bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inteligencia empresarial en la captura de concha prieta, su incidencia en la toma de decisiones
Authors: Orozco Arias Deyanira Alexandra , Garzón Montealegre Víctor Javier , Carvajal Romero Héctor , Espinosa Aguilar Marcos Antonio
Published: September 2022

En el presente trabajo, se desprende el objetivo indagar la influencia de la inteligencia empresarial sobre la toma de decisiones en la producción de molusco Bivalvo “Concha Prieta” (A. tuberculosa). Uno de los moluscos bivalvo de mayor extracción de los bosques de manglares es la concha prieta (Anadara tuberculosa). En Ecuador se encuentra distribuida en las provincias de Esmeraldas y El Oro. Este recurso ha sido culturalmente y económicamente importante en las comunidades del archipiélago de Jambelí, y en toda la costa del Pacífico de América Latina. Una herramienta que ha sido muy utilizada durante las últimas décadas es la inteligencia empresarial, la misma permite extraer, explotar, y simplificar información y descubrir nuevos patrones que se convertirán en futuros eventos de las empresas agropecuarias. En la investigación se aplicó un diseño no experimental y de enfoque mixto. Se aplicó un análisis estadístico inferencial el cual arrojó como resultado que existe una influencia correlación positiva considerable con un 74.3% entre la variable inteligencia de negocio y la variable toma de decisiones. Por este motivo es oportuno implementar un Software de inteligencia de negocio en el área de producción de la empresa como instrumento para el análisis de grandes volúmenes de datos.
Formatando uma personalidade pelo uso moderado e estipulado das telas
Authors: Agrela Rodrigues Fabiano de Abreu
Published: September 2022

A expansão do uso da internet atingiu também a educação, tanto escolas como universidades buscam esse mecanismo para se tornar públicas, diante disso criam páginas na rede com perfil mecânico e semelhante, a maioria demonstra a linha de ensino e o funcionamento da instituição. De que forma o uso das tecnologias digitais afetam os adolescentes em âmbito social, afetivo e educacional? Vários são os problemas encontrados, entre eles podemos citar os mais relevantes: os conflitos familiares, decorrentes do distanciamento e da ausência de diálogo; a predominância de relações superficiais e de falsa intimidade e a ilusão de que tudo é possível; dificuldades de aprendizagem decorrentes da dependência da internet, transtornos de ansiedade e déficit de atenção. As mudanças provocadas com o advento da tecnologia trazem à tona questionamentos em relação à postura de qualquer profissional e, sobretudo, do profissional da educação diante do seu compromisso frente aos seus aprendizes e da sociedade a qual ele pertence. O colégio que insere a tecnologia desde a educação infantil, até o Ensino Médio realiza o letramento digital como ferramenta para construção do conhecimento, para os alunos tirarem proveito positivo da tecnologia na construção de conhecimento, projeto de vida e fluência digital.
Variabilidad del aprovechamiento forestal en la provincia Imbabura, periodo 2015-2019
Authors: Valencia Valenzuela Xavier Germán , Paredes Rodríguez Hugo Orlando , Rosero Mier Manuel Mesías , Pozo Andrade Verónica Marisol , Yépez Duque Edison Santiago
Published: September 2022

La variación del aprovechamiento forestal en Imbabura está en relación con la frecuencia de especies forestales autorizadas por el “Ministerio de Ambiente, Agua y Transición Ecológica” en programas de corta y planes de manejo. El objetivo fue determinar la variabilidad del aprovechamiento de especies nativas en Imbabura durante el periodo (2015-2019). El método aplicado fue el sintético al integrar, revisar y consolidar licencias de aprovechamiento forestal; además se realizó un análisis estadístico, mediante aplicación de la media, varianza, desviación estándar y coeficiente de variación; la investigación se realizó en tres etapas: Recopilación de información, Sistematización de información y Análisis de resultados. En Imbabura, entre  2015 y 2019 se aprobó 14.500,24 m3 de volumen de árboles nativos para la corta en un área de 895,11 ha; En total se autorizó 88 especies, las cuales, 15 concentran el 83,01% del volumen y 73 corresponden al 16,99%. El volumen mayormente aprovechado fue de Copal (Dacryodes peruviana) con 3.563,94 m3; seguida de Sangre de gallina (Otoba spp.) con 1.857,49 m3 y Canelo (Nectandra spp.) con 1.229,30 m3. Se otorgó un total de 52 licencias de aprovechamiento en la provincia, siendo el cantón Cotacachi con el mayor número de licencias al tener una gran superficie, árboles relictos, remanentes de bosque y alta diversidad. En conclusión, existen tres especies forestales que presentan la mayor frecuencia y variabilidad dentro del aprovechamiento forestal al ser habituales en planes y programas de manejo forestal, estas son: yalte (Ocotea infrafoveolata), pacche (Ocotea spp.) y sangre de gallina (Otoba spp.).
La gamificación en la educación: una estrategia didáctica, en el colegio Dr. Luis Celleri Avilés
Authors: Delgado Palacios Mercedes Lisbeth , Ángel Reyes Cecibel Eugeni , Saltos Palacios Glenda Inés , Del Castillo Espinal Jhonny Rafael
Published: September 2022

Este articulo trata de una experiencia innovadora, lúdica interactiva con un enfoque metodológico basado en la gamificación con el apoyo de la aplicación digital kahoot, aplicada en el aprendizaje y evaluación formativa a los estudiantes de octavo, novenos y décimo año por medio de la plataforma kahoot usando los elementos gamificados propios dela aplicación, en la asignatura de estudios sociales de la Unidad Educativa Dr. Luis Celleri Avilés,  la participación de los estudiante se los analizó de forma cualitativa, los resultados se los midió mediante un test en kahoot.

