bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOBRE A EMISSÃO DE DOCUMENTOS MÉDICOS NO BRASIL: alguns conceitos básicos
Authors: Rocha Felipe Ximenes Muricy da
Published: August 2023

Não se deve confundir o emprego em sentido geral (latu senso) dos termos Atestado, Relatório, Declaração, Laudo ou Parecer (Opinião Fundamentada), quando utilizados para exprimir a emissão de uma “Afirmação Médica” (dos verbos atestar, relatar, declarar, laudar ou opinar), com o uso em sentido estrito (stricto sensu), quando se nomeia um documento que se está emitindo. Este breve manual intenciona trazer os elementos existentes, organizá-los e orientar a forma correta de empregar estes termos e emitir os documentos médicos. Inferindo-se a partir de todo o exposto, conclui-se: 1) Deve-se atentar para qual a intenção dos documentos médicos para melhor subsidiar e orientar a pessoa que está solicitando, a qual pode estar fazendo emprego de termo em sentido latu sensu ou divergente do objeto; 2) A forma mais geral de documento médico é a Declaração, cuja formatação e condições de emissão são livres aos profissionais ou à instituição; 3) Atestados são Declarações Técnicas com valor médico-legal, assim como notificações e depoimentos orais, que se dividem nos seguintes tipos, ordenados por hierarquia, da menor para a maior: a. Simples (ou Oficioso): solicitado pelo paciente no âmbito da consulta, que versa de maneira sucinta sobre o estado do paciente e emite uma ou mais conclusões (inclusive necessidade de dispensa ou repouso); b. Relatório Médico: requerido pelo paciente ou por responsável legal com fins periciais (administrativos ou judiciais). Possui uma estrutura mínima prevista; c. Parecer Médico: trata-se de Laudo designado por autoridade para representar uma das partes; d. Laudo Médico-Pericial: relatório elaborado por perito (oficial ou designado por autoridade pública) após investigação do caso e dirigido a um objetivo previamente definido; 4) Existem previsões legais em que o profissional está investido da necessidade de emissão de documentos, como Declaração de Óbito, Laudo de Autorização para Internação Hospitalar, Notificações e Sumário de Alta, os quais deverão ser elaborados de acordo com sua norma específica.
The phenomenon of musical hallucinations: An updated review
Authors: Al-Awad Feras A
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Musical hallucinations (MHs) is a heterogeneous phenomenon. Multiple case reports and series have improved our understanding of this complex phenomenon. This systematic review aims to assess the available evidence regarding MHs.

Methods: PubMed and ProQuest databases were searched for articles published between 2005 and 2022. The keywords used for the search were “music,” “musical,” “hallucinations,” and “hallucinosis.”

Results: The search identified 421 articles; however, only 67 were selected. A total of 77 patients were selected from case reports and series. We identified 50 articles with single cases, four articles with two cases, four articles with three cases, and one article with six cases. Eight additional articles that provided information regarding the prevalence of MHs were included in the review.

Conclusions: MHs are common among older individuals, women, and hearing-impaired individuals. The etiologies include psychiatric, neurological, hearing impairments, and substances. Content of MHs is typically familiar songs/music. No randomized controlled studies are available for determining the treatment for MHs.
Modification and implementation of bridge maintenance process in south Gujarat
Authors: Palak C Patel  , Bankim R Joshi
Published: July 2023

Bridge maintenance is a critical aspect in bridge transportation. It is a necessary social infrastructure for daily life. Surat has 118 bridges that have been built or are being built. There are no effective bridge maintenance systems or inspection regulations in place, resulting in bridge degradation. The maintenance process is repeated every five years; however, the time lapse causes further damage and repair work. The objective of this study was to identify the factors affecting bridge maintenance. This study is divided into two parts: questionaire survey and analyses the factors affecting bridge maintenance policy. The RII (Relative Importance Index) approach is used to analyses. Top 5 factors were determined by RII method that are traffic volume, surrounding environment, unfavorable government policy, live load and other load for which the bridge to be design and weather effect. Improvement factors are given for bridge maintenance.
The efficacy of Mycorrhizae, poultry manure and inorganic fertilizer in improving soil fertility and growth of rubber saplings in Iyanomo Southern Nigeria
Authors: F. C Izevbigie  , E Ehis-Iyoha  , E Unabor L. A Ighomieje  , S.A Ighedosa
Published: July 2023

Screen house trials were conducted in Soil and Plant Nutrition Division in Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria. In Screen house four rate of Mycorrhizae was used (M0, M1, M2 and M3), NPK and Poultry manure was three rate (0, F1 and e rate F2) giving a total of twelve (12) treatment combination. Each treatment was replicated three times. The rates used in the Screen house are equivalent to 0, 500 g, 0.83 g and 600 g/polybag in 5 kg of soil. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design in 2014 cropping season. which gave rise to 12 treatments which is as follows: M1F0–Glomusmosseae, M2F0–Glomusclarius, M3F0–Glomusdeserticola, M0F1– Chemical Fertilizer 15:15:15 (NPK), M0F2– Poultry Manure, M1F1–Glomusmosseae+ NPK 15:15:15, M2F1–Glomusclarius+ NPK 15:15:15, M3F1–Glomusdeserticola + NPK 15: 15:15, M1F2–Glomusmosseae + Poultry Manure, M2F2–Glomusclarius+ Poultry Manure, M3F2–Glomusdeserticola +Poultry Manure and M0F0 which was the Control respectively. Soil samplings were obtained before and after application of soil treatment at 0-15cm depth. Plant data; height, girth leaf area and number of leaves were collected at monthly interval for seven (7) months, The result showed general improvements in the chemical properties after application of treatments. In all the cropping seasons, seven months recorded a higher growth response of Hevea brasiliensis saplings plant height, girth, leaf area and number of leaves with values of (140.3, 133.0, 90.1, 81.2, 68.9 and 56.6 cm), (11.9, 10.5, 9.4, 9.1, 7.2 and 7.1 cm), (69.9, 50.7, 45.6, 32.8, 29.8 and 26.3 cm) and (25.3, 20.0, 15.3, 15.3, 14.0 and 13.3) respectively. The result obtained showed that at 7 months after treatment application there were significant difference (P<0.05) in Organic matter, Nitrogen, Magnesium, Calcium and Sodium with the highest value 6.74, 0.22, 6.40, 2.60 and 0.25 respectively in Glomus deserticola +Poultry Manure.
Image recognition in self-driving cars using CNN
Authors: Shreya Muppidi
Published: July 2023

