bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DAMPAK PENERAPAN MODEL PjBL DENGAN STEM PADA KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KREATIF DAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA
Authors: Mahombar Alexander , Padang Herna Puspita , Hutagalung Peniel
Published: August 2024

Model pembelajaran yang sangat disarankan untuk diterapkan pada kurikulum merdeka belajar adalah model Project Based Learning (PjBL) dengan STEM. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mendapati dampak penerapan model PjBL dengan STEM pada kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan kritis siswa. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode meta-analisis yang dipadukan dengan analisis data untuk menghitung effect size. Terdapat 17 artikel yang sudah terpublikasi dan mempunyai ISSN sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Pada penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan sebagai berikut: 1). Rata-rata dampak penerapan model PjBL dengan STEM pada kemampuan berpikir kreatif siswa berdasarkan effect size sebesar 3,49 dan pada kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa sebesar 1,04. Dengan demikian, penerapan model PjBL dengan STEM pada pembelajaran fisika memiliki dampak positif pada kemampuan berpikir kreatif dan kritis siswa. 2) Materi yang paling efektif dalam penerapan model PjBL dengan STEM pada pembelajaran fisika ialah materi momentum dan impuls yang memiliki effect size sebesar 6,82.
EFEK KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KREATIF MAHASISWA FISIKA
Authors: Parinduri Sri Handayani
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek kemandirian belajar terhadap keterampilan berpikir kreatif  mahasiswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimen dengan desain one group pretest posttest. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa tadris fisika UIN Syahada Padangsidimpuan. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara non random sampling yaitu mahasiswa semester VI Tadris Fisika T.P. 2022/2023 sebagai kelas sampel yang diterapkan pembelajaran dengan kemandirian belajar. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu instrumen keterampilan berpikir kreatif  dalam bentuk essai sebanyak 5 soal dan instrumen kemandirian belajar bentuk angket sebanyak 10 butir yang telah dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Data yang dihasilkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji independent sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,05 maka Ha diterima, disimpulkan bahwa keterampilan berpikir kreatif  dengan pembelajaran kemandirian belajar siswa lebih baik daripada keterampilan berpikir kreatif  dengan pembelajaran konvensional.Kata kunci: Kemandirian belajar, keterampilan berpikir kreatif
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL IPA BERBASIS ETNOSAINS PADA MATERI SUMBER ENERGI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN LITERASI SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Siagian Ilda Rahmi , Tamba Robenhart
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sebuah modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis etnosains pada materi sumber energi untuk meningkatkan literasi siswa kelas IV SDN 106162 Medan Estate, serta untuk mengetahui kelayakan, kepraktisan, dan keefektifan terhadap pemahaman konsep siswa dalam menggunakan modul pembelajaran IPA. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Research and Development (RD) dengan model pengembangan 4D yang membagi proses pengembangan instruksional menjadi empat tahap yaitu Define, Design, Develop, dan Disseminate. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran IPA berbasis etnosains pada materi sumber energi untuk meningkatkan literasi siswa di SD berhasil dikembangkan dengan hasil ahli materi 93% dikategorikan sangat layak, dan ahli media 91,17% yang termasuk kategori sangat valid sedangkan untuk hasil uji coba pemakaian memperoleh hasil 82% dikategorikan sangat praktis. Kemudian untuk melihat keefektifan dilakukan tes sehingga menghasilkan 86,95% yang dimana termasuk kriteria sangat efektif. Jadi dapat disimpulkan berdasarkan data yang diperoleh terhadap meningkatkan literasi siswa kelas IV SDN 106162 Medan Estate memperoleh skor 86,95% dan termasuk dalam kategori sangat efektif.
ANALISIS PERSEPSI GURU IPA TERHADAP IMPELEMENTASI KURIKULUM MERDEKA DI YAYASAN PONDOK PESANTREN NURUL HUDA TANAH MERAH
Authors: Effendi Effendi , Sinensis AR , Firdaus T , Rohmah M
Published: August 2024

