bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Retrospective Analysis of the Application of the Newly Proposed International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytopathology on Serous Effusion Specimens: An Institutional Experience
Authors: Rajeswaran Priyadarshini Kumaraswamy , Srinivasan Vidhyalakshmi , Mahesh Swaathi Shri Venkatasubramanian , Ashok Arsha Usha
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The International Academy of Cytology and the American Society of Cytopathology recently proposed the International System for Reporting Serous Fluid Cytology (ISRSFC) to standardize serous fluid cytopathology reporting and guide further clinical management. The current study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilizing ISRSFC reporting categories for serous fluids, estimate the risk of malignancy (ROM) of each category, and scrutinize if the management protocols followed in our institution are as per the ISRFSFC recommendations. Methods: All pleural, peritoneal, and pericardial effusions submitted for evaluation at our institute between January 2021 and December 2021 were retrieved. All these cases were reviewed and re-categorized into one of the five categories proposed by the ISRSFC: non-diagnostic (ND), negative for malignancy (NFM), atypia of uncertain significance (AUS), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), and malignant (MAL), and ROM was calculated for each category. Results: The present study examined 596 serous effusions, of which 229 were pleural effusions, 358 were peritoneal effusions, and the remaining nine were pericardial effusions. Among 596 cases, 395 cases had a radiological or histological follow-up. The serous effusion samples were re-categorized as 61 (10.2%) ND, 449 (75.3%) NFM, 47 (7.8%) AUS, 17 (2.9%) SFM, and 22 (3.8%) MAL, and ROM for each above category were 10%, 4.4%, 19%, 83.3%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: Categorizing serous effusion cytology samples per the ISRSFC diagnostic categories reduces reporting variability. The ISRSFC provides a standardized format to predict the ROM and thus improves the quality of clinical care.
An Effect of a Porous Structure, Slip Velocity and Rosensweig’s Viscosity on the Ferrofluid Based Squeeze Film in Porous Curved Annular Plates
Authors: Patel Niru C. , Patel Jimit R. , Deheri G. M.
Published: December 2022

An endeavor has been made to analyze porous squeeze film performance in curved annular plates considering slip velocity, Kozeny-Carman’s porous structure and Rosensweig’s viscosity in Shliomis model-based magnetic fluid lubrication. The globular sphere model of Kozeny-Carman
for porous facing is adopted here. An extension of the Einstein’s viscosity for ferrofluid proposed by Rosensweig is considered here to improve the viscosity of ferrofluid for the Shliomis model, while Beavers and Joseph’s slip model is used for evaluating the slip effect. The
pressure and load lifting capacity in dimensionless form is obtained by modifying the Reynolds equation incorporating the Rosensweig’s viscosity, Kozeny-Carman’s model-based porosity, slip and Shliomis model-based ferofluid lubrication. The graphical representation reveals that
load carrying capacity (LCC) can be increased by increasing the curvature of upper plates, volume concentration and magnetization parameter but decrease with the slip velocity, porous structure parameter and porosity parameter. This study indicates that the load-bearing capacity remains higher
as compared to the case of Einstein’s viscosity model. However, this investigation conclusively establishes that the Shliomis model goes ahead of the other two magnetic fluid flow models in overall improvement of bearing performance characteristics. Interestingly, even considerable amount
of slip may not pose a serious problem when Kozeny-Carman’s model is resorted to. This investigation reveals that this type of bearing system sustains good amount of load even in the absence of flow which does not happen in the case of conventional bearing system.
Thermal Performances of Copper and Silver Nanomaterials with Fluctuated Boundary Layers
Authors: Al-Khaled Kamel , Hassan Mohsan , Eelmonser Hedi , Ayadi Mohamed , Chammam Wathek , Khan Sami Ullah
Published: December 2022

The development and structure of hybrid nanofluid accounted via rotating disk is explored in this investigation. The hybrid prospective of heat transfer is inspected with uniform suspension of silver nanoparticles and copper nanomaterial. The thermo-hydrodynamic theory of nanomaterials
is followed for attaining the governing expressions for the hybrid nanofluid model to rotation of disk. The thermo-diffusion aspect for the nanofluids following the hybrid model is listed. The uniform suspension for both nanomaterials is done with water base fluid. The velocity change and
enhancement of heat transfer for the hybrid nanofluid model is addressed along the radial direction. The diverse pattern of boundary layer is inspected. The graphical outcomes convey that more thicker thermal boundary layer is results against the increasing nano = articles concentration. The
thermal mechanism of various base materials can be effectively improved with proper utilization of hybrid nanoparticles. The improvement in in coefficient indicates the larger distribution in the heated fluid layer. In the case of Ag/water nanofluid, distribution of the heat is not faster
as in Ag/water nanoparticles and this deficiency is improved by using hybrid nonmaterial.
The Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Properties and Pressure Drop of a Corrugated Plate Heat Exchanger Using a Chemically Synthesised Zinc Oxide/Alkaline Water Nano Fluid
Authors: Anish M. , Raja Ignatius , Rahul K. , Jayaprabakar J. , Joy Nivin , Bency P.
Published: December 2022