The concept of neural networks has existed for over decades but was never considerably acknowledged as much as of today. The main reason happens to be “data.” To analyze a problem statement using neural networks, large data is required in its various forms and therefore it has not been instigated back in the day. But now, with today’s vast technology, neural networks have begun to take over some of the numerous machine learning applications with the help of huge datasets. In this research paper, a certain deep learning approach namely convolutional neural network (CNN) has been discussed which plays a major role in classifying and recognizing objects i.e., obstacles on the road. Earlier, computer-based algorithms have been followed for image processing in vehicles which seemed to be applicable to a certain extent. So much so, now with deep learning approaches, simpler yet faster networks can be implemented for a safe drive. Automatic vehicles such as Tesla which is examined to be “fully self-driving” nevertheless needs a driver to watch over the road at some particular point. This proves that there is not yet a fully controlled self-driving car created which can drive itself without a spectator. This appeal can be solved by means of image detection mechanisms using neural networks along with a programming language to deploy machine learning models at ease. The main objective is to develop a simple and accurate algorithm to make image recognition more precise for a better self-driving car.
Till death do us apart? The impact of social recognition of relationships on fidelity
Authors: Kerem Kemal Soylemez  , Marina Rachitskiy
Published: July 2023

Although relationship satisfaction has been widely explored, there is a gap in the literature on how factors such as the legal recognition of relationships, relationship orientation and gender affect intentions to engage in infidelity. This study aimed to explore the effect of the legal recognition of relationships, relationship orientation and gender on intentions to engage in infidelity, while controlling for relationship satisfaction. Three hundred forty-seven participants were recruited. The participants were aged between 22 to 79 years (M=41.48, SD=10.16) and in a relationship between 5 and 59 years (M=15.21; SD=9.41). The countries where the participants were raised were split into three categories: no, partial and full legal recognition. The Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale Short form, The Relationship Assessment Scale, The Intentions Towards Infidelity Scale were utilised. ANCOVA indicated that legal recognition is an important factor in intentions to engage in infidelity, furthermore females in heterosexual relationships from countries with full recognition had lower intentions to engage in infidelity. This study aimed to give direction for future research by highlighting the similarity of homosexual and heterosexual relationships when legitimised and focused more on gender differences.
Literature study: Superior semicircular canal syndrome (SSCS)
Authors: Dina Alia  , Desri Luhonna
Published: July 2023

Superior Semicircular Canal Syndrome (SSCS) or Superior Canal Dehiscence Syndrome is a rare abnormality in the medical field in the form of balance disturbance or vertigo caused by loud noises or changes in pressure causing rupture of the roof of the superior semicircular canal. SSCS was first described by Lloyd Minor in 1998 after more than 70 years since Tullio and Hennebert discovered the Tullio phenomenon, a condition in which vertigo or nystagmus is triggered by loud noises, and the Hennebert phenomenon, a condition in which vertigo or nystagmus, is triggered by changes in pressure. The exact prevalence of superior semicircular canal syndrome is not known until now. Estimates of prevalence varied from 0.5–2% of cases in temporal bone studies, to 3–9% of cases in studies performed with CT scans. Cases of SSCS are more common in males than females. Clinical symptoms that appear in SSCS are caused by dehiscence so that patients will complain of autophonia, which the sound produced by their body sounds louder, hyperacusis, tinnitus, vertigo which is triggered by loud noises, and nystagmus. A Careful history, an examination of hearing and balance function, also high-resolution CT scan are needed to establish the diagnose of SSCS. Management can be done conservatively. If the complaints are severe, then operative options can be considered.
Observation of morphometric characteristics in fish Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) from Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Priyanka Tiwari  , Newton Paul
Published: July 2023

The walking catfish (Clarias batrachus Linnaeus, 1758) is an omnivorous bottom feeder, incorporating various food sources in its diet, such as insects, insect larvae, crustaceans, and vegetable matter. It is primarily nocturnal. However, it can adapt to pond conditions and readily switch to a more carnivorous diet. During observation, the main focus is to examine the morphometric relationship of Clarias batrachus for that total ten morphometric characters were measured for each specimen. Notably, a linear relationship was observed between the total length and other morphometric characters. The results highlight a strong correlation between most morphometric parameters and the total length of the catfish. However, it was found that the anal length does not show a significant correlation with the total length.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Perkoperasian dan Kualitas Layanan terhadap Partisipasi Anggota Koperasi Mahasiswa Universitas Negeri Surabaya di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sa'adah Raudia Nur , Kamalia Putri Ulfa
Published: July 2023

