bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fourfold Female: Birgithe Kühle’s Pioneer Norwegian Journal Provincial-Lecture (1794) and Her European Book Collection
Authors: Sørbø Marie Nedregotten
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on Birgithe Kühle (1762‒1832), editor of the weekly journal Provincial-Lecture [Provincial Reading] (1794) and the first known female periodical editor in Denmark-Norway. The article discusses her editorial strategies and sources and assesses her dependency on contemporary and past European culture. It also considers the presence of provincial versus central Western European influences, and of male versus female authors in a double decentring of late-eighteenth-century cultural perspectives. It does so by examining the four roles of editor, translator, book owner, and printer-publisher underpinning the production of the periodical, all adopted by women and all but one undertaken by Kühle herself.
Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit and Ster (1895–97, 1907–14): Editing at the Service of Polish Women’s Rights
Authors: Walczyna Alicja
Published: July 2021

In this article, I focus on the Polish editor, publisher, and women’s rights activist Paulina Kuczalska-Reinschmit (1859–1921) and Ster [Helm] (1895–97, 1907–14). I first discusses the major elements of Kuczalska-Reinschmit’s biography and her motivation to establish her own magazine. In the second part, I move on to a discussion of her progressive ideas about women’s educational and economic emancipation and an analysis of selected articles in the first series of Ster, which was published in Lviv from 1895 to 1897. Editing Ster enabled Kuczalska-Reinschmit to gathered prominent intellectual figures in the fight for gender equality and women’s rights. Among the successes of her editorial project was the reform of female gymnasiums, which was strongly supported by Ster’s circle.
Review of Andrea Chiurato, ed., The Last Avant- Garde: Alternative and Anti-Establishment Reviews (1970–1979) (2019)
Authors: Darnbrough Leanne Rae
Published: July 2021

Review of Andrea Chiurato, ed., The Last Avant-Garde: Alternative and Anti-Establishment Reviews (1970–1979) (2019)
Review of Victoria Bazin, Modernism Edited: Marianne Moore and the Dial Magazine (2019)
Authors: Brinkman Bartholomew
Published: July 2021

Review of Victoria Bazin, Modernism Edited: Marianne Moore and the Dial Magazine (2019)
Characterization of mechanical properties in weld metal using inverse modelling
Authors: Beddeleem J. , De Waele W. , Hertelé S. , Verstraete M. , Van Minnebruggen K.
Published: July 2021

Nowadays, more oil and gas transportation pipelines are constructed in areas with permafrost and/or higherseismic activity. These pipelines can be subjected to longitudinal plastic deformations necessitating a strainbased design. Since girth- and seam welds are critical in terms of structural integrity, it is desirable to knowtheir mechanical properties. In a strain based design context, the accurate determination of yield strengthand hardening are necessary. A longitudinally extracted (is parallel to the pipe axis) specimen notched atthe weld region and loaded in tension, in combination with inverse modelling is assumed to be a valuabletool to determine these properties. This notched cross weld test ensures that the largest deformations willoccur at the weld, thereby allowing to fully determine the stress-strain behaviour of the weld metal. Inversemodelling combines experimental full-field strain data with numerical simulations to determine theconstitutive parameters. Strains will be measured experimentally and compared with simulated data. Byminimizing their difference, i.e. a certain cost function, a correspondence is found and the desiredparameters are determined. This paper focuses on one aspect of the inverse modelling framework, thedevelopment of the parametric finite element model.
Influence and evaluation of constraint on fracture toughness in pipeline research
Authors: Verstraete Matthias , Hertelé Stijn , De Waele Wim , Denys Rudi
Published: July 2021

Accessing nowadays fossil fuel reserves requires a strain-based design approach. Within suchdesign, the ductile tearing resistance is a key parameter in assessing the defect tolerance. To determinethis tearing resistance, full scale (pressurized) tests can be performed. However, such approach would becostly and time consuming. Consequently, effort is made to select appropriate small scale test specimens.Most research has focused so far on the single edge notch bend (SENB) and tensile (SENT) specimen. Toevaluate the suitability of these test specimens, the crack tip stress fields can be examined or theresistance curves compared with full scale structures. This paper aims at comparing the trends observedusing these techniques. Furthermore, the suitability of the small scale test specimens is evaluated. It isconcluded that sufficiently long (length-to-width ratio equal to ten) clamped SENT specimens have thepotential to predict the tearing resistance of full scale pipes. In addition, the internal pressure does notsignificantly affect the fracture toughness. These conclusions are stated by both experimental results andfinite element simulations.
Evaluation and instrumentation of the drop weight tear test
Authors: Vervaet S. , De Waele W.
Published: July 2021

