bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advantages and Limitations of Point Shear Wave Elastography and 2-Dimensional Shear Wave Elastography against PercutaneousLiver Biopsy for Assessing Focal Liver Lesions
Authors: Nacheva-Georgieva Emiliya Lyubomirova , Georgiev Zhivko Georgiev
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound based noninvasive techniques for the evaluation of tissue elasticity are becoming popular in practice. An accurate diagnosis of focal liver lesions (FLLs) is very important and essential for the adequate treatment and management of different conditions.
AIM: The study aims to evaluate the advantages and limitations of Point Shear Wave Elastography and 2-dimensional Shear Wave Elastography against percutaneous liver biopsy for assessing focal liver lesions.
METHODS: This document reviews the advantages and limitations of point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and 2-dimensional shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) against percutaneous liver biopsy for assessing focal liver lesions.
RESULTS: Ultrasound elastography has shown promising results and plays an important role in the assessment of focal liver lesions but the lack of histological confirmation is a limitation, especially in cases of suspected FLLs. The Tru cut percutaneous liver biopsy has been proven as a very helpful method for an accurate histological diagnosis. The main disadvantage of this procedure is that is invasive and the complications may be life threatening.
CONCLUSION: Noninvasive methods to aid clinical decisions are preferred by patients rather than liver biopsy. US elastography, in the form of pSWE, as well as 2D SWE has proved reliable for the evaluation of liver parenchyma. The investigation of pSWE and 2D-SWE for assessing the elasticity of focal liver lesions and their differentiating is still a challenging goal. Percutaneous liver biopsy provides an option for accurate histological confirmation of liver pathologies, particularly FLLs. It continues to be an important tool in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of those affected with liver disorders.
La coopération au développement française et espagnole en Amérique latine en miroir inversé
Authors: Orliange Philippe , Zaratiegui Thomas
Published: January 2024

Au milieu des années 2000, l’AFD et l’AECID semblaient engagées dans des trajectoires oppo-sées en Amérique latine, l’une y créant ses premières implantations, l’autre affichant sa volon-té de diminuer la forte concentration de son aide dans le sous-continent. 20 ans après, l’Agenda 2030 ayant rebattu les cartes et toutes deux ayant réformé quasi-concomitamment leur cadre législatif, les coopérations pour le développement française et espagnole font face à des défis communs dans la région, chacune depuis son prisme. La France est devenue l’un des premiers bailleurs bilatéraux de la zone, ce que ses priorités de politique étrangère ne laissaient pas entrevoir. L’Espagne s’évertue à sortir des ambiguïtés stratégiques qui ont long-temps accompagné son action dans cette zone prioritaire pour sa projection extérieure.
A relação entre evangélicos, bolsonarismo e a política brasileira
Authors: Tadvald Marcelo
Published: January 2024

Ce texte cherche à évaluer la relation entre le camp évangélique et le bolsonarisme, un courant politique dirigé par Jair Bolsonaro, considéré comme d’extrême droite et dont le mandat présidentiel, qui a débuté en 2018, a été interrompu lors des élections fédérales de 2022 qui visaient réélection après avoir perdu la course électorale face au candidat Lula. Pour ce faire, nous évaluons l’aspiration pluraliste et la scène religieuse brésilienne en général, la montée des évangéliques dans la politique nationale et leurs principaux intérêts, la montée du bolsonarisme et la participation des évangéliques à la fois dans son gouvernement présidentiel et dans la campagne électorale en laquelle ils ont été vaincus.
Fotografia, paisagem e catástrofe socioambiental em Deserto Vermelho (2016) de Bruno Veiga
Authors: (PUCRS/CNPq) Charles Monteiro
Published: January 2024

Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre fotografia, paisagem e Antropoceno através da análise da série Deserto Vermelho (2016) de Bruno Veiga, artista visual brasileiro que elaborou em imagens o desastre socioambiental em Mariana (Minas Gerais/BR) ocorrido em 5 de novembro de 2015. O desastre foi ocasionado pelo rompimento da Barragem do Fundão, que liberou uma imensa onda de barro com resíduos tóxicos de mineração inundando o Rio Doce, mantando todos os peixes e deixando sem água várias vilas e cidades ao longo das dezenas de quilômetros de seu percurso até chegar ao Oceano Atlântico. Este trabalho artístico contribue para a reflexão sobre o tempo presente e sobre a tensão escatológica que caracteriza as preocupações ligadas ao Antropoceno, bem como constitui-se em uma forma imagética crítica de pensar sobre atual crise socioambiental e civilizacional que nos obriga a repensar o nosso lugar em relação ao futuro da vida no planeta.
Prácticas de reconocimiento en la filmografía chilena de Raúl Ruiz: Estética del Realismo Púdico
Authors: Quijada Dr.Gonzalo Leiva
Published: January 2024

El tránsito de la filmografía de Raúl Ruiz está impregnado de una visión chilena fundante. Así los filmes de esta fase muestran los remanentes de sus paisajes originales. Ruiz fue creando una estética de lo inevitable, una acción púdica con develamiento y encubrimiento.
La revue KAO de 1989 et le réseau artistique de Carmelo Arden Quin : une archive inédite de l'avant-garde transnationale
Authors: Barisone Ornela
Published: January 2024

