bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Maternal and Infant Health Indicators in Kazakhstan: 2003–2018
Authors: Abenova Madina , Myssayev Ayan , Kanya Lucy , Aldyngurov Daulet
Published: January 2022

AbstractBACKGROUND: The health status of women and children is the first and foremost priority for all countries in the world. In the first decade of Kazakhstan's independence, the country's population decreased by over 1million, or 9.7%. Since 2003, the population of Kazakhstan has been growing steadily and is projected to be 18.9 million people in 2021. The focus on maternal and child health, an increase in the birth rate and a decrease in child and maternal mortality rates are the most important directions for state policy to improve the health and demographic situation in the country. The main purpose of the article is to analyze the main indicators of maternal and neonatal health in Kazakhstan before and after the implementation of the state health development programs "Densaulyk" and "Salamatty Kazakhstan”. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out in two main databases of the Ministry of Health of Kazakhstan (Medinfo Database and www.stat gov kz).RESULTS: According to the official statistics in Medinfo database, almost all 12 maternal health and 11 infant health indicators had a positive tendency after implementing state programs (2011-2018). Notable exceptions among maternal and infant indicators included: rate of C-section increased to 81.3%, provision of care by obstetrician-gynecologists decreased to 16% and the number of hospital beds for pregnant women, women in labor and parturient women dropped to 37.9%, service provision by pediatricians (including neonatologists) decreased to 27.8% with provision of children's hospital beds dropping to 24.9%. CONCLUSIONS: Health indicators related to mother, pregnancy and children under 1 year old showed favorable results after implementing the state programs "Densaulyk" and "Salamatty Kazakhstan. However, high mortality rates among premature and low birth weight babies point to the need for changes in prevention and education systems in general.
Novel Insight of Cytokeratin 14 as a Biomarker in Diagnosing Bladder Cancer
Authors: Budaya Taufiq Nur , Permatasari Happy Kurnia , Widodo Widodo , Prawiro Sumarno Reto
Published: January 2022

Bladder cancer is the ninth most common type of cancer occurring in men. Screening for bladder cancer is often difficult due to limited proper modality and symptoms that is mild and unspecific. Leaving it untreated leads to greater morbidity and mortality. Therefore, finding a simple biomarker for screening purpose is necessary. Cytokeratin (CK) has been studied extensively as cancer biomarker. Detectable soluble CK was found in body fluid, including urine, and histological specimen using immunoassays. The level of its expression is mainly affected by cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cellular stress. CK 14, which is type I CK, was detected in the basal layer of epithelial cells and specific for squamous type of epithelial cell. CK 14 analysis in bladder cancer has revealed numerous functions such as predicting the development of bladder cancer, differentiating cancer origins, stratifying bladder cancer patients based on disease severity, and predicting bladder cancer recurrence. Its potential to become excellent biomarker makes it subject of interest in research development.
The Association of Angiotensin-converting Enzyme I/D and Angiotensinogen M235T Polymorphism Genes with Essential Hypertension: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Wibowo Agus , Hastuti Pramudji , Susanti Vinayanti
Published: January 2022

Objective:  Essential or primary hypertension in developing countries has become a major problem. Recent hypertension-related research has revealed susceptibility genes in genome-wide association studies. Several studies have associated angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I/D and angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T polymorphisms with essential hypertension, but results have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association of AGT and ACE polymorphisms with the risk of primary hypertension.
Methods: PubMed, Embase database, Medline, Goggle Scholar, Scopus.com, as well portal Garuda (www.garuda.ristekdikti.go.id) and Cochrane were used to retrieve all publications from 2006-2020 relating risk factors for hypertension with ACE I/D and AGT M235T polymorphisms. The meta-analysis was conducted from January –April 2020. All association studies were identified and data extracted from each study. Revman 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis to estimate odds ratios (OR) after extracting data and evaluating the quality of the enrolled studies.
Results: A total of 27 studies (totaling 5,105 patients and 5196 controls) were identified. The overall effect suggested ACE I/D was significantly associated with primary hypertension (OR: 95%CI=1.51[1.29-1.77], p=0.004). There was no association between AGT M235T with risk of essential hypertension.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis found significant association between ACE I/D gene polymorphisms with primary hypertension susceptibility. However, the AGT M235T gene had no association with the risk of primary hypertension. The Adrenoreceptor-beta/Renin Angiotensin System (ADRB/RAS) A allele should be considered a risk factor for essential hypertension.
The Effectiveness of Chlorpromazine to Decrease the Level of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Serum in Schizophrenic Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Tanra Andi Jayalangkara , Andi Sameggu Ahmad , Renaldi Rinvil , Bahar Burhanuddin , Syamsuddin Saidah , Ilyas Muhammad , Lisal Sonny T.
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. The COVID-19 pandemic has also had an impact on mental health, including those with schizophrenia (SCH). There were 131 inpatient schizophrenic patients who were confirmed positive for COVID-19 at Dadi Makassar Hospital, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, but all of these patients did not experience any clinical symptoms of COVID-19. Chlorpromazine as an antipsychotic also has antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects in schizophrenic patients with COVID-19, and the schizophrenic neuroinflammatory is very likely to occur in patients with COVID-19 infection.

