bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengembangan Strategi Pembelajaran Menyenangkan “Permainan Bisik Berantai” Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Kelas II di SD Mardi Yuana
Authors: Mariliana Berlian  , Suprayekti  , Retno Widyaningrum
Published: January 2021

Penelitian pengembangan ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan strategi pembelajaranmenyenangkan “permainan bisik berantai” untuk materi animals kelas II SD yangdidalamnya terdapat komponen strategi pembelajaran yaitu urutan kegiatanpembelajaran, metode, media, evaluasi, dan waktu. Penelitian pengembangan inidilakukan dengan mengikuti prosedur model pengembangan ADDIE, terdiri dari limatahap yaitu (1) Analysis: melakukan analisis tujuan pembelajaran dan karakteristikpeserta didik, (2) Design: merencanakan dan merancang komponen-komponenstrategi pembelajaran, (3) Development: mengembangkan strategi pembelajaran yangmenyenangkan “permainan bisik berantai” dengan slide powerpoint untuk matapelajaran Bahasa Inggris, (4) Implementation: melakukan ujicoba kepada para ahli, (5)Evaluation: mengevaluasi hasil pengembangan produk kepada Guru Bahasa InggrisSekolah Dasar untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan strategi pembelajaran tersebut.Penelitian pengembangan ini telah melalui pengimplementasian yang dilakukan olehpara ahli (expert review) dan evaluasi yang mengambil responden yaitu Guru BahasaInggris Sekolah Dasar Mardi Yuana. Dari hasil implementasi yang diujicobakan kepadapara ahli diperoleh nilai untuk materi sebesar 77% (Baik), desain pembelajaran 72%(Baik), dan media sebesar 2,68 (Baik). Sedangkan hasil dari evaluasi ujicoba one to onediperoleh hasil yaitu setiap komponen yang dikembangkan sudah sesuai dan mudahuntuk dipahami. Hasil penelitian pengembangan ini menunjukkan bahwa strategipembelajaran dapat digunakan untuk memfasilitasi siswa dalam proses pembelajaran.
Pengembangan Blended Learning untuk Mata Kuliah Pengembangan Media Sederhana Teknologi Pendidikan
Authors: Imam Alifuddin , Cecep Kustandi  , Retno Widyaningrum
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sebuah prototype blended learning    untuk mata kuliah Pengembangan Media Sederhana di Program Studi Teknologi Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Pengembangan blended learning ini menggunakan model ILDF (Integrative Learning Design Framework) dengan melalui tiga tahapan yaitu eksplorasi, penyusunan dan evaluasi dengan responden yakni ahli materi 1 orang, ahli media 1 orang dan responden one-to-one 5 orang. Dalam penggunaan model ILDF ada 3 tahap yang dilakukan yaitu (1) tahap eksplorasi: menganalisis keadaan yang ada sehingga nantinya akan menjadi acuan dalam mengembangkan pembelajaran blended; (2) tahap penyusunan: melakukan penyusunan produk yang dikembangkan mengacu pada hasil dalam tahap eksplorasi berupa desain pembelajaran  berformat blended, prototype  media pembelajaran dan materi serta program blended learning secara keseluruhan; dan (3) tahap evaluasi: melakukan expert review dengan ahli materi yang menunjukkan hasil yang baik dengan presentase  79,25%, expert review ahli media yang menunjukkan hasil yang baik dengan presentase 85% dan hasil ujicoba responden one-to-one menunjukkan hasil yang baik dengan presentase 70,25%.
Evaluasi Reaksi Dalam Pelaksanaan Program Cool Class Di BTPN Syariah
Authors: Rahmi Citra Lestari  , Mulyadi, M.Pd  , Kunto Imbar Nursetyo, S.Pd
Published: January 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui reaksi peserta dalam pelaksanaan program COOL di BTPN Syariah. Evaluasi reaksi sangat penting untuk melihat sejauhmana tingkat kepuasan Community Officer sebagai peserta COOL Class. Adapun peneliti akan mengevaluasi reaksi dari 9 aspek yaitu pelatih/fasilitator, fasilitas, jadwal, media, metode, materi, konsumsi, latihan/tugas, dan studi kasus. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi reaksi peserta meggunakan model evaluasi menurut Donald L. Kirkpatrick pada level satu yaitu reaksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 sumber data yaitu kuesioner dengan 48 responden dan wawancara dengan 1 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner dan melakukan wawancara. Hasil data menunjukkan bahwa peserta COOL puas terhadap program COOL Class yang dilaksanakan oleh BTPN Syariah. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan program COOL Class memberi dampak positif bagi Community Officer. Hasil penelitian dapat dijadikan bahan evaluasi BTPN Syariah dalam penyelenggaraan program pelatihan selanjutnya.
Improving The Competency of Automotive Vocational Teachers with Partnership-Based Training Model (PBK)
Authors: Bambang Sudarsono  , Santosa Budi , Sofyan Herminarto
Published: January 2021

