bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Surrogate Modeling of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems: A Comparative Study
Authors: Zhao Ying , Jiang Chen , Vega Manuel A. , Todd Michael D. , Hu Zhen
Published: March 2022

Surrogate models play a vital role in overcoming the computational challenge in designing and analyzing nonlinear dynamic systems, especially in the presence of uncertainty. This paper presents a comparative study of different surrogate modeling techniques for nonlinear dynamic systems. Four surrogate modeling methods, namely, Gaussian process (GP) regression, a long short-term memory (LSTM) network, a convolutional neural network (CNN) with LSTM (CNN-LSTM), and a CNN with bidirectional LSTM (CNN-BLSTM), are studied and compared. All these model types can predict the future behavior of dynamic systems over long periods based on training data from relatively short periods. The multi-dimensional inputs of surrogate models are organized in a nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model (NARX) scheme to enable recursive prediction over long periods, where current predictions replace inputs from the previous time window. Three numerical examples, including one mathematical example and two nonlinear engineering analysis models, are used to compare the performance of the four surrogate modeling techniques. The results show that the GP-NARX surrogate model tends to have more stable performance than the other three deep learning (DL)-based methods for the three particular examples studied. The tuning effort of GP-NARX is also much lower than its deep learning-based counterparts.
Oscillations of Air Cavity Under Hull of Accelerating Boat
Authors: Matveev Konstantin I.
Published: March 2022

Substantial reduction of ship drag is achievable with air cavities arranged on the hull bottom. However, the air cavities can become unstable, particularly in unsteady environments such as sea waves. Oscillations of cavities can reach high amplitudes, especially near-resonance conditions, and this may lead to the cavity collapse and degradation of drag reduction. In the present study, a lumped-element model is applied for the analysis of dynamics of the air cavity under a boat hull moving in the presence of sea waves. When the hull accelerates from a low initial speed to a high operational speed, the forcing frequency can pass through the cavity resonance condition. Numerical modeling demonstrates that cavities on slowly accelerating hulls may exhibit dangerously high amplitudes. On the other hand, when the hull acceleration is sufficiently fast, then a cavity will not have enough time to develop large-amplitude oscillations. It is found that higher damping and faster acceleration can limit magnitudes of the cavity oscillations, preventing the air cavity from disintegration and enabling the hull to attain high speeds by keeping the drag-reducing air cavity intact.
Production Performance of Multiple-Fractured Horizontal Well Based on Potential Theory
Authors: Wu Zhengbin , Jiang Shu , Xie Congjiao , Chen Kai , Zhang Zeyu
Published: March 2022

These days, hydraulic fracturing is widely applied in the gas reservoir development with low permeability, which can improve the production of the well and enhance the recovery. This paper discussed the productivity characteristics of multiple-fractured horizontal wells (MFHWs) with three to five fractures by the use of the basic theory of potential. First, the seepage model of fractured horizontal wells with infinite inflow fractures and the stable and unstable seepage models within the fractures are analyzed. Second, the distribution of potential and pressure was quantitatively simulated for a given gas reservoir (mainly 3–5 fractures), and the potential and pressure at any point were derived. Finally, the fracture parameters of the MFHWs were optimized in terms of two evaluation indexes, the average fracture production and the single well production by the use of an orthogonal test. The optimized fracture spacing is 100–150 m, and the longer the fracture width and fracture length, the better production performance. The research results have theoretical significance and provide reference for the selection of fracture parameters for horizontal wells in low-permeability gas reservoirs and the productivity evaluation of MFHWs.
Role of emergency chest ultrasound in traumatic pneumothorax. An updated meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Haiyan , Zhang Ton , Zhou Yu , Rastogi Sanjay , Choudhury Rupshikha , Iqbal Jawed
Published: March 2022

Aim: To assess chest ultrasound (US) diagnostic accuracy in pneumothorax diagnosing. Material and methods: Prospec-tive studies related to the US pneumothorax diagnostic accuracy in trauma patients were extensively searched from 2000 up to November 2020. The studies features and findings were gathered using a standardised form and the methodological quality of the investigations was evaluated using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2).Results:Twelve articles were finally chosen for quantitative analysis. The overall sensitivity of US scan in pneumothorax diagnosis was 89% (95%CI 86-91%). Specificity was 96% (95%CI 95-97%). The diagnostic odds ratio was 193.94 (59.009-637.40) at 95%CI, thus demonstrating high chest US accuracy in pneumothorax diagnosis.Conclusion: Despite the limitations of the included studies, this systematic review and meta-analysis concluded that chest US is a reliable method for diagnosing pneu-mothorax in traumatized patients.
Early stage nucleation mechanism for SiC(0001) surface epitaxial growth
Authors: Ai Wensen , Chen Xuejiang , Feng Jianmei
Published: March 2022

