bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Adolescent Pregnancy in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Subedi Shanti Sunuwar , Sharma Sajjan , Yadav Munjal
Published: November 2019

Introduction: WHO defines adolescent pregnancy as any pregnancy from a girl who is 10-19 years of age, the age being defined as her age at the time the baby is born. Globally, adolescent birth rate is 44 per 1000 women aged 15-19 years whereas 33 per 1000 in South East Asian region. The main objective of the study is to find the prevalence of adolescent pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar over a period of six months from 1st January 2018 to 30th June 2018. Using the convenient sampling technique, 2688 samples were studied and the descriptive statistical analysis was done.

Results: The prevalence of teenage pregnancy was found to be among 143 (5.3%) [5.3%±0.85% at 95% Confidence Interval]. Maximum adolescents of 95 (66.4%) presented at gestational age between 37 to 40 weeks. Regarding contraception, only 2 (1.4%) of teenage mothers had used Injectable Depo Provera.

Conclusions: Adolescent pregnancy in developed countries is usually outside of marriage and carries a social stigma but in the context of developing countries it usually happens within marriage and half of them are planned reflecting educational status and contraception knowledge. Effective interventions need to be developed like strict enforcement of laws prohibiting teenage marriage.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Dengan Simple Additive Weighting Dalam Pemilihan Calon Penerima Bantuan Rumah Tidak Layak Huni
Authors: Sudin Saepudin  , Dudih Gustian  , Heri Firmansyah
Published: November 2019

Bantuan rumah tidak layak huni adalah salah satu program pemerintah untuk menekan angka kemiskinan di Indonesia, namun permasalahan yang ada bahwa proses yang selama ini dilakukan oleh pihak Kelurahan masih dilakukan secara subyektif dengan hanya mempertimbangkan hasil survey. Oleh karena itu, bagi pihak kelurahan diperlukan suatu sistem pendukung keputusan agar seleksi dapat dilakukan secara efisien secara sistemik.  Adanya metode Multiple Attribute Decission Making, menjawab semua permasalahan tersebut. Dari beberapa metode Multiple Attribute Decission Making, Simple Addictive Weighting dipilih untuk diterapkan kedalam sistem pendukung keputusan. Sistem pendukung keputusan dibuat menggunakan metode air terjun. Tujuan penelitian ini agar pihak kelurahan dapat menyalurkan bantuannya kepada yang berhak menerimanya, sehingga dengan adanya sistem pendukung keputusan berbasis web untuk memilih penerima bantuan perumahan sesuai dan objektif.  Penelitian ini memberikan hasil yang cukup akurat dimana proses penyaluran yang tepat sasaran dengan data yang diperoleh dari pihak kelurahan. Sistem yang dibuat cukup memnatu pihak kelurahan dengan nilai sekitar 73.6% yang diuji oleh 10 orang responden.

 

Kata Kunci: Rumah Tidak Layak Huni, Multiple Attribute Decission Making, Simple Addictive Weighting, Sistem Pendukung Keputusan.

 

 

Abstract

The help of the home is not habitable is one of the government programs to suppress the poverty rate in Indonesia, but the problem exists that the process that was done by the village is still in subjectively Consider the survey results. Therefore, the town needs a decision support system so that the selection can be made by systemic efficiency. There is a method of Multiple Attribute Decision Making, answering all the problems. Of the multiple Attribute Decision-Making methods, Simple Addictive Weighting is chosen to be applied to the decision support system. The decision support system was made using a waterfall method. The purpose of this research is so that the village can distribute its help to the right to receive it, so it is expected by the Web-based decision support system to select the recipient of appropriate and objective housing assistance. This research provides entirely accurate results were the right distribution process targets with data obtained from the village. The system was made enough to inform the town with a value of about 73.6% tested by ten respondents.

 

Keywords: Unqualified Houses, Multiple Attribute Decision Making, MADM, Simple Additive Weighting, Decision Support Systems.
Implementasi Shambatan Application Guna Mengoptimalkan Program Bantuan Dana Untuk Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Kecamatan Lumbir
Authors: Awiet Muhamad Awiet Wiedanto Prasetyo , Muhamad Rezha Riaqia Putra
Published: November 2019

Abstrak

Badan Kerjasama Antar Desa (BKAD) Satria Mandiri Kecamatan Lumbir sebagai salah satu lembaga yang bergerak dalam Bidang Jasa yang menyalurkan bantuan dana kepada usaha-usaha kecil yang membutuhkan dana pinjaman dalam upaya mendukung pemerintah dalam meningkatkan Bidang Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM). Permasalahan seperti ketua anggota kelompok harus datang dengan membawa persyaratan administrasi pengajuan proposal pinjaman bantuan, solusi yang ditawarkan oleh pihak instansi dengan cara survey langsung untuk mengecek dan membawa persyaratan administrasi. Dengan solusi yang ditawarkan terdapat permasalahan berkas fotocopy Kartu Tanda Penduduk (KTP), atau pengajuan surat perjanjian kontrak rusak terkena air hujan, mengingat saat ini masuk dimusim penghujan. Permasalahan selanjutnya adalah banyaknya data yang tersimpan tidak pada satu file (Microsoft Excel), Cara tersebut juga akan menyulitkan pihak instansi untuk melaporkan data keuangan yang tersimpan pada periode tahun yang berbeda untuk diserahkan Dinas Sosial Kabupaten Banyumas. Solusi yang ditawarkan oleh pihak peneliti dengan Metode Viewpoint Oriented Requirement Definition (VORD) akan menghasilkan aplikasi untuk optimalisasi program bantuan dana guna pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa
The prototype of the Greenhouse Smart Control and Monitoring System in Hydroponic Plants
Authors: Arif Supriyanto  , Fathurrahmani Fathurrahmani
Published: November 2019

