bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the innovation policy implementation effectiveness through clustering: The Russian Federation regions case study
Authors: RUIGA Irina R. , KOVZUNOVA Evgeniya S. , KORPACHEVA Larisa N.
Published: February 2022

Subject. This article discusses the role of cluster analysis in assessing the effectiveness of regional innovation policy implementation.
Objectives. The article aims to develop a conceptual approach to assessment of the effectiveness of regional innovation policy implementation through clustering and test it considering the Russian Federation subjects.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of complex rate setting, integral estimation, and cluster analysis (tree-type clustering, k-means).
Results. The article proposes a stepwise algorithm for assessing the effectiveness of regional innovation policy implementation, taking into account the relevant methodological and mathematical apparatus.
Conclusions and Relevance. The developed algorithm helps create a consolidated model that characterizes the level of effectiveness of innovation policy implementation by the Russian Federation subjects in the context of cluster groups. Subject to improvement and adjustment depending on strategic priorities, the proposed tools can serve as a basis for decision-making on the development of mechanisms for implementing innovation policy at the regional level.
The role of social capital in the formation and development of entrepreneurial ecosystems of digital valleys
Authors: SAMUSENKO Svetlana A.
Published: February 2022

Subject. This article analyses the competitive opportunities of the business ecosystems of the digital valleys of the USA, Israel, India, and China.
Objectives. The article aims to identify and systematize the key characteristics of the business ecosystems of digital valleys from the standpoint of the network theory.
Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis.
Results. The article identifies horizontally- and vertically-integrated networks supported by government. The article describes the common characteristics of successful business ecosystems of digital valleys.
Conclusions. The article concludes that the key success factors of the best practices of digital valleys are the use of the regional peculiarities and advantages, scientific and financial potential, and the development of various institutions and business culture. The network characteristics of cohesion, diversity and fluidity are getting changed, and they depend on the institutional environment and public administration patterns.
Regional growth rates dependence on healthcare spending: Threshold regression estimation
Authors: KANEVA Mariya A. , UNTURA Galina A.
Published: February 2022

Subject. This article studies the impact of healthcare expenditures on economic development. Objectives. The article aims to conduct a panel analysis of the relationship between healthcare costs and the GRP per capita growth rates depending on the human capital level in the regions of Russia for the periods from 2005 to 2013 and 2008 to 2018. Methods. For the study, we used econometric modeling based on a fixed-effects threshold regression. Results. The article presents the results of the calculation of two threshold regression regimes (above and below the threshold) and determines the contribution of healthcare expenditures to the regional growth rates. Conclusions. Regions with maximum threshold values are characterized by a higher quality of medical care and up-to-date infrastructure. Under limited financial resources, a partial reallocation of health expenditures to other regions could contribute to improving the health of the population and the goods and services production ramping-up.
Comparative analysis of the characteristics of biodiesel and diesel fuels for the operation of marine engines
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Natalina A.A. , Cherkaev G.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2022

The article discusses the main characteristics and properties of biodiesel and diesel fuel, in order to identify the rationality of using biodiesel as an alternative to traditional fuel in marine engines.
Information and analytical review of foreign and Russian regulatory and legal requirements for floating nuclear power plants
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Polevova V.I. , Gerko A.G.K. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2022

The work is devoted to the information and analytical review of international and national legislation in order to identify the requirements for floating nuclear power plants. The review showed that at the present time the legal status of the floating nuclear power plant in the Russian and international legislation is not clearly formulated.
Prospects for biofuel production in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the development of navigation
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia, Sorokina E. , Cherkaev G.V. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
Published: February 2022

Currently, many types of renewable energy sources are known in the world. One of such energy sources is biological fuel, which can be produced from organic waste and waste products of organisms. The article discusses various types of biofuels and the prospect of their use in the Republic of Kazakhstan for the development of shipping.
Menarik Benang Merah Basis Pendidikan Islam Bermartabat
Authors: Dasopang Muhammad Darwis
Published: February 2022

Education means as a normative learning. Learning is to move situation of social relationship between educators and learner. Education is essential for improving the educational success itself. All the learning material which is delivered from religion, science, technology, arts, and culture becomes a sinergic and purposeful content in educational practice. This process becomes an effort in improving the quality of education to humaniza the learner who are responsible for themselves, family, community and nation.
Indonesia Dijajah Lebih dari 300 Tahun? Memahami Penjajahan Sebagai Proses Transformasi Struktural
Authors: Choiruzzad Shofwan Al Banna
Published: February 2022