Proses pendidikan terutama dalam pembelajaran terus mengalami kemajuan, terlebih pada saat model pembelajaran yang telah beralih dari offline menjadi online khususnya pada saat terjadi peristiwa covid pada tahun 2019. Pendekatan pembelajaran ini memiliki dampak positif dan negatif. Efek positifnya adalah perlindungan pelajar dari paparan langsung virus Covid-19, sementara efek negatifnya adalah potensi penurunan kualitas intelektual pelajar akibat kurangnya pengawasan langsung dari guru atau dosen. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana Persepsi Guru IPA Terhadap Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di Yayasan Pondok Pesantren Nurul Huda Tanah Merah yang telah dilaksanakan selama ini. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, menggunakan Observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pentingnya sosialisasi tentang kurikulum meredeka secara masif dan terus menerus kepada semua pihak yang ada di tingkat satuan pendidikan, sehingga implementasi kurikulum dapat dilakukan secara baik sesuai dengan harapan. Ada beberapa faktor yang menjadi hambatannya yaitu, perlunya peningkatan sarana prasarana yang memadai, perlunya peningkatan mutu sumber daya manusia gurunya dengan memperbanyak untuk mengikuti kegiatan-kegiatan peningkatan kompetensi guru, pentingnya konsistensi sekolah dalam menggunakan kurikulum.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL FISIKA BERBASIS PROJECT BASED LEARNING (PjBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 2 SALING TAHUN PELAJARAN 2023/2024
Authors: Milasari Dian Indah , Sulistiyono Sulistiyono , Yolanda Yaspin
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan modul pembelajaran fisika berbasis project-based learning  (PjBL) dan mengetahui kelayakan modul yang dikembangkan serta untuk melihat peningkattan ketrerampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Saling tahun ajaran 2023/2024 dalam memahami materi fisika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (RD) dengan model pengembangan Plomp lima tahap. Populasi dan subjek penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII A SMP Negeri 2 Saling yang berjumlah 21 siswa yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, terdiri dari 9 siswa pada tes skala kecil dan 21 siswa pada tes skala besar. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan angket dan tes. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah dengan memeriksa kelayakan produk yang dikembangkan dan mengidentifikasi perbaikan pembelajaran. Kelayakan modul fisika yang diuji oleh validator ahli adalah 100 poin dengan kategori “sangat baik” untuk ahli materi, 67 poin dengan kategori “sangat baik” untuk ahli media pembelajaran, dan  35 poin dengan kategori “sangat baik”. Peningkatan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa terlihat pada hasil pre dan post test dengan N-Gain. Tes uji skala kecil menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 0,5 dengan kategori sedang, dan tes skala besar menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 0,7 dengan kategori tinggi. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan modul fisika berbasis pembelajaran berbasis proyek dinilai layak digunakan dan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa.
SIMULASI ANALISIS HUBUNGAN ANTARA KOMPETENSI BELAJAR DAN KESESUAIAN PEKERJAAN ALUMNI LULUSAN KAMPUS VOKASI MENGGUNAKAN METODE DECISION TREE
Authors: Wati Nursetia , Mamase Saprina
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini membahas mengenai penerapan data mining terhadap kompetensi belajar di kampus vokasi dengan kesesuaian pekerjaan alumni menggunakan metode decision tree. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah sebagai simulasi untuk menganalisis seberapa besar kesesuaian bidang pekerjaan para alumni dengan kompetensi hasil belajar melalui matakuliah-matakuliah yang telah diperoleh selama kuliah di kampus vokasi, selain itu hasil yang diperoleh juga memberikan informasi terkait hubungan matakuliah dan bidang pekerjaan yang didapatkan oleh para alumni, sehingga hasil simulasi analisis ini apabila dilakukan uji coba lebih lanjut maka hasil analisisnya dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi terkait perubahan atau konstruksi kurikulum kedepannya. Hal ini sejalan dengan tujuan Kampus Vokasi Politeknik Gorontalo terkhusus pada program studi Teknik Informatika yang mengharapkan mahasiswanya bisa langsung diterima pada dunia kerja dengan kompetensi yang dimiliki alumni. Dimana metode decision tree ini merupakan salah satu metode dalam data mining yang memberikan struktur pohon yang dijadikan sebagai pohon keputusan. Uji coba simulasi ini menggunakan data alumni lulusan tahun 2018, 2019, 2020 dan 2021 yang berjumlah 91 orang. Dalam pengelohan data akan menggunakan tools Rapid Miner untuk mempermudah memprediksi kompetensi mahasiswa.
Efficient Fault Detection Algorithm in Fiber Optic Communication Systems
Authors: Simatupang Joni Welman , Pukhrambam Puspa Devi
Published: August 2024

Primary concern of optical communication system is the signal loss, which need to be traced precisely to enhance the efficiency of the system. Among numerous available techniques, optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) is the most suitable one for characterizing and tracing the losses. It measures the fraction of a probe pulse that scatters back from the fiber optic cable. Due to the presence of small levels of backscattering in single-mode fiber at long wavelengths, very sensitive optical detector is necessary to achieve sufficient range performance. In the present research, a novel yet simple approach has been demonstrated to understand the range of optical fiber cable feasibility on fault detection and rectification technique. The actual place of fault is marked with the variation in the measured values of OTDR. Thus, it becomes a difficult task to trace and locate the actual place of fault detection, which leads to an inefficient rectification method. The observed values of OTDR shows a gradual decrease of accuracy in locating the actual place of fault. To resolve these issues, here we try to develop an algorithm which is able to easily and efficiently trace the exact location of fault on earth.
A PENGEMBANGAN PROTOTYPE TEMPAT TIDUR TANGGAP GEMPA DENGAN PANEL SURYA MENGGUNAKAN METODE R&D
Authors: Rizal87 Muhamad_ Rizal-
Published: August 2024

