bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and identification of the fungus Alternaria alternata from some wheat fields and the investigation of some of produced the toxins
Authors: Hameed A N , Alwan S. L. , Hasan A. E
Published: June 2023

This study was conducted for the purpose of isolating and Identifing the fungus Alternaria alternata isolation from some wheat fields and investigating some of the toxins produced by the fungus A. alternata . The results of some field survey of  Najaf province revealed that the incidence of black point disease on the wheat caused by the fungus A. alternata ranged between 13 - 70% .The study showed identification of a new isolate of the fungus  A.alternata that has been registered in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI),  under the name: Najaf and under the accession number KX350052.1. The results of the toxicity test using HPLC and GC-MAS showed that the Najaf  isolate is able to produce three types of toxins:namely alteratoxin II (ATX II), alternariol (AOH) and alternariol mono methyl ether (AME).
An Immune Mediated Pathology And Tissue Immune Responses Induced By Human Tuberculus Cryglobulin In A Murine Models
Authors: Alzamily Khalid Yassen , Shnawa Ibrahim M. S. , Al-Azzawi Jalal A.
Published: June 2023

Serum cryoglobulin were separated , characterized and partially purified from human pulmonary tuberculus patients. Three graded concentrations were made as;0.2,0.3,and 0.4 mg/ml .Four  groups of mice, each of  five were given 0.25ml. intramuscular in left and 0,25ml., in the right thigh to each animal in each group .the protocol consist of three  successive  doses from each concentration to each group in a  week a part trend followed by one week leave  .At the end of the protocol ,animals were sacrificed as well as the tissue blocks were collected, sectioned and processed for staining with H&E by the aim of tracing immune responses at tissue level .The immune response events were found as; Hyper-plasia  of showed   bronchus associated lymphoid tissue ,hyperplasia of epithelial cells of the bronchus walls, hyperplasia of macrophages in the alveolar spaces and accumulation of macrophages in the bronchial walls of the lungs .Cardiac muscles  showed signs of carditis indicating type II hypersensitivity .Kidneys have shown inflammatory events indicating nephritis may be of serum sickness origin and edema can be of Arthus reaction, hypersensitivity type III. Liver sections were showing macrophage between blood vessels  as pre-vascular  kuff  indicating delayed type hypersensitivity type IV. While splenic tissue  sections were showing hypoplasia of lymphoid cells in the white pulp and /or deplition  which may be attributed to the action of the  regulatory T cells to the white pulp lymphoid cells. The tissue nature do affect the type of response as well as the intensity of the tissue responses were concentration dependent. Human  cryoglobulin  from  tuberculus patients were found pathogenic for mice and the pathology was immune mediated as; Hypersensitivity types II,III, and IV as well as granuloma. The intensity of the responses were  concentration dependent.
Preventive Role of Olive Oil On Serum Lipid Profile and Antioxidant Status of Methionine Overload Rabbits (Part II)
Authors: Al- Bazii Wefak Gaborry , Khudiar Khalisa Khadim
Published: June 2023

تيصُممت دراسته لإظهار الدور الوقائي المحتمل لزيت الزيتون على صورة الدهون في المصل وحالة مضادات الأكسدة للأرانب الزائدة من الميثيونين. تم تقسيم ثلاثين من الأرانب الذكور البالغين إلى ثلاث مجموعات متساوية (10 / مجموعة) وعولج على النحو التالي لمدة ثمانية أسابيع: تم تعقيمها المجموعة الأولى (GI) عن طريق الفم مع مياه الحنفية وكانت بمثابة مجموعة مراقبة ، تم تعقيم الحيوانات في المجموعة الثانية يوميا مع 100mg / كغ من وزن الجسم من الميثيونين (GII) ، في حين تم استنشاق الأرانب في المجموعة الثالثة يوميًا مع 100 مغ / كغ من وزن الجسم من الميثيونين لمدة أربعة أسابيع ثم بعد التنبيب عن طريق الفم مع 0.51 مل / كغ من وزن الجسم / من زيت الزيتون يوميًا لمدة أربعة أسابيع أخرى (GIII ). تم جمع عينات من الدم الصائم في صفر ، أربعة وثمانية أسابيع من التجربة لقياس الكوليسترول الكلي في الدم (TC) ، ثلاثي الجلسرين (TAG) ، البروتين الدهني منخفض الكثافة (LDL-C) ،
The prediction of estrus synchronization in Awassi ewes by vulvar bi-ometry and vaginal cytology
Authors: Al-Fatllawy Hella J.
Published: June 2023

The characteristics of exfoliated vaginal cells and vulvar biometry following estrus synchronization via insertion of vaginal sponges impregnated with 6-Methyl- 17- Acetoxyprogesterone (MAP)  were investigated with the aim to predict estrus in ten adult Awassian ewes .The animals were maintained on green and concentrated ration with water ad libitium . All measurements in the ewes were taken before insertion of intravaginal sponges and at 0hrs , 24hrs , 72hrs after removed of intravaginal sponges. Nine out of ten ewes showed estrus behavior in synchronization rate 90%.The results of vaginal cytology showed dominancy of parabasal cells 49.9% before insertion of intravaginal sponges, and dominancy of intermediate cells 62.4% at 0 hour after removed of intravaginal sponges , while at 24hrs and 72 hrs. the dominant cells were nucleated superficial cells and intermediate cells in percentage rate of 44.3% and 41.8% respectively. The results showed that the measurements of vulvar biometry of synchronized ewes during the study period increase in the vertical dimension of vulva significantly (P≤0.05) only after 24hrs of removing of intravaginal sponges.
تقييم جودة ونوعية بعض اصناف العسل المحلي والمستورد في محافظات الفرات الاوسط
Authors: AL-Sirraj Manal A. , ALI Riyadh S. , AL-Selawy Razaq L. , Awad Haifa A. , Khdem Ali A. , Mouhsan Zeina M. , Lateef Sabreen M.
Published: June 2023

