bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
They can find it but they don't know what to do with it:
Authors: Rosenblatt Stephanie
Published: May 2013

This article discusses a two-part research study. In the first part, the impact of a library instruction session on the quality of sources cited by upper-division undergraduate students was measured. Student papers and bibliographies were analysed with the use of a checklist in order to determine if students who attended a library instruction session were more likely to cite scholarly sources that addressed their paper topics than students who did not attend a session. Twenty students in total participated in the study and it was discovered that most of the students had no difficulty finding and evaluating sources in order to meet or exceed the professor's bibliographic requirements, including those students who had never attended a library instruction session. However, half of the students in this study had problems synthesising the quality information they found and incorporating it into their papers. This realisation led to the second part of the study. The students’ papers were reexamined in order to describe students’ use of the scholarly materials. A rubric was created in order to determine if the papers exhibited evidence that the students had synthesised the materials they found. Many of the students only summarised the scholarly sources specified by their professor’s bibliographic requirements then went on to make assertions about their topics without making any connection to the scholarly literature they so carefully accumulated. These findings question some of the assumptions about the information literacy needs of undergraduates held by many practitioners, as evidenced by the emphasis most instructional librarians place on teaching students how to locate, retrieve, and evaluate materials from “acceptable” sources. Further research on how undergraduates actually use the information they find can only inform librarians’ pedagogical efforts and may lead to increased collaboration between librarians and discipline faculty.
Why would they try:
Authors: Brown Jeanne , Gaxiola Carrie
Published: May 2013

In 2008, the University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV) University Libraries piloted the Educational Testing Service's standardised test of information, communication, and technology (ICT) skills (iSkills) in spring and autumn 2008. In the course of administering the test we explored motivational strategies, a critical component in low-stakes, low-personal-consequences testing. Motivational strategies included providing feedback on test performance, highlighting the value of the test for the individual student, and appealing to the student's willingness to improve the overall performance of the institution. We addressed ways to motivate students in order to enhance their level of participation in and performance on the test. As the use of standardised testing to benchmark student information skills is increasing within the information literacy community, it is vital to address these motivational aspects to ensure the generation of reliable data. This article describes the strategies and language the University Libraries used to convey value and stimulate interest; it also provides feedback from test-takers on why they tried to do their best on the test
The awareness and use of electronic information sources among livestock researchers in Tanzania
Authors: Angello Consolata
Published: May 2013

This paper is the result of a study that was conducted to investigate the accessibility and use of electronic information resources by the livestock researchers in Tanzania. One of the main objectives of the study was to assess the information literacy skills of livestock researchers. The study was conducted in three livestock research institutes in Tanzania with an overall sample size of fifty respondents consisting of livestock researchers and information professionals. Detailed questionnaires, interviews and observations were the methods used for data collection while data was analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and content analysis. One of the findings of the study was the lack of information literacy skills among most of the researchers and this was found to be limiting their access and use of e-resources. This paper discusses the level of information literacy that livestock researchers possess and its impact on these researchers’ awareness and use of e-resources.
The evolution of an embedded information literacy module:
Authors: Kavanagh Allison
Published: May 2013

The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and evolution of the embedded information literacy (IL) module for first year BSc in Marketing students in X institution over a three year period between 2007-8 and 2009-10. It describes the pedagogical theories underlining the teaching and assessment of the course in its original format, the reflective practice in which the library team engaged, and the subsequent changes made to the teaching and assessment of the course, informed by the research literature. The study uses performance in the assessment task, student feedback drawn from survey questionnaires and a focus group as the methods of data collection, although the analysis also takes into account anecdotal evidence. The paper provides details of the correlation each year between student performance in the information literacy and marketing components of the assessment task. It outlines the students’ evaluations of the course and, for the latter two years, it examines their perception of their information literacy skills before and after the embedded module. The issues raised in the feedback from students, the library team, and academic staff members were addressed using techniques drawn from the research literature. This involved underpinning the feedback and formative assessment for the programme with a student centred approach by introducing discussion board assignments to the course, and drawing on students’ existing knowledge and experience by using worksheets at the start of class. The timing of the IL classes was also changed in 2008-9 to align them more closely with the assessment deadline. In addition, instructions in relation to the assessment task were rewritten and clarified in 2008-9 and 2009-10. The modifications made resulted in an improvement in student performance (as measured by the mean mark) in the IL assessment task, and in an increase in the correlation between the marks for the IL and marketing components of the assignment. The study has some limitations, while student feedback indicated a significant increase in students’ confidence in their IL skills, the study did not examine at any stage whether this increase in confidence resulted in a change in their IL practice. Furthermore, while most students in the 2007-8 cohort indicated that they would apply what they had learned in the IL component to other courses, there is only anecdotal evidence that this actually happened. Nevertheless, the discussion on the issues and challenges experienced in relation to the teaching and assessment of an embedded information literacy module, and the analysis of the impact of the solutions introduced to address these issues should make this paper relevant to practitioners engaged in the delivery and assessment of similar IL modules.
Evidence-based practice:
Authors: Galvin Brian
Published: May 2013

