bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PROLONGED AIR LEAK AFTER LUNG RESECTION
Authors: Korymasov E A , Benyan A S
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to analyze the causes of postoperative air leak and to propose a therapeutic and diagnostic algorithm for this complication. Material and methods. The study includes the analysis of the prolonged air leak causes after various lung resections, the classification of the causes according to their affiliation, the designed definitions of basic concepts. Results. The most common causes of prolonged air leakage are the incompetence of the lung resection line, the undetected (unresolved) cause of pneumothorax, the inadequate drainage system function. Various tactical approaches to this problem were described. Depending on the effectiveness of the auxiliary techniques, the indications for repeated operations were determined. Conclusion. Knowledge of the causes of postoperative prolonged pathological air leak is the basis for the optimal management of patients after lung resection.
ESOPHAGEAL INJURY CAUSED BY THE SPINE DEFORMITY CORRECTION USING VARIOUS TECHNIQUES OF SPINAL FIXATION
Authors: Pushkin S Yu , Belokonev V I , Abashkin N Yu , Shcherbakov D A , Ayrapetova M P
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to improve the surgical treatment results in patients with injuries of the esophagus after the elimination of deformation of a vertebral column with metal devices. Material and methods. From 2001 to 2018 we treated 17 patients with esophageal injury appeared as a result of cervical vertebras fixation with metal devices - in 12 patients to correct their instability due to the traumatic compression fractures and in 5 patients having the herniated discs with the spinal channel compression. 12 patients underwent the urgent operation, 5 patients - the delayed or planned one. Three mechanisms of esophageal injury were defined: 5 patients had the first type of injury, 8 - the second type, 4 - the third type. The patients were operated on after the diagnosis confirmation. The operation was aimed at the removal of the metal device from the collum and the closure of the esophagus wall defect. Tactics of treatment of the esophageal injuries depended on the alterations in its paries, the size of the defect, the nature of the trauma and the mediastinitis prevalence. In 8 patients the primary suture of the esophagus was applied. In 9 patients with decubituses of the esophagus and the large size of the defect we applied the partial suturing of the defect and the transesophageal drainage of the fistula and mediastinum, strengthening the injured zone with a muscle on the pedicle. Results. First intention healing was achieved in 5 patients of the 8 ones who underwent the esophagus wall suturing without a fistula transesophageal drainage. The partial suture incompetence occurred in 3 cases and it required the transesophageal drainage through the defect in the esophagus wall. The external tubular esophageal fistula formed in 12 patients. After the drainage removal the fistula closed in 10 cases. One of the 17 patients died of the multiple organ failure and sepsis. Conclusion. Injuries of the esophagus caused by the metal devices fixing the unstable vertebras have the clinical features depending on the installation time. The suturing of the esophageal defect and the suture strengthening m. sternocleidomastoideus on the pedicle supplemented by a through lumenal transesophageal drainage have advantage in comparison with the esophageal wall suturing without drainage.
MALE REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN CONCURRENT VIBRATION DISEASE AND ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Babanov Sergey A. , Baraeva Rimma A.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to study the severity of androgen deficiency and erectile dysfunction in patients with vibration disease and in its combination with arterial hypertension. Material and methods. 145 male patients with various forms of vibration disease were thoroughly examined. The following groups were defined - I stage and II stage vibration disease induced by local vibration; II stage, induced by local vibration with concurrent arterial hypertension; I and II stage vibration disease induced by whole body vibration; II stage vibration disease induced by whole body vibration with concurrent arterial hypertension. The control group included 30 patients. Evaluation of erectile function in men with vibration disease and its combination with arterial hypertension was carried out using the scale of severity of erectile dysfunction (International Index of Erectile Function, IIEF-5). The questionnaire for detection of androgen deficiency (Dedov II, Kalinchenko SYu, 2006) and the AMS (aging males' symptoms) questionnaire assisted in revealing the symptoms of aging in men. Results. According to the IIEF-5 questionnaire results the erectile dysfunction was defined in patients with vibration disease, most pronounced in II stage of vibration disease induced by whole body vibration and in vibration disease of any etiology with concurrent arterial hypertension. AMS-questionnaire presented the most expressed signs of androgen deficiency in patients with II stage of vibration disease induced by whole body vibration and in vibration disease of any etiology with concurrent arterial hypertension (p
ANALYSIS OF HEMODYNAMICS AND STATE OF THE HEAD AND NECK VESSELS IN PATIENTS WITH GNATIC FORM OF MALOCCLUSION CLASS III BEFORE AND AFTER THE ORTHOGNATIC SURGERY (CLINICAL CASE)
Authors: Postnikov Mikhail A. , Andrianov Dmitrii A. , Osadchaya Evgeniya I. , Malkina Viktoriya D.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to evaluate and compare the hemodynamics and the condition of the head and neck vessels in patients with gnathic form of malocclusion class III before and after the orthognathic surgery on the lower jaw; to find the relationship between the disturbance in blood flow and the occlusal pathology. Material and methods. We examined an 18-year-old female patient with gnathic form of malocclusion class III who previously had received the orthodontic treatment. An operation on the lower jaw was performed. We used X-ray (orthopantomography (OPT), teleradiography), cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and functional diagnostic methods (Doppler ultrasonography of the head and neck vessels) before and after surgery on the lower jaw. Results. After the surgery on the lower jaw there were changes in angular and linear parameters in the patient with malocclusion class III according to the teleradiography data. We also detected local hemodynamically significant effects using Doppler ultrasonography. Conclusion. We can recommend this new method that improves the quality of diagnosis of maxillofacial anomalies and the state of hemodynamics of the head and neck vessels to dentists of various specialties.
COMBINED APPROACH TO CLINICAL CLASSIFICATION OF CHRONIC PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY IN PERINATAL PERIOD: SETTING STANDARD IN DIAGNOSTIC AND OBSTETRIC MANAGEMENT
Authors: Tezikov Yurii V. , Lipatov Igor' S. , Gogel Lyudmila Yu. , Azamatov Amir R. , Ermetov Valibek K.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to implement both a new clinical classification of chronic placental insufficiency (CPI) and a new complex rating scale based on calculation of an integral indicator of compensatory-adaptive placental reactions in order to improve perinatal outcomes. Material and methods. We examined 154 pregnant women with high risk of severe placental insufficiency (PI) in whom the markers of apoptosis, endothelial dysfunction, cell transformation and energy exchange were detected in gestation weeks 18-24 and 28-38 via blood analysis. It served the basis for development of the CPI severity rating scale. Diagnostic correlations in 359 pregnant women with various clinical and morphological manifestation of chronic PI allowed us to develop an original method of diagnosing the severity of this complication. Results and Discussion. The sequential changes in placenta in CPI ("placenta dysfunction" ^ "decompensated PI" ^ "progressive decompensated PI" ^ "acute PI") formed the basis of a new CPI clinical classification. The final indicator was calculated according to the complex point scale. The indicator's value from 1 to 3 points corresponds to placental dysfunction; the decompensated PI is diagnosed at 4 to 9 points; at 10 to 13 points - progressive decompensated PI; starting from 14 points - acute PI. The absence of PI is reported if the value of the final indicator scores zero. Conclusion. Setting a standard in the CPI diagnostic makes it 39% more accurate in severe PI, improves the perinatal outcomes by 60%, helps to avoid the disabling conditions in the neonates. High informativity and reliability of the developed PI severity rating diagnostic method was confirmed within the evidence-based medicine approach.
A new method of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy
Authors: Volov Nikolay V.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to improve the quality of surgical treatment of patients with chronic dacryocystitis. Material and methods. Six people participated in the study. All the examined and operated patients were diagnosed with chronic dacryocystitis. The patients' examination included the consultation of an ophthalmologists, an otolaryngologist, and an internist, a CT scan of nose, paranasal sinuses, nasolacrimal canal, a video endoscopic study of the nasal cavity. Each patient had indications for surgery. An endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy was performed under the control of video endoscopic technique using the N.V. Volov's Elevator. The surgical approach - via the inferior nasal meatus, under the inferior nasal concha. The surgical method - breaking out of the bone window is performed by turning the elevator medially from the side of the lachrymal sac into the nasal cavity. Results. There were no intraoperative complications. The operation time was less than five minutes. The treatment was carried out on an outpatient basis. During the follow-up period (2-6 months) no relapses were registered. These facts can be regarded as the advantages of this method of surgical treatment of dacryocystitis. Conclusion. The method of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy, performed through the inferior nasal meatus using an elevator, significantly reduces the time of formation of the bone window and the imposition of the anastomosis between the lachrymal sac and the nasal cavity. The process of intraoperative search for the projection of the nasolacrimal canal simplifies. It also reduces the wound surface and shortens the rehabilitation period.
Evaluation of mucociliary clearance in the postoperative period after a maxillary sinus surgery
Authors: Mareev Oleg V. , Mareev Gleb O. , Fedosov Ivan V. , Ermakov Igor Yu.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - evaluation of the local function of the mucociliary clearance (MCC) in the postoperative period in patients with foreign bodies in the maxillary sinuses, who have undergone various surgical treatment. Material and methods. Using an original analysis technique for highspeed digital video recording of a microscopic picture of a specimen, obtained by brush biopsy from specific regions of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus under endoscopic control, the MCC of the nasal mucosa was evaluated in the control group (n=60) and in the group of patients, who received various surgery (n=60) of maxillary sinuses. Results. We obtained the data on persistent and apparent local MCC disorders in the field of the surgical intervention in the postoperative period. Conclusion. Surgical interventions with access not in the area of the natural ostium of the maxillary sinus are more gentle, since they do not injure the mucociliary clearance in the key region - the ostium.
The results of hearing impairment diagnostics in schoolchildren of 1-11 forms
Authors: Machalov Anton S. , Sapognikov Yakov M. , Kreisman Mariya V. , Balakina Anna V. , Karpov Vitaliy L.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to analyze the results of the screening of hearing impairment (audiological screening) in schoolchildren of grades 1-11, and to identify the need to expand the stages of audiological screening. Material and methods. The study included 216 pupils from the 1st up to the 11th forms. During the study, in all the children, the following procedures were carried out: otoscopy, acoustic impedancemetry, registration of delayed evoked otoacoustic emission, assessment of speech intelligibility, questioning the parents about the presence and frequency of ENT diseases and signs of hearing loss. Results. The positive results in the registration of delayed evoked otoacoustic emission correlated with the number of episodes of ENT diseases. In most cases, when detecting instrumental deviations from the normal state of the auditory analyzer, the parents noted the child's difficulties in learning and communication, but did not seek medical help. Conclusion. The hearing impairment screening allows for the timely detection of the initial manifestations of hearing impairment of any etiology in children of different age groups. It is advisable to conduct screening examination of hearing impairment in pupils of 1-11 forms, in order to prevent the persistent hearing loss. In case of the detection of the initial signs of the auditory system pathology, the timely rehabilitation of such patients is recommended.
Motivation of medical personnel as an important element of personnel management
Authors: Petrova Natalya G. , Pogosyan Sarkis G.
Published: October 2020

