bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of peer group on adolescent anemia prevention behavior: a systematic review
Authors: Lutfiasari Dessy , Martini Santi , Widati Sri
Published: May 2023

Anemia is one of the major nutritional problems in the world, especially among adolescents. The aim of this systematic research is to review the effectiveness of peer groups in preventing anemia in adolescents. Articles were searched from four electronic databases such as Science-direct, PubMed, Sage, and Springer. An online search for articles was carried out in August 2022 and provided that articles were published from 2018 to 2022. Several keywords were used for literature searching, including “peer group to prevent anemia” and “anemia prevention in adolescent”. Data selection using PICOS and PRISMA flowchart get 9 articles. Data were narratively described. The result of this review showed that peer group intervention changed the behavior to prevent anemia in adolescents. Peer group intervention proved knowledge, attitude, skill, intention, and behavior to prevent anemia in adolescents. The conclusion of this literature review is that peer group was an effective strategy for preventing anemia in adolescents.
Spatial determinants affected maternal mortality of East Java province during the COVID-19 pandemic era, in 2020-2021
Authors: Kartiningrum Eka D. , Notobroto Hari B. , Salim Lutfi A. , Otok Bambang W.
Published: May 2023

Background: Every life aspect and group of the community have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic, including the group of pregnant, childbirth, and postpartum woman. COVID-19 Pandemic occurred in 2020-2021. Maternal mortality in East Java Province was the highest in Indonesia during the pandemic. Objective: This study analyzed the effect of spatial determinants that consist of antenatal, childbirth, and post-partum care on maternal mortality in East Java Province during the Pandemic. Methods: This study used a crossectional method with the unit of analysis in this study was all pregnant, childbirth and postpartum women in 38 districts of East Java Province from 2020 until 2021. Data were analyzed with spatial regression by using Geographically Weighted Regression Software. Results: Maternal mortality in East Java had a spreading pattern and negative value of the diff criterion, so we concluded that there was a spatial influence. The variables of antenatal care, accessibility of healthcare service, third postpartum visit, and complication service had significant effects on maternal mortality in all regions (P0,05). There were four groups of districts that showed a similarity of significant factors. This result showed that each region’s diversity of the accessibility of health services affects maternal mortality during the COVID-19 era. Antenatal services, access to health facilities and complication services affected maternal mortality in regions with high maternal mortality rate.Conclusion: Every region has its spatial determinants of maternal mortality. The top government should give authority to local government to have programs to reduce maternal mortality according to the condition in their region.
Validity of a screening instrument for the detection of microbes (diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli) in elementary school children
Authors: Syahrul Fariani , Wahyuni Chatarina U. , Adi Annis C. , Wasito Eddy B. , Notobroto Hari B. , Annis Ardya F. , Kartini Kartini , Ersanti Arina M. , Dwirahmadi Febi
Published: May 2023

Background: The study of school children in Surabaya, in 2018, has produced a prediction model in the form of a mathematical formula set forth in the screening instrument for Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) within feces via DEC transmission media. This model has not been validly tested. Therefore, a validity test must be carried out before applying this screening instrument.Objective: The study aims to carry out a validity test on the screening instrument for the detection of microbe DEC in elementary school children. Materials and Methods: This is an observational study with a cross-sectional design. In this study, the sample taken was 109 children. The sample collection method used was simple random sampling. The results of the laboratory test were used as the gold standard for the validity test of IS-DEC. Results: The majority of the children (94.5%) stated that they tended to buy snacks. 56% of the children bought food and/or drinks that were highly at risk of getting contaminated by bacteria. The laboratory test of the feces samples shows that 13.8% of children were confirmed to have DEC in their feces (DEC-positive). A sensitivity value of 93.3% was obtained from the calculation, meaning that the capability of IS-DEC to predict the presence of DEC-positive within children’s feces is at 93.3%. It shows that ISDEC has a good criterion validity. The specificity of IS-DEC is only 8.5%.Conclusions: The result indicates that the sensitivity of the Screening Instrument (IS-DEC) to predict the presence of DEC within children’s feces is already good.
Health services for catastrophic patients through the national health insurance program: literature review
Authors: Riza Yeni , Budiarto Wasis , Haksama Setya , Kuntoro Kuntoro , Yudhastuti Ririh , Wibowo Arief , Notobroto Hari B.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Achieving universal health coverage, also known as UHC, has emerged as an essential global health policy, especially in addressing the burden of spending on major (catastrophic) diseases. However, catastrophic health expenditures are not always synonymous with high healthcare costs. However, a major disaster for low-income households is financing that is not entirely covered by insurance. Objective: This study aims to provide data on the effects of national health insurance on disaster victims in various nations. Materials and Methods: This research is a literature study; electronic searches were carried out in five databases, Proquest, Google Scholar, JACC, Science Direct, and Pubmed, for relevant research published between 1986 and 2022. Only 102 articles were relevant. After screening by reading abstracts and viewing all articles, concerning the impact of catastrophic disease health insurance, only 12 articles were declared eligible from 2017 to 22. Results: The review results show that most health insurance positively affects disasters, as seen from the decrease in the incidence of CHE and the risk of OOP spending in a country. Income is a CHE factor in LMICs notwithstanding unfortunate preventive ways of behaving. Conclusion: This study concludes that health insurance impacts those who need treatment, especially those who suffer from costly diseases or catastrophic diseases. Even though insurance is a poverty alleviation factor, without a good economic status, health services will still be an obstacle for a person to access health services. Furthermore, factors other than insurance cause poverty, namely small expenses such as accommodation and transportation that are not covered.
Factors influencing stroke in Indonesia based on the Indonesia Family Life Survey 5
Authors: Zamzam Maki , Qomaruddin Mochammad B. , Kurniavie Lidia E. , Herdiani Novera
Published: May 2023

