bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Derechos fundamentales: indeterminación conceptual, plasmación jurídica e interpretación
Authors: Camus García Estela
Published: January 2019

Este trabajo presenta una reflexión en torno al papel del Legislador y su competencia para la decisión. Fundamentalmente, propongo un debate sobre las posibles colisiones entre conceptos a partir de los que replantear las relaciones entre órganos constitucionales, la teoría de la Constitución, la teoría del Estado y la teoría de la democracia. En estas tensiones pueden vislumbrarse matices diferenciados entre dos estadios: el de la creación del Derecho y el de la aplicación del mismo.Recibido: 30 octubre 2018Aceptado: 21 noviembre 2018Publicación en línea: 27 diciembre 2018
Rasgos federales, justicia constitucional y búsqueda de un ‘Common Law’ europeo
Authors: Andreoli Enrico
Published: January 2019

El trabajo interpretativo de los tribunales de las cumbres europea y americana –el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, por un lado, y el Tribunal Supremo, por otro– parece ser el punto de partida de un análisis que, a partir de algunas de las categorías de federalismo, parte de la geografía jurídica y conduce a la mejora de la identidad constitucional. En primer lugar, se tendrán en cuenta las características «federales» de la arquitectura jurídica europea, así como sus posibles similitudes con el federalismo estadounidense. Para ello, será útil comparar los mecanismos operativos concretos del «federalismo judicial» en ambos sistemas jurídicos. Por último, a través de un marco «federal» preciso de diálogo multinivel entre los Tribunales en el sistema jurídico europeo, se potenciará la posible aparición de una identidad constitucional común, así como de un «common law» continental.Recibido: 30 octubre 2018Aceptado: 21 noviembre 2018Publicación en línea: 27 diciembre 2018
A review on cocoa plant diseases and importance of Bacilus subtilis to induce resistance on crops in agriculture
Authors: Hervé, Koua Saman , Aimée Mireille Alloue-Boraud Wazé , Marie-David Coulibaly N’golo Antoine
Published: January 2019

Fungal and viral infections represent a major cause of cocoa disease in agriculture. Plant protection through biological control is an alternative strategy in agriculture to control pests. Recognition of certain non-pathogenic rhizobacteria
by plants can trigger a systemic resistance reaction that renders the host less susceptible to subsequent infection by a virulent agent. The impact of cocoa diseases as black pod, Cocoa Shollen Shoot Virus (CSSV), witches’ broom, and frosty pod rot,
has increased dramatically in the world.This paper review emphasizes cocoa disease and utilisation of Bacillus subtilis as biocontrol agent against fungal and virus from cocoa disease in Côte d’Ivoire.
Chelated minerals and its effect on animal production: A review
Authors: Panda Niranjan , Gayathri S.L.
Published: January 2019

The upcoming Livestock economy demands more effective production in every aspects for which feeding plays a major role. High yielding livestock requires quality feed and hence the bioavailability of minerals forms an essential component in the production system. In this context, chelated minerals can be a better solution compared to other feeding inventions. The purpose of using organic chelates is to increase the bioavailability of minerals by increasing their absorption and avoiding any interference with other minerals. Chelates remain stable in the rumen and get absorbed intact post-ruminally in the intestine by the process different from that of inorganic minerals. The chelated minerals accomplishing plasma are intact while the detachment takes place at the site of utilization. Not only among the ruminants but also in non – ruminants such as poultry and swine, chelated minerals has got similar effects. Thus, in this review, the effect of chelated minerals in the different production, reproduction as well as health status of animals is discussed.
Remote sensing and its use in detection and monitoring plant diseases: A review
Authors: Gogoi N.K. , Deka B. , Bora L.C.
Published: January 2019

Remote sensing is a rapid, non-invasive and efficient technique which can acquire and analyze spectral properties of earth surfaces from various distances, ranging from satellites to ground-based platforms. This modern technology holds promise in agricultural crop production including crop protection. Variability in the reflectance spectra of plants resulting from occurrence of disease and pests, allows their identification using remote sensing data. Various spectroscopic and imaging techniques like visible, infrared, multiband and fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence imaging, multispectral and hyperspectral imaging, thermography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy etc. have been studied for the detection of plant diseases. Several of these techniques have great potential in phytopathometry. Remote sensing technologies will be extremely helpful to greatly spatialize diagnostic results and thereby rendering agriculture more sustainable and safe, avoiding expensive use of pesticides in crop protection.
Appraisal of various physico-chemical characteristic and detection of synthetic color in saffron (Crocus sativus)
Authors: Patel K.J. , Boghra V.R.
Published: January 2019

The saffron contained on an average 12.88 per cent moisture and volatile matter, 119.77 (E) coloring strength, 55.85 per cent (on dry matter basis) aqueous extract, 6.56 per cent floral waste, 2.47 per cent (on dry basis) nitrogen, 4.57 per cent total ash and 0.57 per cent acid insoluble ash, 4.63 per cent crude fibre and 4.83 per cent total oil content respectively. None of the sample of saffron exceeded the extraneous matter content of 1 per cent (maximum limit under PFA), so far analyzed. The extracted material from pure saffron in 80 per cent ethanol was subjected to thin layer chromatography resolved in 3 major distinct and 3 minor yellow orange spots. While adulterated samples gave more than 6 spots with different colors.
Total phenolic content (TPC) and quality of herbal lassi fortified with Turmeric (Curcuma longa) extract
Authors: Maji Soma , Ray Pinaki R. , Ghatak Pijush K. , Chakraborty Chaitali
Published: January 2019

