bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On Translation and Being Just: The Arabic Novel and the British Archive
Authors: Scott Deuchar Hannah
Published: December 2024

Through comparative readings of a single violent event, this article argues that translation functions simultaneously as a technology of imperial governance, a ground for the critique of legal justice, and a practice through which to theorize alternative forms of redress. The Dinshaway affair was a 1906 court case in which four Egyptians were hanged and seventeen were flogged or imprisoned for the death of one British soldier. It became a global symbol of injustice and a spark for anti-imperial activism. The author places the British trial documents in conversation with a contemporaneous Arabic novelization of the event. Reading across these divergent texts, the author investigates how translation shaped Dinshaway, and how Dinshaway might yet reshape conceptions of justice. In the archive, British officials use untranslatability to justify delay, absence, and fatal error. Maḥmūd Ṭāhir Ḥaqqī’s novel The Maiden of Dinshaway dramatizes this, turning on instances of miscommunication in the colonial courtroom. The novel’s own mis/translation of Victor Hugo ultimately rejects legal justice (‘adl) in favor of a violent, divine, disproportionate compassion (raḥma). The author ends by asking whether raḥma might inform reparative modes of comparison and translation today.
The Question of Genocide
Authors: Beller Jonathan , Musleh Ali
Published: December 2024

This written dialogue studies how the “question of genocide” has infiltrated media ecology and come to permeate every meaning, gesture, and relation. Confronting Israel's escalation, since October 2023, of its genocidal siege on Palestine, two writers (a Palestinian and a Jew) engage in an experiment of thinking together that is at once critical, theoretical, affective, and emergent, in an effort to configure and, indeed, live part of their solidarity with the struggle for Palestinian liberation and self-determination. Necessarily, the roles of photography, semiotics, social media, computation, racism, weaponry, and other machines of war and capital are here rendered as part of the micrological murmurations of thought, sensibility, and communication, even as they macrologically reform geopolitical terrains both real and imagined. Thought, feeling, knowledge, epistemology, intellectual, and cultural practice are all understood to unfold in the theater of racial capitalist warfare that offers up genocide not as exception but as paradigm.
Yellowness as Transpacific Technology: Cinematic Regimes of Race between Japan and Brazil
Authors: Kunigami André Keiji
Published: December 2024

This article explores the cinematic functioning of yellow malleability—the instability of the yellowness of the yellow body—within the racial regime forged between Japan and Brazil in the first decades of the twentieth century. Yellow malleability was an ontological premise that allowed local elites to envision an anti-Black future in which racial difference would disappear, overcome by whiteness. The article shows how this racial regime was articulated as the entanglement between gender, race, and cinematic animation, in three objects: the notion of cinematic body evoked by Japanese avant-gardist Murayama Tomoyoshi, Kenji Mizoguchi's film Osaka Elegy (Gion no Kyodai, Japan, 1934), and the framing of Asian American stars Anna May Wong and Sessue Hayakawa in the Brazilian film magazine Cinearte.
Imagining Television as a Vital Queer Medium: Riot
Authors: Potter Susan
Published: December 2024

The Australian gay liberation movement has been memorialized on-screen only relatively recently, with the production of the self-described telemovie Riot (dir. Jeffrey Walker, Australia, 2018). A fictional narrative based on the real-world activism that led to the first Sydney Mardi Gras, Riot authenticates the relation of its story to historical events in part by giving its characters the same names as some of the more prominent activists organizing in the seventies. Yet what is most striking about Riot is the way in which it privileges another kind of historical agent—television—in its story of queer activism. This article considers the significance that Riot accords television as a public, historically conscious, family-oriented, and nation-building medium that converges with and enables gay activism as well as new forms of sexual subjectivity and self-expression. Between its opening framing as televisual event and its riot sequence, the telemovie privileges television's past and future capacity to both document and dramatize historical events and also to broadcast queer visibility to the nation. Through its collage of archival effects and codes of liveness, Riot transmutes the televisual into a timeless medium of public vitality absorbed by its queer characters and made available to its contemporary queer audiences. Thus Riot, via its discourse of television, seeks to guarantee not only a narrative of liberal progress of public visibility and queer human rights, but also the existence of queer selves and communities—that is, queer social lives—across time and across generations.
Comment regarding “Positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR of a nasal swab spot after 30 days of conservation on filter paper at room temperature”
Authors: Kriegshäuser Gernot
Published: December 2024

The diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic were a global challenge, and the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction of virus RNA isolated from nasopharyngeal swabs has become a common tool to confirm the clinical diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019. Available evidence suggests, that Whatman™ Flinders Technology Associates™ (FTA) cards are a reliable option for the safe transport and storage of viral RNA pathogens. In 2021 FTA cards were shown to be suitable for the stable preservation of SARS-CoV-2 RNA derived from nasopharyngeal swabs even at elevated storage temperatures. Subsequently, another study identified Whatman filter paper to be a cheaper alternative with respect to the stable storage SARS-CoV-2 RNA at room temperature. This correspondence is meant to discuss the performance of both FTA cards and filter paper also scrutinizing performance calculations and respective evaluations.
Case Report: Large mediastino-abdominal hydatid cyst extending through the Larrey's hiatus: A rare case report
Authors: Messaoudi Houssem , Bessrour Habib , Lajmi Mokhles , Raghmoun Wafa , Ferjaoui Wael , Khalifa Mohamed Bechir , Hachicha Saber
Published: December 2024

