bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“#Bughead Is Endgame”: Civic Meaning-Making in Riverdale Anti-Fandom and Shipping Practices on Tumblr
Authors: Burkhardt Emily , Trott Verity , Monaghan Whitney
Published: June 2021

In this paper, we seek to understand how shipping and anti-fan practices intersect to create meaningful audience engagement and civic discourse about contemporary social and political issues in the “politics of viewing” CW’s adaptation of Riverdale. By examining tagged posts from January 3, 2017 to June 26, 2019, we elicit how fan-rhetoric operates in a digitally networked environment and interrogate the intra-fan rivalries between shippers, anti-shippers, and anti-fans that underpin the Riverdale fandom on Tumblr. In doing so, we begin to sketch out a taxonomy of shipping-specific anti-fan practices, extending Gray’s work into different types and modes of anti-fandom to consider the role shipping plays within consumption practices, fandom stratification, and the production of civic discourse online.
Disentangling the Gordian Knot of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy
Authors: Karakis Ioannis
Published: June 2021

[Box: see text]
Are We Inviting Another Attendee to the Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Party?
Authors: Shih Jerry J.
Published: June 2021

[Box: see text]
Romantic (In)Justice: Criminal-Legal System-Impacted Black Women’s Romantic Relationship Status and Quality
Authors: Monterrosa Allison E.
Published: June 2021

This study of working class, heterosexual, criminal-legal system-impacted Black women described the women’s romantic histories and current romantic relationship statuses in terms of commitment, exclusivity, and perceived quality. Using intersectional research methods, qualitative interviews were conducted with 31 Black women between the ages of 18 and 65 years who were working class, resided in Southern California, and were impacted by the criminal-legal system. Data were analyzed using an intersectional Black feminist criminological framework and findings revealed six types of relationship statuses. These relationship statuses did not live up to the women’s aspirations and yielded disparate levels of emotional and psychological strain across relationship statuses.
Efficacy of Diagnosing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using the Median Nerve Stenosis Rate Measured on Ultrasonographic Sagittal Imagery: Clinical Case-Control Study
Authors: Okura Toshiyuki , Sekimoto Tomohisa , Matsuoka Tomomi , Fukuda Hajime , Hamada Hiroaki , Tajima Takuya , Chosa Etsuo
Published: June 2021

Background

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of the median nerve stenosis rate (MNSR) measured on sagittal sonographic images of the median nerve in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).

Methods

The study population consisted of 45 hands from 37 patients with idiopathic CTS (CTS group), and 60 hands from 35 asymptomatic healthy subjects (control group). Carpal tunnel syndrome was diagnosed by clinical findings and positive electrophysiological study results. All patients and control subjects underwent ultrasonographic examination. At the carpal tunnel level, the transducer was placed longitudinally to the median nerve, and an image of the longitudinal median nerve was obtained. The minimum median nerve diameter (MND) was measured at the middle part of the capitate level, while the maximum MND was measured at the distal radioulnar joint level. The MNSR was calculated as (1 – minimum MND/maximum MND) × 100 (%). The cross-sectional area of the median nerve was also measured at the level of the pisiform.

Results

On longitudinal sonographic images, the MNSR was significantly larger in the CTS group than the control group. When the cut-off value of the MNSR was 26.73%, the sensitivity and specificity were 91.1% and 80%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was larger for the MNSR than for the cross-sectional area.

Conclusion

The results suggest that the MNSR proposed in the present study may be useful as an auxiliary method for CTS diagnosis on ultrasonographic examination.
Physical Activity, Stress, and Physically Active Stress Management Behaviors Among University Students With Overweight/Obesity
Authors: Lepping Krista M. , Bailey Caitlin P. , Mavredes Meghan N. , Faro Jamie M. , Napolitano Melissa A.
Published: June 2021

