bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk of Manual Handling and Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Rice Mill Workers in Northern Iran
Authors: Rafiee Maryam , Zokaei Mojtaba , Marzijarani Mohaddese Bayat , Khotbesara Negar Safarpour
Published: December 2023

Background: Nowadays, a large proportion of work-related activities are performed manually, which has led to an increase in the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aims to assess the risk of manual material handling (MMH) and estimate the prevalence of MSDs among workers in rice mills in the northern part of the country.
Methods: The study was conducted on 100 workers employed in 36 rice mills in Gilan Province using the census method. The Nordic questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, while the NIOSH equation, Snook table, KIM-LHC and MAC assessment methods were used to evaluate the risk of related activities. Data were then analysed using chi-squared test and Spss23 software.
Results: The results of the KIM-LHC and MAC lifting methods showed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the lower limb during lifting. Similarly, there was a statistically significant relationship (P=0.001 and P=0.002) between the Mac and Snook lifting methods. However, there was no significant relationship between the Niosh method and either the Kim-LHC or Mac-Lifting methods (P=0.10 and P=0.28).
Conclusion: The results of the risk assessment using different methods showed a consistent and critical condition of the working environment in the rice mills studied. Therefore, it is imperative to take the necessary engineering and management control measures to improve the working conditions.
Blood Serum Levels of Magnesium in Patients with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
Authors: Akbarpour Maliheh , Jalali Mir Mohammad , Sadeghzadeh Nafiseh
Published: December 2023

Background and Aim: Magnesium is essential for the morphogenesis of otoconia. The imbalance in the chemical composition of otoconia can make people susceptible to Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV). The primary outcome was to compare serum magnesium levels in BPPV patients with controls. The Ca/Mg ratios in participants are also recorded and analyzed in the present study.
Methods: In this case-control study, we measured the serum Mg, Ca, and vitamin D in BPPV patients and age-, sex-matched subjects without BPPV. The results were adjusted for Ca, vitamin D, hypertension, and body mass index.
Results: A total of 123 BPPV patients participated in this study. The mean Mg value was higher in patients than controls (2.01 vs. 1.95 mg/dL, p=0.030). Condition logistic regression analyses showed a higher rate of BPPV among subjects with low Ca/Mg ratio (quartile 1), relative to subjects with medium ratio (quartiles 2 and 3) (adjusted OR: 3.92, p=0.003).
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated an imbalance of Ca and Mg in the BPPV patients as significantly higher Mg levels and lower serum Ca/Mg ratio. Although it appears decreased Ca/Mg ratio to be a risk factor for BPPV, this result should be confirmed in confirmatory studies.
 
Keywords: Magnesium; calcium; benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; otolithic membrane; matched-pair analysis
Exploring Factors Influencing the Workload in Nursing Assistants: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Ghasemi Mohammad Sadegh , Garosi Ehsan , Dehghan Naser , Kaboli Maryam
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives: A high workload is a major challenge to health care workers, especially first- line supporters, like nurse assistants, and this has many negative consequences. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting the workload of nurse assistants in one of Tehran hospitals.
Methods: The research is descriptive- qualitative using qualitative content analysis, with the participation of 13 nurse assistants selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi- structured interviews and after each interview, the data were loaded and analyzed in MAX QDA software and this process continued until data saturation. Please match the last sentence with the farsi version.
Results: In the findings of continuous data analysis, a total of 473 codes were found in the factors affecting workload in the process of nurse assistants' work system. Finally, they were classified into five categories of Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model (person, task, organization, tools, equipment and environment).
Conclusion: Most factors affecting workload are obtained in the organizational component and the least in the environmental component of the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model, which indicates the significant role played by interpersonal relationships in the workplace and hospital rules on the workload of nurse assistants.
Design and Development of a Visual Comfort Questionnaire (VCQ) for Employees in the Workplace
Authors: Rahmiani-Iranshahi Mostafa , Shafiee-Motlagh Masoud , Dortaj Elahe , Farhadian Maryam
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives: Visual comfort is an important and influential factor on safety, mental health, sleep quality, and musculoskeletal disorders of employees in the workplace. This study aimed to design and develop a questionnaire to assess the visual comfort of employees in the workplace.
Methods: The study was performed on 101 participants (88 men and 13 women) in the food industry. First, the available lighting questionnaires in the field of lighting were reviewed, and a question bank was set up. Twenty questions were considered in two sections of natural and artificial lighting (10 questions in each section) based on the opinion of 10 experts in this field. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed using the content validity index (CVI) based on the comments of experts. To validate the questionnaire in the workplace, The lighting of employees' workstations was evaluated according to the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America (IESNA) standards and compared with the results of the questionnaire.
Results: The Cronbach's alpha of natural and artificial lighting visual comfort questionnaire was 0.858 and 0.922, respectively. The total CVI of the questionnaire was 1. There was a significant positive relationship between the score of the visual comfort questionnaire and the workstations' illumination (P = 0.001). More than 97% of employees who had workstations with the desired lighting reported excellent levels of visual comfort.
Conclusion: The visual comfort questionnaire had good and acceptable reliability and validity. This tool is recommended for the use of visual comfort asessments of employees in work environments given the fewer number of and simplicity of sentences.
Comparative Study of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Quality of Life between Traditional and Semi-modern Paddy Farmers of Gilan
Authors: Rashidi-Molkesari Parichehr , Gorgani-Firoozjaei Mohsen , Tabatabaei Shahnaz , Chaharaghran Fatemeh
Published: December 2023

