bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tinjauan Yuridis Penegakan Hukum Pada Perusahaan Yang Melakukan Upaya Menghalangi Pembentukan Serikat Pekerja/Buruh di Indonesia
Authors: Dwi Atmoko  , Niru Anita Sinaga  , Selamat Lumban Gaol
Published: December 2023

When discussing law enforcement, the establishment of a trade union organization must of course have a legal basis. The legal basis for Law Number 21 of 2000 concerning Trade Unions is a development of thought originating from Article 28 Letters C, E, G, H and I of the Law. 1945 Constitution, As it progressed, there were many companies and company owners who rejected the establishment of labor unions. The focus of the problem topic in this research is how civil and criminal threats and their application are for company leaders who refuse to establish a labor union and whether law enforcement efforts for perpetrators of company leaders who reject the establishment of a labor union have been effective.Furthermore, this research uses juridical-normative research methods. The normative juridical research method is a library research on secondary data. The main objective of this research is how criminal or civil threats can be imposed on company leaders for refusing to establish a Work Union, contained in the provisions of Article 43 of Law Number 21 of 2000, but in the procedural legal process there is still a vacuum regarding the authority of the party carrying out the investigation. and registration numbers from the Drug Control Agency and law enforcement efforts for perpetrators of company leaders who refuse to establish a labor union, are still minimal in Indonesia, criminal efforts against company leaders who refuse to establish a labor union, it is known that from 2011 to 2016 each year there were only one or two cases, while the fact is that there are so many companies that carry out union busting actions in Indonesia and the dynamics of their resolution.
Eksistensi Penggunaan Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang (Perpu) Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia
Authors: Ofis Rikardo  , Syawalludin  , Justitia Raka
Published: December 2023

Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (Perpu) is a legal instrument provided by the UUD 1945 to overcome pressing emergency situations. This definition of compelling urgency has no limitations on what constitutes a compelling urgency so that the government, in this case the president, can issue a Perpu that is contrary to the law. Perpu and law are at the same level/degree, this shows that Perpu regulates the same things as those regulated in law. So the DPR must also actively supervise both the enactment and implementation of the Perpu in the field, lest it be excessive and conflict with the initial objectives behind it.
TAG QUESTIONS: OLIVIA POPE'S WOMEN’S LANGUAGE DOMINANCE IN "SCANDAL" TV SHOW, SEASON 5
Authors: Hardiyanti Risma , Maharani Santika I Dewa Ayu Devi
Published: December 2023

This research, titled Tag Questions: Olivia Pope's Linguistic Dominance in "Scandal" TV Show, Season 5, examined language features used mostly by women. The research sought to identify the tag question as one of the gender-specific linguistic elements utilized by Olivia Pope. This research focuses on Lakoff's (1975) idea of the linguistic characteristics of women. The formal and informal techniques are used to convey the analysis, which was conducted using qualitative methods based on Lakoff's (1975) theory about women's language. The data was gathered using the documentation method. The research revealed that the female main character employed one dominant kind of one of the 10 categories of women’s language traits. Because the female main character in this TV series season 5 was a typical independent woman who tended to turn a statement into a question to reduce the force of the statement, the results demonstrate that tag questions became the dominant type of women's language feature uttered in this TV series season 5.
A SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS FOUND ON A POSTER IN KITKAT INSTAGRAM ACCOUNT
Authors: Pratama I Gde Saputra , Suastini Ni Wayan
Published: December 2023

This study discusses the importance of effective communication in exchanging information and ideas between individuals through verbal and visual signs. A semiotic approach is used to analyze the meaning contained in the Instagram KitKat poster. The theory of Saussure (2011) and Barthes (1977) was used to analyze the verbal and visual signs on the posters. The aim of this analysis is to understand what verbal and visual signs are and to uncover the complex messages behind their surface appearances, highlighting how signs are used to convey each meaning. Three KitKat posters from the @kitkat account were reviewed, revealing a dynamic brand communication strategy. This analysis shows how verbal signs such as slogans and brand names relate to visual signs such as images and symbols to create subtle narratives about KitKat posters that imply the meaning of always enjoying KitKat during break time. This research increases the understanding of how brands use semiotics to build strong messages across various dimensions of communication.
COORDINATE STRUCTURE OF COMPOUND SENTENCES FOUND IN BRITANNICA.COM ABOUT TITANIC
Authors: Datu Ida Ayu Kadek Nova Chintya Dwipa
Published: December 2023

In this study, the types of coordinating conjunctions used in sentences about the Titanic on Britannica.com are analyzed.  This study's objective is to identify the different kinds of coordinating conjunctions used in compound phrases. In this study, the data were analyzed using a descriptive qualitative approach based on the theory put forward by Quirk and Greenbaum (1973). The 52 total data were broken down into three categories—syndetic coordination, asyndetic coordination, and syndetic and asyndetic coordination—that describe the three forms of coordinating conjunctions used in compound sentences. This study specifically discovered all three types of coordination in complex phrases. 27 data are coordinated synthetically, 18 data are coordinated asyndetically, and 7 data are coordinated syndetically and asyndetically. In syndetic coordination, there are 21 data using “and”, 5 data using “but”, and 1 data using “so”. While, in asyndetic coordination there are 15 data using “comma” (,), and 3 data using “semicolon” (;). The last 7 data are using both syndetic and asyndetic coordination.
MACROSCOPIC AND MICROSCOPIC FEATURES OF FIREARM PENETRATING ABDOMINAL INJURIES WITH DAMAGE TO THE APPENDIX
Authors: Khoroshun Eduard M. , Nehoduiko Volodymyr V. , Makarov Vitaly V. , Panasenko Serhiy I. , Yakymova Tamara P. , Tertyshnyi Serhii V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. In the structure of combat abdominal trauma during all periods of hostilities (according to ATO/JFO data), gunshot wounds dominated, accounting for 87.1%. An analysis of the distribution of those injured with gunshot wounds by the type of projectile causing the injury showed a prevalence of shrapnel injuries over bullet wounds – more than 80%.

