bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
More ingredients may mean more allergens, in sunscreens: A screening analysis of commonly accessed sunscreens in India
Authors: Divyalakshmi C. , Selvadurairaj Subashini , Sukumaran Pavithra , Balasubramanian Ragavi , Thirunavukkarasu Vanathi , Anuba P. A. , Lourdhurajan Renita
Published: January 2025

Objective:

The objective of the study is to evaluate the presence of known allergens in topical sunscreens available in India.

Materials and Methods:

Sunscreens across commonly used online marketplaces were included. A total of 135 allergens were screened, with 48 being high prevalence and 87 being low prevalence.

Results:

The number of allergens in a sunscreen formulation increased with an increasing number of ingredients. Mineral sunscreens contained significantly fewer ingredients and allergens compared to chemical and hybrid sunscreens (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Patch and photopatch testing are recommended to determine the relevance of these high- and low-prevalence allergens for contemporary sunscreen formulations for Indian skin types. This study initiates the framework for better product selection by consumers and dermatologists.
Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates retinal ischemia reperfusion-induced microglial activation through sortilin-related vacuolar protein sorting 10 domain containing receptor 2/laminin subunit alpha 1 upregulation
Authors: Li Juanjuan , Li Hua , Wei Chunling , Chen Chen , Zheng Zhikun
Published: January 2025

Objective:

Microglial activation is a hallmark of pathogenic retinal conditions such as retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR). While sortilin-related vacuolar protein sorting 10 domain containing receptor 2 (Sorcs2) and laminin subunit alpha 1 (Lama1) have been implicated in neuroinflammatory processes, their roles in regulating microglial activation in RIR are not reported. The current work studied the potential of Sorcs2 and Lama1 as negative regulators of microglial activation in RIR and assessed the therapeutic potential of Astragalus polysaccharide (AP).

Material and Methods:

Transcriptome profiling was conducted in retinal specimens of RIR group 72 h after RIR induction. Oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) in rat microglial cells was employed as the cellular induction model of RIR. The functional role of Sorcs2 and Lama1 in dictating microglial activation was investigated in vitro and in vivo using lentivirus-based gene expression. Further, the potential effect of AP on RIR-mediated microglial activation was investigated.

Results:

Sorcs2 and Lama1 were identified as two downregulated genes in retinal samples following RIR. OGD/R induction triggered pro-inflammatory microglial activation and induced the downregulation of Sorcs2 and Lama1. Sorcs2 or Lama1 overexpression hindered OGD/R-induced microglial activation in vitro and attenuated inflammatory expansion of microglia cells in RIR-induced rat retinal samples. AP treatment was able to neutralize the oxidative stress, promote the expression of Sorcs2 and Lama1, and suppress microglial activation.

Conclusion:

Our findings pinpoint Sorcs2 and Lama1 as negative regulators of microglial activation in RIR. AP could be employed as an antioxidant to attenuate microglial activation and ameliorate the inflammatory damages in RIR.
Vulvar and vaginal anatomical variations in Indian women – A cross-sectional study
Authors: Mangla Mishu , Garg Priyanka , Yoga Purini Priyanka , Paul Sayanti , Kaur Harpreet , Rathod Sandhya Rani , Kanikaram Poojitha Kalyani , Sree Sevala Kavya , Jarathi Aparna , Patnaik Nabnita , Vijayan Sharmila
Published: January 2025

Objectives:

The appearance and morphology of the vulva are dependent on race, ethnicity, age, hormonal status, parity, and body mass index (BMI). The present study was planned to obtain a nomogram of vulva and vagina measurement in the Indian population and to find the correlation between the measurements of female external genitalia with various demographic parameters.

Material and Methods:

This multi-centric and cross-sectional study included the recruitment of 1562 women from across four different tertiary care centers in India. Genital measurements were taken in the lithotomy position. Measurements were recorded as mean ± SD and centiles for age and BMI were prepared. The correlation of genital measurements with age, height, weight, BMI, parity, and the frequency of sexual intercourse was studied with the help of Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Results:

The mean length and width of labia majora are 9.7 ± 1.8 cm and 3.7 ± 0.8 cm, respectively. Labia minora measures 5.7 ± 1.5 cm in length and 1.9 ± 0.7 cm in width. The mean length of the clitoris is 13.2 ± 4.5 mm and the mean width is 7.7 ± 3.1 mm. The perineal body measures 2.5 ± 0.7 cm. The average total vaginal length is 8.9 ± 1.4 cm. Most of the female external genital measurements, except the clitoris, showed a positive correlation with the BMI (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The nomograms presented in the study can be used as a reference range for counseling women undergoing surgery on external genitalia, including cosmetic gynecology surgeries, to guide them about normality and expected outcomes following surgery. The centile curves can be used as reference ranges for women of different ages and BMI.
Перспективы развития виртуальных университетов Киргизии
Authors: Часовских В.П. , Сагымбаев А.А. , Аттокуров У.Т. , Кох Е.В. , Сагымбаев А.А.
Published: January 2025

