bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinantes de la lactancia materna exclusiva en el mundo y en Colombia: revisión sistemática de la literatura
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Malaver-Parra David Eduardo , Guerrero-Lozano Rafael ,   Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Vargas-Malaver Nidia Esperanza ,   Hospital Regional de Chiquinquirá
Published: July 2024

Introducción: la lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) es esencial para la salud infantil; aunque la OMS recomienda realizarla durante los primeros 6 meses de vida, se evidencia una adherencia baja a nivel mundial. A pesar de diferentes intervenciones en Colombia, su duración promedio no es la esperable. Se necesitan más investigaciones sobre los factores determinantes de la LME en Colombia y el mundo. Objetivos: identificar los factores determinantes del cumplimiento o del abandono de la LME en el mundo, así como la existencia de factores similares en Colombia. Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática en PubMed siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA incluyendo estudios en inglés y español, con madres entre 14-50 años e hijos de 0-24 meses. Resultados: se incluyeron 35 artículos: 10 revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis, 9 estudios de cohorte, 13 estudios transversales, 2 ensayos controlados aleatorizados y 1 estudio mixto; se abarcaron 21 países y se encontraron 58 variables asociadas a LME exitosa o su abandono. Discusión: múltiples factores sociales, culturales, económicos y personales que intervienen en la LME pueden ser de riesgo o protección dependiendo de la población. En Colombia, se encuentra asociación con algunos de los más frecuentemente descritos. Se plantean factores y variables no incluidos en revisiones previas, que podrían ser analizados ulteriormente. Conclusiones: se identifican variables relevantes para la LME en Colombia y el mundo. Se destaca el papel fundamental de los profesionales de la salud en la promoción de la LME, además de la necesidad de una práctica efectiva en la población.
Development and Evaluation of a Software Designed by a Nursing and Technology Team to Assess the Health Status of Adults over 65 Years of Age
Authors: Pérez Cantó Víctor , González Chorda Víctor M. , Escandell Rico Francisco Miguel , Platero Horcajadas Manuel , Ferrández Pastor Francisco Javier , Castillo López Ana , Valero Chillerón María Jesús , Maciá Soler Loreto
Published: July 2024

Objective. This work sought to develop the Actuasalud platform as a useful tool for nursing that permits assessing health, in term of frailty, in population over 65 years of age. Methods. For the design and development of Actuasalud, two working groups were formed: one from nursing with different profiles, to identify the scientific content and a computer science group responsible for the software programming and development. Both teams adapted the scientific content to the technology so that the tool would allow for population screening with detection of health problems and frailty states. Results. The software was developed in three large blocks that include all the dimensions of frailty: a) sociodemographic variables, b) comorbidities, and c) assessment tools of autonomy-related needs that evaluate the dimensions of frailty. At the end of the evaluation, a detailed report is displayed through bar diagram with the diagnosis of each of the dimensions assessed. The assessment in the participating elderly showed that 44.7% (n = 38) of the population was considered not frail, and 55.3%; (n = 47) as frail. Regarding associated pathologies, high blood pressure (67.1%; n = 57), osteoarthritis and/or arthritis (55.3%; n = 47), diabetes (48.2%; n = 41) and falls during the last year (35.3%; n = 30) were highlighted. Conclusion. Actuasalud is an application that allows nursing professionals to evaluate frailty and issue a quick diagnosis with ordered sequence, which helps to provide individualized care to elderly individuals according to the problems detected during the evaluation.
Perception of Knowledge Transfer from Clinical Simulations to the Care Practice in Nursing Students
Authors: García-Salido Cristina , Mateu Capell Marina , García Gutiérrez Daniel , Ramírez Baraldes Estella
Published: July 2024

Objective. This work sought to assess the perception of knowledge transfer from clinical simulations to the care practice in nursing students through effective debriefing. Methods. An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 281 students during the 2020-2021 course, through una ad hoc survey from the Debriefing Assessment for Simulation in Healthcare (DASH) in Spanish, to assess competence areas that undergraduate students must reach to complete their studies. Results. The survey conducted after each simulation showed that the students valued positively the debriefing sessions conducted by experts, with a mean score of 6.61 over 7 [6.56%-6.65%] based on 675 surveys analyzed, given that each student conducted more than one simulation within the academic course. It was observed in 221 completed answers that what was learned in the simulation was transferred to the practice in 89.23% [86.39%-92.06%], specifically in areas of Communication, Patient safety, Teamwork, and Leadership. Conclusion. In the perception by the participating students, the use of effective debriefing in clinical simulation enabled knowledge transfer to the care practice, proving to be a crucial tool that helps to improve the formation of the future nurses.
The Effect of Preheating on Fissure Sealant Viscosity
Authors: Çakır İ. Sefa , Bodrumlu Ebru Hazar
Published: July 2024

