bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chi-Square Analysis of the Survey of ICT Availability and Competency of Secondary Schools' Guidance and Counseling Officers in Bwari Area Council FCT Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Ihedioha Silas A. , Mankilik Isaac M.
Published: September 2023

The quest for the use of Information and Computer Technology (ICT) by Guidance and Counseling Officers to discharge their duties in Bwari Area Council FCT Abuja, Nigeria, is of importance and has been emphasized. This study investigates the availability and competency of Guidance and Counseling Officers on the use of ICT. It also examines the influence of gender on Guidance and Counseling Officers’ perceived self efficacy. A total of One hundred and fifty (150) questionnaires were distributed out of which to a total of one hundred (100) were retrieved from Guidance and Counseling Officers (50 male and 50 females) in Bwari Area Council of Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria, who were asked to indicate the availability and their level of competence in the use of ICT. The validity of the questionnaire was approved by three experts in the field. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients were 0.91, 0.83, 0.79 and 0.88 for experience of using computers, level of competency in basic computer operations, competency in using computer software and total score respectively. Percentage analysis showed that 72% of the Officers do not have the required experience in the use of computers, computer basic operations and the use of application software. The chi-square analysis indicated no significant difference between male and female Guidance and Counseling Officers’ competence in the use of computers, computer basic operations and the use of application software. It is recommended that the Officers should go extra mile in improving themselves as the professional development training provided by the government has proved inadequate. Guidance and Counseling Officers should be given adequate basic and advanced training on the use of ICT during their school training
Influence of Classroom Management Practices on Students’ Academic Achievement in Public Senior Secondary Schools in Bauchi State
Authors: Danladi Gambo Alhaji , Abdullahi Zuwaira A.
Published: September 2023

The performance of learners in public senior secondary schools in Bauchi State has consistently been low for a long time. There are many factors that may have contributed to the low performance in the State. However, the influence of classroom management practices on the students` academic performance is a matter that has not been given attention. The study sought to assess the influence of the classroom management practices on the learners' academic achievements in public senior secondary schools in Bauchi State. The specific objectives for the study were; to assess the influence of classroom management on students' academic achievement; to find out how instructional supervision affects students' academic achievement. The target population for the study was 11 public senior secondary Schools, 206 principals and teachers. Out of the number 31 principals and teachers were sampled using stratified random sampling. To be ensure the validity of the instruments, both face and content validity was used. A reliability of 0.67 and 0.69 was obtained with the teachers` questionnaire. Data was collected by use of structured questionnaire. Data was grouped, coded, cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the teachers' questionnaire. The study established that classroom management practices had an impact on learner’s academic achievement in teaching methodologies and therefore leading to little impact on the learners' achievement. Instructional supervision done by principals brought a positive impact towards learner’s achievement as this can make sure that teachers were able to complete the class syllabus. Most of the principals did not employ walking in class method during lessons to ascertain whether what was in the schemes was taught in the classes. This study recommends that classroom discipline management practices should be enhanced in order to realize better results, principals should go beyond just the norm
Exploratory Study of Alternative Procedures for Embedded Assessment in Secondary School Geography in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
Authors: Gidado Bello Kumo , Abdulsalam-Nuhu Rashidat
Published: September 2023

The need for school accountability accompanied by demands that teachers must take responsibility for improving students’ performance on standardized test made educators to search for new ways to teach. Assessment is a key process in education and an essential ingredient of accountability. This study explored the effect of embedded assessment on secondary school students’ performance in geography. A set of embedded assessment procedures was developed and used among SS1 students. The objective of this study was to find out whether embedded assessment will be effective in the teaching and learning of geography among SS1 students. The pretest, posttest quasi-experimental research design was used for the study. Two public senior secondary schools were randomly selected from a total of 27 public senior secondary schools in Ilorin-west local government area of Kwara state. Instrument used were practical exercises, tests and quizzes as well as projects assignment were developed and embedded into classroom instructions in geography for experimental group while the regular continuous assessment was used in the control group. Analysis of Covariance was used to test the hypotheses formulated. A significant difference was observed between the performance of geography students exposed to embedded assessment and those exposed to the traditional assessment method. This was because the mean performance of experimental group was 31.06 while the mean performance of control group was 20.33. The implication for this study is that embedded assessment brings about better understanding of the subject content and assessment is done as the instruction takes place.
Public Private Partnership (PPP) and the Growth of Technical Education as Perceived By Instructors and Administrators in Oyo State
Authors: ADETUNJI Johnson Oluwafemi , OBALOLA Joshua Adeleke , OLALEYE Adebayo Adeyemi
Published: September 2023

This study examined the imperative of public private partnership as an impetus to the growth and development of technical education in Oyo state government technical colleges. It considered the role played and expected benefits of being in partnership with relevant bodies for sustainable transformation of the government technical schools. The study adopted a descriptive survey designs while a total of one hundred and twenty (120) respondents constitute the samples for the study. Three research questions guided the study while the instrument of the investigation is a 15 items self made questionnaire tagged perception of instructors and administrators on public private partnership towards growth of technical education (PIAPPPTGTE). Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation. Findings revealed that the respondents absolutely agreed on the need for synergy between public and private agencies towards the advancement of technical schools in Oyo state. A sizeable number of the respondents were also in agreement that more benefits will be achieved where public and private agencies are allowed to partner in the running of technical colleges in the state. The paper concludes by reiterating the advantages of promoting technical education to the local, state and federal government at large.
Business Practice Note No. 4: Resource management
Authors: Toms Colin
Published: September 2023

