bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reliability and validity study of the Chinese version of the Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome Scale in patients with cerebellar injury
Authors: Guo Jing , Zhang Yi , Chen Lu , Wang Chaolan , Yuan Xiaofang , Xie Fan
Published: February 2023

To preliminarily investigate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome Scale (CCAS scale) in the cerebellar injury population. In this study, 40 patients with cerebellar injury and 39 normal individuals hospitalized in a stroke center were assessed using the Chinese version of the CCAS scale A, MMSE, and PHQ2, and the results were analyzed using content validity, structural validity, internal consistency, inter-rater agreement, and retest reliability.
RESULTS: The correlation coefficients of semantic fluency, phonemic fluency, category switching, digit span forward, digit span backward, cube, verbal recall, similarities and Go No-Go subscores in the Chinese version of the CCAS scale A were 0.586-0.831 (P≤0.05) with the total score, but there was no significant correlation between the affect and the total score (P=0.110). the total cognitive score of the Chinese version of the CCAS scale A was correlated with the(r=0.807, P≤0.01), and the total score of the Chinese version of the CCAS scale A affect was correlated with the total score of PHQ2 (r=0.884, P≤0.01). The 2 factors were extracted using principal component analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was59.633%. The factor loadings of each of the corresponding factors were > 0.5, indicating good structural validity of the Chinese version of the CCAS scale A. Cronbach α=0.827 indicated good internal consistency, and inter-rater reliability (ICC>0.95) and retest reliability (ICC=0.717-0.895) indicated that the Chinese version of the CCAS scale A had good inter-rater reliability and retest reliability.
Conclusion: The Chinese version of the CCAS scale A has good reliability and validity in the cerebellar injury population and is useful for screening cerebellar cognitive-emotional syndrome.
Disambiguator for Hindi negation : A rule based approach
Authors: Pathak Madhu Priya
Published: February 2023

A word, phrase, or sentence is ambiguous if it has more than one meaning. Ambiguity resolution has always been the most important testing ground in linguistics for parsing models. Ambiguity arises due to negation in Hindi. There are three negative particles in Hindi ‘na, nəhīn and mət’. In machine translation of negative particles are not appropriate and correct, this is because sometimes negation also use in positive senses. Sometimes ‘mət’ is translated as ‘view’ because ‘mət’ has two meanings- 1.Negation 2. View and opinion. ‘na’ is translated as negation but sometimes it is positive particle use for emphasis and tag question. Thus handling Hindi negations become challenges for natural language processing. In this research paper, I proposed a computational framework for disambiguation of ‘na, nahi, and mət’ which is based on rule based approach.
The lecturer-tutor in undergraduate medical education; navigating complexity as “a recruiter, a timetabler, an administrator, a counsellor”
Authors: O’Connor Enda , Doyle Evin
Published: February 2023

Introduction
The importance of undergraduate medical education (UGME) tutors is highlighted in validated clinical environment evaluation tools and by the World Federation for Medical Education. These roles commonly involve competing clinical, educational and research commitments. We sought to obtain a rich description of these posts from doctors working in them.
Methods
We used a pragmatist, sequential explanatory mixed-methods design with a sampling frame of clinical lecturer/tutors in 5 Irish medical schools. Purposive sampling and third party participant contact were used for recruitment. Quantitative data collected from an online survey were used to inform a semi-structured interview question guide. Thematic analysis was conducted independently by both researchers. Quantitative and qualitative mixing occurred during data collection and data reporting.
Findings
34 tutors completed the online survey with 7 volunteers for interview. Most (27; 79.4%) took the job to gain experience in educational practice. Major themes to emerge were the diverse interactions with students, balancing multiple identities, role-autonomy, perception by non-tutor colleagues, work-life balance and unpredictable work demands. Using a complexity theory lens, the tutor was defined by their relational interactions with numerous stakeholders, all in the context of an environment that changed regularly and in an unpredictable manner. We propose a complexity theory framework to improve tutor-led UGME.
Conclusions
The undergraduate tutor works within a complex adaptive system. An understanding of the system interactions recognises the non-linearity of the role but also acknowledges how the tutor can facilitate “co-evolution” and “emergence” within the system, thereby reducing role conflict, and improving educational delivery.
Comparative evaluation of homogeneous charge compression ignition and early pilot modes in a waste plastic pyrolysis –diesel dual fuel engine
Authors: R Jyothu Naik. , K Thirupathi Reddy. , Sulakhe Vishal Narayanrao
Published: February 2023

In this paper presents the external homogeneous charge preparation (EHCP) is an important and best charge preparation technique for reducing oxides of nitrogen and soot emissions. In this method, the injector is to be found at the intake manifold, Hence the fuel travels along with the air owing the suction stroke. Experiments were carried out in a computerized 4-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine that was converted into HCCI mode. In this experiment, we use diesel, bio-diesel plastic oil as fuel mixing blends (WPPO 20% by volume) of biodiesel. The experimental result found that the cylinder peak pressure and heat release rate obtained were 38.18 % and 24.46 % for plastic oil 20. External homogeneous charge preparation plastic oil 20% blend has 37 % higher brake thermal efficiency than early pilot direct injection D100 at full load. On other hand drastically reduction of NOx and smoke opacity by 32.77%, 30.74%.
Microbiome biodiversity associated with Midgut and Salivary gland of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus
Authors: Baral Sunita , Gautam Ishan , Singh Anjana , Chaudhary Ramesh , Shrestha Pramod , Tuladhar Reshma
Published: February 2023