AIM: The researchers tried to examine the effectiveness of chlorpromazine on serum TNF-values in schizophrenic patients with COVID-19.

METHODS: This research is a nested case–control study. The study was conducted on schizophrenic patients with mild and asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 at Dadi Mental Hospital with a sample of 40 patients compared to 42 schizophrenic patients who were not COVID-19. Study subjects received chlorpromazine 100 mg/day for 4 weeks. Serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays when COVID-19 was first confirmed and after 4 weeks. Positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and clinical global impression SCH (CGI-SCH) examinations were also performed to measure the clinical symptoms of SCH.

RESULTS: The comparison of baseline TNF-serum levels that increased in the schizophrenic group with COVID-19 was 9.33 pg/ml higher, compared to the schizophrenic group without COVID-19. The decrease in TNF-levels in the schizophrenic group with COVID-19 of 7.96 pg/ml (p < 0.001) indicated an improvement in TNF-serum levels at week 4. Meanwhile, there was no significant decrease in serum TNF- levels in the non-COVID-19 schizophrenic group (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSION: The serum TNF-value of schizophrenic patients with COVID-19 is higher than schizophrenic patients without COVID-19. Coadministration of chlorpromazine, antipsychotics, and COVID-19 therapy reduces serum TNF- values in schizophrenic patients with COVID-19. The administration of chlorpromazine and antipsychotic in therapeutic doses reduced the total PANSS and CGI-SCH values.
Strategies to Increase Postpartum Contraception in Palu City
Authors: Suarayasa Ketut , Yane Elli , Miranti Miranti , Fitriana Yuli
Published: January 2022

BACKGROUND: Fertility is contributed to the high birth rate, mortality, and migration. One effort to control the birth rate is through the family planning program, using contraceptives by couples of childbearing age. The family planning program regulates the distance between mothers’ pregnancies, prevents early or late age pregnancies, has quality reproductive health, and reduces maternal mortality.

AIM: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the balanced family planning counseling strategy (BFP-CS) educational model on changes in postpartum contraception behavior in pregnant women.

METHODS: The research used a quasi-experiment design with a non-randomized pre-test and post-test design, with a control group design. The study consisted of one intervention group (Talise Public Health) and one control group (Singgani Public Health), Palu city, with a purposive sampling technique of 43 respondents per group. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate.

RESULTS: The results showed that there was a significant improvement in knowledge (p = 0.00), attitude (p = 0.00), intention (p = 0.00), and the use of postpartum contraceptives (p = 0.00) before and after treatment. A significant difference was revealed between intervention and control groups on knowledge (p = 0.036), attitude (p = 0.01), intention (p = 0.00), and the use of postpartum contraceptives (p = 0.00).

CONCLUSIONS: Implementing the educational model of the BFP-CS could be an effective solution to improve knowledge, attitudes, intentions, and the use of postpartum contraceptives compared to the usual counseling method.
“Of thee I sing”: An opening to Dominique Boutet’s kinesiological approach to gesture
Authors: Morgenstern Aliyah , Chevrefils Lea , Blondel Marion , Vincent Coralie , Thomas Chloé , Jego Jean-François , Boutet Dominique
Published: January 2022

In this tribute to Dominique Boutet and the kinesiological approach he founded, the authors have tried to make their memories of the scientific collective projects they worked on together resonate with the written work of this extraordinary scientific partner, gathered in his published articles and his habilitation document (Boutet 2018). His approach based on an intimate knowledge of the biomechanics of the human body is centered on the structuring role of the body in gestures (and signed languages). It is form-based: the form of gestures shapes their meaning or function. Gestural units are described on the basis of their formal characteristics and physiological constraints rather than their imagistic iconicity.

The article presents the foundations of the approach, a synoptic description and some examples of its application. The originality of the kinesiological approach lies in the double revolution that it allows us to operate: on the one hand, gesture is not simply an appendix of speech; on the other hand; it is shaped by bodily physiology. The approach is based on the movements of the human body analyzed from a biomechanical point of view. The meaning of our gestural productions is the produce of our body, as it is naturally articulated, imprinted as it is by our past experiences.
A multimodal and kinesiological approach to the development of negation in signing and non-signing children
Authors: Boutet Dominique , Blondel Marion , Beaupoil-Hourdel Pauline , Morgenstern Aliyah
Published: January 2022

This article applies Boutet’s kinesiological approach (2018) to a study of the expression of negation in four children evolving in contrastive language environments: predominantly monolingual (English, French, LSF) or bilingual (LSF-French), predominantly unimodal (visual modality- gestural) or bimodal (visuo-gestural and audio-vocal). We approach the expression of negation in its developmental and multimodal aspects according to an integrated model that views gestures as part of language. Our hypothesis was that some of the formal features of the gestural expression of negation are invariant and common to signing and non-signing children. In this study, we describe the emergence and development of multimodal expressions of negation, depending on whether the target language integrates sign language or not, and explore the gestural invariants of the expression of negation. We focus on two shared gestures present in the four children to determine their kinesiological invariants. We show how the four children studied in this paper produce shared gestures combined with the target languages in bimodal expressions of negation. In addition, the two signing children use forms of gestural negation which gradually become grammaticalized and integrated into sign language with age. We propose a common origin to what are usually called “co-verbal gestures” of negation, and the sign language-core lexicon of negation. Shared gestures and sign-specific gestures could be part of a continuum in which semantic and formal features are tightly connected, confirming that the body informs meaning.
Exploring the role of the body in communicating ironic stance
Authors: de Vries Clarissa , Oben Bert , Brône Geert
Published: January 2022

