bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A linearized transmission expansion planning model under N − 1 criterion for enhancing grid‐scale system flexibility via compressed air energy storage integration
Authors: Mazaheri Hesam , Moeini‐Aghtaie Moein , Fotuhi‐Firuzabad Mahmud , Dehghanian Payman , Khoshjahan Mohammad
Published: June 2021

The concept of flexibility is defined as the power systems’ ability to effectively respond to changes in power generation and demand profiles to maintain the supply–demand balance. However, the inherent flexibility margins required for successful operation have been recently challenged by the unprecedented arrival of uncertainties, driven by constantly changing demand, failure of conventional units, and the intermittent outputs of renewable energy sources (RES). Tackling these challenges, energy storage systems (ESS) as one important player of the new power grids can enhance the system flexibility. It, therefore, calls for an efficient planning procedure to ensure flexibility margins by considering ESS's role in modern power systems. This paper proposes a novel mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model for transmission expansion planning (TEP) framework taking into account the role of compressed air energy storage (CAES) integration on improvements in system flexibility. The proposed framework is housed with a quantitative metric of grid‐scale system flexibility, while a new offline repetitive mechanism is suggested to account for the N − 1 reliability criterion. The model is applied to different test systems, where the numerical results demonstrate the impacts of CAES units on system flexibility, investment plans, and the total costs.
Modelling and optimization of winding resistance for litz wire inductors
Authors: Geng Shuqin , Chu Menghao , Wang Wensi , Wan Peiyuan , Peng Xiaohong , Lu Hang , Li Pengkun
Published: June 2021

Optimization of winding resistance for litz wire inductors is essential to reduce losses and improve energy transfer efficiency in electrical power systems. In this study, an approximate model for the optimization of winding resistance in litz wire inductors based on Dowell's equation is developed in three frequency ranges. The proximity and skin effects are analysed separately and subsequently combined to obtain an approximation with minimum theoretical error. Two error functions are defined to determine the frequency ranges for which the approximation is valid. Based on this Dowell's model approximation, it is found that, with the other parameters of the inductors fixed, both the porosity factor and conductivity have an optimal value that minimizes AC resistance for the litz wire windings. Thus, expressions for the optimum porosity factor and conductivity are derived, the optimization schemes under different practical engineering conditions are also given. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements, which indicates that the proposed model is valid for three frequency ranges, and the proposed optimization method is practical and suitable.
Convenient Synthesis of (R)-3-[(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino]piperidine and (R)-3-[(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino]azepane
Authors: Kadyrov Renat , Tok Oleg L.
Published: June 2021

(R)-3-[(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino]piperidine and (R)-3-[(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino]azepane were prepared in two steps starting from d-ornithine and d-lysine, respectively. In the key step, N-Boc-protected 3-aminolactams were converted into imido esters by O-alkyl­ation and then hydrogenated to amines, under mild conditions (5 bar H2, room temperature) and without isolation, over a standard hydrogenation catalyst (5% Pt/C).
Facile Synthesis of Polysubstituted 2-Pyrones via TfOH-Mediated Ring Expansion of 2-Acylcyclopropane-1-carboxylates
Authors: Wang Sunewang R. , Shao Jiru , An Caiyun
Published: June 2021

A facile route to polysubstituted 2-pyrones from readily available 2-acylcyclopropane-1-aryl-1-carboxylates mediated by TfOH is reported. The strongly donating 1-aryl group is important for directing the C–C bond cleavage of the donor-acceptor cyclopropane ring, which then leads to the formation of the 2-pyrone ring through lactonization.
Oxygen-Tethered 1,6-Enynes and [4.1.0]-Bicyclic Ether Skeletons as Hedonic Materials for the Fragrance Industry
Authors: Michelet Véronique , Laher Romain , Gentilini Emilie , Marin Christophe
Published: June 2021

The synthesis of original structures for the fragrance industry bearing bicyclic scaffolds is described. To the best of our knowledge, these structures are not found in the fragrance industry, neither from natural nor synthetic pathways. NHC–gold-type catalysts showed excellent activities leading to light bicyclic enol ethers. Several bicyclic adducts were prepared in good to excellent yields (18–99%). Evaluation of NHC–Au complexes allowed to reach a TOF of 300 h–1. The evaluation for the organoleptic properties of [4.1.0]-bicyclic ethers were compared with the unprecedented properties of the 1,6-enyne precursors. Evaluations of starting materials showed a great interest in these structures with various olfactory facets. In this study, we depicted the similarity and differences between starting ethers and their cycloisomerized bicyclic counterparts.
Underwater electrical wire explosions can destroy steel plate
Authors: Bandari Anashe
Published: June 2021

By using pulsed power to explode underwater wire arrays, researchers create dense water jets with extremely high energies and velocities.
Tunable van der Waals interactions in low-dimensional nanostructures
Authors: Ambrosetti Alberto , Subashchandrabose S. , Liu B. , Silvestrelli Pier Luigi
Published: June 2021