Secara geografis Negara Indonesia berada dikawasan rawan terjadinya bencana gempa bumi. 40% Gempa bumi terjadi antara jam 21.00 s.d 06.00. Dimana di waktu itu mayoritas manusia sedang tertidur Sebelum terjadinya gempa, tidak ada ciri-ciri yang dapat menjadi acuan pasti bahwa akan terjadinya gempa dan tidak dapat mengantisipasi apabila terjadi gempa ketika sedang tertidur. Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas maka perlu adanya tempat tidur tanggap gempa dalam bentuk prototype untuk melindungi orang ketika sedang tertidur terjadi gempa kuat yang mengakibatkan runtuhnya bangunan. Prototype ini menggunakan Arduino Uno sebagai pemrosesan utamanya, serta sensor vibration untuk mendeteksi getaran, menggunakan dua sensor InfraRed untuk mendeteksi objek apakah ada manusia yang sedang tertidur atau tidak, Prototype ini dikembangkan dengan metode R&D, Pengembangan yang dimaksud dengan penambahan fungsionalitas guna alat. Pengembangan prototype meliputi penggunaan Panel Surya sebagai energi alternatif yang disimpan pada baterai dan penggunaan modul SIM 800L sebagai output pemberitahuan yang dikirim melalui teknologi SMS gateway kepada pihak terkait untuk segera dievakuasi dari reruntuhan bangunan.
Klasifikasi Tingkat Kematangan, Kualitas dan Jenis Buah Pisang Berdasarkan Ciri Warna dan Bentuk Menggunakan Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Wicaksono Aditya Dwiputro
Published: August 2024

Banana fruit is a commodity that makes a major contribution to national and international fruit production figures. The government through the National Standardization Agency establishes standards for bananas, maintaining the quality of bananas. The purpose of this study was to classify the level of maturity, quality and type of banana based on color, size and shape characteristics in the Cavendish Banana Garden, Banyumas Regency, Central Java in accordance with SNI 7422: 2009. The bananas found in the Cavendish Banana Garden have various qualities, as a local fruit that has high economic value and has a market potential that is still wide open, bananas are one of the most reliable fruit commodities. The problem that is often found is the lack of accuracy and lack of knowledge of employees in distinguishing the types, quality and ripeness of bananas, especially new employees. Jaringa Saraf Tiruan (Neural Network)  are used as a method in the classification process. The dataset in this study is a picture of bananas with 9 types, namely Ambon banana, plantain, Cavendish banana, Kirana banana, Barangan banana, jackfruit banana, gold banana and kapok banana. The ripeness of bananas in this study were the raw, ripe and overripe levels. The program is created using Tensorflow Python, the test results produce an accuracy level of 98,7 %
PEMBERIAN KOMPOS TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT UNTUK PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KARET (Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg) PADA MEDIA GAMBUT
Authors: Rosmalinda  , Fitry Ramanda Rika , Nurhayati  , Sopiana  , Nurhanudin  , Kasrianto
Published: August 2024

Karet termasuk tanaman perkebunan yang penting sebagai bahan utama penghasil lateks. Hasil samping dari pengolahan pabrik kelapa sawit salah satunya adalah tandan kosong kelapa sawit yang memiliki kandungan bahan organik, sehingga berpotensi dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan kompos. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah respon pertumbuhan bibit karet yang diberikan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap terdiri dari 5 ulangan dan 5 taraf perlakuan dosis kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit, yaitu 0 g, 25 g, 50 g, 75 g, dan 100 g per polybag. Peubah amatan penelitian ini adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah payung, diameter batang, bobot kering bibit dan panjang akar bibit karet. Peubah tinggi, jumlah payung, diameter batang, bobot kering tanaman dan panjang akar bibit karet dipengaruhi oleh aplikasi kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit 100 g/polybag menunjukkan hasil terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan bibit karet pada tanah gambut.
MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL JAGUNG SEMI (Zea mays L.) DI TANAH GAMBUT
Authors: Masulili Agusalim , Sutikarini  , Mulyadi
Published: August 2024

Budidaya jagung semi di tanah gambut memiliki beberapa faktor pembatas pertumbuhan, seperti pH tanah yang rendah dan kekurangan unsur hara makro serta mikro. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengamati respon pertumbuhan dan hasil jagung semi terhadap pemberian berbagai konsentrasi POC air kelapa dengan frekuensi yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan di Balai Penyuluhan Pertanian (BPP) Kecamatan Pontianak Barat selama 3 bulan, mulai Januari-April 2023. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan 7 kombinasi taraf perlakuan, yaitu tanpa POC, POC 10 ml/l dengan frekuensi penyiraman 3 hari sekali, POC 10 ml/l dengan frekuensi 6 hari sekali, POC 10 ml/l dengan frekuensi 9 hari sekali, POC 20 ml/l dengan frekuensi 3 hari sekali, POC 20 ml/l dengan frekuensi 6 hari sekali, dan POC 20 ml/l dengan frekuensi 9 hari sekali. Peubah yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman, luas daun, panjang tongkol, bobot tongkol berkelobot, dan bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis ragam pada taraf 5%. Data yang menunjukkan pengaruh nyata diuji lanjut menggunakan uji beda nyata terkecil (BNT) pada taraf nyata 5% (α 0,05). POC air kelapa memiliki potensi dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung semi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, konsentrasi POC air kelapa yang diberikan berpengaruh nyata terhadap peubah hasil jagung semi, seperti panjang tongkol, bobot tongkol berkelobot  dan bobot tongkol tanpa kelobot. Hasil terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan pemberian POC air kelapa konsentrasi 20 ml/l dengan frekuensi 3 hari sekali.
STUDENT PREPARATION FOR RESTRICTED OFFLINE LEARNING (CASE STUDY OF POLITEKNIK INDONUSA SURAKARTA)
Authors: Hadri Cecilia , Novratilova Sinta , AVIF ADNAN
Published: August 2024

