bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In-Vitro study of the Anticoagulant Property of Terminalia Catappa (Talisay) Leaf Extract Using Gallus Gallus (Chicken) Blood
Authors: Borela Vandon T. , Balunsat Klim Angelo L. , Briones Alyssa Juliana L. , Briones Patricia Nicole P.
Published: November 2020

Prothrombin time is a test used to help detect and diagnose a bleeding disorder or excessive clotting disorder. It is important to know the prothrombin time because it checks to see if five different blood clotting factors are present. Lack of Vitamin K and having Liver problems are one of the factors that can decrease the prothrombin time of the blood. This research aims to investigate the potential ability of the Terminalia catappa  (Talisay) leaf extract to increases prothrombin time of chicken’s blood. The research methods used by the researchers is experimental. A research design where the results are being observed and determined when the independent variable took effect on the dependent variable. . The materials used are ethanol, calcium chloride, leaves and chicken blood. The method that was used in the study is in-vitro, a process that is performed in a test tube, or elsewhere outside a living organism.  The 0.5 ml plasma sample was separated into four tubes and the first group of plasma was tested first to determine the initial prothrombin time while the other three groups with the different volumes of plant extract (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mg/ml)  was added separately. The tubes were tilted at about 45° until the permanent clots was obtained. These are recorded as the prothrombin time. The research showed that the Terminalia Catappa leaf extract is effective on increasing the normal prothrombin time of the blood.
Analysis of Factors Affecting the Increase in the Number of Sesarea Sections at the H. Sahudin Kutacane Regional Hospital, Southeast Aceh
Authors: Hikmah Mutiara , Asriwati Asriwati , Fitria Aida , Lastiur Lucia
Published: November 2020

Caesarean section delivery is a method of delivery in which an incision or incision is made in the abdominal wall and uterine wall to remove the product of conception. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the increase in the number of Sesarea sections in the H. Sahudin Kutacane Regional Hospital, Southeast Aceh, Aceh Province, Indonesia. This research method is a mixed method with a cross-sectional or explanatory sequential approach. The number of samples used for the quantitative study were 40 women giving birth by cesarean section, and for qualitative research using 4 informants consisting of 2 maternal, 1 obstetrician, and 1 clinic midwife. Data collection techniques in this study used primary, secondary, and tertiary data. The data analysis techniques used in this study were univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. The results of this study indicate that the factors of age (p = 0.221), education (p = 0.000), work (p = 0.733), parity (p = 0.000), medical indications (p = 0.140), JKN KIS (p = 0.000), knowledge (p = 0.007), and attitude (p = 0.000). Of the 5 related variables, there were no variables that directly affected the increase in cesarean section (p value => 0.05). There is a significant relationship between education, parity, national health insurance, knowledge and attitudes towards increasing cesarean section delivery in RSUD. H. Sahudin Kutacane, but of the five variables, none of the variables had an effect on the increase in the cesarean section rate in RSUD.H. Sahudin Kutacane.
Observations of the foraging behavior and activity patterns of the Korean wood mouse, Apodemus peninsulae, in China, using infra-red cameras
Authors: Li Dianwei , Hao Jingwei , Yao Xu , Liu Yang , Peng Ting , Jin Zhimin , Meng Fanxing
Published: November 2020

Apodemus peninsulae, a dominant rodent species in temperature forests of northeastern China, is a model animal to explore the ecological functions of reciprocal coevolution of animals and plants. From August to October 2016, 24 infra-red cameras were installed to study the feeding behavior and activity patterns of A. peninsulae in its natural environment. By analyzing 5618 video records, we found that feeding behavior, followed by motor and sentinel behaviors, was their main activity. In the behavior spectra, motor behavior (creep, walk, and skip), feeding behavior (forage, feeding, transport, hoarding, and clean), and sentinel behavior (alert, flee, banishment, and coexistence) accounted for 57.96%, 40.36%, and 1.68% of their behavior, respectively. The peak of feeding behavior occurred between 18:00 and 23:00, and feeding behavior frequency, duration, and activity rhythms differ among August to October. Furthermore, activity was the greatest after sunset and before sunrise, indicating a nocturnal lifestyle; however, from August to October, the start time of the activity was earlier, and the end time was later than usual. On average, mice spent 21.6 ± 11.6 times/night feeding, with a duration of 63.58 ± 98.36 s; while they spent less time in foraging, 39.05 ± 51.63 s. We found a significant difference in feeding and foraging frequency, with mice spending on average 10.84 ± 9.85 times/night and 9.23 ± 11.17 times/night, respectively. Our results show that feeding and foraging behavior is also influenced by light intensity, suggesting a preference for crepuscular periods of the day. Infra-red cameras are very useful in detecting activity patterns of animals that are not easily observable; these cameras are able to capture a large amount of valuable information for research into ecological functions.
Physical Activity, Screen Time, and Mood Disturbance Among Chinese Adolescents During COVID-19
Authors: Xiao Suhua , Yan Zi , Zhao Li
Published: November 2020