Objective - to analyze the structure of motivational attitudes of nurse personnel and their career orientations. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of three multidisciplinary medical organizations in St. Petersburg. Nurses were asked to complete two questionnaires, including an assessment of motivation and career orientations. The total number of questionnaires processed was 162. The average length of service of the respondents was 10.5 years. According to age, the respondents were distributed as follows: 62.0% were people aged 20-29 years, approximately equal shares were people 30-39 years old (18.6%) and 40 years and older (19.4%). The study of the motivation of professional activity was carried out according to the methodology of K. Zamfir (modified by A. Rean). Also, the methodology used to diagnose the value orientations in the career was ''Career Anchors'' (the method of E. Shein in adaptation by V.A. Chiker and V.E. Vinokurov). The questionnaires contain certain points and clues, allowing one to evaluate, respectively, the nature of motivation and preferred orientations. The statistical processing of collected data was performed with the Microsoft Office 2016 programs: Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel. Results. It was established that in the structure of motivation, 40.2% is an external positive motivation (positive incentives in the organization), 30.1% is an internal motivation (satisfaction with work and its results), 19.7% is an external negative motivation (punishment). The main value orientations in a career are as follows. In the first place - the integration of lifestyles (in 73.2% of cases, this orientation scored maximum points); on the second -stability of work (62.0%); in the third place - ministry (52.4%). The ratio of value orientations varies somewhat among people of different ages. Conclusion. The identified features of motivation and value orientations of nurses should be taken into account both as a whole (to develop a system of motivation in the organization) and personally, taking into account the individual characteristics of each employee. The study of motivation should be carried out by psychologists of medical organizations, and the results should be transmitted to managers to form a reasonable personnel policy.
Gender specificity in the interpretation of treatment results for patients with colorectal cancer in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Gataullin Bulat I. , Khasanov Rustem Sh. , Savelev Anatolii A. , Gataullin Ilgiz G.
Published: October 2020

