bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Amino Acid and Peptide Conjugates of 5-Bromovaleric Acid
Authors: Kumar Saurav , Kaur Harpreet , Kumar Sahil , Verma Nitin , Singh Rajesh Kumar
Published: July 2024

Background:

Among various carboxylic acid derivatives, valeric acid or pentanoic acid
is found to be widely distributed in nature. It is a straight-chain alkyl carboxylic acid containing
five carbon atoms. Due to the therapeutic value of valeric acid, it is used as a versatile nucleus in
the pharmaceutical field. Valeric acid derivatives are associated with a broad spectrum of biological
activities, like anticonvulsant, antiplatelet, antidiabetic, and plant growth activities.

Aim:

It has previously been revealed that peptide derivatives of carboxylic acids are accountable
for enhanced antimicrobial activity. Therefore, it was hypothesized that coupling peptides with
valeric acid would increase the antimicrobial properties of the target compounds. So, the objective
of the present study was to synthesize peptide derivatives of 5-bromovaleric acid and evaluate their
antibacterial and antifungal activities.

Methods:

5-bromovaleric acid was synthesized by the reaction of cyclopentanone and hydrogen
peroxide in the presence of copper bromide and sodium bromide. Additionally, 5-bromovaleric acid
was coupled with amino acid methyl esters, dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides in the presence
of dicyclohexylcarbodimide (DCC) and N-methylmorpholine (NMM) as a base under continuous
stirring for 36 hours to produce its peptide derivatives.

Results:

The results obtained showed that 5-bromovaleric acid possesses more potent antibacterial
activity than N-terminal 5-bromovaleric acid conjugates of selected di-, tri, and tetra peptide Cterminal
methyl esters against ciprofloxacin as a standard. The selected dipeptide and tripeptide Nterminal
5-bromovaleric acid-conjugated C-terminal methyl ester derivatives were more active than
the selected tetrapeptide methyl ester analogue. Using fluconazole as a reference, the antifungal
efficacy of 5-bromovaleric acid against C. albicans and A. niger declined as it was combined with
C-terminal methyl esters of selected dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides.

Conclusion:

The novel selected peptide derivatives had less antibacterial and antifungal action than
the parent 5-bromovaleric acid. Antibacterial and antifungal investigations showed that 5-
bromopentanoic acid peptide derivatives might impair antimicrobial efficacy. Further, attaching 5-
bromopentanoic acid to di, tri, and tetra peptides did not boost their antibacterial potential.
Assessment of the Detoxification Potential of Modified Biochar from Annona senegalensis Stem Bark on Cr6+ and Cu2+ in Aqueous Solution: An
Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies
Authors: Aminu Omale , Romanus Ekere Nwachukwu , Audu Omale Jamila , Ngozi Ihedioha Janefrances , Asabe Negedu Ramatu , Attah Egu Samuel
Published: July 2024

Background:

Environmental contamination of the air, water, soil, and food has become a
threat to the continued existence of many plant and animal communities in the ecosystem. The chemically
activated stem bark of Anonna senegalensis was examined for equilibrium sorption.

Methods:

This study aimed to assess the adsorption of Cr6+ and Cu2+ onto Annona senegalensis carbon
(ASC) according to the following parameters: pH, solution temperature, starting metal ion concentration,
agitation duration, dose of adsorbent, particle size, and carbonization temperature using a
simultaneous batch adsorption method. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, intra-particle diffusion
kinetic, Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models were all
fitted using the equilibrium sorption data that were produced. Thermodynamic parameters of the
adsorption studies were also evaluated.

Results:

The physicochemical analysis of ASC showed ash content of 7.21 ± 0.02%, moisture content
of 11.73 ± 0.29%, and porosity of 0.99 ± 0.08 with bulk density of 0.18 g/cm3. The heavy metalloaded
scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrograph showed a filled pit, and the XRD diffractogram,
as well as FTIR spectra, revealed peaks that were different from the raw spectra, implying
functionalization. The sorption data gave optimum conditions of the adsorption process to be pH of
6, agitation time of 88 minutes, adsorbent dose of 2.5 g/g, initial metal ion concentration of 5 mg/L,
temperature of 30°C, particle size of 0.154 mm and carbonization temperature of 400°C.

Conclusion:

The Langmuir isotherm was found to give the best-fit conformation of all the models
based on superior R2 (R2 ≥0.99). Dubinin-Radushkevich proved the mechanism to be physisorption.
The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best fits the data with R2 of 0.998 and 0.986 for Cr6+ and
Cu2+. Thermodynamic results of the study revealed that ΔHᵒ for Cr6+ and Cu2+ were 32.78 and 27.14
KJ/mol and are all positive, implying an endothermic process and confirming the physisorption
mechanism. The entropy change, ΔSᵒ, was also positive, revealing a high degree of disorderliness at
the sorbate/sorbent interphase. The standard Gibbs free energy, ΔGᵒ, were all negative, showing
spontaneity and feasibility.
In silico Screening of Plectranthus amboinicus and Hyptis suaveolens Phytochemicals: Novel Repellents Targeting Odorant Binding Proteins of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Authors: Jebastin Thomas , Wilson Jeyaraj John , Sisubalan Natarajan , Sudhakar Dharmarajan Raja , Sivamaruthi Bhagavathi Sundaram , Abuthakir Mohamed Husain Syed , Sevarkodiyone Subramanian , Chaiyasut Chaiyavat
Published: July 2024

Background and Aim:

Mosquitoes significantly threaten public health, transmitting dangerous diseases to humans and animals. Conventional insecticide spraying, while common, has limitations in effectively controlling vector-borne diseases. Many chemical pesticides harm humans and animals, and some persist in the environment and cause toxic effects. Recently, there has been renewed interest in plant-based products due to concerns about insecticide re-sistance, cross-resistance, potential toxicity associated with synthetic options, and rising costs. Therefore, this study aimed to screen the Plectranthus amboinicus and Hyptis suaveolens phy-tochemicals targeting the odorant binding proteins (OBPs) of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopic-tus.

