bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genetic Background Matters: Population-based Studies in Model Organisms for Translational Research
Authors: Olguín Valeria , Durán Anyelo , Las-Heras Macarena , Rubilar Juan Carlos , Cubillos Francisco A. , Olguín Patricio , Klein Andrés D.
Published: May 2022

We are all similar, but a bit different. These differences are partially due to variations in our genomes and are related to the heterogeneity of symptoms and responses to treatments that patients exhibit. Most animal studies are performed in one single strain with one manipulation. However, due to the lack of variability, therapies are not always reproducible when treatments are translated to humans. Panels of already sequenced organisms are valuable tools for mimicking human phenotypic heterogeneities and gene mapping. This review summarizes the current knowledge of mouse, fly and yeast panels with insightful applications for translational research.
Beyond Inhibition: A Novel Strategy of Targeting HIV-1 Protease to Eliminate Viral Reservoirs
Authors: Kim Josh G , Shan Liang
Published: May 2022

HIV-1 protease (PR) is a viral enzyme that cleaves viral polyprotein precursors to convert them into functional forms, a process essential to generate infectious viral particles. Due to its broad substrate specificity, HIV-1 PR can also cleave certain host cell proteins. Several studies have identified host cell substrates of HIV-1 PR and described the potential impact of their cleavage on HIV-1-infected cells. Of particular interest is the interaction between PR and the caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 8 (CARD8) inflammasome. While PR typically has low levels of intracellular activity prior to viral budding, induction of premature PR activation to trigger CARD8-mediated cell killing may help eliminate latent reservoirs in people living with HIV. In this review, we discuss the viral and host substrates of HIV-1 protease and highlight potential applications and advantages of targeting CARD8 sensing of HIV-1 PR.
ORFeome Phage Display Reveals a Major Immunogenic Epitope on the S2 Subdomain of SARS-Cov-2 Spike Protein
Authors: Ballmann Rico , Hotop Sven-Kevin , Bertoglio Federico , Steinke Stephan , Heine Philip Alexander , Chaudhry M.-Zeeshan , Jahn Dieter , Pucker Boas , Baldanti Fausto , Piralla Antonio , Schubert Maren , Čičin-Šain Luka , Hust Michael , Dübel Stefan
Published: May 2022

The development of antibody therapies against SARS-CoV-2 remains a challenging task during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. All approved therapeutic antibodies are directed against the receptor binding domain (RBD) of Spike and lost neutralization efficacy against continuously emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, which especially mutate in the RBD region. Previously, phage display has been used to identify epitopes of antibody responses against several diseases. Such epitopes have been applied to design vaccines or neutralizing antibodies. Here, we constructed an ORFeome phage display library for the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Open reading frames (ORFs) representing the SARS-CoV-2 genome were displayed on the surface of phage particles in order to identify enriched immunogenic epitopes from COVID-19 patients. Library quality was assessed by both, NGS and epitope mapping of a monoclonal antibody with known binding site. The most prominent epitope captured represented parts of Spike´s fusion peptide (FP). It is associated with the cell entry mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cell and the serine protease TMPRSS2 cleaves Spike within this sequence. Blocking of this mechanism could be a potential target for non-RBD binding therapeutic anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. As mutations within the FP amino acid sequence were rather rare among SARS-CoV-2 variants so far, this may be an advantage in the fight against future virus variants.
Fludrocortisone Induces Aortic Pathologies in Mice
Authors: Ye Dien , Wu Congqing , Chen Hui , Liang Ching L. , Howatt Deborah A. , Franklin Michael K. , Moorleghen Jessica J. , Tyagi Samuel C. , Uijl Estrellita , Danser A.H. Jan , Sawada Hisashi , Daugherty Alan , Lu Hong S.
Published: May 2022

Background and Objective: In an experiment designed to explore the mechanisms of fludrocortisone-induced high blood pressure, we serendipitously observed aortic aneurysms in mice infused with fludrocortisone. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether fludrocortisone induces aortic pathologies in both normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic mice. Methods and Results: Male adult C57BL/6J mice were infused with either vehicle (85% polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400) and 15% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); N=5) or fludrocortisone (12 mg/kg/day dissolved in 85% PEG-400 and 15% DMSO; N=15) for 28 days. Fludrocortisone-infused mice had higher systolic blood pressure, compared to mice infused with vehicle. Fludrocortisone induced aortic pathologies in 4 of 15 mice with 3 having pathologies in the ascending and aortic arch regions and 1 having pathology in both the ascending and descending thoracic aorta. No pathologies were noted in abdominal aortas. Subsequently, we infused either vehicle (N=5/group) or fludrocortisone (N=15/group) into male ApoE -/- mice fed a normal laboratory diet or LDL receptor -/- mice fed either normal or Western diet. Fludrocortisone increased systolic blood pressure, irrespective of mouse strain or diet. In ApoE -/- mice infused with fludrocortisone, 2 of 15 mice had ascending aortic pathologies, but no mice had abdominal aortic pathologies. In LDL receptor -/- mice fed normal diet, 5 had ascending/arch pathologies, 1 had pathologies in the ascending, arch, and suprarenal aortic regions. In LDL receptor -/- mice fed Western diet, 2 died of aortic rupture in either the descending thoracic or abdominal region, and 2 of the 13 survived mice had ascending/arch aortic pathologies. Aortic pathologies included hemorrhage, wall thickening or thinning, or dilation. Given the low incidence, only ascending aortic diameter in LDLR -/- mice fed Western diet reached statistical significance, compared to their vehicle. Conclusion: Fludrocortisone induces aortic pathologies independent of hypercholesterolemia. The findings in mouse studies have the potential to provide caution to people who are taking or have taken fludrocortisone that could have an increased risk of aortic pathologies.
Agricultural Big Data Architectures in the Context of Climate Change: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Cravero Ania , Bustamante Ana , Negrier Marlene , Galeas Patricio
Published: May 2022

