bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oral lesions, CD4 lymphocyte countand viral load of untreated HIV patients in Chiapas, Mexico
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Odontológicas y Salud Pública de la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas. Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Nájera-Ortiz JC , Chorley-Sánchez J ,   Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas de la Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas.  Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas
Published: March 2024

Objective:To determine the frequency of oral cavity lesions and their relationship with the CD4 cell countand viral load in patients with a recent diagnosis of HIV/AIDS in a reference unit for the care of HIV carriers.Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological study in patients diagnosed with HIV, which included oral clinical examination and analysis of laboratory data. Bivariate statistical techniques Chi2 and Student's t were used.Results: 58 patients diagnosed with HIV infection who attended the center during the study period were included. The most frequent diagnoses were pseudomembranous candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia. The variables associated with the CD4 cell count (both in absolute value and as a group) were the number of lesions and the presence of angular cheilitis. The absolute viral load was found to be associated with the number of lesions found, the presence of pseudomembranous candidiasis and hairy leukoplakia. When this parameter was grouped, the number of injuries was found associated.Conclusions: The viral load was associated with the appearance of lesions mostly related to HIV, so its presence could indicate progression of the infection and consequently that the oral health status of this group of subjects is lower than that of the general population. this zone
Profil Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Kulit Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr)
Authors: Mursidah Aisyah , Salam Supriatno , Agustina Risna
Published: March 2024

Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) is one of the plants that is widely consumed by the public. However, the use of pineapple fruit is mostly for the flesh of the fruit, while the skin of the fruit is thrown away and becomes waste. In fact, pineapple skin contains many chemical compounds that can be used because they have properties. The aim of this research was to determine the secondary metabolite compounds and antibacterial activity of pineapple peel. The results showed that pineapple peel extract was positive for containing flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and phenolics, while the negative results contained saponins, steroids and triterpenoids. Pineapple peel extract has moderate to very strong antibacterial activity with the diameter of the inhibition zone at concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% respectively being 11.69; 14.88; 17.51; 22.01 mm against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and 9.79;13.09;16.48;18.46 mm against Propionibacterium acnes bacteria.

Keywords:          Pineapple peel, antibacterial, Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acnes

 

Abstrak

Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) adalah salah satu tanaman yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Namun pemanfaatan buah nanas lebih banyak pada daging buahnya saja sedangkan kulit buahnya dibuang dan menjadi limbah. Padahal di dalam kulit buah nanas banyak terkandung senyawa kimia yang dapat dimanfaatkan karena memiliki khasiat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui senyawa metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas antibakteri dari kulit buah nanas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak kulit buah nanas positif mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin dan fenolik, sedangkan hasil negatif mengandung saponin, steroid dan triterpenoid. Ekstrak kulit buah nanas memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dengan kategori sedang hingga sangat kuat dengan diameter zona hambat pada konsentrasi 5%, 10%, 15% dan 20% secara berturut-turut adalah 11,69;14,88;17,51;22,01 mm terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan 9,79;13,09;16,48;18,46 mm terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acnes.

Kata Kunci:         Kulit nanas, antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus, Propionibacterium acnes
Pengaruh Kemoterapi terhadap Kadar Hematologi pada Pasien Kanker Payudara di RSUD dr. Kanujoso Djatiwibowo Balikpapan
Authors: Nabilah Annisa , Prabowo Wisnu Cahyo , Kuncoro Hadi
Published: March 2024

Breast cancer is a malignant disease of breast tissue that can originate from the duct epithelium or lobules. Breast cancer therapy can be done with several types of therapy, one of which is chemotherapy. The most common side effect of chemotherapy is myelosuppression, a decrease in blood cell levels because chemotherapy agents are toxic to blood-forming organs. This research was conducted to understand the effect of chemotherapy in reducing blood cell levels in breast cancer patients who received chemotherapy at RSUD dr. Kanujoso Djatiwibowo Balikpapan for the period July 2022 to June 2023. This research is descriptive with a cross-sectional design. Of the 82 samples, 50 patients (60%) had erythrocyte levels below normal; hemoglobin in 79 patients (96%); hematocrit in 75 patients (91%); neutrophils in 20 patients (24%); leukocytes in 25 patients (30%); and thrombocytes in 7 patients (9%). The most common hematological levels below normal are hemoglobins and hematocrits.

Keywords:          ca mamae, hematology, mielosuppresion

 

Abstrak

Kanker payudara merupakan penyakit keganasan pada jaringan payudara yang dapat berasal dari epitel duktus maupun lobulusnya. Terapi kanker payudara dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa macam terapi, salah satunya adalah kemoterapi. Efek samping kemoterapi yang paling umum adalah mielosupresi yaitu penurunan kadar sel darah karena agen kemoterapi bersifat toksik terhadap organ pembentuk darah. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran pengaruh kemoterapi dalam menurunkan kadar sel darah pasien kanker payudara yang menerima kemoterapi di RSUD dr. Kanujoso Djatiwibowo Balikpapan periode Juli 2022 sampai Juni 2023. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional.  Dari 82 sampel, pasien dengan kadar eritrosit dibawah normal sebanyak 50 pasien (60%); hemoglobin 79 pasien (96%); hematokrit 75 pasien (91%); neutrofil 20 pasien (24%); leukosit 25 pasien (30%); dan trombosit 7 pasien (9%). Kadar hematologi di bawah normal paling banyak adalah hemoglobin dan hematokrit.

