bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New genus and species of black coral from the SW Pacific and Antarctica (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Antipatharia: Schizopathidae)
Authors: OPRESKO DENNIS M. , STEWART ROB , VOZA TATIANA , TRACEY DI , BRUGLER MERCER R.
Published: July 2022

A new genus, Diplopathes, in the family Schizopathidae, and three new species are described from the Southwest Pacific and Antarctic region based on morphological data. The new genus superficially resembles Telopathes in being branched and having simple, bilateral pinnules, but differs in having strictly alternately arranged pinnules, and in having small polyps 4 mm or less in transverse diameter. Mitochondrial DNA placed Diplopathes and Telopathes in separate clades within the Schizopathidae, thus supporting the significance of seemingly subtle anatomical differences. The new species are: D. antarctica, with sparse branching, pinnules of up to 7 cm long, and polypar spines up to 0.045 mm tall; D. multipinnata, with dense branching, pinnules up to 3 cm long, and polypar spines up to 0.1 mm tall; and D. tuatoruensis, with very sparse branching, pinnules up to 10 cm long, and polypar spines up to 0.1 mm. Interestingly, the three new species do not form a monophyletic clade based on mitochondrial DNA. We propose and discuss two hypotheses to explain the results of the phylogenetic reconstruction, including that molecular and physical change are uncoupled or that we have uncovered another example of morphological convergence in unrelated species.
First record of the Darwin wasp Hymenoepimecis Viereck, 1912 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) from Argentina and Bolivia, with description of a new species
Authors: PÁDUA DIEGO G.
Published: July 2022

Hymenoepimecis Viereck, 1912 is a Neotropical polysphinctine genus which occurs from Central America to the south of Brazil. In this study the genus Hymenoepimecis Viereck, 1912 is recorded for the first time in Bolivia and Argentina, and a new Brazilian species from Atlantic Forest is described: Hymenoepimecis atlantica sp. n.. In addition, diagnoses, maps, and digital images are presented.
Description of a new species of the leafhopper genus Tambocerus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Guizhou, China
Authors: YAO BINBIN , DIETRICH CHRISTOPHER H. , XING JICHUN
Published: July 2022

A new leafhopper species, Tambocerus fanjingensis sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Guizhou Province, China. A checklist of the Chinese species of Tambocerus is provided and a key based on the male genitalia is given to distinguish the Chinese species of the genus. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
Green tea epigallocatechin gallate suppresses 3T3-L1 cell growth via microRNA-143/MAPK7 pathways
Authors: Chen Chia-Pei , Su Tsung-Chen , Yang Meei-Ju , Chen Wen-Ting , Siao An-Ci , Huang Ling-Ru , Lin Yen-Yue , Kuo Yow-Chii , Chung Jia-Fang , Cheng Ching-Feng , Ku Hui-Chen , Kao Yung-Hsi
Published: July 2022

Green tea epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and microRNA (miRNA) molecules modulate obesity. Nevertheless, it is still unknown whether EGCG modulates fat cell growth via miRNA-related signaling. In this study, white preadipocytes were used to examine whether the antimitogenic effect of EGCG on fat cells is regulated by the miR-143/MAPK7 pathway. We showed that EGCG upregulated the levels of miR-143, but not miR-155, in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Moreover, EGCG downregulated MAPK7 mRNA and protein levels time- and dose-dependently. MAPK7 expression increased during 3T3-L1 cell proliferation. miR-143 overexpression in the absence of EGCG mimicked the effects of EGCG to suppress preadipocyte growth and MAPK7 expression, whereas knockdown of miR-143 antagonized the EGCG-altered levels of miR-143, MAPK7, and pERK1/2 and reversed the EGCG-inhibited cell growth. These findings suggest that EGCG inhibits 3T3-L1 cell growth via miR-143/MAPK7 pathway.
Perceptions of Homeless Adults and Their Providers on Coping With the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Mental Health, Substance Use, and Harm Reduction Services
Authors: Nyamathi Adeline M. , Gelberg Lillian , Lee Darlene , Arce Nicholas , Patten-Jones Alexandria , Yadav Kartik , Goodwine Maniyah , Alikhani Mitra , Yao Maritas , Chang Alicia H. , Salem Benissa E.
Published: July 2022

Adults experiencing homelessness experience a disproportionate burden of health disparities which has further exacerbated mental health, substance use, and coping during the COVID-19 pandemic. As limited data is available to understand the experience of adults experiencing homelessness and their health during this time, the purpose of this study was to explore how COVID-19 may have impacted their mental health, substance use, and ways of coping in this population. Using community-based participatory research, a community advisory board was established and remote individual interviews with 21 adults experiencing homelessness and 10 providers were conducted in Skid Row, Los Angeles. Using a qualitative, data analytic approach, the following major themes emerged: (1) Negative Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health; (2) Negative Impact of COVID-19 on Limitation of Harm Reduction Services; and (3) Coping Strategies Utilized During the COVID-19 Pandemic. More research is needed to understand the impact of this pandemic on underserved communities.
Examining patient flow in a tertiary hospital’s emergency department at a low coronavirus prevalence region
Authors: Tseng Wen-Min , Lin Po-Hsiang , Wu Pin-Chieh , Kao Chih-Hsiang
Published: July 2022

Background

Taiwan’s successful containment of the COVID-19 outbreak prior to 2021 provided a unique environment for the surveillance of unnecessary emergency medical use. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the patient flow in the emergency department (ED) of a tertiary hospital over 1 year in southern Taiwan, a region with low COVID-19 prevalence.

Methods

Cross-sectional observational study was conducted from January to December 2020. Essential parameters of patient flow in the ED between January and February 2020 and the subsequent 11-month period were compared to data from 2019. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, using an independent samplet-test or Mann–Whitney U test, as applicable.