Climate change is currently one of the main problems facing agriculture to achieve sustainability. It causes situations such as drought, increased rainfall, and increased diseases, causing a decrease in food production. In order to combat these problems, Agricultural Big Data contributes with tools that allow improving the understanding of complex, multivariate, and unpredictable agricultural ecosystems through the collection, storage, processing, and analysis of vast amounts of data from diverse heterogeneous sources. This research aims to discuss the advancement of technologies used in Agricultural Big Data architectures in the context of climate change. The study aims to highlight the tools used to process, analyze, and visualize the data and discuss the use of the architectures in the crop, water, climate, and soil management, especially to analyze the context, whether it is in Resilience Mitigation or Adaptation. The PRISMA protocol guided the study, finding 33 relevant papers. Despite the advances in this line of research, few papers were found that mention the components of the architectures, in addition to the lack of standards and the use of reference architectures, which allow the proper development of Agricultural Big Data in the context of climate change.
Buckling Behavior of Different Types of Woven Structures Under Axial Compression Loads
Authors: Song Guangkai , Sun Bohua
Published: May 2022

Weaving is an ancient and effective structural forming technique characterized by the ability to convert two-dimensional ribbons to three-dimensional structures. However, most 3D structures woven from straight ribbons have topological defects. Baek et al. proposed a method to weave smoother continuous 3D surface structures using naturally curved (in-plane) ribbons, obtained a new surface structure with relatively continuous variation of Gaussian curvature, and analyzed its geometric properties. We believe that this new 3D surface structure with smooth geometric properties must correspond to new mechanical properties. To this end, we investigated a 3D surface structure using naturally curved (in-plane) ribbon weaving, and the results of calculations and experiments show that such structures have better buckling stability than those woven with straight ribbons. It is observed that the number of ribbons influences the buckling behavior of different types of woven structures.
Spacetime as a Whole
Authors: Jamali Alireza
Published: May 2022

There is no formal difference between particles and black holes. This formal similarity lies in the intersection of gravity and quantum theory; quantum gravity. Motivated by this similarity, `wave-black hole duality' is proposed, which requires having a proper energy-momentum tensor of spacetime itself. Such a tensor is then found as a consequence of `principle of minimum gravitational potential'; a principle that corrects the Schwarzschild metric and predicts extra periods in orbits of the planets. In search of the equation that governs changes of observables of spacetime, a novel Hamiltonian dynamics of a Pseudo-Riemannian manifold based on a vector Hamiltonian is adumbrated. The new Hamiltonian dynamics is then seen to be characterized by a new `tensor bracket' which enables one to finally find the analogue of Heisenberg equation for a `tensor observable' of spacetime.
Educational Play-Based Activities with Coderbot in a Pediatric Short-Term Recovery Ward: A Case Study Intervention
Authors: Castiglioni Marco , Caldiroli Cristina Liviana , Antonietti Alessandro
Published: May 2022

Being hospitalized is a threatening and stressful experience for many children. From a psychological point of view, children may experience increased feelings of anxiety and fear that can negatively interfere with behavioral, cognitive, and emotional outcomes. To limit these impacts on children's well-being and mental health, interventions that could contribute to protecting the emotional domain of hospitalized children are welcomed. The present research reported a single-setting case study intervention to evaluate the impact of educational play-based activity with a CoderBot robot in a pediatric short-term recovery ward (N=61). The methodology included multiple sources of data (i.e., children, parents, nurses), observations on the field, and a sequential (quantitative-qualitative) mixed-method approach to data analysis. Results supported the idea that robot-based activities were associated with increased participant well-being (particularly positive emotions). The conclusions of this pilot study discuss the strengths, limitations, and further developments of using robots with hospitalized children.
Forradalmi és csataképek. Jókai novelláskötete a szabadságharc után
Authors: Adamikné Jászó Anna
Published: May 2022

