bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delirium in Children after Cardiac Surgery: Brain Resuscitation
Authors: V. Grigoriev Evgeny , A. Ivkin Artem
Published: October 2022

This chapter presents the current data on delirium in children in the postoperative period with the correction of congenital heart defects. The analysis of the causes of delirium, according to the literature data, pathophysiology, clinical signs, and methods of diagnosis of postoperative delirium, is shown. In addition, methods for the prevention of delirium in children during cardiac surgery are presented.
Climate Change and Algal Communities
Authors: Tamanna Ferdous Umme , Norhana Balia Yusof Zetty
Published: October 2022

Climate change is one of the major global concerns jeopardizing human health and wildlife. This event is considered a threat to the marine ecosystem as well. Marine algae are the leading producer in the benthic food chain. Therefore, any change in marine algal communities will disrupt the whole ecosystem. Currently, algal species face significant changes in their abundance and distribution worldwide. Toxic species are frequently invading and causing a phenomenon called the harmful algal bloom, which threatens the seafood industry and public health. This chapter will focus on the significant distribution of algal communities worldwide and the impact of climate change on these marine algal species. Besides, this chapter will shed some light on how these changes affect the marine food chain and ultimately affect human health.
Alternative Dominant Masculinity: An Intersectional Observation of the Combat Soldier
Authors: Grosswirth Kachtan Dana
Published: October 2022

The aim of this paper is to examine the construction of different masculinities through the intersection of gender, ethnicity, and cultural context. The paper will show that this intersection occurs through a process of “reciprocal ethnicization” between ethnicity as a social category and the surrounding ethnic culture. Ethnicity influences the construction of an ethnic cultural context, which subsequently influences the construction of ethno-masculine identities. In this way, there is a mutual influence of ethnicity on the cultural context and vice versa. The study is based on an examination of the military, which is a central organization for the construction of masculine identities; and it will focus specifically on combat soldiers, who constitute the most significant model of idealized masculinity. I argue that in order to construct the combat soldier, infantry brigades create various images of the combat soldier as a result of the different ethno-cultures of each brigade.
Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Opportunistic Infections Associated with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in Uganda
Authors: Rubaihayo John , Mbona Tumwesigye Nazarius , Birungi Josephine
Published: October 2022

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains one of the greatest challenges of the twenty-first century in the absence of an effective vaccine or cure. It is estimated globally that close to 38 million people are currently living with the HIV virus and more than 36 million have succumbed to this deadly virus from the time the first case was reported in early 1980s. The virus degrades the human body immunity and makes it more vulnerable to different kinds of opportunistic infections (OIs). However, with the introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in 2003, the pattern and frequency of OIs has been progressively changing though with variations in the different parts of the World. So this chapter discusses the temporal and spatial patterns of OIs in Uganda.
Techniques for the Thermal Analysis of PCM
Authors: Trigui Abdelwaheb
Published: October 2022

Thermal Energy Storage (TES) technologies based on Phase Change Materials (PCMs) with small temperature differences have effectively promoted the development of clean and renewable energy. Today, accurate thermal characterization is needed to be able to create an optimal design for latent heat storage systems. The thermo-physical properties of PCMs, namely latent heat, phase-change temperatures, enthalpy and specific heat capacity are obtained by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), which is one of the most widely used techniques to study reactions related to the transformation of a material subjected to temperature constraints. This method presents some limitations due, among other things, to the fact that only a very small quantity (less than 90 mg) of material can be tested. Indeed, the small mass samples, taken out of the large testing specimen and out of testing system, is not representative of the thermal behavior of a material on a large scale. The Transient Guarded Hot Plate Technique (TGHPT) presents several advantages when compared to the commercially available thermal analysis methods (DSC, DTA) to determine PCM thermophysical properties. The most significant are large sample amount, optimized measuring time and a simple and economical built up.
Stability of Algorithms in Statistical Modeling
Authors: A. Kronberg Alexander , K. Kronberg Tatiana
Published: October 2022

In this paper, we investigate algorithms stability for calculation of multidimensional integrals using the statistical modeling methods. We considered issues of the algorithms optimization and we give sufficient conditions for the stability. We apply our approach to both calculation of integral from the regression function and the moments integral calculation. In all our numerical experiences, we used the mt19937 pseudorandom number generator.
Detection and Localization of a Failure in a Pipeline Using a Kalman Filter: An Intelligent Integrated Approach Powered by Bayesian Classification
Authors: Doraiswami Rajamani , Cheded Lahouari
Published: October 2022

An integrated approach, based on the fusion of Model-Based Approach (MBA) and Model-Free Approaches (MFA) and powered by Bayesian classification, is proposed to ensure high probability of correct estimation of leakage detection and localization with low false alarm probability to prevent disastrous consequences to the economy and environment. To ensure mathematical tractability, the nonlinear model is better approximated using linear parameter-varying (LPV) model at various operating points indicated by scheduling variables. Flows at various pipeline sections are measured and transmitted wirelessly to a monitoring station. If there is a difference in the flows across a section, it indicates a leakage, and a drone is then sent to determine the exact location of the leakage. The pipeline trajectory is accurately estimated by a human operator. Using the input and the trajectory output, termed signal, an Autonomous Kalman filter (AKF) is designed to ensure accurate tracking of the desired trajectory. The emulator-generated data are used to identify the system, complement historical data to MFA, and develop the classifier fusion. The leakage is sequentially diagnosed by judiciously selecting the most appropriate approach (MFA or MBA) to ensure a fast and accurate diagnosis. The proposed scheme was evaluated on a physical system.
Minimum Miscibility Pressure, Miscible Displacement, CO2 Capture, and Injection
Authors: Gonzalo A. Herbas Pizarro Julio
Published: October 2022