Objective: Fissure sealant application is used for the prevention of caries. The viscosity of the fissure sealant directly affects the retention of the material to the tooth. Heating resin-containing materials before polymerization decrease the viscosity of the material. The purpose of this study was to examine the fluidity levels of four different fissure sealants containing resin with different filling ratios at different temperatures before polymerization and to evaluate the obtained data by comparing them.
Methods: The study of four different fissure sealant materials with resin content with different filler ratios (0%, 30%, 55%, and 70%) were heated at different temperatures (4ºC, 23ºC, 39ºC, and 55ºC) before polymerization. With the fluidity measurement between the two glasses, 20 fluidity measurement values were obtained at each temperature value, and a total of 320 measurements were made. The data were statistically evaluated with a two-way robust ANOVA analysis.
Results: The study it was determined that the fluidity values of the fissure sealants increased with the heating process before polymerization. The best result in terms of fluidity in the fissure sealants without filler was obtained at a temperature of at least 23ºC. In the fissure sealants containing 30% and 55% filler, there was a significant difference in fluidity values when the temperature difference was large.
Conclusion: It is thought that the filling ratio and temperature affect the fluidity in fissure sealants and that the appropriate temperature should be selected by considering the filling ratios to obtain the best result in terms of fluidity.
Keywords: fluidity, viscosity, preheating, fissure sealant, the heating device.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Indonesia's Energy Transition
Authors: Rachmawati Iva
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has provided a positive impetus for the energy transition for several countries. Along the deline of pollution, the consumption and investment in renewable energy indicate the awareness to encourage renewable increasing. This article examines the situation of Indonesia's energy transition, which has committed to achieving a mixed level of 23% by 2025. Through a literature review regarding renewable energy policies during the pandemic and indepth interviews method, this article claims that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic 19 on Indonesia's energy transition is not significant. On the contrary, Indonesia experienced a slowdown in the energy transition during the pandemic. The deceleration of transition happened because previous policies regarding the energy sector did not support renewable energy policy in Indonesia. Investment and subsidies still favor the coal sector. The lack of technology and support for the renewable energy industry is increasingly difficult during the pandemic.
Strengthening Confidence, Security Building Measures (CSBMs) in Southeast Asia: ASEAN in the Post COVID-19 Era
Authors: Hermawanto Ariesani , Anggraini Melaty
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses Confidence Security Building Measures (CSBMs) in Southeast Asia as an important tool and mechanism to create stability and build mutual understanding between ASEAN member states and countries outside the region. Using relevant primary and secondary data such as official government documents, books and journals, the study shows that CSBM mechanisms in the Southeast Asia region encourage surrounding countries to strengthen shared responsibilities and goals sustainably. The dialogue through CSBM’s mechanism emphasises cooperation and mutual understanding, which will further play an essential role in building a resilient and harmonious Southeast Asia. The study results show that the complexity of issues in the post-COVID-19 era requires strengthening CSBM through ASEAN with a focus on inclusivity and consensus building, constituting a mechanism of meaningful dialogue.
Estructuralismo holandés vs. disciplina de la configuración: arquitectura para la infancia de Herman Hertzberger y Piet Blom
Authors: Merino del Río Rebeca
Published: July 2024

El objetivo del artículo es identificar las divergencias teóricas y prácticas entre la disciplina de la configuración y el estructuralismo holandés sobre la base del análisis de dos proyectos destinados a la infancia: el proyecto para un complejo asistencial Pestazzoli en Amerongen (Países Bajos), ideado por Piet Blom en 1962, y la escuela Montessori en Delft (Países Bajos), diseñada y construida por Herman Hertzberger entre 1960 y 1970. Con respecto a la estructura, en primer lugar, se sintetizan los términos en que se definen la disciplina de la configuración y el estructuralismo holandés. Ello permite constatar las divergencias a nivel teórico. A continuación, se analizan la propuesta para el complejo asistencial Pestazzoli y el proyecto para la escuela Montessori, considerados representativos de ambas corrientes tras una revisión preliminar del material gráfico original. Con base en estas definiciones y análisis, se evalúa el alcance de la aplicación de los principios teóricos en los proyectos seleccionados y se demuestra su respectiva proximidad a la disciplina de la configuración y al estructuralismo holandés. De esta forma se ponen de manifiesto algunas de las divergencias a nivel práctico, concretamente, las que afectan al proceso de ideación.
Political realism between American republicanism and German elitism
Authors: Stoianov R.R.
Published: July 2024

