bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effect of English Education with Digital Stories on Self-Efficacy, Achievement, and Opinions of Foreign National Teacher Candidates
Authors: KARA Yılmaz , GULOZER Kaine
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the effects of English as a foreign language education (EFL) designed using digital stories on the self-efficacy and achievement of foreign national teacher candidates and to reveal the educational experiences of prospective teachers with digital stories. To realize this purpose, a mixed pattern approach has been adopted. The research was conducted with 30 foreign national teacher candidates in the 2021-2022 academic year. Digital stories have been developed for education faculties by the teaching of EFL. Digital story training was applied online for ten weeks as a two-hour lesson. The research data were collected through a Self-Efficacy Scale, an Achievement Test, and Interview Questions for Teaching English with Digital Stories. It was determined that English education with digital stories increased the self-efficacy and achievement of the participants after the training compared to the pre-training. In addition, participants' awareness of digital stories increased; they described education as fun, economical, and instructive and thought positively in general. Accordingly, it is recommended to prefer English education with digital stories when it is desired to develop self-efficacy, achievement, and digital story experiences.

Keywords: Foreign language education, Teacher training, Educational technology, Self-efficacy, Achievement, Digital Storytelling.
HASTANE ÖNCESİ ACİL SAĞLIK ÇALIŞANLARININ AKILLI AMBULANS VE TABLET KULLANIMININ TEKNOLOJİ KABUL MODELİ İLE İNCELENMESİ
Authors: DENİZLİ Fatih , KINIŞ Zühal , DENİZLİ Hatice
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı hastane öncesi acil sağlık çalışanlarının akıllı ambulans ve tablet (elektronik vaka sistemi) kullanımının teknoloji kabul modeli ile incelenmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda gerçekleştirilen çalışmaya 275 acil sağlık çalışanı katılmıştır. Araştırmada 25 ifadeden oluşan “Teknoloji Kabul Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda acil sağlık çalışanlarının teknoloji kabul düzeylerinin yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada algılanan kullanım kolaylığının; algılanan faydayı ve kullanıma yönelik tutumu, algılanan faydanın; kullanıma yönelik tutumu ve kullanıma yönelik niyeti pozitif yönde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Kullanıma yönelik tutumun kullanıma yönelik niyeti ve kullanıma yönelik niyetinde gerçekleşen davranışı pozitif yönde etkilediği de tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca algılanan faydanın algılanan kullanım kolaylığı ve kullanıma yönelik tutum arasında, kullanıma yönelik tutumun algılanan fayda ve kullanıma yönelik niyet arasında kısmi aracı rolü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada alan yazında konuyla ilgili bir çalışma olmaması sebebiyle ilgili alan yazına önemli katkılar sunacağı ve uygulayıcıların sistem geliştirme süreçlerinde faydalanabilecekleri referans bir çalışma olacağı düşünülmektedir.
Comparative Analysis of the Structure and Function of the Pancreas in Patients with a Combination of Chronic Pancreatitis and Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Babinets Liliia , Kytsai Kateryna
Published: October 2023

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is the most urgent problem of modern medicine, which is associated with an unhealthy lifestyle. This is a complex metabolic disorder based on insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia. MS is a risk factor for the development of a significant number of various diseases.
The objective: to determine the structural and functional state of the liver and pancreatic gland (PG) in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) depending on the presence of MS.
Materials and methods. 137 patients with CP of biliary genesis (CBP) were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: the 1st group – 22 persons with isolated CBP, the 2nd group – 115 patients with CBP+MS. The control group included 20 practically healthy subjects. The age of the study participants ranged from 30 to 71 years.
The presence of MS was determined, the state and structure of the PG and liver were examined.
Results. A statistically significant higher content of HbA1c was determined in patients with CBP and MS compared to the group of patients with only CBP (6.10±0.14% vs. 5.47±0.15%). A significantly higher blood glucose level was found in the patients with CBP+MS (5.99±0.29 mmol/l vs. 5.31±0.12 mmol/l) compared to patients with CBP. A significantly higher level of the HOMA index was also determined in the group of patients with CBP+MS compared to the CBP group (2.60±0.10 vs.1.84±0.09).
A higher level of liver stiffness was found in patients with CBP compared to the control group.
The indicator of fecal α-elastase in patients with CBP+MS was 114.52±2.79 mcg/g, which was significantly lower than that in the group of patients with CBP without MS (158.60±5.55 mcg/g).
Conclusions. In the presence of MS in patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis, more significant structural disorders in the liver and pancreas were established in the direction of increased density according to shear wave elastometry. The results of the study demonstrated the aggravating effect of concomitant MS on the structural state of the liver and on the structural and functional state of the pancreas in patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis.
The Results of Surgical Treatment of Patients with Many Valve Defects in Combination with Coronary Pathology
Authors: Semeniv Petro
Published: October 2023

