bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data‐Driven Robust Optimization of the Vehicle Routing Problem with Uncertain Customers
Authors: Zhang Jingling , Sun Yusu , Feng Qinbing , Zhao Yanwei , Wang Zheng
Published: October 2022

With the increasing proportion of the logistics industry in the economy, the study of the vehicle routing problem has practical significance for economic development. Based on the vehicle routing problem (VRP), the customer presence probability data are introduced as an uncertain random parameter, and the VRP model of uncertain customers is established. By optimizing the robust uncertainty model, combined with a data‐driven kernel density estimation method, the distribution feature set of historical data samples can then be fitted, and finally, a distributed robust vehicle routing model for uncertain customers is established. The Q‐learning algorithm in reinforcement learning is introduced into the high‐level selection strategy using the hyper‐heuristic algorithm, and a hyper‐heuristic algorithm based on the Q‐learning algorithm is designed to solve the problem. Compared with the certain method, the distributed robust model can effectively reduce the total cost and the robust conservatism while ensuring customer satisfaction. The improved algorithm also has good performance.
[Retracted] Development and Optimization of a Prognostic Model Associated with Stemness Genes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Kefen , Xie Kaisheng , Huo Xin , Liu Lianlian , Liu Jilin , Zhang Chao , Wang Jun
Published: October 2022

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide, which is associated with a variety of risk factors. Cancer stem cells are self‐renewal cells, which can promote the occurrence and metastasis of tumors and enhance the drug resistance of tumor treatment. This study aimed to develop a stemness score model to assess the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients for the optimization of treatment. The single‐cell sequencing data GSE149614 was downloaded from the GEO database. Then, we compared the gene expression of hepatic stem cells and other hepatocytes in tumor samples to screen differentially expressed genes related to stemness. R package “clusterProfiler” was used to explore the potential function of stemness‐related genes. We then constructed a prognostic model using LASSO regression analysis based on the TCGA and GSE14520 cohorts. The associations of stemness score with clinical features, drug sensitivity, gene mutation, and tumor immune microenvironment were further explored. R package “rms” was used to construct the nomogram model. A total of 18 stemness‐related genes were enrolled to construct the prognosis model. Kaplan‐Meier analysis proved the good performance of the stemness score model at predicting overall survival (OS) of HCC patients. The stemness score was closely associated with clinical features, drug sensitivity, and tumor immune microenvironment of HCC. The infiltration level of CD8+ T cells was lower, and tumor‐associated macrophages were higher in patients with high‐stemness score, indicating an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Our study established an 18 stemness‐related gene model that reliably predicts OS in HCC. The findings may help clarify the biological characteristics and progression of HCC and help the future diagnosis and therapy of HCC.
Effects of Neurodynamic Mobilization on Health‐Related Quality of Life and Cervical Deep Flexors Endurance in Patients of Cervical Radiculopathy: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Rafiq Shazia , Zafar Hamayun , Gillani Syed Amir , Waqas Muhammad Sharif , Liaqat Sidrah , Zia Amna , Rafiq Yasir
Published: October 2022

Purpose. Cervical radiculopathy is disorder of cervical spinal nerve root affecting large number of population. Previously many studies are conducted to design suitable protocol for management of this disorder, but they lack in quality. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of neural mobilization and cervical isometrics on health‐related quality of life and deep flexors endurance in cervical radiculopathy. Methods. A double‐blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted at Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Eighty‐eight patients within the age range of 35‐50 years were included in the study after taking their consent. In the experimental group (n = 44), median nerve mobilization was applied along with cervical isometric exercises. The control group (n = 44) performed cervical isometric exercises alone. Muscle endurance was measured by craniocervical flexion test and quality of life on 36 items short form health survey SF‐36 scale. Measurements were taken at baseline, at 2nd week, and at 4th week. For missing data, intention‐to‐treat analysis was used. Results. Within‐group comparison with Friedman test showed a significant difference between pre, mid, and posttreatment scores on craniocervical flexion test and in all domains of SF 36 in both groups. While between‐group comparison with Mann–Whitney U test showed all variables were similar at baseline but after 4 weeks there was a statistically significant improvement in craniocervical flexion test scores and all domains of SF 36 in the experimental group. But domain of pain showed mean rank of 49.43 after 4 weeks in the experimental group and 39.57 in the control group with p = 0.065 and d = 0.579, while for all the other 7 domains values were p < .05 and d > 0.25. Conclusion. Neural mobilization combined with cervical isometrics shows significant effects in improving quality of life and deep flexors endurance in patients with cervical radiculopathy than cervical isometrics alone.
An Empirical Study on the Digital Display Design of Intangible Cultural Heritages Based on Audience Satisfaction
Authors: Zhang Lei , Fu Di , Zhao Jinlong
Published: October 2022

