bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advantage of Alginate Bioinks in Biofabrication for Various Tissue Engineering Applications
Authors: Datta Sudipto
Published: June 2023

Bioprinting is fast emerging as a viable technique for organ fabrication. Though various types of bioprinting methods have been developed, the most commonly used bioprinting is extrusion-based bioprinting (EBB). Bioinks are extruded layer-by-layer forming a 3D multicellular construct and scaled up to dimensions depending upon the specific tissue to be regenerated. Among various bioinks, alginate, a natural polysaccharide, has been extensively used because of its good printability in physiologically amenable conditions. Though alginate possesses good printability properties, it promotes little cell–material interaction resulting in limited biofunctionality. Therefore, it becomes necessary to blend/modify alginate to improve the biological properties of bioink without compromising printability. This paper presents a review of the various approaches used to optimize bioprinting with alginate bioinks and their limitations.
Data from Impact of BMI on Prevalence of Dense Breasts by Race and Ethnicity
Authors: Kerlikowske Karla , Bissell Michael C. S. , Sprague Brian L. , Tice Jeffrey A. , Tossas Katherine Y. , Bowles Erin J. A. , Ho Thao-Quyen H. , Keegan Theresa H. M. , Miglioretti Diana L.
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground:
Density notification laws require notifying women of dense breasts with dense breast prevalence varying by race/ethnicity. We evaluated whether differences in body mass index (BMI) account for differences in dense breasts prevalence by race/ethnicity.
Methods:
Prevalence of dense breasts (heterogeneously or extremely dense) according to Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System and obesity (BMI > 30 kg/m2) were estimated from 2,667,207 mammography examinations among 866,033 women in the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) from January 2005 through April 2021. Prevalence ratios (PR) for dense breasts relative to overall prevalence by race/ethnicity were estimated by standardizing race/ethnicity prevalence in the BCSC to the 2020 U.S. population, and adjusting for age, menopausal status, and BMI using logistic regression.
Results:
Dense breasts were most prevalent among Asian women (66.0%) followed by non-Hispanic/Latina (NH) White (45.5%), Hispanic/Latina (45.3%), and NH Black (37.0%) women. Obesity was most prevalent in Black women (58.4%) followed by Hispanic/Latina (39.3%), NH White (30.6%), and Asian (8.5%) women. The adjusted prevalence of dense breasts was 19% higher [PR = 1.19; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19–1.20] in Asian women, 8% higher (PR = 1.08; 95% CI, 1.07–1.08) in Black women, the same in Hispanic/Latina women (PR = 1.00; 95% CI, 0.99–1.01), and 4% lower (PR = 0.96; 95% CI, 0.96–0.97) in NH White women relative to the overall prevalence.
Conclusions:
Clinically important differences in breast density prevalence are present across racial/ethnic groups after accounting for age, menopausal status, and BMI.
Impact:
If breast density is the sole criterion used to notify women of dense breasts and discuss supplemental screening it may result in implementing inequitable screening strategies across racial/ethnic groups.

See related In the Spotlight, p. 1479
Data from Risk Factors for Early-onset Sporadic Colorectal Cancer in Male Veterans
Authors: Imperiale Thomas F. , Myers Laura J. , Barker Barry C. , Larson Jason , Stump Timothy E. , Daggy Joanne K.
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Identifying risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) could help reverse its rising incidence through risk factor reduction and/or early screening. We sought to identify EOCRC risk factors that could be used for decisions about early screening. Using electronic databases and medical record review, we compared male veterans ages 35 to 49 years diagnosed with sporadic EOCRC (2008–2015) matched 1:4 to clinic and colonoscopy controls without colorectal cancer, excluding those with established inflammatory bowel disease, high-risk polyposis, and nonpolyposis syndromes, prior bowel resection, and high-risk family history. We ascertained sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, family and personal medical history, physical measures, vital signs, medications, and laboratory values 6 to 18 months prior to case diagnosis. In the derivation cohort (75% of the total sample), univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to derive a full model and a more parsimonious model. Both models were tested using a validation cohort. Among 600 cases of sporadic EOCRC [mean (SD) age 45.2 (3.5) years; 66% White], 1,200 primary care clinic controls [43.4 (4.2) years; 68% White], and 1,200 colonoscopy controls [44.7 (3.8) years; 63% White], independent risk factors included age, cohabitation and employment status, body mass index (BMI), comorbidity, colorectal cancer, or other visceral cancer in a first- or second-degree relative (FDR or SDR), alcohol use, exercise, hyperlipidemia, use of statins, NSAIDs, and multivitamins. Validation c-statistics were 0.75–0.76 for the full model and 0.74–0.75 for the parsimonious model, respectively. These independent risk factors for EOCRC may identify veterans for whom colorectal cancer screening prior to age 45 or 50 years should be considered.
Prevention Relevance:
Screening 45- to 49-year-olds for colorectal cancer is relatively new with uncertain uptake thus far. Furthermore, half of EOCRC occurs in persons < 45 years old. Using risk factors may help 45- to 49-year-olds accept screening and may identify younger persons for whom earlier screening should be considered.
Supplementary Table S5 from Comutations and KRASG12C Inhibitor Efficacy in Advanced NSCLC
Authors: Negrao Marcelo V. , Araujo Haniel A. , Lamberti Giuseppe , Cooper Alissa J. , Akhave Neal S. , Zhou Teng , Delasos Lukas , Hicks J. Kevin , Aldea Mihaela , Minuti Gabriele , Hines Jacobi , Aredo Jacqueline V. , Dennis Michael J. , Chakrabarti Turja , Scott Susan C. , Bironzo Paolo , Scheffler Matthias , Christopoulos Petros , Stenzinger Albrecht , Riess Jonathan W. , Kim So Yeon , Goldberg Sarah B. , Li Mingjia , Wang Qi , Qing Yun , Ni Ying , Do Minh Truong , Lee Richard , Ricciuti Biagio , Alessi Joao Victor , Wang Jing , Resuli Blerina , Landi Lorenza , Tseng Shu-Chi , Nishino Mizuki , Digumarthy Subba R. , Rinsurongkawong Waree , Rinsurongkawong Vadeerat , Vaporciyan Ara A. , Blumenschein George R. , Zhang Jianjun , Owen Dwight H. , Blakely Collin M. , Mountzios Giannis , Shu Catherine A. , Bestvina Christine M. , Garassino Marina Chiara , Marrone Kristen A. , Gray Jhanelle E. , Patel Sandip Pravin , Cummings Amy L. , Wakelee Heather A. , Wolf Juergen , Scagliotti Giorgio Vittorio , Cappuzzo Federico , Barlesi Fabrice , Patil Pradnya D. , Drusbosky Leylah , Gibbons Don L. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Lee J. Jack , Heymach John V. , Hong David S. , Heist Rebecca S. , Awad Mark M. , Skoulidis Ferdinandos
Published: June 2023

