bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers in Different Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Álvarez-Sánchez Lourdes , Peña-Bautista Carmen , Ferré-González Laura , Balaguer Angel , Baquero Miguel , Casanova-Estruch Bonaventura , Cháfer-Pericás Consuelo
Published: January 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the primary type of dementia, followed by frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). They share some clinical characteristics, mainly at the early stages. So, the identification of early, specific, and minimally invasive biomarkers is required. In this study, some plasma biomarkers (Amyloid β42, p-Tau181, t-Tau, neurofilament light (NfL), TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)) were determined by single molecule array technology (SIMOA®) in control subjects (n = 22), mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCI-AD, n = 33), mild dementia due to AD (n = 12), and FTLD (n = 11) patients. The correlations between plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels and the accuracy of plasma biomarkers for AD early diagnosis and discriminating from FTLD were analyzed. As result, plasma p-Tau181 and NfL levels correlated with the corresponding CSF levels. Additionally, plasma p-Tau181 showed good accuracy for distinguishing between the controls and AD, as well as discriminating between AD and FTLD. Moreover, plasma NfL could discriminate dementia-AD vs. controls, FTLD vs. controls, and MCI-AD vs. dementia-AD. Therefore, the determination of these biomarkers in plasma is potentially helpful in AD spectrum diagnosis, but also discriminating from FTLD. In addition, the accessibility of these potential early and specific biomarkers may be useful for AD screening protocols in the future.
Ivacaftor-Mediated Potentiation of ABCB4 Missense Mutations Affecting Critical Motifs of the NBDs: Repositioning Perspectives for Hepatobiliary Diseases
Authors: Delaunay Jean-Louis , Elbahnsi Ahmad , Bruneau Alix , Madry Claire , Durand-Schneider Anne-Marie , Stary Anne , Housset Chantal , Gautheron Jérémie , Callebaut Isabelle , Aït-Slimane Tounsia
Published: January 2023

ABCB4 (ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 4) is a hepatocanalicular floppase involved in biliary phosphatidylcholine (PC) secretion. Variations in the ABCB4 gene give rise to several biliary diseases, including progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis type 3 (PFIC3), an autosomal recessive disease that can be lethal in the absence of liver transplantation. In this study, we investigated the effect and potential rescue of ten ABCB4 missense variations in NBD1:NBD2 homologous positions (Y403H/Y1043H, K435M/K1075M, E558K/E1200A, D564G/D1206G and H589Y/H1231Y) all localized at the conserved and functionally critical motifs of ABC transporters, six of which are mutated in patients. By combining structure analysis and in vitro studies, we found that all ten mutants were normally processed and localized at the canalicular membrane of HepG2 cells, but showed dramatically impaired PC transport activity that was significantly rescued by treatment with the clinically approved CFTR potentiator ivacaftor. Our results provide evidence that functional ABCB4 mutations are rescued by ivacaftor, paving the way for the repositioning of this potentiator for the treatment of selected patients with PFIC3 caused by mutations in the ATP-binding sites of ABCB4.
Minibody-Based and scFv-Based Antibody Fragment-Drug Conjugates Selectively Eliminate GD2-Positive Tumor Cells
Authors: Kalinovsky Daniel V. , Kholodenko Irina V. , Kibardin Alexey V. , Doronin Igor I. , Svirshchevskaya Elena V. , Ryazantsev Dmitriy Y. , Konovalova Maria V. , Rozov Fedor N. , Larin Sergey S. , Deyev Sergey M. , Kholodenko Roman V.
Published: January 2023

Ganglioside GD2 is a well-established target expressed on multiple solid tumors, many of which are characterized by low treatment efficiency. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have demonstrated marked success in a number of solid tumors, and GD2-directed drug conjugates may also hold strong therapeutic potential. In a recent study, we showed that ADCs based on the approved antibody dinutuximab and the drugs monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) or F (MMAF) manifested potent and selective cytotoxicity in a panel of tumor cell lines and strongly inhibited solid tumor growth in GD2-positive mouse cancer models. Here, we employed two different GD2-binding moieties–minibodies and scFv fragments that carry variable antibody domains identical to those of dinutuximab, and site-directly conjugated them to MMAE or MMAF by thiol-maleimide chemistry with drug-to-antibody ratios (DAR) of 2 and 1, respectively. Specific binding of the antibody fragment-drug conjugates (FDCs) to GD2 was confirmed in direct ELISA, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. Selective cytotoxic and cytostatic effects of the conjugates were observed in GD2-positive but not GD2-negative neuroblastoma and melanoma cell lines. Minibody-based FDCs demonstrated more pronounced cytotoxic effects and stronger antigen binding compared to scFv-based FDCs. The developed molecules may offer considerable practical benefit, since antibody fragment-drug conjugates are capable of enhancing therapeutic efficacy of ADCs by improving their pharmacokinetic characteristics and reducing side effects.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cell Wall Antigens Induce the Formation of Immune Complexes and the Development of Vasculitis in an Experimental Murine Model
Authors: Pérez-Noriega Flaubert Alexis , Salinas-Lara Citlaltepetl , Sánchez-Garibay Carlos , Torres-Ruíz José Jiram , Maravillas-Montero José Luis , Castañón-Arreola Mauricio , Hernández-Campos María Elena , Rodríguez-Balderas Cesar , Basurto-López Beatriz Victoria , Peñafiel-Salgado Carlos , Espinosa-García Ana Paola , Choreño-Parra José Alberto , Tena-Suck Martha Lilia , Soto-Rojas Luis O. , León-Marroquín Elsa Y. , Romero-López José Pablo , Castillejos-López Manuel
Published: January 2023