Despite its public popularity, the claim that Indonesia was colonized by the Dutch for more than 300 years is now considered by historians as a historical myth, established as an instrument for nation-building. This article argues that rather than simply judging the claim as myth, we must understand it more comprehensively by employing the framework of International Political Economy, especially the approach which put the entanglements of Capitalism and Colonialism at the center of its analysis. By understanding Colonialism-Imperialism as a process (or a set of processes) of structural transformation, this article contends that the claim that Indonesia had been colonized by the Dutch for more than 300 years has its own merit and must be further explored.
Liberalización de los servicios de alta velocidad ferroviaria en España: el proceso de apertura del mercado a la competencia
Authors: Lerida-Navarro Carlos , Nombela Gustavo
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la apertura a la competencia en España de los trenes de pasajeros de alta velocidad. Formalmente, la liberalización ferroviaria culminó en 2020 con la firma de contratos-marco con tres operadores (Renfe y dos nuevos entrantes), si bien la pandemia sanitaria ha retrasado todas las fechas planeadas y ha introducido mucha incertidumbre sobre cómo evolucionará este mercado. Tras realizar un análisis completo de la movilidad en los  corredores licitados, el principal reto que identificamos es que la nueva oferta prevista parece muy ambiciosa, incluso para la demanda anterior al COVID-19. Si se añaden además los probables cambios en la movilidad post-pandemia, nuestra principal conclusión es que a medio plazo un equilibrio con tres operadores ferroviarios ofertando alta velocidad en España parece altamente inestable.
Peculiarities of classification of purchasing, storage, transportation and processing of timber known to be illegally harvested, for the purpose of illegal sale (article 191.1 of the Criminal Code of Russia)
Authors: Ayupova Gul'naz Shamilovna
Published: February 2022

The research object is social relations in the field of legal regulation of the composition of a crime carrying responsibility for purchasing, storage, transportation, processing for the purpose of illegal sale, and illegal sale of timber known to be illegally harvested, according to the article 191.1 of the Criminal Code of Russia. The research subject is Russia’s legislation imposing responsibility for the sales of illegally harvested timber, the materials of judicial practice, and theoretical views of scholars. The research methodology is based on the general dialectical method. The author also uses such research methods as logical, formal-legal, and teleological ones. The research is based on both general scientific and specific methods of scientific cognition. The purpose of the research is to formulate the proposals about the improvement of the practice of application of the article 191.1 of the Criminal Code of Russia. The scientific novelty of the research is determined by the fact that it contains theoretical provisions about the improvement and application of the article 191.1 of the Criminal Code. Particularly, the author describes the contents of particular constituent elements of this offence, including the evaluative and blanket ones, and formulates the proposals about the classification of crimes described in the article 191.1 of the Criminal Code. The author arrives at the conclusion that a crime, described in the article 191.1, is a new form of involvement in a crime, and the predicate deed is illegal harvesting of timber (article 260 of the Criminal Code, part 1 and 2 of article 8.28 of the Administrative Offences Code).   
Pentingnya metodologi penelitian dalam pastoral berbasis data di keuskupan Surabaya
Authors: Suwito Yohanes Benny , Hermanto Yustinus Budi , Susanti Christina Esti , Ferdinan Bernadus Aris
Published: February 2022

The background of the community service program is to provide awareness for young priests in the Surabaya Diocese about the importance of data. Data is an important thing that can be used as a basis for decision making. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an understanding of a data and how to read the data. The methods used in this community service are 1) teaching about research methodology, and 2) training in data processing and reading data using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The result of this community service program is that young priests in the Surabaya Diocese become more aware, understand, and can make decisions based on data so that they are able to carry out data-based parish services.
Aplikasi Ekstrak Daun Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten) Steenis) dalam Air Minum terhadap Kualitas Karkas Ayam Jawa Super
Authors: Affandi T , Candra A A , Irwani N
Published: February 2022

This research aims to identify how much the benefits of binahong leaf extract as a feed additive to the quality of super java chicken carcasses. This research was conducted in the Cage and Laboratory of Lampung State Polytechnic Livestock Department. The material used in this study was 100 super Java chicken day old chick (DOC) that was placed in a stage cage with a size of 100 cm x 100 cm and a height of 60 cm per plot. The research design used a complete random design with 5 treatments and 3 replays. P1: without treatment; P2: binahong leaf extract 250 mg/kg body weight; P3: binahong leaf extract 500 mg/kg body weight; P4: binahong leaf extract 750 mg/kg body weight and P5: binahong leaf extract 1.000 mg/kg body weight. The results of the variety analysis showed that the use of binahong leaf extract on carcass quality had affect (P>0.05) on the life weight and weight of carcasses, but did not affect the percentage of carcasses, the percentage of cooking shrink and the pH of meat, doses 1.000 mg/kg of body weight showed the best results on live weight and carcass weight of the super java chicken.
Produktivitas Broiler yang Diberikan Infusa Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya L.)
Authors: Rylian A K , Irwani N , Sukaryana Y
Published: February 2022

One of the efforts to improve broiler productivity is to use natural ingredients, one of which is papaya leaves. Papaya leaves contain substances such as saponins, flavonoids, which can help productivity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of papaya leaf infusion on broiler productivity. Place of research in the Lampung State Polytechnic enclosure. Experimental research by comparing two treatments. The treatment is applied through drinking water at a dose of 25 ml / liter. Consisting of control P0 and treatment P1, each plot contains 50 chickens. The variables observed were ration consumption, body weight gain, ration conversion, it can be concluded from the results of the research that giving papaya leaf infusion (Carica Papaya L.) at a dose of 25 ml / liter in broiler drinking water affected the productivity of broiler
Axillary hyperhidrosis: An update
Authors: De Punam , Das Anupam , Sengupta Sujata
Published: February 2022

