bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Computational Intelligence Approach in Optimizing the Resource Allocation for Workflow Execution in the Cloud
Authors: KANAGARAJ K , SWAMYNATHAN S , RADHA P
Published: April 2023

Virtual Machine (VM) assignment is an important phase during workflow execution in the cloud. Identifying a suitable type of VM for executing the workflow is a difficult problem. Cloud resource providers offer diverse categories of VMs to cater the needs of the users and encourage the users to select an appropriate type of VM to reduce the workflow execution time and cost. A suitable VM type can be selected only if the resource requirements of the workflow is known, which a difficult task for cloud users till now. Hence many users depend on general purpose VMs, rather than using a suitable type of VM for their application. This work proposes an intelligent recommendation system that helps the cloud users to select suitable type of VM for their application. The main objective of this work is to identify the type of the workflow using computational intelligence and to recommend a sutitable type of VM for execution. The system uses three supervised learning algorithms such as Probabilistic Neural network (PNN) , Deep Forward Neural Network (DFNN) and Naïve Bayes classier for workflow classification. The Bayes classifier is found be very accurate for workflow classification, when compared to the other algorithms. Also the relative optimality of the classifier is tested using popular workflow scheduling algorithms like ICPCP (IAAS Cloud Partial Critical Path algorithm), MER (Maximum Effective Reduction) and LBS (Level Based Scheduling). The results confirm that the workflow execution time and cost are reduced to a great extent, when executing a workflow using a suitable type of VM than with the general purpose VM.
Probing optical anapoles with fast electron beams
Authors: Shegai Timur , Maciel-Escudero Carlos , Yankovich Andrew , Munkhbat Battulga , Baranov Denis , Hillenbrand Rainer , Olsson Eva , Aizpurua Javier
Published: April 2023

Optical anapoles are intriguing charge-current distributions characterized by a
strong suppression of electromagnetic radiation. They originate from the destructive interference of the radiation produced by electric and toroidal multipoles. Although anapoles in dielectric structures have been probed and mapped with a combination of near- and far-field optical techniques, their excitation using fast
electron beams has not been explored so far. Here, we theoretically and experimentally analyze the excitation of optical anapoles in tungsten disulfide (WS2)nanodisks using Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM). We observe prominent dips in the electron energy loss spectra and associate them with the excitation of optical anapoles and anapole-exciton hybrids. We are able to map the anapoles excited in the WS2 nanodisks with subnanometer resolution and find that their excitation can be controlled by placing the electron beam at different positions on the nanodisk. Considering current research on the anapole phenomenon, we envision EELS in STEM to become a useful tool for accessing optical anapoles appearing in a variety of dielectric nanoresonators.
An Efficient and Accurate Numerical Method for the Bessel Transform with an Irregular Oscillator and Its Error Analysis
Authors: Wang Hong , Kang Hongchao , Ma Junjie
Published: April 2023

In this paper we present and analyze an efficient numerical scheme for computing the Bessel transform with an irregular oscillator. Especially in the presence of critical points, e.g., endpoints, zeros and stationary points for the general oscillator g(x), we derive a series of new quadrature formulae for such transform and carry out rigorous analysis for the proposed numerical method. The error analysis demonstrates that this method exhibits high asymptotic order, and the accuracy improves drastically with either increasing the frequency $\omega$ or adding more nodes. Compared with the existing modified Filon-type method, the established approach shows higher precision and error order at the same computational cost. The abundant numerical examples are provided to verify the theoretical results and illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 65D30 · 65D32 · 65R10 · 41A60
Patient Characteristics Associated with Definitive Diagnosis of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer in Those Initially Diagnosed with Cancer of Unknown Primary
Authors: White Larissa , Smith-Gagen Julie , Elliott Leslie , Lu Minggen
Published: April 2023

Purpose. Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is the fourth most common cause of cancer mortality in the U.S. Median survival after CUP diagnosis is 3-4 months. As CUP and metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC) are comparable in prevalence and survival, PC diagnosis is a useful endpoint to assess patient characteristics associated with definitive diagnosis in older patients who initially present with CUP.
Methods. This study used 2010-2015 SEER-Medicare data. Logistic regression models compared patient characteristics who received definitive diagnosis in two subsets: CUP-PC and PC only.
Results. Approximately 26% of patients who received a definitive diagnosis of metastatic pancreatic cancer started with an initial diagnosis of CUP (n=17,565). The odds of definitive diagnosis in CUP-PC were lower for those with a comorbidity score of 0 (OR 0.85 [0.79, 0.91]) and epithelial/unspecified histology (OR 0.76 [0.71, 0.82]). The odds of definitive diagnosis in CUP-PC were higher for patients of Other race (OR 1.27 [1.13, 1.43]) compared to White patients.
Conclusion. Definitive diagnosis of CUP-PC was favorable in patients in the Other race category with fewer or no comorbidities. Unfavorable characteristics included older patients and those with epithelial/unspecified histology. Future studies will focus on patterns of care and survival in patients with CUP-PC.
Left Superior Vena Cava Draining to Left Atrium: a Case Report, Review of the Literature, and Classification
Authors: Bisbee Cora R. , Sherard Curry , Rajab Taufiek Konrad
Published: April 2023

Persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) draining to the left atrium (LA) is a rare congenital abnormality. PLSVC usually drains into the right atrium via the coronary sinus. In 20% of patients, however, it can connect to the LA [1]. Left atrial drainage occurs through the LA appendage, left pulmonary veins, or the coronary sinus. Patients are often asymptomatic as the left atrial drainage does not result in a significant right to left shunt. As such, the abnormality is often discovered incidentally on imaging. PLSVC is often described in conjunction with other congenital anomalies, such as atrial septal defect (ASD), tetralogy of fallot, and coarctation of the aorta [2]. When PLSVC draining to the LA is present in the setting of an ASD, it is classified as Raghib’s syndrome. However, this case describes a PLSVC draining to the LA without an ASD or a right SVC, a presentation which has never before been described.
Development of 3, 3′-diindolylmethane incorporated with chitosan nanoparticles for enhancing the anticancer efficiency against breast cancer through targeting apoptosis signalling axis
Authors: Stainsloss Isabella , Sankaran Mirunalini , Kannaiyan Pandiyan
Published: April 2023

Purpose: 3, 3’-diindolymethane (DIM) is a phytochemical that exhibits an extensive variety of pharmacological activities and its properties such as low bioavailability and dissolubility have impeded its clinical improvement. In this manner, there is a keen interest in studying whether the nano formulation of DIM combined with chitosan would be more efficient.
Methods: Ionic gelation is a viable method for preparing nanoparticles for delivery to human mammary cancer cell line (MCF-7). The nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by the methods of UV spectrophotometer, Zeta Sizer, Particle size analyzer, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Further, we have scrutinized the therapeutic efficacy of DIM-CS-NP in MCF-7 by using MTT, biochemical analysis, acridine orange/ethidium bromide, rhodamine-123, comet assay and western blotting analysis in MCF-7 cells.
Results and discussion: The encapsulated DIM spheres with an average diameter of 50-100 nm exhibited high encapsulation efficiency and loading efficacy of 95.80±1.25% and 36.70±2.41% respectively. Furthermore, mammary cancer cells treated with encapsulated DIM inhibit cellular proliferation, promotion of mutation and genetic inability by induced apoptosis through intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways.
Conclusion: Hence, DIM encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles have proved to be a highly effective form of drug targeted delivery in cancer treatment. In conclusion, the result shows that this novel formulation may overcome the current limitations of DIM to provide a new treatment approach for mammary cancer.
The effects of stay-at-home orders and their associated factors in elderly Koreans and Korean-Americans during COVID-19
Authors: Nam Hae Kweun , Lee Hocheol , Zhao Bo , Oh Hyunsung , Nam Eun Woo , Koh Sangbaek
Published: April 2023

Objective: The coronavirus pandemic has caused several people to feel isolated. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study on 23 Korean and Korean-Americans to determine their general characteristics, loneliness, depression, and cognitive function.
Methods: We investigated the possible relationships between these variables and the duration of staying at home due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Mann–Whitney U and Fisher’s exact tests were used for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationships between the variables.
Results: Depression scores were higher in the Korean participants, and no difference was found in loneliness or cognitive function. The multivariate regression analysis results indicated that the duration of staying at home due to COVID-19 negatively associated with depression scores.
Conclusions: Depression in the elderly Korean population should be assessed and managed using efficient healthcare approaches. Studies with large cohorts are needed to investigate whether a sense of security affects depression in older adults who stay at home to avoid COVID-19.
New Dual PDE1B and PDE10A Inhibitors Identified via Ligand-Based Pharmacophore Modelling and Virtual Screening
Authors: Soon Ching Wen , Gaurav Anand , Gautam Vertika
Published: April 2023

Context
Schizophrenia is a chronic neuropsychiatric disorder affecting over 1% of the world population. Current antipsychotic therapy shows inadequacy in mitigating the negative and cognitive symptoms, besides causing undesirable extrapyramidal side effects. Inhibition of PDE1B and PDE10A simultaneously can mitigate positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Thus, this study was aimed at identifying new dual PDE1B and PDE10A inhibitors using ligand-based pharmacophore modelling, virtual screening, and molecular docking.
Pharmacophore models for PDE1B and PDE10A produced Gunner-Henry (GH) scores of 0.83 and 0.71, respectively. Pharmacophore model based virtual screening and molecular docking led to the identification of UNPD167314 as the lead compound with good binding affinity for PDE1B (-8.4 kcal/mol) and PDE10A (-9.7 kcal/mol). The binding interactions include hydrophobic interactions with P-clamp and hydrogen bonding with invariant glutamine. Structural modifications resulted in the design of 51 novel inhibitors, with compound 18 exhibiting the highest binding affinity for both PDE1B (-10.6 kcal/mol) and PDE10A (-11.7 kcal/mol) following substitution of tertbutyl at R1, hydroxyl at R2, and carboxyl at R3.
Methods
LigandScout 4.4.8 was used to generate, validate, and refine the ligand-based pharmacophore models for PDE1B and PDE10A, followed by sequential virtual screening of the Universal Natural Products Database. The hits were screened further using DruLiTo software to ensure BBB penetration. Pan Assay Interference Compounds were removed using PAINS-Remover server. SwissADME and PreADMET were used to deduce pharmacokinetic parameters of the screened compounds. Finally, Molecular docking and visualization of the dual hits were performed using Autodock Vina 1.2.0, followed by structural modifications to improve interaction affinity.
Numerical Simulation of the saline water electrolysis process using electromagnetic waves
Authors: Eghbali Akbar , Karafi Mohammad Reza , Sadeghi Mohammad Hosein
Published: April 2023

