bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage in failed endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: A case series and review of literature
Authors: Sahu Saroj Kanta , Giri Suprabhat , Nath Preetam , Mallick Bipadabhanjan , Praharaj Dibyalochan , Panigrahi Sarat Chandra , Anand Anil Chandra
Published: July 2024

Obstructive jaundice is a common clinical manifestation of malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). Pancreaticobiliary malignancy causes a significant proportion of distal biliary obstructions, most of which are unresectable at the time of diagnosis. Palliative biliary drainage is required in cases of unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction (MDBO). Surgical, endoscopic, or percutaneous methods can relieve biliary obstruction. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is the most common alternative method if endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) fails. The complication rate of PTBD and associated comorbidities is high. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) has two access routes, i.e., intrahepatic and extrahepatic. The technical and clinical success rate of EUS-BD is high, exceeding 90%. When ERCP fails, the EUS rendezvous approach should be attempted first if papilla is accessible. Transmural drainage is the preferred method if the papilla is inaccessible. For distal and mid-common bile duct obstruction, we perform EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS). For EUS-CDS, one can use either a self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) or a lumen-apposing metal stent. EUS-BD procedures are technically challenging, and adverse events are common even in expert hands. A multidisciplinary approach is most appropriate for patients with distal MBO who fail ERCP.
Changing pattern of tobacco use and effect of behavioral interventions on tobacco dependence during COVID-19 – Mixed-method study
Authors: Rai Shilpa , Banerjee Sreya , Das Sudipta Kumar , Mahapatra Pranab , Acharya Geeta Chand
Published: July 2024

Background:

Tobacco is a risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, and its users are at an increased risk for developing severe illness if affected by COVID-19.

Aims and Objectives:

This study was conducted to report tobacco usage patterns and experiences during COVID-19 and assess changes in tobacco dependence following behavioral interventions.

Methodology:

A mixed-method study was conducted, and the details of individuals who visited the tobacco cessation clinic, psychiatric ward, and department of pulmonary medicine from September 2019 to February 2020 were obtained from the hospital records. These individuals were contacted by telephone and were requested to fill out the Google Forms.

Results:

Following the initial analysis of nicotine dependence among the participants, 12 individuals were shortlisted for the in-depth interview on tobacco use experience during COVID-19. After the qualitative component was over, the participants were divided into two groups based on the ratio of 1:1. A behavioral intervention using online group sessions (using WhatsApp and Google Meet) along with telephonic counseling was administered to group 2 while group 1 received only telephonic counseling. At the end of 1 month, the participants were again followed up.

Analysis:

Only one participant reported an increase in the frequency of habit during COVID-19 and the reason was lack of work engagement. Most of the participants were at home during the pandemic, and some of them reported not having felt the need to smoke at home, as there were other modes of spending time at home. A statistically significant difference was found in the comparison of the before and after Fagerstorm nicotine dependence score for smokers in group 1 participants. However, a statistically insignificant difference was found in the comparison of the Fagerstorm nicotine dependence score for smokeless tobacco (ST) postintervention in the group 1 participant. The group 2 participants showed a statistically significant difference in the nicotine dependence scores for both smokers and ST after the intervention.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Dermatomyositis: A Case Report
Authors: Agrawal Prabhat K. , Kumari Nirmal , Gautam Ashish , Pursnani Nikhil
Published: July 2024

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune illness that targets specific organs and associated with other autoimmune conditions. Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic systemic autoimmune condition involving skeletal muscles and skin. Co-occurrence of both disorders is quite rare. We diagnosed dermatomyositis in a young male with T1DM who presented with muscle weakness and cutaneous manifestations. There is an additional metabolic hurdle in T1DM, as high doses of glucocorticoids used in dermatomyositis management are related to glycemic instability which requires regular blood sugar monitoring and insulin dose titration accordingly. Considering the prognostic consequences, early diagnosis and management of dermatomyositis is essential.
Health and Poverty Alleviation as Central to the Vision of a Developed India by 2047
Authors: Raina Sunil Kumar
Published: July 2024

The importance of living a healthy life has never been lost to us in India. Historically, India has equated a healthy mind with a healthy body as central to fulfillment of a purposeful life. Therefore, it is only pertinent that health retains its central position as the core principle to go along with poverty alleviation as capable of delivering on the vision of a developed India by 2047.
Impact of Children with Disability on Caregivers: A Cross-sectional Study in Rural Area of Jammu, UT of Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Kumari Preeti , Gupta Rajiv Kumar , Rivees Shabnum , Langer Bhavna , Mir Mehak Taban , Kumari Rashmi , Hassan Zahid Ul , Manhas Sakshi , Sumaira  , Zaffer Imran , Arif Tasleem , Chalotra Ritika
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

Children who are born with disability, more so intellectual disability are dependant on their parents for their daily needs. The presence of disabled child in the family adds to the caregiver burden which may read to emotional distress manifesting as anger, depression, stigma, etc. The study aimed to assess both the positive and negative impacts of having a disabled child in the family on caregivers.

Methodology:

The present, cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area of Jammu district using simple random sampling, two health zones out of eight were selected for the conduct of the study. All the disabled children were identified and their parents were interviewed using National Institute of Mental Health-Disability Impact Scale Scale after taking an informed consent from them (IECGJ)(NO: IEC/GMC/2019/892).

Results:

During the course of the study, a total of 101 caregivers of disabled children were interviewed. Both negative and positive impact on the caregivers was found to be in close approximation to the tune of 15%–16%. Among the negative impacts, financial burden was the most dominant domain followed by physical care of the child and caregiver health being affected.