Colin Toms offers a guide to the efficient management of design office resources in order to deliver projects on time, on budget and to a high standard.
Temporary Works Toolkit. Part 10: Propping and needling
Authors: Filip Ray
Published: September 2023

This article focuses on propping and needling in relation to temporary works for demolitions, refurbishments and close proximity work.
Viewpoint: Human error and social psychology
Authors: Blockley David
Published: September 2023

Institution Past President, Professor David Blockley, responds to a recent article by examining the complex factors that contribute to catastrophic events, including human emotions and social psychology.
Seismic strengthening of the Majestic Centre, a 30-storey office tower in Wellington, New Zealand
Authors: White Joe , McKenzie Hamish
Published: September 2023

The Majestic Centre is an iconic landmark in the centre of Wellington, the capital city of New Zealand. Constructed circa 1991, it is a 30-storey modern office tower and the tallest building in the city. New Zealand sits on the Pacific 'ring of fire' and is a highly active seismic region. The Majestic Centre building was assessed in 2011 using a performance-based approach and found to have a lower seismic performance than expected. Over the past five years, at a cost of NZ$83.5M (£46M), the building has been systematically strengthened, while remaining fully tenanted. The project has spurred new assessment and strengthening techniques and overcome several major logistical challenges to reach a successful completion.
Business Practice Note No. 3: Forming a contract
Authors: Shields David
Published: September 2023

In the third note in this series, David Shields provides a brief guide to the formation of a professional services contract and the obligations this entails.
Comment & reply: Buckling matters – rotational spring supports (a simple method for buckling analysis)
Authors: Beal Alasdair , Robertson Andrew
Published: September 2023

Alasdair Beal challenges some of the assumptions made in an article on buckling analysis of slender columns published in the February 2017 issue.
A Collection of Regional Treatment Features of Chinese Traditional Medicine for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Wei Xiuling , Pan Chunhong , Zhao Shibo , Yan An
Published: September 2023

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the common female gynecological diseases that cause menstrual disorders, amenorrhea and infertility in women of childbearing age, polycystic ovary syndrome or PCOS is a disease that causes menstrual disorders, amenorrhea and infertility due to endocrine metabolic abnormalities. According to epidemiological research data in China, the incidence of PCOS in China is between 5% and 10%. The prevalence of PCOS in China is between 5% and 10%, which seriously affects female reproductive function. The disease is divided into Western medicine and Chinese medicine treatment two methods. However, due to the Western medicine treatment of this disease taking a long time and causing side effects, it is slowly not being used; Chinese medicine treatment of this disease, instead, uses evidence-based treatment and typology treatment. The effect is significant and gradually widely used in clinical. This paper summarizes the research and treatment of this disease in Chinese medicine in recent years and provides a reference value for the subsequent clinical treatment and research of this disease.
Transformation of the Russian Higher Education System
Authors: Jiang Hongkun , Wang Lei , Liu Jing
Published: September 2023

The Russian higher education system has undergone significant transformation over the past century, with major changes occurring in the pre-Soviet, Soviet, and post-Soviet eras. In recent years, the system has been shaped by the introduction of the Bologna Process, changes in the structure of degrees, and the emergence of private universities. State funding and student financial assistance have played a critical role in financing higher education, as has the financing of research. Quality assurance measures have been implemented through accreditation of institutions, quality assessment of programs, and ranking of universities. The internationalization of higher education has been promoted through mobility of students and faculty, internationalization of curricula, and collaboration with international partners. Despite progress, the system faces challenges related to demographic changes, brain drain, and the need to develop a knowledge economy. Understanding these dynamics is important for policymakers, researchers, and students seeking to engage with the Russian higher education system.
The Stability of Southeast Asia as a Reliable Tourist Source for China: An Analytical Study
Authors: Xie Xiaojing
Published: September 2023

Since the initiation of reform and opening-up, China has witnessed remarkable growth in inbound tourism, attributable to its increasing openness to the global community and a burgeoning emphasis on tourism development. Among the notable trends, Southeast Asia has emerged as a dependable and predominant source of tourists for China’s inbound market. This research delves into the factors contributing to Southeast Asia’s status as a stable tourist source for China, examining elements such as geographical location, abundant tourism resources, economic conditions, historical connections, and cultural ties between the regions. By utilizing official data on Southeast Asian tourists visiting China and studying the mutual relationship between the two areas, this paper presents an in-depth analysis. Based on the findings, this study provides pertinent recommendations for sustaining and further developing Southeast Asia’s position in China’s tourism market.
Trends and Characteristics of International Labor Mobility
Authors: Lin Zhihao
Published: September 2023

