bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Microstructure Evolution during Thermal Aging of Fe-Cu Alloys
Authors: Zhao Jiu Zhou , Wang Qing Liang
Published: March 2012

Aging of Fe-Cu alloys or steels containing copper may result in the formation of the dispersion of nanometric precipitates in the matrix and, thus, causes a great increase in the strength of the alloys. A model is developed describing the aging process of Fe-Cu alloys. The model is first satisfactorily verified by comparing with the reported experimental results, and then applied to calculate the microstructure evolution during aging a Cu-Fe alloy. The numerical results demonstrate that the nucleation of the precipitates occurs after a period of incubation. Since that time on the microstructure evolution is the result of the concurrent action of nucleation, growth/shrinkage and structural transformation of the precipitates. In the late stage of aging almost all the precipitates are of 9R structure. The mean particle radius varies linearly with the cube root of time
Semantic Tags and Neutral Network Based Personalized Advertisement Recommendation System for Movies
Authors: Du Wei , Chen Jun Liang
Published: March 2012

With the rapid development of information especially internet technology, people have to choose the most suitable goods without any experience, so the recommendation system is seriously required. Yet no research on advertisement recommendation system for movie play is presented. Regarding this problem, the paper introduces the theory of semantic computing and annotates the semantic tags from the movie slices and the candidate advertisements, the potential preferences on them are predicted with neutral network model trained by some data set predefined. The user preference model and the predicting workflow are described in detail. Finally, the MovieLens dataset is employed to validate the validity of the system designed. The results of simulation experiments prove that the technology proposed can not only satisfy the requirement of matched advertisement recommendation but also outperform the traditional collaborative filtering algorithm.
Dilution Control by Advanced Submerged Arc Welding
Authors: Shukla Dinesh Kumar , Pandey Sunil
Published: March 2012

Dilution is a vital element in surfacing and depends on the difference in chemical composition between the weld and the parent metal, the welding process and the technique used. Metal surfacing is becoming the natural choice for reducing the consumption of expensive raw materials, processing cost and proper resource utilization. Mechanical as well as the metallurgical properties are greatly influenced by the degree of dilution. The advanced submerged arc welding (ASAW) process controls the response parameters independently and breaks the fixed relationship between the wire feed rate (W) and the welding current (I). A study was conducted to investigate the effect of process variables on the dilution during the process. The preheating of the electrode wire used in Submerged Arc Welding process (SAW) for surfacing application was done with the modification in the existing setup. Stainless steel 308L electrode wire was used on mild steel substrate to study the effect of preheating on the dilution. The results show that ASAW process controls and significantly reduces the percent dilution as compared with the conventional SAW process. ASAW process reduces the heat input, use of consumables and increased productivity, is the added advantages over the conventional process.
Optimal Path Planning of an Autonomous Mobile Robot Using Genetic Algorithm
Authors: Vasu V. , Kumar K. Jyothi
Published: March 2012

An autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) is a machine able to extract information from its environment and move in a meaningful and purposeful manner. Robot Navigation and Obstacle avoidance are the most important problems in mobile robots. In the past, a number of soft computing algorithms have been designed by many researchers for robot navigation problems but very few are actually implementable because they haven’t considered robot size as parameter. This paper presents software simulation and hardware implementation of navigation of a mobile robot avoiding obstacles and selecting optimal path in a static environment using evolution based Genetic algorithms with robot size as a parameter in fitness function.
Online Trajectory Generation of a 2 Link Robot in Presence of Obstacle
Authors: Abardeh Mahdi Esmaeilzadeh , Akbarzadeh Alireza
Published: March 2012

Online coordination of multiple robots working on a single workstation requires special attention. In these applications it is generally necessary that the robot arm follow a desired path in workspace so that it does not crash with any obstacle or the other robots. In this paper a two link planar robot crossing a rectangular obstacle is considered. The proposed idea is to define the relationship between obstacle's dimensions and the required joints trajectories parameters which allow the robot to reach its destination in the presence of an obstacle. First, the desired path for robot avoiding the obstacle is defined using a fourth degree polynomial. Corresponding robot joints trajectories are defined using a sinusoidal function with four parameters. Next, Design of Experiments (DOE) technique is utilized. Three levels for width and length of the obstacle are used as input and a full factorial DOE with nine experiments is defined. Instead of using the inverse kinematics, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to obtain parameters of the robot joint sinusoidal functions. A second degree regression is used to obtain the relationship between each of the four sinusoidal function parameters and the obstacle dimensions. The obtained regression equations allow online changes to the trajectory as obstacle dimensions change. Four case studies, different obstacle dimensions, are simulated using the two link robot. The results show that using the obtained relationships the robot reaches its desired destination, with high accuracy, while avoiding the obstacles.
Analysis of Surface Rolling Process Impact on Crankshaft Fatigue Strength
Authors: Chen Xiao Ping , Hu Ru Fu
Published: March 2012