Conclusion:

It would be pertinent to conclude that we need to empower the caregivers as an important step for the inclusion of these special children in the society. In this context, few recommendations have been discussed in the present study.
Mask Usage and Handling of Face Mask in Rural Health and Training Center
Authors: Jayakumar Thamarai Selvi , Stanly A. Meriton
Published: July 2024

Background:

The mask is defined as a cloth mask, medical mask, and N95 respiratory worn over the face, covering the bridge of the nose, mouth, and chin. Correct use of masks is essential. Mask usage is an important concern when visiting high-risk area as hospitals where the risk of cross-contamination is predominant. The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of mask usage among patients attending the Rural Health and Training Center (RHTC). The aim of this study was to assess the association of mask usage with sociodemographic factors among patients attending RHTC and to determine the handling of face masks among patients attending RHTC.

Methods:

The study was directed to 287 patients in the outpatients. Using a semi-structured questionnaire, sociodemographic characteristics and mask usage details were collected from the study participants.

Results:

The prevalence of mask usage was 68.3%. The usage of mask was significantly higher among females (OD = 1.383, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.836–2.286, P = 0.206), younger individuals (OD = 2.569, 95% CI = 1.423–4.636, P = 0.206), literate individuals (OD = 4.073, 95% CI = 2.040–6.892), employed (OD = 2.256, 95% CI = 1.292–3.940, P = 0.013), and upper and middle socioeconomic class (OD = 3.764, 95% CI = 2.219–6.385, P = 2.219–6.385). Handling of face mask with proper wearing and disposal were 18.5% and 25.1%, respectively.

Conclusion:

The prevalence of mask usage was observed to be 68.3%. The study results emphasize that mask usage is a primordial prevention and mode of intervention as health education and specific protection in the general population would necessarily improve compliance and flatten the epidemiological curve.
Nutritional management of sepsis secondary to infective acute gastroenteritis with diabetes
Authors: Aznul Hisham Muhammad Hafiz Bin , Abdul Hamid Haslina Binti
Published: July 2024

A 36-year-old Chinese male was presented at the emergency department and admitted to the Geriatric Intensive Care Unit for severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) secondary to acute gastroenteritis (AGE) with symptoms of severe vomiting and diarrhoea. He had underlying maturity-onset diabetes of the young, hypertension, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) and chronic kidney disease Stage 3 and had a history of hospital admission for the episodes of hypoglycaemia. The current diagnosis was sepsis secondary to infective AGE, resolved DKA, non-oliguric acute kidney injury, neck haematoma and left-hand cellulitis. He was referred to dietitian for diabetic counselling. His calculated body mass index was 19.4 kg/m2 (normal) with no history of fat and muscle loss. The biochemical data showed abnormalities for glycated haemoglobin, renal profile, liver function test and full blood count.
Integration and Autonomy in Japanese Converb Constructions: A Corpus Study
Authors: Solomkina Natalia
Published: July 2024

Researchers still have no common opinion on the integration and autonomy of parts of Japanese converb constructions. In this article, morphological and syntactic connectedness in the most common Japanese converb constructions is examined through tests whose results can be verified using corpus data. Results show that parts of all considered converb constructions demonstrate morphological independence (except for contracted colloquial forms). As for the syntax, converb constructions demonstrate both features of autonomy and unity, forming a sort of continuum, which makes it difficult to categorize them and to distinguish syntactic subtypes for each of the constructions. This reminds us that grammaticalization is a constantly ongoing process, and word classes not falling steadily into our classifications require flexible means of description.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice towards Occupational Health and Safety among Nursing Students in Gaza Strip, Palestine
Authors: Qaraman Abdel Fattah A. , Elbayoumi Maher , Kakemam Edris , Albelbeisi Ahmed Hassan
Published: July 2024

Health and safety in the workplace are critical components in healthcare institutions. Unsafe working conditions are among the causes of poor  quality of care and burnout. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practice of occupational health and safety among nursing  students at Al-Israa University.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a structured online questionnaire was distributed from March to May 2021. Of the 350 eligible students, 219  students answered the questionnaire (Response rate=62.6). Data were analyzed using the statistical software IBM-SPSS version 22. Descriptive  statistic, Independent- samples T-Test, and ANOVA tests were used.
Results: The majority of participants were female (81.7%) and studying in a diploma program. 21% of nursing students have experienced a needle  stick injury. The mean scores for knowledge, attitudes, and practice were (M±SD:78.2% ±12.9, M±SD:80.6% ±7.1, and M±SD:81.2% ±7.6) respectively.  In terms of knowledge, attitudes, and practice the mean scores were statistically significant between nursing students who attended a safety  precautions course and those who didn not (P-value <.05). In terms of attitudes, the mean scores were statistically significant between diploma and  bachelor students (P-value =.026).In terms of practice, the means scores were statistically significant between males and females (P-value =.017),  nursing students who had experience with needle sticks and those who didn’t (P-value =.015).
Conclusion: The authors recommend that clinical  training departments and universities continue to offer occupational health and safety courses and training for health science students. Since the  training had a positive impact on the students' practices.
Корпоративная цель с корректировкой на концепцию устойчивого развития
Authors: Луценко С.И.
Published: July 2024

