bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Drosophila Atg9 autofágia gén szerepe az aktin citoszkeleton szabályozásában
Authors: Kiss Viktória
Published: May 2022

Vizsgálataink során a Drosophila Atg9 génjének szerepére fókuszáltunk. Előállítottuk az Atg9 génre null mutáns muslicatörzset (Atg9B5) CRISPR/Cas9 technológia alkalmazásával. Drosophila-ban az Atg9 hiánya az autofágia mutánsokra jellemző fenotípusokon túl a nőstények jelentősen csökkent termékenységét okozta. A nőstények által lerakott peték jelentős része kisebb, ún. „dumpless” pete volt, melynek hátterében az ivarvonal sejtekben működő aktin sejtváz hibáját sejtettük. Sejtésünket megerősítette, hogy az Atg9 a dajkasejtekben a membránba benyomódó aktin kábelek végeinél volt jelen. Ezekből a megfigyelésből kiindulva igazoltuk, hogy az Atg9 genetikai kölcsönhatásban áll az aktin kábelek szabályozásában részt vevő két szabályozó génnel, az ena-val és a chic-kel. Az aktin szabályozás a különböző sejttípusokban, de fajok között is konzerváltan működik, valamint az Atg9 is egy konzervált gén, ez magyarázatot adhat, hogy az Atg9 aktin-szabályozó hatása a csírasejteken túl, az idegrendszer fejlődésében is kimutatható volt. Eredményeink felvetik a lehetőségét, hogy az Atg9 más organizmusokban, például emlősökben szintén szerepet játszhat a sejtváz kialakulásában, illetve stabilizálásában.
Applications of deep learning in single-cell analysis
Authors: Hollandi Réka
Published: May 2022

Egy mélytanulás alapú, annotálásra, tanításra és egysejt elemzésre alkalmas teljes munkafolyamatot mutatunk be ebben a disszertációban. Leírjuk, hogyan lehet megfelelően nagy méretű és megbízható minőségű annotált adathalmazokat könnyedén és gyorsan készíteni a javasolt mélytanulás alapú módszerrel, és ez az adat hogyan használható magas pontosságú szegmentáló hálózatok tanítására. Egy ilyen szegmentáló módszert is javaslunk, amely mélytanulás technikákat alkalmaz, többek közt a valódi mikroszkópos képekhez erősen hasonlító szintetikus képek automatikus generálását, így robusztus és nagyon pontos egysejt szegmentálás érhető el. A módszer képes ún. ground truth annotálások nélkül új képi modalitásokhoz alkalmazkodni. A bemutatott módszereket számos kutatási projektben alkalmazzuk.
RAD18-dependent Activation of FAN1 by Ub-PCNA to Rescue DNA Interstrand crosslinks along with TLS Pol η
Authors: Li Qiuzhen
Published: May 2022

Tanulmányaink során bebizonyítottuk, hogy a FAN1 fehérjét a Rad18 DNS-hibatolerancia útvonal szabályozza in vivo, és koloklizál az ubiquitilált PCNA-vel. In vitro kísérleti rendszerekkel bemutattuk, hogy a PCNA, illetve az ubiquitilált PCNA fokozza a FAN1 endonukleáz aktivitását. Továbbá bebizonyítottuk, hogy a PIP-box, illetve az UBZ doménjai interkcióba léptnek az ubiquitilált PCNA-vel. Azt is kimutattuk, hogy a FAN1 endonukleáz aktivitásának specificitása megváltozott a PCNA hatására. A PCNA ugyanis képes pozícionálni a FAN1-et, hogy egy adott régióban hasítson (4 nukleotiddal a replikációs villa elágazási pontja után) egy 5’ túlnyúló véget tartalmazó szubsztráton, így elősegítve a DNS-szálak között létrejött keresztkötések javítását. Továbbá összehasonlítottuk három transzléziós polimeráz (pol η, pol ι, and pol κ) működését a DNS-szálak közötti keresztkötéseken. A pol η az egyetlen transzléziós polimeráz, amely képes áthaladni a hibás szakaszon. Sejttúlélési vizsgálatokkal bebizonyítottuk a FAN1 és a pol η episztázisát, és azt, hogy a FAN1 és a pol η funkcionális interakciót mutat cisplatin kezelést követően. Összefoglalásként kijelenthetjük, hogy a jelenlegi eredményeink arra utalnak, hogy a FAN1 nem csak a Fanconi anemia útvonalban játszik szerepet, de részt vesz a RAD18-függő DNS-hibatrolerancia útvonalakban is az elakadt replikációs villa menekítése során. Ezáltal egy új modellt állítottunk fel a működésére: A DNS-szálak között létrejött keresztkötések során az FAN1 nukleáz ubiquitilált PCNA-függő módon kihurkolja a DNS kettős spirálban létrejött kovalens keresztkötést. Ez a kihurkolt szerkezet fog szubsztrátként szolgálni Pol η számára a transzéziós szintézis során, így menekítve az elakadt replikációs villát. A FAN1 lehet az összekötőkapocs a két útvonal között a sejtciklus különböző fázisaiban. Az általunk felállított modell jelentős tudományos betekintést ad a DNS-szálak között létrejött kovalens keresztkötések javításába, és részéleteiben vizsgálja azokat.
Efflux pump inhibitors and potential adjuvants to reverse multidrug resistance in bacteria and tumor cells
Authors: Nové Márta
Published: May 2022