In this paper, the fatigue comparative test includes two groups of crankshafts, one group with surface rolling process and the other not, has been finished. And the test results are analyzed. The parent standard deviation test shows that there is not effect of surface rolling process impact on the uniformity of crankshaft fatigue strength. But it is sure that there is the impact of surface rolling process impact on the average of crankshaft fatigue strength by the average maternal test. So the surface rolling process can be used to improve crankshaft fatigue strength.
Effect of Ply Thickness on Displacements and Stresses in Laminated GFRP Cylinder Subjected to Radial Load
Authors: Teshnizi S.H. Sharifi , Koloor S.S.R. , Sharifishourabi G. , Ayob Amran , Yazid Yahya Mohd
Published: March 2012

The superior feature of composites such as high stiffness against low density have impelled engineers to use this material in automotive, aerospace and building industries. In the past few decades, composites shell has found applications in storage tanks and transmission pipelines. Designing laminated composite shells is challenging because of the complex mechanical behavior when combining laminate and shell theories. In this paper, the study is focused on the effect of lamina thickness on performance of the GFRP cylinder. For this purpose two 12-ply GFRP cylinders are considered with ply sequences of [0/90/45]s. The lamina thicknesses of the composite shell are assumed to be 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mm, to evaluation of the mechanical behaviors of the cylinders and identifying one with the highest strength. The 250 mm diameter cylinders are subjected to a uniform radial patch load. A code is written for the solution based on the shell theory and classical mechanics of laminated composite using MATLAB software. The results are validated by comparing the present results with those found in literature. A good correlation justifies the study being extended to include the study on the effect of ply and shell thickness. The procedure is recommended for design and optimization for strength of various sizes of composite pipes
Effect of Curvature and Thickness of Aluminum Shells on the Energy Absorption in Low Velocity Impact
Authors: Hassan M.A. , Abdul Shukor Mohd Hamdi , Naderi Sadjad , Zahedi F.
Published: March 2012

The objective of this study is to investigate the behavior of Aluminum shells AA5083-H116 under low energy impact and the effects of curvature and thickness were assessed under different impact velocities (5.6, 7.5, 9.5, 11.5 m/s). LS-DYNA software was used to evaluate the amount of absorbed energy by the Aluminum shell during impact under different curvature parameter c. The results showed that the amount of absorbed energy incereases with increasing curvature in a linear relationship which make it possible to predict the amount of absorbed energy for this aluminum alloy under different impact energy. Aslo, the amount of absorbed energy has a direct linear relation with the rise of impact energy. The slopes of curves for absorbed energy with respect to the imapct energy are similar for all curvatures. Shell thickness has inverse effect on the amount of absorbed energy and the relation shows similar ternds with diffrent curvatures. However thick shells show significant increase in maximum force and better stability in the dynamic behavior with less fluctuations in the impact force as the cuvature increases.
A Model for IT/IS Project Portfolio Selection in the Presence of Uncertainty: Combination of Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making and Fuzzy Mathematical Programming
Authors: Sadeghi Reihaneh Amel , Seifbarghy Mehdi
Published: March 2012

IT/IS represents a substantial ﬁnancial investment for many organizations. Making IT project portfolio decision is difficult, because long lead times of IT project and market and technology dynamics lead to unavailable and unreliable collected data for portfolio management. This uncertainty has been modeled using fuzzy concepts. We need a collective model that will help decision-makers evaluate potential new investment projects in an easy, cost-eﬀective, and collective manner. Hence, we propose a new approach based on the fuzzy multi-criteria decision model (FMCDM) and a fuzzy binary multi-objective linear programming model, featuring a 2-stage evaluation and selection process with 19 criteria for IT/IS investment. At the first stage, evaluation, all stakeholders in a corporation can decide the relative weights they give to the criteria when they evaluate a new IT/IS project by using linguistic values. Experts can also use linguistic values to evaluate all candidates easily. Only an Excel worksheet is needed to obtain an evaluation result. The results of FMCDM of the aforementioned are treated as input of a fuzzy binary mathematical programming model as coefficients of objective functions, which is the second stage of the proposed model. In the second stage, selection, we have developed a fuzzy binary mathematical programming model in order to find an optimum combination of investment portfolio considering a multi-objective measurement function in three ways: to maximize the benefit, to maximize the confidence level and to minimize the cost of projects in a complete ambiguous condition, when their initial investment costs, profits, confidence levels, resource requirements and total available budgets are assumed to be uncertain. We solve it in Lingo 10.0 through a Branch and Bound algorithm. In this paper, for the first time we have developed a model for IT/IS project portfolio selection in presence of uncertainty that is combination of fuzzy multi-criteria decision making and fuzzy mathematical programming with 19 criteria that is compatible with the nature of IT projects. We conduct a case study to show how this model can be used and discuss the results.
Natural Dyeing of Wood Fibers for Green Biocomposites
Authors: Wiriya-Amornchai Atiwat , Hongsriphan Nattakarn , Pattanatabutr Pajeara
Published: March 2012

