bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Jaszczolt Kasia M.
Published: June 2023

Understanding the human concept(s) of time straddles different disciplinary boundaries. This is a book for linguists and for philosophers—with the proviso that it aims at attracting both categories of readers (if indeed a boundary can be drawn) to both categories of papers. The introduction addresses a selection of dimensions along which human time is discussed in this book, including the experience of time passing, time and emotions, time and the ego, representation of time in different languages, time and grammar (grammatical tense, aspect, and modality), the concept(s) of time, human time and space-time, time and consciousness. The summaries of the chapters that follow are woven into different suggested roadmaps through the collection, pursuing the above threads.
Avertive/frustrative markers in Australian languages
Authors: Caudal Patrick
Published: June 2023

To this day, so-called avertivity (or frustrativity) remains a relatively understudied grammatical category. The chapter aims at providing a typological overview of avertive structures based on a sample of seventeen Australian Indigenous languages, from which several distinct developmental paths can be determined for avertive meanings in Australia. Its main linguistic contribution is to establish the existence of a recurrent cluster of overlapping irrealis past meanings in these languages, as well as the complex nature of avertive meanings—which combine a negative past event meaning with a past modal meaning. The chapter can also appeal to philosophers in that it demonstrates the existence of an ontological continuum between positive and negative events and illustrates how modality, as a subjective domain, can inform our perception and representation of the flow of events.
Does human time really flow?
Authors: Jaszczolt Kasia M.
Published: June 2023

The chapter presents an argument that human time is essentially static—when analysed on the level of conceptual building blocks, it does not flow. It only flows on the level of their culture- and language-specific combinations—an account that fits with the neo-Whorfian analysis of the relation between language and thought. The discussion makes use of a linguistic argument from tensed and tenseless languages where time is seen as reducible to epistemic modality; a philosophical argument to do with the indexing of time to the ego perspective on reality (‘metaindexicality’); and an anthropological argument to do with the not-fully-understood nature of beliefs about time (‘metarepresentation’, Sperber). It ends with proposing a contextualist-semantic formal representation of temporal reference. As such, it is a proposal of how to reconcile the B-theoretic (McTaggart) view of real time that does not flow with the apparently flowing time of human language and thought.
Creative-Destruction in China’s Electric Vehicle Industry
Authors: Thurbon Elizabeth , Kim Sung-Young , Tan Hao , Mathews John
Published: June 2023

In this chapter, we examine China’s push to promote Electric Vehicles (EVs) in the context of the state’s developmental-environmental orientation and its evolving ‘creative’ and ‘destructive’ ambitions and capabilities. We ask: (1) What has motivated the Chinese state to so ambitiously promote the creation of a national EV industry, with its particular focus on battery electric vehicles (BEVs)? (2) How have Chinese policymakers pursued their ‘creative’ ambitions? (3) Why has the government appeared more ambitious and active in ‘green car’ industry creation than in ‘dirty car’ industry destruction? (4) To what extent is this ‘creative-destructive’ misalignment now resolving? And (5) What factors are now driving this realignment, and what obstacles remain? We divide the case study into four parts, structured temporally. This allows us to demonstrate the varying degrees of alignment between the state’s ‘creative’ and ‘destructive’ ambitions and capabilities over time, and to anticipate the most likely future trajectory.
Drivers and Dynamics of Northeast Asia’s Green Energy Shift: A Comparative Strategic Analysis
Authors: Thurbon Elizabeth , Kim Sung-Young , Tan Hao , Mathews John
Published: June 2023

In this chapter we detail how the vision of developmental environmentalism translates into sets of policies directed towards different aspects of the green energy transition, notably with transport (electric vehicles) and industry (hyper-modernizing of the electric power grid). We review the cases elaborated in previous chapters, and analyse them in comparative strategic terms from three vantage points, viewing Developmental Environmentalism: 1) as a driving mindset or ambition for transformation; 2) as a political legitimation strategy; and 3) as providing a particular approach to sequencing policies involved in the green energy transition (GET). Our ultimate goal is to depict the green energy shift in Northeast Asia as an industrial evolution that is guided by Developmental-Environmental thinking and acting.
Introduction
Authors: Roller Matthew
Published: June 2023

This chapter sets the stage for the following chapters by Anna Dolganov and Luis Salas by considering aristocratic competition during the imperial period. How and by whom are arenas of competitive activity determined? Where does competition end and conflict begin? How does a would-be competitor enter an arena of competition? On what basis does a judging “third party” evaluate the performances it observes? To what extent do competitors seek to define or configure an arena of competition to their own advantage? How do winners, or losers, respond to the outcome? To what extent does victory (or defeat) in a given competition “spill over” into other competitions, such that the symbolic or cultural capital that a contestant gains or loses in one competition impacts his chances in an entirely different arena?
Law as Competitive Performance
Authors: Dolganov Anna
Published: June 2023

