bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Socio-Economic Aspects of Digital Transformation of Higher Education
Authors: Dmitriev V. Ya.
Published: January 2021

Aim. The presented study aims to assess the socio-economic aspects of higher education transformation based on the widespread use of digital technologies.

Tasks. The author describes the essence of digital inequality (digital divide), determines the place and role of teachers and students in the transformation of education driven by digital technologies, and highlights the specific features of virtual reality.

Methods. This study uses the methods of the systems approach, comparative and structural analysis, analytical and theoretical generalization.

Results. The author outlines the concept of a new paradigm of education based on the widespread use of digital technologies and transformed roles of teachers and students.

Conclusions. Digitalization of education has made it possible to form an individual educational trajectory based on different forms of presentation of educational content and its communication from the teacher to the student, including using such technologies as virtual reality and artificial intelligence.
Bayesian vocabulary tests
Authors: M. Meara Paul , Miralpeix Inma
Published: January 2021

This paper proposes a new way of looking at productive vocabulary in L1 and L2 speakers. An experiment was conducted where 160 participants provided six words for five different picture prompts they were presented with. Data from this minimal vocabulary test was analysed using Bayesian statistics in order to decide whether a set of responses were generated by an L1 speaker or by an L2 advanced learner. Results obtained provide some interesting insights into the viability of minimal vocabulary tests (small sets of words can carry large amounts of information on vocabulary use), as well as some indications of how Bayesian methods could help us explore productive vocabularies of L2 speakers at different proficiency levels.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS LEADING TOWARDS OBESITY AMONG SCHOOL - GOING CHILDREN (AGED 13 - 16 YEARS) OF KARACHI
Authors: Sarfraz Muhammd , Tariq Anum , Aziz Shahnila , Nadeem Abida
Published: January 2021

To analyze the factors leading to obesity in school children and to assess the role
of Physical therapist in health education in schools
It was a cross sectional study and factors leading towards obesity among school
- going children aged 13 - 16 years were analyzed. A total of 300 students were
selected from different schools of Karachi through Convenience sampling
technique. Data entry was done on SPSS version 20 and frequencies and
percentages were taken as descriptive statistics for categorical variables.
300 participants were included in the study where girls were 53.7%and boys
were 46.3%. It was found that majority 40% of the children come under the
category of normal BMI while 37% were overweight and obese. In addition, 55%
of the children had a positive family history of obesity. It was also interesting to
find out that 46% students were not participating in any physical activity and
45% schools didn’t even had the PT period in their schedule. Furthermore, 91%
students were consuming regularly.
Our study concluded that the major risk factor of obesity in 13-16 years children
is lack of physical activity. However, usage of junk food is also increasing in this
age group. Furthermore genetic predisposition cannot be ignored. It was further
noticed that most of our children are having less sleep than recommended
which itself has a very strong relation with weight gain.
BILINGUALISM IN CHILDREN HAVING CONGENITAL BILATERAL PROFOUND SENSORI NEURAL HEARING LOSS – CASE REVIEW
Authors: Asif Siddiqui Amina
Published: January 2021

The age old understanding that an individual with a hearing loss is incapable of acquiring verbal communication skills was readily accepted in the past, which led to the inadvertent but unfortunate coining of phrases “deaf and dumb” or “deaf and mute, " and the development of non-verbal or manual communication methodolgies of Sign language. Further, this caused the segregation and isolation of otherwise physically and intellectually competent individuals from mainstream society, unjustifiably denying them opportunities of education and vocation. Studies have proved that in the absence of any organic or inorganic complication, a child with a hearing loss may not only score a high Intelligence Quotient but can also acquire more than one language fluently.
Early Intervention with appropriate amplification of residual hearing is underscored as the fundamental prerequisite for children with bilateral congenital profound sensorineural hearing loss, for subsequent acquisition of good listening and normal speech-language skills and plausible bilingualism; that further equips them with scholastic achievements comparable to their hearing peers. The past half century has witnessed stupendous technological enhancements in amplification devices manufactured for children having hearing loss, complemented by steady success in fostering their Inclusive Education. This paper highlights the urgent need in Pakistan to address this issue as well as the importance of early detection, diagnosis, and (re)habilitation along with parent training initiated within the first year of life.
An otherwise anticipated disabling condition may be overcome completely if neonatal screening, which is not only inexpensive but also easy to perform; is made mandatory at all hospitals and maternity homes, as practiced in the developed world. This shall ease the challenges faced by the families of children having hearing loss; and enable the professionals working with them to successfully alleviate their communicative, social, educational and vocational difficulties, and ensure that they become successfully contributing members of our verbal society.
EFFECTIVENESS OF HOME MANAGEMENT VERSUS OPD MANAGEMENT IN LOW BACK PAIN PATIENTS
Authors: Sarfaraz Muhammad , Naz Erum , Habib Kulsoom , Danish Syed Hassan , Ahmed Farah
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE
To Study the effectiveness of Home management versus OPD management in Low back pain patients.
STUDY DESIGN
The study was a quasi experimental study design.
STUDY SETTINGS & PARTICIPANTS
Participants aged between 30 to 70 years suffering from low back pain for more than 3 months were inducted in the study. They were divided into two groups, one which was provided intervention at home and the other which was given physiotherapy in OPD setting.
INTERVENTIONS
A pre and post assessment was done at 6 months based on Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Analysis was done by application of Independent sample t test. P value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.
RESULTS
A total of 100 participants were equally divided for OPD and home management. Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire was administered pre and post intervention and Independent T test was applied to find the difference between the mean pretest and posttest scores for OPD and home managed patients which were taken 6 months apart. A significant difference was observed as p value was < 0.00
CONCLUSION
The results of the study concluded that OPD management for chronic low back pain not only reduces pain but also reduces chance of disability. But patient satisfaction was higher in home manage group in comparison to OPD in personal care.
A CONCERN FOR THE ADOLESCENT ROLE OF PHYSIOTHERAPY IN BURNS REHABILITATION…ONE OF THE IGNORED ISSUES IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Khan Muhammad Usman
Published: January 2021

