bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating contemporary migration numbers of adults based on kinship relationships in iteroparous species
Authors: Akita Tetsuya
Published: July 2022

This paper describes the development of estimators for the contemporary migration number and rate of adults between two populations in iteroparous species. The proposed estimators are based on known half‐sibling (HS) and/or parent–offspring (PO) relationships observed between populations across breeding seasons. The rationale is that HS and PO pairs exhibit information about the occurrence frequency of parental movements during the breeding interval. The proposed method allows for variance in the average number of offspring per parent within and between populations. In addition, coupled with the PO pairs found within the population, the estimators can be obtained using only genetic data. Generally, a sample size representing the square root of the population size is required to obtain meaningful migration information. We describe a detailed evaluation of the performance of the proposed estimators by running an individual‐based model, and the results provide guidance regarding sample sizes to ensure the required accuracy and precision. In addition, given that there are few effective methods to estimate adult movement (especially when populations cannot be genetically distinct), we discuss the usefulness of the proposed kinship assignment method in terms of conservation biology and wildlife management.
The RadOrgMiner pipeline: Automated genotyping of organellar loci from RADseq data
Authors: Laczkó Levente , Jordán Sándor , Sramkó Gábor
Published: July 2022

Different versions of Restriction‐site‐Associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) have become powerful and popular tools in molecular ecology. Although RADseq datasets are generally regarded as representative of the nuclear genome, reduced representation genomic libraries may also sample the organellar (i.e. the mitochondrial and, in the case of plants, the plastid) DNA. This cytoplasmic genetic variance provides a better understanding of evolutionary history by uncovering past hybridisation and identifying maternal or, rarely, paternal lineage due to rapid lineage sorting.

We developed a pipeline that is based on existing bioinformatic tools to automatically mine and genotype organellar loci from RADseq libraries. The efficacy of our pipeline is tested on eight publicly available datasets spanning different phylogenetic levels (i.e. from family‐level phylogenies to phylogeography) and RADseq methods (sdRAD, ddRAD, ezRAD, GBS) for genotyping mitochondrial and plastid loci, which were subject to phylogenetic tree reconstruction.

In all cases, organellar phylogenies adequately supplemented the original studies by corroborating the large‐scale picture based on RADseq or by bringing additional evidence on past or contemporary hybridisation. RADseq methods designed to achieve larger horizontal coverage (i.e. ddRAD, ezRAD) yielded longer organellar alignments, but sdRAD and GBS still provided valuable polymorphic organellar loci at no additional sequencing effort.

Our newly developed pipeline can be run under a Unix‐like operating system and is freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6619190
The Australia and New Zealand Congenital Outcomes Registry for Surgery (ANZCORS): methodology and preliminary results
Authors: Marathe Supreet P. , Suna Jessica , Betts Kim S. , Merlo Greg , Konstantinov Igor E. , Iyengar Ajay J. , Venugopal Prem , Alphonso Nelson ,   ANZCORS Collaborative
Published: July 2022

Background

Analysis of multi‐institutional data and benchmarking is an accepted accreditation standard in cardiac surgery. Such a database does not exist for congenital cardiac surgery in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ). To fill this gap, the ANZ Congenital Outcomes Registry for Surgery (ANZCORS) was established in 2017.

Methods

Inclusion criteria included all cardiothoracic and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) procedures performed at five participating centres. Data was collected by data managers, validated by the surgical team, and securely transmitted to a central repository.

Results

Between 2015 and 2019, 9723 procedures were performed in 7003 patients. Cardiopulmonary bypass was utilized for 59% and 9% were ECMO procedures. Fifty‐seven percent (n = 5531) of the procedures were performed in children younger than 1 year of age. Twenty‐four percent of procedures (n = 2365) were performed in neonates (≤28 days) and 33% (n = 3166) were performed in children aged 29 days to 1 year (infants). The 30‐day mortality for cardiac cases (n = 6572) was 1.3% and there was no statistical difference between the participating centres (P = 0.491). Sixty‐nine percent of cases had no major post‐operative complications (5121/7456). For cardiopulmonary bypass procedures (n = 5774), median stay in intensive care and hospital was 2 days (IQR 1, 4) and 9 days (IQR 5, 18), respectively.

Conclusion

ANZCORS has facilitated pooled data analysis for paediatric cardiac surgery across ANZ for the first time. Overall mortality was low. Non‐risk‐adjusted 30‐day mortality for individual procedures was similar in all units. The continued evaluation of surgical outcomes through ANZCORS will drive quality assessment in paediatric cardiac surgery across ANZ.
Birth during off‐hours: Impact of time of birth, staff´s seniority, and unit volume on maternal adverse outcomes—a population‐based cross‐sectional study of 87 065 deliveries
Authors: Pfniss Isabella , Gold Daniela , Holter Magdalena , Schöll Wolfgang , Berger Gerhard , Greimel Patrick , Lang Uwe , Reif Philipp
Published: July 2022

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate whether time of birth, unit volume, and staff seniority impact the incidence of maternal complications in deliveries ≥34 + 0 gestational weeks.

