bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of hydrologically critical subbasins under climate change
Authors: Gaur Shishir , Kumar Ranveer , Ohri Anurag , Mishra Shreyansh , Gond Ajeet Kumar , Dwivedi Shyam Bihari , Jha Medha , Chaturvedi Abhyanand , Singh Bhola Nath
Published: April 2023

This study aims to evaluate the impact of climate change on the surface water hydrology of the Gopad river basin in India. The outputs of four CMIP6 Global Climate Models have been downscaled using the statistical downscaling method to the basin level. A comparative analysis for the accuracy achieved in the bias correction for the combination of GCM and downscaling method has been performed before utilising the downscaled weather parameters for hydrological study. The MIROC6 and ACCESS-CM2 were found best for the simulation of precipitation and temperature, respectively. The Distribution Mapping and Variance Scaling methods have shown better accuracy w.r.t other statistical methods. The impact of climate change has been found significant since the temperature has been observed to be increased by 3.16 °C by the end of 2060; meanwhile, there is an average decrease of 9.2% in the annual rainfall from the baseline. The peak runoff has increased while there is a significant decrease in the groundwater recharge. Further, hydrologically critical subbasins (HCS) have been delineated based on the runoff, groundwater recharge, and baseflow. Most HCS was observed to be situated in the upper Gopad river basin, representing the area's pristine conditions.

HIGHLIGHTS

The ACCESS-CM2 and MIROC6 are more accurate for the study area. The Variance Scaling and Distribution Mapping methods have shown better accuracy than others. A rise in average temperature has been observed, while there is a decrease in annual rainfall from the baseline. The area with less human intervention has proven to be hydrologically critical for the Gopad river basin.
Streamflow forecasting for the Hunza river basin using ANN, RNN, and ANFIS models
Authors: Khan Mehran , Khan Afed Ullah , Khan Jehanzeb , Khan Sunaid , Haleem Kashif , Khan Fayaz Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Streamflow forecasting is essential for planning, designing, and managing watershed systems. This research study investigates the use of artificial neural networks (ANN), recurrent neural networks (RNN), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) for monthly streamflow forecasting in the Hunza River Basin of Pakistan. Different models were developed using precipitation, temperature, and discharge data. Two statistical performance indicators, i.e., root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of determination (R2), were used to assess the performance of machine learning techniques. Based on these performance indicators, the ANN model predicts monthly streamflow more accurately than the RNN and ANFIS models. To assess the performance of the ANN model, three architectures were used, namely 2-1-1, 2-2-1, and 2-3-1. The ANN architecture with a 2-3-1 configuration had higher R2 values of 0.9522 and 0.96998 for the training and testing phases, respectively. For each RNN architecture, three transfer functions were used, namely Tan-sig, Log-sig, and Purelin. The architecture with a 2-1-1 configuration based on tan-sig transfer function performed well in terms of R2 values, which were 0.7838 and 0.8439 for the training and testing phases, respectively. For the ANFIS model, the R2 values were 0.7023 and 0.7538 for both the training and testing phases, respectively. Overall, the findings suggest that the ANN model with a 2-3-1 architecture is the most effective for predicting monthly streamflow in the Hunza River Basin. This research can be helpful for planning, designing, and managing watershed systems, particularly in regions where streamflow forecasting is crucial for effective water resource management.
Assessing the characteristics of different-sized particles in the first flush of roof runoff
Authors: Zhang Wei , Qu Peizhen , Sun Huichao , Che Wu
Published: April 2023

The first flush occurs during urban runoff events. In this study, we aimed to assess the characteristics of different-sized particles in the first flush of roof runoff, and runoff was collected from an asphalt roof (AR), metal roof (MR), and cement roof (CR) for analysis. There were no clear patterns in the particle size distributions in the runoff from the three roofs and were affected by several factors. The strength of the first flushes differed significantly for particles in different size categories in AR, MR, and CR runoff and were very different from suspended solids (SS). The comparison showed that it would be possible to meet the SS control design expectation required by the Chinese national standard for runoff pollution control (VFF = 3 mm) for particles <45 μm but not for particles >45 μm. The methods presented provide an alternative for assessing the ability to control the transport of different-sized particles in runoff.
Evaluation of ultrasound examination informativity in diagnosing retinoblastoma
Authors: Artemenko Yu. V. , Panferova T. R. , Ushakova T. L. , Mikhailova E. V.
Published: April 2023

The aim of this work is to evaluate the informativity of the ultrasound (US) in detecting retinoblastoma (RB) and the local invasion of the tumor in children using modern multi-purpose ultrasound scanners.

Materials and methods. This study included 108 patients (216 eyes) examined for suspected RB. RB was diagnosed in 91 patients, 60 children had unilateral tumor, 31 – bilateral tumor (122 eyes). In the remaining 17 children (20 eyes damaged), different non-tumor pathology of the eye was revealed. Among 122 eyes affected by RB, 51 were removed with subsequent histological examination. 27 eyes were removed before treatment, 24 – after chemotherapy.

