bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study of Innovative Human Resource Practices of Indian Companies
Authors: Mr. Sanjay Jagannath Kasabe
Published: February 2023

Human resource practises that are well-organized are required for a successful strategic change. Human resource management is critical in redefining new strategies to fit the changing environment scenario. HRM can sometimes be more than just a component of a new strategy; it can also be the deciding and defining factor in pursuing a specific strategy. To keep up with the ever-changing business environment, Indian and foreign MNCs have revamped their HR strategic practises. This paper discusses the innovative strategies that Indian HR practises employ.
भाववाढीचे वास्तव विष्लेशन
Authors: प्रा. एस. एस. बलखंडे
Published: February 2023

भाव वाढ ही नेहमीच सामान्य मानसाच्या जिव्हळयाचा विशय राहिला आहे. सरकार कडून जेव्हा भाव वाढ निर्देषांक जाहीर केला जातो तेवहा तो जर वाढलेला असेल तर भिती र्निमाण होते , जर घटलेला असेल तर आंनद व्यक्त केला जातो, आणि स्थिर असेल तर समाधान व्यक्त केले जाते. जूलै 2009 च्या पहिल्या आडवडयात घाऊक किंमत निर्देषंाक आधारीत भाव वाढ दर ‐1.21टक्के राहीला. हा भाव वाढ दर षून्या पेक्षा खली रहील असा अंदाज तज्ञानी व्यक्त केला. ही गोश्ट गृहीत धरून धेरणे आखली जाऊ लागली ती सामान्य मानसाना सूखावणारी हेाती. ज्या वेळी सरकार कडून असे सांगितले जाते सरकारी आर्थिक धेारणे हे सामान्य मानसाला संरक्षण देणारी असताना आर्थिक विकासा बरोबर किंमत स्थिरता है उदिश्ट समोर ठेवले जाते.
सन 2003‐04 ते 2007‐08 या काळात आर्थिक विकासाचा दर हा वाढता राहिला पण भव वाढीचा दर ही 5ते6 टक्के पेक्षा खली ठेवण्यात यष आले. फिलिप्सच्या म्हणण्या नूसार एकाच वेळी भाव वाढ निंयत्रन व आर्थिक विकास हे उदिश्टये साध्य करता येत नाहीत. पण ही पाच वर्श चमत्कारीक ठरली . कारण या काळात भारतिय अर्थव्यवस्थेतिल विकास दर 8टक्के पेक्षा ज्यास्त राहीला व भाव वाढ दर सूधा खालच्या पातळीला राहीला, निष्चितच हे भारतीय आर्थिक धोरणाचे यष आहे.
वरील विधानाचा असा अर्थ निघतो की मागील पाच वर्शात आर्थिक धोरणाची कामगीरी चागली असल्याचे सांगीतले जाते पंरतू ते खरे नाही,व फक्त भास निर्माण केला जातो.त्याचा खोलवर अभ्याास केल्यावर या संदर्भातिल सत्यता लक्षात येते. भाव वाढीच्या संदर्भात जे चित्र दाखविले जाते ते खोटे आहे.वरील विधाननतिल हे खरे आहे की घाऊक किंमत निर्देषंाक आधारीत भाव वाढीचा दर खालच्या पातळीला राहीला आहे.परंतूहा दर वास्तवात सामान्य माणसावरील भाव वाढीचे संपूर्ण परिणाम मोजण्याास अपयषी ठरतो.
भाव वााढ मोजण्याचा घाऊककिंमत निर्देषांक व्याापक स्वरूपाचा असला आणी सरकार कडून आर्थिक धोरणे आखताना त्याचा वापर केला जात असला तरी त्यात काही कमतरता आहेत.
Variabilidade e estrutura genética molecular em acessos de Passiflora edulis Sims. com base em marcadores análogos a genes de resistência
Authors: Silveira Lucas Amorim , Silva Thalana Souza Santos , Meira Messulan Rodrigues , Jesus Onildo Nunes de , Faleiro Fábio Gelape , Cerqueira-Silva Carlos Bernard Moreno , Santos Elisa Susilene Lisboa dos
Published: February 2023

O Brasil é um centro de diversidade de espécies do maracujazeiro, sendo a Passiflora edulis Sims. a mais cultivada. Devido à sua importância comercial e à suscetibilidade às doenças, objetivou-se avaliar a diversidade genética e a estruturação de acessos de Passiflora edulis dos bancos ativos de germoplasma da Embrapa Cerrados e Mandioca e Fruticultura utilizando marcadores moleculares análogo a genes de resistência (RGAs). A diversidade genética de 163 plantas, totalizando 71 variedades não melhoradas e cinco cultivares foram avaliadas. Foram utilizadas nove combinações de iniciadores, totalizando 157 marcadores, com média de 17,4 marcadores/combinação. A heterozigosidade esperada média foi 0,18. O conteúdo de informação polimórfica foi 0,15. A variância molecular apresentou 82% de diversidade existente dentro dos Bancos Ativos de Germoplasma (BAG). Os genótipos estruturaram-se em três pools gênicos, com subgrupo heterogêneo com acessos de ambos os bancos, um homogêneo com acessos do BAG Cerrados e o último predominando cultivares também do BAG Cerrados. A análise de Coordenadas Principais demonstrou que os bancos possuem genótipos semelhantes. Os resultados enfatizaram existência de material genômico passivo para desenvolvimento de novas cultivares. Os marcadores certificaram como estas coleções podem contribuir nos programas de melhoramento. Existem alelos compartilhados entre as variedades não melhoradas dos dois BAGs, porém, respectivas variedades não possuem relação com as cultivares.
DESIGN OF FASHION-BASED TEACHING BOOKS INTERACTIVE E-BOOK IN THE LEARNING ERA BLENDED LEARNING
Authors: Erni Erni , Rambe Armaini , Januariansyah Sapitri , Bahri Halimul
Published: February 2023

