bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing Cross-Cultural Meanings of Addiction Among Women with Cultural Domain Analysis
Authors: Placek Caitlyn , Adair Lorar , Jain Ishita , Phadke Vandana , Singh Maninder
Published: December 2024

Exploring the cultural dimensions of addiction and recovery among marginalized populations presents significant challenges due to their “hard-to-reach” status and the complexity of measuring “culture.” This paper addresses these challenges by introducing and applying cultural domain analysis, a versatile method for systematically measuring cultural concepts within marginalized groups. Specifically, we use this approach to examine cultural models of addiction. The study was conducted in London, Toronto, and Delhi among reproductive-aged women receiving treatment for substance use disorders. Participants completed a semi-structured questionnaire featuring open-ended and free-list prompts. Findings revealed culturally specific themes at each site, highlighting insights often overlooked by purely quantitative methods. The analysis also uncovered cross-site similarities, such as the role of peer networks in recovery in both India and Toronto. When applied to hybrid data, these results demonstrate how cultural domain analysis provides a structured yet adaptable framework for identifying cultural differences and shared patterns. In conclusion, working with hard-to-reach populations necessitates flexible research methods that authentically amplify participants’ voices while maintaining methodological rigor. Cultural domain analysis achieves this balance, offering a systematic approach to capturing the salience of participants’ perspectives.
An Energy Based Model for Micro-Simulation of a Synthetic Population of Free Cyclists
Authors: Rothhämel Malte
Published: December 2024

Recent trends in mobility and transportation underscore the growing importance of promoting alternative, flexible, and environmentally friendly modes of transport – such as cycling – that not only contribute significantly to users’ health and well-being but also enable urban concepts like the 15-minute city. For cyclists, travel time is a critical factor influencing both route selection and the decision to choose cycling as a preferred mode of transportation. This paper presents an energy-based model of a synthetic population of free cyclists to analyze their speed profile characteristics, summarized in terms of average speed. The model accounts for key factors such as rolling resistance and aerodynamic drag – both of which vary with ambient temperature – along with acceleration, road gradient, and other influences, including free rolling and deceleration or stopping at intersections and traffic lights. The results reveal a distribution of cycling speeds ranging between 15 and 24 km/h, with a notable concentration around the mean rather than following a normal distribution. The proposed model is intended for use in evaluating infrastructure planning, optimizing green wave traffic light systems, and assessing the health benefits of cycling.
Evaluation of Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 Virus Isolates and Comparison of Mutational Spectrum of Variants in Bangladesh
Authors: Sultana Abeda , Banu Laila Anjuman , Hossain Mahmud , Azmin Nahid , Nila Nurun Nahar , Sinha Sharadindu Kanti , Hassan Zahid
Published: December 2024

The SARS-CoV-2 induced disease, COVID-19 is a worldwide public health concern with a rapid transmission, pathogenicity, and mortality rate. To elucidate the viral mutational changes and screening the emergence of new variants of concern, we conducted this study in Bangladesh. The viral RNA genome was sequenced using Illumina COVID Seq protocol and genomic data processing and evaluation was performed in DRAGEN COVID Lineage software. Variant analysis revealed that the number of Delta, Omicron and Mauritius variants identified were 88%, 8%, and 4%, respectively. All of the 25 samples had 23403A>G (D614G, S gene), 3037 C>T (nsp3) and 14408 C>T (nsp12) mutations, where 23403 A>G was responsible for increased transmission. Omicron had the highest number of unique mutations in spike protein (i.e., substitutions, deletions and insertions) which may explain its more transmissibility and immune evading ability than Delta. A total of 779 mutations were identified where 691 substitution, 85 deletion and 3 insertion mutations were observed. To sum up, our study will enrich the genomic database of SARS-CoV-2, aiding treatment strategy along with understanding the virus’s preferences in both mutation type and site for predicting newly emerged virus’s survival strategy and thus for being prepared to counteract them.
Enabling Power System Restoration From Offshore Wind Power Plants In The UK
Authors: Alves Rui , Yang Ning , Xu Lie , Egea-Àlvarez Agustí
Published: December 2024

This paper presents the findings from the initial phases of the SIF BLADE project, focused on demonstrating the capabilities of an offshore wind power plant (OWPP) for power system restoration (PSR). It provides an overview of PSR, highlighting its challenges and operational requirements, alongside the various scenarios considered in the project. The study includes a steady-state analysis to assess whether the OWPP can meet local network demands for both active and reactive power. Results indicate that the OWPP can operate within an envelope that covers all local power requirements. Additionally, EMT analysis were conducted to evaluate different percentages of grid-forming (GFM) converter penetration during the energization process. These analyses aimed to determine compliance with Transmission System Operator (TSO) requirements. Findings demonstrate that all GFM penetration levels met the necessary TSO standards. Furthermore, a novel small signal analysis was performed to identify the optimal percentage of GFM converters for enhancing system stability during block loading. The analysis suggests that for top-up scenarios, a GFM penetration between 20% to 40% is optimal, while for anchor scenarios, 40% to 60% GFM penetration enhances stability and robustness.
Use of Magnetite Derived from Acid Mine Drainage in the Stabilization of Foam for Foamed Concrete
Authors: Lermen Richard Thomas , Pfluck Matheus Alexandre , Pilotto Thaís Letícia , Fernandes Elen Cristina Faustino Boff , Neckel Alcindo , Silva Rodrigo de Almeida
Published: December 2024