Background: Stroke is a fatal and crippling disease that affects more than 15 million individuals globally each year. Stroke can strike anyone, especially people who are exposed to high-risk factors that cause stroke itself. A restriction in blood flow can cause a stroke, a disorder that affects the brain.Objective: This study’s objective is to examine the associations between individual characteristics (age and sex), diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and smoking with the prevalence of stroke patients.Materials and Methods: This study has a cross-sectional design and is an analytical observational study. Secondary data from the IFLS 5 survey database was used. Stroke was the dependent variable. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease, age, gender, and smoking were the independent variables. Stata 13’s multiple logistic regression was used to examine the data.Results: The incidence of stroke increased with the age of the subject more than the average age of the overall sample (age ≥39 years old) (OR=0.13; 95% CI=0.08 to 0.20 P0.001), male gender (OR=1.48; 95% CI= 1.07 to 2.03 P=0.017), hypertension (OR=10.53; 95% CI=8.09 to 13.69 P0.001), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.94; 95% CI=1.37 to 2.74 P0.001), coronary heart disease (OR =2.81; 95% CI=1.93 to 4.08 P0.001).Conclusions: Age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, and coronary artery disease are all associated with an increased risk of stroke in Indonesia.
Application of the leadership model in health services: a systematic review
Authors: Aminah Siti , Mahmudiono Trias
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Leadership is a process similar to management in many ways. Leadership involves influence, as does management. Leadership requires working with people who need management as well. Leadership is concerned with the effective attainment of goals, and so is management. Effective leadership of health professionals is very important to strengthen the quality and integration of health services and effective leadership also depends on the approach or leadership style adopted. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the leadership model in health services based on the literature review.Materials and Methods: The design used is a literature review, articles were collected using electronic databases such as ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and PubMed from 2013-2022. The analysis uses journal content analysis. Results: Based on the results of the literature review, it was found that the most widely used leadership model is the transformational leadership model.Discussions: Transformational leadership is a leadership style through a process of increasing aspirations, inspiration, and motivation, having a vision for the future, and being able to identify environmental changes and transform extraordinary changes into an organization so that coordinated members foster a high sense of trust that can encourage to build a solid team. and contribute more to the organization. Conclusions: Leadership is one of the main determinants related to success and failure in an organization. The most frequently used leadership style is transformational leadership.
Relationship between exercise habits and blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Sriyono Grido H. , Ro’isah Ro’isah , Mariani Mariani
Published: May 2023

Background: The most important thing a person with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) can do is keep their blood sugar levels under control.Objective: Researchers found that when T2DM patients do not control their blood sugar through exercise, the risk of complications is higher. This study aims to determine the relationship between exercise habits and blood glucose levels.Methods: This is a case-control study and the sampling was done using consecutive sampling. Respondents in the study were 80 samples consisting of 40 for the research group and 40 for the control group. Pearson's test and Rank-Spearman's test were used to analyze the data.Results: There is a relationship between the amount of exercise and blood sugar levels (P=0.001; r=-0.384), the type of exercise and blood sugar levels (P=0.002; r=-0.335), and the duration of exercise and blood sugar levels (P=0.015; r=-0.271; r=-0.193).Conclusion: Frequent exercise and long duration are associated with blood sugar levels in T2DM patients. People with T2DM should exercise properly so that their blood sugar levels are controlled.
A preliminary study of chefs’ knowledge and attitude towards nutrition during restaurant’s food handling
Authors: Adhianata Heni , Adi Annis C. , Qomaruddin M. B.
Published: May 2023

