bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Web-Based Discussion and Illicit Street Sales of Tapentadol and Oxycodone in Australia: Epidemiological Surveillance Study (Preprint)
Authors: Black Joshua , Margolin Zachary R , Bau Gabrielle , Olson Richard , Iwanicki Janetta L , Dart Richard C
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Opioid use disorder and its consequences are a persistent public health concern for Australians. Web activity has been used to understand the perception of drug safety and diversion of drugs in contexts outside of Australia. The anonymity of the internet offers several advantages for surveilling and inquiring about specific covert behaviors, such as diversion or discussion of sensitive subjects where traditional surveillance approaches might be limited.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to characterize the content of web posts and compare reports of illicit sales of tapentadol and oxycodone from sources originating in Australia. First, post content is evaluated to determine whether internet discussion encourages or discourages proper therapeutic use of the drugs. Second, we hypothesize that tapentadol would have lower street price and fewer illicit sales than oxycodone.

METHODS

Web posts originating in Australia between 2017 and 2019 were collected using the Researched Abuse, Diversion, and Addiction-Related Surveillance System Web Monitoring Program. Using a manual coding process, unstructured post content from social media, blogs, and forums was categorized into topics of discussion related to the harms and behaviors that could lead to harm. Illicit sales data in a structured format were collected through a crowdsourcing website between 2016 and 2019 using the Researched Abuse, Diversion, and Addiction-Related Surveillance System StreetRx Program. In total, 2 multivariable regression models assessed the differences in illicit price and number of sales.

RESULTS

A total of 4.7% (28/600) of tapentadol posts discussed an adverse event, whereas 10.27% (95% CI 9.32-11.21) of oxycodone posts discussed this topic. A total of 10% (60/600) of tapentadol posts discussed unsafe use or side effects, whereas 20.17% (95% CI 18.92-21.41) of oxycodone posts discussed unsafe use or side effects. There were 31 illicit sales reports for tapentadol (geometric mean price per milligram: Aus $0.12 [US $0.09]) and 756 illicit sales reports for oxycodone (Aus $1.28 [US $0.91]). Models detected no differences in the street price or number of sales between the drugs when covariates were included, although the potency of the pill significantly predicted the street price (P<.001) and availability predicted the number of sales (P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

Australians searching the web for opinions could judge tapentadol as safer than oxycodone because of the web post content. The illicit sales market for tapentadol was smaller than that of oxycodone, and drug potency and licit availability are likely important factors influencing the illicit market.
Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation Using Machine Learning with Wearable Devices after Cardiac Surgery (Preprint)
Authors: Hiraoka Daisuke , Inui Tomohiko , Kawakami Eiryo , Oya Megumi , Tsuji Ayumu , Honma Koya , Kawasaki Yohei , Ozawa Yoshihito , Shiko Yuki , Ueda Hideki , Kohno Hiroki , Matsuura Kaoru , Watanabe Michiko , Yakita Yasunori , Matsumiya Goro
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Some attempts have been made to detect atrial fibrillation with a wearable device equipped with photoelectric volumetric pulse wave technology, and it is expected to be applied under real clinical conditions.

OBJECTIVE

This study is the second part of a two-phase study aimed at developing a method for immediate detection of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) using a wearable device with built-in PPG. The objective of this study is to develop an algorithm to immediately diagnose atrial fibrillation by wearing an Apple Watch equipped with a photoplethysmography (PPG) sensor on patients undergoing cardiac surgery and using machine learning of the pulse data output from the device.

METHODS

A total of 80 subjects who underwent cardiac surgery at a single institution between June 2020 and March 2021 were monitored for postoperative atrial fibrillation using telemetry monitored ECG and Apple Watch. Atrial fibrillation was diagnosed by qualified physicians from telemetry-monitored ECGs and 12-lead ECGs; a diagnostic algorithm was developed using machine learning on pulse rate data output from the Apple Watch.

RESULTS

One of the 80 patients was excluded from the analysis due to redness of the Apple Watch wearer. 27 (34.2%) of the 79 patients developed AF, and 199 events of AF, including brief AF, were observed. 18 events of AF lasting longer than 1 hour were observed, and Cross-correlation analysis (CCF) showed that pulse rate measured by Apple Watch was strongly correlated (CCF 0.6-0.8) with 8 events and very strongly correlated (CCF >0.8) with 3 events. The diagnostic accuracy by machine learning was 0.7952 (sensitivity 0.6312, specificity 0.8605 at the point closest to the top-left) for the AUC of the ROC curve.

CONCLUSIONS

We were able to safely monitor pulse rate in patients after cardiac surgery by wearing an Apple Watch. Although the pulse rate from the PPG sensor does not follow the heart rate of the telemetry monitoring ECG in some parts, which may reduce the accuracy of the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation by machine learning, we have shown the possibility of clinical application of early detection of atrial fibrillation using only the pulse rate collected by the PPG sensor.