Lassi, a popular curd based traditional fermented milk beverage of India. Lassi was prepared from standardized cow milk curd using 1% commercial yoghurt culture containing Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Maximum concentration of herbal extract added during processing of herbal lassi was optimized with Turmeric (Curcuma longa) @ 1% (v/v) in lassi on the basis of sensory evaluation. Total phenolic content (TPC) of turmeric extract based herbal lassi was also evaluated. TPC of the turmeric based herbal lassi was measured as Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE) using a double beam UV- visible spectrophotometer at 765 nm. The TPC of the turmeric extract fortified lassi was found to be 0.226±0.001mg of GAE/g and differed significantly (P less than 0.05) with the control lassi (without any herbal extract) which showed a TPC of 0.124±.001 mg of GAE/g. Turmeric lassi was found having high phenolic content with good sensory property and found acceptable up to 9 days when stored at 7±2 0C in a glass bottle.
Effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) in changing climatic condition of Bihar
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Singh R.N. , Kumar Shailesh , Kumar Pankaj , Culbreath Albert K. , Varshney Rajeev K. , Guo Baozhu
Published: January 2019

A field experimental was conducted at Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Khodawandpur as well as Gadhpura and Barauni blocks of Begusarai district to study the effect of integrated nutrient management for sustaining the productivity of pigeon pea
[Canjanus cajan (L) mill sp.] under rainfed conditions. Growth and yield attributing characters viz., plant height, yield induced such as days to 50% flowering , branches/plant, leaf area, pods/plant, pod length, number of grains/pod, 100 seed
weight, grain and stalk yield and benefit-cost ratio were significantly higher at recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) than organic manure and bio fertilizer. Application of RDF with vermi compost @ 2 tones/ha, Farm Yard Manure (FYM) @ 5.0 tones/ha
and bio-fertilizer singly and combined enhanced the yield attributes grain yield parameters. Seed inoculation with Rhizobium + phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) alone or combined inoculation were found effective and significantly enhanced the
yield attributing and grain and stalk yield of pigeon pea.
Cartographie De La Dynamique Spatio-Temporelle Des Parcours Naturels Des Troupeaux Transhumants Dans Les Communes De Banikoara Et De Karimama Au Benin (Afrique De L’ouest)
Authors: Issiaka Nourou Toko , Arouna Ousséni , Imorou Ismaïla Toko
Published: January 2019

Cattle breeding in the Districts of Banikoara and Karimama is characterized by semi-nomadic and transhumance with a food system based on the exclusive use of rangelands and crop residues; in this context, the risk of degradation of these rangelands are so high. The aim of this research is to assess the physiognomy changes recorded in these rangelands from 2000 to 2013.The techniques of the remote sensing in particular the classification of the Landsat images ETM+ of 2000 and OLI-TIRS of 2013 were used. The transition matrix was produced using the Intersect function of the software ArcGIS 10.1. In the same way, the programs "PontiusMatrix22" and "Intensity Analysis02" were used to measure the intensity and the speed of land covers units changes.Thus, the surface of riparian forests and the woodlands and savannas woodlands passed respectively from 1.86 % and 12.69 % in 2000 to 1.82 % and 6 % in 2013.Tree and shrub savannas knew a progressive evolution of their surface which passed from 37.55 % in 2000 to 40.51 % in 2013. In addition, the mosaics of fields and fallow which are used as surfaces of pasture in dries season also knew an appreciable increase in their area which passed from 47.02 % in 2000 to 51.73 % in 2013. In total, there was a regression of forest formations in favor of savanna and anthropogenic formations.The highest speed changes was recorded on the level of woodlands and savannas woodlands.
Dynamique Urbaine Et Activités Informelles Comme Objet D’enseignement En Géographie Dans Les Classes De 2e Et 1e De Korhogo
Authors: Kouadio Anne Marilyse , Séverin Kouakou Kouassi
Published: January 2019

The economy of African countries in their plurality is often characterized by traditional formal and informal dualism. In this study, we paid close observation to the following: almost everywhere in a semi underground or a total underground (Loukou, 2013), the renewal of the dynamism of the informal economy grouping according to the BIT (1993), the set of the unofficial little structured activities, and thus its difficulties which are quantifiable (small craftsmen, domestic service providers or not, small shopkeepers, etc.). In Ivory Coast as somewhere else in sub-Saharan Africa, this phenomenon occurs due to the badly mastered urbanization and the economic, social, and cultural crises stemming from austere politics of structural adjustment. The spatial and social reorganization of the Ivory Coast cities and his integration in the studies of the geography of Ivory Coast education system interpeeled us. To what extent does the knowledge relative to the interaction (urban dynamics/informal activities) establish an explicit object of teaching in the lessons of geography in a class of determination, strangely in the 2nd and 1st classes? This study is a scientific contribution for a better consideration of the current and ambient urban phenomena. It was conducted based on documentary and empirical data.
Impacts Socio-Economiques De La Culture De L’anacarde Dans La Sous-Prefecture D’odienne (Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Sinan Adaman , Abou N’dri Kouame
Published: January 2019

