bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Table 1 from Genetically Lowered Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase Activity and Tobacco-Related Cancer in 47,000 Individuals
Authors: Lee Julie , Dahl Morten , Nordestgaard Børge G.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 1 from Genetically Lowered Microsomal Epoxide Hydrolase Activity and Tobacco-Related Cancer in 47,000 Individuals
Supplementary Table 2 from Effect of Long-term Storage in TRIzol on Microarray-Based Gene Expression Profiling
Authors: Ma Wencai , Wang Michael , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Sun Luhong , Graber David , Matthews Jairo , Champlin Richard , Yi Qing , Orlowski Robert Z. , Kwak Larry W. , Weber Donna M. , Thomas Sheeba K. , Shah Jatin , Kornblau Steven , Davis Richard E.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 2 from Effect of Long-term Storage in TRIzol on Microarray-Based Gene Expression Profiling
Supplementary Tables 1-9 from ST14 Gene Variant and Decreased Matriptase Protein Expression Predict Poor Breast Cancer Survival
Authors: Kauppinen Jaana M. , Kosma Veli-Matti , Soini Ylermi , Sironen Reijo , Nissinen Minna , Nykopp Timo K. , Kärjä Vesa , Eskelinen Matti , Kataja Vesa , Mannermaa Arto
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Tables 1-9 from ST14 Gene Variant and Decreased Matriptase Protein Expression Predict Poor Breast Cancer Survival
Supplementary Figure 4 from A Systematic Review of p53 as a Prognostic Factor of Survival in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Four Main Anatomical Subsites of the Head and Neck
Authors: Tandon Sankalap , Tudur-Smith Catrin , Riley Richard D. , Boyd Mark T. , Jones Terence M.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 4 from A Systematic Review of p53 as a Prognostic Factor of Survival in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Four Main Anatomical Subsites of the Head and Neck
Supplementary Figure 3 from A Systematic Review of p53 as a Prognostic Factor of Survival in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Four Main Anatomical Subsites of the Head and Neck
Authors: Tandon Sankalap , Tudur-Smith Catrin , Riley Richard D. , Boyd Mark T. , Jones Terence M.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 3 from A Systematic Review of p53 as a Prognostic Factor of Survival in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Four Main Anatomical Subsites of the Head and Neck
Supplementary Figure 2B from ST14 Gene Variant and Decreased Matriptase Protein Expression Predict Poor Breast Cancer Survival
Authors: Kauppinen Jaana M. , Kosma Veli-Matti , Soini Ylermi , Sironen Reijo , Nissinen Minna , Nykopp Timo K. , Kärjä Vesa , Eskelinen Matti , Kataja Vesa , Mannermaa Arto
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure 2B from ST14 Gene Variant and Decreased Matriptase Protein Expression Predict Poor Breast Cancer Survival
Supplementary Figure 3 from A Variable Age of Onset Segregation Model for Linkage Analysis, with Correction for Ascertainment, Applied to Glioma
Authors: Sun Xiangqing , Vengoechea Jaime , Elston Robert , Chen Yanwen , Amos Christopher I. , Armstrong Georgina , Bernstein Jonine L. , Claus Elizabeth , Davis Faith , Houlston Richard S. , Il'yasova Dora , Jenkins Robert B. , Johansen Christoffer , Lai Rose , Lau Ching C. , Liu Yanhong , McCarthy Bridget J. , Olson Sara H. , Sadetzki Siegal , Schildkraut Joellen , Shete Sanjay , Yu Robert , Vick Nicholas A. , Merrell Ryan , Wrensch Margaret , Yang Ping , Melin Beatrice , Bondy Melissa L. , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S.
Published: March 2023

PDF file, 302K, Scatter plot of the visits at possible linked QTL locations on chromosome 17 vs. iteration.
Supplementary Figure 1 from A Variable Age of Onset Segregation Model for Linkage Analysis, with Correction for Ascertainment, Applied to Glioma
Authors: Sun Xiangqing , Vengoechea Jaime , Elston Robert , Chen Yanwen , Amos Christopher I. , Armstrong Georgina , Bernstein Jonine L. , Claus Elizabeth , Davis Faith , Houlston Richard S. , Il'yasova Dora , Jenkins Robert B. , Johansen Christoffer , Lai Rose , Lau Ching C. , Liu Yanhong , McCarthy Bridget J. , Olson Sara H. , Sadetzki Siegal , Schildkraut Joellen , Shete Sanjay , Yu Robert , Vick Nicholas A. , Merrell Ryan , Wrensch Margaret , Yang Ping , Melin Beatrice , Bondy Melissa L. , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S.
Published: March 2023

PDF file, 212K, Genome-wide multipoint model-based linkage under the three trait locus segregation models. Multipoint LOD scores have been truncated at -3. Some scores are below -3, such as for the whole of chromosome 15.
Supplementary Tables from Serum Lipid Profile and Risk of Prostate Cancer Recurrence: Results from the SEARCH Database
Authors: Allott Emma H. , Howard Lauren E. , Cooperberg Matthew R. , Kane Christopher J. , Aronson William J. , Terris Martha K. , Amling Christopher L. , Freedland Stephen J.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table S1 describes demographic, clinical and pathological characteristics of patients by preoperative statin use. Supplementary Table S2 shows correlation coefficients among lipids and between lipids and BMI. Supplementary Tables S3 and S4 repeat the main analysis treating non-PC death as a competing risk.
Supplementary material 1. Search strategy from The Effect of Exercise Training on Mediators of Inflammation in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Authors: Meneses-Echávez Jose F. , Correa-Bautista Jorge E. , González-Jiménez Emilio , Schmidt Río-Valle Jacqueline , Elkins Mark R. , Lobelo Felipe , Ramírez-Vélez Robinson
Published: March 2023

Search strategy methods: Pubmed
Supplementary figure 4 from The Effect of Exercise Training on Mediators of Inflammation in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Authors: Meneses-Echávez Jose F. , Correa-Bautista Jorge E. , González-Jiménez Emilio , Schmidt Río-Valle Jacqueline , Elkins Mark R. , Lobelo Felipe , Ramírez-Vélez Robinson
Published: March 2023

