bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peptidomimetic Modulators of BACE1
Authors: Juliano John Paul , Small David H. , Aguilar Marie-Isabel
Published: March 2020

The β-site APP Cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) is a membrane-associated aspartyl protease which mediates the production of amyloid-β (Aβ), a major component of amyloid plaques in the Alzheimer’s disease brain. We have synthesised and characterised a series of peptidomimetic analogues of BACE substrates that incorporate two distinct stabilising structures. To demonstrate the potential activity of these compounds, a variety of assaying strategies were used to investigate cleavage susceptibility and inhibition potency under competitive and non-competitive conditions. β-Amino acids and scissile site N-methylation were incorporated into peptide substrate templates as transition state isostere (TSI) substitutes by positional scanning to generate series of non-TSI β-peptidomimetics. The amino acid sequences flanking the β-cleavage site within APP carrying the Swedish double mutation (APPSW), Neuregulin, the synthetic hydroxyethylene-based TSI peptide inhibitor OM99-2, and the high affinity peptide sequence SEISYEVEFR, served as the four substrate templates from which over 60 peptides were designed and synthesised by solid phase peptide synthesis. A quenched fluorescent substrate BACE1 assay in conjunction with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was established to investigate cleavage susceptibility and inhibition potency under competitive and non-competitive conditions. It was determined that β-amino acids substituted at the P1 scissile site position within known peptide substrates were resistant to proteolysis, and particular substitutions induced a concentration-dependent stimulation of BACE1, indicating a possible modulatory role of native BACE1 substrates.
Mechanism of birnessite-promoted oxidative dissolution of antimony trioxide
Authors: Shan Jun , Ding Xintong , He Mengchang , Ouyang Wei , Lin Chunye , Liu Xitao
Published: March 2020

Environmental contextThe release of antimony and its compounds to the environment can present a toxic hazard for humans. We evaluated the use of birnessite to dissolve antimony trioxide and found that birnessite accelerated the dissolution process, and ~50% of the oxidised antimony was absorbed. The results can help evaluate the bioavailability of antimony in the environment.
AbstractThe most important naturally occurring forms of antimony (Sb) are the ore mineral stibnite (Sb2S3) and its principal weathering product antimony trioxide (Sb2O3). Moreover, most Sb is released into the environment as Sb2O3 from manufacturing, formulations, processing, and the use and disposal of Sb products. In this study, birnessite (δ-MnO2) was employed to promote Sb2O3 dissolution. The Sb2O3 dissolution rate accelerated from ~2% to >99% after 9 days of reaction, and more than 98% of the dissolved SbIII was oxidised into SbV in the presence of birnessite. The birnessite-promoted oxidative dissolution mechanism of Sb2O3 was studied through experiments on the effects of the reaction time and pH. The release rate of Sb in the aqueous phase at the initial stage (335.4 μmol L−1 day−1, pH 6.5) was much higher than that at the late stage (13.28 μmol L−1 day−1, pH 6.5), and when the pH increased from 4.7 to 8.0, the Sb release rate decreased from 351.2 μmol L−1 day−1 to 257.7 μmol L−1 day−1. The dissolution promotion effects of birnessite on Sb2O3 were the most evident under acidic and neutral conditions (the percentages of dissolved Sb2O3 under acidic and neutral conditions were 98.3% and 100.0% after 9 days of reaction). Not all of the produced SbV was released in the reaction solution because ~50% of it was adsorbed by birnessite, and the amount of Sb adsorbed increased with increasing pH. Therefore, alkaline conditions are shown to reduce the release of SbV by inhibiting Sb2O3 dissolution (86.7%) and enhancing SbV adsorption. These results could help clarify the geochemical cycle and fate of Sb in the environment.
Identifying inequities in an urban Latin American population: a cross-sectional study in Australian primary health care
Authors: Sanchez Luis , Johnson Tracey , Williams Suzanne , Spurling Geoffrey , Durham Joanne
Published: March 2020

In Australia, people from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds often face inequitable health outcomes and access to health care. An important, but under-researched, population is people of Latin American descent. A cross-sectional study obtained clinical data on Latin American Spanish-speaking patients from Brisbane’s south-west. Extracted data included demographic characteristics, risk factors, chronic disease and service use. A total of 382 people (60.5% female, 39.5% male), mainly from El Salvador and Chile and predominantly older people (70% over 50 years), were identified. Compared with the general Australian population, the proportion of people with dyslipidaemia, diabetes, arthritis and musculoskeletal, mental health disorders and being obese or overweight was high. There was also a higher use of the 20–40min general medicine consultation than in the general population. The proportion of patients receiving health promotion and chronic disease management activities was higher than in other reports. However, there were gaps in the provision of these services. The study shows an ageing population group with significant risk factors and an important burden of chronic disease and comorbidity. Addressing inequalities in health for culturally and linguistically diverse populations demands improvements in healthcare delivery and targeted actions based on a solid understanding of their complex health needs and their health, social and cultural circumstances.
Drivers of long-distance spotting during wildfires in south-eastern Australia
Authors: Storey Michael A. , Price Owen F. , Sharples Jason J. , Bradstock Ross A.
Published: March 2020

