bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Study of Two Anesthetic Agents Thiopentone Sodium and Propofol in Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Manasa Sanagapalli S. V. L. , Reddy E. Ananda , Harshitha V. , Prasanna Velama Pooja , Lekha Chennuru Kavya , Krishna Javangula Swetha
Published: December 2024

Objectives:

Modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) remains one of the effective treatment modalities for various psychiatric illnesses. There are various anesthetic agents used in MECT. Thiopentone sodium and propofol are the most commonly used induction agents but differences exist among these two agents. In this study, we intended to compare thiopentone sodium and propofol in seizure duration, recovery time, hemodynamic, and cognitive profiles in patients receiving MECT.

Methods:

This was a comparative study done in Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India. We recruited 80 study patients who were diagnosed with severe depression with suicidal ideations and schizophrenia with positive symptoms and were planned for receiving MECT. The study patients received assessments using Hamilton Rating Scale for depression (HAM-D), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, and Brief Cognitive Rating Scale (BCRS) at the time of admission, after the first, and the last post-MECT sessions.

Results:

The difference of the mean seizure duration between in thiopentone sodium and propofol (28.3 vs. 20.9 s) was statistically significant (p < 0.01). There were significant changes in baseline parameters after the procedure. The difference in the mean value of the recovery period between the thiopentone sodium and propofol group, i.e., (467.0 ± 72.2 vs. 311.5 ± 58.6 s) was also significant (p < 01). The mean BCRS scores after 1st and last sessions in the thiopentone sodium group were 9.2 and 11.6, respectively, whereas those in the propofol group were 8.0 and 10.0, respectively. The mean BCRS scores between the first and the last post-MECT were significantly different in the thiopentone sodium group (p < 0.01) and the propoful group (p < 0.01). The mean BCRS scores were significantly different at the first post-MECT (p < 0.05) and the last post-MECT (p < 0.05) between two anesthetic groups.

Conclusion:

The study showed that propofol was a better anesthetic agent than thiopentone sodium as propofol had faster recovery time with stable hemodynamic parameters, and less cognitive deficits, but had shorter seizure duration.
Electroacupuncture alleviates diabetic peripheral neuropathy through modulating mitochondrial biogenesis and suppressing oxidative stress
Authors: Yuan Chong-Xi , Wang Xuan , Liu Yun , Xu Tian-Cheng , Yu Zhi , Xu Bin
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Peripheral neuropathy caused by diabetes is closely related to the vicious cycle of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction resulting from metabolic abnormalities. The effects mediated by the silent information regulator type 2 homolog-1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) axis present new opportunities for the treatment of type 2 diabetic peripheral neuropathy (T2DPN), potentially breaking this harmful cycle.

AIM

To validate the effectiveness of electroacupuncture (EA) in the treatment of T2DPN and investigate its potential mechanism based on the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis.

METHODS

The effects of EA were evaluated through assessments of metabolic changes, morphological observations, and functional examinations of the sciatic nerve, along with measurements of inflammation and oxidative stress. Proteins related to the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis, involved in the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidative stress, were detected in the sciatic nerve using Western blotting to explain the underlying mechanism. A counterevidence group was created by injecting a SIRT1 inhibitor during EA intervention to support the hypothesis.

RESULTS

In addition to diabetes-related metabolic changes, T2DPN rats showed significant reductions in pain threshold after 9 weeks, suggesting abnormal peripheral nerve function. EA treatment partially restored metabolic control and reduced nerve damage in T2DPN rats. The SIRT1/PGC-1α axis, which was downregulated in the model group, was upregulated by EA intervention. The endogenous antioxidant system related to the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis, previously inhibited in diabetic rats, was reactivated. A similar trend was observed in inflammatory markers. When SIRT1 was inhibited in diabetic rats, these beneficial effects were abolished.

CONCLUSION

EA can alleviate the symptoms of T2DNP in experimental rats, and its effects may be related to the mitochondrial biogenesis and endogenous antioxidant system mediated by the SIRT1/PGC-1α axis.
Dapagliflozin exerts anti-apoptotic effects by mitigating macrophage polarization via modulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway
Authors: Xiong Sheng-Xi , Huang Lin-Juan , Liu Han-Shuang , Zhang Xiao-Xiao , Li Min , Cui Yu-Bing , Shao Chen , Hu Xiao-Lei
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Macrophages are central to the orchestration of immune responses, inflammatory processes, and the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. The dynamic polarization of macrophages into M1 and M2 phenotypes critically modulates inflammation and contributes to the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors such as dapagliflozin, which are acclaimed for their efficacy in diabetes management, may influence macrophage polarization, thereby ameliorating diabetic nephropathy. This investigation delves into these mechanistic pathways, aiming to elucidate novel therapeutic strategies for diabetes.

AIM

To investigate the inhibitory effect of dapagliflozin on macrophage M1 polarization and apoptosis and to explore its mechanism of action.

METHODS

We established a murine model of type 2 diabetes mellitus and harvested peritoneal macrophages following treatment with dapagliflozin. Concurrently, the human monocyte cell line cells were used for in vitro studies. Macrophage viability was assessed in a cell counting kit 8 assay, whereas apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Protein expression was examined through western blotting, and the expression levels of macrophage M1 surface markers, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic factors were quantified using flow cytometry, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses.

