bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Electrochemical and Antifungal Characteristics of Ni-doped CeO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Lohitha T. , Albert Helen Merina
Published: July 2024

This study intended to synthesize Nickel-doped Cerium oxide (Ni-CeO2 NPs) nanoparticles using Pedalium Murex leaf extract. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate the structure of the Ni-CeO2 NPs. The XRD measurements showed that the Ni-CeO2 NPs crystallized into the face-centered cubic system. The Ni(1%)-CeO2 and Ni(3%)-CeO2 NP’s crystallite sizes were between 47[Formula: see text]nm and 59[Formula: see text]nm. FTIR and Raman spectral studies were conducted to investigate the sample’s atomic vibrations and chemical bonding. Energy-dispersive X-ray study and field-emission scanning electron microscopy were performed to examine the surface texture and chemical assembly of the Ni-CeO2 NPs. UV–Vis DRS spectrum study was performed to ascertain the reflectance characteristics and bandgap of Ni-CeO2 NPs. The Ni(1%)-CeO2 and Ni(3%)-CeO2 NPs were found to have bandgaps of 2.73[Formula: see text]eV and 2.82[Formula: see text]eV, respectively. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were employed to explore the electrochemical nature of Ni-CeO2 NPs and their capacitive properties at various scanning rates. Using the agar well-diffusion technique, the antifungal activities of Ni-CeO2 NPs were assessed. The experimental findings illustrate the utility of Ni-CeO2 NPs for supercapacitor electrode material and healthcare applications.
Billingsley type theorem of Bowen polynomial entropy for fixed-point free flows
Authors: Zhang Bin , Meng Deyu , Peng Dongmei , Zhang Junjie
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we introduce the Bowen polynomial entropy and local polynomial entropy on subsets for flows which take into consideration all possible reparametrizations of flows. Through handling techniques for reparametrization balls, we show that the Bowen polynomial entropy can be determined by the local polynomial entropies of measures for fixed-point free flows, which extends Ma and Wen’s result.
Matrix representations of linear transformations on bicomplex space
Authors: Anjali  , Zulfeqarr Fahed , Prakash Akhil , Kumar Prabhat
Published: July 2024

An algebraic investigation on bicomplex numbers is carried out here. Particularly matrices and linear maps defined on them are discussed. A new kind of cartesian product, referred to as an idempotent product, is introduced and studied. The elements of this space are linear maps of a special form. These linear maps are examined with respect to usual notions like kernel, range, and singularity. Their matrix representation is also discussed.
On static perfect fluid spacetimes and almost co-Kähler manifolds
Authors: De Uday Chand , Sardar Arpan
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we characterize static perfect fluid spacetimes on almost co-Kähler manifolds. At first, it is shown that if a [Formula: see text]-almost co-Kähler manifold [Formula: see text] is the spatial factor of a static perfect fluid spacetime, then [Formula: see text] is either a [Formula: see text]-almost co-Kähler manifold or Ricci flat. Next, we consider the case for a 3-dimensional co-Kähler manifold [Formula: see text] as the spatial factor of a static perfect fluid spacetime.
Detection of Escherichia coli based on CdS QDs nanomarkers and its application in food hygiene and safety
Authors: Liang Wenge , Gao Tao , Yi Jia
Published: July 2024

With the continuous exposure of major food safety issues in recent years, food safety has become the focus of people’s attention. As a widely distributed bacterium, excessive levels of Escherichia coli in food may cause gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms, as well as adverse consequences such as food poisoning, acute gastroenteritis, food allergies, and gastric ulcers. Therefore, to ensure food safety and achieve rapid detection of E. coli, this study uses CdS quantum dots (QDs) nanomarkers to detect E. coli in water. Moreover, electrochemical square wave voltammetry is used to determine the relationship between Cadmium (Cd) ion concentration and E. coli concentration in the complex after enzyme-linked immunosorbent reaction. The experiment showed that the average particle size of CdS QDs nanoparticles was 5 nm and they had good biocompatibility. The current magnitude of electrochemical square wave voltammetry was positively correlated with the concentration of Cd ions and E. coli. When the concentration of E. coli was 50-1.0 [Formula: see text] cfu/mL, its concentration was linearly positively correlated with the magnitude of the current, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.9873. Compared to the flat plate counting method, its relative error did not exceed 10%, and in addition, the detection time was only 2 h. The above results indicate that CdS QDs nanomarkers can achieve rapid detection of E. coli, effectively improve the detection sensitivity of E. coli, and weaken non-specific adsorption.
Natural convection of Al2O3–Cu/water hybrid nanofluid within a tilted cavity: Investigation of effect of thermal boundary conditions and angle of magnetic field
Authors: Irshad Sadia , Jahan Shah , Ali Muhammad Hussain , Sohail Muhammad
Published: July 2024