Tuberculosis (TB) of the central nervous system (CNS) presents high mortality due to brain damage and inflammation events. The formation and deposition of immune complexes (ICs) in the brain microvasculature during Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection are crucial for its pathobiology. The relevance of ICs to Mtb antigens in the pathogenesis of CNS-TB has been poorly explored. Here, we aimed to establish a murine experimental model of ICs-mediated brain vasculitis induced by cell wall antigens of Mtb. We administered a cell wall extract of the prototype pathogenic Mtb strain H37Rv to male BALB/c mice by subcutaneous and intravenous routes. Serum concentration and deposition of ICs onto blood vessels were determined by polyethylene glycol precipitation, ELISA, and immunofluorescence. Histopathological changes in the brain, lung, spleen, liver, and kidney were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Our results evidenced that vasculitis developed in the studied tissues. High serum levels of ICs and vascular deposition were evident in the brain, lung, and kidneys early after the last cell wall antigen administration. Cell wall Mtb antigens induce strong type III hypersensitivity reactions and the development of systemic vasculitis with brain vascular changes and meningitis, supporting a role for ICs in the pathogenesis of TB.
Serosal Adhesion Ex Vivo of Hydrogels Prepared from Apple Pectin Cross-Linked with Fe3+ Ions
Authors: Popov Sergey , Paderin Nikita , Chistiakova Elizaveta , Ptashkin Dmitry
Published: January 2023

The study aims to investigate the adhesion of a hydrogel made of cross-linked low-methyl esterified pectin to rat intestinal serosa ex vivo. The adhesivity of the FeP hydrogel, which was cross-linked by Fe3+ cations, exceeded that of hydrogels cross-linked by Ca2+, Zn2+, and Al3+ cations. The concentration of the cross-linking cation failed to influence the adhesion of the pectin hydrogel to the serosa. The mechanical properties and surface microrelief of the pectin hydrogel were influenced by the type and concentration of the cross-linking cations. Fe3+ cations form a harder and more elastic gel than Ca2+ cations. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed the characteristic surface pattern of FeP hydrogel and its denser internal structure compared to Ca2+ cross-linked hydrogel. The effect of the salt composition of the adhesion medium was shown since the FeP hydrogel’s adhesion to the serosa was lower in physiological solutions than in water, and adhesion in Hanks’ solution was higher than in phosphate buffered saline. Serum proteins and peritoneal leukocytes did not interfere with the serosal adhesion of the FeP hydrogel. Pre-incubation in Hanks’ solution for 24 h significantly reduced the adhesion of the FeP hydrogel to the serosa, regardless of the pH of the incubation. Thus, serosal adhesion combined with excellent stability and mechanical properties in physiological environments appeared to be advantages of the FeP hydrogel, demonstrating it to be a promising bioadhesive for tissue engineering.
The Local Activation of Toll-like Receptor 7 (TLR7) Modulates Colonic Epithelial Barrier Function in Rats
Authors: Estévez Javier , Martínez Vicente
Published: January 2023

Toll-like receptors (TLRs)-mediated host–bacterial interactions participate in the microbial regulation of gastrointestinal functions, including the epithelial barrier function (EBF). We evaluated the effects of TLR7 stimulation on the colonic EBF in rats. TLR7 was stimulated with the selective agonist imiquimod (100/300 µg/rat, intracolonic), with or without the intracolonic administration of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Colonic EBF was assessed in vitro (electrophysiology and permeability to macromolecules, Ussing chamber) and in vivo (passage of macromolecules to blood and urine). Changes in the expression (RT-qPCR) and distribution (immunohistochemistry) of tight junction-related proteins were determined. Expression of proglucagon, precursor of the barrier-enhancer factor glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) was also assessed (RT-qPCR). Intracolonic imiquimod enhanced the EBF in vitro, reducing the epithelial conductance and the passage of macromolecules, thus indicating a pro-barrier effect of TLR7. However, the combination of TLR7 stimulation and DMSO had a detrimental effect on the EBF, which manifested as an increased passage of macromolecules. DMSO alone had no effect. The modulation of the EBF (imiquimod alone or with DMSO) was not associated with changes in gene expression or the epithelial distribution of the main tight junction-related proteins (occludin, tricellulin, claudin-2, claudin-3, junctional adhesion molecule 1 and Zonula occludens-1). No changes in the proglucagon expression were observed. These results show that TLR7 stimulation leads to the modulation of the colonic EBF, having beneficial or detrimental effects depending upon the state of the epithelium. The underlying mechanisms remain elusive, but seem independent of the modulation of the main tight junction-related proteins or the barrier-enhancer factor GLP-2.
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the GRF Gene Family in Melastoma dodecandrum
Authors: Huang Jie , Chen Gui-Zhen , Ahmad Sagheer , Hao Yang , Chen Jin-Liao , Zhou Yu-Zhen , Lan Si-Ren , Liu Zhong-Jian , Peng Dong-Hui
Published: January 2023