Results

The ED census showed an acute decline (− 30.8%) from January to February 2020, reaching its nadir (− 40.5%) in April 2020. From February to December 2020, there was an average decrease of 20.3% in ED attendance (p < 0.001). The impact was most significant in ambulatory visits, lower-urgency acuity (level III) visits, and pediatric visits, without change in the acuity proportion. The length of stay shortened mainly in the adult division, which typically had an overcrowding problem (median, 5.7–4.4 hours in discharge; 24.8–16.9 hours in hospitalization;p < 0.001). The incidence of 72-hour unscheduled return visits was also reduced (4.1–3.5%,p = 0.002).

Conclusions

In contrast to devastated regions, the impact on the ED patient flow in regions having low COVID-19 prevalence highlights a remodeling process of emergency medical care that would improve overcrowding.
Experiences of working as early career allied health professionals and doctors in rural and remote environments: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Dymmott Alison , George Stacey , Campbell Narelle , Brebner Chris
Published: July 2022

Background

Maintaining a health professional workforce in rural and remote areas poses a significant challenge internationally. A range of recruitment and retention strategies have had varying success and these are  generally developed from the collective experience of all health professions, rather than targeted to professional groups with differing educational and support contexts. This review explores, compares and synthesises the evidence examining the experience of early career rural and remote allied health professionals and doctors to better understand both the profession specific, and common factors that influence their experience.

Methods

Qualitative studies that include early career allied health professionals’ or doctors’ experiences of working in rural or remote areas and the personal and professional factors that impact on this experience were considered. A systematic search was completed across five databases and three grey literature repositories to identify published and unpublished studies. Studies published since 2000 in English were considered. Studies were screened for inclusion and critically appraised by two independent reviewers. Data was extracted and assigned a level of credibility. Data synthesis adhered to the JBI meta-aggregative approach.

Results

Of the 1408 identified articles, 30 papers were eligible for inclusion, with one rated as low in quality and all others moderate or high quality. A total of 23 categories, 334 findings and illustrations were aggregated into three synthesised findings for both professional groups including: making a difference through professional and organisational factors, working in rural areas can offer unique and rewarding opportunities for early career allied health professionals and doctors, and personal and community influences make a difference. A rich dataset was obtained and findings illustrate similarities including the need to consider personal factors, and differences, including discipline specific supervision for allied health professionals and local supervision for doctors.

Conclusions

Strategies to enhance the experience of both allied health professionals and doctors in rural and remote areas include enabling career paths through structured training programs, hands on learning opportunities, quality supervision and community immersion.

Systematic review registration number

PROSPERO CRD42021223187.
A unique Levey–Jennings control chart used for internal quality control in human papillomavirus detection
Authors: Peng Peiyi , Peng Xuehong , Jiao Xiaoyang , Chen Nuan
Published: July 2022

Objective

The purpose of this study was to provide an updated estimate of the prevalences of different types of human papillomavirus (HPV) in females in Chaoshan District and to establish an internal quality control (IQC) method for excluding false-positive results in HPV detection by using the Levey–Jennings control chart.

Method

HPV types were detected in 23,762 cervical samples by using PCR membrane hybridization. The means and standard deviations (SDs) of the positive rates were calculated, the Levey–Jennings chart was plotted, and the rules for “out of control” and “warning” were established. A set of standardized IQC for HPV DNA tests was developed based on the values and Levey–Jennings charts.

Result

In 466 batches, the positive rate exceeded the 1 + 2SD rule 24 times, but there was no consecutive exceedance, which was considered “in control”. When the positive rate exceeded the 1 + 3SD rule 8 times with consecutive exceedance, it was considered “out of control”. Further examination revealed that detections showing “out of control” had an undesirable random error, indicating that contamination may occur due to improper operation.

Conclusion

This unique Levey–Jennings control chart is a practical method for eliminating false-positive results in HPV DNA detection and should be widely applicable in molecular diagnostic laboratories.
Injury incidence and specific injury patterns in app-based bodyweight training (Freeletics): results of an international survey with 3668 participants
Authors: Hertel G. , Hochrein A. , Suren C. , Minzlaff P. , Banke I. J. , Willers J. , von Eisenhart-Rothe R. , Prodinger P. M.
Published: July 2022

Background

The aim of this study was to analyze incidences and sport-specific injury patterns among users of a bodyweight-based training method instructed by a smartphone app (Freeletics Bodyweight App).

Methods

An online questionnaire based on current validated epidemiological observation methods was designed using the statistic website Surveymonkey. Subscribers of theFreeletics Bodyweight Appwere contacted via an online link. Injury incidence, defined as an event leading to a training pause of at least 1 day, was recorded. The type of injury was reported and classified. Furthermore, all participants were asked whether they recognized any positive or negative effects on their subjective health status. The collected data were analyzed usingSurveymonkeystatistic services.

Results

A total of 4365Freeleticsusers responded to the questionnaire, 3668 completed forms were subject of further investigation. The injury period prevalence reported by users of theFreeletics Appwas 24% in men and 21% in women. The most frequently reported site of injury was the shoulder (29%) and the knee joint (28%), with strains (28.5%) and other muscle injuries (14.4%) being the most frequently reported types of injuries. An injury incidence rate of 4.57 per 1000 h was calculated, with injuries occurring less frequently in experienced users. Most participants reported a distinct positive effect of the app-based training on their health status.

