bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnose por subtração para deficiências de nitrogênio e potássio em gergelim cultivado com solução nutritiva
Authors: Souza Felipe Guedes de , Chaves Lucia Helena Garófalo , Alves Allan Nunes
Published: August 2016

Objetivou-se caracterizar os sintomas visuais das deficiências de nitrogênio e potássio nas plantas de gergelim, cultivar G3, cultivadas em solução nutritiva com a omissão destes elementos. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação do Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, utilizando a técnica denominada diagnose por subtração. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos e três repetições: T1- solução nutritiva completa (controle); T2- solução nutritiva com omissão do Nitrogênio (-N) e T3- solução nutritiva com omissão do Potássio (-K). Foram realizadas as avaliações de crescimento (30; 45; 60; 75 DAS), o índice de clorofila (60DAS) e a matéria seca (75 DAS). Os sintomas das deficiências visuais foram registrados. As omissões de N e K foram limitantes para o desenvolvimento da cultura do gergelim afetando a sua estrutura física de crescimento bem como aparecimento de sintomas visuais característicos das deficiências nutricionais de cada nutriente.

Diagnosis by subtraction for deficiency of nitrogen and potassium in sesame frown with nutrient solution

Abstract: This study aimed to characterize visual symptoms of nitrogen and potassium deficiencies in sesame plants, cv. G3, cultivated in nutrient solution with the omission of these elements. The experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions at the Agricultural Engineering Department of the Federal University of Campina Grande, using the techniques of diagnosis through subtraction.The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments and three repetitions: T1- complete nutrient solution (control); T2- nutrient solution omitting the nitrogen (-N) and T3- nutrient solution omitting the potassium (-K). During the experiment were carried out growth assessments (30; 45; 60; 75 DAS), chlorophyll index (60DAS) and dry matter (75 DAS). Symptoms of visual deficiencies were recorded. The omission of N and K were limiting for the development of sesame culture affecting the physical structure and growth characteristic showing visual symptoms of nutrient deficiencies of each nutrient.
CRM development in practice, customer relationship management innovation
Authors: Papp János , Lázár Ede , Brix Ágnes
Published: August 2016

This research shows a customer relationship model, which does not only implement innovative elements into a specific supplier’s customer relationship management (CRM), but also reorganizes the customer service’s procedure. The primary aim of the model is to increase customer satisfaction, and to decrease the number of leaving customers, and furthermore to win new customers. The most important results of the model is the customer loyalty measure, which directly determines the customer relationship. Furthermore the efficiency of the different promotions, CRM elements and CRM channels, is shown by the analysis of the estimated explanatory variable’s parameters.
2DCBS: A Model for Developing Dependable Component-Based Software
Authors: Kahtan Hasan , Abu Bakar Nordin , Nordin Rosmawati , Abdullateef Abdulgabber Mansoor
Published: August 2016

The software industry has adopted component-based software development (CBSD) to rapidly build and deploy large and complex software systems with significant savings at minimal engineering effort, cost, and time. However, CBSD encounters issues on security trust, mainly with respect to dependability attributes. A system is considered dependable when it can produce the outputs for which it was designed with no adverse effect on its intended environment. Dependability consists of several attributes that imply availability, confidentiality, integrity, reliability, safety, and maintainability. Dependability attributes must be embedded in a CBSD model to develop dependable component software. Motivated by the importance of these attributes, this paper pursues two objectives: to design a model for developing a dependable system that mitigates the vulnerabilities of software components, and to evaluate the proposed model. The model proposed in this study is labelled as developing dependable component-based software (2DCBS). To develop this model, the CBSD architectural phases and processes must be framed and the six dependability attributes embedded according to the best practice method. The expert opinion approach was applied to evaluate 2DCBS framing. In addition, the 2DCBS model was applied to the development of an information communication technology (ICT) portal through an empirical study method. Vulnerability assessment tools (VATs) were employed to verify the dependability attributes of the developed ICT portal. Results show that the 2DCBS model can be adopted to develop web application systems and to mitigate the vulnerabilities of the developed systems. This study contributes to CBSD and facilitates the specification and evaluation of dependability attributes throughout model development. Furthermore, the reliability of the dependable model can increase confidence in the use of CBSD for industries.
Large-Scale Erosion Testing of an Unbonded Flexible Pipe
Authors: Helgaker J. F. , IJzermans S.. , Landheim T. J. , Eeg T. B. , Hverven S. M. , Piotrowski P..
Published: August 2016

Unbonded flexible pipelines are commonly used in offshore field developments to transport oil and gas to production facilities. Sand is an inevitable byproduct from oil-and-gas production. Sand erosion has become an important concern for both design of new field developments and prolongation of existing oil-and-gas fields, especially for fields with low mixture density and high velocities. Erosion in smooth pipes can be determined with industry-standard erosion-prediction methodologies. However, these models are usually valid for smooth pipes only, with limited information available on erosion in flexible pipes. This paper presents experimental results from a large-scale erosion test of an unbonded flexible pipe. A 9.75-in. inner-diameter (ID) flexible pipe with a bending radius of 2.5 m was exposed to sand and proppant particles at velocities ranging from 30 to 47 m/s. Erosion was determined by performing weight-loss measurements at selected cut-out windows, at 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80° along the outer periphery of the carcass. In addition, microscopy analysis was performed on selected eroded carcass pieces to determine the localized erosion contour of the flexible carcass geometry. Results show that the highest erosion is found at the leading edge of the carcass strip. Experimental results are compared with computational-fluid-dynamics (CFD) simulations and industry-standard erosion-prediction methodologies.
Orthographic Performance of Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder According to the Error Semiology
Authors: Capellini Simone Aparecida , Batista Andrea Oliveira
Published: August 2016