Due to the complexity of the binary component system and the difficulty of tracing individual particles in experiments, it is highly desirable to develop simulation tools and models to further reveal the microscopic nucleation behavior of Si and C atoms. In this article, self-consistent rate equations (SCRE) theory combined with the Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) model are used to study the nucleation mechanism in the early stage of SiC(0001) surface epitaxial growth under a constant deposition flux. A set of rate equations describing the time evolution of the density of monomers, dimers, and islands are established. By introducing the effective absorption length, the rate equations can be solved self-consistently. In the KMC model, a set of crystal lattices of SiC, including the coordinates of individual Si and C particles and the bond indication, are established. In this model, deposition, adatom diffusion, attachment to and detachment from the clusters of Si or C, and their diffusion along the edge of clusters are considered, and the Hoshen–Kopelman algorithm is implemented to identify and label the clusters. The results show that the time evolution of the density of monomers, dimers, and islands and their dependences on the deposition flux, which are obtained from the SCRE theory, are consistent with the results of the KMC model. The nucleation rate of the dimer increases with the increase in the deposition flux until the number of islands becomes saturated, which leads to a higher density of stable clusters at higher flux. Two regimes governing the absorption length of the monomer are presented. First, before the appearance of the nucleus, the absorption length of the monomer is mainly dominated by monomer density and the diffusion coefficient of adatom. Second, with the growth process, the total capture rate of stable islands gradually plays a dominant role, which is responsible for the further reduction in absorption length and the equal absorption length of Si and C.
Vocal and semantic cues for the segregation of long concurrent speech stimuli in diotic and dichotic listening—The Long-SWoRD test
Authors: Huet Moïra-Phoebé , Micheyl Christophe , Gaudrain Etienne , Parizet Etienne
Published: March 2022

It is not always easy to follow a conversation in a noisy environment. To distinguish between two speakers, a listener must mobilize many perceptual and cognitive processes to maintain attention on a target voice and avoid shifting attention to the background noise. The development of an intelligibility task with long stimuli—the Long-SWoRD test—is introduced. This protocol allows participants to fully benefit from the cognitive resources, such as semantic knowledge, to separate two talkers in a realistic listening environment. Moreover, this task also provides the experimenters with a means to infer fluctuations in auditory selective attention. Two experiments document the performance of normal-hearing listeners in situations where the perceptual separability of the competing voices ranges from easy to hard using a combination of voice and binaural cues. The results show a strong effect of voice differences when the voices are presented diotically. In addition, analyzing the influence of the semantic context on the pattern of responses indicates that the semantic information induces a response bias in situations where the competing voices are distinguishable and indistinguishable from one another.
Tailoring sub-3.3 Å ultramicropores in advanced carbon molecular sieve membranes for blue hydrogen production
Authors: Hu Leiqing , Bui Vinh T. , Krishnamurthy Ajay , Fan Shouhong , Guo Wenji , Pal Sankhajit , Chen Xiaoyi , Zhang Gengyi , Ding Yifu , Singh Rajinder P. , Lupion Monica , Lin Haiqing
Published: March 2022

Carbon molecular sieve (CMS) membranes prepared by carbonization of polymers containing strongly size-sieving ultramicropores are attractive for high-temperature gas separations. However, polymers need to be carbonized at extremely high temperatures (900° to 1200°C) to achieve sub-3.3 Å ultramicroporous channels for H
2
/CO
2
separation, which makes them brittle and impractical for industrial applications. Here, we demonstrate that polymers can be first doped with thermolabile cross-linkers before low-temperature carbonization to retain the polymer processability and achieve superior H
2
/CO
2
separation properties. Specifically, polybenzimidazole (PBI) is cross-linked with pyrophosphoric acid (PPA) via H bonding and proton transfer before carbonization at ≤600°C. The synergistic PPA doping and subsequent carbonization of PBI increase H
2
permeability from 27 to 140 Barrer and H
2
/CO
2
selectivity from 15 to 58 at 150°C, superior to state-of-the-art polymeric materials and surpassing Robeson’s upper bound. This study provides a facile and effective way to tailor subnanopore size and porosity in CMS membranes with desirable molecular sieving ability.
The digital repression of social movements, protest, and activism: A synthetic review
Authors: Earl Jennifer , Maher Thomas V. , Pan Jennifer
Published: March 2022

Repression research examines the causes and consequences of actions or policies that are meant to, or actually do, raise the costs of activism, protest, and/or social movement activity. The rise of digital and social media has brought substantial increases in attention to the repression of digital activists and movements and/or to the use of digital tools in repression, which is spread across many disciplines and areas of study. We organize and review this growing welter of research under the concept of digital repression by expanding a typology that distinguishes actions based on actor type, whether actions are overt or covert, and whether behaviors are shaped by coercion or channeling. This delineation between broadly different forms of digital repression allows researchers to develop expectations about digital repression, better understand what is “new” about digital repression in terms of explanatory factors, and better understand the consequences of digital repression.
The stereotype that girls lack talent: A worldwide investigation
Authors: Napp Clotilde , Breda Thomas
Published: March 2022