The aim of the research was to analyze the macroscopic and microscopic changes in firearm penetrating abdominal injuries with damage to the appendix.

Materials and Methods. Eight appendectomies were performed due to firearm penetrating abdominal injuries with damage to the appendix. Complaints, medical history, examination data, ultrasound examination according to the FAST protocol, and radiological examinations were studied in all injured patients. To refine the diagnosis and determine the scope of surgical intervention, the WOLF videoendoscopic system was used.

Histological examination of the removed appendices was performed, which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with the Van Gieson stain. A complex of pathomorphological studies was conducted using the Primo Star microscope (Carl Zeiss) at a magnification of ×140.

Results. All injuries occurred while wearing a bulletproof vest and were characterized as blind, with 1 (12.5%) being gunshot wounds and 7 (87.5%) being shrapnel wounds. The entrance wound in firearm blind penetrating abdominal injuries with appendix damage was located in the right hypochondriac region – 4 (50%), right flank – 1 (12.5%), right inguinal region – 2 (25%), and mesogastric region – 1 (12.5%) cases. The average size of the entrance wound on the skin was 23.3±0.4×12.4±0.3 cm. All skin wounds were outside the bulletproof vest protection area.

The injuries to the appendix had an average size of 15.4±1.2×9.3±0.1 cm. All removed foreign bodies were larger than 1 cm in their largest dimension.

Conclusions. In most cases of firearm penetrating abdominal injuries, damage to the appendix is noted with an entrance wound predominantly on the right side. Macroscopically, in firearm blind penetrating abdominal injuries with appendix involvement, the wound on the skin is larger than on the appendix. All foreign metal bodies removed from the abdominal cavity after firearm shrapnel blind abdominal injuries with appendix involvement were of large size. Contusional injuries to the appendix tend to undergo destructive transformation, requiring surgical treatment - appendectomy. The increased frequency of appendix injuries can be explained by the widespread use of shrapnel ammunition in abdominal injuries when personal protective equipment does not provide protection for this area.
VISCERAL MIGRATING LARVA. CLINICAL CASES. UKRAINIAN BURDEN
Authors: Mavrutenkov Viktor V. , Prokhach Anna V. , Shkarupa Dmytro G. , Kovalchuk Olena H.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The work highlights the problematic issues of diagnosis and treatment of toxocariasis infection in people in Ukraine, which become even more acute and urgent due to the migration of the population and animals, and the destruction of the country's infrastructure as a result of the war unleashed by Russia.
The aim of the study. Improvement of aspects of clinical, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics, as well as treatment of VML in humans
Materials and methods. A literature research of the state of the problem of primary and differential diagnosis of the migrating larva in Ukraine and the world has been conducted. 2 clinical cases of diagnosis and treatment of migrating larva in are described.
Results. The article describes two clinical cases of visceral migrating larva. The differences of these cases, in addition to the migrating formations in the lungs, were the asymptomatic course, the absence of eosinophilia, and the simultaneous determination of blood class G antibodies by ELISA to Toxocar and human roundworm (A. lumbricoide), which persisted even after treatment. Patients at the stage of diagnosis were examined in an oncology hospital, were consulted by thoracic surgeons and oncologists to exclude lung cancer. Both women were immunocompetent, one patient had a history of cervical cancer. From the epidemiological anamnesis, both women kept cats, and one of them, during chemotherapy for the treatment of a tumor, had a propensity for carnivorous raw-eating. Before prescribing systemic antiparasitic chemotherapy, the patients were examined by an ophthalmologist to exclude parasitic chorioretinitis. The patients were prescribed a 20-day course of albendazal 800 mg/day in two doses. Support therapy consisted of a 5-day course of prednisolone at a dose of 30 mg/day orally in two doses, which started one day before the appointment of albendazole. A control CT scan of the lungs after therapy did not reveal any formations, fibrosis, or calcifications.
Discussion. This case proves that tocoscarosis in humans is a multidisciplinary medical and social problem. Conclusions were made on the need to restore the national registration of the disease, adopt national consensuses on treatment and diagnosis, and implement into clinical practice modern methods of verification of specific antibodies to nematodes based on immunoblotting.
Conclusions. The registration of cases of VML and T. in the system of control and prevention of infectious diseases in Ukraine should be resumed. It is expedient to introduce specific studies on nematodes in clinical laboratory practice.
Afterword
Authors: Nuttall Mark
Published: December 2023