This chapter aimed to characterize, to compare and to classify the orthographic
performance of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, according to the error
semiology. The participants of this study were 36 students from the 3rd to the 5th grade
level of the elementary school, divided in group I (GI): composed by 18 students with an
interdisciplinary diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), 60% male
and 40% female, and group II (GII): composed by 18 students with a good academic
performance, paired by gender, age, and grade, level according to GI. The students were
submitted to Orthographic Evaluation Protocol (Pro-Orthography), in the following order:
Collective Version: 1- Writing of alphabet letters, 2- Dictation at random of the alphabet
letters, 3- Word dictation, 4- Pseudo words dictation, 5- Dictation with pictures, 6-
Thematic writing motivated by a picture, and Individual Version: 7- Dictation of phrases,
8- Purposeful error, 9- Spelling dictation, 10- Orthographic lexical memory. The
classification of errors was accomplished in the two types: the natural orthography and the
arbitrary orthography. The results showed that those students present more difficulty in the
use of the orthographic conventions on their writing, hampering their learning, mainly
owing to the lack of attention, which modify the phonological work memory and the
planning of writing. The data obtained indicate the existence of a profile that is not
orthographic in the writing of the students with ADHD.
Krzyż – ołtarz – orientacja zanoszonych modlitw
Authors: Superson Jarosław A.
Published: August 2016

Artykuł przedstawia krótką historię usytuowania ołtarza w przestrzeni liturgicznej, znaku krzyża z wizerunkiem Ukrzyżowanego umieszczanego na nim i kierunku zanoszonych modlitw od ołtarza. Ołtarz w dziejach Kościoła był zazwyczaj umieszczany w absydzie bądź pośród zgromadzenia. Przez setki lat obowiązywała zasada, że celebrujący stojący przy ołtarzu głównym, jak i wierni uczestniczący we mszy świętej zanosili modlitwy w kierunku wschodnim. W pierwszym tysiącleciu w Kościele rzymskokatolickim na ołtarzu składano tylko dary do konsekracji, a dopiero na początku drugiego tysiąclecia postawiono na nim najpierw kandelabry, a potem krzyż z wizerunkiem Ukrzyżowanego. Po przyjęciu przez Sobór Watykański II mszy świętej dialogowanej i formy celebracji versus populum krzyż umieszcza się obok ołtarza – zazwyczaj jako krzyż procesyjny zwrócony wizerunkiem Jezusa Chrystusa ku wiernym. Od 2007 roku podczas celebracji Eucharystii, której przewodniczy Benedykt XVI, krzyż stoi w centralnym miejscu na ołtarzu wraz z wizerunkiem Ukrzyżowanego skierowanym ku głównemu celebransowi.
Патофізіологічні та методологічні аспекти визначення функціонального ниркового резерву в клінічній нефрології
Authors: Kravchuk A.V. , Nykytenko O.P. , Sirman V.M. , Kuznietsova K.S. , Romaniv L.V. , Hozhenko A.I.
Published: August 2016

У статті патогенетично обґрунтовано доцільність застосування методики визначення функціонального ниркового резерву шляхом проведення водно-сольового навантаження 0,5% розчином хлориду натрію в кількості 0,5 % від маси тіла в пацієнтів, які страждають від хронічної хвороби нирок. Показано інформативність визначення величини функціонального ниркового резерву в клінічній нефрології на прикладі хворих на артеріальну гіпертензію, цукровий діабет, СНІД для визначення характеру та ступеня пошкодження нефронів.
Гипоксия — ведущий фактор прогрессирования хронической болезни почек
Authors: Lysianska O.Yu.
Published: August 2016

Современные данные свидетельствуют об участии гипоксии в процессе формирования фиброза в почках и прогрессирования хронической болезни почек. Одним из основных факторов в цепочке повреждения при тканевом дефиците кислорода является индуцированный гипоксией фактор. Понимание процесса повреждения почки при гипоксии может дополнить представление о нефропротекции пациентов с хронической болезнью почек, даст возможность улучшить рекомендации по ведению данной группы больных.
Гострий гломерулонефрит: особливості перебігу та патоморфологічної картини (власне спостереження)
Authors: Diadyk O.O. , Nekrasova L.H. , Taran O.I. , Siroshtanova I.O. , Kominko L.V.
Published: August 2016