CLINICALTRIAL

The use of wristband type continuous pulse measurement device with artificial intelligence for early detection of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Clinical Research Protocol No. jRCTs032200032

https://jrct.niph.go.jp/latest-detail/jRCTs032200032
Chatbots for Smoking Cessation: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Whittaker Robyn , Dobson Rosie , Garner Katie
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Despite significant progress in reducing tobacco use over the past two decades, tobacco still kills over 8 million people every year. Digital interventions such as text messaging have been found to help people quit smoking. Chatbots, or conversational agents, are newer digital tools that mimic instantaneous human conversation and therefore could extend the effectiveness of text messaging.

OBJECTIVE

This scoping review aims to assess the extent of research in the chatbot literature for smoking cessation and provide recommendations for future research in this area.

METHODS

Relevant studies were identified through searches conducted in MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Google Scholar and Scopus as well as an additional search on JMIR, Cochrane Library, Lancet Digital Health, and Digital Medicine. Studies were identified if they were conducted with tobacco smokers, were conducted between 2000 to 2021, were available in English and included a chatbot intervention.

RESULTS

Of the 323 studies identified, 10 studies were included in the review. Some studies noted an improvement in smoking cessation measures. However, the number of studies was limited and most had methodological or quality concerns.

CONCLUSIONS

More research is needed to make a firm conclusion of the efficacy of chatbots for smoking cessation. Researchers need to provide a more in-depth description of the chatbot functionality, mode of delivery, and theoretical underpinnings.

CLINICALTRIAL

na
Effects of A Gamified, Behavior Change Techniques-Based Mobile Application on Increasing Physical Activity and Reducing Anxiety in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Preliminary Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Daehyoung , Frey Georgia C , Cothran Donetta J , Harezlak Jaroslaw , Shih Patrick C
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Physical activity (PA) has an impact on physical and mental health in neurotypical populations, and addressing these variables may improve the prevalent burden of anxiety in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Gamified mobile applications using behavior change techniques (BCTs) present a promising way to increase PA and reduce sedentary time, thus reducing anxiety in adults with ASD.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to compare the efficacy of a gamified and BCTs-based mobile application, PuzzleWalk vs. a commercially available application Google Fit (Google LLC, CA) on increasing PA and reducing sedentary time as an adjunct anxiety treatment for this population.

METHODS

Twenty-four adults with ASD were assigned to either PuzzleWalk or Google Fit group for five weeks, using a covariate adaptive randomization design. Physical activity and anxiety were assessed over 7 days at three different data collection periods (i.e., baseline, intervention start, intervention end) using triaxial accelerometers and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. Group differences in outcome variables were assessed by repeated measures ANCOVA adjusting for age, sex, and BMI.

RESULTS

Findings indicated that PuzzleWalk group spent a significantly larger amount of time for application use compared to Google Fit group (F 2, 38 = 5.07, p = 0.011, partial η2 = 0.21) while anxiety was unfavorably associated with increases in light PA and decreases in sedentary time after intervention (all p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Additional research is needed to clarify the determinants of physical and mental health as well as their interrelationship in adults with ASD. In addition, more research is needed to identify the factors that facilitate the use and adoption of mobile health technology in these individuals. The small, albeit insignificant, changes in PA and/or anxiety may be of clinical significance to adults with ASD.

CLINICALTRIAL

N/A
A Stanford Conference on Social Media, Ethics, and COVID-19 Misinformation (INFODEMIC): Qualitative Thematic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Gisondi Michael A , Chambers Daniel , La Tatum Minh , Ryan Alexa , Shankar Adyant , Xue Athena , Barber Rachel Anne
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to challenge the world’s population, with approximately 266 million cases and 5 million deaths to date. COVID-19 misinformation and disinformation led to vaccine hesitancy among the public, particularly in vulnerable communities, which persists today. Social media companies are attempting to curb the ongoing spread of an overwhelming amount of COVID-19 misinformation on their platforms. In response to this problem, the authors hosted INFODEMIC: A Stanford Conference on Social Media and COVID-19 Misinformation (INFODEMIC) to develop best practices for social media companies to mitigate online misinformation and disinformation.

OBJECTIVE

The primary aim of this study was to develop recommendations for social media companies to address the COVID-19 infodemic. We report the methods used to execute the INFODEMIC conference, conference attendee engagement and analytics, and a qualitative thematic analysis of the conference presentations. The primary study outcomes were the identified themes and corresponding recommendations.

METHODS

Using a constructivist paradigm, we conducted a thematic analysis of the 6-hour conference transcript to develop best practice recommendations. The INFODEMIC conference was the study intervention, the conference speakers were the study participants, and transcripts of their presentations were the data for this study. We followed the 6-step framework for thematic analysis described by Braun and Clarke. We also used descriptive statistics to report measures of conference engagement including registrations, viewership, post-conference asynchronous participation, and conference evaluations.

RESULTS

A total of 26 participants spoke at the virtual conference and represented a wide array of occupations, expertise, and countries of origin. From their remarks, we identified 18 response categories and 4 themes: trust, equity, social media practices, and interorganizational partnerships. From these, a total of 16 best practice recommendations were formulated for social media companies, health care organizations, and the general public. These recommendations focused on rebuilding trust in science and medicine among certain communities, redesigning social media platforms and algorithms to reduce the spread of misinformation, improving partnerships between key stakeholders, and educating the public to critically analyze online information. Of the 1090 conference registrants, 587 (53.9%) attended the live conference, and another 9996 individuals viewed or listened to the conference recordings asynchronously. Conference evaluations averaged 8.9 (best=10).

