bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Strategy of Management of Mangrove Forests Area as a Sustainable Production Area in Coastal of Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi
Authors: Taufieq Nur Anny Suryaningsih , Arfan Amal , Side Syafruddin , Maru Rosmini , Salsabila Putri Humaira
Published: July 2023

A sustainable production forest is a forest that can produce economically valuable and sustainable products, meaning that these products are used for life today and in the future. Mangrove forests products and services consist of wood and non-timber. Such as wood and aquatic organisms living in it as a source of income and livelihood for the community around the mangrove forest area. The data collection techniques used were adjusted to the required data, including observation, documentation techniques, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions. The number of samples used was 60 people. It was determined using a SWOT analysis to specify the management of mangrove forests strategy as a sustainable production forest area. Furthermore, internal (Internal Factor Analysis Strategic) and external (External Factor Analysis Strategic) factors are calculated. Based on this, the strategy taken is (1) developing the sustainable and economically valuable mangrove forest resources potential through cultivation and fishing that is environmentally friendly, (2) increasing the role of NGOs to increase knowledge and community awareness in mangrove management, (3) developing the potential of mangrove forests as an eco-tourisms area, (4) empowering communities through groups of fishermen/farmers to create a home-scale industry based on mangrove resources.
Mappakalebbi Ale Hanua: Knowledge of Karampuang Indigenous Communities in Forest Conservation Sinjai District South Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Syarif Erman , Maddatuang  , Yusuf Muhammad , Saputro Alief
Published: July 2023

Human knowledge about forest conservation can be realized through the local wisdom of the community. Values and meanings in local wisdom are important for suppressing ecological crises that create imbalances in ecosystems. This study aims to reveal the local wisdom values of the Karampuang indigenous people in conserving forests. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative ethnography with data collection through participatory observation, in-depth interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that the local wisdom in forest conservation owned by the Karampuang indigenous people in the Bugis tribe has been embodied in their concept of: Mapakalebbi ale hanua (respect for the forest). The practice of mapakalebbi ale hanua such as; Mappatau ale (humanizing the forest), De’namakkasolang ale (not destroying the forest), Tuo kamase mase (simple life). The existence of the Mapakalebbi ale hanua concept is interpreted by the community to be quite effective in keeping the forest sustainable.
Macrozoobenthos Diversity on Mangkoso Beach in Barru Regency
Authors: Kaseng Ernawati Syahruddin , Suhaeb Firdaus W.
Published: July 2023

Research on the diversity of Macrozoobenthos on the coast of Mangkoso village, Barru Sub-district in Barru district. The purpose of this research is to determine the diversity of Macrozoobentos. This research uses the purposive sampling method in determining the location of research stations and plot making using the line Transect method. The research station consists of three stations, i.e., Station 1, Station 2, and Station 3. The results of the study found 20 species of Macrozoobentos consisting of 13 species from Klas Gastropoda, from Classis Bivalvia 5 species, Polychaeta 1 species and Crustacea 1 species to a total of 20 species (Fillum Mollusca), Cerithium dialeum species, Cerithium sp, Clithon faba, Clithon oualaniense, Clithon sp, Hebra corticata, Hebra sp, Littorina sp, Nassarius bimacularus, Nerita sp, Smaragdia rangiana, Tornatina coarctata, and Vitta sp. Class Bivalvia consists of Anadara sp, Epicodakia sp, Spondylus sp, Tellina mariae, and Tellina sp. While Class Polychaeta, each one species is Naineris and Uca sp. The composition of the species, the population density, the negation, and uniformity of the community macrozoobenthos that the Station 2 is higher than Stations 1 and 3. It is seen on the results of the diversity index (H′) of Macrozoobentos at Station 1 (0.92) and Station 2 (2.55). All three stations indicate that low diversity and environmental quality conditions are in a half-polluted state. The seawater’s quality around the coastal Mangkoso village, Barru District, needs the local government’s attention to reduce environmental pollution.
GSM-based LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) Leakage Detection and Alert System
Authors: Abdullah Wildan , Ramadhani Uri Arta , Saputra Efa Maydhona
Published: July 2023

LPG (Liquified Petroleum Gas) is widely used by the nation. However, in reality, LPG sometimes may endanger users if there is a leak either in the cylinder or gas hose. It is caused by the fact that LPG is a flammable gas when in free air and can cause explosions. To overcome this jeopardy, we need a system device that can detect LPG leaks and provide early warnings to users when LPG leaks occur. This work’s detection system will classify LPG leakage conditions based on PPM (part per million) values determined by the MQ-6 sensor. These conditions are divided into three states, namely, safe, alert, and danger level. The tool is designed to have the main feature of providing hazard warnings through cellular calls and SMS (Short Message Service) to the user’s mobile phone when an LPG leak occurs in a hazardous condition. Besides the main features, other features can inform the remaining LPG gas in the cylinder, check the GSM sim card’s credit balance, and automatically turn on the fan when an LPG leak occurs. The device’s testing shows that the system successfully sent an SMS and called the user when a leak occurred in danger status. Also, the device managed to turn on the fan automatically and emit an alarm.
Unipotent representations and microlocalization
Authors: Mason-Brown Lucas
Published: July 2023