Background and Objectives: Musculoskeletal disorders and low quality of life are the most common problems among paddy farmers in the world. Paddy farmers are exposed to inappropriate postures, long working hours and stressful environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to compare different farming methods of rice cultivation (traditional and semi-modern) on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and life quality of paddy farmers.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in rice fields with 150 paddy farmers as a sample group (100 traditional paddy farmers and 50 semi-modern paddy farmers). Musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life were assessed using the Nordic questionnaire and the Lancashire Quality of Life Profile, respectively.
Results: The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the neck, lower back and shoulders is higher in traditional paddy farmers compared to farmers who work in semi-modern rice cultivation system. Present results demonstrated that there was no significant difference between various rice cultivation methods and musculoskeletal disorders on life quality. Furthermore, different farming methods of paddy cultivation have no significant effect on paddy farmers' life quality.
Conclusion: The prevalence of lower back musculoskeletal disorders among paddy farmers portrays the consequence from long-term exposure to inappropriate posture from strenous activity.
Challenge of Managing Hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualita-tive Study
Authors: Najafi Marziyeh , Arab Mohammad , Pouragha Behrooz , Nazari Morteza , Rajaee Roya , Vaziri-Seta Masoumeh , Mahmoudi Mohsen Seyed
Published: December 2023

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed many challenges on the health system and hospitals to provide services. This study investigated the difference between factors affecting hospital management which considered in preparing a disaster management plan for hospital in the face of a pandemic based on the experiences of hospital managers.
Methods: This qualitative research was conducted on selected hospitals affiliated in Alborz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Data were gathered with purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews with 16 hospital managers. MAXQDA 10 and framework analysis were used to analyze the data.
Results: The results were categorized in four categories: 1) Mitigation including staffing, bed capacity, enough space for quarantines, protective equipment, diagnosis and treatment equipment, funding, medicines, patient follow-up, management and leadership; 2) Preparedness such as crisis committee, preparedness and response plan, measures, action plan; 3) Response including motivating health workers, cooperation and coordination; 4) Recovery and lessons learned including providing facilities, expediting patient processes, control, economic conditions, and planning better, passive defense, regular crisis committee meetings, human resources, documentation and use of information systems in planning.
Conclusion: In addition to providing the necessary infrastructure, it is important to plan for fair distribution of resources and effective supply chain management. A mechanism should also be developed at the national level to anticipate future health crises and to prevent and control diseases in the most effective way.
The use of electrophoretic analysis to determine the polymorphism of vegetable bean varieties
Authors: Pankrutskaya E. V. , Skorina V. V.
Published: December 2023

Relevance. In Belarus, no full-fledged studies have previously been carried out to identify species diversity, to identify forms of vegetable beans that have similar genetic diversity. The purpose of the research is to determine the number and ratio of biotypes, to identify the level of genetic polymorphism in vegetable bean varieties by electrophoresis of storage proteins.Materials and Methods. The research was carried out at the BSAA in 2021–2022 on soddy-podzolic medium loamy soil. The experience was based on generally accepted methods and guidelines. The objects of research were 42 varieties of vegetable beans (34 - bush form) and (8 - climbing) of Belarusian and Russian selection. Analysis of seed storage proteins in vegetable bean varieties and identification of spectra were carried out according to the methods. To assess the differentiating positions (zones) of the spectrum, identify protein components, and estimate the molecular masses of proteins, standard marker solutions of proteins “Thermo Scientific” – Unstained Protein Ladder (range 5–112 kDa, number of identified proteins – 11) were used.Results. Differences between genotypes were revealed in internal genetic diversity and elements of the protein spectrum of globulins. It has been established that vegetable bean varieties are characterized by hidden genetic variability and a certain level of polymorphism with a different number of biotypes in the structure of the varietal population. In 60% of the analyzed forms, there is a direct relationship between the manifestation of rare, selection-significant components and the degree of complexity of the total component composition of the protein spectrum. This criterion has practical significance and can be used in breeding work with the vegetable bean crop.
木质纤维素生物质的化学预处理、厌氧消化和生物甲烷化
Authors: Omondi Erick Auma , Kegode Arnold Aluda
Published: December 2023