Student physical activity is associated with lower stress. Research gaps remain regarding the types of stress management behaviors students use and how these behaviors are associated with students’ activity levels. This study examined associations between physical activity and stress management behaviors among students (18-35 years). Students with overweight/obesity (n = 405) attending universities in 2 urban locations enrolled in a randomized controlled trial to promote healthy weight and completed the following baseline measurements: perceived stress, stress management behaviors, accelerometer-measured physical activity, and demographic characteristics. Perceived stress did not differ by physical activity status or race. A greater proportion of students meeting moderate-to-vigorous physical activity guidelines used physically active stress management behaviors compared to those not meeting guidelines (74% vs 56%; P = .006), and students using physically active stress management had lower stress scores (13.1 vs 15.5; P = .003). Among Black and White students only (n = 306), a greater proportion of White students used physically active stress management behaviors compared to Black students (77% vs 62%, P = .013). Results indicate differences in stress management behaviors by student activity level and race. During times of high stress, colleges/universities might support students by promoting stress management and physical activity in tandem, and tailoring messages to student activity levels and demographic characteristics.
Reflections on Online Focus Group Research With Low Socio-Economic Status African American Adults During COVID-19
Authors: Lathen Lorraine , Laestadius Linnea
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has sped the adoption of online data collection approaches among qualitative researchers. While videoconferencing software has been a tremendous resource for replicating key aspects of the face-to-face focus group environment, online approaches to data collection also face unique challenges. Prior work has offered insights on the value of face-to-face versus online focus groups and strategies for improving the online focus group experience for participants and moderators. However, little has been published on the unique needs of participants from low socio-economic status (SES) populations. In light of the digital divide and the ways in which COVID-19 has exacerbated existing inequalities, researchers must seriously reflect on the ways in which SES and online methods intersect. To address this gap, we present reflections on two online focus groups conducted with low SES African American adults during COVID-19 to offer recommendations on areas of concern and potential solutions for researchers to consider. Three areas stand out as particularly important for reflection: (1) participant privacy, (2) online connectivity, (3) support and time allocations. Greater attention to the impact of SES can help ensure improved opportunities for full and equitable participation, allowing the voices of those who have been marginalized to be heard more clearly.
Application of digital subtraction angiography in canine hindlimb arteriography
Authors: Wang Xue , Li Lubin , Wang Chengwei , Zhang Shiyong , Wang Jie , Chen Tiannan
Published: June 2021

Objectives

Research in the field of lower extremity vascular disease has increased in popularity over the years. To adequately characterize and validate the effectiveness of vascular interventions, in vivo experimentation in large animals is required. Thus, it is necessary to find a method to detect the shape and density of blood vessels in the lower extremities that can evaluate and verify the treatment measures’ effectiveness and have high accuracy and repeatability. This study characterized factors that determined both the accuracy and overall value of digital subtraction angiography in lower limb arteriography using a canine animal model.

Methods

Six beagle dogs were anesthetized and immobilized on the motorized table. The femoral artery was accessed using an indwelling needle. A bolus of contrast agent was injected into the access site, and digital subtraction angiography with bolus chase technology was used to collect contrast images for analysis. At the end of the procedure, the anesthetized dogs were euthanized using an overdose of potassium chloride. After confirming the euthanasia of the dogs, the cadavers were taken to the experimental animal center of Xinjiang Medical University and processed by qualified institutional personnel.

Results

The final arteriographic images of the hind limbs from all six dogs were precise, and the branches of small vessels could be distinguished without any visible artifacts.

Conclusions

These results suggested that arteriography using digital subtraction angiography could reveal the shape and density of blood vessels in canine animal models. This method has great potential to significantly improve research related to limb ischemia due to its simple and reproducible results.
Estimating somatic maturity in adolescent soccer players: Methodological comparisons
Authors: Salter Jamie , Cumming Sean , Hughes Jonathan D , De Ste Croix Mark
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Monitoring maturation facilitates effective talent development. Various methods of maturity estimation exist with limited knowledge of concordance between methods. This study aims to establish agreement between methods of varied constructs to predict maturity status and compare concordance of methods to categorise players using established thresholds.

Methods

This study compared four maturity equations using anthropometrical data from 113 male adolescent soccer players (mean ±SD; age, 14.3 ± 1 years) from two academies. Conservative (±1 year) and less conservative (±0.5 years) circa-PHV thresholds were employed.

Results

Analysis indicates tight (±0.3 year) agreement between maturity offset methods (MO), but broader agreement between MO and predicted adult height methods (–1.5 to 1 year). However, Kappa Cohen k suggests moderate to substantial (44%–67%) and fair to moderate (31%–60%) concordance between methods when using the conservative and less conservative circa-PHV thresholds respectively.

Conclusion

Despite MO equation iterations claiming to reduce systematic error, they provide very similar estimations. Additionally, practitioners should not use maturity offset and predicted adult height methods interchangeably and are encouraged to apply either method consistently when looking to estimate maturity status or biologically calssify players.
A novel structural safety assessment method of large liquid tank based on the belief rule base and finite element method
Authors: Chen Yuan , Zhou Zhijie , Yang Lihao , Hu Guanyu , Han Xiaoxia , Tang Shuaiwen
Published: June 2021

