bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THREE DIMENSIONAL ASSESSMENT OF MOVEMENT OF SKELETALLY ANCHORED MOLARS DURING LEVELING AND ALIGNMENT STAGE OF FIXED ORTHODONTIC MECHANOTHERAPY
Authors: Mondal Samit , Mukherjee Kasturi , Banerjee Manas
Published: May 2021

Introduction- Alignment and leveling has been dene as “The tooth movement needed to achieve passive engagement of a plain arch wire of
0.019x0.025 dimension having standard arch form in to a correctly placed 0.022˝ bracket system.''Anchorage is an important consideration in the
alignment and leveling stage of orthodontic treatment. Loss of anchorage during this stage is to be considered in the three planes of space. Aims and
objectives - Three dimensional assessment of the position of skeletally anchored rst molar teeth and three dimensional assessment of the position
of rst molar teeth anchored with conventional trans palatal arch using lateral cephalogram and study models, at the end of leveling and alignment
stage of xed orthodontic mechanotherapy and its comparison with pretreatment position.Utimately to nd out by comparing the above
measurements whether skeletally anchored molars offer more anchorage than molars anchored with conventional transpalatal arches. Materials
and methods- These 30 patients were asked to participate in this study out of which 20 consented. All pre-treatment(T ) patient records were made: o
study models, standard lateral cephalograms (Satlec – Pano D), extra oral and intra oral photograph. Miniscrew anchored transpalatalarch
(MATPA) was placed in 12 patients(group I) and conventional transpalatal arch in 8 patients (group II). 0.022” stainless steel M.B.T. prescription
brackets and tubes ( Nu- Edge, TP Orthodontics) were used and treatment mechanics described by Mc. Laughin, Bennet and Trevisi were followed
in all patients. Result - This study attempted a 3-dimensional assessment of molar movement during alignment and leveling stage. The mini screw
anchored trans palatal arch (MATPA) was found to offered better anchorage than the conventional trans palatal arch (TPA) .In the sagittal plane
angular and linear measurements were found to have signicantly changed after leveling and alignment for conventional TPA group whereas no
signicant difference were found in MATPA group. In the vertical plane, the perpendicular distance of the mesiobuccal cusp tip to the platal plane
was found to be signicantly changed in conventional TPA group whereas no signicant change was measured in MATPA group. ConclusionMiniscrew anchored trans palatal arch offered better anchorage control of maxillary rst molar teeth in sagittal, vertical and transverse plane,
during the leveling & alignment stage of xed orthodontic mechanotherapy, when compared with conventional trans palatal arch.
ASSESSMENT OF WHOQOL BREF DOMAINS AND ANTIHYPERTENSIVES PRESCRIPTION PATTERN IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Moulika Peddoju , Vinay Deveraneni , saichandra Raparthi , Saidhulu Ganta , Ram Pranith
Published: May 2021

Background: ESRD is considered as an important cause of mortality worldwide. Patients with CKD on Hemodialysis treatment is very complex
requires additional importance in prescribing antihypertensives and also patients on Hemodialysis have effects on functional state and quality of
life (QOL). Objectives: The study aimed to assess prescribing pattern of antihypertensives and to demonstrate QOL in different domains of
patients with ESRD underdoing hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: Study comprised of 85 patients with ESRD under hemodialysis
conducted in multi-speciality hospital between September 2019 to February 2020.The data was collected from the records and by interviewing
patients. Results: The mean age of the study population was 54.76±14.32, 72% were males, hypertension is the common cause of ESRD. Calcium
channel blockers are the most commonly prescribed drugs followed by alpha blockers, diuretics, beta blockers, vasodilators etc. Comparing the
four domains of ESRD patients, environmental domain was the highest with a mean score of 64.56±19.86while the physical health domain was the
lowest with a mean score of55.6±12.60. Conclusion: Calcium channel blockers and alpha blockers are most commonly prescribed
antihypertensives. The four domains were signicantly and positively interrelated with moderate to strong relationships
INCIDENCE OF CATARACT IN DERMATOLOGICAL PATIENTS USING STEROID CREAMS
Authors: Kumar (Lt Col) Rajnish , Sekhar Reddy (Lt Col) Vaka Raja , Kumar Singh (Lt Col) Sumit , jana Debarshi
Published: May 2021

Background/ Context: Corticosteroids, despite being a very effective line of treatment for various disorders is known to have a wide range of
adverse effects. The use of systemic and topical steroids has been associated with cataract formation, however the ophthalmic side effects of
application of steroid on skin away from the face has not been studied in depth. With increasing use of corticosteroids as rst line of therapy in
treatment of various dermatological conditions, the ocular side effects, if any, of these preparations, cannot be overlooked. Aim: To study the
incidence of cataract in patients using skin preparations of corticosteroids away from the face and also to correlate the dose and duration of steroid
therapy to incidence of cataract. Materials & Methods: 50 patients with dermatological disorders who were being treated with dermatological
steroids, on sites other than the face and periorbital region, for a period of more than six months consisted of the study group. The study group
consisted of patients in the age group of 20 – 60 years. The study was conducted over a period of two years at a tertiary care hospital. Visual acuity,
Slit lamp biomicroscopy, applanation tonometryand detailed fundus examination using 90D lens were carried out. Results: The incidence of
cataract was signicantly higher in patients using dermatological steroids away from the face. Prolonged duration of use of these steroids also
indicated a signicantly higher incidence of cataract. However, a larger population based study needs to be carried out to study the relationship
between potency of steroid and incidence of cataract, although preliminary studies indicate a denite correlation between the two. Conclusions:
Despite, steroids being used away from the face, there was a denite increase in the incidence of cataract. Before coming to any rm conclusions it
would be advisable to reproduce the study in a larger population. However from the present pilot study it is prudent to advocate judicious use of
innocuous looking steroid creams as they can cause signicant adverse effects
CLINICO HEMATOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH PANCYTOPENIA- A THREE-YEAR STUDY
Authors: Devdhar Sarita , Kishore Manjari , Sharma Pallavi , Aggarwal Roopak
Published: May 2021