The articles in this special issue of Social Anthropology reposition volatility as a critical concern for anthropological enquiry. At a time of global uncertainty – marked by environmental, economic, geopolitical and humanitarian crises – it seems that everyday life is more volatile than ever. But what does describing it so actually mean? Volatility is commonly understood to be a characteristic of, or a tendency for, things to change quickly and abruptly. It is often a way to describe a person's behaviour or even their character – to account for someone's rapid and perhaps surprising switch to anger and rage, for example. Some may, though, more usually think of volatility as an explanatory term that economists, business strategists and risk managers employ to describe, understand and forecast fluctuations in financial markets, trading and commodity price shocks, or when analysing the boom-and-bust nature of oil production and energy-dependent economies (e.g. Andersen and Bollerslev 2018; Campello and Zucco 2021; Sinclair 2013). Sociologists and political scientists also think of volatility as a useful hermeneutic for analysing the fragility and precarity of societies and political systems, as the editors and contributors of a recent book do when considering the future of democracies in Asia (Hsiao and Yang 2022). Ecologists talk of volatile ecosystems (e.g. Exton et al 2014), the nature of which become more urgent to understand in a rapidly changing world, and although the idea of abrupt change in climate systems and ecosystems is not new, the vast and ever-growing body of scientific literature about it now drips with references to thresholds and tipping points, to uncertainty, unpredictability, and to the transgression of planetary boundaries (e.g. Lenton 2013; Bonan and Doney 2018; Steffen et al 2018).
IMPACT OF LEGAL AND REGULATORY QUALITIES ON FDI INFLOW: A COMPARISON OF DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Authors: TOPÇU Güneş
Published: December 2023

The objective of this research is to determine the impact of legal and regulatory qualities on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and explore its impact in developed and developing countries, comparatively. The sample comprises data on FDI inflows from 66 countries, spanning the period 2008 to 2021. To estimate the regression parameters, the quantile regression with fixed effects model proposed by Machado and Santos Silva (2019) was employed. Additionally, the regression results were supported using random effects and fixed effects models with Driscoll-Kraay (1998) standard errors. The results of the quantile regression analysis reveal that legal and regulatory qualities have a positively significant effect on FDI inflows. This impact is greater in developing countries than in developed countries, and the discrepancy increases with higher FDI levels. These findings hold important policy implications for decision-makers. To attract FDI, particularly in developing countries, it is crucial to strengthen legal systems by safeguarding property rights, establishing contractual certainty, and implementing effective dispute resolution mechanisms. More so, efforts should be taken to reduce rent-seeking behavior and prevent powerful groups from receiving unfair advantages. Failure to address these issues may increase the risks and impede a country's economic development in the long run.
Provjera faktorske strukture Upitnika moralnih temelja na uzorku hrvatskih studenata
Authors: Takšić Iva , Kalebić Maglica Barbara
Published: December 2023

Teorija moralnih temelja (Haidt i Joseph, 2004) u posljednjih se dvadesetak godina sve češće nameće kao vodeća teorija u području psihologije morala. Prema toj teoriji postoji pet osnovnih moralnih temelja: briga, pravednost, lojalnost, autoritet i čistunstvo. Osim toga, postoje i temelji višega reda nazvani individualističkim (koji uključuje brigu i pravednost) i kolektivističkim (koji uključuje autoritet, lojalnost i čistunstvo). Za ispitivanje prihvaćanja različitih vrsta moralnih temelja kod pojedinaca razvijen je Upitnik moralnih temelja (Graham i sur., 2011), izvorno validiran na američkoj populaciji, a kasnije i na drugim uzorcima diljem svijeta. Rezultati pokazuju da je na nekim uzorcima prikladnija petofaktorska struktura koju sačinjavaju osnovni moralni temelji, a na drugim je uzorcima prikladnija dvofaktorska struktura koju sačinjavaju temelji višega reda. S obzirom na međukulturnu osjetljivost ispitivanja moralnih dimenzija, osnovni je cilj ovoga rada provjeriti prikladnost dviju faktorskih struktura Upitnika moralnih temelja na hrvatskome uzorku (dvofaktorsku i petofaktorsku strukturu). Istraživanje je uključivalo 433 sudionika prosječne dobi 21.72 (SD = 4.1) godine. Uz prikupljanje demografskih podataka te podataka o političkoj orijentaciji i stupnju religioznosti, sudionici su ispunili Upitnik moralnih temelja i Skalu stavova prema homoseksualnim skupinama. Provedena je konfirmatorna faktorska analiza u svrhu ispitivanja najprikladnijega modela Upitnika moralnih temelja za primjenu na hrvatskoj populaciji te je ispitana kriterijska valjanost. Rezultati pokazuju da originalno predložena petofaktorska struktura (briga, pravednost, lojalnost, autoritet i čistunstvo) nije prikladna, no dvofaktorska struktura (individualistički i kolektivistički moralni temelji) pokazala se pogodnijom za primjenu na hrvatskome uzorku, pri čemu su koeficijenti pouzdanosti za obje dimenzije visoki. Rezultati upućuju na to da Upitnik moralnih temelja treba razmatrati kao dvofaktorski te da je on prikladan za buduća mjerenja moralnih temelja na hrvatskome uzorku.
Doprinos percepcije roditeljskih sukoba i konstruktivne komunikacije s partnerom kvaliteti veze
Authors: Batinić Lana
Published: December 2023

