bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Parent and Friend Relationship Quality and Trajectories of Loneliness during the First Year of College
Authors: Calderon Leon Maria D. , Guassi Moreira Joao F , Saragosa-Harris Natalie Marie , Waizman Yael Haya , Sedykin Anna Elizabeth , Peris Tara , Silvers Jennifer A
Published: October 2020

The transition from adolescence into adulthood is an understudied yet important phase of development. For many individuals, this transitional stage involves profound sociocultural adjustments, including the transition to college. The beginning of college often involves both challenges and opportunities as one adjusts to new academic and social environments. Individuals may be particularly vulnerable to loneliness during this transition, putting them at risk for both psychological and academic difficulties. Parent and friend relationships are potential protective factors against loneliness given their positive association with psychosocial adjustment. The present longitudinal study assessed the comparative effects of self-reported parent and friend relationship quality on loneliness, both at baseline and over time using 292 longitudinal data points, in a cohort of first-year college students (N = 101 individuals). At baseline, parent and friend relationship quality were negatively associated with loneliness. The magnitude of the association between friend relationship quality and loneliness was stronger than parent relationship quality and loneliness. Longitudinal data revealed that friend, but not parent, relationship quality interacted with the passage of time, such that the effects of friend relationship quality on loneliness attenuated over the course of two months. By contrast, parent relationship quality continued to predict lower loneliness two months post-baseline. These results highlight the importance of close relationships and suggest that targeting relationship quality – particularly with parents– could be effective in helping youth transition out of the home successfully. Findings are discussed in terms of potential avenues for prevention and intervention aimed at optimizing successful adjustments to college.
THE EFFECT OF THE TRIBAL JALWA ON THE EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF THE DESCENDANTS OF THE COMMUNITY FAMILIES AND THE SONS OF THE FUTURE SOCIETY OF AL-JALWA
Authors: Ahallam Abdul Karim Al- Lassasmeh
Published: October 2020

The study aimed to find out the effect of the tribal glow on the educational attainment of the children of the community families and the children of a future society of the Jilwa, an exploratory study in one of the villages of Karak, and this study is considered a new study about the damages resulting from the tribal glow on the university academic achievement of the children of the community families and families receiving the glow, and the impact on Their thinking in the future and how they choose scientific majors in universities, which would help them change their current conditions and improve their lives for the better, and the least expensive, due to their poor financial conditions imposed on them by the clan. The role of the tribal judiciary is considered important in limiting or minimizing the negative effects resulting from the tribal clan by creating suitable conditions for those arriving by the act of jealousy. In this way, it examines one of the social problems that the society suffers from in order to find some solutions, and to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of data collection, and a regular random sample was chosen, and the study concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important of which were: Increasing awareness and education through means The media, about the damage caused by al-Jawwah in terms of harm within a society, and the acceleration of judicial procedures to absorb anger, and the creation of places designated for their reception in which the conditions for a decent life are met, and the state’s provision of material and security assistance to al-Jawa’s recipients to reduce the burdens and problems resulting from the jail, and the state’s distribution of community families on More than one area; To reduce overcrowding in public places, schools, transportation, and universities.
Monumental Misunderstandings
Authors: Nielsen Morten , Bunkenborg Mikkel
Published: October 2020

A statue of stainless steel cast in China and placed at the entrance of the new National Stadium in Mozambique sparked controversy between Chinese donors and Mozambican recipients in the period leading up to the stadium’s 2011 inauguration. Based on ethnographic fieldwork among the Mozambican and Chinese nationals involved in the project, we explore the multiple misunderstandings surrounding the statue and show how they came to define Sino-Mozambican relations. Entextualized through materiality, the misunderstandings assumed a monumental form in the statue, and the message of mutual incomprehension continued to reverberate across the social terrain of Sino-Mozambican relations long after the statue itself had been removed. Misunderstandings, we argue, should not be dismissed as ephemeral communicative glitches, but seen as productive events that structure social relations.
Monumental Suspension
Authors: Marrero-Guillamón Isaac
Published: October 2020

More than 25 years after it was unveiled, Eduardo Chillida’sMonument to Tolerancehas been neither built nor abandoned—it is, rather, suspended. From the outset, the project, which consists in digging a vast cubic cave inside the mountain of Tindaya (Fuerteventura, Canary Islands), has faced the opposition of environmental activists, who argue that it is incompatible with the mountain’s status as a protected site. Drawing from anthropological approaches to infrastructure and art, this article unpacks the Monument’s actual existence as an unrealized project that has been partly actualized through anticipatory practices such as exhibitions and economic aspirations. The article contributes to the theorization of suspension by combining a focus on the temporal multiplicity of anticipation with an attention to the materiality of unbuilt entities.
Investigating the Impact of Mobile Application on Learning Among Teachers Based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)
Authors: Saif Naveed , Khan Irfan Ullah , Khan Gul Andaz
Published: October 2020