Background: Pancytopenia is a relatively common hematological entity. It may result from relatively benign causes such as viral infections and
vitamin B12/folic acid deciency to more fatal bone marrow aplasia and leukaemias. The severity of pancytopenia and the underlying pathology
determine the management and prognosis.
Objectives: To study the etiology and clinic-hematological prole in patients of peripheral blood pancytopenia.
Materials And Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at G S Medical College, Hapur and Noida international institute of Medical
Sciences Greater Noida, during the period of November 2017 to November 2020
Results: A total of 192 patients (103 males and 89 females) were diagnosed to have pancytopenia. Most of the patients presented with generalized
weakness and fever. The commonest physical nding was pallor, followed by splenomegaly. The various causes of pancytopenia included
infections(n=132), megaloblastic anaemia (MA)(n=46), drugs, aplastic anaemia and subleukaemic leukaemia. We found a signicant association
between megaloblastic anaemia and pancytopenia.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that infection and megaloblastic anaemia are the most common cause of pancytopenia. The more serious
disorders affecting the bone marrow constitute only <5% of all cases of pancytopenia.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF INJECTABLE-PLATELET RICH FIBRIN AND HYALURONIC ACID INJECTIONS IN THE TREATMENT OF GINGIVAL BLACK TRIANGLES.
Authors: Trivedi Ashima , Mishra Rohit , Chandrashekar K.T. , Choudhary Anushree , Jaiswal Chirag S , Tiwari Garima
Published: May 2021

Introduction : Gingival black triangles are cosmetic deformities which occur due to loss or absence of interdental papilla, so reconstruction of
interdental papilla have always been a challenging task in esthetic dentistry. This study aims to compare injectable platelet rich brin and
hyaluronic acid injections in the treatment of gingival black triangles.
Material and Methods : 40 sites were divided into two groups ; Group A and Group B. In Group A, Injectable platelet rich brin was deposited
whereas in Group B hyaluronic acid injections were deposited. All the sites were examined for gingival index, plaque index, Papillae presence
index and Black triangle area at baseline, 1 month and 3 months follow up.
Results : On statistical analysis of the recorded data, results revealed statistical signicant difference in both the groups in Papillae presence index
and Black triangle area from baseline to 1 month and 3 months follow up.
Conclusion : Injectable Platelet rich brin can be a viable alternative to hyaluronic acid injections in the treatment of gingival black triangles.
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF TUMOURS AND TUMOUR LIKE LESIONS OF KIDNEY AND RENAL PELVIS
Authors: A. Momin Yasmin . , Gosavi Alka V. , Chole Usha , G Yadav Apurva
Published: May 2021

Background : Tumour and tumour like lesions of kidney and renal pelvis include a wide spectrum of entities. Renal neoplasms occurs both in
adults and in children, with few rare tumours and account for 1% to 2% of all body cancers. Majority of which are RCC. Tumour and tumour like
lesions of kidney and renal pelvis may present with nonspecic clinical manifestations, incidental ndings on radiology or at autopsy, may present
with the classical triad of ank pain, haematuria and abdominal mass or can be asymptomatic. Hence histopathological examination is essential for
the diagnosis of renal neoplasms.
Material and method : It is retrospective study (July 2003 to June 2013) for a period of 10 years. Histopathological features of 38 tumours and
tumour like lesions of the kidney and renal pelvis were analysed.Out of 38 cases, 27 were nephrectomy specimens and 11 were renal biopsies The
histopathological reports and clinical details were collected and corresponding slides were reviewed. Tumours are classied according to WHO
classication 2016.
Results: The present study included 38 cases of tumour and tumour like lesions of kidney and renal pelvis. Histopathological evaluation revealed
malignant neoplasms in 27 (71.05%) cases, benign neoplasm in 5 (13.15%) cases and tumour like lesions in 6 (15.79%) cases.Among malignant
tumours, clear cell RCC was the most frequent tumour in our study observed in 13 (86.67%) cases. Overall higher numbers of tumours and tumourth th like lesions of kidney and renal pelvis were seen in the rst decade of life followed by 4 to 5 decade of life in our study with a male predominance
having M:F ratio of 1.23:1.
Conclusion: Malignant tumours outnumbered the benign tumours. Most of the malignant, benign and tumour like lesions present with similar
clinical features hence histopathology remains the gold standard method.
A STUDY TO EVALUATE THE ROLE OF HIGH SENSITIVITY C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT IN THE DARBHANGA MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL
Authors: Kumar Tiwari Amit , Chandra Jha Umesh , Jana Debarshi
Published: May 2021