This study examines whether cooperative education and service quality affect the participation of cooperative members. This study analyzes cooperative education and service quality as variables that can affect the participation of cooperative members. The analysis uses SPSS to test the hypothesis. The sample used was 75 respondents. The results of the study indicate that there is a positive and significant effect of cooperative education on member participation, but service quality does not affect member participation. Simultaneously, it shows that cooperative education and service quality simultaneously affect member participation.
texto queer
Authors: Costa Daniel Padilha Pacheco da , Pires Gustavo Matheus , Alves Rodolfo Gabriel
Published: August 2023

Embora seja um conceito-base no interior do campo transdisciplinar dos estudos queer, sobretudo em sua intersecção com as áreas dedicadas aos estudos da linguagem, o texto queer ainda não possui uma definição exaustiva. Inicialmente, discutimos as definições de texto queer, oferecidas pela sociolinguística e pela teoria literária com base nos conceitos de socioleto queer e de literatura queer, respectivamente. Como essas definições são necessárias, mas não suficientes para compreendê-lo, dialogamos com o conceito de camp verbal, enfatizando a relação intrínseca entre as suas dimensões linguística e extralinguística. A seguir, propomos a nossa própria definição do texto queer, distinguindo três aspectos indissociáveis entre si: socioleto queer, dialogismo e ênfase. Por fim, ilustramos a nossa definição por meio da análise de exemplos retirados de textos literários e jornalísticos, canções e obras audiovisuais.
Gênero, currículos de animação e a produção de contracondutas
Authors: Rabelo Ariane Gabriele Brasil Gois
Published: August 2023

Este artigo tem como base os Estudos Culturais, as Teorias Pós-Críticas, os estudos Foucaultianos, de Currículo e de Gênero. Com isso em mente, objetivamos construir uma articulação entre o currículo presente no desenho animado “A Casa Coruja” e a produção de contracondutas relacionadas a gênero através das cenas analisadas. Buscamos por meio de um estado da arte localizar o que já havia sido produzido sobre gênero e desenhos animados e a partir do que foi encontrado, traçamos novas rotas que nos levaram a escolher para análise o desenho animado A Casa Coruja. Com o produto audiovisual definido, utilizamos da filmografia para escolher as cenas a serem analisadas, a partir de um diálogo com Judith Butler e outros autores. Concluímos que A Casa Coruja questiona as normas e insere sujeitos outros e modos diversos de existir.
Sobre o queer podemos pesquisar em currículo e educação?
Authors: Oliveira Danilo Araujo de , Ferrari Anderson , Souza Marcos Lopes de , Ribeiro Paula Regina Costa
Published: August 2023

Esse artigo pensa e discute as expansões, os obstáculos e as imaginações da teoria queer no presente para problematizar sobre o que podemos pesquisar em currículo e educação no Brasil. Consideramos que o queer, como analítica da normalização, seja uma ferramenta de que não podemos abrir mão para pensar os efeitos das normas nas vidas de muitas pessoas que demandam ainda mais expansões em territórios, sejam físicos e/ou conceituais; defendemos que há, ainda, obstáculos em pesquisar algumas temáticas queer desde a educação e o currículo, porque algumas áreas são legitimadas para tal; concordamos que há imaginações porvir que tensionem, ampliem e possam nos fazer pensar o mundo para além das normas e que se fabule a existência em seu sentido amplo.
“Mulher não cabe em caixinha”
Authors: Souza Elaine de Jesus , Rocha Eugerbia Paula
Published: August 2023

Os feminismos constituem um movimento que reivindica a equidade de gênero, a partir da luta pelos direitos sociais e políticos das mulheres. Este estudo trata-se do recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa mais abrangente realizada em três escolas da Educação Básica de um município do Cariri cearense, que objetivou analisar as narrativas de jovens/mulheres estudantes acerca de feminismos e feminilidades no contexto escolar. Os procedimentos investigativos envolveram a realização de uma entrevista semiestruturada, a partir da problematização da música “Perfeitinha”, por meio da análise foucaultiana do discurso. Diante das análises, foi possível perceber que a cultura machista reflete na sociedade e em diferentes artefatos culturais, inclusive nas músicas sertanejas, onde se manifestam de forma mais explícita. Assim, destacamos a necessidade de incorporar, de modo contínuo e sistemático, as temáticas gênero, feminismos e feminilidades nos currículos escolares e acadêmicos, para que possamos repensar a educação a partir de uma abordagem queer.
Os desejos adormecidos nas notas de campo
Authors: Dantas Matheus Reis , Cardoso Lívia de Rezende
Published: August 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a produção dos desejos da natureza em currículos do YouTube. Os currículos são práticas discursivas que constroem representações sobre desejos, gêneros, sexualidades e corpos, afetando formas de existência marcadas por abjetificação e normatização. Utilizando abordagem netnográfica e análise do discurso inspirada em Foucault, investigo o “Tinder da Natureza” e os possíveis matchs nessa rede intensificadora de relações. O discurso biológico reforça coerências e fluxos unidimensionais de desejo, enraizados em uma estrutura governamental cisheteropatriarcal ou de dominação sexopolítica. A heteronormatividade é identificada nos esforços contínuos que retratam a natureza como uma tecnologia que engloba apenas performances de machos e fêmeas, monogamia, competições e consumo excessivo de energia para encontrar um/a parceiro/a sexual. Portanto, é necessário pensar em composições curriculares que transcendam a cisheteronormatividade punitiva e culpabilizadora, pois os conhecimentos divulgados nos vídeos analisados legitimam movimentos conservadores, como a “ideologia de gênero” e o discurso religioso.
Exploring the future of mathematics teaching: Insight with ChatGPT
Authors: Supriyadi Edi , Kuncoro K. S.
Published: August 2023

