bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vers des jonglages post-anthropocentriques : étude de variations de la collection CHINA SERIES de Julian Vogel
Authors: Roussial Cyrille
Published: March 2023

RésuméCette étude traite plusieurs œuvres autonomes par l’artiste et diaboliste Julian Vogel dans une collection intitulée CHINA SERIES. À partir de l’analyse de plusieurs de ces « variations », nous nous proposons d’appréhender les moyens permettant au jonglage de rendre compte des continuités ontologiques entre humain et non-humain. En s’inscrivant dans le sillage de travaux qui, depuis plusieurs approches dites « écothéâtrales », instiguent actuellement en France des articulations fécondes entre enjeux écologiques et arts de la scène, nous mobilisons des appareillages théoriques complémentaires à ceux récemment développés dans le champ des études circassiennes depuis des écrits néo-matérialistes. Pour ce faire, nous mettons à l’épreuve depuis le jonglage une hypothèse d’Emma Mebaret, selon laquelle l’attention peut constituer le critère écologique d’une réalité scénique autre, façonnée dans le but de constituer des figurations alternatives à la centralité humaine. Notre étude se focalise sur la façon dont Julian Vogel met en valeur certaines qualités poétiques, plastiques et contemplatives d’rendent possible l’examen de milieux où des   This article considers several different works of varying genres and lengths made into a collection by the artist and diabolist Julian Vogel in a collection entitled CHINA SERIES. Through the analysis of several of these “variations,” I propose to consider how juggling accounts for ontological continuities between the human and non-human. By responding to “ecotheatrical” works from France that create productive articulations between ecological stakes and the performing arts, I mobilize theatrical apparatuses inspired by the influence of neo-materialist writing on the field of circus studies. I use juggling to test the hypothesis of Emma Mebaret that attention can constitute an ecological criterion of a stage reality Other. This Other is made with the intention of creating alternative figurations to human centrality. This study concentrates on two principal aesthetic and ecocentric strategies which permit juggling to happen: on one hand, the making of new equipment; on the other, the production of new attachements (Hache). Thus, I will first consider the way in which Julian Vogel focuses on certain poetic, plastic and contemplative qualities of porcelain objects that constitute the cups of his diabolos. Then, I will consider how the deployment of his variations as a sort of performance laboratory allows for the study of an environment where currents cross, envelop and impact the bodies that emerge inside and alongside elements with heterogeneous lifestyles and life cycles.
Poderes de papel, papeles de poder
Authors: Combès Isabelle
Published: March 2023

Se examinan aquí los nombramientos oficiales de “capitanes” que diversas autoridades blancas (misioneros, prefectos, corregidores y hasta hacendados) entregaron en el siglo XIX a caciques chiriguanos primero, tobas y wichís después. Ahí donde las autoridades buscaron comprar sumisión y lealtad mediante títulos de papel sin real valor, los chiriguanos volcaron a su favor el poder de los títulos, y los indígenas chaqueños privilegiaron el poder del papel. Todos, a su manera, se adueñaron de un poderoso instrumento imprescindible para moverse en el mundo de los blancos.
The Effect of Deposition Temperature on Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3 Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique
Authors: Gatea Hamed Alwan
Published: March 2023

Barium strontium titanate (Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3) thin films have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The thin film of (Ba0.8Sr0.2TiO3) was deposited on a silicon (Si) substrate with different deposition temperatures. The XRD pattern identifies these specimens as being of the tetragonal phase. As the deposition substrate temperature varied from 200 °C to 400 °C, the average crystal size of BST increased from 34 nm to 68 nm calculated by the XDR pattern. Field (FESEM) images have estimated the particle size of the film. The dielectric constant increased with increasing substrate temperature.
Influence of Surface Machining on Development of Stress Corrosion Cracking of Distribution Wheels of Main Circulation Pump in Nuclear Power Plants
Authors: Dománková Mária , Bártová Katarína , Magula Vladimír , Brziak Peter , Novák Bronislav , Kicka Tomáš , Jurčo Vladimír
Published: March 2023