How the audience perceive the display of intangible cultural heritages (ICHs) and what are their psychological needs of ICH display are of great value to the display design of ICHs. This article carries out a questionnaire survey on the audience of the “Splendid China” ICH costume show and empirically analyzes the survey results. After constructing the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI), the authors classified the psychological needs of customers for the on‐site display of ICHs through analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and factor analysis, conducted the theoretical discussion, and verified the results with actual data. The research explores how should the digital display of ICHs be designed to satisfy the audience and provides a reference for China’s ICH display designers. The research shows that the construction of a public satisfaction evaluation model for the digital display of ICHs is the key to satisfaction evaluation, there is ample room to improve public satisfaction with the digital display of ICHs, the dissemination of ICH can be strengthened through model construction, and personalized service is an effective way to promote the digital development of ICHs.
On the Training Mode of Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents in Higher Vocational Finance and Economics Professional Groups under the Background of “Big Wisdom and Cloud”
Authors: Liu Hui
Published: October 2022

The arrival of the era of “big wisdom and cloud” has promoted the restructuring of the industrial system, and the development of the new economy has also brought new changes to the demand for financial and business professionals. With the change of the employment market, the training objectives of financial and business professionals are also changing day by day. Practical teaching is becoming more and more important in the training of financial and business professionals. “Employment” in people’s livelihood has been identified as the main goal of government work. As the main source of economic restructuring, “mass innovation and mass entrepreneurship” has successfully integrated the spirit of innovation into all fields of society. Entrepreneurship has attracted the attention of the whole society. Under the influence of policy factors and various factors during the entrepreneurship period, the source and connotation of China’s entrepreneurship policy have changed significantly. On the basis of summarizing the practical teaching modes of foreign finance and economics majors, this study introduces the training objectives, conditions, and curriculum settings of the practical teaching of finance and economics majors in higher vocational colleges. This paper designs a recommendation algorithm for innovation and entrepreneurship talent training model based on potential Dirichlet distribution (LDA) theme model and alternating least squares (ALS) collaborative filtering, which not only improves the accuracy of the recommendation results of talent training model but also improves the accuracy of the recommendation results of talent training model. On the premise of stable recommendation, the diversity of recommendation results has increased, which meets the needs of innovative and entrepreneurial talent training of higher vocational finance and economics majors under the background of “great wisdom and cloud” and provides a certain reference for the practical teaching reform of higher vocational finance and economics majors in China. The cultivation of compound talents is of great significance to the development of professionals in modern multimedia and advanced e-commerce industries.
The Effectiveness and Safety of Abelmoschus manihot in Treating IgA Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jia Qi , Guo Jing , Cai Yuzi , Huang Weijun , Zhu Zebing , Xia Chenhui , Guo Keting , Shang Hongcai , Liu Yuning , Liu Weijing
Published: October 2022

Introduction. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common issue. In China, Abelmoschus manihot (AM) is widely used in the treatment of IgAN. However, their combined effectiveness and safety for this purpose have not yet been explored. AM is an effective medicine for treating IgAN. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of AM for IgAN. Materials and Methods. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database (AMED), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technique Journals Database (VIP), and the Wanfang Database were searched from their inceptions to June 2021. Random clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of AM treatment in patients with IgAN were included. The study evaluated the efficacy or effectiveness of AM for IgAN and had clear outcome data, such as total effectiveness rate or proteinuria. Results. A total of 11 RCTs with 850 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that, compared with that of the conventional therapy alone, being combined with conventional treatment was significantly more effective for the total efficacy rate (OR = 4.33; 95% CI = 2.66, 7.04;

P
<
0.00001

) and proteinuria (MD = −0.41 g/24 h; 95% CI = −0.44, −0.38;

P
<
0.00001

) but had no effect on serum creatinine (Scr) (MD = −2.23 μmol/L; 95% CI = −5.90, 1.45;

P
=
0.24

), eGFR (MD = −0.45 mL/min·1.73 m2; 95% CI = −1.24, 2.13;

P
=
0.60

), Bun (MD = −0.22 mmol/L; 95% CI = −0.59, 0.14;

P
=
0.23

), systolic blood pressure (MD = −0.04 mmHg; 95% CI = −2.59, 2.51;

P
=
0.98

), diastolic blood pressure (MD = −0.34 mmHg, 95% CI = −1.65, 2.33;

P
=
0.74

), systolic blood pressure (MD = −0.04 mmHg, 95% CI = −2.59, 2.51;

P
=
0.98

), or serum albumin (MD = 1.70 g/L, 95% CI = −1.06, 4.45;

P
=
0.23

). Conclusions. AM provided additional benefits to proteinuria individuals with IgAN. However, due to the high clinical heterogeneity and small sample size of the included trials, future studies should conduct more rigorous RCTs on the clinical efficacy and safety of AM and RCTs with a larger sample size involving multicenters.
NOTCH Signaling Limits the Response of Low-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancers to MEK Inhibition
Authors: Llaurado Fernandez Marta , Hijmans E. Marielle , Gennissen Annemiek M.C. , Wong Nelson K.Y. , Li Shang , Wisman G. Bea A. , Hamilton Aleksandra , Hoenisch Joshua , Dawson Amy , Lee Cheng-Han , Bittner Madison , Kim Hannah , DiMattia Gabriel E. , Lok Christianne A.R. , Lieftink Cor , Beijersbergen Roderick L. , de Jong Steven , Carey Mark S. , Bernards René , Berns Katrien
Published: October 2022