We analysed the influence of wildfire area, topography, fuel, surface weather and upper-level weather conditions on long-distance spotting during wildfires. The analysis was based on a large dataset of 338 observations, from aircraft-acquired optical line scans, of spotting wildfires in south-east Australia between 2002 and 2018. Source fire area (a measure of fire activity) was the most important predictor of maximum spotting distance and the number of long-distance spot fires produced (i.e. >500m from a source fire). Weather (surface and upper-level), vegetation and topographic variables had important secondary effects. Spotting distance and number of long-distance spot fires increased strongly with increasing source fire area, particularly under strong winds and in areas containing dense forest and steep slopes. General vegetation descriptors better predicted spotting compared with bark hazard and presence variables, suggesting systems that measure and map bark spotting potential need improvement. The results from this study have important implications for the development of predictive spotting and wildfire behaviour models.
Fusion of lysosomes to plasma membrane initiates radiation-induced apoptosis
Authors: Ferranti Charles S. , Cheng Jin , Thompson Chris , Zhang Jianjun , Rotolo Jimmy A. , Buddaseth Salma , Fuks Zvi , Kolesnick Richard N.
Published: March 2020

Diverse stresses, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), ionizing radiation, and chemotherapies, activate acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase) and generate the second messenger ceramide at plasma membranes, triggering apoptosis in specific cells, such as hematopoietic cells and endothelium. Ceramide elevation drives local bilayer reorganization into ceramide-rich platforms, macrodomains (0.5–5-µm diameter) that transmit apoptotic signals. An unresolved issue is how ASMase residing within lysosomes is released extracellularly within seconds to hydrolyze sphingomyelin preferentially enriched in outer plasma membranes. Here we show that physical damage by ionizing radiation and ROS induces full-thickness membrane disruption that allows local calcium influx, membrane lysosome fusion, and ASMase release. Further, electron microscopy reveals that plasma membrane “nanopore-like” structures (∼100-nm diameter) form rapidly due to lipid peroxidation, allowing calcium entry to initiate lysosome fusion. We posit that the extent of upstream damage to mammalian plasma membranes, calibrated by severity of nanopore-mediated local calcium influx for lysosome fusion, represents a biophysical mechanism for cell death induction.
On-site comparison of Quantum Hall Effect resistance standards of the NMIJ-AIST and the BIPM: Ongoing key comparison BIPM.EM-K12
Authors: Gournay Pierre , Rolland Benjamin , Oe Takehiko , Kaneko Nobu-Hisa
Published: March 2020

The ongoing on-site comparison BIPM.EM-K12 is part of the BIPM programme implemented to verify the international coherence of the primary resistance standards. It allows National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) to validate their implementations of the Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) for dc resistance traceability by comparison to the reference maintained at the BIPM.

The realization of the ohm from the QHE-based standard of the NMIs at 100 Ω is compared with that realized by the BIPM from its own transportable quantum Hall resistance standard. This comparison is usually completed by scaling measurements from 100 Ω to 1 Ω and 10 kΩ through the measurement of the resistance ratios 100 Ω/1 Ω and 10 kΩ/100 Ω, respectively.

In November 2018, a new BIPM.EM-K12 on-site comparison was carried out at the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ-AIST). It was the first time the NMIJ-AIST participated in this comparison programme.

In the present comparison, only the measurements of the 100 Ω based on the quantum Hall effect and of the 10 kΩ/100 Ω ratio were compared. The reason why the 100 Ω/1 Ω ratio was not measured is detailed in the report.

Measurements of the 100 Ω transfer standard in terms of the conventional value of the von Klitzing constant, R
K-90, agreed to 1.8 parts in 109 with a relative combined standard uncertainty u
c = 8.7 × 10−9. Measurements of 10 kΩ/100 Ω ratio agreed to 6.8 parts in 109 with u
c = 8.3 × 10−9.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.

The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCEM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Comment on ‘Analysis of scissors cutting paper at super luminal speeds’
Authors: Iyer Chandru
Published: March 2020

In a recent paper, it was demonstrated that the popular legend that scissors can cut paper at super luminal speeds is indeed correct. In this comment, we make this additional observation that when the cutting speed is super luminal, the direction of the cutting of the paper as observed by observers in the inertial frame stationary with respect to the blade of the scissors and the direction of the cutting of the paper as observed by observers in the inertial frame stationary with respect to the paper are opposite. This follows from the relativity of simultaneity, and the fact that space-time points that are separated beyond reach at sub-luminal speeds exhibit a reversal in time order as observed by different inertial frames. The fact that the paper was cut in opposite directions as observed by the paper and scissors can be interesting facet for students of physics.
Droplets breakup via a splitting microchannel
Authors: Gao Wei , Yu Cheng , Yao Feng
Published: March 2020