Methods:

In this study, we conducted molecular docking analyses using specific plant-derived compounds from H. suaveolens and P. amboinicus.

Results:

We focused on the interaction of these compounds with OBPs from dengue and chikungunya vectors (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus). The selected phytochemical com-pounds exhibited strong binding with the OBP of both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Tetrahy-drofuran-2-carboxylic acid, Carvacryl acetate, and Brallobarbital showed high binding affinity and significant interaction with Ae. aegypti. Tetrahydrofuran-2-carboxylic acid and 3-Methyl-4-isopropylphenol also demonstrated substantial binding affinity and effective interaction with Ae. albopictus OBP.

Conclusion:

These findings suggest that the identified compounds can potentially disrupt the attraction of mosquitoes to humans, thus reducing human-vector contact. They may offer a promising alternative for developing natural and efficient mosquito repellents, surpassing cur-rently used synthetic options like N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide, and other conventional repel-lents.
Optimization of Performance, Emissions, and Vibration in a
Hydrogen-Diesel Dual-Fuel Engine Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Shaik Subani , Domakonda Vinay Kumar , Shaik Farooq , T Ch Anil Kumar
Published: July 2024

Background:

Dual-fuel diesel engines using hydrogen as a secondary fuel source are a
promising technology for reducing emissions while maintaining engine performance. However, optimizing these engines for all three aspects (performance, emissions, and vibration) simultaneously
presents a challenge.

Objective:

This study aimed to address this challenge by employing Response Surface Methodology, a statistical technique used to optimize multi-variable processes. The goal was to find the ideal
combination of engine load, hydrogen flow rate, and compression ratio that would maximize Brake
Thermal Efficiency while minimizing Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption, Nitrogen Oxide emissions, and engine vibration.

Method:

A Box-Behnken design, a specific type of design optimization with three factors and three
levels, was employed. The experiment evaluated the impact of three key factors: engine load (ranging from 0 - 12 kg), hydrogen flow rate (0-15 L/min), and compression ratio (16 to 18:1). The effects of these factors on performance, emissions, and vibration were measured.

Results:

The results revealed a trade-off between achieving optimal performance and minimizing
emissions. The highest Brake Thermal Efficiency and lowest Brake-Specific Fuel Consumption
were achieved at a high compression ratio (18:1), maximum hydrogen flow rate (15 L/min), and
under full engine load (12 kg), corresponding to a brake power of 3.5 kW. However, these conditions also resulted in higher NOx emissions and vibration levels. Conversely, minimizing NOx and
vibration occurred at a lower compression ratio (16:1), with the same maximum hydrogen flow rate
(15 L/min), but at a significantly reduced engine load (3 kg), resulting in a much lower brake power
of 0.875 kW.

Conclusion:

These findings highlight the complex relationship between performance, emissions,
and vibration in a hydrogen-diesel dual-fuel engine optimized using Response Surface Methodology. While optimal conditions were identified for specific goals, achieving all desired characteristics
simultaneously across the entire operating range remains a challenge.
Carbonnanotubes: New Chemotherapeutic Drug Delivery Systems for
Targeted Cancer Treatments
Authors: Bhirich Nihal , Meknassi Ghita Salime , Yafout Mohamed , Rahali Younes
Published: July 2024

The complexity of the management of cancerous conditions requires innovative strategies, including the pharmacotechnical optimization of treatments. The improvement of galenic
forms, or more generally of drug delivery, represents a rapidly developing area of research, particularly in oncology, in order to remedy side effects and drug resistance remains a worrying
problem. Carbon nanotubes CNTs consist of thin sheets of benzene carbons coiled into a seamless
tubular structure. These CNTs have remarkable size and surface properties that make them the ideal vehicle for targeted and selective drug delivery. Different in vitro and in vivo experiments have
proven that these particles can be easily modified in such a way that the chemical drug can be delivered directly to the tumor site. Additionally, different types of ligands can be loaded on the surface of CNTs to improve selectivity or modulate drug release. On the other hand, advances in carbon nanotubes could well lead to a more effective understanding of biological and physicochemical processes. This will make it possible to find compounds more compatible with carbon nanotube technology and facilitate their use.
An Update on the Association of COVID-19 and Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Authors: Wal Pranay , Grover Poorvi , Sahapuriya Princi , Solunke Rahul Shivajirao , Aziz Namra
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown have sparked global terror and apprehension.
This phenomenon has led to short-term as well as long-term psychosocial and mental health implications
for all. This paper aims at reviewing the prevalence, pathophysiology and treatment of various
neuropsychiatric disorders in the pandemic era. We conducted a review and collected articles before
and during the COVID-19 pandemic and presented a comparative study of the prevalence of neuropsychiatric
disorders before COVID-19 and during COVID-19 pandemic. We selected articles and
thematically organized them. Prevalence, pathophysiology, and treatment techniques were studied.
We can conclude that the time has come to ensure that the special opportunities presented by this
pandemic can translate advocacy to resourcing, ensuring that actionable outputs are delivered for
better mental health services. This is necessary given the ground level as well as grassroots support
for increased funding for mental health services as well as the apparent desire across all sectors for
improved service provision. Longitudinal investigations are required for the assessment of long-lived
psychological disorders of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings need comprehensive evaluation
and rehabilitation post-COVID-19 to promote quality of life.
Liposomal Drug Delivery: Progress, Clinical Outlook, and Ongoing Challenges
Authors: Tiwari Chanchal , Tomer Jigyasa , Kumar Dharmendra
Published: July 2024