In this study, the mechanical and thermal properties of green biocomposites adding natural dye were investigated by tensile test and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Poly(lactic acid), one of biodegradable polymers recently been interested for replacing petroleum-based polymers, was compounded with wood fibers to produce biocomposite, and natural dyes were introduced to improve appearance of biocomposite. Pine wood fibers were dyed with three types of natural dyes; yellow color from heartwood of Jackfruit tree, red color from Sappan wood, and blue color from Indigo blue. Prior compounding, original and dyed wood fibers were treated with silane to improve compatibility between wood fiber and polymer matrix. It is found that %crystallinity of alkali-treated and natural dyed wood/PLA biocomposites were significantly higher than original wood/PLA biocomposites. The modulus and tensile strength of natural dyed wood poly (lactic acid) composites were in the same level of alkali-treated wood composites; however, elongation at break was improved by natural dye.
Surface Modified CaCO3 Nanoparticles with Silica via Sol-Gel Process Using in Poly(lactic acid) Nanocomposite
Authors: Nekhamanurak Bawornkit , Patanathabutr Pajaera , Hongsriphan Nattakarn
Published: March 2012

The goal of this work is to modify surface of calcium carbonate nanoparticles with silica (CaCO3@SiO2) via sol-gel process, and to investigate the influence of CaCO3@SiO2 on mechanical properties and fracture behavior of poly(lactic acid) nanocomposite. Modified CaCO3@SiO2 nanoparticles were prepared with different Si/Ca ratios. It is found that the Si:Ca wt% ratio was increased with respect to the Si:Ca mole ratio used in the reaction. Incorporating CaCO3@SiO2 of 5 wt% increased elastic modulus, %elongation at break and notched impact strength of PLA nanocomposites, which these properties of CaCO3@SiO2-PLA nanocomposite was increased with respect to increasing of SiO2 content on the surface of CaCO3 nano-particles. This implies that better compatibility between polymer matrix and filler was achieved after modification surface of CaCO3 with SiO2 layers.
Building Factor of Grain-Oriented Silicon Iron (3% SiFe) with Different Thickness on 100kVA Three Phase Distribution Transformer Core
Authors: Ashbahani N. , Daut I. , Yusoff Mohd Irwan
Published: March 2012

The power loss in laminated transformer cores is always greater than the nominal loss of the electrical steel laminations, by a factor known as the building factor. This paper discussed result of an investigation towards the effect of using two different Grain-Oriented Silicon Iron (3%SiFe) materials to the 100kVA three phase distribution transformer. The thicknesses of the material that have been used in this research are 0.23mm and 0.27mm. The transformer core will be assembled with 60o T-joint with 5mm mitred corner overlap length. Power loss has been measured using no-load test with 29 layer of lamination while nominal loss measured using Epstein test frame. At the operation mode flux density, 1.5T, the building factor of the transformer model core material with 0.23mm thickness is 1.219 while with the building factor for 0.27mm thickness is 1.250. This shows that thinner transformer core lamination is better than the other one by 2.5% during operation mode.
Effect of Silica Sources on Synthesis of Alumina-Mullite-Silicon Carbide Composite
Authors: Sutham Niyomwas
Published: March 2012

Synthesis of alumina-mullite-silicon carbide composite (Al2O3-Al6Si2O13-SiCw) was obtained in situ by carbothermal reduction of a mixture of kaolin and two different silica sources. The carbothermal reduction was carried out in a horizontal tube furnace under flow of argon gas. The synthesized products were mixtures of alumina, mullite and silicon carbide in the form of whiskers. The effects of adding two different silica sources of rice husk ash and silica powder to the mixture of kaolin and activated carbon were investigated. XRD and SEM analyses indicate complete reaction of precursors to yield Al2O3-Al6Si2O13-SiC as product powders, with the SiC having whisker morphology.
Effects of Carbon Nanotube on Tensile and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of NR/SBR and NR/XSBR Nanocomposites Prepared by Latex Compounding
Authors: Boonmahitthisud Anyaporn , Chuayjuljit Saowaroj
Published: March 2012

In this study, natural rubber/styrene butadiene rubber (NR/SBR) and NR/carboxylated styrene butadiene rubber (NR/XSBR) nanocomposites with carbon nanotube (CNT) were prepared by a latex compounding method. The dry weight ratio of either NR/SBR or NR/XSBR was fixed to 80/20 and the CNT loading in each blend was varied from 0.1 to 0.4 phr. The nanocomposite latices were cast into sheets on a glass mold and then cured at 80°C for 3 h. The tensile properties (tensile strength, modulus at 300% strain, elongation at break) and dynamic mechanical properties (storage modulus, loss tangent) of the vulcanizates were then evaluated. The results showed that the addition of CNT at a very loading could enhance the tensile strength, modulus at 300% strain and storage modulus of these two rubber bends in a dose dependent manner, except that the tensile strength peaked at an optimum filler level, declining at higher filler loadings, whilst the elongation at break deteriorated. Moreover, the tensile strength and modulus at 300% strain of the NR/XSBR nanocomposites appeared to be higher than those of the NR/SBR nanocomposites at the same CNT loadings.
Evaluation of Damping for Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials
Authors: Kumar Pramod
Published: March 2012