По мнению авторов, корпоративная модель виртуального университета и электронное обучение при синхронном и асинхронном взаимодействии преподавателя и студента по отдельным образовательным программам в течение всей профессиональной жизни возможно поддерживать актуальные компетентности и профессионализм  специалистов, способных к адаптации в новых условиях. В этом случае, возникает необходимость создать единую электронную площадку вести переговоры с Российским корпоративным виртуальным университетом с целью вступления в качестве вуза-партнера для сетевого взаимодействия с российскими вузами. Авторы также отмечают что, наблюдается разрыв между возможностями образовательных технологий в подготовке it-специалистов и реальным применением информационно-коммуникационных и цифровых технологий на производстве. Для решения возникшей проблемы авторы предлагают отходить от традиционных методов обучения и каждый год с учетом замечаний и предложений работодателей в сфере ИКТ, при необходимости вносить соответствующие изменения и дополнения в учебные программы.

According to the authors, the corporate model of a virtual university and e-learning with synchronous and asynchronous interaction between a teacher and a student in separate educational programs throughout their professional lives, it is possible to maintain relevant competencies and professionalism of specialists capable of adapting to new conditions. In this case, it becomes necessary to create a single electronic platform to negotiate with a Russian corporate virtual university in order to join as a partner university for networking with Russian universities. The authors also note that there is a gap between the possibilities of educational technologies in the training of IT specialists and the actual use of information, communication and digital technologies in production. To solve the problem, the authors propose to move away from traditional teaching methods and every year, taking into account the comments and suggestions of employers in the field of ICT, if necessary, make appropriate changes and additions to the curricula.
Инновационные стратегии формирования метакогнитивных навыков у студентов в условиях цифровой трансформации высшего образования
Authors: Альмурзаева П.Х. , Алтамирова З.А.
Published: January 2025

В условиях стремительной цифровизации системы высшего образования особую значимость приобретает проблема развития метакогнитивных навыков у студентов. Анализ современной научной литературы свидетельствует о недостаточной разработанности теоретических и прикладных аспектов данного вопроса. Цель исследования - разработка и апробация инновационных стратегий формирования метакогнитивных навыков у студентов в контексте цифровой трансформации вузов. Исследование опирается на интеграцию компетентностного, деятельностного и метакогнитивного подходов. Эмпирическая часть работы включала педагогический эксперимент (n=120), анкетирование, тестирование, статистическую обработку данных (t-критерий Стьюдента, U-критерий Манна-Уитни). Выявлены три ключевые стратегии развития метакогнитивных навыков в цифровой образовательной среде: 1) рефлексивное электронное портфолио; 2) интерактивные метакогнитивные дневники; 3) адаптивные системы обратной связи. Экспериментально доказана их эффективность (p<0,01). Полученные результаты вносят значимый вклад в теорию и методику профессионального образования. Предложенные стратегии могут найти широкое применение в практике вузов. Перспективы дальнейших исследований связаны с изучением долгосрочных эффектов применения данных стратегий.

In the context of the rapid digitalization of the higher education system, the problem of developing students' metacognitive skills is of particular importance. The analysis of modern scientific literature indicates that the theoretical and applied aspects of this issue are insufficiently developed. The purpose of the study is to develop and test innovative strategies for the formation of metacognitive skills among students in the context of the digital transformation of universities. The research is based on the integration of competence-based, activity-based and metacognitive approaches. The empirical part of the work included a pedagogical experiment (n=120), questionnaires, testing, statistical data processing (Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test). Three key strategies for the development of metacognitive skills in the digital educational environment have been identified: 1) reflective electronic portfolio; 2) interactive metacognitive diaries; 3) adaptive feedback systems. Their effectiveness has been experimentally proven (p<0.01). The results obtained make a significant contribution to the theory and methodology of vocational education. The proposed strategies can be widely applied in the practice of universities. The prospects for further research are related to the study of the long-term effects of these strategies.
Психолого-педагогические аспекты организации социокультурной среды вуза для обучающихся с ограниченными возможностями здоровья
Authors: Лапыко Т.П. , Комарова С.В. , Голенкова О.В.
Published: January 2025

Право на получение высшего образования имеют различные категории лиц, имеющих ограниченные возможности жизнедеятельности (далее ОВЗ), в том числе в статусе инвалида, которые при определенных условиях обучения могут демонстрировать высокие образовательные результаты, конкурировать с обучающимися без ограничений по здоровью. В этой связи одной из задач высшего образования должно быть изучение психолого-педагогических аспектов трансформации социокультурной среды, учитывающих потребности обучающихся с ОВЗ. Реализация такого решения требует применения актуальных в молодежной среде технологий, а также участия различных субъектов высшей школы, в том числе студенческих сообществ, готовых к сотрудничеству с обучающимися с ОВЗ и их приобщения к воспроизводству общественно значимых культурных ценностей в различных видах деятельности, включая профессиональную. Подготовка к преобразованию социокультурной среды вуза для обучающихся с ОВЗ должна включать изучение психолого-педагогических аспектов данного процесса посредством применения цифровых и медиа технологий, технологий проектирования, диагностики, кейсов (решения задач), моделирования, групповой рефлексии.