A multidrog rezisztencia (MDR) aggasztó probléma az egészségügyben a mikrobiális fertőzések, valamint a rák tekintetében. Mind a bakteriális, mind a rákos sejtek különböző mechanizmusokkal képesek gyógyszerrezisztenssé válni. Az egyik legfontosabb jelenség az MDR efflux pumpák túlzott expressziója, amelyek képesek a káros anyagokat eltávolítani a sejtekből. Ezeknek a membrán transzportereknek a gátlása ígéretes megközelítés lehet az MDR leküzdésére. Az MDR visszafordítása érdekében új szintetikus efflux pumpa inhibítorokat lehetne megtervezni, vagy „régi” gyógyszereket újra felhasználni és adjuvánsként alkalmazni. Először megvizsgáltuk a Gram-negatív E. coli K-12 AG100 törzs stresszválaszát savas pH-n (pH 5) és semleges pH-n (pH 7) a jól ismert fenotiazin típusú efflux pumpa gátló prometazin (PMZ) jelenlétében. A PMZ gátló hatását valós idejű etídium-bromid akkumulációval határoztuk meg, továbbá kvantitatív PCR (qPCR) reakcióval vizsgáltuk az AcrAB-TolC efflux rendszert szabályozó és a pumpát kódoló géneket. Az eredményeink alapján elmondható, hogy a savas pH és a PMZ kezelés szignifikáns stresszreakciót váltott ki a baktériumban. Az efflux pumpa aktivitását szabályozó genetikai rendszer pH-függést mutatott. Második célként szimmetrikus metilketon (Se-K1, -2, -3), metiloxikarbonil (Se-E1, -2, -3) és metilciano (Se- C1, -2, -3) szelenoésztereket vizsgáltunk Salmonella Typhimurium és Staphylococcus aureus törzseken. Meghatároztuk az antibakteriális hatásukat, az efflux pumpa gátló aktivitásukat, az anti-biofilm és a quorum-sensing (QS) gátló hatásukat, valamint a rezisztenciát módosító hatásukat antibiotikumok (tetraciklin és ciprofloxacin) jelenlétében. A szimmetrikus szelenoészterek erős antibakteriális és anti-biofilm aktivitást mutattak, főleg S. aureus törzsekkel szemben. A metiloxikarbonil szelenoészterek (Se-E2, -3) szignifikáns pumpa gátló aktivitást mutattak a pumpa mutáns S. Typhimurium és S. aureus törzsekben, továbbá erős QSgátló hatást figyeltünk meg Se-E1 esetében. Harmadik célunk a fenotiazinok és a rákellenes szelénvegyületek kombinációjának vizsgálata volt MDR rákos sejteken. Rákellenes Sevegyületek (EDA1-11), négy referencia szelénvegyület és három fenotiazin (prometazin, klórpromazin, tioridazin) kombinációját vizsgáltuk MDR egér T-lymphoma sejteken. Két szimmetrikus szelenoészter (EDA2 és EDA5) szinergista kölcsönhatást mutatott mind a három fenotiazinnal. A legerősebb szinergizmust az EDA2 és a tioridazin kombinációja esetén tapasztaltuk. Mindezeket figyelembe véve a fenotiazinok adjuvánsként alkalmazhatók lehetnek a gyógyszer újrapozicionálási megközelítés szerint a rákterápiában. Eredményeink alapján a szelénvegyületek értékes új efflux pumpa gátló vegyületek lehetnek az effluxhoz kapcsolódó MDR leküzdésében mind a baktériumok, mind a rákos sejtek esetén.
Práticas de leitura e escrita de professoras em contextos de ensino semipresencial: novas maneiras de viver e estar na profissão docente
Authors: Oliveira Bueno Belmira , Scaravelli Arnoldi Eliana
Published: May 2022

Este artigo trata da formação de professoras de Ensino Fundamental I e suas relações com a leitura e a escrita. Tem como objetivo proble-matizar o uso das tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC) na formação docente, baseado nas teorias da história cultural (Chartier) e da sociologia da cultura (Bourdieu e Lahire). Por meio de observações diretas, entrevistas e análise documental, as pesqui-sas já realizadas examinam as formas de (re)apropriação das práticas de leitura e escrita que ocorrem no âmbito de um programa de licenciatura semipresencial desenvolvido no estado de São Paulo (Brasil). A investigação em curso busca compreender e indagar sobre as relações que as professoras estabelecem com tais práticas quando elas próprias são aprendizes, focalizando as estratégias que utilizam para lidar tanto com o suporte impres-so quanto com o eletrônico, bem como seus caminhos de socialização escolar e profissio-nal e o capital cultural adquirido
Estrategias metacognitivas aplicadas en la escritura y comprensión lectora en el desarrollo de los trabajos de grado
Authors: Chirinos Molero Nuris Margarita
Published: May 2022

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo describir las estrategias metacognitivas aplicadas en la escritura y comprensión lectora de los estudiantes del posgrado de Universidad Nacional Experimental "Rafael María Baralt" (UNERMB) en el desarrollo del trabajo de grado. Se fundamentó en la psicología cognoscitiva y las teorías constructivistas de Piaget puesto que el sujeto interactúa con el objeto del conocimiento. La metodología fue de tipo descriptiva. Conformada por una población de 128 estudiantes del Programa de la Maestría Docencia para Educación Superior; la muestra fue de carácter intencional con 27 estudiantes en total. Se aplicó un cuestionario tipo escala Licker. Los resultados demostraron que estos estudiantes poseen un alto nivel metacognitivo, en cuanto a la meta-atención, metacom-prensión, metamemoria y metalenguaje, sobre la escritura y comprensión lectora durante el desarrollo de los trabajos de grado. Lo que llevó a concluir que este grupo de estudiantes presentan fortalezas en la disciplina del desarrollo metacognitivo.
Nuevas tecnologías y educación geográfica: el reto actual
Authors: Herrera Ávila Dany Luz
Published: May 2022