Background The extension of hydatid liver cysts into the mediastinum through diaphragmatic hiatus is extremely rare. In this report, we describe a rare case of a hydatid liver cyst with mediastinal extension through Larrey’s hiatus, emphasizing the surgical strategy for successful treatment. In this report, we present the first documented case of a hydatid liver cyst extending into the mediastinum through Larrey’s hiatus. Case presentation We report the case of a 65-year-old male who presented with right-upper-quadrant and left-sided chest pain evolving for two months. Physical examination showed dullnes in the epigastric region. A thoraco-abdominal CT scan, revealed a 13 cm mediastino-abdominal hydatid cyst, centered on the left liver lobe with extension into the mediastinum through the Larray’s diaphragmatic hiatus. The patient underwent surgical management. Both thoracic and visceral surgeons were involved. The surgical management involved both thoracic and visceral surgeons. A Makuuchi incision allowed resection of the hydatid liver cyst. The mediastinal portion of the cyst, resting on the pericardium was aspirated through Larrey’s hiatus, followed by irrigation with a scolicidal solution. The postoperative course was uneventful. Conclusion Transmediastinal hydatid liver cysts are rare and should be operated on in close collaboration between visceral and thoracic surgeons to prevent complications.
Afrontamiento familiar en personas que presentaron intento de suicidio
Authors: Correa Ramírez Cristian
Published: December 2024

La investigación buscó un acercamiento a población que ha cursado con conducta suicida atendida en un entorno hospitalario con la finalidad de identificar desde sus relatos la percepción que tienen acerca del afrontamiento y dinámica familiar después de dicho evento. Se presenta un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico que recoge narrativas de siete pacientes que recibieron atención hospitalaria.  El afrontamiento familiar muestra como las reacciones iniciales de las familias marchan sobre un fuerte componente emocional al tiempo que emergen estrategias de afrontamiento como el apoyo emocional familiar, búsqueda de apoyo externo, vigilancia y evasión. La dinámica familiar posterior suele centrarse en una práctica del cuidado y la reacomodación de roles. La percepción del afrontamiento familiar es un fenómeno en el que aparecen los significados otorgados por el sobreviviente y la familia a partir de la tramitación de emociones, despliegue de conductas y presencia de recursos sociales que permite dialogar con la capacidad o no de construir un escenario resiliente que reconfigura la crisis y propicia una reacomodación del sistema familiar.
rethinking the democratic role of education through childism
Authors: Hedegaard Maria louise larsen
Published: December 2024

There is a strong tendency in both theory and practice to view education’s democratic role as that of equipping students with specific attributes presumed necessary for democratic life. Discussions thus center around identifying the required values, skills, and capabilities, as well as the types of educational endeavors that best foster them. What underpins such discussions is the assumption that the child is inherently lacking, which, I argue, leads to a conceptual dead end. In this article, I explore how the concept of childism can expand the epistemological framework for understanding and theorizing education’s democratic role. Using theoretical concepts from Biesta and Rancière’s sporadic democracy, along with Fricker’s theory of epistemic injustice, I discuss a case from a Danish state school where a teacher harasses a student. I argue that the perception of the child as a deficit being causes children to suffer systemic epistemic (and other) injustices, as incidents of adults harassing children can go unnamed and unrecognized. The potential long-term harm is a loss of trust in one’s ability to know, interpret, and understand the world. I argue that this is also a loss in potential claims for equality based on the perception of injustice, a loss that damages the democratic quality of society. The article advocates a childist turn in research on education’s democratic role. Childism enables a hermeneutical breakthrough that can spark new discussions of scholarly, social, and political norms regarding the question of democracy and education.
oficina de música para crianças e adolescentes, clínica ético-política e formação: relatos de experiências discentes
Authors: Malta oliveira Stephan , Leonor chaves carvalho Lissa , Da silva Danielle fernanda , De freitas melo Ana carolina , Pereira jacques Lucas , Justen dos santos Anna beatriz
Published: December 2024

Buscamos, com o presente artigo, investigar o impacto da práxis de um Projeto de Extensão Universitária, que consiste em oficinas de música para crianças e adolescentes com o que designamos autismo ou outras neurodivergências, sobre a formação discente, levando em consideração as dimensões clínica e ético-política da ação extensionista. Dividimos a metodologia em duas partes: a primeira corresponde à revisão bibliográfica tipo narrativa, por meio da qual abordamos textos da fenomenologia da vida e das éticas da alteridade, comunitária e da libertação; a segunda parte diz respeito aos relatos de experiência feitos pelas/os discentes participantes do Projeto e coautoras/es do presente artigo. Os/as discentes responderam a questões relacionadas a dois eixos temáticos construídos a priori: o impacto da Oficina de Música sobre sua formação e a percepção sobre as dimensões clínica e ética do Projeto. Avaliamos as narrativas por meio da análise de conteúdo, a partir da qual construímos as seguintes categorias de análise: impacto transformador da práxis da Oficina; e modelo biomédico e pensamento crítico, referentes ao eixo 1; arte, acolhimento e potencial terapêutico; pessoas que não cabem em um diagnóstico; e uma clínica ético-política, referentes ao eixo 2. Concluímos que a ação extensionista tem tido um impacto positivo sobre a formação discente, contribuindo para uma clínica estética, ética e política não normalizadora, que possibilita a liberação das forças da vida, a afirmação da vida em sua multiplicidade, sobretudo daquelas pessoas que tiveram e continuam tendo suas vidas negadas e invisibilizadas pelo sistema de produção (econômico e discursivo) dominante.
Polarization-controlled structured illumination for high-resolution imaging
Authors: Ding Jiayu , Peng Siying
Published: December 2024

