bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Cross-Sectional Survey of Knowledge of Skin Cancer in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Atif Hend
Published: July 2021

Background: Skin cancer has become one of the world’s leading health problems, and incidence rates are on the rise. The leading causes of skin cancer are sun exposure, family history and sunburn, and the most agreed-upon preventative behaviors are sunscreen application and sun avoidance.

Objectives: This study assessed the knowledge of the causes of skin cancer and awareness of preventative measures in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 529 participants in a WhatsApp group over 3 months. Consenting participants completed a validated, 18-item questionnaire.

Results: Of 529 total participants, nearly 55% of participants reported an awareness of skin cancer, 35% understood its metastasis and 55.1% knew about its spread. However, 44% of participants were unaware of the different types of the disease. Social media was reported to be the most common source of information. The majority of participants were able to identify symptoms of skin cancer and had knowledge of risk factors. Most participants understood proper preventative measures, and reported that they use sunscreen regularly.

Conclusions: The general knowledge of skin cancer in Saudi Arabia is not high but is increasing. However, sun-protective behaviors are lacking, despite the population’s knowledge of the benefits. Awareness campaigns and incentive programs may encourage better preventative behavior. Future studies should explore participants’ awareness of more specific aspects of skin cancer using a more diverse and extensive population sample.
Entre la libertad de elección y las preferencias adaptativas. Reflexiones desde la teoría feminista
Authors: Di Tullio Anabella
Published: July 2021

En el presente trabajo propongo abordar el debate en torno a las preferencias adaptativas. Esta cuestión, analizada ampliamente desde diversas perspectivas feministas, es fundamental para comprender las discusiones y propuestas teóricas en el marco de los debates sobre la libertad de las mujeres. En este sentido, intentaré reflexionar acerca de la posibilidad de cuestionar algunas de las elecciones de aquellas personas que se encuentran en situaciones subalternizadas o de subordinación. Sin embargo, al mismo tiempo que propongo abordar el modo en que las preferencias son moldeadas por las opciones que tenemos a disposición (Hampton, 1993; Okin, 1996, 2003; Nussbaum 2002), pretendo no perder de vista los peligros que enfrentamos al poner en cuestión las expectativas, deseos y decisiones de las mujeres  y otres sujetes subalternizades (Jaggar, 2006; Phillips, 2009).
De lo privado a lo público: Estudio de las relaciones de género en el sistema patriarcal Fang de Guinea Ecuatorial
Authors: Nchama Pedro Bayeme Bituga
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo tiene el objetivo de llevar a cabo un análisis sobre las relaciones de género en el sistema patriarcal Fang, las cuales están marcadas por la diferenciación de los espacios privado (para las mujeres) y público (para los hombres). Para este análisis, se ha utilizado una metodología descriptiva, la cual nos ha permitido a través de la revisión bibliográfica, argumentar sobre la cuestión que aquí se aborda. Uno de los principales resultados de esta investigación está en haber puesto de manifiesto que la mujer Fang ha estado confinada en el espacio privado o la casa-cocina, donde servía para parir hijos y dedicarse al cuidado del hogar. Por esta razón, las mujeres se han revelado para despatriarcalizar esta cultura. En efecto, los logros obtenidos en materia de igualdad de género son insuficientes para una sociedad ecuatoguineana. No obstante, lo más importante es estabilizar lo conseguido sin tener que retroceder.
Buscando bajo las piedras: ¿Dónde están las referentes lesbianas del movimiento libertario español?
Authors: Hermida Martín Yanira
Published: July 2021

Pese a que el movimiento libertario sostuvo avanzados proyectos revolucionarios que modificaran la sociedad capitalista y burguesa, desde el estudio de su pasado en el estado español, se hace muy complicado encontrar referentes lésbicos y de mujeres bisexuales dentro del movimiento. Este texto plantea una primera aproximación desde la Historia y la configuración de identidades considerando esta cuestión como un debate pendiente desde la necesidad de construir nuevas subjetividades entonro a las existencias bi y lesbianas pensadas desde el anarquismo.
Mujeres al mando: Cuotas de género y representación descriptiva de las mujeres en América Latina
Authors: Slaviero Veronica
Published: July 2021

Este estudio aspira a dar luz sobre el impacto diferenciado de las cuotas de género en la representación política de las mujeres latinoamericanas. Para ello, se examinará la incidencia del marco electoral sobre la eficacia de estas medidas de acción afirmativa. A partir de indicios que sugieren que el diseño de las leyes de cuotas y la estructura de la papeleta de votación son factores determinantes para potenciar la capacidad de cuotas de género de aumentar la representación descriptiva de las mujeres en el tiempo, se analizará el contexto institucional de trece países en América Latina, a lo largo de sesenta y seis periodos legislativos entre 1991 y 2020. Los países seleccionados son Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Perú y Uruguay.

Palabras claves: América Latina, representación descriptiva de las mujeres, cuotas de género.
Reseña del libro Ilustres e ilustradas. Académicas de Bellas Artes (ss. XVIII-XIX) de Mariángeles Pérez-Martín
Authors: Solbes Borja Clara
Published: July 2021

Se reseña el libro escrito por Mariángeles Pérez-Martín Ilustres e ilustradas. Académicas de Bellas Artes (ss. XVIII-XIX)
México: el reto de ser mujer dentro de una estructura patriarcal
Authors: Martínez Rivera Fermina , Díaz del Ángel Emmanuel
Published: July 2021

En este artículo se aborda el tema de la incidencia del acoso sexual callejero como problema social; para dicha discusión, se realizó una revisión teórica de diversos autores que ahondan en la temática, además de consultar fuentes estadísticas para conocer el índice de acoso sexual en México, llegando a la conclusión que dicho acoso se ha convertido en una de las principales problemáticas que atraviesan las mujeres.

