bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Is Antibiotic Prophylaxis Cost-effective for Dental Patients Following Total Knee Arthroplasty?
Authors: Skaar D.D. , Park T. , Swiontkowski M.F. , Kuntz K.M.
Published: October 2018

Introduction:

Routine antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) to prevent prosthetic joint infection remains controversial. The lack of prophylaxis guideline consensus from the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS) and the American Dental Association (ADA) contributes to clinician confusion.

Objectives:

This cost-effectiveness decision model informs the AP debate and guideline development by comparing the benefits, harms, and costs of alternative prophylaxis strategies.

Methods:

A Markov state-transition model was developed comparing lifetime health outcomes and costs of alternative AP strategies for dental patients aged 65 y with a history of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Based on our interpretation of AP recommendations from the AAOS and ADA, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were calculated to compare the following strategies: no AP, AP for the first 2 y after a TKA, and lifetime AP.

Results:

The no-AP strategy had the lowest average lifetime costs ($17,119) and quality-adjusted life years (11.2151). Compared with a no-prophylaxis strategy, the 2-y AP strategy had incremental costs of $56 and 0.0006 QALYs gained and was cost-effective (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio = $95,100) when a willingness-to-pay threshold of $100,000 per quality-adjusted life year was used. Based on the results of 1-way sensitivity analysis, the no-AP strategy was cost-effective when we modestly increased base case amoxicillin adverse event estimates that were substantially lower than estimates reported in previous models. When plausible combinations of important model parameters were varied, model results suggested that there may be clinical scenarios when AP may be appropriate for some medically at-risk patient populations.

Conclusion:

The results of cost-effectiveness decision modeling generally support questioning routine AP for dental patients with TKA. Sensitivity analyses suggest that prophylaxis may be cost-effective for patient populations with a higher medical risk of infection. This finding is consistent with the recommendations of the 2015 ADA practice guideline and the appropriate use criteria jointly developed by the AAOS and the ADA.

Knowledge Transfer Statement:

The results of this decision modeling research support the contention that routine AP before invasive dental procedures to prevent prosthetic joint infection may not be cost-effective for patients without medical conditions, potentially conferring a higher infection risk. Model sensitivity analyses suggest that there may be clinical situations when medically at-risk patients benefit from AP.
Value Transformation in the ‘Let’s Play’ Gaming Subculture
Authors: Boomer Jason , Harwood Tracy , Garry Tony
Published: October 2018

Let’s play is a globally significant phenomenon in creative online content generation that has evolved from gaming culture. Little is understood about the behaviour and motivations of community participants to generate creative content or the values they associate with their creative work. This research explores the processes let’s play players engage in to transform and extract value from content generation, and the roles of firms in its development. Drawing on Bourdieu’s (1989, Sociological Theory, 7(1), 14–25) frames of capital, this research identifies four types of values (social, cultural, economic and symbolic) and examines the processes for content creation and sharing. Findings identify a complex interplay between the forms of values together with the paramount aim of creating a symbolic value for delayed economic gain. This has implications for how firms involved in developing partnership propositions (such as platforms, game asset producers and games publishers) develop and extract a future economic value.
Utility of generational developmental and reproductive toxicity and juvenile animal study protocols for the infant safety assessment of food contact materials
Authors: Neal-Kluever April , Nartey Queenster , Aungst Jason , Basso Federica , Davis-Bruno Karen , Elayan Ikram , Liu Jie , Ravindran Arippa , Wu Yen-Ching
Published: October 2018

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Division of Food Contact Notifications (DFCN) performs infant lifestage-specific exposure and safety assessments during the premarket review of FCNs proposed for use with infant formula or human milk. DFCN previously identified two protocols that may be best suited to support infant safety: the multigenerational developmental and reproductive toxicology (Gen-DART) protocol and the juvenile animal study (JAS) protocol. The Gen-DART protocol tests chemical exposure from prior to mating through one or two generations in rodents, while JAS protocols test a chemical during a specific developmental window. At FDA, Gen-DART studies are currently recommended to support the safety of food additives (FAs), including food contact substances, across lifestages (from conception through adulthood). JAS protocols are recommended in the nonclinical safety assessment of drugs seeking pediatric indications. To improve our recommendations regarding the use of either Gen-DART or JAS protocols for the infant safety assessment of food contact materials, we created a database of FDA-reviewed Gen-DART or JAS. Our database contains information from 41 Gen-DART studies (38 FAs) and 51 JAS (29 drugs). Both protocols can detect toxicity relevant to infant safety assessment, such as developmental toxicity in neurological, endocrine, reproductive, immunological, or skeletal systems. Selection of either protocol will depend on the amount of information available for the chemical under study. The Gen-DART protocol may be preferred when limited data on the mode of action or target organ of the chemical are available. However, if these data are available, a JAS may provide the best assessment of potential juvenile toxicity.
Demographic and Treatment Variables Influencing Outcome for Localized Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma: Results From a Pooled Analysis of North American and European Cooperative Groups
Authors: Walterhouse David O. , Barkauskas Donald A. , Hall David , Ferrari Andrea , De Salvo Gian Luca , Koscielniak Ewa , Stevens Michael C.G. , Martelli Hélène , Seitz Guido , Rodeberg David A. , Shnorhavorian Margarett , Dasgupta Roshni , Breneman John C. , Anderson James R. , Bergeron Christophe , Bisogno Gianni , Meyer William H. , Hawkins Douglas S. , Minard-Colin Veronique
Published: October 2018

Purpose

Treatment recommendations for localized paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma (PT RMS) differ in North America and Europe. We conducted a pooled analysis to identify demographic features and treatment choices that affect outcome.