Entering the XXI Century, Industrial Revolution 4.0, and Society 5.0. Improving the quality of human resources is a top priority in meeting the demands of the workforce and the automotive industry. Produce the competencies needed by automotive vocational teachers who master these competencies and are by the needs of the industrial world. This research is designed to produce a partnership-based training model that can be applied and can improve the competence of automotive teachers according to the needs of the automotive industry. This development research consists of two stages, namely the development and validation stages involving vocational education experts, automotive vocational teachers, and industrial practitioners in interviews, Focus Group Discussion activities, and filling out questionnaires. The research subjects were 72 automotive vocational school teachers in Central Java and West Java. The application of this model was carried out in three national automotive industries (the sole agent of the brand holders). The partnership-based training model consists of 6 stages: (1) Information and Communication Learning Activities; (2) Facilitation; (3) Assistance; (4) Monitoring; (5) Process Evaluation and (6) Results Evaluation. A partnership-based training model can be applied and has received a very good response from automotive participants/ teachers. Based on the questionnaire responses, participants / automotive vocational teachers strongly agree that partnership-based training is applied in the training program. While the competency aspects of attitudes, knowledge, and work skills were achieved with 80% of participants achieving good criteria.
Racism, Psycho-Social Stress, and Health-related Quality of Life
Authors: Salihu Hamisu M , Salinas-Miranda Abraham A. , King Lindsey M. , Dongarwar Deepa , Yusuf Korede K. , Ibrahimi Sahra , Ikedionwu Chioma A. , Berry Estrellita Lo
Published: January 2021

There is a paucity of information on the intermediate behavioral pathways linking exposure to racial discrimination with negative health outcomes among racial and ethnic minority populations in low income settings. This study examined the association between experiences of discrimination and the number of unhealthy days due to physical or mental illness and whether alcohol use influenced the association. A community needs assessment was conducted from 2013-2014 within a low-income community in Florida. Structural equation modeling was performed using maximum likelihood estimation with robust standard errors. In a total of 201 observations, path analyses uncovered significant positive indirect associations (p<0.05) between perceived discrimination and unhealthy days through perceived stress, sleep disturbances, and chronic illness. Although a maladaptive mechanism, alcohol use was a strong buffer on the effects of racism on stress.

Key words: • Racism • Psychosocial stress • Quality of life • Mental illness

 

Copyright © 2020 Salihu et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
La sostenibilidad económica de las ayudas al turismo rural del Método Leader en áreas de montaña: dos casos de estudio españoles (Valle del Jerte y Sierra de Gata, Extremadura)
Authors: Engelmo Moriche Angela , Nieto Masot Ana , Mora Aliseda Julian
Published: January 2021

Extremadura recibe desde hace 25 años fondos de la Unión Europea, aplicados bajo el Método Leader, encaminados a mantener la población y a complementar las rentas agrarias de las zonas rurales. Una de las actividades que más se ha promocionado ha sido el turismo mediante la creación de una oferta (alojamientos y de servicios de restauración), que sirva de soporte para satisfacer las necesidades de una creciente demanda. Sin embargo, el estudio del mantenimiento de dichas infraestructuras ha sido escasamente analizado dentro de la comunidad científica, y, por ello, este estudio tiene el objetivo de analizar el éxito y la permanencia de las empresas de alojamientos y restauración en dos de los Grupos Leader de la región extremeña con mayor inversión: Sierra de Gata y Valle del Jerte. Todo ello, mediante diferentes análisis estadísticos y de correlación que permitan no solo comprobar el grado de éxito, sino también que variables de contexto están favoreciendo al mantenimiento de estas empresas. Los resultados obtenidos indican, como media, que el 50 % de los negocios turísticos cofinanciados siguen activos, con diferencias entre los dos territorios estudiados y que variables como el índice de vejez, el tamaño de la población, la renta por hogar o la inversión realizada afectan directamente a la supervivencia de las infraestructuras financiadas.
Prevalence of Dental Caries in Pakistan. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Siddiqui Ammar Ahmed , Alshammary Freah , Mulla Mushir , Al-Zubaidi Saad M. , Afroze Eman , Amin Junaid , Amin Salman , Shaikh Sameer , Madfa Ahmed A. , Alam Mohammad Khursheed
Published: January 2021

BackgroundOptimum oral health is impossible to achieve without managing dental caries. The first step to manage dental caries at a community level is to know its prevalence and trend. Unfortunately, the prevalence of dental caries at the national/regional level is not known in many developing countries. Pakistan is no exception. The present meta-analysis was planned to document the prevalence of dental caries at the national, as well as regional level. This paper will serve as a baseline for making future health policies, and health promotion activities in the country.MethodsLiterature was searched through various databases, such as PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of science using: "Prevalence", "Dental Caries", "Dental Decay" and "Severity" as keywords. Any study that reported the prevalence of dental caries, and was conducted in the Pakistani population was included. Thirty studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Quality assessment of all the included studies was performed using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies. MedCalc software was used to analyze the data.ResultsIn total 26952 subjects were included in a meta-analysis from 30 studies. The prevalence estimate of dental caries at the national level was 56.62 % (95% CI: 49.54 to 63.57). The I2 value was 99.07% (95% CI: 98.94 to 99.18), (I2 > 75%) indicating heterogeneity, hence pooled proportion was reported using a random-effect model. The prevalence estimate of dental caries in Sindh was 58.946% (95% CI: 43.796 to 73.274), and in Punjab, it was 55.445% (95% CI: 44.174 to 66.44), whilst in Baluchistan and KPK combined was 51.168% (95% CI: 22.930 to 79.004). ConclusionBased on the existing data nearly 60 % of the Pakistani population have dental caries. The proportion is almost the same in all provinces. Most of the included studies were found to be of high risk.
Prevalence of Multimorbidity in Adults with Cancer, and Associated Health Service Utilization in Ontario, Canada: A Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Kone Anna , Scharf Deborah
Published: January 2021