The explosion of COVID-19 cases in Indonesia starting in early July 2021 has gradually decreased significantly. Community participation to comply with government regulations is one of the keys to this success. The government has allowed learning to be conducted face-to-face on campus with various predetermined conditions. The success of this limited face-to-face learning program cannot spare students' readiness to follow all the rules, including the implementation of health protocols and vaccinations. This study aims to determine the understanding of students' attitudes and behavior towards COVID-19 during online learning. The study used a cross-sectional design with a sample of Indonesian Polytechnic students. The data was taken using an online questionnaire and then analyzed. Based on the data obtained, the level of student knowledge about COVID-19 is good. Students' attitude towards COVID-19 is also good, and most students are ready to vaccinate for health reasons. Students' behavior has also shown positive behavior, which means students are ready to carry out face-to-face learning in a limited manner with strict health protocols.
Developing of E-Module Diversity of Living Things Around in Improving Ereadiness of Distance Learning Students
Authors: Nuryunita Dewantari  , Dwi Winarsih
Published: August 2024

This study aims to determine the feasibility of the e-module on the diversity of living things around in increasing distance learning e-readiness for students. This study uses a research and development approach. The development model used in this study is the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The research instruments used were pretest questions, posttest questions and questionnaires. The questionnaire used is the e-module validation questionnaire and the practicality questionnaire. The e-module validation questionnaire was filled out by experts and the practicality questionnaire was filled out by students who had used the e-module. Based on the results of the validation analysis carried out by experts, an average value of 3.74 was obtained with valid criteria, indicating that the developed e-module is feasible for use in learning. In addition, based on the results of the practicality questionnaire analysis that has been filled in by students who have used the e-module with percentage of 79.2% is obtained which means that the e-module that has been developed is practical for use in distance learning.
Li2MnCl4 single crystal: new candidate for red-emitting neutron scintillator
Authors: Vaněček Vojtěch , Král Robert , Křehlíková Kateřina , Kučerková Romana , Babin Vladimir , Zemenová Petra , Rohlíček Jan , Málková Zuzana , Jurkovičová Terézia , Nikl Martin
Published: August 2024

Novel red-emitting scintillator Li2MnCl4 is proposed as a candidate for thermal neutron detection. It features high Li content, low density, low effective atomic number, and emission in red-NIR region. These characteristics make it an interesting candidate for long distance neutron detection in harsh enviroments e. g. decomisioning of nuclear powerplants. The absorption spectrum is thoroughly investigated in the scope of Tanabe-Sugano diagram. Luminescence mechanism in the undoped Li2MnCl4 is studied in depth. Doping by Eu2+ and Ce3+ is introduced as a trial to improve the scintillation efficiency. We show in the Eu2+ and Ce3+ doped Li2MnCl4 that luminescence mechanism involves energy transfer from the dopants to Mn2+, and propose the local lattice distortion around the dopant and a possible charge compensation mechanisms.
Correlation between Environmental Factors, Knowledge, and Behavior towards Pulmonary Tuberculosis Incidents
Authors: Suyasa I Nyoman Gede , Dharmawati IGAA , Jirna I Nyoman , Purna I Nyoman , Sundari Cokorda Dewi Widhya Hana , Sudiadnyana I Wayan , Mastra Nyoman
Published: August 2024

Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) still becomes a concern to prevent. Several factors play a role in the incidents of pulmonary TB such as external factors i.e. environmental conditions and internal factors of the individual such as knowledge and behavior. The high fact of pulmonary TB in Indonesia has become a challenge to analyze the causing factors. This research investigated the correlation of factors of environment, knowledge, and behavior towards pulmonary tuberculosis in Badung Regency, Indonesia. This research utilized a case-control study design with a population of TB-case patients in 13 Public Health Centers in Badung Regency with a sample of 146 respondents. The environmental parameters are room temperature, humidity, lighting, residential density, and building materials. The data collection used a lux meter, hygrometer, room thermometer, and questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to examine the data. The results reveal that the temperature did not meet the requirements of 97.3%, humidity did not meet the requirements of 68.7%, lighting did not meet the requirements of 60.6%, and residential density did not meet the requirements of 68.1%. Meanwhile, the building materials of walls meet the requirements of as many as 50.7%. The test obtained a significance of knowledge and behavior both in 0.001. In conclusion, there is a correlation between room temperature, humidity, lighting, residential density, knowledge, and behavior with the incidence of pulmonary TB and an absence of correlation between building materials with the case of pulmonary TB.
Conceptualizing and Measuring “Problem Behavior” in Early Intervention Autism Research: A Project AIM Secondary Systematic Review
Authors: Bottema-Beutel Kristen
Published: August 2024