Recent research has shown that there exist gender stereotypes that portray men as more brilliant or inherently talented than women. We provide a large-scale multinational investigation of these stereotypes and their relationship with other gender gaps. Using a survey question asked to more than 500,000 students in 72 countries, we build a measure of the stereotypes associating talent with men and show that they are present in almost all studied countries. These stereotypes are stronger among high-achieving students and in more developed or more gender-egalitarian countries. Similar patterns are observed for gender gaps in competitiveness, self-confidence, and willingness to work in an ICT (Information and Communication Technology)–related occupation. Statistical analysis suggests that these three latter gender gaps could be related to stereotypes associating talent with men. We conclude that these stereotypes should be more systematically considered as a possible explanation for the glass ceiling.
Metal-organic framework enables ultraselective polyamide membrane for desalination and water reuse
Authors: Wen Yue , Dai Ruobin , Li Xuesong , Zhang Xingran , Cao Xingzhong , Wu Zhichao , Lin Shihong , Tang Chuyang Y. , Wang Zhiwei
Published: March 2022

While reverse osmosis (RO) is the leading technology to address the global challenge of water scarcity through desalination and potable reuse of wastewater, current RO membranes fall short in rejecting certain harmful constituents from seawater (e.g., boron) and wastewater [e.g.,
N
-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA)]. In this study, we develop an ultraselective polyamide (PA) membrane by enhancing interfacial polymerization with amphiphilic metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoflakes. These MOF nanoflakes horizontally align at the water/hexane interface to accelerate the transport of diamine monomers across the interface and retain gas bubbles and heat of the reaction in the interfacial reaction zone. These mechanisms synergistically lead to the formation of a crumpled and ultrathin PA nanofilm with an intrinsic thickness of ~5 nm and a high cross-linking degree of ~98%. The resulting PA membrane delivers exceptional desalination performance that is beyond the existing upper bound of permselectivity and exhibited very high rejection (>90%) of boron and NDMA unmatched by state-of-the-art RO membranes.
Biomimetic multifunctional persistent luminescence nanoprobes for long-term near-infrared imaging and therapy of cerebral and cerebellar gliomas
Authors: Kong Jianglong , Zou Rui , Law Ga-Lai , Wang Yi
Published: March 2022

Glioma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor, and the accurate diagnosis of glioma has always been a challenge. Moreover, cerebellar glioma, which is difficult to be detected by magnetic resonance imaging, is not usually diagnosed until after the appearance of clinical symptoms. In this study, TRZD, a near-infrared (NIR) persistent luminescence (PL) nanoparticle with a dual function of imaging and therapy, was synthesized based on ZnGa
2
O
4
:Cr
3+
,Sn
4+
. TRZD showed excellent rechargeable NIR PL for more than 30 hours in vivo with good tissue penetration for long-term autofluorescence-free imaging. The tumor growth of both the subcutaneous and orthotropic glioma models was significantly inhibited by TRZD. This is the first-time approach using NIR PL nanoprobes for both diagnosis and therapy of glioma. This is also the first-time report of nanotechnology-based diagnosis and therapy of cerebellar gliomas. This study offers a highly promising multifunctional nanoparticle for theranostics of a wide range of brain diseases.
Pulmonary microbiome and gene expression signatures differentiate lung function in pediatric hematopoietic cell transplant candidates
Authors: Zinter Matt S. , Versluys A. Birgitta , Lindemans Caroline A. , Mayday Madeline Y. , Reyes Gustavo , Sunshine Sara , Chan Marilynn , Fiorino Elizabeth K. , Cancio Maria , Prevaes Sabine , Sirota Marina , Matthay Michael A. , Kharbanda Sandhya , Dvorak Christopher C. , Boelens Jaap J. , DeRisi Joseph L.
Published: March 2022

Impaired baseline lung function is associated with mortality after pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), yet limited knowledge of the molecular pathways that characterize pretransplant lung function has hindered the development of lung-targeted interventions. In this study, we quantified the association between bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) metatranscriptomes and paired pulmonary function tests performed a median of 1 to 2 weeks before allogeneic HCT in 104 children in The Netherlands. Abnormal pulmonary function was recorded in more than half the cohort, consisted most commonly of restriction and impaired diffusion, and was associated with both all-cause and lung injury–related mortality after HCT. Depletion of commensal supraglottic taxa, such as
Haemophilus
, and enrichment of nasal and skin taxa, such as
Staphylococcus
, in the BAL microbiome were associated with worse measures of lung capacity and gas diffusion. In addition, BAL gene expression signatures of alveolar epithelial activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and down-regulated immunity were associated with impaired lung capacity and diffusion, suggesting a postinjury profibrotic response. Detection of microbial depletion and abnormal epithelial gene expression in BAL enhanced the prognostic utility of pre-HCT pulmonary function tests for the outcome of post-HCT mortality. These findings suggest a potentially actionable connection between microbiome depletion, alveolar injury, and pulmonary fibrosis in the pathogenesis of pre-HCT lung dysfunction.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Hyperthermophilic and Acidophilic Archaeon Saccharolobus caldissimus Strain HS-3
T
Authors: Sakai Hiroyuki D. , Kurosawa Norio
Published: March 2022

The complete genome sequence of the hyperthermophilic archaeon
Saccharolobus caldissimus
strain HS-3
T
was determined. The genome is 3,075,795 bp with a GC content of 32.9%. Genes for the complete semiphosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway, gluconeogenesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, and 3-hydroxypropionate 4-hydroxybutylate cycle were present in the genome.
Draft Genome Sequences of Mexican Babesia bovis Virulent and Attenuated Strains
Authors: Sachman-Ruiz Bernardo , Lozano Luis , Lira José J. , Martínez Grecia , Rojas Carmen , Álvarez J. Antonio , Figueroa Julio V.
Published: March 2022

