bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Closure of the neuro‐central synchondrosis and other physes in foal cervical spines
Authors: Olstad Kristin , Bugge Mari Dahl , Ytrehus Bjørnar , Kallerud Anne Selvén
Published: April 2024

Background

The neuro‐central synchondrosis (NCS) is a physis responsible for the growth of the dorsal third of the vertebral body and neural arches. When the NCS of pigs is tethered to model scoliosis, stenosis also ensues. It is necessary to describe the NCS for future evaluation of its potential role in equine spinal cord compression and ataxia (wobbler syndrome).

Objectives

To describe the NCS, including when it and other physes closed in computed tomographic (CT) scans of the cervical spine of foals, due to its potential role in vertebral stenosis.

Study design

Post‐mortem cohort study.

Methods

The cervical spine of 35 cases, comprising both sexes and miscellaneous breeds from 153 gestational days to 438 days old, was examined with CT and physes scored from 6: fully open to 0: fully closed. The dorsal physis, physis of the dens and mid‐NCS were scored separately, whereas the cranial and caudal NCS portions were scored together with the respective cranial and caudal vertebral body physes.

Results

The NCS was a pair of thin physes located in a predominantly dorsal plane between the vertebral body and neural arches. The mid‐NCS was closed in C1 from 115 days of age, and in C2–C7 from 38 days of age. The dorsal physis closed later than the NCS in C1, and earlier than the NCS in C2–C7. The dens physis was closed from 227 days of age. The cranial and caudal physes were closing, but not closed from different ages in the different vertebrae of the oldest cases.

Main limitations

Hospital population.

Conclusions

The NCS was a thin physis that contributed mainly to height‐wise growth, but also width‐ and length‐wise growth of the vertebral body and neural arches. The mid‐NCS was closed in all cervical vertebrae from 115 days of age. The NCS warrants further investigation in the pathogenesis of vertebral stenosis.
Genetic background and sex influence somatosensory sensitivity and oxycodone analgesia in the Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel
Authors: Duffy Eamonn P. , Ward J. O. , Hale L. H. , Brown K. T. , Kwilasz Andrew J. , Saba Laura M. , Ehringer Marissa A. , Bachtell Ryan K.
Published: April 2024

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is an ongoing public health concern in the United States, and relatively little work has addressed how genetic background contributes to OUD. Understanding the genetic contributions to oxycodone‐induced analgesia could provide insight into the early stages of OUD development. Here, we present findings from a behavioral phenotyping protocol using several inbred strains from the Hybrid Rat Diversity Panel. Our behavioral protocol included a modified “up‐down” von Frey procedure to measure inherent strain differences in the sensitivity to a mechanical stimulus on the hindpaw. We also performed the tail immersion assay, which measures the latency to display tail withdrawal in response to a hot water bath. Initial withdrawal thresholds were taken in drug‐naïve animals to record baseline thermal sensitivity across the strains. Oxycodone‐induced analgesia was measured after administration of oxycodone over the course of 2 h. Both mechanical and thermal sensitivity are shaped by genetic factors and display moderate heritability (h2 = 0.23–0.40). All strains displayed oxycodone‐induced analgesia that peaked at 15–30 min and returned to baseline by 2 h. There were significant differences between the strains in the magnitude and duration of their analgesic response to oxycodone, although the heritability estimates were quite modest (h2 = 0.10–0.15). These data demonstrate that genetic background confers differences in mechanical sensitivity, thermal sensitivity, and oxycodone‐induced analgesia.
Rapid synthesis of Cu2O/CeO2 p–n heterojunctions with enhanced photocatalytic properties by a sonochemical method
Authors: Zeng Shenghui , Shui Anze , Yu Hulei , He Chao
Published: April 2024

The construction of p–n heterojunction is critical to reduce the electron–hole recombination rate and broaden the light absorption edge of photocatalysts. In this study, we successfully synthesize the Cu2O/CeO2 p–n heterojunctions through a rapid, simple, and environmentally friendly sonochemical method without any additional oxidants or elevation of the temperature and pressure. The prepared Cu2O/CeO2 heterojunction shows excellent adsorption of light, low electronic transfer resistance, and higher electron transfer efficiency. Under the irradiation of visible light, the as‐prepared Cu2O/CeO2 heterojunction exhibits exceptional capability for the degradation of methylene blue as well as outstanding reusability. The photo‐generated h+ is found to have a significant influence on the photocatalytic antibacterial of the as‐prepared Cu2O/CuO2 heterojunction under visible‐light irradiation and the sterilization rate toward Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli of our samples can achieve up to 100%. Our work provides a green and rapid way to produce Cu2O/CeO2 p–n heterojunctions with enhanced photocatalysis.
A time course analysis through diapause reveals dynamic temporal patterns of microRNAs associated with endocrine regulation in the butterfly Pieris napi
Authors: Roberts Kevin T. , Steward Rachel A. , Süess Philip , Lehmann Philipp , Wheat Christopher W.
Published: April 2024

