bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive glucose sensing methodologies for the measurement of human blood glucose levels
Authors: Ασημακόπουλος Κωνσταντίνος
Published: January 2025

Αυτή η διδακτορική διατριβή εξερευνά τον καινοτόμο τομέα της μη επεμβατικής παρακολούθησης γλυκόζης (Non-Invasive Glucose Monitoring - NGM), μια πολλά υποσχόμενη προσέγγιση για τη βελτίωση της διαχείρισης του διαβήτη μέσω ανώδυνου και συνεχούς ελέγχου των επιπέδων γλυκόζης στο αίμα. Ο διαβήτης, μια χρόνια πάθηση που επηρεάζει εκατομμύρια ανθρώπους παγκοσμίως, απαιτεί αποτελεσματική παρακολούθηση γλυκόζης για τη διαχείριση σχετικών επιπλοκών. Οι παραδοσιακές επεμβατικές μέθοδοι, όπως οι μετρήσεις με τρύπημα δακτύλου και οι συνεχείς μετρητές γλυκόζης, αν και αποτελεσματικές, συχνά προκαλούν δυσφορία και προβλήματα συμμόρφωσης. Μια βασική συνεισφορά αυτής της εργασίας είναι η ανάπτυξη ενός αισθητήρα βασισμένου στην αρχή του Χρόνου Πτήσης (Time-of-Flight - ToF) για την ανίχνευση γλυκόζης σε φυσιολογικές συνθήκες. Αυτός ο καινοτόμος οπτικός αισθητήρας που χρησιμοποιεί την αρχή του ToF αναπτύχθηκε και αποδείχθηκε επιτυχώς ότι μπορεί να επιτύχει επαρκή διείσδυση βάθους και ευαισθησία για την ανίχνευση αλλαγών που προκαλούνται από τη γλυκόζη στο ανθρώπινο δέρμα. Υπολογιστικές προσομοιώσεις, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της μεθόδου Πεπερασμένων Στοιχείων (Finite Element Method - FEM) και προσομοιώσεων Monte Carlo, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν για τη βελτιστοποίηση του σχεδιασμού του αισθητήρα και την πρόβλεψη αλληλεπιδράσεων φωτός-ιστού. Παρά την ελπιδοφόρα απόδοσή του, η ακρίβεια του αισθητήρα επηρεάστηκε από παράγοντες όπως τα επίπεδα ενυδάτωσης, η σκέδαση ιστών και οι εξωτερικές περιβαλλοντικές συνθήκες. Προσπάθειες για τη μέτρηση της γλυκόζης μέσω μέτρησης βιοεμπέδησης και παραμέτρων σκέδασης RF (S11 και S21) ανέδειξαν επαναλαμβανόμενες αλλά μη πειστικές συσχετίσεις με τα επίπεδα γλυκόζης. Τα ευρήματα της εργασίας, αναδεικνύουν τη δυναμική των οπτικών μεθόδων ενώ υπογραμμίζουν την ανάγκη για πολυπαραμετρικά συστήματα που αντιμετωπίζουν τους εγγενείς περιορισμούς των μεμονωμένων τεχνικών. Οι μελλοντικές ερευνητικές κατευθύνσεις περιλαμβάνουν την ενσωμάτωση οπτικών τεχνικών και τεχνικών βιοεμπέδησης σε ένα ενιαίο πλαίσιο, την αξιοποίηση της μηχανικής μάθησης για συγχώνευση δεδομένων και τη μείωση του θορύβου που προκαλείται από περιβαλλοντικούς και φυσιολογικούς παράγοντες. Αυτές οι περαιτέρω ερευνητικές προτάσεις αποσκοπούν στην επίτευξη ανθεκτικών, ακριβών και κλινικά βιώσιμων συστημάτων μη επεμβατικής παρακολούθησης γλυκόζης.
Εκπαίδευση Ενηλίκων στην Κύπρο: Ιστορική Αναδρομή και Εξέλιξη
Authors: Πηλείδη Κόνιζου Στυλιάνα
Published: January 2025

Στόχος του κειμένου είναι η απεικόνιση της ιστορικής αναδρομής και εξέλιξης του πεδίου της Εκπαίδευσης Ενηλίκων. Το κείμενο χωρίζεται σε τρεις βασικές ιστορικές φάσεις  κατά τις οποίες αναλύονται τα βήματα και οι εξελικτικές εκπαιδευτικές διαδικασίες που προέκυψαν σε κάθε φάση. Η κάθε φάση τεκμηριώνεται με ιστορικά ντοκουμέντα στα οποία αναφέρονται οι εκπαιδευτικές εξελίξεις κατά την Αγγλοκρατία (1950-1960), την Ανεξαρτησία (1960-1974) και την Τουρκοκρατία (1974 μέχρι σήμερα). Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται συνδυασμός των πρωτογενών ερευνητικών δεδομένων και της βιβλιογραφίας που σχετίζεται με την ιστορία της Κύπρου. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, τα πρωτογενή ερευνητικά δεδομένα αφορούν υλικό από το Κρατικό Αρχείο Κύπρου. Από την ιστορική αναδρομή αναδεικνύεται σαφής συσχέτιση ιστορικών εμπειριών και εκπαιδευτικών αλλαγών σχετικά με τον τρόπο που οι αλλαγές επηρέαζαν και επηρεάζουν τους ενήλικους της Κύπρου, και τέλος, τις σύγχρονες προκλήσεις που καλούνται να αντιμετωπίσουν οι αρμόδιοι για την εξέλιξη της Εκπαίδευσης Ενηλίκων του νησιού.
Greek biology students’ knowledge and perceptions of Natura 2000 protected areas
Authors: OIKONOMOU ANTHI , STASINAKIS PANAGIOTIS K. , MAVRIKAKI EVANGELIA , PAFILIS PANAYIOTIS
Published: January 2025