Multivariable analysis - overall survival
Supplementary Figure S3 from Comutations and KRASG12C Inhibitor Efficacy in Advanced NSCLC
Authors: Negrao Marcelo V. , Araujo Haniel A. , Lamberti Giuseppe , Cooper Alissa J. , Akhave Neal S. , Zhou Teng , Delasos Lukas , Hicks J. Kevin , Aldea Mihaela , Minuti Gabriele , Hines Jacobi , Aredo Jacqueline V. , Dennis Michael J. , Chakrabarti Turja , Scott Susan C. , Bironzo Paolo , Scheffler Matthias , Christopoulos Petros , Stenzinger Albrecht , Riess Jonathan W. , Kim So Yeon , Goldberg Sarah B. , Li Mingjia , Wang Qi , Qing Yun , Ni Ying , Do Minh Truong , Lee Richard , Ricciuti Biagio , Alessi Joao Victor , Wang Jing , Resuli Blerina , Landi Lorenza , Tseng Shu-Chi , Nishino Mizuki , Digumarthy Subba R. , Rinsurongkawong Waree , Rinsurongkawong Vadeerat , Vaporciyan Ara A. , Blumenschein George R. , Zhang Jianjun , Owen Dwight H. , Blakely Collin M. , Mountzios Giannis , Shu Catherine A. , Bestvina Christine M. , Garassino Marina Chiara , Marrone Kristen A. , Gray Jhanelle E. , Patel Sandip Pravin , Cummings Amy L. , Wakelee Heather A. , Wolf Juergen , Scagliotti Giorgio Vittorio , Cappuzzo Federico , Barlesi Fabrice , Patil Pradnya D. , Drusbosky Leylah , Gibbons Don L. , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Lee J. Jack , Heymach John V. , Hong David S. , Heist Rebecca S. , Awad Mark M. , Skoulidis Ferdinandos
Published: June 2023

Survival outcomes according to KEAP1 (A), SMARCA4 (B), and CDKN2A (C) co-mutation status in Cohorts A and B.
Supplementary Figure S2 from Multi-institutional prognostic modelling in head and neck cancer:
evaluating impact and generalizability of deep learning and
radiomics
Authors: Kazmierski Michal , Welch Mattea , Kim Sejin , McIntosh Chris , Rey-McIntyre Katrina , Huang Shao Hui , Patel Tirth , Tadic Tony , Milosevic Michael , Liu Fei-Fei , Ryczkowski Adam , Kazmierska Joanna , Ye Zezhong , Plana Deborah , Aerts Hugo JWL , Kann Benjamin H , Bratman Scott V. , Hope Andrew J , Haibe-Kains Benjamin
Published: June 2023

Calibration of predicted 2-year event probabilities for the best performing model in each category and the ensemble of all models.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Safety and Clinical Response to Combined Immunotherapy with Autologous iNKT Cells and PD-1+CD8+ T Cells in Patients Failing First-line Chemotherapy in Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Jing , Cheng Xiaobo , Jin Yanling , Xia Bili , Qin Ran , Zhang Wei , Hu Huiliang , Mao Xiaoting , Zhou Liting , Yan Jia , Zhang Xiaoyan , Xu Jianqing
Published: June 2023