The objective: to analyze the impact of various surgical management on the duration of the ischemic period and the quality of myocardial protection during simultaneous combined correction of two-three heart valves and myocardial revascularization.
Materials and methods. The results of the treatment of single-stage multivalve correction in combination with coronary artery bypass grafting in 93 patients, which was performed at the M.M. Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery for the period from 2014 to 2021, were studied.
Depending on the methods and the sequence of surgical manipulations, the patients were divided into three groups. I group – 42 patients who had the correction of heart valves firstly and then aortocoronary shunting in conditions of pharmaco-cold cardiac arrest, II group – 36 patients who first had aortocoronary bypass surgery, then valve correction in conditions of pharmaco-cold cardiac arrest, III group – 15 patients, who at the first stage had coronary artery bypass grafting on a working heart, then – correction of valve damage in conditions of pharmaco-cold cardiac arrest.
Results. The use of the technique of primary restoration of coronary blood flow by shunting coronary arteries in a working heart before clamping the aorta (before pharmaco-cold cardiac arrest and the start of artificial blood circulation) allows to reduce the duration of artificial blood flow and ischemic time, which positively affects the heart rhythm in the postoperative period.
Conclusions. The technique of performing aortocoronary shunting on a working heart is more effective than when performing aortocoronary shunting in conditions of pharmaco-cold cardiac arrest. This technique requires more time to perform and is technically more difficult, but it can statistically significantly reduce the time of myocardial ischemia, which reduces the frequency of severe heart failure and the frequency of postoperative complications.
Features of the Clinical Course and Quality of Life in a State with Chronic Pancreatitis and Gastroduodenal Changes
Authors: Makhnitska Iryna , Babinets Liliia
Published: October 2023

Despite the significant progress in the study of pancreatic gland (PG) pathology, the clinical symptoms and syndromes, as well as assessment of quality of life using the SF-36 and GSRS questionnaires in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) in combination with comorbid pathology of the organs of the gastroduodenal zone (GDZ) remain insufficiently studied and substantiated.
The objective: to analyze the clinical symptoms and assessment of quality of life using the SF 36 and GSRS questionnaires in the comorbidity of chronic pancreatitis with H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis.
Materials and methods. An examination and study of indicators of 30 outpatients with CP and 117 patients with CP in comorbidity with chronic gastritis (CG) associated with H. pylori was carried out. 87 (59.2%) men and 60 (40.8%) women from 19 to 76 years old (average age – 48.29±1.04 years) were the participants. The control group included 30 practically healthy persons, comparable in age and sex.
The clinical manifestations of the participants of the study groups were analyzed. For a reliable assessment of the quality of life, groups of patients were compared: the control group, patients with CP and patients with comorbidities. The physical and psychological components were evaluated using the SF-36 questionnaire. Indicators of the quality of life components of patients according to the scales of the GSRS questionnaire were also studied.
Results. Clinical symptomatology in the comorbidity of CP with concomitant gastroduodenal disorders had features compared to those in isolated CP. Painful, dyspeptic, enteropancreatic and asthenovegetative, anemic syndromes were more often detected in patients with CP and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.
It was found that the average total score of the physical component in patients with CP and comorbidity was significantly lower than that in the group of isolated CP according to the SF-36 questionnaire: the difference between the values of the average total score of the physical component of quality of life in patients of the comparison groups was 10.42 points (11.2%).
Conclusions. The results of the study show that the difference between the total indicators of the scales of the psychological component of the quality of life according to the SF-36 questionnaire of the groups of patients with CP and patients with comorbidity is 9.71 (11.5%). This proves that the psychological state of patients with CP with accompanying gastroduodenal changes is significantly worse.
WONCA Europe 2023 Recommendations: Updated Definition of General Practice/Family Medicine Specialty, General Practitiner’s Competencies, Qualification Requirements for Academic Posts and Shortage of Primary Care Workforce Statement
Authors: Tkachenko Viktoriia , Tolstanov Oleksandr
Published: October 2023

Wonca Europe, the European branch of World Organization of Family Doctors, annualy holds a powerful international event – a conference for family doctors in Europe and the world, as well as a number of events on the eve.
The objective: to analyze and highlight the news, documents and events of Wonca Europe 2023.
Materials and methods. Own participation, observation and experience, analysis of documents and materials of Wonca Europe, materials of the Council meeting, analysis of information of Wonca and Wonca Europe websites, interviews of Wonca Europe members and conference participants.
Results. 2,040 participants representing 75 countries from Europe and beyond took part in the Wonca Europe 2023 conference. At the Council meeting of Wonca Europe 2023, among delegates from 30 European countries participated with the right to vote were the president of the Ukrainian Association of Family Medicine, vice-rector, cor-member of NAMNU, Prof. O. K. Tolstanov and Prof. Tkachenko V. I.
During the Council meeting the following important documents were approved: updated definition of medical and scientific specialty «General practice/family medicine» Wonca Europe (2023), characteristics of the discipline «general practice/family medicine», basic competencies of a general practitioner / family doctor, European qualification requirements for academic positions in general practice/family medicine in universities and academic departments.
The program of the annual Wonca Europe conference included 9 keynote lectures, a number of workshops, many sessions with presentations of scientific research by family doctors, presentation of clinical cases from practice, short messages and 324 poster presentations. The WONCA Europe 2023 Statement in Shortage of European Primary Health Care Workforce became an important document with the aim of further presenting it to politicians and implementing it in European countries at the national level.
Conclusions. The experience gained, founding documents and work experience will provide an impetus for further development, support and improvement of family medicine in Ukraine.
The Problem of Lactase Deficiency: Diagnosis and Treatment Approaches in Children
Authors: Marushko Yurii , Yesypova Svitlana
Published: October 2023

