bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rebaudiosit A Kullanılarak Düşük Şekerli Portakal Marmelatı Üretimi ve Duyusal Özellikleri
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Şeyda
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışmada Rebaudiosit A (Reb A) içeren düşük şekerli portakal marmelatı üretilmesi ve bazı kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla farklı miktarlarda Reb A, şeker ve pektin içeren reçeteler hazırlanmış ve üretilmiştir. Üretilen marmelatların suda çözünür kuru madde (SÇKM), renk ve duyusal analizleri yapılmıştır. Pektin miktarı denemelerinde panelistler, %0.50, 0.75 ve 1.00 pektin oranları arasından en çok %1.00 pektin ile üretilen marmelatı beğenmiştir. Yalnız Reb A içeren marmelatlardan da 6. reçeteyi (400 g karışımda; 0.48 g Reb A, %1.00 pektin içeren) beğenmişlerdir. Tüm reçeteler içerisinde standart marmelata en yakın reçete, 11. reçete (400 g karışımda; 58.4 g şeker, 0.30 g Reb A, %1.00 pektin içeren) olmuştur. Şeker miktarı azaldıkça SÇKM miktarı da azalmıştır. Şeker miktarının artması ile L* ve b* değerlerinde azalma, esmerleşme indeksinde (BI) ise artış görülmüştür. En fazla renk değişimleri (∆E), 1 ve 2 numaralı reçetede (400 g karışımda; 97.6 g şeker, sırasıyla %1.00 ve %0.75 pektin içeren) tespit edilmiştir. Duyusal analiz sonrası yalnızca Reb A içeren örneklerin daha canlı, sarı ve meyve rengine yakın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca portakal kokusu daha yüksek olmuştur. Ancak şeker miktarının azalması ile kıvamı ve ağdalı yapısı azalmıştır. Reb A miktarı arttıkça kimyasal koku, acı tat ve tatlılık artmıştır. Sonuç olarak panelistler diyet yaptıklarında Reb A ile üretilen marmelatları satın alabileceklerini ancak Reb A-şeker karışımı ile üretilen reçeteleri daha çok beğendiklerini belirtmişlerdir.
Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Yaprağı ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli
Authors: SALIK Mehmet Ali , ÇAKMAKÇI Songül
Published: March 2023

Ceviz ağacı (Juglans regia L.), Juglandaceae familyasının iyi bilinen bir üyesi olup dünya çapında yaygın olarak yetiştirilmektedir. Antik çağlardan beri ceviz ağacının bazı kısımları geleneksel tıpta (venöz yetmezlik, hemoroit, hipoglisemi, ishal, astım, egzama, mide ağrısı, kanser ve mikrobiyal enfeksiyonlar gibi) çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Ceviz yaprağı ve yeşil kabuğu; kimyasal bileşimi (protein, yağ, karbonhidrat, E vitamini ile Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Zn ve Mn gibi mineraller) ve biyoaktif içerikleri (fenolikler, flavonoitler, organik asitler, triterpenik asitler, terpenler, terpenoitler, tetralon türevleri, megastigman türevleri ve juglon) bakımından dikkat çeken, ucuz ve bol bulunan, atık durumundaki önemli tarımsal yan ürünlerdir. Katma değeri yüksek ürünlerin ve fonksiyonel gıdaların geliştirilmesinde kullanılabilecek özellikleri olan ceviz yaprağı ve yeşil kabuğu; antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, antifungal, anti-inflamatuar, antidiyabetik, antihelmintik, antidiyareik, antihistaminik, antiülser, antiastmatik, immünomodülatör, antifertilite, antikanser, sağlıklı yaşlanmayı sağlayıcı ve hepatoprotektif gibi özellikleriyle insan sağlığına yararlıdırlar. Bu derlemede, ceviz yaprağı ve yeşil kabuğunun fitokimyasal profilleri ve kimyasal özelliklerine dikkat çekilerek, sağlığa yararları ve gıdalarda fonksiyonel katkı ve/veya nutrasötik olarak kullanım potansiyelleri hakkında genel bilgiler verilmiştir.
The ability of different types of sand to preserve the integrity of calcium sulfoaluminate cement cement mortar during exposure to elevated temperatures
Authors: Tchekwagep Jean Jacques Kouadjo , Zengyao Wang , Fengzhen Yang , Piqi Zhao , Huang Shifeng , Wang Shoude , Cheng Xin Cheng
Published: March 2023

Due to the depletion of natural sand resources, it is urgent to develop synthetic sand that will replace the natural one in the production of concrete. In this study, we carried out descriptive inspection of mortar working performance, mechanical properties and internal cracking under three different application schemes of fine aggregate, including natural, artificial, and basalt sand. Tests showed that the mortar with river sand had more internal cracking and lowest strength as the temperature rises. The artificial and basalt sand had better resistance and less internal cracking than river sand at high temperature. The compressive strength of basalt sand mortar (BSM) was slightly higher than that of artificial sand mortar (ASM), while the compressive strength value of river sand mortar (RSM) was the lowest at room temperature. However, when heated to 100°C, the RSM had 48% loss of strength, followed by the BSM at 45.4% and ASM at 11.6%. Above 100°C, none of the mortar samples meet the requirement of the calcium sulfoaluminate cement 42.5. The average atomic ratios (Ca/Si, Ca/Al, and Ca/Si) for the ASM and BSM increased with the rise in temperature. XRD showed that above 100°C, the diffraction peaks of Ettringite (AFt) disappeared, the number of CaSO4 diffraction peaks decreased significantly, the intensity decreased, and a diffraction peak of CaCO3 appeared.
Assimilation Of Customs With Islamic Law In Minangkabau Customary Inheritance Law
Authors: Dirkareshza Rianda , Dirkareshza Nada Prima , Agustanti Rosalia Dika
Published: March 2023

