bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF PARENTAL FORMS FOR HYBRIDIZATION IN THE BREEDING OF NONDRUG MONOECIOUS HEMP
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Budgetary Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops", SERKOV V.A. , DAVYDOVA O.K. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University", KOSHELYAEVA I.P. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Penza State Agrarian University"
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of the evaluation of parental forms of different origins. In order to obtain valuable parent material of monoecious hemp, varieties of the Central Russian ecotype (Surskaya, Vera, Nadezhda, Yuliana) and the southern ecotype (Zenitsa, Omegadar 1, Kubanka, Yuzhanka) were included in the crossing. The purpose of the study is to determine the presence of genetic divergence between the varieties of the Central Russian and southern ecotypes and to justify the selection of parental forms for hybridization in the breeding of nondrug monoecious hemp. Statistical characteristics of the main indicators of quantitative traits of the southern and Central Russian ecotypes are given. As a result of the studies carried out, data were obtained that allow a general conclusion that the parental varieties of different ecotypes included in the hybridization with the purpose of obtaining new parent material for hemp breeding have a 95 % probability of genetic distance in the following traits: length of vegetation period, plant height, weight of 1000 seeds, weight of seeds per plant and yield characteristics expressed by the amount of fiber obtained from a unit area. The use of parental forms characterized by hereditarily different traits and characteristics in the hybridization increases the likelihood that new valuable recombinant forms will be selected for hemp breeding.
Terapias Alvo no Tratamento da Insuficiência Cardíaca com Fração de Ejeção Preservada: Uma Nova Era?
Authors: Felipe Laurindo Couto  , Ana Kelly de Azevedo Gonçalves  , Caio Enzo Dantas de Paiva Queiroz  , Monaliza Carvalho Alves Feitosa  , Maria Eduarda Torreão Medeiros Teobaldo  , Bruno Rafael de Souza Honorato  , Brenda Tawares Batista  , Gabriela Júlia Pereira Chacon de Araújo  , Maria Cecília Vieira Stewart Thomaz  , Ismael Moreira Lima  , Marialice Pinto Viana Correia  , Mary Morioka
Published: February 2025

A insuficiência cardíaca com fração de ejeção preservada (ICFEp), a forma mais comum de insuficiência cardíaca (IC), é definida como sendo uma síndrome clínica com disfunção diastólica ventricular esquerda, com elevada pressão de enchimento ventricular esquerdo e reduzida adesão miocárdica. Apesar dos desafios inerentes à abordagem terapêutica da ICFEp, alguns tratamentos são promissores, dentre os quais se destacam terapias farmacológicas, como antagonistas do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona, antagonistas de mineralocorticoides e inibidores de SGLT2, e terapias não farmacológicas, como a estimulação do nervo vago, o shunt atrial transcateter e os moduladores da contratilidade cardíaca. Portanto, a alta incidência da ICFEp, em contraste com a baixa quantidade quantidade de abordagens terapêuticas eficazes para essa doença, demonstram a importância da realização de estudos direcionados ao tratamento da ICFEp, com o intuito de aprofundar a compreensão dessas terapias e facilitar o manejo sintomatológico e fisiopatológico da patologia em questão, melhorando a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com ICFEp.
O perigo silencioso dos benzodiazepínicos: da prescrição temporária à dependência vitalícia
Authors: Meneses dos Santos Leticia , Maciel Larissy da Silva , Robert Isabela Silva , Macedo Maria Eduarda Zanette
Published: February 2025

Introdução: Os benzodiazepínicos (BZDs) são amplamente utilizados no tratamento de transtornos como ansiedade, insônia, espasmos musculares e convulsões. Apesar de sua eficácia no curto prazo, seu uso prolongado tem gerado preocupações devido ao risco de dependência, prejuízos cognitivos e aumento da vulnerabilidade a quedas e acidentes, especialmente em idosos. Objetivo: Analisar o impacto do uso prolongado de benzodiazepínicos, seus riscos associados e a necessidade de alternativas terapêuticas mais seguras. Metodologia:  Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), entre agosto de 2024 e fevereiro de 2025, selecionando artigos publicados nos últimos 10 anos que abordavam as temáticas propostas para esta pesquisa. Resultados: Os benzodiazepínicos, apesar de sua utilidade clínica, apresentam riscos significativos quando utilizados de forma prolongada. Estudos indicam que muitos pacientes fazem uso contínuo desses fármacos por décadas, levando à dependência e a déficits cognitivos irreversíveis. Além disso, a crença equivocada de que esses medicamentos são inofensivos contribui para sua prescrição excessiva, agravada por falhas nos sistemas de controle. Alternativas como a terapia cognitivo-comportamental e antidepressivos têm sido propostas como substitutos mais seguros em longo prazo. Conclusão: A sociedade precisa repensar a dependência dos benzodiazepínicos como solução para dificuldades emocionais. A prescrição deve ser criteriosa, priorizando tratamentos de curta duração e acompanhados por monitoramento médico rigoroso. Políticas públicas mais eficazes, campanhas de conscientização e a valorização de terapias não farmacológicas são fundamentais para reduzir o consumo indiscriminado e garantir um tratamento mais seguro e eficaz.
A INFLUÊNCIA DA VITAMINA D NA OSSEOINTEGRAÇÃO EM IMPLANTES DENTÁRIOS
Authors: Lacerda Fernanda dos Santos , Nunes Bárbara Reis , Santos Luana Thamires Rocha dos
Published: February 2025

