bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accountable Operating Room Teams
Authors: Mansour David , Sayeed Zain , Padela Muhammad T. , McCarty Scott , Tonnos Frederick , Silas Diana , Mostafa Gamal , Yassir Walid K.
Published: July 2021

With Medicare reimbursement diminishing and the aging population consuming more health care, hospitals continue to push for reforms to improve the efficiency of health care delivery, decrease consumption, and elevate the quality of care. Operating rooms command a large share of hospital resources but are also major revenue generators. Surgical care has evolved to become more efficient and accountable. Defining the characteristics of an accountable operating room team has been more elusive and inconsistent. This review defines the characteristics of accountable operating room teams and recommends measures by which to evaluate them. [Orthopedics. 2021;44(4):e463–e470.]
Revision Total Joint Arthroplasty: Final Stop Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Bergen Michael A. , Ryan Sean P. , Hong Cierra S. , Plate Johannes F. , Bolognesi Michael P. , Seyler Thorsten M.
Published: July 2021

High complication rates associated with revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) may unequally burden tertiary referral centers, which manage medically complex patients. The authors aimed to quantify TKA and THA referral patterns at a tertiary referral center based on travel distance and patient comorbidities. All patients who underwent primary or revision TKA or THA at the investigating institution from 2012 to 2016 were identified. Travel distance was calculated using each patient's home address and stratified into less than 25 miles, 25 to 74 miles, and 75 miles or more. Age, body mass index, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and postoperative clinical data were identified. Patients were analyzed based on procedure performed and travel distance. A total of 4245 procedures were included for analysis (1754 primary TKAs, 432 revision TKAs, 1503 primary THAs, and 556 revision THAs). Patients living 75 miles or more away had significantly higher odds of undergoing revision arthroplasty compared with patients living within 25 miles (knee: odds ratio [OR], 2.43; hip: OR, 2.61;
P
<.001). Charlson Comorbidity Index did not increase with travel distance. Patients traveling 75 miles or more were more likely to have periprosthetic fracture (OR, 3.91;
P
=.011) and less likely to have dislocation (OR, 0.54;
P
=.026) as the surgical indication for revision. Patients referred to a tertiary center were more likely to necessitate revision total joint arthroplasty but did not differ in comorbidity profile compared with local patients. Periprosthetic fracture, a particularly high-risk surgical indication, was overrepresented among referral patients. These data suggest that factors such as underlying diagnosis, but not preoperative medical comorbidities, may influence referral patterns. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e477–e481.]
Early Complication Rates Following Total Shoulder Arthroplasty for Instability Arthropathy With a Prior Coracoid Transfer Procedure
Authors: Bender Michael J. , Morris Brent J. , Laughlin Mitzi S. , Sheth Mihir M. , Budeyri Aydin , Le Ryan K. , Elkousy Hussein A. , Edwards T. Bradley
Published: July 2021

The purpose of this study was to report early complications for anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) performed for instability arthropathy after a prior coracoid transfer procedure and compare them with those of a control group of patients following aTSA for primary osteoarthritis. A retrospective review was performed of 14 patients after aTSA with a prior coracoid transfer procedure. A control group of 42 patients with an aTSA for primary osteoarthritis were matched 3:1 according to age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, and dominant shoulder. Chart reviews identified any complications within 1 year, in addition to blood loss and operative time in both groups. Preoperative computed tomography scans were used to determine Walch glenoid classification and Goutallier classification of the subscapularis. The mean operative time was not significantly different between the coracoid transfer cohort and the control group, and the mean estimated blood loss was only 6.9 mL greater in the coracoid transfer group. The coracoid transfer group had 2 (14.3%) patients with complications, with 1 early revision for an acute deep infection. The control group had 4 (9.5%) complications in 3 (7.1%) patients, with no early revisions. There was no statistical difference in complications between the groups (
P
=.618). Anatomic TSA for instability arthropathy after coracoid transfer had similar operative time, blood loss, and 1-year complication rates as those of the control group. These results provide some evidence to support the continued use of aTSA in select patients with instability arthropathy after prior coracoid transfer procedure. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e482–e486.]
Preoperative ASES Scores Can Predict Substantial Clinical Benefit at 2 Years Following Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
Authors: Liu Joseph N. , Gowd Anirudh K. , Steinhaus Michael E. , Chang Brenda , Nguyen Joseph , Gulotta Lawrence V.
Published: July 2021

Preoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been shown to influence outcomes after total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA), although little is known about this relationship. An institutional shoulder arthroplasty registry was retrospectively queried for preoperative and 2-year postoperative 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores for patients who underwent anatomic TSA (aTSA) or reverse TSA (rTSA). Preoperative PROMs were evaluated for their effect on patient achievement of minimal clinically important improvement (MCII) and substantial clinical benefit (SCB). In total, 451 aTSA patients and 93 rTSA patients had preoperative and 2-year follow-up scores. A total of 91.7% and 70.4% of patients achieved MCII and SCB at 2 years, respectively (
P
<.001). Preoperative ASES scores were more predictive of achieving SCB than MCII (area under the curve [AUC], 0.83 vs 0.71). When accounting for mental and emotional health, the predictive ability of SF-12 physical component threshold values improved (AUC, 0.68). Preoperative threshold PROMs were found to accurately predict achievement of clinically significant outcomes at 2 years. Considering mental and emotional health improved the accuracy of these predictions. These data will assist surgeons and patients alike in setting expectations for outcomes after TSA. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e509–e514.]
Orthopedic Specialty Hospitals Are Associated With Lower Rates of Deep Surgical Site Infection Compared With Tertiary Medical Centers
Authors: Yayac Michael , Goswami Karan , Liss Frederic E. , Abboud Joseph A. , Arnold William V. , Parvizi Javad , Courtney P. Maxwell
Published: July 2021