Low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) is a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer with high fatality rates in advanced stages due to its chemoresistant properties. LGSOC is characterized by activation of MAPK signaling, and recent clinical trials indicate that the MEK inhibitor (MEKi) trametinib may be a good treatment option for a subset of patients. Understanding MEKi-resistance mechanisms and subsequent identification of rational drug combinations to suppress resistance may greatly improve LGSOC treatment strategies. Both gain-of-function and loss-of-function CRISPR-Cas9 genome-wide libraries were used to screen LGSOC cell lines to identify genes that modulate the response to MEKi. Overexpression of MAML2 and loss of MAP3K1 were identified, both leading to overexpression of the NOTCH target HES1, which has a causal role in this process as its knockdown reversed MEKi resistance. Interestingly, increased HES1 expression was also observed in selected spontaneous trametinib-resistant clones, next to activating MAP2K1 (MEK1) mutations. Subsequent trametinib synthetic lethality screens identified SHOC2 downregulation as being synthetic lethal with MEKis. Targeting SHOC2 with pan-RAF inhibitors (pan-RAFis) in combination with MEKi was effective in parental LGSOC cell lines, in MEKi-resistant derivatives, in primary ascites cultures from patients with LGSOC, and in LGSOC (cell line–derived and patient-derived) xenograft mouse models. We found that the combination of pan-RAFi with MEKi downregulated HES1 levels in trametinib-resistant cells, providing an explanation for the synergy that was observed. Combining MEKis with pan-RAFis may provide a promising treatment strategy for patients with LGSOC, which warrants further clinical validation.
GOT2: An Unexpected Mediator of Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Nwosu Zeribe C. , Pasca di Magliano Marina
Published: October 2022

In this issue, Abrego and colleagues describe an unexpected role for the mitochondrial enzyme glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT2) in pancreatic cancer, whereby it acts as a nuclear fatty acid transporter binding to and activating the PPARδ nuclear receptor. In turn, the GOT2–PPARδaxis drives immunosuppression by suppressing T cell–mediated antitumor immunity.

See related article by Abrego et al., p. 2414 (3).
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging: Diagnostic Pathways and Metabolites for Renal Tumor Entities
Authors: Erlmeier Franziska , Sun Na , Shen Jian , Feuchtinger Annette , Buck Achim , Prade Verena M. , Kunzke Thomas , Schraml Peter , Moch Holger , Autenrieth Michael , Weichert Wilko , Hartmann Arndt , Walch Axel
Published: October 2022

Background: Correct tumor subtyping of primary renal tumors is essential for treatment decision in daily routine. Most of the tumors can be classified based on morphology alone. Nevertheless, some diagnoses are difficult, and further investigations are needed for correct tumor subtyping. Besides histochemical investigations, high-mass-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) can detect new diagnostic biomarkers and hence improve the diagnostic. Patients and Methods: Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue specimens from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC, n = 552), papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC, n = 122), chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC, n = 108), and renal oncocytoma (rO, n = 71) were analyzed by high-mass-resolution MALDI fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) MSI. The SPACiAL pipeline was executed for automated co-registration of histological and molecular features. Pathway enrichment and pathway topology analysis were performed to determine significant differences between RCC subtypes. Results: We discriminated the four histological subtypes (ccRCC, pRCC, chRCC, and rO) and established the subtype-specific pathways and metabolic profiles. rO showed an enrichment of pentose phosphate, taurine and hypotaurine, glycerophospholipid, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, fructose and mannose, glycine, serine, and threonine pathways. ChRCC is defined by enriched pathways including the amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, fructose and mannose, glycerophospholipid, taurine and hypotaurine, glycine, serine, and threonine pathways. Pyrimidine, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar, glycerophospholipids, and glutathione pathways are enriched in ccRCC. Furthermore, we detected enriched phosphatidylinositol and glycerophospholipid pathways in pRCC. Conclusion: In summary, we performed a classification system with a mean accuracy in tumor discrimination of 85.13%. Furthermore, we detected tumor-specific biomarkers for the four most common primary renal tumors by MALDI-MSI. This method is a useful tool in differential diagnosis and biomarker detection.
The Effect of Coffee Consumption after Colorectal Surgery on Bowel Movements and Duration of Hospital Stay
Authors: Bildirici Ciğdem , Rencüzoğulları Ahmet , Kula Sahin Sennur
Published: October 2022