Background
Dengue, a mosquito borne arbo-viral disease transmitted by Aede saegypti (primary vector) and Aedes albopictus cause significant morbidity and mortality in most part of the world including Nepal.The gut and salivary gland contain diverse micro biota and play an important role in vector competence and disease transmission. This study aimed to screen the salivary gland and mid gut micro biota associated with Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from Kathmandu and Lalitpur districts of Nepal.
Methods
An analytical cross sectional study was conducted from April 2017 to October 2017from Kathmandu and Lalitpur Districts of Nepal. The field collected mosquitoes larvae were reared in the laboratory until the adult emergence and identified morphologically using standard key. The dissected salivary gland and gut samples were homogenized, suspended in Phospate buffered saline and inoculated in the culture media for bacterial growth which were further identified.
Results
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was predominant bacteria in the gut and salivary gland of Ae. aegypti. Similarly, in Ae. albopictus, Serratia marcescens was predominant in gut while, Acinetobacter spp.was predominant in salivary gland. Simpsons diversity index (D), Shannon weaver diversity index (H) and Evenness (E) were found to be the highest viz, 0.81, 1.83 and 0.88 in the gut of Ae. aegypti .
Conclusion
This study had provided a comprehensive overview of the bacterial population in the gut and salivary gland of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. It has been found that the most bacterial genera were common to both vectors though some variation was found in gut and salivary gland. This distribution suggests that there are no host specific bacterial genera.
The diversity and metabolism of culturable nitrate-reducing bacteria from the photic zone of the Western North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Jiang Zhichen , Liu Sizhen , Zhang Dechao , Sha Zhongli
Published: February 2023

To better understand bacterial communities and metabolism under nitrogen deficiency, 154 seawater samples were obtained from 0-200 m at 22 stations in the photic zone of the Western North Pacific Ocean and, from them, 634 nitrate-utilizing bacteria were isolated using selective media and culture-dependent methods. Twenty-nine of 94 representative nitrate-utilizing isolates were found to be nitrate reducers, among which Qipengyuania flava, Roseibium aggregatum, Erythrobacter aureus, Vibrio campbellii, and Stappia indica were identified from all tested seawater layers of the photic zone and at almost all stations. The presence of multiple genes for chitin degradation and extracellular peptidases may indicate that almost all nitrate-reducing isolates (28/29) can use chitin and proteinaceous compounds as important sources of carbon and nitrogen. Most strains contained assimilatory nitrate reduction or dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia genes suggesting that nitrate and nitrite could act as electron acceptors to generate ammonia. All of the nitrate-reducing isolates contained genes encoding the assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway, and six of the nitrate-reducing isolates encoded sulfur oxidization genes, indicating that they could oxidize sulfur. Five nitrate-reducing isolates obtained near the chlorophyll a-maximum layer contained a dimethylsulfoniopropionate synthesis gene and three of them contained both dimethylsulfoniopropionate synthesis and cleavage genes. This suggests that nitrate-reducing isolates may participate in dimethylsulfoniopropionate synthesis and catabolism in photic seawater. Collectively, these results reveal nitrate-reducing bacterial diversity and have implications for understanding the role of such strains in the ecology and biogeochemical cycles of nitrogen, carbon, and sulfur in the oligotrophic marine photic zone.
Biofuel Production From Wood Shavings
Authors: Adewumi Idowu Olugbenga
Published: February 2023

In this study, wood shavings were sourced from a sawmill in Ibadan, Nigeria and treated to a 12% moisture content for size reduction using a hammer mill. A measuring balance was used to weigh the samples in increments of 1kg, and the wood shavings were processed with the assistance of the hammer mill for size reduction. The particles were then passed on to a pre-treatment chamber where water and tetraoxosulphate VI acid were added to the blend. The mixture was then pumped into a fermentation chamber where heat was introduced by a heater up to 100C. The experiment was conducted for various masses of wood shavings, and the amount of biofuel produced was measured in liters. The efficiency of the hammer mill was 84.6%, with a throughput capacity of 13.63 kg/hr. The mean efficiency of the pre-treatment chamber was calculated to be 82.29% with throughput capacity of 38.4 kg/hr. The final product, ethanol, was assessed for its physical and chemical properties in a laboratory setting, and it was found to be combustible and supported ignition. The amount of ethanol produced increased with the amount of feedstock used.
Management of gynecologic adnexal tumors and tumor-like lesions in children and adolescents: experience at a cancer center
Authors: Costa João , Alves Sara , Silva Fernanda , Leite Filipa , Bartosch Carla
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Tumors and tumor-like lesions of the uterine adnexa in children and adolescents are uncommon but may carry devastating consequences.
Methods
We conducted an observational retrospective cohort study, to describe patients aged 0–19 years diagnosed with tumors and tumor-like lesions of the uterine adnexa at our institution between 2000–2018.
Results
Eighty-nine patients with 105 adnexal lesions were included. Thirty-seven(41.6%) patients presented with benign tumors, 13(14.6%) with borderline tumors, 25(28.1%) with malignant tumors and 14(15.7%) with tumor-like lesions. Germ cell tumors(n = 45|42.9%) were the most frequent, followed by epithelial tumors(n = 30|28.6%). No significant differences were found in the age distribution of the lesions by malignant potential or histologic group. Most patients(n = 80|89.9%) were treated primarily with conservative surgery, including cystectomy(n = 25|28.1%) and unilateral oophorectomy/adnexectomy(n = 54|60.7%). Thirty-four(38.2%) underwent surgical staging (partial omentectomy and peritoneal biopsies). Twenty(22.5%) patients with borderline and malignant tumors were submitted to chemotherapy. Four(4.5%) patients with borderline or malignant tumors relapsed, one of which died from disease.
Conclusion
Pediatric gynecological lesions encompass a wide range of rare histological tumor subtypes, requiring evaluation by experienced pathologists. Most tumors were diagnosed at early stages, with low relapse and mortality rates. Conservative management, with fertility sparing surgery and limited use of adjuvant chemotherapy, is of utmost importance.
Unveiling the spatial and sectoral characteristics of a high-resolution emission inventory of air pollutants in Shaanxi during 2017-2020
Authors: Zhao Jie , Yuan Linjiang , Guan Panbo , Jia Ce
Published: February 2023

