bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Professor, Profissional ou Educador: a Concepção de Professor de Educação Especial nas Produções Acadêmicas do Campo Específico da Educação Especial (2000-2016)
Authors: VAZ Kamille
Published: March 2019

RESUMO: Com este artigo temos a intenção de expor o estudo acerca da produção do conhecimento sobre o professor de Educação Especial (EE) no Brasil durante os anos de 2000 a 2016. O objetivo é analisar como está sendo disseminada a concepção sobre esse professor específico pelas pesquisas acadêmicas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e qualitativa, cuja base teórico-metodológica é o materialismo histórico-dialético. Utilizamos o balanço de produções acadêmicas como procedimento metodológico para a coleta e análise de dados, o qual contribui para a seleção dos trabalhos acadêmicos e a análise inicial sobre a concentração desses trabalhos em ano, local, professores e grupos de pesquisa. Nos 16 anos que abarcamos nesta pesquisa, foram selecionados 24 trabalhos entre teses, dissertações, artigos científicos e trabalhos publicados em anais de eventos, os quais tinham como foco de análise o professor de EE. Tais trabalhos nos permitiram destacar a imprecisão sobre a forma de denominar esse professor específico, o que, em grande medida, indica a concepção de professor disseminada hegemonicamente no início do século XXI. Na análise dos trabalhos selecionados, destacamos três formas de denominar o professor de EE: o professor, o profissional e o educador, os quais, em suma, demonstram uma concepção alargada de docência e a correlação das pesquisas acadêmicas com a proposta da política educacional em vigor.
Analysis of the brazilian federal bridge inventory
Authors: OLIVEIRA C. B. L. , GRECO M. , BITTENCOURT T. N.
Published: March 2019

Abstract Bridge Management aims to provide an appropriate support to decision-making for maintenance, rehabilitation and repair strategies under constraint of limited budgets. In this regard, the Federal Brazilian Department of Transportation (DNIT) has developed the SGO - a Brazilian Bridge Management System (B-BMS) - and promoted the most comprehensive road bridge inventory under its direct administration. To improve the management of these bridge assets, the DNIT is working to develop a statistical model to predict the future condition of bridge: the most efficient and effective tool in a BMS to planning when the maintenance actions will be required. The current paper reports on findings of inventory, predominantly composed of reinforced concrete bridges, focusing on potential deterioration agents reported and checking their influence on deterioration conditions. Based on national database, the paper proposes a methodology to forecast Brazilian bridges deterioration rates. An example of application is demonstrated and satisfactory prediction accuracy obtained, even for few inspection cycles and under restricted database information.
Analytical study of cylindrical tanks including soil-structure interaction
Authors: SILVA R. L. C. , MARQUES G. B. , LAGES E. N. , MARQUES S. P. C.
Published: March 2019

Abstract An analytical study aiming the design of cylindrical liquid storage tanks resting on deformable foundations is developed in this work. The soil under the tanks is modeled as an elastic linear medium. The cylindrical wall is considered rigidly connected to the plate foundation. Here, concrete tanks are emphasized, although the study can be extended to other construction materials. For the analysis of the design forces acting on the tanks, efficient and simplified approximate expressions are derived based on rigorous analytical theories for thin shells and circular plate on elastic foundations. To verify the proposed approximate expressions and investigate the influence of the foundation deformability on displacements and design forces, parametric analyses of concrete tanks with different soil stiffness values are presented. The results illustrate the strong influence of the foundation stiffness on the tank design quantities and a very good performance of the simplified expressions.
Effects of Bacillus subtilis biocementation on the mechanical properties of mortars
Authors: SCHWANTES-CEZARIO N. , PORTO M. F. , SANDOVAL G. F. B. , NOGUEIRA G. F. N. , COUTO A. F. , TORALLES B. M.
Published: March 2019

Abstract This study aims to evaluate the influence of B. subtilis AP91 spores addition on the mechanical properties of mortars. B. subtilis strain AP91, isolated from rice leaves of the needle variety, which has an early cycle of production, was used at the concentration of 105 spores/mL in mortars with cement-to-sand ratio of 1:3 (by weight) and water-to-cement ratio (w/c) of 0.63. These spores were added in two different ways: in the mixing water and by immersion in a solution containing bacterial spores. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis showed crystals with calcium peaks on the EDS, which possibly indicates the presence of bioprecipitated calcium carbonate. The results obtained in the mechanical analysis showed that the bioprecipitation of CaCO3 by B. subtilis strain AP91 was satisfactory, particularly when the spores were added in the mixing water, increasing the compressive strength up to 31%. Thus, it was concluded that the addition of B. subtilis AP91 spores in the mixing water of cement mortars induced biocementation, which increased the compressive strength. This bioprecipitation of calcium carbonate may very well have other advantageous consequences, such as the closure of pores and cracks in cementitious materials that could improve durability properties, although more research is still needed on this matter.
Mismatch Repair Status of Gastric Cancer and Its Association with the Local and Systemic Immune Response
Authors: Shin Su-Jin , Kim Sang Yong , Choi Yoon Young , Son Taeil , Cheong Jae-Ho , Hyung Woo Jin , Noh Sung Hoon , Park Chung-Gyu , Kim Hyoung-Il
Published: March 2019

Background

Microsatellite instability (MSI)-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer is known to be associated with increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), elevated host systemic immune response, and a favorable prognosis. In gastric cancer, however, MSI status has rarely been evaluated in the context of TILs and systemic immune response.