El acoso sexual callejero se ha convertido en un acto normalizado por la sociedad, donde las principales víctimas son las mujeres jóvenes y los principales perpetuadores de estos actos son los varones: para las mujeres, ser acosada mínimo una vez al día es algo habitual.

Las sociedades patriarcales consideran que estas manifestaciones de violencia son agradables, los varones consideran un derecho el acosar a una mujer, y se apoyan mutuamente en estos actos de poder y para eludir responsabilidades.
Ciudadanías movedizas: ciberpolítica y los dilemas de Twitter como esfera pública/privada
Authors: Acevedo Merlano Alvaro , Chamorro Muñoz Alicia Natali , Quintero León Margarita
Published: July 2021

El presente artículo propone una lectura de las ciudadanías digitales como movedizas desde una visión histórica y conceptual. Para realizarla, se desarrollan las siguientes partes: primero, una problematización sobre el concepto de ciudadanía digital desde una lectura crítica-histórica apostando por una comprensión compleja de esta que asume interacciones entre esferas públicas y privadas; segundo, tomando aspectos de la filosofía de la tecnología, analizamos la relación entre jóvenes y política a través de Twitter y, finalmente, una propuesta de la configuración de prejuicios y modelamientos que pueden darse en esta nueva esfera público-privada a partir de algunos aspectos vistos en la segunda vuelta de la campaña presidencial de Colombia en el año 2018. Una de las conclusiones a la que llegamos es que Twitter es una red sociotécnica que genera una forma movediza de conexión entre las esferas privadas y públicas, donde los jóvenes tienen agenciamiento y pueden generar procesos de resistencia a los modelamientos que las campañas políticas imponen.
Hvad retter de? Nyindskrevne studerendes revision af universitetsopgaver
Authors: Holsting Alexandra , Rathje Marianne , Svendsen Jesper Tinggaard , Lindø Anna Vibeke
Published: July 2021

I forlængelse af tidligere undersøgelser af nyindskrevne studerendes tekster, der viser, at de studerende laver forholdsvis mange fejl på det formelle niveau (dvs. tegnsætning, ortografi og grammatik), beskriver nærværende artikel et eksperiment, der har til formål at undersøge, hvad nyindskrevne studerende retter – og ikke retter – når de bliver instrueret i at læse korrektur på deres tekster. Vores konklusion er, at de studerende på et overordnet niveau kun får udryddet en mindre del af deres fejl, dels fordi kun en del af disse adresseres i korrekturprocessen, dels fordi korrekte former i nogle tilfælde rettes til ukorrekte, og dels fordi de studerende i nogle tilfælde tilføjer ny tekst, der indeholder nye fejl. Ift. hvilke sproglige niveauer der rettes med succes og det modsatte, viser undersøgelsen, at det især er fejl på tegnsætnings- og ortografiniveau, der er problematiske: Her rettes der forholdsmæssigt sjældent, og hvis der gør, er det ofte med nye fejl til følge. Modsat forekommer leksikalske og syntaktiske fejl forholdsvis sjældent, mens disse rettes relativt ofte. Resultaterne peger dermed på, at nogle fejltyper relativt nemt identificeres og korrigeres gennem korrekturlæsning, mens andre udgør større problemer og må adresseres mere målrettet i undervisningen. EMNEORD: sproglige fejl, ortografi, tegnsætning, korrekturlæsning
Temaredaktørens forord: Arktiske relationer
Authors: Jacobsen Marc , Pram Gad Ulrik
Published: July 2021

2021 bringer mindst to gode grunde til at udgive et temanummer om Rigsfællesskabets arktiske relationer. For det første er det 300 år siden, at Hans Egede gik i land på Haabets Ø – lidt uden for nutidens Nuuk – og dermed påbegyndte den kolonisering af Grønland, som stadig sætter rammerne for alle diskussioner af forholdet til Danmark. For det andet er det planen, at Danmarks, Grønlands og Færøernes regeringer skal blive enige om en fælles arktisk strategi i år.
Det samarbejdende Arktis
Authors: Winkler Thomas
Published: July 2021

Denne artikel handler om, hvordan et stærkt samarbejde i Arktis kan bidrage til at forhindre regionale konflikter. Med udgangspunkt i arbejdet med Ilulissat Erklæringen (2008) skriver Kongeriget Danmarks nuværende arktiske ambassadør om, hvordan Udenrigsministeriet siden da har fået et stadigt større fokus på Arktis i takt med den geopolitiske udvikling og det stigende behov for tæt kontakt med Nuuk og Torshavn. Dernæst redegør artiklen for, hvordan man definerer Arktis, hvem de relevante aktører er, og hvilke juridiske og organisatoriske rammer der afgør, hvordan samarbejdet i den nordligste region udfolder sig. Her er Arktisk Råd særligt vigtigt for at imødegå, at de geopolitiske spændinger påvirker udviklingen i Arktis negativt. Samtidig er det vigtigt at have effekterne af klimaforandringerne for øje, da påvirkningen af miljøet og menneskene i Arktis – herunder Grønland og ærøerne – har stor betydningen for livet i regionen. Samarbejde er vejen frem, når man skal håndtere de nye udfordringer og muligheder, da det fremmer den tillid, som er en central forudsætninger for den positive økonomiske og socio-økonomiske udvikling af regionen, som de fleste ønsker.
Divergent theoretical trajectories in Game Studies: a bibliographical review
Authors: Núñez-Pacheco Rosa , Penix-Tadsen Phillip
Published: July 2021