Performing and understanding conversational irony requires a complex management of multiple viewpoints. To communicate and negotiate these intricate viewpoint shifts, speakers (and addressees) often use nonverbal means (e.g. gaze shifts, shrugs, shifts in body orientation, hand gestures, etc.) next to verbal viewpoint strategies. In the present paper we zoom in on the perspective of the speaker and try to describe and quantify bodily behavior in ironic utterances compared to non-ironic ones. To this end, we use data from a video-corpus of three-party interactions with participants wearing mobile eye-tracking devices that allow for precise eye gaze data. Our results show that speakers display more of the multimodal resources under scrutiny in ironic cases compared to non-ironic cases. More specifically, the involvement of bodily resources is mainly manifested in the use of laughter, head movements and body repositionings. We further show how those resources cluster into certain multimodal packages, and how the exact timing of the bodily behavior is relevant (i.e. the gaze behavior at the end of an ironic segment differs most notably from the end of a non-ironic one). Next to a quantitative analysis of the resources used in ironic talk in interaction, we also illustrate our findings with qualitative descriptions of relevant examples.
From the finger lift to the palm-up open hand when presenting a point: A methodological exploration of forms and functions
Authors: Cienki Alan
Published: January 2022

There are many studies on the palm-up open hand (PUOH) as a gesture used when the speaker is presenting a point, but many other gesture forms can also accompany this discursive move. While the forms may appear diverse based on traditional means of gesture analysis, the relations between a number of them can be analyzed in a coherent way using the kinesiological system developed by Boutet (2010; 2018; to appear). This system approaches gestural forms not from external criteria based on the viewer’s perspective (involving hand shapes, locations in gesture space, etc.), but rather from the inside; in the present analysis, the focus is on the directions of movements made at joints in producing them (e.g. whether flexion vs. extension was involved, whether any rotation involved was inward or outward, etc.). Four particular gestures are considered as points along a continuum: from the finger extension, to the forearm and wrist turn-out of the hand, to the supination of the PUOH, to an exaggerated form of the PUOH produced with extension and abduction of the upper arm. A multifunctional model is also proposed to analyze the degree of transparency of the different gestures’ representational, pragmatic, and interactive functions. The functional analysis performed with this model is grounded in form features from a combination of the kinesiological and traditional four-parameter form-based systems. This methodological exploration provides a model which could be applied or adapted for the analysis of other groups of gestures that are related in terms of their physiological means of production.
Trois enfants pour tous en Chine ?
Authors: Attané Isabelle
Published: January 2022

En 2021, la Chine a pour la seconde fois amendé sa Loi sur la population et la planification des naissances pour tenter de relancer la natalité en autorisant les couples à avoir trois enfants. Ce dernier amendement met donc fin à près d’un demi-siècle de contrôle strict des naissances. La nouvelle politique familiale risque cependant d’échouer à relancer la fécondité à court terme. L’autorisation d’un troisième enfant n’aura en effet que peu d’influence, car faire un troisième enfant suppose d’en avoir préalablement fait un premier, puis un deuxième. La nouvelle politique ne changera pas les aspirations individuelles de fond des jeunes adultes. L’allongement de la durée des études, notamment pour les femmes, une quête d’épanouissement personnel – qui passe désormais avant le souhait de fonder une famille –, et les inégalités entre les sexes, sont autant de facteurs expliquant que les jeunes se marient de plus en plus tard et font de moins en moins d’enfants.
Entre tri gestionnaire et tri professionnel
Authors: Gabarro Céline
Published: January 2022

Cet article montre comment la rationalisation du travail, en faisant des flux d’usagers et de dossiers des variables à contrôler, modifie la nature et le sens du travail des agents de l’Assurance maladie. Il s’intéresse à la manière dont la rationalisation du travail influence la façon dont chaque groupe professionnel se représente les usagers (levier de productivité pour les gestionnaires, menace à la productivité pour les cadres, et ressource pour donner du sens à leur travail pour les street-level bureaucrats) et trient parmi eux les « bons » des « mauvais » usagers. Tandis que les plus pauvres ne font pas le jeu des gestionnaires ni des cadres, ils peuvent être perçus, sous certaines conditions, comme des usagers idéaux par les agents d’accueil. Ce sont ainsi plusieurs stratégies professionnelles et niveaux de tri que met en avant cet article, en analysant comment ils se succèdent et s’articulent, et en montrant que ces opérations engendrent, in fine, la réorientation voire l’éviction des usagers les plus pauvres, qui dépendent de la couverture maladie universelle complémentaire (CMU-C) et de l’aide médicale d’État (AME).
Un intermédiaire du quotidien
Authors: Combes Hélène
Published: January 2022