A osseointegração é um fator essencial para o sucesso dos implantes dentários, garantindo a formação óssea direta em nível estrutural e funcional. Diversos fatores influenciam esse processo, incluindo técnica cirúrgica, tipo de prótese, biomateriais e condições sistêmicas do paciente. A vitamina D desempenha um papel fundamental na manutenção do metabolismo ósseo, favorecendo a atividade osteoblástica e a absorção de cálcio, fatores essenciais para a osseointegração. Este estudo realizou uma revisão bibliográfica para analisar a relação entre os níveis séricos de vitamina D e o sucesso dos implantes dentários. A pesquisa foi conduzida nas bases de dados PubMed e LILACS, utilizando descritores específicos e critérios de inclusão e exclusão rigorosos, resultando na seleção de 19 artigos relevantes publicados entre 2020 e 2025. Os resultados evidenciaram que a deficiência de vitamina D está associada a uma maior incidência de falhas nos implantes, impactando negativamente a estabilidade inicial e a regeneração óssea. Estudos demonstraram que pacientes com níveis insuficientes de vitamina D (<20 ng/mL) apresentaram taxas mais elevadas de falha precoce dos implantes. Por outro lado, a suplementação de vitamina D mostrou-se benéfica, promovendo uma osseointegração mais eficaz e reduzindo complicações, especialmente em pacientes com comorbidades como diabetes e osteoporose. Embora os benefícios da suplementação de vitamina D sejam amplamente reconhecidos, a literatura ainda carece de protocolos padronizados quanto à dosagem ideal e ao tempo de suplementação. Diante disso, a triagem pré-operatória dos níveis séricos de vitamina D deve ser incorporada à prática clínica para otimizar os resultados dos implantes dentários e minimizar as falhas. Estudos futuros são necessários para definir diretrizes clínicas mais robustas sobre o papel da vitamina D na implantodontia.
TERAPIA EMERGENTES PARA O CÂNCER DE PELE MELANOMA: DESAFIOS E PERSPECTIVAS NA ERA DA MEDICINA DE PRECISÃO
Authors: Ana Paula Simões Lima  , Jennifer Rodrigues Nolvaz Araújo  , Marcela Lourenço Lacerda  , Charlene Glaucia Nunes de Almeida  , Helena Teófilo Mendonça  , Ana Hiasmyne Belém de Lucena Gomes  , Suzane Belém Sampaio  , Fernanda Oliveira Brito dos Reis  , Raphael Barros Rocha  , Isaque Ramos Silva  , Rodrigo Daniel Zanoni
Published: February 2025

Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, Foi possível assim estruturar a seguinte pergunta norteadora: “Quais os impactos das terapias emergentes para o câncer de pele melanoma, com foco nos desafios e perspectivas na era da medicina de precisão?”. Foi feito um levantamento através da biblioteca eletrônica sendo a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), sendo selecionada a seguinte base de dados: Medical Literatures Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), foi utilizado os descritores consultados nos Descritores em Ciência e Saúde (DeCS), no mês de fevereiro de 2025, sendo: “Neoplasias cutâneas”, “Medicina de precisão” e “Melanoma”, utilizando o operador booleando AND entre os descritores quando combinados.  Após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade foram utilizados dez artigos selecionados ao total. Os resultados de estudos clínicos com terapias emergentes para o melanoma, como os inibidores de BRAF/MEK, os inibidores de checkpoint imunológico e as terapias celulares, têm demonstrado avanços significativos no tratamento da doença. Os inibidores de BRAF/MEK, por exemplo, revolucionaram o tratamento de melanomas com mutações no gene BRAF, aumentando a sobrevida global e a sobrevida livre de progressão dos pacientes. Em suma, as terapias emergentes para o melanoma, como os inibidores de BRAF/MEK, os inibidores de checkpoint imunológico e as terapias celulares, representam um avanço significativo no tratamento da doença, oferecendo novas esperanças para pacientes com melanoma avançado.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON PREVALENCE OF WRIST/HAND PAIN AMONG AUTOMOBILE WORKERS
Authors: Kanthuri Vijaya Kumari  , Dr. Pinky Dutta  , Dr. Shwetha Sashidharan
Published: February 2025

Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a significant global occupational health issue, affecting workers across all industries, including automobile manufacturing. Employees in this sector face high risks of WMSDs, which can severely impact their physical and mental well-being.
Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of wrist and hand pain in automobile workers.
Method: Articles were chosen from multiple platforms like Google Scholar, PubMed, SCISPACE, and ScienceDirect, spanning 2010-2023. Out of 35 articles, only 20 met the study's criteria for inclusion.
Results: Wrist pain is a major concern for auto manufacturing workers globally. Factors like gender, age, physical activity, repetitive tasks, poor work environment, long hours, lack of training, and improper wrist posture are linked to WMSDs. These impact worker performance and cause economic losses. To reduce WMSD risk, mechanics should be trained in proper posture and the adoption of ergonomic devices and instruments during work tasks.
Conclusion: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in hands and wrists are common in auto manufacturing and repair workers. Although wrist pain isn't as common as pain in other areas, it still contributes significantly to the overall musculoskeletal burden. Hence, it is vital to focus on prevention strategies such as incorporating ergonomic improvements and enhancing working conditions and the overall work environment to lower the occurrence of work-related MSDs. These strategies can help prevent work-related MSDs and promote the health and protection of these workers.
KEYWORDS: Wrist/Hand Pain, Repetitive Motion, Automobile Workers, Prevalence Rate.
TECHNICAL REGULATION OF THE USE OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIAL FROM CONSTRUCTION WASTE
Authors: Hryhorovskyi P.E. , Chervyakov Y.N. , Basanskyi V.O. , Murasоva O.V. , Khalupka Yu.M. , Bilkevych Yu.V.
Published: February 2025

Abstract. The purpose of the article is an analytical study of the results of the experimental determination of the technical characteristics of secondary materials made from fragments of concrete products and stone wall materials, and natural raw materials of a similar purpose to establish the possibility of their interchangeability and the need to improve the national regulatory framework due to the normalization of quality indicators for secondary raw materials for the production of concrete and reinforced concrete products. The results of the study of quality indicators of recycled materials from construction waste and natural materials for use as aggregates in concrete mixtures are presented, as well as the characteristics of cement concrete based on such materials. Analytical studies have established that, based on the results of comparative experimental studies of the technical characteristics of secondary materials made from fragments of concrete products and stone wall materials, and natural raw materials of a similar purpose, the researchers did not reach a unanimous conclusion on the full replacement of natural mineral aggregates in concrete with secondary raw materials of the same grain composition. Attention is focused on the fact that the experience of countries where a significant part of construction waste is processed into secondary raw materials proves the need to create regulatory documents for recycled materials. It is emphasized that there are no regulatory documents in the national regulatory base of Ukraine that would establish requirements for the quality indicators of recycled aggregates for use in concrete, which is one of the reasons for restraining the use of construction and demolition waste. Given the large number of buildings damaged or destroyed during the war, demolition waste is a mixture of different materials and fragments of different types of products, therefore, it is possible that a series of regulations for different compositions of recycled construction waste will be needed to ensure the involvement of material after recycling in construction production.
The timing of transition to senior surgical resident: a national survey of Canadian program directors
Authors: Mitchell Eric C , DeLyzer Tanya , Van Koughnett Julie Ann , Grant Aaron
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Transitions within medical education are challenging and mark significant changes in responsibility and independence. The transition from junior to senior surgical resident has been sparsely examined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the timing of this transition in Canadian surgical programs and the factors used to guide this decision.
Methods: We developed a cross-sectional, single-stage survey and distributed it to all Canadian surgical program directors. We analyzed survey responses using quantitative methods.
Results: Forty-seven program directors responded, representing all ten surgical disciplines. The most frequent period of transition from junior to senior resident was July of PGY-3. Programs that employ a formal “transition” curriculum for juniors had a significantly earlier transition, while programs that use staff feedback to guide the transition decision had a significantly later transition. Directors identified year of training and experience, technical ability, and clinical competence as key features of a senior surgical resident.
Conclusions: Surgical residency programs largely use a time-based model to determine when residents transition from junior to senior resident. Future qualitative studies should examine the factors used to make transition decisions and explore how programs define a senior surgical resident.
The Impact of Universal Health Coverage Policies on Health Equity Metrics: A Longitudinal Analysis in Indonesia
Authors: Firman Hadi  , Annisa Annisa  , Utter Prakesh  , Aleisha Wulandari
Published: February 2025