АВТОР РАССМАТРИВАЕТ КОРПОРАТИВНУЮ ЦЕЛЬ КОММЕРЧЕСКОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ (ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОГО ОБЩЕСТВА) В РАМКАХ КОНЦЕПЦИИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ. ДАННАЯ КОНЦЕПЦИЯ НЕ ТОЛЬКО СВЯЗАНА С ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИМИ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМИ (ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЕМ ПРИБЫЛИ), НО ВКЛЮЧАЕТ В СЕБЯ СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ И ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ. ПРЕДПРИНЯТА ПОПЫТКА СВЯЗАТЬ ИМУЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ ИНТЕРЕСЫ СОБСТВЕННИКА (УЧРЕДИТЕЛЯ, АКЦИОНЕРА) С ИНТЕРЕСАМИ ДРУГИХ ЗАИНТЕРЕСОВАННЫХ СТОРОН (РУКОВОДСТВА, ТРУДОВОГО КОЛЛЕКТИВА, ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЕЙ, ОБЩЕСТВА). ПРЕДЛАГАЕТСЯ ВКЛЮЧИТЬ В ДЕЙСТВУЮЩЕЕ ГРАЖДАНСКОЕ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВО ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ О ТОМ, ЧТО КОММЕРЧЕСКАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ДОЛЖНА НЕ ТОЛЬКО ИМЕТЬ СВОЮ ЗАКОННУЮ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКУЮ ЦЕЛЬ (ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЕ ПРИБЫЛИ), НО И УЧИТЫВАТЬ СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ИНТЕРЕСЫ ЗАИНТЕРЕСОВАННЫХ СТОРОН. АВТОР РАССМАТРИВАЕТ ПРАВОВОЙ СТАТУС СОБСТВЕННИКА (УЧРЕДИТЕЛЯ, АКЦИОНЕРА), ЕГО ЗНАЧЕНИЕ В ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ КОРПОРАТИВНОЙ ЦЕЛИ. ИССЛЕДУЕТСЯ ПОВЕДЕНЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ РУКОВОДИТЕЛЯ (МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА, ЧЛЕНА СОВЕТА ДИРЕКТОРОВ) В КОНТЕКСТЕ ФИДУЦИАРНЫХ ОБЯЗАННОСТЕЙ ПРИ ФОРМУЛИРОВАНИИ ЦЕЛИ КОММЕРЧЕСКОЙ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ. ПРОГРАММА СТИМУЛИРОВАНИЯ ПРИЗВАНА СОВМЕСТИТЬ ИМУЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ ИНТЕРЕСЫ СОБСТВЕННИКА И ЗАИНТЕРЕСОВАННЫХ СТОРОН В ДОЛГОСРОЧНОЙ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ.
Применение общих положений гражданского законодательства об обязательствах и договорах к мировому соглашению в гражданском судопроизводстве
Authors: Ватаманюк В.О.
Published: July 2024

В СТАТЬЕ РАССМАТРИВАЕТСЯ ВОПРОС О ПРИМЕНЕНИИ ОБЩИХ ПОЛОЖЕНИЙ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА ОБ ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВАХ И ДОГОВОРАХ К МИРОВОМУ СОГЛАШЕНИЮ В ГРАЖДАНСКОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ. ДЕЛАЕТСЯ ВЫВОД, ЧТО В СИЛУ ПРИНЦИПА СВОБОДЫ ДОГОВОРА СТОРОНЫ СВОБОДНЫ В ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ УСЛОВИЙ МИРОВОГО СОГЛАШЕНИЯ. ОНИ ВПРАВЕ ВКЛЮЧАТЬ В ЕГО СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ЛЮБЫЕ УСЛОВИЯ — КАК ПРЕДУСМОТРЕННЫЕ, ТАК И НЕ ПРЕДУСМОТРЕННЫЕ ЗАКОНОМ ИЛИ ИНЫМИ ПРАВОВЫМИ АКТАМИ, НО СООТВЕТСТВУЮЩИЕ ОСНОВНЫМ НАЧАЛАМ И СМЫСЛУ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА. ПРОЦЕССУАЛЬНЫЙ ЗАКОН ДОЛЖЕН ПРЕДОСТАВЛЯТЬ ЗАИНТЕРЕСОВАННЫМ УЧАСТНИКАМ ПРОЦЕССА МАКСИМАЛЬНО ШИРОКИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ В ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИИ УСЛОВИЙ МИРОВОГО СОГЛАШЕНИЯ И НЕ СОЗДАВАТЬ НЕОБОСНОВАННЫХ РАЗЛИЧИЙ ПО СРАВНЕНИЮ С ДОПРОЦЕССУАЛЬНЫМИ ОТНОШЕНИЯМИ В СЛУЧАЕ ДОСТИЖЕНИЯ СОГЛАСИЯ ПО ПОВОДУ МИРНОГО УРЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ СПОРА. В РАБОТЕ ТАКЖЕ РАССМАТРИВАЮТСЯ НАИБОЛЕЕ АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ОБЩИХ ПОЛОЖЕНИЙ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА ОБ ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВАХ И ДОГОВОРАХ К МИРОВОМУ СОГЛАШЕНИЮ: ПОЛОЖЕНИЙ О НЕДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТИ СДЕЛОК, ИЗМЕНЕНИИ И РАСТОРЖЕНИИ ДОГОВОРА, ОБ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ И ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ ИСПОЛНЕНИЯ ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВА, ПРЕДУСМОТРЕННОГО МИРОВЫМ СОГЛАШЕНИЕМ, О МОМЕНТЕ ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЯ МИРОВОГО СОГЛАШЕНИЯ, А ТАКЖЕ ДРУГИЕ ДИСКУССИОННЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ. В ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ КОНСТАТИРУЕТСЯ, ЧТО ОБЩИЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА ПОДЛЕЖАТ ПРИМЕНЕНИЮ К МИРОВОМУ СОГЛАШЕНИЮ В ГРАЖДАНСКОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ С УЧЕТОМ СПЕЦИФИКИ УКАЗАННОГО ПРАВОВОГО ИНСТИТУТА.
Pursuit of Happiness in Consumer Society: A Study on OECD Countries and Türkiye
Authors: Külekçi İlknur
Published: July 2024