An experiment is performed to study the effects of chemically synthesized Zinc Oxide-Alkaline/water nanofluid on the pressure drop and heat convection properties of a corrugated plate heat exchanger. Nanofluids are chemically synthesised ZnO nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 200 nm to 99% purity. The weight and Reynolds number of these particles are studied to define the heat transfer properties of the finished products. The heat transfer characteristics of chemically produced ZnO are examined as a work of weight percentage and Reynolds number. In addition, the effect of adding nanoparticles to alkaline water on heat transfer coefficient is studied. The effect of increasing the nanoparticle weight concentrations and Reynolds number on the heat transfer characteristics of chemically produced ZnO-Alkaline/Water nano fluid is investigated. The results show that increasing the weight concentration of nanofluid in the corrugated plate heat exchanger enhances the heat transfer properties. At 0.2%, 0.6%, and 1.0% weight fractions of nanoparticles, the highest argumentation of the nanofluid heat transfer rate is approximately 8.6%, 16.7%, and 29.4%, respectively.
Steady of Thermal and Concentration Effect on a Fully Developed Jeffrey Fluid with Baffle in a Vertical Passage
Authors: Saraswathi H. , Kalyan Shreedevi , Chamkha Ali J.
Published: December 2022

The consistency of the hot effect and concentration on Jeffrey’s fully developed fluid in the vertical passage was examined. We considered two circuits by using a small, efficient aircraft. The more complex ruling ODE is solved by taking the right boundary and co-operative conditions
in complex areas. The results are illustrated in a variety of important parameters and are illustrated to analyze important aspects of the results in all confusing areas. It is concluded that the stimulus in the Jeffrey parameter increases the flow rate, temperatures and concentration while
the chemical reaction parameter suppresses the flow of fluid in all complex areas. The solutions obtained are compared to DS solved valued and the results hold good consistency. The current results are well supported by the current study of the specific conditions of the mathematical model.
Why Seasonal Prediction of California Winter Precipitation Is Challenging
Authors: Jiang Xianan , Waliser Duane E. , Gibson Peter B. , Chen Gang , Guan Weina
Published: December 2022

Despite an urgent demand for reliable seasonal prediction of precipitation in California (CA) due to the recent recurrent and severe drought conditions, our predictive skill for CA winter precipitation remains limited. October hindcasts by the coupled dynamical models typically show a correlation skill of about 0.3 for CA winter (November–March) precipitation. In this study, an attempt is made to understand the underlying processes that limit seasonal prediction skill for CA winter precipitation. It is found that only about 25% of interannual variability of CA winter precipitation can be attributed to influences by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Instead, the year-to-year CA winter precipitation variability is primarily due to circulation anomalies independent from ENSO, featuring a circulation center over the west coast United States as a portion of a short Rossby wave train pattern over the North Pacific. Analyses suggest that dynamical models show nearly no skill in predicting these ENSO-independent circulation anomalies, thus leading to limited predictive skill for CA winter precipitation. Low predictability of these ENSO-independent circulation anomalies is further demonstrated by a large ensemble of atmospheric-only climate model simulations. While low predictability of the ENSO-independent circulation anomalies could be due to chaotic internal atmospheric processes over the mid- to high latitudes, possible underexploited predictability sources for CA precipitation in models are also discussed. This study pinpoints an urgent need for improved understanding of the formation mechanisms of ENSO-independent circulation anomalies over the U.S. West Coast for a breakthrough in seasonal prediction of CA winter precipitation.
In-Situ Elemental Composition Analysis of Large Inhalable Aerosol Using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Sipich James , L’Orange Christian , Volckens John , Yalin Azer
Published: December 2022

The ability to obtain information on the composition of airborne particles is a necessary part of identifying and controlling risks from exposure to potentially toxic materials, especially in the workplace. However, very few aerosol sampling instruments can characterize elemental composition in real time or measure large inhalable particles with aerodynamic diameter exceeding 20 µm. Here, we present the development and validation of a method for real time elemental composition analysis of large inhalable particles using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The prototype sensor uses a passive inlet and an optical triggering system to ablate falling particles with an LIBS plasma. Particle composition is quantified based on collected emission spectra using a real-time material classification algorithm. The approach was validated with a set of 1480 experimental spectra from four different aerosol test materials. We have studied effects of varying detection thresholds and find operating conditions with good agreement to truth values (F1 score ≥ 0.9). Details of the analysis method, including subtracting the spectral contribution from the air plasma and reasons for the infrequent misclassifications, are discussed. The LIBS elemental analysis can be combined with our previously demonstrated direct-reading particle sizer (DRPS) to provide a system capable of both counting, sizing, and elemental analysis of large inhalable particles.
Opportunities to Improve Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Services in Primary Care Clinics
Authors: Mehus Christopher J. , Gewirtz O’Brien Janna R. , Gower Amy L. , Klein Jonathan D. , Santelli John S. , Sieving Renee E. , McRee Annie-Laurie
Published: December 2022

