bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-omic comparative analysis of COVID-19 and bacterial sepsis-induced ARDS
Authors: Batra Richa , Whalen William , Alvarez-Mulett Sergio , Gomez-Escobar Luis G. , Hoffman Katherine L. , Simmons Will , Harrington John , Chetnik Kelsey , Buyukozkan Mustafa , Benedetti Elisa , Choi Mary E. , Suhre Karsten , Schenck Edward , Choi Augustine M. K. , Schmidt Frank , Cho Soo Jung , Krumsiek Jan
Published: September 2022

Background

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a life-threatening condition characterized by hypoxemia and poor lung compliance, is associated with high mortality. ARDS induced by COVID-19 has similar clinical presentations and pathological manifestations as non-COVID-19 ARDS. However, COVID-19 ARDS is associated with a more protracted inflammatory respiratory failure compared to traditional ARDS. Therefore, a comprehensive molecular comparison of ARDS of different etiologies groups may pave the way for more specific clinical interventions.

Methods and findings

In this study, we compared COVID-19 ARDS (n = 43) and bacterial sepsis-induced (non-COVID-19) ARDS (n = 24) using multi-omic plasma profiles covering 663 metabolites, 1,051 lipids, and 266 proteins. To address both between- and within- ARDS group variabilities we followed two approaches. First, we identified 706 molecules differently abundant between the two ARDS etiologies, revealing more than 40 biological processes differently regulated between the two groups. From these processes, we assembled a cascade of therapeutically relevant pathways downstream of sphingosine metabolism. The analysis suggests a possible overactivation of arginine metabolism involved in long-term sequelae of ARDS and highlights the potential of JAK inhibitors to improve outcomes in bacterial sepsis-induced ARDS. The second part of our study involved the comparison of the two ARDS groups with respect to clinical manifestations. Using a data-driven multi-omic network, we identified signatures of acute kidney injury (AKI) and thrombocytosis within each ARDS group. The AKI-associated network implicated mitochondrial dysregulation which might lead to post-ARDS renal-sequalae. The thrombocytosis-associated network hinted at a synergy between prothrombotic processes, namely IL-17, MAPK, TNF signaling pathways, and cell adhesion molecules. Thus, we speculate that combination therapy targeting two or more of these processes may ameliorate thrombocytosis-mediated hypercoagulation.

Conclusion

We present a first comprehensive molecular characterization of differences between two ARDS etiologies–COVID-19 and bacterial sepsis. Further investigation into the identified pathways will lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes, potentially enabling novel therapeutic interventions.
Integration of silicate minerals for ammonium and phosphate removal with an on-site wastewater treatment prototype
Authors: Vasquez Mariana M. , Tyson Kayana J. , Hawkins Brian T. , Trotochaud Lena
Published: September 2022

Inadequately treated wastewater exiting from on-site water treatment systems (OWTS) contains high levels of ammonium and phosphate, which contribute to environmental nutrient pollution. Nutrient removal in small-scale OWTS can be challenging because the most effective known methods are designed for large-scale systems and rely on biological processes. This work focuses on the implementation of two natural silicate-based minerals, clinoptilolite and Polonite, as non-biological sorptive media for nutrient removal in an OWTS. Lab-scale batch sorption experiments showed that Polonite performance is maximized after suspended solids have been removed from blackwater via ultrafiltration. In contrast, clinoptilolite shows robust performance even with untreated blackwater. With both minerals installed in our full-scale OWTS prototype, nutrient removal performance increased from 47.5 ± 15.0% to 84.1 ± 6.3% removal for total N and from 32.3 ± 2.3% to 78.9 ± 5.9% removal for total P. Nevertheless, the target removal performance (>80%) for total P was only achieved with high Polonite loading, which increased effluent pH outside the target range of 6 < pH < 9. Additionally, no loss in nutrient removal performance was observed when the OWTS was restarted after a 150-day idle period. To investigate the potential for media reuse and nutrient recovery, various media regeneration solutions were evaluated. For clinoptilolite, 1 M HCl, NaCl, and KCl all showed good regeneration ability at 2 h contact time, with KCl showing the highest (>86%) ammonium recovery. For the first time, we demonstrated that a minor fraction (30–40%) of binding sites in Polonite can be regenerated using 1 M NaOH or KOH. We also found that the same 1 M HCl regeneration solution could be reused for four clinoptilolite regeneration cycles with no loss in performance. From these results, we discuss opportunities and limitations for implementing these materials in small-scale OWTS.
Grandezas de Brasil en la Biblioteca Histórica de la Universidad de Salamanca
Authors: Sanz-Hermida José María
Published: September 2022

