bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
It’s hard to quit: the exploration of the reasons for trouble withdrawal with smoking habits among filipino early adult men
Authors: Suminguit Junalyn , Tagare, Jr. Ruben L. , Janito Cheeze R. , Orfrecio Marlene E.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Smoking is a long-standing problem that harms people and communities. Various agencies have been trying to design proactive initiatives, but they still struggle to find solutions to prevent illnesses and deaths caused by smoking. Despite numerous attempts to quit, many individuals still struggle to withdraw from this addiction. Hence, this study was conducted to explore the reasons why quitting smoking is challenging for early adult men. Methods. Using a qualitative phenomenological research design, twenty research participants expressed their reasons through in-depth interviews. Results. This study reveals that early adult men continue to smoke despite knowing its health risks due to smoking's perceived role in completing their day, aiding digestion after meals, and providing a deceptive sense of relaxation. Additionally, the difficulties in withdrawing from smoking are attributed to fears of developing smoking-related diseases, the body's adaptation to nicotine's addictive effects, peer influence, intense cravings, and challenges in regulating psychological and emotional responses during withdrawal. These findings highlight the interplay of psychological, social, and habitual factors that sustain smoking habits among early adult men. Conclusions. The study concludes that a combination of ingrained daily routines, social influences, and intense physical and psychological dependencies hinders smoking cessation. Effective smoking cessation interventions must address these challenges, incorporating strategies for emotional regulation, peer support, and tailored therapies to mitigate cravings and withdrawal symptoms. By understanding and targeting the specific reasons for continued smoking and difficulties in cessation, more effective public health strategies can be developed to reduce smoking rates and improve health outcomes in this demographic.
Uso problemático de Internet, comorbilidad psicopatológica y factores de personalidad en población clínica adolescente
Authors: Díaz-Hurtado Rosa , Mateus-Gómez Sandra , Alonso-Vilar Cristina , Romero-Triñanes Estrella , Castro-Mesa Ariadna , Magallón-Neri Ernesto
Published: February 2025

Introducción. El Uso Problemático de Internet (UPI) es frecuente en adolescentes en tratamiento psicopatológico. Este estudio analiza la prevalencia de UPI y su asociación con características sociodemográficas, psicopatológicas y de personalidad en una muestra clínica de adolescentes. Adicionalmente, se evalúa la utilidad del Internet Addiction Test - versión jóvenes (IAT-J) y de su versión para padres (IAT-P) para detectar el diagnóstico clínico de “Adicción a Internet”. Método. Participaron 92 adolescentes (12-17 años) de centros de salud mental infantil y juvenil de dos ciudades españolas, junto con uno de sus padres. Los adolescentes informaron sobre su uso de Internet, rasgos y trastornos de personalidad, problemas de conducta (internalizantes y externalizantes) y otras características sociodemográficas y clínicas. Los padres informaron sobre el uso de Internet de sus hijos y los problemas de conducta. Resultados. El 17.4% de los pacientes recibieron el diagnóstico clínico de “Adicción a Internet” según adaptación de los criterios DSM-5 para “Trastorno por uso de videojuegos en Internet”. El 8.7% de jóvenes (según el IAT-J) y el 41.3% de padres (según el IAT-P) reconocieron UPI grave (puntuación ≥ 70). La puntuación del IAT-J se asoció positivamente con problemas de conducta internalizantes y externalizantes, y con peor funcionamiento familiar. También correlacionó negativamente con rasgos de Amabilidad y Responsabilidad, y positivamente con rasgos de Neuroticismo, así como con síntomas de Trastornos de Personalidad Esquizotípica, Histriónica, Límite y Evitativa. Por último, el IAT-P resultó más preciso que el IAT-J para detectar el diagnóstico de “Adicción a Internet”. Conclusiones. Estos hallazgos subrayan la necesidad de evaluar a los pacientes con UPI en variables de personalidad, psicopatología y familiares, con el fin de adaptar los tratamientos en función del resto de problemas asociados.  Además, se aporta evidencia sobre la utilidad del IAT, en especial en su versión para padres (IAT-P) para detectar precozmente “Trastorno de Adicción a Internet” en adolescentes con trastornos mentales.
Data-Driven Analysis and Template Construction for Casing Deformation in Deep Shale Gas Basin
Authors: Ye T. , Chen Z. , Dai C.
Published: February 2025

In this study, we develop a novel and systematic data-driven approach for analyzing the key drivers of casing deformation and construct a risk assessment template for fracturing design optimization. Casing deformation occurs frequently in deep shale gas fields in the Sichuan Basin of China. It impairs well integrity and causes economic loss due to production deprivation. Traditional methods for predicting casing deformation that build upon theoretical derivation and numerical simulation involve idealized assumptions and simplified or uncertain subsurface modeling. A data-driven approach uses actual field data to build a machine learning model that maps the relationship between geological parameters, fracturing designs, and casing deformation risk in an end-to-end fashion. This way, the true mechanisms can be captured more comprehensively and rigorously, while the governing equations do not need to be explicitly derived and solved. We use extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) to build a collection of decision tree models that capture complex nonlinear relationships with a relatively small data set and interpret the model using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis to quantitatively determine the contribution of every geological and engineering parameter to casing deformation. SHAP analysis provides the weights of important parameters and the technical thresholds that cause notable changes in casing deformation probability. We use these weights and thresholds to build a 2D template that quickly predicts the probability of casing deformation from normalized and unified geological and engineering factors and establish a categorization criterion for casing deformation risk assessment. Field experts without data science background can conveniently apply the template to evaluate the integrity of new wells and adjust the development plan accordingly to reduce casing deformation risk.
Enhancing the Understanding of Ferroptosis Mechanisms in Glioblastoma: An Integrated Approach Utilizing Single-Cell Sequencing and Mendelian Randomization Methods
Authors: Liu Menghao , Wang Wencai , Liu Hui , Wang Zun , Xiong Zijie , Li Xianfeng , Yang Haicheng
Published: February 2025

