vs Live Online Lectures as Teaching Tools among Phase 1 Medical StudentsA Prospective Study
Authors: Jeeva Keba , Selvindev Himiki
Published: August 2023

Introduction: During the pandemic, there were a lot of challenges for offline medical education. To overcome those challenges, online teaching methods were introduced for undergraduate medical education. Live online lectures (synchronous teaching) and recorded video lectures (asynchronous teaching) were the two commonly utilised teaching mediums of online education. Aim: To determine the effectiveness of recorded video lectures versus live online lectures and to analyse the students’ perception regarding these two teaching methods. Materials and Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology at Sree Gokulam Medical College and Research Foundation, Venjaramoodu, Trivandrum, Kerala, India. The duration of the study was six months, from March 2021-August 2021. A total of 150 students (97 girls and 53 boys) in two groups of 75 each. were selected as study population and four topics were taught to them. If, one group was taught via live online lecture, the same topic was given as a recorded video to the other group and after three days, an assessment was done. For the second topic, the method of lecture delivery was changed between the groups, while the rest of the methodology is the same. Topics 3 and 4 followed same pattern. Unpaired t-test was done to compare the scores and the data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 18.5 years. The results showed that, the recorded video lectures were equally effective as live online lectures. While analysing the students’ perception, it showed that students, to an extent, preferred recorded lectures to live lectures. Conclusion: The present study concluded that, the recorded video lectures are equally effective as live online lectures as a teaching tool, among phase 1 MBBS students.
Practice of Ocular Hygiene and Risk for Ocular Disorders among Undergraduate Students of Mangaluru, Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Arun MK , Barboza Hezil Reema , Pavithra K , Sreekanth PS
Published: August 2023

Introduction: The eyes are the most precious human organ for the function of vision, expression and beauty. Good vision contributes to improved athletic ability, better driving skills, improved learning, comprehension and better quality of life. Eye helps to participate in occupation, hobbies, and even to perform most everyday tasks. Aim: To assess the practice of ocular hygiene and the risk for ocular disorders among undergraduate students in a selected college in Southern India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Yenepoya Ayurvedic College, Mangaluru, Karnataka, India from October 2021 to September 2022. It was conducted among 178 subjects recruited by convenience sampling technique. Undergraduate students between the age group of 18-24 years were selected as study participants. Students who underwent special training in ocular hygiene were excluded from the study. One time data was collected using demographic proforma, ocular hygiene practice scale and risk assessment checklist for ocular disorders. Participants were required to take 30 minutes to complete the data collection questionnaires. The collected data was coded and transformed into a master data sheet for statistical analysis. Data was analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results of this study showed that 47 (26.4%) of the students had a very good practice and 124 (69.7%) of them had good practice of ocular hygiene. The results of risk assessment for ocular disorders showed that 146 (82%) had low-risk and a very less percentage 3 (1.7%) of them had a high-risk for the development of ocular disorders. There was a significant association between practice scores and demographic characteristics such as age (p-value=0.04) and using eye accessories (p-value=0.03). Conclusion: In this study, there was a negative correlation between practices of ocular hygiene and risk for ocular disorders among undergraduates. Vision impairment and eye conditions are associated with poor quality of life. An initiative can be taken to improve the practice of ocular hygiene to reduce the risks for ocular disorders among undergraduates.
Student Character in the Use of Learning Technology
Authors: Aji Febrian Andika Saptono , Santosa Achadi Budi
Published: August 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to reveal the character of students in the use of learning technology.

Study Design: The research design used a qualitative approach.

Place and Time of Research: SMKN 1 Kebumen Regency, Indonesia from May to June                 2023.

Methodology: Qualitative approach, data sources include some students in grades X, XI, and XII, several teachers, including guidance and counseling teachers, and 1 vice principal for student affairs. Data analysis was carried out interactively, from data collection, data reduction, data presentation, to conclusions.

