bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La Red de Investigadores sobre Cine Latinoamericano (RICiLa). Cartografía de las problemáticas abordadas en el último lustro
Authors: Cossalter Javier
Published: August 2020

La Red de Investigadores sobre Cine Latinoamericano fue creada con el propósito de conformar un circuito de intercambio de conocimientos y fomentar los estudios en derredor al cine de la región. El presente trabajo intenta realizar un mapeo en torno a los proyectos de investigación de los miembros de la Red con el objetivo de dar a conocer el panorama actual acerca del contexto institucional de producción de estos trabajos así como desentrañar las problemáticas histórico-analíticas y los enfoques de aproximación abordados en los mismos. A través del análisis comparado este ensayo permite observar una preponderancia de las universidades públicas como entes promotores de la investigación sobre cine latinoamericano, la focalización en cinematografías nacionales en estrecho vínculo con la procedencia institucional, la comprensión del cine de la región en tanto fenómeno global y el reconocimiento de una multiplicidad de perspectivas de acercamiento al objeto cinematográfico que van del análisis textual hasta el estudio de la recepción.
Managing Hyperglycemia in the COVID-19 Inflammatory Storm
Authors: Gianchandani Roma , Esfandiari Nazanene H. , Ang Lynn , Iyengar Jennifer , Knotts Sharon , Choksi Palak , Pop-Busui Rodica
Published: August 2020

A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19]) is now at global pandemic levels causing significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with diabetes are particularly vulnerable and more likely to get severe complications when infected with this virus. Although the information continues to emerge, here we provide our perspective on initial outcomes observed in hospitalized patients with diabetes and the potential role played by the proinflammatory metabolic state in these patients that promotes fertile ground for the virus’ inflammatory surge, resulting in severe insulin resistance and severe hyperglycemia. The rapidly evolving renal failure, hypotension, pressor and steroid use, and variable nutritional support further complicates their management. Thus, timely implementation of glucose management protocols addressing these complex scenarios while also following COVID-19–related trajectories in inflammatory biomarkers and being cognizant of the health care provider exposure may substantially affect morbidity and mortality.
Bone Mass and Density in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and Healthy Weight
Authors: Kindler Joseph M. , Kelly Andrea , Khoury Philip R. , Levitt Katz Lorraine E. , Urbina Elaine M. , Zemel Babette S.
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Youth-onset type 2 diabetes is an aggressive condition with increasing incidence. Adults with type 2 diabetes have increased fracture risk despite normal areal bone mineral density (aBMD), but the influence of diabetes on the growing skeleton is unknown. We compared bone health in youth with type 2 diabetes to control patients with obesity or healthy weight.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Cross-sectional study of youth (56% African American, 67% female) ages 10–23 years with type 2 diabetes (n = 180), obesity (BMI >95th; n = 226), or healthy weight (BMI <85th; n = 238). Whole-body (less head) aBMD and lean mass as well as abdominal visceral fat were assessed via DXA. Lean BMI (LBMI) and aBMD SD scores (z scores) were computed using published reference data.

RESULTS

We observed age-dependent differences in aBMD and LBMI z scores between the healthy weight, obese, and type 2 diabetes groups. In children, aBMD and LBMI z scores were greater in the type 2 diabetes group versus the obese group, but in adolescents and young adults, aBMD and LBMI z scores were lower in the type 2 diabetes group versus the obese group (age interactions P < 0.05). In the type 2 diabetes group and the obese group, aBMD was about 0.5 SDs lower for a given LBMI z score compared with healthy weight control patients (P < 0.05). Further, aBMD was lower in those with greater visceral fat (β = −0.121, P = 0.047).

CONCLUSIONS

These results suggest that type 2 diabetes may be detrimental to bone density around the age of peak bone mass. Given the increased fracture risk in adults with type 2 diabetes, there is a pressing need for longitudinal studies aimed at understanding the influence of diabetes on the growing skeleton.
Bone Mass and Density in Youth with Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and Healthy Weight
Authors: Kindler Joseph M. , Kelly Andrea , Khoury Philip R. , Katz Lorraine E. Levitt , Urbina Elaine M. , Zemel Babette S.
Published: August 2020

Objective: Youth-onset type 2 diabetes is an
aggressive condition with increasing incidence. Adults with type 2 diabetes
have increased fracture risk despite normal areal bone mineral density (aBMD),
but the influence of diabetes on the growing skeleton is unknown. We compared bone
health in youth with type 2 diabetes to controls with obesity or healthy weight.

Research Design and Methods: Cross-sectional study
of youth (56% African American, 67% female) ages 10-23 years with type 2
diabetes (n=180), obesity (BMI>95th; n=226), or healthy weight
(BMI<85th; n=238). Whole body (less head) aBMD and lean mass, and
abdominal visceral fat were assessed via DXA. Lean body mass index (LBMI) and
aBMD standard deviation (SD) scores (“Z-scores”) were computed using published
reference data.