The Minimum Miscibility Displacement Pressure, and the strategies to maintain the reservoir pressure above the minimum miscibility pressure are the most important elements for a successful EOR Dry Gas, CO2, or N2 Miscible injection project. The Miscibility behaviour needs to be understood early after the reservoir discovery to establish if a miscible displacement is economically attractive. The difference of a miscible gas displacement with an immiscible displacement is of such importance because a miscible displacement could achieve a recovery factor as high as 75% to 90% of the contacted oil compared to 30–40% recovery factor for an immiscible displacement process. In some field cases, the MMP is determined in the mid or late field life when the reservoir pressure, temperature and fluids distribution might limit the time left to design and implement a miscible gas displacement; in other, the operators possess the technology to design and implement Miscible Gas Displacement and the ability to articulate the project economy allowing time on decisions to implement, operate, and materialize the incremental recovery from a miscible displacement; therefore, it is recommended to determine the miscibility pressure, as soon the field is identified as candidates for EOR.
Pediatric Panic Disorder, Review of Art Therapy as Supportive and Palliative Intervention
Authors: Moghaddam Kaveh
Published: October 2022

A panic attack is defined as an episode of intense fear and anxiety including both physical symptoms and fearful thoughts. Panic disorder (PD) is diagnosed when a child has recurring panic attacks and ongoing concern about having more attacks for longer than 1 month. Children and teens with panic disorder sometimes avoid going places or avoid engaging in activities out of fear that a panic attack might occur. Although individual panic attacks are common, panic attacks that occur repeatedly are rare. They typically happen in only one to three percent of children and teens. Panic disorder usually does not affect children before the teenage years. Palliative and supportive interventions such as art therapy and family-based interventions are approaches that can help to reduction of this disorder’s symptoms, especially in children and teens. In this chapter, these issues will be illustrated and the practical methods will be presented.
Geometrical Aspects of the Electromagnetic Field
Authors: Trenčevski Kostadin
Published: October 2022

The space–time is based on space as three-dimensional sphere, space rotations also as three-dimensional sphere and time which is homeomorphic to the Euclidean three-dimensional space. There are four basic exchanges among them and four induced exchanges, which lead to the basic interactions in the nature. This geometrical approach enables to obtain new viewpoint especially on the basic interactions and their geometrical interpretations. More attention is devoted to the electromagnetic interactions, where the magnetic field of the spinning bodies is studied separately from the electromagnetic field of the charged bodies. It is also considered the gravitational interaction in order to emphasize the similarities between them and the properties which separate them.
A State-of-the-Art Survey on Various Domains of Multi-Agent Systems and Machine Learning
Authors: Huerta Barrientos Aida , Nila Luevano Alejandro
Published: October 2022

Multi-agent systems (MASs) are defined as a group of interacting entities or agents sharing a common environment that changes over time, with capabilities of perception and action, and the mechanisms for their coordination provide a modern perspective on systems that traditionally were regarded as centralized. The main characteristics of agents are learning and adaptation. In the last few years, MASs have received tremendous attention from scholars in different fields. However, there are still challenges faced by MASs and their integration with machine learning (ML) methods. The primary goal of the study is to provide a broad review of the current developments in the field of MASs combined with ML methods. First, we present features of MASs considering the ML perspective. Second, we provide a classification of applications of MASs combined with ML methods. Third, we present a density map of applications in E-learning, manufacturing, and commerce. We expect this study to serve as a comprehensive resource for researchers and practitioners in the area.
Forest Degradation in Tanzania: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: F. Nzunda Emmanuel , S. Yusuph Amri
Published: October 2022

Forest degradation is a process in which the biological diversity of a forest area is permanently reduced due to one or more factors. Forest degradation continues at an alarming rate, contributing significantly to the loss of biodiversity around the world. This chapter presents the findings of a systematic literature review of forest degradation in Tanzania. The PRISMA method was employed in the study’s search, document selection, and data analysis. There were more studies more recently due to the increasing interest in forest degradation as an important aspect of forest management. Most terms are mentioned less frequently in the document title than in the document as a whole, indicating research gaps for the research topics represented by the research terms. Some terms are covered less than expected, given their significance in forest degradation. The estimated annual volume removals exceed the estimated mean annual increment, indicating forest management in Tanzania is not sustainable. The most mentioned region was Dar es Salaam, while the list mentioned was Rukwa. It is expected that forest stakeholders will find the analysis presented in this study useful. Furthermore, the stakeholders will find interest in addressing temporal, spatial, and thematic research gaps highlighted in this chapter.
Chemical Quality of Rainwater and Surface Runoff Water in the Proximity of the Abstractions That Supply the São Pedro do Sul Medical Spa (Portugal)
Authors: Ferreira-Gomes L.M. , I.S. Tavares Jorge Ana , F. Gonçalves Liliana , Soares Almeida S.M.
Published: October 2022