Results: The study show that in general the character of students is well maintained while using technology in learning activities. Even though there are small cases, students can still maintain moral values, moral feelings, and moral actions, as expected by the family and community environment.
Biofortification: A Promising Solution for Combating Micronutrient Deficiencies and Enhancing Human Health
Authors: Ojha Rahul , Supriya  , Sunitha N. H. , Vijayan Roshni , Kumari Divya , Kumar Vinod , Singh Bal veer
Published: August 2023

Biofortification is a promising strategy aimed at addressing widespread micronutrient deficiencies and improving human health. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as vitamin A, iron, and zinc deficiencies, pose significant public health challenges, particularly in developing countries where access to diverse and nutritious diets is limited. Biofortification involves the breeding or genetic modification of staple food crops to increase their micronutrient content, thereby providing a sustainable and cost-effective solution to tackle these deficiencies.
Evaluation of Performance of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) Genotypes for Growth, Yield & Quality under Prayagraj Agro-climatic Condition
Authors: Kushwaha Nitin Kumar , Bahadur Vijay , Deepanshu  , Kerketta Anita
Published: August 2023

The experiment on evaluation of performance of cowpea genotypes (Vigna unguiculata L.) for growth, yield & quality under Prayagraj agro-climatic condition was conducted at Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, SHUATS, Prayagraj during 2022 in order to standardize the best genotype of Cowpea. Among the all genotype VNRCP-27 (G1) found to be the earliest. The Cowpea genotypes Sheetal (G10) had noticed more yield (556gram) per plant and (17.91 tonnes) per hac. under Prayagraj agro climatic conditions. The above genotype also recorded desirable values for pod parameters like length of pod (86.53 cm), weight of pod (23.07gram), which parameters deciding a better market acceptability. Thus, on the basis of growth characters, flowering behavior, yield characters, pod parameters cowpea genotype Kashi Gouri (G15) and cowpea genotypes Sheetal (G10) were found to be promising. While cowpea genotype VNRCP-27 (G1) found to be the highest T.S.S (5.90) among all genotypes.The highest profit and maximum benefit cost ratio (2.53) was observed in cowpea genotypes Sheetal (G10).
Biological Preparation, Characterization of CaO Nanoparticles from Egg Shell Waste and Insecticidal Activity against Seed Weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. in Maize
Authors: Inbaraj S. , Kannan M. , Boopathi N. Manikanda , Soundararajan R. P. , Rahale C. Sharmila
Published: August 2023

Calcium oxide (CaO) nanoparticles was biologically synthesized by calcinating egg shells from kitchen waste and characterized using SEM, UV-Vis, XRD and FT-IR. Biosynthesized CaO nanoparticles are found to be an effective insecticide against seed weevil, Sitophilus oryzae in maize. The indiscriminate use of already available commercial pesticides has led to develop resistance among the pests and also occurrence of pesticide residues in produce. The SEM study revealed that the particles are granular in shape with a size of 189 nm.  The diffraction peaks of XRD were observed at 2θ = 32.320, 37.48°, 48.40°, 53.96°, 64.18°, 67.52°and exhibited polycrystalline nature.  In the FTIR spectrum, a broad band at 1410 cm-1, a sign of a C-O bond which indicated the association between the oxygen atom of carbonate and the calcium atom. The insecticidal activity of CaO nanoparticles was assessed against S. oryzae by contact toxicity bioassay method. The outcomes of the bioassay studies showed that the lethal dose (LD50) for maize seeds was 72.62 mg/100 g. and within seven days of exposure, 100% death of S. oryzae was attained at a dosage of 240 mg/100 gm of maize seeds. The current study concluded that biosynthesized CaO nanoparticles may be used as an effective management technique to successfully manage the S. oryzae under storage conditions as an alternative to chemical pesticides.
Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on the Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Madhav Mayank , Deepanshu  , Bahadur Vijay
Published: August 2023

The present investigation entitled  Effect of plant growth regulators on the growth, yield and quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Cv. TMTH-234)  was carried out at the Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh during  Kharif  in- 2022-23. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 19 treatments and three replications. Different plant growth regulators (PGRs) (NAA, GA3, and IAA), were used in different combinations and doses. Among the various treatments significant results were showen by T18 (GA3@90ppm + NAA@45ppm) best in terms of plant height (123.93 cm), days to first flowering (42.3 DAT), days to 50% flowering (49.83 DAT), days to the first harvest (85.63 DAT), number of flower cluster per plant (7.87), fruit set per cluster (8.07), polar diameter (63.13 mm), equatorial diameter (63.33 mm) , number of fruit per plant (17.27), individual fruit weight (112.63 g), average weight of 10 fruit (1126.33 g), average fruit yield per plant (1.95 Kg), total yield per plant (5.84 Kg), fruit yield per hectare (216.3 t), TSS (6.07°Brix) and ascorbic acid (20.3 mg/100g).
Effect of Sugar Concentration and Value Addition on Physico-Chemical and Shelf Life of Bael Candy (Aegle marmelos Correa) cv. NB-9
Authors: Venkateshan P. , Prasad V. M. , Singh Ashish
Published: August 2023