Patients and Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the effect of nine demographic variables and four treatment choices on event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) from 12 studies conducted by five cooperative groups.

Results

Eight hundred forty-two patients with localized PT RMS who enrolled from 1988 to 2013 were included. Patients age ≥ 10 years were more likely than younger patients to have tumors that were > 5 cm, enlarged nodes (N1), or pathologically involved nodes ( P ≤ .05 each). With a median follow-up of 7.5 years, Kaplan-Meier estimates for 5-year EFS and OS were 87.7% and 94.8%, respectively. Of demographic variables, cooperative group, era of enrollment, age category, tumor size, Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study group, and T stage affected EFS ( P ≤ .05 each). Surgical assessment of regional nodes, which was performed in 23.5% of patients—usually in those age ≥ 10 years or with suspicious or N1 nodes—was the only treatment variable associated with EFS by univariable and multivariable analyses ( P ≤ .05 each) in patients age ≥ 1 year. A variable selection procedure on a proportional hazards regression model selected era of enrollment, age, tumor size, and surgical assessment of regional nodes as significant ( P ≤ .05 each) in the EFS model, and era of enrollment, age, tumor size, and histology ( P ≤ .05 each) in the OS model.

Conclusion

Localized PT RMS has a favorable prognosis. Age ≥ 10 years at diagnosis and tumor size larger than 5 cm are unfavorable prognostic features. Surgical assessment of regional nodes is important in patients age ≥ 10 years and in those with N1 nodes as it affects EFS.
Interfacial microscopic examination and chemical analysis of resin-dentin interface of self-adhering flowable resin composite
Authors: Hamdy Tamer M.
Published: October 2018

Background: The newly introduced self-adhering flowable resin-composites decrease the required time for application by incorporation of an acidic adhesive monomer, thus reducing the number of steps, but its bonding is still uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interfacial microscopic examination and chemical analysis at the resin-dentin interface of a self-adhering flowable resin composite (Vertise™Flow Self-Adhering Flowable Composite, Kerr Dental, USA) versus a total-etch (Te-Econom Plus) resin composite, using an etching agent (Eco-Etch gel) and bonding agent (Single Bond Universal).

Methods: Sixteen freshly extracted sound human posterior teeth were used. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups: 8 specimens per type of composite. Standard-shaped class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface. One group was restored by Te-Econom Plus resin composite by total-etch technique using Eco-Etch gel, which was applied to dentine for 15 seconds, followed by rinsing, drying and bonding agent application (Single Bond Universal). The other group restored directly with self-adhering resin composite (Vertise-Flow) without application of etch or bond. Curing was done for 20 seconds using a light emitting diode light curing unit. Evaluation of the resin-dentin interface was done microscopically by examination of marginal gap distance in μm using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and chemical analysis of silver particles was observed using SEM with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry after 24 hours of specimen storage in ammoniacal silver nitrate.

Results: Regarding marginal gap distance (µm) and silver atomic % mean values, teeth restored with self-adhering resin composite (Vertise-Flow) showed significantly higher mean values than the multi-step etch and rinse resin composite group (5.2 vs 0; 12.2 vs 8.2, respectively).

Conclusions: Resin-dentin bonding using total-etch resin composite technique was more effective than self-adhering flowable resin composite (Vertise-Flow) regarding marginal gap formation and penetration of silver particles. Further studies for bond strength could be performed.
Recent advances in lung transplantation
Authors: Meyer Keith C
Published: October 2018

Lung transplantation can improve quality of life and prolong survival for individuals with end-stage lung disease, and many advances in the realms of both basic science and clinical research aspects of lung transplantation have emerged over the past few decades. However, many challenges must yet be overcome to increase post-transplant survival. These include successfully bridging patients to transplant, expanding the lung donor pool, inducing tolerance, and preventing a myriad of post-transplant complications that include primary graft dysfunction, forms of cellular and antibody-mediated rejection, chronic lung allograft dysfunction, and infections. The goal of this manuscript is to review salient recent and evolving advances in the field of lung transplantation.
Mask ventilation
Authors: Baker Paul
Published: October 2018

Effective mask ventilation is an essential skill for any practitioner engaged in airway management. Recent methods to objectively describe mask ventilation using waveform capnography help practitioners to monitor and communicate the effectiveness of mask ventilation.

Gentle mask ventilation is now considered acceptable during rapid sequence induction/intubation after loss of consciousness, hence reducing the incidence of hypoxia prior to tracheal intubation. Mask ventilation can be enhanced with muscle relaxation, a double C-E grip, and jaw thrust. This is particularly relevant for patients with reduced apnoea time.

An awareness of the complications associated with mask ventilation may help reduce the morbidity associated with this technique. Effective ventilation technique and optimum device selection are important aspects for resuscitation of the newborn. Teaching correct establishment and maintenance of mask ventilation is essential for safe patient care.