Introduced in the Ivorian agriculture from 1960, the farming of cashew tree is now rapidly developing, precisely in the Center and North of the country. Odienné sub-prefecture occupies an important place with an estimated production of 33,006 tons in 2015. This increase in production is the consequence of the price per kilogram which increased from 225 fcfa in 2011 to 350 fcfa. These prices contribute to the improvement of the living conditions of the producers and the schooling of their children. But the development of cashew tree causes conflicts between cattle breeders and producers. These conflicts tend to undermine the social cohesion between communities. The objective of the study is therefore to evaluate the economic and social impacts of the cashew tree farming on producers in Odienné sub-prefecture. The survey has favored the combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Impact Du Changement Climatique Sur L’évolution De L'érosivité Des Pluies Dans Le Rif Occidental (Nord Du Maroc)
Authors: Choukri Fatiha , Chikhaoui Mohamed , Naimi Mustapha , Raclot Damien , Pepin Yannick , Lafia Kifayath
Published: January 2019

The rainfall erosivity factor (R factor in Universal Soil Loss Equation), denoting rain energy, is a key factor for soil loss modeling. Its present and future estimation is thus significant for any action related to soil and water conservation and planning. The extended series of precipitations at high temporal resolution, essential to its evaluation, are not readily available in Morocco. The objective of this study is to predict the evolution of rainfall erosivity by 2080 in the Western Rif, based on predictions of daily rain provided by the General Climatic Models (GCMs). To reflect the seasonal variability of rainfall, and thus of R factor, a series of instantaneous rain measured over 35 consecutive years was used to monthly calibrate a model to calculate erosivity based of daily rainfall. The application of this model to the predictions of different GCMs and for various scenarios of climate evolution in Western Rif shows a weak evolution of erosivity on an annual timescale but a very strong evolution of the latter according to seasons with a reduction in R factor during winter and spring, and a pronounced increase during summer and autumn. This discernable change of the seasonality of rainfall erosivity is very useful for adjusting the evolution of agricultural practices and for selecting appropriate soil protection measures.
Apport De La Stratigraphie Sequentielle Dans L’evolution Jurassique Du Moyen Atlas Central (Maroc)
Authors: Faiza Benjelloun , Bouazza Fedan , Ahmed Anjjar , Abderrahim Lahrach , Mohammed Boukhir , Abdel-Ali Chaouni
Published: January 2019

The Jurassic evolution of the central Middle Atlas is governed by various factors (climate and eustatism). The use of the concepts of sequential stratigraphy in the regions of Tagnamas and Boulemane allowed to interpret the geometry and the vertical sequence of sedimentary sets. Twelve sequences are identified and delimited by sedimentary discontinuities. The lithostratigraphic division adopted in this study is synchronous with the coastal aggradation charter of Haq & al. (1987 & 1988) and Rioult & al. (1991). The correlations on a regional scale, between different Jurassic lithostratigraphic units is possible, whose the major factors controlling the evolution of intraplate basins are climate and eustatism.
Interet D’une Supplementation En Spiruline Chez Les Enfants Drepanocytaires Homozygotes A L’hopital National De Niamey. (Essai Clinique Randomise En Double Aveugle A Propos De 53 Cas)
Authors: B. Malam-Abdou , S. Brah , A. Andia , Sani MA Mahamane , M. Chefou , F. Ibrahim , H. Diongolé , A. Harissou , I. Daouda , D. Alhousseini Maïga , S. Mahamadou
Published: January 2019

Spirulina is a micro algae used for thousands of years due to its healing properties. We supplemented children suffering from sickle cell anemia in order to appreciate its impact on the anthropometrical and clinical parameters. It consisted of a randomized clinical double blind test which was carried during a period of 9 months. The study concerned 53 homozygotes children suffering from sickle cell anemia aged 6 months to 15 years. Also, they were visiting the National Hospital of Niamey for follow up. One group (28 children) received 5 g of spirulina daily, and the other group (25 children) received placebo. The aspects studied were: the number of hospitalizations and transfusions, the vaso-occlusive crisis, the body mass index, and the splenomegalia. We found that 84.90% of patients were hospitalized at least once and 45.3% of them have already been transfused. The average number of crisis has greatly decreased in the spirulina group from 2.75 before the study to 1.18 at the end of the study. This, thus, was observed when compared to 2.44 to 1.6 in the placebo group. We also noticed a decrease of the number of hospitalizations and the number of transfusions which is less important in the group supplemented with spirulina. In conclusion, this study showed that supplementation in spirulina had a significant impact on children suffering from sickle cell anemia. This is even despite the fact that the difference between the two groups is not significant in some cases.
Profils Sociodemographique, Economique Et Alimentaire Chez Des Enfants Malnutris Aigus, Ages De 06 A 59 Mois, Reçus Au Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Treichville (Abidjan-Cote D’ivoire)
Authors: K. J. Kouamé , K. E. Amoikon , K. G. Kouamé , S. Kati-Coulibaly
Published: January 2019

In this descriptive and transversal work, the main objective is to establish the socio-demographic, economic and nutritional profiles of the children, aged between 06 and 59 months, acutely malnourished, consulted and / or hospitalized in pediatric emergency departments and Of the University Hospital of Treichville (UHT). This study is conducted on 290 children, aged between 06 and 59 months. A questioning anthropometric, socio-demographic, economic and food data allows the diagnosis of the nutritional status of each child and the descriptive statistical analysis of the patient. The results show that the prevalence of acute malnutrition is 55.86%, with 35.17 % cases of severe acute malnutrition and 20.68 % of cases of moderate acute malnutrition. The population of acute malnourished children in this study consisted of 84 girls and 78 boys, a sex ratio of 0.928. The children (133) victims of this type of malnutrition come, predominantly and significantly, from the precarious habitats. 126 have out-of-school mothers and 129 have consumed food of diversification or poor quality supplement. In 110 acute malnutrition, the daily family food budget is between 1500 FCFA and 3000 FCFA. At last, the index of food consumption score, also called food consumption, is referred to as a limit in 98. Finally, in this study, the risk factors having a significant impact on nutritional status are the precariousness of the habitat Place of residence), maternal education, complement food quality or diversification, food insecurity, age of complement and current diet.
Histopathological Effects of Maternal Alcohol Consumption in the Pups of Albino Rats
Authors: R.S. Ebugosi , A.N. Okaka , A. U. Onochie , G.O. Chukwuma , P.O. Manafa , U. Ngenegbo , F.O. Chukwuezi , O.M. Chukwuma
Published: January 2019