A structural composite is a material system consisting of two or more phases on macroscopic scale whose mechanical performance and properties are designed to be superior to those of the constituent materials acting independently. One of the phases is stiffer and stronger and is called reinforcement and less stiff and weaker phase is known as matrix. This paper presents an experimental analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the unidirectional fiber composite as functions of fiber orientation, temperature, frequency and ramp rate. Dynamic characteristics of glass fiber composite are measured using dynamic machine analyzer (Triton 2000) in three point flexure bending. Micromechanical finite element model is modeled in NISA FEM software and damping of composite material is predicted and results are compared with experimental result.
Effect of Electromagnetic Vibration on the Rheological Properties of HDPE/UHMWPE Blends and the Properties of the Blown Films
Authors: Liu Cai Jun , Zuo Jian Dong
Published: March 2012

The effect of electromagnetism on the shear rate and the apparent viscosity of the high density polyethylene/ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (HDPE/UHMWPE) blends are carried out by the different processing ways of the vibration capillary rheology, which is to be discussed. The mechanical properties and surface of blown films and the blend DSC curves of the of the vibration extruder are also to be discussed. The results show that the effect of vibration on the viscosity of the blends by direct blending was prominent. The mechanical properties and surface of the blown films made under the vibration state are much better than those under the static state.
Heating Effect on the Qualities of Cr-Zr-N Thin Films by Increasing in Zr Sputtering Current
Authors: Chantharangsi Chirawat , Denchitcharoen Somyod , Chaiyakun Surasing , Limsuwan Pichet
Published: March 2012

Chromium zirconium nitride (Cr-Zr-N) thin films have been prepared by reactive dc closed field unbalanced magnetron co-sputtering on Si (100) wafers without external heating and voltage biasing. Heating effect on chemical composition, microstructure, and adhesion of the films by increasing in Zr sputtering current was investigated by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The results suggested that heating in the film and substrate during the deposition with high Zr target current was caused by bombarding the growing film with high energetic particles. From EDX analysis, the decrease of N content could be an effect of nitrogen desorption caused by heating and bombarding of high energetic particles. FE-SEM cross-sectional morphology revealed that grain refinement by Zr addition and high atomic diffusivity on both surface and bulk by heating and bombarding of high energetic particles resulted in denser fibrous grain microstructure. However, the increase of Zr target current leaded to the film with high compressive stress and could affect the film adhesion.
Utilization of Microcrystalline Cellulose Prepared from Cotton Waste as Reinforcement in Polypropylene Composites
Authors: Chuayjuljit Saowaroj , Palasuth Korkaew
Published: March 2012

To obtain polypropylene/microcrystalline cellulose (PP/MCC) composites, PP was melt mixed with three loadings (5, 10 and 15 phr) of MCC prepared by hydrolyzing cotton waste with hydrochloric acid. The prepared MCC was characterized for its crystal structure, particle size, thermal stability and morphology. The tensile properties and thermal stability of PP/MCC composites with and without maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene (MAPP) compatibilizer were investigated using the universal testing machine and thermogravimetric analyzer, respectively. The obtained results showed that the tensile strength, Young’s modulus and thermal stability of the composites were enhanced in a dose dependent manner, whilst the elongation at break was deteriorated with increasing MCC loadings, as compared with the neat PP. However, these properties were all improved with the addition of MAPP into the composites. This work showed that MCC and MAPP could be effectively used as reinforcing agent and compatibilizer, respectively in the PP matrix.
Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm with Random Perturbation around Convergence Center
Authors: Xiong Wei Li , Liu Deng Feng , Zhao Jing Jing , Xu Bao Guo
Published: March 2012

A new modified strategy is proposed based on the analysis of convergence of particle swarm optimization (PSO). Each particle is manipulated by its convergence center, and then randomly perturbed around it. Some mutation operators are used to retain diversity of population and avoid being plunged to local optimum. Moreover, theoretical analysis has been made to prove that it can more easily converge to the global optimum. Experiment results show that it is superior to basic particle swarm optimization in quality and efficiency.
Numerical Analysis on Superplastic Forming of Friction Stir Welded AA6061-T6 Alloy Sheet
Authors: Ganesh P. , Senthil Kumar V.S.
Published: March 2012

The friction stir welded superplastic forming of AA6061-T6 sheet has been numerically analyzed based on the experimental and finite element software. A selected range of tool rotating speeds of 500, 1000 and 2000 rpm was used for friction stir welding. At constant temperature of 550O C and constant pressure of 0.4 Mpa, superplastic forming experiments was performed using free forming die for the friction stir welded sheets. A detailed 3D element type study has been performed in the finite element analysis. The proposed finite element model has been validated in comparison with experimental data. The results are found to have reasonably good agreement between simulations and experiment. The effect of constant pressure, coefficient of friction, strainrate and strain-rate sensitivity has been studied using the proposed finite element model.
Flexible Polyurethane Foams Filled with Coconut Coir Fibres and Recycled Tyre - Part I: Production and Morphology
Authors: Shan Chan Wen , Idris Maizlinda Izwana , Ghazali Imran H.
Published: March 2012