:

The liposomal drug delivery system is considered an advanced drug delivery technology
for formulating lipid core nano-structured particles using lipids from natural and synthetic sources.
Liposomes play a wide role in improving drugs with less solubility and greater toxicity profile. Liposomes
have numerous advantages, such as enhanced drug loading, good biocompatibility, prolonged
drug release profile, and better pharmacokinetic properties. Numerous attempts have been
made in this field in the last few years, and lots of liposomal formulations are currently being sold
all over the world, and few are under clinical study. Liposomal delivery technology improves the
challenges of encapsulating poor soluble drugs and maintains the stability of the formulation, along
with improving the challenges of in-vivo outcomes of liposomes. The present review discussed the
brief outline of the liposome drug delivery system, the innovations in the clinical application, and
the significant challenges in liposomal technology.
In silico Analysis of Berberine as a Potential Therapeutic Approach for Various Signalling Pathways Linked to Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Majhi Sagarika , Vinayak Chaitanya , Chauhan Iti , Verma Madhu , Sharma Sourabh
Published: July 2024

Background:

Alopecia is defined by a loss of hair density and is often considered a
symptom of multiple illnesses, such as infection and inflammation.

Objective:

The molecular mechanisms underlying the hair-promoting effects include inhibition of
5α-reductase activity, reducing the binding affinity of Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to androgen receptors,
and decreasing/down-regulating TGF-β2 activity, which have a suggestive role in androgenetic
alopecia. Finasteride and minoxidil are the approved non-surgical treatment alternatives
for hair loss, but they cause side effects in patients. Therefore, bioactive phytoconstituents with
multiple targets can be used to find novel, secure, and efficacious hair-promoting medicinal products.

Methods:

This study has carried out the in silico evaluation of berberine using various software.
To find possible interactions between the 5α-reductase enzyme and Transforming Growth Factor--
beta 2 (TGF-β2), a critical protein involved in the human hair development cycle, computer-aided
drug discovery was employed.

Results:

According to in silico studies, berberine has been found to bind well to the 4K7a and
6M2N binding sites. The drug has been found to adhere to Lipinski's rule of five, and its pharmacokinetic
characteristics were noteworthy. Drug-likeness and Absorption, Distribution,
Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) properties showed appreciable results. Furthermore,
berberine showed docking scores of -8.4 (5α-reductase) and -7.1 (TGF-β2), which were significantly
better than minoxidil (-4.8, -3.2). In general, the drug exhibited improved binding interactions,
and the possible toxicity investigations provided very little basis for risk prediction.

Conclusion:

The current protocol has offered experimental support for berberine's possible therapeutic
use in reducing male pattern baldness. Therefore, it can be a possible target for the therapy
of androgenetic alopecia through the regulation of TGF-β2 and 5α-reductase activity.
Lekcje religii a pytania egzystencjalne dziecka na etapie wczesnoszkolnym. Studium przypadku ucznia zdolnego, rozwijającego się asynchronicznie
Authors: Lisowska Kinga
Published: July 2024

W dynamicznie rozwijającym się świecie, pełnym zmian kulturowo-społecznych, gospodarczych i politycznych człowiek od wieków poszukuje odpowiedzi na podstawowe pytania odnoszące się do: narodzin – trwania – śmierci. Dziecko, kształtując swoją tożsamość, mocniej doświadcza braku ugruntowanej struktury myślenia w zakresie ciągłości jego bytu, sensu i celu życia, śmierci własnej i bliskich mu osób. Powinno mu się umożliwić odnalezienie własnej drogi w tym zakresie w takich przestrzeniach jak szkolna lekcja religii, której znaczenie w poszukiwaniu odpowiedzi przez ucznia klasy II szkoły podstawowej na pytania egzystencjalne przedstawiono w niniejszym artykule.
Badania oparto na indywidualnym studium przypadku: 8-letniego chłopca, ucznia klasy II, którego funkcjonowanie egzystencjalne zostało zdeterminowane przez szkolną lekcję religii w okresie dwóch lat nauki. Charakteryzuje się ono: ciągłością w konstruowanych pytaniach oraz zmianą w doświadczaniu: poczucia braku sensu i celu życia, śmierci, poszukiwania i wartościowania elementów dobra i zła. W pierwszym roku szkolnej lekcji religii chłopiec „wyciszył” strach przed końcem bytu ludzkiego, a w drugim uświadomił sobie, że źródłem odpowiedzi na nurtujące go pytania są: wartości, zasady i przykłady zawarte w wierze katolickiej i wspólnocie Kościoła.
Targeting COVID-19 and Human Resources for Health News Information Extraction: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Ravaut Mathieu , Zhao Ruochen , Phung Duy , Qin Vicky Mengqi , Milovanovic Dusan , Pienkowska Anita , Bojic Iva , Car Josip , Joty Shafiq
Published: July 2024

