bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pre-HE Mentoring Programmes: Rapid Evidence Review
Authors: Crockford Julian
Published: August 2024

This is a rapid review of a sample of evaluation reports concerning pre-HE (outreach) mentoring programmes for young people. The report identified a number of key practical and implementation issues associated with the impact of mentoring programmes, including the targeting, selection and recruitment of mentees and mentors, the role of mentor training, and how mentoring is understood to deliver its objectives (either as a delivery mechanism for other programme elements, or itself the key mechanism of change). The report goes on to provide an overview of the evaluation approaches adopted across the case studies and identifies a series of evaluation challenges, many of which are likely to be common to the evaluation of other pre-HE outreach activities. The report concludes with a summary of 9 case studies, comparing mentoring programme design and implementation, intended outcomes and evaluation approach. Although primarily written for an audience considering developing or delivering a mentoring programme in this space, we hope that elements of this report, including a discussion of evaluation challenges, may have wider relevance.
Theory of Change Narrative: Young Carer Sustained Programme for Students and Train the Trainer Programme for Supporters and Influencers
Authors: Self Kelly
Published: August 2024

Higher Education Progression Partnership (Hepp) is a jointly funded initiative by Sheffield Hallam University and the University of Sheffield that provides impartial advice and guidance across South Yorkshire and North East Derbyshire. Hepp aims to encourage more children, young people and adults that have experienced personal, systemic, or cultural barriers to accessing higher education to consider it as a viable option. Hepp has identified target groups for activity based on their new strategic approach, which includes young carer students. Hepp is perfectly positioned as an impartial provider of advice and guidance to support the access of young carer students. Hepp has existing relationships with young carer organisations, charities and contacts within schools to enable Hepp to connect with students from this underrepresented group. This report provides a narrative and a Theory of Change model for a sustained programme (students) and a Train the Trainer activity (supporters/influencers) which aims to increase awareness and knowledge about higher education. An extensive literature review was undertaken to identify barriers that young carer students may encounter when accessing higher education. The outcomes of both interventions are articulated as short, medium and long-term outcomes. Within the Train the Trainer activity, there are three main activities that stakeholders will be able to engage with: video programme; parent and carer sessions; and stakeholder engagement. The sustained programme for students will involve a launch event, a sustained programme (for year 8 to year 10 students), a celebration event (for year 11 students) and a newsletter.
How Should We Address Medical Conspiracy Theories? An Assessment of Strategies
Authors: Andrade Gabriel , Lugo-Ocando Jairo
Published: August 2024

Although medical conspiracy theories have existed for at least two centuries, they have become more popular and persistent in recent times. This has become a pressing problem for medical practice, as such irrational beliefs may be an obstacle to important medical procedures, such as vaccination. While there is scholarly agreement that the problem of medical conspiracy theories needs to be addressed, there is no consensus on what is the best approach. In this article, we assess some strategies. Although there are risks involved, it is important to engage with medical conspiracy theories and rebut them. However, the proposal to do so as part of “cognitive infiltration” is too risky. Media outlets have a major role to play in the rebuttal of medical conspiracy theories, but it is important for journalists not to politicize this task. Two additional long-term strategies are also necessary: stimulation of critical thinking in education, and empowerment of traditionally marginalized groups.
Prendre soin en temps de crise : une opportunité pour refonder les liens. Réflexion à
deux voix
Authors: Guillaume Geneviève , Bert Catherine
Published: August 2024

La pandémie causée par la Covid-19 a constitué un contexte de crise sans précédent.
Dans le monde soignant, elle a notamment accentué les limites d’une logique privilégiant les
décisions appuyées sur une visée gestionnaire et comptable. Elle a également visibilisé les
difficultés auxquelles sont confrontés les soignants lorsqu’ils recourent à la logique du
prendre soin (care). Considérant la crise comme une opportunité d’ouvrir de
nouveaux possibles, la présente analyse éthique croise la voix d’une médecin et d’une
philosophe pour proposer des pistes de réflexion prospectives. Ces réflexions visent à
penser l’articulation, dans le quotidien du soignant, d’une éthique de la décision avec une
éthique de la relation. Ces deux perspectives éthiques, loin d’être antagonistes, présentent
une complémentarité enrichissante tant pour le soignant que pour le soigné. Ces réflexions
invitent à envisager l’acte de soin comme une relation à soi, à l’autre et au
collectif.
Utilisations secondaires des données de santé : impacts de la transparence
Authors: Bilodeau Emmanuel , Cumyn Annabelle , Ménard Jean Frédéric , Barton Adrien , Dault Roxanne , Ethier Jean-François
Published: August 2024