CONCLUSIONS

Social media companies play a significant role in the COVID-19 infodemic and should adopt evidence-based measures to mitigate misinformation on their platforms.
Using Forest Plots to Present the Performance Sheets Provided to OSCE Examinees Using Rasch Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lin Jui-Chung John , Yeh Yu-Tsen , WEI CHIEN , Wang Hsien-Yi
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) has become an acceptable method for evaluating clinical skills in healthcare settings. However, none of the current literature has used visualization plots to compare individual OSCE performances.

OBJECTIVE

This study uses the Rasch model to (1) compare two other scenarios composed of binary scores and mixed binary and percentage responses; (2) draw a forest plot to visualize students’ performance; and (3) observe the comparison of OCSE scores among subgroups (e.g., schools) using real data..

METHODS

We obtained data from 29 medical students who participated in OSCE examinations at 12 stations in 2018. The continuous Rasch model (CRM) was applied to estimate person measures and standard errors (SEs). The characteristics of the percentage CRM were interpreted in comparison to the other two counterparts (i.e., binary and mixed scenarios). Forest plots frequently used in meta-analysis were drawn to display those 29 examinees and five subgroups.

RESULTS

We used online CRM to draw forest plots and observed that (1) the binary scenario had a wider range of measures, followed by the mixed scenario. The percentage mode as expected has narrower ranges in person abilities(from -0.42 to 0.38) and item difficulties(from -0.48 to 0.41) owing to smaller total raw scores when compared to the other two counterparts;(2) all OSCE performances of medical students do not deviate from the middle line with zero logits; (3) The students in Taipei Medical University outperformed other schools among the five subgroups.

CONCLUSIONS

We designed two online computer modules for (1) estimating person measures and SEs and (2) drawing forest plots to display the OSCE performance sheets for Taiwanese medical students, which helps hospitals evaluate OSCE performances for students efficiently and objectively, but such results are not limited to medical students in the future.
Factors Related to Self-Care Ability in Patients With Severe Mental Disorders： Based on Community Patients Investigation in Beijing, China (Preprint)
Authors: Chen Chen , Chen Yun , Huang Qingzhi , Yan Shengming , Zhu Junli
Published: December 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Background: Severe Mental Disorders (SMD) have become a topic of increasing interest in research due to their serious consequences for the quality of life and functioning. In the pages that follow, it will be argued that the self-care ability and its influencing factors among SMD patients in Beijing, according to the questionnaire survey in 2019.
Methods: The present study aimed to explore the factors influencing the self-care ability of SMD patients. Multi-stage sampling and proportioning sampling were used to take samples. The demographic characteristics of patients were obtained by questionnaires, and the self-care ability was measured by self-made scales. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.
Results: We surveyed 662 people and found that the deficiency of self-care ability is common in SMD patients. Significant relations were found between self-care ability and age, educated levels, guardian care, course of disease and physical disease (P<0.05). From a dimensional perspective, the daily basic activity was associated with educated levels and physical disease (P<0.05); the housework ability was associated with gender, educated levels, source of income, physical disease and medication adherence (P＜0.05); the social function was associated with age, educated levels, source of income, guardian care course of disease, physical disease and medication adherence (P＜0.05).
Conclusion: The self-care ability of SMD patients is affected by many factors, including patient characteristics and social factors. Therefore, targeted interventions are needed to help patients restore their self-care ability, which requires the joint efforts of the government and the whole society.
Shoulder Rehabilitation Exercises With Kinematic Biofeedback After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: Protocol for a New Integrated Rehabilitation Program (Preprint)
Authors: Parel Ilaria , Candoli Valeria , Filippi Maria Vittoria , Padolino Antonio , Merolla Giovanni , Sanniti Stefano , Galassi Riccardo , Paladini Paolo , Cutti Andrea Giovanni
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

The recovery of scapular and humeral physiological kinematic parameters, as well as the sensorimotor control of movement, plays a primary role in the rehabilitation process after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. A highly customized rehabilitation approach is required to achieve this aim. Biofeedback can be a useful tool, but there is poor evidence of its application in the rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff tear repair.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this paper is to outline an innovative exercise-based rehabilitation program exploiting visual biofeedback for the recovery of patients arthroscopically treated for rotator cuff repair.

METHODS

For establishment of the innovative program, a multidisciplinary team involving experts in shoulder surgery, rehabilitation medicine, physical therapy, and biomedical and clinical engineering was formed. Starting from a conventional rehabilitation program, the team selected a set of exercises to be integrated with a biofeedback tool, named the INAIL (National Institute for Insurance against Accidents at Work) Shoulder and Elbow Outpatient program (ISEO program). ISEO is a motion analysis system based on inertial wearable sensors positioned over the thorax, scapula, humerus, and forearm. ISEO can return a visual biofeedback of humerus and scapula angles over time or of the scapula-humeral coordination, with possible overlap of patient-specific or asymptomatic reference values. A set of 12 progressive exercises was defined, divided into four groups based on humerus and scapula movements. Each group comprises 2-4 of the 12 exercises with an increasing level of complexity. Exercises can require the use of a ball, stick, rubber band, and/or towel. For each exercise, we present the starting position of the patient, the modality of execution, and the target position, together with notes about the critical factors to observe. The type of visual biofeedback to adopt is specified, such as the coordination between angles or the variation of a single angle over time. To guide the therapist in customizing the patient’s rehabilitation program, a list of operative guidelines is provided.

