bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evidenciales en la Península Ibérica y las lenguas romances: ergatividad y contacto lingüístico
Authors: Lara Bermejo Víctor
Published: December 2022

El foco en la extensión de la evidencialidad morfológica en el español peninsular puede situarse en el oeste de España. Desde esa área, el recurso de la evidencialidad morfológica se ha ido difundiendo poco a poco por todo el español peninsular, así como por el portugués europeo, el gallego y gran parte del catalán. La generalización de la evidencialidad en otras regiones ha seguido el mismo camino: siempre hay un epicentro desde el que se expande. Este artículo analiza las razones lingüísticas que justifican el nacimiento de la evidencialidad en el oeste de España y la importancia que el contacto lingüístico ha tenido en la extensión de los evidenciales por toda la Península Ibérica y todo el espectro romance. Los resultados muestran que la evidencialidad puede ser o el resultado de patrones ergativos o un rasgo adoptado por contacto.
La representación del trastorno del espectro autista: una mirada desde la teoría de la metáfora conceptual
Authors: Ventura Olivet Yoselis , Alarcón Hernández Paola
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la representación del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) por parte de progenitores de hijos diagnosticados con esta condición, en Chile. Específicamente, se abordó la representación de 1) el TEA como alteración, 2) su autoimagen como madres y padres, 3) sus hijos con TEA, y 4) los profesores y especialistas de salud mental. Para la identificación y clasificación de metáforas se utilizaron las metodologías de Coll-Florit y Climent (2019), y Saban et al. (2007). Se evidenció que la conceptualización del TEA y la autoimagen de los progenitores están relacionadas con la contraposición de fuerzas y la naturaleza. De los profesores, resalta la resistencia al cambio de paradigma educativo, y de los especialistas, su pasividad.
Análisis pragmalingüístico de los grandes protagonistas de las redes sociales: los memes1 de la COVID-19 y de la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania en España
Authors: Santamaría Isabel , Preciado Jover Lucía
Published: December 2022

Los acontecimientos históricos sucedidos entre el año 2020 y principios de 2022, como son la pandemia mundial de la COVID-19 y el estallido de una posible Tercera Guerra Mundial, han sido el contexto idóneo para que prácticamente toda la población mundial haya recurrido a vías de escape al alcance de sus manos, tales como las redes sociales. El uso de estas aplicaciones favorece la interacción y el contacto entre la población y ha propiciado un aumento considerable de la creación de estructuras mínimas cargadas de humor e ironía: los memes. El propósito de este estudio es realizar un análisis pragmalingüístico de memes relacionados con la COVID-19 y la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania para definir y delimitar sus características. Para ello, a partir de una selección de 30 memes, vamos a analizar la estructura, la intención, la temática, los personajes y las marcas lingüísticas del humor y la ironía. Los resultados muestran que es el uso de la imagen en un contexto determinado lo que produce efecto humorístico. De igual modo, la proximidad del tema es lo que genera contenido e interés para la producción de memes.
Polisemia y metáfora en zoomorfismos en el español coloquial de Lima
Authors: Gonzales Cavero Rosario Mercedes , Collantes Tafur William Fernando , Poma Montenegro Lucero Iveth , Romero Chuco Raquel Maryori , Saravia Durand Sonia Nicol
Published: December 2022

En el presente artículo, se analizan expresiones lingüísticas del español coloquial de Lima en las que se conceptualizan al hombre y a la mujer como animales. Se estudia la polisemia y la metáfora de los zoomorfismos cerdo, lobo, perro y zorro, y sus respectivas formas femeninas. La investigación es de tipo cualitativo y de alcance descriptivo. Se emplea, en el análisis, el mecanismo cognitivo de la metáfora, la teoría de los prototipos de la versión ampliada (Lakoff, 1980, 1987) y la semántica de marcos (Fillmore, 1982), los cuales permiten detallar las motivaciones cognitivas y culturales que condicionan a un determinado grupo social a expresarse de ese modo. Finalmente, se identificaron nuevos sentidos en cada zoomorfismo, lo cual demuestra que las palabras se encuentran propensas a la variación, y que está determinada por el uso de los hablantes, especialmente los más jóvenes.
Discursos sobre la migración venezolana en el Perú: trabajo y características laborales
Authors: Crespo del Rio Claudia , Jimenez Lizama Pamela , Andrade Ciudad Luis , Samamé Rispa Anahís , Lazarte Chicata Sergio
Published: December 2022

En el marco del Análisis Crítico del Discurso y mediante herramientas lingüísticas a nivel micro, se analizan 64 entrevistas a población peruana de Lima y Arequipa sobre la comunidad venezolana en el Perú. El objetivo de la investigación es identificar las principales representaciones que se construyen sobre los migrantes en torno al trabajo y las características laborales. Para ello, se entrevistan grupos de ambas ciudades caracterizados por dos tipos de ocupación: básica (servicios y atención al cliente) y no básica (principalmente profesionales). Este criterio resulta relevante para identificar diferencias en los discursos de los entrevistados. Los resultados señalan aspectos positivos de los migrantes, como ser trabajadores, amables y atentos, preparados y educados; por otro lado, apuntan a rasgos negativos, como afirmar que quitan trabajo a los locales o, por el contrario, describirlos como flojos, pues se considera que en Venezuela no tenían costumbre de trabajar. En el análisis, se observa cómo los discursos contrastan con las representaciones acerca de la identidad de los peruanos, concebidos como trabajadores y esforzados. Además, se identifican dilemas ideológicos, referidos a tensiones entre discursos contradictorios en un mismo grupo o entrevistado.
Justicia organizacional y bienestar psicológico en docentes peruanos en situación de la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Pulido Cavero Carlos , Loli Pineda Alejandro E. , Llacho Inca Karen P. , Cerón Valencia Fernando , Vergara Villarino Arturo
Published: December 2022

