bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Influence of Host Star Spectral Type on Ultra-hot Jupiter Atmospheres
Authors: Lothringer Joshua D. , Barman Travis
Published: May 2019

Ultra-hot Jupiters are the most highly irradiated gas giant planets, with equilibrium temperatures from 2000 to over 4000 K. Ultra-hot Jupiters are amenable to characterization due to their high temperatures, inflated radii, and short periods, but their atmospheres are atypical for planets in that the photosphere possesses large concentrations of atoms and ions relative to molecules. Here we evaluate how the atmospheres of these planets respond to irradiation by stars of different spectral type. We find that ultra-hot Jupiters exhibit temperature inversions that are sensitive to the spectral type of the host star. The slope and temperature range across the inversion both increase as the host star effective temperature increases due to enhanced absorption at short wavelengths and low pressures. The steep temperature inversions in ultra-hot Jupiters around hot stars result in increased thermal dissociation and ionization compared to similar planets around cooler stars. The resulting increase in H− opacity leads to a transit spectrum that has muted absorption features. The emission spectrum, however, exhibits a large contrast in brightness temperature, a signature that will be detectable with both secondary eclipse observations and high-dispersion spectroscopy. We also find that the departures from local thermodynamic equilibrium in the stellar atmosphere can affect the degree of heating caused by atomic metals in the planet’s upper atmosphere. Additionally, we further quantify the significance of heating by different opacity sources in ultra-hot Jupiter atmospheres.
A Deep Learning Approach to Galaxy Cluster X-Ray Masses
Authors: Ntampaka M. , ZuHone J. , Eisenstein D. , Nagai D. , Vikhlinin A. , Hernquist L. , Marinacci F. , Nelson D. , Pakmor R. , Pillepich A. , Torrey P. , Vogelsberger M.
Published: May 2019

We present a machine-learning (ML) approach for estimating galaxy cluster masses from Chandra mock images. We utilize a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), a deep ML tool commonly used in image recognition tasks. The CNN is trained and tested on our sample of 7896 Chandra X-ray mock observations, which are based on 329 massive clusters from the

simulation. Our CNN learns from a low resolution spatial distribution of photon counts and does not use spectral information. Despite our simplifying assumption to neglect spectral information, the resulting mass values estimated by the CNN exhibit small bias in comparison to the true masses of the simulated clusters (−0.02 dex) and reproduce the cluster masses with low intrinsic scatter, 8% in our best fold and 12% averaging over all. In contrast, a more standard core-excised luminosity method achieves 15%–18% scatter. We interpret the results with an approach inspired by Google DeepDream and find that the CNN ignores the central regions of clusters, which are known to have high scatter with mass.
OGLE-2018-BLG-0022: First Prediction of an Astrometric Microlensing Signal from a Photometric Microlensing Event
Authors: Han Cheongho , Bond Ian A. , Udalski Andrzej , Gould Andrew , Bozza Valerio , Hirao Yuki , Cassan Arnaud ,   (Leading authors), Albrow Michael D. , Chung Sun-Ju , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Lee Chung-Uk , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yee Jennifer C. , Jung Youn Kil , Kim Doeon , Kim Woong-Tae , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Hyoun-Woo , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Zang Weicheng ,   (The KMTNet Collaboration), Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Donachie Martin , Fukui Akihiko , Itow Yoshitaka , Kawasaki Kohei , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Li Man Cheung Alex , Matsubara Yutaka , Muraki Yasushi , Miyazaki Shota , Nagakane Masayuki , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Suematsu Haruno , Sullivan Denis J. , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tristram Paul J. , Yonehara Atsunori ,   (The MOA Collaboration), Mróz Przemek , Szymański Michał K. , Skowron Jan , Poleski Radek , Soszyński Igor , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Rybicki Krzysztof A. , Iwanek Patryk , Wrona Marcin ,   (The OGLE Collaboration), Beichman Charles A. , Bryden Geoffery , Carey Sean , Gaudi B. Scott , Henderson Calen B. , Novatil Sebastiano Calchi ,   (Spitzer Microlensing Team)
Published: May 2019

In this work, we present the analysis of the binary microlensing event OGLE-2018-BLG-0022 that is detected toward the Galactic bulge field. The dense and continuous coverage with the high-quality photometry data from ground-based observations combined with the space-based Spitzer observations of this long timescale event enables us to uniquely determine the masses M
1 = 0.40 ± 0.05 M
⊙ and M
2 = 0.13 ± 0.01 M
⊙ of the individual lens components. Because the lens-source relative parallax and the vector lens-source relative proper motion are unambiguously determined, we can likewise unambiguously predict the astrometric offset between the light centroid of the magnified images (as observed by the Gaia satellite) and the true position of the source. This prediction can be tested when the individual-epoch Gaia astrometric measurements are released.
Characteristics of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Comoving Frame
Authors: Xue Liang , Zhang Fu-Wen , Zhu Si-Yuan
Published: May 2019

We compile a sample of 93 long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from the Fermi satellite and 131 from Konus-Wind that have measured redshifts and well-determined spectra, and estimate their pseudo-Lorentz factors (Γ0) using the tight L
iso–E
p–Γ0 correlation. The statistical properties and pair correlations of the temporal and spectral parameters are studied in the observer frame, rest frame, and comoving frame, respectively. We find that the distributions of the duration, peak energy, isotropic energy, and luminosity in the different frames are basically log-normal, and that their distributions in the comoving frame are narrow, clustering around