Mobile learning and digital communication are known as the most advanced tool to get competitive edge over other in the current globalized world. The current research study tries to investigate the adaptation of mobile acceptance model among teachers in District Bannu. Researchers try to investigate the teachers' attitude, performance and learning capabilities with the usage of mobile technology. Target population of the study is 2000 newly recruited teachers, while sample size of 220 was drawn based on the approach of (Sekran, 2004) known population. Data was analyzed through SPSS statistical procedure. Results depict that all the variables having significant association. However, teacher performance shows 51% increase in their knowledge due to Mobile application to their studies. Based on the findings it is concluded that performance and mobile application to education can further enhance the capabilities of teachers.
APPRENTICESHIP TO POWER: NATURE AND EXTENT OF POLITICAL MENTORING OF BENAZIR BHUTTO UNDER TUTELAGE OF HER FATHER (1953-1977)
Authors: Shaikh Muhammad Ali , John Stephen , Zafar Hamida
Published: October 2020

It has been claimed that Mr. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, a leading politician and former president and prime minister of Pakistan, mentored his daughter Benazir Bhutto in politics since her childhood. The present study was carried out to explore the nature and extent of political mentoring accorded to Benazir Bhutto by her father. It highlights three modes of mentoring employed by her father and evaluates each of them separately. The modes of mentoring employed were (a) through letters and discussions during her early age, (b) through her attendance of major political events while she was a university student, and (c) her on-job training in the prime minister�s secretariat after completion of her studies. It is concluded that the mentoring on the part of her father, whether intentional or unintentional, helped her a great deal in preparing her for the future role in the politics of Pakistan.
‘EMPOWERED IRAN’ IN A COMPLEX REGION (MIDDLE EAST): TEHRAN’S FOREIGN POLICY CHALLENGES AND DIMENSIONS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: Khalid Muhammad Munib , Naz Uzma , Begum Sajida
Published: October 2020

Foreign policy is a serious module in the lives, behaviour, of all nation-states. Recently foreign policy study has acquired new dimensions as a result of a paradigm shift in Iranian foreign policy. Iran has moved away from began camp follower of the United States to an independent political actor with its independent foreign policy. Tehran, from a loyal U.S. collaborator, turned out to be a stalwart opponent. In this backdrop, the study investigates the geo-strategic importance of Iran in the Middle East and Asia as a whole. In fact, because of Tehran’s natural resources like natural gas and oil, etc., this region has always been the centre of attraction for major actors. But since Iran has changed her foreign policy roles, from western to Islamic, the region has confronted numerous security issues because of its strong Islamic history. Besides, the data for the study has incorporated from primary source taken from the official website of the foreign office of Iran, and Overall, the study examines why this alteration of the conceptual, political framework in Iran, from nationalism to Islam, has led to assume Iranian foreign policy conferring to Islamic vision.
Islamic Finance Education and the Curriculum of Deeni Madaris (Religious Seminaries)
Authors: Muhammad Asghar Shahzad  , Dr. Habib ur Rehman  , Dr. Syed Kashif Saeed  , Asim Ehsan
Published: October 2020

Sharī‘ah governance is a unique element of the Islamic financial system in which Ulama (Islamic scholars) play a fundamental role. Deeni Madaris (religious seminaries) are the major channels for the education of the Ulama. This study analyzed and compared the syllabi of Deeni Madaris (religious seminaries) taught in Dars-e-Nizami (full-time) and Takhasus fil Fiqh /Takhasus fil Ifta (specialization in Islamic jurisprudence and Fatwa granting process) as offered by different schools of Islamic thought regarding Islamic finance education. A survey was conducted among the academics of these religious institutions regarding the structure of the syllabus followed in their respective institutions. The questionnaire focused on exploring the respondents’ opinions about the status of the curriculum concerning Islamic finance and their efforts for the inclusion of contemporary studies in it, specifically those regarding Islamic finance and jurisprudence issues.
LITERATUR REVIEW: EFEKTIFITAS PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN TENTANG DETEKSI DINI KANKER PAYUDARA PADA REMAJA PUTRI
Authors: Puspasari Meilinda Krisna , Taviyanda Dian , Richard Selvia David
Published: October 2020

Kanker payudara merupakan salah satu kanker penyebab kematian wanita. Karena, banyak wanita yang terlambat menyadari bahwa sebenarnya ia sudah terserang kanker. Untuk menemukan penyakit lebih awal dikembangkan berbagai metode yaitu salah satunya dengan melakukan Pemeriksaan Payudara Sendiri (selanjutnya disebut SADARI). SADARI adalah pemeriksaan payudara oleh diri sendiri untuk mendekteksisegala kelainan yang ada pada payudara.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Membuktikan Efektifitas Pendidikan Kesehatan Terhadap Pengetahuan Tentang Deteksi Dini Kanker Payudara Pada Remaja Putri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literatur review. Sumber database yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan literatur berasal dari Google Shcolar, PubMed, Spinger. Penelititi melakukan review Penelitian yang menggunakandesain Pre Experiment, Quasi Experiment, dan Cross sectional yang dalam pelaksanaannya menggunakan metode pre-test post-test group design. Hasil yang di dapatkan bahwa 1 jurnal memaparkan pengetahuan deteksi dini kanker payudara tanpa ada perlakuan, 9 jurnal menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan efektifitas Pendidikan kesehatan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan Pendidikan kesehatan dengan nilai p <0.05 yang berarti Pendidikan kesehatan dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja putri. Kesimpulan: yang dapat diambil pemberian pendidikan kesehatan sangat efektif terhadap pengetahuan tentang deteksi dini kanker payudara.
Aplikasi Android Lukisan Wayang Kamasan Menggunakan Qr Code Sebagai Media Promosi Interaktif ( Studi Kasus: Startup Way’K)
Authors: Wira Astawa Gede , Agung Raditya Putra I Gusti Lanang , Krisna Juliharta I Gede Putu
Published: October 2020

