bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of the Internal Control System in Mediating the Influence of Company Size and Auditor Switching on Audit Delay in Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Ariyanti Nanik , Sulistiyo Heru , Manaf Sodikin
Published: September 2022

Aims: Study this regarding audit delays, aim to analyze the influence size companies and auditors switching to audit delay with an internal control system (ICS) as variable mediation on companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2020.

Study Design: The design of this research study is correlational.

Place and Duration of Study: Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) issuers in 2020.

Methodology: Population is all publicly listed companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, totalling 786. Research data is classified as secondary data collected by documentaries, techniques the analysis use analysis regression logistic and multiple linear regression. Total sample 89 was obtained with the formula Slovin on level 10% significance, while the sample was chosen randomly.

Results: Results show that size company no take effect against ICS, but auditor switching negatively affects ICS. Size company no take effect on audit delay, and auditor switching positively affects audit delay and ICS negatively against audit delays. In the study, this was also found that ICS or not could mediate influence the size company against audit delay. However, ICS can mediate the effect of auditor switching on audit delay.

Conclusion: The results of this study support the theory of contingency in explaining audit delay by providing empirical proof that the internal control system can reduce audit delay and mediation the effect of auditor switching on audit delay. Become a reference or reference source for conducting similar research.
A Conceptual Model to Determine Factors Influencing Mobile Money Banking Adoption in Ghana
Authors: Kelly Afful Ekow , Palaniappan Sellappan
Published: September 2022

The growth of mobile money service in Ghana has been attributed to many other factors outside the spectrum of technology. The research focus is to determine the factors influencing mobile money service from the point of technology. The study analysis was based on Structural Equation Modelling of Partial Least Squares using SmartPLS. It was determined that, the following construct, perceived risk, perceived cost, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, compatibility, relative advantage, observability, trialability, and social influence with (p < 0.001) influenced users in adopting mobile money banking in Ghana. The research finding will enable stakeholders related to the mobile money industry to strengthen its gains and sustain its growth in mobile money services. The research present the information technology factors that influence the adoption of mobile money and how these factors should be factored into the development of the mobile money industry. The research also gives industry players the systematic factors they could rely on when making any decision toward user acceptance of mobile money.
A Combined Treatment Effect of Cilostazol and Pentoxifylline in the Treatment of Peripheral Vascular Disease
Authors: Suthar Jalpa , Shah Birju , Ranjan Ritu
Published: September 2022

Background: (50 mg BD) and pentoxifylline (400 mg TDS) therapy in patients with PVD. Additionally, the adverse effects and economic burden of the combination was taken in to account.

Methodology: An Observational antegrade study was done among 100 patients. A Patient with PVD visited to OPD of the vascular department was enrolled in the study. Data was collected as per the Case Record Form.

Results: The mean age was found to be 58.4 ± 11.3 years of total 100 patients. An improvement in a Doppler testing (follow-up at the time interval after 1 month, 3 months and 6 months) and increased in peak systolic velocity in distal vessels as well as collaterals were observed in all patients. The PVD was prevalent in 50 to 60 years of age groups and hypertension and smoking were the most common risk factors present in PVD patients. There was more than 70% increase in walking distance after 24 weeks of treatment. Headache 24 (36.4%) and Dizziness 9 (13.6%) were observed as common side effect of therapy. The total cost of the combination therapy was affordable with improved quality of life.

Conclusion: The combination treatment showed symptomatic improvement in peripheral vascular disease in the study. The peak systolic velocity gradually increased in the distal vessel and the combination was found to be cost-effective.
Comparison of Illness Behavior between Japanese and Chinese Patients with Somatoform Disorders
Authors: Takegishi Tomoko , Yamamoto Noriko , Hirabayashi Naoki , Hasuzawa Suguru , Koda Masahide , Huang Zhengguo , Li Na , Matsuo Hisae , Sato Takeshi
Published: September 2022

Aims: To clarify the differences between Japan and China regarding illness behavior of outpatients with somatoform disorders.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: A survey on psychiatric and psychological outpatients with somatoform disorders between Japan and China. Duration of this study was three months between April 1, 2011, and June 30, 2011.

Methodology: The subjects of this research included 43 Japanese outpatients (49.7±10.5 yr., M/F:13/30) in psychiatry clinic at Saga Medical School Hospital, Saga 845-8502, Japan. It also included 38 Chinese outpatients (40.7±8.2 yr., M/F: 14/24) in psychiatry and psychology outpatient clinic in Dalian Medical University Hospital, Liaoning province, China. All psychiatric patients were diagnosed as the somatoform disorders according to the DSM-IV. To investigate the difference of psychological status and illness behavior, we examined them using two psychological instruments: Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) and General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30).

Results: It can be found that there were the remarkable statistical differences between the Japanese and Chinese patients with somatoform disorders of each of the subscales of the GHQ-30. All GHQ-30 items were scored significantly higher by the Chinese than by the Japanese. Regarding the IBQ, the statistical differences of five subscales of IBQ between the two groups: General Hypochondriasis, Disease Conviction, Affective Inhibition, Affective Disturbance, and Irritability can be found. No obvious difference was found between the two groups of the subscale of Psychological versus somatic focusing (P/S) and Denial (D), however.