This review will examine some of the latest developments concerning mask ventilation for adult and paediatric patients.
On the distribution of the weevil Adosomus roridus (Pallas, 1781) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Lixinae)

Authors: VOLOVNIK SEMYON
Published: October 2018

The paper summarizes original and literature data on the geographical distribution of Adosomus roridus (Pallas, 1781). The major part of the A. roridus range lies within the Eurasian Grass-Steppe. This range has no disjunction in the regions located to the north of the Black Sea. The northern limit of it runs along the line 54°N (East) – 44°N (West). In the latitudinal direction, the species range stretches from Piedmont, Italy (~8°E; Luigioni 1929) to West Kazakhstan. According to the literature sources, A. roridus occurs in xerothermic sunny habitats, life cycle is associated with some Asteraceae (Tanacetum vulgare, Artemisia spp. and possibly Achillea millefolium).
Effects of Dopant Ions on the Properties of Polyaniline Conducting Polymer
Authors: Fisal Alesary Hasan , Khalil Ismail Hani , Fadhil Khudhair Ahmed , Qasim Mohammed Mohammed
Published: October 2018

This work will show, for the first time, the effect of nicotinic acid (NA) and 2-methylnicotinic acid (MNA)on the synthesis and properties of conducting polyaniline (PANI). The work investigates the effects of sulphuric acid (H2SO4), nicotinic acid (NA), and 2-methylnicotinic acid (MNA) on the synthesis and properties of polyaniline. The results show that the preparation of polyaniline from a sulphuric acid electrolyte is faster than the preparation from nicotinic acid and 2- methylnicotinic acid electrolytes. Moreover, the electrical conductivity and thermal stability of PANI/H2SO4 were greater than PANI/NA and PANI/MNA. All the polymers prepared in this study were identified using FT-IR. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to examine the morphologies of the PANI samples, from which it was determined that PANI/H2SO4 has a fibrous and open structure with a higher porosity morphology compared to PANI/NA and PANI/MNA. The electrical conductivities of the PANI samples were measured as 1.09 S cm-1, 0.65 S cm-1 and 0.089 S cm-1 for PANI/H2SO4, PANI/NA and PANI/MNA, respectively. The thermal stability of PANI was examined using the Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) technique. PANI/H2SO4 was found to degrade between 450-500°C, while PANI/NA and PANI/MNA decomposed at temperatures between 300-400°C.
Evaluation of Natural Pigments as Antioxidant and Antibacterial Agents from Tagetes Erecta Flowers Extracts
Authors: Saani Mariya , Lawrence Reena , Lawrence Kapil
Published: October 2018

The present work is designed to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial activity and (TPC) total phenolic content of Tagetes erecta flowers extracts. Antioxidant potential of flowers extracts was examined by applying three different methods. Antibacterial test was determined against gram positive and gram negative bacterium. The ethyl acetate extract had the greater phenolic concentration of 48.2 mg/g GAE followed by methanol extract which was 42.5 mg/g GAE and hexane extract 36.4 mg/g GAE. The ethyl acetate extract was found to be most effective in all the antioxidant methods in correlation with the TPC value. Moreover, all the flowers extracts are significantly effective in both Gram negative and Gram positive bacterium. Tagetes erecta flowers are hopefully considered as a promising source of natural pigments with a scope towards the alternative therapy for treatment of various health problems.
Analysis of Arsenic in Rice in Medan, North Sumatera Indonesia by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer
Authors: Ekayanti Ginting Evi , Silalahi Jansen , Lux Putra Effendy De
Published: October 2018

Arsenic is a toxic element even at low concentration, therefore its presence in rice is a matter of concern for the public health safety. Several studies have reported that rice contain arsenic at high levels. Rice is the staple food in Indonesia with high consumption around 200 – 300 g/day/person, but the investigations on arsenic content in rice has never been done . The aim of this study was to analyze arsenic in rice commonly consumed in Medan. Samples were obtained from 4 traditional markets and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The highest arsenic concentrations were found in inorganic red rice 3.71 mg/kg; organic brown rice 3.40 mg/kg; inorganic white rice 0.33 mg/kg; and organic black rice 0.13 mg/kg. The results of study have shown that the levels of arsenic in rice vary widely.
http://www.orientjchem.org/vol34no5/germanium-nanoparticles-synthesis-in-spark-discharge/
Authors: Mylnikov Dmitry , Lizunova Anna , Borisov Vladislav , Paranin Sergey , Ivanov Viсtor
Published: October 2018

In this paper we present a simple method of Ge nanoparticles synthesis in spark discharge generator (SDG) in pure argon flow. The sizes of the obtained primary particles are in the range of 5-15 nm and particles themselves are combined in agglomerates 80-200 nm in size. Transmission electron microscopy images as well as energy dispersive X-ray analysis and X-Ray diffraction analysis prove that the nanoparticles consist of crystalline germanium. Specific energy consumption of nanoparticle synthesis is 1,37 kW∙h/g.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Electrocardiographic Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Thalassemia Syndrome
Authors: Sastroasmoro Sudigdo , Saputra Deddy Ria , Madiyono Bambang , Oesman Ismet N. , Putra Sukman Tulus
Published: October 2018

We compared the diagnostic accuracy of electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in 119 randomly selected from 400 patients with thalassemia major treated at the Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Indonesia, Jakarta. Echocardiographically derived left ventricular hypertrophy (EchoLVH), both for body surface area (BSA)-indexed and height-indexed, served as the gold standard. There were 57 girls and 62 boys available, ranging in age from 5 to 27 years. ECG criteria for LVH was detected in 23 outof119 patients, while echo-LVH was detected in 47 patients if BSA-indexed LVH was used, or 22 patients if height-indexed LVH was used. The sensitivity and specificity of ECG-LVH were 25.5 and 84.7% respectively if BSA indexed LVH was used as gold standard, or 36.4% and 84.5%, respectively, when height indexed echo-LVH was used. It is concluded that ECG criteria for LVH has a low sensitivity and hjgh specificity in detecting increased left ventricular mass in children with thalassemia major.
Breath Hydrogen Test in Lactose Malabsorption
Authors: Hegar Badriul , Buller Hans A.
Published: October 2018