 ∼ 4000 s,

 ∼ 0.7 keV,

 ∼ 8 × 1049 erg, and

 ∼ 2.5 × 1046 erg s−1, where the redshift evolution effect has been taken into account. We also find that the values of Γ0 are broadly distributed between a few tens and several hundreds, with median values of ∼270. We further analyze the pair correlations of all the quantities, confirm the E
iso–E
p, L
iso–E
p, L
iso–Γ0, and E
iso–Γ0 relations, and find that the corresponding relations in the comoving frame do still exist, but with large dispersions. This suggests not only that the well-known spectrum–energy relations are intrinsic correlations, but also that the observed correlations are governed by the Doppler effect. In addition, the peak energies of long GRBs are independent of duration both in the rest frame and in the comoving frame, and there is a weak anticorrelation between the peak energy and Lorentz factor.
FRB 121102 Bursts Show Complex Time–Frequency Structure
Authors: Hessels J. W. T. , Spitler L. G. , Seymour A. D. , Cordes J. M. , Michilli D. , Lynch R. S. , Gourdji K. , Archibald A. M. , Bassa C. G. , Bower G. C. , Chatterjee S. , Connor L. , Crawford F. , Deneva J. S. , Gajjar V. , Kaspi V. M. , Keimpema A. , Law C. J. , Marcote B. , McLaughlin M. A. , Paragi Z. , Petroff E. , Ransom S. M. , Scholz P. , Stappers B. W. , Tendulkar S. P.
Published: May 2019

FRB 121102 is the only known repeating fast radio burst source. Here we analyze a wide-frequency-range (1–8 GHz) sample of high signal-to-noise, coherently dedispersed bursts detected using the Arecibo and Green Bank telescopes. These bursts reveal complex time–frequency structures that include subbursts with finite bandwidths. The frequency-dependent burst structure complicates the determination of a dispersion measure (DM); we argue that it is appropriate to use a DM metric that maximizes frequency-averaged pulse structure, as opposed to peak signal-to-noise, and find DM = 560.57 ± 0.07 pc cm−3 at MJD 57,644. After correcting for dispersive delay, we find that the subbursts have characteristic frequencies that typically drift lower at later times in the total burst envelope. In the 1.1–1.7 GHz band, the ∼0.5–1 ms subbursts have typical bandwidths ranging from 100 to 400 MHz, and a characteristic drift rate of ∼200 MHz ms−1 toward lower frequencies. At higher radio frequencies, the subburst bandwidths and drift rate are larger, on average. While these features could be intrinsic to the burst emission mechanism, they could also be imparted by propagation effects in the medium local to the source. Comparison of the burst DMs with previous values in the literature suggests an increase of ΔDM ∼ 1–3 pc cm−3 in 4 yr; though, this could be a stochastic variation as opposed to a secular trend. This implies changes in the local medium or an additional source of frequency-dependent delay. Overall, the results are consistent with previously proposed scenarios in which FRB 121102 is embedded in a dense nebula.
Two new species of Phylloporus (Fungi, Boletales) from tropical Quercus forests in eastern Mexico
Authors: Montoya Leticia , Garay-Serrano Edith , Bandala Victor M.
Published: May 2019

We present a proposal of two new species ofPhylloporusdiscovered in tropical oak forests from central Veracruz, Mexico. Both species were distinguished based on macro and micro-morphologic features and supported with a molecular phylogenetic analysis, based on sequences of nuc rDNA ITS, D1, D2 and D3 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (LSU), and transcription elongation factor 1-alpha (tef-1α). In the phylogenetic reconstruction inferred, the new species clustered in two different clades related to species from USA, Costa Rica and Panama. The recollection of fructifications in monodominant stands of eitherQuercusoleoidesorQ.sapotifolia, allowed recognizing the distribution of one of thePhylloporusspecies under bothQuercusspecies, and the other underQ.oleoidesonly. Detailed macro and microscopic descriptions accompanied by illustrations, photos and a taxonomic discussion are provided.
Co-développement et changement
Authors: Duterme Claude
Published: May 2019

Du point de vue systémique, le changement peut concourir au maintien de l’équilibre d’un ensemble (homéostasie) comme à la modification de certaines des conditions de cet équilibre. Cela cependant ne se fait pas « en soi » ou dans un mode fermé, mais dans un univers du vivant où les ensembles interconnectés s’influencent mutuellement. La co-évolution mène les « systèmes » à s’influencer mutuellement et à s’adapter aux modifications qui s’ensuivent. Dès lors, la qualité perçue d’un changement voulu ou subi dépend essentiellement du contexte dans lequel il est vécu. L’accompagnement systémique et stratégique du changement visera donc d’abord à déterminer le contexte dans lequel il est souhaité, ainsi que les différentes perceptions de ce contexte, et à les reconnaître officiellement. Dans une dynamique participative où l’ensemble des parties concernées sont conviées à s’impliquer pour minimiser les impacts négatifs, l’intervenant devra stratégiquement s’appliquer à contrer les blocages inhérents à la tendance au statu quo interne (« bloquer les blocages »).
Entre éthique, relation et intersubjectivité : pour une nouvelle approche du changement en entreprise
Authors: Cherfi Marc , García-Rivera Teresa , Nicolas Alexis
Published: May 2019