El 7 de septiembre de 1822, hace 200 años, el príncipe regente de Brasil, don Pedro Braganza, proclamaba la Independencia de Brasil a orillas del riachuelo Ipiranga, en las afueras de São Paulo. El nuevo país, que ya nacía con tamaño continental, era el producto de siglos de historia: en un primer momento la de los pueblos autóctonos, y, posteriormente, durante tres siglos, el dominio colonial portugués. A un territorio que contaba con unos 5 millones de indígenas, de los que quedaban poco más de 800 000 en el momento de la Independencia, se unieron unos 2 millones de europeos y más de 3 millones de esclavizados africanos, conformando, en 1822, una población de casi seis millones de habitantes. Esta Exposición presenta un recorrido cartográfico por los distintos momentos que configuraron tanto el territorio como el imaginario de Brasil en Europa a lo largo de los siglos XVI a XX, con obras excepcionales de gran riqueza y rareza custodiadas en los anaqueles de la Biblioteca Histórica de la Universidad de Salamanca. El Centro de Estudios Brasileños de la Universidad de Salamanca, la Embajada de Brasil en España y la Fundación Cultural Hispano-Brasileña se suman así a las conmemoraciones del Bicentenario de la Independencia, un buen momento para reflexionar sobre el importante legado que Brasil ha dejado desde su creación.
Hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of silymarin against salinomycin-induced toxicity in adult rabbits
Authors: Ghonaim Ahmed H. , Hopo Mai G. , Ismail Ayman K. , AboElnaga Tarek R. , Elgawish Rania Abdelrahman , Abdou Rania H. , Elhady Kawther A.
Published: September 2022

Background and Aim: Salinomycin sodium, a licensed coccidiostat in rabbits, is used for fattening at a dose of 20–25 mg/kg. Salinomycin toxicity may arise from many risk factors (e.g., overdosage or use in non-target animal species). Silymarin extracted from milk thistle has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties. This study aimed to investigate the adverse impacts of oral administration of salinomycin for 28 consecutive days and how to reduce its risks and side effects by administering silymarin.

Materials and Methods: Eighty-four male New Zealand White bucks (1.750–2.000 kg) were randomly divided into seven groups (12 each). Group one was the control. Groups two and three were administered salinomycin orally (doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg ration). Group four was administered salinomycin (20 mg/kg ration) and silymarin (6.5 mg/kg body weight [BW]). Group five received salinomycin (40 mg/kg ration) and silymarin (13 mg/kg BW). Groups six and seven were administered silymarin at doses of 6.5 and 13 mg/kg BW. Rabbits were euthanized and slaughtered on day 29 using the Halal method. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine, urea, total proteins, albumin, total cholesterol, and high- and low-density lipoprotein (HDL and LDL) were analyzed in serum. Glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated in the liver. A histopathological investigation was performed on the liver and kidney.

Results: The MDA activity, AST, ALT, total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, urea, and creatinine values were significantly elevated in groups two and three. The GSH, catalase, SOD, and HDL were significantly lower in these groups than in the control group. There were moderate pathologic changes in the liver and kidney of the third group . However, the results of the fourth and fifth groups improved more than those of the second and third groups. The results of the sixth and seventh groups were nearly the same as those of the control group.

Conclusion: Salinomycin toxicity was caused by oxidative damage because of reactive oxygen species formation. Silymarin (6.5 or 13 mg/kg BW) tends to prevent and treat accidental toxicity. However, the high dose of silymarin (13 mg/kg BW) had more renal and hepatoprotective capacities.
Az ellátási lánc menedzsment gyógyszeripari aspektusai
Authors: Hattayer Melinda , Gál József
Published: September 2022

Az ellátási lánc menedzsment kiemelkedő téma a gyógyszeriparban, és
számos irányelv szabályozza. Minden típusú szállítási módnak megvannak az
előnyei és a hátrányai is: általában magát az anyagot/terméket (minőség és
mennyiség), a rendelkezésre álló időt, az árat és az útvonal bonyolultságát
veszik figyelembe. A többi résztvevő (brókerek, forgalmazók stb.) szerepét
is fel kell mérni, értékelve a tevékenységükhöz kapcsolódó kockázatot.
Ennek az értékelésnek a legfontosabb eleme az általuk értelmezett GxP
(gyógyszerfejlesztés helyes gyakorlata) megfelelőségi szint, ennek alapján
tudjuk meghatározni a termékbiztonságot esetlegesen befolyásoló kockázatot.
Kockázatcsökkentő intézkedéseket kell tenni olyan esetekben, amikor a
számított RPN számok túl magasak, és felül kell vizsgálni a megtett
intézkedések hatékonyságát is. A COVID-19 járvány és következményei miatti
nehézségek bizonyos anyagok iránt nagyobb keresletet eredményezhetnek, ami
azt jelenti, hogy elengedhetetlen a műszaki-logisztikai
háttérmegállapodások megléte a hatékony kiszolgálás érdekében.
A biztonság hálózata
Authors: Kemendi Ágnes
Published: September 2022

A hálózatok, valamint a hálózatszerű működés napjaink meghatározó
jelenségeivé váltak. Ezzel párhuzamosan a vállalatok az ipar 4.0, ill. 5.0
korszakában komplex biztonsági kihívásokkal szembesülnek, melyek a
vállalatoktól megkövetelik a hosszú távú sikeresség érdekében, hogy
megfelelő biztonsági rendszerrel rendelkezzenek. A kutatás ezt a két témát
ötvözi; célja a vállalatok biztonsági hálózatát képező elemek
meghatározása. A kvalitatív kutatási módszertanon alapuló kutatás a
Magyarországon működő autóipari vállalatok éves beszámolóinak feldolgozásán
és elemzésén alapul. A kutatás eredményei összhangban vannak a szakirodalmi
elemzés alapján azonosított előzetes várakozásokkal. A biztonsági hálózat a
kockázatkezelés eredménye; biztonságot ad, és funkciója, amennyiben hiba is
akad a folyamatokban, nem engedi, hogy az bekövetkezzen, illetőleg
biztosítja, hogy az esetleges hibahatások elfogadható mederben maradjanak.
A hálózatszerű működés megjelenik a vállalati biztonsági rendszerekben. A
biztonság hálózatának megteremtéséhez kontrollok szükségesek, és az
„kemény”, és „lágy” elemekből áll. A kontrollhálózat meghatározó
tartópillérei az információs és kommunikációs technológiák, IKT rendszerek,
és a rendszereket működtető emberek. A vállalati folyamatok hálózatába
épített kontrollok a belső kontrollrendszer építőkövei.
Az IKT eszközök és a kontrolling jelentősége a mezőgazdaságban,
különös tekintettel a szoftverekre és mobil applikációkra
Authors: Nagy Szeréna , Lakatos Vilmos
Published: September 2022