São Pedro do Sul medical spa provides health services using hot natural groundwater superiorly classified as natural mineral water. The main source of supply of that medical spa, has been over time, the Traditional Spring, which in recent decades has been systematically controlled, and shows spectacular constancy in its chemical quality, if there are no outside contaminations. Within the context presented, the detailed physical-chemical quality of rainwater and surface runoff water was studied, in the proximity of the Traditional Spring, as there is a potential for them to infiltrate at depth and evolve into the natural mineral water aquifer system. Thus, in the present chapter, after presenting the physical-chemical quality of the natural mineral water from the Traditional Spring, as well as some elements of the literature on the physical-chemical quality of rainwater, the methodology of work is followed, and then the results obtained from the physical-chemical composition of rainwater and surface run-off water are presented and discussed, comparing them with the quality of the water from the Traditional Spring. Finally, the main conclusions are presented, and some recommendations are made on research into potential sources of pollution, which justify the poor quality of the rainwater studied.
Asymmetric TVP-VAR Connectedness Approach: The Case of South Africa
Authors: Nzama Lethiwe , Sithole Thanda , Bozkus Kahyaoglu Sezer
Published: October 2022

This chapter assesses connectedness of critical financial variables within the South African context. The key variables determining countries’ international financial risk levels are the prices of their main export goods in the international markets. From this perspective, there is a connection between the prices of financialised commodities and precious metals in international markets, the exchange rates of the countries supplying these goods to the world economy and their risk indicators. As a result, a spill-over effect of financial risk increases the stress between the price movements in international markets, especially in countries whose national economy is based on the precious metals in question, and the risk indicators in international markets. From this point of view, the connection firstly between the gold prices (and secondly between platinum prices), which have an impact on the world economy, and the credit default swaps (CDSs), which show the country’s risk level, and exchange rates of South Africa (RD) are examined. New econometric techniques are used for analysis based on the relevant literature. The empirical findings obtained from the study will be a source of information in the process of forming the economic policy of South Africa.
Modeling and Analysis Techniques for Solving Mechanical Pipe Sticking Problems in Drilling Equipment
Authors: Mizhir Magid Hani
Published: October 2022

Mechanical pipe sticking is the important reasons which has a direct impact on the drilling process efficiency. The problems of pipe sticking during drilling, and the other problems associated with this case is a crucial task that must be early identified to find the causing factors before any further action. The main objectives of this study are to predict and specify the main causes of these problems through modeling and simulation processes. Consequently, the (ANSYS Workbench/2019 R3) Commercial version has been adopted for this analysis purposes. This analysis have been carried out based on the actual interaction and contact between the active working parts to simulate the actual process. In this simulation process, the non-deformable parts like drill pipe, and wellbore sleeve are considered (Masters), while deformable parts are (slaves). Simulation results approved that the pipe stick happened due to high values of generation stresses. The plot of maximum induced stresses shows that the generated stresses in the interaction zone between the outer surface of the drilling pipe and mud are (15) % more than in the other zones. Also, the probability of sticking during drilling can be predicted according to the relation between the drill depth with time and drag forces. It’s concluded that for freeing the stuck pipe it’s very necessary to predict the problems from the beginning. This type of analysis can assure the percentage accuracy for stuck pipe prediction is more than (70) %.
Empathy and Dark Personalities
Authors: Wertag Anja
Published: October 2022

Callousness or low empathy is a key feature of the so-called dark personality traits, in which the interest has been exponentially rising. The most prominent dark personality traits models are the Dark Triad, comprising three distinct, but overlapping traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy, and the Dark Tetrad, with the addition of sadism. Although both theoretical conceptualizations and empirical findings point to impaired empathy as the core of dark personalities, the associations between specific forms of empathy and dark traits are not so consistent. Thus, this chapter aims to provide a critical review of existing findings on the relationship between dark personality traits and specific forms of empathy. Moreover, it aims to offer interesting insights into empathy intervention possibilities in individuals with pronounced dark traits.
The Role of Occludin in Vascular Endothelial Protection
Authors: Du Yunhui , Duan Yanru , Zhang Shihan
Published: October 2022

Endothelial tight junction proteins play an important role in maintaining the integrity of vascular endothelial structure and physiological function. In recent years, studies have found that alterations in the expression, distribution, and structure of endothelial tight junction proteins may lead to many related vascular diseases and pathologies (such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and hypertension). Therefore, related strategies to prevent and/or tight junction proteins dysfunction may be an important therapeutic target. Occludin, as the most representative one among tight junction proteins, is mainly responsible for sealing intercellular junctions, maintaining cell permeability and the integrity of vascular endothelium. Here, we review the published biological information of occludin. We highlight the relationship between occludin and vascular endothelial injury-related disease. At the same time, we show our current knowledge of how vascular endothelial occludin exerts the protective effect and possible clinical applications in the future.
Infective Endocarditis in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Nakagawa Naomi
Published: October 2022

Any congenital heart disease (CHD) with high-velocity jets of blood flow and/or artificial material is associated with the highest risk of infective endocarditis (IE). And IE can be a big issue not only for the patient with CHD before the operation but also after the palliative and the radical surgery. Jets stream of the intracardiac shunt (including the residual shunt after corrective operation) and artificial conduits and/or patches after palliated or corrective operation can be the origin of IE. Even though the incidence of IE in children is much lower than in adults, the risk of IE can be high for patients with CHD. Certain CHD are common underlying conditions of IE, including ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, aortic valve abnormalities, endocardial cushion defects, and tetralogy of Fallot. Furthermore, patients with complex cyanotic CHD with or without conduit procedures, palliative shunt, patches, and prosthetic valves are becoming a large group at risk.
Mechanisms of Insulin Resistance during Pregnancy
Authors: Leoni Martina , Padilla Nathalia , Fabbri Andrea , Della-Morte David , Ricordi Camillo , Infante Marco
Published: October 2022

