bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis/HIV coinfection from the perspective of quality of life: scope review
Authors: Carvalho Marcos Vinícius de Freitas , Taminato Mônica , Bertolozzi Maria Rita , Nichiata Lúcia Yasuko Izumi , Fernandes Hugo , Hino Paula
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze evidence on the quality of life of people with tuberculosis/HIV coinfection. Methods: review that followed steps of the Cochrane Collaboration, with the search of publications in the bases Embase, LILACS, PubMed, and Cochrane, through the descriptors “HIV,” “Tuberculosis,” and “Quality of Life,” without a temporal cut. Results: the results include 15 studies, published between 2009 and 2019, with the level of evidence V, in its majority. It was observed that there is no uniformity in the instrument used. Psychological support to this group and strengthening of actions to manage both infections are necessary. This segment’s quality of life is associated with social factors and scientific production on the subject concentrated in underdeveloped countries. Conclusions: the articles found have a low level of scientific evidence and indicate that people who experience coinfection have a more compromised quality of life when compared to those who experience tuberculosis or HIV separately.
Creation and validation of a serial album for the prevention of Pressure Ulcer: a methodological study
Authors: Fontenele Natália Ângela Oliveira , Ximenes Maria Aline Moreira , Brandão Maria Girlane Sousa Albuquerque , Fernandes Cristina da Silva , Galindo Neto Nelson Miguel , Carvalho Rhanna Emanuela Fontenele Lima de , Barros Lívia Moreira
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to create and validate a serial album for Pressure Ulcer prevention in the hospital environment. Methods: a methodological study with the production of the serial album and validation by 22 judges and 22 patients. The content was based on the integrative review and the reports of the World Health Organization. It was considered a Content Validity Index equal to or greater than 80% in the items and the binomial test for the judges’ agreement. Results: the serial album entitled “Pressure Ulcer Prevention in the hospital environment” has 13 pages. In the content and layout validation, all items had an agreement above 80% among the participants. The overall Content Validity Index was 0.99 for the judges and 1.0 for the patients. Conclusions: the constructed and validated material presented itself as an adequate instrument to be used in health education activities.
“Meus hormônios me enlouquecem”: investigação psicanalítica com mommy blogs brasileiros
Authors: Visintin Carlos Del Negro , Schulte Andréia de Almeida , Aiello-Vaisberg Tania Maria José
Published: June 2021

Resumo Esta pesquisa objetiva investigar psicanaliticamente imaginários coletivos de mães sobre sofrimentos maternos, na perspectiva da psicologia psicanalítica concreta. Justifica-se como busca de conhecimento compreensivo que pode trazer subsídios para a clínica psicológica contemporânea e para debates de movimentos sociais e sociedade civil que tenham por foco a melhoria das condições de cuidados a mães e filhos. Organiza-se ao redor do método psicanalítico, utilizando como material postagens provenientes de mommy blogs brasileiros. A leitura do conjunto de postagens, em estado de atenção flutuante e associação livre de ideias, permite a produção interpretativa do campo de sentido afetivo-emocional “Meus hormônios me enlouquecem”. Este campo se organiza ao redor da fantasia segundo a qual afetos ansiosos e depressivos, vivenciados por mães durante o puerpério, seriam determinados por hormônios e/ou neurotransmissores. O quadro geral indica uma tendência imaginativa a priorizar o valor da esfera biológica em detrimento da dramática da vida relacional-vincular.
Wooden breast and white striping: comparative occurrence in three poultry companies
Authors: Fraga Sabrina T. , Jaenisch Fátima R.F. , Peixoto Jane O. , Coldebella Arlei , Borges Karen A. , Furian Thales Q. , Dickel Elci L. , Santos Luciana R. dos
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: To increase the amount of meat produced, researchers have promoted intensive genetic selection for growth rate and muscling and have improved nutrition and management conditions. However, there has been an increase in the number of reports of breast muscle myopathies observed in poultry processing plants, including white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB). This study aimed to evaluate and to compare the occurrence of WS and WB myopathies in three poultry processing plants and to perform an anatomopathological characterization, including macroscopic and microscopic analyses. A total of 408,334 carcasses were condemned or downgraded due to the presence of WB or WS, which represents 0.73% of the total number of slaughtered animals during the evaluated period. WB was more frequent than WS, but the occurrence of each myopathy varied significantly according to each establishment. WB was more frequent in the establishment which includes only male flocks, an average age of 45 days, and an average live weight of 2775g (B). WS was more frequent in establishment with male, female and mixed flocks, average ages ranging from 41 to 44 days, and average live weight 1731g-2830g (A). It is probably related with specific condition of each poultry company, including genetics, age, nutrition and management conditions. Macroscopically, WB and WS lesions are characterized by hypertrophy and stiffness of the pectoralis major muscle. Under microscopy, the myopathies showed similarities regarding the detected histological abnormalities, characterized by a process of myodegeneration, although the connective tissue infiltrate was more severe in the breasts with WB than in those with WS myopathy. The results found in this study demonstrate that the rates of condemnation for these myopathies are high, vary significantly among the analyzed companies and may cause major economic losses for the productive sector in the region.
Seasonal variations of male reproductive parameters of Tomodon dorsatus from Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Abud Luciane Lily , Schimming Bruno Cesar
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT: The morphology of the male reproductive tract of Tomodon dorsatus was described in the austral seasons of the year considering macroscopic and microscopic variables. For this purpose, 56 specimens from the herpetological collection of the “Instituto Butantan” were used. Fragments of the testes, kidneys and ductus deferens were collected and submitted to histological routine. The peak of the testicular volume was observed in the summer and the epithelium of the seminiferous tubules had higher height in the summer (p=0.001). The testes were active throughout the year, however, the spermiogenesis peaked in the summer. There were spermatozoa in the lumen of the ductus deferens in all seasons of the year. Renal length was higher in autumn (p=0.027), and renal width did not show a significant increase (p=0.237). The diameter and epithelial height of the sexual segment of the kidney (SSK) showed hypertrophy in winter and spring, coinciding with the mating period. Based on findings of this study, we can suggest that, at the population level, the reproductive cycle of T. dorsatus can be considered seasonal semi-synchronous, due to the peak of spermiogenic activity in the hot season, and discontinuous at the individual level.
Variáveis psicomotoras, cognitivas e funcionais em idosas saudáveis e com doença de Alzheimer
Authors: Glisoi Soraia Fernandes das Neves , Silva Thays Martins Vital da , Galduróz Ruth Ferreira
Published: June 2021