Burn wounds are categorized among the most severe injuries an individual can experience1. These are one of the major health problems worldwide. Even in case of small burn it causes high economic burden on the family and the society. In burns, early recovery is considered as an integral part of the treatment, which is not in terms of healing wound only, but it is an overall process retrieval including physical activities, decreasing psychological problems and focus on cosmetic issue. It is evident that treatment must begin immediately after the injury and last up to months or even years2. Lack of emphasis on physical rehabilitation of burns patient is a source of concern and here I would like to draw your attention to the problems in case proper rehabilitation does not commence.
SIGNIFICANCE OF LACTATE ESTIMATION IN DEBILITATED MYOPATHIES AND TREATMENT PROGRAMS Lactate levels in myopathies
Authors: Mahmood Alam Junaid , Imran Farooqui Sumaira , Hussain Amna , Mahmood Syed Riaz , Naheed Suad , Ali Ansari Maqsood
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND

Metabolic alteration such as acidosis and abnormally high levels of lactate productions are responsible for development of disabilities in polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Interestingly, this has been suggested that by proper aerobic training, combined with muscle strengthening exercises, shows improve aerobic capacity and muscle metabolism.

AIM AND OBJECTIVES

The present study was undertaken to evaluate lactate concentrations in myopathy patients and determines the efficacy of exercise therapy in improving aerobic status of such patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Selected myopathy patients grouped as PM (n = 12 patients) and DM (n = 8 patients). The effects of physical therapy treatments were assessed by lactate estimation at zero, 15th and 28th days.

RESULTS

Gradual decline in lactate concentration was noted in both PM and DM group, however more prominently in later than in former. The total decline in lactate levels from zero days to 28th day was 42% for PM patients and a considerable 63% for DM patients.

CONCLUSION

It was suggested that estimation of lactate levels in PM and DM patients is of some metabolic importance and physiotherapy treatments did cause improvement in aerobic efficiency of muscles, which was depicted by periodic decline in lactate concentration after 15 and 28 days.
COMMON MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS IN DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS
Authors: Barki Subhan ur Rehman , Munawwar Khan Hira , Jilani Syeda Mehreen , uddin Muhammad Noor
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

To determine the frequency of common musculoskeletal disorders complications among type 1 and type 2 diabetic mellitus patients and to find the association with BMI. Also to assess the level of awareness about Physical Therapy among diabetic patients.

METHODS

A cross-sectional (descriptive) survey of diabetic patients aged above 35 years with a history of minimum 5 years of disease, taken from physical therapy unit of Karachi Pakistan. It was conducted through self-administered structured performa, 375 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected and studied. Analysis was carried out using the statistical package for social sciences.

RESULT

There were 42.1% males and 57.9% females participated in the study. More than 90% participants were type 2 diabetics. The most common manifestations were osteoarthritis affecting both extremities (n=238), frozen shoulder (n=176), tendinitis (n=55) and fibromyalgia (n=50) noticed in both types of DM. A significant association was found between BMI and the duration of disease with respect to type 2 DM. More than half of the participants were aware of the various effects of physical therapy in diabetes.
Pelatihan Peningkatan Strategi Pembelajaran Berbasis Kurikulum 2013
Authors: Fitria Nila , Fidesrinur Fidesrinur
Published: January 2021