Background: Ferroptosis, a novel form of regulated cell death, has emerged as a significant research focus due to its involvement in various cancers. This study combines single-cell RNA sequencing with Mendelian randomization (MR) methods to identify genetic factors that are associated with ferroptosis and explore their potential impact on the pathogenesis of glioblastoma (GBM).
Methods: MR and multiple validation methods were used to identify ferroptosis-related genes in glioblastoma. Single-cell analysis was performed to evaluate the expression levels of ferroptosis markers across different glioblastoma cell types. Additionally, gene enrichment analysis was conducted to explore gene functions, while survival analysis examined the relationship between gene expression and patient prognosis. Immune cell infiltration analysis was also carried out for genes associated with prognosis.
Results: MR and sensitivity analyses identified 9 ferroptosis-related genes that are associated with GBM: SIRT1, KDM3B, VCP, GPT2, PRDX6, CISD2, TP53, FLT3, and FANCD2. Co-localization analysis showed a significant association between the VCP gene and GBM. Single-cell analysis revealed that PRDX6 is highly expressed in tumor tissues. Gene enrichment analysis highlighted the biological processes such as cell metabolism, DNA repair, ubiquitination, and autophagy in the occurrence and progression of GBM. Immune infiltration and survival analyses suggest that CISD2 was related to CD8+ and CD4+ T cell infiltration, and may affect patient prognosis.
Conclusions: This study combines MR analysis and single-cell analysis to reveal the crucial role of ferroptosis genes in GBM. These genes influence the occurrence and development of GBM by regulating processes such as metabolism, DNA repair, oxidative stress, and autophagy. Among them, PRDX6 plays an important role in microscopic research, while ubiquitination and autophagy are key drivers of GBM progression. The CISD2 gene may influence patient prognosis by regulating T cell infiltration, thereby promoting immune tolerance mechanisms in tumor cells.
Oxidation Dynamics: Critical Differences in Early-Stage Oxidation of NiCr and NiCrMo Alloys
Authors: Orson Keithen G. , Jessup Devin , Harris Zachary D. , Sadowski Jerzy T. , Reinke Petra
Published: February 2025

The oxidation of NiCrMo is studied in-operando with synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron electron microscopy (XPEEM) and in-situ with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPEEM produces X-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) hyperspectral images and time-resolved information about the oxide growth and distribution. Oxide distribution in the XAS hyperspectral images is quantified with cosine similarity, and the time evolution of the oxide roughness is quantified in XPEEM timeseries. Low energy electron diffraction (LEED) indicates that the Cr2O3 structure forms. In contrast to what has been observed for binary NiCr, the oxide of the ternary NiCrMo grows in a layer-by-layer growth mode for all five grain orientations observed, and the oxide structure observed with LEED is not dependent on the grain orientation. XPS indicates that only Cr and Mo oxides form, with Mo present predominantly as Mo(IV). Possible mechanisms for the role of Mo in changing the oxide growth mode are discussed.
Marble Production and Environmental Pressure
Authors: Khan Nazish Huma , Nafees Mohammad , Khan Sarzamin , Alzahrani Eman , Khan Muhammad Aamir , Inam Areeba , Zuljajal Fazli
Published: February 2025

The marble manufacturing industry is one of the major waste-generating industries that requires special mitigation and environmental assessment to minimize its harmful environmental impacts. The study's main objective is to investigate the pollutant load of marble industries, with particular emphasis on wastewater treatment techniques. To achieve the objective of the study, Hayatabad Industrial Estate, Peshawar was visited for marble processing plants to learn about the mitigation process for marble-waste management. During the fieldwork, 25% of the operational marble processing plants were investigated and kept under observation for production to waste management process. To determine the quality of wastewater, samples were also taken at industrial discharge points. To know about the energy and economic costs, the marble processing industries were investigated for consumption of environmental resources as products and byproducts. To reduce the pollution load, wastewater from the marble industry was treated in the laboratory by adopting physical and chemical treatment methods. The results obtained were compared with the required permissible limits recommended by the Pak-National Environmental Quality Standards and the World Health Organization. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of the chemical parameters of wastewater were observed above the required limits suggested by the Pak-NEQS/WHO. In terms of water, air, and land resources, contamination has been observed through unsafe waste disposal strategies adopted by the marble industries. Results of the chemical treatment (coagulation) with hydrated ferric chloride showed maximum removal of suspended load with 92% efficiency. It is concluded that marble processing units pose serious threats to the environmental quality by degrading water resources. Keeping in view the national standards, these industries need special attention for waste generation and its safe disposal. For this, eco-innovation techniques are recommended to achieve the sustainability of resources.
Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Confers Neuroprotection and Restores Microglial Homeostasis in a Tauopathy Mouse Model
Authors: Wang Shuo , Qi Chuangye , Rajpurohit Chetan , Ghosh Baijayanti , Xiong Wen , Wang Baiping , Qi Yanyan , Hwang Sun Hee , Hammock Bruce D. , Li Hongjie , Gan Li , Zheng Hui
Published: February 2025