Lactose is the most important source in mammalian milk. In normal children, Lactose is hydrolyzed by lactase, and directly absorbed into bloodstream by an active transport mechanism. The term of lactose malabsorption is reserved to patients in whom impaired intestinal lactose hydrolysis and uptake has been proven by an appropriate test. The severity of lactose malabsorption and the extent of symptoms vary widely and are the results of several factors such as the amount of ingested lactose, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and colonic flora. The diagnosis of lactose malabsorption is based on clinical findings and the results of appropriate tests. The breath hydrogen test has obvious advantages for pediatric population because it is painless, non-invasive, sensitive and specific. In the absence of bacterial colonization in the small intestine, the elevation of the concentration of hydrogen in the expired air implies the arrival of lactose in the colon. The increasing respiratory excretion of hydrogen is indicative of a deficit of lactase in enterocyte brush border. This test can also be used to show the existence of bacterial growth. Dietary fiber, some drugs, preparation for colonoscopy, colonic pH, and diarrhea can influence the result of breath hydrogen test.
INFLUENCE OF PRINTING AND LOADING DIRECTION ON MECHANICAL RESPONSE IN 3D PRINTED MODELS OF HUMAN TRABECULAR BONE
Authors: Doktor Tomáš , Kumpová Ivana , Wroński Sebastian , Śniechowski Maciej , Tarasiuk Jacek , Forte Giancarlo , Kytýř Daniel
Published: October 2018

The paper deals with investigation on directional variations of mechanical response in 3D printed models of human trabecular bone. Sample of trabecular bone tissue was resected from human donor and 3D model was obtained by X-ray computed tomography. Then a series of cubical samples was prepared by additive manufacturing technique and tested by uniaxial compression loading mode. Mechanical response was compared in nine different combinations of direction of 3D printing and loading direction. The results show neglectible influence on the deformation response in elastic region (stiffness) and significant changes of the behaviour in plastic region (stress and strain at yield point, strain at full collapse).
MECHANICAL MODEL FOR HUMAN BALANCING ON ROLLING BALANCE BOARD
Authors: Molnar Csenge A. , Zelei Ambrus , Insperger Tamas
Published: October 2018

A two-degree-of-freedom mechanical model was developed to analyze human balancing on rolling balance board in the frontal plane. The human nervous system is modeled as a proportionalderivative controller with constant feedback delay. The radius R of the wheels and the board distance h measured from the center of the wheel are adjustable parameters. Simulation results using the mechanical model were compared with real balancing trials recorded by an OptiTrack motion capture system. The goal of the paper is to investigate whether the two-degree-of-freedom model is accurate enough to model the balancing task and to introduce a stabilometry parameter in order to characterize balancing skill in case of different set of R and h. The conclusion is that the angle of the upper body and the angle of the head also play an important role in the balancing process therefore a three- or four-degree-of-freedom model is more appropriate.
NUMERICAL MODELLING OF COMPRESSIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF AUXETIC STRUCTURES
Authors: Neuhäuserová Michaela , Koudelka Petr
Published: October 2018

The paper is focused on numerical analysis of mechanical behaviour of auxetic structures with re-entrant tetrakaidecahedral unit cell subjected to uni-axial quasi-static compression. The mechanical behaviour was evaluated inversely with respect to selected geometrical parameters of the unit cell and two different loading modes. Finite element method was used for the numerical analysis of the problem. A set of fully parametric tools has been developed, which enabled automated execution and evaluation of virtual experiments. From results of the simulations, Young’s modulus, the characteristics of the Poisson’s ratio function, and the deformation energy density were estimated. The relation between these characteristics and geometry of the unit cell, particularly the re-entrant angle and the relative density, was evaluated. Results of the numerical simulations for the unit cell and representative volume element of its three-dimensional periodic assembly are presented.
MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF LATTICE STRUCTURES USING VARIOUS MATERIAL MODELS FOR POLYMERIC MATERIALS
Authors: Lehner Kerstin , Kalteis Anna , Major Zoltan
Published: October 2018

Based on lightweight design concepts, lattices are increasingly considered as internal structures. This work deals with the simulation of periodically constructed lattices to characterize their behaviour under different loadings considering various material models. A thermo-mechanical analysis was done, which is resulting in negative CLTE-values (Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion). Simulations with linear-elastic behaviour were evaluated regarding the tensile, compression and shear modulus and the Poisson’s ratio. Some of the investigated structures behave auxetic. Beside the linear elastic behaviour, also the hyper-elastic and visco-elastic behaviour of some structures were investigated. Furthermore, elasto-plastic simulations were performed where the applied loading was biaxial. As a result the initial yield surfaces were presented. The individual RVEs (Representative Volume Elements) can be utilized for different areas of application dependent on the used materials.
Achtung Plastik! Wie Verbraucher(innen) beim Einkaufen Plastikmüll reduzieren können
Authors: Decker Thomas
Published: October 2018

