bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from EphB4 Promotes Site-Specific Metastatic Tumor Cell Dissemination by Interacting with Endothelial Cell–Expressed EphrinB2
Authors: Héroult Mélanie , Schaffner Florence , Pfaff Dennis , Prahst Claudia , Kirmse Robert , Kutschera Simone , Riedel Maria , Ludwig Thomas , Vajkoczy Peter , Graeser Ralph , Augustin Hellmut G.
Published: January 2024

Abstract
The tyrosine kinase receptor EphB4 interacts with its ephrinB2 ligand to act as a bidirectional signaling system that mediates adhesion, migration, and guidance by controlling attractive and repulsive activities. Recent findings have shown that hematopoietic cells expressing EphB4 exert adhesive functions towards endothelial cells expressing ephrinB2. We therefore hypothesized that EphB4/ephrinB2 interactions may be involved in the preferential adhesion of EphB4-expressing tumor cells to ephrinB2-expressing endothelial cells. Screening of a panel of human tumor cell lines identified EphB4 expression in nearly all analyzed tumor cell lines. Human A375 melanoma cells engineered to express either full-length EphB4 or truncated EphB4 variants which lack the cytoplasmic catalytic domain (ΔC-EphB4) adhered preferentially to ephrinB2-expressing endothelial cells. Force spectroscopy by atomic force microscopy confirmed, on the single cell level, the rapid and direct adhesive interaction between EphB4 and ephrinB2. Tumor cell trafficking experiments in vivo using sensitive luciferase detection techniques revealed significantly more EphB4-expressing A375 cells but not ΔC-EphB4–expressing or mock-transduced control cells in the lungs, the liver, and the kidneys. Correspondingly, ephrinB2 expression was detected in the microvessels of these organs. The specificity of the EphB4-mediated tumor homing phenotype was validated by blocking the EphB4/ephrinB2 interaction with soluble EphB4-Fc. Taken together, these experiments identify adhesive EphB4/ephrinB2 interactions between tumor cells and endothelial cells as a mechanism for the site-specific metastatic dissemination of tumor cells. Mol Cancer Res; 8(10); 1297–309. ©2010 AACR.
Data from PRDM1 Is Required for Mantle Cell Lymphoma Response to Bortezomib
Authors: Desai Shruti , Maurin Michelle , Smith Matthew A. , Bolick Sophia C.E. , Dessureault Sophie , Tao Jianguo , Sotomayor Eduardo , Wright Kenneth L.
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an aggressive form of B-cell lymphoma with a poor disease-free survival rate. The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib is approved for the treatment of relapsed and refractory MCL and has efficacy in about 30% of patients. However, the precise mechanism of action of bortezomib is not well understood. This report establishes a requirement for the transcription repressor PR domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1, Blimp1) in the response to bortezomib. Bortezomib rapidly induces transcription of PRDM1 as part of the apoptotic response in both cell lines and primary MCL tumor cells. Knockdown of PRDM1 blocks activation of NOXA and inhibits apoptosis, whereas ectopic expression of PRDM1 alone leads to apoptosis in MCL. Two novel direct targets of PRDM1 were identified in MCL cells: MKI67 (Ki67) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Both MKI67 and PCNA are required for proliferation and survival. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and knockdown studies reveal that specific repression of MKI67 and PCNA is mediated by PRDM1 in response to bortezomib. Furthermore, promoter studies and mutation/deletion analysis show that PRDM1 functions through specific sites in the PCNA proximal promoter and an MKI67 distal upstream repression domain. Together, these findings establish PRDM1 as a key mediator of bortezomib activity in MCL. Mol Cancer Res; 8(6); 907–18. ©2010 AACR.
Table S1 from Weakly Supervised Deep Learning Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Solid Tumors Based on PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Ligero Marta , Serna Garazi , El Nahhas Omar S.M. , Sansano Irene , Mauchanski Siarhei , Viaplana Cristina , Calderaro Julien , Toledo Rodrigo A. , Dienstmann Rodrigo , Vanguri Rami S. , Sauter Jennifer L. , Sanchez-Vega Francisco , Shah Sohrab P. , Ramón y Cajal Santiago , Garralda Elena , Nuciforo Paolo , Perez-Lopez Raquel , Kather Jakob Nikolas
Published: January 2024

Model classification performance for the training (NSCLC-MSK) and test (pan-cancer-VHIO) cohorts: Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV). For the Pan-cancer cohort, the performance for the different tumor types is also reported.
Data from Weakly Supervised Deep Learning Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Solid Tumors Based on PD-L1 Expression
Authors: Ligero Marta , Serna Garazi , El Nahhas Omar S.M. , Sansano Irene , Mauchanski Siarhei , Viaplana Cristina , Calderaro Julien , Toledo Rodrigo A. , Dienstmann Rodrigo , Vanguri Rami S. , Sauter Jennifer L. , Sanchez-Vega Francisco , Shah Sohrab P. , Ramón y Cajal Santiago , Garralda Elena , Nuciforo Paolo , Perez-Lopez Raquel , Kather Jakob Nikolas
Published: January 2024

Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) IHC is the most commonly used biomarker for immunotherapy response. However, quantification of PD-L1 status in pathology slides is challenging. Neither manual quantification nor a computer-based mimicking of manual readouts is perfectly reproducible, and the predictive performance of both approaches regarding immunotherapy response is limited. In this study, we developed a deep learning (DL) method to predict PD-L1 status directly from raw IHC image data, without explicit intermediary steps such as cell detection or pigment quantification. We trained the weakly supervised model on PD-L1–stained slides from the non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) cohort (N = 233) and validated it on the pan-cancer-Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO) cohort (N = 108). We also investigated the performance of the model to predict response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in terms of progression-free survival. In the pan-cancer-VHIO cohort, the performance was compared with tumor proportion score (TPS) and combined positive score (CPS). The DL model showed good performance in predicting PD-L1 expression (TPS ≥ 1%) in both NSCLC-MSK and pan-cancer-VHIO cohort (AUC 0.88 ± 0.06 and 0.80 ± 0.03, respectively). The predicted PD-L1 status showed an improved association with response to ICIs [HR: 1.5 (95% confidence interval: 1–2.3), P = 0.049] compared with TPS [HR: 1.4 (0.96–2.2), P = 0.082] and CPS [HR: 1.2 (0.79–1.9), P = 0.386]. Notably, our explainability analysis showed that the model does not just look at the amount of brown pigment in the IHC slides, but also considers morphologic factors such as lymphocyte conglomerates. Overall, end-to-end weakly supervised DL shows potential for improving patient stratification for cancer immunotherapy by analyzing PD-L1 IHC, holistically integrating morphology and PD-L1 staining intensity.
Significance:
The weakly supervised DL model to predict PD-L1 status from raw IHC data, integrating tumor staining intensity and morphology, enables enhanced patient stratification in cancer immunotherapy compared with traditional pathologist assessment.
What Did We Learn about VADs in 2022?
Authors: Guglin Maya
Published: January 2024

This is our 9th annual literature review on mechanical circulatory support devices. Our previous reports were well received by the readers. In this paper, we summarized the most interesting and important, from our standpoint, publications from 2022. There may be some slight overlap with the end of 2021 because some papers were published online first, and the year of the publication changed when they became available in print. For the sixth time, we wrote a section on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) which primarily addresses new developments in veno-arterial ECMO. Readers who wish to supplement this review, argue with the author’s statements or express their opinions are encouraged to do so by sending letters to the editor at mguglin@iu.edu.
Highlights of the 2022 Brano Heart Failure Forum: Part One
Authors: Livil Ugo , Radovancevic Rajko , Vrtovec Bojan , Gregoric Igor
Published: January 2024

Since 2007, the Branislav “Brano” Radovancevic Heart Failure Forum (BHFF) has been held annually to provide a venue for experts to present and discuss “Innovations and New Treatment Strategies in Heart Failure.” Clinicians and researchers gather yearly in a different Eastern European city to discuss the latest in heart failure diagnostics and therapeutics. The 2022 BHHF forum was held on the 6th thru 8th of September 2022 in Trieste, Italy. It was attended by over 94 faculty from 14 countries. In addition, participation through online streaming was available. Throughout the forum, 17 sessions focused on challenges and solutions related to mechanical circulatory support and heart transplantation. This special issue of The VAD Journal presents a summary of conference highlights from available presentations.
Highlights of the 2022 Brano Heart Failure Forum: Part Two
Authors: Livl Ugo , Radovancevic Rajko , Vrtovec Bojan , Gregoric Igor
Published: January 2024

Since 2007, the Branislav “Brano” Radovancevic Heart Failure Forum (BHFF) has been held annually to provide a venue for experts to present and discuss “Innovations and New Treatment Strategies in Heart Failure.” Clinicians and researchers gather yearly in a different Eastern European city to discuss the latest in heart failure diagnostics and therapeutics. The 2022 BHFF forum was held on the 6th thru 8th of September 2022 in Trieste, Italy. It was attended by over 94 faculty from 14 countries. In addition, participation through online streaming was available. Throughout the forum, 17 sessions focused on challenges and solutions related to mechanical circulatory support (MCS) and heart transplantation. The second portion of conference highlights from available presentations is presented herein.
Seeing into the Future: HeartMate 3 to the Systemic Right Ventricle in a Completely Blind Patient with Congenitally-corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries
Authors: Ramchandani Juh , Shah Chirag , Saleem Kashif , Guglin Maya , Rao Roopa
Published: January 2024

