bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of the Effects of Testosterone and Behavioral Expressions of Pain on Sex/Gender Differences in Pain Perception
Authors: Archey Meggan , Goldey Katherine , Crockett Erin , Boyette-Davis Jessica
Published: June 2018

Research indicates that women are more susceptible to pain than men, but the reason for this difference is unclear. While estrogen and progesterone have been implicated, testosterone has not received adequate consideration in the literature. Additionally, incorporating behavioral expressions, or exaggerations, of pain as an important aspect of pain perception is receiving increasing attention. The current study examined the role of testosterone in female pain expression and perception via the cold pressor test. Following all participant exclusions, 46 healthy participants (32 women) provided saliva samples for testosterone analysis using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after rating their pain during the cold pressor test. Participants used a visual analog scale to indicate how the 2℃ water was perceived, ranging from “worst pain imaginable” to “no pain.” The researcher also noted whether a participant displayed overt behavioral expressions of pain such as jumping and cursing. The results revealed that men reported lower visual analog scale scores than women, indicating less perceived pain. A subgroup of women who displayed overt behavioral responses to pain seemed to be driving this sex/gender difference. It was expected that this subgroup of females would have corresponding changes in testosterone that would further explain the observed sex/gender differences, but this was not supported. Collectively, these data add to the previous literature investigating sex/gender differences in pain perception and highlight the importance of studying overt behavioral expressions of pain. Testosterone may alter this behavior and subsequent pain perception, but the contributions of testosterone are likely subtle and were not detected in this study.
The legacy of Norbert Giambiasi to the University of Corsica: from behavioral testing to DEVS fault simulation
Authors: Santucci JF , Capocchi L
Published: June 2018

The paper delivers a tribute to Professor Giambiasi by pointing out how the work and ideas stemming from the research performed under his umbrella in the 1980s on behavioral testing has been an inspiration for the research around DEVS formalism at the University of Corsica in the late 1990s and the beginning of the new century. The paper retraces how Giambiasi’s heritage allowed researchers at the University of Corsica to go from behavioral and hierarchical testing to DEVS fault simulation.
Mathematical modeling of electric vehicles contributions in voltage security of smart distribution networks
Authors: Pirouzi Sasan , Aghaei Jamshid
Published: June 2018

This paper evaluates the voltage security of the distribution networks in the presence of electric vehicles in the optimization framework. Accordingly, the main objective functions of this optimization problem include maximization of voltage security margin and minimization of operational cost. Also, it is supposed that the electric vehicles are equipped with bidirectional chargers to control active and reactive power in smart distribution networks, simultaneously. The objective functions are subject to the constraints of power flow equations, system operating limits and electric vehicle constraints. The proposed model is implemented on the 33-bus distribution network to evaluate the performance of the proposed optimization scheme for the management of the smart distribution networks in the presence of electric vehicles. The results show that the operational cost and network voltage security margin are reduced in the case of the higher electric vehicle penetration rate when electric vehicles are used for charging active power and reactive power control capability, with respect to the case that does not include electric vehicles.
Knowing urban informalities
Authors: Marx Colin , Kelling Emily
Published: June 2018

How do Anglophone urban scholars know urban informalities? This article reviews three dominant ways of knowing urban informality, noting that, despite the profoundly rich insights they each provide, two critiques of the overall concept endure. These are that the concept is often imprecise, and that the contribution to knowing ‘the urban’ more generally remains clearly circumscribed to the ‘urban non-west’. In our view, these limitations curtail the possibilities of sharpening our understanding of the relationship to inequalities and injustices. We work with these critiques, suggesting that they represent two sides of the same problem, associated with binaries. In doing so, we build on the existing emphasis on practices and work across the three dominant ways of knowing urban informalities. This reveals that binaries are not held together magically and transparently so that each is the mirror opposite. Instead, the difference is constituted through unnamed aspects of common denominators – two of which we highlight (property rights and aesthetics) – and may be intrinsic to the way urban informality has come to develop. It is through the latent power relations that inhere in these common denominators that urban scholars can achieve greater conceptual precision and make different contributions to broader urban theory committed to challenging injustices.
Neighbourhood change and neighbour complaints: How gentrification and densification influence the prevalence of problems between neighbours
Authors: Cheshire Lynda , Fitzgerald Robin , Liu Yan
Published: June 2018