由于当前气候变化的影响，我们需要推广和使用可再生能源以避免化石燃料带来的日益严重的环境和健康问题。木质纤维素生物质（lignocellulosic biomass, LCB）来源丰富和原料特性多，是一种前景广阔的可再生可持续能源。厌氧消化（anaerobic digestion, AD）涉及一个生化过程，通过甲烷菌和硫酸盐还原菌等微生物的作用，可将LCB通过水解和生物甲烷化过程转化为沼气。低浓度沼气在水解过程中会释放出各种还原糖，这些还原糖对生产生物乙醇和沼气等生物燃料、有机酸、酚类和醛类至关重要。由此产生的沼气可以补充能源需求，同时实现经济、环境和健康效益。通过适当的预处理，破坏复杂的木质纤维素结构，使纤维素和半纤维素脱离木质素的束缚，从而进行酶糖化和发酵，可以提高低浓生物质转化为生物能源的AD过程。确定AD的最佳预处理技术对于低浓度木质纤维素能源生产过程的成功至关重要。本研究评估了化学预处理在改善LCB消化以生产生物能源方面的应用，该研究回顾了LCB特性、AD过程以及各种化学预处理技术（如酸、碱、有机溶剂、臭氧分解和离子液体）的作用。这项研究的结果使人们了解了不同LCB化学预处理技术的作用方法和优点，同时强调了采取不同策略的主要缺点。
Sources of left-wing attitudes towards the activism of local groups
Authors: Bednarczuk Arkadiusz
Published: December 2023

Some leftist intellectuals distance themselves from local activism and accuse it of neglecting political goals and being insensitive to cultural problems. Their critique of activism is based on patterns drawn from modernization discourse and often reveals classism toward the poorer strata of society. The deprecation of local activism is linked to the shift in traditional leftist discourse and its refocusing on cultural problems. Furthermore, it is associated with the political development of the metropolitan middle class. The radicalization of demands in the cultural sphere to politically win over the middle class means that, from the perspective of local communities, leftist discourse loses its credibility as a force capable of systemic change and poverty reduction. In addition, a leftist critique of local activism often repeats the value-laden models that were used during the systemic transformation of the 1990s and served at the time as an ideological justification for exploitation and middle-class supremacy. All this makes the leftist critique of local activism a de facto class critique, conducted in the interests of the middle class.
A Comparative Analysis of the Student Loan Systems in China with the United States Federal Student Loan Programs in the Context of Higher Education Universalisation
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Ren Zhengyang , Cha Sunghyun
Published: December 2023

[Purpose] This study aimed to comprehensively examine the current situation of Chinese student loan system in the context of the universalisation of higher education in China, and to make feasible recommendations for improvement based on a comparative analysis with the United States federal student loan system.
[Methods] Using a comparative research method, this study provided a detailed analysis that outlines the critical differences between the student loan systems in China and the U.S. Pivotal points include access to information channels, required documentation, loan types, support scope, and repayment strategies. Data were collected from official national websites, policies, and a range of secondary data sources.
[Results] The study showed that central governments in both China and the U.S. have played an important role in guiding the student loan system to promote educational equity. However, significant gaps and limitations have been identified in Chinese student loans. These include the fragmentation of information channels and the complexity of the application process; the uniformity of loan types; the narrow scope of support; and the unity of repayment options. In contrast, the U.S. has a more mature and detailed system with features such as specialised student loan administration and servicing agencies, the convenience of online services, the diversity of loan types, the breadth of support and the flexibility of repayment plans.
[Conclusion] This study suggested that China should improve the efficiency of its student loan system by borrowing from the U.S. federal student loan system. Specific strategies include building an efficient student loan platform that integrates online and offline services; expanding the types and amounts of loans and implementing a total loan limit model; and promoting the implementation of Income-Driven Repayment Plans to meet the needs of more students.
Economic Impact of Universities in the United States
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Ko Jang Wan , Park Jihoe
Published: December 2023

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to analyze how economic impact analysis is conducted in universities in the U.S. and to derive meaningful insights for Korean universities when measuring the economic ripple effects on their local communities.
[Methods] To achieve this, we conducted a case analysis of universities in the U.S. that regularly perform economic impact analyses. We reviewed more than 100 national universities and 50 liberal art colleges, and finally selected 5 universities for this study
[Results] The study found that the economic impact analysis of universities vary depending on university type, mission and purpose of study of each university. The case universities tend to use the IMPLAN model with key indicators including operational, research, construction, employment, students, visiting spending. Public universities also tend to include tax revenue.
[Conclusion] By measuring the economic impact of their universities, universities in the U.S. are emphasizing their social role and using it as a tool for government and community collaboration. In Korea, universities should also measure their economic and social impacts to not only prove the value of their universities, but also to encourage cooperation with the government, local governments, and local communities.
Understanding Adult Immigrants’ Higher Education Access: South Korean Case
Authors:   Korean Comparative Education Society, Shim Woo-jeong , Lee Romee , Ha Jiyoung
Published: December 2023