Orthopedic specialty hospitals may allow for more streamlined and efficient care, resulting in shorter lengths of stay, lower costs, and fewer complications. Surgical site infection can be a devastating complication of orthopedic procedures and is difficult to treat successfully, requiring substantial cost and resources. The goal of this study was to determine whether specialty hospitals had lower rates of infection than tertiary care institutions. Records were reviewed for patients undergoing primary total hip, knee, or shoulder arthroplasty and single-level lumbar fusion from 2010 to 2017 at 2 academic tertiary hospitals and 2 specialty hospitals. Patient demographic information, comorbidities, and the development of deep surgical site infection within 1 year of the index procedure were recorded and compared between the groups. Multivariate analysis identified variables that significantly correlated with infection rates. A total of 20,264 patients (73.9%) underwent surgery at a tertiary hospital, and 7169 (26.1%) underwent a procedure at a specialty hospital. Patients treated at orthopedic specialty hospitals had lower rates of infection at 1 year (0.6% vs 0.2%,
P
<.0001). Of the infections, 42 (32.3%) occurred in the knee, 50 (38.5%) in the hip, 24 (18.5%) in the spine, and 12 (10.8%) in the shoulder. When controlling for a healthier patient population, procedures performed at specialty hospitals were an independent predictor of infection within 1 year (odds ratio, 0.3693;
P
=.0012). Although tertiary hospitals care for older patients with more medical comorbidities, patients undergoing orthopedic procedures at a specialty hospital may be at lower risk for infection. Further study is needed to identify the processes associated with reduced infection rates and to determine whether they can be adopted at tertiary centers. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e521–e526.]
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Graft Technique Reliably Yields Grafts With 8.0-mm Diameter or Larger
Authors: Looney Austin M. , McCann Julia A. , Serino Joseph , Orman Sebastian , Rabe Joseph L. , Postma William F.
Published: July 2021

The significance of graft diameter in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) with soft tissue grafts is well established, with a minimum graft diameter of 8.0 mm associated with lower rates of revision surgery. Consistently achieving grafts that meet or exceed the ideal diameter of 8.0 mm is still a concern with traditional tibial screw fixation, even with quadrupled hamstring autografts. The authors hypothesized that following a simple intraoperative algorithm selectively incorporating the gracilis tendon in an 8-stranded construct for all-inside ACLR with suspensory fixation on both ends of the graft would consistently achieve graft diameters of 8.0 mm or larger by allowing more of the graft material to contribute to increased diameter instead of increased length for screw fixation, with no allograft tissue required. A total of 113 eligible cases were identified, including 70 male patients and 43 female patients (mean±SD age, 25.92±6.47 years; range, 14–49 years). All 113 grafts (100%) were at least 8.0 mm in diameter. There were 8 grafts that were 8.0 mm. Overall mean±SD graft diameter was 9.32±0.71 mm (median, 9.5 mm; range, 8.0–11.0 mm). There were no cases in which allograft tissue was needed to increase graft size. An analysis of 113 cases of all-inside hamstring autograft ACLR with dual suspensory fixation showed that a graft diameter of at least 8.0 mm was achieved in every case, without the use of allograft tissue. These results suggest that this technique for ACLR is reliable in producing grafts that meet or exceed the recommended minimum diameter of 8.0 mm. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e539–e545.]
Peri-Implant Olecranon Tip Fracture: Complication of Olecranon Osteotomy Plating
Authors: Hochner-Ger Anna , Schermann Haggai , Tordjman Daniel , Atlan Franck , Pritsch Tamir , Rosenblatt Yishai
Published: July 2021

Several anatomic plates for fixation of the olecranon after a fracture or an osteotomy are commercially available. They serve as an alternative for tension band wiring, which is associated with a relatively high complication rate. Plating of the olecranon reportedly might result in nonunion or malunion and eventually may require revision surgery or plate removal because of skin irritation. The authors describe a proximal periprosthetic avulsion fracture of the tip of the olecranon as a unique complication associated with the use of an anatomic plate for fixation of an olecranon osteotomy. This retrospective case series included 35 patients with comminuted distal humerus fractures treated by open reduction and internal fixation through an olecranon osteotomy with an anatomic olecranon plate. Of the 35 patients, 6 (17.1%) had postoperative olecranon tip fracture, just proximal to the osteotomy site. In all cases, the fracture line coursed through the proximal cluster of screws situated on the proximal part of the plate. Avulsion fractures of the tip of the olecranon after plating of the olecranon osteotomy could have occurred as a result of biomechanical factors. The short design of the proximal part of the plate and the high screw density in the proximal part of the olecranon could lead to increased mechanical stress during contraction of the triceps. This complication should prompt further biomechanical evaluation of the plate design. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e583–e587.]
Prophylaxis for Heterotopic Ossification Following Distal Biceps Tendon Repair
Authors: Antonacci Christopher L. , Brown Symone M. , O'Brien Michael J. , Mulcahey Mary K.
Published: July 2021

Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a possible complication of distal biceps tendon repair (DBTR). Several agents can prevent HO formation, although relatively few studies have investigated prophylaxis specifically after DBTR. The purposes of this study were to survey members of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) to determine (1) what percentage use HO prophylaxis after DBTR; (2) type, dosage, and duration of prophylaxis used; and (3) use of single-incision or double-incision surgical technique. An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to ASES members to determine the use of HO prophylaxis and DBTR technique. The survey included questions regarding the number of DBTRs performed annually; preferred surgical technique and implants; and type, dosage, and duration of HO prophylaxis used before, during, and after surgery. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results. Of 173 respondents, 98 (56.6%) performed 1 to 10 DBTRs per year, 65 (37.6%) performed 11 to 25 DBTRs per year, and 10 (5.8%) performed 26 to 50 DBTRs per year. A total of 131 (75.7%) preferred the single-incision technique, whereas 42 (24.3%) preferred the double-incision technique. A total of 94 (54.3%) performed DBTR using a metal button and interference screw, 35 (20.2%) through drill holes, 25 (14.5%) with suture anchors, and 19 (11.0%) with a metal button alone. A total of 132 (76.3%) respondents did not use HO prophylaxis, and 41 (23.7%) used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs following surgery. A total of 35 (85.4%) used indomethacin, 18 (51.4%) of whom preferred 75 mg/d for 3 to 4 weeks. Heterotopic ossification is a commonly reported complication following DBTR, especially with the double-incision technique. Prophylaxis with anti-inflammatory medications and suppressive modalities (radiation therapy) appear to reduce the incidence of HO. Despite these data, most surgeons (76.3%) do not use HO prophylaxis. Low annual volume of cases, lack of large-volume studies with outcome data, and the dominant use of the single-incision repair technique may explain this. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e588–e592.]
Cement Intercalary Reconstruction After Bone Tumor Resection
Authors: Lesenský Jan , Mavrogenis Andreas F.
Published: July 2021

The optimal type of reconstruction after intercalary tumor resection is unclear. Megaprosthetic and biologic reconstructions may restore bone stock, but their complexity may result in complications and delays in rehabilitation and initiation of adjuvant treatment. Instead, cement spacer permanent reconstruction can be performed as index surgery. The authors studied the files of 20 patients who had bone tumors of the humerus and femur and underwent wide margin resection and permanent cement spacer intercalary reconstruction. Mean follow-up was 52 months (range, 2–255 months). The authors evaluated the survival and function of the patients and the outcome of the cement spacer reconstructions. Five patients who had metastatic bone disease died of their disease with their cement spacer reconstruction in place without complications. One patient who had bone sarcoma experienced a local recurrence that was treated with hip disarticulation. Three patients who had bone sarcomas were converted to biologic reconstruction because of disease remission and had improved prognosis without complications related to cement spacer reconstruction. Two patients experienced mechanical failure of femoral reconstruction and underwent revision with an intercalary biologic reconstruction. No patient who had a cement spacer humeral reconstruction experienced a complication, and no patient experienced infection of the reconstruction. Mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score of the patients with cement spacer humeral and femoral reconstructions was 85% and 82%, respectively. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e593–e599.]
Magnetic Resonance Arthrographic Findings After Hip Labrum Resection Versus Refixation
Authors: Aichmair Alexander , Sutter Reto , Dietrich Tobias J. , Dora Claudio , Zingg Patrick O.
Published: July 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether new tissue formation occurs after labral debridement/excision, and, if so, which morphological features are typical for a neo-labrum. The authors further compared the findings after labrum resection with those seen after labrum refixation. Patients with femoroacetabular impingement who underwent hip arthroscopy or surgical hip dislocation to address a labrum pathology were retrospectively included, and postoperative magnetic resonance arthrography studies were assessed. Forty-two patients had undergone either labrum resection (n=25) or refixation (n=17), performed arthroscopically (47.6%) or via surgical hip dislocation (52.4%). In the subgroup of patients after debridement/resection, there was anterosuperior/superior scar tissue in 83.5%, with amorphous configuration in 92%, irregular surface in approximately two-thirds of the cases, and a mean±SD thickness of 7.0±2.7 mm. A labrum-like shape of the scar plate was seen in 7.7%. Regarding the subgroup of patients who had undergone labral refixation, an irregular or rounded labrum shape was noted in 26.5% and 51.3% of cases, respectively, with a triangular shape in less than one-fourth of cases. Labrum re-tears (35.7%) were mainly observed at the base (71.7%), rather than within the labral substance (28.4%). New tissue formation can be observed in the majority of cases after excision of the hip labrum, with amorphous and irregular surface configuration compared with a native labrum. This new tissue should therefore be referred to as scar tissue rather than as neo-labrum. Whether scar tissue is inferior to a refixed labrum needs to be further elucidated in follow-up studies. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):e607–e613.]
COVID-19 Shelter-In-Place Orders Associated With Delayed Presentation and Deep Venous Thrombosis in Geriatric Hip Fractures
Authors: Wang Juntian , Breda Kathleen , Moon Charles N. , Little Milton T. M. , Lin Carol A.
Published: July 2021