With the implementation of the ultra-low emission policy in China, the pollutant emission factors (EFs) of industrial enterprises have changed greatly. The emission inventory prepared using the proposed EF has a high degree of uncertainty and is difficult to achieve a high temporal resolution. In 2017, based on the continuous emission monitoring system (CEMS), detailed emission data of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) were obtained from industrial enterprises in Shaanxi Province. These data are used to prepare hourly emission inventories and to design the latest EF for typical industries. The emissions of SO2, NOx and PM usually reach the ultra-low emission limit. The total emissions of SO2, NOx and PM are 1826 tons, 3771 tons and 412tons respectively. The emissions of SO2, NOx and PM show similar monthly changes, reaching peak values in winter and summer. SO2, NOx and PM emissions show similar monthly changes. Weekend night emissions are higher than working days. EFs based on CEMS are one or two orders of magnitude lower than EF. The new emission inventory and updated EF enable us to better understand the uncertainty caused by the over estimation of EF after the implementation of the temporary ultra-low emission technology.
Prediction of Land Cover and Land Use Changes in the Greater Gaborone Area of Botswana
Authors: Suh Celestine Neba , Rejoice Tsheko , Kayombo Benedict , Thebeetsile Scott Moroke , Tchoffo Eddy Franck Chi
Published: February 2023

Changes in land cover and land use (LCLU) have been observed in the greater Gaborone area of Botswana since the 1980s. These changes are driven by human and livestock population pressures, rapid urbanization, and socioeconomic and industrial development. Being able to predict LCLU changes is useful for policy and land use planning. Advances in geospatial modelling techniques have become central to the monitoring and assessment of past and future LCLU changes. This study employed the Module for Land Use Change Evaluation (MOLUSCE) to simulate LCLU in 2042 based on the current LCLU. Classified Landsat images from 1988 and 2002 and Sentinel 2A images were used to simulate the likely LCLU changes between 2022 and 2042. Model validation was done by comparing the Kappa statistics for the simulated and actual 2022 LCLUs. The Kappa coefficients for the actual and simulated images were 0.93 and 0.79, respectively. The simulation results showed a projected increase of 65.81 km2 and 28.19 km2 in the shrubland and built-up classes between 2022 and 2042, respectively, while the tree cover, cropland, bare land, and water body classes are expected to decrease by 56.69 km2, 25.05 km2, 11.89 km2, 21.89 km2, and 0.36 km2, respectively. These dramatic changes in future LCLUs could negatively impact the environment, and jeopardize water quality and quantity and food security. The results from this study provide useful information to land use planners to make better decisions about improving future land use policies within the framework of sustainable land use planning.
Magnitude and Risk of Livelihood Asset Damage due to Climate Change-Induced Disasters of the Coastal Fisher of Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Md. Shahidul , Islam Md. Jahirul , Shahrear Rezwan , Talukder Mohammad Mahbub Alam , Mahatabuddin Sheikh , Haque Md. Mansurul
Published: February 2023

Objective
The purpose of this study was to assess the magnitude and risk of livelihood asset damage due to climate change-induced disasters for the coastal fishermen of Bangladesh.
Method
Using a random sampling technique, a cross-sectional study was conducted among 338 coastal dwelling fishers and other coastal fishery actors from 11 coastal districts. A pretested, semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data following the face-to-face interview method. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences).
Results
Findings revealed that more than 90% of the participants lived within 3.5 kilometers of the coastal zones and had to struggle against at least three (range: 1–8) moderate to highly severe CCI disasters, including recurring floods, waterlogging, and cyclones, within the last five years. Consequently, 92% of C&MFs have lost livelihood assets, including physical and financial assets (living houses, fisheries, household livestock, and poultry). It was found that each C&MF (coastal and marine fishermen) household is recurrently losing an average of 9183 BDT annually in only three physical assets. Consequently, only about 0.6 million registered C&MFs are losing around 5,509 million BDT (equivalent to about $64.81 million US dollars) annually in Bangladesh. Thus, every one million HH of coastal and marine fishermen and other coastal fishery actors face financial losses of 9183 million BDT (equivalent to about $108.04 million) every year only in three physical assets. Each million C&MF households, on the other hand, borrows approximately 7301 million BDT (equivalent to $85.89 million) per year to cover household expenditure shortfalls caused by insufficient income and physical asset damage caused by CCI disasters.
Conclusion
Climate-resilient livelihoods, such as improving technological fishing skills to increase fish production and generating alternate income sources in different IGA (income-generating activity) trades during off-fishing seasons, have the potential to save C&MF's living standards and thus mitigate the negative effects of CCI disasters on the national economy.
LDL-C/HDL-C ratio:a strong metabolic risk factor of invasive breast cancer
Authors: Fan Kexin , Sun Tengfei , Yin Fuzai
Published: February 2023