A novellák a szabadságharc leverése után, 1850 júliusában jelentek meg Sajó álnéven, de mindenki tudta, ki rejtőzik az álnév mögött. Nagy népszerűséget hoztak Jókainak, mivel vigaszt nyújtottak a szomorú országnak, és nemcsak vigaszt, hanem erkölcsi útmutatást is adtak. A tanulmány bemutatja a novellákat, ezek előterében olyan emberi sorsokat rajzol az író, amelyekkel azonosulni lehetett. A történelmi események a háttérben húzódnak meg, valósághű ábrázolással. A novellák szerkezete sokféle, későbbi, modern struktúrákat előlegez meg. Stílusuk is sokszínű – mindig a tartalomnak megfelelően. A megrázó érzelmeket fennkölt stílus jellemzi, elsősorban alakzatokkal ékesítve, gyakran ritmikus prózában. Ez a fennkölt stílus indokolt, sokszor az enthümémára épülő érvelés része. Az iskolai magyartanításban nem szoktunk figyelmet fordítani Jókai novelláira. A Csataképeket be lehetne mutatni a tanulóknak, mind történelem-, mind irodalomórákon, nemcsak ismeretközlés, hanem stilisztikai elemzés céljából is. Különösen alkalmas erre A fehér angyal és A kis szürke ember, már csak azért is, mert rövidek, felolvashatók, izgalmas beszélgetéseket ösztönözhetnek, és a Jókai által tisztelt Görgeyről és Bemről szólnak.
Topik? Fókusz? Javaslatok a szórend tanításának megújításához
Authors: Imrényi András
Published: May 2022

A tanulmány kiindulópontja, hogy bizonyos, a generatív nyelvészetből eredő szakkifejezések a magyar mint idegen nyelv tanításában és az anyanyelv-pedagógiában is kezdenek meghonosodni. Amikor a magyar szórendről esik szó, gyakori a topik(pozíció) és fókusz(pozíció) terminusok használata. A cikk a leírni kívánt jelenségek szempontjából mutat rá a generatív fogalomértelmezések és a pedagógiai definíciók eltérésére, továbbá hiányosságaikra. A javaslat szerint a topikok a kontextualizálók egyik altípusát képviselik csupán, e tágabb kategória jellemzéséhez pedig nem a logikai viszonyokra vagy a referenciális jelentésre, hanem a feldolgozás módjára, a közös figyelmi jelenetben zajló társas megismerésre kell tekintettel lenni. Ami az igét közvetlenül megelőző, főhangsúlyos kifejezéseket illeti, ezeket nem egy kitölthető pozícióhoz rendelt értelmezési szabállyal, hanem az igéhez fűződő viszonyuk szerint érdemes jellemezni. A javaslat didaktikai elemekkel is kiegészül, párhuzamot von például a kontextualizálás és a hashtagek használata között.
A mássalhangzó-hosszúság észlelése 1. és 2. osztályos tanulóknál: életkori és nemek közötti különbségek
Authors: Neuberger Tilda
Published: May 2022

A pedagógiai és a logopédiai gyakorlatban gyakran tapasztalható, hogy az iskolába lépő gyermek beszédpercepciós folyamatai nem érik el az életkorában elvárható szintet. Az elmaradás a beszédhangok jegyeinek észlelési nehézségéből is fakadhat. A tanulmány egy kisiskolások körében végzett, a mássalhangzó-hosszúság észlelésére irányuló percepciós vizsgálat eredményeit mutatja be: a zöngétlen explozívákat tartalmazó döntési tesztben adott válaszokban a hét- és nyolcévesek életkori és nemek közötti különbségeire fókuszál. Az eredmények alátámasztották, hogy ebben a korban a mássalhangzóhosszúság-észlelés folyamatai hasonlóan zajlanak nemtől függetlenül. Továbbá megmutatták, hogy a hosszúság megítélésében milyen életkori sajátosságok tapasztalhatók az iskoláskor kezdetén. A kutatás az eredmények alapján igyekszik felhívni a figyelmet a hangidőtartamra irányuló fejlesztő gyakorlatok minél korábbi alkalmazására.
Organic Matter Enrichment of Black Shale at the Turn of Ordovician-Silurian in the Paleosedimentary Center in Southern Sichuan Basin, Upper Yangtze Area
Authors: Cui Yue , Li Xizhe , Han Lingling , Guo Wei , Lin Wei , Chang Rui , Shen Weijun , Huang Yize , Qian Chao
Published: May 2022