Background: Increasing the frequency of eating out in restaurants contributes to an increase in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases. The quality of restaurant dishes depends on the chef’s ability to process delicious food and the chef’s understanding of nutrition in healthy food processing. Nutritional knowledge and attitudes towards nutrition from chefs are very important if nutrition and health aspects are the basis for consideration of food selection.Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the chef’s nutrition knowledge and attitudes toward nutrition during the restaurant’s food handling.Methods: A cross-sectional approach and descriptive design were used in this research. Chef nutritional knowledge and attitudes were measured using a structured questionnaire through three question topics including food preparation, food processing, and food presentation.Results: Chefs have good nutritional knowledge about food presentation and plating (66.7%) and good attitudes towards nutrition in relation to food preparation, food processing and molecular gastronomy techniques, and food presentation and plating (83.3, 79.3, and 86.1% respectively). Educational background and work experience influence the knowledge and practice of food handling during processing.Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between a chef’s educational level, years of working experience and nutritional knowledge. But educational levels, years of working experience, and the availability of standard operating procedures in restaurants were not significantly related to the chef's nutritional attitude.
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of antenatal care services in Probolinggo District
Authors: Zakiyyah Muthmainnah , Supriyanto Stefanus , Wulandari Ratna D. , Ekasari Tutik , Narsih Umi
Published: May 2023

Background: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced the status of a global pandemic for the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Pregnant women are most vulnerable to being infected with COVID-19 and must take extra care of their health. The impact and risk of COVID-19 on pregnant and lactating women as well as on the fetus and baby are not yet known with certainty. However, due to changes in body shape and immune system, pregnant women are very susceptible to some respiratory infections. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of antenatal care (ANC) services in Probolinggo Regency. Methods: This analytic research has a cross-sectional design. The participants are 326 pregnant women in the third trimester. Sampling uses simple random sampling. The sample is some pregnant women in the third trimester, as many as 179 people. Chi-square is used for analysis.Results: According to the study's findings, as many as 170 respondents did not confirm that they had COVID-19 (95%). 153 respondents were provided with quality ANC services (85%).Conclusion: The results of the statistical test obtained a value of P=0.09; so there is an influence during the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of ANC services. Efforts that can be made are health workers limit meetings with pregnant women without reducing the quality of ANC services.
What are the mental health issues of postpartum mothers during a pandemic? A scoping review
Authors: Maulina Rufidah , Argaheni Niken B. , Juwita Septiana
Published: May 2023

Background. Postpartum mothers’ mental health has a significant role in mothers' well-being and child's growth and development. This issue is worsened during a pandemic when social restrictions are regulated, resulting in perceived stress, baby blues, postpartum depression, and other mental health issues.Objective. This study intends to investigate postpartum mothers’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. This study's methodology is a scoping review using the prism-ScR checklist, the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool, and a population, exposure, outcome framework. It uses 4 databases: Pubmed, Willey, Proquest, and ScienceDirect; its inclusion criteria is original English articles that can be accessed in full text between 2020 and 2022. Results. Out of 190 publications, we found 7 that are pertinent to the research goals. Qualitative research, cross-sectional studies, and longitudinal studies make up the research. The mapping result includes 4 themes: the types of mental health problems experienced by postpartum moms during the Pandemic, risk and predictive factors, postpartum mothers’ experiences, and the effects of mothers’ mental health problems. Conclusion. After giving birth, most mothers experience stress, anxiety, and depression. Postpartum mental health concerns are influenced by isolation, social exclusion, and crises. The creation of a customized plan for early assistance for a woman's mental health requirements, as well as the establishment of an accessible mental health provider, including medical personnel and medical facilities, is advised for pregnant and postpartum women.
The relationship between religious leaders and the knowledge of mothers in reducing stunting: a literature review
Authors: Zahrah Siti N. , Damayanti Nyoman A.
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Stunting is the main threat to the realization of quality Indonesian human resources and must be handled jointly by all parties. Several factors cause stunting, including the deficiency of knowledge among mothers about health and nutrition. Religious leaders are believed to have great authority in society and are an alternative to increasing mothers’ knowledge and attitudes.Objective: This literature review aims to discuss the relationship of religious leaders in increasing maternal knowledge to reduce stunting. Methods: This research method is the result of a literature review. This study was obtained from 3 databases, namely Scopus, Google Scholar, and articles from the mass media using exclusion and inclusion criteria. Results: From articles that reviewed religious leaders and maternal knowledge for stunting reduction, it was found that policies aimed at quickening stunting deterrence were passable at the central, regional, and district levels, but rules on spiritual methods were still inadequate. Religious leaders do not get passable evidence related to stunting, so they cannot do their best back to the public. Conclusion: Religious and stunting issues are very relevant when conveyed by religious leaders. Religious leaders can act as social agents in preventing stunting through their religious activities. Religious leaders have the role of the main actor in disseminating information. Strategies to accelerate stunting prevention through a religious method by using suitable methods and communication networks such as premarital counseling, religious knowledge councils, and sermons.
Myelin histology: a key tool in nervous system research
Authors: García-García Óscar Darío , Carriel Víctor , Chato-Astrain Jesús
Published: May 2023

The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich, multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers. Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin, various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal, pathological or experimental conditions. Today, methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience research. In this review, we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures, from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining methods. Considering the lipoprotein nature of myelin, the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described, as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques.
One-step cell biomanufacturing platform: porous gelatin microcarrier beads promote human embryonic stem cell-derived midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell differentiation in vitro and survival after transplantation in vivo
Authors: Feng Lin , Li Da , Tian Yao , Zhao Chengshun , Sun Yun , Kou Xiaolong , Wu Jun , Wang Liu , Gu Qi , Li Wei , Hao Jie , Hu Baoyang , Wang Yukai
Published: May 2023