Наведено клінічний випадок з особливостями морфологічної картини гострого гломерулонефриту, що перебігав на фоні попередньо існуючої патології канальцевого апарату нирок — мікрополікістозу некласифікованого. Хворому Х., 20 років, була проведена патогенетична терапія гострого гломерулонефриту глюкокортикоїдами та цитостатиками. Однак, незважаючи на застосовані терапевтичні засоби, симптоми гломерулонефриту продовжували наростати, розвинувся нефротичний синдром, що призвело до критичної втрати білків плазми крові, розладів коагуляції у вигляді ДВЗ-синдрому та подальшого приєднання уремії. Імовірно, резистентність до лікування пов’язана з попередньо існуючою патологією канальців нирок, функція яких була скомпрометована, та, можливо, генетично детермінованою резистентністю до патогенетичної терапії.
Применение фармакогенотипирования и дозирование некоторых препаратов в урологии и нефрологии
Authors: Melnik А.А.
Published: August 2016

Статья посвящена вопросам  использования методов фармакогенотипирования и аспектам дозирования некоторых препаратов, используемых в нефрологии и урологии. Описаны ингибиторы ангиотензинпревращающего фермента (иАПФ), бета-адреноблокаторы (БАБ), блокаторы кальциевых каналов (БКК), диуретики.
Disorders of Lipid Metabolism and its Correction in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Melnyk O.O.
Published: August 2016

Chronic kidney disease — a proven risk factor of the development and progression of lipid metabolism disorders. The basis of these disorders — an increase in blood plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoproteins and decreased levels of high density lipoproteins, apo AI and apo AII. There has been a decrease in the activity of enzymes: lipoprotein lipase, hepatic triglyceride lipase, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase. The use of lipid-modifying drugs — statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid was proposed.
Active surveillance scheme in three Romanian hospitals reveals a high prevalence and variety of carbapenamase-producing Gram-negative bacteria: a pilot study, December 2014 to May 2015
Authors: Timofte Dorina , Panzaru Carmen Valentina , Maciuca Iuliana Elena , Dan Maria , Mare Anca Delia , Man Adrian , Toma Felicia
Published: August 2016

We report the findings of an active surveillance scheme for detection of asymptomatic carriers with carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria (CP-GNB) in Romanian hospitals. During a pilot study from December 2014 to May 2015, faecal cultures were screened in three hospitals (two large, one medium-size) for patients newly admitted to selected wards or inpatients transferred from other wards to an intensive-care unit. The study revealed a high prevalence of CP-GNB detected in 22/27 and 28/38 of the carbapenem non-susceptible isolates from Hospitals 1 and 3, respectively. CP-GNB identified through faecal screening included NDM-1-producing Serratia marcescens and Klebsiella pneumoniae, OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae and OXA-23-producing Acinetobacter baumannii. The distribution of the CP-GNB varied between the hospitals, with NDM-1-producing S. marcescens and K. pneumoniae being prevalent in the north-central part of the country and OXA-23/24-producing A. baumannii, OXA-48-producing K.pneumoniae, Morganella morganii and VIM-2-producing Escherichia coli/Pseudomonas aeruginosa detected in the north-east of the country. Conjugation studies showed that carbapenem resistance was transferable and PCR-based replicon typing identified bla
NDM-1 on IncFIIs in S. marcescens and K. pneumoniae from Hospital 1 and bla
OXA-48 on IncL plasmids in all Klebsiella spp. isolates from Hospitals 1 and 3. Our findings underline the importance of active surveillance for detection of CP-GNB asymptomatic faecal carriers and suggest a likely endemic spread of CP-GNB in Romania.
Affective Solidarities?
Authors: Sen Debarati
Published: August 2016

Abstract

The popularity of fair trade products has engendered new possibilities for consumer citizens in the global North to demonstrate solidarity with producers in the global South. Fair trade enthusiasts not only buy labelled products as an act of solidarity with producers in Darjeeling’s tea plantations; but also extend their affective solidarity by voluntarily visiting certified production sites to witness how fair trade affects workers’ livelihoods. Fair trade as transnational praxis has inadvertently pushed justice seeking and delivery to a non-state sphere that is not accountable to the workers in terms of citizenship rights; however, it must address the bargaining power of producers since wages and benefits are baseline determinants of quality of life. Fair trade-engendered solidarity practices erase the complex history of workers’ struggle with the state and established systems of power through collective bargaining. These acts in turn produce new kinds of transnational praxis affecting the plantation public sphere.
Spaces for Transdisciplinary Dialogues on the Relationship between Local Communities and Their Environment
Authors: Crivos Marta , Martínez María Rosa , Teves Laura , Remorini Carolina
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Our ethnographic research focuses on the perception and use of components of the natural environment in terms of routine activities carried out by the residents of a rural community in the Calchaqui Valley (Salta, Argentina). Life in this community is characterised by the presence of traditional subsistence activities – agriculture, cattle farming, textile manufacturing and ancestral medical practices – coexisting with business ventures focused on mono-culture and export, tourism centred on landscape intervention and promotion of native products, and the growing key role of public policies in the areas of health and human development. In this context, a joint reflection on viability and sustainability of local and global practices and resources must be undertaken. Implementing intersectoral forums and focus-group discussions, governmental and non-governmental actors, researchers and local people must work conjointly to achieve a fresh patrimonial awareness of livelihood strategies based on their long interaction with a specific environment.
Investigation on quality and management of wheat seed in Bogra and Naogaon
Authors: Naznine F , Hossain I , Akter MA
Published: August 2016