Expression of costimulatory receptor (A. ICOS and 4-1BB) and checkpoint ligands (B. CTLA-4 and PD-1) are assessed in expanded PD-1+CD8+ T cell products (n=5). Expression of CXCR4 and CXCR3 on PD-1+CD8+ T cells pre- and post-expansion are assessed by flow cytometry, and shown in C and D respectively (n=5).
FIGURE 2 from Safety and Clinical Response to Combined Immunotherapy with Autologous iNKT Cells and PD-1+CD8+ T Cells in Patients Failing First-line Chemotherapy in Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Jing , Cheng Xiaobo , Jin Yanling , Xia Bili , Qin Ran , Zhang Wei , Hu Huiliang , Mao Xiaoting , Zhou Liting , Yan Jia , Zhang Xiaoyan , Xu Jianqing
Published: June 2023

Characteristics of iNKT cells and PD-1+CD8+ T cells in the cell products were assessed by flow cytometry. A, Gating strategy of iNKT cells identified as CD3+TCR Vα24+ cells in PBMCs (left) and in cell products after expansion (right). B, The purity of iNKT cells as a percentage in CD3+ T cells before and after expansion ex vivo (paired t test). C, Gating strategy of PD-1+CD8+ T cells. PD-1 FMO was applied to rigorously define the PD-1+ cells. D, Memory status of PD-1+CD8+ T cells before (orange) and after expansion ex vivo (blue) by staining CD27 and CD45RA on cell membrane. E, Staining of CXCR3 and CXCR4 on PD-1+CD8+ T cells before (orange) and after expansion (blue).
FIGURE 1 from Safety and Clinical Response to Combined Immunotherapy with Autologous iNKT Cells and PD-1+CD8+ T Cells in Patients Failing First-line Chemotherapy in Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Jing , Cheng Xiaobo , Jin Yanling , Xia Bili , Qin Ran , Zhang Wei , Hu Huiliang , Mao Xiaoting , Zhou Liting , Yan Jia , Zhang Xiaoyan , Xu Jianqing
Published: June 2023

Schematic of study design and patient deposition. A, Treatment regimen. B, Patient deposition per Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials guidelines.
Data from Safety and Clinical Response to Combined Immunotherapy with Autologous iNKT Cells and PD-1+CD8+ T Cells in Patients Failing First-line Chemotherapy in Stage IV Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Wang Jing , Cheng Xiaobo , Jin Yanling , Xia Bili , Qin Ran , Zhang Wei , Hu Huiliang , Mao Xiaoting , Zhou Liting , Yan Jia , Zhang Xiaoyan , Xu Jianqing
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
A phase I clinical trial was conducted to assess the safety and feasibility of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells combined with PD-1+CD8+ T cells in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and failing the first-line chemotherapy.
Patients and Methods:
Fifteen eligible patients were enrolled, of whom 9 received at least three cycles of treatment each. In total, 59 courses were administered.
Results:
Fever was the most common adverse event, peaking at about 2–4 hours after cell infusion and reverting within 24 hours without treatment in all patients. Influenza-like reactions such as headache, myalgia, and arthralgia were also observed in 4, 4, and 3 of the patients, respectively. In addition, vomiting and dizziness were prevalent, while abdominal pain, chest pain, rash, and stuffy nose were rare adverse events, each reported in 1 patient. Side effects above grade 2 were not observed. Two patients achieved partial regression, while 1 patient experienced disease progression assessed 4 weeks after the third course. Three patients are still alive at the time of writing and have progression-free survival longer than 12 months. The overall survival time has been extended to over 12 months in 6 of the 9 patients. No constant changes of CD4+ T, B, and NK cells were recorded except for elevated CD8+ T cells after the first course.
Conclusions:
The combination of autologous iNKT cells and PD-1+CD8+ T cells was a safe therapeutic strategy against advanced pancreatic cancer. The patients exhibited a potentially promising prolonged survival time. Further study appears warranted to evaluate the efficacy of these combined cell infusions in pancreatic cancer.
Trial registration:
This trial was included in the clinical trial which was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (ID:NCT03093688) on March 15, 2017.
Significance:
There is an unmet need for novel, more effective, and tolerable therapies for pancreatic cancer. Here we present a phase I clinical trial employing iNKT cells combined with PD-1+CD8+ T cells in 9 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and failing the first-line chemotherapy. The combined immunotherapy was shown to be feasible in the enrolled patients with limited side effects and optimistic clinical responses, which could bring opportunity of therapeutic advancement.
Managing Uncertainties in Human Resource Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Soraya Evitha , Rugaiyah  , Rosidi Unifah , Sujanto Bedjo
Published: June 2023

This study aimed at providing information to help HR practitioners understand the uncertainties caused by COVID-19 by addressing questions on what certainties are faced by HR practitioners in the education sector; what factors are seen as stressors, what characteristics need to be developed, and what solutions are proposed to overcome uncertainties in this pandemic of COVID-19. This qualitative study used a cross-sectional survey design. Electronic questionnaires were employed to collect qualitative data from 40 respondents based on purposive sampling. The study reveals that there are various types of uncertainties faced by HR managers or practitioners, ranging from organization operation to the ability to predict employees’ plans and actions. The main stressor during the pandemic is employees' safety perceptions of threats and risk of COVID-19 transmission. Others are the drastic change in the way of work and job insecurity and lack of valid information about COVID-19. Resilience, tolerance, and curiosity are the qualities that need to be developed by HR managers or practitioners. To overcome the uncertainties, HR Managers and practitioners could provide training on technology and competency development as the best strategy to overcome the uncertainties. Optimizing channels of communication, preparing transparency plans, providing facilities to support teleworking management, and arranging of work flexibility policy are alter strategies.
The in vitro effects of n-3 fatty acids on immune response regulation of bovine ex vivo endometrial explants
Authors: Carneiro Luisa Cunha , Saut João Paulo Elsen , Almeida Mariana de Oliveira , Barbosa Sara Pedrosa Franco , Williams Erin Jane , Celeghini Eneiva Carla Carvalho
Published: June 2023