Background: The majority of people with cancer have at least one other chronic health condition. With each additional chronic disease, the complexity of their care increases, as does the potential for negative outcomes including premature death. In this paper, we describe cancer patients’ clinical complexity (i.e., multimorbidity; MMB) in order to inform strategic efforts to improve care and outcomes for people with cancer of all types and commonly occurring chronic diseases. Methods: We conducted a population-based, retrospective cohort study of adults diagnosed with cancer between 2003 and 2013 (N=601,331) identified in Ontario, Canada healthcare administrative data. During a five to 15-year follow-up period (through March 2018), we identified up to 16 co-occurring conditions and patient outcomes including health service utilization and death. Results: MMB was extremely common, affecting more than 91% of people with cancer. Nearly one quarter (23%) of the population had five or more co-occurring conditions. While we saw no differences in MMB between sexes, MMB prevalence and level increased with age. MMB prevalence and type of co-occurring conditions also varied by cancer type. Overall, MMB was associated with higher rates of health service utilization and mortality, regardless of other patient characteristics, and specific conditions differentially impacted these rates.Conclusions: People with cancer are likely to have at least one other chronic medical condition and the presence of MMB negatively affects health service utilization and risk of premature death. These finds can help motivate and inform health system advances to improve care quality and outcomes for people with cancer and MMB due to commonly occurring chronic conditions.
Smartphone Addiction and Associated Factors among Postgraduate Students in an Arabic Sample: A Cross-sectional Study.
Authors: Alageel Asem , Alyahya Rayyan , Bahatheq Yasser , Alzunaydi Norah , Alghamdi Raed , Alrahili Nader , McIntyre Roger , Iacobucci Michelle
Published: January 2021

Background:Smartphone addiction and other behavioral addictions have been established to accompany social, physical, and mental health issues. In this article, we will be investigating the prevalence of smartphone addiction among postgraduate students as well as assessing its relationship to social demographics, depression, ADHD, and nicotine dependence.Objectives:· The prevalence of smartphone addiction among middle eastern postgraduate students.· Ascertain the associated factors of smartphone addiction.· Measure the incidence of MDD, ADHD, insomnia, and nicotine addiction among postgraduate students with smartphone addiction.Methods:A Cross-sectional online survey, a self-questionnaire is divided into six sections; Socio-demographics, the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS) Patient Health Questionnaire for Depression (PHQ9). Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) the Fagerstrom Test for Cigarette Dependence Questionnaire (FTCd) and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1)Results:51.0% of the participants had smartphone addiction. There’s a significant association between high smartphone use and MDD (p=0.001). 41.5% of smokers are addicted to smartphones (p=0.039). Smartphone addicts have about two times the risk of developing insomnia (OR= 2.113) (P= 0.013). Smartphone addicts had a significant risk of developing ADHD symptoms (OR =2.712) (P <0.001). Conclusion:Confirming several studies, we found a positive association between Insomnia, Depression, Adult ADHD, and Smartphone addiction. Therefore, we encourage the scientific community to study the impacts of smartphone addiction and the mental health of post-graduate students.
AI-Quantum Phases on Chern-Simons Topological Geometrics for the Generation of A Ligand Targeting COVID-19-SARS-COV-2 SPIKE D614G Binding Sites.
Authors: Grigoriadis Ioannis
Published: January 2021

SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the viral spike (S) encoding a SARS-COV-2 SPIKE D614G mutation protein predominate over time in locales revealing the dynamic aspects of its key viral processes where it is found, implying that this change enhances viral transmission. It has also been observed that retroviruses infected ACE2-expressing cells pseudotyped with SG614 that is presently affecting a growing number of countries markedly more efficiently than those with SD614. The availability of newer powerful computational resources, molecular modeling techniques, and cheminformatics quality data have made it feasible to generate reliable algebraic calculations to design new chemical entities, merging chemicals, fragmentizing natural products, and a lot of other substances fuelling further development and growth of this AI-quantum based drug design field to balance the trade-off between the structural complexity and the quality of such biophysics predictions that cannot be obtained by any other method. In this paper, we strongly combine topology geometric methods targeting at the atomistic level the protein apparatus of the SARS-COV-2 virus that are simple in machine learning anti-viral characteristics, to propose computer-aided rational drug design strategies efficient in computing docking usage, and powerful enough to achieve very high accuracy levels for this in-silico effort for the generation of the AI-Quantum designed molecule the RoccustyrnaTM small molecule, a multi-targeting druggable scaffold (1S,2R,3S)‐2‐({[(1S,2S,4S,5R)‐4‐ethenyl‐4‐sulfonylbicyclo[3.2.0] heptan‐2‐yl]oxy}amino)‐3‐[(2R,5R)‐5‐(2‐methyl‐6‐methylidene‐6,9‐dihydro‐3H‐purin‐9‐yl)‐3‐methylideneoxolan‐2‐yl]phosphirane‐1‐carbonitrile targeting the COVID-19-SARS-COV-2 SPIKE D614G mutation using Chern-Simons Topology Euclidean Geometric in a Lindenbaum-Tarski generated QSAR automating modeling and Artificial Intelligence-Driven Predictive Neural Networks.
Super-Resolved Fluorescence Imaging of Peripheral Nerve
Authors: Hernández Iván Coto , Mohan Suresh , Jowett Nate
Published: January 2021