اجريت الدراسة لتقييم جودة نماذج من انواع مختلفة من العسل المحلي المنتج من مناحل مختلفة من مناطق الفرات الاوسط ( النجف ،الديوانية ،الحلة ،كربلاء المقدسة ) والمستورد في جامعة كربلاء للمدة من1 /12-1/9 /2017  وشملت فحص 11 أنموذجا واظهرت النتائج تباين في النسبة المئوية للرطوبة اذ تراوحت مابين 16.3 – 19.8 %، ولوحظ بان نسبة الرماد تراوحت مابين  0.2211-0.5433 % . وكانت قيم الاس الهيدروجيني لنماذج العسل متباينة اذ كانت اعلى قيمة اس هيدروجيني في النموذج  9 وبلغت 3.9 اما ادنى قيمة اس هيدروجيني كانت  2.2 للنموذج  5،وبينت نتائج تقدير الحموضة الكلية اعلى مقدار للحموضة كان 22.8 ملئ مكافئ كغم للنموذج 9  ،وعند تقدير فعالية انزيم الدايستيز لوحظ تباين واضح في قيم الفعالية ،كما بينت النتائج المستحصل عليها من تقدير السكريات  اذ ظهر تفاوت في مجموع سكري السكروز والكلوكوز اذ سجلت اعلى قيمة 73.9%للنموذج 11 بينما سجلت اقل قيمة لمجموع السكريات 64.3% للنموذج 9 ،وتباينت قيم الهيدروكسي مثيل فورفورال للنماذج اذ اعطى اعلى قيمة للنموذج 2 وبلغت 38.9 ملغم غم وبلغت اقل قيمة للنموذج 9 بلغت 22.4ملغم غم ،اما نتائج الكشف عن انزيم الكلكوز اوكسيديز فقد اظهرت النتائج اختلاف واضح في فعالية الانزيم وبلغت 0.99 مايكرومول مول  دقيقة وهي  اعلى فعالية للانزيم في النموذج 11 وكانت اقل فعالية للانزيم في نموذج 2 وبلغت 0.22 مايكرومول مول دقيقة نلاحظ من النتائج  تطابق نسب الرطوبة لكل النماذج مع المواصفة العراقية والتي نصت على ان لاتزيد نسبة الرطوبة في نماذج العسل عن 21% .وتظهر النتائج مطابقة معظم النماذج  المحلية للمواصفة العراقية الموضوعة للرماد والتي لاتزيد نسبتها عن 0.3% اما نموذج 11و10وهي نماذج العسل المستورد نلاحظ تجاوز نسبة الرماد فيها عن الحد المسموح به في المواصفة العراقية . .واظهرت نتائج الدراسة توافق نسبة الحموضة الكلية لجميع النماذج مع المواصفة العراقية ، وكانت نتائج  تقدير السكريات الكلية ضمن حدود المواصفات العراقية وهيئة دستور الاغذية،
دراسة التأثير الحيوي لبعض المستخلصات المائية في يرقات خنفساءالحبوب الشعرية (الخابرا) Trogoderma granarium Everts Dermestidae: Coleopteraوبالغات خنفساء الحبوب المنشارية Silvanidae : Coleoptera Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.)
Authors: Othman Nada Sabeeh
Published: June 2023

نفذ هذا البحث لدراسة تأثير بعض المستخلصات النباتية المائية لاوراق نباتات الاس Myrtus communis L. والاستاب Ruta graveolens L. واكليل الجبل Rosemarinus officanalsi   والريحان Ocimum basilicum   والنعناع Mentha piperita L. وبالتراكيز 1 و 4 و 7 و 9 % في نسب قتل يرقات خنفساء الحبوب الشعرية (الخابرا) Trogoderma granarium Everts.  وبالغات خنفساء الحبوب المنشارية Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.)  وتبين ان التركيزين 7 و 9 % لمستخلص الاس والتركيز 9 % لمستخلص الاستاب قد اعطت اعلى متوسط نسبة قتل ليرقات خنفساء الحبوب الشعرية بلغ 100 %، كما اعطى التركيز 7 % لمستخلص الاستاب و 9 % للنعناع متوسط نسب موت عالية بلغت 96.67 و 93.33 % على التوالي، وبلغت قيمة الكفاءة النسبية 1000 للاستاب و 285 % للنعناع. اما حشرة خنفساء الحبوب المنشارية فقد سجل التركيزين 7 و 9 % لمستخلص الاس والاستاب والنعاع متوسط نسب موت عالية بلغت 100 % وسجل مستخلص النعناع والاستاب اعلى القيم في الكفاءة النسبية (السمية النسبية) بلغت 883  و 662 % ، على التوالي. ، في حين سجل مستخلص اكليل الجبل وبتراكيزه الاربعة اقل المتوسطات في  نسب الموت وبلغت كفاءته النسبية 100 % في حشرة T. granarium و O. surinamensis  .
تأثير التنقيع والرش بمادة الــــ Bilirubin في نمو وحاصل الحنطة
Authors: Nasserallah Adel Yousif , Al- Hilfy Intsar Hadi , Zeboon Najat Hussein
Published: June 2023