We develop a theory of microlocalization for Harish-Chandra modules, adapting a construction of Losev [Duke Math. J. 159 (2011), pp. 99–143]. We explore the applications of this theory to unipotent representations of real reductive groups. For a unipotent representation of a complex group, we deduce a formula for the restriction to a maximal compact subgroup, proving an old conjecture of Vogan [Associated varieities and unipotent representations, Birkhäuser Boston, Boston, MA, 1991] in a large family of cases.
Development and Validation of an Abridged Physical Frailty Phenotype for Clinical Use: A Cohort Study Among Kidney Transplant Candidates
Authors: Chen Xiaomeng , Chu Nadia M , Thompson Valerie , Quint Evelien E , Alasfar Sami , Xue Qian-Li , Brennan Daniel C , Norman Silas P , Lonze Bonnie E , Walston Jeremy D , Segev Dorry L , McAdams-DeMarco Mara A
Published: July 2023

Background

Frailty is associated with poor outcomes in surgical patients including kidney transplant (KT) recipients. Transplant centers that measure frailty have better pre- and postoperative outcomes. However, clinical utility of existing tools is low due to time constraints. To address this major barrier to implementation in the preoperative evaluation of patients, we developed an abridged frailty phenotype.

Methods

The abridged frailty phenotype was developed by simplifying the 5 physical frailty phenotype (PFP) components in a two-center prospective cohort of 3 220 KT candidates and tested for efficiency (time to completion) in 20 candidates evaluation (January 2009 to March 2020). We examined area under curve (AUC) and Cohen’s kappa agreement to compare the abridged assessment with the PFP. We compared waitlist mortality risk (competing risks models) by frailty using the PFP and abridged assessment, respectively. Model discrimination was assessed using Harrell’s C-statistic.

Results

Of 3 220 candidates, the PFP and abridged assessment identified 23.8% and 27.4% candidates as frail, respectively. The abridged frailty phenotype had substantial agreement (kappa = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.66–0.71) and excellent discrimination (AUC = 0.861). Among 20 patients at evaluation, abridged assessment took 5–7 minutes to complete. The PFP and abridged assessment had similar associations with waitlist mortality (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.26–2.08 vs SHR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.33–2.16) and comparable mortality discrimination (p = .51).

Conclusions

The abridged assessment is an efficient and valid way to identify frailty. It predicts waitlist mortality without sacrificing discrimination. Surgical departments should consider utilizing the abridged assessment to evaluate frailty in patients when time is limited.
The Book in the Vaiṣṇava Ācāryas’ Hands
Authors: Loewy Shacham Ilanit
Published: July 2023

This paper focuses on images of human Vaiṣṇava figures holding ‎a book in their hands, and the history and ‎significance of this iconographic detail. The paper argues that in Vaiṣṇava South India, the book as an iconographic marker of human figures is a fairly recent development, though its roots can be situated in the period of the Vijayanagara Empire. The paper also demonstrates that while the book itself may appear as a stable iconographic marker, the meanings attached to it for different figures is not, thereby problematising the notion of iconographic code.
Exact and rapid linear clustering of networks with dynamic programming
Authors: Patania Alice , Allard Antoine , Young Jean-Gabriel
Published: July 2023

We study the problem of clustering networks whose nodes have imputed or physical positions in a single dimension, for example prestige hierarchies or the similarity dimension of hyperbolic embeddings. Existing algorithms, such as the critical gap method and other greedy strategies, only offer approximate solutions to this problem. Here, we introduce a dynamic programming approach that returns provably optimal solutions in polynomial time—O(n2)steps—for a broad class of clustering objectives. We demonstrate the algorithm through applications to synthetic and empirical networks, and show that it outperforms existing heuristics by a significant margin, with a similar execution time.
The reliability of regional ecological knowledge to build local interaction networks: a test using seed-dispersal networks across land-bridge islands
Authors: Zhu Chen , Li Wande , Campos-Arceiz Ahimsa , Dalsgaard Bo , Ren Peng , Wang Duorun , Zhang Xue , Sun Minghao , Si Qi , Kang Yi , Ding Ping , Si Xingfeng
Published: July 2023