La propuesta de la gamificación es un estilo de aprendizaje útil que potencia la motivación y la concentración del estudiante, además que fomenta el uso de las tics en el campo educativo basado en el juego, la búsqueda de la información se las realizó a través de Google académico, artículos de revistas indexadas, libros y periódicos, para conocer cuál es el rol principal que ha tenido la gamificación en estos últimos tiempos y cuál ha sido su impacto.

La gamificación se ha convertido en una estrategia innovadora activa de enseñanza en tiempo difíciles convirtiéndolos en una oportunidad, asimismo aún existe muchas limitaciones por el uso de la tecnología incluso para el docente que deja a un lado el meto tradicional.
Contribución del aprendizaje invertido en la pedagogía de la autoorganización en la formación de formadores de educación básica
Authors: Soto Ortiz José Luis , Torres Gastelú Carlos Arturo
Published: September 2022

En este trabajo, se presenta aplicación del aprendizaje invertido en la Universidad Pedagógica Veracruzana en su modelo educativo basado en la pedagogía de la autoorganización, mismo que se adapta a la modalidad escolar en donde los aprendientes acuden un día a la semana para atender clases presenciales complementando el aprendizaje de manera autónoma durante los restantes días. El objetivo fue analizar la contribución del aprendizaje invertido en la pedagogía de la autoorganización como estrategia de enseñanza. El estudio fue de tipo exploratorio de corte mixto, aplicado a un grupo de estudiantes que cursaron el primer semestre de la licenciatura en educación básica. Por la parte cuantitativa se aplicó una encuesta adaptada de la percepción del aprendizaje y por la parte cualitativa se realizó una entrevista grupal. Los resultados, señalan actitudes positivas en la adopción de esta didáctica que permitió el reforzamiento de los contenidos vistos en el curso, así como la aceptación favorable en el uso de esta modalidad de enseñanza. Finalmente, se concluye que el aprendizaje invertido se concibe como un elemento que propicia la pedagogía de la autoorganización en la formación de los futuros docentes.
Decreto Legislativo 1278 y el derecho a vivir en un ambiente saludable y equilibrado en el distrito de Chepén, 2022
Authors: Chávez Pérez Janner Erwin
Published: September 2022

Investigación denominada “Decreto Legislativo 1278 y el derecho a vivir en un ambiente saludable y equilibrado en el distrito de Chepén, 2022”; tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el Decreto Legislativo 1278 y el derecho de vivir en un ambiente saludable y equilibrado en el distrito de Chepén, 2022. De enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo básico, con diseño transversal, no experimental y correlacional simple. La muestra estuvo conformada por 382 ciudadanos de Chepén, seleccionados por muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se utilizó la técnica de encuesta y el instrumento fue un cuestionario.

Finalmente, se determinó una correlación directa de magnitud moderada entre el Decreto Legislativo 1278 con el derecho a vivir en un ambiente saludable y equilibrado (rs =.400). Se evidenció un conocimiento moderado del Decreto Legislativo 1278 en un 59.2%, y en el derecho a vivir en un ambiente saludable y equilibrado en un 85.9%. Por otro lado, se aprecia una relación directa de magnitud  muy baja entre las reglas con el derecho a vivir en un ambiente saludable y equilibrado (rs =.223) y con la clasificación (rs =.241), y una relación directa de magnitud moderada con el manejo (rs =.442).
Python en desarrollo de aplicaciones de una sola página
Authors: Bellido Santa María José Boris
Published: September 2022

Las aplicaciones de una sola página, en los últimos tiempos han permitido desarrollar aplicaciones que parezcan nativas, permitiendo de esta manera desarrollar y actualizar las aplicaciones de manera más eficiente.

El objetivo es contrastar el desarrollo de aplicaciones de una sola página con Python y con los marcos de trabajo más populares.

Se han aplicado diferentes métodos: Método del Análisis documental, para construir el sustento teórico. Método de la Medición, para definir las variables a estudiar. Método Experimental, se han desarrollado cuatro aplicaciones con la misma especificación de requerimientos usando Angular, React, Vue y PyScript.

Sobre el entorno de desarrollo, Angular, React y Vue fueron instalados con npm, dependen de cientos de paquetes para poder comenzar con el desarrollo de un proyecto, mientras que PyScript se puede usar por CDN y solo hace falta los archivos del proyecto. En cuanto al entorno de ejecución, Angular, React y Vue generan aplicaciones con tiempo de descarga muy parecidos, por otro lado PyScript tarda casi siete veces.