It is generally known that the Minangkabau community adheres to a matrilineal family system, which means attracting bloodlines from the mother or woman. Departing from the matrilineal kinship system embraced by the Minangkabau indigenous peoples, causing some things that are harmonized in religion because if someone dies, then the most entitled to get the inheritance is ashãb al-furũd Deangan can be known that the amount of division between Islamic law and the customary law of the Minangkabau indigenous people is very contradictory. Research methods use normative juridical legal research methods, normative juridical law research research that uses the source of literature collected to be researched and analyzed and with this type of approach through legislation. The result is that the assimilation of minangkabau customs with Islam occurs gradually, called (tadriij) or effolusion peacefully, which at first reads ”RUMAH BASANDI BATU,ADAT BASANDI ALUA JO PATUIK” turned into“ADAT BASANDI SYARAK, SYARAK BASANDI KITABULLAH, AL QURAN” . Minangkabau knows several heirlooms, namely high heirlooms, low heirlooms, Sako-sako, and Hak ulayat. The high heirlooms of his heirs are family members of the maternal lineage while for low inheritance, passed down under Islamic inherited law.
The Pragmatist Problem
Authors: Jenkins Caitlyn
Published: March 2023

This presentation explores the application of political pragmatism to prevent the negative impacts of partisanship in Canadian political culture. Polarization and partisan sorting have become a seemingly inescapable facet of the liberal-conservative divide, but could there be an alternative to this classic Left-Right debate? This thought experience seeks to discuss the merit of pragmatism as a school of thought, explore how pragmatism can fit within current partisan lines, and apply its principles to decrease political polarization and prioritize evidence-based decision-making in the Canadian context.
After The QALY: Training for a New Start Paradigm in Health Technology Assessment
Authors: Langley Paul C , Sogol Elliott M
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION
There is a need for a new paradigm to support health technology assessment (HTA). A recent evaluation of the status of the standards for therapy assessment in HTA concluded that practitioners were locked into a meme, rather than a paradigm. A meme that denied a commitment to the evolution of objective knowledge, the discovery of provisional new facts, in favor of the creation of approximate information through a commitment to construction of assumption driven simulations that support non-empirically evaluable claims for cost-effectiveness. This commitment in health technology assessment to the construct of assumption driven modeled simulations to create lifetime imaginary claims for comparative cost-effectiveness is being increasingly recognized as an analytical dead end. Introduced as a framework for creating non-evaluable approximate modeled information it lacks any commitment to the standards of normal science or the requirements of Rasch or modern measurement theory; none of the claims that are made for product pricing and access meet standards for credibility, empirical evaluation or replication[i]. Based on the mathematically impossible quality adjusted life year (QALY), there is a pressing need for a new start in health technology assessment to ensure that the standards for product assessment meet those of the physical and more mature social sciences such as education, psychology and economics. There is a recognized need to move from supporting non-evaluable modeled claims to inform formulary decisions to a framework for HTA endeavors to support the standards of normal science and those of fundamental measurement. Our focus must be on meeting the standards of the physical sciences and the advanced social sciences. The adoption of a new framework will not be easy. It is not an option but an imperative if HTA is to retain any attempt to be taken seriously in health care decisions. To achieve this a commitment to minimum standards in HTA are essential and where pharmacy teaching programs can play a key part.
Reflection of Political Law in the Development of State Constitution in Indonesia
Authors: Fauzi Maghfira Nur Khaliza
Published: March 2023

The existence of goals in the state is in accordance with Emmanuel Kant's opinion that the existence of guarantees relating to the formation and defense is to improve the position of the law. There is a strong impetus that needs to be realized optimally when there is a change in the legal politics of state power, mainly so that there is no deviation from the direction of the law that will make it difficult to achieve the essence of the state. So how is the history related to the dynamics of legal politics in Indonesian state administration, political intervention in the development of Indonesian state administration, and finally how is the comparison of legal politics in national law and Islamic law. The problem approach used in this research is a normative approach. The normative approach is an approach that is carried out by collecting and studying applicable legal regulations that are closely related to research problems which include laws and regulations, official documents, and other sources. The results show that the reflection of the development or dynamics of legal politics in its influence on state administration includes the formation of laws and related authorities between each state institution, which is the basis for the direction of current state development. In this case, it is also seen that the role of legal politics can influence or intervene in the world of state administration, which is so dominating in various state administration structures. In this case, it is also necessary to see the role of legal politics in Islamic law, which is considered to play an important role historically in basic arrangements and is one of the factors in forming the pillars of state administration in Indonesia.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Rissardo Leidyani Karina , Carreira Lígia
Published: March 2023

AVALIAÇÃO DO CUIDADO AO IDOSO EM SERVIÇOS DE URGÊNCIA E EMERGÊNCIA: UMA NECESSIDADE LATENTE
EDITORIAL
Authors: Teixeira Carla Araujo Bastos , Sampaio Samára dos Santos
Published: March 2023

Editorial
EGRESSOS DE UM PROGRAMA DE RESIDÊNCIA MULTIPROFISSIONAL EM CARDIOPNEUMOLOGIA E INSERÇÃO NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO
Authors: Coelho Lia Corrêa , De Mesquita Armênia Uchôa , De Alencar Eudóxia Sousa , Danziato Neto Milton Alves , Melo Ângela Nirlene Monteiro Vieira
Published: March 2023

