bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Curandeiro, parteira e sangrador
Authors: Pimenta Tânia Salgado
Published: February 2019

Este artigo procura ressaltar as relações entre terapeutas populares e aqueles com formação acadêmica no Rio de Janeiro das primeiras décadas do século XIX à luz da historiografia sobre o exercício das artes de curar. A partir da documentação da Fisicatura-mor, procura-se sublinhar questões como a heterogeneidade dos terapeutas populares e mostrar a diversidade das relações entre terapeutas populares e aqueles com formação acadêmica.
Razão ou Revolução - resgatando o debate Popper-Kuhn na história da ciência
Authors: Albieri Sara , Toniol Ana Paula Nobile
Published: February 2019

A fortuna crítica do debate Popper-Kuhn acerca do progresso da ciência seguiu caminhos diversos no ambiente acadêmico. Na recepção brasileira é recorrente a referência ao mesmo tempo vaga e dogmática ao falseacionismo de Karl Popper como expressão acabada do método científico. Nas humanidades predominaram as referências às posições de Thomas Kuhn isoladas de seu contexto intelectual. A recuperação dos principais argumentos dessa interlocução pode lançar luz sobre questões ainda presentes em história e filosofia da ciência e auxiliar na fundamentação da pesquisa e do ensino em diferentes campos disciplinares.
Índice de Controle Ambiental das Unidades de Conservação do Maranhão
Authors: Masullo Yata Anderson Gonzaga , Gurgel Helen da Costa , Laques Anne-Elizabeth , Carvalho Dionatan Silva , Castro Claudio Eduardo de
Published: February 2019

O presente estudo objetiva expor o desenvolvimento do Índice de Controle Ambiental – ICA das Unidades de Conservação do Maranhão, a partir da mensuração de indicadores ambientais e institucionais. Busca-se dessa forma, representar a influência da dinâmica territorial sobre a efetividade das 11 UCs do Maranhão. Metodologias como esta tornam-se cada vez mais indispensável, em um cenário de institucionalização de área protegidas e efetivação de parques outrora somente existentes em papel. Avança-se nesse contexto, a partir da proposição e desenvolvimento de métodos capazes de considerar as complexidades envolvida na questão, como a relação entre a escala local e regional, rápida aplicação, alta capacidade de reprodução e baixa subjetividade. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa, utilizou-se o método de análise multicritério conhecido como Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), alicerçados por técnicas ligados ao Sistema de Informação Geográfico – SIGs. Desse modo foi possível identificar que entre as UCs em análise, 18% possuem nível insatisfatório de efetividade, enquanto que outros 18% possuem grau pouco satisfatório, 54% possui nível medianamente e 18% nível reconhecido como satisfatório. A consolidação desta metodologia traz consigo contribuições aplicadas a otimização do planejamento, implantação e gestão das Unidades de Conservação do Maranhão, bem como em outros estados, a partir deste estudo.
Representação de Geossistêmas em Estudos de Arqueologia da Paisagem: Ambientes Ancestrais em Ilhéus, Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Silva Kaique Brito , Amorim Raul Reis
Published: February 2019

As ocupações pretéritas no espaço geográfico remontam vivências que detinham relações singulares com os atributos naturais. Nesse sentido, a Arqueologia da Paisagem tenta desvendar, através de vestígios arqueológicos, os modos de vida das populações ancestrais.  A abordagem metodológica que traduz os sistemas naturais e suas relações com os sistemas antrópicos é conhecida como teoria geossistêmica, que auxilia a Arqueologia da Paisagem nos padrões de ocorrências pretéritas oriundas de configurações ambientais. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi expor os cenários geossistêmicos de Ilhéus, Bahia, Brasil, que condicionaram as ocupações desde o período pré-colonial brasileiro. Foram identificados 4 geossistemas que definiram a forma de grupos pré-coloniais ocuparem a região, além de favorecer o crescimento da colônia a partir do século XIX através da produção de cana-de-açúcar nos engenhos locais.
Influências da Textura e Temperatura dos Solos Sobre a Regeneração do Cerrado na Estação Ecológica de Jataí – Luiz Antônio/SP-Brasil
Authors: Quaresma Cristiano Capellani , Perez Filho Archimedes , Barbosa Priscila de Oliveira , Moraes Marcela Barbosa de , Lämmle Luca
Published: February 2019

Diversos trabalhos destacam a importância do Cerrado como “hotspot” mundial de biodiversidade, estando entre as 27 áreas críticas de biodiversidade do Planeta e encontrando-se em contínua ameaça, sobretudo devido ao uso e ocupação indiscriminado de suas terras, principalmente pelo setor agropecuário. Diante disso, importantes políticas públicas são criadas com a finalidade de promover a conservação, recuperação e o manejo sustentável desse bioma. Porém, esses objetivos se esbarram na falta de estudos técnicos, dificultando o direcionamento adequado de verbas e ações. Assim, visando fornecer subsídios à estas, o presente trabalho objetivou mensurar oscilações diuturnas de temperatura dos solos e suas relações com a regeneração da vegetação. O estudo é de caráter exploratório, baseado em levantamento bibliográfico e experimental, a partir de coleta de amostras de solo, análises laboratoriais e medições de temperatura em campo. As atividades foram desenvolvidas em dois pontos no interior da Estação Ecológica de Jataí – SP/Brasil. Os resultados permitiram verificar maiores variações de temperatura diuturna nos primeiros 20cm do solo caracterizado por apresentar menores teores de argila. Estes dados podem indicar impactos na quebra de dormência de sementes e no desenvolvimento de raízes de pequenas mudas dificultando o processo de regeneração. Assim, as informações apresentadas podem contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de recuperação deste tipo de vegetação.
Profound Decrease in Glomerular Arginine Transport by CAT (Cationic Amino Acid Transporter)-1 Contributes to the FLT-1 (FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase 1) Induced Preeclampsia in the Pregnant Mice
Authors: Shashar Moshe , Zubkov Asia , Chernichovski Tamara , Hershkovitz Rami , Hoffman Elinoar , Grupper Ayelet , Weinstein Talia , Schwartz Idit F.
Published: February 2019