Forensic culture at Rome, with litigation often functioning as agonistic entertainment, is well known. The situation in the provinces, however, is less well understood, and this chapter seeks to tackle it. Evidence about Gaius Verres and the performance of justice in that governor’s Sicilian court suggests the sociopolitical importance attached to forensic activity among Roman colonial elites, and indicates that it was in line with cultural models imported from Rome. Then, careful analysis of papyrological evidence for imperial-age trials at the court of the Roman governor of Egypt reveals elite lawyers engaged in rhetorically skilled, and sometimes orchestrated, pleadings. Such lawyers, and their carefully crafted orations, served to facilitate the governor’s public judicial activity and thereby to dramatize his court as a theatre of Roman power and justice.
Medicine as Competitive Performance
Authors: Salas Luis Alejandro
Published: June 2023

This chapter addresses polemical and performative aspects of medical literature and practice, namely the role of dissection in medical confrontations and debates. It focuses on Galen’s use of dissection—both practiced and described—as a means of unmasking the ignorance of, and generally delegitimizing, his medical rivals, particularly those in the Erasistratean sect. The chapter goes through a series of case studies and shows that these anatomical episodes, while grounded in real-world performative competition, also serve to bolster Galen’s reputation through his literary deployment of them, which incorporates echoes from forensic oratory, comedic tropes, and satirical language. The agonistic norms of in-person competition thus seamlessly transfer to the literary realm.
Juristic Literature and the Law
Authors: Frier Bruce W.
Published: June 2023

This chapter asks a fundamental question: To what extent is it likely that the Roman jurists, in their rule-finding, may in some instances have been motivated less by purely pragmatic legal considerations than by an “extra-legal” desire to establish their individual superiority over their peers? On the basis of surviving evidence, it is impossible to answer this question decisively. But the question can be put obliquely: Were individual jurists ever led by their “juristic ambition” to take unreasonable legal positions, simply in order to demonstrate their superior intelligence and wit? That is, when the jurists disagreed on a point of law, how did they go about contending with one another? This chapter only raises the question and tries to examine it on the basis of one famous juristic controversy, namely, intervening cause in Aquilian liability.
Response
Authors: Uden James
Published: June 2023

This chapter responds to the previous contributions by Frier and Bubb, by suggesting that both chapters invite further questions about how the dynamics within disciplines were constructed by audiences outside of them, and how the perception of expertise could shift in different contexts and among different audiences. For example, Pliny criticizes the eminent jurist Javolenus Priscus for bad behavior during a literary soiree, with the result that Priscus is reduced from recognition as an ‘intellectual’ to the status of mere narrow legal ‘expert.’ A question arises: Was it possible for a person to be both master of a particular body of knowledge, and broadly cultivated as well? Could a person be both expert and intellectual? Aulus Gellius is mined for opinions about this, and with regard to the field of medicine. Ultimately, it would appear that whether any particular individual achieved those heights depended upon whom you asked.
Rhetoric in Medical Writing
Authors: Petit Caroline
Published: June 2023

This chapter explores the rhetoric inherent in medical writing of the Roman period. Instead of the utilitarian rhetoric of handbooks or the persuasive role of rhetoric in medical discourse, it addresses the less often considered question of the literary and artistic uses to which rhetoric was put in medical literature. The chapter begins by grounding the discussion in the situation from the classical period before focusing on the ways in which rhetoric, through its rise under the Roman Empire, helped shape later medical writing. It focuses extensively on rhetorical and literary aspects of Galen’s writing, but also gives significant weight to other medical voices of the imperial period, including Aretaeus and the pseudo-Galenic texts Theriac to Piso and Theriac to Pamphilianus. It closes with a brief consideration of the topic in post-Galenic medical texts.
Response
Authors: Bubb Claire , Howley Joseph
Published: June 2023

This chapter offers a conclusion to the rhetorical section of the volume, responding to the preceding chapters of Babusiaux and Petit. It considers the ways in which rhetoric, as a field, compares to the fields of law and medicine as juxtaposed in this volume, focusing particularly on the expert specialists of rhetoric and the ways in which their interaction with the same social context parallels and can enlighten the situation for doctors and lawyers. In doing so, it explores the mutual feedback among rhetoric, medicine, and law that ancient educational norms facilitated and also highlights the sometimes precarious situation of the expert in any of these fields in relation to broadly educated but non-specialist intellectuals.
Abolition and (De)colonization
Authors: Moore J. M.
Published: June 2023