Non-covalent van der Waals interactions play a major role at the nanoscale, and even a slight change in their asymptotic decay could produce a major impact on surface phenomena, self-assembly of nanomaterials, and biological systems. By a full many-body description of vdW interactions in coupled carbyne-like chains and graphenic structures, here, we demonstrate that both modulus and a range of interfragment forces can be effectively tuned, introducing mechanical strain and doping (or polarizability change). This result contrasts with conventional pairwise vdW predictions, where the two-body approximation essentially fixes the asymptotic decay of interfragment forces. The present results provide viable pathways for detailed experimental control of nanoscale systems that could be exploited both in static geometrical configurations and in dynamical processes.
Axion-mediated electron–electron interaction in ytterbium monohydroxide molecule
Authors: Maison D. E. , Skripnikov L. V. , Oleynichenko A. V. , Zaitsevskii A. V.
Published: June 2021

The YbOH triatomic molecule can be efficiently used to measure the electron electric dipole moment, which violates time-reversal (T) and spatial parity (P) symmetries of fundamental interactions [Kozyryev and Hutzler, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 133002 (2017)]. We study another mechanism of the T, P-violation in the YbOH molecule—the electron–electron interaction mediated by the low-mass axionlike particle. For this, we calculate the molecular constant that characterizes this interaction and use it to estimate the expected magnitude of the effect to be measured. It is shown that this molecular constant has the same order of magnitude as the corresponding molecular constant corresponding to the axion-mediated electron–nucleus interaction. According to our estimation, an experiment on YbOH will allow one to set updated laboratory constraints on the CP-violating electron–axion coupling constants.
The types and functions of humor in the work of a United States Senator
Authors: Garcia Angela Cora
Published: June 2021

This study investigates the role interactional competence plays in the performance of political roles by examining
the use of humor in events such as speeches, election campaign rallies, press briefings and televised news interviews. In this
case study of a prominent United States Senator (the late Senator Edward Kennedy), twenty publically available video recordings
from the C-SPAN online archives are analyzed using a conversation analytic approach. Two main types of humor were found in these
data, self-deprecatory humor and humor that criticizes others. Three main functions of humor were identified (subtle
self-promotion, managing challenging political and interactional situations, and creating solidarity with an audience). The
results of this study contribute to our understanding of how humor can play a role in doing the work of a Senator.
Improved non-linear devices for quantum applications
Authors: Gil-Lopez J , Santandrea M , Roeland G , Brecht B , Eigner C , Ricken R , Quiring V , Silberhorn C
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we review the state of the art of mode selective, integrated sum-frequency generation devices tailored for quantum optical technologies. We explore benchmarks to assess their performance and discuss the current limitations of these devices, outlining possible strategies to overcome them. Finally, we present the fabrication of a new, improved device and its characterization. We analyse the fabrication quality of this device and discuss the next steps towards improved non-linear devices for quantum applications.
The Research of Markov Chain Application under Two Common Real World Examples
Authors: Xun Jing
Published: June 2021

Markov chain is a random process with Markov characteristics, which exists in the discrete index set and state space in probability theory and mathematical statistics. Based on probability theory, the Markov chain model is a quantitative prediction model for stationary random phenomena using autoregressive process methods. This article first introduces the Markov Chain and its related principles, then in order to study the applicability of Markov Chain, two common life situations are used in practical applications, and the conclusion that Markov Chain can accurately predict the probability is drawn; finally evaluated the Markov chain model and advocated for its wide application.
Bayesian Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Agricultural productivity efficiency in CLMV
Authors: Singvejsakul Jittima , Intapan Chanamart , Chaiboonsri Chukiat , Permsiri Runchida
Published: June 2021

This paper examines the agricultural productivity efficiency in four countries consists Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam (CLMV). The Bayesian Stochastic Frontier analysis is used to estimate in this study, this method has several advantages over the traditional method called Stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). The Bayesian method provide more information to be estimation under the uncertainty of parameters. The data consider the period 1991-2019 which comprises 4 countries for 29 years, with 116 observations. The results show that most of the average elasticity variables of agricultural input have a positive association with the agricultural output, this implies that the production frontier is well behave and increase in inputs. It can be concluded that the agricultural outputs of Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam (CLMV) countries in this sample were sensitive to changes in agricultural land followed by changes in agricultural fertilizer and labor. Therefore, the recommendation policy for these countries is governments should focus on enhance the productivity by increasing the technology or innovation in the CLMV countries.
A Numerical Implementation of the Finite-Difference Algorithm for solving Conserved Cahn–Hilliard Equation
Authors: Boma Wilcox , Wang Qinguy , Abiodun Ayodeji
Published: June 2021