Objective - to identify the gender-specific features of modeling the prognosis of treatment outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Materials and methods. The study included 654 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who were treated from 2013 to 2015, of which 434 were men, 220 were women. The average age of the patients was 64.1±10.2 years. All patients underwent genetic analysis for the presence of a mutation in the KRAS gene from the primary tumor. Results. The gender approach to assessing the long-term results of treatment of patients with CRC showed that in men with colorectal cancer, the most favorable treatment results were observed in patients with tumors in stage T 1-2 N0 M0, regardless of the differentiation of the tumor and its mutational status. In men, poorly differentiated tumors with any T, with the presence of regional metastases and a mutation of the KRAS gene, even in the absence of distant metastases, should be considered prognostically unfavorable: not a single patient lived for 5 years. In women, based on the decision tree analysis, the most favorable treatment results were observed in patients with tumors in the stage T 1-2-3 N0 M0 under the age of 70 years (five-year survival rate of 90%), with tumors T 1-2 N0 M0 - over the age of 70 years (five-year survival of 81.8%), regardless of the differentiation of the tumor and its mutational status. Tumors of any differentiation of the T3-4 N0 stage with the presence of distant metastases (5% of patients lived for 5 years) and poorly differentiated T4N0M0 tumors (five-year survival of 8%) are prognostically unfavorable for women. Conclusion. The study of gender and age-related features of the development and course of CRC is relevant for oncologists to select effective diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitation measures.
New pathomorphological classification of subdural hematomas
Authors: Nedugov German V. , Fedorina Tatyana A.
Published: October 2020

Objective - to develop a pathomorphological classification of subdural hematomas, which reflects the aspects of their pathogenesis and time of occurrence that are important for forensic analysis. Materials and methods. The study is based on a prospective pathomorphological analysis of the qualitative evolution of 200 of subdural hematomas in closed and open non-penetrating craniocerebral trauma. Results. The new pathomorphological classification of subdural hematomas is developed. It takes into account a hierarchical sequence of hematoma characteristics: the presence and severity of organization; the genesis of encapsulation and resorption, and the mechanism of organization. Conclusion. The developed pathomorphological classification is recommended for use in the course of forensic or medical expert analysis of subdural hematomas.
Comparative antibiotic resistance of S. aureus strains isolated in surgical and therapeutic departments of hospitals
Authors: Zhyltsou Ivan V.
Published: October 2020