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy and lactation periods may result to some physical and histopathological changes in offsprings. This study was undertaken to investigate the possible effects of maternal alcohol intake on the testes and accessory sex organs of male pups of albino rats. Three groups of female albino rats; A, B and C were used for this study. Group A was the control group while groups B & C served as test groups. Eight male pups were randomly selected weekly (for five weeks) from each group and were sacrificed. The individual weights of the testes and accessory sex organs were determined and thereafter fixed in formol saline. Histopathological investigation was done and photomicrographs were taken. There was a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the mean weights of the testes in the test groups compared with control in all weeks under study. In contrast a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the mean values of the weights of ventral lobes of prostate and epididymis were only noticed in weeks 5 and 6 while the mean value of weights of the vas deferens showed significant reduction (P<0.05) in week 5 of the test groups compared with control group. The histopathological results revealed that exposure to alcohol caused focal coagulative necrosis of testicular seminiferous tubules in pre-natal alcohol exposed group B and a more diffuse coagulative necrosis of testicular seminiferous tubules in pre-and post- natal alcohol exposed group C. Therefore, there is the need for controlled alcohol consumption during pregnancy and lactation periods.
Efficacité Du Kaolin (Kalaba) Dans La Gestion Intégrée Des Chenilles Endocarpiques Du Cotonnier Dans La Zone Centre Du Bénin
Authors: Bonni G. , Houndete T. , Paraïso A. , Hougni A.
Published: January 2019

The study on the efficacy of Kaolin in the integrated management of the endocarpiques larvae of cotton was undertaken in the center of Benin. The objective of the work was to evaluate the potentiality of Kaolin in the control of some endocarpiques larvae of the cotton plant. To achieve this goal, a Fisher block device with 4 treatments and 4 repetitions were set up on two sites. The treatments developed consisted of an untreated plot ; a plot treated with Lambdacyalothrine 15 g/l - chlorpyrifos ethyl 300 g/l; a plot treated with kaolin 5% and another one with the mixture kaolin + Lambdacyalothrine 15 g/l - chlorpyrifos ethyl 300 g/l. The treatment with kaolin was achieved with a back, maintained pressure sprayer. Ten applications were conducted with the kaolin used alone and 6 with the other objects. Results showed that there is no significant difference between the average number of larvae recorded in the plots treated with kaolin and plots which served as control of reference (Lambdacyalothrine 15 g/l - chlorpyrifos ethyl 300 g/l at 1 l/ha). It was the same for the percentage of attacked green capsules and cotton seed production. The effect of kaolin in the control of Haritalodes derogata was low (11.6% of plants attacked against 0.1 % for the chemical reference control and 22.9 % for the untreated plot). The results of Kaolin associated with the binary acaricide, showed that the number of endocarpiques larvae has been significantly reduced compared to the reference control. This study indicates that kaolin can be used like other biological pesticides, as alternative to chemical control and then, constituted an important component of the integrated cotton pests management.
Gestion Des Matières Résiduelles Et Pollution Lagunaire A Abidjan : Responsabilités, Stratégies Et Perspectives
Authors: Tia Lazare
Published: January 2019

The poor management of household waste is responsible for the deterioration of the living conditions and the natural environment in Abidjan. Focusing on the case example of the pollution process of the Marcory- Treichville lagoon bay, this article identifies those responsible for the problem of insalubrity in Abidjan city and proposes palliative strategies. The probabilistic and judgemental methods were used to determine three sampling sites where GIS and other field investigations were conducted. The results of the field investigations show that paper/cardboard (20%), plastics (40%), wastewater and excreta (80%) and household waste (75%) pollute the Ebrié lagoon despite the good eco-citizen’s conscience of 83.1% of households who pay for the services of private pre-collectors; 9.4% prefering the municipal waste collection services. It follows from this that sustainable management based on the Quebec model of integrated waste management (3RV-E) or the creation of landfill sites will contribute to clean Abidjan city.
Prevalencia De Alteraciones En El Desarrollo Psicomotor Para Niños De 1 Mes A 5 Años Valorados Con La Prueba EDI En Un Centro De Salud En México En El Periodo Febrero A Noviembre De 2015
Authors: Callejas Kevin Bryan Tirado , Mejí Laura Maricela Arvizu , Pacheco María Andrea Martínez , Peña María de Lourdes Guerrero , Sánchez Luis Eduardo Contreras , Malagón Genaro Vega , Argenis Gustavo , Segura Hernández
Published: January 2019

