bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NEUROVEGETATIVE VIOLATIONS IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF VITILIGO
Authors:   Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna TSMU, Rakhimov Umed , Mukhamadieva Kibriyokhon ,   Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna TSMU, Ismatulloeva Savrina ,   Department of Dermatovenereology, Avicenna TSMU
Published: December 2018

This article presents an analysis of contemporary publications dedicated to actuals of the role of neurovegetative disorders in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Based on the generalized literary data, the authors focus on the relationship of vitiligo with disorders of various parts of the nervous system, leading to damage and degeneration of melanocytes. The chronic, progressive course of vitiligo, caused by the activity of the immune system and stimulated by neurovegetative dysbiosis, is directly related to the psychological reaction of the person for the presence of a cosmetic defect.
ON THE QUESTION OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF POST-BURNING CICATRICIAL DEFORMATIONS OF THE NECK AND THE ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE CHEST
Authors:   Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Saidov Iskandar , Kurbanov Ubaidullo ,   Khatlon State Medical University, Davlatov Abdumalik ,   Department of Reconstructive and Plastic Microsurgery of the Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Dzhanobilova Sitora ,   Department of Reconstructive and Plastic Microsurgery of the Republican Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Kholov Sharafjon ,   Department of Surgical Diseases № 2, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University
Published: December 2018

The urgency of the problem of surgical correction of post-burn cicatricial deformations of the neck and anterior surface of the chest is determined not only by the high frequency of their occurrence but also by certain difficulties in choosing the optimal method for their elimination. The review of the literature presents an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of the main methods of surgical treatment for eliminating the consequences of burns of the neck and anterior surface of the chest. The analysis of the literature shows that the lack of a clear and unified approach in the choice of the surgical treatment method for post-burn cicatricial deformities of the neck and chest leaves new horizons for active research and creative research with the purpose of developing effective methods of surgical treatment of this pathology. To date, in the arsenal of plastic surgeons, there are various ways of surgical intervention: plastic local tissues, expander dermotension, as well as plastic flaps on the pedicle or free microsurgical autotransplantation of tissues.
OBSTRUCTIVE ILEOSTOMY IN TREATMENT OF COMPLEX LARGE INTESTINE FISTULA
Authors:   Penza Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors – Branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education, Baulin Anatoly , Baulina Olga ,   Penza Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors – Branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education, Baulina Natalia ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penza State University, Darbishgadzhiev Sharip ,   Penza Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors – Branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education, Baulin Vladimir ,   Penza Institute for Advanced Training of Doctors – Branch of Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Postgraduate Education
Published: December 2018

The causes of the development of complicated large intestine fistulas can be: tactical and technical errors allowed in both surgical intervention and in the management of the postoperative period, as well as the presence in the abdominal cavity at the time of the pyoinflammatory process. The article presents two clinical cases of successful treatment of complex large intestine fistulas of the colon according to the author’s method. The authors developed a variant of obstructive ileostomy for the treatment of complex large intestine fistulas. A distinctive feature of the method is the complete exclusion of intestinal contents from the passage through the critical zone, which allows achieving positive results in the treatment of complex fistulas of the large intestine and colonic insufficiency. When choosing a method of treatment, in particular, an operational benefit in patients with intestinal fistulas should take into account not only the localization of the process but also its prevalence, the presence of complications. An important factor in the choice of tactics is the age of the patient, as well as the presence of concomitant diseases. The effectiveness of treatment, including surgical, depends on early diagnosis and the application of rational tactics of subsequent intervention. The application of a modified obstructive ileostomy can be used in patients with complex large intestine fistulas.
A CASE OF SUCCESSFUL SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ACUTE COMMISSURAL INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION BY USING MINIMALLY INVASIVE TECHNOLOGY
Authors:   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna TSMU, Boymurodov Orif , Yorov Yormakhmad ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna TSMU, Gaziev Zafar ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna TSMU, Toshev Shahriyor ,   Department of General Surgery № 1, Avicenna TSMU
Published: December 2018

The article contains the results of modern diagnosis and successful minimally invasive surgical treatment of a patient with acute commissural intestinal obstruction. Timing of the entrance form the onset of the disease amounted to 24 hours. The reason for treatment at the clinic was the increased pain syndrome, bloating and dyspeptic phenomenon. When ultrasound found, free fluid in the abdominal cavity is not available. For a more accurate diagnostic topical review was performed X-rays of abdominal cavity, on which Kloyber’s bowls and intestinal arches revealed, which was confirmed by the diagnosis of intestinal impassability. The patient operated using laparoscopic technology. There were no intraoperative complications. The duration of the operation was 45 minutes. Drainage tubes removed on the 3rd day. In the postoperative period, the patient prescribed antibiotics, antispasmodics, colloidal-crystalloid solutions, non-narcotic analgesics and absorbable drugs. The duration of hospitalization was 5 days. During the monitoring inspection within one month, the patient had no any complaints. Keywords: Laparoscopy, intestinal commissural obstruction, cord-like adhesions, adhesion
The Impression Management Strategy of the Candidates of Governor-Vice Governor of DKI Jakarta on Social Media
Authors: Murwani Endah
Published: December 2018