Résumé Cet article étudie le rôle central des petites mains de la politique à Mexico qui construisent du lien politique local mais aussi national dans et depuis le quartier. L’auteur propose la notion d’intermédiaire du quotidien : un habitant du quartier qui, de par son insertion dans des réseaux de sociabilités locales, une disponibilité spécifique et ses savoir-faire (militants) discrets, accompagne ses voisins dans leur pratique du politique et de l’administration, par un travail invisible et invisibilisé. En décalant le regard de l’action contestataire vers la routine du quotidien se dévoilent donc des savoir-faire généralement invisibilisés par les collectifs militants, mais aussi les boîtes à outils analytiques du sociologue : la capacité à simplement être là, mais surtout y rester en période de contestation, à être toujours disponible et accessible pour ses voisins, à gérer l’attente dans la mobilisation et le rapport à l’administration. Dès lors, l’attente constitue une compétence militante fondamentale, tout comme la capacité à prendre la parole ou à utiliser des savoir-faire plus techniques.
Effect of Desmodium intortum and black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) based meal on sensory and physicochemical properties of broiler chicken meat in Kenya
Authors: Mutisya M.M. , Baleba S.B.S. , Kinyuru J.N. , Tanga C.M. , Gicheha M. , Hailu G. , Salifu D. , Egonyu J. , Cheseto X. , Niassy S.
Published: January 2022

We evaluated the effect of dietary inclusion of different ratios of Desmodium intortum (DI) and black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) on sensory traits and physicochemical qualities of broiler chicks meat. Three formulations: T1:75%BSFL:25%DI; T2:50%BSFL:50DI, and T3:25BSFL:75% DI as a protein source were tested. A conventional feed was used as the control diet. On day 42, the chickens were slaughtered, and thigh muscles were used for sensory and physicochemical evaluations. T1 was preferred for its flavour and tenderness, T2 for its juiciness and T3 for its colour, flavour, taste and overall acceptability scores. In terms of physical properties, all three types of meat had significantly lower moisture content and a higher water holding capacity than the control. T3 had the lowest moisture content, cooking loss and pH, whereas the meat from control diet had the highest cooking loss and pH. No significant differences were found in terms of meat lightness; however, meat from control diet showed the highest redness value, and T3 had the highest yellowness value. Dietary inclusion of DI-BSFL affected the fatty acid and cholesterol profiles of the meats. A holistic Principal Component Analysis indicated that the tested meats were distinct in their sensory and physicochemical properties. These variations in physicochemical properties may account for the difference in organoleptic perception, especially for T3. Further research should focus on feed modulation in relation to consumers’ preference and potential health benefits.
Evaluation of a 3D-printed pipette tip for seeding housefly eggs
Authors: Rossi G. , Bosch G. , Pisa L. , Oonincx D.G.A.B.
Published: January 2022

Egg manipulation is crucial in insect breeding and research. Housefly eggs are small, delicate and susceptible to dehydration. Hence, researchers require rapid and gentle ways to manipulate specific quantities, with consistent quality. Therefore, a 3D-printed pipette tip was designed and tested. Three series of pipette tips, differing in volume (A: 12.7 mm3; B: 15.2 mm3; and C: 17.7 mm3), were printed in triplicate and subjected to four experimental procedures. Eggs from a housefly colony were suspended in water, sucked up with the 3D-printed tip mounted on a Pasteur plastic pipette and released on a piece of coffee filter. Repeatability intra-run and reproducibility inter-day were evaluated by counting the eggs manipulated with the experimental tips. Time needed for egg sowing via a pipette tip was compared to time needed for counting 100 eggs delivered by a Paster pipette (control). Potential damage to eggs due to the pipette tip was estimated by quantifying fecundity (egg eclosion and larval survival). Coefficients of variation intra-run and inter-day were similar over replicates. Pipette set B had the best repeatability (coefficient of variation intra-run between 4.4 and 4.7%), and pipette set C the highest reproducibility (coefficient of variation inter-day of 2.6%). Egg damage due to the tip was negligible, however the tips did reduce larval survival (between 46.1±7.2% and 63.4±18.9%), compared to the control (between 66.0±2.4 and 75.5±9.3%). The pipette size and number of dispensed eggs correlated well (R2=0.90,P<0.001), but the relation was non-linear (y = 0.051034 x2+ 12.356 x – 0.03627). The time needed to sow a fixed number of eggs on the rearing substrate was reduced by 73% (pipette A) – 80% (pipette C) by using the pipette tip, compared to visual quantification.
Replacement of fishmeal by yellow mealworm meal on the growth performance, feed utilisation and quality of large yellow croaker
Authors: Yuan J. , Wu Y. , Zhang Z.-Y. , Tian S.-J. , Zhou H.-H. , Zhang W.-B. , Mai K.-S.
Published: January 2022