Prema teoriji socijalnoga učenja roditelji su prvi modeli partnerskoga odnosa te potomci iz njihove interakcije koju opažaju usvajaju različite obrasce ponašanja. Ako su ti opaženi obrasci bili neadaptivni i ako je roditeljski odnos bio obilježen mnogobrojnim sukobima i/ili razvodom, može doći do međunaraštajnoga prijenosa bračne nestabilnosti. Partnerski odnos postaje još složeniji kada uzmemo u obzir da je on rezultat interakcije dvoje ljudi koji su u njega donijeli različita iskustva i vještine. Dijadna nam metodologija omogućava da uzmemo u obzir upravo tu zavisnost partnera u odnosu i dođemo do podataka o njihovoj interakciji. Stoga je cilj ovoga rada bio ispitati ulogu konstruktivne komunikacije u vezi kao potencijalnoga medijatora između percepcije roditeljskih sukoba tijekom odrastanja i kvalitete veze u mlađoj odrasloj dobi jer je to razdoblje u kojemu je jedan od glavnih razvojnih zadataka uspostava kvalitetnoga partnerskog odnosa. Koristeći prošireni model međusobne zavisnosti aktera i partnera (APIMeM) na uzorku od 309 heteroseksualnih parova, nismo pronašli značajan izravan efekt percepcije roditeljskih sukoba na kvalitetu veze ni kod žena ni kod muškaraca. Međutim, muškarčeva konstruktivna komunikacija pokazala se kao medijator i kod muškaraca i kod žena. Konkretno, muškarčeva percepcija izraženijih roditeljskih sukoba ima negativan efekt na njegove vještine konstruktivne komunikacije, koje zatim imaju efekt na smanjen doživljaj kvalitete veze (efekt aktera), no muškarčeve vještine konstruktivne komunikacije također doprinose ženinu smanjenom doživljaju kvalitete veze (efekt partnera).
Концертне виконавство та публічні виступи як засіб творчого розвитку студентів-фольклористів
Authors: Цапун Раїса , Сінельнікова Валентина
Published: December 2023

Мета статті – висвітлення аспектів підготовки до концертного виступу як особливого виду музично-виконавської діяльності в контексті професійного зростання студента – вокаліста – інтерпретатора традиційного співу.
Результати дослідження. Розглянуто аспекти, що є важливими складниками підготовки студентів-фольклористів до концертно-виконавської діяльності. Зокрема, це проблема підбору, опанування та виконавської інтерпретації творів музичної традиції певного локусу як основи формування репертуарної політики студента-фольклориста; аспект сценічного перевтілення виконавця та автентичного твору в сценічних умовах; питання подолання сценічного хвилювання та ін. Наголошено на тому, що спів автентичного пісенного твору може (й повинен) мати інтерпретаційні версії, адже кожне виконання актуалізує традицію.
Наукова новизна. Акцентовано увагу на значенні публічних виступів для виконавців у традиційній манері та проблемі підготовки традиційного музичного матеріалу до сценічного втілення («правдивого» відтворення автентичного твору в ансамблевому та сольному виконавстві в непритаманних йому сценічних умовах).
Висновки. Підготовка до концертного виступу студентів-фольклористів має бути комплексною й передбачати як опанування музично-виконавських особливостей традиційного локусу, так і роботу над розвитком артистизму (сценічним перевтіленням, рухом, увагою) та психологічними особливостями подолання сценічного хвилювання. Основними критеріями підготовки сценічної презентації автентичного твору є розуміння стилю, характеру й манери виконання традиційного вокального репертуару; створення на сцені природного звукового й візуального образу виконавської традиції. Репертуарна палітра виконавця-фольклориста передбачає показ власних виконавських варіантів народних пісень із врахуванням регіональних виконавських особливостей. Прагнення до виконання оригінальних маловідомих народнопісенних творів дозволить знайти виконавцеві свій неповторний стиль і творчу індивідуальність.
Феномен сучасної хореографії Річарда Алстона
Authors: Бігус Ольга
Published: December 2023