نفذت تجربة حقلية في حقل تجارب قسم المحاصيل الحقلية ، كلية الزراعة / جامعة بغداد في الموسم الشتوي 2012-2013 بتصميم القطاعات الكاملة المعشاة بثلاث مكررات بهدف دراسة تأثير مادةBilirubin  في بعض صفات النمو وحاصل ونوعية الحنطة للصنف ابو غريب 3 ، تضمنت التجربة سبع معاملات وهي : المقارنة ، تنقيع بذور الحنطة بتركيز 0.25 ، 0.50 و1 مل لتر-1 من المادة، رش المجموع الخضري بتركيز 0.25 ، 0.50 ، و 1  )مل لتر-1 من المادة في مرحلتين  التفرعات والتزهير ) ورمز لها بالرموز E1 و  E2 و E3 و  E4 و E5 و E6 و E7 على التتابع . أظهرت النتائج  تفوق معاملة النقع بـالـ Bilirubin وبتركيز 1 مل لتر-1 في معظم صفات النمو والحاصل ( أرتفاع النبات ، مساحة ورقة العلم ، عدد الفروع الكلية ، الحاصل البايولوجي ، عدد الحبوب ، وزن 1000 حبة ، حاصل الحبوب) وبنسبة زيادة بلغت1.08  %و2.45% و 47.51% 35.13% و 22.78% 0.57% 28.32% قياساً بمعاملة المقارنة على التتابع في حين تفوقت معاملة الرش بتركيز 0.25 مل لتر-1 في صفة عدد السنابل ونسبة البروتين والكلوتين واعطت اعلى المتوسطات لهذه الصفات بلغت 730.0 سنبلة م-2 و12.44% و32.15% مقارنة بـــ 495.0 سنيلة م-2 و9.87 % و28.13% قياساً بمعاملة المقارنة .
Responsabilidad penal corporativa
Authors: Villavicencio Sanjinéz Mónica Haydee
Published: June 2023

La investigación tuvo como objetivo elaborar un manual de manejo y gestión del archivo notarial, como instrumento para el buen manejo y gestión de la documentación notarial en Bolivia. El trabajo de campo requirió la aplicación de observación participante, entrevistas y encuestas. La observación participante se aplicó en la Notaria de Fe Pública N 107 de la ciudad de La Paz, en dos momentos(mayo de 2018 y mayo de 2019). Como resultado se propuso una guía concreta y práctica para el desarrollo de las siguientes acciones: [1] principios de la archivística; [2] clasificación de la documentación notarial; [3] procedimientos de la técnica de archivo notarial; [4] manejo y gestión documental; [5] recomendaciones sobre las medidas de seguridad del archivo. El complimiento de este manual por las 445 notarias de fe pública de capitales de ciudades y 317 notarias de fe pública de los municipios de las provincias facilitaría la atención a los usuarios del servicio notarial.
Higher Post-Anthesis Nitrogen Uptake Identified in a Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat Derivative
Authors: Marinciu Cristina , Șerban Gabriela , Oprea Georgeta , Georgescu Cristian , Mandea Vasile , Săulescu Nicolae N.
Published: June 2023

Two winter wheat cultivars were field tested at the National Agricultural Research and Development Institute Fundulea - Romania, and total plant Nitrogen was determined at anthesis and maturity. The winter wheat line Profund, bred at NARDI Fundulea and previously described as having high and stable positive grain protein deviation from the regression on grain yield, showed higher post-anthesis N uptake than cultivar Pitar, itself described as having a relatively high grain protein concentration. We suggest that the higher N post-anthesis uptake might have been inherited from the synthetic wheat derivative present in its genealogy.
Effects of Artificially Drought Induced by Chemical Desiccation in Several Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes
Authors: Racz Ionuṭ , Urdă Camelia , Kadar Rozalia , Tritean Nicolae , Duda Marcel Matei , Muntean Edward , Muntean Leon
Published: June 2023

Climatic changes affect crop production and wheat as one of the main crop worldwide suffers production losses year by year caused by drought stress. The aim of this study was to identify valuables winter wheat genotypes concerning to drought tolerance. A set of 113 Romanian and foreign genotypes were analysed for drought tolerance over two experimental years in field conditions at Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda. Simulating drought effect was realized by applying the desiccant solution (NaClO3 - 2%) on wheat plants at 14 days after anthesis. Morpho-productive traits, such as number of grains per spike; weight of grains per spike; thousand kernel weight and grain yield were analysed as a response of drought stress conditions. Of the main yield components: weight of grains/spike and thousand kernel weight were more affected traits. Simulation of drought effect allowed identification of valuable cultivars, capable to limiting the drought impact on yield components and finally on grain yield. Among studied cultivars, six perspective lines from Turda breeding program were noted for a small reduction rate of thousand kernel weight and weight of grain per spike as main yield components. They will be used as genetic resources for improvement of drought tolerance.
Phytotoxic and Cyto-Genotoxic Potential of Phytolacca americana on Zea mays
Authors: Olaru Aurel Liviu , Bonea Dorina , Bonciu Elena
Published: June 2023

Pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) is an invasive weed commonly found in the Oltenia area (Romania). Considering the economic importance of maize crop, this study was carried out to investigate the phytotoxic, cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of pokeweed extracts on maize (Zea mays L.). The seeds of maize were treated with different concentrations (5%, 10% and 20%) of pokeweed extracts, under laboratory conditions, for macroscopic and microscopic analyses, respectively. A control (distilled water) was used for comparison. All extracts significantly decreased germination, root and shoot length of maize seedling, also inhibited root cell division by the reduction of the mitotic index and by the induction of chromosomal and nuclear abnormalities in the root cells of maize. Chromosome stickiness, C-mitosis, piknosis, laggards, micronuclei and nuclear erosion, were observed. Thus, the present study suggests that the allelochemicals in the extracts of P. americana have a highly toxic potential on maize, so prevention and control of this invasive plant in the agricultural fields, are really necessary.
Impact of Organo-Mineral Fertilization upon Phytocoenosis and Feed Quality of the Grasslands in the Region of Transylvania
Authors: Cirebea Mirela , Rotar Ioan , Vidican Roxana , Pleșa Anca , Morea Adriana , Ranta Ovidiu
Published: June 2023