This chapter argues that the criminal question, and the discipline of criminology, can only be decolonized by adopting an abolitionist praxis. Crime, the foundation of considerations of the criminal question, is a European concept that was (and is) central to its colonial project, whilst criminology’s key innovation, the discovery of the criminal Other, has its origin in the racial Other, central to European colonialism. This intimate link between colonialism and both the criminal question and criminology—a Gordian Knot—is so embedded that it cannot be decolonized by reform. Instead, a more radical approach, abolition, is required. Both decolonization and abolition require revolutionary changes to the social structure, breaking us free from existing power relations and developing new ways of living. Abolitionist praxis can sever the criminal question’s Gordian Knot and help to create Franz Fanon’s ‘something other’ that decolonization demands.
A Postcolonial Condition of Policing?
Authors: Waseem Zoha
Published: June 2023

State police forces in many postcolonial countries are notorious for militarized and informal policing practices. Recently, public resentment against these trends has enflamed civilian resistance to police brutality and state violence, as observed during the #EndSARS protests and the Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement. Simultaneously, decolonial and Southern perspectives in criminology are encouraging critical explorations of the legacies of policing and criminal justice. Speaking to these developments, this chapter comparatively explores postcolonial policing in Pakistan and Nigeria. It develops the notion of the ‘postcolonial condition of policing’ to capture how regime insecurity fosters reliance upon colonially designed policing structures within which professional and financial insecurities of officers enable punitive practices which in turn exacerbate public insecurity. This framework helps to explain the activism against state and policing institutions while contextualizing public policing in postcolonial environments.
Emancipatory Pathways or Postcolonial Pitfalls?
Authors: O’Reilly Conor
Published: June 2023

By navigating global policing mobilities through the Atlantic archipelago of Cape Verde, this chapter sheds new light on how colonial legacies intersect with contemporary policing of global insecurities. It articulates evolving subaltern roles within transnational policing to illuminate a more diverse cast of global cops than previously acknowledged. It charts how Cape Verdean policing actors are increasingly more than mere passive beneficiaries for foreign security expertise that flows unidirectionally from North to South but, rather, manifest increasing agency and ambition within regional and transnational policing arrangements. In so doing, Cape Verdean policing disrupts dominant Western-centric assumptions about the unilateral nature and direction of policing and security mobilities. Indeed, whilst ostensibly peripheral to the global policing web—and much neglected within policing scholarship—this chapter spotlights how policing in this West African archipelago is, in fact, highly integrated within transnational networks. It also brings into sharp focus both the postcolonial pitfalls, and the emancipatory pathways, that are furnished through subaltern engagement with the transnational policing community.
Criminal Questions, Colonial Hinterlands, Personal Experience
Authors: Earle Rod , Parmar Alpa , Phillips Coretta
Published: June 2023

This chapter considers the challenges and opportunities that a postcolonial practice might generate for analysis of offending, punishment, and desistance. It argues that there is methodological and theoretical merit in seeking to understand contemporary experiences of crime and offending through the lens of race and colonialism. While accepting that categorical or aetiological links between colonial dynamics and contemporary experiences of criminal justice may be hard to specify empirically, this chapter suggests that our understanding of the relationship between race and crime can be enriched by connecting personal biography, criminological analysis, and historical colonial experience. Specifically, Althusser’s ideas about symptomatic reading (Althusser and Balibar, 2009) are particularly valuable in the approach adopted here. Symptomatic reading is a strategy for interpreting the ‘latent content’ behind the ‘manifest content’ of a text, in this case, the authors’ research interviews. The approach outlined in this chapter suggests that if we want to appreciate the magnitude of race and racism in questions of crime, social order, and disorder, a simple or ‘innocent’ reading of the criminal question (Aliverti et al., 2021) is not enough. The specific contribution of this chapter, then, is to supplement and encourage diverse approaches to decolonizing criminology through revisiting empirical studies, developing teamwork, and collaborative analysis to better inform our understanding of otherwise obscured colonial dynamics.
Internal Displacement and the Law
Authors: Kälin Walter
Published: June 2023

This book examines the relevance of international human rights and humanitarian law, which underpins the UN Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Kampala Convention on the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa, for preventing displacement, protecting and assisting internally displaced persons (IDPs) during displacement, and finding durable solutions for them. These are highly relevant issues at a time when the world faces more than 60 million people displaced by armed conflict and disasters, and when climate change will trigger large-scale displacement in the future. The book’s analysis is embedded in and reflects the realities of internal displacement and the challenges faced by displaced individuals and communities, their hosts, governments, and international actors. In line with its human rights approach, the book promotes a narrative that, based on the concept of sovereignty as responsibility, emphasizes the primary responsibility of states to address the needs of IDPs and views them as citizens with rights and agency rather than as vulnerable beneficiaries of humanitarian action. The book concludes that the body of relevant law amounts to an emerging legal regime on internal displacement whose substantive norms are largely adequate, but which faces specific institutional challenges at domestic and international levels that weaken efforts to address the plight of IDPs.
Internal Displacement and the Role of Law
Authors: Kälin Walter
Published: June 2023