Objective:Our study aims to evaluate whether low density lipoprotein cholesterol/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C) can act as a metabolic risk factor of invasive breast cancer (BC) in females.
Methods: From January,2022 to December, 2022,505 females invasive BC and 505 age-matched controls were prospectively enrolled in our study. Data were obtained via medical records and questionnaires.We used Student’s t-test and Pearson’s χ2 test to assess the baseline characterisitcs, and binary logistic regression was utilized to clarify the metabolic risk factors of invasive BC. Finally, stratified analyses were performed according to estrogen receptor(ER) status.
Results: LDL-C/HDL-C,waist circumference (WC),coronary heart disease and family history of cancer were independent risk factors of invasive BC. Among the metabolic factors,higher LDL-C/HDL-C ratio(OR,25.19,95%CI,13.15-48.25) and WC(OR,1.20,95%CI,1.15-1.24) were associa-
-ted with higher BC risk(P<0.05) after adjustment for the potential confounders. Stratified analyses according to ER state also demonstrated that LDL-C/HDL-C and WC were still independent risk factors regardless of whether ER status was positive or negative(P＜0.05).
Conclusions: We find that LDL-C/HDL-C ratio is a strong metabolic risk factor of invasive
BC regardless of whether ER status was positive or negative.
TLR7 agonists modulate the activation of human conjunctival epithelial cells induced by IL-1β via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Ling , Li Shixu , Cai Kaihong , Xiao Yu , Ye Lin
Published: February 2023

Conjunctival epithelia cells take an important role in the development of allergic reactions. TLR7 agonists have been shown in studies to increase the body's immunological tolerance by controlling the proportion of Th1/Th2 cells, although it is still unknown what impact this has on conjunctival epithelial cells. In this study, we examined the effect of TLR7 agonists on the inflammatory-activation of conjunctival epithelial cells induced by IL-1β. Quantitative PCR and ELISA analysis confirmed that TLR7 agonists could impair the proinflammatory cytokines releasing by the epithelia cells, whereas pro-inflammatory cytokines led to subsequent reactive oxygen species and neutrophil chemotaxis. Phosphorylation analysis and nucleocytoplasmic separation further confirmed that TLR7 agonists inhibit IL-1β-induced epithelia cells activation and ATP depletion via modulating the cytoplasmic resides of ERK1/2. Our finding indicated that TLR7 of conjunctival epithelia cells could be as a potent anti-inflammatory target for the ocular surface. And TLR7 agonists may become a potential new drug for the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis.
Niraparib enhances radiosensitivity in glioblastoma with redistribution of DDX21
Authors: Luo Jia , Xiao He , Li Yanlan , Chen Qian , Wang Wanneng , Geng Mingying
Published: February 2023

Objective
To explore the feasibility and mechanism of PARP inhibitor niraparib as a radiosensitizer for Glioblastoma (GBM).
Methods
Bioinformatics analysis was used to reveal the mechanism of PARP inhibitor in glioma and its correlation with radiotherapy. CCK8 determined the optimal concentration and time of Niraparib in GBM cell lines (A172, U251 and U87). Clonogenic assay was used to detect the radiosensitivity of niraparib in GBM cells. The radiosensitization mechanism of niraparib in GBM cells was studied by flow cytometry, western blot, immunofluorescence and CCK8.
Results
Pathways relevant to ribosome biosynthesis and functions such as eukaryotic translation initiation, rRNA processing was found to be responsible for cytotoxicity of niraparib in 519 tumor cell lines. Moreover, mRNA expression of PARP1/2, genes participated in ribosome biosynthesis and homologous recombination (HR) were all significantly negatively associated with SF2 in 44 NCI-60 cell lines. The IC50 of niraparib in A172 and U87 cell lines were 10.77 ± 3.31 and 32.37 ± 2.84 uM respectively. The DEF37 was established as 1.99 at 348 nM, 2.17 at 1044 nM for A172 cell line and 1.10 at 1056 nM, 1.44 at 3169 nM for U87 cell line, respectively. The treatment of 1056nM niraparib combination with radiation (4Gy) resulted in significant increase in fraction of G2 phase in A172 and U87 cells. The protein expression of DDX21 was only slightly decreased in treated with irradiation alone or niraparib combined with irradiation. Niraparib combined with irradiation could promote the redistribution of DDX21 from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm in U87 cells. Knockdown of DDX21 significantly reduced proliferation in U87 cells. Niraparib combined with radiotherapy further decreased clonogenic number in U87 cells compared with those treated with niraparib alone or irradiation alone, likewise the U87 cells after knockdown of DDX21. Interestingly, knockdown of DDX21 resulted in significant increasing in clonogenic number of U87 cells.
Conclusion
Niraparib affected ribosome biosynthesis via redistribution of DDX21 from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm, caused G2/M phase arrest, thus increased the radiosensitivity of U87 cells. Niraparib may be a good radiosensitizer for GBM.
Interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy symmetric point criterion-based MULTIMOORA method for sustainable recycling partner selection in SMEs
Authors: Rani Pratibha , Mishra Arunodaya Raj , Pamucar Dragan , Ali Jabil , Hezam Ibrahim M.
Published: February 2023