On the basis of a volume of fluid (VOF) liquid/liquid interface tracking method, we apply a two-dimensional model to investigate the dynamic behaviors of droplet breakup through a splitting microchannel. The feasibility and applicability of the theoretical model are experimentally validated. Four flow regimes are observed in the splitting microchannel, that is, breakup with permanent obstruction, breakup with temporary obstruction, breakup with tunnels, and non-breakup. The results indicate that the increase of the capillary number Ca provides considerable upstream pressure to accelerate the droplet deformation, which is favorable for the droplet breakup. The decrease of the droplet size contributes to its shape changing from the plug to the sphere, which results in weakening droplet deformation ability and generating the non-breakup flow regime.
Trajectory engineering via a space-fractional Schrödinger equation with dynamic linear index potential*
Authors: Meng Yunji , Liu Youwen , Lv Haijiang
Published: March 2020

We theoretically and numerically study the propagation dynamics of a Gaussian beam modeled by the fractional Schrödinger equation with different dynamic linear potentials. For the limited case α = 1 (α is the Lévy index) in the momentum space, the beam suffers a frequency shift which depends on the applied longitudinal modulation and the involved chirp. While in the real space, by precisely controlling the linear chirp, the beam will exhibit two different evolution characteristics: one is the zigzag trajectory propagation induced by multi-reflection occurring at the zeros of spatial spectrum, the other is diffraction-free propagation. Numerical simulations are in full accordance with the theoretical results. Increase of the Lévy index not only results in the drift of those turning points along the transverse direction, but also leads to the delocalization of the Gaussian beam.
An image compressed sensing algorithm based on adaptive nonlinear network*
Authors: Guo Yuan , Chen Wei , Jing Shi-Wei
Published: March 2020

Traditional compressed sensing algorithm is used to reconstruct images by iteratively optimizing a small number of measured values. The computation is complex and the reconstruction time is long. The deep learning-based compressed sensing algorithm can greatly shorten the reconstruction time, but the algorithm emphasis is placed on reconstructing the network part mostly. The random measurement matrix cannot measure the image features well, which leads the reconstructed image quality to be improved limitedly. Two kinds of networks are proposed for solving this problem. The first one is ReconNet's improved network IReconNet, which replaces the traditional linear random measurement matrix with an adaptive nonlinear measurement network. The reconstruction quality and anti-noise performance are greatly improved. Because the measured values extracted by the measurement network also retain the characteristics of image spatial information, the image is reconstructed by bilinear interpolation algorithm (Bilinear) and dilate convolution. Therefore a second network USDCNN is proposed. On the BSD500 dataset, the sampling rates are 0.25, 0.10, 0.04, and 0.01, the average peak signal-noise ratio (PSNR) of USDCNN is 1.62 dB, 1.31 dB, 1.47 dB, and 1.95 dB higher than that of MSRNet. Experiments show the average reconstruction time of USDCNN is 0.2705 s, 0.3671 s, 0.3602 s, and 0.3929 s faster than that of ReconNet. Moreover, there is also a great advantage in anti-noise performance.
Cascaded optical frequency transfer over 500-km fiber link using regenerative amplifier*
Authors: Deng Xue , Jiao Dong-Dong , Liu Jie , Zang Qi , Zhang Xiang , Wang Dan , Gao Jing , Dong Rui-Fang , Liu Tao , Zhang Shou-Gang
Published: March 2020

We demonstrate a 300-km+200-km cascaded coherent phase transfer via fiber link. The transfer is divided into a 300-km span and a 200-km span with independent phase locking loops, aiming to extend the phase control bandwidth of the whole link. The phase noise and transfer instability of the cascaded transmission are investigated and compared with those in the case of a single-span 500-km transfer. We achieve the transfer instabilities of 1.8 × 10−14 at 1 s, 8.9 × 10−20 at 104 s for the 300-km + 200-km cascaded transmission, and 2.7 × 10−14 at 1 s for the 500-km single-span transfer.
Light slowing and all-optical time division multiplexing of hybrid four-wave mixing signal in nitrogen-vacancy center*
Authors: Wang Ruimin , Ahmed Irfan , Raza Faizan , Li Changbiao , Zhang Yanpeng
Published: March 2020

We report the experimental results of hybrid four-wave mixing and fluorescence signals from nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. The fluorescence signals are slowed owing to dark state. The observed delay time of light slowing due to interconversion between NV− and NV0 is about 6.4 μs. The relative intensities of read-out signals change with the wavelength and power of writing pulse. Based on light slowing, we present the model of all-optical time division multiplexing. The intensity ratio in different demultiplexed channels is modulated by the wavelength and power of control field. It has potential applications in quantum communication and all-optical network.
High common mode rejection ratio InP 90° optical hybrid in ultra-broadband at 60 nm with deep-rigded waveguide based on × 4 MMI coupler*
Authors: Lu Zi-Qing , Han Qin , Ye Han , Wang Shuai , Xiao Feng , Xiao Fan
Published: March 2020