To what extent can law contribute to the more effective prevention, response, and resolution of internal displacement? And to what extent can this body of law be described as a legal regime on internal displacement? This chapter introduces these issues as the questions that this book attempts to answer. It furthermore describes internal displacement as a crisis of numbers, a human rights and humanitarian crisis, a crisis contributing to the fragility of affected countries and communities, and a crisis of response. It then defines internal displacement and identifies prevention, protection, and assistance during displacement, and the search for durable solutions as the elements of the displacement cycle. It also introduces the concept of internal displacement as a legal regime and describes its origins, in particular the role of Francis Deng, the first Representative of the UN Secretary-General on internal displacement. The chapter ends with an overview of the structure and content of the book.
Durable Solutions: The Concept
Authors: Kälin Walter
Published: June 2023

When does displacement end and when do internally displaced persons (IDPs) achieve a durable solution at locations of return, local integration, or settlement in another part of the country? This is the topic of this chapter. It explains how the 1998 UN Guiding Principles, the Kampala Convention, and the Framework on Durable Solutions of the UN’s Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) conceptualize durable solutions. It then discusses two approaches developed by regional human rights courts. One sees solutions as an inherent element of human rights guarantees, while the other identifies solutions as an element of the right to reparation. The next section analyses the right of IDPs to choose where to achieve a durable solution, the right to return, and the right to be informed and consulted on solutions. The remainder of the chapter discusses the elements that need to be in place for solutions to become sustainable.
Steering against Superbugs
Authors: Baekkeskov Erik , Munkholm Louise , Rubin Olivier
Published: June 2023

The chapter introduces the research agenda as well as elucidating the common themes and findings of the book. The book should be read as a pitch of ideas rooted in social sciences. Based on lessons learned from the different chapters, four perspectives for the future global governance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that could help effectively steer against superbugs are identified. The chapter argues first that global governance of AMR should rely on polycentrism, that is, a horizontal network of multiple and transboundary governing authorities capable of drawing on local knowledge, mutual monitoring, and peer learning. Secondly, there is a need for building new types of cross-sectoral coalitions to boost AMR-related policy-making and policy implementation. Thirdly, while global strategies against AMR are important, many of the book’s contributions agree that targeted actions are necessary for effective impact. Fourthly, the argument for shifting intervention focus away from individuals to the structures that drive their behaviour is presented. This chapter ends with a thematic summary of the book’s chapters.
Conceptualizing AMR as a Creeping Disaster in Terms of Pace and Space
Authors: Staupe-Delgado Reidar , Engström Alina , Andres Frugone Cádiz Sebastián
Published: June 2023

Traditionally defined, disasters are understood as relatively limited in duration, yet we also know that some disasters are of a creeping and indeed perpetual nature—their onsets do not proceed to advance. In theory, it should be easier to respond to such creeping disasters as a result of their slow build-up. In reality, however, swift responses to creeping disasters rarely materialize due to their perceived lack of acuteness, causing them instead to be left to accumulate slowly in the background—often irreversibly so—until they eventually escalate into full-blown emergencies. AMR reflects just such a phenomenon in that it lacks clearly definable temporal and spatial boundaries. It develops in the natural world and moves across the human, animal, and natural worlds, not limiting itself to sectors or national borders. Each attempt at stopping the creeping disaster simply prolongs it; new forms of antibiotics will eventually also be resisted due to mutations in bacteria. Occasional outbreak episodes invite attention and concern, only for the issue to fade again from the public view. Still, it is unclear how AMR fits into the disaster and crisis literatures. This chapter sets out to conceptualize AMR as a creeping disaster in terms of pace and space with the purpose of contributing to new insight into the nature of acuteness and perceived urgency. It thus not only contributes with a fresh look on AMR but it also contributes to new ways of understanding the complex phenomena of crisis and disaster.
Combatting AMR in the EU
Authors: Jensen Carsten Strøby
Published: June 2023

This chapter focuses on the European Union (EU) initiatives for combatting antimicrobial resistance. Over the past twenty years, the EU has been an active international player with regard to AMR. In the last ten years, it has intensified efforts to manage the problems caused by AMR. The EU has produced a number of action plans aimed at reducing the overall use (and abuse) of antimicrobials in both the human medical and livestock sectors. The agricultural sector accounts for about two-thirds of the EU’s total antimicrobial consumption, the remaining one-third within the human medical sector. However, there are major differences in the amount of antimicrobial consumption (and levels of AMR) among the EU Member States. The EU is the leading world region in terms of transnational cooperation. EU initiatives to manage consumption of antimicrobials and combat AMR are primarily embedded in the health policy area. However, EU health policy initiatives are limited by the fact that health policy is considered a policy area with national competence and only little transnational competence. This chapter identifies both the potentials and obstacles for EU becoming an important international political actor in combatting AMR.
Global Attention to Antimicrobial Resistance and Climate Change in the Era of Social Media
Authors: Zaman Ahmad Wesal
Published: June 2023