Conclusion

In comparison to other sports activities app-based bodyweight training is associated with a comparably low injury period prevalence. The vast majority of injuries were reported to have resolved within one week.
A robust framework to investigate the reliability and stability of explainable artificial intelligence markers of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Lombardi Angela , Diacono Domenico , Amoroso Nicola , Biecek Przemysław , Monaco Alfonso , Bellantuono Loredana , Pantaleo Ester , Logroscino Giancarlo , De Blasi Roberto , Tangaro Sabina , Bellotti Roberto
Published: July 2022

In clinical practice, several standardized neuropsychological tests have been designed to assess and monitor the neurocognitive status of patients with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Important research efforts have been devoted so far to the development of multivariate machine learning models that combine the different test indexes to predict the diagnosis and prognosis of cognitive decline with remarkable results. However, less attention has been devoted to the explainability of these models. In this work, we present a robust framework to (i) perform a threefold classification between healthy control subjects, individuals with cognitive impairment, and subjects with dementia using different cognitive indexes and (ii) analyze the variability of the explainability SHAP values associated with the decisions taken by the predictive models. We demonstrate that the SHAP values can accurately characterize how each index affects a patient’s cognitive status. Furthermore, we show that a longitudinal analysis of SHAP values can provide effective information on Alzheimer’s disease progression.
Development of pre-service early childhood teachers’ technology integrations skills through a praxeological approach
Authors: Kulaksız Taibe , Toran Mehmet
Published: July 2022

How to improve and what should be carried out for pre-service teachers’ technological competencies for teaching purposes is still an important issue on the agenda of the higher education field. In light of this, we aimed to reflect the individual and collective technology integration knowledge and skills construction process of pre-service early childhood education teachers with democratic participation. We utilized the praxeological approach as a method and learning approach to reveal the reflections of the instructional technologies course. The participants in this study were 52 sophomore pre-service teachers in the early childhood education department. We collected the data from various sources such as interviews, portfolios, researchers’ field notes, e-mails, online course evaluation form. We carried out the thematic analysis method to analyze the data. The findings indicated that three main themes emerged as initial challenges, learning process, and learning outcomes during enhancement of pre-service early childhood teachers' technology integration knowledge and skills. As a result, the praxeological approach used in instructional technologies courses in teacher education programs leads to a crucial digital transformation to be ready to become future teachers.
Efficient Preparation of AppDNA/AppRNA by T4 DNA Ligase Aided by a DNA Involving Mismatched Mini-Hairpin Structure at Its 3′ Side
Authors: Luo Jian , Chen Hui , An Ran , Liang Xingguo
Published: July 2022

Preparation of adenylated DNA, which has wide applications, is a great challenge because the obtained AppDNA is usually quickly ligated to the 3′-OH at the nick. Here, by using an Aid-DNA with a mini-hairpin structure at its 3′ terminal, involving a 3–4-bp stem and a 3-nt loop, high adenylation yield (>90%) for most target sequences is obtained with no ligation by-products. The 5′ side of the Aid-DNA is complementary to the DNA to be adenylated, and forms a pseudo-nick after hybridization. T4 DNA ligase, the most popular ligase, can complete the adenylation. By investigating the effects of stem lengths, types of mismatched base pairs, and reaction conditions, we found that both a short stem and the mismatched base pair at 3′ end are essential to avoid ligation. More interestingly, the adenylation can be efficiently carried out even when another mismatched base pair flanks the 5′ side of the nick, and the ligation is completely inhibited. Thus, adenylation of a DNA becomes simple just by changing the Aid-DNA sequence at the 5′ side. This approach is also proved applicable for RNA adenylation, although the DNA ligase is used. Our finding is also helpful for understanding detailed mechanism of DNA ligation.
An Efficient Protocol for Selective Silylation of Hydroxy Group Using N,O-Bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)acetamide and N,N-Dimethyl-4-aminopyridine N-Oxide
Authors: Mandai Hiroki , Matsuura Yuichiro , Johari Fatin Mahfuzah Binti , Mitsudo Koichi , Suga Seiji
Published: July 2022

An efficient method for the silylation of alcohols was developed using N,O-bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl)acetamide (BTBSA) and 3 mol % of N,N-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine N-oxide (DMAPO). Monosilylation of 1,2-diols was successfully achieved with high chemoselectivity. In addition, several control experiments revealed that a phenolic hydroxy group was silylated much faster than a primary alcohol in both an inter- and intramolecular manner. The reactivity toward silylation under these systems might stem from the pKa of the hydroxy group.
Η πρόσληψη των Πατέρων της Εκκλησίας στο αντιρρητικό έργο του Ευγενίου Βουλγάρεως
Authors: Χριστοδούλου Γεωργία
Published: July 2022

