bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vesicular glutamate transporters are H+-anion exchangers that operate at variable stoichiometry
Authors: Kolen Bettina , Borghans Bart , Kortzak Daniel , Lugo Victor , Hannack Cora , Guzman Raul E. , Ullah Ghanim , Fahlke Christoph
Published: May 2023

Vesicular glutamate transporters accumulate glutamate in synaptic vesicles, where they also function as a major Cl- efflux pathway. Here we combine heterologous expression and cellular electrophysiology with mathematical modeling to understand the mechanisms underlying this dual function of rat VGLUT1. When glutamate is the main cytoplasmic anion, VGLUT1 functions as H+-glutamate exchanger, with a transport rate of around 600 s−1 at −160 mV. Transport of other large anions, including aspartate, is not stoichiometrically coupled to H+ transport, and Cl- permeates VGLUT1 through an aqueous anion channel with unitary transport rates of 1.5 × 105 s−1 at −160 mV. Mathematical modeling reveals that H+ coupling is sufficient for selective glutamate accumulation in model vesicles and that VGLUT Cl- channel function increases the transport efficiency by accelerating glutamate accumulation and reducing ATP-driven H+ transport. In summary, we provide evidence that VGLUT1 functions as H+-glutamate exchanger that is partially or fully uncoupled by other anions.
REDbox: a comprehensive semantic framework for data collection and management in tuberculosis research
Authors: Lima Vinícius Costa , Rijo Rui Pedro Charters Lopes , Bernardi Filipe Andrade , Filho Márcio Eloi Colombo , Barbosa-Junior Francisco , Pellison Felipe Carvalho , Galliez Rafael Mello , Kritski Afrânio Lineu , Alves Domingos
Published: May 2023

Clinical research outcomes depend on the correct definition of the research protocol, the data collection strategy, and the data management plan. Furthermore, researchers often need to work within challenging contexts, as is the case in tuberculosis services, where human and technological resources for research may be scarce. Electronic Data Capture Systems mitigate such risks and enable a reliable environment to conduct health research and promote result dissemination and data reusability. The proposed solution is based on needs pinpointed by researchers, considering the need for an accommodating solution to conduct research in low-resource environments. The REDbox framework was developed to facilitate data collection, management, sharing, and availability in tuberculosis research and improve the user experience through user-friendly, web-based tools. REDbox combines elements of the REDCap and KoBoToolbox electronic data capture systems and semantics to deliver new valuable tools that meet the needs of tuberculosis researchers in Brazil. The framework was implemented in five cross-institutional, nationwide projects to evaluate the users' perceptions of the system's usefulness and the information and user experience. Seventeen responses (representing 40% of active users) to an anonymous survey distributed to active users indicated that REDbox was perceived to be helpful for the particular audience of researchers and health professionals. The relevance of this article lies in the innovative approach to supporting tuberculosis research by combining existing technologies and tailoring supporting features.
The medicinal activity of lyophilized aqueous seed extract of Lepidium sativum L. in an androgenic alopecia model
Authors: Albalawi Marzough Aziz , Hafez Ahmed M. , Elhawary Seham S. , Sedky Nada K. , Hassan Omnia F. , Bakeer Rofanda M. , El Hadi Soha Abd , El-Desoky Ahmed H. , Mahgoub Sebaey , Mokhtar Fatma A.
Published: May 2023

This study evaluated the topical effect of Lepidium sativum lyophilized seed extract (LSLE) towards Sustanon-induced alopecia in male adult Wistar albino rats in vivo, compared to minoxidil topical reference standard drug (MRD). LC–MS/MS together with molecular networking was used to profile the metabolites of LSLE. LSLE treated group revealed significant changes in alopecia related biomarkers, perturbation of androgenic markers; decline in testosterone level and elevation in 5α-reductase (5-AR); decline in the cholesterol level. On the other hand, LSLE treated group showed improvement in vascular markers; CTGF, FGF and VEGF. Groups treated topically with minoxidil and LSLE showed significant improvement in hair length. LC–MS/MS profile of LSLE tentatively identified 17 constituents: mainly glucosinolates, flavonoid glycosides, alkaloids and phenolic acids. The results point to the potential role of LSLE in the treatment of alopecia through decreasing 5(alpha)-dihydrotestosterone levels. Molecular docking was attempted to evaluate the probable binding mode of identified compounds to androgen receptor (PDB code: 4K7A).
Post-pubertal developmental trajectories of laryngeal shape and size in humans
Authors: Riede Tobias , Stein Amy , Baab Karen L. , Hoxworth Joseph M.
Published: May 2023

Laryngeal morphotypes have been hypothesized related to both phonation and to laryngeal pathologies. Morphotypes have not been validated or demonstrated quantitatively and sources of shape and size variation are incompletely understood but are critical for the explanation of behavioral changes (e.g., changes of physical properties of a voice) and for therapeutic approaches to the larynx. This is the first study to take this crucial step and results are likely to have implications for surgeons and speech language pathologists. A stratified human sample was interrogated for phenotypic variation of the vocal organ. First, computed tomography image stacks were used to generate three-dimensional reconstructions of the thyroid cartilage. Then cartilage shapes were quantified using multivariate statistical analysis of high dimensional shape data from margins and surfaces of the thyroid cartilage. The effects of sex, age, body mass index (BMI) and body height on size and shape differences were analyzed. We found that sex, age, BMI and the age–sex interaction showed significant effects on the mixed sex sample. Among males, only age showed a strong effect. The thyroid cartilage increased in overall size, and the angulation between left and right lamina decreased in older males. Age, BMI and the age–height interaction were statistically significant factors within females. The angulation between left and right lamina increased in older females and was smaller in females with greater BMI. A cluster analysis confirmed the strong age effect on larynx shape in males and a complex interaction between the age, BMI and height variables in the female sample. The investigation demonstrated that age and BMI, two risk factors in a range of clinical conditions, are associated with shape and size variation of the human larynx. The effects influence shape differently in female and male larynges. The male–female shape dichotomy is partly size-dependent but predominantly size-independent.
The effect of Alnus incana (L.) Moench extracts in ameliorating iron overload-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats
Authors: Abo-Elghiet Fatma , Mohamed Shaza A. , Yasin Noha A. E. , Temraz Abeer , El-Tantawy Walid Hamdy , Ahmed Samah Fathy
Published: May 2023