Results. In our study the informativity of ultrasound in detecting RB are: sensitivity – 98.4 %, specificity – 96.8 %, accuracy – 97.7 %. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in assessing tumor invasion to the anterior segment of the eye are 36.4 %, 95.0 % and 82.4 % respectively, to the vitreous body – 97.7 %, 100 % and 97.9 %, to the optic nerve – 54.5 %, 57.1 % and 54.9 %.

Conclusion. US examination using linear transducers of 9–18 MHz is highly informative in detecting RB, however, some indicators of the effectiveness in assessing local invasion are not high enough, due to the technical possibilities of the method. One possible way to improve the informativity – to use deep sedation during US examination.
Acne disease in germ cell tumors. A brief review of the literature and a description of our own clinical observation
Authors: Martynov D. V. , Belysheva Т. S. , Valiev Т. Т. , Kapkova O. A. , Sharapova E. V. , Prokofyev A.  A. , Vishnevskaya Ya. V. , Mikhailova E. V. , Panferova T. R. , Varfolomeeva S. R.
Published: April 2023

malignant neoplasms (MNP). The frequency of PNS in MNP ranges from 1 to 20 % according to different authors. One of the manifestations of PNS is acne, which occurs against the background of malignant neoplasm due to hormonal disorders.

The presented article describes a clinical case of a patient with a mixed germ cell tumor and metastases in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. The germ cell tumor produced human beta-chorionic gonadotropin, which led to the development of acne as a PNS.

Antitumor treatment (surgical removal of the tumor and polychemotherapy) normalized the levels of human beta-chorionic gonadotropin and serum testosterone, which in turn led to regression of acne without acne therapy.
The role of Internet security awareness as a moderating variable on cyber security perception: Learning management system as a case study
Authors:   Management and MIS Department, College of Business Administration, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia, Alfalah Adel Abdulmohsen
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of different dimensions of cyber security perception on university students’ attitudes towards using a learning management system (LMS) and to what extent these relationships can be moderated by Internet security awareness. To accomplish this, an extensive review of technology adoption literature has been conducted, and a theoretical model was presented. The study applied a quantitative-based approach that used a survey questionnaire to collect 261 responses from college-level students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To test the research model, the researcher used SmartPLS version 3 which applies partial least squares-based structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Analysis showed that perceived privacy, trust in the Internet, trust in the university, and perceived cyber risk are key influencers factors on attitude and that all these correlations are moderated by Internet security awareness except for the association between trust in the university and attitude. The outcome of the study contributes to academia by enriching the existing literature on technology adoption in educational settings. The results also benefit practitioners and policymakers in terms of enhancing the awareness of LMS users which in turn leads to a better attitude towards system use.
Метод теплового баланса для расчета режимов охлаждения крупногабаритной оптики в вакуумных условиях
Authors: Завацкая А.В. , Резунков Ю.А.
Published: April 2023

The heat balance method is developed to optimize cooling modes of large-sized optics in a special cryogenic-vacuum system by considering a complicated heat transfer in the system to minimize the optics thermal deformations.
О важности термических сопротивлений системы охлаждения при выборе термоэлектрического модуля
Authors: Васильев Е.Н.
Published: April 2023

Calculations and analysis of the energy characteristics of the cooling and thermal control system are carried out, taking into account the operating characteristics of the thermoelectric module, thermal resistances of heat supply and removal devices, and parameters of the cooled object. The cooling efficiency is compared when using two serial thermoelectric modules with different power. It is shown that a significant factor affecting the efficiency of cooling is the thermal resistance of the devices for supplying and removing heat. Criteria are defined that allow choosing a thermoelectric module for a cooling and thermal control system.
Колебания в промежуточном диапазоне частот в омическом разряде токамака ФТ-2
Authors: Дьяченко В.В. , Алтухов А.Б. , Гурченко А.Д. , Гусаков Е.З. , Есипов Л.А. , Коновалов А.Н. , Лашкул С.И. , Попов А.Ю.
Published: April 2023

The paper presents observations of plasma intermediate frequency range wave emission ((200-1000) MHz) performed in ohmic discharge of the FT-2 tokamak. The dependencies of the RF signal amplitude and spectrum on the plasma parameters and on the location of the probes are presented. Two possible explanations for this effect is proposed. One of them is related to the distortion of the electron distribution function due to the strong ripple of the magnetic field in the FT-2 tokamak. Second one is related to the existence of a beam of run-away electrons, the buildup of a fan instability responsible for the generation of synchrotron radiation in the range (10-80) GHz, and a complex chain of nonlinear decay instabilities leading to such a strong decrease in the frequency of the observed oscillations.
Влияние химико-механической обработки кремниевых пластин на морфологию их поверхности и прочность
Authors: Козлов В.А. , Николаев В.И. , Шпейзман В.В. , Тимашов Р.Б. , Поздняков А.О. , Степанов С.И.
Published: April 2023