Video games have become important objects of study for different academic disciplines. From the birth of the medium in the mid-twentieth century to the present, video games have offered new and creative ways of approaching reality and fiction, and not only serve as entertainment, but also have significant cultural, social, and technological implications. The formal study of this medium is the purview of the field of game studies, which brings together the contributions of various disciplines. This paper presents a bibliographical review of several theoretical trajectories in game studies, reflecting on the relevance of early debates on narratology and ludology, and examining the ways these initial divisions of the field have branched beyond that debate. Over the past several years, the narratological line of critique has established links with other theories such as cognitivism, the theory of fictional worlds and the contributions of unnatural narratology to the analysis of new technologies; ludology, for its part, has grown through its adaptations to postcolonial and decolonial theories in cultural studies, as well as through its connections to critical race and gender studies. We conclude that as game studies has evolved as a discipline, its initial theoretical debates have undergone profound transformations that have brought depth to the analysis of games’ meaning and diversified to the tools and techniques we have for analysing games as digital and cultural artefacts.
Digital creation: possible (and achievable) futures
Authors: González Díaz Paloma
Published: July 2021

During the last year, science and technology have been playing an indispensable role in a difficult and complex context. All areas of our lives have been forced to adapt to digital processes at an accelerated pace.

Faced with an obvious economic and social transformation, we want to consider the state of culture and creation, one of the sectors hardest hit by the crisis. Specifically, we are interested in focusing on the particular situation of digital creation, devastated especially by the lack of protection and funding, by the closure of galleries and specialised spaces.

It is not a question of starting from scratch. Future possibilities must be presented as opportunities. First, by analysing what has been learned, experienced and discussed so far before and during the pandemic. From there, we must identify, on the one hand, the direct consequences of the pandemic, and on the other, the problems arising from the acceleration of the digital transformation. Especially in those aspects that allow us to relaunch and promote new lines of work, heterogeneous initiatives, or new methodologies while always bearing in mind that this knowledge and experience has to settle and survive under the rules of the digital economy. Both the creation and consumption of content requires new digital, communication, entrepreneurial and commercial skills.

Let us look for new perspectives, let us face the transversality that the hybridisation between art, science and technology can offer. Let us analyse and share with all those involved in all the creative processes and avoid going back into a loop. We are facing a complicated and risky, but exciting project. It is more necessary than ever to learn from mistakes, and to extract the value of certain experiences related to digital art. And, above all, let us not forget two of the most important components: to value the creators, to recover the public, and to attract those who have never felt attracted by these types of artistic practices. Let us look for and share the way to encourage and promote new contents and scenarios.
La toma de posesión: un acto protocolario adaptado al nuevo contexto
Authors: Estanyol i Casals Elisenda
Published: July 2021

El 24 de mayo de 2021 tuvo lugar el acto de toma de posesión del 132 presidente de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Pere Aragonès. Esta ceremonia, ya de por sí cargada de significado, revestía de un especial interés al producirse en un contexto de COVID-19 y también de fuerte convulsión política con representantes catalanes presos. Los organizadores y las organizadoras tuvieron en cuenta todos estos elementos en un acto protocolario al que se quiso dotar de un carácter sencillo, pero a la vez altamente simbólico por el momento historicopolítico en el que se produjo.
El ensayo audiovisual como forma de investigación en el contexto digital
Authors: Pujol Cristina
Published: July 2021

El auge del ensayo audiovisual, una práctica que permite reflexionar sobre la imagen desde la propia imagen, empieza a tener un impacto y una relevancia en las investigaciones sobre el audiovisual en el contexto digital muy estimulantes. Su heterogeneidad, libertad y voluntad de experimentación lo convierten en un formato alternativo al anquilosamiento de las descripciones y los análisis propios del paper y la crítica académica.
Asymptotic expansions for the first hitting times of Bessel processes
Authors: Hamana Yuji , Kaikura Ryo , Shinozaki Kosuke
Published: July 2021

We study a precise asymptotic behavior of the tail probability of the first hitting time of the Bessel process. We deduce the order of the third term and decide the explicit form of its coefficient.
Scattering effect of very low frequency transmitter signals on energetic electrons in Earth’s inner belt and slot region
Authors: Liu Yang-Xi-Zi , Xiang Zheng , Guo Jian-Guang , Gu Xu-Dong , Fu Song , Zhou Ruo-Xian , Hua Man , Zhu Qi , Yi Juan , Ni Bin-Bin ,   Department of Space Physics, School of Electronic Information, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China,   Key Laboratory of Space Weather, National Center for Space Weather, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China,   Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230026, China
Published: July 2021