Axillary hyperhidrosis results from excessive sweat production in the armpits. It adversely impacts a patient’s quality of life. In this update, we attempt to discuss the basics, pathophysiology, and the management of axillary hyperhidrosis.
DETERMINATION OF BALANCE OF DIETS
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Kuzmin Oleg , Stukalska Nataliia ,   National University of Food Technologies, Labenska Nataliia ,   National University of Food Technologies, Derysh Andrii ,   National University of Food Technologies, Berladyn Pavlina ,   National University of Food Technologies, Hrushevska Iryna ,   Scientist
Published: February 2022

The methodology for assessing the quality of diets in restaurants is considered.
BUSINESS OMBUDSMAN INSTITUTE - A TOOL PROTECTION OF RIGHTS AND INTERESTS OF BUSINESS ENTERPRISES
Authors:   National University of Pharmacy, Koliada Tetiana , Svitlychna Karina ,   National University of Pharmacy, Mytrovych Oksana ,   National University of Pharmacy
Published: February 2022

The article describes the state of legal regulation of the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of business entities. The genesis and evolution of the institution Council of the Business Ombudsman in Ukraine are characterized. The authors analyzed the status of the Business Ombudsman Council and characterized the Memoranda signed by it and their purpose. To date, Memorandums have been signed with the Prosecutor General's Office, the State Customs Service, the State Tax Service, the Security Service of Ukraine, the National Police, the National Corruption Prevention Agency, the Kyiv City State Administration, the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, the Ministry of Justice and others. The composition of the Business Ombudsman Council is characterized, it is noted that only professionals with the highest qualifications and work experience are included in the composition. The person who heads the Business Ombudsman Council is characterized and the features of her appointment to the position are considered. The authors carried out a significant analysis of the composition of complaints that are submitted to the Business Ombudsman Council according to various criteria, namely: by years, by regions, by areas of activity, by origin of capital, by the size of business entities. It was noted that complaints are considered in a timely manner in compliance with the Rules of the Business Ombudsman Council and according to the relevant procedure, which consists of three stages. The deadlines for handling complaints are minimal. Existing cases of refusals to accept complaints for consideration are analyzed. Such cases include: missed the deadline, anonymous complaints, repeated complaints, and also if the possibility of an administrative appeal was not used for this case or a court or arbitration decision has already been made. The fact of an increase in the number of complaints was stated, which is associated with the awareness of business representatives, as well as an increase in confidence in the institution of the Business Ombudsman Council. It is proposed to determine the status of the Business Ombudsman Council at the legislative level by developing and adopting a special law.
POSSIBILITIES OF APPLYING THE CLUSTER APPROACH TO THE ORGANIZATION OF MULTIMODAL TRANSPORTATION
Authors:   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Petrenko Olha , Shkurko Yelizaveta ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technology, Potapovska Maryna ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technology
Published: February 2022

In the article, the authors analyzed the scientific achievements of Ukrainian and foreign scientists in determining the main organizational aspects of multimodal transportation. The concept of «multimodal transportation», its main features, the process of organization and technology of multimodal transportation are studied. In the course of the research it was determined that multimodal transportation is the main trend in the development of transport services both at the global and national levels; the main participants in the implementation of multimodal transportation are indicated. The advantages and disadvantages of using multimodal transportation technology were highlighted. One of the important tasks of modernization of the transport system of Ukraine is the ability to ensure coordinated operation of all modes of transport. The combination of sea and rail transport is especially promising in Ukraine in the implementation of multimodal transport. The tasks of integrated development of transport, warehousing, terminal infrastructure, customs, cargo insurance system and their information support, the interconnection of all these components for coordinated work can be most effectively solved in multimodal transport hubs or transport and logistics centers. Multimodal transport hubs are able to ensure the operation of transport in accordance with the requirements of world standards. This will help attract additional cargo, increase budget revenues, position Ukraine in the world as a major transport power. The authors also analyzed the world practice of creating port clusters with a combination of port and railway infrastructure. It is noted that the port cluster is a concentration of logistics activities, commercial centers, information and transport hubs. The authors identified the advantages and substantiated the possibilities of applying the cluster approach, in particular the creation of a port cluster, in the implementation of multimodal transportation using a combination of sea and rail transport in Ukraine.
DІGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN BUSINESS IN THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPMENT THE INDUSTRY 4.0 IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Kyiv International University, Mohylevska Olga , Slobodianyk Anna ,   National Aviation University
Published: February 2022

The article examines Digital Technologies in Entrepreneurship in the Context of Industry 4.0 Development in Ukraine. The authors stressed the important role in the development of Ukraine's economy, which belongs to the innovative approach in the activities of enterprises and their management. After all, only with the help of an innovative component, which will include the introduction of the latest equipment, digital marketing, digital management, really solve production, resource and technological problems that arise in the activities of enterprises and increase their competitiveness. It has been proven that the material world integrates with virtual reality, which leads to the creation of new cyberphysical structures that are integrated into a single digital environment. The authors emphasized that the integration of IoT solutions is a promising place for the use of blockchain in enterprises. Therefore, there are a large number of "smart" products and devices that are networked and connected to cloud devices. Manufacturing Resources Planning (MRP II) is the first and second generation of tools that allow companies to better manage their production systems by distributing materials and scheduling production. will reduce resource consumption, reduce transportation costs and inventory. The use of such blockchain technologies will make it possible to identify problems in the chain of logistics of production processes by combining different functional structures in a single digital space. The authors emphasize that digital platforms are beneficial to all participants in the business process and allow the implementation of new models of service use.
THE ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF TOURISM, HOTEL AND RESTAURANT BUSINESS AT THE FORMATION OF BIOECONOMY
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, Yavorska Oksana
Published: February 2022