Building ecological networks is the fundamental basis of depicting how species in communities interact, but sampling complex interaction networks is extremely labour intensive. Recently, indirect ecological information has been applied to build interaction networks. Here we propose to extend the source of indirect ecological information, and applied regional ecological knowledge to build local interaction networks. Using a high-resolution dataset consisting of 22 locally observed networks with 17 572 seed-dispersal events, we test the reliability of indirectly derived local networks based on regional ecological knowledge (REK) across islands. We found that species richness strongly influenced ‘local interaction rewiring’ (i.e. the proportion of locally observed interactions among regionally interacting species), and all network properties were biased using REK-based networks. Notably, species richness and local interaction rewiring strongly affected estimations of REK-based network structures. However, locally observed and REK-based networks detected the same trends of how network structure correlates to island area and isolation. These results suggest that we should use REK-based networks cautiously for reflecting actual interaction patterns of local networks, but highlight that REK-based networks have great potential for comparative studies across environmental gradients. The use of indirect regional ecological information may thus advance our understanding of biogeographical patterns of species interactions.
T2T-YAO: a Telomere-to-telomere Assembled Diploid Reference Genome for Han Chinese
Authors: He Yukun , Chu Yanan , Guo Shuming , Hu Jiang , Li Ran , Zheng Yali , Ma Xinqian , Du Zhenglin , Zhao Lili , Yu Wenyi , Xue Jianbo , Bian Wenjie , Yang Feifei , Chen Xi , Zhang Pingan , Wu Rihan , Ma Yifan , Shao Changjun , Chen Jing , Wang Jian , Li Jiwei , Wu Jing , Hu Xiaoyi , Long Qiuyue , Jiang Mingzheng , Ye Hongli , Song Shixu , Li Guangyao , We Yue , Xu Yu , Ma Yanliang , Chen Yanwen , Wang Keqiang , Bao Jing , Xi Wen , Wang Fang , Ni Wentao , Zhang Moqin , Yu Yan , Li Shengnan , Kang Yu , Gao Zhancheng
Published: July 2023

Since its initial release in 2001, the human reference genome has been continuously improved in both continuity and accuracy, and the recently-released telomere-to-telomere version—T2T-CHM13—reaches its top quality after 20 years of effort. However, T2T-CHM13 does not represent an authentic diploid human genome, but rather one derived from a simplified, nearly homozygous genome of a hydatidiform mole cell line. To address this limitation and provide an alternative pertinent to the Chinese population, the largest ethnic group in the world, we have assembled a complete diploid human genome of a male Han Chinese, T2T-YAO, which includes telomere-to-telomere assemblies for all the 22+X+M and 22+Y chromosomes in his two haploids inherited separately from his parents. Both haplotypes contain no artificial sequences or model nucleotides and possess a high quality comparable to CHM13, with fewer than one error per ∼14 Mb. Derived from the individual who lives in the aboriginal region of Han Chinese, T2T-YAO shows clear ancestry and potential genetic continuity from the ancient ancestors of the Han population. Each haplotype of T2T-YAO possesses ∼340 Mb exclusive sequences and ∼3100 unique genes as compared to CHM13, and their genome sequences show greater genetic distance to CHM13 than to each other in terms of nucleotide polymorphism and structural variations. The construction of T2T-YAO would serve as a high-quality diploid reference that enables precise delineation of genomic variations in a haplotype-sensitive manner, which could advance our understandings in human evolution, hereditability of diseases and phenotypes, especially within the context of the unique variations of the Chinese population.
Exogenous Methylglyoxal Improves Maize Yield by Alleviating Plant Diabetes and leaf senescence under Drought
Authors: Lin Yi-Hsuan , Zhou Ya-Ning , Jin Yu-ka , Xiao Zu-Dong , Zhang Ying-Jun , Huang Cheng , Hong Bo , Chen Zhen-Yuan , Shen Si , Zhou Shun-Li
Published: July 2023

Drought-induced leaf senescence is related to high sugar levels in leaves, photosynthesis inhibition, and ultimate yield loss. This physiological phenomenon in leaves bears resemblance to the symptom of diabetes in human disease. However, the underlying mechanisms of plant diabetes on carbon imbalance in maize leaf and corresponding detoxification strategy have not been well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that foliar application of exogenous methylglyoxal (MG) delayed leaf senescence and promoted photoassimilation, retrieved 14% yield loss induced by drought stress during grain filling stage. Transcriptome and metabolite analysis revealed that drought increased sugar accumulation in leaf with inhibition of sugar transporters facilitating phloem loading. This further lead to disequilibrium of glycolysis and over-accumulation of endogenous MG. Contrarily, exogenous MG significantly upregulated glycolytic flux and glyoxalase system catabolizing endogenous MG and advanced glycation end products toxicity, ultimately alleviating plant diabetes. Besides, the genes facilitating anabolism and catabolism of trehalose- 6-phosphate were promoted and suppressed by drought, respectively, whereas exogenous MG reversed the effect. Moreover, exogenous MG activated phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway, likely promoting cell structural integrity. Collectively, these results suggest that exogenous MG alleviates the toxic effect from drought-induced sugar accumulation and activates the defense-related pathway, thereby maintaining leaf function and yield production.

Highlight

Exogenous methylglyoxal stimulates glycolytic flux and glyoxalase system, providing a potential insight to alleviate plant diabetes under drought condition.
A prospective case series assessing the Imperial College London intraoperative radiotherapy protocol for advanced rectal cancer: an IDEAL phase 2a study
Authors: Murphy Jamie , Donato‐Brown Daniella , Efeotor Ouvefe , Gilfillan Nicholas , Moutadjer Anne , Sahid Saidah , Basak Dolan , Perry Kitrick
Published: July 2023

Aim

Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) decreases local recurrence rates for advanced rectal cancer. Nevertheless, utilization of IORT is limited due to the associated logistical and financial challenges. The aim of this study is to describe the development and delivery of a novel IORT protocol for advanced rectal cancer that overcomes these difficulties in the context of the early phase of an IDEAL 2a study. The primary outcome measure was the ability to deliver IORT using this novel protocol with IORT‐related toxicity as the secondary outcome measure.