A 24-year-old, blind male with congenitally-corrected transposition of the great arteries and systemic right ventricular failure presented with New York Heart Association class IV heart failure despite home inotropic therapy. He was not a transplant candidate due to psychosocial issues. He underwent a successful HeartMate 3 (Abbott Laboratories) placement with the implementation of techniques to guide home ventricular assist device care despite blindness.
‘If I knew more… I would feel less worried’: Filipino Americans’ Attitudes and Knowledge of Genetic Disease, Counseling, and Testing
Authors: Scherer Casey R. , Duquette Debra , Hodges Priscila D. , Macalincag Maricar , Shin Jennifer , Young Jennifer L.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: The field of genetics is rapidly expanding and people are increasingly utilizing genetic testing and counseling services. However, the current literature on genetic health topics and Filipinos remains limited, as many minority populations are not adequately studied. This study describes Filipino Americans’ attitudes and knowledge of genetic disease, genetic testing and genetic counseling. To address these knowledge gaps and reduce the burden of health disparities, the informational needs of Filipino Americans regarding genetic disease and genetic services must be understood in order to better tailor these services and outreach methods.
Methods: Fifteen semi-structured, qualitative interviews were held with individuals who self-identified as Filipino American between November 2022 and January 2023. Interviews were transcribed and coded using an iterative process.
Results: Most participants were familiar with genetic disease and believed that factors such as biology, as well as cultural factors such as upbringing and food, contributed to its development. The majority of participants had previously heard of genetic testing however most participants either did not know much, or were only familiar with ancestry direct-to-consumer genetic testing (DTC-GT). Most participants had not heard of genetic counseling and those that had heard of genetic counseling before did not understand its purpose. Overall, most participants had a positive attitude towards genetic testing and counseling. Participants identified benefits of these services including genetic disease prevention, management, and treatment. Participants stressed the importance of educating the Filipino community and shared their ideas for how to implement outreach efforts.
Discussion/Conclusion: This study found that Filipino Americans generally had a positive outlook on genetic testing and genetic counseling. We propose participant-generated ideas for outreach and education that may help inform future public health efforts to inform this population about genetic disease, testing and counseling.
A 9.73 GHz wide-band off-body patch antenna for biomedical applications
Authors: Goswami Niloy , Rahman Md. Abdur
Published: January 2024

The primary goal of this study is to design a simple antenna that has a wide bandwidth and low return loss for biomedical applications. The paper shows the recommended antenna’s three-stage modeling, with the goal of assessing every important parameter while a Teflon or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polymer substrate is used. In order to better comprehend, a comparison with prior studies employing teflon and similar substrate materials is conducted for the proposed patch antenna. The analysis includes the phantom model, evaluating performance criteria such as specific absorption rate (SAR), return loss, bandwidth, and gain values relevant to biomedical applications. The antenna works at two different frequencies: 9.73 and 9.39 GHz, one in free space and another in a skin-cotton layer. The bandwidth of the antenna is 4.067 GHz in free space at the resonance frequency of 9.73 GHz, where the return loss is -62.18 dB. The performance of the proposed antenna in the field of biomedical applications, its underlying reasons, and its impacts are discussed in detail in this study.
Free space optical communication system in the presence of atmospheric losses
Authors: V. Belgaonkar Vijayashri , Ramakrishnan Sundaraguru
Published: January 2024

Free space optical communication is gaining importance in the field of optical communication due to its high speed and high bandwidth applications. Free space optical communication system (FSOCS) provides many benefits as compared to traditional wireless communication system and fiber optic cables. This makes this technology the reasonable extension of metropolitan area network and also provides the quick recovery during natural disaster. This system performance is limited due to the atmospheric turbulence effect and various atmospheric losses such as rain, and fog. Gamma gamma atmospheric turbulent model is used to analyze the system performance in the presence of moderate to strong atmospheric turbulence. We have designed the FSO gamma gamma turbulent model with non-return to zero (NRZ) modulation format employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), spatial diversity multiple input multiple output (MIMO) (8×8) at various atmospheric turbulence levels and attenuation loss of 10 dB/km at the distance of 2-4 km. Using the proposed model, the link distance is enhanced up to 4km in the presence of turbulence and atmospheric losses with minimum laser transmitted power.
An efficient Grain-80 stream cipher with unrolling features to enhance the throughput on hardware platform
Authors: Ananth Raghavendra , Rao Malode Vishwanatha Rao Panduranga , Swamy Ramaiah Narayana
Published: January 2024

The stream cipher is a fundamental component of symmetric cryptography and offers unique implementation speed and scalability advantages. Additionally, the complexity of the cipher algorithm deployment environment forces new, appropriate designs and challenges on the already-existing cipher algorithms. To increase throughput, an efficient Grain-80 stream cipher with unrolling features is designed in this manuscript. The Grain-80 cipher uses an 80-bit key, and a 64-bit initialization vector (IV) and contains two feedback shift registers (linear and non-linear) and an output function. The register balancing and unrolling features of the proposed Grian-80 cipher combine to increase throughput while requiring little additional hardware. Low latency, fast throughput, excellent efficiency, and reduced attack susceptibility are all features of the unrolling architecture. The proposed Grain-80 cipher utilizes <1% chip area and operates at 542.7 MHz on Artix-7 field programmable gate array (FPGA). The proposed Grain-80 cipher improves the operating frequency by 14.85% over conventional Grain-80 cipher. The Grain-80 cipher obtains the throughput of 4.35 Gbps and 8.69 Gbps for unrolling factors 8 and 16, respectively. Lastly, the proposed Grain-80 cipher is compared with existing Grain-80 ciphers with improved throughput and hardware efficiency.
A novel two-tier feature selection model for Alzheimer’s disease prediction
Authors: V. Maju Sonam , Prakasi Oliver Sirya Pushpam Gnana
Published: January 2024