La presente investigación tiene por objetivo conocer la relación entre justicia organizacional y bienestar psicológico en docentes de educación superior. La muestra estuvo conformada por 224 docentes de universidades públicas y privadas en situación de pandemia de manera virtual, con un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental y correlacional. Se les aplicó la Escala de Justicia Organizacional de Colquitt (2001), adaptada en Perú por Ausejo (2017) y la Escala de Bienestar Psicológico de Ryff (2012). Los resultados más importantes muestran que existe asociación significativa y positiva entre justicia organizacional y bienestar psicológico, siendo el tamaño del efecto pequeño. El análisis de los componentes de dichas variables arrojó que existe asociación significativa y positiva entre ellos, excepto el componente autonomía de bienestar psicológico, que no se relaciona con ninguno de los componentes de justicia organizacional, y crecimiento personal, que solo se relaciona con justicia procedimental, y no así con justicia distributiva, interpersonal e informativa.
Editorial
Authors: García Ampudia Lupe
Published: December 2022

En esta edición tenemos una doble celebración, de un lado la revista cumple 25 años de producción ininterrumpida, lo que expresa un esfuerzo sostenido institucionalmente que pocas publicaciones lo tienen; son 25 años en las que han transitado directores y comités editoriales con las dificultades propias de cada una de las etapas en las que les tocó ser parte de esta historia que la UNMSM impulsó. Nuestro reconocimiento a todos los directores que aportaron en ésta épica tarea.
F. Dostoevsky’s Underground Man and His Accusations to Modernity
Authors: Genys Dainius
Published: December 2022

Fyodor Dostoevsky’s literary art has served for centuries as a source of inspiration for scholars of different disciplines, opening up inexhaustible avenues of insight into human existence. The symbolic subtext of the article is an attempt to apply sociological imagination to the review of a literatural masterpiece, reconstructing and conceptualizing the author’s attitudes towards modernization. The academic intrigue stems from the question – how does modernization define a person and how does a person feel in a new society? Dostoevsky’s prominent conflict between the underground man and the social determinants that oppress him is conceptualized from sociological point of view. Through systematic and comparative analysis, the article also highlights Dostoevsky’s attitude to modernization, which is discussed in the broader context of ideas in E. Durkheim’s, Z. Bauman’s, V. Kavolis’s, Ch. Taylor’s, R. Inglehart’s, A. Giddens’s, etc. works.
The Violence of Being. The Holocaust in the Philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas
Authors: Pollefeyt Didier
Published: December 2022

This contribution shows how the Jewish philosopher Emmanuel Levinas has been confronted autobiographically with National-Socialism (1933-1945) and how his personal experience and the experience of the Jewish people under Hitlerism were translated in his philosophical understanding of ‘being’ as ‘il y a’ (in English: ‘there is’). The Holocaust provides a unique negative point of entry to understand Levinas’ ontological category which is as such not understandable since in the il y a, there is no longer a subject that stands before the objectivity of reality. On the contrary, the il y a is exactly the category that expresses a situation where the subject itself has no longer the ‘right’ to exist as such but still does not stop to exist. This violence of being is exactly what Hitlerism wanted to do in creating the Holocaust and submitting the Jewish people to it. This makes understandable how the whole philosophy of Levinas is an effort to overcome the il y a through a moral answer to the Holocaust.
On Metaphysical Guilt and Infinite Responsibility: K. Jaspers and E. Levinas
Authors: Saldukaitytė Jolanta
Published: December 2022