Fatty acids are considered metabolic intermediaries, although new facts indicate they also work as signaling molecules with different roles in the immune response. Based on that, in this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and α-linolenic acid (LNA) in ex vivo bovine endometrial explants. For this, two groups were formed: (1) LPS-challenged and (2) control, both to evaluate the accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines as interleukin 1β (IL1B) and interleukin 6 (IL6). To develop the study, bovine female reproductive tracts from non-pregnant Angus heifers without evidence of reproductive diseases were selected. Endometrial explants were processed and treated for 24 h with EPA, DHA, and LNA in five different concentrations (0μM, 50μM, 100 μM, 200μM and 400 μM) and then, challenged with LPS for 24 h. Supernatants were collected to evaluate the concentration of IL1B and IL6 by ELISA. Explants treated with EPA from control groups reduced the concentrations of ILB (200µM) and IL6 (400 µM), and IL6 (50 µM; 100 µM) from the LPS-challenged group. DHA decreased the accumulation of IL1B and IL6 at 200 µM on explants from the LPS-challenged group, and 200 µM reduced IL6 from the control group. In contrast, explants treated with LNA only reduced the accumulation of IL1B to 400μM (from both groups). In conclusion, the EPA acid is the best anti inflammatory option to decrease the concentration of both pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL1B and IL6) from LPS-challenged and control groups in bovine endometrial explants; while LNA evidence to be the last option to promote an anti-inflammatory response.
The Role of Income in System Justification
Authors: Agadullina Elena R.
Published: June 2023

Background. System justification theory asserts that people’s motivation to defend, justify, and maintain the status quo depends on their socio-economic status. At the same time practically nothing is known about the mediators for the relationship between a person’s income and his adherence to system justification. Objective. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of income in motivating an individual to justify the system, taking into account as potential mediators of this relationship his sense of control over life and level of life satisfaction. Design. In an online study (N = 410), a double sequential mediation model was tested, with an individual’s income as an independent variable, his/her system justification as a dependent variable, and his/her perceived control over life and level of life satisfaction as mediators. The impact of education was controlled by inserting it into the model as a covariate. Results. The results demonstrated that people with low incomes justify the system more than people with high incomes do. At the same time, there was a positive indirect effect of income on system justification, indicating that, compared to people with low incomes, those with high incomes had a more pronounced sense of control over their lives, which contributed to an increase in their level of life satisfaction, and was positively associated with justification of the status quo. Conclusion. The results are discussed in terms of differences in the palliative function of system justification for individuals of different socio-economic status.
Post-War Interventionism and Diplomatic Practice in Bosnia Herzegovina: Too Much or Too Little?
Authors: Minasi Nicola
Published: June 2023

After almost 30 years from the Dayton Agreement of 1995, time has come to appraise the successes and failures of interventionism in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). By drawing on insights from a practitioner’s perspective, the article explores the dynamic of diplomatic action and offers a template to assess its (in)effectiveness. With time, rifts have emerged in the international community both in messaging and operational terms, which have reduced, rather than increased, the positive effects of concerted action. Moreover, whilst the Office of the High Representative (ohr) has been an important tool for reconstruction and peace-making, its role remains incompatible with the prospect of full European Union (EU) membership, thus becoming a divisive actor. At the same time the US and UK have come to see the ohr and other non-EU organisations, such as nato and the osce, as the main tools for a continued presence in the country, making overall cooperation more complicated. A “grand plan” is therefore needed to reunite the forces of the players of good will. This will require an arrangement for the winding up of the ohr, coupled with constitutional reform. To this end a new vision for BiH is necessary, both at the international and local level, to better spell out what a “European BiH” should really look like.
LILAC 2023
Authors: Chung Lisa
Published: June 2023

A lighthearted report from the LILAC 2023 conference, held in Cambridge, covering summaries of several talks and the overall conference experience from a first-time attendee.
Insights on Satellite-Based IMERG Precipitation Estimates at Multiple Space and Time Scales for a Developing Urban Region in India
Authors: Ponukumati Padmini , Mohammed Azharuddin , Regonda Satish
Published: June 2023