The article considers the aspects of environmental management of the tourism, hotel and restaurant industries at the formation of the bioeconomy. Economic and social growth today is possible with the introduction of significant breakthrough innovations at the technological level to support these sectors and improve the mechanisms of the state environmental management system, taking into account the features of eco-oriented management of hospitality industry enterprises. In foreign literature, the concept of “bioeconomics” has been reflected the connection of modern biotechnologies with the economy, and we identify it with the most investment and commercially attractive segment of the global economic space. It has been established that the further development of the tourism, hotel and restaurant industries during the period of establishment of the bioeconomy is enhanced due to constant investments in science and biotechnology; accordingly, innovations are the main creators of competitive services in the hospitality industry. The environmental management of enterprises in the hotel and restaurant industry and the tourism industry is an important element of the national and European environmental management system, which ensures the formation of a favorable economic space based on bioeconomy. The conceptual provisions of the environmental management of enterprises in the tourism, hotel and restaurant industries in accordance with the basic postulates and principles of modern bioeconomics are under consideration, as well as in the process of developing programs for the development of the hospitality industry, taking into account biotechnological innovations and, accordingly, the formation of an investmentfriendly image of the enterprises of the tourism, hotel and restaurant industries.
LEGAL REGULATION OF SMART CONTRACTS IN THE AGE OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Odessa National Economic University, Starchenko Anton
Published: February 2022

The article considers the legal framework for the use of smart contracts in Ukraine to assess the prospects for their use in contract law in the context of the digital transformation of the economy. A study of scientific views on the legal nature of a smart contract is presented. The features of blockchain technology, which predetermine the features of smart contracts and the specifics of their application, are considered. The definition of the place of a smart contract in the system of contracts is proposed. The analysis of Ukrainian and foreign legislation in the field of application of digital technologies and smart contracts in the economy was carried out. It has been determined that smart contracts are currently not regulated in the current legislation of Ukraine. Legislation regulating relations related to the use of information technology is just beginning to take shape. It is noted that the lack of internationally coordinated efforts to recognize the legitimacy of smart contracts can be a serious problem. It is concluded that a smart contract is an agreement that can be automated and enforced. This analysis will lead to a critical examination of whether the functionality of traditional contracts has been superseded by the emergence of smart contracts. It is noted that a smart contract is a combination of technological and legal aspects. As a result of the study, problems were identified, the solution of which at the legislative level will allow the introduction of smart contracts in various areas of economic activity. An important characteristic of these contracts is emphasized - automaticity and the possibility of enforcement. The imperfection of legal instruments for regulating the conclusion and execution of smart contracts is noted. It is concluded that a smart contract, taking into account its features, is a contractual structure and that the successful development of smart contracts requires legislative consolidation of the legal status of smart contracts, the parties to smart contracts, the procedure for organizing the protection of the interests of each side of the smart contract.
THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE ACTIVITY AND FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO-ORGANISMS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Synytsia Mariia
Published: February 2022

Many factors are known to influence the development of microorganisms, such as progress in plant and animal husbandry and industrialization in cities, but this article will consider climate change as a factor in the development and activity of microorganisms.
EXPENDITURE OF OPENING THE AGRICULTURAL LAND MARKET IN THE CONDITIONS OF UNSTABLE POLITICAL SITUATION IN UKRAINE
Authors:   Kherson National Technical University, Pliushch Ruslan , Filippova Viktoriia ,   Kherson National Technical University, Pronina Oksana ,   Kherson National Technical University
Published: February 2022

The article considers the first consequences of opening the market of agricultural lands in Ukraine. And also to what extent the political situation in Ukraine affects the success of land reform. Despite the fact that Ukrainian land reforms are still ongoing, on July 1, 2021, an important milestone was reached: the partial launch of the market for the sale of agricultural land for individuals. The reform process was complex and involved an active public debate between various stakeholders on market mechanisms and forecasts. The basic principles of functioning and development of the market of agricultural land in Ukraine are determined. The intermediate stages of land reform, which became the impetus for the introduction of the land market, have been identified. The current information of the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food on the land market in Ukraine as of 31.12.2021 is presented. The main problems faced by small and medium-sized farmers in bidding with large agricultural producers have been identified. If the state does not support small and medium farmers, we can assume that the open market of agricultural land in our country was premature. Due to the lack of a transparent and evidence-based policy on this important topic, this discussion was prompted by several fundamental societal fears about the consequences of launching a market. As a result, after the launch of the market for the sale of land, it is necessary to assess whether public concerns have any basis in the current development of the market.
Cooperation strategies between public and social economyorganisations
Authors: Combes-Joret Monique , Lethielleux Laëtitia , Reimat Anne
Published: February 2022