Methods

We conducted a population‐based cross‐sectional study of 87 065 deliveries occurring between 2004 and 2015 in ten public hospitals in Styria, Austria. A composite adverse maternal outcome measure of uterine atony, postpartum hysterectomy, postpartum bleeding, impaired wound healing, postpartum infections requiring antibiotic treatment, sepsis, or maternal death was used to compare outcomes by time of birth, unit volume, and staff seniority. Based on delivery data, generalized estimating equations (GEEs) were used to calculate the risk of maternal adverse outcomes.

Results

Maternal adverse events occurred in 1.33% of deliveries. Incidence of maternal adverse events was highest for units with >1000 deliveries (adjusted OR 1.40; CI 95%: 1.16–1.69) and higher for perinatal centers (adjusted OR 1.35; CI 95%: 1.15–1.57) compared with reference units (500–1000 deliveries/year). Delivery during the daytime compared with the afternoon and nighttime did not affect the incidence of maternal complications (P = 0.765 and P = 0.136, respectively). Compared with resident‐guided deliveries, the odds ratio for an adverse event was the same when a consultant attended the delivery (adjusted OR 1.13; CI 95%: 0.98–1.30) but lower in deliveries managed by midwives only (adjusted OR 0.21; CI 95%: 0.07–0.64).

Conclusion

Procedures performed during the night shift were not associated with increased complication rates. Delivery volume and high‐volume centers were associated with the highest risk of maternal complications, and units with 500–1000 deliveries per year were the lowest. With increasing odds of pregnancy risks, these results change, and delivering in a high‐volume center becomes at least as safe as delivering in a smaller unit.
A new strategy to clarify the thickness effect on the fatigue crack growth rate in high‐strength steels
Authors: Li He‐Fei , Cui Zhao‐Jia , Peng Lin‐Kai , Liu Yong‐Qiang , Duan Shu‐Yong , Zhang Jian‐Chao , Yang Shao‐Pu
Published: July 2022

It is generally recognized that the fatigue failure of the cracked engineering components is a crucial issue, especially considering the sample thickness effect. Although numerous methods have been proposed, it is still unclear about the sample thickness effect on the fatigue crack growth (FCG) rate of metallic materials. Based on the plasticity‐induce crack closure and crack tunneling effect, we established an improved FCG model with a thickness factor T by the load analysis near the crack tip. The thickness factor could clarify the sample thickness effect on the FCG rate of high‐strength steels. Numerous fatigue data demonstrates that the improved model displays a fairly good relationship between the sample thickness and FCG rate. It would provide a new strategy to the FCG rate prediction of cracked structures through small size specimen.
Neuronal calcium sensor 2 is key to moulting and oocyte development in the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Zhang Lu , Cheng Xu , Tao Shuai , Peng Lu‐Yao , Zhu Zhen , Bao Yan‐Yuan
Published: July 2022

Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) is vital for signal transduction in many cellular events. Several Ca2+‐binding proteins mediate the transduction of intracellular calcium signals. The EF‐hand motifs containing neuronal calcium sensor (NCS) proteins are mainly expressed in the nervous system, where they have important roles in the regulation of a variety of neuronal functions. NCS1 has four EF‐hand motifs and well‐defined neuronal development functions in a variety of eukaryotes. However, NCS2 has only been identified in invertebrates such as insects and nematodes thus far. The functions of NCS2 remain largely unknown. Here, we identified an orthologous NCS2 in the hemipteran Nilaparvata lugens. Based on qRT‐PCR, this gene was found to be primarily expressed in the brain. Knockdown of NCS2 in each nymphal instar by RNA interference led to lethality and caused aggradation and disordered arrangement of lipid droplets in the ovaries and testes of adults, which were associated with the absence of mature oocytes in female ovaries and reduction of spermiation in male adults. Our findings revealed a novel function for NCS2 as a regulator in development and reproduction and suggested that this protein had an important role in modulating lipid droplet remodelling in ovary and testis of N. lugens adults.
Sugar content in infant formula: Accuracy of labeling and conformity to guidelines
Authors: Awad Rawan , Kowash Mawlood , Hussein Iyad , Salami Anas , Abdo Mohamed , Al‐Halabi Manal
Published: July 2022

Background

Infant formulae are a primary source of nutrition during the first years of life, to which sugars are frequently added. This may contribute to adverse dental health problems if consumed excessively when coupled with prolonged and nocturnal feeding habits.

Aim

To assess the amount and type of dietary sugars in commercially available infant formulae in the UAE.

Design

Sucrose, glucose, and fructose were measured in 71 different brands of commercially available infant formulae for retail sale in the UAE. Analysis was performed using high‐performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection. Sugar values were compared with the reported levels on the nutritional labels. A comparison between findings, product labels, and international standards for infant formulae was performed.

Results

Of the 71 samples, 23 had detectable sugar levels, varying between sucrose, glucose, and fructose. Ten samples were found to have sugars contributing to more than 5% of total energy intake ranging between 5.68% and 27.06%. All infant formula packages had carbohydrate levels mentioned on the labels, but very few mentioned the added sugar content.