The mechanical strength of various silicon wafers with a thickness of 100 µm has been studied, depending on the methods of their preparation and the modes of their subsequent grinding or polishing, including chemical-mechanical (HMP). The plates were loaded using the ring-to-ring method, the magnitude of stresses and deflection under the small ring was determined by the finite element method. For all the samples studied, the profiles and roughness parameters of the plates were obtained by stylus profilometry and atomic force microscopy (AFM) when scanning the surface along the baseline and over the area. A direct correlation was found between the strength of the plates and the characteristic parameters of their surface profile (the average values of the magnitude and period of fluctuations in the height of the irregularities).
Хрупкое разрушение проводника в сильном импульсном магнитном поле
Authors: Русских П.А. , Болтачев Г.Ш. , Паранин С.Н.
Published: April 2023

The main factors resulting in conductor failure under the action of a strong pulsed magnetic field are analyzed. The theoretical model describes the geometry of a cylindrical thick-walled solenoid and considers magnetic field diffusion, ohmic heating of the material and mechanical stresses arising in it. The magnetic field amplitude at which induced stresses in the material reach the von Mises yield criterion is used as the Bth threshold field separating the areas of safe (non-destructive) and dangerous fields. In the case of an initially uniform material, the maximum heating temperature corresponding to this limit, which predetermines the thermomechanical stress, has been derived analytically. In the general case, based on the analysis of the calculated threshold field, the influence of various parameters (magnetic pulse characteristics, elastic moduli of the material, etc.) on the conductor resistance in the pulsed magnetic field is studied and ways of increasing the threshold field are proposed, in particular, by using different spatial profiles of the initial resistivity. It is shown that in comparison with a uniform material, a modified layer with increased resistivity formed on the surface allows to significantly increase the amplitude of the magnetic pulse withstood by the material without fracture.
Откольная прочность поликарбоната при температурах 20-185-=SUP=-o-=/SUP=-C
Authors: Черепанов И.А. , Савиных А.С. , Гаркушин Г.В. , Разоренов С.В.
Published: April 2023

The results of the measurements of spall strength of polycarbonate at a maximum compression stress of 0.6 GPa in the initial temperature range of 20-185 0C are presented. It has been found a significant decrease in the spall strength when the polycarbonate reached the glass transition temperature. The strain rates in the plastic compression wave are determined depending on the maximum stress under single and stepwise shock compression. The dependences of the shock wave velocity US - mass velocity up in the range of maximum shock compression stresses up to 0.8 GPa at different temperatures are constructed.
О повышении объемной концентрации водорода в нелегированных кристаллах LiNbO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=- конгруэнтного состава
Authors: Яценко А.В. , Ягупов С.В. , Шульгин В.Ф. , Яценко А.А.
Published: April 2023

The efficiency of the process of increasing the volume concentration of hydrogen in LiNbO3 crystals of congruent composition by heating in a humid atmosphere has been studied. It is shown that pretreatment of LiNbO3 crystals in adipic acid makes it possible to significantly increase the volume concentration of hydrogen in the sample during subsequent thermochemical treatment in moist air.
Траекторный анализ в коллекторе с многоступенчатой рекуперацией энергии для прототипа гиротрона DEMO. Ч. III. Влияние параметров отработанного электронного потока
Authors: Лукша О.И. , Зуев А.С. , Малкин А.Г. , Семенов Е.С. , Трофимов П.А. , Глявин М.Ю.
Published: April 2023

The influence of the spent electron beam parameters on the possibilities of multistage energy recovery in the prototype gyrotron developed for the DEMO project is determined. The characteristics of electrodes and magnetic coils in a collector with four-stage recovery were optimized considering the distributions of electrons' coordinates and velocities obtained as a result of calculating the electron-wave interaction in the cavity. In the trajectory analysis in the collector, a sectioned electron beam was used to suppress the negative influence of the bundles of a toroidal solenoid used to create an azimuthal magnetic field. The possibility of achieving the total efficiency of the gyrotron of approximately 78% was shown, which is close to the maximum total efficiency with ideal separation of electron fractions with different energies, with the current of electrons reflected from the collector not exceeding 1% of the total current of the electron beam.
The Pharmacoeconomic Impact of Pharmaceutical Care in the Hospital: Protocol for an Overview of Systematic Reviews (Preprint)
Authors: Amorim Fábio Jorge Ramalho de , Valença-Feitosa Fernanda , Rios Marcos Cardoso , Santos Souza Carlos Adriano , Barros Izadora Menezes da Cunha , Oliveira-Filho Alfredo Dias de , Lyra-Júnior Divaldo Pereira de
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

The clinical activities developed by pharmacists in a hospital environment can improve health outcomes and generate savings for hospitals. However, to determine whether pharmaceutical interventions are cost effective, it is essential to define a method according to which cost-effectiveness is intended to be measured. In addition, the quality of economic assessments and the amount of information present in systematic reviews in the literature make it difficult to analyze the effects of this intervention.

OBJECTIVE

This paper aims to provide an overview of systematic reviews on the pharmacoeconomic impact of the performance of pharmaceutical care in hospitals.