Kata Kunci:         kanker payudara, hematologi, mielosupresi
Formulasi Sediaan Sabun Cair Ekstrak Etanol Daun Afrika (Vernonia Amygdalina Delile) dan Aktivitas Antibakterinya
Authors: Sagita Ervina Irmaya , Hikmawan Baso Didik , Ahmad Islamudin
Published: March 2024

Empirically, African leaves (Vernonia amygdalina delile) have been widely used by Indonesians as medicinal plants, especially for diseases caused by bacteria. Liquid soap is a soap that has a liquid form that produces more foam than solid soap so it is more attractive. This study aims to make the benefits of African leaves can be easily applied, so it is formulated in the form of liquid soap that meets the standards and also has an antibacterial effect. This research uses laboratory experimental qualitative and quantitative methods. The extract was obtained by maceration of simplisia with 96% ethanol, then variating the extract concentration to 5%, 10%, and 20% in the formula. The base formula is variating concentration of VCO, which are 20%, 25%, and 30%. The results showed that base formula 1 (F1) with 5% extract concentration had optimum characteristics, organoleptic test results of dark green color, liquid form that has a distinctive peppermint fragrance, pH value of 10.80, viscosity of 19 dpa.s, density of 1.086 g/mL, water content of 29.5%, foam stability of 95.56%, and free fatty acid content of 0.33%. Antibacterial test results against Staphylococcus aureus and Escerichia coli showed inhibition diameters of 23.8 mm and 25 mm respectively.

Keywords:          African leaves, Liquid soap, Antibacterial

 

Abstrak

Secara empiris daun afrika (Vernonia amygdalina delile) telah banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat Indonesia sebagai tumbuhan obat, salah satunya penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Sabun cair merupakan sabun yang memiliki bentuk cairan menghasilkan busa lebih banyak daripada sabun padat sehingga lebih menarik. Penelitian ini, memiliki tujuan untuk membuat kemanfaatan daun afrika tersebut dapat dengan mudah untuk diaplikasikan, sehingga diformulasikan dalam bentuk sabun cair yang memenuhi standar juga memiliki efek antibakteri. Penelitian ini menggunakan  metode kualitatif dan kuantitatif eksperimental laboratorium. Ekstrak didapatkan dengan maserasi simplisia dengan etanol 96%, lalu dibuat variasi konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 20% dalam sediaan. Basis formula dibuat dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi VCO yaitu 20%, 25%, dan 30%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula basis 1 (F1) dengan konsentrasi ekstrak 5% memiliki karakteristik optimum, hasil uji organoleptik warna hijau tua, berbentuk cairan yang memiliki wangi khas peppermint, nilai pH 10,80, viskositas 19 dpa.s, bobot jenis 1,086 g/mL, kadar air 29,5%, stabilitas busa 95,56%, dan kadar asam lemak bebas 0,33%. Hasil uji antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escerichia coli menunjukkan diameter daya hambat sebesar 23,8 mm dan 25 mm berturut-turut.

Kata Kunci:         Daun Afrika, Sabun cair, Antibakteri
Skrining Fitokimia dan Uji Aktivitas Tabir Surya Ekstrak Etanol Daun Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.)
Authors: Lestari Ayu , Rusli Rolan , Aryati Fika
Published: March 2024

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) is a tropical plant that is widely found in Indonesia and can be used as sunscreen to protect the skin from UV radiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolite compounds and the sunscreen activity of rambutan leaf extract. Phytochemical screening results show that rambutan leaf extract contains flavonoids tannins and saponins, Rambutan leaf extract 100 ppm has sunscreen activity in the sunblock category with a %Te value of 0,58 and %Tp 31,28; and an SPF value of 23,09, including the ultra protection category.

Keywords:          Rambutan leaf, Phytochemical, Sunscreen

 

Abstrak

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) merupakan tanaman tropis yang banyak terdapat di Indonesia yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai tabir surya untuk melindungi kulit dari radiasi sinar UV. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa metabolit sekunder dan aktivitas tabir surya ekstrak daun rambutan. Hasil skrinning fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun rambutan mengandung senyawa flavonoid, tannin, dan saponin. Ekstrak daun rambutan 100 ppm memiliki aktivitas tabir surya kategori sunblock dengan nilai %Te 0,58 dan %Tp 31,28; dan nilai SPF sebesar 23,09 termasuk kategori proteksi ultra.