El presente artículo pretende mostrar cómo la incorporación de las TIC en la educación, en especial en el área de Ciencias Sociales, caso especifico de la Geografía, se convierte en un recurso didáctico invaluable para la enseñanza de conceptos y la adquisición de competencias necesarias en el área antes mencionada. Se inicia el artículo destacando los defectos más notorios en la enseñanza de la Geografía, luego se señala la importancia del uso de las TIC como recurso didáctico que contribuirá a la superación de dichos problemas y por último se presenta una experiencia pedagógica en el Colegio Alemán de Barranquilla que muestra cómo la implementación de estas nuevas tecnologías, facilita el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, permitiéndole a los estudiantes la obtención de habilidades básicas para la comprensión de las dinámicas espaciales.
Seguir escribiendo… seguir aprendiendo: la escritura de textos académicos en el nivel universitario
Authors: Aguilera María Soledad , Boatto Yanina Elizabet
Published: May 2022

La producción de textos académicos implica competencias discursivas y comunicativas y procesos cognitivos específicos, ante los cuales los estudiantes universitarios suelen presentar dificultades. Asimismo, dichas dificultades se ven reforzadas desde la enseñanza, ya que generalmente no se orienta a los alumnos durante los procesos de escritura. En este artículo nos proponemos recuperar aportes teóricos sobre la producción de textos académicos y, a partir de la reflexión sobre nuestra experiencia docente, brindar algunas orientaciones para su enseñanza. Concretamente, nuestras sugerencias se focalizan en que los estudiantes puedan desarrollar tareas de escritura atendiendo al tipo de texto que se les solicita, la explicación y fundamentación de los objetivos de aprendizaje, las metas personales de la escritura y la explicitación de los procesos implicados. Aspectos que deberían desarrollarse en el marco de un trabajo colaborativo entre pares y docente.
La interpretación de la caricatura política: un asunto de cultura política
Authors: Méndez Rendón Juan Camilo
Published: May 2022

Este artículo de investigación tiene como propósito describir la forma como un grupo de estudiantes universitarios interpretan la caricatura política. Para este efecto, el texto se divide en dos partes: la primera es la interpretación modelo de una muestra del Palacito Presidencial (PP), caricatura característica de Vladdo, que se publica en la revista Semana cada domingo. Para hacerlo nos hemos basado en la Teoría del acto ilocutivo de Austin (1962), que refiere la intención comunicativa de un hablan te, y en el Análisis Crítico del Discurso (ACD), que postula todos los escenarios de poder que se solapan tras los discursos socialmente establecidos. Seguidamente, hemos propuesto a un grupo de estudiantes universitarios, que cursan la Licenciatura en Humanidades y Lengua Castellana, que hagan una interpretación individual de esa misma muestra. Al comparar las interpretaciones hechas por los estudiantes, se encontró con que no es suficiente con ir a la universidad para adquirir cultura política. Esta es una labor que parte de una disposición de autonomía del sujeto, que puede verse complementada con la academia. Queda demostrada la importancia de la competencia interpretativa en un mundo predominantemente informativo, donde el discurso reproduce sistemas de pensamiento e influye de forma determinante en las representaciones sociales de las personas.
Una experiencia de acompañamiento en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la lectura y la escritura en educación media
Authors: Toloza Helda , Barletta Norma , Moreno Francisco
Published: May 2022

Este estudio corresponde a la segunda fase de un proyecto iniciado en 2009, cuyos propósitos fueron analizar el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la lectura y la escritura en las clases de lengua materna en un colegio oficial del Caribe colombiano y diseñar y evaluar un acompañamiento tendiente a la superación de las dificultades identificadas. Aquí reportamos los resultados de un proceso, cuyo propósito fue incidir de manera positiva en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de la lectura y la escritura mediante una teoría socio constructivista y una pedagogía basada en géneros. La metodología del proyecto corresponde a la investigación acción participación. Los datos se recolectaron mediante observaciones de clase y entrevistas a la profesora, complementadas con reflexiones conjuntas. Los resultados mostraron que un enfoque de enseñanza basado en géneros es una buena opción para aplicar en colegios con deficiencias en lectura y escritura y que es necesario acompañar a los profesores en su práctica para lograr transformaciones significativas.
Management of Severe Localized Periodontal Destruction Associated with A Cemental Defect: A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, nikmadihah@ukm.edu.my, Madihah Nik Azis Nik , Mohd Nurulhuda ,   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, nurulhuda.mohd@ukm.edu.my
Published: May 2022

This case involved the management of a possible cemental tear, which resulted in poor response to nonsurgical periodontal therapy. This case was managed by exploratory surgery, along with the intention to surgically reduce the periodontal pocket. Exploratory surgery revealed a localized cemental defect. The periodontium healed with pocket closure after exploratory surgery and open-flap debridement. The difficulty in clinically diagnosing a localized periodontal destruction and the lack of consensus on managing these cases were highlighted. The possibility of an undiagnosed cemental defect in a tooth with localized periodontitis should be considered in cases not responding to periodontal therapy.
Cardiovascular responses to high‐intensity stair climbing in individuals with coronary artery disease
Authors: Valentino Sydney E. , Dunford Emily C. , Dubberley Jonathan , Lonn Eva M. , Gibala Martin J. , Phillips Stuart M. , MacDonald Maureen J.
Published: May 2022

Exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation leads to improvements in cardiovascular function in individuals with coronary artery disease. The cardiac effects of coronary artery disease (CAD) can be quantified using clinical echocardiographic measures, such as ejection fraction (EF). Measures of cardiovascular function typically only used in research settings can provide additional information and maybe more sensitive indices to assess changes after exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation. These additional measures include endothelial function (measured by flow‐mediated dilation), left ventricular twist, myocardial performance index, and global longitudinal strain. To investigate the cardiovascular response to 12 week of either traditional moderate‐intensity (TRAD) or stair climbing‐based high‐intensity interval (STAIR) exercise‐based cardiac rehabilitation using both clinical and additional measures of cardiovascular function in individuals with CAD. Measurements were made at baseline (BL) and after supervised (4wk) and unsupervised (12 week) of training. This study was registered as a clinical trial at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03235674). Participants were randomized into either TRAD (n = 9, 8M/1F) and STAIR (n = 9, 8M/1F). There was a training‐associated increase in one component of left ventricular twist: Cardiac apical rotation (TRAD: BL: 5.6 ± 3.3º, 4 week: 8.0 ± 3.9º, 12 week: 6.2 ± 5.1º and STAIR: BL: 5.1 ± 3.6º, 4 week: 7.4 ± 3.9º, 12 week: 7.8 ± 2.8º, p (time) = 0.03, η2 = 0.20; main effect) and post‐hoc analysis revealed a difference between BL and 4 week (p = 0.02). There were no changes in any other clinical or additional measures of cardiovascular function. The small increase in cardiac apical rotation observed after 4 weeks of training may indicate an early change in cardiac function. A larger overall training stimulus may be needed to elicit other cardiovascular function changes.
Hearing parents learning American Sign Language with their deaf children: a mixed-methods survey
Authors: Lieberman Amy M. , Mitchiner Julie , Pontecorvo Elana
Published: May 2022

Hearing parents with deaf children face difficult decisions about what language(s) to use with their child. Sign languages such as American Sign Language (ASL) are fully accessible to deaf children, yet most hearing parents are not proficient in ASL prior to having a deaf child. Parents are often discouraged from learning ASL based in part on an assumption that it will be too difficult, yet there is little evidence supporting this claim. In this mixed-methods study, we surveyed hearing parents of deaf children (n = 100) who had learned ASL to learn more about their experiences. In their survey responses, parents identified a range of resources that supported their ASL learning as well as frequent barriers. Parents identified strongly with belief statements indicating the importance of ASL and affirmed that learning ASL is attainable for hearing parents. We discuss the implications of this study for parents who are considering ASL as a language choice and for the professionals who guide them.
Translanguaging in self-praise on Chinese social media
Authors: Ren Wei , Guo Yaping
Published: May 2022

Self-praise is very common on social media, and various translanguaging strategies are often used by internet users in online communication. Most of the existing studies on self-praise have centered on strategies for self-praise, ignoring the multimodal communication styles involved. On the other hand, although translanguaging has attracted significant research attention in linguistics and multilingual education, few studies have explored translanguaging in a specific speech act. Therefore, this study investigates the translanguaging practices involved in self-praising in Chinese netizens’ social media by analyzing 300 Chinese microblog posts containing self-praise. The results indicate that there are three major categories of translanguaging strategies in self-praise in microblogs, namely multimodal, multilingual and multi-semiotic resources, with various sub-strategies involved in each category. The study also discusses the possible factors motivating Chinese netizens to deploy translanguaging practices to self-praise on social media. This study contributes to the body of research on translanguaging pragmatics in social media communication.
Recent reviews on bio-waste materials for corrosion protection of metals
Authors: Kandikonda Lavanya , Jagadeesan Saranya , Subbiah Ram , Zarrouk Abdelkader
Published: May 2022

The present paper is aimed to review the efficiency of eco-friendly, natural and cheap bio-waste materials as corrosion inhibitors on metal surfaces in different corrosive media. Various bio-waste materials are the best substitutes for the synthetic organic, inorganic and polymeric inhibitors. Most of the bio-waste material adsorbed on the metal surface in aqueous medium followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The presence of organic constituents in bio-waste materials is responsible for the protection of metals in aggressive medium. The effectiveness of these bio-waste materials to inhibit metal corrosion is well studied by non-electrochemical methods like weight loss and atomic absorption spectroscopy techniques as well as electrochemical methods like polarization and impedance measurements. Surface studies were studied through SEM, EDS, XRD, AFM and XPS techniques. Computational studies using DFT and MDS were also reported.
Novel periodic and optical soliton solutions for Davey–Stewartson system by generalized Jacobi elliptic expansion method
Authors: Gaballah Mahmoud , El-Shiekh Rehab M. , Akinyemi Lanre , Rezazadeh Hadi
Published: May 2022

As Davey–Stewartson system is considered one of the most important models in optics, quantum physics, plasmas, and Bose–Einstein condensates. In this study, we have solved the Davey–Stewartson system using a modified Jacobi elliptic function methodology, and therefore many novel Jacobi elliptic wave function solutions were obtained, which degenerated to hypergeometric functions and periodic functions. The results obtained in this paper are novel in addition, contain other results achieved before in literatures. Moreover, some dynamic behavior for the periodic, kink type, and soliton wave propagation is demonstrated.
The effects of topical iodine containing antiseptics on thyroidal status and early neurodevelopment of preterm infants
Authors: Jiang Xiaofan , Li Tianxiao , Xie Ruijin , Mei Huiya , Sun Renjuan , Xi Yuxiu , Chen Xiaoyu , Cui Ying , Zhao Jinling , Liu Yueying
Published: May 2022

Objectives

The goal of this study was to determine the quality of these disinfectants’ effects on thyroid function and neurological scores in premature newborns aged 28 to 36 gestational weeks (GW).

