bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Machine Learning Approach to Produce a Continuous Solar‐Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence Over the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Madani Nima , Parazoo Nicholas C. , Manizza Manfredi , Chatterjee Abhishek , Carroll Dustin , Menemenlis Dimitris , Le Fouest Vincent , Matsuoka Atsushi , Luis Kelly M. , Serra‐Pompei Camila , Miller Charles E.
Published: December 2024

Phytoplankton primary production is a crucial component of Arctic Ocean (AO) biogeochemistry, playing a pivotal role in carbon cycling by supporting higher trophic levels and removing atmospheric carbon dioxide. The advent of satellite observations measuring chlorophyll a concentration (Chl_a) has provided unprecedented insights into the distribution of AO phytoplankton, enhancing our ability to assess oceanic net primary production (NPP). However, the optical properties of AO waters differ significantly from those of the lower‐latitude waters, complicating remotely sensed Chl_a retrievals. To mitigate these deficiencies, solar‐induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has emerged as a valuable tool for gaining physiological insights into the direct photosynthetic processes of the AO. However, the temporal coverage of satellite SIF data makes long‐term analysis of Chl_a photosynthetic activity challenging. In this study, we leverage satellite‐based SIF measurements from 2018 to 2021 to assess their correlation with a set of predictive factors influencing phytoplankton photosynthesis. Generally, observed SIF over the AO showed a higher correlation with normalized fluorescence line height (NFLH) compared to Chl_a. We extended the temporal coverage of the original SIF data to encompass the period from 2004 to 2020. The extended record revealed noticeable differences between SIF, and satellite‐based Chl_a, and NFLH observations. Our novel data set offers a pathway forward to monitor the physiological interactions of phytoplankton with climate changes, promising to significantly improve our understanding of Arctic waters productivity. The application of this data is expected to provide new insights into how phytoplankton respond to environmental shifts, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of their role in high‐latitude marine ecosystems.
Macrophages in organ fibrosis: from pathogenesis to therapeutic targets
Authors: Jiang Yuanyuan , Cai Rong , Huang Yu , Zhu Like , Xiao Long , Wang Caihong , Wang Lihong
Published: December 2024

Fibrosis, an excessive self-repair response, is an age-related pathological process that universally affects various major organs such as the heart, liver, kidney, and lungs. Continuous accumulation of pathological tissue fibrosis destroys structural integrity and causes loss of function, with consequent organ failure and increased mortality. Although some differences exist in the triggering mechanisms and pathophysiologic manifestations of organ-specific fibrosis, they usually share similar cascading responses and features, including chronic inflammatory stimulation, parenchymal cell injury, and macrophage recruitment. Macrophages, due to their high plasticity, can polarize into different phenotypes in response to varied microenvironments and play a crucial role in the development of organ fibrosis. This review examined the relationship between macrophages and the pathogenesis of organ fibrosis. Moreover, it analyzed how fibrosis can be modulated by targeting macrophages, which may become a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for fibrosis.
High-resolution genetic analysis of whole APC gene deletions: a report of two cases and patient characteristics
Authors: Tanabe Hiroki , Koshizuka Yasuyuki , Tanaka Kazuyuki , Takahashi Kenji , Ijiri Masami , Takahashi Keitaro , Ando Katsuyoshi , Ueno Nobuhiro , Kashima Shin , Sarashina Takeo , Moriichi Kentaro , Mitsube Kenrokuro , Mizukami Yusuke , Fujiya Mikihiro , Makita Yoshio
Published: December 2024

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant syndrome caused by germline variants in the APC gene, leading to the development of numerous colorectal polyps and significantly increases the risk of colorectal cancer. A diagnosis is typically made using colonoscopy, and genetic testing can assist in patient surveillance and carrier identification. Recent advances include the use of whole-genome array comparative genomic hybridization (a-CGH), which provides better resolution of genetic imbalances. We aimed to explore the specific features of FAP patients with whole APC gene deletions using high-resolution a-CGH and to compare patient characteristics. Two polyposis patients with whole APC deletions were identified, and the lost genetic sizes ranged from 0.3–1.1 Mb. Nervous abnormalities were a characteristic symptom in a patient with a 1.1 Mb loss. A patient with an approximately 0.3 Mb loss, which included the entire APC gene, presented a polyposis phenotype without intellectual disability. The comparison of genetic losses, with or without intellectual disability, revealed 7 genetic changes. Consequently, EPB41L4A is a candidate gene associated with the neurogenic phenotype.
Neonatal myoclonus in Bryant-Li-Bhoj syndrome associated with a novel H3F3A variant
Authors: Hojo Moemi , Soma Noriko , Yamada Kei , Kobayashi Yu , Miura Masaki , Fujii Hitomi , Nyuzuki Hiromi , Nishio Yosuke , Oso Taichi , Ogi Tomoo , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Tohyama Jun
Published: December 2024

Bryant-Li-Bhoj syndrome (BLBS; OMIM # 619720, 619721), caused by germline H3F3A and H3F3B variants encoding histone H3.3, is characterized by mild to severe developmental delay, intellectual disability, failure to thrive, muscle tone abnormalities, and dysmorphic facial features. Here, we present a Japanese patient with a novel heterozygous p.A48G variant in H3F3A, displaying previously unrecognized symptoms of neonatal myoclonus. This case helps broaden the phenotypic spectrum of BLBS.
Nutrient availability influences E. coli biofilm properties and the structure of purified curli amyloid fibers
Authors: Siri Macarena , Vázquez-Dávila Mónica , Sotelo Guzman Carolina , Bidan Cécile M.
Published: December 2024