This paper discusses guilt and responsibility in Jaspers and Levinas. First, it explores the concept of guilt in Jaspers and shows that while “metaphysical guilt” deepens the existential dimension of human life it remains indifferent to the moral dimension of guilt and responsibility uncovered by Levinas. Second, the paper explores the notions of guiltless responsibility and unavoidable guilt in Levinas and shows that responsibility is not limited to specific wrongdoing or explicit acknowledgment of guilt. By drawing out these differences between Jaspers and Levinas, the author asks if Levinas’s approach might provide illuminating guidance to talk about our guilt and responsibility for the Holocaust as well as other social events.
Analysis of antibodies involved in cases of discordant and indeterminate HIV serology in Togo from 2016 to 2018
Authors: Kolou Malewe , Kengne Tegue Charnelle Ingrid , Koboyo Nadjir Liza , Amenyah-Ehlan Amivi , Ali-Edje Komlan , Ouro-Medeli Alassane , Dagnra Anoumou , Douffan Mensah , Salou Mounerou
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The national algorithm for the diagnosis of HIV infection in Togo leads sometimes to discordant or indeterminate results. The objective of this study was to explore the characteristics of discordant and indeterminate HIV serologies at the National Reference Center for HIV testing (CNR-VIH) in Togo. Material and methods: Through a cross-sectional study, we analyzed the cases of discordant and indeterminate serologies from 2016 to 2018 at the CNR-VIH. Three kind of tests were used. The first one is a screening test also called “test 1” is very sensitive while the confirmatory test also called “test 2” is very specific and used when the sample is reactive with test 1. The third test is an immunoblotting test which is used in case of discordance between test 1 and test 2 results. We used Vironostika HIV Uni-Form II Ag/Ab (BioMerieux, Geneva, Switzerland), Determine Alere HIV-1/2 Serum/Plasma (Chiba, Japan) and Murex HIV Ag/Ab (Dartford, UK) as test 1 while Tri-Dot HIV-I/II (J. Mitra & Pvt Ltd. New Delhi-110-India Co.) and Inno-Lia HIV-I/II Score (Fujirebio, Ghent, Belgium) were used respectively as test 2 and test 3. The test 3 allowed us to determine the antibodies involved in the occurrence of indeterminate serologies. A pool of indeterminate samples was tested for qualitative detection of HIV-1 RNA by RT-PCR using the NucliSENS EasyQ HIV-1 platform from BioMérieux. Results: A total of 555 discordant serologies corresponding to 4.3% of all serologies performed over the 3 years have been analyzed. The average age of the subjects tested was 36.9 ± 17.4 years and men were slightly more represented with a sex ratio of 1.03. Of the 555 samples, 81 (14.7%) were reactive with 53 (9.6%) cases of HIV-1 and 28 (5.1%) cases of HIV-2. Two hundred and thirty-one (41.6%) samples were negative while the remaining 243 (43.8%) were indeterminate. The frequencies of antibodies (Ab) against gp120, gp41, p24, p31, p17, gp105 and gp36 were respectively 10.3%, 46.3%, 15.5 %, 11.2%, 8.8%, 5.4% and 5.0%. Among the 257 cases for which gp41 Ab had been detected, 202 (78.6%) were cases of indeterminate serology with the only presence of gp41 Ab. Qualitative HIV-1 RNA testing on 71 (29.2%) indeterminate samples was negative. Conclusion: This study showed that discordant serologies are frequently found in our common practice in Togo. The use of immunoblotting tests has the advantage of making it possible to elucidate more than half of these discordant serologies. The contribution of molecular biology techniques is uncertain. The large majority of these indeterminate serologies are due to cross-reactions particularly with gp41. These indeterminate serologies require not only further studies for their understanding but also an update of HIV diagnosis algorithm in Togo.
Obesity and Overweight Among Children With Medical Complexity
Authors: Peinado Fabregat Maria I. , Saynina Olga , Sanders Lee M.
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES

To assess the prevalence of overweight or obesity among children with medical complexity (CMC), compared with children without medical complexity, and explore potentially modifiable mechanisms.

METHODS

This study involved a retrospective cohort of 41 905 children ages 2 to 18 seen in 2019 at a single academic medical center. The primary outcome was overweight or obesity, defined as a body mass index of ≥85% for age and sex. CMC was defined as ≥1 serious chronic condition in ≥1 system. Obesogenic conditions and medications were defined as those typically associated with excess weight gain. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for common confounders.

RESULTS

Of the children in the cohort, 29.5% were CMC. Overweight or obesity prevalence was higher among CMC than non-CMC (31.9% vs 18.4%, P ≤.001, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–1.35). Among CMC, the risk for overweight or obesity was higher among children with metabolic conditions (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.88–2.32), gastrointestinal conditions (aOR 1.23 95% CI 1.06–1.41), malignancies (aOR 1.21 95% CI 1.07–1.38), and Spanish-speaking parents (aOR 1.47 95% CI 1.30–1.67). Among overweight or obese CMC, 91.6% had no obesogenic conditions, and only 8.5% had been seen by a registered dietitian in the previous year.

CONCLUSIONS

CMC are significantly more likely to be overweight or obese when compared with children without medical complexity. Although many CMC cases of overweight appear to be preventable, further research is necessary to determine if and how to prevent comorbid obesity among CMC.
A comparative study of the Hungarian-speaking Roma population living in the Carpathian Basin with regard to obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kocsis É , Feith HJ
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Obesity is the most threatening non-infectious disease of our time, the basis of many chronic diseases, increasing the mortality rate. The Roma ethnic minority is particularly affected.

Materials and methods

Cross-sectional–questionnaire and physical–survey in rural settlements of Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, where Roma live with the non-Roma, Hungarian-speaking population (N = 1893).

Results

The average BMI of the Hungarian (P < 0.001) and Romanian (P = 0.018) samples was significantly higher than that of the Slovak sample. In the case of Roma and non-Roma subjects, we found a significant difference in Hungary (P = 0.006) based on body composition, as well as in the case of visceral fat (P < 0.001). The extremely obese (<40 BMI) are mostly low educated in Romania and Hungary (P < 0.001), while those in normal weight have a tertiary education in Slovakia (P = 0.027). Hungarian Roma and non-Roma participants show significant differences in the physical activity dimension of the SF-36 questionnaire (P < 0.001), as well as in Romania (P < 0.001) and Slovakia (P = 0.002).

