bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enquête socio-anthropologique ex-situ : leçons méthodologiques d’une expérience en zone d’insécurité « terroriste » dans la région de l’est du Burkina Faso
Authors: Kaboré Alexis , Kaboré Ramané
Published: May 2023

L’objet de cet article méthodologique est de présenter, de façon réflexive, une autre démarche d’enquête expérimentée en socio-anthropologie comme solution à l’impossibilité de se rendre sur le terrain d’enquête à cause de l’insécurité « terroriste » qui y sévit. L’étude a pour terrain l’Est burkinabè et, pour sujet, les liens entre « terrorisme » et aires protégées. Nous avons testé l’« enquête ex-situ » par déplacement des enquêté.es et entretiens téléphoniques. La méthode se révèle porteuse d’un potentiel heuristique, méthodologique et épistémologique considérable. L’article invite à questionner la tradition méthodologique ethnographique empruntée par la socio-anthropologie au regard de la multiplication des « terrains impossibles » et des opportunités offertes par les technologies modernes de transport et de communication.
Constructing a Reproductive Health Account Under National Health Accounts Framework at Sub-District Levels in Karnataka, India
Authors: Sarkar Rupa
Published: May 2023

Reproductive Health Account construction was a long-envisioned dream in the State of Karnataka, India, for capturing inter-actor fund flows in reproductive health. Previous attempts in few states lead to successful identification of enablers and disablers within this systemic context. A Reproductive Health Account was constructed using primary reproductive health expenditure data, collected from a pre-estimated sample size of 519 households spread across 15 villages, using probability proportional to size method, from two selected sub-districts Channapatna and Ramanagara, having mediocre performance indices, within Ramanagara District of Karnataka. Secondary data were extracted from public health websites. Expenditures incurred on six types of health services by respondents of reproductive age group (15–49) during financial year, 2017–2018, within two sub-districts was collected over financial year, 2018–2019. Processed data were then converted to four ‘origin to destination’ matrices each capturing fund movement among two actors, based on accounting principles of National Health Account to develop a contextual Reproductive Health Account. Study included four actors namely financial sources, financial agents, health providers and health activities, all pertaining to reproductive health domain. Matrices helped identify a massive 87.23% burden on households, majorly financed by mortgage bearing astronomical interests and sale of meagre assets. Public sector healthcare at 5.47% was found performing unsatisfactorily. Tertiary level was absorbing disproportional amount of 62.93% funds in conjunction with the laboratory and imaging services. Moreover, pharmaceutical bills at 22.97% caused prolonged distress to these households. Government intervention towards absence and shortage of quality infrastructure at the primary and secondary sector levels needs reviewing, for containment of the massive out-of-pocket expenditures.
Kasabach–Merritt syndrome associated with infiltrating giant colonic hemangioma in a pregnant woman: Report of a fatal case
Authors: Peralta-Amaro Ana Lilia , Cadena-Corona Carlos Ublester , Domínguez-Valdez Luis Fernando , Cobos-Quevedo Orestes de Jesús , Vera-Lastra Olga Lidia , Cruz-Domínguez María del Pilar , Acosta-Jiménez Elsa , González-González Karla Lourdes
Published: May 2023

Kasabach–Merritt syndrome (KMS) is a coagulopathy characterized by thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia associated with large vascular tumors. KMS can lead to disseminated intravascular coagulation which, if not treated promptly, can be life-threatening. There are few reported cases of this syndrome and its evolution in pregnant women.
Basic concepts of medical education
Authors: Jayakody Nimeshi
Published: May 2023

Medical education is an integral part of a clinician’s role. Most clinicians learn through experience. However, learning about some of the theories that underpin medical education can inform your practice as a clinical teacher. This article aims to address some of the learning theories and how they might apply in medical education.
What Triggers You to Buy Green Products? Explaining Through an Extended TPB Model
Authors: Niloy Ahnaf Chowdhury , Sultana Jakia , Alam Jawad bin , Ghosh Apurbo , Farhan K. M.
Published: May 2023

This study aimed to identify the significant factors that affect a consumer’s decision to purchase green products by employing an extended theory of planned behavior model that includes attitude towards brand, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, digital communication, and environmental concern. Using a quantitative approach with a sample size of 441 urban residents of Bangladesh, the study utilized Structural Equation Modeling technique for data analysis. The findings revealed that purchase intention of green products is dependent on attitude towards brand, perceived behavioral control, environmental concern, and digital communication. Notably, digital communication was found to have both active and passive influences on attitude towards brand and subjective norms, while environmental concern had a passive influence on attitude towards brand and perceived behavioral control. The study concludes that digital communication is the strongest predictor of purchase intention, whereas subject norm was found statistically insignificant in generating purchase intention of green products. This study contributes to the literature by providing evidence of the usefulness of digital communication in establishing a favorable purchase intention of green products and proposes a novel approach for understanding consumer green purchases.
High catalytic performance of Fe-rich palygorskite clay-supported Ni catalysts for steam reforming of toluene
Authors: Ji Minghao , Zou Xuehua , Liu Haibo , Zhang Yinsheng , Dong Shiwei , Xu Chengrui , Xie Qiaoqin , Chen Dong , Zhu Chengzhu , Chen Tianhu
Published: May 2023