La notion de transparence ressort régulièrement des discussions autour des
utilisations secondaires des données de santé. Peu d’études se penchent toutefois sur les
impacts de la présence ou de l’absence de transparence ou de son absence sur les membres du
public. Cette revue de littérature répond à cette lacune. Elle résulte d’une analyse
secondaire de 124 textes issus d’une recension de la portée sur la transparence conformément
aux lignes directrices PRISMAS-ScR. Les résultats contribuent à identifier les impacts
négatifs ou positifs et à les associer à certaines composantes communicationnelles relatives
aux utilisations secondaires de données de santé. Ils permettent également d’identifier les
composantes associées à une communication jugée transparente ou opaque par les parties
prenantes. La transparence, et plus particulièrement la continuité de la communication, est
fortement associée à une augmentation de la confiance et de l’acceptabilité sociale alors
qu’en général, les membres du public perçoivent négativement un manque de transparence.
Cette revue de littérature approfondit également les connaissances sur les risques d’impacts
négatifs de la communication transparente.
La recherche collaborative en ethnologie : est-elle toujours possible, et éthique ?
Authors: Bousquet Marie-Pierre
Published: August 2024

Il existe aujourd’hui une importante quantité de lignes directrices à suivre si l’on veut faire de la recherche éthique en contexte autochtone. Dans la pratique, même avec la meilleure volonté, il est difficile de démêler ce à quoi il faut se conformer et ce qui est vraiment éthique. La voie prônée informellement dans le milieu des études autochtones est la recherche collaborative, mais est-elle toujours possible?
“Not Until the Baby Arrives”: When Delusional Pregnancy Impacts the Management of Uterine Cancer
Authors: Norys Marnina , Szego Michael , Shore Eliane , Maggi Julie
Published: August 2024

A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman (FB) was diagnosed with Grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma but was refusing a hysterectomy. The patient understood she had cancer and understood treatment was required to treat the condition. However, due to a well-entrenched delusion of pregnancy associated with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, FB believed the surgery recommended by her gynecologist would harm the fetus she believed to be developing inside her womb. FB was deemed incapable of consenting to surgery due to her pregnancy delusion, which meant that the procedure could be performed with consent from a substitute decision maker (SDM). In this paper, we describe our team’s approach to the presenting moral dilemma consisting of a choice between forcing surgery on an unwilling patient or allowing her to die of a treatable illness.
“We Don’t Want to Talk About It”: Building Trust for Difficult Decisions
Authors: Dezort Steven , Palmer Amitabha , Nortjé Nico
Published: August 2024

Clinical ethicists must be attuned to nonverbal cues and the deeper issues they raise and, if needed, be willing and agile to change course from discussing goals of care to establishing trust. We present a case study where a family and care team disagree about whether a lack of a do-not-resuscitate and do-not-intubate (DNR/DNI) order for a patient with a terminal prognosis is leading to medically justifiable and ethically defensible decisions. An ethicist called a family meeting to discuss the order but determined, after reading the family’s nonverbal cures, that establishing trust was first needed in order to have that discussion, and that such trust could be built by not discussing the order.
Regard éthique et critique sur la seconde édition du Sommet de la santé durable
Authors: Lafond Valérie , Lévesque Marie-Hélène , Drolet Marie-Josée
Published: August 2024

Les 30 et 31 janvier 2024, la seconde édition du Sommet de la santé durable,
organisée par l’Association pour la santé publique du Québec, a eu lieu, et ce,
simultanément à Québec et à Montréal. Ce texte vise à décrire cet évènement et à porter un
regard éthique sur celui-ci afin de souligner des forces de ce Sommet, de même que des
points à prendre en compte en vue d’une éventuelle troisième édition.
How ‘Ought’ the Best Interests of Children be Considered in Medical Decision-making?
Authors: Ritchie Zoe , Forte Micaela , Smith Maxwell J. , Shelley Jacob
Published: August 2024

This summary reports on the design and proceedings of a collaborative case-based workshop and panel on how we ‘ought’ to consider the best interests of children in medical decision-making, presented virtually at the Canadian Bioethics Society - Société Canadienne de Bioéthique Workshop and Community Forum in May of 2023.
Pilietinio mentaliteto dinamika lietuvių diasporoje: tarp veiklumo ir emocionalumo
Authors: Genys Dainius , Janauskas Giedrius
Published: August 2024

Straipsnyje siekiama susieti pilietinio dalyvavimo formas ir platesnes politines nuostatas su migrantų klasteriais, suformuotais remiantis socialinėmis ir ekonominėmis savybėmis, tipologizuoti pilietinio mentaliteto požymius (būdingus kiekvienam klasteriui) ir jų skirtumus. Straipsnyje pristatomos ir aptariamos pilietinio mentaliteto dimensijos, atsižvelgiant į skaudžiausius ir problemiškus sovietinio palikimo aspektus. Tyrimas grindžiamas lietuvių, emigravusių į įvairias Europos šalis, kiekybine apklausa, remiantis socioekonominio statuso samprata buvo atliekama klasterinė analizė ir gauti trys klasteriai, kurie naudojami tolesnėje analizėje. Rezultatai parodė, kad klasterių atstovų pilietinis mentalitetas, nagrinėjant subjektyvias patirtis, skiriasi ir priklauso nuo jų pilietinių nuostatų. Viena vertus, nepasitikėjimas vieni kitais ir institucijomis neskatina asmeninio dalyvavimo, kita vertus, savos atsakomybės nesuvokimas ir (ar) ignoravimas perkelia atsakomybę už viešojo gėrio kūrimą ant valdžios pečių ir taip formuoja emocionalias reakcijas į savos valstybės veiksmus.
Constructing micro/nano-photonics barcodes based on micro-region upconversion emission spectrum of single core-shell microcrystal
Authors: Gao Wei , Zhang Zheng-Yu , Zhang Jing-Lei , Ding Peng , Han Qing-Yan , Zhang Cheng-Yun , Yan Xue-Wen , Dong Jun ,   School of Electronic Engineering, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi’an 710121, China
Published: August 2024