Kata Kunci:         Daun Rambutan, Fitokimia, Tabir surya
Laporan Kasus: Epilepsi pada Wanita Muda
Authors: Gama Noviyanty Indjar , Rahayu Dinda Tri , Maulitha Fridya , Anggriani Novia , Mulyaramadhan Rizky , Zulianita Zulianita , Mangnga Falda Gizella , Sari Ratna Aprilia , Pasudi Yuliana Megi
Published: March 2024

Epilepsy is a chronic disorder of the brain characterized by recurrent seizures caused by excessive electrical discharges in a group of nerve cells. Epilepsy is one of the causes of morbidity that can attack all ages. This disease can reduce the quality of life for sufferers. It estimated that around 50 million people suffer from epilepsy in the world, and 80% of the total sufferers come from developing countries. Seizures occur due to excessive excitation or due to irregular inhibition of neurons. This case report concerns female epileptic patient (14 year old) in outpatient treatment. The patient received anti-epileptic drug therapy (AED), namely Depakote, Folic Acid and Kutoin. The therapy had given can control the patient's seizure condition for three years without any side effects or adverse drug reactions.

Keywords:          Epilepsy, Management, Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AED)

 

Abstrak

Epilepsi adalah kelainan kronis pada otak yang ditandai dengan kejang berulang akibat pelepasan muatan listrik yang berlebihan pada sekelompok sel saraf. Epilepsi menjadi salah satu penyebab morbiditas yang dapat menyerang semua umur. Penyakit ini dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup bagi penderita. Diduga terdapat sekitar 50 juta orang menderita epilepsi didunia, dan 80% dari total penderita berasal dari negara berkembang. Kejang terjadi akibat eksitasi yang berlebihan atau akibat penghambatan neuron yang tidak teratur. Laporan kasus ini mengenai kejadian epilepsi pada pasien wanita berusia 14 tahun di pengobatan rawat jalan. Pasien mendapatkan terapi obat anti epilepsi (OAE) yaitu Depakote, Asam Folat dan Kutoin. Terapi yang diberikan dapat mengendalikan kondisi kejang pasien selama 3 tahun tanpa adanya efek samping atau reaksi obat yang merugikan.

Kata Kunci:         Epilepsi, Tatalaksana, Obat Anti Epilepsi (OAE)
Operation LENTUS and You: An Emergency Manager’s Guide to the CAF
Authors: Fremis Alex
Published: March 2024

As the scale and frequency of natural disasters and other emergencies continues to rise in Canada, the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) has increasingly taken part in domestic disaster assistance operations. Operation LENTUS, being the CAF’s name for all domestic natural disaster assistance operations, has seen the deployment of thousands of CAF personnel over recent years. The same is true for Operation LASER and VECTOR—the CAF’s operations in support of COVID-19 mitigation and vaccination efforts respectively. As such, emergency management (EM) practitioners are increasingly interacting with CAF personnel, both in headquarters environments for operational planning as well as in field conditions during the execution of specific EM tasks. Despite this, and by no fault of their own, many EM practitioners are unfamiliar with the CAF and are subsequently unsure how best to integrate CAF resources into their operations. Due to the complex nature of interagency EM operations, fostering mutual understanding and awareness is crucial to conducting effective EM operations. As such, this paper seeks to bridge this gap in the general knowledge of emergency managers towards their CAF partners during domestic operations.

In doing so, this paper will explain and discuss various aspects of the CAF in domestic operations across the complete spectrum of operations, from legislative/strategic considerations to aspects of local execution of EM tasks. These explanations will serve as a starting point for emergency managers to improve their understanding of the CAF and guide their considerations when working in partnership with the CAF. It is hoped that bridging this gap will improve the operational effectiveness of CAF-Civil authority interagency operations and subsequently benefit Canadians in their times of need.
Co-production Through Volunteerism in Emergency Management: Drawing Lessons from Canada’s Syrian Refugee Resettlement Initiative
Authors: Mamuji Aaida , Kenny Catherine , Ahmed Suad , Auger Paul-Émile
Published: March 2024

The field of emergency management has been increasingly encouraging the notion of emergency management as a shared, co-productive responsibility, with all members of the society having a role to play. In such whole-of-society efforts, volunteers play a direct role in the co-production of response outcomes. Canada’s mass resettlement of Syrian refugees in 2015 is a case in point, as Canadians rallied en masse to ensure the successful resettlement of thousands of Syrian refugees. In exploring the role of volunteers in this co-productive initiative, there are two important lessons for those in emergency management: The first involves learning from the volunteer management strategies implemented by resettlement agencies, which are applicable for any responding entity tasked with managing whole-of-society response efforts. The second (and perhaps more important) lesson is that those managing whole-of-society response efforts must recognize that value is co-created through three key relationships, a triad between volunteers, response entities, and those directly impacted by a disaster. Each of these relationships must be better understood and managed in order to achieve more effective emergency response outcomes in whole-of-society initiatives.
Early Detection of Degenerative Diseases in the Elderly in Uenuni Village, Palolo District
Authors: Yuliet Yuliet , Khaerati Khildah , Rumi Amelia , Diana Khusnul
Published: March 2024