Effects of exercise on CRP in breast cancer survivors
Supplementary figure 3 from The Effect of Exercise Training on Mediators of Inflammation in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Authors: Meneses-Echávez Jose F. , Correa-Bautista Jorge E. , González-Jiménez Emilio , Schmidt Río-Valle Jacqueline , Elkins Mark R. , Lobelo Felipe , Ramírez-Vélez Robinson
Published: March 2023

Effects of exercise on IL-2 in breast cancer survivors
Supplementary Figure 1 from The Relationship between Umbilical Cord Estrogens and Perinatal Characteristics
Authors: Hickey Martha , Hart Roger , Keelan Jeffrey A.
Published: March 2023

PDF file - 652KB, Linear (Pearson) correlation analysis of umbilical cord concentrations of all four estrogens in singleton and twin pregnancies (n=860).
Supplementary Table S1 from Accuracy of Self-Reported Nevus and Pigmentation Phenotype Compared with Clinical Assessment in a Population-Based Study of Young Australian Adults
Authors: Cust Anne E. , Pickles Kristen M. , Goumas Chris , Vu Thao , Schmid Helen , Nagore Eduardo , Kelly John , Aitken Joanne F. , Giles Graham G. , Hopper John L. , Jenkins Mark A. , Mann Graham J.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table S1. Probability ratios (95% CI) for disagreement between self-reported and clinically-measured hair, eye and skin color phenotype.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Accuracy of Self-Reported Nevus and Pigmentation Phenotype Compared with Clinical Assessment in a Population-Based Study of Young Australian Adults
Authors: Cust Anne E. , Pickles Kristen M. , Goumas Chris , Vu Thao , Schmid Helen , Nagore Eduardo , Kelly John , Aitken Joanne F. , Giles Graham G. , Hopper John L. , Jenkins Mark A. , Mann Graham J.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure S1: The 30 body sites for which separate counts of melanocytic nevi were made.
Supplementary Table S1 from Improving the Quality of Biomarker Discovery Research: The Right Samples and Enough of Them
Authors: Pepe Margaret S. , Li Christopher I. , Feng Ziding
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table S1. Illustrative data from a discovery study
Supplementary Figure S4 from Improving the Quality of Biomarker Discovery Research: The Right Samples and Enough of Them
Authors: Pepe Margaret S. , Li Christopher I. , Feng Ziding
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure S4. ROC curves for the combination of TP53 and CTAGIA in independent samples.
Supplementary Tables 1 - 3 from Pathway Analyses Identify TGFBR2 as Potential Breast Cancer Susceptibility Gene: Results from a Consortium Study among Asians
Authors: Ma Xiangyu , Beeghly-Fadiel Alicia , Lu Wei , Shi Jiajun , Xiang Yong-Bing , Cai Qiuyin , Shen Hongbing , Shen Chen-Yang , Ren Zefang , Matsuo Keitaro , Khoo Ui Soon , Iwasaki Motoki , Long Jirong , Zhang Ben , Ji Bu-Tian , Zheng Ying , Wang Wenjing , Hu Zhibin , Liu Yao , Wu Pei-Ei , Shieh Ya-Lan , Wang Shenming , Xie Xiaoming , Ito Hidemi , Kasuga Yoshio , Chan Kelvin Y.K. , Iwata Hiroji , Tsugane Shoichiro , Gao Yu-Tang , Shu Xiao Ou , Moses Harold L. , Zheng Wei
Published: March 2023

PDF file, 199KB, Supplementary Table 1. TGF-β signaling pathway SNPs and breast cancer risk, Stage I. Supplementary Table 2. TGF-β signaling pathway variants showing an association with breast cancer risk (P value ≤0.05) in at least one genetic model, Stage 1. Supplementary Table 3. Results for TGF-β signaling pathway SNPs selected for Stage II evaluation (not presented in Table 3).
Supplementary Tables 1-8 from Risk Analysis of Prostate Cancer in PRACTICAL, a Multinational Consortium, Using 25 Known Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Loci
Authors: Amin Al Olama Ali , Benlloch Sara , Antoniou Antonis C. , Giles Graham G. , Severi Gianluca , Neal David E. , Hamdy Freddie C. , Donovan Jenny L. , Muir Kenneth , Schleutker Johanna , Henderson Brian E. , Haiman Christopher A. , Schumacher Fredrick R. , Pashayan Nora , Pharoah Paul D.P. , Ostrander Elaine A. , Stanford Janet L. , Batra Jyotsna , Clements Judith A. , Chambers Suzanne K. , Weischer Maren , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Ingles Sue A. , Sorensen Karina D. , Orntoft Torben F. , Park Jong Y. , Cybulski Cezary , Maier Christiane , Doerk Thilo , Dickinson Joanne L. , Cannon-Albright Lisa , Brenner Hermann , Rebbeck Timothy R. , Zeigler-Johnson Charnita , Habuchi Tomonori , Thibodeau Stephen N. , Cooney Kathleen A. , Chappuis Pierre O. , Hutter Pierre , Kaneva Radka P. , Foulkes William D. , Zeegers Maurice P. , Lu Yong-Jie , Zhang Hong-Wei , Stephenson Robert , Cox Angela , Southey Melissa C. , Spurdle Amanda B. , FitzGerald Liesel , Leongamornlert Daniel , Saunders Edward , Tymrakiewicz Malgorzata , Guy Michelle , Dadaev Tokhir , Little Sarah J. , Govindasami Koveela , Sawyer Emma , Wilkinson Rosemary , Herkommer Kathleen , Hopper John L. , Lophatonanon Aritaya , Rinckleb Antje E. , Kote-Jarai Zsofia , Eeles Rosalind A. , Easton Douglas F.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Tables 1-8. Supplementary table 1: Total number of cases and controls in PRACTICAL III and GWAS stage 3 by population and study. Supplementary Table 2: Data information for family history and age at diagnosis/observation. Supplementary Table 3: Grade-specific and family history-specific odds ratios. Supplementary Table 4: PSA levels by genotype in controls. Supplementary Table 5: Age-specific odds ratios. Supplementary Table 6: The results of 29 pair wise interaction of 25 SNPs significant at P <0.05 (29 out of 300 interactions; Bonferroni correction 0.05/300=1.67x10-4). Supplementary Table 7: Estimated odds ratios of PRS percentiles adjusted for age at diagnosis of PrCa (five categories) in a model allowing for an interaction between PRS and Age. Supplementary Table 8: Estimated odds ratios used for estimating absolute risk.
Supplementary Figure S1 from Improving the Quality of Biomarker Discovery Research: The Right Samples and Enough of Them
Authors: Pepe Margaret S. , Li Christopher I. , Feng Ziding
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Figure S1. ROC curves for a biomarker of breast cancer using two different sets of controls. The screening controls are biased while the diagnostic controls are unbiased in relation to the cases.
Figure S2 from The Role of Gastroesophageal Reflux and Other Factors during Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hazelton William D. , Curtius Kit , Inadomi John M. , Vaughan Thomas L. , Meza Rafael , Rubenstein Joel H. , Hur Chin , Luebeck E. Georg
Published: March 2023