Traditional histopathologic evaluation of peripheral nerve employs brightfield microscopy with diffraction limited resolution of ~ 250 nm. Though electron microscopy yields nanoscale resolution of the nervous system, it is resource-intensive and incompatible with life. Super-resolution microscopy (SRM) comprises a set of imaging techniques permitting unprecedented resolution of fluorescent objects using visible light. The advent of SRM has transformed biomedical science in establishing non-toxic means for investigation of nanoscale cellular structures. Herein, sciatic nerve sections from GFP-variant expressing mice, and regenerating human nerve from cross-facial autografts labelled with a myelin-specific fluorescent dye were imaged by super-resolution radial fluctuation microscopy, stimulated emission depletion microscopy, and structured illumination microscopy. Super-resolution imaging of axial cryosections of murine sciatic nerves demonstrated robust visualization of myelinated and unmyelinated axons. Super-resolution imaging of axial cryosections of human cross-facial nerve grafts demonstrated enhanced resolution of small-calibre thinly-myelinated regenerating motor axons. The utility of SRM in imaging of mammalian cranial and peripheral nerves is demonstrated. The increase in contrast and structural clarity achievable with super-resolution techniques enables visualization of unmyelinated axons, regenerating axons, cytoskeleton ultrastructure, and neuronal appendages using light microscopes.
Engineering atomic-scale magnetic fields by dysprosium single atom magnets
Authors: Singha Aparajita , Willke Philip , Bilgeri Tobias , Zhang Xue , Brune Harald , Donati Fabio , Heinrich Andreas , Choi Taeyoung
Published: January 2021

Atomic scale engineering of magnetic fields is a key ingredient for miniaturizing quantum devices and precision control of quantum systems. This requires a unique combination of magnetic stability and spin-manipulation capabilities. Surface-supported single atom magnets offer such possibilities, where long temporal and thermal stability of the magnetic states can be achieved by maximizing the magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) and by minimizing quantum tunnelling of the magnetization. Here, we show that dysprosium (Dy) atoms on magnesium oxide (MgO) have a giant MAE of 250 meV, currently the highest among all surface spins. Using a variety of scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) techniques including single atom electron spin resonance (ESR), we confirm no spontaneous spin-switching in Dy over days at ~1 K under low and even vanishing magnetic field. We utilize these robust Dy single atom magnets to engineer magnetic nanostructures, demonstrating unique control of magnetic fields with atomic scale tunability.
A Survey of Psychiatric Undergraduates' Attitude Towards Psychiatry
Authors: li xiao , kuang li , ai ming
Published: January 2021

Objective To explore the attitudes of psychiatric undergraduates toward psychiatry. Methods A total of 434 psychiatric undergraduates in Chongqing medical university were investigated with a questionnaire. Results Although in general, psychiatric undergraduates showed a positive attitude towards psychiatry, opinions about certain aspects like the reputation of psychiatry and the income were not positive. Conclusion: There are still some misunderstandings for psychiatry even among psychiatric undergraduates, some of which are based on false beliefs that should be actively targeted for remediation．
Identification of Long Noncoding RNAs in Distinct Subtypes of Mouse Retinal Ganglion Cells 
Authors: Ayupe Ana , Beckedorff Felipe , Levay Konstantin , Shiekhattar Ramin , Park Kevin
Published: January 2021

Background: Emerging evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of various biological processes, and their expression can be altered following certain pathological conditions, including central nervous system injury. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), whose axons form the optic nerve, are a heterogeneous population of neurons with more than 20 molecularly distinct subtypes. While most RGCs, including the ON-OFF direction-selective RGCs (ooDSGCs), are vulnerable to axonal injury, a small population of RGCs, including the intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs), are more resilient. Results: By performing systematic analyses on RNA-sequencing data, here we identify lncRNAs that are expressed in ooDSGCs and ipRGCs with and without axonal injury. Our results reveal a repertoire of different classes of lncRNAs, including long intergenic noncoding RNAs and antisense ncRNAs that are differentially expressed between these RGC types. Strikingly, we also found dozens of lncRNAs whose expressions are altered markedly in response to axonal injury, some of which are expressed exclusively in either one of the subtypes. Moreover, analyses into these lncRNAs unraveled their neighboring coding genes, many of which encode transcription factors and signaling molecules, suggesting that these lncRNAs may act in cis to regulate important biological processes in these neurons. Lastly, guilt-by-association analysis showed that lncRNAs are correlated with apoptosis associated genes, suggesting potential roles for these lncRNAs in RGC survival.Conclusions: Overall, the results of this study reveal RGC type-specific expression of lncRNAs and provide a foundation for future investigation of the function of lncRNAs in regulating neuronal type specification and survival.
Implementing a New Dose-response Model for Estimating Infection Probability of Campylobacter Jejuni based on the Key Events Dose-response Framework
Authors: Abe Hiroki , Takeoka Kohei , Fuchisawa Yuto , Koyama Kento , Koseki Shigenobu
Published: January 2021