A Residência Multiprofissional é uma importante estratégia de Educação Permanente (EPS) no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), sendo a primeira oportunidade para muitos recém-graduados de exercer sua profissão e adquirir experiência. O objetivo do presente estudo foi conhecer o perfil de profissionais egressos de um programa de Residência Multiprofissional em Cardiopneumologia no Ceará e sua inserção no mercado de trabalho. No estudo, transversal e quantitativo, coletaram-se dados socioeconômicos, sociodemográficos e sobre histórico no mercado de trabalho, entre junho e outubro de 2022, via formulário eletrônico enviado aos egressos. A grande maioria estava empregada, atuando no SUS como terceirizados, vinculados como celetistas ou cooperados, em áreas de atuação diversas, destacando o potencial de contribuição na saúde, na educação e na gestão pública. Estudos com profissionais egressos de outros programas hospitalares são necessários para melhor elucidar as potencialidades, contribuições e lacunas do processo formativo à inserção dos profissionais no mercado de trabalho.
A SAÚDE DE ADOLESCENTES NA VOLTA ÀS ATIVIDADES ESCOLARES PRESENCIAIS APÓS DOIS ANOS DE PANDEMIA DO COVID-19 – ESTUDO TRANSVERSAL DE BASE ESCOLAR EM PELOTAS/RS
Authors: Motta Tamires Carvalho , Da Cruz Julie Hellen de Barros , Da Silva Inácio Crochemore Mohnsam , Dos Santos Daniela Lopes , Bergmann Gabriel Gustavo
Published: March 2023

O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a percepção sobre a massa corporal, comportamentos relacionados à saúde, e a saúde mental de escolares adolescentes durante o período de retorno às atividades escolares presenciais com o período anterior à pandemia de COVID-19. O estudo foi realizado com 425 escolares (16,96±1,39 anos; 60,2% do sexo feminino) selecionados aleatoriamente de escolas das redes pública e privada de Pelotas/RS. Para a coleta dos dados foi utilizado um questionário de autopreenchimento contendo perguntas retrospectivas e atuais sobre as variáveis analisadas. Os resultados indicaram que a percepção sobre a massa corporal, o nível de atividade física, o tempo de sono, e a saúde mental (apenas para as meninas) estão piores (p<0,05) no momento atual quando comparados ao período anterior à pandemia. Por outro lado, hábitos alimentares e tempo de tela recreativo apresentaram melhores resultados (p<0,05) no momento atual do que no período anterior à pandemia. Estes resultados mostram um complexo panorama em relação à saúde de adolescentes no período de retomada das atividades presencias, tornando o retorno às atividades escolares presenciais um desafio para os próprios adolescentes, seus familiares, para professores, e para as escolas.
INTERNAÇÕES POR CONDIÇÕES SENSÍVEIS À ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: ASSOCIAÇÃO COM A COBERTURA DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA, 2015 – 2021
Authors: Braz Antônio Igor Duarte , Araújo Samila Torquato , Pereira Maíra Barroso , Mendonça Francisco Antônio da Cruz , Coelho Patrícia Borges Barjud , Madeiro Ana Paula de Sousa , Macêdo André Luiz Coutinho Araújo , Guimarães Manoel Pedro Guedes , Medeiros Melissa Soares
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar as tendências e associações relacionadas as coberturas e internações por condições sensíveis à atenção primária à saúde no município de Fortaleza/Ceará/Brasil, no período de 2015 a 2021. Métodos: Estudo transversal com dados secundários (Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde, E-gestor atenção básica e o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística). Utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson para as associações. Resultados: Foram registrados 176.330 internações por condições sensíveis, totalizando 8 principais, correspondendo a 78.5% do total. Obteve-se correlação inversa significativa entre a cobertura de atenção primária e internações por condições sensíveis: r=-0.86, (IC95%: -0.91/-0.61); p<0.001, bem como uma correlação moderada com cobertura de agente comunitário e internações (r=-0.59 (IC95%: -0.68/-0.54); p<0.001) Conclusão: O aumento das internações por condições sensíveis está diretamente relacionado com a cobertura da atenção primária. Além disso, enfrenta-se uma dupla carga de doenças, coexistindo as doenças infecciosas/parasitárias em concomitância com as crônicas.
Nomofobia
Authors: Martins Cláudio , Tavares Hermano
Published: March 2023

O termo nomofobia vem da expressão em inglês "no mobile", que significa sem aparelho celular. Junto ao sufixo "fobia", o termo significa o medo ou pavor de ficar sem o telefone celular ou, por extensão, ficar desconectado.
Tal medo irracional se deriva do pensamento de ser incapaz de usar o telefone por algum motivo, como a ausência de um sinal, o término do pacote de internet, falta de wifi ou a carga da bateria. Como a psiquiatria vê a nomofobia? Quais as principais comorbidades relacionadas e de que forma abordar e manejar o paciente?
Covid-19 e a trajetória do luto
Authors: Silva Antônio Geraldo da , Costa Gley Silva de Pacheco , Oliveira Kleber , Gorender Miriam Elza
Published: March 2023

A pandemia do Coronavírus mudou diversos aspectos na vida das pessoas, inclusive a maneira de passar pelo luto. Ao mesmo tempo que o número de mortes aumentou, os rituais de despedida foram proibidos devido às medidas sanitárias, bem como as etapas para a aceitação da perda foram modificadas.