PyScript es una herramienta muy buena para personas que no conocen JavaScript, pero aún no está lista para ser usada en entornos de producción serios, en vista que el tiempo de descarga son demasiado alto.
Increasing energy and resource saving in complex heat and mass exchange systems with multi-component heats
Authors:   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Zhukov Vladimir P. , Barochkin Alexey E. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University, Bobrova Maria S. ,   Ivanovo State Power Engineering University
Published: September 2022

The authors used the developed model of heat and mass transfer in multi-stage heat exchangers with multicomponent heat carriers in order to formulate and solve the problem of optimizing the structure and operating mode of heat and mass transfer systems for heat carriers consisting of a mixture of components with different boiling points . The solution of this problem is presented, which allows us to evaluate the efficiency of the technological system according to the selected objective function.
Improvement of secondary energy resource utilization systems
Authors:   The Kosygin State University of Russia, Karev Alexey N. , Turin Mikhail P. ,   The Kosygin State University of Russia
Published: September 2022

The features of heat recovery using contact and surface type heat exchangers, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the energy efficiency of this technology are considered
Comparison calculating of apparatus with spray of liquid for interphase mass exchange at direct and reverse gas flow
Authors:   Yaroslavl Higher Military School of Air Defense, Simakov Nikolai N.
Published: September 2022

The article presents the results of a comparative calculation of direct flow and counter flow mass transfer spray apparatuses using the dependence Cd = 2000/Re2 in the earlier proposed model of hydrodynamics and mass transfer of phases in a flow of spray
Numerical analysis of the energy efficiency of processes under the action of ultrasonic oscillations in systems with a continuous liquid phase for optimum control of the radiator operating
Authors:   Biysk Technological Institute (branch) of AltSTU named after I.I. Polzunov, Golykh Roman N. , Shalunov Andrey V. ,   Biysk Technological Institute (branch) of AltSTU named after I.I. Polzunov, Khmelev Vladimir N. ,   Biysk Technological Institute (branch) of AltSTU named after I.I. Polzunov, Barsukov Roman V. ,   Biysk Technological Institute (branch) of AltSTU named after I.I. Polzunov, Manyakhin Ivan A. ,   Biysk Technological Institute (branch) of AltSTU named after I.I. Polzunov, Ilchenko Dmitry A. ,   Biysk Technological Institute (branch) of AltSTU named after I.I. Polzunov, Minakov Vyacheslav D. ,   Biysk Technological Institute (branch) of AltSTU named after I.I. Polzunov, Shakura Vladislav A. ,   Center of ultrasonic technologies of AltSTU
Published: September 2022

The numerical analysis of the energy efficiency of processes in systems with a continuous liquid phase under the action of ultrasonic vibrations was performed. The analysis is aimed at determining the real ratio between the energy of changing the interatomic and intermolecular bonds of the medium and the total input energy of ultrasonic action. The performed analysis on the examples of the processes of mechanical destruction of macromolecules and dispersion evaluated dependences of the real energy consumption for the change of the interatomic and intermolecular bonds of the medium on vibrations intensity. The revealed dependences do not contradict the experimental data. The proposed modification of the previously created intensity control algorithm allows to increase the efficiency of ultrasonic exposure by 1.25…1.7 times according to calculations.
Modeling of particulate materials coating with polyacrylamide shells
Authors:   Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology, Lipin Alexander G. , Lipin Andrey A. ,   Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology
Published: September 2022

Coating of particulate material with thin polymeric shell, which is obtained by polymerization on the particle surface, was considered. A mathematical model of this process is presented. The model simulates heat and mass transfer, polymerization kinetics and evaporation surface change in coating process.
Simulation of energy resource efficient microwave method for drying petrochemical equipment after hydrotest
Authors:   D. Mendeleev University, Meshalkin Valery P. , Abdeev Ildar R. ,   D. Mendeleev University, Saitov Rail I. ,   Bashkir state University, Zaripov Ildar R. ,   Bashkir state University, Gulemova Liana R. ,   Bashkir state University
Published: September 2022

A mathematical model of the method of microwave drying of shell-type petrochemical equipment has been developed and the results of computational experiments with justification of energy and resource efficiency are presented.
Effective vortex techniques and devices for cleaning industrial gas from dust at food and chemical enterprises
Authors:   Mogilev State University of Food Technologies, Akulich Alexander V. , Lustenkov Viktor M. ,   Mogilev State University of Food Technologies, Akulich Alexander A. ,   Mogilev State University of Food Technologies
Published: September 2022

The article overviews dust collecting systems of heat technology installations at various enterprises. There have been developed new techniques and highly effective devices for purifying gases from dust on the basis of straight and countercurrent vortex flows. Experimental studies on hydrodynamics of breadboard models have been conducted to carry out effective methods of gas purification from solid particles. A two-stage system for dry cleaning gas from dust consisting of a cyclone at the first stage and either vortex or straight-flow dust collector at the second stage is suggested.
Development of a method for fire-resistant modification of textile materials
Authors:   The Kosygin State University of Russia, Beshaposhnikova Valentina I. , Mikryukova Olga N. ,   The Kosygin State University of Russia, Lebedeva Tatyana S. ,   The Kosygin State University of Russia, Khammatova Venera V. ,   Kazan Scientific Research Technological University (KNRTU)
Published: September 2022

The results of the flame-retardant modification of the PAN fiber by the method of incubation under the influence of low-pressure HPE plasma are presented. The oxygen index of the fire-proof PAN fiber increases to 30-31% vol. The gorenje aflamit KWB flame retardant enhances the processes of cyclization, dehydrogenation and carbonation of the flame-proof PAN fiber, which helps to reduce its flammability.
Do All Low-Mass Stars Undergo Extra Mixing Processes?
Authors: Balser Dana S. , Wenger Trey V. , Bania T. M.
Published: September 2022