Iron overload causes multiorgan dysfunction and serious damage. Alnus incana from the family Betulaceae, widely distributed in North America, is used for treating diseases. In this study, we investigated the iron chelating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities of the total and butanol extract from Alnus incana in iron-overloaded rats and identified the bioactive components in both extracts using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We induced iron overload in the rats via six intramuscular injections of 12.5 mg iron dextran/100 g body weight for 30 days. The rats were then administered 60 mg ferrous sulfate /kg body weight once daily using a gastric tube. The total and butanol extracts were given orally, and the reference drug (deferoxamine) was administered subcutaneously for another month. After two months, we evaluated the biochemical, histopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical parameters. Iron overload significantly increased the serum iron level, liver biomarker activities, hepatic iron content, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and caspase-3 levels. It also substantially (P < 0.05) reduced serum albumin, total protein, and total bilirubin content, and hepatic reduced glutathione levels. It caused severe histopathological alterations compared to the control rats, which were markedly (P < 0.05) ameliorated after treatment. The total extract exhibited significantly higher anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities but lower antioxidant and iron-chelating activities than the butanol extract. Several polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, were detected by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) analysis. Our findings suggest that both extracts might alleviate iron overload-induced hepatoxicity and other pathological conditions characterized by hepatic iron overload, including thalassemia and sickle-cell anemia.
Spatio-temporal variations of extract produced and fatty acid compounds identified of Gundelia tournefortii L. seeds in central Zagros, Iran
Authors: Karimzadeh H. R. , Farhang H. R. , Rahimmalek M. , Esfahani M. Tarkesh
Published: May 2023

This study was performed to fulfill two aims. The first aim was to isolate the seed extract of Gundelia tournefortii L. at two phenological stages of seed production (the beginning and end of seed production); the second one was to identify the fatty acid compounds of G. tournefortii L. seeds in its major habitats located in the Central Zagros region, Iran. Among them, some of the major environmental factors on the reproductive growth stage i.e., physiography, soil and climate were studied. Extraction was performed using the Soxhlet apparatus, and the fatty acid compounds were identified by The GC-FID analysis. As a result, site No. 5 with the values of 6.06 and 7.21 g had the highest amount of extract produced, while sites number 7 and 8 had the least one which was 2.86 and 3.84 g at two phenological stages of seed production. There was a strong correlation among the major environmental variables and the amount of extract produced in the phenological stages of seed production; this was also confirmed in relation to the fatty acid compounds and some of their characteristics. Overall, the efficacy of environmental factors on the synthesis process of secondary metabolites is undeniable.
Identification of three elevenin receptors and roles of elevenin disulfide bond and residues in receptor activation in Aplysia californica
Authors: Fu Ping , Mei Yu-Shuo , Liu Wei‑Jia , Chen Ping , Jin Qing-Chun , Guo Shi‑Qi , Wang Hui‑Ying , Xu Ju‑Ping , Zhang Yan-Chu-Fei , Ding Xue‑Ying , Liu Cui-Ping , Liu Cheng-Yi , Mao Rui-Ting , Zhang Guo , Jing Jian
Published: May 2023

Neuropeptides are ubiquitous intercellular signaling molecules in the CNS and play diverse roles in modulating physiological functions by acting on specific G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Among them, the elevenin signaling system is now believed to be present primarily in protostomes. Although elevenin was first identified from the L11 neuron of the abdominal ganglion in mollusc Aplysia californica, no receptors have been described in Aplysia, nor in any other molluscs. Here, using two elevenin receptors in annelid Platynereis dumerilii, we found three putative elevenin GPCRs in Aplysia. We cloned the three receptors and tentatively named them apElevR1, apElevR2, and apElevR3. Using an inositol monophosphate (IP1) accumulation assay, we demonstrated that Aplysia elevenin with the disulfide bond activated the three putative receptors with low EC50 values (ranging from 1.2 to 25 nM), supporting that they are true receptors for elevenin. In contrast, elevenin without the disulfide bond could not activate the receptors, indicating that the disulfide bond is required for receptor activity. Using alanine substitution of individual conserved residues other than the two cysteines, we showed that these residues appear to be critical to receptor activity, and the three different receptors had different sensitivities to the single residue substitution. Finally, we examined the roles of those residues outside the disulfide bond ring by removing these residues and found that they also appeared to be important to receptor activity. Thus, our study provides an important basis for further study of the functions of elevenin and its receptors in Aplysia and other molluscs.
Multiple donor–acceptor design for highly luminescent and stable thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters
Authors: Madushani Bhagya , Mamada Masashi , Goushi Kenichi , Nguyen Thanh Ba , Nakanotani Hajime , Kaji Hironori , Adachi Chihaya
Published: May 2023