Primary care providers are well positioned to address the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of adolescents; however, gaps often exist in the delivery of quality SRH services in primary care. Our objective was to identify specific opportunities to improve the delivery of adolescent SRH services in primary care. We conducted in-depth interviews with 25 primary care providers from various disciplines across rural and urban areas of Minnesota and conducted thematic analysis of transcribed data. Participants identified salient opportunities in three areas: (1) training and resources for providers (e.g., related to minor consent laws or addressing sensitive subjects), (2) practices and procedures (e.g., time-alone procedures and policies for confidential screening and sharing test results), and (3) education for adolescents (e.g., knowing their rights and accessing confidential SRH services). Study findings provide actionable opportunities to improve delivery of adolescent SRH services in primary care.
Adding Methylprednisolone and Cyclophosphamide Pulse Therapy Provides No Benefit in Pediatric IgAV Nephritis Grade III
Authors: Zhu Yaju , Dong Yu , Li Yufeng , Jin Jing , Ma Yifei
Published: December 2022

Although immunoglobulin (Ig) A vasculitis (IgAV) nephritis is a common form of secondary pediatric glomerulonephritis, there is no consensus on an appropriate therapeutic regimen for moderate-to-severe pediatric IgAV nephritis grade III or the effectiveness of aggressive immunosuppressive therapy. The objective is to evaluate the efficacy and renal outcomes of methylprednisolone pulse therapy with or without cyclophosphamide pulse therapy for grade III IgAV nephritis in children. This retrospective, single-center study included 115 children with IgAV nephritis grade III. The primary endpoint was proteinuria reduction from moderate or severe levels to a normal level. The secondary endpoint was stable renal function, that is, an increase of less than 25% from the baseline creatinine level over the 4-month follow-up period. Among 115 children with IgAV nephritis grade III, 59 received methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide double-pulse treatment; methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide double-pulses did not significantly improve proteinuria remission. Proteinuria improvement did not show any difference with or without cyclophosphamide treatment. Furthermore, methylprednisolone pulse therapy showed no benefit over steroid therapy alone. The demographic and baseline disease characteristics among the treatment groups were well-balanced. The rates of complete remission in 24-hour proteinuria excretion over the 4-month follow-up period in the methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide double-pulse, methylprednisolone plus oral prednisolone, and oral prednisolone-only groups were 91.52%, 92.31%, and 100%, respectively. Renal function remained stable in all the patients. Most patients with IgAV nephritis grade III showed a good prognosis. However, the addition of methylprednisolone and/or cyclophosphamide pulses did not offer benefits over steroid-only therapy.
Online Racism, Rumination, and Vigilance: Impact on Distress, Loneliness, and Alcohol Use
Authors: Keum Brian TaeHyuk , Li Xu
Published: December 2022

We examined the potential anticipatory response (rumination, vigilance) associated with online racism and its impact on psychological distress, loneliness, and alcohol use severity. With a sample of 407 racial minority adults, we conducted a path analysis to examine the indirect relation of online racism on our outcome variables via online racism-related rumination and offline racism-related vigilance. Online racism was significantly linked to psychological distress, alcohol use severity, and loneliness. Rumination and vigilance explained significant indirect relations between online racism and psychological distress and loneliness. Only rumination explained the significant indirect relation between online racism and alcohol use severity. Posthoc multigroup analysis suggested that the path model estimates for the full sample applied equivalently to the African American/Black, Asian/Asian American, and Latinx/Hispanic American groups. Online racism is likely an unjust burden for racial minority individuals that may give rise to prolonged rumination and anticipation about facing racial discrimination in their offline world.
Glass transition of PLA-CO2 mixtures after solid-state saturation
Authors: Brütting Christian , Dreier Julia , Bonten Christian , Altstädt Volker , Ruckdäschel Holger
Published: December 2022

Polymer foams offer high sustainable performance in terms of their lightweight potential, insulation and high specific mechanical properties. The foaming of polymers depends on the properties of gas-laden solids or liquids. For foaming in the solid state, the foaming temperature must be higher than the glass transition temperature of the saturated polymer system. Moreover, the knowledge of sorption conditions and thermal properties is crucial for foam formation. In this study, the correlation between the glass transition temperature and the sorption conditions was investigated. This comparison was made by determining the sorption behavior for different pressure levels and the corresponding glass transition temperature using a high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry. The time, pressure and CO2 content were varied. For the first time, the Chow model could be verified for PLA with a coordination number of 3.
Task Effects in Irony Comprehension in English as a Foreign Language
Authors: Bromberek-Dyzman Katarzyna , Kowalik Joanna , Pękacz Anna
Published: December 2022