The risk of various degenerative diseases is more experienced by older adults than young people. One of the most common health problems among the elderly is hypertension. Delays in treating hypertensive patients are caused by the majority of patients only coming to health facilities after experiencing complications and lack of access to public health services. The incidence of dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus (DM) also continues to grow, which are risk factors for coronary heart disease. For this reason, promotive and preventive efforts for the elderly group are significant through increasing knowledge and understanding of degenerative diseases. The community service partner is the Banpres Pololo Community Health Center, one of the community health centers in Sigi Regency with high cases of degenerative diseases, and the target of community service is the elderly in Uenuni Palolo village. Implementing the activity was health education about hypertension, DM, and dyslipidemia, health screening, and health counseling. The screening results found that 94.12% of older adults suffered from hypertension, 17.65% suffered from DM, and 52.94% suffered from hypercholesterolemia. Health counseling results show that most older adults did not understand the importance of early detection of degenerative diseases. Therefore, health education and counseling for the community still need to be improved.
Menstrual Hygiene Education among Student Girls of Elementary School at SDN 47 Korong Gadang, Padang
Authors: Markolinda Yessy , Putri Ice Yolanda
Published: March 2024

The research conducted by UNICEF in Indonesia in 2020 revealed that one in five girls is unaware of menstrual hygiene management. Taboos and stigma also limit the activities of female students during menstruation. Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) is the method of maintaining cleanliness and health for women during their menstrual cycle. The Ministry of Health is improving menstrual hygiene by implementing three aspects in the School Health Effort (Trias UKS), including health education, health services, and a healthy school environment. Community service activities were conducted at the Elementary School of SDN 47 Korong Gadang, Padang City, on 3 June 2022. The number of participants was 30 students from the 4th and 5th grades. Education was delivered through lectures and discussions, supported by visual aids such as slides and leaflets. The evaluation used pretests and post-tests to determine whether there was an improvement in students' knowledge. After the education session, it was found that 60% of the students had acquired a high level of knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene management. The results of this community service can serve as a lesson that education related to personal hygiene during menstruation is crucial. It is because some female students, while menstruating, experience bullying from male students and encounter obstacles in practicing menstrual hygiene at school.
Psychological Assessment: Identification, Detection of Potential and Problems of Children with Special Needs at UPTD LDPI, Padang City
Authors: Purna Rozi Sastra , Angraini Fitri
Published: March 2024

So far, the learning strategy implemented in schools is still widespread, providing all students with the same educational treatment and services. These students have different levels of skills, intelligence, interests, and talents. Therefore, early identification is needed to detect children's learning potential and problems. The results of the identification can later be used by teachers in implementing learning processes that suit the characteristics of students. The method used in identification is an intelligence test using the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and Culture Fair Intelligence Scale instruments. In contrast, the method used in conveying examination results is lectures and discussions with parents and teachers regarding the characteristics of children with special needs and appropriate services and education. The identification results found that one student (1.56%) was in the immobile category, seven students (10.94%) were in the debilitated category, 13 students (20.31%) were in the borderline category, 15 students (23.44%) were in the low average category, 22 students (34.38%) were in the average category, and six students (9.38%) were in the high average category. This activity had been carried out well. Through discussions and counseling, parents and teachers gained an understanding of treatment and educational services that suit the characteristics of each child. In the future, follow-up activities will likely be related to evaluating learning strategies and student abilities.
Digitalization of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Nagari Muaro Pingai, Junjung Sirih District, Solok Regency, West Sumatra
Authors: Putri Elsa Eka , Hamidi Masyhuri
Published: March 2024

This program aims to introduce the benefits of science and technology to Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Nagari Muaro Pingai due to the limited market share and need for more awareness of products produced by these MSMEs. Through this digitalization work program, the community service team from Universitas Andalas assisted five MSME entrepreneurs by strengthening their business branding, providing financial assistance, and digital promotion. The methods employed include direct data collection, interview surveys, and providing training directly to the community. The financial assistance included mobile phones to help them digitize their businesses. The outcomes of those MSME's digitalization work programs included business logos, promotional brochures, and business location registration on the Google Maps platform. The community engagement activities further expanded market reach, increased income, and simplified transaction processes for MSME entrepreneurs in Nagari Muaro Pingai.
Teachers' perspectives on artificial intelligence in education
Authors: Uygun Derya
Published: March 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming various aspects of society, including education. Understanding teachers' perspectives on this disruptive technology is essential, given its potential to revolutionize the teaching and learning process. A comprehensive study involving 74 educators utilized the Opinion Scale on Artificial Intelligence in Education to gather valuable insights. The research outcomes reveal a predominantly favourable view of AI in education, albeit accompanied by significant apprehensions regarding ethical and privacy-related issues. This study contributes significantly to the ongoing discourse on the role of AI in education, emphasizing the necessity for a balanced approach that maximizes the benefits of AI while ensuring the protection of the rights and interests of all stakeholders.
돈 드릴로의 『마오 II』에 나타난 개인성, 테러리즘, 군중심리
Authors:   Institute of British & American Studies Center for International Area Studies Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Youn Sujin
Published: March 2024