Από τον 11ο αι. και εξής στην Ρωμανία αναδεικνύεται σταδιακά μία μερίδα διανοουμένων, η οποία αποπειράται να επαναφέρει τρόπους του αρχαιοελληνικού φιλοσοφικού διαλεκτικού συλλογισμού στην ερμηνεία της πατερικής θεολογίας. Το νέο αυτό μεθοδολογικό εργαλείο για την ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση της πατερικής παράδοσης καθίσταται σταδιακά ένα κριτήριο ερμηνείας στον αντίποδα της πατερικής ερμηνευτικής επί τῃ βάσει του αγιοπνευματικού φωτισμού που ίσχυε καθ’ όλην την πρώτη χιλιετία. Στην Ανατολή, οι μεθοδολογικές παρεμβάσεις των αγ. Γρηγορίου Παλαμά, Μάρκου Εφέσου, Ιωσήφ Βρυεννίου και άλλων αναχαίτισαν το εν λόγῳ ερμηνευτικό ρεύμα, το οποίο ωστόσο επέδρασε καταλυτικά στην διαμόρφωση της θεολογικής σκέψης στην Δύση. Όπως διαπιστώνει και συστηματικά ανακρίνει ο Ευγένιος Βούλγαρης, οι δύο δογματικές επιστολικές πραγματείες Προς Ιάκωβον Βουλγαρίας και Προς Θεόδωρον Β’ Λάσκαριν, φερόμενες ως του Νικηφόρου Βλεμμύδου (13ος αι.), οι οποίες συνέστησαν το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο του λατινόφρονος πατριάρχου Ιωάννου ΙΑ’ Βέκκου και του κύκλου του, είναι σαφώς διαποτισμένες τόσο από διαλεκτικούς συλλογισμούς ρητορικού φιλοσοφικού τύπου, όσο και από επιχειρηματολογία και όρους ξένους προς την πατερική παράδοση στο περί εκπορεύσεως του Αγίου Πνεύματος ζήτημα. Τα εξωγενή αυτά στοιχεία επέφεραν παρερμηνείες και νοθείες σε σημαντικότατες πτυχές του Τριαδολογικού δόγματος, με αποτέλεσμα, οι ερμηνευτικές επεμβάσεις των εν λόγῳ επιστολικών πραγματειών να χρησιμεύσουν ως το θεωρητικό και μεθοδολογικό πλαίσιο, εντός του οποίου παγιώθηκε και διερύνθηκε η λατινική δοξασία στο περί εκπορεύσεως ζήτημα (Filioque). Ο Ευγένιος Βούλγαρης, φημισμένος διδάσκαλος φιλοσοφίας του 18ου αι., προβαίνει στην σαφή διάκριση μεταξύ της θύραθεν και της έσω γραμματείας, καθώς και ερμηνευτικής μεθοδολογίας. Η μελέτη και ερμηνεία των πατερικών κειμένων προϋποθέτει την δική της αρμόζουσα ερμηνευτική, την οποία ασπάζεται και ακολουθεί και ο διδάσκαλος της Εκκλησίας Ευγένιος Βούλγαρης. Η προσέγγιση του Βούλγαρη ερμηνεύει, διακρατεί και αποτυπώνει τις θέσεις των Πατέρων της Εκκλησίας βάσει πλήθους κριτηρίων πατερικής ερμηνευτικής. Η μελέτη της πατερικής γλώσσας στο αντιρρητικό έργο του Βούλγαρη, καθιστά εμφανές το αποτέλεσμα της αλληλεπίδρασης κατά την γλωσσική πράξη «ανάγνωση – (κατανόηση) – γλωσσική παραγωγή». Η διαρκής αναγνωστική του μαθητεία στα πατερικά κείμενα ως σημείο εκκίνησης, σε συνάρτηση με την σύνολη πνευματική του καλλιέργεια και αντίληψη, του επιτρέπουν να επεισέρχεται στο βάθος των κειμένων, αναγνωρίζοντας και μαθητεύοντας στην ορολογία, στην ερμηνευτική και στην θεολογία των Πατέρων. Το αποτέλεσμα της διαδικασίας αυτής αποτυπώνεται στην δική του θεολογική παραγωγή, εν προκειμένῳ στο αντιρρητικό του έργο, το οποίο λαμβάνει πλέον διαστάσεις Ερμηνείας Πατέρων, απαιτεί δε εν γένει μεγάλη εκφραστική ακρίβεια εκ μέρους του, αλλά και εξ ίσου σημαντική γλωσσική αντιληπτική ικανότητα εκ μέρους των αναγνωστών και του ποιμνίου του. Με τον τρόπο αυτό, καθίσταται ο ίδιος διδάσκαλος της επιστήμης της Πατρολογίας και της Πατερικής Ερμηνευτικής.
Σύστημα ερμηνείας και αξιολόγησης της επιτυχίας έργου στο πλαίσιο μίας ολοκληρωμένης διαχείρισης έργου
Authors: Λάμπρου Αθανάσιος
Published: July 2022

Η επιτυχία έργου αποτελεί ένα από τα ευρέως πραγματευόμενα ζητήματα εντός του επιστημονικού πεδίου της Διοίκησης και Διαχείρισης Έργων κατά τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες. Η έννοια της επιτυχίας έργου θεωρείται πολυδιάστατη και διφορούμενη, χωρίς ωστόσο να μπορεί να διακριθεί μία κοινά αποδεκτή ερμηνεία της μέχρι και σήμερα. Θεμελιώδεις συνιστώσες της επιτυχίας έργου καθίστανται τα κριτήρια επιτυχίας και οι κρίσιμοι παράγοντες επιτυχίας. Επιπλέον, η αξιολόγηση/αποτίμηση της επιτυχίας ενός έργου διαφοροποιείται σημαντικά ανάλογα με τις προοπτικές/αντιλήψεις των διαφόρων συμμετεχόντων, καθώς και με την χρονική περίοδο αναφοράς. Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή πραγματοποιείται αρχικά μία εκτεταμένη βιβλιογραφική επισκόπηση επί των διαθέσιμων πηγών και αναφορών γύρω από το ζήτημα της επιτυχίας έργου και τις δύο θεμελιώδεις συνιστώσες της, ενώ καταγράφονται λεπτομερώς τα διακριτά κριτήρια επιτυχίας και οι κρίσιμοι παράγοντες επιτυχίας εντός της εξεταζόμενης βιβλιογραφίας. Εν συνεχεία, διενεργείται μία εκτενής δομημένη έρευνα ερωτηματολογίου σε πρόσωπα και οργανισμούς του κατασκευαστικού τομέα της Ελλάδας με στόχο την αξιολόγηση του βαθμού σημαντικότητας των εξαγόμενων κριτηρίων επιτυχίας και κρίσιμων παραγόντων επιτυχίας. Τα δεδομένα των άρτιων αποκρίσεων της έρευνας ερωτηματολογίου υποβάλλονται σε στατιστική ανάλυση, η οποία περιλαμβάνει την περιγραφική στατιστική ανάλυση, την ανάλυση συσχέτισης μεταξύ μεταβλητών και ορισμένους ακόμα εξειδικευμένους στατιστικούς ελέγχους. Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή πραγματεύεται την διαμόρφωση ενός καινοτόμου μοντέλου/πλαισίου ερμηνείας και αξιολόγησης/αποτίμησης της επιτυχίας έργου μέσω της αξιολόγησης των επιδόσεων των σημαντικότερων κριτηρίων επιτυχίας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, υιοθετείται η βασική φιλοσοφία της μεθόδου Rapid Impact Assessment Matrix (RIAM) αναφορικά με τον προσδιορισμό και τον διαχωρισμό των σημαντικότερων κριτηρίων επιτυχίας, καθώς και με τον υπολογισμό του μοναδικού βαθμού επιτυχίας έργου. Σε τελικό στάδιο, ο εξαγόμενος βαθμός επιτυχίας έργου κατατάσσεται κατάλληλα σε μία από τις πέντε διακριτές κλάσεις/διαβαθμίσεις της επιτυχίας έργου.
Trends and correlates of hardcore smoking in India: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Surveys 1 & 2
Authors: Veena Kattiyeri Puthenveedu , Mathews Elezebeth , Kodali Prakash Babu , Thankappan Kavumpurathu Raman
Published: July 2022