An InP optical 90° hybrid based on a × 4 MMI coupler with a deep ridged waveguide is designed and fabricated. The working principle of the 90° hybrid is systematically introduced. Three-dimensional beam ropagation method (3D BPM) is used to optimize the structure parameters of the 90° hybrid. The designed compact structure is demonatrated to have a low excess loss less than –0.15 dB, a high common mode rejection ratio better than 40 dB, and a low relative phase deviation less than ± 2.5°. The designed hybrid is manufactured on a sandwitched structure deposited on an InP substrate. The measured results show that the common mode rejection ratios are larger than 20 dB in a range from 1520 nm to 1580 nm. The phase deviations are less than ± 5 ° in a range from 1545 nm to 1560 nm and less than ± 7° across the C band. The designed 90° optical hybrid is suitable well for realizing miniaturization, high-properties, and high bandwidth of coherent receiver.
Numerical study on permeability characteristics of fractal porous media*
Authors: Huang Yongping , Yao Feng , Zhou Bo , Zhang Chengbin
Published: March 2020

The fractal Brownian motion is utilized to describe pore structures in porous media. A numerical model of laminar flow in porous media is developed, and the flow characteristics are comprehensively analyzed and compared with those of homogeneous porous media. Moreover, the roles of the fractal dimension and porosity in permeability are quantitatively described. The results indicate that the pore structures of porous media significantly affect their seepage behaviors. The distributions of pressure and velocity in fractal porous media are both non-uniform; the streamline is no longer straight but tortuous. When Reynolds number Re < 1, the dimensionless permeability is independent of Reynolds number, but its further increase will lead to a smaller permeability. Moreover, due to the higher connectivity and enlarged equivalent aperture of internal channel network, the augment in porosity leads to the permeability enhancement, while it is small and insensitive to porosity variation when ε < 0.6. Fractal dimension also plays a significant role in the permeability of porous media. The increase in fractal dimension leads to the enhancement in pore connectivity and a decrease in channel tortuosity, which reduces the flow resistance and improves the transport capacity of porous media.
Influence of fluoroethylene carbonate on the solid electrolyte interphase of silicon anode for Li-ion batteries: A scanning force spectroscopy study*
Authors: Zheng Jieyun , Liu Jialiang , Wang Suijun , Luo Fei , Ben Liubin , Li Hong
Published: March 2020

Silicon is an important high capacity anode material for the next generation Li-ion batteries. The electrochemical performances of the Si anode are influenced strongly by the properties of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). It is well known that the addition of flouroethylene carbonate (FEC) in the carbonate electrolyte is helpful to improve the cyclic performance of the Si anode. The possible origin is suggested to relate to the modification of the SEI. However, detailed information is still absent. In this work, the structural and mechanical properties of the SEI on Si thin film anode in the ethylene-carbonate-based (EC-based) and FEC-based electrolytes at different discharging and charging states have been investigated using a scanning atomic force microscopy force spectroscopy (AFMFS) method. Single-layered, double-layered, and multi-layered SEI structures with various Young’s moduli have been visualized three dimensionally at nanoscale based on the hundreds of force curves in certain scanned area. The coverage of the SEI can be obtained quantitatively from the two-dimensional (2D) project plots. The related analysis indicates that more soft SEI layers are covered on the Si anode, and this could explain the benefits of the FEC additive.
Pulse shaping of bright-dark vector soliton pair*
Authors: Zhou Yan , Li Yuefeng , Li Xia , Liao Meisong , Hou Jingshan , Fang Yongzheng
Published: March 2020

We simulate pulse shaping of bright–dark vector soliton pair in an optical fiber system. Through changing input pulse parameters (amplitude ratio, projection angle, time delay, and phase difference), different kinds of pulse shapes and spectra can be generated. For input bright–dark vector soliton pair with the same central wavelength, “2+1”- and “2+2”-type pseudo-high-order bright–dark vector soliton pairs are achieved. While for the case of different central wavelengths, bright–dark vector soliton pairs with multiple pulse peaks/dips are demonstrated with appropriate pulse parameter setting.
Effect of annealing temperature on coercivity of Nd–Fe–B magnets with TbFeAl doping by process of hot-pressing*
Authors: Shu Ze-Teng , Zheng Bo , Ding Guang-Fei , Liao Shi-Cong , Di Jing-Hui , Guo Shuai , Chen Ren-Jie , Yan A-Ru , Shi Lei
Published: March 2020

The Nd–Fe–B magnets are pre-sintered and then processed with hot-pressing, and the resulting magnets are called the hot-pressed pretreated (HPP) magnets. The coercivity of the HPP magnets increases as the annealed temperature increases. When the annealing temperature is 900 °C, the coercivity of the magnet is only 17.6 kOe (1 Oe = 79.5775 A⋅m–1), but when the annealing temperature rises up to 1060 °C, the coercivity of the magnet reaches 23.53 kOe, which is remarkably increased by 33.7%. The microstructure analysis indicates that the grain surface of the HPP magnet becomes smoother as the annealed temperature increases. The microstructure factor α is changed according to the intrinsic coercivity model formula. The α of the magnet at 900 °C is only 0.578, but it is 0.825 at 1060 °C. Microstructural optimization is due mainly to the increase of coercivity of the HPP magnet.
High pressure synthesis and characterization of the pyrochlore Dy2Pt2O7: A new spin ice material*
Authors: Cui Qi , Cai Yun-Qi , Li Xiang , Dun Zhi-Ling , Sun Pei-Jie , Zhou Jian-Shi , Zhou Hai-Dong , Cheng Jin-Guang
Published: March 2020