The project focuses on simulating natural convection in a tilted quarter-elliptical chamber filled with [Formula: see text]–Cu/Water hybrid Nanofluid, influenced by a magnetic field (MF) at various angles. The chamber’s elliptical shape is modelled with a constant height-to-length ratio of 2. The chamber’s curved wall is cold, while one smooth wall is adiabatic, and the larger wall undergoes three types of heating. The Hartmann number (Ha), MF angle ([Formula: see text]), chamber wall heating type, inclination angle ([Formula: see text], and Rayleigh number (Ra) are studied. Results indicate that increasing Ra leads to enhanced convection and a higher average Nusselt number. At [Formula: see text], heat transmission is primarily through conduction, resulting in the lowest flow power. The presence of a MF slows down heat transportation, especially at [Formula: see text]. The MF’s impact is most significant when applied at a [Formula: see text] angle. Constant temperature chamber wall heating yields 75% and 85% higher average Nusselt values compared to sinusoidal and linear heating, respectively. The worst scenario occurs at [Formula: see text], where the computed Nusselt values and current power are lowest, highlighting the MF’s influence. According to the study, when thermal boundary circumstances and MF angles are just right, the [Formula: see text]–Cu/water hybrid nanofluid greatly improves the transfer of natural convection heat in a tilted cavity. This suggests that thermal management in cooling structures, electronics, and energy-efficient buildings may be improved.
Design, Synthesis, Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Study of Novel Quinoline Hydrazone Analogues as Anti-Tubercular Agents
Authors: Gupta Vaibhav , Sundaramoorthy Niranjana Sri , Bhanwala Neeru , Ambatwar Ramesh , Kumar Sumit , Singh Ramandeep , Khatik Gopal L.
Published: July 2024

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health concern, necessitating the continuous search for novel therapeutic agents to combat drug-resistant strains and enhance treatment efficacy. The present study focuses on designing, synthesizing, and exploring quinoline analogues as potential anti-tubercular agents. Quinoline scaffolds like bedaquiline inhibit the ATP synthase enzyme involved in energy production. A diverse library of 19 quinoline derivatives was sys tematically synthesized through rational structural modifications. The quinoline analogues were evaluated for their anti-tubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). Furthermore, the study delves into the molecular interactions between the synthesized quinoline derivatives and M.tb ATP synthase, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of their anti-tubercular activity. The initial in-vitro screening revealed that some of the designed molecules were active against M.tb, making them potential candidates for further development.
The Imperative of Establishing the Mediterranean–Dead Sea Channel: Meeting the Demands of Escalating PV Electricity Production
Authors: Averbukh Moshe
Published: July 2024

The current landscape of electricity generation in Israel is significantly influenced by a marked increase in solar power output, primarily from photovoltaic (PV) facilities and plants. The rapid growth of solar energy within Israel’s self-sustained energy grid presents challenges for maintaining frequency stability and voltage equilibrium, limiting feasible solar electricity generation to approximately 12–14%. To expand these limits, integrating electrical storage solutions becomes imperative. An optimal proposal, tailored to Israel’s geographic location, involves constructing a conduit linking the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea. This initiative would include the installation of reservoirs and hydroelectric stations along the descent to the Dead Sea. Implementing such hydroelectric stations can help mitigate the impacts on frequency and voltage stability caused by the fluctuating nature of solar electricity production. Additionally, it can facilitate peak consumption management in the evening through hydroelectric generation, capable of delivering up to 320–330 MW of electrical power even in initial project phases. Furthermore, this strategic conduit offers additional benefits, such as enhancing PV electricity generation potential to 25–30% without exacerbating frequency control issues, producing an average of (150–180) × 103 m3 of desalinated water daily, and counteracting the steady decline of the Dead Sea, which currently recedes by about 1 m annually. Moreover, there are ancillary benefits from extensive desert area landscaping and the establishment of recreational health centers and resorts. A thorough analysis is imperative to estimate the potential increase in solar electricity generation, considering the unpredictable nature of PV outcomes. Additionally, it is crucial to explore the feasibility of using the Dead Sea for brine discharge from electrical hydro-storage plants as a key aspect of this comprehensive evaluation.
Comorbidity Profiles in Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases: An Analytical Perspective
Authors: Koçak Ulucaköy Rezan , Babaoğlu Hakan , Kayacan Erdoğan Esra , Orhan Kevser , Atalar Ebru , Güven Serdar Can , Konak Hatice Ecem , Özdemir Ulusoy Bahar , Akyüz Dağlı Pınar , Karakaş Özlem , Apaydın Hakan , Eksin Mehmet Akif , Polat Bünyamin , Esmer Serdar , Dogan İsmail , Maraş Yüksel , Omma Ahmet , Küçükşahin Orhan , Erten Şükran , Armağan Berkan
Published: July 2024

