bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Secession of the South and the American Civil War on the Pages of the Russian Magazine “Domestic Notes” (1861–1865)
Authors: Prilutskiy V. V.
Published: February 2025

This article examines the coverage of the secession (i.e. separation) of the South, the causes, features, beginning, course and end of the Civil War in the United States on the pages of the Russian magazine “Otechestvennye zapiski” (“Domestic Notes”) (1861–1865). At the beginning of the conflict, this periodical, much like a significant part of the Russian press of the time, expressed sympathy to the Northern states, while condemning the slave-holding South.

Generally, detailed accounts of battles were absent from Russian periodicals; instead, they focused on the underlying causes, significant features, and the initial and final phases of the “American War.” The author of this article focuses on how the perspectives of contributors to “Otechestvennye zapiski” magazine evolved regarding the key events associated with the Southern states’ secession and the Civil War. The article outlines the methods and strategies employed to cover events from 1861 to 1865 in the magazine. Furthermore, it analyzes the factors that influenced shifts in the viewpoints of Russian journalists and publicists concerning this armed conflict as it unfolded. An important aspect addressed in this study is how the representation of the West in general and America in particular in the Russian periodical press corresponded with the perceptions presented in the “Otechestvennye zapiski” magazine about the American Civil War.
British Public Opinion toward the Soviet Union on the Eve and at the Beginning of the Second World War
Authors: Mezentsev V. F.
Published: February 2025

The article explores British public opinion regarding the USSR on the eve of and during the early stages of the Second World War. By utilizing various sources, including public opinion polls, materials from the British press, and testimonies of contemporaries, it reconstructs perceptions of the Soviet state’s role and significance in international politics, its influence on European and global events, as well as the repercussions of decisions made by Soviet leadership.  In the early months of 1939, just prior to the outbreak of the Second World War in Europe, British perceptions of the Soviet Union were intricate and diverse. These viewpoints reflected a blend of historically established attitudes toward Russia and the political preferences of different segments of British society concerning the Soviet regime. As the war unfolded, these perceptions were further shaped by the rapidly changing military and political landscape in Europe, alongside the actions of the Soviet government, which were evaluated based on their influence on the course of the conflict. British society's attitude toward the Soviet state was primarily driven by the perception of the USSR as a significant and potentially valuable participant in the European confrontation, with Hitler's Germany already recognized as the principal adversary.
Levies from Mills in Prikamye in the 17th – 18th Centuries (Socio-Economic and Geographical Perspective)
Authors: Kosmovskaya A. A.
Published: February 2025

The article studies the mill economy in Prikamye region in the 17th – 18th centuries. It draws information about millrelated taxes from various sources, including receipt books of the Novgorod local administrative office (prikaz), annual voivodeship reports (smetny spisok), censuses, registers, reports, list notebooks, reports to central and local governmental institutions. The considerable number of mills in the region indicates a high level of hydraulic engineering work. The study identifies key trends in the development of the mill economy in Prikamye during this period. Most mills were water-powered, and the construction of larger facilities indicated a growing sophistication in commoditymoney relations. State policy during the era of Peter the Great emphasized the need to account for all income sources, including mill fees. A notable increase in government oversight of mills occurred with the establishment of an office dedicated to recording these fees. The largest mills, which operated year-round, were predominantly situated in economically thriving areas where the local population engaged in bread production. Following Peter’s reforms, the majority of taxes collected from mills originated from the estates of the Stroganovs and the Kungur district. The products of the Kama flour mill, including flour and cereals, were not only sold in local markets but also exported to neighboring regions. The article further evaluates the size of cash receipts to the state treasury and identifies the locations of the mills. It categorizes various mill designs and examines the social composition of the owners of these significant facilities.
Treatment of Textile Industrial Wastewater using Membrane Technology: A Review
Authors: Amillia Amillia , Maryudi Maryudi , Chusna Firda Mahira Alfiata , Hakika Dhias Cahya , Rahayu Aster , Santosa Imam , Mohammed Hamad Khudhair
Published: February 2025