Materials and Methods

We evaluated data for 345 patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy with MSI typing. The numbers of TILs were counted after immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD3, CD4, CD8, forkhead box P3 (Foxp3), and granzyme B to quantify the subsets of TILs. To evaluate the systemic immune response, the differential white blood cell count and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were obtained.

Results

Of the 345 patients, 57 demonstrated MSI-H tumors and 288 demonstrated non-MSI-H tumors. MSI-H tumors carried significantly higher densities of CD8+ T cells, Foxp3+ T cells, and granzyme B+ T cells and a higher ratio of Foxp3/CD4 and granzyme B/CD8. The prognostic impact of TILs differed between patients with MSI-H tumors and those with non-MSI-H tumors. The TIL subsets were not found to be significant prognostic factors for recurrence-free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS) in the MSI-H tumor group. In the non-MSI-H tumor group, multivariate analysis showed that stage, PNI, and CD4+ T cells were independent prognostic factors for RFS, and stage, PNI, and the Foxp3/CD4 ratio were independent prognostic factors for OS.

Conclusions

The association between systemic/local immune response and prognosis differed according to MSI status. Different tumor characteristics and prognoses according to MSI status could be associated with the immunogenicity caused by microsatellite instability and subsequent host immune response.

Implications for Practice

This study demonstrates that the density of each subset of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) differed between microsatellite instability (MSI)-high and non-MSI-high tumors. Moreover, the prognostic effect of the preoperative systemic immune response status and TILs differed between the MSI-high (MSI-H) and non-MSI-H tumor groups. The present study may help to identify the mechanisms of cancer progression and develop treatment strategies for MSI-high gastric cancer.
Ovarian Cancer Maintenance: Practice-Changing Data Calls for Changing Practice
Authors: Randall Leslie M. , Birrer Michael J. , Herzog Thomas J.
Published: March 2019

Staying current on the rapidly evolving therapeutic landscape in oncology is challenging for clinicians. This commentary discusses exciting practice-changing data specific to ovarian cancer.
Characterising processes at sand-pile interface using digital image analysis and X-ray CT
Authors: Doreau-Malioche J. , Galvis-Castro A. , Tovar-Valencia R. , Viggiani G. , Combe G. , Prezzi M. , Salgado R.
Published: March 2019

This paper presents the results of a tensile and a compressive load tests on an instrumented model pile pre-installed in medium–dense sand samples prepared in a half-circular calibration chamber with viewing windows along its symmetry plane. Digital image correlation (DIC) is used to obtain the displacement and strain fields in the sand surrounding the pile during and after loading. The orientation of the principal strains in the soil in the vicinity of the pile depends on the loading direction. To complement the description of sand-pile interface provided by DIC, a study is conducted at a smaller scale for the analysis of intergranular contacts. After loading, resin-cemented specimens are recovered from the vicinity of the pile and investigated at the grain scale by means of X-ray computed tomography. Novel qualitative results show the spatial evolution of contacts orientations for both tests. The two advanced image-based techniques used in this study give access to valuable micro-scale information and could be combined to better understand the deformation mechanisms driving the macroscopic response of non-displacement piles.
Opowiedzieć migrację. Na przykładzie gehen, ging, gegangen Jenny Erpenbeck i Widerfahrnis Bodo Kirchhoffa
Authors: BADURA Bożena Anna
Published: March 2019

W obliczu politycznych i społecznych wyzwań najnowszej historii coraz głośniejsze staje się wezwanie do literatury zaangażowanej. Jedną z odpowiedzi jest literatura migracyjna pisana z perspektywy społeczeństwa przyjmującego. Dzieła te, a ich przykładem są powieść Jenny Erpenbeck gehen, ging, gegangen oraz nowela Widerfahrnis Bodo Kirchhoffa, przyczyniają się do szybszego zintegrowania narodów imigrujących. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zilustrowanie tego, jak można za pomocą różnych strategii narracyjnych, m.in. posługując się obrazami znanymi z mediów, a także arystotelesowskiej triady retorycznych środków perswazyjnych (ḗthos, páthos i lógos) – wpłynać na recepcję tych powieści i w efekcie na zmianę wizerunku migrantów.
Poza granicami gatunku: transformacja baśni we współczesnej literaturze niemieckojęzycznej (Rafik Schami, Walter Moers, Elfriede Jelinek)
Authors: TKACZ Ewelina
Published: March 2019