An 80-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor, TM) meal as substitute for dietary fishmeal on the growth performance, feed utilisation and flesh quality of large yellow croaker (initial body weight: 189.18±0.13 g). The control diet (TM0) was designed to contain 56% of fishmeal. Based on the TM0, graded levels of TM meal (15, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 100%, respectively) were used to replace fishmeal to formulate the other six experimental diets (TM15, TM30, TM45, TM60, TM75 and TM100), respectively. The results showed that the survival was not significantly affected by dietary TM meal levels (P>0.05). Compared with control group, the final body weight, weight gain rate and protein efficiency ratio decreased significantly when the replacement level over 30%, while feed conversion ratio increased significantly as replacement level over 45% (P<0.05). The total protein-bound amino acid content in muscle was significantly increased with the increase of dietary TM meal inclusion (P<0.05). With replacement level increasing, the percentage of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Σn-3/Σn-6 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in muscle significantly decreased (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the skin redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values in the ventral and bottom of ventral regions showed a decreasing and increasing trend, respectively (P<0.05). The TM100 group showed a higher myofibre diameter and lower myofibre density compared to the control group (P<0.05). Total replacement of fishmeal with TM meal significantly down-regulated and up-regulated the expression of myf6 and mstn, respectively (P<0.05). The contents of inosine-5′-monophosphate and total free amino acids were significantly decreased with the increase of TM meal inclusion (P<0.05). In conclusion, TM meal can replace at least 30% of dietary fishmeal protein without negative effects on the growth, feed utilisation and flesh quality of large yellow croaker.
Nonpharmacologic Therapeutics Targeting Sex Differences in the Comorbidity of Depression and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Garcia Ronald G. , Goldstein Jill M.
Published: January 2022

Major depressive disorder has been associated with a significant risk for the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. The impact of depression on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality is sex-dependent, with women having a greater risk for this comorbidity and poorer clinical outcomes. Although management of depressive symptomatology has been associated with a better prognosis in patients with comorbid depression and cardiovascular disease, a significant proportion remained undertreated, are refractory to antidepressant medications, or present cardiovascular side effects and drug interactions. The development and validation of novel, nonpharmacological interventions targeting the comorbidity of depression and cardiovascular disease in a sex-dependent manner may have a significant impact on the improvement of depressive symptomatology and cardiovascular outcomes with a better safety profile and broader applicability. The aim of this review is to evaluate existing nonpharmacologic therapeutics used for the management of this comorbidity and to review emerging interventions with potential sex-dependent effects on this population.

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Psychiatr Ann
. 2022;52(1):14–19.]
Sex Differences in the Co-Occurrence of PTSD and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Seligowski Antonia V. , Ressler Kerry J.
Published: January 2022

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly impairing psychiatric condition, and women are twice as likely as men to receive a diagnosis. It is thought that chronic arousal and physiological stress place individuals with PTSD at greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sex differences in CVD are also well established. For example, premenopausal women have lower CVD risk compared to men, and this is partly explained by higher levels of estradiol in premenopausal women. Estradiol is considered to be a protective factor against PTSD as well; therefore, it is important to understand the role of sex hormones in PTSD and CVD, including whether or not there is shared impact of sex hormones on the co-occurrence of these diseases. In this review, we discuss sex differences in PTSD and CVD, as well as the brain-heart connection in the PTSD-CVD link and current treatment approaches, considering sex as a biological variable.

[
Psychiatr Ann
. 2022;52(1):26–30.]
Phase mixing for solutions to 1D transport equation in a confining potential
Authors: Chaturvedi Sanchit , Luk Jonathan
Published: January 2022

Consider the linear transport equation in 1D under an external confining potential \begin{document}$ \Phi $\end{document}:

   \begin{document}$ \begin{equation*} {\partial}_t f + v {\partial}_x f - {\partial}_x \Phi {\partial}_v f = 0. \end{equation*} $\end{document}

For \begin{document}$ \Phi = \frac {x^2}2 + \frac { \varepsilon x^4}2 $\end{document} (with \begin{document}$ \varepsilon >0 $\end{document} small), we prove phase mixing and quantitative decay estimates for \begin{document}$ {\partial}_t \varphi : = - \Delta^{-1} \int_{ \mathbb{R}} {\partial}_t f \, \mathrm{d} v $\end{document}, with an inverse polynomial decay rate \begin{document}$ O({\langle} t{\rangle}^{-2}) $\end{document}. In the proof, we develop a commuting vector field approach, suitably adapted to this setting. We will explain why we hope this is relevant for the nonlinear stability of the zero solution for the Vlasov–Poisson system in \begin{document}$ 1 $\end{document}D under the external potential \begin{document}$ \Phi $\end{document}.
PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA EM ADMINISTRAÇÃO SOBRE PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA NOS EVENTOS DA ANPAD ENTRE 2010-2020
Authors: Pedroso Dourado Leoanardo , Dias de Faria Marina
Published: January 2022