TK Toledo sebagai mitra dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat merupakan Lembaga Pendidikan yang terletak di daerah Pasar Rebo, Jakarta Timur. Lembaga Pendidikan ini menyelenggarakan layanan Pendidikan bagi anak usia dini dalam rentang usia 3-6 tahun. Kegiatan belajar mengajar sudah dilakukan oleh guru tetapi pembelajaran yang belum berbasis kurikulum 2013, sehingga tidak dapat diketahui ketercapaian atau ketidaktercapaian dari sebuah kegaiatan pembelajaran berdasarkan kompetensi dasar. Solusi yang akan diberikan kepada guru melalui kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang didanai dari LP2M UAI pada program competitive public service grant. Adapun bentuk solusi yang akan diberikan adalah pelatihan dan workshop. Pelatihan yang diberikan kepada guru dalam materi pendekatan saintifik. Pendekatan saintifik merupakan salah satu startegi pembelajaran yang harus dilakukan pada kurikulum 2013 PAUD. Kemudian workshop perangkat pembelajaran, dimana guru-guru menyusun dan merancang rencana kegiatan mingguan dan harian berbasis kurikulum 2013 dengan pendekatan saintifik. Tahap akhir dari kegiatan ini adalah pendampingan dalam mempraktekkan strategi pembelajaran PAUD berbasis kurikulum 2013. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menujukan adanya peningkatan strategi pembelajaran pada guru di TK Islam Toledo sebesar 69% yang memiliki kategori “Baik”. Kesimpulannya adalah kegiatan pelatihan pendektan saintifik dan workshop tentang perangkat pembelajaran dapat meningkatkan kemampuan strategi pembelajaran yang dimiliki guru.

Kata Kunci: Strategi Pembelajaran, Guru, Kurikulum 2013
Samorząd terytorialny – 30 lat doświadczeń samorządu (gminnego) w Polsce
Authors: Kozyrski Robert
Published: January 2021

The article is an attempt to summarise the achievements of local government in Poland reactivated in 1990, and the topics discussed in the article focus on development and functioning since 1808 Prussian urban reform, which is the organisational model for contemporary local government units in Europe. Much of the article is also devoted to the functioning of Polish local governments in the 1990s and early 2000s, preceding Poland’s accession to the European Union. The issue of the use of pre-accession funds and funds available after 2004 by local governments, which had a significant impact on infrastructure investments in Polish communes, districts and voivodship, was discussed in detail. On the basis of available reports, the article also presents an assessment of the achievements of local government in Poland over thirty years, with its successes and failures. The author also refers to the possibility of using this legacy by local governments of neighbouring countries aspiring to EU membership, mainly Ukraine.
Njegoš and memory disputes in Montenegro
Authors: Domachowska Agata
Published: January 2021

Petar II Petrović Njegoš is probably the most famous figure in Montenegro’s history and a particular symbol of this place. Despite his short life, he achieved fame not only as a politician but also as an artist. The article aims to analyze how the memory of Petar II Petrović Njegoš – a symbolic figure in the history and culture of Montenegro – has been constructed. The analysis will focus on the public debate on this figure in relation to the motion to establish a new national holiday – Njegoš’s day, i.e., the day of Montenegrin culture. The study uses both the discourse method and content analysis, including legislative projects, newspaper articles, television broadcasts, public speeches, and other messages from individual politicians and intellectuals. The public debate on Njegoš revealed how the inconsistency of memory, primarily the Montenegrin, Serbian and Bosniak memory, generates conflicts and at the same time deepens the prevailing social divisions.
Polityka historyczna Partii
Akcji Demokratycznej w Bośni i Hercegowinie na przełomie XX i XXI wieku – zarys problemu
Authors: Kujawa Karol
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper is to make an overarching evaluation by looking at historical policy of the Party of Democratic Action (Stranka demokratske akcije, SDA) in Bosnia and Herzegowina at the turn of the 20th and 21st century and trying to (analytically) examine the main directions of this policy. Therefore paper will try to focus on the major historical figures and trying to analytically to indicate the reasons of the revival the Ottoman traditions in the public life of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Considering this issue I wonder what events and historical figures were promoted and which were censored by Bosnian politicians. What role in Bosnian historical politics was played by Srebrenica and the leader of Bosnian Muslims, Alija Izetbegović. The results of these studies indicate that it was primarily the conflict in Yugoslavia that contributed to the revival of Ottoman traditions among Bosnian Muslims. Only after the war did the historical policy gain institutional support and help the ruling party mobilize the electorate. Since then, the pillar of historical policy has become the martyrdom of the nation, the Ottoman past as well as the cult of the leader of Bosnian Muslims, Alija Izetbegović. Also, the authorities aimed to convince the inhabitants of Bosnia that in their lives the period of communist Yugoslavia brought many negative consequences. This pejorative image was supported in the mass media and education.
Mniejszościowy etnobiznes w Rumunii. Przypadek słowiańskojęzycznej ludności w Marmaroszu
Authors: Kosiek Tomasz
Published: January 2021

