bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Thyroid Dysfunction and Autoimmunity in Women With History of Miscarriage or Subfertility
Authors: Dhillon-Smith Rima K , Tobias Aurelio , Smith Paul P , Middleton Lee J , Sunner Kirandeep K , Baker Krystyna , Farrell-Carver Samantha , Bender-Atik Ruth , Agrawal Rina , Bhatia Kalsang , Chu Justin J , Edi-Osagie Edmond , Ewies Ayman , Ghobara Tarek , Gupta Pratima , Jurkovic Davor , Khalaf Yacoub , Mulbagal Khashia , Nunes Natalie , Overton Caroline , Quenby Siobhan , Rai Raj , Raine-Fenning Nick , Robinson Lynne , Ross Jackie , Sizer Andrew , Small Rachel , Underwood Martyn , Kilby Mark D , Daniels Jane , Thangaratinam Shakila , Chan Shiao , Boelaert Kristien , Coomarasamy Arri
Published: June 2020

Objective

To describe the prevalence of and factors associated with different thyroid dysfunction phenotypes in women who are asymptomatic preconception.

Design

Observational cohort study.

Setting

A total of 49 hospitals across the United Kingdom between 2011 and 2016.

Participants

Women aged 16 to 41years with history of miscarriage or subfertility trying for a pregnancy.

Methods

Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the binomial exact method. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify risk factors for thyroid disease.

Intervention

None.

Main Outcome Measure

Rates of thyroid dysfunction.

Results

Thyroid function and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) data were available for 19213 and 19237 women, respectively. The prevalence of abnormal thyroid function was 4.8% (95% CI, 4.5-5.1); euthyroidism was defined as levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) of 0.44 to 4.50 mIU/L and free thyroxine (fT4) of 10 to 21 pmol/L. Overt hypothyroidism (TSH > 4.50 mIU/L, fT4 < 10 pmol/L) was present in 0.2% of women (95% CI, 0.1-0.3) and overt hyperthyroidism (TSH < 0.44 mIU/L, fT4 > 21 pmol/L) was present in 0.3% (95% CI, 0.2-0.3). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) using an upper TSH concentration of 4.50 mIU/L was 2.4% (95% CI, 2.1-2.6). Lowering the upper TSH to 2.50 mIU/L resulted in higher rates of SCH, 19.9% (95% CI, 19.3-20.5). Multiple regression analyses showed increased odds of SCH (TSH > 4.50 mIU/L) with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.71; 95% CI, 1.13-2.57; P = 0.01) and Asian ethnicity (aOR 1.76; 95% CI, 1.31-2.37; P < 0.001), and increased odds of SCH (TSH ≥ 2.50 mIU/L) with subfertility (aOR 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04-1.29; P = 0.008). TPOAb positivity was prevalent in 9.5% of women (95% CI, 9.1-9.9).

Conclusions

The prevalence of undiagnosed overt thyroid disease is low. SCH and TPOAb are common, particularly in women with higher BMI or of Asian ethnicity. A TSH cutoff of 2.50 mIU/L to define SCH results in a significant proportion of women potentially requiring levothyroxine treatment.
Effects of Land versus Water Walking Interventions on Vascular Function in Older Adults
Authors: HAYNES ANDREW , NAYLOR LOUISE H. , SPENCE ANGELA L. , ROBEY ELISA , COX KAY L. , MASLEN BARBARA A. , LAUTENSCHLAGER NICOLA T. , CARTER HOWARD H. , AINSLIE PHILIP N. , GREEN DANIEL J.
Published: June 2020

Purpose

Endothelial dysfunction is an early and integral atherogenic event. Interventions that improve endothelial function also reduce cardiovascular risk. Due largely to the direct hemodynamic effects of repetitive exercise on the artery wall, exercise training has shown to enhance endothelial function. Land walking (LW) and water walking (WW) induce distinct hemodynamic responses, so the comparison of their effects provides an approach to study shear stress effects on endothelial function. We hypothesized that LW and WW training would have different effects on peripheral artery endothelial function.

Methods

Fifty-one sedentary, older (age = 61.9 ± 6.6 yr, 23.5% male) individuals were randomized into one of three groups: control (n = 16), or one of two exercise groups consisting of 3 × 50 min supervised and individually tailored walking sessions per week for 24 consecutive weeks, performed either on LW (n = 17) or on WW (n = 18). Brachial artery endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation) and smooth muscle cell function (glyceryl trinitrate administration) were tested in all participants before (week 0) and after (week 24) the intervention.

Results

Differences were apparent in flow-mediated dilation change between the LW group (week 0, 5.39% ± 0.71%, to week 24, 7.77% ± 0.78%; P = 0.009) and the control group (week 0, 5.87% ± 0.73%, to week 24, 5.78% ± 0.78%). No differences in artery dilation response were found after glyceryl trinitrate administration (all P > 0.05).

Conclusion

This study suggests that 6-month center-based LW may be superior to WW in terms of improvement in arterial endothelial function in older sedentary individuals.
Correlation of ultrasound placental diameter & thickness with gestational age
Authors: Njeze Ngozi R. , Ogbochukwu Joseph O. , Chinawa Josephat M.
Published: June 2020

Background & Objectives: Estimation of fetal maturity is common in obstetric practice especially when the women do not keep accurate menstrual records. An accurate establishment of expected date of delivery is fundamental to the management of both high risk and normal pregnancies. The objective of this study was to determine the placental diameter (PD), placental thickness (PT) and to establish a correlation between PD, PT and gestational age.

Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study that examines by means of ultrasonography the correlation between placental diameter and thickness with gestational age in Enugu, South East, Nigeria.

Results: A total of 400 healthy subjects were recruited in 3rd trimester of pregnancy having fulfilled the inclusion criteria. PD and PT in this study did not correlate with parity. There is a linear increase of gestational age and placental thickness and diameter. These increases heighten between 38th week gestation and 40 weeks’ gestation. 205.0±1.4, 43.00±0.0 to 215.0±1.4, 46.00±2.8 respectively.

Conclusion: Placental thickness and Placental diameter can be used to predict gestational age. It is therefore advised to use PT & PD in ultrasound obstetric assessment especially when Last menstrual period (LMP) is not clear.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1938

How to cite this:Njeze NR, Ogbochukwu JO, Chinawa JM. Correlation of ultrasound placental diameter & thickness with gestational age. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):1058-1062. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.1938

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Testing and tracking in the UK: A dynamic causal modelling study
Authors: Friston Karl J. , Parr Thomas , Zeidman Peter , Razi Adeel , Flandin Guillaume , Daunizeau Jean , Hulme Oliver J. , Billig Alexander J. , Litvak Vladimir , Price Cathy J. , Moran Rosalyn J. , Lambert Christian
Published: June 2020

By equipping a previously reported dynamic causal modelling of COVID-19 with an isolation state, we were able to model the effects of self-isolation consequent on testing and tracking. Specifically, we included a quarantine or isolation state occupied by people who believe they might be infected but are asymptomatic—and could only leave if they test negative. We recovered maximum posteriori estimates of the model parameters using time series of new cases, daily deaths, and tests for the UK. These parameters were used to simulate the trajectory of the outbreak in the UK over an 18-month period. Several clear-cut conclusions emerged from these simulations. For example, under plausible (graded) relaxations of social distancing, a rebound of infections is highly unlikely. The emergence of a second wave depends almost exclusively on the rate at which we lose immunity, inherited from the first wave. There exists no testing strategy that can attenuate mortality rates, other than by deferring or delaying a second wave. A testing and tracking policy—implemented at the present time—will defer any second wave beyond a time horizon of 18 months. Crucially, this deferment is within current testing capabilities (requiring an efficacy of tracing and tracking of about 20% of asymptomatic infected cases, with 50,000 tests per day). These conclusions are based upon a dynamic causal model for which we provide some construct and face validation—using a comparative analysis of the United Kingdom and Germany, supplemented with recent serological studies.
Gynandromorphy in Eulaema atleticana Nemésio (Apidae, Euglossini)
Authors: Silveira Maxwell Souza , Peixoto Maria Helena Pereira , Martins Celso Feitosa , Zanella Fernando César Vieira
Published: June 2020

A gynandromorph specimen of Eulaema atleticana Nemésio, the first registered in Eulaema, is described. The E. atleticana gynandromorph was captured using an eucalyptol scent trap, in the Mata do Buraquinho Reserve, an Atlantic Forest fragment. The study site has 550 ha and is located in the urban area of the Municipality of João Pessoa, State of Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. The specimen presents antero-posterior and bilateral asymmetry. The head presents only male morphological characteristics. The mesosoma is composed by male and female structures, with male fore and middle legs. The right hind tibia shows a mosaic of male and female characters, with rudiments of the tibial organ and a corbicula. The metasoma presents only female characters.

Gynandromorfia em Eulaema atleticana Nemésio (Apidae, Euglossini)

Resumo. É descrito um espécime ginandromorfo de Eulaema atleticana Nemésio. O primeiro registrado em Eulaema. O espécime foi coletado em armadilha de cheiro, na reserva da Mata do Buraquinho, um fragmento de Mata Atlântica, localizado no perímetro urbano da cidade de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Nordeste, Brasil. O espécime apresenta assimetria bilateral e anteroposterior. A cabeça possui apenas caracteres de macho. O mesossoma é composto por caracteres de macho e fêmea, com as pernas anteriores e medianas apresentando caracteres de macho. Nas pernas posteriores, a tíbia direita apresenta um mosaico de caracteres masculinos e femininos com rudimentos do órgão tibial e da corbícula. Todas as características do metassoma são de fêmea.
Sinopse dos Phasmatodea (Insecta) Descritos para o Brasil
Authors: Araujo Fernanda Figueiredo de , Garraffoni André Rinaldo Senna
Published: June 2020

A sistemática é a ciência que descreve, nomeia, classifica e determina as relações entre os seres vivos. Atualmente ela enfrenta alguns problemas como a falta de especialistas em alguns grupos e regiões pouco amostradas. Os fasmídeos ainda são pouco estudados no Brasil e não existe registro de especialistas na ordem, causando dessa forma, diversas dificuldades na identificação dos espécimes do táxon. Contudo, apesar desse baixo conhecimento é possível notar vários problemas taxonômicos e pouca literatura disponível. Com isso, este trabalho tem como objetivo reconhecer e listar as espécies de Phasmatodea originalmente descritos para o Brasil, além de tecer alguns comentários sobre o histórico taxonômico do grupo no país.