The present work deals with the causes of the damage to the distribution wheel of the main circulation pump of the nuclear power plant. During the solution of the problem, a significant influence of the final machining on the formation of cracks was found. Coarse surface machining can cause strain-induced martensite on the distribution wheel surface. Small pitting, which was observed on the surface of the distribution wheel, can be caused by the presence of martensite with less corrosion resistance. Thermal stress and residual stress after coarse final surface machining caused the growth of the cracks which initiated from the pitting.
Randomized comparison of effect of standard antibiotic prophylaxis versus enhanced prophylactic measures on rate of urinary tract infection after flexible ureteroscopy
Authors: El-Agamy El-Sayed I. , Elhelaly Mohamed A. , Abouelgreed Tamer A. , Abdrabuh Abdrabuh M. , Elebiary Mohamed F. , Elatreisy Adel , Ghoneimy Osama M. , Fathi Basem A. , Zamra Mohamed , Kutub Khalid
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To compare the rate of post-flexible ureteroscopy urinary tract infection (UTI) in patients subjected to the standard antibiotic prophylaxis alone versus enhanced prophylactic measures.
Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study included 256 patients subjected to flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) for ureteral or renal stones from March 2018 to July 2022. Treatment groups included the standard antibiotic prophylaxis group (group 1, n=128) and the enhanced prophylaxis group (group 2, n=128). Patients in group 1 were injected with intravenous fluoroquinolone one hour preoperatively, and oral antibiotics were used for 24 h postoperatively. Patients in group 2 had urine culture ten days before the procedure; antibiotic-culture based was given for positive asymptomatic cases, while the procedure was deferred for active UTI.

Results: The study groups were comparable regarding patient demographics, stone characteristics, operative time, and intraoperative complications. The overall hospitalization time was 1.68 ± 0.81 days. Postoperative, and overall complications were significantly higher in group 1 (15.6% vs. 6.3%, p = 0.04 and 26.6% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.047), respectively. Twenty patients (15.6 %) in the standard prophylaxis group were diagnosed with UTI in comparison to 8 patients (6.3 %) in the enhanced prophylaxis group (p = 0.047).
Conclusions: Urinary tract infection after FURS could be reduced significantly by utilizing the suggested enhanced prophylactic approach.
Novel penile compression technique of penile surgeries ‘’Penile strap’’
Authors: Khogeer Abdulghani , Alzahrani Abdullah , Ibrahim Ahmed , Aubé-Peterkin Melanie , Carrier Serge
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Penile compression using a tourniquet is common with several materials and designs that have been previously described. The objective of the tourniquet is to induce an artificial erection through corporal occlusion for intra-operative penile curvature assessment or to obtain a clear visible bloodless surgical field.

Objective: We sought to describe our novel step-by-step technique of applying penile tourniquet using silicone Penrose drain tube designed as a strap by creating a small hole on the side of the tube to obtain a loop at the base of the penis
Conclusions: This novel technique is simple, effective and requires no additional materials nor special equipment, and facilitates the application and release of a tourniquet during penile surgery.
Abnormal Expression of Long Non-Coding RNA FGD5-AS1 Affects the Development of Ovarian Cancer Through Regulating miR-107/RBBP6 Axis
Authors: Zhang Wen , Shi Jianguo , Liu Guoyan
Published: March 2023

