bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of The Machine Learning Approach using Optuna in Heart Disease Prediction
Authors: Hadianti Sri
Published: September 2023

Heart disease prediction is a critical area in healthcare, as early identification and accurate assessment of cardiovascular risks can lead to improved patient outcomes. This study explores the application of machine learning techniques for predicting heart disease. Various data attributes, including medical history, clinical measurements, and lifestyle factors, are utilized to develop predictive models. A comprehensive analysis of different machine learning algorithms is conducted to determine their efficacy in classification tasks. The dataset used for experimentation is sourced from a diverse patient population, enhancing the generalizability of the findings. Through rigorous evaluation and validation, the study aims to identify the most suitable machine learning approach for effectively predicting heart disease. The results highlight the potential of machine learning as a valuable tool in assisting healthcare professionals in making informed decisions and providing personalized care to individuals at risk of heart disease
Efficient Finite Difference Approaches for Solving Initial Boundary Value Problems in Helmholtz Partial Differential Equations
Authors: Faraj Bawar Mohammed , Rahman Shnyar Karim , Mohammed Deni Adnan , Hozan Dlshad Hilmi  , Akgul Ali
Published: September 2023

This study presents numerical solutions for initial boundary value problems of homogeneous and nonhomogeneous Helmholtz equations using first- and second-order difference schemes. The stability of these methods is rigorously analyzed, ensuring their reliability and convergence for a wide range of problem instances. The proposed schemes’ robustness and applicability are demonstrated through several examples, accompanied by an error analysis table and illustrative graphs that visually represent the accuracy of the solutions obtained. The results confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed schemes, making them valuable tools for solving Helmholtz equations in practical applications.
The Role of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) in Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Suka Rahmatsyah Deddy Canceria , Harnavi Harun  , Deka Viotra
Published: September 2023

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 plays an important role in kidney disease. In several studies, the role of MCP-1 as a urine biomarker has been extensively studied. In many kidney diseases, there are elevated levels of MCP-1 in the kidney tissue and this is an important cause of monocyte infiltration in the pathogenesis of kidney damage. Elevated urinary MCP-1 levels have been able to predict outcome in proliferative kidney diseases such as lupus nephritis. However, in several studies it was also found that there was an increase in MCP-1 in diabetic kidney disease. Macrophages have even appeared early in diabetic kidney disease and are associated with the progression of kidney disease. Urinary MCP-1 levels are related to the degree of leukocyte infiltration in the tubulointerstitial. This supports inflammatory factors as part of the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease.
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid upregulates reticulophagy receptor expression and promotes cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cells
Authors: Li Jia-Yao , Tian Tian , Han Bing , Yang Ting , Guo Yi-Xin , Wu Jia-Yu , Chen Yu-Si , Yang Qin , Xie Ru-Jia
Published: September 2023

Esophageal cancer (EC) ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumors affecting the digestive tract. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) stands as the prevailing pathological subtype, encompassing approximately 90% of all EC patients. In clinical stage II-IVA locally advanced ESCC cases, the primary approach to treatment involves a combination of neoadjuvant therapy and surgical resection. Despite concerted efforts, the long-term outcomes for ESCC patients remain unsatisfactory, with dismal prognoses. However, recent years have witnessed remarkable strides in immunotherapy, particularly in the second- and first-line treatment of advanced or metastatic ESCC, with the development of monoclonal antibodies that inhibit programmed death 1 or programmed death ligand 1 demonstrating encouraging responses and perioperative clinical benefits for various malignancies, including ESCC. This comprehensive review aims to present the current landscape of perioperative immunotherapy for resectable ESCC, focusing specifically on the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors during the perioperative period. Additionally, the review will explore promising biomarkers and offer insights into future prospects.
Analisis Kepuasan Pegawai Atas Kepemimpinan
Authors: Anwar Samsul
Published: September 2023

Employee satisfaction is an important factor in maintaining productivity, loyalty and overall organizational performance. One of the factors that has a big influence on employee satisfaction is the leadership in the organization. Effective leadership is able to motivate, guide, and provide support to employees. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the level of employee satisfaction with leadership in an organization. The main objective of this study is to analyze the level of employee satisfaction with leadership in the organization. This study also aims to identify the factors that influence employee satisfaction with leadership, as well as evaluate the impact of employee satisfaction on their performance and loyalty. The research method used in this study is a quantitative survey method. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires to all employees in the organization that was the subject of the study. The questionnaire is designed to measure the level of employee satisfaction with leadership, as well as collect information about the factors that influence this satisfaction. Data analysis was performed using various statistical techniques, including path analysis to identify the influence between variables. The results of this study indicate that most employees in the organization have a high level of satisfaction with leadership. Factors such as effective communication, support from superiors, and recognition for employee contributions have a significant positive impact on employee satisfaction. In addition, employee satisfaction has also been shown to have a positive correlation with their performance in the organization and a high level of loyalty. This shows the important role of effective leadership in creating a work environment that motivates and meets the needs of employees.
Dinamika Kebijakan Keuangan dan Dampaknya terhadap Valuasi Saham dalam Sektor Otomotif Indonesia
Authors: Septian Andri
Published: September 2023