The quality of  wheat seed samples of 11 varieties viz. Akbar, Kanchan, Barkat,   Sonalika , Paban,  Prodip, Satapdi, BARI gom 25, BARI gom 26,  BARI gom 27 and BARI gom 28 from 7 different Upazillas of Bogra  and 5 different Upazillas of Naogaon were tested and categorized into six components viz. Grade-0 (72 to 86.7%), Grade-1 (2.9 to 7.5%), Grade-2 (2.1 to 6.0%), Grade-3 (1.7 to 4.5%), Grade-4 (2.4 to 8.4%) and Grade-5 (1.5 to 7.6%). The highest percentage of Grade-0 seeds (86.7%) was recorded in wheat variety of BARI gom 28 and the lowest percentage of Grade-0 seeds (72%) was recorded in variety Kanchan. The moisture content of the seed samples ranged from 10.22 to 13.81%, where the highest percentage of moisture content was found in wheat variety of Kanchan and the lowest in wheat variety of BARI gom 28. The 1000-seed weight ranged from 40.00 to 42.85 g where significantly highest weight was recorded in wheat variety of Sonalika followed by BARI gom 27 and the lowest in BARI gom 28. Health test by Blotter method resulted eight different seed borne fungi belonging to six genera viz. Bipolaris sorokiniana (0.5 to 30.5%), Alternaria tenuis (0.5 to 25%), Fusarium moniliforme (0.0 to 33.5%), Fusarium oxysporum (2.7 to 53%), Curvularia lunata (0.0 to 5.5%), Aspergillus niger (0.0 to 18.5%) and Penicillium spp. (0.0 to 1.5%). Out of 11 samples tested germination of seeds ranged from 98.0 to 73.5%. Wheat seeds of variety  Kanchan was treated with plant extracts,  BAU-Biofungicide and chemical fungicides (Bavistin, Tilt and Provex) while the highest (11%) incidence of Bipolaris sorokiniana was recorded in untreated control and the lowest (0.0%) in seed treatment with BAU-Biofungicide followed by seed treatment with Provax and Tilt. Seed germination ranged from 56.0 to 98.0% where the highest (98.0%) and lowest (56.0%) germination was recorded in case of seed treatment with BAU-Biofungicide and Tilt. BAU-Biofungicide increased 41.75% vigor index over untreated control.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 101-109, 2016
In vitro screening of rice genotypes using polyethylene glycol under drought stress
Authors: Akte J , Yasmin S , Bhuiyan MJH , Khatun F , Roy J , Goswami K
Published: August 2016

Five rice varieties viz. Binadhan-4, Binadhan-5, Binadhan-6, Binadhan-10 and Iratom-24 were evaluated in vitro under different water stress conditions. Several parameters such as germination percentage, shoot length, root length, shoot-root ratio, fresh weight, dry weight, turgid weight, relative water content and proline accumulation were studied. Drought condition was created by MS medium supplemented with five treatments of PEG, with a control such as 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% of PEG. The highest germination (100%) was found in the variety Binadhan-10 under low water stress conditions induced by 1% PEG. Similarly, the highest percentage of germination was found in all varieties under control condition (0% PEG). The lowest percentage of germination was obtained in the variety Iratom-24. But under severe stress (4% PEG), the highest percentage of germination was found only in the variety Binadhan-10. Moreover, the variety Binadhan-10 was found to be the best at 4% PEG for shoot length, root length, shoot-root ratio, relative water content and also the best at 1% PEG for fresh weight, dry weight, turgid weight. Water stress decreased relative water content and increased proline accumulation in rice. The highest relative water content was recorded in the variety Binadhan-10 and the lowest value recorded in the variety Binadhan-5. The highest proline content was obtained from the binadhan-6 at the highest treatment (4% PEG). Binadhan-10 showed the best performance almost in all the parameters under drought stress because of its own nature of tolerancy.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 128-135, 2016
Contribution of rural women to rice production activities in two different areas of Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman F , Shammi SA , Parvin MT , Akter N , Khan MS , Haque S
Published: August 2016

The study was undertaken to identify the core contribution of women in the rice production activities, identify the wage gap between male and female laborer and factors influencing womens participation in rice farming at household level in Bangladesh. In doing so, the study utilized the data collected by the field survey from Nilphamari and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh. A total number of 60 women respondents were selected using random sampling methods who were actively working in the rice fields during the production period in 2015. Data were analyzed using simple statistical techniques as well as OLS regression analysis. An analysis of the socioeconomic status of the women showed that in terms of contribution, nearly 43% and 42%of the total works were done by rural women in rice farming activities in Nilphamari and Mymensingh district, respectively. It was found that male workers spent 228.2 hours and female workers 174.5 hours per season in Nilphamari region compared to 270 hours and 197.3 hours per season in Mymensingh region, respectively. The average wage rate in Nilphamari district was BDT 241/day for male and BDT 175/day was female. Similarly, in Mymensingh district the average wage rate for male and female workers was BDT 281/day and BDT 162/day, respectively. The result of the OLS method suggests that the distance of the rice field from the home, the number of available technologies used and the number of adult male labour significantly affect the women's participation in farming activities. Despite the positive role of women in the production activities, their contribution was often neglected in terms of wage rate. Therefore, this study recommends the avoidance of wage discrimination between male and female workers which may strengthen their position within the family and increase their self-esteem and status in the society.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 180-188, 2016
Rice crop residue management and its impact on farmers livelihood - an empirical study
Authors: Uddin MT , Fatema K
Published: August 2016