Babesia bovis
, a tick-borne intraerythrocytic protozoan parasite that belongs to the phylum Apicomplexa, is one of the etiological agents of bovine babesiosis, a highly prevalent disease in tropical and subtropical countries that causes significant morbidity and deaths in cattle. This report presents the draft genome sequences of attenuated and virulent
B. bovis
strains of Mexican origin.
Comparison of the Performance of Two Galactomannan Detection Tests: Platelia Aspergillus Ag and Aspergillus Galactomannan Ag Virclia Monotest
Authors: Calero Alba Leyva , Alonso Roberto , Gadea Ignacio , Vega María Dolores Montero , García Marta Martín , Muñoz Patricia , Machado Marina , Bouza Emilio , García-Rodríguez Julio
Published: March 2022

Invasive mycoses are increasingly present in immunosuppressed or hospitalized patients with serious illnesses, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Invasive aspergillosis is an infection caused, in a percentage greater than 50%, by the genus
Aspergillus
.
Lamotrigine-associated haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) confounded with underlying rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Velu Dhivya , Kantamneni Leela , Batool Syeda Sabeeka , Hachem Ali
Published: March 2022

Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is one of the rare haematological syndromes more commonly reported in infants/children than adults. This disease is known for its aggressive dysregulated immune response affecting the host rapidly, causing multiorgan dysfunction and thus carries a high mortality. The disease still remains cryptic in this current decade despite all the developments in the ever-evolving field of haematology. Due to its rare occurrence and being more frequent in infants and the paediatric population, the literature lacks enough data to standardise therapies. Such events in adults and the elderly are invariably related to an underlying insult such as infections, other autoimmune or rheumatological diseases or drugs. We describe an interesting case of a middle-aged Caucasian woman who presented with fever, pancytopenia and hepatitis, who was eventually diagnosed with HLH just in time to receive the life-saving specific treatment as per available guidelines.
GIST presenting as refractory iron-deficiency anaemia in paediatric patient
Authors: Al Atrash Eman , Abdullah Mohammad Fahed , Pressey Joseph , Mohan Shyam
Published: March 2022

Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are very rare gastrointestinal (GI) mesenchymal tumours affecting only 0.02 children/million/year below the age of 14 years. We reported a 9-year-old girl presented to emergency department with pallor and haemoglobin of 50 g/L. Extensive workup for anaemia suggested iron-deficiency anaemia secondary to GI loss. Ultimately after blood transfusion of packed cells, she was discharged with a haemoglobin of 92 g/L with iron supplementation. Upper endoscopy showed incidental antral nodularity with biopsy proven helicobacter gastritis and an isolate 3–4 cm suspicious mass in the lesser curvature. Abdomen imaging confirmed the gastric mass in addition to two lesions, one retroperitoneal and one paraspinal. She undergone open laparotomy with complete surgical resection of the gastric and retroperitoneal masses with histological confirmation of GIST and paraganglioma. This case emphasises the importance of proper examination of the stomach at endoscopy and to illustrate that although anaemia is common in paediatric age group it may be reflect serious medical condition even in normal looking child.
Arthroscopically reduced, irreducible patella dislocation
Authors: Tanos Panayiotis , Farook Mohamed Zubair , Volpin Andrea
Published: March 2022

Acute patella dislocations account for approximately 2%–3% of knee injuries and are therefore a relatively common presentation in the accident and emergency department. The majority of patella dislocations can be reduced with simple manoeuvres or even spontaneously and can be managed conservatively by bracing and rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to identify and review the main causes of the unique and unexpected event of irreducible patella dislocation and their characteristic presentations. Irreducible patella dislocations can happen but are very rare. Currently, a limited number of case reports are available, prompting for a need for research on this topic. This case study can shed light on the possible pathogenesis and pathognomonic features of irreducible patella dislocations and provide insight on the available therapeutic approaches.
Improving the handover process in a psychiatry liaison setting
Authors: Vallabhaneni Kirtana , Hazan Jemma , Donaldson Lucinda , Johansson Fredrik
Published: March 2022