Endothelial dysfunction because of nitric oxide inactivation has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. During pregnancy, L-arginine transport by CAT-1 (cationic amino acid transporter 1), the only transporter for eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) is inhibited. We hypothesize that maternal arginine deficiency contributes to the development of preeclampsia. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1) in virgin and pregnant mice resulted in glomerular endotheliosis, hypertension, and albuminuria. L-arginine prevented the increase in blood pressure and albuminuria in Flt-1 pregnant but not in Flt-1 virgin mice. Flt-1 augmented arginine transport in pregnant but not in virgin dames. Ex vivo inhibition of CAT-2 leaving exclusively CAT-1 activity, decreased arginine transport velocities in Flt-1 animals more prominently in pregnant dames. Phosphorylated CAT-1/CAT-1 increased in pregnant, sFlt-1-pregnant, and sFlt-1 virgin mice. CAT-2 increased in Flt-1-pregnant and Flt-1-virgin dames. L-arginine augmented arginine transport in pregnant and Flt-pregnant mice and prevented the increase in pCAT-1 and CAT-2 expression. Glomerular cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) generation as a measure of eNOS activity was decreased in all Flt-1 treated animals. L-arginine abolished the decrease in cGMP levels only in Flt-1-pregnant mice. In conclusion, glomerular endothelial NO generation is compromised in Flt-1-pregnant mice because of CAT-1 inhibition induced by a combined effect of pregnancy and preeclampsia which involves: phosphorylation of CAT-1 and induction of CAT-2. These processes contribute to the clinical syndrome of preeclampsia in mice and are prevented by L-arginine.
Rediscovery and new data on distribution of the imperfectly known Philippine endemic Etlingera pubimarginata (Zingiberaceae; Alpinieae)
Authors: NAIVE MARK ARCEBAL K. , DEMAYO CESAR G. , ALEJANDRO GRECEBIO JONATHAN D.
Published: February 2019

Recent exploration on the mountains of Northern Mindanao, Philippines resulted in the recollection of Etlingera pubimarginata, an enigmatic endemic species recollected after a lapse of over a century. An amended taxonomic description with colour photographs as well as comparative morphology to its allied species, geographical distribution, and conservation status are provided.
On the identity of Lophostoma silvicolum occidentalis (Davis & Carter, 1978) (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)
Authors: VELAZCO PAÚL M. , CADENILLAS RICHARD
Published: February 2019

The Neotropical bat genus Lophostoma (Phyllostomidae: Phyllostominae) currently includes seven species. Two taxa, Lophostoma aequatorialis and Lophostoma silvicolum occidentalis, occur west of the Andes in Ecuador and Peru. In the description of L. aequatorialis, these two taxa were compared solely on the basis of morphology because DNA sequence data could not be obtained from the type series of L. s. occidentalis. Here, comparisons are based on molecular data and extensive morphological comparisons. The congruence between the morphological and molecular variation in our analyses support the recognition of L. occidentalis as a valid species and the consideration of L. aequatorialis as a junior synonym of L. occidentalis. Phylogenetic analysis of Lophostoma based on cytochrome-b sequences indicates that L. occidentalis is closely related to L. schulzi. L. occidentalis can be recognized by its white to pale post-auricular patches; dorsal side of the forearm naked; well-developed lateral projection of mastoid process; wide basioccipital; shallow basisphenoid pits weakly separated by a septum; P3 and P4 distal accessory cusp present; M1 ectocingulum strongly developed; M1 mesostyle absent; M1 mesostylar crest present; M1 anterior ectoflexus deep and posterior ectoflexus shallow; M1 lingual cingulum present; M2 mesostyle absent; and M2 mesostylar crest present.
Two new species of sand-bubbler crabs, Scopimera, from North China and the Philippines (Crustacea: Decapoda: Dotillidae)
Authors: WONG KINGSLEY J. H. , SHIH HSI-TE , CHAN BENNY K. K.
Published: February 2019