The focus of this study is a discussion between the representative of classical realism, H. Morgenthau, and the American theorists of republicanism, J. Calhoun and W. Sumner. The author argues that Morgenthau was proving the limitations of republican political theory. For this purpose, Morgenthau developed the concept of political power of the German theory of elitism. The content of the study is divided into three parts. First, the term “power” is analyzed in the political writings of representatives of German elitism of the Weimar Republic K. Schmitt, O. Spengler and E. Jünger. Next, the role of the concepts of “self-government” and “commonwealth” in Calhoun and Sumner’s theory is explored. Finally, the author shows how Morgenthau engages the notion of “power” against the conceptual foundations of republican theory. The methodology of the study is based on the principles of analyzing political texts formulated by representatives of the Cambridge School of the History of Ideas. This methodology allows us to focus on the theorist’s motivation to solve a political problem with the help of a set of concepts that are relevant to the current debate. The main conclusion of the study is that Morgenthau, in a polemic with republican theorists, constructed an image of the American empire of the Western Hemisphere, giving full authority to the central government and relegating the key republican principle of federalism to a way of decentralizing power at the regional level. Morgenthau’s victory in the debates with republican theorists also allows us to conclude that the establishment of the ideas of realism in the American science of international relations contributed to the transformation of the United States from a republic into a new centralized empire.
Parameter Estimate PID Controller for Multi-position Control of Servo Drive System with Fuzzy Self-Tuning
Authors: Visavapiwong Pantawong , Chookaew Sasithorn , Howimanporn Suppachai
Published: July 2024

This research aims to study the application of fuzzy logic to optimize parameter values for adjusting the control parameters in the servo drive that uses the movement of the servo motor. Process automation requires the convenient and quick control of distance, speed, and acceleration by using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to command, display, and control as accurately and thoroughly as possible significantly reducing the tolerances to a minimum. This research compares the experimental results between manual tuning parameter settings and parameter adjustment using the proposed fuzzy logic system. It also collects movement speed and position with different loads. The experimental results are different weights that compare and find efficiency values and tolerances. The fuzzy logic results are more satisfactory than using the original in all cases.
Rytelo: a novel option for transfusion-dependent anemia in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Shuja Muhammad Hamza , Abbasi Abeera F. , Shakil Firzah
Published: July 2024

Rytelo (Imetelstat), approved by the FDA in June 2024, offers a groundbreaking treatment for patients with transfusion-dependent anemia due to lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Rytelo is a first-in-class telomerase inhibitor that targets telomerase, an enzyme that cancer cells use to maintain their telomeres and continue proliferating. By inhibiting telomerase, Rytelo induces apoptosis in malignant cells in the bone marrow, thus reducing the need for frequent blood transfusions. Administered intravenously every four weeks, clinical trials have shown Rytelo effectively lowers transfusion requirements and enhances patients' quality of life. However, common side effects such as neutropenia and thrombocytopenia require careful monitoring and dose adjustments to manage. Despite these challenges, Rytelo represents a significant advancement in treating transfusion-dependent anemia in MDS, providing a novel therapeutic option that addresses the underlying cause of the disease and improves patient outcomes.
Pré-Carnaval A Visualização do Invisível
Authors: Santos de Castro Milene de Cássia , de Mello Rossini Diva , Augusta Freitas Costa Maria
Published: July 2024

O artigo analisa o samba, o carnaval e o pré-carnaval do Centro Histórico de Belém do Pará [Brasil], como agentes de conservação cultural, e sinaliza a potencialidade destes bens imateriais no município. A imaterialidade patrimonial tornou-se um tema que compõe discussões que antecedem ao século XX, assim como a Convenção da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, Ciência e Cultura [Unesco], que em 2003, em Paris, exaltou o valor de proteção do patrimônio imaterial como agente de fomento para o desenvolvimento sustentável e para a diversidade cultural. Realizou-se Análise Textual Discursiva, através de dados vindos de pesquisa bibliométrica, bibliográfica e documental, em uma abordagem qualitativa. Por meio dos resultados, são elencados os circuitos criados a partir da manifestação e dos fluxos turísticos provenientes do consumo do pré-carnaval, nas edições de 2019 a 2024; o processo de crescimento e retração após o reconhecimento da manifestação como patrimônio imaterial; e o processo de gestão pública do bem imaterial.
Sambódromo do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil] Acessível aos Usuários de Cadeiras de Rodas
Authors: Alice Lamas Suellen , Pinheiro Rodrigues Suzane , de Sousa Ribeiro Anderson Anderson
Published: July 2024