Conclusions

Many infant formula products tested contained sugars that exceeded the standard recommended intake. Tighter regulations that monitor the amount of sugar in infant formulae and guidelines for comprehensive labeling systems are required.
Home‐based transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for high‐normal blood pressure: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wang Yu , Yang Jing‐Wen , Liu Jun‐Hong , Qi You‐Sheng , Tu Jian‐Feng , Tian Zhong‐Xue , Shi Guang‐Xia , Yan Shi‐Yan , Wang Li‐Qiong , Liu Cun‐Zhi
Published: July 2022

The authors investigated the effectiveness of home‐based transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) combined with lifestyle modification on blood pressure (BP) control and explored the feasibility of the trial design in this prospective, randomized controlled trial. The authors recruited individuals with high‐normal BP who had a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 120–139 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of 80–89 mm Hg, or both. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either lifestyle modification combined with TEAS four times weekly for 12 weeks at home (intervention group) or solely lifestyle modification (control group). The primary outcome was the change in mean SBP at week 12 from the baseline measurement. A total of 60 participants were randomized in a 1:1 ratio, and an intention‐to‐treat analysis was performed on all of the outcomes. The mean difference in the change in SBP for the intervention group (compared to the control) at week 12 was −3.85 mm Hg (95% CI: −7.58 to −.12; p = .043); for the DBP, the change was −2.27 mm Hg (95% CI: −5.76 to 1.23; p = .199). There was no difference in the proportion of progression to hypertension, quality of life, body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference. In addition, two participants reported TEAS‐related adverse events. The authors found a reduction in SBP control in the pragmatic, home‐based intervention by using TEAS combined with lifestyle modification in adults with high‐normal BP.

Trial Registration: The study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR 1900024982) on August 6, 2019.
A clinical evaluation of a permanent hair dye designed to reduce allergic contact dermatitis and hair damage
Authors: Draelos Zoe Diana
Published: July 2022

Background

Permanent hair dye is the most commonly used anti‐aging procedure used by both men and women. However, permanent hair dye can cause irritant contact dermatitis due to ammonia and allergic contact dermatitis due to paraphylenediamine (PPD).

Methods

This research examined an ammonia‐free and PPD‐free permanent hair dye in 50 ethnically diverse females 21–91 years of age who were current users of permanent hair dyes. Subjects were patch tested prior to dyeing. Two dye sessions were undertaken at baseline and 2–6 weeks post‐baseline depending on the dyeing habits of the subject.

Results

50/50 subjects successfully completed the study with no incidence of allergic or irritant contact dermatitis. After 2 dyeing procedures, the dermatologists rated an 87% improvement in hair shine, 90% improvement in hair color, 88% improvement in hair moisturization, 87% improvement in hair porosity, and 88% improvement in hair combability.

Conclusions

A MEA‐based ammonia‐free cream hair color without PPD or resorcinol was safe for use on the hair and scalp of females with diverse hair types and textures.
The history and pharmacology of buprenorphine: New advances in cats
Authors: Clark Terrence P.
Published: July 2022

Opiates have a long history of medical use as effective analgesics associated with well‐described side effects, including euphoria, respiratory depression, constipation, bradycardia, and histamine release, among others. The search for opiate analogs that retain effective analgesic qualities without detrimental side effects has yielded numerous compounds, including buprenorphine. Early studies of buprenorphine demonstrated analgesic effectiveness with a favorable safety profile, leading to the approval of formulations for use in humans. Since then, advances in receptor theory and molecular cloning of opioid receptors have led to a deeper understanding of buprenorphine pharmacology. More recent studies of receptor affinity and intrinsic activity have shown that buprenorphine is a μ‐ and κ‐opioid receptor agonist, a nociceptin orphanin peptide agonist, and a δ‐opioid receptor antagonist. Buprenorphine appears to have a primary spinal analgesic mechanism with complex supraspinal actions. It is considered a full agonist for pain but a partial agonist for other clinical endpoints such as respiratory depression. In feline medicine, buprenorphine is approved as low‐ and high‐concentration injectable solutions, in addition to the most recently introduced long‐acting transdermal formulation. Several investigational and compounded formulations have also been evaluated. There are contrasting differentiable features that include pharmacokinetics, onsets‐ and durations‐of‐action, routes of administration, and formulation constituents. Available buprenorphine formulations allow clinicians to select a formulation based on the anticipated duration of pain associated with various surgical procedures, and to provide interventions as needed. In light of the newly approved transdermal buprenorphine solution in cats and progress in buprenorphine pharmacology, the objective of this review is to examine the history and pharmacology of buprenorphine relative to full opioid agonists, where appropriate, integrating these insights into advances within feline medicine.
Computationally Efficient Simulations of Stochastically Perturbed Nonlinear Dynamical Systems
Authors: Breunung Thomas , Balachandran Balakumar
Published: July 2022