Textile industry wastewater is a very complex pollutant-containing waste with high dye intensity, requiring proper and appropriate treatment. Membrane technology is one of the appropriate methods for treating textile wastewater due to several advantages such as environmentally friendly and biopolymer-based processing. Therefore, this review aimed to determine the effectiveness of membrane technology and provide information regarding the appropriate treatment of textile wastewater. The articles subjected to review were obtained from several journal sources such as ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Springer, Google Scholar, and national journals. The results showed that several membranes had been used in textile wastewater treatment, such as PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene), PES (Polyethersulfone), Polysulfone-Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone Blend Polymer Composite Membrane, CA (Cellulose Acetate), Cellulose Membrane of Sargassum Sp., polysulfone (PSF), Bacterial Cellulose Membrane, and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP). Furthermore, membrane technology was found to reduce dye pollutants in textile wastewater with the highest coefficient value of approximately 97%.
A Qualitative Research on National Athletes' Use of Ergogenic Aids: The Case of Combat Athletes
Authors: Dinç Nurten , Abay Beşikçi Ezgi
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to examine the views of national athletes on the use of ergogenic aids. Qualitative research method was utilized in the study and phenomenology design was used. The study group of the research was determined by 'convenience sampling' technique within the framework of the purposeful sampling method. The study group consisted of students 36 studying at Manisa Celal Bayar University Faculty of Sports Sciences and national athletes in combat sports. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, the codes for starting to use ergogenic support were obtained as individual research, friend recommendation, coach recommendation (trainer) and doctor. For the duration of using ergogenic support, short (less than 1 month), medium (1-5 months) and long (6 months and more) codes were obtained. In the reason for the use of ergogenic aids, the codes of weight loss, preparation for the competition and accelerating recovery were reached. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, in Figure 4, the codes of psychological well-being, fat burning, weight loss, physiological recovery, fast recovery (after training after injury), performance increase were reached as positive in the contribution of ergogenic aids. Negatively, weight gain, kidney fatigue and abdominal pain codes were obtained. As a result of the analysis of the data obtained, in the emotions after the use of the product in Figure 5; psychologically, psychological well-being, motivated, anxious, ease of focusing and happy codes, and physiologically energetic/dynamic, tired, sleep comfort and gaining strength codes were reached.
КОНСТАНТЫ РАВНОВЕСИЯ РЕАКЦИЙ В СИСТЕМЕ C90-N2
Authors: Барбин Н.М. , Якупова Л.В. , Терентьев Д.И. , Куанышев В.Т. , Кусайкин Д.В. , Корякова И.П.
Published: February 2025

Используя метод компьютерного термодинамического моделирования изучено поведение высшего фуллерена С9о при нагревании в атмосфере азота при давлении 0,1 МПа. Моделирование заключалось в полном термодинамическом анализе системы с использованием программного комплекса TERRA. Температурный интервал эксперимента - от 273 К до 33 73 К. Описаны протекающие физико-химические процессы, разделенные на четыре класса. Рассчитаны константы равновесия реакций с выделением температурных интервалов, методом наименьших квадратов вычислены величины, характеризующие положение констант равновесия и приведены аналитические зависимости этих констант от температуры.
Utility of Middle Meatus Cultures and Blood Cultures in the Management of Pediatric Patients with Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis Who Required Surgical Intervention
Authors: Espinosa Maria ,   Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, USA, Eng James ,   Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, USA, Dale Timothy ,   Baylor College of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, USA, Lambert Elton M ,   Texas Children’s Hospital, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, USA
Published: February 2025

Introduction: Orbital and intracranial complications of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) in children relies on empiric and/or culture-directed antibiotics for treatment

Objective: The goal of our study is to determine the reliability of preoperative cultures, including bedside Middle Meatus Cultures (MMCx) and Blood Cultures (BCx), and their correspondence to intraoperative sinus culture in children with orbital and intracranial complications of ABRS in children.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for orbital and intracranial complications of ABRS at a tertiary children’s hospital. Demographic information and data including diagnosis, imaging, indications for surgery and surgery type, preoperative MMCx and BCx, and surgical sinus cultures were analyzed.

Results: Seventy-eight patients admitted for ABRS required surgical intervention. Patients were 76% male, and between 2 and 202 months of age (mean 127 months, SD 47.6). 34.6% experienced intracranial complications. Of the 78.2% with orbital complications, 48.7% were diagnosed with orbital cellulitis, and 38.4% with a subperiosteal abscess. The presence of an abscess was the most common indication for surgery, with a mean abscess length of 23.7mm on AP dimension. 59 patients required a repeat ESS. Fifteen patients underwent MMCx, while 55 had BCx. 60% of MMCx and 5.5% of BCx corresponded with surgical cultures. Eighty-seven percent of BCx had no growth of organisms. On Fischer’s exact test, only growth of staphylococcus aureus on MMCx was statistically significant in predicting growth on surgical cultures (p = 0.009).

Conclusions: Most middle meatus cultures correlate with intraoperative sinus cultures. Growth of staphylococcus aureus on MMCx was statistically significant in predicting growth on surgical cultures. Blood cultures do not correlate with surgical cultures. Middle meatus cultures may be useful in tailoring antibiotic therapy in children with complications of ABRS.

Keywords: Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis; Pediatric; Middle meatus culture
The Association of Body Mass Index with Malocclusion in Children - A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis
Authors: Singal Kusum ,   Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Center for Evidence-Based Child Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India, Malik Vivek Singh ,   Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Center for Evidence-Based Child Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India, Sachdeva Meenakshi ,   Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Center for Evidence-Based Child Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India, Singh Manvi ,   Department of Telemedicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India, Pradhan Pranita ,   Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Center for Evidence-Based Child Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India, Singh Meenu ,   Department of Pediatrics & In-charge Department of Telemedicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and dental malocclusion remains uncertain. This systematic review aims to assess the link between BMI and malocclusion in children and adolescents.