Learning that takes place in the Fashion Design Education Study Program is of course related to practical learning in the field of fashion. In the practicum learning process, students need a high level of understanding to carry out every step of making a dress. Learning that is regulated by blended learning has various obstacles including; restrictions on the number of practicum classes in class, different levels of student understanding, mastery of sewing skills that are not the same, inadequate learning tools and also internet network disturbances during online learning. This study aims to design interactive e-books to support blended learning. An e-book is a book that is programmed into a computer so that it can visualize abstract material into a visual form that can be animated so that students are more interested in the learning process. The development of interactive e-book media uses a 4-D development model through 4 stages, namely the Define stage, the Design stage, the Development stage and the Disseminate stage. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and observation sheets. The results showed that the average practicality test results were in the practical category and the effectiveness test was in the good category.
Ozanimod (Zeposia)
Authors: CADTH
Published: February 2023

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.

The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.

This review assesses ozanimod (Zeposia), capsules, 0.23 mg, 0.46 mg, and 0.92 mg, oral administration.

Indication: For the treatment of adult patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) who have had an inadequate response, loss of response, or were intolerant to either conventional therapy or a biologic agent.
GENERAL THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF CORRUPTION IN GOVERNMENT BODIES
Authors:   Leading Consultant of the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Safarov Temur
Published: February 2023

The article examines the general theoretical aspects of corruption in government bodies, which lie in the relationship between the principal and the employee of the organization, as well as in the problems associated with the organization, which are associated with objective and subjective conditions. And also, their influence on the level of corruption in the public administration has been studied. The corruption conditions arising in the relationship between a civil servant and the organization where he carries out his activities are discussed. At the same time, these aspects are disclosed on the basis of more than 10 factors that determine the presence of corruption in the public sector, each of the factors is substantiated by practical research by specialists from Europe and Asia. At the same time, the study proves that if corruption is directly related to governance, and governance is directly related to the exercise of state power, then for the success of efforts and sustainability of the results of the fight against corruption, strong leadership and the interest of the parties, that is, citizens and the principal, are required. This study is fundamental to identifying effective and minimizing anti-corruption measures in the activities of government bodies.
ISSUES OF IMPROVING THE NORMS ON THE SUBJECT OF CRIMES RELATED TO THE ILLEGAL PROPERTY INTERESTS OF CIVIL SERVANTS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Djalilov Furkat
Published: February 2023

This article analyzes in detail the issues of improving the norms of the subject of crimes related to the illegal property interests of civil servants. It suggests several solutions for the development of the role of the media in modern society, ensuring openness and transparency of public procurement, improving state control over public procurement, highlighting the growing corruption in the public procurement process.
TENDENCIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CRIMINAL LEGISLATION NORMS THAT DETERMINE RESPONSIBILITY FOR EXTRAORDINARY AUTHORITIES OR POSITIONS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Sagdullaev Fatkhulla
Published: February 2023

This article examines the trends in the development of criminal law in our country, which determines the liability for crimes related to authority . In the development of criminal law, a comparative analysis of the norms established in the Criminal Codes of 1926, 1959 and 1994, which set liability for this crime. At the same time, an attempt was made to correctly assess the conditions for the development of criminal law in the relevant period. As a result of the research, the author identified five stages in the development of criminal norms in our country that establish liability for this crime, and developed proposals for improving the norms of Article 206 of the Criminal Code.
DESCRIPTION OF LEGAL CRITERIA ENSURING THE NORMAL STATE OF PARTICIPATION OF AN INDIVIDUAL IN CIVIL RELATIONS
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Usmonova Muniskhon
Published: February 2023

The article analyzes the legal criteria that ensure the normal participation of an individual in civil law relations. These legal criteria are studied by the author in four groups. The article examines the categories of legal capacity and delicacy ability, including legal personality, understanding and awareness of the consequences of their actions, coming of age and obtaining full legal capacity before the onset of majority (emancipation, marriage before reaching the marriageable age in cases stipulated by law). Different views of scientists on legal capacity are compared. Along with legal capacity, elements reflecting the content of legal capacity are analyzed. Today, civil law relations reflect the situation in which an individual participates and the type of participation that is considered normal. Discussions of the impact of finding a citizen with limited legal capacity or incapacity for his or her participation in civil relations are compared with foreign experience. Substantial proposals were made to eliminate existing gaps in regulatory documents and problems in practice.
ROCEDURAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR APPLICATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Primov Bakhtiyor
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the procedural and legal framework for the use of information and communication technologies during the preliminary investigation from the author’s point of view. It is noted that, taking into account the general digitalization of society, criminal proceedings in the future will undergo significant changes. This will be facilitated by the widespread introduction of electronic document management, remote forms of investigative and judicial actions, the use of algorithms and mathematical calculations in making procedural decisions, the use of robotics. Much will depend on the successful solution of problems related to ensuring information security, protecting the legal rights and freedoms of citizens, as well as the interests of society and the state.
STRATEGIC PLANNING: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Authors:   responsible employee of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shayakubov Babur
Published: February 2023