Purpose: This paper describes the rationale and philosophy behind the development of a blended learning course for allied health professionals working in the field of substance use prevention and the results of an evaluation of the pilot course. The course teaches a range of information literacy skills in order to increase the participants’ knowledge of evidence-based practice and enable them to pursue an evidence-based approach in their professional work. The course Evidence-based Substance Use Prevention and Education Practice was developed and delivered by the National Documentation Centre on Drug Use (NDC), a special substance-use research library in Ireland, where the author works. The NDC is part of a drug and alcohol research unit, comprising epidemiologists, social researchers and statisticians. This unit is based in an Irish Government agency called the Health Research Board (HRB). Method: Data required for the evaluation of the pilot course were obtained from responses by participants to pre- and post-course questionnaires and from a focus group of some of those who completed the course. Findings: The course was established on the premise that the effective transfer of scientific knowledge in the field of problem drug use requires that practitioners develop information literacy skills to enable them to understand the principles of evidence-based practice. The findings of the course evaluation suggest that blended learning course in evidence-based practice is an effective way to teach these skills and promote an evidence-based approach to practice in this area. Originality: Developing information literacy skills is a key part of the inculcation of evidence-based principles in medical education and in the education of allied health professionals. The teaching of information literacy skills to students involved in health-related education has been studied extensively. The course described in this paper builds on the evidence provided by the literature and applies the principles of information literacy teaching in a setting of continuing professional development. In terms of its scope, target audience and objectives, the course is unique and the insights obtained from the delivery of the course and its evaluation form a useful and original contribution to research in this area.
Faculty attitudes, perceptions and experiences of information literacy:
Authors: Bury Sophie
Published: May 2013

This Canadian-based survey research study investigates the information literacy (IL) instruction practices, attitudes and knowledge of university faculty. Findings are based on results from an online survey of all full-time faculty at York University. The value of this paper lies, firstly, in its contribution to a field of enquiry where a research deficit has been identified. Second, it contributes to IL research and practice by both synthesizing and corroborating some of the findings of earlier studies of a similar nature. This and other studies establish that many faculty attitudes and practices regarding IL instruction have remained relatively constant over time by revealing evidence of a strong and enduring faculty belief in the value of solid student IL proficiencies, concerns that these proficiencies fall below desired standards; the view that IL instruction is beneficial; and evidence of disconnects between expressed beliefs and actual IL practice. Third, this study builds on what is already known by uncovering disciplinary differences in faculty opinions and practices in the domain of IL instruction and by providing insights on how faculty’s perceptions and rankings of different types of IL competencies are evolving and changing in an increasingly web-based information universe.
ILS and RTP:
Authors: Johnson Rachel
Published: May 2013

The purpose of this article is to investigate the involvement of Information and Learning Services staff in the delivery of the Research Training Programme at the University of Worcester, UK with a focus on researcher receptivity. I believe that by constantly reflecting on the development of that part of the programme delivered by ILS and by examining feedback from the sessions, it is possible to improve and increase the level of researcher receptivity. It is hoped that such examination and reflection will be of value and relevance to the IL community since by reflecting on success and failure in a local context and by mapping this reflection to existing research enables librarians to improve the support provided to researchers within their institutions. This article outlines the support given to research students at the University of Worcester in the past, examines the changes leading to present programme delivery and reflects on considerations for future support. The article is underpinned by reference to current research undertaken in international (albeit Western-centric) contexts. I note that the rationale behind changes is embedded in current adult learning and teaching theory. In an increasingly competitive research environment where funding is dependent on a statistically monitored research output, the aim of such support is to integrate any IL contribution into the wider research training programme. Thus resource discovery becomes part of the reflexive research cycle. Implicit in this investigative reflection is the desire of the IL community to constantly strive towards the positive reception of IL into research support programmes which are perceived by researchers as highly valuable to the process and progress of their work.
Instructional design for the active:
Authors: Holderied Anthony
Published: May 2013

In a variety of instructional scenarios, librarians at The University of North Carolina have been working to engage students with the use of interactive technologies combined with active learning strategies in attempts to enhance learning of information literacy concepts. This paper describes the successful use of this approach in not only increasing student engagement, but possibly learning outcomes as well. Practical examples of our use of class response systems (clickers), interactive whiteboards, wireless slates, and digital cameras in conjunction with active learning environments are discussed in the context of both upper and lower-division classes. Our study, using a clicker group and control group in information literacy sessions for English Composition II classes, revealed a four-point increase in information retention in classes using clickers and discussion compared to classes taught using more traditional methods of instruction. Assessment data collected from experiments provides evidence that these technologies coupled with active learning methods are capable of delivering not only improved student engagement and participation, but also increased learning outcomes in some cases. The results of these experiences shed light on the potential impact that implementation of interactive technologies with a shift in pedagogy can have on student engagement and learning of information literacy concepts.
Is there a difference between critical thinking and information literacy?
Authors: Weiner John
Published: May 2013