Structured illumination microscopy is a powerful technique that has significantly advanced biological imaging by doubling the resolution compared to conventional methods. However, further resolution enhancement in SIM typically requires complex optical configurations that demand precise control of the incident light's polar and azimuthal angles. To address this challenge, we designed polarization-controlled structured illumination that leverages a dipole resonance all-dielectric super-lattice metasurface (ADSLM). This approach, as demonstrated through simulation, enables high-contrast, high-fidelity object reconstruction with over a 4-fold resolution enhancement. Furthermore, the polarization-controlled ADSLM eliminates the need for complex optical alignments and mechanical adjustments, offering significant potential for integrated high-performance applications in biological imaging.
Single SLM full-color holographic display with an extended replay field based on waveform-controlled lasers
Authors: Meng Roubing , Wilkinson Timothy D.
Published: December 2024

Novel holographic displays have been developed recently due to increased demand in 3D displays over the past few years. However, the research still faces the limitations of small field of view (FOV) and complex setups to build full-color reconstructions. A method to realize an extended full-color replay field display based on an off-axis holographic system with a single spatial-light-modulator (SLM) is proposed in this paper. The proposed system uses two controlled RGB laser sources, which are synchronized with ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) SLM of high switching speed, to double the size of the RGB color replay field. A 4f filtering system eliminates higher-order noise and conjugate images caused by binary phase modulation to get a clear reconstruction. The proposed system is low cost and uses a simple setup which are both important advantages for further commercialization of holographic displays.
Quantified Speckle Variance Optical Coherence Tomography Algorithm for Monitoring Blood Flow Dynamics
Authors: Sarkar Sohini , Chuang C. Y. , Shah Shreyas , Samanta Bibek , Crouch Michael , Eggleston Michael
Published: December 2024

Speckle variance optical coherence tomography (SV-OCT) is a non-invasive
imaging technique that can map blood flow in tissues by capturing speckle pattern variations
from moving red blood cells. A key challenge of SV-OCT is distinguishing variance caused by
blood flow from non-motion signals like shot noise. Here we show that noise contributions due
to non-motion signals can be approximated as characteristic of the OCT hardware system,
independent of the sample under consideration. We present a method for measuring these
characteristics and a "quantified speckle variance" algorithm to standardize SV measurements
reflecting variance from motion signals. This allows quantification of intensity fluctuations
above the noise floor and enhances contrast. The qSV algorithm, validated using a phantom
flow system, when applied to OCT images of skin, identified deep blood vessels with over 30
times the contrast of standard SV methods. Additionally, the qSV algorithm can differentiate
between normal and restricted blood flow, highlighting its sensitivity to dynamic speckle
patterns. Our approach standardizes angiography data analysis and reporting, enhancing its
value for longitudinal studies and clinical applications in vascular imaging.
TRI-POSE-Net: Adaptive 3D human pose estimation through selective kernel networks and self-supervision with trifocal tensors
Authors: Ahmed Khan Nabeel , Ahmed Alarfaj Aisha , Alabdulqader Ebtisam Abdullah , Zamzami Nuha , Umer Muhammad , Innab Nisreen , Kim Tai-Hoon
Published: December 2024

Accurate and flexible 3D pose estimation for virtual entities is a strenuous task in computer vision applications. Conventional methods struggle to capture realistic movements; thus, creative solutions that can handle the complexities of genuine avatar interactions in dynamic virtual environments are imperative. In order to tackle the problem of precise 3D pose estimation, this work introduces TRI-POSE-Net, a model intended for scenarios with limited supervision. The proposed technique, which is based on ResNet-50 and includes integrated Selective Kernel Network (SKNet) blocks, has proven to be efficient for feature extraction customised specifically to pose estimation scenarios. Furthermore, trifocal tensors and their trio-view geometry allow us to generate 3D ground truth poses from 2D poses, resulting in more refined triangulations. Through the proposed approach, the 3D poses can be estimated from a single 2D RGB image. Moreover, the proposed approach was evaluated on the HumanEva-I dataset yielding a Mean-Per-Joint-Position-Error (MPJPE) of 47.6 under self-supervision and an MPJPE of 29.9 under full supervision. In comparison with the other works, the proposed work has performed well in the self-supervision paradigm.
ProCAPTCHA: A profile-based CAPTCHA for personal password authentication
Authors: Nanglae Nilobon , Bhattarakosol Pattarasinee
Published: December 2024