[Purpose] This study aims to understand the characteristics of adult immigrants who aspire to enter or have entered higher education institutions in South Korea from a lifecourse perspective.
[Methods] Through an online survey, we collected data from 407 adult immigrants residing across the nation, seeking to explore the intricate interplay of pre-migration and post-migration factors that shape their educational aspiration and access to higher education.
[Results] Our analysis revealed that pre-migration factors, such as prior education and job experiences, played a significant role, as did post-migration factors like participation in Korean language education programs. Additionally, we found that post-migration life conditions, such as current household income, marital status, and nationality significantly influenced adult immigrants' access to higher education.
[Conclusion] These findings highlight the importance of understanding adult immigrants' educational aspirations or access within the broader context of their own lifecourse trajectory. By adopting a lifecourse perspective, we shed light on the multifaceted nature of the factors that influence adult immigrants' pursuit of higher education in South Korea.
Metaphorical transfer of meaning in polysemants (using the example of polysemantic composites as part of verb word-formation nests of the Russian language)
Authors:   Arzamas Branch of Nizhny Novgorod Research  University named after N.I. Lobachevsky, Krupnova Nataliya A.
Published: December 2023

The multivalued composites of the Russian language are described from an epidigmatic point of view. The semantic structure of four-, three- and two-digit composites in the verb nests of the Russian language is analyzed. During the review of the claimed units, it was found out that metaphor as a type of transfer of meaning occupies a dominant position among other types of transfer. By metaphorical transfer, 58% of secondary, nominative values in the units under consideration are formed. The general semantic feature, as the study showed, is both positive and negative in nature. It is also either external or internal in individual units.
Euphemisms and disphemisms in the Russian language consciousness
Authors:   Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Agafonova Kristina E.
Published: December 2023

The cognitive-communicative linguistics studies, in particular, meta-sense, i.e. everything expressed indirectly and implied in oral and written texts. The range of interests of cognitive linguistics includes the problems of understanding and applying meta-sense in figures of indirect communication. Also, linguists focus on the problem of understanding and application of these hidden linguistic means on the knowledge, behavior and emotions of communication participants. To reveal the meta-sense in texts, we use practices of cognitive-communicative linguistics. The article presents examples of the semantic-synonymous scales created by the pretext programs of euphemisation and disphemisation of oral and written speech. The study also demonstrates how the processes of euphemization and dysphemization can affect entire texts, giving them a negative or positive modality.
New in the lexicography of archaisms of the Dagestan languages — Avar and Dargin
Authors:   Tsadasa Institute of Language, Literature and Art  Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Science, Otsomieva-Tagirova Zabihat M. , Yusupov Khizri A.
Published: December 2023

The dynamic nature of the language is associated with the continuous development of the lexical composition. The main process that causes changes in the vocabulary of the language, of course, is the archaization of the lexical fund. However, neither the issues related to the archaization of the vocabulary of Dagestan languages, nor the issues related to the dictionary description of this layer of the lexical fund, in particular, with the inclusion or non-inclusion of certain obsolete words in the dictionary, have been insufficiently investigated. Currently, there is an active lexicographic work and therefore the issues of the study of outdated vocabulary and its lexicographic description are very relevant. This article presents some results of the analysis of the outdated vocabulary of two closely related languages — Avar and Dargin.
The image of a reader in the creative heritage of I.A. Goncharov: Genesis and transformation
Authors:   Omsk State Pedagogical University, Prodanik Nadezhda V.
Published: December 2023

The article deals with the images of explicit and implicit readers in the early and late works of I.A. Goncharov: the stories “Dashing Sick” and “Happy Mistake”, the novels “Ordinary History” and “Oblomov”, literary and critical articles of the writer are also researched. The literary genesis of the reader’s image in the works of I.A. Goncharov is determined by the dialogue with N.M. Karamzin and A.S. Pushkin. It is studied how the image of the addressee changed in the creative heritage of I.A. Goncharov. It is concluded that in the early stories the reader’s appearance was gender specific, more often endowed with positive features; the relationship of the narrator with the male or female reader was built in accordance with the sentimental, romantic model of narration as emotionally close — the narrator anticipated the reader’s reactions, carefully and caringly treated his reader. In the novels “Ordinary History” and “Oblomov” the author refused to concretize the image of the addressee, reduced the number of references to him in the text, created a realistically generalized image of the reader and practically equalized him in rights with the narrator. In the course of the study, it was found that changes in the images of explicit readers were due to a change in the author’s ideas about the implicit reader: if at the beginning of I.A. Goncharov saw the reader as a demanding and strict judge who was a contemporary, then at the time of maturity the author insisted on the freedom of the reader’s reaction, believed that reading and understanding the text should become an independent work for each person.
V. Scott’s novel “Puritans” in the context of I.A. Goncharov’s novel “Oblomov”
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Pavlovich Kristina K.
Published: December 2023