Efficient handover of patient care is integral to clinical safety. Barriers in communication can lead to adverse outcomes. The Integrated Liaison Assessment Team (ILAT) has a daily handover meeting which presents several challenges to the multidisciplinary liaison team (MDT including high patient turnover, differing staff shift-work patterns, presence of visitors/students and lack of a unified approach to structured discussion at times. Areas identified for improvement included optimising efficiency, structure and handover documentation. Lack of teaching and learning opportunities were also identified. The primary aim was to reduce handover time to 30 min. The secondary aims were to improve communication by introducing the Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation (SBAR) tool, improve team satisfaction and introduce a teaching programme in the time saved. The Model for Improvement methodology was used with MDT focus groups and questionnaires to explore change ideas. This informed our ‘Plan, Do, Study, Act’ cycles to design a structured handover. Daily measures looked at handover length and individual team member satisfaction. Weekly measures included semiqualitative questionnaires highlighting areas for improvement. Feedback was gathered from emails and MDT discussions. A structured handover format incorporating SBAR, key task allocation and a shift handover lead was introduced. A regular MDT teaching programme was initiated. Over 4 weeks, ‘Good’ handover ratings increased from 22% to 65%; ‘Poor’ ratings decreased from 25% to 8%. Mean handover time decreased from 47 min to 31.25 min; a decrease of 33.5%. Overall, the team viewed SBAR positively as an efficiency-promoting tool. Structured handover has promoted staff competencies, team morale and information sharing practices among ILAT. MDT teaching improved team communication and confidence. Sustaining motivation to keep up interventions and documentation of handover were identified as key areas for sustained improvement.
A novel unconventional T cell population enriched in Crohn’s disease
Authors: Rosati Elisa , Rios Martini Gabriela , Pogorelyy Mikhail V , Minervina Anastasia A , Degenhardt Frauke , Wendorff Mareike , Sari Soner , Mayr Gabriele , Fazio Antonella , Dowds Christel Marie , Hauser Charlotte , Tran Florian , von Schönfels Witigo , Pochhammer Julius , Salnikova Maria A , Jaeckel Charlot , Gigla Johannes Boy , Sabet Sanaz Sedghpour , Hübenthal Matthias , Schiminsky Esther , Schreiber Stefan , Rosenstiel Philip C , Scheffold Alexander , Thomas Paul G , Lieb Wolfgang , Bokemeyer Bernd , Witte Maria , Aden Konrad , Hendricks Alexander , Schafmayer Clemens , Egberts Jan-Hendrick , Mamedov Ilgar Z , Bacher Petra , Franke Andre
Published: March 2022

Objective

One of the current hypotheses to explain the proinflammatory immune response in IBD is a dysregulated T cell reaction to yet unknown intestinal antigens. As such, it may be possible to identify disease-associated T cell clonotypes by analysing the peripheral and intestinal T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire of patients with IBD and controls.

Design

We performed bulk TCR repertoire profiling of both the TCR alpha and beta chains using high-throughput sequencing in peripheral blood samples of a total of 244 patients with IBD and healthy controls as well as from matched blood and intestinal tissue of 59 patients with IBD and disease controls. We further characterised specific T cell clonotypes via single-cell RNAseq.

Results

We identified a group of clonotypes, characterised by semi-invariant TCR alpha chains, to be significantly enriched in the blood of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and particularly expanded in the CD8+T cell population. Single-cell RNAseq data showed an innate-like phenotype of these cells, with a comparable gene expression to unconventional T cells such as mucosal associated invariant T and natural killer T (NKT) cells, but with distinct TCRs.

Conclusions

We identified and characterised a subpopulation of unconventional Crohn-associated invariant T (CAIT) cells. Multiple evidence suggests these cells to be part of the NKT type II population. The potential implications of this population for CD or a subset thereof remain to be elucidated, and the immunophenotype and antigen reactivity of CAIT cells need further investigations in future studies.
Role of regional anesthesia and analgesia in enhanced recovery after colorectal surgery: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: El-Boghdadly Kariem , Jack James M , Heaney Aine , Black Nick D , Englesakis Marina F , Kehlet Henrik , Chan Vincent W S
Published: March 2022

Background

Effective analgesia is an important element of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), but the clinical impact of regional anesthesia and analgesia for colorectal surgery remains unclear.

Objective

We aimed to determine the impact of regional anesthesia following colorectal surgery in the setting of ERAS.

Evidence review

We performed a systematic review of nine databases up to June 2020, seeking randomized controlled trials comparing regional anesthesia versus control in an ERAS pathway for colorectal surgery. We analyzed the studies with successful ERAS implementation, defined as ERAS protocols with a hospital length of stay of ≤5 days. Data were qualitatively synthesized. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool.

Findings

Of the 29 studies reporting ERAS pathways, only 13 comprising 1170 patients were included, with modest methodological quality and poor reporting of adherence to ERAS pathways. Epidural analgesia had limited evidence of outcome benefits in open surgery, while spinal analgesia with intrathecal opioids may potentially be associated with improved outcomes with no impact on length of stay in laparoscopic surgery, though dosing must be further investigated. There was limited evidence for fascial plane blocks or other regional anesthetic techniques.

Conclusions

Although there was variable methodological quality and reporting of ERAS, we found little evidence demonstrating the clinical benefits of regional anesthetic techniques in the setting of successful ERAS implementation, and future studies must report adherence to ERAS in order for their interventions to be generalizable to modern clinical practice.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42020161200.
Small proline-rich protein 1A promotes lung adenocarcinoma progression and indicates unfavorable clinical outcomes
Authors: Wang Shenqi , Zhang Wenmei
Published: March 2022