Indonesia has made significant strides towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC) with the implementation of the Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) program. However, achieving equitable health outcomes across diverse socioeconomic and geographic groups remains a challenge. This study investigates the longitudinal impact of UHC policies on key health equity metrics in Indonesia. This study employed a longitudinal, quasi-experimental design using a difference-in-differences (DID) approach. Data were collected from a nationally representative sample of Indonesian households from 2014 (pre-JKN expansion) to 2022. The dataset included socioeconomic indicators (wealth quintiles, education, geographic location), health service utilization (antenatal care visits, skilled birth attendance, immunization rates), and health outcomes (under-five mortality rate, stunting prevalence). The DID analysis compared changes in these metrics between groups with varying levels of pre-existing health insurance coverage and socioeconomic status. Multivariable regression models were used to control for confounding factors. The DID analysis showed that UHC expansion was associated with significant improvements in health service utilization, particularly among lower socioeconomic groups. Antenatal care visits increased by an estimated 15% (95% CI: 12-18%) in the lowest wealth quintile compared to a 5% (95% CI: 3-7%) increase in the highest quintile. Skilled birth attendance similarly increased disproportionately among disadvantaged groups. However, while under-five mortality and stunting prevalence decreased overall, significant disparities persisted. The reduction in under-five mortality was smaller in the lowest wealth quintile (10% reduction, 95% CI: 7-13%) compared to the highest (18% reduction, 95% CI: 15-21%). Regression models confirmed that socioeconomic status remained a significant predictor of health outcomes even after controlling for UHC coverage. In conclusion, while Indonesia's UHC policies have improved access to healthcare services, particularly for vulnerable populations, significant health equity gaps remain. Addressing these disparities requires a multi-pronged approach that goes beyond financial protection and includes targeted interventions to address social determinants of health, improve health service quality, and enhance health literacy among disadvantaged communities.
transformações do ativismo alimentar no brasil
Authors: Duarte Vitória Giovana , Luz David Marília
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo analisa as mudanças que aconteceram no ativismo alimentar do Instituto Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor (Idec) entre os anos de 2004 e 2019. As reivindicações do Idec sobre alimentação, anteriormente focadas em questões sanitárias, passaram a concentrar-se nos riscos ligados ao processamento industrial, problematizando o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados e o aumento de casos de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis na população brasileira. O embasamento teórico se concentra nos Estudos Sociais das Ciências e das Tecnologias e na literatura sobre sistemas alimentares e ativismo alimentar no Brasil. O trabalho de campo incluiu análise documental e entrevistas semiestruturadas com funcionárias da organização. Concluímos que o ativismo alimentar praticado pelo Idec passa por um importante processo de profissionalização, com aumento de recursos – financeiros, humanos, competências nas áreas da saúde e jurídica – e mudanças das suas estratégias de atuação. Com isso, a atuação do Instituto ajudou a construir, principalmente a partir de 2015 e alinhado a outras organizações brasileiras, os alimentos ultraprocessados com um dos maiores antagonistas da alimentação adequada e saudável do Brasil nos últimos anos.
Unified Power Flow Controller for Solar-Wind Energy Integrated System's Performance
Authors: Rao P. V. V Rama , Sekhar D. Chandra , Kumari K. , Mariyam Bibi
Published: February 2025

When using electricity, the need for proper voltage with excellent operational conditions is essential from the viewpoint of consumer appliances. Utilities normally adopt various quality measures such as adaptive filters, linear filters, conditioners and regulators, etc. to condition the voltage at the consumer end, current quality, and an increase in power to compensate for the voltage dips and dissipative losses including a certain level of fault tolerance. Where efforts are made to enhance power quality, efforts are also put into the utilization of power supply. On the other hand, the growing power demand can be processed with the renewable source integrated energy infrastructure and effective operating algorithm that play key roles in allocating the power supply adaptively to compensate for it. Here, the grid systems are either designed for multi-objective monitoring in deciding or for a concentric parameter. In multi-parameter monitoring, this study suggests intelligent parameter monitoring of power demand and scheduling, unlike the previous technique of a preference-based scheduler employs an ANT-LION optimization (ALO) algorithm. MATLAB/Simulink is used to simulate the suggested system, and the outcomes are shown.
Current considerations for the management of liver echinococcosis
Authors: Pavlidis Efstathios T , Galanis Ioannis N , Pavlidis Theodoros E
Published: February 2025

Echinococcosis or hydatid disease is induced mainly by Echinococcus granulosus and occasionally by Echinococcus multilocularis (alveolaris) and affects the liver predominantly. Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis is similar to carcinoma in appearance, and without treatment, it can lead to death. Diagnosis is based on current imaging modalities. Surgical management is the cornerstone of treatment. Complete removal of the cyst (total pericystectomy or hepatectomy) ensures a permanent cure and should be the first-choice treatment for cystic disease. Cyst evacuation, partial cystectomy, and drainage or omentoplasty, may be alternative choices in difficult cases. Albendazole, mebendazole and praziquantel are options for treating small cysts and preventing recurrence after surgery. Despite the efforts, alveolar echinococcus is not usually amenable to surgical management, except in the early stage, which is less common, and management by albendazole is indicated. However, there are few recent reports of major operations (ex-vivo hepatectomy, autotransplantation and vascular reconstruction) in advanced stages.
Landslide and landslide-talus processes on the roads of the Рrigorodny district and the urban district of Vladikavkaz (the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania)
Authors:   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute of Roshydromet, Razumov V. V. , Bogdanova N. D. ,   Institute of Geotechnics and Engineering Surveys in Construction, Razumova N. V. ,   Russian Space Systems of Roscosmos, Kondratyeva N. V. ,   High-Mountain Geophysical Institute of Roshydromet, Shalnev V. A. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University
Published: February 2025