Foam stabilization is fundamental in the production of foamed concrete, widely used in civil construction due to its applications in thermal insulation and structural weight reduction, both of which contribute to the energy efficiency of buildings. The foam acts as an air-entraining agent, providing the concrete with low density and enhanced thermal and acoustic properties. Recently, magnetite extracted from acid mine drainage (AMD) has been studied as a foam-stabilizing agent in foamed concrete, offering a sustainable solution for the use of coal tailings. Due to its magnetic properties, magnetite has proven effective in improving foam stability, ensuring a more uniform distribution of air bubbles within the concrete mix. The aim of this study was to produce foamed concrete (FC) using magnetite as a stabilizer for foam generated by mixing water with amide 90. The study also evaluated combinations with two types of cement (CP II Z and CP V ARI) and varying amounts of sand. The results showed that increasing the amount of magnetite led to a reduction in mechanical strength (both compressive and flexural tensile strength), as well as in dry and saturated density and thermal conductivity. Meanwhile, porosity and water absorption increased. The properties of the foamed concretes ranged as follows: compressive strength from 0.62 MPa to 7.33 MPa, porosity from 31.8% to 75.6%, and thermal conductivity from 0.54 W/mK to 0.17 W/mK.
Characterization of the Color of Small Ochre Fragments from the Upper Paleolithic Sites Kapova Cave and Kamennaya Balka II
Authors: Anisovets Yulia , Zhitenev Vladislav , Vinogradova Ekaterina , Statkus Mikhail
Published: December 2024

A technique for characterization of color of small ochre samples was proposed. The technique includes visual color determination with the aid of stereomicroscope and Munsell Soil Color Chart, conversion of Munsell values to CIE L*a*b coordinates, cluster analysis and principle component analysis (PCA). The technique was applied to ochre samples form Kapova Cave and Kamennaya Balka 2 Upper Paleolithic sites. Characterization the color of a statistically significant number of pigment samples makes it possible to identify the relationships between different structural features of the cultural layer, reliably identify a wide range of artistic practices in parietal caves in addition to the actual creation of drawings, and also possibly serves as a chronological marker at multi-layered sites.
Static and Dynamic Analysis of Strain Gradient Planar Trusses
Authors: Tsiatas George C. , Charalampakis Aristotelis E. , Giannakopoulos Antonios E. , Tsopelas Panos
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the static and dynamic responses of strain gradient planar trusses. Classical elasticity (CE) theory lacks a material microstructural length parameter in its governing equations, making it insufficient to capture size-dependent effects. To address this limitation, higher-order continuum theories—such as micropolar, couple-stress, and strain gradient elasticity (SGE) theories—are essential. In this study, gradient elasticity theory is extended to describe the behavior of planar trusses by incorporating explicit internal length scales as additional material parameters.
Analysis of PMMA Dental Waste Depolymerization in Bath Mode: Performance of Laboratory, Technical and Pilot Scales
Authors: Ferreira Armando Costa , Ribeiro Haroldo Jorge da Silva , de Castro Douglas Alberto Rocha , Santos Marcelo Costa , Ferreira Caio Campos , Assunção Fernanda Paula da Costa , Jr. Sergio Duvoisin , Borges Luiz Eduardo Pizarro , Machado Nélio Teixeira , Castro Douglas Alberto Rocha de
Published: December 2024

This study examines the chemical recycling of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) dental waste via pyrolysis in semi-batch fixed-bed reactors, aiming to convert it into the valuable monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA). First, the effect of temperature is analyzed in a laboratory-scale (30g) semi-batch reactor at 350, 400 and 450 °C. In order to visualize the combined effect of temperature and increase in bed volume, experiments conducted at 350 °C in laboratory (30g) and pilot (20 Kg) are compared. Experiments done at 475°C for technical and pilot scale are also compared to elucidate this behavior. A detailed process analysis is presented considering different experiments done at semi-batch technical scale reactor. Experiments were conducted in a 2L reactor at temperatures of 425 °C, 450 °C, and 475 °C to understand the effects of heating rate and temperature on product yield and composition. Results show that at 425 °C, MMA was the primary liquid component, with minimal by-products, suggesting that lower temperatures enhance monomer recovery. Higher temperatures, however, increased gas yields and reduced MMA yield due to intensified thermal cracking. The study also highlights that char formation and non-condensable gases increase with reactor scale, indicating that heat transfer limitations can influence MMA purity and yield. These findings emphasize that for effective MMA recovery, lower temperatures and controlled heating rates are optimal, especially in larger reactors where heat transfer issues are more prominent. This research contributes to scaling up PMMA recycling processes, supporting industrial applications to achieve efficient monomer recovery from waste.
Assessing the Risks and Cultural Relativity of Diabetes in Black Individuals of African Caribbean Ancestry (ACB) aged 18-39 Years in Toronto
Authors: Alamgir Akm , Raghunauth Rhea , Momoh Osezua , Ledwos Cliff
Published: December 2024

Context
Diabetes rates are high in Black and some other ethnic communities, often leading to more severe complications. We conducted a study to identify the prevalence and risk of diabetes among African Caribbean Black (ACB) individuals aged 18-39 and to assess the sensitivity of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) compared to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to diagnose diabetes.