Geriatric hip fractures benefit from timely surgery. At the onset of the corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, shelter-in-place (SIP) orders were mandated in high-risk cities. The authors hypothesized that geriatric patients with hip fractures were more likely to present to the hospital greater than 24 hours after injury during SIP orders. They retrospectively reviewed patients 65 years or older who presented with hip fractures between March 20, 2020, and May 24, 2020 (SIP group), and between March 20, 2019, and May 24, 2019 (historical group). Primary outcomes were incidence of presentation greater than 24 hours after injury and mean number of days between injury and presentation. Secondary outcomes were incidence of preoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and 30- and 90-day mortality rates. Thirty-three patients comprised the SIP group, and 50 patients comprised the historical group. There were no significant differences in their demographics or medical comorbidities. The SIP group was more likely to present greater than 24 hours after injury (
P
=.05) and presented a greater number of days after injury (
P
=.02). There was a significant difference in the incidence of preoperative DVT (
P
=.03). There were no significant differences in 30- and 90-day mortality rates. Geriatric patients who sustained hip fractures during SIP restrictions for COVID-19 were more likely to present greater than 24 hours after injury, have a greater number of days between injury and presentation, and be diagnosed with a preoperative DVT. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(4):223–228.]
Qualitative Insights into the Working Conditions of Personal Support Workers in Long-Term Care in the Context of a Person-Centered Communication Training Intervention
Authors: Savundranayagam Marie Y. , Docherty-Skippen Susan Maureen , Basque Shalane R.
Published: July 2021

The current study reports on qualitative insights into the working conditions of personal support workers (PSWs) in long-term care (LTC) homes within the context of a person-centered communication training intervention. PSWs (
N
= 39) employed at one of four LTC homes in southwestern Ontario, Canada, participated in a series of 1-hour focus groups before, during, and after a 2-week person-centered communication training program for formal caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLWD). Textual data from focus group conversations were coded and organized into themes following an interpretive description research design. Three overarching themes emerged related to the working conditions of PSWs in LTC: (1) dementia care is complex, (2) there is a lack of trained staff to provide person-centered dementia care, and (3) residents' families are not appropriately situated in residents' care circles. Four overarching themes emerged related to the impact of those working conditions: (a) PSW occupational burnout, (b) poor resident care, (c) frustrated and disengaged families, and (d) PSW job attrition. These findings offer LTC employers and administrators opportunities to ameliorate working conditions to better support person-centered dementia care. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 14
(5), 245–253.]
Organizational Learning and Motivation in Certified Nurse Aides: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Lyman Bret , Biddulph Marisa E. , George Kaitlyn C.
Published: July 2021

Organizational learning is linked to improved outcomes in health care settings. In long-term care facilities, the unique position and expertise of certified nurse aides (CNAs) are crucial for excellent resident care, thus is it important to understand their sources of motivation. However, CNA motivation has not been adequately studied. The current qualitative descriptive study explored sources and implications of CNA motivation, particularly as it relates to engaging in organizational learning. Twenty-four CNAs working in a state Veteran's home were interviewed. CNAs described their sources of motivation as:
I'm a Natural Caregiver
,
Support From Administration
,
Working as a Team
,
Love for Residents
, and
Self-Care
. When motivated, CNAs had more positive attitudes about their work, a higher level of engagement with residents, a stronger drive to accomplish extra tasks, and less desire to quit. Engaging CNAs in organizational learning may provide an opportunity to motivate CNAs and optimize their unique position and expertise to improve resident care. [
Research in Gerontological Nursing, 14
(5), 255–263.]
On the generalized Ramanujan-Nagell equation $ x^2+(2k-1)^y = k^z $ with $ k\equiv 3 $ (mod 4)
Authors: Yu Yahui ,   Department of Mathematics and Physics, Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, 471023, China, Hu Jiayuan ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer, Hetao College, Bayannur, Inner Mongolia, 015000, China
Published: July 2021

Let $ k $ be a fixed positive integer with $ k > 1 $. In 2014, N. Terai [6] conjectured that the equation $ x^2+(2k-1)^y = k^z $ has only the positive integer solution $ (x, y, z) = (k-1, 1, 2) $. This is still an unsolved problem as yet. For any positive integer $ n $, let $ Q(n) $ denote the squarefree part of $ n $. In this paper, using some elementary methods, we prove that if $ k\equiv 3 $ (mod 4) and $ Q(k-1)\ge 2.11 $ log $ k $, then the equation has only the positive integer solution $ (x, y, z) = (k-1, 1, 2) $. It can thus be seen that Terai's conjecture is true for almost all positive integers $ k $ with $ k\equiv 3 $(mod 4).
A elección de padriños de bautismo en Portomarín (séculos XVII-XIX)
Authors: González López Tamara
Published: July 2021

