bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
C59: L’impact des réunions de concertation pluridisciplinaire dans la prise en charge chirurgicale des cancers à l’UCO de l’Hôpital National Donka et au CHU de Conakry
Authors: Bah M , Keita M , Cissé IK , Souaré MB , Cissé MF , Diallo TM , Keita FS , Traore B
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION : Les cancers sont des maladies chroniques qui deviennent de plus en plus fréquentes dans les pays du Sud du Sahara. Leur prise en charge est complexe. Cela nécessite une réunion d’équipe pluridisciplinaire avant toute prise de décision thérapeutique. Le but de notre communication est d’évaluer l’impact de la réunion de concertation pluridisciplinaire dans la prise en charge chirurgicale des cancers dans notre unité. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Il s’agissait d’une étude observationnelle rétrospective portant sur les dossiers des patients discutés à la RCP du 15 Novembre 2017 au 31 Mars 2019. RESULTATS : Quarante-et-six séances de RCP avaient été organisées. Les dossiers de 222 patients ont été présentés avec une décision de chirurgie pour 100 (45,0%). On notait une prédominance féminine avec un âge moyen de 41,8 ± 18,3 ans. Soixante-et-neuf pour cent des patients avaient une tumeur maligne. Soixante-et-un patients ont été opéré conformément à la décision de la RCP et deux avec changement de décision. Les marges de résection tumorale étaient saines pour trois patients sur quatre. Le délai médian de prise en charge entre la RCP et l’intervention chirurgicale était de 14 jours (extrêmes de sept à 34). CONCLUSION : La RCP constitue une avancée dans la prise en charge des patients à l’UCO. Une réévaluation régulière améliorera la prise en charge des patients.
C62: Un cas rare d’adénocarcinome du col utérin chez une adolescente
Authors: Thiam I , Senghor F , Gaye AM , Niang D , William V , Barry A , Diouf YC , Odah MCN , Ndiaye K , Cissé A , Traoré PB , Diémé MJ , Dial MCM , Manga NM , Dème A
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION : Selon GLOBOCAN en 2020, au Sénégal, le cancer du col utérin constitue la tumeur maligne la plus fréquente (17,1%) et la plus meurtrière (16,6%). Les données actuelles de la science montre qu’un cancer du col utérin met entre 15 à 20 ans à se développer chez des femmes dotées d’un système immunitaire normale et entre cinq à 10 ans chez celles avec un affaiblissement de l’immunité. Selon l’OMS et les données scientifique en vigueur, le pic de fréquence de l’infection HPV serait entre 15 et 20 ans, et le cancer du col utérin apparaîtrait aux alentours de 30 ans. Nous rapportons un rare cas d’adénocarcinome du col utérin chez une adolescente de 15 ans et demi prise en charge au Sénégal. OBSERVATION : Il s’agit d’une patiente de 15 ans et six mois, ménarche à 10 ans. Elle était sexuellement active de l’âge de 10 ans à 14 ans, en moyenne un rapport par semaine, avec le même partenaire. Il n’est pas retrouvé d’antécédents personnels ou familiaux particuliers à l’interrogatoire. Il n’a pas été retrouvé à l’interrogatoire, de notion de tabagisme actif ou passif, ni de prise d’alcool. Le début de la symptomatologie remonterait à deux ans, marquée par l’installation brutale de douleurs abdomino-pelviennes basses sourdes, sans facteur déclenchant, calmées par la prise d’antalgique. Il est associé une métrorragie spontanée puis une hydrorrhée, ce qui motiva une consultation, dans une structure sanitaire ou des explorations ont été faites. L’examen physique a retrouvé un état général altéré (coté indice 2 selon OMS), un amaigrissement, des muqueuses conjonctivales peu colorées anictériques, sans œdèmes des membres inférieurs. L’abdomen est souple sans masse palpable. L’examen au spéculum associé au toucher vaginal montre une volumineuse masse bourgeonnante nécrotique, à un cm de l’orifice vaginale, comblant le vagin. Les deux tiers supérieurs des parois vaginales sont infiltrés avec comblement du cul de sac. Le col est non perçu, totalement envahi. L’imagerie a objectivé une masse tumorale cervicale avec extension utérine, le reste des organes est sans particularités. Le bilan biologique montrait une anémie hypochrome microcytaire (Hb=6,5 g/dl, VGM=77,5 fL, TCMH=23,6 pg, CCMH=30,5 g/dl), une légère hyponatrémie à 132,9 mmol/l. Le reste du bilan biologique est sans particularité. Devant cette symptomatologie une biopsie de la masse tumorale a été faite. L’examen histologique couplée à l’immunohistochimie est revenu en faveur d’un adénocarcinome du col utérin peu différencié dans sa forme classique. CONCLUSION : Le carcinome du col utérin peu exceptionnellement se voir à l’adolescence, qui semblerait constituer un facteur d’acutisation. Il survient dans un contexte d’activité sexuelle précoce. Il est important de sensibiliser la population et les autorités sur l’agressivité de ce type de cancer chez l’adolescent et de vacciner les enfants contre l’infection HPV.
C64: Les cancers urogénitaux en région périphérique du Sénégal : A propos de 156 cas
Authors: Diallo I , Diamé ID , Diouf C , Faye ST , Thiam A , Yaya A , Sow O , Fall B , Niang L
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION : Le but était d’étudier le profil épidémiologique et d’évaluer la prise en charge des cancers urologiques en milieu périphérique semi-urbain sénégalais. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Etude rétrospective descriptive dans deux centres hospitaliers régionaux périphériques du Sénégal sur une période de deux ans (2013 et 2014). Ont été étudiés les paramètres épidémiologiques, cliniques et thérapeutiques. RESULTATS : Cent-et-cinquante-six cas ont été enregistrés durant la période d’étude. Les cancers de prostate (61,5%) et de vessie (17,9%) prédominaient. L’âge moyen des patients était de 54 ans. Les circonstances de découverte du cancer de prostate étaient dominées par les troubles urinaires (38% des cas) et les douleurs rachidiennes dans 14%. La masse lombaire douloureuse constituait la circonstance de découverte du cancer du rein (54%) et pour les tumeurs de vessie une masse hypogastrique était retrouvée dans 34%. La cryptorchidie était associée au cancer du testicule dans 50%. La mortalité globale était de 24,3%. Par ailleurs, 26% étaient perdus de vue et 49% étaient vivants après un suivi moyen de 28 mois. CONCLUSION : Les cancers urogénitaux concernent des patients relativement jeunes comparés aux patients des séries occidentales faisant penser à l’existence de facteurs de risques génétiques et environnementaux. Le retard diagnostique considérable justifiant un traitement essentiellement palliatif et une mortalité élevée.