Background: The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are derivatives of the arachidonic acid metabolism with anti-inflammatory activities. However, their efficacy is limited due to the rapid hydrolysis by the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Accordingly, inhibition of sEH has been shown to stabilize the EETs and dampen neuroinflammation in Ab mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the role of the sEH-EET signaling pathway in other cell types of the CNS and in other neurodegenerative conditions are less understood.
Methods: Here we examined the mechanisms and the functional role of the sEH-EET axis in tauopathy by treating the PS19 mice with a small molecule sEH inhibitor TPPU and by crossing the PS19 mice with Ephx2 (gene encoding sEH) knockout mice, followed by single-nucleus RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq), biochemical and immunohistochemical characterization, and behavioral analysis. We also tested the effect of the sEH-EET pathway in primary microglia cultures and human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons that develop seeding-induced Tau inclusions.
Results: We show that sEH inhibition improved cognitive function, rescued neuronal cell loss, and reduced Tau pathology and microglia reactivity. snRNA-seq revealed that TPPU treatment resulted in the upregulation of actin cytoskeleton and excitatory synaptic pathway genes. Treating the human iPSC-derived neurons with TPPU led to enhanced synaptic density without affecting Tau accumulation, indicating a cell-autonomous effect of sEH blockade in neuroprotection. Further, sEH inhibition reversed disease-associated and interferon-response microglia states in PS19 mice and EET supplementation enhanced Tau phagocytosis and clearance in primary microglia cultures.
Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that sEH blockade or EET augmentation confer therapeutic benefit against neurodegenerative tauopathies through parallel targeting of neuronal and microglial pathways.
Internationale Studie: ICILS 2023
Authors: Struckmeyer Kati
Published: February 2025

Die digitalen Kompetenzen von Achtklässler*innen in Deutschland liegen weiterhin über dem internationalen Durchschnitt (Deutschland: 502 Punkte, international: 476 Punkte). Dennoch zeigt die ICILS 2023 einen signifikanten Rückgang: Während die Werte in den vergangenen zehn Jahren stabil waren (2013: 523 Punkte, 2018: 518 Punkte), sind sie erstmals deutlich gesunken. Nur 1,1 Prozent der Jugendlichen erreicht die Leistungsspitze, gut vierzig Prozent verfügen lediglich über Grundkenntnisse. Die Kompetenzen variieren stark nach besuchter Schulform. Schüler*innen an Gymnasien erzielten mit 559 Punkten ein wesentlich höheres Kompetenzniveau als an anderen Schulformen (472 Punkte). Weiterhin zeigen sich deutliche Unterschiede bezogen auf soziale und herkunftsspezifische Faktoren. Mit mehr als 90 Prozent sieht ein Großteil der Achtklässler*innen in Deutschland die Schule als den Ort, der ihnen das Lernen mit digitalen Medien ermöglichen sollte, und äußert hohe Motivation beim Lernen mit digitalen Medien. Gleichzeitig besucht nur etwa ein Zehntel (10,2 Prozent) der Achtklässler*innen eine Schule, an der adaptive Lernsysteme für Lehrkräfte und die Schüler*innen verfügbar sind (international: 23,5 Prozent, EU: 20,5 Prozent). Der Anteil der Lehrkräfte, die digitale Medien täglich im Unterricht nutzen, hat sich seit 2013 zwar enorm gesteigert (2013: 9,1 %, 2018: 23,2 %, 2023: 69,9 %), im internationalen Vergleich wird bei der Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung von Lehrkräften in Bezug auf Digitalisierung jedoch Entwicklungsbedarf deutlich.
Die repräsentative Studie ist eine international vergleichende Schulleistungsuntersuchung, koordiniert von der International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA). Sie untersucht computer- und informationsbezogene Kompetenzen von Achtklässler*innen weltweit. Im Jahr 2023 nahmen weltweit 35 Länder teil, davon 22 EU-Mitgliedstaaten. Für Deutschland befragte ein Konsortium unter Leitung von Prof. Dr. Birgit Eickelmann (Universität Paderborn) 5.065 Schüler*innen, 2.302 Lehrkräfte sowie Schulleitungen und IT-Koordinator*innen an 230 Schulen. Die Studie wird vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) finanziert.
https://waxmann.com
Von Likes zu Mitbestimmung: Formen und Auswirkungen digitaler Partizipation Jugendlicher
Authors: Drüeke Ricarda
Published: February 2025

Im Beitrag geht es um die digitale Partizipation Jugendlicher in westlichen­ europäischen Gesellschaften. Digitale Medien nehmen dabei eine ambivalente Rolle ein: Sie fördern politische Teilhabe und Identitätsbildung, können aber auch Polarisierung verstärken. Es werden individuelle und kollektive Formen digitaler Partizipation sowie deren mögliche gesellschaftliche Auswirkungen dargestellt.
Demokratie will gelernt sein
Authors: Aberl Daniel , Ring Sebastian
Published: February 2025

Die Förderung von Partizipation ist eine zentrale Zielsetzung der Medienpädagogik und der Medienkompetenzförderung. Es geht darum, Jugendliche dafür zu sensibilisieren, dass ihre Stimme Gewicht haben kann. Medienpädagogische Partizipationsprojekte können dazu bei­tragen, dass Anliegen von Jugendlichen sichtbar, hörbar und vermittelt werden. Dies kommt zum Tragen in Projekten der Förderung von Engage­ment online, der Förderung von Wertediskursen oder der Beteiligung von Jugendlichen an der Ausgestaltung von pädagogischen Programmen oder Stadtplanungsprozessen. In diesem Artikel wollen wir pädagogische Anregungen für Projekte zur Partizipation von Jugendlichen an Planungs- oder Entscheidungsprozessen geben.
Potenziale digitaler Medien für die soziale Partizipation Jugendlicher
Authors: Eggert Susanne
Published: February 2025