The article is devoted to one of the most urgent problems of pediatrics – the malabsorption syndrome caused by lactose intolerance in children of different age periods. Lactose intolerance refers to the inability of the intestinal enzyme systems to break down lactose, which manifests itself clinically. In fact, lactose intolerance is a clinical manifestation of lactase deficiency (LD), that is, a decrease in the activity of lactase in the intestine, which can be congenital or acquired.
The purpose of the study is to analyze literature data on the factors of occurrence and clinical manifestations of lactase deficiency in children and to summarize the tactics of managing children with this pathology.
In the world literature it is noted that lactase deficiency can be primary and secondary and is clinically manifested both in children and adults, depending on the degree of activity of the lactase enzyme. Depending on the amount of lactose consumed and lactase activity, people with lactose malabsorption experience numerous gastrointestinal manifestations. Treatment for LD consists of reducing or eliminating lactose from the diet until symptoms resolve, supplementing the diet with enzyme substitutes or lactase supplements, and eating lactose-free alternatives (lactose-free products). Cow’s milk is one of the main sources of calcium and a number of other vitamins and minerals. Thus, the complete elimination of dairy products may contribute to the development of bone diseases such as osteopenia and osteoporosis, so the dietary approach plays a critical role in the management of patients with LD. In this regard, great attention is now being paid to the use of lactose-free milk in children and adults with LD.
Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Hyperuricemia: an Innovative Treatment Strategy
Authors: Kushnirenko Stella , Savytska Liubov , Bevzenko Tetiana , Rotova Svitlana , Lysianska Oksana
Published: October 2023

Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is associated with many somatic diseases, the onset and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with an increase in cardiovascular and general mortality. Symptomatic hyperuricemia – gout and various variants of kidney damage, despite the availability of modern rheumatological, urological and nephrological guidelines, does not lose its relevance, as it is characterized by a severe course, significantly worsens the quality of life, increases cardiovascular risk and leads to disability.
Hyperuricemia is a persistent increase in the concentration of uric acid (UA) in blood serum (above 360 μmol/l). The appointment of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) for gout is based on the Guidelines of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR, 2020), the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR, 2016), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE, 2022), in the case of urolithiasis – the Guidelines of the European Association of Urology (EAU, 2023) and the American Urological Association (AUA, 2019).
Asymptomatic hyperuricemia, from the point of view of the evidence base, requires only the use of lifestyle modification measures. The Austrian Society of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation for patients with gout and hyperuricemia in 2022 proposed dietary and lifestyle recommendations, including sour cherries (Montmorency), which can lower UA levels.
Combination of concentrated Montmorency tart cherry powder (1:50) and dry willow extract is an innovative strategy for the treatment of asymptomatic and symptomatic hyperuricemia, a natural hypouricemic agent with an anti-inflammatory effect, which is prescribed as a complementary therapy for gout and hyperuricemia in: cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and metabolic syndrome, CKD, urolithiasis. The appointment of сombination of concentrated Montmorency tart cherry powder (1:50) and dry willow extract will contribute to the achievement of the target value of the UA level in the blood serum of patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic hyperuricemia, the initiation of reno- and cardioprotection, the reduction of the risk of gout attacks, and the achievement of a stable and long interrelapse period.
Hypnosuggestion in Increasing Sexual Desire. Clinical Observation
Authors: Kocharyan Garnik
Published: October 2023

The article reports on the weakening of sex drive, which is caused by psychogenic factors. Hypnosuggestive correction can be highly effective in the treatment of hypoactive sexual drive.
A clinical case is presented in the article. A 32-year-old married woman, mother of two children, consulted a doctor with complaints of ‘absence” of libido for 8 years, which is combined with a small component of sexual aversion (when a man hugs her, she is “to be electrocuted”), but mainly it is about the “absence” of sexual desire.
During the taking anamnesis, it became clear that currently the sexual desire is quite pronounced (but it is weaker than was before the occurrence of sexual problems with the husband) and occurs once every 2 weeks. If they don’t have sex for two weeks, then the desire arises on its own. She is quite satisfied with her own sexual need. At the same time, the patient complained of sleep disorders.
The woman reported that in the first years of married life the need for sexual contact arose almost every day. From 2002 to 2007 she had more than 8 abortions. Then, every time she was intimate with her husband, she worried that she would have to have an abortion as a result. From 2007 to today, condoms are used during sexual intercourse.
The diagnosis of this case was based on two existing classification approaches: taking into account (DSM-V and ICD-11) and without taking into account (ICD-10) the criterion of the presence of clinically expressed distress caused by an existing sexual problem.
The patient had hypnosuggestive correction: 1) strengthening of the patient’s sexual desire with the help of 10 sessions of hypnosuggestion; 2) explaining to the patient’s husband that even healthy sexual partners may have different needs for sexual activity.
As a result of the treatment, the woman has sexual desire 2-3 times a week, sexual aversion was eliminated and sleep was completely normalized. A follow-up survey was conducted 7.5 years after the end of the correction. The patient reported that everything is fine with her husband sexually.
Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis Dalam Pemetaan Rumah Sakit Saskatchewan, Kanada
Authors: Alivia Amin Dhestyara , Sholawati Anisa , Riswanti Nita , Irsyad Akhmad
Published: October 2023