This chapter analyses the difference in social media attention of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and climate change. Despite many characteristic similarities between AMR and climate change, the latter has received much higher attention than AMR on social media. Relying on social media and digital methods using big data, combined with interviews and online material, the chapter highlights and explains the difference between the two cases. The chapter applies an iteratively developed conceptual framework, ‘the tripartite dimensions of social media attention’, to analyse the difference. This framework looks at three dimensions of social media engagement, namely, the origins of tweeter attention, the nature of tweets, and the nature of Twitter communities. The chapter finds that the AMR tweeter attention mainly originates from organizations such as World Health Organization (WHO) and the expert community, while climate change tweeter attention originates from much more complex and dispersed users. many of whom are non-expert individuals. The digital individual entrepreneurs of climate change communicate in a dramatic and aesthetic manner, while the AMR digital individual users are limited to scientific communications. The nature of communities of climate change and AMR differ in their ideological homogeneity and heterogeneity. While climate change communities are highly polarized, AMR communities are neither ideologically polarized nor in disagreement scientifically.
The Policy Context for Responses to Antimicrobial Resistance in India
Authors: Rajkhowa Arjun , Thursky Karin , Rajkhowa Kabir
Published: June 2023

The role of government-led stewardship of policy on the public health priority of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) control and mitigation has been explicitly recognized through international frameworks and action plans endorsed at multilateral and inter-governmental forums. India has been described in the biomedical literature as a key node in the global AMR crisis. This chapter examines the policy and governance context for AMR mitigation in India. Applying the analytical concepts of ‘sentinel’ and ‘actuarial’ frames in biopolitical discourses about AMR, the chapter highlights facets of the strategic framing of existing AMR policy and governance documents, and describes reported national initiatives as well as policy implementation challenges. It makes the case for qualitative research with stakeholders to identify contemporary challenges and opportunities in policy translation and communication of strategy in the AMR domain in India.
Challenges of Global Governance
Authors: Damodaran A.
Published: June 2023

Many world leaders and international organizations have expounded on the challenges of globalization. While a few leaders have shifted their perspectives from a cosmopolitan approach of ‘universal values’ and ‘world order’ to the more fundamental issue of addressing the requisites of national development, multilateral institutions like the UN and the World Bank have gone the other way—from international and national priorities to global concerns. The simple reality is that nation-states and local communities have, in some parts of the world, demonstrated that with good governance, it is possible to withstand the threats of globalization while optimizing on its advantages, namely, greater access to overseas capital and technologies. Lessons from the corporate world on ‘social responsibility’ hold valuable lessons for nation-states to improve their efforts to nurture social capital. The argument here is that circulation of elites, dis-intermediation, localization, and non-complexity form the key social enablers that help nation-states of the developing world to optimize their returns from globalization.
COVID-19 as Global Commons
Authors: Damodaran A.
Published: June 2023

This chapter surveys the origins of COVID-19 and discusses the constraints and limitations that the global community faced in managing the pandemic. The chapter argues that the most telling failure of global COVID management systems was the inability of international public organizations to comply with the maxims of equity and fairness when it came to providing vaccines to the poor countries of Africa and Asia and South America. In particular, the chapter focusses on the failure of COVID-19 vaccine distribution logistics and the resultant global social costs it engendered. The formation of a permanent Global Pandemic Management Fund is advocated which could be utilized to support the COVAX facility to procure vaccines and related life savings materials for poorer countries during pandemics. It is suggested that the proposed WHO Treaty on Pandemics should be free from the instrumentalism associated with other global commons accords, in order to be results oriented.
Seeking Connections
Authors: Barrett Janet Revell
Published: June 2023

Seeking Connections: An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Music Teaching and Learning emphasizes the relationship of music to closely related fields of study. The book’s central purpose is to illustrate the principle of permeability—that music influences, and is influenced by, other realms of knowing. Music educators who adopt an interdisciplinary perspective create educative experiences that encourage boundary-crossing explorations of music integrated with complementary realms of students’ lives. Interdisciplinarity in this sense is less about how school subjects are organized than it is about cultivating curiosity, imagination, and habits of mind for seeking connections and encouraging relational thinking. The perspective also seeks to foster the creation of meaning, creative and critical thinking, historical empathy, and teachers’ agency through integrating subject matter, pedagogy, and assessment toward these ends. Examples from settings ranging from elementary school through higher education portray curricular projects involving music, visual art, poetry, and history, and provide profiles of teachers and artists who embrace disciplinary and interdisciplinary aims in complementary ways. By highlighting the relationships of music to closely related areas of study, and by emphasizing fluidity and responsiveness in curriculum-making, music education may become better aligned with the lived experience of teachers and students, and with the dynamic presence of music in society at large.
Multidimensionality as a Springboard for Connections
Authors: Barrett Janet Revell
Published: June 2023