Conclusion: The GHQ-30 and the other five subscales of IBQ (except for P/S and D) for Chinese was higher than for Japanese. This finding may be attribute to the socio-cultural and economic factors. P/S and D scores on the IBQ were not significantly different, suggesting the possibility of an essential symptom of somatoform disorders.
A Case Report on Ehlers Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Hachim G. , Laarej A. , Mahi J. El , Abilkassem R. , Hassani A. , Agadr A.
Published: September 2022

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a group of hereditary collagen diseases characterized by joint hyperlaxity, skin hyperelasticity, and generalized tissue fragility. We present the case of an 8-year-old child with EDS in its arthrocalasic form type VII, according to the Villefranche classification, who was born to first-cousin parents. There is no curative treatment for EDS, but it is important to make an early diagnosis for optimal symptomatic management of patients and prevention of avoidable complications.
A Statistical Analysis and Exploration on Atlantic Hurricanes Database (HURDAT2); Do We Expect the Worst?
Authors: Nyabuga Douglas Omwenga , Alfred Mukuru Ssessazi
Published: September 2022

Hurricane occurrence exploration is a heavy task that requires sophisticated methods to accurately determine the occurrence and the impact of damage on the tropical environs. To control massive damage, several techniques have been developed to measure the accuracy of track forecasting. The accurate analysis and exploration of the occurrence of hurricanes are very crucial for the affected environs evaluation within a short time to minimize the loss of human life and property. Nevertheless, the exact analysis and exploration of these hurricanes is challenging and time-consuming. Therefore, this study proposed a statistical model whereby the analysis of variance (ANOVA) a linear regression scientific data statistical analysis model is applied on the dataset of Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT2) for the exploration of hurricane occurrence and damage in the tropical environs. The best tracks of a 6 hour interval, location (latitude, and longitude), wind speed, central pressure of all identified hurricanes and subtropical typhoons from the year 2008 to 2017 (10 year period) are used to determine the  R2 coefficient, which measures the goodness and fitness of the model to reveal the variability of the real data. Statistical significance and reliability of the data are tested on significance  P-value <0.05 where four different parameters are considered for the analysis in order to determine the destructive of these hurricanes in the tropical environs; latitude (x1), longitude (x2), the wind speed (x3), and central pressure. The results of our model proved significant with an accuracy of 99.3%, and a mean standard error (MSE) of 1.4952 for all the hurricanes that were analyzed, and the year 2012 was established as a year that had much damage.
Stability Analysis and Optimal Control of Endemic Malaria Disease Transmission Model with Cost-Effective Strategies
Authors: Edossa Dereje Gutema , Wedajo Alemu Geleta , Koya Purnachandra Rao
Published: September 2022

In this study, a non-linear system of ordinary differential equation model that describes the dynamics of malaria disease transmission is formulated and analyzed. Conditions are derived from the existence of disease-free and endemic equilibria. The basic reproduction number R0 of the model is obtained, and we investigated that it is the threshold parameter between the extinction and persistence of the disease. If R0 is less than unity, then the disease-free equilibrium point is both locally and globally asymptotically stable resulting in the disease removing out of the host populations. The disease can persist whenever R0 is greater than unity and the conditions for the existence of both forward and backward bifurcation at R0 is equal to unity are derived. Sensitivity analysis is also performed and the important parameter that derive the disease dynamics is identified. Furthermore, optimal combinations of time dependent control measures are incorporated to the model, and we derived the necessary conditions of optimal control using Pontryagins’s maximum principal theory. Numerical simulations were conducted using MATLAB to confirm our analytical results. Our findings were that, malaria may be controlled by reducing the requirement rate of mosquito populations and the use of a combination of vaccination, insecticide treated net ITN, indoor residual spray IRS and active treatment or strategy d can also help to reduce the number of populations with malaria symptoms to zero. We also find that the same strategy that is, strategy d proves to be efficacious and cost-effective.
Performance of Indian Coffee Sector: An Economic Analysis
Authors: Soujanya C. K. , Venkataramana M. N.
Published: September 2022

The study analyses the dynamics in area, production and productivity of coffee in India. It was analyzed using trend analysis, instability analysis and decomposition analysis. The time period chosen for the study was 1961 to 2020. The years were divided into three periods namely the pre-liberalization period (1961-1989), the post-liberalization period (1990-2020) based on the liberalization of the coffee market. The results showed that the area under coffee increased from 115000 ha (1961) to 459730 ha (2020). The production increased positively at 3.39 percent and the area at 2.60 percent at one percent level of significance in the post-liberalization period. The stability in area (46.71%), production (47.57%) and productivity (41.30%) increased from the pre-liberalization period to the post-liberalization period. The decomposition results showed that a change in average production was highly influenced by change in the mean area (67.57%) and change in variance of production was contributed by the change in area variance (281.74%) and change in the mean area (205.89%). Indian coffee trade performance was analyzed using Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. The results showed that India is less competitive in international coffee market. The study suggests increasing replantation programs for high yielding varieties and disease resistant varieties by replacing the age-old coffee plants in India which would not only increase production but also become competitive in the international market.
Production and Quality Assessment of Biscuit from Acha Flour Supplemented with Pigeon Pea
Authors: Adeyanju James Abiodun , Alabi Olubunmi Dupe , Abioye Adekanmi Olusegun , Oloyede Abiola Adewale , Korede Olayinka Idayat
Published: September 2022