The right to higher education is granted to various categories of persons with limited life opportunities (hereinafter referred to as HIA), including those with the status of a disabled person, who, under certain conditions of study, can demonstrate high educational results, compete with students without health restrictions. In this regard, one of the tasks of higher education should be to study the psychological and pedagogical aspects of the transformation of the socio-cultural environment, taking into account the needs of students with disabilities. The implementation of such a solution requires the use of technologies relevant to the youth environment, as well as the participation of various subjects of higher education, including student communities, ready to cooperate with students with disabilities and their involvement in the reproduction of socially significant cultural values in various activities, including professional ones. Preparation for the transformation of the socio-cultural environment of the university for students with disabilities should include the study of the psychological and pedagogical aspects of this process through the use of digital and media technologies, design technologies, diagnostics, case studies (problem solving), modeling, group reflection.
Иноязычное обучение в отечественном образовании XVIII – первой половины XIX веков: латынь и французский язык
Authors: Колобкова А.А.
Published: January 2025

В статье на базе сохранившихся и доступных для изучения источников рассмотрено обучение латыни и французскому языку в Российской империи в светских учебных заведениях, семинариях и на дому. Проведен историко-педагогический анализ отдельных проблем преподавания иностранных языков, в частности, при обучении на дому. Всестороннее рассмотрение иноязычного обучения позволило выявить основные методы преподавания иностранных языков, рассмотреть их в ретроспективе. Исследование показало, что на протяжении рассматриваемого периода времени статус латинского языка в учебном процессе изменился. Французский язык со временем вытеснил латынь, став языком международного общения.

The article examines the teaching of Latin and French in the Russian Empire in secular educational institutions, seminaries and at home on the basis of preserved and accessible sources. A historical and pedagogical analysis of individual problems of teaching foreign languages, in particular, when teaching at home, is carried out. A comprehensive review of foreign language teaching made it possible to identify the main methods of teaching foreign languages, to consider them in retrospect. The study showed that during the period under review, the status of the Latin language in the educational process has changed. French eventually replaced Latin, becoming the language of international communication.
Extrinsic and Intrinsic Personalization in the Digital Transformation of Education
Authors: Bellomo Santiago Tomás
Published: January 2025

AI arrival promises to solve the needs of personalization in education. The following paragraphs aim to shed light on the concept of personalization by providing a philosophical conceptualization that enables an analysis of its scope and applications within the framework of the digital transformation of higher education. The paper explains the reasons why the goal of personalization is so deeply rooted in the digital transformation. It also describes the five meanings attributable to the concept and details their philosophical underpinnings. This helps clarify the distinction between the extrinsic and intrinsic orientations of personalization, which, in turn, allows to apply this distinction within the framework of the digital transformation of education.
Equifinality in Career Pathways
Authors: Nemes Joyce Exusper
Published: January 2025

There are diverse pathways to becoming an academic, yet personal histories of successful academics who have taken non-traditional routes often remain undocumented. This qualitative and autobiographical study is guided by the theories of equifinality and career construction (von Bertalanffy, 1968; Toya, 2020; Savickas, 2005), aiming at filling this gap by documenting a personal journey from classroom teaching to academia. The study findings reveal that career pathways are marked by significant milestones, challenges and strategic decision-making processes that shape the career trajectory. The results underscore the validity of equifinality in academic career development and active role individuals play in constructing their career narratives. It is recommended that institutions and policymakers in higher learning institutions should recognize and value non-traditional career paths as valuable assets within individuals’ career development.
Harnessing AI for Enhancing Student Support Services
Authors: Chand Rajni , Goundar Raveena
Published: January 2025

In the unique educational landscape of small island countries in the Pacific, the University of the South Pacific (USP) has embarked on an innovative approach to augmenting student support services by integrating Generative AI technology. This initiative specifically caters to its diverse and dispersed student body across 12 countries and five time zones, addressing a critical need for accessible and empathetic support systems in higher education. To do so, the Semester Zero, an online preparatory course using GPT 3.5-Turbo, was created. Designed for all incoming students, it showcased the potential of AI to enhance student support services in institutions with far less challenging environments than USP.
Africa Dreams of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Olojede Helen Titilola , Olakulehin Felix Kayode
Published: January 2025

Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently emerged as a transformative force in teaching and learning practices, with profound implications for open and distance learning (ODL), which relies heavily on technology. Despite its global impact, the extent of African societies’ engagement with AI remains trivial. This paper critically reflects on the ethical, legal, social, pedagogical and technological implications of AI in ODL in sub-Saharan Africa, drawing insights from the Nigerian experience. Adopting the scoping review methodology, the paper explores and synthesises existing literature to foreground a critical analysis of the implications of AI in the African context.
An automated sample changer for Bruker ESR spectrometers
Authors: Grün R. , Clapp R.
Published: January 2025