This research helps the farmers to do the humidification control and monitor the condition of hydroponic plants in greenhouses in real-time. When it comes to watching the hydroponic plants in greenhouses, the farmers usually experience difficulties because they still do it manually. Activities such as checking the temperature, air humidity, and also water quality in hydroponic plants by coming directly to the greenhouse are still ineffective. Therefore this research aims to make a smart greenhouse prototype for hydroponic plants. Smart greenhouse hardware was built based on the Arduino microcontroller, DHT11 sensor, pH sensor, TDS, DS18b20 temperature, ultrasonic, and esp8266 wifi module. The monitoring system features information on water quality from hydroponic plants and the ability to record farming activities from planting preparation to web-based harvesting. The test results of smart greenhouse monitoring system can display the hydroponic plant conditions and able to do the humidification control with an upper limit of 35 degrees celsius because plant can survive with disease under 35 degrees celsius, with small average offset for the sensor, and an average offset of 1.49 from TDS sensors, with temperature of 0.50 and pH of 0.34. 

Keywords: Greenhouse, NFT hydroponics, Humidification, Monitoring System, Arduino
Results of the expedition to the North Pole on the icebreaker “50 let pobedy”
Authors: Matishov G. G. , Kleshchenkov A. V. , Kirillova E. E.
Published: November 2019

The article presents the results of the expeditionary investigations carried out from the 50 Let Pobedy nuclear icebreaker to research the present physiographic conditions of the Barents Sea and the Arctic Ocean and estimations of the main features that may reflect the global climatic variability of the seas and oceans of the Arctic. The observations of the ice lanes, hummocks, puddles, icebergs, the thickness and closeness of ice allowed us to make a real picture of the ice cover in the second half of August 2017. The zonal distribution of drifting ice, air temperature, temperature and salinity of seawater is shown. The results of observations and conclusions presented in the article reflect the simultaneous situation of the most western part of the Central Arctic adjacent to the Norwegian-Greenland basin. The analysis of new data of the structure and distribution of sea ice and icebergs gives a reason to present a number of general conclusions about the variability of ice thickness and closeness, relative age, the ratio of the area covered with ice and pure water. Recommendations about the development of new satellite systems for a reliable assessment of the seasonal and inter-annual dynamics of the area and thickness of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean are presented.
Ladoga transgression and landscapes of the Holocene second half in the Southern Ladoga area (according to the study of the archaeological site Podolje-1)
Authors: Sapelko T. V. , Gusentsova T. M. , Kulkova M. A. , Ludikova A. V. , Denisenkov V. P. , Korneenkova N. Yu.
Published: November 2019

In Southern Ladoga area, we studied the new archaeological site Podolje 1, located 4 km from Lake Ladoga. Studies included archaeological, lithological, geochemical, pollen, botanical, diatom and radiocarbon analyzes. As a result, new data were obtained that specified the development of the Ladoga transgression in the second half of the Holocene in the Southern Ladoga area. The dependence of the formation of cultural layers on changes in the hydrodynamic conditions of its existence is established. The lower cultural layer was formed before the beginning of the Ladoga transgression. The upper cultural layer was formed after the transgressive stage. At absolute elevations from 10 to 12 m above Sea level in the Southern Ladoga area from 6480 to 4446 cal. BP peatlands were formed. In this case, 64805944 cal. BP there was a period of some humid climate. 45344446 cal. BP, the beginning of the Ladoga transgression is recorded on the territory of the site. The completion of the Ladoga transgression was marked at the beginning of the Subatlantic period.
ARABIC SPEECH RECOGNITION BASED ON KNN, J48, AND LVQ
Authors: Alwahed Nassren A. , Jawad Talib M.
Published: November 2019

Abstract Most systems of speaker recognition work on speech feature primarily classified of being a low level which considerably relies on speaker physical characteristics and, to the lower extent, the acquired speaking habits. In this paper present a system to recognition and identification in Arabic speaker. It includes two phases (training phase and testing phase) each phase includes the using of audio features (Mean, Standard Division, Zero Crossing, Amplitude). after get the feature, the recognition step is using (J48, KNN, LVQ),) where the Nearest Neighbor (KNN) applied o get the similarity of the data training and data testing , LVQ neural network used for Speech Recognition and Arabic language Identification. This sentence contains words especially kidnappings and kidnappers are ten sentences and pronounce these sentences by 10 people, five men and five women of different ages and each of the ten pronunciation of all sentences, so a total of 100 samples and the samples were recorded on audio and wave. The results of the sentences pronounced by women are higher than the results of the same sentences pronounced by men. They achieved better recognition rate 85, 93, 96.4%
NEW COMPUTER GENERATED-SCMA CODEBOOK WITH MAXIMIZED EUCLIDIAN DISTANCE FOR 5G
Authors: Tabra Yasmine M. , Sabbar Bayan M.
Published: November 2019

Sparse code multiple access (SCMA) is one of the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) that attracts many researchers for its promising future uses in 5G systems. In this paper, a Computer Generated-Sparse Code Multiple Access (CG-SCMA) is proposed. CG-SCMA generates a complex SCMA codebook that maximizes the Minimum Euclidian Distance (MinED) of 16-point star-QAM. This codebook is generated using computer program to specify the most appropriate values for this constellation. Then Trellis Coded Modulation (TCM) is used to divide the constellation into four sub constellations to maximize MinED.  The new codebook reaches MinED for four sub constellations {3.46, 2.16, 2.16, 3.46} and achieves increment over SCMA codebook based 16-point star-QAM by 10.1%. The multiplexer and de-multiplexer for proposed codebook and traditional SCAM codebook is implemented using netFPGA-1G-CML Kintex-7. it can speed up the process by 597.6 times over MATLAB simulator and decreasing BER compared to open literature codebooks.
DESIGNING RULES TO IMPLEMENT RECONNAISSANCE AND UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS ATTACKS FOR INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM
Authors: Mohammed Subhi A.
Published: November 2019