The use of social media is not only important but also strategic means of political communication in the Regional Leader Election (Pilkada) of DKI Jakarta and is interesting to be examined, particularly from the view of Erving Goffman’s Self Presentation—Impression Management Theory. This research aims at illustrating the impression management strategy of the Governor-Vice Governor candidates for DKI Jakarta, namely Ahok-Djarot and Anies-Sandi, through social media. We apply qualitative analyses to the Instagram feeds and Twitter timelines of the two duos from October 2016 to April 2017. The result shows that the candidates attempt to present themselves by projecting the images they want. Ahok-Djarot applies three strategies: 1) credibility strategy, presenting competency, achievements, performance during their time in the office of DKI Jakarta as well as their characters—enthusiastic, firm, and focus to positive matters; (2) politeness strategy, by illustrating themselves as two concerned, friendly, and humorist persons; (3) influencing strategy, to spread influence; (4) self-deprecating strategy to draw sympathy from the citizens about the problems faced by Ahok. On the other hand, Anies-Sandi utilize these three strategies: 1) affinity seeking and politeness strategy to make them acknowledged and liked by the netizens; 2) image confirming strategy to make the netizens have the image of who Anies-Sandi are; and (3) credibility strategy by showcasing their achievements prior to being the Governor-Vice Governor of DKI Jakarta candidates.
Digital Transformation, Big Data and Research Landscape in Digital Communication
Authors: Syafganti Imam
Published: December 2018

The digitization of communications technology has led to an intense interaction between human and digital-based technology. A large number of digital data traces produced by humans as a result of that activity. Such data is commonly referred to Big Data. The availability of Big Data as a digital data source in turn, opens opportunities for communication scientists to be able to use that data to get the patterns and trends of human activities that have been done through social research. It is necessary to understand the basic concept of the Big Data, using appropriate tools and adequate access to the data, and appropriate research method in order to be able to conduct research by using such digital data. This paper aims to describe the potential of Big Data for the purposes of communication research, the use of appropriate tools, techniques and methods and to identify potential research directions in the digital realm. Some limitations and critical issues related to the research validity, population and sample, as well as ethics in digital media research method were also discussed.
The Management of Negotiation Process on the Animal Welfare Dispute in the Bandung Zoo
Authors: Agustin Herlina , Sirait Rinda Aunillah , Supriadi Dandi
Published: December 2018

The management of conflict and negotiation play an important role in solving a dispute. Both actions are not simple tasks in resolving conflicts since different points of view usually involve. This is what happened in the dispute of animal welfare issue between the Bandung Zoo and Scorpion Wildlife Foundation. The dispute that becomes the focus of this article relates to the accusation raised by Scorpion Wildlife towards the Bandung Zoo in terms of animal welfare abandonment. The conflict between the two organizations has increased because the Bandung Zoo did not accept the allegations and intended to bring Scorpion to a legal court under the reason of defamation. This article looks at the utilization of the management of conflict and negotiation to resolve this conflict, being done by the Agency of Natural Resources of West Java as the facilitator. The study used constructivist case study methods in order to chronologically construct the conflict as well as the use of negotiation. The results show that the facilitator has performed its dominance in the negotiation process, while the conflicted parties were still not having an agreement to resolve the problem. This condition has potential to invalidate at any time if the resolution is not completely reached.
Khả năng chịu acid, kháng và hấp thụ nhôm của nấm mốc phân lập từ đất trồng chè vùng Tân Cương, Thái Nguyên
Authors: Ngô Chau Thị Tường
Published: December 2018

Từ các mẫu đất trồng chè vùng Tân Cương, Thái Nguyên, 16 chủng nấm mốc có khả năng chịu acid và kháng nhôm đã được phân lập trên môi trường Hansen thạch đĩa (pH 3,0) chứa nhôm với nồng độ 100 mg L-1. Trong đó, hai chủng nấm mốc ký hiệu F8 và F13 có thể phát triển tốt trên môi trường Hansen thạch đĩa (pH 3,0) chứa nhôm với nồng độ lên đến 700 mg L-1. Các phân tích về đặc điểm hình thái và trình tự nucleotide của các gen 28S rDNA đã chỉ ra rằng chủng F8 thuộc loài Eupenicillium javanicum, trong khi chủng F13 thuộc loài Penicillium variabile. Các khảo sát tiếp theo đã cho thấy cả hai chủng nấm mốc F8 và F13 có thể phát triển tốt trong môi trường Hansen dịch thể chứa nhôm với nồng độ 100 mg L-1 tại các giá trị pH 2,2- 5,0 và với nồng độ 500- 2.000 mg L-1 tại pH 2,4. Sau 7 ngày nuôi cấy trên máy lắc ổn nhiệt tại 30oC, 150 vòng/phút, hiệu suất hấp thụ nhôm từ môi trường Hansen dịch thể chứa nhôm với nồng độ 2.000 mg L-1 (pH 2,4) của chủng F8 đạt 92,06% và chủng F13 đạt 86,88%. Vì vậy, hai chủng Eupenicillium javanicum F8 và Penicillium variabile F13 được cho là có tiềm năng trong cải thiện đất trồng chè bị acid hoá bằng cách giảm thiểu hàm lượng nhôm linh động trong đất, đảm bảo năng suất cũng như chất lượng của sản phẩm chè.
Associations of single nucleotide polymorphism rs17782313 in melanocortin 4 receptor gene with anthropometric indices in normal and obesity primary school children in Hanoi
Authors: Tuyet Le
Published: December 2018

Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) has roles in regulating food intake and energy balance. A number of studies have reported that variant rs17782313 is significantly associated with obesity in many populations. However, their contribution to obesity in the Vietnamese population is not fully described. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the association of rs17782313 with anthropometric indices and obesity in the Vietnamese children population. A case-control study was conducted on 559 children aged 6-11 years (278 obese cases and 281 normal controls). The nutrition status of the children was classified using both criteria of International Obesity Task Force 2000 and World Health Organization 2007. The results showed that in normal group, the data of z score of weight for age was highest in CC genotype group and was lowest in TT genotype group (0.11 and -0.38 respectively, P=0.023). In obese group, the waist hip ratio was lowest in TT genotype group and the highest one was in CC genotype group (0.93 and 0.97 respectively, P=0.031). Our findings indicate that the variant rs17782313 near MC4R is likely to have an impact on the changing of weight and central obesity in the Vietnamese children.
Preparation of Rutin Phytosome Complex
Authors: Nguyễn Khanh
Published: December 2018

Rutin is a flavonol glycoside, which has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory,  antithrombotic, antineoplastic, inhibit ultraviolet radiation-induced cutaneous oxidative stress  and inflammation. The oral bioavailability of Rutin is very low. Phyto-phospholipid complex (phytosomes) is helpful in enhancing oral bioavailability and transdermal permeation of Rutin. Rutin phytosomes were prepared by using phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol by solvent evaporation and spray drying method. The physicochemical properties of phytosomes were  evaluated using particle size analyses, polydispersity index, Zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, furrier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Phytosomes with the rutin: PC: cholesterol molar ratios of 1:1:0.2 were prepared by spray drying showed the lowest particle size (266.4 nm), the highest encapsulation efficiency (95.61%). Results of the FT-IR, DSC and XRD studies confirmed the  phyto-phospholipid complex formation.
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN THE GLY972ARG POLYMORPHISM IN IRS1 GENE AND THE RISK OF PREDIABETES AMONG VIETNAMESE WOMEN
Authors: Nguyen Thu
Published: December 2018

Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) is a ligand of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase and participates in the insulin receptor signal transduction pathway. Dysregulations in IRS1 expression and function increase incidence of insulin-resistant states such as prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. The study aimed to investigate the association of the Gly972Arg (rs1801278) polymorphism in IRS1 gene with prediabetes in Northern Vietnamese women. The case-control study consisted of 1617 women (250 prediabetic cases and 1367 normoglycemic controls). The IRS1 Gly972Arg polymorphism was genotyped in these subjects using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism. The frequency of the ‘‘A’’ allele of the Gly972Arg (G>A) polymorphism was similar between the normal glucose and prediabetic subjects (2.7% and 2.6%, respectively). There was no significant difference in the genotypic frequency between the control and prediabetic cases (P = 0.673). The IRS1 Gly972Arg polymorphism was not associated with the risk of prediabetes in Vietnamese women before and after adjusted for socio-economic, lifestyles and clinical factors (P > 0.05).
Bùi Thị Xuân1*, Vũ Đức Lợi1, Nghiên cứu tác dụng giảm đau của phân đoạn dịch chiết từ lá cây Khôi Đốm (Sanchezia nobilis. Hoof)
Authors: Bui Thi Xuan
Published: December 2018

Nghiên cứu đánh giá tác dụng giảm đau trung ương với 2 mô hình thực nghiệm là phương pháp mâm nóng và phương pháp rê kim trên chuột nhắt trắng đối với phân đoạn dịch chiết n-hexan và ethyl acetat của lá cây Khôi đốm thu hái ở tỉnh Nam Định. Kết quả cho thấy theo đường uống, với liều 64 mg cao/kg/ngày, 192 mg cao/kg/ngày của phân đoạn n-hexan và liều 16 mg cao/kg/ngày, 48 mg cao/kg/ngày của phân đoạn ethyl acetat, dùng trong 7 ngày liên tục thì phân đoạn ethylacetat tác dụng giảm đau trung ương rõ rệt hơn so với phân đoạn n-hexan.
Bảo hộ chương trình máy tính theo pháp luật Việt Nam: thực tiễn và thách thức
Authors: Trần Kiên
Published: December 2018

