bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Legal and Doctrinal Justification of the Request of the Soviet Society for Creation of a Unified Judicial Center, the Supreme Court of RSFSR
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Procedure Law of the Northwestern Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law), PhD (History), Filonova Olina I.
Published: July 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the relations connected with the establishment of the Supreme Court of the RSFSR in 1923. The approaches to the legislative consolidation and solution of practical issues of the organization of the Supreme Court of the RSFSR are being investigated, when with the end of the Civil war there was a request for a judicial system that would eliminate dualism associated with the existence of a system of revolutionary tribunals, ensure the rule of law and contribute to the protection of new social relations. It is concluded that the creation of the Supreme Court as the highest centralized judicial body with cassation, supervisory, control, and leadership functions, with activities for instructing courts and interpreting law, allowed the implementation of the principle of a single court, understood as the unity of the judicial system. The study shows that the highest party and Soviet authorities took part in solving organizational and personnel issues at the establishment of the Supreme Court of the RSFSR. The article analyzes issues related to determining the limits of independence of the Supreme Court of the RSFSR and its relations with other bodies. The Supreme Court of the RSFSR was the highest judicial link for courts of general jurisdiction and for special courts, creating conditions for ensuring the unity of judicial practice in the RSFSR.
The Category of Other Economic Activities: A View of a Legislator and a Law Enforcer
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Ural Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, PhD (Law), Lebedeva Ekaterina V.
Published: July 2023

The article analyzes the correlation of such categories as “economic activity”, “economic activity”, “professional activity”, “entrepreneurial activity”, “trading activity”. The study is built within the intersectoral aspect. The author emphasizes that currently there is no legal definition of some of the categories under consideration, which creates problems in law enforcement. As part of the study of the aspects under consideration, methods such as comparative legal and analysis are used. The concept of economic activity is revealed in the article through the interpretation of the category “economic entity”. The author adheres to the position that the correct qualification of the legal relationship (as arising from trade, entrepreneurial, economic or economic activity) generates the correct application of legal norms to the regulation of the specified social relationship.
Róża Luksemburg a rewolucja rosyjska
Authors: Ciołkosz Adam , Nowinowski Sławomir M. , Stobiecki Rafał
Published: July 2023

Książka jest reedycją tomu wydanego przez Adama Ciołkosza w paryskim Instytucie Literackim w 1961 r. Polemika polskiego socjalisty z polsko-niemiecką rewolucjonistką to fragment sporu toczonego w obrębie twórców myśli i ruchu socjalistycznego w XX wieku. Praca składa się z trzech części: komentarza A. Ciołkosza, tekstu R. Luksemburg, posłowia oraz wyboru uaktualnionej bibliografii.
Filozofia fizyki
Authors: Wallace Dawid
Published: July 2023

Filozofia fizyki zajmuje się najważniejszymi teoriami współczesnej fizyki – teorią kwantów, teoriami przestrzeni, czasu i symetrii oraz fizyką termiczną – i ich zadziwiającymi implikacjami pojęciowymi. Głębsze zrozumienie tych teorii pomaga nie tylko fizyce, wskazując drogę do nowych teorii i nowych zastosowań, lecz także filozofii, dostrzegając, jak zmienia się nasz światopogląd w świetle tego, czego uczymy się z fizyki.
Stanisław Brzozowski w kręgu „Kultury” paryskiej
Authors: Noga Monika Anna
Published: July 2023

Od przeszło stu lat liczni polscy intelektualiści (pisarze, krytycy, filozofowie i historycy, kulturo- i literaturoznawcy) odwołują się do młodopolskiego krytyka literackiego, filozofa kultury i pisarza Stanisława Brzozowskiego (1878-1911). Po II wojnie światowej wielu polskich intelektualistów na obczyźnie wybrało go za wzór sposobu patrzenia na świat, a zwłaszcza na Polskę. Na łamach paryskiej „Kultury” nazwisko Brzozowskiego pojawiło się już w pierwszym numerze pisma. Pojawiło się także w ostatnim 637 numerze. To dość symboliczne. Można powiedzieć, że ramy rozpoczęcia i zakończenia działalności pisma to również ramy obecności w nim Brzozowskiego. A obecność ta była intensywna. W roku 1948, w numerze piątym „Kultury”, opublikowane zostały fragmenty „Pamiętnika” Brzozowskiego i niemal w każdym kolejnym roku, z wyjątkiem lat 1955, 1957, 1990, w „Kulturze” publikowane były teksty, w których pojawiał się lub przynajmniej był wspomniany autor „Idei”. Biorąc pod uwagę tę regularną obecność Brzozowskiego w istniejącej przeszło pół wieku „Kulturze”, nie sposób oceniać działalności skupionych wokół niej ludzi, określanych dalej w tej pracy mianem ‘kręgu „Kultury” paryskiej’, bez zbadania wpływu, jaki wywarł na nich Brzozowski. W czym tkwiła specyficzna siła przyciągania postaci i myśli Brzozowskiego dla tego kręgu „Kultury”? Nadal rośnie liczba opracowań dotyczących „Kultury”. Niemniej jednak dotychczas nie powstała praca na temat recepcji Brzozowskiego w kręgu „Kultury” paryskiej. Wyzwanie to podejmuje ta książka, która bada szczególne zainteresowanie niektórych najważniejszych postaci z kręgu „Kultury” osobą i twórczością Brzozowskiego takich, jak: Jerzy Giedroyc (1906-2000), Józef Czapski (1896-1993), Gustaw Herling-Grudziński (1919-2000) i Czesław Miłosz (1911-2004).
New Algorithms for Estimating the Value of the Certified Characteristic of Reference Materials of Substances and Materials by the Method of Interlaboratory Certification
Authors: Aronov P. M. , Sobina E. P. , Migal P. V. , Kremleva O. N. , Studenok V. V. , Firsanov V. A. , Medvedevskikh S.  V.
Published: July 2023