Irony comprehension involves understanding implicit attitudes communicated on top of the explicit, literal meaning. Because of the double-binding stemming from the explicit–implicit incongruity, irony is assumed to be cognitively taxing when communicated in the native language (NL), and even more so in the foreign language (FL). Prior studies investigating irony comprehension in the FL indicated that irony may be processed with similar speed and accuracy in the foreign and the native language, and that irony comprehension efficiency in the former might be lower. Building on these findings, this study investigates if the tasks participants perform when reading irony in their FL affect the efficiency of irony comprehension. We invited 150 advanced Polish users of English to take part in one of two tasks. Participants were asked to read 3- to 5-sentence-long-scenarios, ending in literal (Literal Praise, Literal Criticism) or ironic comments (Ironic Praise, Ironic Criticism) and to either (1) make true/false judgments (T/F task; N = 83), or to (2) judge the emotional value in emotive decision task (EDT; N = 67). A full spectrum of verbal irony employed to communicate ironic praise and criticism, and their literal equivalents: literal praise and literal criticism, was tested. A three-way mixed ANOVA with 2× Valence (Praise, Criticism), 2× Mode (Literal, Ironic) as within-subject repeated-measures, and 2× Task (True/False, Emotive Decision) as a between-subject independent measure, revealed that efficiency of irony comprehension was differently modified by the two tasks. Therefore, we argue that irony comprehension in English as a foreign language is task-constrained.
The effect of age on injury patterns in pedestrian deaths
Authors: Chandler Zoe , van den Heuvel Corinna , Baldock Matthew , James Sarah , Byard Roger W
Published: December 2022

Although it is known that elderly pedestrians are at increased risk of injury and death from vehicle crashes the specific pattern of lethal injuries related to age has not been extensively studied. Data on the numbers of pedestrian fatalities and ages were obtained from 1990 to 2020 from the Traffic Accident Reporting System, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia and detailed autopsy data on fatal pedestrian crashes from the pathology database at Forensic Science SA, Adelaide, South Australia from 2000 to 2020. Fatal injuries were separated into the following regions: head/face, spine, chest, abdomen and limbs/skeleton. Analysis of 634 cases of pedestrian fatalities (1990–2020) showed a significant decline in numbers over the years ( p < 0.001). Analysis of fatal injuries in 219 cases (2000–2020) showed a significant reduction in the proportion of fatal head injuries with increasing age ( p < 0.05), a significant increase in the proportion of fatal chest injuries with increasing age ( p < 0.01) and a significant increase in the proportion of fatal limb/skeletal injuries with increasing age ( p < 0.05). Older pedestrians are, therefore, more likely to sustain lethal chest and limb/skeletal injuries than head injuries compared to those who are younger, presumably due to greater physical fragility that occurs with age, with loss of protective muscle bulk and bone density.
The Mediational Role of Future and Past Time Perspectives in the Relationship Between Negative Affectivity and Sense of Coherence
Authors: Nowakowska Iwona , Jelonkiewicz Irena
Published: December 2022

Sense of coherence (SoC) can promote positive coping, and one of its most prominent negative correlates is negative affectivity (NA). In the current study, we hypothesized that future and past time perspectives (TPs) will mediate the relationship between sense of coherence and negative affectivity, and the inverse relationship. The study was questionnaire-based, performed online. N = 719 participants aged 25–45 from the general Polish population took part. On the correlation level, NA was negatively related to future and past positive TPs, and positively to past negative TP. Future and past positive TPs were positively related to SoC, whereas the past negative TP was related negatively to SoC. Future and past TPs partially mediated the effect of NA on SoC. The indirect effect was the strongest for past negative TP and very weak for future and past positive TPs. The full model accounted for 52.9% of variance in SoC. Only past negative TP mediated the relationship between SoC and NA. The full model accounted for 29.8% of variance in NA. The results may serve as an inspiration to integrate time perspective aspects within the salutogenic approaches to understanding human behavior and psychological interventions.
Conflict and Covid-19: exploring the effects on women
Authors: Donovan Outi
Published: December 2022

What happens when conflicts collide with major disease pandemics? Weak or fragmented institutions, contested legitimacy of authorities, overstretched or destroyed health sector, crowded refugee camps and population flows are but some of the characteristics of conflict-affected societies rendering them vulnerable to pandemics such as Covid-19. Importantly, societal crises are deeply gendered; women and men experience conflicts and are affected by them in profoundly different ways. Focusing on the ‘first wave’ of Covid-19 in 2020, I map out the gendered impacts of Covid-19 in conflict-affected societies with particular focus on women. I situate their experience of the dual crisis in the context of ‘vulnerability multipliers’ that limit the ability of individuals to manage societal crises. I find that the pandemic and policy responses to it exacerbated multiple forms of gendered insecurity. They include physical, economic and health insecurities as well as increasing political marginalisation. All this points to multiple, overlapping insecurities operating simultaneously, leading to ‘layered violence’ whereby the pre-existing violence against women and girls escalates, subjecting them to more intense forms of harm.
Corporate Political Activity, Reimagined: Revisiting the Political Marketplace
Authors: Katic Ivana V. , Hillman Amy
Published: December 2022