Background: Postoperative ileus after colorectal surgery is a common problem that significantly prolongs hospital stay and increases perioperative costs. The ability of postoperative coffee consumption to produce bowel movement is unclear and needs to be studied. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of coffee consumption on bowel movements and duration of hospital stay after laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Methods: This nonrandomized prospective study examined a population of patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery between November 2018 and June 2019. The study sample consisted of 51 patients, including the experimental group (25 patients who consumed coffee) and the control group (26 patients). The first bowel sounds, the first flatulence and defecation times, and duration of hospital stay were examined in this study. There was a statistically significant (p < 0.021) difference between the experimental group and the control group when the first flatulence (13.8 times/h) and defecation (14.8 times/h) times were examined. However, the results were not significantly different between the groups despite the earlier start of the first bowel sounds (2.5 times/h) and the shorter duration of hospital stay (mean 1.1/day) in the experimental group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Postoperative coffee consumption is believed to be an effective, enjoyable, easy, and economical method for increasing bowel movements after surgery and is likely to be added to rapid recovery protocols in the future. Further studies with larger samples will confirm this.
Downregulation of Circ_0088196 Contributes to the Development of Trophoblastic Cells through miR-133b Sponging Function to Affect the AHNAK Expression
Authors: Shi Yubo , Zhang Lianxiao , Wang Linlin , Ding Huiqing
Published: October 2022

Objective: Preeclampsia (PE) is the most common gestational disease related to various biomolecules, including circular RNA. Hsa_circ_0088196 (circ_0088196) was aberrantly upregulated in PE tissues. Design: This study focused on the further exploration of circ_0088196 in PE. Methods: Circ_0088196, microRNA-133b (miR-133b), and AHNAK Nucleoprotein (AHNAK) levels were examined using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). EDU assay was used for proliferation detection. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed using flow cytometry. Wound healing assay and transwell assay were performed to assess migration and invasion. The protein levels were determined via Western blot. Target analysis was conducted through dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. Results: Circ_0088196 upregulation was detected in PE patients. The knockdown of circ_0088196 induced the promotion of proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion but not the inhibition of apoptosis in trophoblastic cells. Then, circ_0088196 was found to act as a sponge of miR-133b in HTR-8/SVneo cells. The inhibition of miR-133b abolished the regulation of si-circ_0088196 in trophoblastic cells. In addition, miR-133b targeted AHNAK and circ_0088196 evoked the expression change of AHNAK by sponging miR-133b. The function of circ_0088196 was also achieved by regulating AHNAK in trophoblastic cells. Limitations: The role of circ_0088196 in PE was not verified by in vivo experiments. Conclusion: The current evidence demonstrated that circ_0088196 knockdown facilitated trophoblastic cell development by regulating the levels of miR-133b and AHNAK, suggesting that circ_0088196 promoted the PE progression via the miR-133b/AHNAK axis.
Clinical Significance of Eligibility Criteria Determined by the SPIRITS Trial in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Satake Souichi , Arigami Takaaki , Matsushita Daisuke , Okubo Keishi , Shimonosono Masataka , Sasaki Ken , Tsuruda Yusuke , Tanabe Kan , Mori Shinichiro , Yanagita Shigehiro , Uenosono Yoshikazu , Nakajo Akihiro , Kurahara Hiroshi , Ohtsuka Takao
Published: October 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the clinical significance of eligibility criteria determined by phase 3 clinical trials in the clinical practice of patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with stage IV gastric cancer who received chemotherapy between February 2002 and December 2021 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into two groups (the eligible vs. ineligible group) based on eligibility criteria determined by the SPIRITS (S-1 vs. S-1 plus cisplatin) trial. Results: Among the 207 patients, 103 (49.8%) and 104 (50.2%) patients were classified into eligible and ineligible groups, respectively. Eligibility criteria were significantly correlated with age, the first-line regimen of chemotherapy, the presence or absence of conversion surgery, and tumor response to the first-line chemotherapy (all p < 0.01). The eligible group had a significantly higher induction of post-progression chemotherapy after first- and second-line chemotherapy than did the ineligible group (all p < 0.01). The ineligible group had significantly poorer prognoses than the eligible group (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis showed that peritoneal dissemination, tumor response, conversion surgery, and eligibility criteria were independent prognostic factors (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: Eligibility criteria determined by the SPIRITS trial may have clinical utility for predicting tumor response, the induction of conversion surgery, and prognosis in patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent chemotherapy.
Surgical Outcomes of Laparoscopic versus Open Hepatectomy for Left Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Propensity Score Analyses Using Retrospective Japanese and Korean Individual Patient Data
Authors: Kaibori Masaki , Yoshii Kengo , Umeda Yuzo , Yagi Takahito , Okabayashi Takehiro , Sui Kenta , Mori Akira , Hamaguchi Yuhei , Kajiyama Kiyoshi , Hokuto Daisuke , Monden Kazuteru , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Nomura Yoriko , Toriguchi Kan , Kim Jong Man , Choi Gi Hong , Ryu Je Ho , Koh Yangseok , Kang Koo Jeong , You Young Kyoung , Chun Kwang-Sik , Han Young Seok , Cho Chan Woo , Choi Young Il , Kim Dong-Sik , Yang Jae Do , Mori Keita , Hiraoka Atsushi , Yamaue Hiroki , Nakamura Masafumi , Yamamoto Masakazu , Endo Itaru
Published: October 2022