RESUMO A teoria da retrogênese descreve os declínios apresentados na doença de Alzheimer a partir dos estágios do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor de Piaget. O objetivo deste estudo transversal é avaliar e descrever aspectos psicomotores, cognitivos e quedas, investigando a relação de dependência entre essas variáveis de acordo com a teoria da retrogênese. A amostra foi composta por 45 idosas (27 saudáveis e 18 com Alzheimer fase leve), residentes em São Paulo entre 2016 e 2017. Para a avaliação foram utilizados: anamnese, Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de Yesavage (GDS-30), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Cambridge Cognitive Exam-Revised (CAMCOG-R), Escala de Equilíbrio de Berg (EEB), timed up and go test (TUGT), Avaliação Direta do Estado Funcional (DAFS-BR), teste U de Mann-Whitney, coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e análise de regressão múltipla com p<0,05. Observou-se ordem de perda semelhante à sugerida pela teoria da retrogênese nos dois grupos estudados. Quanto menor o índice CAMCOG-R, maior o número de quedas (p=0,03). Itens praxia (p<0,00) e funções executivas (p<0,00) do CAMCOG-R mostraram-se altamente correlacionados com o TUGT e a EEB. Sugere-se relação de dependência entre funcionalidade e cognição e equilíbrio e cognição, bem como correlação entre risco de queda e desempenho cognitivo nos dois grupos estudados. As perdas observadas estão de acordo com o que a teoria da retrogênese propõe, mas com diferentes intensidades entre os grupos. Estudos longitudinais são necessários, com uso de exames de imagem para validar a teoria nos padrões de perda em idosos com e sem doença de Alzheimer.
O tempo de balanço como variável preditiva da doença de Parkinson
Authors: Sousa Lucas Resende , Martins Bárbara Crystian Rodrigues , Oliveira Lucyana Teodoro de , Hallal Camilla Zamfolini
Published: June 2021

RESUMO Atualmente, a doença de Parkinson (DP) tem seu diagnóstico baseado apenas na observação clínica de uma combinação de sintomas, o que pode levar ao diagnóstico tardio, uma vez que alguns indivíduos podem ter a doença por 5 a 10 anos antes de serem diagnosticados. O objetivo do estudo foi identificar variáveis cinemáticas temporais da marcha capazes de discriminar idosos com e sem DP. 40 indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo de idosos sem DP (n=21) e com DP (n=19). Dez ciclos de marcha consecutivos foram obtidos durante a marcha em velocidade de preferência, e utilizados para a análise dos dados. Realizou-se uma análise discriminativa para determinar um modelo preditor de alterações na marcha característico da DP e calculado com base na especificidade e sensibilidade de cada variável analisada, utilizando-se variáveis cinemáticas temporais. A variável com valor discriminativo de sensibilidade e especificidade foi o tempo de balanço, o que pode classificá-la como a variável com grande potencial preditivo da presença ou não da DP; o ponto de corte encontrado para essa variável foi de 0,48segundos. A análise cinemática da marcha permite discriminar um grupo de indivíduos com DP de um grupo de indivíduos saudáveis com alta sensibilidade e especificidade, por meio do tempo de balanço, menor no grupo acometido pela doença (corte de 0,48 segundos).
Princípios básicos da pesquisa relacional, dialógica e colaborativa
Authors: Souza Rita de Cássia de
Published: June 2021

Resumo Este artigo, baseando-se na perspectiva construcionista social, visa apresentar uma possibilidade metodológica para pesquisas fundamentadas em princípios relacionais, de colaboração e diálogo. O texto apresenta as bases teóricas desta perspectiva e suas influências na realização de uma pesquisa científica. Uma pesquisa relacional, que também pode ser definida como dialógica ou colaborativa, tem como centro de suas preocupações as relações entre as pessoas, o diálogo e o trabalho colaborativo. Embora seus princípios possam ser úteis para vários tipos de investigações, tendemos a considerar que dizem muito mais respeito a pesquisas que envolvem seres humanos, especialmente no âmbito das Ciências Sociais e Humanas. Teoricamente, essas pesquisas se fundamentam em perspectivas chamadas pós-modernas, que tem por características a crítica aos fundamentos da Ciência Moderna e também os estudos construcionistas sociais que partem do princípio de que qualquer conhecimento é construído socialmente. Essas pesquisas não trazem propostas metodológicas pré-definidas e estabelecidas, pelo contrário, convidam os pesquisadores a se abrirem a novos diálogos com seus sujeitos de pesquisa, convidando-os a tornarem-se co-construtores da investigação, criando espaços de inclusão e diversidade dentro dos estudos científicos.
Fatores de Influência na Escolha de Treinamento Seletivo no Internato
Authors: Sobral Dejano T.
Published: June 2021