Two undescribed species of Scopimera are herein described. Scopimera sheni sp. nov. from Qingdao, represents the fourth species of the genus to be recognized from North China. Scopimera philippinensis sp. nov. is the first record of the genus from the Philippines. Morphologically both new species belong to the “normal form” Scopimera (sensu Kemp 1919). Amongst other characters, each can be distinguished by its diagnostic male first gonopod. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene sequences showed two distinct clades. An East Asia group (Chinese coasts, Japan, Korea and Taiwan) consisting of S. globosa De Haan, 1835, S. ryukyuensis Wong, Chan et Shih, 2010, S. sheni sp. nov., S. longidactyla Shen, 1932 and S. curtelsona (= S. cutelsoma) Shen, 1936; and a Southeast Asia group consisting of the closely related S. philippinensis sp. nov. and S. intermedia Balss, 1934. A dichotomous key is provided for all “normal forms” of Scopimera species.
Molecular and morphological characterization of Amathia distans Busk and Amathia brasiliensis Busk (Bryozoa: Ctenostomata) from the tropical and subtropical Western Atlantic
Authors: FEHLAUER-ALE KARIN H. , VIEIRA LEANDRO M. , WINSTON JUDITH E.
Published: February 2019

Morphological and molecular analyses have proven to be complementary tools of taxonomic information for the redescription of the ctenostome bryozoans Amathia brasiliensis Busk, 1886 and Amathia distans Busk, 1886. The two species, originally described from material collected by the ‘Challenger’ expedition but synonymized by later authors, now have their status fixed by means of the selection of lectotypes, morphological observations and analyses of DNA sequences described here. The morphological characters allowing the identification of living and/or preserved specimens are (1) A. brasiliensis: whitish-pale pigment spots in the frontal surface of stolons and zooids, and a wide stolon with biserial zooid clusters growing in clockwise and anti-clockwise spirals along it, the spirality direction being maintained from maternal to daughter stolons; and (2) A. distans: bright yellow pigment spots in stolonal and zooidal surfaces including lophophores, and a slender stolon, thickly cuticularized, with biserial zooid clusters growing in clockwise and anti-clockwise spirals along it and the spirality direction not maintained from maternal to daughter stolons. Pairwise comparisons of DNA sequences of the mitochondrial genes cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and large ribosomal RNA subunit revealed deep genetic divergence between A. brasiliensis and A. distans. Finally, analyses of those sequences within a Bayesian phylogenetic context recovered their genealogical species status.
Description of the final instar nymphs of seven species from Anacroneuria Klapálek (Plecoptera: Perlidae) in Costa Rica, and first record for an additional genus in Central America
Authors: GUTIÉRREZ-FONSECA PABLO E. , SPRINGER MONIKA
Published: February 2019

The final nymphal stages for seven species of Anacroneuria Klapálek from Costa Rica are described for the first time based upon reared specimens: A. benedettoi Stark, 1998, A. divisa (Navás, 1924), A. holzenthali Stark, 1998, A. lineata (Navás, 1924), A. marca Stark, 1998, A. perplexa Stark, 1998 and A. varilla Stark, 1998. Illustrations are provided for all important morphological characters and distinguishing characters are discussed. Distribution maps for each species are provided and remarks on the ecology are included. Finally, an additional genus is recorded for Central America for the first time, from two nymphs collected from the Central Valley in Costa Rica, possibly belonging to the genus Perlesta.
New species of Rhinotragini and redescription of two species of Stultutragus Clarke (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae)
Authors: BEZARK LARRY G. , SANTOS-SILVA ANTONIO , MARTINS UBIRAJARA R.
Published: February 2019

Agaone amazonica sp. nov. and Stultutragus endoluteus sp. nov. are described from Brazil, and variation in A. peruviensis Fisher, is discussed. Stultutragus nigricornis is elevated to species rank and re-described. Updated keys to Agaone and Stultutragus are provided.
Description of Fenerbahce devosi (Cyprinodontiformes: Nothobranchiidae), a new species of dwarf killifish from the eastern Congo Basin in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Authors: SONNENBERG RAINER , WOELTJES TONNIE , DER ZEE JOUKE R. VAN
Published: February 2019

A new species of the currently monotypic genus Fenerbahce is described from the eastern Congo Basin. It is distinguished from F. formosus from the western Congo Basin by several characters, of which the most prominent are: a more anterior origin of dorsal fin relative to anal fin, a deeper body, long extension on edges of the caudal fin, and a distinct colour pattern. The distinctness of the two species is supported by additional morphological characters and the results of a preliminary analysis of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences.
New species and new records of cumaceans (Crustacea: Peracarida: Cumacea) from the Andaman Islands, Indian Ocean
Authors: PETRESCU IORGU , CHATTERJEE TAPAS
Published: February 2019

This paper describes a collection of Cumaceans from intertidal macroalgae on the shores of the Andaman Islands containing two new species viz. Bodotria andamanensis sp. nov. of the family Bodotriidae, Gynodiastylis bacescui sp. nov. of the family Gynodiastylidae and five species of the family Nannastacidae of which three species viz. Cumella forficuloides Băcescu & Muradian, 1975, Nannastacus goniatus Gamô, 1962 and Scherocumella nichollsi Hale, 1945 are recorded for the first time from India. Bodotria andamanensis sp. nov. is characterized by having two large visual elements, the first segment of the pereon hardly visible dorsally, maxilliped 3 with robust articles, a short uropod, rami with two articles; Gynodiastylis bacescui sp. nov. is characterized by an elongated carapace, a rounded and large telson, reaching half of the length of the uropodal peduncle, the basis of maxilliped 3 with a short outer plumose seta, and a uropodal endopod with three articles.
Three new species of ptyctimous mites (Acari: Oribatida: Phthiracaroidea ) from Spain
Authors: NIEDBAŁA WOJCIECH , STARỲ JOSEF
Published: February 2019