This paper examines the critical tension between individuality and collectivity in Don DeLillo’s 1991 novel Mao II. While DeLillo sharpens his critique of Western capitalist homogenization and the American mass mind in Mao II, the novel fails to provide a meaningful exploration of the shared ideological mechanisms linking the loss of individuality endemic to terrorist ideology and to the conformist tendencies of Western postmodern subjects. Instead, anxiety about the potential obliteration of individuality leads Mao II to renounce collectivity altogether, which it depicts as a mere ‘crowd’ associated exclusively with the non-American and the non-Western. The individuality portrayed in Mao II expresses its identity and autonomy at the cost of extreme solitude, rejecting any possibility of connection or solidarity with others. Such a self-enclosed, self-referential concept of individuality, which is explicitly advocated by the protagonist Bill, offers no viable solution to the crisis of Western democracy diagnosed by the novel. This paper argues that the novel’s limitations stem from DeLillo’s inability to imagine alternative forms of freedom, individuality, and collectivity.
Eccrine angiomatous hamartoma – A rare painful skin tumor
Authors: M Niveditha , Prathap Priya , Asokan Neelakandhan
Published: March 2024

We report a 68-year-old male with a progressively enlarging, reddish raised painful lesion on the right arm for the previous 3 years. The starch iodine test was positive, dermoscopic findings were yellowish-brown globules on an erythematous background. Biopsy from the lesion showed the presence of eccrine glands, hair follicles, and lobules of capillary sized vessels surrounding hair follicles in the dermis. On immunohistochemistry, epithelial membrane antigen (a marker for eccrine gland) and CD31 (endothelial marker) were positive. A final diagnosis of eccrine angiomatous hamartoma (EAH) was made. There should be a high index of suspicion about EAH if the skin lesions are reddish and tender with associated localized sweating.
APPLICATION OF THE METHOD OF EXTRACORPOREAL AUTOHEMOMAGNETIC THERAPY FOR THE PURPOSE OF CORRECTION OF HEMODYNAMIC DISORDERS IN THE INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD WHEN PERFORMING CORONARY BYPASS UNDER ARTIFICIAL CIRCULATION
Authors:   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus, Kratkou K. O. , Valentyukevich V. N. ,   Grodno Regional Clinical Cardiology Center, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2024

Purpose of the study. To evaluate the effect of extracorporeal autohemomagnetic therapy on the parameters of central hemodynamics during surgical intervention for myocardial revascularization (aortocoronary and mammary coronary bypass surgery) under conditions of artificial circulation. Material and methods. The parameters of invasive hemodynamics of 100 patients who were treated in anesthesiology and intensive care units were studied. All patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 (50 people) received standard anesthesia (multicomponent balanced anesthesia) for coronary artery bypass grafting and mammary coronary artery bypass grafting under artificial circulation without the use of extracorporeal autohemomagnetic therapy. In group 2 (50 people), in addition to standard anesthesia autohemomagnetic therapy was used. Аfter catheterization of a. radialis dextra (sinistra) and v. jagularis interna dextra (sinistra), the invasive hemodynamics parameters were assessed using the Draeger Infinity Delta monitoring system (Germany): systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, heart rate. The parameters were studied at 2 stages of the surgical intervention: 10 minutes after induction of anesthesia, 10 minutes after administration of the calculated dose of protamine. Results. The use of autohemomagnetic therapy made it possible to increase the parameters of invasive central hemodynamics: systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure. The study of the parameters of heart rate and central venous pressure revealed no statistical differences. Conclusions. The use of extracorporeal autohemomagnetic therapy in the intraoperative period during myocardial revascularization can help correct hemodynamic disorders.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE DURA MATER AFTER CRANIOPLASTY
Authors:   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Dovnar A. I. , Zhuk I. G. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus, Astrowskaja A. B. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2024

Background. Performing cranioplasty is a method of treating trepanated syndrome. Modern cranioplastic material should be biocompatible and does not cause inflammatory changes in the adjacent membranes of the brain. Aim of the research. To study ultrastructural changes in the dura mater after cranial trepanation, after plasty of the skull defect with a titanium plate "Medbiotech" and material "Superfluvis" and compare with an intact meninges. Material and methods. Rabbits underwent experimental skull trepanation (group "control"), plastic closure of the trepanation defect with titanium (group "titanium"), material "Superfluvis" (group "experience"). The "intact" group consisted of rabbits without surgery. The thickness of the dura mater and ultrastructural changes in it were studied. Results. The average thickness of the dura mater when using the "Superfluvis" material in cranioplasty was 2.74 times (p=0.005) higher than the intact one, but its thickness was 1.66 times (p=0.008) and 1.39 times (p=0.005) less in comparison with the "titan" and "control" groups, respectively. Conclusions. Cranioplasty of the trepanation defect of the rabbit skull with a material separating the dura mater from the soft tissues of the head reduces the degree of hyperplasia of fibrous tissue in this shell. The use of the "Superfluvis" material to close the defect of the rabbit skull causes less pronounced fibrosis of the TMO subject, and also contributes to greater preservation of the structure of the layer of boundary dural cells than when using a titanium plate for the same purpose.
ETIOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF ACUTE COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN
Authors:   Gomel State Medical University, Gomel, Belarus, Maloletnikova I. M. , Paramonova N. S. ,   Grodno State Medical University, Grodno, Belarus
Published: March 2024