Abstract- Network attacks are classified according to their objective into three types: Denial of Services (DOS), reconnaissance and unauthorized access. A base signature Intrusion Detection System (IDS) which gives an alarm when the monitor network traffic meets a previously specified set of criteria of attack traffic. This paper will focus on design, compose, and process IDS rules, and then to decide whether that packet is intrusive or not, by examining the signatures of the attacks in both incoming packets headers and payload to networks. Packet sniffer is performs capturing, decoding and reassembling of the network packet traffic, then passes it to the programmed rules. Linux backtrack tools was used to implement an IDS scenario for two types of attacks (Reconnaissance and Unauthorized access). The results show that IDS rules are able to detect large numbers of various attacks.
PENGABAIAN SOCIAL ECONOMIC COST DALAM PEMBENTUKAN UNDANG-UNDANG
Authors: Setiawati Rini
Published: November 2019

Pengabaian penghitungan social economic cost dalam pembentukan undang-undang menjadi salah satu belum dapat terealisasikannya undang-undang yang sudah disahkan secara efektif dan efisien. Melalui metode deep interview dan library research dikaji permasalahan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pengabaian penghitungan social economic cost dalam pembentukan undang-undang. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2011 tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan belum secara tegas mengatur keharusan menghitung social economic cost dalam pembentukan undang-undang. Selain itu, pengabaian penghitungan social economic cost dalam pembentukan undang-undang dipengaruhi oleh pengutamaan kualitas daripada kuantitas, belum mengutamakan efisiensi dan dominansi kepentingan.
TUNJUK AJAR DALAM TAAT HUKUM ORANG MELAYU SEBAGAI CIRI KHAS KEARIFAN LOKAL (LOCAL WISDOM) SEBAGAI STRATEGIS PENCEGAHAN KORUPSI BAGI MAHASISWA DI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Purba Nelvitia , Mulyono Hardi , Risnawaty Risnawaty , Darwis Umar
Published: November 2019

Kejahatan Korupsi di Indonesia merupakan permasalahan yang besar yang merupakan kejahatan extra ordinary crime (kejahatan yang luar biasa) hingga saat ini belum dapat diselesaikan dengan tuntas. Salah satu konsep untuk mengurangi kejahatan korupsi ini melalui pencegahan kepada generasi muda. Konsep pencegahan ini membutuhkan waktu lama terutama yang berkaitan dengan Pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kearifan lokal sebagai Tunjuk Ajar masyarakat Melayu yang dapat dijadikan  Sumber Hukum dalam taat hukum untuk pencegahan korupsi bagi mahasiswa di Sumatera Utara Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Penelitian (R&D) untuk menghasilkan rancangan produk desain model pembelajaran Pendidikan Anti Korupsi berbasis Tunjuk Ajar untuk taat hukum, produk ini di validasi secara internal (pendapat ahli dan praktisi). Analisis datanya dilakukan dengan cara kualitatif yaitu dengan tidak menggunakan angka-angka dan rumus-rumus statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kearifan lokal Orang Melayu Taat Hukum terlihat dalam tunjuk ajar yang terdapat dikalangan orang Melayu yang berbentuk petuah-petuah, amanah-amanah syair dan pantun. Tunjuk Ajar taat hukum yang terdapat dalam Kearifan Lokal tercermin dalam aktivitas sehari-hari dapat tercermin diantaranya; Harus Malu Mengambil Yang Bukan Haknya, Harus Malu Mengambil Yang Bukan Miliknya.
FUNGSI DINAS LINGKUNGAN HIDUP SURAKARTA DALAM PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN SUNGAI (STUDI PADA DINAS LINGKUNGAN HIDUP KOTA SURAKARTA)
Authors: Rumaisa Dewi , Christy Evie , Hermanto Hermanto
Published: November 2019

Air merupakan kebutuhan utama bagi proses kehidupan. Tidak akan ada kehidupan jika tidak ada air. Air yang bersih sangat didambakan oleh manusia, baik untuk keperluan sehari-hari, untuk keperluan industri, pertanian dan lain sebagainya. Saat ini air menjadi masalah yang perlu mendapatkan perhatian khusus. Hampir semua sungai yang ada di Indonesia tercemar kualitasnya akibat aktivitas industri, kuantitas dan kualitas limbah yang dibuang kesungai seringkali tidak terkontrol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fungsi, hambatan serta strategi Dinas Lingkungan Hidup khususnya Kota Surakarta. Rumusan masalah yang diangkat (1) Bagaimana fungsi Dinas Lingkungan Hidup dalam pengendalian pencemaran sungai di Surakarta? (2) Apa hambatan dalam pelaksanaan fungsi Dinas Lingungan Hidup dalam pengendalian pencemaran sungai di Surakarta dan bagaimana strategi pengendaliannya?. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan penulis dalam penulisan ini adalah jenis penelitian hukum empiris. Fungsi Dinas Lingkungan Hidup sebagai media penyuluhan, pengawasan dan penertiban. Hambatan atas fungsi tersebut juga bermacam-macam maka Dinas Lingkungan Hidup harus mendasari strategi dengan upaya perencanaan, pembinaan dan pengawasan.
PEMBUATAN BIOBRIKET DARI LIMBAH TONGKOL JAGUNG PEDAGANG JAGUNG REBUS DAN RUMAH TANGGA SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ENERGI TERBARUKAN DENGAN PROSES KARBONISASI
Authors: Rifdah Rifdah , Herawati Netty , Dubron Faisal
Published: November 2019