Background. Inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRDs) are often associated with multiple comorbidities. Managing comorbidities now seen as important as management of primary IRDs. The aim of this study was to analyse the profiles and prevalence of comorbidities in patients with IRDs and also to highlight the critical need for comprehensive and routine screening for comorbidities. Methods. This study was a retrospective single‐center study conducted between 2019 and 2023. IRDs were classified according to the following categories: rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis, connective tissue diseases, autoinflammatory diseases, Behçet’s disease, large vessel vasculitis (LVV), small vessel vasculitis (SVV), and crystal deposition diseases (CDD). The demographic characteristics and comorbidities (including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity, coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, heart failure, chronic kidney disease, asthma, osteoporosis, thyroid diseases, demyelinating diseases, depression, and malignancies) were obtained from the electronic patient files. Results. The study included 10 417 patients with IRDs (mean age 50.9 ± 14.5 years; 66.8% female). The five most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension (34.8%), obesity (29.1%), diabetes mellitus (14.1%), hyperlipidemia (12.1%), and osteoporosis (9.2%). The Poisson regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between the total number of comorbidities and CDD, LVV, and SVV. The most prevalent comorbidities were cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, the prevalence of osteoporosis was high in LVV, and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease and asthma was high in SVV. Conclusion. Our study not only presents observational data but also highlights the critical need for comprehensive and routine screening for comorbidities in patients with rheumatic diseases. We found that CDD followed by LVV and SVV were identified as the rheumatic conditions most associated with comorbidities, and these diseases are most commonly accompanied by cardiovascular risk factors. Additionally, our findings suggest that patients with rheumatological conditions may be underscreened, leading to potential underdiagnosis of comorbidities such as hyperlipidemia, osteoporosis, and possibly malignancies.
Development and Implementation of a Multidimensional Narrative Support System for Emergency Nurses: An Action Research
Authors: Yu Hairong , Deng Yue , Gui Li
Published: July 2024

Background. Emergency nurses may experience various fatiguing duties and suffer more pressure, so it is necessary to promote their professional or work‐related quality of life, especially during tough periods. Aim. To describe the development of the multidimensional narrative support system and explore its effectiveness and feasibility among emergency nurses. Design. An action research was conducted in Shanghai, China, from 2022 to 2023. Methods. Two cycles of action research were adopted in the emergency departments of two tertiary general hospitals in Shanghai, China. A total of 20 and 13 emergency nurses from different posts participated in each cycle. Multiple methods and tools, such as validated instruments, self‐designed questionnaires, and individual and focus group interviews, were used to collect short‐ and long‐term data. The EQUATOR guidelines on reporting action research were used as the guideline for this study. Results. The multidimensional narrative support system was gradually modified to promote its feasibility. Involved emergency nurses actively participated in different activities and proposed relatively positive and satisfying remarks. Quantitative data showed the significantly instant or long‐lasting improvements in emergency nurses’ professional and work‐related quality of life, as well as their self‐compassion, and perceived social support. Various categories were summarized about the participants’ experiences, perceived long‐term effects, and suggestions on the multidimensional narrative support system. Conclusion. The multidimensional narrative support system integrates narrative methods and psychological activities and provides multidimensional support for emergency nurses. In spite of various challenges, the system shows good feasibility and significant influences on emergency nurses’ well‐being and quality of life. Implications for Nursing Management. The multidimensional narrative support system may action as a novel intervention for the overall improvements of clinical emergency nurses, which can be recommended to other populations with targeted modifications and training, so as to achieve good generalization in different departments.
Complex Presentation of Multicentric Castleman Disease with Coexisting HIV, HHV‐8, and Other Opportunistic Infections
Authors: Tlaiss Yehya , Farhat Hadi , Hasan Firas , Yazbek Rami , Shakaroun Noura , Bitar Nizar
Published: July 2024

Castleman disease (CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by benign lymph node enlargement. We present the case of a 43‐year‐old male with a complex medical history, including Crohn’s disease treated with Adalimumab and later complicated with tuberculosis (TB) infection. Subsequently, in May 2021, he was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and started on antiretroviral therapy (efavirez, emricitabine, and tenofovir). Despite stropping adalimumab, anti‐Tb, and antiviral therapy, he experienced persistent fever, neurological symptoms, and lymphadenopathy. Toxoplasmosis, Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and Human Herpesvirus‐8 (HHV‐8) were diagnosed and then treated. Furthermore, the patient displayed intermittent febrile episodes, pancytopenia, altered coagulation parameters, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and generalized abdominal pain, as well as radiological evidence of hepatosplenomegaly and pulmonary infiltrates. Left axillary lymph node biopsy (ALNB) was done and confirmed multicentric castleman disease (MCD). Moreover, the bone marrow aspirate showed plasmocytes. His treatment included chemotherapy with doxorubicin and rituximab while continuing his anti‐Tb and antiretroviral therapy. This complex case highlights the diagnostic challenges of managing CD in the presence of multiple coexisting conditions, emphasizing the need for comprehensive evaluation in complex clinical presentations.
Needle before Scalpel: Considering the Role of Intratumoral Therapy in Melanoma
Authors: Katz Theodore Henry , Javed Asad , Powers Jennifer G.
Published: July 2024