Bài viết đi sâu phân tích các quy định của pháp luật Việt Nam về bảo hộ chương trình máy tính. Bài viết chỉ ra rằng, học tập kinh nghiệm và thực tiễn lập pháp quốc tế Việt Nam đã lựa chọn cách thức bảo hộ chương trình máy tính với tư cách là một đối tượng của quyền tác giả. Tuy nhiên, cách thức bảo hộ này cũng có những hạn chế, nhược điểm nhất định khiến cho việc bảo hộ không có được kết quả như mong đợi. Các thách thức đó đặt ra yêu cầu cần phải sửa đổi, bổ sung pháp luật hiện hành hoặc là tìm kiếm một mô hình, cách thức bảo hộ khác, phù hợp hơn, hiệu quả hơn để bảo vệ chương trình máy tính trong pháp luật Việt Nam.
POLITIK HUKUM CAGAR BUDAYA DALAM PERLINDUNGAN IDENTITAS BANGSA INDONESIA
Authors: Arifin Hafidz Putra
Published: December 2018

The 1945 Constitution contain a ruling obligating the government to protect and preserve all cultural objects, manifestation of the nation’s culture, as cultural heritage.  It is conceded that the political will as reflected in regulations made from time to time on the protection of the nation’s cultural heritage are oriented towards preservation of the Indonesian identity and furthering social welfare. In reality however, cultural heritage objects are vulnerable to looting, willful destruction or lack of care. Using a juridical normative method, the author shall examine existing rules and regulation regarding protection of cultural heritage.  One important finding from this research is that low quality of cultural heritage protection is the result of low societal understanding of the importance of cultural heritage in the making of the national identity.
MODIFICATION OF PUBLIC CONTRACT: BETWEEN RULE OF FAIR COMPETITION AND FREEDOM OF CONTRACT PRINCIPLE
Authors: Saputri Theodora Pritadianing
Published: December 2018

It is internationally accepted that public procurement procedure and public contract shall be organized in accordance with the fair competition principle and fulfil the requirement of transparency. Public procurement regulations are necessary to secure the efficient use of taxpayer resources by the government in purchasing goods, services and works from the market and to ensure fair competition among the public contract should be protected and that therefore it would be necessary to amend existing regulations which prohibit or restrict this right derived from freedom of contract.  In addition, law makers should also put in place restriction with regard to corporate restructuring which main intention is to circumvent requirements of tender documents.
The Death Penalty in Malawi: An Assessment against Regional and International Human-rights Standards
Authors: Gumboh Esther
Published: December 2018

Despite the global trend towards the abolition of the death penalty, Malawi has no plans to do so. However, the country is under an obligation to ensure that the use of the death penalty is restricted in line with regional and international human-rights law. A survey of the application of the death penalty in Malawi reveals that while there are some restrictions on its use, the law and practice are not fully aligned with the regional and international standards. This is particularly the case with the scope of capital crimes, the right to seek mercy and the death row phenomenon. Malawi needs to address these shortfalls and move progressively towards the abolition of the death penalty. The task of this article is to make known some findings on how Malawi fares in this regard. The paper first discusses the regional and international human rights standards for the death penalty then it considers the Malawian Constitution and the restrictions on the death penalty under Malawian law. It concludes with an assessment of the extent to which Malawi conforms to international law insofar as the death penalty is concerned.
THE DYNAMICS OF WOUND HEALING IN THE TREATMENT WITH THE OINTMENT WITH A DRY EXTRACT OF POTENTILLA
Authors: Lezhnevа L. P. , Temirbulatova A. M. , Stepanova E. F. , Veselova D. V.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The study was designed for the evaluation of the effect of ointments with dry extracts of potentilla on the dynamics of the healing process of full-thickness skin wounds.

Materials and methods. The wound healing activity estimation of the proposed dosage form was conducted on white Wistar rats. The results of macroscopic studies (the area of the wound defect, the state of the scab, the presence of hemorrhage beneath it, the degree of inflammatory processes in the underlying tissues, including deeply located tissue structures, up to the muscle elements) and the results of histological examination were the criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the wound healing agent. In the course of the experiment, the animals were divided into 4 groups: the main group (treatment with the ointment with a dry extract of potentilla), control group No. 1 (treatment with the ointment base), control group No. 2 (without treatment), and control group No. 3 (treatment with the «Chlorophyllipt» drug.

Results. The results of the macroscopic and histological studies made it possible to conclude that the wound healing process in the treatment with the ointment with a dry extract of potentilla had a number of features. The proposed dosage form enhanced the regeneration of the multilayered squamous epithelium, accelerated the maturation of the granulation tissue, and eliminated the inflammation and infiltration in the first days of treatment, which led to a significant reduction in the healing time when it was applied (15-18 days). In the animals of the control groups No. 1 and No. 2, the described processes occurred much more slowly, and inflammatory infiltration persisted almost throughout the entire experiment. The wound surface was healed on the 27-30th day. A lot of common features were noted in the mechanism and timing of wound healing in the treatment with the ointment with a dry extract of potentilla and a reference preparation – «Сhlorophyllipt».

Conclusion. The ointment with a dry extract of potentilla significantly speeds up the healing process of full-thickness skin wounds.
CHANGE IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF CHILDREN AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF RETINAL DETACHMENT
Authors: Sergienko A. N. , Dashina V. V. , Malyshev A. V. , Lysenko O. I. , Yanchenko S. V.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The study was designed for the evaluation of the quality of life of children with retinal detachment during vitrectomy.