The object of the study is landslide, rockfall and talus activity on the highways of the Prigorodny administrative district and the urban district of Vladikavkaz in the Republic of North Ossetia – Alania. The paper classifies and analyzes various sources containing information on the conditions and causes of the development of landslide and talus processes, as well as the activity and danger of their manifestation on the roads of these municipalities over 2002–2023. The activity of the studied processes is mainly due to man-made effects and the influence of natural rapidly changing factors (meltwater, precipitation and air temperature). Landslides and active rockfall and talus areas threatening highways in the studied municipalities have been identified. Over the studied period, about 10 significant landslides (with material damage) and more than 40 rockfall and talus occasions took place on these roads. The maximum number of cases is confined to the spring and summer period. The study provides information on the scale of landslide, rockfall and talus deformations and destructions of the roadbed that have occurred. The areas where manifestations of the studied processes were periodically observed in different years are specified. The activity of landslide movements over the studied period was insignificant, its volume, in general, did not exceed 20.0 thousand m3. The area of talus deposits varied from 3.0 to 60.0 thousand m2, and the volume of rockfall was in most cases 250–500 m3. Large accumulations of loose material were observed on roads in the valley of the Gizeldon River, and rockfall mainly occurred on the Georgian Military Road (the Balta – Upper Lars section). The maximum length of sections of republic highways affected exposed to rockfall and talus processes was noted in 2017, and to landslides – in 2022. The analysis of socio-economic consequences of the intensification of the studied processes on the roads of the Prigorodny district and the urban district of Vladikavkaz allows the authors to conclude that the landslide threat to the road infrastructure of these municipalities is low and the rockfall and talus threat is rather significant.
Biot’s coefficient in terrigenous section: research methods and practical significance
Authors:   RN-Technologies, Kuleshov V. S. , Moreva V. А. ,   Tyumen Oil Research Center, Samojlov M. I. ,   Tyumen Oil Research Center, Kudymov A. Ju. ,   Tyumen Oil Research Center, Rasputin N. A. ,   ROSPAN INTERNATIONAL
Published: February 2025

In the presented work the concept of Bio coefficient (poroelasticity coefficient) is described as a significant physical parameter in the theory of effective stresses used to describe the poroelastic state of rocks, as well as the interval of change in the Bio coefficient depending on the porosity and structural features of the rock matrix. An overview of the most well-known and practically significant methods for determining the values of the poroelasticity coefficient is presented: the methods of Willis, Frankut and Abass, measurements of rock permeability depending on effective stress, as well as changes in crimping pressure in relation to changes in pore pressure. A list of common correlation dependencies for estimating the poroelasticity coefficient is given. Approaches are demonstrated and procedures for special laboratory core studies are briefly described. The results of data interpretation and the establishment of correlations of values for the objects of development of one of the fields in Western Siberia are demonstrated. The correlation dependences of the Bio coefficient with respect to the filtration and capacitance properties of the formation (FES), acoustic and elastic properties of rocks for the productive intervals of the formations BU16, BU17, Ac3–4, Ac5 and Ac6. To determine the characteristic values of the Bio coefficient in individual development objects, a method based on the construction of a span diagram is proposed («boxes with moustaches»). The presented material will be useful to geomechanical engineers in order to clarify the stress-strain state on rocks of Western Siberia that are similar in filtration-capacitance and elastic-strength properties. The results are of practical importance for ensuring the stability of boreholes and modeling hydraulic fracturing processes.
PISA 2022. A closer look at mathematics in Australia
Authors: De Bortoli Lisa , Underwood Catherine
Published: February 2025

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is an international comparative study that assesses how well 15-year-olds, who have nearly completed compulsory schooling in most participating educational systems, can use their knowledge and skills to meet real-world opportunities and challenges. In each cycle of PISA, students are assessed in the domains of reading, mathematics and science. Each cycle has a domain that is the major focus and for which there is a higher proportion of questions than from the others. Mathematics was the major focus in the 2022 cycle. The mathematics assessment framework includes 2 mathematics subscales that reflect the complexity of mathematics. The content subscales (Change and relationships; Quantity; Space and shape; and Uncertainty and data) represent the core areas of mathematics knowledge that students encounter in educational curricula worldwide. The process subscales (Formulating situations mathematically; Employing mathematical concepts, facts and procedures; Interpreting, applying and evaluating mathematical outcomes; and, Mathematical reasoning) reflect the mental actions required for effective problem-solving in mathematics. This report presents the mathematics results on the content and process subscales for Australia as a whole, for the Australian states and territories and for the other groups in PISA 2022. This report also presents the results from the teacher questionnaire about the teaching of mathematics and explores the perspectives of teachers on the constructs of: goals and views about teaching mathematics; encouraging mathematical thinking; fostering reasoning; and, teaching of mathematical reasoning and 21st-century mathematics topics. Each construct examines the similarities and differences in teachers teaching of mathematics between countries, the Australian jurisdictions and different demographic groups. Similarly, the student questionnaire ascertains student perspectives about the constructs of: effort and persistence in mathematics; mathematics self-efficacy in mathematical reasoning and 21st-century mathematics topics; and, mathematics anxiety. The constructs present the similarities and differences in students' attitudes and behaviours toward learning mathematics between countries, the Australian jurisdictions and different demographic groups.
The face of illusory truth: Repetition of information elicits affective facial reactions predicting judgments of truth
Authors: Stump Annika , Wüstenberg Torsten , Rouder Jeffrey N. , Voss Andreas
Published: February 2025