Herein, integrated vertical variation characteristic analysis was conducted by measuring total organic carbon (TOC), major and trace elements in Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian (Wufeng-Longmaxi formations) black shale in Weiyuan, Luzhou, and Changning areas, southern Sichuan Basin to clarify the control of organic matter (OM) enrichment in different sublayers. According to the cycle boundary, it was divided into member 1 (submember 1 and submember 2) and member 2 from early to late Longmaxi formation, while it was divided into 4 sublayers from early to late during submember 1 depositional period. Under the warm and humid paleoclimate, high paleoproductivity, and gradually oxic paleoredox conditions, the TOC content (0.22-3.27 wt% in Luzhou area) in Wufeng formation increased gradually from early to late under the cocontrolling of tectonic framework and stagnant sea. After the glacial period, the warm and humid climate of Wufeng formation continued in Longmaxi formation, and TOC content reached the highest in sublayer 1 (2.02-4.02 wt%, 4.78 wt%, and 6.45 wt% in Weiyuan, Luzhou, and Changning areas, respectively), due to the high paleoproductivity and high sea level caused by melting glaciers, causing the extremely anoxic environment. The OM was preserved best. It remains higher in sublayer 2 (2.39 wt%, 3.69-4.18 wt%, and 3.5-3.86 wt% in three areas, respectively) because of the anoxic environment caused by deep water and the high paleoproductivity, but the temporary hot and dry environment has a certain negative impact on the OM preservation. Under the stable paleoproductivity, sublayer 3 has a character of water decreasing slowly, and the suboxic environment led to the decrease of TOC content (3.82-5.28 wt% and 3.77-4.13 wt% in Luzhou and Changning areas, respectively). Meanwhile, that in the yuan area became deeper and the TOC content became relatively higher (1.92-3.33 wt%). Under the open environment, sublayer 4 was controlled by lower sea level caused by regression, resulting in lower TOC content (1.31-4.57 wt%, 1.64-3.52 wt%, and 3.88-4.49 wt% in three areas, respectively). However, the global regression of the submember 2 period, high terrigenous debris dilution, and oxic environment lead to the no preservation of OM. Generally speaking, the enrichment of OM is not only affected by the changes of global sea level and paleoproductivity to some extent (Longmaxi shale) but also controlled by the tectonic framework in Sichuan Basin (Wufeng shale). The findings of this study can help for a better understanding of the OM enrichment mechanism and provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of high-quality source rocks.
The Effect of Alkaline on the Properties of Combination Flooding Agent During Long Distance Migration in Daqing Oilfield
Authors: Zhou Xiaofeng , Wei Jianguang , Yang Ying , Le Shihao , Jia Bao , Shang Demiao , Pu Baoping , Zhang Zongxun , Ma Yunfei
Published: May 2022

Combination flooding, which performs well on both sweep efficiency and displacement efficiency, is being extensively utilized in Daqing Oilfield. Surfactant-polymer (SP) flooding and alkaline-surfactant-polymer (ASP) flooding are two of the most used combination flooding techniques. According to the findings, alkaline lowers the oil-water interfacial tension and reduces the other component’s adsorption. Nevertheless, alkaline also has negative effects like scaling and cost increasing. Therefore, the use of alkaline in combination flooding is still disputed. In order to clarify the role of alkaline on combination flooding, SP and ASP flooding comparative tests are conducted with typical formula in Daqing Oilfield. A 3000-centimeter long model is built to simulate long distance migration for the property change study. During the flooding, fluid samples are obtained along the model, and the properties of the samples such as viscosity, interfacial tension (IFT), and components concentration are measured. According to the findings, the 3.60 percent higher recovery rate caused by ASP flooding compared to SP flooding is primarily due to the near inlet area. In ASP flooding, alkaline reduces polymer and surfactant near inlet dynamic retention by 20.16% and 13.43%, respectively, when compared to SP flooding. Besides, alkaline also maintains viscosity at a higher level and IFT at a lower level in the first third of the well spacing in ASP flooding. Consequently, the effects of alkaline are noticeable in the near inlet area and fade as distance increase.
Monistic Interpretation of Experience in A. Bogdanov’s Positivism
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Loktionov Mikhail V.
Published: May 2022

The article is devoted to intellectual heritage of Alexander A. Bogdanov and fo­cuses on the philosophy of empiriomonism, a common thread running through all his work. The relevance of his way of understanding the world lies in the fact that the monistic understanding of experience is linked to the activity approach. Defending the position of positivism as a “scientific” philosophy, Bogdanov tried to substantiate the dynamics of the social process on the Marxist platform. But this led him to break with his colleagues in the revolutionary movement and to excommunication from revolutionary activity, because his innovative thoughts comparable only to the transition from Newtonian mechanics to quantum physics, were not understood. From Bogdanov’s point of view, any dogmatiza­tion leads to the transformation of a scientific concept into a religious doctrine, which orthodoxly consolidates its tenets/postulates. He develops these ideas in the book “General Organizational Science”. Tektology, in his opinion, already went beyond the framework of philosophy and was not just a science, but also a methodology of knowledge, as well as a style of scientific thinking, which sci­ence was striving to master, initially without realizing it. As shown in the article, his approach turned out to be quite consistent with today's worldview based on the principles of quantum mechanics and the idea of the interdependence of the object and the researcher.
Dialectics and Metaphysics in A.F. Losev’s Creativity
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN-University), Kirabaev Nur S. , Nizhnikov Sergei A. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN-University)
Published: May 2022