O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar os obstáculos enfrentados por pessoas com deficiência física, particularmente, pessoas usuárias de cadeira de rodas, que impedem e/ou limitam o acesso delas ao carnaval do Rio de Janeiro. Ao participar in loco do evento foi possível observar as dificuldades enfrentadas por esse público, para desfrutar de um momento tão especial. Por outro lado, mesmo que de certa forma desconfortáveis e expostos, a alegria em participar do evento com familiares demonstrou-se contagiante e emocionante, levando a reflexão sobre como tornar melhor a acessibilidade ao sambódromo do Rio de Janeiro [Brasil]. Com essa análise foi possível entender possíveis origens das dificuldades e apresentar proposições para eliminá-las ou minimizá-las, não apenas do ponto de vista arquitetônico, mas também organizacional, fortalecendo a consciência de proteção aos direitos de pessoas com (e sem) deficiência no seu direito ao lazer e ao turismo. O delineamento metodológico dessa investigação com abordagem exploratória, envolveu pesquisas bibliográfica, documental e de campo. Os resultados obtidos sinalizam ações de acessibilidade incipientes no carnaval carioca, que necessitam de melhorias para a satisfação dos foliões com deficiência. Nesse sentido, considerando a dimensão arquitetônica de acessibilidade de Sassaki (2009), propostas de melhorias foram apresentadas no sentido de contribuir com a efetivação da acessibilidade no sambódromo do Rio de Janeiro e seu entorno.
Samba, Gênero e Políticas Culturais: O Coletivo Mulheres no Samba da Cidade de Aracaju [Brasil]
Authors: Souza de Assis Yérsia , Mayara Santos Rayra
Published: July 2024

O artigo propõe analisar aspectos ligados ao contexto do samba e do gênero em Sergipe, mais especialmente, em Aracaju. Partimos da experiência do Coletivo Mulheres no Samba, criado em 2021 a partir da iniciativa de mulheres musicistas que se reúnem para tocar, pensar e promover o samba através de uma produção estritamente feminina. Voltamos nossa atenção para alguns aspectos dessa iniciativa musical: (1) faremos uma breve análise do que tem sido o samba e as mulheres em Sergipe, com atenção especial em Aracaju; (2) abordaremos como o Coletivo Mulheres no Samba tem provocado a cena pública cultural; (3) indagaremos se a circulação de sentidos promovidos por este Coletivo auxilia em novas perspectivas para as políticas públicas culturais no estado de Sergipe, com ênfase em Aracaju, e como isso revela aspectos das políticas turísticas no município. Por fim, intentamos com este texto provocar algumas reflexões sobre a cena pública local no que concerne à triangulação entre gênero, samba e promoção cultural/turística.
Russian Presence in Syria: A New Look
Authors: Polyakov Dmitry
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the paper’s topic is grounded in the need to comprehend the situation of Russia in Syria under the influence of an external factor — the Ukrainian conflict and the associated forced need to audit Russian assets and liabilities in a new geopolitical situation. Moreover, there is a need to realize that the Russian approaches to the presence in Syria correspond to the realities of the current stage of the Syrian crisis. The author considers the Russian presence in the SAR in a comprehensive way by assessing the current bilateral relations, characterizing Moscow's military-political and economic approaches, and considering the influence of external forces on the presence of the Russian Federation. According to the results of the study, the author makes the conclusion that at the current stage a general trend has begun to be traced — a decrease in the role of Russia in intra-Syrian processes. Therefore, the need to change the Russian approach is a given that should be considered. This is especially true of economic approaches. However, Moscow's current involvement in the Ukrainian conflict does not allow for a quick restructuring of the policy of the Russian presence in Syria. Thus, the current task of the Russian Federation is to maintain strong positions, which in the medium term will allow to increase influence.
Cairo in 2023: Ancient Monuments, Books, Problems of the Contemporary Education and Political Anxieties
Authors: Mikulski Dimitri V.
Published: July 2024

One of the favorite Arab cities for this author is the great and inexhaustible city of Cairo. Visiting it in November 2023 the Author of this paper managed to glance at the antiquities and the contemporary life of the capital of the Nile Country through the eyes of the professional Egyptian guide Mr. Ashraf, a descendant of the Mamluk warriors (Egyptian rulers of the 13th–16th centuries) and the Bedouins, who reside at the foots of the Great Pyramids since the 10-the century. Mr. Ashraf was relating the history of his family, showed the author the Pyramids and the Sphynx, a part of the treasures of the Egyptian Museum, the Coptic Church of St. Sergius and Bacchus (Abu Sarga) and the famous market of Khan al-Khalili. The Russian Arabist was listening and making mental notes of what was said. Besides that, he visited some book stalls, where he purchased a rear book, and observed what was happening at the evening streets of Cairo. Meanwhile the delegation, a part of which was the Author, met with the Russian Ambassador, participated in the opening ceremony of “The Russian Education in Egypt” exhibition, carried out the academic and practical conference “Human Being and the Values of the Contemporary World”, where Dr. Mikulsky had the honor of carrying out Arabic-Russian simultaneous interpretation. Thus, in this paper modern Cairo meets its Antiquity, the Middle Ages, the traditional Egyptian lifestyle, and the most acute contemporaneity.
Assessment of personnel risks of the personnel release process
Authors: Solovova Natalya V. , Kapustina Natalya N. , Kalmykova Olga Yu.
Published: July 2024