International labor mobility has become increasingly important in the era of globalization, with multinational corporations at the forefront of promoting this trend. This case study of Google illustrates how companies can promote internal talent mobility, invest in training and development programs, and attract and retain top talent. By embracing international labor mobility, companies can gain access to a wider pool of talent, expand their global reach, and gain insights into local markets and cultures. This paper examines the benefits and challenges of international labor mobility, and provides insights into best practices for companies seeking to develop a global workforce.
Talent, Mind and Wisdom: On the Oriental Context in Matisse’s Architectural Works of Art — France Rose of Vence Chapel as an Example
Authors: Ren Yonggang , Zhang Kang
Published: September 2023

Through the study of Matisse himself to explore the process of the road of art, to understand in the social context of the time, the Eastern high-end art through the loss of cultural relics overseas, greatly influenced a group of modernist masters of art, who through the study of the study of Oriental paintings, porcelains, furniture and other works of art and design, and constantly absorbed and learned from the Oriental mood in their works to express the presentation, so as to influence the influence of their works has been felt for generations to come. A large number of Matisse’s art works have an inevitable potential connection with the spirit of Chinese art, but also as a result of his study and borrowing of traditional Chinese art. Thus, it reminds us that we should create a modern cultural spirit that reflects the significance of the times on the basis of absorbing traditional Chinese culture.
Centre Pompidou: The Reproduction of Parisian History and Culture in a Postmodernist Building
Authors: Zhang Wenyu
Published: September 2023

This essay has explored how Centre Pompidou, as a postmodernist building, recreates the history and culture of Paris in its design and function. Centre Pompidou is more than just a museum, art gallery and community centre, it is also a symbol of a city’s history and culture. By analysing the building’s exterior design, interior spaces and functions, this essay examines how Centre Pompidou blends Parisian tradition with innovation and how it reflects the city’s multicultural and historical heritage through its unique design and functions. In addition, the essay discusses how Centre Pompidou serves as a bridge between past and present, tradition and innovation, providing visitors with a platform for a comprehensive understanding of Parisian history and culture.
Group Belongingness: Investigating the Formation, Maintenance, and Influencing Factors of Social Identity and Group Membership
Authors: He Jun
Published: September 2023

This paper explores the concept of group belongingness and investigates the formation, maintenance, and influencing factors of social identity and group membership. Drawing upon social identity theory, the paper examines the processes involved in the formation of social identity, including social categorization, social identification, and social comparison. It also explores the various factors that influence the formation of social identity, such as personal characteristics, group characteristics, and the social context. Additionally, the paper discusses the importance of maintaining social identity and group membership, as well as the challenges and barriers to this maintenance. Furthermore, it examines the individual, group, and societal factors that influence social identity and group membership. The paper also delves into the different research methods used to investigate social identity and group membership, including quantitative and qualitative approaches. Finally, the implications and applications of understanding group belongingness are discussed, along with future research directions. The findings highlight the significance of fostering group belongingness for individuals and society as a whole.
Improving Team Performance via Digital Technology Adoption
Authors: Hao Yuetong
Published: September 2023

In an era characterized by rapid advancements in digital technology, its integration across various industries to enhance user experiences and streamline operations has become ubiquitous. Notably, athletes are also reaping the benefits of digital technologies that monitor and amplify their performances. This paper delves into the domain of the National Basketball Association (NBA), a trailblazer in leveraging digital tools to refine player skills and team efficacy. Focusing on the Golden State Warriors (GSW), the study scrutinizes their adoption of cutting-edge digital technologies, such as Sports VU, Catapult, and Dashboard, for player development. While GSW’s progressive initiatives have yielded favorable outcomes, the essay advocates for the incorporation of additional tools like 3D Athlete Tracking to glean insightful statistics and ShotTracker to enhance shooting precision. This analysis underscores the potent potential of digital technology in honing athlete capabilities and fostering overall team success.
Evolución histórica de la epistemología y el estudio del dolor: Lugar de la neuromodulación electroacupuntural en las investigaciones del dolor experimental
Authors: Garrido-Suárez Bárbara B.
Published: September 2023

Despite the diffusion of acupuncture and its related techniques in Cuba and the World, its mechanism of action is still controversial, being considered by the most sceptics as placebo or some kind oriental myth, and it only should by related to this subjects as a matter of cultural-historical elements and not to science. The purpose of this revision is to characterize the pain sensation, after a critical analysis of the different philosophical streams related to the human knowledge and its expression in the historical evolution of the algology. On the other hand, to emphasize the importance of electroacupuncture-induced neuro-modulation in the field of experimental pain researches. In this content will be analyzed the concept of Khun paradigm and his ideas about the structure of scientific revolution in the theory of gates control and the explosion of pain researches in the last decades. It will related the introduction to acupuncture and its techniques in pain clinics, with scientific context of the historical moment. In addition, a space will be dedicated to the topic of complementary and alternative medicine on the century of evidence based medicine, given its scientific needs of validation in ours times.
Anti-hyperalgesic effect of Mangifera indica L. extract on the sciatic chronic constriction injury model in rats
Authors: Garrido-Suárez Bárbara B. , Castro Labrada Marian , Merino Nelson , Valdés Odalys , Delgado-Hernández René
Published: September 2023