Background. Difficulties in the etiological diagnosis of pneumonia in children are due to its polyetiology. Pneumonia can be caused by both typical bacterial agents and atypical pathogens. The condition of frequently ill children is characterized by a combination of several pathogens, in particular, a viral-bacterial association. The frequent use of antibacterial therapy in a group of frequently ill children should be taken into account when choosing initial therapy in a hospital. Objective. To establish the etiological structure of acute community-acquired pneumonia in frequently ill children. Material and methods. 180 children (1st group 50/180 - children belonged to the group of frequently ill children, 2nd group 130/180 - children did not belong to the group of frequently ill children) with a diagnosis of "acute communityacquired pneumonia" were examined in accordance with the protocol with assessment of the etiological structure. Results. The total number of frequently ill children was 27.8% (50/180). The somatic type of “truly” frequently ill children occurs 2.3 times more often (RR=2.33; 95% CI 1.4720-3.6986; p=0.0003) than the otorhinolaryngological type. The infection index in patients from the group of frequently ill children is 3.0 times higher (p=0.0002), the resistance index is 3.5 times higher (p=0.0012), compared with the group of infrequently ill children. In the group of frequently ill children, there was a higher frequency of acute illnesses during the year and the development of complications from acute respiratory infections. Conclusion. The causative agent of pneumonia was diagnosed in every third patient, in the remaining patients the causative agent was undifferentiated, while atypical pathogens (Chlamydophila рneumoniae and Mycoplasma рneumoniae) were diagnosed 4.7 times more often (RR=4.773; 95% CI 2.9620-7.6901; p=0.0024) than grampositive, gram-negative flora.
The role of intercultural communication in teaching English at universities
Authors: Башеров О.И. , Барышникова О.В. , Мерзликина Н.И. , Синицына И.А.
Published: March 2024

В современном глобализированном мире, где межкультурные взаимодействия становятся неотъемлемой частью повседневной жизни, роль межкультурной коммуникации в преподавании английского языка в высших учебных заведениях России приобретает особую значимость. Понимание культурной специфики и разнообразия в контексте обучения английскому языку способствует не только повышению языковой компетенции студентов, но и развитию их межкультурного осознания и толерантности. Материалы и методы: Исследование базируется на анализе научных работ, посвящённых межкультурной коммуникации в контексте обучения английскому языку в вузах, а также на опросе 150 преподавателей из 10 ведущих российских университетов. Были использованы методы качественного и количественного анализа, включая статистическую обработку полученных данных. Результаты: Анализ показал, что интеграция межкультурной коммуникации в процесс обучения английскому языку значительно повышает уровень языковых навыков студентов. Так, средний балл по тестам IELTS у студентов, проходивших курс с элементами межкультурной коммуникации, был на 15% выше, чем у тех, кто обучался по традиционной программе. Опрос показал, что 67% преподавателей считают включение межкультурных аспектов в учебный процесс необходимым для формирования глобального мировоззрения у студентов.

Introduction: In the modern globalized world, where intercultural interactions are becoming an integral part of everyday life, the role of intercultural communication in teaching English in higher educational institutions of Russia is of particular importance. Understanding cultural specificity and diversity in the context of English language teaching contributes not only to the improvement of students' linguistic competence, but also to the development of their intercultural awareness and tolerance. Materials and methods: The research is based on the analysis of scientific papers on intercultural communication in the context of teaching English in universities, as well as on a survey of 150 teachers from 10 leading Russian universities. Methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis were used, including statistical processing of the data obtained. Results: The analysis showed that the integration of intercultural communication into the process of teaching English significantly increases the level of students' language skills. Thus, the average score on the IELTS tests of students who took a course with elements of intercultural communication was 15% higher than those who studied under the traditional program. The survey showed that 67% of teachers consider the inclusion of intercultural aspects in the educational process necessary for the formation of a global outlook among students.
Statistical analysis of human resources potential of the regional education system
Authors: Нестеренко Ю.Н. , Колосова О.А. , Шарыкина Э.А.
Published: March 2024

Одной из ключевых предпосылок поступательного инновационного и социально-экономического развития регионов является величина и качественные показатели кадрового потенциала, поэтому исследование факторов влияния на кадры на региональном уровне является актуальной научной задачей, направленной на поиск путей повышения темпов социально-экономического роста и инновационного развития территорий страны. Так как фундаментом формирования регионального человеческого капитала, одним из аспектов которого является кадровый потенциал, выступает образовательная и научная системы, а экономические факторы влияют на спрос на рабочую силу различной квалификации и трудовую миграцию, то целесообразно исследование взаимосвязей экономических показателей с индикаторами кадрового потенциала системы образования. Исходя из этого, в данной работе проведён статистический анализ зависимости ключевых показателей образовательной системы в регионах страны от показателей их экономического развития (ВРП) и величины медианной заработной платы. В ходе работы установлена корреляционная связь с экономическими параметрами только показателей кадрового обеспечения высшей школы, тогда как остальные характеристики не демонстрируют качественной или количественной зависимости от ВРП или медианной заработной платы в регионах. Кластерный анализ подтвердил слабую связь экономических и кадровых характеристик, в основном применительно лишь к системе высшего образования.