In this work, algorithms for the characterization of reference materials are developed based on the data model of an interlaboratory experiment containing hidden uncertainties. These algorithms make it possible to evaluate hidden uncertainties, and, taking into account these estimates, adjust the data and obtain an agreed value of the certified characteristics. The Monte Carlo method was used to study the properties of estimates of hidden uncertainties, as well as the study of new algorithms in comparison with traditional ones.
Lorenzo oil: a panacea, palliative care, or marketing. Opinion of a neonatologist, pediatrician, and nutritionist
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Ivanov D.О. , Petrenko Yu.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zavyalova A.N. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

The spectrum of neonatal diagnostic methods for severe hereditary disorders has been expanding since December 31, 2022. In most cases, causal therapy, including diet therapy, can prevent early death and disability in children. X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is an inherited disorder of peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation characterized by accumulation of very long-chain saturated fatty acids. There are three clinical forms of this disease. The first one is infantile cerebral form accounting for 48% of all cases. Its onset is usually observed at the age of 2.5–10 years after normal development of a child, manifesting with progressive decortication. The second form is adrenomyelopathy (25% of cases) which starts with adrenal insufficiency at the age of 12–55 years, followed by neurological symptoms. The adult form (3% of cases) manifests after the age of 30 years and combines clinical phenotypes resembling schizophrenia with dementia. A low-fat diet with Lorenzo oil is believed to be effective, because it normalizes plasma levels of C24:0 and C26:0 in X-ALD patients; however, it does not prevent or alleviate neurological symptoms if they have already developed. Diet therapy increases plasma levels of C22:1 and C24:1 fatty acids, although their effect on X-ALD is yet to be elucidated. This review describes the mechanism of Lorenzo oil action, its side effects, case series, and analysis of dietary correction in various groups of patients. A modified diet with dietary fats replaced by Lorenzo oil is effective only in people with asymptomatic X-ALD, as a preventive measure for asymptomatic boys at risk of developing the cerebral form. Lorenzo oil is capable of alleviating and preventing ALD progression in patients without brain lesions. However, in symptomatic patients, the restriction of dietary fats and their replacement by Lorenzo oil is associated with a high risk of life-threatening complications. In this case, nutrition should meet special requirements of a patient, for example, the ability to chew and swallow, while the therapy should be primarily substitutive and symptomatic. Key words: adrenoleukodystrophy, diet therapy, Lorenzo oil
Infant mortality in the Moscow Region: analysis of the overall situation, main trends, and prospects for reduction
Authors:   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Odinaeva N.D. , Zakharova N.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Serova O.F. ,   Moscow Regional Perinatal Center, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Balashikha, Russian Federation, Petrova A.S. ,   Moscow Regional Perinatal Center, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Balashikha, Russian Federation, Malyutina L.V. ,   Shchelkovsky Perinatal Center, Shchelkovo, Russian Federation, Krikunova V.L. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation, Brezhneva E.V. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2023

The analytic data on monitoring infant mortality in the Moscow region and an analysis of its causes in 2019, 2020 and 2021 are presented on the article. The early neonatal period accounts for 25–29% of all infant deaths. The late neonatal period accounts for 22–26%. At the age of 1 month to a year are 50% of all infant deaths. No trend was found in changing the age structure within 3 years. There is a decrease in infant mortality by 16.4% in 2021 compared to 2019. The causes of death of children are estimated, among which certain conditions that occur in the perinatal period are in the lead. The steady decline in infant mortality, including in the most significant group of newborns, is due to the development of the neonatological service in the Moscow region within the framework of a three-level system for organizing medical care for women and children. Newly opened perinatal centers had an impact on the reduction of neonatal mortality in the Moscow region. Key words: neonatology, perinatology, infant mortality, post-neonatal period
Improving the efficiency and security of passport control processes at airports by using the R-CNN object detection model
Authors: Ouassam Elhoucine , Dabachine Yassine , Hmina Nabil , Bouikhalene Belaid
Published: July 2023