Kebutuhan akan informasi yang cepat dan akurat dalam mendukung suatu usaha sangat dipengaruhi perkembangan teknologi. Untuk mendapatkan informasi tempat usaha diperlukannya sarana untuk melakukan pemetaan tempat. Hal itu bisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan sistem informasi geografis, dimana sistem ini bisa menjadi salah satu sarana untuk penyampaian informasi tempat, terutama yang berhubungan dengan data spasial.Sistem informasi geografis memiliki manfaat yang besar dalam proses pengelolaan data, khususnya data spasial dan atribut dalam bentuk digital. Data tersebut akan tersimpan menjadi atribut suatu lokasi atau obyek lokasi geografis, sehingga dapat digunakan secara optimal dalam proses analisis informasi, sebagai contoh sistem informasi pemetaan populasi daftar Rumah Sakit di Saskatchewan, Kanada. Penggunaan GIS ini bertujuan untuk memudahkan pihak pembaca dalam mengakses informasi dan melakukan pengolahan data untuk melihat daerah yang terdapat Rumah Sakit. Perancangan pemetaan digital pada sistem ini menggunakan QGIS Desktop 3.22.11. Melalui hasil dari penelitian diharapkan masyarakat dapat memperoleh informasi populasi daftar Rumah Sakit di Saskatchewan, Kanada menjadi lebih efisien, efektif dan lebih akurat.
Pengukuran Kinerja Website Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Non Reguler Fakultas Teknik Universitas Mulawarman Menggunakan Metode Performance, Information/Data, Economic, Control/Security, Efficiency, Dan Service (PIECES) Berdasarkan Perspektif Mahasiswa
Authors: Febriyantoro Tio , Kamila Vina Zahrotun , Jundillah Muhammad Labib
Published: October 2023

Petunjuk Website merupakan salah satu sumber daya dalam internet yang banyak digunakan. Fakultas Teknik memiliki website pendaftaran Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Non Reguler yang dapat membantu dan mempermudah pendaftaran Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Non Reguler yang dapat dipergunakan mahasiswa/i untuk mendaftarkan diri melakukan salah satu program studi. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur kinerja Website Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Non Reguler, dan juga dapat mengetahui sumber permasalahan sehingga dari permasalahan tersebut dapat meningkatkan kinerja Website Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Non Reguler dengan metode Perfomance, Information/Data, Economic, Control/Security, Efficiency, dan Service (PIECES). Responden pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa aktif angkatan tahun 2019 sebagai pengguna website kuliah kerja nyata (KKN) Non Reguler Fakultas Teknik Universitas Mulawarman. Analisis pengolahan data dibantu dengan menggunakan bantuan perangkat lunak Statistic program for social science (SPSS) dan Microsoft Excel. Hasil analisis website kuliah kerja nyata (KKN) Non Reguler dengan menggunakan metode PIECES adalah Performance memperoleh nilai 3,55, Information memperoleh nilai 3,59, Economy memperoleh nilai 3,96, Control memperoleh nilai 3,6, Efficiency memperoleh nilai 3.62, dan Service memperoleh nilai 3,35. Karena masing-masing nilai pada indikator, berada di 3,55 – 3,96 yang berarti pengguna merasa PUAS terhadap kinerja website Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) Non Reguler,Walaupun masih terdapat beberapa permasalahan pada indikator Service.
Seminar Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Sebagai Media Promosi dengan Tema "Peranan Akademisi Dalam Meningkatkan Pemberdayaan Fasilitas dan Wawasan Masyarakat Kampung Ketupat Sebagai Aset Wisata Kota Samarinda"
Authors: Masa Amin Padmo Azam , Widagdo Putut Pamilih , Al-Azhimah Nur Inayah , Saputra Fadil , Chandra Rizky
Published: October 2023