The purpose of the current study was to explore the physical activity and screen time status among Chinese adolescents during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) lockdown and their association with mood disturbance and conflicts with parents. A total of 1,680 7th to 12th grade students enrolled at a large middle-high school located in Southwest China completed an online survey measuring mood states, physical activity, screen time, conflicts with parents, and body height and weight. Physical activity, particularly of at least 150 minutes' duration each week, significantly decreased the likelihood of negative mood among adolescents during lock-down. Screen time, specifically other than that spent on online study, had a negative association with mood, after controlling for the relevant variables (i.e., physical activity and body mass index). Less screen time and accumulating 150 minutes of physical activity were associated with fewer conflicts with parents. With the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, local school districts, school leaders, and health professionals should develop greater awareness of potential problems with, and engage parents in developing specific guidance on controlling, screen time and promoting physical activity in a time-sensitive manner. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59
(4), 14–20.]
La imagen del otro: indios, blancos y negros en el México del siglo XVI
Authors: Cortés Alonso Vicenta
Published: November 2020

Estudio de la imagen que se ofrece de indios, blancos y negros en un documento administrativo de los primeros lustros del asentamiento de los castellanos en México: La Pintura del gobernador, Alcaldes y Regidores de México. «Códice Osuna», publicado en Madrid en edición facsimilar en los años 70. En él se escalonan las pinturas indígenas, los textos en nahuatl y las traducciones al español, sobre los temas de la vida de los funcionarios virreinales y de los indios y negros que les daban servicio. Se analiza la visión de cada participante, explícita o no, de la agricultura, la industria o las obras públicas, así como el aprendizaje de la lengua, la escritura y la participación en las instituciones castellanas.
Productividad y rentabilidad de la mano de obra esclava en el desarrollo de la plantación cubana
Authors: Tornero Pablo
Published: November 2020

Se estudian las características demográficas y laborales, así como el valor monetario de los esclavos negros en Cuba entre 1784 y 1837. Para ello se han elegido 31 ingenios diferentes entre sí en cuanto a su producción y extensión. A partir de dicho análisis se puede decir que al menos entre esas fechas el trabajo esclavo fue la base de la plantación cubana por su capacidad de producción y su rentabilidad.
Cuevas y cerros en la tradición oral y ceremonial de los amerindios de Venezuela
Authors: Perera Miguel A.
Published: November 2020

Considerando el valor de los mitos en la tradición oral, comportamiento de los pueblos aborígenes y en la conformación de la «identidad» de una nación de composición multiracial, se hace una valoración de la significación de los fenómenos clásicos en la mitología amerindia venezolana recogida por la crónica colonial y modernamente. La situación demográfica del mundo indígena de nuestro país abre paso al análisis comparativo de mitos y ceremonias relacionados con esos mismos accidentes geográficos.
Historiografía sobre la República Boliviana
Authors: Irurozqui Marta , Peralta Victor
Published: November 2020

El presente trabajo es un balance crítico acerca de las tendencias historiográficas referidas a Bolivia para el período republicano, es decir los siglos XIX y XX. Las temáticas que se abordan corresponden al debate perfilado en torno a la naturaleza del poder oligárquico, el tipo de resistencia indígena que se desarrolla específicamente frente a la presión terrateniente, los procesos regionales y su incidencia en la formación de las élites y, finalmente, los nuevos enfoques y temas que complementan en cierto modo las reflexiones anteriores.
Las Rentas de Anfión: El Monopolio Español del opio en Filipinas (1844-1898) y su rechazo por la administración norteamericana
Authors: Gamella Juan F. , Martín Elisa
Published: November 2020

Los autores se proponen perfilar las características del sistema monopolista español del opio en el archipiélago filipino, su relación con la población china y el papel de esta colectividad en la economía colonial del siglo XIX, así como los cambios que sobre el uso de opiáceos impuso la administración norteamericana desde 1898, y los choques en que derivaron ambas concepciones. A través de un estudio de los proyectos, leyes y medidas que sobre las drogas se emprendieron, tanto de tipo permisivo como prohibicionista, concluyen que, eludiendo planteamientos fanáticos y racistas, tanto como intereses políticos y económicos de cualquier tipo que sean, la mejor política sería la que se fundamentase en la costumbre y el control social informal, propuesta, a su entender, válida en sí misma para cualquier sociedad en que se planteen problemas de esta índole.
Algunas noticias de la Expedición Malaspina en Filipinas 1792
Authors: Bañas Llanos Belén
Published: November 2020

Este año de 1992 se cumplen 200 años de la estancia de la famosa expedición científica de Alejandro Malaspina en Filipinas; así como de la muerte del naturalista Antonio Pineda, en esas tierras. Por estos motivos, se conmemoran, de alguna forma, los dos eventos resaltando las actividades científicas, noticias y anécdotas de la Expedición, en aquel lejano archipiélago.
Discrepancias del Obispo y de los doctrineros con la Audiencia y los indígenas de Guatemala, 1687
Authors: García Añoveros Jesús
Published: November 2020

En los años de 1680 surgen problemas, en la lejana parroquia indígena de San Mateo Ixtatán de Guatemala, entre el cura doctrinero y un grupo de indígenas. Intervienen el obispo y el fiscal de la Audiencia, el primero defendiendo al doctrinero y el segundo a los indígenas. Los sucesos y proceso acaecidos son un exponente de las tensiones jurisdiccionales vividas entre la autoridad eclesiástica y civil y un ejemplo de cómo la Audiencia intervenía a favor de los indígenas.
Los españoles en un país más alla del océano, Brasil Notas acerca de las etapas de la emigración
Authors: González Martínez Elda
Published: November 2020