The electromagnetic waves have been used to accelerate chemical reactions in comparison of conventional reactions. In this article, a numerical method has been used to compare saline water electrolysis (EL) and saline water electromagnetic electrolysis reactor (EMER) in order to realize the effect of electromagnetic waves on electrolysis process. At the first, the effect of electromagnetic waves on the ion separation has been investigated. In the following, influence of main operating parameters such as cell potential (10-16 v), salinity (110-440 mol/m³ NaCl), electrode diameters (8-20 mm), and microwave frequency (0.3-2.4 GHz) on the ion concentrations have been investigated numerically for an up-flow axisymmetric cylinder. Results have shown that an obvious enhancement has been occurred in ion separation due to electromagnetic irradiation. The dechlorination in EMER process has been improved dramatically in comparison with EL process. Also, the ion separation has been enhanced linearly by increasing the cell potential and initial salinity. Finally, the dechlorination of EMER has been improved slightly, by decreasing the frequency.
A Novel Ferroptosis-Related Genes Signature Correlates with the Prognosis and Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jia Jinghao , Yao Xuemin , Sun Lu , Liu Meiyue , Yang Chao , Wang Jing
Published: April 2023

Objective: Although great progress has been made in diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the clinical prognosis and overall survival of advanced LUAD are still poor. It has been proved that ferroptosis plays crucial role in LUAD. However, the prognosis of ferroptosis related genes (FRGs) in LUAD remains largely unclear. Thus, this study aims at exploring the FRGs signature in the prognosis of LUAD.
Methods: FGRs,the gene expression data, and GSE72094 and GSE68465 datasets was downloaded from FerrDb database, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The survival analysis was analyzed by R package “survminer” using Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test. The model’s predictive ability was confirmed using receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve. Immune and stromal score of tumor sample was calculated with the ESTIMATE algorithm. The infiltrating score of 16 immune cells and the immune-related pathways (13) activity was detected by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) and R package “OncoPredict” (v0.2) were applied to predict the potential response to immune checkpoint blockade and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each drug, respectively.
Results: We constructed a novel 17 FRGs prognostic signature in LUAD, that show excellent predictive performance for the overall survival. Furthermore, we found that the high-risk group had a lower survival rate than that in the low-risk group. The ROC curve indicated the accuracy of the risk score model in judging the prognosis of LUAD. ESTIMATE and IC50 assay revealed that the risk scoring model was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration and response to targeted therapy.
Conclusion: 17 FRGs signature showed outstanding advantages in the LUAD prognosis and dysregulated immune cell infiltration, suggesting that it might be a therapeutic alternative for LUAD by targeting ferroptosis.
Rugosidade Superficial e Microdureza de Resina Composta Reforçada por Nanotubos de Titânio: Revisão das Aplicações Utilizando Método Hidrotérmico
Authors: Marques Bruno Fernandes , Limírio João Pedro Justino de Oliveira , Salzedas Leda Maria Pescinini , Alves Rezende Maria Cristina Rosifini , Lisboa Filho Paulo Noronha
Published: April 2023

As resinas compostas se diferem em seus componentes inorgânicos quanto ao tipo de partícula, tamanho e percentagem em peso de acordo com o compósito. As partículas maiores são muitas vezes associadas a um descolamento importante da matriz e, portanto, a uma maior porosidade da restauração. Recentemente, a introdução de particulas de tamanho nanométrico nos compósitos híbridos tem permitido combinar características mecânicas com um procedimento mais fácil de polimento, resultando em uma menor rugosidade superficial. Sabe-se que o meio bucal é o maior responsável pela degradação química das resinas compostas, não só pelos ácidos formados pelo biofilme, os quais potencializam a hidrólise do material com consequente alteração da textura superficial, como também pelas forças de abrasão e compressão, além das alterações térmicas, responsáveis pelo envelhecimento do material. Nesse ambiente tão íngreme e desafiador, potencializado pela diferença de dureza entre as partículas inorgânicas e a matriz resinosa, a lisura superficial das resinas compostas, obtida imediatamente após o acabamento e polimento da restauração confeccionada, sofre alterações. Uma estratégia para melhorar as propriedades das resinas compostas é o uso da nanotecnologia pelo potencial em modificar significativamente as propriedades da matriz polimérica. Em especial as nanopartículas de titânio possuem algumas propriedades desejáveis tais como: biocompatibilidade, estabilidade no meio bucal, atividade antimicrobiana e ainda podem aumentar a resistência do material aos esforços mastigatórios. A literatura tem sugerido sua incorporação aos materiais odontológicos com o propósito de auxiliar na descontaminação de materiais utilizados na confecção restaurações, contribuindo assim para o controle da infecção. Com base nessas considerações, o propósito desse trabalho é revisar o comportamento de superfície de resinas reforçadas por nanotubos de titânio obtidos pelo método hidrotérmico. .
A non-parametric approach to determine an efficient premium for drought insurance
Authors: A. Rakotoarisoa Manitra , P. Mapp Harry
Published: April 2023