Results: We observed age-dependent differences in aBMD
and LBMI Z-scores between the healthy weight, obese, and type 2 diabetes groups.
In children, aBMD and LBMI Z-scores were greater in the type 2 diabetes vs
obese groups, but in adolescents and young adults, aBMD and LBMI Z-scores were
lower in the type 2 diabetes vs. obese group (age interactions P<0.05). In
the type 2 diabetes and obese groups, aBMD was about 0.5 SDs lower for a given
LBMI Z-score compared to healthy weight controls (P<0.05). Further, aBMD was
lower in those with greater visceral fat (β=-0.121,
P=0.047).

Conclusions: These results suggest that type 2 diabetes may be detrimental to bone
density around the age of peak bone mass. Given the increased fracture risk in
adults with type 2 diabetes, there is a pressing need for longitudinal studies
aimed at understanding the influence of diabetes on the growing
skeleton.
Has COVID-19 delayed the diagnosis and worsened the presentation of type 1 diabetes in children?
Authors: Rabbone Ivana , Schiaffini Riccardo , Cherubini Valentino , Maffeis Claudio , Scaramuzza Andrea , Diabetes the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and
Published: August 2020

Objective: To evaluate if the diagnosis of pediatric
type 1 diabetes or its acute complications changed during the early phase of
the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.

Research Design and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, web-based survey of
all Italian pediatric diabetes centers to collect diabetes, diabetes
ketoacidosis (DKA), and COVID-19 data in patients presenting with new-onset or
established type 1 diabetes between February 20 and April 14 in 2019 and 2020.

Results: 53/68 centers (77.9%) responded. There was a
23% reduction in new diabetes cases in 2020 compared to 2019. Among those newly
diagnosed patient who presented in DKA, the proportion with severe DKA was
44.3% in 2020 vs 36.1% in 2019, p = 0.03. There were no differences in acute
complications. Eight patients with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 had laboratory-confirmed
SARS-CoV-2.

Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic might have altered diabetes
presentation and DKA severity. Preparing for any “second wave” requires
strategies to educate and reassure parents about timely ED attendance for
non-COVID-19 symptoms.
Contribuições do ensaio teórico para os estudos organizacionais
Authors: Boava Diego Luiz Teixeira , Macedo Fernanda Maria Felício , Sette Ricardo de Souza
Published: August 2020

O ensaio teórico consiste em uma dimensão pouco explorada no campo da pesquisa organizacional atual. Tal situação se deve a predominância da orientação funcionalista de pesquisa, que coloca como ponto central a produção de um saber embasado em relações de causa e efeito. Neste trabalho visa-se tornar claro outras possibilidades, novos caminhos, para se produzir o saber organizacional, discorrendo sobre o ensaio teórico. Nada mais correto que ensaiar sobre o ensaio, apesar da tautologia. A relevância desta proposta consiste em demonstrar que um ensaio teórico original pode representar uma revitalização da ciência.
The Effects of Exchange Rate on Norway’s Bilateral Trade Flow to the UK Via Maritime and Other Transport Modes: Does the ‘Marshall-Lerner’ Condition Hold?
Authors: Saeed Naima
Published: August 2020

This paper analyzes the impact of macroeconomic variables such as real exchange rate, exchange-rate volatility, and economic growth of the UK and Norway on Norway’s bilateral trade flow to the UK via maritime and other transport modes. The first two models considered trade volume (import and export) via only maritime transport, while the third and fourth models considered trade volume via modes other than maritime transport. The empirical validity of the Marshall-Lerner condition is tested to see whether a devaluation of the real exchange rate improves the trade balance in the long term. In addition to the long-term relationship among variables, short-term effects are also evaluated. The results show that the real income of Norway and its trading partner (the UK) is the main determinant of bilateral trade flow via maritime and other transport modes. Moreover, the results indicate that in the long run, the Marshall-Lerner condition is satisfied only for bilateral trade via modes other than maritime transport.
Content Analysis of Primary School Mathematics Textbooks and its Relationship with Pupils Achievement
Authors: Aperar Singh Parmjit Singh , Mohd Yusoff NurulHudha , Teoh Sian Hoon
Published: August 2020