The paper aimes to present the analysis of the qualitative and quantitative changes in the feed obtained as a result of the Festuca rubra - Agrostis capillaris organic and mineral fertilization. The experiment was conducted in 2014, in Băișoara village (Cluj county), at an altitude of 1240 m above sea level. The experiment included four variants in three repetitions, as follows: first variant (V1) – control variant, (unfertilized); second variant (V2) fertilized with 10 t manure/ha; V3 – fertilized with 10 t manure/ha + 50 N + 25 P2O5 + 25 K2O kg/ha active substance/ha; V4 – fertilized with 20 t manure/ha; V5 – fertilized with 10 t manure/ha + 100 N + 50 P2O5 + 50 K2O kg/ha active substance/ha; V6 – fertilized with 100 N + 50 P2O5 + 50 K2O kg active substance/ha. The grass was cut once in 2014, in 2015 and in 2016 and the botanical composition was determined, along with the feed quality. The Festuca rubra L. and Agrostis capillaris L. grassland responded very well to the application of the organic and mineral fertilization.
COMPARISON OF KNOWLEDGE BEFORE AND AFTER COUNSELING ABOUT HANDWASHING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN ELDERLY SOCIAL SERVICES
Authors: Yunardi
Published: June 2023

The knowledge referred to in this study is knowledge before and after counseling about hand washing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Prior knowledge of counseling is the things respondents know about hand washing during the COVID-19 pandemic which is assessed based on their ability to answer the questions on the questionnaire correctly before counseling. Based on the results of the pre-test questionnaire with a rating scale if answered Yes-1 and No-0 it is known that the 30 elderly respondents have an average score of knowledge before being given counseling is 2.3667 rounded up to 2.37. This was obtained from the total amount of pre-tevi data divided by 30 respondents. It can be seen that the answers of the elderly are still relatively low because they have not received more information about hand washing during a pandemic (OVID-1D. Based on the post-test questionnaire that has been distributed with a rating scale if the answers are Yes-1 and No-0, it is known that the 30 elderly respondents have an average score of knowledge after being given counseling which is 9.6667 rounded up to 9.67. This was obtained from the total post-test data divided by 30 respondents. It can be seen that Jansia's answers greatly improved after the counseling about hand washing during the COVID-19 pandemic. This increase in value indicates that there is a difference in the average score of knowledge about prior knowledge and knowledge after counseling about hand washing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the SPSS test that has been carried out (P—0.000: &« — 0.05) Ha (alternative hypothesis) is accepted because the p-value is & 0, 005 so that Ho is rejected at the price of the level of significance (aw) - 5Yo so that the alternative hypothesis is accepted. Thus the conclusion in this study was that there were differences in knowledge before and after counseling about hand washing during the COFID12 pandemic at the Pematangsiantar Elderly Social Service.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE OF FAMILY PLANNING FIELD OFFICIALS IN THE CENTER OF THE UPT DEPARTMENT OF PPKB BANDAR DISTRICT SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT
Authors: Eka Sihombing
Published: June 2023

The Family Planning Field Officer (PLKB) is one of the Human Resources (HR) in carrying out family planning services at the Family Planning Center. KB Center is an important resource and much needed to achieve optimal performance. The success or failure of an organization engaged in family planning services such as a family planning center depends on the ability of Human Resources (HR) to carry out its activities. This type of research is a quantitative research that is analytic in nature using a cross-sectional design, namely the dependent variable and independent variable carried out at the same time. Data obtained through direct interviews with respondents using a check list sheet filled in by the respondent. Where the total population is 19 people. The results of the Chi-Sguare statistical test obtained p value = 0, 004≤ α (0.05). So that it is known that there is a relationship between motivation and leadership performance at the UPTD KB Hall, Bandar District, Simalungun Regency. The results of the Chi-Sguare statistical test obtained p value = 0.014≤α (0.05). So that it is known that there is a relationship between PLKB performance and the performance of leaders at the UPTD KB Hall, Bandar District, Simalungun Regency. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between motivation and the leader's performance which has a very positive effect on PLKB performance. By showing that PLKB performance needs to be improved by being able to adapt to leaders and the work environment in order to get good performance results. So that it is known that there is a relationship between PLKB performance and leadership performance at UPTD KB Hall, Bandar District, Simalungun Regency. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between motivation and the leader's performance which has a very positive effect on PLKB performance. By showing that PLKB performance needs to be improved by being able to adapt to leaders and the work environment in order to get good performance results. So that it is known that there is a relationship between PLKB performance and leadership performance at UPTD KB Hall, Bandar District, Simalungun Regency. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between motivation and the leader's performance which has a very positive effect on PLKB performance. By showing that PLKB performance needs to be improved by being able to adapt to leaders and the work environment in order to get good performance results.
RATIONALIZATION OF ANTIBIOTIC USE PATTERNS IN UNDER-FREE PATIENTS WITH FEVER AND COUGH IN OUTPATIENT IN TUAN RONDAHAIM HOSPITAL, PEMATANG RAYA, SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT PERIOD JANUARY – MARCH
Authors: Dilla Sastia Mara  , Muharti Sanjaya
Published: June 2023