Understanding the relationship between societal consumption desires and happiness levels contributes
to the development of economic policies aimed at enhancing welfare. Therefore, this study, which
investigates the relationship between consumption and happiness, consists of two stages. In the first
stage, the happiness of economic units is measured by the Happiness Index, and consumption data is
represented by the ratio of household disposable income to expenditures as provided by the OECD.
Granger Causality Analysis was applied to data from 30 OECD countries, including Turkey, with continuous
data availability for the period 2018-2021. The findings indicate no significant causality relationship. In the
second stage, the relationship between consumption desires and happiness of economic units in Turkey
was investigated using simple regression analysis. The results suggest that a 1% increase in consumption
leads to an approximate 0,00287 unit decrease in happiness, indicating that an increase in the propensity
to consume is associated with a decline in happiness levels. Consequently, this study finds no causality
between happiness and consumption in OECD countries, while in Turkey, societal consumption desires
negatively impact happiness. The findings are expected to contribute depth to the existing literature.
Liberalismo y cuidado. Algunas cuestiones analizando la antropología de MacIntyre
Authors: García Martínez José Luis
Published: July 2024

Las sociedades liberales contemporáneas generan individuos cada vez más egoístas. Anhelan una realización personal que sólo puede alcanzarse fuera de la comunidad, interpretada, desde el enfoque liberal dominante, como un agente colectivo que reduce la libertad individual. Esta concepción de lo humano desplaza el cuidado hacia uno mismo. Se olvida de preocuparse por los demás y, lo que es más importante, toma medidas para no necesitar ser cuidado por los demás, como si eso fuera posible. El enfoque antropológico de MacIntyre desactiva una parte fundamental de esa visión, reclamando el papel del cuerpo y creando una fenomenología de la vulnerabilidad. Este artículo presenta los aportes que A. MacIntyre ha realizado en el cuidado, concepto cuyo uso está en expansión. Para ello, comenzaremos presentando un breve análisis del cuidado y su tratamiento en relación con el enfoque liberal. Posteriormente, presentaremos la propuesta antropológica de MacIntyre, y nos inspiraremos en ella, para corregir algunas pretensiones contemporáneas de autosuficiencia.
EVALUATION OF ANTI-EPILEPTIC ACTIVITY OF SEED EXTRACT OF ENTADA PURSAETHA DC IN WISTAR RATS.
Authors: Sravani. B Naga , Devaraj Ajalamol , Ravali. M Laxmi , Lakshmi. A Vijaya , R Padmavathi.
Published: July 2024

There are substances or ingredients or drugs that are not specifically mentioned or categorized in classical Ayur-vedic texts. These are called Extra pharmacopoeial drugs. Entada pursaetha DC is a large woody vine belong-ing to the family Mimosaceae. In some regions of India, it has been associated with folklore and traditional be-liefs. In this study, the anti-epileptic activity of ethanolic seed extract of Entada pursaetha DC in the doses of 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg respectively using Maximal Electroshock induced convulsions (MES models) were investigated in Wistar rats. The ethanolic extract of Seed does not have any anti-epileptic property and did not show any significant results in either the doses 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF SUSHVIKADI VATI IN PURISHAJA KRIMI(PIN WORM) (A STUDY PROTOCOL)
Authors: Dharamshaku Janardan , Joshi Ankita , Amin Mithila , Dhuri Kalpana
Published: July 2024

The term "Krimi" in Ayurveda refers to all worms and microbes. The concept of krimi is not new; references to it date back to the Vedic era. The literature on Ayurveda describes the visible and invisible, or macro and micro, organisms that impact both living and non-living objects in the biosphere. In contemporary medical science, worms and bacteria are studied under different branches called helminthology and microbiology, respectively. However, in Ayurveda, the term "Krimi" refers to both types of worms and microbes. All acharyas in Ayurveda used the name "Krimi," and the majority of authors explained the term's classification, causes, symptoms, and treatments.
Ayurvedic doctors have an understanding of Krimis and Krimi rogas ; they have identified as different varieties of Krimis.Thus, in the present study Purishaja Krimi(Pin worm) is taken as the subject of intervention with the drug ‘Sushvikadi Vati’ mentioned in a Arogya Raksha Kalpadrumah, krimi rog chikitsa adhyaya 10)
MATERIALS AND METHODS : This prospective, open label, randomized clinical trial will be conducted at, School Of Ayurveda D.Y. Patil Deemed To Be University Navi Mumbai. A total of 60 children of aged 4-13 years irrespective of gender with classical symptoms of Purishaja Krimi (Pin worm )will be enrolled in the study. The outcome will be assessed according to the subjective and objective parameters established respective-ly for the study on each visit. Safety will be assessed based on the incidence of adverse events.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Krimi is the disease of GIT, and it has aaharaj and viharaja Nidana and its samprapti involves vitiation of Tridosha . Its samprapti involves agnimandya and mala dravata and the Ayurvedic formulation chosen for this study, “SUSHVIKADI VATI” usually have Krimighna property out-comes of this trial will suggest probable therapeutic options for the effective management of krimi of children.
Implementation of a Globally Linearised Controller in Real Time for Two Conical Tanks Interacting Level Process
Authors: S Vadivazhagi , Ka. Suriyaprabha
Published: July 2024