Phase field modelling technique is critical to contextualizing material microstructures and to represent the composition of microstructural evolution. This work utilizes the periodic boundary condition to numerically solve the Cahn-Hilliard equation. To enhance computation and improve flexibility, Python programming language is introduced to develop and implement the proposed approach. The numerical implementation considered a hypothetical binary system of element A and B using the finite difference method on the conserved order parameter. The work also validates the concentration dependent gradient of the system and the energy coefficient which serves as the first step to show spinodal decomposition in a system. The implementation involves solving the Cahn Hillard equation in multi-dimensions capturing minimal time steps evolution, thus serving as an esplanade, an approach into crystallization. The system shows that the element A and B can be used to describe evolution phases alpha (α) and beta (β) through a persisting thermodynamic variable to form a single phase. The time-dependent phase morphology of the studied system, and the concentration and mobility effects are discussed in this paper.
Computational Study of the Influence of the π-bridge Conjugation Order of Quinodimethane-based Derivatives for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) Using Density Functional Theory (DFT)
Authors: Wang Yuhao , Gong Yitong , Wang Jue , Gong Yun
Published: June 2021

Several series of quinodimethane-based derivatives with different conjugated π-bridge groups (phenyl ring, thiophenyl ring and benzothiadiazoyl ring) were investigated by different conjugation orders using density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP /6-31g(d) level. Computational results show that, all three π-bridge groups obviously improve the optoelectronic properties of dyes compared with the reference, with more suitable energy levels and wider absorption bands. For the series of dyes with different numbers (n) of phenyl rings, larger order of π-bridge conjugation leads to a larger band gap from 2.501 eV to 2.547 eV, while the other series with thiophenyl rings has a wider absorption band and a red shift of the first absorption peak from 522.86 nm (2.371 eV) to 565.25 nm (2.193 eV) when the conjugation order increases. Benzothiadiazoyl ring was also studied as a part of π-bridge conjugation. The structure of donor - phenyl - benzothiadiazoyl -thiophenyl - anchor shows the lowest LUMO level (-2.929 eV) and a relatively high HOMO level (-5.049) among all the derivatives, but with a wide absorption band since it has two strong absorption peaks (489.24 nm and 400.41 nm with strengths of 0.7883 and 0.6625 respectively). Generally, dyes with thiophenyl rings shows more suitable optoelectronic properties for being candidate sensitizers for dye sensitized solar cells, and a combination of different aromatic rings as π-bridges is also a valuable way for designing new dye molecules in the future’s work.
Bp-ant colony algorithm: escape the Louvre
Authors: Tan Chuanming
Published: June 2021

With the spread of terrorism in the new era, France has suffered many terrorist attacks in recent years. The new situation calls for a review of emergency evacuation plans for popular destinations. Taking the Louvre Museum as the research object, this paper discusses the emergency evacuation plan in detail. At the same time, in order to make effective planning, this study selects the day with the largest number of visitors to the Louvre Museum as the sample. In the establishment of emergency evacuation model, ant colony algorithm is introduced. The training time of two kinds of traffic evacuation algorithm is given, and BP neural network is used for training. In addition, the dynamic Bottleneck Identification Method Based on fuzzy set theory is used in this study. Through model optimization, the possible bottleneck location is accurately determined. Finally, this paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the model, and gives the specific evacuation routes.
Experimental study on secondary consolidation characteristics of Kunming peat soil
Authors: Li Xin-Ming , Fu Ying-Jie , Chen Cheng , Yin Song
Published: June 2021

A series of conventional consolidation tests and 60 d creep consolidation tests were carried out on undisturbed peat soil samples taken from Kunming for the consolidation and secondary consolidation characteristics. The variation rule and formation mechanism of secondary consolidation parameters were analyzed in detail. Test results show that the e - lgt curves of Kunming peat soil under different consolidation pressures show an inverse S-shape, the ratio of secondary consolidation deformation to total deformation is 32.8%. With the increase of consolidation pressure p, the C
α value of peat soil and general soft clay first increase rapidly to the peak value and then decrease gradually. However, different from general soft clay, the peak value of C
α value of peat soil is higher which appears at the consolidation pressure of 200kPa (preconsolidation pressure of 67kPa). It is believed that this is related to the high content of organic matter and the abundant micropores in the organic matter. The C
α
/C
c value of Kunming peat soil is 0.052, which conforms to the “C
α
/C
c compression rule”. According to the soil classification standard based on the coefficient of secondary compressibility, Kunming peat soil belongs to high secondary compressibility soil.
Non-equilibrium Thermal Insulation Analysis of Self-insulation Wall
Authors: Wang Xuejin , Zhang Yujing , Hong Jing
Published: June 2021

In this paper, a mathematical model for calculating the cooling load of self insulation wall in unsteady heat transfer process is established. According to the reaction coefficient method based on Laplace transform and inverse transform, a software for calculating and analyzing the cooling load of self insulation wall is developed. The software can not only analyze the dependence of thermal parameters including thermal conductivity on the cooling load of external wall, but also analyze and calculate the self insulation wall. The non-equilibrium thermal insulation thickness of thermal insulation wall in different directions will provide practical calculation basis and data support for dynamic thermal insulation design of self insulation wall in energy-saving buildings.
Experimental Study about the Influence of Silane Impregnation on the Durability of Airport Pavement Concrete in Aircraft Deicing Fluid Environment
Authors: Yang Guo Qiang , Sun Zhong Jin
Published: June 2021