C65: Evaluation de la connaissance des étudiants de l’université de Lomé sur la contribution de la biopsie prostatique dans la détection du cancer de la prostate
Authors: Kpatcha TM , Djiwa T , Sidibé A , Séwa E , Sikpa KH , Botcho G , Padja E , Daré S , Tchaou M , Darré T
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION : La biopsie prostatique constitue la principale procédure permettant le diagnostic du cancer de la prostate. L’objectif était d’évaluer la connaissance des étudiants de la Faculté des Sciences de la Santé de l’Université de Lomé sur la contribution de la biopsie prostatique dans le diagnostic du cancer de la prostate. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Il s’est agi d’une étude transversale chez les étudiants régulièrement inscrits à la Faculté des Sciences de la Santé pour l’année 2019-2020. Le nombre total d’inscrits était de 1.635. Les critères d’inclusion étaient le statut d’étudiant inscrit et le consentement. Un questionnaire anonyme auto-administré a permis de recueillir les données. Les paramètres étudiés étaient les caractéristiques socio-démographiques, le niveau de connaissance sur la biopsie prostatique. Cette connaissance était considérée mauvaise si l’étudiant n’avait aucune notion sur la biopsie prostatique, intermédiaire si les conditions de réalisation étaient connues et bonne si les conditions de réalisation et la signification du résultat étaient connues. Les données ont été saisies dans Excel© puis exportées dans Epi Info© version 7. Les pourcentages ont été utilisés pour les variables qualitatives et les moyennes avec leurs déviations standards pour les variables quantitatives. Les tests statistiques utilisés étaient le test de Pearson pour les variables qualitatives et le test de Student pour les variables quantitatives. Le seuil de significativité était de 0,05. RESULTATS : Un total de 1.017 étudiants a répondu au questionnaire, représentant 95,3%. L’âge moyen des étudiants était de 24,5 ans, le sex-ratio de 2,5. La majorité des étudiants étaient en licence (546 soit 53,69%). Cinq cent quatre-vingt-et-un étudiants (57,13%) n’avaient reçu aucun enseignement sur le cancer de la prostate. Cinq cent quatre-vingt-deux étudiants (57,23%) n’avaient aucune connaissance sur la biopsie prostatique. Il existait une relation significative entre l’âge des étudiants et la connaissance de la biopsie prostatique (IC95% [0.49-2.03], p=0.0001), le sexe (IC95% [0.33-1.08], p=0.0003), le cycle d’étude (IC95% [1.02-5.06], p=0.0047) et un stage dans le service d’urologie (IC95% [0.61-1.31], p˂0.0001). CONCLUSION : Les étudiants ont peu de connaissance du rôle de la biopsie prostatique dans le diagnostic du cancer de la prostate. Des efforts doivent être faits dans l’enseignement pour améliorer la connaissance du diagnostic du cancer de la prostate.
C67: Profils des carcinomes adénoïdes kystiques des glandes salivaires au Sénégal : A propos de 23 cas
Authors: Senghor F , Thiam I , Gaye AM , Ndiaye DK , Dial MMC
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION : Les tumeurs malignes des glandes salivaires sont relativement rares. Cependant, elles constituent un large éventail de types histologiques dominées par les carcinomes, essentiellement le carcinome muco-épidermoïde. De nos jours, on note un changement du type histologique prédominant en faveur du carcinome adénoïde kystique surtout en Afrique. Au Sénégal, au plan anatomopathologique, ces tumeurs n’ont pas étudié. Le but de ce travail consiste à caractériser le profil épidémiologique de ce cancer. MATERIELS ET METHODES : Etude rétrospective réalisée entre Janvier 2014 et Décembre 2019, incluant tous les carcinomes adénoïdes kystiques des glandes salivaires, diagnostiqués dans les laboratoires d’anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques à Dakar qui polarisent la quasi-totalité des prélèvements histologiques au Sénégal. RESULTATS : Nous avons recensés 23 patients, dont 73,91% de femmes sur une période de six ans. Les échantillons provenaient des service ORL (58,82%) et stomatologie (41,18%). L’âge moyen des patients était de 48,74 ans avec un écart type de 13,12 et des extrêmes de 20 et 67 ans. Le mode et la médiane étaient de 52 ans. Les patients étaient majoritairement âgés de plus de 50 ans (65,22%). Le délai de consultation était en moyenne de 1,32 ans avec un écart type de 0,90 et des extrêmes de 0,25 et trois ans. Le mode et la médiane étaient d’un an. Le carcinome adénoïde kystique siégeait autant au niveau des glandes salivaires principales (52,17%) dominés par la parotide (66,7%), qu’au niveau des glandes salivaires accessoires (47,83%) dominés par le palais et la joue (90,9%). La pièce opératoire était le principal type de prélèvement (52,17%). CONCLUSION : Notre étude montre que le carcinome adénoïde kystique survient essentiellement chez la femme de la cinquième décade et plus. Ce cancer touche autant les glandes salivaires principales que celles accessoires dans notre contexte. Il est nécessaire de faire des diagnostics précoces, d’étudier les facteurs de risques et les altérations moléculaires de ce type de cancer pour une meilleur prise en charge.
Rupture of Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy at 16 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Mekonnen Assefa Endalkachew
Published: July 2022

