bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cropping System, Landscape Position, and Topsoil Depth Affect Soil Fertility and Nutrient Buffering
Authors: Conway Lance S. , Yost Matt A. , Kitchen Newell R. , Sudduth Kenneth A. , Veum Kristen S.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Depth to claypan, landscape position, and cropping system influence soil fertility and nutrient buffering.

Accounting for landscape‐variable depth to claypan could improve P and K management.

Cover crops can help increase soil organic matter content.

Cover crops may help reduce P requirements on claypan soils.

Precise nutrient management across claypan soil landscapes requires an understanding of how diversity in management practices impacts soil properties and nutrient buffering. Therefore, a study was performed at the Central Mississippi River Basin site of the USDA Long‐Term Agroecosystem Network from 2010 to 2016 to determine how depth to claypan (DTC), cropping system (CS), and landscape position (LP) affect soil properties, and whether accounting for these factors could improve fertility management. Treatments consisted of five CS {MTCS, mulch till corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]; NTCS, no‐till corn–soybean; NTCSW, no‐till corn–soybean–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–cover crop; CCRP, cool season conservation reserve program; and HAY, cool and warm‐season hay} and three LP (summit, backslope, and footslope), each with a distinct DTC. Soil test P (STP) was 9 kg P ha–1 greater on footslopes than summits. Soil test K (STK) and soil organic matter content (SOM) were greatest on backslopes and averaged 384 kg K ha–1 and 20 g kg–1, respectively, Soil test P was ≥49% and STK was ≥10% lower in NTCSW than in MTCS or NTCS. However, crop diversity in NTCSW maintained STP and increased SOM 2 g kg–1 over MTCS. Soil test P, pHs, and SOM were similar between CCRP and HAY, while STK in CCRP was greater at all LP. Lastly, deeper DTC caused greater P buffering and less K buffering than shallower DTC. These results indicate that eroded sideslopes with shallow DTC likely need more or more frequent P and less K than other LP.
Partnership strategy model for small and medium enterprises
Authors: Vanags Andris , Ābeltiņa Anna , Zvirgzdiņa Rosita
Published: March 2018

The Latvian economy mainly consists of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). There are two important moments in the enhancement of their successful development and competitiveness: competition and collaboration. In the modern world collaboration or partnership is starting to play an ever increasing role as is shown by the research carried out. This research analyzes the partnership model which consists of three components: partnership context component, external partner network component, and internal environment component.The following research methodology was used: monographic method based also on literature review; logically constructive method – to formulate conclusions, analyze the results and establish correlations; analytical method – to divide whole into parts and analyze the parts during the research; synthesis method – unification of elements into a system to research their correlations; social research methods – to obtain primary information and to verify it; graphic method – to depict factor interactions.
O PROTAGONISMO LOCAL POR MEIO DA DEMOCRATIZAÇÃO DA INFORMAÇÃO, UM ESTUDO DE CASO: CURSO AGENTE EM INCLUSÃO DIGITAL PROEJA-FIC.
Authors: Rodrigues Vantui rodrigues , De Souza Roberto Martins
Published: March 2018

RESUMO: Discutir o advento do avanço tecnológico e sua influência no processo de democratização da produção e distribuição de informação na sociedade, passa no atual estágio, por considerar o conhecimento mínimo da operação de dispositivos digitais portáteis e do acesso às chamadas redes sociais. Levando em consideração o enfoque dos estudos em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). O presente trabalho relata uma experiência de democratização da informação, na região da periferia de Paranaguá, possibilitada pelo Programa Nacional de Integração da Educação Básica com a Educação Profissional na Modalidade de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (PROEJA) de Formação Inicial e Continuada (FIC) em Agente de Inclusão Digital, organizado pelo Eixo PROEJA do Campus Paranaguá. Nessa proposta de educação profissional a finalidade é que os estudantes desenvolvam habilidades e competências para, dentre outros conteúdos, desenvolver a comunicação popular através da produção e distribuição de material de mídia local relacionado a denúncias sobre a precarização da infraestrutura pública dos bairros, bem como as formas de resistência dos sujeitos da periferia que constroem o espaço urbano em Paranaguá. O intuito da formação é contribuir para o processo social da democratização da informação e da comunicação por meio de uma reeducação do uso das redes sociais.Palavras-chave: Educação.  Proeja-Fic. CTS. Rede social. Periferia.
Study on the effect of rainfall spatial variability on runoff modelling
Authors: Zhang Jun , Han Dawei , Song Yang , Dai Qiang
Published: March 2018