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202402000-00041/inline-graphic1/v/2023-07-19T141749Z/r/image-tiff

Numerous studies have shown that cell replacement therapy can replenish lost cells and rebuild neural circuitry in animal models of Parkinson’s disease. Transplantation of midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cells is a promising treatment for Parkinson’s disease. However, transplanted cells can be injured by mechanical damage during handling and by changes in the transplantation niche. Here, we developed a one-step biomanufacturing platform that uses small-aperture gelatin microcarriers to produce beads carrying midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cells. These beads allow midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell differentiation and cryopreservation without digestion, effectively maintaining axonal integrity in vitro. Importantly, midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell bead grafts showed increased survival and only mild immunoreactivity in vivo compared with suspended midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell grafts. Overall, our findings show that these midbrain dopaminergic progenitor cell beads enhance the effectiveness of neuronal cell transplantation.
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB: a current review and exploration of the AAV therapy landscape
Authors: Rouse Courtney J. , Jensen Victoria N. , Heldermon Coy D.
Published: May 2023

Mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase. This results in the aggregation of heparan sulfate polysaccharides within cell lysosomes that leads to progressive and severe debilitating neurological dysfunction. Current treatment options are expensive, limited, and presently there are no approved cures for mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB. Adeno-associated virus gene therapy has significantly advanced the field forward, allowing researchers to successfully design, enhance, and improve potential cures. Our group recently published an effective treatment using a codon-optimized triple mutant adeno-associated virus 8 vector that restores N-acetyl-alpha-glucosaminidase levels, auditory function, and lifespan in the murine model for mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB to that seen in healthy mice. Here, we review the current state of the field in relation to the capsid landscape, adeno-associated virus gene therapy and its successes and challenges in the clinic, and how novel adeno-associated virus capsid designs have evolved research in the mucopolysaccharidoses type IIIB field.
Evaluation of stress and deformation in bone with titanium, CFR-PEEK and zirconia ceramic implants by finite element analysis
Authors: Mahalakshmi G. , Gasthi Anjaneyulu , Hosain Almansour HM , Babaji P , Rao Madhusudhana U , Haseeb SA , Ramaiah Venkata V
Published: May 2023

Background:

As more recent implant biomaterials, Zirconia ceramic and glass or carbon fibre reinforced PEEK composites have been introduced. In this study, bone stress and deformation caused by titanium, carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFRPEEK), and zirconia ceramic implants were compared.

Materials and Methods:

In this in vitro finite element analysis study, a geometric model of mandibular molar replaced with implant supported crown was generated. The study used an implant that was 5 mm diameter and 11.5 length. Three implant assemblies made of CFR- polyetheretherketone (PEEK), zirconium, and titanium were created using finite element analysis (FEM). On the implant's long axis, 150 N loads were applied both vertically and obliquely. ANSYS Workbench 18.0 and finite element software were used to compare the Von Mises stresses and deformation produced with a significance level of P < 0.05.

Results:

With no discernible differences, all three implant assemblies that is CFR-PEEK, titanium, and zirconia demonstrated similar stresses and deformation in bone.

Conclusion:

It was determined that zirconia and PEEK and reinforced with carban fibres (CFR-PEEK) can be used as titanium-free implant biomaterial substitutes.
Endovascular treatment of the subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Cai Hao , Pang Yunfeng , Sun Ziqiang , Jin Song
Published: May 2023

Endovascular treatment is widely used for treating the subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm (SAP) because of its small trauma, fast recovery, exact effect, and low incidence of complications. However, when the systemic disease or infection that causes SAP is in the active phase, treatment of the primary disease is more critical. Surgical intervention should be performed after systemic symptoms have been controlled unless the situation is particularly critical. We introduced two cases of SAP caused by brucellosis and Behcet's disease and discussed the course of treatment.
Amitraz Poisoning – A Rare and Uncommon Case of Poisoning and Its Management
Authors: Bansal Vikash , Sharma Ridhima , Choudhary Ripon
Published: May 2023