The structural safety assessment of large liquid tanks (LLT) has attracted an extensive attention. As a typical gray box model, the belief rule base (BRB) model can handle qualitative information and quantitative data simultaneously, which is a suitable modeling tool for structural safety assessment. However, it is difficult to establish and train the BRB model when there is a lack of expert experience and fault samples of LLT. Therefore, a novel safety assessment model for LLT based on BRB and finite element method (FEM-BRB) is proposed in this paper. The FEM is introduced to construct the BRB model by combining expert knowledge and industry standards for the first time, which can effectively compensate for the lack of expert experience. The fault samples are generated in the mechanism simulation model under different working conditions. Based on the fault samples generated by the FEM and historical samples, the projection covariance matrix adaption evolution strategy (P-CMA-ES) optimization algorithm is then used to train the model, which further improves the structural safety assessment accuracy when lacking fault samples. A case study of three actual oil tanks in a coastal port is conducted to illustrate the effectiveness and advantage of the developed structural safety assessment method.
Acute reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke patients with unknown time of symptom onset or in extended time windows: an individualized approach
Authors: Magoufis Georgios , Safouris Apostolos , Raphaeli Guy , Kargiotis Odysseas , Psychogios Klearchos , Krogias Christos , Palaiodimou Lina , Spiliopoulos Stavros , Polizogopoulou Eftihia , Mantatzis Michael , Finitsis Stephanos , Karapanayiotides Theodore , Ellul John , Bakola Eleni , Brountzos Elias , Mitsias Panayiotis , Giannopoulos Sotirios , Tsivgoulis Georgios
Published: June 2021

Recent randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) have revolutionized acute ischemic stroke care by extending the use of intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular reperfusion therapies in time windows that have been originally considered futile or even unsafe. Both systemic and endovascular reperfusion therapies have been shown to improve outcome in patients with wake-up strokes or symptom onset beyond 4.5 h for intravenous thrombolysis and beyond 6 h for endovascular treatment; however, they require advanced neuroimaging to select stroke patients safely. Experts have proposed simpler imaging algorithms but high-quality data on safety and efficacy are currently missing. RCTs used diverse imaging and clinical inclusion criteria for patient selection during the dawn of this novel stroke treatment paradigm. After taking into consideration the dismal prognosis of nonrecanalized ischemic stroke patients and the substantial clinical benefit of reperfusion therapies in selected late presenters, we propose rescue reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke patients not fulfilling all clinical and imaging inclusion criteria as an option in a subgroup of patients with clinical and radiological profiles suggesting low risk for complications, notably hemorrhagic transformation as well as local or remote parenchymal hemorrhage. Incorporating new data to treatment algorithms may seem perplexing to stroke physicians, since treatment and imaging capabilities of each stroke center may dictate diverse treatment pathways. This narrative review will summarize current data that will assist clinicians in the selection of those late presenters that will most likely benefit from acute reperfusion therapies. Different treatment algorithms are provided according to available neuroimaging and endovascular treatment capabilities.
Playing Into the Hands of the Powerful: Extracting “Success” by Mining for Evidence in a Payments for Environmental Services Project in Matiguás-Río Blanco, Nicaragua
Authors: Van Hecken Gert , Kolinjivadi Vijay , Huybrechs Frédéric , Bastiaensen Johan , Merlet Pierre
Published: June 2021

Payments for Environmental Services (PES) are premised upon the provision of monetary incentives to induce land-use practices viewed to be beneficial for advancing tropical conservation. A recent article published by Pagiola et al. in this journal claims that PES successfully transitioned land-use from agricultural use in Matiguás-Río Blanco, Nicaragua to silvopastoralism through afforestation and hence associated improvements in carbon sequestration and biodiversity conservation. Building on contrasting perspectives from peasants and local organizations in the region for more than a decade, we illustrate why viewing relations like payment provision and adoption of land-use outcomes that disregard parallel voices of implicated actors is not only analytically imprecise, but risks being anti-ecological if such a decontextualized connection is used to show evidence that tropical conservation is being advanced. We argue that the effect of payments must be contextualized with: a) increasingly globalized and expanding commodity frontiers for which PES programs may actually further advance to the detriment of tropical conservation; and b) the assumptions made in the methodological approaches adopted to determine causality. In sum, we highlight the dangers of uncritically portraying narratives of “success” to scale up investment to further proliferate decontextualized conservation projects that may not ensure long-term outcomes. We propose responding to these potential dangers through more open, horizontal, and long-term engagement on both the criteria and the consequences of defining success in tropical conservation interventions with actors whose lives are directly affected by them.
Mass Media Occurrence as a Political Career Maker
Authors: Van Remoortere Annelien , Walgrave Stefaan , Vliegenthart Rens
Published: June 2021

Ample work in political communication showed that high-level politicians get more media attention than their lower ranking colleagues. With power comes media attention. More than hard work, charisma, or experience, it is the political function performed by politicians that is the crucial factor in explaining how much media attention they receive. But what about the opposite relationship: does media attention also generate power? In this paper, we examine the media path leading to power. Basically, two important career steps of politicians are assessed: becoming a party leader and becoming a minister; we test whether, compared to those who did not make a top career, the politicians who came to take these steps were more prominent in the media before they moved up and became elite politicians. We draw on the case of Belgium here and leverage on a longitudinal automated media content analysis (2000–2020) combined with a data set of 532 national/regional politicians and their careers. The study finds that media occurrences matters for being promoted to a top function in Belgium, more so for becoming a minister than for becoming a party leader. Furthermore, rejecting our initial idea based on political mediatization theories, the influence of media occurrence does not seem to increase through time for both functions.
Treating High-Risk TIA and Minor Stroke Patients With Dual Antiplatelet Therapy: A National Survey of Emergency Medicine Physicians
Authors: Liberman Ava L. , Lendaris Andrea R. , Cheng Natalie T. , Kaban Nicole L. , Rostanski Sara K. , Esenwa Charles , Kummer Benjamin R. , Labovitz Daniel L. , Prabhakaran Shyam , Friedman Benjamin W.
Published: June 2021