Background

Global pandemics like COVID-19 put a high amount of strain on health care systems and health workers worldwide. These crises generate a vast amount of news information published online across the globe. This extensive corpus of articles has the potential to provide valuable insights into the nature of ongoing events and guide interventions and policies. However, the sheer volume of information is beyond the capacity of human experts to process and analyze effectively.

Objective

The aim of this study was to explore how natural language processing (NLP) can be leveraged to build a system that allows for quick analysis of a high volume of news articles. Along with this, the objective was to create a workflow comprising human-computer symbiosis to derive valuable insights to support health workforce strategic policy dialogue, advocacy, and decision-making.

Methods

We conducted a review of open-source news coverage from January 2020 to June 2022 on COVID-19 and its impacts on the health workforce from the World Health Organization (WHO) Epidemic Intelligence from Open Sources (EIOS) by synergizing NLP models, including classification and extractive summarization, and human-generated analyses. Our DeepCovid system was trained on 2.8 million news articles in English from more than 3000 internet sources across hundreds of jurisdictions.

Results

Rules-based classification with hand-designed rules narrowed the data set to 8508 articles with high relevancy confirmed in the human-led evaluation. DeepCovid’s automated information targeting component reached a very strong binary classification performance of 98.98 for the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) and 47.21 for the area under the precision recall curve (PR-AUC). Its information extraction component attained good performance in automatic extractive summarization with a mean Recall-Oriented Understudy for Gisting Evaluation (ROUGE) score of 47.76. DeepCovid’s final summaries were used by human experts to write reports on the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusions

It is feasible to synergize high-performing NLP models and human-generated analyses to benefit open-source health workforce intelligence. The DeepCovid approach can contribute to an agile and timely global view, providing complementary information to scientific literature.
INTEGRATION OF THE LYAPUNOV FUNCTION METHOD FOR ANALYZING THE STABILITY OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IN THE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY
Authors: ARTEMYEV V.S. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, Moscow, Russian Federation, MOKROVA N.V. ,   Russian Biotechnological University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2024

The functioning of agro-industrial enterprises is considered from electrical equipment operation, quality and stability of automated controlled systems. Energy consumption management is an important task of agro-industrial enterprises, directly related to the stability of electric energy conversion devices. The stability analysis model implemented by the authors makes it possible to improve the quality of control of electrical equipment. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a method for ensuring the stability of electrical equipment of agricultural enterprises using Lyapunov functions. (Materials and methods) Proposed the integration of the Lyapunov function method into the agro-industrial complex management systems for stability analysis and forecasting of the state of electrical equipment. The stator currents of the drive motor and the speed characteristics of the rotor rotation were analyzed. We studied the electric motor as a second-order link, evaluated the equilibrium position of the system under consideration, and discussed the stability range of the system described by a homogeneous differential equation. The method of Lyapunov functions was used to assess the stability of dynamic systems. This allows stability analysis and determining critical points of failure of electrical equipment. (Results and discussion) It was determined that the stability conditions found out using Lyapunov functions depend both on the selected function V(x) and on the equations of the system in state variables. Practical examples of the integration of the Lyapunov function method into automated agricultural production systems, which demonstrate an increase in the stability of electrical equipment, were given. (Conclusions) The possibility and method of using Lyapunov functions for estimating the parameters of an electrical control system have been shown, which makes it possible to successfully solve the problem under consideration, and to propose this approach for solving similar applied problems related to estimating the parameters of ordinary differential equations. It was revealed that the proposed method has shown its efficiency and can be used to automate control facilities in agricultural production.
THE COMBINED FEED EQUIPMENT SELECTION’S INTEGRAL INDICATOR EFFECTIVENESS AT ITS PURCHASING STAGE
Authors: SIMACHKOVA M.S. ,   Нижегородский государственный инженерно-экономический университет
Published: July 2024

The combined feed equipment’s selection is an important stage in feed production development and optimization. This equipment quality and efficiency directly affect on the feed production process and, accordingly, the final product. At feed equipment purchasing, it is necessary a comprehensive assessment carrying out in order to make the right choice and production operation efficient ensuring. A comprehensive assessment includes the technical, technological and energy equipment’s characteristics analysis, economic feasibility, as well as its guarantees and maintenance. Only taking into account all these aspects, it is possible the optimal equipment choosing by meets an agricultural enterprise requirements and maximum profit bringing. Immediately before combined feed equipment purchasing, it is necessary the main criteria that will determine a priority for each livestock specific organization. The subject of this study - is theoretical foundations developing that allow to hold a comprehensive assessment of such combined feed equipment selection effectiveness at the stage of its purchasing. An integral indicator that determines the combined feed equipment effectiveness at its intended purpose using and as specific one for feed equipment selection’s effectiveness is proposed. At a complex criterion effectiveness evaluating, it is important taking into account not only the total indicators’ sum, but also the relative importance of each of them, that base on the relevant field specialists’ expert opinion is determined. To achieve maximum efficiency, it is important taking into account all aspects that are important at combined feed equipment for each specific enterprise buyer’s choosing. To increase the combined feed equipment selection’s efficiency at the stage of its purchasing, it is proposed a complex criterion formation’s scheme using. This scheme takes into account all indicators such as energy, technical and technological, economic and quality ones including. A scheme has been developed combined feed equipment selection’s efficiency at its purchase stage improving.
USING OF GASES’ CONCENTRATION IN TECHNOLOGICAL MODULE DURING THE BROILER GROWING PROCESS
Authors: TRIFANOV A.V. ,   ИАЭП - филиал ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ, PLAKSIN I.E. ,   ИАЭП - филиал ФГБНУ ФНАЦ ВИМ
Published: July 2024