Seminar ini merupakan salah satu bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bertujuan untuk membahas peran media sosial sebagai media promosi dalam meningkatkan pemberdayaan fasilitas dan wawasan masyarakat Kampung Ketupat sebagai aset wisata di Kota Samarinda, dengan fokus pada peran akademisi dalam proses tersebut. Permasalahan utama yang diidentifikasi adalah minimnya pemahaman dan penggunaan media sosial oleh masyarakat Kampung Ketupat untuk mempromosikan potensi wisata mereka. Selain itu, peran akademisi dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat dan peningkatan kualitas fasilitas juga perlu diperkuat. Seminar ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan menyajikan informasi dan strategi terkini dalam pemanfaatan media sosial dan peran akademisi. Hasil dan pembahasan dari seminar ini menunjukkan bahwa media sosial memiliki potensi besar dalam mempromosikan Kampung Ketupat sebagai aset wisata. Dalam sesi studi kasus, berbagai contoh sukses dari penggunaan media sosial oleh destinasi wisata lainnya disajikan. Selain itu, diskusi panel melibatkan akademisi, praktisi, dan pemangku kepentingan terkait, yang membahas strategi konkrit dalam memanfaatkan media sosial dan meningkatkan peran akademisi dalam pemberdayaan masyarakat. Simpulan dari seminar ini adalah bahwa media sosial memiliki peranan krusial dalam mempromosikan pemberdayaan fasilitas dan wawasan masyarakat Kampung Ketupat sebagai aset wisata. Melalui peningkatan peran akademisi dalam mendukung dan melibatkan masyarakat dalam penggunaan media sosial, Kampung Ketupat dapat menjadi destinasi wisata yang berkembang secara berkelanjutan dan memberikan manfaat ekonomi bagi masyarakat setempat. Pentingnya kolaborasi dan kerjasama antara akademisi, praktisi, dan pemangku kepentingan lainnya juga menjadi faktor kunci dalam mencapai tujuan tersebut.
ACIDENTE COM MATERIAL BIOLÓGICO EM UM HOSPITAL UNIVERSITÁRIO NO RIO DE JANEIRO
Authors: Fiorini da Costa Balonecker Alexmália , César Alves Machado Wiliam , Ferreira da Silva Hilmara , Fernandes Alves Carmen , Oliveira de Moura Ronchini Karla Regina , Moreira dos Santos Raiane , Alves Ferreira Rosilene
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: identificar e caracterizar os acidentes de trabalho com exposição à material biológico ocorridos em um Hospital Universitário do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2016 a 2020. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, retrospectiva, descritiva com abordagem quantitativa e análise de dados secundários coletados nos documentos da Comissão de Controle de Infecção Hospitalar do referido hospital universitário. Resultados: no período estabelecido, ocorreram 229 acidentes de trabalho com exposição à material biológico envolvendo a equipe de saúde. Houve prevalência do sexo feminino 175 (76,4%) como principal vítima dos acidentes. Do total dos casos, 62 (27,1%) ocorreram entre técnicos  de enfermagem e 61 (26,6%) com residentes de medicina. O procedimento cirúrgico foi a principal circunstância do acidente em 76 (33,2%) casos. Verificou-se que a exposição percutânea foi a mais frequente 179 (78,2%), tendo como dispositivo a agulha com lúmen, 107 (46,7%). Conclusão: conhecer a incidência dos acidentes de trabalho com exposição à material biológico em Hospitais Universitários permite desenvolver protocolos eficazes no gerenciamento da assistência a estudantes e profissionais da saúde.
HMGB1 Signaling-Mediated Tumor Immunity in Cancer Progress
Authors: Wen Jinlin , Zhang Xinyan
Published: October 2023

Tumor immunity is a cycle that begins with the release of antigens from tumor cells and ends with the destruction of tumor cells. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone protein widely present in the nucleus of mammalian cells and can be released by immune cells or tumor cells. As a proinflammatory mediator or alarm protein, the activity and function of HMGB1 are determined by the environment, binding receptors, redox status and posttranslational modifications (PTMs), and HMGB1 plays a key role in inflammation and tumor immune processes. In this review, we summarize in detail the current studies on the dual role of HMGB1 in tumor immunity, focusing mainly on immunosuppressive effects, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), as well as antitumor immunoenhancement effects, such as immunogenic cell death (ICD). Finally, we discuss the potential and challenges of HMGB1 in antitumor immunotherapy.
NDC1 is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that NDC1 transmembrane nucleoporin, encoded by NDC1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. NDC1 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of NDC1 in primary tumors, however, was not correlated with patient survival in human breast cancer. Modulation of NDC1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
PPP1R16A is differentially expressed in central nervous system metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: October 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 16A, encoded by PPP1R16A, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. PPP1R16A mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of PPP1R16A in primary tumors was correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of PPP1R16A expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Australia’s Tinderbox Drought: an extreme natural event likely worsened by human-caused climate change
Authors: Devanand Anjana , Falster Georgina , Gillett Zoe , Hobeichi Sanaa , Holgate Chiara , Jin Chenhui , Mu Mengyuan , Parker Tess , Rifai Sami , Rome Kathleen , Stojanovic Milica , Vogel Elisabeth , Abram Nerilie , Abramowitz Gab , Coats Sloan , Evans Jason , Gallant Ailie , Pitman Andy , Power Scott , Rauniyar Surendra , Taschetto Andréa , Ukkola Anna
Published: October 2023