This research work evaluates the production of biscuits from blends of acha and pigeon pea flour. Acha and pigeon pea flour were blended in the ratio 95:5, 90:10, 85:15, 80:20 and 100:0 (control) to produce biscuits. Biscuits made from this blend were analyzed for proximate analysis, antinutrient composition, physical attributes, and sensory qualities. The moisture, protein, fat, crude fiber, ash, and carbohydrate content of the biscuits ranged from 7.87-9.84%, 7.36-8.14%, 21.99-26.33%, 0.39-0.59%, 0.87-1.24%, and 58.06-63.01%, respectively. The antinutrient composition varied from 4.24-6.82% for tannin and 3.85-4.68% for phytate. The physical attributes of the biscuits ranged from 8.34-10.98 g, 0.56-0.85 cm, 4.77-5.03, 5.99-8.59 for weight, thickness, diameter and spread ratio, respectively. The sensory evaluation showed that the biscuit sample with the blend ratio of 95% and 5% (acha to pigeon pea flour) was the most acceptable because it gave the best colour, appearance, crispness and overall acceptability. The result shows that acceptable biscuits with improved nutritional attributes can be produced from the blend of acha and pigeon pea flour. This will eliminate or reduce the problems associated with protein-energy malnutrition common in most local communities, and reduce wheat importation, thereby increasing the use of the most underutilized sources of flour in most developing countries.
Urban Resiliency towards Climate Change
Authors: Debangshi Udit , Ghosh Pritam , Tiwari Himanshu , Maurya Durgesh Kumar , Kumar Manoj
Published: September 2022

India will experience massive urbanization in the coming decades, with the country's urban population expected to double by 2050. Climate change is a major threat to urban systems all over the world. Its consequences are expected to worsen over the next few decades. The consequences of climate changes are more in urban areas than rural due to rapid urbanization, health issue, decreasing water level and industrialization etc. Climate change consequences such as increased rainfall intensity, storm surges, temperature fluctuation and flooding are expected to have a global impact on urban health, sustainability, coastal areas, urban infrastructure, migrants, ecosystems and urban water use. On the other hand, humanity able to take collective action to mitigate the severity of these impacts. Mitigation and adaptation strategies, such as climate resilient agriculture, rooftop farming, extreme weather mitigation, resilient water use and so on, will almost certainly be required to deal with these effects. It is encouraging to note that urban planning has the potential to play a key role in developing and implementing adaptive responses in urban systems. The benefit of urban planning is sustainable and required some urban planning regimes around the world which include, plan-making, stakeholder engagement, development management and design standards to make a better and greener urban ecosystem.
First Detection of Carbapenemases-Producing Acinetobacter baumannii and Acinetobacter nosocomialis in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Gba Kossia Manzan Karine , Bonnin Rémy , Abe Innocent Allepo , Tahou Eric Joel , Makaya Nicole Prisca Niego Dangui , Dortet Laurent , Guessennd Nathalie , N’guetta Simon-Pierre Assanvo , Naas Thierry
Published: September 2022

Carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are spreading worldwide and represent a major health threat for immunocompromised patients. In this study, we describe for the first time NDM-producing A. baumannii and Acinetobacter nosocomialis isolates from Côte d’Ivoire, Africa. Four carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolates were isolated from urinary tract infections from three university hospital centers. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing and carbapenemase detection (CarbAcinetoNP) test were performed. The carbapenemases genes were screened by PCR. Resistome, MLST and phylogeny were performed using whole genome sequencing. All isolates were resistant to β-lactams, aminoglycosides and fluroquinolones. The blaNDM-1 and the blaOXA-58 genes were identified in the three A. baumannii isolates whereas A. nosocomialis carried only the blaNDM-1 gene. An amino acid change S83L was detected in GyrA in all A. baumannii isolates explaining fluoroquinolone resistance. MLST analysis revealed that all A. baumannii isolates belonged to the same sequence type, ST-2. The blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-58 genes could not be transferred, suggesting a chromosomal location. This study highlights the emergence of NDM-1- and OXA-58-producing A. baumannii isolates belonging to the pandemic clone ST-2 in Côte d’Ivoire, Africa. Comparison of these three genomes revealed that they are highly related.
Successful Treatment of Recalcitrant Non-genital Warts (Verruca vulgaris) with a Topical Solution Containing Two Antivirals and a Low Concentration of Salicylic Acid
Authors: Pereira Ricardo de Souza , Monteiro Nayana Mendes
Published: September 2022

Aims: Commercial formulas for the treatment of warts use salicylic acid in concentrations above 100 mg/ml, which causes skin irritation, and the results are often unsatisfactory. To address this problem, we developed a new formula with a low concentration of salicylic acid (20 mg/ml) and with the addition of virucidal compounds (metallic iodine and benzoic acid) and compared it to a formula currently on the market (Verrux®) containing 165 mg salicylic acid (0.165 g) and 145.2 mg lactic acid (0.145 g) per ml collodion.

Study Design: A randomized double-blind study was conducted.