Rainfall spatial variability was assessed to explore its influence on runoff modelling. Image size, coefficient of variation (Cv) and Moran's I were chosen to assess for rainfall spatial variability. The smaller the image size after compression, the less complex is the rainfall spatial variability. The results showed that due to the drawing procedure and varied compression methods, a large uncertainty exists for using image size to describe rainfall spatial variability. Cv quantifies the variability between different rainfall values without considering rainfall spatial distribution and Moran's I describes the spatial autocorrelation between gauges rather than the values. As both rainfall values and spatial distribution have an influence on runoff modelling, the combination of Cv and Moran's I was further explored. The results showed that the combination of Cv and Moran's I is reliable to describe rainfall spatial variability. Furthermore, with the increase of rainfall spatial variability, the hydrological model performance decreases. Moreover, it is difficult for a lumped model to cope with rainfall events assigned with complex rainfall spatial variability since spatial information is not taken into consideration (i.e. the VIC model used in this study). Therefore, it is recommended to apply distributed models that can deal with more spatial input information.
Analysis of the sediment remobilization phenomenon in a rain garden using CSTR theory
Authors: Shao Zhiyu , Li Shuang , Lv Bo , Chai Hongxiang , Ao Lianggen , Zhang Xiaoyuan , Li Wenqian , He Qiang
Published: March 2018

To investigate the impacts of inflow on overflow suspended solids (SS) concentration in rain gardens, field experiments were carried out in Guangming New District, Shenzhen, China. The pollutant degradation process was assumed to follow the first-order decay theory. Inflow rate and SS concentration data measured from a mild rainfall event were first used to calculate the decay constant based on the continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) theory, in which sediment remobilization was assumed to be negligible due to small inflow. Then, SS release rates of other rainfall events were calculated based on the known decay constant and the CSTR equations. Results show that maximum SS release rate has a strong correlation with the maximum inflow rate. Furthermore, sediment remobilization was observed in general, especially in cases of large inflow rate. Analyses show that the SS release rate is proportional to the inflow velocity. However, in the later stage of rainfall events, SS release rate drops more rapidly than the inflow velocity. This indicates the existence of a critical point, at which the inflow velocity does not have enough momentum to remobilize sediments. The study also demonstrates that small sediment particle sizes and uneven distribution of inflow could trigger sediment remobilization even with low inflow velocity.
Caecal Adenocarcinoma in a Patient Mimicking Complicated Appendicitis
Authors: Azhar Muhammad , Batool Tayyaba
Published: March 2018

Colorectal cancer (CRC) presenting with intestinal obstruction is uncommon in paediatric age and carries poor prognosis. We report a case of a 13-year-old boy who presented with acute intestinal obstruction, clinically appearing to be secondary to complicated appendicitis. Exploratory laparotomy revealed a caecal mass which was resected. Histopathology report showed only inflammatory cells with no sign of malignancy. The patient was discharged home after smooth recovery but re-admitted after 2 months with recurrence of intestinal obstruction. Considering clinical behavior of the patient, the tissue blocks obtained from first surgery were reviewed and it turned out to be a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with positive mesenteric lymph nodes for metastatic carcinoma.
Cystic Nephroma with Pleuropulmonary Blastoma: A Rare Dual Pathology
Authors: Hilal Kiran , Khan Anam , Sajjad Nida , Khandwala Kumail
Published: March 2018

Cystic nephroma (CN) belongs to a heterogeneous group of renal cystic tumors while pleuropulmonary blastoma is an uncommon pediatric lung neoplasm, believed to be originating either from lung tissue itself or from the pleura. Synchronous development of pleuropulmonary blastoma following cystic nephroma is a rare entity in pediatric patients. The etiology and pathogenesis of this dual pathology is still unknown. We report a case of a child who presented with an abdominal mass diagnosed as cystic nephroma on surgical resection, who later developed a thoracic lesion which was subsequently diagnosed as pleuropulmonary blastoma.
Recent Advances on Cellulose-Based Nano-Drug Delivery Systems: Design of Prodrugs and Nanoparticles
Authors: Dai Lin , Si Chuanling
Published: March 2018

Background:

Cellulose being the first abundant biopolymers in nature has many fascinating properties, including low-cost, good biodegradability, and excellent biocompatibility, which made cellulose a real potential material to create nano-drug delivery systems (nano-DDS). This review aims to present and discuss some remarkable recent advances on the drug delivery applications of cellulosebased prodrugs and nanoparticles.

Methods:

By searching the research literatures over last decade, a variety featured studies on cellulosebased nano-DDS were summarized and divided into prodrugs, prodrug nanoparticles, solid or derivative nanopartilces, amphiphilic copolymer nanoparticles, and polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles. Various methods employed for the functionalization, pharmacodynamic actions and applications were described and discussed.

Results:

Many types of cellulose-based nano-DDS can ensure efficient encapsulation of various drugs and then overcome the free drug molecule shortcomings. Among all the method described, cellulosebased amphiphilic nanoparticles are most frequently used. These formulations have the higher drug loading capability, a simple and flexible way to achieve multi-functional. Apart from hydrophilic or hydrophobic modification, cellulose or its derivatives can form nanoparticles with different small molecules and macromolecules, leading to a large spectrum of cellulose-based nano-DDS and providing some unexpected advantages.