Synopsis of Phasmatodea (Insecta) Described from Brazil

Abstract. Systematics involves description, naming of taxa, classification and phylogenetics determination of evolutionary relationships among the living. The decline in taxonomists available and the lack of taxonomic expertise lead to the so-called taxonomical impediments. The diversity and distribution of the phasmids in Brazil is still little known as any taxonomist is available in the country. However, although this poor knowledge in the Brazilian phasmids, it is possible to observe many taxonomical problems, very few literatures available. Thus, in this paper we listed all species originally described from Brazil and pointed out some notes about the taxonomic history of the phasmids from Brazil.
Novas Plantas Hospedeiras para o Percevejo Fitófago Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Coreidae)
Authors: Pires Evaldo Martins , Ruffato Solenir , Manica Clovis Luiz Moraes , Soares Marcus Alvarenga , Lacerda Mabio Chrisley
Published: June 2020

Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) é um percevejo fitófago que pode ser encontrado em diversas culturas agrícolas devido à oferta de alimento e condições favoráveis ao seu desenvolvimento. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi registrar a ocorrência de L. zonatus em plantas de Malpighia emarginata Sessé & Moc (Malpighiaceae), Morus nigra Linnaeus (Moraceae), Mangifera indica Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) no município de Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brasil. Recomenda-se a inclusão de L. zonatus em monitoramentos visando o Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP) nestas plantas.

New Host Plants for Phytophagous Bug Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Coreidae)

Abstract. Leptoglossus zonatus (Dallas) (Hemiptera: Coreidae) is a phytophagous bug that can be found in several crops due to availability of food and favorable conditions for the development. The aim of this research was to record the occurrence of L. zonatus colonizing plants of Malpighia emarginata Sessé & Moc (Malpighiaceae), Morus nigra Linnaeus (Moraceae), Mangifera indica Linnaeus (Anacardiaceae) in Municipality of Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil. L. zonatus should be included in monitoring for the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in these plants.
Interfirm Exchange and Innovation in Platform Ecosystems: Evidence from Apple’s Worldwide Developers Conference
Authors: Foerderer Jens
Published: June 2020

Platform firms’ success depends on complementary innovation. This paper studies the relation between opportunities for interfirm exchange and complementary innovation. An empirical study of a sample of app developer firms attending Apple’s 2016 Worldwide Developers Conference suggests three findings. First, the opportunity to exchange stimulated innovation in the form of major app updates that received positive consumer feedback. Second, the effects were more pronounced for older and larger firms, potentially because these firms have more experience and resources to leverage exchanges and safeguard against knowledge spillovers. Third, part of the effects may be attributed to learning and collaborations.

This paper was accepted by Anandhi Bharadwaj, information systems.
The Vehicle Routing Problem with Partial Outsourcing
Authors: Baller Annelieke C. , Dabia Said , Dullaert Wout E. H. , Vigo Daniele
Published: June 2020

This paper introduces the vehicle routing problem with partial outsourcing (VRPPO) in which a customer can be served by a single private vehicle, by a common carrier, or by both a single private vehicle and a common carrier. As such, it is a variant of the vehicle routing problem with private fleet and common carrier (VRPPC). The objective of the VRPPO is to minimize fixed and variable costs of the private fleet plus the outsourcing cost. We propose two different path-based formulations for the VRPPO and solve these with a branch-and-price-and-cut solution method. For each path-based formulation, two different pricing procedures are designed and used when solving the linear relaxations by column generation. To assess the quality of the solution methods and gain insight in potential cost improvements compared with the VRPPC, we perform tests on two instance sets with up to 100 customers from the literature.
Acute myocardial injury common in patients with COVID-19
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: June 2020

In this monthly feature, Sarah Jane Palmer delves into topical news, the latest research and what the experts are saying on subjects related to cardiology and cardiac nursing practice.
Distal radius fractures in the elderly population
Authors: Luokkala Toni , Laitinen Minna K. , Hevonkorpi Teemu P. , Raittio Lauri , Mattila Ville M. , Launonen Antti P.
Published: June 2020

We found no clear evidence of the clinical superiority of distal radius fracture surgery among older adults at one year. Surgical treatment, however, may yield a faster recovery to previous level of activity in elderly patients. With operative treatment, hardware-based problems may warrant secondary operations and implant removal, whereas in non-operative treatment, symptomatic loss of alignment and malunion can occur. In elderly patients, non-operative treatment can be considered to be the gold standard.

Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2020;5:361-370. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.5.190060
Surface plasmon resonance-based silicon dual-core photonic crystal fiber polarization beam splitter at the mid-infrared spectral region
Authors: Qu Yuwei , Yuan Jinhui , Zhou Xian , Li Feng , Yan Binbin , Wu Qiang , Wang Kuiru , Sang Xinzhu , Long Keping , Yu Chongxiu
Published: June 2020