Objective: To establish the prevalence of the psychomotor development alterations in children from a month old up to 5 years old tested with EDI test. Methodology: Transversal study with a non probabilistic sample of children who entered to be evaluated with EDI test for the first time in a period from February to November 2015. It took 204 evaluations through the SPSS V program. Results: 54 (26.47%) children resulted with some alert data, in which 32 (59.26%) referred lag in their development and 22 (40.74%) with risk of development delay. The rest were 150 (73.53%) tests with normal development. Conclusions: The high index of urinary tract infections during the prenatal period such as the preterm births stimulates the prevalence of psychomotor development alterations, which is why it is important the correct manage during pregnancy.
High Prevalence Of Antibody Response Against Plasmodium Falciparum (Pf) Antigens In A Holoendemic Area Of Benin (1994-1995)
Authors: Satoguina S. Judith Gbenoudon , Cocken Clemens H. , Thomas Alan W. , Langhorne Jean , Sanni Ambaliou
Published: January 2019

The present study aimed at measuring the capacity of naturally occurring antibodies to bind Pf83/AMA-1 and MSP-1/19 antigens, two malaria vaccine candidates, in an immunoassay. According to the fact that antibody prevalence reflects endemicity of malaria, we further aimed at using the results obtained here as baseline data set to follow up and evaluate the expected decline in endemicity in 2016, 8 years after the change in drug policy in Benin. Therefore, individuals, 2 – 19 and above 20 years old, living in Awansori, a malaria holoendemic area in the suburb of Cotonou, Benin were bled during the dry and raining seasons of the years 1994/1995. Antibody responses were measured using direct, indirect and competition ELISA. We found a very high prevalence of antibody responses (89 to 96%) in the studied population. The results indicate for Pf83/AMA-1, that naturally occurring antibodies bind to protective epitopes in a competition ELISA with a parasite inhibiting monoclonal antibody. The data and samples analysed here were collected during the rainy season 1994 and the following dry season 1994/1995.
Variability and Heritability of Morphological Traits in Collection of Cotton Genotypes (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and Their Potential Use for the Selection
Authors: Djaboutou M. C. , Sinha M.G. , Houedjissin S.S. , Cacai G.H. , Ahanhanzo C.
Published: January 2019

This study was conducted to estimate variability and heritability of some morphological traits available in 14 introduced cotton genotypes. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental site is based in Cotton and Fibres Center for Agricultural Research at Cana located in the south of Republic of Benin.Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among the 14 cotton genotypes (p˂0.001). The results showed high heritability for plant height, plant height to first fruiting branch, number of vegetative branches, length of vegetative branch, length of fruiting branch, number of fruiting branches and number of nodes among 14 varieties. Heritability values vary from 0.720 (NFB) to 0.999 (PH and LVB).Positive correlations were found between plant height and length of fruiting branch and number of fruiting branches and other morphological characters. A highly significant correlation (r = 0.80) was observed between plant height to first fruiting branch and plant height. The relatively high variability and heritability estimates for morphological traits suggested that they could be used in breeding programs.
Evolución histórica del concepto y criterios actuales para el diagnóstico de demencia.
Authors: Custodio Nilton , Montesinos Rosa , Alarcón Jorge O.
Published: January 2019

A mediados del siglo XIX se empezó a enfocar el concepto de Demencia, como una entidad irreversible asociada a la edad, Esquirol fue uno de los primeros en plantear una aproximación descriptiva del cuadro clínico, y Bayle el primero en proponer Demencia como una enfermedad atribuible a lesiones en el sistema nervioso central. Fue alrededor del año 1900, que Alois Alzheimer precisó las lesiones patológicas de dos entidades clínicas distintas, la primera descrita por él mismo, y la segunda por Arnold Pick (conocidas hoy como enfermedad de Alzheimer y demencia frontotemporal respectivamente). Conforme progresaron las técnicas de imágenes cerebrales y estudios de líquido cefalo-raquídeo fueron mejorando los criterios de diagnóstico para los diversos tipos de demencia, con un enfoque clínico-biológico. Las recomendaciones más recientes, sin embargo proponen un enfoque exclusivamente biológico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer.
Rapid Analysis of Adulterated Dexamethasone in Joint-Pain Killer Traditional Herbal Medicine (THM) Using Infrared Spectroscopy
Authors: Nugroho Ardi , Ritonga Fany Devita
Published: January 2019

A rapid, non-destructive and reagent-free infrared spectroscopy combined with Partial Least Square (PLS) has been developed for the dexamethasone quantification in joint-pain killer traditional herbal medicine (THM). The main aim of this study is to select the best wavenumbers that are capable of providing the high coefficient of determination (R2), low values of Root Mean Square Error of Calibration (RMSEC), Root Mean Square Error of Cross Validation (RMSECV)  and predictive residual error sum of squares (PRESS). Finally, wavenumbers 3646, 3642, 2461, 2453, 2432, 2406, 2229, 2209, 2197, 2097, 2092, 2064, 2059, 2047, 2026, 2009, 1969, and 1513 cm-1 were selected for the prediction of dexamethasone in the joint-pain killer traditional herbal medicine. The correlation between the actual values of dexamethasone determined in joint-pain killer traditional herbal medicine using infrared spectroscopy combined with PLS revealed the R2 values of 0.9988. The RMSEC values obtained 0,009455. The PRESS and RMSECV value obtained as the results of cross-validation model selection for dexamethasone in joint-pain killer traditional herbal medicine were 0,0022721.00 and 0,02902, respectively. The high value of R2 and low value of RMSEC, RMSECV and PRESS indicated that this method had high accuracy and precision in a validated condition for the dexamethasone quantification in the joint-pain killer traditional herbal medicine. These results indicated that infrared spectroscopy combined with PLS can be an alternative method for the dexamethasone determination in joint-pain killer traditional herbal medicine.his part contains English version of the abstract. The abstract presents background, method of the research/ literary study and discussion. The abstract consist of maximum 300 words. All sentence must represent the core of research presented in good structure of sentences.
Perubahan Komponen Utama Pada Minyak Atsiri Selasih Ungu (Ocimum Conum, Sims) Dengan Metode Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) Menggunakan Katalis KF/Al2O3
Authors: Puspitasari Ratih Dyah , Rubiyanto Dwiarso , Allwar Allwar
Published: January 2019