The study aimed to examine the present status of rice crop residue management and its impact on farmers livelihood covering two sub-districts in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. A total of 100 farmers (50 for crop residue practicing farmers and 50 for the farmers involved in traditional farming) were selected randomly for data collection. A combination of descriptive, statistical and mathematical techniques were applied to achieve the objectives and to get the meaningful results. The results of descriptive statistics showed that retention was found higher in far distance plots from homestead. No retention of crop residues was found in case of Aus and Aman rice. The whole retention was found only in case of Boro rice. The shortage of labour in season and the wage rate were also important factors for the retention of crop residues. However, farmers perceptions about the use of crop residues were mostly adding organic matter to the crop field followed by mulching and feeding animal. The recycling of resources among crop retention and livestock has the great potential to return a considerable amount of plant nutrients to the soil in the rice based crop production systems. Due to crop residue practices, crop and livestock both were benefited through resource interdependences. The sampled farmers were benefited from retention of crop residues by improving soil quality, soil moisture, etc.; and farmers used less amounts of fertilizer, irrigation water, etc. for the succeeding crops. Consequently, succeeding crop productivity, profitability and annual income were increased significantly. The result of logit regression model shows that age of household head, farm size, agricultural income and non-farm income were found as significant variables in explaining the variation in crop residue adoption of farm households. To assess the livelihood pattern of sample farm households through asset pentagon approach, noteworthy improvement was found s on different capitals. The study identified some problems regarding crop residue management and finally, recommended that if the farmers get proper training for such management, it would be helpful to improve their livelihood.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 189-199, 2016
Problems faced by the rural women beneficiaries in participating shouhardo II program
Authors: Nath TD , Hoque MJ , Farouque MG
Published: August 2016

The main focus of the study was to identify and describe the problems faced by the rural women beneficiaries in participating in SHOUHARDO II program. The study was conducted in Doribhabkhali village of Bhabkhali Union Parisad of Mymensingh Sadar Upazila under Mymensingh district. Data were collected from sixty rural women beneficiaries from 381 beneficiaries using random sampling method in April, 2015. The highest proportion of the rural women beneficiaries (41.7 percent) faced medium problems in participating program, while 33.3 percent of them had low problems. Among nine selected problems religious obstacle got the highest score (TOSS-156) and hence was considered as 1st ranked problem and incompatibility with the participants got the lowest score (TOSS-29) and hence was considered as9th ranked problem. The selected characteristics of the respondents, such as household size showed positive relationship while extension media contact and social mobility showed negative with problem confrontation in participating SHOUHARDO II program. On the basis of probable solutions (correct interpretation of religious issues, increasing duration of training program etc.) made by rural women beneficiaries, necessary steps should be taken to reduce the faced problems.Progressive Agriculture 27 (2): 200-206, 2016
Accordance of Light Scattering from Design and De-Facto Variants of a Daylight Redirecting Component
Authors: Noback Andreas , Grobe Lars , Wittkopf Stephen
Published: August 2016

For the systematic development of a small-scale daylight-redirecting louver system the impact of manufacturing on light scattering characteristics has to be quantified, localized and understood. In this research, the accordance of the measured scattering distributions of a de-facto production sample V1 with the computed predictions based on its design geometry V2 are quantified for selected incident light directions. A metric describing the global accordance of distributions is adapted to quantify their overall difference. A novel metric of local accordance allows further analysis. A particular low global accordance between V1 and V2 is found for an incident elevation θ i = 35 ∘ . To test the hypothesis that this result can be explained by observed geometric deviations, a simulation model V3 replicating these is compared to the design. The hypothesis is supported by the resulting high degree of accordance. The low local accordance for individual outgoing light directions indicates geometric non-uniformity of the sample V1. This method has been found useful for product development and quality assurance. Beyond their application in the proposed method, global and local accordance have potential applications in all fields of light scattering measurements.
Road Lane Detection by Discriminating Dashed and Solid Road Lanes Using a Visible Light Camera Sensor
Authors: Hoang Toan , Hong Hyung , Vokhidov Husan , Park Kang
Published: August 2016

With the increasing need for road lane detection used in lane departure warning systems and autonomous vehicles, many studies have been conducted to turn road lane detection into a virtual assistant to improve driving safety and reduce car accidents. Most of the previous research approaches detect the central line of a road lane and not the accurate left and right boundaries of the lane. In addition, they do not discriminate between dashed and solid lanes when detecting the road lanes. However, this discrimination is necessary for the safety of autonomous vehicles and the safety of vehicles driven by human drivers. To overcome these problems, we propose a method for road lane detection that distinguishes between dashed and solid lanes. Experimental results with the Caltech open database showed that our method outperforms conventional methods.
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH INTO LEACHING OF METALS FROM IMMOBILIZED CIS SOLAR MODULE WASTE
Authors: VASAREVIČIUS Saulius , SKRIPKIŪNAS Gintautas , DANILA Vaidotas
Published: August 2016