Education is an important component to achieve biodiversity conservation. Given the need to increase environmental awareness and literacy towards more effective biodiversity conservation and more participatory management of protected areas, this paper aims to investigate the level of knowledge and perceptions of Biology students in Greece on Natura 2000 protected areas. The research was conducted using a standardized questionnaire, administered to 434 students from five biology departments. The students’ knowledge score was notably low and the department of their study did not differentiate the level of knowledge. In contrast, students in more advanced academic years or interested in Ecology, Zoology or Botany demonstrated a higher knowledge score than participants interested in other scientific disciplines. The majority of the students agreed with the establishment of a protected area in their place of residence. In terms of Natura 2000 management, NGOs, independent authorities and governmental organizations were more favored to the private sector. Regarding Natura 2000 site financing, the payment of users in specific areas and the purchase of local products are preferred. To integrate biodiversity conservation concepts in ecology study programmes and textbooks, the participation of experts from multiple scientific fields and the integration of a diverse array of teaching methods and tools are imperative.
Η ένταξη του διαδραστικού πίνακα στη διδασκαλία: απόψεις και πρακτικές εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Γαλιατσάτου Φιλίππια , Βεκύρη Ιωάννα
Published: January 2025

Ο σκοπός της παρούσας ποιοτικής έρευνας ήταν η διερεύνηση των απόψεων και των πρακτικών εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης σχετικά με την εκπαιδευτική ένταξη του διαδραστικού πίνακα (ΔΠ). Η έρευνα συμβάλλει στηνελληνόγλωσση βιβλιογραφία, καθώς εστιάζει σε εκπαιδευτικούς που κάνουν χρήση του ΔΠ και μελετά τον τρόπο αξιοποίησής του. Πραγματοποιήθηκαν ημι-δομημένες συνεντεύξεις με 13 εκπαιδευτικούς και παρατηρήσεις μίας διδασκαλίας στις τάξεις έξι εξ αυτών. Τα αποτελέσματα ανέδειξαν τρόπους χρήσης του ΔΠ στην τάξη που αντιστοιχούν σε διαφορετικά επίπεδα αξιοποίησης των δυνατοτήτων του. Οι εκπαιδευτικοί εξέφρασαν θετικές απόψεις και περιέγραψαν αρκετά πλεονεκτήματα για τη χρήση του ΔΠ στη διδασκαλία και τη μάθηση, όπως την καλύτερη διαχείριση της τάξης, την εξοικονόμησηδιδακτικού χρόνου, την αύξηση των κινήτρων συμμετοχής των μαθητών και την υποστήριξη διαφορετικών μαθησιακών στυλ. Ως σημαντικά μειονεκτήματα του ΔΠ αναφέρθηκαν το κόστος αγοράς και συντήρησής του και τεχνικές δυσκολίες στηλειτουργία του. Τα ευρήματα συμβάλλουν στην αποτίμηση της ένταξης του ΔΠ στα ελληνικά σχολεία και αναδεικνύουν τις επιμορφωτικές ανάγκες των εκπαιδευτικών.
Η Επαυξημένη Πραγματικότητα στη διδασκαλία: Η περίπτωση του Ηλιακού Συστήματος
Authors: Ντρενογιάννη Ελένη , Ζέρβα Ευτυχία
Published: January 2025

Η παρούσα εργασία εστιάζει: (α) στον προσδιορισμό της επαύξησης των επιδόσεων μαθητών Δημοτικού σχολείου μετά τη χρήση προκατασκευασμένων εφαρμογών επαυξημένης πραγματικότητας στη διδασκαλία θεμάτων σχετικών με τοηλιακό σύστημα και (β) στην περιγραφή των απόψεων των παιδιών για τη διδασκαλία μέσω των εργαλείων αυτών. Για την επιδίωξη των ερευνητικών στόχων υιοθετήθηκε η μικτή προσέγγιση και συγκεκριμένα ο συγκλίνων ερευνητικός σχεδιασμός, κατά τον οποίο συλλέγονται ταυτόχρονα και αναλύονται συνδυαστικά ποσοτικά και ποιοτικά δεδομένα. Με βάση τα αποτελέσματα η επίδραση μιας κατάλληλης διδασκαλίας στην οποία συνεισφέρει η χρήση περιβαλλόντων επαυξημένης πραγματικότητας ήταν βελτιωτική ως προς τις επιδόσεις των μαθητών που συμμετείχαν στην έρευνα. Παράλληλα, οι μαθητέςυποστήριξαν ότι τα εν λόγω υλικά τους βοήθησαν να παραμείνουν προσηλωμένοι και να κατανοήσουν στοιχεία, έννοιες και φαινόμενα που αφορούσαν το ηλιακό σύστημα ενδυναμώνοντας τις «εμπειρίες» τους και επεκτείνοντας τον βαθμό αντίληψης και κατανόησης της κίνησης και των χαρακτηριστικών των ουράνιων σωμάτων.
Αξιολόγηση εκπαιδευτικής εφαρμογής για σχεδίαση και κατασκευή τυπωμένων ηλεκτρονικών κυκλωμάτων στην Τεχνική Επαγγελματική Εκπαίδευση
Authors: Κοσμίδης Ιορδάνης , Κέκκερης Γεράσιμος , Κίτσας Ηλίας
Published: January 2025