Conclusion:

Thorough physicochemical characterization and profound understanding of interactions of the cellulose-based nano-DDS with cells and tissues is indispensable. Moreover, studies toward technics parameter optimization and scale up from the laboratory to production level should be undertaken. The development of intravenous and orally applicable cellulose-based nano-DDS will be an important research area, and these systems will have more commercial status in the market.
Cancer Chemotherapy by Novel Bio-active Natural Products: Looking Towards the Future
Authors: Prakash Om , Usmani Shazia , Singh Ruchi , Mahapatra Debarshi K. , Gupta Amresh
Published: March 2018

Background:

Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally and accounted for
8.8 million deaths annually in humans. Lung, prostate, colorectal, stomach and liver cancer are the
most common types of cancer in men, while breast, colorectal, lung, cervix and stomach cancer
are the most common among women. Numerous drugs that the US Food and Drug Administration
(FDA) have approved for use in cancer therapy are derived from plants, including taxanes such as
paclitaxel and vinca alkaloids such as vincristine and vinblastine. Still, there is an intense need for
a search for numerous bioactive sources to develop a novel anti-cancer drug to overcome this
chronic disorder. About more than thirty plants derived natural products have been isolated till
date and are currently under clinical trials. As per literature survey from various journals and texts
has been found to be novel medicinal agents from bioactive sources are clinically active against
various types of cancer cells.

Conclusion:

Current review has been highlighted on the novel medicinal agents from plant
sources have potential effects against many types of cancer, which have been supported by clinical
trials. The main findings of these active novel medicinal agents were also summarized and
discussed here.
Heart Disease Prediction System Using Decision Tree and Naive Bayes Algorithm
Authors: Maheswari Subburaj , Pitchai Ramu
Published: March 2018

The huge information of healthcare data is collected from the healthcare industry which
is not “mined” unfortunately to make effective decision making for the identification of hidden information.
The end user support system is used as the prediction application for the heart disease
and this paper proposes windows through the intelligent prediction system the instance guidance
for the heart disease is given to the user. Various symptoms of the heart diseases are fed into the
application. The user precedes the processes by checking the specific detail and symptoms of the
heart disease. The decision tree (ID3) and navie Bayes techniques in data mining are used to retrieve
the details associated with each patient. Based on the accurate result prediction, the performance
of the system is analyzed.
Diabetes Online Community User Perceptions of Successful Aging With Diabetes: Analysis of a #DSMA Tweet Chat (Preprint)
Authors: Litchman Michelle L , Snider Christopher , Edelman Linda S , Wawrzynski Sarah E , Gee Perry M
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND

According to the American Diabetes Association, there are approximately 30.3 million Americans with diabetes, and the incidence is growing by nearly 1.5 million cases per year. These individuals are at particularly high risk of developing secondary comorbid conditions related to diabetes and aging. Nearly 45% of individuals aged 65 to 75 years use social media, and this number is steadily growing. The use of social media provides the opportunity to assess the perceptions and needs of this population.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to examine stakeholder perceptions of successful aging with diabetes.

METHODS

This study presents a retrospective analysis of a tweet chat focused on aging with diabetes. Tweets were collected using Symplur Signals data analytics software (Symplur LLC) and analyzed for content analysis, sentiment, and participant demographics. Two authors reviewed discussion posts for accuracy of analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 59 individuals participated in this tweet chat generating 494 tweets and nearly 2 million impressions. Most (36/59, 63%) tweet chat participants were people living with diabetes; 25% (14/59) were caregivers and advocates. Seven countries were represented in the conversation. A majority (352/494, 71.3%) of the tweets indicated positive sentiment related to aging with diabetes. Five major themes emerged from the qualitative analysis: (1) personal decline now and in the future, (2) limited access to treatment, (3) inability to provide self-care, (4) health care provider capacity to support aging with diabetes, and (5) life-long online peer health support to facilitate diabetes management.

CONCLUSIONS

Individuals with diabetes are living longer and want to be supported with specialized care and access to technology that will allow them to successfully age. Aging- and diabetes-related changes may complicate diabetes management into old age. People with diabetes desire options including aging in place; therefore, special training for care partners and health care providers who care for older adults is needed.
Skrining Lactobacillus plantarum Penghasil Asam Laktat untuk Fermentasi Mocaf
Authors: Noor Zulafa , Cahyanto Muhammad Nur , Indrati Retno , Sardjono Sardjono
Published: March 2018