A digitalizáció egy olyan folyamat, amely minden ágazatban teret
hódít, így a digitális technológiák nélkül elképzelhetetlen a modern
mezőgazdaság is. A digitalizáció szerves részét képezik az IKT eszközök, az
IoT és a Big Data is. A precíziós mezőgazdálkodás egyik alappillére a
digitális technológiák alkalmazása. A KAP 2023-2027-es időszakra kilenc
általános célkitűzést fogalmazott meg, az egyik átfogó célkitűzése a
mezőgazdaság digitalizációja (Európai Bizottság, 2021). A digitális
eszközök használata által jelentősen nő az adatok mennyisége, ezért
szükséges a vállalati információs rendszerekben történő integrálás, amelyek
segítik a gazdálkodói döntéshozatal hatékonyságát. A precíziós mezőgazdaság
fogalma lassan beépül, összekapcsolódik a Smart Farming vagyis a
Mezőgazdaság 4.0 fogalmába, ugyanakkor a precíziós mezőgazdálkodás működése
egyre inkább egy integrált farmmenedzsment rendszerré válik és hatással van
a teljes termékpályára. A farmmenedzsment szoftverek, adatelemző programok,
mobilapplikációk a digitális mezőgazdaság alappillérei, amelyek többféle
szempontból is segítik a gazdákat, és amelyek használata által a gazdaság
irányítása egyszerűbb, átláthatóbb, hatékonyabb. A jelenlegi kutatás célja,
hogy bemutassa az IKT szerepét a mezőgazdaságban, azokat a
mobilapplikációkat és szoftvereket, amelyek az európai és romániai piacon
is elérhetőek a gazdák számára, illetve betekintést nyújtson a precíziós
mezőgazdálkodás alakulásában az európai és a romániai piacon.
A Comparative Analysis of Impact of Hexane, Diethyl Ether,
Toluene and Acetone on Biodiesel Transesterification Process
Authors: Viraj Miyuranga K.A. , Balasuriya B.M.C.M. , Arachchige Udara S.P.R. , Jayasinghe R.A. , Weerasekara N.A.
Published: September 2022

The aim of this study was to examine the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil with an acid
value of 1.82 mg KOH/g in the presence of methanol and KOH, utilizing cosolvent technology in
order to increase biodiesel output by overcoming mass transfer resistance. This study examined the
effect of four cosolvents (hexane, diethyl ether, toluene and acetone) on biodiesel yield under optimized
reaction conditions, including cosolvent-to-oil weight ratio, reaction time and temperature. The polarity
index of cosolvent was determined primarily on its biodiesel yield performance. Highest yield (98.46%)
of biodiesel was obtained at 20 wt.% of acetone; 1:6 molar ratio (oil-to-methanol), 1 wt.% KOH at 40
± 1 ºC for 10 min of reaction time at 600 rpm. The physico-chemical properties of biodiesel such as
acid value, density, kinematic viscosity and flash point were evaluated and found to be within ASTM
standards.
HARMFUL EFFECTS OF HISTAMINE IN THE BODY: A REVIEW
Authors: Janaby S.R. Al- , Al-Kufaishi Ali M.A. , Al-quraishi Zahraa Hameed Oda , Essia Ihsan Naji Atiyah
Published: September 2022

Histamine is a bioactive nitrogenous organic compound of the family of monoamines produced by the action of enzymes in human and animal dung by fecal bacteria on protein materials, particularly the essential amino acid histidine. This type of material is also secreted in abundance in the body by cells known as mast cells circulating in the connective tissues, and also by white blood cells known as basophils, basal white blood cells, during allergic reactions and serious and life-threatening anaphylactic shock called anaphylactic shock (and during various allergic diseases). Mast cells are abundantly present in lung tissue, nasal mucosa, eye mucosal tissue, subcutaneous and between various mucosal tissues. In addition to what was mentioned above about the characteristics and functional role of histamine in the body, it has many harms as a result of its high level secretion as a result of a specific functional disorder or microbial invasion, as well as as a result of immune sensitivity, and damages are noted in the respiratory, digestive, immune and nervous systems.
On Maxwell’s Reversed Laws as Root of Magnetic Monopoles in Dark Matter
Authors: Bagdoo Russell
Published: September 2022