Background:

Treatment with aspirin plus clopidogrel, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), within 24 hours of high-risk transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke symptoms to eligible patients is recommended by national guidelines. Whether or not this treatment has been adopted by emergency medicine (EM) physicians is uncertain.

Methods:

We conducted an online survey of EM physicians in the United States. The survey consisted of 13 multiple choice questions regarding physician characteristics, practice settings, and usual approach to TIA and minor stroke treatment. We report participant characteristics and use chi-squared tests to compare between groups.

Results:

We included 162 participants in the final study analysis. 103 participants (64%) were in practice for >5 years and 96 (59%) were at nonacademic centers; all were EM board-certified or board-eligible. Only 9 (6%) participants reported that they would start DAPT for minor stroke and 8 (5%) reported that they would start DAPT after high-risk TIA. Aspirin alone was the selected treatment by 81 (50%) participants for minor stroke patients who presented within 24 hours of symptom onset and were not candidates for thrombolysis. For minor stroke, 69 (43%) participants indicated that they would defer medical management to consultants or another team. Similarly, 75 (46%) of participants chose aspirin alone to treat high-risk TIA; 74 (46%) reported they would defer medical management after TIA to consultants or another team.

Conclusion:

In a survey of EM physicians, we found that the reported rate of DAPT treatment for eligible patients with high-risk TIA and minor stroke was low.
Assessing the accuracy of computed tomography in detecting bony invasion and thickness of squamous cell carcinoma of the scalp
Authors: Boylan Conor T , Gaston Michaela S , Merwaha Puja , Nader Kurdow , Rayatt Sukhbir
Published: June 2021

Objectives

The aim of this study was to ascertain the accuracy of computed tomography (CT) in assessing the presence of bony involvement and thickness of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the scalp.

Methods

A single-centre retrospective chart review was carried out. Inclusion criteria were scalp SCC, CT between January 2008 and 2018, and the availability of a reference test. Reference tests were either histology, surgical notes or clinical notes. Tabular assessment of accuracy was performed and Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U test and Fisher exact test were used in univariable analysis. Accuracy of thickness measurement was calculated using the limits of agreement method, and linear regression was used to examine trend.

Results

Thirty-nine patients were included. Most patients were male (74.4%), white (97.4%), not immunosuppressed (66.6%) and had poorly differentiated tumours (33.3%). The most common tumour sites were the vertex (28.2%) and temporal region (23.1%). Sensitivity of CT in detecting presence or absence of bony invasion of scalp SCC was 76.9% (95% CI 46.2–94.9%) and specificity was 96.2% (95% CI 80.4-99.9%). Overall accuracy was 89.7% (95% CI 75.8–97.1%), positive predictive value was 90.1% (95% CI 58.7–99.8%) and negative predictive value was 89.3% (95% CI 71.8–97.7%). No significant differences were found comparing patients with an accurate or inaccurate CT scan. Thickness on CT was found to be consistent with histological thickness at the 95% confidence level.

Conclusions

CT is accurate at assessing the presence of bony involvement and thickness of scalp SCC. This study was limited somewhat by small sample size.
Agomelatine for postpartum depression and breastfeeding
Authors: Xiao Le
Published: June 2021

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common and serious mental health problem that is associated with maternal suffering and numerous negative consequences for offspring. The benefit of breastfeeding for the infant and mother is well documented; therefore, the information about the risk–benefit of antidepressants, if used while mothers are breastfeeding, is necessary for the clinician’s decision. The case series and systematic data on antidepressants in breastfeeding consist mainly of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and mirtazapine, whereas information on newer antidepressants such as agomelatine in pregnant or lactating women is rare, especially the adverse effects on the infant of the mother with PPD treated with agomelatine. To add to the limited available data, we report the case of agomelatine treatment in a breastfeeding woman with PPD. In this case report, we took advantage of the short half-life of agomelatine to reduce the potential effect on infant in the treatment of a nursing woman with PPD. The results confirm the effectiveness of agomelatine in the treatment of PPD and demonstrate the safety in breastfeeding.
Successful treatment of intravenous drug abuser with refractory vasoplegic syndrome after mitral valve repair for infective endocarditis
Authors: Lambert Jacob , Hayanga JW Awori , Turley Steven , McCarthy Paul , Salman Muhammad , Kabulski Galen , Henrickson Roy , Cook Christopher , Hayanga Heather K
Published: June 2021