Location and Duration of Study: Department of Biotechnology, UNINCOR, Chácara das Rosas, Três Corações, MG, Brazil; School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Amapá - Campus Universitário Marco Zero do Equador, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek, KM-02, Jardim Marco Zero, Macapá, AP, Brazil and School of Medicine, Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay (UPAP), Km 10, Ciudad del Este, Paraguay, between December 2004 and October 2016.

Methodology: 95 patients were treated with the formula with salicylic acid (20mg), benzoic acid (20mg) and metallic iodine (2.5mg) per ml (group A) and 95 received treatment with Verrux® (salicylic acid 165mg, lactic acid 145.2mg per ml collodion) (group B).

Results: All patients in Group A (100%) reported complete resolution of signs and symptoms after 13 weeks of treatment. In contrast, 67 subjects (70.5%) in group B reported regression of symptoms during the same period.

Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups studied here (P< 0.05). This new formulation with a low level of salicylic acid and two virucidal agents promotes healing of recalcitrant cutaneous warts without significant side effects. The price of the two formulas is virtually the same (about $8 to $10 each bottle).
PEQUENA HISTÓRIA DO PLANEJAMENTO CABOCLO (HOMENAGEM A ROMULO ALMEIDA)
Authors: Pedrão Fernando
Published: September 2022

Este estudo focaliza no período de 1950 a 1962 quando se configurou uma reação nacionalista ao modelo conservador representante da economia cafeeira exportadora, liderado por Eugenio Gudin e Otavio Bulhões. Estende-se a alguns efeitos de desdobramento da construção de uma visão nacional e da defesa renitente das exportações primárias. Mas aquele conservadorismo tinha encontrado seu limite na negativa da doutrina Truman que obrigou o governo Dutra a iniciativas nacionalistas. Foram criados órgãos regionais como a Comissão do Vale do Rio São Francisco e começou o programa de barragens, a maioria das quais com vazão insuficiente e salinizadas.Engrossando a corrente nacional apareceu um pensamento da pequena burguesia, principalmente no Rio de Janeiro, onde havia uma numerosa classe média em empregos públicos, evidenciando abismos ideológicos com a classe média paulista aparelhada pelo capital e com a mineira carola. A proliferação de indústrias de pequeno porte respondeu a um mercado interno em expansão nos grandes centros. Com a concentração bancáriaapareceu o grande capital financeiro que terminou financiando os golpesmilitares. Surgiram trabalhos que foram canalizados na revista Econômica Brasileira tratando de comércio inter-regional e pleiteando a criação de um banco central. A intelectualidade brasileira descobria o mundo exterior.Mas a endogenia da sociedade pós escravista impregnava a economia e a sociologia, onde apareceram trabalhos de Werneck Sodré, Sergio Buarque e Florestan Fernandes. Na cúpula política, onde pontuavam figuras como Francisco de Campos e Benedito Valadares ninguém ligava para a relação da economia com a sociedade: era um discurso da elite para a elite. Formou-se uma polaridade entre o ISEB progressista e universidades católicas e protestantes reacionárias. O setor privado despontava como olado negativo da educação superior, pretendendo um modelo nacionalmente hegemônico, copiado da Sorbonne, de Harvard, de Wisconsin e até de Ohio . No cenário brasileiro havia polarizações regionais, onde prevaleciam várias fontes de coronelismo. No quadro baiano a tradição de insurgência da greve geral de 1919 ficou soterrada na polaridade entre coronelismo e anarquismo. Tendo ficado contra a República e contra a “revolução” de 30, a elite baiana era uma relíquia pós escravista alternada por um comunismo teoricamente avançado, com subcorrentes anarquistas.
FORMAÇÕES ECONÔMICAS DO BRASIL (CONTEMPORÂNEO): EM BUSCA DE UM PROJETO DE NAÇÃO
Authors: Saraiva Luiz Fernando , Almico Rita
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo visa estudar algumas interpretações sobre a economia colonial brasileira e de que forma tais interpretações indicavam um projeto político econômico vinculado ao tempo presente de suas elaborações e ao futuro “desejado” pelos contemporâneos. Destacando o papel seminal do livro Formação Econômica do Brasil, de Celso Furtado, que foi publicado em 1959, o artigo percorre grande parte da historiografia produzida sobre o tema, buscando demonstrar como o esforço intelectual de entender o nosso passado se ligava a um projeto de sociedade e economia. Resgatando os diversos debates sobre a “natureza” da nossa economia colonial, o texto busca demonstrar como as diversas interpretações sobre essa economia, nos últimos 60 anos, traduzem a atual crise do modelo desenvolvimentista brasileiro e apontam para as tentativas de superação do mesmo, em um jogo dialético entre passado, presente e futuro.
ADMINISTRAÇÃO POLÍTICA COMO SUPORTE A UM PROJETO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO NACIONAL PARA GERAÇÃO DE EMPREGO E DISTRIBUIÇÃO DE RENDA: UM OLHAR SOBRE O ESTADO DA BAHIA
Authors: Conceição Vanderlei Menezes
Published: September 2022

