bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Modeling the short-term fire effects on vegetation dynamics and surface energy in southern Africa using the improved SSiB4/TRIFFID-Fire model
Authors: Huang Huilin , Xue Yongkang , Liu Ye , Li Fang , Okin Gregory S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Fire causes abrupt changes in vegetation properties and modifies flux
exchanges between land and atmosphere at subseasonal to seasonal scales. Yet
these short-term fire effects on vegetation dynamics and surface energy
balance have not been comprehensively investigated in the fire-coupled
vegetation model. This study applies the SSiB4/TRIFFID-Fire (the Simplified
Simple Biosphere Model coupled with the Top-down Representation of Interactive
Foliage and Flora Including Dynamics with fire) model to study
the short-term fire impact in southern Africa. Specifically, we aim to
quantify how large impacts fire exerts on surface energy through
disturbances on vegetation dynamics, how fire effects evolve during the fire
season and the subsequent rainy season, and how surface-darkening effects
play a role besides the vegetation change effects. We find fire causes an annual average reduction in grass cover by 4 %–8 %
for widespread areas between 5–20∘ S and a tree cover reduction
by 1 % at the southern periphery of tropical rainforests. The regional
fire effects accumulate during June–October and peak in November, the
beginning of the rainy season. After the fire season ends, the grass cover
quickly returns to unburned conditions, while the tree fraction hardly
recovers in one rainy season. The vegetation removal by fire has reduced the
leaf area index (LAI) and gross primary productivity (GPP) by 3 %–5 % and
5 %–7 % annually. The exposure of bare soil enhances surface albedo and
therefore decreases the absorption of shortwave radiation. Annual mean
sensible heat has dropped by 1.4 W m−2, while the latent heat reduction
is small (0.1 W m−2) due to the compensating effects between canopy
transpiration and soil evaporation. Surface temperature is increased by as
much as 0.33 K due to the decrease of sensible heat fluxes, and the warming
would be enhanced when the surface-darkening effect is incorporated. Our
results suggest that fire effects in grass-dominant areas diminish within
1 year due to the high resilience of grasses after fire. Yet fire effects
in the periphery of tropical forests are irreversible within one growing
season and can cause large-scale deforestation if accumulated for hundreds
of years.
Model calibration using ESEm v1.1.0 – an open, scalable Earth system emulator
Authors: Watson-Parris Duncan , Williams Andrew , Deaconu Lucia , Stier Philip
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Large computer models are ubiquitous in the Earth
sciences. These models often have tens or hundreds of tuneable parameters
and can take thousands of core hours to run to completion while generating
terabytes of output. It is becoming common practice to develop emulators as
fast approximations, or surrogates, of these models in order to explore the
relationships between these inputs and outputs, understand uncertainties, and
generate large ensembles datasets. While the purpose of these surrogates may
differ, their development is often very similar. Here we introduce ESEm: an
open-source tool providing a general workflow for emulating and validating a
wide variety of models and outputs. It includes efficient routines for
sampling these emulators for the purpose of uncertainty quantification and
model calibration. It is built on well-established, high-performance
libraries to ensure robustness, extensibility and scalability. We
demonstrate the flexibility of ESEm through three case studies using ESEm to
reduce parametric uncertainty in a general circulation model and explore
precipitation sensitivity in a cloud-resolving model and scenario
uncertainty in the CMIP6 multi-model ensemble.
Microstructure, micro-inclusions, and mineralogy along the EGRIP ice core – Part 1: Localisation of inclusions and deformation patterns
Authors: Stoll Nicolas , Eichler Jan , Hörhold Maria , Erhardt Tobias , Jensen Camilla , Weikusat Ilka
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Impurities deposited in polar ice enable the reconstruction of the atmospheric aerosol concentration of the past. At the same time they impact the physical properties of the ice itself such as its deformation behaviour. Impurities are thought to enhance ice deformation, but observations are ambiguous due to a shortage of comprehensive microstructural analyses. For the first time, we systematically analyse micro-inclusions in polar fast flowing ice, i.e. from the East Greenland Ice Core Project ice core drilled through the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream. In direct relation to the inclusions we derive the crystal preferred orientation, fabric, grain size, and microstructural features at 10 depths, covering the Holocene and Late Glacial. We use optical microscopy to create microstructure maps to analyse the in situ locations of inclusions in the polycrystalline, solid ice samples. Micro-inclusions are more variable in spatial distribution than previously observed and show various distributional patterns ranging from centimetre-thick layers to clusters and solitary particles, independent of depth. In half of all samples, micro-inclusions are more often located at or close to the grain boundaries by a slight margin (in the areas occupied by grain boundaries). Throughout all samples we find strong indications of dynamic recrystallisation, such as grain islands, bulging grains, and different types of sub-grain boundaries. We discuss the spatial variability in micro-inclusions, the link between spatial variability and mineralogy, and possible effects on the microstructure and deformation behaviour of the ice. Our results emphasise the need for holistic approaches in future studies, combining microstructure and impurity analysis.
Evidence of elevation-dependent warming from the Chinese Tian Shan
Authors: Gao Lu , Deng Haijun , Lei Xiangyong , Wei Jianhui , Chen Yaning , Li Zhongqin , Ma Miaomiao , Chen Xingwei , Chen Ying , Liu Meibing , Gao Jianyun
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The phenomenon in which the warming rate of air temperature is amplified with elevation is termed elevation-dependent warming (EDW). It has been clarified that EDW can accelerate the retreat of glaciers and melting of snow, which can have significant impacts on the regional ecological environment. Owing to the lack of high-density ground observations in high mountains, there is widespread controversy regarding the existence of EDW. Current evidence is mainly derived from typical high-mountain regions such as the Swiss Alps, the Colorado Rocky Mountains, the tropical Andes and the Tibetan Plateau–Himalayas. Rare evidence in other mountain ranges has been reported, especially in arid regions. In this study, EDW features (regional warming amplification and altitude warming amplification) in the Chinese Tian Shan (CTM) were detected using a unique high-resolution (1 km, 6-hourly) air temperature dataset (CTMD) from 1979 to 2016. The results showed that there were significant EDW signals at different altitudes on different timescales. The CTM showed significant regional warming amplification in spring, especially in March, and the warming trends were greater than those of continental China with respect to three temperatures (minimum temperature, mean temperature and maximum temperature). The significance values of EDW above different altitude thresholds are distinct for three temperatures in 12 months. The warming rate of the minimum temperature in winter showed a significant elevation dependence (p<0.01), especially above 3000 m. The greatest altitudinal gradient in the warming rate of the maximum temperature was found above 4000 m in April. For the mean temperature, the warming rates in June and August showed prominent altitude warming amplification but with different significance above 4500 m. Within the CTM, the Tolm Mountains, the eastern part of the Borokoonu Mountains, the Bogda Mountains and the Balikun Mountains are representative regions that showed significant altitude warming amplification on different timescales. This new evidence could partly explain the accelerated melting of snow in the CTM, although the mechanisms remain to be explored.
Pengembangan dan Sosialisasi Aplikasi E-Commers Parea di KUBE Sekar Muria Hadipolo Kudus
Authors: Diana Diana Laily Fithri , Prasetyo Utomo Andy , Nugraha Fajar
Published: December 2021