Standard stellar evolution models that only consider convection as a physical process to mix material inside of stars predict the production of significant amounts of 3He in low-mass stars (M < 2 M
⊙), with peak abundances of 3He/H ∼ few × 10−3 by number. Over the lifetime of the Galaxy, this ought to produce 3He/H abundances that diminish with increasing Galactocentric radius. Observations of 3He+ in H ii regions throughout the Galactic disk, however, reveal very little variation in the 3He abundance with values of 3He/H similar to the primordial abundance,

3

H

e

/

H

p

∼

10

−
5

. This discrepancy, known as the “3He problem,” can be resolved by invoking in stellar evolution models an extra mixing mechanism due to the thermohaline instability. Here we observe 3He+ in the planetary nebula (PN) J320 (G190.3–17.7) with the Jansky Very Large Array to confirm a previous 3He+ detection made with the Very Large Array that supports standard stellar yields. This measurement alone indicates that not all stars undergo extra mixing. Our more sensitive observations do not detect 3He+ emission from J320 with an rms noise of 58.8 μJy beam−1 after smoothing the data to a velocity resolution of 11.4 km s−1. We estimate an abundance limit of 3He/H ≤ 2.75 × 10−3 by number using the numerical radiative transfer code NEBULA. This result nullifies the last significant detection of 3He+ in a PN and allows for the possibility that all stars undergo extra mixing processes.
Unresolved z ∼ 8 Point Sources and Their Impact on the Bright End of the Galaxy Luminosity Function
Authors: Ishikawa Yuzo , Morishita Takahiro , Stiavelli Massimo , Leethochawalit Nicha , Ferguson Harry , Gilli Roberto , Mason Charlotte , Trenti Michele , Treu Tommaso , Norman Colin
Published: September 2022

The distribution and properties of the first galaxies and quasars are critical pieces of the puzzle in understanding galaxy evolution and cosmic reionization. Previous studies have often excluded unresolved sources as potential low-redshift interlopers. We combine broadband color and photometric redshift analysis with morphological selections to identify a robust sample of candidates consistent with unresolved point sources at redshifts z ∼ 8 using deep Hubble Space Telescope images. We also examine G141 grism spectroscopic data to identify and eliminate dwarf star contaminants. From these analyses, we identify three bright (M
UV ≲ −22 AB mag) dropout point sources at 7.5 < z < 8.1. Spectral energy distribution analyses suggest that these sources are either quasars or compact star-forming galaxies. The flux captured by the IRAC 4.5 μm channel suggests that they have moderate Hβ + [O III] equivalent widths. We calculate the number density of point sources at z ∼ 7–8, and find that a double-power-law model well describes the point-source distribution. We then extend our analysis to estimate the combined point-source + galaxy luminosity function and find that the point sources have a nonnegligible contribution to the bright-end excess. The fact that the point sources dominate only at M
UV ≲ −22 suggests that their contribution to cosmic reionization is likely limited. While spectroscopic follow-up is needed to confirm the nature of these point sources, this work demonstrates that the inclusion of Lyman-dropout point sources is necessary for a complete census of early galaxies at the epoch of cosmic reionization.
The Odd Dark Matter Halos of Isolated Gas-rich Ultradiffuse Galaxies
Authors: Kong Demao , Kaplinghat Manoj , Yu Hai-Bo , Fraternali Filippo , Mancera Piña Pavel E.
Published: September 2022

We analyze circular velocity profiles of seven ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) that are isolated and gas-rich. Assuming that the dark matter halos of these UDGs have a Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) density profile or a Read density profile (which allows for constant-density cores), the inferred halo concentrations are systematically lower than the cosmological median, even as low as −0.6 dex (about 5σ away) in some cases. Alternatively, similar fits can be obtained with a density profile that scales roughly as 1/r
2 for radii larger than a few kiloparsecs. Both solutions require the radius where the halo circular velocity peaks (

R

max

) to be much larger than the median expectation. Surprisingly, we find an overabundance of such large-

R

max

halos in the IllustrisTNG dark-matter-only simulations compared to the Gaussian expectation. These halos form late and have higher spins compared to median halos of similar masses. The inner densities of the most extreme among these late-forming halos are higher than their NFW counterparts, leading to a ∼1/r
2 density profile. However, the two well-resolved UDGs in our sample strongly prefer lower dark matter densities in the center than the simulated ones. Comparing to IllustrisTNG hydrodynamical simulations, we also find a tension in getting both low enough circular velocities and high enough halo mass to accommodate the measurements. Our results indicate that the gas-rich UDGs present a significant challenge for galaxy formation models.
Halo Properties and Mass Functions of Groups/Clusters from the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR9
Authors: Wang Jiaqi , Yang Xiaohu , Zhang Jun , Li Hekun , Fong Matthew , Xu Haojie , He Min , Gu Yizhou , Luo Wentao , Dong Fuyu , Wang Yirong , Li Qingyang , Katsianis Antonios , Wang Haoran , Shen Zhi , Alonso Vaquero Pedro , Liu Cong , Huang Yiqi , Liu Zhenjie
Published: September 2022