A 25-year-old male presented to the peripheral hospital with an alleged history of ingestion of amitraz toxin 12.5% (approximately 150 mL), and presented with complaints of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and weakness. On examination, he was conscious but disoriented and agitated, oxygen saturation (SpO2) was 89%–90% on room air, pulse rate was 40/min, blood pressure (BP) was 110/70 mmHg, and bilateral (B/L) crepitations were present on auscultation. Emergency treatment included – intravenous(IV) fluid, atropine 0.6 mg IV, and gastric lavage. Oxygen was given through an oxygen mask with a reservoir bag at 10 L/min. After some time, the patient's Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) started deteriorating, and arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis revealed severe acidosis with pH of 7.109, pCO2 – 73, and HCO3 – 23.1, and immediately, the patient was transferred to a higher center given falling GCS, decreased saturation, and ABG finding. On presentation in the emergency department in our tertiary care center, the patient was unconscious, SpO2 was 69% on oxygen nonrebreathing mask – NRBM Mask at 15 L, BP was 128/78 mmHg, pulse rate was 104/min, and B/L crepitations were present on auscultation. The patient was immediately intubated in casualty and shifted to the intensive care unit for further management. Amitraz is a triazapentadiene, 1,5 di (2,4 dimethylphenyl) 3 methyl 1,3,5 triaza penta 1,4 diene, a formamidine pesticide, α2 adrenergic agonist in the central nervous system belongs to the amidine chemical family. The systemic effect of amitraz toxin is due to the activation of the pure α2-adrenergic agonist. It is a rare kind of poisoning in humans, and there exists a paucity of literature on the management of the aforementioned poisoning. Only a limited number of case reports of human intoxication have been published and most of them are of accidental ingestion by children. Due to insubstantial data on its management, this case report will be advantageous for practitioners working in emergency and intensive care departments.
Pressure Sore of Malar Prominence on Horseshoe Headrest
Authors: Pathak Sharmishtha , Agrawal Sanjay , Sharma Manav , Andleeb Roshan , Biswas Konish
Published: May 2023

Pressure sores over bony prominences of heel or sacrum due to positioning are commonly reported, however, the same occurring over malar prominences are rarely seen. We report a case of pressure sore over malar prominence in a patient undergoing surgery in the prone position on horseshoe headrest. These injuries pose a risk of infection, need for surgical intervention, increasing woes, and health cost burden of the patient. Patient care team should aim to prevent such complications by appropriate support device selection, adequate padding, and frequent position changes.
Effects of Prophylactic Bolus of Norepinephrine versus Phenylephrine on Maternal and Fetal Outcome during Caesarean Section under Subarachnoid Block
Authors: Gupta Anjeleena Kumar , Sinha Shweta , Gera Anjali , Marwaha Ashwin , Sood Jayashree
Published: May 2023

Background:

Vasopressors are the mainstay of treatment of subarachnoid block-induced hypotension (SAIH). The literature is ambiguous regarding the choice of vasopressor, the strategy of administration, and their potency ratio for proper comparison. A prophylactic bolus dosing is the preferred mode of administration for obstetric anesthesia. Thus, we undertook a study to assess the efficacy of norepinephrine (NE) and phenylephrine (PE) in preventing SAIH and compare their effects on maternal and fetal outcomes.

Materials and Methods:

A randomized, double-blind clinical study was conducted on 240 parturients planned for elective cesarean section under subarachnoid block (SAB). They were allocated to receive a prophylactic bolus dose of either NE 4 μg or PE 50 μg immediately after the SAB. The incidence of maternal hypotension (primary outcome); heart rate (HR), reactive hypertension, intraoperative nausea or vomiting, neonatal APGAR score, umbilical umblical cord blood pH, and the need for active neonatal resuscitation (secondary outcomes) was compared between the groups.

Results:

The incidence of hypotension was comparable between the groups (P = 0.42). The mean HR was significantly higher in the NE group at 2 min (83.9 ± 9.2 vs. 80.6 ± 9.3 bpm, P = 0.005), 3 min (84.4 ± 8.8 vs. 79.3 ± 11.1 bpm, P < 0.001) and 4 min (85.0 ± 9.9 vs. 79.6 ± 12.6 bpm, P < 0.001). Rest of the maternal and fetal outcomes were similar in both the groups.

Conclusion:

Based on the relative potency ratio of 12.5, the effect of an intermittent prophylactic bolus dose of NE is comparable to that of PE in preventing SAIH.
Assessment of Flexural and Compressive Strengths of EQUIA, GC Gold Hybrid, and Conventional GIC Restorative Materials
Authors: Joshi Keyur H , Gonapa Prasanthi , Tiriveedi Rishitha , Chowdhury Dibyendu Dam , Aggarwal Anurag , Mishra Samvit , Babaji Prashant
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

This in vitro research was performed to assess the flexural and compressive strengths of EQUIA, GC Gold Hybrid (GH), and conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorative materials. Materials and methods: This study compares three restorative

Materials:

group I—EQUIA Forte GIC, group II—GC GH, and group III—conventional GIC for compressive and flexural strength evaluation. With a specially made Teflon mold, thirty-six cylindrical test specimens measuring 4 mm × 5 mm in dimension were created. They were then placed in 20 mL of deionized water and kept at 37°C for 3 hours every day for 30 days. Later, they were subjected to compressive strength and flexural strength using the universal testing machine. Statistics were used to examine each and every result.