Organisms inhabiting highly seasonal environments must cope with a wide range of environmentally induced challenges. Many seasonal challenges require extensive physiological modification to survive. In winter, to survive extreme cold and limited resources, insects commonly enter diapause, which is an endogenously derived dormant state associated with minimized cellular processes and low energetic expenditure. Due to the high degree of complexity involved in diapause, substantial cellular regulation is required, of which our understanding primarily derives from the transcriptome via messenger RNA expression dynamics. Here we aim to advance our understanding of diapause by investigating microRNA (miRNA) expression in diapausing and direct developing pupae of the butterfly Pieris napi. We identified coordinated patterns of miRNA expression throughout diapause in both head and abdomen tissues of pupae, and via miRNA target identification, found several expression patterns to be enriched for relevant diapause‐related physiological processes. We also identified two candidate miRNAs, miR‐14‐5p and miR‐2a‐3p, that are likely involved in diapause progression through their activity in the ecdysone pathway, a critical regulator of diapause termination. miR‐14‐5p targets phantom, a gene in the ecdysone synthesis pathway, and is upregulated early in diapause. miR‐2a‐3p has been found to be expressed in response to ecdysone, and is upregulated during diapause termination. Together, the expression patterns of these two miRNAs match our current understanding of the timing of hormonal regulation of diapause in P. napi and provide interesting candidates to further explore the mechanistic role of microRNAs in diapause regulation.
Presenting Soviet Korean Identity in a Multicultural Society: Activities of Korean Kolkhoz Politotdel's Ensemble Cheongchun in Uzbekistan during the 1970s and 1980s
Authors: Yang Mina
Published: April 2024

This study explores the overview of Soviet Koreans' performing arts activities in Uzbekistan, with a particular focus on the activities of the Soviet Korean kolkhoz Politotdel's ensemble Cheongchun during the 1970s and 1980s. It aims to clarify the roles and implications of the ensemble in a multicultural society. Since the late 1950s, the Soviet Korean kolkhozes, including Politotdel in the Chirchiq district of the Tashkent oblast, Uzbekistan, have experienced remarkable economic growth. In the cultural milieu of the Korean people, dance and music were inherently intertwined, occupying a significant position. Initially established as a vocal‐instrumental ensemble, Cheongchun always integrated dance and music in its presentations, with dance performances playing a crucial role. An official dance troupe was formed in 1976, and in 1984, it was merged with the ensemble Gayageum. Artistic director and dance teacher Jeong‐wook Hwang (1940–), who studied dance in Pyeongyang, Moscow, and Tashkent, made significant contributions to fostering exchanges with North Korean dancers and actively incorporating Seung‐hee Choi's North Korean dance elements. Cheongchun has played a pivotal role in promoting Korean dance and music not only in Uzbekistan but also across the entire Soviet Union and the United States, thereby visualizing the identity and positive image of Soviet Koreans as exemplary citizens in a multicultural society.
The welfare effect of release timing of relative performance evaluation under quantity competition and asymmetric costs
Authors: Hamamura Jumpei , Ramani Vinay
Published: April 2024

We examine the welfare effects of the endogenous decision and release timing of weight placed on the rival's profits under relative performance evaluation with quantity competition and asymmetric marginal costs. We find that when the advantaged firm decides and releases the weight as the leader, it always chooses a negative weight on relative performance evaluation, whereas the disadvantaged firm may choose a positive or negative weight depending on the degree of product substitution. Furthermore, we demonstrate that while all firms prefer to release weights early, this situation does not improve social welfare in several economic environments.
Algebra story problem: The nature of students' obstacles
Authors: Adu‐Gyamfi Kwaku , Chandler Kayla , Thompson Anthony
Published: April 2024

The challenge posed by algebra story problems creates a significant hurdle for many students, transcending both the mathematical content of the problem and the specific instructional background received. This study offers a distinctive contribution to the existing literature by focusing on the cognitive conditions essential for comprehension in mathematics, aiming to identify obstacles to comprehension on algebra story problems. A total of 40 participants engaged in a one‐on‐one taskbased interview session, tackling algebra story problems of the students and professor variety. Analysis of the interview data uncovered three distinct categories of obstacles contributing to students formulating incorrect models of algebra story problems. The findings of this study offer detailed insights into these obstacle categories and present implications for future research.
Coordinating activation of endo‐lysosomal two‐pore channels and TRP mucolipins
Authors: Yuan Yu , Jaślan Dawid , Rahman Taufiq , Bracher Franz , Grimm Christian , Patel Sandip
Published: April 2024

Two‐pore channels and TRP mucolipins are ubiquitous endo‐lysosomal cation channels of pathophysiological relevance. Both are Ca2+‐permeable and regulated by phosphoinositides, principally PI(3,5)P2. Accumulating evidence has uncovered synergistic channel activation by PI(3,5)P2 and endogenous metabolites such as the Ca2+ mobilizing messenger NAADP, synthetic agonists including approved drugs and physical cues such as voltage and osmotic pressure. Here, we provide an overview of this coordination.

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Review of On-Farm Food Waste and Loss
Authors: McBreen Jackson
Published: April 2024

The global challenge of food waste has gained increasing attention in recent years, highlighted by Sustainable Development Goal 12.3 to halve global food waste by 2030. On-farm practices are pivotal in influencing the amount of food lost before it reaches consumers. It is estimated globally that 15% of food is wasted before it leaves the farm. This project conducts a review of existing tools, technologies, management practices, and strategies designed to prevent, minimise, and manage on-farm food waste. This project is in collaboration with the Office of the Prime Minister’s Chief Science Advisor to support them with their upcoming report on food waste prevention.