This study was aimed to select the best isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum from 6 (six) of local isolates obtained from culture collections isolated from traditional foods. Selection of isolates was based on the growth rate, the number of cells, changes in pH and lactic acid production during cell growth on the MRS-broth at 37 °C for 24 hours. The results showed that the growth rate of each isolate varied, as measured by the length of the log phase, ranging from 8-20 h. It showed that some isolates quite fast towards a stationary phase and some quite slow. The number of cell ranged from 8.81 to 9.74 log CFU/mL, while the pH at the beginning of cell growth from 5.2 to 5.8, and at the end of growth from 3.4 to 3.7. Lactic acid production by the end of the growth (24 h) is 0.76 to 0.98%. The results showed isolate of L. plantarum UA3 was best having the fastest growth rate (8 h of log phase), the highest cell number (9.74 log CFU/mL), and the highest lactic acid produced (0.92 %) for 14 h incubation on MRS-broth at 37 °C. Application of selected isolate of L. plantarum UA3 on solid substrate fermentation using media grated cassava yield in 0.92% lactic acid after fermentation for 60 h, with a cell number of 9.54 log CFU/mL. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memilih isolat Lactobacillus plantarum terbaik dari 6 (enam) macam isolat lokal yang diperoleh dari koleksi kultur yang berasal dari makanan tradisional. Pemilihan isolat didasarkan pada kecepatan pertumbuhan, jumlah sel, perubahan pH dan produksi asam laktat selama pertumbuhan pada media MRS-broth pada suhu 37 °C selama 24 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecepatan pertumbuhan setiap isolat bervariasi, yang diukur dari lamanya fase log, yaitu berkisar antara 8–20 jam. Ini memperlihatkan bahwa beberapa isolat cukup cepat menuju fase stasioner dan beberapa lagi cukup lambat. Jumlah sel berkisar antara 8,81–9,74 log CFU/mL, sedangkan pH pada awal pertumbuhan sekitar 5,2–5,8, dan pada akhir pertumbuhan 3,4–3,7. Produksi asam laktat pada akhir pertumbuhan (24 jam) adalah 0,76–0,98%. Dari hasil tersebut isolat L. plantarum UA3 merupakan isolat terbaik dengan fase pertumbuhan log yang tercepat (8 jam), jumlah sel tertinggi (9,74 log CFU/mL), dan menghasilkan asam laktat paling tinggi (0,92%) pada inkubasi selama 14 jam dalam media MRS-broth suhu 37 °C. Aplikasi dari isolat terpilih L.plantarum UA3 dalam fermentasi substrat padat menggunakan media kasava parut menghasilkan asam laktat sebesar 0,92% setelah fermentasi selama 60 jam, dengan jumlah sel 9,54 logCFU/mL.
Collaborative Governance Model in Managing International Borders in Riau Islands Province using Partial Least Squares Method
Authors: Muhammad Adji Suradji
Published: March 2018

Despite the large number of border management agencies at both local and national level, there is no guarantee that borders of Riau Islands Province are well protected. Most illegal fishing, mining and human trafficking are attributable to the lack of collaboration among vari-ous border management agencies. It also indicates failure to implement effectively collabora-tive culture, leadership, team process, structure, and strategic vision. This study aims to eval-uate the implementation of Collaborative Governance Model in the management of Riau Islands Province borders. The study used a descriptive verification method, and collected data using an interview technique, while partial least squares method was used in analyzing the data. Re-sults swhowed that the collaborative team process (CTP), turned out to be the dependent varia-ble, while the other five principles, , inter alia, structural, cultural, leadership and strategic vision variables were established as the indepdendentindependent variables that influence CTP.
Serum Bicarbonate Concentration and Cognitive Function in Hypertensive Adults
Authors: Dobre Mirela , Gaussoin Sarah A. , Bates Jeffrey T. , Chonchol Michel B. , Cohen Debbie L. , Hostetter Thomas H. , Raphael Kalani L. , Taylor Addison A. , Lerner Alan J. , Wright Jackson T. , Rahman Mahboob ,   for the SPRINT Research Group
Published: March 2018

Background and objectives

Cognitive function worsens as kidney function declines, but mechanisms contributing to this association are not completely understood. Metabolic acidosis, a common complication of CKD, leads to neural networks overexcitation and is involved in cerebral autoregulation. We aimed to evaluate the association between serum bicarbonate concentration as a measure of metabolic acidosis, and cognitive function in hypertensive adults with and without CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Five cognitive summary scores were measured (global cognitive function, executive function, memory, attention/concentration, and language) in 2853 participants in the Systolic BP Intervention Trial (SPRINT). Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, systolic BP, medications, eGFR and albuminuria evaluated the cross-sectional association between bicarbonate and cognition at SPRINT baseline. In a subset (n=681) who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging, the models were adjusted for white matter hyperintensity volume, vascular reactivity, and cerebral blood flow.

Results

The mean age (SD) was 68 (8.5) years. Global cognitive and executive functions were positively associated with serum bicarbonate (estimate [SEM]: 0.014 [0.006]; P=0.01, and 0.018 [0.006]; P=0.003, respectively). Each 1 mEq/L lower bicarbonate level had a similar association with global cognitive and executive function as being 4.3 and 5.4 months older, respectively. The association with global cognition persisted after magnetic resonance imaging findings adjustment (estimate [SEM]: 0.03 [0.01]; P=0.01). There was no association between serum bicarbonate level and memory, attention/concentration, and language.

Conclusions

In a large cohort of hypertensive adults, higher serum bicarbonate levels were independently associated with better global cognitive and executive performance. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01206062).
DNS FILTERING: A CLEAN AND POSITIVE INTERNET ENVIRONMENT IN UIN AR-RANIRY BANDA ACEH
Authors: Rusmansyah Rusmansyah , Mizuardy Hendy , Yusuf Bustami
Published: March 2018