Result and Conclusion:

EQUIA had the highest average compressive strength and flexural strength, whereas traditional GIC restorative material had the lowest.
Conjunctival flora in vernal keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Mahapatra Ankita , Behera Sharmistha , Behera Sulin Kumar , Dora Jayshree
Published: May 2023

Aim:

To identify the association of normal bacterial flora with conjunctival flora in vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Materials and Methods:

This was a cross-sectional, comparative, hospital-based study over a period of 2 years involving 264 eyes of 132 clinically diagnosed VKC as cases and 264 eyes of 132 patients who came for refractive correction and regular eye check-up as controls. Patients were enquired about medical, treatment, personal, and family history. Routine ophthalmological tests were conducted. Conjunctival specimens were collected, cultured, and identified following standard methods. The association between the presence of bacteria in normal flora and VKC was analyzed using Chi-square statistic.

Results:

Comparable bacterial growth was observed in VKC (77.8%) as well as control group (74.3%) (P = 0.44). Analysis of individual bacteria revealed that Staphylococcus aureus was detected more frequently in VKC, 25% versus 11% in control, P < 0.0001, while Staphylococcus epidermidis was found much more commonly in the control eyes, 39.4% versus 28% in VKC, P = 0.0056.

Conclusion:

A possible aggravating role of S. aureus colonization in the occurrence of VKC and S. epidermidis against the occurrence of VKC was concluded.
Papillary thyroid carcinoma in thyroglossal cyst in a young female
Authors: Vulpala Alekya , Nalla Smitha , Deb Prasun , Mohammed Kashif M.
Published: May 2023

Ectopic thyroid tissue is rare, with a reported incidence of 1 in 300,000. A thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common developmental anomaly of the thyroid gland. The probability of carcinoma arising in such tissue is <1%. The incidence of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is more in 30–50 years. Here, we report a case of an 18-year-old female presenting with anterior neck swelling, found to have a thyroglossal cyst, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of which showed a cystic mass with sparse epithelial cells. After the Sistrunk surgery, biopsy showed classic papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. She underwent total thyroidectomy followed by thyroxine replacement. Thyroglossal cyst papillary carcinoma of the thyroid is a rare entity in young whose diagnosis is easily missed on FNAC; a thorough examination of the biopsy specimen is required. Management should be considered based on multiple associated factors. Overall, the prognosis of it is very good, with a 5-year survival rate of 95%.
PB3C-CNN: An integrated PB3C and CNN based approach for plant leaf classification
Authors: Ghosh Sukanta , Singh Amar , Kumar Shakti
Published: May 2023

Plant identification and classification are critical to understand, protect, and conserve biodiversity. Traditional plant classification requires years of intensive training and experience, making it difficult for others to classify plants. Plant leaf classification is a challenging issue as similar features appears in different species of plant. With the development of automated image-based classification, machine learning (ML) is becoming very popular. Deep learning (DL) methods have significantly improved plant image identification and classification. In the last decade, convolutional neural networks (CNN) have entirely dominated the field of computer vision, showing outstanding feature extraction capabilities and significant identification and classification performance. The capability of CNN lies in its network. The primary strategy to continue this trend in the literature relies on further scaling networks in size. However, costs increase rapidly, while performance improvements may be marginal when the number of net-works increases. Hence, there is a need to optimize the CNN network to get the best possible result with the minimum number of networks and other parameters such as the number of epochs, number of layers, batch size and number of neurons. The paper aims to evolve the optimal architecture of CNN using PB3C algorithm for plant leaf classification. For this, we use the nature-inspired computing technique parallel big bang–big crunch to evolve a CNN's optimal architecture automatically. Current study validated the proposed approach for plant leaf classification and compared it with 11 other machine learning-based approaches. From the results obtained it was found that the proposed approach was able to outperforms all 11 existing state-of-the-art techniques.
Influência dos Distúrbios do Sono no comportamento da criança
Authors: Potasz Clarisse , Carvalho Luciane BC , Natale Vivian B , Russo Claudia RA , Ferreira Vanessa R , Varela Maria José V , Prado Lucila BF , Prado Gilmar F
Published: May 2023

Introdução. Os distúrbios do sono (DS) podem aparecer em qualquer fase da vida e podem ser influenciados por fatores culturais, psicológicos e sociais. Há uma estreita relação entre problemas noturnos e as alterações diurnas do comportamento. O objetivo deste estudo foi averiguar hábitos de sono, a prevalência de DS e a relação com o comportamento de crianças. Método. Foram incluídas crianças na faixa etária de 3 a 14 anos. Os pais das crianças responderam a questionários sobre alteração do sono na infância, em duas escolas da zona Sul da cidade de São Paulo. Resultados. Os hábitos de sono mais prevalentes foram: ser acordadas por alguém (43,6%), dividir quarto com outra pessoa (43,6%), sonolência excessiva diurna (14,5%), despertar por ruídos leves durante a noite (14,5%). As crianças mais novas dormiram mais tempo que as mais velhas. Das 36 crianças descritas como tendo sono agitado (65%), 17 apresentaram dificuldades de concentração. Dentre as 24 crianças descritas como “crianças agitadas” (44%), 18 apresentaram sono agitado e 10 roncavam. Conclusão. As crianças que roncaram apresentaram problemas de concentração, sono agitado, agressividade e choro.
The adult-centered teaching strategies for the livestock System resilience with a variety of extension agent workloads’ demands: a case study of Thies and Diourbel Regions, Senegal
Authors: Kane Ousmane , Badji Alkaly , Westfall-Rudd Donna
Published: May 2023

