bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Design Thinking Mindset: An Assessment of What We Know and What We See in Practice
Authors: Schweitzer Jochen , Groeger Lars , Sobel Leanne
Published: March 2016

We review the design and management literature to identify and define key components of a design thinking mindset and report initial findings from fifteen in-depth interviews with innovation managers, who reflect on their practices while implementing design thinking in their organizations. Our study confirms a set of commonly understood and applied mindsets, but also reveals organizational constraints on translating cognition into behaviour. We argue that further mapping of design thinking mindsets and linking them to leadership theory provides a suitable point of departure for the study of design thinking and its role for innovation.
ANÁLISE DOS COBENEFÍCIOS EM PROL DO DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL DOS PROJETOS BRASILEIROS DE TROCA DE COMBUSTÍVEL: UM ESTUDO DE CASO DA DORI ALIMENTOS
Authors: Paiva Danielle Soares , Góes Maria de Fátima Barbosa , Andrade José Célio Silveira
Published: March 2016

Este estudo apresenta resultados parciais de uma pesquisa que tem por objetivo analisar os cobenefícios em prol do desenvolvimento sustentável dos projetos de troca de combustível, cujos créditos são negociados no mercado voluntário de carbono brasileiro. Para tanto, os Documentos de Concepção dos Projetos (DCP) foram analisados utilizando uma matriz analítica que tomou por base estudos da United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 2012) sobre cobenefícios do mercado regulado de carbono. Além dos DCPs, outros documentos que apoiaram na concepção dos projetos foram buscados. Assim, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, de caráter exploratório, além de um estudo de caso ilustrativo da empresa Dori Alimentos. Os resultados indicam que dos projetos de mudança de combustível decorrem dois cobenefícios principais: desenvolvimento ou difusão local da tecnologia e da preservação dos recursos naturais, ficando os demais relegados a segundo plano. Conclui-se que os projetos de troca de combustível são pobres em cobenefícios, acompanhando o comportamento do cenário internacional e nacional para os mercados regulado e voluntário de carbono.
Epidemiology of oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus from cell phones of health-care workers in Ekiti State
Authors: Oluwole Olusola , David Oluwole , Owolabi Ayomide
Published: March 2016

The use of mobile phones in the clinical environment by health-care workers has become widespread. A swab of mobile phones of health-care personnel of several hospitals in Ekiti State were examined to evaluate the prevalence of Oxacillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (ORSA), the resistance of ORSA to other commonly used antibiotics as well as the multiple resistant patterns of the recovered isolates. A total of 106 samples were screened yielding 100 S. aureus isolates. The antibiotics sensitivity profile to nine commonly used antibiotics revealed high levels of resistance amongst the isolates ranging from 47% resistance to Chloramphenicol to 100% resistance exhibited to cloxacillin with 55% of the isolates showed resistance to oxacillin while all isolates exhibited multiple resistance. Also, all 55 ORSA exhibited 100% resistance to erythromycin and cloxacillin but interestingly were very sensitive (99.9%) to gentamycin. The high recovery rate of bacteria from mobile phones revealed that cell phones may have notable roles in the transmission of multidrug resistant nosocomial pathogens, increasing the risk of cross-contamination posed to immunosuppressed patients by the heath care workers attending to them.
Physical Examination Has Been Paid Less Attention to Compared to Diagnostic Imaging: from a Bibliometric Analysis of PubMed
Authors: Mizuno Atsushi , Kawai Fujimi , Shimizu Taro
Published: March 2016

Physical examination is still needed in this modern era in spite of the recent development of advanced imaging modalities. However, not only clinicians but also researchers (including clinical researchers) seem to pay less attention to physical examination as a research topic. A PubMed search revealed that instead of an increasing percentage of diagnostic imaging articles, there were decreasing percentages of physical examination articles, especially in Japan. We should reconsider physical examinations as an important research topic, which might be especially interesting for general internal medicine doctors.
Mini Nutritional Assessment Short‐Form (MNA‐SF) Predicts Clinical Outcomes: Cohort Study of Small‐Sized Hospital in Japan
Authors: Sato Kenta
Published: March 2016

Background: Among the elderly, the rate of complications resulting from malnutrition is high. A mini nutritional assessment short‐form (MNA‐SF) was confirmed overseas to identify malnutrition and predict clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the MNA‐SF usefulness in Japanese small‐sized hospital.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted on hospitalized patients at small‐sized hospital, Department of General Internal Medicine which has 30 beds. All consecutive hospitalized patients for 4 months were included. A MNA‐SF assessment on admission was implemented as exposure factor. Primary outcomes included death and complications such as infectious disease, organ failure, delirium, falls, diagnosis of malignancy and poor oral intake. Secondary outcomes including days of hospitalization and discharge rate back to home were also measured.

Results: 177 patients were analyzed with the MNA‐SF assessment. Twenty‐three (13%) patients were “normal nutritional status”, 64 (36%) were “at risk” and 90 (51%) were “malnourished”. The mortality rate was 0, 1.4 and 6.9 cases/1000 person‐day (incidence ratio 4.9 times), respectively. The complications incidence rate was 0, 18 and 30.1 cases/1000 person‐day (incidence ratio 1.7 times), respectively. The number of days in hospital were 11.1, 14.0 and 21.6 days (p < 0.01), respectively. The discharge to home rate was 90.4, 84.4 and 53.3% (p < 0.01), respectively.