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important players in cancer development. LncRNA FGD5-AS1 has been reported as a potential oncogene in ovarian cancer (OC). The present paper focused on the action mechanism of FGD5-AS1 in OC. Clinical OC samples were collected for expression analyses of FGD5-AS1, RBBP6, and miR-107. The expression of FGD5-AS1, RBBP6, and miR-107 in OC cells was altered by transfection. OC cell proliferation was assessed by MTT and colony formation assays, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured with OC cell supernatants by matrigel angiogenesis assay. The interactions among FGD5-AS1, miR-107, and RBBP6 were detected by luciferase reporter assay. FGD5-AS1 and RBBP6 were strongly expressed and miR-107 was poorly expressed in clinical OC samples and OC cell lines. FGD5-AS1 or RBBP6 overexpression in Hey and SKOV3 cells could potentiate OC cell proliferation and HUVEC angiogenesis, while FGD5-AS1 or RBBP6 knockdown in OC cells inhibited the above cellular processes. FGD5-AS1 targeted miR-107 to positively regulate RBBP6 expression. Additionally, miR-107 overexpression or RBBP6 knockdown in SKOV3 cells partially reversed the FGD5-AS1-dependent stimulation of OC cell proliferation and HUVEC angiogenesis. FGD5-AS1 may act as a promoter of OC via miR-107/RBBP6 axis.
Preoperative C-reactive protein - Albumin ratio as a predictor of requirement for postoperative mechanical ventilation after non-cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia: A prospective observational study (HICARV)
Authors: Tharavath Vaishakh , Rao Parnandi Bhaskar , Nayak Sukdev , Panda Aparajita , Bandyopadhyay Debapriya , Pati Sanghamitra
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

Mechanical ventilation is an essential but limited resource worldwide. Appropriate perioperative utilisation of such useful resource demands in time prediction where literature does not have enough data. High C-reactive protein (CRP) and low albumin both represent a state of exaggerated inflammation and poor nutrition, the combination of which might represent the sick surgical patients. Therefore, we tried to evaluate the performance of ratio between preoperative CRP and albumin (CAR) for the prediction of postoperative mechanical ventilation.

Methods:

After approval from the ethics committee and trial registration, the study was carried out over 2 years. It included 580 adults undergoing non-cardiac surgeries under general anaesthesia. Blood samples were collected for estimation of CRP and albumin, and all were followed up for the need of mechanical ventilation in the postoperative period till hospital discharge.

Results:

Sixty-six of the analysed 569 patients (11.6%) required postoperative mechanical ventilation in whom the median CAR was higher {0.38 (0.10, 1.45)} than those who did not require the same {0.20 (0.07, 0.65)}, although not statistically significant. A ROC curve analysis found that there is a 58% chance that a CAR will distinguish between the patients requiring postoperative mechanical ventilation from those who do not (AUC = 0.58), which is statistically significant (P value = 0.024). Logistic regression did not result in a significant odds of mechanical ventilation with higher ratio {Odds ratio = 1.06 (0.98, 1.16)}.

Conclusions:

High CRP–albumin ratio was found to be associated with higher need for mechanical ventilation in patients undergoing surgery under general anaesthesia, but failed to predict the need for mechanical ventilation.
Comparison of conventional needle holding technique and pen holding method of needle holding for real-time ultrasound-guided internal jugular venous cannulation – A randomised parallel-group study
Authors: Ramachandran Srinivasan , Velayudhan Savitri , Ramaraj Krishna Prabu , Desingh Dilip Chandar , Kuppusamy Sureshkumar , Shanmugam Balasubramanian
Published: March 2023

Background and Aims:

Ultrasound-guided central venous (CV) cannulation is the standard of care for inserting CV catheter in the right internal jugular vein (RIJV). However, mechanical complications can still occur. The primary objective of this study was to compare the incidence of posterior vessel wall puncture (PVWP) using conventional needle holding technique with pen holding method of needle holding technique for IJV cannulation. Secondary objectives were comparison of other mechanical complications, access time and ease of the procedure.

Methods:

This prospective, randomised parallel-group study included 90 patients. Patients requiring ultrasound-guided RIJV cannulation under general anaesthesia were randomised into two groups P (n = 45) and C (n = 45). In group C, the RIJV was cannulated using the conventional needle holding technique. In group P, the pen holding method of needle holding technique was used. Incidence of PVWP, complications (arterial puncture, haematoma) number of attempts for successful cannulation, time to insertion of guidewire and performer’s ease were compared. The data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 24.0). A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

In our study, there was no significant difference in incidence of PVWP and complications between the two groups. Number of attempts and time for successful guidewire insertion were comparable. Ease of the procedure was scored a median of 10 in both the groups.