This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the future of mathematics teaching from the perspective of ChatGPT, an advanced language processing artificial intelligence (AI) developed by OpenAI. The results of the chat transcripts edited with ChatGPT suggest that the future of mathematics teaching will see the integration of technology and AI to provide personalized learning experiences, blended learning environments, and computational thinking, data literacy, and statistics. Problem-solving, critical thinking, and interdisciplinary connections will continue to be emphasized, and equity and inclusion will remain crucial. AI is expected to revolutionize mathematics education, but thoughtful implementation, ongoing professional development, and pedagogical considerations are essential. However, the future of teaching mathematics will continue to evolve. Therefore, teachers and lecturers need to keep abreast of the latest developments and adapt to them while remaining committed to providing quality teaching.
Understanding common errors in solving math problems on systems of linear equations with two variables
Authors: Koten Octaviana , Sulistyowati Fitria , Ahsan Muhammad Ghozian Kafi , Kuncoro K. S.
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to identify the types of mistakes students made in solving SPLDV problems based on the Kastolan technique and why they made these mistakes. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach which was carried out at SMP Negeri 4 Sewon. The research subjects were 2 students of eighth grade who were selected based on the completeness of the answers and the answers were then examined and analyzed. Data was collected using documentation, interviews, observations, and tests. The instruments used were observation sheets, tests, unstructured interview guidelines. The data were then analyzed descriptively. The results of this study are that there are two categories of errors that are mostly made by students when solving SPLDV problems, namely conceptual and technical errors. This research is expected to be a reference for further research related to errors in solving SPLDV problems.
Reflective Thinking Profile of Physics Teacher Prospective Students through Nuclear Physics Learning using Virtual Laboratory
Authors: Sinensis Arini Rosa , Firdaus Thoha
Published: July 2023

Virtual Laboratory is a platform that helps students carry out practicum-based learning both independently and in groups. Nuclear physics is an abstract concept that discusses atomic nuclei, atomic nuclei decay, radioactivity which allows in practice to use virtual. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of students' reflective thinking skills after using the virtual lab in the nuclear physics course. The method used is descriptive quantitative. The data collection technique used a modified Kember reflective questionnaire with 24 statement items consisting of aspects of habitual action, understanding, reflection, and critical reflection. The research subjects were 15 prospective physics teacher students. The results showed that the level of reflective ability: habitual action (72.7%), understanding (89.3%), reflection 76.9% and critical reflection (67.87%) means that all levels are in the high category. These results explain that the profile of students' reflective thinking abilities is in the high category after learning nuclear physics using a virtual laboratory.
KADINLARIN İDEOLOJİK YÖNELİMLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR ALAN ARAŞTIRMASI: ANTALYA ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TEKİN Nazlı
Published: August 2023

Dünyayı etkileyen ideolojiler Türkiye’de de kendine yer bulmuştur. Dünyadaki ideolojilerden farklı olarak Türkiye içi dinamikler de ideolojilerin gelişimini etkilemiştir. Türkiye’de ideolojiler ilk olarak sağ-sol ekseninde ayrışırken, günümüzde ise laiklik-din, modern-geleneksel ve milliyetçilik ekseninde ayrışmaktadır. Bireyin sahip olduğu ideolojide cinsiyet belirleyici bir faktör olarak yer almaktadır. Genellikle kadınların ve erkeklerin ideolojileri yönünde farklılık olmakta, kadınlar erkeklere göre daha çok muhafazakâr ve dini ideolojileri desteklemektedirler. Bu çalışma ile kadınların ve erkeklerin ideolojik yönelimleri ve kadınların ideolojilerinin nasıl farklılaştığı ve bu farklılığa etki eden faktörler alan araştırması ile belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Küme örnekleme yöntemine göre Türkiye’de Antalya ilinde yaşayan kadın (663) ve erkek (196) denek üzerinde yapılan alan araştırma sonucunda; kadın ve erkek arasında benimsenen ideolojilerin farklı olduğu ve bu farklılığın nedeni biyolojik cinsiyet yerine toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinin bir sonucu olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca kadınların sahip olduğu sosyoekonomik özelliklerin onların kendi ideolojilerinde de farklılığa yol açtığı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
»Also, das bringt einen ja in ’ner Beziehung nochmal auf ’ne andere Stufe«
Authors: Schreiber Julia
Published: August 2023

Ausgangspunkt des Beitrags ist die Annahme, dass Fortpflanzungstechnologien auf vielfältige Weise die Bedingungen für die Planung und Realisierung des Elternwerdens verändern, womit sie die Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten für partnerschaftliche Beziehungen erweitern, aber auch neue Formen des psychischen Erlebens und der Deutung von Kinderwunsch, Paarbeziehung und gemeinsamer Elternschaft hervorbringen. Anhand von zwei Falldarstellungen wird illustriert, wie sich Praktiken und Bedeutungen der Reproduktionsmedizin verknüpfen mit biografischen Beziehungserfahrungen und damit psychisch auch bedeutsam werden können in Hinblick auf die Bewältigung latenter Konflikte, unbewusster Wünsche und Ängste im Übergang zur Elternschaft. Übergreifend wird deutlich, wie Fortpflanzungsmedizin eine Abwehr und Kontrolle von Begrenztheit, Bedürftigkeit und Angewiesenheit auf einen anderen begünstigen kann, mit der wiederum verschiedene Risiken und destruktive Potenziale verwoben sind.
The Toquaht Archaeological Project: Research at T'ukw'aa, a Nuu-chah-nulth village and defensive site in Barkley Sound, Western Vancouver Island
Authors: McMillan Alan D. , Monks Gregory G. , St. Claire Denis E.
Published: August 2023