As people who live in closest proximity to us, the conduct of neighbours can have an impact upon our lives, even if they are relative strangers. While previous research has generally examined the positive effects of good neighbour interactions, neighbours can also be a source of nuisance, conflict and distress. In the advent of socio-structural processes of urban policy and change – such as gentrification and densification – the taken-for-granted conventions that once regulated neighbour interactions are being eroded, potentially leading to greater levels of neighbour problems and complaints. In this paper, we apply a latent modelling approach to identify subgroups of neighbourhoods based on their profiles of neighbour problems and to assess whether these subgroups are characterised by the degree of social change in the neighbourhood towards the dual processes of gentrification and densification. The findings show that high intensity problems are associated with both processes, but that class factors of gentrification are more influential than density in accounting for neighbour tensions.
Not Doings as Resistance
Authors: Kärki Kaisa
Published: June 2018

What does it mean to intentionally not perform an action? Is it possible to not perform an action out of resistant intention? Is there sufficient language for talking about this kind of behavior in the social sciences? In this article, a nonnormative vocabulary of not doings including resistant intentional omissions is developed. Unlike concepts that describe official, overt, and public resistance, James Scott’s everyday resistance and Albert Hirschman’s exit have made it possible to talk about the resistant inactions of agents in the social sciences. But in order to grasp the ordinariness of this kind of oppositional behavior, philosophy of intentional omissions is used.
Environmentalism and the Globalization of the Oil Industry in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Rodrigues Maria Guadalupe Moog
Published: June 2018

The state of Rio de Janeiro has become a hub for oil and gas production and infrastructure since Brazil entered the global oil market in the 2000s. Observers have anticipated increasing tensions between environmental activists and oil companies. These predictions have not been fulfilled, despite increasing evidence of environmental degradation caused by oil production. What could be hindering environmental mobilization in defense of the environment and affected populations and against the unrestrained expansion of oil infrastructure in the state? A longitudinal case study of environmental activism in defense of the Guanabara Bay ecosystem suggests that answers must consider the combined effects of democratization, political and regulatory decentralization, and neoliberal reforms on socioenvironmental activism—specifically, its weakening as civil society organizations confront increasing burdens of participation in policy making, deeply fragmented institutional and regulatory frameworks for environmental governance, and the expansion of opportunities to engage in collaborative arrangements with corporations.

O Estado do Rio de Janeiro tornou-se o centro da infraestrutura e produção de gás e petróleo desde que o Brasil ingressou no mercado internacional de petróleo nos anos 2000. Analistas vêm antecipando crescente tensão entre ativistas ambientais e companhias petrolíferas. Contudo, essas previsões não se concretizaram, não obstante evidência da degradação ambiental que a produção de petróleo vem causando. O que poderia estar impedindo a mobilização em defesa do meio ambiente e populações afetadas, e contra a expansão desmedida da infraestrutura petrolífera no estado? Um estudo de caso longitudinal do ativismo ambiental em defesa dos ecossistemas da Baía de Guanabara sugere que as repostas a essa questão devem considerar os efeitos combinados da democratização, descentralização política e regulatória, e reformas neoliberais no ativismo socioambiental—especificamente, seu enfraquecimento à medida que organizações da sociedade civil confrontam crescentes custos de participação nas políticas públicas, fragmentação de arcabouços regulatórios e institucionais de governança ambiental, e a expansão de oportunidades de engajamento em arranjos colaborativos com corporações.
Reclaiming of waste guayule natural rubber vulcanizate—reclaim rubber for green tire applications: An approach for sustainable development
Authors: Ghorai Soumyajit , Mondal Dipankar , Dhanania Sawar , Chattopadhyay Santanu , Roy Madhusudan , De Debapriya
Published: June 2018

This article illustrates the reclaiming of guayule natural rubber (GNR) vulcanizate by bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl] tetrasulfide (TESPT), and as-grown reclaim rubber facilitates the silica dispersion in GNR product application without adding any coupling agent. This article deals with the performance evaluation of silica-filled revulcanizates with promising application in green tire. The extent of reclaiming was monitored through the measurement of sol content, cross-link density, Mooney viscosity, and degree of reclaiming. The differential scanning calorimetry study was carried out to evaluate the fraction of immobilized polymer chains and its dependence on cross-link density of the vulcanizates. The Fourier transform infrared study and also sulfur analysis independently indicate the attachment of the fragmented TESPT with the polymer chain and cross-link bonds. The study of mechanical properties clearly shows that in revulcanized GNR, the optimum property is achieved when reclaiming time is set for 40 min. The effect of reclaiming time on dynamic mechanical behavior such as storage modulus and loss tangent was studied. The scanning electron microscopy studies show the coherency and homogeneity of silica-filled revulcanize rubber with reclaiming time.
Disturbance-observer-based control for time-delay Markovian jump systems subject to actuator saturation
Authors: Gao Xianwen , Gao Qian , Qi Wenhai , Kao Yonggui
Published: June 2018