Penerapan metode MAOS (Microwave Assisted Organic Synthesis) pada minyak atsiri selasih ungu (Ocimum Canum, Sims) telah dilakukan. Dalam penelitian ini KF/AI2O3 digunakan sebagai katalis, gliserol dan etilen glikol sebagai pelarut. Katalis dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR dan hasil menunjukkan penampakan tiga spektra: K3AIF6, KOH dan K2CO3. Hasil optimasi waktu dan konsentrasi yang diperoleh yaitu 6 menit pada KF/Al2O3 10% untuk pelarut gliserol dan 2 menit pada KF/Al2O3 20% untuk pelarut etilen glikol.
Pengaruh Temperatur Terhadap Isomerisasi Senyawa 3-Carene Menjadi 4-Carene Dengan Katalis Natrium-O-Klorotoluen
Authors: Anisa Nurul , Julianto Tatang Shabur , Rubiyanto Dwiarso
Published: January 2019

Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh temperatur reaksi pada konversi 3 carene menjadi 4-carene menggunakan katalis basa organik yaitu natrium-o klorotoluen. Proses konversi ini dilakukan dengan metode isomerisasi dengan variasi temperatur reaksi 149 oC, 160 oC , dan 178 oC. Campuran yang digunakan adalah 3-carene dan xylene, natrium dan o-klorotoluen dengan perbandingan 1:1 yang direfluks pada temperatur 149 oC, 160 oC , dan 178 oC selama 12 jam. Produk reaksi selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan instrumen GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa temperatur optimum konversi 3-carene menjadi 4 carene pada temperatur reaksi 178oC dengan jumlah 4-carene sebesar 49,8%
Analisis Penurunan Kadar Cr, Cd DAN Pb Limbah Laboratorium Dasar PPSDM Migas Cepu Dengan Adsorpsi Serbuk Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes)
Authors: Herianto Rivaldo , Kurniawan M.Arsyik
Published: January 2019

Beragam bahan kimia berbahaya digunakan dalam kegiatan di laboratorium. limbah laboratorium memiliki kekhususan sebab biasanya jumlah limbah tidak banyak namun memiliki keragaman yang sangat tinggi. Jenis bahan yang digunakan dapat berubah dari waktu ke waktu bergantung aktivitas dalam laboratorium tersebut. Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengolahan penurunan kadar limbah laboratorium dasar PPSDM CEPU dengan menggunakan serbuk eceng gondok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan dosis dengan variasi dosis serbuk eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) yang tepat dalam proses pengolahan penurunan kadar limbah lab. Parameter uji yang diamati adalah Cd, Cr dan Pb dengan menggunakan metode analisis AAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektifitas penurunan kadar konsentrasi limbah labolatorium dasar PPSDM CEPUÂ  pada dosis serbuk 0,45 gram.
Application of Lignin as Adsorbent for Silver (Ag) and Copper (Cu) on Electroplating Waste in Kota Gede
Authors: Prakoso Nurcahyo Iman
Published: January 2019

Lignin was a component of wood and always eliminated by chemical processing in many industries. On the other hand, oil palm bunches were the waste of palm oil industry, where that also containing high lignin.This study used lignin from residual waste of palm oil industry as biomass to adsorb silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) metal that is contained in electroplating waste by looking at lignin mass ratio, temperature and time in order to obtain optimal adsorption condition. The mass variations used were 100 mg, 200 mg, 300 mg, 400 mg, and 500 mg. While for the variation of contact time were 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours, 5 hours, 6 hours. For temperature variations were 30 Â°C, 40 Â°C, 50 Â°C, Â Â andÂ  60 Â°C.The results showed that the most optimal lignin mass ratio in adsorbing silver and copper metals was 200 mg/ 50 mL. While the most optimal contact time were 4 hours for Ag and 2 hours for Cu. For the most optimum temperature in adsorbing Ag metal at 50 Â°C and for Cu metal at 30 Â°C.
Analysis of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and Hydrocarbon Composition of Natural Gas from GMS (Gas Metering Station) in PT. Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang
Authors: Rostyanesia Rostyanesia , Salmahaminati Salmahaminati , Vidya Putri Dwinanda
Published: January 2019

Natural gas of GMS (Gas Metering Station) is an important component that must be analyzed routinely in PT. Fertilizer Sriwidjaja because it is the main material used in addition to Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor in the manufacture of ammonia. The quality of natural gas will affect the ammonia and urea fertilizer product. The purpose of this research is to know the composition of hydrocarbons and to know the level of H2S gas in natural gas which is contained in GMS pipes. Determination of H2S levels was performed to find out the many catalysts used in the manufacture of ammonia gas.In determining the hydrocarbon composition, the first gas sample is taken using Stainless Steel Cylinder Tube. After the gas filled tube it was analyzed using GC (Gas Chromatography) and  it will know the hydrocarbon composition of GMS. As for the determination of H2S level, the gas sample taken as much as 30 L through gas spreader and inserted into erlenmeyer with 10% Cd Acetate and NaOH. Subsequently, 1% PADAS (N, N-Dimethyl-p-phenylendiamine sulphate) and FeCl3 were added. After the solution changed to blue color then analyzed using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer in 660 nm wavelength.The results obtained are nitrogen-containing natural gas and various hydrocarbon components: methane, hexane, carbon dioxide, ethane, propane, i-butane, n-butane, i-pentane, and n-pentane with H2S 2,954 ppm with the largest composition of methane 85.89%. The results have been in accordance with the standards used in the Pusri Industry which apply the provision that the natural gas used should contain methane with concentrations greater than 70%
Pengaruh Variasi HA-TCP (Hydroxy Apatit-Tricalcium Pospat) Terhadap Biokomposit (HA:TCP)-Gelatin-CMC Sebagai Injectable Bone Subtitute (IBS)
Authors: Purwiandono Gani , Julita Hera , Saputra Dita Adi
Published: January 2019