Methods
In this mixed-methods study, Maximum Variation sampling was used to recruit 272 ACB participants from 14 African and five Caribbean countries from Toronto. Participants’ height, weight, waist circumference, HbA1c, OGTT, demographic, and behavioural data were collected. SPSS was used to analyze the quantitative data.

Results
The study found that 1.5% of participants had diabetes, 9.2% had prediabetes, and 44.9% were at risk of developing diabetes. The mean value of HbA1c, FBS, and 2hPG was 5.5%, 4.8 mmol/L, and 5.7 mmol/L respectively. The mean BMI was 28.2 kg/m2, and waist circumference was 85.8 cm. The study found a correlation between glucose intolerance and increasing Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC). Dietary habits, physical inactivity, and mental health challenges were risk factors among the participants. HbA1c was found to be a more sensitive and culturally acceptable screening measure than OGTT in diagnosing diabetes.

Conclusions
ACB individuals are at high risk of having diabetes, requiring culturally tailored peer-based health promotion strategies to reduce diabetes prevalence and risk. HbA1c is a culturally acceptable and statistically more capable measure than OGTT in identifying individuals with prediabetes. Further longitudinal research is needed.
Eco-Management of Wireless Electromagnetic Fields Involved in Smart Cities Regarding Healthcare and Mobility
Authors: Razek Adel
Published: December 2024

The daily well-being of modern civilization is closely linked to the use of various devices oper-ating by means of various sources related to the conversion, transfer and transmission of elec-tromagnetic (EM) energy. The exercise of these tools displays projected results, which are regu-larly concomitant with unsolicited side effects. A laudable management objective is to reinforce the desired results and reduce the unwanted effects. This contribution aims, within the frame-work of such management, to assess the importance of the approaches of Responsible Attitude (RA) and One Health (OH) in the daily practice of wireless EM energy devices involved in smart city (SC) environment. The RA approach is related to devices eco-design, while the OH concept is connected to SC biodiversity and ecosystem protection. Unsolicited side effects in these wire-less procedures could involve exposure to stray or radiated EM fields on apparatuses or living tissues. This contribution focused in particular on two instances involved in the SCs environ-ment. The first concerns, the disruptive effects of EM noise on, onboard or near-living tissues, detection and support medical tools. The second is related to the biological effects of wireless inductive power transfer, for batteries charging, aboard electric vehicles while stationary or running, in SCs. The investigations pursued in the article are assisted by examples of literature.
Solid Tumors, Liquid Challenges: The Impact of Coagulation Disorders
Authors: Shapoo Nidha , Boma Noella , Chaudhari Shobhana , Gotlieb Vladimir
Published: December 2024

Coagulation disorders are increasingly recognized as significant complications in patients with solid tumors, affecting morbidity and mortality outcomes. Solid tumors can provoke a hypercoagulable state through the release of pro-coagulant factors, endothelial activation, and inflammation, leading to a heightened risk of coagulation disorders. These coagulation disorders may manifest as venous thromboembolism, arterial thromboembolism, thrombotic microangiopathy, or disseminated intravascular coagulation. These disorders can complicate surgical interventions and impact treatments, including chemotherapy and immunotherapy efficacy, leading to poor outcomes. Understanding the implications of coagulation disorders in solid tumors is essential for optimizing patient management, including identifying high-risk patients and implementing prophylactic measures. This review aims to provide insights into the current knowledge surrounding coagulation disorders in solid tumors and their clinical implications.
Chronic Dexamethasone Disturbs the Circadian Rhythm of Melatonin and Clock Genes Causing Intestinal Barrier Damage in Goats
Authors: Cai Liuping , Chen Qu , Hua Canfeng , Niu Liqiong , Kong Qijun , Wu Lei , Ni Yingdong
Published: December 2024

Dex is a common hormone drug commonly used as an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agent in humans and animals. GCs have profound impact on melatonin expression and biological rhythm. However, the effect of chronic expose to Dex on melatonin secretion and biological clock gene expression in ruminants is still unclear. Ten sheep were randomly divided into two groups: the control group were injected with saline, and the Dex-treated group were intramuscularly injected daily for 21 d with 0.2 mg/kg Dex. The results showed that the rhythm of melatonin secretion in the plasma changes, and the plasma and colon levels of melatonin were lower in the Dex group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Dex leads to a significant decrease in the expression of Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), a key melatonin synthase, in the pineal gland and colon. Detecting intestinal leakage-related indexes showed that diamine oxidase (DAO) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content increased significantly in the Dex group (P<0.05). We also detected genes associated with biological rhythms in plasma. The results showed that in control group, the five tested genes showed circadian rhythms, but the circadian rhythms of Clock, Cry1, Cry2 and Per2 were abolished or blunted by the Dex (P<0.05). Protein levels of CLOCK and BMAL1 in the colon changed significantly (P<0.05). In conclusion, the above experimental results show that chronic exposure to Dex leads to the disorder of circadian rhythms of melatonin secretion and clock genes and may impaired intestinal barrier function.
Influence of Fuel Types and Equivalence Ratios on NOx Emissions in Internal Combustion Engines: A Comparative Analysis of Methane, Ethanol, and Hydrogen Blends
Authors: Abbass Amr
Published: December 2024