RESULTS

Dapagliflozin attenuated M1 macrophage polarization and mitigated apoptosis in the abdominal macrophages of diabetic mice, evidenced by the downregulation of proapoptotic genes (Caspase 3 ), inflammatory cytokines [interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-1β], and M1 surface markers (inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cluster of differentiation 86), as well as the upregulation of the antiapoptotic gene BCL2 . Moreover, dapagliflozin suppressed the expression of proteins associated with the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway (PI3K, AKT, phosphorylated protein kinase B). These observations were corroborated in vitro , where we found that the modulatory effects of dapagliflozin were abrogated by 740Y-P, an activator of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

CONCLUSION

Dapagliflozin attenuates the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, thereby mitigating inflammation and promoting macrophage apoptosis. These effects are likely mediated through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Association between body mass index and lumbar spine volumetric bone mineral density in diabetic and non-diabetic patients
Authors: Lv Fang , Cai Xiao-Ling , Zhang Xiu-Ying , Zhou Xiang-Hai , Han Xue-Yao , Li Yu-Feng , Ji Li-Nong
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The association between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) has shown inconsistent results, varying by sex and skeletal site. Despite normal or elevated bone mass, individuals with type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of hip and vertebral fractures.

AIM

To assess lumbar spine trabecular volumetric BMD (vBMD) across different BMI categories in individuals with and without diabetes.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study included 966 men over 50 years old and 1001 postmenopausal women from the Pinggu Metabolic Disease Study. The vBMD of lumbar vertebrae 2 through 4 was measured using quantitative computed tomography. Total adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and lumbar skeletal muscle area were also quantified.

RESULTS

In men with obesity (P = 0.038) and overweight (P = 0.032), vBMD was significantly higher in the diabetes group compared to non-diabetic men. After adjusting for age and sex, no significant saturation effect between BMI and BMD was found in participants with diabetes or in women without diabetes. However, a BMI threshold of 22.33 kg/m² indicated a saturation point for vBMD in non-diabetic men. Independent predictors of vBMD in men included age (r = -0.387, P < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.130, P = 0.004), and VAT (r = -0.145, P = 0.001). For women, significant predictors were age (r = -0.594, P < 0.001), BMI (r = 0.157, P = 0.004), VAT (r = -0.112, P = 0.001), and SAT (r = -0.068, P = 0.035).

CONCLUSION

The relationship between BMI and trabecular vBMD differs in individuals with and without diabetes. Overweight and obese men with diabetes exhibit higher vBMD.
Clinical significance of Ki-67 in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in situ complicated by type 2 diabetes
Authors: Chen Ke , Wang Ge , Hu Jing-Cheng , Zhou Ying-Yi , Ma Hai-Tao
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

The increasing number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients leads to higher rates of morbidity and mortality related to lung cancer.

AIM

To investigate the utility of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen Ki-67 in patients with lung adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) complicated by T2DM.

METHODS

One hundred patients with AIS and T2DM (group A), 100 patients with AIS alone (group B), and 60 patients with benign lung lesions (group C) admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery and Endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from November 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled. Ki-67 expression was compared among the groups.

RESULTS

Group A had significantly higher levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (TC), total triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and insulin than groups B and C (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, group B had higher insulin levels than group C (P < 0.01). Group A exhibited a significantly higher average Ki-67 positivity rate than group B (P < 0.01). The Ki-67 positivity rate in group A was 86.87%, while the positivity rate in group B was 77%. Ki-67 was positively correlated with FPG (P < 0.01) and HbA1c levels (P < 0.01). Ki-67, FBG, insulin, HbA1c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and TC were independent factors for patients with AIS complicated by T2DM.

CONCLUSION

Ki-67 expression was higher in patients with AIS complicated by T2DM than in patients with AIS alone. Therefore, detecting the Ki-67 level might assist in the diagnosis of AIS in patients with T2DM.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 and impaired counterregulatory responses to hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Rocha Gabriel Reis , de Melo Fabrício Freire
Published: December 2024

This letter comments on a study by Jin et al , published recently in the World Journal of Diabetes . Hypoglycemia is a significant complication of diabetes, with primary defense mechanisms involving the stimulation of glucagon secretion in α-cells and the inhibition of insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells, which are often compromised in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and advanced type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recurrent hypoglycemia predisposes the development of impaired hypoglycemia awareness, a condition underpinned by complex pathophysiological processes, encompassing central nervous system adaptations and several hormonal interactions, including a potential role for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in paracrine and endocrine vias. Experimental evidence indicates that GLP-1 may impair hypoglycemic counterregulation by disrupting the sympathoadrenal system and promoting somatostatin release in pancreatic δ-cells, which inhibits glucagon secretion from neighboring α-cells. However, current trials evaluating GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in T1DM patients have shown promising benefits in reducing insulin requirements and body weight, without increasing the risk of hypoglycemia. Further research is essential to elucidate the specific roles of GLP-1 and GLP-1 RAs in modulating glucagon secretion and the sympathetic-adrenal reflex, and their impact on hypoglycemia unawareness in T1DM patients.
Pan, Protej in Saturn kot materia providens v kozmoloških interpretacijah renesančnih mitografov
Authors: Weiss Sonja
Published: December 2024