Lukisan Wayang Kamasan merupakan salah satu kerajinan yang merupakan warisan budaya Bali. Salah satu startup yaitu Way’K menginovasikan Lukisan Wayang Kamasan menjadi produk modern seperti lukisan jam dinding, lukisan lampu LED, dan souvenir berupa plakat. Namun hal tersebut belum cukup untuk meningkatkan daya jual dari seni lukis wayang kamasan karena berdasarkan hasil wawancara terhadap owner startup Way’K wisatawan kurang tertarik membeli karena wisatawan tidak mengetahui dari makna dan cerita yang terdapat dalam lukisan tersebut, selain itu promosi dan penjualan masih dilakukan secara konvensional mengingat perkembangan zaman memasuki era digital.  Maka dari itu penulis membuat suatu aplikasi seni lukis Wayang Kamasan berbasis Android yang dapat menampilkan cerita lukisan melalui kode QR yang dipindai pada lukisan serta terdapat fitur informasi dan pembelian produk secara online melalui aplikasi. Pada pembuatan aplikasi menggunakan metode pendekatan software waterfall dan menggunakan pemodelan Use Case serta Class Diagram dalam perancangan aplikasi. Aplikasi dibangun menggunakan framework React Native dan framework Laravel dan diuji menggunakan metode blackbox testing dan aplikasi telah berhasil dirancang bangun dan berhasil di uji coba dengan hasil sesuai dengan yang diharapkan. Untuk mengetahui tingkat kemudahan penggunaan sistem dilakukan dengan metode Usability testing dan didapatkan hasil sangat baik.
APLIKASI PENAMPIL DATA HASIL MONITORING SUHU DAN KELEMBABAN RUANGAN PADA WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Authors: Wiyardani Wisnu , Mistialustina Hartuti
Published: October 2020

Tujuan dari perancangan aplikasi penampil data hasil monitoring suhu dan kelembaban ruangan pada Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) ini adalah agar terbangunnya sebuah aplikasi perangkat lunak Personal Computer (PC) berbasis Graphical User Interface (GUI) yang dapat menerima data hasil pemantauan suhu dan kelembaban dari modul Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) melalui komunikasi serial Recommended Standard (RS) 232 kemudian menampilkannya baik secara online maupun offline. Aplikasi ini sangat bergantung kepada perangkat keras kabel komunikasi serial RS232 sebagai penghubung dan pengirim data antara perangkat mikrokontroler Jennic JN5139 dalam modul WSN yang melakukan pengukuran langsung terhadap suhu dan kelembaban lebih dari 2 ruangan terhadap Personal Computer yang menampilkan data hasil pengukuran WSN. Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan untuk aplikasi ini adalah Visual Basic 6. Data online yang dikirimkan dari modul WSN melalui RS232 ke Personal Computer kemudian disimpan ke dalam sebuah database Personal Computer menggunakan sistem database Microsoft Access 2003 untuk analisis secara offline monitoring yang ditampilkan baik dalam bentuk tabel maupun grafik.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kinerja Pelayanan Pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Majalaya
Authors: . Manurung , Minar Demsi
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this study is : 1. To find out the State of Service Quality at KPP Pratama Majalaya, 2. To find out the Service Performance at KPP Pratama Majalaya. And 3. to find out the Effect of Service Quality on Service Performance at KPP Pratama Majalaya.The method used in this study is descriptive analysis and verification analysis. Definition of analytical descriptive research according to Sugiyono (2005: 1) is : Research conducted to determine the value of independent variables, either one variable or more (independent) without making comparisons or connecting between variables one with other variables. The t test results are as follows  < , then  rejected and  be accepted, while simultaneously obtained >  , then  accepted and  rejected, meaning service quality has an effect on service performance.
Dengue Menace 2019 Dhaka: A Closer Look
Authors: Rahman Shahana Akhter
Published: October 2020

Abstract Not Available

Bangladesh J Child Health 2019; VOL 43 (3) :135-137
Serum homocysteine level in children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Alam Md Fakhrul , Islam Mohammed Mahbubul , Haque Mujammel , Rahman Shahana A
Published: October 2020

Background: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease of childhood and a leading cause of short and long-term disability. Abnormal level of serum homocysteine (Hcy) may be found in Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. Some studies were done on serum homocyestine levels in children with JIA which showed conflicting results. So far, no study regarding the Hcy level in JIA patients was done in Bangladesh.

Objectives: The study was aimed to assess the homocysteine level in children with different subtypes of JIA.

Methods: It was a cross sectional and case control study. Fifty newly diagnosed cases of JIA attending the Pediatric Rheumatology clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, from January 2016 to March 2017 were included. Fifty age and sex matched controls were selected. Serum homocysteine levels were measured in both cases and controls.