Se estudian las fases de la emigración española al estado de Sao Paulo y de forma especial durante el período comprendido entre 1880-1930. Se ha tomado como punto de análisis el estado de Sao Paulo ya que éste fue el que, en el conjunto brasileño, el que recibió un mayor porcentaje de inmigrantes españoles: un 70% de los inmigrantes españoles llegados entre 1820 y 1929 se concentraron en Sao Paulo.
La Historia Natural en la «Historia del Nuevo Mundo» del P. Cobo
Authors: Del Olmo Pintado Margarita
Published: November 2020

A partir de una breve contextualización de la vida del P. Cobo y de su «Historia del Nuevo Mundo», se pretende llevar a cabo un análisis del contenido, estructura y significado de la obra, haciendo referencia a la «Historia Natural y Moral» del P. Acosta como si se tratara de un modelo de este tipo de crónicas, cuyo objetivo era descubrir la realidad nueva y distinta de América, que supuso un verdadero reto para el conocimiento de la época, y que se tradujo en una reformulación, más o menos implícita, de la teoría de la cultura.
Tres bibliotecas jesuitas en pueblos de misión: Buenavista, Paila y Santa Rosa, en la región de Moxos
Authors: Romero Romero Catalina
Published: November 2020

Se analizan los casi 300 títulos que poseían las bibliotecas de estos tres pequeños pueblos de misiones de Moxos, en el Alto Perú y en plena frontera con el mundo portugués para mostrar la importancia tanto cultural como político­religiosa de la Cía. de Jesús en áreas marginales del Imperio Español en América.
Las causas de la emancipación hispanoamericana
Authors: Ezquerra Abadía Ramón
Published: November 2020

Síntesis de los factores que impulsaron las guerras de independencia americanas. Se hace un recorrido rápido por los condicionantes políticos, sociales, culturales, ideológicos y económicos que incidieron en las realidades metropolitana y colonial, y que desembocaron en la lucha independentista.
Rafael María de Labra y Cadrana (1841-1919): una biografía política
Authors: Hernández Sandoica Elena
Published: November 2020

En la llamada "vocación americana" de Rafael María de Labra confluyeron distintos factores, corrientes ideológicas, posiciones políticas, intereses públicos y privados. La obra y la vida de este personaje sirven como vía de penetración en la historia intelectual y política de España en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX.
Las licencias de esclavos negros a Hispanoamérica (1544-1550)
Authors: Mira Caballos Esteban
Published: November 2020

Las imprecisiones en la cuantificación de la emigración forzada de esclavos negros a América pueden, ahora, aclararse un tanto gracias a un muy completo documento del Archivo General de Simancas, que se estudia con pormenor. Para este período se precisa el paso de 12.908 negros, distribuidos entre Nueva España (2.467 «piezas»), La Española ( 1175), Tierra Firme ( 1869) y otros destinos. Asimismo se detallan los mercaderes y tratantes negreros, bien aislados o unidos en compañías: cuyos nombres junto al número de licencias, maestre del navío que los trasladó y, en muchos casos, su destino) se apuntan en Apéndice.
En torno a los orígenes sociales y las estrategias de emigración: el caso de los leoneses en la campaña sur de Buenos Aires (1900-1930)
Authors: Zeberio Blanca
Published: November 2020

Se estudian las definciones sociales y las referencias familiares de una comunidad de emigrantes españoles en los partidos del sur de Buenos Aires. Al mismo tiempo se analizan las estrategias que desarrolló este grupo de leoneses para alcanzar, a los pocos años de asentamiento, un importante éxito en agricultura. Se han buscado las razones de este éxito en la sociedad de origen: pequeños propietarios rurales castellano-leoneses, especializados en agricultura cerealista. Concluyéndose que este bagage de experiencias ayudan a explicar los logros obtenidos en el Río de la Plata.
En busca de tesoros bajo el mar: Invenciones de equipos para bucear en América
Authors: García Tapia Nicolás
Published: November 2020

Aunque la idea del hombre de sumergirse bajo el agua por tiempo ilimitado es muy antigua, la realización efectiva sólo se ha conseguido en los últimos tiempos. En el camino de la búsqueda de este sueño múltiples inventores han dejado sus esfuerzos y hasta sus vidas. Aquí se presentan aquellos que intentaron, en los siglos XVI y principios del XVII, sumergirse y buscar tesoros y perlas en los mares de los reinos hispánicos. Algunos llegaron a conseguir patentes por sus invenciones de equipos de bucear. Entre ellas están las campanas de Giuseppe Bono, de la que se presentan algunos modelos inéditos, recientemente hallados en el Archivo de Simancas. Pero el que destaca sobre todos los inventores es Jerónimo de Ayanz. el primero que llegó a conseguir el sueño del hombre de poder estar bajo el agua durante un tiempo ilimitado.
Churches, City and National Identity in Mid-19th Century Edinburgh
Authors: Desmarest Clarisse Godard
Published: November 2020