Durante o programa, exibido em 26 de maio de 2020, os participantes falaram sobre a Covid19, períodos de luto, sobre o luto na terceira idade e muito mais.
A saúde mental das mães que precisam retornar ao trabalho: maternidade real
Authors: Cantilino Amaury , Lobato Letícia Ferreira , Rigonatti Luiz Felipe
Published: March 2023

Desde o início da gravidez, as mulheres se preparam para lidar com o pós-parto, que costuma ser uma das fases mais difíceis da maternidade. No entanto, para muitas delas, principalmente quando já estão inseridas no mercado de trabalho, o fim desta etapa vem acompanhada por outra fase complexa: a angústia, o estresse e o medo ao se darem conta que precisam se separar dos pequenos. Muitas vezes essa separação não é assimilada e isso acaba mexendo com a saúde mental da mulher.
No programa de hoje, vamos falar sobre esse assunto que gera tantas dúvidas e incertezas, principalmente pelo momento pandêmico que estamos passando com a transição do home office para o presencial.
Como o conhecimento sobre esquizofrenia pode combater o preconceito?
Authors: Araripe Neto Ary Gadelha de Alencar , Palma Sonia Maria Motta
Published: March 2023

Falar sobre saúde mental sempre foi um tabu e, historicamente, as doenças mentais são alvo de estigma. Se antes os padecentes de transtornos psiquiátricos eram considerados "demonizados", hoje em dia a falta de informação faz com que essas pessoas ainda sejam deixadas às margens da sociedade, sem receber o atendimento médico adequado e, muitas vezes, vivendo sem dignidade.

Uma das doenças mentais mais estigmatizadas é a esquizofrenia, caracterizada por pensamentos e comportamentos que parecem não ter contato com a realidade. O ABP TV de hoje vai abordar o tema "Como o conhecimento sobre esquizofrenia pode combater o preconceito?".
Impactos na saúde mental de vítimas de desastres naturais
Authors: Birman Eduardo , Mello Marcelo Feijó de , Berger William
Published: March 2023

Nos últimos meses, o Brasil testemunhou uma série de catástrofes naturais causadas pelas fortes chuvas de verão. Moradores da Bahia, Minas Gerais e, por último, de Petrópolis, no Rio de Janeiro, foram vítimas desses desastres, que causaram diversos danos à vida das pessoas.

Os impactos causados são enormes e vão desde prejuízos econômicos até a perda de entes queridos. Sem dúvidas, a saúde mental dos sobreviventes também é afetada negativamente.
Grandes vilões do cinema: o que a Psiquiatria tem a dizer?
Authors: Santos Junior Andres , Martins Claudio Meneghello , Fiks José Paulo , Gorender Miriam Elza
Published: March 2023

Quantas vezes você assistiu a um filme de terror ou suspense e se perguntou o que fez o vilão ficar daquela maneira? Ao longo da história do cinema, grandes vilões fizeram sucesso e deixaram algumas reflexões até hoje.

Suas ações foram motivadas apenas pela maldade ou existem explicações científicas para justificar essas atitudes? Será que eles padecem de transtornos mentais? O que a Psiquiatria tem a dizer sobre os grandes vilões?
Como funciona a mente humana?
Authors: Silva Antonio Geraldo da , Martins Cláudio
Published: March 2023

No episódio de estreia do nosso podcast o presidente da ABP, Antônio Geraldo da Silva, recebe o psiquiatra e vice-presidente da ABP, Cláudio Martins, para falar sobre como funciona a mente humana mostrando os impactos na infância, na formação da família, pequenas conquistas e relações amorosas e sociais.
Psiquiatria dinâmica
Authors: Silva Antonio Geraldo da , Cutin Sérgio
Published: March 2023

Dr. Antônio recebe o Dr. Sérgio Cutin para uma conversa sobre os processos emocionais, suas origens, funcionamento e os mecanismos mentais que passam pela Psiquiatria Dinâmica
Diagnóstico e tratamento dos transtornos alimentares
Authors: Hiluy João , Appolinário José Carlos Borges , Pedrosa Maria Amália Accari
Published: March 2023

Em fevereiro, a Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP promove a campanha contra o bullying, com o objetivo de chamar atenção para os impactos e riscos na saúde mental das vítimas dessa prática tão agressiva.Embora o bullying seja mais associado ao ambiente escolar, as tecnologias e as redes sociais possibilitaram a disseminação das agressões no ambiente virtual, com intensidade e dimensão bem maiores devido às filmagens, fotos e compartilhamentos nas redes. Ou seja, perde-se o controle de quantas pessoas estão visualizando e o que estão comentando, assim, aumentando, o nível da ofensa.
No ABP TV de hoje, vamos debater o tema cyberbullying e a cultura do cancelamento - um assunto muito pertinente nos dias de hoje.
Emergência psiquiátrica: saiba o que é agitação psicomotora
Authors: Périco Cintia de Azevedo-Marques , Rocha Gislene Alves da , Baldaçara Leonardo Rodrigo
Published: March 2023

A agitação psicomotora em pacientes com transtornos psiquiátricos representa uma situação frequente e clinicamente relevante não apenas nas emergências como também durante a hospitalização ou em ambientes psiquiátricos ambulatoriais. Para lidar com a agitação psicomotora, os profissionais de saúde devem ser bastante treinados, ter experiência para lidar com tais situações, além de tomar decisões técnicas e embasadas cientificamente.

Mas do que de fato se trata a agitação psicomotora? Quais são as causas? Como o médico psiquiatra deve abordar o paciente?

