bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation between age and head diameters in the paediatric patients during CT examination of the head
Authors: Fahmi Arif , Anam Choirul , Suryono  , Ali Mohd Hanafi , Jauhari Arif
Published: December 2019

An estimate of patient dose, patient size should be used to normalise the output dose of CT machine in the terms of volume CT dose index, CTDIvol. There are two metrics to characterise the patient size, i.e. the effective diameter (Deff) and the water-equivalent diameter (Dw). These two metrics could be estimated by patient age. However, to date, relationships between the age and head patient size (Deff and Dw) have not been established for the pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to establish the relationships between the age and head patient size (Deff and the Dw) as the basis for calculating the size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) for paediatric head CT examination. The data were retrospectively collected from serial images of the CT head in the DICOM file from one hundred and thirteen paediatric patients aged 0-17 years (63 male and 50 female patients) underwent head CT examinations. The patient’s sizes (Deff and Dw) were calculated from the patient’s images using the IndoseCT version 15a software. The Deff and Dw values were correlated with age of patients using regression analysis. It was found that patient size (Deff and Dw) correlated well with the age of the patient with R2 more than 0.8. The size of the Dw is bigger than the Deff. The Deff values for male patients are 12.38 to 16.21 cm, and Dw values are 11.96 to 18.16 cm, respectively. For female patients, the values of Deff are from 11.54 to 16.87 cm, and the values of Dw are from 11.60 to 17.86 cm, respectively.
Conductivity change with needle electrode during high frequency irreversible electroporation: a finite element study
Authors: Khorasani Amir , Firoozabadi Seyed Mohammad , Shankayi Zeinab
Published: December 2019

Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a process in which the cell membrane is damaged and leads to cell death. IRE has been used as a minimally invasive ablation tool. This process is affected by some factors. The most important factor is the electric field distribution inside the tissue. The electric field distribution depends on the electric pulse parameters and tissue properties, such as the electrical conductivity of tissue. The present study focuses on evaluating the tissue conductivity change due to high-frequency and low-voltage (HFLV) as well as low-frequency and high-voltage (LFHV) pulses during irreversible electroporation. We were used finite element analysis software, COMSOL Multiphysics 5.0, to calculate the conductivity change of the liver tissue. The HFLV pulses in this study involved 4000 bipolar and monopolar pulses with a frequency of 5 kHz, pulse width of 100 µs, and electric field intensity from 100 to 300 V/cm. On the other hand, the LFHV pulses, which we were used, included 8 bipolar and monopolar pulses with a frequency of 1 Hz, the pulse width of 2 ms and electric field intensity of 2500 V/cm. The results demonstrate that the conductivity change for LFHV pulses due to the greater electric field intensity was higher than for HFLV pulses. The most significant conclusion is the HFLV pulses can change tissue conductivity only in the vicinity of the tip of electrodes. While LFHV pulses change the electrical conductivity significantly in the tissue of between electrodes.
Comparison of Composite Laminates Machining Methods and its Influence on Process Temperature and Edge Quality
Authors: Jaśkiewicz Robert
Published: December 2019

The article presents the description of technological trials and the results of three methods of machining carbon fiber reinforced composites panels. It also reviews the literature concerned heat affected zone in composites and its influence on material properties. As a part of the research, the cutting method using diamond coated saw was tested, as well as the milling method with two different types of carbide milling cutters. The processing of the panels was done using 4-axis CNC machine with special adapter for cutting discs in Composite Testing Laboratory (Center for Composite Technologies, Warsaw Institute of Aviation). The methods were compared in terms of machined edge quality and panel temperature during the processes. For this purpose, thermocouples were mounted into panels. Records from thermocouples were included. Edge quality and surface roughness have been checked by microscopic observation. Additionally, samples machined by each evaluated processing method were tested using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The method was used to determine the glass transition temperature of the tested material. The article conclusions contain a comparison of three processing methods in terms of cutting quality, process temperature, processing method productivity as well as DSC tests results.
O PAPEL DO INTERESSE NA DEMOCRACIA E NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Muraro Darcisio Natal
Published: December 2019

O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar o papel do interesse na concepção de democracia e educação desenvolvidas por John Dewey. A questão que orienta nossa pesquisa consiste em compreender o que é o interesse na perspectiva de Dewey e como ele se constitui como conceito basilar para pensar a democracia e a educação? O desenvolvimento da questão exige explicitar o critério encontrado pelo autor para balisar a democracia que são os interesses compartilhados. Este passo nos motiva a compreender como o autor situa a gênese do interesse a partir do conceito de imaturidade como capacidade de aprender continuamente. O interesse, como cariz da liberdade e educabilidade humana, é a possibilidade de uma educação por meio da democracia. Decorre do exposto que a metodologia que ampara a pesquisa consiste de análise desta trama conceitual construída pelo autor por meio do estudo bibliográfica nas principais obras do autor.
PLACAS COM A NOTA DO IDEB NA FACHADA DAS ESCOLAS EM MINAS GERAIS: OS ESCORES DE RENDIMENTO ANTE A COMPLEXIDADE DA REALIDADE ESCOLAR
Authors: Araújo Abelardo Bento
Published: December 2019