With the use of high strength and high toughness steels in the pipeline industry it has become necessary tobetter understand the factors which influence the reliability and integrity of oil and natural gas pipelines. TheDrop-Weight Tear Test (DWTT) is a common test method to determine the fracture appearance andfracture ductility of steel. Its fundamental purpose is to determine the appearance of propagating fracturesin steels over the temperature range where the fracture mode changes from brittle to ductile. But there arestill many subjects of discussion concerning which results must be obtained, in which manner they shouldbe obtained and how they should be interpreted. Is it still possible to deduce a shear appearance fromsamples which have such an abnormal fracture that they used to be discarded as invalid ? Could resultsfrom the DWTT be correlated with the Crack Tip Opening Angle (CTOA), which is particularly important forfinite element modelling ? What to think about methods such as the two specimen CTOA and the simplifiedsingle specimen method ? How severe is the effect of tunnelling in contemporary linepipe steels and howcan this be dealt with ? Many questions still remain and many aspects are still vague despite the correlatingecological, economical and safety issues. Therefore, there is a major necessity for further investigations.
Design of a non-linear vibration absorber
Authors: Geeroms M. , Marijns M. , Loccufier M. , Aeyels D.
Published: July 2021

Linear vibration absorbers can only capture certain discrete frequencies. Therefore the useof nonlinear vibration absorbers which can capture a whole range of frequencies is investigated asan alternative. Such a nonlinear vibration absorber has some special characteristics. For examplethere is a certain frequency-energy dependence. To investigate nonlinear dynamical systems thereis a need for new methods. The harmonic balance method is such a method and is discussed. Theidea is to substitute a Fourier series expansion of the solution variables into the system equations and’balance’ them. Furthermore two realisations of a nonlinear energy sink as an example of a nonlinearvibration absorber are discussed. One based on the restoring force in a wire, the other one by forcinga linear spring to follow a certain path. As will be discussed, an analog principle can be used for therealisation of a Duffing type of nonlinear absorber.
Tribology research of the turned zirconium-dioxide ceramics
Authors: Fledrich G. , Keresztes R. , Zsidai L.
Published: July 2021

The zirconium dioxide as basic material is suitable to machine by tool with regular edge derivingfrom lower ceramic hardness and from other characteristics so in case of piece production or small – andmedium series production, at quick prototype production can become potential material alike. The aims tocompare the arising frictional characteristics in case of dry friction condition in case of ceramic – steelsurface pairs machined with different sets. We have developed for an equipment to carry out tribologicaltests. During the test we pressure the steel counter face with determined normal direction force thecasing surface of the rotating ceramic specimen and in the meantime we measure the value of the frictionforce with force meter cell. We have calculated the friction coefficient characterizing the system from thenormal direction force and the friction force as well as we measured the wear of the steel specimen andits deformation.
Torque resistance of joints made by magnetic pulse crimping
Authors: Bogaert D. , De Waele W. , Faes K. , Zaitov O.
Published: July 2021

The possibility to use strong electromagnetic pulses to plastically deform electrically conductivematerials has been known for several decades. Despite its energy-efficiency and potential cost-efficiency,wide-spread use of the technology on an industrial level hasn’t been reached. As recently shown bySchäfer and Pasquale [1], more research towards industrial applicability is being conducted. This thesis willexperimentally investigate the feasibility of realizing torsion resistant tube joints manufactured by magneticpulse crimping. To get acquainted with the subject, first a literature study was performed. The generalprinciples of the electromagnetic pulse technology were studied. Differences between the widelyinvestigated welding technology and less documented crimping technology were obtained. Through theresults of earlier work [2] on crimping of tubes to obtain axial strength, it became clear that the crimpingprocess requires an optimization of geometrical parameters of the workpieces. This optimization isconsidered the main focal point of this thesis.
‘How it all turned out alright’: Autofiction as Memory Form in Irena Dousková’s Novels about Childhood and Youth in Post-1968 Czechoslovakia
Authors: Tippner Anja
Published: July 2021

Autofictions and memoirs about growing up in late socialism have proliferated in Czech as well as in other postsocialist Eastern European literatures. These retrospective texts are often tinged with nostalgia and infused with irony and humour. Two of the most popular texts of this genre in the Czech Republic are Irena Dousková’s autofictional books Hrdý Budžes [B. Proudew] and Oněgin byl Rusák [Onegin Was a Rusky]. The Czech author writes about growing-up in a non-conformist family dealing with everyday life in socialist Czechoslovakia. After discussing Dousková’s books as autofiction the article will take a closer look at the poetics of childhood autofictions and their contribution to cultures of remembering socialism in comparison to autobiographies. It will discuss the ways how writing about childhood creates a specific socialist identity through scarcity, ingenuity, and working with/against restraints and the way humour is used to transmit difficult memories.
Migrating Objects and Wanderers between Worlds: Cosmopolitan Selves in Edmund de Waal’s The Hare with Amber Eyes
Authors: Kilian Eveline
Published: July 2021