Materials and methods. 23 children with retinal detachment aged from 10 to 17 years were treated. Surgical treatment consisted of a three-port vitrectomy and a laser endocoagulation of the retina. 3 groups were formed with the help of a random sampling. During the surgical treatment of group I (n=8), only balanced non-oxidant solutions of salts (Balsed Salt Solution − BSS) were used. Tablets of antioxidant preparations were not assigned. Saline solutions with antioxidants (BSS plus) were used to carry out surgery for group II (n=8). Group III (n=7) was additionally taking antioxidant preparations peros for 3 months in the postoperative period . The quality of life was studied using the abridged Russian version of the VFQ-25 questionnaire. 10 children of the same age with no indications of surgical treatment of retinal detachment were selected for the control group. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using a set of programs for applied statistical analysis Analyst Soft, Bio Stat 2007.

Results.A week after the surgical treatment, no increase in visometric data was observed. Six months later, a significant increase in visual acuity was revealed. The highest visometric data were observed in group II due to the minimal progression of lens opacities. Group I patients had the lowest values of this index.

Conclusion.The positive effect of the surgical treatment of retinal detachment positively influenced the patients’ quality of life in the early and late postoperative period.
MODERN VIEW ON THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Beinarovich S. V. , Filimonova O. I.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The study was conducted to analyze the sources of literature on the etiology and pathogenesis of the temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJD) with the reflection of the most urgent and unresolved problems.

Materials and methods.A study of Russian and foreign literature of recent years in the databases of RINC, Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed was conducted.

Results.It was revealed that the issue of the etiology and pathogenesis of the TMJD remains open. There are different points of view on the etiology and pathogenesis of this pathology which allow many researchers to not only study the various causes of this pathology known to date but also to work towards finding new etiological factors. The polyetiology of the TMJD explains not only complexity but also requires complex diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.

Conclusion.Despite the diversity of views on the etiology and pathogenesis of the TMJ, a number of issues remain that require detailed study. Obviously, it is necessary not only to improve the available methods of diagnosis and treatment but also to develop new methods based on the available various modern views on the problem of the etiology and pathogenesis of the TMJD.
MODERN METHODS OF ANXIETY ASSESSMENT of RODENTS BY TESTS BASED ON UNCONDITIONal BEHAVIOR MODELS
Authors: Kade A. Kh. , Kravchenko S. V. , Trofimenko A. I. , Poliakov P. P. , Lipatova A. S. , Ananeva E. I. , Chaplygina K. Iu. , Uvarova E. A. , Tereschenko O. A.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The main aim of this research is to overview some main methods of anxiety assessment of animals by the behavioral tests based on the unconditional models. Animal models of anxiety disorders are actively used for studying their etiology and pathogenesis and for their treatment and prevention. This review describes some basic unconditional methods of anxiety disorders assessment in laboratory animals: open field test, light-dark box test / light-dark exploration box, elevated plus-maze and Suok test. The principles of conducting this test, regulated parameters and their link with anxiety-level are described.

Conclusion.A modern researcher possesses different methods of modeling anxiety disorders in rodents. The tendency to an in-depth assessment of the behavioral reactions is noted. The use of the described models allows us to reveal and analyze the anxiolytic activity of new pharmacological drugs and non-pharmacological methods of pathological anxiety management. The most important aspect of performing this research is the correct matching of received data and normal and pathological human physiology features.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASONOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSTICS OF SOLID PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS
Authors: Ryabin N. S. , Katrich A. N. , Bykov M. I. , Stash R. G.
Published: December 2018

Endosonography takes a leading role in solid pancreatic neoplasms diagnostics. This article presents the main indicators of diagnostics efficiency of the method depending on the nosology of a tumor. The article describes the research results of domestic and foreign authors about the possibility of endoscopic ultrasonography in determining the resectability of solid pancreatic neoplasms based on the diagnostics of biliopancreatoduodenal zone blood vessels invasion. We consider the auxiliary techniques of endosonography, particularly, their role and informative value in differential diagnosis of pancreatic lesions.
POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM: MODERN ASPECTS OF DIAGNOSIS, PREVENTION AND THERAPY
Authors: Sokolova M. M. , Kirov M. Y. , Shelygin K. V.
Published: December 2018

Delirium is an acute change in mental status in the form of disorientation in time and space, loss of attention and disruption of sleep/wake patterns. From the psychopathological point of view, delirium is a qualitative disorder of consciousness with concomitant disorders of perception (illusions and hallucinations). Postoperative delirium (POD) is one of the postoperative complications that occur in patients of any age, including children. As a rule, POD develops within 5-7 days after the surgery. The frequency of its occurrence varies in different age groups. Nowadays more than 230 million surgeries are performed annually in the world, and the frequency of POD depends on the type of surgical operations, age of a patient and a number of risk factors. The effects of POD include cognitive disorders, prolonged hospitalization, increased mortality, leading to a significant increase in healthcare costs. The implementation of the protocol on the diagnosis and therapy of delirium, based on modern recommendations, can improve the clinical outcome.
THE UTEROCERVICAL ANGLE AS AN ADDITIONAL ULTRASOUND MARKER FOR PREDICTION OF PRETERM BIRTH
Authors: Astaf'eva O. V. , Karyakina I. V. , Aslanyan E. A. , Micheeva N. V.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The study was conducted to determine the informative significance of the uterocervical angle for prediction of preterm birth using the ultrasound cervicometry at 16-20 weeks of pregnancy.