Bez względu na to, czym rozliczne badania uzasadniają niesłabnące zainteresowanie baśnią, nie ulega wątpliwości, że współczesne dzieła odwołujące się do niej nie utraciły nic z fabularnej nośności i rozrywkowego potencjału swojego pratekstu. Głównym celem artykułu jest wyodrębnienie (na podstawie przeglądu sposobów recepcji klasycznej baśni we współczesnej literaturze niemieckojęzycznej) elementów tekstu ulegających trans-formacji i podjęcie próby zarysowania motywów stojących za trawestacją porządku baśniowego. Tekst podąża w tym celu dwoma ważnymi tropami współczesnych badań nad baśnią: po pierwsze, uznając, że baśnie bywają wykorzystywane przez swoich adaptatorów jako narzędzie służące do komentowania dzisiejszej rzeczywistości, przez co stają się radarem przemian społecznych i ewolucji kulturowych, uwzględnia w literaturoznawczym opisie tekstów aspekt kulturoznawczy, socjologiczny i historyczny. Po drugie, za istotę baśni uznając przede wszystkim konkretny typ narracji, zauważa, że gatunek ten jest wyjątkowo podatny na przekraczanie formalnych granic. Jako przykładów użyto tekstów trzech autorów. Pierwszy z nich, interkulturowy twórca Rafik Schami, nawiązuje do klasycznych baśni ludowych formalnie i treściowo. Interpretacji poddane zostało jego dzieło Baśnie z Maluli w kontekście interkulturowego transferu i interferencji motywów baśniowych. Kolejny twórca, Walter Moers, autor Ensel und Krete, unowocześnia formę i treść baśni, dopasowując je do realiów popkultury. W artykule zwraca się szczególną uwagę na parodyjny oraz transmedialny charakter tekstu i rozważa wynikający z niego popkulturowy potencjał. Ostatnim analizowanym tekstem jest dramat Królewna Śnieżka Elfriede Jelinek, strukturalnie niebędący baśnią, podejmujący jednak jej wątki. Autorka artykułu interpretuje ten metatekstualny utwór jako „recepcję recepcji” i umiejscawia go w kulturowym dyskursie z baśnią. Wnioskiem wypływającym z rozważań jest stwierdzenie, że baśnie w samej swej istocie są predysponowane do przekraczania granic genologicznych, jak i interpretacyjnych.
Granice (nie)przyzwoitości. Dysforia. Przypadki mieszczan polskich Marcina Kołodziejczyka w kontekście polskiej recepcji Gabriele Wohmann
Authors: ŁAWNIKOWSKA-KOPER Joanna
Published: March 2019

Przedmiotem artykułu jest polska recepcja twórczości zmarłej w 2015 roku wybitnej pisarki zachodnioniemieckiej Gabriele Wohmann, uznawanej przez krytykę literacką za mistrzynię krótkiej prozy oraz znakomitą obserwatorkę społeczeństwa doby wzrostu gospodarczego, która w swych opowiadaniach krytykuje „mieszczańskość” współobywateli i porusza uniwersalne tematy miłości, lęku, samotności, wykluczenia i śmierci. Wobec nielicznych tłumaczeń jej utworów na język polski recepcja Wohmann w obiegu krytycznym jest ograniczona, zauważalna jest natomiast w polskim dyskursie akademickim, lecz ogranicza się do germanistyki. Wohmann powraca jednak implicite (transfer równoległy) w tomie prozatorskim Marcina Kołodziejczyka Dysforia. Przypadki mieszczan polskich (2015). Zgodnie z tezą przyjętą w artykule, społeczeństwo polskie po 1989 przypomina w swych postawach i wyborach, które związane są z rodzącą się w Polsce klasą średnią i nowym mieszczaństwem, krytycznie opisywane przez niemiecką autorkę społeczeństwo zachodnionie-mieckie trzydzieści i czterdzieści lat wcześniej.
Międzykulturowy intersemiotyczny transfer komizmu powieść Ericha Kastnera «35 maja albo Jak Konrad pojechał konno do mórz południowych» w opracowaniu graficznym Bohdana Butenki.
Authors: FRUŻYŃSKA Joanna
Published: March 2019

Tematem artykułu jest analiza szaty graficznej powieści Ericha Kästnera 35 maja albo Jak Konrad pojechał konno do mórz południowych w wydaniach Naszej Księgarni z lat 1957–2008. Polska edycja utworu, zilustrowana przez wybitnego przedstawiciela Polskiej Szkoły Ilustracji, Bohdana Butenkę, ma cechy książki obrazkowej i odznacza się wszechstronnością opracowania, obejmującego typografię i przestrzenną „architekturę” książki. Szata graficzna książki, traktowana jak forma przekładu intersemiotycznego, jest analizowana pod kątem związków z charakterystycznym dla twórczości Kästnera komizmem, który jest obecny zarówno w tekście literackim, jak i w ilustracjach w kilku typowych postaciach: portretu-karykatury, karnawałowego obrazu „świata na opak”, subtelnej parodii i satyry.
Kent Ekolojisine Farklı Bir Yaklaşım: Tozlaşma Bahçeleri
Authors: ULUS Aysel , ÖZDEMİR Arzu
Published: March 2019