يمكن أن يؤدي استخدام التعلم الآلي في الوقت الفعلي لتحسين إجراءات مراقبة جوازات السفر في المطار إلى تحسين كفاءة العملية وأمانها بشكل كبير. لأتمتة هذه الإجراءات وتحسينها ، يمكن تنفيذ خوارزميات الذكاء الاصطناعي مثل التعرف على الأحرف والتعرف على الوجه والخوارزميات التنبؤية والمعالجة التلقائية للبيانات. تتمثل الطريقة المقترحة في استخدام نموذج R-CNN للكشف عن الأشياء لاكتشاف أجسام جواز السفر في الصور في الوقت الفعلي التي تم جمعها بواسطة كاميرات مراقبة الجوازات. تصف هذه المقالة العملية خطوة بخطوة للنهج المقترح ، والتي تشمل المعالجة المسبقة والتدريب واختبار نموذج R-CNN ودمجه في نظام مراقبة جوازات السفر وتقييم دقته وموثوقيته وسرعة الإدارة الفعالة لـتدفقات الركاب في المطارات الدولية. وقد أظهر تطبيق هذه الطريقة أداءً فائقًا مقارنة بالطرق السابقة من حيث تقليل الأخطاء والتأخيرات والتكاليف المرتبطة بها.
Phylogenetic and Pathogenicity Comparison of Three H5N6 Avian Influenza Viruses in Chickens, Ducks and Mice
Authors: Zhang rui , chen Zhen , Liu Rong chang , Fu Guang hua , Liu Bin qiong , Shi Shao hua , Cai Guo zhang , Huang Yu , Liao Ming
Published: July 2023

Background
H5N6 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) continues to erupt in poultry, and it also threatens human public health safety. The goal is to clarify the evolutionary characteristics of the 3 strains of H5N6 subtype AIV and the variation of special amino acid sites, and to clarify the pathogenic characteristics of the virus to chickens, ducks and mice.3 strains of H5N6 subtype AIV named as A/ Environment/ Fujian/ ENIVER109/ 2020 (H5N6) , A/ Duck/ Fujian/ DK039/ 2020 (H5N6) , A/ Duck/ Fujian/ DK153/ 2020 (H5N6) . The genetic evolution and variation of the 3 viruses were analyzed by whole genome sequencing. Chickens, ducks and mice were infected with 3 strains of viruses through the nasal cavity, and the pathogenic ability and pathogenic characteristics of the viruses to different animals were observed.
Results
​The HA genes of all three viruses are in the 2.3.4.4h clade. The ancestor of the DK039 strain may have been different from the other two viruses. Mutations with cross-species transmission and enhanced pathogenicity were found in all three viruses. Infected chickens, ducks and mice showed differences in body weight, clinical signs, apparent and microscopic lesions in organs, and viral titers in organs.
Conclusions
​The isolated H5N6 subtype AIV has many mutations associated with pathogenicity and cross-host transmission, and the pathogenicity of the virus varies from animal to animal.
Bone Mineral Density is positively associated with risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus:a cross-sectional study of the NHANES 2005-2010,2013-2014
Authors: wang baolong , Xu Dongshuo , Zhang Jialu , cao Shiyu , Ye Jingya , Yu Zhuo , wang changhui
Published: July 2023

Background
With aging and lifestyle changes, the coexistence of osteoporosis and T2DM is becoming more and more common, which greatly improves the disability and mortality of patients.However, the associations of reduced BMD value with CVD and all-cause mortality in patients with T2DM have not been conclusively established.
Methods
Using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative sample of the U.S. population,we aim to estimate the association of bone mineral density with the risk of CVD mortality and all-cause mortality in US adults with T2DM.
Results
We demonstrated that increased bone mineral density was significantly positively related to decreased mortality from all causes and cardiovascular diseases among US adults with T2DM.Meanwhile,we found that, after multivariate adjustment, osteoporosis and osteopenia were independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in T2DM patients at long-term follow-up.In terms of CVD mortality,stratified analyses suggested that these associations were stronger in participants who had a wider waist and higher total triglyceride,and the relationships in other stratified were mostly consistent with the total T2DM patients.In addition,a variety of sensitivity analyses indicated the robustness of our findings.
Conclusions
T2DM patients with low BMD value should be aware of the potential risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality, and carry out secondary prevention of osteoporosis and osteopenia as early as possible.
Assessing the Impact of a Student-Led Public Health Campaign on HIV Knowledge and Awareness: A Case Series Study
Authors: Rocha Paula , Freitas Giulia C. , Bueno Rafaela M.
Published: July 2023