Vasoplegic syndrome, a possible complication of cardiopulmonary bypass, is a critical state of unregulated systemic vasodilation with decreased vascular resistance and a pathological insensitivity to conventional inotropes and vasoconstrictors. This case demonstrates the use of methylene blue and hydroxocobalamin as medications in the treatment of refractory vasoplegic syndrome in the context of cardiac surgery due to their differences in mechanism of action. A 24-year-old female with history of intravenous drug abuse and hepatitis C infection underwent mitral valve repair for infective endocarditis. Preoperative transesophageal echocardiography showed normal right ventricular function, left ventricular ejection fraction of 65%–75%, and severe mitral regurgitation with vegetation. In order to maintain a mean arterial pressure over 60 mmHg during cardiopulmonary bypass, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and vasopressin infusions were required. Given the patient’s minimal response to these medications, a 1.5 mg/kg bolus of intravenous methylene blue was also given intraoperatively; vasoplegic syndrome remained refractory in the post-cardiopulmonary bypass period. A 5 g dose of intravenous hydroxocobalamin was administered in the intensive care unit postoperatively. Postoperative liver function tests were abnormal, and post-cardiopulmonary bypass transesophageal echocardiography revealed mildly decreased right ventricular function. While in the intensive care unit, the patient was placed on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and underwent therapeutic plasma exchange. Vasopressors were weaned over the course of the next 24 h. The patient was able to be transferred out of the intensive care unit on postoperative day 5. Traditional vasoconstrictors activate signal transduction pathways that lead to myosin phosphorylation. Vasodilatory molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) activate the enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC), ultimately leading to the dephosphorylation of myosin. Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) can potentially increase NO levels 1000-fold when activated by inflammatory cytokines. Methylene blue is a direct inhibitor of NOS. It also binds and inhibits sGC. Hydroxocobalamin is a direct inhibitor of NO, likely inhibits NOS and may also act through additional mechanisms.
Mapping of electrodermal activity (EDA) during outdoor community-level mobility tasks in individuals with lower-limb amputation
Authors: Cho Erina , Wakeling James M , Pousett Brittany , Pollock Courtney L
Published: June 2021

Introduction

Balance confidence and perception of task challenge is an important construct to measure in rehabilitation of people with lower-limb amputation (LLA). Measurement of electrodermal activity (EDA) captures physiological arousal responses reflecting an individual’s perceived challenge in a task. This study explores the feasibility of the use of EDA during outdoor walking tasks to capture task-specific physiological arousal changes associated with perception of challenge in people with amputation.

Objective

To develop and demonstrate feasibility of a portable EDA/GPS system mapping physiological arousal while challenging walking balance outdoors in individuals with LLA and controls.

Methods

Sixteen people (eight with LLA and eight age-/sex-matched controls) completed an outdoor walking course in the community (3 laps). A battery-powered portable device was developed containing EDA/GPS sensors with data logged on a microcontroller. Phasic EDA response was extracted from EDA signal to explore the physiological arousal response to walking tasks.

Results

Physiological arousal demonstrated task-specific modulation with ascending stairs without a handrail showing higher levels of phasic EDA than walking on a paved incline (p = 0.01) or a gravel decline (p = 0.01) in people with LLA. While evidence of habituation over repeated trials was shown in controls with lap 1 of walking down a gravel decline showing higher levels of phasic EDA than lap 3 (p = 0.01). Phasic EDA maps, representative of arousal levels throughout the walking course, showed individual-specific response.

Conclusion

Mapping of EDA during outdoor walking is feasible. Modulation of physiological arousal between outdoor walking tasks and over repeated trials is suggestive of clinical utility. Further research is warranted to explore how EDA may be incorporated into assessment of response to outdoor walking amongst individuals following LLA.
Humanitarian diplomacy in ASEAN
Authors: Cook Alistair DB
Published: June 2021

Progress on regional cooperation in Southeast Asia is often punctuated by decades rather than years. The exposure of the wider Asia-Pacific to natural hazards renders it the world’s most disaster prone. Since the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in 2004, there have been three significant broad trends that have shaped humanitarian diplomacy, namely ASEAN as a platform for engagement, sectoral approaches and a diversifying multi-stakeholder environment creating a multi-level regionalism in Southeast Asia. States and societies in Southeast Asia have demonstrated a commitment to building humanitarian capacity which is often termed ‘nationally led, regionally supported and international as necessary’ so that they can lead response to natural hazards. The experience of natural hazards offers an important reference for humanitarian work in other areas, notably health emergencies and conflict settings. However, the localization of the global humanitarian system beyond the regional and national levels to local communities remains far from certain, and progress made in this arena may yet come undone without sustained and substantive political commitment from ASEAN member states.
Is Emotional Intelligence Correlated With Values Among Primary Schoolers?
Authors: Coskun Kerem , Kalin Ozlem Ulu , Aydemir Arcan
Published: June 2021