La villa de Portomarín ha sido, durante toda la Edad Moderna, un núcleo de cierta importancia en el centro de la diócesis de Lugo. En el presente texto, se aborda la elección que los padres residentes en dicha villa hicieron para los padrinos de sus hijos. El estudio de las villas que estructuraban el interior lucense resulta fundamental, puesto que las nuevas tendencias en lo relativo al padrinazgo llegaron primeramente a los núcleos urbanos, desde donde se expandieron al territorio rural circundante.Entre los numerosos factores que se podrían tener en cuenta, hemos optado por analizar la incidencia que de tres de ellos: vecindad, parentesco y posición social; análisis que realizamos para el período comprendido entre mediados del siglo XVII y finales del siglo XIX. A través de ellos, se constata lo cuidadosa y reflexiva que era dicha elección respondiendo a las condiciones en las que se hallaban los padres.
[gl] A vila de Portomarín foi, durante toda a Idade Moderna, un núcleo de importancia no centro da diocese de Lugo. No presente texto abórdase a elección que os proxenitores residentes na devandita vila fixeron para os padriños de seus fillos. O estudo das vilas que estruturaban o interior lucense resulta fundamental, xa que as novas tendencias e prácticas de apadriñamento chegaron primeiro aos núcleos urbanos, dende onde se expandiron ao territorio rural circundante.Entre os numerosos factores que se podían ter en conta, optamos por analizar a incidencia de tres: veciñanza, parentesco e posición social; análise que realizamos para o período comprendido entre mediados do século XVII e finais do século XIX. A través deles, constátase o coidadosa e intencionada que era a elección de padriños, que respondía ao contexto no que se atopaban os pais.
Contribución al epistolario de Feijoo: una carta inédita al General Lasanta (1755)
Authors: Fernández Ortiz Guillermo , Olay Valdés Rodrigo
Published: July 2021

En el presente estudio se ofrece en edición crítica la carta inédita que Benito Jerónimo Feijoo escribió a fray Diego Vítores de Lasanta, General de la Congregación de San Benito de Valladolid, en 1755, a propósito de la división regional de oficios y responsabilidades que la Congregación había asumido en 1749, una vez obtenida la Bula de Benedicto XIV, que permitía la reforma de su secular régimen de gobierno. Los objetivos que nos proponemos son, en primer lugar, contribuir al conocimiento del epistolario feijoniano, con el estudio de una carta hasta el momento inédita; en segunda instancia, procederemos a valorar la participación del monje gallego en los asuntos de la Congregación, a través, en este caso, de su juicio en un asunto de inequívoca trascendencia: la asunción de nuevos criterios para la elección de sus cargos.
[gl] Este estudo ofrece unha edición crítica da carta inédita que Benito Xerónimo Feixoo escribiu a Fray Diego Vítores de Lasanta, xenal da Congregación de San Benito de Valladolid, en 1755, relativa á división rexional de oficios e responsabilidades que a Congregación tiña asumido en 1749, unha vez obtida a bulla de Benito XIV, o que permitiu a reforma do seu réxime secular de goberno. Os obxectivos que nos propoñemos son, en primeiro lugar, contribuír ao coñecemento do epistolario feixoniano, co estudo dunha carta ata agora inédita; en segundo lugar, procederemos a avaliar a participación do relixioso galego nos asuntos da Congregación, mediante, neste caso, o seu xuízo en cuestión de transcendencia inequívoca: a asunción de novos criterios para a elección das súas posicións.
Original y copia de un Goya. El Retrato de Carlos IV del antiguo Hospital Real de Santiago de Compostela
Authors: Rega Castro Iván , Puig Sanchis Isidro
Published: July 2021

Este estudio ofrece un avance importante en la identificación y documentación del proceso de copia pictórica en la serie de los retratos oficiales de Carlos IV, pintados por –o bajo supervisión de– Francisco de Goya entre 1789 y 1790. Los autores analizan uno de estos retratos, fechado en 1790, conservado en el ayuntamiento de Santiago de Compostela, y llevan a cabo el estudio comparativo –especialmente el dibujo subyacente– de este con otro retrato de Carlos IV, hasta ahora prácticamente desconocido, que es en verdad el primero de la serie.
[gl] Este estudo ofrece un avance importante na identificación e documentación do proceso de copia pictórica na serie de retratos oficiais de Carlos IV, pintados por –ou baixo a supervisión de– Francisco de Goya entre 1789 e 1790. Os autores analizan un destes retratos, datado en 1790, conservado no concello de Santiago de Compostela, e levan a cabo o estudo comparativo –especialmente o debuxo subxacente– deste outro retrato de Carlos IV, ata agora practicamente descoñecido, que en realidade é o primeiro da serie.
Relevancia dos traballos meteorolóxicos de Domingo Fontán Rodríguez
Authors: Fernández Pérez Iván
Published: July 2021

Aunque es habitual considerar a Domingo Fontán Rodríguez como matemático, político, geógrafo o cartógrafo, este personaje destacó también en otros campos de la ciencia como la meteorología. Pretendemos en este artículo mostrar las contribuciones menos conocidas de Fontán en el ámbito de la meteorología, tanto dentro de la Universidade de Santiago de Compostela como fuera de ella, además de recordar sus principales datos biográficos.
[gl] Aínda que é habitual considerar a Domingo Fontán Rodríguez como matemático, político, xeógrafo ou cartógrafo, este persoeiro destacou tamén noutros campos da ciencia como a meteoroloxía. Pretendemos neste artigo amosar as achegas menos coñecidas de Fontán no ámbito da meteoroloxía, tanto dentro da Universidade de Santiago de Compostela como fóra dela, ademais de lembrar os seus principais datos biográficos.
Las ediciones de El libro de los estados en la historiografía española del siglo XIX
Authors: Salgado Loureiro Jose Ángel
Published: July 2021