Understanding the dose-response relationship between ingested pathogenic bacteria and infection probability is a key factor for appropriate risk assessment of foodborne pathogens. The objectives of this study were to develop and validate a novel mechanistic dose-response model for Campylobacter jejuni and simulate the underlying mechanism of foodborne illness during digestion. Bacterial behavior in the human gastrointestinal environment, including gastric reductions, transition to intestines, and invasion to intestinal tissues, was described using a Bayesian statistical model based on the reported experimental results of each process while considering physical food types (liquid or solid) and host age (young or elderly). Combining the models in each process, the relationship between pathogen intake and the cell invasion probability of C. jejuni was estimated and compared with reported epidemiological dose-response relationships. Taking food types into account, estimations of the cell invasion probability of C. jejuni successfully described the reported dose-response relationships from substantial accidents. The developed calculation framework is thus potentially applicable to other pathogens to quantify the dose-response relationship from experimental data obtained from digestion.
Time-resolved single-shot revealing pulse evolution dynamics in ultrafast lasers
Authors: Xian Tianhao , Wang Wenchao , Zhan Li
Published: January 2021

Mode-locked lasers are the ideal source for precise measurements, from frequency combs to precise timing, which relies on the accurate control of the intracavity parameters in the lasers to stabilize the pulse. However, by the lack of accurate measurements, the interplays between intracavity parameters and the mode-locked pulse is still not real-time observable. Here, using the dispersive temporal interferometer, we report a method to single-shot probe the pulse evolution dynamics in time domain in the mode-locked laser. As a typical example, we demonstrate the first single-shot observation on the roundtrip time and phase evolutions of intracavity pulse during its buildup and relaxation. Three distinct evolution regimes for pulse buildup are unveiled for the first time. Moreover, the physical mechanism of the time-location and phase changes in these three regimes has also been analyzed, respectively. Our researches present a novel method to observe the intracavity-parameters-to-pulse interaction, which will improve laser design, ultrafast diagnostics, and nonlinear optics.
Prioritizing Causal Risk Factors for Severe COVID-19: An Exhaustive Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Sun Yitang , Zhou Jingqi , Ye Kaixiong
Published: January 2021

Identifying causal risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is critical for its prevention and treatment. Many associated pre-existing conditions and biomarkers have been reported, but these observational associations suffer from confounding and reverse causation. Here, we perform a large-scale two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to evaluate the causal roles of many traits in severe COVID-19. Our results highlight multiple body mass index (BMI)-related traits as risk-increasing: BMI (OR:1.89, 95% CI:1.51–2.37), hip circumference (OR:1.46, 1.15–1.85), and waist circumference (OR:1.82, 1.36–2.43). Our multivariable MR analysis further shows that the BMI-related effect is driven by fat mass (OR:1.63, 1.03–2.58), but not fat-free mass (OR:1.00, 0.61–1.66). Several white blood cell counts are negatively associated with severe COVID-19, including those of neutrophils (OR:0.76, 0.61–0.94), granulocytes (OR:0.75, 0.601–0.93), and myeloid white blood cells (OR:0.77, 0.62–0.96). Furthermore, some circulating proteins are associated with an increased risk of (e.g., zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein) or protection from severe COVID-19 (e.g., interleukin-3/6 receptor subunit alpha). Our study shows that fat mass and white blood cells underlie the etiology of severe COVID-19. It also identifies risk and protective factors that could serve as drug targets and guide the effective protection of high-risk individuals.
Evaluating the Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Rehabilitation Methods for Patients with Stroke
Authors: Miri Farzaneh , Jahanmehr Nader , Goudarzi Reza
Published: January 2021

