bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of Halophilic and Halotolerant Bacteria from Urmia Lake after the Recent Drought Disaster in 2015
Authors: Kazemi Elham , Tarhriz Vahideh , Hejazi Mohammad S. , Amoozegar Mohammad A.
Published: August 2020

Background:

Due to the last two decades of drought disaster, which resulted in the loss of
the main part of Urmia Lake water and changed the natural conditions of an environment, especially
ionic strength.

Objective:

We aimed to isolate and characterize halophilic and halotolerant bacteria in Urmia Lake,
Iran, 2015. Urmia Lake is a permanent and salty inland lake located in the Azerbaijan region in northwestern
Iran.

Methods:

Sampling was carried out in multiple water-filled locations of the lake. Liquid basal media
for the enrichment of bacteria was successively applied and colonies were isolated by the plating method.
Isolates were then distinguished based on differences in colony, Gram staining, microscopic shape,
and biochemical properties.

Results:

One chemolithotrophic isolate belonging to Thiobacillus thioparus and 41 heterotrophic isolates
were obtained. The 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that all 42 isolates belong to the genera
Kocuria (21.42%), Marinobacter (11.90%), Micrococcus (11.90%), Thalassobacillus (11.90%), Bacillus
(11.90%), Halomonas (7.14%) and Thiobacillus (2.38%).

Conclusion:

Based on 16S rRNA similarity, 5 of 41 isolates showed the potential to be introduced as
new species. The dominant genera with abounded frequency were found to be Kocuria, Bacillus and
Thalassobacillus genera.
Critical Review on Beeja Doshaj Pandu Roga in Bala Roga w.s.r. to Thalassemia
Authors: Karambhe Dr. Avinash , Danga Dr.S.K. , Gulhane Dr.Chetan
Published: August 2020

Thalassemia syndromes are most common single gene disorder in the world and represent a major health burden worldwide. It is a heterogeneous disorder recessively inherited resulting from various mutations of the genes which code for globin chains of Hb leading to reduced or absent synthesis of globin chains. In Ayurveda, Aacharya Charaka described Beeja Dushti Janya Vikaara. He explained that specific Avayava would be Vikrita, if Doshas vitiate specific Beeja or Beejabhaaga. Scientists are working to remove excess iron in order to prevent or delay iron overload which is achieved by prolonging blood transfusion interval and searching effective, orally administrable, economical iron chelators to combat the Thalassemia. In Ayurveda Raktashodhana, Raktaprasaadana, Shonitasthaapana, Rasayana, Balya and Varnya properties decrease the rapid destruction of RBCs and thus prolonging the Life span of RBCs which increases the interval of blood transfusion. All these factors increase the expectancy of good life of Thalassemic patients.
Las vías occidental y oriental de la revolución industriosa y la plata americana
Authors: Justiniano María Fernanda
Published: August 2020

En las últimas décadas tomó forma en la historiografía de la historia económica asiática y occidental un nuevo consenso que registra intensificación del trabajo y del consumo, respectivamente. Estos procesos, denominados revolución industriosa, tuvieron lugar tanto en Asia del Este como en Europa en los siglos previos a la Revolución Industrial. Este artículo pretende mostrar la forma en que la plata americana incidió en ambos procesos, los cuales constituyeron el rasgo característico de la primera globalización. Para ello, se recurrirá al análisis de aportes actuales de la historia económica global.
La doctrina militar colombiana en las prácticas de los oficiales durante el conflicto armado interno (1995-1998)
Authors: Cardona Angarita Jorge Mauricio
Published: August 2020

Este artículo investiga la doctrina militar del Ejército colombiano y su relación con las prácticas frente al conflicto armado interno en los años 1995-1998. Primero, mediante un análisis cualitativo, se aborda el desarrollo de la doctrina militar colombiana en ese periodo y la influencia norteamericana y de otros países en ella, así como su mezcla ecléctica con la doctrina nacional frente al conflicto irregular. Luego, mediante encuestas, entrevistas y un grupo focal, se analizaron las prácticas y su relación con la doctrina en una muestra de 180 oficiales del Ejército de la época, tomando como base cuatro reveses operacionales sufridos entonces. Como resultado se encontró que, aunque los oficiales reconocían y valoraban la doctrina, se enfrentaban a situaciones complejas que los llevaban a tomar iniciativas propias con resultados muy variables.
La implementación del acuerdo de paz y la transformación del conflicto armado en Colombia
Authors: Arias Henao Diana Patricia
Published: August 2020

Este artículo describe la transformación del conflicto armado interno a raíz del proceso de implementación del Acuerdo Final con las FARC-EP. Mediante una revisión de fuentes con un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo, se describe el proceso desde la firma y su refrendación en 2016 hasta el año 2019. Primero se analiza la constitucionalización del acuerdo y su refrendación, para luego abordar el sistema de justicia transicional encarnado en la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP), el contexto geopolítico de esta implementación en el 2019, para finalizar con un balance de la implementación. Como resultado, se plantean los avances y rezagos de la implementación; los desafíos y logros de la JEP, y los nuevos escenarios y actores del conflicto armado surgidos tras el desarme de las FARC-EP.
Спиновая динамика отрицательно заряженных экситонов в квантовых точках InP/(In,Ga)P в магнитном поле
Authors: Некрасов С.В. , Кусраев Ю.Г. , Акимов И.А. , Langer L. , Kotur M. , Яковлев Д.Р. , Bayer M.
Published: August 2020