Musical works have long held as centerpieces of curriculum development, an assumption that has come under scrutiny through music education’s recent critique of the prominence of Western European Art Music that privileges Whiteness while silencing persons of color and other forms of expression. This chapter discusses these practices involving repertoires and their selection before suggesting that musical works can serve touchstones, catalysts, cases, or prompts for examining the histories and traditions that surround these works. A multidimensional exploration of a work, guided by the metaphor “a work of art is like a gem with many facets,” organizes this chapter. While describing the dimensions, or “facets,” of the model, this chapter illustrates its curricular potential through describing the origins, path of reception, elements, structure, texts, expressive qualities, and interpretive stances that attend an iconic anthem, “Lift Every Voice and Sing,” and its passage through Black cultural traditions and society at large.
The Musics of Our Time
Authors: Barrett Janet Revell
Published: June 2023

Contemporary repertoires are featured in this chapter, beginning with an imaginative work that draws from theoretical physics and postmodern theory. This unusual springboard sets up the premise for the chapter—that the universe of music keeps expanding, an expansion that might be better represented within the world of the music classroom. How should music educators think about what “the music of our time” encompasses? The notion of musical omnivores is introduced to stimulate thinking about the breadth of musical interests and expressions available for curricular consideration. A profile of a contemporary artist/musician/change agent conveys how musical creativity in what is often considered “new music” embraces boundary-crossing with new forms of expression, collaborators, and communities. “Stretching exercises” invite consideration of works that might be brought into classrooms to engage students in the study and performance of these contemporary expressions.
The Foundations of an Interdisciplinary Pedagogy
Authors: Barrett Janet Revell
Published: June 2023

Music teachers are equipped with pedagogical strategies to foster students’ skills in performance and to teach systems of Western musical notation. Approaches for teaching improvisation and composition are burgeoning, as are emerging frameworks for teaching popular music and music production. This chapter focuses on a relatively underexamined area of the field addressing how music teachers teach for connections and do so intentionally. Based in a pedagogy of mutuality, in which students and teachers engage in inquiry, interpretation, and creation, it suggests that “soft planning” enables responsiveness and flexibility to enable these forms of interaction. Selecting artistic works that lend themselves to multidimensional explorations, with a high “interdisciplinary quotient,” promotes strong connections to closely related fields. An example from a large-scale curriculum project using the metaphor of a dashboard portrays how disciplinary depth and interdisciplinary breadth prompts journeys of exploration and relational thinking.
Bridges of Inspiration
Authors: Barrett Janet Revell
Published: June 2023

Music and art are found in school settings as common curricular offerings available to students. Their interrelationships, however, are seldom examined in curricular experiences. After briefly tracing ways that the music curriculum has embraced art in the past, this chapter delves into the prodigious output and artistic curiosity of one artist, Paul Klee, who integrated music into his art making as well as his teaching. A three-part encounter with two of his works, Rose Garden and Highway and Byways, establishes this fertile melding. Klee’s paintings have also inspired many composers to create music for various types of musical groups. The pedagogical possibilities for crossing these bridges of inspiration are exemplified through one painting in particular, The Twittering Machine. A panoramic curriculum project provides multiple entry points for teachers to consider, including strategies for developing, expanding, reflecting, synthesizing, and assessing students’ responses. Flexibility is key here, as the curricular imagination and flexibility of teachers are encouraged.
Assessing the Strength of Connections
Authors: Barrett Janet Revell
Published: June 2023

Assessment is an ongoing concern for music teachers seeking to determine how curricular experiences promote students’ musical growth. Considerable confusion surrounds the mechanisms of assessment, and expectations for communicating evidence of student learning to those outside the classroom. This chapter encourages teachers to consider an alternative approach to these dilemmas, especially as it relates to their interdisciplinary perspectives. If connected ways of thinking are valued, teachers’ observations of students’ relational understanding should guide their practices as well. An explanatory model offers categories for focusing teachers’ attention on the types of relationships students form, the evidence they gather, and criteria for assessing the strength of connections. A second emphasis clarifies how multiple methods of assessment better align with multiple types of learning. Two examples of the close alignment of curriculum, instruction, and assessment in choral classrooms and professional development seminars situate these ideas in concrete instances of practice.
Instrument of the State
Authors: Harbert Benjamin J.
Published: June 2023