Conclusions: Among all patients on a Japanese general medicine ward, those with poor nourishment assessed by the MNA‐SF showed a high death rate and complication incidence rate. And they are also proved to be difficult to early discharge from the hospital back to the patient's homes.
Im physikalischen Verdichtungslabor: Wie Sprache das Denken und Handeln im Siedlungsbau beeinflusst
Authors: Caviola Hugo , Kläy Andreas , Weiss Hans
Published: March 2016

This article provides evidence from the Swiss context that the prevailing discourse of urban densification within the field of urban development is largely metaphorical in nature. It is dominated in particular by metaphors from the field of physics. As a result, aesthetic, social and
ecological aspects are systematically downplayed or transformed into physical perspectives. Discourse analysis helps to make transparent diffuse fears of densification and the ecological deficits associated with densification policies. The article presents alternatives to physical framing
and shows how reflecting on language can enrich sustainable urban development.
Nachhaltigkeitskompetenzen in der Lehre an den Allianz-Universitäten
Authors: Lindenthal Thomas , Bohunovsky Lisa
Published: March 2016

Kompetenzen, die Universitätsabsolvent(inn)en im Bereich nachhaltige Entwicklung aufwei sen sollen, sind vielfältig und erfordern spezifische inhaltliche sowie didaktische Ausrichtun gen in der universitären Lehre. Diese werden seit einigen Jahren international und auch
in der Allianz Nachhaltige Universitäten in Österreich verstärkt diskutiert. Wir stellen Inhalte dieser Diskussion und Bezüge zu den österreichischen Universitäten dar.
Eine große Transformation der Schweiz: Auf Bewährtes setzen und mit Neuem experimentieren
Authors: Zingerli Claudia , Kueffer Christoph
Published: March 2016

Die saguf-Jahrestagung 2015 widmete sich den Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer großen gesellschaftlichen Transformation hin zu einer nachhaltigen Schweiz. Auf etliche Errungenschaften kann aufgebaut werden. Experimente und Neuorientierungen sind dennoch nötig.
Climate Change as a Transformation Challenge. A New Climate Policy Paradigm?
Authors: Hermwille Lukas
Published: March 2016

The Paris Agreement marks a milestone in international climate policy. Though, the positive appraisal was not unanimous. This article will argue that the Paris Agreement embraces a new paradigm. Climate change is no longer seen as a clear-cut environmental problem, nor
as a developmental issue, but as a challenge to fundamentally transform global societies. While criticism through the lens of the former paradigms is worthwhile, the Paris Agreement should be acknowledged as a pacemaker for the transformation processes that lay ahead of us.
The analysis of the relationship between personality traits of extreme athletes and sports consumption motives
Authors: Ceylan Merve , Altıparmak Ersin , Akçakoyun Fahri
Published: March 2016

This research was conducted in order to analyse the relationship between personality traits and sports consumption motives. In line with this purpose, 227 extreme athletes (86 were sportsmen and 141 were sportswomen), which were competitors in sports branches of snowboarding, snow kiting, kitesurfing, windsurfing, kayak, mountain biking, Free-diving, paragliding, rock climbing and rafting, were selected through the method of judgement sampling. Questionnaires were conducted between 1 February- 31 December 2013 at extreme sports facilities in the provinces and districts of Muğla/Marmaris-Fethiye-Bodrum-Gökova, Antalya/Alanya-Kemer, İzmir/Alaçatı-Çeşme, Bursa/ Uludağ, Bolu/ Kartalkaya. In this study, “Extreme Sport Consumption Scale” (ESCS) that was developed by Şimşek (2010) and short version (with 85 articles) of “Five Factor Personality Inventory” (FFPI), which was developed by Somer, Korkmaz and Tatar (2004) were employed in order to collect data.The results of the study produced significant findings concerning the relationship between personality traits and  their sports consumption motives. The most significant of them all showed that sports consumption motives to a certain extent coincide with personality traits. The assessment of the relationship between ESCS and FFPI according to the gender factor revealed that for female participants, there were negative correlations between physical fitness and extraversion; values, socialisation, seeking for excitement-adventure and docility and letting off stress and self-control (p<.05). For male participants, positive correlations were observed between letting off stress, behavioural intentions and extraversion (p<.05).
Governing in a trust deficit
Authors: Peters Michael David
Published: March 2016

A key component in the exchange relationship between government and business in modern liberal democracies is the level of public trust that each institution enjoys. However, trust does not affect both equally. A fall in trust for government is likely to diminish a government's policy discretion much more than an equivalent fall in trust for business will diminish a business actor's capacity to make profit or shape public policy. In addition, there are good reasons to believe that government will tend to find it more difficult than business to maintain trust from its stakeholders, or to recover it when lost. In this paper, I insert a role for public trust dynamics into Lindblom's theory of the structural power of business. I then return to the debate in this journal on business power and the 2010 Australian mining tax I show that the existing accounts omit the role of trust in the conflict and as a result “discover” much more incompetence from the Australian government than really existed.
A comparative study of the PIFA and printed monopole antenna EM absorption
Authors: Hossain Md Ikbal , Iqbal Faruque Mohammad Rashed , Islam Mohammad Tariqul
Published: March 2016