The development and application of Fe-rich palygorskite clay has been restricted significantly by its red colour and low grade. Moreover, the nano-structured properties of palygorskite and the relatively large Fe content of Fe-rich palygorskite clay have received insufficient attention. The present study involved the synthesis of Ni-based catalysts via a coprecipitation method using Fe-rich palygorskite clay as the support. The catalysts were then evaluated for their performance for catalytic steam reforming of toluene (CSRT). The experimental findings revealed that the Fe in Fe-rich palygorskite clay interacted strongly with Ni and formed Fe-Ni alloys. The catalyst with a Ni/Fe mass ratio of 14 (Ni14/FePal) calcined in air at 600°C exhibited superior performance for CSRT under the reaction temperature 700°C and S/C molar ratio of 1.0. According to the kinetics study, Ni14/FePal exhibited the lowest apparent activation energy (33.99 kJ mol−1) among the catalysts, which further confirmed the superior catalytic activity in CSRT. The characterizations of the catalysts used demonstrated that the excellent stability and resistance to coke formation of Ni14/FePal were attributable to the presence of a sufficient amount of highly dispersed Fe-Ni alloys on its surface.
European inequalities and similarities in officially recognized dental specialties
Authors: García-Espona Ignacio , García-Espona Eugenia , Alarcón José Antonio , Fernández-Serrano Javier
Published: May 2023

Background

Although the European Economic Space usually acts in a united and organized way, several main differences are found regarding the type and number of dental specialties all around this group of member states. The aim of the study is to analyse the inequalities and similarities existing between 21 European countries, highlighting the number and types of recognized dental specialties.

Methods

Available official documents and webpages from 20 out of the 30 countries of which the European Economic Space is comprised plus the United Kingdom (UK), were analysed to obtain reliable data referred to dental specialties. Differences were tested with the Lorentz curve and Gini test. Additionally, a Cluster analysis was performed to obtain groups of countries with a similar pattern in the number and type of dental specialties.

Results

Up to a total of 15 different specialties are officially recognized in all the analysed countries. Orthodontics (90%) and Oral Surgery (81%) are the two most frequently recognized specialties. The total global degree of inequality of the analysed countries was 40.2%. Cluster analysis differentiated three different main groups of countries according to the number and type of dental specialties.

Conclusions

The situation of dental specialties in the area of the EES plus the UK exhibits an unequal organization. Cluster analysis showed 3 main clusters of countries with a similar pattern of dental specialties.
Health facilities readiness to provide comprehensive abortion care and factors associated with client satisfaction in Central Oromia Region, Ethiopia: a multilevel modeling approach
Authors: Gebremariam Fikru Abebe , Habtewold Ephrem Mannekulih , Degife Dereje Tegene , Geneti Habte Bekele , Gebrekiros Damen Hailemariam
Published: May 2023

Background

In Ethiopia only 53% of induced abortions were performed in a health facility. Even though efforts have been made to improve comprehensive abortion care (CAC), still several health facilities fail to provide the services. Even in facilities where such care is provided, significant numbers of clients report their dissatisfaction with the service. Hence, this study sought to assess availability and readiness to meet the need for CAC, client satisfaction with the service and associated factors in public health facilities of East Shawa Zone, from March 1 to July 31, 2020.

Method

Cross-sectional study was conducted taking a random sample of 30 health facilities and 900 women who received CAC and providers who delivered the services. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire and observational checklist. The analysis was performed using Stata-13. Descriptive summaries were used to characterize study participants, to determine service availability and readiness of facilities. The levels of satisfaction were estimated using proportion with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Multilevel ordinal logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with service satisfaction. The magnitude of association was estimated by adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with a 95% CI, and a p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.

Results

The study found that all health facilities fulfilled at least three-fourth (75%) of the requirements that ensure CAC services availability. However, the percentage of facilities that fulfilled at least three-fourth of equipment was 60%; medicines, 56.7%; and basic amenities, 46.7%. Overall, 19.3% of women (95% CI 16.9%, 22.0%) reported very high level of satisfaction with CAC services. The levels of Satisfaction with the services were associated with being treated with second trimester abortion (AOR) = 2.07; 95% CI 1.03, 4.15) and having good procedure outcome (AOR = 2.09; 95% CI 1.09, 4.15), being treated by younger service provider, less than 35 year old (AOR = 8.58; 95% CI 3.66, 20.12), by a nurse (AOR = 2.96; 95% CI 1.49, 5.87), provider with three to five years of experience (AOR = 0.46; 95% CI 0.23, 0.92) and with the availability of essential medicines (AOR = 4.34; 95% CI 1.06, 18.20).

Conclusions

The availability of essential medicines was below the standards set by World Health Organization. The levels of satisfaction with CAC is comparably lower than other studies findings and affected by the availability of essential medicines, procedure outcome, and gestational age of terminated pregnancy, the health care provider’s age, profession and years of experience.
Comparison of population characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with type B aortic dissection or aortic intramural hematoma underwent thoracic endovascular aortic repair: a propensity score-matched analysis
Authors: Zhang Nan , Xu Tian-shu , Zhou Tie-nan , Zhang Lei , Wang Xiao-zeng , Min Ying
Published: May 2023

Backgrounds

Survival and aortic-related adverse events after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) for aortic intramural hematoma (IMH) and aortic dissection (AD) are controversial. We aimed to assess the preoperative characteristics and to evaluate TEVAR outcomes of acute type B IMH and AD.

Methods

Between June 2002 and May 2021, 83 patients with acute type B IMH and 755 patients with acute type B AD underwent TEVAR at the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command. We retrospectively analyzed data from these patients, including clinical characteristics and follow-up outcomes.

Results

The patients with IMH were significantly older than the ones with AD (P < 0.001). Diabetes mellitus (P = 0.035) and ischemic cerebrovascular disease (P = 0.017) were more common in the IMH group than in the AD group. The results demonstrated a less long-term aortic-related death-free survival rate in the IMH group than the AD group for all the patients (P = 0.014) and the matched patients (P = 0.027). It also presents a lower long-term overall survival rate (P = 0.047) and aortic-related event-free rate (P = 0.048) in the IMH group than in the matched patients.