Satellite-based rainfall estimates are a great resource for data-scarce regions, including urban regions, because of its finer resolution. Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) is a widely used product and is evaluated at a city scale for the Hyderabad region using two different ground truths, i.e., India Meteorological Department (IMD) gridded rainfall and Telangana State Development Planning Society (TSDPS) automatic weather station (AWS) measured rainfall. The IMERG rainfall estimates are evaluated on multiple spatial and temporal scales as well as on a rainfall event scale. Both continuous and categorical verification metrics suggest good performance of IMERG on the daily scale; however, relatively decreased performance was observed on the hourly scale. Underestimated and overestimated IMERG estimates with respect to IMD gridded rainfall and AWS measured rainfall, respectively, suggest the performance depends on type of ground truth. Unlike categorical metrics, RMSE and PBIAS have a pattern implying a systematic error with respect to rainfall amount. Further, sample size, diurnal variations, and season are found to have a role in IMERG estimates’ performance. Temporal aggregation of hourly to daily time scales showed the improved IMERG performance; however, no spatial-scale dependence was observed among zonewise and Hyderabad region–wise rainfall estimates. Comparison of raw and bias-corrected IMERG rainfall-based intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves with corresponding hourly rain gauge IDF curves showcases the value addition via simple bias correction techniques. Overall, the study suggests the IMERG estimates can be used as an alternative data source, and it can be further improved by modifying the retrieval algorithm.

Significance Statement

Many urban regions are typically data sparse, which limits scientific understanding and reliable engineering designs of various urban hydrometeorology-relevant tasks, including climatological and extreme rainfall characterization, flood hazard assessment, and stormwater management systems. Satellite rainfall estimates come as a great resource and Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) acts as a best alternative. The Hyderabad region, the sixth-largest metropolitan area in India, is selected to analyze the widely used satellite estimates, i.e., retrievals for GPM. The study observed inaccuracies in the IMERG estimates that varied with rainfall magnitudes and space and time scales; nonetheless, the estimates can be used as an alternative data source for decision-making such as whether rain exceeds a certain threshold or not.
Impacts of Marine Surface Pressure Observations from a Spaceborne Differential Absorption Radar Investigated with an Observing System Simulation Experiment
Authors: Privé N. C. , McLinden Matthew , Lin Bing , Moradi Isaac , Sienkiewicz Meta , Heymsfield G. M. , McCarty Will
Published: June 2023

A new instrument has been proposed for measuring surface air pressure over the marine surface with a combined active/passive scanning multichannel differential absorption radar to provide an estimate of the total atmospheric column oxygen content. A demonstrator instrument, the Microwave Barometric Radar and Sounder (MBARS), has been funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration for airborne test missions. Here, a proof-of-concept study to evaluate the potential impact of spaceborne surface pressure data on numerical weather prediction is performed using the Goddard Modeling and Assimilation Office global observing system simulation experiment (OSSE) framework. This OSSE framework employs the Goddard Earth Observing System model and the hybrid 4D ensemble variational Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation data assimilation system. Multiple flight and scanning configurations of potential spaceborne orbits are examined. Swath width and observation spacing for the surface pressure data are varied to explore a range of sampling strategies. For wider swaths, the addition of surface pressures reduces the root-mean-square surface pressure analysis error by as much as 20% over some ocean regions. The forecast sensitivity observation impact tool estimates impacts on the Pacific Ocean basin boundary layer 24-h forecast temperatures for spaceborne surface pressures that are on par with rawinsondes and aircraft and estimates greater impacts than the current network of ships and buoys. The largest forecast impacts are found in the Southern Hemisphere extratropics.
The Effects of Race and Gender When Predicting Intimate Partner Violence Recidivism in Police Reports Using the Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Assessment
Authors: Hilton N. Zoe , Radatz Dana L.
Published: June 2023

Despite a growth in risk assessment for intimate partner violence (IPV), validation research has focused on men’s violence against women leading to a dearth of research among other genders and racialized populations. We examined validity of an IPV risk assessment tool in 448 Black and White men and women identified as IPV perpetrators by a United States urban police service. The Ontario Domestic Assault Risk Assessment (ODARA) predicted new police reports of IPV in a fixed 2-year follow up (baserate = 33%, AUC = 0.59). Predictive effects were mostly small, with few significant differences between groups. Further research should examine the benefits and potential harms of IPV risk assessment to individuals who identify within minority race and gender groups.
Book review: Thomas Simpson, The Frontier in British India: Space, Science, and Power in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Sen Anandaroop
Published: June 2023

Thomas Simpson, The Frontier in British India: Space, Science, and Power in the Nineteenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021, 298 pp.
The Vicarious Intersectional Trauma (VIT) Conceptual Model: A Framework for Studying the Health-Related Impact of Exposure to Intersectional Violence on Social-Media
Authors: Lee Anna , Wade Jeannette , Coleman Ailton , Smith Kim , Whitt Glover Melicia
Published: June 2023

Social media platforms (i.e., Twitter, Tik Tok, YouTube, Snapchat) transmit traumatic imagery of racist encounters that dehumanize racially marginalized Americans. Behavioral and social sciences have long documented the adverse effects of media on young adults which include negative physical and mental health outcomes. However, evidence is sparse on the health-related impact of viewing gender-specific, racially motivated violence via social media. Through an interdisciplinary approach, with theories from psychology, sociology, and communications, we propose a novel framework called the Vicarious Intersectional Trauma (VIT) Conceptual Model. The proposed model situates the Racial Encounter Coping Appraisal and Socialization Theory (RECAST) as a foundational theory understanding the pathways by which traumatic racial encounters impact health among Black Americans. We expand on RECAST by integrating Agenda Setting Theory, Cultivation Theory, and Intersectionality Theory, to facilitate a better understanding of the health-related implications of consuming intersectional violence on social media. Our interdisciplinary work contributes to literature promoting health equity by expanding an existing theory to address the intersections of gender and race on the perception of traumatic imagery and how gendered-racial socialization affects subsequent coping mechanisms.
Understanding the Recommended Student-To-Counselor Ratio’s Persistence: An Institutional Theory Perspective
Authors: Nicola Tara P.
Published: June 2023