Cette étude examine le magazine KAO de 1989 comme une archive inédite et explore le réseau artistique impliquant Carmelo Arden Quin (Rivera, Uruguay, 1913 - Paris, France, 2010) dans sa production. Elle se concentre sur le troisième numéro de KAO, un supplément de la nouvelle série de Kanal Magazine réalisé par Michel Giroud et Carmelo Arden Quin, avec la conception de Philippe Camus et Ductus.L'objectif est d'analyser l'importance et l'influence du magazine dans le paysage artistique de l'époque, ainsi que d'étudier le réseau artistique et les contributions des artistes et collaborateurs qui ont participé au magazine.L'hypothèse principale postule que la revue KAO de 1989 et sa relation avec Carmelo Arden Quin constituent une archive inédite qui mérite une attention et une recherche plus poussées dans le domaine des arts. De plus, il est suggéré que le réseau artistique et les liens établis à travers ladite revue et d'autres projets connexes peuvent offrir de nouvelles lectures sur la production artistique de l'époque.Pour atteindre cet objectif, la recherche s'est appuyée sur une large gamme de matériaux, y compris l'exemplaire de la revue, des documents liés à sa production et d'autres projets artistiques, ainsi que des entretiens et des témoignages de personnes impliquées dans le réseau. Les contenus de la revue seront analysés en détail, en mettant l'accent sur ses images et ses textes : les assemblages, les reencadrements, les interstices et autres aspects pertinents de la production artistique présentée dans ses pages. De plus, les expositions des œuvres de Carmelo Arden Quin mentionnées dans le texte seront détaillées, afin d'organiser les informations supplémentaires sur son parcours artistique.
Caballos: Economía y vida en Martín Fierro
Authors: Luppi Juan Pablo
Published: January 2024

El Martín Fierro de Hernández superpone al artificio gauchesco otra mediación, cuando la voz escrita del gaucho se mezcla con el idioma de las mercancías (Shell), limitadas en la periferia pampeana a bienes ganaderos. El menoscabo de los objetos devenidos mercancías replica un efecto del lenguaje, que al designar la cosa produce despojamiento (Esposito). Acelerada al promediar la década de 1870, la transformación liberal altera la escritura de la voz, convincente en el recitativo embroncado de la Ida (1872), importunada en la Vuelta (1879) por afán pedagógico y palabras extrañas al gaucho (alquirir, capital). Mercancía biológica, el caballo condensa la expoliación estatal que denuncia la Ida; cotizado por la plusvalía de crianza india, propicia la adaptación laboral que aconseja la Vuelta.
Percursos do Imaginário.
Authors: Fialho Daniela Marzola
Published: January 2024

Problematizar as cidades através da história urbana supõe, a partir da nova história cultural, uma ‘viagem’ no passado para pensar o presente (e por que não? – o futuro). Este artigo trata de viagens sugeridas por imagens que nos transportam pelas vias do tempo e do espaço. E ao serem narradas por teóricos e/ ou artistas - Walter Benjamin, Sandra Jatahy Pesavento, Sérgio Paulo Rouanet, Federico Fellini, Italo Calvino, Luis Buñuel -, elas são re-apresentadas com os ‘fantasmas culturais’ e os filtros desse narradores. O trabalho foi construído tomando como base os conceitos da história cultural traçados por alguns teóricos e se estabelecendo um paralelo deles com a maneira como são abordados pelos artistas ao refletirem sobre as suas criações artísticas. Trata-se da descrição e re-criação de cidades a partir de outra(s) – implícita(s) – que lhes serve de parâmetro ou na qual elas são fundidas. É precisamente esse tipo de recurso, usado conscientemente pelos autores, que expõe as formas de representação da realidade não mais como meros reflexos do real, mas como a própria criação desse real.
Qu’est-ce qu’une capitale mondiale littéraire ? Pour une géocritique rêveuse.
Authors: Samoyault Tiphaine
Published: January 2024

¿Puede la idea de capital cultural o de capital literario escapar al punto de vista desde el que la miramos? Para decirlo de otra manera, ¿existe una capital literaria mundial reconocida "mundialmente" como tal? La hipótesis de Pascale Casanova en La República Mundial de las Letras es que París ha desempeñado este papel durante mucho tiempo, pero esta opinión ha sido cuestionada fuera de Europa y a menudo acusada de eurocentrismo. Algunos podrían pensar que Nueva York ocupa hoy ese lugar, pero sobre todo gracias a la subordinación parcial de la literatura al gran mercado del libro, que no es lo mismo. Para poder hablar de una capital literaria mundial, tendríamos que poder identificar una ciudad con la literatura, no sólo social, económicamente, sino también imaginativamente e incluso lingüísticamente. Escritores de todo el mundo deberían reunirse para experimentar la literatura en su lengua y entre lenguas. La globalización, que podría favorecer estas condiciones, hace que el cumplimiento de estos cuatro criterios –económico, social, imaginario y lingüístico– sea en realidad imposible. La extrema concentración económica, que afecta también a los grandes grupos editoriales, y la dispersión de los centros, hacen que la noción misma de capital mundial sea una idea obsoleta. Entonces, ¿qué le pasa a ella? ¿Seguimos yendo a una ciudad por motivos literarios? ¿Cómo se cruzan lo real y lo imaginario de la literatura en un mismo lugar, en un lugar único? Me gustaría responder a estas preguntas contando brevemente la historia de una idea y mostrando cómo la imaginación "geoliteraria" compensa la desaparición de cualquier capital literaria mundial promocionando otros lugares, vinculados a otras historias y abriéndose a otras imaginaciones.
Do Blood group and Sickle cell trait protect against placental malaria?
Authors: Luuse Arnold T. , Alidu Huseini , Mawuli Mawusi A. , Mubarak Abdul-Rahman , Gyan Ben
Published: January 2024