In order to study the influence of silane impregnation on the durability of airport pavement concrete in aircraft deicing fluid environment, corrosion resistance test, dynamic elastic modulus test, frost resistance test, and mechanical test (tensile strength) are adopted. The results show that (1) After 50 corrosion cycles, the surface of concrete without silane impregnation appears slight spalling, but the silane impregnation concrete does not, which indicates that silane impregnation effectively improves the corrosion resistance of concrete. (2) After the corrosion cycle and freeze-thaw cycle, the dynamic elastic modulus of the silane-impregnated concrete is nearly 1 / 4 higher than that of the untreated concrete, and the flexural strength is 19.88 % higher, proving that silane impregnation has a good enhancement effect on the durability of concrete.
Optimal Analysis of Domestic Air-Conditioning Heat Exchanger
Authors: Su Shunyu , Lu Shan
Published: June 2021

The energy efficiency improvement of air conditioning systems is very important. The relevant equations of air-conditioning heat exchanger are established based on the basic thermophysical laws in this paper. While R22 is the working fluid, the heat transfer equations of condenser and evaporator in gas and liquid two-phase region were solved with two different diameters ϕ 9.52mm and ϕ 7mm. The influence of diameter on fluid and heat transfer performance of air-conditioning heat transfer is analyzed based on calculated results. It shows that decreasing the diameter of the heat exchanger tube will be beneficial for the optimal design of heat exchanger if the increasing degree of the average heat transfer coefficient is higher than that of the total pressure drop. The conclusions of this study could provide theoretical basis to optimize the design of domestic air-conditioning heat transfer.
Preliminary Study on Problem Identification, Cause Analysis and Countermeasures of Data Application in Engineering Testing Industry
Authors: Qian Kun , Yao Jie
Published: June 2021

As a key node of engineering quality assurance, the engineering testing industry is obviously lagging behind other industries in its data application aspect, and there are various problems in policy, technology, and resources. Such problems have obviously affected the development trend of the entire industry, and it is urgent to solve the data problems in the engineering testing industry. By combing and analysing the status quo of data application in the industry, the article found three common problems of data application, no data available, inability to apply and no system management. These common problems directly affect the data application level of the entire industry. Based on the identified problems, this article further analyze the causes of the problems and point out the general direction of the industry data governance strategies.
Research on advantages and disadvantages of prestressed concrete hollow square pile and pipe pile in pile foundation selection
Authors: Wang Ruoyu , Li Yudian , Liu Xinyu , Zhang Shuang , Zhang Chenchen , Li Zeyi , Wang Peipei
Published: June 2021

In the process of industrial plant construction, pile foundation selection has a direct impact on the structural design. It is the goal of construction, design, investigation, supervision and construction units to find a pile type that can meet the economic rationality and quality requirements, and is conducive to construction and reduce the impact on the surrounding environment and buildings. In this paper, combined with the pile foundation selection design of the industrial plant, through the field investigation, pile bearing capacity detection and investigation report analysis, the cost comparative analysis is completed, and the advantages and disadvantages of hollow square pile and pipe pile in design and construction are compared.
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of flow in continuous bend under the influence of piers
Authors: Huang Sai Hua , Chai Wen Wei , He Jun
Published: June 2021

With the development of social economy, more and more cities plan to build various kinds of Bridges in curved rivers to construct urban traffic network. The Realizable k-ε turbulence model and VOF method were used to capture the free water surface, Simple algorithm was used for coupling calculation to simulate the flow characteristics of continuous bend with piers placed at 45° forward bend section. Simulation results show that: (1) under the condition of continuous curve, set in the horizontal surface slope will change the channel distribution of piers, bridge piers and curve superposition, the piers downstream transverse surface slope significantly improved, but the bridge pier near area, on the other hand, because of the water resistance of piers, bridge pier influence and affect the part of the balance of the bend, transverse surface slope value is only under the condition of no pier 1/2;(2) The high longitudinal flow velocity area is more concentrated, the high velocity center moves down to the bottom of the channel, and the central position of the circulation structure moves to the convex bank, which can aggravate the scouring of the convex bank.
Zn/S-modified Cu2O nanoparticles for applications in photocatalysis
Authors: Yuan S J , An Y , Yu C L , Zhao J , Wang T
Published: June 2021