Three new species of the superfamily Phthiracaroidea, Austrophthiracarus parainusitatus sp. nov., Atropacarus (Atropacarus) parainsularis sp. nov. and Atropacarus (Atropacarus) parastriculus sp. nov. are described and figured. All species are from soils of the Provinces Galicia and Cantabria in North and North-West Spain. A comparison with the most related species of the genera Austrophthiracarus and Atropacarus is performed. The faunal composition and distribution of all species of the taxons Austrophthiracarus and Atropacarus (Atropacarus) in the Palaearctic region and in the Iberian Peninsula are discussed.
Lacertopontonia chadi gen. et sp. nov., a new oyster-associated Pontonia-like pontoniine shrimp (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) from the Great Barrier Reef of Australia
Authors: MARIN IVAN
Published: February 2019

A new genus and species of pontoniine shrimp, Lacertopontonia chadi gen. et sp. nov., associated with cockscomb oyster Lopha cristagalli (Linnaeus, 1758) (Bivalvia, Ostreidae) is described from Lizard Island, the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia. The new genus is presently monotypic and can be distinguished from all known Indo-West Pacific bivalve-associated pontoniine shrimps by smooth body, the absence of antennal and hepatic teeth on carapace, the presence of three pairs of dorsal submarginal spines on telson and only two pairs of posterior telson spines, short and robust equal pereiopods II, simple dactyli of ambulatory pereiopods and short uropodal exopod without movable spine at its distolateral angle.
Revision of Anoreina Bates (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: MACHADO VANESSA S. , MONNÉ MARCELA L.
Published: February 2019

A taxonomic revision of the genus Anoreina Bates, 1861, based on detailed study of the morphology of type species and the external morphology and terminalia of others, is presented. A new synonymy is proposed: A. pinimaiuba Martins & Galileo, 2008 = Oreodera simplex Bates, 1861. Anoreina helenae sp. nov. and A. roosevelti sp. nov. are described from Brazil. An identification key and distribution map of the seven species are provided.
Revision of Heterococcopsis Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae), with description of a new genus with two new species from Turkey
Authors: KAYDAN M. BORA
Published: February 2019

The genus Heterococcopsis Borchsenius is revised. Heterococcopsis opertus Borchsenius is transferred to a new genus Heterobrevennia Kaydan gen. nov. and the adult females of two new species belonging to Heterobrevinnia are described: H. gullanae Kaydan spec. nov. and H. kozari Kaydan spec. nov. Heterococcopsis desertus Bazarov & Nurmamatov is transferred to the genus Phenacoccus Cockerell.
A remarkable new genus of Nirvanini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Evacanthinae) from Southeast Asia
Authors: DIETRICH C. H.
Published: February 2019

Draconirvana, gen. n., is described and illustrated based on a single new species D. siamensis, from Thailand. The new genus is morphologically intermediate between Evacanthini and Nirvanini but is placed in the latter tribe based on its depressed form and the incomplete longitudinal carina on the face.
Erratum: PHAN, Q.T. & HÄMÄLÄINEN, M. (2011) Matrona taoi spec. nov., a new damselfly species from northern Vietnam (Odonata: Calopterygidae). Zootaxa, 2927, 63–68.
Authors: PHAN Q. T. , HÄMÄLÄINEN M.
Published: February 2019

(Erratum)
Oribatella (Acari, Oribatida, Oribatellidae) of eastern North America
Authors: BEHAN-PELLETIER VALERIE M.
Published: February 2019

The oribatid mite genus Oribatella (Oribatellidae) includes 107 species worldwide, with 13 species reported for eastern North America. Herein, I describe six new Oribatella species from eastern North America: O. flagellata sp. nov., O. jacoti sp. nov., O. nortoni sp. nov., O. metzi sp. nov., O. texana sp. nov., and O. transtriata sp. nov. Oribatella metzi and O. nortoni are described on the basis of adults and immatures. The deutonymph and tritonymph of O. metzi lack dorsocentral setae dm and dp, and the diagnosis of the genus is expanded to accommodate these newly described immatures, and also newly described adult characters. I provide expanded, detailed diagnoses for previously described species of eastern North America: Oribatella arctica Thor, 1930, O. brevicornuta Jacot, 1934, O. dentaticuspis Ewing, 1910, O. gigantea Berlese, 1916, O. mediocris Berlese, 1916, O. minuta Banks, 1896, O. plummeri Jacot, 1934, O. pusilla Berlese, 1916, O. quadridentata Banks, 1895, O. reticulata Berlese, 1916, O. reticulatoides Hammer, 1955 and provide new distribution records where available. I question the specific status of O. extensa Jacot, 1934, and consider records of O. sexdentata Berlese, 1916 from eastern North America to be doubtful. Oribatella quadricornuta (Michael, 1880) is confirmed to occur in eastern Canada. Finally, I give a key to adults of the 18 species of Oribatella now known from eastern North America.
A new species of Ceratosticha Meyrick, 1935 (Lepidoptera: Psychidae) from Korea
Authors: ROH SEUNG JIN , SHIN YOUNG-MIN , BYUN BONG-KYU
Published: February 2019

Ceratosticha lineata Roh & Byun, sp. n., is described from Korea. Adults, genitalia, and larvae of the species are described, and DNA barcodes are provided.
Review of the subgenus Tachycines (Gymnaeta) Adelung, 1902 (Orthoptera, Rhaphidophoridae, Aemodogryllinae, Aemodogryllini)
Authors: QIN YANYAN , LIU XIANWEI , LI KAI
Published: February 2019