Blood group O is reported to confer some degree of protection from severe malaria in endemic setting. This protection is believed to be due to reduced and smaller rosette formation in people of blood group O which can easily be cleared by the host immune system. Also, sickle cell trait (HbAS) is reported to disrupt the adhesion of infected erythrocytes to microvascular endothelial walls, which could protect pregnant women from placental malaria. We determined the association between HbAS and ABO blood group, and placental malaria amongst pregnant women of all parities. The study enrolled 221 pregnant women. Peripheral blood samples were taken for malaria smears, ABO blood grouping and haemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis. A struc‑ tured questionnaire was used to age, bed net usage, and the number of Sulphadoxine‑pyrimethamine (SP) doses taken by a pregnant woman. Two hundred and twenty‑one (221) pregnant women were enrolled and out of this number, 110 (49.8%) were primiparae and 111 (50.2%) multiparae, with a mean age of 23.7±5.2. Placental malaria (PM) prevalence by PCR detection was 19.4% (43/221). Of those who were malaria positive 58.1% (25/43) were primiparae. Primiparae who are of blood group O were more susceptible to PM [P=0.04, (OR); 2.85, 95% (Cl), 1.12‑9.01]. But sickle cell trait did not reduce the prevalence of PM [P=0.84 (OR); 0.92, 95% (Cl), 0.43‑1.99]. Non‑blood group O primiparae women were protected against placental malaria. This could be why some primiparae women are protected from PM, just like multiparae women.
Become a Health Literacy Champion: Strategies to Promote Health Literacy in Athletic Training
Authors: Madden Meredith , Tupper Judith
Published: January 2024

Health literacy is defined as “the degree to which individuals have the ability to find, understand, and use information and services to inform health-related decisions and actions for themselves and others.”1 Individuals with health disparities are more likely to have poor health outcomes and misuse health care services due to low health literacy. This connection between health literacy and health disparities demonstrates the need for clinicians to provide health literate care. Athletic trainers serve as essential points of contact for diverse patient populations in a variety of health care settings. The 2023 Practice Analysis 8 recognizes health literacy as an essential responsibility; however, few practical resources exist, and research specific to athletic training is lacking. In this manuscript, we aim to provide a primer on health literacy definitions, concepts, and best practices adapted from public health to support implementation into athletic training clinical practice.
Social Norms and Concussion Disclosure Behavior: Clarification of Terms and Measurement Recommendations
Authors: Lininger Monica R. , Cook Natalie , Wayment Heidi
Published: January 2024

Nondisclosed sport-related concussion symptoms pose a significant risk to athletes’ health and well-being. Many researchers have focused on understanding the factors affecting athletes’ concussion disclosure behaviors. One of the most robust predictors of the likelihood that an athlete will disclose concussion symptoms to their coaches, athletic trainers, parents, or peers is what researchers term social norms. The extant literature regarding social norms influencing concussion disclosure behaviors is inconsistent on how the construct should be defined, conceptualized, or measured, often failing to distinguish between descriptive and injunctive social norms and their sources (direct and indirect). In this technical note, we provide an overview of these critical distinctions, their importance in assessments, and examples from the literature in which scholars have correctly operationalized these constructs in athletic populations. We conclude with a brief set of suggestions for researchers seeking to measure social norms in future research.
Preliminary survey on the distribution of Ixodid ticks in domestic ruminants and vegetation of Pathanamthitta district, Kerala, South India
Authors: Sahina S , Sithalakshmi S , Balasubramanian R
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:

Tick borne diseases (TBD) are becoming a major public and animal health problem in the Kerala. Recently, during 2021 – 2022, a new focus of tick nuisance and associated fever has been reported in some villages of Pathanamthitta district.

Methods:

The study on the diversity of tick fauna in Southern Kerala is limited. Therefore, a preliminary survey was carried out for the first time in this focus for implementation of future tick borne pathogen detection and control measures. This research may provide a proper understanding of tick density and acarological risk by tick ecology through surveillance and identification. A cross sectional study was conducted during the summer season of 2021 and 2022 in the tick bite infected area – Naduvathumoozhy, Vayakkara, Malayalappuzha and Pallikuzhi.