Este texto é um recorte de uma tese de doutorado que analisou o monitoramento da qualidade da educação em Minas Gerais. A pesquisa qualitativa contou com entrevistas de 15 profissionais da educação e observação direta em uma escola pública da rede estadual de Minas Gerais, em Belo Horizonte. Diferentemente da tese, em que se apresentam os sujeitos e o ambiente da pesquisa e se realiza a análise dos dados em conjunto, neste texto apresentam-se recortes das falas desses sujeitos, com o propósito de discutir a afixação das placas com as notas do Índice de Desenvolvimento da Educação Básica (Ideb) na fachada das escolas. Emergem como questões para as políticas educacionais a desconfiança dos professores em relação à sintetização da realidade escolar em um único índice exibido à comunidade externa de forma descontextualizada.
A Study of The Convolutional Neural Networks Applications
Authors: Shamsaldin Ahmed , Fattah Polla , Rashid Tarik , Al-Salihi Nawzad
Published: December 2019

At present, deep learning is widely used in a broad range of arenas. A convolutional neural networks (CNN) is becoming the star of deep learning as it gives the best and most precise results when cracking real-world problems. In this work, a brief description of the applications of CNNs in two areas will be presented: First, in computer vision, generally, that is, scene labeling, face recognition, action recognition, and image classification; Second, in natural language processing, that is, the fields of speech recognition and text classification.
REAL TEACHING: ANXIETY AND SOLUTION
Authors: Agustiana Vina
Published: December 2019

Anxiety in dealing with real teaching is experienced by preservice teachers. This anxiety can certainly disrupt the process of implementing real teaching. If anxiety can be detected early, various efforts can be made to reduce the anxiety. Thus, this study seeks to explore the anxiety faced by preservice teacher in dealing with real teaching and their efforts to reduce such anxiety. In order to achieve the research objectives, the researcher applied qualitative research through a case study strategy using structured interviews of 238 preservice teachers at one of Indonesia�s private universities. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that there are 14 anxiety faced by preservice teachers in carrying out real teaching which is divided into 5 factors causing anxiety, namely schools, teachers, students, lecturers, and the preservice teachers themselves, as well as 9 attempts by preservice teachers in order to deal with this anxiety. Broadly speaking, good communication between preservice teachers and stakeholders of real teaching activities that includes schools, teachers, students, and lecturers is an effort that can be done so that the teaching anxiety can be reduced.
TEACHING ENGLISH THROUGH YOUTUBE: GRAMMAR VIDEO ANALYSIS OF THREE BRAZILIAN YOUTUBE CHANNELS DEDICATED TO EFL TEACHING
Authors: Fay Aline De Azevedo , Matias Juliana
Published: December 2019

The objective of this research is to analyze grammar lessons of three Brazilian YouTube Channels of English as a Foreign Language. It compares the approaches applied by each teacher in their videos and investigates if the lessons approach the explanation of meaning, use, and form of the grammar. It also aims to find out if the lessons are hackneyed regarding the online learning environment. The analysis consisted of watching two videos of the YouTube channels English in Brazil, Ingl�s Compartilhado and Mairo Vergara. The results showed that out of the six videos, five contained a grammar explanation that addressed meaning, use, and form of the language. They also adopted the deductive approach to grammar teaching. Only one video did not explain the grammar (quantifiers), but a trick to memorize the use of quantifiers. As for technology, the main tool teachers used was captions to illustrate example sentences of the grammar. Other tools consisted of the use of the software �Notepad� and animation. Thus, there was not an innovation on the videos regarding technology. Future research is needed to understand if there is the necessity to apply cutting-edge tools to teach on YouTube and if it is mandatory to review and to adapt the pedagogical practices for language learning YouTube videos.
Analysis Level of Digital Literacy of Digital Natives: How The Impact On Their Self-Regulated Learning?
Authors: Jannah Syayyidah Maftuhatul
Published: December 2019

This study aims to analyze the level of digital literacy of millennial generation and how it affects their abilities in their learning process (self-regulated learning). Data were obtained through an online questionnaire distributed to students at several universities in Yogyakarta. The number of questionnaires that can be processed is 100 questionnaires. Furthermore, the collected data is then analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that the level of digital literacy of female students could be said to be higher than that of male students. However, both male and female students have not so high scores on the dimensions of critical understanding as one dimension of digital literacy. The results of this study also show that digital literacy has a positive effect on self-regulated learning.
Stock Liquidity and Stock Return
Authors: Violita Cynthia Eka
Published: December 2019

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of stock liquidity on stock returns on manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This study uses two control variables namely size and age and the study period from 2013 to 2017. The type of research used is quantitative, while the sample of this study are all manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2013 to 2017. The method of determining the sample used is used is purposive sampling. The procedure of data collection in this research is the documentation method. The intended documentation method is collecting secondary data from the company's financial statements. Data analysis techniques used in this study were multiple linear regression, t test, and the coefficient of determination. The results showed that stock liquidity had a positive and significant effect on stock returns. While growth opportunity have a significant positive effect on stock returns.
Noninvasive thermal evaluation for shunt failure in the emergency room
Authors: Xu Jordan , Poole Cassie , Sahyouni Ronald , Chen Jefferson
Published: December 2019

Background:

Ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPSs) have been the mainstay of treating hydrocephalus since the 1950s. However, shunts have a reported complication rate reaching nearly 50%. Devices have been developed that utilize noninvasive thermal transcutaneous diffusion technology. These shunt evaluation devices measure temperature gradients to detect shunt cerebrospinal fluid flow. We assessed the utility using a thermal diffusion technique to work up shunt failure in the emergency room (ER).