The dynamics of the photoluminescence negative circular polarization of the InP/(In,Ga)P quantum dots ensemble was studied. We find that in the time-resolved dependences of the polarization there are no oscillations in Voigt magnetic field. Also, with increasing field the polarization declines to zero. Such behavior is attributed to the peculiarities of the negatively charged exciton spin dynamics, particularly, to the fact that in the negatively charged exciton ground state the spin dynamics is governed by the heavy hole. We show that magnetic field depolarization of the photoluminescence occurs once the field of dynamically polarized nuclear spins acting on electron spins is surpassed.
Энергетический спектр и спектр оптического поглощения фуллерена С-=SUB=-28-=/SUB=- в модели Хаббарда
Authors: Силантьев А.В.
Published: August 2020

Anticommutator Green’s functions and energy spectra of fullerene C28 and endofullerene Zr@C28 with the Td symmetry groups have been obtained in an analytical form within the Hubbard model and static fluctuation approxima-tion. The energy states have been classified using the methods of group theory, and the allowed transitions in the energy spectra of fullerene C28 and endofull-erene Zr@C28 with the Td symmetry groups have been determined.
Магнитная анизотропия покрытых графеном ультратонких слоев железа на подложке из гексагонального нитрида бора Gr/Fe/h-BN
Authors: Дунаевский С.М. , Михайленко Е.К.
Published: August 2020

В рамках теории функционала спиновой плотности (SDFT) впервые представлены теоретические результаты компьютерного моделирования магнитных свойств ультратонких пленок железа на немагнитной подложке из гексагонального нитрида бора Gr/Fe/h-BN. Основное внимание уделено численным исследованиям магнитной анизотропия пленок железа c гексагональной структурой, аналогичной кристаллической структуре интеркалированных пленок железа в системе Gr/Fe/Ni (111). Для этого рассчитаны полные энергии ферромагнитных структур с различными направлениями магнитных моментов атомов железа относительно поверхности пленки. Проанализировано влияние графена на магнитные свойства системы Gr/Fe/h-BN. Результаты теоретического моделирования Fe/h-BN и Gr/Fe/h-BN показывают, что в такой системе можно получить достаточно "толстые" пленки (dFe≥10 Angstrem) железа, которые будут обладать перпендикулярной магнитной анизотропией. Ключевые слова: тонкие магнитные пленки, функционал спиновой плотности, магнитное диполь-дипольное взаимодействие, магнитная кристаллографическая анизотропия.
Internet Use in Old Age: Results of a German Population-Representative Survey
Authors: Quittschalle Janine , Stein Janine , Luppa Melanie , Pabst Alexander , Löbner Margrit , Koenig Hans-Helmut , Riedel-Heller Steffi G
Published: August 2020

Background

The internet has the potential to foster healthy lifestyles and to support chronic disease management. Older adults could benefit from using the internet and other information and communication technology to access health-related information and interventions available online.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing internet use in older and oldest age groups and to determine the frequency of internet use for health-related purposes.

Methods

Using data from a nationally representative telephone survey of older adults aged 75 years and over, a sample of 999 people was assessed using structured clinical interviews. Descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses were performed.

Results

Overall, 42.6% (418/999) of participants used the internet. Among those, 55.7% (233/417) searched the internet for health-related information. Regression analyses revealed that internet use was significantly associated with younger age (odds ratio [OR] 0.89, 95% CI 0.85-0.92; P<.001), male gender (OR 2.84, 95% CI 2.02-4.00; P<.001), higher education levels (OR 6.69, 95% CI 4.48-9.99; P<.001), a wider social network (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07; P=.01), higher health-related quality of life (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.03; P=.006), lower levels of depressive symptoms (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.80-0.99; P=.04), and higher rates of chronic illness (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.04-1.21; P<.004).

Conclusions

This study provides population-representative data on internet use in old age in Germany. People in the older and oldest age groups participate in online activities. Understanding the factors that are associated with older adults internet use can contribute to developing tailored interventions and eHealth (electronic health) services to improve well-being in older adults.
Shared Decision Making and Patient-Centered Care in Israel, Jordan, and the United States: Exploratory and Comparative Survey Study of Physician Perceptions
Authors: Zisman-Ilani Yaara , Obeidat Rana , Fang Lauren , Hsieh Sarah , Berger Zackary
Published: August 2020

Background

Shared decision making (SDM) is a health communication model that evolved in Europe and North America and largely reflects the values and medical practices dominant in these areas.

Objective

This study aims to understand the beliefs, perceptions, and practices related to SDM and patient-centered care (PCC) of physicians in Israel, Jordan, and the United States.

Methods

A hypothesis-generating comparative survey study was administered to physicians from Israel, Jordan, and the United States.

Results

A total of 36 surveys were collected via snowball sampling (Jordan: n=15; United States: n=12; Israel: n=9). SDM was perceived as a way to inform patients and allow them to participate in their care. Barriers to implementing SDM varied based on place of origin; physicians in the United States mentioned limited time, physicians in Jordan reported that a lack of patient education limits SDM practices, and physicians in Israel reported lack of communication training. Most US physicians defined PCC as a practice for prioritizing patient preferences, whereas both Jordanian and Israeli physicians defined PCC as a holistic approach to care and to prioritizing patient needs. Barriers to implementing PCC, as seen by US physicians, were mostly centered on limited appointment time and insurance coverage. In Jordan and Israel, staff shortage and a lack of resources in the system were seen as major barriers to PCC implementation.

Conclusions

The study adds to the limited, yet important, literature on SDM and PCC in areas of the world outside the United States, Canada, Australia, and Western Europe. The study suggests that perceptions of PCC might widely differ among these regions, whereas concepts of SDM might be shared. Future work should clarify these differences.
Chinese Clinical Named Entity Recognition in Electronic Medical Records: Development of a Lattice Long Short-Term Memory Model With Contextualized Character Representations
Authors: Li Yongbin , Wang Xiaohua , Hui Linhu , Zou Liping , Li Hongjin , Xu Luo , Liu Weihai
Published: August 2020

Background

Clinical named entity recognition (CNER), whose goal is to automatically identify clinical entities in electronic medical records (EMRs), is an important research direction of clinical text data mining and information extraction. The promotion of CNER can provide support for clinical decision making and medical knowledge base construction, which could then improve overall medical quality. Compared with English CNER, and due to the complexity of Chinese word segmentation and grammar, Chinese CNER was implemented later and is more challenging.