Bacterial biofilms are highly adaptable and resilient to challenges. Nutrient availability can induce changes in biofilm growth, architecture and mechanical properties. Their extracellular matrix plays an important role in achieving biofilm stability under different environmental conditions. Curli amyloid fibers are critical for the architecture and stiffness of E. coli biofilms, but how this major matrix component adapts to different environmental cues remains unclear. We investigated, for the first time, the effect of nutrient availability both on biofilm material properties and on the structure and properties of curli amyloid fibers extracted from similar biofilms. Our results show that biofilms grown on low nutrient substrates are stiffer, contain more curli fibers, and these fibers present higher β-sheet content and chemical stability. Our multiscale study sheds new light on the relationship between bacterial matrix molecular structure and biofilm macroscopic properties. This knowledge will benefit the development of both anti-biofilm strategies and biofilm-based materials.
Equally high efficiencies of organic solar cells processed from different solvents reveal key factors for morphology control
Authors: Zhang Rui , Chen Haiyang , Wang Tonghui , Kobera Libor , He Lilin , Huang Yuting , Ding Junyuan , Zhang Ben , Khasbaatar Azzaya , Nanayakkara Sadisha , Zheng Jialei , Chen Weijie , Diao Ying , Abbrent Sabina , Brus Jiri , Coffey Aidan H. , Zhu Chenhui , Liu Heng , Lu Xinhui , Jiang Qing , Coropceanu Veaceslav , Brédas Jean-Luc , Li Yongfang , Li Yaowen , Gao Feng
Published: December 2024

The power conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs) is exceeding 20%, an advance in which morphology optimization has played a significant role. It is generally accepted that the processing solvent (or solvent mixture) can help optimize morphology, impacting the OSC efficiency. Here we develop OSCs that show strong tolerance to a range of processing solvents, with all devices delivering high power conversion efficiencies around 19%. By investigating the solution states, the film formation dynamics and the characteristics of the processed films both experimentally and computationally, we identify the key factors that control morphology, that is, the interactions between the side chains of the acceptor materials and the solvent as well as the interactions between the donor and acceptor materials. Our work provides new understanding on the long-standing question of morphology control and effective guides to design OSC materials towards practical applications, where green solvents are required for large-scale processing.
Understanding the neural code of stress to control anhedonia
Authors: Xia Frances , Fascianelli Valeria , Vishwakarma Nina , Ghinger Frances Grace , Kwon Andrew , Gergues Mark M. , Lalani Lahin K. , Fusi Stefano , Kheirbek Mazen A.
Published: December 2024

Anhedonia, the diminished drive to seek, value, and learn about rewards, is a core feature of major depressive disorder1–3. The neural underpinnings of anhedonia and how this emotional state drives behaviour remain unclear. Here we investigated the neural code of anhedonia by taking advantage of the fact that when mice are exposed to traumatic social stress, susceptible animals become socially withdrawn and anhedonic, whereas others remain resilient. By performing high-density electrophysiology to record neural activity patterns in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and ventral CA1 (vCA1), we identified neural signatures of susceptibility and resilience. When mice actively sought rewards, BLA activity in resilient mice showed robust discrimination between reward choices. By contrast, susceptible mice exhibited a rumination-like signature, in which BLA neurons encoded the intention to switch or stay on a previously chosen reward. Manipulation of vCA1 inputs to the BLA in susceptible mice rescued dysfunctional neural dynamics, amplified dynamics associated with resilience, and reversed anhedonic behaviour. Finally, when animals were at rest, the spontaneous BLA activity of susceptible mice showed a greater number of distinct neural population states. This spontaneous activity allowed us to decode group identity and to infer whether a mouse had a history of stress better than behavioural outcomes alone. This work reveals population-level neural dynamics that explain individual differences in responses to traumatic stress, and suggests that modulating vCA1–BLA inputs can enhance resilience by regulating these dynamics.
RANK drives structured intestinal epithelial expansion during pregnancy
Authors: Onji Masahiro , Sigl Verena , Lendl Thomas , Novatchkova Maria , Ullate-Agote Asier , Andersson-Rolf Amanda , Kozieradzki Ivona , Koglgruber Rubina , Pai Tsung-Pin , Lichtscheidl Dominic , Nayak Komal , Zilbauer Matthias , Carranza García Natalia A. , Sievers Laura Katharina , Falk-Paulsen Maren , Cronin Shane J. F. , Hagelkruys Astrid , Sawa Shinichiro , Osborne Lisa C. , Rosenstiel Philip , Pasparakis Manolis , Ruland Jürgen , Takayanagi Hiroshi , Clevers Hans , Koo Bon-Kyoung , Penninger Josef M.
Published: December 2024

During reproduction, multiple species such as insects and all mammals undergo extensive physiological and morphological adaptions to ensure health and survival of the mother and optimal development of the offspring. Here we report that the intestinal epithelium undergoes expansion during pregnancy and lactation in mammals. This enlargement of the intestinal surface area results in a novel geometry of expanded villi. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-κΒ (RANK, encoded by TNFRSF11A) and its ligand RANKL were identified as a molecular pathway involved in this villous expansion of the small intestine in vivo in mice and in intestinal mouse and human organoids. Mechanistically, RANK–RANKL protects gut epithelial cells from cell death and controls the intestinal stem cell niche through BMP receptor signalling, resulting in the elongation of villi and a prominent increase in the intestinal surface. As a transgenerational consequence, babies born to female mice that lack Rank in the intestinal epithelium show reduced weight and develop glucose intolerance after metabolic stress. Whereas gut epithelial remodelling in pregnancy/lactation is reversible, constitutive expression of an active form of RANK is sufficient to drive intestinal expansion followed by loss of villi and stem cells, and prevents the formation of Apcmin-driven small intestinal stem cell tumours. These data identify RANK–RANKL as a pathway that drives intestinal epithelial expansion in pregnancy/lactation, one of the most elusive and fundamental tissue remodelling events in mammalian life history and evolution.
Weather- and climate-driven power supply and demand time series for power and energy system analyses
Authors: Antonini Enrico G. A. , Di Bella Alice , Savelli Iacopo , Drouet Laurent , Tavoni Massimo
Published: December 2024