Aims: This study evaluated and compared the cost-effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions in patients with stroke in the three alternatives of hospitals, units and homes due to the fact that one of the stroke management challenges is how to provide a rehabilitation service to these patients in Iran. Methods: This is a cost-effectiveness analysis from the perspective of a health system. A Markov model with a 20-year time horizon in 3-month cycles was used to analyze the costs and outcomes. Cost data were collected from the 210 patients undergoing rehabilitation in the hospital, home and unit. Utility data were extracted from previously published literature with the same setting. The cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted by calculating ICER using TreeAge Software. Basic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were also conducted at the end. Results: The average cost of rehabilitation in home strategy ($ 2306) was less than hospital ($2955) and unit ($3485) strategies. Furthermore, the utility of home strategy (26.03) was 8 units higher than hospital utility (17.99) and 19 units higher than utility of the stroke unit (7.03). The Acer values of hospital, stroke unit and home groups were $11424, $33159 and $7233 per utility, respectively. According to the results, the home-based rehabilitation strategy is cost effective compared to hospital and unit rehabilitation strategy. The results of the probabilistic sensitivity analysis also showed that the ICER of home strategy is always cost-effective than the other strategies. Limitation: : limitation of the present study was the reliance on utility values of other studies. Conclusion: Rehabilitation at home is the most cost-effective strategy for stroke patients. Given the high rates of this disease in Iran and the high cost of it, it is suggested that policy makers lay the groundwork for providing these services at home.
Assessment Of Practice Of Breast Self-Examination And Associated Factors Among Health Science Female Students Of Ambo University: Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Gemechu Yohannes Bacha , Gochole Jatani Mitiku
Published: January 2021

Background: Breast Self-Examination is process whereby women examine their breasts regularly to detect any abnormal swelling or lumps in order to seek prompt medical attention. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women globally and the second commonest cancer overall. The aim of this study was to assess practice of breast self-examination and associated factors among Health science female students at Ambo University in 2019.Methodology: - Institutional based cross-sectional survey was carried out among Health science female students at Ambo University in 2019. Data was collected by using a pre tested and pretested self-administered questionnaires. The response was systematically tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 20, and explanations were given separately.Result- A total of 150 respondents participated in the study, of these 80 (53.3%) of them had good knowledge and only 67(44.7%) of the respondents had practiced BSE before. Among study participants whose families had breast cancer, practice BSE 2.12 times more than study participants whose families didn’t have his tory of breast cancer (AOR=2.12; 95% CI, 1.09–3.95, P=0.044). Those who had good knowledge toward BSE were 5.5 times more likely to practice BSE than those who had poor knowledge (AOR=9.5; 95% CI, 5.5–18.8, P=0.002).Conclusions- The overall knowledge of female students towards breast self-examination was 62%. This study showed that only 67(44.7%) of the study participants ever practiced BSE. The independeent predictors of breast self examination was family history of breast cancer and knowledge how to perform breast self examination.
Integrative Analysis of Key Candidate Genes and Signaling Pathways in Acute Coronary Syndrome Related to Obstructive Sleep Apnea by bioinformatics
Authors: Shi Yanxi , Jiang Zhengye , Jiang Liqin
Published: January 2021

Background: Although obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been clinically reported to be associated with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the pathogenesis between the two is unclear. Herein, we analyzed and screened out the prospective molecular marker.Methods: To explore the candidate genes, as well as signaling cascades involved in ACS related to OSA, we extracted the integrated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the intersection of genes from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts and text mining, followed by enrichment of the matching cell signal cascade through DAVID analysis. Moreover, the MCODE of Cytoscape software was employed to uncover the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the matching hub gene.Results: A total of 17 and 43 integrated human DEGs in unstable Angina (UA) and myocardial infarction (MI) group associated with OSAs were uncovered, respectively, that met the criteria of |log2 fold change (FC)| ≥1, adjusted P <0.01. After PPI network construction, the top five hub genes associated with UA were extracted, including APP, MAPK3, MMP9, CD40 and CD40LG, whereas those associated with MI were PPARG, MAPK1, MMP9, AGT, and TGFB1.Conclusions: The establishment of the above-mentioned candidate key genes, as well as the enriched signaling cascades provides promising molecular marker for OSA-related ACS, which may help the diagnosis and treatment of ACS patients in the future.
First trimester mean arterial blood pressure is associated with placenta accreta: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Fengge , Qu Miaomiao , Zhu Liangxi , Dong Fangxiang , Liu Miao , Su Chunlong , Yu Tiantian , Man Dongmei , Chen Shuxiong
Published: January 2021

Objective

The present study investigated whether first trimester mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) differed among pregnancies with placenta accreta and healthy pregnancies.
Methods

We recruited 152 pregnant females from 1 January 2016 to 30 January 2020 in the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University in this study, including 41 cases of placenta accreta pregnancies and 111 cases of BMI- and age-matched healthy pregnant controls. First trimester MAPs were acquired from laboratory data files of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the probable risk predictor of placenta accreta.
Results

The performance of MAP was lower in healthy pregnancies. The MAP of the placenta accreta group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p = 0.001 < 0.05). Our results also showed that MAP was significantly positively associated with placenta accreta after adjusting for age, BMI, fertilization type, gestational week at time of blood pressure measurement, and previous cesarean section history (odds ratio [OR]: 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.69; p = 0.0013 < 0.05). In addition, smoking during pregnancy (OR: 7.57; 95% CI: 1.41–40.72; p = 0.018 < 0.05) and previous cesarean section history (OR: 2.57; 95% CI: 1.19–5.54; p = 0.016 < 0.05) were significantly positively associated with placenta accreta.
Conclusions