INTRODUCTION:Cerebrovascular accident (commonly called stroke) is dened as an abrupt onset of a neurologic decit that is attributable to a
focal vascular cause. Thus, the diagnosis of stroke is clinical and laboratory studies including brain imaging are used to support the diagnosis
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the serum levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in different types of cerebrovascular
accidents on admission.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was an institution based cross-sectional study designed to investigate the association of hs-CRP
levels with stroke and its types in Indian patients. The study was done in the Department of Medicine, Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital,
Laheriasarai, Bihar from march 2019 to March 2020. 50 patients of either sex above 12 years of age admitted in Medicine Department of DMCH,
Laheriasarai, Bihar with clinically or radiologically diagnosed stroke.
RESULT: The mean level of hsCRP (mean ± s.d.) of the cases in our study was 7.65±7.01 with range 1.4 – 26 and the median was 3.7 and 58% of
the cases were having level of hsCRP≥3 (p=0.023).Mean level of hsCRPof cases was signicantly higher than that of control (t98=7.25;p=0.001).
CONCLUSION:We concluded that hs-CRPlevel is increased in cases of cerebrovascular accident- ischemic as well as haemorrhagic, suggesting
an inammatory response in acute cerebrovascular accident. hs-CRP level is increased in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular accident
dramatically but not in haemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident which might be considered as useful adjunct method for determining type of stroke
in patients with cerebrovascular problems.
PREGNANCY OUTCOME IN ECLAMPSIA INFLUENCED BY THE MODE OF DELIVERY
Authors: Phadtare Pooja , Deshpande Sonali , Gadappa Shrinivas , Badgire Swati , Jha Nisha , Aaglawe Shreya P , Sholapure Apoorva Somshekhar
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: To study the association between mode of delivery and maternal and perinatal outcome in eclampsia. METHODS: This was a
tertiary care based prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, between the study period October
2018-September 2020.Atotal 165 cases of eclampsia, with >32 weeks gestation, reassuring foetal heart and no other complications were included
in the study. They were divided into two groups; Group I undergoing planned vaginal delivery, Group II undergoing early caesarean delivery,
maternal and perinatal outcome was analysed and compared between the two groups. RESULT: Maximum number 75 (45.45%) of the study
participants were in between 37.1-40 weeks of gestation at the time of admission, Majority of the study participants 125 (75.76%) had an
unfavorable cervix i.e., Bishop's score ≤5 on initial assessment at the time of admission. There was no maternal mortality in our study. There was no
statistically signicant difference in maternal morbidity. The still births and perinatal deaths were seen to be higher in the planned vaginal delivery
group (1 still birth and 3 perinatal deaths). Perinatal morbidity was affected by mode of delivery of delivery, gestational age, BISHOP's score,
number of convulsions at time of induction and convulsion delivery interval. CONCLUSIONS:The maternal outcome was seen to be comparable
between both the groups and there was no statistically signicant difference between them, the perinatal outcome was better in the early caesarean
delivery group as compared to the planned vaginal delivery group, specically in those with an unfavorable cervix and away from term. Early
caesarean section to expedite delivery cannot be recommended for all cases of ante partum eclampsia.
A STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN BLEEDING PEPTIC ULCER USING RAPID UREASE TEST
Authors: M N Lokesh , K N Anil Kumar , M Madan
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the leading cause of peptic ulcer disease in India. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment is
required for the eradication of H. pylori infection and prevention of its associated complications. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to
evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients presenting with bleeding peptic ulcer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is
prospective study conducted from January 2019 till January 2021 in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer admitted at BGS Global Institute of
Medical Sciences. All the patients under went endoscopy and biopsy was taken from Antral region for Rapid Urease Test. RESULT: 164 patients
were included in the study with duodenal ulcer bleeding in 129 (78.6%) patients, gastric ulcer in 30 (18.3%) patients and both gastric and duodenal
ulcer in 5 (3.1%) patients. Positivity for RUT was seen in 147 patients (89.6%). CONCLUSION: Early intervention in the patients with peptic
ulcer disease in the form of endoscopic biopsy will help in prevention of recurrent bleeding episodes and other associated complications.
AN INDIAN PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF DOCETAXEL THERAPY IN CRPC: CAN PRETREATMENT FACTORS PREDICT THE RESPONSE
Authors: Kaushal Devashish , Sood Rajeev
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Studies on the effects of chemotherapy in Indian Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) patients are very limited and world
data is inconsistent. The purpose of the present study is to assess the effects of Docetaxel therapy in CRPC in Indian patients in terms of survival
benet, both progression-free survival, and overall survival. This study also analyzes the effects of various factors on the survival of CRPC
patients.
Methodology: This is a single institutional prospective observational study. CRPC patients were treated with Docetaxel and followed till death as
the primary endpoint or till the end of the study. Survivals were calculated with the Kaplan Meier method. Factors affecting survival were analyzed
with univariate and multivariate analysis by log-rank t-test and Cox proportion hazard regression analysis.
Result: Out of enrolled 101 patients, 78 were treated with Docetaxel. A decline in PSA (>50% reduction) was observed in 61.54%. Radiological
response of regression noted in 40 % Nuclear Bone Scan and 19.23% CT/MRI by RECIST criteria. Progression-free survival and overall survival
with Docetaxel (n=78) were 11.8 and 21 months respectively. Hemoglobin less than 11 gm%, Alkaline phosphatase more than 115 IU/dl, PSAmore
than 14 ng/ml, Gleason score more than 7 and duration from diagnosis of carcinoma prostate to CRPC less than 24 months, the number of
chemotherapy cycles less than 6 were all found to be signicantly associated with poor overall survival in univariate analysis while only
Hemoglobin (P=0.0159) showed an independent association with overall survival in multivariate analysis.
Conclusion: Overall and progression-free survival of CRPC patients with Docetaxel is 21 & 11.8 months respectively. Hemoglobin, Alkaline
phosphatase, PSA, Gleason score, Docetaxel cycle, and duration from diagnosis of carcinoma prostate to CRPC were found to be signicantly
associated with poor overall survival.
PROFILE OF PATIENTS IN HOOCH TRAGEDY AND ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS AFFECTING FINAL VISUAL OUTCOME
Authors: Bhatti Anubha , Kaur Prempal , Bala Saroj , Kaur Parminder
Published: May 2021