Abstract
          Hadipolo Village is one of the villages in Jekulo District, Kudus Regency. In this village there are several bitter melon farmers who process it into snacks that are nutritious and very beneficial for health. So far, the marketing process for bitter melon chips is still done traditionally so that sales of bitter gourd chips are not optimal in quantity and the range of promotions is still limited around the city of Kudus, although there are some requests from outside the city but the numbers are still large. still a little because of lack of promotion. The purpose of this community service is to develop and socialize e-commerce applications which are expected to help and increase the income and welfare of the bitter melon chip craftsmen in Hadipolo Village. With a specific target in the use of Pare e-commerce, namely increasing the marketing quantity of bitter gourd chips by expanding the marketing area by promoting the results of bitter melon chips through e-commerce so that they can reach a wider market. Pare e-commerce is an e-commerce used by Kube Pare chips in developing and marketing products from Pare chips. The way this system works is by conducting online buying and selling transactions, so that the marketing area is also wider. 
Abstrak
          Desa Hadipolo merupakan salah satu desa yang berada di Kecamatan Jekulo Kabupaten Kudus. Di desa ini terdapat beberapa petani pare yang mengolahnya menjadi makanan ringan yang berkhasiat dan sangat bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Selama ini proses pemasaran keripik pare masih dilakukan secara tradisional sehingga penjualan keripik pare secara kuantitas belum maksimal dan jangkauan promosi masih terbatas di sekitar kota Kudus, walaupun ada beberapa permintaan dari luar kota namun jumlahnya masih banyak. masih sedikit karena kurang promosi. Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk pengembangan dan sosialisasi aplikasi e-commerce yang diharapkan dapat membantu dan meningkatkan pendapatan, kesejahteraan para pengrajin keripik pare di Desa Hadipolo. Dengan target khusus dalam penggunaan e-commerce Parea  yaitu meningkatkan kuantitas pemasaran keripik pare dengan memperluas wilayah pemasaran dengan mempromosikan hasil keripik pare melalui e-commerce sehingga dapat menjangkau pasar yang lebih luas.  E-commerce Parea merupakan e-commerce yang digunakan Kube keripik pare dalam mengembangkan dan memasarkan produk dari keripik Pare tersebut. Cara kerjanya dari sistem tersebut adalah dengan melakukan transaksi jual beli secara online, agar wilayah pemasaran juga semakin luas.
Pelatihan Pemetaan Potensi Wisata Berbasis Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Kabupaten Maros Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Halim Harifuddin , Ibrahim Ibrahim , Zainuddin Rasyidah
Published: December 2021