Methods:

This was a retrospective case series at a single medical center ER. We included consecutive patients with possible VPS malfunction who were evaluated with a thermal sensor. The time period of data collection included September 2015–April 2018.

Results:

Eight patients were reviewed, including four males and four females. The average age of reviewed patients was 35.1 (+/− ; 16.5). In our case series, three patients had adequate shunt flow as assessed by the shunt evaluation device, and the decision was made to discharge the patient and follow-up in clinic. In two patients, the flow was diminished, but due to other reassuring signs, the patients were still discharged with follow-up. Two patients were noted to have poor flow and were admitted for shunt revision.

Conclusion:

It is important to determine whether a malfunction is present and whether an intervention is necessary for patients who present to the emergency department with possible symptoms of shunt failure. A thermal sensor is a fast and noninvasive tool in the evaluation of shunt flow and helps determine whether it is safe to send a patient home or intervene appropriately.
An update on pediatric surgical epilepsy: Part II
Authors: Gadgil Nisha , Muir Matthew , Lopresti Melissa A. , Lam Sandi K.
Published: December 2019

Background:

Recent advances may allow surgical options for pediatric patients with refractory epilepsy not previously deemed surgical candidates. This review outlines major technological developments in the field of pediatric surgical epilepsy.

Methods:

The literature was comprehensively reviewed and summarized pertaining to stereotactic electroencephalography (sEEG), laser ablation, focused ultrasound (FUS), responsive neurostimulation (RNS), and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in pediatric epilepsy patients.

Results:

sEEG allows improved seizure localization in patients with widespread, bilateral, or deep-seated epileptic foci. Laser ablation may be used for destruction of deep-seated epileptic foci close to eloquent structures; FUS has a similar potential application. RNS is a palliative option for patients with eloquent, multiple, or broad epileptogenic foci. DBS is another palliative approach in children unsuitable for respective surgery.

Conclusion:

The landscape of pediatric epilepsy is changing due to improved diagnostic and treatment options for patients with refractory seizures. These interventions may improve seizure outcomes and decrease surgical morbidity, though further research is needed to define the appropriate role for each modality.
Conjugated Polymer Donor-Molecular Acceptor Nanohybrids for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Yang Haofan , Li Xiaobo , Sprick Reiner Sebastian , Cooper Andrew I.
Published: December 2019

A library of 237 organic binary/ternary nanohybrids consisting of conjugated polymers donors and both fullerene and non-fullerene molecular acceptors was prepared and screened for sacrificial photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. These donor-acceptor nanohybrids (DANHs) showed significantly enhanced hydrogen evolution rates compared with the parent donor or acceptor compounds. DANHs of a polycarbazole-based donor combined with a methanofullerene acceptor (PCDTBT/PC60BM) showed a high hydrogen evolution rate of 105.2 mmol g-1 h-1 under visible light (λ > 420 nm). This DANH photocatalyst produced 5.9 times more hydrogen than a sulfone-containing polymer (P10) under the same conditions, which is one of the most efficient organic photocatalysts reported so far. An apparent quantum yield of hydrogen evolution of 3.0 % at 595 nm was measured for this DANH. The photocatalytic activity of the DANHs, which in optimized cases reached 179.0 mmol g-1 h-1, is attributed to efficient charge transfer at the polymer donor/molecular acceptor interface. We also show that ternary donorA-donorB-acceptor nanohybrids can give higher activities than binary donor-acceptor hybrids in some cases.
Copper(I)-Catalyzed Dearomative (3+2) Cycloaddition of 3-Nitroindoles with Propargylic Nucleophiles: a Straightforward Entry for The Preparation of Cyclopenta[b]indolines
Authors: Ling Johanne , Mara David , Roure Baptiste , Laugeois Maxime , Vitale MAxime
Published: December 2019

The copper(I)-catalyzed dearomatization of 3-nitroindoles with propargylic nucleophiles is described. In mild reaction conditions, this original dearomative (3+2) cycloaddition process gives access to a wide variety of cyclopenta[b]indolines in good to excellent yields, with high functional group tolerance. Furthermore, an enantioselective version of this reaction is reachable by employing chiral phosphorous ligands. A mechanism proposal is given, based on kinetic studies.
Cross-Linker Control of Vitrimer Flow
Authors: El-Zaatari Bassil , Ishibashi Jacob , Kalow Julia
Published: December 2019

Vitrimers are a class of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) that undergo topology reconfiguration via associative exchange reactions, enabling reprocessing at elevated temperatures. Here, we show that the use of an associative mechanism additionally enables decoupling of stiffness and stress relaxation. Guided by calculated activation barriers, we prepared a series of cross-linkers with varying reactivity for the conjugate addition–elimination of thiols in a PDMS vitrimer, and demonstrate modulation of stress relaxation rate while maintaining constant stiffness. Surprisingly, despite a wide range of stress relaxation rates, we observe that the flow activation energy of the bulk material is independent of the cross-linker structure. Superposition of storage and loss moduli from frequency sweeps can be performed for different cross-linkers, indicating the same exchange mechanism. We show that we can mix different cross-linkers in a single material in order to further modulate the stress relaxation behavior.
Disney’s Shifting Visions of Villainy from the 1990s to the 2010s: A Biocultural Analysis
Authors: Kjeldgaard-Christiansen Jens , Schmidt Sarah Helene
Published: December 2019