Mesmo com uma elevada parte da população que se declara pessoa com deficiência (PcD), aproximadamente 24% dos brasileiros, é perceptível que há um baixo número de publicações acadêmicas na área da Administração sobre tal temática. Além da escassez de artigos com foco em tais pessoas, os poucos estudos que são encontrados, muitas vezes, não são efetivos em apresentar os saberes das PcD. Esses foram fatores que motivaram tal pesquisa, a qual tem o objetivo propor diretrizes de pesquisa para acadêmicos brasileiros em Administração a partir de um panorama da produção científica sobre pessoas com deficiências realizado por meio de uma análise de base bibliométrica acerca das publicações nos eventos promovidos pela ANPAD entre os anos de 2010 e 2020. Em um total de 15.672 artigos publicados nos anais dos congressos no período selecionado, apenas 0,52% correspondem a temática abordada, sendo este número afetado drasticamente pelos anos de 2019 e 2020, afinal, nesse tempo houve uma elevada queda na quantidade de publicações relacionadas a PcD, movimento contrário ao total de publicações que está crescendo. No intuito de influenciar pesquisas sobre o tema, o artigo traz 15 propostas de diretrizes com foco em mostrar a relevância do tema para a sociedade.
A Influência da diversidade de gênero, no comitê de auditoria, na evidenciação de informações ambientais das empresas listadas na B3
Authors: Da Silva Santos Lívia Maria , Costa Santos Marcos Igor da , Leite Filho Paulo Amilton Maia
Published: January 2022

A presente pesquisa tem o objetivo de verificar se há influência da diversidade de gênero, no comitê de auditoria, na evidenciação de informações ambientais das empresas listadas na B3. Para tanto, contou com uma amostra de 78 empresas listadas na Brasil, Bolsa, Balcão, que possuíam comitês de auditoria, no período de 2012 a 2017. Para o alcance do objetivo, utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo, assim como a regressão com dados em painel, de efeitos aleatórios com robustez, sendo os dados coletados nos Relatórios de Sustentabilidade, Relatórios da Administração, Notas Explicativas, Formulários de Referência e na Base de Dados Economática. O resultado do estudo mostrou, a partir da rejeição da hipótese de pesquisa, que o percentual de mulheres no comitê de auditoria não possui relação com o fato das empresas divulgarem informações ambientais. Constatou-se, ainda, que a independência do comitê de auditoria, o tamanho, o desempenho organizacional e o setor considerado potencialmente poluidor, de acordo com a Lei nº 10.165/2000, afetam a evidenciação voluntária dessas informações. Por outro lado, detectou-se que o tamanho do comitê, a alavancagem financeira e o fato das empresas estarem inseridas em um dos níveis diferenciados de governança corporativa não influenciam as empresas a divulgarem informações relacionadas aos aspectos ambientais. Conclui-se, portanto, que a política de divulgação de informações, relacionadas às práticas ambientais empresariais, é uma iniciativa de todos, e não, especificamente, do gênero feminino, como propõe a literatura, considerando que tal prática faz com que as organizações melhorem sua imagem e obtenham legitimidade social.
Variáveis demográficas versus desonestidade acadêmica nos cursos de pós-graduação Stricto Sensu em ciências contábeis
Authors: Cardoso Fróes Regina , Da Silva Denise Mendes
Published: January 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as diferenças na avaliação da desonestidade acadêmica por discentes e docentes na pós-graduação stricto sensu em Ciências Contábeis no Brasil relacionadas às variáveis demográficas, como sexo, idade, curso e instituição de vínculo. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de dois questionários aplicados aos discentes e docentes da pós-graduação stricto sensu em Ciências Contábeis. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva para análise dos dados demográficos e o teste não paramétrico de Mann-Whitney para comparar as médias entre os dois grupos, compostos por dados demográficos diferentes. Este estudo contribui com a literatura, pois fomenta a discussão da desonestidade acadêmica no âmbito da pós-graduação stricto sensu, bem como pode incentivar as universidades a buscarem alternativas para a redução dos comportamentos desonestos. Os achados deste estudo indicam que as variáveis demográficas analisadas podem não exercer influência sobre a avaliação da desonestidade acadêmica pelos discentes e docentes da pós-graduação stricto sensu em Ciências Contábeis no Brasil participantes da pesquisa. No entanto, há indícios de que tais variáveis podem influenciar a avaliação de certos comportamentos academicamente desonestos, como: (i) similaridades em pesquisas, para os docentes, o sexo (ao nível de 10%) e para os discentes, o curso; (ii) plágio, as variáveis idade e instituição; e (iii) fraude/cola, a variável instituição, ambas situações para os discentes. A explicação provável para estes resultados é que existem outras variáveis que podem estar mais relacionadas às práticas desonestas, como por exemplo, tempo disponível para estudos e pressão por publicações, sendo que esta última pode alcançar discentes ou docentes.
Prevention of Fetal/Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia in Mice: Biochemical and Cell Biological Characterization of Isoforms of a Human Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Mørtberg Trude V , Zhi Huiying , Vidarsson Gestur , Foss Stian , Lissenberg-Thunnissen Suzanne , Wuhrer Manfred , Michaelsen Terje E , Skogen Bjørn , Stuge Tor B , Andersen Jan Terje , Newman Peter J , Ahlen Maria Therese
Published: January 2022