We have developed an automated sample changer which allows the measurement of up to 40 samples without operator attendance. It had not been possible to adapt commercially available robotic arms or autoloaders. A performance test on enamel samples from a single tooth showed that (i) the changer worked reliably and was not an additional source of error and (ii) when using Fourier transformation to eliminate high frequency noise of the spectra, the unvertainty in the measurement of the ESR intensity was in the range of 1%. Furthermore, there was no difference in the unvertainty of an ESR measurement between aliquots that were weighed as precisely as possible to 40 mg before measurement and subsamples (ranging between about 33 and 50 mg) whose weight was used after measurement for spectrum weight normalisation.
Dose-rate conversion factors: update
Authors: Adamiec G. , Aitken M. J.
Published: January 2025

Dose-rate conversion factors relevant to luminescence dans electron spin resonance dating have been derived from values for the energy carried by radiations emitted during nuclear transformations given in the current ENSDF (Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File). For beta and gamma radiation the factors are a few percent lower than previously used for the effetive alpha dose-rate it is more appropriate to use an approach based on particle anges and resultant values are given.
The Rb contents of the K-feldspar grains being measured in optical dating
Authors: Huntley D. J. , Hancock R. G. V.
Published: January 2025

Can be added
Single grain OSL analysis: A discussion of how to clean and check single-grain discs
Authors: Davies A. D. , Sanderson D. C. W
Published: January 2025

We compare possible methods to remove grains from single grain discs including heating, tapping, vibration in a sieve shaker and use of an ultrasonic bath. These methods are quick, simple and effective at removing smaller grains or those that have become stuck as a consequence of settling during pre-heating. Holders for single grain discs to facilitate thermal and vibrational cleaning approaches have been designed and manufactured. Heating and tapping seem to be useful additional techniques for cleaning single grain discs, resulting in insignificant residual sensitivity in the majority of cases.
On the luminescence signals of empty sample carriers
Authors: Schmidt Christoph , Kreutzer Sebastian , Fattahi Morteza , Bailey Richard , Zander Anja , Zöller Ludwig
Published: January 2025

Luminescence dating is a leading technique for a large spectrum of Quaternary dating applications. Since the development of automated reader systems, handling great amounts of samples has become possible. A large quantity of data is produced in a short time and a detailed check of every single curve is often impractical. Therefore, it is important to be confident in excluding any kind of unwanted signal contributions, such as those from sample carriers. For commonly used types of steel and aluminium (Al) carriers from three laboratories, luminescence characteristics of spurious and radiation-induced signals are presented. TL and OSL emissions of discs show natural (Al) and regenerated thermally stable signals in the UV, UV-blue and red detection range. These signals have characteristic saturation doses of several hundred Gy. Furthermore, we demonstrate light insensitive signal components and phototransferred thermoluminescence (PTTL). Due to high scatter between discs, the proportion of unwanted disc signal contribution to the entire signal is difficult to predict, without direct measurement. The sources of these signals are possibly chemical compounds acting as luminophores or oxide layers (Al2O3 layers in case of Al discs).
new R function for the Internal External Uncertainty (IEU) model
Authors: Smedley Rachel K.
Published: January 2025

A new function (calc IEU) is now available in the latest version of the R Luminescence package (version 0.4.2). The calc IEU function can be used to calculate an equivalent dose (De) value for a given dose distribution using the Internal External Uncertainty (IEU) model. The IEU model is used in luminescence dating to determine a De value for a partially-bleached sample by calculating the weighted mean from the well bleached part of a partially-bleached population. The new calc IEU function automates the calculation of the IEU model so that the results are produced rapidly and reproducibly. This is advantageous as the user can easily perform sensitivity tests of the model in response to changing input parameters.
Comparison of DosiVox simulation results with tabulated data and standard calculations
Authors: Martin Loic , Incerti Sebastien , Mercier Norbert
Published: January 2025

he DosiVox software allows modeling various situations of dosimetric interest for trapped charge dating methods. Simulation of alpha, beta and gamma dose rates are considered here in adapted modeling. The results of numerical simulations are compared with tabulated data of dose attenuation in layers and grains usually used in the dating community. Good agreements are found with the tabulated data, and some limits of usual approximations are highlighted
External beta dose rates to mineral grains in shell-rich sediment
Authors: Cunningham Alastair C.
Published: January 2025