Small proline-rich protein 1A (SPRR1A) plays a critical role in regulating squamous cell differentiation. SPRR1A overexpression was reported to be closely related to the progression of some tumors, such as gastric cancer and colon cancer. However, the function of SPRR1A in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has not been elucidated. Here, we first examined the expression pattern of SPRR1A in LUAD tissues, which indicated that the SPRR1A expression level was significantly elevated in LUAD tissues compared with normal lung tissues. High expression of SPRR1A was closely related to larger tumor size. LUAD patients with higher SPRR1A expression had poorer overall survival and SPRR1A was identified as an independent unfavorable prognosis factor. In addition, the effects of SPRR1A on lung cancer cells were tested through cellular experiments and the result demonstrated that knockdown of SPRR1A can suppress the proliferation and invasion capacities of tumor cells, while overexpressing SPRR1A exerted opposite effects. Finally, our findings were substantiated by the data obtained from in vivo xenografts using a mice model. In conclusion, LUAD patients with higher SPRR1A expression were more predisposed to poorer clinical outcomes and unfavorable prognoses, indicating the potential role of SPRR1A as a novel clinical biomarker and therapeutic target.
Graphite-based sensor amended with fumed silica for electrodetection of azithromycin
Authors: Mamdouh Salma , Shehata M. , Fekry A.M. , Ameer M.A.
Published: March 2022

Azithromycin (AM) detection has become of great interest as being one of the prescribed medicines in the medication protocol in Egypt for the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Herein, a carbon paste electrode was simply amended with fumed silica for determining AM. The characterization of the new material was done by different techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The newly modified fumed silica carbon paste electrode exhibited a highly sensitive response toward the oxidation of 1.0 mmol/L AM in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) for a pH range of 5.0–10.0. The effect of varying AM concentrations was studied in PBS, pH 7.4, with a detection limit of 11 μmol/L and a quantification limit of 37 μmol/L. Eventually, the recently amended electrode attained reasonable sensitivity and constancy for AM detection in actual trials, such as blood plasma and pharmaceutical drugs.
Probing light mediators in the radiative emission of neutrino pair
Authors: Ge Shao-Feng , Pasquini Pedro
Published: March 2022

We propose a new possibility of using the coherently enhanced neutrino pair emission to probe light-mediator interactions between electron and neutrinos. With typical momentum transfer at the atomic $$\mathcal O(1$$

O
(
1

 eV) scale, this process is extremely sensitive for the mediator mass range $$\mathcal O(10^{-3} \sim 10^4$$

O
(

10

-
3

∼

10
4

) eV. The sensitivity on the product of couplings with electron ($$g^e$$

g
e

or $$y^e$$

y
e

) and neutrinos ($$g^\nu $$

g
ν

or $$y^\nu $$

y
ν

) can touch down to $$|y^e y^\nu | < 10^{-9} \sim 10^{-19}$$

|

y
e

y
ν

|
<

10

-
9

∼

10

-
19

for a scalar mediator and $$|g^e g^\nu | < 10^{-15} \sim 10^{-26}$$

|

g
e

g
ν

|
<

10

-
15

∼

10

-
26

for a vector one, with orders of improvement from the existing constraints.
Artificial Intelligence in the Auxiliary Guidance Function of Athletes’ Movement Standard Training in Physical Education
Authors: Su Zhenzhen
Published: March 2022

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a new technical science that studies and develops theories, methods, techniques and application systems for simulating, extending and expanding human intelligence. This paper is based on the research of AI in the auxiliary guidance function of athletes’ standard training in physical education. It aims to conduct data mining from different aspects such as different joint angular speeds, motion injury screening and different parts of sports injuries and then integrate these aspects. Create a way to reduce athletes’ injuries and scientific training. In order to improve the recognition efficiency of athletes’ movement patterns, nonlinear auto regressive neural networks are used to recognize the movement patterns of athletes’ limb surface signals. Through this research work, it can provide a certain reference basis and practice platform for the research on the auxiliary guidance role of AI in the sports standard training of athletes in physical education. Performance design and implementation include four modules: Image acquisition, preprocessing, motion detection and human motion recognition. Between them, the image acquisition module uses a memory mapping path to determine the format of the camera frame image, and the image format conversion is completed through channel conversion. Experimental data shows that athletes’ strength quality, speed of action response, technical continuity, psychological stability and physical control ability have all been greatly improved. Among them, the most obvious is that with the assistance of AI technology, the psychological stability has reached 9.2; the strength quality has reached 9.1.
A PFC Scheme for the Inverse Watkins Johnson Converter for Polarity Reversible Buck Boost DC Output Voltage
Authors: Jothi Arulkumar Austin V. , Ravi A.
Published: March 2022

A power factor correction (PFC) scheme for the Inverse Watkins Johnson Converter (IWJC) drawing power from a single-phase AC source, delivering polarity reversible DC voltage output is presented in this paper. The IWJC is basically a DC-to-DC converter which can deliver a boosted positive output voltage or a negative output voltage with buck or boost feature. It is suitable for driving DC loads, typically, DC motors in forward or reverse direction. Unlike the conventional four quadrant DC chopper, the IWJC can boost the input voltage and deliver a voltage higher than the source voltage with duty cycle controlled polarity reversible feature. This paper presents the methodology of including a PFC strategy for the IWJC, when fed from a single-phase AC supply. The proposed methodology has established that the AC source side power factor is unity and that the source current is maintained sinusoidal. Simulations and experimental verifications validate the proposed idea.
MODELING THE CONTROL OF BACTERIAL DISEASE BY SOCIAL MEDIA ADVERTISEMENTS: EFFECTS OF AWARENESS AND SANITATION
Authors: TIWARI PANKAJ KUMAR , RAI RAJANISH KUMAR , GUPTA RABINDRA KUMAR , MARTCHEVA MAIA , MISRA ARVIND KUMAR
Published: March 2022