The cubic pyrochlore Dy2Pt2O7 was synthesized under 4 GPa and 1000 °C and its magnetic and thermodynamic properties were characterized by DC and AC magnetic susceptibility and specific heat down to 0.1 K. We found that Dy2Pt2O7 does not form long-range magnetic order, but displays characteristics of canonical spin ice such as Dy2Ti2O7, including (1) a large effective moment 9.64 μ
B close to the theoretical value and a small positive Curie–Weiss temperature θ
CW = +0.77 K signaling a dominant ferromagnetic interaction among the Ising spins; (2) a saturation moment ∼4.5 μ
B being half of the total moment due to the local 〈111〉 Ising anisotropy; (3) thermally activated spin relaxation behaviors in the low (∼1 K) and high (∼20 K) temperature regions with different energy barriers and characteristic relaxation time; and most importantly, (4) the presence of a residual entropy close to Pauling’ estimation for water ice.
Research On An Improvement Of Indoor Positioning Algorithm
Authors: Ni Yunfeng , Shi Xiaohong , Li Changcong
Published: March 2020

Aiming at the relatively large positioning error in the traditional ranging positioning algorithm. This paper proposes a positioning algorithm based on the relationship between time and distance. The main advantage of this algorithm is that it does not need to measure the signal strength value, which avoids the positioning error caused by the attenuation of the signal during transmission. The algorithm mainly uses uw1000 as the positioning tag. When calculating the position coordinates, it first detects the positional relationship between the unknown node and the known node, and then enters the step-by-step algorithm to calculate the position coordinates under different positional relationships. Finally, the algorithm is verified by experiments. Compared with the traditional ranging positioning algorithm, the error is reduced and the accuracy is improved. The calculation process is simple and the algorithm complexity is low, but the used uw1000 has higher price than other ranging hardware. but the positioning effect is greatly improved and the application value is better.
Development and implementation of product interactive design platform based on 3D virtual vision
Authors: Junliang Wang
Published: March 2020

At present, the model of product interaction platform mostly adopts two-dimensional display, which has many defects, such as low interaction, heavy workload and difficult to update. Therefore, the 3D virtual vision is integrated into the product interaction design platform, and the product interaction scene is modeled according to the 3D virtual vision technology. By simulating product information with 3D digital model, we can realize the development of product interactive design platform based on 3D virtual vision. The platform includes interactive design module, 3D virtual vision display module and interactive display module. Firstly, this paper analyses the implementation process of platform construction structure. Then, this paper analyses the realization process of product interaction function. Finally, the human-machine interface of product interaction platform is analyzed.
Performance optimization of agricultural products website front-end based on user experience
Authors: Zhu Shengyin , He Xiangzhen , Yu Honzhi
Published: March 2020

With the rapid development of Internet technology, users have higher and higher requirements for the response speed of the website, which makes the performance optimization of the website become extremely important. How to solve this problem is the key to improving the user experience. In this paper, taking the characteristic agricultural product website as an example, we analyze the website front-end performance optimization in CSS optimization, page rendering, HTTP request reduction, Ajax caching and web caching, and offer the corresponding performance optimization methods.
Feature based Monocular Visual Odometry for Autonomous Driving and Hyperparameter Tuning to Improve Trajectory Estimation
Authors: Zheng Ziyang
Published: March 2020

In this paper, we will present an efficient feature-based localization method and use hyperparameter tuning to improve the accuracy of the method. We will first address the advantages of vision-based localization algorithms. These algorithms are more cost-efficient without GPS and are easier to integrate with vision based perception algorithms such as object detection and semantic segmentation. With camera equipped on cars, visual simultaneous localization and mapping, also called visual SLAM, improves many applications such as autonomous driving and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS). Currently, there are many different Visual SLAM algorithms and we will analyse the advantages of featured-based sparse methods. In the paper, we will briefly talk about the pipeline of our proposed method including feature extraction, key points matching, 8-point RANSAC algorithm and single value decomposition (SVD). Then we will use the grid search method to tune the parameters in the algorithm and improve the accuracy of the featured based visual localization method.
Enhancing named entity recognition from military news with bert
Authors: Qin Hao , Wang Yongli
Published: March 2020

Information extraction from news pages is often used in various fields. Named entity recognition is a key step in information extraction. News data is difficult to process because of it has unstructured characteristics. So the author proposes a method to perceive the relationship between words and sentences. The method is integrated with BERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers)-BiLSTM(Bi-directional LongShortTerm Memory)-CRF(Conditional Random Field), referred to as the Bertbc model. The model was tested on the People’s Daily dataset and text data from military news. The results show that this method improves the recognition accuracy, recall rate, f value and recognition effect.
A survey: Comparison between Convolutional Neural Network and YOLO in image identification
Authors: Cheng Richeng
Published: March 2020