Мета статті – виявити особливості авторського стилю сучасного танцю Р. Алстона та з’ясувати його внесок у розвиток сучасної хореографії.
Результати дослідження. На основі здійсненого аналізу доведено зростання інтересу до творчої діяльності хореографа, яка уособлює трансформацію художньої естетики британського танцю з 60-х рр. ХХ ст. Виявлено, що найулюбленіші мотиви хореографа висвітлюють дві дуже промовисті характеристики стилю: координацію та здатність рухатися легко – як на великій швидкості, так і надзвичайно повільно. Вказано, що у власних постановках Р. Алстон використовував абстрактну техніку в поєднанні з наративом, трактування якого вимагало від глядача значної розумової діяльності. Зазначено, що творчість Р. Алстона через глибинний психологічний зміст постановок можна розглядати як хореографічний інтрасуб’єктивізм.
Наукова новизна. Вперше у вітчизняному мистецтвознавстві досліджено творчість одного з провідних європейських хореографів другої половини ХХ – перших десятиліть ХХІ ст. Р. Алстона; з’ясовано вплив творчості Р. Алстона на розвиток британської сучасної танцювальної ідіоми; виявлено особливості авторського стилю хореографа.
Висновки. Р. Алстон – один із найвідоміших західноєвропейських танцівників та хореографів останньої чверті ХХ – перших десятиліть ХХІ ст., у творчості якого інтегровані провідні художні тенденції доби. У низці хореографічних постановок Р. Алстона простежуються певні хореографічні особливості, які в сукупності утворюють своєрідний стиль, основою якого є техніка сучасного танцю М. Грем, класичний балет, тайцзи, техніка Мерса Кеннінгема та історичні танці. Серед чинників, що вплинули на формування стилю хореографа, назвемо такі: інтерес до танцювально-музичної взаємодії; нові експериментальні форми, що сприяли фрагментації танцю, зіставленню ідей для створення колажу різних значень і залученню інтелекту глядача; використання децентралізації простору М. Каннінгема. Унікальний стиль майстра, сформований протягом 1979–1980-х рр., здійснив величезний вплив на хореографічне мистецтво в світовому масштабі, а його творчі погляди на процес постановки хореографічного твору стали підґрунтям для подальших експериментів сучасних митців. Творчість Р. Алстона через глибинний психологічний зміст постановок можна розглядати як хореографічний інтрасуб’єктивізм. Його художні новації в дослідженні взаємодії танцю з іншими видами мистецтва стали стимулами трансформації художньо-естетичних принципів, жанрово стильової палітри та композиційно-технічного арсеналу сучасної хореографії.
Образ краси як провідний критерій флеш-іміджу від ХХ до початку ХХІ століття
Authors: Шкурко Валентина
Published: December 2023

Мета статті полягає в дослідженні трансформації флеш-іміджу від ХХ до початку ХХІ ст. як провідного критерію образу краси.
Результати дослідження. Проаналізовано та визначено основні категоріальні поняття нашого дослідження: образ, образ «Я», флеш-імідж, модний образ. Розглянуто трансформацію флеш-іміджу жінок у період з ХХ до початку ХХІ ст. Охарактеризовано кожний новий етап та описано зміни, які відбувалися у флеш-іміджі жінок тих років. Зазначено, що в сучасному суспільстві набувають значимості модні тенденції та інновації за допомогою яких у людини під впливом соціокультурних процесів формується ставлення до власного тіла. Обґрунтовано, що флеш-імідж як критерій образу краси з'являється за допомогою дизайнерських практик у різних сферах модного мистецтва. Звернуто увагу на те, що в сучасному розвиненому суспільстві все більшої популярності набуває б’юті-індустрія, яка поєднує в собі косметологію, перукарське мистецтво, нігтьовий сервіс, візаж та перманентний макіяж. Встановлено, що на формування флеш-іміджу також впливають сучасні модні тренди одягу. В ході наукової розвідки також з’ясовано, що в останні роки сучасні жінки під час формування свого флеш-іміджу приділяють увагу екологічності збереження свого тіла в контексті модних інновацій.
Наукова новизна. У статті вперше проаналізовано флеш-імідж у дизайнерських практиках моди ХХ-го – початку ХХІ-го ст. й розкривається специфіка художньо-образної репрезентації жіночих флеш-образів у моді цього періоду.
Висновки. Флеш-імідж пов’язаний з темами образу людського тіла, тілесності та модного іміджу. Людське тіло використовується як еталон образу краси. У суспільній свідомості уявлення про образ краси поширюються й відстоюються через моду. Мода ХХ-го – початку ХХІ-го ст. відмовилася від єдиного ідеалу краси й запропонувала різноманітні образи, які фокусувалися не на наборі індивідуальних характеристик, а на цілісності модного флеш-образу.
The ratio of lymphocyte/red blood cells and platelets/lymphocytes are predictive biomarkers for lymph node metastasis in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Wang Haofeng , Yu Jinling , Shen Weida , Zhao Haiyan , Cui Jing , Gao Beimin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Axillary lymph node metastasis (LNM) affects the progression of breast cancer. However, it is difficult to preoperatively diagnose axillary lymph node status with high sensitivity. Therefore, we hypothesized that platelets/lymphocytes ratio (PLR) and lymphocytes/ red blood cells ratio (LRR) might help in the prognosis of lymph node metastasis in T1-T2 breast cancer. METHODS: 166 patients (Chang Ning Maternity & Infant Health Institute) were included in our study, and the associations of PLR and LPR with lymph node metastasis were investigated. Peripheral blood was collected one week before the surgery, and the patients were divided into different categories based on their PLR and LRR. RESULTS: The incidence of LNM was significantly increased in the high PLR group (p= 0.002) compared with the low PLR group; LNM was also significantly increased in the low LRR group (p= 0.036) compared with the high LPR group. Further, our study revealed that high PLR (p< 0.001, OR = 4.397, 95% CI = 2.005–9.645), low LRR (p= 0.017, OR = 0.336, 95%CI = 0.136–0.825) and high clinical T stage (p< 0.001, OR = 3.929, 95%CI = 1.913–8.071) are independent predictors of LNM. CONCLUSIONS: PLR and LRR could be identified as predictors of LNM in patients with T1/T2 breast cancer.
Identification of the six-hormone secretion-related gene signature as a prognostic biomarker for colon adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jia Xiongjie , Zhang Tao , Lv Xinze , Du Haiwei , Sun Yongkun , Guan Yin
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND: Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is a globally prevalent cancer, with hormone secretion playing a crucial role in its progression. Despite this, there is limited understanding of the impact of hormone secretion on COAD prognosis. This study aimed to establish a prognostic signature based on hormone secretion-related genes and to elucidate the potential functional mechanisms of these genes in COAD. METHODS: Using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas COAD cohort (TCGA-COAD), six hormone secretion-related genes were identified (CYP19A1, FOXD1, GRP, INHBB, SPP1, and UCN). These genes were used to develop a Hormone secretion score (HSS), which was then evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariable Cox analysis. The HSS model was further validated with external GEO cohorts (GSE41258, GSE39582, and GSE87211). Functional enrichment analyses were performed, and the CIBERSORT and TIDE algorithms were used to assess tumor infiltration. RESULTS: The study developed a prognostic signature, dividing patients into HSS-high and HSS-low groups. The HSS-high group showed a notably worse prognosis within the TCGA-COAD dataset and in three independent datasets: GSE41258, GSE39582, and GSE87211. Moreover, the HSS-high group predicted a shorter overall survival rate in patients maintaining microsatellite stability (MSS). The functional analysis associated HSS-high with the hypoxic, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and TGF-β signaling pathways and correlated with distant and lymph node metastases. The tumor immune microenvironment analysis revealed an elevated CIBERSORT score in the HSS-high group, suggesting an association with tumor metastasis. Further, the HSS-high group showed a higher TIDE score, indicating that patients with high HSS scores are less likely to benefit from Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) therapy. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the prognostic significance of a HSS signature based on six hormone secretion-related genes in COAD. The findings suggest that this gene signature may serve as a reliable biomarker for predicting survival outcomes in COAD patients.
How graph features from message passing affect graph classification and regression?
Authors: Yamada Masatsugu , Sugiyama Mahito
Published: December 2023