In this paper, a novel silicon dual-core photonic crystal fiber (Si-DC-PCF) polarization beam splitter (PBS) based on the surface plasmon resonance effect is proposed. The mode-coupling characteristics between theX- andY-polarized even and odd modes and surface plasmon polariton mode are analyzed by using the finite-element method and coupled-mode theory. The influences of the structure parameters of the Si-DC-PCF on the coupling length and coupling length ratio are investigated. The normalized output power of theX- andY-polarized modes in cores A and B and the corresponding extinction ratio are also discussed. By optimizing the structure parameters of the Si-DC-PCF, the PBS length of 192 µm and bandwidth of 830 and 730 nm in cores A and B are achieved. It is believed that the proposed Si-DC-PCF PBS can find important applications in mid-infrared laser and sensing systems.
Cross-spectral densities with helical-Cartesian phases
Authors: Mei Zhangrong , Korotkova Olga
Published: June 2020

We introduce a class of planar, stationary sources whose cross-spectral densities carry a combination of helical and Cartesian phases. The helical phase is linear, separable in polar coordinates, resulting in a vortex-like average intensity with a dark area centered on the optical axis; the Cartesian counterpart is separable in the x- and y-coordinates and is responsible for asymmetric average intensity redistribution along the x- and y-axes. While endless possibilities exist for modeling of the Cartesian phase factor, in this paper we employ a superposition of linear phases with arbitrarily assigned weighing factors. Such construction is analytically and experimentally useful in general and, in particular, as we show, for generation of asymmetric vortex lattices.
Single-shot omnidirectional Stokes polarimetry
Authors: Eshaghi Mahdi , Dogariu Aristide
Published: June 2020

Many active sensing applications benefit from measuring, as fast as possible, the polarization state of target reflections. Traditional polarimetry, however, relies on (1) the assumption of field transversality and (2) a given direction of wave propagation. When this is not known, one must regard the field as being three-dimensional, which inherently complicates the polarimetry due to experimental constraints imposed by the planar geometry of detector arrays. We demonstrate a single-shot, Stokes polarimetry approach that alleviates these limitations. The approach is based on the spatial Fourier analysis of the interference between the unknown wave and controlled reference fields.
The right to see and not be seen: South Korean musicals and young feminist activism
Authors: Jung Jiyoon
Published: June 2020

In South Korea, musicals are considered as ‘female culture’. Based on recent fieldwork, this essay gives attention to the ways in which female fans project themselves in three common spaces: in dark theatre auditoriums, online fan forums and feminist protests. In each of the three spaces, female musical fans nurture and enact their own version of feminism. I employ the discourse of ‘voyeurism’ and ‘half-visibility’ to understand how young South Korean women navigate patriarchal capitalist society. I ultimately argue that today’s South Korean musicals empower young South Korean women by providing safe spaces for feminism.
Music Direction for the Stage: A View from the Podium, Joseph Church (2015)
Authors: Castro Tony
Published: June 2020

Review of: Music Direction for the Stage: A View from the Podium, Joseph Church (2015)

New York: Oxford University Press, 392 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-19999-340-6, h/bk, £79.00
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in FABP4 gene associated with growth traits in Egyptian sheep
Authors: Shafey Heba Ibrahim , Mahrous Karima Fathy , Hassan Amal Ahmed Mohamed , Rushdi Hossam Eldin , Ibrahim Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Mohamed
Published: June 2020

Aim: The present study was performed to assess the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) gene with birth weight (BW), final weight (FW), and average daily gain (ADG) in three Egyptian sheep breeds.

Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples of 50 male and female individuals representing Ossimi, Rahmani, and Barki sheep breeds. A 407 bp nucleotide (nt) segment from the first intron of FABP4 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction, sequenced, and analyzed in the different samples.

Results: Sequence analysis of the determined segment (407 bp) revealed four SNPs (all transition types) at nt position 372 (CP011894.1:g.57605471) A>G, nt position 211 (CP011894.1:g.57605632) A>G, nt position 143 (CP011894.1:g.57605700) T>C, and nt position 111 (CP011894.1:g.57605732) T>C. The allelic and genotypic frequencies for the identified SNPs in the sheep breeds were calculated. At nt positions 372 and 211, two alleles were identified (A and G). Only two genotypes were present at nt position 372 (AA and AG), while three genotypes were present at nt position 211 (AA, AG, and GG). Two alleles (T and C) and three identified genotypes (TT, TC, and CC) were detected at nt positions 143 and 111. Analysis of the results revealed that AA genotype at nt position 372 is associated with higher estimates for BW, FW, and ADG when compared to all the other genotypes. Very high correlation coefficients were found between the genotypes 143-TT and 111-TT and also between 143-TC and 111-TC. The genotypes 372-AG, 211-GG, 211-AA, 143-TT, 143-CC, 111-TT, 111-TC, and 111-CC were associated with negative effects on BW, FW, and ADG.

Conclusion: The detection of four SNPs in a partial sequence of the Egyptian ovine FABP4 gene intron 1 reflected that this gene harbors substantial diversity. In addition, a novel SNP at nt position 372 (CP011894.1:g.57605471) A>G was associated with higher estimates for BW, FW, and ADG.
Eingeschlossene Räume
Authors: Zettl Nepomuk
Published: June 2020