Antibiotic drugs are intended to prevent and treat infectious diseases. Recently, however, experts and doctors have found that antibiotics are not as effective as they used to be. The frequency of using antibiotics that is high but not matched by appropriate or irrational provisions can have negative impacts, one of which can be resistance. This study aims to determine the rationalization of the pattern of antibiotic use in under-five patients at Tuan Rondahaim Hospital Pematang Raya, Simalungun Regency for the period January-March 2018 through retrospective data collection by means of secondary data collection. The research sample was 275 toddler patients. The results showed that the use of the most antibiotics was amoxicillin at 47.63%, the dose of antibiotics that met the rational category was 100%, and 0% irrational category. Antibiotic indications that show 100% rational categories, 0% irrational categories, length of use of antibiotics that meet 100% rational categories, 0% irrational categories.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT OF LEAF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF CAT'S KUMIZE (ORTHOSIPHON STAMINEUS BENTH) IN MALE WHITE RATS OF WISTAR STRAINS
Authors: Wilson Samosir  , Shofian Syarifuddin
Published: June 2023

The cat's whiskers plant is empirically used by the community for the treatment of gout and rheumatism. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the anti-inflammatory power of cat's kumis (Orthosihon stamineus Benth) leaf extract. This study was a quasi-experimental study with a one-way completely randomized design. Kumis Kucing leaf extract was extracted using 70% ethanol. A total of 25 male wistar rats aged 2-3 months, weighing 150-200g were divided into 5 groups. Each group was treated orally with distilled water (negative control), diclofenac sodium 2.25 mg/kg BW (positive control). Kumis leaf ethanol extract tested at doses of 123, 245 and 490 mg/kgBB. Treatment 1 hour before the feet of rats were inflamed with 1% sublantar carrageenin. Measurements of the rat's foot volume were carried out every 0.5 hours for 6.5 hours. The obtained average edema volume curve is used to calculate AUC (Area Under The Curve) and the obtained AUC is used to calculate DAI (Anti-Inflammatory Power). The AUC and DAI data were tested statistically with one way Anava and followed by LSD with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Kumis Kucing leaves had an anti-inflammatory effect on male white rats of the Wistar strain. Kumis Kucing ethanol extract at doses of 123, 245 and 490 mg/kg BW yielded 33.11%; 52.64% and 64.12% respectively. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Kumis Kucing leaves had an anti-inflammatory effect on male white rats of the Wistar strain. Kumis Kucing ethanol extract at doses of 123, 245 and 490 mg/kg BW yielded 33.11%; 52.64% and 64.12% respectively. The results showed that the ethanol extract of Kumis Kucing leaves had an anti-inflammatory effect on male white rats of the Wistar strain. Kumis Kucing ethanol extract at doses of 123, 245 and 490 mg/kg BW yielded 33.11%; 52.64% and 64.12% respectively.
COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS OF HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES MELLITUS TREATMENT AT EFARINA ATAHAM HOSPITAL PANGKALAN KERINCI
Authors: Hendri Kurniawan  , Ismi Noer Fadilah
Published: June 2023

Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure increases above (≥140/90 mmHg). The prevalence in Indonesia is 32.2% and only 24.2% of these hypertensive patients are diagnosed and receiving treatment. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by glucose levels exceeding normal values ​​or perglycemia (≥200 mg/dl). to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of antihypertensive and anti-diabetic in patients who are hospitalized at Efarina Etaham Berastagi Hospital, Karo. This research is non-experimental using data taken from patient medical records retrospectively for the period January-June 2017. The analytical method used is Cost Effectiveness Analysis (CEA). The Cost Effectiveness Average Ratio (CEA Ratio) and Incremental Cost Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) methods were used to analyze the most cost-effective antihypertensives and antidiabetics. The results of this study showed that the hypertension therapy regimens used were amlodipine, captropil, valsartan, amlodipine + captropil, amlodipine + valsartan, captorpil + valsartan, and amlodipine + captorpil + valsartan. In the anti-diabetic therapy regimen used are insulin analogues, metmorphine and insulin analogues + metmorphine. The most cost-effective antihypertensive based on the CEA and ICER is amdolpine + captropil and the most cost-effective diabetic liver based on the CEA and ICER is metmorphine. amlodipine + captropil, amlodipine + valsartan, captorpil + valsartan, and amlodipine + captorpil + valsartan. In the anti-diabetic therapy regimen used are insulin analogues, metmorphine and insulin analogues + metmorphine. The most cost-effective antihypertensive based on the CEA and ICER is amdolpine + captropil and the most cost-effective diabetic liver based on the CEA and ICER is metmorphine. amlodipine + captropil, amlodipine + valsartan, captorpil + valsartan, and amlodipine + captorpil + valsartan. In the anti-diabetic therapy regimen used are insulin analogues, metmorphine and insulin analogues + metmorphine. The most cost-effective antihypertensive based on the CEA and ICER is amdolpine + captropil and the most cost-effective diabetic liver based on the CEA and ICER is metmorphine.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAMILY SUPPORT WITH THE SUCCESS OF EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING TO WORKING MOTHERS IN THE WORKING AREA OF PANOMBEIAN PANEI PUSKESMAS SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT
Authors: Nur Mazdalifah
Published: June 2023