This paper reflects on the importance of Edinburgh’s Lawnmarket and Castlehill area in the context of the 1843 Disruption which saw the separation of the Free Church from the Established Church of Scotland mainly over the issue of the Church’s relationship with the State. Edinburgh’s Holy Corner, as it is colloquially known, refers to the Bruntsfield and Morningside junction with four churches; but this paper argues that by the mid-19th century the Lawnmarket area was an even ‘holier’ corner. Within a discrete area west of St Giles — Edinburgh’s Cathedral — and almost touching one another were built the Church of Scotland’s headquarters at Victoria Hall (or Old Tolbooth Church; today, ‘The Hub’), and for the Free Church, its headquarters at New College. These two buildings alone (other churches were constructed in closest proximity) show that for both organisations, Edinburgh in its old role as the national capital was deemed vital. This national importance was here emphasised (or resurrected) and intentionally exploited by each organisation for the purpose of demonstrating its own historical legitimacy and validity, each regarding itself as the national Church continuing. That it was not simply Edinburgh, but the Old Town, which was chosen, emphasised yet further the heritage, continuity and historic validity claimed by the two ‘ancient’ Churches; the Tron Church was a lesser ornament, as the fire of 1824 had diminished its prestige of antiquity. A major — if perhaps inadvertent — consequence was that the Old Town’s renewal was now securely in hand thanks to these competing churches; and all following the effective reincarnation in dressed ashlar of St Giles in the 1830s by William Burn. Both organisations being based in Edinburgh made the city not simply the two Churches’ national headquarters, but also, given the impact of missionary work and Empire, the international hub to which every congregation looked to for leadership and support. By focusing on a small area at the very heart of the Old Town of Edinburgh, this paper brings together a key moment of ecclesiastical history, whose significance goes well beyond Edinburgh itself, with important developments in urban design and architectural history.
Graphic Interlude
Authors: Homer Winslow , Andrews Ambrose , Rivière Briton , Lockhart Sharon , Anonymous  , Gheeraerts I Marcus , Hamilton Gawen , Millais Sir John Everett , Rowlandson Thomas , Wolcott Marion Post , Rogers John , Florence Mary Sargant , Anshutz Thomas , Reynolds-Stephens Sir William , Cruikshank George
Published: November 2020

This graphic interlude features a selection of pictures which can illustrate the topic of this issue: “Are you Game?”.
Athletic Trainers' Job Tasks and Status During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Winkelmann Zachary K. , Games Kenneth E.
Published: November 2020

Context

In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, also known as the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), became a global public health crisis. Government officials in the United States subsequently responded by issuing lockdown orders that closed schools, terminated sports, and resulted in many people transitioning to working from home, immediately affecting the ability of athletic trainers (ATs) to practice clinically.

Objective

To describe the job status, job duties, telemedicine use, and resiliency of ATs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Mixed-methods survey.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 611 ATs (age = 32 ± 13 years).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The survey consisted of 6 demographic questions, a job status assessment (3 questions, 1 open-ended prompt), a telemedicine use assessment (5 questions, 2 open-ended prompts), and the 6-item Brief Resilience Scale. Qualitative analyses were completed using Text iQ technology and descriptive statistics, and cross-tabulations were conducted using follow-up χ2 comparisons of resiliency with job setting and telemedicine use.

Results

Most ATs continued to work in some capacity throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and expressed optimism about the likelihood that their job status and setting would return. However, participants shared financial and mental health concerns because of reduced pay, stress, and uncertainty about the future. We also identified versatility within the profession, as ATs were serving in new roles related to COVID-19 or adopting telemedicine (n = 251, 41.1%). Athletic trainers were implementing all domains of clinical practice using telemedicine, yet most did not consult legal counsel on or have formal training in the delivery method before implementation. Finally, most ATs exhibited normal resilience that was not affected by job setting (χ2 = 26.901, P = .68) or the use of virtual health care (χ2 = 2.597, P = .27).

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected ATs' jobs, and in many cases, the ATs have demonstrated adaptability and value in assuming various roles in the larger health care system.
REGENERACIÓN in vitro DE PLANTAS DE Tillandsia viridiflora (Beer) Baker POR ORGANOGÉNESIS DIRECTA
Authors: Márquez Martínez Jonathan , López Peralta María Cristina Guadalupe , Hernández Meneses Eleodoro , Cruz Huerta Nicacio
Published: November 2020

Tillandsia viridiflora (Beer) Baker es una bromelia epífita endémica de México y la destrucción de su hábitat y comercio ilegal han propiciado su inserción como especie amenazada en la NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010. Para su aprovechamiento comercial como planta ornamental se requiere un sistema de propagación masiva. Las técnicas de cultivo de tejidos vegetales in vitro son una opción para producir gran cantidad de plantas. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron determinar las condiciones óptimas para regenerar plantas in vitro por organogénesis directa y aclimatarlas. La organogénesis se evaluó en medio Murashige-Skoog (MS) con 6-bencilaminopurina (BAP, 0.0 y 8.8 µM) y ácido naftalenacético (ANA, 0.0 y 2.1 µM) a partir de plántulas in vitro germinadas en medio MS con 50% de la concentración de sales. Grupos de brotes se colocaron en medio MS con ácido giberélico (AG3, 0 y 5.77 µM) para promover el alargamiento. El enraizamiento de brotes se evaluó en medio MS con 50% de la concentración de sales adicionado con ANA (0.00 y 2.15 µM) y ácido indol-3-butírico (AIB) (0.00 y 2.15 µM). En la aclimatación se evaluaron dos alturas de planta y dos tipos de sustrato: turba+perlita (1:1) y corteza de pino (Pinus). El estudio se estableció en un diseño completamente al azar y los datos obtenidos se analizaron con ANDEVA; para la comparación de medias se usó la prueba de Tukey. La germinación fue 82% a las cinco semanas. En la organogénesis se indujeron 10.4 brotes por explante con 6.65 µM de BAP y 0.5 µM de ANA y en la multiplicación se obtuvieron 13 brotes con 4.4 µM de BAP y 0.5 µM de ANA, ambos casos en 12 semanas. El alargamiento mayor (1.5 cm) de los brotes se indujo con 5.7 µM de ácido giberélico. El mayor número de raíces (2.4 raíces por planta) se indujo con 1.0 µM de ANA. En la aclimatación la supervivencia fue 100% con plantas de 4.5 y 6.5 cm plantadas en turba+perlita y corteza de pino.
CALIDAD POSCOSECHA DE 40 POBLACIONES DE TOMATE (Solanum lycopersicum L.) NATIVAS DE MÉXICO
Authors: Magallanes-López Ana María , Martínez-Damián María Teresa , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime , Pérez-Flores Laura Josefina , Marín-Montes Iván Maryn , Rodríguez-Pérez Juan Enrique
Published: November 2020