CAPTCHA was introduced decades ago to distinguish between humans and bots. However, solving CAPTCHA has been a challenging issue for intruders. Various techniques, such as 3rd-party attacks, have been invented to break CAPTCHA. This research proposes ProCAPTCHA, a CAPTCHA system individually generated for each user by merging biometrics and user profiles. ProCAPTCHA leverages keystroke dynamics and personal information to create unique CAPTCHAs that are difficult for intruders to solve. ProCAPTCHA’s algorithm generates CAPTCHA based on the user’s profile data, ensuring randomness and uniqueness for each login. Performance evaluation shows that ProCAPTCHA can identify legitimate users with 100% accuracy, while only 60% of intruders are misclassified as true users. Bots face significant delays, often failing due to system time limits. Nonetheless, the bot’s attack must spend a very long time solving which, in real life, could be interrupted by the time limit of the system. Therefore, all bots cannot gain access as required.
Unraveling the bioactive constituents of Typha elephantina: A comprehensive phytochemical analysis by tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Rohida Bibi , Farman Muhammad , George Alina
Published: December 2024

Phytochemicals derived from plants have gained significant attention in recent years due to their diverse therapeutic properties. Typha elephantina is an aquatic plant having ameliorative characteristics like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic etc. This research aims to conduct a comprehensive phytochemical investigation by Tandem mass spectrometry on the aerial parts and roots of Typha elephantina with a focus on identifying and characterizing the bioactive compounds present in it. Maceration in methanol, preliminary, MS/MS analyses and DPPH antioxidant assay were carried out on this plant. This study led to the elucidation of 62 chemical constituents for the first time in Typha elephantina. 36 phytochemical compounds from aerial parts and 26 from roots i.e.,p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, dihydrocaffeic acid, ferulic acid derivative, dehydroascorbic acid derivative, 1-O-coumaroyl glycerol, glucaroyl-4-hydroxy benzoate, apigenin derivative, 3-O-glucopyranosyl isorhamnetin, isovitexin derivative, rutin, isorhamnetin diglycosides, verbascoside, forsythoside A, pinocembrin, dihydro quercetin, prunetin, ampelopsin, daidzein, genistein, catechin and procyanidin B1 were detected within this plant specimen. The DPPH assay results showed that aerial parts TE(1), TE(2) showed more antioxidant activity than roots TER/MeOH. These might be responsible for the understanding of the therapeutic potential of Typha elephantina and provide a foundation for future pharmacological studies.
Ambient noise levels of seismic stations located in urban agglomerations in central Inner Mongolia, China
Authors: Bao Wenchao , An Quan , Guo Ye , Wang Lujun , Gao Jianxin
Published: December 2024

Analysis of the continuous ambient noise data collected by a dense network of broadband seismic stations reveals the characteristics of ambient noise in densely populated urban areas. A study conducted in central Inner Mongolia utilized ten broadband stations to investigate two distinct repetitive and intense noise signals with predominant frequencies ranging from 1–20 Hz and 0.01–1 Hz. The ambient noise within the 0.01–20 Hz frequency range was assessed using Probability Density Function (PDF) and Power Spectral Density (PSD) approaches, and the stations were categorized according to their noise levels. The research results indicate that stations located in urban agglomerations are subject to varying degrees of noise interference, with the main sources of interference being human activities, traffic vibrations, and industrial noise. The impact of high-frequency noise on stations is inversely correlated with the distance from the noise source. Among them, four stations are affected by three noise sources. Three stations are affected by two noise sources, and three stations are affected by one noise source. Therefore, the development of urban agglomerations has brought a large number of noise sources to the stations, which greatly affects the data quality of the stations. This finding urges further investigation on the human activities, traffic vibrations, and industrial noise, and suggests that the station construction should be far away from the urban agglomeration.
The lasting impacts of The Walt Disney Company within and beyond the classroom: A case study
Authors: Helm Hannah
Published: December 2024

This brief and reflective commentary piece discusses a series of outreach workshops entitled ‘Deconstructing Disney: Society, Culture, and Creativity’, which took place at Media City (University of Salford) in March 2023. The workshops were delivered to groups of school-age learners aged 14 to 16, and they focused on the social, cultural and political impact of The Walt Disney Company. Through the workshops, students were able to hone key critical thinking skills and build confidence by sharing viewpoints in a supportive and thought-provoking space. The workshops provided a stimulating and interactive platform in which students could explore the impact of Disney in society and culture, particularly through the lens of Disney films. The activities – which included analysis and discussion of the film clips and playing a game based on opinions about Disney – were both enjoyable and educational for students. By the end, students understood that Disney both implicitly and explicitly shapes our experiences and world-views, and that common stereotypes in Disney films ultimately influence how we perceive ourselves and others.
Clinical Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer and the Comparison With Sporadic Colorectal Cancer in Taiwan
Authors: Wu Hsin-Yun , Weng Meng-Tzu , Chou Jen-Wei , Yen Hsu-Heng , Lin Chun-Chi , Chiang Feng-Fan , Chung Chen-Shuan , Lin Wei-Chen , Chang Chen-Wang , Le Puo-Hsien , Kuo Chia-Jung , Lin Ching-Pin , Hsu Wen-Hung , Chuang Chiao-Hsiung , Tsai Tzung-Jiun , Feng I-Che , Wei Shu-Chen , Huang Tien-Yu
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION:

We explored the clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) and compared with sporadic colorectal cancer in Taiwan.

METHODS:

In this retrospective study spanning 1987–2022, CACs diagnosed according to endoscopic and pathological reports from 14 tertiary centers were reported to our cohort. Clinical demographics, endoscopic findings, histological results, treatment modalities, and outcomes were analyzed. Sporadic colorectal cancer data were retrieved from the Cancer Registry Annual Report, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan.