Biomassa merupakan sumber energi potensial yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai sumber energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar dari fosil. Biomassa dapat diubah menjadi briket arang yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energi seperti untuk proses pengeringan dalam pengolahan karet remah dan sit asap. Briket arang biomassa atau biobriket dibuat dari arang biomassa baik berupa bagian yang memang sengaja dijadikan bahan baku briket maupun sisa atau limbah proses produksi/pengolahan agroindustri. Misalnya kayu, tempurung kelapa, arang tempurung kelapa sawit, limbah bambu, tongkol jagung, sekam padi, dan limbah batang tembakau dapat menjadi bahan baku untuk biobriket. Selain itu, limbah dari industri karet remah berupa tatal juga dapat dijadikan biobriket. Teknologi pembuatan biobriket banyak tersedia. Pembuatan biobriket memerlukan bahan penunjang seperti tanah liat, lem kanji, air, dan bahan pencampur lainnya. Komposisi bahan tersebut sangat tergantung dari jenis bahan baku untuk pembuatan biobriket. Sebelum dibuat biobriket, biomassa harus diubah terlebih dahulu menjadi arang, kemudian arang tersebut dihaluskan, dicampur dan dicetak dalam berbagai bentuk briket seperti silinder, kubus dan telur. Dari beberapa hasil penelitian, secara umum nilai kalor yang dihasilkan dari biobriket ternyata tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan dengan briket batubara. Oleh karena itu, biobriket dapat digunakan sebagai bahan bakar proses pengeringan karet alam.
PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI PATI UBI DENGAN PROSES HIDROLISIS ASAM
Authors: Kalsum Ummi , Juniar Heni
Published: November 2019

Bahan bakar bioetanol (C2H5OH)adalah biofuel yang mengandung etanol dengan jenis yang sama dengan yang ditemukan pada minuman beralkohol. Pembuatan bioetanol disini adalah dengan metode hidrolisa HCl 15% dengan bahan baku pati ubi kayu. Pati tersebut akan diambil kandungan karbohidrat dan dikonversi menjadi glukosa (gula) larut dalam air. Ada tiga proses penelitian pembuatan bioetanol ini yaitu proses penghilangan lignin, proses hidrolisa yang akan membentuk alkohol dan proses pemurnian. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membandingkan nilai indeks bias dan berat jenis bioetanol yang didapat dengan nilai indeks bias dan berat jenis bioetanol sesuai dengan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada kenaikan nilai indeks bias dan berat jenis bioetanol yang didapat antara kurun waktu 25 sampai dengan 120 menit dengan variabel volume HCl 15% yang digunakan yaitu 25 sampai dengan 45 ml. Dan nilai maksimum indeks bias yang didapat adalah 1,3561 dengan waktu hidrolisa selama 50 menit dan volume HCl yang digunakan sebanyak 45 ml. Sedangkan  nilai maksimum berat jeni bioetanol yang didapat adalah 1,1011 dengan waktu hidrolisa selama 25 menit dan volume HCl sebanyak 25 ml.
EKSISTENSI DAN KEBIJAKAN REGULASI PERIZINAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN MIKRO OLEH OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN
Authors: DISEMADI HARI SUTRA , WAHYUNI RADEN ANI EKO
Published: November 2019

Hadirnya Lembaga Keuangan Mikro (LKM) sebagai bagian dari lembaga keuangan non bank adalah upaya pemerintah mengentaskan kemiskinan dan diharapkan mampu memberdayakan masyarakat berpenghasilan ke bawah dan usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah (UMKM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui eksistensi LKM di Indonesia serta regulasi perizinannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode yuridis normatif yang mana menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Penelitian ini menunjukan keberadaan LKM di Indonesia banyak ditemukan dalam bentuk badan hukum Koperasi maupun Perseroan Terbatas. Keberadaan LKM tidak lepas dari kemudahkan proses perizinan LKM. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) yang memiliki fungsi pengaturan telah menerbitkan Peraturan OJK Nomor 61/POJK.05/2015 Tentang Perubahan atas Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keungan Nomor 12/POJK.05/2014 Tentang Perizinan Usaha Dan Kelembagaan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro.
ANALISIS YURIDIS TENTANG PRINSIP TANGGUNG JAWAB MENURUT UNDANG – UNDANG NOMOR 22 TAHUN 2009 TENTANG LALULINTAS DAN ANGKUTAN JALAN
Authors: LABATJO RIDWAN
Published: November 2019