Senegalese extension services play a crucial role in Senegalese agriculture which is still characterized as family and peasant-based. Extension agents provide technical support and information to breeders. Today, an adaptation to the use of natural resources is necessary because of the degradation of the agro-pastoral ecosystem, hence the need for innovative training and awarenessraising strategies. Therefore, the purpose was the enhancement of the teaching approaches implemented to local breeders in the context of climate change in the Diourbel and Thies regions. The researcher collected qualitative data, including document analysis and in-depth interviews with 12 extension agents. Findings included insight into the training experiences of extension agents in the context of climate change. Besides, the results showed that the program planning is effective and helped to design practical teaching content. In addition, the adult-centered teaching approach is a new concept for the participants. However, the findings demonstrated the need to improve knowledge in teaching and learning innovations for extension agents in natural resource conservations. In sum, they need program planning and continuing professional development programs to be efficient in diffusing the concept to change the mindset and behaviors of breeders.
Aire marine protégée du Bamboung pour une initiative de conservation de la biodiversité aquatique
Authors: Guire Rimso D. A. , Tranchot-Diallo Juliette , Abdoulaye Diane
Published: May 2023

Les initiatives des Organisations Non Gouvernementale (ONG) comme OCEANIUM Sénégal, ont un impact sur la protection de l’environnement. L’objectif de cette recherche est de démontrer l’importance de la contribution de OCEANIUM Sénégal dans la préservation de la biodiversité aquatique. La recherche a été menée dans le Bamboug au Sénégal et a impliqué quatorze villages qui ont fait l’objet d’échantillonnage et la population a été enquêtée. Les deux plus gros villages étaient SIPPO et SOUKOUTA. Des données ont également été recueillies auprès d’organismes comme, l'Union Internationale pour la Conservation de la Nature, l’Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, la Commission Sous Régionale de la Pêche, le programme Régional de la Conservation de la zone Côtière et Marine en Afrique de l’Ouest. OCEANIUM Sénégal, a mis en place l’aire marine protégée en 2003. Sept ans après on comptait vingt-trois nouvelles espèces, des proportions et tailles de poissons bien plus considérables. En 2018 on y comptait plus de 130 espèces. Par ailleurs, un site éco touristique a été mis en place. La contribution des ONG et associations et notamment celle OCEANIUM au Sénégal est incontestablement très bénéfiques quantitativement et qualitativement dans la protection des ressources aquatiques et la gestion durable de la biodiversité.

English title: Marine protected area of Bamboung in Senegal: The initiative of the NGO OCEANIUM, in favor of aquatic biodiversity conservation

The initiatives of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) such as OCEANIUM Senegal, have impact on environment protection. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the importance of OCEANIUM Senegal contribution in the preservation of aquatic biodiversity. The research was conducted in Bamboug in Senegal and involved fourteen villages that were sampled and the population surveyed. The two largest villages were SIPPO and SOUKOUTA. Data was also collected from organizations such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the Research Institute for Development, the Sub-Regional Fisheries Commission, the Regional Program for the Conservation of the Coastal Zone and Navy in West Africa. OCEANIUM Senegal, set up the marine protected area in 2003. Seven years later there were twenty-three new species, much larger proportions and sizes of fish. In 2018 there were more than 130 species. In addition, an ecotourism site has been set up. The contribution of NGOs and associations and in particular that of OCEANIUM in Senegal is undeniably very beneficial quantitatively and qualitatively in the protection of aquatic resources and the sustainable management of biodiversity.
Analyse de la chaîne de valeur du soumbala et état des populations de Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) G. Don en zone Sud soudanienne du Burkina Faso : cas de la province du Houet
Authors: Cisse Hanifata , Ouedraogo Issaka , Sambare Oumarou , Hien Mipro
Published: May 2023

L’étude analyse la chaîne de valeur (CV) du soumbala et l'état des populations de Parkia biglobosa dans la province du Houet. Des enquêtes ont été menées auprès des 150 acteurs de la CV pour évaluer leurs revenus. Des mesures dendrométriques ont été effectuées sur P. biglobosa pour évaluer la structure de ses populations dans deux modes d’utilisation des terres (savanes et agrosystèmes). Les proportions des réponses des enquêtes et des paramètres structuraux des populations à P. biglobosa ont été calculées. Des tests statistiques ont ensuite été effectués entre les bénéfices engrangés par les acteurs de la CV et aussi entre les paramètres dendrométriques de l’espèce en savane et en agrosystème grâce aux logiciels R et Minitab 14. Ces analyses révèlent que la CV du soumbala est rentable. Cependant, les structures des populations de l’espèce sont en cloche caractéristiques d’un faible potentiel de régénération. Des dispositions doivent être alors prises pour assurer la régénération afin d’éviter de compromettre, à terme, l’utilisation durable de l’espèce et par conséquent la CV du soumbala.