Von Georges Méliès über Alfred Hitchcock bis hin zu David Lynch - das Motiv der Box taucht in der Filmgeschichte immer wieder auf. Dabei konfrontiert es die BetrachterInnen mit einem medialen Paradox: Die Box ist sichtbar und umschließt zugleich einen Raum, der verborgen bleibt. Als Motiv birgt jede Box eine eigene Geschichte, die sich im Laufe des Films entfaltet. Damit ermöglicht sie eine kritische Perspektive auf das, was scheinbar selbsterklärend vor unseren Augen liegt. Ausgehend von konkreten Filmanalysen untersucht Nepomuk Zettl räumliche Einschlüsse im Film auf ihre narrativen, ästhetischen und epistemologischen Dimensionen und legt damit die erste Studie zu diesem omnipräsenten, aber bislang übersehenen Motiv vor.
Wahrheit und Revolution
Authors: Bohlender Matthias , Schönfelder Anna-Sophie , Spekker Matthias
Published: June 2020

Dass Marx' Gesellschaftskritik den wissenschaftlichen Anspruch hat, wahr zu sein, scheint selbstverständlich. Doch was für ein Wahrheitsverständnis liegt einem Denken zugrunde, das die gesellschaftlichen und politischen Verhältnisse im Hinblick auf die Möglichkeit ihrer praktischen Umwälzung zu begreifen versucht? Dieser Frage wird in drei Studien nachgegangen, die anhand der Marx'schen Überlegungen zur Organisierung revolutionärer Subjektivität, seiner journalistischen Arbeiten sowie seiner Kritik der politischen Ökonomie den immanenten Zusammenhang von wissenschaftlichem Wahrheitsanspruch und Revolutionsperspektive in Marx' Werk herausarbeiten. Dadurch eröffnet sich zugleich der Blick auf eine zentrale Problematik jeder modernen Gesellschaftskritik, die einen begründeten Anspruch auf Wahrheit hat.
In Würde lernen
Authors: Reimann-Pöhlsen Inga
Published: June 2020

Thematische Unterrichtszugänge verfehlen bei Schüler*innen bisweilen ihr Ziel. Lernen fällt dadurch schwer, Misserfolge stellen sich ein und über die Zeit wachsen aus der psychischen Belastung oft Gefühle der Hilf- und Wertlosigkeit. Lernwelten zu schaffen, in denen man einprägsamen Momenten Lernprozesse zuführen kann, unterstützt erfolgreiches Arbeiten. Inga Reimann-Pöhlsen macht mit ihrer Studie die subjektiv wahrgenommene Lernumgebung mit ihren besonders wirksamen Momenten sichtbar. Damit liefert sie die Grundlage für Vorschläge von Lernsituationen, die angstfreies und selbstbestimmtes Lernen in Würde fördern und Erfolgserlebnisse bei Kindern unterschiedlicher Lernvoraussetzungen maximieren.
Friedensgutachten 2020
Authors:   BICC Bonn International Center for Conversion,   HSFK Leibniz-Institut Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung,   IFSH Institut für Friedensforschung und Sicherheitspolitik an der Universität Hamburg,   INEF Institut für Entwicklung und Frieden
Published: June 2020

Die Corona-Pandemie bestimmt aktuell Politik und Gesellschaft. Vor allem in ärmeren Weltregionen verstärkt sie die Gefahren für Frieden und Sicherheit. Zugleich bestehen andere Friedensrisiken fort: der Klimawandel, die Einschränkung bürgerlicher Rechte, ein drohendes Wettrüsten im Cyberraum, die Rivalitäten der Großmächte und die Zunahme rechter Gewalt. Gerade angesichts der Krise bedarf es internationaler Zusammenarbeit, um Frieden zu sichern - und einer proaktiven EU, die diese Kooperation vorantreibt, sowohl innerhalb Europas als auch global. Das Friedensgutachten 2020 analysiert vor diesem Hintergrund aktuelle Gewaltkonflikte, zeigt Trends der internationalen Außen-, Sicherheits- und Entwicklungspolitik auf und gibt Empfehlungen für Bundesregierung und Bundestag. Die deutschen Friedensforschungsinstitute (BICC/HSF/IFSH/INEF) geben das Gutachten seit 1987 heraus.
Desdobramentos da Teoria da Subjetividade no campo da educação
Authors: Mitjáns Martínez Albertina , Goulart Daniel Magalhães , Torres José Fernando Palatiño
Published: June 2020

O presente dossiê, intitulado “Desdobramentos da Teoria da Subjetividade no campo da educação”,reúne autores de diferentes instituições do Brasil cujos trabalhos dialogam com o referencial daTeoria daSubjetividade em uma aproximação cultural-histórica. Esta coletânea de artigos está mobilizada por uma condição diferenciada e especial: o falecimento do criador da Teoria da Subjetividade, Fernando González Rey, durante a elaboração deste dossiê, do qualfoi um de seusorganizadores. González Rey participou pessoalmente da gênese deste dossiê, colaborando em seus delineamentos, temas e convites realizados aos autores do artigo–razão pela qual sua publicação setorna realmenteuma homenagem àsua vida e obra.
EROSÃO MARGINAL: MUDANÇAS GEOMORFOLÓGICAS NO RIO TELES PIRES (MT) DECORRENTE DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DE UM BARRAMENTO
Authors: Nalis Paiva da Silva Andrade Leila , Bianchessi da Cunha Santino Marcela , Alves de Souza Celia , Leandro da Silva Fabio , Babilônia de Sousa Juberto , Campos de Miranda Cristiano
Published: June 2020