En la mejora de la calidad física, química y nutricional del fruto de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.), con frecuencia se recurre a acervos silvestres con el fin de aprovechar su variación genética, lo cual genera la necesidad de identificar sus cualidades. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue caracterizar la calidad poscosecha de fruto de 40 poblaciones de tomate nativo de México, mediante el estudio de parámetros de calidad física, química y hedónica, para generar información que oriente su conservación y uso dentro del mejoramiento genético. Las accesiones se establecieron en condiciones de invernadero, en sistema hidropónico abierto con sustrato de arena volcánica, bajo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar, con cinco repeticiones. La calidad de fruto se evaluó mediante características físicas (peso, índice de redondez, porcentaje de pulpa y firmeza), químicas (contenido de sólidos solubles, ácidos orgánicos y vitamina C) y hedónicas (color, forma, aroma, sabor y jugosidad). Mediante un análisis multivariado de agrupamiento se detectaron cuatro grupos de accesiones; un análisis discriminante corroboró la pertinencia de dichos conjuntos y mostró que las agrupaciones se basaron principalmente en caracteres relativos a la calidad física y hedónica. Análisis de varianza y comparaciones de medias indicaron diferencias estadísticas entre grupos. Así, en las poblaciones se identificaron cualidades de interés con posibilidades de uso en el mejoramiento genético de la calidad poscosecha. La conservación eficiente, que mantenga la variación genética de las recolecciones evaluadas, puede lograrse con el resguardo de 62.5% de ellas.
AN ASSESSMENT OF SECRETARIAL STAFF’S PRODUCTIVITY WITH MODERN OFFICE TECHNOLOGY IN OSUN STATE PUBLIC TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS
Authors:   Department of Business Education, School of Vocational and Technical Education, ADENIKE TEMITAYO BANKOLE,
Published: November 2020

This study assesses secretarial staff’s productivity with their use of modern office technology in six (6) selected public tertiary institutions in Osun State. Data were collected from 871 secretaries from the selected public institutions for the study. The data were analyzed and results are presented in frequency distribution tables, percentages, and further interpreted using descriptive statistics where Mean value was used to indicate high and low variables. The result reveals that computer technology gadget is not available for the effective discharge of secretarial duties. The result further indicated that office secretaries are not proficient in the utilization of modern office technology; however, they are proficient in carrying out their secretarial duties with modern office technology. It was finally concluded that secretaries are meeting expected demand for the productivity of their respective institutions in Public tertiary institutions in Osun State. This study recommends that appropriate modern office equipment should be provided to effectively aid secretarial work, while in-service training is organized for the employed secretaries on the effective use of the available modern office equipment.
Indigenous Peoples, Poverty and the Role of Social Workers
Authors: Suradi Suradi , Nulhaqim Soni Akmad , Mulyana Nandang , Suharto Edi
Published: November 2020

Indigenous peoples were placed as second-class citizens, that have fallen behind in all aspects of life than any other citizen. In fact, indigenous people in any country has gained international legal protection through 'the United Nations Declaration the Right of Indigenous People' since 2007. In the entity, within the indigenous peoples, including women and children. The form of response to the declaration, each country develop policies in the form of regulation and followed by action programs targeting indigenous peoples. It has been over 10 years of the declaration proclaimed, but the indigenous peoples still face a lot of problems in the social, cultural, economic, political, legal, land and natural resources; not even the women and their children. This situation requires the presence of a social work profession, in which the role of professional help to acquire rights, improve the quality of life and well-being of indigenous peoples.