The author addresses the issue of ethno-business, which has been largely unresearched to date. In the approach proposed by the author, ethnobusiness is understood as a wide range of practices and behaviours related to the deliberate use of existing regulations going beyond the intentions of legislators that guarantee cultural and political privileges for national and ethnic minorities. Various activists and leaders gathered around ethnic organizations and co-creators of the discussed phenomenon most often pursue their private material or political interests. However, ethno-business is closely linked to the established Romanian legislation on national minorities. Thus, the author investigates the roots of this phenomenon, introducing readers to the regulations on minorities in Romania, and points to the social consequences of ethno-business. The analysis of the discussed problem is supplemented and illustrated by examples of specific behaviours observed by the author during his long-term and extensive ethnographic field research carried out on the Romanian-Ukrainian borderland between 2009 and 2010. Although this research project focused on aspects of ethnic and national identity among the Slavic-speaking community of the Maramures region, it also gave an opportunity to spot a number of behaviours that can be interpreted in the context of ethno-business. The ethnographic examples given in the article show how the policies related to the protection of national minorities in Romania can be exploited in various circumstances by different individuals who have relevant knowledge of the rights of national minorities.
Miejsce Stepana Bandery w ukraińskiej polityce pamięci w latach 2014-2019
Authors: Wojnar Marek
Published: January 2021

The following paper covers the topic of Stepan Bandera’s place in the Ukrainian politics of memory in 2014-2019. Inspired by the narrowest of the definitions of the politics of memory proposed by Lech Nijakowski, I conducted a analysis of Ukrainian central and local authorities’ actions relating to the figure of Stepan Bandera. Among the sources that were used there are documents of various Ukrainian authorities, including the Verkhovna Rada, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Institute of National Remembrance (UINR) and local governments. I also analysed the public statements of Ukrainian politicians who held the positions of President, Prime Minister, Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada or ministers regarding how they referred to the figure of Bandera. I have analogously analysed the statements made by Volodymyr Viatrovych, President of the UINR. The materials from the Ukrainian local media helped to trace the actions taken towards the figure of Bandera at the local government level. The qualitative analysis showed that Bandera played a noticeable but not at all key role in the Ukrainian politics of memory in the period under study. The leader of nationalism was described in the category of ethnocentrism, but at the same time the number of actions relating to his figure taken by the authorities was relatively small. The main qualitative change is the fact that the Bandera’s politics of memory went beyond Galicia and Volhynia. In the period under study, several dozen Bandera streets appeared in Central Ukraine, Bukovina and Transcarpathia, and 2019 was proclaimed the “Year of Bandera” in the Zhytomyr Region.
The Influence of Good University Governance and Intellectual Capital on University Performance in Indonesia
Authors: Yudianto Ivan , Mulyani Sri , Fahmi Mohamad , Winarningsih Srihadi
Published: January 2021

University has the main task to develop science and technology to increase Indonesian competitiveness in the world. Researchers conduct the study based on the condition that the university governance and intellectual capital are not optimal to help achieve the expected performance at universities in Indonesia. The study aims to examine the influence of the Good University Governance and Intellectual Capital toward Performance in State-Owned Universities-Legal Entity (SU-LE) and State-Owned Universities-Public Service Agency (SU-PSA) in Indonesia. Researchers use quantitative methods and questionnaire instruments to collect data. The study concludes that good university governance and intellectual capital each positively and significantly influence SU-LE and SU-PSA performance in Indonesia. Moreover, good university governance has a positive and significant influence on the intellectual capital of SU-LE and SU-PSA in Indonesia.

 

Received: 26 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Support of Socialist Countries during Vietnam War: Training Officers of Soviet Union for Vietnam, 1954-1975
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Duy , Sang Nguyen Van
Published: January 2021

The victory of the Vietnamese people in the war is inseparable from the great support of the international community and the peacekeeping force worldwide. Not only receiving material support, but more importantly, Vietnam also received the support on intellectual resources from international friends through the training of officers in all fields. The Soviet Union's role as the leader of the socialist bloc held the most important position in that immense help. Based on archived sources that are diplomatic documents between the two countries, as well as the latest research achievements, the article analyzes the support of The Soviet Union for Vietnam in the field of officer training in many aspects. The results confirm the great contributions of The Soviet Union to the Vietnam war against the United States to build and protect the independence of Vietnamese people, and at the same time contribute to explain the effects of the “Soviet model” in Vietnam in the past as well as nowadays.

 

Received: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Translating Conceptual Qur’anic Metaphor: A Cogno-Translational Approach
Authors: Al-Sowaidi Belqes , Mohammed Tawffeek , Banda Felix
Published: January 2021