Dans un contexte de « révolutions » numériques des entreprises, nous assistons comme praticiens du changement, à de nombreuses et fortes ambitions de transformation en profondeur des organisations et de l’action organisée. Cette contribution questionne d’abord le comment du changement. Qu’est-ce qui se joue dans et par ces transformations ? Quelles prémisses président aux stratégies de changement ? Est-ce efficace ? Existe-t-il d’autres voies ? Elle s’inscrit aussi dans un regard critique et réflexif sur notre pratique et une volonté assumée de dé-mécaniser les approches au changement pour ouvrir une troisième voie du changement enfin respectueuse du vivant.
Conduire un diagnostic partagé en contexte inter-organisationnel : enseignements théoriques et pratiques
Authors: Michaux Valéry , Defélix Christian
Published: May 2019

Les diagnostics partagés entre des organisations situées sur un même territoire visent à décloisonner, créer des synergies et développer des solutions inter-organisationnelles pour des objectifs d’intérêt général. Leur usage est courant dans de nombreux domaines : santé, emploi, formation, reclassement, innovation, gestion territoriale des ressources humaines... Pourtant, la littérature académique est quasi-muette dès lors que l’on cherche à comprendre les facteurs de succès et d’échec de ce type de démarches participatives rendues complexes par le nombre d’organisations différentes concernées. En mobilisant des grilles d’analyse issues du management des organisations, cet article propose un double balisage théorique et empirique qui permet de mieux définir ces démarches, d’en déconstruire les ingrédients et d’en comprendre les déterminants. Il attire l’attention également des praticiens sur quelques points de vigilance.
Le conte-transfert en clinique transculturelle
Authors: Julié Albertine , Rizzi Alice Titia , Di Charles
Published: May 2019

Cet article raconte comment, de la rencontre avec un garçon né en France et d’origine mauritanienne, la clinicienne, face à l’incompréhension et à l’incohérence, a mis en récit les images qui ont émergé dans sa pensée. De ces images, une histoire s’ébauche qui vient révéler les projections, les identifications de la clinicienne au patient, et surtout son contre-transfert culturel. Le conte-transfert en clinique transculturelle invite ici les thérapeutes à écrire ensemble pour, que si « se chevauche l’aire du patient et celle du thérapeute » l’écriture puisse rendre à chacun sa part d’indicible.
Analyse des facteurs influençant l’émergence des pratiques de télémédecine : le cas des Maisons de Santé en France
Authors: Habib Johanna , Yatim Fatima , Sebai Jihane
Published: May 2019

En réponse à un contexte à la fois complexe et fragile marqué par une volonté d’amélioration de la qualité des soins et de maîtrise des dépenses de santé, les SI sont appréhendés comme l’un des socles essentiels de la refonte organisationnelle actuelle du système de santé. Plus particulièrement, la télémédecine apparaît comme une innovation organisationnelle indispensable pour pallier les faiblesses du système et assurer l’accessibilité à tous à des soins de qualité. Considéré comme un maillon du processus de soin, le développement de la télémédecine semble exiger un changement organisationnel et culturel important pour les structures de soins et leurs patients. Partant de ce contexte, notre recherche propose d’étudier les facteurs de nature technologique, organisationnelle et externe susceptibles de favoriser l’émergence des pratiques de télémédecine dans les maisons de santé en France. Pour cela, nous combinons dans une approche exploratoire deux sources de données. La première source de données, de nature secondaire et déclarative, mobilise le bilan établi à la fin de l’année 2014 par l’Observatoire des recompositions de l’offre de soins de la Direction Générale de l’Offre de Soins (DGOS) concernant les maisons de santé recensées depuis 2008 sur le territoire français. Pour approfondir cette première analyse, une seconde source de données de nature qualitative a été mobilisée. Celle-ci repose sur vingt-deux entretiens auprès d’acteurs impliqués dans la mise en place de dispositifs de télémédecine au sein de ces maisons de santé. Les résultats de cette recherche révèlent que l’émergence des pratiques de la télémédecine semble influencée par une logique de besoins de coordination externe sur le territoire de soins davantage que par une logique de croissance interne ou de maturité structurelle ou technologique. Sur ce dernier point, celui de la maturité technologique, nous observons au contraire un développement concomitant des projets de SI intégré et de télémédecine. Fort de ce résultat, la principale contribution théorique de cette recherche est de discuter le lien entre intégration interne et externe au sein des trajectoires d’informatisation.
Le réseau social de la communauté francophone des chercheurs en Systèmes d’Information
Authors: Vitari Claudio , Pillet Jean-Charles
Published: May 2019

À mesure que la communauté de recherche française en systèmes d’information s’agrandit, le besoin d’en comprendre les spécificités se fait de plus en plus pressant. Cet article s’attache à mettre en évidence la structure du réseau social qui sous-tend la communauté française de recherche en système d’information. Elle s’appuie sur l’analyse des réseaux de co-écritures dans la revue Systèmes d’Information et Management (SIM) et les communications au colloque de l’Association Information et Management (AIM). Cette étude du réseau social, qui manquait à la compréhension des particularismes de la communauté francophone, répond à trois questions : quelle est la structure du réseau social des co-écritures ? Qui sont les acteurs centraux ? Comment le parcours professionnel des chercheurs impacte-t-il leur niveau de centralité ? L’objet de cette étude est de contribuer à la discussion sur les spécificités de la communauté française des SI en vue de renforcer son identité collective. Elle est aussi un moyen pour chacun de ses acteurs de s’interroger sur ses pratiques de co-écritures et sur son rôle dans le réseau social de recherche.
Maternal Observations of Ocular Alignment in Infants
Authors: Horwood Anna M
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT

Seventy-five infants of state-registered orthoptists were observed by their mothers from birth to at least 6 months of age, with particular attention paid to the nature of any deviations noticed in the first few weeks. Most of the infants showed brief periods of inaccurate vergence during the first 2 months, with a wide variation in the amount of deviation seen, despite going on to develop normal binocular single vision. Most deviations were transient, unilateral, alternating esodeviations. There was a statistically significant relationship between the time that deviations were noticed and the development of demonstrable binocular convergence. Few exodeviations were found, contrasting with previous studies, and it is suggested that neonates are more likely to achieve binocular single vision when interacting with their mothers.
Heads-up Cataract Surgery: Complication Rates, Surgical Duration, and Comparison With Traditional Microscopes
Authors: Weinstock Robert J. , Diakonis Vasilios F. , Schwartz Adam J. , Weinstock Alexander J.
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE:

To compare the complication rates and surgical duration between a three-dimensional visualization system (heads-up surgery) and traditional binocular microscope in cataract surgery.

METHODS:

This retrospective case series included 2,320 eyes that received cataract surgery using either a three-dimensional display system (n = 1,673 eyes) (3D group) or a traditional binocular microscope (n = 647 eyes) (traditional group). The medical records of consecutive patients who underwent cataract surgery by a single surgeon in The Eye Institute of West Florida from August 2016 to July 2017 using either a three-dimensional display system or the traditional binocular microscope for visualization were reviewed. Patients in both groups received either femto-second laser–assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) or traditional phacoemulsification. Complication rate (posterior capsular rapture and vitreous prolapse) and duration of cataract surgery were evaluated.

RESULTS:

The 3D group had 12 (0.72%) complications and the traditional group had 5 (0.77%) complications (
P
> .05). Mean surgical time was 6.48 ± 1.15 minutes for the 3D group and 6.52 ± 1.38 minutes for the traditional group (
P
> .05). There was no statistically significant difference in complication rate and duration of surgery between the two groups (
P
> .05).

CONCLUSIONS:

The implementation of heads-up three-dimensional visualization for cataract surgery seems to offer similar safety and efficiency as the traditional binocular microscope.

[
J Refract Surg.
2019;35(5):318–322.]
SMILE With Low Energy Levels: Assessment of Early Visual and Optical Quality Recovery
Authors: Donate David , Thaëron Rozenn
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE:

To assess early visual and optical quality recovery according to preoperative refraction after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) at low energy level for myopia and myopic astigmatism treatment.

METHODS:

This prospective study included 101 eyes of 101 patients separated into three groups: low myopia (30 eyes), with a mean spherical equivalent (SE) of −2.13 ± 0.73 diopters (D); moderate myopia (33 eyes), with a mean SE of −4.53 ± 0.86 D; and high myopia (38 eyes), with a mean SE of −6.54 ± 0.78 D. Visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, refraction, corneal higher order aberrations, modulation transfer function, Strehl ratio, and Objective Scatter Index (OSI) were measured.

RESULTS:

All eyes had a corrected distance visual acuity of 20/20 or better at 1 day in the low myopia group and 1 month in the moderate and high myopia groups. The contrast sensitivity preoperative values recovered at 8 days in the low myopia group and 1 month in the moderate and high myopia groups. At 1 month, the low myopia group recovered the OSI preoperative values (0.61 to 0.69) and the OSI values were slightly higher than the preoperative value in the moderate and high myopia groups (0.74 to 1.00 and 0.8 to 1.14, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

The recovery time of visual and optical quality in the first month after SMILE correlated with preoperative refraction and the amount of postoperative scattering. Patients with low myopia recovered visual acuity faster and with less ocular scattering than patients with moderate or high myopia.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2019;35(5):285–293.]
Surface Ablation Versus CIRCLE for Myopic Enhancement After SMILE: A Matched Comparative Study
Authors: Siedlecki Jakob , Siedlecki Martin , Luft Nikolaus , Kook Daniel , Meyer Bertram , Bechmann Martin , Wiltfang Rainer , Sekundo Walter , Priglinger Siegfried G. , Dirisamer Martin
Published: May 2019

PURPOSE:

To compare the outcomes of enhancement after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) using surface ablation versus the VisuMax CIRCLE option (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany), which converts the SMILE cap into a femtosecond laser–assisted laser in situ keratomileusis flap.

METHODS:

The databases of the SMILE Eyes centers in Munich, Marburg, and Cologne, Germany, and Linz, Austria, were screened for eyes that had undergone enhancement using surface ablation with mitomycin C or CIRCLE. Eyes from both enhancement methods suitable for a retrospective matched analysis were identified based on pre-SMILE and pre-enhancement mean refractive spherical equivalent (MRSE), astigmatism, age, and corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuity (CDVA/UDVA). Refractive and functional outcomes were compared after a follow-up of 3 months.