Το 2000 επιχειρήθηκε μία παρέμβαση εκσυγχρονισμού της Τεχνικής - Επαγγελματικής Εκπαίδευσης μέσω προμήθειας νέων λογισμικών για εκπαιδευτική χρήση και προσαρμογής υφιστάμενων λογισμικών της ελληνικής και διεθνούς αγοράς. Ηπαρούσα έρευνα, αφορά στην αξιολόγηση χρήσης Πολυμεσικής Εκπαιδευτικής Εφαρμογής (ΠΕΕ) για τη μελέτη, σχεδίαση και κατασκευή τυπωμένων ηλεκτρονικών κυκλωμάτων. Η έρευνα διενεργήθηκε με χρήση ερωτηματολογίου σχετικού με την ΠΕΕκαι τη χρήση της. Συμμετείχαν 53 εκπαιδευτικοί διαφόρων ειδικοτήτων από Επαγγελματικά Λύκεια. Οι ερωτήσεις ομαδοποιήθηκαν σε εννέα άξονες αξιολόγησης. Κατά την ανάλυση διακύμανσης παρατηρήθηκε στατιστικά σημαντική διαφοροποίηση των απαντήσεων ως προς το φύλο και ως προς την κατοχή θέσης ευθύνης των συμμετεχόντων. Η ανάλυση παραγόντων ως προς τους άξονες αξιολόγησης οδήγησε στην εξαγωγή δύο συνιστωσών, οι οποίες αφορούν αφενός στο κατά πόσο το εκπαιδευτικό υλικό παρουσιάζεται κατάλληλα, καλύπτει και εξυπηρετεί τις ανάγκες της ομάδας χρηστών για την οποία αναπτύχθηκε, και αφετέρου στην απεικόνιση της αξιοπιστίας των παρεχόμενων πληροφοριών της ΠΕΕ, και τη δυνατότητα χρήσης τους από τους χρήστες. Από τα ευρήματα της έρευνας προκύπτει ότι η ΠΕΕ είναι εν γένει αποδεκτή ωςεκπαιδευτικό εργαλείο, ωστόσο απαιτείται προετοιμασία των εκπαιδευτικών προκειμένου να ενσωματωθεί στην υπάρχουσα εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία.
Μελέτη της λειτουργίας της ανεμογεννήτριας με μεθοδολογία STEM από μαθητές πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Authors: Πολίτη Ειρήνη , Καρατράντου Ανθή , Παναγιωτακόπουλος Χρήστος
Published: January 2025

Διεθνώς, παρατηρείται μια εντατική προσπάθεια για την ανάπτυξη της εκπαίδευσης STEM με στόχο την προετοιμασία των μαθητών για μία επιστημονικά και τεχνολογικά ανεπτυγμένη κοινωνία. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να μελετήσει την επίδραση της μεθοδολογίας STEM στην επίδοση μαθητών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης. Για τον σκοπό αυτό σχεδιάστηκε καιυλοποιήθηκε μία διδακτική παρέμβαση με μεθοδολογία STEM που αφορούσε το μάθημα των Φυσικών και συγκεκριμένα την αιολική ενέργεια και τις ανεμογεννήτριες. Ως μεθοδολογία της έρευνας χρησιμοποιήθηκε η μικτή μέθοδος (συνδυασμός ποσοτικής και ποιοτικής μεθόδου). Τα μέσα συλλογής δεδομένων που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ήταν συμμετοχική παρατήρηση, τα φύλλα εργασίας των μαθητών και ερωτηματολόγιο γνωστικού περιεχομένου πριν και μετά τη διδακτική παρέμβαση. Δείγμα της μελέτης αποτέλεσαν 46 μαθητές της Ε’ και ΣΤ’ τάξης δύο δημοτικών σχολείων στην περιοχή της πόλης των Πατρών. Τααποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι η διδακτική παρέμβαση με μεθοδολογία STEM επηρέασε θετικά και σε σημαντικό βαθμό την επίδοση και το ενδιαφέρον των μαθητών για το συγκεκριμένο μάθημα.
Διερεύνηση της αποδοχής και χρήσης των φορητών συσκευών ως υποστηρικτικών εργαλείων μάθησης στην τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση
Authors: Ζαχαρής Γεώργιος , Τσιτουρίδου Μελπομένη
Published: January 2025

Η παρούσα έρευνα στοχεύει στη διερεύνηση των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν την πρόθεση και την αποδοχή των φοιτητών στη χρήση των φορητών συσκευών στις σπουδές τους. Ερευνητικό εργαλείο αποτέλεσε μια τροποποιημένη εκδοχήτης Ενοποιημένης Θεωρίας Αποδοχής και Χρήσης της Τεχνολογίας (UTAUT) προσαρμοσμένη στο ελληνικό πλαίσιο. Συνολικά, συμμετείχαν 217 φοιτητές του Τμήματος Επιστημών Προσχολικής Αγωγής και Εκπαίδευσης, του Αριστοτελείου ΠανεπιστημίουΘεσσαλονίκης. Το ερευνητικό εργαλείο έδειξε αξιοσημείωτη εσωτερική συνέπεια και αξιοπιστία, με μεγάλη ισχύ για τη συλλογή των δεδομένων. Οι Συνθήκες Διευκόλυνσης και η Ενίσχυση της Μάθησης είναι οι παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν στατιστικά σημαντικά την πρόθεση των συμμετεχόντων να χρησιμοποιήσουν τις φορητές συσκευές στις σπουδέςτους. Επιπρόσθετα, οι παράγοντες Συνθήκες Διευκόλυνσης, και Ενίσχυση της Μάθησης Χρήσης φάνηκε να επηρεάζουν στατιστικά σημαντικά τους συμμετέχοντες αναφορικά με την πραγματική χρήση των φορητών συσκευών στις σπουδές τους. Τα ευρήματα της παρούσας έρευνας ενισχύουν τα δεδομένα σχετικά με τη χρήση φορητών συσκευών από φοιτητές για τις σπουδές τους.
Differential gene expression during recall of behaviorally conditioned immune enhancement in rats: a pilot study
Authors: Rueckels Markus , Picard-Mareau Marcus
Published: January 2025