Digitale Medien können zur sozialen Partizipation von Kindern und Jugendlichen beitragen. Anhand von Beispielen aus zwei empirischen Projekten werden die Potenziale digitaler Medien für Kinder und Jugendliche aus vulnerablen Gruppen dargestellt. Die Entwicklung eines kompetenten Medienhandelns mit dem Ziel sozialer Teilhabe gelingt aber nur durch die medienkompetente Begleitung der Heranwachsenden durch Eltern und pädagogische Fachkräfte.
Digitale Medien – (K)ein Thema in Kindertagesstätten der Schweiz
Authors: Heeg Rahel , Kaiser Fabienne , Steiner Olivier , Schmid Magdalene
Published: February 2025

Die Studie ‚MEKiSmini – Digitale Medien in Kindertagesstätten der Schweiz‘ liefert erstmals empirische Einblicke, wie Schweizer Kitas digitale Medien einsetzen. Laut den Ergebnissen existiert in der Schweiz eine Barriere für die Medienbildung in Kitas. Fachkräfte und Erziehungsberechtigte sind der Meinung, dass Kindertagesstätten möglichst frei von Bildschirmmedien sein sollten. Dabei könnte Medienbildung Kinder besser auf das Leben in einer digitalisierten Welt vorbereiten.
Karalus, Birte (2024). Lasst uns streiten! Wie Auseinandersetzungen uns wieder zusammenbringen. München: Ariston. 208 S., 22 €.
Authors: Gesing Monika
Published: February 2025

Streit(en) gehört wohl zu einem der alltäglichsten Phänomene, das im Zusammenleben mit anderen kaum vermeidbar ist. Dabei wird Streit oft als ein zu vermeidender oder zu überwindender Defizitzustand markiert, oder aber so instrumentalisiert, dass er (nur) in einer bestimmten Form und Folge wertvoll sein kann. Dass eine Beschäftigung mit Streit dringlich wird, lässt sich mit Blick auf die Omnipräsenz gesellschaftlicher und geopolitischer Krisen und ihrer praktischen Aushandlung festmachen. In (medialen) Debatten lassen sich pauschale Urteile und Positionierungen, Redeverbote und Tabuisierungen, Verkürzungen sowie ganz grundlegend Machtdemonstrationen beobachten. Durch die Verschiebung der Grenzen des Sagbaren und durch die Unzulässigkeit bestimmter Positionen wird somit häufig schon die Möglichkeit des Miteinander-Streitens genommen. Die Entwicklungen deuten darauf hin, dass wir heutzutage einerseits viel zu viel Streit und Aggression, andererseits aber viel zu wenig Streit und Auseinandersetzung haben.
Das Buch dockt an diesen Gedanken an und führt die Idee aus, dass wir für ein gemeinsames Miteinander und eine funktionierende Demokratie auch miteinander streiten müssen. Damit konturiert die Autorin Streit als etwas Konstruktives. Von einem Lob des Streits über die Bedeutung von Freundlichkeit und des Zuhörens, hin zu einer Erläuterung der Feind*innen des Miteinanders aka Cancel-Culture, Political Correctness, ‚Wir‘ gegen ‚Die‘, Identitätspolitik und Fake News schließt Karalus ihr Buch mit der Idee einer neuen Streitkultur der Freundlichkeit, die unsere Gesellschaft wieder zusammenbringen soll. Diese Streitkultur besteht aus einer verbalen Abrüstung, der Notwendigkeit des Verzeihens und ganz grundlegend der Offenheit zum Gegenüber.
Mit dieser Haltung zum Streit bricht die Autorin mit dem gesellschaftlichen Bild von Streit und ergänzt es um die Komponente der Freundlichkeit in der Auseinandersetzung. Bei Karalus erhält Streit eine lösungsorientierte Form, bei der Streiten der Weg zu einer gemeinsamen Werte- und Regelbasis ist. Ihr Buch liest sich als Plädoyer für eine Offensive der Freundlichkeit und ruft dazu auf, freundlich und konstruktiv miteinander zu streiten und sich gemeinsam auseinanderzusetzen.
Sammlung zur Pädagogischen Arbeit gegen Hass im Netz
Authors: Müller Marcus
Published: February 2025

Die Gesellschaft für Medienpädagogik und Kommunikationskultur (GMK) hat eine Sammlung aus über 100 Good-Practice-Beispielen zur pädagogischen Arbeit gegen Hass im Netz zusammengestellt. Dazu gehören Materialien, Konzepte, Projekte, Institutionen und allgemeine Informationen. Um das passende Angebot zu finden, bietet die GMK eine Filterfunktion.
Pädagogische Arbeit gegen Hass im Netz kann aus zahlreichen Gründen herausfordernd sein: Häufig werden sensible Themen berührt, die Erfahrungen, die eine Zielgruppe bereits selbst mit Hass im Netz gemacht hat, stehen im Raum oder auch die Frage, wie man überhaupt sicherstellen kann, dass die gelernten Kompetenzen über den Seminar- oder Klassenraum hinaus Wirkung zeigen. Diesen Ansprüchen möchte die Materialsammlung Rechnung tragen.
Oft stehen sich in der pädagogischen Bildungsarbeit zwei Dinge gegenüber: einerseits viele spezifische Merkmale der Lernsituation und andererseits viel Material für die pädagogische Bildungsarbeit. Mit der Filterfunktion kann zielgerichtet nach Materialien gesucht werden, die genau passen. Beispielsweise nach Bildungsmaterial zum Thema ‚Antisemitismus für Jugendliche ab 16 Jahren‘ im außerschulischen Bereich. Weiterhin kann die bevorzugte Medienart eingestellt werden. Neben der Kategorie ‚Bildungsmaterial‘ kann nach Beratungsstellen, Forschungsprojekten, Netzwerken, Wettbewerben oder Workshops und Fortbildungen gefiltert werden.
Die Sammlung ist in Zusammenarbeit mit verschiedenen Praktiker*innen und Expert*innen aus den Feldern der Medienpädagogik und Politischen Bildung entwickelt worden und wird laufend aktualisiert.
https:// hass-im-netz.gmk-net.de
#78 - Partizipation und Digitale Medien | Fachredaktionstalk mit Dr. Susanne Eggert und Dr. Karin Knop
Authors: Merz Redaktion
Published: February 2025