Background: Data on the prevalence of hardcore smoking (HCS) among different socioeconomic status (SES) groups in low- and middle-income countries are limited. We looked at the prevalence and pattern of HCS in India with the following objectives: 1) to analyse the association between SES and HCS, 2) to find trends in HCS in different SES groups and 3) to find state-wide variations in hardcore smoking.

Methods: Data of individuals aged ≥25 years from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) India 2009-10 (N= 9223) and 2016-17 (N= 7647) were used for this study. If an individual met all the following criteria: (1) current smoker, (2) smokes 10 or more cigarettes/day, (3) smokes first puff within 30 minutes after waking up, (4) no quit attempt in the last 12 months, and (5) no intention to quit at all or in the next 12 months, s/he was identified as a hardcore smoker. Multiple regression analysis was done to find the factors associated with HCS.

Results: Prevalence of HCS decreased from 3% in GATS 1 to 2.1% in GATS 2: males from 5.6% to 3.9% and females from 0.3% to 0.2%. Compared to the richest group the poorest, poor and those who belonged to the middle-income group were more likely to report HCS in GATS 1 and 2. However, only in the poorest SES group, there was an increase in the proportion of hardcore smokers in GATS 2 compared to GATS 1. Other factors that were significantly associated with HCS in both surveys were male gender, working adults, those with lower education,  and households without any rules for smoking inside the home.

Conclusions: Tobacco control and cessation efforts need to focus on individuals of poor SES groups, particularly in the high prevalence Indian states.
STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MIXING RATE OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTE ON THE AMOUNT OF PRODUCED BIOGAS
Authors: Akhmetova Irina , Solov'eva Ol'ga , Solov'ev Sergey , Shakurova Rozalina
Published: July 2022

At the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex there is a large amount of waste, most of which is not recycled. This leads to a number of environmental problems, such as soil acidification and the greenhouse effect caused by methane emissions into the atmosphere. Meanwhile, waste from the agro-industrial complex (AIC) is an excellent raw material for the production of biogas, an environmentally friendly fuel that agribusiness enterprises can use for their own generation of heat and electricity, thus reducing the volume of energy purchases from generating companies. In addition to heat and electricity, biogas technologies make it possible to obtain high-quality fertilizers, which agricultural enterprises can later use, for example, for growing greenhouse cropsIn this paper, we studied the effect of the waste mixing rate in a bioreactor on the amount of biogas produced. The studies were carried out at the following mixing speeds: 40, 70 and 100 rpm. The research results showed that at a speed of 70 rpm, the most efficient mixing of the biomass in the reactor is observed. At a stirrer speed of 40 rpm, the presence of dead zones was observed in the reactor, which indicates a low efficiency of biomass mixing. In addition, at a stirrer speed of 70 rpm, the maximum daily production of biogas is observed, namely 1100 l. At a stirrer speed of 100 rpm, a noticeable reduction in the amount of biogas produced was observed due to the high mixing intensity. In general, in the studied time period (17 days), at mixing speeds of 40, 70 and 100 rpm, 9800, 10400 and 8000 liters of gas are produced, respectively. Thus, the highest performance of the bioreactor is achieved at a biomass stirring speed of 70 rpm.
benefits of component-resolved diagnosis in diagnostics of peanut allergy
Authors: Choina Magdalena , Gromek Weronika , Marzęda Magdalena , Lishchuk-Yakymovych Khrystyna , Majsiak Emilia
Published: July 2022

Introduction: Why can a peanut allergy cause exceptionally severe reactions, but not to everyone? Is there a way to identify patients who might experience these reactions? What is molecular diagnostics of allergy and what are the benefits of diagnosing patients at risk of anaphylaxis after consuming peanuts? 
Purpose: The aim of the study is to show the benefits of molecular diagnostics of allergies based on the example of peanut allergy.Description of the state of knowledge: The diagnosis of peanut allergy is based on the assessment of the clinical presentation. The gold diagnostic standard is to perform a food challenge for suspected allergen. The following tests are helpful in diagnosis: skin tests or determination of allergen-specific E antibodies (asIgE) in blood serum. Until recently, the determination of asIgE concentration was possible only for allergen extracts. A milestone in diagnosing allergies is a serological diagnosis based on allergen molecules. The possibility of testing individual molecules increases the sensitivity and specificity of peanut allergy diagnostics and allows to indicate the risk of anaphylaxis in individual patients.Summary: Molecular diagnostics in individuals with peanut allergy make it possible to determine the individual patient’s allergy profile and indicate the risk of anaphylaxis. The information obtained with the help of this tool allows for precise therapeutic recommendations for people allergic to peanuts. Such diagnostics is a step towards personalized medicine in allergology.
Keywords: allergy; molecular diagnostics of allergy; allergen-specific E antibodies; asIgE
What affects chronic lithium poisoning in psychiatric patients? - a case report
Authors: Pożarowska Kinga , Rudziński Gracjan , Brzuszkiewicz Kinga , Tchórz Michał
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Despite medical developments, drug poisoning still occurs. Lithium is a drug that has been used for more than 60 years as a mood stabilizer in the treatment and prevention of bipolar disorder, mania and recurrent depression. Lithium is the most commonly prescribed mood stabilizer. It has a narrow therapeutic index.  Its target concentration in acute mania should be 0.6-1.5 mEq/L and 0.6-0.8 mEq/L for maintenance therapy. Because of this, there is a risk of lithium intoxication. We would like to present to you the case of a patient with chronic lithium poisoning.

