bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Absorption of Oils into Porous Coatings
Authors:   English China Clays Central Laboratories, St Austell, Cornwall, Gate L. F. , Windle W. ,   English China Clays Central Laboratories, St Austell, Cornwall
Published: February 2024

An approach to the basic processes of ink absorption into paper coatings is made by considering the way in which oil is absorbed into kaolin-based layers (50 microns thick), formed on flexible polyester substrates. Oil layers are applied to these layers by use of an IGT printability tester . The change in gloss level with time after application of the oil film is used as a method for determining the time taken for an oil film of known thickness to be absorbed. The capillary penetration equation of Washburn is used as a basis to explore the relationship between the physical properties of the oils and the structure of the coatings. The basic structure of one coating is also determined by the method of mercury porosimetry and is related to the oil absorption rate by use of the equation of Millington & Quirk for the permeability of the layer.
Practical Aspects of Paper/Liquid Interaction During Paper Coating
Authors:   CPC Europe, Euro Centre Paper, Krefeld, W. Germany, Bergh N. O. , Thomin W. H. ,   CPC Europe, Euro Centre Paper, Krefeld, W. Germany
Published: February 2024

An attempt is made to demonstrate the relationship between paper as a substrate and the different properties of coating colours by photographs of microtome sections. The results are based on the coating technology of industrial and pilot plant experiences. The first part deals with multi-roll application, mainly size press operation with starches and coating colours and makes obvious the penetration zone of the different aqueous coatings. The effect of different factors of the coatings (viscosity, starch modification, solids, paper smoothness, sizing degree ofthe base paper and machine speed) on the coating weight and the starch penetration have been investigated and demonstrated. The effect of coating colour application and the use of airknife and blade applications is shown in paper sectioning pictures and the results are discussed. Finally, the migration problem of the different binders is investigated, especially using intense hot-air drying. These demonstrations by micrographs of paper sections show the possibility of making visible some parts of the mechanism of paper and liquid interaction during paper coating.
Fundamental Paper Properties in Relation to Printability
Authors:   Bowater Technical Services Ltd., Northfleet, Gravesend, Kent, Parker J. R.
Published: February 2024

Printability can be satisfactorily related to fundamental paper properties only if the nature and the consequences of the interactions among paper, ink and printing press during and after impression are well understood. Our present knowledge of these interactions is critically reviewed with particular reference to wetting, spreading, conformability, roughness, ink transfer, ink setting and print-through. The behaviour of low concentrations of oil in paper is considered in some detail.
An Improved Model of the Reflectance Properties of Uneven Solid Prints
Authors:   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Stockholm, Wahren D. , Bryntse G. ,   Swedish Forest Products Research Laboratory, Stockholm
Published: February 2024

A theoretical model relating the print density and mottle of solid prints to the optical properties of the paper, the ink, the amount of ink and the unevenness of the ink distribution in the print has been developed. The model differs from previous models in that the effects of speckle are included and in that the effects of the variables mentioned above can be clearly distinguished. The model is compatible with the assumption that stochastic processes govern the ink distribution and that the intensity of these processes may be related to the structure of the paper. Only a brief review of some results is given.
Quantification of Subjective Quality
Authors:   Wiggins Teape Research ft Development Ltd., Beaconsfield, Bucks., Daisley P. A.
Published: February 2024

Most attempts to quantify features of paper involve the use or creation of scientific instruments. This contribution claims attention to an entirely different approach in which human judgments can be organised and structured to provide viable quantification that aligns with practical assessment in production and in the market place. Three of the many applications are given as examples.
Permanence of Paper
Authors:   Paper Science Section, University of Manchester Institute of Science & Technology, Lyth Hudson F.
Published: February 2024

Cellulose has the environmental advantage that it is bio-degradable and that paper made from it is readily recycled by repulping. It is perhaps surprising that cellulose keeps as well as it does and that some books keep for centuries. In spite of much research work, it is impossible to predict the permanence of individual samples really precisely from artificial ageing tests, though the factors to affect ageing are fairly clear. The quality of the furnish has always been known to be important. Acidity has been studied for a long time and the permanence of existing books can be improved, at a cost, by neutralisation. Storage temperature is important, but has been largely ignored, although it could be corrected in many existing libraries.
Session Chairmen’s Appraisals – Session 7: Dr H. G. Higgins
Authors: Higgins H. G.
Published: February 2024