Edmund de Waal‘s widely acclaimed family memoir The Hare with Amber Eyes (2010) is a hybrid text that fuses biography, autobiography and the biography of objects and interlaces these with critical reflections on art, transnationality, cross-cultural communication and the development of cosmopolitan identities. This article examines the central role of the collection of netsuke synecdochally evoked in the book’s title that not only provides the pivotal structural element but also the major conceptual focus of the text. I argue that this idiosyncratic gravitational centre effects the permeability of generic boundaries by establishing an intricate relationality between the narrative’s different protagonists, who continuously decentre and reconfigure each other. Moreover, the art objects’ own history of migration and multiple belonging becomes a blueprint for de Waal’s construction of his Jewish ancestors’ highly mobile and cosmopolitan selves, which sidesteps the narrowly circumscribed vision of national or religious identities. The full extent of these connections is revealed through an examination of the author’s artistic vision, his ceramic art and art criticism. Finally, I will read The Hare with Amber Eyes as an act of restitution in a two-fold sense: as an attempt to undo the politically motivated erasure of some of his ancestors’ traces and as a historical reminder of lived forms of cosmopolitanism that can speak to contemporary debates around globalisation and migration.
Development student worksheets based question, read, reflect, recite, review (PQ4R) to improve creatives thinking skills
Authors: Wulandari Oktri , Pujiati Pujiati , Subakti Arwin
Published: July 2021

This research and development aims to develop student worksheet based on proper preview, question, read, reflect, recite, review (PQ4R) (valid, practical and effective). This development research uses the Borg & Gall design which consists of 10 steps. At this research stage, it only uses 5 steps and is divided into three stages. The first stage is preliminary, at this stage it is used to take initial data and review the curriculum, then in the second stage of planning and development, at this stage it is used to design student worksheet, design student worksheet, and make student worksheet. At this stage the student worksheet product is produced. The third stage is the field test stage, at this stage it is used to test practicality and effectiveness. The population in this study were elementary schools in the Rose Cluster, Kotabumi Kota District, North Lampung Regency. The sample of this research was grade IV Students. Data collection techniques are observation, expert validation sheets, documentation, and questionnaires. The results of research and development, namely student worksheet based on PQ4R are very suitable for use as teaching materials in grade IV learning based on the results of the assessment of material experts 85.5 (very good), media experts 92.0 (very good), language experts 93.3 (very good ), and the practitioner test got an average value of 83.5 (very good). The results of the n-gain test showed that the student worksheet based PQ4R used was effective with a value of 0.47.
Exploring the alternative assessment on Mathematical instruction in an era of uncertainty
Authors: Mahmud Muhammad Naim , Retnawati Heri , Yusron Eri , Rachmayanti Elita
Published: July 2021

The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in education has caused the learning curriculum to experience replication. Not only in delivering learning material, but replication also occurs in the learning assessment process. Teachers are required to be able to carry out an objective assessment of learning in all subjects. This study aims to determine teacher difficulties and explore alternative assessments used by teachers in mathematics learning in the pandemic era. This research is a qualitative study using an exploratory study approach that aims to deepen the study of research objectives that focus on constraint and alternative phenomena in assessing mathematics learning in elementary schools. The instrument used has been validated by experts and got the value of the coefficient Aiken = 0,742 this shows that the instrument used is valid and in the good category. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires for teachers and field observations in the online learning process. Data analysis was carried out by using descriptive techniques from the findings of the questionnaire and observation instruments. This study's results reveal that the teacher finds it difficult to provide an objective assessment of learning, and the alternative assessment of mathematics learning used is digital learning assessment and structured assignments to parent representatives in each zoning. Future research is expected to develop assessment instruments that can facilitate online learning assessments in the pandemic era.
Developing a Math Textbook using realistic Mathematics Education Approach to increase elementary students’ learning motivation
Authors: Alim Jesi Alexander , Hermita Neni , Alim Melvi Lesmana , Wijaya Tommy Tanu , Pereira Jerito
Published: July 2021

This study aims to develop an appropriate and practical math textbook in the unit of the Least Common Multiple (LCM) and the Greatest Common Divisor (GCD) using Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) in order to increase elementary students’ learning motivation. This is a Research and Development (RnD) type of study with the Plomp model. A mathematician and a teacher assessed the validity of the textbook. The practicality of the textbook was assessed by two teachers and 15 students using questionnaires. The students' motivation was assessed by the students using questionnaires as well. The results showed that the textbook was appropriate with an average of 83.32%, the respondent results from the students’ views were practical with an average of 82.33% and very practical with an average of 87.6 from the teachers’ view. This study also found that the textbook increased the students’ learning motivation by 6.45%.
Communication Problems in Cases Addressed by Clinical Ethics Conferences
Authors: Shimoda Motomu
Published: July 2021

In the clinical ethics conference, individual cases are examined as problems to be addressed in a clinical setting. Various types of conflict over care policy are found in each case among the persons concerned–patients, their family members, and care providers–caused by differences of concept or practice of care, basic values, etc. Since these conflicts mostly arise in the form of communication problems, this article classifies some patterns of conversation model, analyzes the structure of the relationship among those concerned, and considers major points. By focusing on the mechanism of individual communication problems, a basic concept of the coping process is proposed.
Структурные и электрофизические свойства пленок PbS, легированных Cr-=SUP=-3+-=/SUP=- в процессе химического осаждения
Authors: Маскаева Л.Н. , Мостовщикова Е.В. , Воронин В.И. , Поздин А.В. , Селянин И.О. , Анохина И.А. , Марков В.Ф.
Published: July 2021