A pesquisa teve como objetivo quantificar a erosão marginal e identificar os efeitos hidrológicos e geomorfológicos com a instalação e funcionamento da Usina Hidrelétrica - UHE Colider. Foram realizados: levantamento bibliográfico; trabalho de campo no período de dois anos para coleta de solo, instrumentalização e monitoramento da erosão marginal; trabalho de gabinete com confecção de croquis, cálculo da magnitude da erosão e análise em laboratório. Averiguou-se que as margens erodiram lentamente, passando a incidir o processo de abrasão. No entanto, pode-se constatar que a erosão aumentou 12% em 2018 se comparada a 2017. Ao correlacionar os fatores (velocidade, vazão, inclinação, altura do barranco e outros) verificou-se que Análise do Componente Principal explicou 63% da variação observada. No reservatório as margens e várias ilhas foram submersas, prejudicando o habitat de várias espécies. Conforme as transformações ocorridas com a instalação da UHE Colider, se não forem tomadas medidas de contensão das erosões marginais, provavelmente ocorrerá aumento dos processos erosivos.
ANÁLISE DA FRAGMENTAÇÃO DA PAISAGEM DO MUNICÍPIO DE NOVA MARILÂNDIA-MT, BRASIL
Authors: Perlandim Ramos Alexander Webber , Dos Santos Galvanin Edinéia Aparecida , Alves da Silva Neves Sandra Mara
Published: June 2020

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o estado de fragmentação da paisagem do município de Nova Marilândia – Mato Grosso, visando a geração de informações que subsidiem a proposição de estratégias de planejamento para conservação e restauração da funcionalidade da paisagem. Os mapas de cobertura vegetal e usos da terra foram gerados a partir de imagens dos satélites Landsat 5, dos anos de 1998 e 2008, e Landsat 8, de 2018. Foram realizados os processos de georreferenciamento, recorte e classificação. A aplicação dos cálculos estatísticos relativos à estrutura da paisagem foi operacionalizada no programa Fragstats. No período de análise, houve alta antropização na paisagem do município, implicando na redução das áreas das classes de Vegetação Natural Florestal (10,49%) e Formação Savânica (20,95%), e um crescimento das áreas de Pastagem (36,00%) e Agricultura (103,74%), resultando no aumento da fragmentação da paisagem municipal. Concluiu-se que ocorreu um aumento da complexidade das formas e nas distâncias entre os fragmentos de vegetação nativa e a redução da conectividade funcional, ocasionada pelo crescimento expressivo das áreas de Agricultura e Pastagem, que se constituem como as principais bases econômicas do município.
A ASSISTÊNCIA ONCOLÓGICA NO SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SAÚDE: O CASO DO CÂNCER DE MAMA NO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Magalhães Sandra Célia Muniz , Alves Mônica Oliveira , Santos Flávia de Oliveira
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo discutir a regionalização e a organização dos serviços de saúde para assistência ao usuário com câncer de mama no Norte de Minas Gerais. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados consistiram em pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, observação in loco, além da utilização de dados disponibilizados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e pelo Instituto Nacional do Câncer. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram o esforço existente por parte do sistema público em parceria com o setor privado para melhorar a assistência oncológica na região. Contudo, os recursos disponíveis, tanto os tecnológicos, como humanos ou estruturais, ainda são poucos e ineficientes para atenderem à demanda, gerando imensas filas nos dias de atendimento e demora na marcação de consultas e exames. Nota-se, ainda, que no Norte de Minas Gerais, a assistência oncológica está concentrada em uma única cidade dentro da Região Ampliada de Saúde, sendo necessária a descentralização desses serviços para melhor atender à demanda por tratamento da doença. Ressalta-se que quem luta contra o câncer luta também contra o tempo, principal opositor para uma possível cura da doença.
The Needs for Determining Degradation Risks from Temperature and Relative Humidity of Post-Byzantine Church Indoor Environment
Authors: SHUMKA Laura , PERI Leonidha , LATO Entela
Published: June 2020

Monitoring and dealing with particular conditions related to relative humidity (RH) and temperature within different cultural objects including post-byzantine churches are of primary importance for the current conservation and advancement. The objective of this paper is to explore and discuss how standards can be implemented and guide the decision processes in order to facilitate a sustainable management of cultural buildings. Following the particularities of the interface of Mediterranean and continental climate conditions, here is introduced a general climate risk assessment method, which determines how indoor climates fit into the selected post-byzantine cultural objects in Albania. A relative humidity over 75% and temperature frequently over 30°C within several churches is been assessed as a high risk of sudden or cumulative mechanical damage to most artefacts and paintings because of high humidity. Predicting preservation is an important aspect in preventing damage to objects. This paper also describes the historical and scientific background to the current discussions.
Typology of Territories by the Accessibility of Social Services. Example of the Great Silk Road Zone of Influence
Authors: IVANOVA Sembrika Nimaevna
Published: June 2020

A typology of territories by the accessibility of social services based on the assessment of social capacity is presented. Methods of comparative analysis, as well as economic and statistical methods, are used. A methodology is developed to assess social capacity, using open statistical indicators. Territories of national, subnational, regional, and local levels are identified. The developed methodological tools for assessing the social capacity of territories allow developing a typology of territories at the regional and local levels by the accessibility of social services. The method of assessing social capacity allows assessing the infrastructure development of the territory for developing strategies for the spatial development of territories. The methodology for assessing social capacity is based on the calculation of total indices of accessibility of social services. The indicators of social development of the reference territory with the maximum values are used as the maximum parameters for calculating the social capacity of territories. The differentiation of social development indicators of reference territories by countries, due to differences in standards for providing social services, is revealed.
Sustainable Ecological Development of the Global Economic System. The Institutional Aspect
Authors: DOVGAL Olena , GONCHARENKO Nataliia , RESHETNYAK Olena , DOVGAL Georgiy , DANKO Natalia , SHUBA Tetiana
Published: June 2020