No ABP TV de hoje, vamos debater o tema Emergência psiquiátrica: saiba o que é agitação psicomotora.
PEMASANGAN LAMPU PENERANGAN JALAN UMUM BERTENAGA SEL SURYA DI PERUMAHAN PANDAN WANGI RW 09 BANDUNG YANG MENDUKUNG KAWASAN RENDAH KARBON DAN NET-ZERO EMISSION
Authors: Darlis Denny , Hartaman Aris , Priramadhi Rizki Ardianto , Suratman Fiky Yosef
Published: March 2023

Pembangunan rendah karbon dan Net-emission Zero pada tahun 2060 telah diprogramkan oleh pemerintah Republik Indonesia dalam mendukung visi Indonesia emas di tahun 2045. Salah satu fokus program yang dicanangkan oleh kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral RI adalah penggunaan Energi Baru dan Terbarukan di seluruh wilayah indonesia. Penggunaan energi terbarukan yang sudah sejak lama digunakan di indonesia adalah tenaga surya yang cukup melimpah karena posisi geografis indonesia yang dberada di garis Khatulistiwa. Energi ini cukup banyak dimanfaatkan untuk sumber energi lampu penerangan jalan. RW 09 Perumahan Pandanwangi Kelurahan Cijawura kota Bandung merupakan kawasan perumahan yang dihuni oleh 12 rukun tetangga dengan mayoritas penghuni adalah pensiunan rumah sakit dan ABRI. Untuk mendukung program pembangunan rendah karbon dan net-zero emission, warga RW 09 membutuhkan sarana penerangan jalan umum di beberapa tempat yang pemasangannya di luar program pemerintah, dalam hal ini dinas air bersih dan bina marga kota bandung. Untuk pemasangan secara mandiri, warga RW 09 perlu dibantu oleh institusi lain seperti Universitas Telkom Bandung yang kurang lebih berjarak 2.6 km. Pada kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini, beberapa akademisi dari Fakultas Ilmu Terapan dan Fakultas Teknik Elektro Universitas Telkom Bandung telah mengimplementasikan keilmuan dan keahliannya untuk menyelesaikan masalah warga RW 09 tersebut sekaligus memenuhi tugas Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi dengan melibatkan beberapa mahasiswa D3 Teknologi Telekomunikasi dan S1 Teknik Elektro. Dengan kegiatan ini masyarakat semakin menyadari pentingnya memahami tentang program Net Zero Emission dengan menggunakan Energi Terbarukan sebagai sumber listrik umumnya.
Value and Semantic Grounds for Obtaining Education in the Postgraduate Course of the National Research University
Authors: Dianov Sergei Aleksandrovich , Dianova Yuliya Viktorovna
Published: March 2023

The article deals with a range of issues related to motivation factors for admission to graduate school and behavioral reactions in the process of studying under the programs of scientific specialties in a modern national research university. Using the example of the implementation of postgraduate programs in political sciences at a technical university, the key motives of young specialists to continue their studies at the university are revealed. The features of the motivational and value sphere of graduate students mastering the training curriculum and performing the tasks of research work are determined. The reasons for expulsion from graduate school, the reasons for failure in the educational program, as well as the motives for frequent academic leave are analyzed. The article presents arguments in favor of the author's hypothesis about the need to develop postgraduate studies in the humanities and social sciences in technical universities. Political science education contributes not only to the conscious choice of the profession of an engineer or a highly qualified specialist for state and municipal service bodies. A young researcher gets the opportunity to recognize the value-semantic grounds for working in the organization of higher education. A potential high school teacher develops stable ideas about pedagogical ethics, about the psychology of communication with students of different age groups, about the inadmissibility of forms of deviant behavior when performing professional tasks.
Israel’s COVID-19 Diplomacy in Sub-Saharan Africa and Central Europe
Authors: Hasanoğlu Eldar , Çağlıyan Oğuzhan
Published: March 2023

Israel’s aid initiatives have historically been facilitated through the Agency for International Development Cooperation (MASHAV). However, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted MASHAV’s ability to provide assistance due to budget cuts and government instability. As such, Israel’s COVID-19 diplomacy initiative took on greater importance in maintaining its presence and reputation internationally. This article analyzes Israel’s approach to COVID-19 diplomacy, which involved providing medical teams, PPE, and surplus vaccines to approximately 20 countries, and examines the political and strategic calculations behind Israel’s decision to extend assistance to specific countries. The article argues that Israel’s COVID-19 diplomacy initiative was more limited in scope and geography compared to other countries with similar economic development levels, and aid efforts were concentrated in regions where Israel has sought to increase its involvement in recent years, particularly sub-Saharan Africa and Central Europe. Finally, the article assesses the impact of Israel’s COVID-19 diplomacy initiative on its diplomatic relations with recipient countries and the broader international community.
Türkiye's Middle Corridor and China's BRI: Identification and Assessment
Authors: AKÇAY Nurettin , Changgang Guo
Published: March 2023

China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and Türkiye’s Middle Corridor (MC) are two ambitious initiatives that foster trans-continental integration. These two grand schemes have been developed independently of one another. Nonetheless, they have the common objective of connecting Europe and Asia as well as facilitating commercial, economic, political, and socio-cultural interactions between the two continents. While the MC is one of the most important components of the BRI, the alignment of these two projects will offer a range of benefits for Türkiye’s MC, especially in finding alternative financing sources. This article aims to examine the history, objectives, and phases of Türkiye's MC. In doing so, it harmonizes the BRI with the MC and examines the opportunities that the integration offers for the region, as well as its inherent risks and challenges. This research is also significant and worthwhile as it provides insights into the compatibility of the BRI and the MC.
Governmental System Discussions Ahead of the 2023 Elections: Why the Nation Alliance’s Proposal for Semi-Presidentialism is not a Viable Option
Authors: Uzun Cem Duran
Published: March 2023