The evolution of the morphology, composition, structural characteristics (lattice constant, microstrains, texturing), optical and photoelectric properties of the PbS films obtained by chemical bath deposition in the presence of ammonium iodide and chromium (III) chloride at a concentration of up to 0.02 M has been studied. According to the elemental analysis by an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, the chromium content in the PbS films has a nonmonotonic dependence on the CrCl3 concentration, and the largest amount is 1.08 at%. The particle size distribution is monomodal, and the average size of the particles forming the films varies from ~ 100 to ~ 225 nm with a content of 2–6% of nanoparticles. The introduction of NH4I and CrCl3 into the reactor preserves the cubic B1 structure of lead sulfide and results in an increase in the band gap Eg by 0.16–0.20 eV, a decrease in the dark resistance Rd, and an increase in the voltage sensitivity Us. The dependences of Eg and Us on the concentration of the chromium salt in the reaction bath have an extreme character with a maximum at 0.016 M, which is associated with the nonmonotonic incorporation of chromium into the PbS lattice. The results of studying the current-voltage characteristics of thin-film PbS(I) and PbS(I, Cr) layers are in good agreement with the results of the structural, optical, and photosensitive properties.
Изменения на поверхности гофрированной платиновой фольги под нагрузкой
Authors: Бутенко П.Н. , Гиляров В.Л. , Корсуков В.Е. , Анкудинов А.В. , Князев С.А. , Корсукова М.М. , Обидов Б.А.
Published: July 2021

Исследованы изменения приповерхностных слоев гофрированных Pt-фольг, рассматриваемых в качестве мультимасштабных дифракционных решеток в процессе одноосного растяжения. Произведен анализ трансформации структуры и степени упорядоченности на разных этапах нагружения образцов, вплоть до их разрушения. С помощью концепции мультифрактального формализма предложен критерий эффективности использования данных фольг. Ключевые слова: гофрированная фольга, дифракционная решетка.
"Зародышевые" трещины на поверхности кристалла кремния
Authors: Веттегрень В.И. , Кадомцев А.Г. , Щербаков И.П. , Мамалимов Р.И. , Оганесян Г.А.
Published: July 2021

The surface (100) of a silicon crystal after cutting the workpiece with a diamond disk and subsequent polishing was studied by the methods of white light interference profilometry and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). It was found that it is covered by "grooves". Their length is 10-40 µm, and the depth is quantized. It has values-1, 2.6, 3.6 and 4.5 nm. Four bands (1.63, 1.62, 1.68 and 2.25 eV) were observed in the PL spectra. They arise due to confinement, i.e., an increasing on the band gap width and a violation of momentum of the conservation law in nanocrystals. The sizes of nanocrystals are determined from the energy of the maxima of these bands. They are equal about 2, 2.3, 3 and 4 nm. When cutting silicon or striking it with a striker, fractoluminescence (FL) signals containing 4 maxima were observed. Signals are formed when dislocations break through barriers that occur at intersections.
Влияние подложки из оксида кремния на электронные свойства и электропроводность моно- и бислойных пленок из одностенных углеродных нанотрубок типа кресло: квантово-механическое исследование
Authors: Глухова О.Е. , Петрунин А.А.
Published: July 2021

We investigate electrical properties of mono- and bilayer single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) films located on silicon oxide substrates. The substrate is a silicon dioxide crystal film characterized by a P42/mnm space group with (100) surface. The single-walled carbon nanotubes are armchair nanotubes of subnanometer diameter (4,4) and nanometer diameter (7,7). It is found that the diameter of the nanotubes is of great importance and determines the electronic properties of the film on the substrate in a large degree. Thin tubes (4,4) formed in a bilayer film (with a reciprocally perpendicular orientation relative to each other) have the least resistance. The substrate has insignificant influence on the electronic properties of such a film. Films with larger diameter tubes are characterized by a higher resistance value. It is found that the important role is played by the contact surface of the SWCNT–substrate.
О свойствах двумерных соединений AgX-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=- (X=F, Cl, Br, I)
Authors: Давыдов С.Ю.
Published: July 2021

Получены аналитические выражения для электронного и фононного спектров и электрон-фононного взаимодействия двумерных (2D) соединений MX2, где М --- атом металла, Х --- атом неметалла, образующих квадратную решетку типа 2D-CuO2. Численные оценки для семейства AgX2 показали, что все рассмотренные характеристики фтористого серебра сильно отличаются от характеристик других соединений AgX2, но близки к характеристикам 2D-CuO2. Показано, что критическая температура сверхпроводящего перехода T_c(2D CuO_2)>T_c(2D AgF_2). Ключевые слова: электронный и фононный спектры, электрон-фононное взаимодействие, критическая температура сверхпроводящего перехода.
As the COVID-19 pandemic affects the nation, hires and turnover reach record highs in 2020
Authors: Akinyooye Larry , Nezamis Eric
Published: July 2021