The experiment was conducted during year 2022-2023 at the post-harvest laboratory of horticulture department, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Prayagraj to study effect of sugar concentration and value addition on Physico-chemical and sensory evaluation of Bael candy. The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ten treatments replicated thrice. Total number of treatments were ten viz. (T0-Control – Bael flesh 1kg+Sugar 50°Brix increase up to 70°Brix), (T1- Bael flesh 1 kg+Sugar 50°Brix increase up to 70°Brix +Cardamom 0.2%), (T2- Bael flesh 1 kg+Sugar 60°Brix increase up to 70°Brix +Cardamom 0.2%), (T3- Bael flesh 1kg+Sugar 70°Brix maintained 70°Brix + Cardamom 0.2%), (T4- Bael flesh 1 kg+Sugar 50°Brix increase up to 70°Brix + Saffron 0.2%), (T5- Bael flesh 1 kg+Sugar 60°Brix increase up to 70°Brix + Saffron 0.2%), (T6- Bael flesh 1 kg+Sugar 70°Brix maintained 70°Brix +Saffron 0.2%),(T7-Bael flesh 1 kg+Sugar 50°Brix increase up to 70°Brix + Cinnamon 0.2%), (T8- Bael flesh 1kg+Sugar 60°Brix increase up to 70°Brix + Cinnamon 0.2%), (T9- Bael flesh 1 kg+Sugar 70°Brix maintained 70°Brix + Cinnamon 0.2%). The treatment (T6 Bael flesh 1 kg+Sugar 70°Brix maintained 70°Brix +Saffron 0.2%) was found superior in respect of parameters like TSS (°Brix), acidity (%), ascorbic acid (mg/100 g), Physiological Loss in weight of candy, Moisture percentage of Candy, Color score, texture, flavor, taste, overall acceptability. Maximum Mean shelf life of 65.633 days was found in (T6- Bael flesh 1kg+Sugar 70°Brix maintained 70°Brix +Saffron 0.2%).
Phytochemicals and Medicinal Uses of Clitoria ternatea
Authors: Sahu Deepika , Sahu Jitendra Kumar , Kumar Viajy , Tamrakar Samir Kumar
Published: August 2023

The plant Clitoria ternatea, commonly known as 'Butterfly pea,' has a rich history of traditional use in Ayurvedic medicine, where different parts of the plant are utilized to used health concerns like indigestion, constipation, arthritis, skin diseases, liver, and intestinal problems. Beyond its medicinal uses, the flowers of C. ternatea have gained popularity worldwide as ornamental flowers and have been traditionally employed as a natural food colorant. This review paper aims to explore recent advancements in the medicinal uses and study of phytochemicals from C. ternatea flowers, focusing on their potential biological activities. By examining these developments, the paper seeks to provide valuable insights into the therapeutic potential and diverse applications of C. ternatea flowers, opening new avenues for further research in this promising area of study. of phytochemicals from C. ternatea flowers. Clitoria ternatea flower is a promising candidate for functional food applications owing to its wide range of pharmacotherapeutic properties as well as its safety and effectiveness.
Ketamine Infusions for Treatment-Resistant Neuropathic Pruritus
Authors: Kwatra Shawn G. , Kambala Anusha , Cornman Hannah , Reddy Sriya V. , Cohen Steven P.
Published: August 2023

This case report describes a patient in her 50s with a 4-year history of brachioradial pruritus with bilateral pruritus on her upper arms and forearms.
Home Narrowband UV-B Treatment for Psoriasis
Authors: Katz Kenneth A. , Stram Douglas A.
Published: August 2023

This cohort study describes and identifies patient characteristics associated with use of in-office narrowband UV-B (NBUVB) or systemic therapy following home NBUVB machine receipt.
Time-Dependent Changes in Risk of Progression During Use of Bevacizumab for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Takamatsu Shiro , Nakai Hidekatsu , Yamaguchi Ken , Hamanishi Junzo , Mandai Masaki , Matsumura Noriomi
Published: August 2023

Importance

Although bevacizumab has been used in the treatment of ovarian cancer, its optimal use is unknown.