Undang – Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalu Lintas Dan Angkutan Jalan  yang merupakan peraturan perundangan – undang tertulis / hukum positif yang berlaku sebagai pedoman dalam penyelenggaraan pengangkutan dengan kendaraan bermotor yang  merupakan subsistem tata hukum nasional, dimana peraturan ini tidak secara tegas menyebutkan  prinsip tanggung jawab  ( fault of liability ) yang dianut di dalam Undang – Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu penelitian kepustakaan (Library Research) adalah metode penelitian kepustakaan  untuk memperoleh data-data melalui studi kepustakan, data yang diperoleh berdasarkan sumber hukum primer yaitu perundang – undangan dan sumber hukum sekunder yaitu konsep – konsep, teori – teori dan informasi – informasi lain yang bersifat umum, buku  buku, indeks, ensiklopedia dan sebagainya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka diperoleh data bahwa prinsip tanggung jawab yang dianut oleh Undang – Undang Nomor 2009 adalah prinsip tanggung jawab karena kesalahan  ( fault of liability) yaitu setiap pengangkut yang melakukan kesalahan dalam penyelenggaraan pengangkutan harus bertanggung jawab membayar segala kerugian yang timbul akibat kesalahannya itu. Hal ini sesuai dengan maksud Pasal 188, Pasal 191 dan Pasal 192 Undang – Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 Tentang Lalu Lintas Dan Angkutan Jalan.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENERAPAN PASAL 55 AYAT 1 KE 1 PADA TINDAK PIDANA PENGANIAYAAN TERHADAP ANAK (Studi Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Luwuk No: 285/Pid.B/2013/PN Lwk)
Authors: RAYS H.M. IKHWAN
Published: November 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan Pasal 55 Ayat 1 ke 1 pada tindak pidana penganiayaan anak pada  Putusan Nomor: 285/Pid.B/2013/PN Luwuk. Jenis dan pendekatan penelitian ini yaitu yuridis normative atau penelitian hukum doctrinal, dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer (hukum yang mempunyai kekuatan mengikat), bahan hukum sekunder (bahan yang merupakan pelengkap), dan bahan hukum tersier (berupa bahan informasi hukum) yang kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif dalam arti perumusan pembenaran melalui kualitas norma hukum itu sendiri, pendapat-pendapat ahli/doktrin dan pendukung informasi hukum. Penerapan Psl 55 ayat 1 ke 1 pada Tindak Pidana Penganiayaan terhadap anak berdasarkan Putusan PN Luwuk Nomor: 285/Pid.B/2013/PN.Lwk sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan yang tercantum dalam Pasal 80 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor: 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak Jo. Pasal 55 ayat (1) ke-1 KUHP.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PROSEDUR PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA PEMERINTAH SERTA PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA
Authors: BETHAM ASHARI ABD.ASIS , HIPAN NASRUN , FALITY FIRMANSYAH
Published: November 2019

Artikel ini untuk mengetahui prosedur pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah serta bentuk perlindungan hukum terhadap pelaku pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif. Penelitian normatif adalah penelitian yang dilakukan dengan melalui studi pustaka atau library research. Pengadaan Barang/Jasa Pemerintah meliputi pengadaan barang, pekerjaan konstruksi, jasa konsultansi, dan jasa lainnya. Pelaksanaan pengadaan barang/jasa dapat dilakukan melalui swakelola atau penyedia. Adapun tahapan pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah dilakukan melalui tahapan perencanaan pengadaan, persiapan pengadaan barang/jasa, pelaksanaan pengadaan barang/jasa. Berkaitan dengan perlindungan hukum terhadap pelaku pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah adalah upaya melindungi kepentingan pemerintah atau pemerintah daerah untuk mendapatkan barang/jasa yang diinginkan agar bermanfaat bagi masyarakat. Disisi lain aparat penegak hukum melindungi kepentingan negara agar supaya para pelaku pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah bekerja sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undang sehingga pengadaan barang/jasa pemerintah dapat bermanfaat bagi pemerintah dan masyarakat.
TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY MOISTURE MONITORING SYSTEM WITH ARDUINO R3 AND DHT 11
Authors: Rumalutur Sonny , Mappa Alimuddin
Published: November 2019

This study discusses how to design an AC (Air Conditioner) system that can work based on the temperature and humidity of the room that is regulated by a system that uses Arduino UNO as a controller. Meanwhile, to measure the temperature and humidity of the room temperature by using a DHT sensor 11. PWM (Pluse Widht Modulation) signal from the microcontroller is used to set the relay driver so that the AC (air conditioner) can be on in accordance with the programmed with Arduino uno.

AC (air conditioner) will be on as long as the temperature is still above 220C and will be off if the temperature has passed 220C and the duration of AC (air conditioner) on and off is determined by the temperature and humidity in the room.
The Effect of Intravenous Vitamin C on Urine Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Among Septic Patients
Authors: Nastiti Peni Yulia , Sugiharto Adhrie , Madjid Amir S
Published: November 2019

Background

The role of vitamin C to decrease organ dysfunction in sepsis was still controversial. This study aimed to explore the effect of intravenous (IV) vitamin C on urine NGAL (uNGAL) levels among septic patients in ICU.

Methods

This study was a randomized clinical trial held in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from April to July 2019 with consecutive sampling method. Patients aged > 18 years with sepsis based on the criteria of sepsis-3 who were admitted to the ICU were included in this study. Exclusion criteria were those with chronic kidney problems, with kidney stones, undergo renal replacement therapy in the ICU. All subjects were divided into: Group A was treated  with combination of vitamin C and thiamine while Group B was given thiamine only. The uNGAL level was measured at baseline, 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment. Anova for repeated measurement using General Linear Model for Repeated Measurement was used with level of significant at p-value <0.05.

Results

Total of 33 subjects were included. In Group A we found uNGAL (ng/ mL) were 74.5 (13.3-102.9), 77.3 (15.2-98.4), 67.2 (22.6-100.6), 77.2 (17.0-100.5) for baseline, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h respectively. While in Group B uNGAL were 57.7 (11.5-94.5), 57.1 (6.4-97.7), 53.7 (13.3-99.6), 47.6 (4.5-100.9). No significant difference in terms of uNGAL between two groups at each hour was found.

Conclusions

This study showed that intravenous vitamin C administration had no effect on uNGAL among septic patients. Need more study to investigate approaches to improve kidney and inflammatory biomarker among septic patients.
Identification of Plasmodium Falciparum Merozoit Surface Protein-1 (PFMSP-1) Gene From Malaria Patients in Hanura Area, Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: Triajayanti Ade , Suwandi Jhons Fatriyadi , Kurniawan Betta , Utami Nurul
Published: November 2019

Introduction:  Malaria is a major health problem not only in Indonesia, but also the world.  Incidence of anti malarial drug resistance has been found, and one of the possible cause is genetic factors.  The changes that occur in the Plasmodium falciparum gene cause genetic variations that lead to resistance for treatment.  There is a gene with high polymorphism that can be used as a gene marker of genetic variation in Plasmodium falciparum.