Materials and methods.340 pregnant women aged 20-35 were examined at 16-20 weeks of pregnancy using the ultrasound cervicometry and by measuring the uterocervical angle. The interrelation analysis of the pregnancy outcome (preterm birth or birth at term) was carried out depending on the cervical length and the uterocervical angle value at 16-20 weeks of pregnancy. 

Results. Preterm birth before 37 weeks occurred in 32 patients (9.4%). The average value of the uterocervical angle at 16-20 weeks was 104,2±0,9 degrees in case of preterm birth and 92,3±2,7 degrees in case of birth at term. While analyzing the interrelation of the uterocervical angle value and preterm birth, it was found that the frequency of preterm birth with the uterocervical angle of >105º was 81.2% and 16,9% in case of birth at term (OR 21,333 [CI 8,363-54,418], p<0,05).

Conclusion.The uterocervical angle is a prognostically significant criterion for predicting preterm birth with the sensitivity of 81.3% and the specificity of 83.1%. The diagnostic effectiveness of the test was 83,1%.
THE STUDY OF RENOPROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF ERYTROPOETIN DERIVATIVES ON THE KIDNEY ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION MODEL
Authors: Elagin V. V. , Kostina D. A. , Bratchikov O. I. , Pokrovsky M. V. , Pokrovskaya T. G.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The research was designed to study the renoprotective properties of erythropoietin derivatives on the kidney ischemiareperfusion experimental model.

Materials and methods.The renoprotective properties of asialo erythropoietin (0.4 μg/kg and 2.4 μg/kg 30 minutes before the induction of ischemia) and carbamylated darbepoetin (50 μg/kg 24 hours before the ischemic stimulus) were studied in comparison with erythropoietin and darbepoetin in a series of experiments on male Wistar rats on a 40-minute bilateral model of renal ischemia-reperfusion. The renoprotective properties were evaluated by the results of biochemical markers of acute kidney injury, the dynamics of glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion, as well as the severity of microcirculatory disorders.

Results.It was found that the prophylactic use of asialo erythropoietin (dose-dependent) and carbamylated darbepoetin leads to a decrease in the serum concentration of markers of acute renal damage, an increase in the glomerular filtration rate, a decrease in fractional sodium excretion, and a decrease in microcirculatory disorders.

Conclusion.Asialo erythropoietin and carbamylated darbepoetin have the pronounced renoprotective properties and are the promising agents for the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury.
CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIA IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS
Authors: Zhukova L. I. , Gorodin V. N. , Kovalevskaya O. I. , Kozyreva E. V. , Oleinikova E. S.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The research was designed for clinical and laboratory characteristics and treatment of respiratory mycoplasma pneumonia in adult patients hospitalized to the infectious diseases hospital of the city of Krasnodar.

Materials and methods.The frequency of occurrence and the nature of the clinical symptoms confirmed by ELISA analysis of mycoplasma pneumonia in 35 patients, who were treated in the State Budgetary Establishment of Public Health Services “Specialized Clinical Infectious Hospital” of Krasnodar, were retrospectively analyzed.

Results.Mycoplasma pneumonia in hospitalized patients of Krasnodar is more common in young men during the cold season and occurs in moderate form. When ranking the clinical symptoms, it has been established that the priority signs of the disease are acute onset, febrile temperature, symptoms of lesions of the upper respiratory tract, increased CRP, dry coughing and relative monocytosis in the general blood test that can be considered the suggestive symptoms of the disease. Antimicrobial drugs from the macrolide, fluorinated quinolone and tetracycline groups, either as a monotherapy or in the combination, were prescribed for the patients with mycoplasma pneumonia.

Conclusion. The frequency of occurrence and the absence of pathognomonic symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia make it advisable to include an enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to “atypical” pathogens in the examination algorithm of patients with any pneumonia, which will provide more accurate diagnosis and correction of etiotropic therapy.
MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WOUND PROCESS IN AN OPTIMIZED SURGICAL TREATMENT OF widespread purulent- INFLAMMATORY PROCESSES OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL AREA
Authors: Lukashov V. Y. , Kirpichev A. A. , Kuzmin M. I. , Sveshnikov G. G.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The research was conducted to study the processes occurring in soft tissues in the surgical treatment of widespread purulent-inflammatory processes of the maxillofacial area and to confirm the effectiveness of the developed optimal surgical technology.

Materials and methods. A surgical treatment of 20 patients with the widespread purulent-inflammatory processes of maxillofacial area was carried out according to the developed surgical technology. In all cases, the tissue was taken from the area of the pathological focus for the pathomorphological examination at all stages of treatment.