Conclusions

Compared with AD patients, patients with IMH who underwent TEVAR had a worse long-term outcome of aortic-related survival in all and matched patients.
Protocol for a scoping review of health equity frameworks and models applied in empirical studies of chronic disease prevention and control
Authors: Walsh-Bailey Callie , Gilbert Amanda , Shato Thembekile , Sandler Brittney , Baumann Ana A. , Bradley Cory D. , McLoughlin Gabriella M. , McGuire F. Hunter , Fort Meredith P. , Tabak Rachel G.
Published: May 2023

Background

Chronic diseases, such as cancers and cardiovascular diseases, present the greatest burden of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This burden disproportionately affects historically marginalized populations. Health equity is rapidly gaining increased attention in public health, health services, and implementation research, though many health inequities persist. Health equity frameworks and models (FM) have been called upon to guide equity-focused chronic disease and implementation research. However, there is no clear synthesis of the health equity FM used in chronic disease research or how these are applied in empirical studies. This scoping review seeks to fill this gap by identifying and characterizing health equity FM applied in empirical studies along the chronic disease prevention and control continuum, describing how these FM are used, and exploring potential applications to the field of implementation science.

Methods

We follow established guidance for conducting scoping reviews, which includes six stages: (1) identify the research question; (2) identify relevant studies; (3) select studies for inclusion; (4) data extraction; (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results; and (6) consultation. This protocol presents the iterative, collaborative approach taken to conceptualize this study and develop the search strategy. We describe the criteria for inclusion in this review, methods for conducting two phases of screening (title and abstract, full text), data extraction procedures, and quality assurance approaches taken throughout the project.

Discussion

The findings from this review will inform health-equity focused chronic disease prevention and control research. FM identified through this review will be added to an existing website summarizing dissemination and implementation science frameworks, and we will offer case examples and recommendations for utilizing a health equity FM in empirical studies. Our search strategy and review methodology may serve as an example for scholars seeking to conduct reviews of health equity FM in other health disciplines.

Systematic review registration

Open Science Framework Registration https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SFVE6
Six new species of zombie-ant fungi from Yunnan in China
Authors: Tang Dexiang , Huang Ou , Zou Weiqiu , Wang Yuanbing , Wang Yao , Dong Quanying , Sun Tao , Yang Gang , Yu Hong
Published: May 2023

Some Ophiocordyceps species infecting ants are able to manipulate the host behavior. The hosts are manipulated in order to move to location that are advantageous for fungal spore transmission. Ophiocordyceps species that are able to manipulate the ant's behavior are called "zombie-ant fungi". They are widespread within tropical forests worldwide, with relatively few reports from subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaf forest. Zombie-ant fungi have been described and reported in different countries worldwide. However, there were a few reports from China. This study proposed six new species of zombie-ant fungi from China based on multi-gene (SSU, LSU, TEF, RPB1 and RPB2) phylogenetic analyses and morphological characteristics. Six novel species of Ophiocordyceps from China were identified as the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis core clade, forming a separate lineage with other species. Six novel species of Ophiocordyceps with hirsutella-like asexual morphs exclusively infecting ants were presented herein, namely, Ophiocordyceps acroasca, Ophiocordyceps bifertilis, Ophiocordyceps subtiliphialida, Ophiocordyceps basiasca, Ophiocordyceps nuozhaduensis and Ophiocordyceps contiispora. Descriptions and illustrations for six taxon were provided. Five of these species were collected from the subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaf forest, and one was collected from the rainforest and subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaf forest. This work proposes that the same host of Camponotus can be infected by multiple ant pathogenic fungi, while multiple ants of Polyrhachis can be infected by the same pathogenic fungi at the same time. This study contributes towards a better understanding of the evolutionary relationship between hosts and fungi, and provides novel insights into the morphology, distribution, parasitism, and ecology of Ophiocordyceps unilateralis sensu lato. We have provided a method for obtaining living cultures of Ophiocordyceps unilateralis complex species and their asexual morphs based on the living cultures, which is of significant value for further studies of Ophiocordyceps unilateralis complex species in the future.
Partnering With All Patients: Ensuring Shared Decision Making and Evidence-Based Management for Underrepresented Groups With Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Cerchione Claudio , Grant Shakira J. , Ailawadhi Sikander
Published: May 2023

Several landmark therapeutic advances in multiple myeloma (MM) have led to an unprecedented number of options available to patients and their physicians as shared decision making is attempted. A myriad of factors need to be considered to ensure that patient-, disease-, and treatment-related factors are addressed to arrive at the most appropriate choice for patients at that time in their journey with myeloma. Some of these factors have traditionally remained underaddressed but have a clear association with patient outcomes, leading to underrepresented groups of patients with MM, including the elderly patients, racial-ethnic minorities, and those with specific advanced comorbidities, for example, renal insufficiency. Some of these factors may not be modifiable, but data suggest that they may give rise to implicit or explicit bias and affect treatment decisions. A growing body of literature is bringing these factors to light. However, their incorporation in day-to-day decision making for patients needs to be universal. It is imperative that prospective data are generated for all these and other underrepresented groups such that evidence-based medicine is applicable universally to all patients with MM, irrespective of clinical and sociodemographic factors.
Expert Recommendations for the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management of Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Latin America
Authors: Basquiera Ana Lisa , Seiwald Maria Cristina , Best Aguilera Carlos Roberto , Enciso Leonardo , Fernandez Isolda , Jansen Angela Marie , Nunes Elenaide , Sanchez del Villar Matias , Urbalejo Ceniceros Victor I. , Rocha Vanderson
Published: May 2023

PURPOSE

Despite strong induction chemotherapy response rates, only 30%-40% of patients with adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) attain long-term remission. This study analyzes ALL in Latin America (LA) and recommends diagnosis, treatment, and management protocols.