This study investigates the emissions and combustion properties of methane and ethanol biofuels in internal combustion engines, emphasizing the impact of equivalency ratios and fuel types on NOx emissions. A variety of numerical models utilizing chemical kinetics simulations through Cantera (David G. Goodwin, 2023. )were implemented to evaluate performance across different equivalency ratios. Results indicate that lean mixtures (ϕ < 1) generate increased NOx levels owing to greater combustion temperatures, but rich mixtures (ϕ > 1) markedly diminish NOx emissions. Ethanol blends with hydrogen reduce carbon emissions and improve flame stability, facilitating the shift from conventional diesel to hydrogen-powered engines. Validation was accomplished through experimental data, indicating that stoichiometric methane combustion and hydrogen-ethanol mixtures resulted in a 20% decrease in NOx emissions and enhanced cycle efficiency. Hydrogen, while its poor volumetric energy density and elevated ignition requirements, demonstrates potential when amalgamated with ethanol or methane, providing a solution for cleaner engine performance while tackling its principal difficulties. The study's findings were verified and contrasted with those of other recent investigations regarding hydrogen engines emissions reduction (K. J. Lee, 2013) (Dimitriou, 2018).
Effect of Al and Ta Impurities on Si Adsorption on (001) and (111) Surfaces of B1-TiN
Authors: Koroteev Yury , Svyatkin Leonid A. , Ognev Sergey , Silkin Vyacheslav
Published: December 2024

Nowadays, the application of protective multicomponent coatings based on hard metal nitrides is increasingly used to increase the resistance of structures and tools to wear, corrosion and oxidation. In the present work, the multicomponent system Ti-Al-Ta-Si-N is studied, which has high hardness and crack resistance combined with thermal stability and oxidation resistance. The process of formation of the nanocrystalline structure of the coating during its deposition on mate-rials plays a key role in the optimization of these properties. The nanocrystalline structure of the coating is formed due to Si impurity, which is poorly soluble in the Ti1−x−yAlxTayN system based on B1-TiN and segregates mainly along grain boundaries, forming grain boundary amorphous phases of SizN type. In order to find the optimal composition of multicomponent coatings with improved physical and mechanical properties, it is necessary to understand the peculiarities of interaction of Si impurity with the surface of B1-TiN phase in the presence of Al and Ta substitutional impurities. In the present work with the help of first-principles calculations of electronic and atomic structure of (001) and (111) surfaces of the Ti1−x−yAlxTayN system with adsorbed Si atom and interatomic bond study apparatus based on the calculation of a Crystal Orbital Hamilton Population and a Crystal Orbital Bond Index, the nature of the bonds between adsorbed Si and N, Ti, Al, Ta atoms of the Ti1−x−yAlxTayN surface system has been studied. It was found that the binding energy of Si with the Ti1−x−yAlxTayN surface system can be both higher and lower than the binding energy of its bonding with the surface of the binary TiN compound depending on the position of the Al and Ta substitu-tion atoms in the surface layers. The Si bonding with the atoms of the Ti1−x−yAlxTayN surface is ionic-covalent in nature. It is shown that the Si-Ta interaction has the highest degree of covalency and strength and the Si-Al interaction is predominantly ionic in most cases considered and is weaker than the Si-Ti and Si-N bonds. Impurity atoms of Al or Ta have very little effect on the Si-Ti and Si-N bonds due to the local nature of the bonds in the Ti1−x−yAlxTayN surface system with ad-sorbed silicon atom.
When Should the Treatment of Obesity in Thyroid Disease Begin?
Authors: Sutkowska Edyta , Kisiel Michał , Zubkiewicz-Kucharska Agnieszka
Published: December 2024

Obesity often coexists with thyroid diseases, and the prevalence of these disorders has been on the rise for years. While hypothyroidism can contribute to excess fat tissue, the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and thyroid function hormones is bidirectional. Research confirms that fat tissue reduction can positively impact thyroid function. Thus, delaying the initiation of therapies beyond substitution treatment to achieve optimal weight reduction in individuals with thyroid dysfunction seems unwarranted. The authors summarize current knowledge on this topic in the article.
Values, Beliefs, and Norms: A Theoretical Approach to Understanding Household Water Insecurity Coping Strategies
Authors: Owuor Patrick Mbullo
Published: December 2024