Background Behaviorally conditioned immune functions are suggested to be regulated by bidirectional interactions between CNS and peripheral immune system via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathetic nervous system (SNS), and the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Since the current knowledge about biochemical pathways triggering conditioned immune enhancement is limited, the aim of this pilot study was gaining more insights into that. Methods Rats were conditioned with camphor smell and poly I:C injection, mimicking a viral infection. Following stimulus re-exposure, animals were sacrificed at different time points, and neural tissues along the HPA axis was analyzed with a rat genome array together with plasma protein using Luminex analysis. Results In the hypothalamus, we observed a strong upregulation of genes related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling (Otx2, Spp1, Fzd6, Zic1), monoaminergic transporter Slc18a2 and opioid-inhibitory G-protein Gpr88 as well as downregulation of dopaminergic receptors, vasoactive intestinal peptide Vip, and pro-melanin-concentrating hormone Pmch. In the pituitary, we recognized mostly upregulation of steroid synthesis in combination with GABAergic, cholinergic and opioid related neurotransmission, in adrenal glands, altered genes showed a pattern of activated metabolism plus upregulation of adrenoceptors Adrb3 and Adra1a. Data obtained from spleen showed a strong upregulation of immunomodulatory genes, chemo-/cytokines and glutamatergic/cholinergic neurotransmission related genes, as also confirmed by increased chemokine and ACTH levels in plasma. Conclusions Our data indicate that in addition to the classic HPA axis, there could be additional pathways as e.g. the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP), connecting brain and immune system, modulating and finetuning communication between brain and immune system.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in fresh produce in selected developing countries
Authors: Fatunla Opeyemi K. , Adegoke Anthony A. , Ofon Utibe A. , Aiyegoro Olayinka A.
Published: January 2025

This study explored the occurrence of Listeria monocytogenes in fresh produce across Nigeria and selected developing countries, applying a holistic health perspective through a structured review and quantitative synthesis of available research published between 2006 and 2022. Following PRISMA standards, a pre-specified protocol for the review was designed and documented in PROSPERO (ID = CRD42024521833). A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases yielded 12 eligible studies. Data were extracted using standardized protocols, and pooled prevalence was calculated using a random-effects model. The overall prevalence was 8.4% (95% CI: 6.3-10.8%), with higher contamination in West Africa (10.5%) compared to Southeast Asia (5.2%). Leafy vegetables exhibited the highest contamination (12.1%). Molecular detection via PCR had higher detecting sensitivity (11.6%) compared to traditional culture methods (7.3%). The analysis revealed significant heterogeneity among the included studies (I2 = 97.79%, p < 0.0001), indicating considerable variability in the reported prevalence of Listeria spp. Environmental factors, such as temperature and poor agricultural practices, contributed to contamination. These findings underscore the need for robust hygiene controls and monitoring to mitigate L. monocytogenes risks in fresh produce.
Social pain: A systematic review on interventions
Authors: Brooks Brandon M. , Cordero Francisco J. , Alchermes Stephen L. , Brooks Bradley M.
Published: January 2025

Social pain is emotional distress caused harm or threat to social connections that results in social exclusion, rejection, or loss. Social Pain is also a potentiator of physical pain. Supportive social relationships are widely recognized for their impact on maintaining health and well-being. The Passion of Jesus Christ serves as a quintessential example of social pain (i.e., desertion, betrayal, denial) potentiating physical pain (i.e., beatings, Crown of Thorns, crucifixion). Christ opts to forgive. Although forgiveness is one solution to reduce social pain, other interventions exist. This review seeks to identify and summarize interventions associated with reducing social pain. We conducted a systematic review using Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, and Cochrane CENTRAL to identify relevant articles. Results: The database searches produced 548 articles. Fourteen randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this systematic review. Acetaminophen, both deceptive and open-label placebos, mindfulness training, and psilocybin were found to reduce social pain. Of note, the combination of acetaminophen and forgiveness yielded superior results compared to either acetaminophen or forgiveness alone. Pharmacological interventions operate on the premise that the neural pathways responsible for physical pain also play a role in social pain. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are available for reducing social pain.
Systems Leadership: a qualitative systematic review of advice for policymakers
Authors: Cairney Paul , Toomey Claire
Published: January 2025

Background ‘Systems leadership’ research rejects the idea that complex policy problems can be solved by a few heroic leaders in the centre of government or at the top of organisations. Many people need to contribute to systems leadership by collaborating to harness the skills of actors across government and outside of government. At times, this proposition is vague and it is difficult to know who should change or what to do. We searched the academic and grey literature for further advice on how to foster effective systems leadership. Methods We conducted a qualitative systematic review (2024) of peer reviewed journal articles (Web of Science) and grey literature reports (Policy Commons, Overton). Each text had to inform advice on systems leadership. We used an immersive inductive approach to identify key sources of ideas, highlight common themes, and relate the results to insights from policy theories. Results 84 texts met the inclusion criteria (39 Web of Science, 34 Policy Commons, 11 Overton), then we included 80 snowballed academic and grey references (total 164). Some relate leadership to complexity theory, but most provide broad accounts of systems leadership that emphasise decentralisation and collaboration. These accounts describe high aspirations and essential skills but limited evidence from activity. Nevertheless, this literature helps us produce a coherent synthesis of common insights and advice on how to foster systems leadership. Conclusions We identify key features of systems leadership: reject heroic top-down leadership and central control in favour of collaboration across boundaries; develop attributes (e.g. humility), mindsets (e.g. big picture), and skills (e.g. facilitation) to act in complex systems (albeit without a common view on what a complex system is); and, seek organisational and political support for this approach. Some accounts identify barriers to systems leadership and negative experiences, while others redefine such obstacles as learning opportunities.
India and China on the War in Ukraine: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Bonikowska Malgorzata
Published: January 2025