Method

Consecutive patients with advanced rectal cancer expected to have involved (R1) resection margins were enrolled. After resection, 12 Gy low‐energy photon IORT was delivered using the Axxent device with a custom‐designed elliptical spherical balloon applicator.

Results

Six patients with a median age of 47 years (range 33–88 years; five women) were enrolled between 2018 and 2019. The indication was advanced cancer in four patients and atypical invasive pelvic side wall lymph nodes in two. IORT was successfully delivered in all cases. No toxicity was encountered. Three advanced cancer patients had R1 resection and one had complete resection (R0); resection margin status could not be established for the two lymph node cases. Five patients were alive at 3.4 (2.9–4.1) year follow‐up. None of the R1 cases recurred.

Conclusion

This is the first study to describe a novel IORT protocol using low‐energy photon IORT for advanced rectal cancer. IORT could be delivered in all cases and no IORT‐related toxicity was encountered. Available oncological outcome data are encouraging, but further studies will be necessary to determine the oncological effectiveness of this protocol.
An Approach for Fast-Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries State of Health Prediction Based on Model-Data Fusion
Authors: Feng Hailin , Liu Yatian
Published: July 2023

Fast charging has become the norm for various electronic products. The research on the state of health prediction of fast-charging lithium-ion batteries deserves more attention. In this paper, a model-data fusion state of health prediction method which can reflect the degradation mechanism of fast-charging battery is proposed. First, based on the Arrhenius model, the log-power function (LP) model and log-linear (LL) model related to the fast-charging rate are established. Second, combined with Gaussian process regression prediction, a particle filter is used to update the parameters of models in real-time. Compared with the single Gaussian process regression, the average root-mean-square error of LP and LL is reduced by 71.56% and 69.11%, respectively. Finally, the sensitivity and superiority of the two models are analyzed by using Sobol method, Akaike and Bayesian information criterion. The results show that the two models are more suitable for fast-charging lithium batteries than the traditional Arrhenius model, and LP model is better than LL model.
Non-targeted multimodal metabolomics data from ovine rumen fluid fractions
Authors: Palevich Nikola , Maclean Paul H. , Cao Mingshu
Published: July 2023

From an animal health perspective, our understanding of the metabolites in rumen fluid across different host species is poorly understood. Here, we present a metabolomic data set generated using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and semi-polar (C18) chromatography methods coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry of fractionated ovine rumen samples.
Rare case of corneal keloid following radial keratotomy for myopia
Authors: Gupta Noopur , Khan Tanveer Alam , Jhajharia Hemant , Kashyap Seema
Published: July 2023

An adult male in his 50s presented with complaints of glare and gradual, painless, progressive diminution of vision in the right eye (RE). Visual acuity in RE was noted to be 2/60, and slit lamp biomicroscopy revealed a pearly grey-white elevated corneal opacity measuring 4 mm × 3 mm, obscuring the visual axis. There was no history of ocular trauma or infection. The patient had undergone bilateral radial keratotomy for myopia correction 25 years ago. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography imaging demonstrated increased corneal thickness of 1080 µm at the site of lesion and the height of the epicorneal mass was noted to be 493 µm. The patient underwent fibrin glue-aided anterior lamellar keratoplasty. Histopathological examination of the excised host tissue confirmed the diagnosis of corneal keloid.
Hypercalcaemia in a patient with tuberculous lymphadenitis
Authors: Kulkarni Manjunath , Bhat Archana , Toolahally Umashankar , Kumar Modupalli Uday
Published: July 2023

This case report presents the clinical details, investigations, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of a male patient in his 50s who presented with weight loss and fatigue. On evaluation, he had axillary lymphadenopathy, along with hypercalcaemia and elevated serum creatinine levels. The patient was diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis based on lymph node biopsy and positive tuberculosis (TB)-PCR results. Treatment involved hydration, salmon calcitonin and zoledronic acid, leading to symptomatic improvement. This case highlights the rarity of hypercalcaemia and renal dysfunction in TB and underscores the importance of considering this entity in the differential diagnosis.
Estimating the economic burden of long-Covid: the additive cost of healthcare utilisation among COVID-19 recoverees in Israel
Authors: Wolff Sagy Yael , Feldhamer Ilan , Brammli-Greenberg Shuli , Lavie Gil
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Postacute sequelae resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infections (LONG-COVID) have been reported. The resulting added economic burden from the perspective of healthcare organisations is not clear. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the additive healthcare costs among COVID-19 recoverees, in a large community-dwelling general population, as incurred by an insurer-provider organisation over time.

Methods

In this historical cohort study, cost data from Clalit Health Services (CHS) were analysed. The primary endpoint was the direct cost incurred by CHS per month per person. Costs were measured for COVID-19 recoverees and matched controls, from January 2019 to January 2022. Difference in differences (DiDs) were calculated as the difference in mean monthly costs in cases and controls in the post-COVID-19 individual period, deducing their cost difference in a prepandemic 12 months baseline period.