The interdisciplinary research studies of artificial intelligence in health sector is bringing drastic life saving changes in the healthcare domain. One such aspect is the early disease prediction using machine learning and regression algorithms. The purpose of this research is to improve the prediction accuracy of Alzheimer ’s disease by analysing the correlation of unexplored Alzheimer causing diseases. The work proposes Chi square-lasso ridge linear (Chi-LRL) model, a new two-tier feature ranking model which recognizes the significance of including diabetes, blood pressure and body mass index as potential Alzhiemer predictive parameters. The newly added predictive parameters of Alzheimer’s disease were statistically verified along with the conventional prediction parameters using chi-square method (Chi) as Tier 1 and an embedded model of lasso, ridge and linear (LRL) Regression for feature ranking as Tier 2. The performance of the proposed Chi-LRL model with selected features were then analysed using machine learning algorithms for performance analysis. The result shows a noticeable performance by selecting eleven significant features and a 4.5% increase in the prediction accuracy of Alzheirmer disease.
A modified type of Fletcher-Reeves conjugate gradient method with its global convergence
Authors: Weis Mohammed Ahmad Idress Amna , Omer Osman Yousif Osman , Zaid Almaymuni Abdulgader , Abdelrahman Abdalla Mohammed Awad , A. Saleh Mohammed , A. Ali Nafisa
Published: January 2024

The conjugate gradient methods are one of the most important techniques used to address problems involving minimization or maximization, especially nonlinear optimization problems with no constraints at all. That is because of their simplicity and low memory needed. They can be applied in many areas, such as economics, engineering, neural networks, image restoration, machine learning, and deep learning. The convergence of Fletcher-Reeves (FR) conjugate gradient method has been established under both exact and strong Wolfe line searches. However, it is performance in practice is poor. In this paper, to get good numerical performance from the FR method, a little modification is done. The global convergence of the modified version has been established for general nonlinear functions. Preliminary numerical results show that the modified method is very efficient in terms of number of iterations and CPU time.
In-depth exploration of digital image watermarking with discrete cosine transform and discrete wavelet transform
Authors: Apu Hosen Md. , Hoshen Moz Shahadat , Shalauddin Kabir Sk. , Nasim Adnan Md. , Md. Galib Syed
Published: January 2024

Digital image watermarking is a crucial technique used to protect the integrity and ownership of digital images by embedding imperceptible watermarks into the image content. This review concentrates on the utilization of discrete cosine transform (DCT) and discrete wavelet transform (DWT) in digital image watermarking schemes. DCT, widely used in image compression like JPEG, is an attractive choice for watermarking, modifying DCT coefficients with minimal impact on image quality. On the other hand, DWT offers multiresolution representation, enabling better localization and robustness against attacks. DWT-based methods use wavelet coefficients to embed watermarks in specific frequency bands or image regions. The review examines the strengths and weaknesses of DCT and DWT in digital image watermarking, exploring algorithms and approaches proposed in the literature. It also addresses challenges like attacks, synchronization, and robustness to image processing. Additionally, a comparative analysis of DCT and DWT-based methods considers imperceptibility, robustness, capacity, and computational complexity. By offering valuable insights, this review aids researchers and practitioners in implementing secure and efficient digital image watermarking solutions.
The hybrid of BERT and deep learning models for Indonesian sentiment analysis
Authors: Guna Mandhasiya Dwi , Murfi Hendri , Bustamam Alhadi
Published: January 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is one example of how data science innovation has advanced quickly in recent years and has greatly improved human existence. Neural networks, which are a type of machine learning model, are a fundamental component of deep learning in the field of AI. Deep learning models can carry out feature extraction and classification tasks in a single design because of their numerous neural network layers. Modern machine learning algorithms have been shown to perform worse than this model on tasks including text classification, audio recognition, imaginary, and pattern recognition. Deep learning models have outperformed AI-based methods in sentiment analysis and other text categorization tasks. Text data can originate from a number of places, including social media. Sentiment analysis is the computational examination of textual expressions of ideas and feelings. This study employs the convolutional neural network (CNN), long-short term memory (LSTM), CNN-LSTM, and LSTM-CNN models in a deep learning framework using bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) data representation to assess the performance of machine learning. The implementation of the model utilises YouTube discussion data pertaining to political films associated with the Indonesian presidential election of 2024. Confusion metrics, including as accuracy, precision, and recall, are then used to analyse the model’s performance.
Human addictive behavior prediction by using lime with ensemble model
Authors: Sabapathi V , Paul Peter Jacob Selvin , Thirumaran Chembian Woothukadu , Thinakaran Kandasamy
Published: January 2024

The data-driven techniques have utilized data mining and machine learning (ML) techniques in the biomedical and healthcare fields. The process of decision-making in uncertain contextual related to human addictions and emotions play an important role in the present research. The main aim of the research is to perform classification and generate a support system for uncertain addiction circumstances by proposing a technique for drug addiction treatment. The human behavior has majority shown challenges for the prediction of human behaviors that includes body poses estimation, movements and interaction with objects. This pose estimation has showed complexity with more pose aspects and the proposed research attempts to understand the human behaviors. The present research uses the local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) for finding the input features which are most important to generate a particular output based on decision service. LIME understands the model to perturb the data samples as an input and understands shows predictions change. Also, the ensemble classifier contains classifiers group that combines for performing the prediction of all unseen instances based on voting. The proposed LIME Feature-Ensemble classifier obtained 97.54% of accuracy when compared to the existing convolutional neural network (CNN) of 59.33% and Ensemble model of 93.33% accuracy.
Homogenous and multilayer electromagnetics models for estimating skin reflectance
Authors: Yousef Owda Amani , Owda Majdi
Published: January 2024