In this work, ten new species of Tachycines (Gymnaeta) are identified and described from China: Tachycines (Gymnaeta) parvus sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) lushuicus sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) yueyangensis sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) lii sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) dianxicus sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) pallidus sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) dispar sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) verus sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) vicinus sp. nov., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) maoershanensis sp. nov.. Two subspecies of Gorochov et al. (2006): T. (G.) ferecaecus ferecaecus (Gorochov, Rampini & Di Russo, 2006) and T. (G.) ferecaecus proximus (Gorochov, Rampini & Di Russo, 2006) are elevated as two independent valid species. Also two subspecies of Gorochov (2010): T. (G.) sichuanus sichuanus (Gorochov, 2010) and T. (G.) sichuanus altimontanus (Gorochov, 2010) can be elevated as two independent species. Three synonyms: Tachycines (Gymnaeta) tianmushanensis Liu & Zhang, 2001 syn. n., Tachycines (Gymnaeta) improvisus (Gorochov, 2010) syn. n. and T. (G.) aspes (Rampini, Di Russo & Cobolli, 2008) syn. n. are proposed. A new combination Eutachycines crenatus (Gorochov, Rampini & Di Russo, 2006) comb. nov. is involved. A key to the species of Tachycines (Gymnaeta) is provided.
A new voice from Sardinia: Uromenus annae (Targioni-Tozzetti, 1881 (Insecta: Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Bradyporinae: Ephippigerini)
Authors: BUZZETTI FILIPPO MARIA , BRIZIO CESARE , FONTANA PAOLO , MASSA BRUNO
Published: February 2019

Recent findings of the Sardinian endemic Bushcricket Uromenus annae (Targioni Tozzetti, 1881) allowed the authors to retrace the nomenclatorial history of the species. The rearing of living specimens resulted in the recording of the male song, previously unknown. Since the Neotype previously established by Fontana & Buzzetti (2001) is lost, a new Neotype is here designated. Affinities with other congeneric species are discussed.
First record of four Pasiphaea Savigny, 1816 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pasiphaeidae) species from the southwestern Atlantic
Authors: RODRIGUES THAIANA G. A. , CARDOSO IRENE A.
Published: February 2019

New records of Pasiphaea from the Southwestern Atlantic are reported. The material was sampled during the oceanographic projects REVIZEE and HABITATS and four species were collected: Pasiphaea alcocki (Wood-Mason, 1891); P. major Hayashi, 2006; P. taiwanica Komai et al., 2012 and P. tarda Krøyer, 1845. An identification key for the seven currently reported species of southwestern Atlantic Pasiphaea is provided.
Nine new Agrilus (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Agrilini) from Palaearctic and Oriental regions
Authors: JENDEK EDUARD , NAKLÁDAL OTO
Published: February 2019

Nine new Agrilus from the Palaearctic and Oriental regions are described and illustrated: Agrilus baiocchii sp. nov. (India, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand); A. baiyangling sp. nov. (China: Shaanxi); A. gorgan sp. nov. (Iran); A. graminis persicus ssp. nov. (Iran); A. iranopecirkai sp. nov. (Iran); A. muralis sp. nov. (China: Beijing); A. mus sp. nov. (Turkey); A. ressli sp. nov. (Iran); A. uzala sp. nov. (Russia: Primorye). The distributional range of A. araxenus Yablokov Khnzoryan, 1960 is updated.
A Toy Model for the Response of the Residual Overturning Circulation to Surface Warming
Authors: Jansen Malte F. , Nadeau Louis-Philippe
Published: February 2019

A simple model for the deep-ocean overturning circulation is presented and applied to study the ocean’s response to a sudden surface warming. The model combines one-dimensional predictive residual advection–diffusion equations for the buoyancy in the basin and Southern Ocean surface mixed layer with diagnostic relationships for the residual overturning circulation between these regions. Despite its simplicity, the model reproduces the results from idealized general circulation model simulations and provides theoretical insights into the mechanisms that govern the response of the overturning circulation to an abrupt surface warming. Specifically, the model reproduces a rapid shoaling and weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) in response to surface warming, followed by a partial recovery over the following decades to centuries, and a full recovery after multiple millennia. The rapid partial recovery is associated with adjustment of the lower thermocline, which itself is shown to be accelerated by the weakened AMOC. Full equilibration instead requires adjustment of the abyssal buoyancy, which is shown to be governed by diapycnal diffusion and surface fluxes around Antarctica.
Navigating Mental Models of Risk and Uncertainty within the Ocean Forecast System: An Oregon Case Study
Authors: Kuonen Jessica , Conway Flaxen , Strub Ted
Published: February 2019