Reaching net-zero carbon emissions requires large shares of intermittent renewable energy and the electrification of end-use consumption, such as heating, making the future energy system highly dependent on weather variability and climate change. Weather exhibits fluctuations on temporal scales ranging from sub-hourly to yearly while climate variations occur on decadal scales. To investigate the intricate interplay between weather patterns, climate variations, and power systems, we developed a database of time series of wind and solar power generation, hydropower inflow, heating and cooling demand using an internally consistent modeling framework. Here we focused on the European continent and generated country level time series extending between 1940 and 2100. Our database can be used for analyses aimed at understanding and addressing the challenges posed by the evolving energy landscape in the face of deep decarbonization and climate change.
Electron microscopy images and morphometric data of SARS-CoV-2 variants in ultrathin plastic sections
Authors: Hoffmann Tobias , Michel Janine , Nitsche Andreas , Mache Christin , Schulze Jessica , Wolff Thorsten , Laue Michael
Published: December 2024

Conventional thin section electron microscopy of viral pathogens, such as the pandemic SARS-CoV-2, can provide structural information on the virus particle phenotype and its evolution. We recorded about 900 transmission electron microscopy images of different SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Delta (B.1.617.2) and Omicron BA.2 (B.1.1.529) and determined various morphometric parameters, such as maximal diameter and spike number, using a previously published measurement method. The datasets of the evolved virus variants were supplemented with images and measurements of the early SARS-CoV-2 isolates Munich929 and Italy-INMI1 to allow direct comparison. Infected Vero cell cultures were cultivated under comparable conditions to produce the viruses for imaging and morphometric analysis. The images and measurements can be used as a basis to analyse the morphometric changes of further evolving viruses at the particle level or for developing automated image processing workflows and analysis.
Pacific decadal oscillation and ENSO forcings of northerly low-level jets in South America
Authors: Mu Ye , Jones Charles , Carvalho Leila M. V. , Xue Lulin , Liu Changhai , Ding Qinghua
Published: December 2024

The hydrological cycle in South America during austral summer, including extreme precipitation and floods, is significantly influenced by northerly low-level jets (LLJs) along the eastern Andes. These synoptic weather events have been associated with three different types of LLJs (Central, Northern, and Andes) and are sensitive to remote large-scale forcings. This study investigates how tropical forcings related to El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) regulate the duration and frequency of each LLJ type and their impacts on extreme precipitation. Our analysis reveals that ENSO and PDO are important in driving the variability of LLJs over the past 65 years. Specifically, the Central LLJ type is more prevalent during El Niño and Warm/Neutral PDO phases, leading to heightened extreme precipitation in southern South America. Conversely, La Niña years during Cold PDO phases tend to favor the Northern and Andes LLJs, which are associated with increased precipitation extremes in the western Amazon and southeastern South America. Central and Andes LLJs tend to persist longer during these favored conditions, causing more pronounced precipitation events in the areas under their influence. This study enhances our understanding of the influence of large-scale atmospheric forcings on the regional precipitation dynamics in South America.
Detection of divergent Orthohantavirus tulaense provides insight into wide host range and viral evolutionary patterns
Authors: Erdin Mert , Smura Teemu , Kalkan Kursat Kenan , Cetintas Ortac , Cogal Muhsin , Irmak Sercan , Matur Ferhat , Polat Ceylan , Sironen Tarja , Sozen Mustafa , Oktem Ibrahim Mehmet Ali
Published: December 2024

Orthohantavirus tulaense (TULV) is a member of the orthohantavirus genus and distributed in Europe and Asia. To shed light on TULV epidemiology and evolution, we trapped wild rodents from eastern Turkiye and found 15 TULV positive rodents. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses confirmed the presence of diverse TULV strains. Global phylogenetic characterization suggested 5 distinct TULV lineages. Global phylogeographic reconstruction estimated different rooting times for each three segments, a potential ancestor location in Eastern Black Sea region, and strongly supported phylogeographic structure with 11 clusters. Dispersal velocity of TULV was estimated to be much faster than some other orthohantaviruses. Eastern Black Sea seemed to have lineages evolving faster and genetically closer to proto-Tula virus. Host switching estimates suggested potential switching events from Microtus arvalis to M. obscurus to M. irani with host-dependent sub-clustering within geographic clusters and suggested substantial evidence for no clear virus jumps from M. arvalis to M. irani.
The role of excitation vector fields and all-polarisation state control in cavity magnonics
Authors: Joseph Alban , Nair Jayakrishnan M. P. , Smith Mawgan A. , Holland Rory , McLellan Luke J. , Boventer Isabella , Wolz Tim , Bozhko Dmytro A. , Flebus Benedetta , Weides Martin P. , Macêdo Rair
Published: December 2024