The Toquaht Archaeological Project was led by the authors in cooperation with the Toquaht First Nation, one of the Nuu-chah-nulth peoples of western Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The Nuu-chah-nulth formerly lived in large villages of plank-covered houses facing the sea, relying on a wide variety of fish species and marine mammals, including large whales. This volume presents research results from T'ukw'aa, the ancient village in Barkley Sound from which the modern Toquaht derive their name. This location, occupied for over 1,000 years, includes a defensive headland, or “fortress,” that provided a lookout location and place of refuge during hostilities. Ethnographic and ethnohistoric descriptions of Toquaht life are followed by discussion of archaeological research at T'ukw'aa to examine life prior to contact with Europeans and immediately after. All excavated materials, including faunal remains and artifacts, are described and assessed, providing insights into past lifeways in this outer-coast community.
PERBEDAAN HASIL BELAJAR EKONOMI MENGGUNAKAN MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER DENGAN MEDIA GAMBAR DAN TANPA MEDIA GAMBAR PADA SISWA
Authors: Rizky Amalia Aisyah , Sudarman Sudarman , Haidar Kadori
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar ekonomi siswa yang diajarkan  menggunakan model coopertative learning numbered heads together dengan media gambar dan tanpa media gambar. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Quasi eksperimen. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPS SMA Negeri 1 Sangatta Utara dengan kelas  X IPS 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen 1 dan kelas X IPS 2 sebagai kelas eksperimen 2. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, observasi, dan tes. Berdasarkan analisis data nilai rata – rata untuk kelas eksperimen 1 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 12,12 (17,8%) sedangkan nilai rata – rata untuk kelas eksperimen 2 mengalami peningkatan sebesar 8,63 (13,8). Hasil uji hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar ekonomi siswa menggunakan model coopertative learning numberhed together dengan media gambar dan tanpa media gambar di tinjau dari hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran ekonomi.
Влияние легирующих элементов и технологических параметров аустемперинга на структуру и механические свойства чугуна с шаровидным графитом (ADI)
Authors: Келеш Алы , Дженгиз Рабыа , Йилдырым Мехмет
Published: July 2023

Исследовано влияние добавок легирующих элементов (Mo и Ni), длительности аустемперинга при 350 °C и толщины сечения изделия на структуру и механические свойства промышленного ковкого чугуна марки GGG-70 (EN-GJS-700-2). Определены химический состав отливок и твердость по Бринеллю чугунов в различных состояниях. Проведены микро- и рентгеноструктурный анализы чугунов, а также испытания на растяжение и ударную вязкость. Установлено, что легирование оказывает существенное влияние на способность чугуна к аустемперингу и его механические свойства после термической обработки. Легированный чугун имеет наилучшее сочетание сверхвысоких значений пределов текучести и прочности с высокой пластичностью. После аустемперинга коленчатые валы, легированные 0,2 % Mo + 0,6 % Ni, имеют типичную структуру ковкого чугуна ADI даже в самых толстых сечениях (центр коренного подшипника толщиной 58 мм) с равномерным распределением твердости.
Оценка характера деформации тонких слябов методом количественной металлографии
Authors: Ворожева Е. Л. , Кудашов Д. В. , Хлыбов А. А. , Сметанин К. С. , Подтёлков В. В.
Published: July 2023

Исследованы особенности деформированного состояния промышленных тонких слябов, произведенных в непрерывном цикле литейно-прокатного комплекса. Методами количественной металлографии измерены параметры дендритной структуры при разных степенях обжатия в ходе деформации слябов в черновой группе клетей. Рассмотрен характер изменений, происходящих в первичной дендритной структуре в процессе деформирования. Установлено, что относительное изменение размеров дендритной структуры по толщине сляба соответствует степени относительных обжатий при прокатке. Получена картина распределения деформации по толщине раскатов.
Поверхностная пластическая деформация пружинных материалов: особенности структуры и свойств
Authors: Бараз В. Р. , Ишина Е. А.
Published: July 2023

Рассмотрены особенности структуры и свойств ленточных образцов пружинных материалов различного структурного класса, подвергнутых фрикционному деформированию. Проанализированы виды обработки и свойства мартенситной стали 70С2ХА, аустенитной стали 12Х17Н8Г2СМФ (ЗИ-126) и бронзы БрБНТ1,7. Показано, что поверхностная пластическая деформация в виде фрикционной обработки способствует формированию сильно фрагментированной тонкой структуры нанометрического масштаба и обеспечивает эффективное упрочнение исследованных пружинных материалов в сочетании с существенным повышением циклической долговечности.
Новые композитные антифрикционные бронзы: состав, структура, свойства (обзор)
Authors: Потехин Б. А.
Published: July 2023

Проведен обзор результатов исследований новых композитных антифрикционных бронз, армированных дендритами, представляющими собой стали разных классов: мартенситно-стареющие, аустенитные, нержавеющие. Описан принцип создания таких материалов и приведен химический состав разработанных композитных бронз. Рассмотрены их структура, механические свойства, режимы термической обработки. Установлен эффект высокой растворимости меди в железе (і 20 масс. %). Показано, что износостойкость бронзы БрЖНХК 12-7-5-1 в условиях трения скольжением выше, чем у классической бронзы БрО10, в 5 раз, а после ее диспергирования — в і 10 раз.
Механические свойства композитных материалов на основе сплава Fe – 18 % Cr – 10 % Ni, полученных с применением термической обработки лазерным излучением
Authors: Блинова Е. Н. , Воронов В. Д. , Глезер А. М. , Ишкиняев Э. Д. , Либман М. А. , Осинцев А. В. , Петровский В. Н. , Шурыгина Н. А.
Published: July 2023