One of the efforts to maintain children's health is aimed at preparing healthy, intelligent, and qualified next generations as well as reducing child mortality. Efforts to maintain child survival are carried out from the time the fetus is still in the womb, when it is born, after delivery, and until it is 14 (eighteen) years old. This indicator measures the management capacity of the Mother and Child Health (KIA) program in providing comprehensive neonatal services. Services provided during nconatal visits are examinations according to the Integrated Management of Young Infants (MTBM) standards and newborn care counseling including exclusive breastfeeding and umbilical cord care (Indonesian Health Profile, 2014). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family support and the success of exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers in the work area of ​​the Panombeian Panei Health Center, Simalungun Regency, in 2017. This type of analytic study uses a cross-sectional approach. The population of this research is all working mothers who have babies aged 7-12 months in the working area of ​​the Panomberan Health Center as many as 45 people as of July 2017. The sample in this research is SCmus 1: working people who have babies aged 7-12 months in the working area of ​​the Puskesmas: There are 45 pots per July 2017. The sampling technique in this study uses total sampling.
THE EFFECT OF PATIENT COOPING MECHANISM ON ANXIETY IN DEALING WITH MAJOR SURGERY IN THE SURGERY INPATIENT ROOM OF PUSKESMAS TIGA BALATA JORLANG HATARAN DISTRICT AT YEAR 2016
Authors: Nurmala
Published: June 2023

Patients with a history of hypertension when experiencing anxiety before surgery can result in insomnia of the patient and the blood pressure will increase so that the operation will be canceled. Surgery or surgery can cause anxiety. Anxiety is a normal adaptive response to stress due to surgery. Anxiety can be reduced what if the patient can see the surgery will heal. Signs of anxious surgery may not be the same for every individual. Every stress cause people to experience, for the automatic appears efforts to cope with a variety of coping mechanisms, to control coping and decrease anxiety in patients is the task of the team. Served in the room where the patients were treated. Having interactions to patients to anxiety in the face of major surgery that ascribed by Tiga Balata Health Center, Kec. Jorlang Hataran of 2016. The experience is descriptive analytic with the experience design cross sectional. Take in population in this study were an patients who ascribed. To undergo surgery used in this study is a questionnaire filled by respond. After the data was collected then for the percentage of data used by ghi-sguare a - 0.05 with the computer Which then obtained the effect of each independent variable. The result of data analysis and the result of ghi-sguare is P — 0.001 (P « 0.005), is Ha is accept and Ho is eject, is patient influence between the coping mechanisms of the anxiety in the face major operation. 05 with the computer Which then obtained the effect of each independent variable. The result of data analysis and the result of ghi-sguare is P — 0.001 (P « 0.005), is Ha is accept and Ho is eject, is patient influence between the coping mechanisms of the anxiety in the face major operation. 05 with the computer Which then obtained the effect of each independent variable. The result of data analysis and the result of ghi-sguare is P — 0.001 (P « 0.005), is Ha is accept and Ho is eject, is patient influence between the coping mechanisms of the anxiety in the face major operation.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE AND FAMILY SUPPORT TO MOTHERS WITH EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING AT THE PAMATANG SILIMAHUTA HEALTH CENTER SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT
Authors: Nurmala
Published: June 2023

Based on the 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) data, it shows that breastfeeding in Indonesia is currently still a cause for concern, only 53.4%. Data from health professionals achieving exclusive breastfeeding at Pamatang Silimahuta Health Center in 2016 was 64%. To find out the relationship between Knowledge and Family Support for Mothers with Exclusive Breastfeeding at the Pamatang Silimahuta Health Center in 2017. The research method used this type of analytic survey research with a cross-sectional approach to 75 breastfeeding mothers who had babies aged 7-24 months in the Pamatang Silimahuta Health Center area. The sampling technique uses the Notoatmodjo formula (2005). Data analysis used the chi sguare test. The results showed that p-0.063 and p0.098 (a0.05) were obtained so that Ha was rejected and Ho was accepted.
PRICE EFFECT ON CONSUMER BUYING INTEREST WITH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS INTERVENING VARIABLES (Case Study of Community Users of Health Facilities in the United States)
Authors: Arnaud Costinot  , Stephen Martin
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine“The Influence of Price on Consumer Purchase Interest with Consumer Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable (Case Study of Community Users of Health Facilities in the United States)”. the results of this study indicate that 1)it can be seen that tcount (3.128) > ttable (1.667), likewise with a significance value of 0.00 <0.05, it can be concluded that the first hypothesis is accepted, meaning that the Price variable(X) positive and significant effecton Customer Satisfaction (Y1). 2) it can be seen that tcount (1.766) > ttable (1.667), and a significance value of 0.00 <0.05, it can be concluded that the second hypothesis is accepted, meaning that the price(X) positive and significant effecton Buying Interest (Y2). 3) it can be seen that tcount (6.987) > ttable (1.667), and the significance value is 0.00 <0.05, it can be concluded that the third hypothesis is accepted, meaning Customer Satisfaction (Y1)influentialpositive andsignificanton Buying Interest (Y2). 4) the direct effect of variable X on variable Y2 is 0.162. While the indirect effect through the Y1 variable is 0.357 x 0.642 = 0.2291, the calculation results obtained show that the indirect effect through the Y1 variable is greater than the direct effect on the Y2 variable.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF ADOLESCENT FEMALE TOWARDS THE MEASURES OF PREVENTION OF LUCHING IN NAGORI RABUHIT, SUB-DISTRICT OF GUNUNG MALIGAS, DISTRICT SIMALUNGUN, 2016
Authors: Yunardi
Published: June 2023