The rapid IT development has brought us to the different level of an era; information openness. The information is now easily accessed through the internet. It is believed that the internet comes with many things that benefited human life. Despite its advantages, the internet also will bring problems if it is improperly used. To cope with the problems, it is important to create a safe, clean, and positive internet environment. A positive internet program, initiated by Kemkominfo Indonesia, is actively distributed to achieve this goal. We observed whether this program is feasible to be applied in a university. Our experiment object is students in Universitas Islam Ar-raniry Banda Aceh. We found that most of the students, about more than 90%, believe that a positive internet environment is important to be implemented. Moreover, a positive internet environment also will give positive impact to their personality and behavior. To realize the implementation, we have compared DNS filtering products which are able to block negative-content websites. Form our experiments, we recommend that the university apply DNS Nawala because it performs better by blocking more than 40% tested negative websites, compared to the other tested DNS products. So regarding the opinion of the students, DNS Nawala is feasible to be implemented to realize a clean, safe, and positive internet environment
A Educação Básica brasileira e as novas relações entre o Estado e os empresários
Authors: Carvalho Elma Júlia Gonçalves de
Published: March 2018

Este artigo apresenta reflexões sobre a redefinição do papel do Estado e de sua lógica administrativa, cujas estratégias envolvem, principalmente, o alargamento da participação da sociedade civil na tomada de decisões e na execução de serviços que anteriormente lhe eram exclusivos, com implicações diretas no campo da educação. No processo de redimensionamento das relações entre o público e o privado, amplia-se cada vez mais a presença de empresários na formulação de políticas e na gestão da educação básica pública brasileira. O modelo de “Arranjos de Desenvolvimento da Educação” (ADE), elaborado pelo movimento empresarial Todos pela Educação e aprovado e normatizado pelo Conselho Nacional de Educação, por meio do Parecer nº 09/2011, configura a estratégia mais recente de ingerência do interesse privado na educação pública.
A Gestalt Therapy Theory Application to the Practice of Group Leadership
Authors: FREW JON E.
Published: March 2018

A framework consisting of both theory and practice is presented to guide group leaders in making effective interventions. A variety of time-limited groups including business, educational and therapy groups are discussed. Theory derived from Gestalt therapy and group development literature is outlined. Group leaders are encouraged to alternate interventions at the intrapersonal, interpersonal and group levels of process and to support a group's natural developmental tendencies.
LANGUAGE ACQUISITION OF CHILDREN WITH MENTAL DISABILITIES IN PACITAN
Authors: Pandudinata Reza , Sumarlam Sumarlam , Saddhono Kundharu
Published: March 2018

This research is a psycholinguistic research because it discusses about language acquisition. Focus of language acquisition will be discussed is language acquisition of child with severe mental disability, namely Angga, and a child with mild mental disability, namely Rafli. The purpose of this study is to explain the language acquisition of child with severe mental disability and a child with mild mental disability. This research is a qualitative research. The data of this research is basic vocabularies of child with severe mental disability and a child with mild mental disability. This research strategy is case study. This research was conducted at SLB YKK Pacitan. In this study, observation and questionnaires were used to collect the data. The results of this study were Angga, child with severe mental disability, understands 56 basic vocabularies of 200 basic vocabularies provided, while Rafli, a child with mild mental disability, was able to understand the 170 basic vocabularies. This is reasonable because the ability of child with severe mental disability and a child with mild mental disability has been very different. The child's "ability to understand" is reflected in the IQ of each child, if a child with mild mental disability rate ranges from 50-55 to 70, the child with severe mental disability ranges from 20-25 to 35-40, so the ability to understand this basic vocabularies is different.Keywords: psycholinguistic, language acquisition, children with mental disabilities PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA ANAK TUNAGRAHITA DI KABUPATEN PACITANAbstrakPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian psikolinguistik karena membahas salah satu objeknya, yaitu pemerolehan bahasa. Pemerolehan bahasa pada penelitian ini berfokus kepada pemerolehan bahasa anak tunagrahita berat, yaitu Angga, dan anak tunagrahita ringan, yaitu Rafli. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memaparkan pemerolehan bahasa pada anak tunagrahita berat dan anak tunagrahita ringan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu kosa kata dasar anak tunagrahita ringan dan anak tunagrahita berat. Strategi penelitian ini yaitu studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di SLB YKK Pacitan. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode observasi dan juga angket untuk mengumpulkan data. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu Angga, anak tunagrahita berat, mampu memahami 56 kosa kata dasar dari total 200 kosa kata dasar yang disediakan, sementara Rafli, anak tunagrahita ringan, mampu memahami 170 kosa kata dasar dari total 200 kosa kata dasar yang disediakan. Hal ini wajar karena memang kemampuan anak tunagrahita berat dan ringan tentu saja berbeda, khususnya di dalam berbahasa. “Kemampuan memahami” anak tergambar pada IQ masing-masing anak, jika IQ tunagrahita ringan berkisar antara 50-55 hingga 70, maka tunagrahita berat berkisar 20-25 hingga 35-40, sehingga kemampuan memahami kosa kata dasar ini Angga dan Rafli berbeda.Kata kunci: psikolinguistik, pemerolehan bahasa, anak tunagrahita
DESIGNING VISUAL NOVEL CHARACTERS OF GAJAH MADA AND TRIBHUWANA TUNGGADEWI AS REPRESENTATION OF HISTORY FIGURES
Authors: Pratama Dendi , Wardani Winny Gunarti Widya , Akbar Taufiq
Published: March 2018