Data from the Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS) highlight the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the results of efforts to mitigate its spread in 2020. With the challenges of the pandemic, many of the JOLTS data elements experienced shocks early in the year before returning to previous trends. In fact, many of the data elements experienced series highs. For example, the hires level reached a series high of 8.3 million in May 2020, bouncing back from a depressed level of 3.9 million in April 2020. The total separations level, also referred as turnover, reached a series high of 16.3 million in March 2020, boosted largely by a spike in layoffs and discharges.
The VICTORY (Investigation of Inflammacheck to Measure Exhaled Breath Condensate Hydrogen Peroxide in Respiratory Conditions) Study: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Fox Lauren , Gates Jessica , De Vos Ruth , Wiffen Laura , Hicks Alexander , Rupani Hitasha , Williams Jane , Brown Thomas , Chauhan Anoop J
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

More than 7% of the world’s population is living with a chronic respiratory condition. In the United Kingdom, lung disease affects approximately 1 in 5 people, resulting in over 700,000 hospital admissions each year. People with respiratory conditions have several symptoms and can require multiple health care visits and investigations before a diagnosis is made. The tests available can be difficult to perform, especially if a person is symptomatic, leading to poor quality results. A new, easy-to-perform, point-of-care test that can be performed in any health care setting and that can differentiate between various respiratory conditions would have a significant, beneficial impact on the ability to diagnose respiratory diseases.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to use a new handheld device (Inflammacheck) in different respiratory conditions to measure the exhaled breath condensate hydrogen peroxide (EBC H2O2) and compare these results with those of healthy controls and with each other. This study also aims to determine whether the device can measure other parameters, including breath humidity, breath temperature, breath flow dynamics, and end tidal carbon dioxide.

METHODS

We will perform a single-visit, cross-sectional observational study of EBC H2O2 levels, as measured by Inflammacheck, in people with respiratory disease and volunteers with no known lung disease. Participants with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, lung cancer, bronchiectasis, pneumonia, breathing pattern disorder, and interstitial lung disease as well as volunteers with no history of lung disease will be asked to breathe into the Inflammacheck device to record their breath sample.

RESULTS

The results from this study will be available in 2022, in anticipation of COVID-19–related delays.

CONCLUSIONS

This study will investigate the EBC H2O2, as well as other exhaled breath parameters, for use as a future diagnostic tool.
The Influence of Social Distancing Behaviors and Psychosocial Factors on Physical Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cross Troy J , Isautier Jennifer M J , Morris Sarah J , Johnson Bruce D , Wheatley-Guy Courtney M , Taylor Bryan J
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic has arguably facilitated a shift toward increased sedentariness and reduced physical activity. Moreover, there is mounting evidence that mental health has also declined during the pandemic. However, it remains unknown to what extent social distancing (SD) behaviors and mental health have affected the physical activity levels of the general population.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of SD behaviors and prevailing mental health on the odds of being physically active during the early COVID-19 pandemic response.

METHODS

A total of 4819 adults (2474/4819, 51.3%, female) from the US population with a median age of 46 (IQR 35-59) completed an online survey during the early pandemic response (April-June 2020). The survey included questions on adherence to 11 SD behaviors, and validated questionnaires which assessed self-reported physical activity, depression, anxiety, and mental well-being. Respondents were categorized into 2 physical activity groups: inactive (0-599 metabolic equivalent of task [MET]-minutes/week) and active (≥600 MET-minutes/week). A logistic generalized additive model (GAM) was used to determine which SD factors and mental health outcomes were associated with physical activity level.

RESULTS

The GAM analysis revealed that wearing a facemask in public (odds ratio [OR] 1.46, 95% CI 1.14-1.79; P=.003), limiting the use of public transport (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.19-1.83; P=.001), and restricting travel outside the house (OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.19-2.05; P=.002) were SD behaviors associated with higher odds of being more physically active. Conversely, avoiding physical activity outside the house was associated with higher odds of being inactive (OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.46-0.63; P<.001). Leaving the house more frequently, and a higher mental well-being were associated with increasing odds of being physically active (P<.001). Engaging with a moderate number of SD behaviors (3-7 total) was positively associated with physical activity, whereas a very high SD vigilance (ie, engaging with ≥10 total behaviors) decreased the odds of being active during the early pandemic response.

CONCLUSIONS

Based on the findings of our study, we suggest that future public health messaging of SD guidelines should include (1) a clear portrayal of the benefits of regular exercise on mental health; and (2) a specific focus on how to be physically active outdoors in a COVID-safe manner.
Multisensory Home-Monitoring in Individuals With Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma: Usability Study of the CAir-Desk (Preprint)
Authors: Kohlbrenner Dario , Clarenbach Christian F , Ivankay Adam , Zimmerli Lukas , Gross Christoph S , Kuhn Manuel , Brunschwiler Thomas
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Research integrating multisensory home-monitoring in respiratory disease is scarce. Therefore, we created a novel multisensory home-monitoring device tailored for long-term respiratory disease management (named the CAir-Desk). We hypothesize that recent technological accomplishments can be integrated into a multisensory participant-driven platform. We also believe that this platform could improve chronic disease management and be accessible to large groups at an acceptable cost.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to report on user adherence and acceptance as well as system functionality of the CAir-Desk in a sample of participants with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma.