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been applied to various graph domains. However, GNNs based on the message passing scheme, which iteratively aggregates information from neighboring nodes, have difficulty learning to represent larger subgraph structures because of the nature of the scheme. We investigate the prediction performance of GNNs when the number of message passing iteration increases to capture larger subgraph structures on classification and regression tasks using various real-world graph datasets. Our empirical results show that the averaged features over nodes obtained by the message passing scheme in GNNs are likely to converge to a certain value, which significantly deteriorates the resulting prediction performance. This is in contrast to the state-of-the-art Weisfeiler–Lehman graph kernel, which has been used actively in machine learning for graphs, as it can comparably learn the large subgraph structures and its performance does not usually drop significantly drop from the first couple of rounds of iterations. Moreover, we report that when we apply node features obtained via GNNs to SVMs, the performance of the Weisfeiler-Lehman kernel can be superior to that of the graph convolutional model, which is a typically employed approach in GNNs.
The role of consultative leadership on administrative development
Authors: Omar Ayas Mohammed Rasheed , Auso Khairi Ali
Published: December 2023

Consultative leadership is a democratic style that deliberately incorporates employees into organizational management and decision-making to increase employees’ feelings of ownership and align their objectives with company objectives. As a result, during their everyday tasks, leaders constantly utilize “consultation management” for their staff. As examples, consider how to coordinate reports, communicate key ideas, and use a variety of flexible promotion strategies. This study investigates the role of consultive leadership on administrative development in developing countries. For this reason, this study has applied a questionnaire to take the respondents’ opinions in the Iraqi ministry of interior affairs. Using the Likert scale has provided quantitative value for the qualitative study. For this reason, questionnaires were provided, and this study’s results showed a positive correlation between consultative leadership and administrative development. As a result, the organization’s leader has more chances to administer the organization successfully than a manager or an unofficial leader who lacks status power.
Shifting the Paradigm of Nursing Home Care for People with Dementia: The Italian Experience of Il Paese Ritrovato and the Impact of SARS-CoV-21
Authors: Mazzola Paolo , Zanetti Mariella , Ferraguzzi Gaia , Villa Maria Letizia , Sandrini Maria Cristina , Fumagalli Marco , Volpi Maurizio , Caggiu Giulia , Monzio Compagnoni Matteo , Mecocci Patrizia , Bellelli Giuseppe
Published: December 2023

Background: Il Paese Ritrovato is an Italian nursing home founded in 2018, it is based on the Alzheimer village model and admits people with mild-to-moderate dementia. Objective: Describe the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on people living at Il Paese Ritrovato through a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) regularly administered prior to and during the pandemic. Methods: We explored the effects of a person-centered approach. We assessed 64 subjects (enrolled and followed between June 2018 and December 2020), who underwent at least 18 months of observation prior to the pandemic. Each subject was evaluated using a CGA on admission time (T0) and at defined time-points: T6, T12, T18. One last CGA evaluation was performed during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic (TCovid-19). Temporal trends during T0–T18, and differences between T18 and TCovid-19 were calculated. Results: The mean age was 82 years with a prevalence for females (77.0%) and Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis (60%). Psychiatric and behavioral disorders were the most common conditions (80%). We utilized a nonpharmacological approach aimed at promoting the residents’ overall wellbeing and observed satisfactory performance during the first 18 months. In comparison with the pre-pandemic period, TCovid-19 enlightened +11.7% use of antidepressants and a decline of Mini-Mental State Examination mean values (not statistically significant), while engagement in activities dropped. Conclusions: The pandemic may have disrupted the existing model of care, but at the same time, it confirmed that the Il Paese Ritrovato approach, which encompasses symptoms improvement and multicomponent support, is in fact beneficial.
What Does ChatGPT Know About Dementia? A Comparative Analysis of Information Quality
Authors: Dosso Jill A. , Kailley Jaya N. , Robillard Julie M.
Published: December 2023