El libro de los estados (1327-1330) de don Juan Manuel es un texto castellano de contenido sociopolítico. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar su consideración como objeto de estudio a través de sus dos primeras ediciones, realizadas ambas en 1860 por Antonio Benavides y por Pascual de Gayangos respectivamente. Partiendo del contexto de la historiografía española del siglo XIX, en el cual se consolidaron disciplinas como la historia y la historia de la literatura, veremos cómo el texto participa en el proceso de construcción de la identidad nacional. En el caso de Benavides, estudiaremos cómo su comprensión de El libro de los estados como texto histórico y de don Juan Manuel como personaje ilustre se insertan en un discurso conservador pro-monárquico. En lo que respecta a Gayangos veremos que reproduce una consideración generalizada del texto como un espejo de príncipes y de don Juan Manuel como autor didáctico, desprovista de connotaciones políticas.
[gl] O Libro de los estados (1327-1330) de don Juan Manuel é un texto castelán de contido sociopolítico. O obxectivo deste traballo é analizar a súa consideración como obxecto de estudo a través das súas dúas primeiras edicións, realizadas ambas en 1860 por Antonio Benavides e por Pascual de Gayangos respectivamente. Partindo do contexto da historiografía española do século XIX, no cal se consolidaron disciplinas como a historia e a historia da literatura, veremos o xeito no que o texto participa da construción da identidade nacional.No caso de Benavides, estudaremos como a súa comprensión do Libro de los estados como texto histórico e de don Juan Manuel como personaxe ilustre se insiren nun discurso conservador pro-monárquico. No que respecta a Gayangos veremos que reproduce unha consideración xeralizada do texto como un espello de príncipes e de don Juan Manuel como autor didáctico, desprovista de connotacións políticas.
Découverte d’un piège à poissons du Haut Moyen Âge dans un vallon sec affluent de l’estuaire de la Canche à Étaples « Opalopolis » (Pas-de-Calais)
Authors: Deschodt Laurent , Lecomte-Schmitt Blandine , Lorin Yann , Martial Emmanuelle
Published: July 2021

Un diagnostic archéologique a exploré, par sondages en puits à la pelle mécanique, le comblement supérieur de la partie aval d’un court vallon, aujourd’hui sec, affluent direct de rive droite de l’estuaire de la Canche. Dans un sondage, un dépôt marin a été observé sous une formation de versant weichselienne. Il pourrait s’agir d’un dépôt lié à un haut niveau marin pléistocène. À l’altitude de +2 m NGF IGN 69, un paléosol avec mobilier lithique est observé coiffant une séquence de dépôt d’estran. Le paléosol est érodé et recouvert par un nouveau dépôt marin sableux. Un second niveau pédogenisé est observé vers +3,5 / 4 m, associé à du matériel gallo-romain. Ce sol est traversé par des chenaux de marée. L’un d’eux a livré des blocs de craie et de silex, ainsi qu’une série de petits bois travaillés de section entière, en partie écorcés et organisés, majoritairement composée d’un taxon de Fabacée (probablement du genêt du teinturier) et datée du Haut Moyen Âge. La nature de l’ouvrage (vannerie), sa présence dans un chenal de marée, son association à un dépôt grossier exogène permettent de l’interpréter comme un piège à poissons associé à un petit barrage.
A time-dependent statistical evaluation of the ceramic manufacturing process based on the mineralogical chemical analysis
Authors: Emami Mohammadamin , Emami Seyedeh Noushin
Published: July 2021

The mineralogical adaptation in an inhomogeneous ancient ceramic matrix has an important function for their characterisation. In the current work, ceramic pieces from two workshops, Haft Tappeh and Chogha Zanbil were subjected to routine analysis. The aim of this study was to clustering the ceramics based on longitudinal statistical analysis and modelling to understand about the evaluation of manufacturing processes in an area through definite period of time. In order to characterise and classify non-homogenous ceramic matrices, the mineralogy and extent of recrystallization is often determined using a combination of analyses, most notably polarization microscopy, XRF and QXRD with Rietveld refining. Following analysis, a clustering model showing the variation in chemical and mineralogical composition of the ceramic pieces was created and a novel statistical modelling approach employed which compared the QXRD patterns to the cluster analyses. With these investigations it is possible to obtain a model of statistically measurements of essential issues in manufacturing processes based on the mineralogical- chemical characteristics. The data suggests that the varieties via developing the technology, obtain a quantitative modification of assortments over the time in definite groups of materials.
Legitimate and Illegitimate Reading
Authors: Hommel Élodie
Published: July 2021