Background:
The global effort to end AIDS as a public health threat by 2030 has prompted various initiatives. A student-led public health campaign was conducted by Brazilian medical students from Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUC Campinas) in 2015, 2018, and 2023. The campaign inspired local leadership, innovation, and partnership in the fight against HIV/AIDS. This study evaluates the impact of the campaign on raising awareness about HIV/AIDS and assesses its effectiveness as a model for similar initiatives worldwide.
Methods:
The campaign was organized by medical students from PUC Campinas who were members of the International Federation of Medical Students Associations (IFMSA). It was developed iteratively over the years, with data collection and evaluation informing subsequent program modifications. The students received specialized training on HIV/AIDS prior to distributing relevant educational materials. On the final day of the campaign, students wore red ribbons or shirts and engaged in conversations with individuals in public settings such as parks, bus stations, and malls. Participants in the conversations were ultimately provided information on HIV/AIDS prevention, disease, and treatment, and their knowledge was assessed through pre- and post-campaign questionnaires.
Results:
Among the 3150 individuals approached during the campaigns, 78% had limited knowledge about HIV testing and AIDS symptoms. Following the campaign, 88% of participants considered their knowledge about rapid tests and AIDS symptoms to be satisfactory. These findings demonstrate the campaign's positive impact on improving awareness and understanding among participants.
Conclusion:
This study highlights the impact of a student-led public health campaign on HIV knowledge and awareness. The campaign effectively addressed the lack of information among both students and participants, resulting in improved knowledge about topics including rapid tests and AIDS symptoms. These findings underscore the importance of educational initiatives in healthcare training and provide insights for future curriculum development to enhance public health awareness and education.
Comprehensive analysis of 2097 Patients with Dystrophinopathy Based on a Database From 2011 to 2021
Authors: Zhao Lei , Shi Yiyun , Hu Chaoping , Zhou Shuizhen , Li Hui , Zhang Lifeng , Qian Chuang , Zhou Yiyao , Li Xihua
Published: July 2023

Background
A growing number of clinical trials for new therapeutic strategies are being conducted or considered for dystrophinopathy. Detailed data on natural history will facilitate the evaluation of the effectiveness of new drugs for this rare disease. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of data regarding the long-term natural history and associated management in China. Here, we provide a comprehensive description of associated clinical and molecular findings and treatment outcomes in the Chinese population.
Methods
Institutional data on all patients with dystrophinopathy from August 2011 to August 2021 were reviewed retrospectively. The data included geographic distribution, age at diagnosis, genetic analysis, and treatment such as corticosteroids, cardiac interventions, and clinical outcomes.
Results
In total, 2097 patients with dystrophinopathy, including 1703 Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), 311 Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), 46 intermediate muscular dystrophy (IMD), and 37 “pending” (individuals with an undetermined phenotype) were registered in the Children’s Hospital of Fudan University database for dystrophinopathy from August 2011 to August 2021. The spectrum of identified mutations included exon deletions (66.7%), exon duplications (10.7%), nonsense mutations (10.3%), splice-site mutations (4.5%), small deletions (3.5%), small insertions (1.8%), and missense mutations (0.9%). Two deep intronic mutations were identified. Regarding treatment, 54.4% of DMD patients and 39.1% of IMD patients were treated with glucocorticoids. The median age at loss of ambulation was 2.5 years later in DMD patients with glucocorticoid treatment. Overall, 7.4% of DMD, 8.3% of IMD, and 2.6% of BMD patients were prescribed one cardiac medicine at least, and four DMD patients were under ventilator support. Those eligible for exon skipping therapy included 55.3% of DMD patients; among them, 12.9%, 10%, and 9.6% of these patients were eligible for skipping exons 51, 53, and 45.
Conclusions
This is one of the largest studies to have evaluated the natural history of dystrophinopathy in China, which is particularly conducive to recruiting eligible patients for clinical trials and providing real-world data to support drug development.
Dietary composition plays a crucial role in the development of myopia through the inflammatory pathway: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Deng Jie , Qin YuHui , Li JianWei , Luo ZhiQiang , Wang XiaoYi
Published: July 2023

Background: Myopia is a major cause of global visual impairment, posing significant public health concerns, impacting daily lives, and leading to severe complications. Dietary factors may influence myopia development, while inflammation plays a role in various diseases and may contribute to myopia occurrence. This study aimed to investigate the impact of carbohydrate, protein, fat, and sugar intake on myopia using MR analysis. Additionally, we explored inflammation's potential role as a mediator. By elucidating partial mechanisms of myopia and providing innovative prevention strategies, we aim to alleviate the global burden of myopia on public health.
Methods: We performed mediation MR analyses using large-scale GWAS data from the SSGAC database for four dietary components (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, sugars) of European ancestry, as well as inflammation-related factors (adiponectin, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factors, interleukins, nuclear factor-kappa B subunit gamma inhibitor) of European ancestry from the IEU database, and large-scale GWAS data for myopia of European ancestry from the IEU database. Additionally, we conducted bidirectional two-sample MR analyses among selected inflammation-related factors to explore their interrelationships. The inverse-variance weighted method was used as the primary analysis approach, supplemented by comprehensive sensitivity analyses.
Results: Inverse-variance weighted models showed positive associations between protein and fat intake and myopia risk. Carbohydrate and sugar intake had no significant association with myopia risk. Adiponectin was negatively correlated, while C-reactive protein and interleukin-18 were positively associated with myopia risk. No significant correlations were found for other inflammation-related factors. Protein intake correlated positively with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and negatively with tumor necrosis factor-beta. Fat intake correlated positively with adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and negatively with interleukin-27. No significant associations were observed for protein and fat intake with other inflammation-related factors. No significant associations were found between pairs of inflammation-related factors.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a high-fat and high-protein diet may increase myopia risk. Inflammation likely contributes to myopia, but underlying mechanisms are unclear. Excessive protein and fat intake may worsen inflammation. These findings emphasize the importance of dietary modifications and inflammation control for myopia prevention. Further research is needed to understand specific mechanisms and develop targeted dietary interventions.
Technology-based Physical Activities and Adults’ physical activities levels, mental health, and Life satisfaction and Happiness: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Wu Cuicui , Lu Lu
Published: July 2023