Water insecurity is an ongoing global challenge for households. Many families—especially those in regions experiencing water scarcity—employ different coping methods to alleviate its consequences. However, the strategies often utilized by displaced communities remain largely unexplored. Moreover, there is a lack of analysis on how values, beliefs, and social norms (VBN) shape household decisions regarding these methods. This qualitative study included in-depth interviews with 65 individuals impacted by the Thwake Dam construction in Makueni County, Kenya. The study utilized the VBN theory to analyze individual and household decisions by examining various coping strategies related to water insecurity. Our research shows that displaced communities employ different strategies to alleviate the negative impacts of water insecurity. However, the effectiveness of these strategies largely hinges on households' capacity to store water. Personal values, beliefs, and norms—such as religious and cultural traditions—drive individuals' reactions to diverse water circumstances, impacting their coping mechanisms. Household coping strategies for water insecurity differ significantly; however, water storage plays a crucial role in influencing other coping techniques among displaced communities. The VBN theoretical framework enhances our understanding of how families deal with water insecurity and use their water resources, illuminating individuals' daily water-related experiences.
Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering and Its Influence on Healthcare Structure: Current and Future Prospects
Authors: Tripathi Divya , Hajra Kasturee , Mulukutla Aditya , Shreshtha Romi , Maity Dipak
Published: December 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a growing area of Computer Science that combines the technologies with data science to develop intelligent, highly computation-able systems. Its ability to automatically analyse and query huge sets of data has rendered it essential to many fields such as healthcare. This article introduces you to Artificial Intelligence, how it works and what is its central role in biomedical engineering. It brings to light new developments in medical science, why it is being applied in biomedicine, key problems in computer vision and AI, medical applications, diagnostics and live health monitoring. This paper starts with an introduction to Artificial Intelligence and its major subfields before moving into AI revolutionizing healthcare technology. There is a lot of emphasis on how it will transform Biomedical Engineering using AI-based devices like biosensors. Not only can these machines detect abnormalities in a patient’s physiology, they also allow chronic health tracking. Further, the review also provides an overview on trends of AI-enabled healthcare technologies and concludes that the adoption of Artificial Intelligence in healthcare will be very high. The most promising are in diagnostics, with highly accurate, non-invasive diagnostics such as advanced imaging and vocal biomarker analysers leading medicine into the future.
Real Estate Owners’ Early Thoughts on Lean Ipd Implementation in Spain
Authors: Gil Sebastián José Javier , Soler Severino Manuel José
Published: December 2024

The construction industry faces persistent inefficiencies, with projects often failing to meet time, cost, quality and other conditions of satisfaction. This study investigates real estate owners’ early perceptions of Lean Integrated Project Delivery (Lean IPD) as a potential solution, analysing the acceptance of principles such as early stakeholder involvement, risk-reward compensation, and open-book accounting among other key features in Lean IPD. A survey of 62 professionals in Real Estate development compa-nies in Spain was conducted, analyzing their experience with collaborative contracts and Lean techniques, including Last Planner System and Target Value Design. Statis-tical methods such as hierarchical clustering and PLS-SEM modeling revealed two dis-tinct groups: those receptive to Lean IPD’s economic mechanisms and those less in-clined. While governance principles like early collaboration and team co-responsibility received widespread support, skepticism was noted toward economic transparency practices due to cultural and structural barriers. Additionally, the findings indicate a significant gap in formal training for Lean IPD. Despite challenges, there is strong in-terest in adopting Lean IPD, driven by its potential to address critical project ineffi-ciencies. The study concludes that successful Lean IPD implementation requires stra-tegic leadership from owners, targeted training programs, and a cultural shift within the industry to embrace collaborative and transparent practices.
Epidemiology, Clinical Significance and Diagnosis of Respiratory Viruses and Their Co-Infections in the Post-COVID Era
Authors: Contes Kaia M , Liu Benjamin M
Published: December 2024

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel human coronavirus, emerged in late 2019 and rapidly evolved into a pandemic around the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed the epidemiology and seasonality of other traditional res-piratory viruses e.g., influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, enterovirus, etc. These traditional respiratory viruses share similarity in transmission mode and clinical symptoms with SARS-CoV-2 but may differ in clinical outcomes and management. Co-infection between SARS-CoV-2 and one or more traditional respiratory viruses have been reported in the literature but showed mixed evidence in clinical outcomes. With SARS-CoV-2 evolving into mild Omicron variants, it is believed that SARS-CoV-2 co-circulates with other respiratory viruses, which in return affect the epidemiology and clinical course of respiratory viral infections. In response to these changes, multiplex molecular testings for SARS-CoV-2 and one or more traditional respiratory viruses are attracting more attention in the field and have been developed into a variety of testing modalities. In this review, we describe the epidemiology and clinical significance of traditional respiratory viruses and their co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the post-COVID era. Further, we review the principle of multiplex molecular testings and their application to the detection of respiratory viruses and their co-infections. Altogether, this review not only sheds light on epidemiology and clinical significance of respiratory viral infections and co-infections in the post-COVID era and but only provides insights on the laboratory-based diagnosis of respiratory viral infections using multiplex molecular testing.
Analisis Sentimen Pasar melalui Berita Finansial untuk Prediksi Harga Saham PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk
Authors: Putra Ferdyansyah Permana , Dewi Mukti Ratna , Hibatullah Fausania
Published: December 2024

Abstrak:

Sentimen pasar merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi fluktuasi harga saham yang dapat bersumber dari masyarakat umum maupun berita-berita yang terkait dengan saham. Dalam penelitian ini, pengaruh sentimen pasar melalui berita keuangan dianalisis terhadap harga saham PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk (BBRI). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan machine learning dengan metode Support Vector Regression (SVR) untuk memprediksi harga penutupan saham BBRI berdasarkan sentimen berita. Model SVR dioptimalkan dengan algoritma Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA). Sentimen pasar terlebih dahulu dievaluasi menggunakan metode IndoBERT yang menunjukkan tingkat akurasi sentimen keseluruhan di atas 90%. Setelah itu, empat skenario pemodelan diusulkan untuk menemukan model prediksi terbaik: (1) model tanpa sentimen, (2) model dengan sentimen pada periode , (3) model dengan sentimen pada periode , dan (4) model dengan sentimen pada periode  dan periode . Hasil akhir menunjukkan bahwa model pada skenario (1) memiliki kesalahan prediksi terendah dibandingkan dengan model lainnya

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Abstract:

Market sentiment is one of the factors that influences the fluctuation of stock prices, which can originate from the general public or news related to stocks. In this study, we explore the effect of market sentiment through financial news on the stock price of PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia Tbk (BBRI). This research adopts a machine learning approach using the Support Vector Regression (SVR) method to predict the closing price of BBRI stock based on news sentiment, and the function is later optimized with the Fruit Fly Optimization Algorithm (FOA) algorithm. The market sentiment is first evaluated using the IndoBERT method, which shows an overall sentiment accuracy level above 90%. Afterward, four modeling scenarios are proposed to find the best prediction model: (1) a model without sentiment, (2) a model with sentiment at period , (3) a model with sentiment at period , and (4) a model with sentiment at both period  and period . The final results indicate that the model in scenario (1) has the lowest prediction error compared to other models
El Manifiesto a la Nación y Programa del Partido Reconstructor Nacional o Plan de Río Florido
Authors: Orozco Víctor
Published: December 2024

Este Manifiesto fue firmado por el general Fran- cisco Villa y un numeroso grupo de sus oficiales en Río Florido, Chihuahua, el 11 de octubre de 1917. Tanto por la información disponible, como por la semejanza con otros textos redactados por el general Felipe Ángeles, todo hace suponer que fue este ilustrado militar quien lo elaboró y lo envió a Villa desde Estados Unidos, país en donde el primero se hallaba exiliado desde la derrota de la División del Norte en 1915.
Migration as a Mexico-United States binational issue
Authors: Payán Luis Antonio
Published: December 2024

In June 2012, a novel phenomenon surprised everyone—a caravan of several thousand migrants marching toward the U.S.-Mexico border. Since then, the “caravanization” of migration, that is, large numbers of migrants that include single individuals, family units, and even unaccompanied minors, from multiple nationalities, has been a feature of the immigration landscape. As individuals swarmed in Latin America, the Middle East, and Sub-Saharan Africa, to march toward developed countries—especially the European Union and the United States, countries like Mexico, Turkey, and Morocco have become an obligated passageway.
El Paso, Texas: Un modelo de éxito en la recepción de migrantes y solicitantes de asilo en los Estados Unidos
Authors: Martín Gil Ana , Norman Kelsey
Published: December 2024

La “crisis migratoria” en la frontera entre Estados Unidos y México ha sido objeto de mucha atención política e intenso escrutinio mediático. La retórica incendiaria de algunos políticos ha dominado las noticias y los titulares sobre miles y miles de migrantes y solicitantes de asilo que intentan cruzar la frontera han generado una percepción de caos y descontrol. Sin embargo, a menudo se pasan por alto las historias de éxito, como la manera en la que El Paso, Texas, gestiona la recepción de migrantes y solicitantes de asilo. Esta ciudad fronteriza se ha convertido en un caso ejemplar de la gestión de la migración y ha desarrollado un sistema de recepción eficiente y humano que puede servir de modelo para otras ciudades fronterizas. Este ensayo examina las estrategias y prácticas aplicadas en El Paso para ilustrar cómo esta ciudad ha logrado gestionar de manera efectiva la recepción de migrantes y solicitantes de asilo a través de la adaptación y mejora continua de sus prácticas.
The effect of the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene on the office blood pressure during therapy with angiotensin II receptor blockers
Authors: Rebrova E. V. , Shikh E. V.
Published: December 2024

Aim. To study the pharmacodynamic parameters of the effectiveness of therapy with angiotensin II receptor blockers in the form of monotherapy and as part of combination drugs in patients with hypertension, depending on the genetic characteristics of patients — the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT).Material and methods. The study included 179 patients in the Moscow region with newly diagnosed hypertension of 1-2 degrees, among whom 141 (78.8%) women and 38 (21.2%) men aged 32 to 69 years, who were randomly assigned to irbesartan and valsartan groups in the form of mono- or combination therapy with hydrochlorothiazide by a simple randomization method. After 3 weeks of pharmacotherapy, the presence of rs699 (C4072T, M235T) genetic polymorphism of the AGT was determined.Results. Homozygotes СС with the genetic polymorphism M235T of the AGT treated with valsartan had a statistically significantly higher frequency of achieving target blood pressure figures after 3 weeks of pharmacotherapy compared with TT homozygotes (p=0.006) and a statistically significantly lower frequency of the need to increase the dose of the drug compared with heterozygotes and TT homozygotes (p=0.047 and 0.006, respectively). Among patients treated with irbesartan, there was no statistically significant association of the M235T polymorphism genotype of the AGT with these indicators.Conclusion. The data obtained may indicate a faster and more stable antihypertensive effect in homozygotes of CC and TT of the genetic polymorphism M235T of the AGT. When personalizing hypertension therapy for patients of the Moscow region, carriers of homozygous CC and TT genotypes of the M235T genetic polymorphism of the AGT for more effective achievement of target blood pressure figures, it is advisable to recommend valsartan as a starting therapy in the form of mono- or twocomponent therapy, depending on the degree of hypertension.
Impact of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in mortality and cardiovascular events among middle-aged Russian men: 40 years ago and now
Authors: Shalnova S. A. , Imaeva A. E , Balanova Yu. A , Kutsenko V. A , Kapustina A. V , Metelskaya V. A , Imaeva N. A , Nazarov B. M , Ivlev O. E , Yarovaya E. B , Drapkina O. M
Published: December 2024