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the prognostic impact of laparoscopic left hepatectomy (LLH) with that of open left hepatectomy (OLH) on patient survival after resection of left hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: Among the 953 patients who received initial treatment for primary HCC that was resectable by either LLH or OLH from 2013 to 2017 in Japan and Korea, 146 patients underwent LLH and 807 underwent OLH. The inverse probability of treatment weighting approach based on propensity scoring was used to address the potential selection bias inherent in the recurrence and survival outcomes between the LLH and OLH groups. Results: The occurrence rate of postoperative complications and hepatic decompensation was significantly lower in the LLH group than in the OLH group. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was better in the LLH group than in the OLH group (hazard ratio, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.71; p = 0.029), whereas overall survival (OS) was not significantly different. Subgroup analyses of RFS and OS revealed an almost consistent trend in favor of LLH over OLH. In patients with tumor sizes of ≥4.0 cm or those with single tumors, both RFS and OS were significantly better in the LLH group than in the OLH group. Conclusions: LLH decreases the risk of tumor recurrence and improves OS in patients with primary HCC located in the left liver.
Traditional and Complementary Medicines Methods Used by Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19
Authors: Tarus Hamide Arslan , Yalazı Rüveyda Ölmez , Karadeniz Hilal , Can Gürkan Özlem
Published: October 2022

Aim: This study aimed to determine traditional and complementary medicines (T&CM) methods used by patients before and after being diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between 27 March 2021 and 2 July 2021, in the community health services unit of Düzce Province, Central District, in the western Black Sea region. 547 people participated in the study. Two forms prepared by the researchers, the “Participant Identification Form” and the “Assessment Form for the Use of Traditional and Complementary Medicine Methods,” were used to collect the data. Results: Before the diagnosis of COVID-19, patients reported that they consumed the highest rate of medicinal plants (56.1%) and fruits (40.4%) and prayed (40.4%) to prevent disease. After the diagnosis of COVID-19, they stated that they consumed the highest percentage of medicinal plants (68.4%) and fruit (53.0%) and prayed (48.4%) to reduce disease symptoms. It was seen that herbal products/herbal mixtures (medicinal plants [p < 0.001], fruits [p < 0.001], and fruit vinegars [p < 0.001]), and T&CM methods such as supplements like C, E, D, and other vitamins (p < 0.001), prayer (p < 0.001), massage (p < 0.001), and apitherapy (p < 0.001) were found to be statistically significant after COVID-19 diagnosis compared to before. Conclusion: In this study, it was determined that the patients often used T&CM methods such as herbal products (especially medicinal plants and fruits) and prayer before and after COVID-19 diagnosis, and the use of these T&CM methods increased significantly after diagnosis.
The Value of Sacubitril/Valsartan in Acute Anterior Wall ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction before Emergency Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Lin Guoli , Chen Wen , Wu Meifang , Dai Caizhi , Xu Kaizu
Published: October 2022

Background: Many patients present with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) after acute anterior wall ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of preprocedural sacubitril/valsartan on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with acute anterior STEMI undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: We enrolled patients with acute anterior wall STEMI who underwent emergency PCI at The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University from January 2019 to January 2021. Prior to PCI, patients were randomized to receive sacubitril/valsartan or valsartan. Nonculprit lesion vessels that require PCI were excluded. The primary endpoints included changes in NT-pro-BNP, LVEF, and rehospitalization for heart failure (HF) during the follow-up period. Results: Out of 109 patients who were randomized, 55 were assigned to receive sacubitril/valsartan and 54 were assigned to receive valsartan. The decrease in NT-pro-BNP concentrations and the increase in LVEF were significantly greater in the sacubitril/valsartan group than in the valsartan group. Conclusions: In patients with acute anterior wall STEMI undergoing emergency PCI, preprocedural initiation of sacubitril/valsartan therapy increased LVEF and lower NT-pro-BNP concentrations compared with valsartan therapy.
First record and a new species of Foxiphalus Barnard, 1979 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Phoxocephalidae) from the Atlantic Ocean, with two new records of the family from northeastern Brazil
Authors: Andrade Luiz Felipe de , Senna André Resende de , Souza-Filho Jesser Fidelis de
Published: October 2022

A new species of Foxiphalus Barnard, 1979 is described. The material examined was collected as part of the project "Avaliação da biota bentônica e planctônica da Bacia Potiguar e Ceará" (BPOT), off northeastern Brazilian continental slope on the state of Rio Grande do Norte at depths ranging from 135 to 283 meters. Foxiphalus potiguara sp. nov. is recognized among its congeners by: rostrum slightly exceeding the article 2 of antenna 1; lower lip outer lobes with strong shoulder cusps; maxilliped inner plate with two apical robust setae; gnathopod 2 carpus shortened; pereopod 5 basis tapering distally; and epimeral plate 3 posterior margin weakly crenulated. This is the first record of Foxiphalus for the Atlantic Ocean and we provide an amended diagnosis of the genus and an identification key to its world species. In addition, two new records of Phoxocephalidae are reported from northeastern Brazil: Heterophoxus shoemakeri Andrade & Senna, 2020 and Metharpinia dentiurosoma Alonso de Pina, 2003.
A catalogue of the Lonchaeidae (Diptera: Tephritoidea) and Teratomyzidae (Diptera: Opomyzoidea) of Chile
Authors: Rodrigues João Paulo Vinicios , González Christian R.
Published: October 2022