Gajah Mada and Tribhuwana Tunggadewi are two historical figures of the Majapahit Kingdom. Both of them had great influence in expanding the power of Majapahit Kingdom. These two historical figures can be presented as visual novel characters that educate, especially representing it through an interactive media that appeals to teenagers. Currently, there are not many visual novels featuring Indonesian history setting. This study creates visual movel characters of Gajah Mada and Tribhuwana Tunggadewi in the context of visual communication design. The discussion about these characters of visual novel uses a qualitative approach with structural semiotics method that is designing messages through visual elements of lines, shapes, textures, and colors. This study shows that the costume design on the character represents the informational meaning about the influential figure in the kingdom. Accessory design represents the symbolic meaning of the royalty. Facial design and posture as a representation of elegance and strength figure in the meaning of images. The character design results are expected to give a picture of the historical figure in the kingdom of Majapahit for teenagers.Keyword: visual elements, character, visual novel, structural semiotic MENDESAIN ELEMEN VISUAL KARAKTER GAJAH MADA DAN TRIBHUWANA TUNGGADEWI SEBAGAI REPRESENTASI FIGUR SEJARAH DALAM VISUAL NOVELAbstrakGajah Mada dan Tribhuwana Tunggadewi adalah dua tokoh sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit. Keduanya memiliki pengaruh besar dalam memperluas kekuatan Kerajaan Majapahit. Kedua tokoh sejarah ini bisa disajikan sebagai karakter permainan dalam visual novel yang mendidik, terutama merepresentasikannya melalui media interaktif yang menarik bagi remaja. Saat ini, tidak banyak visual novel yang menampilkan latar sejarah Indonesia. Studi ini menciptakan karakter Gajah Mada dan Tribhuwana Tunggadewi dalam konteks desain komunikasi visual. Pembahasan tentang karakter visual novel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode semiotika struktural, yaitu mendesain pesan melalui elemen visual garis, bentuk, tekstur, dan warna. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa desain kostum pada karakter sebagai representasi makna informasi tentang sosok yang berpengaruh di kerajaan. Desain aksesori merupakan representasi makna simbolik tentang dolongan kebangsawanan. Desain wajah dan postur sebagai representasi eleganitas dan kekuatan karakter dalam makna imaji. Hasil desain karakter ini diharapkan bisa memberi gambaran tentang tokoh sejarah di Kerajaan Majapahit bagi remaja.Kata kunci: elemen visual, karakter, visual novel, semiotika struktural
Kajian Dampak Sosial Terhadap Keberadaan Perusahaan HPH di Propinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Zamzami Lucky
Published: March 2018

This research purposed are to know social impact of foresty management done by HPH Company and influence to community around forest, conducted in Solok Selatan Regency, to know depended level of community to forest and nature resource as basic needs and specifying the target of change which wish to be reached and recommended the best approach for improving benefit of foresty management to community and also participated of community in the effort forest everlasting. This research use qualitatif method with observation, indepth interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Result of reseacrh show that the forest is very important for community as protected area from flood disaster and dryness and as wood source for cummunity. But, until now condition of forest felt having changes or degradation, especially felt from climate change side and quantity and quality water changes. There is a negative responce about HPH company existence, mostly happened because lack of socialization and communications among side. Effort of repair recommended are to develop more condusif relation between government, community with company, with interest many socialization and communications to find best solutions to the all problem. Key words: Local Community, HPH Forest Area, Foresty Management, Social Impact
Gerakan Sosial Pedagang Kaki Lima (Studi Tentang Hegemoni pada Pedagang Kaki Lima Di Pasar Bambu Kuning Kota Bandar Lampung)
Authors: Hermanto Dodi , Vivit Nurdin Bartoven , Wirawan Bintang
Published: March 2018

This article is based on a research aiming to study the street vendors’ social movement in the city of Bandar Lampung, particularly in Bambu Kuning market, by using the Marxist conflict perspective. The Bandar Lampung municipal policy to sweep the street vendors has caused them to resist. This research is qualitative, using observation technique, participative observation, in-depth interviews, and library research for data collecting. There are five important discoveries in the research; 1) street vendors movement, in Marxist conflict perspective, is a resistant act both openly and closely or latent. 2) Sweeps by Bandar Lampung municipality, which is based on public agreement on certain values such as bylaws Perda No 8 Tahun 2000 which aims at the street vendors, is a form of hegemony. 3) Movement by the street vendors, both openly and latently, which is perceived as a resistance in this research, is a counter hegemony. 4) Hegemony, resistance, negotiation, and compromise are indispensable things in a conflict between the ruling class and the subject class. 5) In Bambu Kuning market, there are people who control the street vendors as well as subordinated by the Bandar Lampung municipality. They are the market thugs usually called preman. Their position in the Bambu Kuning case is in “grey area” or not clear; representing none of both the street vendors and the municipality. Key words: social movement, street vendors, hegemony, resistance
Konstitusionalisme dan Konstitusi Ditinjau dari Perspektif Sejarah
Authors: Effendi Syafnil
Published: March 2018

The primary mission of constitutionalist thought is the limitation of power of the government. This limitation means the guarantee and protection of rights of the society. The thought about the limitation of government power aims to avoid power abuse, authoritarian and irresponsible acts. In the constitutional democratic countries, constitutionalism is one of qualifications of democratic countries. However, the democracy is questioned when constitutionalism is included in the constitution and in the real implementation of the state. Key words: constitutionalism, constitution
AKTIVITAS KEAGAMAAN MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG
Authors: Zein Zainurni
Published: March 2018