A considerable variety of donor–acceptor (D–A) combinations offers the potential for realizing highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials. Multiple D–A type compounds are one of the promising families of TADF materials in terms of stability as well as efficiencies. However, those emitters are always composed of carbazole-based donors despite a wide choice of moieties used in linearly linked single D–A molecules. Herein, we developed a multiple D–A type TADF compound with two distinct donor units of 9,10-dihydro-9,9-dimethylacridine (DMAC) and carbazole as the hetero-donor design. The new emitter exhibits high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) in various conditions including polar media blend and high concentrations. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) showed a reasonably high external quantum efficiency (EQE). In addition, we revealed that the multiple-D–A type molecules showed better photostability than the single D–A type molecules, while the operational stability in OLEDs involves dominant other factors.
Refraining from interaction can decrease fear of physical closeness during COVID-19
Authors: Kühne Katharina , Jeglinski-Mende M. A.
Published: May 2023

Perception of peripersonal space (PPS) and interpersonal distance (IPD) has been shown to be modified by external factors such as perceived danger, the use of tools, and social factors. Especially in times of social distancing in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is vital to study factors that modify PPS and IPD. The present work addresses the question of whether wearing a face mask as a protection tool and social interaction impact the perception of IPD. We tested estimated IPD in pictures at three distances: 50 cm, 90 cm, and 150 cm in both social interaction (shaking hands) and without interaction and when the two people in the pictures wore a face mask or not. Data from 60 subjects were analyzed in a linear mixed model (on both difference in distance estimation to the depicted distance and in absolute distance estimation) and in a 3 (distance: 50, 90, 150) × 2 (interaction: no interaction, shake hands), × 2 face mask (no mask, mask) rmANOVA on distance estimation difference. All analyses showed that at a distance of 50 and 90 cm, participants generally underestimated the IPD while at an IPD of 150 cm, participants overestimated the distance. This could be grounded in perceived danger and avoidance behavior at closer distances, while the wider distance between persons was not perceived as dangerous. Our findings at an IPD of 90 cm show that social interaction has the largest effect at the border of our PPS, while the face mask did not affect social interaction at either distance. In addition, the ANOVA results indicate that when no social interaction was displayed, participants felt less unsafe when depicted persons wore a face mask at distances of 90 and 150 cm. This shows that participants are on the one hand aware of the given safety measures and internalized them; on the other hand, that refraining from physical social interaction helps to get close to other persons.
The link between the sphingolipid rheostat and obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Horváth Péter , Büdi Lilla , Hammer Dániel , Varga Rita , Losonczy György , Tárnoki Ádám Domonkos , Tárnoki Dávid László , Mészáros Martina , Bikov András
Published: May 2023

Chronic inflammation induced by hypoxia during sleep is an important mechanism of microvascular damage in OSA patients. In this study, we investigated the role of the sphingosine rheostat, which has diverse inflammatory effects. Thirty-seven healthy subjects and 31 patients with OSA were recruited. We collected data on demographics and comorbidities. Plasma sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide antibody concentrations were measured by ELISA. The results were compared between the OSA and control groups, and the correlations between these measurements and markers of disease severity and comorbidities were explored. Ceramide antibody levels were significantly elevated in OSA patients (892.17 ng/ml) vs. controls (209.55 ng/ml). S1P levels were also significantly higher in patients with OSA (1760.0 pg/ml) than in controls (290.35 pg/ml, p < 0.001). The ceramide antibody concentration showed correlations with BMI (ρ = 0.25, p = 0.04), CRP (ρ = 0.36, p = 0.005), AHI (ρ = 0.43, p < 0.001), ODI (ρ = 0.43, p < 0.001), TST90% (ρ = 0.35, p = 0.004) and the lowest oxygen saturation (ρ =  0.37, p = 0.001) in the whole study population but not when patients with OSA were analyzed separately. The elevated ceramide antibody and sphingosine-1-phosphate concentrations in patients suffering from OSA suggests their involvement in the pathomechanism of OSA and its comorbidities.
GIS-based calculation method of surge height generated by three-dimensional landslide
Authors: Yu Guo , Zhou Xiaowen , Bu Lei , Wang Chengfeng , Farooq Asim
Published: May 2023

Combined with the spatial data processing capability of the Geographic Information Systems (GIS), the Pan Jiazheng method is extended from two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D), and a 3D landslide surge height calculation method is proposed based on grid column units. First, the data related to the landslide are rasterized to form grid columns, and a force analysis model of 3D landslides is established. Combining the vertical strip method with Newton's laws of motion, dynamic equilibrium equations are established to solve the surge height. Moreover, a 3D landslide surge height calculation expansion module is developed in the GIS environment, and the results are compared with those of the 2D Pan Jiazheng method. Comparisons showed that the maximum surge height obtained by the proposed method is 24.6% larger than that based on the Pan Jiazheng method. Compared with the traditional 2D method, the 3D method proposed in this paper better represent the actual spatial state of the landslide and is more suitable for risk assessment.
3-Phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 drives acquired resistance to osimertinib
Authors: Meraz Ismail M. , Majidi Mourad , Fang Bingliang , Meng Feng , Gao Lihui , Shao RuPing , Song Renduo , Li Feng , Lissanu Yonathan , Chen Huiqin , Ha Min Jin , Wang Qi , Wang Jing , Shpall Elizabeth , Jung Sung Yun , Haderk Franziska , Gui Philippe , Riess Jonathan Wesley , Olivas Victor , Bivona Trever G. , Roth Jack A.
Published: May 2023