Whistler mode very low frequency (VLF) waves from man-made ground-based transmitters in a frequency range of 10–30 kHz are mainly used for submarine communication, and they propagate primarily in the Earth-lower ionosphere waveguide and part of their energy can leak into the inner magnetosphere, leading the energetic electrons in inner radiation belt and slot region to precipitate into atmosphere and then affect the energetic electron dynamics in the near-Earth space. The scattering effects of artificial VLF signals from NWC, NAA and DHO38 transmitters on energetic electrons in Earth’s inner belt and slot region are investigated in detail in this work. Based on the quasi-linear theory and the Full Diffusion Code, we calculate the bounce-average pitch angle diffusion coefficients induced by NWC, NAA and DHO38 VLF transmitter signals, for which the resonance harmonics |N| ≤ 10 are considered, respectively. We further implement the one-dimensional Fokker-Planck diffusion simulations by using the available pitch angle diffusion rates to model the dynamic evolutions of energetic electrons caused by the scattering of the VLF transmitter signals in the inner belt and slot region in 200 d. The simulation results indicate that the NWC VLF transmitter signals are dominant in scattering ~100 keV electrons with pitch angles less than 60° at L ≤ 1.8, and the mainly scattered electron energy values increase with L-shell decreasing , from L = 1.8 to L = 1.5, the mainly scattered electron energy increases from 90–120 keV to 550–650 keV. The NAA and DHO38 VLF transmitter signals are important in scattering < 20 keV electrons with pitch angles less than 70° at higher L-shells (2.2 ≤ L ≤ 2.7), from L = 2.2 to L = 2.7, the mainly scattered electron energy decreases from 10–20 keV to several keV. The VLF transmitter signals are found to have a slight influence on the loss of energetic electrons with pitch angles larger than 80°.
Matrix-trapped viruses can prevent invasion of bacterial biofilms by colonizing cells
Authors: Bond Matthew C , Vidakovic Lucia , Singh Praveen K , Drescher Knut , Nadell Carey D
Published: July 2021

Bacteriophages can be trapped in the matrix of bacterial biofilms, such that the cells inside them are protected. It is not known whether these phages are still infectious and whether they pose a threat to newly arriving bacteria. Here, we address these questions using Escherichia coli and its lytic phage T7. Prior work has demonstrated that T7 phages are bound in the outermost curli polymer layers of the E. coli biofilm matrix. We show that these phages do remain viable and can kill colonizing cells that are T7-susceptible. If cells colonize a resident biofilm before phages do, we find that they can still be killed by phage exposure if it occurs soon thereafter. However, if colonizing cells are present on the biofilm long enough before phage exposure, they gain phage protection via envelopment within curli-producing clusters of the resident biofilm cells.
Highly localized intracellular Ca2+ signals promote optimal salivary gland fluid secretion
Authors: Takano Takahiro , Wahl Amanda M , Huang Kai-Ting , Narita Takanori , Rugis John , Sneyd James , Yule David I
Published: July 2021

Salivary fluid secretion involves an intricate choreography of membrane transporters to result in the trans-epithelial movement of NaCl and water into the acinus lumen. Current models are largely based on experimental observations in enzymatically isolated cells where the Ca2+ signal invariably propagates globally and thus appears ideally suited to activate spatially separated Cl and K channels, present on the apical and basolateral plasma membrane, respectively. We monitored Ca2+ signals and salivary secretion in live mice expressing GCamp6F, following stimulation of the nerves innervating the submandibular gland. Consistent with in vitro studies, Ca2+ signals were initiated in the apical endoplasmic reticulum. In marked contrast to in vitro data, highly localized trains of Ca2+ transients that failed to fully propagate from the apical region were observed. Following stimuli optimum for secretion, large apical-basal gradients were elicited. A new mathematical model, incorporating these data was constructed to probe how salivary secretion can be optimally stimulated by apical Ca2+ signals.
ERpred: a web server for the prediction of subtype-specific estrogen receptor antagonists
Authors: Schaduangrat Nalini , Malik Aijaz Ahmad , Nantasenamat Chanin
Published: July 2021

Estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ERα and ERβ) are responsible for breast cancer metastasis through their involvement of clinical outcomes. Estradiol and hormone replacement therapy targets both ERs, but this often leads to an increased risk of breast and endometrial cancers as well as thromboembolism. A major challenge is posed for the development of compounds possessing ER subtype specificity. Herein, we present a large-scale classification structure-activity relationship (CSAR) study of inhibitors from the ChEMBL database which consisted of an initial set of 11,618 compounds for ERα and 7,810 compounds for ERβ. The IC50was selected as the bioactivity unit for further investigation and after the data curation process, this led to a final data set of 1,593 and 1,281 compounds for ERα and ERβ, respectively. We employed the random forest (RF) algorithm for model building and of the 12 fingerprint types, models built using the PubChem fingerprint was the most robust (Ac of 94.65% and 92.25% and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 89% and 76% for ERα and ERβ, respectively) and therefore selected for feature interpretation. Results indicated the importance of features pertaining to aromatic rings, nitrogen-containing functional groups and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Finally, the model was deployed as the publicly available web server called ERpred athttp://codes.bio/erpredwhere users can submit SMILES notation as the input query for prediction of the bioactivity against ERα and ERβ.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli from Poultry Droppings in Nasarawa, Nigeria
Authors: Tama S. C. , Ngwai Y. B. , Pennap G. R. I. , Nkene I. H. , Abimiku R. H. , Jodi S. M.
Published: July 2021