Insurance to deal with prolonged drought periods in rural Africa requires a practical method to estimate accurate premium values that minimize economic losses. We use non-parametric methods to determine the risk non-neutral insurer’s premium for drought insurance on rain-fed crops. Premium values are estimated on the basis of percentage of the expected yield losses over the potential yields. Expected yield losses are estimated based on data on the levels of rainfall, potential evapotranspiration and water-holding capacity of the soil, and water requirement of the crop. Maize crop in West Kenya, and rice crop in the Central High Plains of Madagascar are taken as case studies. To check if farmer’s choice of starting seasons affects the expected yields and the values of premium, we employ forecasted yields for two different sowing dates (October vs. November) for maize, and two different transplantation dates (November vs. December) for rice. The mean-variance (E-V), the First-Degree Stochastic Dominance (FSD), and the Second-Degree Stochastic Dominance (SSD) efficiency criteria are used to rank each pair of distributions. Results show that an insurer for maize production in Western Kenya would require a premium value between 43 and 55% of the potential yields to fully cover the loss caused by lack of rainfall. Under E-V and FSD, the two yield distributions cannot be ranked, but under SSD the yield distribution of the October-sown maize dominates that of November. For lowland rice in the Central High Plains of Madagascar, all three efficiency criteria indicate that the yield distribution of the December-transplanted rice dominates that of November and the premium values are less than 4 % of the potential yields.
Banking sector development and economic growth nexus in BRICS
Authors: Tsaurai Kunofiwa
Published: April 2023

The paper examined the influence of the banking sector on economic growth in the BRICS countries using panel data analysis methods (1987–2020). The effect of the complementarity variable on economic growth in BRICS was also explored using the same data set. The lack of agreement in the empirical literature on the relationship between banking sector development and growth motivated this study. The study was also motivated by the desire to deal away with the omitted variable bias which is to a very large extent plagued the available literature on the influence of the banking sector on economic growth. Panel data analysis included fixed effects (FE), fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), and pooled ordinary least squares (OLS). It was observed that the banking sector had a significant positive effect on economic growth under the pooled OLS (all three models) and fixed effects (model 1). Model 2 under the fixed effects indicate a negative significant relationship moving from the banking sector towards economic growth. FMOLS (models 1 and 2), pooled OLS (models 1, 2 and 3), and fixed effects (model 1) show that the complementarity variable enhanced economic growth significantly. Policies aimed at enhancing banking sector development and domestic investment should be implemented without delay by the BRICS countries if they intend to bolster economic growth.
Strategi Representasi Politik Anggota Legislatif Perempuan di Media Sosial: Studi Terhadap Christina Aryani Anggota DPR-RI Periode 2019-2021
Authors: Nur Alifah Anisyah
Published: April 2023

Dalam upaya meningkatkan representasi politik di masyarakat, anggota dewan perwakilan rakyat haruslah menjalankan tugas dan tanggung jawab kepada para konstituenya sesuai dengan apa yang diamanahkan oleh pasal 71 huruf s UU No.27/2009. Hal ini dilakukan oleh anggota legislatif perempuan Christina Aryani untuk menjalankan representasi politik sebagai wakil dari perempuan dan daerah pemilihannya. Melalui media sosial Instagram dan Facebook, Christina Aryani memiliki tugas dan tanggung jawab untuk melakukan penyerapan aspirasi, menghimpun dan menindak lanjuti aspirasi yang datang dari konsituennya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk melihat bagaimana seorang Christina Aryani menjalankan strategi untuk meningkatkan representasi politiknya melalui media sosial.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa 1) Chirstina Aryani menjalankan representasi politiknya dengan berfokus pada kelompok masyarakat perempuan serta kelompok masyarakat diaspora Indonesia dan konstituen yang berasal dari daerah pemilihanya. 2) media yang digunakan Christina Aryani dalam strategi representasi politiknya melalui media sosial Instagram dan juga Facebook. 3) Christina Aryani menerapkan konsep strategi Henry Mintzberg yakni (Strategy as Pattern, Positioning, and Ploy).
Political Branding Arief Rohman dalam Menyukseskan Kampanye Pilkada 2020 di Media Sosial
Authors: Fitri Alifa Nur
Published: April 2023