This article analyzes the problems of understanding strategic planning, the concept and essence of this category, different views of scientists about strategic planning. Analyzing the development of strategic planning in the scientific literature, the author notes that there are different views in the understanding of strategic planning, showing the great interest of the scientific community in this issue. If some scholars understand strategic planning as a complex phenomenon, considering it in such aspects as “strategy as a plan”, “strategy as a principle of behavior”, “strategy as a position”, “strategy as a perspective”, “strategy as a technique, while others consider strategy as a fundamental science, while noting that policy, strategy and tactics are three independent categories that are interrelated aspects of strategic leadership and management. It is noted that strategic planning acts as a factor of strategic stability in society and the state in the context of digitalization of all spheres of public life. The role and significance of strategic planning in the economic and social development of society and the state, the place of strategic planning in ensuring national security are considered. Also, stages, functions and principles, methodology of strategic planning are analyzed.
ISSUES FOR IMPROVING THE FIRST INSTANCE COURT DECISIONS ON CIVIL CASES
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Khabibullaev Davlatjon
Published: February 2023

In this article, the concept of first instance court decisions in civil cases and their types have been analyzed. In particular, the concept and types of court decisions, the scientific and theoretical views of legal scholars in this area were studied. The first instance court decisions, its peculiarities, the requirements to them have scientifically and theoretically been examined. Some items have been revealed in the final part of the court decision as well as a comparative analysis of the foreign countries’ experience in this regard, and suggestions and recommendations for improving the national civil procedural legislation have been discussed in the article. The work also analyzes the concept, objectives and specific procedural features of external proceedings, foreign experience in external proceedings, and comments that do not necessarily need to improve national procedural management. In addition, in this research work, the concept of court rulings and their classification have been studied in scientific theory. The scientific views of legal scholars were analyzed and the criteria for classifying court rulings were indicated. As another document of the first instance court, the court order and its significance, its role in court decisions, comparative analysis of civil procedural legislation of foreign countries, judicial practice, court statistics were also studied and examined.
THE ROLE OF PRINCIPLES IN THE CONCEPT OF DECENTRALIZATION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Law, Umarov Bekzod
Published: February 2023

This article analyzes the role of decentralization in the modernization of public administration, the essence of the concept of decentralization of public administration, the principles of decentralization of public administration, methods of influencing public administration, the method of management, the form of organization of public administration, as well as the transfer of a certain amount of authority, the principle of decentralization of public administration. In addition, the ultimate goal of the redistribution of public administration functions is important as the principle of decentralized public administration, which serves to create the opportunity to make optimal management decisions based on the common interests of the population, the balance of interests at the state, regional (regional) and local levels. The article considers the possibility of self-government at the level of local administrative-territorial units, as well as the formation of the institution of decentralization.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE MECHANISMS OF PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF CREDITORS OF THE REORGANIZED LEGAL ENTITY
Authors:   Karakalpak State University, Kutlimuratov Farkhad
Published: February 2023

One of the main issues in the reorganization of legal entities is the protection of the rights and interests of its creditors.This is due to the fact that the reorganization of a legal entity mainly affects the interests of creditors and jeopardizes the exercise of their rights.For this reason, it is important to set clear deadlines for notifying the creditor before the reorganization process begins. In addition, it is necessary to reconsider the usual procedure for informing the creditor about these processes, to increase the creditor’s interest in informing about the beginning of the reorganization, and to introduce a public procedure for notifying.It is possible for a legal entity that has been notified in time of the reorganization process to file a claim against the legal entity that owes it and to maintain a legal relationship with the reorganized legal entity. This is an important tool in the legislation to protect the rights of creditors.
RELAÇÕES AFETIVAS E O TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA: DOIS RELATOS DE CASO EM MUSICOTERAPIA
Authors: Gonçalves Biank Tomaz , Senra Michele de Souza , Barcellos Lia Rejane Mendes
Published: February 2023