Advanced melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer or cutaneous metastases not amenable to surgery often require alternate therapy. Although surgery is first‐line treatment for early‐stage melanoma, it can be challenging with multifocal disease, sites with high morbidity, large lesions such as lentigo maligna on the head and neck, and patients with comorbidities that add surgical risk. Intratumoral therapy is a safe method of treating advanced melanoma which avoids the toxicities of systemic therapies. Our review examined the overall response rates and adverse effects of the following experimental and standard intralesional agents: ipilimumab, rose bengal (PV‐10), cathelicidin LL37, SD‐101, coxsackie A21 V937, and talimogene laherparepvec. Injection of oncolytic virus, immune‐modulating drugs, cytotoxic agents, or studied combinations was well‐tolerated and effective alternative treatments for advanced melanoma and cutaneous metastases. Response to treatment was observed in both injected and noninjected lesions demonstrating systemic antitumor effects of these intralesional therapies. Further utility of intralesional agents can be explored as neoadjuvant treatment of large lentigo maligna lesions or those in cosmetically sensitive areas. Intralesional therapy should be developed further for morbidity reduction in challenging melanoma cases.
A Qualitative Study of Breastfeeding Mothers’ Perspectives Regarding Lactation Support Services
Authors: Lu Rebecca , Brooks Lasheena , Furman Lydia , Srinivas Ganga L. , Ronis Sarah D.
Published: July 2024

Although breastfeeding is widely accepted as beneficial, only half of U.S. mothers are breastfeeding at 6 months. This study aimed to learn whether a quality improvement project to embed lactation support services into the newborn visit at a primary pediatric practice met families’ needs. Mothers who were aged 18+ years, had an infant born in October 2021 with a well-child visit to the study practice (urban, 85% Medicaid, and 90% African American), and planned to breastfeed were invited to participate in a semi-structured telephone interview about their experience with breastfeeding and lactation support. We interviewed 18 mothers and, using a descriptive qualitative approach (thematic analysis), found that early support was helpful in addressing initial challenges such as latching pain but did not adequately anticipate later barriers to continued breastfeeding. This suggests lactation support offered by pediatric primary care practices should extend beyond the newborn period and be tailored to families’ evolving needs.
Europhoria! Explaining Britain’s Pro-European Moment, 1988–1992
Authors: Dennison James
Published: July 2024

British attitudes to ‘Europe’ have been long characterised as ‘reluctant’. This article uses a range of qualitative and quantitative sources to describe and explain an anomalous period in which Britons were highly ‘enthusiastic Europeans’. This ‘Europhoria’ is interpreted using an expanded ‘calculation, cues, and community’ theoretical framework, including: (1) calculations driven mainly by anticipation of the ‘1992’ single market launch and ‘social chapter’ and trust engendered by unrealised negative predictions raised during the 1975 referendum; (2) proactive domestic European policy leading to harmonious, influential, insider status; (3) benchmarking of comparable, better performing European economies and (4) newfound belief that Europe was Britain’s most important international community. ‘Europhoria’ interplayed with a sense of European community and geopolitical possibilities stimulated by the fall of the Berlin Wall and unusually ‘European’ cultural trends in media, sports and arts. The reversal of these factors – in some cases at pan-European level – explains the British return to Euroscepticism thereafter. These findings have profound theoretical implications for public attitudes to Europe and historical understandings of Britain and Europe.
Employer Perceptions of Hiring and Initial Support of Employees With Disabilities
Authors: Brooke Alissa Molinelli , Taylor Joshua P. , Inge Katherine , Wright Travis , Wehman Paul , McDonough Jennifer , Brooke Valerie
Published: July 2024

Much of the literature to date on disability employment has focused on preparing and supporting individuals with disabilities seeking and retaining jobs (i.e., supply side). A growing body of demand-side research has revealed the importance of employer’s experiences, attitudes, and perspectives in promoting successful employment outcomes. Much remains to be learned about employers’ decision-making process around the hiring and initial onboarding of employees with disabilities. The current study consisted of interviews with 35 supervisors from businesses who had recently hired and were currently employing a person with a disability in a range of industries. Key themes across the hiring and onboarding phases highlighted the importance of employment specialists and the value of relationships and rapport to impact decisions made during these phases. Our findings resulted in several recommendations for future research, policy, and practice, the implications of which are discussed.
Exploring Employer’s Successful Hiring and Retention Practices of Individuals with Disabilities
Authors: Strauser D. George , Price Richard A. , Brehmer Chelsea E. , Strauser David R.
Published: July 2024