The need and strategy of eco-economy encourage enterprises to reach sustainability by employing sustainable supply chain management. Contrary to the numerous literatures focusing on green design and sustainability practices, this paper presents sustainable recycling partner (SRP) assessment with economic, environmental and social pillars. To propose an integrated framework for SRP selection in small-and-medium enterprises (SMEs), interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (IVIFS)-based model is applied to deal with the vague, uncertain and qualitative information. Inspired by these topics, we propose IVIF-improved Dombi weighted averaging and IVIF-improved Dombi weighted geometric operators to aggregate the decision-making expert’s preferences and discuss some sophisticated characteristics of developed aggregation operators. Further, we establish an integrated weighting model by combining the IVIF-symmetric point of criterion (IVIF-SPC) and IVIF-rank sum (IVIF-RS) tools. Then, the classical multi-attribute multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis (MULTIMOORA) model has been extended using the proposed divergence measure and improved Dombi operators for treating multi-criteria decision analysis problems on IVIFS setting. To explore the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed model, a case study of SRP selection in SMEs is conducted. Further, the sensitivity investigation and comparative discussion are presented to check the stability and robustness of the presented technique.
An automatic classification grading of spinach seedlings water stress based on N-MobileNetXt
Authors: Xu Yanlei , Cong Xue , Zhai Yuting , Gao Zhiyuan , Yu Helong
Published: February 2023

This study proposed an automatic classification method for water stress level of spinach seedlings based on N-MobileNetXt network, solving inefficient water stress classification of spinach seedlings under complex background. Firstly, this study reconstructed the Sandglass Block in MobileNetXt model to effectively increase the model accuracy by adopting up-dimension and down-dimension, and introduced NAM and two-dimensional adaptive average pooling; secondly, this study introduced the group convolution module and a two-dimensional adaptive average pool, which can significantly compress the model parameters and enhance the model robustness separately; finally, this study innovatively proposed the NCAM to enhance the image features obviously. The experimental results showed that the classification accuracy of N-MobileNetXt model for spinach seedlings under the natural environment reached 90.35%, and the number of parameters was decreased by 66% compared with the original MobileNetXt model. While, the model size is only 3.89 MB. Comparing the N-MobileNetXt model with the deep network models proposed in the past five years, the N-MobileNetXt model was superior to other network models in terms of parameters and accuracy of identification. The N-MobileNetXt exhibited a considerable advantage in the rapid and accurate classification of spinach seedlings, and can provide theoretical basis and technical support for automatic irrigation.
The Cycle of Value - A Conservationist Approach to Economics
Authors: Harkiolakis Nicholas
Published: February 2023

A representation of economic activity in the form of a law of conservation of value is presented based on the definition of value as potential to act in an environment. This allows the encapsulation of the term as a conserved quantity throughout transactions. Marginal value and speed of marginal value are defined as derivatives of value and marginal value, respectively. Traditional economic statements are represented here as cycles of value where value is conserved. The role of the government in the economy is also explained through the cycles of value the government is involved in.
Analytical multiconfiguration treatment to one-center many-electron He-isoelectronic ions and Period-II elements with H-like orbitals
Authors: Kapil Bharti , Sharma Shivalika , Aggarwal Priyanka , Hazra Ram Kuntal
Published: February 2023

Employing H-like spin-orbitals (SOs) in electronic structure theory is a long-awaited quantum problemas the analytical integral of Coulomb interaction is very difficult to solve for one-center manyelectron(1c-ne) system. He-isoelectronic ions become a benchmark. Complexity grows fast forPeriod-II s- and p-block elements with increasing number of electrons. Moreover, Hartree-FockSelf-Consistent Field (SCF) and post Hartree-Fock SCF theories generally make use of closed-shell,restricted and unrestricted open-shell single configurations (SCs) but actual electronic bound statesurge for multiconfigurations (MCs). After Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation, utilization ofassociated Laguerre polynomial/Whittaker-M function basis sets of H-like SOs for the CoulombGreen′s function among electrons furnishes analytical, terminable, simple and finitely summed integralsin terms of Lauricella functions. MCs complying with so-called ground, singly and multiplyexcited states incurring s- and p-SOs are constructed to capture monopole and dipole factors only.However, we believe that quadrupole and higher order poles can be achieved as a product of angularintegrals using Wigner 3-j symbols and closed forms of radial integrals. We have observed goodagreement among literature and exact ground state energies (GSEs) of He-isoelectronic ions andPeriod-II elements with both their so-called ground electronic configurations as well as MCs. Forcertain elements, we have found satisfactory results for ionization energies (IEs).
Economic tolerance design of the P2 raceway based on the quasi-static model of ball bearings
Authors: Chang Zhou , Hu Lai
Published: February 2023