Aims: This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance profile and extended spectrum beta-lactamase resistance genes of Escherichia coli isolated from droppings of from selected poultry farms in Nasarawa, Nigeria.
Study Design: Investigative
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Microbiology, Nasarawa State University, Keffi, between November 2019 and February 2020.
Methodology: A total of 90 samples from poultry droppings were collected from selected farms. Escherichia coli was isolated from the samples using standard cultural and microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentrations were evaluated as described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) production in E. coli isolates was carried out using double disc synergy test.  In addition, molecular detection of ESBL genes was carried out using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method.
Results: The prevalence of E. coli was 100%. Antibiotic resistances of E. coli were recorded as follows: streptomycin (S: 94.4%), sulphamethoxazole / trimethoprim (SXT: 90.0%), ampicillin (AMP: 88.9%), gentamicin (CN: 68.9%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC: 55.6%), ciprofloxacin (CIP: 41.1%), cefoxitin (FOX: 35.6%), ceftazidime (CAZ: 34.4%), cefotaxime (CTX: 22.2%), and imipenems (IPM: 17.8%). The most common antibiotic resistant resistance phenotype was AMP-CTX-CAZ-CIP-CN (11.1%). Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) was observed in 97.7% (88/90) of the isolates, with the common MAR index being 0.5 (33.3%). Twenty five of the thirty beta-lactam resistant isolates (83.3%) were confirmed ESBL producers. The 25 ESBL positive isolates carried bla genes as follows: blaTEM (11/25, 44.0%) and blaCTX-M (18/25, 72.0%). blaSHV was not found in any isolate.
Conclusion: E. coli isolated from the droppings of selected poultry farms in Nasarawa were less resistant to imipenem, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefoxitin in the study location. This implies that the antibiotics are useful in the treatment of infection caused by E. coli. Also, ESBL-positive E. coli isolates harbored ESBL genes, with blaCTX-M as the most common.
On The Transmuted Powered Moment Exponential Distribution
Authors: Iqbal Zafar , Rashad Muhammad , Razaq Abdur , Salman Muhammad , Javed Afsheen
Published: July 2021

We introduce a new class of lifetime models called the transmuted powered moment exponential distribution. More specifically, the transmuted powered moment exponential distribution covers several new distributions. Survival analysis including survival function, hazard rate function and other related measures are computed. Analytical expressions for various mathematical properties of TPMED including rth moment, quantile function, inequality measures, and parameters are estimated by using maximum likelihood estimation and order statistics are also derived. A simulation study of the proposed distribution is performed. It is discovered that the Maximum Likelihood Estimators are consistent since the bias and Mean Square Error approach to zero when the sample size increases. The usefulness of the model associated with this distribution is illustrated by two real data sets and the new model provides a better fit than the models provided in literature.
Guidewire for Retrograde Passive Dilatation of Ureter in Pediatric Patients with Urolithiasis: A Novel Technique from a Tertiary Center in Nepal
Authors: Bajracharya Uspal Bahadur , Sah Anil Kumar , Pandit Rajeev Kumar , Shrestha Guna Kumar
Published: July 2021

Objective of the Study: We sought to evaluate the role of guidewire placement as ureteral stent in passive ureteral dilatation for uretero-renoscope negotiation in pediatric patients.

Study Designs: This was a prospective cross-sectional study.

Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Urology, Manmohan Memorial Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal, (December 2019 to November 2020).

Methodology: All pediatric patients (<18 years) diagnosed with more than 6mm size of distal ureter stone undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy under general anesthesia in which ureteroscope (4.5/6.5 Fr) negotiation and double J (DJ) ureteral stent (4 Fr) insertion could not be successful in first sitting were selected for the study. Data collection included demographics, clinical parameters, and perioperative and postoperative complications of those patients undergoing preoperative ureteral stenting with guidewire for 2 weeks for ureteroscopic management of ureteric stone after removal of guidewire. The statistical analysis of data was done using Microsoft Excel.

Results: A total of 12 (41 %) cases underwent passive dilatation of ureter with guidewire. The mean age of the patients and mean stone size were 8.42 ± 1.7 years and 6.1 ±0.65mm respectively. None of the patients developed intraoperative and postoperative complications related to the procedure.

Conclusion: Guidewire placement as ureteral stent for 2 weeks would result sufficient passive ureteral dilatation for the ureteroscope negotiation without any complication. PUD with guidewire is safe and effective. Additional research is necessary to determine whether the findings will be similar or not.
Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus on Paper Currency Notes
Authors: Marasini Rikhi Ram , Shrestha Pratikshya , Dhakal Prabhat , Shrestha Sukra Raj , Adhikari Sirjana , Sharma Binita Koirala
Published: July 2021

The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in paper currency. The paper currencies in circulation in Pokhara Metropolitan City were inspected. Bills of various denominations (Rs 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500 and 1000) were collected from five different locations; namely Food and Vegetable Shop, Bus conductor, Hospital Pharmacy, Butcher Shop and Grocery Shop. Collected sample were cultured and incubated for 24 hours at 37 oC in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) Broth. The inoculums were further cultured on Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) and Blood Agar (BA) media to obtain colonies, which were examined and evaluated for various parameters like gram staining and biochemical tests for identification. Then, antibiotic susceptibility test of the isolates was performed using standard procedures. A total of 35 sample of paper currency were processed, all of which showed positive growth. Out of 86 total isolates, 21 (24.42%) were Staphylococcus aureus followed by Coagulase Negative Staphylococci 19 (22.09%), Diptheroids 14 (16.3%), Bacillus spp 13 (15.11%), Micrococci 9 (10.46%), Streptococcus pneumonia 4 (4.65%), Viridans Streptococcus 4 (4.65%) and Streptococcus pyogenes 2 (2.32%). The total prevalence of MRSA in this study was 7 (33.33%). Paper currency contaminated with MRSA poses a high threat to those handling the bills as well as the community. Thus, this study suggests proper hygiene measures to be adopted after handling of paper currency to minimize the risk of contamination and emergence of diseases.
Mycorrhizal Status of Natural Stands of Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae) in Sudanian and Guinean Zones of West Africa
Authors: ALABA Pyoabalo , ABOTSI Komla Elikplim , ADJONOU Kossi , SEGLA Kossi Novinyo , KOKUTSE Adzo Dzifa , KOKOU Kouami
Published: July 2021