Resumo: O propósito do estudo foi examinar a configuração de escolha do estágio seletivo no internato do curso de Medicina da Universidade de Brasília, considerando fatores antecedentes à experiência clínica ou dela decorrentes. A população-alvo constituiu-se dos 511 graduandos (55,6% masculinos) de turmas consecutivas num período de nove anos (1994-2002). Os dados foram obtidos ao término do primeiro e do sexto ano analisados por vários procedimentos estatísticos. Os resultados mostraram diferenças marcantes na distribuição dos internos entre as cinco áreas de opção: clínica cirúrgica, clínica médica, pediatria, ginecologista-obstetrícia e medicina comunitária. Foram observados associações significativas entre opção seletiva e sexo, estilo de aprendizagem, preferência inicia, desempenho acadêmico e experiência de monitoria. Análises de regressão logística mostraram padrões explanatórios peculiares a cada opção. O estudo, em conclusão, revelou diferenças significativas na opção do estágio seletivo, que foram associadas a distintos fatores preditivos. Essas diferenças podem refletir aspectos da busca de compatibilidade pessoal, incluindo elementos vivenciais e expectativas sobre o trabalho profissional.
Identidade e Formação Profissional dos Médicos
Authors: Ronzani Telmo Mota , Ribeiro Mário Sérgio
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Fundamentado na teoria da identidade social, este artigo apresenta uma revisão teórica e discute o processo de formação profissional dos médicos em determinado contexto sócio-histórico. A partir de tal contexto, pós-flexneriano, faz-se uma avaliação deste processo e de sua interface com as novas demandas relativas à prática dos médicos, principalmente no que diz respeito à reforma curricular e no Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF). O artigo aponta ainda para as óticas dicotômicas e excludentes na discussão dos aspectos multifatoriais relativos ao processo saúde-doença, sugerindo uma reavaliação crítica dos pressupostos da reforma curricular e do PSF, em especial para a necessidade de superação dos obstáculos ético-epistemológicos para a efetivação de uma prática médica verdadeiramente renovada.
Clinical skills assessment and feedback in pediatric residency
Authors: Auto Bruna de Sá Duarte , Vasconcelos Maria Viviane Lisboa de , Peixoto Ana Lydia Vasco de Albuquerque
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Introduction: A medical residency is the specialization par excellence in medical training and the program is responsible for ensuring that the recently graduated doctor reaches the established level of competence. A well-prepared assessment system with feedback is an effective tool to enhance the performance of future specialists and guarantee their qualification. Objective: To analyze the assessment system for pediatric residents at a university hospital, aiming to promote teaching training in assessment methods. Methodology: educational action research (research-teaching), conducted with teachers and preceptors in the pediatric residency of a university hospital. The stages consisted of: a) the application of a questionnaire on participant profile and assessment methods used to evaluate the medical residents; b) intervention (workshop) on the assessment of clinical skills and feedback; c) immediate assessment after the workshop, by applying another questionnaire based on level 1 of the Kirkpatrick model. Simple statistical analysis was used for the objective data and the content analysis, according to recommendations by Malheiros (2011) and Bardin (2013), for the qualitative part. Result: Ten (48%) of the 21 participants declared not being formally trained in assessment and that they applied the more traditional methods learned from personal experience. Regarding the assessment methods, 81% (17/21) of the participants used more than one, aiming to obtain a more encompassing and reliable assessment. However, none of the teachers/preceptors used a systematized assessment of the clinical skills or provided feedback to the medical residents. After the workshop, with a focus on assessing performance in a simulated ‘Objective Structured Clinical Examination’ (OSCE) environment, all the participants were favorable to apply the OSCE in their teaching-learning practice with residents and undergraduate students, reaching Kirkpatrick level 3. Conclusion: The action research helped identify limitations in the assessment and feedback system of the pediatric resident physician. The methodology used revealed an aggregating effect and contributed to the development of the collaborative and integrative sense in the group. However, it was not enough to positively interfere with the pediatric medical residency assessment in the short term.
Cinema brasileiro e o ensino dos transtornos da personalidade
Authors: Honorato Tabata Galindo , Mazzaia Maria Cristina , Avezani Amanda Carolina Franciscatto , Lotufo Neto Francisco
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Introdução: O uso de filmes comerciais em sala de aula é uma prática comum e acessível. A prática de exibição de filmes para o ensino é definida pelo termo cinemeducation. Objetivo: O presente estudo partiu da hipótese de que o cinemeducation, como metodologia ativa, poderia contribuir para o aprendizado dos transtornos da personalidade (TP) na graduação. Foram ministradas aulas presenciais para 213 estudantes de Medicina, Enfermagem, Psicologia, Fisioterapia e Fonoaudiologia, para avaliar o conhecimento desenvolvido sobre TP. Método: O estudo é transversal e quantitativo, composto por amostras pareadas e dependentes (antes e depois). As etapas foram: 1. aplicação de instrumento avaliativo em forma de questionário (antes); 2. aula composta por exibição de cenas de filmes brasileiros e reflexão e discussão sobre elas; 3. aplicação do mesmo questionário (depois); e 4. análise estatística comparativa entre os resultados. Resultados: O método se mostrou efetivo para o processo ensino-aprendizagem, havendo melhora autorreferida no conhecimento dos estudantes após a aula (questão 1) e melhora observável ao identificarem e conceituarem os TP (questão 3). Além disso, os estudantes referiram, em média, que a estratégia contribuía para a aprendizagem, antes da aula, e mantiveram em média essa opinião, depois (questão 2). Conclusões: Alcançou-se o objetivo proposto porque se utilizou amostra estatisticamente significativa de estudantes, e os resultados confirmaram que o método é efetivo para o ensino. Além disso, a discussão evidenciou que o uso dos filmes pode contribuir para o o aprendizado, condizendo com as características de estudantes da geração atual, uma vez que valoriza o uso de tecnologias em sala de aula e permite o aprendizado crítico-reflexivo e a participação ativa dos sujeitos. As limitações do estudo se referem à escassez de filmes brasileiros contemporâneos que exemplifiquem todos os TP, não havendo cenas representativas para TP esquizotípica, dependente e esquiva. Além disso, considera-se necessário estudo comparativo entre o método tradicional de ensino dos TP e o cinemeducation, de forma a investigar a eficácia deste quando comparado às aulas tradicionais.
Imazapic interaction and mobility in soil cultivated with sugarcane in northeast Brazil
Authors: Assis Fernando Xavier de , Maciel Netto André , Xavier Bruno Toríbio de Lima , Lima Valmir Felix de , Silva João Paulo Siqueira da
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT In the plantation of sugarcane, Imazapic has used pre- or post-emergence, alone or in combination with other herbicides. When applied to the soil in pre-emergence, Imazapic can undergo the sorption, leaching and/or degradation processes due to physical, chemical and biological effects, besides being absorbed by weeds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction and mobility of the Imazapic herbicide in the soil where the soil columns with a dystrophic Yellow Ultisol (YUd) and a dystrophic Red-Yellow Oxisol (RYOd) from northeastern Brazil were used. The higher adsorption potential of the RYOd is associated with higher clay content, higher Fed and Feo concentrations, and soil acidic pH. The CDE – 2 sorption sites model adequately represented the experimental data from the Imazapic breakthrough curves to the RYOd and YUd soils. From the Kd partition coefficients for RYOd and YUd, high values of the GUS index (5.94 and 7.04, respectively) were calculated, confirming the high leaching potential of the Imazapic molecule in these soils.
Leituras da obra machadiana
Authors: Gai Eunice Piazza
Published: June 2021