This paper investigates the similarities and differences between two important ideas in information processing and knowledge utilisation. Those ideas are [critical thinking] and [information literacy]. The two phrases are shown in brackets to indicate that the two words involved in each idea are not arbitrarily combined but have been coupled by authors to represent a single entity or a focus for development of concepts describing the characteristics involved. By exploring terms related to this couplet from the same sentence, the meaning of each of the central ideas can be expanded. The education, library science, and health science literature were used in this study, which analysed 8745 articles dealing with [critical thinking] and 8201 reports dealing with [information literacy] included in either ERIC or PubMed from 2000-2009. The findings showed that combinations of terms (i.e. ideas) such as [information & literacy & related term] or [critical & thinking & related term], when organised based on Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning (Bloom 1956), clarified the similarities and differences between the two central ideas. [Information literacy] was involved in all of the cognitive functions suggested by Bloom. This finding is consistent with the definitions of [information literacy] that relate it to lifelong learning and effective decision-making. In addition, the ideas describing [information literacy] were consistent with actions and perceptions that were more public and standardised than those associated with [critical thinking]. This suggests that [information literacy] and its associated procedures could significantly augment current instruction in [critical thinking] and indeed, the possibility has been explored by some authors in the current literature. A merging of the two ideas would involve [information literacy] providing tools and techniques in the processing and utilisation of knowledge and [critical thinking] supplying the particulars and interpretations associated with a specific discipline. This type of integration could lead to instructional programs similar in concept and application to those in research methodology where methods from statistics are integrated with the techniques and skills associated with a specific discipline. The development of a curriculum of this type would change functions and perceptions from private, individualised mentation, now associated with [critical thinking], to a more easily learned and practiced process suitable across the breadth of disciplines.
Tailoring information literacy instruction and library services for continuing education
Authors: Lange Jessica , Canuel Robin , Fitzgibbons Megan
Published: May 2013

As higher education diversifies worldwide, academic librarians must adapt their information literacy initiatives to meet the needs of new populations. This paper explores the implementation of information literacy instruction and library services for diverse adult learners, in response to Cooke’s (2010) call for case studies on the relationship between andragogy and information literacy. Based on librarians’ success in reaching a previously underserved continuing education department, a variety of practical techniques for working with diverse students and instructors are discussed, with a focus on how learners’ characteristics inform the approaches. Effective techniques from adult education theory and information literacy practice are discussed in the context of outreach to continuing education learners. Librarians adapt instruction and communication strategies for students with varying levels of language, library, and technology skills; teach outside usual “business hours”; teach online; integrate information literacy outcomes in course curricula; tailor communication to students and instructors; and continually develop entirely new workshops based upon the content specific to continuing education programmes. Through these efforts, this unique group of students and instructors has been provided with previously unrealised access to information literacy training and library services. Challenges in outreach and teaching remain; however, the groundwork has been laid for a sustained liaison relationship. Future work will include systematic evaluation of successes and changing needs so that structured information literacy efforts, tailored for continuing education students, can evolve over time.
Information literacy in United Kingdom schools
Authors: Streatfeild David , Shaper Sue , Markless Sharon , Rae-Scott Simon Paul
Published: May 2013

This paper reviews the evolution of information skills and information literacy (IL) work and associated research in UK schools over the past thirty years as reflected in the literature. A brief report is then offered of a recent small study of library-based IL work in primary schools in England, using structured focus groups of teachers and library assistants and telephone interviews with Heads. The remainder of the paper reports on the IL aspects of the first major surveys of UK post-primary school libraries and what librarians do for more than twenty years. It draws on an activity survey of library staff in 1,044 schools in the UK, conducted through a combination of peer interviews with an e-survey, across a range of post-primary schools. A set of questions was asked about the preferred term used in the school for IL, the extent of learning support by library staff, and the distribution of IL efforts across student years. These replies were then compared with responses about management supervision and about librarian-generated planning to show that these are both influencing factors in IL work. Further questions were asked about the types of IL work undertaken by library staff – from supporting IL efforts of teachers to conducting lessons in the library or classroom and preparing guidance for students. Respondents then identified the phases of the IL cycle on which they concentrated their efforts and the main activities which they engaged in when collaborating with teachers. In presenting the results, comparisons are made between replies from professionally-qualified librarians and other categories of respondent. Three models of IL intervention in schools are then presented, drawing upon activity descriptions contributed by survey respondents (including those interviewed). These are characterised as: Sporadic opportunism, Systematic development and Strategic orchestration. A brief comment is made on the limitations of the survey and some conclusions are offered, relating to the growing gap between ‘the best and the rest’, the implications of declining school library budgets at all levels, and the difference that a professionally-qualified school librarian can make to IL work in the school.
Students’ behaviour playing an online information literacy game
Authors: Markey Karen , Leeder Chris , St Jean Beth
Published: May 2013