Background and Aims: The sylviculture of Pterocarpus erinaceus is still in its infancy due to lack of information on its biology. The aim of this study is to investigate its mycorrhizal status in order to better address its sylviculture.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was performed on the field from May 2019 to December 2020 and data were analyzed at the laboratory from January to March 2021.

Methodology: The frequency and intensity of mycorrhization were determined under a microscope after staining with trypan blue of fine roots collected at a depth of 20 cm under adult plants at 5 sites, 3 in the Guinean zone and 2 in the Sudanian zone in Togo. The spore density was obtained on soil samples taken at the same depth under the same trees.

Results: Results indicate, without significant differences (P value = 0.166) among sites, and show that P. erinaceus is frequently mycorrhized (88% to 94%). However, there were significant differences (P value = 0.001) in spore densities between sites located in the Sudanian zone (16.53 ± 1.25 and 10.66 ± 0.71 spores per gram of soil – SPGS – respectively for the Fazao-Malfakassa and Oti-Kéran-Mandouri) and those located in the Guinean zone (4.54 ± 0.3, 2.93 ± 0.43 and 3.76 ± 1.01 SPGS respectively at Abdoulaye, Hahomegbe and Togodo). There are significant differences between mycorrhization intensities Togodo which has a mycorhization intensity of 33.52 ± 2.54   and other sites. The redundancy analysis carried out by taking into account substrates’  chemical characteristics shows that spore density remains low when phosphorus and nitrogen are important in the rhizosphere whereas the intensity of mycorhizations is low when PHKCl is high.

Conclusion: This study provided evidence of mycorrhizal symbiosis in Pterocarpus erinaceus whether in the Sudanian or Guinean zone. Chemical quality of the growing substrate has an influence on parameters of mychorization. Further studies should therefore allow an assessment of the degree of dependence of this species with respect to the possible benefits associated with this symbiosis.
Cord Blood Haematological Profiling Study: Predictive Markers of Neonatal Health Status at Birth in Anyigba, North Central Nigeria
Authors: Akor Shedrack Egbunu , Musa Dickson Achimugu , Akogu S. P. O. , Matthew Akpa , Funmilola Adeyemi Alapo , Onoja Patience , Adegboro Boaz , Abah Samuel Eneọjọ
Published: July 2021

Background: Neonatal mortality refers to the death of a live-born babies within the first 28 days of life remains a global public health challenge. Cord blood being the medium of communication, transmission of nutrients and wastes between mothers and fetus can reflect the health status of baby at birth if properly utilized. Owing to multiple factors involved in neonatal mortality, this study used umbilical cord blood haematological parameters to ascertain the health status of neonates at birth, the aim of this study is to use umbilical cord blood haematological parameters for management of neonates at birth.

Methodology: This research is a cross-sectional study carried out at the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Medical Laboratory Department, Kogi State University Teaching Hospital, Anyigba, North Central Nigeria between January, and December, 2020.  Cord blood from 164 babies delivered in Kogi State University Teaching Hospital, Grimard Catholic Hospital, and Amazing Grace Hospital between January and December, 2020 were analyzed for haematological parameters using Sysmex XP-300 automated haematology analyzer. The data obtained were expressed as mean ±standard deviation using SPSS statistical software, version 23.0. The indicator level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05.

Results: The results showed significant increase (p<0.05) of WBC, RBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC in unstable babies compared to the stable babies, significant decrease (p<0.05) in the platelets, neutrophil and mixed among unstable babies compared to the stable babies, but no significant difference in PCV,  haemoglobin and lymphocyte counts of both stable and unstable babies. The results also demonstrated 25 deaths per 1000 live newborn neonates within 48hour during the period of study.

Conclusion: This study shows that cord blood haematological parameters at birth can be used to ascertain the health status of neonates.
Antibiogram of Methicillin Resistant Staphyloccocus aureus solated from Nasal Carriage of Some University Students of Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Oparaodu U. , Odu N. N. , Uzah G. A.
Published: July 2021