The main purpose of this paper is discussing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) family and You Only Look Once (YOLO) family, comparing with the structure of the frame, speed of calculating and efficiency of identifying objects. There are two main summaries. The first summary is that training Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster R-CNN) can achieve excellent detection effect, which not only reduces the time cost but also improves the quality of the proposal. Therefore, the method of alternating training Region Proposal Network (RPN) + Faster R-CNN in the Faster R-CNN is more advanced than the original SlectiveSeach + Faster R-CNN. Another summary is that YOLO is a convolutional neural network that supports end-to-end training and testing and can detect and recognize multiple targets in images with certain accuracy.
The ability of junior high school students in drawing 3D pyramids
Authors: Meirida U , Johar R , Ahmad A
Published: March 2020

Drawing ability is part of the spatial ability, which is a crucial ability needed in science and daily life. Students often make a mistake in identifying objects in geometry learning. Students’ difficulties in identifying objects also occur in drawing a pyramid. This study aims to design student’s activities to determine the ability of junior high school students in drawing pyramids. The approach used in this study was a qualitative approach toward 28 students. Then, the researchers also did short interviews with four students. Results from the ability of junior high school students in drawing pyramids showed that 7% of 28 students were on level 1, 21% of the students were on level 2, 21% of the students were on level 3, and 19% of the students were on level 4. Meanwhile, 32% of the students were not able to draw all types of pyramids. Thus, most of the students still faced difficulties in drawing three-dimensional pyramids.
In-service teachers’ scaffolding in teaching and learning mathematics
Authors: Mahharrini E P , Anwar  , Ansari B I , Yani B
Published: March 2020

The information about teachers’ scaffolding in teaching and learning mathematics, especially in Indonesia, is still limited. This study aims to investigate mathematics teachers’ scaffolding in a teacher certification programme (Pendidikan Profesi Guru hereafter PPG) in Banda Aceh. This study involved two in-service teachers participating a professional experience placement program in one of Junior High Schools in Banda Aceh. The video recordings of participants’ teaching practices were analyzed qualitatively to examine the balance of teachers’ scaffolding and students’ responses based on five scaffolding strategies. The results show that both teachers used the pseudo-contingent type of scaffolding, in which the teachers were still not able to appropriately facilitate students to learn the given topic. T1 conducted four scaffolding strategies, namely: offering explanation, inviting student participation, verifying and clarifying student understanding, and inviting students to contribute clues. T2 provided five scaffolding strategies, namely: offering explanation, inviting student participation, verifying and clarifying student understanding, modelling the desired behaviour and inviting students to contribute clues. Therefore, the PPG likely needs to implement a specific strategy to improve teachers’ ability to provide effective scaffolding for students’ learning, for example, by providing extra time for in-service teachers to practice implementing the appropriate scaffolding during peer-teaching activities.
GIS for planning a sustainable and inclusive community: multi-criteria suitability analysis for siting low-income housing in a sustainable community and suitable neighborhood in Buffalo Metropolitan Area, New York
Authors: Saleh I , Setyowati N D A
Published: March 2020

This study utilized Geographic Information System (GIS) as a tool for sustainable community planning which incorporateslow-income communities into current sustainable neighborhoods. GIS suitability analysis aimed at finding suitable and sustainable neighborhoods for locating subsidized housing projects for low-income families through the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program in the Buffalo Metropolitan Area (BMA), New York. LIHTC projects allocate 30% of their rental units for low-income families. They must be located in sustainable neighborhoods to ensure economically and socially sustainable livesfor low-income inhabitants. Data was collected from various New York State government agencies and used as input for several raster-based criteria maps using GIS network analysis, raster cost-distance analysis, Kernel density analysis, raster-based local statistics, and surface analysis.The criteria of sustainable neighborhoodsusing GIS multi-criteria analysis (MCA) were grouped into five factors, namely public amenities, economic viability, population growth, property conditions, and environmental factors. A final suitability map was created by multiplying the derived raster maps with their respective weight resulting from the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). The study found several locations in suburban areas of the BMA that meet the criteria and canbe usedby the Buffalo Metropolitan Housing Authority (BMHA) to site the LIHTC housing.
Social sustainability indicators for school buildings in Surabaya
Authors: Hidayat Y A , Rohman M A , Utomo C
Published: March 2020

School buildings are important for the education process. Surabaya, the second-largest city in Indonesia has many public-school buildings. As the buildings have a long project life cycle, the concept of sustainable development is relevant for this type of facility with regard to promote maximum benefit to the community. This paper aims to determine the criteria of social sustainability for the public-school buildings in Surabaya. The study first identified the variables based on literature. Then, a preliminary survey involving four experts was conducted to verify which variables should be used for the questionnaire survey. The variables were also analyzed using mean and standard deviation (SD). The study found 17 relevant indicators for measuring the social sustainability of school buildings in Surabaya. The five most relevant indicators are (1) the building is supported by users and the community; (2) the building is close to public transportation facilities; (3) the building can fulfill the needs of the local community; (4) the building can adapt to changes; and (5) the building is accessiblefor all people. The implementation of social aspects in construction projects is expected to deliver not only short-term, but also long-term project benefits to the community, as this aspect is closely related to community interests.
Elderly and heritage tourism: A review
Authors: Isa S M , Ismail H N , Fuza Z I M
Published: March 2020