Aim. To evaluate the non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) predictive ability in relation to cardiovascular events, all-cause and cause-specific mortality and among middle-aged Russian men now and 40- years ago.Material and methods. For analysis data from 9507 men aged 35-64 without cardiovascular disease (CVD) who did not receive lipid-lowering therapy, participants of two independent population prospective cohort studies — 40-year retrospective (Russian LRC) and conducted at the present time (ESSE-RF) — were used. In the analysis, all-cause mortality, cancer and CVD mortality, and non-fatal CVD (myocardial infarction and STEMI stroke) were assessed. The follow-up period for the LRС study was 10 years, and for the ESSE-RF study, it was 7.8 years.Results. The mean value of non-HDL-C was 0.3 mmol/L higher among participants from the Russian LRC cohort than among men from the ESSE-RF cohort. Low non-HDL-C levels were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. A strong link between high levels of non-HDL-C and the development of fatal and nonfatal CVD events was also found in both cohorts. Men with non-HDL-C levels ≥4.5 mmol/L in the LRC study and ≥4.2 mmol/L in the ESSE-RF study had a significantly increased risk of fatal and non-fatal CVDs (63% and 27%, respectively) and decreased risk of cancer mortality (28% and 50%, respectively). Conclusion. Downwards trends in non-HDL-C levels over the past 40 years were indicated. The study identified a decline of non-HDL-C in the general population level since the 1970s of the 20th century. Up to the present time, there is still a non-linear relationship between the level of non-HDL-C and total mortality, that could be explained by the presence of differently directed associations between this parameter, cancer mortality and the development of fatal and non-fatal CVDs.
Implementasi sikap toleransi antar umat beragama di kalangan masyarakat
Authors: Al Hasanah Srikandi , Pujilestari Yulita
Published: December 2024

Abstrak
Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bentuk implementasi sikap toleransi antar umat beragama di kalangan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengambilan data observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan untuk menganalisis data sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan. Uji keabsahan data menggunakan perpanjangan pengamatan dan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi sikap toleransi antar umat beragama berjalan dengan baik. Bentuk implementasi sikap toleransi antar umat beragama di kalangan masyarakat ditandai dengan adanya penerapan sikap toleransi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari yaitu tidak memaksakan kehendak orang lain untuk mengikuti kepercayaan yang kita miliki, saling menghargai dan menghormati ketika pemeluk agama lain sedang melakukan ibadah atau upacara keagamaan, mengakui adanya perbedaan serta kesadaran masyarakat yang saling membantu ketika pemeluk agama lain sedang mengalami kesulitan. Seperti melakukan kegiatan yang mewujudkan sikap toleransi antar umat beragama yaitu kegiatan gotong royong bersama, jumat bersih, dan bentuk penyajian makanan. Selain itu juga adanya kesadaran masyarakat untuk saling menghargai, dan tradisi dari nenek moyang yang masih kental sehingga masyarakat masih saling menghargai.
Kata kunci: implementasi, sikap toleransi, umat beragama
Efficacy of Androgen Receptor Signaling Inhibitors in Combination with Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Castration-sensitive Metastatic Prostate Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis in a Japanese Cohort
Authors: Taga Minekatsu , Sasaki Takeshi , Higashi Shinichiro , Kimura Shoichi , Sawada Atsuro , Tsuchiyama Katsuki , Inoue Takahiro , Kamoto Toshiyuki , Terada Naoki
Published: December 2024

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) combined with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for treating castration-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer in Japanese patients, focusing on the effects on time to the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and overall survival (OS).
Methods
This retrospective muti-institutional analysis included 332 patients diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer in Japan between 2018 and 2023. The patients were categorized into two groups: patients receiving ADT combined with ARSI (ARSI group) and those receiving ADT alone or with bicalutamide (ADT group). Data on demographics, treatments, and outcomes were compared using the Kaplan–Meier method with propensity score matching.
Results
We found an increasing trend in ARSI use over time. The median time to CRPC was significantly longer in the ARSI group than in the ADT group (47.1 vs. 15.2 months, p < 0.001); however, no significant differences in OS were observed before or after propensity score matching. The 1-year-survival rate of patients in the ARSI group tended to be higher than that of patients in the ADT group in subgroups with high tumor volume (96.1% vs. 85.0%) and high Gleason grade (98.1% vs. 85.9%).
Conclusions
Adding ARSI to ADT extended the time to CRPC but did not significantly affect OS. However, it potentially suppressed the short-term risk of death in high-risk subgroups. This study highlights the need for further research to explore the characteristics of Japanese patients with metastatic prostate cancer in whom upfront ARSIs are effective.
Large language models enable high-throughput mining and generation of antimicrobial peptides against clinical superbugs
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Yihui , Zhao Lanlan , Xi Yaxuan , Pan Yingmiao , Li Ziyun , Zhao Guoping
Published: December 2024