The legitimacy of speculative fiction - a broad fiction category that includes science fiction and fantasy - varies according to the choice of texts. This article analyses what is at stake when reading literary genres with ambiguous legitimacy, by describing how this supposed illegitimate reading can be transformed into a social and cultural resource. After discussing the prejudices that science fiction and fantasy readers face, it shows how the genre’s internal legitimacy hierarchy allows for strategies of distinction amongst, not only individuals with a strong cultural capital, but others as well, through their choice of books and adopted reading methods.
L’orchestre à l’épreuve de l’indétermination
Authors: Canonne Clément , Robert Alexandre
Published: July 2021

Cet article analyse le travail de collaboration entre l’Orchestre des Nouvelles Créations, Expérimentations et Improvisations Musicales (ONCEIM) — un orchestre d’une trentaine de musicien‧ne‧s spécialisé‧e‧s dans l’improvisation — et le pianiste et improvisateur John Tilbury, le premier ayant passé au second la commande d’une pièce intitulée Sans. Ce processus de création musicale est singulier en ce que tou‧te‧s les participant‧e‧s doivent « composer » avec une forte incertitude quant à la nature du projet et, par-là, quant à la distribution des rôles et de l’autorité créatrice. Cette incertitude traverse toutes les dimensions du travail collectif précédant le concert et la « création » de Sans. Dans une première partie de l’article, nous mettons en évidence le fait que les indications préalables comme la posture de John Tilbury face à l’orchestre se caractérisent par une profonde ambivalence, oscillant entre deux conceptions régulatrices de l’activité musicale. Nous examinons ensuite les diverses « poussées prescriptives » de certains membres de l’ONCEIM visant à combler le « vide de pouvoir » laissé par John Tilbury. Enfin, dans ce cadre d’interaction largement indéterminé, nous montrons comment les instrumentistes opèrent leurs choix musicaux en fonction de critères tant déontiques qu’organisationnels.
Des concepts qui interrogent les didactiques des disciplines ?
Authors: Margolinas Claire
Published: July 2021

Résumé : Le terme de « didactique » réfère à de nombreux points de vue qui dépendent de l’histoire des communautés de recherches dans les différentes didactiques disciplinaires. La recherche en didactique des mathématiques française a produit des cadres théoriques dont certains concepts sont connus au-delà de ce champ. Dans ce texte, je me propose d’interroger des concepts issus de la théorie des situations qui ont moins diffusé jusque-là. Il s’agit ici des concepts de connaissance et de savoir en lien avec les processus de dévolution et d’institutionnalisation. Les questions étudiées dans cet article sont en particulier : Comment déterminer la situation investie par les élèves ou certains élèves et les connaissances correspondant à leurs procédures ? Y a t-il des savoirs associés à ces connaissances ? Si oui, dans quelles institutions ? Ces savoirs appartiennent-ils à des disciplines scolaires existantes ?
Conceptualiser les classes de mots variables
Authors: Beaumanoir-Secq Morgane
Published: July 2021

Résumé : S’inscrivant dans le champ des recherches concernant les représentations des élèves sur la langue, notre étude utilise le tri de mots à visée grammaticale afin de recueillir des données lors du suivi longitudinal d’une classe située en zone d’éducation prioritaire, sur une durée de deux années scolaires, en CE2 et CM1. Le traitement statistique des traces écrites a été construit sur la base d’une traduction scalaire des performances des élèves, ce qui permet de mettre à jour des tendances remarquables dans l’évolution de ces performances. Ainsi observe-t-on de réelles différences dans les modèles d’acquisition de chaque classe grammaticale variable. Notre travail nous a également amenée à reconsidérer la valeur de la terminologie grammaticale, parce qu’elle est utilisée en classe comme une interface de communication entre enseignant et apprenant, en même temps qu’elle constitue de fait un contenu non maitrisé par les élèves.
Configuration didactique, modèles disciplinaires en actes, conscience disciplinaire : validité et valeur euristique de trois concepts de la didactique du français langue première
Authors: Garcia-Debanc Claudine
Published: July 2021

La discipline scolaire « français » partage avec l’enseignement des langues la spécificité d’articuler des activités où la langue est mise en jeu (lecture, écriture, oral) et des activités qui prennent la langue comme objet d’étude (grammaire, orthographe, conjugaison, vocabulaire). Le concept de « configuration didactique » (Halté, 1992) permet de questionner les prescriptions de la discipline à enseigner. À l’autre bout de la chaine de transpositions didactiques, la « conscience disciplinaire » (Reuter, 2007) interroge la perception que les acteurs sociaux, principalement les élèves, se font de la discipline scolaire. Le concept de « modèles disciplinaires en actes » (Garcia-Debanc, 2007, 2019) vise à rendre compte de la sédimentation des cadres conceptuels et des configurations didactiques au sein de pratiques d’enseignement observées et des tensions qui peuvent être inférées à partir des écrits professionnels de préparation et, en classe, de la gestion d’imprévus. La présente contribution soumet à la discussion la pertinence de ces trois concepts en lien avec celui de transposition didactique et en éprouve la valeur euristique à travers l’analyse des discours et des écrits professionnels de deux professeurs des écoles stagiaires français enseignant au cycle 3 de l’école primaire et des représentations de leurs élèves.
Un modèle pour interpréter le travail du langage au sein des « communautés discursives disciplinaires scolaires »
Authors: Jaubert  Martine , Rebière Maryse
Published: July 2021