Results:

Ticks were manually collected from ruminants and by dragging method from vegetation. A total of 727 ticks of 8 different species were collected from the genus Amblyomma, Haemaphysalis, Hyalomma, and Rhipicephalus. The most prevalent species were H. bispinosa and H.turturis, at 38.7% and 29.1%, respectively. Ticks were sampled from 197 animals with the proportion of infestation being 73.60%. It was highest in goats (85.9%), followed by buffalo (73.6%) and cow (65.4%).

Interpretation & conclusion:

The study concludes that, despite the absence of any TBD outbreaks, the Pathanamthitta district has a high diversity of tick fauna and a high rate of tick infestation in domestic ruminants, especially in goats. Hence active tick surveillance is necessary in order to prevent TBD outbreaks in future; the study also emphasizes the importance of performing tick surveillance in both KFD endemic and non-endemic regions.
Bamboo stumps that are artificially in use put pressure on Dengue and Chikungunya vector control in Dhaka City, Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Rajib , Faria Shyla , Chowdhury Vashkar , Islam Md Sahidul , Akther Shireen , Akter Sakila
Published: January 2024

Background & objectives:

Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes breed in natural and artificial containers, and they transmit dengue and chikungunya. Therefore, a study was conducted to identify the contribution of bamboo stumps to these disease vectors that were used in the flower garden as pillars to hold the bamboo flex fence.

Methods:

Two sizes of whole bamboo were used to hold fences around gardens at Dhaka University, Bangladesh, and they were painted red and green. Mosquito larvae and pupae were collected from bamboo stumps between July and August, and vectors were identified up to the species level. The data were analyzed using the STATA/MP 14.2 version.

Results:

We found 83.5% and 0.2% were Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti, respectively, and the rest were Culex and Armigeres species. Ae. albopictus, Ae. aegypti, and both species-positive bamboo stumps were 46.9, 0.7, and 47.1 percent, respectively. 54.5% of bamboo stumps had at least one mosquito species. The average stump depth for Aedes positive stumps (mean =11.7 cm, SE = 0.5) was significantly (p <0.001) higher than the Aedes negative stumps (mean = 9.5 cm, SE = 0.4). 53.8% and 38.0% stumps were found Aedes positive on the ground and upper sides of fences, respectively, and found significant (p<0.01) differences between both sides. A zero-inflated negative binomial count model is significant at a 5% level of significance, χ2(4) = 11.8, p = 0.019 (<0.05) for Ae. albopictus. Stump depth is found to have a significant positive effect on the number of Aedes-positive stumps.

Interpretation & conclusion:

Artificially used natural containers are adding pressure to current mosquito control activities as mosquitoes are breeding on them, which needs additional attention.
Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and associated extra-renal anomalies in fetal autopsies
Authors: Aytekin Esra Çobankent , Sanhal Cem Y. , Toru Havva Serap
Published: January 2024

Objectives and Background:

According to studies, 1% of all pregnancies have an abnormality, with 20–30% of those affecting the genitourinary system. Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) is one of the primary causes of perinatal and neonatal mortality in children. Many extra-renal congenital illnesses accompany these defects, affecting the patient’s prognosis. This study aims to determine the subtypes, frequency, and extra-renal defects associated with congenital anomalies of the urinary system, which is the major cause of mortality in fetal and infant autopsies throughout the perinatal and neonatal eras. We believe that our study will contribute to the literature because few autopsy investigations can give this data.

Materials and Methods:

The study included 110 fetal autopsies between January 1997 and May 2019. 10% were newborns under the age of one year, and 90% were fetus autopsies.

Results:

Males accounted for 67.3% of the cases, while females accounted for 35 (31.8%) (the gender of one case could not be determined). Renal dysplasia was the most frequent CAKUT, with a rate of 22.73%, followed by renal agenesis, with a rate of 20.0%. Eighty-four cases (76.3%) showed disease in at least one other organ system. Musculoskeletal system (MSS) abnormalities were the most common associated system anomaly, with one or more MSS anomalies (34.55%) detected in 38 cases.

Conclusion:

Finally, we want to underline that CAKUT and its associated anomalies are not uncommon. Prenatal imaging, genetic investigation, and/or postmortem examination should all be used to screen for CAKUT. This information is helpful for the mother’s future pregnancy management and parental genetic counseling.
Prevalence and clinicopathological Spectrum of Auto-Immune Liver Diseases & Overlap syndrome
Authors: Varadarajan Annapoorani , Rastogi Archana , Maiwall Rakhi , Bihari Chhagan , Thomas Sherin , Sood Vikrant , Shasthry Saggere Muralikrishna
Published: January 2024

Aims:

Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) represent a spectrum of related yet distinct immune-mediated disorders. The literature on the prevalence of these AILDs in Indian population is scarce. This study aims to assess the prevalence and clinicopathological spectrum of various AILDs especially the overlap syndrome.

Materials and Methods:

A 10-year (2011–2020) cross-sectional, retrospective observational study of histological proven cases of AILD was conducted. Clinical, demographic, and laboratory parameters were retrieved. Two pathologists independently reviewed the liver biopsies and reassessed 18 histopathological parameters.