Based on a large group/cluster catalog recently constructed from the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys DR9 using an extended halo-based group finder, we measure and model the group–galaxy weak-lensing signals for groups/clusters in a few redshift bins within redshift range 0.1 ≤ z < 0.6. Here, the background shear signals are obtained based on the DECaLS survey shape catalog, derived with the Fourier_Quad method. We divide the lens samples into five equispaced redshift bins and seven mass bins, which allow us to probe the redshift and mass dependence of the lensing signals, and hence the resulting halo properties. In addition to these sample selections, we also check the signals around different group centers, e.g., the brightest central galaxy, the luminosity-weighted center, and the number-weighted center. We use a lensing model that includes off-centering to describe the lensing signals that we measure for all mass and redshift bins. The results demonstrate that our model predictions for the halo masses, biases, and concentrations are stable and self-consistent among different samples for different group centers. Taking advantage of the very large and complete sample of groups/clusters, as well as the reliable estimations of their halo masses, we provide measurements of the cumulative halo mass functions up to redshift z = 0.6, with a mass precision at 0.03 ∼ 0.09 dex.
Disconnecting the Dots: Re-examining the Nature of Stellar “Strings” in the Milky Way
Authors: Zucker Catherine , Peek J. E. G. , Loebman Sarah
Published: September 2022

Recent analyses of Gaia data have resulted in the identification of new stellar structures, including a new class of extended stellar filaments called stellar “strings,” first proposed by Kounkel & Covey. We explore the spatial, kinematic, and chemical composition of strings to demonstrate that these newfound structures are largely inconsistent with being physical objects whose members share a common origin. Examining the 3D spatial distribution of string members, we find that the spatial dispersion around the claimed string spine does not improve in the latest Gaia DR3 data release—despite tangible gains in the signal-to-noise ratio of the parallax measurements—counter to expectations of a bona fide structure. Using the radial velocity dispersion of the strings (averaging

σ

V

r

=
16

km

s

−
1

) to estimate their virial masses, we find that all strings are gravitationally unbound. Given the finding that the strings are dispersing, the reported stellar ages of the strings are typically 120× larger than their measured dispersal times. Finally, we validate prior work that stellar strings are more chemically homogeneous than their local field stars but show it is possible to obtain the same signatures of chemical homogeneity by drawing random samples of stars from spatially, temporally, and kinematically unrelated open clusters. Our results show that while some strings may be composed of real substructures, there is no consistent evidence for larger string-like connections over the sample. These results underscore the need for caution in over-interpreting the significance of these strings and their role in understanding the star formation history of the Milky Way.
Strict social distancing measures helped early control of SARS-CoV-2 spread in Duhok city, Iraq
Authors: Hussein Nawfal R , Naqid Ibrahim
Published: September 2022

The aim of this letter is to discuss the pandemic management measures, including social distancing and community containment, taken in Duhok city in Northern Iraq, where a few patients were infected with COVID-19. During the first three months of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, 15 patients were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 in Duhok city. All the patients were asymptomatic and were discharged to their home within 10 ± 3.2 days after throat swabs indicated a negative SARS-CoV-2 Real Time Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test. The social distancing and lockdown measures taken by the city were implemented in three stages. In the first stage, all educational institutions including schools, colleges and universities were closed. In the second stage, all gatherings were banned. Finally, state-imposed community-wide containment was declared. The social distancing measures helped control infections in the city. Gradual reopening is recommended to avoid the spread of infection.
The efficiency of selective pooling strategy in a COVID-19 diagnostic laboratory
Authors: Hapsari Rebriarina , Kesumayadi Irfan , Maharani Nani , Mahati Endang , Cayami Ferdy Kurniawan , Jati Sutopo Patria
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Mass testing is essential in the surveillance strategy for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. It allows early detection of suspected cases and subsequently early isolation to mitigate spread. However, the high cost and limited consumables and reagents hinder the mass testing strategy in developing countries such as Indonesia. The specimen pooling strategy is an option to perform mass screening with limited resources. This study aims to determine the positivity rate cut-off and to evaluate the efficiency of pooling strategy for the laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19.

Methodology: Between August 4th, 2020, and November 11th, 2020, a four-sample pooling strategy testing to detect SARS-CoV-2 was carried out at the Microbiology Diagnostic Laboratory of Diponegoro National Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia. Pools with positive results were subjected to individual specimen retesting. Spearman’s correlation and linear regression analysis were used to determine the best positivity rate cut-off to apply pooling strategy.

Results: A total of 15,216 individual specimens were pooled into 3,804 four-sample pools. Among these pools, 1,007 (26.47%) were positive. Five hundred and ten (50.64%) were 1/4 positive. A maximum positivity rate of 22% is needed to save at least 50% extraction and qRT-PCR reactions in a four-sample pooling strategy. CT values between individual specimens and pools showed a good interval agreement.

Conclusions: Pooling strategy could reduce personnel workload and reagent cost, and increase laboratory capacity by up to 50% when the positivity rate is less than 22%.
Defining the clinical characteristics of Q fever endocarditis: A case-control study in China
Authors: Zhang Xuehan , Fan Hongwei , Jiao Yang , Huang Xiaoming
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii. Atypical presentations of Q fever can cause diagnostic difficulty or be misdiagnosed. Here we compared the clinical and diagnostic features of Q fever endocarditis and endocarditis caused by other bacteria to identify features of Q fever endocarditis that might facilitate early diagnosis.

Methodology: This was a retrospective case-control study of eight cases of Q fever endocarditis diagnosed between 2000 and 2018 at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in China and 24 age- and gender-matched patients diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis over the same period. Clinical and laboratory data were collected and compared between groups.