The article describes the study of typological connections between the novel Puritans by Walter Scott and Oblomov by Ivan Goncharov. For the first time, these literary texts are considered through the prism of depiction as an artistic and aesthetic category, based on the genre system of fine arts. The name of the “Scottish sorcerer” is found in every novel of Goncharov’s trilogy (Ordinary History (1847), Oblomov (1859), The Precipice (1869). Most often, numerous landscapes can be found both on the pages of Scott’s and Goncharov’s novels. These landscape paintings are brought together by the plasticity of the image, decorativeness, careful detailing, epic manner and coloristic features. When creating idyllic landscapes, the Russian writer is guided by Scott’s style, combining both “high” poetic and everyday life within the framework of one image. Important in this regard are the landscapes of the famous ninth chapter of Oblomov’s Dream and as well as the pictures of Scott’s nature scattered throughout the text. In addition to the interdisciplinary genre of landscape, the authors have similar portrait descriptions (Oblomov and Milnwood). A special place in these novels is occupied by everyday scenes that convey the color of everyday life, the poeticization of reality , which is an important aesthetic category for both Russian and Scottish writers. They are in the spirit of the Flemish tradition. In addition, both novels are related by the typological similarity of storylines and characters (main and secondary).
Venichka and the Kremlin: “Just You Wait!..” and “Raise My Eyelids…”
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Literary Institute, Kozhukharov Roman R.
Published: December 2023

The article presents the experience of understanding the images of Venichka and the Kremlin in V. Erofeev’s poem “Moscow — Petushki”. Comparison of the key antithesis of Yerofeev’s poem with the images of Eugene and the Bronze Horseman from the “Petersburg story” by A. Pushkin, Akaky Akakievich, Khoma Brutus, Viy from the stories of N. Gogol, the image of Viy in O. Mandelstam’s “Fourth Prose” reveals the typological relationship of these images in the context archetypal opposition of the “little man” to irresistible omnipotence, the motive of the taboo on “vision”.
The story of I.S. Shmelev “Trapezondsky Cognac” and its film version
Authors:   Alexander Solzhenitsyn House of Russian Abroad, Korshunova Evgeniya A. , Shchepalina Ekaterina A. ,   Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia,   Samara Theological Seminary
Published: December 2023

The article analyzes the poetics of the story by I.S. Shmelev “Trapezond brandy” and its screenplay in the intermedia aspect. In this story, the author shows how the problem of intersemiotic correlations can be solved by analyzing the language of literature with the language of cinema. I.S. Shmelev deliberately avoids describing the plot of the story by means of literary studies alone, when considering the melodramatic intrigue of the story, the key role is played by visual, the principle of editing and the film language. Thus, the writer implements the idea of showing a dialogue of two arts, where the languages of the two arts, not merging, but synthesized in a special way, become a declaration of intermediality. These texts are a good example of literary cinematography, the writer sought in the process of analysis to create such a specific language that would take into account the meanings of a multi-layered artistic statement. The appendix to the article for the first time publishes a screenplay of the story “Trapezond brandy“ based on the materials of the French archive I.S. Shmeleva of the Alexander Solzhenitsyn House of the Russian Diaspora.
Analyzing the potential of using large language models for languages of peoples of the Russian Federation and the CIS in the modern digital space
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Novikova Marina L. , Novikov Phillip N.
Published: December 2023

In the timeframe from 2022 to 2023, the progress in the development of large language models, based on machine learning and neural network technologies, also referred to as “artificial intelligence”, reached an unprecedented level. This facilitated making a significant leap for the application of natural language processing algorithms to both science and everyday life. The article examines the potential and current challenges of using these technologies with respect to the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation and the CIS in the modern digital environment. The study touches upon such areas as translation, linguistic analysis, language popularization, and development of original language online services.
Preservation of minority languages and economic factors (using the example of Tatar and Karelian languages)
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Khilkhanova Erzhen V.
Published: December 2023