O presente trabalho apresenta o relato de intervenções musicoterapêuticas com duas crianças diagnosticadas precocemente com o Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). Nas sessões iniciais os jovens indivíduos demonstraram relações de apego com seus cuidadores, evidenciadas pela busca constante do colo materno como “porto seguro”, durante as intervenções. Tal comportamento impactou o estabelecimento de vínculo terapêutico (terapeuta-paciente), inviabilizando o desenvolvimento dos objetivos musicoterapêuticos traçados. As técnicas musicoterapêuticas utilizadas para superar este desafio, assim como a importância da postura do profissional musicoterapeuta na construção de uma relação terapêutica são abordadas. Para o acompanhamento destes indivíduos foi utilizada a Escala de Desenvolvimento Musical de Crianças com Autismo (DEMUCA). Foi observado, no entanto, que a substancial e gradual melhora destes pacientes no que concerne à capacidade de interação com o musicoterapeuta, interação com objetos, interação com instrumentos musicais, atenção e interesse, ocorreu concomitantemente com o processo de “desapego” da figura materna no setting terapêutico. Em suma, este trabalho reforça que indivíduos com TEA, mesmo em idade precoce, podem estabelecer relações afetivas. Tais relações, por sua vez, são particulares e com potencial influência em suas atividades cotidianas.
CUESTIONARIO CISMA - CUESTIONARIO DEL IMPACTO DE LAS SESIONES DE MUSICOTERAPIA EN PACIENTES ADULTOS
Authors: Vercher Isabel Bellver , Soler Ana Alegre , Ferrari Karina Daniela
Published: February 2023

En este artículo se presenta el cuestionario CISMA (cuestionario del impacto de la sesión de musicoterapia en el bienestar de adultos). Es una herramienta de evaluación autoadministrada pre y post sesión. Ofrece dos modalidades, el CISMA numérico (escalas visuales numéricas) y el CISMA categórico (con cinco categorías de respuesta). El profesional musicoterapeuta es el encargado de seleccionar la modalidad adecuada para cada paciente. Las variables refieren al ámbito físico, emocional y social. Se puede aplicar en población de pacientes adultos tanto en el área comunitaria como hospitalaria.
AUDIOBIOGRAFIAS, AUTOBIOGRAFIAS, CANÇÕES PROJETIVAS E A CRIAÇÃO DE COLAGENS E PARÓDIAS MUSICAIS
Authors: Costa-Lima Neto Luiz , Barcellos Lia Rejane Mendes
Published: February 2023

Artigo sobre as técnicas musicoterapêuticas denominadas Audiobiografia e Autobiografia musical, aplicadas à recriação de canções. Apresentamos um histórico sobre o surgimento e o desenvolvimento destas técnicas (Bruscia, 1998; Ruud 1989; Brandão, Millecco & Millecco, 2001), seguido de levantamento bibliográfico sobre a utilização da Autobiografia Musical e da recriação de canções em Musicoterapia, além de exemplos de colagens e paródias de canções autobiográficas criadas por nossos alunas e alunos dos Cursos de Graduação e Pós-Graduação de Arteterapia da Clínica POMAR (Faculdade Vicentina/Rio de Janeiro). O artigo apresenta contribuições prático-teóricas para a área da Musicoterapia, ilustrando como a técnica da Autobiografia Musical pode ser utilizada na recriação de canções, com o objetivo de promover o autoconhecimento, a construção de identidades musicais, o empoderamento dos sujeitos e a reescrita das histórias pessoais.
Estimation of 1 km downwelling shortwave radiation over the Tibetan Plateau under all-sky conditions
Authors: Li Peizhen , Zhong Lei , Ma Yaoming , Fu Yunfei , Cheng Meilin , Wang Xian , Qi Yuting , Wang Zixin
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Downwelling shortwave radiation (DSR) is the basic driving force for the energy and water cycles of the Earth’s climate system. As called the Third Pole of the Earth, the Tibetan Plateau (TP) absorbs a large amount of shortwave radiation and exert important impacts on global weather and climate change. However, due to coarse spatial resolution and insufficient consideration of factors influencing radiative transfer processes, DSR parameterization schemes are still need to be improved when applied to the TP. Based on satellite datasets and meteorological forcing data, all-sky DSR over the TP at a spatial resolution of 1 km was derived using an improved parameterization scheme. The influence of topography and different radiative attenuations were comprehensively taken into account. Specifically, the introduction of cloud multiscattering and topography factors further improves the DSR estimation accuracy. The validation results indicated that the developed parameterization scheme showed reasonable accuracy. By comparing with current widely used DSR products based on the same in situ observations, the derived DSR performed much better on different spatial and temporal scales. On instantaneous, ten-day, and monthly timescales, the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of the derived DSR are 132.8–158.2 W m−2, 70.8–76.5 W m−2, and 61.3–67.5 W m−2, respectively, which are much smaller than those of current DSR products. The derived DSR not only captured the temporal variation characteristics that are more consistent with the in situ measurements, but also provided reasonable spatial patterns. Meanwhile, the proposed parameterization scheme demonstrated its superiority in characterizing more details and high dynamics of the spatial pattern of DSR due to its terrain correction and high resolution. Moreover, this parameterization scheme does not need any local correction in advance and it has the potential to be extended to other regions in the world.
A long-term proxy for sea ice thickness in the Canadian Arctic: 1996–2020
Authors: Glissenaar Isolde A. , Landy Jack C. , Babb David G. , Dawson Geoffrey J. , Howell Stephen E.L.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This study presents a long-term winter sea ice thickness proxy-product for the Canadian Arctic based on a Random Forest Regression model trained on CryoSat-2 observations that provides 25 years of sea ice thickness in the Beaufort Sea, Baffin Bay, and, for the first time, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. An evaluation of the product with in-situ sea ice thickness measurements shows that the presented sea ice thickness proxy product correctly estimates the magnitudes of the ice thickness and accurately captures spatial and temporal variability. The product estimates sea ice thickness within 30 to 50 cm uncertainty. The sea ice thickness proxy-product shows that sea ice is thinning over most of the Canadian Arctic, with a mean trend of −1.4 cm/year in April (corresponding to 35 cm thinning over the 25-year record), but that trends vary locally. The Beaufort Sea and Baffin Bay show significant negative trends during all months, though with peaks in November (−3 cm/yr) and March (−1.8 cm/yr), respectively. The Arctic Ocean Periphery shows thinning above 2 cm/yr during all months but April, with a peak of −3.3 cm/yr in December. The Parry Channel, which is part of the Northwest Passage and relevant for shipping, shows weaker thinning trends, but with high yearly variability. The sea ice thickness proxy product gives, for the first time, the opportunity to study long-term trends and variability in sea ice thickness in the Canadian Arctic, including the narrow channels in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
AgriCarbon-EO: v1.0.1: Large Scale and High Resolution Simulation of Carbon Fluxes by Assimilation of Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 Reflectances using a Bayesian approach
Authors: Wijmer Taeken , Al Bitar Ahmad , Arnaud Ludovic , Fieuzal Rémy , Ceschia Eric
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Soil carbon storage is a well identified climate change mitigation solution. The extensive in-situ monitoring of the soil carbon storage in cropland for agricultural policy and offset carbon markets is prohibitive, especially at intra-field scale. For this reason, comprehensive Monitoring, Reporting and Verification (MRV) of soil carbon and its explanatory variables at large scale needs to rely on remote sensing and modelling tools that provide the spatio-temporal dynamics of the carbon budget and it’s components at high resolution with associated uncertainties. In this paper, we present AgriCarbon-EO v1.0: an end-to-end processing chain that enables the estimation of carbon budget components of major crops and cover crops at intra-field resolution (10 m) and large scale (over 110×110 km) by assimilating remote sensing data in physically-based radiative transfert and agronomic models. The data assimilation in AgriCarbon-EO is based on a novel Bayesian approach that combines Normalised Importance Sampling (NIS) and Look-Up Table (LUT) generation. This approach propagates the 10 m uncertainties across the processing chain from the reflectances to the output variables. The chain considers as input a land cover map, multi-spectral reflectance maps from the Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 satellites, and daily weather forcing. The PROSAIL radiative transfer model is inversed in a first step to obtain Green Leaf Area Index (GLAI). The GLAI  time series are then assimilated into the SAFYE-CO2 crop model taking into consideration their uncertainty. The chain is applied over winter wheat in the south-west of France during the cropping seasons 2017 and 2019. We compare the results against the net ecosystem exchange measured at the FR-AUR ICOS site (RMSE = 1.69 - 2.4 gC m−2 , R2 = 0.88 - 0.88), biomass (RMSE = 250 g m−2 , R2 = 0.9), and combine harvester yield maps. We quantify the difference between pixel and field and pixel scale simulations of biomass (bias = -47 g m−2 , -39 % variability), and the impact of the number of remote sensing acquisitions on the outputs (-66 % of mean uncertainty of biomass). Finally, we conduct a coherency analysis at regional scale to test the consistency of the observed patterns with soil texture, altitude and exposition variability. Results show higher biomass for higher clay soils and earlier emergence and senescence for south western exposition.
Spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of Hanyuan landslide in Sichuan Province, China on August 21, 2020
Authors: Xu shuaishuai
Published: February 2023

Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) is a newly developed surface deformation monitoring technology in recent years. Compared with conventional surface deformation monitoring methods, SAR interferometry has the advantages of wide monitoring range, high density, high precision, and is not limited by weather conditions, so it provides a new technical means for landslide research. On August 21, 2021, a landslide occurred in Zhonghai Village, Hanyuan County, Ya'an City, Sichuan Province, China, killing nine people. Based on the data of SBAS-InSAR technology, UAV photogrammetry, high-resolution remote sensing images and digital elevation model, this paper studies the spatiotemporal evolution process and cause of formation of Hanyuan landslide. The research results show that InSAR technology can effectively monitor the creep deformation of landslides and can provide some reference for the local government to identify landslides in the early stage.

Keywords: InSAR; surface deformation; landslide; SBAS; spatiotemporal evolution
Fukushima and Chernobyl: similarities and differences of radiocesium behavior in the soil-water environment
Authors: Konoplev Alexei
Published: February 2023

In the wake of Chernobyl and Fukushima accidents radiocesium has become a radionuclide of most environmental concern. The ease with which this radionuclide moves through the environment and is taken up by plants and animals is governed by its chemical forms and site-specific environmental characteristics. Distinctions in climate and geomorphology, as well as 137Cs speciation in the fallout result in differences in migration rates of 137Cs in the environment and rates of its natural attenuation. In Fukushima areas 137Cs was found to be strongly bound to soil and sediment particles, its bioavailability being reduced as a result.  Up to 80% of the deposited 137Cs on the soil were reported to be incorporated in hot glassy particles (CsMPs) insoluble in water. Disintegration of these particles in the environment is much slower than of Chernobyl-derived fuel particles. The higher annual precipitation and steep slopes in Fukushima contaminated areas are conducive to higher erosion and higher total radiocesium wash-off. Typhoons Etou in 2015 and Hagibis in 2019 demonstrated the pronounced redistribution of 137Cs on river watersheds and floodplains, and in some cases natural self-decontamination occurred. Among the common features in 137Cs behavior in Chernobyl and Fukushima is a slow decrease in 137Cs activity concentration in small, closed, and semi-closed lakes and its particular seasonal variations: increase in summer and decrease in winter.
Focal mechanism of intermediate and deep depth earthquakes at the Peru-Brazil-Bolivia border
Authors: Pro Carmen , Buforn Elisa , Tavera Hernando , Mattesini Maurizio , Udías Agustín
Published: February 2023