Objectives - to identify the characteristics of resistance of clinical isolates of S. aureus, obtained in hospitals of various specialization, to beta-lactam antibiotics, and to improve recommendations for empirical etiotropic therapy prescribed to patients with staphylococcal infections. Materials and methods. The subject of the study is the clinical isolates of S. aureus received from patients hospitalized to Vitebsk Regional Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital "therapeutic" isolates, n=117) and purulent surgery departments and intensive care units of Vitebsk Regional Clinical Hospital ("surgical" isolates, n=111) in 2016-2017 years. Methods for the study of antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates of S. aureus: disk diffusion method, method for determining the beta-lactamase activity of bacterial suspension using the "BioLactam" test system. Results. It was found, that 80.6% of the therapeutic isolates and 73.2% of the surgical isolates were resistant to the 1st generation penicillins. 5.4% of therapeutic isolates and 34% of surgical isolates were resistant to inhibitor-protected beta-lactams. 36.8% of surgical isolates and no therapeutic isolates were resistant to cephalosporins of the 3rd generation. No MRSA were detected among the therapeutic isolates, and among the surgical isolates the prevalence of MRSA was 30.5%. 93.3% of therapeutic isolates of S. aureus did not show any beta-lactamase activity. Among surgical isolates there were only 34.4% of such isolates. Direct Spearman's correlations of moderate strength were revealed between the levels of beta-lactamase activity of S. aureus isolates, the duration of hospitalization and febrile period, as well as between the isolation of MRSA and the duration of hospitalization, fever and diarrheal syndrome. Conclusion. The use of inhibitor-protected penicillins and 3rd generation cephalosporins is recommended for empirical antibiotic therapy of "therapeutic" infections caused by S. aureus. Reserve antibiotics with selective antistaphylococcal activity (such as glycopeptides or oxazolidinones) are required for empirical antibacterial therapy of staphylococcal infections in surgical departments and resuscitation units
Stages and methods of legalization of criminal proceeds obtained as a result of economic and tax crimes
Authors: Ivanov Pyotr
Published: October 2020

In this article, based on the study and analysis of operational-search legislation, scientific publications, law enforcement practice and the criminal situation in the field of legalization, the operationalsearch counteraction to the legalization of income received from the Commission of tax crimes is considered. The paper focuses on the stages (stages) of laundering, the existing points of view on this account, as well as on the methods of illegal withdrawal of funds abroad. The author of the article aimed to develop scientifically based proposals and recommendations for improving the effectiveness of this type of activity by the territorial bodies of internal Affairs and their divisions of economic security and anti-corruption. It is proposed to put forward and work out operational search versions within the subject of study, as well as to develop, taking into account the methods (schemes) used by criminals to launder criminal proceeds and illegally withdraw funds abroad for the purpose of their subsequent legalization, operational search measures to document their criminal actions. In addition, the author recommends constant monitoring of money laundering methods based on operational and investigative practices. The results and key conclusions formulated in this article can be used in the theory and practice of operational investigative activities of internal Affairs bodies to counteract the legalization of income received from tax crimes.
Activities of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Novopavlovskaya Elena
Published: October 2020

Even during the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) all courts including the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation carried out their activities. However, the format of their functioning has become different than before. The conditions of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) forced a great deal of organisations to pass to a different operating mode, encouraged them to speed up digitalization processes, including the implementation of the main stages of digitalization of justice, comprising the provision of electronic access to judicial acts, the replacement of paper-based protocols with audio protocols, the regulation of convenient electronic document flow as well as a stable and accessible video conferencing system in courts, the formation of an accessible and convenient system of tracking delays of court hearings and adopted judicial acts, etc. The article gives the monitoring results of the practice of judicial constitutional regulation during the coronavirus pandemic, emphasizes the study of the essence of controversial legal relations. Based on the results obtained, the author comes to the conclusion that even in atypical, difficult conditions for the whole country and the entire world, citizens and their associations expressed dissatisfaction with the regulation of relations of various industry branches, urging the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation to remove unconstitutional norms from the legal space, to eliminate problems of a law-making nature, which are the causes of problems of law enforcement practice.
Implementasi Alat Perajang Rumput Gajah di Desa Mentaraman Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Mujiono  , Sujianto  , Hardianto
Published: October 2020

Tim abdimas melakukan pertemuan untuk membahas pelaksanaan yang akan dilakukan oleh tim untuk melakukan survey kelokasi peternak sapi yang akan dijadikan obyek untuk abdimas. Tujuan dari survey ini untuk mengetahui apa saja yang dibutuhkan oleh para peternak sapi, hasilnya informasi yang diperoleh dari peternak sapi adalah sering terjadinya kecelakaan dalam melakukan perajangan rumput gajah yang akan dipergunakan untuk makan ternak tersebut karena masih menggunakan alat sederhana yaitu menggunakan sabit.

            Kondisi yang terjadi pada peternak sapi tersebut maka tim abdimas akan mengembangkan perancangan pembuaan alat perajang rumput gajah dengan menggunakan kaidah ergonomi (aman dan nyaman), dengan tujuan agar supaya peternak lebih mudah untuk perajangan dan ternak mudah untuk menguyah ,serta peternak menghidari sering terjadinya kecelakaan  sehingga pekerjaan perajangan lebih effisien dapat menghemat waktu sehingga hasil jauh lebih baik. Dari hasil rancangan yang akan diterapkan diperoleh ukuran yang dipergunakan desain adalah didesain berdasarkan ukuran antropometri operator
Analisa Pengaruh Variasi Pressing Welding Time Terhadap Karakteristik Sifat Mekanik Dan Sifat Fisis Pada Proses Resistance Spot Welding (Rsw) Material Plat Galvanis
Authors: Purkuncoro Aladin Eko , Taufik Achmad
Published: October 2020