RESULTS

We describe various applications of the ISEO exercise program in terms of frequency and intensity.

CONCLUSIONS

An innovative rehabilitation program to restore scapular and humeral kinematics after rotator cuff repair based on kinematic biofeedback is presented. Biofeedback is expected to increase patient awareness and self-correction under therapist supervision. Randomized controlled trials are needed to investigate the potential effect of the exercise-based biofeedback in comparison with conventional rehabilitation programs.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/35757
Methods to Establish Race or Ethnicity of Twitter Users: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Golder Su , Stevens Robin , O'Connor Karen , James Richard , Gonzalez-Hernandez Graciela
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

A growing amount of health research uses social media data. Those critical of social media research often cite that it may be unrepresentative of the population; however, the suitability of social media data in digital epidemiology is more nuanced. Identifying the demographics of social media users can help establish representativeness.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify the different approaches or combination of approaches to extract race or ethnicity from social media and report on the challenges of using these methods.

METHODS

We present a scoping review to identify methods used to extract the race or ethnicity of Twitter users from Twitter data sets. We searched 17 electronic databases from the date of inception to May 15, 2021, and carried out reference checking and hand searching to identify relevant studies. Sifting of each record was performed independently by at least two researchers, with any disagreement discussed. Studies were required to extract the race or ethnicity of Twitter users using either manual or computational methods or a combination of both.

RESULTS

Of the 1249 records sifted, we identified 67 (5.36%) that met our inclusion criteria. Most studies (51/67, 76%) have focused on US-based users and English language tweets (52/67, 78%). A range of data was used, including Twitter profile metadata, such as names, pictures, information from bios (including self-declarations), or location or content of the tweets. A range of methodologies was used, including manual inference, linkage to census data, commercial software, language or dialect recognition, or machine learning or natural language processing. However, not all studies have evaluated these methods. Those that evaluated these methods found accuracy to vary from 45% to 93% with significantly lower accuracy in identifying categories of people of color. The inference of race or ethnicity raises important ethical questions, which can be exacerbated by the data and methods used. The comparative accuracies of the different methods are also largely unknown.

CONCLUSIONS

There is no standard accepted approach or current guidelines for extracting or inferring the race or ethnicity of Twitter users. Social media researchers must carefully interpret race or ethnicity and not overpromise what can be achieved, as even manual screening is a subjective, imperfect method. Future research should establish the accuracy of methods to inform evidence-based best practice guidelines for social media researchers and be guided by concerns of equity and social justice.
Exploring Web-Based Twitter Conversations Surrounding National Healthcare Decisions Day and Advance Care Planning From a Sociocultural Perspective: Computational Mixed Methods Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Lattimer Tahleen A , Tenzek Kelly E , Ophir Yotam , Sullivan Suzanne S
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

Within the cultures and societies of the United States, topics related to death and dying continue to be taboo, and as a result, opportunities for presence and engagement during the end of life, which could lead to a good death, are avoided. Several efforts have been made to help people engage in advance care planning (ACP) conversations, including completing advance care directives so that they may express their goals of care if they become too sick to communicate their wishes. A major effort in the United States toward encouraging such challenging discussions is the annual celebration of the National Healthcare Decisions Day.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore ACP from a sociocultural perspective by using Twitter as a communication tool.

METHODS

All publicly available tweets published between August 1, 2020, and July 30, 2021 (N=9713) were collected and analyzed using the computational mixed methods Analysis of Topic Model Network approach.

RESULTS

The results revealed that conversations driven primarily by laypersons (7107/7410, 95.91% of tweets originated from unverified accounts) surrounded the following three major themes: importance and promotion, surrounding language, and systemic issues.

CONCLUSIONS

On the basis of the results, we argue that there is a need for awareness of the barriers that people may face when engaging in ACP conversations, including systemic barriers, literacy levels, misinformation, policies (including Medicare reimbursements), and trust among health care professionals, in the United States. This is incredibly important for clinicians and scholars worldwide to be aware of as we strive to re-envision ACP, so that people are more comfortable engaging in ACP conversations. In terms of the content of tweets, we argue that there is a chasm between the biomedical and biopsychosocial elements of ACP, including patient narratives. If used properly, Twitter conversations and National Health Care Decision Day hashtags could be harnessed to serve as a connecting point among organizations, physicians, patients, and family members to lay the groundwork for the trajectory toward a good death.
Prospects for the Formation of Clusters and Employment in the Production and Processing of Agricultural Raw Materials
Authors: Yusupov B.T.
Published: December 2021

Abstract: This article provides views and comments on the formation of clusters and employment prospects in the production and processing of agricultural raw materials. Keywords: agriculture, raw materials, cluster, textile enterprises.
The orientation of residential development in Mashhadthat takes account of daylight
Authors: Ildarabadi Paria , Asadi Samaneh , Shukurov Ilkhomzhon S.
Published: December 2021

Introduction. Due to population growth and urbanisation, energy consumption by urban buildings, especially in developing countries, is increasing dramatically. Limited energy resources and the need to save on consumption necessitate the optimal design in the field of residential development. Building walls are an important boundary between indoor and outdoor spaces, since daylight has a direct impact on energy consumption in buildings. The optimal use of daylight in living spaces reduces energy consumption dramatically. In this regard, the proper orientation of residential buildings is an effective method of energy consumption optimisation. If the layout of an urban development fits the climate of a region, residential buildings are constructed with account taken of the optimal orientation to daylighting.