The automotive sector in Indonesia has a key role in the country's economic growth. Automotive company financial policies, such as the use of debt and dividend distribution, have become important topics of discussion in the context of the dynamics of automotive company stock prices. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of debt policy and dividend policy on stock prices of automotive companies in Indonesia. This study uses historical data on debt policy, dividend policy, and stock prices of automotive companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the last 5 years. Panel regression analysis is used to measure the effect of debt policy and dividend policy on stock prices. The results of the study show that debt policy and dividend policy have a significant influence on the stock prices of automotive companies in Indonesia. More specifically, this study found that the wise use of debt and the right dividend policy can have a positive impact on the stock value of automotive companies.
Features of Germany’s Migration Policy in the Second Half of the XXth Century — the Beginning of the XXIst Century
Authors: PYLYPCHENKO Oleg , SEMENETS-ORLOVA Inna
Published: September 2023

The migration policy of European countries, built on the interaction of two principles of social development — the principle of humanism and pragmatism — is tested for strength in modern conditions, which forces it to adapt and change. Taking into account the future that awaits Ukraine, the need to build a migration policy aimed, among other things, at the return of its population after the end of hostilities, the analysis of foreign experience in building a national migration policy seems relevant and timely. The article examines the main aspects of Germany’s migration policy from the end of World War II to the present. The processes that took place during the analysed time period allow us to draw a conclusion about a radical change in the migration paradigm of Germany as one of the most successful states of the European Union and as a state endowed with the largest migration load. The main qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Germany’s migration policy have been studied. Special attention is paid to the study of migration legislation. It was concluded that, having made a number of mistakes and miscalculations in the migration policy, the German government was able to take into account the accumulated historical experience, adapting it to modern realities. In order to prevent mistakes that were made in the past regarding migration policy, and to mitigate the existing negativity in society, the Federal Republic of Germany has developed a toolkit aimed, at a minimum, at mitigating the presence of migrants in society, their social adaptation, and at most — at full their integration. Maintaining a balance between the interests of migrants, the interests of the public and the state has been chosen as the most important state task. Special emphasis is placed on integration courses, which include language and familiarization courses for migrants to acquire knowledge of the German language, social and cultural characteristics of the native population of Germany.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN PERAN SUAMI DENGAN PELAKSANAAN PIJIT ENDORPHIN PADA IBU PASCA PERSALINAN DI BPM “J” BENGKULU
Authors: PUTRI YESI , SARI LEZI YOVITA , ROSSITA TAUFIANIE
Published: September 2023

Pengetahuan manusia didasari oleh rasa ingin tahu, usaha dalam mencari tahu, dan dari pengalaman yang dimilik. Dalam kaitannya dengan pemeliharaan kesehatan, individu merespon perilaku lingkungan, perilaku kesehatan untuk dirinya sendiri. Munculnya endorfin dalam tubuh bisa dipicu melalui berbagai kegiatan, seperti pernafasan yang dalam, relaksasi dan mediasi. Sensasi relaksasi pada ibu disarankan melalui: terapi pijat, akupunktur, yoga, olahraga, relaksasi, hipnosis, music terapi dan aromaterapi. Melalui peningkatan peran suami pada masa nifas dalam memberikan pijat endorphin lembut penuh cinta, dapat membantmnu merangsang produksi hormone endorphin yang dapat membantu mengendalikan perasaan stress, melepaskan perasaan tidak nyaman setelah proses persalinan, meningkatkan relaksasi otot, melepaskan perasaan tidak nyaman dan meningkatkan system kekebalan tubuh sehingga dapat mencegah masalah psikologis selama masa postpartum. Tujuan Penelitian : Hubungan Pengetahuan Dan Peran Suami Dengan Pelaksanaan Pijit Endorphin Pada Ibu Pasca Persalinan di BPM “J” Bengkulu. Desain Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik yang digunakan adalah pendekatan Cross Sectional. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil Penelitian berdasarkan Chi-Square Test, hubungan pengetahuan dengan pelaksanaan pijit endorphin pada ibu pasca persalinan diperoleh p=0.001, dan hubungan peran suami dengan pelaksanaan pijit endorphin pada ibu pasca persalinan diperoleh p=0,000. Kesimpulan: Terdapat Hubungan pengetahuan dan peran suami dengan pelaksanaan pijit endorphin pada pasca persalinan di BPM “J” Bengkulu.
The Role of Staff in Shaping Undergraduate Students Behavior for Sustainable Academic Performance at The Catholic University of Eastern Africa
Authors: Mpunza Jenifer Abel , Mutabazi Michel
Published: September 2023