The aim of this paper focuses on the design and real-time implementation of a Globally Linearized Controller (GLC) for Two Conical Tanks Interacting Level Process (TCTILP) that exhibits severe non-linear characteristics. Because of its adequate mixing and drainage properties, conical tanks are favoured in the industrial sector, yet control issues arising from their non-linear dynamics are considerable. This method's underlying premise is that a system with non-linear original variables can be transformed in some way to make it linear. The globally linearized controller is designed based on a linear model that accurately represents the entire operating range of a non-linear system, allowing for the practical application of linear control methods to achieve desired system performance. The fundamental dynamics and interactions between the two tanks are captured in a mathematical model of the TCTILP process. For various set points of levels h1 and h2, the performance of the GLC is contrasted with that of the traditional PI controller. According to real-time findings, GLC works better with shorter settling times and smaller error indices than conventional controllers. This work enhances process control by offering a workable and effective method for handling intricate non-linear systems. The robustness and versatility of the globally linearized controller make it an invaluable tool for a wide range of industrial applications requiring conical tank processes.
NATURAL DYEING OF COTTON FABRIC EXTRACTED FROM ROSA (ROSE) AND GENUS TAGETS (MARIGOLD) FLOWERS
Authors: Sadaf Shama , Khalid Ammara , Hassan Komal , Saeed Ayesha , Ahmad Zeeshan
Published: July 2024

In this study, the natural dye from rosa and genus taget flower is extracted through aqueous, alkaline and acidic extraction method and applied on cotton fabric and then evaluated its results. For dye extraction, petals of red rose was boiled and then filter the solution and decolorized petals were taken out of it. By using AATTC 61 dyeing method dye was applied on fabric in Industry. In aqueous, acidic and alkaline extraction same method used. In acidic extraction acidic acid and alkaline extraction sodium hydroxide was used. After applying natural dye on cotton fabric evaluated its result through colourfastness to wash and colourfastness to light tests. In colourfastness to wash the shade change and staining was measured through washing procedure. In colourfastness to light the shade change was measured through light procedure four readings were taken and mean was calculated. The result were interpreted in tables and graphs by using SPSS. In both test dyes from acidic extraction gives best results.
Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of the essential oils from leaves and rind of Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa ver. Bel of family Rutaceae of Pakistan
Authors: Mehmood Ferhat
Published: July 2024

In this study ‘anthelmintic activity of essential oils (EOs), of leaves and rind of Aegle marmelos (Linn.) Correa ver. Bel was evaluated. ‘Adult motility assay’ was employed using Haemoncus contortus adult worms. EO was applied at three levels viz. 10, 35 and 50µL/10 ml in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) plus 10µL of tween 20 (as carrier/emulsifier). Levamisole was used as a positive control at 0.55 mg/ml concentration. Each concentration of essential oils obtained from different plant parts exhibited varied anthelmintic activity. The best dose dependant effect on adult mortality was by EOs from Aegel rind (R2 values 0.981) followed by EOs from leaves (R2 values 0.86.).  LC50 were 34.92 and 26.65 for rind and leaves EOs respectively. Change in the color of the dead worms was an indicator parameter of the fact that the EOs might have damaged the skin of the worms or after transcutaneous penetration into the body has disrupted the circulatory system by causing constriction of blood vessels. It is concluded that EOs extracted from A. marmelos have anthelmintic properties.
Petrophysical Characteristics of Mauddud Formation in Selected Wells of Ratawi Oilfield, Southern Iraq
Authors: Abbas Ibrahim , Sahab Abdalratha , Al-Ameri Sarah , Hussain Salah , Hameed Mustafa
Published: July 2024

The Mauddud Formation is the most widespread Lower Cretaceous formation in Iraq, deposited along the NE margin of the Arabain Palte. The formation is widely distributed, covering nearly the entire territory of Stable and Unstable Shelf units. The study area is located in the Zubair subzone of the Mesopotamian zone within the Stable Shelf unit, approximately 70 km northwest of Basrah in southern Iraq. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the petrophysical characteristics of Mauddud Formation in the five wells (Ratawi-2, Ratawi-4, Ratawi-5, Ratawi-17, and Ratawi-19) in the Ratawi oilfield, southern Iraq. Open hole log analysis was utilized, and a series of calculations were applied to evaluate the reservoir properties, such as porosity, water saturation, and volume shale, that control the reservoir quality. The N-D cross plot diagram shows that limestone is the dominant lithology, and few shale contents is present in the upper and lower parts of the formation, while it is noticed that the volume of clay is constant throughout the formation in most of the wells, indicating that the formation is clean. Seven zones (A to G) have been identified and evaluated, depending mainly on full set logs to determine the most productive ones. Zones B, D, and F are classified as good reservoir zones with an average porosity of 21% and water saturation of 25%. A and C zones show reservoir and non-reservoir zones with porosity of 10% and water saturation of 40%. Finally, the remaining zones represented by E and G are classified as non-reservoir zones with a very low porosity of less than 4% and fully water-saturated.
Superposition Rate: A Developed Approach for Analyzing Production Data in Tight Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Sadeq Dhifaf
Published: July 2024