The construction of core-shell structures with different structural properties based on the epitaxial growth technique has become an effective technique for regulating the luminescence properties of micro/nanocrystals. In order to obtain richer spectral information, NaYF4:50%Yb3+/2%Tm3+@NaYF4@NaYF4:20%Yb3+/2%Er3+@NaYF4@NaYbF4:2%Er3+ multilayered core-shell microcrystals are prepared by using multiple epitaxial growth through introducing surface modifiers and controlling their reaction conditions. The XRD and SEM results clearly show that the core-shell microcrystals possess a pure hexagonal crystal structure in the form of a disk. The microdesk has a thickness of about 2.32 μm and a diameter of about 28.31 μm. The upconversion luminescence characteristics of different single microcrystal structures are investigated by a confocal microspectroscopy system. In order to realize the selective excitation and emission of a single microcrystal, the spatial distribution of luminescent ions can be controlled through introducing an intermediate isolation layer. Under 980 nm laser excitation, different excitation sites of the single microdisk exhibit different upconversion emission characteristics. The significant blue (450 and 475 nm), red (648 nm) and green (524 and 540 nm) emissions are observed, which mainly originat from Tm3+ and Er3+ radiative transitions. Meanwhile, the red and blue upconversion emission intensities of the microcrystals are improved by using various shell layers. In addition, the luminescence and energy-transfer features of single microcrystals are explored by changing the excitation position. The experimental results demonstrate that the incorporation of NaYF4 inert shells between luminescent layers can regulate luminescence and prevent ions from interacting. By utilizing the spectral fingerprint data of dopant ions in various shell layers, we create customizable micro-nano photonic barcodes and employ them for optical anti-counterfeiting detection. This study explores the use of constructed core-shell structures with luminescent tunable micron core-shell structures to acquire diverse spectral information and maintain stability through their structural properties. Thus, this core-shell structure provides a novel method for using upconversion luminescent microcrystals into micro- and nanophotonics to achieve anti-counterfeiting and display purposes.
Biological factors associated with long COVID and comparative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants: a retrospective study in Thailand
Authors: Kiatratdasakul Supanchita , Noisumdaeng Pirom , Niyomdecha Nattamon
Published: August 2024

Background

Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID) refers to the persistence of COVID-19 symptoms or exceptional symptoms following recovery. Even without conferring fatality, it represents a significant global public health burden. Despite many reports on long COVID, the prevalence and data on associated biological factors remain unclear and limited. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of long COVID during the two distinct epidemic periods in Thailand, due to the Delta and Omicron variants of SARS-CoV-2, and to investigate the biological factors associated with long COVID. In addition, the spike protein amino acid sequences of the Delta and Omicron variants were compared to determine the frequency of mutations and their potential biological implications.

Methods

A retrospective cross-sectional study was established to recruit confirmed COVID-19 participants at Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital who had recovered for at least three months and were infected between June 2021 and August 2022. The demographic data and long COVID experience were collected via telephone interview. The biological factors were analyzed through binary logistic regression. The datasets of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein amino acid sequence of the Delta and Omicron variants in Thailand were retrieved from GIDSAID to determine mutation frequencies and to identify possible roles of the mutations based on published data.

Results

Data was collected from a total of 247 participants comprising 106 and 141 participants of the Delta and Omicron epidemic periods, respectively. Apart from the COVID-19 severity and health status, the baseline participant data of the two time periods were remarkably similar. The prevalence of long COVID observed in the Omicron period was higher than in the Delta period (74.5% vs. 66.0%). The biological factors associated with long COVID were epidemic variant, age, treatment with symptomatic medicines, and vaccination status. When the spike protein sequence data of the two variants were compared, it was observed that the Omicron variant exhibited a greater quantity of amino acid changes in its receptor-binding domain (RBD) and receptor-binding motif (RBM). The critical changes of the Omicron variant within these regions had a significant function in enhancing virus transmissibility and host immune response resistance.