The aim of this research is to determine metal leaching from concrete specimens containing different quantities of waste recovered from copper indium selenide (CIS) solar module by replacing a certain share of sand aggregate. During the first stage of research the CIS solar module was shredded and leaching tests were performed on recovered waste by analysing six metals – Na, Mg, Fe, Cd, Cu and Zn. It has been determined that out of all metals analysed, the highest leaching was observed for sodium, while the highest leaching out of the heavy metals was found for zinc. In Phase II of the study concrete specimens with shredded CIS module waste were made and the physical properties of these specimens as well as the leaching of the same metals was determined. The results have shown that three metals, namely Fe, Cd, Zn, were successfully immobilised and did not leach from the specimens.
THE B AND Be STATES OF THE STAR EM CEPHEUS
Authors: Kjurkchieva Diana , Marchev Dragomir , Sigut T. A. A. , Dimitrov Dinko
Published: August 2016

We present 11 yr of high-resolution, spectroscopic observations for the star EM Cep. EM Cep switches between B and Be star states, as revealed by the level of Hα emission, but spends most of its time in the B star state. EM Cep has been considered to be an eclipsing, near-contact binary of nearly equal-mass B stars in order to reproduce regular photometric variations; however, this model is problematic due to the lack of any observed Doppler shift in the spectrum. Our observations confirm that there are no apparent Doppler shifts in the wide spectral lines Hα and He i λ6678 in either the B or Be star states. The profiles of He i λ6678 typically exhibited a filled-in absorption core, but we detected weak emission in this line during the highest Be state. Given the lack of observed Doppler shifts, we model EM Cep as an isolated Be star with a variable circumstellar disk. We can reproduce the observed Hα emission profiles over the 11 yr period reasonably well with disk masses on the order of

in the Be state with the circumstellar disk seen at an inclination of 78° to the line of sight. From a disk ejection episode in 2014, we estimate a mass-loss rate of

. The derived disk density parameters are typical of those found for the classical Be stars. We therefore suggest that the EM Cep is a classical Be star and that its photometric variations are the result of

Cep or nonradial pulsations.
ZODIACAL EXOPLANETS IN TIME (ZEIT). III. A SHORT-PERIOD PLANET ORBITING A PRE-MAIN-SEQUENCE STAR IN THE UPPER SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION
Authors: Mann Andrew W. , Newton Elisabeth R. , Rizzuto Aaron C. , Irwin Jonathan , Feiden Gregory A. , Gaidos Eric , Mace Gregory N. , Kraus Adam L. , James David J. , Ansdell Megan , Charbonneau David , Covey Kevin R. , Ireland Michael J. , Jaffe Daniel T. , Johnson Marshall C. , Kidder Benjamin , Vanderburg Andrew
Published: August 2016

We confirm and characterize a close-in (

 = 5.425 days), super-Neptune sized (

) planet transiting K2-33 (2MASS J16101473-1919095), a late-type (M3) pre-main-sequence (11 Myr old) star in the Upper Scorpius subgroup of the Scorpius–Centaurus OB association. The host star has the kinematics of a member of the Upper Scorpius OB association, and its spectrum contains lithium absorption, an unambiguous sign of youth (

Myr) in late-type dwarfs. We combine photometry from K2 and the ground-based MEarth project to refine the planet’s properties and constrain the host star’s density. We determine K2-33’s bolometric flux and effective temperature from moderate-resolution spectra. By utilizing isochrones that include the effects of magnetic fields, we derive a precise radius (6%–7%) and mass (16%) for the host star, and a stellar age consistent with the established value for Upper Scorpius. Follow-up high-resolution imaging and Doppler spectroscopy confirm that the transiting object is not a stellar companion or a background eclipsing binary blended with the target. The shape of the transit, the constancy of the transit depth and periodicity over 1.5 yr, and the independence with wavelength rule out stellar variability or a dust cloud or debris disk partially occulting the star as the source of the signal; we conclude that it must instead be planetary in origin. The existence of K2-33b suggests that close-in planets can form in situ or migrate within ∼10 Myr, e.g., via interactions with a disk, and that long-timescale dynamical migration such as by Lidov–Kozai or planet–planet scattering is not responsible for all short-period planets.
ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS IN THE UPPER SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION
Authors: Barenfeld Scott A. , Carpenter John M. , Ricci Luca , Isella Andrea
Published: August 2016

We present ALMA observations of 106 G-, K-, and M-type stars in the Upper Scorpius OB Association hosting circumstellar disks. With these data, we measure the 0.88 mm continuum and 12CO J = 3–2 line fluxes of disks around low-mass (0.14–1.66 M
⊙) stars at an age of 5–11 Myr. Of the 75 primordial disks in the sample, 53 are detected in the dust continuum and 26 in CO. Of the 31 disks classified as debris/evolved transitional disks, five are detected in the continuum and none in CO. The lack of CO emission in approximately half of the disks with detected continuum emission can be explained if CO is optically thick but has a compact emitting area (≲40 au), or if the CO is heavily depleted by a factor of at least ∼1000 relative to interstellar medium abundances and is optically thin. The continuum measurements are used to estimate the dust mass of the disks. We find a correlation between disk dust mass and stellar host mass consistent with a power-law relation of