The article analyzes A.F. Losev’s understanding of metaphysics and dialectics, their relationship. As is known, A.F. Losev, like Hegel, sharply criticizes meta­physics as a purely rational view of phenomena and objects, that is, by meta­physics he understands primarily the method of cognition. On the other hand, understanding the term “metaphysics” in its classical, Aristotelian meaning, as “the first philosophy”, the doctrine of the super-existent, allows us to assert that dialectics finalize by Losev in metaphysics, which is understood as “absolute mythology” when logical categories acquire substantial being. Metaphysics it­self, in essence, is not opposed by him to dialectics, but a peculiar dialectical “first philosophy” is formed, which is simultaneously an “absolute dialectic”, embodied in the name and “absolute mythology”. Dialectics both ascends to the metaphysics of the One, and proceeds from it. By analogy with Plato’s “Timaeus”, Losev unites thought and being, dialectics and metaphysics, philoso­phy and theology. Continuing and in a peculiar way developing the tradition of Russian metaphysical thought (as S.S. Khoruzhy and L.A. Gogotishvili consider, albeit in different ways), it can be stated that a person is also thought of by Losev as a metaphysical being (following S.N. Trubetskoy, S.L. Frank and etc.), “ad­vanced into Nothingness” (M. Heidegger), the essence of whom unfolds and is acquired through the transcending of existing. At the same time, Losev's anthro­pology is personalistic in nature – existential, substantial and creationist, which is connected with his perception of hesychasm.
Local Deities (kami) in Medieval Japanese Buddhism in Japan: The Writings of Jien
Authors:   Institute of Foreign Languages in Moscow City University, Fedianina Vladlena A.
Published: May 2022

In this study the author analyzes how the nature of Japanese deities known as kami was understood in the medieval Japanese philosophical tradition. The ar­ticle is focused on the discourses produced by the Tendai school of Buddhism at the beginning of 13th century. The study is based on cycles of poems (hōraku), as well as the historical and literary work “Gukanshō”, composed by the Tendai monk Jien (1155–1255). Textual analysis of Jien’s writings allows us to clarify how the nature of the kami were interpreted in Buddhist terms by using the concept of honji suijaku (trace manifestations of original nature). The author shows Jien’s mode of interaction with local kami and Buddhism to demonstrate how it was framed within medieval Japanese cosmology. Findings reveal how Jien distinguished different kinds of kami by their relation to “Prin­ciples” (dōri).
Beyond the Welfare State: From Wealth to Minimalism in Basic Income
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Sidorina Tatiana Yu. , Zabolotin Maxim E. ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics
Published: May 2022

The article considers the phenomenon of the welfare state in the conditions of the next stage of the socio-cultural crisis. Having considered the basic provisions of this model, the reasons for the failure of welfare democracy, as well as possi­ble ways to overcome the crisis, the authors analyze the experience of charity in history, the practice of gratuitous assistance and discuss the justification for introducing the concept of an unconditional basic income as a guarantor of stabi­lizing social discordance, overcoming the social crisis, including the labor crisis. The authors base their reasoning on the concepts of Z. Bauman, U. Beck, A. Gortz, K. Polanyi and other thinkers of the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, as well as on the developments of social philosophers of the first decades of the 21st century, who discussed issues of social dependence and moral degrada­tion resulting from uncontrolled social assistance. The authors of the article ad­dress the questions whether this idea is new, whether it returns to the practices of paternalism that did not meet expectations, whether the introduction of a basic income will become a substitute for the policy of the welfare state, an imper­sonal system of payments, are the proposed solutions capable of providing the foundations for a new way of life in a society that has lost labor as a system that determined the basic postulates of life. Answering the question, what did the basic income actually turn out to be, the authors of the article come to the conclusion that the introduction of an unconditional basic income is a consistent and veiled rejection of the model of a social democratic state with its social protection programs, which for many decades has been quite justifiably con­sidered an achievement of mankind.
The Reflection of Japan Noblemen’s Religious Thought in Setsuwa Tales: Kojidan
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolyada Maria S.
Published: May 2022

The paper presents an examination of ways in which religious views of medieval Japan noblemen are reflected in the didactic tales (setsuwa) literature – on the example of Kojidan (Tales About Old Matters), a setsuwa collection compiled in the early 13th century. Due to social status of the author, Minamoto-no Akikane, this collection is an instance of nobleman’s religious thought as itself. It consists of six chapters, and each one of those includes religious-themed tales. The fifth chapter is devoted to temples and shrines. Selected stories from this section became a material for analyses in this paper. Noblemen are depicted there as patrons of Buddhism in Japan like prince Shōtoku Taishi, as founders of temples and dedicated to gods kami shrines, as well as parishioners who can be awarded with miracle in response to their prayers, or evil sinners. There are greatest temple-shrines complexes that are mentioned in this chapter and be­tween heroes there are many high-standing persons as famous as Fujiwara-no Michinaga. Akikane pays attention to the formal relationships between policy and religion institutions, and the greatest interest for him lies in matters of peo­ple’s faith. There is sizable amount of sources used by compiler, some of those are earlier collections of setsuwa tales. Akikane adopted these stories and made subtle changes in them to achieve wanted impression: for instance, he made it with tale about sinner Nagate, borrowed from Nihon ryōiki
Institute of Philosophy and Philosophy of Institutes
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Rubtsov Alexander V.
Published: May 2022