We have estimated the source mechanisms of 15 intermediate (100 < h < 300 km) and 11 deep (h> 500 km) depth earthquakes (Mw ≥ 6.0), located at the Peru-Brazil-Bolivia border. From teleseismic waveforms, using the slip inversion over the rupture plane, we have estimated the fault-plane orientation, scalar seismic moment, source time function, slip distribution, rupture velocity and stress drop. From north to south direction, for shocks located between 1 ºS and 12 ºS, the focal mechanisms of intermediate and deep events correspond to normal faulting with horizontal extension approximately in E-W direction. In this region, the Nazca plate, moves as a flat slab at a depth of 120 km between 400 km to 600 km distances from the trench. At greater distances from the trench, the Nazca plate begins to dip. Further south, from 13 ºS to 20ºS, the tension axes present a greater dip for intermediate earthquakes, in agreement with the change from flat to dipping subduction. We do not observe any significant difference between the, slip distribution, STF, rupture velocity and stress drop for intermediate and deep earthquakes. The stress drop shows values with slight differences between the northern group (1 ºS - 12 ºS) of earthquakes and the southern one (13 ºS - 20ºS). The shape of the source time functions of intermediate and deep earthquake presents a depth dependence in agreement with the conclusions of other studies. The source time functions of intermediate events are more complex than those of deep ones and present a longer mean duration. From these results we present a stress pattern scheme of the slab, showing at intermediate depth a horizontal extension in the northern part correlated to the flat slab, and with vertical compression for deeper events. In the southern part there are dipping extensions at intermediate depth and dipping compressions at a deep depth.
Developing parsimonious model for digital soil mapping using forward recursive feature selection
Authors: Chen Songchao , Zhang Xianglin , Xue Jie , Wang Nan , Xiao Yi , Shi Zhou , Richer-de-Forges Anne , Arrouays Dominique
Published: February 2023

In the context of increasing soil degradation worldwide, spatially explicit soil information is urgently needed to support decision-making for sustaining limited soil resources. Digital soil mapping (DSM) has been proven as an efficient way to deliver soil information from local to global scales. The number of environmental covariates used for DSM has rapidly increased due to the growing volume of remote sensing data, therefore variable selection is necessary to deal with multicollinearity and improve model parsimony. Compared with Boruta, recursive feature elimination (RFE), and variance inflation factor (VIF) analysis, we proposed the use of modified greedy feature selection, namely forward recursive feature selection (FRFS), for DSM regression. For this purpose, using quantile regression forest, 402 soil samples and 392 environmental covariates were used to map the spatial distribution of soil organic carbon density (SOCD) in Northeast and North China. The result showed that FRFS selected the most parsimonious model with only 9 covariates (e.g., brightness index, mean annual temperature), much lower than RFE (22 covariates), VIF (30 covariates), and Boruta (76 covariates). The repeated validation (50 times) showed that the FRFS derived model performed better than these using full covariates, Boruta, RFE and VIF. Despite the similar performance of the uncertainty estimate (PICP), the model using FRFS and RFE had the lowest global uncertainty (0.86) as indicated by the uncertainty index. In addition, FRFS had the best computation efficiency when considering the steps of variable selection and map prediction. Given these advantages over Boruta, RFE and VIF, FRFS has a high potential in fine-resolution soil mapping practices, especially for these studies at a broad scale involving heavy computation on millions or billions of pixels.
Adaptive covariance hybridization for coupled climate reanalysis
Authors: Counillon Francois , Barthelemy Sebastien , Wang Yiguo
Published: February 2023

Because of their very heavy computational burden, climate prediction systems that use ensemble data assimilation methods can afford only a few tens of members. Sampling error in the covariance matrix can introduce biases in the unobserved regions (e.g. in the deep ocean). Here, we assess the potential of hybrid covariance approach (EnKF-OI, Hamill and Snyder 2000) to counteract sampling error. The EnKF-OI combines the dynamical covariance to that of a large static/historical covariance (EnOI). We use the Norwegian Climate Prediction Model (NorCPM), which combines the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM) and the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) in an idealized twin experiment. We test the performance of reanalyses that assimilate synthetic SST observations monthly for the period 1980-2010. We use a dynamical ensemble of 30 members and a static ensemble size of 315 members sampled from a long stable pre-industrial run. We compare the performance of the EnKF to 1) an EnKF-OI with a global hybrid coefficient tuned empirically and 2) an EnKF-OI adaptive, with hybrid coefficient explicitly estimated in space and time (Ménétrier and Auligné, 2015). In the adaptive EnKF-OI, the hybrid coefficient remains stable through the course of the reanalysis with only a weak seasonal variability.  Both EnKF-OI versions show comparable performance and cure the emergence of a bias in the deep ocean in the EnKF. The assimilation updates with the EnKF-OI adaptative are smaller, suggesting that it sustains a lower error level in between the assimilation cycle. 
JTRF2020: Results and Next Steps
Authors: Gross Richard , Abbondanza Claudio , Chin Mike , Heflin Mike , Parker Jay
Published: February 2023