The reaction between paper and its environment is by definition the ecology of paper. This word was once understood only by biological scientists and scholars of Greek, but it is now on everybody’s lips, so session 7 should have proved immensely popular. Of course, we have largely confined our considerations to the response of paper to its environment or to imposed conditions of temperature, humidity and mechanical or chemical stress; we have not been too concerned today with the way in which the total environment, as it involves man, is affected by paper and by the technological processes that constitute papermaking-or more broadly, the pulp and paper industry. It is as well to note, however, the connection between paper’s response to and its effect on the environment, if only to ensure, as the sledgehammers of change swing ever faster, that we do not lose sight of the relevance of our discussions to the current pressing problems on the interface between the paper industry and the rest of society. Nor, we hope, will the relevance be lost on those responsible for sponsoring our attendance at the next symposium.
Time to death and its predictors among Ethiopian under-five children: cluster-level shared frailty survival analysis using the 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic health survey
Authors: Zakir Abasimel Husen , Tesfaye Oyato Befekadu , Alemu Desta Adugna , Kinati Tadele , Israel Gesisa Hana , Awol Mukemil
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Reducing under-five mortality to less than 25 per 1000 live births by 2030 is one of the Sustainable Development Goals introduced in 2016. However, several countries are still falling short of their targets. In Ethiopia, one out of every 19 children dies before reaching the age of five. Thus, this study aims to identify the time to death and its predictors among under-five children in Ethiopia. Methods: The data were retrieved from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey data set. Descriptive statistics and survival curves were applied. Shared frailty survival analysis was employed to determine the predictors of under-five mortality. Statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05. Result: The under-five mortality rate was found to be 59 deaths per 1000 live births with an estimated mean survival time of 57.6 months (95%CI: 57.38, 57.85). A child born into a family of seven or more had an 85% lowered risk of dying (AHR = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.05, 0.44). The risk of mortality among children born in the birth order of five or above was 3 times higher (AHR = 3.00, 95%CI: 1.70, 5.21) compared to those born in the birth order of one to four. The estimated risk of death among under-five children born less than 24 months interval was 2.68 times higher (AHR=2.68, 95%CI: 1.71, 4.21). Never breastfed was also a significant predictor of under-five child death (AHR = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.46, 5.23). Conclusion: Birth order, family size, preceding birth interval, and never breastfed history were significant predictors of under-five child mortality. Health policies should focus on keeping the spirit of a continuum of care to improve the health of the child and the health of the family as a whole. Health care providers should intervene in the community to maximize optimal infant and young child feeding practices.
Children Don't Like Eating What They're Supposed to Eat… A Study of Public Catering for Children in Hungary from a Historical Perspective
Authors: Nickel Vira Réka
Published: February 2024

Childhood nutrition is an important element of lifestyle research, since the regularity and nutritional content of our meals as children, and the way in which they are eaten, determine our physical and mental health throughout our lives. Prior to 2018, there was no basic interdisciplinary research on this topic in Hungary, thus to fill the gap, an interdisciplinary research group was established in 2018 at the Institute of Ethnography, which carried out nationwide research. The present study is based on fieldwork undertaken by the author in two schools — the János Lenkey Primary School in Eger (formerly Primary School No. 1) and the Tamás Bolyki Primary School in Ózd — as well as a large amount of information gleaned from questionnaires and interviews. My research was also extended in terms of a historical and geographical perspective: I studied archival sources and expanded the field of my investigations by including Salgótarján, a research location familiar from my earlier research, which provided a vantage point alongside Ózd and Eger, as a third city typical of Northern Hungary. Public catering for children has undergone significant changes in the last six to seven years, although prior to this it had appeared relatively uniform, in line with the ingredients available at the time. The obligation to provide public catering and the general obligation to work, which began in the Rákosi era and culminated in the Kádár era, significantly changed family eating habits. Traditional elements typical of a particular locality disappeared as the globalization efforts of socialism were accomplished. The ever-decreasing amount of time devoted to preparing, cooking, and consuming food moved society in the direction of canteens, fast-food restaurants, and later, after the regime change, global fast-food chains. Education on proper nutrition is not currently part of academic teacher training, thus for want of a better alternative, teachers organize children's school meals based on their own experience and socialization or following the school's regulations (where they exist), without having a unified concept. The number of meals eaten at home has been reduced to light breakfasts, lunches, and dinners, with families mostly sitting down together at the table for dinner, when they often consume ready meals. Lack of contact with foodstuffs and with the person preparing the food has a negative impact on children's psychological development. Relying on extensive basic research and participant observation, and through the joint efforts of specialists from several fields of the social sciences, a significant improvement could be achieved in both public catering and education on healthy nutrition.
Gamma irradiation effects on microbial and qualitative properties of rosehip (Rosa canina L.) fresh fruit during storage
Authors: Berenji Ardestani S. , Ahmadi Z. , Esfandyari Ch.
Published: February 2024