METHODS

The Americas Health Foundation organized a panel of hematologists from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico to examine ALL diagnosis and therapy and produce recommendations.

RESULTS

Lack of regional data, unequal access to diagnosis and therapy, inadequate treatment response, and uneven health care distribution complicate adult ALL management. The panel recommended diagnosis, first-line and refractory treatment, and post-transplantation maintenance. Targeted treatments, including rituximab, blinatumomab, and inotuzumab ozogamicin, are becoming available in LA and must be equitably accessed.

CONCLUSION

This review adapts global information on treating ALL to LA. Governments, the medical community, society, academia, industry, and patient advocates must work together to improve policies.
Novel Cyclopropyl Compounds, Cyclopropylvirgines A to G, from the Fruiting Bodies of Amanita Virgineoides
Authors: Wu Jing , Kamiishi Yusaku , Shimozaki Kouhei , Kondo Mitsuru , Hashimoto Masaru , Choi Jae-Hoon , D’Alessandro-Gabazza Corina N , Toda Masaaki , Yasuma Taro , Gabazza Esteban C , Hirai Hirofumi , Kawagishi Hirokazu
Published: May 2023

Seven novel compounds (1–7) along with four known compounds (8–11) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Amanita virgineoides. The structures of 1–7 were determined by the interpretation of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1–7 were racemates, and 5–7 were separated to each enantiomer (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b). The absolute configurations of compounds 5a and 5b were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, and those of 6a, 6b, 7a and 7b were determined by comparison of their CD spectra with those of l-cyclopropylalanine, 5a and 5b. Although compounds 5b, 8–11 had been synthesized, they were isolated from a natural source for the first time. Compounds 6b, 8 and 11 showed significant inhibition activity against Axl and/or immune checkpoint (PD-L1, PD-L2).
Αντιλήψεις εκπαιδευτικών προσχολικής ηλικίας για τις απαιτήσεις που εγείρει ο αναστοχασμός
Authors: Κοκκόση Αγγελική , Πούλου Μαρία , Κουστουράκης Γεράσιμος , Χανιωτάκης Νικόλαος
Published: May 2023

Το συγκεκριμένο άρθρο μελετά τις αντιλήψεις των εκπαιδευτικών προσχολικής ηλικίας σχετικά με το ποιες απαιτήσεις εγείρει ένας επιτυχημένος αναστοχασμός. Σύμφωνα με τη βιβλιογραφία οι εκπαιδευτικοί για να αναστοχαστούν αποτελεσματικά θα πρέπει να διαθέτουν ορισμένα χαρακτηριστικά και ορισμένες ικανότητες. Συγκεκριμένα, να έχουν την ικανότητα να παρατηρούν την προβληματική κατάσταση που αντιμετωπίζουν, να την περιγράφουν, να την αναλύουν στα επιμέρους στοιχεία από τα οποία συγκροτείται και να αξιολογούν όλες τις πληροφορίες ώστε να καταλήγουν στις πιθανές λύσεις. Ακόμα, να έχει ανοιχτούς ορίζοντες, εξετάζοντας όλες τις απόψεις και τις πληροφορίες από όποια πηγή κι αν προέρχονται, να συμμετέχει ολόψυχα στην αναστοχαστική διαδικασία, να θέτει σε κρίση συνεχώς τις ενέργειες του, να αντιλαμβάνεται τις επιπτώσεις των αποφάσεων και των πράξεων του, να επιζητά τη δια βίου μάθηση και την προσωπική και επαγγελματική του εξέλιξη. Η έρευνα είχε διάρκεια τέσσερις εβδομάδες και συμμετείχαν 47 εκπαιδευτικοί προσχολικής ηλικίας που υπηρετούν σε δημόσια νηπιαγωγεία της Δυτικής Ελλάδας. Για την άντληση των δεδομένων χρησιμοποιήθηκε ένα τμήμα από ένα εβδομαδιαίο ημερολόγιο αναστοχασμού που σχεδιάστηκε στα πλαίσια διεξαγωγής διδακτορικής έρευνας. Προκειμένου να διασφαλιστεί η πληρέστερη κατανόηση του ζητήματος που εξετάζεται ακολουθήθηκε η έρευνα μεικτών μεθόδων για την ανάλυση των εμπειρικών δεδομένων. Χρησιμοποιήθηκε το λογισμικό ποιοτικής ανάλυσης NVivo-8 και το στατιστικό πακέτο SPSS. Από τα αποτελέσματα της μελέτης προέκυψε ότι όσο περνούν οι εβδομάδες συμπλήρωσης του ημερολογίου αναστοχασμού οι εκπαιδευτικοί προσχολικής ηλικίας αναφέρουν όλο και περισσότερα κριτήρια- απαιτήσεις, τα οποία εντοπίζονται στη θεωρία του Dewey ως βασικά στοιχεία στη διαδικασία του αναστοχασμού.
Καλλιέργεια της δημιουργικότητας μαθητών Δημοτικού μέσω στοχευμένων δραστηριοτήτων εντός του Αναλυτικού Προγράμματος
Authors: Ιωαννίδου Ασημίνα , Ζμπάινος Δημήτριος , Καρατζάνος Δημήτριος , Σαγιά Χάρις
Published: May 2023