Conclusion:

There was no significant difference in the incidence of PVWP between the two techniques in this study, necessitating further evaluation of this novel technique.
Covid 19 Pandemi Sürecinde Alınan Koruyucu Uygulamaların Diğer Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonlarının Sıklığı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: BEYAZGÜL Burcu , KUZAN Rüstem , KAYA Hazal , KORUK İbrahim
Published: March 2023

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, 2019-2020 arasında Covid 19 dışında üst solunum yolu ve alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonları sıklığında bir değişim olup olmadığını saptamak, değişim saptanması durumunda pandemi önlemlerinin bu değişime etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmaktadır.

Araçlar ve Yöntem: Çalışma kesitsel tiptedir. Araştırma verisi yapılandırılmış bir anket ve ülkenin internet tabanlı kişisel sağlık bilişim verileri (E-Nabız) kullanılarak toplandı.

Bulgular: Hem katılımcıların beyanlarına göre, hem de kayıtlara göre geçirilen solunum yolu enfeksiyonu sayısının, pandemi öncesine göre pandemi döneminde azaldığı saptandı. Kalabalık ortamlarda bulunma, sosyal faaliyet yapma, sosyal mesafeye uyma, el yıkama, ailedeki diğer bireylerin kalabalık ortamda bulunmasının 2020 yılında solunum yolu enfeksiyonu geçirme durumuna etkisi bulunmadı.

Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde solunum yolu enfeksiyonları azalmıştır. Alınan önlemler ve değişen yaşam tarzı bu sonuçlarda etkilidir. Bireysel davranışlarda kişisel risk algısı önemlidir.
Identidad institucional y calidad de servicio en una institución educativa pública. Un análisis desde el profesorado.
Authors: Llamosas Flores Luz Lisnet , Llamosas Flores Lourdes Marivel , Espinoza Jorge Vilma Rosario , Llamosas Flores Yolanda Maricruz , Rodríguez Paredes Noelia Patricia , Mejía Pardo Patricia Isabel
Published: March 2023

Esta investigación tuvo como propósito el determinar la relación entre la identidad institucional y la calidad de servicio en los docentes de primaria de un colegio público de Huaral; para esto se consideró realizar una investigación aplicada, tomando a la ruta cuantitativa como enfoque de investigación, con un diseño no experimental y un alcance correlacional. Se recopiló información a una población de 55 docentes, aplicándoles un instrumento de 26 ítems para la variable identidad institucional y de 22 para la calidad de servicio. Entre los principales resultados se halló que el 96% de docentes encuestados perciben que su identidad institucional se encuentra en un nivel alto y un 4% en un nivel medio; en caso de la calidad de servicio, un 76% de los docentes percibieron que esta se brinda en un nivel alto, un 24% en nivel medio. Así también, tras aplicar la prueba de correlación de Spearman, las dimensiones de la identidad institucional no guardan relación con la calidad de servicio. Se concluyó que la identidad institucional y la calidad de servicio en los docentes de primaria de un colegio público de Huaral muestran una relación significativa, en nivel alto y de forma positiva.
O PODELI REČI NA KRAJU REDA U PISMENIM ZADACIMA
Authors: Đorđev Ivana Đ.
Published: March 2023