This study will investigate metaphor translation as a natural phenomenon. It will analyze some of the problems involving the translation of metaphorical expressions in two Qur’anic translations, namely, Yusuf Ali's The Holy Qur’an: Text, Translation and Commentary and Laleh Mehree Bakhtiar's The Sublime Qur’an.  The analysis in this study employs both quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as a cognitive framework of metaphor, which helps conciliate the cultural specificity of metaphors and their transference into linguistically and culturally unrelated languages. The present analysis is based on Mandelblit’s Cognitive Translation Hypothesizes (CTH) (Mandelblit (1995), Maalej’s strategies of translating metaphor (Maalej, 2002, 2008) and Kövecses’s concept of Cultural Variation (Kövecses, 2002,2006). This kind of eclecticism provides a wide-ranging approach to be followed while analyzing the translation of Qur'anic metaphors. The approach used in this study does not only deal with the linguistic aspects of Qur'anic metaphors, but also pays attention to their conceptual and cultural aspects. Cross-cultural variation can affect the outcome of translating metaphorical expressions. Thus, the translator is obliged to adopt certain strategies to preserve the subtle nuances of the original Arabic text and its socio-cultural context, while at the same time ensuring that the translation is accessible to the target audience.  This study concludes that most of the conceptual metaphors under scrutiny have been literally translated into English, which is frequently inaccurate. English and Arabic often diverge in their conceptualization in general texts, but especially in sensitive texts like the Qur'an. Therefore, the conceptualizations of some Qur'anic metaphors are often lost in translation.

 

Received: 19 July 2020 / Accepted: 9 November 2020/ Published: 17 January 2021
The place of Digital Nativity and Digital Immigration on Internet Accessibility and Usage by Students and Lecturers of Tertiary Institutions of Learning in Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Ufuophu-Biri Emmanuel , Ijeh Patrick Nkemdilim
Published: January 2021

There is a scholarly divide on the propriety of the notion of digital nativity and digital immigration. In contrast, one side of the range postulates that digital nativity and digital migration influence adoption of digital technologies, the other side contends that the concept is instead an unsubstantiated over-generalization. This study interrogates the role of digital nativity and digital immigration play in Internet usage by students and lecturers of tertiary institutions of learning in Delta State, Nigeria. We adopted the Technology Acceptance Model, which explains factors that motivate people to accept and use a particular technology. We used a questionnaire to gather data from 1,200 respondents and analyze the data using descriptive and inferential statistics. We found the students and lecturers had sufficient Internet access, and there is no significant differential in their access to the Internet. However, there is a substantial difference in their frequency of using the Internet as the students tended to use the Internet more frequently than the lecturers do. Also, there are significant differences in the pattern of students' and lecturers' Internet usage. We recommend that lecturers and students should increase their accessibility to the Internet, and lecturers should increase their frequency of Internet usage.

 

Received: 8 November 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
The Impact of Client Size and Financial Performance on Audit Opinion: Evidence from a Developing Market
Authors: Diab Ahmed A. , Abdelazim Samir I. , Eissa Aref M. , Abozaid Eid Mahmoud , Elshaabany Mona Mohamed
Published: January 2021

This research investigates the effect of audit client size and its financial performance on audit opinion in the Egyptian audit market. A few studies have investigated the association between these factors in the audit context, especially in African developing countries. Data are manually collected from the annual financial reports of firms registered in the Egyptian Stock Market, focusing on a sample of EGX 70 from 2012 to 2016, and binary logistic regression is used in data analysis. We found that the company size is insignificantly, positively, related to a qualified, rather than an unqualified, type of audit opinion. In contrast, the client's financial performance has a significant but negative relationship with the qualified type of audit opinion. This study provides insights for managers and investors in developing countries to understand and perceive audit opinions in these contexts.

 

Received: 31 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Role of Women in Preventing Radicalization and Violent Extremism that Leads to Terrorism in Albania
Authors: Poni Merita , Kambellari Evisa , Zeneli Merushe , Baci Rozana
Published: January 2021

The aim of this paper is to inform the reader about the role of women in countering violent extremism and radicalization leading to terrorism (VERLT). Women’s role represents a growing interest for policy makers in addressing the rising concern for youth engagement in violent extremism. The study applies a gender perspective to analyzing the role of women in preventing and countering radicalization and violent extremism. In depth interviews were conducted with thirty-one women to reveal their opinions, attitudes and experiences with prevention of VERLT. The study covers three regions: Tirana, Elbasan and Pogradec, which are identified as hot spots for violent extremism. The study has found that women have a crucial role in preventing and countering violent extremism, given their access in family and community. Women’s role is especially relevant in keeping young people safe from extremists’ radicalization attempts. Women civic engagement increases community resilience against violent narratives and contributes to peace perseverance. Women front-line activism is primordial for countering extremism that leads to terrorism.

 

Received: 8 October 2020 / Accepted: 11 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Evaluation of Visitor Management and its Impact on Visitor Experience and Satisfaction at Archaeological Sites in Jordan (Case Study: Jerash)
Authors: Qaddhat Ranea Mohammed , Fayed Hanaa Abedlkader , Wafik Ghada Mohamed
Published: January 2021

This study aims to assess visitor management at the Jerash archaeological site in Jordan. It also sheds light on their approaches in guiding and managing visitors at the site, and to discover the effectiveness of adopting indirect approaches (soft strategies) by comparison to using direct approaches (hard strategies). This study examines the effects of visitor management practices on the level of experience quality for visitors, as well as on their satisfaction. The primary data has been obtained from various tools, mainly a survey questionnaire. The study has used descriptive analysis and linear regression. Moreover, the researcher has used site observation to assists in supporting, or refuting, the findings. The study has revealed an effect of visitor management on the visitor quality of experience and visitor satisfaction. The study has come up with many recommendations that will improve the effectiveness of visitor management at the Jerash site.