Media impact has significant effect on reducing the disease prevalence, meanwhile sanitation and awareness can control the epidemic by reducing the growth rate of bacteria and direct contacts with infected individuals. In this paper, we investigate the impacts of media and sanitation coverage on the dynamics of epidemic outbreak. We observe that the growth rate of social media advertisements carries out a destabilizing role, while the system regains stability if the baseline number of social media advertisements exceeds a certain threshold. The dissemination of awareness among susceptibles first destabilizes and then stabilizes the system. The disease can be wiped out if the baseline level of awareness or the rate of spreading global information about the disease and its preventive measures is too high. We obtain an explicit expression for the basic reproduction number [Formula: see text] and show that [Formula: see text] leads to the total eradication of infection from the region. To capture a more realistic scenario, we construct the forced delay model by seasonally varying the growth rate of social media advertisements and incorporating the time lag involved in reporting of total infective cases to the policy makers. Seasonal pattern in the growth rate of social media advertisements adds complexity to the system by inducing chaotic oscillations. For gradual increase in the delay in reported cases of infected individuals, the nonautonomous system switches finitely many times between periodic and chaotic states.
Preliminary Design of 3D Printing Prosthetic Hand
Authors: Arthaya Bagus , Ivan Vincentius
Published: March 2022

To ensure the smoothness of working flow on the shop floor, workers need excellent and healthy physical conditions. However, some people with disabilities, especially those who have lost their limbs, will have difficulty carrying out the production-related activities. These problems become the background of this paper to design a prosthetic hand made by 3D printing technique. Nine servo motor units actuate all the joints and Arduino is applied as a microcontroller. This paper mainly discusses the design of the kinematics model in the hand, electrical system, and basic movements produced by this prosthetic hand. In addition, patterns of gripping are analyzed and compared with the 3D design. The use of servo motors in each joint of the prosthetic hand can be an advantage to increase the variety of motion in it compared with the design using a pull-string force system. Finally, this paper proposes the idea of future development of the hand design, to achieve a more versatile motion of each finger.
The Bessel wavelet transform of distributions in βμ′-space
Authors: Maurya Jay Singh , Upadhyay Santosh Kumar
Published: March 2022

In this paper, the inversion formula of the continuous Bessel wavelet transform of distributions in [Formula: see text]-space and its associated results with Bessel wavelet kernel containing non-vanishing moments of even orders weighted by [Formula: see text] are investigated by exploiting the theory of Hankel transform.
Free metaplectic wavelet transform in L2(ℝn)
Authors: Shah Firdous A. , Qadri Huzaifa L. , Lone Waseem Z.
Published: March 2022

With the aim to achieve an efficient time-frequency representations of higher dimensional signals, we introduce the notion of free metaplectic wavelet transform in [Formula: see text] by employing the convolution structure of the free-metaplectic transforms. The preliminary analysis encompasses the derivation of fundamental properties of the novel integral transform including the orthogonality and inversion formula. Subsequently, Heisenberg’s and Pitt’s inequalities are also obtained. To extend the scope of the study, a detailed analysis of the double windowed wavelet transform in the free-metaplectic domain is presented at the end.
Lagrangian cobordisms in Liouville manifolds
Authors: Bosshard Valentin
Published: March 2022

Floer theory for Lagrangian cobordisms was developed by Biran and Cornea in a series of papers [Lagrangian cobordism. I, J. Amer. Math. Soc. 26 (2013) 295–340; Lagrangian cobordism and Fukaya categories, Geom. Funct. Anal. 24 (2014) 1731–1830; Cone-decompositions of Lagrangian cobordisms in Lefschetz fibrations, Selecta Math. 23 (2017) 2635–2704] to study the triangulated structure of the derived Fukaya category of monotone symplectic manifolds. This paper explains how to use the language of stops to study Lagrangian cobordisms in Liouville manifolds and the associated exact triangles in the derived wrapped Fukaya category. Furthermore, we compute the cobordism groups of non-compact Riemann surfaces of finite type.
Fuzzy control decision-making framework adapted to the uncertainty environment of complex software system
Authors: He Jingjing , Zheng Liwei , Cui Zhanqi
Published: March 2022

As the system becomes more intelligent and embedded, the operating environment is gradually changed from closed, static, and controllable to more open, dynamic, and difficult to control. As a result, the design of complex software systems is faced with many challenges arising from the uncertainty of the environment (UoE). On the one hand, ignoring the UoE to manually describe requirements is not only a tough job, but it can also hinder the discovery of potential requirements; on the other hand, it is a challenge to integrate the representation of and reasoning of UoE into the process of modeling complex systems. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of complex systems engineering, this paper takes solving the UoE caused by stakeholders preferences and complex environment context as the entry point and designs a fuzzy control decision-making framework. Specifically, the framework contributes to the spiral of complex systems while solving the UoE by constructing a closed-loop intelligent system based on automatic data flow between information space and physical space for environment sensing, uncertainty analysis, requirements mining, fuzzy reasoning, decision execution as well as feedback optimization. Finally, the framework is validated with a concrete example of an adaptive treadmill system based on the support tools developed.
Performance analysis with self-organizing map and recurrent neural network
Authors: Yan Yongquan
Published: March 2022