Sources of Data and Study Selection: Through electronic and manual searches up to August 2021, 1002 records were found, with 610 screened after removing duplicates. Eight studies were included in qualitative synthesis, and four in quantitative analysis. Malocclusion types, including crossbite, spacing, and crowding, were key review outcomes. The NIH quality assessment tool was used for bias assessment. This review encompassed eight studies involving 4128 children. Pooled analysis demonstrated significantly larger spacing in normal BMI children compared to those with low BMI. No significant difference was found in crossbite prevalence [1.33 (0.42, 4.25), p=0.63, I2=0%, p=0.85]. A quality assessment revealed four good-quality studies and the rest with poor/ fair quality.

Conclusion: The impact of BMI on childhood malocclusion remains debated. Current research lacks consistent evidence linking BMI to malocclusion. To progress, future studies need standardized classifications and robust evaluation of confounding factors. This approach will strengthen understanding and guide effective interventions.

Clinical Significance: Despite extensive research, the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and dental malocclusion remains unclear, highlighting the complexity of this relationship. This systematic review suggests that normal BMI children tend to exhibit larger spacing between teeth compared to those with low BMI. Understanding such associations can aid in early detection and intervention strategies for malocclusion in children and adolescents.

Keywords: Dental Malocclusion; Body Mass Index (BMI); Children; Adolescents; Malnutrition; Systematic review; Meta-analysis; Crowding; etc
Method and theory of genome profiling (GP) developed for identification and classification of organisms
Authors: Nishigaki Koichi
Published: February 2025

Details of the method and theory on the genome profiling (GP), which provides with the method for species identification and classification of organisms, are first described. GP consists of three major steps: i.e., random PCR, micro-temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (μTGGE), and extraction and processing of featuring points contained in genome profiles (results of the former step) generating species identification dots (spiddos). Methodological, physical and biological meanings of ‘random PCR’, ‘μTGGE’, ‘spiddos’, ‘genome distance (dG)’ and others introduced in this study are originally discussed. This paper gives a base for understanding the diversity of GP achievements performed for 30 years written in an alternative review on GP (i.e., to appear in Briefings in Functional Genomics (in process)), especially underscoring the importance of the spiddos parameter for calculating closeness of species and constructing genome database. Spiddos contains such a kind of information termed as SIOWS (sequence information obtained without sequencing), which is essentially unique and important for the GP technology, derived from the sequence-specific DNA melting phenomenon together with DNA melting theory. Succeedingly, one can understand why GP enables us to draw the sufficient amount of information without sequencing of genomic DNA. This also explains why identification/classification of species can be so readily and universally done by GP. It requires the perspective on the nature of spiddos. Since this paper first provides detailed procedures of GP and in-depth theoretical explanation of the GP-related phenomena, a wide range of scientists (Bacteriology, Infectious Disease Medicine, Epidemiology, Environmental Science, Biodiversity Science, Mutagen Research, Taxonomy, Bio-database Science, and others) can engage in applications of GP, which is difficult without sufficient understanding of the method and theory of GP.
Direct activation of C(sp3)−H bonds by carbon dots photoredox catalysts
Authors: Li Dingxi , Chi Xianhao , Zhai Keping , Hui Mingwei , Zhu Meifang , Chen Di , Ma Yuyong , Wang Le
Published: February 2025

Photoredox catalysis driven by precious metal complexes has unlocked significant opportunities in organic synthesis. However, their extreme scarcity and high environmental footprint necessitate the development of more sustainable alternatives. While other photocatalysts such as organic dyes and polyoxometalate anions have been explored, they often suffer from limited tunability of their photophysical properties. Carbon dots (CDs), low-cost and easily synthesized materials with highly tunable photo- and electro-physical characteristics, offer a promising yet underexplored option for photocatalysis. Here, we present the first example of CDs-catalyzed photoredox C(sp³)–H bond functionalization. Remarkably, minor variations in CDs composition significantly alter reactivity, switching between Giese radical addition and dehydrogenative annulation. These results establish CDs as versatile, metal-free photoredox catalysts, offering unique selectivity and mechanistic diversity for sustainable organic synthesis.
Aryl Thiocyanate as an Organic ‘CN’ Source: Circular Chemical Economy Approach to Access Thiocyano-Thioesters from Cyclic Thioacetals
Authors: Behera Mousumi , Shukla Shubham , Dharpure Pankaj D. , Bhat Dr. Ramakrishna G.
Published: February 2025