Članek analizira vzporednice in odstopanja v ambivalentnem prikazu treh likov grško-rimske mitologije (Pana, Proteja in Saturna), ki so jih renesančni avtorji v svojih kozmoloških razlagah mitov povezovali s snovnim počelom in jim obenem pripisovali lastnosti Božje previdnosti in celo kreativnega počela. Osredotočili se bomo predvsem na dela treh piscev: Boccaccio je s svojo kompilacijo Genealogiae deorum gentilium sicer še zastopnik srednjeveške mitografije, a je zaradi svojega bolj znanstvenega in kritičnega pristopa pomemben vir za renesančne mitografe, med katerimi je tudi Natale Conti s filozofsko-moralistično obarvanim delom Mythologiae, katerih sledove lahko zaznamo v nekaterih spisih Francisa Bacona (zlasti De sapientia veterum), kjer avtor podaja svoje znanstvene in filozofske poglede na antični mit in njegovo vlogo v razvoju človeškega védenja.
Lanam fecit
Authors: Stemberger Flegar Kaja
Published: December 2024

Izdelava tkanin in povezanih izdelkov je bila v antičnem Rimu ena izmed največjih obrtnih panog. O tem pričajo zapisi antičnih avtorjev, epigrafski viri, umetniške upodobitve in nenazadnje tudi arheološke ostaline. Na podlagi teh virov si lahko izdelamo predstavo o obrti, pri kateri se večina končnih izdelkov, pa tudi orodij za njihovo izdelavo ne ohrani. Prispevek prinaša kratek pregled različnih vidikov izdelave tekstila in razpravo o njegovi drugi plati: realnosti izdelave tekstila v tržne namene je vzporedna njegova simbolna vloga v rimski kulturi. Tkanje in še zlasti predenje sta bila v rimski dobi povezana s t. i. mundus mulieris. Prav predenje je veljalo tradicionalno za eno glavnih ženskih vrlin, da se je torej ženska »ukvarjala z volno«, medtem ko študije napisov in upodobitev na spomenikih kažejo, da so se v tekstilnih poklicih povečini udejanjali moški; izjema je bilo predenje. Glavni namen pričujočega prispevka je predstaviti, kako se dvojna narava tkanin odraža v slovenskem gradivu in kje lahko najdemo sledi te izredno pomembne, a izmuzljive panoge.
Niketa iz Hon: O kipih
Authors: Niketa iz Hon  , Škraban Kajetan
Published: December 2024

Tukajšnji prevod prinaša dodatek k Zgodovini Nikete iz Hon, običajno imenovan po svojem latinskem naslovu De signis oz. O kipih. Gre za precej slovit pregled umetnin, ki so jih leta 1204 med zavzetjem Konstantinopla uničili Benečani. Delce je zanimivo z več vidikov: prvič je uporabno za umetnostno zgodovino, saj nam nudi opise kipov in umetnin, ki so – kot je očitno – danes izgubljene. Vendar so Niketovi nameni v osnovi ideološki: s prefinjenim prisvajanjem antične in zlasti rimske dediščine – Bizantinci so se namreč videli kot naslednike Rimljanov in rimskega cesarstva – je želel dokazati kulturno večvrednost od zavojevalcev in zahodnih pretendentov, ki so si občasno prav tako prisvajali rimsko identiteto. Obenem je delo tudi literarno ambiciozno: Niketa se poslužuje stare tehnike ekfraze, tj. umetniškega opisa umetnine, v kateri ta ni opisana kot statični predmet, ampak kot živa in dinamična tvar, ki zaradi mojstrskega opisa zlahka zaživi pred našimi očmi.
Epigrafsko dokumentirani trgovci v vzhodnoalpskem prostoru
Authors: Visočnik Julijana
Published: December 2024

Trgovina je bila skozi vso zgodovino pomembna gospodarska panoga. V Rimskem imperiju ni bilo nič drugače, so pa v tem obdobju trgovci nemalokrat tudi epigrafsko dokumentirani, ali na nagrobnikih ali kot dedikanti na votivnih spomenikih, izjemoma jih je mogoče srečati še na kateri drugi vrsti epigrafskih spomenikov. Avtorica je zbrala omembe trgovcev v 4 upravnih enotah Rimskega imperija: Venetia et Histria (z Akvilejo in drugimi pomembnimi mesti v severni Italiji), Norik ter obe Panoniji, ki so ali slovenski prostor zajemale ali so nanj imele največji vpliv. Zanimali so jo tisti, ki bi bili zapisani kot mercatores, ter tisti, ki so jih označili kot negotiatores (oz. negotiantes).
Vse poti vodijo v Emono
Authors: Županek Bernarda , Križanič Luka , Muhić Doroteja , Dolenec Matej , Rogan Šmuc Nastja , Dolenec Sabina
Published: December 2024

V prispevku predstavljamo raziskavo izvora kamnin 21 odlomkov žrmelj, odkritih pri arheoloških raziskavah rimskega mesta Emona. Provenienca kamnin žrmelj nam da pomembne podatke o trgovini na dolge razdalje in o poteku trgovskih poti v rimskem času. Žrmlje – ročni mlini, sestavljeni iz dveh kamnov okrogle oblike, odprtine za pogonsko ročico na zgornjem kamnu in središčne osi – so se v rimskem času uporabljale predvsem za vsakodnevno mletje žit. V postopku raziskave so bili vzorci emonskih žrmelj pregledani z mineraloško-petrografskimi analizami. Rezultati kažejo, da so del analiziranih žrmelj v Emono pripeljali od daleč, kar dopolnjuje naše vedenje o trgovini na dolge razdalje in o poteku trgovskih poti čez emonski prostor. Del analiziranih žrmelj je lokalnega izvora. Sklepamo, da je bila odločitev tedanjih prebivalcev mesta, katere žrmlje kupiti, povezana s kakovostjo kamnine, iz katere so bile izdelane, in z njihovo ceno, na izbiro pa je v nekaterih primerih gotovo vplivala tudi lokalna tradicija.
Miasto Dukla w latach 1785–1789 w świetle metryki józefińskiej
Authors: Nowak Daniel Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