A Zn/S Co-doped Cu2O composite photocatalyst with excellent performance is reported. Zn-Cu2O/S composite was prepared by simple hydrothermal synthesis and impregnation method. XRD, SEM and EDS analysis showed that Cu9S5 and ZnO were formed after Zn/S Co-doping, and p-n heterojunction was formed. Zn-Cu2O/S has good visible light sensing performance, rapid carrier transport, higher photocurrent density and 100% removal rate of methyl orange. The new ternary composite Zn-Cu2O/S has potential application value in the treatment of toxic dye wastewater.
Approach to damping effects of fairings on VIV of flexible cylinder with three-dimensional numerical simulations
Authors: Fu Jianhong , Wang Li , Xu Chengkan
Published: June 2021

Vortex-induced vibration (VIV), which will lead to the fatigue damage on coastal structures like flexible cylinders, has attracted considerable attention. The object of this study is to investigate the VIV phenomenon of flexible cylinder and the damping effects of fairings which could be used as vortex-suppressing devices, with three-dimensional (3D) fluid-structure interaction considered. In this paper, a 3D finite element (FE) model is established with the cylinder simulated by solid elements, the fluid field by the Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) scheme, and the pipe surface by the moving boundary. Non-uniform mesh in different region and dynamic mesh in the area around the pipe are used to better simulate the pipe and the fluid field. The feasibility of the model is verified. The correlations between the vibration amplitude and the vortex shedding frequency are depicted, with the lock-in phenomenon captured. The displacement responses of the pipe are calculated with the damping effects considered, which is reflected not only in reducing the vibration amplitude of the pipe, but also in raising the flow rates for the lock-in region. This study will provide useful theoretical reference for vibration control of the VIV phenomenon of flexible cylinder.
Experimental study on bending resistance of steel-UHPC composite slabs
Authors: Liu Xin-Yi
Published: June 2021

The local cracking problem of steel-UHPC composite slab structure layer under negative bending moment is a basic research topic for the application and development of this new type composite bridge deck structure system. Combined with the performance of UHPC, the mechanical behaviour of composite slab before ultimate load was analysed by designing a pure bending test model, and the mechanical indexes such as cracking load and ultimate load were obtained. The results show that the reinforcement and the combination effect can effectively limit the development of tensile crack in UHPC layer and improve the bearing capacity of the slab. The reinforced steel-UHPC composite slab ears good ductility. The material properties of UHPC should not be ignored in the analysis and calculation of mechanical properties of composite slabs. The combined effect can limit the development of tensile cracking and change its failure mode of the UHPC layer. The thickness of longitudinal reinforcement protective layer of steel-UHPC composite slab can significantly affect its flexural behavior. The application range of the equivalent section method based on linear elasticity is limited, and it is necessary to develop the analysis and calculation method that can accurately reflect the cooperative working effect of each member of the steel-UHPC composite plate.
Simulation on the impacts of tree canopy morphology on thermal comfort at the pedestrian level
Authors: Ding Wei , Lu Xiaoyi , Dang Caidi , Zhu Zongzhou , Zou Weihan
Published: June 2021

To explore the role of tree canopy morphology on the urban thermal environment and human comfort, this paper considers the variation of four factors (Top Canopy Height (TCH), Leaf Area Density (LAD), Bottom Canopy Height (BCH) and Canopy Diameter (CD)) and uses an orthogonal experiment method (OEM) to build 25 simulation scenarios. In an idealized model planted with trees, the effects of changes in canopy morphological parameters on air temperature and Physical Equivalent Temperature (PET) at a pedestrian height of 1.5m are simulated and discussed using ENVI-met software. The results show that the air temperatures for 25 different groups differed significantly during the day and less at night. At the hottest time of the day (15:00), there was a difference of 7.8°C between the coolest (ID 11) and hottest (ID 16) groups. TCH, LAD and CD are all negatively correlated with PET, while the BCH is positively correlated with PET. Among the four canopy morphology parameters, CD has the most significant effect on PET at a pedestrian level of 1.5m.
Particle breakage and micromechanical characteristics of calcareous sand during shearing
Authors: Gao Y. , Li W. L. , Shi T. G.
Published: June 2021

Based on the discrete element method, the numerical simulation of the shear test for calcareous sand was carried out to explore the particle breakage and micromechanical mechanism of calcareous sand in the shear process. The results show that the particle breakage can reduce the peak strength of calcareous sand, and make the bulk deformation change from dilatancy to shrinkage. The particle breakage is concentrated in the shear band; with the increase of axial strain, the degree of particle breakage increases, which is also positively correlated with confining pressure and axial strain. The contact forces are redistributed when the particles are broken; the dominant direction of the contact forces in the strong force chain is consistent with σ1, always in the vertical direction, while the dominant direction of the contact forces in the weak force chain is consistent with σ3, in the horizontal direction, and it gradually deflects to the vertical direction with increasing axial strain; the anisotropy of the contact normal also decreases significantly after particle breakage. The magnitudes of the contact forces in the strong and weak force chains conform to the Weibull distribution. After particle crushing, the magnitudes of the contact forces decrease significantly, and the numbers of the contact forces increase significantly, and the percentage of the weak forces increases significantly, which leads to the decrease of the strength of the sample.
Progress in treatment technology of phenol-containing industrial wastewater
Authors: Yuting Fu , Changbo Li , Guozheng Zhao , Hui Liang , Shuo Wang , Hongzhu Xu
Published: June 2021