The increment of the ageing population across the globe shows a rapid social change of the generations. The phenomenon that was utterly debated in the past four decades surrounding developed Western countries are now expanding the horizon of concern to developing countries too. However, an extensive review of literature identified that there exists a lack of appeal towards the elderly in heritage tourism of developing countries though they have sufficient disposable income and greater commitment compared to the past. Hence, the objectives of this review paper are to identify the elderly’s characteristic and underpin the importance of heritage tourism. Review works of literature were identified through multiple sources including range of tourism databases obtained from the wide sources available in open access journals and Google Scholar (high impact journals and published books) along with tracking citations from the research literature. Result highlights socializing, health wellbeing and cosmopolitan experience as three main characteristics of the elderly while two main importance of heritage tourism are economic and social significance. Hence, a new direction towards fulfilling the needs of this market need to be considered due to noteworthy opportunities for wider visitor economy and eventually ensuring towards heritage tourism sustainability.
The impacts of land use and cover changes on ecosystem services value in urban highland areas
Authors: Achmad A , Ramli I , Irwansyah M
Published: March 2020

Land use and cover (LUC) changes are one of the main factors in global environmental change. It directly affects the welfare of society through changes in environmental conditions, such as land degradation and ecosystem services value (ESV). These ecosystem services have a large impact on quality of life in urban areas in the highlands, such as the region of Takengon, and must be addressed in land use planning. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of LUC on ESV in 2009 and 2014.Both LUC maps divided into four categories, namely built-up area, water body, forest, and non built-up area, using the ArcGIS®10.1, with a supervised classification. Furthermore, an assessment of several environmental service variables was carried out, namely gas regulation, water supply, waste treatment, food production, raw material, and recreation. The classification results show that the LUC2009 and LUC 2014 were dominated by forests, with 10,064 ha of forest in 2009 and 8,959 ha of forest in 2014. The decrease in forest area from 2009 to 2014 also reduced the ESV by 12.33%. The government needs to consider landscape conservation and sustainable urban development planning.
The dynamics role of Slamet Riyadi Street in Surakarta as a Javanese City model
Authors: Hardiyati
Published: March 2020

Surakarta city has the main road, Slamet Riyadi street stretched in the middle of the city from the west to the center of the palace complex. As time flies, the street has a dynamic role in Surakarta city and its people. It has a strategic role in supporting human life while carrying out its activities to achieve community welfare efforts. The primary function of the street is as a tool that connects one place to another safely, orderly, and smoothly. It supportsvarious activities raging from economics, socials, to cultural in order to create a harmonious and balanced environment. The method used in this study is a qualitative method through field observation and in-depth interviews to conduct physical and non-physical mapping as an analysis material to discover the dynamics role of the Slamet Riyadi street. The change of society in the modernization process will face the problems of cultural identity. City in Javanese culture will have a core of “events” that integrate all the citizens in an activity that takes place and time in the city square, roads, mosques, and palaces.
Environmental and waste management based on community empowerment in Surabaya
Authors: Septanti D , Santosa HR , Setijanti P , Bahri A S , Setyawan W , Utami A S P R
Published: March 2020

Surabaya has several productive kampungs known as KampungUnggulan. One of these is Kampung Lontong which provides rice cakes (lontong) for all of Surabaya. However, the existence of home industries, which are typical of this kampung, has made this settlement polluted and disorganized. Specifically, waste from banana leaves, the main type of rice cake packaging, is scattered around the kampung. The decaying waste gives off a stench and is unsightly. The limited availability of land is one of the causes of this waste problem for the kampung. A waste treatment system is needed to accommodate waste production by maximizing available space. This study uses a post-positivist method by identifying and mapping potential and existing problems.The qualitative method used is a SWOT analysis. The study proposes a concept and strategy for managing waste that can optimize the local institutions and the remaining space in the kampung. In addition, the waste management process is carried out by empowering the community via their local institutions, so that the processing of waste can provide additional income for the residents.
Identifying undesirable space through sensorial experience towards sustainability
Authors: Insani F P , Fuad A H
Published: March 2020