This paper represents a comparative study on electromagnetic (EM) absorption in the human head between a printed monopole antenna and a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA). The specific absorption rate (SAR) values and total absorbed power in the human head phantom are used to evaluate EM absorption for both antennae. Moreover, antenna performances in terms of return loss, radiation efficiency, and gain are also investigated in this study. The finite integration technique (FIT) based on CST Microwave studio and SAM head phantom are used in this study. The antenna performances are measured in an anechoic chamber and the SAR is tested using COMOSAR measurement system. The obtained results indicate that the printed monopole antenna lead to higher EM absorption in the human head as compared to PIFA for both GSM frequencies.
Trapezoid type inequalities for complex functions defined on the unit circle with applications for unitary operators in Hilbert spaces
Authors: Dragomir Sever S.
Published: March 2016

Some trapezoid type inequalities for the Riemann–Stieltjes integral of continuous complex-valued integrands defined on the complex unit circle

𝒞
(
0
,
1
)

${\mathcal {C}(0,1)}$

and various subclasses of integrators of bounded variation are given. Natural applications for functions of unitary operators in Hilbert spaces are provided.
A Refutation of the Lewis-Stalnaker Analysis of Counterfactuals
Authors: Arvan Marcus
Published: March 2016

The standard philosophical analysis of counterfactual conditionals – the Lewis-Stalnaker analysis – analyzes the truth-conditions of counterfactuals in terms of nearby possible worlds. This paper demonstrates that this analysis is false. Section 1 shows that it is a serious epistemic and metaphysical possibility that our “world” is a massive computer simulation, and that if the Lewis-Stalnaker analysis of counterfactuals is correct, then it should extend seamlessly to the case that our world is a computer simulation, in the form of a possible-simulation semantics. Section 2 then shows that a Lewis-Stalnaker-style possible-simulation semantics clearly fails as an analysis of the truth-conditions of counterfactuals in two types of simulated worlds: Humean Simulations and Necessitarian simulations. Section 3 then considers and answers several objections. Finally, Section 4 draws several skeptical lessons about counterfactuals.
New Hippocampal Neurons Mature Rapidly in Response to Ketamine But Are Not Required for Its Acute Antidepressant Effects on Neophagia in Rats
Authors: Soumier Amelie , Carter Rayna M. , Schoenfeld Timothy J. , Cameron Heather A.
Published: March 2016

Virtually all antidepressant agents increase the birth of granule neurons in the adult dentate gyrus in rodents, providing a key basis for the neurogenesis hypothesis of antidepressant action. The novel antidepressant ketamine, however, shows antidepressant activity in humans within hours, far too rapid for a mechanism involving neuronal birth. Ketamine could potentially act more rapidly by enhancing maturation of new neurons born weeks earlier. To test this possibility, we assessed the effects of S-ketamine (S-(+)-ketamine hydrochloride) injection on maturation, as well as birth and survival, of new dentate gyrus granule neurons in rats, using the immediate-early gene zif268, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and BrdU, respectively. We show that S-ketamine has rapid effects on new neurons, increasing the proportion of functionally mature young granule neurons within 2 h. A single injection of S-ketamine also increased cell proliferation and functional maturation, and decreased depressive-like behavior, for at least 4 weeks in rats treated with long-term corticosterone administration (a depression model) and controls. However, the behavioral effects of S-ketamine on neophagia were unaffected by elimination of adult neurogenesis. Together, these results indicate that ketamine has surprisingly rapid and long-lasting effects on the recruitment of young neurons into hippocampal networks, but that ketamine has antidepressant-like effects that are independent of adult neurogenesis.
Longitudinal Effects of Ketamine on Dendritic ArchitectureIn Vivoin the Mouse Medial Frontal Cortex
Authors: Phoumthipphavong Victoria , Barthas Florent , Hassett Samantha , Kwan Alex C.
Published: March 2016

A single subanesthetic dose of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, leads to fast-acting antidepressant effects. In rodent models, systemic ketamine is associated with higher dendritic spine density in the prefrontal cortex, reflecting structural remodeling that may underlie the behavioral changes. However, turnover of dendritic spines is a dynamic processin vivo, and the longitudinal effects of ketamine on structural plasticity remain unclear. The purpose of the current study is to use subcellular resolution optical imaging to determine the time course of dendritic alterationsin vivofollowing systemic ketamine administration in mice. We used two-photon microscopy to visualize repeatedly the same set of dendritic branches in the mouse medial frontal cortex (MFC) before and after a single injection of ketamine or saline. Compared to controls, ketamine-injected mice had higher dendritic spine density in MFC for up to 2 weeks. This prolonged increase in spine density was driven by an elevated spine formation rate, and not by changes in the spine elimination rate. A fraction of the new spines following ketamine injection was persistent, which is indicative of functional synapses. In a few cases, we also observed retraction of distal apical tuft branches on the day immediately after ketamine administration. These results indicate that following systemic ketamine administration, certain dendritic inputs in MFC are removed immediately, while others are added gradually. These dynamic structural modifications are consistent with a model of ketamine action in which the net effect is a rebalancing of synaptic inputs received by frontal cortical neurons.
Effects of Prepubertal or Adult Site-Specific Knockdown of Estrogen Receptor β in the Medial Preoptic Area and Medial Amygdala on Social Behaviors in Male Mice
Authors: Nakata Mariko , Sano Kazuhiro , Musatov Sergei , Yamaguchi Naoko , Sakamoto Toshiro , Ogawa Sonoko
Published: March 2016