A probabilistic approach is needed to address systems with uncertainties arising in natural processes and engineering applications. For computational convenience, however, the stochastic effects are often ignored. Thus, numerical integration routines for stochastic dynamical systems are rudimentary compared to those for the deterministic case. In this work, the authors present a method to carry out stochastic simulations by using methods developed for the deterministic case. Thereby, the well-developed numerical integration routines developed for deterministic systems become available for studies of stochastic systems. The convergence of the developed method is shown and the method's performance is demonstrated through illustrative examples.
Viewing STEM Teacher Leadership Through a Communities-of-Practice Lens
Authors: Criswell Brett , Smith Wendy M. , Yow Jan , Lotter Christine , Ahrens Sally , Rushton Greg , Gonczi Amanda , Polizzi S. Justin , Barth Steve
Published: July 2022

In this chapter, we share findings from the collaborative Noyce teacher leadership project, and how communities of practice can provide a lens to view the development and support of teacher leadership activities and identities. With eight Track 3 Noyce projects collaborating to collect and analyze data related to Master Teaching Fellows’ (MTFs) teacher leadership trajectories and influences, we share findings from a variety of contexts. The research reported here centers on the following questions: 1) What are the key features of the Noyce communities of practice, and how do they impact the professional identities of the MTFs? and 2) What are the boundary objects and what are the natures of the border crossings that affect the transfer of meanings and practices between the MTFs’ Noyce and school external communities of practice (CoPs)? This chapter provides a series of vignettes to explore these questions in the context of different Noyce Track 3 MTF projects. The communities of practice allowed MTFs to grow together into professional identities as teacher leaders, and then to use the external Noyce communities of practice to in turn develop and strengthen their internal school communities of practice. This type of boundary crossing, bringing information from one community to another (including bridging research-practice gaps), became a central feature of the work of the MTFs. The chapter concludes with recommendations to various stakeholders for how they can best develop and support teacher leaders.
Taking the STING out of aging?
Authors: Foley John F.
Published: July 2022

By preventing STING activation, the transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ suppress cellular senescence.
Supplemental Material: The long-lived transcrustal magmatic systems of Southeast China in response to paleo-Pacific plate subduction, recorded by the Cretaceous volcanic sequences in southeastern Zhejiang Province
Authors: Liu Liang , Yang Jie-Hua , al. et
Published: July 2022

Table S1: Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating results of the volcanic rocks in SE Zhejiang Province. Table S2: Trace elements (ppm) in zircon from the volcanic rocks in SE Zhejiang Province acquired by LA-ICP-MS. Table S3: Major element contents (wt%) of volcanic rocks in SE Zhejiang Province. Table S4: Trace and rare earth element (ppm) analyses of volcanic rocks in SE Zhejiang Province. Table S5: Zircon in-situ Hf isotopic compositions from the volcanic rocks in SE Zhejiang Province. Table S6: Zircon in-situ O isotopic compositions from the volcanic rocks in SE Zhejiang Province.
Medication-related Medical Emergency Team activations: a case review study of frequency and preventability
Authors: Levkovich Bianca J , Orosz Judit , Bingham Gordon , Cooper D James , Dooley Michael , Kirkpatrick Carl , Jones Daryl A
Published: July 2022

Objectives

Despite recognition of clinical deterioration and medication-related harm as patient safety risks, the frequency of medication-related Rapid Response System activations is undefined. We aimed to estimate the incidence and preventability of medication-related Medical Emergency Team (MET) activations and describe the associated adverse medication events.

Methods

A case review study of consecutive MET activations at two acute, academic teaching hospitals in Melbourne, Australia with mature Rapid Response Systems was conducted. All MET activations during a 3-week study period were assessed for a medication cause including identification of the contributing adverse medication event and its preventability, using validated tools and recognised classification systems.

Results

There were 9439 admissions and 628 MET activations during the study period. Of these, 146 (23.2%) MET activations were medication related: an incidence of 15.5 medication-related MET activation per 1000 admissions. Medication-related MET activations occurred a median of 46.6 hours earlier (IQR 22–165) in an admission than non-medication-related activations (p=0.001). Furthermore, this group also had more repeat MET activations during their admission (p=0.021, OR=1.68, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.59). A total of 92 of 146 (63%) medication-related MET activations were potentially preventable. Tachycardia due to omission of beta-blocking agents (10.9%, n=10 of 92) and hypotension due to cumulative toxicity (9.8%, n=9 of 92) or inappropriate use (10.9%, n=10 of 92) of antihypertensives were the most common adverse medication events leading to potentially preventable medication-related MET activations.