Based on the findings of the researchers that there were 5 young women in Nagori Rabuhit, Gunung Maligas District, Simalungun Regency, experiencing vaginal discharge. This research was conducted to find out whether there is a relationship between the knowledge and attitudes of young women towards the prevention of vaginal discharge in Nagori Rabuhit, Gunung Maligas District, Simalungun Regency in 2016. This type of research is descriptive with the population in this study being all young women in Nagori Rabuhit, Gunung Maligas District, Simalungun, namely as many as 108 people who were sampled as many as 85 people using the simple random sampling technique, which is a simple random sampling method. The results of this study the majority have knowledge.
THE INFLUENCE OF INFLATION ON THE UNEMPLOYMENT RATE OPEN IN MEDICAL FIELD OF UNITED STATES IN 2018
Authors: Richard Frimpong Oppong  , Weihuan Zhou
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out how the effect of inflation on the open unemployment rate in Medical Field Of United States. The research method used is the method of qualitative data and quantitative data. While the data used is secondary data. The method of data analysis in this study uses simple linear regression analysis to obtain a comprehensive picture of the effect of inflation on the open unemployment rate using the SPSS 25 for Windows program. To find out whether there is a significant effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, a simple linear regression model is used. The results of testing the hypothesis using simple regression analysis and t-test show that: that the t-table value of the Inflation variable is 0.992 < the t-table value (df:α :
THE EFFECT OF PRODUCT QUALITY ON CONSUMER BUYING INTEREST WITH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS A VARIABLE INTERVENING ON THE MARKET SHARE OF LONDON PUBLIC HEALTHY CARE PRODUCT
Authors: Malvina Marchese  , Alexander
Published: June 2023

This study aims to find out how the influence of product quality on consumer buying interest with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable on the market share of london public healthy care product. The research method used is the method of qualitative data and quantitative data. While the data used is primary data. The data analysis method in this study uses simple linear regression analysis to obtain a comprehensive picture of the influence of product quality variables on consumer buying interest using the SPSS 25 for Windows program. To find out whether there is a significant effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, a simple linear regression model is used.
THE EFFECT OF ONLINE ADVERTISING ON CONSUMER BUYING INTEREST IN ONLINE SELLING APPLICATIONS WITH CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE (Study From Member of United Kingdom Medical Doctor Department)
Authors: Ian Wooton  , Zhenyu Cui
Published: June 2023

The results of this study show. (1) It can be seen that the value of the adjusted R square is 0.758 or 75.8%. This shows that consumer satisfaction (Y1) and advertising (X) can explain purchase intention (Y2) of 75.8%, the remaining 24.2% (100% - 75.8%) is explained by other variables outside the research model. This. Such as service, price and interest in buying. (2) The results of the (Partial) t test show that tcount (7.413) > ttable (1.685), likewise with a significance value of 0.00 <0.05, it can be concluded that the first hypothesis is accepted, meaning that the advertising variable(X) positive and significant effecton consumer satisfaction (Y1).(3) The results of the t test (Partial) can be seen that the value of tcount (3.059) > ttable (1.685), and the significance value is 0.00 <0.05, it can be concluded that the second hypothesis is accepted, meaningadvertisement(X) positive and significant effecton buying interest (Y2). (4) The results of the path analysis test show that the direct effect of variable X on variable Y2 is 0.377. While the indirect effect through the Y1 variable is 0.769 x 0.554 = 0.426, the calculation results obtained show that the indirect effect through the Y1 variable is greater than the direct effect on the Y2 variable.
THE INFLUENCE OF LOCATION ACCESSIBILITY ON COMMUNITY SATISFACTION WITH THE QUALITY OF TEXAS DISTRICT PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES AS INTERVENING VARIABLES
Authors: Jorge O.Brusa  , Mohsen Bahmani- OSkooee
Published: June 2023

In this study the population was the Texas District Public Health Services , namely as many as 950 people. From the basis for determining the writer's sample based on the Slovin formula with an error tolerance of `10%, the number for the sample is 91 respondents. the first hypothesis is accepted, meaning that location accessibility (X) has a significant effect on community satisfaction (Y1). the second hypothesis is rejected, meaning that location accessibility (X) has no significant effect on community satisfaction (Y2). the third hypothesis is accepted, meaning that service quality (Y1) is an intervening variable that mediates the effect of location accessibility (X) on community satisfaction (Y2).
Evaluación de tres bosques protectores periurbanos del cantón Guayaquil (Guayas, Ecuador) como potenciales áreas de importancia para la conservación de murciélagos
Authors: Paz-Ramírez Tania , Salas Jaime A.
Published: June 2023

El presente trabajo se desarrolló en los bosques protectores La Prosperina, Bosqueira y Papagayo de Guayaquil, con el propósito de evaluar la potencialidad de estas localidades para una declaratoria como Áreas Importantes para la Conservación de los Murciélagos (AICOM). El trampeo se realizó a través de redes de niebla; durante el día se revisaron lugares naturales o artificiales en búsqueda de posibles refugios. Se analizó la similitud de la quiropterofauna entre los bosques y se revisaron las categorías de amenaza. Se capturaron 168 individuos en total, pertenecientes a 14 especies y tres familias, siendo las más frecuentes Glossophaga soricina, Artibeus fraterculus, A. aequatorialis y A. lituratus; se halló un refugio natural de G. soricina, en La Prosperina. Los resultados mostraron que existe una alta similitud entre Papagayo de Guayaquil y Bosqueira, las cuales pueden deberse al efecto de las amenazas en común, como incendios forestales y crecimiento urbano. Entre las especies de interés de conservación están Cynomops greenhalli y Eptesicus innoxius. Con base en estos resultados, La Prosperina cumple con dos criterios técnicos para ser un AICOM: especies de interés y refugios, por lo que se recomienda que su administración inicie este proceso de conservación.
narrative functions in Renaissance paintings
Authors: Hasan Talib Jenzy
Published: June 2023

The research dealt with (narrative functions in Renaissance paintings) and it contained four chapters. The first chapter included the methodological framework for the research, which was represented by the research problem and its goal (revealing the functions and techniques of narration in Renaissance Paintings). The limits of the research were limited to studying the functions of narration in paintings. The Renaissance period (1425-1563), which the researcher chose from books and the Internet and was analyzed according to the descriptive method. As for the second chapter, the theoretical framework and previous studies, which included two topics, the first topic: Narrative styles, techniques and functions. As for the second topic, it dealt with: visual narration, applications in Renaissance paintings. The third chapter included the research procedures that included the research community, its sample, its methodology, and the analysis of the sample of (5) works of art. While the fourth chapter includes the results of the research and conclusions, among the findings of the researcher the following:

▪ The functions of narration depend on the interrelationships towards the current context between the diagnostic forms that serve to convey the meaning and idea of the narration, which depends on the grouping and the linking relationships between the formal visual units and the organizations taking place and not on the structure of the narration.