Conclusion

This study revealed informative data associated with long COVID in Thailand. More attention should be given to long COVID caused by unique virus variants and other biological factors to prepare a healthcare management strategy for COVID-19 patients after recovery.
La construcción de las decisiones curriculares: ¿Cómo influye la experiencia de los docentes nóveles en la enseñanza del curriculum?
Authors:   , López Ávila Sofía
Published: August 2024

La palabra experiencia viene del latín experientia que significa intento. Este concepto resultaría clave al momento de construir saberes. Si se observa la cantidad de intentos, experiencias, que se reúnen para construir un saber se evidencia que el proceso es repetitivo y permanente. No se deja de intentar.En ese sentido, el de incorporar la relevancia de las experiencias en la construcción de saberes, es que esta investigación, de carácter fenomenológico, tiene por fin visualizar cómo afectan las experiencias de vida en la formación de las decisiones curriculares de docentes nóveles, en contexto escolar básico y medio, de la región del Maule. Dicho trabajo se realizó mediante entrevistas en profundidad, semiestructuradas, que posteriormente fueron sometidas a análisis temático.Dentro de los principales hallazgos es posible determinar que las experiencias de vida definen no solamente las decisiones curriculares, sino que el constructo docente y las definiciones que acompañan a los docentes nóveles en su desarrollo. Este espacio experiencial, que comienza temporalmente anterior al del ejercicio en aula, de cierto modo biográfico, pone a prueba de forma constante las decisiones y creencias de los docentes nóveles, quienes se encuentran un proceso de crecimiento constante a raíz de lo que viven y de lo que intentan.
Life Skills Assessment: The Context of Grade 12 Students in a Philippine Catholic School
Authors: Fernando Daniel S. , Bual Joel M.
Published: August 2024

Aims: This study assessed the life skills level of Grade 12 students in a Catholic school in Central Philippines during 2023–2024 in terms of self-awareness, empathy, effective communication, interpersonal relations, creative thinking, critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, coping with emotions, and coping with stress when they were taken as a whole and also grouped according to biological sex, academic strand, family structure, and family monthly income.  Likewise, demographics were correlated with their life skills level. 
Study Design:  Quantitative research design, particularly the descriptive-correlational approach.
Place and Duration of Study: Catholic school in Central Philippines during 2023–2024. 
Methodology: The respondents were 210 Grade 12 students. In assessing the study, the 100-item standardized life skills assessment questionnaire by Subasree et al. [1] was employed. It was validated and yielded 89% concurrence using face and content validity.  The fitness of the items to the Filipino context was checked by Pahilanga et al. [11], yielding a reliable Cronbach’s alpha score of 0.92. This was responded to using the scale from very high to very low. In data analysis, descriptive and correlational analyses were utilized.  The descriptive analysis was employed to determine the students' level of life skills using mean and standard deviation.  Meanwhile, the correlational analysis correlated the demographics and their life skills. 
Results: Generally, their life skills level (M=3.29, SD=0.22) was rated average. Meanwhile, the areas that need improvement are coping with stress (M=2.44, SD=0.50) with a low-level rating and average levels for coping with emotions (M=2.88, SD=0.44), effective communication (M=3.21, SD=0.40), interpersonal relationships (M=3.11, SD=0.43), and decision making (M=3.38, SD=0.35).  In the demographics, their sex, strand, family structure, and family income were rated average. The Point biserial correlation shows no relationship between the students’ life skills and the following variables: biological sex [r(275)=-0.075, p=0.277], family structure [r(275)=0.041, p=0.550], and family income [r(275)=0.093, p=0.178]. Hence, the null hypotheses are accepted.  Meanwhile, the eta correlation showed no relationship between their life skills and their strands [η=0.080, p=0.723].  Hence, the null hypothesis is accepted.
Conclusion: Given the findings of the study, continuous improvement of the student's life skills acquisition is necessary. Deepening life skills development in the Catholic school's curriculum and instruction is recommended. Incorporating it into curricular and non-curricular programs and activities may also help. Additionally, their exposure to various tasks and responsibilities that establish their sense of independence is also vital to help them develop these skills and apply what they have learned in real-life situations.
The Impact of an Intervention Program Based on Range of Motion Training for Special Education Teachers
Authors: Nur Muhammad , Arismunandar  , Mustafa
Published: August 2024

This study aims to develop a range of motion-based exercise material for special education teachers in Makassar, Indonesia. The material is designed to improve the motor skills of students with physical disabilities, particularly those with cerebral palsy. The research consists of two main parts: conclusion and recommendation. The conclusion highlights the importance of developing exercise materials that cater to the needs of students with physical disabilities. The study finds that the existing materials are inadequate, and teachers require a more comprehensive guide to provide optimal learning experiences for their students. The developed material consists of a teacher's guide, a learning objective outline, and a lesson plan. The material is validated by two experts and is deemed valid and practical. The study also analyzes the effectiveness of the developed material in improving the motor skills of students with cerebral palsy. The results show that the material can increase the flexibility of students' movements, although the improvement is not significant. The students' positive responses to the learning process also indicate the effectiveness of the material.
Based on the findings, the study recommends further development of the material to improve its comprehensiveness and effectiveness. The study also suggests that the material can be used as a reference for improving the quality of special education in Indonesia. Additionally, the study recommends that the government consider using the developed material in special education schools to provide better learning experiences for students with physical disabilities.
Phytochemical Testing Methodologies and Principles for Preliminary Screening/ Qualitative Testing
Authors: Maheshwaran Luvedika , Nadarajah Ladhurshika , Senadeera S. P. N. N. , Ranaweera C. B. , Chandana A. K. , Pathirana R. N.
Published: August 2024