Acute methanol poisoning is a global crisis. It can be very dangerous by causing severe visual dysfunction, metabolic disturbances, permanent neurological dysfunction and even death. In a recent hooch tragedy in suburban area in Punjab, 24 (47 eyes) male patients in age group of 25-65 years presented to us after spurious alcohol intake. The time of presentation after alcohol intake varied between 1-15 days as they were referred after medical treatment for systemic ailments at other centers. The amount of alcohol intake in all these patients ranged between 125ml-500ml. At presentation, 19 (40.4%) eyes were PL-VE while 16 (34%) were PL+VE or HMCF, 5 (10.6%) had vision between 6/60-FCCF and 7(14.9%) between 6/6 -6/36. 11(23.4%) eyes showed improvement in visual acuity at 6 weeks of treatment and 6 (12.7%) eyes deteriorated even after the treatment. The nal visual outcome was correlated with age, day of presentation, amount of alcohol and initial visual acuity. In this study, we describe prole of patients who presented with a history of spurious alcohol consumption and assessment of risk factors affecting their nal visual outcome.
FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF DISTAL HUMERUS FRACTURE BY PARATRICEPITAL TWO WINDOW APPROACH
Authors: Singh Chhatrapal , Bajoria R.S. , ambedkar Arvind , Alawa Sourabh
Published: May 2021

Background-Most of distal humerus fractures are dealt with olecranon osteotomy approach which stand as cumbersome process resulting in
excessive soft tissue damage and excess hardware interposition. Alternate paratricepital two window approach has been advocated by many
authors as better approach to deal with AO type A, B, and C1 type distal humerus fractures.
AIM -To evaluate functional outcome of distal humerus fracture xation through paratricepital two window approach
Materials & Methods – A complete of 30 patients of closed fracture distal humerus fracture underwent open fracture xation through
paratricepital approach. Average age of patient was 35yr .Regular follow up and physiotherapy sessions were carried out. Average period of follow
up was 12 month.
Results – Out of 30 patients 28 were nally followed up till 1 year, one patient died in between while another one undergoes implant removal due to
infection. From 28, 20 patients has excellent functional outcome, 3 has good, 4 has fair outcome and one patient has poor results in terms of MEPS
and DASH score.
Conclusion – Based on present study and data analysis we conclude that distal humerus fracture treated through paratricepital two window
approach results in excellent functional outcome which is evident from ability to early start various day to day to day activities like performing
st nd personal hygiene, combing hairs ,putting shirt- shoes themselves and starts eating themselves by 1 or 2 week of surgery .Unlike traditional
approach like Olecranon osteotomy , it maintains adequate Tricep extensor mechanism ,does minimal soft tissue damage ,minimal post op pain
,promote early wound healing and avoid excessive hardware transposition
DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF DEATHS DUE TO POISONING IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN MEWAT
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Yadav Kapil , Sandeep Dara , Sharma Sahil
Published: May 2021

According to World Health Organization, (WHO) poisoning occurs when people drink, eat, breathe, inject, or touch enough of a hazardous
substance (poison) to cause illness or death. Deaths due to poisoning are most common and carry high rates of mortality and morbidity. The
situation is the same all over the world involving individuals of all age groups, sex and all economic and ethnic groups. Poisoning deaths can be
accidental or suicidal in manner. As the number of deaths by poisoning keeps on increasing day by day, this study was conducted to know the
sociodemographic prole of such poisoning deaths which may help to implement strategies to reduce the burden of poisoning deaths in the society.
COMPARISON OF CORONAL MICROLEAKAGE OF CAST POST AND CORE, CEMENTED WITH CONVENTIONAL GLASS IONOMER CEMENT AND GLASS IONOMER CEMENT INCORPORATED WITH NANO-HYDROXYAPATITE PARTICLES: AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors: Agrawal Pragati , M Nalinakshamma , Kumar G.P Surendra
Published: May 2021