Supervised by: Jacques de Satgé, Miranda Mirosa, Grace Clare
Reducing Emissions Caused by Student Air Travel to and from Dunedin
Authors: Muirsmeath Brooke
Published: April 2024

Students travelling in between their city of study and their hometowns is one of the largest emissions generators for both the University of Otago, and the city of Dunedin as a whole (Rutherford & Cliff, 2023). To address this, this report will cover the question ‘How can an ‘event specific’ train to and from Dunedin be utilised to reduce the emissions created by student’s travel behaviour and what other benefits could this deliver for students and Dunedin?’ This inquiry aims to analyse solutions to the issue of emissions resulting from student travel, with a particular focus on travel between Dunedin and Christchurch for events and University breaks. Current underutilisation of existing rail and public transport infrastructure contributes to high rates of flying and driving. The effective use of rail is a key tool to reducing transport emissions, in its current state, the reinstatement of passenger rail is complex and facing barriers, the introduction of irregular passenger rail would aim to be a more feasible solution. This report endeavours to bridge the gap in formal research, offering insights into the viability of this method and provide further understanding to allow for more work to be done on the introduction of this service and additional supporting initiatives. This report may also provide insights for other possible institutions interested in implementing a similar service to further explore the idea.  

Supervised by: Craig Cliff, Ray O’Brien

Scholarship Project Funded by: Dunedin City Council
Archival Research on Early Settler Relationship to Place
Authors: Virens Abbi , Belt Olivia
Published: April 2024

This research project explores early settler relationships to place, land, and the environment in Dunedin from the mid to late 1800s. The project aims to provide a new perspective by looking at the affective responses of settlers to the environment/nature and how they helped create a sense of belonging. This project has drawn on various ephemera from the Hocken Collection, primarily settler letters and diaries, to analyze the emotional connections and/or disconnections being formed. The project highlights the individual relationships to place through these personal accounts. Themes reflected on in the project also include the idea of utopia and the physical ‘improvement’ of the landscape. Key questions have been asked, such as, how do we feel like we belong in place? Did the physical transformation help to make settlers feel at home? How do we (pākehā) belong to a place that is not ours, but constructed to be ours? Ultimately, this research project aims to understand the affective dimension of belonging by exploring the early settlers' emotional responses to place/environment in Dunedin.

Supervised by: Dr. Abbi Virens

Scholarship Project Funded by: Centre for Sustainability
Green Island Rummage Waste
Authors: Wilton Grace
Published: April 2024

Secondhand shops are overlooked waste diverters in the sustainability sector, in order to measure their impact, my research seeks to understand their processes so that quantification strategies can be identified. The Green Island Rummage store is looking for data-gathering strategies so that the carbon emission reductions from their waste diversion efforts can be calculated. This is a difficult issue to tackle because of the pressures faced by secondhand shops due to limited resources. I interviewed local secondhand stores to identify barriers and strategies for waste diversion quantification and then surveyed Rummage employees to determine the applicability of potential measures. This research highlights the pressures being faced by secondhand stores and their significance in our move to a circular economy.

Supervised by: Ray O’Brien

Scholarship Project Funded by: Dunedin City Council
Evidence that the woman’s ovarian cycle is driven by an internal circamonthly timing system
Authors: Ecochard René , Stanford Joseph B. , Fehring Richard J. , Schneider Marie , Najmabadi Shahpar , Gronfier Claude
Published: April 2024

The ovarian cycle has a well-established circa-monthly rhythm, but the mechanisms involved in its regularity are unknown. Is the rhythmicity driven by an endogenous clock-like timer or by other internal or external processes? Here, using two large epidemiological datasets (26,912 cycles from 2303 European women and 4786 cycles from 721 North American women), analyzed with time series and circular statistics, we find evidence that the rhythmic characteristics of the menstrual cycle are more likely to be explained by an endogenous clock-like driving mechanism than by any other internal or external process. We also show that the menstrual cycle is weakly but significantly influenced by the 29.5-day lunar cycle and that the phase alignment between the two cycles differs between the European and the North American populations. Given the need to find efficient treatments of subfertility in women, our results should be confirmed in larger populations, and chronobiological approaches to optimize the ovulatory cycle should be evaluated.
A digital twin of the infant microbiome to predict neurodevelopmental deficits
Authors: Sizemore Nicholas , Oliphant Kaitlyn , Zheng Ruolin , Martin Camilia R. , Claud Erika C. , Chattopadhyay Ishanu
Published: April 2024

Despite the recognized gut-brain axis link, natural variations in microbial profiles between patients hinder definition of normal abundance ranges, confounding the impact of dysbiosis on infant neurodevelopment. We infer a digital twin of the infant microbiome, forecasting ecosystem trajectories from a few initial observations. Using 16Sribosomal RNA profiles from 88 preterm infants (398 fecal samples and 32,942 abundance estimates for 91 microbial classes), the model (Q-net) predicts abundance dynamics withR2= 0.69. Contrasting the fit to Q-nets of typical versus suboptimal development, we can reliably estimate individual deficit risk (Mδ) and identify infants achieving poor future head circumference growth with ≈76% area under the receiver operator characteristic curve, 95% ± 1.8% positive predictive value at 98% specificity at 30 weeks postmenstrual age. We find that early transplantation might mitigate risk for ≈45.2% of the cohort, with potentially negative effects from incorrect supplementation. Q-nets are generative artificial intelligence models for ecosystem dynamics, with broad potential applications.
A tonically active master neuron modulates mutually exclusive motor states at two timescales
Authors: Meng Jun , Ahamed Tosif , Yu Bin , Hung Wesley , EI Mouridi Sonia , Wang Zezhen , Zhang Yongning , Wen Quan , Boulin Thomas , Gao Shangbang , Zhen Mei
Published: April 2024