Malaysia has undergone several changes in its education policy from KBSR to KSSR over the decades and the changes in school textbooks follow suit. The current KSSR Math textbooks used were developed in 2014/15 and millions of Ringgits has been spent by the government to provide quality education for all. However, the findings from International studies such as TIMSS and PISA have shown a low level of attainment, especially in word problems, among Malaysian pupils in the learning of mathematics. Is there a possibility that this low attainment in mathematics education in schools, among other factors, have something to do with the content analysis of the textbook’s pupils use in the classroom?  A three-phase descriptive-correlational content analysis design was utilized for the study. In the first phase of the research, a total of eleven mathematics texts (4 textbooks and 7 activity books) from Primary One to Primary Four were analyzed according to eleven types of categories as modelled by the Van de Walle (1998) framework. The findings show that the problem categories were not represented in a systematic manner throughout Year One to Year Four mathematics texts. Some categories were overrepresented while others were underrepresented. The next phase finding depicts a significant relationship between pupils’ achievement in the Word Problem Test categories and the distribution of word problem categories across all grade levels. In other words, results showed that pupils face more difficulty on the problems that were underrepresented and least difficulty that were overrepresented. As mathematics syllabuses in KSSR keep expanding and focus more on high order thinking skills among pupils, it is important to make sure that the sources are well prepared for the cause. Therefore, the curriculum and textbook developer should consider taking input from research to provide up to date information related to curriculum matters and in this case to the variety of word problem categories in ration that benefit pupils across levels.
The Effects of Perceived Leadership Styles and Emotional Intelligence on Attitude toward Organizational Change among Secondary School Teachers
Authors: Ahmad Mukhtar Nusrah , Yuen Fook Chan
Published: August 2020

This study employed a descriptive-correlational research design to investigate the relationships of perceived leadership styles and emotional intelligence on attitude toward organizational change in Malaysian secondary school context. The study involved a total of 360 teachers chosen randomly from five secondary schools in Selangor. The study was conducted based on the three-stage planned change from Lewin’s (1947). This study only focuses on the unfreezing stage as a guide to study the potential relationships of the three research variables. In this study, the leadership styles were derived from Bass and Avolio’s (2000) model of transformational and transactional leadership, while emotional intelligence has been referred to Wong and Law’s (2002) theory. However, the dependent variable of attitude toward organizational change was referred to Dunham, Grube, Gardner, Cummings & Pierce (1989). The conceptual framework of this study proposed an impact of leadership styles and emotional intelligence on the attitude toward organizational change. The correlation analysis shows that leadership styles and emotional intelligence are positively linked to attitude toward organizational change. Basically, the findings have practical implications toward the improvement of principals’ leadership and enhancement of emotional intelligence of teachers.  Besides, it also has implications on the attitude toward organizational change in Malaysian education system.
Moderating Effects of Student Motivation on the Relationship between Learning Styles and Student Engagement
Authors: Mat Halif Mazuin , Hassan Narehan , Sumardi Nur Athirah , Shekh Omar Aida , Ali Sharrifah , Abdul Aziz Rozilah , Abdul Majid Afiza , Salleh Nor Fazalina
Published: August 2020

This research examined both the relationship and the effects of learning styles and student engagement at three selected Universiti Teknologi MARA, (UiTM) Malaysia state campuses using the VARK learning style model. The effects of students’ learning styles and their relationships to classroom engagement were analyzed. Three categories of students’ majors which were Social Science (SS), Technical Science (TS) and Pure Science (PS) were segregated to identify the moderating effects of student motivation on the relationship between learning styles and student engagement. The results revealed that only visual learning style was found to influence all three dimensions (behavioral, cognitive and emotional) elements of student engagement. These results also showed that visual learners had higher classroom engagement as opposed to both auditory and kinesthetic learners. It was also reported that all elements of student motivation (achievement, recognition, relationship with peers and relationship with lecturers) did significantly moderate the relationship between learning styles and student engagement.  It is recommended that instructors should employ varieties of teaching methods to encourage student engagement according to their fields of study. It is further suggested that motivation should be enriched among students to yield higher student classroom engagement. 

Keywords: Homogenous Group, Learning Styles, Student Engagement, University Students,
The Role of Relatedness in Student Learning Experiences
Authors: Yusof Norhafezah , Awang-Hashim Rosna , Kaur Amrita , Abdul Malek Marzura , Suppiah Shanmugam S. Kanageswari , Abdul Manaf Nor Aziah , Seow Voon Yee Angelina , Zubairi Ainol Madziah
Published: August 2020

Failure in addressing students’ needs in the context of student learning experiences may lead to negative impact on the image of higher education. Framed in self-determination theory, this study examined students’ relatedness on most satisfying experiences in their respective universities. Participants’ (N=1974) responses to open-ended questions were inductively coded to understand relatedness principles of student learning experiences to emerge from the data. The findings revealed that students valued the role of lecturers in professional and personal contexts, peers for friendship and teamwork and academic and non-academic experiences resulted from projects and activities. Given this, to provide a positive learning environment for students, university management needs to address and support lecturers’ well-being, pay attention to student relations on campus and support academic and non-academic activities. By understanding the roles of connecting students to lecturers, students to students and students to administrative staff, we could build a dynamic and functional campus environment for each party to live and care about each other.