For decades the American School Counselor Association has recommended that schools employ one counselor for every 250 students, but there is limited evidence the policy promotes student success. This article investigates the origins of the 60-year-old recommendation, examining how and why it has persisted. Drawing on historical documents, it reconstructs how the 250 number was derived during the 1950s and then uses a framework of institutionalization within organizational fields to explain how the ratio became cemented within and beyond the counseling field. By highlighting how the 250-to-1 recommendation is an anachronism, this article raises questions about its continued relevance.
Who Is Included in Maslow’s Good Society?
Authors: Boot-Haury Jared W.
Published: June 2023

This article describes Maslow’s vision of a Good Society and how engrained a humanistically oriented psychological science aimed at creating a Good Society has become in the contemporary practice of humanistic psychologists and psychologists more broadly. Although Maslow’s vision of a humanistically influenced psychology aimed at creating a Good Society has led to progress, it is not without fault. One major limitation of Maslow’s argument for a humanistically oriented psychological science aimed at creating a Good Society is Maslow’s pathologizing views regarding sexually diverse individuals and his contention that their sexual orientation or behaviors make those individuals unhealthy. This limitation is discussed, and current humanistic psychologists are encouraged to draw from Maslow’s vision for a Good Society to make further progress in the field of psychology while recognizing that, as humanistic psychologists, we must neither exclude any group of individuals from a part of a Good Society nor deem those individuals unfit for self-actualization.
Development and Validation of Responses to Personal Mortality Measure
Authors: Meistaite Egle , Pauli Regina , Cooper Mick
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to develop and validate the Responses to Personal Mortality Measure (RPMM), a new self-report tool to assess existential skills in relating to personal mortality. Items reflecting responses to personal mortality were generated and then selected through a rating process. They were further refined using Three-Step Test Interviews (TSTI). The psychometric properties of 91 items were explored with an online sample of 869 respondents, randomly divided into an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) subsamples. Through EFA, six factors were obtained: Emotional Response, Self-Oriented Acceptance, Transcendental Acceptance, Relational Acceptance, Relief Acceptance, and Avoidance. Internal consistency coefficients ranged between .90 and .97 ( M = .94). The six-factor model showed good fit statistics in traditional and bifactor CFAs. The construct and incremental validity were supported by relationships with the Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB-42); the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ); the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21); the Existential Death Anxiety Scale (EDAS); and the Existential Anxiety Questionnaire (EAQ). The RPMM is a self-report tool of responses to personal mortality that can be used to evaluate the relationship between existential skills and psychological wellbeing. Further research is needed to examine the psychometric properties of the RPMM in a clinical sample.
Advances in Animal Models and Cutting-Edge Research in Alternatives: Proceedings of the Third International Conference on 3Rs Research and Progress, Vishakhapatnam, 2022
Authors: Naik Nikita Narayan , Vadloori Bharadwaja , Poosala Suresh , Srivastava Pratima , Coecke Sandra , Smith Adrian , Akhtar Aysha , Roper Clive , Radhakrishnan Sridhar , Bhyravbhatla Balaji , Damle Madhujit , Pulla Venkat Koushik , Hackethal Johannes , Horland Reyk , Li Albert P. , Pati Falguni , Singh Manu Smriti , Occhetta Paola , Bisht Rohit , Dandekar Prajakta , Bhagavatula Krishna , Pajkrt Dasja , Johnson Michael , Weber Tilo , Huang John , Hysenaj Lisiena , Mallar Banerjee , Ramray Bhat , Dixit Santosh , Joshi Shreekanth , Kulkarni Mandar
Published: June 2023

Animal experimentation has been integral to drug discovery and development and safety assessment for many years, since it provides insights into the mechanisms of drug efficacy and toxicity (e.g. pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics). However, due to species differences in physiology, metabolism and sensitivity to drugs, the animal models can often fail to replicate the effects of drugs and chemicals in human patients, workers and consumers. Researchers across the globe are increasingly applying the Three Rs principles by employing innovative methods in research and testing. The Three Rs concept focuses on: the replacement of animal models (e.g. with in vitro and in silico models or human studies), on the reduction of the number of animals required to achieve research objectives, and on the refinement of existing experimental practices (e.g. eliminating distress and enhancing animal wellbeing). For the last two years, Oncoseek Bio-Acasta Health, a 3-D cell culture-based cutting-edge translational biotechnology company, has organised an annual International Conference on 3Rs Research and Progress. This series of global conferences aims to bring together researchers with diverse expertise and interests, and provides a platform where they can share and discuss their research to promote practices according to the Three Rs principles. In November 2022, the 3rd international conference, Advances in Animal Models and Cutting-Edge Research in Alternatives, took place at the GITAM University in Vishakhapatnam (AP, India) in a hybrid format (i.e. online and in-person). These conference proceedings provide details of the presentations, which were categorised under five different topic sessions. It also describes a special interactive session on in silico strategies for preclinical research in oncology, which was held at the end of the first day.
Plastic monsters: Abjection, worms, the Cthulhic, and the black single-use plastic bag
Authors: Gibson Lydia
Published: June 2023