The discovery of novel antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) against clinical superbugs is urgently needed to address the ongoing antibiotic resistance crisis. Here, a pre-trained protein large language model (LLM), ProteoGPT was established and further developed into multiple specialized sub-LLMs to assemble a sequential pipeline. This pipeline enables rapid screening across hundreds of millions of peptide sequences, ensuring potent antimicrobial activity and minimizing cytotoxic risks. Through transfer learning, we endowed the LLMs with different domain-specific knowledge to simultaneously achieve high-throughput mining and generation of AMPs within a unified methodological framework. Notably, both mined and generated AMPs exhibit reduced susceptibility to resistance development in ICU-derived superbugs, and comparable or superior therapeutic efficacy and anti-inflammatory properties compared to clinical antibiotics, without causing organ damage and disrupting gut microbiota.
Study on the effect of acid fracturing fluid on pore structure of middle to high rank coal
Authors: Kang Zhao , Liangwei Li , Kun Li , Shaojie Zuo , Zhizhong Jiang
Published: December 2024

Acid fracturing fluids can effectively improve the microporous structure of coal, thereby enhancing the permeability of coal seam and the efficiency of gas drainage. To explore the effects of acid fracturing fluids on the pore structure modification of coal samples from different coal ranks, hydrochloric acid-based acid fracturing fluids were prepared and used to soak four types of medium to high-rank coal in an experiment. High-pressure mercury intrusion and liquid nitrogen adsorption techniques results demonstrated that the acid fracturing fluid can effectively alter the pore structure of coal. However, the modification effect does not exhibit a linear relationship with coal rank. The porosity of fat coal and coking coal increased by approximately 30%, while the surface area of gas coal and fat coal increased by about 20%. The new micropores produced by the acid fracturing fluid will increase the roughness of the fracture surface, but the widening of the original fracture will reduce the tortuosity of the fracture. Only the fractal dimension of lean coal has a significant change, about 6%. Overall, acid fracturing fluid has the best effect on gas coal and coking coal. The research results provide a reference for the selection and application of acid fracturing fluid in coal seam hydraulic fracturing.
Neonatal Hereditary Spherocytosis: A Case Report
Authors: Coramusi Carolina , Lucangeli Natalia , Vadalà Sarah , Parisi Pasquale , Scapillati Maria Eleonora
Published: December 2024

Background: hereditary spherocytosis is a genetic disorder affecting red blood cell membranes, leading to increased destruction and haemolysis. In neonates, it ranges from asymptomatic to severe cases with anaemia, jaundice, and spleen issues. Early diagnosis through clinical, laboratory, and genetic tests is vital for prognosis. This clinical case is presented due to the rarity of neonatal-onset spherocytosis, providing an opportunity for a literature review.
Case presentation : a full-term baby was born via vaginal delivery with a family history of hereditary spherocytosis. The patient was discharged without complications but was later hospitalized for an unrelated issue, during which haemolytic anemia was detected, leading to the beginning of the diagnostic process and subsequent onset of appropriate therapy with a positive outcome
Conclusions: in cases of neonates with jaundice or anemia, it is crucial to consider neonatal spherocytosis among the differential diagnoses, as early diagnosis allows for appropriate therapy and enables the patient to maintain a normal quality of life.
Patterns of Spatial Covariation in Herbivore Functions on Coral Reefs: Implications for Reef Resilience
Authors: Cook Dana T. , Holbrook Sally J. , Schmitt Russell J.
Published: December 2024

Persistent shifts to undesired ecological states, such as shifts from coral to macroalgae, are becoming more common. This highlights the need to understand processes that can help restore affected ecosystems. Herbivory on coral reefs is widely recognized as a key interaction that can keep macroalgae from outcompeting coral. Most attention has been on the role ‘grazing’ herbivores play in preventing the establishment of macroalgae, while less research has focused on the role of ‘browsers’ in extirpating macroalgae. Here we explored patterns, environmental correlates and state shift consequences of spatial co-variation in grazing and browsing functions of herbivorous fishes. Grazing and browsing rates were not highly correlated across 20 lagoon sites in Moorea, French Polynesia, but did cluster into 3 (of 4) combinations of high and low consumption rates (no site had low grazing but high browsing). Consumption rates were not correlated with grazer or browser fish biomass, but both were predicted by specific environmental variables. Experiments revealed that reversibility of a macroalgal state shift was strongly related to spatial variation in browsing intensity. Our findings provide insights and simple diagnostic tools regarding heterogeneity in top-down forcing that influences the vulnerability to and reversibility of shifts to macroalgae on coral reefs.