Исследованы механические характеристики композитных материалов на основе сплава Fe – 18 % Cr – 10 % Ni, состоящих из пластичных макроскопических областей аустенита, распределенных в высокопрочной мартенситной матрице. Получены кривые напряжение – деформация для образцов, в которых аустенитные области различаются по размерам и форме. На основе анализа построенных диаграмм определены формы аустенитных областей, оптимальные с точки зрения сочетания прочностных и пластических характеристик материала.
Особенности структурно-фазовых превращений в бейнитной стали
Authors: Малинин А. В. , Ситдиков В. Д. , Курилов А. А.
Published: July 2023

Исследованы особенности структурно-фазовых превращений при формировании структуры бейнитной стали. Показаны возможности идентификации методом растровой электронной микроскопии пластинчатого (ПМ) и реечного мартенсита (РМ) после закалки, отпущенного мартенсита (ОМ), верхнего (ВБ) и нижнего бейнита (НБ) после отпуска закаленной стали. Исследована морфология и выявлены закономерности формирования ВБ, НБ и ОМ в структуре стали. Методом рентгенофазового анализа путем разложения рефлексов на составляющие показаны возможности идентификации фаз (ПМ, РМ, остаточный аустенит (Aост ), ОМ, ВБ, НБ) и расчета их массовой доли в стали. Установлено, что после закалки (950 °C) в стали формируется ПМ и РМ, различающиеся по морфологии и плотности внесенных дислокаций, количеству двойников и концентрации углерода в матрице. При отпуске (500 °C) закаленной стали наблюдается фазовый переход: ПM + РM + Aост → ВБ + НБ + ОМ + ПМ + РМ + цементит. Выполнена оценка стойкости бейнитной стали к сульфидному коррозионному растрескиванию под нагрузкой и водородному охрупчиванию.
Синтез постоянных магнитов 25Х15К и исследование их свойств в условиях эксплуатации в магнитных и термических полях
Authors: Жуков А. С. , Бобырь В. В. , Шакиров И. В. , Олисов А. В. , Барахтин Б. К. , Сеин В. А.
Published: July 2023

Рассмотрена возможность применения аддитивной технологии селективного лазерного сплавления для изготовления образцов из магнитотвердого сплава 25Х15КА. Распылением расплава получены исходные порошки для сплавления с хорошим выходом годного и удовлетворяющие требованиям производителей аддитивных установок. Изготовлены опытные образцы цилиндров Ж10 ґ 12 мм и кольцевые магниты с внешним диаметром 46 мм, внутренним диаметром 37,8 мм, высотой 6 мм. Проведены микроструктурные исследования и измерения магнитных параметров. Показано соответствие магнитных характеристик магнитов, полученных по аддитивной технологии, и методом литья. Применен современный метод мультифрактальной аттестации структур, позволивший определить устойчивость свойств аддитивных магнитов к внешним воздействиям.
Распределение легирующих элементов в многопроходных сварных швах хромоникелевой стали
Authors: Мамадалиев Р. А. , Бахматов П. В.
Published: July 2023

Исследовано изменение содержания легирующих элементов в многопроходных сварных швах, выполненных ручной дуговой сваркой покрытыми электродами, в процессе сварки труб из аустенитной стали 12Х18Н10Т толщиной 6 мм с применением электродов ЦЛ-11, ЦТ-15, ОЗЛ-8 при различных значениях тока. На основании результатов послойного химического анализа металла шва и основного металла предложены наиболее эффективные режимы сварки и очередность наплавки валиков. Даны практические рекомендации для ручной дуговой сварки различными электродами ЦЛ-11 одно- и двухпроходных швов на мягких и жестких режимах для получения однородного распределения легирующих элементов в сварном шве.
Математическое моделирование процесса аргонодуговой сварки. 2. Сварка трубопроводов из сплавов HP40NbTi
Authors: Кондратьев С. Ю. , Слюсаренко А. В. , Соколов Ю. А. , Фукс М. Д.
Published: July 2023

Проведены моделирование и экспериментальное исследование влияния режима аргонодуговой сварки на структуру и фазовый состав трубного сварного соединения из сплава HP40NbTi. Установлено, что уменьшение тепловложения за счет применения импульсного режима сварки является эффективным технологическим способом затормаживания фазового превращения карбида ниобия и предотвращения образования нежелательной G-фазы в структуре сварного соединения. Показана возможность целенаправленного регулирования структуры и, как следствие, свойств сварного соединения за счет оптимизации параметров технологического процесса с использованием численного моделирования в среде вычислительного пакета LS-DYNA, ориентированного на решение задачи моделирования процесса сварки.
Экспериментальное исследование шламовой эрозии чугуна Ni-Hard (Нихард) и прогнозирование износа материалов с использованием искусственной нейронной сети (ИНС)
Authors: Маквана Мохит Д. , Сутариа Б. М.
Published: July 2023

Исследована износостойкость легированного чугуна Ni-Hard 4 (Нихард) при шламовой эрозии. Предпринята попытка прогнозировать эрозионный износ материалов с помощью искусственной нейронной сети (ИНС) на основе результатов экспериментального исследования износа шламового бака в различных условиях эксплуатации. Предложена модель ИНС для прогнозирования эрозионного износа материалов и показана ее высокая точность. Модель позволит выбирать материалы, удовлетворяющие заданным эксплуатационным характеристикам, без проведения длительных испытаний в различных условиях эксплуатации.
Структурные состояния стали 316L в зоне сварного шва
Authors: Ярков В. Ю. , Пастухов В. И. , Голосов О. А. , Цупрун Ю. И. , Осинцева А. А.
Published: July 2023