Conclusions

In summary, it can be stated that rural Roma subjects in Hungary are in the worst situation in terms of obesity in the three countries studied. In our study, the results in Slovakia clearly suggest a healthier lifestyle.
A csecsemőmirigy T-sejtjeinek összetételében létrejövő változások a COVID–19-pandémia alatt
Authors: Lantos Judit , Furák József , Zombori-Tóth Noémi , Zombori Tamás , Bihari Katalin , Varga Endre , Hartmann Petra
Published: December 2022

Bevezetés: A COVID–19-fertőzés vagy a védőoltás hatását
vizsgáltuk a csecsemőmirigyben zajló T-sejtek differenciálódására, illetve hogy
a T-sejtek számának a fertőzöttek vérében észlelhető csökkenése a thymusban is
észlelhető-e. Módszer: Összesen 55, thymectomián átesett beteg
adatainak feldolgozása során három csoportot alakítottunk ki: 1) a pre-COVID–19
(PC)-csoportban szerepel 22 beteg, 12 nő és 10 férfi, akiknél 2008 és 2013
között történt thymectomia; a 2) no-COVID–19 (NC)-csoportban (védőoltást nem
kapott, fertőzésen át nem esett) 20 betegnél (11 nő és 9 férfi) 2020–2021-ben, a
3) COVID–19-védőoltást kapott vagy -infekción átesett (VIC-) csoportban 13
betegnél (4 nő és 9 férfi) szintén 2020–2021-ben történt thymectomia. A
patológiai mintákon CD4, CD8, CD25 és FOXP3 immunhisztokémiai vizsgálatok
történtek a ’helper’, a citotoxikus és a regulációs T-sejtek igazolására.
Eredmények: A VIC-csoportban a CD4-sejtek előfordulása
szignifikánsan alacsonyabb volt a PC- és az NC-csoporthoz képest. A FOXP3 a VIC-
és az NC-csoportban szignifikánsan kisebb előfordulást mutatott a PC-csoporthoz
képest. A CD8, CD25 esetében szignifikáns különbséget a vizsgált csoportok
között nem találtunk. Megbeszélés: A COVID–19-fertőzés vagy a
védőoltás hatással van a thymus T-sejtes összetételére. A VIC-csoportban észlelt
CD4-expresszió-csökkenés igazolja a T-sejtek számának a thymusban is bekövetkező
csökkenését. A COVID–19-éra alatt az NC-csoportban a PC-csoporthoz képest
észlelt alacsony FOXP3-szint a tünetmentes COVID–19-fertőzés nagy arányára
utalhat, és az immuntolerancia romlását jelzi. Következtetés:
Az általunk hozzáférhető irodalomban először igazoltuk, hogy a COVID–19-fertőzés
hatására a csecsemőmirigyben csökken a ’helper’ T-sejtek előfordulása, és
tünetmentes betegeknél is csökken az immunvédekezés. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(52):
2062–2066.
Tüdődaganatok nagy pontosságú stereotaxiás kezelésének bevezetése a Markusovszky Kórházban
Authors: Ungvári Tamás , Dankovics Zsófia , Szabó Döme , Kovács Gergely , Padányi Gergő , Kiss Balázs , Csejtei András
Published: December 2022

Bevezetés: A Markusovszky Egyetemi Oktatókórház Onkoradiológiai
Osztályán 2021 szeptemberétől új, modern komputertomográf-szimulátor áll
rendelkezésre. A komputertomográf-szimulátor nemcsak megkönnyíti a szakdolgozók
munkáját az automata kontúrozóeszközzel, hanem képes négydimenziós
komputertomográf-felvételek készítésére is. Ez az opció elengedhetetlen a tüdő-
és emlődaganatos betegek sugárkezeléséhez. Célkitűzés: A jelen
tanulmányban röviden áttekintjük a tüdődaganatok nagy pontosságot igénylő
sugárterápiáját. Összefoglaljuk a betegkiválasztás szempontjait, a tervezési és
kezelési minőségbiztosítási folyamatokat, illetve a betegek kezelése során
szerzett tapasztalatokat. Módszer: Kutatásunkba 5 beteget
választottunk be. Betegségük az alábbi kritériumoknak felelt meg: 1 góc, a tumor
átmérője nem haladta meg az 5 centimétert, a beteg nem volt műthető, vagy nem
fogadta el a műtétet. A tervezési komputertomográf-felvételt Siemens Somatom
go.Sim készülékkel végeztük. Minden légzési fázisban megrajzoltuk a tumor
kontúrját, majd ezeket integrált térfogatként összesítettük, és erre készítettük
el a besugárzási tervet. A kezeléseket Varian TrueBeam gyorsítón végeztük.
Eredmények: A tumor mozgását milliméteres nagyságrendű
pontossággal tudtuk követni. Minden kezelés előtt beállító
komputertomográf-felvétel készült. A nagyobb dózisú (4 × 12 Gy) kezelés az
utolsó beállítófelvételen már tumorméret-csökkenést okozott.
Megbeszélés: A stereotaxiás kezelés, amely már
Szombathelyen is elérhető, jó alternatíva lehet a nem műthető tüdődaganatos
betegek kezelésében. A módszer a betegek számára nem megterhelő: kevesebb
alkalom, rövid kezelési idő. Következtetés: Jól tudtuk
kompenzálni a légzésből adódó eltéréseket. A későbbiekben szeretnénk a gyorsítót
fejleszteni légzéskapuzó rendszerrel, amely még pontosabb kezelést tesz
lehetővé. Orv Hetil. 2022; 163(52): 2079–2087.
Nationality, Locality, and Religiosity: Works and Thoughts of Maria Theresia Geme of the Forum for Religious Harmony of East Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Rohmawati Wiwin Siti Aminah , Cholil Suhadi , Udasmoro Wening
Published: December 2022