Las Titik merupakan salah satu cara pengelasan resisitansi listrik, dimana dua atau lebih lembaran logam dijepit diantara dua logam, kemudian arus yang kuat dialirkan melalui elektroda tembaga sehingga timbul titik diantara plat logam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan dari penelitian sebelumnya dimana pada penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa dengan memvariasikan arus pengelasan akan semakin meningkatkan kualitas sambungan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat mekanik yaitu kekuatan tarik dan kekerasan, sifat fisik yaitu struktur mikro sambungan sambungan hasil pengelasan titik. Parameter yang digunakan dalam pengelasan ini adalah waktu penekanan yaitu, waktu tekan 10 detik, waktu tekan 15 detik, dan waktu tekan 20 detik. Dari hasil pengujian tarik/geser yang telah dilakukan, kekuatan tarik/geser terbesar terjadi pada waktu penekanan 20 detik yaitu 45,073 Kgf/mm2. Dari uji kekerasan yang telah dilakukan , kekerasan tertinggi terjadi pada pengelasan dengan waktu penekanan 20 detik yaitu 356,8 HV. Dari hasil pengujian uji struktur mikro menunjukkan bahwa variasi waktu penekanan pengelasan menyebabkan terjadinya rekristalisasi pada daerah las dan daerah pengaruh panas.
Pengaruh Kecepatan Potong, Kecepatan Pemakanan Dan Sudut Potong Utama Terhadap Kekasaran Permukaan Pada Proses Bubut Medium Carbon Steel
Authors: Gultom P. I. , Kiswandono
Published: October 2020

Persaingan di industri manufaktur menuntut produk dengan kualitas tinggi dan produktivitas tinggi juga.Parameter pemesinan seperti sudut potong, kecepatan potong dan kecepatan pemakanan menentukan besarnya laju pengerjaan material atau material removal rate (MRR) dari proses bubut. Penentuan parameter pemesinan secara berlebihan justru akan menurunkan produktivitas karena adanya suatu produk yang harus dikerjakan ulang (reworked).

Penelitian ini khususnya akan ditekankan pada proses bubut dengan benda kerja medium carbon steel.Permasalahan yang timbul adalah bagaimana menentukan kecepatan potong, kecepatanpemakanan, dan sudut potong utama pada proses bubut dengan benda kerja medium carbon steel yang akan menghasilkankehalusan permukaan hasil bubut pada produk.

Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses bubut baja ST-60 tanpa follower rest, dengan parameter pemesinan sudut potong utama Kr = 45°,  kecepatan potong 60,5 m/menit, kecepatan pemakanan 44,66 mm/menit dan pada kedalaman potong 0,2 mm diperoleh nilai kekasaran permukaan 3,72 µm atau tingkat kekasaran N8. Sedangkan untuk parameter pemesinan sudut potong utama Kr = 90°,  kecepatan potong 60,5 m/menit, kecepatan pemakanan 22,33 mm/menit dan pada kedalaman potong 0,2 mm diperoleh nilai kekasaran permukaan 3,69 µm atau tingkat kekasaran N8.
Tesis para una Pedagogía del deseo de saber y conocer
Authors: Pérez Pérez Florentino , Chigo Toto Nancy
Published: October 2020

En está época de incertibumbre ¿Cómo podemos posicionar al pensar filosofico en está crisis que evidencio la pandemia del covid-19? ¿cómo activar y potenciar al pensamiento, desde nuestros espacios vitales, para problematizar y construir propuestas que motiven el deseo de conocer?. 

A la incertidumbre se le suma el desencanto por cultivar el pensamiento y el deseo en la construcción del conocimiento.

Estas reflexiones, a manera de tesis, aspiran   a ser un punto de partida que posibilite la formulación de dispositivos de intervención pedagógica.
Procesos curriculares desde la deconstrucción en la enseñanza de las ciencias
Authors: Naranjo Zuluaga Claudia Patricia , Garay Carrascal Julio Simón
Published: October 2020

El presente trabajo investigativo tiene como propósito fundamental la integralidad curricular para la enseñanza de las ciencias naturales, a partir de procesos de deconstrucción en el ejercicio docente. Para ello se pone en marcha el uso de un método de estudio de casos aplicado al docente de ciencias naturales del grado séptimo de la Institución Educativa Cristóbal Colon del Corregimiento Campanito Municipio de Cereté, Córdoba, caracterizado por una fase investigativa que aborda tres momentos específicos: un primer momento de análisis conceptual de la estructura curricular propuesta en la Institución Educativa objeto de indagación, seguido de un segundo momento sobre la interpretación del ejercicio docente, mediante la aplicación de una entrevista semiestructurada, cuyo análisis estará correspondido con el uso de Atlas-ti. Finalmente, un tercer momento en la deconstrucción en el que se realiza un análisis documental al plan curricular de ciencias naturales del grado objeto de estudio, desde el enfoque de integralidad. A la luz de los instrumentos aplicados, se constatan resultados que conciben una práctica que deja manifiesto la necesidad de la construcción de una posible propuesta de currículo integral contextualizado que le permita al estudiante entender la realidad de su naturaleza y confiera respuestas a situaciones de su vida cotidiana.
Eritropoyetina (EPO)
Authors: De los Ríos-Morales Luz Adriana , Guevara-Arismendy Natalia M. , Vizcaíno-Carruyo Jennifer C. , Toro-Montoya Ana Isabel
Published: October 2020