Testosterone, after being converted to estradiol in the brain, acts on estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ) and controls the expression of male-type social behavior. Previous studies in male mice have revealed that ERα expressed in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) and medial amygdala (MeA) are differently involved in the regulation of sexual and aggressive behaviors by testosterone action at the time of testing in adult and/or on brain masculinization process during pubertal period. However, a role played by ERβ in these brain regions still remains unclear. Here we examined the effects of site-specific knockdown of ERβ (βERKD) in the MPOA and MeA on male social behaviors with the use of adeno-associated viral mediated RNA interference methods in ICR/Jcl mice. Prepubertal βERKD in the MPOA revealed that continuous suppression of ERβ gene expression throughout the pubertal period and adulthood decreased aggressive but not sexual behavior tested as adults. Because βERKD in the MPOA only in adulthood did not affect either sexual or aggressive behaviors, it was concluded that pubertal ERβ in the MPOA might have an essential role for the full expression of aggressive behavior in adulthood. On the other hand, although neither prepubertal nor adult βERKD in the MeA had any effects on sexual and aggressive behavior, βERKD in adulthood disrupted sexual preference of receptive females over nonreceptive females. Collectively, these results suggest that ERβ in the MPOA and MeA are involved in the regulation of male sexual and aggressive behavior in a manner substantially different from that of ERα.
Long-Term Stability of Motor Cortical Activity: Implications for Brain Machine Interfaces and Optimal Feedback Control
Authors: Flint Robert D. , Scheid Michael R. , Wright Zachary A. , Solla Sara A. , Slutzky Marc W.
Published: March 2016

The human motor system is capable of remarkably precise control of movements—consider the skill of professional baseball pitchers or surgeons. This precise control relies upon stable representations of movements in the brain. Here, we investigated the stability of cortical activity at multiple spatial and temporal scales by recording local field potentials (LFPs) and action potentials (multiunit spikes, MSPs) while two monkeys controlled a cursor either with their hand or directly from the brain using a brain–machine interface. LFPs and some MSPs were remarkably stable over time periods ranging from 3 d to over 3 years; overall, LFPs were significantly more stable than spikes. We then assessed whether the stability of all neural activity, or just a subset of activity, was necessary to achieve stable behavior. We showed that projections of neural activity into the subspace relevant to the task (the “task-relevant space”) were significantly more stable than were projections into the task-irrelevant (or “task-null”) space. This provides cortical evidence in support of the minimum intervention principle, which proposes that optimal feedback control (OFC) allows the brain to tightly control only activity in the task-relevant space while allowing activity in the task-irrelevant space to vary substantially from trial to trial. We found that the brain appears capable of maintaining stable movement representations for extremely long periods of time, particularly so for neural activity in the task-relevant space, which agrees with OFC predictions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIt is unknown whether cortical signals are stable for more than a few weeks. Here, we demonstrate that motor cortical signals can exhibit high stability over several years. This result is particularly important to brain–machine interfaces because it could enable stable performance with infrequent recalibration. Although we can maintain movement accuracy over time, movement components that are unrelated to the goals of a task (such as elbow position during reaching) often vary from trial to trial. This is consistent with the minimum intervention principle of optimal feedback control. We provide evidence that the motor cortex acts according to this principle: cortical activity is more stable in the task-relevant space and more variable in the task-irrelevant space.
H3K9me3 Inhibition Improves Memory, Promotes Spine Formation, and Increases BDNF Levels in the Aged Hippocampus
Authors: Snigdha Shikha , Prieto G. Aleph , Petrosyan Arpine , Loertscher Brad M. , Dieskau André P. , Overman Larry E. , Cotman Carl W.
Published: March 2016

An increasing number of studies show that an altered epigenetic landscape may cause impairments in regulation of learning and memory-related genes within the aged hippocampus, eventually resulting in cognitive deficits in the aged brain. One such epigenetic repressive mark is trimethylation of H3K9 (H3K9me3), which is typically implicated in gene silencing. Here, we identify, for the first time, an essential role for H3K9me3 and its histone methyl transferase (SUV39H1) in mediating hippocampal memory functions. Pharmacological inhibition of SUV39H1 using a novel and selective inhibitor decreased levels of H3K9me3 in the hippocampus of aged mice, and improved performance in the objection location memory and fear conditioning tasks and in a complex spatial environment learning task. The inhibition of SUV39H1 induced an increase in spine density of thin and stubby but not mushroom spines in the hippocampus of aged animals and increased surface GluR1 levels in hippocampal synaptosomes, a key index of spine plasticity. Furthermore, there were changes at BDNF exon I gene promoter, in concert with overall BDNF levels in the hippocampus of drug-treated animals compared with control animals. Together, these data demonstrate that SUV39H1 inhibition and the concomitant H3K9me3 downregulation mediate gene transcription in the hippocampus and reverse age-dependent deficits in hippocampal memory.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCognitive decline is a debilitating condition associated with not only neurodegenerative diseases but also aging in general. However, effective treatments have been slow to emerge so far. In this study, we demonstrate that epigenetic regulation of key synaptic proteins may be an underlying, yet reversible, cause of this decline. Our findings suggest that histone 3 trimethylation is a probable target for pharmacological intervention that can counteract cognitive decline in the aging brain. Finally, we provide support to the hypothesis that, by manipulating the enzyme that regulates H3K9me3 (using a newly developed specific inhibitor of SUV39H1), it is possible to alter the chromatin state of subjects and restore memory and synaptic function in the aging brain.
Reconstitution of Giant Mammalian Synapses in Culture for Molecular Functional and Imaging Studies
Authors: Dimitrov Dimitar , Takagi Hiroshi , Guillaud Laurent , Saitoh Naoto , Eguchi Kohgaku , Takahashi Tomoyuki
Published: March 2016