Continuity of behaviors requires animals to make smooth transitions between mutually exclusive behavioral states. Neural principles that govern these transitions are not well understood.
Caenorhabditis elegans
spontaneously switch between two opposite motor states, forward and backward movement, a phenomenon thought to reflect the reciprocal inhibition between interneurons AVB and AVA. Here, we report that spontaneous locomotion and their corresponding motor circuits are not separately controlled. AVA and AVB are neither functionally equivalent nor strictly reciprocally inhibitory. AVA, but not AVB, maintains a depolarized membrane potential. While AVA phasically inhibits the forward promoting interneuron AVB at a fast timescale, it maintains a tonic, extrasynaptic excitation on AVB over the longer timescale. We propose that AVA, with tonic and phasic activity of opposite polarities on different timescales, acts as a master neuron to break the symmetry between the underlying forward and backward motor circuits. This master neuron model offers a parsimonious solution for sustained locomotion consisted of mutually exclusive motor states.
Molecular phenotyping of small cell lung cancer using targeted cfDNA profiling of transcriptional regulatory regions
Authors: Hiatt Joseph B. , Doebley Anna-Lisa , Arnold Henry U. , Adil Mohamed , Sandborg Holly , Persse Thomas W. , Ko Minjeong , Wu Feinan , Quintanal Villalonga Alvaro , Santana-Davila Rafael , Eaton Keith , Dive Caroline , Rudin Charles M. , Thomas Anish , Houghton A. McGarry , Ha Gavin , MacPherson David
Published: April 2024

We report an approach for cancer phenotyping based on targeted sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for small cell lung cancer (SCLC). In SCLC, differential activation of transcription factors (TFs), such as ASCL1, NEUROD1, POU2F3, and REST defines molecular subtypes. We designed a targeted capture panel that identifies chromatin organization signatures at 1535 TF binding sites and 13,240 gene transcription start sites and detects exonic mutations in 842 genes. Sequencing of cfDNA from SCLC patient-derived xenograft models captured TF activity and gene expression and revealed individual highly informative loci. Prediction models of ASCL1 and NEUROD1 activity using informative loci achieved areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) from 0.84 to 0.88 in patients with SCLC. As non-SCLC (NSCLC) often transforms to SCLC following targeted therapy, we applied our framework to distinguish NSCLC from SCLC and achieved an AUC of 0.99. Our approach shows promising utility for SCLC subtyping and transformation monitoring, with potential applicability to diverse tumor types.
Structures and dynamics of Rpd3S complex bound to nucleosome
Authors: Wang Chengcheng , Chu Chen , Guo Zhouyan , Zhan Xiechao
Published: April 2024

The Rpd3S complex plays a pivotal role in facilitating local histone deacetylation in the transcribed regions to suppress intragenic transcription initiation. Here, we present the cryo–electron microscopy structures of the budding yeast Rpd3S complex in both its apo and three nucleosome-bound states at atomic resolutions, revealing the exquisite architecture of Rpd3S to well accommodate a mononucleosome without linker DNA. The Rpd3S core, containing a Sin3 Lobe and two NB modules, is a rigid complex and provides three positive-charged anchors (Sin3_HCR and two Rco1_NIDs) to connect nucleosomal DNA. In three nucleosome-bound states, the Rpd3S core exhibits three distinct orientations relative to the nucleosome, assisting the sector-shaped deacetylase Rpd3 to locate above the SHL5-6, SHL0-1, or SHL2-3, respectively. Our work provides a structural framework that reveals a dynamic working model for the Rpd3S complex to engage diverse deacetylation sites.
Structure and function of GluN1-3A NMDA receptor excitatory glycine receptor channel
Authors: Michalski Kevin , Furukawa Hiro
Published: April 2024

N
-methyl-
d
-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and other ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) mediate most of the excitatory signaling in the mammalian brains in response to the neurotransmitter glutamate. Uniquely, NMDARs composed of GluN1 and GluN3 are activated exclusively by glycine, the neurotransmitter conventionally mediating inhibitory signaling when it binds to pentameric glycine receptors. The GluN1-3 NMDARs are vital for regulating neuronal excitability, circuit function, and specific behaviors, yet our understanding of their functional mechanism at the molecular level has remained limited. Here, we present cryo–electron microscopy structures of GluN1-3A NMDARs bound to an antagonist, CNQX, and an agonist, glycine. The structures show a 1-3-1-3 subunit heterotetrameric arrangement and an unprecedented pattern of GluN3A subunit orientation shift between the glycine-bound and CNQX-bound structures. Site-directed disruption of the unique subunit interface in the glycine-bound structure mitigated desensitization. Our study provides a foundation for understanding the distinct structural dynamics of GluN3 that are linked to the unique function of GluN1-3 NMDARs.
An agile monopedal hopping quadcopter with synergistic hybrid locomotion
Authors: Bai Songnan , Pan Qiqi , Ding Runze , Jia Huaiyuan , Yang Zhengbao , Chirarattananon Pakpong
Published: April 2024