Reflectance measurements of human skin are widely limited over the millimeter wave (MMW) band in literature. This is due to the cost and technical difficulties of the experimental setup. This paper proposes homogenous and multilayer skin models for estimating the reflectance of the forearm and palm of the hand skin over the MMW band 30-100 GHz. The simulation results demonstrate that the differences in reflectance between the homogenous and multilayer models of forearm skin are limited to 0.014, indicating that the thin stratum corneum (SC) layer in the multilayer skin models has a minimal impact on the interaction with MMW of the forearm skin. However, in the palm of hand skin, there is a substantial difference in reflectance calculations between the homogenous and the multilayer skin models in the range of 0.099 to 0.143. These differences are attributed to the presence of a thick SC layer in the palm of the hand. Thus, the simulation results suggested that two-layer should be used for the palm of hand skin as it better captures the reflectance characteristics of this region. The importance of having those models are in calculating the skin reflectance that can be used for the non-invasive diagnosis of skin conditions.
Newton Bignotto à procura da democracia
Authors: Gonçalves Eugênio Mattioli
Published: January 2024

Resenha de: BIGNOTTO, Golpe de Estado: História de uma idéia. Rio de Janeiro, Bazar do Tempo, 2021.
O modelo de democracia contestatória de Philip Pettit
Authors: Barros Alberto Ribeiro Gonçalves de
Published: January 2024

Nas últimas décadas, o republicanismo voltou a ocupar um espaço relevante no debate político contemporâneo. No processo de retomada do pensamento republicano, observada principalmente na obra de Philip Pettit, um dos aspectos mais inovadores é a proposta de uma forma de governo capaz de efetivar o ideal de liberdade como ausência de dominação, denominada de democracia contestatória. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir o modelo de democracia contestatória proposto por Pettit.
Palestina vai à Copa: estudo das imagens circuladas digitalmente sobre demonstrações de apoio à causa palestina na Copa do Mundo da FIFA 2022
Authors: Baldin Vitoria Paschoal
Published: January 2024

O presente ensaio reflete sobre a circulação digital de imagens referentes a demonstrações de apoio à causa palestina ao longo da Copa do Mundo da FIFA realizada no Qatar em 2022. A partir da análise do compartilhamento de imagens de ativismo palestino nas redes digitais foi possível compreender que os ativistas celebravam tais demonstrações, utilizando o evento para difundir a causa palestina. Os registros fotográficos das demonstrações eram encarados como manifestações importantes para luta nacional, compartilhadas e reproduzidas em diversos perfis em plataformas digitais. Além disso, outras representações buscavam significar e legitimar essas ações em perspectiva política mais ampla,argumento que esses autores utilizaram durante a Copa do Mundo de Futebol, em decorrência de seu caráter como evento midiático internacional, para disputar visibilidade e legitimidade à causa palestina.
A determinação de um novo modo de vida em Espinosa e em Pascal
Authors: Souza Gabriel Frizzarin de
Published: January 2024

Espinosa e Pascal, respectivamente no proêmio do Tratado da Emenda do Intelecto e no opúsculo Sobre a conversão do pecador, colocam em cena a explicação de um processo que implica a instituição de um novo modo de vida e que representa, para a alma ou para a mente humana, uma profunda renovação de valores. Nessa explicação, ambos os autores abordam temas como a consideração por um bem verdadeiro, a perturbação entre tal consideração e a estima pelo que até então era objeto de deleite, a firme resolução e o desejo de buscar um bem verdadeiro e, por fim, a reflexão sobre os meios para alcançá-lo. Entretanto, o solo no qual esse processo se desenvolve parece separá-los, pois em Espinosa a resolução de buscar o bem verdadeiro é inerente ao esforço reflexivo, ao passo que em Pascal a conversão do pecador não se realiza sem a intervenção da graça. A questão que então se coloca é a de compreender o fundamento da instituição de um novo modo de vida cujo processo, se não parece se originar simplesmente de uma decisão voluntária, não é contudo equivalente para tais autores.
Le cosmopolitisme exclut-il la guerre? Leibniz critique de l'idée de la paix perpétuelle
Authors: Rateau Paul , Beserra Abel
Published: January 2024

L'objet de cet article est d'examiner la nature du cosmopolitisme leibnizien et les fondements sur lesquels il repose. Il tente de résoudre la contradiction apparente, chez le philosophe allemand, entre, d'une part, la défense d'un cosmopolitisme scientifique et théologico-moral, d'autre part un certain « réalisme » politique, guidé par la connaissance précise des relations internationales, la prise en compte des intérêts particuliers des Etats et le souci de préserver la « balance de l'Europe ». L'article vise à montrer comment ce cosmopolitisme n'implique pas un rejet, par principe, de la guerre ni l'adhésion au projet de l'abbé de Saint-Pierre d1instaurer une paix perpétuelle.
Characteristics of Coronary Atherosclerosis Related to Plaque Burden Regression During Treatment With Alirocumab: The ARCHITECT Study
Authors: Pérez de Isla Leopoldo , Díaz-Díaz Jose L. , Romero Manuel J. , Muñiz-Grijalvo Ovidio , Mediavilla Juan D. , Argüeso Rosa , de Andrés Raimundo , Fuentes Francisco , Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero Juan F. , Rubio Patricia , Álvarez-Baños Pilar , Mañas Dolores , Suárez Gutierrez Lorena , Saltijeral Cerezo Adriana , Mata Pedro ,   for the SAFEHEART Investigators
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND:

Intensive lipid-lowering therapy may induce coronary atherosclerosis regression. Nevertheless, the factors underlying the effect of lipid-lowering therapy on disease regression remain poorly characterized. Our aim was to determine which characteristics of atherosclerotic plaque are associated with a greater reduction in coronary plaque burden (PB) after treatment with alirocumab in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia.