The subject of this article is the town of Dukla in the second half of the 1780s. It was created based on the first land cadaster of Galicia, i.e. the so-called Josephine cadastre compiled in 1785-1789. First, a general characterisation of the estate demesne with its seat in Dukla, then called dominium, its location in the Austrian administrative system, and the most critical issues related to the compilation of the Josephine cadastre are presented. Then, the focus is on two important issues. The first one concerns land understood mainly as the area of agricultural or woodland, including the division of Dukla into fields, their sizes, the acreage of parcels located on them, their category in terms of the manners of their cultivation, and the subject who ruled over them (manorial land, church land, townland and land belonging to burghers). The second part of the article presents land productivity during this period, i.e. how it was cultivated, the crops obtained in the form of grain and hay, and, in the case of forests, the timber harvested and their values in money and the taxation of land revenue.
Reformaci i bernardyni galicyjscy w XIX wieku
Authors: Sitnik Aleksander Krzysztof
Published: December 2024

In the 19th century there were two monastic provinces in Galicia: that of the Reformed Franciscans (the Reformati) and of the Bernardines (the Franciscan Observants). The Reformed Franciscans province was considerably smaller than the Bernardine one, both in terms of the number of monasteries and the monks. Both provinces, remaining under Austrian rule, struggled with the so-called Josephine system, which brought many hazards for the monastic life. Monasteries were getting empty, bishops would direct monks to work in parishes, state authorities made it difficult to admit candidates for religious orders and restricted any contact with central monastic authorities in Rome, monasteries suffered poverty. In that situation, some monks would return to secular life, and those working in parishes did not feel like returning to monasteries. Those who did used to indulge in embarrassing practices, like accepting money for their own needs without the superior’s consent. The superiors, in turn, would give up their posts, unable to meet the material needs of the congregation. Provincial superiors tried to maintain monastic discipline through inspections, sending out circulaires, and summoning provincial chapters. They found the formation of candidates for religious orders significant. They were able to set up their own monastic studies. Despite the many difficulties, the monks conducted intense pastoral activity in monastic churches. In the sanctuaries under their care, they tried to give the faithful access to the sacrament of penance. As far as it was possible, at the bishops’ request, they devoted themselves to missionary work in Galicia. They took special care of the Third Order. They served as confessors and chaplains to nuns. They built Stations of the Cross. They set up and ran schools, which, though not representing high intellectual level for various reasons, educated young people pretty well at the time when educational authorities did not have the right secular teaching staff. A few monks became famous for their pious lives.
Pochodzenie i kompetencje językowe oficerów rzeszowskiego 40. Pułku Piechoty „Ritter von Pino” w przededniu Wielkiej Wojny
Authors: Kułacz Sławomir
Published: December 2024

The paper examines the origins and language skills of the officers and cadets of the 40th Infantry Regiment “Ritter von Pino” on the eve of World War I. The research was based on the regiment’s seniority list from 1 July 1914. Additionally, more detailed personnel documents such as qualification lists (Qualifikationslisten) were used to shed light on interesting cases, including officers struggling with the Polish language and those proficient in it but ascribed to distant, German-speaking crown lands of Austria-Hungary. The paper focuses on the ratio of Polish-speaking officers to men, over 90 per cent of whom were Polish. Most officers and cadets (both career and reserve) stemmed from Czech lands. Those from Galicia constituted 23 per cent of the entire cohort. As far as language skills are concerned, most career officers demonstrated at least basic proficiency in Polish. Some officers lacked proficiency in any official language beyond German, indicating potential communication challenges.
The paper concludes by emphasising the significance of language proficiency within the regiment and its implications for communication, especially during the war. High losses among career officers meant that the importance of reserve officers grew, but most of them knew no Polish.
Zabudowa czynszowa z lat 1909–1913 przy ulicy Stanisława Moniuszki w Przemyślu – zagadnienia funkcjonalno-architektoniczne
Authors: Stojak-Pomykacz Natalia
Published: December 2024

The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century was a period of the most significant rapid development of Przemyśl in history – both in terms of territory and population. It was also a time of quickly passing fashions and dynamic progress in construction. The following article is another step towards periodization of the architectural heritage of this period. It is another part of research on the resource of tenement houses of Lwowskie Przedmieście in Przemyśl. Moniuszki Street was selected as the subject of the study as a small, closed resource divided into investment groups. The following work aims to compare the time of construction of the buildings with the aesthetic and construction solutions presented by the buildings (in terms of technology and construction) and the investors, along with a simultaneous analysis of the planning role of the city authorities in the formation of new districts of the then dynamically developing city of Przemyśl.
Inwentarz archiwalny z 1888 roku oraz notatka Stanisława Estreichera z podróży archiwalnej do Leska w 1896 roku jako przykład inwentaryzacji archiwów samorządowych na terenie Galicji na przełomie XIX i XX wieku
Authors: Więch Arkadiusz Stanisław
Published: December 2024