Aim of Study: This study aim to identification of plasmodium falciparum merozoit surface protein-1 (PFMSP-1) gene from malaria patients in Puskesmas Hanura, Pesawaran, Lampung.

Methods: Descriptive method with morbidity survey approach is used in this study. There are total 23 biological material stored that had been taken in 2016 from malaria patient in Puskesmas Hanura, Pesawaran, Lampung, by consecutive sampling. Identification of genetic variance of the Plasmodium falciparum gene was performed by nested PCR at Medical Faculty Biomolecular Laboratory of Lampung University. The results of this study were processed using a computer software.

Results:  There are 23 samples that amplified following nested PCR for Plasmodium falciparum Merozoit Surface Protein-1 (PFMSP-1) gene target. In all samples studied, there are PFMSP-1 gene with six variations base pair length range from 200 to 2000 bp.

Conclusions: this study has successfully amplified PFMSP-1 gene from individualâ€™s blood sample infected by Malaria in Puskesmas Hanura work region, Pesawaran, Lampung.
STUDY OF UNSTABLE PELVIC FRACTURES FROM CHILDREN IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Acharya Dr. Shiva
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: Globally, in the young age group of people mortality and morbidity is due to the high-energy trauma.  The losing of young age group of population will get impact in the social economic losses of family as well as the nation. Fractures are generally caused by high-energy trauma, high-impact accidents and are often associated with injuries to other organic lesions like abdominal viscera, genitourinary system, neurovascular, musculoskeletal structures and central nervous system. There was relatively low rate of occurrence of facture of pelvic injuries that associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. According to the studied of the post-mortem examined only in children 66 deaths caused by trauma that showing pelvic fracture and severe bleeding to be the cause of death in 42% of the cases. In the case of adult in cases of unstable pelvic fractures retroperitoneal bleeding is the worst complication. AIM: The main objective of this study is to study of Unstable Pelvic Fractures from children in tertiary care hospital MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this study total 10 patients were included who had suffered unstable fractures of the pelvic ring with the age from  1 to 15 years old.. From all the patients detail clinical history were taken with analysis of the pre and postoperative radiographs by presence of the triradiate cartilage of the iliac. RESULT: In this study total 10 patients were included with unstable fractures of the pelvic ring evaluated where female were 6 and male were 4 with the ration 6: 4. The age ranges were 2 to 15 years with the mean age 7.5±4 years old. Symphysis disjunctions of the pubic facture were present in maximum with the facture of two rami and facture of four rami respectively. In five of the cases Sacroiliac dislocation correspond to posterior lesion were seen. The AO-OTA classification was used to evaluate the cases with the following distribution as 61 B1 (one case); 61 B2 (one case); 61 C3 (one cases), 61 C2 (one case) and 61 C1 (seven cases). CONCLUSION: Now  a day’s also many research which still have a controversy  for treatment,  which  has  been  recommended  for  treating  these  fractures  for  many  years. Their concerns relate  to  the  complications  encountered that in  leg  length  and  residual  pain in  the  sacroiliac  joint.

KEYWORDS:  unstable pelvic facture, pelvic asymmetry, children
USE OF CRYSTAL VIOLET STAIN FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF MITOTIC FIGURES IN ORAL EPITHELIAL DYSPLASIA AND ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
Authors: Gandhi Dr. Bipin
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: Histopathological grading depends on several features, of which appearance of mitotic figures and apoptotic bodies in the tissue sections plays an important role. The mitotic figures and apoptotic bodies help assess the cellular proliferation and the turnover of the tumor. As mitotic figures (MF) and apoptotic bodies are difficult to assess under routine H and E sections, other methods such as immunohistochemistry (IHC) and flow cytometry have been implemented but, these methods are expensive and more time-consuming and are highly technique sensitive. Hence, stains, which should be cheap, and can be used routinely, and can be tried in identifying the mitotic figures and apoptotic bodies, which has come out with a better result. Routine histological procedures cannot differentiate between pyknotic nuclei, apoptotic cells and MFs which makes the diagnosis difficult.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Study samples were divided in to 3 groups, group 1- case group in which 40 samples of paraffin blocks diagnosed as oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and group 2- control group in which 40 samples from the healthy individuals. 5 micron thickness sections were made from each tissue specimen. One section was stained with H & E stain nd another section was stained with 1% crystal violet stain.

RESULTS: In case group there were 24(60%) male and 16(40%) female while in control group there were 22 (55%) male and 18(45%) female. Mean age in case group was 36.2±15.4 and in control group was25.7±12.7. There is a significant increase in mitotic figures of H & E (P< 0.01) and crystal violet (P < 0.01). In case, there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in mitotic figures when stained with crystal violet. As compared to H&E stain there was a significant (P < 0.01) increase in metaphase observed in crystal violet stain. Mean mitotic figure by H&E in case group was 4.15±1.07 while in crystal violet it was 5.97±1.87.

CONCLUSION: % crystal violet stain is the cheaper stain and can be performed in small laboratories and resource constraint settings. Crystal violet can be used for the localization of mitotic figures and assessing proliferation.
POLYPHARMACY IN HOSPITALIZED GERIATRIC PATIENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL – A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Vamsi CH. Krishna , Sushmitha A. , Supriya P. , Rajani A. , Ravi G.
Published: November 2019

Background: The current focus of research is on polypharmacy and the presence of unnecessary medications in the treatment and also the cost of the unnecessary medications.

Objectives: To find out the prevalence of polypharmacy in geriatric patients, reasons for unnecessary drug therapy, the cost of unnecessary drug therapy and to check the quality of life of the patients.

Methodology: A total of 200 patients were included and the study was conducted in the department of General Medicine. The participants enrolled in the study involve inpatients only after filling a properly written informed consent. The data is collected in a pre-designed data collection form.