Doğanın dış olumsuz faktörlerle değiştirilmesinin hatta bozulmasının
sonucunda, dünya üzerinde her gün yaklaşık 140 bitki ve hayvan türünün yok
olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Günümüzde kent içerisindeki arazi kullanımında
sürekli yaşanan değişim ve kent yakın çevresindeki alanlardaki yoğun tarım
faaliyetleri nedeniyle, doğal ve yarı doğal habitatlarda büyük kayıplar meydana
gelmektedir. Tozlaşma bahçeleri, özellikle kentsel alanlarda azalan
tozlaştırıcı nüfusunun dengelenmesi ve kent içi biyoçeşitliliğin desteklenmesi
açısından önem taşımaktadır. Araştırma, tozlaşma bahçelerinin tesisinde dikkat
edilmesi gereken unsurların ortaya konulması ve yurt dışında bu bahçelerde
yoğun olarak kullanılan bitki türleri içerisinden, İstanbul şartlarında doğal
olarak yetişen türlerin tespit edilmesine yöneliktir. Çalışmada, İstanbul
koşullarında doğal olarak yetişen ve tozlaşma bahçelerinde kullanım potansiyeli
bulunan 27 cinse ait 137 bitki türü tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda bu
bahçelerin, farklı kentsel ortamlarda tesis edilebileceği ve pek çok bahçe tipi
ile ilişkili şekilde düzenlenebileceği belirtilmiştir. Tespit edilen 137 türün,
kaya bahçeleri, koku bahçeleri, çatı ve teras bahçeleri gibi farklı bahçe
tiplerinde kullanılması ile bu bahçelerin potansiyel tozlaşma bahçelerine
dönüştürülmesine dair öneriler getirilmiştir. ABSTRACTAn estimated
140 plant and animal species disappear every day in the world as a result of
the alteration or even deterioration of nature by negative external factors.
Nowadays, great losses occur in natural and semi-natural habitats due to the
constant changes in land use in the cities and intensive agricultural
activities in the vicinity of the cities. Pollination gardens are important in
order to balance the decrease of the pollinator population, especially in urban
areas, and to support urban biodiversity. The study aims to identify the plant
species that grow naturally in the conditions of the city of Istanbul amongst those
used extensively in pollination gardens in other countries. It further aims to
reveal the elements that require attention in the process of establishing
pollination gardens. In the study, 137 plant species belonging to 27 genera,
which grow naturally in İstanbul's conditions and have potential use in
pollination gardens, have been identified. As a result of the study, it is
stated that gardens can be established in different urban environments and can
be arranged in relation with many garden types. Together with the possible uses
of those species in different types of gardens, such as rock gardens, fragrance
gardens, roof and terrace gardens, suggestions are made to transform those
gardens into potential pollination gardens.
The Play Your Process Method for Business Process-Based Digital Game Design
Authors: Classe Tadeu Moreira de , De Araujo Renata Mendes , Xexéo Geraldo Bonorino , Siqueira Sean
Published: March 2019

Serious games have been understood as a useful tool to engage, educate and train individuals in many areas. They are also suitable for the business processes management area where it is expected that business-process-based digital games can bring together players (process actors) to better understand and learn organizational business processes. This paper presents a game design method for the development of serious games which aims to provide business process understanding to players, as well as to allow them to reflect on process challenges and difficulties. The design of serious business process games requires game designers to have business process modeling skills and instructions on how to represent business process elements in the game context. This research was conducted using the Design Science Research Methodology, and addresses the challenge of providing a method for the design of serious business process games. The method receives business process models as input and comprises steps to (i) map business process elements into game design elements, game design and development, and (ii) evaluate games with game designers, process actors, and game players. In order to validate the method, a set of games was built and evaluated with players. The designed games were evaluated as to adequate quality, although fun and entertainment can still be improved, and players´ understanding regarding process increase after games are played
Recombinant deoxyribonucleoside kinase from Drosophila melanogaster can improve gemcitabine based combined gene/chemotherapy for targeting cancer cells
Authors: Fatima Mahak , Iqbal Ahmed M. Mubasshar , Batool Faiza , Riaz Anjum , Ali Moazzam , Munch-Petersen Birgitte , Mutahir Zeeshan
Published: March 2019

A recombinant deoxyribonucleoside kinase from Drosophila melanogaster with a deletion of the last 20 amino acid residues (named DmdNKΔC20) was hypothesized as a potential therapeutic tool for gene therapy due to its broad substrate specificity and better catalytic efficiency towards nucleosides and nucleoside analogs. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of DmdNKΔC20 for sensitizing human cancer cell lines towards gemcitabine and to further investigate its role in reversal of acquired drug resistance in gemcitabine-resistant cancer cell line. The DmdNKΔC20 gene was delivered to three different cancer cell lines, including breast, colon and liver cancer cells, using lipid-mediated transfection reagent. After transfection, gene expression of DmdNKΔC20 was confirmed by reverse transcription quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and the combined effect of DmdNKΔC20 and gemcitabine based cytotoxicity was observed by cell viability assay. We further evolved a gemcitabine-resistant breast cancer cell line (named MCF7-R) through directed evolution in the laboratory, which showed 375-fold more resistance compared to parental MCF7 cells. Upon transfection with DmdNKΔC20 gene, MCF7-R cells showed 83-fold higher sensitivity to gemcitabine compared to the control group of MCF7-R cells. Moreover, we observed 79% higher expression of p21 protein in transfected MCF7-R cells, which may indicate induction of apoptosis. Our findings highlight the importance and therapeutic potential of DmdNKΔC20 in combined gene/chemotherapy approach to target a wide range of cancers, particularly gemcitabine-resistant cancers.
Pronunciation Obstacle Course
Authors: Ivanović Igor
Published: March 2019

Form our experience as a university professor, many language classrooms are not attentive to pronunciation and it is often neglected. The two major factors contributing to this situation are teachers’ inability to teach their students proper pronunciation (pronunciation does not exist in or is a minor part of school curricula or teachers themselves are unable to produce native or native-like pronunciation) and the linguistic barrier posed by the native language. For instance, students sometimes feel great discomfort if they have to express themselves in a foreign language. In case of Montenegro, certain English phonemes such as /θ/, classified as a voiceless dental fricative and /ð/, classified as a voiced dental fricative, when used in our language, represent the way a person with a speech sound disorder would speak. On the more positive note, our students, more and more, travel to different countries, which improves their ability to speak a foreign language fluently and attain a native-like accent. In this paper, we will deal with certain misconceptions about pronunciation and then our attention will turn to elements affecting the way pronunciation is learnt. Towards the end of our paper, we will consider what language learners need in terms of improving their pronunciation. This is of vital importance since pronunciation may be a great contributing factor, leading to an improved L2 perception.
Corpus-based Research to Verify the Hypothesis of Preference for Basic-level Category Vocabulary (BLCV) Acquisition
Authors: Song Fei , Lan Qingqing
Published: March 2019