Figure S2. Male/Female EAC incidence
Figure S1 from The Role of Gastroesophageal Reflux and Other Factors during Progression to Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hazelton William D. , Curtius Kit , Inadomi John M. , Vaughan Thomas L. , Meza Rafael , Rubenstein Joel H. , Hur Chin , Luebeck E. Georg
Published: March 2023

Figure S1. EAC model including GERD and OF
Supplementary file 3 from Telomere Length and Breast Cancer Prognosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ennour-Idrissi Kaoutar , Maunsell Elizabeth , Diorio Caroline
Published: March 2023

Risk of bias assessment form.
Supplementary file 1 from Telomere Length and Breast Cancer Prognosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Ennour-Idrissi Kaoutar , Maunsell Elizabeth , Diorio Caroline
Published: March 2023

Table S1: Search strategies Table S2: Studies of telomere length measured in peripheral blood cells and survival outcomes Table S3: Studies of telomere length measured in breast tumor tissue and survival outcomes Table S4: Studies reporting associations of telomere length in peripheral blood with breast cancer prognostic factors Table S5: Studies reporting associations of telomere length in breast tumor tissue with breast cancer prognostic factors Figure S1 Risk of bias graph of studies reporting telomere length measured in peripheral blood cells and survival outcomes: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies Figure S2: Risk of bias graph of studies reporting telomere length measured in breast tumor tissue and survival outcomes: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies Figure S3: Risk of bias graph of studies reporting associations between telomere length measured in peripheral blood cells and prognostic factors: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies Figure S4: Risk of bias graph of studies reporting associations between telomere length measured in breast tumor tissue and prognostic factors: review authors' judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies.
Table S2 from Stool DNA Test of Methylated Syndecan-2 for the Early Detection of Colorectal Neoplasia
Authors: Niu Feng , Wen Jialing , Fu Xinhui , Li Chujun , Zhao Rongsong , Wu Shan , Yu Hao , Liu Xianglin , Zhao Xia , Liu Side , Wang Xinying , Wang Jianping , Zou Hongzhi
Published: March 2023

The details of potentially interfering substances.
Supplemental Results from Endometrial Cancer Risk Factors, Hormone Receptors, and Mortality Prediction
Authors: Busch Evan L. , Crous-Bou Marta , Prescott Jennifer , Chen Maxine M. , Downing Michael J. , Rosner Bernard A. , Mutter George L. , De Vivo Immaculata
Published: March 2023

This file contains tables showing the association between BMI and each of ER and PR when adjusted for both risk factors and prognostic factors; associations between BMI and each of ER and PR when a consistent BMI reference group of normal weight is used; and risk stratification tables for the prediction of endometrial cancer-specific mortality using dichotomous tumor ER or PR status.
Supplementary Table S1 from Impact of Smoking and Excess Body Weight on Overall and Site-Specific Cancer Mortality Risk
Authors: Meyer Julia , Rohrmann Sabine , Bopp Matthias , Faeh David
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table S1. Baseline characteristics of the study population and figures of all sites cancer mortality stratified by survey
Supplemental Tables 1 - 7 from Assessment of Multifactor Gene–Environment Interactions and Ovarian Cancer Risk: Candidate Genes, Obesity, and Hormone-Related Risk Factors
Authors: Usset Joseph L. , Raghavan Rama , Tyrer Jonathan P. , McGuire Valerie , Sieh Weiva , Webb Penelope , Chang-Claude Jenny , Rudolph Anja , Anton-Culver Hoda , Berchuck Andrew , Brinton Louise , Cunningham Julie M. , DeFazio Anna , Doherty Jennifer A. , Edwards Robert P. , Gayther Simon A. , Gentry-Maharaj Aleksandra , Goodman Marc T. , Høgdall Estrid , Jensen Allan , Johnatty Sharon E. , Kiemeney Lambertus A. , Kjaer Susanne K. , Larson Melissa C. , Lurie Galina , Massuger Leon , Menon Usha , Modugno Francesmary , Moysich Kirsten B. , Ness Roberta B. , Pike Malcolm C. , Ramus Susan J. , Rossing Mary Anne , Rothstein Joseph , Song Honglin , Thompson Pamela J. , van den Berg David J. , Vierkant Robert A. , Wang-Gohrke Shan , Wentzensen Nicolas , Whittemore Alice S. , Wilkens Lynne R. , Wu Anna H. , Yang Hannah , Pearce Celeste Leigh , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Pharoah Paul , Goode Ellen L. , Fridley Brooke L.
Published: March 2023