Giant presynaptic terminal brain slice preparations have allowed intracellular recording of electrical signals and molecular loading, elucidating cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying neurotransmission and modulation. However, molecular genetic manipulation or optical imaging in these preparations is hampered by factors, such as tissue longevity and background fluorescence. To overcome these difficulties, we developed a giant presynaptic terminal culture preparation, which allows genetic manipulation and enables optical measurements of synaptic vesicle dynamics, simultaneously with presynaptic electrical signal recordings. This giant synapse reconstructed from dissociated mouse brainstem neurons resembles the development of native calyceal giant synapses in several respects. Thus, this novel preparation constitutes a powerful tool for studying molecular mechanisms of neurotransmission, neuromodulation, and neuronal development.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe have developed a novel culture preparation of giant mammalian synapses. These presynaptic terminals make it possible to perform optical imaging simultaneously with presynaptic electrophysiological recording. We demonstrate that this enables one to dissect endocytic and acidification times of synaptic vesicles. In addition, developmental elimination and functional maturation in this cultured preparation provide a useful model for studying presynaptic development. Because this giant synapse preparation allows molecular genetic manipulations, it constitutes a powerful new tool for studying molecular mechanisms of neurotransmission, neuromodulation, and neuronal development.
When Is Selection Effective?
Authors: Gravel Simon
Published: March 2016

Deleterious alleles can reach high frequency in small populations because of random fluctuations in allele frequency. This may lead, over time, to reduced average fitness. In this sense, selection is more “effective” in larger populations. Recent studies have considered whether the different demographic histories across human populations have resulted in differences in the number, distribution, and severity of deleterious variants, leading to an animated debate. This article first seeks to clarify some terms of the debate by identifying differences in definitions and assumptions used in recent studies. We argue that variants of Morton, Crow, and Muller’s “total mutational damage” provide the soundest and most practical basis for such comparisons. Using simulations, analytical calculations, and 1000 Genomes Project data, we provide an intuitive and quantitative explanation for the observed similarity in genetic load across populations. We show that recent demography has likely modulated the effect of selection and still affects it, but the net result of the accumulated differences is small. Direct observation of differential efficacy of selection for specific allele classes is nevertheless possible with contemporary data sets. By contrast, identifying average genome-wide differences in the efficacy of selection across populations will require many modeling assumptions and is unlikely to provide much biological insight about human populations.
Extended EDAS Method for Fuzzy Multi-criteria Decision-making: An Application to Supplier Selection
Authors: Ghorabaee Mehdi Keshavarz , Zavadskas Edmundas Kazimieras , Amiri Maghsoud , Turskis Zenonas
Published: March 2016

In the real-world problems, we are likely confronted with some alternatives that eed to be evaluated with respect to multiple conflicting criteria. Multi-criteria ecision-making (MCDM) refers to making decisions in such a situation. There are any methods and techniques available for solving MCDM problems. The evaluation ased on distance from average solution (EDAS) method is an efficient multi-criteria ecision-making method. Because the uncertainty is usually an inevitable part of he MCDM problems, fuzzy MCDM methods can be very useful for dealing with the eal-world decision-making problems. In this study, we extend the EDAS method o handle the MCDM problems in the fuzzy environment. A case study of supplier election is used to show the procedure of the proposed method and applicability of t. Also, we perform a sensitivity analysis by using simulated weights for criteria to xamine the stability and validity of the results of the proposed method. The results f this study show that the extended fuzzy EDAS method is efficient and has good tability for solving MCDM problems.
Checking Multi-domain Policies in SDN
Authors: Maldonado-Lopez Ferney A. , Calle Eusebi , Donoso Yezid
Published: March 2016

Programmable Network like SDN allows administrators to program network nfrastructure according to service demand and custom-defined policies. Network olicies are interpreted by the centralized controller to define actions and rules to rocess the network traffic on devices that belong to a single domain. However, actual etworks are multi-domain where several domains are interconnected. Then, because DN controllers in a domain cannot define nor monitor policies in other domains, etwork administrators cannot ensure that their own policies, origin policies are being nforced by the domains not directly managed by them (i.e. foreign domains). e present AudiT, a multi-domain SDN policy verifier that identifies whether an rigin policy is enforced by foreign domains. AudiT comprises (1) model for network opology, policies, and flows, (2) an Audit protocol to gather information about the ctions performed by network devices to carry the flows of interest, and (3) a validation ngine that takes that information and detects security policy violations, and (4) an extension to the OpenFlow protocol to enable external auditing. This paper resents our approach and illustrates its application using an example considering ultiple SDN networks.
Dynamic Secure Interconnection for Security Enhancement in Cloud Computing
Authors: He Liwen , Huang Feiyi , Zhang Jie , Liu Bin , Chen Chunling , Zhang Zonghua , Yang Yang , Lu Weifeng
Published: March 2016