MATERIALS  AND METHOD: Patient information was collected from hospital records available in the clinical toxicology department. In addition, we conducted a literature review on lithium treatment, its toxicity, side effects and pharmacokinetics using PubMed.

CASE REPORT: The patient, 58, was referred for lithium poisoning and admitted to the Clinical Toxicology and Cardiology Department in Lublin for treatment. The patient had a previous diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder, hypertension and obesity. According to the history, the patient was admitted to the psychiatric ward due to deterioration of her mental state for a month. She was found to have a high lithium level -2.98 mmol/L and elevated renal function parameters-creatinine 2.13 mg/dl.  During treatment with hemodialysis, these parameters returned to normal.

CONCLUSION: It is important to remember that lithium has a narrow therapeutic range. Attention should be paid during lithium treatment to situations that increase the risk of adverse effects and the development of toxicity, and serum lithium concentrations should be monitored during treatment.
The problem of anemia in elderly patients
Authors: Nieciecka Adrianna , Paszkowska Aleksandra , Kędziora-Kornatowska Kornelia , Lamch Magdalena , Jabłońska Monika , Janiszewska Marta , Błasik Natalia , Groszyk Patryk
Published: July 2022

Introduction and purpose: 
As healthcare develops, life expectancy increases. This makes anemia of the elderly an increasingly common problem. The appearance of this disease is influenced by many factors related to the aging process of the organism. The purpose of this study is to review information about the different mechanisms of anemia development in the elderly and to present the associated difficulties in medical practice.
Description of the state of knowledge:
Many different factors can affect the process of anemia. The causes of this disorder include chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer and nutritional deficiencies. Endocrine status is also important. The chronic inflammatory process may induce haemolysis and lead to the increased synthesis of hepcidin, which by blocking the activity of ferroportin leads to a decrease in the level of iron ions in the blood. Deficiency anemia often results from reduced appetite, inadequate quality of meals, chronic inflammation or taking medications without consulting a doctor. The consequence is a reduced level of iron and vitamin B12 and folic acid, which play a role in erythropoiesis. The hormones that play a significant role in the process of making red blood cells include erythropoietin, testosterone and thyroid hormones.
Summary: 
Anemia is a common problem among geriatric patients and one of the factors contributing to the increase in mortality in this age group. In medical care it is difficult to distinguish which symptoms are pathological and which are related to the natural aging process, overlapping symptoms of many diseases and related diagnostic problems. Diagnostics is a particular challenge due to the multi-morbidity, which is associated with taking many drugs with different mechanisms of action and side effects. 
Keywords: anemia; aging; comorbidity; nutrient-deficiency anemia; inflammation
Therapeutic methods in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer - a review
Authors: Ziętara Karolina Joanna , Pawlina Mateusz , Widłak Karolina , Orzechowska Aleksandra , Raksa Karolina , Nowakowska Katarzyna , Lewkowicz Martyna , Chromiak Karol
Published: July 2022

Breast cancer is a common female malignancy characterized by the presence of multiple subtypes taking into account, among other things, hormonal activity. The purpose of this study is to show the therapeutic options for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). A review of the literature in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science by keywords was performed, taking into account papers from 2017-2022. The main therapeutic approaches are surgical intervention and systemic chemotherapy (neoadjuvant and adjuvant). Unsatisfactory results from chemotherapy have prompted researchers to work on other methods to combat TNBC. Clinical trials are being conducted on the use of immunotherapy focusing mainly on molecules against PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4. Targeted therapy is the latest proposed form of therapy, which offers the possibility of introducing a drug in the future that will be tailored to the patient's needs limiting the negative therapeutic impact.
“We Are the World”: When More Equality Improves Efficiency and Antipandemic Consumptions Are Intervened
Authors: Guo Liang , Xu Wendy
Published: July 2022

More equal consumptions in antipandemic resources can improve efficiency, and intervention policies can increase both social welfare and equality.
HUBUNGAN HIGIENE PETUGAS DEPOT GALON DENGAN JUMLAH BAKTERI E. COLI AIR MINUM PADA DEPOT AIR MINUM ISI ULANG (DAMIU) DI KECAMATAN UMBULHARJO DAN KECAMATAN KOTAGEDE YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Alfian Alfian , Mulasari Surahma Asti , Santri Ichtiarini nurullita
Published: July 2022