Conclusions

Medications contributed to almost a quarter of MET activations, often early in a patient’s admission. One in seven MET activations were due to potentially preventable adverse medication events. The most common of these were omission of beta-blockers and clinically inappropriate antihypertensive use. Strategies to prevent these events would increase patient safety and reduce burden on the MET.
Hearing the shape of a quantum boundary condition
Authors: Angelone Giuliano , Facchi Paolo , Marmo Giuseppe
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we study the isospectrality problem for a free quantum particle confined in a ring with a junction, analyzing all the self-adjoint realizations of the corresponding Hamiltonian in terms of a boundary condition at the junction. In particular, by characterizing the energy spectrum in terms of a spectral function, we classify the self-adjoint realizations in two classes, identifying all the families of isospectral Hamiltonians. These two classes turn out to be discerned by the action of parity (i.e. space reflection), which plays a central role in our discussion.
PREDICTIVE CONTROL OF THE VARIABLE-ORDER FRACTIONAL CHAOTIC ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM
Authors: WANG BO , SAJJADI SAMANEH SADAT , JAHANSHAHI HADI , KARACA YELIZ , HOU DINGKUN , PI LI , XIA WEI-FENG , ALY AYMAN A.
Published: July 2022

Since ecological systems are history-dependent, incorporating fractional calculus and especially variable order ones could significantly improve the emulation of these systems. Nonetheless, in the literature, no study considers ecological processes by variable-order fractional (VOF) model. This study is motivated by this issue. At first, we propose to extend a predator–prey mathematical model with VOF derivatives. The underlying assumption in the proposed model lies in considering values of fractional derivatives as time-varying functions instead of constant parameters. Some system’s dynamic features are investigated, and then the control of the proposed system is studied. To this end, a nonlinear model predictive control is offered for the VOF system. The necessary optimality and sufficient conditions for solving the nonlinear optimal control problem in the form of fractional calculus with variable-order derivative are formulated, and the controller’s design procedure is delineated. Finally, numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the developed control technique’s effectiveness and performance for the VOF predator–prey model.
Exact Matrix Stiffness Method for Out-of-Plane Buckling Analysis of Funicular Arches Considering Warping Deformations
Authors: Zhao Chuan-Hao , Pan Wen-Hao , Luo Yao-Zhi
Published: July 2022

The out-of-plane buckling behavior of arches is closely related to the element torsional behavior. The traditional 12-degree-of-freedom second-order element stiffness matrix which uses a simplified element torsional stiffness GJ/[Formula: see text] (where [Formula: see text] is the shear modulus, [Formula: see text] the St. Venant torsion constant, [Formula: see text] the element length) may significantly underestimate the out-of-plane buckling loads of funicular arches. This paper presents a simple and effective exact matrix stiffness method (MSM) for the out-of-plane buckling analysis of funicular arches. The developed MSM uses a 14-degree-of-freedom second-order element stiffness matrix of three-dimensional beam-columns considering both torsion and warping deformations. The out-of-plane buckling analysis of funicular arches is performed by using the global structural stability stiffness matrix, which combines the transformed second-order element stiffness matrices. The proposed MSM with the exact 14-degree-of-freedom second-order element stiffness matrix for the out-of-plane buckling analysis is verified by comparing with some classical solutions of funicular circular and parabolic arches with box sections and I-sections. Further discussions show that the 14-degree-of-freedom second-order element stiffness matrix may be reduced to a simplified 12-degree-of-freedom form only by deriving the exact element torsional stiffnesses, which could be significantly larger than GJ/[Formula: see text] for members with large cross-sectional torsional stiffness parameters (especially open cross-sections).
Infrastructure Smart Service System Based on Microservice Architecture from the Perspective of Informatization
Authors: Lv Yanyan , Tan Wenken
Published: July 2022

With the rapid development of engineering information technologies such as building Information Model (BIM), geographic information system (GIS), Internet of Things, big data, and cloud computing, and the intelligent management of infrastructure will become an inevitable development trend. Microservice architecture, because of the service component and other related characteristics, using this architecture can build a high availability and low coupling application system, which effectively improves the service quality of the system, and therefore the microservice architecture has gradually become the flow software development architecture. Based on the research of infrastructure digitization and integration of construction and maintenance, this paper proposes the concept of infrastructure intelligent service system (is3) from the perspective of information flow, so as to realize the intelligent management of infrastructure. This paper is based on the system requirements analysis. The intelligent service system of infrastructure with microservice architecture is designed, and its performance is tested through experiment. The test results show that in the brain high development test, the designed service reached no error, and the average response day was stable below 27 ms; in the continuous high concurrent test, the average response time of the designed service side remained within 100 ms when the concurrency is 12000, and no request occurred during the test.
Suppression of Long Noncoding RNA SNHG1 Inhibits the Development of Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Increasing PARP6 Expression
Authors: Chen Qian , He Xiao , Li Bin , Chen Jingjing , Tang Xuxia
Published: July 2022

Purpose. This study aimed to explore the function and molecular mechanism of long noncoding RNA Small Nucleolar RNA Host Gene 1 (SNHG1) in the development of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC). Methods. Human HSCC cell line FaDu was used in this study. Cell viability and apoptosis were detected using CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell migration and invasion were measured by Transwell assay. The expression of PARP6, XRCC6, β-catenin, and EMT-related proteins (E-cadherin and N-cadherin) were determined using western blotting. Moreover, the regulatory relationship between SNHG1 and PARP6 was investigated. Furthermore, the effects of the SNHG1/PARP6 axis on tumorigenicity were explored in vivo. Results. Suppression of SNHG1 suppressed the viability, migration, and invasion but promoted apoptosis of FaDu cells in vitro (