There is no information on poultry emissions in national reports on anthropogenic gas release and greenhouse gas uptake. Gaseous pollutants are formed as a result of poultry enteric fermentation and fecal decomposition; their concentration depends on the ventilation efficiency and speed, as well as on density of poultry planting. Determination of greenhouse gas emissions amount from industrial poultry farming is an urgent task. The relative greenhouse gases emissions produced by poultry at the poultry house is approximately 0,045 kg in CO2 equivalent. At the same time, there is no information on the greenhouse gases’ concentration quantitative changing at poultry growing process. The aim of the study is greenhouse gases concentration change determining throughout the broiler chickens growing entire process. Studies of gases concentration in developed experimental technological module for broilers’ growing on each level of a two level battery have been carried out. Broiler chickens of the ROSS-308 cross for 6 weeks were raised. Greenhouse gas concentrations at the end of each week were measured. Due to the fact that the necessary temperature and humidity in the module were automatically maintained, only the natural ventilation system worked until the third week of cultivation, as a result the gas concentration inside the module increased, but did not reach the maximum of permissible concentration’s values. With the forced ventilation system’s automatic activation, the gases concentration at this technological module to minimum values was decreased. The gases’ concentration inside the module within the following limits varying: carbon dioxide - from 1029,9 to 4826,5 mg/m3, ammonia - from 2,05 to 23,11 mg/m3, hydrogen sulfide - from 0,12 to 0,96 mg/m3, methane - from 64,6 to 246,1 mg/m3. The gases’ concentration outside the technological module varies within the limits: carbon dioxide - from 366,4 to 1461,6 mg/m3, ammonia - from 0 to 3,42 mg/m3, hydrogen sulfide - from 0 to 0,35 mg/m3, methane - from 65,2 to 263,1 mg/m3.
Estimation of high-dimensional unitary transformations saturating the Quantum Cramér-Rao bound
Authors: Escandón-Monardes J. , Uzcátegui D. , Rivera-Tapia M. , Walborn S. P. , Delgado A.
Published: July 2024

We propose an estimation procedure for d-dimensional unitary transformations. For d>2, the unitary transformations close to the identity are estimated saturating the quantum Cramér-Rao bound. For d=2, the estimation of all unitary transformations is also optimal with some prior information. We show through numerical simulations that, even in the absence of prior information, two-dimensional unitary transformations can be estimated with greater precision than by means of standard quantum process tomography.
Здание Музея изобразительных искусств в пространствереконструируемой Москвы в 1930-е годы: идеи и проекты
Authors: Старостенко Юлия
Published: July 2024

В статье на примере здания Государственного музея изобразительных искусств (ГМИИ), построенного по проекту Р.И. Клейна в начале ХХ века, рассматривается такой малоисследованный сюжет в истории реконструкции Москвы 1930-х годов, как передвижка особо ценных сооружений. Несмотря на то, что здание музея в силу обстоятельств осталось на своём историческом участке и не подверглось никаким переделкам, сама история попыток такого рода служит наглядной иллюстрацией тех путей, которыми в поздние 1930-е годы планировалось вести преобразование города. Отдельное внимание в статье уделяется идее создания «музейного городка», обсуждавшейся на рубеже 1920-х – 1930-х годов в связи с проектированием А.В. Щусевым нового здания Третьяковской галереи на Волхонке рядом со зданием музея. Эта идея возродилась вновь в конце 1930-х годов, когда при обсуждении проблемы организации площади вокруг Дворца Советов возник план передвижки здания ГМИИ к Гоголевскому бульвару. Речь шла об объединении на одном участке ГМИИ, Музея Восточных культур, Музея Нового Западного искусства и др.
Система контроля сплошности бетона сталежелезобетонных конструкций на основе тепловизионного метода
Authors: Арленинов Пётр , Крылов Сергей , Калмакова Полина
Published: July 2024