Cloud computing brings efficiency improvement on resource utilization nd other benefits such as on-demand service provisioning, location independence and biquitous access, elastic resource pooling, pay as usage pricing mode, etc. However, t also introduces new security issues because the data management and ownership re separated, and the management is operated on a virtualized platform. In this paper,  novel dynamic secure interconnection (DSI) mechanism is proposed to isolate he cloud computing system into a couple of dynamic virtual trust zones with different ecurity policies implemented for different customers so as to enhance security. xperimental results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of he DSI mechanism.
Increasing Face Recognition Rates Using Novel Classification Algorithms
Authors: Viriri Serestina , Lagerwall Brett
Published: March 2016

This paper describes and discusses a set of algorithms which can improve ace recognition rates. These algorithms include adaptive K-Nearest Neighbour, daptive weighted average, reverse weighted average and exponential weighted average. ssentially, the algorithms are extensions to the basic classification algorithm sed in most face recognition research. Whereas the basic classification algorithm elects the subject with the shortest associated distance, the algorithms presented in his paper manipulate and extract information from the set of distances between a est image and the training image set in order to obtain more accurate classifications. he base system to which the algorithms are applied uses the eigenfaces technique or recognition with an adapted Viola and Jones algorithm for face extraction. Most f the algorithms proposed show a consistent improvement over the baseline test.
Patient-Reported Outcomes and Early Discontinuation in Aromatase Inhibitor-Treated Postmenopausal Women With Early Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Kadakia Kunal C. , Snyder Claire F. , Kidwell Kelley M. , Seewald Nicholas J. , Flockhart David A. , Skaar Todd C. , Desta Zereunesay , Rae James M. , Otte Julie L. , Carpenter Janet S. , Storniolo Anna M. , Hayes Daniel F. , Stearns Vered , Henry N. Lynn
Published: March 2016

Background.

Early discontinuation of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is common and leads to poor outcomes but is challenging to predict. In the Exemestane and Letrozole Pharmacogenetics trial, a high rate of early discontinuation due to intolerance was observed. We hypothesized that early changes in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) predict AI discontinuation and that biochemical factors are associated with changes in PROs.

Patients and Methods.

Postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer enrolled in a prospective randomized trial of exemestane versus letrozole completed questionnaires at baseline and serially over 24 months to assess overall quality of life (EuroQOL Visual Analog Scale [VAS]); mood; and multiple symptoms, including a musculoskeletal symptom cluster. A joint mixed-effects/survival model was used to estimate the effect of the change in PROs on AI discontinuation. Associations between biochemical factors and change in PROs were examined.

Results.

A total of 490 patients were analyzed. Worsening of EuroQOL VAS and the musculoskeletal cluster were associated with the highest risk for early discontinuation (hazard ratio [HR], 2.77 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.72–2.81; p = .015]; HR, 4.39 [95% CI, 2.40–8.02; p < .0001], respectively). Pharmacokinetics and estrogen metabolism were not consistently associated with change in PRO measures. No clinically significant differences in any PRO between AIs were observed.

Conclusion.

Changes in PROs early during AI therapy were associated with treatment discontinuation. Identification of these changes could be used to target interventions in patients at high risk for early discontinuation.
The Impact of Mismatch Repair Status in Colorectal Cancer on the Decision to Treat With Adjuvant Chemotherapy: An Australian Population-Based Multicenter Study
Authors: He Emily Y. , Hawkins Nicholas J. , Mak Gabriel , Roncolato Felicia , Goldstein David , Liauw Winston , Clingan Philip , Chin Melvin , Ward Robyn L.
Published: March 2016

Background.

Testing for mismatch repair (MMR) status in colorectal cancer (CRC) may provide useful prognostic and predictive information. We evaluated the impact of such testing on real-world practice regarding adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with resected CRC.

Patients and Methods.

A total of 175 patients with stage II and III mismatch repair-deficient (MMRD) CRC were identified from an Australian population-based study of incident CRCs. Their treatment decisions were compared with those for a cohort of 773 stage-matched patients with mismatch repair-proficient (MMRP) CRCs. The effect of MMR status, age, and pathologic characteristics on treatment decisions was determined using multiple regression analysis.

Results.

Overall, 32% of patients in stage II and 71% of patients in stage III received adjuvant chemotherapy. Among the stage II patients, those with MMRD cancer were less likely to receive chemotherapy than were MMRP cases (15% vs. 38%; p < .0001). In this group, the treatment decision was influenced by age, tumor location, and T stage. MMR status influenced the treatment decision such that its impact diminished with increasing patient age. Among patients with stage III tumors, no difference was found in the chemotherapy rates between the MMRD and MMRP cases. In this group, age was the only significant predictor of the treatment decision.

Conclusion.