Kabupaten Maros merupakan wilayah yang kaya budaya dengan potensi alam yang indah yang berpeluang menjadi aset wisata pemerintah setempat. Banyaknya potensi wisata tersebut tidak serta merta signifikan terhadap tingkat partisipasi masyarakatnya. Oleh karena itulah, dianggap perlu untuk memberdayakan masyarakat agar mereka sadar dan terlibat dalam pengembangan pariwisata lokal yang kemudian dapat berdampak terhadap kehidupan ekonomi mereka. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pelatihan pemetaan pariwisata di Kabupaten Maros. Kegiatan pengabdian ini merupakan hasil kerjasama antara ADPERTISI dengan Pemerintah Kabupaten Maros dengan lokasi pelatihan di Kecamatan Bontoa. Pengabdian ini dihadiri oleh kurang lebih 40 warga masyarakat berasal dari berbagai kelompok seperti kelompok karang taruna, kelompok pencinta desa wisata. Pelatihan ini bertujuan (1) memetakan potensi wisata di Kabupaten Maros khususnya di Kecamatan Bontoa, dan (2) menyadarkan masyarakat atas potensi kesadaran yang mereka miliki untuk berkembang menjadi lebih baik. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan metode ceramah, tanya jawab, diskusi, dan FGD. Hasil pelatihan ini menghasilkan luaran-luaran sebagai berikut: (1) lahirnya pemetaan potensi wisata lokal di kecamatan Bontoa, (2) lahirnya banyak gagasan masyarakat tentang persoalan sosial terkait pariwisata, (3) Lahirnya kesediaan kelompok masyarakat untuk terlibat secara serius dalam mengembangkan potensi wisata lokal mereka
Pelatihan Digital Marketing untuk meningkatkan Penjualan UMKM di MasaPandemiCovid-19Di Kecamatan Turikale Kabupaten Maros
Authors: Thaha Salmiyah , Hatidja St , Hasniati Hasniati
Published: December 2021

Pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian ini diikuti oleh 16 mitra UMKM di Kecamatan Turikale Kabupaten Maros dengan tujuan menambah pengetahuan peserta akan pentingnya pemasaran produk melalui media online dari  smartphone. permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh mitra adalah minimnya pengetahuan mengenai digital marketing atau pemasaran online. Pada sesi diskusi, para mitra UMKM dibekali dengan aplikasi yang  dibutuhkan untuk pemasaran produk secara digital dan pelatihan dalam menggunakan perangkat dan aplikasi media sosial  sehingga para pelaku UMKM dapat membuat atau menggunakan salah satu aplikasi digital  online atau beberapa  situs penjualan online dengan biaya”minimal.Salah satu contoh yang di paparkan oleh pemateri adalah teknik atau cara melakukan pengambilan foto produk yang akan ditampilkan dan dipromosikan melalui media sosial. Kegiatan sosialisasi terlaksana dengan baik dan sangat dibutuhkan oleh pelaku UMKM. Di akhir acara sosialisasi, masih ada peserta yang meminta waktu selama  beberapa hari ke depan untuk melakukan kegiatan serupa  dan mau mengajak temannya yang belum sempat mengikuti kegiatan supaya memiliki pengalaman yang sama.
Penyuluhan Dan Sosialisasi Perda Kota Makassar No 7 Tahun 2009
Authors: Idja St.Hatidja , K Amin Apiaty , Mariana Lina , Thaha Salmiyah
Published: December 2021

The purpose of community service activities is to provide education and information to the people of the city of Makassar specifically in Ujung Pandang, Makassar and Rappocini sub-districts. The people of Makassar city in general are still not aware of local regulations regarding health services. Most residents of Makassar city complain about health services in the city of Makassar. And some residents only know about health services through BPJS and KIS (Healthy Indonesia Card). So it is necessary for the government to cooperate with related parties to conduct socialization and counseling of Regional Regulations regarding health services. The result of PKM activities is that participants know the regional regulation number 7 of 2009, participants are able to socialize to their environment about the regulation.
Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat adalah untuk memberikan edukasi dan informasi kepada masyarakat kota Makassar khususnya kecamatan Ujung Pandang, Kecamatan Makassar dan Kecamatan Rappocini. Masyarakat kota Makassar pada umumnya masih kurang mengetahui peraturan daerah tentang pelayanan kesehatan. Sebagian besar warga kota Makassar mengeluhkan pelayanan kesehatan di kota Makassar. Dan sebagian warga hanya mengetahui pelayanan kesehatan melalui BPJS maupun KIS (Kartu Indonesia Sehat). Sehingga perlunya pihak pemerintah bekerjasama dengan pihak terkait untuk melakukan sosialisasi dan penyuluhan Perda mengenai pelayanan kesehatan. Hasil kegiatan PKM adalah peserta mengetahui perda nomor 7 tahun 2009,  peserta mampu mensosialisasikan ke lingkungan mereka tentang perda tersebut.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Media Pembelajaran Buku Digital Menggunakan Flipbook Pada SDIT Sullamul ‘Ulum
Authors: Fauzi Yusa Rahman  , Karyadiputra Erfan , Setiawan Agus , Indah Purnomo Indu
Published: December 2021

Learning media is an important part of learning activities. Books are part of learning media that can be displayed following the progress of the times and advances in technology. Teachers play a very important role in learning at school, usually teachers provide material to students using textbooks, whiteboard media or using slides on Microsoft Power Point. In the implementation of this community service activity, training for SDIT Sullamul 'Ulum teachers on how to make digital books using flipbooks, such as using existing tools, making the content in digital books presented interesting so that students are easy to understand and can be applied to Learning Activities. Based on the results of the practice carried out by the participants, it was concluded that the average expertise of 90% of participants could follow and practice in making digital learning media using flipbooks.
Pelatihan Penyusunan Modul Blended Learning Sebagai Upaya Pembelajaran Kreatif Abad 21
Authors: Murtinugraha R. Eka , Aprilin S Ririt , Ramadan M. Agphin
Published: December 2021