Для набирающих популярность сталежелезобетонных конструкций существует проблема контроля сплошности бетона после бетонирования, если внешняя стальная оболочка является несъёмной опалубкой и отсутствует визуальный контроль затвердевшей бетонной поверхности – это в первую очередь трубобетонные конструкции и сталежелезобетонные конструкции с внешним листовым армированием. Целью выполненного исследования являлась разработка новой системы контроля сплошности бетона сталежелезобетонных конструкций на основе тепловизионного метода, используя которую будет возможно после бетонирования в конструкциях с закрытой для осмотра бетонной поверхностью без вскрытия металлической оболочки находить значительные дефекты в виде полостей и непробетонированных участков, которые могут являться критическими. Предлагаемая система контроля основана на тепловизионном исследовании металла поверхности сразу после бетонирования во время твердения бетона. Это возможно, поскольку при твердении и наборе прочности бетона происходит большое выделение тепла. На тех участках внутри конструкции, где имеется дефект – полость, непробетонированный участок, строительный мусор и т.д., то есть отсутствует плотный контакт бетона и внешнего стального листа, передача тепла будет осуществляется менее эффективно, и это можно зафиксировать с помощью тепловизора, при необходимости – с принудительным отводом тепла. Возможно получение аналогичных результатов при выполнении обратной задачи – нагрева конструкции снаружи. Полученные результаты экспериментов, а также законы теплотехники, описывающие перенос тепла между различными материалами, позволяют утверждать, что предложенная методика будет успешно работать. В настоящее время других неразрушающих методик определения и поиска внутренних дефектов в сталежелезобетонных конструкциях, позволяющих точно определить месторасположение и параметр дефекта, не существует. Предложенная новая методика была опробована на нескольких малых образцах, но уже сейчас можно сказать, что она будет пригодна для конструкций разных типов и конфигураций после проведения полномасштабных исследований, учитывающих толщину металла, объём конструкции и т.д.
Метод расчета естественного освещения в помещении с решеточным смарт-окном
Authors: Закируллин Рустам , Оденбах Ирина , Гирин Владимир
Published: July 2024

Описан метод расчёта естественного освещения в помещениях с решёточными смарт-окнами на основе ани-зотропной модели диффузной солнечной радиации. Представлены методы расчёта геометрических параметров решёточного оконного фильтра и временных характеристик светопропускания смарт-окна с таким фильтром. Получена новая формула для расчёта горизонтальной освещённости внутри помещения с решёточным смарт-окном для дальнейшего применения при расчётах коэффициента естественной освещённости (КЕО) и других показателей качества естественного освещения. Разработанный метод верифицирован с помощью численного моделирования круглогодичных показателей естественной освещённости в условиях города Оренбурга для хромогенного решеточного смарт-окна, а также, для сравнения, обычного смарт-окна со сплошным хромогенным слоем и обычного окна без каких-либо покрытий. Результаты расчётов показали преимущества решёточного смарт-окна по сравнению с обычным смарт-окном в окрашенном и обесцвеченном состояниях хромогенного материала и перед обычным (реально существующим) окном без покрытия.
Editorial
Authors: Stefanie Pillai Professor Dr.
Published: July 2024

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Young Speakers of a Heritage Language: Hakka Speakers in Vienna
Authors: Vollmann Ralf
Published: July 2024

Increased global migratory mobility lead to ‘superdiverse’ societies especially in urban agglomerations, with many family languages. Overseas Chinese, frequently in a secon­dary migration, reached European countries and established their own close-knit communities. A smaller portion of the Hakka community from Calcutta settled in Vienna (Austria) showing an interesting layering of identities as Chinese, Hakkas, Indians, Austrians -- with family ties to Toronto and other places. While the first generation of migrants is typically restrained by the linguistic barrier of the literate national language which is practically inaccessible to adult newcomers, their offspring is firmly embedded in the new culture, and therefore presents a last generation of speakers of the heritage language. In a series of qualitative interviews, young Hakka speakers from the (Austrian) Indian Hakka community were queried about their linguistic and identitarian situation, as well as their linguistic competence in Hakka, in the context of our global research on overseas Hakka usage. The young speakers effortlessly shifted from Hakka to German at kindergarten age, keeping Hakka as means of communication inside the family; some had to act as family translators when growing older. The Hakka language is held in high esteem but is being used and perceived strictly as a family language. Contrary to the older generation, there are no strong ties to other Hakka speakers, let alone a wider Hakka community. Hakka identity and family origin relate back to India and often globally spread-out families with whom English is the best means of communication. A Chinese ancestry is a fact without much influence on the lives. The linguistic competence in Hakka is restricted to their own dialect and familial matters, as is typical of ‘weak speakers’ of a declining minority language. The language shift to German, higher education, and their emancipation from the ‘ethnic’ profession of running Chinese restaurants are indications of the full integration of the next generation into the local culture.
A Minimalist Analysis of Relative Clauses in the Ifẹ̀ Dialect of Yorùbá
Authors: Ọlańrewájú Emmanuel Ọmọniyì
Published: July 2024

A considerable amount of scholarly works have been carried out on the syntax of relativisation in Yorùbá but with little attention paid to how the Ifẹ̀ dialect forms its relative clauses. This paper therefore, investigates the syntax of relative constructions in the Ifẹ̀ dialect detailing the strategies employed for them. Ten native speakers aged 60 years and above were purposively selected for structured oral interview based on their proficiency. Data were subjected to syntactic analysis using the Minimalist Program. The Ifẹ̀ dialect operates “kí” as its relative marker, this is optionally dropped. When the dialect stacks two or more relative clauses in a complex sentence it optionally drops only the first relative marker, others are always visible to the PF interface. The dialect operates Head Raising Analysis (HRA) whereby the relativised argument DPs are copied to the clause left peripheral position to check the [+Rel] feature on the Rel0. Relativisable constituents are subject DPs, object DPs (comprising direct objects, objects in serial verb constructions and prepositional objects) genitive DPs and prepositional complements. Relativising a VP/predicate, the dialect either externally merges the nominalised form of a verb as the specifier of the RelP or lexicalises the [+nominal] feature copied from the main verb at the spec RelP. The Ifẹ̀ dialect exhibits some dialectal variations lexically and structurally.
USAGE OF PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION IN DIGITAL IMAGES SELECTION FOR MONKEYPOX VIRUS PREDICTION AND DIAGNOSIS
Authors: (Corresponding Author) Akshaya Kumar Mandal , Deva Sarma Pankaj Kumar
Published: July 2024