Staphylococcus aureus is ubiquitous, and highly adaptive pathogen that colonizes the skin and mucous membrane of the anterior nares, MRSA most often causes skin infections. In some cases, it causes pneumonia (lung infection) and other infections. If left untreated, MRSA infections can become severe and cause sepsis—the body's extreme response to an infection.Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the antibiogram of Methicillin ResistantStaphylococcus aureus from nasal carriage of Students in Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. Fifty (50) Nasal swab samples were collected using standard method, from the anterior nares of 25 male and 25 female students of Rivers State University using sterile cotton swabs and examined for Staphylococcus aureus using standard bacteriological methods. Staphylococcus aureus isolated were screened for methicillin resistance and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Methicillin resistance Staphylococcus using 8 different antibiotics such as Augmentin (30 µg), Ceftriaxone (30 µg), Gentamicin (10 µg), Cefuroxime (5 µg, Ofloxacin (5 µg), Erythromycin (5 µg), Cloxacillin (30 µg), Ceptazidime (30 µg were carried out using Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion technique, Data obtained were analysed using SPSS version 20. The results of the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, among students showed that out the 50 samples 48 (96%) were positive of S. aureus, with male having the 25 (52%) while female had 23 (48%). The responses of Staphylococcus aureus isolated showed that methicillin susceptible S. aureus (75.44%) were significantly (p<0.05 higher than ethicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) which were14.03% and methicillin intermediate S. aureus (MISA) which were 10.53% The results of me a gene screening revealed that all the (8) methicillin resistant S. aureus isolated posses mec A gene. Five Out of the eight (8) oral antibiotics tested against the methicillin resistant S. aureus showed some degree of susceptibility in the range of Ceftriaxone (37.5%), Erythromycin (50%), Cefuroxime (50%) < Ofloxacin (62.5%). The high prevalence of S. aureus (96%) isolated from nose of students between the age of 17 to 30 in this study indicated serious public health risk among students and the percentage of resistance of Methicillin Resistance S aureus to commonly uses antibiotics calls for continuous surveillance, therefore screening of target population, and decolonization of carriers should be conducted to decrease the spread and burden of drug resistant S. aureus and MRSA in schools and the community at large.
Effectiveness of Healthcare and Fitness Influencers during COVID Times
Authors: Roy Tushar Kumar , Mehendale Smita
Published: July 2021

Influencer marketing has played a significant role in marketing to present its products on a digital platform. In this study, we are trying to gauge the effectiveness of healthcare and fitness influencers on Instagram. More specifically, the researchers are trying to find how the one-way interaction and the influencer's credibility are related to purchasing intention. Also, the researchers are trying to find the indirect relationship between purchase intention and social attractiveness, physical attractiveness, and attitude homophily. The researchers have used a linear regression process to analyse the data. This research paper studied the effect on purchase intention due to both source credibility and PSI. We also found the indirect relationship between purchase intention and attitude homophily, physical attractiveness and social attractiveness. Again, these outcomes will benefit both the companies and the bloggers to gain a competitive advantage over other market players. In this research paper, we have studied the consumer buying behaviour of a  particular segment (healthcare and fitness) on Instagram. Also, our respondents are located in various parts of India. Due to these reasons, the researcher cannot generalize their results to other media platforms and other segments. The authors find that the source's credibility has a greater impact on purchase intention than a single source of interaction between the user and the influencer. Both credibility and Para social interaction displayed a positive relationship to purchase intention.
Evaluation of Nutritional and Functional Properties of Squash Pulp Powder from Cameroon and Squash Base Biscuit
Authors: Adelaïde Demasse Mawamba , Vanissa Assonfack , Vanessa Boudjeka Guenkam , William Djeukeu Asongni , Fabien Dongho Dongmo Fabrice , Inocent Gouado
Published: July 2021

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and functional properties of powder from 2 Cameroonians squash pulp species (Cucurbita moschata Yellow and Orange pulp, and Cucurbita pepo orange pulp) and squash pulp-base biscuit to promote the integration of squash in the diet to help fight against micronutrient deficiencies and non-communicable diseases

Methodology: The squash were cleaned and the pulp was blanched in boiling water for 3 minutes and dried at 60 °C for 24 h. The dried pulp was then finely crushed and sieved to obtain the powder. The proximal composition, the levels of macronutrients, vitamin C, carotenoids and minerals were determined as well as the functional properties. The powder sample with the highest carotenoid content was substituted by wheat flour in the proportions 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% for the biscuit formulation. Sensory properties (color, taste and overall acceptability) and total carotenoids content of the biscuit were then evaluated.

Results: The nutrient contents per 100g of powder were 1.65g, 6.38-23.36 mg, 15.70-20.54 mg, 102.56-119.65 mg respectively for crude fibers, total carotenoids, vitamin C and potassium. Water absorption capacity (WAC), Water holding capacity (WHC) and oil holding capacity (OHC) varied from 7.50-8.25, 3.35-6.05 and 1.02-2.04 respectively. Values of swelling capacity (SC) and water solubility index (WSI) varied from 119-140 and 15-17.63, 314-348 and 22.33-24.9, 388-459 and 35.08-38.75 at room temperature, 65°C and 95°C respectively. Sensory analysis of the biscuits showed that the biscuit made with 10% of squash powder was the most appreciated and contained 2.29 mg/100g of total carotenoids.