METHODS

A systematic search of the Cochrane Library databases, PubMed or MEDLINE, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Open Thesis will be performed using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement. The search will involve the use of keywords determined using the Medical Subject Headings database to define the search terms and include the following terms: “pharmacoeconomics,” “pharmaceutical care,” and “hospital.” The study designs to be included will be systematic reviews of good quality. Studies will be included that address pharmacoeconomics; studies that evaluated pharmaceutical care in hospitals; and studies published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. The primary outcome sought in the systematic reviews will be the cost ratio in monetary units and the outcomes in monetary or natural units. The secondary economic outcomes considered will be determined based on factors associated with the drugs and translated into benefit, efficacy, or utility.

RESULTS

It is intended to start this overview in January 2023. Thus far, only previous searches have been carried out to contextualize the theme and build the protocol.

CONCLUSIONS

This overview will determine the pharmacoeconomic impact of pharmaceutical care interventions in the hospital environment. In addition, this study will point out which clinical outcomes in natural units are impacted by the performance of pharmaceutical care and the strengths and limitations of each approach. It will also identify gaps in the literature and areas for future work.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42019140665; https://tinyurl.com/bddwnz43
Paradigmatic Approach to Support Personalized Counseling With Digital Health (iKNOW) (Preprint)
Authors: Speiser Dorothee , Heibges Maren , Besch Laura , Hilger Caren , Keinert Marie , Klein Katharina , Rauwolf Gudrun , Schmid Christine , Schulz-Niethammer Sven , Stegen Steffi , Westfal Viola , Witzel Isabell , Zang Benedikt , Kendel Friederike , Feufel Markus A
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

iKNOW is the first evidence-based digital tool to support personalized counseling for women in Germany with a hereditary cancer risk. The counseling tool is designed for carriers of pathogenic gBRCA (germline breast cancer gene) variants that increase the lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancer. Carriers of pathogenic variants are confronted with complex, individualized risk information, and physicians must be able to convey this information in a comprehensible way to enable preference-sensitive health decisions. In this paper, we elaborate on the clinical, regulatory, and practical premises of personalized counseling in Germany. By operationalizing these premises, we formulate 5 design principles that, we suggest, are specific enough to develop a digital tool (eg, iKNOW), yet wide-ranging enough to inform the development of counseling tools for personalized medicine more generally: (1) digital counseling tools should implement the current standard of care (eg, based on guidelines); (2) digital counseling tools should help to both standardize and personalize the counseling process (eg, by enabling the preference-sensitive selection of counseling contents from a common information base); (3) digital counseling tools should make complex information easy to access both cognitively (eg, by using evidenced-based risk communication formats) and technically (eg, by means of responsive design for various devices); (4) digital counseling tools should respect the counselee’s data privacy rights (eg, through strict pseudonymization and opt-in consent); and (5) digital counseling tools should be systematically and iteratively evaluated with the users in mind (eg, using formative prototype testing to ensure a user-centric design and a summative multicenter, randomized controlled trial). On the basis of these paradigmatic design principles, we hope that iKNOW can serve as a blueprint for the development of more digital innovations to support personalized counseling approaches in cancer medicine.
Motivational Message Framing Effects on Physical Activity Dynamics in a Digital Messaging Intervention: Secondary Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Alexandra M , Hojjatinia Sahar , Courtney Jimikaye B , Brunke-Reese Deborah , Hojjatinia Sarah , Lagoa Constantino M , Conroy David E
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Digital smartphone messaging can be used to promote physical activity to large populations with limited cost. It is not clear which psychological constructs should be targeted by digital messages to promote physical activity. This gap presents a challenge for developing optimal content for digital messaging interventions.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to compare affectively framed and social cognitively framed messages on subsequent changes in physical activity using dynamical modeling techniques.

METHODS

We conducted a secondary analysis of data collected from a digital messaging intervention in insufficiently active young adults (18-29 years) recruited between April 2019 and July 2020 who wore a Fitbit smartwatch for 6 months. Participants received 0 to 6 messages at random per day across the intervention period. Messages were drawn from 3 content libraries: affectively framed, social cognitively framed, or inspirational quotes. Person-specific dynamical models were identified, and model features of impulse response and cumulative step response were extracted for comparison. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs evaluated the main effects and interaction of message type and day type on model features. This early-phase work with novel dynamic features may have been underpowered to detect differences between message types so results were interpreted descriptively.

RESULTS

Messages (n=20,689) were paired with valid physical activity monitoring data from 45 participants for analysis. Received messages were distributed as 40% affective (8299/20,689 messages), 39% social-cognitive (8187/20,689 messages), and 20% inspirational quotes (4219/20,689 messages). There were no statistically significant main effects for message type when evaluating the steady state of step responses. Participants demonstrated heterogeneity in intervention response: some had their strongest responses to affectively framed messages, some had their strongest responses to social cognitively framed messages, and some had their strongest responses to the inspirational quote messages.