Construir um Projeto Nacional para o desenvolvimento do Brasil hoje mais que nunca se torna uma demanda urgente a ser priorizada. As crises sucessivas do capitalismo brasileiro insistindo num modelo de crescimento saturado, baseado em medidas de curto prazo para debelar crises econômicas que priorizam estabilidade de preços, contenção da demanda, equilíbrio fiscal do Estado, dentre outras, não trouxeram os resultados propagados e colocou ainda mais dificuldades nas condições de vida, principalmente dos mais vulneráveis e ainda vem desmontando a passos largos a capacidade do Estado de organizar políticas públicas para garantir geração de emprego e renda, com inclusão social. O ciclo de empobrecimento do país, que foi acelerado há cinco anos, se intensifica com a pandemia e torna as perspectivas de futuro cada vez mais sombrias. A tendência é de piora na distribuição de renda, por isso, questões como pobreza, desemprego, geração de emprego e renda demandam por políticas públicas compensatórias com expectativa de desenvolverem ações que possam amenizar as consequências das transformações decorrentes do projeto neoliberal, voltado sim para uma visão financeira e rentista, e muito menos para uma visão social. Considerando que não temos até o momento um Projeto Nacional serão analisadas as propostas de políticas públicas para o Estado da Bahia, com foco na geração de emprego, renda e bem-estar social, identificando aquelas que estão mais aderentes aos conceitos da Administração Política e de uma proposta de Projeto Nacional de Desenvolvimento.
ADMINISTRAÇÃO DO DESENVOLVIMENTO BRASILEIRO: REGISTROS DA SÉRIE PROJETO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DO GPAP
Authors: Santos Elinaldo Leal , Assunção Elaine , Santana Weslei Gusmão Piau , Santos Giselle Karen
Published: September 2022

O propósito deste artigo é analisar a historiografia dos projetos nacionais de desenvolvimento implementados no Brasil. Trata-se de um registro das principais ideias, reflexões e teses apresentadas no curso de formação sobre Administração do Desenvolvimento Brasileiro, promovido pelo Grupo de Pesquisa em Administração Política da UESB. Para tanto, foram convidadospesquisadores das mais renomadas universidades e instituições de pesquisa do país para investigar a trajetória da Nação Brasileira na Administração Política do capitalismo. O latifúndio e o sistema escravocrata são apontados como as raízes do atraso, e a relação de dependência com a lógica euro-americana, uma barreira a ser superada.
Catalase‐Mimetic Artificial Biocatalysts with Ru Catalytic Centers for ROS Elimination and Stem‐Cell Protection
Authors: Sun Yimin , Mu Shengdong , Xing Zhenyu , Guo Jiusi , Wu Zihe , Yu Fanyuan , Bai Mingru , Han Xianglong , Cheng Chong , Ye Ling
Published: September 2022

Exploring high‐efficiency reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐elimination materials is of great importance for combating oxidative stress in diverse diseases, especially stem‐cell‐based biotherapeutics. By mimicking the FeN active centers of natural catalase, here, an innovative concept to design ROS‐elimination artificial biocatalysts with Ru catalytic centers for stem‐cell protection is reported. The experimental studies and theoretical calculations have systematically disclosed the activity merits and structure diversities of different Ru sites when serving as ROS‐elimination artificial biocatalysts. Benefiting from the metallic electronic structures and synergetic effects of multiple sites, the artificial biocatalysts with Ru cluster centers present exceptional ROS‐elimination activity; notably, it shows much higher catalytic efficiency per Ru atom on decomposing H2O2 when compared to the isolated single‐atom Ru sites, which is more efficient than that of the natural antioxidants and recently reported state‐of‐the‐art ROS‐scavenging biocatalysts. The systematic stem‐cell protection studies reveal that the catalase‐like artificial biocatalysts can provide efficient rescue ability for survival, adhesion, and differentiation functions of human mesenchymal stem cells in high ROS level conditions. It is suggested that applying these artificial biocatalysts with Ru cluster centers will offer a new pathway for engineering high‐performance ROS‐scavenging materials in stem‐cell‐based therapeutics and many other ROS‐related diseases.
Timing of potassium chloride application effect on soil and potato uptake of chloride
Authors: Light Sarah E. , Sullivan Dan M. , Horneck Donald A.
Published: September 2022

Potassium chloride (KCl) is often used to supply K for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production; it is the least costly K fertilizer. However, crop uptake of Cl can reduce diagnostic petiole NO3–N and reduce tuber specific gravity. This trial evaluated the effect of K fertilizer source (KCl vs. sulfate of potash [SOP] and sulfate of potash magnesia [KMag]) and fertilizer application timing on Cl, S, N, and K in soil, petioles, and whole plant biomass. Fertilizers were applied at 224 kg K2O ha–1 at three application timings: 210 d before planting (fall preplant), 14 d before planting (spring preplant), or 35 d after planting (Layby) to a sandy loam soil in Hermiston, OR. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied by overhead sprinklers during the growing season. Potassium source and timing had minimal effect on crop S, N, and K uptake. Crop Cl response reflected a fertilizer source × timing interaction. Fall‐applied KCl did not increase plant Cl above that observed for KMag and SOP treatments. Spring or summer‐applied KCl increased plant Cl concentrations. The most likely explanation for this response pattern was leaching of Cl below rooting depth with fall fertilizer application. Findings of importance for potato production practices in our region included: (a) fall‐applied Cl was not taken up by the crop, and so did not represent a risk to potato tuber quality; (b) elevated concentrations of petiole Cl from preplant or in‐season KCl application did not affect petiole NO3–N.
Different organic material amendments effects soil nitrogen utilization and crop yield in the North China Plain
Authors: Chen Lin , Du Hailun , Liu Qing , Li Teng , Sui Peng , Gao Wangsheng , Chen Yuanquan
Published: September 2022