Results. The morphological study of the drugs obtained during a primary surgery on the purulent-inflammatory focus showed a picture of the serous-purulent inflammation with a severe leukocyte infiltration. Necrobiosis and tissue necrosis prevailed in the center of the purulent-inflammatory focus. After 3 days, the wound began to grow young granulation tissue with a large number of capillary kidneys, a marked decrease in the level of leukocyte infiltration, the appearance of fibroblasts and lymph-histiocytic elements, the formation of fibrous connective tissue.

Conclusion. The morphological assessment of the wound process showed a positive dynamics and the effectiveness of the proposed treatment of the patients with purulent-inflammatory processes of the maxillofacial area.
EVALUATION OF BOUND WATER FORMS IN CLAYS
Authors: Seredin V. V. , Medvedeva N. A. , Anukhina A. V.
Published: December 2018

Clays during lithogenesis change the composition, structure and properties, including physicochemical. The result of the thermal analysis was thermograms, on which four peaks of loss of bound water mass were established. These peaks in the author's interpretation are presented as different types of bound water in clays. The obtained experimental data, from the position of the size of the structural elements, allowed to distinguish the following types of water: loosely bound and strongly bound water of the surface of colloids, water surface of crystallites (minerals) and the crystal lattice of minerals. It has been revealed that when the montmorillonite and kaolinite clays are heated, endo-effects are observed in the temperature range up to 900°C caused by the release of H2O and OH-, the source of which is adsorption water and crystal lattice water of minerals. For montmorillonite in the high-temperature range, endo-effects due to the release of CO and CO2 were also noted, which is due to the presence of calcite in its composition. The energy activity of the surfaces of the particles of montmorillonite and kaolinite clays is distributed in the following sequence: the crystallite surface > of the surface of the colloid > of the surface of the strongly bound water of the colloid, which does not contradict the physical nature of the formation of the clay particle. It has been revealed that in montmorillonite clay, the water of the surface of crystallites has the greatest strength of bonds between molecules, the smaller is the strongly bound water of the colloid and the least is loosely bound water of the colloid. In kaolinite clay, the greatest strength of the bonds between molecules is the water of the surface of crystallites, the smaller is the loosely bound water of the colloid and the least strongly bound water of the colloid. In kaolinite and montmorillonite clays, the temperature of the effect and the heat of dehydration of the studied forms of bound water determine the change in the loss of bound water mass in different directions. The results of the studies allowed to quantify various forms of water in clay minerals.
A COMPREHENSIVE METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE ENGINEERING CALCULATION PARAMETERS FOR THE CONSOLIDATION OF WATER-SATURATED VISCOUS SOILS
Authors: Bezvolev S. G.
Published: December 2018

The introductory part of the article describes varieties of water-saturated soils that have a significant viscous and filtration resistance to volumetric deformation. The engineering method of calculation developed for solving such problems was briefly described, its practical limitations and scope were noted. The main part of the article describes a combined methodology for the adequate definition of consolidation parameters of water-saturated viscous soils, according to the laboratory test by working load, by separating the stages of primary (filtration) and secondary (creeping) soil consolidation and matching their experimental plots with theoretical dependencies. An analysis of the method of calculating the soil filtration coefficient, which is often used in practice, is performed using the well-known theoretical expression of Terzagi in terms of the values of the consolidation and compressibility coefficients. This method can not be considered correct, because the compressibility factor is an indicator of the stabilized compression deformation, including its viscoplastic part, while in the Terzaghi formula, the magnitude of the consolidation coefficient corresponds solely to elastic-instantaneous deformations, characteristic only for the initial filtration stage. An example of the determination of the consolidation parameters of a water-saturated layer of fluid loam is considered when designing a pre-built erosion foundation for the construction of a residential micro-district in the marshy area. The methods of selection and testing of samples with an unstrained natural structure are described. The results of calculating the development over time of sediments of the natural layer of loam on the basis of the consolidation parameters obtained are given. In conclusion, it is noted that the developed methodology for determining parameters creates the backgrounds for the introduction in the project practice of effective methods of consolidation calculations that allow for the comprehensive consideration of conditions that affect the choice of rational type and design solutions of foundations.
KARST-SUFFOSION PROCESSES ON THE TERRITORY OF MOSCOW AND THE PROBLEM OF THEIR HAZARD ASSESSMENT
Authors: Kochev A. D. , Chertkov L. G. , Zayonts I. L.
Published: December 2018