People tend to judge repeated information as more likely true compared with new information. A key explanation for this phenomenon, called the illusory truth effect, is that repeated information can be processed more fluently, causing it to appear more familiar and trustworthy. To consider the function of time in investigating its underlying cognitive and affective mechanisms, our design comprised two retention intervals. Seventy-five participants rated the truth of new and repeated statements 10 min, as well as 1 week after first exposure while spontaneous facial expressions were assessed via electromyography. Our data demonstrate that repetition results not only in an increased probability of judging information as true (illusory truth effect) but also in specific facial reactions indicating increased positive affect, reduced mental effort, and increased familiarity (i.e., relaxations of musculus corrugator supercilii and frontalis) during the evaluation of information. The results moreover highlight the relevance of time: both the repetition-induced truth effect as well as EMG activities, indicating increased positive affect and reduced mental effort, decrease significantly after a longer interval.
Thinking in opposites improves hypothesis testing performance in Wason’s rule-discovery task
Authors: Branchini Erika , Bianchi Ivana , Burro Roberto
Published: February 2025

We investigate whether hypothesis testing can be improved by a simple prompt to “think in opposites,” a strategy suggested by a growing body of literature as being beneficial in various reasoning and problem-solving contexts. We employed Wason’s rule-discovery task and designed three experimental conditions: training that prompted an analysis of the properties characterizing the initial seed triple, training that prompted the same analysis but subsequently required the identification of the opposites of each property for use in the testing phase, and a no-prompt condition. Thinking in opposites nearly doubled the success rate and led to a more frequent discovery of the rule on the first attempt. This improved efficacy was due not to the testing of more triples but to less reiteration of the same hypothesis and a greater awareness of the ascending-descending critical dimension. We discuss how thinking in opposites appears to stimulate counterfactual thinking, with respect to previous literature.
No evidence for association between pupil size and fluid intelligence among either children or adults
Authors: Lorente Patricia , Ruuskanen Veera , Mathôt Sebastiaan , Crespo Antonio , Radl Jonas
Published: February 2025

Recent studies have investigated resting-state, or baseline, pupil size as a general measure of cognitive abilities, based on the earlier finding that larger pupils might be predictive of higher general intelligence or working memory capacity. However, evidence for such relationships has been mixed, and all previous studies thus far have focused on adult samples. The present study adds to this debate by examining the correlation between fluid intelligence and baseline pupil size in a sample of both children (10 years old) and adults (their parents). Importantly, our sample is representative in terms of socioeconomic background, which was not the case in previous studies, thus addressing concerns about sample selection and variability. We did not find evidence for a relationship of fluid intelligence with baseline pupil size or with pupil-size variability for either children or adults. Therefore, our results do not replicate the relationship between cognitive abilities and baseline pupil size as reported in previous research.
Approaches to inducing mental fatigue: A systematic review and meta-analysis of (neuro)physiologic indices
Authors: Goodman Stephen P. J. , Collins Blake , Shorter Kathleen , Moreland Ashleigh T. , Papic Christopher , Hamlin Adam S. , Kassman Brendon , Marino Frank E.
Published: February 2025

Mental fatigue is a transient psychophysiological state characterized by impaired cognition and behavior across a range of dynamic contexts. Despite increasing interest in this phenomenon, its (neuro)physiologic representations remain unclear. This systematic review aimed to quantify the range of (neuro)physiologic outcomes and methodologies used to investigate mental fatigue in laboratory-based settings. Across the 72 studies meeting our inclusion criteria, we identified 30 unique physiologic, four visual outcomes, and the application of several neuroimaging techniques investigating neuronal function. Mental fatigue increased heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, low frequency, and root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD), and reduced standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) (all P ≤ 0.04) when compared with controls. Applying electroencephalography to investigate delta, theta, and alpha bandwidths may provide useful insights into this phenomenon, and functional near-infra-red spectroscopy to right-lateralized frontoparietal regions would be helpful to investigate cortical activity change in response to mental fatigue. More data are needed across a range of methodological contexts in order to further determine the (neuro)physiological manifestations of mental fatigue. However, this review provides direction to researchers and will assist them in navigating and considering the range of options available.
Only ‘only’ only: A distributed meaning approach to exclusive doubling
Authors: Yip Ka-Fai
Published: February 2025