Abad ke-21 adalah abad digital. Komunikasi dilakukan melewati batas wilayah negara dengan menggunakan perangkat teknologi yang semakin canggih. Kemajuan teknologi tersebut dirasakan oleh berbagai industri dan manufaktur. Namun dari berbagai bidang yang ada, pendidikan adalah bidang yang paling merasakan dampak positif terhadap kemajuan teknologi dan informasi. Salah satu penerapan pembelajaran abad 21 adalah modul blended learning. Modul berbasis blended learning akan memberikan warna baru yang dapat dengan mudah dilakukan oleh siswa dengan bimbingan guru. Salah satu kelebihan modul blended learning yaitu bahan ajarnya memberikan pengalaman bagi peserta didik dalam belajar mandiri dengan melakukan intruksi-instruksi untuk melakukan tugas dengan bisa mengakses materi-materi secara online. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk melatih peserta dalam menyusun modul Blended Learning yang dapat digunakan pada pembelajaran. Peserta merupakan guru-guru SMKN 6 Kota Bekasi dan SMKN 1 Cikarang Barat sejumlah 45 orang. Peningkatan nilai dari pretest (62,22) ke posttest (69,33) menunjukkan pemahaman peserta mengenai penyusunan modul Blended Learning meningkat.
Perancangan Alat Irigasi Tetes Sederhana Untuk Tanaman Hias Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Smk Negeri 4 Dumai Kelas 10 Mekanisasi Pertanian (Mp)
Authors: Mesra Trisna , Melliana Melliana , Fitra Fitra , Azmi Azmi , Jenita Marbun Novri
Published: December 2021

Abstract
This Community Service Program partners with the Dumai City 4 State Vocational High School (SMK N 4 Dumai). This community service program is very important to implement because it will be able to help children to improve their knowledge and skills in the process of designing simple drip irrigation equipment for ornamental plants. So that vocational students can practice at school and at home and in the environment they are in. Where this drip irrigation tool will be used for ornamental plants in schools and at the homes of each student. With the implementation of this community service program, the community service team at the Dumai High School of Technology provides skills on how to make a simple drip irrigation device by utilizing materials and equipment around us and this is one of the provisions of knowledge for them when they have lived their lives later. . This knowledge can also be used as a skill to develop an entrepreneurial spirit to open a business world that can be used as a source of income..
Keywords: Design, Drip Irrigation, Ornamental Plants
Abstrak
Program Pengabdian Masyarakat ini bermitra dengan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri 4 Kota Dumai (SMK N 4 Dumai). Program pengabdian masyarakat ini sangat penting untuk dilaksanakan dikarenakan akan dapat membantu anak-anak untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan proses perancangan alat irigasi tetes sederhana untuk tanaman hias. Sehingga siswa-siswi SMK bisa mempraktekkan di sekolah dan dirumah serta lingkungan mereka berada. Dimana alat irigasi tetes ini akan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk tanaman hias di sekolah dan di rumah siswa masing- masing. Dengan terlaksananya program pengabdian masyarakat ini, tim pelaksana pengabdian kepada masyarakat Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Dumai memberikan skill tentang cara pembuatan alat irigasi tetes sederhana dengan memanfaatkan bahan bahan dan peralatan ada di sekitar kita dan ini merupakan salah satu bekal pengetahuan bagi mereka apabila mereka telah menjalani kehidupan nantinya. Pengetahuan ini juga bisa dijadikan suatu skill untuk mengembangkan jiwa kewirausahaan untuk membuka dunia usaha yang dapat dijadikan sebagai  sumber penghasilan.  
Kata kunci: : perancangan, Irigasi tetes, tanaman hias
Pelatihan Penulisan Artikel Ilmiah untuk Pengembangan Karir Guru Matematika di Kabupaten Bojonegoro
Authors: Dewi Utami Anita , Zainudin M , Suriya Puput , Mayasari Novi , Hasanudin Cahyo , Rosyida Fathia
Published: December 2021

Abstract
          The PKM program for writing scientific articles to improve the careers of mathematics teachers in Bojonegoro was carried out through the method of providing training, guidance, and mentoring to participants on how to write articles on the results of classroom action research that was carried out daily in their classrooms to make scientific articles that can be published in journals. The main target audience in this activity were mathematics teachers under the auspices of the Bojonegoro Ministry of Religion, totaling 30 teachers. The area where the training and workshop location was at MAN 2 Bojonegoro is a gathering place for mathematics teachers in the MGMP organization. The results in the PKM program activities were (1) increased knowledge of scientific articles, (2) increased ability and skills of participants in writing scientific articles from the results of classroom action research and (3) participants can integrate scientific writing in the learning process. The outputs of this PKM activity were (1) increasing participants' knowledge of the activity materials, (2) scientific articles published in national seminars or national journals, and (3) publication of PKM implementation on online media.
 