The study of the processes leading to the formation of sinkholes on the surface of the earth on the territory of Moscow began in the late 60s of the last century. To date, 42 karst-suffusion funnels have been identified. Analysis of all the studied city sinkholes with their confirmedassociation with the ancient karst showed that their average size of these forms in the plan is 13.1 m, varying from 1.5 to 53 m. At the same time, all calculations of possible diameters of the sinkholes made during engineering-geological surveys in Moscow are usually reduced tovalues less than 3 m, less often they reach 5 – 6 m. The overwhelming number of specialists speak about the urgent need to change and improve the content of the set of rules in terms of engineering-geological surveys in karst areas. Existing calculation models are often usedunreasonably, often the result is tailored to the “necessary” values for designing engineers and builders. Hazard assessment of modern karstsuffosion processes, carried out on the basis of the “Hazard maps of ancient karst forms and modern karst-suffusion processes” (scale 1:10000) created by the specialists of the Sergeev Institute of Environmental Geoscience RAS and the State Unitary Enterprise Mosgorgeotrest in 2012, which determines the need for regional zoning using more meaningful criteria. The paper proposes a new approach, which takes intoaccount the results of the typification of geological-hydrogeological conditions of 42 karst-suffusion sinkholes formed in Moscow. In this case, the hazard prediction is carried out on the basis of an analysis of natural conditions, where a hazardous process has already beenimplemented with access to the surface in the form of such sinkholes.
EVALUATION OF DISTURBED PARAMETERS OF THE NATURAL STRUCTURE OF THE LABORATORY SAMPLES OF CLAY DEPOSITS DURING ENGINEERING AND GEOLOGICAL SURVEYS IN SAINT-PETERSBURG TERRITORY AND NEAREST AREAS
Authors: Vasenin V. A.
Published: December 2018

In Russian technical standards there are no criteria for the natural structure disturbance degree of laboratory samples of coherent dispersed soils. At the same time, such soils are widely represented in various regions of the country, in particular, in St. Petersburg. The paper discusses various criteria for estimating the degree of natural structure disturbance of laboratory samples, and also considers various methods for restoring the strength of samples. The main attention is paid to the evaluation of the degree of violation of the natural structure of laboratory samples when performing odometric tests. The statistical results of such an assessment are given for more than 3,000 oedometer tests of quaternary soils of different genesis based on deformation criteria. The quality assessment of laboratory samples was evaluated at 130 sites performing engineering and geological surveys (by various organizations) in St. Petersburg from 2003 and 2018. According to the results of statistical analysis, it was shown that the quality of samples by the criterion of the relative change in the porosity coefficient at the effective household stress corresponds to "poor" or "very poor" (according to the scale proposed by Т. Lunne and others). The main causes of the violation of the natural structure of the samples (sampling without primers, violation of sampling and storage rules, as well as transportation of samples) are described. Based on the results of a statistical analysis of the deformation parameters of laboratory soil samples during the implementation of complex geological survey in St. Petersburg, it was concluded that it is impossible to use the test results of these samples for performing geotechnical calculations using modern models of soil mechanics without special correction procedures.
ABOUT MAJOR FUNDAMENTAL LOSSES OF ENGINEERING GEOLOGY AS A SCIENCE IN POST-REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA (AFTER 1991)
Authors: Trofimov V. T.
Published: December 2018

Five fundamental losses of engineering geology as a science in the Russian Federation are characterized. The first of them is the transformation of the Engineering-geological Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, established in 1988, into the Institute of Geoecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1996. As a result, the phrase "engineering geology" has ceased to appear in the structure of organizations of the RAS. The second loss is the transformation of the journal “Engineering Geology”, created by Academician Ye.M. Sergeyev in the structure of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1979, in the journal “Geoecology”, the first issue of whichwas published in 1993. As a result, engineering geology has lost the main theoretical-methodological, methodical and factual periodical organ. After that, the title of the journal “Geoecology” is put in all the references in articles and books. In 2000, at the elections to the Russian Academy of Sciences, a geologist was chosen as a vacant member of the corresponding member in the specialty “engineering and environmental geology”, whose name is not known by scientific studies either in theory or in the methodology of engineering geology. As a result, now in the RAS there is neither an academician, nor a corresponding member in the specialty “engineering geology” (its third fundamental loss). As the fourth loss, the sad fate of the All-Russian Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology (VSEGINGEO), the main institute in the system of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation, is described, and the fifth is a similar situation with the Production and Research Institute for Engineering Surveys in Construction (PNIIIS) — previously a scientific and methodological center not only in matters of engineering and geological surveys, but also the entire system of engineering surveys in the country.
The Legal Status of Cryptocurrencies in the Russian Federation
Authors: Sidorenko E. L.
Published: December 2018

The paper focuses on the definition of the legal status of the cryptocurrency in the framework of the current Russian legislation. The subject of the research is the principal scientific and practical approaches to determining the object of civil rights and the object of acquisitive crimes in terms of their adaptability to cryptocurrencies. The purposes of the work were the search for a universal algorithm for resolving civil disputes related to the turnover of the crypto currency, and the qualification of the virtual currency theft (fraud). By using historical, comparative legal and dialectical methods as well as the content analysis method parallels between cryptocurrencies and individual objects of civil rights (a thing, property rights, other property) were drawn, and a number of options for qualifying the actions related to the non-repayable withdrawal of the cryptocurrency were proposed. Finally, the paper analyzes the draft laws prepared by the RF Ministry of Finance and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation and presents the author’s vision of the prospects for legalizing the cryptocurrency as an object of civil rights.