Recently the field of cavity magnonics, a field focused on controlling the interaction between magnons and photons confined within microwave resonators, has drawn significant attention as it offers a platform for enabling advancements in quantum- and spin-based technologies. Here, we introduce excitation vector fields, whose polarisation and profile can be easily tuned in a two-port cavity setup, thus acting as an effective experimental dial to explore the coupled dynamics of cavity magnon-polaritons. Moreover, we develop theoretical models that accurately predict and reproduce the experimental results for any polarisation state and field profile within the cavity resonator. This versatile experimental platform offers a new avenue for controlling spin-photon interactions by manipulating the polarisation of excitation fields. By introducing real-time tunable parameters that control the polarisation state, our experiment delivers a mechanism to readily control the exchange of information between hybrid systems.
Mitochondrial dysfunction in acute and post-acute phases of COVID-19 and risk of non-communicable diseases
Authors: Madsen Helena Borland , Durhuus Jon Ambæk , Andersen Ove , Straten Per thor , Rahbech Anne , Desler Claus
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has resulted in widespread morbidity and mortality, with a significant portion of the affected population experiencing long-term health complications. This review explores the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in both the acute and post-acute phases of COVID-19, highlighting its impact on various organs and its potential role in the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). We discuss how SARS-CoV-2 directly affects mitochondrial function and the role of the virus-induced immune response in exacerbating mitochondrial impairment. This review highlights the critical role of mitochondria in COVID-19 pathogenesis and the importance of addressing mitochondrial health to mitigate acute and chronic effects of the disease.
Correction: A bottlebrush-architectured dextran polyprodrug as an acidity-responsive vector for enhanced chemotherapy efficiency
Authors: Zhang Tian , Wang Yajun , Ma Xianbin , Hou Cuilan , Lv Shuangyu , Jia Die , Lu Yi , Xue Peng , Kang Yuejun , Xu Zhigang
Published: December 2024

Correction for ‘A bottlebrush-architectured dextran polyprodrug as an acidity-responsive vector for enhanced chemotherapy efficiency’ by Tian Zhang, et al., Biomater. Sci., 2020, 8, 473–484, https://doi.org/10.1039/C9BM01692A.
Post-synthetic modification of amine-functionalized permanently porous coordination cages
Authors: Hoq Jahidul , Dworzak Michael R. , Dissanayake Duleeka , Skalla Rebecca X. , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Yap Glenn P. A. , Bloch Eric D.
Published: December 2024

This manuscript explores the post-synthetic modification (PSM) of amine-functionalized porous coordination cages, specifically focusing on the formation of imine bonds through reactions with aldehydes.
Expression of hyperconjugative stereoelectronic interactions in borazines
Authors: Wakchaure Vivek Chandrakant , Dosso Jacopo , Crosta Martina , Kählig Hanspeter , Ward Benjamin D. , Bonifazi Davide
Published: December 2024

This paper discusses hyperconjugative stereoelectronic effects in borazines.
Leveraging quinoxaline functionalization for the design of efficient orange/red thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters
Authors: Kothavale Shantaram , Konidena Rajendra Kumar , Lee Hyunjung , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: December 2024

A novel functionalization approach of quinoxaline has been unveiled to develop orange/red thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters by modifying the core with three carbazole donors and one or three cyano acceptors.
An albumin fluorescent sensor array discriminates ochratoxins
Authors: Xu Zhongyong , Zhan Yilin , Zhang Shiwei , Xun Zhiqing , Wang Lei , Chen Xiaoqiang , Liu Bin , Peng Xiaojun
Published: December 2024

A sensor array that can distinguish ochratoxins based on the fluorescence of the albumin–ochratoxin complex has been developed.
Scientific exploration with expert knowledge (SEEK) in autonomous scanning probe microscopy with active learning
Authors: Pratiush Utkarsh , Funakubo Hiroshi , Vasudevan Rama , Kalinin Sergei V. , Liu Yongtao
Published: December 2024

This work introduces a knowledge-informed framework that integrates human expertise and prior interest into active learning-driven autonomous experimentation, which enhances the exploration efficiency through more targeted experimentation.
Ni(ii)-Dithiocarbamate and -diphosphine coordination complexes as pre-catalysts for electrochemical OER activity
Authors: Pal Sarvesh Kumar , Ansari Toufik , Yadav Chote Lal , Singh Nanhai , Lama Prem , Indra Arindam , Kumar Kamlesh
Published: December 2024

Novel cationic heteroleptic Ni(ii) complexes are demonstrated as promising precatalysts in the OER under alkaline conditions and a current density of 10 mA cm−2 has been achieved at a low overpotential of 250 mV in a 1.0 M KOH solution.
Two novel SNS-donor palladium(ii) complexes of benzoxazole and benzothiazole derivatives as potential anticancer agents
Authors: Ma Xiaomeng , Xie Yuting , Tang Jiazhen , Xue Jian , Chen Zhanfen
Published: December 2024

Two novel SNS-donor palladium(ii) complexes of benzoxazole and benzothiazole derivatives display excellent antiproliferative activity against all tested cancer cell lines, particularly human colon cancer HCT-116 cells.
Synthesis, structure, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and visible-light assisted organic reaction studies on A2M2TeB2O10 (A = Ba and Pb; M = Mg, Zn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Fe)
Authors: Shanmugapriya Indrani G. , Sa Shreenibasa , Natarajan Srinivasan
Published: December 2024

Telluroborates, A2M2TeB2O10 (A = Ba, Pb; M = Mg, Zn, Co, Ni and Fe), were investigated towards electrocatalytic water oxidation and visible light-assisted organic reactions.
UTSA-16(Zn) for SO2 detection: elucidating the fluorescence mechanism
Authors: López-Cervantes Valeria B. , Martínez Marco L. , Obeso Juan L. , García-Carvajal Celene , Portillo-Vélez Nora S. , Guzmán-Vargas Ariel , Peralta Ricardo A. , González-Zamora Eduardo , Ibarra Ilich A. , Solis-Ibarra Diego , Woodliffe John Luke , Amador-Sánchez Yoarhy A.
Published: December 2024