Statement of Problem: Microleakage is one of the major factors that determine the longevity of xed restoration. The type of luting agent used for
cementation of post plays an important role in preventing bacterial microleakage.
Purpose: To evaluate coronal microleakage of teeth restored with cast post and core cemented with conventional glass ionomer cement and nanohydroxyapatite incorporated glass ionomer cement.
Materials and Method: 30 extracted single canal premolars were selected and endodontically treated by step-back technique, followed by
obturation with gutta percha using zinc oxide eugenol sealer. Post space was prepared leaving 4mm of apical gutta percha and direct acrylic resin
pattern of the root canal was made along with a core, with the help of pinjet system. This was then casted using cobalt-chromium alloy.
The specimens were divided into 2 groups in which castings will be cemented using:
Group 1, Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement;
Group 2, Nano Hydroxyapatite incorporated Glass Ionomer Cement (6 wt%)
Cemented teeth were stored in distilled water for 7 days and then immersed in silver nitrate dye for 6 hours followed by photochemical developing
solution for 12 hours and nally sectioned into two halves mesiodistally. The degree of linear dye penetration into the coronal part of the specimens
at dentin/cement interface was measured using a stereomicroscope at 20x magnication.
Result: Coronal microleakage of cast post and core at tooth-cement interface, cemented with glass ionomer cement incorporated with 6% by
weight of 80-100nm nano-hydroxyapatite particles and conventional glass ionomer cement were statistically signicant different with p = 0.015 by
independent t test. The mean ± SD of conventional GIC was 2.47±0.74 and for nano-hydroxyapatite incorporated GIC was 1.73±0.80.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it is concluded that the coronal microleakage of cast post and core at tooth-cement interface,
cemented with glass ionomer cement incorporated with 6% by weight of 80-100nm nano-hydroxyapatite particles is less than that of conventional
glass ionomer cement
TUBERCULOUS APPENDIX: A REVIEW OF CLINICAL PRESENTATIONS AND OUTCOMES
Authors: Zubair Md. Quamar , Suman A. K. Jha
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Tuberculous appendix is surprisingly rare, even in countries where this infection is common. We report our experience with
tuberculous appendix over a 3-year period.
Noise Covariance Estimation in Adaptive Kalman Filtering via sequential Mini-batch Stochastic Gradient Descent Algorithms
Authors: Kim Hee-Seung , Zhang Lingyi , Bienkowski Adam , Pattipati Krishna
Published: May 2021

Estimation of unknown noise covariances in a Kalman filter is a
problem of significant practical interest in a wide array of applications.
Although this problem has a long history, reliable algorithms for their
estimation were scant, and necessary and sufficient conditions for
identifiability of the covariances were in dispute until recently. Necessary and sufficient conditions for covariance estimation and a batch estimation
algorithm. This paper presents stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithms for
noise covariance estimation in adaptive Kalman filters that are an order of
magnitude faster than the batch method for similar or better root mean square
error (RMSE) and are applicable to non-stationary systems where the noise covariances
can occasionally jump up or down by an unknown magnitude. The computational
efficiency of the new algorithm stems from adaptive thresholds for convergence,
recursive fading memory estimation of the sample cross-correlations of the
innovations, and accelerated SGD algorithms. The comparative evaluation of the
proposed method on a number of test cases demonstrates its computational
efficiency and accuracy.
High Sensitivity and Full-circle Optical Rotary Sensor for Non-cooperatively Tracing Wrist Tremor with Nanoradian Resolution
Authors: Xu Xin , Dai Zongren , Wang Yifan , Li Mingfang , Tan Yidong
Published: May 2021

In this paper, a novel optical rotary sensor based on laser
self-mixing interferometry is developed for the full-circle rotation
measurement. The proposed sensor is convenient to use for it does not need any
contact with the target or a cooperative mirror. A prototype is fabricated and
tested. The measured results demonstrate a good performance compared with other
optical rotary sensors, in terms of the 0.1 μrad resolution, the 2.33×10-4
linearity and 2 μrad stability over one hour. Additionally, the repeatability
error is below 14.66 mrad under 9-group full-circle tests, which exhibits the
potential to be instrumentalized reliably. Error analysis and limitation
discussion have been also carried out. Although the accuracy needs further
improvement compared with the best rotary sensor, this method has its unique
advantages of high resolution, non-cooperative target sensing and
electromagnetic immunity. Hence, the proposed optical rotary sensor provides a
promising alternative in precise rotation measurement, tremor tracing and
nano-motion monitoring.

In this paper, a novel optical rotary sensor based on laser
self-mixing interferometry is developed for the full-circle rotation
measurement. The proposed sensor is convenient to use for it does not need any
contact with the target or a cooperative mirror. A prototype is fabricated and
tested. The measured results demonstrate a good performance compared with other
optical rotary sensors, in terms of the 0.1 μrad resolution, the 2.33×10-4
linearity and 2 μrad stability over one hour. Additionally, the repeatability
error is below 14.66 mrad under 9-group full-circle tests, which exhibits the
potential to be instrumentalized reliably. Error analysis and limitation
discussion have been also carried out. Although the accuracy needs further
improvement compared with the best rotary sensor, this method has its unique
advantages of high resolution, non-cooperative target sensing and
electromagnetic immunity. Hence, the proposed optical rotary sensor provides a
promising alternative in precise rotation measurement, tremor tracing and
nano-motion monitoring.
Mathematical economics in the explanation of economic growth in economies with endogenous and exogenous technological change
Authors: Gallardo Pérez Henry de Jesús , Vergel Ortega Mawency
Published: May 2021

