bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis on the Required Commercial Competences for Women Entrepreneurship Development in Selected Countries
Authors: Pandzherova Asya , Krastev Dimitar
Published: February 2020

The scientific report is based on a desk research and an on-line survey done within an Erasmus + project, under Key Action 2 – Cooperation for innovation and the exchange of good practices, High Education Sector, named European Partnership for Social Inclusion and Creation of Skills for Women Entrepreneurship E-learning. The project is realized by three partner countries and it is focused on the social inclusion of women wishing to develop their own business in the area of trade and logistics through integration into entrepreneurship, acquiring practical skills and competences in order to generate financial, cultural and social value. A comparative analysis of the trade competences required for the development of women's entrepreneurship in the three partner countries is done. In the analysis, a study of the necessary literature in order to establish the theoretical and methodological framework of the study was initially carried out. Via a study of the existing competency models in the field of trade, the key necessary competencies for the realization of a trader have been identified. They serve to develop a questionnaire and they are the basis for the comparative analysis between the three partner countries.
The Upper Karabakh Predicament from the UN Resolutions to the Mediated Negotiations: Resolution or Hibernation?
Authors: Askerov Ali , Matyok Thomas
Published: February 2020

Despite the third party efforts of the significant international and regional organizations, such as the UN and the OSCE, the Upper Karabakh problem remains unresolved for over 20 years. Neither the four resolutions related to Armenia’s invasion of Azerbaijani lands adopted by the UN SC in the early 1990s have worked, nor the formal negotiations over this conflict that have taken place under the auspices of the OSCE Minsk Group for more than 20 years have reached any tangible results. These facts give rise to questions about effectiveness of the role of this institution in reaching a resolution to the conflict. The ceasefire regime is in effect since May 1994 without changing the situation, in which Armenia still keeps about 20 percent of Azerbaijani lands under invasion and is effectively involved in building a new state over the invaded lands. This paper analyzes the effectiveness of UN resolutions in liberating Azerbaijan’s invaded regions, both within and outside of Upper Karabakh, as well as the OSCE mediation efforts to resolve this conflict. It also discusses effectiveness of the negotiation process, and raises a question about impartiality of the mediators and usefulness of the mediation institution of the OSCE in general. It argues that the OSCE Minsk Group has failed to successfully establish and lead the process of negotiations, thus expecting a fruitful yield is not realistic.
Fight against Organized Crime as One of the Fundamental Conditions for the Integration in the European Union. Albanian Case
Authors: Spahiu Vilma
Published: February 2020

The Integration of Albania in the European Union Structures remains one of the most important challenges of the Albanian government, since the post-communist period. To become a member of these structures with full rights, the Albanian government must fulfil some conditions and criteria. The main purpose of this paper relates to the analysis of the war against organized crime, as one of the fundamental conditions for the European Integration. The war against organized crime has been chosen as the most important focus because the defined criteria in this matter, regardless the efforts to improve the situation, have not yet given the desired results. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize the fact that lately the representatives of European Union increasingly are underlying in their statements that Albanian governments must document reliable data, regarding the war against organized crime, and they must document sustainability in this direction and give concrete results, because still in the security sector the proper objectives have not been reached. The real issue is not related with the missing of a national strategy in the war against the organized crime, but with the effective implementation and application of this strategy.
The Role of Schools Co-Operative in Cultivating Entrepreneurship Culture and Mind among Chinese Students
Authors: Jusoh Osman
Published: February 2020

Entrepreneurship is very important in the development of human capital and the development of the country. The objective of this study is to explore the role played by the Co-operativeactivities in school in cultivating entrepreneurship culture among Chinese students . Eight dimensions of entrepreneurial tendencies were selected and divided into external and internal factors. The external factors included future orientation , social network and the external environment . The internal factors are motivation, creativity and innovation, self-esteem, locus of controland lastly risk-taking. According to McClelland’sTheory of Motivation Achievement, individuals withhigh potentialenergyandhowthisenergyis releasedand developeddependon the individuals’ strengthor motivationand also the opportunities available. A total of one hundred students from a Chinese national type secondary schools in the District of Manjung , Perak were randomly selected for this study. They were studying in Form 4 and Form 5 who might or might not involve in the school co-operative activities. The questionnaire used was tested with the Cronbach Alpha and the reliability valued was 0.931 . The results showed that the school co-operative activities did not play a significant role in instilling entrepreneurship among Chinese students (r =-0029, p=0.771) p
Justification of Acquisitive Prescription in the Civil Law System. Why is It Not an “Uncompensated Deprivation?
Authors: Dode Silvana
Published: February 2020