Objective

With the development of distributed representation and deep learning, a series of models have been applied in Chinese CNER. Different from the English version, Chinese CNER is mainly divided into character-based and word-based methods that cannot make comprehensive use of EMR information and cannot solve the problem of ambiguity in word representation.

Methods

In this paper, we propose a lattice long short-term memory (LSTM) model combined with a variant contextualized character representation and a conditional random field (CRF) layer for Chinese CNER: the Embeddings from Language Models (ELMo)-lattice-LSTM-CRF model. The lattice LSTM model can effectively utilize the information from characters and words in Chinese EMRs; in addition, the variant ELMo model uses Chinese characters as input instead of the character-encoding layer of the ELMo model, so as to learn domain-specific contextualized character embeddings.

Results

We evaluated our method using two Chinese CNER datasets from the China Conference on Knowledge Graph and Semantic Computing (CCKS): the CCKS-2017 CNER dataset and the CCKS-2019 CNER dataset. We obtained F1 scores of 90.13% and 85.02% on the test sets of these two datasets, respectively.

Conclusions

Our results show that our proposed method is effective in Chinese CNER. In addition, the results of our experiments show that variant contextualized character representations can significantly improve the performance of the model.
Not Forgetting the Original, Absorbing Foreign Things, Facing the Future—Comment on Wu Guodong’s “Chinese National Music”
Authors: Bao Yueli
Published: August 2020

Mr. Wu Guodong has devoted his life to the research of national music and ethnomusicology. His works are various and achieved. Also, he practices the academic concepts himself introduced and takes the research of traditional Chinese music and culture to a more profound level. “Chinese National Music” is a masterpiece of Wu Guodong, which concentrates on teaching and combines the ethnomusicology discipline theory and traditional music research techniques. This book describes Chinese national music from five perspectives: folk songs, folk instrumental music, song and dance music, opera music, and opera music. As a new variety of textbooks, its combination of rational cognition and perceptual experience dramatically improves readers’ interest in reading. Thus, it intends to allow more students to comprehend and understand China’s rich and diverse national music from each perspective.
FORMULATION OPTIMIZATION AND EVALUATION OF FLURBIPROFEN EMULGEL
Authors: CHODANKAR DIKSHA S. , KUDCHADKAR SACHI S. , GUDE RAJASHREE S. , NAVTI PRERANA D. , SAWANT SANAM M.
Published: August 2020

Objective: The objective of the present study was to formulate flurbiprofen (FLB) emulgel, evaluation of the formulations and the selection of an optimized formulation through in vitro drug release and drug content studies. Flurbiprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) requiring frequent administration and its chronic intake can lead to systemic side effects like gastric irritation and GI bleeding. The development of a dermal drug delivery system can overcome these side effects.

Methods: The emulgel formulations were produced using different combinations of oil and emulsifying agents. Carbopol 940 was used as a gelling agent. The prepared emulgels were evaluated for general appearance, pH, spreadability, extrudability, drug content, in vitro drug release, average globule size and viscosity.

Results: Optimized formulation F7 showed a better in vitro drug release compared to the marketed gel preparation. The stability study for the optimized formulation was carried out at 25 °C/60 % RH for 3 mo and the emulgel was found to be stable concerning the physical appearance, pH and drug content.

Conclusion: The study revolved around the formulation of emulgel containing Flurbiprofen for dermal delivery of the drug. Emulgel was formulated with the purpose to enhance the permeation of poorly water-soluble drug FLB. The study concluded that the optimized emulgel containing FLB exhibited better in vitro drug release profile compared to the marketed formulation.
BANANA PEEL FLAKES ALLEVIATE BLOOD GLUCOSE AND STRESS IN A DOSE-DEPENDENT MANNER
Authors: MELIALA ANDREANYTA , SUMIWI YUSTINA ANDWI ARI , NARWIDINA PARAMITA , RINI SRI LESTARI SULISTYO , SETYANINGSIH WIDIASTUTI
Published: August 2020

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antidiabetic and antidepressant effects of banana peel flakes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Methods: Twenty-five male Wistar rats were classified into five groups with different treatments. Groups I to IV were diabetic rats model groups that consumed only standard diet, standard diet containing 5%, 10%, and 20% of banana peel flakes, respectively. While group V was a healthy control group fed a standard diet. Immunohistochemistry staining was measured to examine serotonin expression in the colon and pancreas.

Results: The diabetic rats treated with 20% banana peel flakes had a lower blood glucose concentration (p<0.05) compared with diabetic control and showed a shorter duration of immobility time (p<0.05) than the healthy control. Additionally, compared with diabetic control, the diabetic rats treated with 5% banana peel flakes showed higher serotonin expression (p<0.05) in the colon. In contrast, serotonin expression in the pancreas did not show any significant difference (p>0.05).

Conclusion: The present study disclosed that the banana peel flakes provided an antidepressant effect in the diabetic rats model, which might occur through the mechanism of controlling blood glucose concentration.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF NOVEL ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES FOR IN VITRO DISSOLUTION STUDY AND VALIDATION PROTOCOL FOR ESCITALOPRAM AS ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUG AND THEIR FORMULATION
Authors: BAIRAGI SHRIRAM H. , GHOSH R. S.
Published: August 2020

Objective: To develop and validate the RP-HPLC method and in vitro dissolution study for escitalopram as antidepressant drug and their formulation.