Resumo A resenha tem como propósito apresentar o livro Machado de Assis - Intérprete da sociedade brasileira, organizado por Juracy Assmann Saraiva e Regina Zilberman. Trata-se de uma coletânea de ensaios em que vários autores (re)discutem a obra de Machado de Assis a partir de diferentes perspectivas.
Internal Colonialism and the Discipline of Comparative Literature in Iran
Authors: Khezri Haidar
Published: June 2021

Abstract This essay studies the history, current, and future status of the discipline of comparative literature in Iran. It compares the theoretical norms of contemporary comparative literature to the Pre-modern Perso-Islamic notion of “comparison,” which has been theorized in Iran and the Arab World as the Arabic, Islamic, and Iranian schools of comparative literature. The article highlights profound institutional and canonical Perso-Shi’a centrism in Iranian academia, and shows how the discipline of comparative literature has been used as a vehicle for transnationalism of this Perso-Shi’a centrism that has manifested in “Persianate World” in the context of European and North American academia. Marshall Hodgson’s 1960s neologism “Persianate World” has been placed with the paradigm shifts ushered in by the linguistic and cultural turns of the 1970s, the postcolonial scholarship that grew from Edward Said’s Orientalism in the late 1990s, and Sheldon Pollock’s formulation of a ‘Sanskrit cosmopolis’ in the 21st century. The article explains how the Persianate comparatists, under the banner of postcolonial studies, not only erased the experience of the subaltern and internally colonialized non-Persians of Iran in favor of the Middle Eastern states in a binary matrix (Western Imperialism versus a “colonialized” Islamic world), but also represents an unrealistic and exaggerated picture of the discipline to Western readers. The article further maps the conversations within the postcolonial Middle East about “internal colonialism,” as an analytic tool for thinking about operations and interlocking systems of power in the Middle East and abroad, here applied to the discipline of comparative literature for the first time.
Em torno dos direitos humanos: veridicção na argumentação literária
Authors: Oliveira Júlio César Souza de
Published: June 2021

Resumo: Segundo o historiador e filósofo social britânico Roman Krznaric, a literatura constitui-se como um dos discursos mais potentes para a inspiração de atos empáticos. No presente trabalho, analisa-se como o enunciador do conto “Balas”, de Rafael Gallo, por meio de procedimentos discursivos largamente empregados na literatura, erige um discurso de alto teor veridictório em defesa dos Direitos Humanos.
“Empathy has biological foundations, but culture determines who will be the subject of that identification”
Authors: Hunt Lynn , Bignotto Cilza , Minchillo Carlos Cortez
Published: June 2021

Abstract: Can literature promote identification with the suffering of others and an empathetic connection between readers and fictional characters? Can this sentiment of sympathy translate into social solidarity and have political consequences? In this interview, professor and historian Lynn Hunt discusses the interplay between literature and human rights and reflects on our relationship to history, the fragility of democracy, and the self and society duality.
Decisiones médicas en enfermedades raras: de su definición estadística a su comprensión social
Authors: Schöngut-Grollmus Nicolás , Energici María Alejandra
Published: June 2021