The problem of timely prevention of personnel risks is relevant for large industrial organizations due to a decrease in the comfort index of the organizational environment due to the socio-economic situation and ongoing organizational changes. In the article, the authors consider the problem of improving the methods of the process of releasing (dismissing) the personnel of an industrial organization in order to prevent personnel risks in modern socio-economic conditions. The purpose of the study is to develop scientific and practical recommendations for the implementation of methods for identifying and assessing personnel risks that arise in the process of personnel measures to release personnel from industrial organizations. As an empirical material, the analysis of scientific publications of Russian scientists on the research problem was carried out. Analysis of the effectiveness of the existing process of releasing the personnel of the industrial organization under study served as the basis for identifying and assessing the existing external and internal personnel risks. Based on the method of expert assessments, their significance and probability of occurrence were assessed, a profile of personnel risks was built and a personnel risk passport was formed for the release of personnel of an industrial organization. As a methodology, recommendations are presented that allow minimizing external and internal personnel risks of an industrial organization. Scientific novelty is determined by the proposed scientific and practical recommendations for improving the process of releasing personnel, ensuring the minimization of personnel risks of an industrial organization. Measures for the prevention and minimization of personnel risks in the process of dismissal (dismissal) of personnel include: development of documentation support (register and passport of personnel risks) of the process of dismissal of personnel; implementation of advanced training programs aimed at improving the managerial competence of personnel officers; annual stress monitoring and assessment of personnel risks.
Transformation processes of infrastructural institutions of the national innovation system of Russia in the context of import substitution of innovations
Authors: Bogatyrev Vladimir D. , Tyukavkin Nikolay M. , Vasiliev Boris N.
Published: July 2024

At the present stage, the infrastructure institutions of the National Innovation System are being actively transformed, caused primarily by the instability of the geopolitical situation, economic and political sanctions against Russia carried out by the states of Western Europe and the United States. In this regard, in order to preserve and develop state technological sovereignty and further improve innovation policy, it is necessary to improve the institutional innovation infrastructure. The national innovation system, taking into account the transformational processes in the innovation market, has a special role in improving the institutions for ensuring innovation activity, consisting of their interconnected economic entities and institutional organizations that interact with each other in the process of creating innovations. The transformation processes of NIS infrastructure institutions represent transformations of the structure of the innovation economy, methods and forms, as well as the target orientation of integrated support for the development and production of innovations, representing the main development of innovation activity. The author notes in the article that the development of any system includes functional and structural transformation associated with the preservation of its basic functions and the stability of its activities. As certain changes accumulate, a transformation begins in the system, which includes: first, changes in quantitative and qualitative parameters, and later, as they accumulate and the properties of the system change, its transformation occurs due to qualitative changes in parameters, culminating in the creation of a new system. Currently, the transformation of the innovation infrastructure is aimed at the integration of foreign economic activity and the formation of conditions for the creation of their own innovative industries that do not depend on imported technologies and components. A specific feature of the integration infrastructure is that it is the basic subsystem of innovative industrial production. The proposed comprehensive approach to the implementation of transformational processes in the innovation infrastructure is based on the criteria of its formation: functional purpose, territorial structure, industry orientation in the production of innovations. The use of an integrated approach to infrastructure transformation makes it possible to identify current trends and trends in its development. A new scientific result is a model of transformation of the institutes of the innovation infrastructure of NIS, with a key object – the national innovation cluster, which is an analogue of NIS. Also, as new scientific results, the author introduces the following concepts: «network institutes» and «institutes of digital twins».
Assessment of the impact of innovative potential of universities on the development of Russian regions
Authors: Alabaeva Natalia S.
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the impact of innovative potential of higher education institutions on regional development, which in the future will allow us to develop models of the impact of innovative development of universities on the level of regional development. The internal policy of the Russian Federation has been focused for several years on the transition to an innovative model of economy, which is reflected in many regulatory legal acts and government programs to support innovation. Individual regions of the Russian Federation have their own characteristic territorial and economic features, uneven development of various aspects of innovation processes, which requires building individual approaches to the development and implementation of regional innovation policy, as well as individual approaches to the development of models of the impact of innovative development of universities on the level of regional development. Regional systems are of paramount importance, since their level of development determines the formation of a system aimed at creating and implementing innovative projects that are necessary to meet the emerging needs of the economy and are aimed at its qualitative transformation to strengthen the state of the state and its competitive advantages. Universities are of strategic importance for regional innovative development, able to determine the optimal characteristics of innovative projects necessary to improve the economic and social condition. To identify the relationship between the innovation potential of Russian regions and their socio-economic development, as well as to assess the strength of this relationship, the following statistical indicators were considered in this study: gross regional product (GRP) per capita and the Russian Regional Innovation Index (RRII) calculated by the Higher School of Economics.
Fiscal policy and economic growth
Authors: Zotikov Nikolay Z.
Published: July 2024