RESULTS:

After the application of the matching criteria on 2,803 SMILE procedures, 24 eyes (12 in each group) with a follow-up of 3 months or longer were available for analysis. Enhancement was performed after a mean 9.7 ± 7.2 (surface ablation) and 11.0 ± 4.4 (CIRCLE) months for a residual MRSE of −0.91 ± 0.55 (surface ablation) and −0.90 ± 0.61 (CIRCLE) diopters. At 3 months, residual MRSE showed comparable accuracy with −0.07 ± 0.19 (surface ablation) and 0.04 ± 0.22 (CIRCLE) diopters (
P
= .18). UDVA improvement was similar to a final value of 0.02 ± 0.10 (surface ablation) versus 0.03 ± 0.07 (CIRCLE) logMAR (
P
= .78). Only one eye in the surface ablation group and no eye in the CIRCLE group lost one line of CDVA. At 3 months, the safety (surface ablation: 1.00, CIRCLE: 1.06;
P
= .36) and efficacy (surface ablation: 0.95, CIRCLE: 1.03;
P
= .36) indices were equivalent. In terms of speed of visual recovery, at week 1 UDVA and CDVA were significantly better after CIRCLE than surface ablation (
P
= .008 and .002, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:

In this first study directly comparing surface ablation versus CIRCLE enhancement after SMILE, both methods yielded comparable results at 3 months. However, CIRCLE re-treated eyes showed a markedly increased speed of recovery concerning UDVA and CDVA compared to surface ablation.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2019;35(5):294–300.]
Chemical, Geomechanical and Geomorphological Aspects of Karst in Sandstone and Marl of Flyschformations in Northeast Italy
Authors: Mochiutti Andrea , Maddaleni Paolo
Published: May 2019

V prispevku so opisane kemijske, geomehanske in geomorfološke značilnosti nekaj jam v flišnih sedimentih v Julijskem predgorju Furlanije, severovzhodna Italija. Geomphology, geomechanical and geochemical features of some caves in flysch sediments in Prealpi Giulie, Friuli, North east Italy are described.
Gypsum Karst in the CrotoneProvince (Calabria, Southern Italy)
Authors: Parise Mario , Trocino Antonio
Published: May 2019

Področje Kalabrije v južni Italiji predstavlja izreden primer krasa v sadri, ki vključuje tudi evaporitne kamnine triasne do miocenske starosti. Triasni evaporiti se pojavljajo v sekvenci debeli okrog sto metrov na področju obmorskega hrbta na zahodni obali Kalabrije. Na drugi strani pa evaporiti mesinske starosti obširno izdanjajo na vzhodu, v krotonskem bazenu. Pričujoči prispevek opisuje glavne značilnosti krasa v sadri (od površinske kraške morfologije do razvoja jam) na vzhodnem predelu Kalabrije. Krotonski bazen je med najbolj zanimivimi področji evaporitnega krasa v Italiji: tam najdemo različne površinske kraške oblike kot so vrtače, slepe doline, zaprte depresije, globoke in ozke soteske, kjer zasledimo intenzivna pobočna gibanja. Številni vhodi jam so na dnu vrtač. Jama Grave Grubbo, dolga prek 2.500 m, je ena daljših jam v Italiji v evaporitih. Na raziskovanem področju je prišlo do številnih sprememb, še posebno zaradi kmetijske dejavnosti in zaradi nezadostne pozornosti lokalnih oblasti do te izjemne pokrajine. Posebna vrednost krasa v sadri v Kalabriji še ni v celoti ovrednotena. Prišlo je namreč do onesnaženja številnih jam in posledično do znižanja kakovosti vode, ki teče v kras. The Calabria region of southern Italy presents remarkable examples of gypsum karst, involving evaporite rocks ranging in age from Trias to Miocene. Triassic evaporites are limited to a sequence of about one hundred meters of thickness in the Coastal Chain, on the western Calabrian coast. Messinian evaporites, on the other hand, extensively crop out to the east, in the Crotone Basin. The present contribution intends to describe the main features of gypsum karst in the latter area, from the surface karst morphology to the development of caves. The Crotone Basin is among the most interesting areas as regards evaporite karst in Italy: a variety of surface karst landforms is there present, including dolines, blind valleys, closed depressions, and deep and narrow canyons intensely affected by slope movements. Many caves are located at the bottom of the dolines, as Grave Grubbo which, with a length over 2,500 meters, is one of the longest Italian caves in evaporites. The study area has experienced several transformations, mostly due to agricultural activity and to scarce attention paid by local administrators toward this unique naturalistic landscape. The high value of Calabrian gypsum karst is thus not fully exploited, and several cases of degradation of the caves have been registered, even with consequences for the quality of water flowing in the karst systems.
Basic Morphological and Morphostructural Characteristics of the Rakitnica Canyon (Dinaric Karst, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Authors: Lepirica Alen
Published: May 2019

Kanjonska dolina reke Rakitnice je ena izmed najglobljih in najdaljših na Dinarskem krasu. Prispevek obravnava osnovne morfološke in morfostrukturne značilnosti kanjonske doline in njeno geomorfološko regionalizacijo. Poudarjena je zlasti močna povezava med litologijo, tektoniko in reliefom, saj so znatno vlogo pri razvoju te reliefne oblike odigrali zlasti neotektonski procesi v kvartarju.   The canyon valley of the Rakitnica river is one of the deepest and longest in the Dinaric karst. The paper states the basic morphological and morphostructural characteristics of the canyon, and gives its geomorphological regionalization. High level of correlation between lithology, tectonics and relief of the researched area has been determined. Genesis and development of this relief form have been considerably guided by neotectonic processes during the Quaternary.
Knowledge and Belief Toward Heat Safety and Hydration Strategies Among Runners: A Preliminary Evaluation
Authors: Hosokawa Yuri , Johnson Elizabeth N. , Jardine John F. , Stearns Rebecca L. , Casa Douglas J.
Published: May 2019

Context

Little is known about how educating runners may correct common misconceptions surrounding heat safety and hydration strategies.