Fruit of rosehip (Rosa canina L.) has high economic, medicinal, and nutritional values. Rosehip is rarely consumed fresh due to limitations of seasonality and short shelf life. They are usually processed, which affects the nutritional and sensory characteristics of rosehip products. Radiation processing along with storage at 4 °C is a way to increase safety and prolong fresh rosehip durability. Rosehip fruits were harvested at enough maturity stage, irradiated at doses of 0 (control), 0.5, 1, and 1.5 kGy, and stored at 25 and 4 °C for 60 days. Gamma irradiation at 1 kGy caused an increase in weight loss during storage for 60 days at 25 °C. Microbial counts, total phenolic contents (TPC), total anthocyanin contents (TAC), ascorbic acid contents (AAC), DPPH• scavenging activity, total colour difference (∆Eh), and sensory properties were acceptable in the sample irradiated at 1 kGy and preserved for 60 days at 4 °C. The amounts of acidity, pH, and total soluble solids (TSS) were not significantly different from the control. Gamma irradiation at 1 kGy and thereafter storage of the irradiated fruit at 4 °C are suggested as minimal processing and storage conditions of rosehip fresh fruit (RFF) for 60 days.
Emerging zoonotic viral diseases and preventive strategies with Islamic perspectives of halal foods
Authors: Mehak Fakiha , Yousaf Quddoos Muhammad , Mahmood Shahid , Mukhtar Shanza , Selim Samy , Al Jaouni Soad K. , Almuhayawi Mohammed S. , Ahmed Elawad Mohammed , Almutairi Naif , Eisa Hamdoon Alashary Adam , Modawy Elkhalifa Modawy Elnour , Shahzad Aymen , Naz Nighat , Tufail Rubab , Mohammed Salim Liga Hasan , Ahmed Alshebli
Published: February 2024

There are several emerging zoonotic viral diseases associated with wildlife or non-wildlife food that arise with the passage of time. Different pathogenic strains with advanced mutational changes results in severe pathogenicity in respective hosts either animals or humans. The viability in human host employs the certainty of transmission from animals. Most of the viral diseases in humans caused by direct close contact between animals or indirectly through intermediate hosts. Many of the coronaviral diseases spread by bats specie and its reservoirs. Moreover, the consumption of other wildlife animals common in certain regions of world escalate the potential risk for gaining various zoonotic viral ailments. On the other hand, the Islamic norms for food consumption remarkably reduces the risk of these diseases by devouring the Halal (lawful) or Tayyab foods. The xenobiotic transformations in animals also illustrates the prohibition of haram (unlawful) food consumption. Humans with compromised immune system in elderly or suffering from chronic diseases can easily adopt these viral diseases and thus may prone to lethality. One of the emerging zoonotic viral diseases involve COVID-19 caused by novel β-coronavirus (nCov) transmission has been suspected in Wuhan wildlife market that also have origin of bat reservoirs as natural host based on virus genome sequencing results and evolutionary analysis. Measures to prevent or reduce transmission should be especially implemented in populations at greater risk.
Characteristics of Verbs with Destructive Meaning in Russian and Serbian Languages
Authors:   University of Novi Sad, Krstich Maja
Published: February 2024

The relevance of the study is proved by the fact that the category of destructiveness and the means of its implementation have not received any detailed analysis in linguistics so far. The object of the study is comprised of the verbs with destructive meaning in the Russian and Serbian languages, since these units form the core of the lexical-semantic field of destructiveness. The purpose of the article is to give a comprehensive (multi-level) description of verbs with the semantics of destructiveness, to highlight their specificity in the languages compared. It has been established that in the Russian and Serbian languages, verbs with the semantics of destructiveness fall into four groups: verbs with the meaning of damage; disappearance; destruction, decomposition; harm. It is shown that destructive verbs are characterized by a specific paradigmatic defect caused by semantic barriers. The comparison of the paradigms of verbs with a destructive meaning in the Russian and Serbian languages revealed that in both languages these units are characterized by two-term paradigms, in the Russian language there are verbs with a five-term paradigm, in the Serbian language such units are not represented. It has been revealed that the filling of zero paradigmatic positions in verbs with a five-term paradigm occurs through analytical constructions; verbs with a two-term paradigm do not need to be replaced, since they denote destructive actions, which do not require the forms of the 1 st or 2 nd person.
Functional and Semantic Potential of ‘Noun + Go/Sit/Lay + Negative Participle II’ Constructions and the Ways of Translating Them
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Economics, Medvedeva Svetlana
Published: February 2024

The research aims at defining functional and semantic potential of 'noun + go/sit/lay + negative Participle II' constructions and the ways of translating them into Russian. Language material obtained from Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) is processed with the help of the method of collostructional analysis, which combines both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The constructions under study have grammatical and collocational restrictions and can be considered as quasi-passive. Left context collocates of the constructions usually form several intersecting lexical semantic domains. Right context collocates represent a dynamic scenario of prototypical interactive situations related to the left context domains. The verbs go, sit, lay cannot be used in Continuous tenses as a result of coercion. The constructions can be translated into Russian in various ways due to usage-based and typological constructional differences between the languages. The work draws on achievements and problems of constructional approach applied to translation. The paper discusses development and prospects of research in construction grammar for finding a solution to practical issues in translation including cataloging of existing constructions in typologically different languages, matching constructions in various languages using parallel tagged corpora, defining unique constructions specific to certain languages and giving a detailed description of their pragmatic, stylistic functional and semantic features.
Names of Military Operations: Motivation of Nomination (On the Material of French Military Texts)
Authors:   Southern Federal University, Kravcov Sergey , Solovyova Evgeniya ,   Southern Federal University
Published: February 2024