Momen pesta demokrasi idealnya melibatkan proses kampanye dan political branding oleh setiap masing-masing kandidat agar mampu merebut atensi dan pilihan dari masyarakat. Penggunaan media digital menjadi perhatian era ini akibat peningkatan pengguna media sosial yang memudahkan politikus untuk berkampanye politik dan membentuk citra. Media sosial juga untuk menyebarluaskan visi dan misi pesan politik dan mempersuasi masyarakat. Salah satunya adalah Arief Rohman Bupati Kabupaten Blora yang sukses memanfaatkan media sosial sebagai media kampanye untuk mencitrakan dirinya dihadapan publik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian jenis kualitatif deskriptif, Pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif sesuai dengan tujuan dari artikel ini yakni untuk melihat political branding yang merupakan bagian dari kampanye yang dilakukan oleh aktor politik. Sumber data dari instagram @ariefrohman838 dan metode penelitian kualitatif, artikel ini membuktikan bahwa Arief Rohman sukses dalam melakukan kegiatan kampanye dan political branding di media sosial dengan tagar santernya, #sesarenganmbangunBlora.
Peran Manushya dalam Mendukung Demokrasi di Thailand
Authors: Dewi Nevy Rusmarina
Published: April 2023

Demonstrasi di Thailand berlangsung selama beberapa bulan pada tahun 2020 diprakarsai oleh generasi muda dan terpelajar yang pro-demokrasi. Mereka melakukan beberapa tuntutan, di antaranya pemecatan Perdana Menteri Prayut, menuntut perubahan konstitusi dan menuntut reformasi monarki untuk mengurangi kekuasaan Raja Maha Vajiralongkorn. Manushya foundation (Manushya) menjadi salah satu organisasi penggerak yang mengobarkan semangat demokrasi pada pemuda Thailand. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membahas peran yang dilakukan oleh Manushya dalam mendorong pemuda Thailand untuk melakukan demonstrasi pro-demokrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan study library dengan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gerakan Manushsya yang mengutamakan HAM di Thailand merupakan salah satu organisasi yang berhasil mendukung gerakan demonstrasi menuntut demokrasi di Thailand pada tahun 2022. Beberapa upaya yang dilakukan antara lain, yaitu dengan memposting ulang momentum demokrasi yang pernah terjadi pada peristiwa 14 Oktober 1973, memuat berita dukungan  pro-demokrasi,  memberitakan para biksu yang melakukan aksi pro-demokrasi, melakukan kritik terhadap  kebebasan informasi yang dibatasi, serta meminta pemerintah untuk memperhatikan HAM para demonstran.
Politik Hukum Perkawinan di Sudan Pasca Perubahan Konstitusi
Authors: Abdoeh Nor Mohammad , Zumrotun Siti
Published: April 2023

Sudan adalah salah satu negara muslim di Afrika dengan mayoritas penduduknya menganut faham Sunni. Dengan banyaknya polemik politik dan perseteruan yang dihadapi negara Sudan pasca kemerdekannya, maka arah konstitusi negara berubah pula, hal ini berimplikasi pada penerapan dan konsep aturan hukum keluarga di Sudan. Karakteristik yang paling unik dari perkembangan politik di Sudan adalah pada masa Presiden Omar Basyir yang mengumumkan “Revolusi Islam” hal ini tentu saja memengaruhi tata kehidupan masyarakat Sudan secara keseluruhan. Sejak itulah Sudan menjadi Negara yang meletakkan dasar hukum Islam sebagai pengatur ketatanegaraannya, walaupun setelah itu terjadi pergolakan politik yang mengakibatkan presiden dikudeta, apalagi dengan pecahnya negara Sudan menjadi dua Negara. Rumusan Masalah yang mendasar pada tulisan ini ialah bagaimana perombakan dan reformasi hukum Perkawinan di negara Sudan pasca pemisahan antara agama dan Negara? Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis Sosiologis. Adapun inti kesimpulan dari artikel ini ialah bahwa lahirnya produk hukum perkawinan Islam di Sudan tidak bisa dilepaskan dari unsur politik pada masa kepemimpinan presiden Omar Basyir yang melakukan revolusi Islam di Negara Sudan, tentunya ini mempengaruhi keberadaan hukum khususnya aturan perkawinan, walaupun setelah itu ada perubahan konstitusi dari negara Islam menuju negara sekuler dengan menghapus beberapa aturan syariah di negara Sudan.
Effects of flaxseed on the nutritional and sensory qualities of pan and Arabic flat breads
Authors: Al-Hassawi Fatima , Al-Ghanim Jameela , Al-Foudari Mohammad , Al-Othman Amani , Sidhu Jiwan
Published: April 2023

Flaxseed is a useful source of omega-3 fatty acid and many health-promoting phytochemicals. Baked products are extensively consumed in the Arabic countries. This study mainly aimed to improve the nutritional quality of pan and Arabic flat breads by adding whole and crushed flaxseed.

The study objects were pan and Arabic flat breads wholegrain and white wheat flour with whole or crushed flaxseed at different amounts. The proximate composition, texture, color characteristics, and sensory analysis were evaluated by standard methods.