Objective

To investigate time-dependent changes in the outcomes of bevacizumab therapy.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cohort study was conducted using published data from 7 previous randomized phase 3 clinical trials with bevacizumab (ICON7, GOG-0218, BOOST, GOG-0213, OCEANS, AURERIA, and MITO16B) from January 10 to January 31, 2023. From 2 ancillary analyses of the ICON7 trial with individual patient data and tumor gene expression profiles, an ICON7-A cohort was generated comprising 745 cases. From other studies, published Kaplan-Meier curves were graphically analyzed.

Exposures

Bevacizumab treatment vs placebo or no treatment.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Restricted mean survival time and relative risk of progression at a given time point between bevacizumab treatment and control groups.

Results

In the ICON7-A cohort (n = 745), restricted mean survival analysis showed that bevacizumab treatment (n = 384) had significantly better progression-free survival (PFS) than the control (n = 361) before bevacizumab discontinuation (restricted mean survival time ratio, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.05-1.11; P < .001), but had significantly worse PFS after bevacizumab discontinuation (0.79; 95% CI, 0.69-0.90; P < .001), showing rebound. In a post hoc analysis, the rebound was similarly observed both in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) (before, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.09; P < .001; after, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.63-0.98; P = .04) and non-HRD tumors (before, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.15; P < .001; after, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56-0.90; P < .001) of the serous subtype, but not in the nonserous subtype (before, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05-1.18; P < .001; after, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.78-1.15; P = .57). In Kaplan-Meier curve image–based analysis, the trend of rebound effect was consistently observed in the overall ICON7 and GOG-0218 cohorts and their subgroups stratified by prognostic factors, homologous recombination–associated mutations, and chemotherapy sensitivity. In contrast, no such trend was observed in the studies GOG-0213, OCEANS, AURERIA, and MITO16B, in which patients who experienced relapse received bevacizumab until progression.

Conclusions and Relevance

In ovarian cancer, bevacizumab may reduce progression for approximately 1 year after initiation, but discontinuation may increase subsequent progression in the serous subtype regardless of HRD status. The results suggest that in the first-line treatment, bevacizumab may be more beneficial in patients with a shorter prognosis who are less likely to experience the rebound outcome.
Innovations in Surgical Communication—Provide Your Opinion, Don’t Hide It
Authors: Haug Karlie L. , Clapp Justin T. , Schwarze Margaret L.
Published: August 2023

This Viewpoint discusses why surgeons should reveal their initial impressions about surgery so that they can move forward in a space of deliberation to consider whether their inclination makes sense for the patient.
Double trouble: How sectarian and national narcissism relate differently to collective violence beliefs in Lebanon
Authors: Abou‐Ismail Ramzi , Gronfeldt Bjarki , Konur Tamino , Cichocka Aleksandra , Phillips Joseph , Sengupta Nikhil K.
Published: August 2023

Collective narcissism is a belief in ingroup greatness which is contingent on external validation. A lack of research on collective narcissism amongst non‐Western contexts and minority groups remains a challenge for the field. However, here we test two types of collective narcissism (sectarian and national) as differential predictors of two dimensions of collective violence beliefs (against outgroup members and leaders) in a large, diverse, community sample from Lebanon (N = 778). We found that sectarian narcissism (narcissism related to smaller political and religious ingroup identity) predicted support for collective violence against members of different sects, while national narcissism predicted opposition to such collective violence. Neither form of collective narcissism had any significant relationship with collective violence against outgroup leaders. We controlled for both sectarian and national identification and found no significant effects in predicting either one of the two dimensions of collective violence beliefs. In this non‐Western context, in which a coherent national identity is undermined by sectarianism, national narcissism seems to be a progressive motivator for unity and social change, while sectarian narcissism is rather associated with extreme attitudes, such as support for collective violence.
Poly(pentahydropyrimidine)‐Based Hybrid Hydrogel with Synergistic Antibacterial and Pro‐Angiogenic Ability for the Therapy of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Li Wenlong , Chen Haoxiang , Cai Jingfeng , Wang Miao , Zhou Xi , Ren Lei
Published: August 2023