Pregnancy is physiologically associated with a gradual increase in insulin resistance, which acts as a physiologic adaptive mechanism to ensure the adequate supply of glucose to the rapidly growing fetus. However, an early adaptive increase in beta-cell glucose sensitivity and beta-cell insulin secretion maintains glucose homeostasis during normal pregnancy. Potential mechanisms behind gestational insulin resistance include hormonal, placental, and genetic or epigenetic factors, as well as the increase in visceral adipose tissue, alterations in gut microbiota, and the concurrent presence of overweight or obesity. In some instances, defects in beta-cell adaptive mechanisms occur, resulting in a substantial exacerbation of insulin resistance and in the possible development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This chapter aims to provide readers with a basic knowledge of the physiologic adaptations and the possible dysregulations of glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity during pregnancy. Indeed, this knowledge is critical to properly identifying women at risk for maternal and/or fetal metabolic complications and tailoring the prevention and treatment strategies for this population. We also briefly discuss the potential factors and molecular/cellular mechanisms accounting for gestational insulin resistance and GDM pathophysiology.
The Field of Cardiac Electrophysiology
Authors: Roma Nicholas , Elmer Joshua , Ferraro Bruce , Krinock Matthew , Traub Darren
Published: October 2022

Cardiac electrophysiology is a unique and growing field that has made numerous advances in the past 15 years. Specifically, the field is advancing in terms of types of procedures as well as scope of practice. Pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), and ablations have been the cornerstone of the field and continue to treat more and more conditions. This chapter will convey a birds-eye view of the types of the procedures in electrophysiology, the indications/contraindications, and the advances in the past 15 years. Additionally, local vs. general anesthesia in these procedures as well as the indication for the type of anesthesia will be discussed. The overall aim of this chapter is to present a unique viewpoint of cardiac electrophysiology as well as elaborate on the various types of anesthesia in this field.
Understanding the Effects of Toxoplasmosis on Host Behavior, Personality, and Cognition
Authors: Adekunle Ruth , Lateef Almeera
Published: October 2022

Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that affects about 20–80% of the global population. Chronic infection with toxoplasma, also called latent infection, has largely been considered to be asymptomatic with minimal to no clinical effects or sequelae. Though there is now clear evidence in animal models and mounting evidence in humans that latent toxoplasmosis can have various effects on behavior, personality, cognition, and even psychiatric conditions. In this chapter, we will explore the role latent toxoplasmosis plays in the behavior of animals and humans, and discuss the possible mechanisms for the observed effects.
LYSAN ALKALINE-ULTRABASIC COMPLEX (EASTERN SAYAN): AGE AND GEODYNAMIC CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Mekhonoshin A. S. , Kolotilina T. B. , Travin A. V.
Published: October 2022

This paper presents new ideas about the formational identity, as well as the first data on the age of formation of rocks within the Lysan intrusive complex located at junction of the Derbin block and the Sisim-Kazyr zone of the Central Asian folded belt. The study identified the similarities between the Lysan complex and intrusions of the alkaline-ultrabasic formation. It formed during the period of maximum intraplate activity along the edge of the Siberian craton.
NEW DATA ON THE GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF THE SYNNYR ULTRA-K INTRUSIVE FORMATION
Authors: Smyslov S. A. , Kayukov A. E. , Bystritsky A. O. , Sokolova A. N. , Sotnikova I. A. , Rytsk A.  Yu.
Published: October 2022

The Synnyrsky massif is the largest intrusive containing ultra-potassium syenites, synnyrites, which are raw materials for the production of potash fertilizers and aluminum. An extensive complex of geological and geochemical studies has been carried out, including exploratory drilling, which was carried out on the massif for the first time. The data obtained made it possible to significantly change the idea of the structure of the massif, including a different look at the regularities of the placement of potash-alumina ores, significantly increasing the ore potential and the reliability of its assessment. The present study discusses the existence within the Synnyrsky complex of the third, previously undetected, large intrusive phase, which has its own geological and geochemical features.
XENOLITHS OF POLYMICTIC BRECCIAS FROM KIMBERLITES OF THE YAKUTIAN DIAMONDIFEROUS PROVINCE
Authors: Pokhilenko L. N. , Pokhilenko N. P. , Afanasiev V. P.
Published: October 2022

The polymictic breccias, extremely rare mantle conglomerates being the fragments of rocks and large mantle minerals cemented with fine-grained mass have been long provoking interest of petrologists worldwide. This work provides a comparative analysis of two xenoliths of polymictic rocks from kimberlite pipes of different age and productivity occurring in the Siberian craton. The similarity of the chemical composition of some minerals of polymictic breccias from kimberlites within different parts of the Siberian craton assumes possible formation of these minerals caused by the same factors in the prekimberlite period of these parts of the lithospheric mantle. A wide range of compositions and chaotic zoning of minerals, the presence of exsolution textures in orthopyroxene, ilmenite, sulfide, and kelyphite rims on garnet suggest that the fragments of the studied xenoliths are unbalanced. Sample SH18/20 is the first polymictic breccia showing asthenospheric melt-fluids sampling shallow depths of the spinel facies.
THE “CLINOPYROXENE” PALEOGEOTHERM BENEATH THE OBNAZHENNAYA KIMBERLITE PIPE AND THIСKNESS OF LITHOSPHERE UNDER THE KUOYKA FIELD (SIBERIAN CRATON, YAKUTIA)
Authors: Muravjeva E. A. , Dymshits A. M. , Sharygin I. S. , Golovin A. V. , Logvinova A. M. , Oleinikov O. B.
Published: October 2022