Methods: The chromatographic separation was done by using a C-18, 150 mm column and a mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer (40%) and acetonitrile HPLC grade (60%). Detection was carried out at 211 nm with a flow rate of 1 ml/min with an injection of 20 μl. The method was validated with different parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, robustness, and limit of detection (LOD), the limit of quantification (LOQ) according to ICH guidelines.

Results: The linear calibration curve was obtained in the concentration range of 0-50 μg/ml and gave an average correlation factor 0.992. The retention time was observed at 2.96 min. The Minimum concentration level at which the analyte can be reliably detected (LOD) and quantified (LOQ) were found to be 0.03 and 0.09 µg/ml, respectively. The relative standard deviation of intra and the inter-day assay was found to be less than 2. The dissolution studies show moderate dissolution (23.4%) after 45 min, but it reaches a plateau after approximately 25 min.

Conclusion: This method was found to be simple, rapid and economic with less run time. The validated parameters manifest the method is reliable, linear, accurate and precise as well as robust with minor variations in chromatographic parameters. Therefore, the developed method can be applied for both routine analysis and quality control assay and it could be a very powerful tool to investigate the stability of escitalopram.
PREVALENCE AND CORRELATION OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE AMONG FEMALES IN JEDDAH, SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: BAGALAGEL ALAA
Published: August 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of contraceptive use and the correlates of contraceptive use among females in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Moreover, it aimed to evaluate the knowledge about contraceptives and their use.

Methods: The study was a community-based, cross-sectional descriptive survey conducted in Saudi Arabia from 28 September 2015 to 10 December 2015.

Results: The current study showed that the most commonly used contraceptives were intrauterine devices (IUD’s) (29.1%), followed by male condoms (27.7%). Most of the participants, 47.6%, started using a contraceptive after giving birth to their first child. Nearby, 60% of participants used contraceptives without a prescription or medical advice. Only 13.7 % of participants sought the advice of a pharmacist about which contraceptive they should use, while 30.6% and 24.2% of participants choose their contraceptive based on general knowledge and relatives’ experiences, respectively. Around 80% of participants stated that they did not have any problem while buying contraceptives from pharmacies without a prescription.

Conclusion: Pharmacists and medical health providers need to fill this gap to improve the use of contraceptives.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON MEDICAMENTS USED IN MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: JAMWAL ANUPAM
Published: August 2020

Diabetes has a global prevalence in developed countries and rapidly flexing its roots in middle-and low-income countries. According to the World Health Organization, it is a major cause of kidney collapse, heart problems, and lower limb amputation. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder showing an uncontrolled increase in blood glucose levels. To date, no permanent cure has been developed for the complete restoration of impaired glucose haemostasis. With the use of therapeutic agents and nontherapeutic agents, glucose levels can be kept in control for a very long time. The foremost goal of all current ongoing treatments is to control high blood glucose levels, reduction in elevated lipid levels, and delay in the progression of diabetes-related complications. Various therapeutics agents are developed in recent decades, which shown very promising results in the management of diabetes mellitus. These agents prescribed after reviewing the clinical symptoms and situation of an individual patient. This review compiles noteworthy information related to clinically approved medicaments for diabetes mellitus. Review emphasis on categorization, mechanism of action, noted adverse effects along with the physiological responses of used medicines to treat diabetes mellitus.
REFLEKSIJE O PRAVNOM NIHILIZMU
Authors: Peric Diligenski Tijana
Published: August 2020

Pravni nihilizam se u tekstu rada poima kao selektivna, proizvoljna i neformalna političko-komandna primena prava koja rezultira njegovom zloupotrebom. Kao pravni nihilisti detektuju se politički akteri, pravosudni funkcioneri i građani i sve njih karakteriše deficitarna pravna svest koja se ogleda u nepoštovanju ili relativizovanju pravnih normi i vrednosnih sudova inkorporisanih u njih. Nakon teorijskih promišljanja o pravnom nihilizmu kao pojavnoj manifestaciji nepravne svesti, u radu je portretisana praktična strana ovog fenomena primarno kroz ruski a sekundarno i kroz srpski arhetip. Zaključuje se da se pravni nihilizam javlja u ambijentima pravne nesigurnosti, autoritarnih tendencija i podaničke političkokulturne matrice. Kao paradigmatični primeri navode se Rusija i Srbija kao države u kojima nalog vladavine prava i etos građanske obligacije nikada nije istinski zaživeo.
U IŠČEKIVANJU USTAVNIH PROMENA – IZMEĐU DE IURE I DE FACTO NEZAVISNOSTI SUDSTVA
Authors: Djordjevic Aleksandar
Published: August 2020

U radu autor najpre ukazuje na osnovna obeležja nezavisnosti sudstva kao načela koje je od ključne važnosti za ostvarivanje vladavine prava. On naročito insistira na teorijskom razlikovanju de iure i de facto nezavisnosti. Potom autor analizira ustavne i zakonske propise, dajući kratak osvrt na istoriju i sadašnjost pravosuđa, zaključujući da je jaz između pravne nezavisnosti sudstva i faktičke, odnosno suštinske nezavisnosti sudstva u Srbiji još uvek prilično veliki, kao i da bi trebalo strateški osmisliti reformu Ustava u delu o pravosuđu, što do danas očigledno nije bio slučaj. Autor na kraju ukazuje na sve relevantne pravne i političko-kulturološke faktore koje treba ostvariti na putu ka pravoj nezavisnosti sudstva kao vrhunskoj ustavnoj vrednosti.
KONTINUIRANI KRIVIČNOPRAVNI INTERVENCIONIZAM – NA RASKRŠĆU POLITIKE I PRAVA
Authors: Bodrozic Ivana
Published: August 2020