Supplemental Table 1: Study Sites Information Supplemental Table 2: Sample Sizes by Study Site Supplemental Table 3: Candidate Gene Summary Supplemental Table 4: Candidate Gene GE Analyses top hits (p-value < 10-3) Supplemental Table 5: Candidate Gene BMI-GE Analyses top hits (p-value < 10-3) Supplemental Table 6: Sample Sizes by Low/High status across environmental factors. Supplemental Table 7: Sample Sizes by young adult BMI (Low/High) and Environmental (Low/High) status across 7 environmental factors.
Supplementary Tables 1 and 2 from Prospective Population-Based Study of the Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin-D Levels and the Incidence of Specific Types of Cancer
Authors: Skaaby Tea , Husemoen Lise Lotte Nystrup , Thuesen Betina Heinsbæk , Pisinger Charlotta , Jørgensen Torben , Roswall Nina , Larsen Sofus Christian , Linneberg Allan
Published: March 2023

PDF - 84K, Supplementary Table 1. Association between vitamin D status and incidence of specific types of cancer from two years after examination. Supplementary Table 2. Association between vitamin D status and incidence of specific types of cancer stratified by gender and BMI, respectively.
Supplementary Table 1 from Association of Prostate Cancer Risk Variants with TMPRSS2:ERG Status: Evidence for Distinct Molecular Subtypes
Authors: Penney Kathryn L. , Pettersson Andreas , Shui Irene M. , Graff Rebecca E. , Kraft Peter , Lis Rosina T. , Sesso Howard D. , Loda Massimo , Mucci Lorelei A.
Published: March 2023

Frequency of risk SNP genotypes in the ERG+ cases, ERG- cases, and controls
Supplemental Table 3. from Circulating Estrogens and Postmenopausal Ovarian Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study
Authors: Trabert Britton , Brinton Louise A. , Anderson Garnet L. , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Falk Roni T. , Strickler Howard D. , Sliesoraitis Sarunas , Kuller Lewis H. , Gass Margery L. , Fuhrman Barbara J. , Xu Xia , Wentzensen Nicolas
Published: March 2023

Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer comparing the 5th quintile to the 1st quintile for individual estrogens and estrogen metabolites stratified by age at blood draw, nested case-control study within the Women's Health Initiative-Observational Study.
Supplementary Tables from Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Vitamin D–Related Genes May Modify Vitamin D–Breast Cancer Associations
Authors: O'Brien Katie M. , Sandler Dale P. , Kinyamu H. Karimi , Taylor Jack A. , Weinberg Clarice R.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table 1. Between SNP correlations (r2) for VDR SNPs among sub-cohort sample from the Sister Study (n=1829); Supplementary Table 2. Joint effects of 25(OH)D and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D metabolism genes on the 5-year risk of post-menopausal breast cancer: Ratio of hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals; Supplementary Table 3. Joint effects of 25(OH)D and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in vitamin D metabolism genes on the 5-year risk of breast cancer according to first-degree family history: Minor allele frequencies (MAFs), Ratio of hazard ratios (RHR), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), and interaction p-values (top 12 SNPs only); Supplementary Table 4. Top hits for joint effects of 25(OH)D and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in other vitamin D-related genes on the 5-year risk of breast cancer; Supplementary Table 5. Gene-environment set association tests (GESAT) for 25(OH)D and other vitamin D-related genes on the 5-year risk of breast cancer
Supplementary Table 2 from Aberrant Vimentin Methylation Is Characteristic of Upper Gastrointestinal Pathologies
Authors: Moinova Helen , Leidner Rom S. , Ravi Lakshmeswari , Lutterbaugh James , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Chen Yanwen , Chak Amitabh , Markowitz Sanford D. , Willis Joseph E.
Published: March 2023

PDF file - 147K
Supplemental Table 1 from History of Comorbidities and Survival of Ovarian Cancer Patients, Results from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium
Authors: Minlikeeva Albina N. , Freudenheim Jo L. , Eng Kevin H. , Cannioto Rikki A. , Friel Grace , Szender J. Brian , Segal Brahm , Odunsi Kunle , Mayor Paul , Diergaarde Brenda , Zsiros Emese , Kelemen Linda E. , Köbel Martin , Steed Helen , deFazio Anna , Jordan Susan J. , Fasching Peter A. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Risch Harvey A. , Rossing Mary Anne , Doherty Jennifer A. , Chang-Claude Jenny , Goodman Marc T. , Dörk Thilo , Edwards Robert , Modugno Francesmary , Ness Roberta B. , Matsuo Keitaro , Mizuno Mika , Karlan Beth Y. , Goode Ellen L. , Kjær Susanne K. , Høgdall Estrid , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Terry Kathryn L. , Cramer Daniel W. , Bandera Elisa V. , Paddock Lisa E. , Kiemeney Lambertus A. , Massuger Leon F.A.G. , Sutphen Rebecca , Anton-Culver Hoda , Ziogas Argyrios , Menon Usha , Gayther Simon A. , Ramus Susan J. , Gentry-Maharaj Aleksandra , Pearce Celeste L. , Wu Anna H. , Kupryjanczyk Jolanta , Jensen Allan , Webb Penelope M. , Moysich Kirsten B.
Published: March 2023

Description of the studies included in the pooled analysis and methods of data collection
Supplementary Table S1 from A Genome-Wide Association Study of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma among European Descendants
Authors: Siiskonen Satu J. , Zhang Mingfeng , Li Wen-Qing , Liang Liming , Kraft Peter , Nijsten Tamar , Han Jiali , Qureshi Abrar A.
Published: March 2023

Supplementary Table S1. Genotyping and quality control of the SNPs selected for replication.
Table S1 from The Association of Telomere Length in Peripheral Blood Cells with Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies
Authors: Zhang Xia , Zhao Qian , Zhu Wei , Liu Tao , Xie Shao-Hua , Zhong Li-Xin , Cai Yuan-Yuan , Li Xiao-Na , Liang Mei , Chen Wen , Hu Qian-Sheng , Zhang Bo
Published: March 2023