This chapter questions the conditions required for sustainable cooperation between public and social economy organisations. First, it reviews the literature to identify the ideal type of sustainable cooperation, i.e. preserving the identity of social economy organisations and allowing a consensus regarding objectives, decisions, and the implementation of public policies. Secondly, we apply this framework to three case studies, the relationships between the French Red Cross and the State; between a social employers’ organisation and the local authorities; and finally, between the local authorities and non-profit organisations to which they addressed a call for expression of interest. In the first case, the cooperation, based on a partnership, enables the coconstruction of public policy. In the second case, the cooperation also appears founded on a partnership, but is oriented toward complementarity rather than coconstruction. In the third case, the cooperation based on contracting, leaves less room for the preservation of the non-profit organisations’ identity. The case studies reveal both the difficulties of cooperation, and some conditions for sustainable cooperation. These conditions include the strength of the social economy organisations’ identity, and its ability to influence the relationship towards exchange and co-construction.
Accountability, anti-corruption and transparency policies in Public-Owned Enterprises (POEs) in Albania
Authors: Mehmetaj Nevila
Published: February 2022

Public-Owned Enterprises (POEs) are generally large economic enterprises owned and governed by state institutions. POEs generally are the sole or the main provider of the key public goods and services as water, electricity, transport, telecommunications, and postal services. If administered efficiently, the POEs are important for national development and perspective of natural economic resources. The concern is how accurately these monopolistic enterprises are organized in aspects of administrative and managerial perspectives to function as effectively as possible for the objectives they are created. Therefore an overall summary of the public-owned enterprises is presented through their process of emerging, privatization, and evolution in Albania, southeast Europe. The process was accompanied by shortcomings due to its ad-hoc nature; and associated with negative effects of bad management, governance corruption, and low efficiency of the operational activities and results.
The case of Italy
Authors: Zatti Andrea
Published: February 2022

The third Chapter depicts the interconnections between the two themes (bribery and anti-corruption policies, on the one hand, and the role of public controlled entities, on the other) in the Italian case. Italy turns out to be an interesting case study because, on the one hand, it is among the worst performing countries in the G7 and the EU members in terms of corruption and, on the other, it has experienced a strongly proliferation of Public Owned Enterprises (POEs) during the last two or three decades, involving nearly all activity sectors of the economy. This process is deemed to have weakened the chain of control on shared units, delegating relevant financial and political decisions to a milieu of ambiguity and uncertain accountability (the ‘escape’ argument). A progressive change of direction occurred more recently, when corporatized public enterprises have been submitted to specific and increasing limits, including transparency and anti-corruption policies. The anticorruption package, adopted in Italy starting with 2012, has promoted important steps in this direction, yet the effects of these new measures have not been resolutive, and many challenges are still open.
Multitarget, Selective Compound Design Yields Potent Inhibitors of a Kinetoplastid Pteridine Reductase 1
Authors: Poehner Ina , Quotadamo Antonio , Panecka-Hofman Joanna , Luciani Rosaria , Santucci Matteo , Linciano Pasquale , Landi Giacomo , Pisa Flavio Di , Iacono Lucia Dello , Pozzi Cecilia , Mangani Stefano , Gul Sheraz , Witt Gesa , Ellinger Bernhard , Kuzikov Maria , Santarem Nuno , Cordeiro-da-Silva Anabela , Costi Maria Paola , Venturelli Alberto , Wade Rebecca
Published: February 2022

The optimization of compounds with multiple targets is a difficult multidimensional problem in the drug discovery cycle. Here, we present a systematic, multidisciplinary approach to the development of selective anti-parasitic compounds. Computational fragment-based design of novel pteridine derivatives along with iterations of crystallographic structure determination allowed for the derivation of a structure-activity relationship for multitarget inhibition. The approach yielded compounds showing subnanomolar inhibition of T. brucei pteridine reductase 1 (PTR1), nanomolar inhibition of L. major PTR1, and selective submicromolar inhibition of parasite dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) versus human DHFR. Moreover, by combining design for polypharmacology with a property-based on-parasite optimization, we found three compounds that exhibited micromolar EC50 values against T. brucei brucei, whilst retaining their target inhibition. Our results provide a basis for the further development of pteridine-based compounds, and we expect our multitarget approach to be generally applicable to the design and optimization of anti-infective agents.
Solute effects on dynamics and deformation of emulsion droplets during freezing
Authors: Tyagi Sidhanth , Monteux Cécile , Deville Sylvain
Published: February 2022

Soft or rigid particles, suspended in a liquid melt, interact with an advancing solidification front in various industrial and natural processes, such as fabrication of particle-reinforced-composites, growth of crystals, cryopreservation, frost heave, and growth of sea ice. The particle dynamics relative to the front determine the microstructure as well as the functional properties of the solidified material. The previous studies have extensively investigated the interaction of foreign objects with a moving solid-liquid interface in pure melts while in most real-life systems, solutes or surface active impurities are almost always present. Here we study experimentally the interaction of spherical oil droplets with a moving planar ice-water interface, while systematically increasing the surfactant concentration in the bulk liquid, using \emph{in situ} cryo-confocal microscopy. We demonstrate that a small amount of surfactant in the bulk liquid can instigate long-range droplet repulsion, extending over a length scale of 40 to 100µm, in contrast to the short-range predicted previously (<1µm). We report on the droplet deformation, while they are in contact with the ice-water interface, as a function of the bulk surfactant concentration, the droplet size, and the crystal growth rate. We also depict the dynamic evolution of solute-enriched premelted films (~5µm). Our results demonstrate how an increasing concentration of surfactant in the bulk and its subsequent segregation during solidification can dramatically alter the solidification microstructures. We anticipate that our experimental study can serve for the development of theoretical models incorporating solute effects.
Flexible organic crystals. Understanding the tractable co-existence of elastic and plastic bending
Authors: VARUGHESE, PhD SUNIL , Woźniak Krzysztof , Divya Indira S. , Saravanan Kandasamy
Published: February 2022