The paper is devoted to onomastic nomination as an actual problem in linguistics. The article analyzes nominations of military operations in which French units participated at different times. The nominations were selected from authentic memoirs and documents written by French military personnel, as well as from materials presented on the official website of the French Ministry of Armed Forces. Classifications of the names of military operations are proposed in accordance with their structural organization and subject of reference. The quantitative relationship of onyms within each classification is established and explained. Cases of onymization of appellative lexical units in the category of military operations are described. The mechanisms of motivation for onomastic nominations of military operations are identified and their impact potential is revealed. It has been established that the source of motivation for the names of military operations can be historical and geographical facts, metaphorical or metonymic change of appellative vocabulary, and its symbolization. Using the methods of component analysis of onyms and stylistic analysis of microcontexts of their use, it is shown that the connotative semes of the studied nominations are represented in microcontexts by describing the historical facts that underlie onyms, or stylistic means: metaphor, metonymy, lexeme-symbol, antithesis, irony. Based on the results obtained, the prospects for further research are identified.
The Artificial Intelligence Ideologeme in the Multimodal IT Marketing Discourse: A Corpus-Assisted Study
Authors:   Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Sokolova Natalia
Published: February 2024

The article focuses on investigating the specifics of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) ideologeme in the website discourse of software vendors. The material of the study is the website discourse of Microsoft. The linguo-conceptual and discursive analyses have resulted in identifying the most frequent lexemes in dictionary entries and constructing the nominative field of the AI concept. We have carried out a corpus-assisted study of the linguistic representation of the AI ideologeme in the Microsoft discourse using AntConc and extracted keywords and collocations, including metaphorical ones, which make the ideologeme explicit through keywords such as responsible, businesses, change, etc., collocations: AI-ready culture, AI-human partnership, etc., metaphors based on the actions of living beings such as drive, dive, etc. The keywords and collocations create the intention-driven positive ideologeme of AI as a phenomenon regulated by competent bodies and empowering businesses to drive the positive change, along with amplifying the capabilities of human beings. The nonverbal means of the AI ideologeme have been described within the representative and interactive dimensions such as pictures of living beings, colors of nature such as green and blue, and metaphorical perspectives contributing to the discursive affinity of AI and nature. The corpus-assisted study has resulted in identifying the discursive representation of the AI ideologeme which is different from that of the dictionary entries describing AI as a machine capability to copy the human behavior.
Specificity of Nominating the Geographical Objects: The Reflection of National and Regional Components
Authors:   Volgograd State University, Ilyin Dmitriy , Sidorova Elena ,   Volgograd State University
Published: February 2024

The political, economic, social and cultural changes that occur in the society affect the processes of nominating urban objects, which represent a fundamental part of toponymic policy. It therefore seems relevant to compare the basics of nominating processes underlying the hodonyms, which are understood as proper names that nominate linear or separately standing elements of a street and road network located on the territory of any type of settlement. The article deals with the hodonyms of Volgograd and Krasnoyarsk. As a result of the comparative study, it has been established that whilst nominating intra-city topographical objects of the abovementioned settlements, the most relevant were memorative and locative linguistic codes, through which the history of the area, country and world is characterized in the hodonymic space of the regions, while symbolic, ethnic and numeric linguistic codes are not decisive for the choice of urban objects' names. It has been proved that linguistic coding takes into account national trends in the development of globalization and glocalization processes and regional specifics, which clarify the geographical location of a settlement, the national composition of the population, their customs and traditions. The article identifies some factors that hinder the implementation of toponymic policy, the most significant of which are the low degree of novelty of the name within the city; the presence of hodonyms, one of the components of which is correlated with another geographical term, the occurrence of separate multi-component nominations.
Regional Peculiarities of Glorification and Deglorification in South Ural Commemorative Names
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Pitina Svetlana , Taskaeva Anna ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: February 2024