This study focused on designing the raceway tolerance of high-precision roller bearings. First, a five-degree of freedom quasi-static model was established for angular contact ball bearings. The waviness was included in the manufacturing error, and the radial and axial runouts of the bearing inner ring were calculated. Second, the error homogenization effect of the rolling bearing was studied, and the error homogenization coefficient was defined. The results of the study demonstrated that the bearing rotary accuracy was higher than the raceway error by an order of magnitude. Third, the manufacturing error range of each precision grade of the roller bearing raceway was obtained by investigating errors of the equalization coefficient. Finally, the specific value of the raceway tolerance of P2 roller bearings was obtained.
The effect of luteinizing hormone changes in GnRH antagonist protocol on the outcome of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and embryo transfer
Authors: Jing-shuang Zhou , Jian-hong Chen , Fei-fei Tang , Jian-ping Ou , Xin Tao , Liu-hong Cai
Published: February 2023

Objective
To investigate the effect of LH level changes on the outcomes of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and embryo transfer (ET) in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol. Methods: A total of 721 patients undergoing GnRH-ant protocol COH for the first IVF/ICSI cycles were retrospectively analyzed. COH process were divided into 2 stages, before (stage 1) and after (stage 2) the GnRH-ant initiation, and each with 5 groups basing on LH levels: LH decreased more than 50% (A1, A2), decreased 25%-50% (B1, B2), change less than 25% (C1, C2), increased 25%-50% (D1, D2), and increased more than 50% (E1, E2). Results: There were no significant differences among groups of stage1 regarding COH and ET outcomes. For stage 2, the more obvious the decrease of LH level, the more the number of oocytes retrieved, mature oocytes, fertilized oocytes, embryos cleavaged and the numbers of embryo available (P < 0.05), but without significant differences regarding ET outcomes. We also found the freeze-all rate in Group A2 was higher (P < 0.001). Conclusion: LH level changes before GnRH-ant addition were not related to COH and ET outcomes. LH level changes after the addition of GnRH-ant were related to the outcome of COH, and no significant differences were found relating to ET outcomes.
A cross-sectional analysis between physical activity levels, weight status and empathy-related behaviors in a sample of Tuscany primary school children.
Authors: Masini Alice , Rossi Chiara , Dallolio Laura , Mascherini Gabriele
Published: February 2023

Purpose. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and the development of relational empathy skills in children, taking into account weight status.
Methods. Parents/guardians of primary school children were involved in filling out a questionnaire: the Empathy Questionnaire (EmQue-I13) and children were asked to complete the PAQ-C to investigate the self-reported PA levels. The weight status was assessed using a self-reported Body Mass Index (BMI).
Results. 370 parents or guardians of students who attended primary school (8.53±1.61 yrs) were recruited. The total score was 2.41±0.89 for PAQ-C and 41.17±6.32 for EmQue-I13. The three domains of EmQue-I13 were: Contagion (8.16±2.67), Attention to Others’ Feelings (19.40±2.99) and Prosocial actions (13.62±3.01). Linear regression models showed that a higher PAQ-C score was positively associated with empathy-related total score p <0.001. Weight status, age and gender were not associated with EmQue-I13.
Conclusion. Our results underline the positive association between physical activity and the development of relational empathic skills.
A review of the development and future challenges of case-based reasoning
Authors: Yan Aijun , Cheng Zijun
Published: February 2023

Case-based reasoning (CBR), which is based on the cognitive assumption that similar problems have similar solutions, is an important problem-solving and learning method in the field of artificial intelligence. In this article, the development of CBR is mainly reviewed, and the major challenges of CBR are summarized. The paper is organized into four parts. First, the basic framework and concepts of CBR are introduced. Then, the developed technology and innovative work that were formed in solving problems by CBR are summarized. Moreover, the application fields of CBR are sorted. Finally, according to the idea of deep learning and interpretable artificial intelligence, the main challenges for the future development of CBR are proposed.
Comparison of relevance in patient status index (PSI) and spectral edge frequency (SEF) with end-expiratory sevoflurane concentration (ETSEV) during general anesthesia surgery
Authors: Qin Kai , Li Guanzhu
Published: February 2023

Objective. To investigate the correlation between PSI, SEF and ETSEV in patients undergoing general anesthesia.
Methods. In this study, 26 general anesthesia patients (11 males and 15 females, aged 21-70 years, ASA I-III) underwent lower extremity orthopedic surgery were selected. PSI, SEF, and ETSEV were recorded by Sedline brain function monitor and PHILIPS MP20 monitor, respectively, and the difference between SEF-L and SEF-R ΔSEF was calculated. Spearman correlation analysis was used for the correlation between PSI, SEF and ETSEV, and Bland-Altman was used to analyze the consistency of SEF-L and SEF-R.
Results. Spearman correlation analysis showed that PSI (r=-0.401, P=0.001), SEF-L (r=-0.705, P=0.000), and SEF-R (r=-0.635, P=0.000) were all negatively correlated with ETSEV, and SEF was more strongly correlated with ETSEV compared to PSI. Bland-Altman analysis showed that there were 2 points outside the limits of agreement between SEF-L and SEF-R, and SEF-L remained in agreement with SEF-R.
Conclusion. Under sevoflurane-maintained general anesthesia, SEF was more responsive to intraoperative depth of anesthesia changes in patients, and left and right brain SEF remained consistent.
Management dilemma in Pelvi-Ureteric Junction Obstruction : Is Transit Time the answer?
Authors: Malla Aishwarya , Govindarajan Krishna Kumar , Ponnusamy Madhusudhanan , Sambandan Kumaravel , Naredi Bikash Kumar , Jindal Bibekanand
Published: February 2023