A catalogue of the Lonchaeidae and Teratomyzidae of Chile is presented. This paper comprises two genera with five species of Lonchaeidae and two genera with two species of Teratomyzidae known from Chile, including information about the name of the taxon, author, year of publication, page number, type species, type depository, type locality, and references. The geographical distributions of each species were determined by examination of bibliographic data and of label data on specimens in collections.
Aristóteles, Primeiros Analíticos II, 23: Não Há Indução Completa
Authors: Troster Tomás
Published: October 2022

This article examines the very atypical case of epagoge in Prior Analytics II, 23, aiming to situate it in the general framework of Aristotle’s conception of induction and in his epistemology. Besides offering a translation and a detailed commentary of the chapter, I have reassembled some of the main theories that support its character of exception – as if the philosopher were defending the existence of a “complete induction” – and then I close the article by refuting such theories, supported by other texts, such as Topics I, 8, and Posterior Analytics I, 5.
Annotazioni su B1,1-3 (B1,4a?) di Parmenide
Authors: Ricci Vittorio
Published: October 2022

The extraordinary over all textual situation of Parmenides’ B1,1-3, due to complex, variegate and polymorphous causes, entailed and still entails diverse sorts of problematic issues so to constitute a true labyrinth of philological, hermeneutical and theoretical instances interwoven each other in almost inextricable way. In this analysis, a first substantial knot of philological type resulted necessary to a preliminary discrimination for making sure the textual reconstruction in order to argue then its most literarily clarifiable and specifiable meaning. In this way it was also possible to make sure its semantic and theoretical relevancies. This research leaded to outline and, hopefully, to demonstrate no textual corruption and following misunderstanding happened before sec. XIII, namely corresponding to the lecture present in the first available manuscript, the so-called cod. N, universally excluded and entirely misevaluated, even discarded; instead it is not only the principle, but the unique reliable codex. The detailed analyse including the autoptic exam is the result of enlightening the absolute goodness of this version and the reasons both philological and hermeneutical comparations, which allow to achieve its complete textological rehabilitation and so to grasp its real conceptual content.
Functional Assays Reclassify Suspected Splice-Altering Variants of Uncertain Significance in Mendelian Channelopathies
Authors: O’Neill Matthew J. , Wada Yuko , Hall Lynn D. , Mitchell Devyn W. , Glazer Andrew M. , Roden Dan M.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Rare protein-altering variants in
SCN5A
,
KCNQ1
, and
KCNH2
are major causes of Brugada syndrome and the congenital long QT syndrome. While splice-altering variants lying outside 2-bp canonical splice sites can cause these diseases, their role remains poorly described. We implemented 2 functional assays to assess 12 recently reported putative splice-altering variants of uncertain significance and 1 likely pathogenic variant without functional data observed in Brugada syndrome and long QT syndrome probands.

Methods:

We deployed minigene assays to assess the splicing consequences of 10 variants. Three variants incompatible with the minigene approach were introduced into control induced pluripotent stem cells by CRISPR genome editing. We differentiated cells into induced pluripotent stem cell–derived cardiomyocytes and studied splicing outcomes by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We used the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics functional assay criteria (PS3/BS3) to reclassify variants.

Results:

We identified aberrant splicing, with presumed disruption of protein sequence, in 8/10 variants studied using the minigene assay and 1/3 studied in induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. We reclassified 8 variants of uncertain significance to likely pathogenic, 1 variant of uncertain significance to likely benign, and 1 likely pathogenic variant to pathogenic.

Conclusions:

Functional assays reclassified splice-altering variants outside canonical splice sites in Brugada Syndrome- and long QT syndrome-associated genes.
Intrinsic Adrenal TWIK-Related Acid-Sensitive TASK Channel Dysfunction Produces Spontaneous Calcium Oscillations Sufficient to Drive AngII (Angiotensin II)-Unresponsive Hyperaldosteronism
Authors: Gancayco Christina A. , Gerding Molly R. , Breault David T. , Beenhakker Mark P. , Barrett Paula Q. , Guagliardo Nick A.
Published: October 2022

Background:

Ion channel mutations in calcium regulating genes strongly associate with AngII (angiotensin II)-independent aldosterone production. Here, we used an established mouse model of in vivo aldosterone autonomy,
Cyp11b2
-driven deletion of TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channels (TASK-1 and TASK-3, termed zona glomerulosa [zG]-TASK-loss-of-function), and selective pharmacological TASK channel inhibition to determine whether channel dysfunction in native, electrically excitable zG cell rosette-assemblies: (1) produces spontaneous calcium oscillatory activity and (2) is sufficient to drive substantial aldosterone autonomy.

Methods:

We imaged calcium activity in adrenal slices expressing a zG-specific calcium reporter (GCaMP3), an in vitro experimental approach that preserves the native rosette assembly and removes potentially confounding extra-adrenal contributions. In parallel experiments, we measured acute aldosterone production from adrenal slice cultures.