Background: This mixed-methods study aimed to explore the effectiveness of a technology-based physical activity intervention in promoting physical activity and improving mental health, life satisfaction and happiness among adults in Guizhou province, China. Literature review has indicated the potential of technology-based interventions in this area; however, the number of the studies on this area is scanty.
Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess the effect of a technology-based physical activity intervention on promoting physical activity and improving mental health, life satisfaction, and happiness among adults. Specifically, the study aimed to compare an experimental group receiving the intervention with a control group that received no intervention. It also aimed at exploring male and female adults’ perceptions of motivations for and barriers to using technology in physical activities.
Methodology: The research employed a mixed-methods design, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative components. The quantitative aspect involved a pretest-posttest randomized controlled trial (RCT), while the qualitative component utilized semi-structured interviews. Participants were randomly selected from a population of adults aged 18 years and older using a stratified random sampling technique. Quantitative data on physical activity levels, happiness, and mental health outcomes were collected through surveys administered at both the onset and the end of a 12-week intervention period. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured interviews to gain insights into participants' perceptions of technology-based physical activities.
Findings: The findings revealed that the technology-based physical activity intervention was effective in promoting physical activity and improving mental health, life satisfaction and happiness among the experimental group. The qualitative analysis using thematic analysis provided additional insights into participants' views on technology-based physical activities as facilitators or barriers to physical activity and mental health outcomes.
Conclusions: Based on the findings, this study concludes that the technology-based physical activity intervention had a positive impact on physical activity levels and mental health, life satisfaction, and happiness of the adults.
Implications: The findings of this study have important implications for the development of future physical activity interventions and mental health programs. They provide evidence for the effectiveness of technology-based interventions in promoting physical activity and improving mental health outcomes among adults. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects, sustainability, and specific mechanisms underlying the impact of these interventions. Understanding these factors will help in developing targeted and effective interventions to promote physical activity and enhance mental well-being in the future.
Target Identification Based on Intensity, Texture, and Sparse Dictionary
Authors: Azizi Mahboobe , Mohanna Farahnaz , Ahsani Mohammad Javad
Published: July 2023

It is very difficult to inspect by human at large borders and in difficult border crossings. Despite much research into the target identification, there are still challenges that make target identification difficult in the borders. Because in the borders, there is more similarity between the target and the background, and usually equipment in the borders uses maximum camouflage. This paper attempts to create an intelligent target identification software for the remote control system to identify targets based on the intensity, texture, and sparse dictionary. The input image is divided into the super-pixels by using the simple linear iterative clustering algorithm. To obtain sufficient information, the standard intensity features and Gabor texture are extracted from each super-pixel in the frequency domain. To identify the targets, several background sparse dictionaries are created. The super-pixels and the fuzzy C-means clustering are used to construct the initial dictionary. By assigning the super-pixels with the sparser representation in a dictionary, a new class is created for each dictionary. Then, these classes are used to update dictionaries. The targets are identified based on the combination of coding errors and representation coefficients. The simulation results are obtained on a database prepared by the authors. The simulation results are evaluated using Dice, specificity, sensitivity and accuracy criteria. According to the criteria, the proposed method has more successful performance than the traditional sparse representation classification method. The final performance of the proposed method is 96.8%.
Prognostic and therpeutic potential of PD-1 expression imbalance between CD8+T and regulatory T cells in advanced hepatitis B virus‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yan Fengna , Zhu Bingbing , Shi Ke , Zhang Yi , Bi Yufei , Zeng Xuanwei , Zhang Qun , Yang Zhiyun , Wang Xianbo
Published: July 2023