Cross-linguistically, exclusive particles ‘only’ may be doubled with a single focus association, giving rise to an apparent form-meaning mismatch. Focusing on an understudied case of doubling of exclusive adverbial particle zinghai and sentence-final particle (SFP) zaa3 in Cantonese, this study refines the operator-particle approach (e.g., Quek & Hirsch 2017) and argues for a novel view where exclusive doubling instantiates a scalar focus structure. I demonstrate that both particles have focus-sensitive contributions: zinghai encodes at-issue exclusivity and zaa3 encodes not-at-issue scalar meaning. I further propose that zaa3 is semantically dependent on zinghai, and acquires access to the lower alternative set quantified by zinghai via co-indexation of Roothian Ci (Rooth 1992). This view not only implicates that there is more than one way to access lower alternatives across another focus operator (cf. Bade & Sachs 2019; Erlewine 2024), but it also offers a possible answer to why languages allow exclusive focus particles to be doubled.
Investigation of Heavy Metals Absorption in Plants for Safer Food Production
Authors: Muter Emad Ayal , Khalil Yousif Ahmed
Published: February 2025

In this study, heavy metal contamination in food poses significant health risks to consumers. The significant problem of heavy metal accumulation in food crops, with the goals of shedding light on the factors that drive this process and coming up with strategies to make food production safer. tests under controlled settings are carried out in this study to evaluate the process of heavy metals being taken up by plants from contaminated soils. These tests include a wide range of plant species and soil conditions. The findings provide light on the complex dynamics of heavy metal absorption by plants and demonstrate the role that soil conditions and plant species play in modifying this process.  When compared to the soil that served as the control, the treated soil shows a statistically significant reduction in the quantity of biomass generated by plants that are grown in it. Plants exposed to heavy metal contamination may experience stunted growth and development as a result of the presence of the contaminant. According to the findings of this research project, soil that has been altered by the treatment of sewage water tends to collect larger concentrations of heavy metals. These metals, in turn, have a detrimental impact on the physiological characteristics of the plant species that were chosen for this study. These findings highlight the need of monitoring and regulating heavy metal pollution in soils to protect the health of both agricultural systems and ecosystems. Research to help contribute to the development of sustainable agricultural techniques that are focused at ensuring food safety and safeguarding public health.
Bibliometric Computational Mapping Analysis of Publications on Environmental Science-Based Product Design using VOSviewer
Authors: Insani Handayani Madania , Mu’minah Afifah , Nurhutami Meita Annisa , Hafiyan R. Moch. Rizal
Published: February 2025

This research aims to determine the development of research related to environmental science-based product design and to examine the relationship between terms used in published research. Bibliometrics with computational mapping analysis using the VOSviewer application is used to determine developments and relationships between terms for literature reviews. The information obtained was filtered using Publish or Perish, and article information was obtained from the Google Scholar database. The keyword "environmental science-based product design" is included in the title and abstract of the article to direct the search process. A total of 888 relevant articles are gathered. The research material consists of scholarly papers that have been indexed by Google Scholar in the recent five years (2018-2023). According to the findings, environmental science-based product design research can be classified into two: environmental science and product design. The phrase "environmental science-based product design" has 324 links out of 1108 total. The term "environmental science" has eight connections totalling 29 links, whereas "product design" has eight connections totalling 14 strength links. Analysis of Research and Development Findings Product design based on environmental science has developed over the previous five years. Between 2020 and 2023, the number dropped from 47 in 2020 to 14 in 2023. There was a variation between 2020 and 2023 (47, 35, 49, and 14 releases each year, respectively). Simultaneously, as many as 381 research articles on popular product design based on environmental science were published in 2018. The results of this research show that the terminology used more often is closer to the term environmental science compared to product design. There was also a decrease in the number of publications because, in 2018–2022, due to COVID-19, research related to the science-based product design environment needs to take field data. Several publications have been written regarding environmental science-based product design and its relationship to VOSviewer problem areas. This review can be used as a starting point to learn more about additional terms. This research will have an impact on the development of the number of affinities between terms used in research related to environmental science-based product design.
A Review on Integrating Digital Technologies into Teaching and Learning Activity: Engaging Street Children in Interactive Learning
Authors: Nor Hashim Nor Shuradi , Abdul Rahman Mohd Kipli , Ahmad Muhamad Faisal , Pisali Amsalib , Habsary Dwiyana
Published: February 2025

The incorporation of digital technology in education has the potential to provide students with practical experiences and teachers with more engaging teaching environments. Despite being widely explored, educational technology's impact on street children's learning outcomes has not been extensively studied. This paper aims to analyse the challenges faced by street children and suggest digital technology strategies to improve their education. It delves into how media technology can boost student engagement, foster collaboration, and promote deeper learning in the classroom. Furthermore, it highlights ways to leverage media technology to increase educational access and create interactive learning opportunities for students. The search was conducted across significant databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, Scite Ai, and Google Scholar, to identify pertinent articles on the desired topic. Subsequently, 46 articles were meticulously analysed and reviewed based on their respective subject matter and discourse. This comprehensive guide showcases the potential of digital technologies in learning and teaching, particularly for street children. For street children, education should emphasize interactive learning and critical thinking to equip them with skills to navigate life's challenges. It underscores the significance of cultivating interactive learning and critical thinking skills to empower street children to overcome life's obstacles.
Rutting Performance Evaluation of the Bituminous Mixes using Roller Compactor and Rut Analyzer
Authors: Puttappa Praveen Kumar , Bangalore Venkatesh Kiran Kumar , Shivanandaswamy Manjunatha , Subramanya Konanur Gundanna
Published: February 2025