Results

Among N=642 868 community-dwelling COVID-19 recoverees, 268 948 (40.8%) were 0–19 years old and 63 051 (9.6%) were 60 years or older. A total of 16 017 (2.5%) of recoverees had been hospitalised during the acute phase of the COVID-19 disease. Costs in cases and controls converged after 16 months from recovery. The mean monthly cost incurred by CHS per COVID-19 recoverees over up to 15 months (mean: 8.25) of post-COVID-19 follow-up was higher by 8.2% (US$8.2) compared with matched controls. The excess cost attributable to post-COVID-19 effects (DID) was 7.6% of the cost in controls (US$7.7 per patient per month). Both net and relative DIDs were substantially higher in patients who required hospitalisation during the acute phase of COVID-19 and in older adults. Excess in hospitalisations, primary care physicians and medical specialists’ visits-related costs were observed.

Conclusions

Long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections translate into excess healthcare costs, months after recovery, hence requiring adjustments of funds allocation. These excess costs gradually diminish after recoveree, returning to baseline differences 16 months after recoveree.
Symptoms of eating disorders and low energy availability in recreational active female runners
Authors: Karlsson Elin , Alricsson Marie , Melin Anna
Published: July 2023

Objectives

This retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to investigate symptoms of eating disorders (EDs) and low energy availability (LEA) among recreational female runners.

Methods

Females (18–39 years) (n=89) participating in running group sessions organised by running clubs and companies were recruited via social media and completed an anonymous online survey compromising the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q). An EDE-Q global score ≥2.3 and a LEAF-Q total score ≥8 (in combination with an injury score≥2 and/or menstruation dysfunction score≥4) were used to categorise subjects as having symptoms of EDs and LEA, respectively.

Results

Among the subjects fulfilling the age criteria (n=85), 18% (n=15) had symptoms of EDs and 19% (n=16) had symptoms of LEA. Of those with symptoms of EDs, 13% (n=2) had concomitant symptoms of LEA. The higher the EDE-Q dietary restraint score, the higher the gastrointestinal problem score (r=0.23, p=0.04), otherwise no other associations were found between EDE-Q global or subscale scores and LEAF-Q scores.

Conclusion

Our results indicate that symptoms of EDs and LEA are frequent among adult females at all athletic levels, including the recreational level. Hence, to prevent the negative health consequences of EDs and LEA, preventative initiatives are also needed in recreational running communities.
Determinants of Knowledge Sharing Intentions among Academics: Evidence from an Emerging Economy
Authors: Gautam Vikas
Published: July 2023

This study investigated the critical factors that support knowledge sharing intentions among marketing and management academicians in higher educational institutions. Additionally, it examined the influence of psychological empowerment on knowledge sharing intentions and underlying processes of transmission via mediating roles of organisational commitment. Empirical results from 263 surveyed academicians show that transformational leadership had a very strong influence on organisational climate in an integral model of knowledge sharing intentions. Furthermore, organisational climate had a positive relationship with psychological empowerment which subsequently influence academics’ knowledge sharing intentions. This study’s results suggest that transformational leaders must be aware of the prominence of both psychological empowerment and organisational commitment in order to augment knowledge sharing internally and externally.
Welcome to AI Matters 9(1)
Authors: Yao Ziyu , Karpatne Anuj
Published: July 2023

Welcome to the first issue of AI Matters Newsletter in 2023. In this issue, Louise A. Dennis will summarize the achievement of recent conference sponsored or run in cooperation with ACM SIGAI. Dilini Samarasinghe's report will then highlight upcoming events relevant to the readers of AI Matters.
Events
Authors: Samarasinghe Dilini
Published: July 2023

This section features information about upcoming events relevant to the readers of AI Matters, including those supported by SIGAI. We would love to hear from you if you are are organizing an event and would be interested in cooperating with SIGAI.For more information about conference support visit sigai.acm.org/activities/requesting_sponsorship.html.
Data from Impact of Frontline Ivosidenib on Volumetric Growth Patterns in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant Astrocytic and Oligodendroglial Tumors
Authors: Kamson David Olayinka. , Puri Sushant , Sang Yingying , Shi Meihui Jessica. , Blair Lindsay , Blakeley Jaishri O. , Laterra John
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas are usually treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which increases the risk for neurocognitive sequelae during patients’ most productive years. We report our experience using off-label first-inclass IDH1mut-inhibitor ivosidenib and its impact on tumor volume in IDHmut gliomas. Experimental Design: We retrospectively analyzed patients aged ≥18 years with radiation/chemotherapy-naïve, IDH1mut, non-enhancing, radiographically active, grade 2/3 gliomas, and ≥2 pretreatment and ≥2 on-ivosidenib MRIs. T2/FLAIR-based tumor volumes, growth rates and PFS were analyzed. Log-linear mixed-effect modeling of growth curves adjusted for grade, histology and age was performed. Results: We analyzed 116 MRIs of 12 patients (median age 46years [range:26-60]) 10 males, 8 astrocytomas (50% grade 3), 4 grade 2 oligodendrogliomas. Median on-drug follow-up was 13.2 months (interquartile range[IQR]:9.7-22.2). Tolerability was 100%. 50% of patients experienced ≥20% tumor volume reduction on treatment and absolute growth-rate was lower during treatment (-1.2±10.6cc/year) than before treatment (8.0±7.7cc/year; p≤0.05). Log-linear models in the Stable group (n=9) showed significant growth before treatment (53%/year; p=0.013), and volume reduction (- 34%/year; p=0.037) after 5-months on treatment. After-treatment volume curves were significantly lower than before treatment (after/before treatment ratio 0.5; p<0.01). Median-time-to-Best Response was 11.2(IQR:1.7-33.4) months, and 16.8(IQR:2.6-33.5) months in patients on drug for ≥1 year. PFS-9mo was 75%. Conclusions: Ivosidenib was well-tolerated and induced a high volumetric response rate. Responders had significant reduction in tumor growth rates and volume reductions observed after a 5-month delay. Thus, ivosidenib appears useful to control tumor growth and delay more toxic therapies in IDH-mutant non-enhancing indolently growing gliomas.
The interaction between random and systematic visual stimulation and
infraslow quasi-periodic spatiotemporal patterns of whole-brain
activity
Authors: Xu Nan , Smith Derek M. , Jeno George , Seeburger Dolly T. , Schumacher Eric H. , Keilholz Shella D.
Published: July 2023