The 1880s and 1890s saw a heightened interest in archival issues. In Galicia, special attention was paid to inventorying preserved archive material. The focus of interest was particularly on town archives, which were not managed properly. Only Cracow, Lviv and Przemyśl had well-organized archives. The other towns and cities fell far behind, which resulted in Galician authorities issuing appropriate archive regulations. Also, Cracow archivists, like Stanisław Krzyżanowski and Stanisław Estreicher, took measures to secure and inventory the archive material in Galician provinces. They went on trips to inspect local archives and libraries. Then, they prepared accurate reports describing the conditions of preserving and storing the material. An example of such a report is a note made in 1896 by Stanisław Estreicher of his visit to Lisko (now Lesko).
Exploring glass recycling: Trends, technologies, and future trajectories
Authors: Baek Choong Real , Kim Hwidong D. , Jang Yong-Chul
Published: December 2024

Glass is a solid-like, chemically stable, and transparent material that is commonly used in many applications, including packaging, construction, consumer products, and automobile industries. In light of increasing global concerns over plastic pollution, there is a renewed focus on using glass alternatives to plastic materials. Challenges persist due to the weight, fragility, significant energy use, and resource consumption in the manufacturing process, despite its infinite recyclability and minimal environmental impacts. This study explored the overview of glass recycling, including the properties of glass, the current status of global recycling efforts, collection and recycling methods, challenges, and future directions. We created material flows of glass bottles by analyzing the recycling status and systems of selected countries with higher glass recycling rates and by using the most current data available. We also examined the current technologies used in collecting and recycling glass, and the future of glass recycling. Introducing renewable energy, a deposit return scheme (DRS), extended producer responsibility (EPR) system, and digitalization technologies at the recycling stage are expected to effectively enhance sustainable production and consumption of glass towards a circular economy.
Super-hydrophobic blended needle-punched nonwovens integrated with silica-aerogels for PM2.5 filtration
Authors: Yesuf Hanur Meku , Islam Syed Rashedul , Zhang Xueping , Qin Xiaohong
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the hydrophobic and PM2.5 filtration properties of blended needle-punched nonwovens with the treatment of silica-aerogel. The treatment was done by padding. The BET, SEM and FTIR studies were used to investigate the influence of silica-aerogel on needle-punched nonwovens such as surface properties and molecular interaction. All the treated samples showed super-hydrophobic properties with water contact angle (WCA) of around 154.2 - 154.79o, filtration efficiency of 99.07 - 99.21%, pressure drop of 72.83 - 79.71 Pa and dust-holding capacity of 3,459,520 - 3,472,060 particles/cm2. The findings demonstrated that silica-aerogel played a vital role in enhancing the hydrophobicity, filtration efficiency, dust-holding capacity and fabric density of blended needle-punched nonwovens with statistically significant performance (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in pressure drop, air permeability, porosity, and fabric thickness, which indicated that the treated samples could perform without structure loss as compared to the untreated.
The oak forest of the Dendropark “Оlexandria”. Part 2. Models of forest decline
Authors: Dragan Nina , Boiko Nataliia , Doiko Nataliia , Sylenko Oleksandr , Pydorich Yuriy
Published: December 2024

The results of new studies of the old natural forest of the “Оlexandria” State Dendrological Park of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine are presented. Complexes of negative factors in different forest areas caused different degradation models. Episodic decline in the 1980s due to abnormal climatic conditions and defoliation of oaks by xylophages are explained by Thomas’s model of decline with further interference with Macháčová’s model of decline. Without weather anomalies, the decline followed Houston’s model on a significant part of the timber for a long time. It was a linear process in which healthy trees weakened due to random negative factors and died as a result of the subsequent action of secondary pathogens. Most of the forest declined over a long time, according to Manion’s model. The initiating factor of decline was artificial, caused by anthropogenic pollution in the western part of the forest and interference with the integrity and structure in the central part. The latter was the most harmful for the forest, and it caused a strong ecotonization of the forest with a massive loss of oaks in the ecotones. The destruction of timber due to anthropogenic intervention was linear and irreversible. Under the action of factors of a non-anthropogenic nature, the destruction of the forest could be suspended if the action of adverse factors could be terminated. The modern aridization of the climate caused a significant deterioration of the oak forest, increased the loss of oak trees, and varied the patterns of decline in its anthropogenically transformed areas.
II. Meşrutiyet Dönemi Süreli Yayınlarında Pedagoji: Terbiye Mecmuası, Yeni Fikir, Muallim, Anadolu Terbiye Mecmuası Örnekleri
Authors: Davulcu Ebru , Temel Mustafa
Published: December 2024