Resumen Este ensayo teórico pretende analizar las decisiones médicas en el caso de las enfermedades raras. Una decisión médica es un proceso que orienta la producción de un diagnóstico o un tratamiento de salud, utilizando la información y evidencia disponible, en el cual muchas veces se incorporan las preferencias de los pacientes. En el caso de las enfermedades comunes o frecuentes, existe información clara y disponible sobre las distintas alternativas frente a un problema de salud. En el caso de las enfermedades raras, que están estadísticamente definidas como aquellas patologías que tienen prevalencia inferior a 1:2000, no suelen existir tales alternativas. Por la cronicidad y gravedad que este tipo de patologías suelen revestir, la ausencia de posibilidades se convierte en un problema que tiene dimensiones sanitarias y sociales. En este sentido, este artículo propone una transición de una definición estadística de las enfermedades a una definición social, que permita a futuras investigaciones conocer y profundizar en los procesos y efectos sanitarios, psicológicos y sociales sobre las enfermedades raras y su padecimiento.
Vulnerability and health promotion of Haitian immigrants: reflections based on Paulo Freire's dialogic práxis
Authors: Souza Jeane Barros de , Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schulter Buss , Walker Fernanda , Schleicher Maira Lidia , Konrad Angélica Zanettini , Campagnoni Juliana Praxedes
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the perceptions of Haitian immigrants about the possibilities to promote health, in the face of the vulnerabilities they experience. Method: This is a qualitative, participatory action study, based on Paulo Freire's Research Itinerary, which has three phases: thematic investigation; encoding and decoding; critical unveiling. Ten Haitian immigrants, students of a public university in Brazil, participated in the Culture Circle. Results: In the face of vulnerabilities, Haitian immigrants expressed the need to participate in university social groups, to have moments of integration with Brazilians, to know their rights, to master the Portuguese language, to adapt socially and culturally and to the food, to engage in the promotion of mental health and quality of life through physical activities and leisure. Conclusion: The discussions led to a process of action-reflection-action, in which immigrants reframed their reality, looking for strategies to promote health and empowering themselves in the search for a healthier life.
Determinants of neonatal mortality in a municipality of the Zona da Mata in Pernambuco
Authors: Souza Bruno Felipe Novaes de , Sousa Nayara Francisca Cabral de , Sette Gabriela Cunha Schechtman , Lima Ana Paula Esmeraldo , Leal Luciana Pedrosa , Holanda Eliane Rolim de
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the determinants associated with neonatal mortality in a municipality in the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco state. Method: Cross-sectional and analytical study, carried out in the city of Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco. All child deaths reported by the municipality to the Brazilian Mortality Information System between 2011 and 2018 were analyzed. Data were categorized and organized in three dimensions to be subjected to descriptive, bivariate statistics and hierarchical Poisson regression with robust variance. Prevalence ratios were estimated, considering variables with p <0.05 as significant. Results: The determinants associated with neonatal death were: caesarean delivery (PR 0.83; 95% CI 0.75-0.92), birth in the city itself (PR 1.12; 95% CI 1.01-1.25), newborn brown and black race/skin color (PR 1.13; 95% CI 1.001.29), prematurity (PR 1.88; 95% CI 1.79-1.97), and Apgar score <7 in the fifth minute (PR 1.74; 95% CI 1.67-1.82). Conclusion: Biological characteristics such as brown and black race/skin color, prematurity, and Apgar score <7 in the 5th minute after birth, as well as access to health services, such as being born in the municipality itself and not being born by caesarean delivery, were determinants associated with neonatal mortality.
Effects of Different Pollinators on Fruit Set and Quality Attributes of Texas Almond (Prunus dulcis L.) Cultivar
Authors: YAMAN Mehmet , UZUN Aydin
Published: June 2021

There is a positive relationship between pollination and fruit yield of almonds. Since self-incompatibility is a major problem in almond cultivars, foreign pollinators are generally used in almonds to get high yield and quality. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different pollinators (inbreed hybrid combinations) on fruit set and pomological characteristics of Texas almond cultivar in 2018 - 2019 growing seasons. Fruit set ratios varied between 3.6% (Texas × A3) and 5.2% (Texas × A4) in the first year of the study and between 8.0% (Texas × A3) and 13.2% (Texas × A2) in the second year. As the average of two years, the lowest fruit length (32.03 ± 2.45 mm) was observed in Texas × A4 combination and the greatest fruit length (35.31 ± 3.05 mm) was observed in Texas × A1 combination, whereas fruit width values varied between 19.37 ± 2.43 mm and 23.79 ± 1.33 mm. Although pollinators influenced fruit mass values, the greatest value (5.73 ± 0.74 g) was observed in Texas × A3 combination. It was concluded based on present findings that use of A2 cultivar as a pollinator in almond orchards established with Texas cultivar may have positive effects on fruit set.
Detection and Estimation of Genetic and Environmental Parameters through Model Fitting of Ten Bulb Yield Contributing Traits in Onion
Authors: DEB Anil Chandra , ARA Rumman
Published: June 2021

Two onion varieties P2 and P3 and their products F1 and F2 were evaluated in summer and winter seasons for this investigation. Estimated mean values of different traits showed variations from generation to generation in each season. Values of six-parameters viz., m ̂, [d], [h], e1, gd1, gh1 for all the characters were significant except gd1 for a number of leaves, leaf length and bulb volume and also [d] for leaf length and neck length. Overall means ‘m ̂’ had the highest magnitude than [d], [h], e1, gd1 and gh1 for all the characters. Environmental parameter ‘e1’ also exhibited higher magnitude than [d], gd1 and gh1. As the values of [d] and gd1 were found to be non-significant, 4-parameter model was considered for leaf length only. Five-parameter model was considered for neck length, number of leaves and bulb volume and for rest of the traits 6-parameter model was considered. The goodness of fit test showed that 4, 5 and 6-parameter models were not adequate except bulb length and neck length. Therefore, for the development of these two traits in consideration of genotype × environment (G × E) interaction proper design and analysis needs to be done. Due to significant 2 values for other characters the situations becoming more complex as G × E interaction model is inadequate, so for their exact genetic explanation G × E model needs to be extended to include linkage and non-allelic parameters.
Sağlık Tesislerinde Yürütülen Manevi Danışmanlık ve Rehberlik Hizmetleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ERTUNÇ Adem
Published: June 2021