Methods

This cohort study was conducted from October 2020 to September 2021 among 28–36 GW preterm infants at the neonatal care unit of Jiangnan University Hospital. We divided this 12 month period into two consecutive 6 month periods. Composite iodine disinfectants and alcohol are used for skin and umbilical cord disinfection of preterm infants, respectively. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), thyroid hormone levels, and neonatal behavioral and neurological assessment (NBNA) scores were determined in both groups.

Results

A total of 126 patients were included in the study, 65 in the iodine exposed group and 61 in the alcohol group. The second UIC and the incidence of serum T4≤5 μg/dL and TSH≥10 mIU/L in the iodine exposed group were significantly higher than those in the alcohol group (p<0.05). The first NBNA score was lower in the iodine exposed group than in the alcohol group (p<0.05). However, whether it has clinical significance remains to be explored. There was a linear relationship between the two NBNA scores (iodine exposure group, R
2=0.344; alcohol group, R
2=0.227). No sepsis or other adverse outcomes occurred in the two groups of preterm infants after disinfection with different disinfectants.

Conclusions

Iodine-containing disinfectants seem to have the potential to cause an increased rate of thyroid dysfunction and a decreased neurological score and should be evaluated in further studies.
Rejection of trace organic compounds by membrane processes: mechanisms, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Mahlangu Oranso T. , Motsa Machawe M. , Nkambule Thabo I. , Mamba Bhekie B.
Published: May 2022

This work critically reviews the application of various membrane separation processes (MSPs) in treating water polluted with trace organic compounds (TOrCs) paying attention to nanofiltration (NF), reverse osmosis (RO), membrane bioreactor (MBR), forward osmosis (FO), and membrane distillation (MD). Furthermore, the focus is on loopholes that exist when investigating mechanisms through which membranes reject/retain TOrCs, with the emphasis on the characteristics of the model TOrCs which would facilitate the identification of all the potential mechanisms of rejection. An explanation is also given as to why it is important to investigate rejection using real water samples, especially when aiming for industrial application of membranes with novel materials. MSPs such as NF and RO are prone to fouling which often leads to lower permeate flux and solute rejection, presumably due to cake-enhanced concentration polarisation (CECP) effects. This review demonstrates why CECP effects are not always the reason behind the observed decline in the rejection of TOrCs by fouled membranes. To mitigate for fouling, researchers have often modified the membrane surfaces by incorporating nanoparticles. This review also attempts to explain why nano-engineered membranes have not seen a breakthrough at industrial scale. Finally, insight is provided into the possibility of harnessing solar and wind energy to drive energy intensive MSPs. Focus is also paid into how low-grade energy could be stored and applied to recover diluted draw solutions in FO mode.
Retinoic acid, RARs and early development
Authors: Berenguer Marie , Duester Gregg
Published: May 2022

Vitamin A (retinol) is an important nutrient for embryonic development and adult health. Early studies identified retinoic acid (RA) as a metabolite of retinol, however, its importance was not apparent. Later, it was observed that RA treatment of vertebrate embryos had teratogenic effects on limb development. Subsequently, the discovery of nuclear RA receptors (RARs) revealed that RA controls gene expression directly at the transcriptional level through a process referred to as RA signaling. This important discovery led to further studies demonstrating that RA and RARs are required for normal embryonic development. The determination of RA function during normal development has been challenging as RA gain-of-function studies often lead to conclusions about normal development that conflict with RAR or RA loss-of-function studies. However, genetic loss-of-function studies have identified direct target genes of endogenous RA/RAR that are required for normal development of specific tissues. Thus, genetic loss-of-function studies that eliminate RARs or RA-generating enzymes have been instrumental in revealing that RA signaling is required for normal early development of many organs and tissues, including the hindbrain, posterior body axis, somites, spinal cord, forelimbs, heart, and eye.
Messianic fragments of the Book Amos LXX in their eschatological context
Authors: Veviurko Il'ia
Published: May 2022