Rudimentary horn pregnancy is rare but a life-threatening complication. It usually diagnosed during second trimester after it ruptured. Early diagnosis and management may decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with it. This case report strengthens the diagnosis and management challenges and difficulties on a rudimentary horn pregnancy. An emergency laparotomy was performed and ruptured left rudimentary horn pregnancy was diagnosed. The patient transfused blood products and discharged after third post-operative days.
Politeness Maxims Used in English Classroom Interaction of Fourth Semester at STKIP Taman Siswa Bima
Authors: Ningsi Fitri , Nurbaya Nurbaya , Irawati Ika , Nurhidayat Nurhidayat
Published: July 2022

The The aims of this research is to find out the used types of politeness maxims and the function of most dominant type of politeness maxims used in English classroom interaction during the learning process. The reason why the researcher did this research because the research wanted to provide more sources or references about the types of politeness maxims and the function of most dominant type of politeness maxim that was hopefully be useful for the institution where the researcher study, for other students, other researchers, or readers in general. This research used descriptive qualitative method. Descriptive qualitative method is intended to describe everything related to the type of politeness maxims in classroom interaction.  There were three videos which used as a source of data.  Those videos showed the activity of the learning process in the classroom interactions.  In collecting the data, the researcher would transcribe the videos into written data accurately and classify the data based on types of politeness maxim in order the data would be easily in identified and analyzed.  After all the data collected, the researcher analyzed the data and drawed the conclusion. The results of this research can be seen as follows: (1) There were 96 data  of politeness maxim appeared in 3 of videos, which consist of 68 data of tact maxim, 14 data of approbation maxim, 10 data of agreement maxim, 2 data of sympathy maxim, 1 data of generosity maxim and 1 data of modesty maxim. (2) Based on the research, tact maxim was the dominant type and the function that can be concluded for several function as declarative, interrogative, imperative and apology function that appeared during the learning process to espouse the spirit of students with the  factor of context of situation and participant.
Analisis Pengawasan Pengendalian Mutu Penimbunan Avtur Menggunakan Metode Statistical Quality Control di PT. XYZ
Authors: Rahmah Aulia , Venriza Oksil
Published: July 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat pengawasan mutu penimbunan Avtur khususnya pada pengujian Density 15?C dan Electrical Conductivity. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Statistical Quality Control dengan menganalisis Grafik Control Chart dan hasil perhitungan Capability Proces. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan didapatkan Uper Control Limit (UCL) X, Lower Control Limit (LCL) X, UCL R, LCL R, Indeks Capabilitas Proces (Cp), dan Capabilitas Proces (Cpk) pada pengujian Density 15?C adalah berturut-urut 0,802, 0,8018, 0,0008, 0, 108,3, dan 93,33. Sedangkan pada pengujian Electrical Conductivity hasil perhitungan UCL X, LCL X, UCL R, LCL R, Cp, dan Cpk adalah berturut-urut 148, 128, 30,6, 0, 23,6, dan 7,55. Perhitungan tersebut kemudian di masukkan ke dalam grafik. Grafik X-Chart untuk perhitungan Density15?C dan Electrical Conductivity menunjukkan hanya terdapat satu titik yang berada dalam Control Limit sedangkan grafik R-Chart untuk perhitungan Density15?C dan Electrical Conductivity menunjukkan hanya terdapat dua titik yang keluar dari Control Limit. Dari hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa pengendalian mutu avtur masih belum terkontrol akan tetapi tingkat keakurasiannya sudah baik dan Avtur masih dalam batasan spesipikasi yang telah ditetapkan karena hasil perhitungan Cp dan Cpk > 1,33.
Hygeia – An Automated Disinfection Booth using FAR UVC
Authors:   Bohol Island State University – Candijay Campus, Cogtong, Candijay, Bohol, Philippines, Amora Epifelward Niño O. , Romero Kennery V. , Amoguis Rennan C. , Olandria Jonas E. , Olandria Evangeline N. , Bernales Alma Mae J. , Romero Pamela Joy B.
Published: July 2022