Das Plastikproblem und die damit verbundenen Umweltauswirkungen werden von der Öffentlichkeit rege diskutiert. Wie Plastik schon beim Einkaufen von Lebensmitteln und Kleidung vermieden werden kann, untersucht das Projekt Verbraucherreaktionen bei Plastik und dessen Vermeidungsmöglichkeiten
am Point of Sale, das im Rahmen der Sozial-ökologischen Forschung vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung gefördert wird.
Umwelt und Gesundheit im Kontext der Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Tretter Felix , Simon Karl-Heinz , Böse-O’Reilly Stephan , Goepel Eberhard , Soentgen Jens
Published: October 2018

Umwelt- und Nachhaltigkeitsprobleme sind oft eng mit Gesundheitsfragen verknüpft. Die Skizze benennt einige davon und weist auf Forschungslücken und Themen hin, die aus humanökologischer Sicht wichtig erscheinen.
An assesment on the basal metabolic rate according to chosen variables
Bazal metabolizma hizinin seçilmiş değişkenlere göre değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Temur H. Bayram
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR), gender, height, body weight, age, body fat mass, lean body mass, right and left leg soft lean mass in 8-13-year old. A total of 98 people were included in the study, of which 66 were female and 32 were male. Subjects, ages, height lengths, body weights were determined. In addition, BMR, body fat mass (BFM), lean body mass (LBM), and right and left leg soft fat mass (SFM) values of the subjects were determined by Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). The statistical analysis of the data was based on the independent sample t test for the comparison of the two groups of data and the one-way ANOVA for the analysis of the groups with more than two samples. As a result of the analysis, changes in some selected variables of Basal Metabolism Rate of the participants were observed and a statistically significant result was determined. As a result, it can be said that BMH is faster in males than females and increases with age. It was also observed that the increase in height, body weight, body fat mass, lean body mass, right and left leg soft lean mass affects BMR positively.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetBu çalışmayla, 8 - 13 yaş arası bireylerde bazal metabolizma hızının(BMH), cinsiyet, boy, vücut ağırlığı, yaş, vücut yağ kütlesi, yağsız vücut kütlesi, sağ ve sol bacak yumuşak yağsız kütle ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmaya 66’sı kadın, 32'si erkek olmak üzere toplam 98 kişi dahil edildi. Deneklerin, yaşları, boy uzunlukları, vücut ağırlıkları belirlendi. Ayrıca deneklerin BMH, Vücut yağ kütlesi (VYK), yağsız vücut kütlesi (YVK) ve sağ ve sol bacak yumuşak yağsız kütle (YYK) değerleri Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) cihazı ile saptandı. Verilerin istatistiksel analizin de iki grup olan verilerin karşılaştırılmasında indepentend sample t testi, ikiden fazla olan grupların analizinde ise One-way ANOVA kullanıldı. Analiz sonucunda katılımcıların Bazal Metabolizma Hızının Seçilmiş bazı değişkenler üzerinde değişiklikler görülmüş olup istatiksel olarak anlamlı bir sonuç tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, BMH' nın erkeklerde kadınlardan daha hızlı olduğunu, yaş ilerledikçe arttığı söylenebilir. Ayrıca boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, vücut yağ kütlesi, yağsız vücut kütlesi, sağ ve sol bacak yumuşak yağsız kütlesindeki artışın BMH'yi olumlu yönde etkilediği görüldü.
Reviewing assertiveness level of elite male and female Athletes in Different Sports Branches
Authors: Keskin Özlem , Demir Ayşe , Şenol Buket
Published: October 2018

The purpose of this research was to review the assertiveness levels of elite level athletes who study in İstanbul Aydın University and play different sports. For this purpose, the survey model was used in the study. A total of 121 students including 36 female (age average x=20,11±1,83) and 85 male (age average x=20,34±2,47) volunteered for this study. Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAE) that was developed by A.S Rathus (1973) was used as data collection tool to determine the assertiveness levels of participants (Voltan 1980). Adaption works for Turkish of this schedule was performed by Nilüfer Voltan Acar (1980). Independent T-test and One Way ANOVA Test in SPSS 24.0 packaged software were used in statistical analyses of the data obtained. It was found at the end of the research that the assertiveness level of 19 students is at timidity level, the assertiveness level of 102 students is at an aggressive level. While there were no statistically significant differences in variables of gender, branch, income level and educational background of the parent; there was found statistically significant difference by evaluation based on age ranges.
O prawie i sądach w dawnej Polsce. Refleksje nad monografią Adama Moniuszki Mazowieckie sądy ziemskie (1588-1648). Organizacja – funkcjonowanie – postępowanie, wyd. Capidoglio, Warszawa 2013, ss. 364
Authors: Naworski Zbigniew
Published: October 2018

Niedawno ukazały się trzy świetne monografie dotyczące prawa Rzeczypospolitej szlacheckiej, których autorami są młodzi i bardzo młodzi badacze, co pozwala żywić nadzieję na kontynuację badań ich starszych kolegów. Konstatacja ta dotyczy opisywanej tu, a wydanej niecałe dwa lata temu monografi i Adama Moniuszki. Refleksje na temat tej pracy wynikają nie tylko z zainteresowańpiszącego te słowa, ale także z faktu, że problematyka w niej poruszana, a także wysoki poziom merytoryczny wzbudziły duże zainteresowanie, choć doczekała się ona jednej tylko krótkiej recenzji, co prawda na łamach prestiżowych „Krakowskich Studiów z Historii Państwa i Prawa”
Z dziejów francuskiego prawa cywilnego. „Rozporządzenia” pierwszego prezydenta Parlamentu paryskiego Guillaume’a de Lamoignona
Authors: Klimaszewska Anna
Published: October 2018