This case study explores how to add value to regional ocean condition forecast information by bringing awareness to the processes that govern decision-making and outcomes within the system. A modified mental models research approach is applied to examine differences and similarities in perceptions of risk and comfort with uncertainty between two interdependent communities, the ocean “data provider” and “end user,” and how these perceptions impact accessibility and usefulness of data products. In this study, data providers are academic and agency scientists from institutions that provide ocean condition forecasts to public end users (n = 17). End users are members of the Oregon commercial-fishing community (n = 16). Comparisons reveal key differences and similarities related to the nature of each profession that impact perceptions of scale in time and space and reveal the ways that cumulative and intersecting risks and uncertainties act as key drivers in decision-making. Implications for expanding the current understanding of how ocean forecasts are produced and used include 1) highlighting the value of optimizing ocean forecast delivery tools based on end-user needs and information-seeking processes already in place, 2) identifying structural and cultural barriers within the data-provider network that prevent them from doing so, and 3) demonstrating the value of learning about both producers and users of scientific information and suggesting potential ways to structure cooperation and strengthen relationships between them by working toward a common desired outcome.
Standards, instructional objectives and curriculum design: A complex relationship
Authors: Gamson David A. , Eckert Sarah Anne , Anderson Jeremy
Published: February 2019

Since the beginning of U.S. public school systems, educators and policy makers have debated what kinds of knowledge and skills that all schoolchildren should acquire. And those debates touch every aspect of a curriculum, its assessment, and its instructional materials. David A. Gamson, Sarah Anne Eckert, and Jeremy Anderson trace the history of standards and objectives in U.S. education, noting areas of controversy and debate related to the uses and possible abuses of curricular standards. Their survey raises questions and cautions for today’s reformers to consider when rethinking curricula.
Toward more effective data use in teaching
Authors: McDonald Joseph P.
Published: February 2019

Joseph P. McDonald reports findings from a study of nine poverty-impacted schools in New York City striving to more effectively use student performance data in teaching. The study was one of 13 studies of data use at the classroom level across the United States funded by the Spencer Foundation -- an effort intended to fill a serious gap in research evidence on this policy-championed innovation. The article illuminates components of data use systems most associated with success in boosting student learning. It concludes that this sensible but complicated innovation can likely not be implemented well without distributed on-site leadership that includes teachers.
Borrowed identities: Class(ification), inequality and the role of credit-debt in class making and struggle
Authors: Sparkes Matthew
Published: February 2019

Class analysis has re-emerged as a pertinent area of enquiry. This development is linked to a growing body of work dubbed cultural class analysis, that utilises Bourdieu’s class scheme to develop rich understandings of how culture and lifestyle interacts with economic and social relations in Britain, generating inequalities and hierarchies. Yet cultural class analyses do not properly account for the way individuals resist their relative class positions, nor the role of unsecured credit in facilitating consumption. This article contributes to this area by examining how unsecured credit and problem debt influences consumption and class position amongst individuals with modest incomes. Drawing on 21 interviews with individuals managing problem debt, this article details how class inequality emerges through affective states that include anxiety and feelings of deficit. It also shows how these experiences motivate participants to rely on unsecured credit to consume cultural goods and engage in activities in a struggle against their class position, with the intention of enhancing how they are perceived and classified by others. The findings indicate that cultural class analyses may have overlooked the symbolic importance of mundane consumption and goods in social differentiation. This article further details how these processes entangle individuals into complex liens of debt – which lead to over-indebtedness, default, dispossession and financial expropriation – illustrating how investigations of credit-debt can better inform understandings of class inequality, exploitation and struggle.
Water governance in decentralising urban Indonesia
Authors: Rahayu Paramita , Woltjer Johan , Firman Tommy
Published: February 2019

Under new democratic regimes in the countries of the Global South, governance innovation is often found at the regional level. This article, using the concept of institutional capacity, shows that powerful efforts affecting regional water resource coordination emerge locally. The article analyses fresh water cooperation in the urban region of Cirebon, Indonesia. It is shown that the city and its surrounding regions in decentralising Indonesia show signs of increasing institutional capacity between local actors. An informal approach and discretionary local decision-making, influenced by the logic of appropriateness and tolerance, are influential. At the same time, these capacities are compromised by significant inequality and a unilateral control of water resources, and they are being challenged by a strong authoritarian political culture inherited from a history of centralised government. The article points to the need to establish greater opportunities for water governance at the regional level to transcend inter-local rivalry, and thus improve decentralised institutional capacity further.
The Regulatory Failure to Define Essential Health Benefits
Authors: Monahan Amy B.
Published: February 2019

Basic principles of economics suggest that health insurers should seek to avoid covering sick individuals and attempt to minimize the amount they have to spend if, despite the insurer's best efforts, such individuals enroll in coverage. The drafters of the Affordable Care Act recognized this natural tendency of insurers and put in place multiple provisions aimed at avoiding such behavior. One such tool was the requirement that all health insurers in the individual and small group markets cover an identical, comprehensive set of benefits known as the Essential Health Benefits (“EHBs”). EHBs were designed to ensure that consumers are able to access comprehensive coverage, but also to prevent insurers from trying to avoid high-risk enrollees by designing plans that appeal only to the healthy. Congress did not, however, statutorily define the full package of benefits, instead delegating primary authority for that task to the Department of Health & Human Services (“HHS”). This article argues that HHS has implemented the EHB requirements in a manner that appears structurally incapable of achieving the goals of the statute. By utilizing a vague definition of benefits, allowing benefit substitutions, and failing to limit use of service-level selection tools, HHS has permitted insurers to compete for low-risk insureds, avoid paying for certain high-cost treatments, and prevented consumers from making fully informed purchasing decisions.
Endoscopic Medialization Middle Turbinoplasty in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery
Authors: Rebeiz Elie , Smith Mihaela
Published: February 2019