Ahead of the 2023 elections, one of the top items on Türkiye’s political agenda will relate to the different systems of government that various parties have proposed. The country overhauled its political system in 2017, replacing the parliamentary system with a Turkish-style presidential system. The differences between Türkiye’s system of government with the U.S. presidential system, along with other aspects of the Turkish system, have been the subject of public debate for a long time. Whereas the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) and the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) advocate the preservation of the current system, they have not completely ruled out potential revisions based on five years of experience. Türkiye’s opposition parties, in turn, unveiled a series of proposed constitutional amendments to which they collectively refer as the ‘augmented’ parliamentary system. This article analyzes the systems of government proposed by two major alliances, which will compete in the 2023 elections and the debates on their proposals.
Reclaiming the Umma from the Margins: The Case of Türkiye’s Hüda-Par
Authors: Çakır Ravza Altuntaş
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the relationship between an ethnic Muslim minority identity and transnational Muslim solidarity through the case study of HÜDA-PAR,1 the most organized political Islamic organization and the second-largest political party native to Southeast Türkiye. In this paper, it is scrutinized how the concept of ummah motivates the domestic/ideological, national, and transnational political discourse and initiatives of HÜDA-PAR. Based on interviews with senior members of the party, it is clear that HÜDA-PAR views “Islam as nationalism” while also adopting the ummah as a mechanism to voice the aspirations for greater Kurdish rights and interests. As a part of examining the party’s ideological position, the first section explores how ummah became an empowering notion within a national Turkish political structure. Section two illustrates the way the notion was used as a legitimizing force within the religiously conservative Kurdish social structure. The third section examines the notion’s unifying role with like-minded Pan-Islamic groups within the region they operate. The article also addresses the ambiguities that a mostly abstract and idealist ummahist approach to modern politics brings when faced with Kurdish nationalism, the regional realpolitik, and democratic pluralism.
Syrian Women in the Turkish Labor Market: Understanding their Labor Supply Behavior
Authors: Karahan Hatice , Gülen Ertosun Öznur
Published: March 2023

This study explores the various dynamics that Syrian women under temporary protection in Türkiye encounter in the labor market. By conducting a qualitative study on female Syrian employees residing in six different cities in Türkiye and basing our analysis on the neoclassical theory of labor supply, the study seeks to elucidate nationwide factors that potentially affect these women’s work decisions. It also attempts to identify if any differences exist in the labor market outcomes for Syrian women compared to their female Turkish counterparts or male Syrian counterparts. Therefore, the study employs a gender perspective and aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the experiences of working Syrian women by distinguishing them from the overall Syrian population living in Türkiye. Study findings point to both pecuniary and nonpecuniary factors that shape the labor supply behavior of these women.
Pembuatan Purwarupa Sarung Tangan Elektrik Untuk Membantu Proses Rehabilitasi Medis Pada Pasien Stroke Tangan
Authors: Pamungkas Muhammad Ilham , Hendrawan Aloysius Tommy , Muttaqin Aan Zainal
Published: March 2023

Penyakit stroke merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbesar di dunia. Penyakit ini disebabkan karena tersumbatnya aliran darah dan oksigen ke otak sehingga aliran darah ke otak dapat berkurang karena pembuluh darah mengalami penyempitan, penyumbatan atau pecahnya pembuluh darah tersebut yang mengakibatkan kelumpuhan pada beberapa bagian atau seluruh tubuh. Untuk mengembalikan fungsi tubuh pasien terutama anggota penting tubuh seperti tangan dibutuhkan proses rehabilitasi. Maka diperlukan proses rehabilitasi, salah satunnya degan cara menggunakan sarung tangan elektrik untuk meningkatkan elastisitas otot serta jaringan di area persendian tangan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jumlah sampel 20 orang. Pengisian kuesioner analisis kebutuhan menggunakan metode skala likert dengan melihat persentase tiap-tiap nilai variabel dengan hasil analisis sebagai berikut: S (setuju) 37 %, CS (cukup setuju) 31%, TS (tidak setuju) 17%, SS (sangat setuju) 12%, dan STS (sangat tidak setuju) 3%. Dari hasil ini maka diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa penderita stroke tangan menyetujui pembuatan sarung tangan elektrik untuk membantu proses rehabilitasi mereka. Oleh karenanya purwarupa sarung tangan elektrik akhirnya telah berhasil dibuat dan telah diuji cobakan.
Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Oligomers and Chains of Poly(benzodifurandione) (PBDF), A Highly Conducting n-Type Polymer
Authors: Ni Xiaojuan , Li Hong , Bredas Jean-Luc
Published: March 2023

The seminal development of highly electrically conducting polyacetylene via oxidative or reductive treatment (“doping”) has continuously inspired the search for other conducting π-conjugated polymers. Recently, poly(benzodifurandione), PBDF, was reported to have unexpected solubility given the absence of side chains and to exhibit an unprecedented, high electrical conductivity upon reduction (“n-doping”), with protons acting as counter-ions. Here, we theoretically investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of PBDF by taking long oligomers and one-dimensional (1D) periodic chains as model systems. With the oligomer models, we characterize the formation of polarons and bipolarons in n-doped PBDF. Our results indicate that singlet bipolarons tend to be the energetically most favorable species when protons bind to two adjacent carbonyl groups in nearest-neighbor benzodifuran moieties. The calculations on the 1D periodic chain models show that the positions of the protonated carbonyl groups determine the metallic, semiconducting, or insulating nature of a PBDF chain. When the protonated carbonyl groups are all situated on the same side of a PBDF chain, a stable helical chain configuration is found that exhibits ferromagnetic behavior. Our findings elucidate the mechanism of polaron and bipolaron formation in long oligomers of n-doped PBDF and highlight the fascinating electronic and magnetic properties of periodic 1D chains. These studies also provide a steppingstone for the investigations of PBDF thin films, for which two- and three-dimensional structures must be considered.
Edible Miombo Wild Mushrooms and Its Potential for Improving Livelihoods of People in Songea and Tabora Districts, Tanzania
Authors: Nyamoga G.Z.
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The study assessed the engagement of people in the collection of the miombo woodland wild edible mushroom species for domestic and commercial uses as means of improving the livelihoods of the people in the Ruvuma and Tabora Regions.