As an emerging class of ﬂexible materials, mechanically bendable molecular crystals are broadly classified as either elastic or plastic. Nevertheless, flexible organic crystals having elasticity and plasticity coexisting under different stress settings are exceptional; hence, it is imperative to establish the concurring factors that beget this rare occurrence. We report a series of halogen-substituted benzil crystals showing elastic bending (within ~ 2.45% strain), followed by elastoplastic deformation at ambient conditions. At higher stress settings, they display exceptional plastic flexibility that one could bend, twist, or even coil them around a capillary tube. Structural, computational, and microscopy studies reveal the microscopic and macroscopic basis for the exciting coexistence of elastic, elastoplastic, and plastic properties in the crystals. The isotropic distribution of weak interactions and the dispersive interactions that stitch the interlayer region enables the system to adopt partial molecular movements, restoring the original state within the elastic strain. The novel polymorph of F-derivative (BZF) shows exceptional mechanical deformation characteristics vis-à-vis the brittle nature of the known form (BZF_O). Comparative studies with oxalate compounds, wherein the twisted diketo moiety in benzil replaced with a rigid and coplanar central oxalate moiety, enabled us to understand the effect of the anisotropic factor in the crystal packing induced by the C=O···C tetral interactions. The enhanced anisotropy reduced the elastic regime, making the oxalate crystals more prone to plastic deformation. The work highlights the possible coexistence of orthogonal mechanical characteristics in molecular crystals and further construed the concurrent effect of the microscopic and macroscopic elements in attaining this exceptional mechanical trait.
Nilai sangkan paraning dumadi dalam novel Khotbah di Atas Bukit karya Kuntowijoyo
Authors: Sari Silvia Indah , Haryadi Haryadi
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini  dilatarbelakangi oleh dugaan adanya nilai sangkan paraning dumadi dalam karya Kuntowijoyo, khususnya dalam novel Khotbah di Atas Bukit. iTujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan nilai  sangkan  paraning  dumadi  yang  terdapat dalam novel Khotbah Di Atas Bukit karya Kuntowijoyo. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode baca dan catat. Metode pembacaan menggunakan close reading. Penelitian ini dikategorikan penelitian kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah novel Khotbah di Atas Bukit memuat nilai sangkan paraning dumadi yang meliputi syariat, hakikat, tarekat, dan makrifat
Usulan Program Peningkatan Kualitas Pelayanan Berbasis Persepsi Pelanggan Di Apotek "ATING III" Dayeuh Kolot, Bandung
Authors: Zaenal Muttaqien  , Tajudin Irwan
Published: February 2022

Kualitas pelayanan merupakan perbedaan antara harapan dengan kinerja pelayanan yang dirasakan oleh pelanggan (Model Gap). Salah satu pendekatan pengukuran kualitas pelayanan yang banyak dijadikan acuan dalam riset pasar adalah Metode Servgual (Service Quality) yang dikembangkan oleh Zeithaml, Parasuraman dan Berry (1990). Metode Servgual mengidentifikasi 5 dimensi sebagai faktor yang dipertimbangkan oleh pelanggan dalam menilai kualitas suatu jasa/pelayanan, yaitu: Reliability, Tangibility, Responsiveness, Assurance dan Emphaty.

Apotek â€œAting IIIâ€ merupakan salah satu cabang Apotek Ating yang mempunyai persentase keuntungan paling kecil dibandingkan dengan cabang lainnya. Persentase laba yang diperoleh apotek â€œAting IIIâ€ dari laba keseluruhan apotek Ating pada tahun 2002 adalah sebesar 4,12% dan pada tahun 2003 sebesar 3,73%. Dari data tersebut dapat terlihat bahwa laba yang diperoleh menandakan adanya penurunan kinerja yang dimiliki oleh apotek â€œAting IIIâ€. Salah satu faktor yang dipertimbangkan dalam usaha peningkatan kinerja apotek â€œAting IIIâ€ adalah faktor pelayanan.