Increased first trimester MAP was significantly positively associated with placenta accreta, suggesting the potential role of MAP in identifying high-risk pregnancies for placenta accreta. Smoking during pregnancy and previous cesarean section history may be risk factors for placenta accreta.
Hydatid cysts of the liver rupture into the peritoneal cavity: Fifteen cases and review of the literature
Authors: MEJRI Atef , ARFAOUI Khaoula , SAAD Sarra , RCHIDI Jasser , OMRI Ahmed , MSEDDI Mohamed Ali
Published: January 2021

BackgroundHydatid cyst is an infectious disease caused mainly by E. Granulosus, which is generally considered benign, however, the rupture of the hepatic Hydatid Cyst to the abdominal cavity is a life-threatening incident that requires urgent and multidisciplinary management (emergency physician, radiologists, aneasthetists and surgeons). This study aims to describe the various clinical and paraclinical features of ruptured liver hydatid cyst in the peritoneal cavity, and to detail the appropriate treatment.Materials and MethodsFifteen cases of ruptured liver hydatid cyst into the abdominal cavity that underwent urgent surgery were collected over a period of eight years. Results There were nine men and six women. The average age was 38 years. Two patients were admitted with abdominal trauma. All patients presented with acute abdominal pain. Only one patient had anaphylactic shock. Abdominal ultrasound showed discontinuous cyst wall and intraperitoneal fluid in 100% of cases. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed discontinuous cyst wall with intraperitoneal fluid in 100% of cases. Intraoperatively, the intraperitoneal fluid was clear in thirteen cases and purulent in two. All patients underwent unroofing procedure associated with intra-operative peritoneal lavage and external drainage. The mean hospital stay was 6.11 days and the mean follow-up was 19 months. No case of recurrence was reported among the patients.ConclusionRupture of a hydatid cyst in the abdominal cavity should be considered as a differential diagnosis in every case of an acute abdominal pain, especially in endemic areas and in presence of an allergic reaction or signs of anaphylactic shock. Combined medical and surgical care starting in the emergency room is the only guarantee of a good outcome.
Motivation, Interaction, and Teaching Strategy of the Teachers Dealing with Autism Spectrum Disorder Children
Authors: Kapoor Rati , Singh Arpit , Pradhan Manas Ranjan
Published: January 2021

Caregivers such as teachers and parents have a huge impact on children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). 10 in-depth semi-structured interviews with teachers explored motivation, interaction and teaching strategy among teachers dealing with children with Autism. Study showed that the teachers lack in-depth knowledge or practice session or course regarding Autism despite their education. With work experience as teacher or therapist they gain insight on Autism. Study found some unique ways of interaction among teachers and children such as sign language and picture method. Also, no specific teaching strategy was used, as every teacher uses different strategy for different child. Further research is required for deep awareness and teaching development programmes so that they can help children with Autism.
The Mechanism of Cartilage Regeneration by Buffy Coat and the Pre-clinical Study
Authors: Song Guo , Gurung Kumar , Fu ShouYong , Jin GuangWen , Jin Longhao
Published: January 2021

BackgroundAutologous bone marrow buffy coat transplantation possesses obvious advantages in the therapy of large cartilage defects and osteoarthritis. However, there is no definite research on the specific effective components of bone marrow buffy coat and its mechanism of cartilage regeneration. Moreover, as the crucial cartilage regenerative cell in bone marrow buffy coat, mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) are difficult to fix onto the damaged cartilage area without damaging the subchondral bone. We assessed the effect of using hyaluronic acid(HA) as a liquid scaffold mixed with autologous bone marrow buffy coat to fix cartilage defect.Methods and MaterialsWe extracted the bone marrow from the anterior superior iliac crest of the white New Zealand rabbit, centrifuged to obtain a buffy coat, and analyzed the components of buffy coat by ELISA. Buffy coat+HA group, MSC+HA group, MSC+TGF-β+HA group were cultured in vitro and observed by staining. In addition, we made damage to the femoral condyle of rabbits, and divided them into groups: HA group, buffy coat group, buffy coat with HA group. Each group was assessed for cartilage regeneration by visual observation, histological and immunohistochemical analysis at 4 weeks and 8 weeks, and biochemical analysis at 8 weeks postoperatively. One-way ANOVA and LSD were used for statistic analysis.ResultsBuffy coat have a variety of growth factors, inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors that stimulate the MSCs’ regeneration. Buffy coat can differentiate into cartilage without TGF-β stimulation in vitro. The cartilage regeneration ability of buffy coat and buffy coat+HA is strong, and the combination of buffy coat and liquid scaffold HA can make cartilage formation ability more stable in vivo.ConclusionMSC, multiple growth factors and cytokines in buffy coat synergistically promote cartilage regeneration. Liquid scaffold HA enhances the effect of buffy coat on cartilage attachment and regeneration of cartilage defects.
Case report: Compound heterozygous mutations in AP4M1 gene identified in a Chinese infant with Infantile Spasms and Global developmental delay
Authors: Zhang Lily , Jin Xingbing , Wang Yaqin , He Yan , Li Haoyu
Published: January 2021