Background: Over 50% of patients with Hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) are diagnosed at an advanced stage, which poses challenges due to limited treatment options. Immunosuppressive microenvironment marked by T cell exhaustion accelerates tumor progression. The imbalance of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression in CD8+T and regulatory T (Treg) cells is an important feature of tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment.
Methods: Peripheral blood monocyte (PBMC) was isolated from decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis (HBV-LC) patients (n=30) and advanced HBV-HCC patients (n=110). The ratio of CD8+/Treg+PD-1 was monitored, and the changes in surface molecular expression and effector capacity of CD8+T cell were assessed using flow cytometry in groups categorized by this ratio.
Results: Our findings indicated that the ratio of PD-1 on CD8+ and Treg cells in advanced HBV-HCC patients could predict the clinical prognosis and contribute to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In comparison to HBV-LC patients, there was a significant reduction in the proportion of CD8+/Treg+PD-1. Additionally, patients with a higher ratio exhibited a more favorable prognosis. Meanwhile, they exhibited an increased proportion of CD8+ T cells and a decreased proportion of Treg cells. CD8+ T cell activation and differentiation levels were decreased, along with decreased expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3). Conversely, granzyme B and Ki67 expression exhibited significantly higher levels than the low ratio. Interestingly, patients with a higher proportion of tissue-resident memory T-cells (TRM) (CD69+ or CD69+CD103+) cells in ICI treatment exhibited a more stable killing capacity and lower apoptosis capacity.
Conclusions: The ratio of CD8+/Treg+PD-1 is associated with accelerated disease progression and unfavorable outcomes in advanced HBV-HCC. These findings provide significant clinical implications for the prognosis of advanced HBV-HCC and may serve as a theoretical basis for identifying new targets in immunotherapy.
Efficacy of growth regulators in a lodging-sensitive wheat cultivar: grain yield, crop economic profitability and flour industrial quality
Authors: Cigel Camila , Souza Clovis Arruda , Buba Gesieli Priscila , Drösemeyer Guilherme Kender , Oliveira Lucas Grillo
Published: July 2023

Growth regulators in annual crops such as wheat are being used for reducing plant lodging. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effects of applying different growth regulators on grain yield, industrial quality of flour, and the economic viability of a lodging-sensitive wheat cultivar, namely TBIO-Pioneiro. The RDB experimental design consisted of five treatments and nine replicates. The treatments used the following regulators: trinexapac-ethyl (T1), ethephon (T2), prohexadione calcium (T3), chlormequat chloride (T4) and a control (untreated) (T5). The rates were determined according to the manufacturer’s recommendations for other crops. Plant height was reduced with application of regulators, for example, trinexapac (93.1 cm), and control (100.7 cm). This same growth regulator tested increased TGW (36.2 g) over the control (33.6 g) making plant lodging lowest (from 34%-control to about 10%-treated). Grain yields with application of growth regulators were higher than control (3.1 t ha-1), ranging from 148.9 to 158.9% (means regulator-treated of 4.8 t ha-1). Regarding grain alveograph indices, there was an increase in gluten strength (W) with the use of ethephon (309 10-4J), prohexadione (309.3 10-4J), and chlormequat (309 10-4J), compared with control (240.3 10-4J). The economic return on investment was higher than the control, of up to 35.7%. It is concluded that application of prohexadione, ethephon and chlormequat changes the gluten strength of wheat grains and that the growth regulators tested are efficient in controlling lodging, reducing plant height and increasing grain yields, thus providing productive stability and higher financial returns in wheat cropping.
Natural ventilation and sucrose concentrations in the in vitro culture system affect the acclimatization of "Pérola" pineapple plants under different substrates
Authors: Pires Hidelbrando Pimenta , Felipe Sérgio Heitor Sousa , Pinheiro Marcos Vinícius Marques , Alves Juliana de Paula , Alves Givago Lopes , Catunda Paulo Henrique Aragão , Figueiredo Fábio Afonso Mazzei Moura de Assis , Reis Fabrício de Oliveira , Ferraz Tiago Massi , Corrêa Thais Roseli
Published: July 2023

Plant tissue cultures represent a powerful set of tools that can be used in the production of pineapple seedlings. However, few studies have assessed the morphophysiological performance during the ex vitro acclimatization stage. Here, we evaluated the effect of different in vitro cultivation systems with sucrose reduction and types of flask sealing (without or with natural ventilation), as well as contrasting substrates on the growth and development of pineapple plants (Ananas comosus cv. Pérola) during ex vitro acclimatization. A randomized design in a 3 × 2 factorial was used with three in vitro cultivation systems [photomixotrophic (PM) + 30 g L-1 sucrose; photomixotrophic with natural ventilation (PNV) + 10 g L-1 sucrose; and PNV + 30 g L-1 sucrose)] and two ex vitro substrates (non-commercial and commercial). Our results showed that the commercial ex vitro substrate increased the height, stem diameter, and dry mass of aerial parts of plants by 25%, 14%, and 40%, respectively. Plants in PNV + 10 g L-1 sucrose and PNV + 30 g L-1 sucrose culture systems displayed reductions of 31% and 44% in respiratory rate, respectively. Notably, plants in a PNV + 10 g L-1 sucrose culture system displayed significant reductions of 36% and 41% for stomatal conductance to water vapor and transpiration rate, respectively. Thus, "Pérola" pineapple plants grown in a PNV + 10 g L-1 sucrose culture system using a commercial substrate exhibited improved gas exchange, with greater plant growth and development during acclimatization
Activity of Nerium oleander leaf extract on the larvae of Crocidolomia binotalis Zell.
Authors: Toana Moh. Hibban , Nasir Burhanuddin Haji , Balosi Fitriah , Anugrah Reza
Published: July 2023