Niniejsza publikacja ma natomiast na celu wykazanie, że już w XVII w. prowadzone były w zakresie prawa cywilnego materialnego prace kodyﬁkacyjne. W ich efekcie opracowano projekt kompleksowego i nowatorsko usystematyzowanego aktu prawnego, który mógł z powodzeniem pełnić rolę kodeksu cywilnego. Nie doczekał się on wprawdzie promulgacji, niemniej jednak korzystał z niego w XVIII w. kanclerz H.F. d’Aguesseau w pracach nad swoimi ordonansami, które następnie zostały inkorporowane do treści Kodeksu cywilnego z 1804 r. Korzystała z tego projektu także sama komisja napoleońska J.É.M. Portalisa, a wiele jego postanowień zostało później skopiowanych w Kodeksie Napoleona.
"Więzienie w Mrowinie w latach 1933-1969"
Authors: Bedyński Krystian
Published: October 2018

Od listopada 1918 r. nowo organizowane więziennictwo polskie za jedno z podstawowych zadań uznało maksymalne zatrudnianie więźniów. Ekonomiczny aspekt tego procesu uzasadniano koniecznością zapewnienia zakładom więziennym środków materialnych i żywności. Starano się zatem uruchamiać i wykorzystywać pozostawioną przez zaborców bazę produkcyjną i usługową, a także wykorzystywać należącą do większości więzień ziemię, ogrody i sady, aby czerpać stamtąd jak najwięcej artykułów żywnościowych. Przykładem takiej jednostki byłop podpoznańskie Mrowino.
Iussum patris dominive. Reﬂ eksje na temat rozprawy Aldony Rity Jurewicz pt. Pater familias dominusve iussit. Umowy władzy na podstawie polecenia zwierzchnika, Olsztyn 2015, ss. 379
Authors: Sobczyk Marek
Published: October 2018

Polska romanistyka prawnicza wzbogaciła się ostatnio o pracę Aldony Rity Jurewicz pt. Pater familias dominusve iussit. Umowy zawierane z podległymi władzy na podstawie polecenia zwierzchnika (Olsztyn 2015, ss. 379), stanowiącą rozprawę habilitacyjną i zarazem tzw. osiągnięcie naukowe wymagane dla uzyskania stopnia doktora habilitowanego. Ze względu na formalną rangę i wartość merytoryczną tej monograﬁ i warto jej poświęcić parę uwag, mających po części charakter recenzji i po części polemiki z poglądami Autorki.
O „konieczności historycznej” pisania nowych podręczników z doktryn politycznych. Rozważania wokół książki Andrzeja Bednarza O ideach politycznych – ich historii i aktualności. Podręcznik akademicki, Kielce 2015, ss. 303
Authors: Citkowska - Kimla Anna
Published: October 2018

Pretekstem do rozważenia kwestii rudymentarnej, czy warto pisać nowe podręczniki z historii idei, stała się publikacja Andrzeja Bednarza O ideach politycznych – ich historii i aktualności, wydana w Kielcach w 2015 roku. Zacznijmy od rzeczy fundamentalnej, dlaczego stawiam w tytule tezę (jedynie językowo, nie merytorycznie nawiązującą do słynnych słów Karola Marksa) o „konieczności historycznej” pisania nowych podręczników z historii idei? Odpowiedź jest następująca i stanowi jednocześnie tezę rozważań.
Zmiany w prawie Prus Krzyżackich po wojnie trzynastoletniej. O dokumencie wielkiego mistrza Marcina Truchsessa dla rycerstwa posiadającego dobra na prawie magdeburskim dla obojga płci z 1487 r.
Authors: Białuński Grzegorz
Published: October 2018

Prawo magdeburskie w Prusach stosowane w nadaniach ziemskich pojawiło się z w czwartym dziesięcioleciu XIV w. w czasach wielkiego mistrza Dytryka von Altenburga. Przy tym powstało ono nie w Magdeburgu a na Śląsku i Morawach, a jego twórcą był biskup ołomuniecki Bruno von Schaumburg (1245-1281). W Prusach Zakon przyjął podobne zasady, tylko początkowo ograniczając dziedziczenie do męskich krewnych. W XV w. władze Zakonu zmieniły jednak stanowisko, przyjęły, że dobra magdeburskie są lennami i dlatego starały się rozszerzyć swoje uprawnienia
Przekształcenia w powszechnym wymiarze sprawiedliwości w Polsce w latach 1944-1956
Authors: Romanowska Elżbieta
Published: October 2018

W niniejszym tekście pragnę przedstawić te zagadnienia w oparciu o nowe materiały źródłowe, które pogłębiają naszą wiedzę na ten temat, jak również prowadzą do poznania losów zawodowych przedstawicieli wymiaru sprawiedliwości. Celem szkicu jest ukazanie tylko tych regulacji prawnych, które dotyczyły sprawności procedury sądowej, jej kierunku i mechanizmu działania i miały zasadnicze znaczenie dla realizacji zadań, jakie nowa władza postawiła przed wymiarem sprawiedliwości w Polsce w latach 1944-1956.
Trudne początki. Organizacja Sądu Okręgowego w Zielonej Górze w pierwszych latach po zakończeniu II wojny światowej
Authors: Siemaszko Karol
Published: October 2018