This research studied about students’ religious activities in Padang State University (UNP). These religious activities were meant to help the students develop good characters and attitude. However, reality showed contrast between these students’ behaviors and their religious values, such as frequently getting involved in student fights or doing any other amoral acts. Regarding the problem, this research aimed to observe the religious activities conducted by UNP’s students and describe the implementation of the activities. The design of this research was qualitative, with students conducting religious activities as the source of information. The instruments were observation, interviews and documentaries review. The research found that religious activities were conducted in the form of both intracurricular (included in the curriculum) and extracurricular which were managed and organized by religious education lecturers, and coordinated by the students. There were also other activities which were directly managed by the students of each faculty at UNP. Generally, those activities had similar visions and could give positive effect to students. Key words: students’ characters, attitudes, religious activities
ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN BERWAWASAN GENDER DI UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG
Authors: Jabar Maryati , Djamas Djusmaini , Dj Latisma
Published: March 2018

This article is based on a research on Education Policy Analysis with GenderResponsive in Padang State University, with the purpose of examining gender profile ofstudents and lecturers; to reveal the problems of gender equity and equality; to find outfactors causing gender disparity; and to get solution for the problems. Data is analyzedusing Gender Analysis Pathway. This research recommends that Padang StateUniversity gradually apply the new paradigms of gender responsive for every policybased on university policy groundwork on gender responsive and INPRES No 9 year2000.Key words: responsiveness, gender in education, policy analysis
NILAI-NILAI ETIK DALAM PELAYANAN PUBLIK: Praktik pada Dinas Pendidikan di Kota Padangpanjang
Authors: Lanin Dasman , Syamsir Syamsir
Published: March 2018

The objective of this study is to describe the ethical values of public service among public service personnel at Department of Education in Padangpanjang City. This study uses a quantitative approach with the type of ex post-facto. Population in this consisted of 10,864 individuals of heads of household in two districts and 16 villages of Padangpanjang. Sample was taken in two stages, cluster sampling and proportional stratified random sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using a statistical percentage, mean, and other central tendency according to research interests. Results of this study indicated that the ethical values of public service among public service personnel at the Department of Education in Padangpanjang City has not been well implemented.Key words: ethical values, attitudes, public service, educational service
STUDI TENTANG BENTUK, MOTIF DAN TEKNIK KRIYA PERAK KOTO GADANG MINANGKABAU
Authors: Kamal M. Nasrul
Published: March 2018

Silver  is  a  white  shiny metal. It is  used as daily needs as well as decoration. The silver handicraft in Koto Gadang district have been well-known since long time ago.  The things made by each handycraft centers are almost the same so that it is difficult to create interesting shapes for consumers. Beside that, the technique used is still a simple one, and the motives applied to the handicraft are only little developed. Therefore, this research tries to describe several things:  1) To identify silver handicraft product shapes; 2) To identify the name of the motives being developed; 3) To explain the production technique of silver handicraft. This research is conducted in Koto  Gadang; using quantitative  and  qualitative  sampling. The result of this research is silver handicraft shapes, which  involve various kinds of earring, bracelet, brooch, ring, necklace, pendant, and miniature, as well as ornament for wedding ceremnny, among other things are various shapes of necklace, ring, and ear-plug. To make handicraft, chisel, kikir (serrated iron for smoothing something), plait, and sickle. The motives applied on the products are cucumber leaf, padek leaf, jackfruit leaf, "H" leaf Lombok, bataro, straight lines, winding, parallel line, bamboo plait, and fish scale. Key words: Koto Gadang, silver handicraft, shape, motive, and technical handicraft study
AKTOR KULTURAL DALAM PEMERINTAHAN TERENDAH DI SUMATERA BARAT (Posisi Ninik Mamak Dalam Struktural Adat dan Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Formal)
Authors: Yunus Yasril
Published: March 2018

This paper aims to propose the existence of the role of indigenous actors both as tribal stakeholders as well as administrators of the nagari (local administrative village) in West Sumatera, home to the Minangkabau people. This study used qualitative approach. Both internal aspects and external consideration of the adat (tradition) are analysed using SWOT by in-depth interview and focus group discussion of the tribal stakeholders as well as indigenous actors. The result shows that there are important role and leadership of the cultural actors in the governance of nagari who are capable of appreciating the values and rights of indigenous people without ignoring the values of modern democracy. Key words: cultural actors, governance of nagari, Minangkabau tradition
PEREMPUAN DALAM JERATAN EKSPLOITASI MEDIA MASSA
Authors: Syafrini Delmira
Published: March 2018