Shaping student behaviour has become a major focus of education worldwide. As educational institutions seek to prepare students for success in an increasingly competitive and complex world, they recognize the need to not only teach academic content, but also to develop students' socio-emotional skills, character and values such as ethics and integrity, honesty and truthfulness. In universities, there have been cases of students involved in exam malpractices, such as copying, doing exams for others, poor study practices, and weak adherence to ethical conduct and integrity. Besides, a notable proportion of the undergraduate students tends to deviate from positive behaviours upon entering campus life which affects their academic performance. This study, by using quantitative and qualitative research methods, descriptive design, and purposive sampling of 80 students and 40 teaching and non-teaching staff, examined the role of staff in shaping the behaviour of undergraduate students at the Catholic University of Eastern Africa, main campus, Nairobi, for sustainable academic performance. Questionnaires were administered by the researchers to collect data from respondents. The results showed that the participants strongly agreed with the notion that efficient classroom management plays a crucial role in creating a conducive learning environment and enhancing student behaviour. It was also found that role modelling has an influence on the students’ behaviour for sustainable academic performance. Moreover, respondents strongly agreed that students' guidance and counselling played a significant role in shaping their behaviour. Besides, the results showed that the attitudes of students have a considerable influence on their behaviour, making it essential to address negative attitudes to encourage desirable conduct. The study recommends that the institution should implement regular classroom observations and provide constructive feedback. The University should identify individuals with a track record of academic and personal success to serve as positive role models for the students. Staff training initiatives that prioritise the development of effective communication skills should be implemented. Involving students in developing and implementing initiatives related to behaviour change for sustainable academic performance is highly recommended.
Assessing the Implementation of University Management Strategies for Combating Examination Misconduct in Tanzanian Universities
Authors: Rwezaura Prisca , Sarakikya Afrael M , Okendo Evans O
Published: September 2023

This study assessed the implementation of university management strategies for combating examination misconduct in Tanzanian universities. It was guided by the Theory of Planned Behaviour developed by Ajzen in 1991. The study employed a convergent research design under mixed methods research approach. The target population was 27 universities, 51,489 students, 708 lecturers, 27 Chief examination officers and 27 Directors of quality assurance from which the sample size of 460 was selected through probability and non-probability sampling procedures. A questionnaire, document analysis guide and interview guide were used to collect data. Source triangulation and research experts ensured validity. Reliability was ensured through Cronbach alpha and intercoder agreement techniques. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics whereas qualitative data was analysed through thematic analysis. The study found that strategies such as penalties for examination offenders and checking for student’ illegal material were moderately implemented and there was a significant relationship between the levels of implementation of university management strategies for combating examination misconduct and the occurrence of various forms of examination misconduct in Tanzanian universities. The study concluded that university management strategies are not effectively implemented and there is a significant relationship between the levels of implementation of university management strategies and the occurrence of various forms of examination misconduct. The study recommends that universities in Tanzania in collaboration with Tanzania Commission for Universities should review and/or formulate academic integrity policies that will specify and uphold universities’ ethical principles and values as well as practices of appropriate examination conduct for handling policy violations to realize quality examinations
Tecnologías Mediadoras entre la Familia y la Escuela Rural en tiempo de Pandemia
Authors: Muñoz Muñoz Dilsa Estela , Navarro Leal Marco Aurelio
Published: September 2023

El presente artículo surge de una investigación que trabaja sobre la situación afrontada por las familias en escuelas rurales y la manera en que atendieron las tareas escolares a la par que las tareas domésticas, durante el período de la pandemia del covid-19, valiéndose de las tecnologías mediadoras a las que podían acceder. La intención aquí es exponer de manera comparativa la forma como los padres de familia de dos comunidades rurales de aula multigrado unidocente en Colombia y México, afrontaron el confinamiento. La metodología empleada para esta investigación adquirió un enfoque cualitativo, en el que las mismas categorías fueron utilizadas para entrevistar a padres de familia de las dos escuelas multigrado seleccionadas en ambos países. La comparación entre ambas está basado en las propuestas relacionales de la educación comparada (Bray, Adamson, & Masan, 2010) en las que las unidades de comparación no son desprendidas del contexto. La utilización de una técnica de análisis de contenido (Krippendorff, 1990) para el análisis de las entrevistas, permitió detectar una gran similitud entre ambas escuelas, así como una revaloración de la figura del padre de familia, además del reconocimiento que adquiere la presencia de los abuelos, característica de las familias extendidas en las zonas rurales.
ANALYSIS OF WORK DURATION AND WORK LOAD WITH COMPLAINTS OF MUSCULOSCELETAL DISORDERS (MSDS) ON LAUNDRY WORKERS IN DUNGINGI DISTRICT THE CITY OF GORONTALO
Authors: Irwan Irwan , Suma Juwita , Katili Deliyana I , Madjowa Tirsa Khairunisa
Published: September 2023

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are disorders of the musculoskeletal system that cause symptoms such as pain. MSDs complaints occur in parts of the skeletal muscles that a person feels, ranging from very mild to very painful. The novelty of this research is that it examines the length of work and workload with complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between work duration and workload with complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) among laundry workers in Dungingi District, Gorontalo City. This study uses quantitative research with an analytic survey approach with a cross-sectional design. The sample in this study was 82 respondents, namely laundry workers with a working period of ≥ 2 years in Dungingi District, Gorontalo City. Data analysis using Chi-Square test analysis. The results show a relationship between the length of work and complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders with a value (p = 0.006 0.05). There is also a relationship between workload and complaints of musculoskeletal disorders with a value (p = 0.007 0.05). In conclusion, the longer the duration of a person's work can increase the incidence of MSDs complaints, and the heavier the workload workers receive can raise MSDs complaints.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO EARLY INTRODUCTION OF COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING : META ANALYSIS STUDY IN INDONESIA
Authors: Azrimaidaliza Azrimaidaliza , Helmizar Helmizar , Huda Chica Nahdatul
Published: September 2023