Many features of basic-level category vocabulary (BLCV) play an important role in international Chinese language teaching, and one of them is preference for BLCV acquisition which has yet remained to be confirmed. In this paper, a written language corpus of Chinese pupils is established, and the usage of the condition and quality BLCV is analyzed. It is found that 212 of 312 those BLCV are used by Chinese pupils in Grade One, the rest 100 are used during the whole primary school years . Besides, learners keep enlarging other vocabularies with their increasing Chinese proficiencies, and thus cause a dilution effect on BLCV. These results show that language learners have grasped most BLCV when they start to use written language, indicating an obvious preference for BLCV acquisition.
Cognitive Socio-political Language Learning Theory, Multiple Input-output Hypothesis and Competitive Team-based Learning
Authors: Hosseini Seyed Mohammad Hassan
Published: March 2019

The practical results of innovative methods/approaches to teaching like Cooperative Learning (CL), which have been formulated based on constructivists' theories, are falling short of expectation in the present world circumstances. This is because they cannot reflect the realities of the real world and as a consequence have contributed to uncivilised and even maimed societies. As their ancestors, thereby, these so-called innovative interactive methods and approaches are doomed to failure. This article, as such, gives a brief but to the point introduction to the author's seminal  holistic approach to teaching namely Competitive Team-Based Learning (CTBL), which has been put forward as a significant alternative to the present methods and approaches. Most importantly, the author sheds light on his approach's theoretical foundations, which consider language as a liberating agent, and distinguishes it from other innovative methods/approaches like Communicative Language Teaching (CLT). The results of some researches on the effectiveness of Dr Hosseini's didactic catalyst/weapon (i.e., CTBL) have also found a place in this article for the benefit of researchers/educators, who have also been provided with some significant suggestions. Teachers' accountabilities in classes run through CTBL have also been explicated.
A Contrastive Analysis of Explicit Cohesion in English Advertising Texts and Their Chinese Consecutive Interpretation Versions
Authors: Zhou Lan , Sun Qiang
Published: March 2019

Although much research has been conducted on language features of advertising, little has been reported on the contrast between language use in advertisements, particularly advertisements in English and those in Chinese. Drawing on Halliday and Hasan’s theory about cohesion in text, this paper reports on the explicit cohesion devices used in advertising texts in English and Chinese. The data were derived from Singapore, a multilingual country where English and Chinese are two important languages. A total of thirty advertisements in English and their Chinese versions were analyzed for the distribution of explicit cohesive devices, i.e., lexical cohesion and grammatical cohesion. The study reveals that advertisements in English used more reference and conjunction devices than those in Chinese, whereas Chinese language advertisements employed more ellipsis devices than English language advertisements. It also finds that there were no differences in the use of substitution and lexical devices in English or Chinese language advertisements. The conclusion of the study is finally drawn and the further study is suggested.
A New Look at Chinese Network Catchphrases
Authors: Hua Hongyan
Published: March 2019

This paper explores how contextual factors govern the meaning making of Chinese network catchphrases. Kovecses’ context theory concerning metaphor studies is used as the theoretical framework to make a research into the metaphorical meaning making in Chinese network catchphrases. According to Kovecses, context in metaphor can be classified into four kinds, namely, situational context, discourse context, bodily context and conceptual-cognitive context, among which situational context can be further divided into physical environment situation context, social situation context and cultural situation context. By careful examination of Chinese network catchphrases from the contextual perspective, it is concluded that the meaning making of Chinese network catchphrases is not just a mapping process between two domains, a view that the traditional metaphor theory has always been adhering to, but a context-driven and emerging process in which various contextual factors have played their roles. And this conclusion seems to be more in line with the new discovery of the nature of human cognition, that is, embodied cognition.
Oman’s General Foundation Programs: Focus on General Education Principles and Standards
Authors: Tuzlukova Victoria , Inguva Meenalochana , Sancheti Pooja
Published: March 2019

Contemporary research in education has placed the growing emphasis on general education principles and standards intended for empowering students and developing them as personalities with the related discussions set in different socio-cultural and geographical contexts. This paper explores how principles and standards of general education are integrated and implemented to support students’ development and enhancement of their skills in the context of the foundation program at Sultan Qaboos University in Oman. In more detail, utilizing personal views and perceptions of the programs’ administrators (department heads, program coordinators and course leaders) involved in constructing and offering the English language foundation program courses, this paper explores how principles and standards of general education are integrated and implemented to support students’ development and academic growth. A qualitative research paradigm is used to provide detailed descriptions, discuss experiences, achievements, challenges, and inform future decisions. The results demonstrate that the English language foundation program courses have good potential for building solid basis for students’ skills and knowledge development, however, more efforts that include revisions in curriculum and teaching practices are required to develop students into educated, responsible and productive citizens for their own advantage and the benefit of the community.
Determination of Outdoor Absorbed Gamma Dose Rates of Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey
Authors: KARATAŞLI Muhammet
Published: March 2019