Her geçen gün faaliyet sahasını genişleten Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı’nın son zamanlarda yöneldiği ve çok önem verdiği bir hizmet sahası da sağlık hizmetlerinde yani hastanelerde manevi danışmanlık ve rehberliktir. Bu kapsamda Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı ve Sağlık Bakanlığı arasında bir protokol imzalanmıştır. Bu konuda ne yazık ki geç kalındığımız bir gerçektir çünkü çeşitli ülkelerde bu çalışmalar çok daha önce başlamıştır. Bizim ülkemizde ise ciddi manada uygulanmaya başlanması daha yenidir diyebiliriz. 2015 senesinde pilot şehirlerde başlanan hastanelerde manevi danışmanlık uygulaması bu senede 6 şehirle sınırlıyken bu sayı 2016 senesinde 14’e 2019 senesinde 38’e ve son olarak ise 2021 senesinde 76 şehre çıkarılmıştır. Dinin insanın beden ve ruh sağlığı üzerinde olumlu bir etkisinin olduğu bir gerçektir. Bu yüzdende ülkemizde bu alana olan ilgi gerek kurumsal gerek akademiksel olarak her geçen gün olumlu yönde artış göstermektedir. Biz de bu araştırmamızda sağlık hizmetlerinde Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı’nın ve Sağlık Bakanlığının imzaladığı hizmet işbirliği protokolünün ülkemizde ne derece uygulandığı ve neleri içerdiği, manevi danışmanlığın ve manevi danışmanın neyi ifade ettiğini ele alarak açıklamaya çalışacağız.
Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’i Anlamanın Önemi Vurgulanırken Kırâatinin (Yüzünden Okuma) Önemsizleştirilmesi Sorunu
Authors: ERTUĞAY Recep
Published: June 2021

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’i anlamanın önemi vurgulanırken, farkında olmadan/olarak kıraat önemsizleştirilmektedir. Aynı şekilde kıraatin usulüne uygun olarak gerçekleşmesini sağlayan tecvîd ilmi de bu önemsizleştirmeden payına düşeni almaktadır. Metnin telaffuzu anlamında daha çok ‘hatim okuma’ yönüyle tezahür eden kıraat şekli ‘anlamadan okumak’, ‘boş yere zaman harcamak’ vb. şekillerde kurulan cümlelerle tanımlanmakta bilerek/bilmeyerek faydasız/gereksiz algısı oluşturulmaktadır. Konuyla ilişkili ‘tilâvet’, ‘tertîl’ ve ‘kıraat’ kavramları, ‘lafzın terennümü’ veçhesinden soyutlanmakta mana ‘metnin içeriğini anlamak’ anlamı ile sınırlandırılmaktadır. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in anlaşılmasının gereğinin vurgulanması ‘kıraat’ önemsizleştirilmeden yapılamaz mı? Anlamayı kıraatin ikmâl edici unsuru olarak sunmak mümkün değil mi? Ayrıca anlamadan kasıt nedir? İddia edildiği gibi lafzın terennümü olarak kıraat anlamsız mı? Manaların kalıpları olarak harflerin ve kelimelerin doğru telaffuzu olan tecvîd önemsiz mi? Okumaktan hatta Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in sayfalarına bakmaktan başka bir yeteneği kalmamış bir insanın dünyasında bu tür yaklaşımların olumlu bir tesirinden söz edilebilir mi? Çalışmada âyetler ve ilgili hadisler ışığında bu sorular/sorunlar açısından Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in kıraatini “anlamadan okuma” olarak isimlendiren yaklaşımlar değerlendirilecektir.
el-Hâl et-Tâlevî'nin Şiirindeki Sanatsal İmge (Analitik ve Eleştirel Araştırma)
Authors: HAMİDO Muhammed , SHAWAKH MOHAMAD Akeel
Published: June 2021

Sanatsal imge, şairlerin şiirlerini yazarken, inşa ederken ve kaydederken kullandıkları en önemli araç ve işaretlerden biri olmuştur. Şairler, sanatsal imgeye son derece önem vermekte ve onun oluşumuna, yapımına ve özelliklerine çok özen göstermektedirler.

Bu çalışma, el-Hâl et-Tâlevî'nin şiirindeki sanatsal imgenin özelliklerini ve bu imgedeki övgü, gazel, hiciv ve betimleme gibi edebî türlerin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Şiirlerde kullanılan kelimeler, terkipler, vezinler, kafiyeler, üslup, hayal ve duygu ile ilgili sanatsal özellikler de yine bu çalışma kapsamında ele alınmaktadır. El-Hâl et-Tâlevî'nin şiirindeki sanatsal imgenin, Arap şiiri üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya çıkarmak için bu özellikler eleştirel bir analize tabi tutulmaktadır. Yine bu çalışma, el-Hâl et-Tâlevî'nin şiirindeki sanatsal imgenin özelliklerini, işlevlerini, hayal ile duygu arasındaki ilişkiyi, üslubu, iç ve dış ahengi incelemektedir. Bu çalışmada, şairin hayatı ve şiirlerinde işlenen temalardan da ayrıca bahsedilmektedir
التَّلاقحُ اللُّغويُّ والثَّقافيُّ بين اللُّغتين العربيَّة والتُّركيَّة
Authors: ÜNLÜER Ceyhun , SHOEIR Mohamed Rızk
Published: June 2021