Keywords: indigenous peoples, poverty, social worker.
Demands and Factors Associated to Psychosocial Support of Cancer Patients at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital
Authors: Pham Nam Tien , Hoang Le Tu , Oanh Nguyen Kim , Liem Nguyen Khac , Van Minh Hoang
Published: November 2020

Cancer patients in Vietnam are increasing exponentially in numbers, with great demands for psychosocial support. This study explored the demands for the psychosocial support of cancer patients at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital and several associated factors. This is a cross-sectional survey, qualitative and quantitative study, and conducted from April to September 2017. This study utilized the structured questionnaire of 418 cancer patients, 8 in-depth interviews and 3 focus group discussions. Results of the study showed that cancer patients have different demands for 6 types of psychosocial support services, specifically: visiting about health and family difficulties (86.1%), providing information on supporting networks for cancer patients (75.7%), psychological counseling and consultation (68.4%), psychotherapy (49.9%), Consultation on self-care for appearance (39.1%), and Consultation on social communication (38.6%). Factors associated to cancer patients’ demands for psychosocial support at Vietnam National Cancer Hospital are gender, the number of treatments, and psychological states. In addition, to improve the quality of life for cancer patients, Vietnam National Cancer Hospital should promote psychosocial support activities for cancer patients, based on associated factors.
THE EFFECTS OF MUSIC INTERVENTION ON WOMEN’S ANXIETY BEFORE AND AFTER CESAREAN DELIVERY: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Denney Jeff M , Blackburn Karen L. , Bleach Courtney C. , Martinez Anibal R. , Bromley Philips Jennifer , Lanier Kristi , Dean Laura , Mertz Heather
Published: November 2020

ABSTRACT:Objective: To assess effect of perioperative music intervention on maternal anxiety levels, physiologic metrics, and medication use for anxiety, nausea and pain during and after scheduled cesarean section. Methods:  Women assigned to music intervention group were compared against controls.  Physiologic metrics, medication requirements, and STAI scores were assessed for all participants. Results:  50 women were enrolled, assigned to either music intervention (n=25) or control (n=25) and analyzed. Physiologic metrics were similar between groups.  Antiemetic, anxiolytic, and analgesic medication use intraoperatively and postoperatively were not significantly different. State and Trait scores by the STAI did not vary significantly by intervention (p=0.09).  STAI scores before and after procedure demonstrated the least change for the intervention group (r=0.6) when compared to controls (r=0.2; p<0.05).Conclusion: Contrary to studies with formal music therapy, our data do not support use of patient-selected music as an intervention to reduce maternal anxiety or need for analgesics, anxiolytics, or antiemetics with scheduled cesarean section.
Medicine's Melodies: Music, Health and Well-Being
Authors: Levitin Daniel Joseph
Published: November 2020

Most of what we hear about the connection between music and health is largely anecdotal. The past decade has seen a renewed interest in the connections from researchers conducting rigorous experimental studies. In this broad overview, I will review the current state of knowledge, touching on music therapy for both physical and psychological health, music for the management of pain, and musical interventions for dementia patients.
The Future of Hospital Sound: Transforming Healthcare Through Sound Experience
Authors: Sen Yoko Kamitani , Sen Avery
Published: November 2020

Several years ago, a classically trained electronic musician got sick and spent many hours in hospitals. Being a musician, sensitive to sound, she was disturbed by the noise around her: people talking and screaming, doors getting slammed, phones and pagers ringing non-stop, overhead speakers announcing emergencies… and the cacophony of alarms beeping in the dissonance of tritones. Since then, she and her husband (co-author and innovation policy researcher) have embarked on a mission to transform sound experience in hospitals, in collaboration with Johns Hopkins Sibley Memorial Hospital, Stanford Medicine X, TEDMED, and medical device companies. When we listen to people talking about sound, their stories are always more than about sound; they reveal what it means to be a human during the most vulnerable times of their lives. In this article, we explore noise as a symptom of culture, how sound reveals the importance of caring for caregivers, the future of auditory alarm design, and the aesthetic realm in palliative care. These perspectives result from a human-centric (rather than technology-centric) approach to innovation, and how transforming the sound of healthcare means focusing on people and their experiences.
Retraining of drug reward, music cues and state-dependent recall in music therapy
Authors: Fachner Jörg
Published: November 2020

Brain research revealed that pleasant music appreciation is processed in same brain reward areas as euphoriant drugs. This indicates a similarity in processing intensity of emotions in the brain. These insights shed a new light on how music and emotion are linked in the brain. However, patients, with a history of drug-induced euphoria, may experience a state-dependent recall induced from certain individually perceived cues, which have been experienced together with drugs, as memory traces are stored as conditioned secondary rewards in drug memory. Music’s state-dependent cognition processes seem to be recalled (and thereby also the drug action) when listening to music without being under the influence. These learning processes have to be focused and transformed in therapy by offering new ways of learning to recognize, retrain and integrate state-specific emotional responses to preferred music to rebalance emotion and experiencing reward.
The Potential of Rhythmic Sensory Stimulation Treatments for Persons with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Clements-Cortes Amy , Bartel Lee , Ahonen Heidi , Freedman Morris
Published: November 2020

Background: Rhythmic Sensory Stimulation (RSS) is a treatment being implemented for persons diagnosed with a variety of disorders such as fibromyalgia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This paper provides qualitative results of observations and interactions of AD study participants who received both RSS and visual stimulation sessions for six weeks. A case vignette is also provided. Objective: The study proposed that RSS could stimulate the auditory and somatosensory system at 40Hz with the potential for improvements in cognition for persons with AD. Method: 18 participants at three stages of AD participated: mild, moderate and severe. Participants received a total of 13 sessions in this AB cross-over design study. Results: Qualitative findings from the study support RSS as a potential treatment for persons with AD to increased alertness, stimulate discussion, and increase interaction and awareness of surroundings. Conclusion: Further research needs to explore the effect of the frequency of sessions provided, the duration of effects, and whether AD severity interacts with the RSS treatment. Further investigations could also study the effect of auditory 40Hz stimulation alone, as well as the inclusion of music listening during the RSS sessions.
The Effects of Short-Term Vibroacoustic Treatment on Spasticity and Perceived Health Conditions of Patients with Spinal Cord and Brain Injuries
Authors: Rüütel Eha , Vinkel Ivar , Eelmäe Priit
Published: November 2020