Bacterial infection and impaired angiogenesis make the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) extremely challenging. Cationic polymers are expected to treat infected wounds due to their excellent antibacterial properties, but still, it is difficult to meet the therapeutic needs of pro‐angiogenesis and anti‐infections due to their simple construction units and outmoded synthesis methods. Herein, a cationic poly(pentahydropyrimidine) (PPHP) library with strong modifiability is synthesized to construct a hybrid hydrogel with synergistic therapeutic effects for the treatment of infected DFUs. It is found that the as‐synthesized hybrid hydrogel can up‐regulate angiogenesis‐related gene (HIF‐1, VEGF, and bFGFR/bFGF) expression and targeted disruption of bacterial cell membranes, which finally promotes the healing of infected DFU (wound healing rate: 92%) within 10 days. This hydrogel, thus, holds great promise in developing new strategies to significantly enhance the treatment of DFU and other bacterial‐infected pathological diagnoses.
Unidirectional Neuromorphic Resistive Memory Integrated with Piezoelectric Nanogenerator for Self‐Power Electronics
Authors: Khan Muhammad Umair , Abbas Yawar , Rezeq Moh'd , Alazzam Anas , Mohammad Baker
Published: August 2023

This study presents a method to enhance data processing by integrating a unidirectional analogue artificial neuromorphic memristor device with a piezoelectric nanogenerator, taking inspiration from biological information processing. A self‐powered unidirectional neuromorphic resistive memory device is proposed, comprising an ITO/ZnO/Yb2O3/Au structure combined with a high‐sensitivity piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) ITO/ZnO/Al. The memristor device is operated at a voltage sweep of ±4 V with a low operating current in a range of 1.4 µA. The filament formation is studied using a conductive mode atomic force microscope. The integration enables the creation of a self‐powered artificial sensing system that converts mechanical stimuli from the PENG into electrical signals, which are subsequently processed by analogue unidirectional neuromorphic device to mimic the functionality of a neuron without requiring additional circuitry. This emulation encompasses crucial functions such as potentiation, depression, and synaptic plasticity. Furthermore, this study highlights the potential for hardware implementations of neural networks with a weight change of memristor device with nonlinearity (NL) of potentiation and depression of 1.94 and 0.89, respectively, with an accuracy of 93%. The outcomes of this research contribute to the progress of next‐generation low‐power, self‐powered unidirectional neuromorphic perception networks with correlated learning and trainable memory capabilities.
Gelation of Uniform Interfacial Diffusant in Embedded 3D Printing
Authors: Shin Sungchul , Brunel Lucia G. , Cai Betty , Kilian David , Roth Julien G. , Seymour Alexis J. , Heilshorn Sarah C.
Published: August 2023

While the human body has many different examples of perfusable structures with complex geometries, biofabrication methods to replicate this complexity are still lacking. Specifically, the fabrication of self‐supporting, branched networks with multiple channel diameters is particularly challenging. Herein, the Gelation of Uniform Interfacial Diffusant in Embedded 3D Printing (GUIDE‐3DP) approach for constructing perfusable networks of interconnected channels with precise control over branching geometries and vessel sizes is presented. To achieve user‐specified channel dimensions, this technique leverages the predictable diffusion of cross‐linking reaction‐initiators released from sacrificial inks printed within a hydrogel precursor. The versatility of GUIDE‐3DP to be adapted for use with diverse physicochemical cross‐linking mechanisms is demonstrated by designing seven printable material systems. Importantly, GUIDE‐3DP allows for the independent tunability of both the inner and outer diameters of the printed channels and the ability to fabricate seamless junctions at branch points. This 3D bioprinting platform is uniquely suited for fabricating lumenized structures with complex shapes characteristic of multiple hollow vessels throughout the body. As an exemplary application, the fabrication of vasculature‐like networks lined with endothelial cells is demonstrated. GUIDE‐3DP represents an important advance toward the fabrication of self‐supporting, physiologically relevant networks with intricate and perfusable geometries.
Black Phosphorus as a Targeting PPAR‐γ Agonist to Reverse Chemoresistance in Patient‐derived Organoids, Mice, and Pancreatic Tumor Cells
Authors: Jiang Shengwei , Liu Weihan , Shi Dan , Cheng Huan , Deng Tingwei , Chen Guoyong , Ma Li , Zhang Xianbin , Gong Peng
Published: August 2023