Socio-ecological-economic relations and the institutional environment are shaped and changed in complex interaction. The main aim of this research is an institutional format development of the interaction of economic, social and environmental components of the global economic system, which could regulate the impact of institutional mechanisms and instruments of implementing the principles of ecological growth on the global economic system, for ensuring sustainable ecological development of the world economy. The methodological basis of the article is the general scientific methods of scientific research: induction and deduction, comparative analysis and synthesis, generalization and realization of results, as well as historical and methods of logical analysis and abstract modeling. 

The article summarizes the main findings obtained from the study of the institutional aspect of ensuring sustainable ecological development of the global economic system. The search for strategic priorities for the development of global economic systems has necessitated considering the need for complex institutional changes, which should contribute to ensuring socio-economic growth in the context of limited natural resources and the need to solve global environmental problems. In present research the authors have systematized and analyzed institutional instruments required for regulating ecological and economic relations and institutional leverage for increasing the appeal of environmental protection measures. The authors have proposed an institutional format for the interaction of economic, social and environmental components of the global economic system, which is the basis for policy development towards creating and developing a system of environmentally sensitive administration and management in the framework of green global economic development.
Novel Code Plagiarism Detection Based on Abstract Syntax Tree and Fuzzy Petri Nets
Authors: Shen Victor R. L.
Published: June 2020

Those students who major in computer science and/or engineering are required to design program codes in a variety of programming languages. However, many students submit their source codes they get from the Internet or friends with no or few modifications. Detecting the code plagiarisms done by students is very time-consuming and leads to the problems of unfair learning performance evaluation. This paper proposes a novel method to detect the source code plagiarisms by using a high-level fuzzy Petri net (HLFPN) based on abstract syntax tree (AST). First, the AST of each source code is generated after the lexical and syntactic analyses have been done. Second, token sequence is generated based on the AST. Using the AST can effectively detect the code plagiarism by changing the identifier or program statement order. Finally, the generated token sequences are compared with one another using an HLFPN to determine the code plagiarism. Furthermore, the experimental results have indicated that we can make better determination to detect the code plagiarism.
A Robust Grey Wolf-based Deep Learning for Brain Tumour Detection in MR Images
Authors: A. Geetha Geetha , N. Gomathi Gomathi
Published: June 2020

In recent times, the detection of brain tumour is a common fatality in the field of the health community. Generally, the brain tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue where the cells grow up and increase uncontrollably, apparently unregulated by mechanisms that control cells. A number of techniques have been developed so far; however, the time consumption in detecting brain tumor is still a challenge in the field of image processing.  This paper intends to propose a new detection model even accurately. The model includes certain processes like Preprocessing, Segmentation, Feature Extraction and Classification. Particularly, two extreme processes like contrast enhancement and skull stripping are processed under initial phase, in the segmentation process, this paper uses Fuzzy Means Clustering (FCM) algorithm. Both Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) as well as Gray-Level Run-Length Matrix (GRLM) features are extracted in feature extraction phase. Moreover, this paper uses Deep Belief Network (DBN) for classification. The DBN is integrated with the optimization approach, and hence this paper introduces the optimized DBN, for which Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) is used here.  The proposed model is termed as GW-DBN model. The proposed model compares its performance over other conventional methods in terms of Accuracy, Specificity, Sensitivity, Precision, Negative Predictive Value (NPV), F1Score and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), False negative rate (FNR), False positive rate (FPR) and False Discovery Rate (FDR), and proven the superiority of proposed work.
Analysis the effect of Diffraction Phenomena by Complex Shapes with Hybrid MOM-GTD Method
Authors: Samir Mendil , Taoufik Aguili
Published: June 2020

This article deals with a hybrid method combining the method of moments (MOM) with the general theory of diffraction (GTD). This hybrid approach is used to analyze antennas located near perfectly Bodies of arbitrary curved shape. Some examples, e.g. an antenna mounted near a perfect conductor cylinder with two plates, demonstrates that the hybrid approach is the most suitable technique for modeling large-scale objects and arbitrary shapes. This approach allows us to resolve the problem, that the other methods can’t solve it alone. Generally, random radiation locates on or near an arbitrary form, can be solved using this technique hence the strong advantages of our method.
THE ANALYSIS IS FOR THE DESIGN OF DIFFERENT CLUB FACE’S THICKNESSES OF FAIRWAY WOOD TO THE CHARACTERISTIC TIME
Authors: Kuo Kueipin
Published: June 2020