Context: The aqueous extract of Mangifera indica L. stem bark (MSBE) shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. Aims: To test the MSBE in chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve in rats, a classical model of neuropathic pain. Methods: Given the possibility that some clinical effect of MSBE can appear only after its chronic administration, we designed a long term medication protocol with 500 mg/kg, p.o. or distilled water daily during 8 days from 9 days post-CCI. Pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) was used as reference drug. Sham CCI animals received vehicle. Behavioral tests were carried out before CCI, at 9 and 16 days after injury. A section of sciatic nerve, 5 mm distal to the ligature site was dissected for histopathological studies. A single oral similar dose or vehicle was administered to mononeuropathic rats, 14 days after surgery. Mechano-hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia of the ipsilateral paw were determined using a modification of pin prick method and the unilateral hot plate, respectively before CCI, 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min post-administration. Results: Repeated oral MSBE doses reduced nociceptive score, increased paw withdrawal latency and attenuated CCI-induced Wallerian degeneration-related changes involved in the hyperalgesic state of CCI rats. Likewise, MSBE shows significant mechanical and thermal anti-hyperalgesic effect from 1h after its single administration. Conclusions: The study of MSBE should be focused in neuropathic pain models since this natural product could have a clinical relevance in the treatment of neuropathic pain syndromes.
Estudio morfo-anatómico e identificación genética de Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob
Authors: Manzano Patricia I. , Miranda Migdalia , Gutiérrez Yamilet , Santos Efren , Scull Ramón
Published: September 2023

Context: The specie Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. (Asteraceae) is a South American native wild bush that grows in various provinces of Ecuador and it has been used in traditional medicine for several diseases, highliting its use in treatment of leishmaniasis, a condition of high incidence in the country. Despite its medicinal use, there are few or none botanic, chemical nor biological studies for this species. Aims: In this paper it were comprised the morpho-anatomical characterization of leaves and stems and genetic identification of a DNA fraction of the leaves of V. patens, in order to provide the elements for proper characterization and contribute to the establishment of quality control. Methods: The macromorphological description was made in leaves and stems from the fresh plant. The micromorphological evaluation was performed by paraffin inclusion of the material with cross-section that were clarify in sodium hypochlorite for its posterior safranin and cresil’s blue stained and its glycerinated gel fixation respectively. On obtaining the DNA chloroplast it was followed the internal protocol established by Molecular Biology CIBE´s laboratory. In order to sequence isolated DNA fragments from leaves of V. patens, Macrogen Maryland, USA´S company services were hired. Results: Leaves and stems of the new specie’s micro morphological characteristics were described for the first time and new macro morphological characters were described too from stems particularly. Conclusions: Using molecular and macro-micromorphological assessments is corroborated the identity of the V. patens species growing in Ecuador coast.
Microencapsulation by spray drying of Lannea microcarpa extract: Technological characteristics and antioxidant activity
Authors: Sansone Francesca , Mencherini Teresa , Picerno Patrizia , Esposito Tiziana , Del Gaudio Pasquale , Russo Paola , Pepe Giacomo , Lauro Maria R. , Aquino Rita P.
Published: September 2023

Context: A functional extract from Lannea microcarpa (Lm), possess interesting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the unprocessed dried extract occurs as sticky and low-water-soluble material showing critical properties for industrial applications. The unprocessed dried extract is not always enough stable to preserve its functional properties, also giving practical difficulties for the manufacturing. Aims: This research aimed to produce Lm extract microparticles with enhanced functional stability and technological characteristics by spray-drying. Methods: Lm extract was microencapsulated by spray-drying using a sodium-carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) based matrix. Physicochemical and technological characteristics (determined by UV, HPLC, LLS, SEM, DSC, and in vitro dissolution tests), as well as antioxidant properties (DPPH-test) of the resulting powder (LmC) were examined. Results: The produced spray dried microparticles showed satisfying encapsulation efficiency, good functional stability and enhanced technological properties. The selected carrier and process conditions led to a stable and handling microencapsulated powder form with improved water dissolution rate. Moreover, the matrix was also able to preserve the antioxidant activity of the phenolic compounds-rich extract. Conclusions: The made-up powder resulted in a functional component that can be used with great potential in cosmetics, foods or nutraceutical products.
Special supplement with the abstract book of LATINFARMA 2013
Authors: Garrido Gabino , Valdes-Gonzalez Marisela , Garrido-Valdes Xavier , Delgado-Hernández René
Published: September 2023

Abstracts of LATINFARMA HABANA 2013 (20mo Congreso Latinoamericano de Farmacología y Terapéutica, 5to Congreso Iberoamericano de Farmacología, 5to Congreso Internacional y 11no Congreso Nacional, de la Sociedad Cubana de Farmacología. Palacio de las Convenciones de La Habana, Cuba, October 21 – 25, 2013
Caracterización y actividad antioxidante de aceites de semillas de Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle y Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck ecotipos Pica
Authors: Chou Kam Wai-Houng F.
Published: September 2023