Polazeći od pretpostavke da je krivično pravo ultima ratio societatis, kao instrument državne reakcije na kriminalitet, ta da je kao takvo zasnovano na pravno-dogmatskim načelima o sopstvenoj izuzetnosti, supsidijarnosti i fragmentarnosti, koja podrazumevaju relativno konzervativan karakter ove naglašeno represivne grane prava, u radu se analiziraju osobenosti kontinuiranih zakonodavnih intervencija u oblasti odredaba materijalnog krivičnog prava u Republici Srbiji i nastoji dati odgovor na pitanje kakve su njihove mogućnosti i dometi u borbi protiv kriminaliteta, kao nacionalne odgovornosti državne vlasti, kao i da li su zasnovane na pravnim ili političkim implikacijama?
Iako krivično pravo kao sistem pravnih normi mora stalno da se prilagođava uslovima savremenog kriminaliteta, u okvirima brzog i dinamičnog razvoja društva i društvenih odnosa, što se manifestuje kroz intervencije zakonodavca, kao dela političke vlasti, ono mora biti čvrst i relativno konzervativan sistem propisa, jer se na osnovu njegove koherentnosti i stabilnosti može procenjivati karakter demokratičnosti društva, načelno posmatrano.
Iako je Republika Srbija usvajanjem Krivičnog zakonika 2006. godine dobila moderan, kodifikovan, sistemski zakon iz oblasti materijalnog krivičnog prava, on je višekratno, čak sedam puta, menjan i dopunjavan, te se u radu analiziraju pitanja opravdanosti i nužnosti ovih kontinuiranih intervencionističkih zahvata, njihovog karaktera, kao i pitanja određivanja njihove dominantne prirode kao pravne ili političke.
Autor u radu iznosi zaključak da reforme u oblasti krivičnog materijalnog prava, kao isključivo pravnog mehanizma kontrole kriminaliteta, moraju biti u skladu sa obimom, dinamikom i formama savremenog kriminaliteta, nasuprot čemu stoje svi oblici njegove politizacije radi postizanja dnevnopolitičkih ciljeva.
ZABRANA TELESNOG KAŽNJAVANJA DECE U SRBIJI
Authors: Vujovic Ranka
Published: August 2020

Razmatrajući Drugi i Treći periodični izveštaj Republike Srbije o ostvarivanju prava dece garantovanih Konvencijom o pravima deteta, Komitet Ujedinjenih nacija za prava deteta uputio je našoj zemlji 41 preporuku za unapređenje dečjih prava, među kojima je i preporuka o eksplicitnoj zabrani telesnog kažnjavanja dece. Preporukom se sugeriše potreba da se izričito zakonom zabrani telesno kažnjavanje dece, da se ta zabrana prati i sprovodi u svim okruženjima i da se kroz podizanje svesti promovišu pozitivni, nenasilni i participativni načini vaspitavanja.
Pitanje dopuštenosti telesnog kažnjavanja dece odavno je tema oko koje u domaćoj opštoj i stručnoj javnosti ne postoji saglasnost, a navedenom preporukom je i među stručnjacima koji smatraju da je telesno kažnjavanje dece apsolutno nedopustivo, otvoreno pitanje stepena usaglašenosti domaćih propisa o pravima deteta sa međunarodnim standardima i praksom u toj oblasti. I dok jedni smatraju da je domaći pravni okvir zabrane zlostavljanja i zanemarivanja dece sasvim zadovoljavajući i da je Republika Srbija, upravo uvažavajući obaveze preuzete potpisivanjem, potvrđivanjem ili pristupanjem brojnim međunarodnim ugovorima o ljudskim pravima i pravima deteta, svoje unutrašnje zakonodavstvo u punoj materiji uskladila sa zahtevanim međunarodnim standardima, na nivou pojedinih institucija i tela zaduženih za praćenje stanja u oblasti ljudskih prava i prava deteta provejava stav da u našoj zemlji telesno kažnjavanje dece ipak nije zakonom zabranjen način vaspitavanja.
Svrha ovog rada jeste da predstavi, analizira i kritički preispita važeće propise kojima su u Republici Srbiji uređena prava deteta na dostojanstvo i fizički integritet i da podstakne naučnu i stručnu raspravu o problematičnim područjima pravnog regulisanja predmetnog pitanja. Ovo je važno i sa aspekta unapređenja sadržine budućeg zakona o pravima deteta i zaštitniku prava deteta, čiji je nacrt nedavno upućen na javnu raspravu.
SOLUNSKI FRONT I SRBI: IZMEĐU ZABORAVA I MESTA NACIONALNOG SEĆANJA
Authors: Kolakovic Aleksandra
Published: August 2020