Results:

During the study period, 17664 liver biopsies were received, out of which 1060 (6%) biopsies of AILD were identified. After exclusion, we had 721 cases which revealed a distribution of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)-64.7%, primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)-14.8%, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)-7.6%, overlap AIH-PBC 11%, and overlap AIH-PSC 1.7%. AIH patients had significantly higher prevalence for severe lobular inflammation (27%, P ≤ 0.001), several lobular plasma cells (37%, P ≤ 0.001), central perivenulitis (30%, P ≤ 0.001), hepatic rosettes (51%, P ≤ 0.001), and necrosis (35.5%, P ≤ 0.001), while PBC patients had significantly higher frequency of florid duct lesions (11.2%, P ≤ 0.001), duct loss (83.17%, P ≤ 0.001), bile duct damage (76.6%, P ≤ 0.001), and periportal copper deposits (19.6%, P ≤ 0.001). Overlap AIH-PBC group had the highest proportion of severe portal inflammation (27.5%, P ≤ 0.001), prominent portal plasma cells (75%, P ≤ 0.001), moderate interface activity (53.7%, P ≤ 0.001), Mallory-Denk bodies (27.5%, P ≤ 0.001), and periportal cholate stasis (25%, P ≤ 0.001).

Conclusion:

Prevalence of biopsy-proven AILDs in our study cohort is 6%. AIH (64.7%) is the most common AILD followed by PBC (14.8%). Overlap syndrome (AIH-PBC) showed prevalence of 11%.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis: A Rare Association of an Inherited Cardiomyopathy with Acquired Heart Disease
Authors: Rashid Aamir , Masood Ishtiyaq , Rasool Vamiq , Lone Ajaz Ahmad
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) in association with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a very rare entity. This combination presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We report clinical, echocardiographic features, and management challenges of one such case of rheumatic MS with HCM who presented to us with acute decompensated heart failure.
Clinical Profile and Predictors of Poor Prognosis in Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Ealias Bejoy V , Narayanapillai Jayaprasad , Madhavan Suresh , Jayaprakash V L , Baiju R.
Published: January 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:

Infective endocarditis (IE) is associated with high morbidity and mortality despite advances in diagnosis and treatment. A recent knowledge of the epidemiology and clinical spectrum of IE is essential for prompt recognition and effective therapy.

Aims:

This study aims to determine the clinical profile, and outcome of patients with IE and to identify the clinical and laboratory predictors of poor prognosis in patients with IE.

Settings and Design:

This is a prospective observational study among patients diagnosed with IE in a tertiary care center over a period of 12 months.

Subjects and Methods:

We collected the demographic, clinical, and laboratory evaluation details of consecutive patients admitted with IE. All the patients were followed during hospitalization for mortality, complications, and need for surgery.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The comparison of mean values across the different outcome groups was done using one-way analysis of variance test. The association between the categorical independent variables with the outcome was evaluated using the Pearson Chi-square test.

Results:

Among 75 patients admitted with IE rheumatic heart disease was the most common predisposing condition. Blood culture was positive in 80%. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism. Total in-hospital mortality was 32%. Staphylococcal IE had 43% mortality and fungal IE had 57% mortality. Prosthetic valve endocarditis also had 57% mortality. Surgery was undertaken in 28% of patients and surgical mortality was 19%. Presence of heart failure, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, high serum creatinine, and C-reactive protein were associated with high mortality.

Conclusions:

The mortality associated with IE remains high. Clinical and laboratory parameters can reliably predict poor prognosis in IE.
Effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on anxiety among hospitalized elderly undergoing abdominal surgery
Authors: Tandon Ritika , Gupta Rajesh , Sharma Sunita , Thakur Mukta
Published: January 2024

Introduction:

Elderly patients having abdominal surgery report decreased independence and different rehabilitation needs. Hospitalized elderly patients undergoing surgery may experience anxiety due to various reasons such as fear of surgery and anesthesia, fear of surgical complications, discomfort, and pain during or after surgery. Reminiscence therapy is commonly used for boosting the psychological well-being of the geriatric population. Teaching elderly patients how to employ anxiety-reducing interventions like reminiscence therapy will have a positive effect on the course of their rehabilitation.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to determine the level of anxiety among hospitalized elderly undergoing abdominal surgery and to determine the effectiveness of reminiscence therapy on anxiety among hospitalized elderly undergoing abdominal surgery.

Materials and Methods:

A quasi-experimental study was conducted in the surgical unit. The Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) provided ethical approval (INC/IEC/2021/SPL.1146 and dated on 28/07/21). Participants were recruited after written consent. A total of 60 study participants were enrolled using the purposeful sampling technique and were randomized into experimental and control groups by alternate allocation. The data were gathered in July–September 2021 by interviewing patients in accordance with a schedule that included sociodemographic profile, clinical profile, and Geriatric Anxiety Scale.

Results:

Findings show that there is a significantly higher percentage of study participants who had mild anxiety (96.6%) in the experimental group (P ≤ r0.001), after the intervention, while no change was observed in the control group which showed that reminiscence therapy had a significant effect on anxiety among hospitalized elderly undergoing abdominal surgery.