Osimertinib sensitive and resistant NSCLC NCI-H1975 clones are used to model osimertinib acquired resistance in humanized and non-humanized mice and delineate potential resistance mechanisms. No new EGFR mutations or loss of the EGFR T790M mutation are found in resistant clones. Resistant tumors grown under continuous osimertinib pressure both in humanized and non-humanized mice show aggressive tumor regrowth which is significantly less sensitive to osimertinib as compared with parental tumors. 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) is identified as a potential driver of osimertinib acquired resistance, and its selective inhibition by BX795 and CRISPR gene knock out, sensitizes resistant clones. In-vivo inhibition of PDK1 enhances the osimertinib sensitivity against osimertinib resistant xenograft and a patient derived xenograft (PDX) tumors. PDK1 knock-out dysregulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, promotes cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and active-YAP are upregulated in resistant tumors, and PDK1 knock-out inhibits nuclear translocation of YAP. Higher expression of PDK1 and an association between PDK1 and YAP are found in patients with progressive disease following osimertinib treatment. PDK1 is a central upstream regulator of two critical drug resistance pathways: PI3K/AKT/mTOR and YAP.
Boron-assisted abiotic polypeptide synthesis
Authors: Sumie Yuki , Sato Keiichiro , Kakegawa Takeshi , Furukawa Yoshihiro
Published: May 2023

The emergence of proteins and their interactions with RNAs were a key step in the origin and early evolution of life. The abiotic synthesis of peptides has been limited in short amino acid length and is favored in highly alkaline evaporitic conditions in which RNAs are unstable. This environment is also inconsistent with estimated Hadean Earth. Prebiotic environments rich in boron are reportedly ideal for abiotic RNA synthesis. However, the effects of boron on amino acid polymerization are unclear. We report that boric acid enables the polymerization of amino acids at acidic and near-neutral pH levels based on simple heating experiments of amino acid solutions containing borate/boric acid at various pH levels. Our study provides evidence for the boron-assisted synthesis of polypeptides in prebiotically plausible environments, where the same conditions would allow for the formation of RNAs and interactions of primordial proteins and RNAs that could be inherited by RNA-dependent protein synthesis during the evolution of life.
GAP43-dependent mitochondria transfer from astrocytes enhances glioblastoma tumorigenicity
Authors: Watson Dionysios C. , Bayik Defne , Storevik Simon , Moreino Shannon Sherwin , Sprowls Samuel A. , Han Jianhua , Augustsson Mina Thue , Lauko Adam , Sravya Palavalasa , Røsland Gro Vatne , Troike Katie , Tronstad Karl Johan , Wang Sabrina , Sarnow Katharina , Kay Kristen , Lunavat Taral R. , Silver Daniel J. , Dayal Sahil , Joseph Justin Vareecal , Mulkearns-Hubert Erin , Ystaas Lars Andreas Rømo , Deshpande Gauravi , Guyon Joris , Zhou Yadi , Magaut Capucine R. , Seder Juliana , Neises Laura , Williford Sarah E. , Meiser Johannes , Scott Andrew J. , Sajjakulnukit Peter , Mears Jason A. , Bjerkvig Rolf , Chakraborty Abhishek , Daubon Thomas , Cheng Feixiong , Lyssiotis Costas A. , Wahl Daniel R. , Hjelmeland Anita B. , Hossain Jubayer A. , Miletic Hrvoje , Lathia Justin D.
Published: May 2023

The transfer of intact mitochondria between heterogeneous cell types has been confirmed in various settings, including cancer. However, the functional implications of mitochondria transfer on tumor biology are poorly understood. Here we show that mitochondria transfer is a prevalent phenomenon in glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and malignant primary brain tumor. We identified horizontal mitochondria transfer from astrocytes as a mechanism that enhances tumorigenesis in GBM. This transfer is dependent on network-forming intercellular connections between GBM cells and astrocytes, which are facilitated by growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), a protein involved in neuron axon regeneration and astrocyte reactivity. The acquisition of astrocyte mitochondria drives an increase in mitochondrial respiration and upregulation of metabolic pathways linked to proliferation and tumorigenicity. Functionally, uptake of astrocyte mitochondria promotes cell cycle progression to proliferative G2/M phases and enhances self-renewal and tumorigenicity of GBM. Collectively, our findings reveal a host–tumor interaction that drives proliferation and self-renewal of cancer cells, providing opportunities for therapeutic development.
Comparison of lipid structure and composition in human or cow's milk with different fat globules by homogenization
Authors: Zhao Pu , Li Dan , Zhang Xinghe , Ye Xingwang , Zhang Zhiqiang , Liu Zhengdong , Yan Zhiyuan , Wei Wei , Jin Qingzhe , Wang Xingguo
Published: May 2023

The effects on lipid structure and composition in human and cow's milk before and after homogenization were revealed.
Algae as a source of renewable energy: opportunities, challenges, and recent developments
Authors: Hussain Javid , Rittmann Bruce E.
Published: May 2023

Sustainable production of renewable biofuels is being examined globally. First- and second-generation biofuels are not able to meet the demand.
Amphiphilic interaction-mediated ordering of nanoparticles in Pickering emulsion droplets
Authors: Sen Debasis , Das Avik , Kumar Ashwani , Bahadur Jitendra , Chaurasia Rajesh K. , Khan Arshad , Ganguly Rajib
Published: May 2023

Stabilization of an oil phase is crucial in many industrial processes. SAXS quantifies the ordering of nanoparticles on Pickering emulsion droplets, stabilized by complex amphiphilic Interactions.
High oxygen-vacancy diffusivity predicted for perovskite oxide Ca0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O2.5
Authors: Bonkowski Alexander , Perkampus Caitlin , De Souza Roger A.
Published: May 2023