RESULTS:

We enrolled 65 patients with CAC (median age: 56 years; male: 66.2%). Distal colon was the most common tumor location (41.5%). Of patients with ulcerative colitis, 77.2% had extensive colitis, and 76.5% had Mayo endoscopic subscores of ≥2. Moreover, 50% of lesions were nonpolypoid with indistinct borders in 66.7%. Signet-ring cell subtype consisted of 12.3%. Surveillance colonoscopy adherence was 78.4%, yet 51.3% interval cancers occurred. Disease stage 0–4 distribution was 15%, 20%, 13.3%, 20%, and 31.7%, respectively. Endoscopic resection was feasible for 14%, whereas 67.7% required surgery. During follow-up (median: 21.5 months), we recorded 23.2% recurrence and 34.5% mortality. Lesions with indistinct borders were associated with adverse outcomes (adjusted odds ratio = 11.5 [1.35–98.16]). Colitis-associated rectal cancers, diagnosed later (P < 0.001), had worse outcomes than sporadic rectal cancers.

DISCUSSION:

This is the largest Asian CAC cohort study, emphasizing the need for stringent disease control, improving detection, and reducing interval cancers. Signet-ring cell subtype was prevalent. Rectal colitis-associated cancers were diagnosed later with poorer outcomes than sporadic rectal cancers.
What is the best surgical approach for esophageal cancer?
Authors: Tripke Verena , Lozanovski Vladimir J. , Mann Carolina , Lang Hauke , Grimminger Peter P.
Published: December 2024

Esophageal cancer is an aggressive tumor entity, and oncologic esophagectomy with two-field lymphadenectomy after perioperative chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy is the standard of care for curative treatment. Oncological esophagectomy is a complex procedure associated with a relevant surgical trauma. Complications, such as severe pulmonary infections and anastomotic leakage with mediastinitis lead to a high morbidity rate. To reduce the surgical trauma, the minimally invasive technique was introduced in esophageal surgery. Minimally invasive esophagectomy is associated with less postoperative pain and a reduced rate of pulmonary infections. Currently, there are two major different totally minimally invasive techniques, the conventional laparoscopic/thoracoscopic approach (MIE) and the robotic assisted approach (RAMIE). Both methods require teaching due to the flat learning curve associated with these complex procedures. However, both MIE and RAMIE are performed safely in specialized centers. They are associated with improved short-term outcome and similar oncological outcome compared to open esophagectomy. The robotic assisted approach has additional benefits that may be supported by the results of more randomized controlled trials in the future.
Critical classes of power graphs and reconstruction of directed power graphs
Authors: Bubboloni Daniela , Pinzauti Nicolas
Published: December 2024

In a graph

Γ
=

(
V
,
E
)

\Gamma=(V,E)

, we consider the common closed neighbourhood of a subset of vertices and use this notion to introduce a Moore closure operator in 𝑉.
We also consider the closed twin equivalence relation in which two vertices are equivalent if they have the same closed neighbourhood.
Those notions are explored deeply in the case when Γ is the power graph associated with a finite group 𝐺.
In that case, among the corresponding closed twin equivalence classes, we introduce the concepts of plain, compound and critical classes.
The study of critical classes, together with properties of the Moore closure operator, allow us to correct a mistake in the proof of [P. J. Cameron, The power graph of a finite group, II, J. Group Theory
13 (2010), 6, 779–783; Theorem 2] and to deduce a simple algorithm to reconstruct the directed power graph of a finite group from its undirected counterpart, as asked in [P. J. Cameron, Graphs defined on groups, Int. J. Group Theory
11 (2022), 2, 53–107; Question 2].
Compression refining: the future of refining? Application to bleached kraft eucalyptus pulp
Authors: Carré Bruno , Delagoutte Thierry
Published: December 2024

A new compression refining technology has been tested in various conditions with a model Eucalyptus bleached kraft pulp. Its performances were also compared with those obtained with traditional LC refining of the same pulp. Compression refining of the Eucalyptus pulp led to a much better °SR/strength compromise than conventional LC refining. High strength properties can also be achieved by compression refining, in a similar range, or depending on the conditions, even better than LC refining. The higher the strength requested, the largest the advantages of this technology: for a given resistance, up to 40°SR difference with LC refined pulp can be obtained. The lower °SR is due to less cellulosic fines release which also results in papers combining a high strength and a high permeability which cannot be obtained with traditional LC refining. Indeed, with LC refining, a high strength is generally associated to a low permeability. The upscaling of this technology seems possible since large production devices are already on the market for other applications than paper/pulp. With this new pulp behaviour, papermakers will have to learn to think differently as paper strength and °SR can now be decorrelated.
Canoas (RS) e a construção do patrimônio cultural: elementos históricos, desafios socioespaciais e ambientais
Authors: Schutz Jairo Alberto Vieira , Maria Gomes Graebin Cleusa
Published: December 2024

Canoas, município da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, é a terceira cidade mais populosa do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, desenvolvendo-se a partir de 1874, por loteamentos no entorno da estação da linha férrea que ligava Porto Alegre a São Leopoldo. Surgiram ali, os primeiros comércios, serviços, escolas e o núcleo central do povoado, distrito de Gravataí até 1939, quando se emancipou. Nos primeiros tempos, comportava granjas de arroz, fazendas de criação de gado e colônias, onde descendentes de imigrantes alemães mantinham pequena agricultura. Após 1950, com instalação de várias indústrias, explodiu demograficamente, com problemas na construção do espaço urbano. Trata-se de cidade que começou a receber regulação e planificação territorial entre os anos 1960-1980. A partir de 1993, houve a preocupação com a gestão de seus bens culturais, objeto deste artigo, no qual refletimos sobre alguns dos problemas relacionados à urbanização, às questões ambientais e à gestão do patrimônio cultural.
Colonialidades e decolonialidades no Museu do Ipiranga
Authors: Santa-Cruz Lucia , Perazzo Priscila F.
Published: December 2024