Table S1 describes the further characteristics of the 28 studies in the meta-analysis.
Supplementary Figure S2 from A Genome-Wide Association Study of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma among European Descendants
Authors: Siiskonen Satu J. , Zhang Mingfeng , Li Wen-Qing , Liang Liming , Kraft Peter , Nijsten Tamar , Han Jiali , Qureshi Abrar A.
Published: March 2023

Manhattan plot of the SCC GWAS. Manhattan plot of the SCC GWAS.
Supplemental Table 2 from A BRCA1/2 Mutational Signature and Survival in Ovarian High-Grade Serous Carcinoma
Authors: Dong Fei , Davineni Phani K. , Howitt Brooke E. , Beck Andrew H.
Published: March 2023

High grade serous carcinomas based on BRCA1/2 mutational signature and BRCA1/2 mutational status.
Supplementary Table 2 from Gene Expression Profiles in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Chinese Nickel Refinery Workers with High Exposures to Nickel and Control Subjects
Authors: Arita Adriana , Muñoz Alexandra , Chervona Yana , Niu Jingping , Qu Qingshan , Zhao Najuan , Ruan Ye , Kiok Kathrin , Kluz Thomas , Sun Hong , Clancy Hailey A. , Shamy Magdy , Costa Max
Published: March 2023

XLSX file - 192K, Gene list for genes associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma found in study set. All genes were differentially expressed in referent population (p<0.05)
Supplementary Table 2 from The Oncogenic Role of miR-155 in Breast Cancer
Authors: Mattiske Sam , Suetani Rachel J. , Neilsen Paul M. , Callen David F.
Published: March 2023

PDF file, 85K, Validated miR-155 target genes and validation method.
Supplementary Materials and Methods and Supplementary Figure 1 through 10 from Exploring the Recent Trend in Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Incidence and Mortality Using Comparative Simulation Modeling
Authors: Kong Chung Yin , Kroep Sonja , Curtius Kit , Hazelton William D. , Jeon Jihyoun , Meza Rafael , Heberle Curtis R. , Miller Melecia C. , Choi Sung Eun , Lansdorp-Vogelaar Iris , van Ballegooijen Marjolein , Feuer Eric J. , Inadomi John M. , Hur Chin , Luebeck E. Georg
Published: March 2023

PDF - 1235K, Referred to as "Appendix". Supplementary Materials and Methods. Figure A1. Schematic diagram of MSEAC Model. Figure A2. Cell Proliferation Rates by Birth Cohort, Males. Figure A3. Cell Proliferation Rates by Birth Cohort, Females. Figure A4. Period and Cohort Effects as Applied to Conceptual Model Transitions. Figure A5. Period Effect Coefficient Values as a Function of Calendar Year for Males. Figure A6. Cohort Effect Coefficient Values as a Function of Birth Year for Males. Figure A7. Model Structure UW-MISCAN Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Model. Figure A8. Increasing or Plateauing of the EAC Incidence Trend by Age Group. Figure A9. The EAC incidence rates stratified by birth cohorts are shown for all males (A) and all females (B). Figure A10. The EAC incidence rates by 10 years birth cohorts for all females.
Supplementary Table 4 from HOXB13 G84E Mutation in Finland: Population-Based Analysis of Prostate, Breast, and Colorectal Cancer Risk
Authors: Laitinen Virpi H. , Wahlfors Tiina , Saaristo Leena , Rantapero Tommi , Pelttari Liisa M. , Kilpivaara Outi , Laasanen Satu-Leena , Kallioniemi Anne , Nevanlinna Heli , Aaltonen Lauri , Vessella Robert L. , Auvinen Anssi , Visakorpi Tapio , Tammela Teuvo L.J. , Schleutker Johanna
Published: March 2023

PDF file - 39K, The first column indicates the predicted class for the amino acid denoted by the letters B (buried) and E (exposed). Second Column shows the amino acid while in third column the amino acid position is indicated. Fourth column shows the predicted value of relative solvent accessibility (RSA). Fifth column shows the z-fit score of for the RSA prediction which represents the reliability of the RSA prediction.
Supplementary Table S2 List of studies included in the subgroup meta-analyses of circulating C-reactive protein and breast cancer risk from Circulating C-Reactive Protein and Breast Cancer Risk—Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Chan Doris S.M. , Bandera Elisa V. , Greenwood Darren C. , Norat Teresa
Published: March 2023

References of studies included in the subgroup meta-analyses
Quality Assessment of Included Studies, Supplemental Tables 1 and 2, and Supplementary Figure Legends from Antidiabetic Medications and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Singh Siddharth , Singh Harkirat , Singh Preet Paul , Murad M. Hassan , Limburg Paul J.
Published: March 2023

PDF - 98KB, Newcastle-Ottawa scale for assessment of quality of included studies - Cohort studies and Case-Control studies. Supplementary Tables 1-2 and Supplementary Figure Legends.
Supplementary Figure S1. Funnel plots of studies on circulating CRP concentration and breast cancer risk from Circulating C-Reactive Protein and Breast Cancer Risk—Systematic Literature Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Chan Doris S.M. , Bandera Elisa V. , Greenwood Darren C. , Norat Teresa
Published: March 2023