The paper examines the application of various methods to analyze production data in which the superposition principle being one of them. This principle is divided into two main methods: Superposition rate and Superposition time. Both are designed to deal with multiple flow rates within production data. The Superposition time converts the production time into constant values and uses the final flow rate value. On the other hand Superposition rate consolidates multiple rates into a single flow rate during production time. This study focuses on analysis of production data using a developed method based on superposition-rate approach. This method converts variables such as flow rate and pressure into constant values, where each flow regime has its own technique by which superposition-rate is utilized. In addition, comparison between conventional and unconventional reservoirs is involved, particularly emphasizing the benefits and drawbacks of tight gas reservoirs.Various types of superposition methods with their functions were discussed. Among them, a workflow part includes a case study of a dominated flow regime used for a hydraulic fractured single well. The workflow part of this study includes a case study of hydraulically fractured well under a dominant flow regime. Results comparing multiple rates method with super position-rate method indicate that the latter has better accuracy with (R) coefficient of (0.96). Case study on fracture reservoir also shows further validated of superposition-rate by accurately estimating drainage volume.
Integration of Geophysical and Hydrochemical Methods to Determine the Groundwater Contamination in Al-Hosayniat Landfill South East Mafraq City, Jordan
Authors: Mashaqbeh Mustafa , Al Amoush Hani , Al Tarazi Eid
Published: July 2024

An integration of Geophysical – Electromagnetic and hydro-chemical methods was used to investigate the potential of groundwater contamination due to Al-Hosayniat Municipal Landfill (HL) southeast of Mafraq city. Twenty-five Time Domain Electromagnetic (TDEM) soundings were carried out inside and outside the HL in addition to one WNW-ESE Very Low Frequency (VLF) profile. The TDEM's results help to define the subsurface geology and structures down to 240m depth. The results also depict the presence of a major fault striking NW-SE that crosses the whole landfill, this fault is documented in the surface geological map, and it was delineated and imaged by TDEM measurements and detected at larger depths. VLF results also detected the presence of a major fault beneath the landfill. The presence of the fault just beneath the HL may enhance the leachate movement which can imply groundwater contamination hazards for a longer period as it is a preferential pathway for contaminants. The results of water quality analyses of adjacent wells show higher concentrations of Na+, SO-24, TDS in some wells and this can be ascribed to agricultural activities and over-pumping in the area rather than landfill leachate. The heavy metal concentrations were found to be within the permissible limits and did't indicate direct contamination due to the HL. However, Fluorite (F-) shows a high concentration of (1.3mg/l) in WS4 and WS5 wells and approaches the permissible limit (1.5mg/l) according to the Jordan Water Standards (JWS). Bromide (Br) shows high concentration of (0.6mg/l) in well Al-2462.
Application of Georadar Method to Investigate shallow Artifacts for Al-Maabid Area in Babylon Archaeological City
Authors: Al-Assadi Hind , Abd Najah
Published: July 2024

Babylon, one of the most influential civilizations in Mesopotamia, significantly contributed to human history with its rich culture, advanced legal systems, and architectural marvels, serving as the capital of the Neo-Babylonian empire. This study aims to discover ancient Babylonian civilizational remains and artifacts, including artifacts and walls from an ancient Babylonian house near the Ishtar temple. A geophysical survey was carried out using ground penetrating radar (GPR), yielding promising preliminary results. It contributed to the Department of Antiquities' excavation campaign for potential antiquities in Babylon Governorate, which was regarded as a preliminary step before beginning extensive excavations. Accurate GPR results were displayed as radargrams, maps, and 3D VI visualization diagrams, providing a precise subsurface view of buried archaeological remains.
Temporal and Spatial Analysis for Precipitation Trend and Homogeneity in Semi-Arid Area, Northwestern Iraq as a Case Study
Authors: Al-Hilali Sahar , Hassan Ahmed , Moussa Ahmed , Zahran Sherien , Hassan Samia
Published: July 2024

Detecting the trends and homogeneity in precipitation records is fundamental in climate change and hydrological studies. This study investigates the homogeneity and trends of precipitation time series at four stations in north-west Iraq. The analysis encompasses the annual, seasonal, and monthly time scale at a significant level of 5%. Four tests were employed to assess the homogeneity analysis of the precipitation time series: Standard Normal Homogeneity, Buishand, Pettitt, and Von Neumann Ratio. Then two methods were applied to detect the trend from 1970–2020. Sequential Mann- Kendall and Innovative trend tests were employed to track the significant trend changes and to find the magnitude, tendency, and significance of the trend during this period for precipitation. Microsoft Excel was utilized to achieve the concepts of homogeneity and trend for the precipitation time series. The results of the homogeneity test confirmed the suitability and homogeneity of the precipitation for further analysis. The trend analysis showed that there is an annual increasing (positive) trend in precipitation at Duhok and Rabia stations by 14 mm/decade and 0.25 mm/decade, respectively. Conversely, Mosul and Tal-Afer stations exhibited a decreasing (negative) trend by 21 mm/decade and 8.9 mm/decade, respectively. Spring precipitation exhibited a statistically significant decreasing trend in all Northwestern stations. The most substantial value in the Mosul station by 11mm/decade. This study highlights the importance of investigating drought and flood adaptation strategies to address the impact of climate changes impacts at the mentioned area.
Comparative Study of the Effect of Volcanic Activity and the El Niño Phenomenon on Surface Thermal Changes in the Arjuno-Welirang Crater Area Using GEE Cloud Computing
Authors: Suaidi Daeng , Maryanto Sukir , Santoso Didik , Naba Agus , Zulaikah Siti , Hasan Muhammad , Hidayat Samsul
Published: July 2024