This article describes the nature and hazards of phenol-containing industrial wastewater, and summarizes the characteristics of various treatment technologies for phenol-containing wastewater. The methods for treating phenol-containing industrial wastewater include chemical precipitation method, supercritical water oxidation method, Fenton method, ozone oxidation method and extraction method. This article reviews the research status and development trend of phenol-containing industrial wastewater treatment technology.
Technical specification for green design evaluation of cooking appliances
Authors: Zong Jianfang , Zhang Xin , Liang Xiuying , Tian Jianwei , Yuan Han , Guan Jinxin
Published: June 2021

This paper sets out the principle of green design of cooking appliances, and analyzes the general provisions on green design of cooking appliances, the green design process and key points, evaluation requirements, preparation methods for a life-cycle evaluation report, and evaluation methods. The Technical Specification for Green Design Evaluation of Cooking Appliances plays a practical supporting role in systematically supporting the establishment of China’s eco-design evaluation mechanism. The research on and formulation of standards will help improve and promote the green design capabilities of enterprises, improve comprehensive management and cleaner production, and thereby cultivate a batch of green design demonstration enterprises with green development awareness and brand influence. Meanwhile, it has positive guiding significance to guiding green production and promoting green consumption.
Research on suitability evaluation standard of green road of “Four-New Technology” Based on AHP
Authors: Han Lijuan , Li Xuning , Jiang Shenggao , Liang Junwei
Published: June 2021

The Ministry of transport and provincial transportation departments recommend outstanding transportation scientific and technological achievements every year, and carried out a large number of highway construction demonstration projects. However, the selection of “four new technologies” has become a difficult problem for managers and builders. This paper analyzes the current situation of suitability evaluation and “Four-New Technology” in Zhejiang Province. After a large number of research on green road policy, demonstration project, standard and technological promotion results, the suitability evaluation standard of “four new technologies” of green road is established.
Landscape aging in ethnic minority regions based on entropy method-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation ——Take Yanji City, China as an example
Authors: Zhao Wenlu , Jin Guanghu
Published: June 2021

Global aging is becoming more and more serious. How to improve the landscape environment to provide the elderly with a more comfortable, convenient and pleasant living environment, we need to create an suitable environment for the aging society based on the physical, psychological and social characteristics of the elderly. Taking China’s ethnic minority areas as an example, this paper selects 21 evaluation indicators for the landscape aging for ethnic minority areas from the perspective of security, accessibility, communicative, comfortable natureand richness. Through the use of entropy method, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the application status of the elderly in the landscape of Yanji City is carried out, which aims to provide a reference for the improvement and development of the landscape aging in minority areas. The research results show that the index with the highest weight in the comprehensive evaluation of landscape aging of Yanji City in China’s ethnic minority areas are the degree of spatial identificationof 0.118 and the regional cultural embodimentof 0.086. The overall score of the evaluation system is 0.6017. All departments should set up special senior landscape work agencies or joint organizations to strengthen the attention to the landscape of ethnic minority elderly, increase their sense of belonging to the landscape, improve the greening environment and enhance the ageing of plant landscape design. Landscape architects should actively consider for the elderly, and strive to design a more comfortable landscape environment for the elderly.
Technical specification for green design evaluation of commercial refrigerating appliances
Authors: Zong Jianfang , Cheng Jianhong , Zhang Xin , Tian Jianwei , Yuan Han , Guan Jinxin
Published: June 2021

This paper sets out the principle of green design of commercial refrigerating appliances, and analyzes the general provisions on green design of commercial refrigerating appliances, the green design process and key points, evaluation requirements, preparation methods for a life-cycle evaluation report, and evaluation methods. The Technical Specification for Green Design Evaluation of Commercial Refrigerating Appliances plays a practical supporting role in systematically supporting the establishment of China’s eco-design evaluation mechanism. The research on and formulation of standards will help improve and promote the green design capabilities of enterprises, improve comprehensive management and cleaner production, and thereby cultivate a batch of green design demonstration enterprises with green development awareness and brand influence. Meanwhile, it has positive guiding significance to guiding green production and promoting green consumption.
Stratigraphic characteristics and geological significance of Qingshankou Formation in Songliao Basin
Authors: Ming Yang
Published: June 2021