Luminescence dating methods make use of the infinite-matrix assumption to simplify dose rate calculations. This works well when the sediment grain size is much smaller than the range of beta electrons in sediment (∼3 mm). However, shell material introduces complexity in the beta dose rate calculations, because it creates low-dose-rate zones where no mineral grains are present. This phenomenon introduces an error in the estimated beta dose rate, whether or not the shells are included in the beta dose-rate measurements. The magnitude of the error depends on the size and shape of the shell material, and the quantity of it. Here, this relationship is modelled using Monte Carlo radiation transport software. The model indicates that for shell masses below 25%, accurate estimates of beta dose rate are readily obtained from: 1) the infinite matrix dose rate of the bulk material (including shells) when shell fragments are small (< ∼0.001 cm3 ); and 2) the infinite matrix dose rate of the sandy fraction (without shells) when shell fragments are larger (> ∼1 cm3 ). Between these extremes of shell size, e.g. for shell-hash samples, a significant correction to the measured beta dose rate is necessary
RLumShiny - A graphical user interface for the R Package ’Luminescence’
Authors: Burow C. , Kreutzer S. , Dietze M. , Fuchs M. C. , Fischer M. , Schmidt C. , Brückner H.
Published: January 2025

Since the release of the R package ’Luminescence’ in 2012 the functionality of the package has been greatly enhanced by implementing further functions for measurement data processing, statistical analysis and graphical output. Along with the accompanying increase in complexity of the package, working with the command-line interface of R can be tedious, especially for users without previous experience in programming languages. Here, we present a collection of interactive web applications that provide a user-friendly graphical user interface for the ’Luminescence’ package. These applications can be accessed over the internet or used on a local computer using the R package ’RLumShiny’. A short installation and usage guide is accompanied by the presentation of two exemplary applications.
Defining minimum reporting requirements for ESR dating of optically bleached quartz grains
Authors: Duval M. , Bahain J-J. , Bartz M. , Falguères C. , Guilarte V. , Moreno D. , Tissoux H. , Del Val M. , Voinchet P. , Arnold L. J.
Published: January 2025

More than 30 years after the first Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) dating application to optically bleached quartz grains by Yokoyama et al. (1985), the absence of standardization for reporting methodology and age results remains an obstacle for the development and recognition of the ESR dating method within the Quaternary scientific community. To overcome this issue, the present work proposes some basic guidelines which should hopefully be useful not only for the ESR dating community, but also for any potential reviewers who may not be familiar with the specificities of this field.
Always remain suspicious: a case study on tracking down a technical artefact while measuring IR-RF
Authors: Kreutzer S. , Murari M. K. , Frouin M. , Fuchs M. , Mercier N.
Published: January 2025

Identifying systematic errors that are introduced by the measurement equipment is a necessary prerequisite for reproducible measurements and reliable results. However, technical artefacts often remain unpublished. Here we report on a sudden change of luminescence intensity observed while measuring IR-RF signals from K-feldspar extracts. The measurements were carried out on a lexsyg research reader. A lateral movement of the sample carrier up to 0.5mm relative to the photomultiplier tube and the irradiation source, causes a change in the sample geometry. This movement results in inter-aliquot scatter during the measurement of IR-RF. Two solutions are discussed to remove this effect: (I) data post-processing and (II) design change by the manufacturer. Our study so far is limited to IR-RF measurements on a single luminescence reader and suggests due caution in the identification of such systematic errors.
Athermal stability, bleaching behavior and dose response of luminescence signals from almandine and kyanite
Authors: Del Río I , Sawakuchi A. O. , Giordano D. , Mineli T. D. , Nogueira L. , Abede T.
Published: January 2025

In order to evaluate the suitability of minerals other than quartz and feldspar for luminescence dating of sediments, luminescence properties from almandine and kyanite relevant for dosimetry such as luminescence signal stability, bleachability by sunlight exposure, and dose response are investigated. Thermoluminescence (TL) signals (UV emission) from almandine aliquots present athermal instability for the entire tested TL temperature range (25 – 450 °C). Almandine also presents a significant infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL), post-infrared IRSL (post-IR IRSL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) (blue stimulation and UV detection) signals. Kyanite aliquots show a TL glow curve (UV emission) characterized by four distinct peaks at temperatures of around 90, 170, 220 and 325 °C. The 325 °C TL peak seems to be stable, without significant decay after 6.8 hours of storage at room temperature (25 °C). Kyanite aliquots did not yield significant IRSL or post-IR IRSL signals, but OSL is observed in the UV detection window. Fading tests for the OSL signals resulted in g-values of 15.8 ± 2.8 %/decade for almandine and 21.2 ± 11.6 %/decade for kyanite. The OSL signals are bleachable by sunlight with 34% to 50% of signal remaining after 5 minutes of light exposure. Both minerals yielded dose recovery ratios close to unity (given dose of 100 Gy) and the dose response curves had a high D0 values of around 800 Gy.
Dose-Rate Estimation using α-Al2O3:C Chips: Aftermath
Authors: Kreutzer S. , Tribolo C. , Martin L. , Mercier N.
Published: January 2025