METHODS

We conducted an observational usability study. Participants took part in 4 weeks of home-monitoring with the CAir-Desk. The CAir-Desk recorded data from all participants on symptom burden, physical activity, spirometry, and environmental air quality; data on sputum production, and nocturnal cough were only recorded for participants who experienced symptoms. After the study period, participants reported on their perceptions of the usability of the monitoring device through a purpose-designed questionnaire. We used descriptive statistics and visualizations to display results.

RESULTS

Ten participants, 5 with COPD and 5 with asthma took part in this study. They completed symptom burden questionnaires on a median of 96% (25th percentile 14%, 75th percentile 96%), spirometry recordings on 55% (20%, 94%), wrist-worn physical activity recordings on 100% (97%, 100%), arm-worn physical activity recordings on 45% (13%, 63%), nocturnal cough recordings on 34% (9%, 54%), sputum recordings on 5% (3%, 12%), and environmental air quality recordings on 100% (99%, 100%) of the study days. The participants indicated that the measurements consumed a median of 13 (10, 15) min daily, and that they preferred the wrist-worn physical activity monitor to the arm-worn physical activity monitor.

CONCLUSIONS

The CAir-Desk showed favorable technical performance and was well-accepted by our sample of participants with stable COPD and asthma. The obtained insights were used in a redesign of the CAir-Desk, which is currently applied in a randomized controlled trial including an interventional program.
Review of Mobile Apps for Women With Anxiety in Pregnancy: Maternity Care Professionals’ Guide to Locating and Assessing Anxiety Apps (Preprint)
Authors: Evans Kerry , Donelan Jasper , Rennick-Egglestone Stefan , Cox Serena , Kuipers Yvonne
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

Mental health and pregnancy apps are widely available and have the potential to improve health outcomes and enhance women’s experience of pregnancy. Women frequently access digital information throughout their pregnancy. However, health care providers and women have little information to guide them toward potentially helpful or effective apps.

OBJECTIVE

This review aimed to evaluate a methodology for systematically searching and reviewing commercially available apps that support pregnant women with symptoms of anxiety in order to assist maternity care professionals in identifying resources that they could recommend for these women.

METHODS

A stepwise systematic approach was used to identify, select, describe, and assess the most popular and highly user-rated apps available in the United Kingdom from January to March 2021. This included developing a script-based search strategy and search process, writing evaluation criteria, and conducting a narrative description and evaluation of the selected apps.

RESULTS

Useful search terms were identified, which included nonclinical, aspirational, and problem-based phrases. There were 39 apps selected for inclusion in the review. No apps specifically targeted women with anxiety in pregnancy. Of the 39 apps included in the review, 33 (85%) focused solely on mind-body techniques to promote relaxation, stress reduction, and psychological well-being. Only 8 of the 39 (21%) apps included in the review reported that health care professionals had contributed to app development and only 1/39 (3%) provided empirical evidence on the effectiveness and acceptability of the app. The top 12/39 (31%) apps were evaluated by 2 independent reviewers using the developed criteria and scores. There was a small negative correlation between the reviewers’ scores and app user rating scores, with higher user rating scores associated with lower reviewer scores.

CONCLUSIONS

App developers, publishers, and maternity care professionals should seek advice from women with lived experience of anxiety symptoms in pregnancy to locate, promote, and optimize the visibility of apps for pregnant women. There is a lack of resources that provide coping strategies based on current evidence for the treatment of anxiety in pregnancy. Maternity care providers are limited in their ability to locate and recommend acceptable and trustworthy apps because of the lack of information on the evidence base, development, and testing of apps. Maternity care professionals and women need access to libraries of trusted apps that have been evaluated against relevant and established criteria.
Coproduction, Coeducation, and Patient Involvement: Everyone Included Framework for Medical Education Across Age Groups and Cultures (Preprint)
Authors: Price Amy , Damaraju Aishini , Kushalnagar Poorna , Brunoe Summer , Srivastava Ujwal , Debidda Marcella , Chu Larry
Published: July 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

Medical education, research, and health care practice continue to grow with minimal coproduction guidance. We suggest the Commons Principle approach to medical education as modeled by Ostrom and Williamson, where we share how adapting these models to multiple settings can enhance empathy, increase psychological safety, and provide robust just-in-time learning tools for practice. We here describe patient and public coproduction in diverse areas within health care using the commons philosophy across populations, cultures, and generations with learning examples across age groups and cultures. We further explore descriptive, mixed methods participatory action in medical and research education. We adopt an “Everyone Included” perspective and sought to identify its use in continuing medical education, citizen science, marginalized groups, publishing, and student internships. Overall, we outline coproduction at the point of need, as we report on strategies that improved engagement. This work demonstrates coproduction with the public across multiple settings and cultures, showing that even with minimal resources and experience, this partnership can improve medical education and care.
This is a Test: (Preprint)
Authors: Account Developer
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND

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OBJECTIVE

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METHODS

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RESULTS

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CONCLUSIONS

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CLINICALTRIAL

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Principles of choosing an analgesic depending on the intensity of pain
Authors: Nikonov V.V. , Lyzohub K.I.
Published: July 2021

Pain is one of the most common symptoms in modern clinical practice and one of the most frequent causes for patients to seek medical attention. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have traditionally been the leading means of protecting peripheral pain receptors. However, taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is associated with a range of complications. This review analyzes current studies of dexketoprofen that demonstrate its safety and clinical effect for the treatment of pain syndrome.
Elfunat in complex treatment of patients with portal hypertension in the early post-hemorrhagic period
Authors: Tutchenko M.I. , Chub S.L. , Trofimova T.S. , Roshchin H.H. , Ridzhok V.V.
Published: July 2021

The paper deals with the results of the study of the effect of 2-ethyl-6-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine succinate (Elfunat) on erythroid lineage in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis and a history of gastroesophageal variceal bleeding. The study compared the impact on the central nervous system and blood values. The results of this study are important for the management of anemia and encephalopathy in this category of patients.
Abstracts of the online research-to-practice conference with international participation “Current infectious diseases in the practice of a family doctor. Algorithms for diagnosis, treatment, observation” (April 8–9, 2021)
Authors: Authors No
Published: July 2021

No abstract
Farmers’ Willingness To Pay For Livestock Insurance Programs In Kulon Progo District
Authors: Kurniaty Tri , Masyhuri Masyhuri , Jamhari Jamhari
Published: July 2021

Livestock Insurance is one of the insurance products supported by the government with PT Jasindo as the organizer. Livestock insurance will provide the potential for cattle ranchers who can get risk threats such as cattle deaths due to illness, accidents, losses caused by theft, and deaths due to breeding. This study aims to determine the value of the willingness of farmers to pay the insurance and the factors that affect the willingness of farmers to pay insurance. This research was conducted from February to March 2020 in the Kulon Progo district. Location determination is done by purposive sampling based on data from the farmer following the insurance program. Primary data obtained from 53 farmers with the help of a questionnaire and analyzed by the method of contingency value (CVM) and multiple linear regression. The research shows the average value of willingness to pay insurance is IDR45,660 per head per year above the value of the insurance premium assessment. Factors that significantly influence a Farmer's Willingness to Pay (WTP) for the Insurance program are the variable number of family dependants and income, while the age, duration of raising, and education have no significant effect. Based on the value of the EWTP obtained, which is very low, the expectation of farmers is not to demand too low a price.
Is Inequality Slowing Down Africa’s Industrialization?
Authors: Richard Zogo Ekassi
Published: July 2021

Africa has also experienced a decline in the level of industrialization for at least three decades. Examining the dynamics of industrialization, and its effect on inequality, therefore remains a strikingly topical issue. This paper assesses the effects of industrial transformation on inequality in Africa over the period 1980-2016. Using a sample of 48 African countries, we estimate a dynamic panel data model using the Generalized Method of Moments in System (GMM-S). Our results show that strong industrialization would reduce inequality in Africa. The robustness of the results is tested using a PSTR (Panel Smooth Transition Regression) model and a PTR (Panel Transition Regression) model. The study recommends that economic, social and environmental disparities be taken into account in the process of industrial transformation on the continent.
Assessment of Equipment Maintenance Practices for Effective Electric Power Distribution in Adamawa State
Authors: Moses Dauda , Ezugu L. C. , Akudo Onwuka Immaculater , Ibanga Isaac John
Published: July 2021

The main purpose of this study was to assess equipment maintenance practices for effective electric power distribution in Adamawa State by Yola Electricity Distribution Company. Three research questions and three null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 69 consisting of 46 technicians and 23 supervisors in Yola Electricity Distribution Company. The whole population was used for the study. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire developed by the researchers titled “Assessment of Equipment Maintenance Practices for Effective Electric Power Distribution Questionnaire (AEMPELPDQ)”. The instrument was validated by three experts and a reliability of 0.89 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha reliability method. Mean and standard deviation was used to answer the research questions while t-test was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The finding of the study revealed that Yola Electricity Distribution Company adopts monthly routine maintenance on 18 out of the 31 items listed equipment while quarterly routine maintenance is carried out on 11 of the 31 items. Weekly maintenance is adopted for only two (2) of the equipment; Out of the 31 items listed, 22 of the items are semi-annually maintained; while eight (8) of the items are annually maintained and only one (1) of the equipment (distribution board) is weekly maintained. Based on the findings, YEDC should ensure adequate inspection and supervision of equipment to prevent unwarranted breakdown that may affect effective distribution of electrical power; YEDC should ensure at least monthly routine maintenance is carried out on the equipment available to ensure effective usage.
IMPACT OF CHRONIC NOISE ON HIPPOCAMPAL MORPHOLOGY AND ITS FUNCTIONS IN WISTAR ALBINO RATS
Authors: ARJUNAN ARCHANA , RAJAN RAVINDRAN
Published: July 2021

Objective: The study aims to investigate the effect of chronic noise stress on hippocampal morphology and its functions in male Wistar albino rats.