Objective

To investigate (1) beliefs and knowledge about heat safety and hydration strategies among recreational runners and (2) the effectiveness of an educational video in optimizing performance in the heat.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

Survey.

Patients or Other Participants

A total of 2091 (25.1%) of 8319 runners registered for the 2017 Falmouth Road Race completed at least 1 of the 3 administered surveys.

Intervention(s)

A 5.3-minute video and an 11-question survey regarding heat safety and hydration strategies were developed, validated, and implemented. The survey was e-mailed to registrants 9 weeks before the race (PRERACE), after they viewed the video (POSTEDU), and the afternoon of the race (POSTRACE).

Main Outcome Measure(s)

The total score for responses to 2 multiple choice questions and nine 5-point (response range = strongly agree to strongly disagree) Likert-scale questions.

Results

The PRERACE results showed that more than 90% of respondents recognized the importance of staying hydrated beginning the day before the planned activity, correctly identified that dark color urine is not a sign of euhydration, and believed that dehydration may increase the risk for heat syncope. Conversely, fewer than 50% of respondents knew the number of days required to achieve heat acclimatization, the role of sweat-rate calculation in optimizing one's hydration strategy, or the risk of water intoxication from drinking too much water. An improvement in survey score from PRERACE to POSTEDU was observed (mean difference = 2.00; 95% confidence interval = 1.68, 2.33; P < .001) among runners who watched the video, and 73% of the improvement in their scores was retained from POSTEDU to POSTRACE (mean difference = −0.54; 95% confidence interval = −0.86, −0.21; P < .001).

Conclusions

The video successfully shifted runners' beliefs and knowledge to enable them to better optimize their performance in the heat.
Health system challenges affecting HIV and tuberculosis integration at primary healthcare clinics in Durban, South Africa
Authors: Kalonji Dishiki , Mahomed Ozayr H.
Published: May 2019

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is the most common presenting illness among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with co-infection occurring in up to 60% of cases in South Africa. In line with international guidelines, South Africa has adopted an integrated model at primary healthcare level to provide HIV and TB services by the same healthcare provider at the same visit.Aim: The aim of the study was to conduct a rapid appraisal of integration of HIV and TB services at primary healthcare level in eThekwini District in 2015.Setting: The study was conducted in 10 provincial primary healthcare clinics in the eThekwini Metropolitan Health District in KwaZulu-Natal Province.Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted. Key informant interviews with operational managers and community health workers were conducted, as well as a review of registers and electronic databases for the period of January to March 2015.Results: Two clinics complied with the mandated integrated model. Three clinics were partially integrated; while five clinics maintained the stand-alone model. Possible constraints included reorganisation of on-site location of services, drug provision, TB infection control and inadequate capacity building, while potential enablers comprised structural infrastructure, staffing ratios and stakeholder engagement.Conclusion: HIV and TB integration is suboptimal and will need to be improved by addressing the systemic challenges affecting health service delivery, including strengthening supervision, training and the implementation of a change management programme.
Urinary incontinence in female patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Papadopoulos M. , Muller I. , Cullen S.
Published: May 2019

Background: Urinary incontinence has been experienced as a problem since 1500 BC. In the twentieth century it is still a major problem that remains a source of distress for many sufferers. A lack of literature regarding the prevalence  of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) amongst chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients lead to this studyObjective: To determine the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence in female COPD patients between the ages of 30 and 70 years.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 67 female COPD patients (aged 30-70 years) who were interviewed during a three month period. A structured COPD / incontinence questionnaire was used to obtain data. Statistical analysis of results included Fisher’s exact test and two-tailed t-tests. A p-value of < 0,05 was considered to be statistical significant.Results: The prevalence of SUI in female COPD patients was estimated as 82,1%. Smoking history was the only variable with a significant positive correlation regarding the patients presenting with SUI (p < 0,05). The proportion of smokers in the subjects presenting with SUI (SUI group - 29/55) is significantly higher than the subjects with no symptoms of SUI (normal group - 2/12).Discussion and Conclusion: The outcome of this study revealed a high prevalence of SUI in female COPD patients. Cigarette smoking, as the major contributing factor, revealed a strong statistical correlation between COPD and SUI.
Barriers to and expectations of performing physical activity in female subjects with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Van Rooijen A. J. , Rheeder P. , Eales C. J. , Molatoli H. M.
Published: May 2019