The synthesis of biocomposite (HA:TCP) – Gelatine – CMC for bone filler material has been carried out. In this research, the ratio of HA and TCP was varied as follows: 70:30, 50:50 and 40:60. The decrease of HA and the increase of TCP concentration will decrease the density, increase the percentage of porosity and swelling. The best composition for the synthesis was obtained for sample B with the ratio of HA:TCP = 50:50. For sample B, the synthesized biocomposite has the density of 1.67790 gr/cm3, porosity of 78.64%, tension of 10.14 MPa, swelling ability  46.85% and the sample mass degradation percentage of 8.1 %. The composition used for the biocomposite synthesis in this research was suitable to be applied as bone filler material which needs a dense pores and high tension.
Linfangioma quístico inguinal: revisión de la literatura, a propósito de un caso
Authors: Echenagusia Serrats Víctor , López de Heredia Eduardo , Gómez Portilla Alberto , Etxart Lopetegi Ane , Bustamante Mosquera Ruth , Camuera Maite , Muriel Jesús
Published: January 2019

Introducción: Los linfangiomas quísticos son una rara malformación hamartomatosa benigna. Presentamos uncaso clínico que debuta como una tumoración inguinal asintomática, así como su manejo e indicación quirúrgica juntocon una revisión actualizada de la literatura.Caso clínico: Los linfangiomas quísticos son una rara malformación hamartomatosa benigna con una baja prevalencia.Su presentación en adultos, así como la localización inguinal sin extensión intraabdominal y/o retroperitoneal,hace el caso excepcional.Discusión: La ausencia de signos patognomónicos supone un reto diagnóstico, debiendo de estar presente en eldiagnóstico diferencial de las tumoraciones inguinales. Asimismo, la ausencia de protocolos estandarizados difi cultasu manejo posterior y seguimiento, planteando la necesidad de controles radiológicos.
Application Of Potassium Fertilizer and Teak Leaves Debris for Arrowroot Yield
Authors: Yunanto Ahmad Ichsan , Supriyono Supriyono , Nyoto Sri
Published: January 2019

Arrowroot yield can be used as a substitute for rice. Arrowroot tubers can be utilized to meet the needs of carbohydrates. Potassium fertilizer can help the formation of arrowroot tubers and the formation of arrowroot starch. Arowroot are found wildly grown under teak. This research aims to determine the dose of potassium fertilizer and determine the influence of teak leaf debris on arowrrot yield. This research was held from March to September 2016 in the Agricultural Land UNS Jumantono. The research using Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) method. Two separate experiments that KCl fertilizer application and the application of teak leaf debris dry. KCl fertilizer treatment given to the arrowroot plant is K0 (0 g-1plant), K1 (2,4 g-1plant), K2 (4,8 g-1plant), K3 (7,2 g-1plant) and K4 (9,6 g-1plant). Debris leaves of teak treatment given the arrowroot plant is A0 (0 g-1plant), A1 (20 g-1plant), A2 (40 g-1plant), A3 (60 g-1plant) and A4 (80 g-1plant). The results showed that the fertilizer KCl 4,8 g-1plant tends to increase arrowroot yields. Adding teak leaf debris 80 g-1plant tends to increase the number and weight of arrowroot tubers.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MOTOR DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS IN SEPAK TAKRAW TRAINING
Authors: Hakim Abdul Aziz , Hanif Achmad Sofyan
Published: January 2019

This article will discuss about the characteristics of sports training that match the characteristic of child development. So hopefully by understanding it, sports training can achieve more optimal results. With the implementation of sports training in accordance with the characteristics of child development it will prevent achievement of peak performance too early. Through the theoretical adjustment between the main biomotor characteristics and the characteristics of motor development, in sepak takraw has been determined the initial age of training is 11 years old daughter and 12 year old son. So with the knowledge of this early age, can facilitate the making of training programs and sports football sepak takraw. So that the optimal achievement in sepak takraw can be achieved.

Keywords: Characteristic of Motor Development, Biomotor Characteristics Sepak Takraw
IMPROVEMENT OF PHYSICAL FITNESS LEARNING RESULT THROUGH METHOD PLAY OF CLASS VIII STUDENTS AT PUBLIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 5 PALLANGGA IN GOWA DISTRICT
Authors: Irfan Irfan , Hakim Rahmanul
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this study is to describe efforts to improve physical fitness learning outcomes through the method of playing on students of class VIII public junior high school 5 Pallangga Gowa District. Approach in this research is qualitative descriptive approach with class action research type. The implementation of this research is focused on two variables, namely the method of play and physical fitness learning outcomes. This research was conducted in public junior high school 5 Pallangga Gowa Regency with research subjects of VIII students amounting to 40 people. Data collection techniques used are observation, test and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are qualitative and quantitative descriptions. Based on the results of the study concluded that learning through the application of play methods can improve physical fitness learning outcomes in grade VIII students. From the analysis result obtained significant improvement from cycle I and cycle II. The result of physical fitness learning in cycle I in the finished category is 37.5% with the number of students 15 people whereas in cycle II there is an increase in the percentage of student learning outcomes in the complete category of 95% with 38 students complete.