In the book of the prophet Amos of the Septuagint there are two explicitly Messianic fragments, the first of which mentions the «anointed one» (Am 4:13), and the second «tabernacle of David» along with eschatological events associated with it (Am 9:11-12). However, other ancient versions of the Bible do not support the Septuagint (except for those dependent on it), which leads many researchers to look at the old Greek reading in Am 4:13 as a simple mistake of the translator or his misinterpretation of the original meaning of the text. At the same time, it cannot be said that in terms of interpretation, Masoretic reading provides more for understanding the book as a whole than that presented in the Septuagint. On the contrary, the use of structural analysis, which allows us to explore Am 4:13 by LXX in the context of parallel places within the book and its general eschatological storyline, creates a more coherent and clear picture associated with the archetypical confrontation of the «house of Jeroboam» and the «house of David» as embodiments of the sinful and righteous sides of Israel. The revelation of the «anointed one» in this regard turns out to be what heralds the end of the «house of Jeroboam» and opens up the prospect of judgment on Israel, but also its salvation in an eschatological perspective. The article consists of four main parts. The first of them examines the features of the Book of the Prophet Amos according to the Septuagint version as a translation, which allow us to draw preliminary conclusions about what may be the probable causes of discrepancies between the Hebrew and Greek texts. In the second part, the two Messianic fragments are analyzed mainly by their lexical composition, an analysis of specific discrepancies is carried out and ways of their interpretation are outlined. The third part is devoted to the explication of the eschatological line of the book. The fourth part establishes the place of the Messianic fragments and the parallel fragment Am 7:1-9 in the context of the eschatological content of this prophetic book as a whole.
“The man of heavenly disposition”. Kant’s philosophy of religiion and Jesus of the Gospels
Authors: Sudakov Andrey
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this article is an analysis of Kant’s view upon the momentous historical phaenomenon of Jesus Christ, his birth, his teachings and his suffering on the cross, in the light of Kant’s ethics and philosophical theology. The German philosopher conceives Jesus’ life as an experience of embodied “archetype of moral perfection”, and accordingly evaluates traditional theological concepts about Jesus with regard to the extent in which they can purely and fully express the underlying ideal of reason. Kant can therefore include the idea of an immaculate birth of a sinless creature, as a practical symbol, into the creed of the religion of reason, although this same idea as a theoretical notion immerses the reason in scholastical speculation. Kant sees the core substance of moral religion as preached by Jesus represented in the commandments of love towards God and our fellowmen. In the specific precepts of the Evangelical morals the philosopher emphasizes the shift of accent in Jesus’ doctrine from the purposiveness of external conduct towards the inner disposition. For a sacrifice of worldly satisfactions for the sake of a pure life Jesus opens a prospect of a prize in heaven: and yet, according to Kant, different from the man who fulfills his duty for duty’s sake. The “steward” from the Gospel parable acts legally, but not morally. Nevertheless is his disposition so widely spread that Kant may identify the path of external churchism with the “broad way”, while the path of good conduct is the “narrow way”; it is however essentially important that, for Kant, for all possible rigor of demands on the “narrow way”, the correct vision of the essential way of God-worship (the disposition of moral religiosity) does not exclude wandering along the “broad way”. Jesus, according to Kant, gives an example through his suffering and his death: suffering serves as a “touchstone” of moral disposition. In the same way as the archetype of holiness has with his holy will overcome his suffering which, for him, was not punishment for a crime, so one following his lead has practical faith in the ideal of perfection, if he is capable of liberating himself from the empirical logic of punishment and remuneration, and obeys the rule of duty in its full extent as an unconditional norm. The image of the Cross becomes thus apparent in the focus point of Kantian moral religion, just as it stays in the focus point of early Protestant piety. There remains merely a question about what happened after the Cross.
Comparison between the Effectiveness Fecal Immunochemical Test and Colonoscopy As A Tool For Colorectal Cancer Early Detection
Authors: Andila Yossi , Rudiman Reno , Purnama Andriana
Published: May 2022

Cancer is a disease that causes a lot of misery and death in humans. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015, there are 8.8 million deaths caused by cancer and colorectal cancer ranked third with 774,000 deaths. One of the prevention effort for colorectal cancer is early detection in the population, especially in high-risk groups and in groups with non-specific symptoms. In general, two types of early detection tests are available: stool-based testing and structural testing. Fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is one type of examination that is categorized as the tool-based test. Meanwhile, the structural test include colonoscopy, CT colonography and flexible sigmoidoscopy. This study aimed to determine difference in the effectiveness of FIT against colonoscopy as an early detection tool for colorectal cancer. This study was a cross-sectional comparative diagnostic analytical observational study to compare FIT to colonoscopy for early detection of colorectal cancer. This study involved patients presented to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia. Analysis of diagnostic test data was carried out to obtain the sensitivity, specificity, and the positive and negative predictive values through the use of bivariate analysis in the form of Man Whitney test. Thirty-eight patients were included in this study, consisting of 27 cancer patients and 11 non-cancer patients. Results showed that the sensitivity level of FIT was 81.5%, with 72.7% specificity. There is no significant difference in the effectiveness between FIT and colonoscopy in screening for colorectal cancer.
Spontaneous magnetization and electroweak phase transition in the scalar sector of 2HDM
Authors: Minaiev P.
Published: May 2022

We discuss theoretical and phenomenological aspects of the two­-Higgs­-doublet extensions of the Standard model. In modern notation the h2HDM is the model with mh = 125.26 GeV, where the lightest neutral scalar particle in 2HDM is the usual Higgs boson in Standard Model.
The parametric space of this model is very rich and admits many scenarios of New Physics’ phenomenol­ogy.The many restrictions and conditions should be satisfied. One of them is the Sakharov’s conditions for the formation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe in models with extra scalar fields. We try to show that we can satisfy them in the h2HDM and find the region of parametric space where the electroweak phase transition is first order. The Sakharov’s conditions are not satisfied in Standard Model but it is fundamental problem of modeling the Universe, so the searching of New physics this way is relevant.
Correlations in superradiance of a two-dimensional system
Authors: Lyagushyn S. F.
Published: May 2022

The process of cooperative spontaneous emission in a system of two-level emitters interacting via electromagnetic field is analyzed using the Bogolyubov reduced description method, which provides the possibility of studying the state of the generated field. Field macrostates are described with electric and magnetic field amplitudes and binary correlation functions of their components. Since the previously obtained set of differential equations describing the Dicke system evolution with considering field correlations is very cumbersome, we must find some way of simplifying the model to make it accessible for numerical modeling. The general picture of correlation development can be elucidated with using one- and two-dimensional models. The paper presents the set of evolution equations for Dicke system with fixed orientation of dipole moments of emitters forming a two-dimensional structure. The material equations and equilibrium correlations are discussed. The transition to the Cauchy problem for ordinary differential equations is proposed.
The effect of cooling rate on structure and corrosion resistance of Fe5CrCuNiMnSi and Fe5CоCuNiMnSi high-entropy alloys
Authors: Kushnerov O. I. , Bashev V. F. , Polonskyy V. A.
Published: May 2022