The relevance of the research topic is due to the fact that socio-economic development of the country is impossible without an effective budgetary and tax policy as an integral part of the socio-economic policy of state aimed at ensuring a balanced growth of territories. The issue of balanced development of territories is becoming especially relevant in the current sanctions economic conditions. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of current tax and budget policy on the socio-economic development of the regions. The following methods were used in the study: analysis and synthesis, generalization, grouping, comparison, tabulation, etc. The subject of the study is the socio-economic indicators of the development of regions as a result of tax and budgetary policy. In the course of the study, it was found that the ongoing tax and budgetary policy does not ensure the successful development of territories: the unevenness of their socio-economic situation persists and intensifies. This is manifested in such indicators as the gross regional product, per capita cash income, investment in fixed assets. At the same time, due to the high centralization of the economy, which limits the autonomy of the subjects of the Federation in the formation of the resources necessary for progressive development, the regions are not able to pursue an independent tax and budgetary policy, the effectiveness of its implementation is limited by the powers granted to them in the public sector in conditions of limited revenue sources. Municipalities do not participate at all in the conduct of tax-budgetary policy; there are no taxes in their budgets that stimulate production growth. Under these conditions, a significant place in the regional and local budgets is occupied by interbudgetary transfers, which only cover the budget deficit, but do not stimulate production growth.
Main directions of PPP development in the Samara region
Authors: Klimentyeva Svetlana V.
Published: July 2024

Over the past two decades, leading statesmen of the Russian Federation have emphasized that they are building a social state that has great economic security and puts the quality of life of citizens at the forefront. This is supported by the development and implementation of national projects for the development of the country in priority areas, which are planned and implemented in the form of a number of programs at different administrative levels. At the same time, the history of the world economy has shown that the development of large infrastructure projects and a number of smaller, but very long-term and non-profitable ones, turns out to be impossible without the involvement of the state as an investor or guarantor in their financing. The role of the state especially increases when it is necessary to develop the country during periods of economic downturns and exit from them. In this case, various mechanisms and tools for organizing processes and their financing can be used. One of the well-established ways of implementing state programs for the development of territories and industries is public-private cooperation. However, it is necessary to approach it from the standpoint of complexity, identifying the most popular and promising areas and forms for the implementation of specific activities in various sectors, taking into account the socio-economic situation within a particular region. It is also important to determine the most effective level of implementation of public-private cooperation projects. Based on the complexity of projects, their cost and funding opportunities in modern Russia, they have become a regional level. It is at this level that the largest number of territorial and sectoral development projects are implemented, industry clusters are created, technology parks and other points of economic growth appear. At the same time, one of the leading regions in the field of public-private partnership over the past few years has been the Samara region. The article examines the evolution of public-private partnership, the current conditions in which the mechanism of public-private partnership is developing, and also suggests directions for its further development in the Samara region.
Methodology for implementing machine learning in the banking sector
Authors: Trusova Alla Yu. , Ilyina Alla I.
Published: July 2024

In the modern world, working with requests for IT support of own users has become an integral part of the work of companies. Regardless of the size and type of activity, every company is faced with a stream of requests related to technical problems from its employees. Solving the problem of speed and minimizing such requests is an important factor that determines the quality of the company’s work and affects the level of satisfaction of external clients and its own employees. Existing systems for automatic processing of requests require the implementation of fixed rules. Currently, they lack the ability to adapt to changing requirements and constantly updated program databases. Such systems cannot provide high-quality service and resolution of requests and require human participation, as they do not take into account individual needs. However, the development of machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies makes it possible to create self-learning automation systems that are able to adapt to changing needs and provide high-quality service. The paper describes a combined approach to studying issues related to improving the quality of an information system for interaction with internal users using banking as an example. Another significant achievement in the field of information technology in the banking sector was the introduction of blockchain technology. Blockchain allows banks to create secure and transparent systems for storing and transmitting data. Of particular note is that in recent years, banks have begun to actively use artificial intelligence (AI) to improve their services. AI allows banks to automate decision-making processes, analyze data and provide personalized services to customers. Along with the widespread use of information technology in the banking sector, new threats and risks in the field of cybersecurity are also developing. More sophisticated methods and threats are emerging that allow data theft from bank databases. Therefore, banks continue to improve information security systems and introduce new technologies to combat cyber threats.
Economic and mathematical modeling of the dependence of inflation indicators on the dynamics of government spending in Russia
Authors: Tyukavkin Nikolay M. , Morozova Svetlana A. , Nosova Maria K.
Published: July 2024