Growth-regulating factor (GRF) is a kind of transcription factor unique to plants, playing an important role in the flowering regulation, growth, and development of plants. Melastoma dodecandrum is an important member of Melastomataceae, with ornamental, medicinal, and edible benefits. The identification of the GRF gene family in M. dodecandrum can help to improve their character of flavor and continuous flowering. The members of the GRF gene family were identified from the M. dodecandrum genome, and their bioinformatics, selective pressure, and expression patterns were analyzed. The results showed that there were 20 GRF genes in M. dodecandrum. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 71 GRF genes from M. dodecandrum, Arabidopsis thaliana, Camellia sinensis, and Oryza sativa can be divided into three clades and six subclades. The 20 GRF genes of M. dodecandrum were distributed in twelve chromosomes and one contig. Furthermore, the gene structure and motif analysis showed that the intron and motif within each clade were very similar, but there were great differences among different clades. The promoter contained cis-acting elements related to hormone induction, stress, and growth and development. Different transcriptomic expression of MdGRFs indicated that MdGRFs may be involved in regulating the growth and development of M. dodecandrum. The results laid a foundation for further study on the function and molecular mechanism of the M. dodecandrum GRF gene family.
Hyperforin Elicits Cytostatic/Cytotoxic Activity in Human Melanoma Cell Lines, Inhibiting Pro-Survival NF-κB, STAT3, AP1 Transcription Factors and the Expression of Functional Proteins Involved in Mitochondrial and Cytosolic Metabolism
Authors: Cardile Alessia , Zanrè Valentina , Campagnari Rachele , Asson Francesca , Addo Solomon Saforo , Orlandi Elisa , Menegazzi Marta
Published: January 2023

Hyperforin (HPF), the main component responsible for the antidepressant action of Hypericum perforatum, displays additional beneficial properties including anti-inflammatory, antimicrobic, and antitumor activities. Among its antitumor effects, HPF activity on melanoma is poorly documented. Melanoma, especially BRAF-mutated melanoma, is still a high-mortality tumor type and the currently available therapies do not provide solutions. We investigated HPF’s antimelanoma effectiveness in A375, FO1 and SK-Mel-28 human BRAF-mutated cell lines. Cell viability assays documented that all melanoma cells were affected by low HPF concentrations (EC50% 2–4 µM) in a time-dependent manner. A Br-deoxy-uridine incorporation assay attested a significant reduction of cell proliferation accompanied by decreased expression of cyclin D1 and A2, CDK4 and of the Rb protein phosphorylation, as assessed by immunoblots. In addition, the expression of P21/waf1 and the activated form of P53 were increased in A375 and SK-Mel-28 cells. Furthermore, HPF exerts cytotoxic effects. Apoptosis is induced 24 h after HPF administration, documented by an increase of cleaved-PARP1 and a decrease of both Bcl2 and Bcl-xL expression levels. Autophagy is induced, attested by an augmented LC3B expression and augmentation of the activated form of AMPK. Moreover, HPF lowers GPX4 enzyme expression, suggesting ferroptosis induction. HPF has been reported to activate the TRPC6 Ca++ channel and/or Ca++ and Zn++ release from mitochondria stores, increasing cytosolic Ca++ and Zn++ concentrations. Our data highlighted that HPF affects many cell-signaling pathways, including signaling induced by Ca++, such as FRA1, pcJun and pCREB, the expression or activity of which are increased shortly after treatment. However, the blockage of the TRPC6 Ca++ channel or the use of Ca++ and Zn++ chelators do not hinder HPF cytostatic/cytotoxic activity, suggesting that damages induced in melanoma cells may pass through other pathways. Remarkably, 24 h after HPF treatment, the expression of activated forms of the transcription factors NF-κB P65 subunit and STAT3 are significantly lowered. Several cytosolic (PGM2, LDHA and pPKM2) and mitochondrial (UQCRC1, COX4 and ATP5B) enzymes are downregulated by HPF treatment, suggesting a generalized reduction of vital functions in melanoma cells. In line with these results is the recognized ability of HPF to affect mitochondrial membrane potential by acting as a protonophore. Finally, HPF can hinder both melanoma cell migration and colony formation in soft agar. In conclusion, we provide evidence of the pleiotropic antitumor effects induced by HPF in melanoma cells.
Proximity Mapping of CCP6 Reveals Its Association with Centrosome Organization and Cilium Assembly
Authors: Rodriguez-Calado Sergi , Van Damme Petra , Avilés Francesc Xavier , Candiota Ana Paula , Tanco Sebastian , Lorenzo Julia
Published: January 2023

The cytosolic carboxypeptidase 6 (CCP6) catalyzes the deglutamylation of polyglutamate side chains, a post-translational modification that affects proteins such as tubulins or nucleosome assembly proteins. CCP6 is involved in several cell processes, such as spermatogenesis, antiviral activity, embryonic development, and pathologies like renal adenocarcinoma. In the present work, the cellular role of CCP6 has been assessed by BioID, a proximity labeling approach for mapping physiologically relevant protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and bait proximal proteins by mass spectrometry. We used HEK 293 cells stably expressing CCP6-BirA* to identify 37 putative interactors of this enzyme. This list of CCP6 proximal proteins displayed enrichment of proteins associated with the centrosome and centriolar satellites, indicating that CCP6 could be present in the pericentriolar material. In addition, we identified cilium assembly-related proteins as putative interactors of CCP6. In addition, the CCP6 proximal partner list included five proteins associated with the Joubert syndrome, a ciliopathy linked to defects in polyglutamylation. Using the proximity ligation assay (PLA), we show that PCM1, PIBF1, and NudC are true CCP6 physical interactors. Therefore, the BioID methodology confirms the location and possible functional role of CCP6 in centrosomes and centrioles, as well as in the formation and maintenance of primary cilia.
Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffolds Loaded with Bioactive Factors and Drugs for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Mo Xiaojing , Zhang Dianjian , Liu Keda , Zhao Xiaoxi , Li Xiaoming , Wang Wei
Published: January 2023

Nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) is similar to human bone mineral in structure and biochemistry and is, therefore, widely used as bone biomaterial and a drug carrier. Further, n-HAp composite scaffolds have a great potential role in bone regeneration. Loading bioactive factors and drugs onto n-HAp composites has emerged as a promising strategy for bone defect repair in bone tissue engineering. With local delivery of bioactive agents and drugs, biological materials may be provided with the biological activity they lack to improve bone regeneration. This review summarizes classification of n-HAp composites, application of n-HAp composite scaffolds loaded with bioactive factors and drugs in bone tissue engineering and the drug loading methods of n-HAp composite scaffolds, and the research direction of n-HAp composite scaffolds in the future is prospected.
Opposing MMP-9 Expression in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Head and Neck Tumor Cells after Direct 2D and 3D Co-Culture
Authors: Waltera Anna , Schulz Daniela , Schaefer Nicole , Stoeckl Sabine , Pion Eric , Haerteis Silke , Reichert Torsten E. , Ettl Tobias , Bauer Richard J.
Published: January 2023

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) respond to a variety of tumor cell-derived signals, such as inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. As a result, the inflammatory tumor microenvironment may lead to the recruitment of BMSCs. Whether BMSCs in the tumor environment are more likely to promote tumor growth or tumor suppression is still controversial. In our experiments, direct 3D co-culture of BMSCs with tumor cells from the head and neck region (HNSCC) results in strong expression and secretion of MMP-9. The observed MMP-9 secretion mainly originates from BMSCs, leading to increased invasiveness. In addition to our in vitro data, we show in vivo data based on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Our results demonstrate that MMP-9 induces hemorrhage and increased perfusion in BMSC/HNSCC co-culture. While we had previously outlined that MMP-9 expression and secretion originate from BMSCs, our data showed a strong downregulation of MMP-9 promoter activity in HNSCC cells upon direct contact with BMSCs using the luciferase activity assay. Interestingly, the 2D and 3D models of direct co-culture suggest different drivers for the downregulation of MMP-9 promoter activity. Whereas the 3D model depicts a BMSC-dependent downregulation, the 2D model shows cell density-dependent downregulation. In summary, our data suggest that the direct interaction of HNSCC cells and BMSCs promotes tumor progression by significantly facilitating angiogenesis via MMP-9 expression. On the other hand, data from 3D and 2D co-culture models indicate opposing regulation of the MMP-9 promoter in tumor cells once stromal cells are involved.
Are Viscoelastometric Assays of Old Generation Ready for Disposal? Comment on Volod et al. Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assays: A Primer on Legacy and New Generation Devices. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 860
Authors: Bareille Marion , Lecompte Thomas , Mullier François , Roullet Stéphanie
Published: January 2023

With the advent of new viscoelastometric hemostatic assay (VHA) devices, with ready-to-use cartridge reagents allowing for their use by people without special laboratory skills, the appreciation of the actual clinical value of VHAs in settings such as severe trauma, post-partum hemorrhage, cardiac surgery and liver transplantation still needs to be fully validated. While two of the newest versions remain based on a ‘cup and pin’ system (ROTEM® sigma, ClotPro®), two other new devices (TEG® 6s, Quantra®) rely on very different technologies: clotting blood is no longer in contact with the probe and challenged by oscillation of one of the components but explored with ultrasound exposure. A systematic literature search (including Sonoclot®) retrieved 20 observational studies (19 prospective). Most studies pointed to imperfect agreements, highlighting the non-interchangeability of devices. Only a few studies, often with a limited number of patients enrolled, used a clinical outcome. No study compared VHA results with conventional laboratory assays obtained through a rapid tests panel. Clinical evidence of the utility of the new VHAs largely remains to be proven through randomized clinical trials, with clinically relevant outcomes, and compared to rapid panel hemostasis testing. The availability of new, improved VHA devices provides an impetus and an opportunity to do so.
Correlation of Foraminal Parameters with Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patient with Degenerative Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis
Authors: Lin Yu-Tsung , Wang Jun-Sing , Hsu Wei-En , Lin Yu-Hsien , Wu Yun-Che , Chen Kun-Hui , Pan Chien-Chou , Lee Cheng-Hung
Published: January 2023