 

Received: 9 August 2020 / Accepted: 2 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Using Media for Voting Decision among First-time Voter College Students in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Intyaswati Drina , Maryani Eni , Sugiana Dadang , Venus Anter
Published: January 2021

This study aims to highlights the interactive effect between two different media in making voting decisions. Interaction between traditional and social media as the primary knowledge outlets adopted by students in decision making becomes the focus of the research. The study was conducted with the social context of the 2019 Indonesian General Election. The survey method used data from 1066 first-time voter college students at six public colleges in West Java, Indonesia. The results showed that social media that interact with television, radio, and newspapers significantly influenced voting decisions. The growing trend in online political talks significantly influenced the voting decision. It is worth noticing that the influence of the interaction used between social media and newspapers on voting decisions had a negative impact, thereby signifying that there was a decrease in the opportunity to vote using social media. This study shows the importance of interaction between social media as the primary political information source and traditional media to complement students' decision-making.

 

Received: 28 October 2020 / Accepted: 11 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021
Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychological Attitudes’ for Nurse Workers at Isolation Hospitals in Baghdad City
Authors: Ahmad Shihab Ahmad
Published: January 2021

Objectives: to identify the effect of COVID 19 pandemic psychological attitudes for nurses’ workers atIsolation Hospitals in BaghdadMethodology: descriptive study conducted among 100 nurses selected by purposive sample. The datacollected by using electronic questionnaire related to psychological attitudes composed of 10 items and 3items related to demographic characteristics.Results: the result reflects that most of nurses are males and at age (20-29) years, also they are graduatedfrom high school of nursing and nursing college. Most of nurses’ psychological status effected by COVID,they are feel anxiety stress depression and frustration due to un familiar area, lack of experience, un effectedtreatment, COVID 19 bad news, long working time and isolation from friends. There is significant correlationbetween nurses’ psychological attitude and level of education.Conclusion: COVID 19 effect on the nurses’ psychological status. Therefore, it is important to initiatetraining session to educate nurses about stress management, how to deal with psychological problems andadapt with different situation
Assessment of Family Knowledge toward their Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder at Al-Hilla City, Iraq
Authors: Abdulmahdi A. Hasan
Published: January 2021

Background: The parents lay the foundations for the lives of their children. When a child is born with adevelopmental disorder, parents also need support in maintaining normal developmental abilities. There’s noway of predicting when a child can master self-help skills. Parents should be assisted, including the child’sprimary caregiver and teacher, and must also include sufficient details on the treatment, disease state andcommercially accessible tools that can help their children gain independence.Aims: This study aims to assess the family knowledge toward their children With Autism Spectrum Disorderat Al-Hilla City, IraqMethod: This quantitative study using a descriptive correlational design to study the assessment of FamilyKnowledge toward their children With Autism at Al-Hilla City. A convenience sample of (n=50) consistingof families. Data were selected over two months from the first of September 2019 to the first of November2019.Results: showed significant differences in autism disorder knowledge between age group.Conclusion: Knowledge of the family of Autism spectrum disorder at Hila is on the moderate and differssignificantly by age, education, and location. Consequently, it is recommended that autism disordereducation should be used to improve their knowledge of the disorder, especially for those with nonformal education, older parents and those in the rural areas, through intervention by government and nongovernment agencies.
Efforts to Prevent Criminal Acts of Money Laundering Using Penal Policy Measures
Authors: Purwoto Purwoto
Published: January 2021

The context of enforcement of money laundering is not a simple concept that is very complicated becauseit is so complex that it is very difficult to formulate criminal offenses in an objective and effective manner.This can be seen from countries that regulate the problem of money laundering. Money laundering is alreadya phenomenon of cross-border crime and organized crime which requires special law enforcement as well,in this case one of the means used is a means of punishment. The modus operandi of money launderingcrime continues to change from time to time in line with the advancement of the era and the technology ofthe community. To that end, increasing the ability of law enforcement officers in the field of enforcementof money laundering crimes must always be improved, one of the efforts to overcome and prevent moneylaundering by means of a penal policy. In this study, the data used are secondary data with a normativejuridical approach and normative descriptive analysis reported in a research report. From the results of theresearch that has been carried out, it has been concluded that the means of reasoning are useful in efforts toprevent and deal with money laundering.
Curcumin vs Chloroquine in Coronavirus Global Pandemic: Trend analysis Study in Google
Authors: Maslichah Mafruchati
Published: January 2021