Recurrence of sinonasal disease can be caused by many factors, including lateralization of the middle turbinate as a complication of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Different ESS procedures have been tried to prevent this complication. We conducted a prospective study to determine if medialization is an effective means of lateralizing the middle turbinate. Our study population was made up of 142 adults who underwent ESS from July 2013 through December 2014. A total of 235 sides were operated on; the middle turbinate was medialized in 90 patients (145 sides) and not medialized in 52 patients (90 sides). Follow-up ranged from 6 to 12 months. At 3 months postoperatively, the middle turbinate position was satisfactory on 210 sides (89%) and remained lateralized on the other 25 (11%). Among the latter, the turbinate obstructed the middle meatus in 16 patients and did not obstruct it in 9 patients. The 16 patients with obstruction required revision in the form of either a partial or complete turbinectomy, depending on the severity of the scarring. No complications were associated with middle turbinate medialization. We conclude that medialization middle turbinoplasty is an effective solution to a problem faced by many sinus surgeons. It is safe, quick, and easy to perform, and it is associated with minimal morbidity without adding to cost. It provides postoperative access to the ethmoid sinuses for debridement, and it reduces the risk of middle meatal stricture.
Evaluation of Bendable Surgical Suction Devices Made of Shape-Memory Alloy for the Endonasal Transsphenoid Removal of Pituitary Tumors
Authors: Grunert Ronny , Klietz Sandra , Gardner Paul A. , Fernandez-Miranda Juan C. , Snyderman Carl H.
Published: February 2019

In minimally invasive surgeries, it can be difficult to reach desired anatomic areas with rigid instruments, especially when obstacles are present in the surgical corridor (e.g., during transnasal pituitary surgery). We developed a new kind of suction device constructed of the shape-memory alloy Nitinol (nickel titanium), which is adaptable to a patient's specific anatomy. Use of this device minimizes surgical risks by allowing physicians to use an endonasal transsphenoid approach. The suction device, which is equipped with a cannula made of the shape-memory alloy, was planned and manufactured with three different handpiece designs. Experienced pituitary surgeons tested the prototypes in human cadaver skulls and rated the devices on specific questionnaires. The results of their evaluation indicate that this device is a suitable tool for improving the surgical procedure. Its potential benefits include a more effective surgery and reductions in the risk of injury, the duration of surgery, and costs.
Trends in Liver and Skin Tumor Prevalence in Brown Bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the Anacostia River, Washington, DC, and Nearby Waters
Authors: Pinkney Alfred E. , Harshbarger John C. , Rutter Michael A. , Sakaris Peter C.
Published: February 2019

The prevalence of liver and skin tumors in brown bullhead ( Ameiurus nebulosus) from the Anacostia River (Washington, DC) and nearby areas was determined in 2014, 2015, and 2016. The objectives were to (1) compare tumor prevalence across space and time; (2) analyze the 1992–2016 Chesapeake Bay Tumor Database to identify reference locations and test age, length, weight, and sex as covariates; and (3) explore whether changes in bullhead exposure to contaminants can explain the observed trends. With logistic regression, we reported large statistically significant decreases in liver tumor probabilities in bullheads from the Anacostia CSX Bridge (ANAC) area between 1996 and 2001 (merged: female, 77.8%; male, 48.6%), 2009 to 2011 (female, 42.5%; male, 16.6%), and 2014 to 2016 (female, 18.0%; male, 5.7%). Skin tumors decreased by a factor of six in both females and males. Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC) initiate liver neoplasms and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and DDT compounds are promoters. The causes of skin tumors in bullhead are uncertain. Biomarker and tissue data show decreases in PAC-DNA adducts and PCB and DDT contamination in ANAC bullheads. It is likely that the decreased liver tumor prevalence is associated with decreased exposure to these contaminants.
Multi-phase coronary magnetic resonance angiography improves delineation of coronary arteries
Authors: Zitzelsberger Tanja , Krumm Patrick , Hornung Andreas , Kramer Ulrich , Nikolaou Konstantin , Schäfer Jürgen F , Schick Fritz , Sieverding Ludger , Martirosian Petros
Published: February 2019

Background

Coronary artery magnetic resonance angiography (CMRA) is a robust tool for delineation of the coronary artery anatomy. In order to overcome the issue of visual delineation of the quietest heart phase, we implemented a new three-dimensional (3D) multi-phase whole-heart CMRA.

Purpose

To evaluate the 3D multi-phase whole-heart CMRA technique for depiction of the coronary arteries and simultaneous assessment of cardiac function.

Material and Methods

Ten healthy volunteers were included in a prospective study comprising 3D whole-heart CMRA with multiple-phase acquisition on 1.5-T MR. As a reference for coronary artery imaging, single-phase CMRA was performed. Furthermore, two-dimensional SSFP imaging was performed for functional assessment. Vessel sharpness (VS) was rated on a 5-point Likert scale (5 = best) and ventricular volumes were assessed in respective sequences.