Along with the increase in population, the need for drinking water is increasing. Refill drinking water depots are an alternative to meet air needs. Good quality drinking water does not contain E. coli and coliform bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between gallon depot officers and the number of E.coli bacteria in drinking water at refill drinking water depots (DAMIU) in Umbulharjo and Kotagede districts, Yogyakarta. This study used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional research design. The total sample used is 32 with data collection techniques using a check list and research subjects are DAMIU officers. Data analysis in this study used the Fisher Exact Test. The results showed that the hygiene of DAMIU officers obtained 9 respondents (28.1%) had poor hygiene conditions, while 23 respondents (71.9%) had good hygiene conditions. The results of the statistical test obtained a p-value of 0.314, which means that there is no relationship between the hygiene of DAMIU officers and the number of E. coli bacteria in Umbulharjo District and Kotagede District, Yogyakarta in 2018. So people with poor hygiene do not necessarily increase the risk of the presence of E. coli bacteria. in drinking water as much as 0.391 times greater than people who have good sanitation hygiene. The conclusion of this research is that no correlation between the hygiene of gallon depot officers and the number of E. coli bacteria in refilled drinking water in Umbulharjo and Kotagede districts of Yogyakarta (p-value 0.314; RP=0.391; CI=0.096 – 1.591).
A ANÁLISE DIALÓGICA DO DISCURSO COMO POSSIBILIDADE TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICA PARA A PRODUÇÃO DE CONHECIMENTO NA GEOGRAFIA ESCOLAR
Authors: Neves Darlan Da Conceição , Greco Roberto
Published: July 2022

O artigo discute as possibilidades do uso teórico do discurso na Geografia Escolar a partir da perspectiva dialógico-discursiva do Círculo de Mikhail Bakhtin. O desenvolvimento da discussão foi feito a partir do diálogo entre os conceitos desenvolvidos pelo referido autor de enunciado, signo ideológico e gêneros discursivos. Em seguida, foi apresentada e analisada uma faixa de anúncio como objeto de conhecimento em caráter de ilustração. Seguimos esse percurso com vistas a facilitar a apreensão da perspectiva adotada pensando em nosso leitor presumido, o professor de Geografia. Por fim foram discutidos alguns pontos que julgamos relevantes para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio geográfico na perspectiva adotada.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO CARTOGRÁFICA: EXERCITANDO O ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA DA ÁFRICA
Authors: Ferracini Rosemberg , Pereira da Silva Matheus Henrique
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho tem como objetivo, apresentar atividades educativas antirracistas que abordem possibilidades de ensino e aprendizagem no processo de alfabetização cartográfica do continente africano decolonial, Santos (2009). Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, foram elaboradas propostas metodológicas de ensino baseadas em Anjos (2015), de linguagem cartográfica para o 6º e 7º ano do Ensino Fundamental do Instituto Líber – Porangatu-GO. As práticas pedagógicas decoloniais foram viabilizadas através do concurso de desenhos virtuais, que tiveram a produção de mapas dos Reinos e Impérios Africanos, utilizando as plataformas digitais durante o período de pandemia – COVID 19. Teve-se como meta, utilizar os desenhos dos mapas como um recurso que fortaleça a compreensão dos conteúdos relacionados à população e território do continente africano. Como resultado, pode-se aduzir que houve um comprometimento melhor dos alunos no processo de análise de informações, além do professor-pesquisador poder levantar um estudo crítico-analítico da aplicação da lei 10.639/03 na Geografia escolar, fazendo uma relação entre teoria e prática.
TERRITÓRIO E ESTUDOS DE MATRIZ DECOLONIAL: CAMINHOS E POSSIBILIDADES DE PESQUISA NA GEOGRAFIA
Authors: Corrêa Gabriel Siqueira , Santos Carolina Da Silva
Published: July 2022

O cenário latino americano apresenta atualmente uma pluralidade de lutas sociais que foram durante décadas invisibilizadas e subalternizadas por narrativas coloniais, que as viam como resquício do passado. Destaca-se que a pauta dessas lutas sociais construídas, por exemplo, por indígenas e quilombolas, tem transformado o território numa categoria política das lutas, em que o conceito passa a ser mobilizado em uma perspectiva integradora. Diante disso, o presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar possibilidades teóricas para o campo investigativo dos estudos sobre território em Geografia, associados a corrente decolonial. Como exemplo, indica-se de forma introdutória, uma relação com o campo de estudos das comunidades remanescentes de quilombo. Pretende-se assim, apresentar tanto a potencialidade do conceito de território como as dificuldade teórico-metodológica em operacionalizar pesquisas a partir do debate da colonialidade.
Eksplorasi Desain Logo Kawasan Edu Wisata Herbal Batu
Authors: Umilia Ema
Published: July 2022

Eduwisata merupakan salah satu potensi pariwisata di Kota Batu yang perlu dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan nilai edukasi dan perekonomian di sekitarnya. Pengembangan eduwisata herbal di Kecamatan Batu masih sebatas pengembangan agrowisata perkebunan buah-buahan, sedangkan terdapat potensi lain berupa tanaman herbal/biofarmaka yang juga dapat dikembangkan menjadi agrowisata. Dalam perencanaan kawasan Eduwisata Herbal di Kota Batu ini perlu adanya eksplorasi terhadap desain logo menggunakan elemen grafis yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk branding Kawasan Eduwisata Kota Batu. Sehingga Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah eksplorasi desain logo Eduwisata herbal di Kota Batu untuk branding Kawasan Eduwisata Kota Batu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi pustaka dan komparasi terhadap beberapa desain logo untuk mendapatkan hasil berupa desain logo yang sesuai dengan keinginan dan melambangkan identitas diri Kawasan Eduwisata Herbal Batu. Adapun elemen grafis yang dikembangkan berupa logo yang  dibuat dengan beberapa langkah yang disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan eduwisata herbal oro-oro ombo, menghasilkan logo yang memiliki makna disetiap elemennya yaitu daun yang berarti herbal, tiga huruf “o” yang berarti oro oro ombo, serta bentuk menyambung yang bermaksud sustainable terhadap lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi, serta bentuk huruf “o” yang berbasis lingkaran melambangkan eduwisata herbal yang lengkap.
Alat Monitoring Temperatur, Salinitas, dan Oksigen Terlarut Berbasis IoT pada Budi Daya Tambak Bandeng di Desa Kemangi Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Indriawati Katherin
Published: July 2022