Funnel plots of studies on circulating CRP concentration and breast cancer risk A. Studies included in the overall analysis B. Studies included in the analysis of post-menopausal women
Supplementary notes from Genome-Wide Association Study of Prostate Cancer–Specific Survival
Authors: Szulkin Robert , Karlsson Robert , Whitington Thomas , Aly Markus , Gronberg Henrik , Eeles Rosalind A. , Easton Douglas F. , Kote-Jarai Zsofia , Al Olama Ali Amin , Benlloch Sara , Muir Kenneth , Giles Graham G. , Southey Melissa C. , FitzGerald Liesel M. , Henderson Brian E. , Schumacher Fredrick R. , Haiman Christopher A. , Sipeky Csilla , Tammela Teuvo L.J. , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Key Timothy J. , Travis Ruth C. , Neal David E. , Donovan Jenny L. , Hamdy Freddie C. , Pharoah Paul D.P. , Pashayan Nora , Khaw Kay-Tee , Stanford Janet L. , Thibodeau Stephen N. , McDonnell Shannon K. , Schaid Daniel J. , Maier Christiane , Vogel Walther , Luedeke Manuel , Herkommer Kathleen , Kibel Adam S. , Cybulski Cezary , Lubiński Jan , Kluźniak Wojciech , Cannon-Albright Lisa , Brenner Hermann , Herrmann Volker , Holleczek Bernd , Park Jong Y. , Sellers Thomas A. , Lim Hui-Yi , Slavov Chavdar , Kaneva Radka P. , Mitev Vanio I. , Spurdle Amanda , Teixeira Manuel R. , Paulo Paula , Maia Sofia , Pandha Hardev , Michael Agnieszka , Kierzek Andrzej , Batra Jyotsna , Clements Judith A. , Albanes Demetrius , Andriole Gerald L. , Berndt Sonja I. , Chanock Stephen , Gapstur Susan M. , Giovannucci Edward L. , Hunter David J. , Kraft Peter , Le Marchand Loic , Ma Jing , Mondul Alison M. , Penney Kathryn L. , Stampfer Meir J. , Stevens Victoria L. , Weinstein Stephanie J. , Trichopoulou Antonia , Bueno-de-Mesquita Bas H. , Tjønneland Anne , Cox David G. , Maehle Lovise , Schleutker Johanna , Lindström Sara , Wiklund Fredrik
Published: March 2023

Supplementary acknowledgments.
Supplementary Table 4 from A Cohort Study of Metformin Exposure and Survival in Patients with Stage I–III Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Spillane Susan , Bennett Kathleen , Sharp Linda , Barron Thomas I.
Published: March 2023

PDF file - 37K, Sensitivity Analysis: Study of de novo post-diagnostic metformin exposure.
Early On-treatment Changes in Circulating Tumor DNA Fraction and Response to Enzalutamide or Abiraterone in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tolmeijer Sofie H. , Boerrigter Emmy , Sumiyoshi Takayuki , Kwan Edmond M. , Ng Sarah W.S. , Annala Matti , Donnellan Gráinne , Herberts Cameron , Benoist Guillemette E. , Hamberg Paul , Somford Diederik M. , van Oort Inge M. , Schalken Jack A. , Mehra Niven , van Erp Nielka P. , Wyatt Alexander W.
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) are standard of care for treatment-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), but rapid resistance is common. Early identification of resistance will improve management strategies. We investigated whether changes in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) fraction during ARPI treatment are linked with mCRPC clinical outcomes.

Experimental Design:

Plasma cell-free DNA was collected from 81 patients with mCRPC at baseline and after 4 weeks of first-line ARPI treatment during two prospective multicenter observational studies (NCT02426333; NCT02471469). ctDNA fraction was calculated from somatic mutations in targeted sequencing and genome copy-number profiles. Samples were classified into detected versus undetected ctDNA. Outcome measurements were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Nondurable treatment response was defined as PFS ≤6 months.

Results:

ctDNA was detected in 48/81 (59%) baseline and 29/81 (36%) 4-week samples. ctDNA fraction for samples with detected ctDNA was lower at 4 weeks versus baseline (median 5.0% versus 14.5%, P = 0.017). PFS and OS were shortest for patients with persistent ctDNA at 4 weeks (univariate HR, 4.79; 95% CI, 2.62–8.77 and univariate HR, 5.49; 95% CI, 2.76–10.91, respectively), independent of clinical prognostic factors. For patients exhibiting change from detected to undetected ctDNA by 4 weeks, there was no significant PFS difference versus patients with baseline undetected ctDNA. ctDNA change had a positive predictive value of 88% and negative predictive value of 92% for identifying nondurable responses.

Conclusions:

Early changes in ctDNA fraction are strongly linked to duration of first-line ARPI treatment benefit and survival in mCRPC and may inform early therapy switches or treatment intensification.

See related commentary by Sartor, p. 2745
Comparação entre as pressões portal e da veia hepática ocluída no transplante de fígado
Authors: Brescia Marília D'Elboux Guimarães
Published: March 2023

Introdução: A pressão portal (PP) após o transplante de fígado (Tx) é freqüentemente avaliada por meio da pressão da veia hepática ocluída (PVHO). Entretanto, não são conhecidos trabalhos sobre a concordância entre a PP e a PVHO no fígado transplantado. Casuística e método: Foram estudados prospectivamente 23 pacientes submetidos à Tx. A PP foi medida por cateterização de veia ileal, e a PVHO e a pressão de veia hepática livre (PVHL), por meio de cateter com balão. As pressões foram comparadas pelo teste "t" de Student pareado e análise de regressão linear. Resultado: Existe gradiente significante entre a PP e a PVHO (1,4 ± 1,6 mmHg ; p < 0,001). O gradiente foi igual ou superior a 2 mmHg em 9 casos (39,1%). Há correlação linear entre PP e PVHO (PVHO = 1,397 + 0,845*PP; r = 0,938; p < 0,001) e entre os gradientes PP-PVHO e PP-PVHL (PP-PVHO = -0,871+ 0,429*PP-PVHL; r = 0,429; p = 0,001).Conclusão: 1) Existe gradiente significante entre a PP e a PVHO no fígado transplantado, apesar de uma forte correlação linear entre as pressões; 2) O gradiente é mais pronunciado nos casos com pressão portal mais elevada.
Transplante de pâncreas e rim simultâneo com enxerto renal proveniente de doador vivo
Authors: Caravatto Pedro Paulo de Paris , Dumarco Rodrigo Blanco , Rocha Paulo Gouveia , Miranda Marcelo Perosa de , Miranda Marcelo Perosa de , Genzini Tércio , Gullo Neto Salvador
Published: March 2023