This article examines Maria Theresia Geme's thoughts and works on the issue of religious harmony through Forum for Religious Harmony (FKUB) of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). This is a qualitative study which gathers data through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. This research aims to address three primary questions: (1) How the agency of "women's leadership" of Maria T. Geme within FKUB NTT?; (2) What is her perspective on women's involvement in issues of  religious harmony and peace building?; (3) What are Maria  thoughts and works while leading FKUB NTT, and what it's implications for interfaith dialogue and religious harmony? This study concluded that Geme is the first and only woman in the history of Indonesia to lead FKUB at the provincial level. Her leadership strategy is to integrate women's leadership and her agency in the development of FKUB initiatives, in order to emphasizes women's involvement on the issue of religious harmony with mubadalah paradigm (mutuality). For Geme, the Indonesian identity will be strengthened through a balanced relationship between religious values and local wisdom. Therefore, preserving and strengthening local wisdom is one of important things in developing and fostering interfaith dialogue and religious harmony.
“Big Gods” in Ancient Mesopotamia
Authors: Prochownik Karolina
Published: December 2022

According to the Big Gods Theory, religions with beliefs in moralizing supernatural agents were culturally selected because they enhanced in-group cooperation during intergroup competition and conflict (e.g. Norenzayan 2013). According to the supernatural punishment hypothesis (SPH), this was possible because such agents were culturally represented as punitive and wrathful (e.g. Shariff and Norenzayan 2011). These gods activated reputational concerns, fears of punishment, and social compliance among believers. I examine evidence for the SPH from ancient Mesopotamia based on the cultural evolution of beliefs in the god Marduk. I argue that, contrary to the SPH, Marduk and other ancient Mesopotamian gods were often imagined to be both punitive and benevolent. I examine potential psychological and ecological factors involved in the cultural transmission of beliefs in these supernatural protectors alternative to those proposed by the SPH. I raise general questions concerning collecting and interpreting big data as evidence for Big Gods.
Introduction
Authors: Forman Jed
Published: December 2022

.
Cognitive Historiography
Authors: Hayes Glen Alexander
Published: December 2022

The essays in this issue of the Journal of Cognitive Historiography explore a variety of developing methodologies in the field, taking us on a tour through a range of cognitive and cultural contexts in East and South Asia, the Middle East, and modern America. Although there are a number of ways to consider the goals of cognitive historiography, the essays in this issue are all engaged in a scholarly pursuit of historical minds, seeking to uncover the deep and nuanced cognitive processes at play in different historical and cultural contexts. The essays include an exploration of ancient Chinese calendrical models and the experience of time, consideration of yogic perceptions and construals of vision and spatiality, applications of the “world as theatre” metaphor of the Hindu polymath Abhinavagupta, an evaluation of the punitive and benevolent qualities of gods in ancient Mesopotamia, and using neuroscience to study the affective responses of fear and terror in Buddhist meditation.
The Yew Cross from Szczuczyn – a Symbol of Life and Death or an Unusual Memento?
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland, Michalik Jakub
Published: December 2022

Archaeological research in the crypts of the Church of the Holy Name of the Virgin Mary in Szczuczyn has been carried out since 2012. Many years of research have made it possible to identify some of the buried people, including the Piarists who served as the hosts of the church. One of the monks identified was Stanislaw Marszycki, who took the name Simeon of St Joseph after his monastic vows. Identification of the Piarist was possible thanks to the information on the coffin. On the deceased’s vestments rested a wooden crucifix, which can be interpreted as part of the deceased’s individual equipment. The crucifix was subjected to wood species identification using a microscope with transmitted light. This made it possible to determine that it was made from the wood of the common yew tree (Taxus baccata L.). Yew wood is a valuable material and was used to make both large boatbuilding components, furniture, and weapons, and was also readily used in 18th- -century gardens. The yew was also a tree around which there was a great deal of superstition. Because of its toxicity and longevity, it was treated as both a tree of death and life. The cross from the monk’s coffin, according to superstition, might have guarded the deceased against evil, been an individual object with which the deceased was associated, or perhaps was chosen because yew wood was eminently polishable and with a beautiful colouration.
Holy Medals with Secondary Holes as Examples of the Recycling of Historical Devotional Objects
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland, Michalik Jakub , Nalaskowski Filip ,   Faculty of Philosophy and Social Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
Published: December 2022

Holy medals belong to a group of historical artefacts known as devotional objects and they appear in this category beside crosses, scapulars or prayer beads. They are regarded as miniature forms of large medals and are seldom made of noble metals, but rather corrosion resistant alloys. Medals occur the most often in an oval form, with a separated loop for hanging, but there are also circular, rectangular or octagonal forms. The work below is an attempt to study a special form of medals – perforated secondarily – as a historical form of recycling. Such a treatment led them to be regarded as retrieved objects, retaining their original function. Studying the manufacturing features of these objects allows us to distinguish between original and secondary perforations. The latter were made when the original eye was broken or lost. The intentions of persons who decided to recycle devotional objects for material, spiritual or mystic reasons are an important part of this paper. The article is based on studies of artefacts obtained during archaeological excavations at sites in Gniew in Pomerania (Poland) and Dubno in Volhynia (Ukraine).
Solar Angle Model for Daylight Redirection in Prismatic Panel
Authors:   Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran, Zanganeh Mahshid Amani , Ansari Iman Sheikh ,   Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism, Art University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Published: December 2022