The mantle paleogeotherm under the Obnazhennaya kimberlite pipe (Kuoika field, Siberian craton) was reconstructed using the chemical composition of clinopyroxene xenocrystals and the FITPLOT program. The lithosphere thickness 187–193 km and surface heat flow 41–42 mW/m2 were measured for the Obnazhennaya pipe at the time of kimberlite magmatism in the Mesozoic. The lithosphere thickness was found to be much smaller than that in the central part of the Siberian craton (210–230 km), where Paleozoic diamond-bearing kimberlite pipes-deposits are located. It is however comparable to the highly diamond-bearing Kimberley field in the Kaapvaal craton (South Africa). The absence of diamonds in the pipes of the Kuoika field, but poor diamondiferous Dyanga pipe, might be associated with the more intense metasomatic alteration of the rocks within the lithospheric mantle of this region in the Mesozoic time, as compared to the central part of the Siberian craton in the Middle Paleozoic time.
Two-Eyed Seeing: Seeking Indigenous Knowledge to strengthen climate change adaptation planning in public health
Authors: Macfarlane Ronald , Charles-Norris Kerry Ann , Warren Sarah K. , Mahendra Ahalya , Butler Ainslie J. , Hayes Katie , Mitchell Rachel , Armstrong Brenda
Published: October 2022

Indigenous Peoples of Turtle Island have intimate knowledge of the environment and a long history of adapting to a changing climate. Yet, a scoping review of the literature on climate change adaptation measures identified only one document that provided an Indigenous perspective. On reflection, this pointed to a systemic issue in public health practice. To fill the gap, Cambium Indigenous Professional Services was retained to provide an Indigenous perspective. This paper highlights some of the lessons learned from this experience, not only when it comes to climate change, but also when addressing the broader social and environmental determinants of health. It presents factors public health authorities must consider to meaningfully engage with Indigenous Peoples and reduce health inequities. Significant and purposeful relationships will be developed when public health practitioners take the time to build trust, learn the history of Indigenous Peoples and embrace decolonization. This allows the creation of an ethical space where “Two-Eyed Seeing” can weave the different streams of evidence when developing and implementing climate change adaptation policies and programs.
Environmental scan of social media usage among Ontario public health units
Authors: Skuce Jennifer , Egan Cathy
Published: October 2022

Social media is a relatively novel way to send and express information to a large number of people at one time. Public health units (PHUs) have started to use this forum, but there has been almost no research done on how it is being used and if the way information is presented is effective. Engagement is one way to track if something posted on a social media website is being disseminated effectively to the intended audience. If a post has a low level of engagement this means that less people saw it and read the information regardless of how many times it was posted or how much work was put into the post. This article summarizes an environmental scan completed to assess engagement from all Ontario’s PHUs’ usage of social media from January 1, 2020, to June 30, 2020. The social media platforms assessed in this scan are Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, Tiktok, Pinterest, and Reddit. All social media platforms except Reddit are being used by PHUs in Ontario. Twenty-nine PHUs have their own social media profiles, and five have their profiles included in their municipality’s. Engagement varies by region and platform, but in general increased posting (especially on Twitter and Facebook) had a small negative effect on engagement. Posting less often but with more original or creative content leads to better engagement. Increased follower counts also accounted for higher engagement across all platforms. PHUs would best use their resources to increase follower count and post less often and include more personalized posts to effectively spread their information.
The usefulness of wavelet transformation to reduce noise on vibrations of cable structures
Authors: Hidayat Irpan , Soegiarso Roesdiman , Suangga Made , Suwondo Riza
Published: October 2022

Vibration testing applications have been used to examine a structure's dynamic behavior, such as determining the frequency values in cable structures. The accelerometer is used to record cable vibration data. Cable vibration data that has been mixed with noise has a non-periodic signal. In analyzing non-periodic signals using Fast Fourier Transforms analysis, there are obstacles in determining the reading of the frequency value. The study proposes a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to overcome the existing obstacles in analyzing the non-periodic signal. It can minimize the noise in the cable vibration data recording, making it easier to determine the frequency value of the cable structure, especially at the first vibration mode. In minimizing noises, the use of a scale factor of = 0.1 becomes the most effective value with the highest Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) value and the smallest Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). Other results obtained are Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) in the range of 2 - 5 dB, the type of noise in the cable structure is white noise and, the ratio of the standard deviation of noise (s) to the amplitude (A) of recorded cable structure data with a range of 1 - 3.5.
Fokus på form - made in Denmark
Authors: Jensen Eva Dam
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Présent! Présente!
Authors: Møller Catherine Jeanneret
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Æstetikken marginaliseret?
Authors: Schmenk Barbara , Risager Karen
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Vurdering af it-materialer
Authors: Bo-Kristensen Mads
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Gymnasiereformen
Authors: Bjargum Nanna
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Sprogpolitik er “det muliges kunst”? Om engelsk i uddannelse og forskning
Authors: Preisler Bent
Published: October 2022

Der var engang en dansk politiker der sagde at “Politik er det muliges kunst”. Efter i nogle år at have deltaget i den sprogpolitiske debat, er jeg på visse områder kommet i tvivl om sprogpolitik og “det mulige” overhovedet har noget med hinanden at gøre!
Latin og engelsk som akademiske lingua francaer
Authors: Bull Tove
Published: October 2022

Sprogvalg i den akademiske verden er ideologiske valg. Valg af undervisnings- og forskningssprog, engelsk eller modersmål, må forklares og forstås ud fra den sam- fundskontekst universitetet indgår i og den selvforståelse det har.