Background: Some autistic children exhibit behavior that is described by caregivers and in research to be problematic. However, there is little consensus about the types of behaviors that should be reduced via intervention, which can range from inherently harmful behaviors such as aggression and self-injury, to non-normative but not harmful behaviors associated with autism such as repetitive movements. Likewise, there are a variety of conceptualizations and measurement practices associated with these behaviors.Methods: In this secondary systematic review of group-design, non-pharmacological intervention studies for autistic children up to age eight, we sought to explore researcher conceptualization and measurement practices of problem behavior. We defined problem behavior as any outcome where specific behaviors were targeted for reduction or elimination. A coding scheme was applied to 102 studies that met inclusion criteria for the secondary review. All studies were double coded by two independent coders.Results: Forty-seven percent of studies described reducing behavior as a primary or secondary purpose of the study and/or intervention, 33% gave a rationale for targeting behaviors for reduction, and 28% offered a conceptualization of the behavior(s) they targeted. Only 8% offered a conceptual definition. The most common measures were “off-the-shelf” measures that had undergone at least some previous validation beyond inter-rater reliability, and that involved parent reports. For the ten most common assessment measures, two were validated along six different validation dimensions in autistic populations. All but one full scale or subscale measured either behaviors that were non-normative but not inherently harmful, or a mix of behaviors that were inherently harmful and that were non-normative but not inherently harmful.Conclusions: Intervention researchers should provide clear definitions and rationales for targeting behaviors for reduction via intervention and should develop refined measurement tools for assessing these behaviors in collaboration with the autistic community.
Enhancing Voice and Video Communication in LTE and 5G: Time Zone and Callee Preference Indication for Improved Caller Awareness
Authors: Goyal Akshat
Published: August 2024

In an increasingly interconnected world, seamless communication across time zones often results in unintended disruptions. This paper presents solutions to enhance VoLTE (Voice over LTE), VoNR (Voice over NR) and VT (Video Telephony) communications defined by 3GPP by incorporating callee time zone and preference indications for improved caller awareness. The proposed solutions involve modifications to both the network and UE (User Equipment) stack, enabling callers to receive notifications about the callee's local time and preferred availability before establishing a call. This mechanism ensures calls are placed at appropriate times, reducing disturbances and enhancing user experience. The paper also discusses potential carrier use cases and revenue opportunities, positioning this feature as a significant innovation in global communication.Keywords: VoLTE, Video Telephony, Time Zone Indication, Network Modifications, Disruption Reduction.
Examining the Impact of Light and Vigorous Acute Aerobic Exercise on Pattern Separation and Sustained Attention in Young Adults
Authors: Melville Michael , Stark Jessica , Hiersche Kelly J. , Esterman Michael , Hayes Scott M.
Published: August 2024

PurposeThe study had two primary objectives: 1) To replicate and extend the literature by examining the dose-response relationship between acute aerobic exercise intensity and pattern separation performance during the Mnemonic Similarity Task and 2) To examine the dose-response relationship of acute bouts of aerobic exercise on sustained attention and inhibitory control. MethodsEighteen young adults completed three counterbalanced appointments, during which a 10-min exercise condition [rest (control condition), light intensity, or vigorous intensity] was implemented on a cycle ergometer, followed by cognitive testing. The Mnemonic Similarity Task was used to assess episodic memory and pattern separation, and the gradual-onset continuous performance task was used to assess sustained attention and inhibitory control. Heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, and salivary cortisol were measured. ResultsAlthough a main effect of acute exercise on pattern separation performance was not observed, follow-up analyses revealed that the magnitude of exercise-induced performance enhancements in pattern separation were positively associated with baseline physical activity levels. Acute bouts of exercise enhanced sustained attention and inhibitory control abilities improved following bouts of light or vigorous intensity exercise compared with rest. There was no difference in sustained attention in the vigorous versus light intensity exercise condition.ConclusionsThe current study suggests that it may be important to consider baseline levels of physical activity when studying the acute effects of exercise on pattern separation performance. Bouts of light and vigorous intensity aerobic exercise improved both sustained attention and inhibitory control. Our results demonstrate that light intensity acute aerobic exercise was sufficient to enhance sustained attention and inhibitory control, and vigorous exercise intensity did not further improve or degrade cognitive performance.
Transplacental transmission of mRNA injections confirmed: does this evidence by Hanna and colleagues support their proposition as a promising prenatal gene therapy?
Authors: Mueller Siguna
Published: August 2024

A recent study by Hanna and collaborators assessed the presence of COVID-19 mRNA productsin the placenta and umbilical cord blood following maternal “vaccination” during human pregnancy.Their analysis of 2 pregnant women revealed that the mRNA of the genetic injections was detected inboth placentas. Spike protein expression was confirmed in the placenta of one of them. Furthermore,the engineered mRNA was detected in the umbilical cord and maternal blood of one mother, wherethose samples were available for analysis. They also found that the integrity of the injected mRNA varied across samples, but overall, a substantial or even overwhelming majority consisted of non-integrous species. The authors also provide several theoretical reasons they believe explain their experiential observations. Based on their results but shifting their aim, the authors indicate the benefits of their results and suggest that related gene therapies, particularly mRNA-based treatments, may have great promise as prenatal therapy. This article analyses the findings and interpretations of the study and identifies gaps and inconsistencies in their explanations. It also provides a short synopsis and update on known problems with mRNA injections and outlines major pitfalls and unknowns underlying thepromised benefits of their intended prenatal gene therapy applications.
Preparing Adolescents who Stutter for the Transition to Life After High School
Authors: Rodgers Naomi Hertsberg , Marsh Darby , Jacobs Kelly , Collins Ginger
Published: August 2024