This paper describes how college students played the web-based BiblioBouts Information Literacy (IL) game, which ushers players through the library research process while they complete a research-and-writing assignment. The game teaches students basic IL skills including creating citations, judging citation completeness, assessing author expertise, assessing source relevance and credibility, judging quality, and assessing accuracy. BiblioBouts’ collaborative and social mechanisms help students leverage their own research efforts in finding sources, evaluating their usefulness, and choosing the best sources, with their classmates’ efforts so that everyone benefits. Players benefit from receiving hands-on practice and experience with the wide range of information literacy (IL) skills that confront them during the process from conducting library research to completing writing assignments. Both quantitative and qualitative game-play data were gathered from game-play logs, game diaries, focus group interviews with student game players, and personal interviews with instructors. These data were analyzed to determine typical game-play styles, how long students played the game, and the impact of scoring on the way the students played the game and engaged in IL activities. The results were used to improve game mechanics and player engagement. The R&D team’s experience building an online, interactive IL game demonstrates that game design must first focus on evaluations of player behavior followed by game-system improvements that are expected to affect the desired game-play behavior. The BiblioBouts game presents an innovative method for learning IL competencies and is unique in its social, collaborative, and interactive approach to educational gaming. It is hoped that this article will encourage IL librarians to explore games and other alternative forms of IL instruction.
The search for the Skunk Ape:
Authors: McClure Randall , Cooke Rachel , Carlin Anna
Published: May 2013

This paper examines the impact of an online information literacy tutorial on source selection, evaluation, and use in essays written by English Composition students. More than 250 students participated in this research, and the essays written by a sample of 60 students are examined. Citation analysis is used first to determine the average number of citations per paper, frequency of source/format type, currency and authority of sources, frequency and length of in-text citations, and frequency of correctly formatted in-text and end-of text documentation. Textual analysis is used second to determine which essays have more frequent, correctly-formatted intext citations, more paraphrases and summaries of their sources, fewer long quotes, and more source variety, among others. The results of this analysis suggest that online information literacy instruction may increase the number of sources that students locate and use. The textual analysis in this study also highlighted some deficiencies in students’ citation practices, such as discrepancies between in-text citations and sources listed in bibliographies, and these problems were present despite information literacy instruction. These results point out areas of instruction, such as integrating sources into writing, to be improved upon in future versions of the online tutorial. The findings offered here should help information literacy professionals planning to develop online tutorials hone the content of the programmes.
Native aphids of New Zealand—diversity and host associations
Authors: TEULON D. A.J. , STUFKENS M.A.W. , DRAYTON G.M. , MAW H.E.L. , SCOTT I.A.W , BULMAN S.R. , CARVER M. , VON DOHLEN C.D. , EASTOP V.F. , FOOTTIT R.G.
Published: May 2013

At least 15 species of aphids are now recognised as New Zealand natives and most of these are very likely to be endemic. Most native aphids belong in the subfamily Aphidinae (Aphidini), with a possible single species in Aphidinae-Macrosiphini, at least two in Neophyllaphidinae and one in Taiwanaphidinae. With one exception, native aphids are restricted to a single host plant genus, and these hosts are from 13 genera and 12 plant families in the Pinales and Angiospermae— Eudicotyledonae, suggesting that the aphids are a remnant fauna. No known native aphids have host plants from the Pteridophyta or Angiospermae—Monocotyledonae, with the possible exception of two possibly native species extracted from native tussock grassland turfs. Most host plant genera have some degree of Gondwanan distribution, but only two indigenous species are found on large forest trees and only one host is deciduous. Native aphids have been recorded from sea level to the subalpine zone, reflecting their host plant distributions. Sexual reproduction, followed by several parthenogenetic generations on the same host plant, appears to be the norm for most species. Eggs appear to be used for surviving winter conditions in some species and summer conditions in others. Native aphid distribution and abundance varies with five species considered to be scarce, one species localised, two species sparse and three relatively common based on current knowledge.
Resurrection of the genus Parapsallus Wagner (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae: Phylini)
Authors: DUWAL RAM KESHARI , JUNG SUNGHOON , LEE SEUNGHWAN
Published: May 2013