Conclusion:

It is observed that a considerable proportion of elderly patients who are admitted to hospitals for abdominal surgery suffer from anxiety. These psychiatric distresses might exacerbate the physical disease and slow the rehabilitation process. Reminiscence therapy is an acceptable mental health intervention that can be organized for their management.
Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Gut Microbiota: A Scientometric Analysis
Authors: Cabanillas-Lazo Miguel , Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Pascual-Guevara Milagros , Guerrero Maria Eugenia , Barja-Ore John , Espinoza-Carhuancho Fran , Mayta-Tovalino Frank
Published: January 2024

Objective:

To perform a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production related to intestinal microbiota and bariatric surgery between January 2016 and December 2022.

Materials and Methods:

A bibliographic search was performed in the Scopus database to identify published papers. Free and controlled terms (MeSH and Emtree) were used. The information collected was analyzed with SciVal.

Results:

A total of 518 published papers were included in the analysis. Carel Le Roux was the author with the highest scientific production; however, Edi Prifti had the highest impact. French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale) was the institution with the highest number of published articles. Six of the 10 institutions with the highest production were in France, yet the United States had the highest volume of scientific production in this research topic. Most papers were published in first quartile journals. Articles with international collaboration had the highest impact. There is a sustained increase in the number of publications since 2019.

Conclusions:

The study found that the vast majority of research on gut microbiota changes following bariatric surgery are conducted in the United States and European countries. In addition, the sustained increase in production coupled with the articles being published in high-quality journals and having good citation impact are indictors of the current interest in this research field.
Persistent pupillary membrane and accessory iris membrane in cataract surgery
Authors: Cheng Ya-Feng , Lin Hung-Yu , Chao Shih-Chun
Published: January 2024

Incomplete involution of the anterior tunica vasculosa lentis is observed in most newborns, including persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) and accessory iris membrane (AIM). PPM is a common congenital ocular anomaly characterized by delicate iris strands along the pupil. AIM is a rare congenital ocular anomaly characterized by iris tissue strands arising from the iris collarette, forming a pseudopupil. Although most of these membranes do not lead to visual impairment, they can pose challenges during cataract surgery. Our case highlights a unique scenario involving the concurrent presence of PPM and AIM in cataract surgery. The surgeries were performed uneventfully without postoperative complications. To prevent unnecessary interventions and potential disappointment, it is essential to individually assess and plan strategies for patients with either PPM or AIM.
Machine Learning-Based Modeling and Predictive Control of Combustion
Phasing and Load in a Dual-Fuel Low-Temperature Combustion
Engine
Authors: Punasiya Mohit , Sarangi Asish Kumar
Published: January 2024

Reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engine is an innovative
dual-fuel strategy, which uses two fuels with different reactivity and physical
properties to achieve low-temperature combustion, resulting in reduced emissions
of oxides of nitrogen (NOx), particulate matter, and improved fuel
efficiency at part-load engine operating conditions compared to conventional
diesel engines. However, RCCI operation at high loads poses challenges due to
the premixed nature of RCCI combustion. Furthermore, precise controls of
indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) and CA50 combustion phasing (crank
angle corresponding to 50% of cumulative heat release) are crucial for
drivability, fuel conversion efficiency, and combustion stability of an RCCI
engine. Real-time manipulation of fuel injection timing and premix ratio (PR)
can maintain optimal combustion conditions to track the desired load and
combustion phasing while keeping maximum pressure rise rate (MPRR) within
acceptable limits.

In this study, a model-based controller was developed to track CA50 and IMEP
accurately while limiting MPRR below a specified threshold in an RCCI engine.
The research workflow involved development of an imitative dynamic RCCI engine
model using a data-driven approach, which provided reliable measured state
feedback during closed-loop simulations. The model exhibited high prediction
accuracy, with an R2 score exceeding 0.91 for all
the features of interest. A linear parameter-varying state space (LPV-SS) model
based on least squares support vector machines (LS-SVM) was developed and
integrated into the model predictive controller (MPC). The controller parameters
were optimized using genetic algorithm and closed-loop simulations were
performed to assess the MPC’s performance. The results demonstrated the
controller’s effectiveness in tracking CA50 and IMEP, with mean average errors
(MAE) of 0.89 crank angle degree (CAD) and 46 kPa and Mean absolute percentage
error (MAPE) of 9.7% and 7.1%, respectively, while effectively limiting MPRR
below of 10 bar/CAD. This comprehensive evaluation showcased the efficacy of the
model-based control approach in tracking CA50 and IMEP while constraining MPRR
in the dual-fuel engine.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KURANGNYA MINAT BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS VI SD NEGERI 10 KOTA BARU
Authors: Wahyunda Rahmi , Wibowo Deki , Lestari Novika
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this studi was to determine the factors affecting the lack of interest in lerning mathematics for sixth grade students of SD Negeri 10 Kota Baru. The subjects in this study were students and teacher of mathematics six grade SD  Negeri 10 Kota Baru.This study uses qualitative research methods,  data collection techniques in this study using interviews and documentation, research instruments using interview sheets. Data analysis in this study is data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. While the validity of the data used is triangulation data sources.The results of the study found that the factors that influence the lack of interest in learning mathematics for grade VI students of SD Negeri 10 Kota Baru are factors from within students (internal) and factors from outside (external). The internal factors include student attitudes, student motivation and intelligence, while external factors include the family environment, social environment, as well as teachers and how to educate. The attitude of students who are not good, and low motivation towards a learning and the level of student ability that is less can result in a lack of student interest in a learning. In addition, the way teachers teach is less effective, the family environment and social environment are not good also affect students' interest in learning mathematics.
Telepharmacy knowledge, attitude, and experience among pharmacy students in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ilma Dewi Latifatul , Putri Kiasati Mumpuni , Mustikaningtias Ika , Sholihat Nia Kurnia , Parmasari Damairia Hayu
Published: January 2024