The structure, phase composition, electrochemical behavior, and corrosion resistance of high-entropy alloys Fe5CrCuNiMnSi and Fe5CоCuNiMnSi in as-cast and splat-quenched states were studied. A cooling rate estimated by splat-quenched film thickness was ~ 106 K/s. Selecting the components of the studied alloys was carried out basing on the criteria adopted in the literature for the composition of a high-entropy alloy such as calculations of the entropy and enthalpy of mixing, valence electron concentrations as well as the difference between the atomic radii of the components. Using X-ray diffraction analysis, the phase composition and crystal lattice parameters of the investigated high-entropy alloys were determined. It was established that the as-cast Fe5CоCuNiMnSi alloy is a solid solution with a face-centered cubic lattice, while the as-cast Fe5CrCuNiMnSi alloy contains two solid solutions with a face-centered and solid solution with body-centered cubic lattices. However, both spalt-quenched high-entropy alloys were solid solutions with a face-centered cubic lattice. The values of stationary potentials and areas of electrochemical stability of alloys as well as the density of corrosion currents were determined. It was shown that samples of the Fe5CrCuNiMnSi alloy behaved inertly in corrosion tests both in as-cast and in splat-quenched states.
Increase in ionic conductivity in the nanocrystalline phase NaBi(MoO4)2:Gd3+
Authors: Sal Bilal Abu , Hamam Khalil J. , Moiseyenko V. M. , Ohiienko O. V. , Derhachov M. P.
Published: May 2022

Nanocomposite based on synthetic opal soaked with the NaBi(MO4)2:Gd3+ melt was characterized by X-ray diffraction patterns and Raman spectroscopy technique. Crystalline state of the substance inside opal pores was proved for the composite. The angular positions and intensities of reflections in X-ray diffractograms were different for nanocrystals compared to the crystal. Raman spectrum of opal – NaBi(MoO4)2 :Gd3+ was not essentially changed compared to that of the single crystal, except for a shift of some Raman bands. The total conductivity of nanocrystals was measured in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 1MHz and temperature range from 290 K to 473 K. Impedance hodographs (Nyquist plots) for nanocomposite were plotted. The energy of activation of conductivity and the nature of its frequency dependence were determined. Hopping conduction mechanism was established. The comparison of the temperature dependence with theory made it possible to estimate the average size of nanocrystals in opal pores.
Features of the crystal structure of ZnO:Mn nanocrystals obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
Authors: Kovalenko O. V. , Vorovsky V. Yu. , Makarov V. O. , Plakhtii Ye. G.
Published: May 2022

Samples of ZnO and ZnO:Mn nanocrystals with Mn 2 and 4 at.% impurity concentrations obtained by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis were studied by X-ray diffraction. It was determined that the reflexes of the X-ray diffractions of the samples had a shift relative to the standard position towards large diffraction angles. This indicated the nonequilibrium state of the crystal lattice, which caused the appearance of strain stresses. Debye–Scherrer and Williamson–Hall methods were used to calculate the parameters of the crystal lattice, the size of nanocrystals, and strain stresses with different concentrations of Mn. When the concentration of Mn increased to 4 at.%, there was an increase in strain stresses in nanocrystals by 10 times in comparison with undoped ZnO. The unit cell volume of ZnO:Mn nanocrystals was significantly smaller in comparison with single-crystal ZnO, which indicated that they had their intrinsic defects.
Localization of plane wave expansion using the method of quasisolution searching
Authors: Andreev M. V. , Borulko V. F. , Drobakhin O. O. , Saltykov D. Yu.
Published: May 2022

The localization of the plane wave expansion is considered for the analysis of wave beam transformations on transversely inhomogeneous structures. To implement compact localization in the spatial domain, it is proposed to use a system of non-intersecting rectangular windows. Problems of discrete realization of local plane wave expansion are analyzed. An algorithm for the numerical implementation of the localization of the plane wave expansion based on the quasisolution search method is proposed. Its advantage over the algorithm based on the discrete Fourier transform is demonstrated. The efficiency of its use has been demonstrated by the example of analyzing the wave beam reflection from the secondary aperture with transverse inhomogeneity.
Optimization of synthetic aperture approach to radioimage processing with help of the Prony’s method
Authors: Drobakhin O. O. , Olevskyi O. V.
Published: May 2022

Application of the Prony’s method with segmented approach to radioimage analysis is researched. Measuring system with a horn antenna is considered. An optimal geometry of the horn antenna for implementation of Fourier-holography in frequency-time domain is estimated with the help of a big perfect reflector model. The mathematical model of the structure with reflector is constructed and used for initial verification of the method. The model is constructed with the help of the transmission line theory. The Prony’s method is then applied to estimation of distances to the points of radioimages constructed with the help of a computer model of an antenna. Distances on the image of a conductive strip obtained by aperture synthesis are estimated with the help of the method. It is found that estimated distance tends to increase with the increase of the lateral distance from the axis of the antenna. This result agrees with the fact that antenna radiates a non-plain wave. It is important for the aperture synthesis calibration procedure with help of the conductive strip.
A rusticidade do milho crioulo pode lhe proteger da influência alelopática de Stachytarpheta cayennensis (LC. Rich.) Vahl.?
Authors: Cristiane Brekowiec Kremer Teli , Adriano Felito Ricardo , Mitsuo Yamashita Oscar , Maltezo da Rocha Adriano , Cristina Teixeira Ferreira Cãndido Aureane , Camillo de Carvalho Marco Antonio , Vieira da Silva Ivone
Published: May 2022