Исследована структура сварного соединения из нержавеющей стали 316L методами сканирующей электронной микроскопии, включая микрозондовый рентгеноспектральный анализ и дифракцию обратно рассеянных электронов (EBSD). Выявлено образование двухфазной структуры в области сварного шва стали 316L, включающей высокотемпературный δ-феррит и аустенит. Показано, что кристаллизация аустенита и феррита происходит в направлении 100, параллельному теплоотводу. Наличие высокотемпературного δ-феррита в стали приводит к неравномерному распределению легирующих элементов (Cr, Ni, Mo), а также к появлению межфазных границ, что может снижать коррозионную стойкость сварного соединения.
Формирование структуры и свойств низкоуглеродистого бейнита в стали 08ХФА
Authors: Выбойщик М. А. , Грузков И. В. , Чистопольцева Е. А. , Тетюева Т. В.
Published: July 2023

Исследованы структура, механические свойства и коррозионная стойкость стали 08ХФА после отпуска при разных температурах. Показаны последовательность трансформации структуры и температурные интервалы фазовых и структурных превращений, происходящих при отпуске реечного, бескарбидного, низкоуглеродистого бейнита. Установлены структурные особенности реечного бейнита стали 08ХФА и технологические режимы его получения, обеспечивающие сочетание высоких прочностных свойств и коррозионной стойкости при эксплуатации в нефтепромысловых средах.
ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE WAR IN UKRAINE: ANALYSIS BASED ON INSUFFICIENT DATA
Authors:   Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Kichurchak Marianna
Published: July 2023

Abstract. Any war is related to the production, exchange, distribution and consumption of limited economic resources in order to ensure protection from military aggression and based on the formation of a military-oriented national economy. The purpose is to specify the chief economic determinants of the war and identify the peculiarities of the Ukrainian economy functioning in the conditions of the military aggression taking into account insufficient information. Scientific methods of induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, comparison are used. The author has identified that the major economic determinants of the war in Ukraine are military-oriented business activity, fiscal and monetary policy, employment and social protection of the population, quality of the human capital, current costs on the military operation, ecological losses and funding programs for elimination of the consequences of negative impact on the natural environment, high level of the shadow economy and corruption, foreign economic activity, changes in the political and economic imperative of the country development, post-war reconstruction financing. The main features of the economic determinants of the war in Ukraine, their interconnectedness and complementarity with each other are revealed. It was found out that the result of their interaction is a gradual adaptation of the activities of households, firms and the state to functioning during the war and the formation of the basis for the post-war reconstruction of the national economy. The structural and logical model of Ukrainian economy functioning in the conditions of the war was formed, which defines the key directions of activity related to stimulating business processes, preserving the human capital, evaluation of military losses and transforming the sustainable development goals. The author has substantiated the expediency of forming a Comprehensive Strategy for the post-war restoration and development of the economy of Ukraine, the basis of which is the formation of specialized funds for the post-war regeneration of the country built on the use of multichannel funding. Key words: economic determinants of the war, a national economy, business activity, employment, fiscal and monetary policy, foreign economic activity.
Un análisis jurisprudencial de la movilidad geográfica interna, desde la sección del trabajo y la seguridad social del Tribunal Municipal Popular de Bayamo, Granma, Cuba
Authors: Martínez Cumbrera Jorge Manuel
Published: August 2023

La movilidad geográfica del trabajador debe entrañar razones organizativas, es decir, la ordenación racional de los factores productivos (el trabajo, en este caso) a tenor de las exigencias funcionales y locativas de las empresas. Constituyen un instrumento de mejora de la productividad, de reducción de costes, de optimización de recursos, aspectos que deben ser atendidos por las empresas para consolidar su posición económica. Para tutelar el derecho del trabajador a la permanencia geográfica en su lugar de trabajo, se requiere, además de alegar la existencia de una causa objetiva, que la misma sea probada
Barreiras e facilitadores da permanência em curso noturno de Odontologia de universidade pública do sul do Brasil
Authors: Silva Cibele Pitthan da , Tomiello Loan Tonial , Toassi Ramona Fernanda Ceriotti
Published: July 2023

Este estudo analisou as condições de permanência e o perfil sociodemográfico-familiar de estudantes do curso noturno de Odontologia, em Universidade Pública do sul do Brasil. Utilizou dados de pesquisa observacional transversal, realizada pelo autopreenchimento de instrumento online. Todos os 175 estudantes matriculados no curso noturno, primeiro semestre de 2019, foram convidados a participar do estudo. As questões fechadas foram analisadas pela estatística descritiva e as abertas pela análise temática de conteúdo. Participaram da pesquisa 55 estudantes. Em sua maioria, eram mulheres, de 25 a 35 anos, brancas, solteiras, sem filhos, residentes na cidade em que se localiza a Instituição e cursaram ensino fundamental e médio em escola pública; 50,9% trabalham, mas dependem de apoio familiar para seu sustento e 63,6% possuem renda individual mensal de até 2 salários mínimos. As barreiras associadas à permanência do estudante no curso foram questões financeiras, aspectos organizacionais da Universidade/curso, a condição de ser estudante-trabalhador, conhecimento do corpo docente sobre o perfil dos estudantes do noturno, segurança em torno do campus e tempo de duração do curso. O auxílio financeiro para compra de materiais odontológicos foi reconhecido como estratégia facilitadora da permanência no curso. Estudantes recomendam como estratégias para fortalecer a permanência, a flexibilização de pré-requisitos e horários de chegada nas aulas, acompanhamento de disciplinas no turno diurno, disciplinas/atividades de educação a distância, maior oferta de atividades extracurriculares em dias/horários considerando o estudante-trabalhador e acompanhamento psicológico. O curso noturno tem possibilitado o acesso do estudante trabalhador na educação superior em Odontologia. Barreiras e facilitadores da permanência foram identificados e devem ser permanentemente analisados.
A formação humanística para estudantes e profissionais da Odontologia
Authors: Marcucci Marcelo , Gallian Dante Marcelo Claramonte
Published: July 2023