More than 40% of mothers in the world, including Indonesia, have given food other than breast milk when the baby is less than six months old. Various factors can lead to early complementary feeding in Indonesia. The novelty of this research is because it examines about factors associated with early complementary feeding in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with early complementary feeding in Indonesia. This study used a quantitative design and meta-analytical analysis technique. Articles were included in this study, which were searched using Google Scholar, Garuda Portal, and ISJD databases. A total of 1,157 identification articles, with keywords ((early complementary feeding, complementary feeding administration in infants aged 0-6 months, early breastfeeding or prelacteal feeding) and (factors or factors related to, risk factors, knowledge) mother or education level, family support, support health workers, promotion of complementary feeding products, baby porridge, baby biscuits, formula or culture) and (cross sectional or case control) and (region in Indonesia)). The search was performed using the Indonesian language. Fifteen articles were systematically reviewed and included in this meta-analysis.  There is no significant relationship between maternal education level, family support, support from health workers and culture with early complementary feeding in Indonesia. Mothers’ low knowledge of exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding is one of the factors contributing to early complementary feeding in Indonesia. Conclusion is Mother which low knowledge is at risk 2.63 times to have early introduction of complementary feeding for baby (95% Cl; 1.14-6.09).
RISK FACTORS FOR ACUTE NASOPHARYNGITIS IN THE WORK AREA OF THE PUSKESMAS (PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER) TOLANGOHULA
Authors: Boekoesoe Lintje , Puluhulawa Ilyas
Published: September 2023

Acute nasopharyngitis, coughs, and colds or colds are the most common people suffer from. Runny nose/runny nose (rhinorrhoea), blocked nose, sore throat and headache, mild fever, muscle aches, and body weakness (fatigue). The novelty of this study is that it examines the risk factors for acute nasopharyngitis. The research aims to determine whether there is an influence of risk factors for acute nasopharyngitis in the work area of the Tolangohula Health Center. The type of research used is quantitative research, cross-sectional design, using a sampling technique, namely purposive sampling. The sample obtained during the investigation was 150. Data analysis used the Odds Ratio (OR) test. The results of the study from 150 respondents had good knowledge, namely 87 respondents (58%) with the incidence of acute nasopharyngitis for the non-nasopharyngitis category, namely 7 respondents (8.0%) while in the smoking category for nasopharyngitis, namely 55 respondents (87.3%) and in-home environment that did not meet the requirements, namely 84 respondents (55.3%) with the incidence of acute nasopharyngitis for the non-nasopharyngitis category, namely 17 respondents (20.2%) and for the nasopharyngitis category, namely 67 respondents (79.8%). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between knowledge and the incidence of acute nasopharyngitis, with the obtained p-value = 0.000, where the OR value = 43.956. There is a relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of acute nasopharyngitis, p = 0.000, where OR = 8.865, and there is a relationship between the home environment and the incidence of acute nasopharyngitis, p = 0.000, where OR = 0.165.
On the Long Tails of Specimen Data
Authors: Ariño Arturo H.
Published: September 2023

A recent article by K.R. Johnson and I.F.P. Owens in Science (Johnson and Owens 2023) suggested that the 73 main natural history museums around the world collectively hold over 1 billion records of accessioned "specimens" (taken as collection units), a result remarkably close to, but obtained through a completely different method from, research published a decade earlier by A.H. Ariño in Biodiversity Informatics (Ariño 2010). Both sets of approaches have benefitted from information available at the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), which in the intervening years has grown by an order of magnitude, although mostly through observation-based occurrences rather than through accretion of specimen records in collections. When comparing the estimated size of collections and the amount of digital data from those collections, there is still a huge gap, as there was then. Digitization efforts have been progressing, but they are still far from reaching the goal of bringing information about all specimens into the digital domain.

While the larger institutions may doubtlessly have greater overall resources to try and make their data available than smaller institutions, how do they compare in terms of data mobilization and sharing? Not surprisingly, the distribution of the collection sizes shows a long tail of small institutions that, nonetheless, are also embarking on digitization efforts. Will this long tail of science actually manage to have all their biodiversity data available sooner than the larger institutions? It is becoming more widely recognized that data usability is predicated on data becoming findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR, Wilkinson et al. 2016). What could be the consequences of having a data availability bias towards having many tiny collections available for ready use, rather than a much smaller (although surely very significant) fraction of larger collections of a comparable type?