This paper is concerned with disturbance-observer-based control for Markovian jump systems with time delay and actuator saturation. By virtue of the disturbance-observer-based control technique and an appropriate mode-dependent Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, an anti-disturbance controller is designed to ensure that the resulting closed-loop systems are stochastically stable, as well as estimation of the domain of attraction. Furthermore, an iterative optimization method is proposed to acquire the maximum estimate of the domain of attraction by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, a simulation illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.
Real-time detection of moving objects in a video sequence by using data fusion algorithm
Authors: Tang Chao , Hu Huosheng , Zhang Miaohui , Wang Wen-Jian , Wang Xiao-Feng , Cao Feng , Li Wei
Published: June 2018

The moving object detection and tracking technology has been widely deployed in visual surveillance for security, which is, however, an extremely challenge to achieve real-time performance owing to environmental noise, background complexity and illumination variation. This paper proposes a novel data fusion approach to attack this problem, which combines an entropy-based Canny (EC) operator with the local and global optical flow (LGOF) method, namely EC-LGOF. Its operation contains four steps. The EC operator firstly computes the contour of moving objects in a video sequence, and the LGOF method then establishes the motion vector field. Thirdly, the minimum error threshold selection (METS) method is employed to distinguish the moving object from the background. Finally, edge information fuses temporal information concerning the optic flow to label the moving objects. Experiments are conducted and the results are given to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Exposure to Biracial Faces Reduces Colorblindness
Authors: Gaither Sarah E. , Toosi Negin R. , Babbitt Laura G. , Sommers Samuel R.
Published: June 2018

Across six studies, we demonstrate that exposure to biracial individuals significantly reduces endorsement of colorblindness as a racial ideology among White individuals. Real-world exposure to biracial individuals predicts lower levels of colorblindness compared with White and Black exposure (Study 1). Brief manipulated exposure to images of biracial faces reduces colorblindness compared with exposure to White faces, Black faces, a set of diverse monoracial faces, or abstract images (Studies 2-5). In addition, these effects occur only when a biracial label is paired with the face rather than resulting from the novelty of the mixed-race faces themselves (Study 4). Finally, we show that the shift in White participants’ colorblindness attitudes is driven by social tuning, based on participants’ expectations that biracial individuals are lower in colorblindness than monoracial individuals (Studies 5-6). These studies suggest that the multiracial population’s increasing size and visibility has the potential to positively shift racial attitudes.
Outsourcing Regulatory Decision-making: “International” Epistemic Communities, Transnational Firms, and Pesticide Residue Standards in India
Authors: Quark Amy Adams
Published: June 2018

How do “international” epistemic communities shape regulatory contests between transnational firms and civil society organizations in the Global South? With the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO), member states committed to basing trade-restrictive national regulations on science-based “international” standards set by “international” standard-setting bodies. Yet we know little about how the WTO regime has shaped the operation of epistemic communities within standard-setting bodies and, in turn, how standard-setting bodies articulate with national policy-making processes in the Global South. Building on work in the new political sociology of science, I argue that neoliberal globalization and the establishment of the WTO have created incentives for Western epistemic communities to at once cast themselves as “international” under the WTO regime and orient their scientific agendas toward the priorities of transnational firms. Moreover, this transformation of epistemic communities has created opportunities for transnational firms facing contentious policy environments in the Global South to effectively outsource regulatory decision-making to “international” epistemic communities that can claim legal status under the WTO regime. Empirically, I focus on the case of one Western epistemic community—the Association of Analytical Communities International—and its claim to epistemic jurisdiction over pesticide residue standards for soft drinks in India.
Weak by design? Diaspora engagement and institutional change in Croatia and Serbia
Authors: Garding Sarah
Published: June 2018

Diaspora engagement has increasingly been adopted as a strategy for leveraging migration’s development potential. While a rich literature accounts for the emergence of diaspora engagement institutions, there is less research on how these institutions perform in practice and why they change over time. This article compares change across diaspora ministries in Croatia and Serbia from 1990 to 2015. It was found that institutional change was driven by conflict between parties and within parties rather than by the state’s collective economic or geopolitical interests.
How do countries of origin engage migrants and diasporas? Multiple actors and comparative perspectives
Authors: Koinova Maria , Tsourapas Gerasimos
Published: June 2018