Medien spielen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Vermittlung von Informationen, der Meinungsbildung und der Gestaltung von und Beteiligung an öffentlichen Diskursen. Das hat direkte Auswirkungen auf partizipative Prozesse.
Im Interview geht es darum, die Mechanismen zu verstehen, durch die Medien die Beteiligung der Menschen an gesellschaftlichen Prozessen beeinflussen. Außerdem geben Dr. Karin Knop und Dr. Susanne Eggert Einblicke, wie medienpädagogische Praxisprojekte dazu beitragen können, eine inklusive Partizipation zu fördern und Ungleichheiten bei Teilhabe- und Beteiligungsprozessen zu verringern.
#79 - Ist die Demokratiekompetenz von Kindern und Jugendlichen gefährdet? | Bundeszentrale für Kinder- und Jugendmedienschutz
Authors: Redaktion merz  , Rausch-Jarolimek Isabell , Müsgens Martin
Published: February 2025

In dieser Folge sind Isabell Rausch-Jarolimek und Martin Müsgens von der Bundeszentrale für Kinder- und Jugendmedienschutz (BzKJ) zu Gast. Wir sprechen darüber, was Demokratiefähigkeit überhaupt bedeutet und warum und wodurch sie gerade bei jungen Menschen momentan gefährdet ist.
Zur BzKJ
Der virtuelle Türsteher oder: Warten auf Horst
Authors: Lutz Klaus
Published: February 2025

In meinem Alter hat man schon auf so vieles gewartet: auf den ersten Schultag, danach eigentlich nur noch auf den ersten Ferientag, auf die erste Liebe, auf den 18. Geburtstag, auf den Führerschein, das erste eigene Auto, die erste eigene Wohnung, den ersten Job …
Auf manches warte ich noch bis heute: auf den Anruf des Bundestrainers, auf eine Einladung in eine Talkshow, auf einen Platz auf der Spiegel-Bestsellerliste für meine Glossen.
Inzwischen hat die Welt noch eine Person in mein Leben gebracht, auf die ich fast täglich warte: den Host – oder, wie ihn manche meiner Kolleginnen liebevoll nennen, den Horst.
Diejenigen Leser*innen, die auch viele Online-Konferenzen mit Zoom machen, kennen ihn sicher auch.
Da ich noch von der alten Schule geprägt bin, lebe ich auch in online-Zeiten nach dem Motto: „Fünf Minuten vor der Zeit ist die wahre Pünktlichkeit.“ Nur bin ich da meist mit meinem eigenen Spiegelbild allein und warte darauf, dass mir Horstdie Tür zum virtuellen Seminarraum öffnet. Die Wartezeit vertreibe ich mir mit der Überlegung, dass es sehr schade ist, dass viele keine Lust haben, etwas früher online zu gehen, um die wirklich wichtigen Dinge im inoffiziellen Teil vorab zu klären. Aber jetzt heißt es erst mal: warten, bis Horst mich reinlässt.
Mit länger werdender Wartezeit werde ich immer unsicherer, ob Horst mich auch wirklich bemerkt und mich hineinlässt. Ich weiß ja nicht, wer Horst heute ist: eine aufmerksame Person, die alle Anfragen im Griff hat? Jemand, der zwar seinen Zugang gestartet hat, aber wieder in die Küche gegangen ist, um sich einen Kaffee zu kochen? Oder will mich Horst bewusst nicht dabeihaben – oder noch nicht –, da noch illegale Absprachen zu meinen Lasten getroffen werden? Je länger ich warte, desto abstruser werden meine Phantasien.
Als die Startzeit des Meetings genau erreicht ist, hat meine Geduld ein Ende. Ich greife zum Handy und schreibe eine WhatsApp an eine Person, von der ich weiß, dass sie auch im Meeting dabei ist, ob sie vielleicht schon ohne mich angefangen haben und ob sie Horst Bescheid sagen kann, dass er mich jetzt gefälligst reinlassen soll.
Schnelle Antwort: „Bin noch nicht online. Ich komme gleich und sage Horst dann Bescheid.“ Zwei Minuten nach der vereinbarten Zeit ploppen dann immer mehr Gesichter auf dem Bildschirm auf – und Horst hat auch mich zugelassen. Immer dasselbe: die ganze Aufregung umsonst. Aber jedes Mal denke ich, man hat mich vergessen. Was da in meiner Kindheit wohl schiefgelaufen ist?
Was ich aber auch nicht verstehe: dass ich dann oft selbst zum Horst werde und andere Personen in das Meeting hineinlassen kann. Das ist schon ein super Gefühl, mit einem Knopfdruck der Master zu sein. Im nächsten Leben werde ich deshalb auf jeden Fall ein Horst – ausgestattet mit der göttlichen Macht, Menschen zusammenzubringen, sie warten zu lassen oder sie auch ganz aus dem virtuellen Raum zu verbannen, weil sie einfach nur nerven.
Klaus Lutz
Back-channeling in Celebrities Interviews: A Socio-discoursal Study
Authors: Zainab Saad Mohammed  , Ahmed Adel Nouri
Published: February 2025