Individuals with disabilities remain underrepresented in the workforce compared to those without disabilities. It has been explored that employer perceptions of their employees with disabilities directly impact this participation in the workforce, specifically hiring and retention. However, the use of primarily quantitative methods in demand-side research to date may limit the development of a fuller understanding of the hiring practices of employers. This study aimed to explore the hiring and retention practices of employers who are successful in hiring and retaining individuals with disabilities within their companies. Four exemplary employers were interviewed, utilizing semi-structured interviews. Analysis of the interviews was done following a qualitative phrenetic iterative analysis. Analysis revealed eight themes: empowering hiring managers, career development and advancement, community relationships, trainings that go beyond awareness, universal design of accommodations, responsive practices, disability as a diversity, and confidence to fail. These findings highlight the crucial role employers play in cultivating an inclusive work environment and employers’ potential to address aspects of systemic inequalities by integrating individuals with disabilities into their organizations.
A Survival Model of Work Life Expectancy After Spinal Cord Injury: Relationships With Race/Ethnicity, Education, Injury, and Aging Factors
Authors: Krause James S. , Dismuke-Greer Clara E. , Reed Karla
Published: July 2024

Our purpose was to use a survival model to identify the relationships of race/ethnicity, education, aging, sex, and spinal cord injury (SCI) severity factors with work life expectancy, defined by number of years worked after SCI. Data were collected on current employment status and total number of years employed after SCI. Adults who were employed at least 1 year after SCI onset ( n = 1,447) participated. A Cox model was generated to identify the characteristics associated with work life expectancy. Those currently working were censored in the model. Compared with non-Hispanic Whites, Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and Native American participants had elevated hazard of employment loss. Those with a 4-year degree or higher had lower hazard of exiting the labor force than those with a high school certificate or less. Being older at injury was associated with greater hazard, whereas greater number of years after the injury was associated with a lower hazard. Sex, SCI severity, and geographic location were not significant. The findings strongly suggest a “hump” of early departure from the labor force for non-Whites and those with less education. Intervention strategies are needed to help people transition to quality employment, which means transitioning to getting over the hump to longer-term employment and career goals.
Modeling and control of a novel mechatronic model of a 750 kW-FSWT with power-splitting transmission using RBF neural network: a bond graph approach
Authors: Karimi Mohssine , Zekraoui Mustapha , Khaouch Zakaria , Touairi Souad
Published: July 2024

This work addresses issues that appear from wind turbines equipped with frequency converters and presents a new fixed-speed wind turbine (FSWT) concept based on a split power transmission, along with a Mechatronic Control Model. The wind turbine rotor drives the first transmission shaft, while a servomotor with variable speed powers the second input. The differential gear transmission output is linked to the electric grid through an asynchronous generator. To optimize the power extracted from the wind energy while minimizing excessive dynamic loads on the wind turbine, a mechatronic control model of a 750 kW-FSWT is applied using a proportional and integral controller (PI). The paper suggests employing neural networks and evolutionary algorithms for determining appropriate PI gains. For collective servomotor control of a 750 kW-FSWT, a radial basis function (RBF) neural networks based on PI controller is proposed. To acquire an optimum dataset for RBF training, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) evolutionary algorithm is harnessed. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed model and controller are verified and confirmed through simulation results. Hands-on experience is conducted using the 20-sim software package.
(De)Financing remunicipalisation
Authors: McDonald David A
Published: July 2024

One of the primary impediments to the realisation and success of remunicipalisation can be financing. Not all remunicipalisations require additional funding, but the costs of bringing services back in-house can be enormous, preventing remunicipalisation efforts from getting off the ground and constraining what is possible once in place. This article discusses the conditions under which financing is necessary for remunicipalisation and examines a variety of (potential) sources of funding. It compares the financial needs of ‘pragmatic’ versus ‘transformative’ remunicipalisations and discusses the availability and suitability of different sources of financing for each. The paper also asks whether remunicipalisation provides an opportunity to ‘definancialise’ public services, exploring the pros and cons of different funding options in this regard, with a focus on the potential for public banks to play a role in reducing the influence of private finance in the public arena.
Holiday Tweets: A Qualitative Analysis of How Major Health Organizations Addressed Culture During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Ancis Julie R. , Untwal Komal Dilip
Published: July 2024