Organic materials incorporation and nitrogen utilization are both important measures to enhance soil fertility and crop productivity. To evaluate the effect of different organic materials on soil N utilization and crop yield, three kinds of organic materials, including straw (ST), pig manure (PM), and biogas residue (BR), were incorporated into the soil with equal N in the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–maize (Zea mays L.) cropping system with chemical fertilizers (CFs) as a control in Wuqiao County in the North China Plain. The contents of soil N, nitrate N, ammonium N, N use efficiency, N partial productivity (NPFP), N uptake efficiency (NUPE), and N harvest index (NHI) were measured and calculated. The results of 2‐yr field trials suggested that, compared with CF, soil total N (TN) content of ST, PM, and BR treatment increased by 3.04, 8.99, and 9.10%, respectively. An even larger increase was found in nitrate N, which was 25.87, 44.67, and 44.93% in ST, PM, and BR, respectively. For N utilization, PM significantly increased NPFP, NUPE, and NHI by 4.01, 5.86, and 3.04%, respectively, meanwhile decreasing soil N dependency rate by 4.64%; BR improved NUPE by 5.15%, while ST showed little improvement in the utilization of soil N. Overall, organic materials promoted soil N maintenance and increased N utilization. Among the kinds of organic material amendment in the study, PM had a better performance in improving soil N utilization and crop yield than BR and crop ST return in field experiments.
Clinical exome sequencing uncovers a high frequency of Mendelian disorders in infants with stroke: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Kumar Runjun D. , Meng Linyan , Liu Pengfei , Miyake Christina Y. , Worley Kim C. , Bi Weimin , Lalani Seema R.
Published: September 2022

Stroke causes significant disability and is a common cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have estimated that 1%–5% of stroke is attributable to monogenic etiologies. We set out to assess the utility of clinical exome sequencing (ES) in the evaluation of stroke. We retrospectively analyzed 124 individuals who received ES at the Baylor Genetics reference lab between 2012 and 2021 who had stroke as a major part of their reported phenotype. Ages ranged from 10 days to 69 years. 8.9% of the cohort received a diagnosis, including 25% of infants less than 1 year old; an additional 10.5% of the cohort received a probable diagnosis. We identified several syndromes that predispose to stroke such as COL4A1‐related brain small vessel disease, homocystinuria caused by CBS mutation, POLG‐related disorders, TTC19‐linked mitochondrial disease, and RNASEH2A associated Aicardi‐Goutieres syndrome. We also observed pathogenic variants in NSD1, PKHD1, HRAS, and ATP13A2, which are genes rarely associated with stroke. Although stroke is a complex phenotype with varying pathologies and risk factors, these results show that use of exome sequencing can be highly relevant in stroke, especially for those presenting <1 year of age.
Deep learning‐based prediction of treatment prognosis from nasal polyp histology slides
Authors: Wang Kanghua , Ren Yong , Ma Ling , Fan Yunping , Yang Zheng , Yang Qintai , Shi Jianbo , Sun Yueqi
Published: September 2022

Background

Histopathology of nasal polyps contains rich prognostic information, which is difficult to extract objectively. In the present study, we aimed to develop a prognostic indicator of patient outcomes by analyzing scanned conventional hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)‐stained slides alone using deep learning.

Methods

An interpretable supervised deep learning model was developed using 185 H&E‐stained whole‐slide images (WSIs) of nasal polyps, each from a patient randomly selected from the pool of 232 patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen University (internal cohort). We internally validated the model on a holdout dataset from the internal cohort (47 H&E‐stained WSIs) and externally validated the model on 122 H&E‐stained WSIs from the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen University and the University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen Hospital (external cohort). A poor prognosis score (PPS) was established to evaluate patient outcomes, and then risk activation mapping was applied to visualize the histopathological features underlying PPS.

Results

The model yielded a patient‐level sensitivity of 79.5%, and specificity of 92.3%, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.943, on the multicenter external cohort. The predictive ability of PPS was superior to that of conventional tissue eosinophil number. Notably, eosinophil infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia, glandular hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, and fibrin deposition were identified as the main underlying features of PPS.

Conclusions

Our deep learning model is an effective method for decoding pathological images of nasal polyps, providing a valuable solution for disease prognosis prediction and precise patient treatment.
Scrutiny of physico‐chemical properties of extractant‐diluent phase: Keystone of extraction systems
Authors: Sahu Rakesh Kumar , Pradhan Sanghamitra , Mishra Sujata
Published: September 2022