Acquisitive prescription (a civil law institute) and Adverse Possession, its equivalent in the common law system is alreadya consolidated private law institute. It is recognised from the legal systems of almost each country in the world and is among the most important original ways of gaining ownership.Its constitutionality and the fact that should it be recognized from a legal system or not was brought in question in 2002, sparking a debate between lawyers in the world. The debate rose after the announcement of the decision of the ECHR (European. Court of Human Rights) in the case JA Pye ( Oxford) Ltd vs Graham. The Fourth Chamber of the ECHR held that acquisitive prescription is actually an 'uncompensated deprivation. First, we will analyze the main theories on the basis of which this institute is justified. The question to be raised for the review of the article is whether prescription is morally and legally justified, especially in the case of prescription in bad faith. In the end, it will be reached the conclusion that there are justified reasons for the prescription and it is a very useful institution inthe civil circulation. But preliminary stricter legal criteria must be met for the recognition of the property right by prescription, especially in the case of bad faith prescription. The law should aim to provide a greater protection to the legitimate owner.
Labour Law of E.U. About the Free Circolation: A Comment on Recent Discussion According to Most Relevant Pronunciations of Justice Court
Authors: Boccia Antonio Vito Pasquale
Published: February 2020

Today, into Shengen’s area, some of the european countries -among which the Austrian Republic- because of illegal immigration and because of the terrorist attacks too, decide for the temporany national frontier closing: directly between the same countries that build up the European Union. If it happens, in this period, it would mean also the unavoidable restriction of the working rights among the european citizens. But what did represent and does represent the freedom of circulation among the workers in the law Community system? Naturally there will be a law discussion about: in this occasion we try to give an aswer to this question, according to the right, but -above all- let’s try to bring back the discussion on a line of law correctness, according to the recent decisions of the European Court of Justice that set limits to the topic.
The Role of the Investigative Prosecutor and Judge in the Pre-Trial Proceedings in Kosovo (1999-2013)
Authors: Kabashi Haki
Published: February 2020

The journey of the human society has gone through many challenges, the organization of which was based on written and unwritten rules that were used to preserve the kind. Later on these rules are replaced with written codes and laws. The separation in between criminal law and criminal procedure has its genesis with the appearance of the Austrian Criminal Code (1803). As it is historically known, after the Balkan Wars (1912), Kosovo was invaded by Serbia and Montenegro. On the Paris Conference (1919-1944) it was appended to the Yugoslavian Kingdom, Tito’s Yugoslavia (1945-1989 constitutive element of Yugoslavia). On March 23rd 1989 Milosevic destroyed its Autonomy with violence. On 1998-99 the war with Serbia breaks out, which on 10th of June 1999 ended (after NATO’s intervention), therefore installing the UNMIK Misssion and administration that even after the Declaration of Independence of Kosovo (17th February 2008). After UNMIK’s administration in Kosovo, the Law of the Criminal Procedure of ex-Yugoslavia was an applicable law. Its application was extended until the drafting and application of the Temporary Criminal Procedure Code of Kosovo (2004). The comparative methodology, written sources and different official raports are used to write this paper. The comparative data shows that with new Code, the authority of the Prosecution is empowered therefore weakening the role of the Court in the pretrial procedure, the number of the prescribed cases has risen and the discontent of the citizens also, towards the judicial system.
Estimating Barro misery index in democratic states with application in Albania: 2005 – 2014
Authors: Kolaneci Fejzi , Duzha Juxhen , Lika Enxhi
Published: February 2020

In the present study we develop a statistical analysis of the Barro misery index and its components in contemporary democratic states with application in Republic of Albania during the period January 2005- December 2014. BMI is calculated by the formula: BMI = ? + u – GPD + i, where BMI denotes quarterly Barro misery index, ? denotes quarterly inflation rate, u denotes quarterly unemployment rate, GDP denotes quarterly real GDP growth rate, i denotes nominal long-term interest rate. Kolmogorov’s Central Limit Theorem is a fundamental theorem of Modern Probability Theory “Fair game” and “Effective market in week sense” are important concepts of Macroeconomics. Some results of the study include : Kolmogorov’s Central Limit Theorem is not valid for quarterly inflation rates in Albania during the period January 2005- December 2014 at the confidence 99. 9%. The inflation process in Albania during the specified period, related to the quarterly inflation rate, is an unfair game at the confidence 98. 8%. The inflation process in Albania during the specified period, related to the quarterly inflation rate, is not effective at the confidence 97. 5% Kolmogorov’s Central Limit Theorem is not valid for quarterly unemployment rates in Albania during the specified period at the confidence 99. 9%. The unemployment process in Albania during the specified period, related to the quarterly unemployment rate, is an unfair game at the confidence 99. 9%. The unemployment process in Albania during the specified period, related to the quarterly unemployment rate, is not effective at the confidence 99. 9% The official data of the quarterly GDP growth rate for Albania during the specified period contradict Kolmogorov’s Central Limit Theorem at the confidence 77. 1%. The GDP growth rate process for Albania during the specified period is a fair game at the confidence 86. 4%. The GDP growth rate process for Albania during the specified period is not effective at the confidence 99. 9%. The official data of the quarterly Barro misery index for Albania during the specified period contradict Kolmogorov’s Central Limit Theorem at the confidence 96. 1%. The Barro misery index for Albania during the specified period is a fair game at the confidence 84. 8%. The Barro misery index process for Albania during the specified period is not effective at the confidence 63. 7%.
The Representation of Women in Turkish Local Governments
Authors: Yavuzçehre Pinar Savaş , Öztepe Mısra Ciğeroğlu
Published: February 2020