The characteristics of the bitumen play a very important role in the performance and durability of flexible pavement. Conventional bitumen has many disadvantages, due to which the pavement undergoes different types of distress, such as cracking, edge breaks, shovelling, rutting, ravelling, heaving, potholes, etc. The performance of the bituminous mixes can be improved by using various types of additives to bitumen, commonly known as modifiers, to obtain modified bitumen. The present investigation is done by conducting Marshall Stability and Rutting tests on a combination of bituminous mixes, namely Bituminous Concrete (BC) Grade-I and Grade- II (Gr-I & Gr-II) used as a surface course layer and Dense Bituminous Macadam (DBM) Grade-II (Gr-II) used as a binder course layer, using both conventional bitumen and Crumb Rubber Modified Bitumen (CRMB). The pavement crust is built as per the specifications of the Indian Road Congress (IRC) 37, 2018. Rutting tests were conducted by indigenously developed equipment, namely the Roller Compactor and Rut Analyzer (RCRA). The results show that the Bituminous Concrete Gr-II mix has 20.1% and 32.4% higher strength than Bituminous Concrete Grade-I mix prepared with conventional bitumen and modified bituminous mixes, respectively. Also, modified bituminous mixes showed higher density and lower flow values than conventional bituminous mixes. The reduced flow values obtained with the modified bituminous mixes make the pavement surface less susceptible to temperature changes. Similarly, the results of rutting tests show the BC Gr-II mix exhibited 38.0% and 50.6% higher resistance to rutting than the BC Gr-I prepared with conventional and modified bituminous mixes, respectively. The findings of the research help in reducing the use of natural resources, reducing the cost of construction, enhancing pavement strength and performance, and simultaneously addressing and reducing the problem of waste disposal.
Base Pressure Control using Quarter Rib at Mach 1.3: A Comprehensive CFD Analysis
Authors: Shetty Shamitha , Mahaboobali Fharukh Ahmed Ghasi , Khan Ambareen , Akhtar Mohammad Nishat , Khan Sher Afghan , Pathan Khizar Ahmed
Published: February 2025

The study of base pressure and its control is an important research area in the transonic speed when the flow undergoes a sudden change in area. The turbulent flow in a separated region is still a crucial area of research due to the advent of space shuttles and high-performance military aircraft, and turbulent flow in transonic and supersonic flow is a thrust area for researchers. This paper focuses on base pressure control with sudden expansion at Mach 1.3 for an area ratio of 4.84. The flow field inside the duct is controlled through a passive control in the form of quarter ribs of radii 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm for various duct lengths in the range from L = 1D to 6D for nozzle pressure ratios in the range from 3 to 11. Results show that a 1 mm rib is not adequate, and rib radii 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm are effective in raising the base pressure values, and this rise in the base pressure continues till the duct length L = 1D to 4D. There is a marginal reduction in base pressure for the duct lengths L = 5D and 6D due to the ineffectiveness of the back pressure.
Aqueous Humour Flow in Descemet’s Membrane Detachment with Different Orientation and Temperature Gradient
Authors: Yong Han Nee , Ismail Zuhaila , Lim Yeou Jiann , Daniel Yahaya Shagaiya
Published: February 2025

Descemet’s membrane detachment is a rare eye condition that often occurs due to trauma or surgical complications. It happens when the membrane separates from the stroma due to the circulation of aqueous humour in the subspace between the membrane and the stroma. The present research aims to study the aqueous humour flow with the effect of changes in eye orientations and different temperature gradients. A coupled mathematical model for the aqueous humour flow and heat transfer is developed and then solved using COMSOL Multiphysics, with the finite element method implemented. The findings indicate that eye orientation influences the aqueous humour, thereby affecting the detached Descemet’s membrane. The results suggest that spontaneous reattachment may occur under certain angles of eye orientation. Additionally, changes in the temperature gradient affect the velocity and direction of aqueous humour flow. These findings may help understand the significant factors facilitating spontaneous reattachment of the detached Descemet’s membrane. The analysis may provide insight into alternative treatments for reattachment of the Descemet’s membrane without surgery.
Determinants of Self-Efficacy and Employee Performance in the Banking Industry
Authors: Candra Susanto Primadi , Akbari Setiawan Haikal , Yandi Andri
Published: February 2025

Aims to prove that self-efficacy is a mediating variable on employee performance in an organization, especially in the banking industry, The research methodology used was qualitative using variable-relevant journal mini-reviews of papers and will be completed later in this study. Results of research from various scientific articles, with the existence of competency, mentoring, and self-efficacy variables in the banking industry environment it is thought to influence employee performance, also by strengthening the research results from existing scientific articles, the increase in self-efficacy is proven by literature studies as well as employee performance which has been described and answers from literature studies of scientific articles prove and researchers want to strengthen the results of research that has been carried out. The recommendations are general in nature because the object here has not been determined by the name of the bank and only describes the results of existing research, and can also provide further research by other researchers in the future with multiple linear regression testing.