Osmanlı Devletinde II. Meşrutiyet döneminde hız kazanan eğitimde modernleşme hareketleri, yeni nesil yetiştirme çalışmaları bakımından önemlidir. İçinde bulunulan siyasi ve toplumsal şartlar vatan ve milletin atisi için eğitimde yenileşmeye gitmeyi gerektirmiştir. Bu nedenle eğitimde millileşmeye doğru bir yönelim baş göstermiştir. Ayrıca bu dönemde, eğitimin bir bilim alanı olduğu daha etkin bir biçimde fark edilmiş, eğitim bir mesele olarak entelektüel bakış açısı ile yeniden ele alınmış, pedagojik yayınlar neşredilmiştir. Yayınlar içerisinde kitaplara nispeten, süreci topluma anlatan ve yaygınlaştıran gazete ve dergiler azdır. Basının kamuoyu oluşturmadaki rolü göz önünde bulundurulursa, bu dönemde eğitim meseleleri ile ilgili yayın yapan sayıca az gazete ve dergiler üzerinde inceleme yapmak önemlidir.
Bu çalışmada, Terbiye, Yeni Fikir, Muallim, Anadolu Terbiye Mecmuası üzerine inceleme yapılmıştır. Bu dergiler eğitim ve öğretim politikaları ile ilgili yayınladıkları makalelerin yanı sıra dönemin önde gelen aydın ve mektep adamlarından oluşan yazar kadroları ile de dikkat çekmektedirler.
Niteliksel yöntem kullanılarak yapılan ve betimsel, yazılı bir tarih araştırması olan çalışmada, literatür taranarak Osmanlı Devletindeki eğitim modernleşmesi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ardından dergilerin kimliği; idari, teknik, yapısal özellikleri aktarılmıştır. Son olarak dergilerdeki pedagojik içerikler “Eğitim ve Öğretim Faaliyetleri Üzerine Tartışmalar”, “Eğitim ve Öğretimde Kullanılan Modern Yöntem ve Teknikler”, “Eğitim ve Öğretimin Sosyal Boyutu: Mekteplerde Kişilerarası İlişkiler”, “Avrupa ve Amerika’daki Eğitim Öğretim Uygulamaları” şeklinde dört başlık altında tasnif edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir.
Dergilerde eğitimde inkılapların, derslerin ve ders planlarının güncellenmesinin, mekteplerde insani bir boyutta kişilerarası ilişkiler geliştirmenin gerekliliği üzerine durulmuştur. Ayrıca Avrupa ve Amerika’daki eğitim faaliyetleri hakkında bilgi verilmiş, Osmanlı Devletindeki çalışmalarla mukayeseye zemin hazırlanmıştır.
Fundamentos epistomológicos de la política agrícola común de la Unión Europea: hacia un paradigma pluralista
Authors: Pisoni Luigi
Published: December 2024

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es llevar a cabo una reflexión sobre los fundamentos epistemológicos propios de las políticas europeas para las áreas rurales. En particular, se evidencia el progresivo abandono de una visión inicial del mundo rural tendencialmente tecnocrática para llegar a un enfoque mayormente interdisciplinario del análisis económico y social, impulsado por las instituciones europeas. Aun teniendo en cuenta que la tarea de definir qué es lo rural no es sencilla, resulta evidente que en la actualidad la Unión Europea propone un paradigma pluralista como herramienta de análisis permanente del mundo rural. Asimismo, se releva una clara voluntad de la UE de construir un conocimiento a partir de los aportes de los distintos niveles territoriales, como respuesta a la exigencia de fomentar la participación local conforme a una efectiva aplicación del principio de subsidiariedad.
Las vidas paralelas de dos emprendedores inmigrantes: Torcuato Di Tella y Ezra Teubal
Authors: Aisenberg Igal , Rein Raanan
Published: December 2024

Este artículo arroja nueva luz sobre los derroteros de Ezra Teubal, el inmigrante judío de origen alepino que fue un protagonista de referencia en la industria textil argentina, y Torcuato Di Tella, que creó el emporio industrial más emblemático de la Argentina a mediados del siglo XX.  No pretende comparar dos empresas alineadas en sectores radicalmente diferentes. Tampoco aspira a confrontar el talento o el carácter individual de ambos. La brecha entre ellos abarca rasgos culturales, formación profesional, afinidades políticas y sobre todo identidades étnicas y religiosas. Sin embargo, la pertenencia a una misma generación y la condición de inmigrantes y emprendedores durante el mismo período formativo de la industrialización en Argentina, revelan varios puntos en común. El texto se centra en el desarrollo de las empresas que fundaron hasta la muerte prematura de Di Tella en 1948. Aunque Di Tella y Teubal no hayan sido rechazados por las élites de sus propios grupos étnicos, los dos no ejercieron funciones en instituciones líderes de sus respectivas comunidades.  Marginados o auto-marginados, ambos eran rara aves, el primero por su aislamiento de los grupos económicos italianos dominantes, el segundo por su enajenación idiosincrática y cultural del 90% de la judeidad argentina de origen askenazí. En cualquier caso, sin haber renegado sus profundas identidades italianas y judías, su liderazgo empresarial no tuvo manifestaciones de liderazgo étnico.
La Universidad de Buenos Aires y el Consejo Nacional de Educación: los instrumentos para el gobierno de la instrucción pública en los Centenarios
Authors: Guic Laura S.
Published: December 2024

El trabajo de investigación profundiza los instrumentos de gobierno que implementa el Consejo Superior de la Universidad de Buenos Aires y el Consejo Nacional de Educación, hacia el novecientos, un período en el que se consolida el sistema educativo argentino. Para el diseño e implementación de las políticas públicas educativas, la dirigencia formula y ejecuta estrategias de intervención, por un lado, e intervenciones estratégicas, por otro, a través de instrumentos de gobierno, definidos en forma primigenia como las herramientas con las que se articulan ambas dimensiones de la política.  Se emplea como metodología el enfoque rizomático que enlaza, en el examen de las políticas, el estudio de los instrumentos de gobierno, la hemerografía y la reconstrucción biográfica para las trayectorias políticas. La utilización articulada favorece el análisis y luego la comparación primera entre dos publicaciones entendidas como instrumentos de gobierno, que son producidas por dos organismos gubernamentales de la educación. Las fuentes primarias son la Revista de la Universidad de Buenos Aires y El Monitor de la Educación Común. Los datos exhiben que las revistas oficiales y educativas han sido instrumentos de gobierno que permiten conocer formas de instrumentar el funcionamiento de las políticas y las trayectorias de quienes las formulaban y publicaban.
Television and Women Empowerment: How Pakistani Private Channels portray Pakistani Women
Authors: Maleeha Hashmi
Published: December 2024