The article presents the results of cognitive, language-and-cultural and sociolinguistic analysis with the goal to distinguish the markers of regional identity in commemorative names, viewed as heroic ideologemes that help in actualizing ideological and axiological ideas of community. The empirical material, that was collected through upstanding sampling from regional web sites and survey, includes region commemorative names represented by nominations of outstanding people and historical events that took place in Chelyabinsk region. Considering cultural history of the territory, the commemorative names could remain in the regional consciousness for a long time without changing the original content. However, the original forms might either be simplified without losing the heroic sense or in the process of transonymization they might fail to keep it in folk naming, undergo renaming, or disappear from the local language landspace. Deglorification may be presented as complete or partial loss of heroic connotations in commemorative names. Heroic meaning of a toponym or microtoponym is kept on in cases of partial deglorification, though being specified by some positive connotations associated with the attitude of the local people to the commemorative name. Heroic meaning of commemorative nomination is faded out in cases of complete deglorification, thus reflecting ironical or contemptuous attitude of the South Ural people to transformed toponyms or microtoponyms. Commemorative toponyms and microtoponyms demonstrate reference to folk nomination; whereas recurrent usage of the same folk names in the answers to the survey is viewed as a reliable proof that regional place names and minor place names are markers of regional identity in the language consciousness of the South Ural people. The results of the study are supposed to be included in the Dictionary of Chelyabinsk regional lexicon.
Informal Support Network of Large City Inhabitants – The Selected Aspects (the Case of Lodz)
Authors:   University of Lodz, Grotowska-Leder Jolanta
Published: February 2024

Many members of a society deal with their everyday problems on their own, but there are people who look for and receive support from other individuals, groups and institutions. Social networks are considered important providers of resources accumulated in and of services delivered by the local community. The article is focused on social support networks of families living in big city in comparison with families living less urbanized communes. The first part of the analyses presents social support networks in various theoretical approaches. The main subject of empirical reflection are the resources available to these families as a result of informal social relations. The main conclusions are that informal social network of studied families is important for solving their every-day problems and the main resource of support for them are close relatives, then friends and the most rarelyneighbors, but the patterns of support expected and received within informal networks vary according to age and quality of residence. The paper is based on the results of the research conducted in 2008–2009 (the quota sample – 500 families living in Lodz and 1000 families living in less urbanized communes) within the project “Social network and local partnership in counteracting social exclusion and intergenerational transmission of poverty” (Nr H02E 021 29) coordinated by author.
Construction of Feminity and Masculinity in the Discourse to Popularize a Science. The Analysis of Discursive Strategies
Authors:   AGH University in Kraków, Leszczyńska Katarzyna
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this paper is to present the analyses of the discursive strategies of constructing gender difference in the articles published in the Science in Poland bulletin. This bulletin is an important platform for the popularization of Polish and world science. It is funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education in Poland. In the article, I assume that gender is a socially constructed structure (including discursive) level, about the difference between men and women, especially anatomically. Starting from the assumptions of the theory of discourse, which is understood as the process of producing and reproducing social meaning, the analysis includes articles published on the website between 2005 and 2010. In the first part of the paper, I introduce the definition of gender and gender beliefs, which are an important context for the analysis. Then, the content and the method of research (the analysis of discourse) are characterized. In the last part of the paper, the results of research characterizing the main discursive strategies reproducing gender in polarized, homogeneous, and universal categories are presented.
Przedterminowe wybory parlamentarne w Macedonii w 2011 r. i ich skutki dla konfiguracji macedońskiego systemu partyjnego
Authors:   Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Żukiewicz Przemysław
Published: February 2024

In this article I point to the three reasons for a dissolution of the Macedonian parliament in 2011: the conflict between the government and opposition private media, the inefficient foreign policy and the difficult economic situation. Based on the analysis of the last election’s results I advance the thesis that the political crisis in Macedonia in the period 2008-2010 did not disturb the stability of the political scene and the early election showed how ‘frozen’ remains Macedonian party system.
Instytucja przysięgi prezydenta w polskim porządku prawnym
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Maroń Grzegorz
Published: February 2024