Disney’s animated villains have recently changed to show less conventionally villainous traits: They look and express themselves more like sympathetic characters, and they are usually only outed as villains late in the plot. This shift has prompted much academic com­mentary on the psychological and cultural significance of Disney’s new villains. We add to the existing literature on Disney’s new villains in two ways. First, we analyze shifts in the vocalizations of villains between the 1990s and 2010s. Second, we integrate this analysis in a biocultural account of Disney’s shifting overall representations of villains. We argue that while Disney has long employed evolutionarily explicable cues to villainy, such as a foreign accent and an unappealing exterior, the company is now reacting to challenges to norms of social representation that proscribe the linking of such overt traits with immorality. Con­sequently, recent Disney films do not employ socially stigmatizing cues. However, Disney continues to employ nonstigmatizing cues, such as evil laughter and abiding anger, because these cues foster antipathy in audiences at no sociomoral risk.
Forays into the Dark Field of Evolutionary Horror Film Research: A Meagre Harvest
Authors: Clasen Mathias
Published: December 2019

Evolutionary or biocultural theorizing about horror films has been slow to gain traction in film studies, but the field has seen two recent book publications, Mastering Fear by Rikke Schubart and Primal Roots of Horror Cinema by Carrol L. Fry. Unfortunately, neither book is poised to make a substantial impact on evolutionary horror film theory. Mastering Fear ultimately undermines its own engagement with evolutionary social science, and Primal Roots of Horror Cinema stops short of contributing substantially to the field beyond its compelling argument for the relevance of evolutionary social science to film studies. Plenty of work remains to be done at the fertile junction between evolutionary psychology and horror film.
Resiliensi pada Remaja yang Terinfeksi HIV/AIDS (ODHA)
Authors: Savitri Anna Dian , Purwaningtyastuti Purwaningtyastuti
Published: December 2019

This study aims to determine the resilience picture of adolescents infected with HIV AIDS. Subjects in this study were adolescents who tested positive for HIV / AIDS, were undergoing ARV treatment and were willing to become research subjects. The informants who supported this research came from volunteers and the leadership of the shelter where the subjects resided. The method used in this research is a qualitative paradigm with a case study approach. Subject and informant data collection through structured interviews, while the analysis technique used uses triangulation of sources, by comparing the analysis of subject data with research informants. The results of this study are high levels of Sy resilience. Aspects of I Have include support and attention from others, Sy prioritizes pleasure and comfort, has a role model, has the drive to be independent, and has experienced health discrimination, gets good education and safety services. Factor I Am includes having an attractive attitude, expressing love through actions, and caring. I Can aspects include being able to express what is felt and thinking, being able to solve problems, being able to control emotions, and being able to foster good relations with others. The subject has good resilience and is able to accept his condition

Keywords: Resilience, Youth, HIV / AIDS

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A leitura e a contação de histórias como direitos fundamentais da infância: experiências com crianças em situação de vulnerabilidade
Authors: Oliveira Andreia Dos Santos , Freitas Sirley Leite , De Lima Elieuza Aparecida
Published: December 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo propor reflexão sobre a leitura e contação de histórias como direitos fundamentais da infância à luz da Teoria Histórico-cultural, a partir do relato de experiência de um projeto de extensão realizado em instituição de atendimento a crianças em situação de acolhimento devido ao abandono ou maus tratos. Para isso, como metodologia, utilizou-se da revisão bibliográfica e da análise das experiências vivenciadas em campo. Como resultados defendemos a tese de que a leitura e a contação de história são direitos fundamentais da infância porque são meios genuínos de construção de conhecimentos e desenvolvimento da criança. Desta forma cabe a família, escola e sociedade encontrar formas para que toda criança tenha o direito de ter acesso à leitura e contação de história desde a mais tenra infância.
Educação como direito dos bebês: atendimento, prioridade e acesso na Baixada Fluminense
Authors: Ribeiro da Silva Arruda Glacione , Monteiro do Nascimento Anelise
Published: December 2019

Este texto tem como objetivo apresentar uma pesquisa que investigou o atendimento educacional oferecido aos bebês menores de um ano nos municípios da Baixada Fluminense (RJ). Nesse estudo, os bebês são compreendidos como categoria social, a partir da condição de sujeito e pessoa, do lugar que eles ocupam nas políticas para Educação Infantil e da garantia do direito ao atendimento nos sistemas educacionais. O referencial teórico-metodológico se construiu no diálogo entre os estudos da Filosofia, Ciência Políticae Direito. Como conclusão, destaca-se que o atendimento educacional dos bebês menores de um ano é um direito não efetivado pela maior parte dos municípios da Baixada Fluminense- somente quatro, dos trezes municípios da região, realizam esse atendimento. A realidade desses quatro municípios foi analisada sob três aspectos: a indefinição sobre a idade inicial para o atendimento na creche, a falta de prioridade e os critérios para o acesso- o que torna o atendimento aos bebês discricionário. Os bebês ocupam o lugar de sujeitos nas e das políticas, porém ainda não podem ser considerados objetos dessas políticas.
Desafios profissionais da coordenação pedagógica: o que dizem os estudos da área
Authors: De Santana Kamila Lima , Martins Ângela Maria
Published: December 2019