In this paper, the use of waste and recycled materials that is coconut coir fibres and recycled tyre particles, as fillers filled in flexible polyurethane (PU) foams were studied and analyzed. The composites developed were aimed to use in cushioning applications. There are five different types of free-rise filled-foams were produced by one-shot method. The thermal analysis indicated that it is possible to added coir fibre and recycled tyre to PU formation since they have high thermal stability; 250°C for organic compounds in coir and 350°C for rubber elements in tyre. Through many trials in production, the filled-foams were decided to fabricate with 2.5wt% filler content. The low loading fraction was found causes by effect of fillers to foaming ability as well as foaming rate due to the viscosity created. Besides, the results of morphology studied revealed that filled-foams having cellular structures of possess smaller cell sizes and higher cell densities. The mean cell size of flexible PU filled with 2.5wt% (80P20F) is 23.785% lower than the pure foam
Research on Opportunistic Beamforming Technology in Sparse Network
Authors: Xu Lei , Jiang Quan Sheng , Yang Han Sheng
Published: March 2012

In this work, an opportunistic beamforming method combined with OFDM technology is proposed to solve the mismatchment of channel beam-forming matrix and vector-matrix in sparse network. Firstly, introduce a two-stage framework, as scheduling and ultimately beamforming, propose beam power control techniques that do not change the direction of the second-stage beams. Then we adapt this scheme to the multi-carrier scenario, such as OFDM systems, in order to improve the whole system’s performance. Simulation results show that this two-stage OBF adjoined to beam power control techniques scheme can improve the total throughput in sparse network system.
Numerical Study on Impact Response of Aircraft Sandwich Wing Made of Fiber-Metal Laminate Face-Sheets Subjected to Bird Strike
Authors: Khalili S.M.R. , Assar M. , Farsani R. Eslami , Hajiyousefi I.
Published: March 2012

Aircraft structures are frequently subjected to impacts from objects such as runway debris and birds. In new aircraft structural design, Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLs) play a significant role due to their excellent mechanical properties, particularly the impact properties. In this study, the aircraft sandwich wing with FML face-sheets are analyzed by finite element model for simulating the bird strike. The numerical simulations of bird strike impact are performed adopting a lagrangian approach to design the wing by MSC/PATRAN FE code. The numerical obtained results are compared with the results in the literature for validation of the model. The effect of fiber orientations, fiber types, metal types in FML face sheets in sandwich wing on impact responses are investigated. The impact responses are illustrated by displacement history, contact force history and energy absorption. According to these results, the sandwich panel with FML skin is suitable structure for energy absorption (that is the most important factor in impact phenomena). The lay-ups with titanium metal layer with aramid fibers are the best.
Effect of Process Parameters in Electric Discharge Machining of Ti-6Al–4V Alloy by Three Different Tool Electrode Materials
Authors: Kuttuboina Manoj Kumar , Uthirapathi A. , Lenin Singaravelu D.
Published: March 2012

The effect of process parameters namely peak current, pulse on time and flushing pressure on electrical discharge machining (EDM) of titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–4V) were investigated by using three different tool electrode materials namely copper, brass, and aluminium. Kerosene is used as dielectric. The process parameters for machining Ti6Al4V are varied at three levels by using Taguchi's orthogonal array table. The responses such as Metal Removal Rate (MRR), Tool Wear Rate (TWR), and Surface Roughness (SR) are measured and the most significant parameter was confirmed by ANOVA (Analysis Of Variance). The test result shows that copper electrode material possesses higher MRR, less TWR as compared to brass and aluminium. Brass and copper tools has good surface finish as compared with aluminium. The finest electrode material for machining of Ti6Al4V alpha beta alloy in EDM process was in the order of copper, brass and aluminium.
The Application of the Combinatorial and Optimal Networks on the Prediction of the Consumer Price Index
Authors: Luo Fang Qiong , Huang Sheng Zhong
Published: March 2012

Consumer price index (CPI) was a main scientific ground for manager to put forward price policy, wage policy, and national economy development strategy. A lot of study and prediction were carried out for CPI by many scientists, and corresponding achievement was obtained. However, the simple network was applied to the past perdition methods, and the prediction results was not good. The prediction method based on the combinatorial and optimal networks of BP network, Elman network, RBF network and GRNN network was established and applied to the prediction of consumer price index. The simulation results showed that the effect of the combinatorial and optimal method was better than that of single method.
Hydration Dehydration Effect on Morphology and Basic Strength of Nano-Calcium Oxide
Authors: Yacob Abdul Rahim , Sulaiman Nur Fatin
Published: March 2012