We update the literature on corporate attempts to influence political actors, and thereby shape their governmental outcomes. Doing so allows us to recognize where the field has advanced, where it has not, and, importantly, reimagine an agenda for research moving forward. Our review documents areas of research and levels of analyses within the literature and identifies a core and secondary issues including the overrepresentation of lobbying and campaign contributions, the U.S. context, legislatures as targets of CPA, and firm policy and financial outcomes. We use the review to update the conceptualization of the political marketplace, including the introduction of a new categorization of corporate political activity tactics (CPA) along the dimensions of formality and directness. What we call our political marketplace 2.0 then allows for an expanded agenda for research in the field, moving forward. Our review works together with a companion review on Corporate Political Connections, published in this same issue, to offer a holistic perspective on the boundary between corporations and political actors.
Automatic knowledge exchange between ontologies and semantic graphs
Authors: Roldán-Molina Gabriela del Rocío , Yevseyeva Iryna , Gómez-Meire Silvana , Basto-Fernandes Vitor , Méndez José Ramón
Published: December 2022

This article presents an innovative knowledge management approach for the validation and transfer of knowledge between semantic networks or ontologies and a target ontology represented in web ontology language (OWL) format. This process has been designed for addressing the quality improvement of ontologies automatically created by learning techniques. The knowledge transfer process is a semi-automatic computer aided method to assist the domain expert to improve the target ontology. To validate our proposal, we have used an automatically generated target ontology. We used knowledge transfer from the well-known Babelnet semantic graph and a manually generated ontology to improve the quality of the target ontology. Finally, to show the suitability of our proposal in the ontology-fixing process, we compare the improved target ontology resulting from the application of the proposed validation and knowledge transfer techniques with its original version. We developed an example of our proposal in our OntologyFixer tool, which is available on a GitHub repository ( https://github.com/gabyluna/OntologyFixer/tree/ontofixer_v2 ).
Identifying the patterns: Towards a systematic approach to digital platform regulation
Authors: Gleiss Alexander , Degen Konrad , Pousttchi Key
Published: December 2022

Digital platforms have proven to be efficient matchmakers in our networked economy and society. However, their tremendous potential is a double-edged sword, and concerns about their malpractices and negative impact have risen remarkably. In the light of practical relevance, research on digital platform regulation (DPR) did not contribute very much. Especially information systems (IS) which, as a discipline, seems predestined to explain the problems at the confluence of technology–economy–society, has barely grazed the issue of DPR. Particularly, a contribution is missing that at least explores the problems with digital platforms systematically and comprehensively. In response to this aim, we pursue a two-step approach: First, we apply qualitative meta-analysis of 211 cases as well as a number of regulation papers and actual regulation endeavors to identify and conceptualize the problem scope and potential regulatory approaches for platform problems. Second, we condense our findings into a conceptual model. Our findings show that digital platforms exploit both platform- and monopoly-related problems to assert themselves in different markets. Through their impactful platform governance, they even have become serious challengers to the regulator in controlling market access, key conditions, and resources. At this, they rely on the efficient use of data and digital technologies to effectively orchestrate platform agents and their transactions. The outcome of the paper is a set of two structured instruments that fill a void in interdisciplinary research and provide support to DPR practitioners for a systematic approach to regulation.
Characteristics of poisonings involving ketamine in the United States, 2019–2021
Authors: Palamar Joseph J. , Fitzgerald Nicole D. , Grundy David J. , Black Joshua C. , Jewell Jennifer S. , Cottler Linda B.
Published: December 2022

Background:

The use of ketamine, a controlled dissociative anesthetic, has become more widespread in recent years with recreational/nonmedical use increasing and ketamine becoming more widely available in clinics to treat depression.

Aims:

We examined recent trends in adverse effects related to ketamine use.

Methods:

US National Poison Control data were examined, focusing on ketamine exposures among those aged ⩾13 between 2019 and 2021 ( n = 758). We examined quarterly trends in exposure and delineated correlates of patients experiencing a major adverse effect or death.

Results:

The number of reported exposures increased 81.1% from 2019 Quarter 1 through 2021 Quarter 4, from 37 to 67 ( p = 0.018). The majority of patients were male (57.1%), and the plurality of cases involved intentional misuse or “abuse” (39.5%), followed by suspected suicide attempt (19.7%) and unintentional exposure (18.9%). A fifth (19.6%) experienced a major adverse effect or death. A third (33.4%) co-used other drugs; the drugs most commonly co-used were benzodiazepines (14.6%), alcohol (10.3%), and opioids (8.7%). Co-use of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB; adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) = 3.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57–7.46) and opioids (aPR = 2.44, 95% CI: 1.46–4.08) was associated with increased risk for a major adverse effect or death, as was injection-only administration (aPR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.21–5.92).

Conclusions:

Although still rare, poisonings involving ketamine have increased in recent years. Polydrug use—particularly with opioids or GHB—appears to be a particular risk factor for more serious adverse effects. As prevalence of use increases, it is important to monitor adverse effects and co-occurring behaviors to inform timely prevention and harm reduction as needed.
Journal Authorship by Gender: A Comparison of Economic Education, General Interest, and Fields From 2009 to 2019
Authors: Marshall Emily C. , O’Roark Brian
Published: December 2022

Economic education has emerged as an important subfield in economics over the last several decades. This paper explores the author gender breakdown found in economic education journals compared to top-tier, general-interest economics journals and some field journals. We find that from 2009 to 2019, the percentage of articles published by women in general interest and selected field journals has remained relatively constant, while female publications in economic education journals have grown to match the percentage of women in the discipline.