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the newly discovered corona virus. Curcumin and Chloroquineare one of the medications to combat against the pandemic. This paper has objective to analyze the trendsinside the use of Chloroquine and Curcumin as medical treatment against corona in global big data. Thisstudy uses quantitative method of data mining design in collecting the data. This study uses simple randomsampling to determine the number of the population needed for this study. This study uses Google trendsto gather the statistical result based on the keyword. The result shows that curcumin is more popular tobe searched as information in bigdata. USA is the country with the biggest demand of information aboutcurcumin, as seen on the number of queries variation as well as the relevance score. It can be concluded thatinformation about curcumin has demanded more because of low side effect than chloroquine.
COVID-19: The Invisible Massacre of the Elderly and the Possible Professional Liabilities
Authors: Andrea Cioffi
Published: January 2021

The elderlies are probably the most affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic. Despite this, the measures aimed atpreventing the serious consequences that this health emergency may have on the elderly are still inadequate.This study analyses the effects of the current pandemic on elderlies and debilitated patients. In addition,the study focuses on the legal implications of the damages that the elderlies are suffering in this worldwideemergency.
Changing Trends in Teaching Method for Medical Students-Prosection Versus Dissection of Cadavers
Authors: Sudakshina Chakrabarti
Published: January 2021

Background: Cadaveric dissection is considered a tool for studying structural details of the human body.Prosection is demonstrating anatomy of wet specimens preserved and already dissected by experts. Inprosection students get to see multiple wet specimens, museum specimens already dissected by experts andlearn by observing the structures.Methodology: Study is conducted on 30, 1st year MBBS students divided randomly into 2 groups eachhaving 15 students-- Group A and Group B. Informed consent is taken from all the participants prior to thestudy. The second part of study conducted on final year MBBS students on their view on cadaveric dissectionThe anatomy of the neck region which extends over 8 hours of dissection classes are taught to the groupA by traditional dissection demonstration method. The same is taught to Group B by prosection technique.The following day the performance of the students are assessed by a spot identification test consisting of15 questions each of 2 marks pertaining to the specimens as a practical test. In the second part of the studyfeedback is taken in form of a validated questionnaire from final year MBBS students about their view oncadaveric dissection.Results: The performance of the spot identification test conducted on the students was analysed uniformlyand corrected by 2 experts. The results shows the performance of group B (Prosection group) was significantlybetter than group A (p value 0.034 at 95% CI).On analysing the feedback majority of final year studentsliked dissection on cadavers and they felt it promoted group learning and future knowledge on surgicalinstruments and skills.Conclusion: This study suggest that utilizing prosections of the neck region specimens seem to beadvantageous pedagogical approach for teaching Gross Anatomy. Based on the views on cadaveric dissectionof final year studentsit is better toadopt combined approach and expose students to both techniques dissectionand prosection.
Strong Evidence of Highly Pathogenic and Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Domestic Poultry in Iraq
Authors: Karar Mohammed Abdul-Sada
Published: January 2021

Background: Avian influenza is very important contagious disease caused by Avian Influenza A viruseswhich continue to pose real threats for both human and animal. The virus subdivided into many HA and NAsubtypes, some of them are highly pathogenic while others are low pathogenic for poultry.Method: Nasal swabs or fresh tracheal swabs in case of dead birds were taken from 417of chicken farmsand flocks besides to 689 of local poultry that grew in the backyards all over Iraq to detect and identify viralsubtypes.Results: Avian influenza viruses were observed in 7.04% of commercial chicken farms and in 4.93% oflocal poultry that growing in the backyards at Iraq; following subtypes were recorded: H9N2, H5N1, H7N9,H5N8 and H5N2. Subtype H9N2 is the prevalent type, all infections with H5N1, H5N8 and 28.57% of H7N9subtypes were highly pathogenic; 100% of infections with H9N2, H5N2 and 71.42% of H7N9 appeared aslow pathogenic.Conclusions: According to the author’s knowledge, the present study is first study recordedavian Influenzavirus subtypes: H5N1, H7N9, H5N8 and H5N2 in domestic birds at Iraq.
The Skælskør structure in eastern Denmark – wrench-related anticline or primary Late Cretaceous seafloor topography?
Authors: Surlyk Finn , Boldreel Lars Ole , Stemmerik Lars , Andersen Holger Lykke
Published: January 2021