In conditions of macroeconomic instability characterized by increasing inflation and slowing growth or a decrease in gross domestic product (GDP), one of the main directions of government countercyclical regulation, along with monetary policy, is fiscal policy. However, if the existence of a bidirectional relationship between an increase in government spending and an inflation growth seems empirically justified in the context of the implementation of difficult-to-predict risk events, then determining the existence and nature of this relationship over a long period of time, including at various segments of the economic cycle, is a debatable issue of economic science and practice. In order to increase the efficiency of budget planning and minimize the possible inflationary consequences of a government spending growth, it becomes urgent to solve the problem of identifying, analyzing and modeling the dependence of inflation indicators on government spending in Russia. In the course of the study, theoretical concepts that reveal the nature and degree of this dependence are considered. The possibility of a multidirectional impact of changes in government spending on inflation, depending on the effect on aggregate demand and aggregate supply, the type of expenditure, the simultaneous impact of monetary policy measures, the characteristics of the national economy and macroeconomic factors, the methodology of the study, is revealed. The economic and mathematical model developed as a result of the study allows us to draw empirical conclusions about the presence of a weak and predominantly direct nonlinear dependence of inflation indicators on the dynamics of cash execution of public expenditures (with a lag of up to 10 months), which does not contradict the assumption of the dominant role of the channel of influence of changes in the volume of public expenditures on aggregate demand in the market of goods and services in the conditions of the Russian economy with a high share of payments to individuals in the structure of government spending.
Strategy for selecting optimal volumes of production activities with iterative learning
Authors: Pavlov Oleg V.
Published: July 2024

The problem of optimal control of production activities with iterative learning is considered. In the process of mastering new products, introducing new technologies and innovations at industrial enterprises, the effect of iterative learning is manifested, which leads to a reduction in time spent on manufacturing products while increasing the cumulative production volume. The goal of solving the problem is to reduce labor costs of industrial enterprises during the development of new products, the introduction of new technologies and innovations. The problem is formalized mathematically as a continuous-time optimal control task for a production system. The dynamics of change in the production system are described by an ordinary differential equation. Minimization of the integral growth rate of labor costs for production is considered as an optimality criterion. The original problem is reduced to the task of minimizing the integral natural logarithm of labor costs. An analytical solution to the problem is found using Pontryagin's maximum principle. A strategy for selecting optimal production volumes for any learning model has been determined. Optimal production volumes are selected in inverse proportion to the specific labor costs (labor intensity) for manufacturing products. It is shown that when choosing optimal production volumes, labor costs for manufacturing products are constant over the entire planning horizon.
Investments in the innovative development of Russian entrepreneurship and its state support
Authors: Zhugalev Ivan I.
Published: July 2024

The state plays a key role in creating favorable conditions for the development of innovative technologies and projects. It not only allocates financial resources for scientific research, but also develops a strategy for the development of specific sectors of the economy, which makes it possible to increase the country's competitiveness on the world stage. Effective cooperation of the state, business and scientific organizations is necessary for the successful implementation of innovative projects. Thanks to a large amount of financial resources and qualified management, Russian companies have the potential to quickly adapt to new conditions and introduce new technologies. Despite the significant efforts of the state and its active participation in the process of innovative transformations, the level of innovative activity of Russian enterprises remains low. The purpose of the article is to analyze the effectiveness of the system of stimulating innovation and innovation activity in the Russian Federation, as well as to determine the advantages and disadvantages of this system over similar systems in other countries. The paper analyzes the measures of state support for small innovative businesses in Russia, as well as the experience of foreign countries in the development of the innovation environment. In addition, a comparative analysis of the regions of the Russian Federation regarding the level of innovative development was carried out. The research methodology includes various activities aimed at using statistical data and information sources to analyze the results and determine trends in the development of the innovation climate. Data on the development of innovative activity of enterprises in various countries of the world and the regulatory framework regulating this activity in Russia were used as empirical material. Scientific novelty is determined by the concepts developed and proposed to support the innovative activities of enterprises in the Samara region. The proposed strategy can be applied to improve the system of innovative entrepreneurship in the Samara region, and will also improve the methods of state support for innovation in the Russian Federation.
Compensation of the multiplicative error in measuring socio-economic processes
Authors: Chertykovtsev Valery K.
Published: July 2024