Design/ Methodology/Approach: Cross-sectional research designs were employed where data were collected once in each selected village in Ruvuma and Tabora region. A sample size of  152 from fourteen villages in Songea and Tabora Regions was sampled. Questionnaires, focus group discussions and key informant interviews were used in collecting data. Descriptive statistics were calculated and used to obtain total scores, means, frequencies and percentages which were used to describe the key findings. Qualitative information collected using focus group discussions and key informant interviews were summarized using content analysis.

Findings: About 98% of the interviewed people are engaged in mushroom collection implying the importance of this activity to villagers and other stakeholders along the mushroom value chain. Of the 28 different edible wild mushroom species identified, only five species i.e. ulelema (Amanita loosii), unguyugu (Cantharellus isabellinus), uhima (Clavulina wisoli), upowa (Lacturius edulis) and kansolele (Temitomyces microcarpus) were most preferred by local communities.

Research Limitation: The study was conducted on a limited sample size, which may not be representative of the population in the Songea and Tabora districts in Tanzania. The results of the study cannot be generalized to the entire population, as the sample size was not large enough to capture the diversity and variability of the population.

Practical Implications: Wild mushroom businesses can contribute significantly to food security and poverty alleviation in many parts of Tanzania where miombo woodlands are dominant. Mushroom farming can be an important activity for adding value to the miombo woodland forests hence improving its conservation at the same time providing additional income to the people.

Social Implications: Commercial production of mushrooms and other Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) along the miombo woodlands can contribute to the social welfare of the people within the communities adjacent to Miombo Woodland forests. This will also improve the engagement and participation of people in forest resources conservation activities.

Originality/ Value/ Novelty: The study highlights the potential of miombo wild mushrooms as an underutilized natural resource that could improve the livelihoods of people in Songea and Tabora districts.
Principles of treatment of different forms of alcoholic liver disease: A review
Authors: Raikhelson Karina L. , Kondrashina Elina A. , Pazenko Ekaterina V.
Published: March 2023

The review considers the principles of treatment of various forms of alcoholic liver disease from the point of view of the evidence base and clinical recommendations. The main therapy for severe alcoholic hepatitis is systemic glucocorticosteroids, their effect on survival is increased by the addition of antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine, ademethionine). The effect of ademetionine on the life expectancy of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis of ChildPugh class A and B has been proven. The treatment of patients with mild forms of alcoholic liver disease is not well developed, and the evidence base for most of the drugs used is modest.
Effectiveness of empirical Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy with furazolidone in Russia: results from the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori Management (Hp-EuReg)
Authors: Bordin Dmitry S. , Voynovan Irina N. , Sarsenbaeva Aiman S. , Zaytsev Oleg V. , Abdulkhakov Rustam A. , Bakulina Natalia V. , Bakulin Igor G. , Osipenko Marina F. , Livzan Maria A. , Alekseenko Sergei A.
Published: March 2023

Background. First-line therapy does not always provide a high level of Helicobacter pylori eradication due to the increase of H. pylori resistance to antibiotics; therefore, it remains necessary to identify the most effective rescue treatments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empirical H. pylori furazolidone-containing regimens.
Materials and methods. Adult H. pylori infected patients empirically treated with furazolidone-containing eradication regimens were registered in an international, prospective, multicenter non-intervention European registry on H. pylori management (Hp-EuReg). Data were collected at AEG-REDCap e-CRF from 2013 to 2021 and the quality was reviewed. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) effectiveness analyses were performed.
Results. Overall 106 patients received empirical furazolidone-containing therapy in Russia. Furazolidone was prescribed in a sequential scheme along with amoxicillin, clarithromycin and a proton pump inhibitor in 68 (64%) cases, triple regimens were prescribed in 28 (26%) patients and quadruple regimens in 10 (9.4%). Treatment duration of 7 days was assigned to 2 (1.9%) patients, 10-day eradication therapy in case of 80 (75%) and 14 days in 24 (23%) patients. Furazolidone was mainly used in first- (79%) and second-line (21%) regimens. The methods used to diagnose H. pylori infection were: histology (81%), stool antigen test (64%), 13C-urea breath test (6.6%), and rapid urease test (1.9%). The mITT effectiveness of sequential therapy was 100%; 93% with the triple therapy and 75.5% with quadruple therapy. Compliance was reported in 98% of cases. Adverse events were revealed in 5.7% of patients, mostly nausea (3.8%). No serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusion. Furazolidone containing eradication regimens appear to be an effective and safe empirical therapy in Russia.
Liver damage in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed celiac disease: clinical and anamnestic, serological and morphological patterns
Authors: Cherkasova Elizaveta A. , Klimov Leonid Ya. , Kuryaninova Victoriya A. , Yagupova Anastasia V. , Ivenskaya Tatyana A. , Gliva Anton V.
Published: March 2023