PURPOSE: The purpose of this project was to understand the needs of adolescents who stutter as they transition to life after high school, and to develop an evidence-based discussion guide for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to use in their postsecondary transition planning with adolescents who stutter.METHODS: We conducted four focus groups: two with current high schoolers who stutter and recent high school graduates who stutter (n=11), and two with parents of high schoolers who stutter and high school-based SLPs (n=14). The focus groups were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS: Three to five themes were created for each of the three main domains of transition plans: postsecondary education/training, employment, and independent living. While the themes were unique to each postsecondary domain, there was a common thread of helping adolescents develop an open, proactive stance toward stuttering and discussing stuttering with others. CONCLUSIONS: SLPs are uniquely positioned to guide adolescents who stutter through the postsecondary transition process, as they are often the only specialized support personnel working with students who stutter in the schools. There are discussion topics that are important to facilitate with adolescents who stutter as they prepare to transition to life after high school, which we present in a printable discussion guide located as supplemental material to this article.
Investigating the delivery of PD-L1-targeted immunoliposomes in a dynamic cervical cancer-on-a-chip model
Authors: Fobian Seth-Frerich , Amin Mohamadreza , Sacchetti Andrea , Oei Arlene Leonie , Hagen Timo L. M. ten
Published: August 2024

The recent approval of pembrolizumab in recurrent or metastatic cervical cancer warrants further investigations into the usefulness of immunotherapies for more durable and less radical interventions. In this study, the targeting potential of anti-PD-L1-functionalized immunoliposomes was tested in a 3D in vitro cervical cancer-on-a-chip model. Immunolipsomes were synthesized and decorated externally with monovalent anti-PD-L1 Fab’ fragments of commercially available atezolizumab. Cervical cancer cell lines with varying levels of PD-L1 expression were cultured as spheroids embedded in a collagen I matrix, and treated under flow of culture media. Flow cytometry and live-cell confocal imaging were used to measure the interactions and uptake of untargeted liposomes and immunoliposomes in this panel of cell lines. The immunoliposomes retained specific functionality regardless of protein corona formation in high serum environments. As such, spheroids expressing high levels of PD-L1 preferentially internalized immunoliposomes in a 3D environment with extracellular matrix present, while low PD-L1-expressing cell lines preferentially internalized untargeted liposomes. Importantly, treatments performed in monolayer cultures (on plastic) showed no differences between immuno- and untargeted liposome uptake, including the way in which the endocytosed liposomes are trafficked subcellularly. This study demonstrates the importance of both active and passive accumulation strategies to achieve nanoparticle targeting. Immunoliposomes remain a promising platform for the development of targeted nanotherapies against cervical cancers. However, initial functional tests did not translate directly to biological performance and this should be kept in mind for future formulations. Furthermore, the in vitro model developed appeared useful for visualizing liposome uptake in a 3D, live tissue environment and represents a cost-effective and reproducible model for future studies.
Competency-based Curriculum Mapping for Doctoral Program Evaluation
Authors: Li Xiuqi , Patrnogić Jelena , Van Vactor David
Published: August 2024

Training in the life sciences must continue to evolve to prepare students for challenges in the 21st century. Our program has taken a competency-based approach to meet this need. Here, we report on our efforts to define a competency framework that aligns with our training priorities and apply it to the mapping of our predoctoral curriculum. Systematically collecting and analyzing curriculum data allows us to evaluate a central component of our training program, propelling more holistic and data-driven decisions for improving the program in the future.
Successful Happiness Pursuit in Late Adulthood: An Intergoal Compatibility Account
Authors: Gong Xianmin , Wong Natalie
Published: August 2024

Older adults experience higher levels of happiness than younger adults. This could be because individuals prioritize happiness goals as they age. However, it remains unclear why older adults are more successful at meeting happiness goals. This review proposes an intergoal compatibility account, asserting that happiness goals and other important goals are more compatible (i.e., fewer conflicts and greater facilitation) in late adulthood due to goal adjustments. The increased compatibility boosts the happiness of older adults through mechanisms that increase the effectiveness of happiness pursuit and endurance of happiness, such as increasing the desirability and meaningfulness of happiness pursuit, facilitating the progress of other important personal goals, and reducing the distress caused by goal conflicts. In addition to the existing theories about how older adults are more motivated to achieve happiness, this new account explains why they can do so, contributing to a better understanding of age-related changes in happiness.
Biological life has a non-material side: Expanding our scientific worldview may be critical for securing the Earth-life system
Authors: Liddicoat Craig
Published: August 2024