An advanced complex fenestration system can utilize uniform daylight. Nonetheless, an inefficient design would increase solar heat gain and indoor temperatures, besides uneven light distribution that would cause the "cave effect." Prismatic panels are widely used as complex fenestration systems, providing uniform daylight. This paper proposes a computational model that integrates optical principles like Snell's law with environmental variables and visualizes the performance of prismatic panels in terms of redirection angle while encountering the prism refractive index and geometry at the specified geographic location. The proposed model entails a prismatic panel as a daylight system for redirecting daylight. In contrast to detailed modeling needed for simulation in software programs like Radiance, this computational tool provides a more straightforward and efficient solution for the initial design of light redirection panels that rely on the principle of refraction and evaluate their annual performance based on the angle of deviation. The model's applicability has been demonstrated by utilizing various triangular prism design examples with diverse materials in Frankfurt and Helsinki.
The Bank Guarantee as an Instrument for Improving the Liquidity of Enterprises under the Conditions of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kowalik Małgorzata
Published: December 2022

Objective: The article analyses the risk accompanying commercial transactions, which is growing and needs to be limited as it worsens financial liquidity in enterprises. The article identifies and determines the causes of this growing risk, and indicates the important role which bank guarantees play as a hedge against this risk. Bank guarantees primarily allow companies to maintain liquidity in a turbulent environment, one fraught with increasing risks characterising commercial transactions between counterparties. Currently, the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic that European and global economies are facing have significantly destabilised the economic situation. These consequences are taken into account in the article.Research Design & Methods: The research methods used to develop the article included a study of the subject literature and analysis of reports and research results on the situation that enterprises in Poland and the rest of Europe are facing.Findings: The results obtained confirm the hypothesis that bank guarantees constitute an important instrument for improving the financial liquidity of enterprises, especially in the conditions prevailing as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.Implications / Recommendations: The conclusions drawn indicated that bank guarantees, as well as other special programmes designed to support the activities of enterprises, can help reduce the risk of conducting business activity, particularly the risk of losing financial liquidity.Contribution: The article adds to the analysis and knowledge base on ways of reducing the risk of losing financial liquidity.
Рsychological health of Chinese and Russian students
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Yitsun Yu , Rogaleva L. N. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Prokhorov P. V. ,   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
Published: December 2022

This article examines some common mental health problems among Chinese and Russian students, analyzes the causes of mental health disorders of students and suggests ways to improve the psychological health of students. Traditional Chinese sports have the idea of harmonizing the psychological and physical condition of people, so these sports can be considered as the most adequate practices for preserving the health and improving the mental health of students.
Psychological aspects of taekwondo development in Russia
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia, Ryabov G. A.
Published: December 2022

The article examines the process of taekwondo development in Russia in the context of its formation separately from religious and philosophical beliefs, within which it existed for a long time. The idea is substantiated that the departure from the eastern religious and philosophical standards of taekwondo, on the one hand, is a natural condition for the development of this sport, and on the other hand, it requires the creation of a system of psychological training of athletes, which should correspond to the trends of taekwondo development.
VISUALIZATION OF DROPWISE CONDENSATION OF WATER VAPOR FROM EXPERIMENTS AND SIMULATION
Authors: Sikarwar Basant Singh
Published: December 2022

Hydrophobic surfaces on which water vapor condensation is encountered in the form of droplets rather than a film is the preferred mode of condensation because of the large heat transfer coefficient and water production rate. The droplet pattern appearing on the surface depends on its orientation and the hydrophobicity characteristics. In the present work, patterns of dropwise condensation of vapor on various engineered surfaces were recorded from experiments and compared with simulations under various conditions of subcooling for pure vapor as well as moist air. Overall, condensation patterns reveal that droplet sliding frequency is higher for surfaces with large contact angles and small contact angle hysteresis. The growth rate of droplets of water vapor present in moist air is smaller than for pure vapor condensation.
Henri Matisse’in Sanatında Kolaj Tekniğinin Yeri ve Önemi
Authors: TÜZÜN Melihat , ÖZTEKİN Furkan
Published: December 2022

ÖZET 1940'lardan itibaren resim sanatına yardımcı bir unsur olarak dahil olan kolaj, modern sanat akımlarının gelişime katkı sağlayan pek çok sanatçının üretiminde yer almıştır. Sanatsal üretimin çeşitlendiği ve keskin sınırların ortadan kalktığı zamanlarda ortaya çıkan bu teknik, kısa sürede kendine özgü bir dil yaratmayı başarmıştır. Fovizm akımının kurucularından olan Matisse’in de 1941 yılından itibaren eserlerinde kullanmaya başladığı kolaj tekniği, Matisse'in sanatçı kimliğine ve Fovizm akımından beri gelişmekte olan üslubuna yeni olanaklar kazandırmıştır. Kolaj tekniğiyle çalışırken kendini daha özgür hissetmesi, sadece iki boyutla sınırlı kalmayıp mekânın tamamını eserlerine dahil etmesi, yaşlılıkta yakalandığı kanser hastalığını yenmesi adına olumlu bir gelişme olmuştur. Yağlı boya, litografi ve heykel gibi ustalaştığı tekniklerinin arasına kolajı da ekleyerek sanat hayatına yeni bir dinamik kazandırmış, eserlerine zenginlik katmıştır. Hayatına ve içinde yaşadığı mekânlara yansıyan kolaj tekniği, Matisse’in görme biçimini desteklemiş ve renk algısına yeni bir yaklaşım getirmiştir. Sanat hayatındaki en bilinen eserlerini kolaj tekniği ile yeniden üreten ve bu eserleri mekânsal yerleştirmeler halinde yorumlayan Matisse, uzun soluklu sanat kariyerine kolaj sayesinde güncel bir yaklaşım kazandırmıştır. “Henri Matisse’in Sanatında Kolaj Tekniğinin Yeri ve Önemi” isimli bu çalışma, Henri Matisse’in sanat hayatının sonlarına doğru yolunun kesiştiği kolaj tekniğini ve bu bağlamda ürettiği son dönem eserlerini incelemeyi hedeflemektedir. Henri Matisse’in vefatından sonra sanat dünyasında büyük bir görünürlük elde eden ve klasikleşen “Yüzme Havuzu”, “Jazz Serisi” ve “Kilise Vitrayları” gibi eserlerini resim ve kolaj arasındaki ilişki üzerinden incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kompozisyon yöntemi, literatür taraması, arşiv ve internet ortamında doküman analizi gibi yöntemlerden yararlanan bu çalışma, Matisse’in kolaj tekniğini araştıran ve bu bağlamda ürettiği eserleri biyografik öğelerle bir araya getiren kaynaklardan biri olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Yine resim sanatına kolaj tekniği üzerinden farklı bakış açıları edinmemizi sağlayan Henri Matisse gibi öncü sanatçıların eserlerinin biyografilerinden bağımsız düşünülemeyeceğini vurgulamaktadır.
Malatya Arkeoloji Müzesi’ndeki Metal Haçların Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: YAŞAR Fatma , YAVUZ Selim
Published: December 2022