Results: The study showed that of the 200 cases collected, 54% were female patients most of them falling under the age group of 60-65yrs. Of the 200 patients 43.5% received more than 5 drugs per prescription. The reason found for unnecessary drug therapy is therapeutic duplication with mostly prescribed class of drug as Antibiotics. Total expense of unnecessary drug therapy is equal to INR.21.641.

Conclusion: Prevention of unnecessary drug therapy problem can be conducted through reduction of drug use. It is recommended to eliminate all medications without therapeutic benefit, goal or indication. Prevention of unnecessary drug therapy will also contribute in cost saving among elderly patients.

Keywords: Polypharmacy, Unnecessary medications, Geriatric population, Cost saving.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME FOLLOWING ANATOMICAL LOCKING COMPRESSION PLATE BY OPEN TECHNIQUE AND MINIMAL INVASIVE PERCUTANEOUS OSTEOSYNTHESIS (MIPO) TECHNIQUE IN MID SHAFT CLAVICLE FRACTURE
Authors: Bade Dr. Rahul , More Dr. Sanjay S. , Parmar Dr. Divyang
Published: November 2019

INTRODUCTION: Clavicle fractures are common injuries in adults, accounting for 5% of all fractures and 44% of all shoulder fractures. Furthermore, there is an increasing incidence of complex fracture patterns after high-energy trauma. Incidence in males is usually highest in second and third decade which decreases thereafter as per age. Clavicles mid shaft fractures have classically been treated non-operatively. However, factors including severity of displacement, degree of comminution, and greater than 2 cm of shortening have been reported in the literature to predispose patients to unsatisfactory outcomes with non-operative treatment. Minimally invasive surgery is increasingly being used for the treatment of mid shaft clavicle fracture. The two most commonly used implant are titanium elastic nail (TEN) and locking compression plate (LCP). Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) is widely used for long bone fracture.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients were selected randomly and were divided in the following two groups of 15 patients each: Group A: 15 patients treated by anatomical locking compression plate (LCP) by open technique. Group B: 15 patients treated by minimal invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique. Follow up period were 1 months, 2months and 6months. Functional outcome was evaluated using the constant shoulder score, which is scored from 0 to 100, with a lower score representing a higher level of functional disability.

RESULTS: Majority of the patients (40%) in Group A were in the age group of 31-40 years followed by 26.7% in the age group of 21-30 years, 20% in the age group 41-50 years and 13.3% in the age group of 51-60 years. The mean age of the patients was 36.2 ± 9.09 years. Majority of the patients in both groups were male. There were 80% and 73.3% male patients in Group A and Group B respectively whereas female patients constituted 20% and 26.7% of the study group respectively. In Group A, 7 (46.7%) patients had operative time of 80-100 minutes whereas 6 (40%) and 2 (13.3%) patients had operative time of 100-120 and 120-140 minutes respectively. The mean operative time was 104.9 ± 13.52mins. In Group B, 6 (40%) patients had operative time of 80-100 minutes whereas 8 (53.4%) and 1 (6.6%) patients had operative time of 100-120 and 120-140 minutes respectively. The mean operative time was 106.5 ± 11.72mins. There was no significant association between the groups as per Student t-test (p>0.05).

CONCLUSION: Operative treatment with a LCP for clavicle shaft fractures can be used to obtain stable fixation. Particularly, MIPPO of displaced mid shaft clavicular fractures resulted in a better cosmetic than conventional open reduction, although the functional outcomes were no different between the two groups.
TO STUDY THE PRESENCE OF NEUROLOGICAL SOFT SIGNS IN CONTROL POPULATION AND TO COMPARE FINDINGS WITH PATIENT POPULATIONS.
Authors: Singh Dr. Ashutosh , Kumar Dr. Sudhir , Sisodia Dr. Anil Kumar
Published: November 2019

Background: The study was conducted at the Mental Health & Hospital, Agra. It is a tertiary referral center and a postgraduate teaching hospital. The hospital has a wide catchments area which includes diagnosis of schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder.

Result: The total number of neurological soft signs present in a subject. Schizophrenia group had the highest number of NSS (mean±SD= 10.43±4.13) then were the bipolar group (mean±SD= 5.63±3.46) and least number of NSS were in control group (mean±SD=1.03±1.73) i.e. bipolar group was intermediate between schizophrenia and control group in terms of total number of positive NSS. Results of one way ANOVA revealed significant group differences F (2, 87) =62.05, p<.01. Games-Howell post hoc comparisons revealed significant differences in Schizophrenia vs Bipolar group (p< .01), Schizophrenia Vs Control group (p< .01) as well as in Bipolar Vs Control group (p< .01) i.e. schizophrenia group had significantly higher number of positive NSS than bipolar and control group. Also bipolar group had significantly higher number of positive NSS than control group.

Conclusion: On various subscales of Neurological Evaluation Scale, schizophrenia patients differed from bipolar patients on all the subscale but not on the sequencing of complex motor acts subscale. Neurological Soft Signs are present even during the symptom free period and therefore they are not due to the effects of active illness. Hence, these Neurological Soft Signs in our study may represent a trait like abnormality in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Keywords: Neurology, Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder & Sign
TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF CLEANLINESS, HYGIENE, AND INFECTION CONTROL PRACTICES IN PUBLIC HEALTH CARE FACILITIES.
Authors: Aras Dr. Vasundhara
Published: November 2019

Method: This study is conducted at Primary, Secondary and Tertiary level of health care delivery centre of Indore district. Doctors, Staff Nurses, Housekeeping Staff, Staff Members, Beneficiaries (patient/relative). One year July 2010 - June 2011 Doctor Staff and Personnel involved in all selected centers were interviewed. 120 doctors, 56 nurses, 23 Housekeeping staff and 80 patients were selected for interviews & by method of Observation. Records view Hospital staff and patients interview record.