Keywords: Learning environment, Learning experience, Relatedness, Student engagement
Gendered Teaching Identities and Chinese Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of Teacher Efficacy in the English Language Classroom
Authors: Lovett Trevor
Published: August 2020

This qualitative narrative study asked Chinese undergraduate students to identify characteristics of teacher effectiveness and whether or not gender affected an individual’s teaching performance. The investigation raises questions about ways in which teachers’ contemporary classroom practices are evaluated. The research findings not only challenge current market-oriented teacher competency models but also contradict previous studies concerning the effects of gender on teaching efficacy. The study revealed the teacher character traits that this particular cohort of students considered the most influential on their learning.

Keywords: competency, good teachers, narrative, neoliberalism, Chinese students
Crisis Management at the Commune Level in Poland
Authors: Bąk Tomasz
Published: August 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of crisis management at the community level in Poland. It contained information on a number of hazards caused by rapid technological development, frequent weather anomalies, or progressive degradation of the natural environment. It was noticed that due to constantly changing threats, the crisis management process was being evaluated. This situation requires a well-organized crisis management system at every administrative level. It was emphasized that crisis management was the activity of public administration bodies as part of managing national security.
The A2/AD Concept in the Fifth Operational Domain
Authors: Bobric George-Daniel
Published: August 2020

In the last decade, the world has faced a major change of the security balance, new directions of action being drawn by the main actors of the global scene. States are trying to expand their spheres of influence, to invest in research and technological development, especially to achieve the military superiority in different operational domains, to train their armies following the evolution of the security environment and the changing trends of conducting the armed struggle and to improve their military capabilities to gain or to maintain control over certain areas of interest. This is why, in the last years, the states have invested in military assets that can assure a complete implementation of the anti-access/area denial concept. Starting from the ideas that the A2/AD concept can be applied to all operational environments and that the cyberspace is the fifth domain of the armed struggle, in this paper, after a short glance at the increased interest of three powerful countries in this particular concept, a fastidious excogitation on it will be performed in the second part, while the third part will contain information regarding the cyber operations and their role in implementing the A2/AD concept in the battlefield characterized by 0s and 1s and, lastly, the main objectives of pursuing cyber attacks will be analyzed.
The Afghan “Fog of War”
Authors: Bojor Laviniu , Cîrdei Ionuț Alin
Published: August 2020

The terrorist attacks of 9/11 took the USA and NATO by surprise, as they are still under the euphoric effect of celebrating the fall of the Eastern European ideological walls and the collapse of the communist bloc. The immediate response of the military operations led to the neutralization of the Taliban forces or more precisely to their removed from political power and denial the influence of Al Qaeda. The purely military approach dominated the initial kinetic clashes and conquered the physical terrain but failed to dominate the society marked by perennial conflicts, widespread corruption, poverty and multiple ethnic and tribal fragmentations. The Afghan insurgency that formed seems to have managed to slow down and finally block the reconstruction and development effort made by the strong NATO-centred coalitions. The article examines the causes of the Afghan “fog of war” that led to this great failure and makes recommendations that must be taken into account in future military conflicts.
Public Relations – A Key Aspect in Countering Terrorism
Authors: Dimitrov Mitko , Yankov Alexander
Published: August 2020

Today the security environment is characterized by a continuous increase in uncertainty - we are faced with numerous non-traditional threats and challenges. Regardless of time and place, these threats have an impact not only on individual regions and countries. They are generating different risks and negative consequences on a global scale. The radically altered security environment has increased the need to improve ways and mechanisms for interaction between institutions throughout the security sector. Developing coordinated policies and a strategic conceptual framework for countering new threats, including hybrids, has proved to be a key task in security. Obviously, all of this can’t happen without the help of the communication experts in the structure. In almost all security-related institutions, units have been set up to support and inform the public of all actions of the security authorities. It is clear that the PR in the security sector must derive from the specific nature of the sector in which they take place. In crisis situations, activities related to PR include speaking to members of the media, crisis communication, etc. The goal in PR is to have interaction between the organization, the media and the society. It is generally good that the PR activity is proactive, not reactive, to outpace events, not to run after them.
Development of the Concepts for Providing Close Air Support
Authors: Manush Hristov
Published: August 2020

The main objective of the study is to trace the perceptions of the task of an aviation component to provide direct aviation support to both ground and naval forces. Part of the study is devoted to tracing the combat experience gained during the assignment by the Bulgarian Air Force in the final combat operations against the Wehrmacht during the Second World War 1944-1945. The state of the conceptions at the present stage regarding the accomplishment of the task in conducting defensive and offensive battles and operations is also considered. Emphasis is also placed on the development of the perceptions of the task in the armies of the United States and Russia.
Using Weaponized Machine Learning in Cyber Offensive Operations
Authors: Nica Constantin , Tănase Tiberiu
Published: August 2020