Background: The main factors to influence on the stroking performance of club head are alloy and spring-like effect. Design the structure of new club face to create the fairway wood which can show best stroking feeling and let driving distance become longer. Purpose: The club face of fairway wood is processed through the iron alloy heating procedure and CNC to innovate the club head with high spring-like effect (characteristic time). Method: (1) Use 455 stainless steel processed by heating and aging treatment, to do the analysis on microstructure and mechanical properties. (2) Through CNC to design seven different patterns for the back of club face, each pattern for three club head. The total amount is twenty-one. (3) Make finished product be test the characteristic time and the ability of strike by the practical measurement. (4) To analyze after the compare between three-way ANOVA and LSD. Results: After 455 stainless steel was heated in procedure S850℃-A550℃, mechanical properties became superior and had the better malleability, it is suitable for developing the club face of high spring-like effect. Before and after grinding among three-way ANOVA (pattern*thickness*place), did not achieve the significant level on the figure of characteristic time. Through two-way ANOVA (pattern*place and thickness*place), showed the significant deviation before and after grinding. After doing the crash test by 45m/s, all the results can reach the higher limited standard. Summary: 455 stainless steel was designed with the different club face’s thicknesses of fairway wood can make spring-like effect achieve high characteristic time. The much thinner club face let the characteristic time perform highly. But there was no obvious effects from the patterns of the back club face.
VIRTUAL LABORATORIES AS STRATEGY FOR TEACHING IMPROVEMENT IN MATH SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING IN BOLIVIA
Authors: Vargas Francisco
Published: June 2020

The vertiginous technological advancement has made necessary the use of computersoftware that contributes to the improvement of teaching in math sciences and engineering.It is in this context that the last five years the strategy presented in this article has been disseminatedin the main universities of Bolivia, a country where the schools have not yet been ableto offer basic disciplines such as calculus, matrix algebra, physics and/or differential equationsto solve problems considering applicative aspects. To establish this connection, it is necessaryto deduce differential equations associated with practical problems, solve these equationswith different numerical algorithms, and establish the concept of simulation to later introducelanguages like Python/VPython free of license to elaborate Virtual Laboratories that allow obtainingthe solutions in two and three dimensions. The classical problems addressed for thispurpose are the satellite of two degrees of freedom and the inverted pendulum.
Karakteristik Yakuwarigo dalam Tokoh Anime Gintama
Authors: Maulina Izzatul , Nurjaleka Lisda
Published: June 2020

This study aims to analyze and categorize the type of yakuwarigo or role language on the Anime of Gintama. Role language, or known as Yakuwarigo in Japanese, is a set of language features associated with a particular type of character in the virtual world. The characteristic of these languages variation such as vocabulary, grammar, intonation, and accent patterns. (Kinsui, 2003). This study also investigates the function of these language variation types focusing on the yakuwarigo types in Anime Gintama. The data collection technique that was used is the note technique. The data analysis technique used in this study was the reading markah analysis technique followed by a descriptive qualitative data analysis technique to present the results of the data analysis. The results show that the type of Yakuwarigo found in Anime Gintama shows the variation of the character itself. Seven types of yakuwarigo seen from 10 Gintama anime characters, namely, aruyo kotoba, hakase go, onee kotoba, joseigo, danseigo, chara gobi, and Osaka ben. And the particular type of the yakuwarigo’s characteristics was shujoshi and specific types of expression used by these characters.
Dengue Infection: A Hidden Cause of Acute Insult in a Case of Acute on Chronic Liver Failure in Endemic Area
Authors: Paul Jayanta
Published: June 2020

Acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) can be precipitated by several factors such as bacterial infection, alcohol intake, viral hepatitis, surgery, etc. Identification of precipitating factor is an important part of management of ACLF. A middle aged gentleman was presented with features of acute liver failure and after through history and investigations, he was diagnosed as acute on chronic liver failure. Chronic liver disease was first diagnosed after this event of acute insult. Precipitating factor of ACLF was dengue fever in this case report. Therefore, in endemic area of dengue infection, dengue serology tests which are not routinely done should be advised to identify dengue infection as an acute insult in ACLF.
Painless thyroiditis in a dupilumab-treated patient
Authors: Narantsatsral Daramjav , Junko Takagi , Hideyuki Iwayama , Daisuke Inukai , Hiroyuki Takama , Yuka Nomura , Syo Hirase , Hiroyuki Morita , Kazuo Otake , Tetsuya Ogawa , Akiyoshi Takami
Published: June 2020

Dupilumab an inhibitor of the interleukin (IL)-4R-alpha subunit is used for the treatment of allergic diseases. The patient was a 49-year-old man who received dupilumab for the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis. He presented hyperthyroidism with elevated thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid antibody negativity at 4 months after the initiation of therapy. On scintigraphy, the thyroid radioiodine uptake was low. Ultrasonography showed a diffuse hypoechoic area in the thyroid gland. A pathological study revealed lymphocytic infiltration. The administration of dupilumab was continued because of his atopic dermatitis that showed an excellent response. The patient`s hyperthyroidism changed to hypothyroidism 3 weeks later. Six months later his thyroid function normalized without any treatment. We herein describe the case of a patient with atopic dermatitis who developed painless thyroiditis under treatment with dupilumab. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of this event in the literature.

Learning points:

Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, has been shown to be effective in the treatment atopic dermatitis and asthma with eosinophilia.

Painless thyroiditis is characterized by transient hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism and recovery without anti-thyroid treatment.

This is the first report of painless thyroiditis as an adverse effect of dupilumab, although conjunctivitis and nasopharyngitis are the main adverse effects of dupilumab.