The generic placement of Parapsallus vitellinus (Scholtz) has remained confused with the species having been placed in the genera, Capsus Fabricius, 1803 (Scholtz, 1847); Psallus Fieber, 1858 (Fieber, 1861); and Plagiognathus Fieber, 1858 (Henry & wheeler, 1973; Schuh, 2001), in addition to Parapsallus. In the latest study of the taxon, Schuh (2001) treated this as belonging to Plagiognathus Fieber, because of similar structural affinity in the male genitalia. But in the present study, we observed the apex of endosoma is distinctly unequal, the elongated apical process remarkably curved (unlike the genus Plagiognathus), and the posterior wall of the female genitalia with a pair of chitinized membrane on either side are distinct and somewhat resemble with K–structures in Orthotylinae which are rare or not found in species of Plagiognathus. However, a few exceptional cases are reported in recent studies in the members of Phylinae (Weirauch, 2007; Schuh & Pedraza, 2010; Schuh & Weirauch, 2010). Moreover, the recent molecular-based phylogenetic analyses of Miridae indicated Parapsallus vitellinus as a separate clade not intermixing with the species of Plagiognathus (Jung & Lee, 2012). Therefore, differences manifested in morphological and genetic approaches suggest resurrection of Parapsallus Wagner with its only included species P. vitellinus. A simple diagnosis, re–description, and illustrations of male and female genital structures are provided.
Pseudolaguvia nubila, a new sisorid catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from northeastern India
Authors: NG HEOK HEE , - LALRAMLIANA , LALRONUNGA SAMUEL , - LALNUNTLUANGA
Published: May 2013

This study describes Pseudolaguvia nubila, a new miniature sisorid catfish from the Kaladan River drainage in northeast-ern India. Pseudolaguvia nubila can be distinguished from congeners in having a combination of a mottled brown body with yellowish bands, a weakly projecting snout in which the premaxillary teeth are barely exposed when the mouth is closed, head width 19.7–21.7% standard length (SL), eye diameter 10.8–14.0% head length (HL), interorbital distance 25.6–31.8% HL, absence of a pale Y-shaped marking on the dorsal surface of the head and supraoccipital process, a smooth anterior edge of the dorsal spine, dorsal-fin spine length 16.4–19.3% SL, length of dorsal-fin base 15.1–17.3% SL, 7–8 serrations on the anterior edge of the pectoral spine, pectoral-fin spine length 18.1–22.0% SL, dorsal to adipose distance 13.1–16.8% SL, length of adipose-fin base 14.2–15.9% SL, pelvic-fin length 15.8–18.5% SL, body depth at anus 13.9–17.1% SL, caudal-peduncle length 15.7–20.2% SL, caudal-peduncle depth 9.1–11.1% SL, and caudal-fin length 20.3–25.3% SL.
A new species of the genus Ocadia (Testudines: Geoemydidae) from the middle Miocene of Tanegashima Island, southwestern Japan and its paleogeographic implications
Authors: TAKAHASHI AKIO , ŌKI KIMIHIKO , ISHIDO TAKAHIRO , HIRAYAMA REN
Published: May 2013

A new geoemydid turtle, Ocadia tanegashimensis (Testudines: Geoemydidae) is described on the basis of a relatively well–preserved shell from the lower middle Miocene of Tanegashima Island, Kagoshima Prefecture, southwestern Japan. This species is clearly distinguished from two congeneric species (extant O. sinensis and O. nipponica from the middle Pleistocene of eastern Japan) due to the presence of the following character states: length of the entoplastron as long as the interhyoplastral suture, the costals dovetailed with one another in outline, the third pleural overlapping only the sixth and seventh peripherals. The present study suggests that the initial intrageneric diversification of Ocadia began not later than the early Miocene in eastern Asia.
Two new species of myxosporean parasites (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) from gall bladders of Macruronus magellanicus Lönnberg, 1907 (Teleostei: Merlucciidae)
Authors: KALAVATI CHAGANTI , MACKENZIE KEN , COLLINS CATHERINE , HEMMINGSEN WILLY , BRICKLE PAUL
Published: May 2013

Two new species of myxosporeans are described from the gall bladders of hoki, Macruronus magellanicus Lönnberg, 1907, caught in the Southeast Pacific off Chile and in the Southwest Atlantic off the Falkland Islands. Pseudalataspora kovalevae n. sp. is described morphologically and genetically. Of the 12 species of Pseudalataspora previously described from the gall bladders of marine fish, P. kovalevae is most similar in morphology to P. umbraculiformis Gaevskaya and Kovaleva, 1984. The 18S rRNA gene sequence from P. kovalevae is the first for a member of the genus Pseudalataspora. Based on currently available myxosporean 18S rRNA gene sequence data, P. kovalevae shares greatest sequence identity with species of the genus Ceratomyxa (C. anko and C. pantherini). Palliatus magellanicus n. sp. is described morpholog-ically only; it differs considerably in morphology, host species and locality from the five other Palliatus species described from marine fishes. A third species from the gall bladder is also described morphologically and genetically. On the basis of its morphology it is tentatively identified as Myxidium baueri Kovaleva and Gaevskaya, 1982, for which M. magellani-cus is a new host record. Molecular analysis indicates that, of those species for which data are available, M. baueri is most closely related to Myxidium coryphaenoideum Noble, 1966 based on 18S rRNA gene sequence data, though support for a phylogenetic grouping is lo
New genera of Lachesillidae (Psocodea:’Psocoptera’: Eolachesillinae: Graphocaeciliini) from Valle del Cauca, Colombia
Authors: ALDRETE ALFONSO N. GARCÍA , OBANDO RANULFO GONZÁLEZ , CARREJO NANCY S.
Published: May 2013