Result: IMCHRC, BSBH, Manpur, Sanwer, Simrol, & Hatod has 80% of hospital cleanliness with 72% of segregation collection, storage & transportation of BMW. DH Indore has 70% of cleanliness and 72% of segregation collection, storage & transportation of BMW, whereas Depalpur has 70% & 68%, respectively. Total number of doctors in all facilities is 120.

75% &70% of Cleanliness and hygiene in procedure area and ambulatory & auxiliary area, respectively at IMCHRC, DH, BSBH Mhow. Sanwer & Hatod with 75% in both the areas by Depalpur 50%. Only Manpur and Simrol are with 100%.

Conclusion: Knowledge attitude and practices regarding Infection Control, benefits of hand wash & 6 steps of Hand wash correct method of wearing and removing hand gloves, when to use & its types, making Chlorine Solution, Decontamination & Cleaning of Instruments, standard Precautions, Knowledge about Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and its practice among nurse and staff among all health care personnel is satisfactory.

Keywords: Cleanliness, Public Health, Care & Infection.
A CLINICO -PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF NEOPLASTIC AND NON-NEOPLASTIC OVARIAN LESIONS.
Authors: Verma Dr. Reena , Singh Dr. Kulwant , Kaur Dr. Swaran , Mahendru Dr. Rajiv , Agarwal Dr. Deepti , Rana Dr. Parveen
Published: November 2019

Background: Ovarian lesions constitute a complex group with varied clinical behaviour and pathology. The ovaries constitute the internal reproductive organs their lesions can present in childhood to postmenopausal age group Clinical, radiological and gross examination alone cannot distinguish benign from malignant lesions; hence, histopathological examination is needed for their diagnosis and management.

Objectives: A Clinico -pathological analysis of non-neoplastic and neoplastic ovarian lesions.

Materials and methods:  This descriptive study of one year comprised of 80 ovarian lesions diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, Bhagat Phool Singh Government medical college Sonipat. After thorough gross examination, representative bits were routinely processed and stained with H & E. Tumours were classified as per WHO classification.

Results: Out of 80 ovarian lesions received, non-neoplastic lesions constituted 39% (31/80). Benign lesions constituted 45% (36/80) whereas borderline and malignant lesions constituted 5% (4/80) and 11.25% (9/80) respectively.  Among non-neoplastic lesions, follicular cysts (67.7%) constituted the majority followed by corpus luteal cysts and endometriotic cysts. Among neoplastic lesions majority of the tumours were of surface epithelial type (69.38%) followed by germ cell tumours (18.36%).  Bilateral lesions were seen in 17 (26.98%) patients while unilateral lesions were seen in 46 (73.01%) patients.  Patients age varied from 16 to 75 years. For non-neoplastic lesions, patient age varied from 16 to 61 years. For neoplastic lesions patient age ranged from 18-75 years with age range of 18-75 years for benign tumours and 26-66 years for malignant tumours. Abnormal uterine bleeding was the commonest clinical presentation of non-neoplastic lesions. Benign and malignant tumours were most commonly associated with pain abdomen.

Conclusion: Ovarian lesions comprise of variety of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. By knowing clinical data, gross features, we can narrow our differential diagnosis and reach to the final diagnosis.  So, early diagnosis and treatment definitely reduce the mortality from ovarian tumours.

Keywords: Non-neoplastic, Benign, Malignant, Ovary, Lesions, Cysts, Tumours.
AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF VARICOCELE
Authors: Yadav Dr. Dinesh Singh , Khan Dr. Farukh
Published: November 2019

Background

A varicocele is described as pathologically enlarged, tortuous veins of the pampiniform plexus, leading to an increased testicular temperature and adrenal metabolite reflux into the testes. The purpose of this work was to find presentations of “varicocele.

Methods

Hospital based prospective study conducted on 50 cases reporting to General surgery, Paed. Surgery and urology department within the study duration and eligible as per inclusion criteria was included in study.

Results- Most of the patients (56.00%) were presented with pain and dragging sensations followed by 28.00%  patients were presented for infertility and  16.00% patients were did not have any complaints but referred from various recruitment agencies for fitness purposes.Out 50 patients 48% patients were treated by palmos technique and 36.00% patients were treated by high inguinal ligation

Conclusion

It conclude that Varicocele epidemiology remains incompletely understood. We need well‑designed, large‑scale studies that include evaluation of important clinical factors to comprehend fully the epidemiological aspects of this condition.

Keywords- Varicocele, epidemiology, urology
ROLE OF FINE NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY (FNAC) AS DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN BONE TUMOURS
Authors: Bodhireddy Dr. Sridhar Reddy , Rani Dr. G.Sobha
Published: November 2019

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a highly effective procedure in diagnosing the bony problems. It is a simple low cost, relatively a painless procedure. The cases were categorized based on cyto- morphological features of aspirate.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the diagnosis and to differentiate the primary bone tumour like lesions.

Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted on 58 cases of bone tumours during a three years period (2015 - 2018) in department of pathology, Government medical college, Kadapa.

Requirement of materials: 10 ml disposable syringe with 22-25 G needle, suitable fixative is Isopropyl alcohol, Alcohol fixed slides were taken for Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stain.

Results: In the present study we registered 58 cases. Among these, 36 (62.06%) cases were Osteoclastoma, 20(34.4%) were Osteo sarcoma, 2 (3.44%) were Ewing’s sarcoma. The predominant age group in Osteoclastoma is 21-30 years, in Osteosarcoma 41-50 years, in Ewing’s sarcoma 11-20 years group. Male to female ratio in Osteoclastoma is 8:1, in Osteosarcoma 9:1, Ewing sarcoma 1:1.

Keywords:  FNAC, Bone tumours to evaluate benign and malignant tumours of bone