We report a mild, transition metal-free, organophotoredox-catalyzed visible light mediated strategy for accessing thiocyano-thioesters from cyclic thioacetals, using aryl thiocyanate as an organic ‘CN’ source. Additionally, the by-product diaryl disul-fide is efficiently repurposed as a recyclable and reusable substrate for the sustainable synthesis of phenyl thiocyanates, supporting the circular chemical economy. This method exhibits broad functional group tolerance and is applicable to 5- to 8-membered cyclic thioacetals. The reaction is also scalable to gram quantity. A series of control experiments, fluorescence quenching and cyclic voltammetry analysis supported a plausible reaction mechanism.
Exploring Quantum Computing for Metal Cluster Analysis
Authors: Pollard Nia , Hines A'Laura , Clayborne Andre
Published: February 2025

This study explores the application of quantum computing to metal cluster analysis through the development and implementation of a quantum-DFT embedding workflow. Classical computational methods, while transformative, often face limitations in achieving chemical accuracy and computational efficiency, particularly for nanoscale systems. To address these challenges, we integrate the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) with density functional theory (DFT), leveraging the capabilities of quantum computing aiming to improve the modeling of electronic structures. Aluminum and gold clusters were used as model systems to test the established workflow. The workflow successfully determined electronic properties for aluminum clusters up to Al7. Although gold clusters were used as a test case to investigate the potential reduction of NO, memory limitations, the lack of relativistic corrections, and the inability to handle open-shell systems presented challenges that underscore the need for advancements in quantum hardware and algorithms. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates the potential of quantum DFT embedding to advance materials discovery, including applications in catalysis and nanomaterial design, while providing insights into the current limitations of near-term quantum devices.
Endohedral Coordination of Bulky Substrates in Metalloenzyme-like Organometallic Nanotubes
Authors: Pickl Thomas , Mollik Patrick , Anneser Markus R. , Sixt Florian , Geißer Korbinian , Storcheva Oksana , Halter Dominik , Pöthig Alexander
Published: February 2025

Artificial receptors inspired by metalloenzymes share three key properties: a structurally flexible cavity, substrate binding via metal–ligand coordination, and metal-based redox activity. Herein, we report an organometallic nanotube with such features based on our supramolecular pillarplex platform, with eight CuI centers integrated in its cavitand walls. The structurally adaptable cavity of this recep-tor enables the endohedral coordination of tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a hydrophilic model substrate with remarkable binding affinity de-spite a steric mismatch between the host and guest. Evidence from SC-XRD, 1H NMR titration in aqueous solution, and DFT modelling confirms that metal–ligand coordination governs substrate binding. Electrochemical analysis of a derived rotaxane reveals metal-centered redox activity.
Writing skills improvement and development of critical thinking
Authors: Revutska S.
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the importance of improving writing skills along with the development of critical thinking. Despite significant achievements in this area, the study of critical thinking and its individual aspects as a complex phenomenon, as a necessary component of the process of improving writing skills, remains relevant. The interest in this topic will not diminish. The aim of the article is to substantiate the necessity of a comprehensive approach to writing skills improvement, that should be based on the simultaneous development of both writing skills and critical thinking skills for higher education students; to describe teaching techniques and technologies effective for the development of writing in a foreign language using critical thinking skills.

The process of developing critical thinking takes place within the framework of improving discourse competence (coherence and cohesion), one of the four components (grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, strategic) defined as parts of the general communicative competence.

Discourse competence can be improved when the development and strengthening of the grammatical competence component (words and rules) have already been completed.

As the work on improving writing skills in foreign language classes for higher education students is supposed to adopt a holistic and comprehensive approach the Complex for improving writing skills is offered. The main requirements for the Complex for improving writing skills are as follows: grammatical competence (words and rules) is supposed to be basically formed; critical thinking skills should correspond to the accompanying mental operations; it is mandatory to work on words and phrases that enable logical transitions between between pieces of information in narration ; it is mandatory to work on techniques that train emotional control, the ability to communicate effectively under pressure while maintaining neutrality; and the development of cooperation skills and self-organization with the use of digital tools is essential.

A detailed list of technics is offered that are parts of the Complex for Improving Writing Skills, which consists of 3 stages (1) accumulation of information from various sources; 2) research/processing of information (comparison, analysis, evaluation, ordering; sorting; testing different points of view, different possibilities and justification); 3) conclusion, recognition and analysis of errors, decision-making). The Complex for Improving Writing Skills aligns with the core requirements for fostering critical thinking while enhancing communicative competence in foreign language classes at higher education institutions.
The Proactive Face of Cybersecurity: Certification. Legislation and Market Response from the Perspective of ITSEF
Authors: Andrukiewicz Elżbieta , Krawiec Piotr
Published: February 2025