Sorgenfrei (1951) identified a number of NW–SE oriented highs in the Upper Cretaceous – Danian Chalk Group in eastern Denmark, including the Skælskør structure and interpreted them as anticlinal folds formed by wrenching along what today is known as the Ringkøbing-Fyn High.
Recent reflection seismic studies of the Chalk Group in Øresund and Kattegat have shown that similar highs actually represent topographic highs on the Late Cretaceous – Danian seafloor formed by strong contourparallel bottom currents. Reflection seismic data collected over the Skælskør structure in order to test the hypothesis of Sorgenfrei show that the Base Chalk reflection is relatively flat with only very minor changes in inclination and cut by only a few minor faults.
The structure is situated along the northern margin of a high with roots in a narrow basement block, projecting towards the northwest from the Ringkøbing Fyn High into the Danish Basin. The elevated position is maintained due to reduced subsidence as compared with the Danish Basin north of the high. The hypothesis of wrench tectonics as origin can be refuted.
The seismic data show that the upper part of the Chalk Group is characterised by irregular mounded reflections, interpreted as representing contourite drifts, mounds and channels formed by strong, mainly late Maastrichtian bottom currents. The Skælskør structure of Sorgenfrei is thus in reality a Late Cretaceous topographic seafloor high formed by a combination of differential subsidence complemented by topographic features on the seafloor created by bottom currents in the late Maastrichtian.
Bulk chemical composition contrast from attractive forces in AFM force spectroscopy
Authors: Silbernagl Dorothee , Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani Media , Cano Murillo Natalia , Elert Anna Maria , Sturm Heinz
Published: January 2021

A key application of atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the measurement of physical properties at sub-micrometer resolution. Methods such as force–distance curves (FDCs) or dynamic variants (such as intermodulation AFM (ImAFM)) are able to measure mechanical properties (such as the local stiffness, kr) of nanoscopic heterogeneous materials. For a complete structure–property correlation, these mechanical measurements are considered to lack the ability to identify the chemical structure of the materials. In this study, the measured attractive force, Fattr, acting between the AFM tip and the sample is shown to be an independent measurement for the local chemical composition and hence a complete structure–property correlation can be obtained. A proof of concept is provided by two model samples comprised of (1) epoxy/polycarbonate and (2) epoxy/boehmite. The preparation of the model samples allowed for the assignment of material phases based on AFM topography. Additional chemical characterization on the nanoscale is performed by an AFM/infrared-spectroscopy hybrid method. Mechanical properties (kr) and attractive forces (Fattr) are calculated and a structure–property correlation is obtained by a manual principle component analysis (mPCA) from a kr/Fattr diagram. A third sample comprised of (3) epoxy/polycarbonate/boehmite is measured by ImAFM. The measurement of a 2 × 2 µm cross section yields 128 × 128 force curves which are successfully evaluated by a kr/Fattr diagram and the nanoscopic heterogeneity of the sample is determined.
Insight into functionalized-macrocycles-guided supramolecular photocatalysis
Authors: Zuo Minzan , Velmurugan Krishnasamy , Wang Kaiya , Tian Xueqi , Hu Xiao-Yu
Published: January 2021

Due to the unique characteristics of macrocycles (e.g., the ease of modification, hydrophobic cavities, and specific guest recognition), they can provide a suitable environment to realize photocatalysis via noncovalent interactions with different substrates. In this minireview, we emphasized the photochemical transformation and catalytic reactivity of different guests based on the binding with various macrocyclic hosts as well as on the role of macrocyclic-hosts-assisted hybrid materials in energy transfer. To keep the clarity of this review, the macrocycles are categorized into the most commonly used supramolecular hosts, including crown ethers, cyclodextrins, cucurbiturils, calixarenes, and pillararenes. This minireview not only summarizes the role that macrocycles play in photocatalytic reactions but also clarifies the photocatalytic mechanisms. Finally, the future research efforts and new pathways to apply macrocycles and supramolecular hybrid materials in photocatalysis are also discussed.
Maltrato físico e inteligencia emocional en niños y niñas de una institución educativa, Huancavelica
Authors: Huamán Albites Margarita Isabel , Nieva-Villegas Lilia María , Gómez-Gonzales Walter Edgar
Published: January 2021

Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el maltrato físico y la inteligencia emocional en niños y niñas de una institución Educativa de Huancavelica. Métodos.Investigación de tipo observacional, correlacional, transversal; se tomó una muestra de 48 niños(as), entre 10 y 13 años; se utilizaron la técnica psicométrica, la entrevista semiestructurada y la escala de Likert. Resultados. El tipo de maltrato físico se evidencian con el uso del jalón de orejas, golpes con correa, golpes con la mano o cachetadas, patadas, golpes con chicote, con palo o con soga, pellizcos y empujones. La madre apareció como la principal agresora, seguido de padres y hermanos. El maltrato fue severo en un 24 %, moderado en un 21 % y leve en un 13 %. Las niñas fueron las menos maltratadas en comparación con los niños. No hubo diferencias significativas por nivel de maltrato respecto al manejo del estrés, de una adecuada a atípica capacidad; respecto al estado de ánimo, las víctimas de maltrato mostraron una baja a deficiente capacidad, siendo en primer lugar el moderado, seguido del severo y, por último, el leve. Conclusión. Existe relación negativa baja o no significativa (rs = -0,156, p > 0,05) entre el maltrato físico y la inteligencia emocional, al encontrarse una inteligencia emocional de adecuada a alta, independiente del nivel de maltrato físico.