STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY OF UREA-AMMONIA MIXTURE APPLICATION WITH «DRAGON» APPLICATOR IN GROWING WINTER WHEAT
Authors: Novokhatskyi M. ,   L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Shustik L. , Sydorenko S. , Stepchenko S. , Klochai O. , Len O. ,   L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this research is determination of the effect of various methods of application of KAS by the DRAGON applicator from “ROPA-Ukraine” on the agrophysical and agrochemical parameters of the soil under crops during the growing season of winter wheat, the formation of biometric indicators and indicators of the yield structure and productivity of agrophytocenosis plants. Materials and Methods. Field studies on the application of KAS by the DRAGON applicator were conducted in the fields of the «Ploskivske» STOV farm, village Ploske, Bilotserkiv district, Kyiv region, on winter wheat crops and were accompanied by laboratory analyses and field observations. Statistical processing of accounting data was carried out by the method of variance analysis. The scheme of the experiment provided for the introduction of liquid KAS mineral fertilizers with the DRAGON applicator on the surface of the soil (plants) and into the soil with the help of injectors. Observations analyses and accounts accompanied experiments. To determine the structure of the crop, sample sheaves were selected. Conclusions regarding the effectiveness of applying a specific agrotechnical method were based on the results of comparing the values of the evaluation criteria obtained in the experiment with the values of the control variant. Results showed that application of fertilizers affects the supply of plants with available nutrients and is an effective means of increasing the productivity of field crops, including winter wheat. According to the results of the analysis of soil samples throughout the growing season of winter wheat, the content of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium in the soil was high and very high in all variants of the experiment. Before the onset of winter, the compaction density, depending on the variant of the experiments and the soil layer, was from 0.94 to 1.30 g/cm2. At the time of vegetation recovery, the density of the 0-40 cm soil layer was within 0.82-1.36 g/cm3. The maximum compaction density – 1.36 g/cm3 – was in the version of feeding by injection. At the same time, its indicators did not go beyond the optimal parameters. The difference between the number of plants per unit area, before reaching the phase of full ripeness on variants with different methods of KAS, was 9.5%: with injection application of fertilizers, the density of standing plants was 4.949 million pcs./ha, for surface – 5.420 million units/ha. The biological yield of winter wheat grain on the control option, where fertilization was not applied, was 75.7 c/ha. Fertilization of KAS crops contributed to an increase in yield by 6.7-13.6 t/ha. Conclusions. The use of the DRAGON - 6000 applicator manufactured by ROPA Ukraine LLC when applying KAS contributes to the retention of productive moisture, loosening of the soil, the rate of accumulation of above-ground mass, graininess of ears, the formation of better agrochemical and biometric indicators of the soil under crops during the growing season of winter wheat, the formation of better biometric indicators and indicators of the yield structure and productivity of agrophytocenosis plants. Keywords: Applicator, injector, fertilizers, fertilizer application method, urea-ammonia mixture, productive moisture, soil compaction, biological yield, yield structure.