We present additional experiments for αAl2O3:C chips used to estimate in situ γ-dose rates. Our contribution supplements the article by Kreutzer et al. (2018) and presents results from previously announced follow-up experiments. (1) We investigate the divergent γ-dose rate results we obtained from cross-check experiments for one reference site. (2) We discuss the origin of encountered large inter-aliquot scatter using results from low-level background and calibration measurements. (3) We show that the chip geometries vary considerably, which may partly contribute to additional inter-aliquot scatter, regardless of an overall good reproducibility of results. (4) We report new source-calibration results after replacing the β-source housing of our measurement system, which resulted in an increase of the source dose rate at the sample position by ca 37%. GEANT4 simulations show that the increased dose rate is likely caused by an unfortunate fabrication tolerance of the shutter in front of the β-source, which, in combination with the chip geometry, significantly contributes to the observed inter-aliquot scatter. (5) Finally, we introduce a newly developed shiny application we use at the IRAMAT-CRP2A to analyse α-Al2O3:C measurements. The application is open-source and freely available.
eM-Age (excel Macro for Age calculation), a new application for luminescence age calculation based on Dose Rate and Age Calculator (DRAC) and Analyst
Authors: Pérez-Garrido C.
Published: January 2025

eM-Age is a new program for calculating luminescence ages quickly and more easily. It allows the user to instantly check the impact of choosing different attenuation factors (dose rate parameters, grain size, water content, etc) on the final dose rate, and therefore also on the final age, calculation. Based on data collected by Durcan et al. (2015) in the DRAC program, eMAge offers a graphical interface and also allows the calculation and selection of equivalent dose data from summaries generated by Analyst, as well as offering options for different age models for the loaded data
Formulating Uzbekistan's Evolving Strategic Narrative (2016–2024)
Authors: Museyibzada Jovhar , Usmonov Bahriddin
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to deduce Uzbekistan's policy, identity, and system narratives from an in-depth and systematic analysis of materials related to its foreign policy, informed by small states theory. The study improves our knowledge of Uzbekistan's role in the international context, the motives behind its diplomatic initiatives, and the processes of foreign policy formation and projection by Uzbekistan. It examines how Uzbekistan constructs and disseminates its narratives, particularly through international organizations, ultimately to assert itself as a rising minor power. Using a strategic narratives framework, the paper illustrates the formation and projection stages of three main policy narratives, namely, those pertaining to Central Asia, Afghanistan, and the Aral Sea. From each of these narratives, the authors derive the following identity narratives, respectively: trustbased regional cooperation and development, environmental sustainability, and stability. On the other hand, small states theory helps us understand and explain how Uzbekistan behaves in the international context, especially with regard to forming an identity in the system and advancing its foreign policy narratives within international organizations. The analysis suggests that cooperation in a multilateral format is crucial for consolidating strategic narratives and enhancing Uzbekistan's global influence as a rising minor power.
A Live Cell BRET Probe to Quantify PRMT5-MTA Uncompetitive Target Engagement
Authors: Rothweiler Elisabeth , Michaud Ani , Stefaniak Jakub , Singh Usha , Vasta James , Beck Michael , Ward Jennifer , Rogers Catherine , Balıkçı Esra , Tranberg-Jensen Jeppe , Hansen Jesper , Loppnau Peter , Brennan Paul , Tonge Peter , Robers Matthew , Huber Kilian
Published: January 2025

The PRMT5 methyltransferase plays a global role in cell physiology and is an established therapeutic target in cancer. In 10% of human cancers, deletion of the MTAP gene results in accumulation of MTA, exposing a synthetic lethality and opportunity for precision medicine by selective targeting of PRMT5 in this context. Reported small molecule PRMT5 inhibitors engage either cosubstrate (SAM) or peptide-substrate pockets through diverse mechanisms. A subset of chemotypes demonstrate uncompetitive engagement with SAM or its inhibitory metabolic precursor, MTA. Here we describe the development of a cell-permeable BRET probe CBH-002 that acts as a dynamic biosensor of the intracellular SAM/MTA pool. Using this probe, we evaluate a range of diverse PRMT5 inhibitors to mechanistically characterize and quantify uncompetitive target engagement and ternary complex formation at PRMT5-SAM and -MTA complexes in live cells, enabling direct insights into drug mechanism-of-action and metabolite-dependent response to inhibitors.
Dehydroglutathione to induce non-reducible glutathionylation for functional analysis
Authors: Oppong Daniel , Padmavathi Rayavarapu , Kukulage Dhanushika S. K. , Shivamadhu Madhu C. , Newberry Elizabeth A. , Faustino Anneliese M. , Tang Hsin-Yao , Ahn Young-Hoon
Published: January 2025