O transplante de pâncreas e rim simultâneo (TPRS) assumiu na última década, importante papel no tratamento dos pacientes diabéticos insulino-dependentes com doença renal em fase terminal. A melhora nos resultados obtidos com esta terapia tornou a indicação deste procedimento mais freqüente, acarretando aumento na lista de receptores e, consequentemente, maior tempo de espera pelo transplante. Com o intuito de reduzir o tempo de espera em lista e associar os benefícios imunológicos e técnicos do transplante realizado com doador-vivo relacionado, alguns centros mundiais passaram a indicar o TPRS com o emprego de enxerto renal proveniente de doador-vivo relacionado. Apresentamos a seguir, o primeiro caso realizado no país desta modalidade de transplante de pâncreas.
Análise da preservação do miocárdio após administração de N-2 mercaptopropionilglicina em modelo experimental de isquemia e reperfusão em cães
Authors: Ketzer Bernardo Mazzini , Feldman Andre , Grabarz Rony , Abuhab Abrão , Gun Carlos , Luca Fabio Augusto de , Abdo Emílio
Published: March 2023

As doenças cardiovasculares representam a principal causa de morbi-mortalidade da atualidade, sendo a doença arterial coronariana seu maior expoente. Novos conhecimentosfisiopatológicos indicam outros mecanismos para injúria miocárdica, ainda pouco estudados. O objetivo desse trabalho é analisar o efeito da N2-Mercaptopropionilglicina (N2-MPG) como agente protetor do miocárdio durante a isquemia/reperfusão, com base na preservação da área denecrose. Foram utilizados 16 cães alocados em dois grupos de oito cães cada: Grupo I (N2-MPG) e Grupo II (controle). Após a reprodução experimental de infarto agudo do miocárdio, os corações foram corados (TTC/Azul de Evans) e pesados para análise da preservação do miocárdio. Os resultados, em relação à preservação da área de necrose, foram: Grupo I (73,14%) e Grupo II (49,98%) através do método de Mann-Whitney. A redução da área de necrose obtida neste estudo apresentou diferença estatística significativa entre os grupos mostrando uma reduçãomédia de 23,16%, concluindo-se que a N2-MPG possui efeito protetor durante a isquemia/reperfusão do miocárdio.
Breve história da estereotaxia
Authors: Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Fonoff Erich
Published: March 2023

Este é um artigo ilustrativo sobre o desenvolvimento dos aparelhos estereotáxicos desde os modelos aplicados a pesquisa anatômicas em animais até os dias de hoje. Houveuma evolução extraordinária com simplificação dos aparelhos para aumentar a praticidade dos procedimentos, no entanto manteve-se o conceito inicial da localização milimétricatridimensional no encéfalo. Os referenciais deixaram de ser as proeminências ósseas cranianas e passaram a ser estruturas encefálicas que podiam ser correlacionadas aos atlas encefálicos, aumentando a precisão dos procedimentos. Atualmente técnicas de neuroimagem como a tomografia computadorizada ou a ressonância magnética trazem características tridimensionais do encéfalo de cada indivíduo e podem ser fundidas aos atlas conformacionais com auxílio da computação gráfica, aumentando a segurança e a melhoria dos resultados de forma menos invasiva.
Direct Transfer to the Neuroangiography Suite for Patients With Stroke
Authors: Desai Shashvat M. , Psychogios Marios , Khatri Pooja , Jovin Tudor G. , Jadhav Ashutosh P.
Published: March 2023

The therapeutic focus in acute ischemic stroke over the last 2.5 decades has been to balance the benefits of rapid reperfusion therapy with the risks of treatment-related complications. Both intravenous thrombolytics and endovascular thrombectomy are proven to substantially improve outcomes in a time-dependent manner. Each minute saved in achieving successful reperfusion grants an additional week of healthy life and may salvage up to 27 million neurons. The current approach to patient triage is inherited from the preendovascular thrombectomy era of stroke care. Current workflow concentrates on stabilization, diagnosis, and decision-making in the emergency department, followed by thrombolysis if eligible and subsequent transfer to the angiography suite as needed for further treatment. Multiple efforts have been directed toward minimizing the time from first medical contact to reperfusion therapy including prehospital triage and intrahospital workflow. Novel approaches for stroke patient triage such as the direct to angio approach, (also referred to as One Stop Management) are currently in development. The concept was initially introduced as several single-center experiences. In this narrative review article, we will consider various definitions of direct to angio and its variants, discuss its rationale, review its safety and efficacy, assess its feasibility, and delineate its limitations. Further, we will address methods to overcome these limitations and the potential impact of emerging data and new technologies on the direct-to-angio approach.
Ontogenetic changes in sagitta otoliths of whitemouth croaker Micropogonias furnieri (Acanthuriformes: Sciaenidae) and its implication in acoustic communication
Authors: Verocai José E. , Lombarte Antoni , Norbis Walter
Published: March 2023

The otoliths of teleosts are part of the inner ear. They are related to the balance system and are also mechanical components of sound transmission, responsible for hearing in fish. Their morphology is determined by the function they perform and is also influenced by environmental factors. In this context, our goal was to: analyse the possible morphological changes of sagitta otoliths of Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, 1823) during its ontogeny, based on six biometric indexes. We analysed 162 sagittae otoliths of Micropogonias furnieri collected in the Rio de la Plata estuary. The variation of the indexes was associated with the different size groups. Rectangularity and aspect ratio [otolith length/total fish length (OL/TL) and sulcus area/otolith area (SA/OA)] were the indexes that contributed the most to the discriminant function. Biometric index differences were related to diverse juvenile environments. The observed shift in the SA/OA relationship could be attributable to a need to respond to a change in the perception of sound (pulse and frequency) experienced by individuals larger than 20 cm that begin to frequent the same areas as spawning adults. In this sense, the ontogenetic morphological change of sagitta otoliths plays an important role in perception and acoustic communication for this species.
Do academic students overestimate marine litter pollution? A threat analysis using plover birds as a target in a Mediterranean site
Authors: Giovacchini Pietro , Russo Roberta , Anselmi Giuseppe , Battisti Corrado , Marsili Letizia
Published: March 2023