Plants are basically biosynthetic factories that contain various pathways that produce phytochemicals with the help of different parts of the cell while specialized cells or tissues hoard and use them as needed. Human population has used this to their advantage for centuries.
Aims: This review article aims to provide a comprehensive guide to qualitative phytochemical tests, focusing on their principles, procedures, and interpretation of results.
Scope of Review:  This review covers qualitative tests for major phytochemical groups, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenols.
Methodology: Various qualitative tests are compiled and described, detailing the chemical principles underpinning each test and the expected outcomes for the identification of phytochemicals.
Summary of Findings: Qualitative phytochemical tests are highlighted for their simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and accessibility, making them valuable tools, particularly in resource-limited settings. These tests provide baseline information on phytochemical profiles and serve as initial screening tools that can lead to more detailed studies.
Conclusion: While advanced analytical techniques exist, qualitative methods remain essential for initial phytochemical screening due to their practical advantages. This review emphasizes the importance of these classical techniques in both research and practical applications.
A Review of Barleria prionitis L. a Rarely Known Plant with Potential of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Assets
Authors: Khandre Vaishnavi V. , Bansod Pallavi L. , Kajale Fulchand V. , Ghiware N. B. , Roge A. B.
Published: August 2024

Barleria Prionitis Linn., commonly referred to as "Vajradanti," is a thorny shrub native to Southern Asia and certain African regions. This herb has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems, particularly Ayurveda, where it has been employed to address a wide array of health concerns including respiratory ailments, fever, liver disorders, and dermatological issues. A comprehensive review of scientific literature underscores the plant's rich phytochemical composition. It is a veritable treasure trove of bioactive compounds, such as tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, phenols, and specific compounds like β-sitosterol, lupeol, syringic acid, and vanillic acid. This chemical diversity is believed to underpin the herb's broad spectrum of pharmacological activities. Research has unveiled the potential of Barleria Prionitis in addressing a variety of health challenges. Studies have demonstrated its antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. Furthermore, the herb has shown promise in managing metabolic disorders like diabetes, as well as gastrointestinal issues. Its analgesic and antiarthritic effects have also garnered attention. Despite the compelling evidence supporting the therapeutic efficacy of Barleria Prionitis, its full potential remains largely untapped. Further research is imperative to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action, optimize extraction processes, and develop standardized formulations. Moreover, clinical trials are necessary to validate the traditional claims and establish the herb's safety and efficacy in modern healthcare. By unlocking the secrets of Barleria Prionitis, researchers and healthcare providers can potentially develop innovative and sustainable therapeutic solutions for a range of diseases.
Utilization of the Lentera DESA Website in Blended Learning-Based Soil Fertility and Health Management Training in Yogyakarta
Authors: Rochim Rani Nur , Raya Alia Bihrajihant , Wastutiningsih Sri Peni , Subejo
Published: August 2024

Knowledge of soil fertility and soil health management is essential, especially in Yogyakarta, where the soil fertility and health of rice fields are low. This study employed an experimental research design involving 715 farmers, with data collected in August 2022 and June 2023. The research explored the effectiveness of a blended learning training scheme, especially in the use of The Lentera DESA website. The primary objectives were to identify factors that are related to the use of the Lentera DESA website and to examine the correlation between the duration of watching training videos and farmers’ knowledge. Factor analysis was carried out using multiple linear and mediated regression analyses. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to examine whether there is a relationship between video viewing duration and increased knowledge. As a result, four factors directly relate to the use of the Lentera DESA website, namely re-login activity (P = 0.001), farmer age (P = 0.047), presence of info-session (P = 0.054), and smartphone ownership (P = 0.023). Mediated regression analysis revealed that re-login activity plays an essential role in increasing the utilization of the Lentera DESA website through both partial mediation and complete mediation. However, using the Lentera DESA website as an online training medium showed no significant correlation with increasing farmers knowledge of soil fertility and soil health management.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as a Biocontrol Agent for Angular Leaf Spot Disease of Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Authors: Nkenmegne Severin , Adamou Souleymanou , Ngatsi Patrice Zemko , Gbaporo Christian Fabrice Gbaporo , Ambang Zachée
Published: August 2024