Nature abounds with examples of superior mobility through the fusion of aerial and ground movement. Drawing inspiration from such multimodal locomotion, we introduce a high-performance hybrid hopping and flying robot. The proposed robot seamlessly integrates a nano quadcopter with a passive telescopic leg, overcoming limitations of previous jumping mechanisms that rely on stance phase leg actuation. Based on the identified dynamics, a thrust-based control method and detachable active aerodynamic surfaces were devised for the robot to perform continuous jumps with and without position feedback. This unique design and actuation strategy enable tuning of jump height and reduced stance phase duration, leading to agile hopping locomotion. The robot recorded an average vertical hopping speed of 2.38 meters per second at a jump height of 1.63 meters. By harnessing multimodal locomotion, the robot is capable of intermittent midflight jumps that result in substantial instantaneous accelerations and rapid changes in flight direction, offering enhanced agility and versatility in complex environments. The passive leg design holds potential for direct integration with conventional rotorcraft, unlocking seamless hybrid hopping and flying locomotion.
BCR signaling is required for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease in immunodeficient mice receiving human B cells
Authors: Zhang Ting-ting , Cheng Rene Yu-Hong , Ott Andee R. , Dahl Noelle P. , Suchland Emmaline R. , Stoffers Claire M. , Asher Gregory D. , Hou Deyin , Thouvenel Christopher D. , Hill Tyler F. , Rawlings David J. , James Richard G.
Published: April 2024

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a major therapeutic challenge that has been difficult to study using human cells because of a lack of suitable models for mechanistic characterization. Here, we show that ex vivo–differentiated B cells isolated from a subset of healthy donors can elicit pathologies similar to PTLD when transferred into immunodeficient mice. The primary driver of PTLD-like pathologies were IgM-producing plasmablasts with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genomes that expressed genes commonly associated with EBV latency. We show that a small subset of EBV
+
peripheral blood–derived B cells expressing self-reactive, nonmutated B cell receptors (BCRs) expand rapidly in culture in the absence of BCR stimulation. Furthermore, we found that in vitro and in vivo expansion of EBV
+
plasmablasts required BCR signaling. Last, treatment of immunodeficient mice with the BCR pathway inhibitor, ibrutinib, delays onset of PTLD-like pathologies in vivo. These data have implications for the diagnosis and care of transplant recipients who are at risk of developing PTLD.
Deep resistivity geophysics of the San Juan–Silverton caldera complex, San Juan County, Colorado (USA)
Authors: Rodriguez Brian D. , Yager Douglas B. , Anderson Eric D. , Hoogenboom Bennett E. , Runkel Robert L. , Smith Bruce D. , Deszcz-Pan Maria
Published: April 2024

Magnetotelluric (MT) and audiomagnetotelluric (AMT) data are used to better understand the subsurface geology and mineral resources in the San Juan–Silverton caldera complex located near Silverton, Colorado, western United States, as part of the extensive southern Rocky Mountains volcanic field that covers much of southwestern Colorado and northern New Mexico. Seven MT and AMT profiles of varying lengths image resistivity structure to depths of ~5 km. The AMT inversion models characterize geophysical responses of near-surface lithologies, structures, and mineralized systems and also help corroborate airborne electromagnetic data at shallow levels. The MT inversion models extend our depth of investigation from near the surface to great depths (~5 km) and help to form hypotheses about roots of the hydrothermal plumbing that fed shallower mineralized systems. Subsurface high resistivities occur beneath intermediate-composition lava flows and Proterozoic units. Subsurface moderate- to low-resistivity values may reflect hydrothermal plumbing that served as flow paths for mineralizing fluids and metallic ore formation. The model interpretations presented in this study could be utilized in remediation planning or mineral resource applications. The methods used could be applied to other watersheds with similar volcanic environments containing acid-generating historical mines or hydrothermally altered and mineralized source rocks.
Supplemental Material: Basal erosion during the initiation of continental deep subduction in the North Qaidam ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic belt (NW China): Constraints from geochemistry and geochronology on eclogites and gneisses in the Chachahe unit
Authors: Ren Yunfei , et al.
Published: April 2024

Table S1: Zircon U–Pb isotopic data. Table S2: Zircon trace-element data. Table S3: Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data. Table S4: Bulk-rock major- and trace-element compositions. Table S5: Bulk-rock Nd isotopic data.
Some Discrete Tomography Problems in Hypergraph Model Interpretation
Authors: Sahakyan Hasmik
Published: April 2024

In this paper we consider discrete tomography problems with an additional requirement of non-repeatability of rows of the binary matrix to be reconstructed; as well as discrete tomography problems with given pairwise projections. Representing the problems in the hypergraph model and pointing out their equivalence to the basic definitions, we state the following results: (i) nonconvexity of the set of hypergraphic sequences of simple hypergraphs with $$n$$ vertices and $$m$$ hyperedges in the $$n$$-dimensional $$m + 1$$-valued lattice, (ii) characterization of monotone Boolean functions associated with degree sequences of 3-/(n–3)-uniform hypergraphs, (iii) formulation of discrete tomography problems with paired projections, their connection to hypergraph degree sequence problem with generalized degrees, a solution for a particular case.
Zero-Shot Construction of Chinese Medical Knowledge Graph with GPT-3.5-turbo and GPT-4
Authors: Wu Ling-I , Su Yuxin , Li Guoqiang
Published: April 2024

Knowledge graphs have revolutionized the organization and retrieval of real-world knowledge, prompting interest in automatic NLP-based approaches for extracting medical knowledge from texts. However, the availability of high-quality Chinese medical knowledge remains limited, posing challenges for constructing Chinese medical knowledge graphs. As LLMs like ChatGPT show promise in zero-shot learning for many NLP downstream tasks, their potential on constructing Chinese medical knowledge graphs is still uncertain. In this study, we create a Chinese medical knowledge graph by manually annotating textual data and using ChatGPT to automatically generate the graph. We refine the results using filtering and mapping rules to align with our schema. The manually generated graph serves as the ground truth for evaluation, and we explore different methods to enhance its accuracy through knowledge graph completion techniques. As a result, we emphasize the potential of employing ChatGPT for automated knowledge graph construction within the Chinese medical domain. While ChatGPT successfully identifies a larger number of entities, further enhancements are required to improve its performance in extracting more qualified relations.
Market Power in Banking
Authors: Carletti Elena , Leonello Agnese , Marquez Robert
Published: April 2024