Snažne mentalne predstave koje su događaji Velikog rata (1914–1918) ostavili na svest savremenika trajno su utkane u temelje nacionalnog identiteta. Pored sloma Srbije 1915. godine i povlačenja preko Albanije do Krfa, proboj Solunskog fronta i oslobađanje imaju posebno mesto u istoriji Srba. Ipak, proces prenošenja sećanja i utisaka o događajima sa Solunskog fronta, tokom godina i novih izazova, ratova, društveno-političkih, ekonomskih kulturnih transformacija bilo je izloženo i periodima zaborava i/ili smeštanja u drugi plan i u okvire hibridnih identiteta (jugoslovenstvo). Rad ima cilj da kroz analizu narativa i kulturnih politika istraži (dis)kontinuitet kolektivnog sećanja Srba na događaje Velikog rata. U vreme obeležavanja 100. godišnjice od najslavnijeg i najtragičnijeg perioda u srpskoj istoriji, pažnja je posvećena mestu Solunskog fronta i oslobođenja Srbije u nacionalnom sećanju Srba u istorijskom i aktuelnom kontekstu. Cilj je da se osvetli u kakvom je obliku sećanje prenošeno u proteklih sto godina i ko su bili prenosioci. Takođe, poseban cilj jeste analiza načina na koji su različiti sistemi i državna uređenja u kojima je živeo srpski narod uticali na formiranje sećanja, kao i na razliku u negovanju sećanja u matici i dijaspori. Analiza narativa i kulturnih politika ukazuje na kontinuitet diskontinuiteta kolektivnog sećanja Srba na događaje Velikog rata, a posebno događaja povezanih sa Solunskim frontom. Na negovanje kulture sećanja uticale su kulturne politike u vreme jugoslovenstva, koje su imale za primarni cilj stvaranje jugoslovenskog identiteta. Posebno su nakon Drugog svetskog rata mesta sećanja (lieux de memoire), kako ih je u onom smislu definisao Pjer Nora, odlazila u zaborav ili su povezivana u zajedničke okvire sećanja na dva svetska rata. Srbi izvan matice (dijaspora), u nastojanjima da očuvaju identitet posebno su negovali sećanje na Solunski front, kao i ostale događaje Velikog rata. Obeležavanje stogodišnjice Velikog rata postala je prilika i da Solunski front oživi u nacionalnom sećanju Srba. Stoga, rad nastoji da pruži i preporuke za kreiranje kulturnih politika, odnosno, politika sećanja u Srbiji.
PANDEMIJE I INSTITUCIONALNI IZAZOVI U SAVREMENOM DRUŠTVU
Authors: Djuric Zivojin , Stojadinovic Misa
Published: August 2020

Pandemije, pored katastrofalnih posledica po ljudske živote i globalnu ekonomiju, poseduju mnogo širi kontekst koji je neophodno sagledati. Neoliberalizam se u savremenom društvu uspostavio kao definišuća paradigma političkog i ekonomskog razvoja što je posledično dovelo do urušavanja institucija nacionalne države. Transformacija zdravstvenih sistema prema neoliberalnim principima je dovela do njihovog slabljenja. Samim tim neophodno je analizirati i društveni i politički kontekst pandemija, jer je suočavanje sa njima do sada direktno zavisilo od kapaciteta kojim su nacionalne države raspolagale u trenutku njihovog izbijanja. Ovde se, međutim, suočavamo sa velikim izazovom jer na ovom polju prevashodno dominiraju studije iz medicine i ekonomije, dok je politikološki i sociološki aspekt stavljen u drugi plan. Ovaj rad nema pretenzije pružanja konačnih odgovora, već pre svega čini pregled nekih osnovnih hipoteza od značaja sa aspekta politikološkog i sociološkog diskursa, a koji je, takođe, neophodan u cilju stvaranja uslova da se na najoptimalniji način suočimo sa posledicama pandemija.
The Role of Mathematical Connections in Mathematical Problem Solving
Authors: Pambudi Didik Sugeng , Budayasa I Ketut , Lukito Agung
Published: August 2020

Problem-solving and mathematical connections are two important things in learning mathematics, namely as the goal of learning mathematics. However, it is unfortunate that the ability of students 'mathematical connections is very low so that it impacts on students' failure in solving mathematical problems. The writing of this paper aims to discuss the understanding of mathematical problems, mathematical problem solving, mathematical connections, and how they play a role in solving mathematical problems. The method used in writing this paper is a method of studying literature, which is reinforced by the example of a qualitative research result. The research subjects consisted of two eighth grade students of junior high school in Jember East Java, Indonesia, in 2017/2018. The research data consisted of written test results solving the mathematical problem as well as interview results. Data analysis uses descriptive qualitative analysis. From the results of literature studies and research results provide a conclusion that mathematical connections play an important role, namely as a tool for students to use in solving mathematical problems where students who have good mathematical connection skills succeed in solving mathematical problems well, while poor mathematical connection skills cause students to fail in solving mathematical problems.
Bessie Head's Australian Interviews
Authors: Driver Dorothy
Published: August 2020

Bessie Head’s international reputation – as novelist, short-story writer, essayist and chronicler – brought her to Australia in 1984, primarily for Adelaide’s Writers’ Week but also to visit Sydney, Melbourne and Hobart. In Adelaide, in February, she was interviewed by Suzanne Hayes of the College of Technical and Further Education. The following month, in Launceston, she was interviewed by Andrew Peek of the Tasmanian College of Adult Education. Both interviews are re-printed here: first, Peek’s, minimally re-edited (the original audio recording appears not to be extant), and second, Hayes’, edited anew from its original recording. Over a third of a century has passed since then, but Head’s voice rings out to us with a lamentably contemporary relevance: ‘choked’, as she tells Hayes, in a white-dominated South Africa, where she lived for the first twenty-seven years of her life, and then alienated in Botswana as a refugee and as a female writer of ‘mixed race’, ‘deprived all round’.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Ibu Hamil Memilih Penolong Persalinan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Malakopa Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai
Authors: Neti Desi Fitria , Waris Lukman , Yulianto Aris
Published: August 2020

Abstrak

Kematian ibu dan anak masih menjadi masalah kesehatan. Risiko mengalami kematian ibu atau bayi bagi ibu melahirkan sangat dipengaruhi di mana seorang ibu hamil memilih penolong persalinan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ibu hamil dalam memilih penolong persalinan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Malakopa Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Data dikumpulkan pada Puskesmas Malakopa Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai Provinsi Sumatrera Barat bulan Maret 2017. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara random sampling, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS. Pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian Ibu hamil di wilayah Puskesmas Malakopa yang memilih bersalin dengan tenaga kesehatan sebesar 62,9%, persalinan ditolong oleh tenaga non kesehatan sebesar 37,1%. Uji statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara faktor internal dan eksternal pada kelompok ibu hamil terhadap pemilihan penolong persalinan. Untuk itu disarankan dalam meningkatkan cakupan persalinan nakes di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Malakopa Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai diperlukan perhatian kusus bagi tenaga kesehatan terhadap faktor yang mempengaruhi ibu hamil dalam memilih penolong persalinan.