Przed 1945 r. organizację sądownictwa na obszarach przyłączonych do Polski po zakończeniu II wojny światowej określała pruska ustawa z 27 stycznia 1877 r. o organizacji sądownictwa.W Zielonej Górze funkcjonował wówczas jedynie sąd obwodowy. Po zakończeniu działań wojennych i przyłączeniu tych obszarów do państwa polskiego rozpoczęto budowę polskiego wymiaru sprawiedliwości. Ostatecznie na obszarze dzisiejszego województwa lubuskiego powołano do życia trzy sądy okręgowe: w Gorzowie Wielkopolskim, Zielonej Górze oraz w Głogowie z siedzibą w Nowej Soli
Das Familienfideikommiss in der ungarischen Rechtsordnung und seine Auflösung in der ersten Tschechoslowakischen Republik zwischen zwei Weltkriegen
Authors: Švecová Adriana , Laclavíková Miriam
Published: October 2018

Czechoslovak legislation efficiently abolished the old privileges of the nobility in the interwar period. The abolishment pertained not only to the personal privileges but also to the marital property. It was a consequence of the abolition of the nobility as well as of the noble ranks and decorations in accordance with the 1924 act. The fee tail was among the repealed private law institutions which were connected with the privileged status of the nobility. It is common knowledge that the fee tail was one of the special forms of securing the property of the nobility which was accomplished through complexinheritance law. Its abolition was supposed to be connected with the political and social program of the Czechoslovak government. The aim of the changes was to implement a new and fairer division of land ownership. The following study aims its attention in the direction of the genesis of the fee tail on the lands of the former Kingdom of Hungary and its evolution in the Czechoslovak Republic. The present deliberations are based on the rich legal literature on the subject. Furthermore, the aim was to present the legal institution which occupied a central position in the system of property law, inheritance law and family law.
Bronisław Łagowski o prawidłach polityki
Authors: Antipow Emil
Published: October 2018

This paper presents the rules and principles which govern politics as depicted by Bronisław Łagowski, one of the most prominent Polish political philosophers. He constantly declares his position as a political realist and he interprets Polish political events from this point of view. The foundation of such an interpretation of politics is an anthropological assumption of human imperfection which is a crucial component of political realism as well as a great source of support for his opinions in history and in cultural achievements. The following principles were included among the presented rules of politics: the principle of protection of citizens by public authority, a restriction of will of the governing authorities by law, the so-called rule of expiration, an inability to justify some events after many years, the problem of social subjectivity, an inability to forgive on behalf of the whole nation, the problem of international claims as well as territorial changes after the Second World War. All of these elements were assumed as the basis of Polish politics.
Organizacja pracy więźniów w Królestwie Polskim w latach 1815-1867
Authors: Bieda Justyna
Published: October 2018

The convicts’ obligation to perform prison labour as an additional form of punishment beyond imprisonment appeared for the first time in the 16th century together with the creation of houses of correction. In the 19th century, statutory law pertaining to labour was regulated in many European penal codes. This concept was also included in the criminal legislation which was in force in the Kingdom of Poland, i.e. in the Penal Code (in forcesince 1818) and in the Code of Major and Correctional Punishments (since 1848). Initially, the work carried out by the prisoners in the Kingdom of Poland was primarily fiscal in nature. The purpose of the labour was for the prisoners to, at least partially, earn a living. However, the penitentiary concepts which began to emerge from the 1930s onwards also started to notice the educational and resocialization value of convict labour. At first, theprisoners were mainly engaged in public works. And later, after 1832, they were put to work in prison workshops and factories. Moreover, they performed services for the benefit of private individuals. The Penal Code obliged the prisoners to work in case of convicts placed in prisons and jails. The Code of Major and Correctional Punishments, which was in force since 1848, maintained the prison labour obligation of the convicts’ sentenced toimprisonment. This additional sanction was connected with the punishment of imprisonment in detention centres and it was also connected with being detained in workhouses or in houses of correction. People sentenced to lighter punishments and those temporarily deprived of liberty were free from penal labour.
Organizacja więziennictwa polskiego (1918-1939)
Authors: Chmielewski Krzysztof , Pająk Maciej
Published: October 2018

Recovering after the partition period, the Polish state faced many challenges and one of them definitely was the penitentiary policy. Among the legacies of the period of partition were three different prison systems and different regulations in the field of penitentiary law. The main task of the Polish legislator was to unify the national prison system by taking into account not only the specificity of the existing solutions but also the achievementsof the contemporary penitentiary. The purpose of the paper is to present the history of the organization of the Polish prison system between 1918 and 1939 in more detail. It is necessary to describe the political situation in the Polish lands during the final years of the First World War which significantly influenced the different character of the institutions in the Polish territories.The reflections on the organization of the Polish prisons during the interwar period will be centered around the following issues: taking over prisons by the Polish authorities, systematic unification of the structure of the prison system, prison stratification, the legal status of the prison staff, the education system of prison officers as well as the system of supervision of the execution of prison sentences. The literature on the subject highlights the importance of the international penitentiary congresses for the development of the penitentiary law in the interwar period. The contribution of the Polish delegations to the works of the London, Prague and Berlincongresses was significant. Taking into account the importance of the resolutions of the congresses, the paper will present the participation of Poles in the debates. Research methodology is based on the analysis of normative acts devoted to the organization of the Polish prison system between 1918 and 1939. The following are among the analyzed elements: the decree on the provisional prison regulations of the 8th of February1919, the regulation by the President of the Republic of Poland on the organization of the prison system of the 7th of March 1928, the regulation by the Minister of Justice on the rules and regulations of the prison system of the 20th of June 1931, the regulation by the President of the Republic of Poland on the Prison Guard of the 23rd of August 1932, and the act on the organization of the prisoner system of the 26th of July 1939. Memories ofpersons involved in prison activity and publications pertaining to penitentiary law issues from the interwar period were also used to prepare this article.
Rosyjskie czynniki rządowe wobec reformy szkolnej Aleksandra Wielopolskiego w świetle petersburskiego rękopisu ekspertyzy prawnej zatytułowanej Uwagi nad projektem stworzenia instytucji naukowych w Królestwie Polskim opublikowanym w polskiej gazecie »Dziennik Powszechny«
Authors: Szpoper Dariusz
Published: October 2018