Background The Russian invasion of Ukraine has divided the world. While the Western countries have formed a coalition to support Ukraine, those in the Global South have taken more nuanced positions, refraining from explicitly condemning Russia. Within the BRICS group, which includes Russia, as well as China and India, the latter two nations have sought to leverage the situation to advance their own strategic interests. Method This research aims to analyze the dominant narratives in Indian and Chinese media regarding the international situation. Particular focus is placed on their relationships with Russia, as well as in the context of energy resources, perceptions of the West, and the broader impact of the war in Ukraine on the global order. A qualitative research methodology was employed, focusing on the comparative analysis of secondary sources, namely news articles. The hypothesis posited is: “While India and China, both members of the Global South and BRICS, share some geopolitical alignments with Russia, their differing systems of governance – democratic in India and authoritarian in China – result in distinct perspectives on the war in Ukraine and its consequences for the international order.” Results The analysis reveals that, despite both China and India countries' alignment with the Global South and their identification with developing nations' interests, China and India differ fundamentally in most aspects of their approach to the war in Ukraine and its implications. Conclusions Both Chinese and Indian media emphasize the importance of a multipolar world and multilateralism, articulating a clear critique of "Western dominance" and stressing the need for change. At the same time, they differ in their strategies to leverage the current situation for their respective interests.
Historic, examination and conservation issues relating to Portrait of Gustav Adolf Hollander by Julius Gottfried Siegmund
Authors: Dziduch Joanna
Published: January 2025

The aim of this article is to provide an overview of historic, techniqueand technology reaserch, as well as conservation process, relating tothe oil painting on canvas entitled Portrait of Gustav Adolf Hollander(formerly known as Portrait of a Man in an Interior), dated to the thirdor fourth quarter of the 19th century, by Julius Gottfried Siegmund,originally from Riga. The painting has belonged to the collection ofthe National Museum in Poznan since shortly after the end of WorldWar II in 1945.As a result of historical research acomplished during theconservation and restoration of the painting at the Faculty ofConservation and Restoration of Works of Art, at the Academy of FineArts in Warsaw in 2021–2022, it was possible to establish the identityof the man portrayed and the place represented in the painting.The painting was referred to as Portrait of a Man in an Interior in thePoznan Museum’s inventory card written in 1985.
During the complex process of conservation work, a detailed studyof painting technique and technology was also carried out. Thisallowed for a better understanding and broader knowledge of theartist’s workshop.The steps taken aimed at rescuing the historic substance of thework of art and making the painting present once again in theconsciousness of the viewer, which due to its history is now thecommon heritage of Latvians, Germans and Poles.
Art in Medieval Tartu
Authors: Mänd Anu
Published: January 2025

Of the three medieval Livonian cities, Tartu is in the most challengingposition when it comes to both written and visual sources. Repeatedlyconquered and plundered during the wars of the 16th–20th centuries,Tartu lost its medieval archives and buildings. To date, research onmedieval Tartu’s art has largely concentrated on the architecture ofits cathedral and the parish church of St. John.This article aims to explore potential avenues for studying medievalart in Tartu by utilizing written sources, historical drawings, andsurviving works of art. Many of the stone carvings discussed arepublished here for the first time. However, the article does not intendto present a comprehensive overview of all preserved medievalart from Tartu – a task made impossible by the sheer number offragmented grave slabs alone.The first section of the article examines written records relatedto the commissioning and donation of artworks. It then reviews thepreserved carved stones and fragments from churches, including apiscina, a sacrament niche, and several grave slabs. Carved stonesfrom burgher residences are even fewer, comprising an inscribedcapital, three doorside stones (Beischlagsteine), and a lintel. Analysisof the limestone materials shows that most of the carved stonesfrom Tartu’s churches and dwellings were made from Lasnamäelimestone. However, it remains unclear whether only rough blockswere transported to Tartu or whether the artistic designs themselveswere commissioned from Tallinn masters. Finally, the article discussestwo notable artworks – a silver-gilt chalice and a bronze church bell– both of which were likely taken to Russia following the conquestof Tartu in 1558 during the Livonian War.The findings highlight that, while medieval sources for studyingTartu’s art are limited, they are more abundant than previouslyassumed. Continued investigation of written records and historicaldrawings holds great promise. In addition, many fragmented graveslabs require documentation and cataloging in museum collections,and further research into their materials is essential.
The efficacy of available supplements and medical drugs in longevity medicine - a review
Authors: Łata Michał , Chyćko Małgorzata , Przyborowska Kinga , Kwiecień Justyna , Rukat Mateusz , Strojny Agnieszka , Siemiątkowski Robert
Published: January 2025

Ageing is a complex process occurring simultaneously on various levels - visual, physical, mental. Some among many factors responsible for maintenance of good physical and mental health are various nutrients, vitamins, antioxidants and medical drugs. Within this review, selected substances that show anti-ageing potential were examined. This paper reviews data on model organisms concerning the effects of widely used drugs and dietary supplements on the lifespan of model organisms.
Condensed Aerosol Generators in Fire Safety of Buildings. Part 1 – Analysis of Normative and Legal Documents
Authors: Śliwiński Robert
Published: January 2025

Aim: The aim of this paper is to present the construction and principle of operation of condensed aerosol generators, as well as a review of their selected characteristics, confirmed in the process of assessment and verification of constancy of performance. The paper describes selected laboratory tests, including those specific to Group A, B and C fires. Introduction: Fixed firefighting systems, in addition to detection systems (fire alarm system) and alarm systems (voice evacuation systems), are one of the pillars of the safety of today's erected, increasingly complex buildings. However, unlike these detection and alarm systems, fire extinguishing systems based on condensed aerosol generators focus on providing an adequate level of protection for property, as they are dedicated to spaces that are not normally occupied. For this reason, emphasis is placed on the reliability of the generators, whose only task is to trigger appropriately at a specific time and fill the protected area with aerosol. Methodology: The theoretical research, such as analysis of literature and legal documents, synthesis, generalisation, inference, comparison and analogy, was used in the development of the paper. A review of selected characteristics validated in the process of assessment and verification of constancy of performance of the analysed products was carried out. Research processes relating to selected parameters of the generators and inherent in the conformity assessment of construction products are presented. Conclusions: It should be noted that, irrespective of their main purpose, condensed aerosol generators, which are a key component of aerosol fire extinguishing kits, can be crucial not only with regard to the safety of the buildings themselves, but also of their users, influencing the containment of a fire in the extinguishing zone where they are installed. Also, important is the awareness of owners and managers of building structures equipped with condensed aerosol generators. Their particular attention should be directed to the specifics of the generator itself and their knowledge of its operating principles. In the next stages of the work, it will be crucial to define the basics related to the connection of the generators to the installation forming a fixed firefighting system, to identify and describe issues related to design, installation and maintenance, and to identify the risks related to the potential exposure of the users of built structures to the extinguishing aerosol.
Developing structured clinical review templates in an integrated respiratory team during COVID-19: a qualitative review
Authors: Murphie Phyllis , Scott Yvonne , Watt Bruce , Paton Robin , Stewart Kayrine , McGill Susan , Jardine Shona , Shearer Susan , Duncan John
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

In response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in March 2020 and required adherence to infection control measures and patient and staff safety, an integrated respiratory team (IRT) developed guideline-based templates to support the team in teleconsultation reviews of their patients. Patients had been diagnosed with sleep disordered breathing, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, interstitial lung disease or had oxygen assessment needs.