Background: The advancement of technology in healthcare services has given rise to telepharmacy. The success of telepharmacy depends on the knowledge, attitude, and experience of pharmacy students. However, telepharmacy is relatively new in the Indonesian pharmacy education system.   
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire to evaluate pharmacy students' knowledge, attitude, and experience related to telepharmacy.    
Results: The questionnaire was completed by 442 pharmacy students. Among them, 97.96% demonstrated a high level of knowledge about telepharmacy, and 96.60% had a positive attitude toward it. However, 85.97% of students had limited experience with telepharmacy. While there was a significant correlation between knowledge and attitude, no such correlation was observed between attitude and experience.    
Conclusion: The findings revealed that pharmacy students had high knowledge and attitude, but limited experience with telepharmacy. Additionally, there is a significant correlation between knowledge of telepharmacy and a positive attitude towards its use. To better prepare future pharmacists to provide effective telepharmacy services, it is essential to integrate telepharmacy practice models into the curriculum.
Dealing in Uncertainty
Authors: van der Heide Arjen
Published: January 2024

This book conducts an in-depth investigation of one of the largest and longest-established insurance industries in Europe: British life insurance. The author draws on over forty oral history interviews to trace how the sector is changed since the 1970s, a period characterised by rampant financialisation and neoliberalisation.
Metatheoretical approach to the study of legal technology: new opportunities and prospects
Authors: Карпунина В.В.
Published: January 2024

В статье рассматриваются отдельные дискуссионные стороны понятия «юридическая техника» в контексте метатеоретического подхо- да. Обращается внимание, что сложившаяся неопределенность в понимании сущностных сторон юридической техники обусловлена недостаточным вниманием к исследованию метатеоретических феноменов. Рассматриваются основные черты и особенности метатеоретического подхода к анализу правовых явлений. Аргументируется положение о необходимости реализации такого подхода в исследованиях юридической техники. В числе приоритетных направлений метатеоретического анализа указываются исследование стиля технико-юридического мышления, а также формирование понятийного ряда юридической техники. Делается вывод о том, что развитие широкого подхода к юридической технике как технике правового регулирования находится в прямой зависимости от изучения метатеоретических феноменов, совершенствования методологии метатеоретического анализа как относительно самостоятельного направления научных исследований.

The article considers some controversial aspects of the concept “legal technique” in the context of a meta-theoretical approach. Attention is drawn to the fact that the current uncertainty in understanding essential aspects of legal technology is due to insufficient attention to the study of metatheoretical phenomena. The main features and peculiarities of the meta-theoretical approach to the analysis of legal phenomena are considered. The need to implement a metatheoretical approach in the research of legal technology is substantiated. Crucial areas of metatheoretical analysis are the study of the style of technical and legal thinking and the formation of a conceptual range of legal techniques. It is concluded that the development of a broad approach to legal technologies as a technique of legal regulation is directly dependent on the study of metatheoretical phenomena and the improvement of the metatheoretical analysis methodology as a relatively independent area of scientific research.
Transformation of the liberal idea in the legal culture of modern society
Authors: Оботурова Н.С.
Published: January 2024

В статье анализируются основные направления трансформации либеральной идеи в правовой культуре современного общества, выявляются их причины и основания. Показано, что одним из направлений трансформации либеральной идеи является абсолютизация индивидуалистического и группового начал, которая трактуется автором как концентрированное выражение в правовой культуре особенностей общей культурной ситуации постмодерна. Обоснована необходимость рассмотрения индивидуальных прав и свобод человека в их многосторонней системной связи с социальными обязанностями, моральным долгом, исторической ответственностью. В качестве нового поля проблем в интерпретации либеральной идеи рассмотрен трансгуманистический проект морфологической свободы, показано, что его реализация не только не увеличит права и свободы человека, но, напротив, заведет общество в тупик биологической стратификации, в которой права человека и право в целом утратят всякий смысл.