The conflict with the appointment of an interim leadership at the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences is seen as both situational and systemic. The problem corresponds to the main topics of the author's research: 1) modern and postmodern; 2) general theory of ideology and analysis of spe­cific ideological processes; 3) problems of intellectual, political and institutional freedom. Attempts to discredit the activities of the Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences in terms of format and style fit, on the one hand, into the traditions of the well-known “doctors’ plot”, and on the other hand, into the experience of the latest extreme postmodernism with its most open ec­lecticism and disconnection from external reference. At the same time, there is an implicit attitude towards ideology not as a system of ideas, but as a system of institutions. This allows us to talk about analogies with the practice of raider capture. Philosophy is considered as a self-sufficient and at the same time prac­tically oriented type of intellectual activity. This self-sufficiency brings it closer to art, in which, starting from a certain level of masterpieces and geniuses, gen­eral value hierarchical comparisons are considered not quite correct.
Rethinking Medieval Paradigms in the Era of Digitalization on the Example of the Ismaili Community
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Korneeva Tatiana G.
Published: May 2022

The article raises the question of the influence of the Arab-Muslim philosophical paradigm, explicated in the works of medieval Ismaili philosophers, on the choice of the path of development of the Ismaili community in the 21st century. In the first part of the article, the main categorical pairs of the Arab-Muslim dis­course are considered: “explicit – hidden” and “basis – branch”. The creation of the world, according to Ismaili thinkers, is, in fact, the embodiment of “subtle” knowledge into coarse matter. The Universal Soul, the true demiurge of our world, has clothed the knowledge of the Universal Mind in matter both at the level of the physical world and at the level of the world of religion. The task of a person in the picture of the world given by these pairs of metacategories is to “reveal” the hidden knowledge and to know the “truth” of each phenomenon, which is achieved by balancing the hidden and explicit aspects. The second part examines the main activities of the Aga Khan Ismaili Network for development in the 21st century and analyzes the statements of the Ismaili imam that deter­mine the direction of the Ismaili society in our days. The author concludes that the same categorical apparatus remains in the 21st century as in the 11th century, and it has a significant impact on the formation of the concepts of development and direction of the Ismaili community. The category of knowledge remains one of the fundamental categories of the modern Ismaili community and determines the vector of activity of an extensive network of foundations, institutions and or­ganizations. At the same time, in the very structure of the structure of the Aga Khan’s Development Network, one can trace the influence of a pair of meta-cat­egories “basis – branch”, which served as the basis for the formation of the Is­maili state in the 10–11th centuries.
Hermann Cohen on the Relationship between Judaism and Christianity
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Belov Vladimir N.
Published: May 2022

The article presents an analysis of the religious and philosophical views of Hermann Cohen, one of the most prominent German and Jewish philosophers of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, the founder of the Marburg school of neo-Kantianism. The author substantiates certain changes in these views, characteristic of two periods of his work, in the second of which, in contrast to the first, religious issues become decisive. In the first of the highlighted periods, the Marburg philosopher substantiates the idea that Judaism is a part of German culture, rejects any form of not only anti-Semitism, but also Zionism, strives to point out the obvious difference between cultural and religious assimilation, emphasizing the possibility of the existence of a single German nation based on religious differences between Christians and Jews. Cohen defends his conviction that the German spirit is strengthened precisely through the religious originality of Judaism, by the Jews defending their religious uniqueness. In the second period of his work, that is, since 1912, the Marburg philosopher is making more and more efforts to propose rational grounds for distinguishing Judaism from Christianity and to substantiate here the greater contribution of the religion of Judaism to the cultural progress of mankind. The author emphasizes that with all the features and changes in Cohen’s attitude to religion and in his assessment of the nature of the interaction between Judaism and Christianity, two main features remained dominant and unchanged. Firstly, it is devotion to one’s religious beliefs and upholding their uniqueness and dignity, and, secondly, it is the confidence in the need to unite the efforts of Judaism and Christianity in the social transformation of society on the basis of morality. The Marburg philosopher saw no contradiction between the desire for recognition of Jewish religious identity and the striving for a harmonious relationship between Judaism and Christianity.
M.C. Nussbaum’s Capability Approach: Between Normativity and Relativism
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Kudriashova Valeriia K.
Published: May 2022

Many philosophical ideas of the American philosopher Martha Nussbaum are relevant and widespread in contemporary ethics and political philosophy. The most notorious of her theoretical ideas is her capability approach, designed to achieve basic human capabilities and to ensure respect for human dignity and a minimum level of social justice. The first problem considered in this article is the status of neo-Aristotelian ethics that is usually seen only as a critical theory, not a normative one, and Nussbaum’s primary attempt to classify neo-Aristotelians as either anti-Utilitarians or anti-Kantians. Despite this differentiation in her one article, there is no such distinction in her further works. The second problem in question is a reconstruction of the Aristotelian approach of virtues in the Nussbaumian interpretation and her attempt to combine it with two types of her capability approach – the basic and the global one. The article also focuses on whether the capability approach is normative or relativistic, and its critique.
A remote attestation model and protocol for multimedia mobile edge computing security
Authors: Zhang Zhiyong , Shao Dongxia , Zhang Lili , Gupta Brij B.
Published: May 2022