The present study sought to develop a scale to measure the values adoption of primary school children and explore whether emotional intelligence of primary school children is associated with values which are taught through curricular activities. First, the Value Adoption Scale (VAS) was developed in Study 1 by conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and correlation was examined in Study 2. Data were collected using the Ten Years Emotional Intelligence Scale (TYEIS) and the Value Scale consisting of eight items. Data were analyzed with Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. Results of data analysis indicated that there was a moderate correlation between emotional intelligence and values, but regression analysis revealed that emotional intelligence had weak predictive power for values adoption. It was concluded that teaching values through curricular activities is not useful to foster emotional intelligence among primary school children. Results of the research are discussed and addressed along with the relevant literature.
Supportive Development of Phonological Awareness Through Musical Activities According to Edgar Willems
Authors: Skubic Darija , Gaberc Blažka , Jerman Janez
Published: June 2021

It is important that before entering primary school, the child’s phonological awareness is supported by a variety of different activities whereby phonological awareness is based on a well-developed hearing ability. Hearing is part of the musical activities that support/encourage phonological awareness with the development of rhythmic and melodic music listening. In this article, we aimed to investigate the effects of musical activities derived from the methodological system of Edward Willems on phonological awareness through a quasi-experimental study with 70 children aged 4 to 7 years. Thirty-five of them received 1 hr of music instruction per week for 6 months (experimental group) and the other 35 children received no such musical support (control group). We tested each child’s phonological awareness at the beginning of the music program and after 6 months. The results of the analysis of covariance showed that there was a statistically significant difference in phonological awareness between the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group. The results of the research confirmed that musical activities based on the methodological system Edgar Willems are a good and effective means of promoting phonological awareness, especially in early childhood.
Transforming Adolescents into Social Entrepreneurs: A Time When Adolescents Become Reflexive Social Entrepreneurs
Authors: Nishikawa Kohei
Published: June 2021

Social entrepreneurs are supposed to be the specialty of seasoned adults in business. Proving the adage wrong, Skoll and Ashoka foundations have already nurtured adolescent social entrepreneurs successfully. Very few systematic studies endorse the view that the young can be inspired to become social entrepreneurs. This case study, consisting of two biographical stories, constructs an understanding to inspire further research in the phenomenon of adolescents turning into social entrepreneurs. The findings suggest that if young persons engage in transforming themselves reflexively and simultaneously act on their beliefs to resolve social problems, they will achieve success as social entrepreneurs.
Negative Pressure Wound Therapy After Abdominal Body Contouring: A Comparative Matched Analysis of Outcomes and Cost
Authors: Morris Martin P. , Christopher Adrienne N. , Patel Viren , Onyekaba Ginikanwa , Broach Robyn B. , Fischer John P.
Published: June 2021

Background: Studies that have previously validated the use of incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) after body contouring procedures (BCP) have provided limited data regarding associated health care utilization and cost. We matched 2 cohorts of patients after BCP with and without iNPWT and compared utilization of health care resources and post-operative clinical outcomes. Methods: Adult patients who underwent abdominoplasty and/or panniculectomy between 2015 and 2020 by a single surgeon were identified. Patients were propensity score matched by body mass index (BMI), gender, smoking history, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and incision type. Primary outcomes included time to final drain removal, outpatient visits, homecare visits, emergency department visits, and cost. Secondary outcomes included surgical site occurrences (SSO), surgical site infections, reoperations, and revisions. Results: One hundred sixty-six patients were eligible, and 40 were matched (20 with iNPWT and 20 without iNPWT) with a median age of 47 years and BMI of 32 kg/m2. There were no differences in demographics or intraoperative details (all P > .05). No significant differences were found between the cohorts in terms of health care utilization measures or clinical outcomes (all P > .05). Direct cost was significantly greater in the iNPWT cohort ( P = .0498). Inpatient length of stay and procedure time were independently associated with increased cost on multivariate analysis (all P < .0001). Conclusion: Consensus guidelines recommend the use of iNPWT in high-risk patients, including abdominal BCP. Our results show that iNPWT is associated with equivalent health care utilization and clinical outcomes, with increased cost. Additional randomized controlled trials are needed to further elucidate the cost utility of this technique in this patient population.
Migrants in the Creation of Cultures
Authors: Thapar Romila
Published: June 2021