METHODS:

The ARCHITECT study (Effect of Alirocumab on Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume, Architecture and Composition) is a phase IV, open-label, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial to assess the effect of the treatment with alirocumab for 78 weeks on the coronary atherosclerotic PB and its characteristics in subjects with familial hypercholesterolemia without clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Participants underwent a coronary computed tomographic angiography at baseline and a final one at 78 weeks. Every patient received alirocumab 150 mg subcutaneously every 14 days in addition to high-intensity statin therapy.

RESULTS:

One hundred and four patients were enrolled. Median age was 53.3 (46.2–59.4) years and 54 were women (51.9%). The global coronary PB changed from 34.6% (32.5%–36.8%) at entry to 30.4% (27.4%–33.4%) at follow-up, which is −4.6% (−7.7% to −1.9%;
P
<0.001) reduction. A decrease in the percentage of unstable core (fibro-fatty+necrotic plaque; from 14.1 [7.9–22.3] to 8.0 [6.4–10.6]; −6.6%;
P
<0.001) was found. A greater PB (β, 0.36 [0.13–0.59];
P
=0.002) and a higher proportion of unstable core (β, 0.15 [0.08–0.22];
P
<0.001) were significantly related to PB regression.

CONCLUSIONS:

Treatment with alirocumab in addition to high-intensity statin therapy might produce a greater PB regression in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia with higher baseline PB and in those with larger unstable core. Further studies are needed to corroborate the hypothesis raised by these results.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT05465278.
Body measurements in Icelandic horses used for two different purposes and the relationship to performance and usability
Authors: Söderroos D. , Stefánsdóttir G.J. , Gunnarsson V. , Rhodin M. , Ragnarsson S. , Jansson A.
Published: January 2024

Many horse breeds are used for a variety of tasks and studies have shown within breed variations in conformation depending on the task. The Icelandic horse is used for several tasks, e.g. leisure riding, competitions and tour riding. Research about conformation and relationship to subjectively assessed performance (usability) in Icelandic horses used by tourist companies and riding schools (TRh) are lacking. Back condition score has been shown to be associated with weight carrying capacity in the breed. However, the association between back condition score and angle and performance in Icelandic horses participating in a breed evaluation field test (BEFTh) and usability in TRh has not been investigated previously. The aim of the study was to compare body measurements in BEFTh and TRh and examine the relationship with riding ability in BEFTh and usability in TRh. Data of height at withers, back and croup, body condition score (BCS) and back angle were collected in 48 BEFTh (age 8 ± 2 years) and 65 TRh (age 14 ± 5 years). Transversal back angle at the 18th thoracic vertebra was determined using a flexible curve ruler. A questionnaire was used to evaluate the relationship between body measurements and owners’ assessment of usability in TRh. The relationship between back condition score and angle and riding ability was evaluated in BEFTh. Compared with TRh, BEFTh had a greater difference between height at withers and height at back and croup, lower BCS and greater back angle (). In TRh, height were positively correlated with usability (). Back condition score and angle were not associated with riding ability in BEFTh or usability in TRh (). In conclusion, body measurements differs between BEFTh and TRh and further studies are needed to investigate if the same conformation traits are associated with good performance in BEFTh and usability in TRh.
بين التحويل والتأصيل: نظريّة الترجمة عند طه عبد الرحمن
Authors: شمّا طارق
Published: January 2024

المستخلص

‫يتناول البحث الجانب التحويليّ للترجمة عند الفيلسوف المغربيّ طه عبد الرحمن (1944–) ضمن مشروعه الذي يسعى لتجاوز المركزيّة الغربيّة التي طغت على نظريّات الترجمة الحديثة؛ إذ ينتقد عبد الرحمن أساليب الترجمة في العصر العبّاسيّ التي التزمت بإعادة إنتاج التراث اليونانيّ دون مراعاة سياق التلقّي، ممّا أبقى الفلسفة الإسلاميّة أسيرة التبعيّة والنقل، من اليونان قديمًا إلى الغرب حديثًا. ويقترح بديلًا عن ذلك ما يسمّيه الترجمة “التأصيليّة،” التي لا تتوانى عن تحويل المنقول لإدماجه في إطار الثقافة المتلقّية وفق حاجات المتلقّي وليس الأصل. ويرى عبد الرحمن في هذا النوع من الترجمة ضرورةً لتأسيس فلسفة عربيّة إسلاميّة لا تخضع لأطرٍ نظريّة خارجة عن سياقها الثقافيّ والتاريخيّ، حتّى لو تطلّب ذلك التخلّي عن معايير الدقّة والأمانة. يقدّم هذا البحث قراءة تحليليّة ونقديّة لهذه الأسس النظريّة وتطبيقاتها في رؤية عبد الرحمن، الإشكاليّة أحيانًا، للتراث الترجميّ العربيّ ونظريّات الترجمة المعاصرة. كما يتحرّى الإشكاليّات المنهجيّة والفكريّة التي قد يثيرها التخلّي عن معايير الأمانة في الترجمة، مهما بدت تقليديّةً ومقيِّدة.‬
Water mites of the genus Lebertia Neuman (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Lebertiidae) from China, with description of three new species
Authors: WANG YU , JIN DAOCHAO , GUO JIANJUN
Published: January 2024