Results: Among JIA patients, 36% had high serum homocysteine (Hcy) level whereas 100% of controls had normal level. Mean hcy level was significantly (p<0.05) higher among cases than controls. Significantly higher number and level of hyperhomocystaeinemia was found among JIA patients having duration of illness more than 1 year than duration less than 1 year. Mean homocysteine level of polyarticular RF positive cases was found as 14.38±3.79 µmol/L and that of SJIA was found as 13.0±4.66 µmol/L. When compared with homocysteine levels of control group these two groups had significantly higher homocysteine level.

Conclusion: More than one third of JIA patients had hyperhomocysteinaemia. Mean hcy level of JIA cases was significantly higher than that of controls. Significant association of hyperhomocysteinaemia was present with duration of illness and certain types of JIA.

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2020; 46(1): 12-16
Dengue Fever- New Threats from Old Enemy
Authors: Ahammad Faruk
Published: October 2020

Abstract Not Available
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 1-2
Ligation of the Intersphincteric Fistula Tract (LIFT) Technique in the Treatment of Complex Perianal Fistula: Experience of First 50 Cases
Authors: Biswas Swapan Kumar , Rahman ASM Tanjilur , Hossain Muhammad Mofazzal , Khan Saiful Islam
Published: October 2020

Perianal fistula is a common disease and surgery is the only treatment option. Many surgical techniques have been described. Ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) is a sphincter saving surgical technique in which fistula tract is ligated and excised through intersphincteric approach. The aim of study is to present our experience of first 50 LIFT procedures particularly healing rate, recurrence rate and complications from the procedure. This is a prospective observational study started from March 2018 on whom underwent LIFT procedure for primary complex perianal fistula of infective origin at Faridpur Central Hospital and Faridpur Medical College Hospital. In this study, 50 patients (42 male and 8 female) of average age of 39±7.6 years with complex fistula were included. The mean operative time was 34.7±5.67 minutes and most of the fistulas were transsphincteric variety (90%). Median wound healing time was 21.45±6.34 days for intersphincteric wound and 26.78±6.93 days for the external opening of the fistula. Mean follow up period was 10.5 months. Seven patients of our series developed recurrent fistula, making the overall success of 86%. None of the patient in our series developed incontinence. LIFT procedure has the advantage of preservation of anal sphincter, minimal tissue injury, shorter healing time, relatively easy to perform, and high success rate. It's a good choice for treatment of complex perianal fistula.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 3-7
Understanding Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Management Options
Authors: Giasuddin Noor Ahmed , Hossain Md Jahangir
Published: October 2020

Obsessive compulsive disorder is a common mental health problem. It is characterized by obsession and compulsion. Obsession can be defined as unwanted, intrusive, recurrent and persistent thoughts, images or impulses which are not voluntarily produced, but are experienced as events that invade a person's consciousness. Compulsion can be defined as repetitive and seemingly purposeful behavior that is performed according to certain rules or in a stereotyped fashion and is not an end in itself but is usually intended to prevent some event or situation. The obsessions or compulsions interfere significantly with the person's normal routine, occupational functioning, usual social activities, or relationships. Obsessive-compulsive disorder and several related disorders are now put together into separate chapter in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5). Literature search was performed with the key words "Obsessive Compulsive Disorder", "Obsession", "Compulsion", "Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder". Representative and leading researches from last 25 years were included in the study. Modern concepts of OCD began to evolve in the nineteenth century. Obsessions, in which insight was preserved, were gradually distinguished from delusions, in which it was not. The core features of OCD are remarkably similar from one country to the next, but its manifestations may differ for reasons of culture and experience. OCD is typically a chronic disorder with a waxing and waning course. In classical psychoanalytic theory, OCD was considered a regression from the Oedepal phase to the anal psycho-sexual phase of development. Functional brain imaging studies have produced a model for pathophysiology of OCD which involves hyperactivity in certain subcortical and cortical regions. The idea that abnormality in serotonergic neurotransmission underlies OCD arose from the observation that clomipramine, which inhibits serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake, relieved symptoms, whereas noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors did not. During the last 40 years there has been considerable progress in the pharmacological management of OCD. Behavioral therapy is also considered as an effective way of controlling OCD. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a well-documented intervention for children, adolescents, and adults with OCD. Other biological approaches for obsessive-compulsive disorder include neurosurgery, deepbrain stimulation, electroconvulsive therapy, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. The neurosurgical techniques of cingulotomy and capsulotomy may provide clinical improvement among some patients with treatmentrefractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Overall, stereotactic surgery should be viewed as a last option in treating refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 38-42
Crigler Najjar Syndrome Type 2: a Case of Unexplained Jaundice in an Adult
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Ashiqur , Islam MM Shahin Ul , Tasnim Nazifa
Published: October 2020

Crigler-Najjar Syndrome (CNS) type 2 is a rare genetic disorder which is characterized by non-hemolytic unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. It is caused by defect in bilirubin conjugation due to complete or partial deficiency of uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT). Affected individuals are usually asymptomatic apart from the jaundice and investigations reveal isolated indirect hyperbilirubinemia. Genetic testing of the UGT1A1 gene for mutations is the definitive diagnostic tool which is not available everywhere. It can be alternatively diagnosed by evaluating the response to phenobarbitone in terms of fall in bilirubin level. Here, we report one such rare case.
Faridpur Med. Coll. J. Jan 2020;15(1): 43-45
Structural Peculiarities of SARS CoV2
Authors: Ahmed Iftikhar
Published: October 2020

Abstract not available

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2020;7(2): 49
Pattern of Respiratory Diseases in Pediatric Unit of a 250 Bedded District Level General Hospital in Bangladesh
Authors: Rakshit Sudesh Chandra , Rahman Md Mahbubur , Hye Mohammad Abdul , Jahangir Ahmed Ferdous , Biswas Palash Kumar , Raju Emdadul Haque , Hossain Md Iqbal , Alam Md Khairul , Hasan Md Manir
Published: October 2020

Background: The morbidity and mortality of under five children due to respiratory illness still not in acceptable range in spite of multiple ongoing national programs including IMCI.