The relationship of states to populations beyond their borders is of increasing interest to those seeking to understand the international politics of migration. This introduction to the special issue of International Political Science Review on diasporas and sending states provides an overview of existing explanations for why states reach out to diasporas and migrants abroad and problematizes in important ways the idea that the sending state is a unitary actor. It highlights the need to examine the extraterritorial behaviour of agents within countries of origin, such as parties, bureaucracies and non-state actors, and to account for why and how their outreach differs. This entails looking at how outreach is conditioned by a state’s sovereignty and capacity, type of nationalism, and regime character. This special issue starts a new conversation by delving deeper into the motivations of agents within countries of origin, and how their outreach is determined by the states and regimes in which they are embedded.
Religion and foreign-policy views: Are religious people more altruistic and/or more militant?
Authors: Petrikova Ivica
Published: June 2018

Religion shapes people’s identity and behaviour, and thus influences their foreign-policy views. Yet, existing research has thus far not explored this issue in depth or cross-nationally. This article contributes to filling this gap by examining the effects of religious belief, belonging, and behaviour on people’s foreign-policy views across a large sample of countries. Further, it investigates how these effects are influenced by religions’ social standing and countries’ income level. The study finds that religion significantly heightens followers’ militant internationalist views. Its effect on cooperative internationalist views is more ambiguous. Frequent religious attendance, self-identification as a religious person, and adherence to Islam tend to make people more altruistic in their foreign-policy views, while affiliation with Christianity and other religious faiths (Hinduism, Buddhism, etc.) may have the opposite effect. Overall, religion has a stronger effect on foreign-policy views among adherents to majority religions and in poorer countries.
States or parties? Emigrant outreach and transnational engagement
Authors: Burgess Katrina
Published: June 2018

Home-country institutions are increasingly engaged in reaching out to their emigrants to further their domestic agendas. Using a most-different systems design, I compare two cases in which emigrant outreach is dominated by the state (Philippines and Mexico) and two cases in which it is dominated by parties (Lebanon and the Dominican Republic). My main argument is that each type of outreach results in a different trade-off between electoral mobilization and partisan autonomy. State-led outreach encourages emigrants to transcend partisan divisions but does not mobilize overseas voters. By contrast, party-led outreach generates higher electoral turnout while reproducing and reinforcing sectarian and/or clientelist patterns of interest representation. I conclude with the implications for whether emigrants are likely to play a democratizing role in fragile democracies with serious deficits in participation, representation, and accountability.
Authoritarian emigration states: Soft power and cross-border mobility in the Middle East
Authors: Tsourapas Gerasimos
Published: June 2018

Can labor emigration form part of a state’s foreign policy goals? The relevant literature links emigration to states’ developmental needs, which does not explain why some states choose to economically subsidize their citizens’ emigration. This article explores for the first time the soft power importance of high-skilled emigration from authoritarian emigration states. It finds that the Egyptian state under Gamal Abdel Nasser employed labor emigration for two distinct purposes linked to broader soft power interests: first, as an instrument of cultural diplomacy to spread revolutionary ideals of Arab unity and anti-imperialism across the Middle East; second, as a tool for disseminating development aid, particularly in Yemen and sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing on Arabic and non-Arabic primary sources, the article identifies the interplay between foreign policy and cross-border mobility, while also sketching an evolving research agenda on authoritarian emigration states’ policy-making.
Endorsers, challengers or builders? Political parties’ diaspora outreach in a post-conflict state
Authors: Koinova Maria
Published: June 2018

How do parties in government and opposition in a contested post-conflict state reach out to their diasporas abroad? Do their policies overlap or differ, and if so why? Scholarly accounts of sending states’ outreach towards diasporas have paid little attention to the variety of actors and processes within sending states, and have grouped states with contested sovereignty in the same cluster as states for which sovereignty is not a salient issue. This article focuses on one of these contested states, Kosovo, and on the party engagement with diasporas abroad that has emerged there. I conceptualize three types of extraterritorial party outreach – state-endorsing, state-challenging, and party-building. I argue that parties that emerge from secessionism and warfare are more likely to reach out to the diaspora through a state-endorsing or party-building approach, depending on whether they are in government or opposition. Parties that are newly institutionalized in the post-conflict polity seek to engage the diaspora through a state-endorsing or state-challenging approach.
Effects of sulodexide on stability of sclerosing foams
Authors: Critello Costantino Davide , Fiorillo Antonino S , Cristiano Maria Chiara , de Franciscis Stefano , Serra Raffaele
Published: June 2018

Background and objectives

Foam sclerotherapy is a clinical procedure for the treatment of unhealthy veins. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sulodexide (SUL) on stability of foams prepared using polidocanol (POL) and sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) detergents, more specifically with 0.25% aethoxysclerol and 0.2% Fibro-Vein sclerosing solutions.

Methods

Foams were produced by the Tessari method using three different weight ratios of POL-SUL and STS-SUL (1:0, 1:1, and 1:3).