Turkey is one of the countries which has the lowest representation of women in local governments (LGs) in the world. While in many countries, women are more successful to participate in local political decision-making processes, the situation is vice versa in Turkey. The tendency of women to participate in politics at both national and local level is quite low in the country and this arises from several reasons such as the cultural and patriarchal structure of the country, the roles attributed to women by society, the insufficiency of women's education level etc. In this framework, this study aims to evaluate the representation of women in the LGs in Turkey. In this context, the theoretical framework is examined and the data and statistics regarding the issue are analyzed. Our analysis reveals that despite the efforts to increase the political representation of women in LGs, the invisibility of women in LGs is still a significant issue in the country.
Comparison of Different Time and Frequency Domain Feature Extraction Methods on Elbow Gesture’s EMG
Authors: Altın Cemil , Er Orhan
Published: February 2020

Objective:In this study we will get EMG signals from arm for different elbow gestures, than filtering the signal and later classification the signal. The reason for doing is that, EMG signals are used for many rehabilitation and assistive prostheses of paralyzed or injured people. Methods:Filtering a biological signal is the key point for these type studies. Filtering the EMG signals needed and starts with the elimination of the 50 Hz mains supply noise. After filtering the signal, feature extraction will be applied for both wrist flexion and wrist extension cases. There are many feature extraction methods for time and frequency domain. After feature extraction, classification of hand movements will be studied using extracted features. Classification is made using K Nearest Neighbor algorithm. The dataset used in this study is acquired by the EMG signal acquisition tool and belong to us. Results:90 % accuracy performance is obtained by K Nearest Neighbor algorithm purposed signal classification. Conclusion:This system is capable of conducting the classification process with a good performance to biomedical studies. So,this structure can be helpful as machine-learning based decision support system for medical purpose.
The Transition to Democracy in Bulgaria: Much-Needed Reforms, Showed by AI-Approach, AI-Methodology and AI-Cognitive G-Space Architecture
Authors: Goshev Georgi
Published: February 2020

In this paper we review the leading barrier to democratic change - societies' limited command of democratic principles and practices and the lack of built-in device in the authority for mechanisms of civil control in democratic rule of law. Main contribution of this work is the illustrative example of the capabilities developed by Goshev - Goshev AI-tools: AI-approach, AI-methodology and AI-cognitive G-space architecture to improve the legal and statutory mechanisms of power. Below are elaborated comprehensive measures focused on the success of the transition to democracy. These measures include: a. A complete overhaul of the status-quo in education in democracy. Particularly, the existing cursory, unsystematic, and primarily targeted to children and youth educational patch-work would be replaced by a structured, comprehensive and all-inclusive progressively graduated educational system b. An exhaustive reform of the legislative base. This reform would be more comprehensive and rigorous than reforms mandated as part of EU integration/membership. Specifically, the reform would involve development of logically complete and consistent context-specific designs of democratic legal systems and institutions, their testing and writing into legislation c. Development of mechanisms for permanent monitoring and improvement of the legal system and state governance. Mechanisms of such type would provide for early detection and swift rectification of practices inconsistent with the values and norms of democracy. Keywords: Ttransition to democracy; AI-approach; AI-methodology; and AI-cognitive G-space architecture
The Socio-Psychological Impact of Divorce on School Children through Analysis of Interviews Implemented to Students and School Psychologists in Tirana\Albania
Authors: Isik Muhammed Ali
Published: February 2020