In this study, the potential of the metal–organic framework UTSA-16(Zn) as a fluorescence detector for SO2 is explored.
Characterizing airborne nanoparticles in six Chinese cities based on their interactions with natural air ions
Authors: Wu Jin , Wu Hao , Li Yiran , Liu Tingyu , Zheng Mei , Huang Cheng , Zhang Fang , Zhao Jun , Shi Jianwu , Li Xiaoxiao , Liu Yongchun , Yin Rujing , Chen Xiaotong , Zhang Qiang , Hao Jiming , Jiang Jingkun
Published: December 2024

The airborne nanoparticles in six cities were characterized and their interactions with air ions were investigated.
Mn3O4 nanoparticles maintain ROS homeostasis to modulate stomatal aperture to improve cotton drought tolerance
Authors: Li Yanhui , Tao Yunpeng , Xu Wenying , Wu Han , Li Guangjing , Yue Lin , Gu Jiangjiang , Li Fangjun , Wu Honghong , Giraldo Juan Pablo , Li Zhaohu
Published: December 2024

Mn3O4 nanoparticles scavenged accumulated ROS and maintained stomatal aperture, thus improving cotton drought tolerance.
Functional and bioactive properties of chitosan produced from Acheta domesticus with fermentation, enzymatic and microwave-assisted extraction
Authors: Psarianos Marios , Marzban Nader , Ojha Shikha , Schneider Roland , Schlüter Oliver K.
Published: December 2024

Chitin was recovered from crickets with green methods and converted into chitosan that was evaluated as functional and bioactive ingredient.
Ultra-trace elemental determination of Si by means of graphite furnace-atomic absorption spectrometry
Authors: Schulze Annika , von Bremen-Kühne Maximilian , Albert Philipp , Krösche Christoph , Venzago Cornel
Published: December 2024

We present a validated GF-AAS method for ultra-trace Si determination in food simulants, achieving quantification limits of 0.2 μg L− 1 in ethanol and 0.4 μg L−1 in acetic acid, supporting safety standards for dietary supplements and food products.
Interplay of plasmonic and charge transfer effects for ultrasensitive Ag–WO3/TiO2 photonic crystal SERS sensors
Authors: Apostolaki Maria-Athina , Sakellis Elias , Gardelis Spiros , Likodimos Vlassis
Published: December 2024

Cooperative plasmonic, photonic and charge transfer amplification effects in hybrid metal/semiconductor Ag–WO3/TiO2 inverse opal substrates lead to ultrasensitive SERS detection of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid.
Narrowband emission and enhanced stability in top-emitting OLEDs with dual resonant cavities
Authors: He Wei , Sun Qi , Jin Zi-Yi , Zheng Hao-Feng , Sun Shuang-Qiao , Zhou Jun-Gui , Hou Shao-Cong , Xie Yue-Min , Kang Feiyu , Wei Guodan , Fung Man-Keung
Published: December 2024

Inserting a thin LiF layer as the cathode capping layer with a lower refractive index creates dual resonant cavities, enhancing the narrow spectral emission of red, green, and blue TEOLEDs with FWHM values of 14 nm, 10 nm, and 12 nm, respectively.
Toughening hydrogels through a multiscale hydrogen bonding network enabled by saccharides for a bio-machine interface
Authors: Ye Yuhang , Niu Xun , Zheng Kelvin , Wan Zhangmin , Zhang Wucheng , Hua Qi , Zhu Jiaying , Qiu Zhe , Wang Siheng , Liu He , Renneckar Scott , Rojas Orlando , Jiang Feng
Published: December 2024

A saccharide-enabled multiscale hydrogen bonding network significantly enhances the overall performance of hydrogel materials. This versatile approach suits diverse material systems and enables stable bioelectronic interfaces.
TADF-emitting copper(i) and silver(i) complexes featuring intra-ligand charge transfer based on a donor–acceptor–donor ligand
Authors: Wang Xinwei , Li Weijun , Li Xiao , Hou Chenlu , Wei Sanyue , Lei Wenxin , Chen Xu-Lin
Published: December 2024

Cu(i) and Ag(i) complexes emitting thermally activated delayed fluorescence from intra-ligand charge transfer excited states with different energies are investigated.
Concise total synthesis of (±)-applanatumol Y
Authors: Yuan Wan-Ning , Jin Ling-Xin , Luo Song-Juan , Yuan Ming-Wei , Cai Zhao-Nan , Qin Hong-Bo
Published: December 2024

Total synthesis of (±)-applanatumol Y was achieved in 5 steps, featuring a cascade annulation including Michael addition, aldol condensation, and oxy-Michael addition reactions, all promoted by DBU.
Correction: An NNN Pd(ii) pincer complex with 1,1-diaminoazine: a versatile catalyst for acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling reactions
Authors: Wani Aabid A. , Bhujbal Shivkanya Madhavrao , Sherpa Deekey , Kathuria Deepika , Chourasiya Sumit S. , Sahoo Subash C. , Bharatam Prasad V.
Published: December 2024

Correction for ‘An NNN Pd(ii) pincer complex with 1,1-diaminoazine: a versatile catalyst for acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling reactions’ by Aabid A. Wani et al., Org. Biomol. Chem., 2024, https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ob01576b.
A Ni–N–C catalyst for CO2 electroreduction based on the MOF@MOF configuration exhibiting wide active reaction sites
Authors: Jun Chul Hyun , Gudal Chandan Chandru , Prabhakaran Sampath , Mule Anki Reddy , Yoo Pil J. , Kim Do Hwan , Chung Chan-Hwa
Published: December 2024