CONCLUSIONS

No single type of digital message content universally promotes physical activity. Future work should evaluate the effects of multiple message types so that content can be continuously tuned based on person-specific responses to each message type.
Enhanced machine learning prediction models for OSA patient screening: A Cloud-based mobile sleep medicine management platform (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Qingquan , Yang Kang , Zhuang Jiajing , Yao Ling , Hu Yiming , Li Jiaxin , Zheng Huaxian , Zhu Xi , Ke Jianfeng , Zeng Yifu , Fan Chunmei , Chen Xiaoyang , Fan Jimin , Zhang Yixiang
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Background: Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), and mean heart rate during sleep were found to be risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and a variety of methods have been applied to predict the occurrence of OSA.
Objective: This study aimed to develop and evaluate OSA prediction models using simple and accessible parameters, combined with multiple machine learning algorithms, and integrate them into a cloud-based mobile sleep medicine management platform for clinical use.
Methods: The study data were obtained from the clinical data of 610 patients who underwent polysomnography (PSG) at the Sleep Medicine Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2021 and December 2022. The participants were randomly divided into a training–test group (80%) and an independent validation group (20%). The logistic regression, artificial neural network, naïve Bayes, support vector machine, random forest, and decision tree algorithms were used with age, gender, BMI, and mean heart rate during sleep as predictors to build a risk prediction model for moderate-to-severe OSA. To evaluate the performance of the models, we calculated the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC), accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, and F1-score for the independent validation set. In addition, the calibration curve, decision curve, and clinical impact curve were generated to determine clinical usefulness.
Results: Age, gender, BMI, and mean heart rate during sleep were significantly associated with OSA. The ANN model had the best efficacy compared with the other prediction algorithms. The AUROC, accuracy, recall, specificity, precision, F1-score, and Brier score were 0.804, 0.699, 0.865, 0.615, 0.532, 0.659, and 0.165, respectively, for the ANN model. The AUROCs for the LR, NB, SVM, RF, and DT models were 0.802, 0.797, 0.792, 0.784, and 0.704, respectively.
Conclusions: The six models based on four simple and easily accessible parameters effectively predicted moderate-to-severe OSA in patients with PSG screening, with the ANN model having the best performance. These models can provide a reliable tool for early OSA diagnosis, and their integration into a cloud-based mobile sleep medicine management platform could improve clinical decision making.
A Taxonomy for Health Information Systems (Preprint)
Authors: Janssen Anna , Donnelly Candice , Shaw Tim
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

The health sector is highly digitized, which is enabling the collection of vast quantities of electronic data about health and well-being. These data are collected by a diverse array of information and communication technologies, including systems used by health care organizations, consumer and community sources such as information collected on the web, and passively collected data from technologies such as wearables and devices. Understanding the breadth of IT that collect these data and how it can be actioned is a challenge for the significant portion of the digital health workforce that interact with health data as part of their duties but are not for informatics experts. This viewpoint aims to present a taxonomy categorizing common information and communication technologies that collect electronic data. An initial classification of key information systems collecting electronic health data was undertaken via a rapid review of the literature. Subsequently, a purposeful search of the scholarly and gray literature was undertaken to extract key information about the systems within each category to generate definitions of the systems and describe the strengths and limitations of these systems.
Medical Misinformation in Polish on the World Wide Web During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period: Infodemiology Study (Preprint)
Authors: Chlabicz Małgorzata , Nabożny Aleksandra , Koszelew Jolanta , Łaguna Wojciech , Szpakowicz Anna , Sowa Paweł , Budny Wojciech , Guziejko Katarzyna , Róg-Makal Magdalena , Pancewicz Sławomir , Kondrusik Maciej , Czupryna Piotr , Cudowska Beata , Lebensztejn Dariusz , Moniuszko-Malinowska Anna , Wierzbicki Adam , Kamiński Karol A
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Although researchers extensively study the rapid generation and spread of misinformation about the novel coronavirus during the pandemic, numerous other health-related topics are contaminating the internet with misinformation that have not received as much attention.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to gauge the reach of the most popular medical content on the World Wide Web, extending beyond the confines of the pandemic. We conducted evaluations of subject matter and credibility for the years 2021 and 2022, following the principles of evidence-based medicine with assessments performed by experienced clinicians.

METHODS

We used 274 keywords to conduct web page searches through the BuzzSumo Enterprise Application. These keywords were chosen based on medical topics derived from surveys administered to medical practitioners. The search parameters were confined to 2 distinct date ranges: (1) January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2021; (2) January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022. Our searches were specifically limited to web pages in the Polish language and filtered by the specified date ranges. The analysis encompassed 161 web pages retrieved in 2021 and 105 retrieved in 2022. Each web page underwent scrutiny by a seasoned doctor to assess its credibility, aligning with evidence-based medicine standards. Furthermore, we gathered data on social media engagements associated with the web pages, considering platforms such as Facebook, Pinterest, Reddit, and Twitter.