This paper addressed the current gaps of the health and safety protocols followed by the health workers and other front-line workers in conducting disinfection of self and personal protective equipment (PPE) after using it. The current disinfection system disinfects surfaces, water, air, materials, utensils, rooms, compartments, foods and other already came in various ways. Some of these include gas disinfecting, alcohol, chlorine, bleach, detergents, steams, hot water, hot gas, chemicals, UV rays and more in which according to them, still poses risk among health workers and front-line workers not during the duty but on the doping and donning of the PPE. The researchers used the Agile Scrum methodology of software development; thus, user stories were collected during stakeholders’ meeting. The meeting includes the researchers, RHU personnel and the front-liners. This allows all the concerned individuals and agencies to express their concern and needs during the donning and doffing process. After the meeting, the researchers decided to develop Hygeia, a system of interconnected electronic devices that aims to automate the disinfection of booths using UVC light as disinfectant. It used the concept of IOT which Arduino Microcontroller, Raspberry Pi, Sensors, Motors, Relay, Switches, Pumps and Water Valves were used to deliver its specified functions. Daily standup meetings were conducted in order to monitor the progress of the project and if it meets the needs of the client before delivering the fully potential product. Keywords: Micro-controllers, Internet of Things, Ultraviolet C, CoVid Response
Granzyme B Gene Polymorphisms and Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis
Authors: Alshamary Hussein , Mayah Qasim , Ridha Fadhil
Published: July 2022

Abstract
Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to be a hazard for public health across the globe. Chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma are all possible outcomes (HCC). It is obvious that certain patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) viral infection developed HCC, while other under almost similar circumstances do not. To inspect the possible there being a link between three single nucleotide gene polymorphisms (SNPs) in GzmB genes with the development of HCC. A total of 85 patients diagnosed with CHB participated in this research (40 patients with HCC and 45 patients without HCC). Three SNPs in GzmB gene (rs7144366, rs8192917 and rs2236338) were genotypes using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The haplotype blocks derived from the three SNPs were assembled, and the linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the SNPs was determined using the SHEsis software. The homozygous mutant genotype (CC) was shown to be significantly more common in patients with HCC (27.5 %) than in those without HCC (11.11 %) (OR= 3.93, 95 percent CI=1.13-13.62, p=0.031). At allelic level, the mutant allele (C) was more frequent in patients with than those without HCC (46.25% vs. 26.67%) with a significant deviation (OR=2.36, 95%CI= 1.25- 4.49, p= 0.008). the haplotype block CCG was more common among patients with HCC (26.25%) than those without HCC (12.22%) with a significant difference (OR= 2.56, 95%= 1.14-5.71, p= 0.022). the final conclusion carrying the mutant homozygous (CC) of the SNP rs8192917 and allele C of this SNP may have a higher chance of developing HCC compared with those carrying other genotypes and T allele of the SNP. The haplotype block CCG (corresponding for TC allele of rs7144366, C allele of rs8192917 and G allele of rs2236338) might be regarded as a risk factor for the emergence of HCC in patients with CHB.
Protective effect of L-carnitine nanoparticles Vs carnitine on lead acetate-induced toxicity in male rats.
Authors: Mahdi Hayder , Ghadhban Rashad
Published: July 2022

Chitosan nanoparticles are important materials that are widely used in many biological, engineering and food industries and are also used as plant growth stimulants as well as use as vectors for drug delivery to target cells. Whereas L-carnitine (LC) is a water-soluble compound that contributes to the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the mitochondrial membranes and the oxidation of β-lipids. Methods: 60 male rats (Rattus Rattus) were divided into six equal groups. The first group (control group): Animals received orally distilled water. The second group. Animals received 1ml orally lead acetate at a dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight daily for 30 days. Third group: Animals received 1ml (lead acetate 30mg/kg B.W + L-carnitine (100mg/ kg B.W. /daily). The fourth group. Animals received 1ml (lead acetate 30mg/kg B.W. + Nano L-carnitine 100mg/ kg B.W./ daily). The fifth group: Animals received 1ml of L-Carnitine orally at a dose of 100mg/ kg B.W /daily. The sixth group: Animals received 1ml of L-Carnitine-NPs orally at 100mg/ kg B.W /daily. Results: Our findings demonstrated that exposure to lead acetate caused a significant increase in liver-enzymes Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and renal function enzymes (creatinine and urea) in the lead acetate group. Whereas, lead treatment increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be removed through decreased glutathione (GHPX) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA). Conclusions: Histopathological study showed significant changes in the brain (cerebellum) that disrupted the normal arrangement of the three layers, with large distances between the Purkinje cell layer and the molecular or granular layer. According to the study, we can conclude that the Nano L-Carnitine had a greater role in protecting against the effect of lead at the haematological parameters and a clear role in the protection against histopathology change of lead poisoning. L-Carnitine and Nano L-Carnitine had an active role in protecting against lead acetate toxicity.
Molecular detection of Aspergilli from commercial chicken in selected areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Arafat Md , Islam Md , Ahamed Shamim , Mahmud Md , Rahman Md , Nazir K
Published: July 2022

Objectives: This study was designed to isolate, identify, and determine the prevalence of Aspergilli in commercial chicken in selected areas of Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: A total of 50 lung samples from suspected dead chickens, comprising broilers (n = 32) and layers (n = 18), aged between 5 days and 45 weeks, were collected from poultry farms located in the Gazipur district in Bangladesh. Fungi were primarily identified based on the colony morphology using potato dextrose agar (PDA). DNA was extracted from the suspected colonies. Aspegillus spp. was detected by genus-specific ASAP-1 and ASAP-2. Aspergillus spp. were then screened by polymerase chain reaction targeting Aspergillus flavus (FLA-1 and FLA-2), Aspergillus fumigatus (ASPU and Af3r), and Aspergillus niger (ASPU and Nilr).
Results: The overall prevalence of Aspergillus spp. was 44% (n = 22/50; p < 0.05). Among the Aspergilli, A. flavus was detected in 10% (n = 5/50) of the samples. Similarly, A. fumigatus and A. niger were detected at 26% (n = 13/50) and 8% (n = 4/50) respectively. Three samples were associated with more than one fungus; two fungi (A. flavus and A. niger) were in two samples, and three fungi (A. flavus, A. fumigatus, and A. niger) were in one sample.
Conclusion: Isolation and prevalence of Aspergillus spp. in commercial chicken were studied for the first time in Bangladesh.
Porcine circovirus type 2 and its associated diseases in southwestern Nigeria: Farmers’ perception and level of awareness
Authors: Adebowale Oluwawemimo , Amoo Olufemi , Afolabi Kayode , Oloye Abimbola
Published: July 2022