Este artigo integra investigação maior que analisou possibilidades e limites nas funções de coordenadores pedagógicos da rede municipal de São Paulo na implementação do Sistema de Gestão Pedagógica. Tem como propósito discutir elementos que incidem na construção de sua identidade profissional, assim como dos conhecimentos necessários para o exercício da função. Considera-se que a formação inicial e continuada de professores são aspectos que configuram contexto relevante para que o trabalho cotidiano
Fatores de escolaridade associados ao desempenho dos estudantes de Educação Física no ENADE
Authors: De Medeiros Filho Antonio Evanildo Cardoso , Silva Lucas Souza , Da Silva Paulo Henrique Rodrigues , De Sousa Leandro Araújo , Pontes Junior José Airton De Freitas
Published: December 2019

Apontar os principais fatores associado ao desempenho acadêmico, desde a Educação Básica até o Ensino Superior, pode contribuir na construção e inovação de políticas públicas educacionais. Dessa forma, o estudo teve como objetivo associar o desempenho dos estudantes dos cursos de licenciatura em Educação Física no Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (Enade) com as variáveis referentes à escolaridade estudantil.  Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, exploratório e transversal. Participaram 15.400 (26,52 ± 6,43 anos de idade) estudantes do curso de licenciatura em Educação Física participantes no ENADE 2017. Para coleta e análise dos dados foram explorados os microdados disponibilizados pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (INEP). Os resultados apontaram, dentre outros fatores, um maior desempenho por parte dos estudantes que cursaram a Educação Básica na modalidade de ensino privado, bem como os que cursaram o Ensino Médio na modalidade de Cursos Técnicos Profissionalizantes e que tiveram auxílios de bolsas acadêmicas durante a graduação. Por outro lado, evidenciou-se um menor desempenho pertencem aos estudantes que cursaram a modalidade “Educação de Jovens e Adultos” e/ou Ensino Supletivo, como também os estudantes que afirmaram em apenas assistiam às aulas.
Perfil do egresso em Administração: estudo em uma faculdade particular mineira
Authors: Campos Rafaella Cristina , Rezende Ana Carolina , Souza Mariella Silva , Botelho Marina Alvarenga , Hipólito-Borges Denise Aparecida
Published: December 2019

Objetiva-se caracterizar o perfil do egresso do curso de administração de uma faculdade particular. Opta-se pela metodologia quanti-qualitativa, análise descritiva de 70 questionários semiabertos disponibilizados na modalidade online e tabulados em Excel. Há também a observância das ações institucionais para captação, retenção e formação dos egressos. Conclui-se que o perfil do egresso em administração é plural, bem como a percepção de sua formação e exercício profissional. Destaca-se a importância do desenvolvimento interpessoal, que foi considerada crucial, fato que permite questionar a preocupação técnica de instituições de ensino. Além disso, os motivos descritos para a escolha da faculdade e do curso são contraditórios às campanhas de marketing institucional da faculdade em questão.
O livro didático como objeto da história da educação brasileira
Authors: Santana dos Santos Oton Magno , Bomfim Natanael
Published: December 2019

O presente trabalho apresenta reflexões sobre o livro didático com ênfase na sua importância como suporte mais recorrente ao trabalho docente e, em muitos casos, o único suporte disponível a professores e estudantes. Propõe uma discussão sobre o conceito de livro didático e suas implicações históricas. Na sequência, destaca o Programa Nacional do Livro Didático, sua história e sua abrangência. Para tanto, realizamos uma breve descrição do histórico do LD, através de consultas aos portais do MEC e do FNDE. Utilizamos as definições de Antônio Gomes Batista, Maria José Coracini, Marisa Lajolo e Regina Zilberman para entender não apenas a definição de livro didático, mas também o seu objeto e os seus precursores ou antecedentes. Além dos autores citados, foram citados como referência neste trabalho Cassiano (2013), Kleiman (2008) e Munakata (2007).
Prospects for the use of stone processing waste to obtain architectural and building ceramics
Authors: Voronov G.K. , Fesenko A.I. , Savvova O.V. , Melnyk S.O. , Dehurko O.P.
Published: December 2019

The article presents the results of a study of stone processing waste in order to justify the implementation of the technological process of manufacturing architectural and construction products with their use. The structure of the distribution of waste arising from stone processing processes is given. The analysis of the relevance of the problems of utilization of slurry waste stone processing. Studies were conducted to determine the chemical, mineralogical and phase composition of stone waste. It was found that these wastes belong to gabbro-diabase rocks, which was confirmed by their chemical and mineralogical composition. The main mineral components are plagioclase, pyroxene and minerals of the iron group. The moisture content of the initial pulp and the particle size distribution of dry sludge were determined. Based on the results of establishing the melting temperature and fire resistance of baked sludge samples, the possibility of obtaining architectural and construction products based on dry sludge using ceramic technology (semi-dry pressing and sintering) was established, for which a selection of technological parameters and initial mass compositions was carried out. The promising compositions of ceramic masses with a significant sludge content (up to 60%), as well as the temperature-time regimes of the formation of ceramic materials, which are in the range from 1100 to 1200°C, are determined. The physicomechanical properties for sintered ceramic materials are studied, namely, mechanical strength compression (up to 55 MPa) and wear resistance (up to 0,45%), which corresponds to the properties of clinker ceramic materials. Based on the foregoing, a conclusion was drawn on the prospects of using stone slurry for obtaining ceramic products for architectural and construction purposes.
Desarrollo de una aplicación móvil como asistente para el manejo adecuado de antibióticos
Authors: Serrano Paredes Karina de Lourdes , Pacheco Sarmiento Jenny Alexandra , Mesa Cano Isabel Cristina , Rea Hermida Danilo Fernando
Published: December 2019