The relationship between quantitative anatomic parameters in MRI and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) before and after surgery in degenerative lumbar foraminal stenosis remains unknown. We included 58 patients who underwent transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for single-level degenerative disc disease with foraminal stenosis between February 2013 and June 2020. PROs were evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) for back and leg pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D). The foraminal parameters assessed using preoperative MRI included foraminal height, posterior intervertebral disc height, superior and inferior foraminal width, and foraminal area. The correlation between foraminal parameters and PROs before operation, at 1 year follow-up, and change from baseline were assessed. The associations between the aforementioned parameters were examined using linear regression analysis. The analysis revealed that among these parameters, superior foraminal width was found to be significantly correlated with ODI and EQ-5D at the 1 year follow-up and with change in ODI and EQ-5D from baseline. The associations remained significant after adjustment for confounding factors including age, sex, body mass index, and duration of hospital stay. The results indicated that in degenerative lumbar foraminal stenosis, decreased superior foraminal width was associated with better improvement in disability and quality of life after TLIF.
Visual Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of Traumatic Endophthalmitis Treated by Pars Plana Vitrectomy: 11 Years Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Hapca Mădălina-Claudia , Vesa Ștefan Cristian , Nicoară Simona-Delia
Published: January 2023

Aim: To evaluate the visual outcome of traumatic endophthalmitis and describe the risk factors associated with poor visual acuity and retinal detachment (RD) development over an 11-year period. Methods: Medical records of 34 patients with traumatic endophthalmitis who underwent PPV over a period of 11 years (1 January 2010–31 December 2020) were reviewed. We extracted details regarding demographic data, initial and final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) using a standard Snellen chart, wound and IOFB characteristics, ocular associated lesions, and treatment. The outcome was evaluated according to the final BCVA which was defined as poor < 0.1 or good ≥ 0.1 Results: Endophthalmitis rate was 29.8% in open globe injuries. The mean age was 43.6 ± 16.5 years and the majority of patients were males (32 out of 34, 94.1%). All patients received systemic (moxifloxacin) and intravitreal antibiotherapy. We performed pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in all cases. Poor visual outcome was associated with wound size ≥ 3 mm (p = 0.02), the association of IOFB (p = 0.016), and the development of RD (p = 0.00). The presence of IOFB (p = 0.01) and wound size ≥ 3 mm (p = 0.01) were statistically associated with RD development. After treatment, 47.05% of patients achieved final BCVA ≥ 0.1. Conclusion: Wound size ≥ 3 mm, IOFB and RD were risk factors for poor visual outcomes in traumatic endophthalmitis.
Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score for the Diagnosis of Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy in Thai Cirrhotic Patients
Authors: Thanapirom Kessarin , Wongwandee Monton , Suksawatamnuay Sirinporn , Thaimai Panarat , Siripon Napaporn , Makhasen Wanwisar , Treeprasertsuk Sombat , Komolmit Piyawat
Published: January 2023

The psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES) is the gold standard for diagnosing minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Screening for MHE is frequently overlooked in clinical practice due to time constraints. Furthermore, the simplified animal naming test (S-ANT1) is a new simple tool for evaluating MHE in cirrhotic patients. The purpose of this study was to standardize the PHES in a healthy Thai population, assess the prevalence of MHE, and validate the S-ANT1 in detecting MHE in patients with cirrhosis. The study included 194 healthy controls and 203 cirrhotic patients without overt HE. Psychometric tests and the S-ANT1 were administered to all participants. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze factors related to PHES results, and formulas were developed to predict the results for each PHES subtest. In healthy controls, age and education were predictors of all five subtests. The PHES of the control group was −0.26 ± 2.28 points, and the threshold for detecting MHE was set at ≤ −5 points. The cirrhotic group had PHES values of −2.6 ± 3.1 points. Moreover, MHE was found to be present in 26.6% of cirrhotic patients. S-ANT1 had a moderate positive correlation with PHES (r = 0.44, p < 0.001). S-ANT1 < 22 named animals detected MHE with a sensitivity of 71.2%, specificity of 65%, and area under the receiver operating curve of 0.68 (p < 0.001). In conclusion, Thai PHES normative data have been developed to detect MHE in cirrhotic patients who do not have overt HE. The optimal cutoff for detecting MHE in Thai cirrhotic patients was PHES ≤ −5 points and S-ANT1 < 22 named.
Relevance of Visual Acuity Measurement for Therapeutic Decisions in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Mathis Thibaud , El Ameen Batoul , Chaperon Mayeul , Serrar Yasmine , Devin François , Dziadzko Mikhail , Rezkallah Amina , Kodjikian Laurent
Published: January 2023

The aim of this study is to assess if the decision to retreat could be determined by anatomical criteria (mostly driven by optical coherence tomography (OCT)-guided strategy) rather than the gold standard (visual acuity (VA) and OCT) in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). A cross-sectional study of 142 eyes already treated for nAMD from September 2021 to December 2021 was performed. At inclusion, a first therapeutic decision was made based on the analysis of the OCT. This decision was then maintained or modified after being made aware of the patient’s VA. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. The OCT-guided strategy matched the gold standard for treatment decisions in 131 of the 142 eyes included (92.3%). The sensitivity and specificity of the OCT-guided strategy for the retreatment decision were 94.0% and 89.8%, respectively. PPV and NPV were 92.9% and 91.4%, respectively. Considering the treatment regimen, eyes followed under the Pro ReNata regimen showed better sensitivity (100%) and specificity (93.3%) than eyes followed under the treat and extend regimen (93.5% and 88.6%, respectively). Based on the findings of this study, the follow-up for selected patients with nAMD under anti-VEGF treatment could be monitored without regular VA testing with acceptable performance.
Basics, Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Management of Liver Tumor
Authors: Abe Hiroyuki , Kamimura Kenya
Published: January 2023