Two new related Colombian genera of Lachesillidae, including three new species, from the Department of Valle del Cauca, are here described and illustrated. They belong in the tribe Graphocaeciliini (Eolachesillinae). The new genera differ from the other genera in the tribe lacking ocelli, by characters of the male clunium, phallosome, endophallus, paraprocts, and female subgenital plate, gonapophyses and IX sternum. The types are deposited in the Entomological Museum of the Universidad del Valle (MUSENUV), in Santiago de Cali, Colombia.
Two new species of freshwater crabs of the genus Heterochelamon Türkay & Dai, 1997 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Potamidae) from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China
Authors: NARUSE TOHRU , ZHU CHUNCHAO , ZHOU XIANMIN
Published: May 2013

Heterochelamon tessellatum n. sp. and H. castanea n. sp. are described from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, southern China. Heterochelamon tessellatum n. sp. and H. castanea n. sp. are morphologically most similar to H. yangshuoense Türkay & Dai, 1997, and H. guangxiense Türkay & Dai, 1997, respectively. The new species can be differentiated from these allied species by differences in the shape of external orbital tooth, epibranchial tooth, and male first gonopod. The present study brings the number of Heterochelamon species to five. A key to species of the genus Heterochelamon is provided.
Systematics of the bee subgenus Systropha (Austrosystropha) (Hymenoptera: Halictidae): Description of a new species and proposal of a new sex association
Authors: PATINY SEBASTIEN , BALDOCK DAVID , MICHEZ DENIS
Published: May 2013

Systropha is a small genus of bees belonging to Rophitinae (sister-group to all remaining Halictidae). Three subgenera are recognized in Systropha: Austrosystropha and Systrophidia that are sub-Saharan endemics, and Systropha s.str., which oc-curs in Africa and Eurasia. As a result of the rarity of Systropha specimens in collections and the difficulty in associating males and females due to sexual dimorphism, there remain numerous undescribed or unassociated sexes in S. (Austrosys-tropha). The present paper gives the descriptions of a new species Systropha oti sp. n. (from Kenya) and the previously undescribed female of S. aethiopica, both in the subgenus Austrosystropha. We further discuss the diagnostic features of the subgenus with regard to these new taxa and update the previous key to species.
A new Early Cretaceous shore bug (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Saldidae) from China
Authors: ZHANG WEITING , YAO YUNZHI , REN DONG
Published: May 2013

A new genus Luculentsalda Zhang, Yao & Ren gen. nov. (type-species Luculentsalda maculosa Zhang, Yao & Ren sp. nov.) of Saldidae is described and illustrated. All the specimens were collected from Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Huangbanjigou, Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, China. New findings suggest that the subfamily Chiloxanthinae prob-ably originated in the eastern part of Laurasia.
The distress call of Caiman crocodilus crocodilus (Crocodylia: Alligatoridae) in western Amazonia, Brazil
Authors: ROBERTO IGOR JOVENTINO , BOTERO-ARIAS ROBINSON
Published: May 2013

Analysis of vocalization can play a significant role in taxonomic studies, helping to identity cryptic species in species complex, as has been show for different vertebrate groups: primates (Zimmermann 1990), birds (Alström & Ranft 2003), amphibians (Padial & De La Riva 2009). In reptiles the analysis of vocalization has been explored mostly in behavioral, ecological, morphological and physiological studies, especially in lizards (Gans 1973; Frankenberg & Werner 1992; Russel et al. 2000) and crocodilians (Herzog & Burghardt 1977; Vergne et al. 2009). However crocodilians have the most complex acoustic repertoire, especially during the early stages of their life (Vergne et al. 2009), having different functions according to their stimulus and being classified as hatching, contact, annoyance, threat and distress calls (Britton 2001).
A cladistic analysis and classification of the subfamily Bembicinae (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae), with a key to the genera
Authors: NEMKOV PAVEL G. , LELEJ ARKADY S.
Published: May 2013