Con la creciente tendencia de uso de internet y smartphones, estos se han ido incorporado como elementos cotidianos en nuestras vidas, teniendo una gran gama de utilidades que nos permiten acceder a una extensa cantidad de información en cuestión de segundos. El desarrollo de aplicaciones móviles para el uso en salud, se convierte en estrategias que ayudan acceder a la información en cualquier parte y momento aportando ventajas al desarrollo del conocimiento. En la actualidad, el mercado de las “Apps” de salud tiene un crecimiento constante y dentro de ellas en temas relacionados con la prescripción de medicamentos como es el caso de los antibióticos. Se desarrolló una aplicación para móviles y tabletas en formato para Android y iOS, esta aplicación contiene un cliente web y móvil multiplataforma, en el cual se ingresa los datos de los antibióticos, microorganismos, enfermedades infecciosas y el proceso de emparejamiento de los mismos con los distintos elementos del sistema, para el modelo de desarrollo se utiliza es análisis, diseño, desarrollo, pruebas y soporte de la aplicación, con una arquitectura sólida y reconocida. La construcción de la app permite la estandarización en el uso de antibióticos sin desconocer la experticia del personal de salud, la aplicación permite disponer de información de manera rápida y confiable para la toma de decisiones al momento de prescribir.
Karasal Salyangoz (Helix lucorum L.) Midesinden Elde Edilen Enzim Bileşenleri Kullanılarak Çavdar (Secale spp.) Türlerinde Karyotip Analizi
Authors: ZARİFİ ANAKHATOON Eissa , SHAHMORADI Shakiba , MIRZAPOUR Mohsen
Published: December 2019

Karasal salyangoz (Helix lucorum L.), Helicidae ailesine ait, ormanlarda ve nemli bölgelerde yaşar; yaprak, ağaç kabuğu ve bol miktarda selüloz içeren bitkilerden beslenir. Karasal salyangozun sindirim sistemi, sellülözik materyali sindirebilen özel enzim bileşenlerine sahiptir. Aseto karmin, Aceto orsein, Feulgen ve farklı boyar maddeler kullanılarak yapılan kromozom ve karyotip analizi çalışmalarında, türe ait karakterlere bağlı olarak kromozom boyu, tanen miktarı ve kromozom karşılaştırmalarında sorunlar yaşanmıştır. Kara salyangozu midesinin enzimatik bileşenleri, sitoplazma ve hücre duvarı yumuşaması üzerinde etkili olmuştur. Çalışmada, çavdar (Secale spp.) bitkisine ait iki türde, en iyi ve kolay şekilde kromozomların ayrılması ve dağılması amacıyla bu bileşenler kullanılmıştır. Sitaz ve diğer enzimlerin aktif bir karışımını içeren enzimatik bileşenleri kullanmak amacıyla, karasal salyangozlar İran’ın kuzey batısındaki nemli Arasbaran Ormanları’ndan toplanmış, bileşenler elde edilmiş ve soğuk koşullarda muhafazası sağlanmıştır. İki çavdar türünün (Secale cereale L. ve S. montanum) çimlenmiş tohumlarının kök uçları α-bromonaftalin solüsyonunda ön işleme tabi tutulmuş ve aseto-iron hematoxylin boyar madde ile boyanmıştır. Daha sonra, sitoplazmayı belirginleştirmek, hücre duvarını yumuşatmak ve tatminkar bir kromozom yayılması ve ayrılması elde etmek amacıyla kara salyangozu midesinden elde edilen enzimler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda kara salyangozu midesinin enzimatik bileşenleri kullanılarak, her iki türde kromozomlar açık bir şekilde ayırt edilmiş ve, iyi bir metafaz safhası ve dağılımı gözlemlenmiştir. Kromozomlar bozulmadan kalırken, tüm hücrelerin tamamen ayrılması kolay bir şekilde sağlanmıştır. Çavdar türleri (Secale spp.) 2n=2x=14 kromozoma sahiptir ve diploiddir. Her iki türde de satellit (uydu) kromozom vardır ve satellitler, kromozomların kısa kolları üzerinde bulunmaktadır.
Two-Stage OTA Sizing Optimization Using Bio-Inspired Algorithms
Authors: Fortes Anderson , Da Silva Jr Luiz Antonio , Domanski Robson , Girardi Alessandro
Published: December 2019