Methods: Adult albino rats were randomly divided into two groups. Each group contained six animals. Rats exposed to chronic noise stress (100 dB/4 h–30 days) were compared with control animal and assessed for behavior using hole-board test, marble burying test, and morphology of hippocampus by histology.

Results: The rats exposed to chronic noise stress showed significance (P < 0.05) of behavioral alterations such as increased fear and anxiety, obsessive-compulsive behavior, enlarged lateral ventricle, and reduced hippocampal volume.

Conclusion: The results reported that chronic noise stress affects neurobehavioral due to reduced hippocampal volume.
PLANTS OF GANDHAMARDAN IN MATERNAL CARE: AN ETHNOBOTANICAL APPROACH
Authors: DAS SONALIKA , MOHATY SULAGANA , NAYAK SHEETISWAPNA , BHATTA KALPITA
Published: July 2021

Objective: The traditional use of plants in herbal medicine has paved the way for drug discovery. With a view of this, the present study was carried out in Gandhamardan hills which are a rich source of medicinal plants. However, there are copious reports about the plants used in maternal care. Therefore, an attempt has been made to record and document the plants of these hills utilized in maternal care.

Methods: The ethnobotanical information on applications of different plant species to cure diseases and ailments of pregnancy, birth (parturition), and postpartum (puerperium) were documented through personal discussions, interviews with focused groups combined with field visits, voice recordings, and photo documentation.

Results: The study showed that 24 vascular plant species belonging to 24 genera and 22 families have been used in maternal care. Most of the species were herbs (50%) followed by trees (32.5%), climbers, and herbs (20%). It was observed that among all the parts, generally leaves were widely used.

Conclusion: This ethnobotanical study documented the use of plants among the local community. It also revealed that the medicinal plants of the hills are a cheap source of herbal drugs for the rural communities. The information gathered can be used for further scientific investigation to develop new plant-based commercial drugs as they will be safer than synthetic drugs.
EVALUATION OF SOME MINERALS AND VITAMINS IN CORD BLOOD FROM RURAL AND URBAN POPULATION OF UDAIPUR REGION
Authors: JAIN SUMAN , BANSAL PRERNA , PRAJAPAT RAJNEESH , JADEJA HARSHDEEP
Published: July 2021

Objective: Vitamins and minerals collectively referred to as micronutrients have important influence on the health of pregnant women and the growing fetus. Pregnancy is related to increase demand of all nutrients and deficiency any of these can affect pregnancy, delivery, and outcome of pregnancy. Disorders in mineral element nutrition and metabolism can lead to wide variety of malformations. Data on mineral values in newborn are very less in contrast to adult. The present study was planned to analyze some of minerals in the umbilical cord blood of rural and urban population and compare them gender wise.

Methods: Our study group consisted of 640 healthy term newborn. The cord blood was collected immediately after a normal delivery. The blood was tested to determine calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), Phosphorus (P), Iron (Fe), Vitamins D3, and Vitamin B12.

Results: The results showed that the levels of Ca, Mg, P and Fe, Vitamin D3, and Vitamin B12 were higher in urban population than rural ones. All were statistically significant. The levels of Mg, P, Fe, and Vitamin B12 were lower in female urban neonates as compared to male urban neonates. All were significant when compared sex wise. The trend was same with increased levels of Mg, P, Fe, and Vitamin B12 in females of rural population than cord blood of male rural neonates.

Conclusions: The result showed that rural and urban population also female and male neonates have genetic variation and difference in mineral metabolism.
FABRICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF LERCANIDIPINE HYDROCHLORIDE SOLID DISPERSIONS FOR SOLUBILITY PREFERMENT USING POLYMER COMBINATION
Authors: REDDY NAZEMOON , DUGASANI SWARNALATHA , NAYAKANTI DEVANNA
Published: July 2021

Objective: An attempt has made in fabricating solid dispersions (SDs) by taking lercanidipine hydrochloride (LCD) as a model drug.

Methods: The SDs were made using a poly mix of poly vinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) K-30, Poloxamer-188, and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) K4M. Different proportions of LCD: polymer mix in 1:1, 1:3, 1:5, and 1:7 ratios were fabricated as SDs by solvent evaporation and melting method, further compressed into tablets. The LCD SDs were assessed for physicochemical, and LCD release possessions.

Results: The results were observed to be attractive with the increase in solubility LCD SD (F-3 and F-7) with 1:5 ratios of LCD.

Conclusion: The study concludes that the poly mix of PVP K-30, Poloxamer-188, and HPMC K4M and was found to be a better combination for elevating the solubility and release of LCD from the SDs.