The quality of information about dementia retrieved using ChatGPT is unknown. Content was evaluated for length, readability, and quality using the QUEST, a validated tool, and compared against online material from three North American organizations. Both sources of information avoided conflicts of interest, supported the patient-physician relationship, and used a balanced tone. Official bodies but not ChatGPT referenced identifiable research and pointed to local resources. Users of ChatGPT are likely to encounter accurate but shallow information about dementia. Recommendations are made for information creators and providers who counsel patients around digital health practices.
Associations Between Plasma Orexin-A Level and Constipation in Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Yang Mengli , Gan Jinghuan , Liu Shuai , Yang Yaqi , Han Jiuyan , Meng Qingbo , Yang Fan , Ji Yong
Published: December 2023

Background: Constipation is a common symptom in dementia, and the cause is controversial. Rare clinical studies focused on plasma orexin-A levels and constipation in dementia. Objective: To evaluate the associations between orexin-A and constipation in patients with cognitive impairment. Methods: A total of 21 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 142 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and 57 with Lewy body dementia (LBD) were conducted. Besides informant-based history, neurological examinations or neuropsychological assessments, plasma levels of orexin-A, and constipation were assessed. The associations between orexin-A and constipation were evaluated by logistic regression models. Results: There were 47/220 (21.36%) cognitive impairment patients having constipation, and the proportion of constipation in LBD (61.40%) was significantly higher than AD (5.63%) and MCI (19.05%). No significant age or sex differences in the prevalence of constipation were found in the MCI, AD, and LBD groups. We found the cognitive impairment patients with constipation had lower levels of plasma orexin-A [1.00 (0.86, 1.28) versus 1.29 (1.01, 1.50) ng/ml, p < 0.001] than those without. And the plasma levels of orexin-A were significantly associated with the occurrence of constipation after adjusting for all variables in all patients with cognitive impairment (OR = 0.151, 95% CI: 0.042–0.537, p = 0.003). And the same finding was more prominent in the LBD group (p = 0.048). Conclusions: The decrease of plasma level of orexin-A is closely associated with the occurrence of constipation. Orexin-A has an intestinal protective effect and is involved in the gastrointestinal symptoms of patients with cognitive impairment.
A Community-Based Study of Dementia in Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White Individuals
Authors: Morgenstern Lewis B. , Briceño Emily M. , Mehdipanah Roshanak , Chang Wen , Lewandowski-Romps Lisa , Gonzales Xavier F. , Levine Deborah A. , Langa Kenneth M. , Garcia Nelda , Khan Noreen , Zahuranec Darin B. , Heeringa Steven G.
Published: December 2023

Background: Little information is available on the prevalence of cognitive impairment in Mexican American persons. Objective: To determine the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in those 65 years and older among Mexican American and non-Hispanic white individuals in a community. Methods: This was a population-based cohort study in Nueces County, Texas, USA. Participants were recruited using a random housing sample. The Harmonized Cognitive Assessment (HCAP) participant and informant protocol was performed after Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) screening. An algorithm was used to sort participants into diagnostic categories: no cognitive impairment, MCI, or dementia. Logistic regression determined the association of ethnicity with MCI and dementia controlling for age, gender, and education. Results: 1,901 participants completed the MoCA and 547 the HCAP. Mexican Americans were younger and had less educational attainment than non-Hispanic whites. Overall, dementia prevalence was 11.6% (95% CI 9.2–14.0) and MCI prevalence was 21.2% (95% CI 17.5–24.8). After adjusting for age, gender, and education level, there was no significant ethnic difference in the odds of dementia or MCI. Those with ≤11 compared with ≥16 years of education had much higher dementia [OR = 4.9 (95% CI 2.2–11.1)] and MCI risk [OR = 3.5 (95% CI 1.6–7.5)]. Conclusions: Dementia and MCI prevalence were high in both Mexican American and non-Hispanic white populations. Mexican American persons had double the odds of mild cognitive impairment and this was attenuated when age and educational attainment were considered. Educational attainment was a potent predictor of cognitive impairment.
Blood Markers in Relation to a History of Traumatic Brain Injury Across Stages of Cognitive Impairment in a Diverse Cohort
Authors: LoBue Christian , Stopschinski Barbara E. , Saez Calveras Nil , Douglas Peter M. , Huebinger Ryan , Cullum C. Munro , Hart John , Gonzales Mitzi M.
Published: December 2023