يدور البحث حول موضوع: (التَّلاقحُ اللُّغويُّ والثَّقافيُّ بين اللُّغتين العربيَّة والتُّركيَّة)؛ وهو من الموضوعات المهمَّة في الحقل اللُّغويِّ- بصِفة خاصّة- وفي عدَّة مجالات اجتماعيَّة وثقافيَّة وسياسيَّة وما يتعلَّق بهذه المجالات من نواح أخرى تجاريَّة واقتصاديَّة وغيرها؛ لما للغتين من أهمية عالمية وترابط وتلاحم منذ القدم ويُستحضر في الوقت الرَّاهن، ويمتدُّ إلى المستقبل. ويتكوَّن البحث من: مقدِّمة؛ وفيها تعريف بالموضوع وبيان أهميته والمنهج المتَّبع، ثمَّ يأتي مضمون البحث المتمثِّل في أربعة مباحث؛ المبحث الأوَّل: العلاقات التَّاريخيَّة والثَّقافية بين العرب والتُّرك، المبحث الثَّاني: التَّأثير اللُّغويُّ بين العربيَّة والتُّركيَّة، المبحث الثَّالث: الكلمات التُّركيَّة الَّتي دخلت اللُّغة العربيَّة، المبحث الرَّابع: الكلمات العربيَّة الَّتي دخلت اللُّغة التُّركيَّة، كلّ مبحث يتضمَّن عدِّة مسائل تدور حول الفكرة الرَّئيسة للمبحث، ثمَّ خاتمة فيها تلخيص لأهمِّ ما توصَّل إليه البحث من نتائج، تليها قائمة المصادر والمراجع التَّي اعتمد عليها البحث.
Kur’ân’da İsim ve Fiillerin Birbirine Atfedilmesinin Hikmeti
Authors: TAYFUR Sabğatullah
Published: June 2021

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm, kaideleriyle beraber bütün dilleri yaratan ve insanlığa öğreten Allah tarafından Arapça inmiş bir kitaptır. Dolayısıyla bu dili kurallı ve edebî bir şekilde konuşmak için en önemli ölçü Allah’ın kelâmıdır. Tabi bu durumda ondaki söz dizilimlerinin, Arap dili kurallarıyla uyumlu olması beklenmektedir. Fakat bazı âyetlerde bu uyumun göz ardı edildiği görülmektedir. Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in her türlü bozma ve değiştirmeden korunmuş olmasından dolayı bunların yanlış, hata veya sürçülisan olduğu iddia edilemez. Örneğin Arapçada esas olan ismin isme, fiilin de fiile atfedilmesidir. Çünkü isim ve fiil iki ayrı tür olup, anlam ve gramer açısından kendine has bazı özelliklere sahiptir. Ama nadiren de olsa Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’de ismin fiile, fiilin de isme atfedildiği bazı örneklere rastlamak mümkündür. Çoğu zaman birtakım dilsel yorumlar yapılarak bunları türdeş hale getirmek ve ortak bir paydada buluşturmak imkân dâhilindedir. Fakat bunlar, ister yorumlansın ister ise orijinal haliyle değerlendirilsin bu üslûbun; sözü yenileme, zihindeki monotonluğu giderme ve zengin içerikli mesajlar iletme gibi bazı hikmetler barındırdığı aşikârdır. Bu hususları tespit etme amacıyla kaleme aldığımız bu çalışmanın önem arz ettiğini düşünmekte ve bir nebze de olsa Kur’ân-ı Kerîm’in anlaşılmasına katkı sunacağını ummaktayız.
Sempozyum Tanıtım: İslâm Düşüncesinde Eleştiri Kültürü ve Tahammül Ahlâkı Uluslararası Sempozyumu -III- (M. XII. – XIX. Yüzyıl Arası)
Authors: DOĞAN Hüseyin
Published: June 2021

İnsanoğlu toplumsal bir varlık olarak yaratıldığı dönemden itibaren karşındaki ile konuşma ve ötekiyle diyaloğa geçmenin yollarını aramıştır. Karşıdaki muhatapla konuşan, diyalektik kuran hatta tartışan insan, bu sayede anlamanın, yorumlamanın ve ilmin de kıymetini keşfetmiştir. Öyle ki karşısındaki kişiyi anlamak için onunla empati kurup tahammül gösterebilmek insanî bir edemdir. Zira tahammül etmek, bir taraftan karşı tarafın veya ötekinin inanç, görüş ve yaklaşımlarına saygı duyarak empati dilini geliştirmek, diğer yandan da özne/insanın kendisine yönelttiği eleştiri ve tenkitleri anlayışla karşılayarak tolere edebilmenin imkânını oluşturabilmektir. Hiç kuşkusuz İslâm düşüncesi, ilmî düzeyde diyalektik dilin ve müzakere anlayışının en üst seviyede icrasının ortaya konduğu engin bir havuzu ifade etmektedir. İslâm düşünce geleneğinde inanç, görüş ve düşünceleriyle temayüz etmiş birçok ilim ve fikir insanı, karşı muhatapla yapmış oldukları hemen hemen bütün ilmî cedel ve münazaralarda karşıdakini iyi anlama ve değerlendirmenin gayretinde olmuşlardır. Çünkü karşısındakini veya ötekini iyi anlayıp değerlendirmeden yapılacak her türlü anlam ve yorum girişimleri, sonuç olarak ortaya yararlı ve anlamlı herhangi bir ürün çıkarmayacağı gibi ilmin hedef ve nezaketini derinden sarsacaktır.

Bu yazıda, Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi İslâmî İlimler Fakültesince organize edilen ve yukarıda ifade etmeye çalıştığımız ilmî ve bilimsel gerçekliğe işaret eden çok değerli ve anlamlı Uluslararası bir Sempozyumun tanıtımı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Organizasyon Komitesince, İslâm düşünce geleneğinin belli bir döneminin (M. XII.-XIX. Yüzyıl) ilmî ve fikrî faaliyetlerinin değerlendirilmesinin yapıldığı böylesi bir çalışma, en başta ülkemiz olmak üzere İslâm âlemi için son derece önemlidir.
Osmanlı Klasik Dönemine Ait Bir Manzûm Akâidnâme Örneği: Tācīzāde Sa‘dī Çelebī’nin ‘Aḳâidü’n-Nesefī Üzerine Hazırladığı Manzûme
Authors: ÜNLÜSOY Kamile , ASIM Mohammad Shakib
Published: June 2021