 
Abstrak
Program PKM penulisan artikel ilmiah untuk peningkatan karir guru matematika di Bojonegoro dilakukan melalui metode pemberian pelatihan, bimbingan, dan pendampingan kepada peserta mengenai bagaimana cara menulis artikel hasil penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan sehari-hari dalam kelasnya untuk dibuat suatu artikel ilmiah yang dapat terbit di jurnal.. Khalayak sasaran utama dalam kegiatan ini yaitu guru-guru matematika di bawah naungan Kemenag Bojonegoro yang berjumlah 30 guru. Wilayah lokasi pelatihan dan workshop di MAN 2 Bojonegoro sebagai tempat berkumpulnya para guru matematika dalam organisasi MGMP. Hasil dalam kegiatan program PKM yaitu (1) meningkatnya pengetahuan mengenai artikel ilmiah, (2) meningkatnya kemampuan dan keterampilan peserta dalam menulis artikel ilmiah dari hasil penelitian tindakan kelas dan (3) peserta dapat mengintergrasikan karya tulis ilmiah dalam proses pembelajaran. Luaran kegiatan PKM ini yaitu (1) meningkatnya pengetahuan peserta mengenai materi-materi kegiatan, (2) artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan pada seminar nasional atau jurnal nasional, dan (3) publikasi pelaksanaan PKM pada media online.
Analisis Postur Kerja Penambang Pasir Kecamatan Bukit Kapur Kota Dumai
Authors: Yoga Pratama Muhammad , Mesra Trisna , Faisal Rudi
Published: December 2021

Salah satu penambangan pasir yang ada dikota Dumai adalah milik Bapak Sukatno yang berada di jalan Pasir kecamatan Bukit Kapur. Pekerja penambangan pasir ini ada 3 bagian, yaitu pekerja yang mengarahkan pipa pada saat menghisap pasir ke bak penampungan pasir, pekerja yang menyaring pasir ke bak penampungan pasir dan pekerja penyekop pasir ke bak mobil. Pekerja penyekop pasir merupakan yang paling rentan terkena cidera otot karena pekerjaannya lebih berat dari ketiga pekerjaan tersebut. Kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM) digunakan untuk mengetahui cedera Musculoskeletal Disorders yang dialami pekerja. Ssedangkan untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko cedera pekerja menggunakan metode Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). Hasil NBM yang paling berisiko cidera pada pekerja adalah leher bawah, bahu kanan, lengan atas kiri, punggung, lengan atas kanan, pinggang, lengan bawah kanan, pergelangan tangan kiri, tangan kiri, tangan kanan. Tingkat risiko untuk postur memijak sekop, mengangkat sekop dan mengayunkan sekop pada saat penampungan pasir penuh adalah sedang dengan level risiko 4-6 dan saat penampungan pasir setengah adalah sedang dengan level risiko 4-7. Sedangkan tingkat risiko untuk postur melempar pasir ke bak mobil pada saat penampungan pasir penuh  tingkat risiko rendah dengan level risiko 3 dan saat penampungan pasir setengah adalah rendah dengan level risiko 2 dan 4.
Pengendalian Kualitas Free Fatty Acid Bagian Refinery Plant Di PT X Kota Dumai
Authors: Suryanto Suryanto , Yusrizal Yusrizal , Wiroto Noto
Published: December 2021

Kebutuhan akan minyak nabati (kelapa sawit) semakin meningkat, hal ini diisyaratkan dengan terus bertambah dan berkembangkan perusahaan-perusahan yang mengolah minyak kelapa sawit di Indonesia terkhususnya di area kota Dumai. Oleh karena itu kualitas harus benar-benar terjaga agar produk dapat bersaing dengan baik di pasar dagang dunia. Dari uraian diatas penulis melakukan peelitian pada produk turunan dari CPO yang berupa produk RBDPO (Refined Deodorized Palm Oil), Olein dan Stearin, dimana paramameter yang penulis gunakan ialah FFA (Free Fatty Acid) dari ketiga produk turunan kelapa sawit tersebut. Berdasarkan permasalahan  tersebut, penulis melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan metode peta kendali  dan R. Dengan menggunakan metode peta kendali  dan R maka akan didapat nilai batas kendali atas nilai tengah dan nilai batas kendali bawah. Hal ini untuk mengetahui apakah sampel pada RBDPO (Refined Deodorized Palm Oil, Olein dan Stearin berada dalam batas peta kendali kontrol. Hasil dari penelitian dengan menggunakan metode  dan R semua sampel RBDPO, Olein dan Stearin berada dalam batas peta kendali setelah dilakukan peta revisi sebanyak 3 kali untuk RBDPO dan Olein, 2 kali untuk produk Stearin dengan jumlah sampel yang berbeda-beda.
Lanzaro, J., coord., (2018): Centro Presidencial: Presidencias y centros de gobierno en América Latina, Estados Unidos y Europa, Madrid, Tecnos. 437 pp.
Authors: Villaplana Jiménez Francisco Ramón
Published: December 2021

Lanzaro, J., coord., (2018): Centro Presidencial: Presidencias y centros de gobierno en América Latina, Estados Unidos y Europa, Madrid, Tecnos. 437 pp.
Modeling corruption perception effects on non-electoral participation in Morocco (2018-2019)
Authors: Noei Baghban Seyed Morteza , Rahbarqazi Mahmoudreza
Published: December 2021

Theoretical literature has two competing theories about the effects of corruption on society: the first group sees corruption as something that "Greases the Wheels of" the administrative and economic systems of countries and the second group calls it something that "Sands the Wheels" of those systems. This study examines the direct and indirect effects of corruption perceptions among Moroccan citizens on the non-electoral participation using the fifth wave data of the Arab barometer, assuming the first group's ideas. The fifth wave of this data was obtained in 2019-2018 and surveyed 2400 Moroccan citizens. Testing the hypothesis through the SEM indicate that, first, corruption perception has a direct positive and significant effect on the citizens' negative evaluation of the government performance and it increases the political distrust among citizens indirectly and significantly. Secondly, the results indicate that although perceptions of corruption by citizens do not directly have a significant effect on non-electoral participation, because all the mediating variables are significant, it can be argued that perceptions of corruption can have a positive impact on the expansion of non-electoral participation among citizens indirectly and it can happen through the variables of poor government performance and political distrust.
Mata López, T. (2020): Partidos y líderes frente a ETA. Estrategias, dureza y crispación (1982-2011), Madrid, Centro de Estudios Políticos y Constitucionales, 286 pp.
Authors: Laiz Castro Consuelo
Published: December 2021