Vibroacoustic (VA) treatment was applied to patients with chronic spinal cord and brain injuries during rehabilitation. The study aimed to ascertain the suitability of short-term VA treatment for supporting a decrease in spasticity and pain and an improvement in health condition in the rehabilitation programme for patients with spinal cord and brain injuries. Hypotheses: 1) indicators of self-perceived spasticity and pain measured after VA treatment are lower than measurement results before treatment; 2) VA treatment can be used in rehabilitation programmes to support the improvement of self-perceived health condition. 53 patients aged 20-72 participated in the study. VA treatment of 40 Hz was conducted once a day for 23 minutes over four or five days. Self-report numerical rating scales were used to measure patients’ condition before and after VA treatment sessions. Research findings revealed significant change in the levels of spasticity, pain, physical discomfort, general health condition, fatigue and anxiety after VA treatment sessions compared to the measurements before the sessions. Reduction in spasticity and physical discomfort was not statistically significantly different after four- or five-day treatment, a decrease in pain and an improvement in perceived health condition were significantly higher after five days than after four days treatment.
Can Rhythmic Sensory Stimulation Decrease Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease?: A Clinical Case Study
Authors: Clements-Cortes Amy , Bartel Lee , Ahonen Heidi , Freedman Morris , Evans Michael , Tang-Wai David
Published: November 2020

Background/Objectives: To present Rhythmic Sensory Stimulation (RSS) as a potential new treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).Design: Longitudinal case study over a three year period.Setting: RSS was provided both in a long-term care/research facility and in-home.Participant:  One 92 year old female with AD.Intervention: Treatments consisted of RSS resulting in gamma frequency entrainment, provided by two different treatment devices over three years.Measurements: Quantitative and qualitative measures were used including: MMSE, SLUMS, interviews, observation notes and a participant question sheet.Results: MMSE scores since diagnosis three years earlier, as well as cognition, clarity, and awareness were reported by the case’s husband to have remained unchanged.Conclusion: Although further research is warranted, this case suggests that RSS has potential to help maintain cognition in AD.
Elements of Pedagigical Archetype on Old Turkic Monuments
Authors:   Senior lecturer, Ahmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan, Kazakhstan (e-mail: askat.sadibekov@ayu.edu.kz ), Sadibekov A. K.
Published: November 2020

Going through various stages of evolution humanity continuously aims to bring up the following generation rich in human qualities. To achieve these noble initiatives, various progressive models of bringing up have been developed from many centuries to the present day. Ancient Turkic monuments inscriptions, the most precious treasures of Turkic world pedagogics play great role in the education of specialists and children upbringing. When specializing future primary school teachers, philologists, and history specialists in higher education, it is necessary to include these great values in the curriculum. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the historical chronicle of ancient Turkic inscriptions on the monuments of Kultegin, bilge Kagan, Tonykok, which are considered the most valuable. The study of the heritage of Orkhon, Yenisei, and Talas monuments as ethnopedagogical values is of great importance in higher education. After all, starting from the kindergarten and school desks, it is obliged to lead the younger generation to the high culture and civilization of the ancient Turkic people. Thus, it would be possible to implement the ideas in the program article by N. Nazarbayev 'The course towards future: spiritual modernization'.
The Study of Land Use and Land Cover Pattern Using RS and GIS: A Case Study On Tumakuru Taluk
Authors: Shivakumar R. , Jagadeesha D. S. , Manjuprasad T. V. , Thejesh T. N. , Santhosha T. , Chaithra E. , Supriya T. J. , Fathima Syeda Nikhat
Published: November 2020

The Ground water is a most valued universal wealth supporting the human well-being, along with ecosystem. It has become a significant and reliable cause of water supplies in both urban and rural areas under varying climatic conditions across the countries (Todd and Mays, 2005), due to its intrinsic qualities. Out of 37 M km3 of freshwater anticipated to be available on the earth, the ground water is about 22%, which represents around 97% of freshwater that is accessible for domestic use (Foster, 1998). In India, over 91% and 30% of population of rural, and urban respectively, depending on the ground water for the drinking and domestic purpose (1996, Reddy). The ground water is becoming critical economic tool in progressing Nations & can supply to the poor people at lower rates more efficiently (IWMI, 2001).
Reproductive Health Morbidities Among the Adolescent Rural Married Girls
Authors: Shampa R M , Khan Md. S H , Nazneen Q N , Rubyat A , Mazid A
Published: November 2020