This presentation explores and compares the distribution of potential versus readily available data in 2010 and in 2023, examines what trends might exist in the race to universal specimen data availability, and whether the digitization efforts might be better targeted to achieve greater overall scientific benefit.
Regional Data Platform of West and Central African Herbaria
Authors: Ainsa Alice , Pamerlon Sophie , Archambeau Anne-Sophie , Beauvieux Rémi , Radji Raoufou , Chevillotte Hervé
Published: September 2023

In April 2021, a Biodiversity Information for Development (BID) project was launched to deliver a regional data platform of West and Central African herbaria, which just concluded in April 2023. A dataset containing 168,545 herbarium specimens from 6 different countries: Togo, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Benin, Guinea Conakry and Cameroon, is now visible on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) website and will be regularly updated. A checklist datatset (Radji 2023a) and an occurrence dataset (Radji 2023b) obtained from herbarium parts are also available on GBIF.

In addition, a Living Atlases portal for herbaria in West and Central Africa has been created to allow users to search, display, filter, and download these data. This application reuses open source modules developed by the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) community (Morin et al. 2021).

In addition to that, the RIHA platform (Réseau Informatique des Herbiers d'Afrique / Digital Network of African Herbaria) enables herbarium administrators to manage their own data. Thanks to all these tools, the workflow (Fig. 1) for data publication on GBIF is carried out regularly and easily and the addition of new member herbaria from West and Central Africa can be easily incorporated.
Elevating the Fitness of Use of GBIF Occurrence Datasets: A proposal for peer review
Authors: Barve Vijay
Published: September 2023

Biodiversity data plays a pivotal role in understanding and conserving our natural world. As the largest occurrence data aggregator, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) serves as a valuable platform for researchers and practitioners to access and analyze biodiversity information from across the globe (Ball-Damerow et al. 2019). However, ensuring the quality of GBIF datasets remains a critical challenge (Chapman 2005).

The community emphasizes the importance of data quality and its direct impact on the fitness of use for biodiversity research and conservation efforts (Chapman et al. 2020). While GBIF continues to grow in terms of the quantity of data it provides, the quality of these datasets varies significantly (Zizka et al. 2020). The biodiversity informatics community has been working diligently to ensure data quality at every step of data creation, curation, publication (Waller et al. 2021), and end-use (Gueta et al. 2019) by employing automated tools and flagging systems to identify and address issues. However, there is still more work to be done to effectively address data quality problems and enhance the fitness of use for GBIF-mediated data.

I highlight a missing component in GBIF's data publication process: the absence of formal peer reviews. Despite GBIF encompassing the essential elements of a data paper, including detailed metadata, data accessibility, and robust data citation mechanisms, the lack of peer review hinders the credibility and reliability of the datasets mobilized through GBIF.

To bridge this gap, I propose the implementation of a comprehensive peer review system within GBIF. Peer reviews would involve subjecting GBIF datasets to rigorous evaluation by domain experts and data scientists, ensuring the accuracy, completeness, and consistency of the data. This process would enhance the trustworthiness and usability of datasets, enabling researchers and policymakers to make informed decisions based on reliable biodiversity information.

Furthermore, the establishment of a peer review system within GBIF would foster collaboration and knowledge exchange among the biodiversity community, as experts provide constructive feedback to dataset authors. This iterative process would not only improve data quality but also encourage data contributors to adhere to best practices, thereby elevating the overall standards of biodiversity data mobilization through GBIF.
Retiring TDWG Standards and How Mapping Standards Could Support Agility
Authors: Lewers Kristen "Kit"
Published: September 2023

Since its genesis in September 1985, TDWG (formerly Taxonomic Databases Working Group now Biodiversity Information Standards) has become the steward of standards for the biodiversity informatics community; however, there is not yet a process for retiring standards. This talk will educate the community members on TDWG Standard categories of "Current Standard", "Prior Standard", "2005 Standard", and the history and context of how these categories came to be. It will also report on the progress the TAG (Technical Architecture Group) has made on moving towards creating a process for retiring standards through auditing, community participation, and other methods.

Mapping TDWG standards can provide an agility to address overlaps, gaps, contradictions, and/or inconsistencies between standards in a proactive manner. Mapping standards' relationships provides infrastructure to support decision-making, combat information overload, and give context to the community as it continues to progress at a rapid pace. More specifically for TDWG, it gives a clear picture how updating, ratifying, and/or retiring a singular standard impacts the greater TDWG information ecosystem and how to update adjacent standards to preserve clarity and consistency for the community as a whole.
New species of Mallocybe (Agaricales, Inocybaceae) from Pakistan, based on morphological and molecular evidence
Authors: Saba Malka , Khalid Abdul Nasir , Sarwar Samina
Published: September 2023

Within the family Inocybaceae, many species of Mallocybe have been reported, but there are only a few reports of this genus from Pakistan. In this study, six collections of Mallocybe were studied by morphological and phylogenetic methods. Phylogenetic analyses, based on sequence data from two different loci (ITS and LSU) using Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony methods, have been performed to infer species relationships within Mallocybe. Results indicated that these six collections encompass two new species of Mallocybe i.e. M. pakistanica and M. pinicola, from Pakistan. Their detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations are also provided. In addition, comparison with morphologically closely-related taxa is also discussed. Previously, only two species of this genus have been recorded from Pakistan and, with this addition, the total number of reported taxa of Mallocybe has been raised to four from Pakistan. A key to the described taxa of Mallocybe from Pakistan is also provided.
Species richness and endemism patterns of Sternorrhyncha (Insecta, Hemiptera) in China
Authors: Zhao Zhengxue , Feng Xueli , Zhang Yubo , Wang Yingjian , Zhou Zhengxiang , Liu Tianlei
Published: September 2023