Há tempos que se tem conhecimento da importância da alelopatia como mecanismo ecológico de interação entre espécies, que pode afetar os organismos que interagem em determinados ambientes. Entretanto, há necessidade de aprofundar o conhecimento de como as espécies domesticadas foram perdendo a capacidade de adaptar à presença de aleloquímicos em seu entorno. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a germinação e o desenvolvimento inicial de sementes e plântulas de milho crioulo e híbrido na presença de aleloquímicos de Stachytarpheta cayennensis. As sementes de ambas as variedades foram colocadas para germinar sob substrato (vermiculita) umedecido com doses crescentes dessa planta daninha. Acompanhou-se a germinação e o desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas e percebeu-se que, mesmo havendo capacidade do milho híbrido em germinar e crescer nessa condição, a variedade crioula demonstrou ser mais tolerante ao aumento das concentrações do extrato de S. cayennensis.
Palavras-chave: Gervão; Zea mays L.; alelopatia; germinação.
Quem é a mais bonita?
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Francisca Cordelia , Dos Santos Camilo Rodrigo , Azevedo Rodrigues Gisele
Published: May 2022

RESUMO
Este estudo analisa a forma como moda e beleza são representadas em duas edições da revista Estilo de Vida (InStyle) publicadas em dois diferentes anos, tendo como objetivo a representação e a representatividade da mulher negra. Para isso, analisamos as capas e fizemos um estudo do seu conteúdo com o fito de verificar quais representações são escolhidas para compor as edições. O estudo se ancora teórica e metodologicamente na Análise de Discurso Crítica - ADC) em uma abordagem de linguística textualmente orientada, cujo foco é a análise de uma prática social em particular. Esperamos, como resultados, contribuir para estudos que tenham como objetivo a análise de racismo e antirracismo.
Palavras-chave: Discurso; representação; beleza.
3D printing of surgical staples
Authors: Al-Takhayneh Osama , Warren Holly , in het Panhuis Marc
Published: May 2022

In this work, CAD design and additive manufacturing (3D printing) are used to fabricate surgical staples. The staples were analysed on their mechanical robustness according to ASTM standard F564-17 which involved the in-house design, prototyping and fabrication (using 3D printing) of specialized grips and extension blocks. Our results indicated that staples 3D printed using carbon fibre reinforced nylon 6 (CF-PA6) exhibited a strength value of 37 ± 3 MPa coupled with an implantation-suitable ductility value of 26 ± 4%. The mechanical robustness of CF-PA6 staples subjected to immersion in simulated body fluid resulted in a reduction in stiffness and strength of 40% and 70% over 5 weeks, respectively. The carbon fibre nylon composite staples were able to handle a load of 15 kg and 5 kg prior and following immersion in simulated body fluid, respectively.

Graphical abstract
Mirsky, Yehudah. 2021. Towards the Mystical Experience of Modernity: The Making of Rav Kook, 1865–1904.
Authors: Simms Norman
Published: May 2022

Mirsky, Yehudah. 2021. Towards the Mystical Experience of Modernity: The Making of Rav Kook, 1865–1904. Boston, MA: Academic Studies Press. xix + 392 pp. ISBN: 978-1618119551. US$30.99 (pbk).
Assessing Anxiety and Depression: A Comparison of National Health Interview Survey Measures
Authors: Zablotsky Benjamin , Weeks Julie , Emily Terlizzi , Madans Jennifer , Blumberg Stephen
Published: May 2022

This report describes differences across two sets of questions used to assess anxiety and depression in the National Health Interview Survey.
THE INFLUENCE OF REGENERATIVE TECHNOLOGIES ON RECOVERY PROCESSES IN LEG AFTER TRAUMATIC ISCHEMIA (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)
Authors: Pidlisetsky Andriy , Dolhopolov Oleksii , Savosko Serhii , Makarenko Olexandr
Published: May 2022

Post-traumatic muscle ischemia results from severe injury and can lead to muscle dysfunction. Therefore, patient management and treatment are very significant in all periods of injury. New methods are performed, especially using regenerative technologies to avoid complications and improve long-term outcomes. Objective. To determine histological changes in the muscles of the injured limb after traumatic ischemia after injection of platelet-rich plasma,Bone marrow stem cell concentrate (BMAC), and Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) prepared from adipose tissue on the 5, 15, and 30 days. Material and methods. Experiments were conducted on rabbits (Chinchilla breed). A tourniquet imposed on a lower limb, from the middle third of the thigh to the ankle joint. After 6 hours, the tourniquet was removed. The animals were divided into four groups: control, platelet-rich plasma, bone marrow stem cell concentrate, and stromal vascular fraction prepared from adipose tissue — histological muscle changes provided by Tescan Mira 3 LMU (Czech Republic) in scanning transmission electron microscopy. Results. On the 5th day after the experiment were no significant histological changes in muscles but in the contrary on the 15 days after experiment in BMAC and SVF groups detected new muscle fibers formation in necrotic areas and myonucleus organization. On the 30th day new angiogenesis was detected around muscle fibers. Platelet-rich plasma group characterized by massive connective tissue formation in necrotic areas. Conclusions. Necrosis and progressive muscle hypotrophy are unavoidably for this type of injury. It was shown that BMAC and SVF could stimulate regeneration and angiogenesis.