The findings of this study suggest that knowledge of the MMR status of sporadic CRC influences treatment decisions for stage II patients, in an era when clear recommendations as to how these findings should influence practice are lacking.
LESS COMMON PATTERNS WITH INTENSIFIERS ‘TOO’ AND ‘VERY IN THE CORPUS OF INUGURAL ADDRESSES OF US PRESIDENTS
Authors: Prihantoro Prihantoro
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis paper studies “very” and “too”, two intensifiers used in the corpus of inaugural address of all US presidents, from Washington to Obama. My aims here is to identify uncommon pattern with “too” and “very”, and the semantic prosodies as well. I downloaded the data and processed it as a corpus by using a corpus tookit called AntConc (Anthony, 2006). I used the query “very” and “too” to obtain concordances. A shared feature of these intensifiers is they mostly modify adjectives as shown by frequency. Although less significant in terms of frequency, some common patterns are discovered, such as “very + N” and “very + AdjSuperlative + N” construction, which are attested in COCA. One that is against prescriptive grammar is <a + too + Adj + N”, where the suggested construction is usually “too + Adj + a + N”. As for the semantic prosody, I found some data attested in COCA, where “too” can be used to intensify positive evaluation, which is contrary to Azar (2002) and some other grammar books. As for very, it is more flexible that the prosodies might either be positive or negative. The result of COCA and BNC has shown that these structures are uncommon. I argue that these structures are used under the markedness frame, to make listeners focus on issues that the speakers wanted to empahasize.Keywords: very, too, intensifiers, semantic prosody, inaugural address, corpus AbstrakArtikel ini menyelidiki "very" dan "too", dua pengintensif yang ditemukan dalam korpus pidato pelantikan semua presiden AS, dari Washington sampai Obama. Tujuan artikel ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pola tidak biasa dengan kata "very" dan "too", dan prosodi semantiknya. Saya mengunduh data pidato dan diproses sebagai korpus dengan menggunakan perangkat korpus yang disebut AntConc (Anthony, 2006). Saya menggunakan query "very" dan "too" untuk mendapatkan konkordansi. Fitur yang ditemukan dari kedua pengintensif ini adalah keduanya kebanyakan memodifikasi kata sifat seperti yang ditunjukkan oleh frekuensi. Meskipun kurang signifikan dalam hal frekuensi, beberapa pola umum ditemukan, seperti konstruksi "very+ N" dan "too+ AdjSuperlatif + N", yang dibuktikan dalam COCA. Salah satu fitur yang bersebrangan dengan tata bahasa preskriptif adalah pola “a + too+ Adj + N ", sementara konstruksi yang biasa dipakai adalah " too+ Adj + a + N ". Adapun secara prosodi semantik, saya menemukan beberapa data yang dibuktikan di COCA, di mana "too" dapat juga digunakan untuk mengintensifkan penilaian positif, yang bertentangan dengan Azar (2002) dan beberapa buku tata bahasa lainnya. Sementara itu, kata “very” lebih fleksibel di mana prosodinya bisa positif atau negatif. Hasil COCA dan BNC menunjukkan bahwa struktur ini jarang ditemukan. Saya berpendapat bahwa struktur ini digunakan di bawah bingkai markedness, untuk membuat pendengar berfokus pada isu-isu yang ingin ditekankan penutur.Kata kunci: very, too, pengintensif, prosodi semantik, pidato pelantikan, korpus
Uveítes: diretrizes terapêuticas
Authors: Lani Aisa Haidar , Barreto Ana Luiza Biancardi , Moraes Jr Haroldo Vieira de
Published: March 2016

Esta publicação tem como objetivo estabelecer diretrizes baseadas em evidências científicas para tratamento da uveíte. A necessidade de normatização de condutas em uveítes foi a principal motivação para o Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, em parceria com a Associação Médica Brasileira e Sociedade Brasileira de Uveíte, para a elaboração das diretrizes. Foi realizada busca de evidência na base de informação científica Medline / Pubmed até agosto de 2015 para abordar as indicações de injeções / implantes intravítreos e uso de imunossupressores em uveítes.
Mikhail Kondratyev's Scientific Heritage
Authors: Krushelnitskaya O.B. , Marinova T.Y.
Published: March 2016

The article illuminates the most important outcomes of research activities carried out by Mikhail Kondratyev. It reveals the relevance of his research for the development of concepts of social psychological processes that take place in closed communities, of relations of authority, as well as for the diagnostics and correction of relationships of interpersonal significance in groups of various types. The paper also reviews the main stages of Mikhail Kondratyev’s scholarly and teaching activities and highlights his major contributions to the further development of research in social psychological problems of small groups and interpersonal relationships that emerge within them.
Competence Approach to the Training of Organizational Psychologists in the Context of Reforms in Higher Education
Authors: Pogodina A.V. , Litvinova E.Y. , Kharchenko M.A.
Published: March 2016

The paper describes a model of professional competences of organizational psycholo- gists developed by the authors and provides outcomes of a study carried out to verify the model. The study aimed to explore content and structural features of notions about professional competences of the organizational psychologist in high- and mid-level executives of various fields (manufacture; trading and services; education). The paper presents results of the correlation analysis of such representations in different groups of executives and argues that it is important to take into account prospective employers’ expectations and preferences regarding organizational psychologists in the training of the latter.
On the Opening of the Section of Theatre Psychology and Pedagogy at the Moscow Branch of the Russian Psychological Society
Authors: Klimova T.A.
Published: March 2016

This paper provides a brief report on the establishment of a new Section of Theatre Psychology and Pedagogy at the Moscow branch of the Russian Psychological Society. The Section was founded by V.S. Sobkin, professor, academician of the Russian Academy of Education. During the first meeting members of the Section discussed possible research issues and topics, outlined a work plan for the nearest future and appointed speakers. It is worth mentioning that the establishment of this section is of high impor- tance to school education and youth socialization. The meetings of the Section will take place on a monthly basis.
Mikhail Kondratyev: The Scientist and the Man
Authors: Vachkov I. , Dontsov A.I. , Dubov I.G. , Petrowskiy V.A.
Published: March 2016