With the development of electronic literacy and the dominance of printed text over hand- written text, the need to know the rules of word division at the end of a line is decreasing. However, it is inevitably actualized when writing school written assignments. In this paper, therefore, we bring an excerpt from a broader study dealing with the orthographic norm in the written assignments of high school students of different educational profiles and directions in the Republic of Serbia. The goal is to determine the orthographic characteristics of more than 3 000 written assignments from the subject The Serbian Language and Lterature in a separate spelling area - Dividing words at the end of the line. We also pay attention to determining the representation and frequency of errors according to the age of the students, the school they attended and the assessment of the written task. The research corpus was examined by a descriptive and analytical method. The results of the research showed that the dominant mistake of the high school students was in cases when the consonant is in a position between two vowels at the end of the line, and they often avoid the division whatsoever. The rules of word division at the end of the line are the least followed by the students of the technical high school, while the weakest achievements in this spelling area were shown by both first-year pupils and high school graduates. The grades that students receive on written assignments are in line with the representation of errors in them. The current findings confirm the primary hypothesis that more attention should be paid to the issue of following the orthographic norm in high school teaching practice when it comes to word division at the end of a line. In the final part, the paper is enriched with reflections on the possibilities of improving the teaching prac- tice in secondary schools, as well as the orthographic literature in order to change the current situation when it comes to the examined area of orthography.
MUČENIČKA SMRT SVETOG KNEZA LAZARA – MEDIEVISTIČKO GLEDIŠTE
Authors: Milojević Snežana J.
Published: March 2023

This paper emphasizes the authority of the medieval text over the expression developed as a form of folk creation. Taking certain elements of medieval poetics into account – insepara- bility of Christianity from the written text, the meta historical concept of factography and the sacredness of the word (Word) – this paper compares the narrative rationalization of the key motivational elements in the two frameworks – Saint Prince Lazar’s choice of the Kingdom in Heavens. Although the martyrly summary of the events of the Battle of Kosovo initiates the creation of numerous texts belonging to different genres, a special review of the text on Saint Prince Andonija Rafail Epaktit is undertaken. By building the narrative character of his text, Andonije Rafail intervenes as the author in multiple ways. The emphasis is on the specific- ity of the intertextual connection during the description of the martyrly death, in a way and through symbols different from those used by other authors of the age who wrote about Prince Lazar and the Battle of Kosovo.
The Effect of Instructional Leadership School Principles, Teacher Innovation and Supervision in The Quality of Learning Management at Muhammadiyah Jakarta Senior High School
Authors: Prapanja Yudha , Arief Armai , Sopa Sopa
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of instructional leadership, teacher innovation and supervision on the quality of learning management at SMA Muhammadiyah Jakarta. The location of the research was carried out at SMA Muhammadiyah South Jakarta. The research method used in this study was a survey method, with a population of 178 teachers with a sample of 123 teachers. The research instruments consist of learning management quality instruments, instructional leadership instruments, teacher innovation instruments and supervision instruments. The research results obtained (1) there is a positive direct effect of instructional leadership on the quality of learning management, (2) there is a positive direct effect of teacher innovation on the quality of learning management, (3) there is a positive direct effect of supervision on the quality of learning management, (4) there is a positive direct effect of instructional leadership on supervision, (5) there is a positive direct effect of teacher innovation on supervision, and (6) ) there is a positive direct effect of instructional leadership on teacher innovation. The implication of this research is that if you want to improve the quality of learning management, you must strengthen instructional leadership, teacher innovation and supervision. Suggestions that the quality of learning management is increased, all parties, namely the education office, school principals and the Muhammadiyah organization provide support for the research results that have been obtained.
Hubungan Kepimpinan Transformasional Pengetua dengan Tahap Kepuasan Kerja Guru Akademik Tingkatan Enam
Authors: Pg Mohd Yassin Ak Mohd Ghazali Bin , Mohd Nor Mohamed Yusoff , Alias Bity Salwana
Published: March 2023