Results: The median time interval between symptoms and diagnosis was significantly longer in the case group than the control group (8.0 months (IQR 7.0-16.0) vs. 4.0 months (IQR 1.0-7.0); p = 0.002). Patients in case group had significantly lower white blood cell counts (5.8 ± 2.4 × 109/L vs. 10.0 ± 3.4 × 109/L; p = 0.003), percentage of neutrophil (62.4 ± 14.7% vs. 79.1 ± 9.2%; p = 0.014), high-sensitivity C-creative protein levels (21.1 mg/L (IQR 18.5-32.8) vs. 45.3 mg/L (IQR 32.9-54.3); p = 0.038), and platelet counts (133 ± 73 vs. 229 ± 65; p = 0.001) but higher levels of rheumatoid factor (104.3 U/L (IQR 99.0-132.8) vs. 10.2 U/L (IQR 6.9-32.5); p = 0.011) than controls. Elevated creatinine (50.0% vs. 12.5%; p = 0.047) and liver enzymes (50.0% vs. 0%; p = 0.002) were more common in cases than controls. Q fever endocarditis was less frequently diagnosed than controls before cardiac surgery (62.5% vs. 100%; p = 0.011), with negative blood cultures in all cases.

Conclusions: The diagnosis of Q fever endocarditis can easily be delayed compared to other causes of infectious endocarditis. Patients with chronic fever and new valve dysfunction require careful assessment, especially when presenting with negative blood cultures and high rheumatoid factor levels. Clinical and laboratory evaluation of these patients should include routine serological testing for C. burnetii.
Association between active pulmonary tuberculosis and miRNA-146a: A preliminary study from Serbia
Authors: Buha Ivana , Škodrić-Trifunović Vesna , Anđelković Marina , Pavlović Sonja , Vreća Miša , Stjepanović Mihailo , Milin-Lazović Jelena , Simić Marko , Antonijević Gordana , Spasovski Vesna
Published: September 2022

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a significant public health problem. The role of small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), was investigated extensively in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection as well as in a variety of other pathophysiological processes in recent years. It was found that miRNAs act as regulators of both early reaction to MTB infection and in process of adaptation of the host immune cells during latent course of the disease. Molecule miRNA-146a is expressed exclusively in immune cells and it has the most prominent role in modulation of innate immunity.

Methodology: We investigated the level of expression of miRNA-146a using an RT-qPCR technique in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 44 patients with active pulmonary TB and 17 healthy individuals. We also analyzed the significance of miRNA-146a rs2910164 SNV for expression profile of miRNA-146a, in order to investigate potential usage of miRNA-146a as a biomarker for TB.

Results: There was statistically significant decrease of expression of miRNA-146a in TB group compared to control group. When gender cohorts were analyzed, the expression levels in TB male and TB female subgroup were significantly lower than the expression levels in the same gender control subgroups.

Conclusions: Our results indicate that miRNA-146a plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of TB, suggesting that miRNA-146a could be used as a biomarker for active pulmonary TB.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Vaccination of Children Aged 0–12 Months in Indonesia
Authors: Maghfuroh Lilis , Martini Diah Eko , Ekawati Heny , Aisyah Harnina Samantha , Turlina Lilin
Published: September 2022

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic was first announced in Indonesia on March 2, 2020, which affected health services including vaccination for children.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there were differences in children vaccination in Indonesia before the COVID-19 pandemic (2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020).

METHODS: This study applied cross-sectional design with the Paired Sample t-test test. The research data were obtained from the East Java Provincial Health Office in January-December 2019 and January-December 2020 which consisted of 968 first-level health-care facilities spread over 38 districts in East Java, Indonesia.

RESULTS: The results of this study were 3.85–10.57, with t values of 4.348 and df 37 and p = 0.000 so that there was a significant difference in vaccination of Indonesian children before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Mean ± SD value before the pandemic in 2019 was 18.57 ± 12.87 and during the pandemic in 2020 was 11.36 ± 9.47.

CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination of children in Indonesia decreased between before and during the COVID-19 pandemic because of a policy to stay at home and avoid crowds. Parents and children were reluctant to come to the posyandu (Integrated Health Post). The involvement of posyandu cadres is needed to be able to increase child vaccination in Indonesia.
Plant species diversity and composition in limestone forests of the Vietnamese Cat Ba National Park
Authors: Pham Van Vien , Ammer Christian , Annighöfer Peter , Heinrichs Steffi
Published: September 2022

Plant species diversity and composition play crucial roles in many ecosystem services and are largely influenced by environmental conditions, as well as natural and/or anthropogenic disturbances. However, our knowledge of the drivers of plant species diversity and composition in the limestone forests of Vietnam, a hotspot of biodiversity, is limited. To fill this knowledge gap, we surveyed plant species in the Cat Ba National Park (CBNP), located on a limestone archipelago. We hypothesised that: (1) topography, accessibility and spatial isolation drive the diversity and composition of plant communities in the CBNP and that (2) isolated areas contribute to high floristic regional diversity by supporting unique species assemblages. We expected high tree species diversity within the tropical limestone forests of the CBNP, but also that: (3) the abundance of non-tree species negatively affects tree regeneration diversity and abundance. Data were obtained from 90 random sample plots (500 m2) and 450 sub-sample plots (25 m2) in three areas of the CBNP. We differentiated four different plant species communities and found a total of 302 species belonging to 112 families. Tree species contributed 50% to total species richness. The distribution of different plant communities in the CBNP was driven mainly by topography; that is, the percentage of rock surface and slope and concomitant differences in soil depth. Contrary to our expectations, isolated areas did not contribute greatly to the CBNP’s plant species diversity. It seems that isolated areas and, as in our case, rough topography, may act as natural barriers to seed dispersal, creating an environmental filter for tree species. Across the CBNP, there was no effect of non-tree species on tree species regeneration, but regeneration patterns differed between communities. In species-rich communities growing under favourable site conditions (e.g. low rock surface and slope), greater coverage by non-tree species had an increasingly negative effect on tree species richness and abundance in the regeneration layer. The opposite was observed in communities growing under harsh site conditions. We conclude that plant species diversity in the CBNP is high, particularly in easily accessible lowland areas where tree species contribute greatly to biodiversity. However, here, non-tree species can even restrict tree regeneration.
Morphological description and mitochondrial DNA-based phylogenetic placement of a new species of Callistoctopus Taki, 1964 (Cephalopoda, Octopodidae) from the southeast waters of China
Authors: Zheng Xiaodong , Xu Chenxi , Li Jiahua
Published: September 2022