Recent studies indicate that there is great influence of divorce on children`s lives. The effect of a divorced couple with children may cause a lifespan impact on them; especially young aged children may experience dramatic and traumatic adjustments that could lead to mental, physical and emotional disorders. The effect is not only with visible traces but also their mindsets, hearts, spiritual well-beings may get effected from low to high scales; visible to non-visible; long-term to short term periods. The present study was mainly focused on divorced children from secondary and high school students in Albania as to observe, investigate and analyze the impact of divorce on children and their school lives. One of the main problems observed with divorced families was the uncertain role of the parent that would beheld child`s educational needs. Also how divorce impact on those children when their parents get the divorced, do they feel secure or not, or do they miss the parents who do not live with children or do they hate them. Do those children have low academic achievement in school, or not were main concerns of the present study. Together with this particular study as well as the interview with some psychologists, the obtained data and analysis of them indicated that support from school does not provide sufficient emotional support for children of divorced families. Present study also shows that there isn`t significant correlation between psychologists, children and parents in regard with expected sufficient emotional support and betterment of children`s current situations.
An Evaluation of the Nature of Public Spaces in the Private Realm over the Examples of Privately Owned Public Spaces in NYC
Authors: Ertan Tuğçe , Meric Hamit Gokay
Published: February 2020

The designing and implementation of public spaces have a crucial role in the development of cities. A city’s success is generally based on the quality of its public spaces and it is a fact that public space is an elementary aspect of urban life. Moreover, one mandatory standard for big cities to function well is there to be a welcoming public space, where a number of urban activities can take place. According to the general notion, parks, streets, city squares, sidewalks, etc. can be included in public spaces. In addition to these, some indoor spaces such as below ground stories, plaza entrances and places like waterfronts or elevated structures with new functions have been considered as public space nowadays. In order to create, design and finance public spaces, sometimes private organizations and public governmental bodies cooperate. However, a game changer in the public and private realm was the 1961 zoning program of New York City Department of City Planning. This program gave permission to private developers build more floor space than they were allowed in exchange for supplying public spaces. As a result of this act, privately owned public spaces (POPS) were created blurring the definition of public space. Today there are more than five hundred POPS in NYC including indoor and outdoor spaces. This study will try to provide an analysis and general view of POPS as public spaces questioning the issues about their use, control and ownership. The criteria of successful urban design for public spaces and the role of governmental authorities in regulating and planning the public spaces will be discussed along with the boundaries and scope of public activities that can take place in public spaces. Finally, the question of whether the ownership of public space by private harms the concept of public space and the rights of citizens will be approached via different perspectives. After looking at the conceptual definitions of public space in literature and analyzing specific examples of POPS, this paper will attempt to come up with a functioning definition of public space in the private realm.
Hardiness and Resilience Versus Personality Work in Visually Impaired
Authors: Kvasova Olga , Savina Olga
Published: February 2020

Personality, trauma, research last 20 years showed that people in crisis are not only injured, suffering, but able to resist, withstand also solves life problems: not only adapt, but take courage to overcome difficulties, to love, to work, to construct, to let personality grow? Theoretically described in activity-meaning approach, focusing on positive aspects of extreme situation and meaning personality work with a traumatic experience (M. Magomed-Eminov, 1990, 2009) so that demonstrate resilience, coping, overcoming and hardiness. The study was aimed at identifying resistance in extreme situations by the comparative analysis of discourses of people with normal vision and impaired people with its various etiologies (blind from birth and have lost their vision due to injury). We tested manifestation of resistance in people with visual impairment (congenital or acquired as a result of injury), and sighted by a "Test of hardiness" (S. Maddi) and developed life situation interview. The sample (90 people) of three groups: 1) with intact vision, 2) loss of vision due to trauma, 3) with congenital visual impairment. The overall level of viability, control and risk taking). The third group demonstrated the highest score of hardiness. Comparative analysis showed statistically significant differences in these parameters between people with congenital impairment and two other groups, differences between people who lost vision due to trauma, and sighted are not significant. Qualitative analysis of crises experience showed that in traumatic loss the fact of blindness becomes one of the central problems in life experience and possibility of positive transformation and integration is less probable because loss of vision “completely changed their lives, former life meaning”. People with congenital visual impairment, showing similarities with sighted in allocation of types of loss and crisis situations (loss of a loved one, family breakdown, etc. ), but in description of effects and what they do with experience - more active and positive view on situation, future perspective and own efforts to overcome difficulties, to care of others, fulfill personality work which actually makes it possible to transform the hardiness into resilience, positive outcome of the disaster.
Managing Diversity and Capabilities
Authors: Özdemir Feriha
Published: February 2020