The first European Cybersecurity Certification Scheme according to the Common Criteria (EUCC) specifies a number of additional requirements for Conformity Assessment Bodies (CABs) to be technically competent to provide evaluation and certification services. The NIT Testing Laboratory (ITSEF) has developed a roadmap to meet these requirements and obtain the status of an authorized ITSEF that can provide assessments of ICT products at the "high" assurance level. The roadmap consists of 3 parts: one organizational part concerning the management system and two technical parts concerning evaluations. The paper presents two action points: the innovative approach that NIT ITSEF has implemented regarding the integrated management system in the laboratory in order to achieve optimal cost-benefit ratios and the reliable and verifiable methodology for calculating the attack potential that NIT ITSEF has used to prove that the penetration tests developed and executed on the evaluated software product meet the requirements of AVA_VAN.5. The roadmap will fulfill all the requirements necessary to obtain the status of an authorized ITSEF in the EUCC program.
Discussion on the Construction of Part-Time Teachers in Higher Vocational Colleges
Authors: Ye Hong , Zhong Yuan , Yi Chunxi
Published: February 2025

High-quality professional teaching staff is an important guarantee to achieve high-quality sustainable development of higher vocational colleges. Part-time teachers are an essential part of the teaching staff of higher vocational colleges, playing a vital role in higher vocational education. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the management of part-time teachers in higher vocational colleges, such as irregular employment, lack of systematic training, imperfect teaching quality monitoring and evaluation system, weak incentive policy, high turnover, and poor stability. Combined with the characteristics of part-time teachers, this paper explores the construction strategy of part-time teachers in higher vocational colleges, builds a high-quality and high-level part-time teacher team, and provides references for achieving high-quality sustainable development of higher vocational colleges.
Research on Teaching Strategies of Kindergarten Nature Education Course for Preschool Education Majors in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Ye Wenqi
Published: February 2025

Nature education program is an essential teaching content in kindergarten, which is not only conducive to enhancing children’s knowledge of the natural environment and awareness of protection but also cultivating their exploratory ability. As the future practitioners of kindergarten education, preschool education majors in colleges and universities are now actively exploring the implementation strategies of kindergarten nature education programs and innovating the construction method of nature education programs, which not only directly affects the high quality of their future teaching work, but also helps to promote the cognitive development of young children and the enhancement of their practical skills. Based on this, this paper outlines the teaching strategies of a kindergarten nature education program from the perspective of letting young children get close to nature, discovering nature, and other aspects of preschool education majors in colleges and universities.
Research on the Reform and Practice of Basic Nursing Teaching Model Based on the OBE Concept
Authors: Mai Qi
Published: February 2025

In response to current issues in basic nursing course instruction, this article proposes a teaching model reform based on the OBE (outcome-based education) concept. By resetting course objectives, innovating teaching methods and content, reforming the assessment and evaluation system, as well as conducting practical explorations and case studies, the aim is to enhance teaching quality and cultivate students’ practical abilities and comprehensive qualities. The article elaborates on the application of the OBE concept in nursing education and its effectiveness evaluation, providing a valuable reference for nursing education reform.
Research on Monitoring and Intervention Systems for College Students’ Mental Health Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Lyu Meng
Published: February 2025

Due to the existing “island” state of psychological and behavioral data, there is no way for anyone to access students’ psychological and behavioral histories. This limits the comprehensive understanding and effective intervention of college students’ mental health status. Therefore, this article constructs an artificial intelligence-based psychological health and intervention system for college students. Firstly, this article obtains psychological health testing data of college students through online platforms or on-campus system design, distribution of questionnaires, feedback from close contacts of students, and internal campus resources. Then, the architecture of a mental health monitoring system is designed. Its overall architecture includes a data collection layer, a data processing layer, a decision tree algorithm layer, and an evaluation display layer. The system uses the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to calculate the information gain of the processed sample data, selects the attribute with the maximum value, and constructs a decision tree structure model to evaluate students’ mental health. Finally, this article studies the evaluation of students’ mental health status by combining multidimensional information such as the SCL-90 scale, self-assessment scale, and student behavior data. Experimental data shows that the system can effectively identify students’ mental health problems and provide precise intervention measures based on their situation, with high accuracy and practicality.
Beyond Misconduct: A New Perspective on Delinquent Adolescents
Authors: Majid Mariam Abd , Hamdi Usman Abur , Mohamad Noraini , Azizan Nurzatil Ismah , Haridi Noor Hafizah Mohd , Ismail Zainab , Rahman Aisyah Humairak Abdul
Published: February 2025