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations predict that oxygen-vacancy diffusion in Ca0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O2.5 is as fast as in Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O2.5.
Stealth-like polysarcosine-modified nanoparticles with low dye doses and long blood circulation for efficient breast cancer pulmonary metastasis imaging
Authors: Chen Shangyu , Zhou Peng , Yang Wan , Hu Danni , Chen Pengfei , Sun Pengfei , Ling Jun , Fan Quli
Published: May 2023

A polysarcosine-modified NIR-II small-molecule-based polymer (TQF–PSar) was facilely prepared for efficient breast cancer pulmonary metastasis imaging.
Conservation of the insert-2 motif confers Rev1 from different species with an ability to disrupt G-quadruplexes and stimulate translesion DNA synthesis
Authors: Ketkar Amit , Sewilam Reham S. , McCrury Mason J. , Hall Jaycelyn S. , Bell Ashtyn , Paxton Bethany C. , Tripathi Shreyam , Gunderson Julie E.C. , Eoff Robert L.
Published: May 2023

The G-quadruplex (G4) selective properties of the Rev1 DNA polymerase differ across species.
AIE-active cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes for the detection of lipopolysaccharides and wash-free imaging of bacteria
Authors: Gautam Aryan , Gupta Ajay , Prasad Puja , Sasmal Pijus K.
Published: May 2023

AIE-active cyclometalated iridium(iii) polypyridyl complexes have been developed for rapid detection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS, also commonly known as endotoxin) and washing-free imaging of bacteria.
Structure and bonding properties of the platinum-mediated tetrametallic endohedral fullerene La3Pt@C98
Authors: Hou Yameng , Mu Lei , Zhou Sijin , Xu Yicheng , Kong Xianglei
Published: May 2023

The most stable isomer of La3Pt@C98generated by laser ablation was characterized. The inner La3Pt cluster appears in a pyramidal shape, where the Pt atom is situated near the center of a 4c–2e bond and behaves as a mediator.
A tetranuclear Mn-diamond core complex as a functional mimic of both catechol oxidase and phenoxazinone synthase enzymes
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Keshri Rahul , Prodhan Koushik , Shaikh Kanchan , Draksharapu Apparao
Published: May 2023

A tetranuclear Mn4(ii,iii,iii,ii) diamond core complex was synthesised through dioxygen activation, which efficiently mimics both catechol oxidase and phenoxazinone synthase enzymes.
A water coordinated Ni complex and a 2D Ni-MOF: topology dependent highly enhanced electrocatalytic OER activity
Authors: Muthukumar Pandi , Arunkumar Gunasekaran , Pannipara Mehboobali , Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. , Moon Dohyun , Anthony Savarimuthu Philip
Published: May 2023

A 2D Ni-MOF with water coordination produced strongly enhanced OER activity compared to a water coordinated Ni-complex (Ni-C).
Efficient separation of CO2 from CH4 and N2 in an ultra-stable microporous metal–organic framework
Authors: He Chaohui , Zhang Peng , Ma Sai , Zhang Yujuan , Hu Tuoping
Published: May 2023

The efficient separation of CO2 from CH4 and N2 is essential for the upgrading of biogas and reducing carbon emissions in flue gas, but is challenging in the energy industry.
Designed anion and cation co-doped Na3Sb(WM)xS4 (M = Cl, Br, I) sulfide electrolytes with an improved conductivity and stable interfacial qualities
Authors: Shu Lingjun , Yin Jingxuan , Gon Zhemin , Gao Chengwei , Liu Yongxing , Zhou Xiaolong , Ma Hongli , Zhang Xianghua , Shen Xiang , Dai Shixun , Lin Changgui , Jiao Qing
Published: May 2023

The co-doping of W and Cl increases the number of sodium vacancies in the Na3SbS4 system electrolyte, accelerates the conduction of sodium ions in the electrolyte, and the ionic conductivity at room temperature reaches 13.78 mS cm−1.
Ferrihydrite coating reduces microplastic induced soil water repellency
Authors: Cramer Andreas , Schmidtmann Johanna , Benard Pascal , Kaestner Anders , Engelhardt Matthias , Peiffer Stefan , Carminati Andrea
Published: May 2023

Addition of microplastics (MP) to soil has the potential to increase soil water repellency. Absorption of soil abundant substances on MP surfaces has the potential to overcome MP inherent hydrophobicity.
Electrochemical oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over a molybdenum sulfide modified nickel-based catalyst
Authors: Li Zijia , Han Yingyi , Huang Baobing , Xie Zailai , Wei Qiao-Hua
Published: May 2023

Biomass derived small molecules are sustainable feedstocks to synthesize high value-added products.
Functionalisation of conjugated macrocycles with type I and II concealed antiaromaticity via cross-coupling reactions
Authors: Bennett Troy L. R. , Marsh Adam V. , Turner James M. , Plasser Felix , Heeney Martin , Glöcklhofer Florian
Published: May 2023

Halogenated paracyclophanetetraenes (PCTs) for the integration of the PCT motif into larger conjugated molecules by cross-coupling reactions are introduced.
Emerging transition metal and carbon nanomaterial hybrids as electrocatalysts for water splitting: a brief review
Authors: Muzammil Ayaz , Haider Rizwan , Wei Wenrui , Wan Yi , Ishaq Muhammad , Zahid Muhammad , Yaseen Waleed , Yuan Xianxia
Published: May 2023

TM/N,B-CNMs hybrids are emerging water splitting electrocatalysts due to the high catalytic site density, enhanced structural integrity, charge density modulation on carbon, and synergistic effects among N, B, CNMs and TMs.
DNA preference of indenoisoquinolines: a computational approach
Authors: Bali Semiha Kevser , Haslak Zeynep Pinar , Cifci Gulsah , Aviyente Viktorya
Published: May 2023