Three new water mite species of the genus Lebertia Neuman, 1880—Lebertia (Lebertia) gimina sp. nov., Lebertia (Mixolebertia) dinghuensis sp. nov. and Lebertia (Mixolebertia) wuyiensis sp. nov.—are described from China, along with one new Chinese record—Lebertia (Lebertia) ignatowi Sokolow, 1930. The key characteristics for the subgenera of Lebertia are given.
Two new species of Glaphyropyga Schiner (Diptera: Asilidae: Asilinae) from Peru
Authors: SÁNCHEZ PÁVEL
Published: January 2024

Two new species in the strictly Neotropical genus Glaphyropyga Schiner, 1866 are described from Peru; Glaphyropyga andina sp. nov. and Glaphyropyga monticola sp. nov., both from Cuzco, elevating to 14 the number of known species in this genus. A distribution map for the Peruvian species is given and a key to the known species is proposed.
A second species of Megipocerus Zakhvatkin (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Eurymelinae)
Authors: YAO YUQING , YAO ZHENGYUAN , LI GUOQING , ZHANG BIN
Published: January 2024

A second species of Megipocerus, M. hunanensis Zhang sp. nov., is recognized here from China, which can be easily distinguished from the type species, M. mordvilkoi Zakhvatkin, by numerous dark brown to black markings on the head and thorax, shorter male pygofer bearing four mastoid processes with longer process and short subapical processes. And the female of M. mordvilkoi was recorded in China for the first time, and an illustrated key is also provided.
Flexible work patterns and experiences of the work-family interface among Australian parents
Authors: Hokke Stacey , Mason Simon , Crawford Sharinne B , Cooklin Amanda R , Giallo Rebecca , Bennetts Shannon K
Published: January 2024

Flexible work is often heralded as a key solution to the work–family ‘juggle’, yet evidence of its effectiveness is mixed, and few studies consider how parents combine flexible work options to balance work and care. This study aimed to examine the interplay between formal (employer-provided) and informal (self-directed) flexible work arrangements and identify usage patterns that support parents’ management of the work–family interface. We examined data from 3669 coupled Australian parents collected in 2016–2017. Using latent class analysis, we identified three distinct patterns of total flexibility use (low, moderate and high). Parents who were low users had the poorest work–family experiences, reporting higher work-to-family conflict, lower work–family enrichment and less balance than moderate or high users. However, high users experienced higher family-to-work conflict, and greater flexibility uptake did not ease perceptions of time pressure. Overall, findings demonstrate that formal and informal flexibility is a beneficial resource for mothers and fathers.
Vignettes to Support Theory Refinement: Methodological Insights From a Realist Evaluation
Authors: Aldamman Kinan , Vallières Dr. Frédérique , Gilmore Brynne
Published: January 2024

Realist evaluation methodology aims to understand social programmes by revealing what works, for whom, in what circumstances, and how and why. Realist evaluation starts with generating initial programme theories (IPTs), which are subsequently tested and refined systematically using a multi-methods approach. This article describes a case study of the utilisation of vignettes, or short hypothetical stories, as part of the teacher-learner cycles recommended within realist evaluation. First, we explore the methodological alignment between vignettes and realist evaluation. We then present a specific case example of the application of vignettes as a data collection tool and discuss the potential advantages and the challenges of using vignettes within realist evaluation. Finally, we offer recommendations for researchers who wish to employ vignettes as a powerful instrument that can be used to better explain IPTs to participants and, in turn, enrich their participation in theory refinement within the realist evaluation framework.
A critical appraisal of the quality of data submitted by sub-Saharan African cancer registries to GLOBOCAN 2020
Authors: Ayubi Ereel , Lyus Rosanna , Brhlikova Petra , Pollock Allyson M.
Published: January 2024

Objectives

(a) To critically appraise the quality of data submitted by sub-Saharan African (SSA) cancer registries to GLOBOCAN 2020 and (b) compare the quality of data of the registries common to GLOBOCAN 2008 and 2020.

Design

Critical appraisal of cancer registry data quality using the Parkin and Bray framework.

Setting and Participants

GLOBOCAN 2020 cancer registry estimates for 46 countries in SSA. Forty-three registries in 31 (SSA) countries were identified from the GLOBCAN 2020 supplementary documents, of which data from 28 registries in 23 sub-Saharan African countries were publicly available.

Main outcomes measures

Data quality for 15 variables in four domains (comparability, validity, timeliness and completeness) were appraised using the Parkin and Bray framework. Results from the appraisal of GLOBOCAN 2020 sources were compared with previous findings for GLOBOCAN 2008.