Results

VS scores were rated higher in multi-phase compared to single-phase CMRA: mean VS of the RCA was 4.6 ± 0.52 in multi-phase and 3.6 ± 1.17 in single-phase CMRA (z = –2.232, P = 0.031). Mean VS of the LM was 4.2 ± 0.79 vs. 3.7 ± 0.82 (z = –2.236, P = 0.063), of the LCX was 3.8 ± 1.03 vs. 3.4 ± 1.01 (z = –1.265, P = 0.359), and of the LAD was 3.9 ± 0.59 vs. 3.9 ± 0.32 (z = 0, P = 1.00). In functional assessment, the mean difference between multi-phase CMRA and two-dimensional SSFP imaging for assessing the end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle (LV-EDV) was –0.38% (95% CI -2.41–1.64) and for the right ventricular EDV –0.28 (95% CI -3.51–2.96).

Conclusion

The 3D multi-phase CMRA approach allows a time efficient depiction of the coronary arteries and a coeval functional assessment, with an improved vessel sharpness of the coronaries.
Common feline problem behaviors: Destructive scratching
Authors: DePorter Theresa L , Elzerman Ashley L
Published: February 2019

Practical relevance:

While scratching is a normal, beneficial behavior for cats, it can create problems when cats scratch objects owners deem as inappropriate. However, if veterinarians make suitable recommendations from the first veterinary visit, owners will be able to implement effective preventive strategies to develop good scratching patterns for life. Educating owners as to why cats scratch, how to guide cats to scratch only on desirable surfaces (ie, a scratching post), which types of scratching posts are preferred by most cats, the benefits of pheromone products, as well as other strategies to avoid destructive scratching, helps to preserve the cat–owner bond and reduces the risk of relinquishment.

Clinical challenges:

Clients may not directly ask veterinarians for their assistance regarding their cat’s destructive scratching, and may not be aware that anything can be done except for declawing their cat.

Evidence base:

Published studies on scratching are limited. Destructive scratching has been documented as a reason for the relinquishment of cats to shelters and the negative effects of declaw surgeries are being increasingly discovered. Among recent scientific publications are studies assessing kitten and cat preferences for scratching substrates, and the use of pheromones to encourage appropriate scratching behavior. This review draws on these studies, among other resources, as well as the authors’ personal experiences.
Integration of value stream mapping with DMAIC for concurrent Lean-Kaizen: A case study on an air-conditioner assembly line
Authors: Guo Wei , Jiang Pingyu , Xu Lei , Peng Guangzhou
Published: February 2019

This article proposes a new model for concurrent Lean-Kaizen based on the Lean production thinking. According to the concept and application scenarios of value stream mapping and DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control), we proposed an integrated VSM-DMAIC by adopting their advantages and avoiding their disadvantages. The VSM-DMAIC model is applied to tackle the production problems on production line. Value stream mapping is used to identify the production problems during production processes by waste identification. Then, the production problems are clustered into different production problem sets according to the changed types of production resources while solving production problems. The data envelopment analysis method is used to rank the production problems by input–output ratio, and the most important production problem in each set can be the concurrent Lean-Kaizen. DMAIC provides a structured problem-solving method for production problems. Finally, the production problems and production problem sets will be reassessed for the next concurrent Lean-Kaizen. A case study of an air-conditioner assembly line verified the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed VSM-DMAIC model, which can be used to improve the economic benefits and decrease the waste of production line.
Evaluating the performance of biomass gasification based combined cooling, heating, and power system operated under different operating strategies
Authors: Jie Pengfei , Wei Fengjun , Zhang Fenghe , Li Jing
Published: February 2019

Compared with biomass combustion and biogas technology, biomass gasification based combined cooling, heating, and power (BGBCCHP) system provides an opportunity for better using biomass energy. Three operating strategies (following the thermal load, following the electric load, and following the hybrid electric–thermal load) were investigated. The economic, energetic, and environmental performance of a BGBCCHP system operated under the above three operating strategies were evaluated, respectively. Annual total cost, annual primary energy consumption, annual primary energy ratio, and annual carbon dioxide emissions were used as evaluation criteria. The integrated performance was analyzed by introducing a reference separation production system. A BGBCCHP system for a seven-story office building built in Beijing, China, was used as the case study. Results showed that following the hybrid electric–thermal load yielded the best economic and energetic performance, and following the electric load yielded the best environmental performance. The BGBCCHP system under following the thermal load achieved the worst economic and environmental performance, and the BGBCCHP system under following the electric load achieved the worst energetic performance. Furthermore, following the hybrid electric–thermal load yielded the best integrated performance, while following the thermal load yielded the worst integrated performance. Finally, calculation results indicated that BGBCCHP system was superior to reference separation production system from the environmental perspective.
Three-dimensional multi-robot control to chase a target while not being observed
Authors: Kim Jonghoek
Published: February 2019

This article introduces a 3-D multi-robot chasing controller to make a team of robots get closer to a target while not being observed by the target. Assume that the target has sensors, such as radar or sonar, to observe an incoming vehicle. In the team, one robot, the leader, has a stealth capability such that it is not observable by the sensors of the target while getting closer to the target. The leader is controlled such that it chases the target while remaining at the same bearing line from the target to the leader. Considering the case in which the target can only measure optical flow, the target can hardly observe the leader’s motion. We control every robot, other than the leader, such that a detection pulse signal generated from the target’s sensor reaches no robot, since the signal is attenuated by the stealth leader. In this manner, even if multiple robots approach the target, the target observes no robot. We prove that under our 3-D multi-agent control with some condition satisfied, multiple robots can approach the target in a stealthy manner while avoiding colliding with each other. In this article, we use simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of our 3-D multi-agent controller.