Maternal alloantibodies toward paternally inherited Ags on fetal platelets can cause thrombocytopenia and bleeding complications in the fetus or neonate, referred to as fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). This is most commonly caused by Abs against the human platelet Ag (HPA)-1a in Caucasians, and a prophylactic regimen to reduce the risk for alloimmunization to women at risk would be beneficial. We therefore aimed to examine the prophylactic potential of a fully human anti–HPA-1a IgG1 (mAb 26.4) with modified Fc region or altered N-glycan structures. The mAb 26.4 wild-type (WT) variants all showed efficient platelet clearance capacity and ability to mediate phagocytosis independent of their N-glycan structure, compared with an effector silent variant (26.4.AAAG), although the modified N-glycan variants showed differential binding to FcγRs measured in vitro. In an in vivo model, female mice were transfused with platelets from transgenic mice harboring an engineered integrin β3 containing the HPA-1a epitope. When these preimmunized mice were bred with transgenic males, Abs against the introduced epitope induced thrombocytopenia in the offspring, mimicking FNAIT. Prophylactic administration of the mAb 26.4.WT, and to some extent the mAb 26.4.AAAG, prior to platelet transfusion resulted in reduced alloimmunization in challenged mice and normal platelet counts in neonates. The notion that the effector silent variant hampered alloimmunization demonstrates that rapid platelet clearance, as seen with mAb 26.4.WT, is not the sole mechanism in action. Our data thus successfully demonstrate efficient Ab-mediated immunosuppression and prevention of FNAIT by anti–HPA-1a monoclonal variants, providing support for potential use in humans.
The E26 Transformation–Specific Family Transcription Factor Spi-C Is Dynamically Regulated by External Signals in B Cells
Authors: Raczkowski Hannah L , Xu Li S , Wang Wei Cen , DeKoter Rodney P
Published: January 2022

Spi-C is an E26 transformation-specific transcription factor closely related to PU.1 and Spi-B. Spi-C has lineage-instructive functions important in B cell development, Ab-generating responses, and red pulp macrophage generation. This research examined the regulation of Spi-C expression in mouse B cells. To determine the mechanism of Spic regulation, we identified the Spic promoter and upstream regulatory elements. The Spic promoter had unidirectional activity that was reduced by mutation of an NF-κB binding site. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis revealed that Spic expression was reduced in B cells following treatment with cytokines BAFF + IL-4 + IL-5, anti-IgM Ab, or LPS. Cytochalasin treatment partially prevented downregulation of Spic. Unstimulated B cells upregulated Spic on culture. Spic was repressed by an upstream regulatory region interacting with the heme-binding regulator Bach2. Taken together, these data indicate that Spi-C is dynamically regulated by external signals in B cells and provide insight into the mechanism of regulation.
GPR40 Agonism Modulates Inflammatory Reactions in Vascular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Kim Joo Won , Roh Eun , Choi Kyung Mook , Yoo Hye Jin , Hwang Hwan-Jin , Baik Sei Hyun
Published: January 2022

Endothelial dysfunction is strongly linked with inflammatory responses, which can impact cardiovascular disease. Recently, G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) has been investigated as a modulator of metabolic stress; however, the function of GPR40 in vascular endothelial cells has not been reported. We analyzed whether treatment of GPR40-specific agonists modulated the inflammatory responses in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Treatment with LY2922470, a GPR40 agonist, significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) phosphorylation and movement into the nucleus from the cytosol. However, treatment with another GPR40 agonist, TAK875, did not inhibit LPS-induced NF-κB activation. LPS treatment induced expression of adhesion molecules vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and attachment of THP-1 cells to HUVECs, which were all decreased by LY2922470 but not TAK875. Our results showed that ligand-dependent agonism of GPR40 is a promising therapeutic target for overcoming inflammatory reactions in the endothelium.
Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Artery Stenting for Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Authors: Diyora Batuk , Chheda Rushabh M , Dhall Gagan , Gupta Pradeep , Dewani Kavin , Mulla Mazharkhan , Gaud Darshan
Published: January 2022

Background:

Stenosis of the ICA is an important cause of ischemic stroke and associated morbidity and mortality. Carotid artery stenting (CAS) and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) help to prevent impending or subsequent ischemic stroke in such patients.

Aim and Objective:

Material and Methods:

From Jan 2014–Dec 2017, 80 patients presented with symptomatic carotid stenosis. Out of these 80 patients, 65 underwent intervention; 34 patients underwent CEA and 31 patients underwent CAS. Pre-defined variables like age, sex, and degree of stenosis were assessed as potential risk factors, and the patients' clinical features, radiological imaging, and procedural complications were documented.

Results:

The primary outcome of procedure-related stroke, major adverse events (MAEs), and death at 30 days follow-up and long-term outcomes of restenosis at 1 year were analyzed. Peri-procedural stroke occurred in 2 cases (6.4%) of CAS; one suffered an ischemic stroke and other suffered a hemorrhagic stroke. Three cases of CEA suffered procedure-related events; one (2.9%) suffered TIA while the other two developed postoperative local hematoma without neurological deficit; one was treated conservatively while the other required re-exploration due to pressure symptoms. Restenosis occurred in one case that underwent CAS.