This article argues the importance of studying the economic factors that influence the preservation of minority languages and language choice. Economic and sociolinguistic methods of studying the relationship between minority language proficiency and labor income are considered. The empirical research is made within the framework of an approach close to the ethnography of language policy, i.e. through the prism of personal, subjective views and assessments of “ordinary” people. The empirical case is made up by two republics of the Russian Federation — Tatarstan and Karelia. The material was the data of sociolinguistic surveys, interviews and ethnographic observations collected in these regions in 2021 and 2022. The empirical analysis revealed both the absence of the influence of minority language competence on income, and the presence of spheres and economic niches where such an influence exists. Employment opportunities, earnings and part-time work are available in these republics in the field of science, culture, media, and creative industries. The research also revealed the role of economic factor in the hierarchy of people’s needs. The needs of (linguistic) identity, the desire to preserve “language and roots” take the second place until the basic needs that push people to choose the language of “bread and job” are satisfied. At the end, the article outlines the directions for further research on the relationship between the economic factor and minority languages.
On the issue of fragmentary restoration of the mythological worldʼs picture using the method of motivic analysis (based on the material of the Milky Wayʼs cosmonyms)
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Yakovleva Svetlana V.
Published: December 2023

The aim of this study is a fragmentary restoration of an archaic picture of the world based on the material of the Milky Way’s cosmonyms using the method of motif analysis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the consideration of previously unexplored vocabulary, which is characterized by the oblivion of their original meanings, which once reflected the foundations of being and the worldview of ancient man. An attempt was made to substantiate the opinion that the image of the Milky Way is one of the important structure-forming objects of the mythopoetic model of the world by identifying similar motives contained in mythological, folklore and religious texts. As a result of the comparative analysis carried out, the author of the article came to the conclusion that the nominations of the Milky Way represent a “linguistic expression” of the ancient ideas about this cosmic object as a kind of boundary locus that separated the “own” and “alien” world.
Forgotten worlds of Mari and Mordovian Soviet poetry: The works of Valentin Dmitriev and Alexander Martynov
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Arzamazov Aleksey A.
Published: December 2023

The article examines the national variations of socialist realism on the example of two poetic systems. The importance of a new appeal to the history and artistic reality of this literary trend, its language and features is emphasized. Texts by V.D. Dmitriev and A.K. Martynov, who are bright but already almost forgotten representatives of the Mari and Mordovian (Erzya) Soviet poetry, are in the focus of scientific research. It is concluded that despite significant ideological restrictions, the authors convey the ethnic worldview of their people, refer to its mythopoetic resources, aesthetic ideals and value-conceptual categories in their poems. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the figurative-symbolic layer of poetry, the main problem-thematic complexes are identified, their possible semantic connection with folklore is established. The question is raised about the lack of attention of translators to the source texts. Translators reduce the ethno-cultural expressiveness of the works and bring Finno-Ugric literary samples closer to the canons of Russian literature. Some ethno-mental characteristics of the Mari and Mordovian authors are determined. Their genre preferences are analyzed, the creative desire for large lyrical epic forms is explicated.
The phenomenon of Russian-language literature in modern scientific discourse
Authors:   Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Amineva Venera R. ,   Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nagumanova Elvira F. , Khabibullina Alsu Z.
Published: December 2023

For the first time, the article examines the primary methods employed in the study of Russian literature in the Volga Region (Mari and Tatar) in contemporary scientific discourse. Aim: to reveal the epistemiologic potential of the most significant literary approaches and a new theoretical thesaurus, formed from the experience of studying Russian literature in the Volga Region in the early 21 century. Research material — scientific works of leading specialists and philologists in the field of Russian literature (works of I.P. Karpov, I.A. Yenikeeva, Ya.G. Safiullina, K.K. Sultanova). It is stated that the anthropological approach was first applied in I.P. Karpov’s research on the works of Mari El prose writers and poets, writing in Russian. Russian scientist expands the horizons of Mari literature itself due to the fact that the works of Russian-speaking authors, on the one hand, are inscribed in the national Mari context and, on the other, are part of Russian literature. Compared to I.P. Karpov’s strategy of addressing the text, I.A. Enikeev, a researcher of Russian-language literature in Tatarstan, draws attention to the context and develops a unique methodology based on the interaction of factual and biographical principles in solving the problem of the status of Russian-language works in the modern historical and literary context. The novelty of the presented material lies in the systematization of methodological approaches to the problem of Russian-language literatures of the Finno-Ugric and Turkic peoples of the Volga region in a comparative aspect. The tendencies toward expanding the theoretical thesaurus of concepts characteristic of modern scientific discourse and updating the semantics of existing terms are revealed in the field of research on the Russian-language creativity of poets and prose writers of the Volga region.
Linguistic and cultural specificity of the image of Russian man in the short po-ems and poems of the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet Ran (lexico-semantic aspect)
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Dogan Merve G. , Sinyachkin Vladimir P.
Published: December 2023