The Qingshan Formation is the first large-scale lake invasion in the geologic evolution history of the Songliao Basin, the central depression area of the basin is widely distributed with black mudstone and shale, and the coarse clastic rocks in the western slope area and the northern dumping area are obviously increased, while the large sets of green-gray and purplish-red mudstone appear in the eastern uplift area and the southeast uplift area. By chronological analysis of the zircon minerals in the lacustrine sedimentary layers of the lake facies of the Qingshan formation, the U-Pb isotope harmonic ages were 91.35Ma, 91.06±0.69 Ma, it is confirmed that the bottom of Qingshankou Formation is proven to belong to the lower part of Turonian period; the 40Ar/39Ar isotope plateau age and the age of equal time line obtained from two or three section of Qingshankou Formation in Jin 6 well are 88.0±0.3 Ma, confirming that the top boundary of Qingshankou Formation has been extended to Coniacian period. At the same time, the appearance of Borealipollis, Plicapollis and Complexiopollis, which has important geologic age significance, indicates that the bottom boundary of Qingshankou has already entered to the late.
Research on Deformation Characteristics of Overlying Rock Strata in Floor Roadway
Authors: Wang ZHonghua
Published: June 2021

In order to study the deformation characteristics of the overlying rock layer of the floor roadway, the DW-6 multi-point displacement meter is used to measure the displacement of the surrounding rock of the roadway at different depths, and it is concluded that the displacement and deformation of the surrounding rock within 15m of the upper and lower sides of the pressure relief floor rock roadway. The upper part shows the largest deformation of the surrounding rock directly above, followed by the upper and lower sides 7.5m, and the upper and lower sides the smallest 15m. The different base points of the same borehole show the characteristics of alternating wave crests and troughs from the outside to the inside. The wave crests with larger displacements are the damaged areas of surrounding rock, and the troughs with smaller displacements are the non-damaged areas of surrounding rock.
Numerical analysis of dynamic responses of expanded piles subjected to earthquake loadings
Authors: Liang Zhenyou , Fu Baiyong , Zhang Yiming , Mu Linlong
Published: June 2021

Expanded piles, a novel type of pile system equipped with special mechanical structures, are found with significantly enhanced mechanical performances such as anti-pulling and anti-shearing capacities due to the deformable expanding disks in the middle part. As these structures are generally new, their dynamic responses subjected to earthquake are still unclear. Based on the finite element method, the expanded pile-platform structure is first modelled locally and globally in details. Then, by using the acceleration-time information, the dynamic responses of the expanded pile-platform structure are studied to obtain its deformation properties and envelop diagrams of internal forces, which are compared to the results of normal pile-platform system. The obtained results will assist the designers and engineers to better understand the dynamic responses of the expanded pile-platform structure, thus correspondingly optimizing the reinforcement design and enhancing the dynamic safety of the structures.
The Influence of Human-structure Interaction on Structural Dynamic Properties
Authors: Han Zhifan , Huang Suying
Published: June 2021

For large-span flexible structures, human-structure interaction is obvious, but designers do not have a clear understanding of whether human-structure interaction should be considered in structural design. In this paper, the pedestrian Spring-Mass-Damper (SMD) model and dynamic parameters are used to study the influence of human-structure interaction on structural dynamic properties by using ANSYS finite element calculation software to calculate and compare 70 working conditions. The results show that when the structure-human frequency ratio is less than 1 and slightly greater than 1, the human-structure interaction has a greater influence on the dynamic properties of the structure. As the structure-human frequency ratio increases, the influence of the human-structure interaction on the dynamic properties of the structure decreases. When the structure-human frequency ratio is greater than 2, the human-structure interaction can be ignored.
Numerical Simulation Research on the Influence of Buried Depth on the Stress Field of Overlying Rock in Floor Roadway
Authors: Wang ZHonghua
Published: June 2021

In order to explore the influence of burial depth on the stress field of the overlying rock in the floor roadway, FLAC3D software is used to simulate and analyze when the floor roadway is at 600m, 800m, and 1000m. The stress field distribution characteristics of the rock and surrounding rock within 15m on both sides, the stress field distribution characteristics of different areas directly below and on both sides of the floor roadway are obtained, which provides a theoretical basis for the location selection and support of the floor roadway.
Simulation-based optimization of the control strategy of variable-frequency chilled water pump in data center: A case study in Beijing
Authors: Chong L W , Huang J W , Liu Q , Zhang Z , Chen C , Qi Z , Dai N , Zhang C , Ling J H , Ruan Y , Wang Y X
Published: June 2021

Reducing the energy consumption of air-conditioning system is one of the important means to improve the operation energy efficiency of data center, and the energy consumption of water pump accounts for a relatively high proportion of the energy consumption of air-conditioning system. This paper studied the reduction of operation energy consumption of water pump from the perspective of optimizing its control strategy. Based on the simulation model of the case system, this paper simulated the operation energy consumption of the chilled water pump when two control strategies (the constant DP control and the constant DT control of the main water supply-return pipeline) were used under different load demand. The calculation results show that both two control strategies can reduce the energy consumption of the chilled water pump compared with non-control, and the constant DT control is better. In addition, under two control strategies, the load distribution characteristics of system have an impact on the working state point and energy consumption of the chilled water pump.
Optimization and control strategy of ideal temperature control curve for super-high arch dam
Authors: Liu Youzhi , Liu Chunfeng , Tan Yaosheng , Li Jintao
Published: June 2021