Desa Kemangi yang terletak di Kabupaten Gresik  Jawa Timur merupakan salah satu desa yang mata pencaharian masyarakatnya adalah sebagai petani tambak. Bandeng merupakan hasil utama masyarakat Desa Kemangi yang pengelolaan dan monitoringnya masih dilakukan secara konvensional. Pada paper ini, diuraikan hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat berbasis penelitian untuk memonitor parameter kualitas air tambak berupa temperatur, salinitas, dan oksigen terlarut (DO). Alat yang digunakan untuk memonitor kualitas air tambak ini dapat bekerja secara realtime dan dilengkapi dengan fitur internet of thing (IoT) sehingga hasilnya dapat diakses lewat smartphone. Alat monitoring yang telah dibuat tersebut dibagikan pada saat kegiatan penyuluhan kepada para petambak. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner yang diberikan pada bagian akhir penyuluhan, diperoleh informasi bahwa semua peserta cukup memahami cara penggunaan dan perawatan alat monitoring kualitas air tambak ini.

 

Kata Kunci: Kualitas Air, Tambak, Alat Monitoring, Salinitas, IoT
Pemanfaatan Potensi Sungai Irigasi untuk Penerangan Jalan Desa dengan Menggunakan Turbin Air Crossflow di Kelurahan Candirenggo Kec.Singosari, Kab Malang
Authors: Mirmanto Heru , Anzip Arino , Noor Dedy Zulhidayat , Akbar Ilham
Published: July 2022

Pada saat ini keberadaan energi fosil semakin hari semakin menipis, untuk itu konsep Renewable Energy diharapkan mampu memberikan kontribusi sebagai sumber energi alternatif. Salah satunya Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikro Hidro (PLTMH) menggunakan Turbin air crossflow.  Turbin ini sangat sederhana dan mudah perawatannya, begitupula Head dan debit yang tidak terlalu besar, sehingga cocok digunakan untuk memanfaatkan saluran irigasi di daerah pegunungan sebagai sumber energi listrik alternatif untuk penerangan jalan desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan turbin air breastshot cross flow dengan diameter rotor D = 500 mm, sudu terbuat dari separuh pipa PVC Æ = 4” dengan variasi jumlah sudu 12 dan 6. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jumlah rotor 12 blade mempunyai performance yang lebih baik dibanding 6 blade, yaitu Power 75,07 Watt; Torsi = 3,53 Nm; dan efisiensi = 31,42 % pada putaran 261 rpm
SISVEV
Authors: Ferreira Mota Marcelo
Published: July 2022

Sob responsabilidade do Ministério da Saúde há um departamento dedicado à área de Informação e comunicação (DATASUS) responsável pelo desenvolvimento e manutenção dos Sistemas de Informação em Saúde (SIS), utilizado pelos municípios brasileiros e pelas instituições públicas de saúde.
Measuring potential interest in a postpartum contraceptive vaginal ring among breastfeeding women in India
Authors: Begg Lorna , Sailer Jim , Hazra Avishek , Roy Malabika , Merkatz Ruth , Haddad Lisa , Brodsky Rebecca , Bongaarts John
Published: July 2022

Access to safe and effective contraception for postpartum women is an important priority in India, where the unmet need for postpartum contraception is high. In this paper, we estimate the potential market size in India for the progesterone vaginal ring (PVR), a novel user-controlled contraceptive method that offers additional contraceptive choice for lactating women. We integrated results of a one-year phase-3 multicenter clinical trial for the PVR conducted in India with an analysis of the National Family Health Survey (2015–16) and 2019 United Nations Population Division data to generate three estimates of potential market size for the PVR among postpartum breastfeeding women in India. We estimate the potential market size for the PVR ranges from a low estimate of 543,262 women to a high estimate of 1.3 million women, with a separate intermediate estimate of 737,460 women. Our analysis indicates the PVR could play an important role in decreasing unmet need among postpartum women in India, thereby reducing risks to mothers and children associated with short birth intervals, helping to prevent unintended pregnancies, and helping to address access-related issues heightened by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Community structure and timing of sexual activity among adolescent girls in Nigeria
Authors: Somefun Oluwaseyi Dolapo , Olamijuwon Emmanuel
Published: July 2022

Studies have linked the timing of sexual debut to unplanned pregnancies and sexually transmissible infections, including HIV. Current understandings of sexual debut among Nigerian adolescents focused on the roles of individual and familial characteristics. We leveraged the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey data to examine how community features like affluence, ethnic diversity, and women empowerment may be associated with the timing of sexual debut among adolescent girls. The sample comprised 7449 adolescent girls who were usual residents in 6,505 households and 1,352 clusters or communities. Statistical associations between community characteristics and the onset of sexual debut were assessed using a two-level mixed-effects parametric survival model with Weibull distribution. We found that community affluence [aHR:0.43, 95%CI: 0.30–0.62] and community ethnic diversity [aHR: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.42–0.94] are associated with a lower hazard of sexual debut among adolescent girls. We also observed that women that married within the observation period had an earlier sexual initiation than those who were unmarried. The results disaggregated by marital status further shows that higher community level of women’s employment [aHR: 2.45, 95%CI: 1.38–4.38] and women’s education [aHR:1.85, 95%CI: 1.03–3.33] were associated with a higher hazard of sexual debut among unmarried adolescent girls but not married adolescent girls. Higher community affluence [aHR:0.40, 95%CI: 0.27–0.60] was also associated with a lower hazard of sexual debut among unmarried adolescent girls but not married adolescent girls. Our results illuminate the associated factors of the timing of sexual debut among adolescent girls that moves beyond individual characteristics to community characteristics.