Black phosphorus (BP) exhibits significant potential for clinical applications. However, further research is necessary to uncover the unknown biological functions of BP and broaden its applications across various fields. This study investigates the potential of BP as a targeting PPAR‐γ agonist to overcome chemoresistance in the treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) using 2D and 3D cell lines, patient‐derived organoids (PDOs), and mouse models. RNA‐sequencing analysis shows that BP treatment enriches differentially expressed genes in the PPAR pathway, and molecular modeling predicts the potential docking site between BP and PPAR‐γ. Transcriptional activity assays are further to verify the activation of PPAR‐γ. BP‐activated PPAR‐γ inhibits cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and expression of biomarkers such as CD44 and c‐Myc, which are involved in chemoresistance. Notably, CD44 overexpression in tumor cells renders them susceptible to BP while insensitive to gemcitabine. This indicates that BP preferentially targets stem‐like cells, which exhibit heightened resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. A combination treatment strategy involving BP and gemcitabine is developed, demonstrating enhanced treatment efficacy of PAAD in both in vitro and in vivo models. Thus, BP serves as a PPAR‐γ agonist capable of reversing chemoresistance, establishing it as a potent anti‐tumor approach for the treatment of PAAD.
A Strong Adhesive Biological Hydrogel for Colon Leakage Repair and Abdominal Adhesion Prevention
Authors: Mao Qijiang , Huang Zhengze , Zhang Yiyin , Chen Qi , Jiang Kexin , Hong Yi , Ouyang Hongwei , Liang Yuelong
Published: August 2023

Colon leakage is one of the most severe complications in abdominal trauma or surgery cases. It can lead to severe abdominal infection and abdominal adhesions, resulting in prolonged hospital stays and increased mortality. In this study, a photosensitive hydrogel is proposed, which can swiftly form a strong adhesion coating on the damaged colon after UV irradiation, to realize quick cure and suture‐free repair of colon leakage. The newly developed biological gel consists of hyaluronic acid methacryloyl (HAMA) and hyaluronic acid o‐nitroso benzaldehyde (HANB) in the optimal ratio of 3: 1, which exerts both the rapid photocuring properties of HAMA and the strong tissue adhesion properties of HANB. HAMA/HANB shows excellent adhesion stability on wet surfaces, presenting controllable mechanical properties, ductility, adhesion stability, and chemical stability; it also evades foreign body response, which relieves the degree of abdominal adhesion. The underlying mechanism for HAMA/HANB promoting wound healing in colon leakage involves the reconstruction of the colon barrier, as well as the regulation of the immune reaction and neovascularization. In all, HAMA/HANB is a promising alternative suture‐free approach for repairing colon leakage; it has a reliable healing effect and is expected to be extended to clinical application for other organ injuries.
Implantable Nerve Conduit Made of a Self‐Powered Microneedle Patch for Sciatic Nerve Repair
Authors: Zhang Xiangli , Ma Yuanya , Chen Ziyan , Jiang Hong , Fan Zengjie
Published: August 2023

Peripheral nerve defects, particularly those of a larger size, pose a significant challenge in clinical practice due to their limited regenerative capacity. To tackle this challenge, an advanced self‐powered enzyme‐linked microneedle (MN) nerve conduit is designed and fabricated. This innovative conduit is composed of anodic and cathodic MN arrays, which contain glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) encapsulated in ZIF‐8 nanoparticles, respectively. Through an enzymatic cascade reaction, this MN nerve conduit generates microcurrents that stimulate the regeneration of muscles, blood vessels, and nerve fibers innervated by the sciatic nerve, eventually accelerating the repair of sciatic nerve injury. It is clear that this self‐powered MN nerve conduit will revolutionize traditional treatment methods for sciatic nerve injury and find widespread application in the field of nerve tissue repair.
Reshaping Zinc Plating/Stripping Behavior by Interfacial Water Bonding for High‐Utilization‐Rate Zinc Batteries
Authors: Yang Xin , Zhang Ziyi , Wu Meiling , Guo Zai‐Ping , Zheng Zi‐Jian
Published: August 2023