Results:

Absent from untreated WT slices, we find that either adrenal-specific genetic deletion or acute pharmacological TASK channel inhibition produces spontaneous oscillatory bursting behavior and steroidogenic activity (2.4-fold) that are robust, sustained, and equivalent to activities evoked by 3 nM AngII in WT slices. Moreover, spontaneous activity in zG-TASK-loss-of-function slices and inhibitor-evoked activity in WT slices are unresponsive to AngII regulation over a wide range of concentrations (50 pM to 3 µM).

Conclusions:

We provide proof of principle that spontaneous activity of zG cells within classic rosette assemblies evoked solely by a change in an intrinsic, dominant resting-state conductance can be a significant source of AngII-independent aldosterone production from native tissue.
Weaving Systemic Wisdom: Nurturing a Mycorrhizal Learning Network
Authors: Boldon Alan
Published: October 2022

This essay is an assemblage or collage of ideas with a focus on ways of engaging with the complexities of places. The author suggests that engaging complex interwoven features of places requires drawing upon multiple ways of knowing. The author suggests that this is also necessary for the world to pull back from the precipice of many interconnected crises. The essay describes a project to establish a network of places learning together how to engage with complex problems underlying crises. The methods of facilitating the collaboration across this network may have implications for pedagogy and education design.
Managing Our Relationship with Free-Roaming Cats in Zoopoland
Authors: Schaffner Joan E.
Published: October 2022

Debate over the proper management of our relationship with free-roaming cats has escalated based on concerns over impacts on biodiversity and public health, with some calling for their eradication. It is often waged between animalists, primarily focused on the interests of the individual animal, and traditional conservationists, primarily focused on preserving native species and biodiversity. An ethical paradigm that accounts for the interests of all animals and nature to develop a management scheme that promotes interspecies justice is needed. I propose the political theory of animal rights developed in Zoopolis as a fruitful ethical paradigm. Grounded in modern citizenship theory, it defines universal negative rights due to all sentient beings and positive rights due to them based on our relationships to them as citizens, denizens, or foreigners. Application of this political theory in a modern fictional jurisdiction, Zoopoland, is explored to develop a just management strategy for free-roaming cats.
A review of the genera Amauta Houlbert, 1918 and Divana J.Y. Miller, 1982 (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) with description of a new genus
Authors: WORTHY ROBERT , GONZÁLEZ JORGE M. , ZILLI ALBERTO
Published: October 2022

The genera Amauta Houlbert, 1918 and Divana J.Y. Miller, 1982 are revised, with discussion of diagnostic features of males and females of all taxa. Details on their nomenclatural history, biogeography, and biology are included to solve several nomenclatural issues. Lectotypes are designated for Castnia (Amauta) papilionaris affinis Rothschild, 1919 and Castnia tricolor C. Felder & R. Felder, 1874. The status of the following taxa is revised: Amauta procera (Boisduval, [1875]) stat. rest., Amauta angusta (H. Druce, 1907) stat. rest., Castnia ambatensis Houlbert, 1917 syn. nov. of Castnia papilionaris papilionaris Walker, [1865], Castnia velutina Houlbert, 1917 syn. nov. of Castnia papilionaris papilionaris Walker, [1865], and Castnia diva chiriquiensis Strand, 1913 syn. nov. of Castnia diva diva Butler, 1870. Other taxa are revised, and their taxonomic status clarified. A new genus Vadina gen. nov. is proposed for Castnia hodeei Oberthür, 1881, which is removed (comb. nov.) from Telchin Hübner, [1825], whilst Amauta stat. rest. and Divana stat. rest., subsumed into Telchin in the most recent revision of the family, are herein reinstated as valid genera.
The genus Helionothrips (Thysanoptera, Panchaetothripinae) in China, with two new species and an identification key
Authors: XIE YANLAN , LI YAJIN , ZHANG HONGRUI
Published: October 2022

With 28 listed species Helionothrips Bagnall is the most species-rich genus within the subfamily Panchaetothripinae. Problems are discussed with several character states used for species discrimination: fore wing color; thoracic sculpture; sense cone length on antennal segment IV; male sternal pore plates. An identification key is provided to 15 species of Helionothrips known in China, including H. pallidus sp. n. and H. phragmitesi sp.n. from Southwestern China.
An Information-Theoretic Approach to Reconciling Historical Climate Observations and Impacts on Agriculture
Authors: Mauerman Max , Black Emily , Boult Victoria L. , Diro Rahel , Osgood Dan , Greatrex Helen , Chillongo Thabbie
Published: October 2022

Decision-makers in climate risk management often face problems of how to reconcile diverse and conflicting sources of information about weather and its impact on human activity, such as when they are determining a quantitative threshold for when to act on satellite data. For this class of problems, it is important to quantitatively assess how severe a year was relative to other years, accounting for both the level of uncertainty among weather indicators and those indicators’ relationship to humanitarian consequences. We frame this assessment as the task of constructing a probability distribution for the relative severity of each year, incorporating both observational data—such as satellite measurements—and prior information on human impact—such as farmers’ reports—the latter of which may be incompletely measured or partially ordered. We present a simple, extensible statistical method to fit a probability distribution of relative severity to any ordinal data, using the principle of maximum entropy. We demonstrate the utility of the method through application to a weather index insurance project in Malawi, in which the model allows us to quantify the likelihood that satellites would correctly identify damaging drought events as reported by farmers, while accounting for uncertainty both within a set of commonly used satellite indicators and between those indicators and farmers’ ranking of the worst drought years. This approach has immediate utility in the design of weather-index insurance schemes and forecast-based action programs, such as assessing their degree of basis risk or determining the probable needs for postseason food assistance.