The generation of present-day adolescents is the future national asset, by which this group has a vital role in the future leadership and governance of the country. However, countless cases and news of teenagers’ involment in social misconduct pose a great concern to various parties. The rise in the cases of adolescents’ involment in delinquency misconduct poses a great concern to society. It shows the need for effort to encircle it.  The research gap of this article is due to lack of knowledge about delinquent adolescents among society. Therefore, this article aims to identify a definition of delinquent juvenile. The method used is qualitative, and the main instrument of the study is SLR (Systematic Literature Review). A rigorous criteria for inclusion of studies was developed, comprehensive search strategies were employed to identify eligible published studies. Twelve studies based on 880 articles reviewed met the inclusion criteria. A detailed discussion of these 12 literature reviews is presented through two dimensions, the differences and similarities in the definition of delinquent adolescents. Hence, the findings of this study propose the definition of delinquency indirectly is all misconduct leading to negative things that damage the morals and personality of an individual adolescent and negatively impact the adolescent himself, his family, race, religion, and country. The findings greatly can contribute to the corpus of knowledge on adolescents and delinquents.
Mapping Quranic Exegesis Research: Trends, Contributions, And Future Directions
Authors: Nirwana AN Andri , Dahliana Yeti , Rhain Ainur , Nugroho Kharis , Nurrahim Ahmad , Azizah Alfiyatul , Daud Zainora
Published: February 2025

This study explores the development and trends in Quranic exegesis research based on publications indexed in the Scopus database between 1994 and 2023. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the patterns, themes, and contributions in this field while highlighting areas for future scholarly exploration. Utilizing advanced data analysis tools, including Ms. Excel, R/R-Studio, and VOSviewer, the study examines key aspects such as publication growth, institutional contributions, author productivity, and thematic focus. The findings reveal significant growth in Quranic exegesis research since 2009, with the highest number of publications recorded in 2022. Malaysia emerges as the leading contributor, with Universiti Malaya identified as the most active institution. The results also indicate a shift in thematic focus, integrating modern topics such as religious moderation, social media, and discourse analysis alongside traditional areas like Quranic interpretation and linguistics. Despite these advancements, the study identifies a limited level of international collaboration, with fewer than 6% of publications involving cross-national authorship. This highlights the need for more significant global partnerships to enrich perspectives and foster innovation in Quranic studies. The insights provided by this study offer a valuable reference for researchers and institutions, paving the way for future advancements in Quranic exegesis research.
Ibn Miskawaih's Ethical Philosophy and Its Relevance to Moral Education in Indonesian Secondary Schools
Authors: Juwaini Juwaini , Rijal Syamsul , Basir @ Ahmad Aminudin , Desky Harjoni , Tamtowi Moh , Mawardi Mawardi , Safira Cut Siska
Published: February 2025

This study explores the application of Ibn Miskawaih’s ethical philosophy in shaping moral education in Indonesian secondary schools, focusing on Madrasah Aliyah (MA) and General Senior High Schools (SMA). Amid increasing concerns over student deviant behaviors—such as bullying, online gambling, and indiscipline—this research examines how Ibn Miskawaih’s framework, which emphasizes the harmonization of reason (al-Nathiqah), emotion (al-Ghadabiyyah), and instinct (al-Bahimiyyah), is operationalized in contemporary educational settings. Using a qualitative case study approach, data collection involved observations, interviews, and document analysis. Findings reveal distinct approaches: MA integrates religious mentoring and structured moral education, while SMA incorporates moral values within broader character education initiatives. However, both face challenges, including inconsistent parental involvement, weak supervision, and the absence of structured moral assessment tools. This study highlights the need for stronger school-family collaboration, enhanced supervision policies, and systematic moral evaluation instruments. By bridging classical Islamic ethical thought with contemporary education, this research provides valuable insights into the role of Ibn Miskawaih’s philosophy in addressing modern moral challenges and fostering holistic character development among students.
The Impact of Leadership, Motivation, and Remuneration on Employee and Organizational Performance at PTN-BH in Sumatra
Authors: Radhi Fahrul , Yunus Mukhlis , Amiruddin Amiruddin , Ruslan Ruslan , Kesuma T Meldi , Alexandri Mohammad Benny
Published: February 2025

In recent years, Indonesian universities have transitioned to legal entity state universities (PTN-BH). This transition significantly impacts employee performance, requiring adjustments in organizational management, particularly in leadership, motivation, and remuneration. This study investigated how leadership style, motivation, and employee compensation influence civil servant performance and, in turn, the performance of PTN-BH universities in Sumatra. The research focused on Universitas Sumatera Utara (USU), Universitas Andalas (UNAND), Universitas Negeri Padang (UNP), and Universitas Syiah Kuala (USK), with a population of 4,382 teaching staff members who have at least five years of service. A sample of 367 individuals was selected using the Slovin formula. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SPSS-AMOS-22 software. Key findings showed that leadership style, motivation, and remuneration directly impact both employee and organizational performance. Specifically, leadership style affected both employee and organizational performance, as do motivation and remuneration. Employee performance served as a partial mediator between leadership style and organizational performance, as well as between motivation and organizational performance. The study highlighted how improving leadership practices, motivating employees effectively, and ensuring fair compensation contribute to the overall success of Legal Entity State Universities in Sumatra.
“THE ONE WITH THE WHITE SPOT ON HIS HEAD”: A FAVORITE ANIMAL AND ITS ROLE IN THE SELF-AWARENESS OF THE HAMAR
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Zhukova Liudmila G.
Published: February 2025