P
<
0.01

). PARP6 is a target of SNHG1, which was upregulated by SNHG1 knockdown in FaDu cells (

P
<
0.01

). SNHG1 suppression and RARP6 overexpression inhibited FaDu cell proliferation, migration, and invasion (

P
<
0.05

). SNHG1 suppression and RARP6 overexpression also inhibited tumorigenicity of HSCC in vivo. Furthermore, the protein expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased and that of N-cadherin, β-catenin, and XRCC6 was dramatically decreased in HSCC after SNHG1 suppression or/and RARP6 overexpression both in vitro and in vivo (

P
<
0.01

). Conclusions. SNHG1 silencing inhibits HSCC malignant progression via upregulating PARP6. XRCC6/β-catenin/EMT axis may be a possible downstream mechanism of the SNHG1/PARP6 axis in HSCC. SNHG1/PARP6 can be used as a promising target for the treatment of HSCC.
Autoimmune Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: Pharmacological Differences and Similarities by Type of Myositis and by Sociodemographic Variables
Authors: Valladales-Restrepo Luis Fernando , Delgado-Araujo Ana Camila , Aristizábal-Carmona Brayan Stiven , Saldarriaga-Rivera Lina María , Machado-Alba Jorge Enrique
Published: July 2022

Objective. Autoimmune idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of pathologies that are generally characterized by muscle weakness. Their treatment involves glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants. The aim was to identify differences and similarities in the pharmacological management of a group of patients with autoimmune IIMs according to the type of disease, sex, age group, and city of residence in Colombia from 2020 to 2021. Methods. This cross-sectional study identified medication prescription patterns for outpatient use in patients with autoimmune IIMs between 2020 and 2021 based on a population database of 8.5 million Colombians affiliated with the Colombian health system. Sociodemographic and pharmacological variables were considered. Results. A total of 671 patients with autoimmune IIMs were identified, with a median age of 57 years, and 70.9% were women. Overlap myositis was the most frequent disease (31.4%). A total of 91.5% of the patients received pharmacological treatment, mainly systemic glucocorticoids (78.5%), conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) (74.1%), immunosuppressants (9.1%), and biological DMARDs (3.7%). Pharmacological management predominated among patients with overlap myositis, those who lived in cities, and those affiliated with the contributory regime of the Colombian health system. Conventional DMARDs were prescribed mainly to women and to those older than 65 years. Conclusions. Patients with autoimmune IIMs are not treated homogeneously. The pattern of drug use varies according to the type of IIM, sex, age group, city, and health system regime affiliation.
Urban Renewal Design Based on Integration of Database Information under Data Mining
Authors: Zhang Min , Lee Min
Published: July 2022

It is necessary to integrate the data reflecting the spatial organization and residents’ behavior characteristics in design of urban space renewal. Accordingly, based on the current principles of urban space design, a design platform for urban space renewal under the background of big data is proposed in this paper. Through the analysis of platform requirements and the design of organizational structure, the information integration of urban spatial database is mainly studied, where the database features are extracted through data mining, and the information entropy detection algorithm is used to implement data clustering, so as to rationally allocate urban spatial information and schedule resources and provide new ideas for urban design.
Perinatal Outcomes and Related Risk Factors of Single vs Twin Pregnancy Complicated by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhu Xiaofang , Huang Chan , Wu Li , Deng Yufeng , Lai Xuemei , Gu Huayan , Zhang Haiyan
Published: July 2022

Objective. Perinatal outcomes and related risk factors of single vs twin pregnancy complicated with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were clarified, providing evidence for developing preventive measures. Methods. The Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Biology Medicine (CBM), CQVIP, Wanfang, and PubMed databases were searched for published research on the perinatal outcomes and risk factors of single and twin pregnancy complicated by GDM from 2000 to 2021. The quality of the included literature was evaluated according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Meta-analysis of the included literature was conducted using RevMan5.3 software. Results. Relative to a single pregnancy group, infertility, gestational weight gain, and family history of diabetes presented statistical significance in the twin pregnancy group (

P
<
0.05

); gestational age at delivery, cesarean section, preterm

birth
<
37

weeks, and preeclampsia presented statistical significance in the twin pregnancy group (

P
<
0.05

); and neonatal birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA), neonatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoglycemia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and neonatal death presented statistical significance in the twin pregnancy group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Infertility, prenatal weight gain, and diabetes in the family are all risk factors for postpartum impaired glucose metabolism in pregnant women with GDM who are carrying twins. The gestational age at delivery, cesarean section, preterm

birth
<
37

weeks, and preeclampsia of twin pregnant women with diabetes will affect the perinatal status of twin pregnant women. Neonatal birth weight, SGA, neonatal asphyxia, neonatal hypoglycemia, NRDS, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal death, etc. should be paid special attention in the perinatal process.
Application of High-Efficiency Cell Expansion and High-Throughput Drug Sensitivity Screening for Leukemia Treatment
Authors: Li Lili , Wang Wenliang , Liang Li , Ge Jian , Xia Ruixiang
Published: July 2022