. Disk dust masses in Upper Sco are compared to those measured in the younger Taurus star-forming region to constrain the evolution of disk dust mass. We find that the difference in the mean of

between Taurus and Upper Sco is 0.64 ± 0.09, such that M
dust/M
* is lower in Upper Sco by a factor of ∼4.5.
Planejamento e desenvolvimento no Brasil e no mundo
Authors: Catapan Anderson
Published: August 2016

Este texto apresenta o editorial do primeiro número relativo ao quinto volume da Revista Brasileira de Planejamento e Desenvolvimento, do ano de 2016. Assim, esta edição traz artigos de autores brasileiros, da América Latina, da África e da Ásia, permitindo ao leitor acesso a contribuiçõe e visões do planejamento e do desenvolvimento no Brasil e no mundo.
Locais de concentração de atividades agropecuárias na região centro-oeste
Authors: Wander Alcido Elenor , Cunha Cleyzer Adrian da
Published: August 2016

Este trabalho teve por objetivo, a partir dos produtos de maior valor da produção agropecuária na Região Centro-Oeste do Brasil, identificar locais de concentração relativa, com potencial para se tornarem polos para novos investimentos no adensamento destas cadeias. Para tanto foram utilizados dados de produção dos produtos agropecuários. Foram gerados clusters de concentração de produção e identificados os municípios de maior concentração dos principais produtos agropecuários. Os dez principais produtos agropecuários da Região Centro-Oeste são soja, carne bovina, milho, cana-de-açúcar, algodão, leite, carne de aves, feijão, carne suína e ovos de galinha. Juntos estes produtos são responsáveis por 95% do valor da produção agropecuária na Região Centro-Oeste. Os principais municípios que se destacam como polos produtores destes produtos são Rio Verde e Jataí (Estado de Goiás), e Nova Mutum, Primavera do Leste, Sapezal e Sorriso (Estado de Mato Grosso).
Implantação de tecnologia da informação no ensino fundamental público em São Caetano do Sul (SP): um estudo da confiança desenvolvida em redes de organizações
Authors: Bitante Alessandra Preto , Faria Ana Cristina De , Donaire Denis , Gaspar Marcos Antonio
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a confiança entre os parceiros que prestam serviços de Tecnologia da Informação (TI) em uma escola municipal de ensino fundamental de São Caetano do Sul (SP). A pesquisa descritiva-qualitativa foi desenvolvida por meio de estudo de caso único, com a análise da importância de se confiar nos parceiros que prestam serviços de TI nesta escola. Para a coleta de dados, além de observação direta e pesquisa documental, foi utilizado questionário semiestruturado. Constatou-se que as parcerias existentes resultam na formação de uma rede de organizações no setor público e que o estabelecimento de confiança é complexo, pois quanto maior a proximidade do parceiro, pior é o índice de confiança. Observou-se, ainda que a disponibilidade dos parceiros em colaborar facilita o estabelecimento da confiança e de relacionamento de longo prazo, visando assim ao objetivo maior da relação, que é auxiliar o aprendizado dos alunos.
Femoral Fractures Following Long-term Bisphosphonate Use
Authors: Sheibani-Rad Shahin
Published: August 2016

Bisphosphonates are widely used for the prevention of osteoporosis-associated fractures. Femoral fractures associated with bisphosphonate use are increasingly being reported in the literature. Orthopedic surgeons should be aware of this potential association and related implications for patient treatment. Bisphosphonate-associated fractures are characteristically simple, transverse with beaking, and subtrochanteric. Diagnosis is based on a careful history, physical examination, and focused imaging. In the setting of either a complete or partial fracture, it is recommended that bisphosphonate therapy be halted and calcium and vitamin D brought into the therapeutic range. Orthopedic management of the completed fracture preferably uses a locked intramedullary nail. The recommendations for incomplete fractures are unresolved. [
Orthopedics.
2016; 39(6):e1036–e1040.]
A Three-Dimensional Environment of Personalized Recommendation of Learning Objects to Support Ubiquitous Learning
Authors: Frade Rodrigo Valença Cavalcante , Neto Francisco Milton Mendes , Castro de Souza Rafael
Published: August 2016

The advancement of technological resources has provided new possibilities in teaching and learning processes. This progress resulted in an improvement to the Distance Education (DE). However, this type of education still faces the serious problem of circumvention having as a major cause, lack of motivation among students. Thus, the use of new technological trends has been increasingly common with the purpose to provide greater attractiveness for student participation in distance learning courses. Thus, this study aims to propose a multiagent virtual environment in three dimensions to support the recommendation of learning objects in order to improve the teaching and learning processes in DE.
Seamless Learning Environments in Higher Education with Mobile Devices and Examples
Authors: Marín Victoria I. , Jääskelä Päivikki , Häkkinen Päivi , Juntunen Merja , Rasku-Puttonen Helena , Vesisenaho Mikko
Published: August 2016