In this study, we described a new species of octopus and named itCallistoctopus xiaohongxusp. nov.based on nine specimens captured in the waters of southeast China.Callistoctopus xiaohongxusp. nov.is a small to moderate-sized octopus. The most characteristic and defining morphological features are the reddish-orange to reddish-brown skin, gills with 8 or 9 lamellae per demibranch, \∧/-shaped funnel organ, and small suckers. Fragments obtained from the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of nine specimens were 593 bp in length, and the genetic distance among the specimens ofC. xiaohongxusp. nov.and the other 16 octopods ranged from 11.13 to 21.09%. Topologies resulting from ML and BI analyses of the COI gene showed a highly supported monophyletic clade (bootstrap value [BS] = 94%, posterior probability [PP] = 100%) containing all the specimens identified asC. xiaohongxusp. nov.
Morphology of immature stages, biology, and systematic position of the Violet seed weevil, Orobitis cyanea (Linnaeus, 1758) (Curculionidae, Conoderinae, Orobitiditae, Orobitidini)
Authors: Gosik Rafał , Sprick Peter
Published: September 2022

The mature larva of the weevil species Orobitis cyanea (Linnaeus, 1758), one of only two Palaearctic members of the supertribe Orobitiditae, is re-described, while the pupa is described for the first time. The biology of this species was studied at two sites in Germany. It was reared from seed capsules of Viola canina L. (Violaceae), and feeding holes were observed on V. riviniana Rchb. Adults of Orobitis cyanea and O. nigrina Reitter, 1885, specialists of Viola, show a well-developed escape mechanism, to which contribute a smooth surface, a rounded, nearly spherical body shape, and a seed-imitating thanatosis behaviour. The molytine weevil Leiosoma cribrum (Gyllenhal, 1834), the only other known weevil specialist of Viola in Europe, has a smooth surface, also, and is the most spherical species of the genus. The unique characters of the larva and pupa of Orobitis cyanea are discussed in regard to the systematic position of this taxon.
5-FLUOROURACIL: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA
Authors: SILVA MARIANA CONCEIÇAO
Published: September 2022

A ocorrência do câncer é muito vasta pelo mundo. Para tentar solucionar ou reduzir os impactos dessa doença, diversas formas terapêuticas foram desenvolvidas ao longo dos anos, entre elas estão à quimioterapia. O uso de fármacos para inibir a proliferação celular de células tumorais é um método eficiente. No entanto, os tratamentos atuais atingem também as células saudáveis o que acarreta muitos efeitos adversos. Neste contexto, o 5-fluoruoracil (5-FU), um dos agentes antineoplásicos mais utilizados é um composto barato e eficiente para canceres sólidos. Dada à amplitude do uso deste fármaco, estudos têm sido desenvolvidos com o objetivo de avaliar seus mecanismos de ação e efeitos. Sabe-se que a citotoxicidade do 5-FU é relativamente alta, e alguns pacientes apresentam efeitos colaterais muito acentuados o que faz com que o tratamento tenha que ser interrompido. Desta forma busca-se ajustar a sua dose com a finalidade de encontrar um equilíbrio entre o benefício terapêutico e o dano. Assim, a compreensão dos mecanismos de ação da droga 5-FU se tornam imprescindíveis para a busca de fármacos que podem ajudar a diminuir os efeitos colaterais deste quimioterápico. Portanto, este trabalho possui como objetivo principal auxiliar no entendimento dos mecanismos de ação do 5-FU e nos seus efeitos adversos.
COLEÇÃO BOTÂNICA E A POPULARIZAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Kawakita Kazue , Jati Susicley , Fernandes Carlos Eduardo Bento , Pujals Alexandrina , Rosado Aline , Arita Maria Salete Ribelatto , Romagnolo Mariza Barion , Scoarize Matheus Maximilian Ratz , Garcia Jéssica Magon
Published: September 2022