A interseção entre decolonialidade e museus tem ganhado destaque nas discussões sobre representação e identidade cultural. Este estudo parte da análise crítica de Françoise Vergès sobre museus coloniais, para examinar a reabertura do Museu do Ipiranga durante o Bicentenário da Independência do Brasil. Analisa-se como o museu lidou com a renovação e as novas propostas expográficas em meio a narrativas decoloniais emergentes. Ao investigar o papel do museu na formação da memória histórica e da identidade nacional, pretende-se provocar reflexões críticas sobre o potencial de decolonização das narrativas museográficas do Museu do Ipiranga. Por meio de uma abordagem metodológica que combina análise documental e trabalho de campo, este estudo se soma aos debates sobre descolonização das narrativas históricas dentro dos espaços museológicos, ecoando o apelo de Vergès para desafiar os fundamentos ideológicos dos museus na formação e mediação da história.
Chile em transformação
Authors: Garcez Francisco Thiago Cavalcante , Bruno da Silva Alexandre Antonio , Zimerman Artur
Published: December 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as transições nas políticas públicas chilenas ocorridas a partir das grandes manifestações de 2019. Foram realizadas pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, abrangendo categorias inerentes às políticas públicas e ao contexto sociohistórico e político chileno. Reformas em áreas como gestão hídrica, exploração mineral, habitação, previdência, saúde, educação e segurança pública foram examinadas. Constatou-se que a orientação das políticas públicas chilenas mantém traços do Governo Pinochet, cujas consequências foram geradoras de desigualdade. As grandes manifestações de 2019 reverberaram em janelas de oportunidades para revisão e inclusão de questões sensíveis na agenda governamental. Além disso, processos macrossociais influenciam significativamente as políticas públicas, pois as repercussões de eventos históricos são incorporadas pelo Estado, que está em constante metamorfose sociocultural e político-econômica. Como resultado, foram observadas transformações nas políticas públicas, embora com a persistência de elementos herdados do modelo neoliberal implementados durante o Governo de Pinochet.
Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas; Análise de Políticas Públicas; Chile.
Direct Modulation of CRH Nerve Terminal Function by Noradrenaline and Corticosterone
Authors: Power Emmet M. , Ganeshan Dharshini , Paul Jamieson , Igarashi Hiroyuki , Inoue Wataru , Iremonger Karl J.
Published: December 2024

Nerve terminals are the final point of regulation before neurosecretion. As such, neuromodulators acting on nerve terminals can exert significant influence on neural signaling. Hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons send axonal projections to the median eminence where CRH is secreted to stimulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Noradrenaline and corticosterone are two of the most important neuromodulators of HPA axis function; noradrenaline excites CRH neurons and corticosterone inhibits CRH neurons by negative feedback. Here, we used GCaMP6f Ca2+imaging and measurement of nerve terminal CRH secretion using sniffer cells to determine whether these neuromodulators act directly on CRH nerve terminals in male mice. Contrary to expectations, noradrenaline inhibited action potential-dependent Ca2+elevations in CRH nerve terminals and suppressed evoked CRH secretion. This inhibitory effect was blocked by α2-adrenoreceptor antagonism. Corticosterone also suppressed evoked CRH peptide secretion from nerve terminals, independent of action potential-dependent Ca2+levels. This inhibition was prevented by the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, RU486, and indicates that CRH nerve terminals may be a site of fast glucocorticoid negative feedback. Together these findings establish median eminence nerve terminals as a key site for regulation of the HPA axis.
Gut microbial and functional alterations lead to metagenomic signatures for midgut neuroendocrine tumor patients and for carcinoid syndrome
Authors: Mulders Merijn C F , Van Koetsveld Peter M , Feelders Richard A , Hofland Leo J , de Herder Wouter W , Kraaij Robert , Hofland Johannes
Published: December 2024

Midgut neuroendocrine tumors (NET) derive from enterochromaffin cells, which have a close interrelationship with intestinal microbiota. Recently, we have utilized 16S rRNA sequencing to uncover that midgut NET patients have a depleted gut microbiome and a specific fecal microbial signature. This study aims to validate these findings and to further characterize the role of microbes and microbial metabolic pathways in midgut NET patients with and without carcinoid syndrome (CS). Fecal samples from 60 midgut NET patients and 20 household-matched controls were subjected to whole metagenome sequencing. The gut microbial community composition of midgut NET patients differed from that of controls, with 2 genera, 17 species and 9 microbial pathways showing differential abundance (P < 0.001). No differences in the microbial composition were observed between midgut NET patients with and without CS (P > 0.05). However, we did observe changes in inter-genus correlations of Bacteroides, Odoribacter, Parasutterella, Klebsiella, Ruminococcus and Proteobacteria when comparing these two patient groups. A signature of 16 microbial species (area under the receiver operating characteristics (AUROC) curve 0.892) or 18 microbial pathways (AUROC 0.909) accurately predicted the presence of a midgut NET. Furthermore, a microbial signature consisting of 14 functional microbial pathways distinguished CS patients from non-CS patients (AUROC 0.807). Thus, this study confirms that the gut microbiome of midgut NET patients is altered at the metagenomic level, which is not related to the presence of CS. A fecal microbial signature could constitute a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of midgut NET or CS.
New discovery of a rare species Tolypella intricata (Trentepohl ex Roth) Leonhardi (Charophyta, Charales) in Ukraine in the territory of Kharkiv Region
Authors: Borysova O.V. , Burova O.V. , Gromakova A.B.
Published: December 2024