As software aging has been discovered in many fields, some time-series methods are utilized to find a better time to make a software system become more resilient from the degradation states. However, those existing methods cannot well solve the sequence relationship of the resource consumption series in the aging problems since data series contains linear and nonlinear characteristics. In this paper, we propose a method, recurrent neural network with self-organizing map, to enhance the prediction accuracy for resource consumption series of software aging problems. In order to smooth the resource consumption series, a pre-processing process and a self-organizing map are used. To make the prediction more accurate, a recurrent neural network is used. In the experiment, the proposed method is applied to two types of resource consumption series, and the result shows that our proposed method owns better performances in two aspects.
NEXUS OF CLIMATE CONDITIONS WITH ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL GROWTH INTEGRATION: HOW DO ECONOMIC INDICATORS MATTER?
Authors: ZHU YANLIANG , WANG KAIFENG , IRAM ROBINA
Published: March 2022

There has been a change in economic research from focusing on economic growth to focusing on sustainable development when it comes to economic development. This research aims to examine the link between China’s socioeconomic progress and the degradation of the environment. Between 1995 and 2018, the information in this study was collected. We looked at factors including the percentage of tourism in total exports, total and renewable energy consumption and GDP per capita when calculating the emissions they have on the environment. CO2 emission shows long-term causation, but the feedback causality hypothesis holds in the short term between the variables of concern. There is a one-way correlation between GDP, CO2 emissions and the use of renewable energy; access to better water, sanitation and electricity; access to renewable energy; and access to improved water, sanitation and electricity to CO2 emissions. It was shown that CO2 emissions, GDP and energy usage had a positive long-term correlation. In contrast, tourism, renewable energy and access to better water and sanitation all had a negative long-term correlation. GDP’s contribution to future CO2 emission fluctuations ranges from 7% to 25%, with energy use at 7%–15%, renewable energy use at 1%–4.5% and tourism at 5.8%–10%. Meanwhile, access to better water, sanitation and electricity is at 9%, 1.13% and 3%, respectively, according to the variance decomposition analysis. Sustainable development in China necessitates a strong policy to adopt renewable energy sources, sustainable tourism growth and improved access to safe drinking water, sanitary facilities and power.
Identity-Based Public Auditing for Cloud Storage of Internet-of-Vehicles Data
Authors: Tian Hui , Peng Fang , Quan Hanyu , Chang Chin-Chen
Published: March 2022

The
Internet of Vehicles (IoV)
, with the help of cloud computing, can provide rich and powerful application services for vehicles and drivers by sharing and analysing various IoV data. However, how to ensure the integrity of IoV data with multiple sources and diversity outsourced in the cloud is still an open challenge. To address this concern, this paper first presents an identity-based public auditing scheme for cloud storage of IoV data, which can fully achieve the essential function and security requirements, such as classified auditing, multi-source auditing and privacy protection. Particularly, we design a new authenticated data structure, called data mapping table, to track the distribution of each type of IoV data to ensure fine and rapid audits. Moreover, our scheme can reduce the overheads for both the key management and the generation of block tags. We formally prove the security of the presented scheme and evaluate its performance by comprehensive comparisons with the state-of-the-art schemes designed for traditional scenarios. The theoretical analyses and experimental results demonstrate that our scheme can securely and efficiently realize public auditing for IoV data, and outperforms the previous ones in both the computation and communication overheads in most cases.
Disrupting Computing Education: Teen-Led Participatory Design in Libraries
Authors: Roldan Wendy , Lee Kung Jin , Nguyen Kevin , Berhe Lia , Yip Jason
Published: March 2022

Large-scale disparities in computing exist for many youth of color. Learning in informal settings can increase the participation of youth in computing; however, computing education programs have typically been developed by adults for youth. We argue computing education can contribute toward decolonization by directly involving youth from nondominant communities as design partners. When we directly involve youth voices, we can move away from focusing solely on the structural barriers faced by youth of color toward an assets-based approach. We examine a 10-week case study within KidsTeam Libraries, an intergenerational digital design program where local youth conceptualize what digital learning could look like in libraries. Our qualitative dataset includes over 15 hours of video recordings from participatory design sessions, six interviews with participants, 10 researcher jottings, and a corpus of 25 researcher memos written by researchers, librarians, and teens. Throughout our investigation, our knowledge claims are co-constructed with the two teenagers who led the design and implementation of a three-dimensional printing curriculum in their local library with 10 children. Our findings emphasize (1) the ways in which the involvement of teen leaders can foster and sustain community-level relationships for computing education; (2) how we noticed, enforced, and disrupted power within our computing education program; and (3) the systemic challenges we confronted in our process toward disrupting computing education. We provide empirical evidence of teen-led participatory design approaches for computing education in their community through detailed vignettes from sessions and through quotes from key participants. We contribute to the computing education community a novel approach in which youth are positioned as design partners for reimagining a computing education experience in libraries that centers and serves community members.