At the present, participants in the multimedia mobile edge computing (MMEC) environment encrypt multimedia data when the Terminal communicates with mobile edge computing cloud or central cloud, ensuring data confidentiality and transmission security. However, there is no authentication of the platform identities' authenticity for participants and verification of the devices' integrity; this is a challenging problem. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel remote attestation model and protocol for the security of MMEC, namely MMECRA model and protocol. Firstly, participants from the MMECRA model and protocol execute some operations to comprehensively guarantee data security, platform identity security, and integrity state-maintained, such as mutual identity anonymous authentication, mutual integrity measurement, and mutual integrity verification operations. Then, the formal analysis with Burrows-Abadi-Needham (BAN) logic and the analysis of important security performance show that the protocol is superior to the existing security schemes in terms of privacy protection ability and anti-attack ability. Moreover, the simulation results demonstrate that the MMECRA protocol in the state of non-intensive multimedia resource requests can effectively reduce the computational cost.
WITHDRAWN: Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Islam-Based Interventions (IBIs) and Pharmacotherapy (PTh) for Patients with Major Depressive Disorder-Mild (MDD-m): A Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Abbas Qasir , Shahbaz Nudrat , Rauf Umara , Anwar Nida , Baig Khawar Bilal ,   6.	Zoobia Ramzan, Shahzadi Mafia
Published: May 2022

Background
Major depressive disorders (MDD) is common worldwide, and it causes significant functional impairment. Evidence-based therapies significantly address MDD symptoms severity; therefore, we aimed to investigate the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy (PTh), cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), and Islam-based interventions (IBIs) to treat symptoms severity of patients MDD-m.
Methods
This RCT was conducted by the Department of Applied Psychology, Government College University Faisalabad, from December 20, 2020, to October 31, 2021, at different hospitals in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Patients with MDD-m were allocated to three different evidence-based treatment approaches (i.e. PTh, CBT, & IBIs). Patients Health Questionnaire; Positive & Negative Affect Scale, Digit Span Scale, Standard Progressive Matrices, Self-Esteem Scale and Decision-Making Questionnaire were administered. SPSS version 27 was used to analyze the data.
Results
A total of 210 were approached, 159 were assessed for eligibility, and 118 met the inclusion criteria, including males 66(55.94%) and females 52(44.06%) with the age range of 22 to 46 years. Findings reported all the treatment interventions produced significant treatment outcomes to reduce the depressive symptoms and improve memory, reasoning ability, decision-making skills, self-esteem, and wellbeing. PTh was an effective supportive intervention, while CBT and IBIs played an effective role as reeducative constructive therapies.
Conclusion
All three interventions seem to be effective for major depressive disorder with mild severity, and CBT and IBIs emerged as more efficient and constructive therapies for MDD-m.
Global warming impairs the chemical attractiveness to pollinators
Authors: Cordeiro Guaraci , Dötterl Stefan
Published: May 2022

Global warming is expected to impact the chemical communication between flowering plants and their pollinators. Here, we aimed to test by chemical analytical, electrophysiological, and behavioral approaches whether temperature-induced shifts in floral scent of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) affect chemical communication with its main bee pollinators (Apis mellifera, Bombus terrestris, Osmia bicornis). While strawberry flowers in the optimum scenario released 10.4 ng/flower/hour, mainly p-anisaldehyde (81%) and seven other scent compounds, in the warmer scenario, the flowers did not emit any detectable scent. In the behavioral experiments, the pollinators were attracted by the scents of the optimum scenario. We predict that the absence of detectable scent emissions from strawberry plants grown under heat stress will drastically reduce the attractiveness of the flowers to the pollinators. Our study raises important ecological and agricultural questions, as decreased attractiveness of flowers to pollinators might result in insufficient pollination with negative consequences for ecosystem functioning and crop yields.
The top 50 cited classic publications on clubfoot research: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Shu Boshen , Ou Xuehai , Geng Peishuo , Hu Leiming
Published: May 2022

Background: The publication citation number incarnates the impact of the article in a special research field. Bibliometric analysis regarding the top cited publications has been extensively used in orthopedics and its subspecialties. Whereas， to our knowledge, no bibliometric analysis in clubfoot research area has been made. We aimed to identify and analyze the characteristics of the top 50 cited publications on clubfoot. Methods: Publications on clubfoot from 1945 to 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database. Different aspects of top 50 cited articles, including titles, journals, authors, decades, citation number, institutions, countries, topics, study types, evidence levels, impact factor, impact index were recorded and analyzed.Results: The top 50 cited papers were published from 1962 to 2011 with total citation number ranged from 380 to 63. The 2000s was the most productive decade. Fifteen journals constituted of top 50 publications. United States hold the majority of originated countries, followed by United Kingdom and France. Outcome was the most popular topic discussed. Level III was the most common evidence level in top 50 cited articles. Clinical studies constituted the most of publications.Conclusions: This study may present valuable insights into the development of clubfoot research and provide help for researchers who want to obtain the important information on the classic publications.
Assessment of the Performance of selected Special Care Newborn Units (SCANUs) in Bangladesh
Authors: Sharmin Shamina , Matin Md Ziaul , Kim Minjoon , Sayem Abu Sadat Mohammad , Rahman Fazlur , Abdu Abu Sayeed Md. , Chaudhury Mowla Baksh , Halim Abdul
Published: May 2022