Humans need space to live, and also a space becomes livable when used by humans. They role as a user will interact with space as a product of designing through their sensorimotor system. This paper is trying to exploring space in terms of negative things that make the space undesirable, by using hearing sensory as a tool. The observation takes place on the pedestrian route around Jatinegara Station, East Jakarta. The primary method of this research is to sound walking. Some aspects that were observed were the decibel ratings, the number of people who were in the area, the types of sound sources, and the levels of traffic crowdedness. Observations are carried out on weekdays and the weekends, each in 4 periods; in the morning (08:00 am), noon (12:00 pm), afternoon (4:00 pm) and evening (8:00 pm). The results of the observations indicate that not all areas that have a busy sound intensity and diverse sound sources can necessarily be identified as undesirable spaces. Other influential factors are the attractiveness of activities that occur in the space, the users or the people who are there, visual considerations such as darkness and light, and human perception of security.
Effect of TOD on traffic in Banda Aceh City
Authors: Fadhly N , Armanisa S S
Published: March 2020

Transit Oriented Development (TOD) can eliminate urban sprawl andturnit into a compact city area. The results obtained are generated and traction models obtained are, Oi = -37.126+ 58.723X3 + 17.968X6, where the performance of the road and land use coefficient suggests the number of trip generation increases. The trip figure is obtained by the model Dd = -20.351+ 30.903X6 where only one significant variable causes the trip generation, which is the dominant land use. With the TOD concept, the model obtained is Oi = 32.180+ 0.002 X4 – 7.017 X5 where the cost of travel and the distance of the trip indicate the amount of trip generation incrementally, and trip generation will decrease compared to the base year. The trip is obtained by the model Dd = 48.474-0.671X1 + 0.003X4 – 9.299X5, meaning thattrip distribution without population density, travel costs and travel distance, the trip pulls occur at 48 trip distribution. If influenced by population density, travel and the distance of the trip, the trip will decrease. It can be interpreted that this independent variable can affect the attraction of the city of Banda Aceh and the TOD concept can be applied there.
Plasma-liquid synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial and antifungal applications
Authors: Shuaib Urooj , Hussain Tousif , Ahmad Riaz , Zakaullah Muhammad , Mubarik Farrukh Ehtesham , Muntaha Sidra Tul , Ashraf Sana
Published: March 2020

Silver nanoparticles are synthesized by employing argon atmospheric pressure DC microplasma technique. Specifically, the variation in fructose molar concentration is investigated for its role in the size of nanoparticles. The 2 mM molar concentration of fructose is optimum for the production of silver nanoparticles in the range ‘50 ± 10 nm’. Antibacterial and antifungal action demonstrates that silver nanoparticles with small size and larger surface areas are very effective against bacteria and fungus.
Dynamic modeling of ultra-precision fly cutting machine tool and the effect of ambient vibration on its tool tip response
Authors: Ding Jianguo , Chang Yu , Chen Peng , Zhuang Hui , Ding Yuanyuan , Lu Hanjing , Chen Yiheng
Published: March 2020

The dynamic performances of an ultra-precision fly cutting machine tool (UFCMT) has a dramatic impact on the quality of ultra-precision machining. In this study, the dynamic model of an UFCMT was established based on the transfer matrix method for multibody systems. In particular, the large-span scale flow field mesh model was created; and the variation in linear and angular stiffness of journal and thrust bearings with respect to film thickness was investigated by adopting the dynamic mesh technique. The dynamic model was proven to be valid by comparing the dynamic characteristics of the machine tool obtained by numerical simulation with the experimental results. In addition, the power spectrum density estimation method was adopted to simulate the statistical ambient vibration excitation by processing the ambient vibration signal measured over a long period of time. Applying it to the dynamic model, the dynamic response of the tool tip under ambient vibration was investigated. The results elucidated that the tool tip response was significantly affected by ambient vibration, and the isolation foundation had a good effect on vibration isolation.
An explicit Pólya-Vinogradov inequality via Partial Gaussian sums
Authors: Bordignon Matteo , Kerr Bryce
Published: March 2020

In this paper we obtain a new fully explicit constant for the Pólya-Vinogradov inequality for squarefree modulus. Given a primitive character

χ
\chi

to squarefree modulus

q
q

, we prove the following upper bound:
<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="StartLayout 1st Row StartAbsoluteValue sigma-summation Underscript 1 less-than-or-slanted-equals n less-than-or-slanted-equals upper N Endscripts chi left-parenthesis n right-parenthesis EndAbsoluteValue less-than-or-slanted-equals c StartRoot q EndRoot log q comma EndLayout">

|

∑

1
⩽
n
⩽
N

χ
(
n
)
|

⩽
c

q

log
⁡
q
,

\begin{align*} \left | \sum _{1 \leqslant n\leqslant N} \chi (n) \right |\leqslant c \sqrt {q} \log q, \end{align*}

where

c
=
1

/

(
2

π
2

)
+
o
(
1
)

c=1/(2\pi ^2)+o(1)

for even characters and

c
=
1

/

(
4
π
)
+
o
(
1
)

c=1/(4\pi )+o(1)

for odd characters, with an explicit

o
(
1
)

o(1)

term. This improves a result of Frolenkov and Soundararajan for large

q
q

. We proceed via partial Gaussian sums rather than the usual Montgomery and Vaughan approach of exponential sums with multiplicative coefficients. This allows a power saving on the minor arcs rather than a factor of

log
⁡

q

\log {q}

as in previous approaches and is an important factor for fully explicit bounds.