La eritropoyetina (EPO) es una hormona glucoproteica producida principalmente en las células peritubulares de los riñones, que regula la producción y diferenciación eritrocitaria. La síntesis de eritropoyetina está regulada por cambios en la disponibilidad del oxígeno, es decir, a mayor cantidad de oxígeno, menor producción de EPO, y a la inversa. La EPO se une a los receptores en las células madre hematopoyéticas CD34+, promoviendo la activación de los genes para estimular su proliferación y diferenciación hasta eritrocitos maduros.
Bütçe Hakkının Cumhurbaşkanlığı Sistemindeki Görünümü ve Latin Amerika Ülkeleri ile Mukayesesi
Authors: DURDU Muhammet
Published: October 2020

Türkiye’de 2017 yılında 6771 sayılı Kanun ile yapılan Anayasa değişikliği neticesinde hükûmet sistemi değişmiş ve başkanlık hükûmet sistemine geçilmiştir. Bu değişiklikile beraber bütçe sistemi de değişmiş ve yürütmenin bütçenin tasdiki açısından ciddi güç kazandığı görülmüştür. Bu durumun kuvvetler ayrılığı, denge-denetleme vebütçe hakkı açısından ciddi sakıncaları doğuracağı düşünülmüştür. Başkanlık sistemini uygulayan diğer devletlerle mukayesesi için Latin Amerika ülkeleri seçilmiş, buülkelerin bütçe hakkı açısından ortak özellikleri ortaya konmuş ve Türkiye’nin yeni sistemi ile mukayesesi sağlanmıştır. Netice itibariyle, Türkiye’nin, yürütmenin güçlüolduğu Latin Amerika ülkelerine benzer bir sisteme geçiş yaptığı görülmüş, yasamanın güçlendirilmesine yönelik tavsiyeler vurgulanmıştır.
Effect of fungicides on the enzymatic activity of the antioxidant system and the chlorophyll content in lupine plants during seed dressing
Authors: Borzykh O. , Tsurkan O. , Chervyakova L. , Panchenko T.
Published: October 2020

Goal. The effect of fungicides on the dynamics of the activity of peroxidase, catalase (CAT) and chlorophyll content in lupine plants during seed dressing has been established.

Methods. Laboratory and vegetation researches were conducted in the laboratory of analytical chemistry of pesticides of the Institute of Plant Protection. Yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.), variety Obriy has been grown. The objects of research were fungicides triticonazol (40 g/t) and its combination with prochloraz (120 g/t). Determination of the content of fungicides in plants was carried out using chromatographic methods according to officially approved methods and me­thods developed in the laboratory of analytical chemistry of pesticides. Chlorophyll content and peroxidase activity were measured by colorimetric method, catalase activity — by titrimetric method.

Results. According to the research results, the varying sensitivity of the enzymatic system of antioxidant defense (catalase, peroxidase) in response to seed dressing by fungicides was recorded. It showed that on the 10th day after sowing, content of triticonazol in plants was 0.8 mg/kg, and the peroxidase activity was similar to that in untreated plants. Subsequently, against the background of a decrease in the content of the active substance, a gradual activation of the enzyme was observed. Catalase activity also gradually increased beginning from the 14th day, and on the 30th day it exceeded the corresponding control indicator by 40%. When using a combination of triticonazol with prochloraz, the disturbance in the balance of peroxidase catalase was more significant. However, by the phase of 7—8 leaves, with a minimal total content of fungicides (0.38 mg/kg), the enzyme activity approached the control level, which is associated with the restoration of plant homeostasis and the formation of its adaptive potential under stress conditions. The stimulating effect of these fungicides on chlorophyll content at the initial growth stages of lupine was established. The chlorophyll concentration in fungicides-treated plants exceeded the control indicator by 11—29%.

Conclusions. The use of systemic triazole fungicides to protect seedlings, improves the photosynthetic activity of plants and at the same time acts as a stress factor that activates protecting enzymes (catalase, peroxidase), which trigger the development of protective adaptive reactions of plants.
ERGONOMIC ASPECTS RELATED TO MOBILE AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY OPERATORS
Authors: Vambol S. O. , Agravat V. V. , Kiriyenko M. M. , Yadav R. , Zadorozhnya V. V. , Swarnkar R.
Published: October 2020