Exploitation of women now comes in new faces; through the mass media. Media currently has a dual role, like two sides of a coin, on one side the media serves as a mediator for the improvement and progress of the nation, on the other side contributes to the suppression of media for the benefit of market capitalism toward consumer culture women once again being the subject of image construction. Expansion of the market and the mass media can not be separated from the flow of consumerism, because the mass media (particularly advertising on television) is an extension of the market to boost sales of industrial products in the form of imagery that originates from the "mode of production". Through the process of meaning people are affected by the image created by the market and advertisement that increase their consumptive behavior. Here begins the role of advertising in blurring the identity as the supporting tool of consumerism, therefore those who identify themselves as modern men are no longer themselves but apparently no more than "Robot Man" impersonator without original identity, the principle of life pawned in the name of modernity. Women are vying to look beautiful, to buy up all whitening products, hair straightener tools, body slimming drugs, making them "Paranoid" who are restless because being haunted by old age. Actually they are aware of the exploitation, but enjoy it on the pretext of style and fashion.Key words: women, exploitation, mass media
TENUN SONGKET PANDAI SIKEK DALAM BUDAYA MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU
Authors: Yandri Yandri
Published: March 2018

The art of songket woven handicraft Pandai Sikek is a cultural product of collective creation and traditional heritage Pandai Sikek. Songket first created to meet human needs for traditional ceremonies such as wedding ceremony of Minangkabau. The symbolic meanings in the art of songket are constantly evolving in accordance with the change of time. The art of songket weave Pandai Sikek is one of the traditional handicrafts, which is used for wedding ceremony. In traditional wedding, the groom wears songket for ‘saluak’, ‘sisampiang’, and ‘cawek’, all of them accessories for the traditional costume, while the bride wears gloves, scarves, and tingkuluak, accessories for female constume. The use of songket is customary responsibility and each of the songket patterns contains symbolic meanings. Various decorative patterns of Minangkabau songket are inspired from the concept of "alam takambang jadi guru" (learning from nature). The beauty of songket can be seen visually from the decorative patterns as well as the functions, styles, and structures. Songket handicrafts are able to survive and compete with factory-made textile products. The succes can not ignore the socio-cultural factors that the existence of this woven fabric remained in the middle of the supporting community.Key words: songket, woven handicraft, traditional wedding ceremony
UPACARA “TOLAK BALA” REFLEKSI KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT NELAYAN KENAGARIAN PAINAN KABUPATEN PESISIR SELATAN PROPINSI SUMATERA BARAT TERHADAP LAUT
Authors: Fitrisia Azmi
Published: March 2018

Nagari (local village) of Painan is a fishing area located in Pesisir Selatan Regency, West Sumatera Province. Sometimes the number of fish fished in this area is so low. The community believes the reason for this is some kind of mystical strength. Therefore they try to avoid it by holding ‘tolak bala’ (rejecting misfortune) ceremony. The main question of this study is what role does the ceremony play in the Painan fishermen community? The data is analysed using functional structural theory of Redcliffe-Brown. As a materialization of local wisdom, the ceremony is important among the fishermen community. Religious, social, and economic aspects of the ceremony can change the perception of society. Fishermen realize the harmony between human and supernatural creatures. In the other hand, the ceremony helps develop and preserve the social binding and teach them about the importance of saving and economical spending.Keywords: ‘tolak bala’, local wisdom, fishermen
Halaman Belakang
Authors: Belakang Halaman
Published: March 2018

1. Indek Subjek2. Persiapan Tulisan3. Borang Berlangganan
Halaman Depan
Authors: Depan Halaman
Published: March 2018

- Cover- Struktur Humanus- Daftar Isi- Pengantar Redaksi
KNPI KOTA PADANG DALAM MENGHADAPI PERUBAHAN SOSIAL ERA ORDE BARU MENUJU REFORMASI
Authors: Nora. AN Desri
Published: March 2018

This article reveals the condition of KNPI as an organization that accommodate all youth organizations in facing social change that occurred in Indonesia from the New Order Regime towards Reformation Order. The results of this study shows that during the New Order Regime, KNPI became an extension of the ruling party and this codition is still affecting KNPI in the reformation era although Indonesia has undergone a social change. Keywords: KNPI, social change, reformation.
STRUKTUR GARAPAN GANDANG TAMBUA SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT DESA CUBADAK AIA KECAMATAN PARIAMAN UTARA KOTA PARIAMAN
Authors: Wahyuni Irfi Sri , Indrayuda Indra
Published: March 2018

This article aims to reveal the structure of arrangement of Gandang Tambua and the function of Gandang Tambua in the communities in terms of local wisdom. This study examines the values in local wisdom that are represented in the arrangement of Gandang Tambua in Cubadak Aia village, Pariaman Utara district, Pariaman City. This research is qualitative using descriptive method. Data is collected through interview, observation with direct participation, documentation, and literature review. Data is then analysed according to Miles and Huberman’s. The result shows that the arrangement structure of Gandang Tambua consists of parts related to each other. ‘Tasa’ plays as the main role in leading the performance of Gandang Tambua, while Gandang Tambua follows Tasa. It means, based on the local wisdom, the leaders are one step in front and one level higher. It also refers to the social structure of Minangkabau community where the children see their uncles as kings, the unces see ‘pangulu’ (tribal leaders) as kings, pangulu see the truth as king, and the truth stands on its own. Gandang Tambua also serves as the media for social integration, entertainment, and communication. Keywords: Gandang Tambua, local wisdom, function and structure of arrangement