Identifying skin diseases by using digital images of skin that are also automated, efficient, and accurate is critical for biomedical image analysis. Many researchers have developed numerous machine-learning techniques for the prediction and diagnosis of various diseases that help clinicians identify infections early and provide crucial data for virus management. In this work, we use the inherent attributes of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), such as exploration and exploitation, to identify images for monkeypox virus prediction and diagnosis. Alongside, monkeypox, chickenpox, smallpox, cowpox, measles, tomato flu, and normal skin images were all considered in this study for monkeypox virus prediction and diagnosis. We collect photos from the International Skin Imaging Collaboration (ISIC) for analysis and experimentation purposes. Finally, we compare the proposed model Particle Swarm Optimization- Monkeypox Virus (PSOMPX) for monkeypox virus identification with four distinct pre-trained deep learning models (e.g., VGG16, ResNet50, InceptionV3, and Ensemble). Then we use four performance evaluation metrics—accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score—to evaluate the model and analyze the outcomes of experiments. The experimental results obtained through the PSOMPX model significantly outperform other models due to its numerous traits.
La habitación a través del fútbol: conformación de espacios y posibilidades
Authors: Cabrera Baz Ángel Fernando
Published: July 2024

En este texto reflexionamos sobre las implicaciones de habitar, la necesidad de forjar espacios reconocibles para hacer la vida de manera compartida y disfrutable. Iniciamos con la búsqueda por comprender el acto de habitar, algunas de sus connotaciones y la puesta en práctica de valores al llevarlo a cabo, así como la configuración identitaria de ida y vuelta que esto conlleva. Posteriormente profundizamos en el juego, específicamente el fútbol, el porqué de su atracción tan acendrada en todos los espacios sociales, la invitación hacia el goce, aventura e integración que puede ofrecer por su llamamiento a la infancia y vinculación principalmente, sin dejar de reconocer sus posibilidades negativas, propias de la condición humana. Finalmente, habitar y fútbol confluyen en las dimensiones de tradición, mito, rito y narración por la capacidad que tienen de reflejar la vida moral y expresar comportamientos, esto especialmente bajo la perspectiva de MacIntyre, por su capacidad de generar encuentros en elementos supuestamente antagónicos.
La enseñanza de las prácticas corporales en educación física: una investigación sobre la lógica interna de deportes, juegos y otras disciplinas
Authors: Saraví Jorge Ricardo , Ruffino José David , Ruffino José David , Negri Daniela , Mantiñan Esteban , Laborda Rodolfo , Lombardo Néstor , Orlovsky Mario , Aldao Jorge , Merelli Martín , Knell Nicolás , Pellegrino Antonio
Published: July 2024

En este artículo presentaremos algunos avances del proyecto de investigación Lógica interna, prácticas corporales y Educación Física (actualmente en curso de desarrollo en la UNLP, Argentina). A través de un estudio cualitativo realizado en diversos deportes, juegos y otras disciplinas, nos interesa conocer y explicar cómo opera el conocimiento de la lógica interna de las prácticas al momento de ser enseñadas por parte de los docentes de Educación Física. Nuestro trabajo de campo se encuentra finalizado y luego de realizar los análisis de las observaciones, nos encontramos procesando los materiales surgidos de las entrevistas. Desde ese marco ofreceremos en esta ocasión resultados parciales y algunas primeras conclusiones investigativas.
Características y demandas administrativas de las organizaciones deportivas del municipio de Medellín
Authors: Cardona Mejía Liliana , Padierna Cardona Juan , Córdoba Arboleda Mauricio , González Palacio Enoc
Published: July 2024

Este artículo es producto de la investigación “El perfil profesional del educador físico en la administración deportiva, a la luz de las organizaciones deportivas del Municipio de Medellín – Antioquia” desarrollada por la Universidad de Antioquia en asocio con la Universidad de San Buenaventura. Presenta los resultados de una fase de la investigación referida a las características y demandas administrativas que las organizaciones deportivas tienen en relación con el desempeño profesional en el área de la administración deportiva. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 142 dirigentes de clubes, ligas y entes deportivos seleccionados a partir de una técnica de muestreo probabilístico estratificado. La información fue sistematizada y analizada en hoja de cálculo del programa Excel. Se encontró que los dirigentes deportivos son profesionales de diversas áreas de estudio con escasa formación posgradual, especialmente a nivel de maestría y doctorado. Las estructuras organizativas son cortoplacistas referidas a tareas operativas del día a día.
Comparative evaluation of machine learning algorithms for rainfall prediction to improve rice crops production
Authors: Akram Beenish Ayesha , Zafar Amna , Waheed Talha , Khurshid Khaldoon , Mahmood Tayyab
Published: July 2024