As Humanidades compõem um agrupamento de conhecimentos sobre artes, literatura e ciências humanas voltadas para a área da saúde, que surgiram como contraponto à excessiva tecnologização da saúde. Seu pressuposto é auxiliar o profissional da saúde a desenvolver conhecimentos além dos saberes técnicos, suportados nas ciências humanas e humanidades, e que permitam interagir com o paciente em todas as suas dimensões:  espirituais, éticas, psíquicas, culturais e sociais. O objetivo desta revisão de literatura foi trazer uma reflexão sobre a importância das Humanidades para a atuação do cirurgião-dentista apontando alguns caminhos para seu desenvolvimento.  A estratégia de busca de artigos foi a seleção de uma amostra de conveniência proveniente de três bases de dados (LILACS, PubMed e SciELO), além de excertos de livros sobre o tema, no período de 1995 à 2021. Observou-se que a discussão sobre as Humanidades está mais avançada na área médica, com iniciativas nos currículos de graduação e espaço próprio em alguns periódicos científicos. Na Odontologia, o tema ainda é pouco discutido nas instituições de ensino e na formação continuada dos profissionais. No Brasil, alguns grupos, como o Centro de História e Filosofia das Ciências da Saúde (CeHFi), da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), desenvolvem um trabalho pioneiro com acadêmicos de saúde envolvendo a leitura reflexiva de obras clássicas da literatura. Especificamente na área odontológica, não foram encontrados registros de iniciativas similares. Mais estudos no cenário odontológico são necessários para maior conhecimento do assunto.
Pior qualidade de sono está associada à disfunção temporomandibular e hábitos parafuncionais entre estudantes e profissionais de Odontologia
Authors: Maracci Lucas , Silva Francyéllen Teixeira da , Knorst Jessica Klöckner , Silva Gabriela Bernadon Peixoto , Chami Vitória de Oliveira , Ferrazzo Vilmar Antonio , Liedke Gabriela Salatino , Silva Tatiana Bernardon , Marquezan Mariana
Published: July 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a associação entre a qualidade do sono e a presença de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) e hábitos parafuncionais em estudantes e profissionais de Odontologia durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Cirurgiões-dentistas, docentes e estudantes brasileiros de graduação e pós-graduação em Odontologia responderam a um questionário virtual composto pelos seguintes instrumentos: Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh, Lista de Verificação de Comportamentos Orais, Índice Anamnésico de Fonseca e questões socioeconômicas e demográficas. Os questionários foram disponibilizados online de agosto a novembro de 2020. A associação entre as variáveis preditoras e cada desfecho foi avaliada por meio da regressão de Poisson. A amostra foi composta por 449 participantes, sendo que 259 (59,5%) relataram distúrbios do sono, 352 (78,4%) apresentavam DTM e 311 (69,3%) realizavam hábitos orais parafuncionais. Os distúrbios do sono foram associados à maior prevalência de hábitos orais parafuncionais (RP 1,61; IC 95% 1,36-1,91) e DTM (RP 1,16; IC 95% 1,04-1,29). Além disso, as mulheres apresentaram maior prevalência de DTM em relação aos homens, assim como indivíduos cuja renda era menor. Desta forma, os distúrbios do sono foram associados a hábitos orais parafuncionais e DTM em estudantes e profissionais de Odontologia durante a quarentena da COVID-19.
DETEKSI BAKTERI PATOGEN TERBAWA BENIH KEDELAI DENGAN METODE LIQUID ASSAY
Authors: Qonitah Fauziyah  , Evan Purnama Ramdan  , Amyarsi Mustika Yukti
Published: July 2023

Kedelai merupakan  salah satu komoditas pangan penting, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan produksinya. Diantara  upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi kedelai adalah melalui penggunaan benih bermutu,  tetapi keberadaan patogen tular benih sering menurunkan mutu benih. Patogen terbawa benih kedelai yang jarang dilaporkan antara lain adalah bakteri patogen, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakteri terbawa benih kedelai secara morfologi dan fisiologi dengan metode liquid assay. Benih kedelai yang digunakan pada penelitian  adalah varietas Anjasmoro, Detam 4, dan Dering 1. Sebanyak 1000 butir benih dari masing-masing varietas dicuci dengan NaOCl 1% dan dibilas aquades steril. Masing-masing benih ditambah aquades steril dan dihancurkan menggunakan grinder. Ekstrak benih yang diperoleh diencerkan secara berseri dan dituang pada media Nutrient Agar. Koloni yang tumbuh dikelompokkan berdasarkan warna dan dihitung jumlah koloninya. Setiap koloni bakteri dimurnikan pada media selektif King’s B dan Yeast Dextrose Calcium Agar (YDCA). Karakterisasi fisiologi meliputi uji reaksi gram, uji katalase, uji fluoresen, uji oksidase, uji hidrolisis pati, dan uji aktivitas arginin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa benih kedelai varietas Anjasmoro memiliki jumlah populasi bakteri yang lebih banyak dibandingkan varietas lain. Bakteri yang berhasil diidentifikasi dari ketiga varietas benih adalah Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas glumae, dan Xanthomonas sp.