Aqueous zinc batteries have emerged as promising energy storage devices; however, severe parasitic reactions lead to the exacerbated production of Zn dendrites that decrease the utilization rate of Zn anodes. Decreasing the electrolyte content and regulating the water activity are efficient means to address these issues. Herein, this work shows that limiting the aqueous electrolyte and bonding water to bacterial cellulose (BC) can suppress side reactions and regulate stable Zn plating/stripping. This approach makes it possible to use less electrolyte and limited Zn foil. A symmetric Zn cell assembles with the hydrogel electrolyte with limited electrolyte (electrolyte‐to‐capacity ratio E/C = 1.0 g (Ah)−1) cycled stably at a current density of 6.5 mA cm−2 and achieved a capacity of 6.5 mA h cm−2 and depth of discharge of 85%. Full cells with the BC hydrogel electrolyte delivers a discharge capacity of 212 mA h cm−2 and shows a capacity retention of 83% after 1000 cycles at 5 A g−1. This work offers new fundamental insights into the effect of restricting water to reshape the Zn plating/stripping process and provides a route for designing novel hydrogel electrolytes to better stabilize and efficiently utilize the Zn anodes.
Soft–Rigid Heterostructures with Functional Cation Vacancies for Fast‐Charging and High‐Capacity Sodium Storage
Authors: Su Yu , Johannessen Bernt , Zhang Shilin , Chen Ziru , Gu Qinfen , Li Guanjie , Yan Hong , Li Jia‐Yang , Hu Hai‐Yan , Zhu Yan‐Fang , Xu Sailong , Liu Huakun , Dou Shixue , Xiao Yao
Published: August 2023

Optimizing charge transfer and alleviating volume expansion in electrode materials are critical to maximize electrochemical performance for energy‐storage systems. Herein, an atomically thin soft–rigid Co9S8@MoS2 core–shell heterostructure with dual cation vacancies at the atomic interface is constructed as a promising anode for high‐performance sodium‐ion batteries. The dual cation vacancies involving VCo and VMo in the heterostructure and the soft MoS2 shell afford ionic pathways for rapid charge transfer, as well as the rigid Co9S8 core acting as the dominant active component and resisting structural deformation during charge–discharge. Electrochemical testing and theoretical calculations demonstrate both excellent Na+‐transfer kinetics and pseudocapacitive behavior. Consequently, the soft–rigid heterostructure delivers extraordinary sodium‐storage performance (389.7 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles at 5.0 A g−1), superior to those of the single‐phase counterparts: the assembled Na3V2(PO4)3||d‐Co9S8@MoS2/S‐Gr full cell achieves an energy density of 235.5 Wh kg−1 at 0.5 C. This finding opens up a unique strategy of soft–rigid heterostructure and broadens the horizons of material design in energy storage and conversion.
Deep Learning Enhanced Volumetric Photoacoustic Imaging of Vasculature in Human
Authors: Zheng Wenhan , Zhang Huijuan , Huang Chuqin , Shijo Varun , Xu Chenhan , Xu Wenyao , Xia Jun
Published: August 2023

The development of high‐performance imaging processing algorithms is a core area of photoacoustic tomography. While various deep learning based image processing techniques have been developed in the area, their applications in 3D imaging are still limited due to challenges in computational cost and memory allocation. To address those limitations, this work implements a 3D fully‐dense (3DFD) U‐net to linear array based photoacoustic tomography and utilizes volumetric simulation and mixed precision training to increase efficiency and training size. Through numerical simulation, phantom imaging, and in vivo experiments, this work demonstrates that the trained network restores the true object size, reduces the noise level and artifacts, improves the contrast at deep regions, and reveals vessels subject to limited view distortion. With these enhancements, 3DFD U‐net successfully produces clear 3D vascular images of the palm, arms, breasts, and feet of human subjects. These enhanced vascular images offer improved capabilities for biometric identification, foot ulcer evaluation, and breast cancer imaging. These results indicate that the new algorithm will have a significant impact on preclinical and clinical photoacoustic tomography.
Self‐Powered Perovskite Photodetector Arrays with Asymmetric Contacts for Imaging Applications
Authors: Lin Lu , Liu Ying , Wu Wenqiang , Huang Lulu , Zhu Xiaoli , Xie Yunfei , Liu Huawei , Zheng Biyuan , Liang Jieyuan , Sun Xingxia , Zhu Chenguang , Wu Guangcheng , Shuai Qin , Huang Zhuorui , Wang Tinghao , Li Dong , Pan Anlian
Published: August 2023