Kepimpinan pengetua dan kepuasan kerja merupakan isu yang saling mempengaruhi dalam sebuah institusi sekolah. Terdapat gaya kepimpinan pengetua yang kurang memberi penekanan terhadap elemen kepuasan kerja guru. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti hubungan kepimpinan transformasional pengetua dengan kepuasan kerja guru akademik Tingkatan Enam Daerah Papar, Sabah. Reka bentuk kajian yang dijalankan adalah secara tinjauan dan kaedah kuantitatif. Kajian ini dijalankan di 7 buah sekolah yang mempunyai tingkatan enam dan seramai 76 orang dipilih secara rawak berstrata. Kajian ini menggunakan soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian dan data kajian ini dianalisis menggunakan Statistical Packages for The Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan amalan kepimpinan transformasional pengetua dan kepuasan kerja guru berada pada tahap yang tinggi. Hubungan antara amalan kepimpinan transformasional pengetua dengan kepuasan kerja guru adalah signifikan positif pada kadar kekuatan sederhana (r = 0.660, p < 0.05). Diharapkan kajian ini dapat memberi input berguna kepada sekolah dan pengetua untuk mewujudkan budaya kerja cemerlang melalui gaya kepimpinan yang efisien. Kesimpulannya, amalan kepimpinan transformasional mempengaruhi tahap kepuasan kerja guru yang boleh memberikan impak positif terhadap pencapaian sekolah.
Incidental mortality of dolphins in the eastern Pacific Ocean purse-seine fishery: correlates and their spatial association
Authors: Lennert-Cody Cleridy E. , Minami Mihoko , Hall Martin A.
Published: March 2023

A zero-inflated Poisson model was used to identify typical fishing practices that contributed to incidental mortality of dolphins in the eastern Pacific purse-seine fishery between 1993 and 2001. The presence of hazardous net conditions (net canopies and net collapses), the duration of the backdown procedure (the primary method of releasing dolphins from the net), the size and species composition of the encircled dolphin herd and the amount of tuna encircled, were all found to consistently contribute to increased dolphin mortality per set. In particular, the presence of net canopies and large biomass in the net contributed to both the development of problematic situations in which mortality could occur and to the mean mortality per set, once a problematic situation had developed. On the other hand, lengthy backdown procedures and the presence of net collapses contributed to the development of problematic situations, but had less effect on the mean mortality per set once a problematic situation had developed. Because some of these variables are partially correlated, the overall conclusion of this analysis is that one of the primary causes of dolphin mortality continues to be the encirclement of large herds. Dolphin mortality can increase with the number of dolphins encircled because: (1) the more animals encircled, the greater the likelihood of entanglement and mortality while confined in the net; and (2) the duration of the backdown procedure increases with the number of animals encircled. The duration of the backdown procedure may, in turn, contribute to increased dolphin mortality by: (1) keeping dolphins in close contact with the net for longer periods of time, thereby increasing the chances for entanglement; and (2) leading to the formation of net canopies. Dolphin mortality increases in the presence of net canopies because animals can be trapped below the sea surface in the areas of canopies. Spatial distributions of encircled herd size, duration of the backdown procedure, presence of net canopies and presence of dolphin mortality show similar patterns. Encircled herd size tended to be greatest south of the equator and north of the equator along the offshore margin of the fishery. In these areas, the duration of the backdown procedure tended to be longer and there was often an increased probability of net canopies and dolphin mortality, but also larger catches of tuna. These consistent spatial patterns suggest that reallocation of fishing effort to other areas may be an effective means of reducing the current level of dolphin mortality. Predictive models could be developed to assess tradeoffs between dolphin mortality and tuna catches at varying levels of fishing effort in areas where large herds are targeted by fishermen and different strategies for reallocation of fishing effort to other areas or to purse-seine sets on unassociated tunas.
Abundance of humpback whales on the Abrolhos Bank wintering ground, Brazil
Authors: Freitas Ana C , Kinas Paul G. , Martins Cristiane C. A. , Engel Marcia H.
Published: March 2023