During the construction period, the super-high arch dam is poured monolithically, and the temperature stress level is high. The key to ensure the overall safety of the dam is to do a good job of temperature control and crack prevention during the construction period, and the formulation and optimization of temperature drop curve during the construction period is an important prerequisite for ensuring the temperature control. In addition to the conventional indexes such as the maximum temperature, temperature gradient, cooling range, cooling rate and final combined stress, the transverse joint aperture of the dam should be taken into consideration for the determination of temperature drop curve during dam construction. In this paper, Baihetan super-high arch dam project was taken as an example to study this problem, and the influence of different maximum temperature, target temperature and different cooling process on dam temperature stress, safety factor and transverse joint aperture was systematically analyzed. The results showed that different cooling processes and the setting of stage target temperature have obvious effects on the temperature stress, transverse joint aperture and safety factor during dam construction, and the coupling relation between these factors should be considered comprehensively in formulating the ideal cooling curve, so as to realize the optimization of the overall safety risk of the dam.
Evaluation of Land Use Multifunctionality from the Perspective of “Production-Living-Ecology”
Authors: Ou Zhenli , Liu Yanhua , Liang Jialing , Wang Qianqian , Liao Danchan
Published: June 2021

Based on the entropy TOPSIS model and clustering method, this article builds a multi-functional evaluation index system for land use based on 21 indicators from the perspective of “production-life-ecology”, evaluates the multifunctionality of land use, and analyzes its spatial differences in Baise, Guangxi, China. The results show that the multifunctional level of land use in Baise is still at a poor level, and the ecology function are better utilized. There are big differences in the spatial distribution of multifunctional land use among counties in Baise, and the overall spatial distribution pattern is “slightly stronger in the south than in the north”. Multifunctional land use in Baise is greatly affected by production function factors. It is recommended to accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading, and give full play to the different ecology, resource, location or policy advantages of each county to improve the level of land production functions, and pay attention to green development, the common development of each function and the regional coordinated development.
Application of Digital Technology in Safety Evaluation of Dabeishan Aqueduct
Authors: Chen W L , Chen X L , Wu W D , Xie Z K
Published: June 2021

A large number of aqueducts were built in China in the 1950s and 1980s, and there are still quite a few aqueducts still undertaking water delivery tasks. Evaluation of existing aqueducts is an important measure to ensure safe water delivery. In order to cope with problems such as the long construction period of the aqueduct and the lack of original design materials, this paper comprehensively uses digital technologies such as drone aerial photography, BIM, and three-dimensional laser scanning. Take Dabeishan Aqueduct for example, carrying out safety test and evaluation. The adopted methods has enriched the methods of safety evaluation of aqueducts and improved the quality of safety evaluation.
Model design of salvaging robot for drilling bit
Authors: Zhang Wenwen , Zhang Wenjia
Published: June 2021

During the construction of bored cast-in-place piles, loosening of the connection between the drill bit and the drill pipe often occurs. When the drill bit falls out, it must be salvaged. In this paper, a method of replacing manual salvage with robots is proposed. Based on STM32F103 technology, a drill-bit salvaging robot is designed with host computer, USBL technology, 3D printing technology, NFR wireless transmission and reception technology, and ultrasonic detection technology, so as to improve economic benefits and reduce manual casualties.
Evacuation of building fire personnel based on BIM+GIS: A review
Authors: Liu Jiaxi , Zhang Rui , Yan Weidong , Sun Li
Published: June 2021

As the consequences of building fire evacuation continue to be severe, some experts and scholars have proposed to combine building information modeling (BIM) technology with geographic information system (GIS) technology to construct a three-dimensional space scene of building fire evacuation. BIM has the advantages of refined three-dimensional modeling, and with the help of evacuation software, people evacuation and its characteristics are simulated, GIS has powerful spatial analysis functions to analyze the path. In this kind of evacuation simulation method, the two technologies complement each other to achieve quantitative analysis of qualitative indicators and efficient visualization of evacuation emergency management. This paper summarizes and analyzes the research on personnel evacuation in recent years by summarizing the current research situation in China, and puts forward the existing problems, hoping to provide ideas for the further research.
Comparative study on settlement calculation of clay core rockfill dam by different constitutive models
Authors: Zhang Zhe-Yu , Ding Chun-Mei
Published: June 2021

The analysis and calculation of the settlement of the clay core rockfill dam is decided by the constitutive relation of the dam material. In this paper, the settlement of the clay core rockfill dam of Luding Hydropower Station under different working conditions is analyzed and calculated by using Duncan E-v and double yield surface elastic-plastic model. E-v model is quite sensitive to Poisson’s ratio, and the small changes of parameters G, D and F may lead to great differences in the deformation calculation results of the model, while the elastic-plastic model with double yield surface is not very sensitive, and its settlement calculation results under different working conditions are relatively stable.