Background: Government of Bangladesh initiated the Special Care Newborn Units (SCANU) in 2011 at selected district hospitals followed by its scale up in other districts with support from UNICEF and other partners. The objective of the study was to assess the performance of those SCANUs in Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional study approach was applied for assessment of the performance of SCANU facilities compared to facilities without SCANU. Fifteen facilities with SCANUs and 5 facilities without SCANUs were selected from eight divisions of the country for the study. The selected SCANU and Non-SCANU facilities were of secondary level hospital with similar patient flow and workload. Quantitative data were collected from direct observation of the 20 facilities and interviews with 678 caregivers using a field-tested questionnaire. Caregivers were mothers of the infants (≤ 59 days old) who were admitted and stayed for at least one day in those hospitals. Analysis was done using Stata version 15.1 and presented in tabular, graphical and numerical measures of central tendency and dispersion.Result: The results of the assessment found that 60% of SCANU facilities had KMC care services and 27% of SCANU facilities had rooming in services and special sick baby ward services but no such services was available in non-SCANU facilities. Equipment in the SCANUs such as resuscitation bag and mask, radiant warmers, phototherapy machines and to a large extent CPAP machines and Oxygen blenders were mostly available and functioning optimally. More than half of the SCANUs still need to have oxygen blenders, CPAP machines and transcutaneous bilirubinometers since they were not found/functional during the assessment. Majority of SCANU facilities 60%-80% reported no stock-outs of critical medications like dexamethasone, ceftriaxone and gentamicin which are critical for management of preterm and sick babies. A web-based online ‘Individual Case Tracking’ system has been developed for online reporting from all SCANUs by the Health Management Information System (HMIS) of the DGHS. UNICEF is supporting its linkage to the district health information system (DHIS-2). There was a statistically significant difference between SCANUs and non-SCANUs with respect to the proportions of admissions. SCANUs are acting as referral destination for sick and small newborns as 41%-45% of the admitted newborns were either were born at home or in other facilities.Conclusions: The assessment findings will be helpful for country strategy for improving newborn care through expansion of SCANU expansion throughout the country.Trial registration: Not applicable in this study
CT-Based Radiomics Analysis of Consolidation Characteristics in Differentiating Pulmonary Disease of Nontuberculous Mycobacterium from Tuberculosis
Authors: Yan Qinghu , Feng Binbin , Wei Zhichao , Xue Feng , Wang Wuzhang , Chi Jingyu , Cui Jia , Zhang Ran , Yu Dinxin , Kong Hai Li
Published: May 2022

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) grows slowly, the course of disease is longer than that of tuberculosis (TB), and the resistance rate to first-line anti tuberculosis drugs is high, so the overall cure rate is low. Radiomics is a new image processing technology developed in recent years. In this study, CT-based radiomics features are evaluated to differentiatenon NTM pulmonary disease with consolidation characteristics from PTB with similar consolidation characteristics. Methods: A total of 156 patients (75 NTM pulmonary disease and 81 PTB) with the Consolidation were evaluated. 305 regions of interest of CT consolidation were outlined. 80% of consolidations were allocated to the training set and 20% to the validation set using a random number generated by a computer. Three supervised learning classifiers (KNN, SVM and LR models) were used to analyze the features. Results: 63 optimal features were selected by these three methods. The AUC (sensitivity, specificity) for the training and validation cohorts were 0.98 (0.90, 0.94) and 0.97 (0.87, 0.97) for KNN, respectively; 0.99 (0.94, 0.93) and 0.96 (0.80, 0.97) for SVM, respectively; and 0.98 (0.96, 0.97) and 0.95 (0.88, 0.87) for LR, respectively. Precision, Recall and F1-scores determined that KNN performed better at diagnosing early NTM pulmonary disease, with the values of the above three indexes being 0.89 and 0.97 and 0.93, respectively.Conclusion: CT-based radiomics analysis consolidation features can provide effective proof in distinguishing the NTM pulmonary disease from PTB.Among the three classifiers, KNN classifier has the best performance in identifying two diseases.
Almost sure stability of Caputo Fractional-order Markovian switching nonlinear systems
Authors: Wang Qixiang , Long Fei , Mo Lipo , Yang Jing
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we address the almost sure stability problem of Caputo fractional-order Markovian switching nonlinear systems. Firstly, for the globally asymptotic stability almost surely (GAS a.s.) and exponential stability almost surely (ES a.s.) of Caputo fractional-order Markovian switching nonlinear systems (CFMNSs) with the constant lower bound initial time, some sufficient conditions are given by the stochastic Multi-Lyapunov function and probability analysis method. Then, for CFMNSs with the variable lower bound initial time, a resetting CFMNSs model is constructed to update synchronously the lower bound initial time and the corresponding initial state value of the above-mentioned system with the change of switching. After that, for CFMNSs with the variable lower bound initial time under the resetting means, the sufficient conditions of GAS a.s. and ES a.s. are given using the probability analysis method and stochastic Multi-Lyapunov function, respectively. Finally, numerical examples show that our results are effective.