The single-use plastic bag is the most legislated item of plastic in the world, banned in over 92 countries. The bans are largely concentrated in Africa and the Caribbean, where the plastic bags are often black and the plastic footprints small. The bans have destabilised essential economic, social, and technical arrangements of marginalised communities reliant on plastic engagements and adaptations to improvise against multiple, overlapping, incursive forms of violence. This article seeks to understand the spatial and material nature of these legislative actions and the particular item of single-use plastic they target. Acknowledging the (spatialised) material realities of the single-use plastic bag, this article argues that these bans are a legislative response to the black plastic bag as spatialised, racialised, sexualised, abject Other. Drawing from monster theory, the article reflects on the trans-corporeal body burdening of black plastic bags and the black hands, black bodies, black markets, and black, corrupt, illicit actions with whom and which they are associated. Reconceptualising the (black) single-use plastic bag as an agape, plastic monster that defines, patrols, and transgresses cultural/economic boundaries, this article calls for making explicit the vermicular activities within economic marginalisation and distinguishing them from the discursively constructed amorphous, tentacled mass.
Synthesis and characterization of 4-pyridine-bridge polybenzimidazolefor proton exchange membranes
Authors: Rathwa Yashesh J , Chikhaliya Navin P
Published: June 2023

A series of polybenzimidazoles (PBIs) incorporated main chain 4-pyridine bridge groups were synthesized from 4,4′-([4,4′-bipyridine]-2,6,-diyl)bis (benzene-1,2-diamine) which reacted with four different diacids like isophthalic acid,4,4′-Oxibis benzoic acid, 5-amino isophthalic acid and 2,5-pyridine dicarboxylic acid using polyphosphoric acid as solvent. A process termed dispersion polymerizationhas been developed to prepare PBIs.For the membranepreparation, 4-pyridine-bridge polybenzimidazole (Py-PBI) productswere re-dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide and cast. The polymer structure characterization included FT-IR, UV, Powder XRD, Water Uptake, Swelling Ratio, Ion exchange capacity, Acid doping, Acid leaching, Oxidative stability, and Polymer inherent viscosity find out by using Ubbelohde viscometer whilethermal stability assessments via thermogravimetric analysis. The Py-PBI-based polymer electrolyte membranes’ mechanical properties measurement showed that the 4-pyridine-bridge PBIs membranes were flexible, thermally stable, and mechanically strong when compared with conventional PBI. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the 4-Py-PBI membrane show that the conductivity of the 4441P membrane is 0.546 S cm−1.
Mechanical and microstructure characteristics of 7475-T7351 aluminium alloy joints welded by robot cold metal transfer
Authors: Shanker Hari , Wattal Reeta
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this research is to analyse the microstructural parameters, as well as mechanical properties of robotic CMT, welded AA7475-T7351 alloy. The welded joint’s morphology and evolution, as well as its mechanical properties and also fracture behaviour, were studied. In contrast to the weld, the base metal carries the maximum tensile strength. The weld metal (WM) has the lowest hardness, just 58.24% of the base metal (BM). The general microstructure of the weld area was studied for the welded joint. Weld fractography revealed a high number of equiaxed dimples uniformly spread over the fracture surface, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and a corresponding energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) of the weld.
Towards time-domain modelling of wheel/rail noise: Effect of the dynamic track model
Authors: Theyssen Jannik
Published: June 2023

Transient events in railway rolling noise, such as the characteristic impulsive noise at switches and crossings, can significantly contribute to the perceived annoyance, despite being difficult to detect in the standard frequency-domain methods to analyse rolling noise. Studying these transient effects and their perception requires predicting the noise in the time domain. While several time-domain approaches exist for predicting the dynamic interaction of wheel and rail, predicting the associated rolling noise with adequate accuracy is computationally costly. The lack of a model for transient noise and the need for studying its perception was recently identified. Aiming for a comprehensive time-domain radiation model that includes the wheel and track contributions to rolling noise, this work focuses on the track radiation. The modelling approach taken here is based on a 2.5D formulation for the acoustic radiation and moving Green’s functions in the air. The computational cost, which lies mainly in the 2.5D BE calculations, is addressed by pre-calculating acoustic transfer functions. These transfer functions can be combined with different dynamic track models. Different dynamic track models in turn affect radiated sound field in different ways. Here, the sound fields produced by six different track models are compared, including different support types and analytical and numerical rail models. Several descriptors of the sound field are analysed. In terms of the radiated sound power and radiation efficiency, modelling the rail as a simple beam leads to similar results as elaborate numerical models up to about 5 kHz. In terms of the track-side sound pressure, simple beam models can provide similar results only up to 2.5 kHz. Euler-Bernoulli (E-B) beams seem unfit for time-domain predictions of the radiated noise as they over-estimate the bending wave speed at high frequencies. The results also show that the standard track decay rate (TDR) and the decay of acoustic sound pressure along the track are comparable.
Demand response an effective solution for dynamic balancing of variable supply with variable demand: Evidence from Indian electricity system
Authors: Sambasivam Balasubramanian , Balachandra Patil
Published: June 2023