We examine the characteristics and causes of southeast Australia’s Tinderbox Drought (2017–2019) that preceded the Black Summer fire disaster. The Tinderbox Drought was characterised by cool season rainfall deficits of around –50% in three consecutive years, which was exceptionally unlikely in the context of natural variability alone. The precipitation deficits were initiated and sustained by an anomalous atmospheric circulation that diverted oceanic moisture away from the region, despite traditional indicators of increased drought risk in southeast Australia generally being in neutral states. Moisture deficits were later intensified by unusually high temperatures, high vapour pressure deficits and sustained reductions in terrestrial water availability. Anthropogenic forcing intensified the rainfall deficits of the Tinderbox Drought by around 18% with an interquartile range of 34.9% to –13.3% highlighting the considerable uncertainty in attributing droughts of this kind to human activity. Skillful predictability of this drought was possible by incorporating multiple remote and local predictors through machine learning, providing prospects for improving forecasting of multi-year droughts.
Fantastic Wetlands and Why to Monitor Them: Demonstrating the Social and Financial Benefit Potential of Methane Abatement through Salt Marsh Restoration
Authors: Reilly Adam , Merrill Nathaniel , Mulvaney Kate , Colarusso Phil , Burman Erin
Published: October 2023

Salt marsh restoration has the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions thereby providing an opportunity for blue carbon crediting, but implementation has been limited to date because of insufficient data and validation. Freshening salt marshes are sources of methane emissions, which present an opportunity for states to address this source of potent greenhouse gas emissions if restored to their more naturally saline state. In this paper, we demonstrate the potential scale of methane emissions that could be avoided if salinity-reducing impairments are mitigated by applying findings from six salt marsh restoration sites in Massachusetts combined with a meta-analysis of the salt marsh salinity-methane relationship. Of the six sites selected, restorations at two sites were successful in improving salinity. Our approach and findings demonstrate the potential benefits in developing consistent accounting methodologies to better track, prioritize, and implement wetlands restoration strategies to mitigate methane emissions and contribute toward state-level emissions reduction targets across at least a percentage of the 475 Massachusetts salt marches with an existing tidal restriction. A significant limitation in estimating benefits, however, is the lack of coordinated, widespread monitoring strategies relevant to methane emissions. While not insurmountable, these challenges will need to be addressed for methane emissions reduction and carbon sequestration through salt marsh restoration to be accepted as an effective strategy. We conclude that while carbon crediting may offer benefits to marsh restoration and state greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets, there remain significant limitations because of a lack of project monitoring and data validation, which could undermine the social benefits that carbon crediting would afford. In the worst case, this could result in the offsetting of actual greenhouse gas emissions with credits that are supported by indirect and less-than-rigorous monitoring data.
Synaesthesia is Linked to Differences in Music Preference and Musical Sophistication and a Distinctive Pattern of Sound-Colour Associations
Authors: Ward Jamie , Root Nicholas , Simner Julia , Rouw Romke , Maciel Stacy
Published: October 2023

Synaesthesia has often been linked to an artistic or creative temperament, but the nature of this link (and, hence, the candidate underpinning mechanisms) are poorly understood. This study focusses primarily on people with synaesthesia who have visual experiences, including colour, that are induced by music. We determine how this impacts their musical preferences and musical sophistication using previously validated self-report measures and contrast them against non-synaesthetes and synaesthetes with non-musical types. Our data show that people with sound-colour synaesthesia gravitate towards certain genres (e.g., Reflective and Complex) and show more active engagement with music relative to controls and other synaesthetes. However, synaesthesia as a whole is also linked to greater musical sophistication (e.g., perceptual abilities). A second study examines in detail the nature of sound-colour associations in synaesthetes relative to non-synaesthetes. Synaesthetes have a distinctive way of associating colours with sounds: they are more consistent over time, show a more sensitive pitch-luminance correspondence, and have a distinctive colour palette (e.g., more browns, fewer greens). These indicative features can be used as a diagnostic measure for this form of synaesthesia.
Short-term training and rhythm complexity affect auditory-motor synchronization
Authors: Wright Shannon , Palmer Caroline
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Previous findings suggest that long-term musical training and rhythm complexity affect performers’ auditory-motor synchrony and their cardiac rhythms. We investigated effects of short-term training and rhythm complexity on auditory-motor synchronization and cardiac activity as individuals synchronized with auditory rhythms.Methods: 42 adult participants synchronized their taps with sounded rhythms to form a 2:3 duration ratio (stimulus duration:tap duration) or a 3:2 duration ratio (tap rate held constant across rhythms). Participants received short training with one rhythm and received longer training with the other rhythm. Then participants completed five experimental trials in which they synchronized their sounded taps with the stimulus rhythm. Cardiac activity was recorded during synchronization.Results: Tapping synchronization was more accurate and less variable for the 2:3 rhythm than the 3:2 rhythm. Nonlinear measures of cardiac activity showed the greatest cardiac recurrence for the 2:3 rhythm. Behavioral-cardiac correspondences emerged with training: Poorer synchronization was associated with more variable cardiac activity after long training, but not after short training. Finally, there were consistent individual differences in cardiac recurrence and predictability across training conditions.Discussion: These findings demonstrate both short-term learning effects and rhythm complexity effects on behavior and cardiac dynamics during auditory-motor synchronization.
Prevalence and Characteristics of Alcohol-involved Deaths in St. Louis, Missouri: 2011-2022
Authors: Nance Melissa , Carpenter Ryan William , Richardson Julia , Stetsiv Khrystyna , Banks Devin , Paschke Maria , Winograd Rachel
Published: October 2023