Migrations have had a role in forming the economies and cultures of practically all countries. Their nature and effects must be studied objectively. In her lecture delivered in October 2020 in memory of Professor Satish Chandra, Professor Romila Thapar discusses the nature and effects of three migrations, distant from each other in time, viz. the Aryan, (second millennium BC), the Kuṣāṇa (early centuries AD) and Arab (tenth century onward). These migrations contributed to both economic change and cultural evolution. These were fundamentally different in nature from migrations accompanying colonial conquests and the forced shifting of people in the colonial era. The current prejudice against migrants, by those who claim this to be an expression of nationalism, should not cloud our judgement of earlier migrations into India and their role in our history and culture
Book review: D.N. Jha (ed.), Drink of Immortality: Essays on Distillation and Alcohol Use in Ancient India
Authors: Mahalakshmi R.
Published: June 2021

D.N. Jha (ed.), Drink of Immortality: Essays on Distillation and Alcohol Use in Ancient India (Delhi: Manohar), 2020, 278 pp., ₹1495.
Book review: Suhita Sinha Roy, The Cultural Economy of Land: Rural Bengal, circa 1860–1940
Authors: Bandopadhyay Arun
Published: June 2021

Suhita Sinha Roy, The Cultural Economy of Land: Rural Bengal, circa 1860–1940, edited by Mallarika Sinha Roy (New Delhi: Tulika Books), 2019, x + 184 pp., ₹595.
Kumarajiva and Kucha in His Time
Authors: Liu Xinru
Published: June 2021

Of Kumarajiva (c. 400), outstanding translator of Buddhist texts into Chinese, especially of the Mahayana tradition, is known to us only from Chinese sources. This article collects such information as is available about his antecedents and youth during which he turned into a brilliant scholar of Buddhist doctrine at Kucha (Xinjiang). His family background explains his deviations from a monk’s conduct at the very time he rendered undying service to Mahayana Buddhism in China.
Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna: Revolutionary Propaganda in Colonial UP, 1907–27
Authors: Agarwal Prabal Saran
Published: June 2021

The revolutionary movement in United Provinces had its beginnings initially under the influence of the anti-Partition movement in Bengal from 1905 onward. It, first, appeared in radical papers established in 1909 in Urdu and Hindi. Initially, it supported Tilak’s National Party with a tinge of Hindu revivalism, but radical socialist views also began to develop under the influence of the Ghadr movement of 1914–15. Despite repression, the 1920s saw a great increase in propaganda and revolutionary activity, especially under the influence of the Soviet Revolution. Bismil, the revolutionary martyr, played a special role in both propaganda and armed activity. The article argues that though the Kakori case ended in the execution of Bismil and his comrades, the propaganda they had carried on had lasting effect on the ideology of the revolutionary movement and the radicalisation of popular feeling in Uttar Pradesh (UP).
People of the Book: Empire and Social Science in the Islamic Commonwealth Period
Authors: al-Gharbi Musa
Published: June 2021

Social science is often described as a product of nineteenth-century Europe and as a handmaiden to its imperial and colonial projects. However, centuries prior to the Western social science enterprise, Islamic imperial scholars developed their own “science of society.” This essay provides an overview of the historical and cultural milieu in which “Islamic” social science was born and then charts its development over time through case studies of four seminal scholars—al-Razi, al-Farabi, al-Biruni, and Ibn Khaldun—who played pivotal roles in establishing fields that could be roughly translated as psychology, political science, anthropology, and sociology. The axioms undergirding Islamic social science are subsequently explored, with particular emphasis paid to the relations between said axioms and the discursive tradition, “Islam.” The essay concludes with an exploration of how looking to social science enterprises beyond the “modern” West can clarify the purported relationships between social science and empire.
Austerity, teleological ‘ends’ and the timespace practices of the state organisation
Authors: Fuller Crispian
Published: June 2021

The impact of austerity on urban governance has become a key area of academic concern, but many studies tend to interpret the effect on individual urban state bodies through analysis of broader governance relations, whilst also framing austerity as an overarching and homogeneous set of ideas, values and practices. In response, this paper examines a city government’s economic development department as a means in which to understand how the heterogeneous agency of the organisation mitigates austerity. In examining the adaptation to austerity, the paper deploys the practice theory of Schatzki. This involves utilising his conceptualisation of the construction of practices through various elements in producing the organisation, and their related ‘timespaces’. In conclusion, examining practices are important in understanding the intricacies of the ‘agency’ of the organisation, with the paper elucidating the uneven reconfiguration of the case study towards forms of timespace governing based on entrepreneurial pro-growth practices.
Experimental investigations on finishing of a brass specimen by magneto-rheological honing technique
Authors: Kumari Chinu , Chak Sanjay Kumar
Published: June 2021