Results

Compared with GLOBOCAN 2008, GLOBOCAN 2020 country coverage had increased from 21 to 31 countries with 15 countries having no established registries. Out of a total possible score of 15 for data quality, 18 of the 28 publicly available GLOBOCAN 2020 registries fulfilled a score of 5 or more compared with seven registries in GLOBOCAN 2008. Of the 17 registries common to GLOBOCAN 2008 and 2020, nine showed an improvement in data quality.

Conclusion

Country coverage and data quality have improved since GLOBOCAN 2008, however, overall data quality and coverage remain poor. GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates should be used with caution when allocating resources.
Conceptualisation of Nation Brands to Attract Foreign Direct Investment: An Integrated Model
Authors: V. S. Shyam , Khan Bilal Mustafa , Kapil Kanwal N.
Published: January 2024

A nation brand is defined as a brand of a country. Nations are not only political and sovereign entities, but also business entities that conduct foreign trade, promote talent and innovation, create knowledge, levy taxes and enact laws. As a whole, nations accumulate wealth, power and status and leverage their brand identities to further their strategic interests. This article looks at the theories of nation branding and its implications on attracting foreign direct investment (FDI). FDI inflow has been studied by various researchers. The impact of nation branding on FDI has not been studied from an integrated perspective. This article analyses all the papers published in the field from 1969 when the genre of research was first mentioned in management literature and the factors presented by various researchers and place brand practitioners up to 2022 and combines them all into one integrated statistically testable model. The article analyses the factors from three perspectives—that of the governments and investment promotion agencies, external brand analysts and ranking consultancies as well as that of the investors.
Impact of CFTR modulators on exercise capacity in adolescents with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ahmed Molla Imaduddin , Dayman Naomi , Blyth Natalie , Madge Joe , Gaillard Erol
Published: January 2024

Background

Exercise capacity is an independent predictor of clinical worsening in cystic fibrosis (CF). There is limited evidence of the impact of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulators on exercise capacity in children with CF. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of CFTR modulators on exercise capacity in a cohort of adolescents with CF.

Methods

A prospective single-centre cohort study was carried out. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) was performed at baseline, prior to starting Symkevi or Kaftrio and between 4 and 8 months after starting treatment.

Results

19 adolescents with CF had CPET performed prior to and after CFTR modulator treatment, between December 2019 and March 2022. Breathing reserve improved in the whole cohort, with greater improvement in the modulator-naïve patients after starting treatment with Kaftrio. There was no improvement in peak oxygen uptake and anaerobic threshold after 4 to 8 months of treatment with CFTR modulators.

Conclusion

Exercise testing with CPET can be used as an additional tool to monitor response to CFTR modulators. Breathing reserve on CPET may provide a surrogate marker to monitor the improvement in CF lung disease with CFTR modulator treatment.
Involvement of the ipsilateral-to-the-pain anterior–superior hypothalamic subunit in chronic cluster headache
Authors: Ferraro Stefania , Nigri Anna , Bruzzone Maria Grazia , Medina Carrion Jean Paul , Fedeli Davide , Demichelis Greta , Chiapparini Luisa , Ciullo Giuseppe , Gonzalez Ariosky Areces , Proietti Cecchini Alberto , Giani Luca , Becker Benjamin , Leone Massimo
Published: January 2024

Background

Despite hypothalamus has long being considered to be involved in the pathophysiology of cluster headache, the inconsistencies of previous neuroimaging studies and a limited understanding of the hypothalamic areas involved, impede a comprehensive interpretation of its involvement in this condition.

Methods

We used an automated algorithm to extract hypothalamic subunit volumes from 105 cluster headache patients (57 chronic and 48 episodic) and 59 healthy individuals; after correcting the measures for the respective intracranial volumes, we performed the relevant comparisons employing logist regression models.

Only for subunits that emerged as abnormal, we calculated their correlation with the years of illness and the number of headache attacks per day, and the effects of lithium treatment. As a post-hoc approach, using the 7 T resting-state fMRI dataset from the Human Connectome Project, we investigated whether the observed abnormal subunit, comprising the paraventricular nucleus and preoptic area, shows robust functional connectivity with the mesocorticolimbic system, which is known to be modulated by oxytocin neurons in the paraventricular nucleus and that is is abnormal in chronic cluster headache patients.

Results

Patients with chronic (but not episodic) cluster headache, compared to control participants, present an increased volume of the anterior–superior hypothalamic subunit ipsilateral to the pain, which, remarkably, also correlates significantly with the number of daily attacks. The post-hoc approach showed that this hypothalamic area presents robust functional connectivity with the mesocorticolimbic system under physiological conditions. No evidence of the effects of lithium treatment on this abnormal subunit was found.

Conclusions

We identified the ipsilateral-to-the-pain antero-superior subunit, where the paraventricular nucleus and preoptic area are located, as the key hypothalamic region of the pathophysiology of chronic cluster headache. The significant correlation between the volume of this area and the number of daily attacks crucially reinforces this interpretation. The well-known roles of the paraventricular nucleus in coordinating autonomic and neuroendocrine flow in stress adaptation and modulation of trigeminovascular mechanisms offer important insights into the understanding of the pathophysiology of cluster headache.