Bank market power, in both loan and deposit markets, has important implications for credit provision and for financial stability. This article discusses these issues through the lens of a simple theoretical framework. On the asset side, banks choose the quality and quantity of loans. On the liability side, they may be subject to depositor runs whenever they offer demandable contracts. This structure allows us to review the literature on the role of market power for credit provision and stability and also highlight the interactions between the two sides of banks’ balance sheets. Our approach identifies relevant channels that deserve further analysis, especially given the rising importance of bank market power for monetary policy transmission and the rise of the digital economy.
The Effect of Whey Protein Supplements on Acne Vulgaris among Male Adolescents and Young Adults: A Case-Control Study from North of Jordan
Authors: Muhaidat Jihan , Qablan Almutazballlah , Gharaibeh Faris , Albataineh Ghaith H. , Abdo Nour , Alshiyab Diala , Al-Qarqaz Firas
Published: April 2024

Background. Young people and athletes willing to gain muscle mass and strength are likely to consume whey protein supplements. The effect of milk as a dietary source of whey protein on acne is still controversial. At the same time, a few studies have suggested an acnegenic impact of whey protein supplements. Objectives. To examine the association of whey protein supplements on acne risk among male adolescents and young adults. Materials and Methods. 201 male teenagers and young adults attending fitness centers in Irbid/Jordan were involved in an observational case-control research; those with acne were deemed cases, and those without acne were considered controls. The primary outcome was a comparison of the proportion of participants in each group who consumed whey protein supplements within the previous three months. Results. 100 acne-afflicted participants were compared to 101 healthy controls with similar demographics, including age, body mass index, educational level, and smoking habits, as well as intake of vitamin B12, corticosteroids, and anabolic steroids. However, considerably more participants in the acne group (47%) were taking whey protein supplements than in the control group (27.7%) (p=0.0047). The significance of this difference was maintained after multivariate analysis. Conclusion. This case-control study provides evidence of a positive association between whey protein consumption and acne risk.
TINU: A Multisystemic Inflammatory Disorder—Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Montejo-Hernández Juan , Rico-Fontalvo Jorge , Cabrales Jose , Anand Shuchi , Martínez-Ávila María Cristina , Duran-Merino Claudia , Arias-Restrepo Luis , Gómez Duran Camilo Andrés
Published: April 2024

Background. The syndrome of tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) is a rare oculorenal condition, mainly seen in children and women. The underlying cause of this disease is unknown. Case Presentation. We report a 24-year-old male without any past medical history, diagnosed with bilateral uveitis and azotemia. Biopsy revealed tubulointerstitial nephritis, consistent with TINU syndrome. Fluorescein angiogram revealed peripheral retinal vasculitis. Discussion. TINU is a rare disorder that needs to be distinguished from sarcoidosis, Sjogren’s disease, and tuberculosis. Treatment is indicated in patients with progressive renal insufficiency, consisting of steroid therapy. Most patients recover kidney function. Its early recognition is important to offer the best chance of organ preservation.
Quantitative Autofluorescence at AMD’s Beginnings Highlights Retinal Topography and Grading System Differences: ALSTAR2 Baseline
Authors: Berlin Andreas , Fischer Nathan A. , Clark Mark E. , Kar Deepayan , Swain Thomas A. , Martindale Richard M. , McGwin Jr Gerald , Crosson Jason N. , Sloan Kenneth R. , Owsley Cynthia , Curcio Christine A.
Published: April 2024

Introduction: The aims of the study were to describe baseline quantitative (short-wavelength) autofluorescence (qAF) findings in a large pseudophakic cohort at age-related macular degeneration (AMD)’s beginnings and to assess qAF8 as an outcome measure and evaluate Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) and Beckman grading systems. Methods: In the ALSTAR2 baseline cohort (NCT04112667), 346 pseudophakic eyes of 188 persons (74.0 ± 5.5 years) were classified as normal (N = 160 by AREDS, 158 by Beckman), early AMD (eAMD) (N = 104, 66), and intermediate AMD (iAMD) (N = 82, 122). Groups were compared via mean qAF intensities in a 6°–8° annulus (qAF8) and maps of differences between observations and the overall mean, divided by standard deviation (Z-score). Results: qAF8 did not differ significantly among diagnostic groups by either stratification (p = 0.0869 AREDS; p = 0.0569 by Beckman). Notably, 45 eyes considered eAMD by AREDS became iAMD by Beckman. For AREDS-stratified eyes, Z-score maps showed higher centrally located qAF for normal, near the mean in eAMD, and lower values for iAMD. Maps deviated from this pattern for Beckman-stratified eyes. Conclusions: In a large sample of pseudophakic eyes, qAF8 does not differ overall from normal aging to iAMD but also does not capture the earliest AMD activity in the macula lutea. AREDS classification gives results more consistent with a slow decline in histologic autofluorescence than Beckman classification.
Atribuições e competências no trabalho profissional na assistência social: Serviço Social, Psicologia e Terapia Ocupacional em foco
Authors: Bezerra Waldez Cavalcante
Published: April 2024