As a powerful driver, small and medium enterprises (SME) has a huge contribution to the German economy. The shortage of skilled workers underlines an emerging and resilient German economy. However, the future prospects of SME depend on creative employees as key actors. Nevertheless, demographic change is perceptible so that the labour integration of resident immigrants becomes more important. But several studies investigated inequalities especially discrimination in the labour market intensifying brain drain. Social discrimination has great impact on the capabilities of people, particularly in labour. Disadvantages are exposed to a lack of opportunities with the result of a capability gap. Diversity management offers competitive advantages but is mostly a management tool of bigger enterprise performances. This paper will present a process of enabling and empowering management process of capabilities. It is presented by the example of the solution cycle which will be called a participatory process design contributing to the lack in the classic management of diversity.
Dual Diagnosis as a Tool for Therapists and Social Workers
Authors: Lipczyński Andrzej , Kinal Jarosław , Rzeszow Institute of Sociology University of
Published: February 2020

The problem of dual diagnosis described as the first in Poland Lehmann in 1993. He noticed that for people with dual diagnosis is needed different diagnostic and therapeutic-specific approach and that social services (Lehman, 2000; Le hman 1993; Lehman, Myers 1994). Clinical experience suggests the need for a clear separation of this group of patients from both patients and the mentally ill odwykowo. T HAT approach allows to carry out homogeneous diagnostic psychiatric patients. Such ayodrębnienie It is dictated by the difficulties of diagnostic and therapeutic (Siegfried 1998; Sciacca 1991; Lehman, 1998). One clinical term for such a diverse group of patients do not permit a homogeneous diagnostic tests and determine the needs, problems and medical treatment and social services. Interest in this group of patients is not only due to cognitive reasons, but also due to the increasing number of people with dual diagnosis, more effective treatment and social assistance. Another reason is the rapidly growing number of people with PD. This group represents a challenge for physicians, social workers (Crome, Myton 2004; Lehman 2000; Alaja, Sepia1998).Clinical studies confirm the phenomenon of interactivity in which a mentally ill person is at high risk of developing mood-dependent dependence, particularly alcohol and those who are at high risk for mental illness (Lehman 2000).Dual diagnosis is the term defining the clinical coexistence in the same person from one side of a mental disorder, and disorders related to psychoactive substances, mostly drugs and / or alcohol (Abel-Saleh 2004; Crome, Myton 2004). The population of patients with dual diagnosis is large and varies widely in type and severity of the mental illness, the type of psychoactive agents and specific disorders resulting from the adoption of psychoactive substances, psychological and social skills which is obtained support and other factors (Lehman 1996; Ridgely 1987), such as schizophrenia. Severe mental illness (severe mental illness) as a concept which takes into account the clinical diagnosis (diagnosis) the degree of impairment of (disability) and duration of disorder (duration). This criterion includes serious mental breakdowns such as schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, depression. These disorders seriously impair people-to-people contact, self-care. Treatment of people with dual diagnosis is a problem because it results from the combination of two extremely different ways of dealing with mental illness and addiction.
Corporate Blogging: The New Age PR Tool
Authors: Philip Leena
Published: February 2020

Effective public relations can create and build up the image of an individual or an organisation or a nation. At the time of adverse publicity or when the organisation is under crisis an effective Public Relations can remove the "misunderstanding" and can create mutual understanding between the organisation and the public. Public relations, in the internal environment area, are directed to both the entire organization and to its individual departments and units. Internal communication and good internal communication channels are of paramount importance. From an internal perspective, organizations must be able to communicate effectively with its human resources in order to streamline organizational development. Finally, public relations must also be an important part of internal communication to promote planned change and development within the organization.
The Bulgarian Occupation Zone During World War II
Authors: Ademi Haxhi
Published: February 2020

After the invasion of Yugoslavia, especially Kosovo by the German army in World War II (1941), Kosovo was divided into three occupation zones, which were defined in the Vienna talks. In addition to the interests of of the big countries like Italy and Germany, the latter also sought to meet the demands of Bulgaria, another ally of the Fascist Bloc. Thus, Bulgaria sought to pass under its rule a part of the districts of Gjilan, Vitia, Old Kacanik, the region of Presevo, Kumanovo, Skopje, Veles, Prilep and Bitola. In these regions lived about 200.000 Albanians, who came under Bulgarian occupation. Thus, the Bulgarian occupation zone covered an area of 900 km², with 60.842 inhabitants, or 8% of the total area of Kosovo and over 9% of its population. The Bulgarian invaders declared all Albanian territories annexed by them as an integral part of the Bulgarian Kingdom. The policy followed by the Bulgarians against the Albanians during their rule in these areas was usually of the ordinary brutality. Albanians were interned, imprisoned, and killed in the most inhuman ways. In others word, they have been denied every national and human right. As a result of the violence and pressure on the part of the Bulgarian invaders, by September 1942, 3.000-4.000 Albanians were displaced from their lands invaded by the Bulgarians.
Interdisciplinary View into Optimism and Pessimism in Emic Perspective
Authors: Alić Amel , Cerić Haris , Habibović Sedin
Published: February 2020