The future of humanity and the environment are intertwined. Our collective growth shapes and disrupts environmental systems at planetary-scale. We pursue increasingly technological futures, while warning of the need to repair the natural systems and biosphere that sustain us. Facing globally interconnected challenges, the scientific approaches that guide our decision-making have never been more important for informing our future. Physicalist (physical-only), reductionistic worldviews, which strive to eliminate subjectivity, provide conceptual framing for mainstream scientific views and purport to completely frame and describe biological life. However, we observe ample case studies from biology, ecology, human health, animal behavior, and other life sciences where the course of events are shaped by intrinsic cognitive and subjective assessments of benefits and drawbacks. It is argued that such perceptions, informing adaptive goal-directed behaviors, represent an overlooked non-material facet or dimension, linked to bioelectric read/write/compute capacity, that is critical to life at organism-, ecosystem-, and biosphere-scales.
AI Interventions: Assessing the Potential for a ChatGPT Based Loneliness and Cognitive Decline Intervention in Geriatric Populations
Authors: Yang Allison Kylaie , Hu Bin
Published: August 2024

As life expectancy continues to rise, the prevalence of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's is increasing, highlighting the urgent need for effective interventions to combat cognitive decline and loneliness among seniors. Previous research has found significant links between social isolation and cognitive decline, with increased social isolation associated with faster cognitive decline. Additionally, social isolation significantly increases the risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to social isolation due to factors such as the loss of close relationships, retirement, and mobility issues. Certain subpopulations, like older foreign-born adults and LGBTQ+ seniors, face heightened risks of loneliness and social isolation. Addressing these issues requires tailored interventions that can provide meaningful social engagement and support. Current interventions include methods such as psychotherapy, community-based exercise programs, group therapies, social prescription programs, and home-based interventions which play significant roles in enhancing social connectedness and mental well-being in senior populations. Recent technological advancements have introduced new avenues for addressing loneliness and cognitive decline in seniors. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly conversational agents like GPT-4o, offers significant potential for creating personalised and accessible interventions for seniors. GPT-4o's ability to understand and generate human-like text makes it a valuable tool for providing companionship, cognitive training, and emotional support. The current paper aims to explore the potential for a GPT-4o chatbot intervention in optimising care for isolated seniors.
A scoping review of telehealth in school-based health services: Characteristics of telehealth use
Authors: Knobl Erin , Renahan Kari , Jiang Annie , Altaf Hamda , Tandon Chitrini , Di Rezze Briano , Phoenix Michelle , Campbell Wenonah
Published: August 2024

Purpose: To describe the use of telehealth by school-based health service providers.Methods: We searched five academic databases, followed by a manual search of the reference lists of included articles. Our inclusion criteria required that articles be peer-reviewed, in English, involve use of telehealth by a health professional, and integrate services into the kindergarten to grade 12 school setting. We published an a priori protocol on Open Science Framework. Two reviewers completed article selection, followed by one reviewer and one verifier completing data extraction. We extracted a description of the articles as well as for whom, what, where, when, why, and how telehealth services were provided.Results: We screened 6585 unique sources and included 70 articles. Articles were primarily empirical (77%), from the United States (67%), and published after 2017 (73%). Telehealth services in schools were most often provided by speech-language pathologists (40%) and psychologists (40%), and were provided to students with a range of health conditions and disabilities. Telehealth services included assessment, intervention, and consultation, and were provided primarily through videoconferencing. Telehealth services were utilized to address staffing shortages, serve rural communities, and to meet COVID-19 restrictions.Conclusions: Given the heterogeneous student population and geographically limited literature, we recommend additional research to determine in what specific situations telehealth can and should be implemented.
People’s Political Participation: A Theoretical Exposition and Reality in Case of Bangladesh
Authors: Morium Bibi
Published: August 2024

People’s participation is one of the central things in a parliamentary democracy. An effective democracy cannot be imagine without people’s participation. In this respect, this research investigated the people’s political participation in Bangladesh. For that the theories or models related to people’s political participation are reviewed first. Then people’s political participation in Bangladesh is analysed to see whether any theory or model best fit to explain it or not. The empirical analysis and findings are based on primary data collected using a field survey conducted in February-April 2018 using a structured questionnaire in the Rajshahi City Corporation area. In the case of theories related to people’s participation, five models were found in the literature. They are the Civic Voluntarism Model (CVM), the Rational Expectation Model (REM), the Social Psychological Model (SPM), the Mobilization Model (MM), and the General Incentive Model (GIM). It is found that each of the models has some strengths as well as weaknesses to explain people’s participation. On the basis of the framework we get from different models it is found that the Civic Voluntarism Model to some extent explains the people’s participation in Bangladesh. This research provides an explanation of people’s political participation in general as well as in Bangladesh.
Graphene oxide for highly efficient nonlinear optics in integrated nanowire waveguides
Authors: Moss David
Published: August 2024

We report enhanced nonlinear optics in integrated nanophotonic chips through the use of integrated with 2D graphene oxide (GO) films. We investigate nanophotonic platforms including silicon, silicon nitride and high index doped silica. Due to the high Kerr nonlinearity of GO films and low nonlinear absorption we observe significant enhancement of third-order nonlinear processes. In particular, in silicon we observe an increase in both the Kerr nonlinearity and nonlinear figure of merit of up to 20 times. These results show the strong capability of GO films for improving the nonlinear optical performance of integrated photonic devices.
The Quantum Leap in Gaming Technologies: A Quantum Computing Approach
Authors: Goyal Akshat
Published: August 2024