The article is devoted to the study of short poems and poems by the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet Ran (1902–1963), reflecting the images of Russian man. Russian’s image is represented in the works of the Turkish poet; observations, representations and impressions of the Turkish poet about the Soviet people of the first half of the 20th century are analyzed in the article; the languacultural specifity of the image of the Russian people are studied; the correlation of the image of the Russian man created by the Turkish poet with the archetypes of Soviet culture is revealed. The purpose of this article is to identify the languacultural specificity of the image of Russian people in the work of Nazim Hikmet Ran. The research material was short poems and poems written by the poet during his stay in the Soviet Russia in the period 1921–1928 and his emigration to the USSR in the period 1951–1963. The research methods of this article are lexico-semantic analysis, languacultural analysis, complex analysis and observation method. As a result of the analysis of the texts of short poems and poems by Nazim Hikmet Ran, lexical units that construct the image of a Russian person in the poetic picture of the world of the Turkish poet are revealed.
The XV Congress MAPRYAL “Russian language and literature in a changing world”
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Dolzhikova Anzhela V.
Published: December 2023

The article provides information about the XV Congress of the International Association of Teachers of Russian Language and Literature (MAPRYAL) “Russian Language and Literature in a Changing World”, which was held from 13 to 15 September 2023 in St. Petersburg.
The potency of propolis extract as anti-inflammatory agent for stimulation of reparative dentin formation
Authors: Anindya Cinitra , Widjiastuti Ira , Zubaidah Nanik
Published: December 2023

Background: As an effort to treat a deep caries lesion with a diagnosis of reversible pulpitis, one of the treatment options is pulp capping. For decades, calcium hydroxide has been considered the most acceptable pulp capping material and has been routinely used in dental practice, but it also has some weakness. To overcome that, alternative materials are needed that can provide a better effect. Recently, a lot of research has been done using natural ingredients, including Propolis. Propolis has been known to have strong antimicrobial and anti inflammatory properties. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a deeper study regarding the potency of propolis extract as an anti inflammatory agent for the stimulation of reparative dentin formation so that it can be considered to be used as a pulp capping material.
Objective: The aim of this literature review is to highlight the potency of propolis extract as anti inflammatory agent in the natural stimulation of reparative dentin formation.
Methods: The search strategy consist of an electronic research using databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, dan Springer Link for studies published from 2003 to 2021 regarding the potency of propolis extract as anti inflammatory agent for stimulation of reparative dentin formation, including review articles and research articles.
Results: Propolis and its constituents have been proven to be used as a potent natural anti inflammatory, it also considered to have the ability to promote reparative dentin formation. However, there are some literatures stated that reparative dentin does not form with the application of propolis, and the causes may vary.
Conclusion: Propolis extract has a potency as an anti inflammatory agent in dental pulp inflammation by inhibiting TNFα expression, and increasing TGF-β1 expression, as well as its potency in stimulating the formation of reparative dentin. Based on this review, further studies are needed.
BMP-7 Expression After Induction of Hydroxyapatite Bovine Tooth Graft Gel as A Socket Preservation of The Alveolar Bone (Laboratory Experimental of The Alveolar Bone)
Authors: Zubaidah Nanik , Namira Safa Marety , Aryandhita Amanda Paramitha Putri , Firyasasty Beffano Roziq Herdymunas , Cahyani Febriastuti
Published: December 2023

Background: Hemisection is an endodontic surgical procedure that can leave alveolar bone defects. Changes in the dimensions of the alveolar bone can be minimized by preserving the alveolar bone socket using a bone graft. Induction of Hydroxyapatite Bovine Tooth Graft (HAp-BTG) in the alveolar bone socket is expected to increase the expression of BMP-7 which is a growth factor in osteogenesis. Purpose: To describe the increase in BMP-7 expression after induction of hydroxyapatite bovine tooth graft gel as a socket preservation of the alveolar bone of Wistar rats on the 14th and 28th days. Methods: 28 Wistar rats were extracted on the lower left incisor. Post-extraction sockets were induced by Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) as the control group and HAp-BTG + PEG as the treatment group. On the 14th and 28th day the Wistar rats were euthanized and the mandibles were taken. By using immunohistochemical staining on anatomic histopathological examination, BMP-7 expression was observed using a microscope with 1000× magnification. The research results were analyzed using One Way ANOVA. Results: There was a significant increase in BMP-7 expression between the control group and the treatment group. Conclusion: BMP-7 expression after induction of hydroxyapatite bovine tooth graft gel as a socket preservation of the alveolar bone of Wistar rats increased on the 14th and 28th days.
STUNTING PREVENTION THROUGH FIRST 1.000 DAYS OF LIFE (HPK) PROGRAM EDUCATION IN MANUKAN KULON SUB-DISTRICT, TANDES DISTRICT, SURABAYA
Authors: Nenccy Mirasari  , Arifin Vikko Brilian , Werdaningtyas Rizky , Nastiti Yustina Dwi , Ridho’i Rio , Perdana Muchammad Daffa Rozak , Tassya Nida Inva , Rosanti Hanindia Aisyah , Willa  , Ramli Lanny
Published: December 2023