Conversation is an act in which two or more interlocutors take turns. Each one of them speak at a time; hence the act is not something arbitrarily done. However, there might happen some problems when certain interlocutor competes for taking the turn. Conversely, the interlocutor may contribute in some way to the conversation's success and continuance. They assist and facilitate the speaker's speech by employing backchannels.
The current study aims to investigate and analyze backchannels used in the conversation of native speakers (celebrities). The purpose of this study is to look at how different genders employ this language phenomena. To achieve this goal, the researcher looks at a few chosen interviews with famous actors, fashion designers, and politicians. The results reveal that females tend to use backchannels more frequently than males do. Also, the use of verbal backchannels is proved to be more frequent than that of non-verbal.
Energy Conversion in the Working Nozzle of a Pneumatic Abrasive-Jet Unit
Authors: Baha Vadym , Piteľ Ján
Published: February 2025

The article investigates the working processes in the channels with relatively simple geometry, such as working nozzles and seals designed to regulate the working flow jet passing through them. The main aim was to solve an essential scientific and technological problem of improving flow part nozzle performance in the pneumo-abrasive units by applying the results of the study of energy conversion mechanism, namely, the conversion of compressed air potential energy into kinetic energy of the nozzle outlet jet. Hydrodynamic methods of flow part profiling, CFD modeling, and a physical experiment were applied. The methods for rational choice of the working nozzle geometry and its operating mode were also carried out. The designs of working nozzles for hydro-pneumatic units, their systems, and elements were developed and improved. The air nozzle geometry was adapted to operate in the pneumo-abrasive unit, with the air abrasive mixture being its medium. River sand, with a grain size of about 0.5 mm, was used as an abrasive material. The numerical studies of the air-abrasive mixture flow in the nozzle flow part resulted in gaining detailed information about all the elements of its structure in the flow and beyond it within a wide range of operating modes due to the application of the ANSYS software. As a result, a new approach to working nozzles profiling based on providing a proper air-abrasive mixture flow movement with a minimum hydraulic axial and circumferential resistance was developed. This made it possible to increase both the air-abrasive mixture flow rate from a nozzle and its consumption factor value. The impact patterns of nozzle geometry and operating modes on its flow structure and other indicators considered while designing and upgrading the flow parts of the jet-abrasive nozzles were found. Overall, a new design for a working nozzle with better energy performance was developed.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) terhadap Kemampuan Literasi Matematis Ditinjau dari Self-efficacy Siswa
Authors: Sholikah Siti , Agustyaningrum Nina , Muqtada Moh. Rikza
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis ditinjau dari self-efficacy siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis quasi experimental bentuk nonequivalent posttest-only control group design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kelas VIIB dan VIIE, dengan pemilihan sampel secara cluster ramdom sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan instrumen tes dan non-tes, lembar observasi, pedoman wawancara serta angket validasi. Teknik analisa data dilakukan melalui analisa tahap awal dengan uji independent sample t-Test untuk mengetahui keseimbangan kemampuan awal siswa, serta tahap akhir dengan uji anava dua jalan dan uji pasca anava yaitu uji scheffe. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1) Kemampuan literasi matematis siswa yang mendapatkan model pembelajaran SSCS lebih baik daripada siswa yang mendapatkan model pembelajaran langsung; 2) Terdapat perbedaan kemampuan literasi matematis antara siswa dengan self-efficacy tinggi, sedang, dan rendah 3) Tidak terdapat interaksi antara model pembelajaran dan self-efficacy terhadap kemampuan literasi matematis.
Bilateral photon emission from a vibrating mirror and multiphoton entanglement generation
Authors: Mercurio Alberto , Russo Enrico , Mauceri Fabio , Savasta Salvatore , Nori Franco , Macrì Vincenzo , Franco Rosario Lo
Published: February 2025

Entanglement plays a crucial role in the development of quantum-enabled devices. One significant objective is the deterministic creation and distribution of entangled states, achieved, for example, through a mechanical oscillator interacting with confined electromagnetic fields. In this study, we explore a cavity resonator containing a two-sided perfect mirror. Although the mirror separates the cavity modes into two independent confined electromagnetic fields, the radiation pressure interaction gives rise to high-order effective interactions across all subsystems. Depending on the chosen resonant conditions, which are also related to the position of the mirror, we study 2n2n-photon entanglement generation and bilateral photon pair emission. Demonstrating the non-classical nature of the mechanical oscillator, we provide a pathway to control these phenomena, opening potential applications in quantum technologies. Looking ahead, similar integrated devices could be used to entangle subsystems across vastly different energy scales, such as microwave and optical photons.
LES ACCIDENTS VASCULAIRES ISCHEMIQUES EN POST OPERATOIRESERVICE DE REANIMATION DES URGENCES CHIRURGICALES DU CHU IBN ROCHD - CASABLANCA
Authors: Jarir I. , Nazari A.
Published: February 2025

-Locclusion intestinale est un blocage partiel ou complet de lintestin.

-Parmi les complications post operatoires, figure le retard de reveil suite a un AVC ischemique.

-Notre etude concerne unpatient hospitalise au service de reanimation des urgences chirurgicales du CHU Ibn Rochd.

-Le but est devaluer les complications neurologiques post operatoires.
MOTIFS DE REINTERVENTION DUNE PERITONITE AU SERVICE DE REANIMATION DES URGENCES CHIRURGICALES A PROPOS DE 60 CAS
Authors: Jarir I. , Nazari A.
Published: February 2025

Introduction:Les reprises de peritonites constituent une complication grave de la chirurgie abdomino-pelvienne. Cestune urgence medico-chirurgicale, dont le pronostic depend de la rapidite et la qualite de prise en charge, du terrain sous-jacent et de letiologie. Elles posent un double probleme diagnostic et therapeutique. La decision de reintervention est fondee sur un faisceau de preuves regroupant des criteres epidemiologiques, cliniques, biologiques et radiologiques.