The aims of the study were to establish in a cohort of female patients with Type Diabetes the knowledge and perceptions of exercise, personal and environmental barriers to doing exercise and the outcome expectations of performing physical activity.The sample consisted of 28 patients between the ages of 48 and 70 (mean = 60.2, SD = 6.6) years and 11 ethnic groups, attending the Mamelodi Hospital Diabetic Outpatient Clinic. The duration of the disease ranged from 1 to 22 years and 82% of the patients were using oral hypoglycaemic agents. Demographic and qualitative data were captured by means of focus group interviews. Demographic data were summarized with descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed by means of well described principles of qualitative data analyses. A percent agreement was performed, and data were re-coded until the inter-rater reliability was 85%. All 28 subjects reported that they saw doing household chores and walking as ways of exercising. Sixty one percent of the subjects indicated relief from arthritis as a benefit of exercise. The main environmental barrier was the absence of a convenient venue (61%). Tiredness (36%) and arthritis (36%) were the main personal barriers to doing exercise. All subjects indicated a better quality of life and improvement of functional capabilities as outcome expectations of taking part in an exercise program. Subjects had positive attitudes towards exercise, wanted to have control in the program and also expressed the need for social support.
An analysis of the completion of physiotherapy clinical records in Gauteng Province.
Authors: M'kumbuzi V. R. P. , Eales C. J. , Stewart A.
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this study was to rate the completion of physiotherapy assessment, treatment and progress records in the Gauteng province of South Africa. There is a dearth of literature on physiotherapy patient records, yet it has been demonstrated that clinical records have significant implications for quality of care, resource allocation, research and for professional litigation.A combined retrospective and prospective research design, using a quality assurance instrument was used to rate the completeness of physiotherapy records obtained from multiple study sites. Breakdown in clinical recording in the following areas is described:areas of care (private and public sectors),patient conditions (e.g. orthopaedic and surgical)patient categories (in and out patients),section of the record (e.g. demographics, physical examination), andproviders of care (physiotherapists, physiotherapy assistants and physiotherapy students).The 644 records analyzed scored a mean overall completion rate of 64%. There was a significant difference observed in overall record completion (p = 0.0004) between private and public sector providers. Significant differences were also observed for each section of the record. Factors most associated with a high degree of completion of physiotherapy patient records included; private sector physiotherapy services, use of pre-formatted assessment charts and clinicians’ participation in relevant continuing education.Physiotherapy patient records in Gauteng were found to be incomplete. The implications of this finding in an increasingly competitive global, national, corporate and domestic healthcare arena include; physiotherapy service quality, professional litigation, resource allocation and policy development, as well as professional growth, development and satisfaction with ones’ career. Recommendations on how the physiotherapy profession can improve clinical recording from an educational, clinical and managerial perspective are suggested.
Local properties of the random Delaunay triangulation model and topological models of 2D gravity
Authors: Charbonnier Séverin , David François , Eynard Bertrand
Published: May 2019

Delaunay triangulations provide a bijection between a set of

N+3

points in generic position in the complex plane, and the set of triangulations with given circumcircle intersection angles. The uniform Lebesgue measure on these angles translates into a Kähler measure for Delaunay triangulations, or equivalently on the moduli space

\mathcal M_{0,N+3}

of genus zero Riemann surfaces with

N+3

marked points. We study the properties of this measure. First we relate it to the topological Weil–Petersson symplectic form on the moduli space

\mathcal M_{0,N+3}

. Then we show that this measure, properly extended to the space of all triangulations on the plane, has maximality properties for Delaunay triangulations. Finally we show, using new local inequalities on the measures, that the volume

\mathcal{V}_N

on triangulations with

N+3

points is monotonically increasing when a point is added,

N\to N+1

. We expect that this can be a step towards seeing that the large

N

limit of random triangulations can tend to the Liouville conformal field theory.
Fourier–Stieltjes transforms over homogeneous spaces of compact groups
Authors: Ghaani Farashahi Arash
Published: May 2019

This paper presents a unified operator theory approach to the abstract notion of Fourier–Stieltjes transforms for Banach measure algebras over homogeneous spaces of compact groups. Let

H

be a closed subgroup of the compact group

G

and

G/H

be the left coset space associated to the subgroup

H

in

G

. Also, let

M(G/H)

be the Banach measure space consists of all (bounded) complex Radon measures over the compact homogeneous space

G/H

. We then study theoretical aspects of operator-valued Fourier–Stieltjes transform for the Banach measure algebras

M(G/H)

. We shall also present a uniqueness theorem for the abstract Fourier–Stieltjes transforms.
On pointwise periodicity in tilings, cellular automata, and subshifts
Authors: Meyerovitch Tom , Salo Ville
Published: May 2019

We study implications of expansiveness and pointwise periodicity for certain groups and semigroups of transformations. Among other things we prove that every pointwise periodic finitely generated group of cellular automata is necessarily finite. We also prove that a subshift over any finitely generated group that consists of finite orbits is finite, and related results for tilings of Euclidean space.
Negative curvature in graphical small cancellation groups
Authors: Arzhantseva Goulnara N. , Cashen Christopher H. , Gruber Dominik , Hume David
Published: May 2019

We use the interplay between combinatorial and coarse geometric versions of negative curvature to investigate the geometry of infinitely presented graphical

\mathrm {Gr}'(1/6)

small cancellation groups. In particular, we characterize their ‘contracting geodesics,’ which should be thought of as the geodesics that behave hyperbolically.

We show that every degree of contraction can be achieved by a geodesic in a finitely generated group. We construct the first example of a finitely generated group

G

containing an element

g

that is strongly contracting with respect to one finite generating set of

G

and not strongly contracting with respect to another. In the case of classical

C'(1/6)

small cancellation groups we give complete characterizations of geodesics that are Morse and that are strongly contracting.

We show that many graphical

\mathrm {Gr}'(1/6)

small cancellation groups contain strongly contracting elements and, in particular, are growth tight. We construct uncountably many quasi-isometry classes of finitely generated, torsion-free groups in which every maximal cyclic subgroup is hyperbolically embedded. These are the first examples of this kind that are not subgroups of hyperbolic groups.