Liver tumors include both benign (non-cancerous) and malignant (cancerous) varieties [...]
From Bench to Bedside in Rheumatoid Arthritis from the “2022 GISEA International Symposium”
Authors: Vitale Antonio , Alivernini Stefano , Caporali Roberto , Cassone Giulia , Bruno Dario , Cantarini Luca , Lopalco Giuseppe , Rossini Maurizio , Atzeni Fabiola , Favalli Ennio , Conti Fabrizio , Gremese Elisa , Iannone Florenzo , Ferraccioli Gian , Lapadula Giovanni , Sebastiani Marco
Published: January 2023

While precision medicine is still a challenge in rheumatic disease, in recent years many advances have been made regarding pathogenesis, the treatment of inflammatory arthropathies, and their interaction. New insight into the role of inflammasome and synovial tissue macrophage subsets as predictors of drug response give hope for future tailored therapeutic strategies and a personalized medicine approach in inflammatory arthropathies. Here, we discuss the main pathogenetic mechanisms and therapeutic approaches towards precision medicine in rheumatoid arthritis from the 2022 International GISEA/OEG Symposium.
Frailty and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Scoping Review of Current Evidence
Authors: Fons Anne , Kalisvaart Kees , Maljaars Jeroen
Published: January 2023

Frailty is increasingly recognized as an important concept in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The aim of this scoping review is to summarize the current literature on frailty in IBD. We will discuss the definition of frailty, frailty assessment methods, the prevalence of frailty, risk factors for frailty and the prognostic value of frailty in IBD. A scoping literature search was performed using the PubMed database. Frailty prevalence varied from 6% to 53.9%, depending on the population and frailty assessment method. Frailty was associated with a range of adverse outcomes, including an increased risk for all-cause hospitalization and readmission, mortality in non-surgical setting, IBD-related hospitalization and readmission. Therefore, frailty assessment should become integrated as part of routine clinical care for older patients with IBD.
How Does Anxiety Affect the Relationship between the Customer and the Omnichannel Systems?
Authors: Khoa Bui Thanh , Huynh Tran Trong
Published: January 2023

Omnichannel is not just a marketing, e-commerce, or customer support buzzword. This future customer engagement platform helps businesses communicate with customers through centralized channels on a smart interface. It is difficult to achieve customer loyalty when the risk in online transactions, which creates anxiety, exists in all transaction processes in an omnichannel system. Hence, the purpose of this research was to analyze the influence of anxiety on relationships when clients purchase from an omnichannel platform using the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) paradigm. To fulfill study aims, qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to acquire qualitative data, while survey responses from 485 participants were used to collect quantitative data. This study’s results revealed relationships between consumer psychology factors such as perceived mental benefits, hedonic value, and anxiety. Moreover, customer anxiety in omnichannel can be measured as a novel and exact concept in marketing science and have a moderating role in the effect of perceived mental benefits on electronic loyalty and perceived mental benefits on hedonic value in omnichannel systems. As a result, enterprises were also offered various managerial implications to develop their omnichannel system.
Jointly Creating Sustainable Rural Communities through Participatory Planning: A Case Study of Fengqing County, China
Authors: Yan Jialing , Huang Yan , Tan Shuying , Lang Wei , Chen Tingting
Published: January 2023

Rural communities have long been overlooked since globalization and urbanization struck traditional rural values. Building a sustainable rural community has become a contested issue in academia, especially after implementing the Rural Revival Strategy. This research attempted to establish a participatory planning approach, which considers rural planners as the external impetus and local villagers as an internal driving force, to promote the sustainability of rural communities. Carrying on the theoretical framework of public participation, the researchers carried out a pilot practice in Hongtang Village, Yunan Province, China, where planners tried to reestablish the social relationship in a village by designing and building a rural yard. We do not solely finish the design, but also advocate, communicate, and work with villagers to activate the vitality of the village. The research argues that the focus of rural planning and construction in China is to develop a participatory planning approach, which is human-oriented and place-based. Planners, acting as an external impetus, advocate public participation in the whole planning process, including mapping, designing, constructing, and managing. We try to empower villagers themselves rather than impose. During this participatory planning process, villagers improve the quality of their settlements through continuous dialogue and cooperation, and the social relationships among them become enhanced. Thus, rural communities are restructuring in both environmental and social dimensions to promote rural sustainability. Additionally, participatory planning in rural areas is constantly correcting itself to be more local, scientific, and rational and become a more powerful protector and promoter of public interests in this process.
A Loosely Coupled Model for Simulating and Predicting Land Use Changes
Authors: Liu Jing , Hu Chunchun , Kang Xionghua , Chen Fei
Published: January 2023