▪ There are main functions of narration that work to build a visual narration mechanism, which are :

- The communicative function, the communicative function, the ideological function, the expressive function, and the reference function, and there are techniques affiliated with these functions can establish and build visual narratives in drawing, which are the retrieval technique and the time and space technique .
Binomial edge ideals over an exterior algebra
Authors: Peeva Irena
Published: June 2023

We introduce the study of binomial edge ideals over an exterior algebra.
Subcarpathian Rusyns in the debates of the Chamber of Deputies of the inter-war Czechoslovak Republic
Authors:   Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Economics and Management, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Praha, Kokaisl Petr
Published: June 2023

The paper presents a very different view of the Rusyn question in inter-war Czechoslovakia through the eyes of Rusyn representatives from across the spectrum of political parties in the Czechoslovak parliament. Although Subcarpathian Rus and its inhabitants were often idealised in Czechoslovakia for their unspoilt nature and patriarchal character, and Czechoslovak public opinion was very favourable towards the region, some Rusyn politicians certainly did not share this ideal. The Communist deputies in particular criticised all government policies and the persistence of general backwardness, but the question of the region’s autonomy was probably the most prominent among the Czechoslovak deputies representing Subcarpathian Rus. The paper highlights four main issues that emerged most frequently in the parliamentary debates: the quest for autonomy, the solution to the poor economic situation, the situation in education and disputes over the use of the language, and the dual treatment of Rusyns living in Slovakia and in Subcarpathian Rus.
History, Culture and Politics of the Kurds: A Short Overview
Authors:   University of Amsterdam, Dept. of Philosophy, Oude Turfmarkt 141, 1012 GC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Leezenberg Michiel
Published: June 2023

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the Kurds, the world’s largest people without a state of their own, and explores their complex and often tragic history. This brief overview challenges the notion that the Kurds are a people without a history and highlights their active role in shaping their social and political reality. The author discusses the existence of a Kurdish literate civilization with a rich literary tradition going back centuries, debunking the perception of the Kurds as rural, tribal and illiterate. The article also examines the impact of various historical events, such as the collapse of empires, the rise of nationalism and the Cold War, on Kurdish aspirations for self-determination. It examines Kurdish struggles with nationalist states, the influence of the Soviet Union and the United States, and the emergence of Kurdish liberation movements. By shedding light on Kurdish history, culture and political challenges, this survey aims to provide a deeper understanding of this vibrant and resilient people.
Approach to the diagnosis and management of snakebite envenomation in South Africa in humans.
Authors: Hardcastle T , Engelbrecht A , Lalloo V , Bell C , Toubkin M
Published: June 2023

Snake bite management is largely driven by expert opinion and consensus, however there are a few large retrospective studies and RCT’s that have improved the quality of medical guidance currently available. South African snakes are different in the venomous potential and it behooves the hospital provider and the average medical practitioner to know the current best practice concepts concerning assessment, treatment and antivenom use. The recent SASS meeting in July 2022 provided an update and national consensus from which this Hospital Care document is derived.
Factors associated with COVID-19 inpatient mortality cases within 24-hours South Africa
Authors: Mphekgwana P
Published: June 2023

Background. African countries with limited healthcare capacity are particularly vulnerable to the novel coronavirus. The pandemic has left health systems short on resources to safely manage patients and protect health care workers. South Africa is still battling the epidemic of HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis which have had their programme/services interrupted due to the effects of the pandemic. Lessons learned from the HIV/AIDS and TB programme have shown that South Africans delay seeking health services when a new disease presents itself.

Objective. The study sought to investigate the risk factors for COVID-19 inpatients’ mortality within 24-hours of hospital admission in Public health facilities in Limpopo Province, South Africa.

Methods. The study used retrospective secondary data obtained from the 1 067 clinical records of patients admitted between March 2020 and June 2021 by the Limpopo Department of Health (LDoH). A multivariable logistic regression model, both adjusted and unadjusted, was used to assess the risk factors associated with COVID-19 mortality within 24 hours of admission.

Results. This study, which was conducted in Limpopo public hospitals, discovered that 411 (40%) of COVID-19 patients died within 24-hours of admission. The majority of the patients were 60 years or older, mostly of female gender and had co-morbidities. In terms of vital signs, most had body temperatures less than 38°C. Our study findings revealed that COVID-19 patients who present with fever and shortness of breath are 1.8 and 2.5 times more likely to die within 24-hours of admission to the hospital, than patients without fever and normal respiratory rate . Hypertension was independently associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients within 24-hours of admission, with a high odds ratio for hypertensive patients (OR = 1.451; 95% CI = 1.013; 2.078) compared to non-hypertensive patients.

Conclusion. Assessing demographic and clinical risk factors for COVID-19 mortality within 24-hours of admission aids in understanding and prioritising patients with severe COVID-19 and hypertension. Finally, this will provide guidelines for planning and optimising the use of LDoH healthcare resources and also aid in public awareness endeavours.