Background: Adaptor protein complex-4 (AP-4), a heterotetrameric protein complex, plays an important role in vesicle trafficking in neurons. Mutations in genes affecting different subunits of AP-4, including AP4B1, AP4E1, AP4S1, and AP4M1, have been recently associated with spastic tetraplegia, developmental delay and intellectual disability (ID).Case presentation: We report on a Chinese patient with infantile spasms, infantile hypotonia and global developmental delay. Exome sequencing showed compound heterozygous mutations in AP4M1(c.19A>G, p.I7V and c.137C>T, p.P46L).Conclusions: This is the first case of biallelic missense variants lay on the region encoding LH domain, which is important for membrane trafficking via protein–protein and intramolecular binding specificities. Our study expands the molecular spectrum associated with AP-4 deficiency syndrome, and reviews the clinical features of reported patients with AP4M1 mutations.
Association Between Social Participation and Physical Disability Among the Elderly in China: a Longitudinal Fixed-effects Analysis
Authors: Zeng Yanbing , Que Shuang , Fang Ya
Published: January 2021

Background: There are limited data on the causal relationship between social participation and physical disabilities among the elderly ≥65 in China. Objective: To investigate the associations between the intensity and diversity of social participation and physical disabilities and how these differ between subgroups of gender and educational attainment.Methods: We analyzed data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) 2008-2018, including 9412 observations. Physical disability was measured using the degree of limitations in the activities of daily living (ADLs). Social participation (i.e., housework, outdoor activities, raising domestic animals, playing cards and/or mahjong and so on) was divided into household, leisure, and sociable types. A fixed-effects model was adopted.Results: The elderly participating in social activities were at lower risk of developing physical disabilities (β=2.692, p<0.001). High participation intensity was associated with a reduction in physical disability for the female (β=0.037, p<0.001) and illiterate elderly (β=0.036, p<0.001). Raising domestic animals in household type was associated with an increase in physical disability among the female (β=-0.200, p<0.01) and illiterate elderly (β=-0.196, p<0.01). Playing cards and/or mahjong in sociable type was associated with a reduction in physical disability among the male elderly (β=0.120, p<0.05) and the elderly with primary school education (β=0.130, p<0.05).Conclusion: These associations between the intensity and diversity of social participation and physical disability might be causal in nature. And that associations differed by gender and educational attainment. Not all forms of social participation could benefit physical ability among the elderly, especially for the female and illiterate.
Fast and Efficient Rmap Assembly using the Bi-labelled de Bruijn Graph
Authors: Mukherjee Kingshuk , Rossi Massimiliano , Salmela Leena , Boucher Christina
Published: January 2021

Genome wide optical maps are high resolution restriction maps that give a unique numeric representation to a genome. They are produced by assembling hundreds of
thousands of single molecule optical maps, which are called Rmaps. Unfortunately, there exists very few choices for assembling Rmap data. There exists only one publicly-available non-proprietary method for assembly and one proprietary method that is available via an executable. Furthermore, the publicly-available method, by Valouev et al. (2006), follows the overlap-layout-consensus (OLC) paradigm, and therefore, is unable to scale for relatively large genomes. The algorithm behind the proprietary method, Bionano Genomics' Solve, is largely unknown. In this paper, we extend the definition of bi-labels in the paired de Bruijn graph to the context of optical mapping data, and present the first de Bruijn graph based method for Rmap assembly. We implement our approach, which we refer to as Rmapper, and compare its performance against the assembler of Valouev et al. (2006) and Solve by Bionano Genomics on data from three genomes - E. coli, human, and climbing perch fish (Anabas Testudineus). Our method was able to successfully run on all three genomes. The method of Valouev et al.(2006) only successfully ran on E. coli. Moreover, on the human genome Rmapper was at least 130 times faster than Bionano Solve, used five times less memory and produced the highest genome fraction with zero mis-assemblies. Our software, RMAPPER is written in C++ and is publicly available under GNU General Public License at https://github.com/kingufl/Rmapper.
Exploring the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Tripterygium Wilfordii Hook F against Cardiovascular Disease Using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Huang Bingwu , Huang Chengbin , Zhu Liuyan , Xie Lina , Wang Yi , Zhu Ning
Published: January 2021

Background

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TwHF) has been used in traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) for treating cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the underlying pharmacological mechanisms of the effects of TwHF against CVD remain elusive. This study revealed the pharmacological mechanisms of TwHF acting on CVD based on a pharmacology approach.
Materials and Methods

The active compounds were selected by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) according to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). The potential targets of TwHF were obtained by SwissTargetPrediction database. The CVD-related therapeutic targets were collected by the DrugBank, the GeneCards database and the OMIM database. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was generated by STITCH database. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed by R package. The network of drug-targets-diseases-pathways was constructed by Cytoscape software.
Results

The 51 effective ingredients of TwHF and the 178 common targets of TwHF and CVD-related were collected. Furthermore, AKT1, amyloid precursor protein (APP), Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) and cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) was identified the core targets involved in the mechanism of TwHF on CVD. Top ten GO (biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions) and KEGG pathways were screened with a P value ≤ 0.01. Finally, we constructed the network of TwHF-targets-CVD-GO-KEGG.
Conclusions

These findings demonstrate that the main active compound of TwHF, the core targets and pathways maybe provide new insights into the development of a natural therapy for the prevention and treatment of CVD.