Introduction: social assistance services are spaces for the work of different professionals, who dialogue through their knowledge and practices, forming reference teams. However, in everyday services, professionals are not always clear about their specificities in team work. Objective: to analyze the attributions and competencies of professional categories participating in social assistance service teams, specifically Social Work, Psychology and Occupational Therapy. Methodology: The data was produced through documentary and field research, interviewing 15 workers who make up the reference teams of four social assistance facilities. Results: The discussion about attributions and competencies takes place differently between professions, with Social Work having a greater need to differentiate such attributions, understanding them as private acts. There is an attempt by the three professions and the interviewees to define specificities, which are related to central issues of their professional groups, without these necessarily being seen as exclusive attributions. Conclusion: Although professions and professionals seek to differentiate themselves in tesm work, the sharing of responsibilities and competencies predominates, which in the daily services contributes to the difficulties surrounding the delimitation of professional specificities.
Genética e tradução: a poética de Hilda Hilst
Authors: Grando Cristiane
Published: April 2024

Interrogando-se sobre as possíveis relações entre Genética e Tradução, este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre tradução de manuscritos, além dos resultados da tradução de um poema de Hilda Hilst - tendo os manuscritos com o material de pesquisa do tradutor. Ao traduzir, nota-se que conhecer os processos de criação do escritor é uma fonte que auxilia o tradutor a explorar os mesmos processos vivenciados na criação do texto que pretende traduzir. O estudo do ritmo, da sonoridade e do emprego das palavras é um tipo de pesquisa que também auxilia no exercício da tradução. Logo, a pesquisa, a experimentação e a recriação são processos criativos do tradutor.
Construção da ordem temporal na gênese da comunicação narrativa em Meus verdes anos
Authors: Agra Maria Lúcia de S.
Published: April 2024

Este texto apresenta um estudo sobre a construção do tempo durante o processo genético da comunicação narrativa no prototexto de Meus verdes anos, de José Lins do Rego. A análise dos procedimentos de construção estrutural do discurso mostra que, ao desvendar os movimentos escriturais, a crítica genética contribui com os trabalhos da teoria literária.
O processo de criação do ensaio "amor e medo" de Mário de Andrade
Authors: Carvalho Ricardo Souza de
Published: April 2024

A partir de notas marginais e de manuscritos de Mário de Andrade, procuramos reconstruir o itinerário de criação do ensaio "Amor e medo”. Também identificamos o projeto de um livro sobre o romantismo brasileiro que o escritor alentava.
A Zona do Espantalho
Authors: Antelo Raúl
Published: April 2024

In reading the manuscript of Oliverio Girondo's "Espantapájaros", we can show how scriptural genetic analysis may approach social context and also be useful in cultural excavation process.
Uma aproximação enriquecedora
Authors: Teixeira Celina Borges
Published: April 2024

A aproximação entre a crítica genética e a teoria do caos pode esclarecer e enriquecer a análise dos manuscritos literários. O manuscrito pode ser entendido como um sistema complexo e auto-organizado onde as leituras sucessivas transformam um ruído (falta de informação) em informação. O poema L !Ange de Paul Valéry é o exemplo escolhido de não linearidade, de auto-reflexividade e de uma nova visão criada a partir da relação entre as duas teorias.
Mário de Andrade: um texto interrompido ou um texto terminado?
Authors: Lopez Telê Porto Ancona
Published: April 2024

Considering the distinction among unfinished, interrupted and concluded texts in Mário de Andrade’s creative process, in his known unpublished writings, the study concentrates on the writing of Balança, Trombeta e Battleship, a short story that was the object of a genetic edition in 1993.
De qual inconsciente falamos no manuscrito
Authors: Willemart Philippe
Published: April 2024

Sem resumo.
Os bastidores de uma obra coreográfica: a sagração da primavera
Authors: Augusto Rosana van Langendonk
Published: April 2024

Os bastidores de uma obra coreográfica são revelados a partir da constatação da grande importância do estudo dos rastros deixados por um coreógrafo durante a composição de sua obra. A Crítica Genética, ciência que tem o propósito de descobrir o processo de fabricação da obra} tenta compreender o tempo de concepção e gestação do produto conside­rado final por seu criador e ilumina, deforma interpretativa, os cami­nhos por ele percorridos.
Instabilidade e Estabilidade dos processos de criação no manuscrito literário
Authors: Willemart Philippe
Published: April 2024

Apoiando-me nos textos e manuscritos publicados de Stéphane Mallarmé e após ter sublinhado a fragilidade de tô.dos os elementos da escrita, proponho substituir o paradigma acaso-arquiïetado que estruturou a pesquisa do poeta7 pelo de instabilidade-estabilidade inspirado da teo­ria do químico Ilya Prigogine.
Jogos com a realidade
Authors: Salles Cecilia Almeida
Published: April 2024

O objetivo deste artigo ê discutira complexa relação estabelecida entre a realidade externa ã obra de arte e a realidade desse mundo ficcional em construção. A fonte das reflexões aqui expostas é a observação do pro­cesso criador através das pegadas deixadas pelos artistas (rascunhos, diá­rios, esboços e anotações). O ato criador é visto como um processo de trans­formação e a percepção artística como um dos momentos transformadores.
A criação na crítica e a crítica na criação
Authors: Pino Claudia Amigo
Published: April 2024