The stunting prevalence rate in Indonesia in 2022 is still 21.6%, especially in East Java, the stunting prevalence rate still reaches 19.2%. The Surabaya City Government has a target to declare zero stunting by 2023 through the 1000 HPK Movement. One thousand HPK is the period from conception to the age of 24 months which is an important period to improve children's health because if at this time there is a developmental and functional delay in children, it cannot be changed or only partially reversible. Children are stunted if their height for their age is more than two standard deviations below the median WHO child growth standard. Community service activities in the form of education for the 1000 HPK Movement will be held on Saturday, July 22, 2023 at Balai RW 02 Manukan Kulon Village. Community service activities are carried out in the form of nutrition counseling and interactive dialogue between resource persons and participants. The educational activity was attended by pregnant women, breastfeeding mothers, and mothers who have children less than 2 years old with a total of 35 participants. The results of Wilcoxon's test on the Pre-test and post-test filled by participants showed that there was an increase in the knowledge of education participants about the 1000 HPK Movement. This activity is expected to be a provision for participants in preparing healthy children and avoiding stunting.
ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR SUNGAI BALANGAN DI KABUPATEN BALANGAN BERDASARKAN PARAMETER FISIK DAN KIMIA (LOGAM TERLARUT)
Authors: Saputra Randy , Fatmawati Fatmawati , Rahman Mijani , Mahyudin Idiannor
Published: December 2023

The Balangan River stretches and flows in the Balangan Regency area. Balangan River length is 30 Km, has a width of about 50 m wide and average depth of 3.5 m. The Balangan River flows through 8 districts (Paringin District, Paringin Selatan District, Lampihong District, Batumandi District, Awayan District, Tebing Tinggi District, Juai District and Halong District). The Balangan River is used by the local community as a source of clean water for household needs (bath wash toilet), agriculture and farming. Further and more specific research on the water quality of the Balangan River is urgently needed to obtain information regarding the status of water quality, water quality status and obtain pollutant load information as well as to be evaluated so that it can be used as a recommendation for efforts to reduce pollutant loads so that the target of improving water quality is well achieved by the community and local government. This study aims to identify the water quality of the Balangan River based on physical and chemical parameters. Data collection was carried out in the measurement range of the first quarter of 2015 to the third quarter of 2022 by taking river water samples every quarter. Sampling points and inspection of the insitu water quality of the Balangan River were carried out at two locations in the upstream and downstream. The surface water sampling method used is in accordance with SNI 6989.57:2008. During the measurement period in the Balangan River, physical and chemical parameters that did not meet the quality standards required in Government Regulation no. 22 of 2021 attachment VI (Class 1) are Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn).
UPAYA PENGURANGAN DAN PENANGANAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DAN SAMPAH SEJENIS RUMAH TANGGA MELALUI KEBIJAKAN STRATEGI DAERAH KOTA BANJARBARU
Authors: Manruni Manruni , Mahyudin Rizqi Puteri , Achmad Basir , Mahyudin Idiannor
Published: December 2023

Banjarbaru City Government seeks to suppress the rising of waste through waste reduction and handling. Based on National Waste Management Information System data for Banjarbaru City in 2022, waste reduction is 24.77% and waste handling is 75.21%, and has not been able to meet Jakstrada's target of 30% reduction and 70% handling. The purpose of this study is to determine the existing conditions for reducing and handling household waste and household-like waste and to analyze the obstacles encountered in efforts to reduce and handle household waste and household-like waste through the Banjarbaru City Regional Policy and Strategy. The existing condition of reducing waste is carried out at 121 waste banks, 1 3R waste disposal site and 2 recycling centers, while waste handling is carried out from 91 waste disposal sites and there are 26 illegal ones. Garbage carrier fleet of 57 units. A total of 145 tons/day of waste is processed at the Gunung Kupang landfill with the controlled landfill system. The results of the analysis of the the main priority AHP method of the waste management model, which is reduction with a weight value of 0.675, while the handling value is 0.325. The results of the priority analysis for the planning component, the first priority aspect on the constraints on managing household waste and household-like waste based on the opinions of respondents is the aspect of Government Policy with a weight value of 0.2690. Then the second priority is public perception (0.2201), the third priority aspect is health (0.2185) the fourth priority is the environment (0.1563) and the fifth priority is financing (0.1361). In the first priority technical component is waste disposal site with a value weight (0.2098), in the second priority is 3R waste disposal site with a value weight (0.2043) in the third priority is recycling center (0.1839) and in the fourth priority is the garbage transport fleet with a weight value (0.1824). The fifth priority is landfill (0.1136) and the sixth priority is the Waste Bank (0.1061).