Designing photodetectors (PDs) with fast response and low power consumption is important for the realization of photoelectric conversion in photoelectric integrated systems. The emerging metal halide perovskite is proven to be a promising material for PD array devices due to its excellent photoelectric performance and large‐area production. However, the array integration of self‐powered perovskite PDs still faces challenges due to the incompatibility between perovskite and micro‐nano processing, hindering practical applications. Here, a perovskite‐compatible device fabrication process is reported for the construction of a perovskite PD array (10 × 10 pixels) with asymmetric contacts, enabling self‐powered photodetection and high‐performance imaging applications. Au and ITO/ZnO electrodes are deposited on the substrate in sequence as the asymmetric contacts. Patterned CH3NH3PbI3 films with uniform and pinhole‐free morphology are then synthesized by a photolithography‐assisted vapor–solution fabrication method as the photosensitive material. The introduction of asymmetric electrodes enables the easy collection of holes at the Au electrode side and electrons at the ITO/ZnO electrode side with light irradiation, resulting in self‐powered photodetection performance. Moreover, the PD array exhibits a uniform distribution of light response and is successfully demonstrated for light imaging. This work opens up a new avenue to develop large‐scale high‐performance perovskite optoelectronic devices with low power consumption.
Universal Approach for Calibrating Large‐Scale Electronic and Photonic Crossbar Arrays
Authors: Fan Jichao , Tang Yingheng , Gao Weilu
Published: August 2023

Analog electronic and photonic crossbar arrays have been emerging as energy‐efficient hardware implementations to accelerate computationally intensive general matrix–vector and matrix–matrix multiplications in machine learning (ML) algorithms. However, the inevitable nonuniformity in large‐scale electronic and optoelectronic devices and systems prevents scalable deployment. Herein, a calibration approach is reported that enables accurate calculations in crossbar arrays despite hardware imperfections. This approach is experimentally validated in a small‐scale free‐space photonic crossbar array based on cascaded spatial light modulators and demonstrated the scalability and universality of this approach in various large‐scale electronic and photonic crossbar arrays. The improved performance of calibrated crossbar arrays in an ML model inference is further demonstrated to classify handwritten digital images.
Interference in Quantum Field Theory: Detecting Ghosts with Phases
Authors: Marletto Chiara , Vedral Vlatko
Published: August 2023

This study discusses the implications of the principle of locality for interference in quantum field theory. As an example, it considers the interaction of two charges via a mediating quantum field and the resulting interference pattern in the Lorenz gauge. Using the Heisenberg picture, it is proposed that detecting relative phases or entanglement between two charges in an interference experiment is equivalent to accessing empirically the gauge degrees of freedom associated with the so‐called ghost (scalar) modes of the field in the Lorenz gauge. These results imply that ghost modes are measurable and hence physically relevant, contrary to what is usually thought. They also raise interesting questions about the relation between the principle of locality and the principle of gauge‐invariance. This analysis also applies to linearized quantum gravity in the harmonic gauge, and hence has implications for the recently proposed entanglement‐based witnesses of non‐classicality in gravity.
Photocatalyzed Borylcyclopropanation of Alkenes with a (Diborylmethyl)iodide Reagent
Authors: Hu Jiefeng , Tang Man , Wang Jing , Wu Zhu , Friedrich Alexandra , Marder Todd B.
Published: August 2023

Cyclopropane skeletons play a prominent role in the development of organic synthesis and pharmaceutical chemistry. Herein, we report the design and synthesis of a stable, multifunctional (diborylmethyl)iodide reagent (CHI(Bpin)2) for the photoinduced cyclopropanation of alkenes, providing an array of 1,2‐substituted cyclopropylboronates in good yields. This α‐haloboronic ester can be readily synthesized on a multigram scale from commercially available starting materials. Furthermore, the protocol displays high chemo‐ and diastereoselectivity, excellent functional‐group tolerance, and allows for late‐stage borylcyclopropanation of complex molecules. Mechanistic studies reveal that the borylcyclopropanation proceeds through a radical addition/polar cyclization pathway mediated by the photocatalyst fac‐Ir(ppy)3 and visible light.