Η παρούσα έρευνα εστιάζει στη μελέτη των αντιλήψεων των εκπαιδευτικών και των μαθητών αναφορικά με τη δημιουργικότητα των τελευταίων, καθώς και στην καλλιέργεια της δημιουργικότητας μαθητών Ε΄ και Στ΄ τάξης Δημοτικού μέσα από την εφαρμογή στοχευμένων δραστηριοτήτων στο μάθημα της Γλώσσας. Για τον σκοπό αυτό διενεργήθηκε μία έρευνα ημι-πειραματικού σχεδιασμού. Το δείγμα αποτέλεσαν 98 μαθητές με μέση ηλικία τα 11,5 έτη, οι οποίοι χωρίστηκαν σε πειραματική ομάδα, στην οποία εφαρμόστηκαν οι δραστηριότητες και σε ομάδα ελέγχου, στην οποία δε διενεργήθηκε καμία παρέμβαση. Τα δεδομένα συλλέχθηκαν μέσα από ένα ερωτηματολόγιο αυτό-αναφοράς για την καταγραφή των αντιλήψεων των εκπαιδευτικών και των μαθητών για τη δημιουργικότητα των μαθητών και ένα αυτοσχέδιο εργαλείο αξιολόγησης της δημιουργικότητας, το οποίο αποτελούνταν από δύο ισοδύναμα μέρη, ένα για την προ-μέτρηση και ένα για τη μετα-μέτρηση. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν πως η δημιουργικότητα μπορεί να καλλιεργηθεί ακόμα και σε ένα κεντρικά κατευθυνόμενο Αναλυτικό Πρόγραμμα και ως εκ τούτου η εφαρμογή στοχευμένων δραστηριοτήτων για την καλλιέργεια της δημιουργικότητας στο πλαίσιο των καθημερινών μαθημάτων είναι εφικτή και αποτελεσματική.
Αποδομώντας πέντε διαδεδομένους μύθους για τη χαρισματικότητα και τους χαρισματικούς μαθητές
Authors: Τουλουμάκου Άννα , Μπελογιάννη Βασιλική , Barrable Alexia , Λαδά Μαρία Σταυρούλα
Published: May 2023

Τα χαρισματικά παιδιά αποτελούν έναν σχετικά παραμελημένο μαθητικό πληθυσμό, με περιορισμένη πρόσβαση σε εξειδικευμένες εκπαιδευτικές παρεμβάσεις για την καλλιέργεια και την ανάδειξη των ιδιαίτερων ταλέντων τους. Η επικράτηση μιας σειράς παρανοήσεων γύρω από τη χαρισματικότητα, τις ανάγκες και τα χαρακτηριστικά των χαρισματικών μαθητών τείνει να δυσχεραίνει περαιτέρω την προσπάθεια για την αποτελεσματική εκπαιδευτική και ψυχοπαιδαγωγική τους προσέγγιση. Υπό αυτό το πρίσμα, η παρούσα εργασία αποβλέπει στην αποδόμηση πέντε ιδιαίτερα διαδεδομένων μύθων γύρω από τη χαρισματικότητα και τους χαρισματικούς μαθητές, όπως αυτοί εντοπίστηκαν μέσω απλής ανασκόπησης στη διεθνή και την ελληνική βιβλιογραφία και εκκινώντας από σχετικό αφιερωματικό τεύχος του περιοδικού Gifted Childhood Quarterly. Από την ανασκόπηση διαπιστώθηκαν και αναδεικνύονται πέντε συχνές παρανοήσεις και στερεότυπα σχετικά με τον ορισμό, τις εκδηλώσεις της χαρισματικότητας, καθώς και με τις ανάγκες και τις δυνατότητες των χαρισματικών μαθητών. Η αποδόμησή τους γίνεται μέσα από την αντιπαραβολή ερευνητικών ευρημάτων και σύγχρονων επιστημονικών θεωριών που ενισχύουν τη γνώση για την εκπαίδευση των χαρισματικών παιδιών και προωθούν τεκμηριωμένες πρακτικές για τη συμπερίληψη των μαθητών αυτών.
Παράγοντες που ανάγονται σε επίπεδο σχολικής μονάδας και καθορίζουν την ενεργό συμμετοχή των μαθητών
Authors: Τσιάρα Ευθυμία , Σακελλαριου Μαριγούλα , Καλογιαννάκη Πέλλα , Κόνσολας Εμμανουήλ
Published: May 2023

Η σχολική μονάδα ως περιβάλλον και πεδίο μάθησης μπορεί να διαφοροποιήσει την αλληλεπίδραση των μαθητών τόσο μεταξύ τους όσο και με τον εκπαιδευτικό, αλλά και να καθορίσει την ενεργό συμμετοχή τους στη διαδικασία μάθησης. Η σχολική μονάδα διέπεται από ποικίλους παράγοντες που αναφέρονται στον σχολικό χώρο και τα προσδιοριστικά του χαρακτηριστικά, στο παιδαγωγικό κλίμα με τις διαπροσωπικές σχέσεις που σε αυτό αναπτύσσονται, καθώς και στο επίσημο αναλυτικό πρόγραμμα που εφαρμόζεται. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη λοιπόν τους παραπάνω παράγοντες, όπως προσδιορίζονται στη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία, κρίνουμε απαραίτητο να διερευνήσουμε τις απόψεις εν ενεργεία Ελλήνων εκπαιδευτικών αναφορικά με την επίδραση που οι ενδοσχολικοί παράγοντες ασκούν στην ενεργό συμμετοχή των μαθητών προσχολικής και πρώτης σχολικής ηλικίας. Για τον παραπάνω σκοπό πραγματοποιήσαμε ημιδομημένες ατομικές συνεντεύξεις σε δείγμα 95 εκπαιδευτικών πρωτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης. Για τον σχεδιασμό των συνεντεύξεων υιοθετήσαμε το μοντέλο οργάνωσης και λήψης συνέντευξης της Creswell (2008), ενώ για τη διεξαγωγή τους χρησιμοποιήσαμε οδηγό συνέντευξης με 198 ερωτήσεις ανοιχτού και κλειστού τύπου. Πρόκειται για μια διετή έρευνα που πραγματοποιήθηκε σε δύο φάσεις κατά τα διδακτικά έτη 2017-18 και 2019-2020. Τα αποτελέσματα από την ποσοτική και ποιοτική (επαγωγική ανάλυση δεδομένων) ανάλυση των δεδομένων δείχνουν ότι οι εκπαιδευτικοί του δείγματος αναγνωρίζουν ότι η σχολική μονάδα ως σύνολο ενδοσχολικών παραγόντων που τη διέπουν καθορίζει σημαντικά τα επίπεδα ενεργού συμμετοχής που οι μαθητές επιδεικνύουν. Οι  συνεντευξιαζόμενοι, αν και προσδίδουν υψηλή σημαντικότητα στο παιδαγωγικό κλίμα και στο ανθρώπινο δυναμικό που στελεχώνει τη σχολική μονάδα, και ακολούθως στις κτιριακές υποδομές και το διαθέσιμο εποπτικό υλικό, αναγνωρίζουν ότι ο συνδυασμός των διάφορων ενδοσχολικών παραγόντων διαμορφώνουν εν τέλει την ενεργό συμμετοχή των μαθητών.
Scopus based bibliometric and scientometric analysis of occupational therapy publications from 2001 to 2020
Authors: Sau Koushik , Nayak Yogendra
Published: May 2023