One prominent feature of the infraslow blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal during rest or task is quasi-periodic spatiotemporal pattern (QPP) of signal changes that involves an alternation of activity in key functional networks and propagation of activity across brain areas, and that is known to tie to the infraslow neural activity involved in attention and arousal fluctuations. This ongoing whole-brain pattern of activity might potentially modify the response to incoming stimuli or be modified itself by the induced neural activity. To investigate this, we presented checkerboard sequences flashing at 6 Hz to subjects. This is a salient visual stimulus that is known to produce a strong response in visual processing regions. Two different visual stimulation sequences were employed, a systematic stimulation sequence in which the visual stimulus appeared every 20.3 s and a random stimulation sequence in which the visual stimulus occurred randomly every 14~62.3 s. Three central observations emerged. First, the two different stimulation conditions affect the QPP waveform in different aspects; i.e., systematic stimulation has greater effects on its phase and random stimulation has greater effects on its magnitude. Second, the QPP was more frequent in the systematic condition with significantly shorter intervals between consecutive QPPs compared to the random condition. Third, the BOLD signal response to the visual stimulus across both conditions was swamped by the QPP at the stimulus onset. These results provide novel insights into the relationship between intrinsic patterns and stimulated brain activity.
Shifting the Paradigm: Cultivating Socially Responsible Atmospheric Scientists through Leadership and Action
Authors: Burt Melissa A. , Fischer Emily V. , Rasmussen Kristen L. , Crosley Beem Katie
Published: July 2023

The geosciences have the lowest racial and ethnic diversity of all STEM fields at all levels of higher education, and atmospheric science is emblematic of this discrepancy. Despite a growing awareness of the problem, Black, Indigenous, people of color, persons with disabilities, women, and LGBTQIA+ persons continue to be largely absent in academic programs and in the geoscience workforce. There is a desire and need for new approaches, new entry points, and higher levels of engagement to foster a diverse community of researchers, scholars, and practitioners in atmospheric science. One challenge among many is that diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts are often siloed from many aspects of the scientific process, technical training, and scientific community. We have worked toward bridging this gap through the development of a new atmospheric science course designed to break down traditional barriers for entry into diversity, equity, and inclusion engagement by graduate students, so they emerge better prepared to address issues of participation, representation, and inclusion. This article provides an overview of our new course, focused on social responsibility in atmospheric science. This course was piloted during Fall 2021 with the primary objective to educate and empower graduate students to be “diversity champions” in our field. We describe 1) the rationale for a course of this nature within a graduate program, 2) course design and content, 3) service-learning projects, 4) impact of the course on students, and 5) scalability to other atmospheric science graduate programs.
Pioneer Arabidopsis thaliana spans the succession gradient revealing a diverse root-associated microbiome
Authors: Hesen Vera , Boele Yvet , Bakx-Schotman Tanja , van Beersum Femke , Raaijmakers Ciska , Scheres Ben , Willemsen Viola , van der Putten Wim H.
Published: July 2023

Background

Soil microbiomes are increasingly acknowledged to affect plant functioning. Research in molecular model species Arabidopsis thaliana has given detailed insights of such plant-microbiome interactions. However, the circumstances under which natural A. thaliana plants have been studied so far might represent only a subset of A. thaliana’s full ecological context and potential biotic diversity of its root-associated microbiome.

Results

We collected A. thaliana root-associated soils from a secondary succession gradient covering 40 years of land abandonment. All field sites were situated on the same parent soil material and in the same climatic region. By sequencing the bacterial and fungal communities and soil abiotic analysis we discovered differences in both the biotic and abiotic composition of the root-associated soil of A. thaliana and these differences are in accordance with the successional class of the field sites. As the studied sites all have been under (former) agricultural use, and a climatic cline is absent, we were able to reveal a more complete variety of ecological contexts A. thaliana can appear and sustain in.