The use of seamless learning environments that have the potential to support lifelong learning anytime and anywhere has become a reality. In this sense, many educational institutions have started to consider introducing seamless learning environments into their programs. The aim of this study is to analyze how various educational university programs implement the design elements for seamless learning environments with mobile devices. For that purpose, three cases involved in a Finnish teaching development project are explored by conducting semi-structured interviews with key participants. The themes of the interviews were related to the theoretical background for (mobile) seamless learning environments from previous literature. This paper describes the findings of the three cases as common aspects for designing mobile, seamless learning environments; and it proposes a research agenda on challenges related to designing seamless learning environments with the integrated use of mobile devices in the curricula.
Transforming Learning with Mobile Games
Authors: Villanueva Kristin , Vaidya Jeanny
Published: August 2016

This chapter will describe the evolution of mobile games and learning by first discussing whether media can support learning. This chapter will address the affordances and limitations of mobile gaming and the learning theories and frameworks that lay the foundation for learning through mobile games. Current perceptions of mobile gaming in the classroom and implementation of mobile games in schools is discussed. In addition, this chapter introduces positions on the issue of mobile games in the classroom, and explores mobile games for social change, their prevalence and their role in facilitating learning.
Preparing Online Learning Readiness with Learner-Content Interaction
Authors: Liu Juhong Christie , Kaye Elaine Roberts
Published: August 2016

Online learning readiness is fundamental to student successful participation, presence, and interaction in online courses. Effective facilitation of these key components depends on sound instructional design. In self-directed online environments, learner-content interaction and scaffolding self-regulated learning have been found of primary importance to generate meaningful learning. To provide a solution to the challenges of interoperability of various functions in synchronous online learning environments, this chapter presents a case study about the design and development of a self-paced orientation to help students acquire online learning readiness. Learner-content interaction is strategically utilized in the design to scaffold self-regulated learning. The results of the case study demonstrate that this orientation positively prepares students to be ready for learning in a synchronous online environment. The approach can be of practical use to individuals and groups.
Flipped Instructional Technology
Authors: Barrons Kevin Paul
Published: August 2016

Most recently, the Flipped Classroom concept has drawn attention by educators as a means of organizational and individual competencies. The goal in the university setting is to improve cognitive practice and increase learning in the value creation process and the zone of proximal development (ZPD) environment. Seeing one experiences this newest pedagogy in “flipped classroom” design, it has changed various educational disciplines in business education due to the increase in the success in learner motivation and comprehension - based on the objectives required for course work. Educational technology has played a key role providing a catalyst in this achievement. For example: The ZPD and experiential learning are applied in the growth of specialist in the field of management information systems (MIS).
Learning through Web-Based Authoring Tools
Authors: Lee Tony , Lim Doo Hun
Published: August 2016

The Web-based authoring tools are great additions to online education and training programs. This chapter provides a portrait of roles and impacts of Web-based authoring tools in online learning environments. With all the unique functions and options that are available in Web-based authoring tools, it is not required for instructors and trainers to be Web development experts to create quality online learning instructions that meet the needs of the multi-generational learners (i.e., traditionalist, baby boomer, generation X, and generation Y). In addition, the Web-based authoring tools enable instructors and trainers to create media-rich learning instructions and transform dry Web content into engaging and exciting learning content. Besides recreating and transforming Web content, Web-based authoring tools also play an important role in expanding learners' attention spans and their readiness to learn.
Mobile Learning
Authors: Ireri Bonface Ngari , Omwenga Elijah I.
Published: August 2016

Today's learner is able to access information from mobile devices. Due to accessibility and affordability of mobile devices, more instructors continue to adopt instructional design models of mobile learning as more learners also bring their mobile devices to their classrooms. Instructors using flipped classroom model organize the learning activities both inside and outside classroom. Before the next class the instructor avails instruction and content in advance. The learner reviews class content materials and assigned research activities at home prior to class. In class, the instructor allows learners to peer review their work in groups while the instructor engages them to validate their work. The findings described in this chapter suggest that introducing mobile learning to learners in a flipped classroom model helps to bridge learner entry behavior as it improves learner performance.
Assessing Foreign Language Learning Through Mobile Game-Based Learning Environments
Authors: Palomo-Duarte Manuel , Berns Anke , Cejas Alberto , Dodero Juan Manuel , Caballero Juan Antonio , Ruiz-Rube Iván
Published: August 2016

With increasing globalization, foreign language skills have become one of the main requirements when applying for a job in leading ICT companies. Due to their ubiquity and multi-functionality, mobile devices allow teachers to provide technology-friendly students with highly dynamic learning contents in line with their lifestyle. Unfortunately, most of the available APPs still support a mainly one-way interaction (teacher to learner or computer-client interaction). The authors have designed an APP based on a highly interactive, ubiquitous and constructive learning approach. The current paper illustrates firstly how the APP has helped learners to get actively involved in their own learning process sharing and assessing their foreign language knowledge. And secondly, how students' logs can be used to automate the assessment of different skills such as the ability to explain terms in a foreign language or to assess definitions created by other game players.