The tradition of research of optimism and pessimism is very popular nowadays, but the past decades had offered a string of very interesting access into this phenomenon as within separate cultures so on the plan of cross-cultural comparisons. The aim of this research was to establish to which extent the different variables describing the style and lifestyle of students in Bosnia and Herzegovina are connected with the level of optimism / pessimism. In that regard, beside the general information on examinees, the differences regarding sex, evaluation of parental control dimensions and emotionality (family status), the level of empathy, intercultural sensibility, and the resistance and or the inclination to depressive, anxious conditions and stress, had been affirmed. An interdisciplinary approach dominated in this research (connecting the knowledge from pedagogy, psychology, sociology) relevant for the question of optimism/pessimism, as well as emic perspective, a perspective of view from within in research of one culture a combination of both qualitative and quantitative methods. The empiric part of research has covered the sample comprising of 457 examinees, students of the Universities of Zenica and University of Sarajevo with total of 9 faculties covering technical, scientific, social and humanistic sciences. The results had confirmed some of previously obtained both theoretical and empiric thesis on connection of optimism / pessimism with family background, level of empathy, intercultural sensitivity and preference of examinees' lifestyles.
Mapping Albania’s Path in the 1990s: Between Authoritarianism and Democratisation
Authors: Çela Lumnis
Published: February 2020

For nearly half a century as one of the most repressive communist dictatorships of Eastern Europe, thoroughly lacking a democratic political culture, Albania is considered to have undergone a prolonged and difficult transition towards liberalisation. Despite the political transformations that occurred in the beginning of the 1990s, the democratic quality continued to be influenced by the legacies of the past. In this context, the article focuses on the trails of Albania’s political behaviour during the new pluralistic order where features of authoritarianism and intolerance were continuously manifested by the country’s leadership. Given the frequent instability atmosphere, the article analyses and assesses the key moments of the first post-communist decade by trying to demonstrate that the need to build a proper democratic political system was (un)intentionally ignored by the ruling elite in turns, consequently leading to a rather distorted picture of Albania’s transition path in the 1990s.
Employed Students' Development Challenges in Georgia
Authors: Gulua Ekaterine , Kharadze Natalia
Published: February 2020

Caring for human resource development is an important issue in all directions, on a macro, micro, and individual level (Gulua, Ekaterine, 2013). This is the key pillar of effectiveness and progress (Gulua, Ekaterine, 2012), this is a resource that is responsible for rational development of all other resources. The level of human resource development is directly proportionate to the development of the organization, the country's development, and conversely the more developed a country, an organization is, the more appreciated are the people - the main factor of its success (Gulua, Ekaterine;, 2014). The developed countries differ from developing ones by the attitude towards a person, his/her potential. Therefore, organizations need to take care of people in many ways: spiritual, physical, intellectual (basic, emotional, social), career development. Only in this case the organization gets dedicated, case-oriented, highly qualified employees. At the same time, the main moral responsibility for their managing power is simplifying development opportunities for the human being. (Gulua, Ekaterine;, 2011). One of the most interesting issues in human resource management is the management of human resource development. Consequently, it provides good opportunities for scientific research. The main purpose of the functioning of human potential management laboratory is the actualization of these issues at all levels in Georgia. The present work is dedicated to studying employed students’ challenges in Georgia. The issue of employed students’s development is complex and depends on many issues such as: country development level, level of students’ consciousness and their material status, development level of higher education institutions, employers' organizational policies, etc. The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the attitude of the organizations towards the employed students-colleagues.
Diversity and uniqueness of Family business in the North of Portugal
Authors: Marques Ana Paula
Published: February 2020

Family businesses are the most omnipresent form of business organisations at the international and national levels. In Portugal, family firms account for more than 70% of all businesses, contributing with 50% in employment creation. Yet, most of the existing literature does not converge in a consensual and operative definition of what are core elements which distinguish family business from non-family business. Therefore, it is crucial to extend our knowledge on important family business topics due to the broadness, diversity, uniqueness and growth potential of family business in the whole world. In this sense, the ongoing project “Roadmap for Portuguese Family Businesses” (NORTE2020/FEDER) is focused on providing a better understanding and assessment of the impact of family businesses in the North of Portugal on the local, national and international economies. This research addresses a major problem that has been identified in Europe and consists in the lack of institutional visibility, particularly of accurate and up-to-date statistics in this sector. This paper begins by identifying some of the interesting research questions that emerge from examining the business family portraits. Then, based on some preliminary empirical findings gathered from ongoing research, first of all, we intend to identify interesting profiles of family business by mobilising some socioeconomic variables; and secondly, to point out major challenges faced by Portuguese family business.
Dissecting Export Trade Patterns of Georgian Economy and the Growing Importance of the European Union Market
Authors: Belkania Davit
Published: February 2020