Background: Occupational therapy (OT) is one of the allied health professions, with its first journals in 1920. The main objective of this study was to find out the publication trend in the field of OT research for the period of 2001-2020 using the principles of bibliometrics and scientometrics.

Methods: The data was retrieved from Scopus from the past 20 years (2001-2020). VOSviewer software was used to find year-wise publications in OT-specific and non-OT-specific Journals along with top journals, countries, organisations, authors, cited articles, and highly used keywords.

Results: There was a steady growth of OT articles over the past 20 years. Scopus indexes 16 OT-specific journals are identified. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, British Journal of Occupational Therapy Journal, Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, and Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy are the leading publications and citations. A comparison of OT-specific and non-OT journals inferred that the OT-specific papers are three times more published in non-OT journals. There is a trend in publishing multidisciplinary medical journals than OT journals. The US publishes the most articles, followed by the UK, Australia, Canada, and Germany. Though the US alone produced a considerable number of articles (9517), only five organisations are listed in the top 20, compared to Canada (n=6) and Australia (n=5). Australia represents the highest number of published authors (n=11/20). Canada represents a highly cited author from the top-cited publications. The five common keywords used by OT-authors are "occupational therapy", “rehabilitation”, “stroke”, “physical therapy,” and “activities of daily living”. This study lists top-20 journals along with their CiteScore and Journal Impact Factor.

Conclusions: This study will help the budding researchers in OT to select a suitable quality journal for publication and, further, helpful for research promotion, researcher incentivising, grant allocations, and policymakers in the OT field.
ЗАМЕТКИ О ПРАВЕ И ПОЛИТИКЕ. ОТ ГЛАВНОГО РЕДАКТОРА АВТОРАМ И ЧИТАТЕЛЯМ ЖУРНАЛА RUSSIAN STUDIES IN LAW AND POLITICS
Authors: Bolshakova Valentina M.
Published: May 2023

Вас встречает 4 номер научно-практического и общественно-политического рецензируемого журнала по праву и политологии Russian Studies in Law and Politics (Российский журнал по праву и политологии) за 2022 год.

2022 год был богат на представительские научные мероприятия, публикации фундаментальных теоретических и практических юридических исследований, а также интересные и острые социально-правовые и политические дискуссии, которые нашли свое отражение на страницах ведущих научных и общественно-политических изданий. Наш журнал не стал исключением, на его страницах в течение года издавались любопытные и глубокие исследовательские статьи, вызвавшие живой интерес различных категорий читателей: профессиональных юристов и специалистов в области политологии.

Представляемый номер знаковый для коллектива издателя, редакционной коллегии журнала и его читателей. Заданный издательством и редакцией журнала подход к сплошному предварительному экспертному изучению работ, их двойному слепому рецензированию соответствуют самым высоким международным стандартам. Этот подход, а также качество публикуемых материалов, обеспечили включение журнала в Перечень рецензируемых научных изданий, в которых должны быть опубликованы основные научные результаты диссертаций на соискание ученой степени кандидата наук, на соискание ученой степени доктора наук Высшей аттестационной комиссии при Минобрнауки России по состоянию на 20 декабря 2022 года по трем научным специальностям: 5.1.2. Публично-правовые (государственно-правовые) науки (юридические науки); 5.1.3. Частно-правовые (цивилистические) науки (юридические науки); 5.5.3. Государственное управление и отраслевые политики (политические науки).

Включение журнала в указанный перечень это показатель высокой оценки со стороны экспертного научного сообщества профессиональному труду редакции журнала и Научно-инновационного центра, деятельность которого по изданию многопрофильных научных журналов давно является знаком качества, как в России, так и за рубежом.

Тематика публикуемых статей и их структурная, содержательная, стилистическая, рубрикационная и смысловая направленность могут быть различными и нередко содержать в себе плюральные научно-теоретические, правоприменительные и политические мнения. Неизменным были и остаются редакционные требования к высокому научному качеству, оригинальности и новизне представляемых и публикуемых в журнале материалов.