Outdoor absorbed gamma dose rates were measured in 118 different regions at a height of 1 m above the ground in the gonad (genitals) level in humans in Kahramanmaraş province and its vicinity using Eberline portable detector. Outdoor gamma dose rates varied from 32.7 nGy/h and 96.4 nGy/h with an arithmetic average of 64.8 nGy/h. The average value of the corresponding annual effective dose rate was estimated as 79.5 µSv/y. Lifetime cancer risk values estimated according to ICRP 103, BEIR VII and ICRP 60 were found to be 0.032, 0.036 and 0.040 respectively.
Investigation on Li (i = l, β, and γ)–to-Lα X-ray Intensity Ratios of Tl in Thallium Compounds
Authors: CENGİZ Erhan
Published: March 2019

The Li(i = l,
β, and γ)–to-Lα X-ray intensity ratios of Tl in some thallium
compounds were measured by EDXRF spectrometer. These compounds were excited by 59.5 keV gamma-rays from
a 241Am annular radioactive source. L X-rays emitted by the
compounds were counted using an Ultra-LEGe detector with a resolution of 150 eV
at 5.9 keV. Li–to-Lα X-ray intensity ratios of Tl in these compounds
are compared with that of the pure Tl calculated theoretically. While the values of Ll/Lα
and Lγ/Lα intensity
ratios are compatible with the theoretically calculated value, the
values of Lβ/Lα intensity ratios have differences.
Gardnerella vaginalis: genotypic and phenotypic diversity, virulence factors and role in the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis
Authors: Krysanova Anna A.
Published: March 2019

This review summarizes literature data on the structure, biological characteristics, and virulence factors of Gardnerella vaginalis. Genotypic and phenotypic diversity of the bacterium, as well as its role in bacterial vaginosis are highlighted.
Uterine fibroid and reproduction
Authors: Shapovalova Aleksandra I.
Published: March 2019

This article is devoted to the treatment of uterine fibroid in patients planning pregnancy. The role of uterine fibroid as a cause of infertility, indications for performing myomectomy in patients with infertility, features of pregnancy and childbirth in pregnant women with uterine fibroid are discussed. Attention is also paid to the technical issues of performing myomectomy and the use of pre-surgery drugs that reduce the size of the uterine fibroid nodes. In addition, the article highlights the features of pregnancy and labor in the presence of a scar on the uterus after myomectomy, after uterine artery embolization and focused ultrasound ablation of the nodes.
Solução não Proprietária para Interoperabilidade entre Sistemas de Gestão e de Rastreabilidade de Resíduos Perigosos
Authors: Bento Paulo Roberto Baptista , Martins Junior Elvio Machado , Namen Anderson Amendoeira
Published: March 2019

Tecnologias para rastreabilidade de resíduos perigosos vêm sendo aplicadas visando eliminar o descarte indevido, causador de diversos impactos ao meio ambiente e à sociedade. Um dos maiores obstáculos à utilização de sistemas, que aplicam essas tecnologias, reside no emprego de protocolos proprietários para a comunicação entre o sistema de rastreabilidade e os sistemas de informações das diferentes organizações. Soluções próprias de tecnologia são criadas, sem que exista uma padronização com relação aos mecanismos de trocas de dados, implicando em duplicação e redundância de esforços. Dentro dessa perspectiva, o presente trabalho propõe um protocolo padrão não proprietário de comunicação visando a interoperabilidade entre sistemas, com foco na área de gestão e de rastreabilidade de resíduos perigosos, por intermédio da tecnologia de identificação por radiofrequência. Desse modo, organizações públicas, privadas e do terceiro setor podem contar com uma alternativa de solução não proprietária, implicando em maior independência com relação aos fornecedores. Palavras-chave: Gestão de Resíduos Perigosos. Rastreabilidade de Resíduos. Interoperabilidade entre Sistemas. RFID. AbstractThe improper disposal of hazardous waste causes several impacts to the environment and society and that is the reason why some technologies were designed to enable the waste traceability. A major obstacle to the use of information systems for waste managing and tracking lies in the use of proprietary protocols for data interchange between the waste tracking systems and the different organizations’ information systems. Proprietary technology solutions, which have no standardization regarding  the mechanisms for data exchange, are applied resulting in duplication of effort and redundancy. This paper proposes a standard non-proprietary communication protocol aiming at interoperability among  systems, focusing on the management and tracking of hazardous waste through radiofrequency identification technology. Thereby, public, private and non-governmental organizations can count on a non-proprietary alternative solution, resulting in greater independence from suppliers. Keywords: Hazardous Waste Management. Waste Tracking. Systems Interoperability. RFID.
The Combine Effects of Eicosanoid Biosynthesis Inhibitors and Different Isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) and Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) (Deuteromycota: Hyphomycetes) on the Mortality of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae
Authors: TUNAZ Hasan , ER Mehmet Kubilay , IŞIKBER Ali Arda
Published: March 2019