Recently, attention has been given to base heterogeneous catalysis reactions and have attracted broad field of scientific researches. Alkaline earth metal oxide calcium oxide (CaO) having rock salt crystal structure, with surface defect and cavities are important for their basic catalytic reactivity. In this study CaO with high surface area and at nano level was prepared by hydration-dehydration method, calcined at various temperatures and of high vacuum of 10-3 mbar. The effect of thermal decomposition of the samples towards the morphology and chemical reactivity was characterized using Thermogravimetry-Derivative Thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) analysis, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM). The effect of hydration-dehydration on the basic strength was then analysed using back titration method. It was found, by increasing the calcinations temperature, the morphology of nano CaO changes from hexagonal to cubic. The basic strength, on the other is doubled compared to the CaO commercially available.
Strategies and Suggestions to Utilize Biomass Energy in Rural Areas of Chongqing
Authors: Xiong Wen Qiang , Yong Gang
Published: March 2012

Biomass energy is a typical renewable energy. It is of great significance to develop and utilize biomass as it can solve the problems of rural energy, ease pressure on the environment and implement the strategy of sustainable development. Abundant biomass energy can be found in rural areas of Chongqing, but its use is still in the initial development stage. Chongqing rural energy structure is based on the original straw and firewood, whose combustion is direct and has low thermal efficiency. This paper gives some strategies and suggestions on the use of biomass energy in rural area of Chongqing.
LabVIEW-Based Parallel Optimization of Networked Virtual Test System in Multi-Core Processor Environment
Authors: Cai Gong Xuan , Yan Bing Yi
Published: March 2012

This thesis analyses the construction mode and the software structure of networked virtual test system, explores the parallel optimization of networked virtual test in multi-core processor environment as well as carries out analysis and researches on parallel algorithm based on LabVIEW and shows the design method and realization process based on LabVIEW parallel system by illustrations. It has been shown by practice that the signal processing capabilities of the parallel virtual networked test system has been effectively improved in the multi-core processor environment.
Lube Intelligent Diagnosis System Combining Bayesian and BP Network Based on IOT Technology
Authors: Pan Tie Jun , Zheng Lei Na , Li Cheng Qing
Published: March 2012

The existing industrial lubrication depend on experience judgment, off-line inspection and regular oil change, whose maintenance requires rich personnel experience and still always have many errors. Line monitoring and quality diagnosis for industrial lube were studied to establish the distributed the online monitoring system based on hierarchical structure, information fusion diagnostic system based on Bayesian network and BP neural network. The filtering system for industrial lube has been developed to achieve unattended, automatic operation purposes, and trialed in the metallurgical industry. The results show monitoring data is stable, reliable, and the problem of high water content of lube in the steel industry is solved. At the same time, lube filtering is transformed from the traditional blind continuous filtering to real-time targeted filtering. In the premise of guaranteeing the lube quality, the system can save electricity more than 30%.
Application of Simulation Technology in MCU System Development
Authors: Zhao Xue Mei
Published: March 2012

Single-chip technology has been applied more widely, It has played a very important role in industrial production. Simulation technology has been used for single-chip system development, It can improve the development efficiency, reduce costs, This has been attached great importance to the general developer. This paper describes a single-chip emulation system should have the function, To the widely used Proteus, keil simulation software as an example, Through application examples, the paper describes application of simulation technology in MCU system development. It includes simulation of the hardware design of application systems, Simulation of software design, Proteus and keil is been set of online.
Implementation and Analysis of the File System Based on Metadata Dynamic Hashing
Authors: Ma Si , Cai Tao , Zhan Yong Zhao
Published: March 2012

Metadata management algorithm plays an important role in file system performance and file system is the most common way of data accessing in mass storage systems, so metadata management algorithm is very important for the performance of mass storage system. In this paper we analyze current metadata management algorithms and bring in the metadata dynamic hashing algorithm to solve the problem of poor adaptability of them. We realize the prototype on Lustre. After testing system performance with common tools by adjusting the several parameters’ value of metadata dynamic hashing algorithm, we find that performance of the prototype I/O is superior to Lustre. Furthermore, we analyze impacts of the parameters of dynamic hashing function on I/O performance of prototype
Analog Circuit Fault Diagnosis Using LDA and OAOSVM Approach
Authors: Guo Ke , Zhu Yi , San Ye
Published: March 2012

Fault diagnosis of analog circuits is essential for guaranteeing the reliability and maintainability of electronic systems. Analog circuit fault diagnosis can be regarded as a pattern recognition issue and addressed by Multi-class SVM. A novel diagnosis technique based on linear discriminant analysis and one-against-one SVM is proposed in the paper. In order to obtain a good SVM-based fault classifier, the linear discriminant analysis technique is adopted to capture the major fault features. The extracted fault features are then used as the inputs of one-against-one SVMs to solve fault diagnosis issue. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by the experimental results.
Gray Correlation Analysis of Human Factors for Unsafe Events in Air Traffic Control
Authors: Tang Wei Zhen
Published: March 2012