 

Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Physical Fitness, Playing Methods
EFFECTIVENESS OF SHOOTING BASKETBALL MODEL BASED OF DRILL AT FACULTY OF SPORT SCIENCE OF STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
Authors: Ibrahim Ibrahim , Asmawi Moch. , Sulaiman Iman
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this research is to get an overview of the implementation of basketball-based shooting learning on the students, to produce basketball shooting learning model, and to develop conceptual model and procedural model of shooting set shoot learning, jump shoot and basketball shoot layup and also to know effectiveness of efficient model. This research and development use Research & Development (R & D) development method from Borg and Gall. Group trials were conducted on second semester students who took basic basketball courses consisting of 4 classes totaling 120 people, 60 treatment groups and 60 as control groups with eight (8) meetings. The effectiveness test of the learning model uses shooting skill set shoot skill instruments, jump shoot and basketball shoot layup using portofolio (process assessment). Analysis of research data using t test with a significance level of 0.05. Data analysis for shoot shooting set obtained an average value of pretest 50.43 and posttest 75.57 t-count ratio and t-table -188.500 <1.67065, while the jump shoot obtained the average value of pretest 57.55 and posttest 82 , 85 t-count comparisons and t-tables -89,235 <1,67065 and for shoot layups, the average pretest score is 48,02 and posttest 73,17 t-count ratio and t-table -167,667 <1,67065, significance (2-tailed) 0.000 with a significance level of 0.05 then of the three H0 rejected. Based on the data analysis, it can be said that the set shoot, jump shoot and drill layup-based learning models for students are developed, effective and can improve the results of basketball shooting learning.

 

Keywords: Effectiveness, Shooting Basketball Model, Based of Drill
AGILITY EXERCISE MODELS OF BADMINTON
Authors: Al Farisi Muh Abd Harits
Published: January 2019

The purpose of this research and development is to produce a model of agility exercise on badminton. This research uses Research & Development (R & D) development method from Borg and Gall. Stages in this research and development are, at the stage: (1) needs analysis, (2) expert evaluation (initial product evaluation); (3) limited testing (small group trial); (4) main test (field testing), (5) Model effectiveness test. The effectiveness test uses the court agility test to determine the level of athlete's fame in mastering the entire game area. Analysis of research data using T test with significance level 0,05. Data analysis is obtained by average value of test data agility as follows pretest: 505.40 and posttest 468.53. So this model of badminton agility training is effective in improving the agility of badminton athletes. Based on the results of the development can be concluded that: (1) With the model of agility exercise for badminton athletes can be developed and applied in the exercise at the club (2) With the agility training model for badminton athletes that have been developed, obtained evidence of this increase in the show on the test data pretest and posttest results of significant differences between before and after the treatment of the model.

 

Keywords: Development, Model, Agility, Badminton
PENINGKATAN PADA ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN PRODUK DIES DI PT KLM
Authors: Sukanta Sukanta , Sari Dessy Agustina , Darajat Andhika Ahmad
Published: January 2019

Setiap perusahaan memiliki tujuan untuk bertahan hidup dan mengembangkan diri melalui peningkatan tingkat keuntungan. Dengan strategi pemasaran, sebuah pabrik di pasar dapat meningkatkan posisi dengan memanfaatkan peluang untuk mendapatkan tujuan penjualan. Selain itu, kekuatan dan kelemahan yang mampu membantu memberikan sepenuhnya detail tanaman. Penelitian di PT KLM adalah cara perawatan untuk meningkatkan volume penjualan dies. Data internal dan eksternal diperlukan untuk mendukung perhitungan pada IFE, EFE, dan QSPM dan juga analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perusahaan berada di daerah II - strategi pertumbuhan. Setelah tahap terakhir, solusi untuk ini adalah pembela harga dies dan menjaga kepuasan pelanggan terhadap kualitas produk.
PENGARUH KEPEMILIKAN MANAJERIAL, STRUKTUR AKTIVA, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN, PERTUMBUHAN PENJUALAN DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP KEBIJAKAN UTANG PADA PERUSAHAAN SEKTOR ANEKA INDUSTRI YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) PERIODE 2012 â€“ 2016
Authors: Mardiyati Umi , Qothrunnada Qothrunnada , Kurnianti Destria
Published: January 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemilikan manajerial, struktur aktiva, ukuran perusahaan, pertumbuhan penjualan dan profitabilitas terhadap kebijakan utang pada perusahaan aneka industri yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2012-2016 dengan 96 unit sampel. Model yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data panel dengan pendekatan Fixed Effect Model dan Random Effect Model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan manajerial dan struktur aktiva tidak berpengaruh terhadap kebijakan utang (DER dan DAR), ukuran perusahaan positif dan signifikan terhadap DER dan negatif dan signifikan terhadap DAR, sedangkan pertumbuhan penjualan dan profitabilitas positif dan signifikan terhadap DER tetapi tidak berpengaruh terhadap DAR. Hasil robustness check menunjukkan kepemilikan manajerial, struktur aktiva dan ukuran perusahaan memiliki hasil robust. Sedangkan pertumbuhan penjualan dan profitabilitas memiliki hasil tidak robust.