Objective: Alcohol contributes to a large number of deaths annually, both in terms of deaths fully attributed to alcohol (e.g., alcohol poisoning) and deaths where alcohol is a contributing cause (e.g., motor-vehicle accidents). Nationally, alcohol-involved deaths are increasing. However, prior work has not distinguished who is at greatest risk of alcohol-involved death.Method: The present study examines 7,641 substance-involved deaths that occurred in the St. Louis, Missouri region. Data were provided by city and county medical examiner offices and comprise all substance-involved deaths between 2011 and 2022. We examined the prevalence of alcohol stratified by manner of death, sex, and race. We conducted logistic regression predicting odds of alcohol involvement based demographic factors, presence of medical conditions, involvement of other substances, and year of death.Results: Overall, 26.29% of substance-involved deaths involved alcohol and annual alcohol-involved deaths increased 54.33% from 2011 to 2022. The majority of substance-involved deaths were overdose deaths (82.54%). Alcohol-involved overdose deaths increased 60.76% from 2011 to 2022. Prevalence of alcohol was higher for overdose deaths involving opioids and benzodiazepines (18-24%) than for other drug classes (7-16%). Odds of alcohol involvement in overdose deaths were higher for older individuals (OR=1.02, 95% CI:[ 1.01, 1.02]) and higher for males (OR=1.67, 95% CI: [1.43-1.96]).Conclusions: The St. Louis metropolitan area saw increases in alcohol-involved fatalities for all manner of deaths, particularly overdose deaths and deaths among Black men. To improve prevention strategies for alcohol fatalities, further research is needed to investigate the role of alcohol in polysubstance overdose deaths.
Divisive language
Authors: Dillon Moira Rose
Published: October 2023

What language devises, it might divide. By exploring the relations among the core geometries of the physical world, the abstract geometry of Euclid, and language, I give new insight into both the persistence of core knowledge into adulthood and our access to it through language. My extension of Spelke’s language argument has implications for pedagogy, philosophy, and artificial intelligence.
Conserving Nature, Resisting Change: Political Conservatism and Evasion of Anti-Systemic Environmentalisms
Authors: Lies Trevor Scott , Omar Syed Muhammad , Schmitt Harrison James , Adams Glenn
Published: October 2023

Conventional wisdom and scientific research suggest that political conservatism is at odds with environmental concern. Across two survey studies and one experiment (total N = 2,005) we consider the possibility that this relationship varies by type of environmentalism and ethnic-racial category. In general, results indicate that political conservatism was negatively related to support for environmentalism. However, this relationship was significantly weaker for initiatives that prioritize conservation of supposedly pristine nature (Wilderness Preservation; WP) than for initiatives that advocate techno-fixes to ecological degradation (Ecomodernism; EM) or acknowledge and address the suffering of marginalized groups (Environmental Justice; EJ). Relationships of conservatism with support for environmentalism and differences in relationships by environmentalism type were also generally more pronounced among White compared to Black and Latine participants. Study 3 provides causal evidence that the relationship of conservatism with support varies by type of environmentalism and shows that this relationship varies by participant ethnic-racial category. Exploratory mediation analyses show that weaker relationships of conservatism with WP support (versus EM and EJ) stem in part from the perception of EM and especially EJ as a threats to U.S. society. We emphasize the importance of foregrounding sociocultural context in the study of political ideology, ‘polarization,’ and environmentalism.
USO DE TECNOLOGÍAS DE INFORMACIÓN Y COMUNICACIÓN EN LOS TRASTORNOS FONOLÓGICOS DEL LENGUAJE
Authors: Peñafiel Luna Andrea Carolina , Reales Chacón Lisbeth Josefina , Bósquez Sánchez Silvana Yomar , Peñafiel Gaibor Víctor Filiberto , Guevara Llerena María Elena
Published: October 2023

Introducción: Los trastornos fonológicos del lenguaje son considerados uno de los problemas de comunicación más frecuentes en niños de 3 a 7 años, lo que afecta directamente al desarrollo social, afectivo y de aprendizaje. Objetivo: Determinar las características demográficas de los niños de 3 a 5 años de edad con dislalia. Métodos: Investigación de diseño observacional, alcance descriptivo, corte transversal, realizada en un centro privado de Terapia de Lenguaje en la Ciudad de Ambato, Ecuador, con muestra censal  de 30 niños, se aplicó el Test de ELA-r aprobado por consultores  en Ciencias Humanas, SL. en Biskaia,(España) y un Software denominado PreLingua. Resultados: los niños con dislalia predominaron en 46,66% a las edad de 48-53 meses y el 63,33% corresponde al sexo masculino, la habilidad articulatoria que más se presenta en los trastornos fonológicos de lenguaje es la sustitución, además puede presentarse una combinación entre dos habilidades articulatorias como la sustitución y omisión. Conclusión: las características demográficas de los niños de 3 a 5 años de edad con dislalia más frecuentes son la edad de 48-53 meses y el sexo masculino, donde las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación sirven como herramientas de diagnóstico e intervención en trastornos fonológicos del lenguaje.