Economic growth is a function of the interactions between the different productive factors framed in the economic policy of an economy, in particular, it can be expressed in terms of labour force, productive resources (land, capital) and technology, among others. The present work pretends to approximate a model to explain the economic growth in developing economies, for which a model is proposed that explains this growth in function of the referred factors; then production is proposed in function of capital and work and two models are adjusted, one with exogenous technological change and the other that involves technological change in an endogenous manner. The model is developed with a production function with constant substitution elasticity so that it is applicable to both developed and developing economies, since it is to be expected that in developed economies the substitution elasticity is unitary, which would lead to a Cobb-Douglas-type production function, but it is very probable that in incipient economies the function with constant substitution elasticity better reflects the relationship between production factors and economic growth. The research allows the development of the corresponding mathematical model in each case, the economic and mathematical foundations of each model are presented and validated according to economic theories. The behaviour of variables such as savings, investment, income, consumption, capital and their relationships in each model is analysed.
The Influence of Brand Image, Service Quality and Perceived Value on Brand Loyalty And Brand Equity Toyota Avanza
Authors: Armawan Ivan
Published: May 2021

This type of research is a comparative causal research. This causal cooperative research aims to analyze the influence of the independent variable (independent) on the dependent variable. The study was conducted on Avanza car owners who service at the official Toyota repair shop, namely Auto2000 Balikpapan. The data collection technique used a questionnaire with a sample of 100 people. The research results were analyzed using the Amos application. The results showed that there was an influence of brand image, service quality and perceived value on brand loyalty and equity where the Toyota Avanza was able to provide good service so that the level of sales was increasing every year.
Efektivitas Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa (BLTDD) di Desa Mojoruntut Kecamatan Krembung Kabupatensidoarjo
Authors: Arumdani Nafida , Rahmania Salsabella Nanda , Nafi’ah Zumrotun , Tukiman Tukiman
Published: May 2021

Pandemi covid 19 yang melanda dunia nenyebabkan pemerintah mengeluarkan banyak kebijakan untuk mengatasi penyebaran virus dan menangani dampak yang ditimbulkan. Salah satu kebijakan yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah Indonesia kepada masyarakat yang terdampak covid 19 adalah Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa (BLTDD). Adanya sistem tebang pilih oleh perangkat desa menyebabkan pelaksanaan Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa Di Desa Mojoruntut Kecamatan Krembung Kabupaten Sidoarjo ini ditemukan calon penerima Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa (BLTDD) yang tidak sesuai dengan kriteria yang ditetapkan pemerintah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelaksanaan bantuan langsung tunai dana desa di Desa Mojoruntut yang belom pernah dilakukan oleh para peneliti sebelumnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penellitian ini adalah metode penelitian Kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori efektivitas. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan mengenai efektivitas dari pelaksanaan bantuan langsung tunai dana desa di Desa Mojoruntut
Penurunan Nilai Ekonomi Akibat Penurunan Nilai Kinerja Jaringan Irigasi D.I. Waduk Darma
Authors: Nugroho Dennis Bintang , Anwar Saihul
Published: May 2021

Air merupakan bagian dari sumberdaya alam sekaligus juga sebagai bagian dari ekosistem. Kuantitas dan kualitasnya pada lokasi dan waktu tertentu tergantung dan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai hal, berbagai kepentingan dan berbagai tujuan. Seiring dengan pertumbuhan penduduk, berbagai persoalan yang terkait dengan air atau sumberdaya air telah dan terus berlangsung. Ketersediaan air cenderung menurun namun di lain pihak kebutuhan air semakin meningkat. Dengan kata lain, air yang tersedia di alam yang secara potensial dapat dimanfaatkan manusia sangat terbatas jumlahnya.. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketersediaan air di daerah waduk darma apakah antara debit andalan , debit kebutuhan di Daerah Irigasi Waduk Darma tercukupi di antara lain ke beberapa daerah irigasi dengan melalui Bendung Kuningan/Surakatiga (525 ha), Bendung Cipikul (436 Ha), Bendung Bantarwangi (535 Ha), Bendung Citanggulun (873 Ha), Bendung Ciparigi (295 Ha), sesuai dengan kebutuhannya.Mengetahui Kondisi dan fungsi jaringan dan bangunan irigasi di. DI. Waduk Darma berfungsi baik atau tidak.Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untu mengetahai biaya AKNOP di DI. Waduk Darma.Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk menghitung nilai penurunan ekonomiHasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah. Debit andalan Daerah Irigasi Waduk Darma dari tahun 2004 – 2014 lebih besar dari debit kebutuhan dengan demikian debit kebutuhan dapat terpenuhi.Kondisi jaringan irigasi Daerah Irigasi Waduk Darma dari tahun 2004 – 2014 kurang berfungsi dengan ditunjukan prosentase rata – rata sebesar 54,66 %.Kondisi bangunan Daerah Irigasi Waduk Darma dari tahun 2004 – 2014 berfungsi Sedang  hal tersebut ditunjukan dengan prosentase rata – rata 59,72 %.Dari hasil perhitungan yang telah dilakukan maka didapatkan biaya AKNOP di daerah irigasi Waduk Darma sebesar Rp. 6.032.844.700,00 (enam milyar tiga puluh dua juta delapan ratus empat puluh empat ribu tujuh ratus rupiah). Dari perhitungan analisis ekonomi nilai penurunan produksi padi pada DI. Waduk Darma dari tahun 2004 sampai 2014 di debit maksimum pada MT.1 sebesar 1.573,2 ton, MT.2 sebesar 1.283,4 ton dan MT.3 sebesar 679,8 ton. Di debit Q80 pada MT.1 sebesar 1.770 ton, MT.2 sebesar 4.170 ton dan MT.3 sebesar 3.234 ton. Di debit minimum pada MT.1 sebesar 12.939,6 ton, MT.2 sebesar 11.101,2 ton dan MT.3 sebesar 6.085,2 ton.
Analisis Heurmeunitika Good Governance dalam Layanan Publik Terhadap Perkaban Atr/Bpn Nomor 1 Tahun 2010 Tentang Standart Pelayanan dan Pengaturan Pertanahan
Authors: Fatmawati Dinar Fatmawati
Published: May 2021