Kata kunci: Ibu Hamil, Penolong Persalinan

Abstract

Maternal and child mortality is still becoming health problem. The risk of having a mother or baby’s death for the mother of childbirth is strongly influenced where a pregnant woman chooses a birth attendant. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence pregnant women in choosing birth attendants in the working area of Malakopa Health Center, Mentawai Islands District. This research is quantitative method with cross- sectional design. Data was collected at Malakopa Health Center, Mentawai Islands District, West Sumatera Province, in March 2017. The sampling technique was random sampling. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Collecting data through observation, interviews, and document review. The results of the study of pregnant women in the Malakopa Health Center area who chose to give birth with health workers were 62.9%, deliveries were assisted by non-health workers by 37.1%. The statistic test showed no significant relationship between internal and external factors in the group of pregnant women on the selection of birth attendants. It is recommended that in increasing coverage of health workers in the working area of the Malakopa Health Center, Mentawai District need special attention for health workers on factors that affect pregnant women in choosing birth attendants.

Keywords: Pregnant Women, Birth attendants
Prevalensi Psikosis di Indonesia berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018
Authors: Idaiani Sri , Yunita Indri , Tjandrarini Dwi Hapsari , Indrawati Lely , Darmayanti Ika , Kusumawardani Nunik , Mubasyiroh Rofingatul
Published: August 2020

Abstrak

Psikosis adalah gangguan jiwa yang memiliki prevalensi kecil dibandingkan gangguan jiwa lainnya tetapi mempunyai beban penyakit yang cukup tinggi. Tujuan analisis ini adalah untuk memperoleh prevalensi psikosis pada penduduk Indonesia secara nasional, per provinsi dan melihat sebaran psikosis antara perkotaan, perdesaan berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2018. Analisis ini merupakan analisis lanjut Riskesdas dilaksanakan di 34 provinsi, 514 kabupaten/kota pada bulan Juli 2018. Jumlah blok sensus 29.824 dengan respon rate 99,41%, jumlah rumah tangga dikunjungi dan diwawancara 282.654 dengan respon rate 95,58%. Enumerator bertanya kepada kepala keluarga atau yang mewakilinya mengenai adakah anggota rumah tangga (ART) di rumah tersebut yang pernah atau sedang mengalami gangguan jiwa psikosis dan berapa banyak jumlahnya. Analisis dilakukan dengan perangkat statistik SPSS versi 22 dengan metode complex sample. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018, didapatkan estimasi prevalensi orang yang pernah menderita psikosis di Indonesia sebesar 1,8 per 1000 penduduk. Prevalensi antar provinsi berkisar 0.9 sampai 3.5 per 1000 penduduk. Prevalensi psikosis lebih tinggi di perdesaan dibandingkan di perkotaan (p=0,099).

Kata kunci: Riskesdas 2018, psikosis, prevalensi

Abstract

Psychosis is a mental disorder that has a small prevalence compared to other mental disorders but it has a fairly high burden of disease. The purpose of this analysis is to obtain the national, provincial prevalence of psychosis and to compare the prevalence between urban and rural regions in Indonesia based on Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2018. This is an advance analysis. Riskesdas was implemented in July 2018 in 34 provinces and 514 regencies/cities. A total of 29,824 census blocks with a response rate of 99.41%, as many as 282.654 households visited and interviewed with a response rate of 95.58%. The enumerator interviewed the head of the family or his representative regarding the existence of household members (ART) in the house who had or were experiencing psychosis and how many of them. The analysis was carried out with SPSS version 22 using the complex sample method. Based on Riskesdas 2018, an estimated prevalence of people who have suffered psychosis in Indonesia is 1.8 per 1000 population. The prevalence between provinces ranges from 0.9 to 3.5 per 1000 population. The prevalence is higher in rural than urban area (p=0.099).

Keywords: Riskesdas 2018, psychosis, prevalence
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA) di Puskesmas Cibinong Tahun 2019
Authors: Pebrina Reffi Jordania , Kusmiyanti Margaretha , Surianto Fulgensius
Published: August 2020

Abstrak

Kanker serviks merupakan peringkat enam penyebab utama kematian wanita dan peringkat dua kematian pada wanita berusia 15-44 tahun. Di Asia deteksi dini penyakit kanker serviks dilakukan melalui pemeriksaan Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pemeriksaan inspeksi visual asam asetat (IVA) di Puskesmas Cibinong Tahun 2019. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan desain cross-sectional pada 44 responden pasien KIA di Puskesmas Cibinong. Pengumpulan data di lakukan pada bulan April 2019 dengan menggunakan kuesioner dengan variabel umur, pendidikan, pekerjaan, pengetahuan, dukungan keluarga dan dukungan petugas kesehatan yang telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi square dan kendall’s tau b. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa umur (p-value 0,008) dan dukungan petugas kesehatan (p-value 0,015) berhubungan bermakna dengan pemeriksaan IVA dan faktor yang tidak berhubungan dengan pemeriksaan IVA ialah pendidikan, pekerjaan, pengetahuan dan dukungan keluarga. Hal tersebut menunjukkan perlunya peningkatan program promosi kesehatan, sosialisasi dan konseling kepada para ibu yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Cibinong.