I den almindelige debat om den voksende brug af engelsk i akademiske sammen- hænge (i akademia) er det først og fremmest det sprogpolitiske og sociolingvistiske perspektiv der har været fremme. Den universitetspolitiske og universitetssociologiske synsvinkel har derimod været temmelig fraværende. Min fremstilling i det følgende vil derfor lægge vægt på det universitetspolitiske og det historisk-sociologiske. (...)
Sprog og køn i politik
Authors: Gomrad Kirsten
Published: October 2022

I 2004 udkom Ulrikke Moustgaards rapport: Håndtasken, heksen og de blåøjede blondiner. Danske kvindelige politikere ifølge pressen – og dem selv. Det fremgår bl.a. af hendes analyser, at pressen først og fremmest fremstiller kvindelige politikere som køn og ofte som ’forkerte’: De er enten for meget kvinde og for lidt politiker eller for meget politiker og for lidt kvinde. Eller hvis de i pressens optik balancerer på en troværdig måde mellem kvindelighed og politik, er fokus i høj grad på, hvordan de skaber denne balance, f.eks. hvordan de håndterer deres relationer til mand og børn samtidig med politikerrollen. Mandlige politikere kan derimod have nok så mange børn, uden at det berøres i pressens fremstilling af dem. (...)
AP på godt og ondt
Authors: Geist Hanne
Published: October 2022

Almen Sprogforståelse, AP, er en nyskabelse af en helt speciel art. Det er ambitiøst tænkt: et lille lingvistikum. For faktisk omfatter AP stort set samtlige lingvistiske niveauer. (...)
Internetbaseret materiale i fremmedsprogsundervisningen – nye udfordringer for læreren
Authors: Meyer Bente
Published: October 2022

De nye medier har øget vores muligheder for uformel kontakt med fremmedsprog. Det er oplagt, at engelsk her indtager en førerposition, men kontakten med andre sprog, der er relevante for skolen, er også blevet større. Dette skyldes ikke mindst, at store mængder sprogligt materiale i autentiske formater ligger tilgængelige på inter- nettet, materiale som eleverne støder på, når de anvender medierne i deres fritid, eller når de bruger computeren i skolen. Internetbaseret materiale fungerer i denne forstand i stigende grad som et supplement eller et reelt alternativ til det eksisterende lærebogsmateriale i sprogundervisningen.
Mingoville.dk
Authors: Johannesen Jens
Published: October 2022

Da jeg gik i gymnasiet i slutningen af 1980’erne, hørte vi af og til “ægte levende fransk” i franskundervisningen. Med “ægte levende fransk” mentes fransk, der var optaget og indspillet af franskmænd, og som bagefter blev afspillet for os gymna- siaster på en kassettebåndoptager af tvivlsom kvalitet. Efterfølgende skulle vi så prøve at få egen udtale og intonation til at lyde som det, vi netop havde hørt. Og ud fra det udtryk min fransklærer oftest fik i ansigtet, når vi forsøgte at lyde som ind- fødte franskmænd, tror jeg meget sjældent, at det lykkedes. (...)
Interkulturell kommunikativ kompetanse – en vitenskapsfilosofisk tilnærming
Authors: Mørkeset Åse
Published: October 2022

Mål og metoder i fremmedspråkopplæringa har gjennomgått store endringer de siste tiår, både i skoleverket og innenfor høgre utdanning. Etterkrigstidas fremmed- språkundervisning med eksakte krav til formalia, og med “native speaker” som mønster og ideal, kunne på 50- og 60-tallet trygt betegnes teoriundervisning. Opp- læringa sprang ut av strukturalistiske språkteorier og generativ grammatikk. På 60- tallet skjedde en endring i fremmedspråkdidaktikken, idet begrepet “kommunika- tiv kompetanse” ble innført. Fokus dreide noe, fra ren formalia, der korrekte skrift- lige formuleringer ble premiert, til vektlegging av og trening i de 4 ferdigheter (høre, snakke, lese, skrive). (...)
Den 9. Nordiske Konference om Udvikling af Elevautonomi
Authors: Dam Leni
Published: October 2022