This article explores the phenomenon of “errawak” – the favorite
animal in the culture of the Hamar, a pastoral people of southwestern Ethiopia.
It examines the process of selecting and ritually transforming the errawak,
its role in shaping the shepherd’s identity and social connections within the
community. The study analyzes cultural practices associated with errawak,
including composing songs and conducting ceremonies. The article shows
how key aspects of the Hamar worldview, their aesthetic preferences, and
spiritual values are reflected through relationships with errawak. Additionally,
the research reveals the ritualistic aspects of errawak care, the symbolic
significance of physical modifications made to the animal, and the impact of
these practices on Hamar social structure. The paper also explores the linguistic
aspects of naming errawak and how these names become an integral part of the
owner’s identity. By analyzing the errawak tradition, in contrast to simplified
notions of human-animal relationships in traditional cultures, the article raises
questions about the complex interaction between human and animal worlds in
pastoral societies, extending beyond purely economic relations. The errawak
phenomenon is considered in the context of modern anthrozoological studies
examining the role of animals in shaping human identity. Parallels are drawn
between the attitude towards errawak among the Hamar and the perception of
pets in Western culture. The article contributes to understanding the diversity
of forms of human-animal interaction across different cultures.
METHOD OF AIRCRAFT RECOGNITION FROM AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS USING NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors:   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mitsevich Maksim D. , Tassov Kirill L. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Gorbunov Dmitrii V. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Published: February 2025

Tasks of recognizing aircraft in images are becoming more and
more relevant. One of the possible approaches to solving the problem is the use
of neural networks that can perform image preprocessing, detection and classification tasks. Known methods for solving the problem of recognizing similar
objects use, as a rule, a single neural network. This paper describes a method
based on the application of two neural networks. One network is used to search
and select rectangular bounding boxes with objects, and the other network is
responsible for assigning the found objects to different classes. As the analysis
showed, the use of two neural networks resulted in improved detection and
classification accuracy. The increase in the accuracy of object search is associated with the reduction of the number of trained parameters and training of
the first network only for detection. Classification accuracy was improved due
to better tuning of the second network. The developed approach proposes an
algorithm that performs image preprocessing, detects frames with objects in
the original image and then classifies the found objects. The proposed method
can be used in existing systems of automated control and analysis of the airfield
condition by recognizing aircraft placed on it
THE EMINENT DOMAIN VIS-À-VIS THE CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO NORTH EASTERN STATES OF INDIA
Authors: Ao Moatoshi
Published: February 2025