Angola Prison is the largest and one of the most notorious state prisons in the United States, built into a slave plantation that Louisiana bought in 1901. It has also been the most musically significant. Following a documentary film project, this book combines oral histories and extensive archival research to piece together an account of how prisoners and the administration have used music for more than 120 years. The book brings together well-known musicians who served time there, including Lead Belly, Charles Neville, and James Booker, as well as a litany of musicians who made significant contributions to the prison’s music scene only to die there or be unable to establish careers upon release. Instrument of the State: A Century of Music in Louisiana’s Angola Prison traces how musicians find small but essential freedoms by playing jazz, R&B, country, gospel, rock, and fusion. In doing so, the history expands folkloric definitions of “prison music.” The book considers the broader musicality of the prison as a way of understanding state power and the fragments of hope and joy that remain in its wake. Through many decades, music both clings to and resists the prison’s shifting and often conflicting missions: rehabilitation, slavery, and abandonment. The perspectives of incarcerated musicians reveal how music responds to violence, reform, prisoners’ rights, sensationalism, and power through the twentieth century. Instrument of the State is an indictment of the brutality of prison, its disproportionate effects on African Americans, and the desperate profiteering of a deliberately underfunded state agency.
Inflection
Authors: Harbert Benjamin J.
Published: June 2023

In the 1980s, prisoners’ rights efforts waned, but the music continued. Chapter 5 traces the years following prisoners’ rights gains. A wake of musical change followed dramatic changes of the mid-1970s when court decisions resulted in federal receivership. Accounting for the inflection of post–prisoners’ rights reveals how music maintained incremental gains and expressed the unevenness and failure to deliver reform. This chapter follows the bands that adapted to the desegregated prison: Time Factor, Def Posse, Megasound, and the Big River Band. It also shows the parallel development of Angola’s gospel scene, chronicling John Henry Taylor Jr.’s cultivation of R&B singers newly facing life sentences.
Recapitulation
Authors: Harbert Benjamin J.
Published: June 2023

Beginning in the 1990s, Angola’s music scene shifted toward sacred music, and the remaining music opportunities for secular musicians were consolidated into an expanded rodeo event. These changes resulted from a new warden, a statute that opened the door for outside evangelical groups, and a more substantial financial reliance on tourism. Chapter 6 picks up my visits to the prison from 2008 to 2016, offering a recapitulation of all five themes of the preceding chapters. The chapter argues that music is still astonishing, associative, political, part of prison surfaces, and inflected toward desperate goals and promises. This final chapter aims to show how these historical perspectives of the prison illuminate current practices. The chapter describes the music of gospel musicians, the rodeo band, a banjo maker, and the secular musicians’ band room.
Brain Injury and Recovery Models within a Biopsychosocial Framework
Authors: Murdaugh Donna L. , O’Toole Kathleen M. , King Tricia Z.
Published: June 2023

This chapter introduces a brain injury and recovery model that supports the theoretical framework for which C-READY was developed. Illustrations are provided about the level of skill acquisition at the time of injury and how the level impacts the development of skills. Cognitive and brain reserve constructs within a dynamic model of outcomes across the lifespan are discussed. The crucial biopsychosocial context of the individual is emphasized and combines the complementary Bronfenbrenner Bioecological Systems Theory and Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs to provide a robust theoretical model for highlighting the intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of cognitive development. The chapter emphasizes the complex and dynamic interplay of risk and resiliencies in neurodevelopment that includes timing of the injury or condition with neurological, cognitive, social-emotional, and family and community risks, barriers, and resources.
Transition of Care
Authors: Murdaugh Donna L. , O’Toole Kathleen M. , King Tricia Z.
Published: June 2023

This chapter highlights important intrinsic and extrinsic factors that occur from early adolescence to emerging adulthood that affect brain development and subsequent cognitive outcome. Common challenges and areas of concern that need to be considered when developing a personalized transition-of-care plan are discussed. Emphasis is on the crucial components of ongoing assessment and dynamic collaboration among the pediatric health care providers, along with the youth and family, to develop an interactive plan, to implement and document the plan, and to adapt the plan to optimize independence over time. Adult health care providers are encouraged to become familiar with conditions previously only thought relevant to pediatric health care providers in preparation for youth transitioning to adult care.
Epilogue
Authors: Brendese P.J.
Published: June 2023