Objective: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is one of the most important causative agents of swine diseases that pose a global economic threat. Presently, there is little or no information on the perception and awareness of PCV2 and its associated effects among pig farmers in Nigeria. Therefore, this research was carried out to describe pig farmers’ views, awareness, and likely impact of PCV2 and its associated postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) on pig production in the southwestern region of Nigeria.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey of pig farmers in Oyo and Ogun states, Southwest Nigeria, was carried out with the help of a self-administered questionnaire.
Results: A total of 111 farms out of the 385 required took part in the study, resulting in a total response rate of 28.8%. 89 (79.2%, 95% CI = 70.8–85.8) pig farmers who participated were unaware of PCV2, while 46 (41.4%, 95% CI = 32.7–50.7) had heard about PMWS. The level of awareness was generally poor, with an average score of 1.43 (SD ± 1.25; 23.9%). Only 23% (25/111) of the participants had a high level of awareness. To promote awareness about PCV2/PMWS, participants’ most preferred sources of information were seminars, extension services (especially by veterinary and agricultural extension officers), social media (WhatsApp and YouTube), and mobile telephone (through calls or text messages).
Conclusions: The present study showed a gap in the level of farmers’ awareness about PCV2/ PMWS, and to bridge the gap, more scientific-based evidence is needed to promote targeted educational programs and policy formulations. Also, with the dearth of information about PCV2, it is necessary to determine its prevalence and the characteristics of the virus possibly circulating within the swine herds in Nigeria.
Production of hyperimmune serum against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus in rabbits with several applications
Authors: Putri Dwi , Poetri Okti , Candra Agung , Soejoedono Retno
Published: July 2022

Objective: This study aimed to produce hyperimmune serum against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) with several applications.
Materials and Methods: Production of hyperimmune serum against genotype VII NDV was performed on eight New Zealand white rabbits divided into four groups. Rabbits were immunized three times on the 1st day, the 14th day, and the 30th day. Blood sampling was carried out on the 8th day after the third immunization.
Results: All groups showed the same pattern of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titer results. HI titers would peak on the 5th or the 9th day after the second immunization, then decrease until the 3rd day after the third immunization, and increase again on the 5th day after the third immu¬nization. Rabbits immunized intravenously showed higher HI titers than the other groups. These results indicate that the intravenous route for hyperimmune serum production against genotype VII Newcastle disease virus greatly affects the immune response result.
Conclusions: The production of hyperimmune serum by intravenous immunization three times was able to produce the highest titer of 210 at 38 days. The agar gel precipitation test and the Western blot assay showed that the hyperimmune serum was specific for the Newcastle disease antigen.
Point-specific interactions of isovitexin with the neighboring amino acid residues of the hACE2 receptor as a targeted therapeutic agent in suppressing the SARS-CoV-2 influx mechanism
Authors: Ferdausi Nourin , Islam Samarth , Rimti Fahmida , Quayum Syeda , Arshad Efat , Ibnat Aashian , Islam Tamnia , Arefin Adittya , Ema Tanzila , Biswas Partha , Dey Dipta , Azad Salauddin
Published: July 2022

Objective: Despite the development of several vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the need for an additional prophylactic agent is evident. In recent in silico studies, isovitexin exhibited a higher binding affinity against the human angiotensin converting-enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor than existing antiviral drugs. The research aimed to find out the point specificity of isovitexin for the hACE2 receptor and to assess its therapeutic potential, depending on the stability of the isovitexin–hACE2 complex.
Materials and Methods: The pharmacokinetic profile of isovitexin was analyzed. The crystal structure of the hACE2 receptor and the ligand isovitexin were docked to form a ligand-protein complex following molecular optimization. To determine the isovitexin–hACE2 complex stability, their binding affinity, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions were studied. Lastly, the root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square fluctuation, solvent accessible surface area, molecular surface area, radius of gyration (Rg), polar surface area, and principal component analysis values were found by simulating the complex with molecular dynamic (MD).
Results: The predicted Lethal dose50 for isovitexin was 2.56 mol/kg, with an acceptable maximum tolerated dose and no hepatotoxicity or AMES toxicity. Interactions with the amino acid residues Thr371, Asp367, Glu406, Pro346, His345, Phe274, Tyr515, Glu375, Thr347, Glu402, and His374 of the hACE2 protein were required for the high binding affinity and specificity of isovitexin. Based on what was learned from the MD simulation, the hACE2 receptor-blocking properties of isovi¬texin were looked at.
Conclusions: Isovitexin is a phytochemical with a reasonable bioactivity and safety profile for use in humans, and it can potentially be used as a hACE2-specific therapeutic to inhibit COVID-19 infection.
Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in urban rodents from wet markets in northeast Malaysia
Authors: Kamaruzaman Intan , Mokhtar Muhamad , Ting Hong , Yuan Yong , Shah Azim , Loong Tan , Shaharulnizim Nurshahirah , Reduan Mohd , Hamid Fathin , Noralidin Nur , Manaf Nur , Zalati Che , Keng Loong , Clegg Simon , Bakar Luqman
Published: July 2022