Magneto-rheological abrasive honing (MRAH) is an unconventional surface finishing technique that relies on abrasives mixed with a unique finishing fluid, which changes its characteristics on magnetic field application. This process imparts nanometric-level surface finish with a significant amount of uniformity. Rotating motion of the workpiece and continuous reciprocation of the finishing fluid in the MRAH process are recognized as the major aspects for adopting this process in finishing non-magnetic materials. The finishing obtained through the MRAH process relies on the workpiece’s material properties and process parameters such as concentration of abrasives in finishing fluid, rotational speed of the workpiece, and magnetic field strength/magnetizing current. To study the efficacy of MRAH process, a parametric study was conducted by performing few experiments on a brass workpiece. Design of experiment approach was adopted to plan the experiments, and the effect of different values of magnetizing current, the concentration of abrasives, and rotational speed on the surface finish were analyzed through the application of analysis of variance (ANOVA). From ANOVA, the rotational speed was found as the most significant parameter with a contribution of 48.90% on % reduction in roughness value (%∇Ra). Around 57% of roughness reduction was obtained at the optimized value of process parameters.
Psychosocial Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People Living in Portugal and Brazil—A Qualitative Study
Authors: Pereira Henrique , Pedro Jéssica , Mendes Cindy , Duarte Mariana , Silva Patrícia G.
Published: June 2021

Introduction:

Not many studies have been reported from Portugal or Brazil to date, regarding the psychosocial impacts of COVID-19 on lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people, especially from a qualitative perspective.

Materials and Methods:

A convenience sample of 65 self-identified LGB individuals from Portugal and Brazil participated in this study. Thirty-two participants were from Portugal and 33 from Brazil. The average age was 34.48 years (standard deviation = 11.66), ranging from 19 to 67. We used an online interview approach in an asynchronous format. All study respondents completed a structured inquiry consisting of a short section of sociodemographic questions and a single open-ended question: “As a lesbian, gay, bisexual (or other) self-identified person, please elaborate on how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted your life.”

Results:

The thematic analysis of participants’ responses revealed 9 recurring themes, encompassing 18 subcategories to occur: mental health (depression, anxiety, fear, anger, and loneliness), isolation (social distancing and leisure impediments), relationships (family and friends), work-related problems, education-related problems, financial problems, changes (behavioral changes and opportunity to grow), coping (seeking support, accessing information and physical activities), and LGBTQI (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and intersex) topics (health barriers, going back into the closet, pride celebration events, and online dating).

Conclusions:

Our results provide voice to LGB Portuguese and Brazilian people during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrating specific challenges exacerbated by stigma and sexual discrimination amplified by preexistent social inequalities.
WSU ROAR and ROAR Online! Program Description and COVID-19 Response
Authors: McMahon Don , Hirschfelder Katie , Poppen Marcus , Whittenburg Holly , Bruno Lauren
Published: June 2021

Washington State University, Responsibility Opportunity Advocacy and Respect (WSU ROAR) is an inclusive 2-year residential postsecondary education program for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. WSU ROAR is a recognized comprehensive transition program located in rural eastern Washington. Within the program, there are four pillars: WSU ROAR workshops, Washington State University audit courses, employment experiences, and independent living. Individualized instruction guides the WSU ROAR workshops to allow students to develop their independence. Students also participate in audit courses in inclusive settings on campus to gain skills to help with future employment opportunities. Peer Allies, who are students traditionally enrolled at college, provide meaningful social and academic relationships by partnering with the students in WSU ROAR. This program description discusses the development of the postsecondary education program and its adaptation to meet its goals while addressing the challenges of being a rural university in eastern Washington. This program description also describes how the WSU ROAR program adapted to a remote learning platform during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Does hysteroscopy in women with persistent gestational trophoblastic disease reduce the need for chemotherapy? A prospective, single-arm, clinical trial pilot study
Authors: Tanha Fatemeh Davari , Sede Saghar Samimi , Yarandi Fariba , Shirali Elham , Fakehi Maliheh , Shaker Zeinab , Ghajarzadeh Mahsa , Ghaemi Marjan
Published: June 2021

Background

This study aimed to describe the efficacy of hysteroscopy in the management of women with the persistent gestational trophoblastic disease (PGTD)/GTN to reduce the need for chemotherapy.

Materials and methods

This prospective, single-arm, clinical trial study was recruited in an educational referral hospital between September 2018 and September 2019. Totally, 30 participants with a history of hydatidiform mole that was managed by uterine evacuation and developed low risk persistent gestational trophoblastic disease were recruited. Hysteroscopy was performed for removal of persisted trophoblastic tissue. Serum beta-hCG titer was measured before and 7 days after the procedure.

Results

The mean ± SD age of the participants was 31.4 ± 4.6 years. There was a significant difference (p = 0.06) between that mean ± SD of beta-hCG titer before (8168.4 ± 1758) and after (2648.8 ± 5888) hysteroscopy. Only two (6.6%) cases underwent chemotherapy due to no drop in the beta-hCG titer.

Conclusion

Hysteroscopy may play a significant role in the management of GTN, although it requires validation in larger prospective randomized studies and longer follow-up.