Methods:

Nine IRT members collaboratively developed content for the templates to assist in clinical reviews. In February 2023 semi-structured interviews were conducted and recorded with eight of the IRT members using Microsoft Teams, then thematically analysed.

Results:

Qualitative analysis revealed 13 themes. The templates were considered time-saving and advantageous in teleconsultation reviews. They supported evidence-based, structured, and consistent reviews. They were felt to uphold patient safety, supporting knowledge and skills. IRT members reported the templates had no adverse effects on autonomy, patient-professional relationships or person-centred care. They facilitated good multidisciplinary team working and communication. One interviewee reported that the templates supported the Nursing and Midwifery Council Code.

Conclusion:

The templates continue to be used across the regional service by the IRT. Their benefit has been realised beyond the pandemic. Refinements will be made as guidelines are updated. The development of these innovative templates may be of interest and value to other respiratory teams.
Back in business
Authors: Jones Simon
Published: January 2025

In the first of two reports from Silmo Paris, Simon Jones offers a look at some of the eyewear and accessory novelties
People, partners, planet
Authors: Curran Helen
Published: January 2025

Helen Curran outlines some of the ways Specsavers is enabling its customers and colleagues to be more sustainable
The potential of amniotic membrane in eye care
Authors: Hopkinson Andrew
Published: January 2025

Dr Andrew Hopkinson describes the research being carried out in the use of amniotic membranes, and how more eye care professionals can engage with this therapy
Style and sustainability
Authors: Jones Simon
Published: January 2025

Simon Jones' second Silmo report looks at new styles and those at the forefront of corporate social responsibility
Vegetation condition and tourism suitability of natural mangrove in Bagek Kembar, Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: HADIPRAYITNO GITO , SUANA I WAYAN , SANTOSO DIDIK , JAPA LALU , SUYANTRI ENI , WIRAJAGAT GDE CAHYADI , SYAZALI MUHAMMAD , ILHAMDI MOHAMMAD LIWA , KAWIRIAN RIZKY REGINA
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Hadiprayitno G, Suana IW, Santoso D, Japa L, Suyantri E, Wirajagat GC, Syazali M, Ilhamdi ML, Kawirian RR. 2024. Vegetation condition and tourism suitability of natural mangrove in Bagek Kembar, Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 3703-3711. The Bagek Kembar Essential Ecosystem area is one of several mangrove-based tourist destinations in Lombok, Indonesia. This area features a natural mangrove forest zone amidst rehabilitated mangrove forests from former community ponds. This study aimed to understand the vegetation structure and composition of natural mangrove, the level of damage and their suitability for ecotourism. Data were collected from March to May 2023 by establishing eleven research transects. Trunk diameter and tree height were measured and canopy cover was analyzed using the Hemispherical Photography Method. A vegetation analysis was used to describe the mangrove community structure and composition. Level of damage was assessed using density and coverage parameters of mangrove vegetation while suitability for tourism was assessed using the tourism suitability index with parameters including the number of species, density and thickness of mangroves, tides, and fauna associated with the mangrove ecosystem. Eight mangrove species from five families were identified with the dominance of three species: Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh., Rhizophora mucronata Lam., and Rhizophora stylosa Griffith which spread across all transects. High variations in stem diameter and height indicated that the mangroves originated from natural succession. The natural mangrove forest zone in Bagek Kembar Essential Ecosystem area is classified as good based on the average density and percentage of canopy cover and is deemed very suitable for ecotourism development.
Identification of 16S rRNA genes in bacteriocin-producing bacteria
Authors: SUKMAWATI SUKMAWATI , SIPRIYADI SIPRIYADI , ROSALINA FEBRIANTI , RATNA RATNA , DEWI NURUL KUSUMA , ZAKARIAH MOHD IHWAN BIN
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Sukmawati S, Sipriyadi, Rosalina F, Ratna, Dewi NK, Zakariah MIB. 2024. Identification of 16S rRNA genes in bacteriocin-producing bacteria. Biodiversitas 25: 3720-3727. The use of safe and effective biopreservatives in the food industry is highly important to extend the product shelf life and maintain the product quality without posing health risks. Bacteriocins, antimicrobial compounds produced by bacteria, offer biopreservatives potential that can inhibit the growth of pathogens and spoilage microorganisms in food products. Bacteriocins as biopreservatives in the food industry due to their antimicrobial properties and potential to enhance food safety and shelf life. Bacteriocins as biopreservatives are stable at high temperatures, which makes them suitable for various food processes. They are also stable across a broad pH range, ensuring their effectiveness in different food environments. This stability under various conditions instills confidence in their effectiveness. This study aimed to identify the 16S rRNA gene of bacteriocin-producing bacteria as an initial step in developing biopreservative candidates. This research method is a descriptive method that describes the types of bacterial species that are capable of producing bacteriocins. Bacteria were isolated from shrimp paste (cincalok), and genetic analysis was performed using PCR and sequencing techniques to identify the 16S rRNA gene. The bacterial samples derived from shrimp paste were identified as Bacillus paramycoides strain MCCC 1A04098 BSH 1, Bacillus albus strain MCCC 1A02146 BSH 2, and Bacillus cereus strain IAM 12605 BSH. All three samples are Gram-positive with bacilli-shaped cells, leading to the conclusion that these bacteria have the potential as biopreservatives.
Predictive modelling of sustainable concrete compressive strength using advanced machine learning algorithms
Authors:   Nirma University, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, 382481, Ahmedabad, India, Joshi Tejas , Mathur Pulkit ,   Nirma University, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, 382481, Ahmedabad, India, Oza Parita ,   Nirma University, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, 382481, Ahmedabad, India, Agrawal Smita ,   Nirma University, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, 382481, Ahmedabad, India, Narmawala Husen ,   Nirma University, School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, 382481, Ahmedabad, India
Published: January 2025