Materials and methods. The aim of this study is the optimal orientation of a part of residential development in Mashhad. To achieve the goal of the study, comprehensive studies of the city of Mashhad and its environs were conducted and Mashhad climate data were collected. Hence, daylight scattering was analysed for a given area with regard to the optimal angle of orientation to daylighting. Daylight was analysed in the two modes, including the present-day layout and the angular position (the north side), that were compared later. The study area has the angle of 20 degrees from the north to the west. All analyses and simulations were performed on the longest (June 22) and shortest (December 22) days of the year using parametric software programmes Grasshopper and Ladybug.

Results. A comparative analysis of the two modes shows that the study area, located in the north, receives more daylight, regardless of the angle of rotation. Mashhad summers are hot and dry, and winters are cold and humid; a lot of light can penetrate into buildings during the hot season. In winter, overshadowing by buildings does not allow enough daylight due to the unfavourable location of the residential development. According to the standard, the optimal rotation angle of buildings in Mashhad varies from 5 degrees northeast to 20 degrees northwest.

Conclusions. The results show that the optimal daylight orientation in Mashhad is 20 degrees southeast. This value is in the standard range for the residential orientation, and the amount of light, received in summer and winter seasons, is proportional to the needs of indoor space users; natural lighting makes residential spaces more comfortable and reduces energy consumption.
Trypanocidal effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Strychnos spinosa on white mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei
Authors: Joël Vourchakbé , Zouheira Djamila , Gael Nfor Njini
Published: December 2021

The emergence of trypanocidal resistance has led to a change in the behavior and use of local plants for the treatment of parasites. The trypanocidal activity of Strychnos spinosa aqueous and ethanolic extracts on Trypanosoma brucei brucei was evaluated during ten days of treatment. Thus, the smear was used to monitor the parasitaemia of mice treated with Strychnos spinose aqueous and ethanolic extracts by gavage at doses of 250, 500, 1000 mg/kg (test groups); with 10 ml/kg of distilled water (negative control) and 1mg/kg of isometamidium chloride (positive control). The results of the pharmacological studies on the trypanocidal potential of the plant showed that On day ten (D10)  a mortality rates of 32 %, 39 % and 62 % respectively for the doses 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg with the ethanolic extract while  the aqueous extract induced a mortality rates of 32 %, 37 % and 56 % respectively. Isometamidium chloride induced the highest mortality rate of 85 %. The lethal doses were 218.07 and 225.79 mg/kg for the aqueous and ethanolic extracts respectively. All these results justify at least in part the use of this plant in traditional medicine for the treatment of trypanosomiasis.

Keywords: Ethanolic extracts - Aqueous extracts - Trypanocidal potential - Trypanosomes - Inhibition of parasitaemia.
Effect of Annonaceous Sp. Ethanolic Extract on Transforming Growth Factor- Β (TGF- Β) Expression on MCF-7 Cells Line
Authors: Muhartono Muhartono , Suharyani Suharyani , Sukohar Asep , Suryawinata Arli , Andriani Silvia
Published: December 2021

Aims: To analyze effect of the Annonaceous sp. ethanolic extract to Transforming Growth Factor- β (TGF- β) expressions on MCF-7 cells line.

Methods: This experimental analytic study used Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three repetitions. The extract was dissolved in 1 ml of DMSO with a concentration of 0.1%. Furthermore, dilution was made with a dose of 0 µg / ml (K); 25 µg / ml (P1); 50 µg / ml (P2); 100 µg / ml (P3); 200 µg / ml (P4). MCF-7 cells line were cultured using RPMI 1640 Medium with 80 – 90% confluent. The ethanolic extract of Annonaceous sp. was exposed to MCF-7 cells for 48 hours. Analyze Transforming Growth Factor- β (TGF- β) level using ELISA Methods with λ=405 nm.

Results: The results of the ELISA analysis show that the ethanolic extract of Annonaceous sp. has a potential effect of decreasing TGF- β expression on the sample with treatment on some concentration (p< 0,05).

Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of Annonaceous sp. has shown the potential effect to decreased of TGF- β level on MCF-7 cells line

Keywords: Annonaceous sp ethanolic extract, TGF- β, MCF-7 cells line, anti-cancer
Objectives and Structure of the Information and Communication System for "Smart" Organic Farming
Authors: Minin V. B. , Zakharov A. M.
Published: December 2021

The authors showed that the organic production is an actively growing global business: in 2017, it occupied more than 1.4 percent of all agricultural land on the planet. The authors emphasized the relevance of digitalization with the constant growth of the database, which the farmer needs to process quickly and effi ciently. (Research purpose) To form the structure of the information and communication system for the «smart» crop organic farming and the database necessary for its training and ensuring its functioning. (Materials and methods) The prior research was used, as well as previously created databases and information from the existing literature. Since 2016, a multifactorial experiment with potatoes has been carried out as part of an organic crop rotation to fi ll the information base with experimental data. (Results and discussion) The structure of the information and communication system of the “smart” organic crop production has been formed. It is based on the territory digital map and agricultural crop digital models. In the course of the work of the system, we decided to make daily changes to the digital model of agricultural crops based on the incoming agroecological information, as well as to prepare recommendations on the relevant choice and use of the planned technological operations. It was found out that in a fouryear fi eld experiment, the potato yield in the control variant (without the introduction of compost and pesticides) averaged 21.7 tons per hectare, and when using compost and biofungicide Kartofi n, it increased to 26.7 tons per hectare. The authors calculated multiple linear regression equations describing the dependence of the nitrogen mineral form content in the soil in June on the sum of the active temperatures during this period and the compost dose (the correlation coeffi cient is 0.658); and the dependence of potato yield on the nitrogen mineral form content in the soil in the fi rst ten days of June and the sum of active temperatures in May-June (the correlation coeffi cient is 0.667). (Conclusions) The authors presented the structure of the information and communication system of an organic agricultural enterprise, substantiated the possibility of its full implementation as a tool that helps agricultural producers to carry out environmentally safe, competitive and effi cient organic production at a totally new level.
Transformation of Identity: Macro and Micro Levels of Research
Authors: Sosnovskaya A. M. , Potapova E. B.
Published: December 2021

This review of articles follows the Snyder methodology (2019) and is based on a study that was the collection, analysis and comparison of relevant publications on the topic of identity over the past fve years by quantitative and qualitative methods in the Web of Science and Scopus repositories.

The scientometric analysis representing the research macrolevel made by means of the VOSviewer_1.6.16_exe CitNetExplorer_1.0.0_exe programs made it possible to distinguish in a vast array of publications the most relevant and cited articles, verified by the scientific community, focused the attention of scientists on semantic “nodes,” that is, values that guide social practices, and also allowed questions to be answered on background practices, organizing knowledge within the framework of discursive analysis M. Fuko. Micro-level, — analytical reading of texts, — made it possible to analyze the main trends in the development of identity studies and summarize the findings. The research undertaken shows that the concepts of political identity and youth identity are not limited to the traditional framework of ethnicity and race, but include a wide range of social and personal conditions, the study of which has great theoretical and practical significance. The study of the identity of emigrants, students, women, former military and many other social groups makes it possible to adopt more effective public policy measures and reduce the distance between managers and managers.

Dedicated semantic clusters can be investigated in the new social conditions of Russia, and future finds of domestic researchers in this area will become a resource and contribution to the development of science and society. The absolute predominance of Anglo-Saxon studies in this topic, coupled with the obviously growing attention of researchers to unique and, sometimes, autonomous social groups, as well as identities in a state of transit, opens up great opportunities for Russian researchers to disseminate Russian empirical material and include examples from domestic social and political practices of transformation in the wider context of international sociology and political science.
TSH DAN fT4 DENGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH (IMT) PADA PASIEN DEWASA: STUDI CROSS-SECTIONAL DI KLINIK LITBANGKES MAGELANG
Authors: Harfana Cicik , Rosidi Ali , Ulvie Yuliana Noor Setiawati , Sulistiani Ria Purnawian
Published: December 2021

Latar Belakang. Disfungsi tiroid terjadi jika fungsi kelenjar tiroid terganggu, ditandai dengan kadar Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) dan free Thyroxine (fT4) yang lebih tinggi atau lebih rendah dari normal. Perubahan kadar hormon tiroid menyebabkan perubahan basal metabolic rate (BMR) yang menyebabkan perubahan keseimbangan energi dan berat badan. Tujuan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan TSH dan fT4 dengan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) pada pasien dewasa baru di Klinik Litbangkes Magelang. Metode. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode cross-sectional dan menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medis pasien. Sampel penelitian adalah pria dan wanita dewasa (>17 tahun) yang pertama kali mengunjungi Klinik Litbangkes Magelang pada tahun 2019 sebanyak 173 orang. Variabel penelitian adalah TSH, fT4, dan IMT. Pengujian hipotesis dengan uji statistik Korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil. Rata-rata kadar TSH responden adalah normal yaitu 0,91±2,17 µIU/mL, sedangkan rata-rata kadar fT4 responden di atas normal yaitu 3,20±5,83 ng/dL. Sebagian besar subjek memiliki IMT normal (55,5%) dengan rata-rata 23,74±4,57. Uji Korelasi Rank Spearman menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara TSH dan IMT (p=0,003) dengan korelasi positif (r=0,228) dan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara fT4 dan IMT (p=0,000) dengan korelasi negatif (r=-0.323). Kesimpulan. Terdapat hubungan antara kadar TSH dan fT4 dengan nilai IMT pasien. Semakin tinggi kadar TSH maka semakin tinggi pula nilai IMT pasien, begitu juga sebaliknya, serta semakin tinggi kadar fT4 maka nilai IMT pasien semakin rendah, dan sebaliknya.
Implementasi System Captive Portal Dengan Otentikasi RADIUS
Authors: Mustika Fandi Ali , Sulistyo Febryo Ponco , Tanof Chairul Anhar
Published: December 2021