Angular leaf spot disease caused by Phaeoisariopsis griseola is the most important disease which caused yield losses up to 80% of common beans. This study aims to induce natural defense of common bean against angular leaf spot disease by mycorrhization. The samples of Phaeoisariopsis griseola were collected in the field of 02 different agro-ecological zones considered as major bean production area in Cameroon. The Phaeoisariopsis griseola were isolated on PDA solid medium, and identified based on morphological. A pot experiment was carried out using a bifactorial device. The first factor was two varieties of common bean (GLP 195-C and PNG). The second factor consisted of eight treatments, namely T0 : absolute control, T1 : mycorrhizal treatment with Acaulospora tuberculata, T2 : mycorrhizal treatment with Gigaspora gigantea, T3 : mycorrhizal treatment with Entrophospora infrequens, T4: Terazeb synthetic fungicide treatment (positive control), T5 : mycorrhizal treatment with Acaulospora tuberculata and Gigaspora gigantea combination, T6 : mycorrhizal treatment with Acaulospora tuberculata and Entrophospora infrequens combination, T7 : mycorrhizal treatment with combination of Gigaspora gigantea and Entrophospora infrequens. Incidence, severity of angular leaf spot disease and biochemical parameters were assessed. The results showed that pots treated with the mycorrhizae Entrophospora infrequens, Gigaspora gigantea, Acaulospora tuberculata and combinations of mycorrhizae Acaulospora tuberculata and Gigaspora gigantea, Acaulospora tuberculata and Entrophospora infrequens, Gigaspora gigantea and Entrophospora infrequens contributed significantly to improved amino acid content from 44% to 70%, proline content from 20% to 33%, total phenol content from 36% to 60%, protein content from 16% to 41%, flavonoid content from 27% to 82%, tannin content from 60% to 298%, polyphenoloxidase content from 15% to 74% and peroxidase content from 31% to 109% compared with the control in the two common bean varieties. Similarly, the mycorrhizae treatments and the mycorrhizae combination significantly reduced the development of angular leaf spot disease by 20 to 80% compared with the control in both common bean varieties. This work shows that Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi made a significant contribution to reducing the development of angular leaf spot disease in the pots while improving common bean grain yield.
Effect of Water Conservation Technologies on Growth and Yield of Pearl Millet with Green Gram Intercrop in Semi-Arid Kenya
Authors: Stephen Karanja K. , Juliana Cheboi J. , Josiah Kinama M.
Published: August 2024

Water conservation technologies are among the climate smart agriculture practices geared towards increasing crop production in arid and semi-arid areas. Several technologies have been experimented with crops such as maize, sorghum, however, there is limited information on integrating water conservation technologies with pearl millet and green gram in an intercropping system. A field study was conducted during the 2022/2023 short rains in Kambi Mawe and Katumani. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement replicated three times. The main plots were water conservation technologies (ngolo pits, contour furrows) and Conventional tillage. The split plots comprised of sole pearl millet varieties, sole green gram varieties ad their intercrops. Data was collected on the number of primary branches, nodules, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, plant height, leaf area index, grain weight and harvest index. The land equivalent ratio was also calculated. Mean separation was calculated using Tukey HSD at 5 % probability level. Results showed that water conservation technologies and cropping systems had a significant effect on the growth parameters, yield and yield component of both pearl millet and green grams. Ngolo pits recorded significantly higher yields compared to contour furrows ad conventional tillage. Intercropping pearl millet with green grams recorded significantly higher yields compared to sole cropping.
Estimation of Combining Abilities for Yield and its Components in Soybean
Authors: Sharma Arjun , Tiwari Raghvendra , Panwar Nitesh Kumar
Published: August 2024

Combining ability is mostly used by breeders to select appropriate parental cultivars to produce the larger progeny of new combinations through their hybridization. The objectives of this research were to estimate the general combining ability of parents and specific combining abilities of F1 hybrids, to identify suitable parents and hybrids for yield and its contributing traits. In this study, materials comprising 8 F1s derived by crossing 2 lines with 4 testers following the Line x Tester mating design. The F1s and the parental genotypes were grown at the ‘Research Farm’ of the Tagore University's, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding during the autumn 2021 using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The popular soybean variety JS 335 was found as the best overall performer (good general combiner) for most traits, while the cross-combination JS 93-05 X RVS 2001-4 showed particular promise for specific traits.  The cross RVS-24 X JS 95-60 showed desirable traits like high plant height, pod number, and yield, making it a potential candidate for breeding higher-yielding and biomass-rich varieties. Additionally, crosses RVS-24 X JS 95-60, RVS-24 X JS 335, JS 93-05 X RVS 2001-4, and RVS-24 X JS 97-52 exhibited high heterotic responses for seed yield, making them valuable for developing high-yielding lines. The cross JS 93-05 X RVS 2001-4 showed the best potential for genetic improvement in the pod number/plant, seed number per pod, yield/plant, and the harvest index, making it a valuable resource for isolating high-yielding genotypes.
Butterfly Diversity of Navsari Agricultural University (NAU), Navsari, Gujarat, India
Authors: Malek Soufil , Patel Minal , Desai Bimal
Published: August 2024

Aims: The first systematic attempt to assess and document the butterfly richness on the lush green campus of Navsari Agricultural University (NAU) campus.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Navsari Agricultural University (NAU) and was performed from September 2020 to December 2022.
Methodology: The opportunistic surveys were conducted on a monthly basis in the different pre-determined existing paths on the campus. Butterflies were sited, identified, and photographed during the surveys. The Identification of the species was carried out using field books and later confirmed by photographs taken during each survey referencing different available literature and online databases. The species identified were listed and classified into respective families.
Results: A total of 83 butterfly species belonging to 5 families were recorded at Navsari Agricultural University (NAU), Navsari, Gujarat between September 2020 to December 2022. 13 butterfly species recorded are protected under scheduled categories of Wildlife protection act, 1972, while 4 species listed under the IUCN red list viz. Euploea core under the Least concerned category, Hypolimnas misippus under the Least concerned category, Junonia almana under the Least concerned category, and Castalius rosimon under the vulnerable category were recorded. The Navsari Agricultural University campus hosts a wide variety of plant species, providing essential food and egg-laying sites for butterflies, which in turn plays a crucial role in determining the diversity and abundance of butterfly species found in the area.
Conclusion: From this study, it is evident that Navsari Agricultural University (NAU), Navsari, Gujarat has a diverse butterfly fauna.
Effect of Customized Fertilizer Application on Physiological Aspects of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Authors: Ambhore Arti Manohar , Jadhav Vaibhav Baburao , Lipane Rajendra Ramesh , Katiyar Pratibha , Banjara G. P. , Khokhar Dharmendra , Saxena R. R.
Published: August 2024