English title: Analysis of the soumbala value chain and the state of the Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) G. Don populations in the South Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso: the case of the Houet province

The study analyses the value chain (VC) of soumbala and the status of Parkia biglobosa populations in the Houet province. Surveys were conducted among 150 VC actors to assess their income. Dendrometric measurements were carried out on P. biglobosa to assess its population structure in two land- use patterns (savannah and agrosystems). Proportions of survey responses and population structure parameters for P. biglobosa were calculated. Statistical tests were then carried out between the benefits gained by the VC stakeholders and also between the dendrometric parameters of the species in savannah and agrosystems using R and Minitab 14 software. These analyses reveal that Soumbala VC is profitable. However, the population structures of the species are bell-shaped, indicating a low regeneration potential. Measures must therefore be taken to ensure regeneration in order to avoid compromising the sustainable use of the species and consequently the CV of soumbala.
Caractérisation des sols ferrugineux tropicaux lessivés et des sols bruns eutrophes tropicaux pour l’utilisation agricole dans le bas-fond de Goundi-Djoro (Burkina Faso)
Authors: Bassole Zelbié , Yanogo Isidore Pawendkisgou , Idani Fulgence Talaridia
Published: May 2023

La connaissance des propriétés physico-chimiques des sols est nécessaire pour l’agriculture durable visant à la fois l’accroissement des rendements agricoles et la préservation de la fertilité des sols. L’objectif de cette étude était de déterminer les caractéristiques morphologiques et physico-chimiques des sols ferrugineux lessivés et bruns eutrophes du bas-fond de Goundi-Djoro, en vue d’améliorer les pratiques agricoles. Pour ce faire, des profils pédologiques ont été ouverts et décrits sur le terrain. Des échantillons de sols ont été prélevés et analysés au laboratoire. Les résultats montrent que 82% des sols ferrugineux ont une texture grossière, limono-sableuse. Ils sont peu profonds, avec une faible capacité de rétention en eau et de nombreux éléments grossiers. Par contre, les sols bruns sont profonds, avec une texture fine de types argileux (50%) et limonoargileux (37,5%). Leurs réserves en eau sont très élevées, entre 13,10% et 22,60%. Sur le plan chimique, les sols ferrugineux sont pauvres avec des pH très fortement acides (4,7), de faibles teneurs en éléments nutritifs et en bases échangeables. Tandis que, les sols bruns sont fertiles, avec des pH faiblement acides à neutres (6,62). La qualité des sols du site pourrait être améliorée par des amendements organiques et minéraux.

English title: Characterization of leached tropical ferruginous soils and tropical eutrophic brown soils for agricultural use in the lowland of Goundi-Djoro (Burkina Faso)Knowledge of the physico-chemical properties of soils is necessary for sustainable agriculture aimed at both increasing agricultural yields and preserving soil fertility. The objective of this study was to determine the morphological and physico-chemical characteristics of the leached ferruginous and brown eutrophic soils of the lowland of Goundi-Djoro, with a view to improving agricultural practices. To do this, soil profiles were opened and described in the field. Soil samples were taken and analyzed in the laboratory. The results show that 82% of ferruginous soils have a coarse, sandy-loamy texture. They are shallow, with low water holding capacity and many coarse elements. On the other hand, the brown soils are deep, with a fine texture of clayey (50%) and silty-clayey (37.5%) types. Their water reserves are very high, between 13.10% and 22.60%. From a chemical point of view, ferruginous soils are poor with very strongly acidic pH (4.7), low levels of nutrients and exchangeable bases. While, brown soils are fertile, with weakly acidic to neutral pH (6.62). The quality of the site's soils could be improved by organic and mineral amendments.
AVANT-PROPOS: Biodiversité des écosystèmes et exploitation des ressources naturelles dans un contexte de changement climatique
Authors: Zongo Bilassé , Tiendrebeogo Nebnoma Romaric , Koama K. Benjamin , Sarr Sérigne Modou , Dieng Moussa , Ouedraogo Amadé
Published: May 2023

No Abstract
Algebric method and LSCR technique for estimating the parameters of a bioreactor
Authors: Borsali S.
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we are interested in identifying the parameters of a bioreactor in the case of a nitrification process. To represent the uncertainties that affect these parameters, we fo cus on the set approach based on interval arithmetic, in particular set inversion, to obtain guaranteed results. First, a method of studying observability and identifiability by an algebraic method is carried out. The LSCR (Leave out Sign dominant Correlat ion Regions) method used in this article for the identification of parameters is based on the construction of non asymptotic confidence regions for the parameters of the dynamic system This method, using the calculation of the correlation functions, makes it possible to construct regions containing the real value of the parameters to be identified with a guaranteed probability and with a minimum knowledge of noise. For guaranteed results, set inversion has been associated with this approach.