Significance Statement

We present a novel statistical method for synthesizing many indicators of drought into a probability distribution of how bad an agricultural season was likely to have been. This is important because climate risk analysts face problems of how to reconcile diverse and conflicting sources of information about drought—such as determining a quantitative threshold for when to act on satellite data, having only limited, ordinal information on past droughts to validate it. Our new method allows us to construct a probability distribution for the relative severity of a year, incorporating both kinds of data. This allows us to quantify the likelihood that satellites would have missed major humanitarian droughts due to, for example, mistimed observations or unobserved heterogeneity in impacts.
Competition Enforcement in Digital Markets in China
Authors: Dai Ken , Deng Jet
Published: October 2022

Compared with the size of China’s digital market, competition enforcement in China in this area is relatively underexplored. It had been almost an entirely blank space until the end of 2020. This article summarizes the enforcement actions that have been taken to date, from few distant cases in which former authorities tentatively approached competition issues in this area, to more recent landmark cases in which more sophisticated analysis is provided and hefty fines are imposed. This article traces the enforcement history, thereby explaining the reasons of some China-featured situations, for example, a large amount of existing gun-jumping cases. It also studies some comparable enforcement decisions with a common issue, for example, dominance abuse in the digital market and a controversial topic in China—“choose one from two.” Enforcement trends are also discussed to predict future development in this regard.
Your Reputation Precedes You: Ceasefires and Cooperative Credibility During Civil Conflict
Authors: Bara Corinne , Clayton Govinda
Published: October 2022

How does the state’s behavior in negotiations with one non-state group influence the behavior of other non-state actors? We argue that the dynamics of different conflicts within the same country are interdependent, and that a state develops a reputation through its interactions with each conflict party. This reputation provides a valuable source of information that other groups use to judge the state’s cooperative intentions. When a state develops a reputation for cooperation, this increases the likelihood of (indirect) reciprocation from other groups. More specifically, we argue that when states enter into (and honor) a ceasefire with one rebel group, they demonstrate a credible reputation for cooperation. A credible reputation for cooperation, we posit, increases the likelihood that other conflict parties enter into ceasefires with the state, or that they de-escalate their military activities. We test our claims using the new civil conflict ceasefire dataset and find support for our argument.
The Voice of the Absent? The Link Between Descriptive and Substantive Representation of the Working Class in Western Europe
Authors: Hahn Caroline
Published: October 2022

Recent research has revealed a considerable representation gap disadvantaging the lower social class in the political process. However, we know little about the underlying mechanisms of this bias or the measures that could compensate for it. Combining cross-national data from a general population survey and an elite-level survey, the present article addresses this knowledge deficit by looking at one potential determinant of working-class underrepresentation: the unequal composition of parliaments. Building on arguments for descriptive representation, I argue that members of the working class experience similar living situations and life chances that form their preferences. Consequently, working-class politicians may be better suited to representing working-class views. The results confirm lower congruence levels between the political elite and working-class citizens. However, class-based preference gaps among politicians are relatively small, and politicians’ social class appears to have a limited impact on compensating for the representational inequality of the working class.
The effect of meeting opportunities on local urban residents’ prejudice against migrant children in China
Authors: Nieuwenhuis Jaap , Shen Xinyi
Published: October 2022

This article explores the effect of meeting opportunities between local urban and nonlocal residents on locals’ prejudice against migrant children in China by focusing on three contexts: friendships, schools and neighbourhoods. China’s hukou policy creates a boundary between urban and rural residents, which also takes the form of locals and nonlocals in rural-to-urban migration. Urban public schools with a mix of local and migrant students offer a chance to observe the intergroup relationships between local and nonlocal students as well as their parents. Using two waves of data from the China Education Panel Survey (CEPS), this study examines how changes in migrant friend groups, schoolmates and neighbours of local children affect changes in their parents’ prejudice, as seen among a sample of 1630 student-parent pairs. With longitudinal data, this study mitigates the effect of reverse causality between intergroup contact and prejudice. The findings show that parents whose children have more migrant friends have less prejudice, under certain conditions. Additionally, more nonlocal students in a school relates to less prejudice, especially among parents who are more embedded in the school life. Furthermore, local families with low socio-economic status experience an increase in prejudice, potentially due to an increased feeling of threat. Additionally, this article finds that prejudiced attitudes spread through the social networks of children and parents at the school level. This study emphasises the importance of different contexts of meeting opportunities and sheds new light on the generalisability of the (extended) contact hypothesis to the understudied context of Chinese internal migration.