Tācīzāde Sa‘dī Çelebī (ö. 922/1516), Osmanlı’nın siyasî, iktisâdî ve ilmî yönlerden üstün olduğu bir dönemde, Arap dilindeki ustalığıyla şöhret bulan Osmanlı alimlerinden biridir. Onun ‘Aḳâidü’n-Nesefī üzerine hazırladığı 234 beyitlik ‘Aḳāidü Manẓūm, Maturidî geleneğin temel kabullerini ihtiva eden Arapça bir akâidnâmedir. ‘Aḳāidü Manẓūm, ‘Aḳâidü’n-Nesefī üzerine Anadolu’da telif edilen iki manzûm eserden biri olması bakımından kıymetlidir. Bu çalışmada ‘Aḳāidü Manẓūm’un Topkapı Sarayı ve Milli Kütüphane Yazmalar koleksiyonunda bulunan iki farklı nüshası tahkik edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada iki nüsha karşılaştırılarak bilgisayar ortamına aktarıldıktan sonra tercümesi ve değerlendirmesi yapılmış ve ilim dünyasının hizmetine sunulmuştur.
Obituary: René Devisch (1944-2020)
Authors: De Boeck Filip , Van der Geest Sjaak
Published: June 2021

Obituary for René Devisch (1944-2020)
Can the Proof Image Exist in the Absence of the Formal Proof?: Analyses of an Unsuccessful Proving Attempt
Authors: PALA Ozan , AKSOY Esra , NARLI Serkan
Published: June 2021

As proof and proving are the key elements of mathematics, several frameworks evaluating this process have been presented. Proof image, being one of them, was introduced by Kidron and Dreyfus (2014) through analyses of two mathematicians' activities. Authors clarified it in the context of components, and emphasized its relation with formal proof. However, despite mentioning its possibility, they didn’t present any case where proof image exists without the formal proof. This led us investigating dynamics of such cases. Multi-stage sampling was preferred, and 120 pre-service teachers were asked to prove two theorems about algebra firstly. Then, task-based interviews were conducted with 3 participants, who proved both theorems. Moment-by-moment analyses were conducted and sub-dimensions were discussed in detail. Additionally, role of “enlightenment” was reinterpreted and feeling dimension was elaborated. Consequently, it was identified that one participant had an image although she couldn’t reach the formal proof, and her story was presented.
The Connection between Social Media Use and Relationship Satisfaction
Authors: Yahiiaiev Illia , Savych Marta , Keller Vladyslava
Published: June 2021

The active use of social media can potentially jeopardize the quality of romantic relationships. The present study contributes to the existing research body investigating the connection between social media use and relationship satisfaction, by focusing on the users’ social media activity, their relationship visibility, relationship satisfaction and the different types of intimacy. We conducted a web-based data collection where participants (n 418) completed various types of questionnaires, namely the Social Media Use Integration Scale (SMUIS) (Jenkins-Guarnieri, 2013), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener, 1985), the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS) (Hendrick, 1988), Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR) (Schaefer & Olson, 1981), and an additional questionnaire created to study the visibility of romantic relationships on social media. To analyze the collected data, first a correlation analysis was conducted. The findings show that there is a negative correlation between social media activity and romantic relationship satisfaction. Besides, social media activity is negatively associated with emotional, intellectual, recreational and social intimacy. No negative correlation has been found regarding social media activity and sexual intimacy. The correlation analysis also indicates that the users’ visibility on social networks is negatively associated with relationship satisfaction and with all types of intimacy, predominantly with social and recreational intimacy. In the second part of the study, a series of moderated regression analysis were carried out. These analyses have shown that social media activity does not moderate the association between romantic relationships’ visibility on social media and relationship satisfaction.
Achievement motivation and attitude of medical laboratory assistants to continuing education
Authors: Kichukova K. S. , Taneva T. G.
Published: June 2021

Introduction.The problem of improving competence by means of continuing education of health specialists is not sufficiently discussed and studied, especially in terms of medical laboratory assistants. The emphasis of the present study is on the ability to update achievement motivation of laboratory assistants through new opportunities and forms of continuing professional education. Their interest in continuing education indicates an aspiration for improving their professional competence with respect to innovative professional practices including dynamically changing methods, technologies and devices facilitating health examinations that reflect the highly significant results of their work for the health and life of their patients.

Theaimof the present research is to study the achievement motivation of students and medical laboratory technicians and its influence on the main variables and descriptors of the attitude towards continuous learning.

Materials and research methods. The studied persons represent three target groups involved in continuing professional education - in-service medical laboratory assistants, heads of medical laboratories and students enrolled in the programme of Medical Laboratory Assistant at Bulgarian medical colleges. The methodological tools comprise standardised psychological tests, as well as questionnaires developed for the purposes of the specific study.

Results and scientific novelty. The main results support the thesis that motivation for achievement is updated in activities and situations where professional success is subjectively important and there are clear criteria of success or failure. The interest in continuing education depends on the motivation for achievement as a tendency in various individuals.

The higher achievement motivation determines a stronger need to improve professional competences, aspiration to acquire a graduate degree in their professional field, preferences to specialisations as a form of continuing learning and understanding of continuing education as a manifestation of the desire for new knowledge.

The results from the study may enrich the existing research data on the application of achievement motivation theory as an explanatory model of life-long learning behaviour, which may become an effective way to tackle the rapidly ageing and half-life of knowledge in medicine and technology.

Practical significance.The applicability of the results is very clearly visible in the formulated thesis of the necessary change in the educational policy in the country through new forms of continuous education of medical laboratory assistants which would update their achievement motivation and would result in increase in the efficiency of their professional functioning.