The President’s oath of office is a solemn declaration taken in the presence of the National Assembly by which a new head of state swears to be faithful to the provisions of the Constitution; to steadfastly safeguard the dignity of the Nation, the independence and security of the State, and also that the good of the Homeland and the prosperity of its citizens shall forever remain his supreme obligation. The oath of office has been taken by all Presidents of the Republic of Poland, from Gabriel Narutowicz in 1922 to Bronisław Komorowski in 2010. Over the span of 90 years the words and the form of the oath of office were subject to changes. In the interwar period, the President’s oath of office was religious in nature and was articulated in following words „I swear to Almighty God, One in the Holy Trinity”. After World War II, i.e. between 1947 and 1952, the President’s oath of office partially lost its sacral dimension, although it was still ended with obligatory Invocatio Dei. Nowadays, namely from 1992, secular oath of office may also be optionally taken with the additional sentence „So help me, God”. President’s oath of office is an example of a specific type of legal institution that originated from interaction between different normative systems. This institution combines law with morality, religion and custom. Legal relevancy of the President’s oath of office reveals itself in the fact that swearing-in is a condition which President has to fulfill to take over the office. Whereas infringement of the oath of office can be one of the grounds, rather than the only ground, for Presidential impeachment before The Tribunal of State. Swearing-in is a crucial element of Presidential inauguration. Official schedule of the first day of the Presidential term also contains taking control of the Armed Forces and receiving insignia of the two highest polish orders (The Order of the White Eagle and The Order of Polonia Restituta). The President also participates in the Eucharist held in the Archcathedral in Warsaw, which is rather a private ceremony. Characteristic of the given institution requires not only the analysis of the law but also its practice. Analysis of statues and other normative acts should be accompanied by empirical case study.
Diferenciando Marketing Verde de Greenwashing com Base em Dados do Banco do Brasil S.A. e Natura & Co.
Authors: Costa Camila da , Schreiber Dusan , Figueiró Paola Schmitt , Viana Luciane Pereira
Published: February 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar as diferenças entre as ações de marketing verde e de tendência ao greenwashing, bem como suas implicações para as práticas de desenvolvimento socioambiental das empresas, com base em dados do Banco do Brasil S.A. e Natura & Co. Utilizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e estudo de caso múltiplo, realizado com análise de documentos, como relatórios anuais, além de outras informações disponíveis aos consumidores pelas duas empresas em seus sites. A análise documental foi orientada pela check-list construída a partir da revisão teórica. A pesquisa evidenciou que as duas organizações analisadas seguem princípios éticos na publicização de suas ações no âmbito da sustentabilidade, nas dimensões ambiental e social, configurando desta forma o modelo de marketing verde, preconizado na literatura científica, distanciando-se da tipificação de greenwashing. Tanto o Banco do Brasil como a Natura & Co. demonstram, por meio de relatórios disponibilizados em seus sites, a realização de ações e apoio a projetos, tanto sociais, como ambientais, que, ao serem objeto de comunicação ao mercado e stakeholders, evidenciam características de veracidade, com indicação de fontes e documentos que comprovam a efetiva execução de ações citadas. Destarte, é possível inferir que se trata de marketing verde e não greenwashing.
Deep Learning-Based Aspect Term Extraction for Sentiment Analysis in Hindi
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India, Gupta Ashwani , Sharma Utpal
Published: February 2024

Objectives: Aspect terms play a vital role in finalizing the sentiment of a given review. This experimental study aims to improve the aspect term extraction mechanism for Hindi language reviews. Methods: We trained and evaluated a deep learning-based supervised model for aspect term extraction. All experiments are performed on a well-accepted Hindi dataset. A BiLSTM-based attention technique is employed to improve the extraction results. Findings: Our results show better F-score results than many existing supervised methods for aspect term extraction. Accuracy results are outstanding compared to other reported results. Results showed an outstanding 91.27% accuracy and an F–score of 43.16. Novelty: This proposed architecture and the achieved results are a foundational resource for future studies and endeavours in the field. Keywords: Sentiment analysis, Aspect based sentiment analysis, Aspect term extraction, Deep Learning, Bi LSTM, Indian language, Hindi
Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of the Mg Based Functionally Graded Material Fabricated through Centrifugal Casting Process
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, 608 002, Tamil Nadu, India, Kumar M Anil , Srinivasan V , Raju P Ramamurthy
Published: February 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study is to examine the mechanical and microstructural properties of functionally graded material (FGM) composites based on magnesium (Mg). Magnesium alloys are commonly employed in the development of biomaterials for implant applications owing to their favorable corrosion properties. The research objective is to study the microstructural and mechanical properties and produce Zn/Mo reinforced functionally graded magnesium composites using the centrifugal casting. Methods: A triple layered cylindrical shaped Mg based functionally graded material (FGM) was fabricated through a centrifugal process from (Mg (80%) +Zn (10%) + Mo (10%) alloy. The developed FGMs have been analyzed for their mechanical and microstructural characteristics. The microstructure was analyzed via the OM AND SEM microscope. It is identified that denser particle molybdenum (Mo) have influenced the mechanical and microstructural characteristics. Findings: Results recommend that, all the three layered testing’s, Mg (80%) +Zn (10%) + Mo (10%) composite exhibited favorable mechanical and microstructural properties. It is identified that denser particle of Mo which is influenced the microstructural characteristics. The alteration in micro hardness in the direction of centrifugal force is observed, and it is perceived that top surface has higher hardness as compared to the middle and bottom region. The flexural strength of top surface sample is 254 MPa, which is 10% greater than middle surface sample and 12.36% greater than bottom surface sample. Compressive strength of 385 MPa, surpassing the middle surface sample by 17.11% and the bottom surface sample by 19.36%. Novelty: In this study, a novel three-layered centrifugal casting technique was devised. Owing to its rapid degradability, the anticipated duration of the implants within the human body is significantly shorter in comparison to alternative biomaterials such as Titanium and Stainless steel. Furthermore, the findings from the conducted tests strongly advocate for the utilization of this technique in biomedical implantations. Keywords: Functionally graded material (FGM), Centrifugal casting, Mechanical properties, Microstructural behavior and bioimplants
Stable Transfection of Plasmid DNA into Adherent Rodent Cell Lines Using Calcium Phosphate v1
Authors: Dwivedi Vipasha
Published: February 2024