We propose the magnetic sterile neutrino as a possible candidate for dark matter. We bring the idea that dark matter would be made up of substances originating from black holes, in particular sterile neutrinos associated with a magnetic charge. These would not be sensitive only to the gravitational force. First, we conjectured that when baryonic matter crosses the black holes event horizon, Maxwell's laws are reversed, the electric charge turns into a magnetic charge. Sterile magnetic neutrinos and antineutrinos would be created and emitted, true magnetic monopoles. Second, we discuss dark matter consisting of sterile magnetic neutrinos, the cosmic microwave background, mini primordial black holes, and the formation of intermediate mass black holes linked to the formation of galaxies. Third, we review different mechanisms of how sterile magnetic neutrino could have escaped from the black hole. Fourth, we investigate the possibility that ordinary neutrinos could be produced by the weak interaction if sterile magnetic dark matter neutrinos interact with active ordinary matter neutrinos. Fifth, after examining equations of possible production of gamma rays from the annihilation of neutrinos-antineutrinos, we propose the “anapole”, which would be weakly sensitive to electromagnetic forces. Before concluding, we underline the relation between the distribution of the magnetic fields coming from baryonic matter and that from dark matter, and we highlight the gamma ray glows in the dark that can be attributed to the annihilation of dark matter with itself.
Intentions, Extensions
Authors: Chernysheva Daria
Published: September 2022

Translation and editing may be defined as highly similar practices yielding an independent text that bears a relationship to other texts. This article offers examples from the author’s ongoing project A Sauvage Reader to demonstrate how it may be possible to emphasize the bonds of correspondence that emerge, via translation and editing, between texts, as opposed to anxieties about the search for and fidelity to a definitive text.
Reaching Out to the Reader
Authors: Petridou Eleni , Tiktopoulou Katerina
Published: September 2022

When designing a digital genetic edition, one of the most challenging and demanding tasks, upon which the success or failure of the editing venture lies, is the ability of the editor to communicate the transformations of the work that took place during the process of its writing in a comprehensible, reliable, and simultaneously attractive way. In this paper we suggest supplementary tools that may appear valuable in designing a digital reading environment suitable not only for the expert but also the common — motivated — reader and address some matters that appear crucial for reading and interacting with digital genetic editions. The challenge to reach out to the reader of the digital genetic edition and seek tools to improve her reading experience stems from our engagement with D. Solomòs' manuscripts and incomplete works and, more particularly, from the implementation of a digital scholarly edition of his manuscript corpus that will also include genetic editions for some of his works.
The Construct Editor
Authors: Bassett Caroline
Published: September 2022

New AI language modelers are increasingly capable of taking on multiple editing roles, previously thought to demand humans. Where are the limits? What does further automation of the scholarly editor’s function suggest? Will the Construct Editors of the (possible) future render today’s scholarly editors redundant? A thought experiment along these lines suggests that editing tools are becoming editing agents — a future of tighter collaboration rather than replacement appears to be likely.
OHGE, Christopher. 2021. Publishing Scholarly Editions: Archives, Computing, and Experience.
Authors: Turnovsky Geoffrey
Published: September 2022

Book review.
Accounting Policies and Dividend Limitation: A European Comparison
Authors: Le Manh Anne
Published: September 2022

The adoption of IFRS by the EU has raised issues about its economic consequences in terms of, among others, volatility of corporate profits, taxation of profit and distribution of dividends. Indeed, it has brought the interactions between legal rules for dividend distribution and accounting policies back into focus. The EU company and accounting regulations are based on capital maintenance rules that involve limitations on dividend distribution when certain accounting policies are implemented in individual financial statements under local GAAP. However, while a majority of member states permit IFRS for individual financial statements, the EU regulations are silent on this issue. In this article, we outline an in-depth analysis on legal dividend distribution rules interactions with accounting policies in European countries, whether local GAAP or IFRS are applied. We have selected nine cases of potential recognition of unrealised gains in individual financial statements under local GAAP and/or IFRS, some of which are already specified in the EU regulations. For each case, we have analysed the national accounting regulations and the corporate laws. Our analysis reveals that the limitations on dividend distributions recommended by the EU have been most largely implemented in the national regulations, but not in all countries. It also sheds light on potential loopholes in the current European regulation regarding unrealised gains that may be more systematically recognised under IFRS than under local GAAP: unrealised gains arising from the recognition of deferred tax assets and unrealised gains arising from benefit pensions plan. To fill these gaps in the national regulations and to harmonise the legal basis for dividend distribution better within the EU, we suggest including in the European regulation the concept of ‘realised profits’ and thus ‘distributable profits’ as a required basis for dividend distribution. It involves in the first place identifying relevant criteria that may enable disentangling realised and unrealised profits or losses.
Accounting Research’s “Flat Earth” Problem
Authors: Cready William M.
Published: September 2022

This essay advances the possibly startling notion that as a matter of largely conceptual understanding, the vast majority of accounting research’s empirical efforts concern tests of null hypotheses that are, a priori, false. Figuratively speaking, our journals specialize in providing compelling evidence that ‘the earth is not flat’. It further presents thoughts on the causes and consequences of this state of affairs. Moreover, while other fields also suffer from this ‘flat earth’ condition, it argues that as a field that specializes in issues surrounding the conveyance of useful information, the accounting academy should step up and take leadership on dealing with the problem. The essay closes by discussing how the field might venture forth from this sheltered approach to empirical inference and thereby enhance the discovery content of its empirical inquiries.
Growth Competitions on Spherically Symmetric Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Assouline Rotem
Published: September 2022