Videncenter for Undervisning & Læring ved CVU København & Nordsjælland var i dagene 31. august – 2. september 2006 vært for den 9. konference i rækken af konferencer om elevautonomi: “9th Nordic Conference on Developing Learner Autonomy in Language Learning and Teaching – Status and ways ahead after twenty years”. (...)
Demokratisk dannelse til aktivt interkulturelt medborgerskab
Authors: Haas Claus , Madsen Katrine Dahl , Meyer Bente , Rørbech Helle
Published: October 2022

ndholdssiden i fremmedsprogsfagene har længe været fokuseret på den kulturelle dimension, på kultur og samfundsforhold i mållandene, på kulturforståelse og på at give eleverne mulighed for at erhverve sig interkulturelle kompetencer bl.a. igen- nem refleksion over egne kulturer i mødet med mållandenes. På baggrund af et europæisk forskningsprojekt, INTERACT, vil vi i denne artikel præsentere nogle refleksioner over, hvordan interkulturel læring og uddannelse til demokratisk med- borgerskab tænkes i en europæisk og i en dansk uddannelseskontekst, og hvordan de to perspektiver eventuelt kan forenes. (...)
Når følelser bliver afgørende – sprogtestning i samtaler om dansk statsborgerskab
Authors: Fogtmann Christina
Published: October 2022

I Danmark stiller vi en række krav til ansøgere der ønsker at opnå dansk statsbor- gerskab. Et af de krav vi stiller, er et sprogkrav. Indtil år 2002 var det politiet der skulle afgøre om en ansøger opfyldte det gældende sprogkrav. Sprogkravet havde i 2002 følgende ordlyd: (...)
2000ff – nye udfordringer i dansk som andetsprog
Authors: Lund Karen
Published: October 2022

Denne artikel fokuserer på de nye dagsordener som sættes for undervisningen i dansk som andetsprog efter årtusindskiftet. På voksenområdet er der i 2003 trådt en ny danskuddannelseslov i kraft, og inden for børne- og ungdomsområdet er der tiltag til en begyndende uddannelsesmæssig professionalisering. (...)
Sprogpolitisk klimaks
Authors: Nielsen Jørgen Christian Wind
Published: October 2022

Torsdag den 2. oktober 2008 havde sproginteressenterne sat hinanden stævne i Den Sorte Diamant, Blixen-salen på Det Kongelige Bibliotek. Oplægget til stævnet var en drøftelse af rapporten “Sprog til tiden” fra foråret 2008, udarbejdet af Sprogud- valget på vegne af Kulturministeriet. (...)
Modersmålet: en ressource for de privilegerede
Authors: Holmen Anne , Kristjánsdóttir Bergthóra , Pedersen Michael Svendsen
Published: October 2022

På Undervisningsministeriets hjemmeside finder man en vejledning med overskrif- ten: “Undervisning i dansk af danske børn bosat i udlandet”1. I denne vejledning står der: “Og netop modersmålet [dansk] er fundamentet for tilegnelsen af andre sprog”. (...)
Elevers hjemmesprog: Ven eller fjende?
Authors: Chow Patricia , Khan Zarina , Sastri Padma , Shirashi Alison , Leoni Lisa , Cohen Sarah , Cummins Jim
Published: October 2022

Kulturel og sproglig mangfoldighed er blevet det normale i skoler i større byer i Nordamerika, Europa og Australien. For eksempel har mere end 50 % af eleverne i Toronto og Vancouver en ikke-engelsktalende baggrund, og i andre større canadi- ske byer findes der også store grupper elever der repræsenterer en kulturel og sprog- lig forskellighed. (...)
Vilket undervisningsspråk favoriserar vilka elever?
Authors: Hyltenstam Kenneth
Published: October 2022

Ju starkare ett språk är politiskt, desto mer gynnade är det språkets talare. Utan tve- kan är engelska det globalt starkaste språket idag. Bland alla de fördelar personer med engelska som modersmål har är gynnsamma utbildningsvillkor ett exempel: Om man har engelska som modersmål får man nämligen nästan alltid hela sin grundläggande skolgång och vidare utbildning på sitt eget språk. (...)
Tal og forældre der taler
Authors: Timm Lene
Published: October 2022

I 2002 afskaffede regeringen statsstøtten til undervisning i minoritetsmodersmål til langt størstedelen af de tosprogede elever. Kun gruppen af børn af EU/EØS-borgere samt børn fra Grønland og Færøerne forpligter staten sig fortsat til at støtte i udviklingen af tosprogethed. (...)
At skrive kinesisk – mere end blot et penselstrøg?
Authors: Kirkebæk Mads
Published: October 2022

Formålet med artiklen er at give en kort introduktion til det kinesiske skriftsystem og de udfordringer, danske studerende står over for, når de skal i gang med at skrive kinesisk. (...)
Om portfolio i tyskundervisningen
Authors: Kring Anne Bonnie
Published: October 2022

Hvad er en portfolio? (...)
Engelsk på gymnasiet
Authors: Jørgensen Susanne
Published: October 2022

Engelskfaget på gymnasieniveau er et populært fag blandt eleverne. Rigtig mange elever vælger engelsk på A-niveau, enten i deres studieretning over tre år eller som et etårigt valgfag i 3.g. Det obligatoriske B-niveau er også et vellidt fag blandt eleverne – det er der ikke noget nyt i. (...)
Sprogfagene på RUC
Authors: Risager Karen , Jakobsen Karen Sonne
Published: October 2022

Karakteristisk for det fremmedsproglige miljø på RUC er at det altid har været sam- let under det samme institut. Det har betydet en meget stærk tværsproglig identitet, som har givet sig mange udslag både på det uddannelsesmæssige og det forsknings- mæssige område. (...)
Nyt netværk skal styrke sproglig og interkulturel kompetenceudvikling ved universiteterne
Authors: Cozart Stacey
Published: October 2022