Esta tesis está vinculada con el área de la farmacognosia y el estrés oxidativo. Los conocimientos sobre los aceites presentes en las semillas de diferentes frutos sirvieron de base para que en el Laboratorio de Productos Naturales del Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas de la Universidad Católica del Norte se extrajeran aceites de semillas de Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle (limón de Pica) y Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (naranja dulce de Pica). Para ello, se utilizaron las técnicas de extracción por Soxhlet, ultrasonido directo y ultrasonido indirecto, obteniéndose un mayor rendimiento con el primer método. Además, fue determinado el perfil de ácidos grasos, con composición mayoritaria de ácidos grasos insaturados, como los ácidos linoleico y oleico. También, se determinaron la cantidad de fenoles totales presentes y la actividad antioxidante, obteniendo mejores resultados para los aceites derivados de las semillas de naranja dulce de Pica. La tesis está constituida por 131 páginas y su estructura comprende una introducción, cuatro capítulos, referencias bibliográficas y otras informaciones (anexos).
Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial activities of methanolic stem extracts of Ochna schweinfurthiana F.Hoffm.
Authors: Danmusa Umar Mukhtar , Nasir Idris Abdullahi , Abdullahi Musa I. , Ahmad Auwal Alkasim , Abdulkadir Ibrahim S.
Published: September 2023

Context: Medicinal plants are an enormous source of alternative antimicrobial therapy, particularly in this era of emerging resistance against orthodox antimicrobial agents. Aims: To evaluate the phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of methanolic stem extracts of Ochna schweinfurthiana F.Hoffm. and various fractions (chloroform, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) obtained through liquid-liquid partition. Methods: The basic phytochemistry assay and disc diffusion/broth dilution techniques were used. The microorganisms tested were pure isolates of Methicillin Resistance Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Neisseria gonnorhea, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Corynebacterium ulcerans, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida stellatoidea and Candida krusei. Results: Thin layer chromatography results showed 13 prominent coloured spots from chloroform extract using dichloromethane/methanol 10:1 as the solvent system. The crude extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides and steroids/terpenes. Antimicrobial susceptibilities and zones of inhibition (ZI) findings showed that stem extracts inhibited growth of all microbes at ZI range of 22 – 29 mm except C. ulcerans, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. mirabilis, C. stellatoidea and C. krusei. It was observed that chloroform fraction had the highest antimicrobial activities with minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.25 mg/mL against all susceptible pathogens except P. aeruginosa (2.5 mg/mL). Conclusions: Ochna schweinfurthiana F.Hoffm. stem contains bioactive constituents with potent antimicrobial activities at low MIC, especially in the chloroform soluble fraction. This study validates and encourages the ethnomedicinal use of this plant in treating infections caused by these susceptible microbes
FAPRONATURA 2015
Authors: Garrido Gabino , Valdés Marisela , Garcia Idian , Delgado René
Published: September 2023

Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Pharmacology of Natural Products FAPRONATURA 2015 September 21st-25th, 2015; Cuban Society of Pharmacology. Topes de Collantes, Sancti Spiritus, Cuba.
KURULUŞUNDAN ÇARLIK RUSYA TARAFINDAN İŞGAL EDİLİŞİNE KIRIM HANLIĞI
Authors: ÜNAL Sonay
Published: September 2023

Altın Orda Devleti’nin toprakları üzerinde hâkimiyetinin azalmasıyla 1441-42 yıllarında Hacı Giray tarafından kurulan

Kırım Hanlığı, 1474 yılından itibaren Osmanlı Devleti tarafından himaye edilmeye başlandı. Böylelikle Osmanlı

kuzey sınırlarını özellikle Rus tehdidine karşı güvence altına almış olurken Kırım Hanlığı da dönemin ve bölgenin en

önemli askeri gücünün bir parçası haline geldi. Bu tabiiyet hanlığa her açıdan nüfuz kazandırdı ve hanlık Kuzey Karadeniz

toprakları üzerinde hâkimiyet kurmaya muktedir oldu. Fakat Osmanlı hükümdarlarının devlet çıkarlarını

önceleyerek verdikleri kararlar neticesinde Kırım Hanlığı Rus tehdidi karşısında ağırlığını zamanla yitirdi. Başka

cephelerde genişleme siyaseti süren Osmanlı politikaları nedeniyle her geçen gün büyüyen Rus tehlikesine öncelik

verilemedi. Bu durum ise Ruslara karşı önlem almayı geciktirdiği gibi Kırım Hanlığı’na mensup kuvvetlerin açılan

cephelerde Osmanlı müttefiki olarak yer alması nedeniyle hanlığı iç karışıklıklara karşı oldukça açık ve kırılgan hale

getirdi. Nihayet Osmanlı Devleti ile Ruslar arasında imzalanan Küçük Kaynarca Antlaşması ile önce bağımsızlık verilen

Kırım Hanlığı daha sonra 1783 yılında Ruslar tarafından işgal edildi. Söz konusu bu çalışmada Osmanlı himayesi

altında oldukça güçlenip bölgesinde nüfuz elde eden Kırım Hanlığı’nı çöküşe götüren siyasî süreç ve bu süreçteki