Decoupling the internal electron transfer space from the external active sites maximizes the reaction while keeping Ni as a single atom. Also, the catalyst core's superhydrophobic characteristics maintain the inner aerophilic environment.
Room-temperature phosphorescence and dual-emission behavior of simple biphenyl derivatives unlocked by intermolecular interactions with cyclic silver pyrazolate
Authors: Olbrykh Arina P. , Tsorieva Alisia V. , Korshunov Vladislav M. , Smol'yakov Alexander F. , Godovikov Ivan A. , Korlykov Alexander A. , Taydakov Ilya V. , Titov Aleksei A. , Filippov Oleg A. , Shubina Elena S.
Published: December 2024

Encapsulation of biphenyl derivatives between cyclic trinuclear silver(i) pyrazolate units unlocks room-temperature phosphorescence and dual emission in the solid state.
A cross-shaped organic framework: a multi-functional template arranging chromophores
Authors: Kroonen Camiel C. E. , D'Addio Adriano , Prescimone Allesandro , Häussinger Daniel , Mayor Marcel
Published: December 2024

The design and synthesis of an easily functionalizable cross-shaped organic framework is presented. The template is bis- and tetra-decorated with achiral chromophores, offering a platform to study fundamental properties such as chirality and FRET.
Photomediated controllable alkylation/nitrosoalkylation of N-heteroaromatics via nucleohomolytic substitution of alkylboronic esters with N-nitrosamines
Authors: Sang Ji-Wei , Zhang Yu , Xia Dingding , Hu Zhimin , Wang Jinxin , Zhang Wei-Dong
Published: December 2024

The development of sustainable late-stage functionalization (LSF) methods has become a focal point of research in the field of organic synthesis.
Versatile photocatalytic activities of indenoquinoxalines for dye reduction, single-crystal nucleation, and MNP formation with iron scrap under sunlight
Authors: Kumari Renu , Singh Man
Published: December 2024

Peculiar features of IQ with Fe scrap forming single crystal depicted with SEM, HR-TEM along MB PCR mechanism of SIQPNO2.
Adsorption kinetics and solubilisation of ciprofloxacin in quaternary ammonium-based surface-active compounds: experimental and computational study
Authors: Bhat Ab Raouf , Patel Rajan
Published: December 2024

Graphical representation of this work.
Molecular mobility of thin films of poly(bisphenol-A carbonate) capped and with one free surface: from bulk-like samples down to the adsorbed layer
Authors: Omar Hassan , Ahmadi Shayan , Szymoniak Paulina , Schönhals Andreas
Published: December 2024

The molecular mobility of thin films of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (PBAC) was systematically investigated using broadband dielectric spectroscopy, employing two distinct electrode configurations.
High-entropy oxide synthesis in concentrated alkaline solutions for plasma-catalytic formaldehyde oxidation
Authors: Liu Xiaodong , Qin Zijie , Jia Rongrong , Shi Liyi , Huang Lei
Published: December 2024

High-concentration NaOH co-precipitation makes high-entropy oxides with high surface area of 173 m2 g−1. Tests show that HEO-10%-400 boosts formaldehyde removal by 59.7%, reduces O3 by 93.1%, and NOx by 91.8% over plasma alone.
Enhancement of electron transfer efficiency in biofuel cell anodes using biocompatible redox-active ferritin and enzyme assemblies
Authors: Chan Jin Gee , Yu Hye Min , Jung Eui Guk , Choi Seung-Kyum , Ko Yongmin , Kwon Cheong Hoon
Published: December 2024

This study improves electron transfer in biofuel cell anodes through a spin coating-assisted layer-by-layer assembly of redox-active ferritin and enzyme, resulting in enhanced current density, stability, and biocompatibility for energy applications.
Iridium-based electrocatalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction toward alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Chen Yaping , Yang Yuyue , Liang Ziheng , Tao Zhanpeng , Ni Qiao , Sun Wenping
Published: December 2024

This review highlights recent advances in Ir-based electrocatalysts based on different design strategies. This review will guide future research in the development of high-performance Ir-based HOR electrocatalysts for AEMFCs.
Feedback-induced phase separation of hollow condensates to create biomimetic membraneless compartments
Authors: Fu Jianmian , Wang Bin , Zhu Weiping , Xu Yufang , Qian Xuhong , Yang Yangyang
Published: December 2024

An artificial microsystem mimicking membraneless microcompartments is developed, which can perform feedback-induced phase separation between microdroplets and hollow condensates.
Complex network control and stability through distributed critic‐based neuro‐fuzzy learning
Authors: Soleimani Javad , Farhangi Reza , Kurt Gunes Karabulut
Published: December 2024

Inspired by advancements in swarm autonomous vehicles and intelligent control systems, this research addresses the issue of frequency synchronization and phase tracking in oscillator networks. A novel distributed consensus protocol and a reinforcement learning algorithm for a multi‐agent network with a leader–follower topology, considering stability conditions, are developed. The critic‐based neuro‐fuzzy learning (CBNFL) method aims to achieve consensus and minimize local tracking errors. Additionally, an explicit synchronization condition for the network using the Lyapunov theorem is derived. Each vehicle tracks its reference phase and frequency. Employing a fuzzy critic to evaluate the current state and generate a stress signal for the controller, the method prompts adaptive parameter adjustments to minimize this signal. The proposed design's versatility and adaptability to various networks demonstrate robustness against dynamic vehicle properties and network parameter uncertainties, ensuring consistent controller performance. This approach exhibits high scalability, accommodating numerous autonomous agents. To validate the proposed learning method's efficacy, numerical simulations are conducted on a network of five oscillators. The outcomes of implementing CBNFL compared with a conventional PI controller underscore the CBNFL method's superior performance and robustness in maintaining network stability and achieving synchronization.
Linear quadratic control and estimation synthesis for multi‐agent systems with application to formation flight
Authors: Lee Hojin , Lee Chanyong , Lee Jusang , Kwon Cheolhyeon
Published: December 2024