The effects of entomopathogen fungus isolates on
the mortality of Spodoptera
littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae were increased and accelerated when
co-administered with eicosanoid inhibitors (EBIs) (Dexamethasone, Indomethacin,
Esculetin Phenidone Ibuprofen and Naproxen). The mode of action of these
compounds are different. When eicosanoid inhibitors were applied to S. littoralis larvae together with
entomopathogenic fungus isolates (Beauveria
6646 and Metarhizium 3293), they
accelerated deaths of the insect and consequently increased mortality rates. In
addition, when different doses of Phenidone, one of the eicosanoid inhibitors,
were administered to the larvae with the fungal isolates, there was a
significant increase in mortality due to the dose of Phenidone. These results
showed that the application of eicosanoid inhibitors with fungal agents to S. littoralis larvae increased the
effectiveness of these potential microbial control agents.
Toxicological effects of prolonged exposure of soot-polluted air on some haematological and biochemical parameters of residents of Port Harcourt
Authors: Elechi-Amadi Kemzi , Peace Batubo Nimisoere , Opusunju Boma Harris , Jiala Andrew
Published: March 2019

Background: Soot is a by-product of incomplete combustion of carbon derived from substances that contains carbon like hydrocarbons, which is associated with various human diseases. The objectives of the studies are to evaluate the toxicological effects of prolonged exposure of soot polluted air on some haematological and biochemical parameters.Methods: One hundred apparently healthy residents of Port Harcourt residing in soot polluted environment for a minimum of 12 months and one hundred apparently healthy subjects residing in non-soot polluted environment outside Port Harcourt were recruited for this study. 5ml of venous blood was collected from each subject after 10hours of overnight fast to estimate the PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC, lymphocytes, neutrophils, bicarbonate, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein using automated autoanalyzer.Results: There was a statistically significant decrease in the PCV, Hb, RBC and increase in WBC, Lymphocytes and neutrophils. There was also a significant increase in the bicarbonate, total cholesterol and LDL with a decrease in HDL cholesterol as compared to the control.Conclusions: It is concluded that prolong exposure to soot polluted air is harmful and associated with deterioration of haematological parameters and also induces oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation which may increase morbidity and mortality.
The journalistic reaction to the first edition of The History of Stupidity in Poland. The historiographic pamphlets by Aleksander Bocheński
Authors: Orzełek Ariel
Published: March 2019

The History of Stupidity in Poland. The historiographic pamphlets [Dzieje głupoty w Polsce. Pamflety dziejopisarskie] was the most important publication by Aleksander Bocheński. The book was also one of the most representative reflections on the post-war trend of political realism in Poland. The journalistic reaction to the first edition of the book in the forties of the 20th century proved that the theses included in it were highly unpopular. The author’s criticism of insurrection trends in Polish politics met with opposition from Marxists as well as non-party intellectuals, both at home and abroad. Although motives of Bocheński’s concepts were usually understood, they were rejected as they served communists, were contrary to Marxist doctrine or had no moral foundations. Those opinions constitute an important contribution to the views of Polish intelligentsia on political realism at the beginnings of the Polish People’s Republic.
Microbiomes of Inflammatory Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms Due to Giant Cell Arteritis and Clinically Isolated Aortitis Differ From Those of Non-Inflammatory Aneurysms
Authors: Getz Ted M. , Hoffman Gary Stuart , Padmanabhan Roshan , Villa-Forte Alexandra , Roselli Eric E. , Blackstone Eugene , Johnston Douglas , Pettersson Gosta , Soltesz Edward , Svensson Lars G. , Calabrese Leonard H. , Clifford Alison H. , Eng Charis
Published: March 2019

Objective: We sought to characterize microbiomes of thoracic aortas from patients with non-infectious aortitis due to giant cell arteritis (GCA) and clinically isolated aortitis (CIA) and to compare them to non-inflammatory aorta aneurysm controls. We also compared microbiomes from concurrently processed and separately reported temporal arteries (TA) and aortas.Methods: From 220 prospectively enrolled patients undergoing surgery for thoracic aorta aneurysm, 49 were selected. Inflammatory and non-inflammatory cases were selected based on ability to match for age (+/-10 years), gender, and race. Biopsies were collected under aseptic conditions and snap-frozen. Taxonomic classification of bacterial sequences was performed to the genus level and relative abundances were calculated. Microbiome differential abundances were analyzed by principal coordinates analysis.Results : Forty-nine patients with thoracic aortic aneurysms (12 CIA, 14 GCA, 23 non-inflammatory aneurysms) were enrolled. Alpha (P = 0.018) and beta (P = 0.024) diversity differed between specimens from aortitis cases and controls. There were no significant differences between CIA and GCA (P > 0.7). The largest differential abundances between non-infectious aortitis and non-inflammatory control samples includedEnterobacteriaceae, Phascolarctobacterium, Acinetobactor, Klebsiella, and Prevotella. Functional metagenomic predictions with PICRUSt revealed enrichment of oxidative phosphorylation and porphyrin metabolism pathways and downregulation of transcription factor pathways in aortitis compared to controls. Microbiomes of aortic samples differed significantly from temporal artery samples from a companion study, in both control and GCA groups (P = 0.0002).Conclusion: Thoracic aorta aneurysms, far from being sterile, contain unique microbiomes that differ from those found in temporal arteries. The aorta microbiomes are most similar between aneurysms that were associated with inflammation, GCA, and CIA, but differed from those associated with non-inflammatory etiologies. These findings are promising in that they indicate that microbes may play a role in the pathogenesis of aortitis-associated aneurysms or non-inflammatory aneurysms by promoting or protecting against inflammation. However, we cannot rule out that these changes are related to alterations in tissue substrate that favor secondary changes in microbial communities.
Fighting Corruption and Enhancing Tax Compliance through Digitization: Achieving Sustainable Development in Romania
Authors: Fanea-Ivanovici Mina , Muşetescu Radu Cristian , Pană Marius Cristian , Voicu Cristina
Published: March 2019