The fat content increased in both the white wheat flour and in the wholegrain wheat flour pan breads with 8% of crushed flaxseed. The addition of 8% of crushed flaxseed to the white wheat flour bread also increased its specific loaf volume, while the addition of 8% of whole flaxseed significantly decreased the specific loaf volume of the wholegrain wheat flour bread. Crushed flaxseed did not affect the L* values, but significantly increased the a* values in the white wheat flour pan bread. Supplementing the white wheat flour pan bread with 8% of whole flaxseed decreased the compression force, thus indicating a softer texture. 8% of whole flaxseed significantly increased fat and protein contents of the white wheat and wholegrain wheat flour pan breads. Similar trends were observed for the Arabic breads, thus proving the enhancing effect of flaxseed on the nutritional quality of these baked products. The addition of crushed flaxseed to white wheat flour Arabic bread adversely affected its appearance and crust color, as well as significantly increased its ash, fat, protein, and dietary fiber contents. However, it did not have any adverse effect on the texture, flexibility, and flavor.

Flaxseed grains in the amount of 8% can be recommended to produce baked products with good sensory and nutritional qualities.
Assessing the functionality of water supply handpumps in a Sub-Saharan Africa rural environment: a practical application in eight councils in the Mvila Division, Southern Cameroon
Authors: Dang Mvongo Victor , Defo Célestin , Tchoffo Martin
Published: April 2023

This paper presents updated water handpump functionality estimates for eight councils in the Mvila Division, southern region of Cameroon. The methodological approach was based on a technical inspection of 647 water points (181 boreholes and 466 wells) and semi-structured interviews with 500 stakeholders, including 103 water point committee members, 389 water users, and 8 water experts. According to the findings, one out of every three hand pumps is inoperable. Based on this rate, approximately 1.3 billion CFA francs (approximately 2 million US dollars) invested by the government, communities, and development partners are immobilized and do not generate any benefit for affected rural communities. This high level of handpump non-functionality is due to the low economic viability of water point management, the poor functionality of water point committees, and the poorly structured handpump maintenance chain. The pooling of water point management at the scale of the Mvila Division appears to be an avenue to be explored to improve the functionality of the handpump.
Quantifying the streamflow change and influencing factors with a spatio-temporal coupling analysis framework
Authors: Zhou Zehui , Yu Lei , Wu Xiufeng , Zhang Luchen , Luo Shaoze , Zhang Yu , Yong Bin , Sheng Junqi
Published: April 2023

Streamflow change and its influencing factors are synchronous and correlated in temporal and spatial scales. The aim of this study is to develop a spatio-temporal coupling analysis framework for quantifying streamflow change and its influencing factors was established. Specifically, the Mann–Kendall test, Pettitt's test, hierarchical cluster analysis, and Ripley's L-function were jointly used to study the spatial heterogeneity of the temporal evolution of streamflow; and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was employed to quantify the impacts of climate and human activities on streamflow change. The preliminary application in the Dawen River Basin (China) case has shown that (1) the natural streamflow change in the basin during 1953–2013 is mainly affected by climate change–human activities, followed by climate change and human activities, accounting for a total area of 52.04, 24.90, and 23.06%, respectively; and (2) the vast majority of sub-basins with relatively large natural streamflow change are mainly driven by climate change (i.e., precipitation). In general, the proposed framework can effectively reflect the spatio-temporal patterns of streamflow change and its influencing factors, which can provide a theoretical basis for water resources management in the context of global change.
Does time budget pressure effect quality audit?
Authors: Pratiwi Ni Made Wirasyanti Dwi , Bagiada I Made , Sudiadnyani I Gusti Agung Oka , Putrayasa I Made Agus , Pramitari I Gusti Ayu Astri
Published: April 2023

Financial statements need to be audited by a public accountant as an independent third party outside the company to avoid mistakes that occur. Audited financial reports are more reliable. This study aims to find out and provide empirical evidence of the effect of time budget pressure on audit quality. This study took samples based on the non-probability sampling method with saturated sample techniques so that all auditors in the Public Accounting Firm Bali Province registered at IAPI became the sample. The regression analysis technique in this study is using a simple regression analysis technique. The results of the study show that time budget pressure has a negative and significant effect on audit quality.
The Reconfigurations in Brazilian Television and the New Communicational Dynamics: A Study About the Globoplay Streaming Platform
Authors: Santos Neto Valdemir , Bressan Júnior Mário Abel
Published: April 2023

This article aims at discussing aspects related to the context of the decline of television, approaching Latin American television studies with other theories about television. In this study, we focus our discussion on Globoplay, Grupo Globo's streaming platform — the largest Brazilian media conglomerate. Our analysis investigates Grupo Globo's project to recover old soap operas as a media and marketing strategy for the streaming platform. Based on a theoretical discussion, the study believes that Brazilian television has found ways to guarantee its existence due to platformisation. On the assumption that the socialising character is a major advantage of television, this study questions whether television would be losing its socialising function to the detriment of new media cultures. In fact, we observe that social television and participatory culture employ elements that aggregate and reconfigure this current phase of television, described as a hypertelevision by some authors, such as Scolari (2009). With this in mind, we may not be witnessing television's decline but its new essence. In addition to mobilizing consumption, the return of old soap operas promotes the socialization of the collective nostalgic feeling generated by these productions on social networks. It is evident that the platform has explored this reciprocal relationship between nostalgia and convergence culture to consolidate itself in the Brazilian streaming scenario. In light of these notes, we believe that affective memory has a considerable impact on the strategies employed by the platform, functioning as a profitable and effective mechanism for the survival of Brazilian television.
Исследование температуры поверхности, контактирующей с плазмой, методом двухцветной пирометрии
Authors: Воронин А.В. , Горяинов В.Ю. , Капралов А.А. , Токарев В.А. , Сотникова Г.Ю.
Published: April 2023