Osmanlı politikalarının etkisi ele alınmıştır. Diğer taraftan Karadeniz’in kuzeyinde varlığını yaklaşık üç yüz elli yıl

sürdüren Kırım Hanlığı’nın devlet yönetimi ve idari yapısı da çalışmaya konu edinilmiştir.
Competencias ciudadanas en estudiantes de básica secundaria en una municipalidad colombiana. Un análisis descriptivo
Authors: Luis Ayala Martha Yanira
Published: September 2023

Las competencias ciudadanas son esenciales para una participación activa en la sociedad, la democracia, el desarrollo de habilidades sociales, prevención de la violencia y el conflicto, toma de decisiones informadas, el cambio social y la mejora de la comunidad. El objetivo del presente artículo es describir las competencias ciudadanas en los estudiantes de grados 6° y 7° de básica secundaria de las instituciones educativas de San Mateo (Boyacá) – Colombia. La metodología se enmarca en la comprensión holística como modelo epistémico y el método investigativo es la holopraxis, desarrollada hasta el estadio descriptivo. La muestra son los 130 estudiantes de grado 6° y 7° de tres instituciones educativas de este municipio, a quienes se les aplicó un Cuestionario de Competencias Ciudadanas validado. Se encontraron niveles deficientes y regulares en las competencias ciudadanas de los estudiantes, tanto a nivel general, como en sus dimensiones cognitiva, procedimental y actitudinal. Las principales debilidades de los estudiantes se reflejan en su incapacidad para analizar situaciones que requieren el respeto a las creencias de otros grupos, comprensión de normas, su falta de habilidad para trabajar en equipo de manera armoniosa y su disposición limitada para proteger la diversidad de identidades y escuchar opiniones en discusiones grupales. Se concluye que existe un desafío en el diseño de programas educativos que efectivamente promuevan el fortalecimiento de los conocimientos, comportamientos y actitudes de los estudiantes en su rol de ciudadanos, y que generen resultados positivos en el ambiente de convivencia en la escuela.
Acerca del cambio de enfoque en las empresas: del beneficio excluyente para los accionistas al beneficio compartido de las partes interesadas
Authors: Rabouin Roberto Rubén
Published: September 2023

Se vive un momento de alta disrupción social, política y económica. La idea de este artículo es plantearse una hipótesis frente a estas transformaciones: ¿Hay una propensión dentro del ámbito empresarial a cambiar un enfoque centrado en beneficios para los stockholders, hacia un enfoque centrado en los stakeholders? Basados en los supuestos de la Teoría Institucional, Selznick (1957), Simon (1957), Parsons (1960), Meyer y Rowan (1977), Scott (1991) y del  neo institucionalismo, desarrollado por DiMaggio y Powell (1983), North (1986), Zucker (1986), se verifica una sucesión de conceptos y movimientos en los últimos 30 años para impulsar la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial (RSE), basada en la Teoría de los Stakeholders, Freeman (1984), Cornell y Shapiro (1987), que inspiraron las teorías instrumentales sobre RSE sostenidas por Hart (1995), Linz (1996) y Prahalad (2002); ideas que apuntalaron las Estrategias de Valor Compartido de Porter y Kramer (2006, 2011), Bockstette y Stamp (2011) y, recientemente, las Empresas “B”, Berns, et. al. (2009), Nidumolu (2009), Hopkins (2010), Grimes, et. al. (2018), indican que sí. En este trabajo, proponemos evaluar si hay un hilo conductor entre estos tres movimientos, si las ideas subyacentes están adecuadamente instaladas en el ámbito empresarial y, fundamentalmente, si hay una propensión o inclinación para cambiar de modelo. Para ello hemos propuesto un instrumento de medición, denominado Propensión al Cambio de Enfoque (PCE), que permita a las propias organizaciones evaluar su grado de madurez para impulsar un cambio radical en sus Modelos de Negocios.
Lean Administration – ein Stufenmodell zur Umsetzung einer schlanken Verwaltung
Authors: Wunderlich Jürgen , Doering Claudia , Schmidtner Markus
Published: September 2023

Während sich Konzepte der schlanken Produktion seit den 1990er-Jahren auch außerhalb Japans durchgesetzt haben, scheinen im Verwaltungsbereich kaum Verschlankungsinitiativen angegangen oder gar umgesetzt zu werden, obwohl der Lean-Gedanke bereits kurz nach den ersten Erfolgen in der Produktion auf indirekte Bereiche übertragen wurde. Jedoch blieb die Umsetzungstiefe deutlich hinter dem Produktionsbereich zurück. Bei anderen Unternehmen und v.a. bei öffentlichen Einrichtungen wird die Administration häufig noch übersehen. Um dies zu ändern, geht dieser Beitrag zunächst auf die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen Produktion und Verwaltung ein, bevor auf Basis der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse ein Stufenmodell für die Umsetzung einer schlanken Verwaltung vorgeschlagen wird. Dieses Modell bietet nicht nur Ansatzpunkte, wie auf jeder Ebene gleichermaßen schnell wie aufwandsarm der Weg in Richtung einer schlanken Verwaltung beschritten werden kann, sondern dient zusätzlich auch als Raster für die gezielte IT-Unterstützung.
Vergelten – Verstehen – Verzeihen? Begriffliche Klärungen des Umgangs mit Unrecht aus philosophischer Sicht
Authors: Boshammer Susanne
Published: September 2023