This thesis demonstrates a systematical analysis of factors resulting in unsafe events in air traffic control with gray correlation method. According to the case study of one ATM Bureau from 2004 to 2008, most of the human factors are attributed to communication problems between pilots and controllers. Therefore, this research is of great practical significance in improving and perfecting the safety management of air traffic control system.
Fractional-Order PID Controller of a Heating-Furnace System
Authors: Wang Yan Mei , Liu Yi Jie , Zhu Rui , Zhang Yan Zhu
Published: March 2012

This paper discusses the fractional-order controller of heating-furnace system, a new PID controller of heating-furnace system based on fractional calculus will be considered. Classical PID control method is also studied. Then, this paper presents the fractional-order PID control method based on integer-order model of heating-furnace system. Meanwhile, simulation study is done. Comparing the control methods and strategies of integer order model of the heating-furnace system, a conclusion is drawn that PID control based on fractional calculus is much more complex than that of integer order controller. Numerical simulations are used to illustrate the improvements of the proposed controller for the integer-order heating-furnace systems.
Distributed Power Control for Cognitive Satellite Networks
Authors: Wang Li Na , Wang Bing
Published: March 2012

In this paper, we considered the problem of distributed power control for cognitive satellite networks. We defined a utility function that measures the user’s satisfaction, as a function of signal to interference plus noise ratio. And then a distributed power control algorithm was proposed based on the defined utility function. This algorithm can guarantee the protection of the primary user and meet quality of service requirements of the cognitive users. Simulation results show the performance of the proposed power control algorithm.
Integral Algorithm for Generating Anti-Aliasing Circle Based on Bresenham Algorithm
Authors: Fu Bo Wen , Niu Lian Qiang
Published: March 2012

For generating anti-aliasing circle with a high speed and a simple manner, an algorithm which uses only integral operation to convert gray levels of pixels based on modified Bresenham Algorithm is presented. According to the decision parameter established in Bresenham algorithm, the algorithm generated the accurate distances between candidate points and true curve, abandoned the higher-order epsilon with litter effect, and used look-up table or range binary search to calculate the gray levels of the nearest pixels. The new algorithm only modified the local structure of the original algorithm and can generate smooth circle rapidly because of simple structure and only integer operation employed in it. Besides, the new algorithm makes the basic generating algorithm and anti-aliased drawing algorithm can be easily generated under the same framework.
A Dynamic Data Fragmentation and Distribution Strategy for Main-Memory Database Cluster
Authors: Hung Tran Van , Huang Chuan He
Published: March 2012

MMDB cluster system is a memory optimized relation database that implements on cluster computing platform, provides applications with extremely fast response time and very high throughput as required by many applications in a wide range of industries. Here, a new dynamic fragment allocation algorithm (DFAPR) in Partially Replicated allocation scenario is proposed. This algorithm reallocates data with respect to changing data access pattern for each fragment in which data is maintained in current site, migrated or created new replicas on remote sites depend on accessing frequency and average response time. At last, the simulation results show that the DFAPR is suitable for MMDB cluster because it provides a better response time and maximize the locality of processing so it could be developed parallel processing of MMDB in cluster environment.
Analysis of Bit Loading Algorithms in OFDM System
Authors: Yu Yue Qing , Yuan Hua , Fan Feng Yong
Published: March 2012

How to allocate the numbers of transmitted bits to the sub carriers in OFDM system is studied in this article. Among all the bit loading algorithms, three classic bit loading algorithms are investigated, the Greedy algorithm is mostly analyzed, the performance of the three algorithms are also analyzed by simulation and some improved methods are proposed
CNC Transformation Method for the Study
Authors: Xu Xin Jian
Published: March 2012

This paper describes the need for transformation of CNC machine tools, CNC machine tools and a brief introduction to the content and transformation of the advantages and disadvantages, but focuses on how the transformation of CNCmachine tools including CNC system selection, transformation NC modificationof the main mechanical components and CNC transformation of the main steps,and cited several examples of digital transformation, and finallyshows the numerical transformation of the problem and made recommendations.
Control System Design of Intelligent Water Meter
Authors: Li Jun Ying
Published: March 2012

The control system of a new type of intelligent household water meter which can prevent water leakage is designed in this paper. That water drives the rotor-wing rotating can make micro direct-current generator generate and store power used for the system power supply. OMRON EE-SX671 type photoelectric sensor to detect water flow is used in the system. And a new water electromagnetic valve is designed, the type of which is normally open and direct-operated. If closed, it will be self-locking state and not need power supply. But it needs be reset manually. The design program based on AT89C52 single-chip microcomputer not only displays water flow using LED but also controls the automatic shut-off function of electromagnetic valve.
Design of Serial Communication Monitor System of Excavator Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Si Gui Mao , Zhang Jun , Lv Chun Fen , Pang Bin
Published: March 2012

The on-line monitoring of excavator parameters provide much guidance on analyzing the status of the excavator and debugging control function of the new prototype. On the Basis of analyzing the constitution of the excavator control system as well as the way how the parameters transfer, the parameters transferred between GPS and controller MCU was set as the collection objectives to design the monitor system of excavator with LabVIEW. The monitor system has been made field test on excavators. The result indicated that the system can correctly analyze communication data packet and obtain all the parameters during communication, which can provide a new method for the real-time analysis of the excavator’s status.
Briefly Discussing on Red Clay in Highway Subgrade Filling Treatment Method
Authors: Deng Han Wen , Liu Zhao Hui , Li Sheng
Published: March 2012