Hukum administrasi negara adalah sarana hukum yang disediakan oleh negara untuk menjamin suatu hubungan yang baik antara pemerintahan dengan rakyat. Hukum administrasi meletakkan pemerintahan sebagai subjek hukum, yang memiliki kewenangan dan wewenang tersebut ditujukan untuk melayani rakyat. Dalam kenyataanya tidak menutup kemungkinan adanya kesewenang-wenangan pemerintah di dalam menjalankan wewenangnya tanpa disadari pada saat berhubungan dengan rakyat. Oleh sebab itu untuk menjamin bahwa pemerintah tidak sewenang-wenang di dalam menjalankan wewenang terhadap masyarakat maka diperlukan adanya suatu jaminan terhadap rakyat untuk mendapatkan kepastian hukum demi mewujudkan suatu keadilan. Layanan publik yang memiliki tugas untuk melayani segala kebutuhan masyarakat dalam bidang legalitas membutuhkan segala yang disebut dengan kepastian hukum, baik kepastian hukum dalam hal ketepatan waktu ataupun kepastian hukum dalam hal sebuah produk dari pemerintahan.
Analisis Metode Perhitungan Harga Pokok Produksi pada Home Industri Sepatu Kulit
Authors: Nafisa Lailatun
Published: May 2021

Pada masa sekarang ini Indonesia sedang menghadapi era globalisasi, dimana teknologi sedang berkembang dengan pesat, begitupun perkembangan dengan dunia usaha saat ini sangat pesat. Setiap perusahaan maupun industri rumahan harus mampu bersaing demi bisa tetap bertahan, maka perusahaan harus memiliki daya saing jangka panjang maupun daya saing jangka pendek atas produk-produk yang dihasilkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penentuan harga pokok produksi menggunakan metode variable costing dan metode full costing, menentukan harga jual agar tidak terlalu tinggi dan tidak terlalu rendah, mengetahui apakah konsumen lebih memilih harga ataukah kualitas produk. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengamatan ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode wawancara, dimana subjek / informannya adalah pemilik dan pelanggan, observasi dan dokumentasi pada pemilik toko Three Star’s. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa dengan adanya ke dua metode tersebut maka peneliti dapat menyarankan kepada pemilik dalam menghitung harga pokok produk untuk lebih menggunakan metode variable costing dari pada menggunakan metode full costing, karena dari hasil data bahwa perhitungan harga pokok produksi menggunakan metode variable costing lebih rendah dibanding menggunakan metode full costing. Dan dengan menggunakan variable costing harga jual lebih rendah dibanding dengan metode full costing. Banyak para pelanggan yang lebih mementingkan kualitas produk dibandingkan dengan harga produk, karena dengan kualitas produk yang tinggi maka para pelanggan mendapatkan kepuasan yang lebih. Dari pada mereka membeli dengan harga murah tetapi berkali-kali dan mendapatkan kualitas yang rendah.
The Indonesia-Australia Cooperation In Responding To The Covid-19 Pandemic (2020)
Authors: Mentari Mentari
Published: May 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic began in Wuhan, China in late December 2019 and rapidly spread to all over the world. The COVID-19 caused by SARS-Cov-2 and more than one million people have been affected worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic not only impacts the health sector, but the pandemic triggered to the economic crisis with expansive social effects. Due to the impact of COVID-19, the international cooperation needs to be taken to responding and control the pandemic. Indonesia and Australia as a close neighbour, have worked closely in disaster risk management and currently cooperate to response the COVID-19. This study aims to describe the cooperation between Indonesia and Australia in responding the impacts of COVID-19. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive method. The data collection technique used based on secondary data in the form of literature review (library research) including books, journals, reports, organization’s websites, online articles, and scientific papers that are related to the study. The author uses the concept of cooperation to support the idea of cooperation between Indonesia and Australia to responding the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic. This study provides that the cooperation between Indonesia and Australia in responding the impacts of COVID-19 are divided into three sectors, namely health security, stability, and economic recovery.
EDUCATIONAL EXPENDITURE IN INDIA: AN ANALYSIS OF GOVERNMENT SCHEMES AND PROGRAMMES
Authors: Irfana PP
Published: May 2021

The study concentrates on the educational expenditure in India with a prior attention to the schemes and programmes introduced by the central government. Free and compulsory education for children between 6 to 14 years is a mile stone in the education sector. The government has introduced several programmes for the inclusiveness of all sections in to the mainstream. The enrolment of marginalised section was mainly by the impact of the step taken by the central government. The study tried to give an analytical view of the extensiveness with respect to the money spent by the government to create a successive story in the field of education. Various programmes were introduced by the central government to ensure education for all. Different schemes are implemented with a unique objective to give a perfect platform for educating the people; especially it is shown in the field of higher education. Many of the students are a part of the central schemes to fulfil their dream career through scholarships and education loans provided by the government. A large number of marginalised community were attracted by the Scholarships and educational loans provided by the government. As an impact of this, a drastic change was happened in the field of education.
KEY WORDS: Education, Expenditure, Central Government, Social Sector Development.
THE EFFECT OF INCREASED SOWING SPEED ON SOWING EFFICIENCY AND YIELD LOSS IN MAIZE AND SUNFLOWER IN HUNGARY
Authors: Gergely Tóth  , Iván Czakó
Published: May 2021