В 2023 году редакция журнала ждет от потенциальных авторов фундаментальных, прикладных, эмпирических и обзорных исследований в области права и политики, а также научных сообщений о крупных научных мероприятиях и профессиональных рецензий на научные и учебные издания от ведущих отечественных и зарубежных ученых на русском и английском языке. Надеемся, что публикуемые материалы будут полезны читателям и позволят и дальше популяризовать в обществе и использовать научные знания в практике.
Technical Note—The Complexity of the Pricing Problem of the Set Partitioning Formulation of Vehicle Routing Problems
Authors: Spliet Remy
Published: May 2023

The pricing problem of vehicle routing problems is strongly NP hard. Many algorithms for finding optimal solutions to various vehicle routing problems rely on a subroutine to solve a so-called pricing problem of a set partitioning formulation. Only exponential time algorithms are known for these pricing problems. Therefore, the set partitioning formulation is oftentimes relaxed at the expense of weaker LP bounds, so that the resulting pricing problem can now be solved using a pseudopolynomial or polynomial time algorithm. In “The Complexity of the Pricing Problem of the Set Partitioning Formulation of Vehicle Routing Problems,” it is proven by Remy Spliet that the pricing problem is strongly NP hard for many different vehicle routing problems. This means that, unless P = NP, no pseudopolynomial or polynomial time algorithm exists for the pricing problem, justifying the common use of relaxations.
Education Select Committee Inquiry
Authors: Cowley Sue
Published: May 2023

The Education Select Committee is currently undertaking an inquiry into support for childcare and early years. In the latest session, expert witnesses were quizzed about their thoughts on the Budget's childcare announcements. Sue Cowley summarises the fourth oral evidence session.
Supporting service children in early years education
Authors: Barton Debra
Published: May 2023

In the last of this three-part series, Debra Barton, early years specialist lead for the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Armed Forces Families & Safeguarding (AFFS) team, gives an overview of the challenges service families face when trying to access childcare, and how early childhood education and childcare providers can help with this process. Barton also shares ideas of how providers can reflect on and improve their offering to young service children.
Professional Book Reviews
Authors: Celinska Angelica
Published: May 2023

Angelica Celinska, Founder of The Voice of Early Childhood, reviews a book about working with families, and taking this beyond the classroom. This book will certainly spark curiosity around the issues it discusses. The picture books develop empathy and maths skills in young readers.
Achieving EYTS a different way
Authors: Marycz Adam
Published: May 2023

My route to becoming a nursery manager, early childhood writer and lecturer, including achieving Early Years Teacher Status during the COVID pandemic has followed a more unconventional route. This month I provide a brief reflection on my journey
Absolute prediction of relative changes in contrast sensitivity with aberrations using a single metric of retinal image quality
Authors: Leroux Charles , Ouadi Sarah , Leahy Conor , Marc Isabelle , Fontvieille Christophe , Bardin Fabrice
Published: May 2023

Metrics of retinal image quality predict optimal refractive corrections and correlate with visual performance. To date, they do not predict absolutely the relative change in visual performance when aberrations change and therefore need to be a-posteriori rescaled to match relative measurements. Here we demonstrate that a recently proposed metric can be used to predict, in an absolute manner, changes in contrast sensitivity measurements with Sloan letters when aberrations change. Typical aberrations of young and healthy eyes (for a 6 mm pupil diameter) were numerically introduced, and we measured the resulting loss in contrast sensitivity of subjects looking through a 2 mm diameter pupil. Our results suggest that the metric can be used to corroborate measurements of visual performance in clinical practice, thereby potentially improving patient follow-ups.
Prevalence and molecular characterization of Entamoeba moshkovskii in diarrheal patients from Eastern India
Authors: Sardar Sanjib K. , Ghosal Ajanta , Haldar Tapas , Maruf Maimoon , Das Koushik , Saito-Nakano Yumiko , Kobayashi Seiki , Dutta Shanta , Nozaki Tomoyoshi , Ganguly Sandipan
Published: May 2023

Background

Importance of the amphizoic amoeba Entamoeba moshkovskii is increasing in the study of amoebiasis as a common human pathogen in some settings. Limited studies are found on the genetic and phylogenetic characterization of E. moshkovskii from India; hence remain largely unknown. In this study, we determined the prevalence and characterized the E. moshkovskii isolates in eastern India.

Methods

A three-year systemic surveillance study among a total of 6051 diarrhoeal patients from ID Hospital and BC Roy Hospital, Kolkata was conducted for E. moshkovskii detection via a nested PCR system targeting 18S rRNA locus. The outer primer set detected the genus Entamoeba and the inner primer pair identified the E. moshkovskii species. The 18S rRNA locus of the positive samples was sequenced. Genetic and phylogenetic structures were determined using DnaSP.v5 and MEGA-X. GraphPad Prism (v.8.4.2), CA, USA was used to analyze the statistical data.

Result

4.84% (95%CI = 0.0433–0.0541) samples were positive for Entamoeba spp and 3.12% (95%CI = 0.027–0.036) were infected with E. moshkovskii. E. moshkovskii infection was significantly associated with age groups (X2 = 26.01, P<0.0001) but not with gender (Fisher’s exact test = 0.2548, P<0.05). A unique seasonal pattern was found for E. moshkovskii infection. Additionally, 46.56% (95%CI = 0.396–0.537) were sole E. moshkovskii infections and significantly associated with diarrheal incidence (X2 = 335.5,df = 9; P<0.0001). Sequencing revealed that the local E. moshkovskii strains were 99.59%-100% identical to the prototype (GenBank: KP722605.1). The study found certain SNPs that showed a correlation with clinical features, but it is not necessarily indicative of direct control over pathogenicity. However, SNPs in the 18S rRNA gene could impact the biology of the amoeba and serve as a useful phylogenetic marker for identifying pathogenic E. moshkovskii isolates. Neutrality tests of different coinfected subgroups indicated deviations from neutrality and implied population expansion after a bottleneck event or a selective sweep and/or purifying selection in co-infected subgroups. The majority of FST values of different coinfected subgroups were <0.25, indicating low to moderate genetic differentiation within the subgroups of this geographical area.