Results

The half-life of STS foams resulted as follows: 82 ± 1.6 s, 101.8 ± 2.6 s, and 109.7 ± 2.1 s for 1:0, 1:1, and 1:3 STS-SUL weight ratios, respectively. The same ratios were used for POL foams with the following results: 90.6 ± 3 s, 106.8 ± 2.6 s, and 107.6 ± 2.7 s for 1:0, 1:1, and 1:3 POL-SUL weight ratios, respectively.

Conclusion

The addition of SUL in sclerosing solutions can prolong the half-life of foams, and it could be potentially used as a foam stabilizer.
Reasoning About Visibility in Mirrors: A Comparison Between a Human Observer and a Camera
Authors: Bertamini Marco , Soranzo Alessandro
Published: June 2018

Human observers make errors when predicting what is visible in a mirror. This is true for perception with real mirrors as well as for reasoning about mirrors shown in diagrams. We created an illustration of a room, a top-down view, with a mirror on a wall and objects (nails) on the opposite wall. The task was to select which nails were visible in the mirror from a given position (viewpoint). To study the importance of the social nature of the viewpoint, we divided the sample ( N = 108) in two groups. One group ( n = 54) were tested with a scene in which there was the image of a person. The other group ( n = 54) were tested with the same scene but with a camera replacing the person. Participants were instructed to think about what would be captured by a camera on a tripod. This manipulation tests the effect of social perspective-taking in reasoning about mirrors. As predicted, performance on the task shows an overestimation of what can be seen in a mirror and a bias to underestimate the role of the different viewpoints, that is, a tendency to treat the mirror as if it captures information independently of viewpoint. In terms of the comparison between person and camera, there were more errors for the camera, suggesting an advantage for evaluating a human viewpoint as opposed to an artificial viewpoint. We suggest that social mechanisms may be involved in perspective-taking in reasoning rather than in automatic attention allocation.
Emotional intelligence, alexithymia, stress, and people’s reasons for listening to music
Authors: Lonsdale Adam J.
Published: June 2018

The present study investigated the relationship between people’s reasons for listening to music, trait emotional intelligence, and alexithymia whilst also controlling for the effect of participants’ gender, age, and perceived stress levels. In keeping with previous research, initial findings indicated that emotionally intelligent individuals were less likely to use music to relieve and alleviate negative moods, whilst those who had high scores on a measure of alexithymia were more likely to use music for the same reasons. However, when the effects of gender, age, and perceived stress were controlled for, these relationships were no longer significant and previously non-significant relationships between trait emotional intelligence and using music to manipulate arousal and to reminisce about the past were found to be significant. Together these findings suggest that emotional intelligence is related to the reasons why people listen to music but not in the way that previous research had suggested, and the apparent links between emotional intelligence and mood management might be better explained by the stress experienced by participants at the time of questioning.
Does moving to the music make you smarter? The relation of sensorimotor entrainment to cognitive, linguistic, musical, and social skills
Authors: Maróti Emese , Barabás Edina , Deszpot Gabriella , Farnadi Tamara , Norbert Nemes László , Szirányi Borbála , Honbolygó Ferenc
Published: June 2018

Several studies have shown the benefits of music training on multiple musical and non-musical skills. Because our perception of music is inherently rhythmic, it is possible that the underlying mechanism of the transfer effect of music is rhythmic entrainment. Previous studies found transfer effects of sensorimotor entrainment (SE), a form of rhythmic entrainment, but, to date, there has been no comprehensive study that has examined long-term effects of SE in multiple domains. In this study, we compared the transfer effects of two different SE-based (one with fixed rules, the other with free movement) music education methods and a singing-based (control) method on cognitive, linguistic, musical, and social skills in 6–7-year-old children. On the initial assessment, there were no significant differences in performance between the three groups. After 8 months, we found significant improvement for the entrainment-based methods compared to the singing-based method in pitch discrimination, working memory, phonological processing, and verbal skills, and the singing-based method improved executive functions more compared to the SE-based methods. Additionally, we found significant correlations between SE and attention, working memory, and phoneme awareness. Finally, we showed that different teaching methods of SE (rule-based vs. free movement) resulted in different transfer effects.
Analysis of parametric and non-parametric regression techniques to model the wind turbine power curve
Authors: Wadhvani Rajesh , Shukla Sanyam
Published: June 2018