Rainfall has a huge impact on agriculture because it's one of the key causes of crops devastation. Farmers face a slew of issues when unexpected heavy rains fall, as their planted crops are washed away or damaged. Pakistan is an agricultural country where new methods and techniques are needed to improve the traditional farming methods. This research intends to provide aid in the protection of crops from severe rains using machine learning to accurately anticipate the possibility of rainfall, which is a well-known agricultural problem. Various weather factors such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure can be used to predict rainfall patterns. Rainfall prediction can be used to identify and furnish future rainfall descriptions for agricultural planning for food security, allowing farmers to take precautionary measures to safeguard rice fields. Naïve Bayes, LogitBoost, RIPPER, Decision Stump, AdaBoost, Random Forest, Artificial Neural network, and K* were evaluated for rainfall prediction based on accuracy, precision, recall, F1-measure, Root Mean Squared Error, area under receiver operating characteristic curve, elapsed training time and elapsed testing time. The results obtained indicate that the best performance is achieved by Random forest with maximum accuracy of 83.2%, followed by ANN (82.5%), LogitBoost (82.2%), RIPPER (82%), naïve Bayes (80.3%), AdaBoost (80.2%), and K*(79.2%) respectively. K* The lazy approach involved a minimum of training time and a maximum of test time. Maximum training time was consumed by Random Forest and minimum testing time was taken by Decision Stump.
Parts-of-speech tagger for Sindhi language using deep neural network architecture
Authors: Memon Adnan Ali , Hina Saman , Kazi Abdul Karim , Ahmed Saad
Published: July 2024

Language is a fundamental medium for human communication, encompassing spoken and written forms, each governed by grammatical rules. Sindhi, one of the oldest languages, is characterized by its rich morphology and grammatical structure. Part-of-speech (POS) tagging, a crucial process in natural language processing, involves assigning grammatical tags to words. This research presents a novel approach to POS tagging for Sindhi text using deep learning techniques. We developed a POS tagger employing Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) models, with LSTM demonstrating superior effectiveness. This study represents the first application of these deep learning methods for POS tagging in Sindhi. Utilizing fastText, we trained 79,959 Sindhi word vectors, derived from a corpus compiled from diverse sources including Sindhi books, stories, and poetry. The corpus comprises 1,459 sentences and 10,584 unique words, split into 80% for training and 20% for validation. Our results indicate that the LSTM model achieved an accuracy of 85.80%, outperforming the GRU model, which achieved 80.77%, by a margin of 5%. This work's novelty lies in the application of deep learning techniques to enhance POS tagging accuracy in the Sindhi language corpus.
Flexural strength of recycled aggregate concrete reinforced with nylon fibers
Authors: Malah Sajid Ali , Memon Bashir Ahmed , Jokhio Naeem Ahmed , Oad Mahboob , Buller Abdul Hafeez , Malak Irshad Ali
Published: July 2024

The effect of binary blending of recycled aggregates and nylon fibers on the workability and flexural strength of concrete has been investigated in this work. An equal dosage of recycled aggregates from demolished wastes and conventional aggregates was used with 0.5 water cement ratio in preparing a mix of 1:2:4. Nylon fibers were used from 0% to 2% with an increment of 0.25% by weight of cement to reinforce the concrete. The slump cone test was determined for all nine batches of the concrete. Workability was observed to reduce with an increase in the content of nylon fibers. Flexural strength was evaluated by testing three prism specimens of 150mm x 150mm x 500mm size in each batch. A comparison of test results with control concrete (0% nylon fibers) and recycled aggregate concrete (with 50% recycled aggregates and without fibers) showed that nylon fibers helped in overcoming the loss of flexural strength due to the addition of recycled aggregates. The optimum dosage was recorded as equal to 1.5% with an increase in strength equal to 19.13% and 52.45% in comparison to conventional and recycled aggregate concrete.
SOLIDWORKS™ Design, fabrication and performance analysis of a banana fiber extraction machine and its components
Authors: Soomro AbdulRehman , Rossi Federico
Published: July 2024

Banana cultivation is a prominent agricultural activity in Pakistan, particularly in the lower Sindh districts such as Tando Muhammad Khan, Hyderabad, Sanghar, and Mirpur Khas. Each banana plant bears fruit only once in its lifetime, resulting in a significant amount of waste biomass from the pseudo stems after harvest. Utilizing these waste stems can enhance environmental sustainability and increase economic benefits for farmers. Traditional methods of extracting banana Fiber are plagued by inefficiencies, including lengthy processing times and subpar Fiber quality. This study possesses the design and development of a mechanized solution to extract high quality banana Fiber efficiently. The process encompasses the selection of suitable material, detailed design, mathematical analysis, and the assembly of machine components, aiming to address the shortcomings of conventional extraction methods. The performance analysis was conducted for the machine successfully handled banana stems up to 155mm in width and 22mm in thickness, demonstrating its robust capacity and versatility in processing various sizes. The positive simulation results provide a theoretical validation of the design before physical testing, suggesting the machine components are well designed and capable of enduring typical operational stresses. This study addressed Sustainable development goal 8 Decent work and economic growth, 9 industry innovation and infrastructure, 12 Responsible consumption and production and 13 climate action.