Purpose
Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) is the leading cause for Hydronephrosis in children. Diuretic renography used in the pre and post operative evaluation of Pyeloplasty may not be reliable in predicting the outcome.
Methods
A prospective study was conducted from October 2018 – November 2020, including all children with unilateral PUJO undergoing Pyeloplasty. Renal Diuretic renography scans done in the pre and post operative periods were assessed for Transit time. The time taken for the isotope to reach the renal pelvis was noted by a single observer as the Transit time, from the dynamic frames of the Diuretic renogram.
Results
Of the 65 children, 74% were boys. The transit time (median) in the preoperative renography was 10minutes, whereas the same was 4minutes 45seconds in the postoperative period, the decrease was statistically significant.
On evaluation of Transit time with ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) curve, a cut off of 4minutes and 25 seconds was arrived at, which could identify the delayed drainage reliably.
Conclusion
Improvement in Transit time is a reliable predictor of renal function improvement after Pyeloplasty, comparing favorably in relation to split renal function.
Heat Treatment Enhances the Neuroprotective Effects of Crude Ginseng Saponin by Increasing Minor Ginsenosides
Authors: Ji Yun-Jeong , Kim Hyung Don , Lee Eun Suk , Jang Gwi Yeong , Seong Hyun-A
Published: February 2023

Ginsenoside is the primary active substance of ginseng and has many pharmacological effects, such as anti-cancer, immune- sugar- and lipid metabolism-regulating, and antioxidant effects. It also protects the nervous and cardiovascular systems. This study analyzed the effects of thermal processing on the bioactivities of crude ginseng saponin. Heat treatment increased the contents of minor ginsenosides in crude saponin, such as Rg3, and heat-treated crude ginseng saponin (HGS) had better neuroprotective effects than non-treated crude saponin (NGS). HGS reduced glutamate-induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation in pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells significantly more than NGS. HGS protected PC12 cells against glutamate-induced oxidative stress by upregulating Nrf2-mediated antioxidant signaling and downregulating MAPK-mediated apoptotic signaling. HGS has potential for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
Consensus DNA and amino acids sequences of the recombinant panfilovirus glycoprotein specific mAb 4B3B5 and its expression in CHO mammalian cell lines
Authors: Bongcam-Rudloff Erik , Plewczynski Dariusz , Vlachakis Dimitrios , Jovelin Fabien , Weyer Jacqueline , Paweska Janusz T , Wayengera Misaki
Published: February 2023

Background: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a useful resource towards the detection and treatment of dangerous pathogens. The traditional approach to production of mAbs is, however, cumbersome and time consuming. An alternative option, would be to sequence, sub clone & express the genes encoding the mAbs from within a mammalian cell-line. This paper describes the consensus gene and amino acids sequences a recombinant mAb (4B3B5) targeting a conserved epitope (#1) with all filovirus glycoproteins, and its expression in CHO mammalian cells.
Methods: Mice hybridoma were prepared & cultured on Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM) Total RNA was extracted using RNA-easy isolation reagent (Vazyme), and reverse transcribed into cDNA using SMARTScribe reverse transcriptase. Antibody fragments of heavy (H) and light (L) chains were amplified by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and cloned into standard vectors for screening in 5 colonies. Inserts of matching phenotypic colonies were sequenced by Sanger capillary sequencing and aligned by IMGT analysis of VDJ. Isotyping was done by constant region analysis.
Results: Consensus sequences of the coding DNA of the heavy and light chains of an isotype IgG1/kappa recombinant mice mAb (Genbank accession #s OP966770 and OP966771, respectively) are presented. The biophysical profile of the full expressed recombinant mAb demonstrates a single protein of approximately 142 kda under non reducing conditions and tetramer of duplexes of 23ka and 48kda, respectively. The average area under sec-HPLC curve at a wavelength of 280 nm is 2490.55
Conclusions: This work summarizes the consensus DNA and amino acids sequences of the recombinant panfilovirus glycoprotein specific mAb 4B3B5 and its expression in CHO mammalian cell lines.
Population mortality before and during the COVID-19 epidemic in two Sudanese settings: a key informant study
Authors: AbuKoura Rahaf , Checchi Francesco , Abdalla Omamah , Ibrahim Omnia , Hemeadan Ahmed Tom , Eldirdiri Ahmed Ali Ahmed , Mohamed Direeg Ismail , Ahmed Aljaile , Ahmed Abd Elhameed , Abdelmagid Nada , Pepe Pasquale , Dahab Maysoon
Published: February 2023