Notre travail a pour objectif: Detudier les criteres cliniques, biologiques, radiologiques et microbiologiques ainsi que les motifs ayant ramene a une reintervention et de preciser les grands principes de prise en charge therapeutique de ces complications.

Materiels Et Methodes: Il sagit dune etude retrospective analytique descriptive etalee sur une periode de 5 ans (du 1 Janvier 2011 au 31 decembre 2015), portant sur 60 cas de peritonites hospitalises au service de la reanimation des urgences chirurgicales CHU Ibn Rochd de Casablanca.

Resultats:

Epidemiologie:

LÃ¢ge moyen de nos malades etait de 44,36 ans avec des extrÃªmes dÃ¢ge allant de 16ans a 82ans.
Nous avons note une predominance masculine, avec un sexe ratio de 1,5 (36H/24F).
18% des cas ont beneficie dune radiotherapie neo-adjuvanteet 6% de chimiotherapie.
5 malades, soit 8% etaient suivis pour maladie de Crohn.
8 malades, soit 13% etaient sous corticotherapie.
Au moment du diagnostic de la peritonite, tous les malades etaient sous antibiotherapie dans le cadre de la premiereintervention de la peritonite.
PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF DIGESTIVE ONCOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES IN THE ELDERLY: CASE STUDY
Authors: Nazari A. , Jarir I.
Published: February 2025

The number of patients with digestive cancers, aged overof 65-year-olds admitted in emergency is clearly increasing.The purpose of this study was to assess the prognosis factors care improvement and management of elderly before, during and after surgery, the predictors of mortality and morbidity following emergency oncological digestive surgery in patients aged 65 years and older, the therapeutic management and study survival, prevention and surveillance, to compare them with the data of the literature.Our study included 86 patients admitted to visceral emergencies for an urgent syndrome revealing or complicating a primary or secondary digestive cancer, and who required immediate surgical intervention and who had stayed at the 33 surgical resuscitation department in the IBN-ROCHD UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL CENTER (UHC) of Casablanca on a duration of 4 years from January 10, 2016 to May 05, 2019.Several data were entered on Excel and analyzed using the SPSS version 20 software:

Â· Epidemiological, concerning age and gender

Â· Clinics including risk factors, history, general condition of the patient and clinical examination data

Â· Para-clinical, interesting biological assessments, and morphological examinations

Â· Medical and surgical therapeutics

Â· Postoperative follow-up

Â· Treatment results.

The most frequent sites were rated in order of increasing frequency: Colo-rectal (40.7%),small intestine(22.1%), pancreas (10%), and biliary tract (8.1%).72.09 % of patients were between 65 and 75 years, while only 27.91 % were 76 years old and over. This study includes 44 women and 42 men with a sex ratio of 0.96. The evolution method was mostly acute in 95% of cases. Our patients have consulted for urgent clinical presentations mainly occlusive syndrome noted in 59% of patients.The surgery was done in 62% for palliative indication: 55% were operated for an ostomy discharge, 32% for a palliative resection, 17% for an ostomy supply and 13% for a digestive bypass. Postoperative outcomes were 35% morbidity and 48% mortality. The main cause of death was hemodynamic instability in 34% of cases.Thanks to multivariate statistical analysis four factors were deduced significantly related to mortality: Morbidity the CONUT score, hypoalbuminemia, and admission for a Bowel obstruction.In our context, digestive cancers in elderly are a frequent reason for emergency consultation. The majority of surgical interventions were palliative and the postoperative outcome is marked by high morbidity and mortality.Small changes in morbidity and mortality could have a significant impact, both on the results, on the high cost of prolonged hospitalization,and on the incidence of perioperative complications. This will require a good knowledge of the predictive mortality factors both by the anesthetist and by the visceralist surgeon.
TIME TO LOSS OF CONSCIOUSNESS AND TRACHEAL INTUBATION WITHOUT NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKADE USING SEVOFLURANE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL VERSUS BISPECTRAL INDEX MONITORED DEPTH OF ANAESTHESIA
Authors:   Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Jos University Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 2076, Jos, Plateau State., Husseina Amina Aliyu , Yohanna Musa Usman ,   Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, P.M.B 2084, Jos, Plateau State., Precious Barisi Kpalap ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Jos University Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 2076, Jos, Plateau State., Rimamkanati Shaki ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Jos University Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 2076, Jos, Plateau State., Kefas Thomas Malau ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Jos University Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 2076, Jos, Plateau State., Samuel Isaiah Nuhu ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Jos University Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 2076, Jos, Plateau State., Henry Yammoh Embu ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Jos University Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 2076, Jos, Plateau State., Erdoo Suckie Isamade ,   Department of Anaesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Management, Jos University Teaching Hospital, P.M.B 2076, Jos, Plateau State.
Published: February 2025

Endotracheal intubation is the gold standard for airway management that establishes a definitive airway. Because of the problems associated with the use of neuromuscular blockade, BIS monitoring serves as a guide for the adequacy of the depth of anaesthesia for non-paralytic endotracheal intubation. The aim of the study was to compare the time to loss of consciousness and tracheal intubation following induction with sevoflurane without neuromuscular blockade in paediatric patients monitored for depth of anaesthesia either by clinical features or BIS. This study was a randomised, single-blind, controlled clinical trial conducted among 56 children aged 2 to 6 years with ASA of I and II scheduled for elective adenotonsillectomy. They were randomly allocated into two groups to either receive BIS monitoring (group B) or clinical monitoring (group C) of the depth of anaesthesia. A study pro forma was used to record patientsÂ’ time to loss of consciousness and time to tracheal intubation. Data was entered into and analysed by SPSS version 23 with a p-value set at 0.05. The mean time to loss of consciousness from induction to loss of consciousness was 350.04 27.680 seconds in the BIS group and 90.89 19.916 seconds in the clinical group (p=0.012) the mean time to tracheal intubation from laryngoscopy to completion of intubation was 19.29 1.117 seconds and 19.64 1.129 seconds in the BIS and clinical groups, which was not statistically significant with p=0.541.
Shared leadership and mental models’ compatibility as predictors of work group resilience
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Lepekhin Nikolay , Ilyina Olga ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kruglov Vladimir ,   St. Petersburg State University, Kruglova Marina ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: February 2025