This study is to assess the clinical value of in vitro primary cell high-efficiency expansion and high-throughput drug sensitivity screening (HEHDS) system in leukemia, and we evaluated a cohort of 121 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 27 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using HEHDS. Bone marrow aspirates were collected from patients with leukemia. Purified leukemic cancer cells were obtained, cultured, and screened with a panel of 247 FDA-approved compounds by HEHDS technology. Ninety-six patients received HEHDS-guided therapy while 52 patients who were subjected to physician directed therapy served as controls. ALL patients who received treatment guided by HEHDS showed higher rate of complete remission (CR) than that of patients in the non-HEHDS group (90.91% vs. 56.25%). Similarly, AML patients received HEHDS-guided therapy were found to have greater CR rate, when compared with patients who received physician-directed therapy (45.88% vs. 25%). There was a significantly higher rate of CR in HEHDS-guided therapy group compared to the non-HEHDS group. The application of HEHDS could be beneficial for leukemia treatment.
PLCD1-Induced DNA Damage Inhibits the Tumor Growth via Downregulating CDKs in Chondrosarcoma
Authors: Shen Jiakang , Yu Chen , Wang Zhuoying , Mu Haoran , Cai Zhengdong
Published: July 2022

Purpose. Typical genes for the treatment and diagnosis of high-grade chondrosarcoma are still in need. Our study aimed to explore the PLCD1 function in chondrosarcoma for further treatment. Materials and Methods. Our study collected the information of 49 patients in our department. The PLCD1 expression in our cohort was detected and was compared with the TCGA database. PLCD1 knockdown and overexpression cell lines were established stably. Cell viability assay and colony formation assay were performed for cell proliferation. Flow cytometry analysis was performed for cell cycle and apoptosis. Western blotting was performed for PLCD1-related protein expression. Animal xenografts were established to verify the effect of PLCD1 in high-grade chondrosarcoma. Results. Compared with the TCGA database, the relation between PLCD1 expression and the malignancy of chondrosarcoma was demonstrated. A lower PLCD1 expression was detected mainly in high-grade chondrosarcoma. PLCD1 overexpression in high-grade chondrosarcoma suppressed CDKs/cyclins and induced DNA damage causing cell cycle blocking and apoptosis. Antitumor effect of PLCD1 overexpression was verified in vivo. Conclusion. Lower PLCD1 was expressed in high-grade chondrosarcoma. Overexpressed PLCD1-induced DNA damage caused cell cycle blocking and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. PLCD1 could be a novel target in high-grade chondrosarcoma for further drug development.
System Design and Engineering Implementation of Vehicle Transponder for A-SMGCS
Authors: Lin Lin , Zhou Yuefei , Liu Yinchuan , Liu Zhiyong
Published: July 2022

Global aviation transport industry has entered the stage of rapid development, and the air traffic flow is exploding at an incredible rate. The Asia-Pacific region is the core of the future growth of the aviation industry. The growth of the fleet is expected to reach 50%, especially in China. Nearly 4,000 new aircrafts are expected to be delivered in the next 10 years, with the fleet increasing by more than 100%. The practitioners of modern aviation regard ensuring aviation safety and improving the efficiency of aviation operations as two important themes to promote the surge development of aviation. To solve the effective surveillance, guidance, and control of flights and vehicles operating on the surface in complex airports, the global airports are recommending Advanced-Surface Movement Guidance and Control System (A-SMGCS) to realize the effective management of the airport scene and improve the safety of the surface operational capability. Airport surface security management objectives include aircraft, vehicles, and other moving targets, almost all aircraft has an operative transponder, and the vehicles need the similar function transponder to indicate its identification in A-SMGCS, so it can be guided effectively by a given procedures. This paper introduces a vehicle transponder system design from appearance structure and electrical performance and implements engineering modification on a vehicle. In an airport with A-SMGCS, two methods of fixed reference point and manoeuvre test are selected, and the performance indexes of the transponder are recorded and compared. Finally, it is concluded that the transponder meets the performance parameters specified by FAA technical standards; it can be used as a qualified vehicle transponder to provide vehicle positioning information for the A-SMGCS system.
Design of a Public Cultural Service System for the Elderly Based on Intelligent Computing
Authors: Zhou Qing , Xu Xiaofeng
Published: July 2022