Conclusions

Our findings lead to the conclusion that although A. thaliana is considered a pioneer plant species and previously almost exclusively studied in early succession and disturbed sites, plants can successfully establish in soils which have experienced years of ecological development. Thereby, A. thaliana can be exposed to a much wider variation in soil ecological context than is currently presumed. This knowledge opens up new opportunities to enhance our understanding of causal plant-microbiome interactions as A. thaliana cannot only grow in contrasting soil biotic and abiotic conditions along a latitudinal gradient, but also when those conditions vary along a secondary succession gradient. Future research could give insights in important plant factors to grow in more ecologically complex later-secondary succession soils, which is an impending direction of our current agricultural systems.
Box–Behnken design-assisted optimization of RP-HPLC method for the estimation of evogliptin tartrate by analytical quality by design
Authors: Patel Khushbu , Shah Ujashkumar A. , Patel C. N.
Published: July 2023

Background

A quality by design approach can potentially lead to a more robust/rugged method development due to emphasis on the risk assessment and management. By carefully understanding the step-by-step procedure for analytical QbD-based optimization parameters, such as analytical target profile and critical quality attributes (CQAs), was assessed. The present study describes the simple, rapid, sensitive and cost-effective RP-HPLC method development and validation for the estimation of evogliptin tartrate in pharmaceutical dosage form.

Results

The factor screening studies were performed using Box–Behnken design by three key components of the RP-HPLC method (mobile phase, pH and flow rate). The chromatographic conditions were optimized with the Design Expert software trial version 13.0. The optimal chromatographic separation was achieved having water C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μ) and using mobile phase as a methanol and phosphate buffer (pH 4.5) 60:40% v/v with a flow rate 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 267 nm. The Box–Behnken experimental design describes the interrelationship of mobile phase, pH and flow rate at three different levels, and responses of retention time and tailing factor were observed with response surface plot and statistical data. The developed method was validated as per recommended ICH guidelines which revealed the high degree of linear, precise, accurate, sensitive and robust method over the existing RP-HPLC method for evogliptin tartrate.

Conclusion

The developed QbD-based method helped in generating a design space and operating space with knowledge of all method performance characteristics, and RP-HPLC method takes less time and can be used in the industry for routine quality control of bulk and marketed formulation of evogliptin tartrate.
Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing: part 3 – applications in physical health conditions
Authors: Udo Itoro , Javinsky Tori-Rose , McDaniel Carol
Published: July 2023

Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) is a psychological therapy that addresses trauma, stress and emotional distress. It has been successfully used in the management of various psychiatric disorders. This article shows that it may also be safely used to manage the psychological distress arising from a variety of physical health conditions and in so doing, reduce the illness burden from conditions such as various cancers, traumatic childbirth, tokophobia, pre-eclampsia, myocardial infarction, haemodialysis in end-stage renal disease, and acute postoperative pain. It can be a stand-alone treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum and tinnitus. The article examines the rationale and evidence for its use in these conditions and suggests areas where more research is needed. Adding EMDR therapy to the range of available interventions in general hospitals has the potential to improve the health and well-being of patients in these settings.
Why should we restrain the availability of paracetamol - an analysis of acetaminophen intoxication in adolescents
Authors: Sosnowska Weronika , Brzozowska Aleksandra , Tchórz Michał , Taracha Kalina , Tkaczyk Rafał , Tomczyk Jakub , Tomkiewicz Maciej , Środoń Maria , Świątek Gabriela
Published: July 2023

Introduction and aim: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a commonly used analgesics and antipyretics and it is a nonprescription medicine. Improper use of it may lead to accidental or intentional poisoning. The aim of the study was to analyse paracetamol poisonings in children and adolescents admitted to the Clinical Department of Toxicology and Cardiology in Stefan Wyszyński Regional Specialist Hospital in Lublin in 2022. Material and methods: The research was retrospective. Medical records of poisoning cases in patients up to the age of 18 were analysed specifically emphasizing acetaminophen poisonings.Results: In the studied period 120 adolescents were hospitalized due to intoxication, 65 of them due to medications intake, the most commonly used medicine was acetaminophen. There were 20 cases of hospitalization because of acetaminophen intake, 17 (85%) patients were female and 3 (15%) of them were male. Patients were from 15 to 17 years old. In 12 cases (60%) patients came from urban areas. The intentional intoxications were found in 18 (90%) cases, 13 of them were suicide attempt. Majority of cases of attempted suicide were female (92%). The other intoxications were accidental, where patients took acetaminophen as a painkiller. In the researched group there were no deaths.Conclusions: Paracetamol overdosing is always associated with the risk of liver damage.This medicament as a potentially hepatotoxic drug should not be sold over the counter. The availability of paracetamol is too widespread, which poses a risk especially to children and adolescents. The ubiquitous advertising of acetaminophen products as well as their popular use, for example, in menstrual pain, favor their presence in almost every Polish home. Parents and guardians should be educated about the dangers of uncontrolled use of so-called OTC drugs - incorrectly commonly considered safe.
Study of women's knowledge of the role of androgens and their excess in women - research article
Authors: Ćwik-Błotnicka Dominika , Nitka Karolina
Published: July 2023

Introduction: excess androgens is one of the most common endocrine disorder in women. The ovaries and/or adrenal glands are responsible for the excess of androgens. The most common cause is polycystic ovary syndrome.