Cette contribution vise à « déplier » le concept didactique de communauté discursive disciplinaire scolaire, à l’articulation de la théorie historique et culturelle et de la psychologie des apprentissages, des travaux de sociologues, de la philosophie du langage et des sciences du langage, pour ébaucher une modélisation de l’enseignement / apprentissage du langage à l’école, susceptible d’orchestrer l’hétérogénéité des discours de la classe. Le concept de CDDS cristallise ce croisement en privilégiant les discours, leur ancrage social, la construction différenciée des objets et des sujets. Il attribue ainsi au langage à l’école un rôle central d’objet, d’outil, mais aussi de « fenêtre » pour observer les processus d’apprentissage via le travail de secondarisation des discours initié par l’enseignant·e. Cet article met à l’épreuve les notions brunériennes d’étayage et de scénario. Penser l’activité enseignante sous l’angle du scénario, organisateur des gestes professionnels langagiers didactiques, met en évidence la possibilité pour l’élève de s’approprier les rôles et les outils langagiers nécessaires à l’apprentissage des systèmes sémiotiques disciplinaires spécifiques. Le modèle en cours d’élaboration que nous proposons vise à clarifier le rôle du travail du langage dans la disciplinarisation de la communauté discursive scolaire.
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Sleep Quality in Medical Students and their Association with Smartphone and Internet Addiction
Authors: Sathe Harshal Shriram , Saraf Anantprakash Siddharthkumar , Talapalliwar Manoj , Patil Vrushti , Kumar Vinay , Karia Sagar
Published: July 2021

Background:

Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and poor sleep quality have shown to be associated with myriad of physical and psychological problems. Increasingly, excessive use of smartphones and Internet, leading to EDS and poor sleep quality, especially among students has become an area of concern. This study was undertaken to check for EDS and sleep quality in the medical undergraduates and its association with smartphone and Internet addiction, psychological distress, depression, and anxiety.

Materials and Methods:

This is a cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study done on MBBS students and interns. Semi-structured pro forma was used to collect sociodemographic data and students were asked to complete self-administered rating scales, namely, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Smartphone Addiction Scale-short version (SAS-SV), and Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT).

Results:

About 27.4% of students reported EDS and 44.4% fulfilled the criteria of poor sleeper on PSQI. About 56.5% of students reported psychological distress on K10. Almost half (45.3%) of the students reported addictive behavior toward their smartphones and one out of four students at risk of becoming Internet addicted. EDS was significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with PSQI, especially subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction component. EDS was also significantly associated (P < 0.05) with psychological distress. EDS was also significantly (P < 0.05) associated with SAS-SV and Young's IAT scores. Poor sleep quality was also significantly (P < 0.05) associated with psychological distress, anxiety, and depression.

Conclusion:

The impact of smartphone and Internet overuse on sleep quality as well as their association with EDS is significant. We need to be aware of these factors in order to improve the sleep quality of our students.
Plasmacytoma of the ovary
Authors: Elamouri Jamila , Shaffouh Adel , Torjman Fairouz
Published: July 2021

Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare plasma cell neoplasm that involves the ovary very rarely. Here, I report a case of primary ovarian plasmacytoma in a 42-year-old patient. The patient presented with abdominal distention, and workup showed a left ovarian mass (6.5 cm × 8 cm) with marked ascites. The patient had a hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Histopathologic, immunohistochemical, bone marrow examination, and other relevant examinations established the diagnosis of primary ovarian plasmacytoma with kappa light chain restriction. No evidence of malignancy in the omentum and ascitic fluid was detected. The patient did not need postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and 6-month follow-up was uneventful. Due to the scarcity of information on these extremely rare tumors with abdominal masses, the diagnosis should be considered if complete surgical resection is achieved and no evidence of multiple myeloma is found.
Vanillin extracted from proso and barnyard millets induces cell cycle inhibition and apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cell line
Authors: Ramadoss Deepa Priya , Sivalingam Nageswaran
Published: July 2021

Context:

Consuming whole grain food has been motivated due to numerous health benefits arising from their bioactive components.

Aims:

This study aims to study whether the active compound extracted from Proso and Barnyard millets inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptotic cell death in MCF-7 cell line.

Materials and Methods:

Cell proliferative effect was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay using MCF-7 cell line. Cytotoxicity was determined by release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme from cells. Apoptotic morphological changes in MCF-7 cells were observe under fluorescence microscope using double staining of Hoeschst 33342/propidium iodide (PI). Induction of apoptosis was analyzed using Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/PI through flow cytometry.

Results:

In this study, cell proliferative effect of the bioactive compounds from proso millet (Compound 1) and barnyard millet (Compound 2) was evaluated using MCF-7 cell line. Both the compounds significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells after treated with 250 μg/ml and 1000 μg/ml concentration for 48 h. Cytotoxic activity of compounds was assessed by the release of LDH showed that these extracted compounds were not toxic to the cells. Apoptosis was confirmed by Hoechst 33,342/PI dual-staining, Annexin V-FTIC/PI staining, and flow cytometry results of cell cycle analysis shows that there was a significant cell arrest in the G0/G1 phase and increased the apoptotic cells in sub-G0 phase in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

This study suggests that the extracted vanillin compound from these millets have effectively induced apoptotic cell death in breast cancer cell line.