Objective: This short study describes the occurrence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in two major wet markets in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.
Materials and Methods: 30 rodents (20 rats and 10 shrews) were caught in 2 wet markets, and a postmortem was performed to extract both kidneys. Molecular diagnosis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to detect leptospiral DNA using universal and pathogenic Leptospira primers, respectively.
Results: The results showed that 20/28 (72%) rat samples were detected positive for Leptospira spp, and all shrews were negative. Further sequencing analysis identified L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii as the most frequently Leptospirosis species from kidney samples.
Conclusions: The presented study here sheds light on the presence of pathogenic leptospires har¬boring the rat population in both wet markets in Kelantan, which presents a great public health risk to wet market workers and visitors.
The immunity function of rodlet cells in the intestine of Binni fish (Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi)
Authors: Karim Abdulkarim , Hassan Ali , Kadhim Khalid , Kadhim Khalid
Published: July 2022

Objective: Rodlet cells produce secretions of glycoproteins in nature. This study investigated the microscopic morphology, histochemical and immunohistochemical reactions, and distribution of the rodlet cells in the gut of Binni fish (Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi).
Materials and Methods: Thirty samples were obtained from the cranial, middle, and caudal por¬tions of Binni intestine immediately after being euthanized, fixed in Bouin’s solution for 18 h at 24°C, and had undergone routine histological processing, different conventional histochemical stains, and immunostaining with TNF-α and S100 protein antibody.
Results: The intestine of Binni fish showed different stages of rodlet cells classified into three distinctive forms: vesicular, granular, and mature cells. Rodlet cells are poorly stained with hema¬toxylin and eosin. Their secretory granules have a weak positive reaction with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Alcian blue (AB), and react positively to combined AB and PAS. Rodlet cells were stained lightly with Safranin O, observed pink in color by Giemsa stain, and showed reactivity to Masson’s and Mallory trichrome stains. Rodlet cells were immunostained positively against TNF-α and S100 antibodies, indicating that they have an immune function.
Conclusions: Rodlet cells, with their neutral glycoprotein secretions, play a crucial role in the immunity of Binni fish intestine.
Early metabolic profiling in the periparturient period reduces the occurrence of postparturient metabolic diseases in cows
Authors: Ahammed Mustak , Nooruzzaman Mohammed , Islam Md , Alam Md , Chowdhury Emdadul
Published: July 2022

Objective: To study the impact of early metabolic profiling and intervention measures in the peri¬parturient period on the occurrence of postparturient metabolic diseases in cows.
Materials and Methods: Using a cohort of dairy cows from two selected areas of Bangladesh, we routinely tested the serum calcium level and ketone bodies in the urine at periparturient periods. In addition, milk samples were tested for the presence of mastitis at different stages of lactation. Animals showing reduced serum calcium levels, high ketone bodies in the urine or the presence of clinical and subclinical mastitis received appropriate therapeutic intervention immediately after detection. After the intervention, the number of animals that got sick with diseases or conditions like milk fever, ketosis, mastitis, and dystocia, which are caused by metabolic problems, was recorded.
Results: In the periparturient period, most of the animals had lower serum calcium levels (8.13 ± 1.2 mg/dl), which were significantly increased by the following intervention (10.05 ± 1.4 mg/dl). On the other hand, there was a higher number of ketosis-affected animals (33.9%, 20/59) during the periparturient period, which decreased (18.6%, 11/59) during the postparturient period. Similarly, the number of mastitis-affected cows was also decreased in postparturient cows (30.9%, 13/42) than in periparturient cows (59.5%, 25/42), following improved hygienic measures. After early intervention, the number of study animals with metabolic diseases decreased from 51.7% before intervention to 15.3% after intervention.
Conclusions: Early metabolic profiling significantly reduced the occurrence of metabolic diseases in cows. Therefore, we recommend regular metabolic profiling of dairy cows and receiving early intervention measures to reduce the occurrence of metabolic diseases on the farm.
Fowl typhoid live lyophilized vaccine applied at 3-month intervals protected layer chickens from Salmonella gallinarum infection and prevented cloacal shedding
Authors: Akter Taslima , Nooruzzaman Mohammed , Belal Sheikh , Ahammed Mustak , Uddin ABM , Parvin Rokshana , Khan Md , Islam Md , Hossain Md
Published: July 2022

Objective: Here, we developed and tested the efficacy of a vaccination protocol based on a commercially available live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum (Salmonella galli¬narum) in layer chickens.
Materials and Methods: 50 layer chickens of 16 weeks age were obtained and divided into two groups (n = 25), control and vaccinated. The vaccinated group received Salmonella vaccine at 0.2 ml/bird, s/c route at 16, 18, 30, and 42 weeks of age. At 21 weeks of age, birds from both groups were challenged with S. gallinarum orally at 4 × 107 colony-forming unit per bird.
Results: Both rapid serum plate agglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated a rising rate of seroconversion in vaccinated birds across the study period, with a 4% positive rate at 18 weeks, 56% at 21 weeks, 60% at 30 weeks, and 64% at each time point of 42 and 54 weeks. The vaccine showed 100% clinical protection and reduced the Salmonella shedding in the feces and eggs of the challenged birds. On the contrary, the unvaccinated challenged birds showed clinical signs and lesions typical of Salmonella infections with morbidity and mortality rates of 36% and 20%, respectively, and had high rates of Salmonella shedding in feces and eggs.
Conclusions: With the proposed vaccination schedule Salmonella shedding was prevented, and a high seroconversion was confirmed. To prevent Salmonella infections in laying flocks, a 3-month interval immunization program is advised starting at the pre-laying stage.
Valorization of cricket, Acheta domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758), flour as a source of dietary protein in Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica (Temminck and Schlegel, 1849), farming
Authors: Kouatcho Francois , Rusu Razvan , Mohamadou Bachirou , Aoudou Bobga , Pop Ioan , Usturoi Marius , Tinkeu L
Published: July 2022