From the very beginning of its rebirth after leaving the Soviet Union, Georgia embarked on a transition to a free market economy and linked its fate to western culture. Since then, strengthening the private sector, creating an attractive investment climate, promoting trade liberalization and above all else fostering exports are the main concerns of the country. Thus, as an export-oriented country, close examination of the Georgian export performance is of great importance. Besides the decomposition of general export trends for the period of 2008-2017, this paper applies Balassa index of revealed comparative advantage (RCA) to identify the key export sectors with comparative advantage and correspondingly with higher growth potential; By this shaping the export promotion policy to prioritize those sectors as the main drivers to increase export earnings. Furthermore, the study employed export product diversification index to gauge the convergence degree of Georgian exports structure by products to the structure of the world; as it significantly affects the resistance of a country towards the trade shocks caused by a price instability of the exported commodities. Eventually, the EU-Georgia trade relationship will be assessed through the trade intensity index to check whether the value of trade between the EU and Georgia is corresponding to the expectations based on their importance in world trade. The results show the comparative advantage for nine products (HS4) that account for -60%- of total exports including all the major sectors of Georgian export production. The diversification degree of export products improved over the last decade but still very poor, thus, it is unlikely for Georgia to resist the external trade shocks in case of a price instability of the exported commodities. Furthermore, despite the removal of the main trade barriers between EU and Georgia, it appears that the bilateral trade relationship is characterized by a low-intensity pattern, meaning that there is much to trade between the partners. The problem of low-intensity can be linked to the lack of accessible export-related information that limits the ability of the new entrants to survive. As a result, discouragement of new firms to become exporters limits the diversification of export basket, which in turn negatively affects the level of trade intensity between the trade partners and decreases the potential trade benefits of bilateral agreements.
The Role of Knowledge Management to Enhancing Public Services in Dubai
Authors: Yunus Nek Kamal Yeop , Rashid Mohamed Saif
Published: February 2020

This study aims to highlight the importance of knowledge management and the factors influencing its implementation within the public sector organizations in Dubai. This study provides a clear understanding of the concept of knowledge management in the public sector and the ability of these sectors to collect and preserve knowledge, knowledge management. This requires the development of knowledge to review and strengthen their strategies to collect document and disseminate their workforce knowledge in order to achieve better institutional performance and to ensure that the knowledge of outstanding expertise and competencies remains within the institution even after leaving their sources for the organizations. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 215 systematic randomly sampled respondents from seven public departments. Data collected were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. It was found that all the independent variables were significantly related to organizational performances. The multiple regressions analysis showed that all the predictor variables contributed 55.5% towards the organizational performances of the public departments in Dubai. The research implication and suggestion were discussed at the end of the paper.
Educational Situation in the Prefecture of Elbasan in the Years of the Albanian Parliamentary Republic 1925-1928
Authors: Mita Rudina , Balla Enkelejda
Published: February 2020

Our study aims to highlight one of the most important aspects of the Elbasan Prefecture, the educational aspect during 1925-1928. In order to analyze the education during the mentioned years, the attention and tradition and educational environment of Elbasan had to be considered during the earlier periods since the Ottoman conquest. The historical educational experience culminated in the opening of the "Normal" School in 1909, the first high school that trained and prepared teachers' teachers for the Albanian language; experience and educational achievements of 1920-1924, years in which education was given priority on the basis of the principles of massivization, nationalization, secularization and unification. Given this educational tradition even during the years we have been studying, the Prefecture of Elbasan has taken important steps in Education. In the educational development of Elbasan, the intellectual elite and educated teachers in the West, Austria and Italy, etc., who together with their scientific formation brought together the Elbasan City and the educational experience of the countries of who came. Problems, the level of primary and secondary education, the difficulties in the education system, the lack of school buildings and funds for opening and maintaining them, the education of women in special schools by males, and the charitable activity of elbasanas in terms of education, the school of education of the children of the region are some of the aspects that we have included in our study. Through this paper, the educational aspect of 1925-1928, a little handled in the context of the local history of the Elbasan Prefecture, sheds light on. Keywords: education, school, inspector of education, general director of education, "normal" school, plotor, student
Physical Activity in Aging Population
Authors: Stena Rezarta , Hysenaj Klara , Karoli Mitilda Gugu , Teta Armelda , Doka Gjergji
Published: February 2020