One of the key prerequisites for the progressive innovative and socio-economic development of regions is the size and quality indicators of human resources. Therefore, the study of factors influencing personnel at the regional level is an urgent scientific task aimed at finding ways to increase the rate of socio-economic growth and innovative development of the country's territories. Since the foundation for the formation of regional human capital, one of the aspects of which is human resources potential, is the educational and scientific systems, and economic factors influence the demand for labor of various qualifications and labor migration, it is advisable to study the relationships between economic indicators and indicators of the human resources potential of the education system. Based on this, this work carried out a statistical analysis of the dependence of key indicators of the educational system in the regions of the country on indicators of their economic development (GRP) and the value of the median salary. In the course of the work, a correlation was established with economic parameters only for indicators of staffing in higher education, while other characteristics do not demonstrate a qualitative or quantitative dependence on GRP or median wages in the regions. Cluster analysis confirmed the weak connection between economic and personnel characteristics, mainly in relation only to the higher education system.
Transdisciplinary approach in the educational process: integration of sciences, methods and practices for the formation of flexible competencies
Authors: Валитов Э.Э. , Гаделисламов Р.Р.
Published: March 2024

Введение: В современном академическом дискурсе концепция трансдисциплинарности приобретает особую актуальность, отражая стремление образовательных институтов к интеграции разнородных знаний и практик. Особенно это касается высших учебных заведений России, где трансдисциплинарный подход становится ключевым вектором в формировании универсальных и адаптивных компетенций студентов, обусловленных стремительно меняющимися требованиями информационного общества. Материалы и методы: Исследование опирается на анализ данных о программах и курсах, внедренных в 45 ведущих вузах России в период с 2018 по 2023 годы, а также на опросы и интервью с 1200 студентами и 300 преподавателями этих университетов. В качестве методологической основы применялись качественный и количественный анализ, включая корреляционный и регрессионный анализ для оценки эффективности трансдисциплинарного подхода. Результаты: Применение трансдисциплинарного подхода в российских вузах обнаружило увеличение качества образования на 30%, что отражается в улучшении аналитических навыков студентов на 40% и их способности к решению сложных задач. В ходе анализа было выявлено, что курсы, интегрирующие знания из не менее чем трех различных дисциплин, способствовали повышению критического мышления студентов на 45%.

Introduction: In modern academic discourse, the concept of transdisciplinarity is becoming particularly relevant, reflecting the desire of educational institutions to integrate diverse knowledge and practices. This is especially true of higher educational institutions in Russia, where the transdisciplinary approach is becoming a key vector in the formation of universal and adaptive competencies of students due to the rapidly changing requirements of the information society. Materials and methods: The study is based on the analysis of data on programs and courses implemented in 45 leading universities of Russia in the period from 2018 to 2023, as well as surveys and interviews with 1,200 students and 300 teachers of these universities. Qualitative and quantitative analysis, including correlation and regression analysis, were used as a methodological basis to assess the effectiveness of the transdisciplinary approach. Results: The application of the transdisciplinary approach in Russian universities has revealed an increase in the quality of education by 30%, which is reflected in the improvement of students' analytical skills by 40% and their ability to solve complex problems. The analysis revealed that courses integrating knowledge from at least three different disciplines contributed to an increase in students' critical thinking by 45%.
Trends in the development of methods of teaching English in Russian universities using digital tools
Authors: Тавберидзе Д.В. , Паймакова Е.А. , Аветисян Т.А.
Published: March 2024

Введение: В эпоху глобализации и стремительного развития информационных технологий, методики преподавания иностранных языков, в частности английского, в российских вузах претерпевают существенные трансформации. Особое внимание уделяется интеграции цифровых инструментов в учебный процесс, что становится неотъемлемым аспектом современной образовательной парадигмы. Материалы и методы: Исследование базируется на анализе данных, полученных из 50 ведущих российских вузов, и включает обзор использования цифровых инструментов в преподавании английского языка за период 2019-2023 гг. Анализируются программы обучения, педагогические подходы и отзывы студентов, а также статистические данные по эффективности использования цифровых технологий. Результаты: Исследование демонстрирует значительное увеличение использования цифровых инструментов в обучении английскому языку в российских вузах. Отмечается рост интеграции онлайн-платформ и приложений для изучения английского языка на 60% по сравнению с 2019 годом. Более 70% преподавателей используют виртуальные классы и мультимедийные материалы в своих курсах. Эти платформы также предоставляют инструменты для мониторинга прогресса студентов и обеспечения обратной связи, что значительно улучшает процесс оценки обучения. Интересное наблюдение касается использования игровых элементов в образовательном процессе.