In the course of our analysis we show that if the defining graph of a graphical

\mathrm {Gr}'(1/6)

small cancellation group has finite components, then the elements of the group have translation lengths that are rational and bounded away from zero.
Acylindrical actions on trees and the Farrell–Jones conjecture
Authors: Knopf Svenja
Published: May 2019

We show that for groups acting acylindrically on simplicial trees the

K

- and

L

-theoretic Farrell–Jones conjecture relative to the family of subgroups consisting of virtually cyclic subgroups and all subconjugates of vertex stabilisers holds. As an application, for amalgamated free products acting acylindrically on their Bass-Serre trees we obtain an identification of the associatedWaldhausen Nil-groups with a direct sum of Nil-groups associated to certain virtually cyclic groups. This identification generalises a result by Lafont and Ortiz. For a regular ring and a strictly acylindrical action these Nil-groups vanish. In particular, all our results apply to amalgamated free products over malnormal subgroups.
On the finiteness of the classifying space for the family of virtually cyclic subgroups
Authors: von Puttkamer Timm , Wu Xiaolei
Published: May 2019

Given a group

G

, we consider its classifying space for the family of virtually cyclic subgroups. We show for many groups, including for example, one-relator groups, acylindrically hyperbolic groups, 3-manifold groups and CAT(0) cube groups, that they do not admit a finite model for this classifying space unless they are virtually cyclic. This settles a conjecture due to Juan-Pineda and Leary for these classes of groups.
Small asymptotic translation lengths of pseudo-Anosov maps on the curve complex
Authors: Kin Eiko , Shin Hyunshik
Published: May 2019

Let

M

be a hyperbolic fibered 3-manifold whose first Betti number is greater than 1 and let

S

be a fiber with pseudo-Anosov monodromy

\psi

. We show that there exists a sequence

(R_n, \psi_n)

of fibers and monodromies contained in the fibered cone of

(S,\psi)

such that the asymptotic translation length of

\psi_n

on the curve complex

\mathcal C(R_n)

behaves asymptotically like 1=j .Rn/j2. As applications, we can reprove the previous result by Gadre–Tsai that the minimal asymptotic translation length of a closed surface of genus g asymptotically behaves like

1/|\chi(R_n)|^2

. We also show that this holds for the cases of hyperelliptic mapping class group and hyperelliptic handlebody group.
Higher dimensional divergence for mapping class groups
Authors: Behrstock Jason , Druţu Cornelia
Published: May 2019

In this paper we investigate the higher dimensional divergence functions of mapping class groups of surfaces. We show that these functions exhibit phase transitions at the quasi-flat rank (as measured by

3 ·

genus + number of punctures

−3

).
Exotic limit sets of Teichmüller geodesics in the HHS boundary
Authors: Mousley Sarah C.
Published: May 2019

We answer a question of Durham, Hagen, and Sisto, proving that a Teichmüller geodesic ray does not necessarily converge to a unique point in the hierarchically hyperbolic space boundary of Teichmüller space. In fact, we prove that the limit set can be almost anything allowed by the topology.
Grothendieck rigidity of 3-manifold groups
Authors: Boileau Michel , Friedl Stefan
Published: May 2019

We show that fundamental groups of compact, orientable, irreducible 3-manifolds with toroidal boundary are Grothendieck rigid.
Semiorthogonal decompositions of the categories of equivariant coherent sheaves for some reflection groups
Authors: Polishchuk Alexander , Van den Bergh Michel
Published: May 2019

We consider the derived category

D^b_G(V)

of coherent sheaves on a complex vector space

V

equivariant with respect to an action of a finite reflection group

G

. In some cases, including Weyl groups of type

A

,

B

,

G_2

,

F_4

, as well as the groups

G(m,1,n)=(\mu_m)^n\rtimes S_n

, we construct a semiorthogonal decomposition of this category, indexed by the conjugacy classes of

G

. The pieces of this decompositions are equivalent to the derived categories of coherent sheaves on the quotient-spaces

V^g/C(g)

, where

C(g)

is the centralizer subgroup of

g\in G

. In the case of the Weyl groups the construction uses some key results about the Springer correspondence, due to Lusztig, along with some formality statement generalizing a result of Deligne [23]. We also construct global analogs of some of these semiorthogonal decompositions involving derived categories of equivariant coherent sheaves on

C^n

, where

C

is a smooth curve.
Nonlinear Calderón–Zygmund theory involving dual data
Authors: Lee Mikyoung , Ok Jihoon
Published: May 2019

We consider elliptic equations of the

p

-Laplace type with dual data. We obtain interior and boundary gradient estimates for their weak solutions under sharp conditions on the dual data, coefficients and boundaries of their domains.
Case Report: Trypanosoma brucei Gambiense Human African Trypanosomiasis as the Cause of Fever in an Inpatient with Multiple Myeloma and HIV-1 Coinfection
Authors: Boodman Carl , Libman Michael , Ndao Momar , Yansouni Cedric P.
Published: May 2019

We report the case of a 64-year-old woman found to have urban-acquired Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) as the cause of sustained fever starting 9 months after returning to Canada from Democratic Republic of the Congo, in the context of concomitant multiple myeloma and HIV-1 coinfection. Approaches for the management of both clinical stages of T.b. gambiense HAT are well defined for endemic settings using current diagnostics and treatments. However, few data inform the diagnosis and management of patients with bone marrow suppression from active malignancy, recent anticancer therapy, or HIV coinfection. We discuss the implications of immunosuppression for diagnosis and management of T.b. gambiense HAT.