Objective: The present study was intended to explore the pattern of respiratory illnesses and their hospital outcome seen in admitted children admitted with respiratory illnesses.

Methodology: This present retrospective study was conducted in children up to 12 years of age admitted with acute respiratory illness in pediatric unit of 250 bedded Jashore General Hospital, Jashore, Bangladesh from February 2019 to January 2020. All children between the age limit with acute respiratory illness were included in the study. Data were collected from treatment file and admission register.

Results: A total of 7,484 patients were admitted in pediatric unit. Among them 840 cases (11.2%) were admitted with respiratory illnesses and bronchopneumonia contributing the majority cases 410(48.8%), followed by bronchiolitis 190(22.6%), childhood asthma 110(13.1%), wheezy child 70(8.4%), URTI 45(5.3%), laryngomalacia 12(1.4%) and tuberculosis 3(0.4%). Males were predominant in every group. Majority of respiratory diseases were from poor socioeconomic background and found lately referred.

Conclusions: In conclusion respiratory illnesses contributes to most common cause of admission in pediatric unit of district level hospital

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2020;7(2): 50-54
Tokion innostuksesta Pariisin diplomaattiseen kyynisyyteen
Authors: Savolainen Kaisa
Published: October 2020

Kirjoittaja esittelee artikkelissaan Pariisissa keväällä 1985 pidetyssä Unescon 4. kansainvälisessa aikuiskasvatuskonferenssissa tehtyjä tärkeimpiä päätöksiä. Hän tarkastelee myös, miten kansainvälinen tilanne on näkynyt Unescon aikuiskasvatuskonferenssien osallistujien määrissä, käsiteltävien asioiden sisällöissä sekä konferenssin työskentelytavoissa. Lopuksi tarkastellaan konferenssien merkitystä ja tulevaisuutta.
Oxidative stability of goat hamburger added with black sesame extract
Authors: Queiroga Vinícius Teodoro Ferreira , Costa Sabrina dos Santos , Albuquerque Tiago da Nóbrega , Santana Andressa Gonçalves de , Silva Mateus Gonçalves , Marques Ingrid Ramalho , Alves Rerisson do Nascimento , Meireles Bruno Raniere Lins de Albuquerque
Published: October 2020

Goat meat has taken a prominent role for the Northeast region of Brazil, and meat products such as hamburgers are a way of adding value to this raw material. Thus, the objective of this work was to prepare goat hamburgers and evaluate the effect of black sesame extract as a natural antioxidant during 40 days of storage. Four formulations were made: F1 - with bacon and no added antioxidant; F2 - with bacon and addition of 0.5% of black sesame extract; F3 - with soybean oil and without addition of antioxidant and F4 - with soybean oil and addition of 0.5% of black sesame extract. The hamburgers were subjected to centesimal composition analysis and evaluation of oxidative stability for 40 days. The treatments did not differ in terms of moisture and ash contents, with average values of 69.55 and 1.34%, respectively. The lipid content is in accordance with Brazilian legislation (maximum 23%), where it was possible to observe that the addition of black sesame extract, as it is an oilseed, provided an increase in the lipid content between F1 (10.96%) and F2 (11.97%) and between F3 (12.89%) and F4 (15.00%). Regarding the oxidative stability study, the use of saturated fat (bacon) and the action of black sesame as a natural antioxidant provided a lower oxidation of hamburgers, observing values of 11.44; 3.64; 18.07 and 16.04 mg MDA/kg of sample for F1, F2, F3 and F4, respectively. Thus, the black sesame extract was efficient for oxidative control of goat hamburgers.
Carbono, nitrogênio e frações granulométricas em agregados biogênicos e fisiogênicos de um solo com histórico de 10 anos de aplicações sucessivas de dejetos suínos
Authors: Ventura Barbara Santos , Loss Arcângelo , Comin Jucinei José , Sepulveda Camilo Mendes , Lovato Paulo Emilio , Brunetto Gustavo
Published: October 2020

Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos do uso de diferentes fontes e quantidades de dejetos suínos sobre os teores de carbono (C) e nitrogênio (N) totais e das frações granulométricas da matéria orgânica (MO) dos agregados biogênicos e fisiogênicos do solo. Coletaram-se amostras de solo nas profundidades 0-5 e 5-10 cm nos tratamentos sem aplicação de dejetos (Testemunha), com aplicação de dejeto líquido de suínos (DLS) e cama sobreposta de suínos (CSS) em dose equivalente a uma e duas vezes a recomendação de N para o milho e aveia (DLS1X, DLS2X, CSS1X e CSS2X, respectivamente). Os agregados foram separados conforme a via de formação (biogênicos e fisiogênicos). Posteriormente, foram quantificados o C e N totais e das frações da MO. A aplicação de CSS aumentou o C e N dos agregados e das frações granulométricas. A aplicação dos dejetos suínos aumentou o C e N em agregados biogênicos em comparação aos fisiogênicos.
Influência da embalagem na qualidade pós colheita de “baby leaf” de agrião da terra
Authors: Araújo Ana Beatriz Silva , Carvalho Elisângela Elena Nunes , Boas Eduardo Valério de Barros Vilas
Published: October 2020

No presente estudo foram investigadas as variações ao longo do armazenamento, na qualidade pós colheita de “baby leaf” de agrião da terra acondicionado em diferentes embalagens. O uso de embalagem tipo PET PCR mostrou não ser viável para o armazenamento refrigerado de “baby leaf” de agrião da terra, já as embalagens zip lock de polietileno 100µm e polietileno de baixa densidade 50µm selada, demonstraram ser boas opções. O experimento foi então conduzido utilizando as embalagens zip lock de polietileno 100µm e polietileno de baixa densidade 50µm selada, sob a temperatura média de refrigeração de 6ºC±1 e umidade relativa de 87%±1,6.  A avalição das amostras foi realizada nos tempos 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 e 12 dias. As análises realizadas foram percentual de perda de massa, monitoramento de CO2 dentro da embalagem, coloração, pH, acidez titulável, clorofila total, carotenoides totais, teor de fenólicos totais e capacidade antioxidante. A embalagem de zip lock de polietileno 100µm determinou menor acúmulo de CO2, maior preservação da cor verde, maior estabilização na degradação de carotenoides e uma menor depleção da capacidade antioxidante do “baby leaf” de agrião. Esses resultados sugerem que a embalagem zip lock de polietileno 100µm, proporciona melhores condições de armazenamento, conferindo ao “baby leaf” de agrião uma vida útil de até 12 dias, garantindo um produto de qualidade ao consumidor.
Oxidative stress and glutamate excretion in alcoholic steatosis: Metabolic synapse between hepatocyte and stellate cell
Authors: Kim Hee-Hoon , Choi Sung Eun , Jeong Won-Il
Published: October 2020

Chronic alcohol consumption induces the development of alcoholic steatosis in the liver, which is one of the most widespread liver diseases worldwide. During general alcohol metabolism, hepatocytes generate mitochondria- and cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1)-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) whose accumulation elicits activation of the hepatic anti-oxidant system, including glutathione (GSH). However, chronic alcohol consumption decreases GSH generation through cysteine deficiency by suppressing the methionine cycle and trans-sulfuration system, whereas it turns on an alternative defense pathway, such as the xCT transporter, to compensate for GSH shortage. The xCT transporter mediates the uptake of cystine coupled to the efflux of glutamate, leading to an increase in blood glutamate. In response to the elevated glutamate in the liver, the expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is up-regulated in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) along with enhanced production of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, which in turn stimulates cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) on neighboring hepatocytes to increase de novo lipogenesis. On the other hand, blockade of mGluR5 and CB1R attenuates alcoholic steatosis. Interestingly, although the increased expression of CYP2E1-mediated xCT and ROS generation are mainly observed at the perivenous area (zone 3), fat accumulation is mostly detected at hepatic zone 2. To resolve this discrepancy, this review summarizes recent advances on glutamate/mGluR5-derived alcoholic steatosis and zone-dependently different responses to alcohol intake. In addition, the bidirectional loop pathway and its unique metabolic synapse between hepatocytes and HSCs are discussed.
Autophagy and liver cancer
Authors: Chao Xiaojuan , Qian Hui , Wang Shaogui , Fulte Sam , Ding Wen-Xing
Published: October 2020

Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process that degrades cytosolic proteins and organelles via formation of autophagosomes that fuse with lysosomes to form autolysosomes, whereby autophagic cargos are degraded. Numerous studies have demonstrated that autophagy plays a critical role in the regulation of liver physiology and homeostasis, and impaired autophagy leads to the pathogenesis of various liver diseases such as viral hepatitis, alcohol associated liver diseases (AALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD), and liver cancer. Recent evidence indicates that autophagy may play a dual role in liver cancer: inhibiting early tumor initiation while promoting progression and malignancy of already formed liver tumors. In this review, we summarized the progress of current understanding of how hepatic viral infection, alcohol consumption and diet-induced fatty liver diseases impair hepatic autophagy. We also discussed how impaired autophagy promotes liver tumorigenesis, and paradoxically how autophagy is required to promote the malignancy and progression of liver cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying how autophagy differentially affects liver cancer development and progression may help to design better therapeutic strategies for prevention and treatment of liver cancer.
Liver-lung axes in alcohol-related liver disease
Authors: Arteel Gavin E.
Published: October 2020