Using Machine Learning in cyber defensive operations has proved to be highly efficient especially for fast pattern detection. There is yet an application in using Machine Learning in cyber offensive operations in order to improve existing skill set of human operators, or enable large scale offensive operations, otherwise hard to do, without extensive manpower. Machine Learning can be a solution to the complexity of present-day world structure, it can support full autonomous work mode operations and can support asymmetric operations by being the perfect invisible enemy. Having a fully autonomous system that can launch multiple attacks in multiple domains (social, infrastructure, telecoms) simultaneously, can be valuable in a world of interconnected networks. For military operations, it’s obvious that in the era of 4th generation warfare, such solutions might give an advantage over the other combatants. Furthermore, Machine Learning can become a formidable weapon if used right in the era of 5th generation conflicts, where it can target the individual itself, escalating effects to groups of people. The paper presents a generic framework in using Machine Learning in offensive cyber operations as a solution to the present-day expansion of cyber operations on foreign and national territory.
Levels of Logistic Support in Un-Multinational Operations
Authors: Pînzariu Sorin , Pleşanu Toma
Published: August 2020

The way in which the logistical support is organized, planned and ensured in the multinational operations carried out under the aegis of the UN and the command of this organization, represents not only a main objective of the structures for planning and conducting the logistical support, but also a center of gravity for these military actions.. In this sense, the knowledge of the structures, their role and their responsibilities, from a logistical point of view, is just as important as the knowledge of the policies, strategies or regulations of this extremely important field.
An Intelligence Perspective on Privacy and Data Protection Risks in Social Media
Authors: Șandor Andrei
Published: August 2020

Since the emergence of Internet and social media, new Intelligence branches have flourished, like CYBERINT (Cyber Intelligence), OSINT (Open Source Intelligence) or SOCMINT (Social Media Intelligence), with the aim to exploit different dimensions of the virtual world. These Intelligence-related disciplines may inquire personal information, statements and conversations posted voluntarily on websites or social platforms in order to profile people, identify social networks and organizational structures, and uncover vulnerabilities and threats/risks that can jeopardize the security of individuals or organizations. In this respect, the Internet - as environment - can provide valuable information from both technical and social side. This is why the World Wide Web is and will remain an important place to search for data and information that can be processed into Intelligence, and represents the reason why people working in sensitive domains (e.g. Intelligence) should be aware of their vulnerabilities and the risks and threats posed by this environment.

DISCLAIMER: This paper expresses the views, interpretations, and independent position of the authors. It should not be regarded as an official document, nor expressing formal opinions or policies, of NATO or the HUMINT Centre of Excellence.
The Importance of Intelligence in Biosecurity and Bioterrorism
Authors: Velicof Mihai
Published: August 2020

The main purpose of this article is to delimitate the concepts of biosecurity and bioterrorism and to highlight the importance of intelligence in the decision-making process. Biosecurity and bioterrorism are two terms who can be very similar at first view, but they are very different, and they only interconnect at one point, the first one is including the second. The first term biosecurity or biological security can be simply defined as an action taken to prevent a damage from a biological threat and bioterrorism is a form of terrorism which involves the use of a biological weapon. The intelligence in relation with biosecurity and bioterrorism can be defined as a process which is producing an analysis for the organisation. Biosecurity, bioterrorism and intelligence are all interconnected, the last one is the most important because a good intelligence can reduce or even disrupt threats and emergencies by providing an effective decision-making support when is needed. Intelligence has a very important role in managing bio threats only if stakeholders such as scientists, the first responder, clinicians and others are engaged in the process of taking the decision. A good intelligence provides a very important mechanism in understanding the threat and estimating the risk for a better decision to enable a potential biothreat.
IED – The “Tool of Death”
Authors: Vladu Mircea , Popescu Stelian
Published: August 2020

All media, from states that have sent military structures to Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, etc., have commented and continue to comment extensively on the effects of military outbreaks of improvised explosive devices, abbreviated IED. Many civilians are rightly wondering what an IED is and what destructive performance it records as a result of its coming into operation by different means. Years ago it was found that there were also some soldiers who did not have much knowledge about IEDs and consequently lost their lives, especially in Iraq, but also in Afghanistan, because they did not have the necessary and sufficient training, based on which to be able to apply procedures if they discovered these „tools of death”, located on the ground or at targets, or when trying to help their comrades seriously injured by the explosions of these devices. In those conditions, the military decision-makers imposed the implementation in the combat manuals of EOD protection. With all the measures taken, by the military decision-makers, the IEDs continued to make new victims in Iraq, Afghanistan, Syria, etc., among the local defense forces, the multinational Coalition military, the civilian population, the animals used as suicide bombers, etc. Starting from this finding and knowing what was written about these „tools of death” through combat manuals and specialized articles, developed by the military based on the lessons learned from the „dust” of Iraq and Afghanistan, I intend, through this paper, to try to put together some information that will provide further insights into IEDs and the danger it poses to local defense forces, to the Alliance’s military and civilian population, who are on Afghan ground.
Toxic Leadership in the Military Organization – A Theoretical Approach to Failed Leadership
Authors: Baboș Alexandru , Rusu Raluca
Published: August 2020