Dari penelitian yang dilakukan di apotek â€œAting IIIâ€ mengenai kualitas pelayanan terhadap pelanggannya, diperoleh nilai total Servgual sebesar -0,81. Hal ini menunjukan bahwa kualitas pelayanan yang dilakukan oleh apotek â€œAting IIIâ€ relatif belum memuaskan.
Türkçe Sözlük’te at- fiiliyle kurulan anlamca kaynaşmış ve deyimleşmiş birleşik fiiller
Authors: GEN KAYA Sıla
Published: February 2022

Bir isim unsuru ve at- fiiliyle kurulan birleşik fiiller bu çalışmanın konusunu oluşturmaktadır. Bu fiil ile oluşturulan birleşikler Korkmaz’ın ifadesiyle “anlamca kaynaşmış ve deyimleşmiş” olarak adlandırılmaktadır (Korkmaz, 1998, s. 5; 2007a, s. 46-47; 2007b, s. 153). Çalışmada, birleşik fiil ve yardımcı fiile ilişkin çeşitli görüşler aktarılmış; at- fiiliyle kurulan anlamca kaynaşmış ve deyimleşmiş birleşik fiillerin Türkçe Sözlük’te (2011) yer alan tanımları ile birlikte bir dökümü verilmiş; söz konusu birleşikler isim unsurunun kökeni ve fiil-tamlayıcı ilişkisi bakımından incelenmiş ve sayısal veriler ışığında değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın örneklemini Türkçe Sözlük’te (2011) at- fiili ile kurulan anlamca kaynaşmış ve deyimleşmiş birleşik fiiller oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aşamasında Türkçe Sözlük (2011) taranarak bu fiille kurulmuş olan anlamca kaynaşmış ve deyimleşmiş birleşik fiiller derlenmiştir. At- fiili ile kurulan birleşiklerde kullanılan yabancı unsurların yoğunluğu hakkında fikir vermesi amacıyla söz konusu birleşik fiiller isim unsurunun kökeni açısından değerlendirilmiştir. At- fiili, Türkiye Türkçesinde kullanılan çok anlamlı fiillerden biridir. Fiillerin çok anlamlılık kazanmasında etkili olan nedenlerden biri fiillerin istemi yani tamlayıcılarıdır (Doğan, 2011, s. 94-107). At- fiilinin birlikte kullanıldığı tamlayıcıyla olan ilişkilerinin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamak amacıyla fiil-tamlayıcı ilişkisi üzerinde durulmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, at- fiili ile kurulan anlamca kaynaşmış ve deyimleşmiş birleşik fiillerin dökümünü yaparak söz konusu birleşikleri isim unsurunun kökeni ve fiil-tamlayıcı ilişkisi yönünden incelemek, bu fiilin ve isim unsurlarının birleşik yapılar içerisindeki isteme dayalı anlamsal ve söz dizimsel kullanım özelliklerini yansıtmaktır.
Mehmet Akif’in çocuk, aile ve toplum eğitimine dair görüş ve önerileri
Authors: DEMİR İsmail
Published: February 2022

Mehmet Akif Ersoy, inandığını yaşayan ve değerlerinden asla vazgeçmeyen aydın bir kişiliktir. Özellikle eğitim ve öğretim konularında toplumda önder rolüyle ön plana çıkmıştır. Mehmet Akif, yazdığı birçok eserinde toplumun doğru eğitilmesi hususunda belli başlı görüşlerini yansıtmaktadır. Bu görüşlerini, eğitim sistemimizin tüm yönleriyle ele alınması, çağa uygun şekilde geliştirilmesi ve düzenlenmesi etrafında şekillendirmeye çalışmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada şairin çocuk, aile ve toplum eğitimindeki görüş ve önerileri ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Çalışmanın önemli görülen diğer bir yönü ise, Mehmet Akif’in eğitim anlayışından yola çıkarak bu açıdan günümüze ışık tutacak eğitim düşüncelerini ortaya koymaktır. Yöntem açısından konu ile bağlantılı görülen birçok yazılı ve sözlü kaynak araştırılmış ve kazanılan bilgiler bağlamında Mehmet Akif’in eğitim hakkındaki görüşleri yorumlanarak anlamlandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Aynı zamanda bugün toplumun yaygın ve örgün eğitimden daha etkin bir şekilde faydalanabilmesi için Mehmet Akif Ersoy’un eğitim konusundaki görüşlerinin dikkate alması, araştırmanın sonuçlarına bağlı olarak geliştirilen önemli öneriler arasında görülebilir.
Ziya Paşa’nın Terci-i Bend’inde tasavvuf meseleleri
Authors: ÇAPAN ÖZDEMİR Funda
Published: February 2022