Tools and techniques for studying socio-economic processes that were effective in achieving goals in the past require serious revision and adjustment using modern methods and information technologies. Today, in the process of researching socio-economic processes, the subjectivity of individual authorities without an evidence base prevails. Socio-economic processes are a complex multifunctional mechanism of interaction between many factors of human activity, therefore the human brain is not able to solve many modern problems. Information that circulates in socio-economic processes is characterized by large volumes and high frequency of updates, which requires high speed organization of the procedure for measuring process parameters, system analysis and its storage. Additional tools are required to solve complex socio-economic problems. Therefore, it is necessary to use modern mathematical methods and information technologies for their implementation. When using information to make management decisions, it must have the properties of high reliability, completeness and relevance. The work relates to the field of collecting and processing information intended for analysis, decision-making and process management in socio-economic systems. To collect information and make decisions in socio-economic systems, the method of expert assessment is widely used to build development trends. This method has both advantages (ease of collecting information) and disadvantages (low measurement accuracy). This often leads to incorrect trend construction and, as a result, incorrect decision-making when managing socio-economic processes. To eliminate this shortcoming, the work proposes a way to increase the accuracy of measuring the socio-economic process based on expert assessment. A mathematical model and algorithm for compensating the multiplicative measurement error have been developed. A methodology for collecting information about the socio-economic process based on expert assessment is proposed. A device has been developed that allows processing the received information and increasing the accuracy of the measurement process. Research has been carried out on the operation of a device for increasing the accuracy of expert assessment measurement results using modeling based on the Mathcad computer mathematics system.
Sliding Wear Characteristics of Zn-15Sn Alloy with Nano B4C Reinforced Composites
Authors: Janamatti Santosh V. , Jadar Raju , Angadi S. B. , Namdev Nagaraj , Kumar Subbaraya Mohan , Nagaral Madeva , Prashanth A. N.
Published: July 2024

In the current investigation, high pin-on-disc wear testing equipment was used to examine the impact of modest additions of nano B4C on the wear behaviour of a Zn alloy (85Zn-15Sn). Zn-Sn alloy behaviour at a constant SD of 2000m under pressures (10N, 20N, 30N, and 40N) and sliding speeds (1.4, 1.8, 2.3 and 2.8 m/s) was investigated. Microanalysis with SEM/EDX was used to characterise the matrix and worn surfaces. According to the results, the wear rate of Zn alloy rises with rising pressures, sliding speeds and distances in all situations examined and lowers with an additional level of 8 weight per cent B4C to the Zn alloy when tested. This is brought on by the partial refinement of Zn dendrites, as well as the precipitation hardening of solid solutions. The worn surface investigation suggests that the creation of a thick oxide layer during sliding enhances tribological features.
Influence of Welding Parameters on Weld Timings, Temperature Variation and Mechanical Strength of Friction Stir Welded AA6061 and AA6082 Alloy
Authors: Prashantha S. , Omkaresh B. R.
Published: July 2024

Friction stir welding is a type of welding that creates friction using a stirring tool while the work-pieces are held together in the welding joint configuration. Friction stir welding is a solid-state welding process. It is one of the efficient ways of joining technology of materials. The friction forces at a microscopic level to change the inner structure of metal properties and it is done by using the kinetic energy of friction in welding methods. This work is majorly carried out to optimize the process parameters like tool rotational speed, Feed, ultimate tensile strength of friction stir welded joint on AA6061 and AA6082 alloy. Welding speed and temperature variation in the workpiece during the welding is recorded for different trials. Failure analysis was carried out for different fractured surfaces by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) revels ductile fracture due to micro void coalescence. The maximum ultimate tensile strength was at a speed of 900 rpm, feed 31.5 mm/min indicates high joint efficiency. Welding speed is more at the feed 90mm/min. Maximum rise in the temperature is at speed 2000 rpm and feed 90 mm/min.
Effects of CNT Nanoparticles' on the Performance and Emission Study of CI Engines Utilizing a Combination of Diesel and Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel
Authors: Singh Rohit , Porwal Rajesh Kumar , Verma Vijay
Published: July 2024

In this work, the effects of adding Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) along with leftover cooking oil on a diesel engine's efficiency, emissions, and combustion properties were studied. After TEM examination, using an ultrasonicator, the MWCNT was combined with biodiesel fuel made from leftover cooking oil at concentrations of 0 and 25, parts per million. A constant speed of 1500 rpm was used to test these blends while varying engine loads. The experimental results indicated that the cylinder peak pressure, peak pressure rise rate, and heat release rate were slightly lower when MWCNTs were added to WCO fuel compared to pure WCO fuel. The innovative fuel mix significantly decreased CO and BSFC. Not only that, but the specific fuel consumption was lower than with pure WCO fuel, and the brake thermal efficiency was significantly altered.25 ppm was found to be the proper dose level of MWCNTs with WCO fuel based on engine capability and pollutant comparisons. All engine performance metrics significantly increased as a result.