RESULTS

In 2022, the prevalence of unreliable information related to COVID-19 saw a noteworthy decline compared to 2021. Specifically, the percentage of noncredible web pages discussing COVID-19 and general vaccinations decreased from 57% (43/76) to 24% (6/25) and 42% (10/25) to 30% (3/10), respectively. However, during the same period, there was a considerable uptick in the dissemination of untrustworthy content on social media pertaining to other medical topics. The percentage of noncredible web pages covering cholesterol, statins, and cardiology rose from 11% (3/28) to 26% (9/35) and from 18% (5/28) to 26% (6/23), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Efforts undertaken during the COVID-19 pandemic to curb the dissemination of misinformation seem to have yielded positive results. Nevertheless, our analysis suggests that these interventions need to be consistently implemented across both established and emerging medical subjects. It appears that as interest in the pandemic waned, other topics gained prominence, essentially “filling the vacuum” and necessitating ongoing measures to address misinformation across a broader spectrum of health-related subjects.
Monoclonal Antibodies in Idiopathic Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Murillo Andrea , Castrillon Ana , Serrano Carlos , Fernandez-Trujillo Liliana
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (ICEP) is a rare disease characterized by pulmonary radiological alterations, peripheral eosinophilia, and demonstrated pulmonary eosinophilia. Oral steroids are the standard management, but relapses can occur in up to 50% of patients during the decrease or suspension of steroids, usually requiring reinitiation of treatment and exposing patients to secondary events derived from management. Management with monoclonal antibodies, which are approved for managing severe asthma, has been proposed in these cases to control the disease and limit the secondary effects of traditional management.

OBJECTIVE

To describe the extent and type of evidence regarding the use of monoclonal antibodies in patients with ICEP.

METHODS

A panoramic review of the literature is proposed by the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute and considering the parameters proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). First, an exploratory search was made to identify keywords and state-of-the-art treatments. Then, a search strategy was designed to identify manuscripts in which management with monoclonal antibodies for recurrent ICEP was studied. Experimental and observational studies of pediatric and adult populations will be included. The search will be conducted in the databases EMBASE, OVID, PubMed, Scopus, and LILACS.

RESULTS

The results will be presented narratively and tabulated according to the extent of the findings. Manuscripts that met the inclusion criteria were collected without time limits until December 31, 2022. After collecting the manuscripts, a narrative synthesis of each manuscript was made. The results will be published by May 2023.

CONCLUSIONS

This protocol seeks to obtain an overview of the volume and characteristics of publications that have evaluated the management of monoclonal antibodies in patients with ICEP. At the same time, it seeks to guide future research by promoting the standardization of the synthesis of information by the principles of panoramic reviews. To our knowledge, this is the first panoramic review of the literature that synthesizes the evidence for managing ICEP with monoclonal antibodies.
Appeal of editor-in-chief
Authors: Nikonov V.V.
Published: April 2023

No abstract
Analysis of the impact of the type of anaesthesia and its side effects on postoperative rehabilitation during spine surgery
Authors: Barsa M.M.
Published: April 2023

Background. Spine surgeries belong to traumatic, complex, long-term interventions and can be carried out using various methods of anaesthesia. Each type of anaesthesia has its own side effects and complications, such as postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Often it is related to the amount of narcotic analgesic used. PONV directly affects the patient’s overall satisfaction with anaesthesia. Spine operations require intensive pain management with narcotic analgesics. Regional anaesthesia allows reducing the amount of narcotic analgesics and control the pain syndrome. The purpose was to compare erector spinae plane (ESP) block as a component of combination with general anaesthesia in the context of the impact on the number of narcotic analgesics, PONV and general satisfaction with anaesthesia. Materials and methods. Spine surgery was performed in 83 patients. Depending on the method of analgesia, they were divided into 2 groups: group I — general anaesthesia, group II — general anaesthesia with ESP block. Primary outcomes: amount of intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative morphine. Secondary final clinical outcomes of the study: incidence of PONV, overall satisfaction with anaesthesia on a 5-point Likert scale. Results. The total amount of fentanyl was lower in group II (1.7 ± 0.7 μg/kg/h) compared to group I (4.7 ± 1.6 μg/kg/h), p < 0.05. Morphine was administered to 31 patients in group I and 6 patients in group II. The frequency of PONV episodes was lower in group II (29 cases) than in group I (11 cases). Overall satisfaction with anaesthesia was higher in group II (4.38 ± 0.80) in contrast to group I (2.97 ± 0.90), p < 0.05. Conclusions. ESP block as a component of general anaesthesia reduces the amount of narcotic analgesics intra- and postoperatively and, as a result, decreases the frequency of PONV and improves overall satisfaction with anaesthesia.
Modern methods for evaluating acute and chronic pain after abdominal hysterectomy
Authors: Filyk O.V. , Ryzhkovskyi A.V. , Melnychuk A.V.
Published: April 2023