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and alcohol-related susceptibility to acute lung injury are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality due to chronic alcohol abuse. Most commonly, alcohol-induced injury to both organs are evaluated independently, although they share many parallel mechanisms of injury. Moreover, recent studies indicate that there is a potential liver lung axis that may contribute to organ pathology. This mini-review explores established and potential mechanisms of organ-organ crosstalk in ALD and alcohol-related lung injury.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcohol-related liver disease: From clinical aspects to pathophysiological insights
Authors: Ikejima Kenichi , Kon Kazuyoshi , Yamashina Shunhei
Published: October 2020

Two major causes of steatohepatitis are alcohol and metabolic syndrome. Although the underlying causes of alcoholrelated liver disease (ALD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) differ, there are certain similarities in terms of the mode of disease progression and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Further, excessive alcohol consumption is often seen in patients with metabolic syndrome, and alcoholic hepatitis exacerbation by comorbidity with metabolic syndrome is an emerging clinical problem. There are certain ethnic differences in the development of both NAFLD and ALD. Especially, Asian populations tend to be more susceptible to NAFLD, and genetic polymorphisms in patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) play a key role in both NAFLD and ALD. From the viewpoint of pathophysiology, cellular stress responses, including autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, are involved in the development of cellular injury in steatohepatitis. Further, gutderived bacterial products and innate immune responses in the liver most likely play a profound role in the pathogenesis of both ALD and NASH. Though the recent progress in the treatment of viral hepatitis has reduced the prevalence of viral-related development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), non-viral HCC is increasing. Alcohol and metabolic syndrome synergistically exacerbate progression of steatohepatitis, resulting in carcinogenesis. The gut-liver axis is a potential therapeutic and prophylactic target for steatohepatitis and subsequent carcinogenesis.
Interactions between bivalve filter feeding and oceanographic forcing drive the fluxes of organic matter and nutrients at an estuarine-coastal interface
Authors: O’Connell-Milne SA , Wing SR , Suanda SH , Udy JA , Durante LM , Salmond NH , Wing LC
Published: October 2020

Fluxes of nutrients and organic matter between estuaries and the open coast comprise an important component of ecosystem connectivity. Nevertheless, relatively little is known about how oceanographic processes, for example onshore retention of water in the coastal boundary layer, interact with major sinks for particulate organic matter such as bivalve filter feeding within inlets and estuaries. To investigate this interaction, total fluxes of water, nutrients (NH4, NOx and PO4) and chlorophyll a between Waitati Inlet on the wave-exposed coast of the South Island, New Zealand, and the coastal ocean were quantified over 40 tidal cycles. We found declines in total flux of phytoplankton and increases in flux of NH4 between flood and ebb tides. Net declines in phytoplankton biomass followed a Type II functional response curve, consistent with consumption by the large biomass of filter feeding bivalves within the inlet; however, an asymptote was not reached for the highest concentrations, indicating that feeding was likely limited by exposure time rather than concentration of food relative to biomass. An information-theoretic framework was then used to infer the most likely combination of environmental conditions influencing total fluxes of phytoplankton into the inlet. Onshore wind stress, wave transport and salinity explained 90% of the variation in flux of phytoplankton entering the inlet on flood tides. These results highlight the importance of the interaction between oceanographic forcing and bivalve filter feeding in modulating material dynamics and connectivity between estuaries and the coastal ocean.
miR-766-3p Targeting BCL9L Suppressed Tumorigenesis, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, and Metastasis Through the β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Osteosarcoma Cells
Authors: Zhang Sheng , Chen Hongtao , Liu Wanshun , Fang Le , Qian Zhanyang , Kong Renyi , Zhang Qi , Li Juming , Cao Xiaojian
Published: October 2020

Accumulating evidence has indicated that abnormal microRNAs (miRNAs) serve critical roles in carcinogenesis and development of osteosarcoma (OS). The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the relationship between miR-766-3p and development of osteosarcoma and explore the potential mechanism. In this study, we found that miR-766-3p was the most downregulated miRNA by analyzing GSE65071 from the GEO database. miR-766-3p was lowly expressed in OS tissue samples and cells, and high miR-766-3p expression repressed the malignant level of OS, including cell proliferation, EMT, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. B-Cell Lymphoma 9-Like Protein (BCL9L) was negatively associated with miR-766-3p expression in OS cells and tissue samples and was validated as the downstream target by luciferase reporter assay and western blotting. Rescue experiment indicated that BCL9L could restore the influence of miR-766-3p on OS cells. In addition, the β-Catenin/TCF-4 signal pathway was demonstrated to be related to the miR-766-3p/BCL9L axis. In summary, miR-766-3p, a negative regulator of BCL9L, plays the role of tumor metastasis suppressor via the β-catenin signaling pathway in the progression of OS.
Novel Low-Voltage Electro-Ejaculation Approach for Sperm Collection from Zoo Captive Lanyu Miniature Pigs (Sus barbatus sumatranus)
Authors: Chen Yu-Hsin , Yu Jane-Fang , Chang Yu-Jia , Chin Shih-Chien , Wang Lih-Chiann , Lin Hsiu-Lien , Tsai Pei-Shiue
Published: October 2020