Considerable efforts have been made to increase the compressive strength of concrete by incorporating industrial by-products such as recycled aggregates and manufactured sand as partial substitutes for natural materials. However, predicting the compressive strength of concrete remains a challenge due to the influence of various factors, such as the type and proportion of aggregates, the water-cement ratio, and the age of the concrete. This research focuses on the development of machine learning (ML) models to predict concrete's compressive strength (CS) at 7 and 28 days. Fifteen input parameters—cement, natural and recycled fine and coarse aggregates, fly ash, manufactured Sand (M-Sand), water, admixture, w/c ratio, and age—were identified as critical factors influencing CS. A data set of 1030 samples from the literature was used, supplemented by additional experiments with recycled aggregates and manufactured sand. The models were trained on 70 % of the data, and the remaining 30% was used for testing. The results show that ML algorithms are highly effective in predicting CS, with the random forest algorithm achieving the highest accuracy (R² = 0,95; error = 3,74). In addition, a novel WebApp has been developed to leverage these models, allowing users to input parameters and quickly obtain CS predictions for concrete mix designs. The user-friendly interface of the WebApp makes it an easily accessible tool for professionals and researchers in concrete engineering. In this study, the potential of ML, in particular the random forest algorithm, is emphasised as a reliable and cost-effective method for predicting concrete CS, providing a valuable alternative to conventional experimental approaches.
Evaluation of mechanical properties of sustainable and eco-friendly ultra-high-performance concrete using ternary cementitious binders
Authors:   Nirma University, Institute of Technology, Civil Engineering Department, Charrodi, S. G. Highway, 382481, Ahmedabad, India, Kothari Vineet , Dave Urmil ,   Nirma University, Institute of Technology, Civil Engineering Department, Charrodi, S. G. Highway, 382481, Ahmedabad, India
Published: January 2025

Building structures using Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) with better mechanical and durability properties requires effort and consideration for the environment. The present study comprises 17 distinct trial mixes or UHPC. The cementitious content ranges from 1200-1400 kg/m3, the water-to-cementitious ratio varies from 0,16-0,18, and micro-steel fibres measuring 0,2 × 13,0 mm are included at a proportion of 1,5 % of the total concrete volume. A variety of ingredients including cement, fly ash, micro-silica, fine sand, high-range water reducer, shrinkage reducing admixture, micro-steel fibres and water were utilised. Specimens were cast and evaluated at 7, 14, and 28 days for mechanical properties such as flexural, indirect tensile, and compressive strength, as well as fresh concrete characteristics, such as the slump cone test. The results indicate that there was an improvement in the slump cone value as the fly ash content increased. The mechanical characteristics were enhanced by the increase in micro-silica, which is attributed to the refining of the pore structure and the pozzolanic reactivity during the early stages. Optimal blend ratio for maximizing the compressive, tensile and flexural strength of UHPC has been identified in mixes where 15-20 % of cement has been replaced by Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) in various combinations. The replacement ratio was found to enhanced mechanical properties due to optimized particle packing and improved matrix density within the concrete.
John Flower's Newsletters: Their Author and his Source
Authors: Doelman James
Published: January 2025

abstract: This article identifies John Flower of Whitwell, Rutlandshire, as the likely author of the series of newsletters sent to John, Viscount Scudamore, from 1629 to 1634. More significantly, it demonstrates that Flower's main source of information was Emmanuel Giffard, a client of the Earl of Arundel, messenger for Sir Henry Vane (the elder), and from 1632 a gentleman of the King's Privy Chamber. Giffard, of Catholic background, was notorious for his outspoken skepticism about King Gustavus Adolphus's leadership of the Protestant cause in the Thirty Years' War.
Joint-Stock Companies, Colonialism, and Broadside Ballads in the Early Modern Period
Authors: Frost Duncan
Published: January 2025

abstract: This article studies colonial promotion in broadside ballads written in support of colonial endeavors or commissioned by joint-stock companies. Notably, these ballads target popular audiences, seeking investment from all members of society. The three case studies of ballads presented here (focusing on the Virginia colony, the Western Design, and the Darien scheme) demonstrate that colonial endeavors were pitched toward the common population, highlighting the importance placed on small-scale investments. Examining rhetoric and nontextual elements, such as musical tunes, this article analyzes the discourse of national and religious sympathies and the ballads' emphasis on material wealth, which provided motivation for investment.
A New Year's Gift for Roger North: The Afterlife of a Sixteenth-Century Cambridge Manuscript
Authors: Schlueter June , Blanding Michael
Published: January 2025

abstract: In 1973, Cambridge University Library purchased a scribal copy of a 1503 manuscript that intended to forge a lasting peace between the town of Cambridge and the University. This was not an original of the indenture (executed in counterpart) but a scribal copy prepared near the end of the century and presented as a new year's gift to Roger, second Lord North (1535-1600). Beautifully written and bound with a fulsome dedication to the Lord Lieutenant of Cambridgeshire, the volume changed hands several times, beginning in 1941, when Bernard Halliday acquired it from the North family library. This essay traces the afterlife of the 1503 indenture and its later dedication to North, offering a fascinating glimpse into custodial preservation and sixteenth-century patronage.
Old Chinese Coins in Medieval Japan
Authors: Kuroda Akinobu
Published: January 2025