Hıristiyanlar için önemli objelerden biri olan ve Bizans Dönemi’nde çeşitli şekillerde kullanılan madeni haçlar arasında röliker, takdis, tören, pandantif ve polykandilion haçlar sayılabilir. Bu makalede Malatya Arkeoloji Müzesi deposunda pandantif ve polykandilion haçı olarak kullanılan 27 eser incelenmiştir. Satın alma ve bağış yoluyla müzeye kazandırılan bu haçların tümü günümüze sağlam bir şekilde ulaşmıştır. Söz konusu eserlerin ölçüleri alınmış ve fotoğraflanmıştır. Ardından bilimsel değerlendirme için ayrıntılı olarak incelenmiş ve benzer örneklerle karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Müze koleksiyonlarında karşımıza en sık çıkan haç grubu pandantif haçlardır. Eserler; Latin ve Yunan haçı biçimindedir. Bronz, gümüş ve bakır malzemeli haçların tümü döküm tekniğinde üretilmiştir. Haçların yüzeyinde geometrik ve figürlü süsmeler kazıma ve kabartma teknikleriyle yapılmıştır. Bazı haçlar ise bezemesiz bırakılmıştır. Eserlerin tümü günümüze sağlam bir şekilde ulaşmıştır. Makalede; Malatya Arkeoloji müzesinin deposunda korunan Erken ve Orta Bizans dönemine tarihlendirilen madeni haçlardan bir grubu incelenerek Malatya ili özelinde bölgede kullanılmış madeni haçların özellikleri ve haç formları bilim dünyasına tanıtılmaya çalışılmıştır. Makalemize konu olan eserlerin daha önce herhangi bir çalışmaya konu olmaması bu eserlerin bilim dünyasına tanıtılması bakımından önem arz etmektedir.
As consequências da pandemia de Sars-CoV-2 sobre a educação médica no combate à hanseníase
Authors: Ziembowicz Henrique , Souza Irene , Peruzzo Jordana Vargas , Subtil Larissa de Camargo , Onófrio Lorenzo Garcia , Vaucher Manoela Badinelli
Published: December 2022

Justificativa e objetivos: A hanseníase é uma doença infectocontagiosa na qual o diagnóstico precoce é fator decisivo para prevenir incapacidade e deficiências. O presente estudo buscou analisar o panorama da hanseníase entre os anos de 2016 e 2021 no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, desvelando a importância da educação médica no contexto das Doenças Tropicais Negligenciadas durante a pandemia da Sars-CoV-2. Métodos: Estudo transversal por meio da base de dados do Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde do Rio Grande do Sul. Na coleta de dados, foram incluídos os dados de hanseníase em indivíduos residentes do estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS), no período de 2016 a 2021. As variáveis analisadas foram os casos confirmados de hanseníase, os casos notificados, o número de casos quanto às classificações operacionais de hanseníase, o esquema terapêutico e o número de casos de acordo com os graus de incapacidade física. Resultados: No período analisado, foram confirmados 725 casos de hanseníase, sendo 70% nos anos de 2016, 2017 e 2018. Do número total de casos, 88% eram a forma multibacilar da doença, 50% apresentaram algum grau de incapacidade física no momento do diagnóstico e 80% realizaram o esquema terapêutico padrão. Conclusão: Existe atraso no diagnóstico de hanseníase e há subdiagnóstico da doença no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, o que evidencia a necessidade de reafirmação das práticas educacionais sobre a micobacteriose.
Perfil de sensibilidade de isolados de hemocultura em um laboratório de análises clínicas, Fortaleza, CE
Authors: Alves Filho André Luis , Medeiros Alexander Amaral , Calixto Marques Francisco Wallyson , Costa Cecilia Leite
Published: December 2022