We propose a model for a growth competition between two subsets of a Riemannian manifold. The sets grow at two different rates, avoiding each other. It is shown that if the competition takes place on a surface which is rotationally symmetric about the starting point of the slower set, then if the surface is conformally equivalent to the Euclidean plane, the slower set remains in a bounded region, while if the surface is nonpositively curved and conformally equivalent to the hyperbolic plane, both sets may keep growing indefinitely.
A focusing study on radioprotective and antioxidant effects of Annona muricata leaf extract in the circulation and liver tissue: Clinical and experimental studies
Authors: Elmas Ozlem , Sahin Havva Hande Keser , Guven Berrak , Abuzaid Mohamed M. , Elshami Wiam , ALMisned Ghada , Zakaly Hesham M. H. , Ene Antoaneta , Tekin Huseyin Ozan
Published: September 2022

Objectives

This study investigates the effect of Annona muricata (AM) leaf extract against irradiation-induced damage by the evaluation of hepatic tissue and the levels of oxidative and inflammatory stress in the circulation.

Methods

An experimental study with 37 female Wistar albino rats randomized into four groups (controls and three intervention groups) was performed. The first interventional group (group 2) received 300 mg/kg of AM leaf extract by oral gavage once a day for 9 days, group 3 received a single dose of whole-body radiation (8.3 Gy) after a 9-day oral gavage treatment with saline, and the last group received the same irradiation of 8.3 Gy after being treated with 300 mg/kg of AM leaf extract by oral gavage once a day for 9 days.

Results

Radiation was found to elevate reactive oxygen species parameters, and AM administration before irradiation was found to decrease total oxidant status (TOS), increase caspase 9, and improve hepatic damage when compared with the group that received only irradiation.

Conclusion

The damage caused by irradiation may be ameliorated by the use of the AM extract, which appears to be effective in preventing oxidative stress and inflammatory activity.
Cultural capital as a background of media use and civic engagement
Authors: Jedrzejewski Stanislaw
Published: September 2022

This article outlines the relationship that cultural capital, which is identified as a media user’s education level, shares with news media consumption patterns, civic engagement, and cultural participation. The article’s findings are based on data gathered during a 2015 investigation on news media consumption conducted by a group of European researchers as part of a comparative research project, supplemented with data from a survey on a random sample of Polish citizens conducted in May 2019. The project for the empirical 2015 study aimed to examine the principles of building individual media repertoires as a representation of media usage patterns and experiences related to news media consumption.

The study focused on universal aspects of news media consumption, while simultaneously allowing for the discovery of aspects of news media use that are specific to the individual countries participating in the study: Germany, Denmark, Israel, Belgium-Fr., Belgium-Flanders, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Croatia, and Poland.
Measuring academic satisfaction in nursing students: a systematic review of the instruments
Authors: Rossini Silvia , Mazzotta Rocco , Kangasniemi Mari , Badolamenti Sondra , Macale Loreana , Sili Alessandro , Vellone Ercole , Alvaro Rosaria , Bulfone Giampiera
Published: September 2022

Student academic satisfaction is one of the most important factors affecting the success and quality of a higher education institute and is an indicator about teaching and learning. This study aims to summarize and critically evaluate the instruments assessing academic satisfaction in nursing education. A systematic review was undertaken, PRISMA were used for the screening of studies. MEDLINE, Cochrane, Scopus and CINAHL were searched using MeSH terms; seven eligible articles were identified referring to five assessment tools. COSMIN was used for evaluation of the methodological of the instruments. The systematic review identified five satisfaction measurement tools used in nursing education. The analysis of the instruments rarely considered a confirmative validity structure, measurement error or criterion validity. The best available instrument was the Nursing Students Satisfaction Scale (NSSS) for validation methodology; however, it needs further validation studies that consider CFA, reliability, criteria validity, hypothesis testing and measurement error.
Liver and heart failure: an ultrasound relationship
Authors: Lombardi Anna , Gambardella Michele , Palermi Stefano , Frecentese Francesca , Serio Alessandro , Sperlongano Simona , Tavarozzi Rita , D’andrea Antonello , De Luca Massimo , Politi Cecilia
Published: September 2022

Liver and heart are anatomically and patho-physiologically related. In heart failure (HF) the increased right atrial pressure and volume overload cause histological changes in hepatocytes, leading to a condition known as “congestive hepatopathy” (CH), with consequent variations in liver functioning and ultrasound (US) findings. CH has specifical US findings especially regarding venous vessels aspect, easily detecting by gray-scale study, but many others can be distinguished by Doppler analysis. Usually, hepatic veins look enlarged and hypocollassing, together with signs of portal hypertension (hepatomegaly, ascites, splenomegaly, porto-systemic collaterals). Typically, in CH Doppler findings regard alterations in venous vessel flow and arterial resistance (venous system hyperpulsatility, reduced velocity flow, high resistance index in hepatic arterial Doppler spectrum). Sometimes CH and other primary hepatopathy can coexist, and therefore some of the expected variations may not manifest: it allows suspecting an unknown underlying liver disease. At last, US technologies of more recent applications, even if not routinely used, allow investigating additional aspects such as elastography that detects changes in liver elasticity or contrastographic US, able to show differences in hepatic venous opacification. However, most of these US signs are not pathognomonic, and therefore a multidisciplinary clinical reasoning must not be lacking. The aim of the present review is to easily provide US signs of liver alterations in HF, in particular right heart failure with volume overload, suggesting including liver US in instrumental diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of HF.
Association of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) with lead and cadmium concentrations in biological samples of children and women: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rahmani Raouf , Nakhaee Samaneh , Sharafi Kiomars , Rezaei Zaynab , Mansouri Borhan , Amirabadizadeh Alireza
Published: September 2022

Objectives

Previous literature has shown that heavy metals (HMs) in cigarette smoke have been overestimated, and second-hand smoke (SHS) has recently raised public concern. This study aimed to review the effects of passive tobacco exposure on lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) concentrations of children and women in different biological samples.