Introduction: In the era of globalization and the rapid development of information technology, methods of teaching foreign languages, in particular English, in Russian universities are undergoing significant transformations. Particular attention is paid to the integration of digital tools into the educational process, which is becoming an integral aspect of the modern educational paradigm. Materials and methods: The study is based on the analysis of data obtained from 50 leading Russian universities, and includes an overview of the use of digital tools in teaching English for the period 2019-2023. Study programs, pedagogical approaches and student feedback are analyzed, as well as statistics on the effectiveness of the use of digital technologies. Results: The study demonstrates a significant increase in the use of digital tools in teaching English in Russian universities. There has been an increase in the integration of online platforms and applications for learning English by 60% compared to 2019. More than 70% of teachers use virtual classrooms and multimedia materials in their courses. These platforms also provide tools for monitoring student progress and providing feedback, which greatly improves the learning assessment process. An interesting observation concerns the use of game elements in the educational process.
CHARACTERISTICS OF LONELINESS EXPERIENCE AMONG ADOLESCENTS WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SELF-REGULATION
Authors: Redina Anna V.
Published: March 2024

The paper examines the characteristics of adolescents’ loneliness experience via the lens of individual differences in self-regulation. The study included 82 participants aged 13 to 14. The levels of self-regulation were identified by means of cluster analysis. To investigate the specifics of loneliness experience in the groups of respondents with the outlined levels of self-regulation, a Kruskal–Wallis H test was used. The study found statistically significant differences in the characteristics of loneliness experience among adolescent respondents with high, medium, and low levels of self-regulation.
SOCIAL CREATIVITY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN SCIENTIFIC WORKS
Authors: Nesterova Ekaterina M.
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of the theoretical analysis of works devoted to social creativity. The problem of “doubling” of terms related to translation of the term “creativity” from English into Russian is considered. The author carries out a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign scientific papers on the topic under study, as well as an analysis of the existing definitions of the term “social creativity”. As a result, the criteria for differentiation between domestic and foreign approaches to the study of social creativity are highlighted, the definitions of the “social creativity” concept are systematised according to the representation of the studied construct in the reality of interpersonal and social relations. Based on the results obtained, a definition of social creativity is proposed.
EARLY SUPPORT OF GIFTEDNESS THROUGH A PHYSICS EXPERIMENT IN THE APPLIED PROPAEDEUTIC MODEL OF TEACHING AT PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS SCHOOLS
Authors: Markushev Dmitrii S.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this theoretical study is to develop a model of giftedness support that allows us to move to the practical application of knowledge about giftedness, that is, to introduce it into applied work with gifted students. The methods of this study are the analysis of literary sources on the problem of giftedness and its support, as well as sign simulation. Based on the works of J. Renzulli and the working concept of giftedness, an applied propaedeutic model for giftedness support is proposed and the possibilities of practical application of this model in the framework of propaedeutic courses in physics are considered. It is shown that a physics experiment included in propaedeutic courses plays a significant role in supporting giftedness. The dynamic classification of educational structures is developed, which allows us to determine the “place of application” of the applied propaedeutic model. It is shown that for comprehensive support of giftedness it is necessary to involve the resources of both basic and additional education.
Assessment of Smallholder Chicken Production Practices, Marketing and Constraints in Two Districts of South-Omo Zone, Ethiopia
Authors:   Poultry Researcher, Southern Agricultural Research Institute (SARI), Ethiopia, Gonta Elias , Girma Meseret ,   Department of Animal and Range Science, Haramaya University, Ethiopia, Urge Mengistu ,   Department of Animal and Range Science, Haramaya University, Ethiopia
Published: March 2024

Objectives: The study was conducted to assess the production practices, marketing and constraints smallholder chicken producers in two districts of South Omo zone. Materials and Methods: Purposive sampling method was used to select districts, Kebeles and households. Based on this a total of 180 households (2x3x30) were selected to collect information focusing on village chicken production practices, marketing and constraints. Results: The most dominating form of production practice was seasonal supplementation for local and mixed breeds, whereas, regular supplementation for exotic breeds. The feed supplementation trend, attitude toward chicken vaccination and medication, shelter provision, management responsibility, chicken and egg selling responsibility and extension approach of the farmer’s changes as the farmers start rearing more productive breeds. Poor productivity, diseases, and old age were the main factors in all strata that determine chickens to be culled except lack of mothering ability for local breeds. There was no formal market channel, the process of transporting chicken and egg was manual, price of items depend on the number of merchants, there was price argumentation between producers and merchants, predict or seasonal outbreak of disease, weak extension access that focused only dissemination of exotic breeds, dissemination of breeds were not based on the scientific research output, no regular follow up and monitoring, and production hindering constraints. Conclusion: Finally, due to weak extension services and other hindering constraints, farmers participated in poultry sector were losing a number of chickens by disease and predators. Therefore, there should be a planned vaccination schedule, scientific and chicken health trial research on local used medicaments, the ways of chicken and egg transporting and marketing should be improved and given equal attention should be to poultry sector with other agricultural sectors at lower levels.