It is predicted that India will required around 32 million tons of pulses to feed around 1.68 billion people by 2030. Therefore, improved technologies must be needed to increasing production. And increase in physiological efficiency of crop is important to improve the productivity and production of crop. Hence, the experiment entitled "Effect of customized fertilizer application on physiological aspects of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)" was carried out at Department of Plant Physiology, AB & MAP, College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) during rabi 2020-21. The experiment consists of five treatments with replicated four times in RBDS design and Indira chana 1 variety of chickpea used as a test crop. The study highlighted that that the T5 CFG 3 (NPKSZnMo 5.5:4.6:4.5:8.3:1.4:0.034 %) based on recommendation (125%) was found effective to minimize the phenophase like 50% flowering, physiological maturity significantly. Higher chlorophyll value was observed in T5 CFG 3 (NPKSZnMo 5.5:4.6:4.5:8.3:1.4:0.034 %) based on recommendation (125%) and Maximum Fv/Fm (chlorophyll florescence) was observed in T4 CFG 2 (NPKSZnMo 5.5:4.6:4.5:8.3:1.4:0.034%) based on recommendation (75%). T3 CFG 1 (NPKSZn Mo5.5: 4.6:4.5:8.3:1.4:0.034%) based on recommendation (100%) was also observed effectively increased dry matter partitioning towards the economic sink and maximize Crop growth rate, Relative growth rate, economic (seed) yield, biological yield and harvesting index. Thus, it is proved that in comparison with the recommended doses of fertilizers application of CFGA has enhanced the plant yield.
Estimation of Standard Heterosis Over Environments for Fruit Yield and Its Attributes in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: Patel G.M. , Patel A.I. , Intwala C. G. , Patel Harshita R. , Patel Ashita , Prajapati M.R. , Patel D. P. , Patel V. B. , Shrivastava A. , Mali S. C.
Published: August 2024

Heterosis breeding has shown to be a promising technique for enhancing crop yields. It allows for the early identification of superior or potential crosses, which is essential for managing the material efficiently and productively in subsequent generations. An experiment was conducted to evaluate 40 genotypes in three different environments. The experimental material consisted of forty genotypes; representing 28 hybrids developed in line x tester mating of 7 lines and 4 testers and check ‘Arka Rakshak’. Significant and high estimates of standard heterosis were observed for fruit yield per plant in all locations by seven hybrids. These crosses can be utilized for commercial cultivation and may also be developed further, as they are likely to produce superior transgressive segregants.
Emerging Markers and Technologies in Urine Sample Validity for Drug Detection: A Brief Review of Detection Methods and Applications
Authors: Koujan Ammar Adel
Published: August 2024

Urine sample validity testing is critical in medical diagnostics, forensic investigations, and workplace drug screening to ensure accurate and reliable results. The increasing sophistication of tampering methods, such as adulteration and substitution, necessitates the development of advanced testing techniques. This review explores the latest advancements in urine validity testing, including the integration of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) with high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These technologies enhance the detection of novel chemical and biological markers, such as unique metabolite profiles, polyglycole patterns, and DNA methylation markers (e.g., TWIST1 and NID2). The identification of new biomarkers and the application of multi-modal analytical approaches provide comprehensive and sensitive detection of tampering. Future directions in the field focus on refining these technologies, ensuring ethical data handling, and expanding regulatory frameworks to protect privacy and enhance the reliability of testing protocols. The advancements discussed promise significant improvements in the detection and prevention of urine sample tampering, ensuring the integrity of testing processes across various applications.
Local Effect of Metformin Gel (1%) as an Adjuvant in the Periodontal Treatment of Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus with Periodontitis: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Ferreira Bruna Fonseca , Fedrigo Karina , Brescovitt Ana Luiza , Stroparo João Victor Santos , Takahashi Bruna , Teixeira Ayessa Sbardelotto , Lovera Daniela , Oliveira Simone Maria Menegatti de , Toyoama Gisele , Nassar Carlos Augusto , Nassar Patricia Oehlmeyer
Published: August 2024