This research paper delves into the transformative potential of quantum computing in the gaming industry, focusing on how its key principles—superposition, entanglement, decoherence, and interference—can lead to more immersive and complex gameplay experiences. By leveraging qubits, quantum computing allows for the processing of multiple states simultaneously, enabling advancements such as enhanced AI, procedural generation, and realistic graphics that surpass the capabilities of classical computers. Additionally, this paper examines the current landscape of quantum gaming and critically analyzes the development of games utilizing quantum computing technologies. The paper also explores quantum game theory, particularly how quantum strategies, exemplified by the quantum version of the Prisoner’s Dilemma, differ from classical approaches and could lead to entirely new gaming genres. Overall, Quantum technology not only promises to elevate the gaming experience but also to redefine the boundaries of what is possible in game design and interactivity, potentially ushering in a new era of quantum-driven gaming innovation.Keywords: quantum computing, quantum gaming, qubits, procedural generation, quantum game theory
Graphene oxide for efficient self-phase modulation in silicon nitride nanowire waveguides
Authors: Moss David
Published: August 2024

Self-phase modulation (SPM) is an important third-order nonlinear optical process that has been widely used in many applications, such as broadband optical sources, optical diodes, optical spectroscopy, pulse compression, and many others. The ability to realize SPM based on-chip integrated photonic devices will reap attractive benefits of compact footprint, high stability, high scalability, and low-cost mass production. Here, we experimentally investigate enhanced SPM in silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides by integrating with 2D graphene oxide (GO) films. The on-chip integration of GO films is achieved on Si3N4 waveguides through a solution-based, transfer-free, layer-by-layer coating method with precise control of the film thickness. We use both picosecond and femtosecond optical pulses to perform detailed SPM measurements. Owing to the high Kerr nonlinearity of GO, the GO-coated waveguides show significantly improved spectral broadening for both the picosecond and femtosecond optical pulses compared to the uncoated waveguide, achieving a broadening factor of up to ~3.4 for a device with 2 layers of GO. Based on the experimental results which show good agreement with theory, we obtain an improvement in the waveguide nonlinear parameter by a factor of up to 18.4 and a Kerr coefficient (n2) of GO that is about 5 orders of magnitude higher than Si3N4. These results reveal the effectiveness of 2D GO films to improve the nonlinear performance of Si3N4 waveguides.
The REBL Score: A dynamic measure of pro-environmental behavior
Authors: Shrum Trisha , Donovan Christopher , Bloch Sadie , Cripps Emma , Boyson Ceclia
Published: August 2024

The field of environmental behavior suffers from a lack of precise, reliable, and unidimensional measurement tools. Without tools that can measure changes over time, the drivers of behavior will remain opaque. To fill this critical gap in the methodological toolkit, we present a new Rasch-model based measurement tool. The Repeated Environmental Behaviors Latent (REBL) Scale contains 24 yes-or-no questions about behaviors carried out over the past week that are transformed into the REBL Score, a true-interval measure that captures a wide range of intensity of pro-environmental behavior preferences. Starting with a broad list of behaviors, we systematically reduced the scale using data from a series of nationally representative surveys to create a measure that is unidimensional, invariant, and reliable. We validate the scale against donations to a pro-environmental non-profit. We also provide open-source online tools to help researchers utilize the scale in research and applied settings.
From zero to figure hero - A checklist for designing scientific data visualizations
Authors: Jambor Helena (Klara)
Published: August 2024

Biological research spans scales and methodologies, generating complex data visualizations such as images, text, numbers, networks, and maps. With increasingly large and multimodal datasets, effective visualization is essential for efficiently conveying scientific insights. Despite this crucial role, biologist often lack training in data visualization and information design. This work addresses this gap by providing a framework for creating clear, accurate, and impactful visualizations of biological data. It is centered around a checklist that guides biologists through the process of developing publishable figures. The guide and checklist cover key aspects such as selecting appropriate display types, using color palettes effectively, and optimizing figure layouts to communicate complex data. Additionally, the work is supported by evidence from visualization research, ensuring that the checklist recommendations are grounded in established principles. By following this guide, biologists can enhance their visual data presentations, ultimately increasing the impact of their scientific findings on diverse audiences.
Pre-treatment attrition in a lay-led, cost-covered group therapy program for depression in Ecuador: A qualitative assessment
Authors: Baron Bernardo Chrispim , Bittner Joy , Peñafiel Karina
Published: August 2024

Pre-treatment attrition, or the phenomenon of individuals dropping out before the initial intake session, poses a significant challenge to the efficacy of mental health programs, particularly in low-resource settings where access to care is limited. This study examines pre-treatment attrition within Vida Plena's lay-led, fully cost-covered Group Interpersonal Therapy (g-IPT) program for depression in Ecuador. Using a qualitative approach, the study explores the experiences and perceptions of individuals who were referred to the program but did not attend the first therapy session. Through semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, key factors contributing to attrition were identified, including communication lapses, hesitations about group therapy, negative perceptions of the application process, and socioeconomic barriers. The findings suggest that enhancing communication strategies, addressing attitudinal barriers, and offering flexible mental health services could improve participant retention. The study's insights have implications for the implementation of mental health interventions in low-resource settings and contribute to the development of more inclusive and accessible care models.