JPL's newly developed software for determining terrestrial reference frames, known as SREF (Square-root Reference frame Estimation Filter), has been used to produce JTRF2020, a combined terrestrial reference frame determined from the input SINEX files submitted by the IVS, IGS, ILRS, and IDS for ITRF2020. SREF, being based on a square-root information filter and smoother, determines the reference frame sequentially from the input station position time series. For JTRF2020, 525 GNSS, 194 DORIS, 116 SLR, and 96 VLBI, or a total of 931, station position time series were used. Incorporating process noise in SREF, determined from geophysical fluid loading models, allows the observed station positions to be smoothed between discontinuities caused by earthquakes and equipment changes. Reference frames determined by SREF, like JTRF2020, are represented by this set of smoothed station position time series. SREF also fits a model to the station's observations and uses the model to fill gaps in the station's observing history, to forecast the position of the station after it stopped observing, and to hindcast its position before it started observing. For JTRF2020, the model consists of a piecewise linear trend, an annual periodic term, and a sum of exponential terms to represent postseismic motion for those stations that experience postseismic motion. The result of using SREF to determine JTRF2020 will be presented.
Development of PM2.5 forecasting system in Seoul, South Korea using chemical transport modeling and ConvLSTM-DNN  
Authors: Koo Youn-Seo , Koo Ji-Seok , Yun Hui-Young , Wang Kyung-Hui
Published: February 2023

Ambient exposure to PM2.5 can adversely affect public health, and forecasting PM2.5 is essential for implementing protection measures in advance. Current PM2.5 forecasting systems are primarily based on the chemical transport model of Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling systems and the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. However, the forecasting accuracies of these models are substantially constrained by uncertainties in the input data of anthropogenic emissions and meteorological fields, as well as inherent limitations in the models. 

The PM2.5 concentrations in South Korea largely depend on the long-range transport (LRT) from China and local emissions; therefore, input feature data and machine learning algorithms were designed to reflect the spatial relationship between the source and receptor regions as well as the local temporal variation in PM2.5 in forecast regions. 

The PM2.5 forecasting system developed in this study aimed at overcoming the limitations of CMAQ predictions as well as reflecting the spatial and temporal characteristics effectively by utilizing advanced hybrid machine learning algorithms of convLSTM and DNN. The proposed system was developed using forecast data from CMAQ and WRF, as well as observed PM2.5 concentrations and meteorological variables at monitoring stations in China and South Korea. It was then applied to PM2.5 forecasting in Seoul, South Korea. 

The forecasting system was tested for 2015-2020 and evaluated for 2021. The performance of the hybrid model could effectively reduce the bias in the CMAQ forecast by improving the accuracy as well as the probability of PM2.5 episode detection.  

 
Feasibility evaluation of utilizing mine tailings as a paste backfill material for mine filling
Authors: Yim Giljae , Ji Sangwoo , Cheong Youngwook , Cho Dong-Wan
Published: February 2023

There are totally 5,396 mines located in South Korea, and 2,033 mines are presently closed or abandoned. According to the current status of mine hazard by mine damage type (2017) of the Korea Mine Rehabilitation and mineral Resources Corporation, mine hazard could be caused by tailings loss in 237 mines. Mining stream/void inside the mines are inevitably formed during resource development, and therefore the appropriate management for the mine stability is continuously needed. Mining filling is regarded as one of the best options since the filling mass acts as a secondary support material that can ensure the stability of the mine void and increase the yielding rate of mining. This study evaluated the suitability of harmless tailings, generated from mine development, as a paste backfill material to secure the stability of mine. The particle size of tailings collected at the tungsten mine used in the study was suitable to be used as a paste backfill materials. The strength of cement solidified using test materials was affected by the content of cement and curing duration of the backfill materials sample. It turned out that above 3.5% the cement content and curing for two weeks were an optimal condition to produce the safe cement. In the Environment Ministry's water pollutant emission acceptance standards (South Korea), the tested backfill materials passed all domestic standards for As, Cd, Cr+6, Pb, Cu, and Hg. The environmental/physical properties of tailings obtained from the results demonstrated that the use the tailings as a paste backfill material to fill the inner space of mines could be considered as a promising option. This evaluation results will contribute to the stabilization of mining enemies and restoration of mine damage in abandoned mine areas through economical and efficient treatment of tailings.
The Operation and Service of National Land Satellite
Authors: Yun Hyewon , Choi Yun-Soo , Joo Sunghee ,   National Geographic Information Institute Korea Land Satellite Center
Published: February 2023