Conclusion

The findings reveal the epidemiological significance of E. moshkovskii infection in Eastern India as the first report in this geographical area and expose this species as a possible emerging enteric pathogen in India. Our findings provide useful knowledge for further research and the development of future control strategies against E. moshkovskii.
TLR3 activation by Clonorchis sinensis infection alleviates the fluke-induced liver fibrosis
Authors: Wang Yuru , Gong Pengtao , Zhang Xuancheng , Wang Xiaocen , Zhang Xu , Zhang Nan , Yu Yanhui , Ma Yeting , Zhang Haoyang , Zhang Xichen , Li Xin , Li Jianhua
Published: May 2023

Clonorchis sinensis is a zoonotic parasite associated with liver fibrosis and cholangiocarcinoma development. The role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in C. sinensis infection has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, the TLR3 signaling pathway, cytokine expression and liver fibrosis were examined in C. sinensis-infected wildtype (WT) and TLR3-/- mice. Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (Poly (I:C)) was used to treat C. sinensis infections. The results showed that TLR3 deficiency caused severe clonorchiasis with increased parasite burden, exacerbated proinflammatory cytokine expression and liver lesions, promoted the TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway and myofibroblast activation, exacerbated liver fibrosis (compared to WT mice). Poly (I:C) intervention increased the body weight, decreased mouse mortality and parasite burden, reduced liver inflammation, and alleviated C. sinensis-induced liver fibrosis. Furthermore, C. sinensis extracellular vesicles (CsEVs) promote the production of IL-6, TNF in WT biliary epithelial cells (BECs) via p38/ERK pathway, compared with control group, while TLR3 deletion induced much higher levels of IL-6 and TNF in TLR3-/- BECs than that in WT BECs. Taken together, TLR3 inhibit IL-6 and TNF production via p38/ERK signaling pathway, a phenomenon that resulted in the alleviation of C. sinensis-induced liver fibrosis. Poly (I:C) is a potential treatment for clonorchiasis.
Hand instrumentation provides improved tissue response over ultrasonic scaler and substantiates safe dental practice: An in vivo study in rats
Authors: de Almeida Juliano Milanezi , de Araujo Nathália Januario , Matheus Henrique Rinaldi , de Abreu Furquim Elisa Mara , Piovezan Bianca Rafaeli , Fiorin Luiz Guilherme , Ervolino Edilson
Published: May 2023

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hand debridement (HD) versus ultrasonic dental scaler (UDS) for the treatment of experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats.

Material and methods

Thirty 3‐month‐old male rats were used. EP was induced around the mandibular first molars (right and left). Seven days after induction, the treatments with either HD (n = 30) or UDS (n = 30) were randomly performed in each molar. Euthanasia were performed at 7, 15, and 30 days after treatment. Histometric (percentage of bone in the furcation [PBF]), histopathological, and immunohistochemical (for detection of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase [TRAP] and osteocalcin [OCN]). Parametric data (PBF and TRAP) was analyzed by One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-test. OCN was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis followed by Student-Newman-Keuls post-test. The level of significance was 5%.

Results

Group HD presented higher PBF and lower TRAP-immunolabeling at 30 days as compared with UDS in the same period (p≤0.05). Group HD presented higher OCN immunolabeling at 30 days as compared with 7 and 15 days (p≤0.05). Persistent and exacerbated inflammatory process was observed in some specimens from group UDS at 30 days, as well as the bone trabeculae presented irregular contour, surrounded by many active osteoclasts.

Conclusion

Nonsurgical periodontal therapy with HD resulted in higher PBF and lower expression of TRAP as compared with UDS. Also, HD increased the expression of OCN over time.
Validation of a pre-established triage protocol for critically ill patients in a COVID-19 outbreak under resource scarcity: A retrospective multicenter cohort study
Authors: Donat Nicolas , Mellati Nouchan , Frumento Thibault , Cirodde Audrey , Gette Sébastien , Guitard Pierre Gildas , Hoffmann Clément , Veber Benoît , Leclerc Thomas
Published: May 2023

Introduction

In case of COVID-19 related scarcity of critical care resources, an early French triage algorithm categorized critically ill patients by probability of survival based on medical history and severity, with four priority levels for initiation or continuation of critical care: P1 –high priority, P2 –intermediate priority, P3 –not needed, P4 –not appropriate. This retrospective multi-center study aimed to assess its classification performance and its ability to help saving lives under capacity saturation.

Methods

ICU patients admitted for severe COVID-19 without triage in spring 2020 were retrospectively included from three hospitals. Demographic data, medical history and severity items were collected. Priority levels were retrospectively allocated at ICU admission and on ICU day 7–10. Mortality rate, cumulative incidence of death and of alive ICU discharge, length of ICU stay and of mechanical ventilation were compared between priority levels. Calculated mortality and survival were compared between full simulated triage and no triage.

Results

225 patients were included, aged 63.1±11.9 years. Median SAPS2 was 40 (IQR 29–49). At the end of follow-up, 61 (27%) had died, 26 were still in ICU, and 138 had been discharged. Following retrospective initial priority allocation, mortality rate was 53% among P4 patients (95CI 34–72%) versus 23% among all P1 to P3 patients (95CI 17–30%, chi-squared p = 5.2e-4). The cumulative incidence of death consistently increased in the order P3, P1, P2 and P4 both at admission (Gray’s test p = 3.1e-5) and at reassessment (p = 8e-5), and conversely for that of alive ICU discharge. Reassessment strengthened consistency. Simulation under saturation showed that this two-step triage protocol could have saved 28 to 40 more lives than no triage.

Conclusion

Although it cannot eliminate potentially avoidable deaths, this triage protocol proved able to adequately prioritize critical care for patients with highest probability of survival, hence to save more lives if applied.