Marine litter is known to pose a threat to biodiversity. In this work, we wanted to verify if marine litter was overestimated as a threat by academic students when compared to other threats acting on a specific conservation target, a coastal bird of conservation concern, breeding on Mediterranean coastal dunes (Kentish Plover, Charadrius alexandrinus) in a site of central Italy (Maremma Regional Park, Tuscany). To test this hypothesis, before conducting any direct local survey (a priori), a panel of academic students in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Sustainability (Second cycle degree; Siena University) collected indirect information on a set of threats (trampling, coastal erosion, marine litter, presence of dogs and illegal plant collection), known as impacting on the target, assigning a score (from 1: low to 4: high) to two selected threat regime attributes (extent and intensity), and obtaining a magnitude score based the judgment only on general information communicated by park operators. After a field survey on the plover’s breeding site, students were newly assigned a posteriori scores (‘after’ phase). The before-after comparison showed that no threat showed a significant difference in scores, except for marine litter, which was significantly a priori overestimated. Although marine litter is known to threatened plover birds, it has been significantly overestimated at the local level suggesting a prejudice in student evaluation. This biased overestimation could be due to the high media exposure of the marine litter as a threat, making it charismatic, affecting the a priori judgment.
Russian Translations of Foreign Military Books in the 17th Century
Authors: Rusakovskiy Oleg
Published: March 2023

The article explores the role of military treatises and manuals as objects and factors in cultural and technology transfer from Western Europe to Russia in the 17th century in a comparative perspective. Listing the treatises on military tactics, organization and technology, translated for the needs of the Russian monarchs before the radical Westernizing reforms under Tsar Peter I started in 1700, the article analyses how these texts were perceived by their Russian readers and how they might have contributed to the military change in Eastern Europe. It defines the Russian military culture of the age as an elite culture, centred around the ruler’s person. The article also contextualizes the history of translated military books within knowledge transfer, in particular the transfer of Early Modern scientific ideas in Russia, as these books provided an attractive insight into European science and technology, not available for the Russian elite from other sources.
mHealth intervention delivered in general practice to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour of patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (ENERGISED): rationale and study protocol for a pragmatic randomised controlled trial
Authors: Vetrovsky Tomas , Kral Norbert , Pfeiferova Marketa , Kuhnova Jitka , Novak Jan , Wahlich Charlotte , Jaklova Andrea , Jurkova Katerina , Janek Michael , Omcirk Dan , Capek Vaclav , Maes Iris , Steffl Michal , Ussher Michael , Tufano James J. , Elavsky Steriani , Van Dyck Delfien , Cimler Richard , Yates Tom , Harris Tess , Seifert Bohumil
Published: March 2023

Background

The growing number of patients with type 2 diabetes and prediabetes is a major public health concern. Physical activity is a cornerstone of diabetes management and may prevent its onset in prediabetes patients. Despite this, many patients with (pre)diabetes remain physically inactive. Primary care physicians are well-situated to deliver interventions to increase their patients' physical activity levels. However, effective and sustainable physical activity interventions for (pre)diabetes patients that can be translated into routine primary care are lacking.

Methods

We describe the rationale and protocol for a 12-month pragmatic, multicentre, randomised, controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of an mHealth intervention delivered in general practice to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour of patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (ENERGISED). Twenty-one general practices will recruit 340 patients with (pre)diabetes during routine health check-ups. Patients allocated to the active control arm will receive a Fitbit activity tracker to self-monitor their daily steps and try to achieve the recommended step goal. Patients allocated to the intervention arm will additionally receive the mHealth intervention, including the delivery of several text messages per week, with some of them delivered just in time, based on data continuously collected by the Fitbit tracker. The trial consists of two phases, each lasting six months: the lead-in phase, when the mHealth intervention will be supported with human phone counselling, and the maintenance phase, when the intervention will be fully automated. The primary outcome, average ambulatory activity (steps/day) measured by a wrist-worn accelerometer, will be assessed at the end of the maintenance phase at 12 months.

Discussion

The trial has several strengths, such as the choice of active control to isolate the net effect of the intervention beyond simple self-monitoring with an activity tracker, broad eligibility criteria allowing for the inclusion of patients without a smartphone, procedures to minimise selection bias, and involvement of a relatively large number of general practices. These design choices contribute to the trial’s pragmatic character and ensure that the intervention, if effective, can be translated into routine primary care practice, allowing important public health benefits.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05351359, 28/04/2022).
“I’ve kept going” – a multisite repeated cross-sectional study of healthcare workers’ pride in personal performance during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Bondjers Kristina , Lingaas Ingebjørg , Stensland Synne , Atar Dan , Zwart John-Anker , Wøien Hilde , Dyb Grete
Published: March 2023

Background

For healthcare workers, working through a pandemic may include both challenges, such as coping with increased demands and a lack of control, and rewards, such as experiencing a sense of achievement and meaningfulness. In this study, we explore the accomplishments healthcare workers themselves are proud of achieving at work, in order to elucidate the positive aspects of working through a pandemic.

Methods

In June 2020 (T1), December 2020 (T2), and May 2021 (T3), healthcare workers (n = 1,996) at four Norwegian hospitals participated in a web-based survey assessing job strain, psychological health, and support during the pandemic. The survey included the open-ended question “During the past two weeks, what have you been feeling proud of achieving at work?”. Responses (1,046) to this item were analyzed using conventional content analysis, which resulted in 13 subthemes under 6 themes.

Results

For some, pride was found in their professional identity and dedication to their work. Others took pride in specific achievements, such as juggling their own needs (e.g., health, private life) with those of the workplace, contributing to cohesion and collaboration, their ability to learn and adjust, in being a useful resource at work, and in their efforts towards developing the organization and workplace.

Implications

The current findings shed light on what healthcare workers feel proud of achieving in their day-to-day work. Assessment of these factors provides insight on both positive and negative aspects of working clinically during a pandemic, and highlights specific targets for building sustainable and rewarding work environments for healthcare workers.