Solvent extraction is one of the hydro metallurgical techniques adopted due to its ease for efficient separation of metal ions. The separation and extraction of metals are enabled using privileged metal distribution between the aqueous and organic phase. Commercially available solvent extractants and recently the designer solvents like ionic liquids have gained adequate attention in the area of separation science for the retrieval of different metal ions. Diluents play an important role by ensuring the improved hydrodynamics of the extraction system. The physico‐chemical characteristics of the organic phase solution need to be scrutinized thoroughly in order to optimize the extraction conditions. Investigation on the interaction between extractant and diluent at molecular level is vital for the assessment of extraction efficiency. Density, viscosity, dielectric constant, refractive index, conductivity, and acoustic properties provide evidence on the molecular organizations between these unlike molecules. The aim of this review is to project on the importance of physical, chemical, and thermodynamic properties for fabricating an efficient combination of extractants‐diluents to achieve maximum extraction output.
Design and Syntheses of Ruthenium ENE (E = S, Se) Pincer Complexes: A Versatile System for Catalytic and Biological Applications
Authors: Bhatt Surabhi , Meena Neha , Kumar Mukesh , Bhuvanesh Nattamai , Kumar Anil , Sharma Anuj K. , Joshi Hemant
Published: September 2022

This report describes the synthesis of two ruthenium(II) ENE pincer complexes (E = S, C1 and E = Se, C2) by the reaction of bis(2‐(phenylchalcogenyl)ethyl)amine (L1, L2) with RuCl2(PPh3)3. The complexes were characterized with the help of 1H and 13C{1H} NMR, FTIR, HRMS, cyclic voltammetry and elemental analysis techniques. The structure and bonding mode of ligand with ruthenium in C2 was established with the help of single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The complex showed distorted octahedral geometry with two chlorine atoms trans to each other. The Ru−Se bond distances (Å) are 2.4564(3)‐2.4630(3), Ru−N distance is 2.181(2), Ru−P distance is 2.2999(6), and Ru−Cl distances are 2.4078(6)‐2.4314(6). The complexes showed good to excellent catalytic activity for the N‐alkylation of o‐phenylenediamine with benzyl alcohol derivatives to synthesize 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives. The complexes were also found to be efficient for aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohols to corresponding aldehydes which are precursors to the bisimines generated in situ during the synthesis of 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazole derivatives. Complex C2 where selenium is coordinated with ruthenium was found to be more efficient as compared to sulfur coordinated ruthenium complex C1. Since ruthenium complexes are getting increasing attention for developing new anticancer agents, the preliminary studies like binding behavior of both the complexes towards CT‐DNA were studied by competitive binding with ethidium bromide (EthBr) using emission spectroscopy. In addition, the interactions of C1−C2 were also studied with bovine serum albumin (BSA) using steady state fluorescence quenching and synchronous fluorescence studies. A good stability of Ru(II) state was observed by cyclic voltammetric studies of C1−C2. Overall these molecules are good examples of bio‐organometallic systems for catalytic and biological applications.
A Strategy for Polar Crystals with Dipolar Heterohelicenes
Authors: Hiroto Satoru , Wakita Mana , Chujo Moeko
Published: September 2022

Polar crystals have attracted interest for the applications to polar materials with piezo‐ and pyroelectricity, and second harmonic generation. Despite their potential utility for flexible polar materials, a strategy for ordering polar helicenes has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate the creation of polar crystals with unsymmetrically substituted aza[5]helicenes tuned by substituents. The unsymmetric aza[5]helicenes have been prepared through regioselective mono‐protiodesilylations. We disclose that triisopropylsilyl‐substituted derivatives show 1D chain columnar packings. In particular, enantiopure crystals showed spontaneous polarization. Optical and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction experiments with other derivatives, as well as theoretical calculations, revealed that the presence of triisopropylsilyl or electron‐withdrawing aryl substituents is essential for forming the 1D chain columnar structure. Hirshfeld surface analyses further showed that CH‐π interactions between 1D chain columns regulate the polar assembly. Finally, we determined the polarizability of the nitro derivative by ab initio calculation to be 4.53 μC/cm2. This value corroborates the first example of a spontaneously polar crystal of helicenes. We believe that this study will contribute to the development of polar materials from organic molecules.
Translation of ionic liquids to be enteric nanoparticles for facilitating oral absorption of cyclosporine A
Authors: Liu Kaiheng , Liu Wenjuan , Dong Zirong , Zhang Luyu , Li Qiuyu , Zhang Renjie , He Haisheng , Lu Yi , Wu Wei , Qi Jianping
Published: September 2022

Ionic liquids (ILs) attract more and more interests in improving drug transport across membrane, including transdermal, nasal, and oral delivery. However, some drawbacks of ILs impede the application in oral drug delivery, such as rapid precipitation of poorly soluble drugs in stomach. This study aimed to employ enteric mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) to load ILs to overcome the shortcomings faced in oral administration. The choline sorbate ILs (SCILs) were synthesized by choline bicarbonate and sorbic acid and then adsorbed in mesopores of MSNs after dissolving cyclosporin A (CyA). MSNs loading SCILs and CyA were coated by Eudragit® L100 to form enteric nanoparticles. The in vitro release study showed that the CyA and SCILs released only 10% for 2 h in simulated gastric fluids but more than 90% in simulated intestinal fluid. In addition, SCILs and CyA were able to release from MSNs synchronously. After oral administration, enteric MSNs loading SCILs were capable of improving oral absorption of CyA significantly and the oral bioavailability of CyA was similar with that of oral Neoral®. In addition, the oral absorption of enteric MSNs was higher than that of nonenteric MSNs, which showed that enteric coating was necessary to ILs in oral delivery. These findings revealed great potential of translation of ILs to be enteric nanoparticles for facilitating oral absorption of CyA. It is predictable this delivery system is promising to be a platform for delivering poorly water‐soluble drugs and even biologics orally.
Using period analysis to timely assess and predict 5‐year relative survival for colorectal cancer patients in Taizhou, eastern China
Authors: Zhang Min , Cheng Yongran , Chen Bicheng , Li Runhua , Jiang Xiyi , Wang Liangyou , Chen Tianhui , Liao Qi , Chen Jinfei
Published: September 2022