In Hungary the spring time sowing of maize and sunflower is very critical, as the optimal time window is short. The soil moisture decreases rapidly, and the unstable weather conditions create even more difficult conditions for the farmers, but the sowing quality and the plant density have strong effects on the yield. In our experiments we explored the possibility of speeding up the process of sowing, as a solution to this problem, and found that compared to the baseline, the increased speed caused perceptible quality problems, and density loss. These problems may lead to serious yield and economical loss, so the increased sowing speed is not an advisable option.
Proceso de enfermería aplicado a un paciente con SARS-CoV-2 y Diabetes Mellitus 2
Authors: Villarreal de la Cruz Jahir Francisco Rolando , Guevara-Valtier Milton Carlos , Ramírez-Hernández María Magdalena , Paz-Morales María de los Ángeles , Pérez-Fonseca Martha
Published: May 2021

Introducción: En diciembre de 2019, Wuhan, capital de la provincia de Hubei (China), se convirtió en el epicentro de una serie de casos de neumonía de causa desconocida. El agente biológico identificado es un betacoronavirus de ácido ribonucleico con envoltura que actualmente se denomina coronavirus de tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo. Objetivo: Desarrollar un proceso de enfermería aplicado a un paciente con el binomio coronavirus de tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo y Diabetes Mellitus 2. Metodología: Estudio de caso clínico descriptivo, se desarrolló el proceso de enfermería, la valoración fue guiada por el enfoque conceptual de Virginia Henderson, se establecieron diagnósticos, resultados e intervenciones. Presentación del caso: Masculino de 44 años de edad con coronavirus de tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo y Diabetes Mellitus 2 que ingresó a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Adultos de un Hospital de Tercer Nivel de Atención. Resultados: Se identificaron los diagnósticos “Limpieza ineficaz de las vías aéreas, hipertermia y riesgo de nivel de glucemia inestable”. Conclusión: Mediante las intervenciones se alcanzaron los resultados esperados, el paciente egresó de la unidad de cuidados intensivos 18 días posteriores a su internamiento.
Aprendizajes sobre el ejercicio de la enfermería en los tiempos del COVID-19
Authors: Velarde-Pacheco Elsa Patricia
Published: May 2021

La pandemia del COVID-19 ha sido muy educadora en muchos aspectos, para la sociedad los gobiernos y los profesionales de la salud.

En primer lugar, nos ha enseñado que la globalización, cuando es entendida y aprovechada, puede brindar grandes beneficios, pero que puede tener efectos colaterales como la dispersión de una enfermedad que puede ser letal. En segundo lugar, a pesar de los avances tecnológicos, los diferentes sistemas de salud no han logrado contener la pandemia, y a raíz de esta situación  la salud pública toma se vuelve prioritaria.
Comparison of perceived educational value of an in-person versus virtual medical conference
Authors: Chan Alex , Cao Andrew , Kim Leanne , Gui Shannon , Ahuja Manan , Kamhawy Rana , Latchupatula Lekhini
Published: May 2021

Purpose: Though prior literature has shown that virtual conferences improve accessibility and provide a comparable educational experience, further research is required to characterize their educational value.

Methods: In this repeated cross-sectional study, demographic and survey data were compared between attendance perspectives for the in-person student-led internal medicine conference held in 2019 and subsequent virtual conference held in 2020.

Results: There were 146 attendees at the in-person conference and 200 attendees at the online conference, in which 32 (22% response rate) and 52 responses (26% response rate) were gathered, respectively. Comparison of Likert Scale data via Mann-Whitney U Test revealed that learning objectives were better met in-person for the overall conference (p < 0.01) and didactic sessions (p < .05), but not for workshops, in which there was no significant difference. Survey takers noted the virtual conference to be more accessible on multiple factors, but felt as though their potential for interaction with other participants was more limited.

Conclusions: Results indicate that though the virtual conference appeared more accessible to attendees, overall learning objectives for the conference and didactic sessions were better met in-person. Interestingly however, there was no observed difference in perceived educational value for small group workshops.
The impact of technology on external architectural appearance
Authors:   Department of Architecture, College of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq, Shari Aako Noory M. , Ali Amjad Muhammed ,   Department of Architecture, College of Engineering, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Published: May 2021

Losing the ability to remember certain images of a specific building in the human’s mind is one of the problems these days, as this may make him feel the loss of its coordinates and lack of familiarity with his surroundings, and this happens when the architectural facades change and appear in more than one image. This paper focuses on new concepts of building façades, far from image constancy, which has been a great part of its conceptual structure. The study aims to discover the changes introduced by technology to the concepts of building façades, as it is important to deal with them in their new scope and adapt them to other parts of the components of the architectural forms of buildings. To achieve that, the study discusses the conceptual structures of building façades designed by new and old architecture pioneers. The paper is based on a comparative study to examine whether the facades of buildings for new architects have lost parts of their concepts and appear in a new and different way, compared to the basic components of the concept of architectural facades, depending on the characteristics of image constancy.