A high-speed two-color pyrometer has been developed that allows measuring the intensity of thermal radiation in temperature range of 100-3500 0C with 2 µs time resolution. The analysis of the main factors affecting the measurement of surface temperature in the conditions of its interaction with plasma is carried out. It is shown that at plasma temperature of more than 10 eV and moderate concentration of particles, the wall plasma can be considered transparent to thermal radiation. Experimental studies on non-contact measurement of temperature of surface interacting with plasma on Globus-M2 tokamak and plasma gun test bench have been carried out. Sawtooth temperature fluctuations were detected on the wall of tokamak chamber near the exit of outer separatrix branch. The period of these flashes was 3-4 ms, and duration was 2 ms. The maximum wall temperature measured by a high-speed pyrometer exceeded the temperature measured by infrared camera. Measurements of temperature of the front surface of W-Li sample were carried out at plasma gun test bench under conditions of deuterium plasma jet cyclic action under loads simulating regimes of plasma current disruption in tokamak. The sample temperature reached more than 3000 0C during < 1 ms. The thermal conductivity of the sample degraded with an increase in number of plasma exposure cycles, which was expressed in progressive decrease in target cooling rate after the pulse. Using a high-speed pyrometer, it is proposed to control the formation of heat-insulating foils on surface interacting with plasma.
Влияние остаточных напряжений в стали У8 с грубопластинчатым перлитом на магнитную проницаемость
Authors: Кулеев В.Г.
Published: April 2023

The physical reasons for the formation of peaks of that part of the magnetic permeability, which is caused by transitions of only 90-degree domain boundaries µ90(H0) in deformed steel U8 with coarse-plate perlite when the field changes along the back of the hysteresis loop, are considered. It is shown that the orientation relations of the Patch-Pitch between single-crystal ferrite and cementite plates in U8 steel lead to the appearance of a constant angle between the magnetic moments of these plates and, consequently, to the appearance of corresponding local scattering fields. The latter can significantly affect the values of the peak fields of the curve µ90(H0).
Theoretical expressions for these fields containing contributions of scattering fields that should be taken into account when determining residual compressive stresses are obtained.
It is also shown that to determine the residual stresses, two expressions for peak fields are not enough, and additional experiments are needed, as which it is proposed to use the dependences of the coercive force on elastic tensile stresses. This leads to a complication of the algorithm for determining residual compressive stresses in comparison with the case of low-carbon steels.
A method for estimating the values of local scattering fields in the ferrite parts of U8 steel grains with residual compressive stresses is proposed.
SOT-MRAM-элемент на основе спинового эффекта Холла: макроспиновая модель двухтактного переключения
Authors: Островская Н.В. , Скиданов В.А. , Юсипова Ю.А.
Published: April 2023

The article presents the results of a qualitative study of the model of a modern magnetic memory cell, in which the spin Hall effect is used for recording. Cells of square cross-section with longitudinal anisotropy of the active layer are considered. Based on the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert vector equation, a mathematical model for controlling the process of writing zero and one into a cell is constructed. In the approximation of a uniform distribution of magnetization, a system of equations is derived that describes the dynamics of magnetization under the action of a magnetic field and spin current. The parameters of the qualitatively equivalent dynamics of the model are determined. It has been established that at zero currents and fields in both cases there are two main stable equilibrium positions. These equilibria, depending on the mutual orientation of the magnetization vector of the active and reference layers, correspond to zero and one, written in the cell. The transition from one cell state to another is described by solving a system of differential equations. A bifurcation diagram of a dynamical system in the variables "field-current" is constructed. It is shown that with a given configuration of the memory element, external influences transfer the magnetization to an intermediate state in the plane of the free layer, which, when the current and field are turned off, leads to writing zero or one to the memory cell. The critical switching current is estimated as a function of the applied external magnetic field.
Key words: spintronics, orbitronics, magnetization, Landau – Lifshitz – Gilbert equation, spin Hall effect, spin current, charge current, spin torque, longitudinal anisotropy, planar anisotropy.
Соотношения взаимности для механически индуцированных спиновых токов в металлах в нелинейном режиме
Authors: Игнатьев В.К.
Published: April 2023

В приближении марковской релаксации и локально квазиравновесного распределения методом Кубо получены аналоги соотношений Онзагера для функций отклика спинового тока в нелинейном по интенсивным механическим и термодинамическим воздействия режиме. Ключевые слова: локально квазиравновесное распределение, спиновый гамильтониан, спиновый ток, нелинейность, взаимность, стрейнтроника, спиновая калоритроника, спиновый эффект Пельтье, спиновый эффект Зеебека.
Моделирование распыления поликристаллического бериллия атомами H, D, T
Authors: Бабенко П.Ю. , Михайлов В.С. , Шергин А.П. , Зиновьев А.Н.
Published: April 2023