One of the main goals in biogeography and ecology is the study of patterns of species diversity and the driving factors in these patterns. However, such studies have not focused on Sternorrhyncha in China, although this region hosts massive species distribution data. Here, based on the 15,450 distribution records of Sternorrhyncha species in China, we analyzed patterns in species richness and endemism at 1° × 1° grid size and determined the effects of environmental variables on these patterns using correlations analysis and the model averaging approach. We found that species richness and endemism of Sternorrhyncha species are unevenly distributed, with high values in the eastern and southeastern coastal regions of mainland China, as well as Taiwan Island. Furthermore, the key factors driving species richness and endemism patterns are inconsistent. Species richness patterns were strongly affected by the normalized difference vegetation index, which is closely related to the feeding habits of Sternorrhyncha, whereas endemism patterns were strongly affected by the elevation range. Therefore, our results indicate that the range size of species should be considered to understand the determinants of species diversity patterns.
Description of the female of Atherimorpha latipennis Stuckenberg (Diptera, Rhagionidae): the first record of brachyptery in Rhagionidae
Authors: Midgley John M. , Muller Burgert S.
Published: September 2023

The genusAtherimorphaWhite, 1915 is a Gondwanan relic, occurring in South America, Southern Africa and Australia. Females are rarely collected, and are not described for more than half of the known species. The female ofAtherimorpha latipennisStuckenberg, 1956 was collected for the first time in 2021 and is described here, along with a redescription of the male. We describe the differences from the male, with the reduced wings and poorly defined scutellum the most noteworthy. The female ofA. latipennisrepresents the first recorded case of brachyptery in the family Rhagionidae. Possible drivers of brachyptery in Afrotropical Diptera are briefly discussed.
L’Agence française du médicament après le scandale du Mediator
Authors: Nouguez Étienne , Bergeron Henri , Castel Patrick , Coutant Hadrien
Published: September 2023

Cet article analyse le « travail de restauration institutionnelle » (ensemble d’actions et dispositifs) effectué par l’Agence nationale de sécurité du médicament (ANSM) pour redorer sa réputation et son pouvoir de régulation durablement mis à mal en 2011 par le scandale du Mediator. L’étude des transformations de ses relations avec les autres agences européennes, entreprises pharmaceutiques, associations de patients et de médecins et les médias montre qu’elle a approfondi son interdépendance avec un nombre croissant de parties prenantes. La cooptation de nouvelles parties prenantes (associations de victimes, usagers de médicaments et médecins-praticiens) a ensuite reconfiguré ces relations et mis à distance celles qui étaient autrefois centrales (entreprises pharmaceutiques et key opinion leaders). Enfin, l’Agence a intégré les risques sociopolitiques, inhérents à un environnement de plus en plus complexe, à son approche traditionnelle de la régulation des risques biomédicaux.
La production de l’évidence hétérosexuelle chez les enfants
Authors: Diter Kevin
Published: September 2023

Questionner l’amour et la sexualité des enfants n’est pas chose aisée en sciences sociales, d’autant qu’il s’agit de domaines considérés comme étant faits par et pour les adultes. Pourtant, dès l’entrée en CP, les tou·tes-petit·es sont loin d’être désintéressé·es par le sujet et ont a minima une petite idée de ce dont il s’agit, à savoir une relation intime entre un garçon et une fille . L’objectif de cet article est de souligner les différents processus par lesquels l’hétérosexualité s’impose durant l’enfance, avec l’évidence du naturel et le naturel de l’évidence . À partir d’une enquête ethnographique et d’entretiens auprès d’enfants de 6 à 11 ans, il montre les différentes manières dont les adultes et les pairs entretiennent l’idée que la sexualité serait exclusivement orientée vers l’autre sexe, à travers de multiples présomptions hétérosexuelles et taquineries homophobes qui contribuent à invisibiliser les amours homosexuelles potentielles. Quelques mineures exceptions à cette évidence existent, notamment chez les filles et les enfants des classes supérieures, en raison d’une éducation sentimentale moins strictement (hétéro)sexuée.
Parler de sexualité à ses enfants
Authors: Court Martine
Published: September 2023

Depuis les années 1970, les normes relatives à l’éducation sexuelle des enfants au sein de la famille ont profondément évolué. Contre le « régime de non-dit » qui dominait jusqu’alors, les parents sont désormais invités à parler de sexualité avec leurs enfants avant même l’entrée dans la puberté. Cette parole constitue aujourd’hui une marque de bonne parentalité, tandis que son absence apparaît souvent comme le signe d’un manque de « modernité » éducative. À partir d’une enquête auprès de familles d’enfants de 10-11 ans, l’article étudie comment les parents s’approprient – ou non – cette norme de discussion sur la sexualité dans la famille, et montre que cette appropriation repose sur des ressources et des intérêts socialement situés. Il analyse également ce que l’application de cette norme – ou son absence – produit sur les enfants en termes de socialisation, en démontrant que les pratiques des parents sont inégalement propices à l’acquisition précoce des savoirs savants sur la sexualité et à l’apprentissage de la manière légitime de parler de ce sujet.
Sorties de conflits, politiques de réparations et mobilisations collectives. Un regard comparé Kosovo-Pérou
Authors: Duclos Nathalie , Azevedo Valérie Robin
Published: September 2023