A bill concerning public education together with an accompanying explanatory statement were created between June and October 1861. The aforementioned bill and justification were created under the direction of count Alexander Wielopolski, marquis Gonzaga-Myszkowski, the Presiding Chief Director in the Governmental Committee of Faith and Public Enlightenment of the Kingdom of Poland. Both of these documents were published on the pages of a newspaper entitled “Public Daily” (Polish Dziennik Powszechny) in Warsaw. The Russian authorities in Saint Petersburg ordered a legal opinion to be drawn up in November-December of 1861. Its contents were used to analyze the proposed education reform in the Kingdom of Poland.
Polska godność narodowa w świetle prawa karnego
Authors: Kulesza Witold
Published: October 2018

Poland is contemporarily the only country in Europe where the law includes criminal liability for publically defaming the nation or for being disrespectful towards it. This makes the national dignity an independent legal interest. Consequently, it seems worthwhile to pay attention to the origins of the regulations which protect this particular legal interest which were introduced into the Polish law in 1932. Moreover, it creates the need for a commentary on the statutory description of the acts which break the law. It also necessitates the portrayal of the issues created on the grounds of the practical application of the sanctionative norms in the modern world. Historical roots are the reason behind the way national dignity is currently perceived and felt. Furthermore, the historical experiences determine the direction of the interpretation of the applicable law which protects the nation’s dignity. To put it in other words, the present-day interpretation of the penalnorms is based on public history and as such it constitutes the historical interpretation which leads to a prescriptive understanding of the semantics of these terms. The aforementioned contemporary interpretation seeks to answer the question what type of behaviour is characterised by the perpetration of “disrespect”. Furthermore, it aims to answer whichacts can be defined as a show of contempt which is equal to “defaming” the Polish nation. Consequently, the objective of the following article is to look at the contemporary law through the historically determined prism of symbolic criminalization of behaviours which attack Polish national dignity as well as to give examples of modern incriminating public statements. The provisions of criminal law which stipulate criminal liability for public defamation and disrespecting the nation have not changed since it was introduced into the Polish law. Despite this fact, the current assessment of behaviour as a violation of the nation’s dignity is influenced by the tragic 20th-century history and its memory as a legal interest. In the course of the study of the specific instances of behaviour which were not anticipated by the pre-war legislator, one needs to attempt to point to the reasons behind preserving their punishability.
Prawo karne Królestwa Polskiego w latach 1815−1905 a sprawowanie kultu religijnego
Authors: Ludwiczak Paweł
Published: October 2018

The article pertains to the law in force in the Kingdom of Poland between 1815 and 1905. Furthermore, it indicates the changes which were brought about by the liberalization of statutes and regulations concerning faith in 1906. The main aim is to familiarize readers with the contemporary criminal law pertaining strictly to conducting private and public services as well as to draw attention to regulations delineating missionary work. The paper is general in character because presenting a detailed picture of each faith with an enumerationof their legal, civil and political limitations is a topic for a more comprehensive study.
Edukacyjna bańka? Zadłużenie amerykańskich studentów a wyzwania polityki wobec szkolnictwa wyższego
Authors: Rybkowski Radosław
Published: October 2018

Od roku 2004 łączne zadłużenie Amerykanów z tytułu zaciągniętych kredytów studenckich wzrosło o ponad bilion dolarów. „Edukacyjna bańka”, jak bywa określane to zjawisko, stało się dla uczelnianej administracji i dla polityków problemem, który wymaga interwencji władz publicznych. Przedstawiana w artykule problematyka jest warta zainteresowania, bo stanowi bardzo dobrą ilustrację czterech głównych problemów: definiowania polityki wobec szkolnictwa wyższego jako części szerszej polityki publicznej; wykorzystania kredytów studenckich jako metody wspierania dostępności do wyższej edukacji; obecności i znaczenia dyskursu (i analizy dyskursu) w tworzeniu i badaniu polityki wobec szkolnictwa wyższego; oraz znaczenia badań innych systemów szkolnictwa wyższego dla przygotowania skutecznych polskich rozwiązań. Budowanie polityki opartej na dowodach (evidence-based policy) oznacza także konieczność krytycznej oceny rozwiązań przyjętych za granicą, by móc zrozumieć przyczyny tamtejszych sukcesów i niepowodzeń. Także i po to, by przekonać się o tym, czego należy unikać.