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 1% metformin gel administered locally as an adjunct to basic periodontal treatment in patients with periodontitis at different stages, with type II diabetes mellitus, who were using oral metformin.
Study Design:  This is a randomized, parallel, double-blind, clinical and laboratory-based clinical study.
Place and Duration of Study: It was carried out from April 2022 to March 2023. Study carried out in Cascavel-PR, Brazil.
Methodology: Total of 39 patients were evaluated, divided into two groups, CM (n=20): Periodontal therapy with an association of 1% metformin gel and SM (n=19): Periodontal therapy with placebo gel association. The patients were evaluated at 0, 3 and 6 months, through the following exams: clinical exams (clinical probing depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment loss and plaque index), hematological exams (fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, creatinine and total cholesterol and fractions) and collection of gingival crevicular fluid for evaluation of IL-17 by means of the ELISA test and to determine the amount of fluid absorbed (mm2).
Results: Both groups significantly reduced the amount of plaque, bleeding on probing and the amount of gingival crevicular fluid in mm2 (p<0.05) while CPD (clinical probing depth) was significantly reduced (p<0.05) only in the CM group. When evaluating the different probing depths, pockets <5 and ≥ 5 mm reduced significantly (p<0.05) in the CM group, while in the SM group, only pockets <5 mm were significantly reduced. The results of the hematological exams did not show statistical difference in this period and the same occurred with the amount of IL-17 present in the gingival crevicular fluid.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained in the present study, the local application of 1% metformin gel in patients with PD and type II DM was effective when associated with basic periodontal treatment over periodontal clinical parameters, compared to the placebo gel.
Analysing the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CGR) of G.I. tagged Saffron, Area, Production, and Productivity in Pulwama District, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Authors: Singh Maninder , Kachroo Jyoti , Dwivedi Sudhakar , Singh S.P , Bhat Anil , Upadhyay Lalit , Kumar Rohit
Published: August 2024

This study analyzes the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of saffron cultivation in Pulwama District, Jammu and Kashmir, from 1997 to 2021, focusing on area, production, and productivity. The findings show significant fluctuations across five periods. Period I (1997-2001) experienced notable declines in area, production, and productivity by 15.24%, 60.19%, and 15.35%, respectively. Period II (2002-2006) saw a slight recovery, with area and production increasing by 1.53% and 3.17%, while productivity decreased by 5.50%. Period III (2007-2011) marked substantial improvement, with area, production, and productivity rising by 7.17%, 15.29%, and 13.66%. Period IV (2012-2016) had minor declines in area by 0.75%, and more significant drops in production and productivity by 6.80% and 10.93%. Period V (2017-2020) showed modest growth in area by 1.96%, and significant increases in production by 22.32% and productivity by 19.62%. Overall, from 1997 to 2021, the area decreased slightly by 1.058%, production declined by 4.66%, but productivity improved by 2.076%. These trends can help policymakers enhance the sustainability and profitability of saffron production in the region.
Constraints in Production and Marketing in Perception of Fish Farmers and Market Intermediaries of Inland Fisheries in Khammam District of Telangana State, India
Authors: Suvarchala Devireddy , Sravanthi K. , Suhasini K. , Chary D. Srinivasa , Prasadh M. Shyam
Published: August 2024

The study focuses on Khammam district in Telangana, a significant region for fish farming. Using primary data collected through personal interviews with fish farmers (60) and market intermediaries. The present study aims to identify the constraints in fish production and status of marketing using Garrett’s ranking technique. The major constraints in fish production were identified include high feed costs (Garrett score- 71.41), lack of market facilities (68.55), and inadequate capital (68.15). For marketing, addressing the key issues include high price fluctuation (60.4) in the fishes, high transportation costs (56.13), and lack of market infrastructure (53.53).These results point to important issues that must be resolved in order to increase the productivity and sustainability of fish farming and marketing. The most significant difficulties are those concerning infrastructure, such as lack of market facilities and high transportation costs, along with financial limitations like high feed costs and insufficient money. Addressing these challenges is essential for enhancing the fisheries sector contribution to food security and economic development, particularly in the regions of  Khammam District in Telangana
A Review of Landraces’ On-farm Conservation, Practices and Management: An Indian Perspective
Authors: Puneeth G M , Deepak D A , Sneha G R , Gowthami Ravi , Chander Subhash , Bhatt Kailash Chandra , Vasudeva Ramesh , Archak Sunil
Published: August 2024

Plant genetic resources are the most valuable and essential basic raw materials to meet the current and future needs of crop improvement programs to enhance the genetic base of a crop. With erosion playing a crucial role in diminishing diversity, different conservation methods come to play a massive role in preserving these resources. Thus, in the present paper, the authors tried to provide a gist about the on-farm conservation activities practiced in India and the importance of on-farm diversity in terms of economic importance. Different key words like on-farm conservation, landraces, custodian farmers, on-farm diversity were used to collect the different articles on on-farm conservation. Research articles from different states and regions around the country were gathered to collate the data and knowledge. In managing the key farm resources, the role of community seed banks, kitchen gardens, custodian farmers, their communities and organizations has been highlighted, along with a few case studies of on-farm conservation activities across the sites in the country. With the collection and documentation of on-farm material for genebanks and databases, it may provide easy access to on-farm material for potential users in the future. Providing incentives, identifying key problems, and providing necessary facilities may sustain on-farm conservation.