Wind turbine power curve provides technical specification of the wind turbine in the form of nominal wind power readings. This information may used to monitor the performance of the power system, estimate the power produced by the turbine, optimize the operational cost, and improve the reliability of the power system. However, this information is not sufficient to accomplish these tasks. To accomplish these tasks, the accurate modeling of the wind power curve is required. In this article, various curve fitting techniques, namely polynomial regression, locally weighted polynomial regression, spline regression, piecewise polynomial regression, and smoothing spline, have been applied to model the power curve of wind turbine. All these techniques have been used to model the power curve on National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) 2012 dataset with site-id 124693.
Between Expectancy and Experience: Testing a Model of Childbirth Satisfaction
Authors: Preis Heidi , Lobel Marci , Benyamini Yael
Published: June 2018

Childbirth is a pivotal event for many women, and evidence suggests that women possess strong expectations regarding this experience. In a longitudinal study of 330 Israeli first-time mothers, we distinguished between physical, emotional, and cognitive factors and used them to assess the underlying mechanism of satisfaction, based on theoretical frameworks of stress and control. Women completed questionnaires during pregnancy and two months postpartum. The negative association between a more medicalized birth and birth satisfaction was partially mediated by perceived control. In turn, specific emotions mediated the association between perceived control and satisfaction: Greater perceived control over the birth environment predicted more positive emotions, less fear, and better perceived care; while greater perceived control over the birth process predicted more positive emotions, less fear, and less guilt. Greater incongruence between the planned and actual birth experience predicted lower satisfaction, mediated by perceived care and feelings of guilt. This investigation unraveled the association between women’s lived birth experience and their birth satisfaction. The findings underscore the value of helping women achieve satisfying births by discussing their expectations with them, providing them with experiences that meet their needs, and supporting those with a gap between their expectations and experience. Respecting individual preferences while lowering blame may improve women’s health and well-being. Additional online materials for this article are available on PWQ’s website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/0361684318779537 .
Constant Full Employment Growth: The Economic Analysis and Policies of Leon Hirsch Keyserling, Council of Economic Advisors – The Truman Era and Beyond
Authors: Brazelton W. Robert
Published: June 2018

This article discusses the generalized economic theories and policy prescriptions of Leon Hirsch Keyserling. Keyserling himself was a major author of the Employment Act of 1946, which created the Council of Economic Advisors. He became a member of the first council and later the second chair of the council, both during the Truman presidency. Keyserling also openly criticized the now-famous “Accord” of 1951-1952 between the Treasury and the Federal Reserve. Examination of his work and service links Keyserling’s later 16 economic policies to his goal of “constant full employment growth.”

JEL Classifications: E21, E31, E40, E51, N12
Directives Pour La Formation En Psychiatrie Culturelle
Authors: Kirmayer Laurence J , Fung Kenneth , Rousseau Cécile , Lo Hung Tat , Menzies Peter , Guzder Jaswant , Ganesan Soma , Andermann Lisa , McKenzie Kwame
Published: June 2018

Un énoncé deprincipes rédigé par la Section de psychiatrie transculturelle el le Comité permanent de l'éducation de l'Association despsychiatres du Canada, et approuvé par le conseil d'administration del'APC, le 28 septembre 2011.
Findings From a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of an Individualized Music Listening Program for Persons With Dementia
Authors: Kwak Jung , Anderson Keith , O’Connell Valuch Katharine
Published: June 2018

Music & Memory (M&M) is a passive music intervention that uses personalized music playlists delivered on digital music players. This program has been increasingly adopted in nursing homes across the United States to facilitate communication, engagement, and socialization among persons with dementia (PWDs); however, few studies have evaluated the program’s effect on PWDs’ outcomes. In the present study, a randomized controlled crossover design was used to examine the impact of the M&M program on 59 PWDs in 10 nursing homes over a 14-week period. Residents’ evaluated outcomes included agitation, behavioral symptoms, and use of psychotropic medications. Although trends supported the positive effects of M&M, no statistically significant differences were found in any of the outcomes measured over time. Methodological limitations withstanding, these findings call into question the effectiveness of the M&M program and the ability of facility staff to implement this intervention with fidelity.
Influence of compatibilizer on the properties of low-density polyethylene/polyamide 6 blends obtained by mechanical recycling of multilayer film waste
Authors: Moreno Diego David Pinzón , Saron Clodoaldo
Published: June 2018

Polymeric wastes have caused increasing environmental problems, mainly in oceans that accumulate large amounts of non-degradable plastic waste. Particularly, waste of polymeric multilayer films for packaging presents low interest for mechanical recycling due to the poor properties and low commercial value of the recycled material generated as polymeric blends. Multilayer films of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyamide 6 (PA6) is a typical material used for packaging applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the action of the concentration of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (PE- g-MA) on the compatibilization of LDPE/PA6 blends generated from mechanical recycling of multilayer films containing both polymers. The action of the PE- g-MA on the properties of the LDPE/PA6 blends was evaluated by tensile tests, optical microscopy, melt flow rate, and scanning electron microscopy. The use of PE- g-MA at 2.5 wt% as a compatibilizer during reactive extrusion of the multilayer films waste has showed the best result for production of the respective recycled LDPE/PA6 blends.
River pollution in the Kosovo: Cyto- and genotoxic effects of water samples in the primary rat hepatocyte assay
Authors: Alija Avdulla J , Bresgen Nikolaus , Bojaxhi Ekramije , Krenn Margit , Bajraktari Ismet D , Eckl Peter M
Published: June 2018