A cladistic analysis of the digger wasp subfamily Bembicinae based on morphological characters is presented. The under-lying data matrix comprises 83 terminal taxa (coded on genus-level) and 64 morphological characters. The resulting strict consensus tree was used as the basis for a revised tribal and subtribal classification of the Bembicinae. Based on a previ-ously published classification, we herewith propose a change: the tribe Heliocausini Handlirsch 1925, stat. resurr. (com-posed of Acanthocausus Fritz & Toro 1977, Heliocausus Kohl 1892, and Tiguipa Fritz & Toro 1976) is separated from Bembicini Latreille 1802. Four tribes are recognized within the subfamily Bembicinae and seven subtribes within the tribe Gorytini and two subtribes in the tribe Nyssonini, based on the present cladistic analysis.The subtribe Nurseina Nemkov & Lelej, subtrib. nov. (comprising of Nippononysson Yasumatsu & Maidl 1936 and Nursea Cameron 1902) is separated from other genera in the tribe Nyssonini Latreille 1804. An new identification key to the genera of the Bembicinae is pro-vided.
Two new species of Eunice Cuvier, 1817 (Polychaeta, Eunicidae) from the coral reefs of Hainan Island with a key to 16 species of Eunice from China seas
Authors: WU XUWEN , SUN RUIPING , LIU RUIYU , XU KUIDONG
Published: May 2013

A taxonomic study of Eunice species based on material deposited in the Marine Biological Museum of the Chinese Acad-emy of Sciences (MBMCAS) including recently collected specimens from coastal regions of Hainan Island, yielded two new species: Eunice hainanensis n. sp. and E. carrerai n. sp. Both species were collected from dead coral rocks in the reefs of the coastal region of Hainan Island, northern South China Sea. Eunice hainanensis has translucent bidentate sub-acicular hooks and branchiae present over an extensive region of the body. Within the Eunice group possessing these char-acters, the new species highly resembles E. schizobranchia Claparède, 1870 in having a numerous chaetigers and a very late start of branchiae (348–570 chaetigers with branchiae from chaetigers 69–72 vs. 731 chaetigers with branchiae from chaetiger 67). However, the two species differ by the presence of the maxillary plate VI (MxVI) in the new species (vs. absent in the latter). Besides, E. hainanensis is much smaller (1.7–1.9 mm vs. 5 mm in maximal width). Eunice carrerai belongs to the Eunice group that has dark bidentate subacicular hooks and branchiae present over an extensive region of the body. It can be distinguished from similar congeners that have the branchiae starting from chaetigers 3–4 and prosto-mial appendages with moniliform articulations by a combination of characters such as the presence of MxVI, notopodial articulations limited to anterior chaetigers, peristomial cirri articulated and extending to anterior edge of first peristomial ring. A key to 16 species of Eunice identified from China seas in the material examined with notes on their distribution is provided. The major characters of these species are briefly summarized.
Idionyx (Odonata: Corduliidae) of the Western Ghats with a description of a new species
Authors: SUBRAMANIAN K. A. , RANGNEKAR PARAG , NAIK ROHAN
Published: May 2013

The status and distribution of Idionyx Hagen, 1867 (Odonata: Corduliidae), of the Western Ghats, India, is updated and a new species Idionyx gomantakensis is described and illustrated based on male and female specimens from Kulem (=Col-lem), Goa, India. This new species can be differentiated from other species of Idionyx by long and slender cerci and epiproct, absence of teeth in the basal half of the cerci, and a tuft of golden hairs at the end of the lateral lobes of the epiproct. A revised key to the species of the genus is provided, and its diversity and ecology in the Western Ghats is dis-cussed.
Regional Energy and Water Cycles: Transports from Ocean to Land
Authors: Trenberth Kevin E. , Fasullo John T.
Published: May 2013

The flows of energy and water from ocean to land are examined in the context of the land energy and water budgets, for land as a whole and for continents. Most atmospheric reanalyses have large errors of up to 15 W m−2 in the top-of-atmosphere (TOA) energy imbalance, and none include volcanic eruptions. The flow of energy from ocean to land is more reliable as it relies on analyzed wind, temperature, and moisture fields. It is examined for transports of the total, latent energy (LE), and dry static energy (DSE) to land as a whole and as zonal means. The net convergence of energy onto land is balanced by the loss of energy at TOA, measured by Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES), and again there are notable discrepancies. Only the ECMWF Interim Re-Analysis (ERA-I) is stable and plausible. Strong compensation between variations in LE and DSE transports onto land means that their sum is more stable over time, and the net transport of energy onto land is largely that associated with the hydrological cycle (LE). A more detailed examination is given of the energy and water budgets for Eurasia, North and South America, Australia, and Africa, making use of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data for water storage on land and data on river discharge into the ocean. With ERA-I, the new land estimates for both water and energy are closer to achieving balances than in previous studies. As well as the annual means, the mean annual cycles are examined in detail along with uncertainty sampling estimates, but the main test used here is that of closure.
Crisis Communication, Image Restoration, and Battling Stereotypes of Terror and Wars
Authors: Avraham Eli
Published: May 2013