Palabras Clave:  desarrollo del lenguaje, trastornos del lenguaje, tecnología de la información  

 

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Phonological language disorders are considered one of the most frequent communication problems in children from 3 to 7 years of age, which directly affects social, affective and learning development. Objective: To determine the demographic characteristics of children from 3 to 5 years of age with dyslalia. Methods: Research with an observational design, descriptive scope, cross-section, carried out in a private Language Therapy center in the City of Ambato, Ecuador, with a census sample of 30 children. The ELA-r Test approved by Science consultants was applied. Humanas, SL. in Biskaia, (Spain) and a Software called PreLingua. Results: children with dyslalia predominated in 46.66% at the age of 48-53 months and 63.33% correspond to the male sex, the articulatory ability that occurs most in phonological language disorders is substitution, it can also be present a combination between two articulatory skills such as substitution and omission. Conclusion: the demographic characteristics of the most frequent children from 3 to 5 years of age with dyslalia are the age of 48-53 months and the male sex, where Information and Communication Technologies serve as diagnostic and intervention tools in phonological disorders. of language.

 

Keywords: development, language, language disorders, information technology
Literatura dziecięca i młodzieżowa w obliczu katastrofy klimatycznej. Nadzieje i możliwości szerzenia postawy proekologicznej za pomocą tekstów literackich
Authors: Figura Małgorzata
Published: October 2023

The article is an attempt to indicate a turn towards Mother Earth in children’s and young adult literature and to capture the possibilities offered by this turn in terms of spreading pro-ecological attitudes among the indicated audience. The extensive introduction is intended to introduce the reader to the issues related to the climate catastrophe and to familiarize them with the assumptions of ecological humanities. The main part of the article is devoted to identifying and classifying examples of texts for children and adolescents in the field of both Polish and foreign ecoliterature. The analysis of selected books aims to emphasize the educational value of children’s and young adult literature for climate action and to show that it is, among others, thanks to literary texts that young people take / will take up the fight for a better tomorrow for the planet.
Przekłady polskich książek dla dzieci o tematyce proekologicznej i środowiskowej w Korei Południowej
Authors: Hajduk-Gawron Wioletta , Kim Younghwa
Published: October 2023

This article discusses the introduction of Polish books to children and young adult readers in South Korea. Its particular focus is on picture books which address environmental issues. Wioletta Hajduk-Gawron and Younghwa Kim examine the conditions favourable to the presence of translations of Polish books on the Korean publishing market, the phenomenon of the picture book and the values of eco-education through literature. Using several books as examples, the authors conduct a sample analysis of the chosen strategies used by publishers in the selection of books to be translated. They also examine strategies used in adapting a Polish book for the different cultural context; these strategies involve explication and textual or graphic modifications.
Obraz Boga w dziennikach i pamiętnikach dzieci Holocaustu
Authors: Szewczyk Justyna
Published: October 2023

On the basis of diaries and memoires of children of the Holocaust (Rywka Lipszyc, Renia Knoll, Helga Weissova, Dawid Sierakowiak, Dawid Rubinowicz, Maryla, and Rutka Laskier), Justyna Szewczyk outlines the image of God that emerges in the minds of the protagonists. Using the methodology of the linguistic image of the world, she analyzes this image based on a number of categories: God as seen in tradition and in everyday life; God as seen through feelings, through human identity, fate, suffering, and fatherhood. Of great importance in extrapolating the image of God found in diaries and memoirs is personalization. Personalization manifests itself, for example, in replacing God’s central position, during religious holidays and festivals, with human problems; in transferring God’s traditional competencies to the worst enemies; and in describing God in terms which are familiar to children (spatial ones and those related to the senses). In the analyzed texts, God also acquires a historical coloring: as the creator of tradition and the performer of great miracles in the past, but also as an entity whose presence is no longer experienced today. Some personal accounts testify to a psychological manner of perceiving God, as when the protagonist transfers to God tasks not fulfilled by his or her earthly father.
Nauczanie przez zachwyt, czyli kilka myśli o edukacji
Authors: Podstolec Alicja
Published: October 2023

The article shows the universality of Dr. Jacek Kurek’s conception of teaching through rapture. Originally used in teaching history, this idea can be successfully adapted to lessons of the Polish language, literature and culture. Alicja Podstolec indicates three interpenetrating levels of didactic activity: unusual use of school space, building relationships with students and a congenial atmosphere in classes, and various educational activities that give the teacher the opportunity to implement the principles of teaching through rapture (involving the use of music, literature, and painting to create a space for experience and emotions). Podstolec shows that the idea of experiencing rapture, as conducive to cognition, also works well in the space of Polish language lessons, but should never be a simple duplication of solutions and ideas of other educators.