Introduction

While timely assessment of long‐term survival for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is essential for evaluation on early detection and screening programs of colorectal cancer, those data are extremely scarce in China. We aimed to timely and accurately assess long‐term survival for CRC patients in eastern China.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with CRC during 2004–2018 and followed up until December 31, 2018 from four cancer registries with high‐quality data from Taizhou, eastern China were included. Period analysis was used to calculate 5‐year relative survival (RS) for overall and the stratification by sex, age at diagnosis and region. The projected 5‐year RS of CRC patients during 2019–2023 was also assessed using a model‐based period analysis.

Results

Overall 5‐year RS for patients with CRC during 2014–2018 reached 78.8%, being 74.9% for men and 86.1% for women. 5‐year RS declined along with aging, decreasing from 84.1% for age < 45 years to 48.9% for age > 74 years, while 5‐year RS for urban area was higher compared to rural area (83.9% vs. 75.8%). Projected overall 5‐year RS of CRC patients could reach 85.9% during the upcoming period 2019–2023.

Conclusions

We provided, for first time in China using period analysis, most up‐to‐date 5‐year RS for patients with CRC from Taizhou, eastern China and also found 5‐year RS for CRC patients have improved greatly during 2004–2018.
Antimicrobial drug use and the risk of glioma: A case–control study
Authors: Haedenkamp Tareq M. , Leitzmann Michael F. , Linker Ralf A. , Meier Christoph , Becker Claudia , Jick Susan , Hau Peter , Seliger Corinna
Published: September 2022

Background

The use of antibiotics has been associated with increased risks of various cancers. Comprehensive information on the association of antibiotic use with the risk of glioma is lacking.

Methods

We performed a large case–control study based on the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD from the United Kingdom. We identified 4423 glioma cases recorded between 1995 and 2020 and matched them to controls (1:10) on the date of diagnosis (i.e., the index date), age, sex, general practice, and number of years of medical history in the database prior to the index date. We conducted conditional logistic regression analyses to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The exposures of interest were the use of antimicrobial drugs, including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal, and anthelmintic drugs with specific subclasses, where possible.

Results

We found no substantially increased risk of glioma after ever‐use of antibiotics (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.03–1.24). The risk did not increase with the increasing number of prescriptions received or with increasing time from first use to cancer diagnosis. The use of polyenes was associated with a weakly decreased risk of glioma (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67–0.96).
NTRK3 mutation in secretory carcinoma of the parotid gland: A Case report
Authors: AlKaabba Fahad , Alloghbi Abdurahman , Deajim Yazeed , Sukkari Mohamad W. , Khan Mir Yousufuddin Ali , Sukari Ammar
Published: September 2022

Mammary analog secretory carcinoma (MASC) is a newly described carcinoma with a molecular hallmark of ETV6‐NTRK3 fusion that promotes oncogenesis. While MASC histopathology was well‐studied in the literature, clinical behavior remains unstudied. We present a 22‐year‐old man with painless parotid mass, which was diagnosed as salivary gland cancer, MASC subtype.
Delayed distal pancreatectomy for isolated complete pancreatic disruption secondary to “trivial” blunt abdominal injury: A case report and literature review
Authors: Tamrat Girmaye , Kejela Segni
Published: September 2022

Pancreatic injury is a formidable diagnostic and therapeutic challenge owing to its relative rarity. Most injuries are from motor vehicle related injuries in blunt trauma patients. We present a 22‐year‐old male patient presented after sustaining a kick to the abdomen. He developed progressive abdominal pain with vomiting with delayed generalization of the pain and involuntary guarding. On initial exploratory laparotomy, suction drainage was inserted, and patient underwent delayed spleen sparing distal pancreatectomy on the 25th post‐admission day. Patient had smooth postoperative course and was discharged on the 7th postoperative day.
Prediction of software defects using deep learning with improved cuckoo search algorithm
Authors: Badvath Dhanalaxmi , Miriyala Aruna safali , Gunupudi Sai chaitanya Kumar , Kuricheti Parish venkata Kumar
Published: September 2022

The software project model needs a defect prediction model to find defect‐prone file software systems. The fault‐prone model prediction, predicting bugs, and bug removal can undertake the software industry to achieve software quality. Therefore, automatically forecasting the number of errors in software modules is important, and it may assist developers in allocating limited resources more efficiently. Several methods for detecting and repairing such flaws at a low cost have been offered. These approaches, on the other hand, need to be significantly improved in terms of performance. Hence in this article, we implement an ensemble technique for the software defect prediction and prediction of the software bug. Also, we proposed a hybrid technique to predict several defects in the software system. The proposed approach uses principle component analysis for feature extraction which is to improve further performance and control the optimization problem. Classifiers were applied to five PROMISE datasets to determine the greatest implemented classifier with respect to the prediction achievement measuring factor. Our proposed model yields greater results on solving defect prediction problems and showing enhancement toward the existing model.