JEL codes: A20, A29
Promoting Positive Masculinities to Address Violence Against Women: A Multicountry Concept Mapping Study
Authors: Daoud Nihaya , Carmi Ayelet , Bolton Robert , Cerdán-Torregrosa Ariadna , Nielsen Anna , Alfayumi-Zeadna Samira , Edwards Claire , Ó Súilleabháin Fiachra , Sanz-Barbero Belén , Vives-Cases Carmen , Salazar Mariano
Published: December 2022

Interventions engaging men that challenge unequal gender norms have been shown to be effective in reducing violence against women (VAW). However, few studies have explored how to promote anti-VAW positive masculinity in young adults. This study aims to identify key multicountry strategies, as conceived by young adults and other stakeholders, for promoting positive masculinities to improve gender equity and prevent and target VAW. This study (2019–2021) involved young adults (aged 18–24 years) and stakeholders from Ireland, Israel, Spain, and Sweden. We applied concept mapping, a participatory mixed-method approach, in phases: (1) brainstorming, using semi-structured interviews with young adults ( n = 105) and stakeholders ( n = 60), plus focus group discussions ( n = 88), to collect ideas for promoting anti-VAW positive masculinity; (2) development of an online questionnaire for sorting ( n = 201) and rating ideas emerging from brainstorming by importance ( n = 406) and applicability ( n = 360); (3) based on sorting and rating data, creating rating maps for importance and applicability and clusters/strategies using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis with groupwisdom™ software; and (4) interpretation of results with multicountry stakeholders to reach agreement. The cluster map identified seven key strategies (41 actions) for promoting anti-VAW positive masculinities ranked from highest to lowest: Formal and informal education and training; Preventive education and activities in different settings/areas; Skills and knowledge; Empathy, reflection, and understanding; Media and public efforts; Policy, legislation, and the criminal justice system; and Organizational actions and interventions. Pattern matches indicated high agreement between young people and stakeholders in ranking importance ( r = 0.96), but low agreement for applicability ( r = 0.60). Agreement in the total sample on prioritizing statements by importance and applicability was also low ( r = 0.20); only 14 actions were prioritized as both important and applicable. Young people and stakeholders suggested seven comprehensive, multidimensional, multi-setting strategies to facilitate promoting positive masculinity to reduce VAW. Discrepancy between importance and applicability might indicate policy and implementation obstacles.
Decision-making of active collision avoidance system based on comprehensive evaluation method of dangerous scenarios
Authors: He Rui , Meng Zhiwei , Zhang Sumin , Yang Zhi , Zhi Yongshuai , Qin Jiaxiang
Published: December 2022

Dangerous scenario modeling is of great significance for the development of automatic driving functions, and the active collision avoidance system directly affects the safety of vehicles and the intelligence level of vehicles. However, the current existing collision risk evaluation methods are difficult to comprehensively evaluate different dangerous scenarios, the evaluation methods are complicated and there is no normalized description form. In addition, the traditional decision-making method of active collision avoidance system based on collision time distance will lead to the problems of inconsistent risk evaluation scale and single way of collision avoidance. To solve the above problems, the mechanism analysis of the longitudinal, lateral, and parallel collision risks is carried out respectively, and then the model based on kinematics and dynamics is established. After that, the corresponding expression form of collision risks is derived. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation method of dangerous collision scenarios is proposed. Secondly, based on the comprehensive evaluation method of collision risk, considering longitudinal constraints, lateral constraints, parallel constraints, and road regulations, an active collision avoidance decision-making method that used the cooperative collision avoidance mode of breaking and steering is designed. Thirdly, different simulation experiments are designed based on PanoSim/Simulink. The results show the comprehensive evaluation method can effectively model the collision risk of vehicles in the motion process. At the same time, the decision-making method of the active collision avoidance system achieves the expected working effect, thus improving driving stability and safety.
Nonlinear stability analysis for the rheology of Oldroyd-B nanofluids embedded by Darcy–Brinkman porous media using a two-phase model
Authors: Kaur Jeevanpreet , Gupta Urvashi , Sharma Ram Prakash
Published: December 2022