Abstract The rapid development of Internet networks in offices, industries, homes, and universities, transforming the conventional system into modern, especially with the Internet. Therefore, it is very important to use a good authentication method to avoid unauthorized user access. Wireless network without authentication can harm users in their activities using Internet access. One of the most effective ways for secure wireless network authentication with Captive portals with Radius authentication method. Captive portals are web pages that control Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) browser access to the Internet. The user who is in authentication is their MAC address. Radius is a service that authenticates and authorizes users to network and network infrastructure. This paper will discuss how to use RADIUS authentication with captive portals to manage user authentication on wireless networks. Built-in security mechanism in Wifi 802.11.x equipment to control who can associate to an Access Point (AP). The use of captive portal so that the AP works without configuration settings, so it does not burden the work of the AP itself.Keywords: Captive Portal, Radius, Authentication, Wireless Network Abstrak Perkembangan jaringan internet yang semakin pesat di kantor, industri, rumah, dan universitas, mengubah sistem konvensional menjadi modern, terutama dengan adanya internet. Oleh karena itu, sangat penting untuk menggunakan metode otentikasi yang baik untuk menghindari akses pengguna yang tidak sah. Wireless network tanpa otentikasi dapat membahayakan pengguna dalam aktivitas mereka dalam menggunakan akses internet. Salah satu cara yang paling efektif untuk otentikasi wireless network yang aman dengan Captive Portal dengan metode otentikasi Radius. Captive portal adalah halaman web yang mengkontrol Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) akses browser ke internet. Pengguna yang di otentikasi adalah MAC address mereka. Radius adalah layanan yang mengotentikasi dan mengotorisasi pengguna ke jaringan dan infrastruktur jaringan. Mekanisme keamanan built-in di peralatan Wifi 802.11.x untuk mengontrol siapa saja yang dapat berasosiasi ke Access Point (AP). Penggunaan captive portal agar AP bekerja tanpa seting konfigurasi, sehingga tidak membebani kerja dari AP itu sendiri.Kata Kunci: Captive Portal, Radius, Otentikasi, Wireless Network
Operativne mjere komunističkih represivnih službi prema Katoličkoj crkvi u Hrvatskoj od 1951. do 1965. godine
Authors: Akmadža Miroslav
Published: December 2021

Autor u radu na temelju dostupne arhivske građe i relevantne literature analizira metode djelovanja komunističkoga represivnog aparata u Narodnoj Republici / Socijalističkoj Republici Hrvatskoj protiv Katoličke crkve od 1951. do 1965. godine. U radu se prvi put navode brojčani podaci o suradnicima Udbe iz crkvenih redova te organizacija i pojedinaca usko povezanih s Katoličkom crkvom.
Urbanizacija i modernizacija sjeverne periferije Zagreba 1960. – 1970.
Authors: Novosel Domagoj
Published: December 2021

U radu se razmatraju društvene, gospodarske i kulturološke promjene koje
su između 1960. i 1970. zahvatile sjevernu periferiju Zagreba. Izloženo
istraživanje provedeno je metodom usmene povijesti u središnjem dijelu Zagrebačkoga prigorja, njegova dijela najbližega gradu Zagrebu, koje se proteže od Mikulića na zapadu do Čučerja na istoku. Korištena je i arhivska građa lokalnih župa, škole Šestine te relevantna literatura. Stanovnike istraživanoga područja u prošlosti je karakterizirala zajednička narodna nošnja, istovjetni godišnji i radni običaji, kajkavski dijalekt te obrasci ponašanja. U skladu sa širenjem gradskoga teritorija nakon 1950. taj se prostor postupno urbanizira izgradnjom infrastrukture, a nekadašnja prigorska sela pretvaraju u naselja prigradskoga tipa. Proces promjena zahvaća obitelj i pojedince, koji mijenjaju životne navike i obrasce ponašanja, čime neizbježno utječu na transformaciju cijeloga Zagrebačkog prigorja i njegova postupnoga uklapanja u grad Zagreb.
Obnova katoličkoga tiska u Hrvatskoj 1960-ih
Authors: Mikić Anto , Radalj Miro
Published: December 2021