The article analyzes key directions of the transformation of the liberal idea in the legal culture of modern society, identifies their causes and grounds. It is shown that one of the liberal idea transformation directions is the absolutization of individualistic and group principles, interpreted by the author as a concentrated expression in the legal culture of features of the general cultural situation of postmodernity. The necessity of considering individual human rights and freedoms in their multilateral systemic connection with social responsibilities, moral duty, and historical responsibility is substantiated. The transhumanistic project of morphological freedom is considered as a new field of problems in the interpretation of the liberal idea. It is shown that its implementation will not only increase human rights and freedoms, but, on the contrary, will lead society into a dead end of biological stratification, in which human rights and law as a whole will lose all meaning.
Plebiscite in historical retrospect
Authors: Перебинос Ю.А.
Published: January 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме соотношения понятий «плебисцит» и «референдум», анализу политико-правовой практики в исторической ретроспективе с целью выявления особенностей и отличительных черт института плебисцита. В качестве примера взят опыт Франции в силу того, что она имеет давние и стабильные традиции проведения плебисцитов. Исследование показало, что какого-либо принципиального различия между понятиями «плебисцит» и «референдум» в законодательстве России, зарубежных стран и на практике нет. Отличия между указанными дефинициями отмечены научной общественностью. В исследовательской литературе разграничение сводится к предмету голосования.

The article considers the problem of correlation of the concepts “plebiscite” and “referendum”, the analysis of political and legal practice in historical retrospect in order to identify features and distinctive features of the institution of plebiscite. The experience of France is taken as an example due to the fact that it has a long and stable tradition of holding plebiscites. The study shows that there is no fundamental difference between concepts “plebiscite” and “referendum” in the legislation of Russia, foreign countries and in practice. The differences between these definitions are noted by the scientific community. In the research literature, the distinction is reduced to the subject of voting.
Legal personality of artificial intelligence: theoretical and legal problems
Authors: Саттаров В.Д.
Published: January 2024

В статье анализируются проблема признания правосубъектности искусственного интеллекта, связанные с этим закономерности, а также ряд теоретико-правовых особенностей, присущих данной технологической инновации. Искусственный интеллект – это техническое средство, способное к самообучению, а также к воспроизводству когнитивных и коммуникативных функций, традиционно характерных для человеческого разума. Эмоциональный искусственный интеллект способен также понимать эмоции и подражать им. Автором систематизируются распространенные научные концепции, идеи и подходы, обосновывающие потребность признания правосубъектности искусственного интеллекта либо отрицающие подобную возможность, сформулирована позиция по вопросу правосубъектности искусственного интеллекта. По мнению автора, исследуемое техническое средство не способно в полной мере выступать субъектом правовых отношений по причине отсутствия свободы воли как важного условия приобретения правосубъектности.

The article analyzes the problem of recognizing legal personality of artificial intelligence, the associated patterns, as well as a number of theoretical and legal features inherent in this technological innovation. Artificial intelligence is a technical tool capable of self-learning, as well as reproduction of cognitive and communicative functions traditionally characteristic of the human mind. “Emotional” artificial intelligence is also able to understand emotions and imitate them. The author systematizes widespread scientific concepts, ideas and approaches that justify the need to recognize legal personality of artificial intelligence or deny such a possibility, and formulates the author’s position on the issue of the legal personality of artificial intelligence. According to the author, the studied technical means is not able to fully act as a subject of legal relations due to the lack of free will as an important condition for acquiring legal personality.
Formation of digital (electronic) voting in elections in the Russian Federation and development prospects
Authors: Батова О.С.
Published: January 2024

Статья посвящена анализу современных цифровых технологий, которые применяются для реализации избирательных прав граждан в Российской Федерации. Автор рассматривает правовые и организационные основы электронного и цифрового (электронного) голосования, их формы и соблюдение основополагающих принципов избирательного права и процесса Российской Федерации. Проанализирован опыт цифрового (электронного) голосования в России и зарубежных странах, определены риски и положительный эффект при использовании данного вида избирательной технологии.

The article analyzes modern digital technologies used to realize the electoral rights of citizens in the Russian Federation. The author considers legal and organizational foundations for the implementation of electronic and digital (electronic) voting, their forms and compliance with the fundamental principles of electoral law and the process of the Russian Federation. The experience of digital (electronic) voting in Russia and foreign countries is analyzed, the risks and positive effects of using this type of electoral technology are identified.
Digital transformation of agriculture in the context of ensuring food security: legal experience of the BRICS countries (beginning)
Authors: Воронина Н.П.
Published: January 2024

В условиях современных глобальных вызовов и угроз актуальным является обеспечение продовольственной безопасности. В статье на примере стран БРИКС рассмотрено стратегическое планирование в сфере обеспечения продовольственной безопасности. Осуществляемая цифровая трансформация сельского хозяйства стран БРИКС требует новых подходов к определению механизмов совершенствования правового регулирования и стратегического планирования. Выявлены правовые проблемы цифровой трансформации сельского хозяйства и сформулированы авторские предложения по их возможному решению.

Ensuring food security is relevant in the context of modern global challenges and threats. The article examines strategic planning in the field of food security using the example of the BRICS countries. The ongoing digital transformation of agriculture in the BRICS countries requires new approaches to defining mechanisms for improving legal regulation and strategic planning. Legal problems of the digital transformation of agriculture are identified and the author’s proposals for their possible solution are formulated.