Background
Population mortality is an important metric that sums information from different public health risk factors into a single indicator of health. However, the impact of COVID-19 on population mortality in low-income and crisis-affected countries like Sudan remains difficult to measure. Using a community-led approach, we estimated excess mortality during the COVID-19 epidemic in two Sudanese communities.
Methods
Three sets of key informants in two study locations, identified by community-based research teams, were administered a standardised questionnaire to list all known decedents from January 2017 to February 2021. Based on key variables, we linked the records before analysing the data using a capture-recapture statistical technique that models the overlap among lists to estimate the true number of deaths.
Results
We estimated that deaths per day were 5.5 times higher between March 2020 and February 2021 compared to the pre-pandemic period in East Gezira, while in El Obeid City, the rate was 1.6 times higher.
Conclusion
This study suggests that using a community-led capture-recapture methodology to measure excess mortality is a feasible approach in Sudan and similar settings. Deploying similar community-led estimation methodologies should be considered wherever crises and weak health infrastructure prevent an accurate and timely real-time understanding of epidemics' mortality impact in real-time.
Enhancing Value Co-Creation Through the Lens of DART Model, Innovation, and Digital Technology: An Integrative Supply Chain Resilient Model
Authors: Abdalatif Omima Abdalla , Yamin Mohammad Ali
Published: February 2023

The global supply chain process has been badly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, firms search for factors that influence supply chain resilience and improve firm operational performance. The current research develops an integrated resilient supply chain model that combines factors underpinned DART model, innovation, digital technology, and value co-creation to investigate supply chain resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research framework was empirically tested with a data set of 329 responses from employees working in logistics firms. the study find that supply chain resilience is determined by value co-creation, the DART model, innovation, and digital technology. The factors underpinning the DART model, including dialogue, access, risk assessment, and transparency, have positively impacted value co-creation. The structural model shows that dialogue has a positive impact on developing value co-creation between manufacturing firms and stakeholders, Empirical investigation revealed that value co-creation in supply chain operations is estimated by dialogue, access, risk assessment, transparency, innovation, and digital technology and revealed substantial variance R^2 71.9% in measuring value co-creation. This research is significant as it develops a resilient supply chain model with the combination of the DART model, innovation, digital technology, and value co-creation and investigates supply chain resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although current research contributes to theory, practice, and method, disclosing research limitations opens numerous avenues for future researchers. This study does not claim to include all factors that impact the value co-creation process in supply chain operations. For instance, other factors, such as IT infrastructure, commitment, and integrative quality, may positively influence value co-creation. Second, supply chain resilience is determined by value co-creation and network capability. Therefore, the research encourages academicians and policymakers to investigate the supply chain resilience phenomenon with other market-oriented facts. future researchers are suggested to investigate the current research model in longitudinal method
Strategi Implementasi Manajemen Mutu Terpadu (MMT) dI SDN SN Kebun Bunga 4 Banjarmasin
Authors: Sari Mini
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis strategi implementasi manajemen mutu terpadu (MMT) yang sudah dijalankan oleh SDN SN Kebun Bangsa 4 Banjarmasin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Dimana penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan data dengan kata atau uraian dan penjelasan secara mendalam. Sumber data primer dalam penelitian ini adalah : (1) Kepala Sekolah, (2) Guru, (3) Orang tua siswa / wali, dan (4) Siswa. Sedangkan data sekunder adalah data yang diperoleh dari atau berasal dari kajian pustaka melalui media cetak maupan online seperti buku, artikel, juklak, karya tulis ilmiah yang mendukung objek penelitian. Dalam penelitian ini teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah: (1) (pengamatan), (2) teknik wawancara, dan (3) teknik dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan reduksi data, penyajian data  dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi implementasi yang sudah ada dalam pelaksanaan manajemen mutu terpadu sudah baik dengan adanya penciptaan tujuan berupa visi dan misi yang jelas dan terukur, pengembangan dan peningkatan kompetensi pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan secara berkala, strategi pembelajaran inovatif yang selalu ada, serta penerapan konsep pengembangan diri  siswa secara intens. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa apa yang telah diimplementasikan oleh SDN SN Kebun Bunga 4 Banjarmasin sudah sesuai dengan manajemen mutu terpadu.
The relationship between capital structure, firm performance and a firm’s market competitiveness: Evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Kartika Andi , Irsad Moch , Setiawan Mulyobudi , Sudiyatno Bambang
Published: February 2023

Market competitiveness shows a condition where a company can enter the market and survive in that market. In an economic environment experiencing a global crisis, it is important to study the factors of company competitiveness so that companies can compete in the global market. Therefore, this study aims to examine the relationship between the influence of capital structure, firm performance, and market competitiveness. This study took samples from manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2018 to 2020. The data collected are panel data that are quantitative in nature, analyzed by multiple regression, which is processed using the Eviews 9 software. The variables used are debt to asset ratio, debt to equity ratio, and current assets as indicators of capital structure, and return on assets and return on equity as indicators of firm performance are placed as independent variables, and firm size as control variables. The dependent variable is market competitiveness, which is proxied using the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) measurement. The results of the analysis show that the debt to asset ratio, debt to equity ratio, return on assets, and firm size have no effect on market competitiveness. However, the current ratio has a negative effect, while the return on equity has a positive effect on market competitiveness. Thus, firm size does not act as a control variable in influencing market competitiveness.