The aim of the study: was to show the level of knowledge of the women surveyed about the role of androgens and to find out the degree of their awareness of androgen excess in women. Last but not least, it was important to find out which symptoms the respondents think are characteristic of androgen excess in women, whether they know the concept of hirsutism and what androgenetic alopecia looks like.

Material and method: wykorzystano ankietę własnego autorstwa. Przebadano 172 kobiety. Dokonano porównania odpowiedzi na pytania pomiędzy podgrupami. Oparto się na aktualnej literaturze medycznej oraz artykułach oryginalnych i badawczych znalezionych w PubMed.

Results: slightly more than half of those surveyed know that testosterone is produced by the ovaries and adrenal cortex. Only 35.5% of the women surveyed can name other hormones belonging to the androgens besides testosterone. 60.7% of women know the characteristic symptoms of hyperandrogenism. 51.7% know the term hirsutism and 32% correctly identify the most common cause.

Conclusions: given the prevalence of endocrine disorders in women, it is important to expand and disseminate information on the symptoms and causes of androgen excess in women, especially among women without medical education.
Sensory evaluation of selected plant-based milks and drinks
Authors: Szaniawska Julia , Rybacka Julia , Stoń Wiktoria
Published: July 2023

Introduction and purpose of work: Milk is a product that accompanies man from the first days of life. Due to the richness of minerals and vitamins, milk and dairy products should be introduced into the diet, as they have many health-promoting properties. In addition to traditional cow's milk, lactose-free milk and vegetable milk substitutes are available on the food market. The aim of the study was the sensory evaluation of selected milks and plant-based drinks available on the Polish market.
Material and methods: The research material consisted of 7 types of milk, including 2 cow's milk and 5 plant milks of one of the brands available on the Polish market. 51 students of clinical dietetics (21 first-cycle students and 30 second-cycle students) joined the study. The taste of the products was assessed using a proprietary sensory evaluation card. A 5-point scale was adopted as the evaluation value. In addition, the ability to identify the type of milk through the sense of taste was tested.
Results: Milk and vegetable drinks, according to the respondents, differed significantly due to sensory assessment. The milk samples that received the highest number of points contained the vegetable rice drink and lactose-free cow's milk (sample "B" and "F"). In contrast, the plant-based almond drink (sample "D") was rated the worst in taste. The greatest difficulty in identification occurred in the case of samples with code B and D (rice vegetable drink and almond vegetable drink).
Conclusions: The almond plant drink was chosen as the least tasty by the vast majority of the respondents. On the other hand, the coconut vegetable drink had the best taste. Second-cycle students were more likely to identify samples correctly.
Molecular studies of coralberry (Ardisia crenata Sims; Primulaceae) from Thailand based on SCoT markers
Authors: SUPARMAN SUPARMAN , PORNPONGRUNGRUENG PIMWADEE , CHANTARANOTHAI PRANOM
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Suparman S, Pornpongrungrueng P, Chantaranothai P. 2023. Molecular studies of coralberry (Ardisia crenata Sims; Primulaceae) from Thailand based on SCoT markers. Biodiversitas 24: 3183-3189. A coralberry (Ardisia crenataSims) is the most common species of Ardisia Sw. distributed widely in Thailand. The grouping of the species for intraspecific based on morphometric characters was unstable. Some molecular primers were used by researchers to separate species. In this molecular study, six selected SCoT of 36 primers, i.e., primers no. 13, 14, 15, 19, 20, and 21, displayed high polymorphic and resolving power in A. crenata from 14 different natural populations in Thailand. This marker separated all taxa into two groups from different floristic regions. In contrast, this result did not support the classification of the intraspecific level of A. crenata based on continued morphological characteristics. For the conclusion that this study was recorded as the first one using the SCoT marker on the Ardisiaand the primer worked well in A. crenata and was recommended for other species in Ardisia.
Potential of traditional medicinal plants in the Dayak Tamambaloh Tribe, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: SUPIANDI MARKUS IYUS , JULUNG HENDRIKUS , SUSANTI YUDITA , ZUBAIDAH SITI , MAHANAL SUSRIYATI
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Supiandi MI, Julung H, Susanti Y, Zubaidah S, Mahanal S. 2023. Potential of traditional medicinal plants in the Dayak Tamambaloh Tribe, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3384-3393. The Dayak tribe in West Kalimantan (Indonesia) consists of 151 sub-ethnics, one of which is the Dayak Tamambaloh located in Temau Village, Embaloh Hulu Subdistrict, Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. This tribe uses the forest for various purposes, including plants as traditional medicines, which is a form of local wisdom in the community. However, the local wisdom can be threatened with extinction when it is not preserved properly. Factors contributing to the extinction of local wisdom include the influence of foreign cultures, forest degradation due to shifting cultivation, the existence of oil palm plantations, and forest fires. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the use of plants as traditional medicine with a qualitative descriptive approach. The method used was a survey; data were obtained from the key informants. They are knowledgeable about the uses of plants for traditional medicine. Data on medicinal plants were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, documentation, and were then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that the plants used to treat diseases by the Dayak Tamambaloh tribe were 58 and consisted of 29 families. The most widely used families were Zingiberaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Lamiaceae, Poaceae, and Musaceae, with 10, 4, 4, 4, and 3 species, respectively.