The data on the second record of Tolypella intricata in Ukraine within the Middle Dnieper algofloristic subprovince are presented. The rare species for European flora in Ukraine T. intricata was first found in May 2010 in the Zachodnyi Bug River basin on the territory of the Lviv Region and for a long time this locality remained the only one. Currently, in May 2024, second location have been reviled in the Siverskiy Donets River basin on the territory of Kharkiv Region. Identification of the charophytes samples was carried out on the basis of morphological characters, the diagnostic significance of which was confirmed by molecular presence studies according to the literature. The second location of T. intricata confirms its existence in Ukraine. A description of morphological characters, information on general distribution, ecology and phenology, as well as a preliminary assessment of the sozological status of the species is provided.
Morphological and Molecular Studies of Some Species of Salsola (Amaranthaceae) in Iran
Authors: Amini E. , Sattarian A. , Nasrollahi F. , Daneshvar A. , Esmaeili M. M. , Hamidzadeh Sani L. , Haghighi S.
Published: December 2024

Salsola is one of the largest genera in the tribe Salsoleae within Amaranthaceae, with many species that share morphological characteristics, which makes it a challenging genus to study. In this study, 11 quantitative and eight qualitative morphological traits were evaluated and measured. Ward’s dendrogram showed two main clusters: one composed of S. brachiata and S. turcomanica, and the other composed of two subclusters, with populations of S. kali, S. incanescens, S. orientalis and S. dendroides. In addition, we performed molecular phylogenetic analyses conducted with sequence data from nrDNA (ITS and ETS) and cpDNA markers (psbB-psbH and atpB-rbcL) under maximum parsimony, Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood approaches. All the members were clustered into a well-supported clade (PP = 1, ML/BS = 0.89) composed of two subclades: subclade A included S. turcomanica and S. brachiata (PP = 0.90, ML/BS = 73) and subclade B (PP = 0.95, ML/BS = 81) comprised S. incanescens, S. orientalis, S. dendroides and S. kali. The current study provides novel insights at morphological and molecular levels, as well as the results of molecular studies based on nr- and cpDNA sequence data that are congruent with morphological analyses.
Peltula Shalae (Peltulaceae): A New Lichen Species from the Chenab Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Kumar S. , Bhandari B. S. , Falswal A.
Published: December 2024

Peltula shalae Kumar S. is described as a new species of lichens from the Chenab Valley of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is characterised by peltate-umbilicate thallus comprising of overlapping squamules forming rosettes, with diameter 2–3.5 cm. The absence of soredia is notable. This lichen is observed to grow on ‘shale rock’, a type of sedimentary rock, and is distinguished from closely related species, including P. daurica, P. sonorensis, P. anthracina, and P. obscurans by its distinct morphological features. Furthermore, a comprehensive comparison with closely related peltate-umbilicate species is presented.
New Records for the Bryoflora of Vietnam, 6.
Authors: Pócs T. , Sass-Gyarmati A.
Published: December 2024

During our visit to the Tam Đảo National Park in 1998, with the guidance of Prof. Trần Ninh, we collected a peculiar Bazzania species unknown from Vietnam before. This species, with its incurved, fragile leaf apices and deeply dissected underleaves proved to be new to science. This paper provides its illustrated description.
The taming of the shrooms. Understanding current discursive struggles over the psychedelic in the light of their historical antecedents
Authors: Slunecko Thomas
Published: December 2024

As the changeful history of psychedelic research and therapy since the 1950s can be assumed to be well enough known to this journal's audience, it is only recalled briefly in this article. Rarely has it been addressed, though, that the discursive struggles through which this history has been spawned have antecedents in much older controversies in the 18th and 19th centuries. As knowledge of this prehistory may shed new light on the current state of affairs in psychedelic matters, this article starts with an account of the transformations that animal magnetism underwent during the so-called ‘long century of mediumship’, transformations by which it was ultimately tamed by science. Based on this historical sensitization, the text then turns to a recent strand of the scientific debate on psychedelic therapy – to seminal journal articles from the Johns Hopkins research group – and subjects these articles to a fine-grained discourse analysis. In doing so, the inner cohesion of the forces that are currently tugging at the psychedelic, mostly pushing aside its emancipatory, resistive, utopian, and ‘spiritual’ connotations, becomes more apparent.
A. Edlin: A Treatise on the Art of Bread-making
Authors: Davidson Alan E
Published: December 2024

A. Edlin: A Treatise on the Art of Bread-making: [London, printed for Vernor and Hood, Poultry, 1805], Blackawton, Tom Jaine, 1993: 110 pp, introduction by Tom Jaine, paperback, limited edition of 300 numbered copies, £7.50 (may be ordered post-free direct from Tom Jaine, Allaleigh House, Blackawton, Devon TQ9 7DL).
Betty Fussell: The Story of Corn
Authors: Mason Laura
Published: December 2024