Abundance estimates are presented for the humpback whales wintering off Brazil which ‘visit’ a surveyed area off Abrolhos Bank and display fluke-exposing behaviour. The study is based on photo-identification data collected between 1996 and 2000. Chapman-corrected Petersen estimates for all pairs of data result in estimates from 1,948 individuals up to 3,001 with coefficients of variation around 0.25. A more elaborate closed population multiple-recapture maximum-likelihood estimate is 2,393 with 95% profile-likelihood confidence interval (CI=1,924, 3,060). Replacing the closed-population assumption with a population allowed to grow (or decrease) according to some constant rate over the study period, the maximum-likelihood estimate of population size for the year 2000 becomes 3,871 (CI=2,795, 5,542) associated to an estimated annual growth rate of 31% over the study period and in the surveyed area. Although the inclusion of the growth rate results in a less restrictive assumption about population size, it is unclear at this time how to interpret it since the population around the Abrolhos Bank is some (unknown) fraction of whales wintering off Brazil. Alternatively, a fit of Whitehead’s model allowing for emigration and re-immigration gives an estimate of about 3,000 whales (CI=2,500, 3,650).
Bycatch of bottlenose dolphins in South Carolina, USA, and an evaluation of the Atlantic blue crab fishery categorisation
Authors: Burdett Leslie G. , McFee Wayne E.
Published: March 2023

In the USA, commercial fisheries that interact with marine mammals are categorised according to the number of incidental takes of marine mammals relative to the defined Potential Biological Removal (PBR) for the population. Three categories exist for such commercial fisheries: Category I, II and III, each varying in the degree of regulation. Fishery categorisation is based on a five-year running average of the number of incidental entanglements in that fishery and is published annually in the Federal Register. The Atlantic blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) fishery is one of South Carolina’s largest commercial fisheries in terms of volume and value and was recently re-categorised as a Category II fishery, resulting in heightened regulation. The Atlantic blue crab fishery exists in known areas of bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) habitat; therefore, interaction between the two is probable. This study uses historical marine mammal stranding data and on-board investigations of the blue crab fishery in South Carolina to investigate the degree of fishery and dolphin interaction. Analysis of historical strandings showed that approximately 24% of the 42 entanglement cases in South Carolina from 1992-2003 resulted from the blue crab fishery. In nine of the 12 years examined, bottlenose dolphin mortality rates were found to be greater than or equal to 10% of the South Carolina Management Unit’s PBR, which is significant according to the US Marine Mammal Protection Act’s (MMPA) definitions for the Atlantic Coastal Stock of bottlenose dolphins. In addition, results from this study showed that the average number of bottlenose dolphin entanglements per year in the South Carolina blue crab fishery has exceeded 1% of PBR across a five-year period (1999-2003), which defines a Category II fishery. Thus, entanglement data from South Carolina from 1992-2003 support the re-categorisation of the blue crab fishery and the introduction of heightened regulations under the MMPA.
Summer distribution of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the German North Sea and Baltic Sea
Authors: Scheidat Meike , Kock Karl-Hermann , Siebert Ursula
Published: March 2023

Current plans to utilise German offshore waters as sites for windmill parks as well as ongoing investigation of potential areas to implement Natura 2000 have led to an increased research effort on local marine mammal populations. The aim of this study was to determine the spatial distribution of harbour porpoises in the German part of the North Sea and Baltic Sea. Aerial surveys were conducted from May to August 2002 using standard line-transect methodology. A total of 21 days of aerial surveying covered 8,072km tracks on effort; 4,908km were conducted in conditions of good visibility. A total of 785 harbour porpoises (488 sightings) were seen; 597 animals (427 sightings) were detected in conditions of good visibility. The study area was divided into a grid of 3 minute latitude by 6 minute longitude squares. Porpoise relative abundance and distribution were estimated as the number of animals per km on effort in each square. The results showed that in the North Sea, the highest number of porpoises per km was observed in the northeastern part of the surveyed area, close to the Danish border and in the area of Amrum Outerbank. In the Baltic Sea, the highest relative abundance of porpoises was seen in the Pomeranian Bight between the island of Rügen and the Polish border. Pod size in the Baltic was larger than in the North Sea. The aerial surveys were continued in 2003 in order to collect more information on temporal and spatial distribution of harbour porpoise and its intra and inter-annual variability in German waters. These data will serve as a baseline for management decisions.
Stranding patterns of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) in the German North and Baltic Seas: when does the birth period occur?
Authors: Hasselmeier I. , Abt K. F. , Adelung D. , Siebert U.
Published: March 2023