Russian psychologists share their memories of Mikhail Yuryevich Kondratyev. He is remembered as the scientist and the man in a series of essays written by I.V. Vachkov (“Story of a Real Social Psychologist”), A.I. Dontsov (“My Misha”), I.G. Dubov (“The Only Thing is to Remember”), and V.A. Petrovsky (“About Misha Kondratyev”).
NegotiatingWa(Harmony): A Qualitative Study About the Challenges Japanese Women Who Live in New Zealand Have in Maintaining Their Birth Traditions
Authors: Doering Keiko , Patterson Jean , Griffiths Christine
Published: March 2016

Cultural birth customs play an important role in maintaining women’s psychological well-being throughout childbearing. The goals of this study were (a) to explore how Japanese women living in New Zealand keep or perform their birth traditions, (b) to educate caregivers about the importance of these traditions to Japanese women, and (c) to provide an environment within which Japanese women feel able to express and negotiate their cultural practices.

Following ethical approval from the Otago Polytechnic Research Ethics Committee (ETHICS 470), 13 Japanese women, who had given birth in New Zealand within the previous 3 years, were interviewed individually, or in a focus group. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. The women were all born in Japan, had moved to New Zealand in their 20s, and lived in New Zealand for a period between 2 and 19 years.

The women valued their birth traditions and tried to practice these throughout their pregnancy and following birth. This was not always possible within the New Zealand maternity and cultural setting where there was a lack of support or understanding from family and care providers. There was also limited access to shrines where they could perform the rituals. This caused some of the women to experience cultural conflicts.

The desire to maintain harmony with others and the environment is embedded in Japanese culture, and this made it difficult for the women in this study to express their need to fulfill these practices and rituals.

Although this study focused on Japanese women’s attitudes and cultural practices, it highlights the importance of being able to maintain a woman’s cultural links, particularly around childbirth. It is essential for caregivers to understand that each woman brings her own cultural understandings and traditions to her birth experience and that the support to practice birth rituals contributes to her peace of mind and well-being.
Raziskovanje kognitivnih shem kot individualnih ali skupinskih struktur
Authors: Arzenšek Ana
Published: March 2016

V prispevku je predstavljenih nekaj značilnosti teorije kognitivnih shem. Ukvarjali smo se z vprašanjem, na kateri ravni naj se raziskujejo kognitivne sheme: na individualni-, nadindividualni-, ali celo na ravni večjih socialnih sistemov, in sicer glede na značilnosti socialne kognicije ter glede na naravo kognitivnih shem. V zadnjem obdobju se raziskovalci kognitivnih shem osredotočajo na interakcijo med motivacijskimi, kognitivnimi in drugimi osebnimi ter situacijskimi spremenljivkami in njihovim vplivom na vedenje. Kognitivne sheme so razumljene kot rezultat medsebojnega prepleta osebnih, okoljskih in situacijskih spremenljivk. Odgovor na zastavljeno vprašanje pa je odvisen tudi od paradigme, znotraj katere raziskovalec raziskuje in od raziskovalnega problema.
Spreminjanje prepričanj učiteljev o samoevalvaciji šole ter vpliv na vedenje učiteljev in dosežke učencev
Authors: Hauptman Alenka
Published: March 2016

Namen raziskave, ki je predstavljena v prispevku, je bilo ugotoviti, ali lahko različni načini spodbujanja samoevalvacije na šoli vplivajo na spreminjanje prepričanj učiteljev o samoevalvaciji, pa tudi na njihovo vedenje v razredu ter na dosežke učencev. Samoevalvacija je v slovenskih šolah namreč zakonsko določena, vendar pa ni enotnih navodil o načinih izvedbe, pa tudi ne sistematičnih raziskav o njeni učinkovitosti. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 111 učiteljev 4. razreda iz 59 slovenskih šol ter 2153 njihovih učencev. Raziskava je bila zasnovana kot eksperiment s tremi skupinami šol in dvema ločenima preverjanjema, vključeno pa je bilo tudi preverjanje trajnosti sprememb prepričanj in vedenja učiteljev. Skupine smo ločili glede na aktivnosti samoevalvacije; prva skupina je bila kontrolna, drugi dve pa smo ločili glede na intenzivnost spodbujanja samoevalvacije. Od učiteljev smo pridobili podatke o njihovih stališčih glede samoevalvacije ter o njihovem vedenju v razredu, od učencev pa, poleg podatkov o vedenju njihovih učiteljev, tudi dosežke pri matematiki in naravoslovju na začetku in koncu šolskega leta. Razlike med skupinami smo pričakovali predvsem na ravni prepričanj učiteljev o samoevalvaciji, pa tudi v vedenju učiteljev ter dosežkih učencev. Rezultati kažejo, da so prepričanja precej stabilna, saj je za spremembo potrebno veliko časa. V raziskavi nismo uspeli dokazati vpliva spodbujanja procesa samoevalvacije na spreminjanje prepričanj, kar je zelo verjetno posledica omejitev raziskave. Sprememba prepričanj je osnova za spreminjanje vedenja in dosežkov, vendar pa se to zgodi v daljšem časovnem okviru.