Reseña del libro
Luces y sombras del nuevo constitucionalismo latinoamericano desde una perspectiva neoconstitucionalista
Authors: Mateos Martínez Jose
Published: December 2021

El Nuevo Constitucionalismo Latinoamericano supuso una inédita fuente de esperanza para los pueblos del Continente, al implicar la colocación en la cúspide del ordenamiento jurídico del conjunto de derechos básicos y vías de participación política directa imprescindibles para lograr una auténtica democracia y un respeto efectivo a la dignidad del ciudadano. Lamentablemente, el Nuevo Constitucionalismo Latinoamericano llevaba dentro de sí una serie de rémoras que lo malograron en gran medida. Mediante el presente trabajo reivindicamos la Constitución como herramienta insustituible para lograr una democracia real y una auténtica justicia social, exponiendo los logros del Nuevo Constitucionalismo Latinoamericano y proponiendo alternativas a sus puntos débiles.
Memoria negativa y discontinuidad del recuerdo. La óptica koselleckiana
Authors: Svampa Lucila
Published: December 2021

En este artículo se explora el tratamiento de la memoria en la obra de Reinhart Koselleck, escasamente estudiado por la bibliografía especializada. El tema será abordado a partir de tres ejes poco visitados en su obra: la tensión entre memoria individual y negativa, la discontinuidad del recuerdo, correspondiente a la experiencia primaria y su trabajo iconológico sobre monumentos del siglo XIX en adelante. Transitados estos puntos, se expondrán algunas ambigüedades que habitan su análisis. Estas recogen un desnivel entre el registro individual y común en el que tienen lugar las experiencias, la incapacidad de Koselleck de vislumbrar una memoria colectiva más allá del Estado y el problema de la instramisibiliad de los recuerdos.
Cuerpos acelerados: un análisis de los efectos de la temporalidad neoliberal en la subjetividad
Authors: Duerto Paula
Published: December 2021

En este artículo perfilaré los efectos de la aceleración de las sociedades capitalistas contemporáneas en los cuerpos que las integran. Para ello, abordaré algunos de los rasgos que configuran nuestras subjetividades en este contexto, tales como la adicción a los dispositivos tecnológicos, la dispersión de la atención, la supresión del aburrimiento, el insomnio, la alteración de la respiración, el privilegio de las emociones “rápidas”, el estrés, las patologías psicofísicas y la atomización social. A continuación, argumentaré que las consecuencias de la aceleración neoliberal del ritmo de vida son fundamentalmente negativas para los sujetos, y para plantarles cara es preciso trascender las retóricas individualistas para acometer una disputa política por nuestro tiempo.
Variasi Diameter Nozzle Terhadap Lamanya Proses Vakum Pada Fresh Water Generator di Laboratorium Polimarin
Authors: Khaeroman Khaeroman , Putranto Wahyu Ari , Susanto Susanto , Arya Wiguna Rifki , Nugroho Agung
Published: December 2021

Ejector is a static pump which is worked by a vacuum principal. A vacuum which is happened in the ejector affect the performance and the ability of suction on the secondary mass flow section. A vacuum ejector in the fresh water generator affects the amount of fresh water which is generated. The objective of this research is to know the affection of variation in the outlet diameter of the nozzle towards secondary mass flow, especially on the air suction section (vacuum). In this research, an analysis has been done in a fresh water generator (FWG) with three alternative design of the outlet diameter of the nozzle using Computer Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method to get the optimal performance. The inlet pressure of primary flow is regulated to be steady at 3 bars. The variations of the diameter outlet of the nozzle are 4, 6, and 8 mm. The distance between the edge of the nozzle with outlet flow of the pipe is made at a settled position. The edge of the nozzle is at 3 mm inside the outlet flow of the pipe measured from the inside edge of the pipe. The result of CFD method is shown that on the variation of the outlet diameter of the nozzle 8 mm has the biggest mass flow (4.6838048 kg/s) between 4 and 6 mm. The implication of this research is that the outlet diameter of the nozzle 8 mm has the maximum value of a vacuum.
Maintaining Effort and Interest despite Challenges during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Process Tracing Approach to a Teacher’s Grit during an Online L2 Course
Authors: Shirvan Majid Elahi , Lou Nigel Mantou , Shahnama Mojdeh , Yazdanmehr Elham
Published: December 2021