Content

In this systematic review, two independent researchers assessed different databases/search engines including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar using Mesh terms and Text Words. Studies between January 2000 and May 2022 were included. After quality assessment, studies with sufficient data were included in the meta-analysis. A fixed or random model was used to pool the results in a meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between the studies was assessed by using I-square and Q tests. Forest plots demonstrating the point and pooled estimates were provided.

A total of 976 studies were obtained from different databases and finally 17 studies meet our criteria and were included in our systematic review. Out of 17 studies, six studies had sufficient data for analysis and were included in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed a significant difference in blood lead concentrations (BLC) between the children with SHS exposure and the control group (Hedges’ g: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.01–3.86, p<0.05). Also, there were significant differences in hair levels of Cd (Hedges’ g: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.04, 1.28, p<0.05) and Pb (Hedges’ g: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.05, 1.83, p<0.05) between children with SHS exposure compared to the control group.

Outlook

The results of the present meta-analysis showed that passive smokers had higher Pb and Cd concentrations than those who were not exposed to cigarette smoke.
Progressively Decreased HCN1 Channels Results in Cone Morphological Defects in Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Han Ruyi , Jin Mengmeng , Xu Gezhi , He Jie
Published: September 2022

Historically, diabetic retinopathy has been recognized as a vascular disease. Recent clinical evidence suggests the initiation of diabetic retinopathy with neuropathy rather than microangiopathy. However, the molecular mechanism that drives diabetic retinopathy-associated neuropathy remains mostly unexplored. Here, we reported progressive diabetic retinopathy defects in blood glucose levels, shortening of cone segments and uncoupled appearance of retinal vascular abnormalities frompdx1+/−mutantszebrafish to glucose-treatedpdx1+/−mutantszebrafish of both sexes. Further single-cell transcriptomic analysis revealed cones as the most vulnerable retinal neuron type that underwent three developmentally progressive cell states (States 1-3), predominantly present in WT animals,pdx1+/−mutants, and glucose-treatedpdx1+/−mutants, respectively. Mechanistically, the expression ofhcn1was progressively decreased in cones during its transition from State 1 to State 3. Furthermore, genetichcn1disruption resulted in similar cone segment defects found in the diabetic retinopathy model, suggesting the involvement of progressivehcn1reduction in diabetic retinopathy-associated cone defects. Thus, our study provided a vertebrate retina model representing progressive diabetic retinopathy defects and further gained new mechanistic insights into the cone morphologic defects as an early neuropathy in diabetic retinopathy.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe create a vertebrate retina model representing the progressive diabetic retinopathy-associated defects using zebrafish. Further systematic single-cell transcriptome analysis reveals two novel cell states of cones in response to different levels of higher glucose and the progressive decrease of HCN1 channels as a mechanism underlying cone defects in diabetic retinopathy.
A non‐canonical scaffold‐type E3 ligase complex mediates protein UFMylation
Authors: Peter Joshua J , Magnussen Helge M , DaRosa Paul A , Millrine David , Matthews Stephen P , Lamoliatte Frederic , Sundaramoorthy Ramasubramanian , Kopito Ron R , Kulathu Yogesh
Published: September 2022

Protein UFMylation, i.e., post‐translational modification with ubiquitin‐fold modifier 1 (UFM1), is essential for cellular and endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis. Despite its biological importance, we have a poor understanding of how UFM1 is conjugated onto substrates. Here, we use a rebuilding approach to define the minimal requirements of protein UFMylation. We find that the reported cognate E3 ligase UFL1 is inactive on its own and instead requires the adaptor protein UFBP1 to form an active E3 ligase complex. Structure predictions suggest the UFL1/UFBP1 complex to be made up of winged helix (WH) domain repeats. We show that UFL1/UFBP1 utilizes a scaffold‐type E3 ligase mechanism that activates the UFM1‐conjugating E2 enzyme, UFC1, for aminolysis. Further, we characterize a second adaptor protein CDK5RAP3 that binds to and forms an integral part of the ligase complex. Unexpectedly, we find that CDK5RAP3 inhibits UFL1/UFBP1 ligase activity in vitro. Results from reconstituting ribosome UFMylation suggest that CDK5RAP3 functions as a substrate adaptor that directs UFMylation to the ribosomal protein RPL26. In summary, our reconstitution approach reveals the biochemical basis of UFMylation and regulatory principles of this atypical E3 ligase complex.
The Lunge of Global Ideologies: The Challenges of Pancasila Ideology Education in the Middle of Global Existence in the Era of Globalization
Authors: Mukaromah Siti Afifatul , Gusmawan Ari , Munandar Jeremiah
Published: September 2022