The differences between the interactions of L77 and CPT compounds in a binding pocket.
A ratiometric, colorimetric fluorescent probe with a large emission shift for the rapid detection of diethyl chlorophosphate
Authors: Yu Xue-Shuang , Zuo Rui , Shuai Ming-Ye , Feng Xu , Peng Yu , Wang Ya-Wen
Published: May 2023

A novel ratiometric fluorescent probe has been developed for the rapid detection of diethyl chlorophosphite with a large emission shift.
Mono- and three-tailed sugar and iminosugar decorated benzenesulfonamide carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Authors: Davighi Maria Giulia , Matassini Camilla , Goti Andrea , Ferraroni Marta , Angeli Andrea , Supuran Claudiu T. , Cardona Francesca
Published: May 2023

The synthesis and enzymatic activity of benzenesulfonamide hCA inhibitors tailored with mono- and three-tailed sugars and iminosugars are described in this work.
Construction of chiralN,O-hemiaminalsviaa copper-catalyzed enantioselective Michael/N-hemiacetalization cascade reaction
Authors: Li Kuiliang , Gao Siyu , Zha Zhenggen , Wang Zhiyong
Published: May 2023

A series of chiral six-membered ring chiralN,O-hemiaminals were synthesized by Michael/N-hemiacetalization cascade reaction between 5-aminoisoxazoles and β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters.
An electrochemical tandem oxidative azidation and intramolecular cyclization strategy for the synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives
Authors: Zhou Kai , Xia Shendan , Chen Zhiwei
Published: May 2023

The present protocol is simple and has easy-to-obtain raw materials, good functional group compatibility and moderate to good yields. It is performed in an undivided cell under mild conditions without added metal catalysts or exogenous oxidants.
Peripheral engineering of platinum(ii) dicarbene pincer complexes for efficient blue hyperphosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Zhu Ze-Lin , Yan Jie , Fu Li-Wen , Cao Chen , Tan Ji-Hua , Wang Sheng-Fu , Chi Yun , Lee Chun-Sing
Published: May 2023

Pt(ii) dicarbene pincer complexes served as a promising dopant sensitizer to an MR-TADF terminal emitter.
Diterpenoids with a novel 6/5-5 spiro tricyclic skeleton from Orthosiphon wulfenioides and their NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitory activity
Authors: Tu Wen-Chao , Zhang Xing-Jie , Zhao Ying-Xin , Chen Wei-Chi , Zhang Xing-Yu , Yang Chang-Lin , Zeb Muhammad Aurang , Li Xiao-Li , Sakah Kaunda-Joseph , Zhang Rui-Han , Liu Mei-Feng , Xiao Wei-Lie
Published: May 2023

Wulfenioidins A–C (1–3) with an unusual 6/5-5 spiro tricyclic skeleton were isolated from O. wulfenioides. Compound 3 strikingly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation by blocking the expression of caspase-1, GSDMD-NT, and IL-1β.
Cu-catalyzed decarboxylative annulation of proline derivatives: multi-component synthesis of functionalized chromeno[2,3-c]-pyrrol-9(1H)-one derivatives
Authors: Chen Li , Qi Jin-Mei , Yang Shu , Sun Si-Nuo , Yan Sheng-Jiao
Published: May 2023

This strategy involved an unprecedented cascade reaction for the synthesis of CMPOs 3 and 3′via the cleavage of two bonds and the formation of three bonds in a single step.
Considering cell volume in dopant screening for improving Li-ion mobility in an amorphous LiPON solid-state electrolyte: an ab initio study
Authors: Choi Heechae , Ji Seulgi , Cho Haneol , Kim Chansoo , Kim Patrick Joohyun , Park Hyunjung , Choi Junghyun
Published: May 2023

Engineering of solid electrolytes of Li-ion batteries is carried out for achieving high levels of ionic conductivity and preserving low levels of electrical conductivity.
Real-time observation of ion exchange dynamics during surface treatment of all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots with Zn-halogenide complexes for color tuning and enhanced quantum efficiency
Authors: Ezerskyte Egle , Malikenas Martynas , Sakirzanovas Simas , Katelnikovas Arturas , Klimkevicius Vaidas
Published: May 2023

A highly reproducible, ultra-fast method has been developed for obtaining all-inorganic perovskite QDs. The successive surface modification of the QDs enables easy tailoring of their emission across the entire visible spectrum at ambient conditions.
The α-alkylation of ketones in flow
Authors: Cooper Ella , Alcock Emma , Power Mark , McGlacken Gerard
Published: May 2023

A continuous flow methodology is described which gives α-alkylated ketones in good yields, avoids cryogenic temperatures, excessive exposure to alkyllithiums/alkylhalides, and can be easily and continuously scaled-out (to >3 g in 45 min).
Atomically well-defined nitrogen doping for cross-plane transport through graphene heterojunctions
Authors: Zhang Hewei , Zhou Ping , Daaoub Abdalghani , Sangtarash Sara , Zhao Shiqiang , Yang Zixian , Zhou Yu , Zou Yu-Ling , Decurtins Silvio , Häner Robert , Yang Yang , Sadeghi Hatef , Liu Shi-Xia , Hong Wenjing
Published: May 2023

The charge transport of graphene heterojunctions is investigated by doping on a single-molecule scale.
Catalytic generation of ortho-quinone dimethides via donor/donor rhodium carbenes
Authors: Gao Mingchun , Ruiz Jose M. , Jimenez Emily , Lo Anna , Laconsay Croix J. , Fettinger James C. , Tantillo Dean J. , Shaw Jared T.
Published: May 2023