Conclusion:

CAS and CEA are complementary approaches in treating symptomatic carotid stenosis even when performed by a single hybrid neurosurgeon as results obtained are commensurable to major studies like CREST.
Treatment of Benign C2 Tumors with Transoral Curettage and Posterior Instrumentation with Minimum 2-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Duan Ping G. , Zhu Xian J. , Zhong Yan L. , Li Xue L. , Wang Hui W. , Chou Dean , Yao Hao Q.
Published: January 2022

Background:

Tumors of the axis (C2) are rare, which represents unique surgical challenges.

Aim:

To describe clinical outcomes and efficacy of transoral curettage and posterior instrumentation for treating C2 tumors, with a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Setting and Design:

This was a retrospective study conducted at a grade 3A hospital in China.

Materials and Methods:

From August 2015 to May 2017, patients diagnosed with benign C2 tumors were collected in the retrospective study. The Weinstein-Boriani-Biagini anatomic zone classification was used to characterize the tumors. The Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score and the visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores were recorded pre and postoperatively. All patients were treated with posterior instrumentation and transoral curettage for tumor excision and iliac crest graft for arthrodesis.

Results:

Five patients were included in this report. The tumors involving C2 were all benign tumors. The JOA and VAS scores improved significantly at a 3-month follow-up, and the clinical symptoms were stable at the 12-month follow-up. Computed tomography (CT) scans at a 6-month follow-up showed solid arthrodesis in all patients. With a minimum 2-year follow-up, there was no implant loosening or tumor recurrence.

Conclusion:

The transoral curettage coupled with posterior instrumentation with iliac crest graft provides a reasonable option for the treatment of benign C2 tumors.
Prevalence of Aortic Plaques in Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Arun K , Nambiar Poornima N , Kannath Santhosh Kumar , Sreedharan Sapna E , Sukumaran Sajith , Sarma Sankara , Sylaja P N
Published: January 2022

Background and Purpose:

Limited data is available regarding the prevalence of aortic plaques in cryptogenic ischemic strokes and its correlation with risk factors.

Aim:

To determine the prevalence of aortic plaques in patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke and its association with vascular risk factors and future vascular events.

Methodology:

Patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke/TIA evaluated with CT angiogram (CTA) were recruited. Aortic plaque thickness ≥4 mm, plaque ulceration, protruding components, and complex plaques were considered significant.

Results:

Of the 1,767 patients, 229 (12.9%) had cryptogenic ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA). Of them, 36 (15.7%) patients were detected to have significant aortic plaques. The significant plaque group had a higher mean age (68.3 ± 8.3 vs 54.4 ± 13.2, P = 0.0005) and were more likely to have risk factors like hypertension (P = 0.025), coronary artery disease (CAD)(P = 0.015), and peripheral vascular disease (POVD) (P = 0.029). Plaque morphology showed plaques of ≥4 mm, ulcerated plaques, protruding components, and complex plaques in 14.8%, 5.6%, 3.1%, and 6.5% patients, respectively, which are predominantly located in the aortic arch (44%). At 1 year combined endpoint of stroke, TIA, and vascular death was significantly higher in the significant plaque group (19.4% vs 6.2%, P = 0.016). Advanced age (adjusted OR-1.11, 95% CI-1.07–1.17, P = <0.001) was identified as an independent risk factor for significant aortic plaques on multivariate analysis.

Conclusions:

Aortic plaques are an under-recognized cause of cryptogenic stroke. The significant risk factors in aortic plaque group highlight the importance of aggressive risk factor control for secondary stroke prevention.
Clinical Profile and Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Patients of Subacute Sclerosing Pan Encephalitis
Authors: Saurabh Kumar , Singh Varun Kumar , Pathak Abhishek , Chaurasia Rameshwar Nath , Verma Ashish , Mishra Vijay Nath , Joshi Deepika , Kumar Anand
Published: January 2022

Background:

Subacute Sclerosing Pan Encephalitis (SSPE) may present with atypical clinical features and lead to diagnostic dilemma. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be normal in early stage of SSPE.

Objective:

The aim of this work was to study the demography, clinical profile including atypical features of SSPE patients, and the utility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as an adjunctive diagnostic tool to the anti-measles antibody and conventional MRI.

Material and Methods:

Consecutive 25 patients of SSPE were included. Clinical details were recorded at baseline and 6 months follow-up. Anti-measles antibody in serum and CSF, CSF/Serum Quotient reference (CSQ ref), and radiological details including comparison of DTI between SSPE patients and controls were also noted.

Results:

Of 25 patients, 17 (68%) were male. The most common presenting feature at onset was myoclonus with or without falls (13, 52%). Atypical features such as seizure, hemiparesis, and visual problems were present in 28% patients. At 6 months, 9 patients had progressive course (6 expired), 10 were static, and 6 lost to follow-up. MRI was normal in 8 (32%) patients (stage 2/3- 7/1). On comparison between SSPE patients (N = 10) and control (N = 10) groups, fractional anisotropy (FA), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were reduced and elevated, respectively, at most of the regions of interest with significant difference at many sites.

Conclusions:

A significant number of patients (28%) had atypical features at onset. DTI is an adjunctive tool which supplements the conventional MRI and increase diagnostic yield. It may be a future option to assess disease progression and treatment response.