The analysis and modeling of spatial and temporal changes in land use can reveal changing urban spatial patterns and trends. In this paper, we introduce a linear transformation optimization Markov (LTOM) model that can be exploited to estimate the state transition probability matrix of land use, building a loosely coupled ANN-CA-LTOM model for simulating and predicting land use changes. The advantages of this model are that it is flexible and high expansibility; it can maintain semantic coupling between the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Cellular Automata (CA), and LTOM model and enhance their functions; and it can break the limitation of requiring two periods of land use data when calculating the transition probability matrix. We also construct a suitability atlas of land use as the transition rules into the CA-LTOM model, taking into account the regional natural and socioeconomic driver factors, by exploiting the ANN model. The ANN-CA-LTOM model is employed to simulate the distribution of the three major types of land use, i.e., construction land, agricultural land, and unused land, in the Nansha District, China, in 2018 and 2020. The results show that the model performs well and the overall accuracy of the land use simulation was 97.72%, with a kappa coefficient of 0.962761. Furthermore, the simulated and predicted results of land use changes from 2021 to 2023 in Nansha District show changing trends in construction, agricultural, and unused land use. This study provides an approach for estimating a Markov transition probability matrix and a coupled mode of the models for simulating and predicting land use changes.
The Oral Microbiota in Valvular Heart Disease: Current Knowledge and Future Directions
Authors: Neculae Ecaterina , Gosav Evelina Maria , Valasciuc Emilia , Dima Nicoleta , Floria Mariana , Tanase Daniela Maria
Published: January 2023

Oral microbiota formation begins from birth, and everything from genetic components to the environment, alongside the host’s behavior (such as diet, smoking, oral hygiene, and even physical activity), contributes to oral microbiota structure. Even though recent studies have focused on the gut microbiota’s role in systemic diseases, the oral microbiome represents the second largest community of microorganisms, making it a new promising therapeutic target. Periodontitis and dental caries are considered the two main consequences of oral bacterial imbalance. Studies have shown that oral dysbiosis effects are not limited locally. Due to technological advancement, research identified oral bacterial species in heart valves. This evidence links oral dysbiosis with the development of valvular heart disease (VHD). This review focuses on describing the mechanism behind prolonged local inflammation and dysbiosis, that can induce bacteriemia by direct or immune-mediated mechanisms and finally VHD. Additionally, we highlight emerging therapies based on controlling oral dysbiosis, periodontal disease, and inflammation with immunological and systemic effects, that exert beneficial effects in VHD management.
Direct Mechanical Thrombectomy Versus Prior Bridging Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kolahchi Zahra , Rahimian Nasrin , Momtazmanesh Sara , Hamidianjahromi Anahid , Shahjouei Shima , Mowla Ashkan
Published: January 2023

Background: The current guideline recommends using an intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator (IV tPA) prior to mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in eligible acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO). Some recent studies found no significant differences in the long-term functional outcomes between bridging therapy (BT, i.e., IV tPA prior to MT) and direct MT (dMT). Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the safety and functional outcomes between BT and dMT in AIS patients with ELVO who were eligible for IV tPA administration. Based on the ELVO location, patients were categorized as the anterior group (occlusion of the anterior circulation), or the combined group (occlusion of the anterior and/or posterior circulation). A subgroup analysis was performed based on the study type, i.e., RCT and non-RCT. Results: Thirteen studies (3985 patients) matched the eligibility criteria. Comparing the BT and dMT groups, no significant differences in terms of mortality and good functional outcome were observed at 90 days. Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhagic (sICH) events were more frequent in BT patients in the combined group (OR = 0.73, p = 0.02); this result remained significant only in the non-RCT subgroup (OR = 0.67, p = 0.03). The RCT subgroup had a significantly higher rate of successful revascularization in BT patients (OR = 0.73, p = 0.02). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis uncovered no significant differences in functional outcome and mortality rate at 90 days between dMT and BT in patients with AIS who had ELVO. Although BT performed better in terms of successful recanalization rate, there is a risk of increased sICH rate in this group.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa Burdens on Mental Health: A Literature Review of Associated Psychiatric Disorders and Their Pathogenesis
Authors: Caccavale Stefano , Tancredi Vittorio , Boccellino Maria Pia , Babino Graziella , Fulgione Elisabetta , Argenziano Giuseppe
Published: January 2023

Skin, mental health and the central nervous system (CNS) are connected by a deep link. It is not only the aesthetic and sometimes the disfiguring aspects of dermatological conditions that can cause a severe psychological burden; also, different studies have shown how chronic skin-inflammatory diseases may influence the activity of the CNS and vice versa. Moreover, the skin and brain share a common embryogenic origin. Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting the hair follicles of the apocrine regions. The main clinical features are nodules, abscesses, cysts, fistulae and disfiguring scars. Pain and stinking discharge from fistulae are often present. It is not surprising that the psychological burden associated with HS is frequently a challenge in dermatologists’ daily routines. Patients often suffer from depression and anxiety, but also from substance abuse, psychotic and bipolar disorders and an increased suicide risk. The aim of this article is to review the main psychiatric disorders associated with HS and their pathophysiology. Research on Pubmed was conducted with the key words Hidradenitis suppurativa, psychiatric, depression, anxiety, bipolar, schizophrenia, abuse, suicidal. A high incidence of psychiatric disorders has been described in HS compared to controls. Hidradenitis suppurativa is not a rare disease, and acknowledging the HS psychological burden, psychiatric-associated diseases and associated biomolecular pathways will help dermatologists to better care for their patients.
N-Cyclohexylcyclohexanaminium {[acetyl(methyl)amino]methyl}bis [4,5-dibromobenzene-1,2-diolato]silicate(IV) 4,5-dibrobenzene-1,2-diol Ethanol Solvate
Authors: Kramarova Eugene P. , Dorovatovskii Pavel V. , Vologzhanina Anna V. , Korlyukov Alexander A.
Published: January 2023