Protein cysteine is susceptible to diverse oxidations, including disulfide, S-sulfenylation, S-nitrosylation, and S-glutathionylation, that regulate many biological processes in physiology and diseases. Despite evidence supporting distinct biological outcomes of individual cysteine oxoforms, the approach for examining functional effects resulting from a specific cysteine oxoform, such as S-glutathionylation, remains limited. In this report, we devised a dehydroglutathione (dhG)-mediated strategy, named G-PROV, that introduces a non-reducible glutathionylation mimic to protein with the subsequent delivery of the modified protein to cells to examine “phenotype” attributed to “glutathionylation”. We applied our strategy to fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5), demonstrating that dhG induces selective modification at C127 of FABP5, resembling S-glutathionylation. dhG-modified glutathionylation in FABP5 increases its binding affinity to linoleic acid, enhances its translocation to the nucleus for activating PPARβ/δ, and promotes MCF7 cell migration in response to linoleic acid. Our data report a facile chemical tool to introduce a glutathionylation mimic to protein for functional analysis of protein glutathionylation.
The
effects of the opposition on collective and individual behaviours in soccer
Authors: Reis Machado Victor , Niquini Caríssimo João Marcelo , Teoldo Israel
Published: January 2025

Opposition in soccer is a determining factor for the success of collective and individual actions that are performed by the players to solve the problems of the game. Many studies studied the opposition in official matches and training and its impact on the dimensions of soccer. However, no previous review organised the literature about the effects of the opposition in soccer training. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to verify: i) the effects of the opposition on individual and collective behaviours in soccer training; ii) how was the level of the opposition established during training; and iii) how the variables were analysed and instruments utilized to measure those effects. The PRISMA guidelines were used to search five databases for relevant publications before 10th April 2023. The population was soccer players, and the outcome was any variable related to the tactical, technical, physical, and/or psychological dimension. In the end, there were thirteen studies included. Overall, the main results pointed out two ways to establish the opposition in soccer training: numerical relations and through teams’ composition according to players’ individual characteristics. Moreover, it is possible to affect soccer’s tactical, technical, and physical dimensions by establishing the opposition in different ways. Manipulating the opposition through numerical relationships can facilitate the exchange of passes and maintenance of ball possession, in the offensive phase, and generate greater commitment in attempts to recover possession of the ball in the defensive phase. Regarding the individual characteristics of the players, the effects of the opposition depend mainly on the variable used in organising the teams
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Breast Cancer Patients in Bahawalpur Pakistan: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Khan Mehran , Mehmood Abdullah , Sarim Muhammad , Ayub Iqra Fatima , Javed Iqra , Ul Ain Riffat , Khan Nida , Bukhari Syed Farha Raza , Majeed Asma , Basit Abdul , Iqbal Zafar , Safdar Shees , Khan Muhammad Shahzad
Published: January 2025

This study was conducted at Bahawalpur Medical and Dental College (BMDC) in collaboration with Bahawalpur Institute of Nuclear Oncology (BINO) Hospital, Pakistan, and aimed to analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of breast cancer patients. A self-structured questionnaire was developed to collect comprehensive data, including gender, age, regional residence, marital status, reproductive history, BMI, cancer type, stage, time of detection, and family cancer history. Data were collected from 500 female breast cancer patients, with 402 meeting inclusion criteria after excluding incomplete records and male patients. The study revealed a distribution of breast cancer cases across age groups, with a majority aged 41–60 years. BMI classification showed notable proportions of patients classified as obese. Family cancer history was reported in 35.3% of patients. Most patients were non-smokers (97%), and reproductive status showed 37.3% premenopausal, 60.2% postmenopausal, and 2.5% nulliparous. Cancer staging indicated 7.9% with stage 1, 27.4% with stage 2, 42.0% with stage 3, and 16.2% with stage 4 cancer. The majority (95.3%) were diagnosed within 0–5 years of detection. Comparisons with existing literature highlight consistency in age distribution trends and BMI correlations, while variations exist in family cancer history and smoking prevalence. The findings emphasize the importance of tailored prevention and early detection strategies, considering demographic and clinical profiles to enhance breast cancer management and outcomes in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore additional factors influencing breast cancer incidence and treatment responses.
Role of MAPK and JNK Signaling Pathways in Skin Cancer Progression and Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Khaliq Hamza
Published: January 2025

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways exhibit complex signal transduction pathways that modulate multiple processes and the deregulated form of MAPK is involved in many types of cancers including skin cancer. These signaling pathways regulate cellular processes such as differentiation, inflammation, cell proliferation, and survival. Moreover, MAPKs are crucial signaling pathways in regulating various cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. Their dysregulation is commonly observed in cancer, making them attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. The critical mechanisms and pathways of MAPKs and JNKs in skin cancer including basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and melanoma are summarized in this review. In addition to providing new insights into MAPK and JNK pathways in cancer progression and proliferation, we also offered the significance of the mechanism of JNK in drug resistance and the association of KLF4 in influencing JNKs for future endeavors to be targeted as therapeutic approaches as understanding the molecular aspects of these signaling pathways are crucial for novel therapeutic breakthroughs.
Research Progress on the Combination of Rehabilitation Therapy and Evidence-Based Nursing in Restless Legs Syndrome Among Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Wu Siriguleng , Ji Xian , Hao Huili , Zhao Jianchao , Xu Jia , Dong Yanfei , Xue Jingtian , He Ting , Ma Jiling
Published: January 2025