Der angemessene Umgang mit Fehlverhalten ist für unser Zusammenleben von großer Bedeutung. Die Bereitschaft zu verzeihen spielt in diesem Zusammenhang eine wesentliche Rolle. Dabei macht es einen Unterschied, ob wir einer Person verzeihen, ihr Verhalten entschuldigen, ihr Tun billigen oder ihr Handeln rechtfertigen, und damit sind die Möglichkeiten noch nicht erschöpft. Gezieltes Vergessen, Nachsicht und Verständnis gehören ebenso zum Repertoire wie retributive Reaktionsweisen, etwa das Streben nach Rache, das Bemühen um Vergeltung, die Bestrafung der Schuldigen oder die Forderung nach Wiedergutmachung. Im Umgang mit Unrecht erfüllen auch sie wichtige Funktionen. Der Artikel erläutert die Unterschiede zwischen den verschiedenen Möglichkeiten aus philosophischer Sicht und definiert Vergebung als Entbindung der anderen Person von ihrer moralischen Pflicht, sich für das, was sie uns angetan hat, Vorwürfe zu machen.
Hassrede und NetzDG – „Vertrauenskonzepte im Beschwerde-Management“
Authors: Liesching Marc
Published: September 2023

Regulative Vertrauenskonzepte wie (1.) die rechtliche Privilegierung bestimmter qualifizierter Akteure und ihrer Handlungen oder (2.) eine praxisrelevante Überantwortung von Wertungsentscheidungen durch Elemente der Selbstregulierung sind seit langem Teil der (Medi- en-)Gesetzgebung. Sie können verfassungs- und unionsrechtlichen Vorgaben einer staatsfernen Medienaufsicht ebenso Rechnung tragen wie pragmatischen Erfordernissen aufgrund hoher Komplexität und Anzahl von Regelungssachverhalten, welche behördliche Ressourcen andernfalls zu überfordern drohen. Vertrauensbasierte Normelemente finden sich allerdings in dem seit Oktober 2017 geltenden und mehrfach novellierten Netzwerkdurchsetzungsgesetz kaum. Dabei hätten sowohl das Staatsfernegebot des Art. 30 Abs. 1 S. 2 AVMD-RL als auch die hohe Wertungskomplexität und Vielgestaltigkeit hunderttausendfach beschwerdegegenständlicher Inhalte im Kontext sog. „Hassrede“ auf Sozialen Netzwerken hierzu Anlass geboten. In der Anwendungspraxis des NetzDG ist – möglicherweise auch gerade vor diesem Hintergrund – eine Ausweichbewegung Sozialer Netzwerke zu beobachten, welche vorrangig Prüfungen und Löschungen nach eigenen (eher weit gefassten) Community-Standards vornehmen und dabei – angesichts einschlägiger Sachverhalte im Millionenbereich – zunehmend auf eine automatisierte und proaktive Erkennung durch KI-basierte Algorithmen vertrauen. Löschungen erfolgen u.a. im Bereich Hassrede daher ganz überwiegend noch ehe die entfernten Inhalte überhaupt beschwerdegegenständlich oder gar von Nutzern abgerufen werden. Das NetzDG läuft mithin weitgehend ins Leere.
Medienvertrauen im internationalen Vergleich – Befunde aus Deutschland, Spanien, Schweden und den USA
Authors: Jakobs Ilka , Jackob Nikolaus , Schultz Tanjev , Schemer Christian , Viehmann Christina , Ziegele Marc
Published: September 2023

Mit dem Aufkommen des „Lügenpresse“-Vorwurfs ab dem Jahr 2014 traten Erosionen im Verhältnis der Medien zu ihrem Publikum ein. Die Furcht vor einem weitläufig erodieren- den Vertrauen der Menschen in die Medien weckte auch Sorgen um schädliche Folgen für die demokratische Gesellschaft. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde 2015 die Mainzer Langzeitstudie Medienvertrauen ins Leben gerufen. Sie untersucht in jährlichen, für die deutsche Bevölkerung repräsentativen Befragungswellen die Entwicklung des Medienver- trauens und seiner Korrelate. In diesem Beitrag werden Erkenntnisse aus sechs Jahren Mainzer Langzeitstudie Medienvertrauen vorgestellt. Da auch in vielen anderen Ländern die Medien unter Druck stehen und Schlagworte wie „Fake News“ Konjunktur haben, werden diese Ergebnisse in einen internationalen Kontext gesetzt, indem sie mit Daten zum Medienvertrauen aus drei ausgewählten Ländern verglichen werden: Spanien, Schweden und den USA.
Conformity of the liability mechanisms in the UrhDaG with Art. 17 DSMDirective – The limits of legislative creativity
Authors: Behrendt Benedikt , Kiefer Nicolas
Published: September 2023