The active compound of Nerium oleander L. leaf extract is toxic to insect larvae. It is used to control pests but information on the activity of N. oleander leaf extract was not yet known in detail. This research aimed to determine mortality, lethal concentration (LC50), feeding inhibition, larval and pupal fitness weights and imago morphological perfection of Crocidolomia binotalis Zell. The research was done at the Laboratory of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University from May 2021 to October 2021. This research used a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications. Each treatment used 20 tails sample of third instar C. binotalis larvae from East Lore Sub-district, Poso Regency. Concentrations for the treatment of N. oleander leaf extract were as follows: P0 = 0%, P1 = 1.25%, P2 = 2.5%, P3 = 5%, and P4 = 10%. The results show that the concentrations of N. oleander leaf extract that were effective in causing mortality of C. binotalis larvae, were from 1.25% to 2.5%. The LC50 concentration of N. oleander leaf extract, which killed 50% of C. binotalis larvae, was 1.915% (0.01915ml/ml), with a minimum concentration of 1.425% (0.01425ml/ml) and a maximum concentration of 2.375% (0.02375ml/ml). The higher the concentration of N. oleander leaf extract, the higher the feeding inhibition, causing the decrease in the feeding of C. binotalis larvae. In addition, the fitness weights of C. binotalis larvae and pupae also decreased, so that fewer larvae developed into imago (adult individuals). A 10% concentration of N. oleander leaf extract caused abnormal (rudimentary) morphological forms of C. binotalis imago.
Factors influencing success of the cocoa (Theobroma cacao) product certification program in tropical areas
Authors: Antara Made , Lamusa Arifuddin , Effendy Effendy , Muhardi Muhardi , Pagalla Andarias
Published: July 2023

Cocoa is one of the leading national commodities after rubber, palm oil, coffee, and tea. Cocoa has a significant impact on the economy in Central Sulawesi, especially in terms of creating new jobs and sources of income for farmers. The decline in cocoa productivity and quality will affect farmers' income in rural areas. In recent years, several cocoa industry and cocoa trading companies such as Mars Inc., Mondelez International, Cargill, Barry Callebout, and JB Cocoa have begun to focus on developing product certification programs for selling by allocating several CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) funds to conduct training and technical assistance in cultivation (pruning, fertilizing, frequent harvesting and sanitation) for cocoa. Therefore, several socializing requirements or compliance standards must be met by farmers who are members of the certification program, namely the CoC (Code of Conduct) established by certification bodies such as UTZ. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the success of the cocoa certification program in Central Sulawesi. 80 families were chosen as number of samples. A logistic regression model was used to answer the research objectives. The results showed that the land area, farmer's age, level/year of farmer's education had very small influence on the success of the certification program in Central Sulawesi. The linkage of debt with traders considerably influences the success of product certification programs. Cocoa production, income factors, traders' domicile, and merchant service patterns have a significant influence on the success of the certification program
Spatial variability of wheat yield using the gaussian spatial linear model
Authors: Opazo Miguel Angel Uribe- , Dalposso Gustavo Henrique , Galea Manuel , Johann Jerry Adriani , Bastiani Fernanda De , Moyano Emma Norma Cambillo , Grzegozewski Denise  Maria
Published: July 2023

Wheat production has grown over the years and is one of the most important grain food sources for humans. This work analyzed the yield of two varieties of wheat planted in a regular sampling grid in an experimental area in the south of Brazil, using some explanatory variables. For the study of the spatial variability of wheat yield of the COODETEC 101 (CD101) and COODETEC 103 (CD103) varieties, which were cultivated by the farmer in an area of 22.62 ha, 84 samples were defined considering a regular grid of 50 x 50 m. In the sampled sites, the following explanatory variables were collected: average plant height in 60 days - avheight 60 (cm), the average number of tillers in 60 days - avtillers60 (cm), spike length in 120 days - splength (cm) and the wheat variety considered as a dummy variable (CD101 = 0 and CD103= 1). The wheat yield was analyzed using gaussian spatial linear models with different geostatistical models for the parametric form of the variance-covariance matrix. The significance of the parameters to select the explanatory variables were determined by the likelihood ratio test, and also a hypothesis test was presented to confirm that a model that deal with the spatial dependence was required by the data. To assess the global and local influence of some observations, diagnostics techniques based on Cook’s approach were considered.
The disregard of potentially influential observations caused changes in the parameters estimates that define the spatial dependence structure, and consequently then in the profitability in sectors of the wheat yield maps. The study of statistical inference and diagnostics on spatial data should be part of all geostatistical analysis
A new soil-plant image segmentation approach using K-means applied to experimental plots
Authors: Barbosa Danilo Pereira , Oliveira Cristiano Ferreira , Peternelli Luiz Alexandre
Published: July 2023