Objective: Quail production is ranked as an important alternative animal protein source in Cameroon. One of the main constraints of this production is the quality of feed, which lacks pro¬tein that is regularly supplied by fish meal. To avoid disagreements due to the constant shortage of fish meal, alternative protein sources are needed, and among them are crickets (Acheta domes¬ticus). The goal of this study was to find out how well Japanese quails could be raised if fish meal was replaced with cricket meal.
Materials and Methods: A total of 192, 4-week-old quails were divided into 12 similar sets of 8 females and 8 males. The Four experimental diets (T00, T15, T30, and T45) were all formulated based on the level (0%, 15%, 30%, and 45%, respectively) of fish meal substitution with cricket meal in the basal diet (crude protein: 20.18% and ME: 3,013.78 kcal/kg) and randomly assigned to three sets in a completely randomized design consisting of four treatments each repeated three times. Growth, carcass, and some reproduction parameters were collected. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and the Duncan test, with a significance level of 5%.
Results: Cricket meal diets increased body weight in males (204.32 ± 5.69 gm for T45) and regard¬less of the sex (226.72 ± 29.45 gm for T30) compared to 184.17 ± 3.11 gm and 214.55 ± 32.77 gm for the control group, respectively. In females, substitution at 30% increased body weight (253.80 ± 6.48 gm), while 45% induced a reduction (216.67 ± 6.49 gm) when compared to the control group value (244.92 ± 6.07 gm). Carcass yield and the proportion of different parts were not significantly affected by the experimental diets. Liver proportions were significantly higher at 15% and 35% cricket meal incorporation compared to 45%. First songs and egg laying were recorded at 7 weeks with T15, which also led to improved egg laying performance compared to the other treatments. Ovaries were poorly developed in the T45 females compared to the other treatments.
Conclusions: Cricket flour might be a good candidate as a locally available protein source to sub¬stitute fish meal in the Japanese quail’s diet at the finisher and reproductive stages, and the level of 30% seems to be more efficient.
Evaluation of inhibitor activity of bacterial sialidase from Clostridium perfringens against Newcastle disease virus in the cell culture model using chicken embryo fibroblast
Authors: Kurnia Ryan , Setiawaty Rahajeng , Natih Ketut , Nugroho Christian , Silaen Otto , Widyaningtyas Silvia , Tarigan Simson , Ibrahim Fera , Sudarmono Pratiwi
Published: July 2022

Objective: The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an infectious disease that causes very high eco¬nomic losses due to decreased livestock production and poultry deaths. The vaccine’s ineffec¬tiveness due to mutation of the genetic structure of the virus impacts obstacles in controlling the disease, especially in some endemic areas. This study aimed to provide an alternative treatment for NDV infection by observing the viral replication inhibitor activity of Clostridium perfringens sialidase in primary chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells.
Materials and Methods: The virus was adapted in CEF monolayer cells, then collected thrice using the freeze–thaw method and stored at −20°C for the next step in the challenge procedure. C. perfringens crude sialidase was obtained, but it was further purified via stepwise elution in ion exchange using Q Sepharose® Fast Flow and affinity chromatography with oxamic acid agarose. The purified sialidase was tested for its toxicity, ability to breakdown sialic acid, stopping viral replication, and how treated cells expressed their genes.
Results: According to this study, purified C. perfringens sialidase at dosages of 187.5, 93.75, and 46.87 mU effectively hydrolyzes CEF cells’ sialic acid and significantly inhibits viral replication on the treated cells. However, sialidase dosages of 375 and 750 mU affected the viability of mono¬layer CEF cells. Interestingly, downregulation of toll-like receptor (TLR)3 and TLR7 (p < 0.05) in the sialidase-treated group indicates viral endocytosis failure.
Conclusions: By stopping endocytosis and viral replication in host cells, sialidase from C. perfrin¬gens can be used as an alternative preventive treatment for NDV infection.
FORENSIC INTERVIEW WITH CHILDREN VICTIMS OF SEXUAL ABUSE IN TURKEY: THE INTERVIEWER'S SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCE
Authors: ll Belgin , Erden G
Published: July 2022

Child abuse and neglect is an important social problem affecting millions of children and their families around the world. Regardless of the physical, emotional or sexual abuse, in the judicial process regarding child abuse, it is very important to collect and evaluate the physical, biological and psychological findings correctly, as well as forensic interviews with the victim child. Forensic interview is an interview in which information about the incident is collected, whether the crime has been revealed, and the obtained information is analyzed in a psychological and legal framework, with an impartial approach to the victim or suspect in judicial incidents. In this direction, the aim of our research is to try to create a descriptive framework for the competence and effectiveness of forensic interviewing through qualitative analysis. Forensic interviewers from 3 different cities with forensic interview experience were selected in the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the interviewees by using the interview form prepared in accordance with the working areas and interview processes of the forensic interviewers, and the interview records were evaluated using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (YFA). As a result of the examination of the interviews, seven repetitive themes were determined and concrete quotations from the discourses of the participants were given for each top theme.The results obtained are discussed in the literature.
ERGEN YÜRÜTÜCÜ İŞLEVLER ENVANTERİNİN TÜRKÇE FORMUNUN PSİKOMETRİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Yar Bercem , Cakir Resul
Published: July 2022