The increasing seismic activity of Arjuno Welirang on February 7, 2018, warned about the dangers of volcanic eruptions that must be watched out for, so that activity needs to be monitored continuously. There is little information available about seismic activity at the Arjuno Welirang complex. Most studies have investigated geothermal potential and subsurface structures. Due to the limitations of this data, land surface temperature (LST) analysis was carried out in this research to monitor the development of Arjuno-Welirang volcanic activity. Several volcano studies have used LST criteria in remote sensing applications to detect volcanic activity. However, the performance of LST has not been tested in the case of normal volcanic activity, which is influenced by external thermal disturbances. This study aims to show the performance of LST detection on changes in the normal volcanic activity of Arjuno Welirang, which is disturbed by temperature noise caused by the El Niño phenomenon. The LST calculations are carried out by including surface emissivity corrections obtained based on Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values. The LST calculation algorithm is implemented with the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. LST analysis was carried out on Landsat 8 images for the May-August 2023 time period obtained from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) database via GEE cloud computing. The reason for determining this time period is because the release of the daily Arjuno Welirang volcanic activity report by Magma Indonesia coincided with the Meteorology Climatology and Geophysical Agency (BMKG) notification regarding the occurrence of El Niño phenomenon. The output is an LST curve against time, which shows a tendency for the surface temperature of the Arjuno-Welirang crater to increase in July. This is similar to the trend of increasing seismic activity reported on the Magma Indonesia website and conversely is not similar to the increase in temperature due to the El Niño effect predicted by BMKG. The highest temperature increase occurred on July 24 2023, reaching 31.78 ⁰C, and then the temperature decreased. The method used in this research has proven that LST analysis is able to detect changes in normal volcanic activity in the Arjuno-Welirang crater even though there is thermal noise due to the influence of the impact of El Niño. LST values are more dominantly influenced by volcanic activity than by extreme El Niño weather.
The Influence of CYP2D6 Gene Variants on Tamoxifen Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients in the Asian Region
Authors: Septi Annisa Frastica , Zahra Aliya Azkia , Malau Jekmal
Published: July 2024

reast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in society, especially among women. Tamoxifen is often used as a first-line therapy for breast cancer and reduces the risk of recurrence in ER+ breast cancer. However, the response to treatment varies due to genetic variability resulting from polymorphisms in the DNA encoding drug-metabolism enzymes, including the CYP2D6 gene. This literature review aimed to evaluate the impact of CYP2D6 gene variants on the effectiveness of tamoxifen in breast cancer treatment. A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Google Scholar, and BMC Cancer using relevant keywords. The selected articles were no more than ten years old (2014-2024), with criteria for inclusion and exclusion. The review of articles from various research journals found that in the Asian region, the CYP2D6 gene variant allele *10 was most frequently seen, resulting in Intermediate Metabolism (IM) in tamoxifen therapy. Patients with IM metabolism tend to have suboptimal therapeutic responses and require tamoxifen dose adjustments.Conversely, patients with Normal Metabolism (NM/EM) tend to have better therapeutic responses. Genetic variability in the CYP2D6 gene affects the activity of the CYP2D6 enzyme, which functions to convert tamoxifen into its active form, Endoxifen. Some individuals may have low (Poor Metabolizer), Intermediate (Intermediate Metabolizer), Normal (Extensive Metabolizer), or even high (Ultra-rapid Metabolizer) enzyme activity. Therefore, adjusting tamoxifen therapy based on patient genetic information is essential for optimal treatment, especially in Asia, where the CYP2D6 gene variant allele *10 is most commonly found, resulting in IM metabolism
INSET CONTENT TOWARDS TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE 21ST CENTURY: GLOBAL CHALLENGES
Authors: Tzotzou Maria , Poulou Maria , Karalis Thanassis , Ifanti Amalia
Published: July 2024

The present paper discusses whether INSET content includes new thematic fields in line with the European and supranational directions as a result of the global advancements towards teachers’ efficient training and professional development in the 21st century. To this end, a review of the scholarly literature focusing on the official papers of supranational institutions has been carried out, along with an empirical study which investigates the extent to which INSET content has been updated to contribute to teachers’ professional development. As regards the empirical study, the quantitative research method was selected to gather data via an online questionnaire answered by 290 in-service state-school primary teachers. The research questions examine whether INSET content (a) includes topics related to 21st-century socio-educational challenges, (b) addresses modern state-school issues, (c) responds to teachers’ actual training needs, (d) satisfies teachers and/or needs revision. According to the research findings, INSET content seems to be out-of-date since modern educational topics deemed to be of crucial importance in the 21st-century education, such as global citizenship, human rights education, intercultural education and school bullying issues are included in teachers’ in-service training only to a minimum extent. Quantitative data also reveal deficient investigation of teachers’ training needs which results in a severe gap between INSET content and their actual training needs. Last but not least, findings raise implications for INSET content reform and update in order to focus on modern thematic fields as a prerequisite for teachers’ professional development in the 21st century via the systematic investigation of both teachers’ and schools’ needs.
 