Neste artigo, proa tra-se esboçar uma história do romance através da projeção dos conceitos definidos por Julia Kristeva, em La révolution du langage poétique, com o objetivo de encontrar o sentido histórico do ro­mance pós-moderno. Logo, sob a ótica das aproximações de Jameson, Lyotard, Linda Hutcheon eítalo Calmno, tenta-se traçaras características básicas da literatura pós-moderna. A obra do Oulipo e de Georges Perec são apresentadas como exemplos desse tipo de literatura na narrativafran­cesa, mas um exemplo que privilegia uma característica comum a todas as obras pós-modernas: a preocupação com o processo de criação. Estabe­lece-se um paralelo entre esta preocupação na literatura e na teoria (críti­ca genética) para encontrar pontos de convergência reveladores para aná­lise literária.
A bordo do carro da miséria
Authors: Longo Tatiana Maria
Published: April 2024

Acompanhando o percurso genético de O carro cia Miséria de Mário de Andradey o artigo detêm-se nas 5 versões existentes no arquivo do escritor e recíipera trechos de outras versões em cartas. Apresenta, com aparato genético, o Ensaio clé interpretação de “O carro da Miséria” que o autor analisa seu poema.
Manuscritos literários brasileiros no exterior
Authors: Manfio Diléa Zanotto
Published: April 2024

Trata-se da apresentação parcial dos resultados da pesquisa- financi­ada pela FAPESP - sobre Manuscritos literários brasileiros, realizada nas bibliotecas Nacional de Lisboa, Ajuda, Évora e Coimbra, em Portugal' <? wâí bibliotecas Nazionale di Roma e Apostólica Vaticana. Pretende-se sis­tematizar todos os dados reunidos e publicados.
Em busca do tempo perdido: percepção da forma, interpretação da vida
Authors: Ignácio Guilherme
Published: April 2024

A preocupação principal do ensaio é com o aproveitamento do potencial crítico da obra de Marcel Proust: em que medida o crítico que lê bem o texto do manuscrito, que o sabe analisar estaria ou não dispensado da tarefa de interpretar a obra.
Entre o olho e a letra
Authors: Pino Claudia Amigo
Published: April 2024

Este artigo tem como ponto de partida a postura de dois críticos - Philippe Lejeune e Bernard Magné - em relação ao trabalho de criação do escritor francês Georges Perec (1936-1982). Esses autores defendem que a análise dos processos criativos perequianos deve se concentrar no processo de montagem da narrativa, e não nos jogos e fórmulas que o escritor desenvolvia antes de sentar-se diante da máquina de escrever. Logo, procura-se defender que essa postura se sustenta em um dos fundamentos da teoria literária: a necessidade da interpretação. Tenta-se então estabelecer uma discussão sobre esse fundamento, questionando sua validez para o estudo da gênese da literatura contemporânea. Para isso, exploram-se conceitos de Jacques Lacan, Maurice Merleau-Ponty e o próprio Perec, entre outros.
Projetos e reflexões da equipe Mário de Andrade
Authors: Lopez Telê Ancona
Published: April 2024

Apresentação das principais linhas de pesquisa, das reflexões e da metodologia desenvolvidas pela Equipe Mário de Andrade do Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros da· Universidade de São Paulo. As quatro frentes de trabalho - Marginália e bibltoteca, Manuscritos do escritor, Preparo de edições genéticas, críticas e fidedignas de textos de Mário de Andrade e Arquivos da criação em sua correspondência - envolvem o arquivo e a biblioteca desse importante nome de nosso modernismo e podem buscar subsídios na coleção de arte por ele reunida.
Estrutura formal dos poemas de Amavisse: os paralelismos hilstianos
Authors: Grando Cristiane
Published: April 2024

Este artigo foi desenvolvido como parte da dissertação de mestrado Amavisse de Hilda Hilst: edição genética e crítica, defendida em agosto de 1998 na Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e· Ciências Humanas da Universidade de São Paulo (FFLCH-USP). No artigo, serão apresentadas análises dos principais tipos de paralelismo que estruturam a poesia hilstiana: paralelismo desconexo, paralelismo n-ário e paralelismo aprimorado. Além de estruturar os poemas, o paralelismo também funciona como elemento auxiliar na composição do ritmo e nos processos de divisão de estrofes. Como veremos, os paralelismos hilstianos são ricos pela diversidade de combinações.
Figurando a historicidade — considerações teóricas a partir dos cadernos de Valéry
Authors: Zular Roberto
Published: April 2024

Este artigo procura acentuar a importância da /noção de historicidade para os estudos genéticos. Partindo de trabalhos de Alfredo Bosi, Henri Meschonnic, Philippe Willemart e João Alexandre Barbosa, tem ainda como objetivo redimensionar o jogo das figuras e a leitura do intervalo dentro da démarche própria ao devir dos manuscritos, principalmente os de Paul Valéry.
Crítica genética francesa: revolução e reação
Authors: Pino Claudia Amigo
Published: April 2024

O presente trabalho pretende, através da análise de críticas à crítica genética francesa, discutir aspectos "conservadores" da disciplina que podem dificultar a função crítica das nossas pesquisas. No final, apresentamos algumas saídas a esses impasses, desenvolvidas pela própria crítica genética brasileira.
Guimarães Rosa em demanda do texto
Authors: Lima Sônia Maria van Dijck
Published: April 2024

Sagarana instaurou uma polêmica crítica e, ao mesmo tempo, consagrou o autor no quadro da literatura brasileira. Procuramos traçar em breves linhas a fortuna crítica de Sagarana, logo após seu lançamento) assim como as características fundamentais da poética de Guimarães Rosa, conforme suas declarações. Para demonstrar alguns dos procedimentos escriturais do autor) escolhemos fragmentos de "Sarapalha" .