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been linked to multiple pathophysiological processes that could increase risk for Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). However, the impact of prior TBI on blood biomarkers for ADRD remains unknown. Objective: Using cross-sectional data, we assessed whether a history of TBI influences serum biomarkers in a diverse cohort (approximately 50% Hispanic) with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or dementia. Methods: Levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NFL), total tau (T-tau), and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1) were measured for participants across the cognitive spectrum. Participants were categorized based on presence and absence of a history of TBI with loss of consciousness, and study samples were derived through case-control matching. Multivariable general linear models compared concentrations of biomarkers in relation to a history of TBI and smoothing splines modelled biomarkers non-linearly in the cognitively impaired groups as a function of time since symptom onset. Results: Each biomarker was higher across stages of cognitive impairment, characterized by clinical diagnosis and Mini-Mental State Examination performance, but these associations were not influenced by a history of TBI. However, modelling biomarkers in relation to duration of cognitive symptoms for ADRD showed differences by history of TBI, with only GFAP and UCHL1 being elevated. Conclusions: Serum GFAP, NFL, T-tau, and UCHL1 were higher across stages of cognitive impairment in this diverse clinical cohort, regardless of TBI history, though longitudinal investigation of the timing, order, and trajectory of the biomarkers in relation to prior TBI is warranted.
Application of Internet of Things and multimedia technology in English online teaching
Authors: Yan Jing , Chen Aiping , Chao Jinjin
Published: December 2023

This study aims to explore the application status of Internet of Things and multimedia technology in English online teaching and its optimization measures. The Internet of Things is a technology that connects objects together and realizes information exchange through the network, while multimedia technology refers to the integration and processing of different forms of information including text, images, sound, video and so on. Firstly, the development status of Internet of Things and multimedia technology at home and abroad, as well as the development trend and demand of online English teaching, are analyzed. Secondly, through a questionnaire survey, data on the teaching methods, content, student feedback, and teachers’ teaching methods and effects in English online teaching were collected. Through in-depth data analysis and empirical research, this paper discusses how to integrate the Internet of Things and multimedia technology to build a more efficient online English teaching model. On this basis, the problems existing in the Internet of Things and multimedia technology in English online teaching are summarized, such as uneven application of technology, lack of targeted teaching design, and insufficient interactivity. In response to these problems, a series of optimization measures are proposed, including balancing the application of technology, personalized teaching design, improving interactivity, cultivating independent learning ability and solving technical problems. Finally, the future development of English online teaching in the application of Internet of Things and multimedia technology is prospected, focusing on technological innovation and application, personalized and intelligent teaching, teaching mode and method innovation, teacher role change and evaluation system construction.
A study on the relationship between students’ psychological depression and family situations using multi-factor logistic regression analysis
Authors: Luo Zhiyi
Published: December 2023

Long-term psychological depression can seriously damage the physical and mental growth of adolescent students, and effective interventions are needed to address students’ depression. This paper briefly introduced students’ depressive mood and surveyed students in three grades from ten high schools in Zhengzhou City in 2020 with questionnaires that included the degree of depression and family environment in addition to conventional information. After preliminary screening of indicators related to depressive mood, the influence of family environment on depressive mood was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that factors such as intimacy, recreation, and organization in the family environment could effectively suppress depressive mood, while ambivalent and controlling factors could exacerbate depressive mood.
A study on predicting students’ grades for ideological and political courses with decision tree generation rules
Authors: Zhao Jianwei , Li Wenjing
Published: December 2023

Predicting students’ course grades is an essential element in teaching. This paper used decision tree generation rules to study the prediction of students’ ideological and political course grades. Firstly, ID3 and C4.5 algorithms were briefly introduced; then, an improved C4.5 algorithm with higher computational efficiency was put forward. The formula of the C4.5 algorithm was optimized using theories such as the Taylor series. Finally, experiments were performed on the UCI dataset and students’ ideological and political course datasets. The results suggested that the average classification accuracy and computation time of the improved C4.5 algorithm was 79.37% and 74.1 ms, respectively, on the UCI dataset, which was better than the traditional C4.5 algorithm. Then, the experiment predicting students’ course grades demonstrated that the average quiz grade and the number of video views had the greatest impact on the final grades. The prediction accuracy of the improved C4.5 algorithm reached 93.46%, and the average computation time was 54.8 ms, which was 19.17% less than the C4.5 algorithm. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the generation rule of the improved C4.5 algorithm in predicting students’ ideological and political course grades. This algorithm can be applied in the actual grade prediction.
What are public preferences for air quality improvement policies? Additional information from extended choice models
Authors: Lei Bowen , Ao Changlin , Wei Yuehua , Long Yulin , Jiang Nan
Published: December 2023

Effectively assessing public preferences for air quality improvement policies is extremely important to environmental policy formulation, but developing policies that cater to public tastes is a great challenge. Although the random parameters logit (RPL) model in the choice experiment is widely used in relevant studies, it remains limited in revealing additional preference heterogeneity. Given this, the study applies two extended models in exploring public preference heterogeneity for air quality policies. An RPL model with heterogeneity in means and variances (RPL-HMV) and an RPL model with correlated random parameters (RPL-CRP) are used to provide more beneficial insights for policy analysis. The study shows that better-educated groups are more willing to pay for increasing urban green coverage, and income increases the randomness of such preferences’ distribution among groups. From the perspective of preferences, reducing heavy pollution days is positively associated with decreasing morbidity of respiratory diseases caused by outdoor air pollution and negatively correlated with improving urban green coverage. In addition, compared to the RPL-CRP model, the willingness to pay in the RPL model is overestimated by 14.72%. The study further clarifies public preferences for air quality policies, and the extra information revealed by extended models provides more valuable references for policy-making.