Background. Pain after abdominal hysterectomies is a common clinical problem. It can be both acute and chronic and affects up to 30 % of patients after surgery. The purpose of our study was to determine the frequency of acute pain in the first 3 days and to evaluate the risk of developing chronic neuropathic pain 30 and 60 days after total abdominal hysterectomy. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort single-center study in parallel groups was conducted. It included 52 women divided into group I (n = 24) and group II (n = 28). In both groups, combined anesthesia was used with no differences between groups in terms of the component of general anesthesia, but it differed in the component of regional anesthesia: group I received epidural anesthesia with catheterization, while group II — bilateral QL-block. In all patients dexketoprofen was used as a preemptive component of analgesia, and as a postoperative analgesia, a combination of paracetamol and dexketoprofen was administered for 2 days; in acute severe pain — morphine 10 mg parenterally. Patients from group I received prolonged epidural analgesia with 0.2% bupivacaine solution via catheter in the first 2 days after surgery. Study stages: 24 hours (d1), 48 hours (d2), 72 hours (d3), 30 days (d30) and 60 days (d60) after surgery. Results. No significant differences in pain severity on visual analog scale were found on stages d1 and d2 for both groups. However, on stage d3, this parameter was significantly higher in group II compared to I group: 4.1 ± 0.2 points and 1.8 ± 0.1 points, respectively (p < 0.05). The frequency of acute severe pain in group I was 12.5 % on stage d1, 4.2 % on stage d2 and 0 % on stage d3; in group II, these indicators were 21.4, 17.9 and 7.1 %, respectively. The risk of chronic neuropathic pain among patients of both groups was quite high. In particular, on stage d30, in group I it was 5 [4; 6] points, in group II — 6 [5; 6] points (p ≥ 0.05), and on stage d60, 5 [4; 5], and 5 [4; 5] points, respectively (p ≥ 0.05). Conclusions. The incidence of acute severe pain did not have significant differences between patients of both groups on d1, d2 and d3 stages and decreased from 12.5 and 21.4 % in groups I and II, respectively, on stage d1 to 4.2 and 17.9 % on stage d2 and to 0 and 7.1 % on stage d3. The risk of chronic neuropathic pain on study stage d30 in group I of patients was 5 [4; 6] points, in group II — 6 [5; 6] points (p ≥ 0.05), and on stage d60, it was 5 [4; 5] and 5 [4; 5] points, respectively (p ≥ 0.05).
Prevalence and Severity of Chronic Kidney Disease in Haiti
Authors: Roberts Nicholas L.S. , Pierre Jean L. , Rouzier Vanessa , Sufra Rodney , St-Preux Stefano , Yan Lily D. , Metz Miranda , Clermont Adrienne , Apollon Alexandra , Sabwa Shalom , Deschamps Marie M. , Kingery Justin R. , Peck Robert , Fitzgerald Daniel , Pape Jean W. , Tummalapalli Sri Lekha , McNairy Margaret L.
Published: April 2023

Background

CKD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in lower-income countries. However, population-based studies characterizing the epidemiology of CKD in these settings are lacking. The study objective was to describe the epidemiology of CKD in a population-based cohort in urban Haiti, including estimates of the prevalence by CKD stage, the magnitude of associated factors with CKD, and the proportion on guideline-recommended treatment.

Methods

We assessed the prevalence of CKD and associated risk factors in the population-based Haiti Cardiovascular Disease Cohort. We analyzed cross-sectional data from 2424 adults who completed a clinical examination, risk factor surveys, and laboratory measurements for serum creatinine, urinary albumin, and urinary creatinine. We compared our results with US estimates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. CKD was defined as either a reduced eGFR <60 ml/min per 1.73 m2 or urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes guidelines. Multivariable logistic regression identified associated factors with CKD.

Results

The mean age was 42 years, 57% of participants were female, and 69% lived in extreme poverty on ≤1 US dollar per day. The age-standardized prevalence of CKD was 14% (95% confidence interval [CI], 12% to 15%). The age-standardized prevalence of reduced eGFR and elevated urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio was 3% (95% CI, 2% to 4%) and 11% (95% CI, 10% to 13%), respectively. Diabetes (adjusted odds ratio, 4.1; 95% CI, 2.7 to 6.2) and hypertension (adjusted odds ratio, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.0 to 4.2) were significantly associated with CKD. Only 12% of participants with CKD and albuminuria were on guideline-recommended agents, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers.

Conclusions

In a large population-based cohort of Haitian adults, CKD was highly associated with both diabetes and hypertension. The proportion of participants with CKD on treatment was low, underscoring the need for strengthening clinical management and nephrology care health infrastructure in Haiti.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

A Longitudinal Cohort Study to Evaluate Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Disease in Haiti, NCT03892265.
On the Research and Innovation of Sanxingdui Culture
Authors: Xilin MOU , Liya HE , Zhaoyang JIA , Guohui RAO
Published: April 2023