The Teenage Executive Functioning Inventory (TEXI) is a widely used instrument to measure teenage executive function. Here we examine the psychometric properties of a Turkish translation of the TEXI (tTEXI). For this purpose, a total of 387 participants between the ages of 12 and 17, 226(58.4%) women and 161(41.6%) men, were recruited. Besides the TEXI, the Conner-Wells Adolescent Self-Report Scale (CASS-S), the Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS) were completey by the participants. A confirmatory factor analysis showed that the goodness-of-fit indices for the tTEXI were at an acceptable level (χ2(165, n= 387) = 386,038, χ2 /sd = 2,340, RMSEA= 0.059, CFI = 0.90) and the factor structure consisted of two factors (inhibition and working memory) as in the original scale
Perceived leadership quality in 1st-year medical students: A single-center, cross-sectional, and observational study
Authors: Sahoo Manas , Modak Purab , Dash Ipsita , Panda Monalisa
Published: July 2022

Background: Today’s medical students are tomorrow’s future workforce in the Indian health-care system. Leadership quality among medical students is rarely assessed or discussed during the undergraduate medical course.

Aim and Objective: This study aimed to ascertain the level of perceived leadership quality among 1st-year medical students in an Indian medical college.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with all 1st-year medical students studying MBBS. We took a convenience sample for this study. A self-report questionnaire-abbreviated self-leadership quality was used to assess the perceived leadership quality. This questionnaire has a total of nine questions or statements that have a 5-point Likert-type response option. Data were presented descriptively and analyzed by one-way analysis of variance.

Results: A total of 87 (58 male and 29 female) 1st-year medical students participated in this study. The highest score was for self-goal setting and the lowest score was for self-reward. There was a significant difference (P < 0.0001) in the variance of a score. The questionnaire showed a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.86 which indicates the questionnaire was having a goo d internal consistency.

Conclusion: From the experience of this single-center, it may be concluded that 1st-year medical students are having a high level of perceived leadership quality. Although their goal-setting is the highest quality, self-reward is not practiced by them. Leadership training in the curriculum may help in growing the leadership quality among medical students.
Studi Literatur : Riwayat Penyakit Infeksi Dan Stunting Pada Balita
Authors: Sumartini Erwina
Published: July 2022

Malnutrisi merupakan salah satu penyebab rendahnya kualitas sumber daya manusia di Indonesia. Malnutrisi yang terjadi secara kronis dapat menyebabkan tidak maksimalnya pertumbuhan linier (stunting) yang akan memberikan dampak yang bersifat jangka pendek dan jangka panjang prevalensi stunting pada balita di Indonesia sebesar 30,8%, Indonesia termasuk ke dalam negara ketiga dengan prevalensi tertinggi di regional Asia Tenggara, dengan rata-rata prevalensi balita stunting tahun 2005-2017 adalah 36,4%. Adapun penyebab langsung dan tidak langsung terjadinya stunting adalah asupan nutrisi yang tidak adekuat dan penyakit infeksi. Tujuan untuk mengkaji seberapa besar risiko balita yang memiliki riwayat penyakit infeksi mengalami stunting. Metode yang digunakan yaitu literatur review melalui database google scholar untuk jurnal Indonesia dan jurnal luar negeri pada alamat website https://scholar.google.co.id/. Pencarian artikel menggunakan kata kunci “ penyakit infeksi dan stunting” dengan pengaturan rentang waktu 2015-2021. Berdasarkan hasil review beberapa artikel didapatkan hasil bahwa penyakit infeksi pada balita berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya risiko terjadinya stunting sebesar 3 - 8 kali lebih besar dibandingkan balita yang tidak memiliki riwayat penyakit infeksi. Riwayat penyakit infeksi pada balita merupakan faktor protektif terjadinya stunting sehingga mencegah terjadinya penyakit infeksi melalui kesehatan lingkungan dan penyediaan air bersih di rumah tangga dapat menjadi salah satu upaya dalam melakukan pencegahan stunting pada balita
Review Literatur : Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Kanker Serviks
Authors: Pratitis Izzati Adha , Adhisty Karolin
Published: July 2022

Seiring dengan makin meningkatnya stasium kanker serviks, pasien mengeluhkan nyeri dengan intensitas yang makin tinggi dan durasi yang makin panjang. Hal ini menjadikan nyeri merupakan salah satu gejala dengan penerapan intervensi penting dalam asuhan keperawatan. Dikatakan bahwa nyeri berasal dari permasalahan fisik dan psikologis pasien sehingga pasien kanker serviks diharapkan mampu untuk mengontrol nyeri tersebut. Tujuan dari literature review ini adalah memberikan  alternatif intervensi yang dapat diberikan pada pasien kanker serviks secara non farmakologis. Jenis penelitian yaitu dengan menggunakan metode literature review menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Pemilihan kriteria jurnal dapat diakses dengan penuh, tahun jurnal yang dibatasi dari 10 tahun terakhir yaitu tahun 2010-2020. Hasil literature review ini memberikan rekomendasi melalui terapi Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) dan Hypnotherapy sebagai alternatif intervensi yang dapat diberikan pada pasien kanker serviks. Kedua terapi ini memiliki pengaruh yang baik terhadap penurunan intensitas nyeri pada berbagai penerapan penelitian yang ada.