This study examines COVID-19-related messages disseminated by major health and government organizations on Twitter during the overlapping holidays of Easter and Ramadan in 2022. Recognizing the importance of tailored health communication, the research focuses on the textual and visual content of tweets to understand how messages attend to diverse cultural, religious, and ethnic groups. Qualitative analysis of 382 Tweets revealed 3 Major Themes related to COVID-19 and Easter and 4 Major Themes associated with Ramadan. Easter-related tweets emphasized celebrating safely and the importance of vaccinations using science-based messaging, slang, and playful imagery. Ramadan-related tweets prioritized safety during religious practices, incorporating traditional symbols and religious references; countering vaccine-related myths; and social responsibility. The findings highlight culturally relevant health communication and tailoring messages to specific cultural contexts. The study contributes insights for public health organizations aiming to improve communication strategies during pandemics, fostering engagement, and addressing the unique needs of diverse populations.
How to Establish Credibility? The Influence of Expression Manner on Tourist Information Adoption
Authors: Li Chunxiao , Liu Hongxu , Li Lin
Published: July 2024

This study utilizes source credibility theory to examine how two manners of expression act as cues for source trustworthiness and expertise, impacting potential tourists’ adoption intentions. Importantly, we explore the interplay between source identity and the manner of expression. Throughout this investigation, four empirical studies were undertaken, integrating social media analytics and three experiments. Findings show that high effort and certainty expressions increase potential tourists’ willingness to adopt information, mediated by benevolence-based and competence-based trust, respectively. Particularly, high effort expression is more effective when the source is a tourist, while high certainty expression is more effective with local residents. The research findings suggest that platforms and destination managers should encourage local residents to focus on enhancing certainty expression when generating user-generated content, while encouraging tourists to focus on enhancing effort expression. Additionally, these findings provide insights for crafting guides tailored to different identity information sources.
Justiciability as a Constitutional Limitation on Federal Jurisdiction
Authors: Tjandra Jonathan
Published: July 2024

Justiciability, or non-justiciability, has been regarded as a difficult and indeterminate concept in Australia. This article provides a definition of justiciability in order to clarify the interaction of justiciability with the grant of federal jurisdiction in Chapter III of the Constitution, as well as with related doctrines, such as the act of state doctrine and the American political question doctrine. It argues that justiciability is a constitutional limitation on federal jurisdiction to matters that are capable of being resolved by the exercise of federal judicial power. Accordingly, broad statements that certain subject matters are always non-justiciable should be rejected. Instead, it is necessary to demonstrate exactly what grounds a matter is said to be non-justiciable, arising from the text and structure of the Constitution.
Australian Popular Political Constitutionalism
Authors: Partlett William
Published: July 2024

Analysing the Australian convention debates of the 1890s, this article will show how the text of the Australian Constitution broke with British political constitutionalism by guaranteeing ‘the people’ a direct role in Australian political constitutionalism. This system of Australian ‘popular political constitutionalism’ has since led to distinct practices and debates. First, this unique form of political constitutionalism explains the implications the High Court has drawn from Sections 7 and 24 of the Constitution. The critical question for this jurisprudence is how the Court can protect the role of the people without undermining Australian political constitutionalism. Second, this popular political constitutionalism has also shaped the evolving role of proportionally elected upper houses in representing more than a simple majority in Australian parliamentary governance. This practice raises the question of how Parliament can move beyond majoritarianism without creating too many checks on political majorities.
Adolescent Firesetting as a Risk Marker for Adult Externalizing and Internalizing Problems: Analysis of a 40-Year Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Kerr Jessica A. , Tyler Nichola , Foulds James A. , Boden Joseph M.
Published: July 2024

Within the Christchurch Health and Development Study ( N = 1,265), we examine the prevalence and continuity of firesetting across the life course and explore whether adolescent firesetting is a risk marker for adult internalizing and externalizing behaviors. Life course continuity of firesetting was low. Adolescent firesetting (3%) correlated with antisocial behaviors and adverse family circumstances. Independent of conduct disorder, adolescent firesetting showed limited associations with adulthood internalizing outcomes, but associated with most externalizing outcomes (e.g., cannabis use disorder, OR = 2.08, 95% CI = [1.14, 3.78]). Further adjustment for antisocial tendencies and family circumstances reduced associations; the largest effect to remain was for alcohol use disorder (OR = 2.08, 95% CI = [1.19, 3.63]). Therefore, for most externalizing behaviors, adolescent firesetting is a marker (i.e., indicates future risk), but not an independent risk marker (i.e., does not have independent specificity). For adolescents who set fires, clinical treatment should assess comorbid conduct disorder and family instability and consider a range of problematic outcomes.
Selective feature block and joint IoU loss for object detection
Authors: Wang Junyi , Hua Ruzhao , Jiang Xuezheng , Song Kechen , Meng Qinggang , Saada Mohamad
Published: July 2024