The analog part of a mixed-signal integrated circuit represents a great amount of the circuit sizing effort. It is necessary to size each device separately and, in cases with several variables, the design space becomes quite large. The analog integrated circuit sizing can be modeled as an optimization problem and solved by optimization heuristics. In this work, we compare three bio-inspired heuristics to size a two-stage CMOS Miller operational transconductance amplifier: Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Cuckoo Search (CS) and Firefly Algorithm (FA). The goal is to evaluate the applicability of these heuristics for the analog sizing problem and to determine the best configuration of the algorithms parameters for optimizing performance of the generated circuit, mainly power consumption and silicon area. Results show that PSO and CS are more suitable to find optimized solutions, while FA presents less efficient exploration of the design space. Although PSO is faster and generates good solutions, the best overall solution was achieved with CS algorithm.
Study of the photo-adjustability of pn-junctions in photovoltaic mode coupled to photoconductors
Authors: Carvalho André Luiz Costa , Monteiro Davies William de Lima
Published: December 2019

We propose a photo-adjustable arrangement that electrically combines a pn-junction operating in photovoltaic mode to a suitably designed photoconductor in order to keep the output current, voltage, or both, fixed. The characteristic I-V curves of a pn-junction under different light intensities do not intersect each other, resulting in different operational points for a given load. However, the resistivity of the photoconductor also changes with light, and by connecting it in parallel to the photovoltaic cell, and exposing both to the same level of irradiance, it is possible to find a design that alters the I-V curves of the cell in such a way that they will intersect at a chosen point. That could offer an alternative solution for a stable supply to autonomous DC loads. This paper presents an example case for a silicon pn-junction, considering the presence of parasitic components.
A Generic Test Board for the Electrical Characterization of ULP and ULV Fully-Differential Integrated Analog Circuits
Authors: Severo Lucas Compassi , Van Noije Wilhelmus Adrianus Maria
Published: December 2019

The characterization of ultra-low power (ULP) fully-differential/balanced amplifiers and active filters is challenging due to the incompatibility with the classical single-ended (SE) and 50 Ω  impedance equipment. Interface circuits between the device under test (DUT) and the equipment are needed to perform the signal conversion and to work as voltage buffers. In this work, we propose a generic test circuits to be used in the characterization of ULP and ultra-low voltage (ULV) analog circuits. The test board includes balun transformers to the signal conversion, a high input impedance and low capacitance output driver and voltage regulators to provide the target DUT supply voltage. The characterization of the proposed PCB demonstrates a bandwidth of 30 MHz, output driver input impedance of 5 MΩ with 2.5 pF capacitance and low input-referred noise. The proposed circuit was applied to the electrical characterization of two fully-differential ULV and ULP analog integrated circuits.
ASSESSMENT OF EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF INACTIVATED RABIES VACCINES BASED ON “ARRIAH” STRAIN AND FORMULATED WITH DIFFERENT ADJUVANTS IN CATTLE
Authors: Balashov A. N. , Lozovoy D. A. , Borisov A. V. , Mikhalishin D. V. , Doronin M. I.
Published: December 2019

Rabies cases are still reported in various mammal species in the Russian Federation. Wild carnivores contacting with domestic and farm animals and transmitting the pathogen to them are the main source and natural reservoirs of rabies. The highest level of rabies incidence in livestock is observed among cattle. Thus, 158 new outbreaks were reported in the Russian Federation in 2017 where the virus was identifi ed in cattle. Rabies specifi c prophylaxis as well as assessment of its effi cacy based on the level of accumulated antirabies virus neutralizing antibodies currently occupy one of the leading positions in the modern system of veterinary and sanitary measures against rabies. The paper presents the study results confi rming effi cacy and safety of three inactivated rabies vaccines based on the “ARRIAH” strain and intended for rabies prevention in cattle. The adsorbed and two emulsion rabies vaccines, formulated with diff erent adjuvants demonstrated innocuity and safety, and induced post-vaccination immunity in all immunized animals at day 21 post inoculation. The mean titers of anti-rabies antibodies were as follows: for inactivated adsorbed vaccine – 4.02 ± 0.76 IU/cm3; for inactivated emulsion vaccines – 16.30 ± 2.03 and 20.73 ± 3.39 IU/cm3. As compared with the adsorbed vaccine, the emulsion vaccines formulated with Montanide ISA 206 and ISA 70 adjuvants induce stronger immunity.
Características demográficas y exposiciones ambientales previas al diagnóstico de leucemia linfoide aguda en pacientes pediátricos
Authors: Castro-Jiménez Miguel Ángel , Valdelamar-Jiménez Adriana
Published: December 2019

Introducción: La leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA) es la enfermedad maligna más frecuente durante la niñez. Aunque sus causas no son claras, algunos factores demográficos y ambientales podrían estar jugando algún papel en su origen. Objetivo: Identificar los factores demográficos y ambientales a los que estaban expuestos pacientes con LLA pediátrica antes de su diagnóstico. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo basado en el grupo de casos de un estudio de casos y controles dirigido a determinar los factores de riesgo para LLA. Los casos fueron pacientes menores de 15 años diagnosticados con LLA entre enero de 2000 y marzo de 2005 que consultaron a instituciones de Bucaramanga y Bogotá (Colombia). La información detallada de exposiciones demográficas y ambientales de las viviendas fue recolectada por encuestadores entrenados usando entrevistas estructuradas. Ambos progenitores fueron entrevistados. Los valores p de 0.05 o menores fueron significativos. Resultados: En este análisis 99 casos fueron incluidos. La edad media al diagnóstico fue de 6.6 años para niños y 5.7 para niñas. La edad mediana materna fue de 26 años y la paterna de 30. El 67.7% de los pacientes vivían en nivel socioeconómico bajo antes de diagnóstico. Los químicos usados o almacenados más frecuentemente en la vivienda de estos pacientes fueron: petróleo, gasolina, queroseno y diluyente (n=19, 19.2%) e insecticidas (n=18; 18.2%). Conclusiones: Este estudio mostró que los pacientes pudieron estar en contacto cercano con exposiciones potencialmente carcinogénicas previa al diagnóstico. [Miguel Angel Castro-Jiménez MA, Valdelamar-Jiménez A. Características demográficas y exposiciones ambientales previas al diagnóstico de leucemia linfoide aguda en pacientes pediátricos. MedUNAB 2015; 18 (1): 66-70].
Situación demográfica y epidemiológica de los adultos mayores. Santander 1964-2011
Authors: Loaiza-Valencia Ana Luz
Published: December 2019