Grit—the ability to maintain effort and interest for long-term goals—is argued to be an important individual factor for achievement, especially in the face of obstacles. However, little research has examined the possible fluctuations of effort and interest and how challenges may trigger the changes of effort and interest. In this study, we measured a teacher’s grit at the beginning of an online course during the COVID-19 pandemic, and we focused on the changes in a teacher’s effort and interest throughout the course. In this case study we unpacked the explanations of possible changes in grit via process tracing. Despite the fact that the teacher scored high on the grit scale, we found that the sudden shift from in-person to online teaching had put much pressure and demand on the teacher. The new teaching challenge influenced the teacher’s self-evaluation of their teaching performance and students’ engagement, which led to changes in effort and interest. Therefore, we argue that one’s average grit (e.g., measured by grit scale) cannot be the representation of their ability to maintain interest and effort on different occasions due to the influence of different situational causes or pressure. Specifically, during the course, the teacher’s effort and interest underwent changes on four occasions, characterized by four distinct dynamic patterns in terms of the interaction of high and low interest and effort. The four emerging patterns of L2 teacher effort and interest indicate that the construct of grit could be explained in terms of four dynamic clusters or archetypes. This study provides implications for understanding the complex dynamic nature of grit, which can be further explored through cluster analytic approaches in future studies.
The effect of project management through e-business and garage sales on poverty reduction
Authors: Hassan Mohd Sayuti , Azmi Siti Izaidah , Radzi Siti Fairuz Mohd , Aman Rahimi Che , Muhammad Zikri , Saputra Jumadil
Published: December 2021

Poverty is one of the significant problems, and almost all countries worldwide face poverty issues that negatively impact society. This study is written to investigate the students' knowledge and awareness of poverty and interest level in conducting e-business and garage sales. Also, examine the relationship of knowledge and awareness on students' intention to conduct e-business and garage sales. There were 152 respondents from the same university who participated in this study. The data analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics performed by SPSS-23 and SmartPLS 3.3.3. The survey showed that the student's knowledge and awareness of poverty are still lacking and need improvement. Half of the respondents said they are not familiar with SDG1, and they were not aware that their university has done an event related to SDG1 and poverty. There were 25% and 85% of students interested in conducting e-business and garage sales that increased their pocket money and reduced poverty rates among university students. Overall, this study's result shows a positive response from all respondents, and most of them have general ideas of poverty. In addition, this study has identified that the variable knowledge and awareness have a significant positive effect on student's intention to conduct e-business and garage sales.
Note on the fractional Mittag-Leffler functions by applying the modified Riemann-Liouville derivatives
Authors: Kilicman Adem , Saleh Wedad
Published: December 2021

In this article, the fractional derivatives in the sense of the modified Riemann-Liouville derivative is  employed for constructing some results related to Mittag-Leffler functions and established a number of important relationships between the Mittag-Leffler functions and Wright function.
Optimal correction of infeasible equations system as Ax + B|x|= b using ℓ p-norm regularization
Authors: Hashemi Fakhrodin , Ketabchi Saeed
Published: December 2021

Optimal correction of an infeasible equations system as Ax + B|x|= b leads into a non-convex fractional problem. In this paper, a regularization method(ℓp-norm, 0 < p < 1), is presented to solve mentioned fractional problem. In this method, the obtained problem can be formulated as a non-convex and nonsmooth optimization problem which is not Lipschitz. The objective function of this problem can be decomposed as a difference of convex functions (DC). For this reason, we use a special smoothing technique based on DC programming. The numerical results obtained for generated problem show high performance and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Impact of Imperial Discourses on Changing Subjectivities in Core and Periphery: A Study of British India and British Nigeria
Authors: Rafida Nawaz  , Syed Hussain Murtaza
Published: December 2021

Eurocentric imperialism incorporated the non-European geographical region in the economic and political milieu of Europe and made the world a global whole. To Mitchel Foucault, the process started with endo-colonization of European people and advent of rational governance exercises experimented first in European states and later exported to non-western regions. The study aims to analyze the different outcomes of European governmentality in European core and non-European periphery and changing subjectivities and cognitions in non-European world with ruptures accompanied by European modernity. The theoretical frame and conceptual toolkit of Archaeology/Genealogy, Governmentality, Power/knowledge etc. are borrowed from Michel Foucault the postmodern historian of ideas. For analytical purpose, the concept of Archeological historicity is linked with World System approach as employed by Lenin and Immanuel Wallerstein. The analytical scheme is to describe events in longue durée from sixteenth century; record shifts in the core Europe, and parallel shifts in peripheral colonial/postcolonial world, to understand the material and discursive conditions of existence. The finding of research is that events and processes lead to different outcomes in core and periphery. A two-level comparison is made: the comparison of European Core with two peripheral regions, i.e., British India and British Nigeria and comparison of two peripheral regions incorporated in the world system as reservoirs of raw material and market
ARPA: An autonomous renderer placement algorithm in distributed multimedia fog networks with delay guarantees
Authors: Athanasios Tsipis  , Konstantinos Oikonomou
Published: December 2021

Multimedia cloud computing has emerged as a popular paradigm for the support of delay-intolerable immersive multimedia applications with high-end three-dimensional rendering. To that end, fog computing offers distributed computational offloading solutions, by positioning rendering servers in close proximity to end users promising in this way continuous service provision, that is otherwise not easily attainable under the strictly centralized cloud-only model. Yet, in order to alleviate the multimedia providers from unnecessary capital expenditure, a strategic placement approach of the servers at the fog layer must be implemented, that can effectively cope both with the network dynamics and the overall imposed deployment cost, and still adhere to the delay bounds set forth by the multimedia application. In this paper, we formally formulate the problem as a facility location problem using constrained optimization over a finite time horizon. We then theoretically analyze the minimum acceptable conditions necessary for a decentralized location of the servers, utilizing solely local information around their immediate neighborhood, that iteratively leads to better solutions. Based on the analysis, we propose a distributed algorithm, namely the Autonomous Renderer Placement Algorithm (ARPA), to address it. ARPA employs localized service relocation to shift the placement according to simple rules that designate elastic migration, replication, and complementary consolidation of the underlying renderers. Simulation results under diversified deployment scenarios, as well as trace-driven comparisons against other approaches, testify to ARPA's accountability in obeying the delay limits and fast converge in finite time slots to a placement solution that both outperforms the baseline alternatives and is close to the optimal one, rendering it suitable for scaling up and down to meet the current demands of the offered multimedia applications.
A Synthesis of Six Recent Studies on Numerosity Abilities in an Ant
Authors: Cammaerts Marie-Claire , Cammaerts Roger
Published: December 2021