The Sixth Schedule and Articles 371A, 371B, 371C, 371G, and 371H have conferred the North Eastern States of India with customary autonomy and self-government, including ownership and transfer of land. The acquisition of land for infrastructural development by the State has been debated in the interface of Eminent domain, a legal principle that allows the government to take private property for public use, with compensation. This principle overlaps with the customary ownership of land by the tribal people. On one hand the Constitution has conferred the tribal people with absolute protection of customary rights while on the other hand the application of Eminent domain have also caused erosion of customary rights and displacement of tribal communities. Further, the developmental schemes of the State is delayed and frustrated in the conflict between the customary law and the statutory law. This paper endeavors to examine the legal framework and the role of judiciary in harmonizing the conflict between Eminent domain of the State with the customary and Constitutional rights of tribal communities of the North Eastern States.
Analisis Soal dan Kemampuan Peserta Didik dalam Penilaian Akhir Tahun (PAT) Ditinjau Berdasarkan Gender
Authors: Ulfa Syavira , Sitompul Stepanus Sahala , Hamdani Hamdani
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenjang kognitif pada soal penilaian akhir tahun dan kemampuan peserta didik dalam menjawab soal penilaian akhir tahun mata pelajaran fisika yang ditinjau berdasarkan gender di SMA Negeri 4 Sungai Raya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan merupakan metode survei dengan bentuk penelitian kuantitatif. Sumber data penelitian ini yaitu kelas X yang berjumlah 2 kelas dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 67 peserta didik. Variabel yang diukur yaitu hasil belajar yang ditinjau berdasarkan gender. Data penelitian diperoleh dari hasil mengerjakan soal penilaian akhir tahun. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan perhitungan persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Pada soal penilaian akhir tahun lebih didominasi soal dengan level kognitif tingkat rendah. (2) Tidak ada perbedaan kemampuan peserta didik laki-laki dan peserta didik perempuan dalam menjawab soal penilaian akhir tahun. (3) Tidak ada pengaruh gender terhadap kemampuan peserta didik dalam menjawab soal penilaian akhir tahun.
Penerapan Media Wordwall Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pendidikan Pancasila Pada Siswa Kelas XI IIS 6 SMA Negeri 8 Mataram
Authors: Nurmayanti Ayu , Kurniawansyah Edy , Baihi Baihi
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang berfokus pada pemanfaatan media Wordwall untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila pada siswa kelas XI IIS 6 di SMA Negeri 8 Mataram pada tahun ajaran 2024/2025. Pengambilan data diambil memalui tes. Pengamatan hasil ujian menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami peningkatan hasil belajar secara konsisten di kedua siklus dibandingkan dengan hasil belajar di siklus sebelumnya. Kriteria berhasil pada penerapan tes siklus kedua. Kemajuan belajar siswa terjadi di setiap siklus, persentase ketuntasan klasikal meningkat dari 31% sebelum siklus menjadi 62% pada siklus I. Terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan pada siklus II, di mana ketuntasan klasikal mencapai 79% setelah penggunaan media Wordwall. Data yang diperoleh dari pengamatan di kelas menunjukkan bahwa menggunakan media Wordwall dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila. Penggunaan Wordwall dalam pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila telah terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Peran Pembelajaran Seni Tari dalam Mengembangkan Komunikasi dan Keterampilan Sosial Siswa Sekolah
Authors: Nugrohaji Adheari Sya’ban
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis peran pembelajaran seni tari dalam mengembangkan keterampilan komunikasi dan sosial siswa di SDN Durung Banjar Candi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Sampel penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, melibatkan siswa kelas V dan VI, guru seni budaya, serta kepala sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran seni tari memberikan kontribusi signifikan terhadap pengembangan komunikasi verbal dan nonverbal siswa, seperti kemampuan menyampaikan ide, memahami isyarat, dan meningkatkan kepercayaan diri. Selain itu, seni tari juga berperan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan sosial, seperti kerja sama, toleransi, dan penghormatan terhadap perbedaan. Namun, implementasi pembelajaran seni tari di sekolah masih menghadapi kendala berupa minimnya fasilitas, alokasi waktu terbatas, dan kurangnya pelatihan guru. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa seni tari merupakan media yang efektif untuk mendukung pendidikan holistik siswa, sehingga perlu didukung dengan kebijakan dan fasilitas yang memadai. Temuan ini memberikan implikasi bagi pengembangan kurikulum seni budaya yang lebih terintegrasi untuk membentuk siswa yang berkarakter dan adaptif terhadap tantangan global.
Gender Influence on Pre-service Biology Teachers’ TPACK Profile
Authors: Aina Mia , Sanjaya Muhammad Erick , Pramudi Muhammad Indar , Sanova Aulia , Muthia Gusti Ayu
Published: February 2025

TPACK research has been conducted on several subject teachers in schools in Jambi. However, research on prospective teachers, especially Biology, has not been widely conducted. What is new about this study is seeing the differences in TPACK results of female and male prospective teachers, which has not previously been done on prospective Biology teachers in Jambi. This research aims to examine the gap between two groups of male and female teacher candidates in assessing their TPACK knowledge. This study was conducted by distributing questionnaires to prospective teacher students using Google Form. There were 63 students consisting of 13 males and 50 females. The research method used was quantitative descriptive. The results showed that there were quite significant differences in TK and TCK indicators related to technology use. This is due to differences in training and time of technology use. Although male and female prospective teachers rated their domain knowledge very high, especially regarding CK, they rated their technological knowledge lower, including their ability to link this knowledge into TCK, TPK, and TPACK. This study has also produced recommendations for future research to improve TPACK of prospective biology teacher students
Development of Pop-Up Book Learning Media on IPAS Class IV Elementary School Energy Material
Authors: Mafithroh Gadis Dwi , Wulandari Desi
Published: February 2025

This study aims to develop and test the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of pop-up book material on changing the form of energy. This research is a research and development that refers to the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Data collection techniques used test techniques (pretest-posttest) and non-tests in the form of observation, questionnaires, interview results, and document data. The results of validation by material and media expert validators showed that the pop-up book met the valid criteria with an average score of 91.4%. Based on the results of the pretest-posttest, the results show that pop-up books are effective in improving student learning outcomes with the results of an increase in the average pretest score of 50.68 to 84.77 on the posttest, the N-Gain test results obtained were 0.73 with a high category. Based on the results of the response questionnaire, a positive response was obtained from teachers and students. From these results it can be concluded that the pop-up book on the material of changing the form of energy is effective for improving student learning outcomes and is feasible and practical to use in learning IPAS grade IV SDN Ngijo 01 Semarang City.