The results of modeling the sputtering coefficients of polycrystalline beryllium by hydrogen isotopes in the range of collision energies of 8 eV–100 keV and their dependences on the angle of incidence of the beam on the surface are presented. This data is necessary for estimating the sputtering of the first wall in the ITER tokamak made from beryllium. A strong surface shape influence on obtained results is shown. The limiting cases of a flat potential barrier (smooth surface) and a spherical potential barrier (a surface consisting of spikes) are considered. The effect of collision cascades on the sputtering coefficient has been established. The dependences of the average depth of sputtered particle formation on the bombarding particles energy are obtained for various angles of beam incidence on the target. The energy spectra and angular dependences of the ejection of sputtered particles are calculated for different energies of bombarding beam atoms. It is shown that the presence of an attractive well in the potential of an incident particle–surface changes the sputtering coefficient dependence on incidence angle at small glancing angles.
Effectiveness of a Smartphone App (Heia Meg) in Improving Decisions About Nutrition and Physical Activity: Prospective Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Olsen Christine , Lungu Daniel Adrian
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Obesity is a prevalent and serious chronic condition associated with abnormal or excessive fat buildup that poses significant health risks. The rates of overweight and obesity in adults and children continue to rise, with global rates of children with overweight or obesity aged 5-19 years growing from 4% to 18% between 1975 and 2016. Furthermore, in 2017, nearly 4 million people died due to complications arising from being overweight or obese.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the potential impact of the mobile app Heia Meg on promoting healthier lifestyle choices regarding nutrition and physical activity.

METHODS

A prospective longitudinal study was conducted in collaboration with the Norwegian Directorate of Health. Participants were recruited through the Heia Meg app and were asked to complete a questionnaire before and after using the app. A total of 199 responses were included in the first (preintervention) questionnaire, while 99 valid responses were obtained in the second (postintervention) questionnaire.

RESULTS

The majority (159/199, 79.9%) of participants were female, and their age ranged from 18 years to 70 years and older. The results show a reduction in BMI after the digital intervention. However, some variables influence the BMI reduction effect: sex, age, education, and smoking. The group that obtained the most benefit from the intervention consisted of those who were male, aged 30-39 years, highly educated, and nonsmokers. Although positive, some of the findings are slightly above the statistical significance threshold and therefore should be interpreted carefully.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study found weak evidence to support the effectiveness of the Heia Meg app in promoting healthier lifestyle choices. However, limitations and confounding factors suggest that further research in different populations with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm or disprove our findings.
KAP of Principal Investigators Perception On Genetic Data Reuse for Future Research (Preprint)
Authors: KLE COP Revanasiddappa
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

It is the responsibility of the principal investigator to safeguard study participants' privacy and prevent the disclosure of any research findings, among other things. The investigator should aware the before involved in any clinical trial or genetic research activities. Obtaining consent, sample collection, storage, post-research access, and benefits of sharing and coding belong to general ethical considerations in genetic research or clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE

To Assess the KAP of the principal investigator perception on Genetic data re-use for future research

METHODS

Meeting of the Institutional Review Board on Human Subjects for Research Projects for the KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research was held on June 7 and 8, 2021 and approved the study proposal with Ref: KAHER/EC/ 21-22-022 dated: 29-Jul-2021

RESULTS

The current study primarily focused on the Knowledge, attitude and practices of the principal investigators (n=50) with regarding genetics and the reuse of its data in future research. The exchange or return of participant-specific genetic research data in an encrypted form. Encryption refers to the process of converting data into a code to prevent unauthorized access. The responses show that 15 participants (30%) strongly agree, 35 (70%) agree, and none disagree or strongly disagree.

CONCLUSIONS

There are ICMR data standards guidelines are available but the ethics in research is related globe and need of uniform guidelines to get train the investigators or those who are going to involve in any research. Genetic data re-uses are integral part of clinical trials. As the study revealed that while many principal investigators were unaware of the potential benefits of the sharing information and concerns around the confidentiality and ethical/legal issues remained prevalent. There is a lack of Knowledge and understanding of genetic consent, reuse of genetic data, and ethical issues surrounding genetic research. But there is an uncertainty around the forms of consent required for re-use in the research. There is a commercialization of collected genetic data to third parties i.e. biobanks. Particularly in genomic research analysis or data uses bioethics is involved and evolved recently

CLINICALTRIAL

CTRI/2021/11/038211 [Registered on: 23/11/2021] - Trial Registered Prospectively
Transvenous obliteration of gastric varices
Authors: Chooklin S.M. , Chuklin S.S.
Published: April 2023

Gastric varices on the background of portal hypertension occur less frequently than esophageal varices but they develop at lower portal pressure and are associated with more massive bleedings and higher mortality rate. Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO) has been well documented as an effective therapy for gastric varices caused by portal hypertension. However, BRTO requires long-term, higher-level post-procedural monitoring and can have complications related to balloon rupture and adverse effects of sclerosing agents. Several modified BRTO techniques have been developed, including vascular plug-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration, coil-assisted retrograde transvenous obliteration, and balloon-occluded antegrade transvenous obliteration. This article provides an overview of BRTO various and modified BRTO techniques.