Conclusion: Regular consumption of these Cameroonians squash pulp powder or foods formulated with them could help to combat nutritional disease.
Hidrocidadania, redes digitais e a redescoberta dos rios e córregos de São Paulo // Hydro-citizenship, digital networks and the rediscovery the rivers and streams of São Paulo
Authors: Melo da Silva Dayana K.
Published: July 2021

o objetivo deste artigo é investigar o papel dos dispositivos e arquiteturas digitais e em rede utilizadas pelos coletivos que atuam no processo de redescoberta dos rios e córregos canalizados e enterrados na cidade de São Paulo. O método adotado é a observação etnográfica no ambiente digital, cuja abordagem permitiu o mapeamento e a descrição do fenômeno investigado com base na traçabilidade dos rastros deixados e das conexões engendradas. Observou-se que as tecnologias digitais e em rede não atuam apenas na divulgação de informações e conteúdos, mas elas também são fundamentais para o desocultamento dessas águas, pois fornecem ao imaginário social elementos concretos para a percepção da dimensão desses rios e córregos, além de propor uma nova maneira de ver e ocupar a cidade.
Fotografia analógica hoje: em busca do ruído na imagem // Analog photography today: searching for noise in the image
Authors: Carvalho Ludimilla , Cruz Nina Velasco e
Published: July 2021

Observa-se hoje um crescente interesse por imagens fotográficas feitas através da técnica analógica, supostamente obsoleta. Esse fenômeno se dá tanto no campo fotografia profissional (particularmente entre os fotógrafos inseridos no contexto da arte contemporânea), quanto em seu uso vernacular. Buscamos entender o que torna essas imagens ainda desejáveis, analisando alguns exemplos. Para tal, trazemos à luz discussões recentes acerca do impacto do digital para a fotografia levadas a cabo por autores contemporâneos (SOULAGES, LENOT, BAIO, FATORELLI, DOBAL) e usamos o conceito de ruído (HAINGE) para elucidar aquilo que acreditamos ser a característica predominante das fotografias analógicas produzidas atualmente: o desvio das normas associadas a uma “imagem correta”.
Quanto vale o show dos subalternos? Pop stars de periferia em Amor, Plástico e Barulho de Renata Pinheiro // How much is the subaltern show worth? Peripheral pop Stars in Renata Pinheiro’s Amor, Plástico e Barulho
Authors: Lisboa Aline , De Morais Osvando José
Published: July 2021

A proposta analisa a representação de grupos subalternos no filme pernambucano Amor, plástico e barulho (2013), de Renata Pinheiro, examinando as personagens centrais e os principais temas da obra. O percurso metodológico utiliza a análise fílmica, com base em Vanoye; Goliot-Letè (2011), a fim de propor uma acurada observação, descrição e discussão acerca do filme, estabelecendo ainda uma relação com teorias que discutem Estudos dos Subalternos e cinema de Terceiro Mundo, em uma perspectiva revisitada de cinema periférico contemporâneo. Para tanto, Gayatri Spivak; Homi Bhabha; Djamila Ribeiro; Patrícia Hill Collins; Ângela Prysthon; Robert Stam são alguns dos autores que embasam nossas argumentações teóricas. Os resultados de nossa investigação apontam para um agenciamento de vozes de mulheres subalternas, realizado pela diretora, sendo este feito de modo responsável, através do trabalho cênico das atrizes principais e da construção de todo contexto trabalhado no filme.
O prazer da crítica: entre o julgamento e a avaliação // The pleasure of criticism: between judgment and evaluation
Authors: Cidreira Renata
Published: July 2021

Resumo: O presente artigo procura compreender o lugar e o papel da crítica na atualidade, relacionando-a ao sentimento de prazer. Entre as questões que nos mobilizam destacamos: O julgamento envolvido na crítica, o qual reconhecemos como avaliação, também ele é regido, em alguma instância, pelo prazer? É possível escrever crítica de forma prazerosa e responsável a um só tempo? Que relação se estabelece entre o crítico e o prazer? Essas questões, certamente, nos forçarão a repensar a instância da crítica na própria experiência estética. Entre os autores que nos auxiliaram nesta pesquisa, encontram-se Immanuel Kant (1995), Luigi Pareyson (2001), John Dewey (2010), Roland Barthes (2004) e Hans Robert Jauss (2002), entre outros.
Abstract: This article tries to understand the place and the role of criticism in the present, relating it to the feeling of pleasure. Among the questions that mobilize us are: Does the judgment involved in criticism, which we recognize as evaluation, is also governed by pleasure? Is it possible to write criticism pleasantly and responsibly at the same time? What relationship is established between critic and pleasure? These questions will certainly force us to rethink the instance of criticism in our own aesthetic experience. Among the authors who assisted us in this research are Immanuel Kant (1995), Luigi Pareyson (2001), John Dewey (2010), Roland Barthes (2004) and Hans Robert Jauss (2002), among others.
Collaboration and term usage dynamics in agricultural buffer strip research: A research weaving protocol
Authors: Young Sarah , Haddaway Neal R. , Nakagawa Shinichi , Lagisz Malgorzata , Callaghan Max W.
Published: July 2021

Research weaving is an approach that combines systematic mapping methods with bibliometric and scientometric analyses, shedding light on how research in a systematic map is connected or disconnected. Given its novelty, few examples exist that demonstrate methods for research weaving or highlight its value in the evidence synthesis context.

Here, we seek to fill this gap by applying a research weaving analysis to a previously published systematic map on the roles of buffer strips in agricultural fields. This work identified a lack of studies addressing multifunctional roles of buffer strips and a remarkable array of terminology used by researchers to describe buffer strips. Using network visualization, such as co‐authorship and bibliographic coupling networks, as well as content and text analyses, we aim to build on these findings addressing questions related to collaboration, disciplinary contributions and citation and term usage patterns.

As a result of this work, we aim to provide workflows, tools, and recommendations for the application of research weaving across a wide range of evidence maps in any domain. We will discuss the unique challenges of conducting bibliometric analysis in an evidence synthesis context and will propose solutions to address these challenges.