The continuous decline of Pakistan on Global Gender Gap Index calls for serious measures to curb the situation. Entertainment media appears as one among the major stake holders in this regard and women Empowerment is major tool to reduce the gap between genders. This research was designed to find the patterns in which women empowerment is being showcased through Pakistani Private Channels. The existing literature in the niche suggests the use of somehow stereotypical yard to measure empowerment i.e., level of education and job status. However, indicators to measure women empowerment, devised by institutions who are putting their effort to curb the gender gap such as World Bank, are often ignored. This researcher has utilised those indicators to measure women empowerment in Pakistani entertainment industry. ARY Digital, GEO Entertainment and HUM TV were selected for the research. Their prime-time dramas were analysed to explore the approaches of these channels. One of the key findings includes absence of political empowerment from drama content. Child bearing decisions were found as least attended indicator of women empowerment. Majority of the characters coded as empowered belonged to ARY.
IOT BASED SECURITY ALERT SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES
Authors: K Avinash Babu  , G Eswara Rao  , Dr.G. Aparna  , N. Sowmya
Published: December 2024

According to the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), just 32,826 of the 122,367 two-wheelersthat were stolen in India in 2011 were recovered, indicating that vehicle theft has become morecommon. Police and owners have little options when cars are taken from parking lots or streets andswiftly hidden, disassembled, or sold in nearby areas. In order to prevent theft and improve safety,this study suggests a cutting-edge car security system that combines GPS and GSM technology. Inthe event of theft or an accident, the system uses GPS to track the location of the car and GSM tosend alerts. Other features include a paint spray system to identify and discourage thieves, anelectric shock mechanism on the steering wheel, and cutoffs for the ignition and gasoline supply.The technology ensures immediate assistance in the event of an accident by providing the GPScoordinates and car number to the local police and the owner's family. This all-encompassingstrategy prioritizes human life and improves vehicle security by providing quick responses in anemergency.
Indicadores de Responsabilidad Social Universitaria desde el territorio: caso de aplicación
Authors: Fausti Marina , Lamas Mariela Carolina , Torres Carla Romina
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es mostrar la importancia de aplicar indicadores para medir la Responsabilidad Social Universitaria, especialmente, enfocados en el espacio donde la universidad se vincula con su entorno, es decir, en su participación social, en su integración con la comunidad. Esto, con el fin de generar informes de sustentabilidad que permitan la rendición de cuentas públicas, y también la comparación con otras universidades y con otros períodos. Asimismo, en este trabajo, se aborda una propuesta de indicadores propios y su aplicación a un caso concreto. Con este fin, se realiza un análisis específico sobre el Reporte de Sustentabilidad (gestión 2021-2023) de la Universidad Siglo21 (Argentina) como caso modélico y su implementación de indicadores de medición para reforzar los resultados con datos. Este artículo encuentra su fundamento en investigaciones previas que exploraron diversas metodologías de evaluación del impacto de las universidades en sus comunidades, una comparación de reportes de sustentabilidad publicados por otras Instituciones de Educación Superior y la determinación de los temas materiales propios de la universidad del caso.
THE PRESENCE OF SALMONELLA ENTERICA AND LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES ON POULTRY SLAUGHTER PLANT EQUIPMENT AFTER SANITATION PROCEDURES
Authors: Vidaković Knežević Suzana , Pelić Miloš , Žekić Marina , Knežević Slobodan , Vranešević Jelena , Ljubojević Pelić Dragana , Savić Sara
Published: December 2024

The persistence of Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes on poultry slaughter plant equipment and food contact surfaces is an important factor for food contamination. Both bacterial foodborne pathogens can form biofilms and survive stress caused by sanitation procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of contamination of poultry slaughter plant equipment by Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes after cleaning and disinfection.  Samples were taken from four areas of the poultry slaughter plant (i.e., slaughter line, cutting line, meat processing, and packing area) and evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR. In total 32.5% of samples were positive for Salmonella enterica, while 37.5% were positive for Listeria monocytogenes. Both Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes were most detected on the slaughter line, mostly after evisceration. Evisceration, or removal of the birds’ internal organs, may present a high-risk step of cross-contamination due to gut breakage and transfer of the contents to the skin, other carcass surfaces, and on equipment surfaces. This study indicates that poultry slaughter plant equipment may harbor foodborne pathogens like Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes after applying standard sanitation procedures.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Potensial yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah
Authors: Prayuda Yoga Wisnu , Arifin Johan
Published: December 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris faktor-faktor yang berpotensi mempengaruhi kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah di Indonesia pasca covid-19. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh kota dan kabupaten di seluruh Indonesia. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 80 kota dan kabupaten di Indonesia dengan jangka waktu 5 tahun. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa total aset, tingkat ketergantungan keuangan pemerintah daerah, dan leverage berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan pemerintah. Sedangkan, jumlah penduduk daerah, PAD, dan IPM tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja keuangan pemerintah.
An Analysis of President Joko Widodo's Economic Diplomacy from 2014 to 2024: Results in Foreign Investment and Global Trade Volume
Authors: Setiawan Asep
Published: December 2024