A traditional strategy for stably transfecting DNA into rodent fibroblast cell lines features calcium phosphate precipitates.Here we describe our laboratory protocol for this strategy.We have assumed that the transfected DNA contains an expression vector for an antibiotic resistance gene, such as the neomycin resistance gene, the hygromycin resistance gene, the puromycin resistance gene, and the like.
“MAIDEN VOWS” AND “VENGEANCE”: GALICIAN MASTERPIECES OF ALEKSANDER FREDRO
Authors:   Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Poland, Nabytovych Ihor
Published: February 2024

The most recognizable figure of Galicia in the 19th century for Polish cultural memory remains the creator of comedies Alexander Fredro. Already in the first quarter of the 19th century, the dramaturgy of Alexander Fredro gradually turned Galicia into a center of Polish culture. The theater was the center of cultural and social life in Lviv almost throughout the 19th century. Fredro’s comedies are surprisingly Galician. However, they are rooted not only in the Galician space, in the Galician noble tradition, but also in Moliere’s characters, Shakespeare’s passions in minor events against the background of the social and political life of Galicia at the end of the 18th - the first third of the 19th century. These dramatic works are an artistic reflection of that Galicia, which grows on the remains of the aristocratic Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and adapts to the Viennese way of life and thinking, to the existence born of new mental maps in the province of the Habsburg Monarchy. Already during the lifetime of the playwright, it became clear that “Śluby panieńskie” (“Maiden Vows”) and “Zemsta” (“Vengeance”) were the peaks of his work. And although the events of the first of the comedies supposedly take place on the territory of the Kingdom of Poland, in fact, such a location is an attempt to place the actions of the work outside the Habsburg Monarchy. All of Fredro’s comedies, which were staged during his lifetime, except for the last “Dożyvocie” (“Lifetime maintenance”), create a special space of happy Arcadia – the noble world of Galicia, immersed in the manor’s courtyard. This courtyard becomes a limited space in which simple human happiness is possible, cherishing values that have been formed over dozens of generations who lived in it, nurturing noble virtues and culture. “Lifetime maintenance” changes the time-space of Fredro’s comedies, becomes a special upheaval of the aristocratic world, immersed in the dream world of the former Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, or to describe it more precisely, in the legends of the life of the Galician nobility.
THE AXIOLOGICAL AND ETHICAL DIMENSION OF WOJCIECH TOCHMAN’S LITERARY REPORTS «JAKBYŚ KAMIEŃ JADŁA» AND «DZISIAJ NARYSUJEMY ŚMIERĆ»
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, Ukraine, Nakhlik Olesya
Published: February 2024

Reportage is a genre on the borderline between non-fiction and fiction. Because of their inherent hybridity, which undoubtedly has a significant impact on their form and content, they often cross these boundaries, especially in recent decades. In these times of rapid and easy access to information, the understanding of the reporter’s work has also changed, and his role is now to relate the superficial, the everyday and the present to universal and human criteria. It is he who can and should organize man’s knowledge of the world by placing it against the background of universal moral judgements or social sensibilities. Awareness of the truth, of the reality of the events described, must speak deeply to the reader. Such principles of touching upon humanity’s innate empathy, shocking and forcing after reading the texts to answer the important ontological questions posed by the reporter, are characteristic of reporter’s prose by Wojciech Tochman. This article focuses on two collections of reportages, «Jakbyś kamień jadła» (“Like eating a stone. Surviving the Past in Bosnia”) and «Dzisiaj narysujemy śmierć» («We are Going to Draw Death”), which are linked by the exposure of the face of evil through the extraction of drastic experiences from the memories of witnesses, victims and killers. Through their testimonies, the Polish reporter reveals the macabre mechanics of genocide, while at the same time attempting to find answers as to how survivors can rebuild a destroyed world by soothing their psychological wounds. Tochman is constantly aware that his primary task is to present the facts, even if this involves revealing the shocking truth. The transformation of the notion of trust and the notion of social ties are vividly revealed in the texts. A separate point of reference in the thesis is the Ukrainian reception of the two collections of reportages, as the dynamics of their reception is a clear indicator of how interdependent are the reflections on the reading of the pain and suffering of those who survived the ethnic massacres in the Balkans or the Rwandan genocide massacre, the passivity towards the presented facts versus the absence of a similar experience.
Metabolic Muddle. MASLD and MASH on the Horizon
Authors: Meagher Timothy
Published: February 2024

NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) and NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis) are time-honored acronyms, with widely popular acceptance. Experts now recommend discarding them in favor of MASLD for “metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease” and MASH for “metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.” The reasons for this change are explored and an argument about why the change is confusing, is advanced. Should these acronyms become clinically popular, risk assessment manuals will require updates.
Breast Cancer: 20-Year Comparative Mortality and Survival Analysis by Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity, Stage, Grade, Disease Duration, Selected ICD-O-3 Oncophenotypes, and Cohort Entry Time-Period
Authors: Milano Anthony F.
Published: February 2024