An alternative to the Darcy model called the Darcy–Brinkman is employed to investigate a linear and nonlinear analysis of thermal convection in porous media saturated by Oldroyd-B nanofluids. The two-phase model is utilized for a nanofluid which is based on the theory of nanoparticles–fluid relative velocity. The analytical expressions for oscillatory and stationary thermal Rayleigh numbers have been derived using the Galerkin scheme and normal mode technique to study the impacts of viscoelastic and other non-dimensional parameters governing the stability of the system. Nonlinear analysis is made using minimal double Fourier series with a weekly period. Both time-dependent and independent variations of the Nusselt number and Sherwood number for emerging parameters are represented to study heat and mass transport. The novelty of the paper lies in the fact that due to the viscoelasticity of the fluid oscillatory mode of convection came into existence for top-heavy nanoparticle arrangement which was otherwise not possible for nanofluids with Newtonian base fluids. The results of the mathematical model revealed that heat and mass transfer is enhanced with the higher values of viscoelastic parameters, namely stress relaxation and strain retardation numbers. The increasing Darcy number is observed to have substantial control over the stability as it inhibits heat and mass transfer rate. Graphical interpretations reveal that viscoelastic non-Newtonian nanofluids have higher heat and mass transfer rates than Newtonian nanofluids for the system under consideration.
Topologies of power in China’s grid-style social management during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Habich-Sobiegalla Sabrina , Plümmer Franziska
Published: December 2022

This article analyses the organization of Chinese grassroots social management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing on a range of local cases researched through policy documents, media coverage and interviews, we scrutinize the appropriation of emergency measures and the utilization of grid-style social management since the outbreak of COVID-19. Grid-style social management – a new grassroots administrative division aiming to mobilize neighbourhood control and services – is a core element in China’s pursuit of economic growth without sacrificing political stability. Conceptualizing grids as confined spaces of power, we show how the Chinese party-state is able to flexibly redeploy diverse forms of power depending on the particular purpose of social management. During non-crisis times, grid-style social management primarily uses security power, casting a net over the population that remains open for population elements to contribute their share to the national economy. Once a crisis has been called, sovereign power swiftly closes the net to prevent further circulation while disciplinary power works towards a speedy return to a pre-crisis routine.
In search of the Holy Grail? The EU Commission's new approach to Article 22 of the EU Merger Regulation
Authors: Looijestijn-Clearie Anne , Rusu Catalin S. , Veenbrink Marc J.M.
Published: December 2022

Recently in certain sectors of the economy, in particular in the digital, pharmaceutical and biotech sectors, an increase in the number of concentrations has been detected involving emerging and innovative undertakings with competitive potential but which generate little or no turnover at the time of the transaction. Many such transactions do not fall under the EU merger control system or the domestic merger control systems of the Member States but may, nevertheless, have a detrimental impact on competition in the internal market. The European Commission reacted to this situation by adopting, on 26 March 2021, Guidance on the application of Article 22 (Article 22 Guidance). In this Article 22 Guidance, the Commission announced that it will abandon its previous practice of not accepting Article 22 referral requests from National Competition Authorities (NCAs) which are not competent to review the concentration at stake under their domestic rules. Instead, the Commission will now encourage and accept Article 22 referral requests, particularly from NCAs which do not have jurisdiction over the transaction at stake under their national merger regimes. The Article 22 Guidance gives rise to a number of questions and problems which we discuss in this article.
What Goes Around Comes Around: How Perpetrators of Workplace Bullying Become Targets Themselves
Authors: Vranjes Ivana , Elst Tinne Vander , Griep Yannick , De Witte Hans , Baillien Elfi
Published: December 2022

In this study, we investigated whether and how perpetrators of bullying become targets themselves. Building on the notion of bullying as an escalation process and the Conservation of Resources Theory, we hypothesized that following enactment of bullying, people would experience increased relationship conflicts with colleagues, diminishing their sense of control and making them more likely to become exposed to bullying themselves. We tested this idea using longitudinal sequential mediated Structural Equation Modelling in a sample of 1420 Belgian workers. Our results confirmed that enactment of bullying lead to more exposure to bullying 18 months later. Relationship conflicts partially mediated this effect, meaning that bullying enactment can lead to increased tensions with others at work, increasing one’s vulnerability to bullying exposure. Although perceived control also mediated the enactment-exposure relationship, relationship conflicts did not lead to perceived loss of control, suggesting a missing link in this relationship. Furthermore, the effect from perceived control to exposure to bullying was small and did not replicate in post-hoc analyses. Our findings suggest that people may experience a backlash from others in their work environment following engagement in bullying behavior at work and invite further exploration of the processes that may account for this relationship.
Multicystic Solitary Fibrous Tumor of the Kidney: A Case Report With Review of Literature
Authors: Lobo Anandi , Kapoor Rahul , Sharma Shivani , Bhagwat Prashant , Raje Avinash , Mohanty Sambit K.
Published: December 2022

Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm known to occur at various soft tissue and visceral locations. Kidney is one of the rare locations for these tumors with around 64 cases being available in the literature. Most of the renal SFTs are tan-white, solid, firm, unencapsulated, and lobulated masses. A predominantly cystic renal SFT has never been reported in the literature. Herein we describe a case of multicystic renal SFT in a 44-year-old male with the characteristic CD34 + /STAT6 + immunophenotype. A careful gross and microscopic examination is warranted while dealing with cystic spindle cell neoplasms of the kidney and SFT should always be considered in the differential diagnosis. STAT6 immunohistochemistry is quite specific for the diagnosis. Moreso, a detailed immunopanel is necessary to exclude other spindle cell neoplasms of the kidney because of significant therapeutic and prognostic implications.
Rivaroxaban Versus Enoxaparin for Thromboprophylaxis After major Gynecological Cancer Surgery: The VALERIA Trial
Authors: Longo de Oliveira André Luiz Malavasi , de Oliveira Pereira Renata Fernanda , Agati Leandro Barile , Ribeiro Camilla Moreira , Kawamura Suguiura Gabrielly Yukimi , Cioni Claudia Helena , Bermudez Marilsa , Pirani Márcia Bermudez , Caffaro Roberto Augusto , Castelli Valter , Resende Aguiar Valéria Cristina , Volpiani Giuliano Giova , Paschoa Adilson , Scarlatelli Macedo Ariane Vieira , de Barros e Silva Pedro Gabriel Melo , de Campos Guerra João Carlos , Fareed Jawed , Lopes Renato Delascio , Ramacciotti Eduardo
Published: December 2022

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) for venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention after major gynecological cancer surgery might be an alternative to parenteral low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). Patients undergoing major gynecological cancer surgery were randomized at hospital discharge to receive rivaroxaban 10 mg once daily or enoxaparin 40 mg once daily for 30 days. The primary efficacy outcome was a combination of symptomatic VTE and VTE-related death or asymptomatic VTE at day 30. The primary safety outcome was the incidence of major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. Two hundred and twenty-eight patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive rivaroxaban (n  =  114)or enoxaparin (n  =  114). The trial was stopped due to a lower-than-expected event rate. The primary efficacy outcome occurred in 3.51% of patients assigned to rivaroxaban and in 4.39% of patients assigned to enoxaparin (relative risk 0.80, 95% CI 0.22 to 2.90; p  =  0.7344). Patients assigned to rivaroxaban had no primary bleeding event, and 3 patients (2.63%) in the enoxaparin group had a major or CRNM bleeding event (hazard ratio, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.007 to 2.73; P  =  0.1963). In patients undergoing major gynecological cancer surgery, thromboprophylaxis with rivaroxaban 10 mg daily for 30 days had similar rates of thrombotic and bleeding events compared to parenteral enoxaparin 40 mg daily. While the power is limited due to not reaching the intended sample size, our results support the hypothesis that DOACs might be an attractive alternative strategy to LMWH to prevent VTE in this high-risk population.
Endogenous Glycosaminoglycans in Various Pathologic Plasma Samples as Measured by a Fluorescent Quenching Method
Authors: Kantarcioglu Bulent , Mehrotra Siddharth , Papineni Charulatha , Siddiqui Fakiha , Kouta Ahmed , Hoppensteadt Debra , Bansal Vinod , Darki Amir , Van Thiel David H. , Fareed Jawed
Published: December 2022

Endogenous glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) with a similar structure to heparin are widely distributed in various tissues. A fluorescence probe, namely Heparin Red, can detect polyanionic GAGs in plasma samples. The purpose of this study is to measure endogenous GAGs in various plasma samples obtained from different pathologic states in comparison to healthy controls utilizing this method. Plasma samples were obtained from patient groups including atrial fibrillation (AF), end-stage-renal-disease (ESRD), diabetes mellitus (DM), sepsis, cancer, liver disease (LD), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Normal human plasma (NHP) was used as healthy controls. The Heparin Red kit from Red Probes (Münster, Germany) was used for the quantification of endogenous GAGs in each sample before and after heparinase I degradation. All results were compiled as group means  ±  SD for comparison. NHP was found to have relatively low levels of endogenous GAGs with a mean concentration of 0.06 μg/mL. The AF, ESRD, DM, and sepsis patient samples had a mean endogenous GAG concentration of 0.55, 0.72, 0.92, and 0.94 μg/mL, respectively. The levels of endogenous GAGs were highest in cancer, LD, and PE patient plasma samples with a mean concentration of 1.95, 2.78, and 2.83 μg/mL, respectively. Heparinase I degradation resulted in a decline in GAG levels in plasma samples. These results clearly show that detectable Heparin Red sensitive endogenous GAGs are present in circulating plasma at varying levels in various patient groups. Additional studies are necessary to understand this complex pathophysiology.
The Experiences of Post-Separation Survivors of Domestic Violence During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Findings From a Qualitative Study in the United Kingdom
Authors: Desai Ruchi , Bandyopadhyay Siddhartha , Zafar Shazia , Bradbury-Jones Caroline
Published: December 2022

Post-separation for domestic violence (DV) survivors is known to be a period of heightened risk of domestic homicide. Evidence points to increased rates of DV during the Covid-19 pandemic, with specific challenges in help-seeking from DV services, yet studies that capture this qualitatively are still emerging. This UK study investigated the experiences of 21 separated DV survivors (all women) during the Covid-19 pandemic. Inductive, thematic analysis highlighted participants’ psychological distress, isolation, fear of Covid-19 transmission, and detachment from support networks. The findings reflect the interconnected nature of adversities experienced by DV survivors and the exacerbation of these due to the insidious, multifaceted, and synergistic impacts of DV and the pandemic.