O Herbário do Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura  (Nupélia) da Universidade Estadual de Maringá (HNUP) é uma coleção botânica, localizada em Maringá (PR) e conta atualmente com acervo de aproximadamente 18.000 números. São realizadas atividades de pesquisa da flora ripária, algas perifíticas e fitoplanctônicas, principalmente da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná (PIAP). O Herbário tem realizado atividades de extensão, cujo propósito é ampliar a divulgação do conhecimento científico gerado por meio de atividades de pesquisas. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é relatar atividades de extensão do HNUP e divulgar informações sobre a flora ripária, algas perifíticas e fitoplâncton, principalmente da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná (PIAP). As atividades de divulgação científica e popularização da ciência ocorrem em paralelo às atividades acadêmicas e  têem se dado por meio de levantamentos, identificações taxonômicas e divulgação tanto no meio científico quanto à comunidade em geral. As atividades de extensão compreendem atividades in situ (cursos, minicursos, visitas e palestras) e ex situ (mostra científica e curso de extensão).Tais atividades têm contribuído direta e positivamente da interação entre os profissionais, alunos e funcionários da instituição com a população, e consequentemente na formação e capacitação de recursos humanos, articulando todas as esferas sociais, sendo a popularização da ciência essencial na construção de uma  perspectiva de transformação social significativa e participativa, no contexto ecológico da flora e da sua importância no meio ambiente. Ademais visa gerar subsídios para estudos ecológicos, de conservação da biodiversidade, recuperação de áreas degradadas e fornecer subsídios para o Ministério Público do Paraná na tomada de decisões. As atividades desenvolvidas atingiram mais de 9.000 pessoas, em parceria com outras diversas áreas do conhecimento.
Optimal Training for Movement Acquisition and Transfer: Does “Externally Focused” Visual Biofeedback Promote Implicit Motor Learning?
Authors: Kal Elmar , Ellmers Toby , Hogg Jennifer , Slutsky-Ganesh Alexis B. , Bonnette Scott , Thomas Staci , Riehm Christopher D. , Myer Gregory D. , Diekfuss Jed A.
Published: September 2022

Context

Visual biofeedback has been shown to facilitate injury-resistant movement acquisition in adolescent athletes. Visual biofeedback is typically thought to foster implicit learning by stimulating athletes to focus attention externally (on movement outcome). However, biofeedback may also induce explicit learning if the athlete uses the visual information to consciously guide movement execution (via an internal focus).

Objective

To determine the degree to which athletes reported statements indicating implicit or explicit motor learning after engaging in a visual biofeedback intervention.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Three-dimensional motion-analysis laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty-five adolescent female soccer athletes (age = 15.0 ± 1.5 years, height = 165.7 ± 5.9 cm, mass = 59.4 ± 10.6 kg).

Interventions

Standard 6-week neuromuscular training intervention (three 90-minute sessions/wk), with added visual biofeedback sessions (2 sessions/wk). For the biofeedback training, participants performed squatting and jumping movements while interacting with a visual rectangular stimulus that mapped key parameters associated with injury risk. After the last biofeedback session in each week, participants answered open-ended questions to probe learning strategies.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Responses to the open-ended questions were categorized as externally focused (ie, on movement outcome, suggestive of implicit learning), internally focused (ie, on movement itself, suggestive of explicit learning), mixed focus, or other.

Results

A total of 171 open-ended responses were collected. Most of the responses that could be categorized (39.2%) were externally focused (41.8%), followed by mixed (38.8%) and internally focused (19.4%). The frequency of externally focused statements increased from week 1 (18%) to week 6 (50%).

Conclusions

Although most statements were externally focused (suggesting implicit learning), the relatively large proportion of internal- and mixed-focus statements suggested that many athletes also engaged in explicit motor learning, especially in early practice sessions. Therefore, biofeedback may affect motor learning through a mixture of implicit and explicit learning.
Comparison of Braces for Treatment of Sever's Disease (Calcaneal Apophysitis) in Barefoot Athletes: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Sweeney Emily A. , Little Casey C. , Wilson Julie C. , Potter Morgan N. , Seehusen Corrine N. , Howell David R.
Published: September 2022

Context

Sever's disease (calcaneal apophysitis) is a common condition in youth athletes, including those who participate in barefoot sports. Health care professionals often recommend that young athletes with Sever's disease wear heel cups in their shoes while active, but barefoot athletes are unable to use heel cups.

Objective

To compare the efficacy of 2 braces used by barefoot athletes with Sever's disease.

Design

Randomized controlled clinical trial.

Setting

Pediatric sports medicine clinic.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 43 barefoot athletes aged 7 to 14 years were enrolled, and 32 completed the study (age = 10.3 ± 1.6 years; 29 girls, 3 boys).

Intervention(s)

Participants were randomized to the Tuli's Cheetah heel cup (n = 16) or Tuli's The X Brace (n = 16) group for use during barefoot sports over the 3-month study period.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants completed self-reported assessments after diagnosis (baseline) and 1, 2, and 3 months later. The primary outcome was the Oxford Ankle Foot Questionnaire for Children (OxAFQ-C) physical score (3 months postenrollment). The secondary outcomes were OxAFQ-C school or play and emotional scores and the visual analog scale pain score.

Results

The percentage of time wearing the brace during barefoot sports was not different between the Cheetah heel cup and The X Brace groups (82% versus 64% of the time in sports; P = .08). At 3 months, we observed no differences for the OxAFQ-C physical (0.79 versus 0.71; P = .80; Hedges g = 0.06), school or play (0.94 versus 1.00; P = .58; Hedges g = 0.26), or emotional (1.00 versus 1.00; P = .85; Hedges g = 0.21) score. Visual analog scale pain scores during activities of daily living and sports were lower (better) at the 2- and 3-month time points than at baseline (P < .001).

Conclusions

Both groups demonstrated improvements in ankle and foot function across time, but no between-groups differences were seen at 3 months. Given these results, barefoot athletes with Sever's disease may consider using either brace with barefoot activity to help improve pain and functional status.