The archaeological achievements of Sanxingdui culture excavation have been reported frequently. Each stage of Sanxindui excavation progress can attract the attention of the world and become the “top stream” of archaeology. The ancient Shu civilization, represented by Sanxingdui, has constantly collided, exchanged, integrated and learned from the outside world, and has become an important historical witness of the pluralistic, inclusive and continuous Chinese civilization. The numerous unprecedented artifacts newly discovered by Sanxingdui archaeology provide excellent research materials for exploring the origin of ancient Shu civilization. This paper briefly combines the course of Sanxingdui archaeological discovery, which helps readers deeply comprehends the cultural connotation hidden behind it, and then studies the significance of Sanxingdui culture to Bashu culture and Chinese civilization. The purpose is to follow the trend and put forward new methods and paths for the development of Sanxingdui culture, promote the innovative development of Sanxingdui culture at home and abroad.
Microbiological Profile of Infectious Keratitis at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Chauhan Jyoti , Kaur Narinder , Kumar Harit , Bala Rosy , Dhiman Richa
Published: April 2023

In developing countries, infectious keratitis being the probable cause of preventable blindness, also have a varied epidemiological profile. This study was conducted to know the microbiological profile, risk factors, epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacteria isolated from patients with a corneal ulcers. A total of 193 patients who were clinically diagnosed with cases of infective keratitis in the Department of Ophthalmology were included in the study. The sample collected by an ophthalmologist was received in the Microbiology department. All the demographic details and relevant clinical data were noted. The bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility were done using automated methods while the fungal identification was done using the conventional method (Vitek2 Compact system, BioMerieux). Out of 193 patients, 69% were male and 31% % were females. The Majority of cases were from the age group 41- 50 years. Of 193 cases, 83 (43%) showed microbial etiology in culture. Of 83 culture positive cases, 55 (66.3%) were fungal and 28 (33.7%) were bacterial. The most common isolated fungus was Fusarium species detected in 24 (28.9%) cases followed by Aspergillus species in 14 (16.8%) cases. Gram positive bacteria were predominantly isolated from cases of infective keratitis. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolated bacteria in 12 (14.4%) out of 83 positive cases followed by Coagulase negative Staphylococcus. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common Gram negative bacteria isolated from the cases. Among the topical antimicrobials, both Gram positive bacteria as well as Gram negative bacteria showed maximum sensitivity to levofloxacin. Proper knowledge of the clinical presentation and etiological agents aided with microbiological examination is necessary in order to effectively treat corneal ulcers and prevent further complications that can lead to blindness.
Integrated Information Platform for Information about Indian Universities: A Survey
Authors: Pimpale Aditya , Rathod Saurabh , Kawale Aniket , Modhale Prathamesh , Punse Tushar , Thakare Prof. Y. A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The process of finding appropriate universities has been a bustling work as it comprised of considering all the factors (like Location, Tuition-Fees, Courses offered, Facilities given, etc.) that matter to the student who wants to apply to that university. This was a time-consuming process hence we propose an integrated platform for information about Indian Universities which provide a wealth of tools and information that assist individuals in choosing their career wisely and would benefit from it. This makes it easier for prospective students to locate a university suited to their personal interests as well as get appropriate information based on their current academic profile
A Research Paper on Android App for Women Safety
Authors: Kataria Kunal , Khade Rushikesh , Kurhade Rohit , Pende Amit , Chanderi Prof. Sonal
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Anytime a need occurs, this Android Application for the Safety of Women and this app can be triggered with a simple click. A single click on this programme locates the location of the place using GPS, sends a message to the registered contacts containing the location URL, and calls the first registered contact to assist the user in dangerous situations. This software may be launched by a special click if the user thinks she is in danger.It is utilised to send messages every few seconds updating the recorded contacts on the consumer's location. Because of this, it acts as a guard, following the customer until she starts to feel uneasy. This study suggests a fresh technique for introducing the idea to the recorded contacts progressively up until they press the "HELP" knob. It is possible to swiftly and possibly cautiously find the victim's neighbourhood using SMS's ongoing location monitoring information. The goal of this request is to protect women. By addressing the resources that today's world's daughters' security is threatened by, this is resolved. Our programme makes sure that wives are not buried in the aforementioned positions through a variety of capabilities provided by our plan.
A Structural Analysis of the Effects of High School Seniors' Recognition of Relationships with Parents on Friendship through Self-Esteem
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Ha Dong Yeop
Published: April 2023

Objectives The purpose of this study was to structurally confirm the effect of High School Seniors' perception of their relationship with their parents (positive or negative) on their friendship and how self-esteem as a mediating variable between the two variables.
Methods To this end, this study analyzed the data of 5,092 high school seniors using the Gyeonggi Education Longitudinal Study. The study proceeded establishing a partial mediating effect model according to the theoretical background, correlation analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, structural model verification, and structural model effect decomposition.
Results First, among the recognition of relationships with parents, positive relationships had a positive effect on friendships, but negative relationships had no direct effect. Second, among the recognition of relationships with parents, positive relationships had a positive effect on self-esteem, and negative relationships had a negative effect. Also, self-esteem had a positive effect on peer relationships. Third, self-esteem had an effect as a mediator between the relationship with parents and friendship.
Conclusions This study suggested efforts to diversify and induce participation in parent education programs in society, school efforts to improve adolescents' self-esteem, and the Ministry of Education and Offices of Education to improve guidelines and develop and disseminate programs to improve self-esteem.