Résumé Cet article croise les regards d'une politiste et d'une anthropologue travaillant sur deux terrains très différents, le Kosovo et le Pérou, mais avec un questionnement commun sur une dimension structurante des sorties de conflits : la place des victimes et les processus de (re)catégorisation. Il s'agit d'interroger le bricolage local de catégories globales issues de la justice transitionnelle qui a conduit à l'élaboration de politiques publiques « réparatrices » de la guerre mais avec des situations nationales opposées, analysées par le biais des mobilisations mémorielles des anciens belligérants, débouchant sur leur stigmatisation au Pérou et sur leur héroïsation au Kosovo. Comment les collectifs d'ex-combattants se sont-ils mobilisés sur le plan mémoriel et commémoratif pour exposer et chercher à imposer dans l'espace public la reconnaissance de leurs engagements passés ? Comment ont-ils articulé ces revendications à des demandes de réparations ? Ces études de cas éclairent les enjeux des sorties de conflits en contexte d'imbrication du national et de l'international et conduisent à réfléchir aux limites des politiques transnationales et uniformisantes de gestion du post-conflit qui évacuent souvent les enjeux de pouvoir locaux au bénéfice de la catégorie de victime innocente.
Abîmes du terrain : impensés, indicibles
Authors: Ragaru Nadège
Published: September 2023

Résumé Que faire de données de terrain potentiellement heuristiques dont les conditions de production doivent être tues, parce qu'elles engageraient le dévoilement d'éléments de la subjectivité des chercheur·es, la mise en danger des enquêté·es et/ou l'explicitation de pratiques illicites ? Comment aborder les enjeux de sécurité sur des terrains dont les dangers, jamais nommés, ni même incidemment abordés en cours, ne rentrent pas dans les catégories usuelles du péril ? Telles sont quelques-unes des questions que j'aborde en revenant sur la trajectoire d'une jeune chercheure partie effectuer un terrain sur l'introduction de la compétition politique dans un ancien régime est-européen... avant de se retrouver confrontée à des pratiques de traites des êtres humains, de crime organisé et de règlements de comptes armés. Au c ur d'une réflexion à la tonalité mordante résident les enjeux de réflexivité, d'éthique et de formation.
Compagnonnages incertains : 25 ans d'enquêtes de terrain sur la classe politique mexicaine
Authors: Combes Hélène
Published: September 2023

Résumé Comment se construit la relation d'enquête quand on travaille sur des hommes et des femmes politiques, figures nationales, prises en permanence dans des controverses sur les formes légitimes du politique ? Que fait-on d'un matériau collecté parfois à son corps défendant dans les zones grises de la politique et de l'enquête ? Je reviens ici sur les indicibles de l'enquête dans le cadre d'une trajectoire d'étude de la classe politique mexicaine depuis 25 ans. Je m'attache en particulier à comprendre leur place dans ma pratique du terrain mais aussi dans mon appréhension des phénomènes politiques. Pour cela, je m'appuie sur l'analyse du compagnonnage de deux groupes politiques rivaux et, en particulier, de deux figures politiques nationales ­ un homme (Horacio) et une femme (Luzmaria) ­ tous deux emprisonnés à quinze ans d'intervalle pour usage de fonds publics dans des campagnes électorales.
La recherche sur la Russie en France après le 24 février 2022. Le temps des tâtonnements
Authors: Daucé Françoise , Rousselet Kathy
Published: September 2023

Résumé La guerre d'agression massive de la Russie contre l'Ukraine, engagée en février 2022, vient radicalement bouleverser le paysage de la recherche sur les sociétés anciennement soviétiques. Face aux brutalités de la guerre, d'un côté, au durcissement autoritaire en Russie, de l'autre, les possibilités d'enquête et de débat scientifique sont mises à mal, et posent de lourds défis aux chercheurs travaillant sur cet espace. Dans cet essai à deux voix, nous relisons nos trajectoires d'enquête en Russie au cours de ces trente dernières années ; nous tâtonnons ensemble à la recherche de nouvelles méthodes et de nouveaux cadres d'analyse pour penser le tournant en cours. Soucieuses d'éviter l'écueil de l'exceptionnalisme national et du « communautarisme scientifique », nous en appelons toujours et encore au comparatisme.
Les droits, masques de la rationalisation gestionnaire ? Processus de traduction des droits des personnes handicapées dans l’action publique départementale
Authors: Mongy Aymeric
Published: September 2023