Oslanjajući se na objavljenu literaturu i neobjavljeno arhivsko gradivo,
autori u radu obrađuju fenomen obnove katoličkoga tiska u Hrvatskoj tijekom 1960-ih, ponajprije u kontekstu crkveno-državnih odnosa toga vremena. Proces obnove Katoličke crkve, potaknut Drugim vatikanskom koncilom, s jedne strane te želja jugoslavenskih vlasti da ponovno normaliziraju odnose s Crkvom u tadašnjoj Jugoslaviji, ali i obnove 1952. jednostrano prekinute diplomatske odnose sa Svetom Stolicom s druge strane otvorili su mogućnost da Crkva u Hrvatskoj obnovi i neke svoje javne/društvene djelatnosti, koje su joj od 1945. bile sustavno uskraćivane, među kojima je istaknuto mjesto zauzelo ponovno pokretanje njezina tiska koji je država 1945. ugušila. Tu je priliku Crkva 1960-ih uspješno iskoristila, a obnovljeni katolički tisak naišao je na velik interes publike te su se u samo nekoliko godina umnožili i broj osnovanih/obnovljenih listova i njihova naklada.
Rural Road Connectivity and Local Economic Activity: Evidence from Sri Lanka’s Integrated Road Investment Program
Authors: Chen Liming , Lu Yang , Nanayakkara Aruna
Published: December 2021

This study evaluated the economic impact of the Integrated Road Investment Program (iRoad) financed by the Asian Development Bank in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka.
Synthesis of the new lost foam refractory coatings based on talc
Authors: Pavlovic Marko , Nikolic Jasmina , Andric Ljubisa , Todorovic Dejan , Bozic Katarina , Drmanic Sasa
Published: December 2021

This paper is focused on the preparation procedures, using a talc-based filler, to improve the rheologic properties of the lost foam refractory coatings. Talc, with grain size of 40 ?m, was mechanically activated in a vibration mill over the following times: 10, 20 and 30 min. Depending on the time required for the mechanical activation, the change in the filler grain size and shape was analysed along their effects on the talc-filled lost foam coating dispersion ability and stability. In order to characterize the filler, the following methods were used: X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and optic microscopy. The coating composition was tuned by choosing the suitable grain size and shape factor of the activated filler. In addition, different coating components (additives, solvent) were applied to alter the coating generation procedure. It was shown that the application of this type of the lost foam refractory coatings ? water-based coatings ? have a positive influence on quality of the aluminium alloy castings, which contributes to reducing the cost of cleaning and processing of the castings. Also, alcohol-based refractory coatings with talc-based activated fillers were tested and used to have the castings produced in the sand moulds.
Development of hip displacement in cerebral palsy: a longitudinal register study of 1,045 children
Authors: Wagner Philippe , Hägglund Gunnar
Published: December 2021

Background and purpose — Hip surveillance in children with cerebral palsy (CP) includes repeated radiographic hip examinations and measurements of the hip migration percentage (MP) to identify hips in need of surgery early, to prevent dislocation with the fewest number of radiographic examinations possible. We analyzed the early development of the MP in hips operated on to prevent hip dislocation and hips stabilized without surgery Patients and methods — From the Swedish Surveillance Programme for CP, 5,899 radiographic measurements from 1,045 children with a Gross Motor Function Classification System level III–V born in 1996–2011 were analyzed. For children operated on to prevent hip dislocation, measurements up to the most recent preoperative radiograph were included. The hip with highest MP was analyzed for each child. A mixed-effects model was used to estimate the development of the MP at each age for each child and the population mean.
Results — In the 702 children who did not undergo preventive surgery, the mean MP increased with decreasing velocity up to age 6 years. Here it reached 24% (95% confidence interval [CI] 24–25), with a velocity of 0.3%/year (CI 0.0–0.5), remaining approximately stable up to age 12 years. In the 343 children who underwent preventive surgery (219 adductor–psoas lengthening, 124 varus derotation osteotomy of proximal femur), the mean MP increased with an increasing velocity from a mean of 30% (CI 27–32) 3 years before the operation.
Interpretation — An increasing rate of hip displacement in hips with an MP > 24% indicates the need for preventive surgery. Hips stabilized without preventive surgery had a decreasing displacement rate and were usually stabilized with an MP < 30% at age 6 years.
Patient-reported outcome after primary and aseptic revision hip arthroplasty: 1-year follow-up of 3,559 primary and 406 revision THAs in an institutional registry
Authors: Wik Tina S , Klaksvik Jomar , Husby Otto S , Rasch Astrid , Winther Siri B
Published: December 2021

Background and purpose — Patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and revision THA are important information in the preoperative shared decision-making process. We present 1-year results on pain, function, and quality of life following primary and revision THA.
Patients and methods — From 2010 to 2018, 3,559 primary THA and 406 revision THAs were included in our institutional quality registry. PROMs were registered preoperatively, 3 months, and 1 year after surgery, numeric rating scale (0–10) for pain during mobilization and at rest, healthrelated quality of life (EQ-5D), and a hip-specific physical function score (HOOS-PS). 2 anchor questions were asked 1 year after surgery concerning joint function and willingness to go through surgery again.
Results — There were statistically significant improvements in all PROMs at the 3-month follow-up in both groups. All PROMs improved more in the primary group relative to the revision group. 1 year after surgery, pain during mobilization was reduced with a mean change of 5.1 (SD 2.6) for primary THA and 2.9 (SD 3.0) for revision THA. 93% of primary THA patients reported both better function 1 year after surgery and that they would have gone through surgery again, compared with 78% and 79% in the revision THA group.
Interpretation — Primary THA patients reported better function and more pain relief than the revision THA group 1 year after surgery. Pain during mobilization shows the most marked improvement in both groups, which is important preoperative information for patients.