Public cultural services for the elderly are part of the government-led public services for society in order to meet the needs of people’s spiritual and cultural life. As the global problem of ageing becomes increasingly serious, the problem of balancing the supply and demand of public cultural services for the elderly has become increasingly serious. How to realize a public cultural service system for the elderly with wide coverage and effective integration of resources has become a pressing problem to be solved. In order to solve the above problems, this article designs a public cultural service system for the elderly based on intelligent computing. Firstly, the problems that lead to the inefficient use of public cultural resources for the elderly are analyzed. Secondly, it attempts to introduce an advanced intelligent computing technology (Cuckoo Search) to build a three-dimensional public cultural resource sharing system for the elderly. Then, the standard Cuckoo algorithm is improved by using chaotic mapping and dynamic step size for the characteristics of public cultural services in order to improve the convergence speed and the accuracy of the search. The experimental results show that the designed system can effectively integrate the grassroots resources of cultural institutions such as libraries, cultural centres, and cultural service centres, verifying its effectiveness and feasibility.
Effects of Electroacupuncture on Gastrointestinal Motility Function, Pain, and Inflammation via Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 in a Rat Model after Colonic Anastomoses
Authors: Zhong Xuelai , Zhang Zhaodi , Li Jiaying , Liu Dandan , Ma Chao , Wang Guonian
Published: July 2022

Background. Complications after colon surgery are a major obstacle to postoperative recovery. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Zusanli (ST36) on gastrointestinal motility in rats after colonic anastomosis and the mechanism of transient receptor potential vanillin 1 (TRPV1) channel in regulating gastrointestinal motility, pain, and inflammation. Methods. The rats were randomly divided into six groups, including the control, model, EA, sham-EA, capsaicin, and capsaicin+EA groups, with preoperative capsaicin pretreatment and EA treatment at ST36 acupoint after surgery. Rats were treated using EA at ST36 or sham acupoints after surgery for 5 days. Capsaicin was intraperitoneally injected into rats 3 hours before surgery. Gastrointestinal motility was assessed by measuring the gastric residue, small intestinal propulsion in vivo, contractile tension, and frequency of isolated muscle strips in vitro. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) of abdominal incision skin and spontaneous nociceptive scores were observed and recorded in rats after colon anastomosis. The expressions of TRPV1, substance P (SP), neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), interleukin- (IL-) 6, L-1β, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α were determined. Results. Compared with the model group, electroacupuncture at ST36 point could significantly reduce the residual rate of stomach in rats after operation and increase the propulsive force of the small intestine and the contraction tension of the isolated smooth muscle. Electroacupuncture also increased postoperative day 3 MWT values and decreased postoperative spontaneous nociception scores. In addition, electroacupuncture treatment downregulated the expressions of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, TRPV1, NF-κB, SP, and NK1 receptors in the colon tissue of rats after colonic anastomosis. Conclusions. Our study showed that electroacupuncture at ST36 acupoint could improve gastrointestinal motility in rats after colonic anastomosis and relieve intestinal inflammation and pain. The mechanism may be to inhibit the activation of NF-κB and SP/NK1 receptor signaling pathways by inhibiting TRPV1.
Mild and Asymptomatic Coronavirus Disease in Children, Adolescents, and Household Contacts and Prolonged Viral Excretion
Authors: Machado Márcia Borges , Fajardo Thamirys Cosmo Grillo , de Oliveira Lourival Benedito , Quadros Junior Antonio Carlos de , Catalan Daniel Thome , Piovesan Karim Cristina , Garcia Maria Emília De Domenico , da Silva Maurício Feliciano , Dezena Rita de Cássia de Aguirre Bernardes , Passos Saulo Duarte
Published: July 2022

Problem. The clinical presentation of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in children remains controversial. This study analyzed viral excretion in children and adolescents with mild-to-moderate disease and their household contacts, who were treated in Jundiaí, Brazil between March and November 2020, before vaccination was available. Method. This was a prospective, observational, and descriptive cohort study. Nasopharyngeal swabs and blood were collected six times at weekly intervals. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) tests and immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA assays were used to test for COVID-19. Results. Overall, 419 children and 253 adults were enrolled. There was a significant correlation between qRT-PCR confirmation and the 1 to <5 years age group (

p
=
0.038

). Serology changes or recent infections were detected significantly in children <6 months (IgG,

p
=
0.006

; IgA,

p
=
0.001

) and >5 years of age (IgA,

p
=
0.040

; IgG,

p
=
0.031

). The mean and median time-to-positivity (using qRT-PCR) was 17 days, with a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 34. Among adults, the mean and median time-to-positivity was 12.6 and 9 days, respectively, with a minimum of 6 and a maximum of 45. Conclusion. Oligosymptomatic conditions may delay diagnosis and facilitate viral transmission. Pediatric-focused research is required, and specific protective measures for children <6 months of age should be considered.
Innovative Ways of College Education in the Period of Big Data and Mobile Edge Computing
Authors: Zhang Yuxin
Published: July 2022

The innovation method of college education refers to the development and innovation of college education against the backdrop of current big data (BD), with the goal of having a far-reaching impact on education. The goal of this paper is to investigate and analyze innovative college education methods during the BD and mobile computing eras, in order to find the best solution. This article begins with a general overview of the BD and mobile computing concepts. It then conducted a valid questionnaire survey on the current state of ideological and political courses in two colleges. This paper examines the data and identifies the issues that exist in the ideological and political education in colleges. Finally, it draws the corresponding countermeasures for the innovation mode of college education using BD’s statistical analysis. According to the results of the experiment, 7 percent of college students are more resistant to the ideological and political construction of courses in the current period of BD and mobile computing.