Ziya Paşa’nın Terci-i bend’i, hem kendi dünya görüşü hem de İslâm âleminin hayat anlayışını ifade etmesi bakımından dikkate değerdir. 1829 doğumlu Ziya Paşa, iyi bir eğitim alır ve Sadaret Mektubi Kalemi’nde çalışmaya başlar. Encümen-i Şuara mensupları, dönemin tanınmış şair ve edebiyatçıları ile tanışarak, klasik edebiyat kültürünü geliştirir. Mustafa Reşit Paşa’nın önayak olmasıyla sarayda kâtip olarak çalışır. Âli Paşa ile anlaşmazlıkları büyüyünce, İstanbul’dan uzaklaştırılır. V. Murat’ın tahta geçmesiyle de Maarif müsteşarlığına atanır; II. Abdülhamit’in padişah olmasıyla da Kanun-ı Esasi Encümeni’nde çalışır ve Adana’ya vali olur. İkbal ve idbâr merhaleleri arasında geçen siyasî gelgitlerle dolu hayat tecrübeleri edinen Ziya Paşa, Terci-i bend’inde kendi “ben” duygusunun yanı sıra tasavvuf meselelerine dair bilgileri ve görüşleri konu edinir. Tanrı’nın mutlak egemenliği, insan ruhu, adalet fikri, zalim-mazlum tezatlığı, akıl, irade, ibret alma fikri gibi metafizik konularındaki hissiyatını ve fikirlerini işler. Terci-i bend’inde konu ettiği tasavvuf meseleleri, İslâm âleminin hayat anlayışını ve şark felsefesinin bazı zihniyet meselelerini, konu etmesi bakımından dikkate değerdir. Tasavvuf inancı, zaman içinde toplumun duygu ve düşünce sınırlarını geniş ölçüde etkileyerek, dinî-tasavvufî terimler yoluyla da dilimizi zenginleştirmiştir. Tasavvuf anlayışı ve terimleri, insanı sevgi ve umut merkezine koyan düşünce tarzı; Yaratan’ı, insanı, dünyayı ve kâinatı tefekküre geniş bir imkân sağlar. Bu bağlamda Kur’ân-ı Kerîm ve hadis-i şerifler, menkıbelerle tasavvufî anlayış, Türk edebiyatını da yoğurarak, bu edebiyata insanî ve fikrî bir yön vererek, kaynaklık etmiştir. Çalışmamızda, tasavvufî anlayışı ve bu anlayışın terminolojisini bilen Ziya Paşa’nın Terci-i bend’inde geçen tasavvuf bilgilerini ve terimlerini tematik bir inceleme konusu yaptık.
‘Lilith’ figürü üzerinden mitoloji ve dinlerdeki kadın algısına feminist perspektiften bakış
Authors: YETER Selin Cansu , ÖZCAN Kemal
Published: February 2022

Erkeğin kadına tahakkümünü içeren ataerkil ideoloji, kendi lehine işleyecek şekilde tarihe yön veren güçlü bir etkiye sahiptir. Tarihsel süreç içinde yaşanan olaylara ve toplumlara yerleşen eril zihniyet mitolojik anlatılarda ve dinsel metinlerde de etkisini hissettirmektedir. Kadının ve erkeğin toplumsal yaşamdaki yerini belirlemede etkili olan dini-mitolojik anlatı ve öğretiler, kadınların bugünkü konumunu anlamada önemli ipuçlarını oluşturmaktadır. Yaratılıştan bu yana var olduğu düşünülen Lilith efsanesi, tarihsel süreçte toplumların kadına bakışını anlamada önemli bir figür olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada; feminist perspektiften, kemikleşen ataerkil ideolojik sistemin mitolojide ve dinlerdeki kadın algısını nasıl etkilediğine değinilecektir. Bununla birlikte bir kadın arketipi olarak Lilith’in tarihsel süreçteki konumu üzerinden ataerkil toplumların kadına yönelik algısı incelenecektir.
Ahmed Paşa ve Ahmed-i Rıdvân’ın “la’l” redifli kasidelerinin mukayesesi
Authors: ÇETİN Kamile
Published: February 2022

Klâsik dönem Türk şairleri, şiirlerinde birçok malzemeyi farklı tasavvurlarla söz konusu etmişlerdir. Bir kısım unsurları ise, değişik nazım şekillerinde redif olarak seçmişlerdir. Redif sözcükleri, manalarına, ses değerlerine, renk, şekil, koku ilgilerine göre, şiirlerde türlü çağrışımlara zemin hazırlamışlardır. Şairler, birçok başka unsurun yanında bir kısım objelere de rediflerde yer vermişlerdir. Renkleriyle, parlaklıklarıyla dikkati çeken bazı değerli taşlar, beyit düzeyinde ele alınmalarının yanında, redif olarak kullanılmışlardır. Bu bağlamda, firuze, lâl, mercan, yakut gibi değerli taşlar, başta teşbih olmak üzere, farklı edebî sanatlara konu edilmişlerdir. Esasen başka renkleri de bulunmakla birlikte, daha ziyade kırmızı rengiyle ön plana çıkan lâl, şairlerin kayıtsız kalmadığı kıymetli taşlardandır. XV. yüzyıl şairlerinden Ahmed Paşa’nın Fatih Sultan Mehmed ve XVI. asır şairlerinden Ahmed-i Rıdvân’ın Sultân II. Bâyezid için yazdıkları “la’l” redifli kasideleri vardır. Kasidelerden ilki elli dokuz, ikincisi yirmi beş beyittir. “mef’ûlü fâ’ilâtü mefâ’îlü fâ’ilün” kalıbıyla yazılan şiirlerin redif ortaklığı yanında kafiyeleri de ortaktır. Bu bakımdan, Ahmed Paşa’nın şiiri zemin/model şiir, Ahmed-i Rıdvân’ın kasidesi ise, ona yazılmış bir naziredir. Her iki manzumede, klâsik kaside bölümleri olan nesib, medhiye, fahriye bölümleri vardır. Ahmed Paşa’nın kasidesinde dua bölümü bulunurken Ahmed-i Rıdvân’ın şiirinde dua bölümü yoktur. Makalede, “la’l” redifli kasideler; nazire, mazmun ortaklığı, redif kullanımı ve “la’l” kelimesinin tedaileri bakımından mukayeseli olarak değerlendirilecektir.