An X-ray diffraction study of a transesterification product of N-methyl-N-(trimethoxysilylmethyl)acetamide by 4,5-dibromobenzene-1,2-diol was carried out. It was established that the coordination polyhedron of the silicon atom in an anionic complex is a distorted octahedron disordered due to the superposition of the Δ and Λ optical isomers. The presence of various hydrogen donor groups in bis(cyclohexyl)ammonium cations, solvent ethanol molecules, and non-coordinated 4,5-dibromobenzene-1,2-diol caused the formation of H-bonded chains, while dibromobenzenediol also took part in stacking interactions.
Interface Microstructure and Properties of Vacuum-Hot-Rolled 55#/316L Clad Rebars
Authors: Li Zhen , Zhuang Zecheng , Qian Xuehai , Xiang Yong , Zeng Lei , Tan Jianping
Published: January 2023

The existing process for the preparation of cladded rebars is too complicated for large-scale industrial production. Therefore, this paper proposes a 55#/316L rebar preparation method based on vacuum hot rolling. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composite interface of the rebar, along with the connecting technique, were studied using transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Vickers hardness testing. The obtained results showed that the minimum thickness of the 55#/316L rebar cladding was 0.25 mm, which was twice that of the M 329M/M 329-11 design standard used in the United States of America. Due to the diffusion of carbon, large numbers of second-phase particles were precipitated on the stainless-steel side, which resulted in intergranular chromium depletion. After multi-pass hot rolling, the minimum bonding strength of the composite interface reached 316.58 MPa, which was considerably higher than the specified value of 210 MPa. In addition, we designed three different types of rebar connection joints: sleeve, groove-welded, and bar-welded. According to the tensile test, the bar-welded joint had higher yield strength (385 MPa) and tensile strength (665 MPa) than the base rebar (376.6 MPa and 655 MPa), as well as a very high corrosion resistance.
Tuning Shear Thinning Factors of 3D Bio-Printable Hydrogels Using Short Fiber
Authors: Tuladhar Slesha , Clark Scott , Habib Ahasan
Published: January 2023

Among various available 3D bioprinting techniques, extrusion-based three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting allows the deposition of cell-laden bioink, ensuring predefined scaffold architecture that may offer living tissue regeneration. With a combination of unique characteristics such as biocompatibility, less cell toxicity, and high water content, natural hydrogels are a great candidate for bioink formulation for the extrusion-based 3D bioprinting process. However, due to its low mechanical integrity, hydrogel faces a common challenge in maintaining structural integrity. To tackle this challenge, the rheological properties, specifically the shear thinning behavior (reduction of viscosity with increasing the applied load/shear rate on hydrogels) of a set of hybrid hydrogels composed of cellulose-derived nanofiber (TEMPO-mediated nano-fibrillated cellulose, TO-NFC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and commonly used alginate, were explored. A total of 46 compositions were prepared using higher (0.5% and 1.0%) and lower percentages (0.005% and 0.01%) of TO-NFC, 1–4% of CMC, and 1–4% of alginate to analyze the shear thinning factors such as the values of n and K, which were determined for each composition from the flow diagram and co-related with the 3D printability. The ability to tune shear thinning factors with various ratios of a nanofiber can help achieve a 3D bio-printed scaffold with defined scaffold architecture.
Influence of Filler Type and Rheological Properties of Asphalt Mastic on the Asphalt Mastic–Aggregate Interaction
Authors: E Guangxun , Zhang Jizhe , Shen Quanjun , Ji Ping , Wang Jing , Xiao Yushuai
Published: January 2023

The asphalt mastic–aggregate interaction plays an important role in the overall properties of asphalt mixtures and their durability in service in flexible pavements. This paper aims to study the influence of the physico-chemical features of fillers and the rheological properties of asphalt mastics on the bonding behavior between asphalt and aggregate, and the interfacial deterioration mechanism when subjected to static water immersion and pressured water immersion. It was found that the filler type (limestone powder, basalt powder, and granite powder) had a certain influence on the complex modulus of asphalt mastics, and its pore volume and specific surface area had significant effects on the phase angles and permeability of asphalt mastics. The effect of water pressure can accelerate the deterioration of bond strength of the asphalt mastic–aggregate interface in the short term, indicating that the dynamic water pressure generated by the driving load promotes the water damage process in asphalt pavements. In comparison, the residual bond strength ratio of the granite–asphalt mastic aggregate was the highest, while its bond strength was lower than that of the interface between limestone–asphalt mastics and limestone aggregate. This demonstrated that a low asphalt mastic complex modulus and a high phase angle are helpful in improving the durability of asphalt mixtures subjected to static and pressured water immersion conditions.
Dynamic Stability of Tensegrity Structures—Part I: The Time-Independent External Load
Authors: Obara Paulina , Tomasik Justyna
Published: January 2023

The paper contains a parametric analysis of tensegrity structures subjected to time-independent external loads. A complete dynamic stability analysis is a three-step process. The first stage involves the identification of self-stress states and infinitesimal mechanisms. The next stage concentrates on the static and dynamic behavior of tensegrities under time-independent external loads, whereas the third is under periodic loads. In this paper, the first two stages are carried out. The structures built with the most popular tensegrity modules, Simplex and Quartex, are considered. The effect of the initial prestress on the static parameters and frequency is analyzed. To assess this behavior, a geometrically non-linear model is used.