Ergonomics is the key to make the machine “worker friendly”. In this paper, the humble effort is carried out to present the outline of the tractor industry of India as well as Ukraine for the subsequent analysis of the operator's working conditions and negative production factors that affect his health. Experiment was conducted in Ukraine for three different tractor models i.e. HTZ-181, HTZ-200, HTZ-200B. Vibrations were measured at frame between cab brackets (on left side member), cab floor at the operator's feet and cab frame (on rear crossmember at the rear window base) for plowing and harrowing operations. Research of structural elements vibration parameters of some tractor models (for harrowing and plowing operation) showed that the cab frame has the highest vibration activity in the vertical direction with a peak in the octave band with a geometric mean frequency of 16 Hz. In the transverse direction, the tractor frame has the highest vibration acceleration amplitude, while the maximum vibration acceleration amplitude falls on the octave band of 16 Hz, but its value is two times lower than in the vertical direction. It was also observed that the amplitudes of vibration accelerations of the elements of the tested tractors during plowing the field had higher values than during harrowing, but these excesses were not significant. Analysis of the test results shows that the tractors' suspensions have practically the same vibration characteristics, and therefore, it is recommended to conduct further studies of the parameters of general vibration (on the operator's seat) and local vibration (on the steering wheel) in order to assess the tractor operator' working conditions, his safety and develop technical solutions to improve the devices/machines. The study practical value and originality consists in identifying the structural elements of mobile agricultural machinery (for example, tractors) that have the highest vibrations, which affect the operator for their further improvement, but not for replacing the machinery. This approach to improving the working conditions of mobile agricultural machinery operators is driven by the country's weak economy and can be beneficial for developing countries in the face of a lack of funds to purchase new ergonomic machines.
THE PRINCIPLES OF FINANCIALLY RELEVANT PROMOTION OF WORK WELL-BEING – A FINNISH PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Ahonen Guy
Published: October 2020

Despite abundant research indicating that promotion of work well-being is basically profitable for the corporations, the management in many organizations fails to see the financial potential of improving the working conditions of their personnel. The purpose of this paper is to present recent findings on the financial effects of work well-being activity mainly in Finland, and extract five success principles in this context. This study is based on a number of empirical studies in which the author of this article has participated during the past decade and similar studies in Finland and other countries. The main focus is on the relationship between activities which promote work well-being and their financial consequences for the employers. Particularly the findings generated by the decadelong Finnish strategic well-being-project are exploited. Survey data from more than 2000 randomized Finish private and public organizations were collected and analyzed. Finnish cases indicate that companies can benefit up to 20 % of their profits by investing in their personnel. Comprehensive Finnish surveys indicate that the management of work well-being is far from optimal and that companies that take well care of their people do financially well. It is maintained that companies have a limited view of the scope and possibilities of work well-being activity and therefore fail to see its financial potential. The main limitation of this study is that it is based on mainly Finnish and Nordic data and research. This means that some of the cost structures of the companies studied may vary from those of companies in other countries. The magnitude of the financial effects is, however, so large that the findings should be indicative for other countries as well. The practical value of the principles generated and presented in this paper is in that they demonstrate the mechanisms of how promotion of safety and well-being at work is transformed into financial value. That may help public and private policymakers in developing national and company-level human resource strategies. The findings add to the literature of the economic feasibility of occupational safety and health by introducing new explanations to how the economic effects emerge.
Eksistensi Para “Gus” di Instagram: Visual Semiotik Sebagai Dakwah Baru di Era Digital
Authors: Fahma Al Himni , Darwis Mohammad
Published: October 2020

In the pesantren tradition, whom inherited from the founder of the pesantren to the children and grandchildren are the most eligible decendant .  The succession line of relatives under the Kyai who have a young age is pinned as Gus for men and Ning for women.  They are a small picture of the behavior of Kyai and the pesantren extended family.  The digital age is fostering new roles from new people about a propaganda practice that can break through space and time.  The Gus and Ning who occupy the new space maximize the use of social media as kind a step to preach. The new pattern of Da'wah nowadays is very fluid by using artifacts and text from self profiles in the form of audio, images, photos, videos, and writing content.  The text is uploaded on their accounts pages periodically and with current typologies.  Their existence in a social media Instagram has a different style, modernist and bringing a newness.  Visual semiotics is a new way of communicating via technology to the reader (reader) or audience by putting forward text-shaped signs that are verbal (language) and visual.  Communication through this sign is presented with a design that contains icons that refer to linguistic messages.  Various approaches to preaching communication in a new era, one of them with semiotic visuals on Instagram unlocks visual visions embedded in the icons displayed.  All the pictures, photos, and caption notes created by the Gus in their accounts deserve to be elaborated in the context of da'wah in the digital age.  Using a purposive sampling technique with a Semiotic Visual analysis, the results show that the variety of sign visualizations on Gus's Instagram account profile means a call for preaching and moral messages in a subtle, dynamic, and open ways.

Keywords: Visual, Semiotic, Instagram, Artifacts, Interaction
Stock Selectivity Skill, Market Timing Ability, Risiko, Size, and Comparison of Performance Islamic Share Mutual Funds
Authors: Lailiyah Elliv Hidayatul , Setiawan Rahmat
Published: October 2020

Indonesia is one of the countries with the largest Muslim population about 87%. The high population of the Muslim in Indonesia should be able to provide great potential in terms of Islamic finance as investment activity, which will certainly contribute positively to the Indonesian economy. Investors will always be interested in investment with high return and low risk. One of the alternative is mutual fund especially sharia equity mutual funds. The choice of the right mutual fund should pay attention to how the performance of the mutual fund. This study examine how performance of sharia equity mutual funds using Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen method are affected by stock selectivity skill, market timing ability, risk and size during 2012-2017. The finding of this research are stock selectivity skill,market timing ability, risk and size are significantly positive influence to the performance of sharia equity mutual fund. The influence of stock selectivity skill, market timing ability, risk and size are very strong if measured by treynor method.
De las rutas, ferias y circuitos en Huamanga
Authors: Urrutia Jaime
Published: October 2020