Kata kunci: wanita, kanker serviks, Inspeksi Visual Asam Asetat (IVA)

Abstract

Cases of cervical cancer, as ranked 6th leading cause of female death and rank 2nd death in women aged 15-44 years. In Asia cervical cancer early screening or detection programs is through Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA). The study aims to analyze factors related to the examination of Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) in Cibinong Health Center’s in 2019. This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 44 respondents patient KIA in Cibinong Health Center’s. Data collection was taken through filling a set of questionnaires in April 2019 which have been tested for validity and reliability. Analysis performed by chi-square and Kendall’s tau b. The analysis shows age (p-value 0,008) and health practitioner’s support (p-value 0,015) are significantly related to examination of VIA and factor is not related to examination of VIA is education, job, knowledge and family support. It evidence to improve health promotion programs socialization and counseling for mothers who visit the Cibinong Health Center.

Keywords: women, cervical cancer, Visual Inspection Acetic Acid (VIA)
POTENSI INTEGRASI PROGRAM SKRINING HIPOTIROID PADA NEONATAL DI DAERAH REPLETE DEFISIENSI IODIUM
Authors: Latifah Leny , Asturiningtyas Ika Puspita , Nurcahyani Yusi Dwi , Ashar Hadi , Sukandar Prihatin Broto
Published: August 2020

Latar Belakang. Prevalensi hipotiroid kongenital (HK) lebih tinggi di daerah endemik Gangguan Akibat Kekurangan Iodium (GAKI) menyebabkan deteksi dan intervensi dini hipotiroid bayi menjadi penting. Belum ditemukan penelitian pelaksanaan skrining dengan Neonatal Hypothyroid Index (NHI) serta potensi integrasi skrining hipotiroid. Tujuan. Mengidentifikasi program skrining hipotiroid bayi di daerah endemik GAKI dan menganalisis potensi integrasinya. Metode. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif yang dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Magelang. Data diambil dengan wawancara mendalam semi terstruktur pada 14 informan terdiri dari penanggung jawab program tingkat Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten (DKK) Magelang, puskesmas, dan pelaksana program. Dinas Kesehatan dan 4 Puskesmas di Kabupaten Magelang menjadi informan penelitian. Wawancara direkam dengan alat perekam digital, disusun dalam transkrip, dianalisis menggunakan analisis isi (content analysis). Trustworthiness data diperoleh melalui triangulasi sumber. Hasil. Terdapat dua program skrining hipotiroid kongenital di Kabupaten Magelang, yaitu Skrining Hipotiroid Kongenital (SHK) dan skrining dengan form NHI. Faktor pemungkin keberhasilan program bersumber kebijakan dan implementasi. Komitmen pendanaan mandiri SHK melalui APBD pada 500 bayi per tahun, skrining form NHI pada setiap bayi baru lahir, dan integrasi pelaksanaannya melalui program managemen terpadu bayi muda (MTBM). Program SHK dan NHI telah diimplementasikan bidan desa dan petugas gizi terintegrasi MTBM, pada usia lebih tinggi di posyandu. Faktor penghambatnya, dari sisi SDM adalah kurangnya supervisi/koordinasi serta bidan desa pelaksana belum mendapatkan pelatihan SHK, NHI, maupun MTBM. SOP rujukan penemuan kasus HK belum jelas.Hasil skrining berhasil menemukan kasus HK. Kesimpulan. Deteksi dini hipotiroid kongenital telah dilakukan di Kabupaten Magelang. Keterbatasan anggaran menyebabkan SHK mencakup sebagian kecil sasaran, kemudian dijangkau dengan skrining NHI semua neonatus. Integrasi MTBM dilakukan dalam pelaksanaan, pelaporan, dan melampirkan form NHI dalam pemeriksaan MTBM. Fisibilitas integrasi terbukti dalam penemuan kasus HK dengan NHI terintegrasi MTBM. Integrasi program perlu diperluas dengan mengintegrasikan pelatihan NHI, HK, dan MTBM untuk pengembangan keterampilan bidan pelaksana program.
Cinco estrelas
Authors: Silva Luiz Mauricio Azevedo da
Published: August 2020

Stuart Jeffries, Grande Hotel Abismo: a Escola de Frankfurt e seu personagens. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2018. 456 páginas.
Figurações da História da Literatura no currículo escolar: o visível e o invisível na BNCC para o ensino médio
Authors: Rodrigues Daniele Gualtieri
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho intenta estabelecer relações entre os campos da História da Literatura e dos Estudos de Currículo assumindo, de antemão, algumas posições: a) história e cânone literários como resultado de um sistema de classificação; b) escola como uma das instituições que se encarregam de transmitir e colocar em circulação, na sociedade contemporânea, os saberes acumulados historicamente – dentre eles, a história literária; c) currículo como prática educacional (e também discursiva) que forja identidades. Partindo dessas premissas, busca descrever de que forma a BNCC de Língua Portuguesa para o ensino médio, no que concerne aos conteúdos de Literatura, aborda a produção de grupos subalternos, como afrodescendentes e mulheres, situando-os (ou não) na história literária brasileira.
A representação da identidade feminina em Maréia, de Miriam Alves
Authors: Costa Jéssica Fraga da
Published: August 2020

Tradicionalmente, as mulheres foram consideradas, nas mais variadas esferas, como inferiores ao sexo masculino. Em virtude do patriarcalismo, a mulher foi silenciada, excluída e vitimada por preconceitos e estereótipos ao longo da história. Ao se tratar da mulher negra, a situação é ainda mais complicada. À mulher branca cabia o silenciamento e subjugar-se ao homem, já o espaço reservado à mulher negra era mais inferiorizado. Com base nesta perspectiva, o romance Maréia, de Miriam Alves, suscita um novo olhar sobre a mulher e sobre a sua representação na literatura. A autora descortina e reescreve nosso passado, mesclado ao presente e desenha percursos femininos muito diferentes daqueles pré-estabelecidos. Com isso, pretende-se destacar as personagens femininas do romance e analisá-las. Para isso serão utilizados textos de autoras da crítica feminista tais como Maria Amélia de Almeida Teles e Vania Vasconcelos, dentre outras.