The constant media coverage of the Middle East in terms of conflicts, terror attacks, and wars affects the media and public image of countries in this area. In analyzing marketing initiatives, media policy, public relations crisis techniques, and the components of advertising campaigns, the goal of this article is to uncover the strategies used by Middle Eastern marketers to restore a positive image to bring back tourism after crises during the past decade. Based on the multistep model for altering place image, the study used qualitative content analysis of advertisements, press interviews with Middle Eastern officials and marketers, national tourism board websites, and reports about marketing initiatives that appeared in the press and on global tourism news websites. The analysis shows that Middle Eastern marketers employed three types of strategies to restore a positive image: source, message, and audience.
A Strategic Issue Management (SIM) Approach to Social Media Use in Public Diplomacy
Authors: Zhang Juyan
Published: May 2013

This research proposed that social media use in public diplomacy should first be a strategic issue management (SIM) process. Using two case studies, the research identified four phases of the SIM process, namely the issue fermenting and going viral phase, the proactive phase, the reactive phase, and the issue receding and new issue fermenting phase. Social media are largely tactical tools in the first and the last phases. But they may become strategic tools in the proactive and reactive phases, in which diplomats may use them to reinforce a favorable viral trend, to build an agenda, and to respond to a conflict. In addition, the SIM approach argues that engagement, the Obama administration’s diplomatic doctrine, should be reassessed in a mixed-motive framework instead of being narrowly equated to dialogue.
Beliefs of Australian health professionals about the helpfulness of interventions for mental disorders: Differences between professions and change over time
Authors: Morgan Amy J , Jorm Anthony F , Reavley Nicola J
Published: May 2013

Objective:

To assess the beliefs of general practitioners (GPs), psychiatrists and clinical psychologists about the helpfulness of different interventions for mental disorders, and to examine change in beliefs over time.

Methods:

A questionnaire was mailed to 6848 GPs, psychiatrists and clinical psychologists registered with Medicare Australia. The questionnaire was based around one of six vignettes describing a person with a mental disorder: depression, depression with suicidal thoughts, early schizophrenia, chronic schizophrenia, social phobia and post-traumatic stress disorder. The depression and early schizophrenia vignettes were identical to those used in a similar survey of health professionals conducted in 1996. A range of interventions were rated for their likely helpfulness for each disorder, and consensus was defined as at least 66% of each profession rating an intervention as helpful.

Results:

Responses were received from 1536 health professionals. A broader array of interventions were endorsed for depression than in 1996, including GPs, psychiatrists, psychologists, becoming more physically active, reading about people with similar problems and how they have dealt with them, psychotherapy, and cognitive behaviour therapy. For the schizophrenia vignettes, GPs, psychiatrists and antipsychotics were thought to be helpful by a majority of professionals. A variety of professionals, psychological treatments and lifestyle activities were endorsed for the anxiety disorders. Differences between professions were noted in beliefs about the helpfulness of antidepressants and counsellors for anxiety disorders and depression, as well as cognitive behaviour therapy for schizophrenia.

Conclusion:

Consensus across professions was reached on the helpfulness of a variety of interventions for each mental disorder, although there were some notable differences in beliefs. The study gives an updated overview of treatment beliefs for mental disorders by Australian health professionals, which can be used as a benchmark with which to compare the beliefs of the Australian public.
Segregation 2.0
Authors: Thompson Dorsey Dana N.
Published: May 2013

Students are more racially segregated in schools today than they were in the late 1960s and prior to the enforcement of court-ordered desegregation in school districts across the country. This special issue addresses the overarching theme of policies, practices, or roles and responsibilities of various stakeholders that may directly or indirectly contribute to this new generation of school segregation commonly known as resegregation. I begin this special issue with a brief discussion of the legal milieu that helped set the stage for resegregation and explain why collecting social science evidence may be useful in addressing the resegregation problem in schools.
Large-celled extruded foams with zero-ozone depletion potential for insulating billet applications
Authors: Fox Richard , Frankowski David , Alcott Jeff , Beaudoin Dan , Hood Lawrence
Published: May 2013

Phase out of specific refrigerant use within extruded polystyrene foam requires reformulation to meet ever-evolving regulatory considerations; elimination of hydrochlorofluorocarbon-based blowing agents is one such example. While this transition has been applied to insulation sheathing addressing the bulk of extruded polystyrene use, large-celled formulations intended for billet applications can differ considerably from these. Reformulation, however, cannot result in unacceptable changes which impact desired performance. Further, the differences inherent to hydrochlorofluorocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon blowing agents require additional attention around appropriate co-blowing agent and resin selection strategies. The unique approaches for large-celled foams to balance the often competing needs and relationships between material selection, processing conditions, expansion behavior and end-use properties are described. Large-celled hydrofluorocarbon-based foams with zero-ozone depletion potential that can perform in a manner consistent with hydrochlorofluorocarbon predecessors are demonstrated.