Justificativa e objetivos: bacteremia é definida a partir da presença de bactérias na corrente sanguínea. Sua importância clínica está associada à alta taxa de morbidade e mortalidade no mundo. Nos casos graves, pode culminar em sepse, com constante aumento dos casos no Brasil. Portanto, o presente estudo tem como objetivo avaliar os principais isolados bacterianos em hemoculturas e uma possível alteração nos seus perfis de sensibilidade em um laboratório de análises clínicas de Fortaleza, Ceará. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa de hemoculturas positivas, buscando avaliar os principais microrganismos isolados e seus perfis de sensibilidades. Os dados utilizados foram obtidos a partir do sistema laboratorial através do software EpiCenter®, referente ao período de janeiro de 2019 a dezembro de 2020. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo software Graphpad 7.0. Resultados: foram identificados 840 microrganismos a partir das hemoculturas, sendo os principais E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, S. aureus e S. haemolyticus. Alguns isolados apresentam uma alteração no perfil de sensibilidade, como K. pneumoniae e P. aeruginosa, apresentando um aumento na sensibilidade frente aos carbapenêmicos e as cefalosporinas, enquanto o S. epidermidis apresentou uma diminuição na sensibilidade frente à minociclina na comparação entre os anos de 2019 e 2020. Conclusão: os isolados clínicos de hemocultura apresentaram uma alteração no perfil de sensibilidade entre 2019 e 2020, levando em consideração que, para K. pneumoniae e P. aeruginosa, essa alteração resultou no aumento na sensibilidade, com aumento na resistência nos isolados de S. epidermidis.
SMART CITY RESEARCH TREE
Authors:   Institute of Economics, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Semyachkov Konstantin Aleksandrovich
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to systematize publications about smart cities indexed in the most authoritative international publication databases. Scopus and Web of Science entries were used as the information base for the study. The systematized publications were selected by “smart city” in their subjects and keywords. Also, the selection of studies targeted scientific papers only (except for conference proceedings and other publications), which helped evaluate and systematize more comprehensive and substantial Web of Science and Scopus works on smart cities. The paper considers a set of related aspects that have determined the development of smart city research, among which are the accelerating digitalization rates in all socio-economic aspects in modern society, the urbanization of territories, the increasing burden on the environment, and more intensive exploitation of various resources. This systematization of publications by the specified parameters outlined the main areas of research, which develop the concept of smart cities. To visualize the research trends and directions in the field of urban environment digitalization and the implementation of smart city ideas, a research tree was built that reflects the author’s idea of the development of research on smart cities. The paper notes that the main areas where the research on smart cities is globally developing seem to be related to such aspects as smart city infrastructure, smart city management, social and innovative development of smart cities. These aspects are highlighted as the main ones in designing the research tree in this paper. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the systematization of research on smart cities and the identification of the main development trends in this field of knowledge.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SELF-EMPLOYED SECTOR: CONDITIONS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Terebova Svetlana Viktorovna , Ustinova Ksenia Aleksandrovna ,   Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kryukov Ivan Alekseevich ,   Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2022

These days, the sector of small and medium-sized entrepreneurship targets a number of key concerns of territories’ economic development. This is due to both external challenges associated with tougher economic sanctions and national issues, in particular the need to reduce the share of the shadow sector in the Russian economy at the federal and regional levels. Worse external environment, deeper national concerns can have a negative impact on entrepreneurship, be accompanied with less activities, the liquidation of organizations. One of the ways to solve these problems is to develop the self-employed sector, where the simplified registration procedure, low tax rates create opportunities for the development and implementation of entrepreneurial intentions and abilities. The study aims to analyze the current state of the institute of self-employment in the regions of Russia, the functioning of the self-employed and the regulatory areas of their activities. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of theoretical and methodological approaches to the categories of “entrepreneurship” and “self-employment”, identified both common characteristics and specific features of the categories under consideration. The quantitative and qualitative analysis of self-employment as a new form of official labor activity was carried out. A conclusion is made about the dynamic development of the self-employment sector and the high potential for its growth. Sociological surveys helped analyze the conditions affecting the conduct of entrepreneurial activity; the factors that have a negative impact on the business environment in Russia are highlighted. The practical significance of the study lies in assessing measures of state support from both entrepreneurs and the self-employed in developing the way for better situation of the self-employment sector in Russia.
REDEVELOPMENT AND RECONCEPTION OF SURPLUS RETAIL PROPERTY
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Karavaeva Natalia Mikhailovna , Goncharova Natalia Vadimovna ,   Ural Federal University, Daineko Liudmila Vladimirovna ,   Ural Federal University, Yurasova Inna Igorevna ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2022

The retail real estate market is oversaturated. This forces the owners and investors to reconsider the design of the existing facilities to meet the needs of new visitors. The purpose of the research is to re-evaluate the commercial real estate market in Yekaterinburg to solve the problem of excessive outdated shopping areas and to adjust them to the needs of Y and Z consumers. This can reveal the promising areas for redevelopment and reconception of outdated commercial real estate in shopping, sports, cultural, and entertainment centers. The most significant results characterizing the scientific novelty of the study are as follows: the commercial real estate market in Russia was analyzed for the period 2019–2022, retail trade in Sverdlovsk region was examined for the period 2017–2021, the largest shopping and entertainment malls in Yekaterinburg were assessed by their opening date, total and retail area, category, availability of parking space, food court, cinema, gaming zones, etc.; the key drawbacks of outdated shopping malls were systematized from the perspective of new generation consumers; the authors analyzed the facilities available in Yekaterinburg for organizing leisure events in the areas such as concerts and touring, educational and leisure activities, sports events to justify the need for SECs; the concept of redeveloping an irrelevant site into a leisure, entertainment and cultural recreational center was proposed, with the center satisfying the needs of Y and Z generations; the trend for the development of cultural and entertainment facilities was identified; the redevelopment project was financially and economically reasoned; and its efficiency was proven. Further research is associated with a more detailed analysis of outdated shopping mall redevelopment into the entertainment sites which are popular among Y and Z generations. This can fill the gaps in the existing methods of its evaluation.