Substrates engineered to undergo a 1,4-C–H insertion to yield benzocyclobutenes resulted in a novel elimination reaction to yield ortho-quinone dimethide (o-QDM) products that undergo Diels–Alder or hetero-Diels–Alder cycloadditions.
Effect of improvement actions on the life-cycle environmental and economic performance of synthetic biofuels from date palm waste in Tunisia
Authors: Cruz Pedro L. , Martín-Gamboa Mario , Ben Hnich Khaoula , Dufour Javier , Iribarren Diego
Published: May 2023

Exploring the economic and environmental suitability of an enhanced bioenergy plant producing synthetic gasoline and diesel from date palm waste in Tunisia with PV-based supply of electricity and oxygen.
A primary–secondary triboelectric nanogenerator with charge excitation shift in a wind-driven alternating operating mode
Authors: Xu Zhibo , Ge Jianwei , Wang Qianwang , Yu Xin , Hu Yili , Wen Jianming , Han Wei , Cheng Tinghai
Published: May 2023

A primary–secondary structure TENG (PS-TENG) is proposed to realize automatic charge excitation shift in capturing wind energy.
Fine-tuning of the inner sidechain of donor polymers for efficient indoor organic photovoltaics
Authors: Kim Sang Hyeon , Sun Cheng , Saeed Muhammad Ahsan , Kwon Hyeok-Jin , Kim Tae Hyuk , Kwon Soon-Ki , Kim Yun-Hi , Shim Jae Won
Published: May 2023

Recently, the performance of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) has increased with the advent of non-fullerene acceptors, and significant efforts have been devoted to improving the performance via the side-chain engineering of Y6 and its derivatives.
Influence of synthesis and substitution on the structure and ionic transport properties of lithium rare earth metal halides
Authors: Plass Maximilian A. , Bette Sebastian , Philipp Nina , Moundrakovski Igor , Küster Kathrin , Dinnebier Robert E. , Lotsch Bettina V.
Published: May 2023

A series of Li3MI6 compounds with M = Lu–Sm were produced by ball milling and solid state synthesis. Cation disorder within the layers largely influences the ionic transport properties, which can be tuned by isovalent and aliovalent substitution.
Thin carbon layer covered Co4N cubes encapsulated in N-doped porous carbon nanocage as tri-functional catalysts with enhanced charge-transfer efficiency for Zn-air battery and overall water-splitting
Authors: Zhang Guanghui , Zhao Lingxue , Li Guangda , Xu Liqiang
Published: May 2023

Co4N encapsulated in a porous nanocage as a tri-functional catalyst are designed, which exhibited high-efficiency activity and long-term durability toward ORR/OER. DFT analyses indicated the existence of Co–N–C as active sites in enhancing the RDS.
A two-dimensional heterogeneous structured Ni3Se2@MoO3 catalyst for seawater electrolysis
Authors: Feng Suyang , Gu Chengshan , Yu Yanhui , Rao Peng , Deng Peilin , Li Jing , Kang Zhenye , Tian Xinlong , Wu Zhifu
Published: May 2023

Ni3Se2@MoO3/CF catalysts were prepared by a one-step electrodeposition method, and the catalyst showed excellent stability at high current densities as a bifunctional catalyst for seawater electrolysis.
AIEgens for synergistic anticancer therapy
Authors: Lyu Xinyan , Yu Junjie , Zhang Liping , Zhao Yun , Qiu Zijie , Chen Youbai , Zhao Zheng , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: May 2023

To improve the precision of cancer treatment, maximize therapeutic effects, and minimize mortality, AIEgen-based synergistic therapies combining imaging technologies, phototherapy, and other therapies will be introduced and perspected in this review.
One-step antibacterial modification of polypropylene non-woven fabricsviaoxidation using photo-activated chlorine dioxide radicals
Authors: Yamamoto Keita , Asahara Haruyasu , Harada Kazuo , Itabashi Yuki , Ohkubo Kei , Inoue Tsuyoshi
Published: May 2023

Antibacterial properties were imparted in polypropylene non-woven fabrics (PP NWFs)viaa one-step modification using photo-activated ClO2˙. The modified PP NWFs showed 99.9% inhibition of bacterial growth againstE. coliandS. aureus.
Improved stability of organic electrochemical transistor performance with a low swelling mixed conducting polymer: a comparative study with PEDOT:PSS
Authors: Menezes Natalia Pereira , Nicolini Tommaso , Barker Micah , Mariano André Augusto , Dartora César Augusto , Wantz Guillaume , Stingelin Natalie , Abbas Mamatimin , Dautel Olivier J. , Thuau Damien
Published: May 2023

OECTs soaked in an electrolyte for up to 40 days produced with a low swelling mixed conductor, poly[3-(6-hydroxy)hexylthiophene] (P3HHT), showed enhanced stability in their electrochemical performance in comparison to PEDOT:PSS-based OECT.
Improving the biological interfacing capability of diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers via p-type doping
Authors: Trueman Ryan P. , Finn Peter Gilhooly , Westwood Megan M. , Dey Avishek , Palgrave Robert , Tabor Alethea , Phillips James B. , Schroeder Bob C.
Published: May 2023

Polydiketopyrrolopyrrole terthiophene (DPP3T), a high-performing conjugated polymer, holds great potential as active material for bioelectronics. Herein, its surface properties are modulated through p-type doping, thereby enhancing the cell behaviour on top of the doped films.
A zeroing neurodynamics‐based location method for nodes in underwater acoustic sensor network
Authors: Wang Shuqiao , Du Xiujuan , Deng Tiantai
Published: May 2023