In a turbulent business environment, the problem arises of ensuring the resilience at work in order to cope with unexpected threats, restore productivity, proactively overcome risks and variability of work processes, gaps in coordination of actions, and create the potential for advanced development based on anticipation. Against the backdrop of extensive research into individual and organizational resilience resources, there has been little research into group resilience factors, among which shared leadership and the compatibility of mental models of group members stand out. Objective: to evaluate the contributions of shared leadership and mental model compatibility as predictors of group resilience. Hypotheses: shared leader- ship and compatibility of members’ mental models have a positive effect on group resilience. Sample: 213 employees of Russian organizations. Methods: Team Resilience Scale; Shared Leadership Inventory in Teams (SPLIT); mental model compatibility scale. Analysis: normal distribution test, correlation (Pearson) and regression analysis; structural equation modeling (AMOS). Results: interrelations between indicators of shared leadership and compatibility of mental models with indicators of group resilience were found (0.43–0.77, padj < 0.01). Predictors of group resilience are indicators of shared leadership (in relationships, in change, and in external communications), as well as a general indicator of the compatibility of mental models. The compatibility of mental models does not have a significant direct effect on the resilience of groups, but at the same time it has a positive effect on resilience through shared leadership — 0.69, which plays the role of a mediator. Shared leadership has a direct positive effect on group resilience — 0.92. The impact of mental model compatibility on resilience occurs when shared leadership emerges from group dynamics, allowing a shared mental model to be used for teamwork. Shared leadership is a priority that interventions should focus on to develop teams in organizations.
Psychological peculiarities of self-worth certainty in adults raised in families with parental alcoholism
Authors:   Institute of Medical Education of Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Shchukina Maria , Belov Artem ,   St. Petersburg State Institute of Psychology and Social Work
Published: February 2025

Studies on adult children of alcoholics (ACoA) are well represented in foreign publications, but the psychological specificity of this group remains controversial. In domestic studies, ACoA receive insufficient attention. Special attention should be paid to the study of self-attitude and self-value of adults raised in alcoholic families. Respondents (N = 170) were divided into subsamples using the CAST test, adapted by A. I. Tascheva and S. V. Gridneva. The ACoA group consisted of 89 respondents (52.4 %, 33 women, mean age 23.44 ± 5.53 years), and the comparison group — 81 respondents (47.6 %, 26 women, mean age 24.75 ± 7.46 years). The Biographical Questionnaire for the Diagnosis of Behavioral Disorders was used to collect data on the family situation. Self-value and self-attitude were assessed using the Scale of Self- Attitude (Pantileev, Stolin), the Basic Beliefs Scale (Padun, Kotelnikova), and K. Neff ’s Self- Compassion questionnaire (adapted by K. A. Chistopolskaya et al.). Maladaptive traits in self- attitude and self-value were identified in adults raised in alcoholic families. More pronounced experiences of family influence during childhood were found in respondents between the ages of 18 and 25. Regression analysis showed that non-judgment of one’s own shortcomings and the perception of difficulties as normal aspects of human existence help ACoA to value themselves despite a dysfunctional childhood. The results are compared with previous studies and may be useful in psychocorrectional work with ACoA. Limitations include an uneven gender ratio, a preponderance of respondents in early adulthood, sampling from social networks, and a lack of detailed sociodemographic data.
Motivation for Success: perfectionism and procrastination in adults learning at professional training programs case (In English)
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Medina Brakamonte Natalia , Kitaeva Elena ,   St. Petersburg State University, Medina Brakamonte Daniel ,   St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University, Chubun Irina ,   Moscow State Psychology and Pedagogy University
Published: February 2025

Lifelong learning nowadays is becoming more and more popular concept researched into in numerous studies as the demand for education among working adults, employers and society in general has grown dramatically. However, the investigations of the phenomena of procrastination and perfectionism in the context of motivation for learning among adult learners involved in professional development programs and/or postgraduate non-degree courses are far from being abundant. The presented study aimed to explore the motivation for success in the context of perfectionism and procrastination among adult learners attending professional development courses. The sample consisted of 105 individuals (adults with university degrees aged 21 to 53, average age — 38 years). The questionnaires A. A. Rean’s “Motivation for Success and Fear of Failure”, adaptation of Procrastination Scale by P. Steel (adaptation: N. M. Klepikova and I. N. Kormacheva), and Three-Factor Perfectionism Questionnaire (N. G. Garanyan and A. B. Kholmogorova) were employed to measure motivation for success and fear of failure, procrastination and perfectionism. To process the data obtained, statistical and mathematical methods were applied. The study revealed negative correlation between motivational orientations towards success and the level of procrastination and maladaptive manifestations of perfectionism (concern for others’ evaluations; negative selection). Positive correlations were found between maladaptive parameters of perfectionism (concern for others’ evaluations and negative selection) and procrastination. The study results also demonstrated the multi-motivational nature of educational motivation among adult learners. The results of the study are of great practical relevance for educationalists involved in designing studying programs.