Object detection is an important problem in the field of computer vision, and feature fusion and bounding box regression are indispensable in mainstream object detection approaches. However, some detectors adopt Feature Pyramid Network, which increases training and detection time. In terms of the regression loss function, some recent techniques based on Intersection over Union (IoU) loss have negative effects on bounding box regression. To overcome these shortcomings, we propose Selective Feature Block (SFBlock) and Joint IoU (JIoU) loss in this article. The proposed SFBlock adaptively selects the features extracted from the Backbone and fuses them into a new feature. We add a penalty term of the intersection area between the prediction box and the target box on Generalized IoU (GIoU) loss to solve the problem that GIoU loss degenerates into IoU loss when the prediction box and the target box are surrounded by each other. A large number of ablation experiments and comparative experiments are carried out to prove the effectiveness of the proposed methods on various models and datasets.
Love Lost in Translation: Avoidant Individuals Inaccurately Perceive Their Partners’ Positive Emotions During Love Conversations
Authors: Gauvin Stéphanie E. M. , Maxwell Jessica A. , Impett Emily A. , MacDonald Geoff
Published: July 2024

Empathic accuracy—the ability to decipher others’ thoughts and feelings—promotes relationship satisfaction. Those high in attachment avoidance tend to be less empathically accurate; however, past research has been limited to relatively negative or neutral contexts. We extend work on attachment and empathic accuracy to the positive context of love. To do so, we combined data from three dyadic studies ( N = 303 dyads) in which couple members shared a time of love and rated each other’s positive emotions. Using the Truth and Bias Model of Judgment, we found that individuals higher (vs. lower) in attachment avoidance were less accurate in inferring their partners’ positive emotions during the conversation, but did not systematically over- or under-perceive their partners’ positive emotions. Our results suggest that avoidant individuals may be less sensitive to positive cues in their relationships, potentially reducing relational intimacy.
Linking persistence and executive functions with later academic achievement
Authors: Kälin Sonja , Oeri Niamh
Published: July 2024

Executive functions (EF) and task persistence are key factors in academic development. However, EF and persistence have rarely been examined together, and it remains unclear whether these two constructs are independently related to intellectual development. The present study addressed this gap by examining whether EF and persistence in kindergarten predict math and reading achievement in second grade. We assessed 88 children (51% female; mean age = 73.4 months) on EF and persistence tasks at T1 and obtained teacher ratings of their academic competence at T2 (mean age = 94.6 months). Regression analyses showed that both EF and persistence predicted math achievement, but only EF predicted reading achievement. To sum up, our findings suggest that persistence may be particularly relevant for math, reflecting the ability to endure and sustain. These are skills that are typically not captured by EF measures. Consequently, early interventions should target EF and persistence to support children’s mathematical potential.
Career experiences of rural music teachers in Jilin Province, China
Authors: Zhou Rui , Choi Jiel , So Hyejin
Published: July 2024

Music education is important for students’ development, and thus music teachers play a key role. However, there is a scarcity of research on music teachers’ experiences of teaching in rural schools in China. This study explores the in-depth experiences of rural music teachers in China. Nine music teachers in rural schools were interviewed, and interview data were analyzed using a phenomenological research method. Two themes and six categories emerged: (1) navigating barriers in rural music education (undervaluing music education, difficulties in teaching based on curriculum standards, heavy workload, dissatisfaction with teacher training); and (2) empowering through music: enhancing skills and well-being (improving musical capacity, promoting psychological changes). Results show that rural music teachers in China faced practical difficulties regarding the perception of music education, teaching required content, and lack of professional development. However, the outcomes of music education for students were positive, in that they improved their musical competencies and experienced psychological changes. Study findings will contribute to the development of rural music teachers and provide insights for educational administrators in China.
Applying intersectionality in vision impairment research: A scoping review
Authors: Bassey Emmanuel , McGrath Colleen , Teachman Gail , Caxaj Susana
Published: July 2024

There are calls for better application of theory in health research. Applying intersectionality theory in vision impairment research is critical because it affords an in-depth understanding of social issues, including their causes. Explicit application of intersectionality theory can further enhance research and practice in vision impairment; yet, there is a paucity of research on how intersectionality theory is applied and the degree to which it can guide vision impairment research. The purpose of this scoping review was to understand how intersectionality theory has been applied within vision impairment research and how it can be used to guide further vision impairment research development. A scoping review was conducted to examine and summarize the extent, range, and nature of the application of intersectionality theory within vision impairment research. Four electronic databases were searched from inception in April 2023, resulting in 1632 unique records. Inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in 19 articles being identified for further analysis. The application of intersectionality theory in vision impairment research was seen most frequently among authors in the field of anthropology and human and movement science. The way in which intersectionality theory was taken up in vision impairment research is described using three overarching themes including: (1) as a lens for the interpretation of findings; (2) as a general conceptual framework for the article; and (3) as a tool for data analysis.
Improving self-concept and social adjustment in visually impaired female students through the perspective of positive psychology interventions (PPIs)
Authors: Khodabakhshi-Koolaee Anahita , Malekitabar Alireza
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of positive psychology interventions (PPIs) in improving self-concept and social adjustment in visually impaired female students. This quasi-experimental study was conducted using a pre-test–post-test design with a control group. The participants were 30 visually impaired female students studying in public high schools in Tehran, Iran, in 2023. The students were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two groups: intervention and control groups (each 15). The participants’ mean( SD) age was 15.52 ± 2.21 years, and their ages ranged from 15 to 16 years. Data were collected using the Rogers Self-Concept Scale and the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS). The participants in the intervention group attended eight 80-min PPI sessions. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS software using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The findings indicated that the PPI improved the self-concept ( p = .01; F = 23.8) and adjustment ( p < .001; F = 66.12) in visually impaired female students ( p = .01; F = 23.8). Moreover, the PPI was more effective in the students’ emotional adjustment ( p < .001; F = 66.12), but it did not affect the social and academic adjustment of the students ( p = .39; F = 0.74) ( p = .115; F = 73.2). If a visually impaired person fails to adapt to her conditions and environment, she will feel low self-concept, insecurity, and failure, which can lead to maladaptive behaviors. It seems that positive psychology can significantly affect the mentioned factors.
Open Access in language testing and assessment: The case of two flagship journals
Authors: Liu Meng , Al-Hoorie Ali H. , Hiver Phil
Published: July 2024