Hypertransaminasemia is a common extra-intestinal manifestation of celiac disease.
Aim. To analyze the frequency of hypertransaminasemia, clinical and anamnestic, serological and morphological picture in children in the active period of celiac disease.
Materials and methods. The study included 272 children with celiac disease aged from 8 months to 17 years. The patients were divided into two groups: the first children with hypertransaminasemia, the second without hypertransaminasemia.
Results. Hypertransaminasemia was detected in 55.9% of children with celiac disease. The age of manifestation of the disease in the first group was 1.0 [0.5; 2.0] years, in the second group 1.9 [0.5; 4.0] years (p=0.0004). Children of the first group were diagnosed at 2.5 [1.7; 4.9] years, the second group at 4.9 [3.0; 10.8] years (p0.001). The duration of the latency period in children of the first and second groups was 1.4 [0.6; 3.1] years and 2.4 [0.9; 4.3] years, respectively (p=0.002). The average values of IgA anti-tTG antibodies in children of the analyzed groups did not differ, and the indicators of IgG anti-tTG antibodies in the first group were 1.6 (p=0.04) times higher. The level of EMA in children with hypertransaminasemia was 2 times higher than in children without hypertransaminasemia.
Conclusion. Hypertransaminasemia is more often detected in young children with early manifestation of the disease, increases with the deepening of atrophy in the mucous membrane of the small intestine. Higher titers of celiac-specific antibodies were detected in children with hypertransaminasemia.
Sports in the Early Republican Period: The Turkish Sports Association Magazine as an Ideological Apparatus
Authors: KOÇER Dilara Nergishan
Published: March 2023

During the birth of the Turkish nation-state as a republic, sports became one of the dynamics of social transformation, and physical training and sports were described as a “case” in this period. The goal of this study is to reveal the role the journal of the Turkish Sport Association in the concretization and dissemination of the ideology of the regime. The study’s theoretical foundations are based on Althusser’s theory of the “ideological apparatus of the state”. The magazine published by this institution between 1936 and 1938 became the spokesperson of the official ideology in sports. This qualitative study, which explores the meanings and obligations attributed to sports in the Early Republic Period and the ways in which those messages were propagated throughout society, employed the descriptive analytic approach. The study reveals that sports in the magazine serve to embody and spread the official ideology through nationalism, which is one of the basic principles of the Republic; the “new woman” as the symbol of the Republic; and the relationship of the state with population-national defense, which is one of the most important problems of the state.
Pensamiento crítico como horizonte formativo en el currículum de ingeniería
Authors: Giuliano Héctor Gustavo , Abate Stella Maris
Published: March 2023

En este artículo se presentan algunas sugerencias acerca de cómo tematizar en carreras de ingeniería el desarrollo de competencias sociales, políticas y actitudinales que colaboren al despliegue de un perfil de egreso que garantice que el graduado posea una adecuada formación que lo habilite para aprender y desarrollar nuevas tecnologías, con actitud ética, crítica y creativa. Específicamente se focalizará en el pensamiento y el actuar crítico como saber enseñable. Se considera a este saber constitutivo de las habilidades intelectuales y actitudes profesionales que despliega o deberían desplegar los estudiantes en sus trayectorias formativas: leer y escribir textos académicos en contexto; argumentar y justificar decisiones, y analizar y proyectar procesos o artefactos tecnológicos contemplando la dimensión social, económica y ambiental. Finalmente, se suman algunas posibilidades, como puntos de referencia provisionales, para ayudar a pensar su inclusión en las propuestas curriculares.
UPF3A is dispensable for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay in mouse pluripotent and somatic cells
Authors: Chen Chengyan , Shen Yanmin , Li Luqian , Ren Yaoxin , Wang Zhao-Qi , Li Tangliang
Published: March 2023

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a highly conserved regulatory mechanism of post-transcriptional gene expression in eukaryotic cells. NMD plays essential roles in mRNA quality and quantity control and thus safeguards multiple biological processes including embryonic stem cell differentiation and organogenesis. UPF3A and UPF3B in vertebrate species, originated from a singleUPF3gene in yeast, are key factors in the NMD machinery. Although UPF3B is a well-recognized weak NMD-promoting factor, whether UPF3A functions in promoting or suppressing NMD is under debate. In this study, we generated aUpf3aconditional knockout mouse strain and established multiple lines of embryonic stem cells and somatic cells without UPF3A. Through extensive analysis on the expressions of 33 NMD targets, we found UPF3A neither represses NMD in mouse embryonic stem cells, somatic cells, nor in major organs including the liver, spleen, and thymus. Our study reinforces that UPF3A is dispensable for NMD when UPF3B is present. Furthermore, UPF3A may weakly and selectively promote NMD in certain murine organs.
Bats experience age-related hearing loss (presbycusis)
Authors: Tarnovsky Yifat Chaya , Taiber Shahar , Nissan Yomiran , Boonman Arjan , Assaf Yaniv , Wilkinson Gerald S , Avraham Karen B , Yovel Yossi
Published: March 2023

Hearing loss is a hallmark of aging, typically initially affecting the higher frequencies. In echolocating bats, the ability to discern high frequencies is essential. However, nothing is known about age-related hearing loss in bats, and they are often assumed to be immune to it. We tested the hearing of 47 wild Egyptian fruit bats by recording their auditory brainstem response and cochlear microphonics, and we also assessed the cochlear histology in four of these bats. We used the bats’ DNA methylation profile to evaluate their age and found that bats exhibit age-related hearing loss, with more prominent deterioration at the higher frequencies. The rate of the deterioration was ∼1 dB per year, comparable to the hearing loss observed in humans. Assessing the noise in the fruit bat roost revealed that these bats are exposed to continuous immense noise—mostly of social vocalizations—supporting the assumption that bats might be partially resistant to loud noise. Thus, in contrast to previous assumptions, our results suggest that bats constitute a model animal for the study of age-related hearing loss.