The toxic leadership refers to destructive behaviours and leaders’ personal characteristics which cause serious damage to the subordinates and organizations. Still, what is toxic for the military in one country can be good in another one, given the cultural differences. This article wants to emphasize, from a theoretical approach, the main characteristics and effects of toxic leadership within the military organization.
Quantitative and Qualitative Methods as a Basis for Decision-Making
Authors: Bădilă Mădălina-Ioana , Cioca Lucian-Ionel , Moşteanu Dănuț Eugeniu , Moşteanu Ruxandra
Published: August 2020

For decades, researchers have been trying to identify the factors that significantly influence the conflicting results in the organizational environment. This search has become more stringent through recently published scientific evidence demonstrating strategic changes. Using multi-factorial analysis, this study mixes qualitative and quantitative methods by which we can examine the pro-organizational performance on a university-type population. The qualitative results indicate that the analyzed organization develops corporate-strategic schemes that are being used to attribute the advantage meant to guide the competitive behavior.
Sustainable Development Policies in the Context of Globalization
Authors: Mancia Mircea-Sebastian , Mancia Aurora , Popoviciu Gabriela A. , Paina Liliana
Published: August 2020

The EU, founded about 70 years ago (1957), to ensure the peace of Europe and the entire world; today, another mission of the European Union is “the well-being and survival of our citizens” (Fr. Timmermans - European Commission COM22 30.01.2019). Sustainable development aims to improve the life of citizens of Europe through lasting economic growth while setting the priorities related to this desire. In 2015, the UN General Meeting adopted the 2030 Agenda and in 2017 the “Declaration from Rome of the leaders of the European states that are members of the European Union” was signed. Through these documents, the necessary and obligatory steps have been established to protect the planet and to ensure the needs of future generations. The objectives set are for the long-term modification of economic development, respecting, and protecting the resources and the environment in the context of future sustainable development. Being UN and EU member and being signed by the Romanian government of the “2030 Agenda”, it launched in November 2018 “The National Strategy for the Sustainable Development of Romania 2030”, which takes into account the present needs and those of future generations, focusing on the respect for the citizen.
Study on the Financing of the National Defense System, Public Order and National Security in Romania
Authors: Huseraș Alin Teodor , Pîrvuț Valentin
Published: August 2020

This paper aims to review the legislative framework that regulates the organization and operation of the National Defence System, Public Order and National Security in Romania. And then, analyse the expenditures of the main public domains that are included in the concept of extended national security. Public spending is an extremely important component of the state budget, through which, according to the needs of society, a percentage of public resources is allocated in order to meet those needs, as well as for the development of public sectors of interest. This scientific paper is divided into two sections: the first chapter considers the theoretical approach of the legislative framework, the organization of the system (N.D.S.P.O.N.S.), the presentation of the objectives and main directions of action promoted by the National Strategy of Defence; the second chapter, is an quantitative analysis, which summarise the case study of expenditure in public sectors of national interest, with focus on the following areas: defence; public order; national security; health; and education. Therefore, based on these data, Romania’s position is analysed, compared to the average of European countries (EU27), in terms of the maturity level of the public resource budgeting/spending.
Economic Growth and Defence Spending: An Efficiency Analysis of Romania’s Conscription Suspension
Authors: Huseraș Alin Teodor , Spînu Andrei Ciprian
Published: August 2020

National defense is one of the key sectors responsible for maintaining national security, being considered at the same time an element of great importance and strict necessity of the public sector. The performance of defense functions and missions are closely linked to the military capabilities of this sector, which in turn depend on the budget for defense spending. This paper deals with some theoretical issues in the economic field of defense, regarding the size of defense spending in GDP and their social effects. It is also trying to carry out an analysis on the efficiency versus inefficiency in the use of defense resources, to finance the two types of recruitment systems, namely: by conscription or voluntary will. In order to be able to achieve the above, graphical analysis methods and calculation dermination method were used. The efficiency of spending public funds depends on both objective factors such as: distribution of a certain share of GDP to a certain area; attracting internal and external funding, as well as subjective factors, like: allocating resources to certain categories of expenses; allocating resources to certain defense programs; effective management of these resources by the competent structures. Therefore, for a program to be considered effective, it must meet the requirements of the collective needs of society, be rationally implemented and be sustainable.
Evaluation of the Economic Values of Urban Heritage in the Central Area of Ploieşti Municipality
Authors: Merciu Florentina-Cristina , Ianoș Ioan , Cercleux Andreea-Loreta , Merciu George-Laurențiu
Published: August 2020