abstract: Between the late twelfth and mid-fourteenth centuries, copper coins, undervalued and demonetized by Chinese dynasties, travelled to Japan for use as bronze material rather than money. The development of copper mining in Japan in the fifteenth century caused dealers to stratify coins, using standard coin for large, distant transactions and operational coin for local ones. When the import of standard coin from China was suspended, rice was revived as the monetary unit for transactions in 1570s' Japan. Local dealers changed consensus over what medium was to be used for transactions and what exchange rate was applied to standard coin. As late as the 1620s, brass copper coins newly issued by the Ming swept bronze copper coins bearing old era names from China. Responding to this trend on the continent, state-issued copper coins, such as the Kan'ei coin in Japan, swept away the actual free coinage system from East Asia. 摘要: 中世日本列島に流通した通貨は中国古銭であった。当初は鐘や仏像を鋳造する素材需要を満たすため廃銭政策をとる中国から輸入された。硫化銅精錬による銅価格下落は古銭と模造古銭の差別化慣行をシナ海一帯にもたらしたが、寛永通宝鋳造は列島内通貨流通を独立させた。
Representing the Nanban Moment: Gotō Thomé (1547?–1627)
Authors: Hesselink Reinier H.
Published: January 2025

abstract: Japan's "Nanban Moment" has recently been defined as "a critical juncture in world history when for the first time all the major urban civilizations became interconnected." These connections were political, economic, religious, literary, linguistic, and artistic in nature. This article presents the life of Gotō Thomé, a shopkeeper from Nagasaki's Uchimachi district, drawing upon different Japanese and European sources. As mayor, he was one of four principal officials of the Inner City. A major silk dealer, he was a leading member of the national silk guild. As elder of the São Paulo parish and member of the Misericordia Brotherhood, he was the main lay spokesman for the Jesuit missionaries. As printer of the Japanese texts generated by the Jesuits, he supported a new literary movement in Japan. Finally, as the likely sponsor of Nanban art, he played an important role in creating the arts and crafts of Japan's Christian experiment. 摘要: 「南蛮渡来の瞬間」は、世界史の中で初めて全ての主要な都市文明が相互接続した重要な分岐点で、政治、経済、宗教、言語、そして芸術的な要素を持っていた。本稿は、長崎内町の商店主で吉利支丹であった後藤トメの生涯を、日本とヨーロッパの史料から紹介する。
Adhyāropāpavāda : Revisiting the Interpretations of Svāmi Saccidānandendra Sarasvatī and The Post-Śaṅkarādvaitins
Authors: Hegde Manjushree
Published: January 2025

Abstract: A fundamental difference in Svāmi Saccidānandendra Sarasvatī’s (SSS) and the Post-Śaṅkarādvaitins’ (PSA) exegeses of Advaita Vedānta lies in the pedagogic method of adhyāropa-apavāda (deliberate attribution of characteristics to the attribute-less brahman and its corresponding/complementary contradiction). For SSS, adhyāropāpavāda is the sole method to negate avidyā (ignorance); other Upaniṣadic methods— lakṣaṇā and netivāda —are subsumed under it. For the PSA, on the other hand, adhyāropāpavāda plays a subsidiary, less consequential role in engendering gnosis; the primary role is that of mahāvākyas (the “great” Vedāntic statements). SSS denounces the PSA—with the sole exception of Sureśvarācārya —for their (purportedly incorrect) interpretation of the method; he contends that it has led to the lamentable reification of concepts in Advaita Vedānta and ultimately undermined its basic tenets. In this article, I articulate SSS’ position.
Method of measuring logistics packages volume based on structured light
Authors: Wu Jianyi , Xiao Suhua , Lin Ruihao , Lai Nanying , Yang Jian , Luo Wenbin
Published: January 2025

To address the need for rapid acquisition of package volume in the logistics industry, a method for measuring the volume of logistics packages based on speckle structured light cameras is proposed. This method utilizes an Astra structured light camera to construct a virtual plane. The plane is obtained by fitting a point cloud on the workbench, and a plane correction algorithm is designed to achieve plane correction and obtain a reference plane. The measurement position of the package is determined through depth image processing. An algorithm for projecting the edge point cloud onto the reference plane is proposed, combined with the minimum bounding rectangle algorithm to measure the length and width of the package. The height of the package is measured using a method of precision error compensation. Through experimental verification and uncertainty analysis, this method enables rapid and stable measurement of the volume of regular logistics packages. Additionally, it is also applicable for measuring irregular logistics packages. According to the analysis based on the guide to the uncertainty in the measurement method, the expanded uncertainties of the measured length and width are 3.57 mm, and the expanded uncertainty of the measured height is 2.20 mm, meeting the requirements for parcel volume measurement. This method demonstrates a stable and reliable volume measurement effect, enabling efficient and accurate acquisition of package volume measurement results.
Bidirectional chiral terahertz metasurface with circular dichroism and asymmetric transmission
Authors: Wang Dan , Li Jiu-Sheng , Guo Feng-Lei
Published: January 2025

We propose a bidirectional terahertz chiral metasurface with multifunctions of circular dichroism (CD) and asymmetric transmission (AT). When vanadium dioxide (VO2) is in a metallic state, the metasurface exhibits tri-frequency circular dichroism when circularly polarized waves are incident along the −z direction. As circularly polarized waves are incident along the +z direction, the circular dichroism value of the metasurface is more than 0.8 within the frequency range of 6.60–7.24 THz. When both vanadium dioxide and photosensitive silicon are in a dielectric state, the metasurface exhibits a linear asymmetric transmission effect, with a maximum AT of 0.80. At the same time, the metasurface produces linear polarization conversion with a polarization conversion rate (PCR) of more than 0.9 within the frequency range of 3.22–4.99 THz. The proposed bidirectional terahertz chiral metasurface offers an approach that effectively manipulates electromagnetic waves and exhibits potential application prospects within the domains of polarization detection, satellite communication, imaging display, and radar.