The actual stage of the development of Kosovo is characterized by the concerning levels of environmental pollution and the serious health problems attributed to the emission of pollutants into air, soil and water. In this context, river pollution is one of the main threats due to the discharge of untreated urban and industrial waste waters that affect the quality of surface and ground water. In addition, urban and agricultural discharges are affecting the river water quality. In this article, we are presenting data on the cyto- and genotoxic potential of water samples from three rivers (Sitnica, Drenica and Lepenci) in the Kosovo as determined in the cultures of primary rat hepatocytes. Sitnica and Drenica (as the most important Sitnica tributary) drain into the Black Sea, whereas the Lepenci river drains into the Aegean Sea. These rivers are polluted mainly by industry in the Kosovo together with municipal discharges. The results of this study show that the samples have primarily a cytotoxic potential by causing necrotic cell death that was not accompanied by any increase of the rate of micronucleated cells as an indicator for a genotoxic potential. The different effects in 2 consecutive years can be attributed to variations in physico-chemical parameters such as water levels, intake of pollutants, and so on, indicating the need for continuous monitoring and risk assessment.
On Becoming an Ethnographer
Authors: Katz Jack
Published: June 2018

Ethnographers shape a research self as they work through a series of existential choices. Self-defining choices must be made on: the genre or overall narrative logic of the text to be produced, how to handle experiences of awkwardness when interacting with subjects, how to understand one’s difficulties in understanding subjects, whether to be drawn into debates in popular culture, whether to assess progress in relation to improvements made or in relation to abstract standards defining perfect knowledge, and whether to understand evidentiary questions within a reflection or a pragmatist logic of truth. These are existential challenges in that, while alternative responses can be equally productive, in each project practical limits press the researcher to choose among inconsistent paths; the alternatives are as consequential when ignored as when reflectively weighed; the choices made implicate the researcher’s personality as a whole; and over time the choices shape the researcher’s working sensibility. The freedom of ethnographic fieldwork makes it at once an especially democratic methodology, immediately open to all who would advance knowledge of society, and an especially fateful crucible for defining the adult self.
Exploring the Influence of Federal Welfare Expenditures on State-Level New Economy Development Performance: Drawing From the Diffusion of Innovation Theory
Authors: Shin Geiguen , Hall Jeremy L.
Published: June 2018

Functional theory suggests that each level of government expands in the arena in which it can best perform, reducing the price of federalism. Focusing on the functional pattern of American federalism, we suggest that increased federal welfare spending increases state government performance in the “new economy” development policy areas by helping states minimize welfare costs and divert more own-source resources into economic development. The central focus is on the direct and indirect empirical relationships between federal welfare spending and state new economy performance. The authors use an index of innovation capacity that reflects the cumulative performance of a myriad of overlapping and mutually dependent state policies intended to bring about new economy development; this index measures state new economy development performance by focusing on the observable outputs of such polices rather than the adoption, implementation, or substance of individual policy choices. Mediating variables, such as state fiscal comfort and administrative capacity, measure the indirect impact of federal welfare spending on state new economy performance. The authors find that federal welfare spending stimulates state new economy development directly, but also indirectly through its positive impact on both state fiscal comfort and administrative capacity. The findings suggest that federal intergovernmental transfers continue to be an important policy mechanism with spillover effects for state economies.
Characterization of natural fibre-embedded biodegradable porous structures prepared with fused deposition process
Authors: Mangat Amarveer Singh , Singh Sunpreet
Published: June 2018