Fighting corruption and enhancing tax compliance through digital public services represent key factors for increasing sustainable development in Romania. We argue that fighting corruption may increase the level of sustainable development, through digital pubic services. Using digital public services leads to the increase of the level of tax compliance, because entrepreneurs will feel more confident and responsible and they will decide to better comply. Tax regulations can affect the level of tax compliance through the additional costs they generate. The discussion is based on the consideration of the costs generated by compliant behavior and we explain how such costs influence the entrepreneurs’ decision in the fiscal environment. If the costs are higher, entrepreneurs will take evasive initiatives and will refuse to comply. Among the numerous tools developed to fight corruption, the use of communication technologies has recently been researched and there is still need for further research in the Romanian economic environment. The use of digital public services reduces costs for entrepreneurs and increases their confidence in state institutions due to higher levels of transparency. We argue for increasing sustainable development in Romania through digital public services, thus fighting corruption and enhancing tax compliance.
Effect of Varying the Ratio of Carbon Black to Vapor-Grown-Carbon-Fibers in the Separator on the Performance of Li–S Batteries
Authors: Jo Hearin , Oh Jeonghun , Lee Yong Min , Ryou Myung-Hyun
Published: March 2019

Lithium sulfur (Li–S) batteries are expected to be very useful for next-generation transportation and grid storage because of their high energy density and low cost. However, their low active material utilization and poor cycle life limit their practical application. The use of a carbon-coated separator in these batteries serves to inhibit the migration of the lithium polysulfide intermediate and increases the recyclability. We report the extent to which the electrochemical performance of Li–S battery systems depends on the characteristics of the carbon coating of the separator. Carbon-coated separators containing different ratios of carbon black (Super-P) and vapor-grown-carbon-fibers (VGCF) were prepared and evaluated in Li–S batteries. The results showed that larger amounts of Super-P on the carbon-coated separator enhanced the electrochemical performance of Li–S batteries; for instance, the pure Super-P coating exhibited the highest discharge capacity (602.1 mAh g-1 at 150 cycles) with a Coulombic efficiency exceeding 95%. Furthermore, the separators with the pure Super-P coating had a smaller pore structure, and hence limited polysulfide migration, compared to separators containing Super-P/VGCF mixtures. These results indicate that it is necessary to control the porosity of the porous membrane to control the movement of the lithium polysulfide.
Physicochemical, Microbiological and Sensory Properties of Fermented Whey using Kombucha Inoculum
Authors: Suciati Fitri , Nurliyani Nurliyani , Indratiningsih Indratiningsih
Published: March 2019

This research aimed to determine physicochemical, microbiological and sensory properties of fermented whey using kombucha inoculum. The material used were kombucha, black tea, green tea, and whey protein concentrate. The research used factorial completely randomized design. The first factor was kombucha inoculum using different mediums (black and green tea) at different levels (5; 10; 15; dan 20%) as a second factor. The whey was fermented at 37oC for 39 hours. Research showed the use of kombucha inoculum using different medium (black and green tea) at different levels (5; 10; 15; dan 20%) did not affect (p>0.05) on microbiological properties (the number of Total Plate Count, total lactic acid bacteria, total acetic acid bacteria, and total yeast), dissolved protein content, lactose content, viscosity and acceptability. Black and green tea kombucha inoculum can be used in whey fermentation. Black tea kombucha fermented whey with 20% level addition has the best solid content. Relatively, kombucha fermented whey is quite acceptable.
Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Chicken Sausage with Addition of Roselle Extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and Different Filler Ratio
Authors: Jamhari Jamhari , Dewi Aryanti Candra , Setiyono Setiyono
Published: March 2019

This study was done to determine the effect of Roselle extract level (Hibiscus sabdariffa), and the wheat flour and mocaf flour ratio, as well as the interaction between the Roselle extract level and the wheat flour and mocaf flour ratio on the chemical, physical, and antioxidant activity of chicken sausage. The ingredients used were chicken meat, wheat flour, mocaf flour, Roselle extract, skim milk powder, and spices. Roselle extract levels were 0, 4, and 8% (v/w of total dough) and ratio of wheat flour : mocaf flours were 100:0, 50:50 and 0:100. Parameters observed included chemical composition (moisture, protein, and fat contents), physical properties (pH value and tenderness), and antioxidant activity of chicken sausage. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance of 3x3 factorial and continued by Duncan's new multiple range test test. The results of statistical analysis showed that Roselle extract level gave a significant effect (P<0.05) on moisture content, pH value, and antioxidant activity of chicken sausage. Ratio of wheat flour : mocaf flour gave a significant effect (P<0.05) on protein content,  tenderness and antioxidant activity of chicken sausage. There was no interaction between Roselle extract level and the wheat flour : mocaf flour ratio on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of chicken sausage. The conclusion of this study is the addition of Roselle extract upto 8% will increase moisture content and antioxidant activity, but it decreases the pH value and tenderness of chicken sausage. Subtitution of wheat flour with mocaf flour will reduce protein content, tenderness and antioxidant activity of chicken sausage.