Global ideology brings many impacts for the development of a nation's character, especially the younger generation. In the midst of various ideologies that are often not in line with cultural values and national principles, nationalism education is considered to be a middle way as a form for the younger generation in the midst of global ideological attacks. This paper aims to analyze the role of nationalism education in becoming a bulwark of global ideology for the younger generation in three countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. This study looks at how Pancasila Education, Moral and Character Education, and National Education are able to have a significant impact on strengthening the character of young people. This study uses a mixed approach between empirical and normative, where this research study focuses on nationalism and nationalism education in fortifying young people. Several previous studies on the role of Pancasila Education have been carried out, but none of these studies compare the practice in several countries with different state ideologies and concepts, therefore this research has a high level of urgency and novelty. This study found that Pancasila Education, which is widely practiced in several countries other than Indonesia, is included in Nationalism and Nationality Education, National Ideology Education, and Moral and Character Education as one of the educations that must be taken by students in formal education at all levels of education. In addition, the model of education is adapted to the needs of each school, level of education, and students. This study also emphasizes that this type of education has a significant impact on strengthening the character and sense of nationalism in young people.
Pancasila Character Education for Millennials in Higher Education: The Future Challenges for Indonesia in Global Prespective
Authors: Khoirina Nur Jannatul , Al-Majiid Faqih Hakim , Great Keylie Alisah
Published: September 2022

Globalization is a global process with all the speed of change and rapid technological development. The current of globalization brings many positive impacts. All forms of cultural, language and news information can be spread very quickly through offline and online media in the era of globalization. But besides the positive impact, there are also negative impacts. Among them are many generations of people who are influenced by western culture that are not in accordance with national culture, the spread of hoaxes that contain false news, to the occurrence of moral crises. Pancasila character education is an effort to cultivate character based on the practice of the principles of the Pancasila which gives noble values ​​to the attitudes and behavior of each individual. Pancasila as a guideline for Indonesian citizens should be practiced properly in daily life. Millennials live in an era of globalization with the sophistication of digital technology. They are used to all digital convenience access. But it cannot be denied that the moral crisis has hit the millennial generation. This can be seen from the rise of cases of sexual harassment, murder, and theft by students who in fact are millennial generations in universities. The purpose of the research in this article is to analyze the important role of character education based on Pancasila in facing the challenges of globalization towards millennial generations in universities.
Tauhid View Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu: Intellectual History Study of Lombok Theologian Central Figure
Authors: Tohri Ahmad , Rasyad Abdul , Habibuddin Habibuddin , Zulkarnain Zulkarnain
Published: September 2022

Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu (TGU) was one of the pioneers and a central figure born in the era of the teacher-teaching of the Sasak-Lombok community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the monotheistic view of TGU as the central figure of Lombok clerics in the study of intellectual history. The research method used is the historical method, which is a process of critically analyzing records and experiences or relics of the past. The results showed that TGU as a teacher early generation was born from a family that has a breed very strong with the Islamic Selaparang Kingdom by mastering religious knowledge broadly and deeply which was obtained from scholars in Lombok, the archipelago, and the world. The wisdom of TGU is reflected in the book of monotheism written at the age of ± 25 years, with the title Manzarul Amrad. The systematic thinking, perspective, and narrative style are unique in writing the book of monotheism that distinguishes it from other scholars. The monotheistic view of TGU has an impact on strengthening Islam, especially strengthening the faith of the Sasak-Islamic community. Instilling the spirit of jihad fi sabilillah, the Sasak people fought against the Balinese and Dutch rulers. TGU is involved in the dialectic of Islamic intellectuals through a network of teachers, friends, and students in Lombok, the archipelago, and even the Islamic world.Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu (TGU) merupakan salah seorang perintis dan tokoh sentral kelahiran era ke-tuan guru-an masyarakat Sasak-Lombok. Tujuan penelitian menganalisis pandangan tauhid TGU sebagai tokoh sentral ulama Lombok dalam kajian sejarah intelektual. Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode sejarah, yaitu suatu proses menganalisis secara kritis rekaman dan pengalaman atau peninggalan masa lampau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan TGU sebagai tuan guru generasi awal terlahir dari keluarga yang memiliki trah sangat kuat dengan Kerajaan Selaparang Islam dengan menguasai ilmu agama secara luas dan mendalam yang diperoleh dari para ulama di Lombok, Nusantara, dan dunia. Kealiman TGU tercermin dari kitab tauhid ditulis pada usia ±25 tahun, dengan judul Manzarul Amrad. Sistematika berpikir, cara pandang, dan gaya narasi merupakan keunikan dalam menulis kitab tauhid yang membedakannya dengan ulama-ulama lain. Pandangan tauhid TGU berdampak terhadap penguatan keislaman terutama peneguhan akidah masyarakat Islam-Sasak. Menanamkan semangat jihad fi sabilillah rakyat Sasak melakukan perlawanan pada penguasa Bali dan Belanda. TGU terlibat dalam dialektika intelektual keislaman melalui jaringan guru, sahabat, dan murid di Lombok, Nusantara, bahkan dunia Islam.Cite this article: Tohri, A., Rasyad, A. Habibuddin, Zulkarnain (2022). Tauhid View Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu: Intellectual History Study of Lombok Theologian Central Figure. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(1), 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.26636
Whispers from The Forest, Local wisdom in forest conservation and utilization
Authors: Witasari Nina
Published: September 2022