Breast cancer remains the most common non-cutaneous malignancy in women in both Europe and the United States and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. In this breast cancer mortality and survival study, a US retrospective population-based analysis of 656,501 microscopically confirmed breast cancer cases, 1975-2019, data is derived from the NCI Surveillance Epidemiology & End Results Program, SEER*Stat 8.4.0.1.
O PROCESSO DE CO-INOVAÇÃO EM ECOSSISTEMAS DE INOVAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Leisianny Mayara Costa , Brito Mozar José de , Grützmann André
Published: February 2024

A Co-inovação tem surgido como novo paradigma relacionado à conjuntura aberta da inovação e os Ecossistemas de Inovação, por sua vez, têm atuado como ambientes inovadores junto a diversos atores, causas e atividades ligadas entre si. Ambos os conceitos têm fornecido elementos importantes para a geração de inovações. Porém, apesar dos estudos realizados, a ocorrência da Co-inovação em EIs na literatura ainda se encontra pouco compreendida no que diz respeito às características desse fenômeno principal. Sendo assim, este estudo buscou sintetizar os estudos primários referentes à Co-inovação e à atuação dos EIs, destacando a configuração desse processo mediante as duas perspectivas e os elementos de interseção dessa atuação. Para tanto, o cenário metodológico escolhido pautou-se em uma Metassíntese de estudos de caso qualitativos primários, conteúdos nas bases de dados Scopus, Web of Science e EBSCO. Como resultados principais, o estudo estabeleceu três redes causais mediante as Perspectivas da Co-inovação, do Ecossistema e a Central, englobando o desenvolvimento particular da prática co-inovadora, o contexto junto aos EIs e elementos que dialogam com ambas perspectivas a partir de uma atuação multilateral. Esta pesquisa teórica possui teorias e práticas, ao fortalecer a teoria e estabelecer redes causais com base no que já foi publicado, ao tempo em que contribui para melhorar a compreensão da atuação do processo de Co-inovação em EIs. englobando o desenvolvimento particular da prática coinovadora, o contexto junto aos EIs e elementos que dialogam com ambas perspectivas a partir de uma atuação multilateral. Esta pesquisa teórica possui teorias e práticas, ao fortalecer a teoria e estabelecer redes causais com base no que já foi publicado, ao tempo em que contribui para melhorar a compreensão da atuação do processo de Co-inovação em EIs. englobando o desenvolvimento particular da prática coinovadora, o contexto junto aos EIs e elementos que dialogam com ambas perspectivas a partir de uma atuação multilateral. Esta pesquisa teórica possui teorias e práticas, ao fortalecer a teoria e estabelecer redes causais com base no que já foi publicado, ao tempo em que contribui para melhorar a compreensão da atuação do processo de Co-inovação em EIs.
Методы работы с классом на уроках английского языка
Authors: Чотчаева М.К.
Published: February 2024

В современном образовательном процессе все большее внимание уделяется активным методам обучения, которые способствуют развитию коммуникативных навыков учащихся. При обучении английскому языку методы работы с классом играют важную роль в формировании навыков говорения, чтения, письма и аудирования. Важно учитывать то, с какими проблемами можно столкнуться при использовании этих методов и пути их решения, что, в свою очередь, поможет повысить эффективность всего учебного процесса.
Организация учебного процесса обучения иностранному языку с использованием аутентичных видеоматериалов
Authors: Шакирова Т.И. , Кастырина Н.А.
Published: February 2024

Данная статья посвящена обоснованию необходимости использования аутентичных видеоматериалов в процессе обучения иностранному языку на неязыковых направлениях подготовки и специальностях. Показана важность использования видеоматериалов для формирования навыков аудирования. Авторы приводят примеры аутентичных видеоресурсов и описывают варианты заданий для работы с ними.
Геймификация и виртуальная реальность в образовании английского языка
Authors: Шемилева М.С-А. , Сапарбиев А.Ш. , Зырянова С.А.
Published: February 2024

Тема представляет собой анализ применения геймификации и виртуальной реальности в обучении английскому языку. Работы исследователей изучают принципы и практику использования игровых элементов в образовании, а также влияние виртуальной реальности на эффективность изучения языка у студентов.
Фортепианное творчество Панчо Владигерова: разнообразие жанров и выразительных средств
Authors: Бобрина Д.С.
Published: February 2024

В статье обобщаются результаты исследования фортепианного творчества выдающегося болгарского композитора, пианиста, просветителя Панчо Владигерова.
Традиции и новации в современном китайском вокальном искусстве
Authors: Ляо Ю.
Published: February 2024

В статье обобщаются результаты исследования китайского вокального искусства, имеющего длительную историю развития, традиции подготовки профессиональных кадров и открытость к новациям, способствующим развитию популярного направления исполнительского искусства