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Complicações da traqueostomia em crianças: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Moreno Juliana Bezerra da Silva , Guaraná Lucas Dias , Faria Iollanda Nunes , Rangel Amanda Faria
Published: July 2024

Introdução: Dado o crescente número de complicações associadas à necessidade de traqueostomia em crianças, devido a diversas condições médicas que comprometem a via aérea, torna-se de grande importância compreender as principais complicações relacionadas ao procedimento, com o propósito de tentar evitá-las. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar sistematicamente as principais complicações relacionadas à traqueostomia em crianças. Materiais, Sujeitos e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo, através da revisão sistemática da literatura, utilizando bases de dados como Medline/PubMed, SciELO e Cochrane. Foram incluídos estudos publicados nos últimos 05 anos que abordam complicações em pacientes com menos de 18 anos que foram submetidos à traqueostomia. Resultados e Discussão: Observa-se que as complicações mais comuns incluem infecções, obstrução da cânula, decanulação acidental e granulomas. Complicações a longo prazo, como estenose traqueal e dificuldades na fala e deglutição, também foram frequentemente reportadas. A análise revela que a incidência e gravidade das complicações podem variar conforme a técnica cirúrgica, cuidados pós-operatórios e a condição subjacente da criança. A prevenção e o manejo precoce e cuidadoso de tais complicações são primordiais para melhorar os resultados clínicos. Considerações Finais: Conclui-se que, embora a traqueostomia seja um procedimento vital em muitas situações pediátricas, é essencial uma formação contínua dos profissionais de saúde e a padronização dos cuidados podem contribuir para melhores desfechos e qualidade de vida das crianças traqueostomizadas.
Pitiríase Rósea Purpúrica: relato de caso e revisão da literatura
Authors: Augusto Barbara Marin , Santos Caroline Nascimento , Castro Mariana da Silveira
Published: July 2024

Introdução: A pitiríase rósea (PR) é uma doença cutânea exantemática, aguda, autolimitada, caracterizada pelo aparecimento de lesões papuloescamosas, levemente inflamatórias, ovais, no tronco e nas extremidades proximais, possuindo uma distribuição centrífuga ou crânio-caudal. Possui pico de incidência em crianças mais velhas e adultos jovens.  Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão literária sobre esta rara doença. Materiais e métodos: Realizada revisão de literatura com coleta, avaliação, seleção e resumo de artigos base nas plataformas Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect e LILACS. Resultados e discussão: Considerações finais: Ainda que sua resolução espontânea seja comum em um período de quatro a seis semanas, a diferenciação precisa e o manejo adequado são fundamentais para garantir o melhor cuidado aos pacientes afetados por essa condição tão incomum.
SIMULACIÓN DEL PROCESO DE ENDULZAMIENTO DE GAS NATURAL USANDO SOLUCIÓN ACUOSA DE MONOETANOLAMINA
Authors: Tixi Hernán , Barahona Natalia
Published: July 2024

La eliminación de los componentes ácidos del gas natural se conoce como  endulzamiento, esto se logra mediante su absorción con soluciones básicas como las alcanolaminas, a través de una reacción exotérmica reversible lo que posteriormente permite su regeneración. En esta investigación teórica se realizó la absorción de CO2 y H2S presentes en el gas natural utilizado el simulador de procesos ASPEN PLUS con su paquete termodinámico para aminas (modelo de Kent y Eisenberg), empleando como absorbedor una solución acuosa de monoetanolamina (MEA). El software AS- PEN PLUS es una buena herramienta para el cálculo de variables de operación del proceso. Así pues, se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios de absorción de CO2  y H2S cuando se aumenta el f lujo y la concentración de amina. El proceso de absorción se produce de mejor manera a temperaturas bajas y presiones altas; por el contrario, el proceso de desorción mejora a temperaturas altas y pre- siones bajas.  La concentración de CO2  en el gas limpio se ve inf luenciada por el número de etapas del absorbedor, no así el H2S.
Evaluation Market Penetration of Infrastructure as A Service (IaaS) to Formulate Marketing Strategy: Study Case Lumos Tech Indonesia
Authors: Purbajati Rizky Junjunan ,   School of Business Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia, Dhewanto Wawan , Hutajulu Sahat ,   School of Business Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia,   School of Business Management, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia
Published: July 2024

The forecasted revenue growth of cloud computing has become a huge opportunity for IT infrastructure providers, especially for Infrastructure as a Services (IaaS) which have the biggest portion of the cloud computing business. International Data Corporation claims that the estimate revenue for IaaS in 2026 will reach USD 65.5 billion with CAGR 22.8%. Lumos Tech is an alias name that is used to protect the true identity of the firm that is being studied. As a global technology company who provides IT Infrastructure including IaaS offer, ideally Lumos Tech Indonesia should be able to capture this opportunity. However, the company is having a slow penetration rate which approximate to 0.2% for the IaaS offer. It is essential for the company to find factors that hinder the market penetration rate and design a marketing strategy to improve the business performance. The study adopts a mixed methodology where quantitative method is adopted to perform market assessment and the qualitative method focus on assessing the current condition to define the internal factors that hamper market penetration for IaaS offer. The data collection is categorized into two; the external data collection covers the data gathering from outside Lumos Tech through questionnaire, reports and journals and the internal data collection is done by doing an in-depth semi structure interview with the owner of the problem. Furthermore, the analysis is performed by utilizing PESTEL, Porter’s 5 Forces, quantitative descriptive and coding process. The objective of this study is to formulate marketing strategy for Lumos Tech’s IaaS offer by leveraging a modified Business to Business (B2B) marketing mix.