Forest utilization and conservation have become a serious problem faced by many countries in the world. Forests in Java have been exploited massively since colonial rule. Exploitation not only by the colonial government but also by the indigenous rulers. Of course, this exploitation has a big impact on the ecology of Java's forests, which then experience a decline in quality and the loss of several forest areas. Behind all the chaos that occurs in forest management in Java, people instinctively have a mechanism to manage and preserve the forest where they live and make a living. The mechanism in question is to use traditions and myths that have grown and developed in society. This research is social history research, which explores the historical sources of Javanese forestry and relates to social changes that occur in society. The method used is the historical research method and is equipped with information obtained from interviews with some informants. From the results of the research conducted, it can be seen that the Javanese people, especially those who still live around the forest, are currently carrying out traditions related to forest maintenance. Although the forest area is shrinking, the tradition is still carried out, for reasons of cultural and economic preservation.Pemanfaatan dan konservasi hutan telah menjadi masalah serius yang dihadapi oleh banyak negara di dunia. Hutan di Jawa telah dieksploitasi secara besar-besaran sejak pemerintahan kolonial. Eksploitasi tidak hanya dilakukan oleh pemerintah kolonial tetapi juga oleh penguasa pribumi. Tentu saja eksploitasi ini berdampak besar terhadap ekologi hutan Jawa yang kemudian mengalami penurunan kualitas dan hilangnya beberapa kawasan hutan. Di balik semua kekacauan yang terjadi dalam pengelolaan hutan di Jawa, masyarakat secara naluriah memiliki mekanisme untuk mengelola dan melestarikan hutan tempat mereka hidup dan mencari nafkah. Mekanisme yang dimaksud adalah dengan menggunakan tradisi dan mitos yang telah tumbuh dan berkembang di masyarakat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sejarah sosial, yang menggali sumber-sumber sejarah kehutanan Jawa dan berkaitan dengan perubahan sosial yang terjadi di masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah dan dilengkapi dengan informasi yang diperoleh dari wawancara dengan beberapa informan. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa masyarakat Jawa khususnya yang masih tinggal di sekitar hutan saat ini menjalankan tradisi yang berkaitan dengan pemeliharaan hutan. Meski luas hutan semakin menyusut, tradisi tersebut tetap dilakukan, dengan alasan pelestarian budaya dan ekonomi.Cite this article: Witasari, N. (2022). Whispers from the Forest: Local Wisdom in forest Conservation and Utilization. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(1), 23-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.27173
The Historical Narrative for Indonesia as A Multiethnic State: A Methodological Exploration
Authors: Purwanta Hieronymus
Published: September 2022

This study aims to analyze Indonesian historiography for education from a methodological perspective. The main problem raised was what historical narratives are suitable for the Indonesia as a multiethnic state? This research analyzes the historiography for education published along the New Order period (1967-1998) to the Reformation era (1998-now). The approach used was hermeneutic developed by Heidegger and Gadamer. They view that an audience is a crucial person in interpreting historical narrative. The historiographical study results indicate that the historical narrative developed did not represent objective, deterministic, and monolithic. This study not only criticized the Indonesian history narrative that was published but also offered the use of Inter-Ethnics Relations and 'History from within' approach as the solution. The inter-Ethnics Relations approach highlights the intensity of positive interactions between ethnics to eliminate prejudice and conflict. On the other hand, history from within approach makes historical events understood as representations of the socio-cultural system. Historical action is interpreted and understood as an effort to realize the ideal life order under historical actors' values and culture. Through these two approaches, the historical narrative makes sense for people from all ethnicities as citizens of the Indonesia.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis historiografi Indonesia untuk pendidikan dari perspektif metodologis. Masalah utama yang diangkat adalah narasi sejarah apa yang cocok untuk Indonesia sebagai negara multietnis? Penelitian ini menganalisis historiografi pendidikan yang diterbitkan pada masa Orde Baru (1967-1998) hingga era Reformasi (1998-sekarang). Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah hermeneutik yang dikembangkan oleh Heidegger dan Gadamer. Mereka memandang bahwa penonton adalah orang yang sangat penting dalam menafsirkan narasi sejarah. Hasil kajian historiografis menunjukkan bahwa narasi sejarah yang dikembangkan tidak merepresentasikan objektif, deterministik, dan monolitik. Kajian ini tidak hanya mengkritisi narasi sejarah Indonesia yang diterbitkan tetapi juga menawarkan penggunaan Hubungan Antar Etnis dan pendekatan 'Sejarah dari dalam' sebagai solusinya. Pendekatan Hubungan Antar Etnis menyoroti intensitas interaksi positif antar etnis untuk menghilangkan prasangka dan konflik. Di sisi lain, pendekatan sejarah dari dalam membuat peristiwa sejarah dipahami sebagai representasi dari sistem sosial budaya. Tindakan sejarah dimaknai dan dipahami sebagai upaya mewujudkan tatanan kehidupan yang ideal di bawah nilai dan budaya pelaku sejarah. Melalui dua pendekatan ini, narasi sejarah masuk akal bagi orang-orang dari semua etnis sebagai warga negara Indonesia.Cite this article: Purwanta, H. (2022). The Historical Narrative for Indonesia as A Multiethnic State: A Methodological Exploration. Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 32(1), 117-126. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v32i1.31124