It is known that worldwide populations are aging, and also that physical activity can play an important role in minimizing impairments characteristic of old age. Adopting a more active lifestyle and doing regular physical activity, including aerobic and resistance exercises, daily walking etc. have been demonstrated to improve cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal parameters in older adults. We assessed a potential participant from Elbasan (Albania), 67 years, for eligibility to participate in a 5 month training program. The subject gave written informed consent before inclusion.The following parameters were measured at the beginning (baseline) and end of the training period: BMI, body fat percentage, hand grip strength, lower/upper limb and trunk flexibility and range of motion, heart rate, balance, pain intensity, as well as VO2 max, directly and/or an estimate using the Rockport fitness test estimate. An initial evaluation was carried out just before starting the training (baseline). A second evaluation was made 5 months after starting the program of physical exercise (post training). Each evaluation included the recording of health related events, such as any changes in previous symptoms, as well as measurements of balance, flexibility, body composition, coordination, muscle strength, and aerobic capacity, to detect any changes that might have been induced specifically by physical activity. The subject’s attendance and participation in the program was also recorded. Range of motion for each part evaluated (trunk, hip, cervical region and shoulder) is improved about 15-20° degree. BMI, hand grip strength, lower/upper limb and trunk flexibility, heart rate, balance, pain intensity, VO2 max are also improved after training program. Following a training program or a regular physical activity in older adults minimise impairments characteristics in this age and cardiovascular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal parameters. According to the low importance shown in my country for the physical activity in older adults, I want to emphasize the importance of state structures involvement and the sensibilization of this group of age to stimulate an actively participation in physical training programs followed by professionals for bests life parameters. A higher investment for this age group, building as many facilities as possible for activation and spending quality free time, hiring more physiotherapists in nursing homes will increase life motivation and improve the quality and the parameters of living.
Playing with the Camera. Critical Notes on Two Films by Austrian Director Willi Forst
Authors: Bono Francesco
Published: February 2020

This essay aims to critically reflect on the work of Austrian film director Willi Forst, devoting special attention to two of Forst’s films of the 1930s, Mazurka and Allotria. Forst’s career developed successfully in both Austria and Germany between the 1930s and the end of the 1950s and Forst has been widely counted among the major figures in German-speaking cinema of the time. In scholarly works on the history of Austrian film, Forst’s name has been typically associated with the musical genre and the so-called Viennese Film, of which Forst has been regarded as the indisputable master. In this association of Forst’s work with the Viennese Film and the musical genre, long predominant among film historians, one may detect a reason for the scant consideration dedicated so far to films such as Mazurka and Allotria which, not belonging to the above genres, have been usually regarded as of minor relevance in Forst’s work. With the aim of correcting this assumption, the present essay intends to critically focus on Mazurka and Allotria, placing them within the wider context of Forst’s work. Though the two films belong to different genres, Mazurka being a melodrama, Allotria a comedy, they appear to have a significant number of points in common, and through their discussion and comparison, this essay hopes to contribute to a better understanding of Forst’s oeuvre, shedding light on a number of facets of Forst’s work to which scarse attention has been devoted so far.
Critical Factors that Enhance the Effectiveness of Online Communities of Practice: EFL Coordinators’ Patterns of Involvement - The Greek EL Teachers Cops Professional Development Paradigm
Authors: Kourkouli Katerina
Published: February 2020

The paper examines Greek EFL Coordinators’ involvement in online Communities of Practice (CoPs) in terms of its impact on participating teachers’ professional development. The study focuses on four online CoPs hosting 49 Greek EFL teachers as participants and four Greek EFL Coordinators, using an online platform named 2gather developed by the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens in the context of a national in-service professional development project in Greece. The study involves investigating the Coordinators’ patterns of involvement and their trainees’ response using a mixed-methods approach which combines quantitative and qualitative research as collective case studies of the four groups. Differentiations between the four Coordinators’ reported patterns of involvement and teachers’ reported effectiveness of their CoP training experience enables us to identify critical factors that contribute to the enhancement of effectiveness. A comparison of the Coordinators’ and their trainees’ responses per online CoP highlights the factors that have supported teachers’ reported reconstruction of knowledge and practices and the reported effectiveness of the CoP training experience regarding their everyday teaching practice. The findings contribute to furthering our understanding of effective online CoPs implementation in the context of continuing professional development.