Depuis le début des années 2010, l’offre médico-sociale a fait l’objet de vives critiques. Ce contexte invite à interroger la portée concrète des gains engrangés par les personnes handicapées et leurs organisations en matière de droits aux soins. Notre article se propose de saisir la manière dont le travail de mise en œuvre des droits interagit avec l’agenda des institutions publiques locales, largement déterminé par l’impératif de réduction des dépenses. Il mobilise à cette fin une enquête localisée des luttes et appropriations autour d’un droit nouveau, institué à l’issue d’une offensive judiciaire parentale et censé garantir une « réponse » effective et individualisée à chaque demande d’accompagnement. De l’enquête, il résulte que, sujettes aux investissements tactiques de leurs maîtres d’œuvre, ces « réponses » adressées aux ressortissant·es du champ du handicap constituent moins des droits effectifs qu’un instrument de rationalisation gestionnaire contournant les demandes de moyens supplémentaires.
Une ambivalente reconnaissance : la réception de la « reconnaissance de la qualité de travailleur handicapé »
Authors: Bouchet Célia , Revillard Anne
Published: September 2023

En France, un quota d’emploi fixe à 6 % la proportion minimale de personnes reconnues handicapées dans les effectifs des entreprises et des administrations. Sa mise en œuvre suppose une catégorisation comme « travailleur handicapé », dont la principale modalité est un statut administratif, la « reconnaissance de la qualité de travailleur handicapé » (RQTH). À partir de 67 entretiens biographiques avec des personnes ayant un handicap moteur, une déficience visuelle ou un trouble dys, nous analysons la réception ambivalente de ce statut par ses ressortissants. La RQTH a en effet des implications plurielles : assignation identitaire potentiellement stigmatisante, prérequis à des aménagements raisonnables et hypothétique levier de discrimination positive. Les arbitrages des personnes varient selon la visibilité de leur déficience et la socialisation reçue. Les demandes de RQTH et leurs mentions lors de candidatures à des postes sont courantes voire contraintes parmi les personnes handicapées motrices ou déficientes visuelles, plus atypiques parmi les personnes ayant des troubles dys.
Réguler les intelligences artificielles ? De l’intérêt de revenir aux fictions du cyberpunk pour comprendre un défi non résolu
Authors: Rumpala Yannick
Published: September 2023

Au sein de la science-fiction, le sous-genre cyberpunk a été important dans la représentation spéculative des « intelligences artificielles » et de leurs effets. Entre fascination et anxiété, ces récits littéraires offrent aussi un laboratoire réalisant un travail de problématisation et faisant déjà apparaître un ensemble d’enjeux de régulation et de contrôle. Partant des principales œuvres de ce courant, notamment celles des premiers auteurs américains des années 1980, l’article propose d’appréhender ces représentations et ce que ces mises en scène révèlent comme difficultés ou même risques pour les humains dans leurs rapports avec ces entités. Il revient ensuite plus précisément sur les tentatives esquissées pour retrouver des formes de contrôle et, surtout, sur les limites presque inévitables qu’elles permettent de repérer et de penser.
Itinéraires discursifs d’une nomination : la santé publique en temps de pandémie
Authors: Moirand Sophie , Reboul-Touré Sandrine
Published: September 2023

On s’interroge sur les sens du mot santé publique à travers ses itinéraires discursifs dans les sciences humaines et sociales et à propos de pandémies historiques (la peste) ainsi que d’une pandémie contemporaine (la covid-19). On analyse l’influence de ses co-textes et contextes dans les récits médiatiques de la presse quotidienne nationale et régionale, lors de moments ou d’ instants discursifs particuliers. C’est ainsi que les récits sur « le risque », lorsqu’il apparaît dans le contexte de la covid-19, ne résonne pas de la même façon dans les propos « cités » ou « représentés » des communautés discursives concernées. Ce qui nous permet d’expérimenter sur des textes d’actualité, le dialogisme de Bakhtine, les travaux sur les récits médiatiques inspirés par Ricœur, ainsi que des propositions actuelles autour d’une sémantique discursive « renouvelée ».
Vivre le Maroc aujourd’hui
Authors: Heydt Jean-Marie
Published: September 2023

La véritable économie d’un pays ne peut se limiter à des chiffres ; elle se mesure également par son environnement social. Dans ce sens, la place de l’humain y est déterminante. Nous l’avons privilégié en matière de protection sociale, de système éducatif et d’exercice citoyenne par les femmes mais aussi pour le développement des territoires. Le Maroc a été reconnu comme le pays africain le plus attractif en 2022, ceci témoigne des performances économiques et de la stabilité politique du pays. Pour arriver à un tel niveau d’évolution, l’impact de l’éducation, particulièrement celui de l’autonomisation des femmes, est essentiel. Il contribue à l’égalité et la complémentarité des sexes pour un meilleur développement de la cohésion sociale. Cette dynamique humaine a favorisé les effets positifs de la régionalisation pour tous les citoyens et encore plus pour ceux qui vivent dans la région du Sahara marocain. En effet, la croissance locale répond à des besoins humains qui reposent sur de nombreux projets, souvent à grande valeurs ajoutées. Les Marocains et marocaines résidant à l’étranger ne s’y sont pas trompés en investissant dans ces perspectives ; ils y représentent une ressource précieuse pour le pays.