A crass sectional study was done on 120 adolescent married girls of Chars,'!lumina village of Sirajganj district with she objective to identify the portent of reproductive health problems among the adolescent married nay! girls. The respondents were selected from 250 households having adolescents marred girls by simple random sampling. There was purposive selection of sample sh.r. A structured pretested interview schedule was used as a data collection instrument. The study revealed that majority (57.5%) of the respondents were between 10 and 14 years of age. A good percentage (80%) of the married girls had their menarche by the age between 10 and 12 years with mean of 11.3 years. Nearly 53% were married ea the age between 10 and 13 and the mean age at marriage was 13 years. Majority (78%) of the rural girls had their first pregnancy at age 15-19 years with a mean age of 15.9 years. Aboul reproductive health problems among the study population, nearly 16% of them reported about vaginal discharge. another 16% were found to suffer front varying degrees of menstrual disturbances. 8% had genital prolapse. nearly 4% had vesicovaginal fistula and about 8% had perinea! rear. Nearly 16% had infertility and only 8% reported about no reproductive problems. All of the respondents who had pregnancy and child birth suffered from more or less pregnancy and child birth related complications. Majority (20%) of them had given the history of abortion and another 20% reported abota hemorrhage after their past delivery. Nearly 8% of them told about prolong labour pain and about 16% had perinea! tear during their last child birth.
Study of Breast Lump by FNAC and Distribution of Disease Pattern: A Study of 275 Cases in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
Authors: Farooque A H M O , Rahman A J E N , Akhter S , Begum S
Published: November 2020

A prospective study of breast lump by FNAC was carried out in Bangabandlut Sheikh Mr Medical University, Dhaka during the period of 15 October 2002 to 17 July 2003 W evaluate the ',mum of disease pattern. A total of 275 patients with breast lump uuderwent fine needle aspirftion cytology (FNAC) examinatiae. Out of 275 lumps examined. 145 (52.5%) wem in the if breast, of which 74 (2690%) were located in the upper outer quadrant. The cytological diagnoses were benign in 213 (77.45%) cases, malign., in 32 (//.63%) cases, suspicions in 2 (072%) cases and unsatisfOctoly in 28 (10.18%) cases. Of the benign disease. the most common lesions were.fibroadenoma 102 (47.5%)followed by fibrocystic change 64 (30.04%1 Of the malignant cases. most common breast carcinoma was duct cell carcinoma 30 (93.75%1 The incidence of built benign and malignant diseases were more in left breast and.frequent in tipper and outer quadrant.
Sympathetic Nerve Function Status in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Relationship with Glycaemic Status and Duration
Authors: Alam Md. K , Begum N , Molla M. H. , Begum S
Published: November 2020

The study was designed to observe the sympathetic nerve fiarction status in recently diagno.ved and long duration (10-20 years) type 2 diabetic subjects in order to assess whether the duration of diabetes has any influence on the sympathetic nerve firoudion. The present SlUdy was carried on also to obtain a base line dam in the form of a set of normal reference willies of cardiovascular reflex rest parameters in a selected group of adult Bangladeshi population. For this purpose 47 type 2 diabetic subjects were included in ors groups, group A consisted 1,1. 25 recently diagnosed diabetic subjects and group B consisted of 22 subjects having duration of diabetes for 10.20 years. Bventy five age and BAB nratched healthy subjects were included in group C (non-diabetic) for control and also to observe the baseline data. Sympathetic nerve fraction was a.vseused by two simple nominversive cardiovascular reflex teals. Tests item .orstained handgrip tests and blood pressure response to standing. The normal or reference values obtained from the norm-diabetic subjects of the present study were compared to those in) published reference values of different poptelatiorr around the world and no apparent differences trvre observed. Glycaemic vanes of the diabetic subjects were more or less controlled. Cardiovascular reflex test for sympathetic function were finind no be significantly a:throat in long duralion diabetic group in comparison to control group and recently diagnosed diabetic group. Front this study it is concluded 'hat sprthathetic nerve finwrion seems to be affecied at rho sane glyciremic status in longer duration of diabetes.
Intimal Thickness of the Abdominal Aorta: A Postmortem Study
Authors: Naher S , Nawsaba H , Ara S , Islam Md. N , Khairuzzaman AKM , Khan N A
Published: November 2020

A study was done to find oat the intim, thickness of abdominal aorta of Bangladeshi males of different ages. The subjects were divided into lower (8-29 years). middle (30-40 years). higher (42-92 nears) age groups. Six good Mallory-Awn stained histological slides. section front lower most 2 cm portion of the abdominal norm along the margin fits bifurcation of three age groups were prepared for this study. After standardizing the ocular micromerer with rite stage micrometer for the particular objective and eyepiece, each study slide was placed in rite place of stage micrometer and intimal thickness was measured in ocular micrometer division. Unpaired student 9' test Jiff statistical analysis revealed that the mean !tinnier thickness varied significantly (P<0.05) in the middle and the higher age groups comparison to that in the lower age group.
Economía turística: Competitividad de servicios hoteleros de Tuxpan, Veracruz
Authors: Elorza Martínez Oralia , Flores Barrios Leonardo , Gómez Priego Ilean A.
Published: November 2020

El puerto de Tuxpan ha tomado auge en los últimos años como destino turístico, el sector hotelero es uno de los principales actores en el escenario turístico por lo que fue el centro de esta investigación. La información fue recabada de medios formales y encuestas realizadas a los prestadores de hoteles que se clasifican con dos y tres estrellas. Los resultados de esta investigación mostraron que los hoteleros encuestados no le otorgan la importancia debida a la competencia, por lo tanto, analizando los resultados obtenidos, se concluye que se hace necesario implementar estrategias para que exista competitividad entre ellos.