AbstractWorking on the numerosity ability of the ant Myrmica sabuleti, we have already summarized for the readers’ convenience our previous papers in two successive publications. Since that time, we have produced six more papers on the subject, and we thought it was time to present a summary of them. These studies deal with the ants’ ability in expecting the following element in an arithmetic or a geometric sequence, as well as with the required similarity between visual cues and the maximum horizontal and vertical distance between such cues enabling the ants to mentally add them up. The experimental methods that were used in these studies are here only briefly reported and their most important results are concisely related, as the extended information can be found in these six papers here summarized. We present novel tables and figures for illustrating this synthesis.
Вклад А.А. Мартиросяна в деле изучения древнейшего металлопроизводства Армении
Authors: Gevorkyan Aram
Published: December 2021

В докладе подробно рассматриваются почти все публикации А. А. Мартиросяна относительно древнейшей металлургии Армении. Разбор его работ приводится последовательно по эпохам от энеолита до урартского времени включительно. В заключении говорится об огромной заслуге А. А. Мартиросяна в деле изучения всей древнейшей культуры Армении, в том числе о его самостоятельном пути развития металлургии.
Հայաստանի քարի դարի սկզբնական նյութական մշակույթի դերն ու նշանակությունը Հայաստանի պատմագիտության ոլորտում
Authors: Yeritsyan Benik
Published: December 2021

Ներկայացվող գիտական համառոտ հոդվածում քննարկվում են օբյեկտի ուսումնասիրության առանձնահատկությունները, նրա պրակտիկ վերափոխման եղանակները, տեսության հիմնավորումը, ակնկալվող արդյունքներն ու նրանց կիրառման ոլորտները։
The Armenian-German Archaeological Project: Results from the
Excavations in Artaxata 2018–2021
Authors: Gyulamiryan Hayk , Muradyan Syuzanna , Zardaryan Mkrtich , Lichtenberger Achim , Schreiber Torben
Published: December 2021

The report deals with the first results of the Armenian-German Artaxata Project (AGAP) which started in 2018. The project focuses on the Lower City of Artashat/Artaxata, the capital of Artaxiad and Arsacid Armenia. So far, the area was investigated by over 30 hectares of magnetic prospection, large-scale excavations in over 400 sqm and selective deep drilling. Several structures of possibly domestic and public functions – in parts with an elaborate character – were uncovered. The project will continue in the years to come with further excavation campaigns.
Դվին ամրոց-սրբավայրը պատմամշակութային համատեքստում
Authors: Kocharyan Gayane
Published: December 2021

Հոդվածում ներկայացված է Դվին հնավայրի մ. թ. ա. III հազարամյակից սկսած մինչև մ. թ. IV դարն ընդգրկող մշակութային շերտերում ամրոց-սրբավայր զույգի ավանդապահ տևականության բնութագիրը: Պատմամշակութային ժառանգականոթյան հենքի վրա նորովի է վերանայվում հնագիտական և գրավոր սկզբնաղբյուրների առկա տեղեկատվությունը: Նման մոտեցումը հնարավորություն է ընձե¬ռում ուրվագծելու ժառանգված իրողությունների զարգացման բնականոն ընթացքի ուղին Դվին բազմաշերտ հնավայրում:
A Systematic Literature Review on Sustainable Fresh Food Cold Supply Chain: State-of-the-art and Future Direction
Authors:   University of Padova, Italy, Liao Jing , Danese Pamela ,   University of Padova, Italy, Vinelli Andrea ,   University of Padova, Italy, Xie Ruhe ,   Guangzhou University, P.R.China, Tang Jie ,   Guangzhou Panyu Polytechnig, P.R.China
Published: December 2021

Abstract The fresh food cold supply chain industry needs to balance environmental, social, and economic aspects to maintain the market existence. Sustainable fresh food cold supply chain is one of the recent beneficial fields that can balance environmental, social, and economic aspects. To better understand the sustainable fresh food cold supply chain, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive review research. The primary purpose of this research is to explore different insights from the existed literature that can help better achieve sustainable development of the fresh food cold supply chain. To examine various insights and gaps in sustainable fresh food cold supply chain, 142 papers are selected from the SCOPUS database (January 2001 to August 2021). The selected papers are categorized on the basis of year, authors, organizations, journals, citations, status of the country. The categorization of selected papers helps to explore various gaps. Such as SFFCSC has been studied more in developed countries and less studied in developing countries during the time between 2001 and 2017, while from 2018 till August 2021, the studies of SFFCSC in developing countries are more than in developed countries. The selection of papers in this study is limited to English publications and the SCOPUS database, which are the limitations of this study. KEYWORDS: Literature review; Sustainable fresh food cold supply chain; Sustainability; Descriptive analysis