Introducción: El envejecimiento poblacional ocurre en todo el mundo, como resultado de la disminución de las tasas de fecundidad, natalidad, mortalidad y aumento en la esperanza de vida. Junto con el resultado natural del envejecimiento ocurren circunstancias como el incremento de la carga de enfermedad, representado en padecimientos crónicos, degenerativos y discapacitantes. Objetivo: Describir la situación demográfica y epidemiológica de los adultos mayores del departamento de Santander entre 1964 y 2020, y la información de morbilidad del año 2011. Metodología: Se utilizaron los censos y proyecciones de población, e indicadores demográficos entre 1964 y 2020, defunciones no fetales por lugar de residencia, y Registros individuales de prestación de servicios de salud (RIPS) del año 2011. Se realizó análisis descriptivo con base en las variables sexo, edad, diagnóstico de consulta y causa básica de muerte. Resultados: La población santandereana muestra un constante aumento en su número pero a un ritmo menor que décadas atrás. Las tasas de fecundidad y natalidad han venido en descenso, y se proyecta que la tasa de mortalidad empezará a incrementarse de nuevo, así mismo la esperanza de vida tiene un comportamiento ascendente. En el año 2015 habrá 251,136 personas de 60 y más años, el 44% serán hombres frente al 56% de mujeres. Conclusiones: Las tasas de natalidad y fecundidad se proyectan al descenso. Por el contrario la tasa bruta de mortalidad se incrementó a partir del 2010 y se proyecta que continúe en esta dirección hasta estabilizarse. La esperanza de vida al nacer es mayor para las mujeres que para los hombres, estos datos ratifican el fenómeno de la feminización del envejecimiento. La situación de la morbilidad es de carácter agudo, y crónico y de enfermedades no transmisibles. [Loaiza Valencia AL. Situación demográfica y epidemiológica de los adultos mayores. Santander. 1964 – 2011. MedUNAB 2015; 18 (1):58-65].
Síndrome de Cotard asociado a trastorno depresivo mayor con síntomas catatónicos. Informe de caso
Authors: Torrado-Arenas Daniel Mauricio , Ruiz-Higuera Sandra Milena , Santos-Gutiérrez Kevin Eduardo , Zabala-Arias Laura Milena , Niño-García Jorge Andrés
Published: December 2019

Introducción: La catatonia es un síndrome neuropsiquiátrico con posturas anormales, mutismo y estupor. Tiene una prevalencia en Colombia del 11.4% de pacientes psiquiátricos. Objetivo: Discutir el curso clínico de una mujer de 34 años con antecedente de trastorno depresivo mayor que llega de urgencias con delirios nihilistas y síntomas catatónicos. Presentación del caso: Se reportó el caso de una adulta joven con trastorno depresivo mayor y síntomas psicóticos previamente hospitalizada hace nueve meses, egresó con tratamiento farmacológico que no recordaba. Llegó al servicio de urgencias del Hospital Universitario de Santander por tres días de comportamiento extraño, mutismo y negativismo. Paraclínicos y tomografía de cráneo normales. Se inició tratamiento con una benzodiacepina lográndose remisión de los síntomas catatónicos. Posteriormente refirió anhedonia, tristeza e ideas delirantes nihilistas; se consideró que correspondía a una recidiva del episodio depresivo que inició hace nueve meses ligado a síndrome de Cotard. Se adicionó sertralina con incremento gradual hasta 150.0 mg y olanzapina 5.0 mg lográndose remisión de los síntomas afectivos y psicóticos. Discusión: El trastorno afectivo es la causa más frecuente de catatonia. Existen reportes similares, pero pocos donde coexistan las tres entidades; este es el primer caso reportado en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, con previo consentimiento informado. Conclusiones: Es inusual que un paciente deprimido presente delirios de negación y síntomas catatónicos simultáneamente, por lo cual este reporte es único y genera aporte a la literatura. Los síntomas catatónicos dificultan la exploración de otras esferas mentales y pueden ser secundarios a una condición médica, por lo cual es indispensable descartar organicidad, darles tratamiento oportunamente y así aclarar la psicopatología de base. [Torrado-Arenas DM, Santos-Gutiérrez KE, Ruiz-Higuera SM, Zabala-Arias LM, Niño-García JA. Síndrome de Cotard asociado a Trastorno Depresivo Mayor con síntomas catatónicos. Informe de caso. MedUNAB 2016;18(1): 76-80].