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder in clinical practice, particularly prominent among hemodialysis patients. RLS severely impacts patients’ sleep quality and mental state, exacerbating their pre-existing physical discomfort and life burden. Current pharmacological treatments often yield suboptimal results and carry numerous adverse effects. Consequently, combining evidence-based nursing with rehabilitation therapy has emerged as a promising intervention strategy. Rehabilitation therapy, a multimodal non-pharmacological treatment, aims to enhance patients’ physical and psychological health, while evidence-based nursing emphasizes individualized, scientifically grounded nursing interventions. The integration of these two approaches not only alleviates RLS symptoms but also improves patients’ quality of life and self-management abilities. Based on this, the paper conducts an in-depth study of the pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of RLS in hemodialysis patients and provides a detailed analysis of the combined application of rehabilitation therapy and evidence-based nursing for this condition.
Current Status of Home Management of Oral Targeted Drugs for Cancer Patients
Authors: Wang Shuangran , She Yan , Liu Xiaobo , Hang Jin , Ruan Chunfeng , Qiu Xiaoxia
Published: January 2025

Malignant tumors have a high incidence in clinical practice, posing a significant threat to human health and severely impacting patients’ quality of life. Targeted drugs represent an effective therapeutic strategy, precisely addressing tumor sites to inhibit disease progression and alleviate the adverse effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Despite these benefits, the use of targeted drugs often results in various adverse reactions, necessitating enhanced clinical management and protection. This study analyzes the current state of home management of oral targeted drugs in patients with malignant tumors, identifies influencing factors, and proposes improvement measures tailored to practical conditions. These efforts aim to ensure medication safety and provide valuable references for clinical practice.
Clinical Effect of Orthodontic Treatment for Anterior Tooth Displacement Caused by Periodontitis
Authors: Kang Jing
Published: January 2025

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of orthodontic treatment for anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontitis. Methods: Seventy patients with anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontitis admitted to our hospital from October 2021 to February 2024 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 35 cases in each group. The control group received basic periodontal treatment, while the observation group received orthodontic treatment. The pain level, tooth function, periodontal condition, and inflammatory factor levels of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. Results: The pain level of the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05); tooth function was significantly better than the control group (P < 0.05); the height of anterior alveolar bone and the depth of periodontal pocket were both lower than the control group (P < 0.05); and the level of inflammatory factors was lower than the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Orthodontic treatment for anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontitis is effective and can significantly improve patients' tooth function and periodontal condition, reduce pain, and lower inflammatory response, with high clinical application value.
The Exploration of the Origin of “Moral Governance” Ideology‎
Authors: Liu Guizhen , Cao Liuying , Yuan Xiang
Published: January 2025

This study explores the origins and evolution of the Confucian concept of “moral governance”, a central tenet of Confucian political thought emphasizing that effective leadership and societal harmony stem from the moral integrity of rulers. Rooted in ancient Chinese philosophy, “moral governance” is defined as governing through the moral influence of leaders, inspiring ethical behavior among the populace. Historical sources, such as Shangshu and The Records of History, highlight the role of virtuous monarchs like Emperors Yao, Shun, and Yu in establishing moral governance as a cornerstone of national stability and prosperity. The development of this ideology is traced through key historical periods. In the Shang dynasty, the Mandate of Heaven underscored the ruler’s moral obligations and its misuse by tyrants like King Zhou led to the loss of legitimacy. The Western Zhou dynasty institutionalized moral governance through virtuous leaders like King Wen and King Wu, whose personal cultivation of virtue and ethical administration solidified the nation’s foundation. During the Warring States period, the transition from a clan-based society to regional states further refined the principles of moral governance, integrating them into Confucian philosophy. Modern scholarship explores the relevance of moral governance in contemporary society, while foreign research has been limited to its intersections with law and morality. This comprehensive analysis highlights the enduring significance of moral governance in ancient China as a model for ethical leadership and its influence on Confucian political theory.‎
Research on influencing factors of job burnout of public meteorological service personnel under the background of rural revitalization in China
Authors: Chen Yangyang , Liu Hu , Liu Yujiao
Published: January 2025

Meteorological personnel, as an important object of meteorological high-level scientific and technological innovation personnel training plan, innovation team support plan, talent strong base plan, meteorological talent gathering and introduction plan, and international talent training plan, will inevitably suffer from job burnout due to their boring work content. At present, there are few special studies on meteorological personnel, but there are sufficient studies on job burnout. Therefore, this paper chooses meteorological talents as the object, uses the MBI scale to investigate, does the relevant factor analysis, and puts forward the measures to alleviate or solve the job burnout of meteorological talents.