The red clay is a special kind of subgrade filling materials, has the high moisture content, high liquid limit, high plasticity, high porosity, and other special project properties, and in subgrade construction of medium voltage quite hard. Combining with the inflammation your highway construction projects in the red clay, pertinently in-depth analysis of red clay engineering characteristics, reference past the red clay and the high liquid limit soil subgrade filling of experience on the high liquid limit soil filling design theory of subgrade filling technology, the corresponding special construction technology research and evaluation system, and puts forward the red clay subgrade compaction, the structure design and processing method.
Dynamic Characteristics of Linear Rolling Guide Joint Based on Contact Stiffness
Authors: Li Jin Feng , Wang Li Ping , Guan Li Wen , Zhang Hui Feng
Published: March 2012

The dynamic characteristics of linear rolling guide joint have great influence on the dynamic characteristics of machine tools. In this paper, the relative deformation of guide interface was analyzed based on Hertz theory and normal contact stiffness of guide joint was calculated first. Then, the vibration model of linear rolling guide joint was performed. The kinetic energy and potential energy of carriage-rail system was derived. Based on Lagrange’s approach, motion equilibrium equations of different vibration modes were derived. At last, vibration test was designed to get natural frequencies and mode shapes of the carriage. The natural frequencies agreed well with the values calculated by analytical approach. The research results provided a theoretical foundation for obtaining vibration characteristics parameters of linear rolling guide joint and a reliable way for analysis of the dynamic characteristics of similar machine joints
Design of Programmable Ship Navigation Light Controller
Authors: Hu Jia Wen , Xie Yang Biao , Fan Xi Qiu
Published: March 2012

In this paper, a new type of ship lights controller is presented, which is based on AVR microcontroller, and adopts modular design with isolation between electricity and electronics. The control panel uses LED lattice to indicate the actual layout of the lights and vary lights brightness. Electrical current detection device is used to monitor ship lights. So that the alarm rings when any of the lights is burnt out. The software is developed based on Windows environment, with graphical interface, so that it is easy to use. The proposed controller can be redeveloped to adapt to different configuration of different ship lights.
An Image Repair Method Based on Grid Extraction
Authors: Liu Ling Xia , Song Qiang , Shen Yu Feng
Published: March 2012

The repair of digital images generally needs people to manually mark the areas under repair. This paper puts forward a new method, which can automatically mark the areas under repair in the images --- mesh obstacles. First mesh obstacle can be treated as grid, via this obvious feature that grid is formed by two groups of regular cross line in the space, and then through the calculation to extract the mesh obstacles covering on the images, so this don't need people to do manually mark. In order to guarantee the grid lines can completely cover the images, the extracted grid lines can be done proper inflation. Experiments prove this method is effective and much easier to achieve.
A Real-Life Mobility Patterns Based Routing Protocol in Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Network
Authors: Wang Xiao Min , Wu Lei , Yu Ling Fei
Published: March 2012

Most existing routing protocols for delay tolerant mobile sensor network(DTMSN) based on simplistic random mobility models. However, the real-life mobility pattern is complicated. We propose a real-life mobility patterns based routing protocol in DTMSN, The simulation results show that RMPR achieves higher delivery ratio and lower delay and transmission overhead
The Improvement of Pseudo-Boolean Satisfiability Algorithm for FPGA Routing
Authors: Tang Yu Lan , Chen Jian Hui
Published: March 2012

A new routing algorithm is proposed for FPGA to improve the increasing transformation cost of pseudo-Boolean Satisfiability algorithm in the routing process, which combined advantages of pseudo-Boolean Satisfiability and geometric routing algorithm. In the routing process, one of geometric routing algorithm-VPR5.0 was chosen firstly for FPGA routing. If not successful, then use pseudo-Boolean Satisfiability algorithm. Technique of static symmetry-breaking is also adding to carry out pretreatment of pseudo-Boolean constraints, detecting and breaking the symmetries in the routing flow. The purpose was to prune search path, and the cost was consequently reduced. Preliminary experiments results show that the hybrid approach can reduce the runtime observably, speed up the solving process, and have no adverse affect on overall program.
A New Image Segmentation Method Based on Three-Dimensional Neural Network
Authors: Lin Guo Fu
Published: March 2012

In this paper, a three-dimensional probabilistic approach for MR brain image segmentation is proposed. Based on the noise-free representative reference vectors provided by SOM, the results of the 3D-PNN method are superior to other traditional algorithms. In addition to the 3D-PNN architecture, a fast three-step training method is proposed. The proposed approach also incorporates structure tensor to find appropriate feature sets for the 3D-PNN with respect to resulting classification accuracy. Computational results with simulated MR brain images have shown the promising performance of the proposed method.