Betty Fussell: The Story of Corn: Alfred A Knopf, New York 1992: 356 pp, numerous b/w photographs and line drawings, index, selected bibliography, $30.00.
Ian Thomas: How to Grow Herbs
Authors: Davidson Alan E
Published: December 2024

Ian Thomas: How to Grow Herbs: Bloomsbury, London, 1992: 96 pp, colour and b/w illustrations by Antonia Enthoven, £8.99.
Collaborative goal setting for children with disability within education: A scoping review
Authors: Robinson Leanne , Calder Allyson , Carrington Lizz
Published: December 2024

Successful collaborative goal setting for disabled children is an essential part of family-centred practice (FCP). There is a paucity of research that collates concepts or approaches to collaborative goal setting. This scoping review aimed to explore key features and the application of collaborative goal setting frameworks and approaches used in an educational context for disabled children and their families. Ten databases were systematically searched using the keywords and synonyms of collaboration, goal setting, children, and disability from 2000 to January 2023. Data were collated and analysed thematically. Twenty-four studies were included for review and four key elements were identified as supporting collaborative FCP: (a) adopting a child-centred approach to enhance the child’s strengths and dreams; (b) using goal-setting tools to identify the child’s current ability; (c) applying structured processes to achieve collaborative family-centred practice; and (d) accessing external support during collaborative goal setting. A new working model was developed from the findings, which describes collaborative constructs and practical strategies for child-centred goal setting. Exploration and use of this model may support professionals to enhance collaborative family-centred goal-setting practice.
Gelecek Olumsallar, Doğruluk ve Teolojik Fatalizm
Authors: Yavuz Zikri
Published: December 2024

Felsefi ve metafizik anlamda fatalizm, meydana gelen her ne varsa olması gerektiği, olacak olanın kaçınılmaz olduğu tezidir; meydana gelen her olay ya da durum meydana gelmek zorundadır, aynı şekilde meydana gelmeyen her olayın ve durumun gerçekleşmemesi de zorunludur. İnsan özgürlüğü ile ilişkisi dikkate alındığında fatalizm, kısaca yaptığımız eylemin aksi bir eylemi gerçekleştirme gücüne sahip olmadığımız anlamına gelir. Kararlarımızı alırken ve seçimlerimizi yaparken yaptığımızdan farklı durumların ve alternatif eylemlerin var olabileceğine olan temel inancımız yanlıştır. Fail A seçeneğini seçme iradesine sahipken aynı anda değil-A seçeneğine de sahip olmalıdır. Tanrı’nın mutlak bilgisi ve gelecek hakkındaki bilgisi dikkate alındığında, bazı filozoflara göre insanın gelecekte yapacağı eylemler özgür değildir. Her şey ezelden belirli olduğundan gelecek seçimlerimiz biz yapmadan önce doğruluk değerine sahiptir dolayısıyla belirlenmiştir ve önümüzde alternatif seçenekler mevcut değildir. Teolojik fatalizmden çıkış yolu olarak önünde birkaç seçenek olabilir. Problemden kaçınmanın ilk yolu, teolojik fatalizmi makul bir seçenek olarak görmektir. Buna göre teolojik fatalizm, insan eylemi hakkındaki yanılmaz ön bilginin eylemi zorunlu ve dolayısıyla insanın özgür iradesini ortadan kaldırdığı tezidir. Tüm geleceği yanılmaz bir şekilde bilen bir varlık yani Tanrı varsa, o zaman hiçbir insan eylemi özgür değildir. Diğer bir seçenek teolojik fatalizmindir. Bu bakış açısına göre, birisi eylemlerinin gerçekleşmeden önce doğruluk değerine sahip olduğunu ve o eylemi yapmak dışında bir seçeneğinin olmadığını ve önündeki tek seçeneği yapmaya mecbur olsa da yine de bu mecburiyet içerisinde özgür iradeye bir alan kalabileceğini iddia edebilir. Fatalizmden kurtulmak ve liberteryen anlamda özgür iradeye yer açmak adına diğer bir çözüm önerisi, Tanrı’nın mutlak ilminden feragat edilebileceği noktasındadır. Diğer bir ifade ile gerçek anlamda özgür iradeden bahsedebilmem için, gelecek zamanlı önermelerin doğruluk değerine sahip olamayacağı, dolayısı ile Tanrı’nın bilgisinin bunları kapsamadığı ileri sürülebilir. Birçok filozof tarafından benimsenen bu çözüm de Tanrı’nın inayeti ve hükümranlığı açısından birtakım sıkıntılara sahiptir. Bu iki karşıt görüş arasında hem Tanrı’nın bilgisini hem de insanın özgür iradesini sınırlandırmayan üçüncü bir seçeneğe sahip olabileceğimizi iddia edeceğim. Diğer bir ifade ile, Tanrı’nın hem geleceği iki-değerlilik ilkesini ihlal etmeksizin doğru olarak bildiği ve bu doğru bilginin gelecekle ilgili bir ontolojiyi şimdiki zamandan var kılarak zorunlu kılmadığı, dolayısıyla alternatif seçeneklere olanak sağlayan bir çözümün mümkün olduğunu iddia edeceğim.