Heritage buildings incorporate multiple values (architectural, historical, cultural, aesthetic, social, symbolic, authenticity value) to which the economic one (they can be used as commercial and residential spaces, or it can offer cultural experiences for tourists) is added. The cultural services generated by the heritage properties are also used by the local population. The aim of this paper is to analyse the economic values of use and non-use of heritage properties in the central area of Ploieşti Municipality. The authors used the contingent valuation method to identify the non-used economic value. The economic use value of heritage properties was estimated by using the hedonic price method (e.g. expressed in accessibility from homes to shops on foot). Moreover, the economic value was evaluated using the indicator types of use of the heritage buildings. The results obtained by using the non-market valuation highlight the economic potential of the heritage properties located in the central area of Ploieşti city.
Empirical Research on the Resilience of the National Financial System to Vulnerabilities and Risks
Authors: Stanciu Leontin , Stanciu Cristian-Lucian
Published: August 2020

In the market economy, the financial system includes a set of specialized markets, where the demand of financial resources is faced with the supply, through specific mechanisms and within a framework regulated by the financial authorities. At the macroeconomic level, the major importance of the financial system lies in the fact that it ensures, through the markets that it consists of, the mobilization of the existing financial resources available in the economy at a given time and their transfer to various investment projects. In fact, the mission of the financial system is to finance the real economy. In a versatile economic environment, the financial system is often subjected to pressure factors, shocks that can affect its “well-being”. In this context, the authors, using specific scientific research methods, aimed to investigate and highlight certain main aspects of the methodological and pragmatic framework concerning the resilience of the national financial system to different pressure factors.
Application of the Moratorium Over the Payment of Loans in Connection with the COVID-19 Pandemic and its Impact on the National Security in the Republic of Bulgaria
Authors: Marinov Milen Tomov
Published: August 2020

The activities of banking institutions regarding crediting are undoubtedly among the most significant sources of free capital for the functioning of the market economy of the EU Member States. Therefore, crediting represents one of the most common forms of business financing and the accomplishment of future investment intentions. This mechanism of the credit portfolio serves an extremely wide range of activities related to the specifics of the respective business. Of course, loans are not only used by legal entities engaged in business activities, but they are also engaged to a large extent in the participation of the individuals in the turnover. The provided Moratorium over the payment of loans in the EU is a particularly important act that seeks to bring stability and predictability to the banking system and the public, both for legal entities engaged in business activities, as well as for individuals who, as a result of the imposed measures to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic, cannot carry on with their usual activities. The purpose of the present article is to analyse the effect of the moratorium upon the payment of loans and its significance for ensuring the national security in the Republic of Bulgaria in the context of overcoming the negative effects of the pandemic on the EU and the Bulgarian economy.
Public Procurement Principles Generated by the Treaty of Rome
Authors: Popa Ioan-Gabriel
Published: August 2020

In order to understand the principles of public procurement in Romania, it is necessary to analyze, on the one hand, the European directives that regulate the actual public procurement and, on the other hand, the context in which the European directives were adopted. Even with the directives in force, the more general provisions contained in the Treaty of the European Economic Community (EEC) in Rome, hereinafter referred to as the Treaty, are applied, as well as many more general principles of law that will guide the interpretation of these directives. The Treaty was adopted in Rome, in 1957 and became applicable from January 1, 1958. It is considered that the source of the principles of public procurement is the Treaty. Even if in Treaty contained no specific provisions regarding the field of public procurement, it reflects the principles and the general framework for the functioning of the single market, a market characterized through the prism of the fundamental freedoms established by the Treaty: the free movement of goods, services, capital and persons. As the field of public procurement is closely linked to the free movement of goods, this principle is promoted and implemented in the practice of this field based on the regulations, directives and decisions of the Community institutions. The role of the free movement of goods is to harmonize the relationships involved in the process of purchasing goods, but also to ensure the homogeneity, coherence and balance of this process.
Juridical Aspects Regarding the Exceptional Measures Imposed during the State of Emergency
Authors: Stoian Alexandru
Published: August 2020

According to art. 20 of the Emergency Ordinance no. 1/1999 of the Romanian Government, the state of emergency imposes “non-military measures of public order and it is instituted in case of special threats to the national security or to the functioning of the constitutional democracy, as well as in the case of different disasters”. The requirement to implement economic, social or political measures in the case of the state of emergency is directly dependent on the progressive nature of the danger. During the state of emergency, the exercise of fundamental rights and freedoms may be restricted and important responsibilities of the public administration authorities are subordinated to the competence of the public order authorities, specified in the decree establishing the state of emergency. The spread of the SARS-CoV2 coronavirus, in the international context of the declaration of the pandemic by the World Health Organization, led to the adoption by the Decree of the President of Romania no. 195 of March 16, 2020 on the establishment of the state of emergency on the territory of Romania, which had important consequences in terms of restriction on the exercise of fundamental rights and freedoms.
Particularities of the Military Leadership in the Context of Social Networking
Authors: Sfârlog Benoni , Cucoș Ionuț , Stănciulescu Robert
Published: August 2020