This research aims to analyze the economic diplomacy strategies undertaken by President Joko Widodo’s administration from 2014 to 2024, focusing on their effectiveness in enhancing Indonesia’s trade volume, attracting foreign direct investment (FDI), and addressing global economic challenges. By examining key initiatives, this study explores the interplay between trade agreements, regulatory reforms, and international partnerships that shaped Indonesia’s economic trajectory. The theoretical framework of this research is rooted in the concept of economic diplomacy, which encompasses the use of economic policies as instruments of foreign policy to advance national interests. Economic diplomacy involves negotiating trade agreements, attracting FDI, and leveraging international partnerships to foster economic growth and geopolitical influence. This study employs qualitative research methods, analyzing secondary data from scholarly journals, government reports, trade and FDI statistics, and publications by international institutions such as the World Bank and the IMF.  The findings indicate that President Joko Widodo’s economic diplomacy led to significant advancements in Indonesia’s economic standing. Between 2014 and 2022, Indonesia saw a notable increase in FDI attributed to regulatory reforms such as the Omnibus Law, which simplified business processes and reduced bureaucratic hurdles. Additionally, Indonesia’s active participation in multilateral agreements like the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) expanded trade opportunities. This paper contributes to the field of international economic diplomacy by providing a comprehensive analysis of Indonesia’s strategies under President Joko Widodo. It offers valuable insights for policymakers in Indonesia and other emerging economies, demonstrating how domestic reforms, international trade agreements, and strategic partnerships can bolster economic growth.
Dampak Instagram terhadap Implementasi Metode Al-Arba’in Finnahwi Wassorfi Wallughah di Pondok Pesantren Baitussakhi
Authors: Fatimatuzzahra Fatimatuzzahra , Gumiandari Septi
Published: December 2024

Metode dan media adalah hal yang sangat berpengaruh dalam proses pembelajaran, oleh karena itu guru hendaknya menggunakan metode serta media yang memadai cara belajar para muridnya. Oleh karena itu tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengenal metode al-arba’in finnahwi wassorfi wallugoh, mengetahui dampak Instagram sebagai media pembelajaran terhadap implementasi metode al-arba’in finnahwi wassorfi wallugoh, serta mengetahui peningkatan intelektual para santri dengan metode al-arba’in finnahwi wassorfi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah  studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif , melibatkan 3 santri dan 1 pengajar di pondok pesaantren Baitussakhi yang dipilih secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya sebuah peningkatan intelektual para santri setelah mengikuti atau mempelajari nahwu shorof dengan metode al-arba’in finnahwi wassorfi wallugoh dengan Instagram sebagai media belajarnya dengan adanya kemajuan yaitu adanya penambahan wawasan, dan dapat mengimplementasikan apa yang telah santri pelajari. Adapun dampak negatif dari penggunaan Instagram dalam pembelajaran metode al-arba’in finnahwi wassorfi wallugoh yaitu penggunaan kuota yang boros menjadi kendala bagi para pelajar dalam menggunakan Instagram sebagai media pembelajaran. Salah satu solusinya adalah dengan menyediakan fasilitas wifi di pondok pesantren Baitussakhi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi teknologi dalam pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan efektivitas pendidikan di pondok pesantren. Implikasinya, penyediaan fasilitas internet yang memadai menjadi kebutuhan mendesak agar pembelajaran berbasis media sosial dapat berlangsung tanpa hambatan. Studi ini merekomendasikan pengembangan metode pembelajaran berbasis teknologi lainnya untuk meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan Islam di era digital.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SIMULATION RESULTS OF DIELECTRIC LASER ACCELERATION OF NON-RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS IN TRANSPARENT AND REFLECTIVE PERIODIC
STRUCTURES
Authors: Beznosenko I.V. , Vasyliev A.V. , Sotnikov G.V. , Krivonosov G.O.
Published: December 2024

To support of our experimental studies on dielectric laser acceleration, numerical studies of laser acceleration of nonrelativistic electrons with the initial energy of 33.9 keV in transparent and reflective periodic structures are carried out. On the basis of computer simulations, the acceleration rates of electrons and the quality of their beams after acceleration in compact structures of different configurations were determined and compared. Prospective acceleration schemes are proposed, in particular with reflective periodic structures, which can provide higher rates of electron acceleration in periodic structures than in previously obtained studies.
INFLUENCE OF DISTANCE BETWEEN ANODE - METAL HYDRIDE CATHODES ON YIELD OF H־ IONS FROM PENNING DISCHARGE
Authors: Sereda I.M. , Hrechko Ya.O. , Vorobiev O.G.
Published: December 2024

The behavior of extracted axial current of H־ ions formed in plasma volume of Penning discharge with different distances between metal hydride cathodes and an anode is discussed. The discharge operation is ensured on hydrogen locally injected from metal hydride cathodes due to ion current impact from plasma. Efficient formation of H־ ion is achieved due to high vibrational excitation of hydrogen molecules because of nonequilibrium desorption process. It has been shown that at high magnetic field an increase of the H־ ion current is registered at the negative electric bias supply on a cathode. At low magnetic field H־
ions are pushed out by the negative space charge of anode layer which expands towards the axis. The optimal anode-cathode distance for effective yield of H־ ions was found.