The epilogue engages the question of whether the appropriate response to segregated time is a politics and theory oriented toward an integrated time. In view of the trappings of white time as defining what it means to be co-eval and co-present in the first place, I am skeptical of temporal integration as a panacea. Relatedly, scholarly affirmations of temporal sovereignty as a mode of contesting dominant temporal orders also strike me as misguided. It would be a mistake to map the ownership of control of space associated with territorial sovereignty onto time. The epilogue explores these shortcomings in order to make time for orienting ourselves toward times we do not have, and relational modes of inhabiting time otherwise.
Screening the Posthuman
Authors: Molloy Missy , Duncan Pansy , Henry Claire
Published: June 2023

From artificial intelligence (AI) to climate change, recent technological, ecological, cultural, and social transformations have unsettled established assumptions about the relationship between the human and the more-than-human world. Screening the Posthuman addresses a heterogenous body of twenty-first-century films that turn to the figure of the “posthuman” as a means of exploring this development. Through close analyses of films as diverse as Air Doll (dir. Hirokazu Koreeda, 2009), Woman at War (dir. Benedikt Erlingsson, 2018) and Fast Color (dir. Julia Hart, 2018), the book shows that, while often identified as the remit of science fiction, the “posthuman on screen” crosses filmic genres, national contexts, and industrial settings. In the process, posthuman cinema emphasizes humanity’s entanglement in broader biological, technological, and social worlds, and exposes new models of subjectivity, politics, community, relationality, and desire. In advancing these arguments, Screening the Posthuman draws on scholarship associated with critical posthumanist theory—an ongoing project unified by a decentering of the figure of the “human” and driven by critics such as Donna Haraway, Rosi Braidotti, Cary Wolfe, N. Katherine Hayles, and Stacy Alaimo. As the first systematic, full-length application of this body of scholarship to cinema, the book advocates for a rigorous posthumanist critique that avoids both humanist nostalgia and transhumanist fantasy in its attention to the excitements and anxieties of posthuman existence.
Envisioning Posthuman Apocalypse
Authors: Molloy Missy
Published: June 2023

Cinematic visions of possible futures run the gamut from pessimistic speculations of technological innovation to comparatively optimistic representations of posthuman experience. With this variety in mind, Chapter 2 spotlights films featuring apocalyptic or post-apocalyptic scenarios to delineate posthuman takes on cataclysmic change to life on earth. The pervasiveness of apocalyptic representations in the twenty-first century highlights the timeliness of this category of cinema, as well as contemporary filmmakers’ tendencies to merely tease human extinction to generate suspense, rather than to challenge core humanistic values. Case study films—including Lynette Wallworth’s Collisions (2016), Julia Hart’s Fast Color (2018), and Jeff Nichols’s Take Shelter (2011)—illustrate forms of posthuman critique that expose alternative modes of human and nonhuman earthly habitation. Drawing on the scholarship of Susan Sontag, Evan Calder Williams, Neil Badmington, and Sarah Keller, the second chapter argues that posthuman disaster cinema depicts catastrophe as rooted in historical traumas and as already well underway, rather than imminent. This cinema also delivers a wake-up call regarding humanity’s precarity and the need to take the politics of the posthuman condition to task.
From Cyborg Theory to Posthuman Mothers
Authors: Molloy Missy
Published: June 2023

Chapter 3 traces feminist and materialist developments in posthuman theory—from Donna Haraway’s groundbreaking cyborg figure through the influential works of scholars including N. Katherine Hayles and Rosi Braidotti—to analyze depictions of women cyborgs in twenty-first-century cinema. It foregrounds the cinematic use of women cyborgs as vehicles for exploring posthuman embodiment and the erosion of humanism’s silo of human from nonhuman, object from subject, and organism from machine. It also argues that while women cyborgs provide ample opportunities to assess posthumanism’s undermining of fundamental humanistic binaries, they also demonstrate the persistent appeal of humanistic and transhumanist cinematic elements, which are particularly conspicuous in cyborg characterizations that lean on classical strategies of objectifying women on-screen. The films these cyborgs appear in—including Under the Skin (Jonathan Glazer, 2013), Celle que vous croyez/Who You Think I Am (Safy Nebbou 2019), and The Congress (Ari Folman, 2013)—underscore the overwhelming ambivalence of the posthuman in contemporary narrative cinema, especially in representations of posthuman mothers.
Union Density in the Unregulated Period (1900–1934)
Authors: Stepan-Norris Judith
Published: June 2023

This chapter examines union dynamics during the unregulated period, 1900 to 1934. It begins with three accounts of union organizing during this period with varying outcomes: minimal, moderate, and highly successful unionization attempts in eleven different industries. It provides an overview of the broader political, legal, and economic context of the period, along with industry level variation in employment, occupation, and race and gender demographics. It considers union strategies for organizing, including the tensions between craft and industrial organizing along with the use of strikes. It also examines various employer strategies for dis-organizing unions, including organizing employer associations, using anti-union agents, and deskilling. It concludes by showing which factors and strategies contributed to different levels of union density by industry within this context.