The image segmentation procedure is fundamental in the phenotyping of plant images. Supervised algorithms have been used for pixel soil plant segmentation. Recent research has used the K-means algorithm to evaluate the segmentation of agronomic images in different crops with different databases. The algorithm has shown good performance in the pixel clustering process despite not being able to classify them directly. The present research intends to propose the use of the K-means algorithm in image segmentation and pixel classification in sugarcane images. 37,430-pixel samples referring to soil and vegetation were manually extracted from some images. This information was used to train and evaluate supervised models. The model with the best performance was considered the "standard" model. A rule that can serve as empirical support to interpret the clusters formed by K-means by assigning a label to each pixel was proposed. Then K-means was used to segment all images and classify the pixels. The vegetation index was used as features and the standard model classification was used as a true label. The measures recall, F1Score, precision, and accuracy were used as a performance measure of K-means, and the mask of each produced to compare the final result of the two approaches, highlighting the vegetation. Using K-means provided better-defined edges than Logistic Regression (standard model) and considerably distinguished the occurrence of soil between the leaves, with precision ranging from 0.77 to 0.92. These results expressed the importance of vegetation index to the clusterization process and showed that K-means ally to an interpretation clusters rule, which could be used to classify pixels in images.
An Improved Hunger Games Search Algorithm-based Multi-peak MPPT
Control for PV System under Partial Shading
Authors: Yi Lingzhi , Ma Hao , Wang Yahui , Liu Jiangyong , Shi Hao , Cheng Siyue
Published: July 2023

Background:

In photovoltaic power generation systems, partial shading may cause the PV
array to mismatch, thus leading to multi-peak output characteristics, which makes the conventional
Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm easily fall into local extremes and cause power
loss.

Objective:

The study aimed to accurately and quickly track the maximum power point of PV arrays in
partial shading through swarm intelligence algorithms.

Methods:

Based on the above, a MPPT control algorithm based on Chaos Adaptive Hunger Games
Search with Dynamic Lévy Mutation Strategy (CAHGSL) is proposed in this paper. By introducing an
improved logistics chaos map initialization population, a nonlinear adaptive convergence factor and a
dynamic Lévy mutation strategy enhance their ability to jump out of local extremes during multi-peak
MPPT and improve their tracking speed and efficiency.

Results:

Under the three working conditions, the tracking efficiency of the MPPT algorithm proposed in
this paper has been achieved by more than 99.5% in an average time of 0.152s, which is higher tracking
efficiency compared to the PO, PSO, and HGS algorithms.

Conclusion:

The results show that the MPPT algorithm proposed in this paper can balance the tracking
speed and efficiency with less power oscillation during the tracking process, and can ensure stable output
after convergence. The method proposed in this paper is helpful to improve the output power of PV
arrays under partial shading.
Post pandemic psychic consequences and the use of antidepressants
Authors: Silva lbenir , Cantão Andréa Valeriano , Moreira Arthur , Pires Beatriz de Jesus , Marinho Darliany Neves Farias , Santos Guilherme Freire , Andrade Joelma Passos de Souza , Silva Luana Rodrigues da , Sant’Ana Maria Guiomar Jahel
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought a new reality to humanity, lasting per very time It is taunting O collapse us services public in health. Due to prolonged social isolation, many individuals began to present physical, psychological and cognitive problems. Furthermore, it negatively affected individuals with pre-existing mental disorders of depression and anxiety. A depression It is one of the bigger damage The health mental existing at the world, being O third bigger involvement worthy in remoteness to the work. Like this, such as: functional, social, intellectual and financial harm. Its main sign is the result of: increasing loneliness, withdrawal from people or social group, anger, feelings negatives It is insecurity how much to the future. At society contemporary, fluid and complex in which we live, it is notorious that there has been an increase in the number of mental pathologies in the population. Those that, are prevalently high, have worsened with The pandemic, represent one serious problem for The population. O The use of medications is fundamental in the treatment, but they can expose users to adverse events and important drug interactions, thus, the objective of this study is to identify the increasing rates of depression and anxiety during the pandemic It is, O use inappropriate in possible substances as solution It is improvement of quality of life. It is an integrative review, with more recent studies with a similar theme on the networks: Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Google Scholar.
The Development of Group Counseling Program to Improve Career Maturity of Gifted Students in Elementary School
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Yu Hyeong-keun
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study was to construct and implement a program utilizing in group counseling for gifted students in the elementary school and assess and validate its effect on their career maturity. Main objectives are as follows : developing an effective way to construct the program for gifted students in the elementary school to participate in group counseling; validating its effect on the career maturity.
This program is based on Counseling Program Development Model by Park In-woo(1995). The program consist of twelve sessions including career maturity improvement activities.
Twenty-four students were randomly assigned into an experimental group and a control group consisting of twelve students each. The test tool was ‘Holland Career Development Inventory’ of An Chang-gyu(2003). For data processing, ‘Mixed ANOVA’ from SPSS/Window 10 was used to analyze statistical results.
The results showed that the scores of career maturity were increased significantly in the experimental group comparing with the control group. The implication of this research is that it provided a new group counseling program which is suitable for the career characteristics of gifted elementary school students, and that it offered the basic information for their career guidance.