Un territorio como el de la región de Huamanga es hasta ahora difícil de comunicarse con vías adecuadas; imaginemos entonces los esfuerzos invertidos por quienes, tiempo atrás, disponiendo únicamente de piaras de mulas, recorrían "los fragosos caminos" de Ayacucho, desde los cálidos y enfermizos valles costeños hasta las punas y los templados valles interandinos, y aun a las siempre temidas zonas "de montaña", es decir las yungas cocaleras.
Préstamos, elaboración léxica y defensa idiomática
Authors: Cerrón-Palomino Rodolfo
Published: October 2020

En lingüística se conoce con el nombre de préstamo a todo elemento idiomático de una lengua X (llamada 'lengua fuente') proveniente de otra lengua Y (conocida como 'lengua recipientaria'). Así, por ejemplo, la palabra pucho 'colilla de cigarro', del castellano andino (= lengua prestataria), es un préstamo del quechua puchu 'sobra, restante' (= lenguaje fuente). En este caso, hablando en términos figurados, se dice que el castellano se ha prestado del quechua la voz pucho. Como se ve, la impropiedad del término "préstamo" salta a la vista, pues toda especie de este género supone una devolución, so pena de ser considerado tramposo.
Casta y clase
Authors: Larson Brooke
Published: October 2020

In 1985, Tulio Halperín Donghi wrote an impressive summary of the latest achievements in the field of Latin American historiography. He highlighted the growing diversity of themes, methodologies, and interpretations that have been developed for a variety of regions and historical periods. Above all, he emphasized that enigmatic centuries such as those of the XVII and XIX, have been clarified. In addition, the historical work is increasingly enriched by the contributions of other disciplines such as anthropology, political science, and economics.
La imagen de Dios en Urcos
Authors: Marzal Manuel
Published: October 2020

Presento en estas páginas un capítulo de "El mundo religioso de Urcos", obra que aparecerá próximamente y que es el resultado de la primera investigación sistemática sobre la religiosidad campesina, organizada por el Instituo de Pastoral Andina (IPA) del Cuzco. La parroquia piloto de Urcos comprende tres distritos de la población de Quispicanchis y tenía en el último censo una población de 17.313 habitantes. Para investigarla, se eligieron dentro de la misma cinco pueblos que representaran cinco niveles de modernización y, por lo tanto, de religiosidad.
¿Puede un campesino cristiano ofrecer un "pago a la tierra"?
Authors: Marzal Manuel
Published: October 2020

Acabo de estar en la parroquia de Taraco (provincia de Huancané, Puno), una de las dos parroquias quechuas que tiene la prelatura aymara de Juli. He estado recogiendo material para un estudio sobre el sacerdocio campesino. He hablado con el P. Tomás Verhoeven, M.M., promotor del movimiento de catequesis rural en la sierra y fundador de las escuelas de Puno, Cusco, Huancayo y Huaraz. Ahora el padre Tomás está orientando sus catequesis a la formación de cristianos de base. Un día, después de la reunión con los cristianos de base de la parcialidad de Patascachi, uno de ellos me preguntó: ¿puede un cristiano ofrecer un pago a la tierra? Esta pregunta es el punto de partida de estas páginas, que tratan de orientar en la resolución de este "caso de conciencia" para la mayoría de los campesinos de la llamada "mancha india" (Huancavelica, Ayacucho, Abancay, Cuzco y Puno), que durante las noches del mes de agosto se reúnen en sus casas para ofrecer el pago a la pachamama.
El uso de Términos Etnicos en la Literatura de Ciencias Sociales del Perú
Authors: Van del Berghe Pierre L.
Published: October 2020

Un estudio de la literatura de Ciencias Sociales del Perú revela el uso de un buen número de términos étnicos que hacen referencia a varios grupos que forman la población heterogénea del Perú. Un examen más minucioso del uso de estos términos practicado por los científicos sociales (tanto peruano como extranjeros) muestra poco acuerdo en su significado. Tal situación es general y no una excepción en la ciencia social: Se puede pensar en los usos variados de algunos términos como "clase", "raza" o "casta", en la literatura sociológica norteamericana. Sin embargo, no debemos dejarlo de lado sin haber dado la debida importancia a algunas preguntas que esta selva terminológica ocasiona.
Presentación: Discurso mítico y discurso utópico en los Andes
Authors: Urbano Henrique Osvaldo
Published: October 2020

Los últimos treinta años han sido tan prolíferos en teorías y análisis de mitos, cuentos o simple relatos populares que sería por demás recordar a los lectores de Allpanchis los grandes maestros en la materia, sus teorías o las escuelas que formaron. ¿Quién no conoce hoy día la gran síntesis teórica de un Lévi-Strauss y su obra monumental de análisis de la mitología americana? ¿Cuál es el investigador que estudia el cuento popular ignorando los trabajos pioneros de Propp y el esfuerzo teórico de la escuela estructuralista rusa?
Relato oral y organización superficial (Aplicación metodológica)
Authors: Ballón Enrique , Campodónico Hermis
Published: October 2020

La semiótica narrativa y discursiva ha adquirido en los últimos años una amplitud teórica de gran envergadura y, al mismo tiempo, su operatividad metodológica es hoy suficientemente