Zeroing neurodynamics methodology, which dedicates to finding equilibrium points of equations, has been proven to be a powerful tool in the online solving of problems with considerable complexity. In this paper, a method for underwater acoustic sensor network (UASN) localisation is proposed based on zeroing neurodynamics methodology to preferably locate moving underwater nodes. A zeroing neurodynamics model specifically designed for UASN localisation is constructed with rigorous theoretical analyses of its effectiveness. The proposed zeroing neurodynamics model is compatible with some localisation algorithms, which can be utilised to eliminate error in non‐ideal situations, thus further improving its effectiveness. Finally, the effectiveness and compatibility of the proposed zeroing neurodynamics model are substantiated by examples and computer simulations.
An adaptive synchronous rectifier driving strategy for unregulated LLC resonant converter
Authors: Wei Yuqi , Li Ziang , Liu Jinjun
Published: May 2023

LLC resonant converters are widely adopted in many different industrial applications due to their high efficiency operation. To further improve LLC resonant converters' efficiency, the secondary unregulated diode rectifier is replaced by the synchronous rectifier (SR). In many applications, LLC converter is designed to operate at resonant frequency to maximize the system efficiency and act as a DC transformer (DCX). The SR driving signal is set as the same as the primary driving signal to work in an open‐loop mode. However, the resonant frequency will deviate due to the tolerance, working environment, and ageing effect of circuit components, which will lead to the degradation of the system efficiency and output voltage variation. Unfortunately, most of the existing techniques cannot be simply adopted in SR LLC DCX. Therefore, an adaptive SR driving strategy that can compensate the circuit components' variations is necessary for SR LLC DCX.  Inan adaptive SR strategy based on the constant voltage gain characteristic at resonant frequency point is proposed. The proposed strategy is applicable for all different scenarios with easy implementation and low cost.
Peak to average power ratio reduction techniques based on chirp selection for single and multi‐user orthogonal chirp division multiplexing system
Authors: Savaux Vincent
Published: May 2023

This article deals with peak to average power (PAPR) reduction in a single and multi‐user orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) context. Two methods for PAPR reduction based on the selection of the frequency variation (up or down) of the chirps are first presented in a single user system. The first technique consists in considering two OCDM signals generated with up and down chirps, respectively, and selecting the one offering lowest PAPR. The second PAPR reduction method is based on usual clipping, and in that case the chirp selection aims to reduce the clipping noise. An adapted receiver is presented, based on the maximum likelihood estimation of the frequency variation (up or down) of the chirp. Then, a general procedure for multi‐user OCDM transmission is introduced, where a sub‐band of the available bandwidth is dedicated to each user, whose frequency of the chirps varies within this sub‐band. Next, the PAPR reduction techniques are generalised to this multi‐user OCDM system. Moreover, a performance analysis of the first PAPR reduction method is developed, and it is shown through simulations that theoretical and numerical results match for both Nyquist rate and oversampled signals. It is also shown that the chirp selection reduces the clipping noise, and improves the bit error rate performance compared with clipping only.
An approach for selecting optimal locations for electric vehicle solar charging stations
Authors: Hisoglu Sinem , Tuominen Anu , Huovila Aapo
Published: May 2023

Electric vehicles (EVs) are seen as a solution to reduce transport‐related greenhouse gas emissions. A major obstacle to wider adoption is the insufficient amount of charging stations. Furthermore, supplying charging stations with renewable energy is still in its infancy. The selection of optimal locations for charging stations is important to best serve the users and maximise the possibilities of renewable energy use. Given this background, this study developed an approach for Solar‐supplied Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) location selection by combining EVCS and solar farm site selection studies using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The study determined the most important criteria for site selection based on previous solar and EVCS site selection studies and expert opinions. The 10 most important criteria according to the survey results were: availability of power, solar energy potential, solar panel installation cost, number of EVs, operation and management costs, land cost, distance from roads/highways, distance from current EVCSs, industrial capability of installation and distance to high population density centres. The importance weights of these criteria were assigned using AHP method. The findings are expected to benefit urban planners, decision‐makers, and researchers designing solar‐supplied EV charging infrastructure.
Coherence‐based integrated detection and assessment algorithm for voltages and currents unbalance/disturbance in three‐phase synchronous generators: A validation of simulation results
Authors: Mahmoud Ragab Abd Allah
Published: May 2023

The phenomenon of imbalance is a variation of voltage and current waveforms from a perfect sinusoidal waveform, which is considered a crucial challenge in power systems. Uneven loads and disturbances result in three‐phase voltage/current unbalance that leads to a temperature rise and low output curves at synchronous machines. Thus, the unbalance/fault must be recognized and avoided. This article suggests a methodology to detect and evaluate three‐phase voltage and current unbalance/fault using a coherence algorithm. The suggested scheme develops integrated protection functions that can be divided into three modules: voltage unbalance, current unbalance, and power factor unbalance. Therefore, it can be useful in mitigation techniques applied to compensate the voltage unbalance effects. The present protection introduces a new proposal of closed‐tripping curves based on the values range of nine coherence factors. To investigate the protection performance, a segment of power grid with real parameters’ information is simulated utilizing ATP platform. Several fault types, such as shunt and series faults, are conducted on the simulated system to analyze the results and monitor the system status using the coherence statistic processed in MATLAB software. The results show that the approach is smart, swift, precise, reliable and stable. Moreover, the algorithm can be practically implemented, and represents a base for digital unbalance/fault detectors and relays because its performance is superior in detecting Power Quality Disturbances (PQDs).