I februar 2009 samledes repræsentanter fra sprogcentre og lignende enheder ved flere universiteter i Danmark og besluttede at danne et netværk for undervisere, forskere og andre interesserede, der arbejder med sproglig og interkulturel kompe- tenceudvikling blandt ansatte og studerende. Netværket blev døbt “Universiteter- nes netværk for sprog og internationalisering” og tæller nu 28 medlemmer fra syv af landets universiteter. [...]
Sproghistorie i en større kontekst
Authors: Hansen Bjarne Simmelkærr Sandgaard
Published: October 2022

Sproghistorie! Er det ikke sådan noget nørdet stads med kedelige, støvede bøger skrevne i en sirlig, men alligevel ulæselig håndskrift? Noget, som ingen i den virke- lige verden kan bruge til noget som helst? Sidder en sproghistoriker ikke bare luk- ket inde på sit kontor eller i sit bibliotek hele dagen lang og mangler enhver form for kontakt med omverdenen? (...)
Input – output – interaktion
Authors: Haastrup Kirsten , Svendsen Pedersen Michael
Published: October 2022

Det er eleven der tilegner sig et sprog, og det er derfor vigtigere atfokusere på hvad han/hun kan få ud af forskellige typer aktiviteter i klasseværelset...
Multietnolekt da capo
Authors: Quist Pia
Published: October 2022

I 1998 opsøgte jeg et gymnasium og to ungdomsklubber i København for at undersøge om der kunne registreres nye talesprogsvarieteter blandt unge i sprogligt...
Demokratisk dannelse til aktivt interkulturelt medborgerskab
Authors: Haas Claus , Madsen Katrine Dahl , Meyer Bente , Rørbech Helle
Published: October 2022

Indholdssiden i fremmedsprogsfagene har længe været fokuseretpå den kulturelle...
Sprogvalg på danske universiteter i historisk perspektiv
Authors: Mortensen Janus , Haberland Løhartmut
Published: October 2022

Spaniere taler spansk, svenskere svensk, og i Danmark taler vi dansk. Sådan er det, og sådan har det altid været.
Fra sproglig mangfoldighed til undervisning på engelsk
Authors: Lauridsen Karen Margrethe
Published: October 2022

Internationaliseringen af de danske universiteter i det 21. århundrede
Flersprogethed i limbo
Authors: Daryai-Hansen Petra
Published: October 2022

Sidste år tog jeg til Graz for at deltage i et møde i European Centre for Modern Languages / Centre Européen pour les Langues Vivantes (ecml).Centret blev grundlagt i 1995 af...
Certificering af universitetsunderviseres engelsksproglige kompetencer
Authors: Kling Joyce , Stæhr Lars Stenius
Published: October 2022

Overgangen fra dansk til engelsk som undervisningssprog på mangeuddannelser...
Kronikken - Ja tak til bæredygtig sprogudvikling
Authors: Kristjánsdóttir Bergthóra
Published: October 2022

I denne kronik vil jeg diskutere, hvorfor det er relevant at tænkesprog og sprogkompetence i lyset [...]
Sprogskyen
Authors: Hvidtfeldt Susanne
Published: October 2022

– om cloud-baseret undervisning,web 2.0 og connectivismen som muligny læringsteori
Et multilingvistisk paradoks blandt globaliserede elever
Authors: Karlström Cecilia , Lezebnik Wlisabeth
Published: October 2022

Herlufsholm SkoleHerlufsholm Skole og Gods er en skole med en lang og spændendehistorie. Herluf Trolle og Birgitte Gøye etablerede [...]
Globale muslimske netværk og internettet
Authors: Østergaard Kate
Published: October 2022

Islam på internettet synes at have udviklet sig fra at have væretdomineret af konvertitter og unge muslimer bosat i Vesten medengelsk som hovedsprog til [...]
Interkulturel pædagogik – med arabisk og dansk som eksempel
Authors: Seibert Ditte , Vincents Birla Marie Svendsen
Published: October 2022

På det pædagogiske felt har der længe været en stigende interessefor flerkulturelle problemstillinger [...]
Fra verdensborger til dansker
Authors: Kjærgaard Iben
Published: October 2022

»Hvorfor er det accepteret blandt danskere at blive skilt?« Spørgsmåletkom fra en kursusdeltager på »Kursus i danske [...]
Fagundervisning på fremmedspråk (CLIL): en vei å gå for å styrke fremmedspråkkompetansen?
Authors: LINDEMANN BEATE
Published: October 2022

Hva mener vi med fremmedspråklig fagundervisning (CLIL)?
Det ideelle selv og motivation i andetsprogslæringen
Authors: Kolstrup Kirsten
Published: October 2022

Da 32-årige Mulenga flytter fra Zambia til Danmark for at gifte sigmed sin danske kæreste John, har hun bestemte [...]
Flersprogede subjekter på Danskuddannelsen
Authors: Maslo Elina
Published: October 2022

En læringshistoriePauls computer står åben; af og til skal han [...]
Dansk tornerosesøvn
Authors: Phillipson Robert
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Om stereotyper, især nationale
Authors: List Pia
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Dansk som andetsprog er også dansk kultur
Authors: Kristjánsdóttir Bergthóra S.
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Europa i undervisningen
Authors: Heidemann Tove
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
En anden måde at gøre det på
Authors: Ohrt Ulla Pia
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.
Letland finder sine sprog
Authors: Gjaldbæk Kirsten , Jonas Kurt
Published: October 2022

Se kort indholdsbeskrivelse i nummerets forord.