Article 17 DSM-Directive is unquestionably one of the most controversial regulations the European Union has enacted in recent years. In German copyright law, the Act on the Copyright Liability of Online Content Sharing Service Providers (UrhDaG) aimed at implementing this provision, which resulted in divergent views among legal scholars. While the initially strong opposition to Art. 17 of the DSM-Directive gradually subsided in society, considerable doubts about the conformity of the UrhDaG and its liability rules arose among legal scholars. This article aims to shed light on these matters and to systematically review the points of contention on the basis of the principles of conformity with the Directive under European law. The focus here is, in particular, on the implementation of such liability rules under the UrhDaG that found their way into German copyright law via the implementation of provisions that are particularly open to interpretation, such as Art. 17(5) DSM-Directive or Art. 17(7) DSM-Directive. Should a provision prove to be incorrectly implemented, suggestions will also be given on the basis of interpretation and further development of the law in conformity with the Directive as to how the provisions concerned could still be saved while preserving their substantive meaning to the greatest possible extent.
Besteuerung von künstlicher Intelligenz und deren Implikationen auf die Besteuerung der Digitalwirtschaft
Authors: Lemm Timo
Published: September 2023

The work deals with "Paying with data" from a VAT perspective. Starting from the (tax) legal classification of artificial intelligence, the effects of the use of artificial intelligence in business models on the existing taxation system are presented and the current political reform proposals are examined. Based on this, an own solution approach for a "fair" taxation of the digital economy within the framework of VAT law is developed. In this context, a separate valuation option is derived, taking into account tax law and economic valuation methods, and reform proposals are put forward for both national and EU VAT law.
Didaktik in Stücken
Authors: Messmer Roland
Published: September 2023

Stories bring up what gets lost in the confusion of teaching. These stories are crucial for professional ac-tion in the classroom.
Didactics in Pieces shows how working on and with stories can create units of meaning so that the uncer-tainty of teaching is used as an occasion for reflection. Didactics in Pieces shows how didactic knowledge can be developed from narrative texts. Didactics in Pieces is therefore mainly concerned with the how and less with the why of didactic teaching. In this sense, Didaktik in Stücken is an inductive teaching of didactics and a toolbox for working with narrative texts.
The Effect of Limb Massage on Arterial Blood Oxygen Saturation and Body Temperature Changes in Patients Undergoing Surgery
Authors: Miri Ali , Roshanzadeh Mostafa , Masoudi Reza , Kheiri Soleiman , Taj Ali , Davoodvand Shirmohammad
Published: September 2023

Background: The use of massage as a safe method to control and manage complications after major surgery is recommended. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the effect of this method on arterial blood oxygen saturation and temperature changes in patients after abdominal and thoracic surgery. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 60 patients undergoing surgery in Shahrekord city in 2019. They were enrolled in the study by convenience sampling and assigned to the intervention and control groups by the blocking method. In the intervention group, a hand and foot massage was performed at 5-minute intervals for 4 sessions on each patient's limb 3 times a day. The control group received routine care. Data were collected by a demographic questionnaire, pulse-oximetry, and thermometer. They were analyzed using SPSS version 16 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests (t-test, paired t-test, and analysis of variance (ANOVA)). Results: The mean arterial blood oxygen saturation in the groups after the intervention did not show a significant difference compared to before (P = 0.95), but its mean was significantly higher in the intervention group after the intervention than before (P < 0.001). The mean temperature in the 2 groups after the intervention did not show a significant difference compared to before (P = 0.38), but the changes in the mean were significant in the massage group after the intervention compared to before (P = 0.019). Conclusions: The hand and foot massage can be used by nurses along with the required medical care to improve arterial blood oxygen saturation and reduce body temperature. Further research in this area is suggested.
The Effect of Adding 1% Glucose to Crystalloid on Maternal Hemodynamics After Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery: A Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Saghravanian Samira , Tabari Masoomeh , Afzalaghaee Monavar , Sheybani Shima
Published: September 2023

Background: We aimed to evaluate the effect of glucose-containing crystalloid infusion before anesthesia induction on hemodynamics and postanesthesia complications. Methods: This double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 60 parturient cases scheduled for elective Cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia who were referred to the teaching hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (Iran). The parturients were randomized into two groups. Both groups received 5 - 7 mL/kg of intravenous bolus serum before spinal anesthesia. The parturients in the glucose-containing normal saline (GcNS) group received 1% glucose solution in normal saline. The normal saline (NS) group received only normal saline. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR), blood glucose concentrations, neonatal Apgar scores, postanesthesia complications, and ephedrine and atropine consumption were evaluated. Results: Sixty patients were recruited (30 in each group), with a mean age of 29.14 ± 6.01 and 29.76 ± 6.15 years in the GcNS and NS groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups in SBP, DBP, or HR after baseline adjustment. The incidence of hypotension was higher in the NS (70.0%) compared to the GcNS group (46.6%), but the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference in Apgar scores. The incidence of nausea, vomiting, pallor, and shivering was higher in the NS group. However, only nausea and vomiting 10 minutes after anesthesia induction were significant. Ephedrine and atropine consumption was higher in the NS group, but not significantly. Conclusions: The present study did not show any clear benefit for adding 1% glucose to normal saline solution preload for hypotension in parturients undergoing Cesarean delivery with spinal anesthesia.