This paper concerns the optimality problem of distributed linear quadratic control in a linear stochastic multi‐agent system (MAS). The main challenge stems from MAS network topology that limits access to information from non‐neighbouring agents, imposing structural constraints on the control input space. A distributed control‐estimation synthesis is proposed which circumvents this issue by integrating distributed estimation for each agent into distributed control law. Based on the agents' state estimate information, the distributed control law allows each agent to interact with non‐neighbouring agents, thereby relaxing the structural constraint. Then, the primal optimal distributed control problem is recast to the joint distributed control‐estimation problem whose solution can be obtained through the iterative optimization procedure. The stability of the proposed method is verified and the practical effectiveness is supported by numerical simulations and real‐world experiments with multi‐quadrotor formation flight.
Triple extended coprime array for single‐snapshot DoA estimation
Authors: Long Tianyao , Huang Lei , Li Qiang , Wang Wei
Published: December 2024

The direction‐of‐arrival (DoA) estimation methods based on coprime array (CA) largely rely on having a sufficient number of snapshots. However, under single‐snapshot conditions typical of vehicle‐mounted imaging radar, CA‐based DoA estimation often suffers from ambiguity leakage, resulting in significant degradation in performance. This paper thoroughly analyses the mechanism of ambiguity leakage in CA by re‐deriving the covariance matrix model under single‐snapshot conditions. To suppress the ambiguity leakage, a triple extended coprime array composed of three pairwise coprime sub‐arrays enhanced coprime constraint is designed. Building on this design, a DoA estimation algorithm based on an iterative adaptive approach is proposed. By leveraging the power spectrum distribution from iterative adaptive approach, a reduced‐noise signal is constructed by retaining only the high‐energy components. Next, the noise subspace using a multi‐stage Wiener filter, and finally, achieve super‐resolution DoA estimation through multiple signal classification spectrum analysis.
Maximization utilization of DC‐link voltage in variable flux reluctance machine with field winding driven by single‐leg converter
Authors: Cao Yang , Liu Xu , Li Tianyu , Zhang Xiaotian
Published: December 2024

In order to improve the torque/speed characteristics of the variable flux reluctance machines (VFRMs), an optimal voltage distribution method is proposed to maximize the utilization of the DC‐link voltage. According to the investigation of operating range VFRM driven by single‐leg converter, the optimal armature voltage and the zero‐sequence voltage can be obtained to generate adjustable zero‐sequence current. Thus, the DC‐link voltage utilization and output capacity of VFRM can be significantly improved by optimizing the zero‐sequence current. For verification, the test results on a prototype 6/4 VFRM with single‐leg excitation are presented. The experimental results indicate that, compared with the constant zero‐sequence current control, the DC‐link voltage utilization of the VFRM with proposed method increases by 11.13% together with 36.67% higher output torque at rated speed.
Radial evolution of interplanetary coronal mass ejection-associated particle acceleration observed by Solar Orbiter and ACE
Authors: Walker Malik H. , Allen Robert C. , Li Gang , Ho George C. , Mason Glenn M. , Rodriguez-Pacheco Javier , Wimmer-Schweingruber Robert F. , Kouloumvakos Athanasios
Published: December 2024

On 2022 March 10 a coronal mass ejection erupted from the Sun, resulting in Solar Orbiter observations at 0.45 au of both dispersive solar energetic particles arriving prior to the interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) and locally accelerated particles near the ICME-associated shock structure as it passed the spacecraft on 2022 March 11. This interplanetary shock was later detected on 2022 March 14 by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE), which was radially aligned with Solar Orbiter, at 1 au. Ion composition data from both spacecraft – via the Solar Orbiter Energetic Particle Detector/ Suprathermal Ion Spectrograph (EPD/SIS) and the Ultra Low Energy Isotope Spectrometer (ULEIS) on ACE – allowed for an in-depth analysis of the radial evolution of species-dependent ICME-driven shock-associated acceleration processes for this event. We present a study of the ion spectra observed at 0.45 and 1 au during both the gradual solar energetic particle and energetic storm particle phases of the event. The shapes of the spectra seen at each spacecraft differ significantly, likely due to the varying shock geometry: Solar Orbiter spectra tend to lack spectral breaks, and the higher-energy portions of the ACE spectra have a comparable average flux to the Solar Orbiter spectra. Through an analysis of rigidity effects on the spectral breaks observed by ACE, we conclude that the 1 au observations were largely influenced by a suprathermal pool of He+ ions that were enhanced due to propagation along a stream interaction region that was interacting with the ICME at the times of observation.
Probing the formation of megaparsec-scale giant radio galaxies
Authors: Giri Gourab , Bagchi Joydeep , Thorat Kshitij , Deane Roger P. , Delhaize Jacinta , Saikia Dhruba J.
Published: December 2024

Context. Constituting a relatively small fraction of the extended-jetted population, giant radio galaxies (GRGs) form in a wide range of jet and environment configurations. This observed diversity complicates the identification of the growth factors that facilitate their attainment of megaparsec scales.

Aims. This study aims to numerically investigate the hypothesized formation mechanisms of GRGs extending ≳1 Mpc in order to assess their general applicability.

Methods. We employed tri-axial ambient medium settings to generate varying levels of jet frustration and simulated jets with a low and a high power from different locations in the environment. This approach formulated five representations evolving under a relativistic magnetohydrodynamic framework.