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as three-dimensional printing, is an emerging technology that has revolutionized various sectors, including, manufacturing, construction and medical. Specifically in the medical sector, this technology has brought tremendous process as with its aid customized, porous and controlled geometries are easily producible through the integration of magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scan like imaging techniques. Till date, a wide variety of commercial and in-house developed biomaterials have been successfully used in biomedical and tissue engineering applications. However, very less work has been reported on the use of natural fibre (such as silk and sheep wool)-embedded biomedical structure prepared through fused deposition process (FDP). In this work, we have embedded the FDP-based polylactic acid (PLA) structures with biologically treated natural fibres. The effect of input variables (natural fibre, number of laminates, infill density and raster angle) on the mechanical characteristics of resulting structures was also studied, through design of experimentation. Mechanical testing revealed sustained scaffold stability. Selected structures were exposed to Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) epithelial fibroblast cells to compare cell ingrowth and viability. The matrices exhibited the growth of fibroblast cells which showed proliferation and differentiation in interconnected FDP specimens. Overall, this study demonstrates that embedment of natural fibre has catalyzed the reproduction of MDBK cells on PLA structures, printed with simple and economical tabletop AM system.
The Mutual Constitution of Social Media Use and Status Hierarchies in Global Organizing
Authors: Kim Heewon
Published: June 2018

This study offers an in-depth account of the mutual constitution of technology use and status hierarchies in a global organization by investigating the use of enterprise social media (ESM). Analyses of individual interviews ( N = 32) and ESM posts ( N = 1,050) showed that (a) the visibility affordance was perceived and used differently by various status groups and (b) emerging patterns of ESM use contributed to the reproduction of status hierarchies. Specifically, increased communication visibility allowed dispersed workers to obtain previously unshared knowledge; however, the very same visibility also revealed knowledge disparities between different status groups, thereby sustaining status hierarchies. Thus, visibility, which has been traditionally linked to recognition, can be also conceived as a quality that highlights inequitable distribution of knowledge and status. This study advances our understanding of social status in global organizations by delineating how communicative practices, organizational structures, and technology use jointly constitute status hierarchies.
Entrepreneurial Risk Taking in Family Firms: The Wellspring of the Regenerative Capability
Authors: Zahra Shaker A.
Published: June 2018

Research on entrepreneurial risk taking by family firms has grown rapidly over the past decade. In this article, I revisit my earlier study’s objectives and contributions and analyze the key changes that have taken place in the literature since its publication. My analyses highlight the ever-broadening definition of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial risk taking by family firms and the explosive growth of research on their antecedents and consequences, increasingly adopting an international perspective. I offer suggestions to improve theory building and methodological choices while adopting a multilevel perspective that enables the recognition of microfoundations and temporal issues. This research can clarify the role of entrepreneurship as the source of family firms’ regenerative capability.
The F-PEC Revisited: From the Family Business Definition Dilemma to Foundation of Theory
Authors: Rau Sabine B. , Astrachan Joseph H. , Smyrnios Kosmas X.
Published: June 2018

In proposing a scale to solve the “family business definition dilemma” in 2002, the F-PEC scale sparked considerable interest and research in our field, particularly at a time when family business was in its formative stage of development. We respond to the invitation of the Family Business Review editor to tell our story concerning how the F-PEC finally came to life. We highlight research that has been done in respect to the three F-PEC dimensions on the individual, the group/family, and at the organizational levels, and outline future research opportunities that might inform a theory of the family business.
Advancing the open science movement through sustainable business model development
Authors: Roman Mona , Liu Jingwei , Nyberg Timo
Published: June 2018

The open science literature has focused on ways to increase the openness of research data at universities, while links with industry in the context of open innovation have received less attention. The aim of this article is to increase understanding of how open science can lead to open innovation. The key research questions are the following: How can researchers be motivated to make open their research data and how can industry take advantage of the data? The authors explore this topic through a case study of a Finnish foundation and its closed database. In 14 semi-structured interviews with the database owners, potential users and open science experts, they identified opportunities, barriers and possible solutions to opening the database. The authors propose a generic process framework for developing sustainable business models to facilitate research data transfer from university to industry. The study contributes to the open science literature by shedding light on how the gap between open science and open innovation can be bridged through the development of sustainable business models.
A high performance polybenzoxazine via smart ortho-norbornene functional benzoxazine monomer based on ring-opening metathesis polymerization
Authors: Zhang Kan , Liu Yuqi , Wang Yuting , Sun Lin
Published: June 2018

Monofunctional benzoxazine with ortho-norbornene functionality ( oHPNI-a) has been synthesized via Mannich condensation. The benzoxazine monomer containing norbornene group can be polymerized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) to form a side-chain benzoxazine functionalized polynorbornene (poly( oHPNI-a)side) with number-average molecular weight 3840 and weight-average molecular weight 7290. The structures of synthesized monomer and side-chain functionalized linear polymer have been confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The further thermal curing polymerization mechanisms of poly( oHPNI-a)side are monitored by in situ FTIR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Activation energy of polymerization for poly( oHPNI-a)side is also studied by DSC. The polybenzoxazine obtained by ROMP and further thermally activated ring-opening polymerization exhibits much higher thermal stability than the polybenzoxazine directly formed by traditional thermal curing.