In recent years, electricity systems have been undergoing rapid renewable energy transitions. This has introduced myriad challenges, namely, matching variability in both supply and demand sides, low plant load factors, resource constraints, etc. Managing these challenges requires effective demand-side solutions. Therefore, demand response (DR) approaches become relevant and essential in better-performing supply- and demand-side planning and management. For this purpose, in this article, two scenarios representing different situations and needing different interventions are developed for future years to study the effectiveness of demand-side solutions in managing the adverse supply-side constraints through an optimization model. The two scenarios are (i) Demand Response in Constrained Electricity System and (ii) Demand Response in High Renewables Electricity System. The model results suggest that the optimization model is robust enough to achieve an optimal as well as desirable solutions for both scenarios and provide evidence for the effectiveness of DR in addressing such challenges. DR solutions, if implemented effectively, can alter and moderate load curves to achieve perfect balance with supply profiles that are affected by resource constraints or by high penetration of solar and wind energy resources.
Reference accuracy of primary studies published in peer-reviewed scholarly journals: A scoping review
Authors: Logan Samuel W , Hussong-Christian Uta , Case Layne , Noregaard Samantha
Published: June 2023

Objective. The objective of this scoping review was to identify key characteristics of primary research studies in peer-reviewed journals about reference accuracy. Characteristics of studies include the publication year, field of study, journal name and publication year of verified references, number of references verified, reference elements examined, definition of major, intermediate, and minor errors, whether punctuation or typographical errors were counted, overall error rate, major, intermediate, and minor error rates, and most common error type. Introduction. Reference accuracy has been studied across several decades and remains a persistent issue in peer-reviewed publications. Reference accuracy is typically reported as an error rate that represents the proportion of references with at least one error. Inclusion criteria for this scoping review included primary studies published in peer-reviewed journals that verified references in articles. Methods. Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA), Medline via EBSCOhost, and Web of Science were searched with final searches conducted in all three databases on November 26, 2022. No grey literature sources were searched given the focus of the project on peer-reviewed scholarly journals. Results. A total of 105 studies were included. The overall error rate across all studies was 32.7%. The error rates within specific fields of study were relatively similar. There is a lack of clarity about whether studies counted punctuation or typographical errors. The most common error was related to author names. Conclusions. There is a lack of studies to understand the most effective means to increase reference accuracy that are feasible to implement on a wide scale. Future research is warranted to understand how best to improve reference accuracy across fields of study.
An overview of optimal designs under a given budget in cluster randomized trials with a binary outcome
Authors: Liu Jingxia , Liu Lei , James Aimee S. , Colditz Graham A.
Published: June 2023

Cluster randomized trial design may raise financial concerns because the cost to recruit an additional cluster is much higher than to enroll an additional subject in subject-level randomized trials. Therefore, it is desirable to develop an optimal design. For local optimal designs, optimization means the minimum variance of the estimated treatment effect under the total budget. The local optimal design derived from the variance needs the input of an association parameter [Formula: see text] in terms of a “working” correlation structure [Formula: see text] in the generalized estimating equation models. When the range of [Formula: see text] instead of an exact value is available, the parameter space is defined as the range of [Formula: see text] and the design space is defined as enrollment feasibility, for example, the number of clusters or cluster size. For any value [Formula: see text] within the range, the optimal design and relative efficiency for each design in the design space is obtained. Then, for each design in the design space, the minimum relative efficiency within the parameter space is calculated. MaxiMin design is the optimal design that maximizes the minimum relative efficiency among all designs in the design space. Our contributions are threefold. First, for three common measures (risk difference, risk ratio, and odds ratio), we summarize all available local optimal designs and MaxiMin designs utilizing generalized estimating equation models when the group allocation proportion is predetermined for two-level and three-level parallel cluster randomized trials. We then propose the local optimal designs and MaxiMin designs using the same models when the group allocation proportion is undecided. Second, for partially nested designs, we develop the optimal designs for three common measures under the setting of equal number of subjects per cluster and exchangeable working correlation structure in the intervention group. Third, we create three new Statistical Analysis System (SAS) macros and update two existing SAS macros for all the optimal designs. We provide two examples to illustrate our methods.
Speaking Similarly: Team Personality Composition and Acoustic-Prosodic Entrainment
Authors: Paletz Susannah B. F. , Litman Diane , Karuzis Valerie , Jones Kelly M. , Rahimi Zahra
Published: June 2023

This study introduces the concept of acoustic-prosodic entrainment (ways people speak similarly). We review prior research on entrainment theory and methods from computational linguistics, and then apply this concept to team research by examining the relationship between team personality composition and subsequent entrainment in an exploratory case study. With 62 teams playing a cooperative board game, team average Agreeableness and team Agreeableness diversity positively, and Openness to Experience diversity negatively, preceded different kinds of entrainment. This study suggests entrainment is not a singular construct. Small group researchers could leverage technological, methodological, and conceptual advances in computational linguistics to study emergent team processes.