Korean National Land Satellite 1 has been launched with a mission to map national geospatial information and to monitor land resource and disasters on March 22, 2021. The satellite has a precise optical payload of 5 multi-spectral bands (Pan, R, G, B, and NIR). It observes the ground of 12 kilometers width at a 0.5m GSD (Ground Sample Distance) mainly over the Korean Peninsula and global areas of interest during at least four years.The product of National Land Satellite is classified to 4 levels: Basic geometry image based on initial satellite position (Level 1); Precise Ortho-rectified image (Level 2);Reproduced 2D/3D information only with Level 2 (Level 3); and Reproduced 2D/3D information with Precise image(Level 2/3) and other spatial information (Level 4). As the first 0.5m-scale satellite, Level 1 and Level 2 products are open and accessible to the Korean public. In case of Level 2 product, the average location accuracy shows about 1~4m in Korea, depending on the number of available Ground Control Points (GCP) and Level 2 product will produce North Korea Digital Map at 1:5,000 scale. The level 3 and level 4 will be serviced to the public in stage from 2023. The Korea national land satellite can be used to monitor disaster damage, especially for monitoring climate change caused by increasing greenhouse gas emissions through increasing plastic waste. In addition, it is expected that it can be used to generate high value-added spatial information such as 3D spatial information through convergence between various spatial information and land satellite information. Acknowledgment: This work was supported by Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MOLIT) of Korean government and Korea Environment Industry & Technology Institute (KEITI) through Plastic-Free Specialized Graduate School funded by Korea Ministry of Environment (MOE).Keywords : #National Land Satellite, #CAS500, #High resolution, #0.5m, #Diaster #plastic waste #climate change
NOAA's Unified Forecast System Research to Operations (UFS R2O) Project- Accomplishments till date and Future Plans 
Authors: Tallapragada Vijay , Whitaker Jeffrey , Kinter Jim
Published: February 2023

The UFS-R2O Project, which began in July 2020 as a five-year plan with deliverables for the first two years funded, has made significant progress in developing the medium-range and sub-seasonal to seasonal (MRW/S2S) predictions, and a regional, high-resolution hourly-updating and convection-allowing ensemble system for prediction of short range severe weather (CAM/SRW).  The Project fostered successful collaborations between the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Environmental Modeling Center, several NOAA research labs, the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), the Naval Research Lab (NRL) and multiple universities and cooperative institutes, and facilitated the development of a six-way global coupled (atmosphere/ocean/land/sea-ice/wave/aerosol) modeling system within the UFS framework, a major accomplishment from the community modeling perspective.  

The UFS-R2O Project has entered into the third year, albeit with reduced funding, to continue the momentum built during the first two years.  A new Hurricane Application is added to the project to develop a very high-resolution Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) with storm following moving nests, and the project was reorganized with Application Teams and Development Teams interacting with each other to reflect the cross-cutting nature of the UFS components and infrastructure.  While the first two years of the project were focused on engineering and infrastructure, Year 3 is primarily targeting systematic testing and evaluation of the prototype UFS configurations for selecting the candidates for potential transition to operations in the next few years.

Highlights of the progress accomplished thus far include: (1) finalizing the UFS coupled model configuration for MRW/S2S applications; (2) advances in weakly coupled data assimilation system that can update the ocean, sea-ice, land and atmospheric states; (3) development of a limited-area convective-scale short-range ensemble prediction system that will form the basis for the Rapid Refresh Forecast System (RRFS); and (4) transition to operations the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) that will replace legacy hurricane models in operations.  

This presentation describes the outcomes of the UFS R2O Project for the first two years, highlights the progress for Year 3, and presents plans for Year 4 and beyond..
Assessment of Water Consumption Pattern & Agricultural Production using Water accounting Plus (WA+) Framework: A case study of Mahi River basin  
Authors: Patle Pooja , Sharma Ashutosh , Singh Pushpendra Kumar , Ahmad Ishtiyaq , Matsuno Yutaka , Leh Mansoor , Ghosh Surajit
Published: February 2023

Concerns about managing water resources and ensuring food security in arid and semi-arid regions have grown due to increasing demands on water resources and food production. The Water Accounting Plus (WA+) approach is employed in this context to determine water consumption pathways occurring on various land uses, crop production (Land Productivity: LP), and Water Productivity (WP) in the Mahi Basin, India. The WA+ framework is appropriate for the data-scarce region since it allows the use of satellite-driven datasets for analyzing hydrological processes. The Budyko curve concept is used to differentiate between irrigation- and rain-fed agriculture by identifying the green and blue water consumption (ET). The WA+ framework uses remote sensing-based datasets from various sources for this purpose, which were used in this study for the period of 2003-2020. The average ETgreen and ETblue in the Mahi basin are found to be 15.8 km3/year and 12.32 km3/year, respectively. The average LP and WP for both the irrigated and rainfed cereals in the basin are found as 2287.71 kg/ha & 1713.62 kg/ha and 0.721 kg/m³ & 0.483 kg/m³, respectively, from 2003 to 2020. The results also indicate that the basin is highly reliant on irrigation for agricultural activities, which are neither efficient nor productive. There is significant potential for improvement in water production and beneficial water usage by using proper water management techniques. This study emphasizes the significance of water accounting and information for decision-makers, researchers, and farmer communities to create realistic goals and increase crop production in water-scarce locations.

 

 