The evolutions in the theaters of operations have highlighted in the last decades a profound change of the realities in the sense of the increasingly obvious contouring of an enemy whose characteristics are specific to the social networking. Since the classic ways of action are inefficient under these circumstances, it became necessary to investigate and explain the new realities. In this context, military leadership acquires certain particularities that concern, on the one hand its essential foundations and, on the other hand, the actual ways they display at all hierarchical levels.
Energy Management of Electromechanical Systems on the Board of a Ship
Authors: Asalomia Laurențiu Bogdan , Samoilescu Gheorghe
Published: August 2020

The paper analyzes, starting from the Integrated Management System, the role of automation, the role of the officer and the role of the Energy Management System on board the ship. The implementation of an EnMS establishes the structure and discipline of identifying energy flows, implementing management actions and, finally, applying technical solutions, which significantly reduce energy costs, reduce non-productive time in production, and reduce emissions. of Greenhouse Gases in the environment. The steps to be highlighted in the realization of energy management are analyzed.
Some Classes of Surfaces Generated by Blending Interpolation on a Triangle with One Curved Side
Authors: Baboş Alina
Published: August 2020

The blending interpolation has many practical applications. Remind that blending interpolation is to interpolate a function at an infinite set of points: segments, curves, surfaces, etc. Thus, if one gives the contour of an object by such elements (segments, curves, surfaces) using a blending interpolation, we can generate a surface that contains the given contour. Hence, we can construct a surface (a blending function interpolant) which matches a given function and certain on its derivatives on the boundary of a plane domain (rectangle, triangle, etc. The aim of this paper is to construct some surfaces which satisfy some given condition on the boundary of a domain that can be decomposed in triangles with one curved side. We construct some new surfaces using some Lagrange, Hermite, Birkhoff and Nielson type operators.
Árpád Fortification Line, as a Horthist Heritage of the Eastern Carpathians and Capitalization of the Tourism Potential of Ilvelor Valley from Bistriţa-Năsăud County, Romania
Authors: Cioanca Lia-Maria
Published: August 2020

The fortified system Árpád, which bears the name of the former Hungarian dynasty set up during World War II, mainly by the Hungarian horthist, stretched for more than 600 kilometers, one third being on the territory of Romania, and the rest on the territory of Ukraine, Slovakia and Poland. In developing this article, I applied the case study as a research method, which allowed me to inventory and evaluate these Horthy fortifications, but also to collect certain data related to their impact on the life of the local community and tourists visiting the area. Throughout the investigations and the documents studied, I found that the Hungarians built in the Rodna Mountains, right in the heart of the mountains, dozens of casemates for defense and attack and, although they had to be destroyed by those who ordered their arrangement, the hasty withdrawal of the Horthyists left some of the bunkers almost intact. The case study shows that the bunkers here were smaller and slightly stiffer. The Hungarians were inspired by the French and Belgian fortifications occupied by the Germans, and the concept was rethought and adapted to the natural conditions in the Carpathians. Following the study, I found that the horthyst defensive system in Transylvania was planned to have 5 types of casemates, depending on their role: surveillance or firing nests or depending on what they housed: ammunition, soldiers or officers. The entire northern group of the Eastern Carpathians bear the traces of armed conflict. Such arrangements can be found in the territories of Rodna, Ilva Mică, Ilva Mare and Mureşenii Bârgăului, areas with a rich natural tourism potential, which, exploited to its true value, could attract many curious and eager tourists to know the history of the places.
UTICAJ LINIJATURE RASTER VALJKA NA UNIFORMNOST OTISKA I REPRODUKCIJU BOJE U FLEKSO ŠTAMPI
Authors: Ćurić Milan , Dedijer Sandra
Published: August 2020

Tehnika flekso štampe je danas jedna od vodećih tehnika u grafičkoj industriji. Ono što je izdvaja od ostalih tehnika jeste njena prilagodljivost različitim podlogama. Kako svaka tehnika teži da obezbedi što veći kvalitet otiska, potrebno je kontrolisati sve parametre koji utiču na postizanje istog. Za dobijanje što uniformnijeg otiska flekso štampe služi raster valjak. Tri glavne osobine raster valjka su: ugao graviranja, linijatura i volumen. Njihova kombinacija određuje količinu i preciznost prenošenja boje na podlogu. Ispitivanje ujednačenosti prenosa boje može se izvršiti pomoću različitih metoda, međutim, ovaj rad se fokusira na ispitivanje analiziranjem motlinga u štampi.
RAZVOJ BAZE ZNANJA PUBLIKACIJA SA POKRETNIM ELEMENTIMA
Authors: Pavković Biljana , Novaković Dragoljub , Đurđević Stefan
Published: August 2020

Predmet ovog rada jeste razvoj baze znanja publikacija sa pokretim elementima. Razvoj baze znanja predstavlja upoznavanje sa procesom izrade publikacija koje sadrže pokretne elemente, upoznavanje sa osnovnim mehanizmima koji se koriste za izradu publikacija sa pokretnim elementima, načinom projek­tovanja tih mehanizama kao i načinom njihovog prika­zivanja u trodimenzionalnom obliku.