Semen collection can be achieved via hand penile massage or rectal stimulation using electro-ejaculation methods. Traditional electro-ejaculation procedure applied relatively high voltage of 3–15 volts with a maximum current of 900 mA. However, these manipulations often result in great stress and discomforts in animals. In this study, we showed low-voltage electro-ejaculation procedure using 2–3 volts with a maximum current of 500 mA can efficiently stimulated ejaculations in zoo captive lanyu miniature pigs with a high success rate of 81.3% (13/16). Besides normal semen properties (semen volume, pH, sperm concentration), we demonstrated that low-voltage electro-ejaculation caused less stress in the animals, and sperm cells obtained via low-voltage electro-ejaculation exhibit low abnormality (10.3%), high viability (84.3%), motility (75.7%), progressive motility (63.7%), and acrosome integrity (88%). However, cryopreservation protocol used in the current study requires further optimization, as sperm mitochondrial function was partially compromised during freezing procedures. Taken together, we demonstrated in this study that a low-voltage electro-ejaculation approach can be used to obtain quality sperm cells from zoo captive lanyu miniature pig with less physical stress during electro-ejaculation procedure.
Using Long-Range Wireless Sensor Network to Track the Illegal Cutting Log
Authors: Mutiara Giva Andriana , Herman Nanna Suryana , Mohd Othman
Published: October 2020

Nowadays, the need for wireless sensing applications is increasing. Along with the increased illegal cutting of logs in the forest, however, it requires the integration application to tackle the illegal logging and forest preservation. The wireless sensor network is a suitable network architecture for remotely monitoring or tracking applications in the environment. This paper proposed an integrated system that can identify and track the position of a moving cutting log. An Arduino Uno, Raspberry Pi 3 B+, sound sensor, accelerometer sensor, LoRa GPS HAT Shield, and Outdoor LoRa Gateway OLG01 performed the hardware monitoring and tracking of the proposed system. The network of STAR topology configuration between master and slaves is represented by the LoRa Network embedded with the sensors, as an architecture of the wireless sensor network. The system was examined the performance of the network and the tracking process. The result determined that the LoRa can detect and identify the occurrence of the illegal cutting of logs in real-time. Meanwhile, in terms of the tracking performance, a duration of 5–46 s was required to track the new position of the moving cutting log.
Comparison of Key Characteristics of Remarkable SSW Events in the Southern and Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Kozubek Michal , Lastovicka Jan , Krizan Peter
Published: October 2020

An exceptionally strong sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) during September 2019 was observed. Because SSW in the SH is very rare, comparison with the only recorded major SH SSW is done. According to World Meteorological Organization (WMO) definition, the SSW in 2019 has to be classified as minor. The cause of SSW in 2002 was very strong activity of stationary planetary wave with zonal wave-number (ZW) 2, which reached its maximum when the polar vortex split into two circulations with polar temperature enhancement by 30 K/week and it penetrated deeply to the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. On the other hand, the minor SSW in 2019 involved an exceptionally strong wave-1 planetary wave and a large polar temperature enhancement by 50.8 K/week, but it affected mainly the middle and upper stratosphere. The strongest SSW in the Northern Hemisphere was observed in 2009. This study provides comparison of two strongest SSW in the SH and the strongest SSW in the NH to show difference between two hemispheres and possible impact to the lower or higher layers.
General Aspects of Metal Ions as Signaling Agents in Health and Disease
Authors: Krzywoszyńska Karolina , Witkowska Danuta , Świątek-Kozłowska Jolanta , Szebesczyk Agnieszka , Kozłowski Henryk
Published: October 2020

This review focuses on the current knowledge on the involvement of metal ions in signaling processes within the cell, in both physiological and pathological conditions. The first section is devoted to the recent discoveries on magnesium and calcium-dependent signal transduction—the most recognized signaling agents among metals. The following sections then describe signaling pathways where zinc, copper, and iron play a key role. There are many systems in which changes in intra- and extra-cellular zinc and copper concentrations have been linked to important downstream events, especially in nervous signal transduction. Iron signaling is mostly related with its homeostasis. However, it is also involved in a recently discovered type of programmed cell death, ferroptosis. The important differences in metal ion signaling, and its disease-leading alterations, are also discussed.
Non-Invasive Early Molecular Detection of Gastric Cancers
Authors: Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Watanabe Yoshiyuki , Sato Yoshinori , Maehata Tadateru , Itoh Fumio
Published: October 2020

Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant source of global cancer death with a high mortality rate, because the majority of patients with GC are diagnosed at a late stage, with limited therapeutic choices and poor outcomes. Therefore, development of minimally invasive or noninvasive biomarkers which are specific to GC is crucially needed. The latest advancements in the understanding of GC molecular landscapes and molecular biological methods have accelerated attempts to diagnose GC at an early stage. Body fluids, including peripheral blood, saliva, gastric juice/wash, urine, and others, can be a source of biomarkers, offering new methods for the early detection of GC. Liquid biopsy-based methods using circulating sources of cancer nucleic acids could also be considered as alternative strategies. Moreover, investigating gastric juices/washes could represent an alternative for the detection of GC via invasive biopsy. This review summarizes recently reported biomarkers based on DNA methylation, microRNA, long noncoding RNA, circular RNA, or extracellular vesicles (exosomes) for the detection of GC. Although the majority of studies have been conducted to detect these alterations in advanced-stage GC and only a few in population studies or early-stage GC, some biomarkers are potentially valuable for the development of novel approaches for an early noninvasive detection of GC.