Results. The emergence of distinct giant phases in all five simulated scenarios suggests that GRGs may be more common than previously believed. This prediction can be verified with contemporary and forthcoming radio telescopes. We find that different combinations of jet morphology, power, and evolutionary age of the formed structure hold the potential to elucidate different formation scenarios. In all of these cases, the lobes are overpressured, prompting further investigation into pressure profiles when jet activity ceases, potentially distinguishing between relic and active GRGs. We observed a potential phase transition in GRGs marked by differences in lobe expansion speed and pressure variations compared to their smaller evolutionary phases. This suggests the need for further investigation across a broader parameter space to determine if lobe evolution in GRGs fundamentally differs from smaller radio galaxies. The axial ratio analysis reveals self-similar expansion in rapidly propagating jets, while there is a notable deviation when the jet forms wider lobes. Overall, this study emphasizes that multiple growth factors simultaneously at work can better elucidate the current-day population of GRGs, including scenarios such as the growth of GRGs in dense environments, GRGs extending several megaparsecs, development of GRGs in low-powered jets, and the formation of morphologies such as GRG-XRGs.
Unveiling sunflower morphological and phenological adaptations to drought stress
Authors: Jocković Milan , Jocić Siniša , Cvejić Sandra , Dedić Boško , Jocković Jelena , Ćuk Nemanja , Radanović Aleksandra , Marjanović Jeromela Ana , Miklič Vladimir , Miladinović Dragana
Published: December 2024

Drought stress significantly threatens crop productivity worldwide, requiring a comprehensive understanding of plant adaptations to alleviate its adverse effects. Sunflower, as an important source of edible oil, is greatly affected by drought in different developmental stages. This review investigates the morphological aspects and phenological adaptations of sunflower under drought conditions. Through a detailed description of morphological and phenological changes in sunflower, induced by drought, we aim to unravel the plant’s strategies for coping with water scarcity. In addition, the study describes genetic background of drought tolerance in sunflower, as well as insight about valuable genetic resources. Finally, we have described drought mitigation mechanisms known in sunflower, through morpho-physiological adaptations and agricultural practices which can alleviate the effect of drought. As a future strategy this research emphasizes the importance of genetic diversity in cultivating drought-resilient sunflower, using modern breeding techniques through genomic selection and omic’s technologies as a promising strategy in the face of escalating water limitations and development of drought tolerant and tenacious sunflower.
Praxisanleitung in der Pädiatrie – Teil 2
Authors: Shams Dean
Published: December 2024

Wie gelingt gute Praxisanleitung und welche Besonderheiten gibt es in der Pädiatrie? In dieser und den folgenden Ausgaben stellen wir verschiedene konkrete Anwendungsbeispiele für die praktische Ausbildung vor.
Traumainformierte Pflege – die Eltern im Zentrum
Authors: Baldsiefen Regina
Published: December 2024

Traumainformierte Pflege ergänzt die entwicklungsfördernde und familienintegrierte Pflege und rückt dabei die Eltern ins Zentrum. Das heißt, die Eltern so früh, so nah, so lange wie möglich mit ihrem Kind zusammenzubringen. Und zwar in einer Umgebung und Atmosphäre, die Bindung und Intimität ermöglicht, die Auswirkungen von traumatischen Erfahrungen anerkennt und versucht, sie präventiv zu mildern.
Ausleitende Verfahren als regulativer Reiz bei vegetativer Dystonie
Authors: Schmidt Robert
Published: December 2024

Ausleitende Verfahren wie Schröpfen, Aderlass oder Heilfasten werden in der Naturheilkunde als regulative Reize eingesetzt, um das Gleichgewicht im vegetativen Nervensystem zu unterstützen. Bei vegetativer Dystonie, die sich durch Symptome wie Müdigkeit, Schlafstörungen und emotionale Instabilität äußern kann, zielen diese Methoden darauf ab, die Selbstregulationsfähigkeit des Körpers zu aktivieren. Durch gezielte Stimulation bestimmter Körperregionen oder die Förderung von Entgiftungsprozessen sollen Blockaden gelöst und der Energiefluss verbessert werden. Diese Verfahren können dazu beitragen, Stress abzubauen, das Gleichgewicht zwischen parasympathischem und sympathischem Nervensystem wieder herzustellen und so das allgemeine Wohlbefinden zu steigern. Es ist jedoch wichtig, ausleitende Therapien unter fachkundiger Anleitung durchzuführen und sie als Teil eines umfassenden Behandlungskonzepts zu betrachten, um optimale Ergebnisse zu erzielen.
Hydrotherapie und vegetatives Nervensystem
Authors: Brenke Rainer
Published: December 2024

Die einfachen naturheilkundlichen Therapieverfahren sind – abgesehen von der Bewegungstherapie –
weitgehend aus dem Denken und Behandlungsspektrum der Ärzteschaft verschwunden, denn „passive“ Verfahren
gelten zu Unrecht als nicht mehr zeitgemäß. Es wäre zu begrüßen, wenn auch die hydro- bzw.
thermotherapeutischen Verfahren wieder vermehrt in das Behandlungsspektrum der modernen Medizin
integriert würden. Hydrotherapie, die Anwendung von Wasser zu therapeutischen Zwecken, hat eine lange
Tradition in der Gesundheitsförderung und Rehabilitation. Sie nutzt die physikalischen Eigenschaften von
Wasser, wie Temperatur, Druck und Dichte, um das Wohlbefinden zu steigern und verschiedene Beschwerden zu
lindern. Ein besonders interessanter Aspekt der Hydrotherapie ist ihre Wechselwirkung mit dem vegetativen
Nervensystem, das für die Regulation unwillkürlicher Körperfunktionen verantwortlich ist. Durch gezielte
Wasseranwendungen können sowohl der Sympathikus als auch der Parasympathikus beeinflusst werden, was zu
einer Harmonisierung des Nervensystems führt. Diese Balance kann Stress abbauen, die Entspannung fördern
und die allgemeine Lebensqualität verbessern. Der Beitrag beleuchtet die Zusammenhänge näher.