This study is a systematic examination of the open access status of research in two flagship language testing and assessment journals: Language Testing and Language Assessment Quarterly. Coding and analysing 898 articles, we investigated (a) the prevalence of open access in four aspects—open manuscripts, open materials, open data, and open code, and (b) the relationship between open access and various characteristics of research, tests, and researchers. Our study revealed a positive trend in the adoption of open access over time, with open manuscripts and materials showing notable increases. Open code and data have remained scarce, though with a recent uptick from a low base. Notably, logistic regression results suggest inequitable participation in open access as authors from the Global South were less likely to have open manuscripts. Recognising the potential role of flagship journals as trend and standard setters, we call on the field to (a) shift towards more equitable open access models, (b) balance intellectual property concerns with validation needs, (c) recognise open code and open data with protected access via dedicated badges, and (d) adopt Research Transparency Statements, a new reporting structure inclusive of methodological and epistemological differences in open research practices.
Using music to feel better: Are different emotion-regulation strategies truly distinct?
Authors: Kahn Jeffrey H , Enevold Kaylee C , Feltner-Williams Destiny , Ladd Kendall
Published: July 2024

People use music to regulate their emotions in a variety of ways. Whereas some of these strategies are conceptually and empirically distinct from one another, other strategies are not wholly distinguishable. We examined the distinctiveness among strategies used to regulate emotions via music listening. College students ( N = 274) completed an online questionnaire with closed-ended and open-ended items designed to measure their use of music to regulate emotions and other music- and emotion-related measures. Confirmatory factor analyses suggested that some of the strategies in Saarikallio’s taxonomy are not completely distinct from one another, yet correlations between these strategies and other functions of music listening and absorption in music suggested a fair amount of empirical similarity among most of these functions. Qualitative analysis suggested that, in addition to strategies described by Saarikallio, people use music to remember, to feel calm, and to match their mood. This mixed-methods research therefore suggests that both constricting and expanding prior taxonomies of strategies to regulate emotions via music could be warranted.
Causal pathways of potential factors affecting participation level of individuals with unilateral cerebral palsy
Authors: Bingol Hasan , Fidan Hande , Asena Sel Sinem , Burc Eda , Gunel Mintaze Kerem
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Although most children with unilateral cerebral palsy can achieve independent mobility levels with or without assistive devices, they remain susceptible to decreased participation. This study aimed to explore the potential factors affecting participation of children with unilateral cerebral palsy.

Method:

Fifty children with unilateral cerebral palsy were enrolled. The degree of spasticity in the upper limb muscles was assessed using the Modified Ashworth Scale, active range of motion of the upper limb joints was assessed using a universal goniometer, and activity performance was measured using the ABILHAND-Kids and Gross Motor Function Measure. Environmental factors and mental health were evaluated using the European Child Environment Questionnaire and Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire. The Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation was used to assess participation.

Results:

Path analysis showed that upper limb impairment had both direct (β = −0.41; p < 0.05) and indirect (β = 0.64; p < 0.001) effects on participation. Most importantly, it was found that the participation of children with unilateral cerebral palsy was notably influenced by environmental factors and mental health (β2 = −0.42; p < 0.05, and β2 = −0.36; p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Participation of children with unilateral cerebral palsy is affected by a combination of functioning and contextual factors.
From relational thinking to relational politics of responsibility: Reclaiming outrage in economic geography
Authors: Rosenman Emily
Published: July 2024

Informed by economic geography’s history and by contemporary feminist thought, this exchanges commentary proposes the strategic reclamation of outrage to inform the construction and purpose of explanation in the subfield.