Stranded harbour porpoises were analysed to investigate differences in stranding patterns along the North and Baltic Sea coasts of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. A total of 1,015 stranded or bycaught harbour porpoises were recorded between 1990-2000. Most of the stranded animals were found during the summer months: in the North Sea, the peak occurred in the months of June and July, whereas in the Baltic most of the porpoises were found in July and August. Strandings of mature females (>3.9 years) and young animals (<1 year) were positively correlated during the summer months. No significant correlation between mature males and young porpoises nor between mature males and females was observed. By using a non-parametric procedure, a birth period for the North Sea population between 6 June and 16 July was calculated, with 27 June as the mean date of birth. In the Kiel Bight population, births were assumed to take place one month later than in the North Sea.
An improved method for line transect sampling in Antarctic minke whale surveys
Authors: Okamura Hiroshi , Kitakado Toshihide , Mori Mitsuyo
Published: March 2023

The series of abundance estimates for Antarctic minke whales obtained using standard line transect methods from IWC/SOWER surveys imply drastic (and probably unrealistic) changes in true abundance. One possible factor is that the detection probability on the trackline, g(0), may have decreased with the introduction of inexperienced observers in the most recent surveys. Additionally, mean observed school size may have decreased in the third circumpolar survey in comparison with the second survey. This paper introduces an extended and generalised hazard probability model without the assumption that g(0)=1 to estimate true school size distribution in the population. The proposed method uses a survey design that combines the use of both passing mode with independent observers and closing mode in which the vessel turns off the trackline and closes with the sighting for confirmation of school size and species. The abundance estimate is based on the Horvitz-Thompson estimator in an unequal detectability sampling scheme. The method is applied to the IDCR/SOWER dataset of Antarctic minke whales for illustrative purposes.
Genetic tagging of male North Atlantic minke whales through comparison of maternal and foetal DNA-profiles
Authors: Skaug Hans J. , Oien Nils
Published: March 2023

DNA-profiles from 288 mother-foetus pairs were used to obtain partial DNA-profiles for the fathers of the foetuses. The paternal profiles were subsequently matched against those of the males on the Norwegian DNA-register for minke whales using statistical analyses. Three likely instances of paternity were identified. An estimate of the number of reproductively active males in the population was calculated and found to be consistent with previous abundance estimates. However, the associated confidence interval was very broad since it was based on few ‘recaptures’. Finally the scope and potential use of such genetic and population data is discussed.
Fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) summering in the Ligurian Sea: distribution, encounter rate, mean group size and relation to physiographic variables
Authors: Panigada Simone , Notarbartolo Di Sciara Guiseppe , Panigada Margherita Zanardelli , Airoldi Sabina , Borsani J. Fabrizio , Jahoda Maddalena
Published: March 2023

This paper investigates the distribution of Mediterranean fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) between 1990-99 in the recently-established Pelagos Sanctuary for the Conservation of Mediterranean Marine Mammals. During the study period, 870 days were spent at sea, surveying a total of 73,046km, totalling 540 sightings of fin whales. Mean yearly whale encounter rates showed no significant differences in the first five years, but then steadily decreased between 1995-99. The highest encounter rates and largest mean aggregation size (mean=2.12; SD=1.32; SE=1.15) were in summer 1995 and the mean aggregation size throughout the study period was 1.75 (mode=1; SD=1.11; SE=0.05). Differences in mean aggregation size were significant between years, but not months. This is likely to be related to prey availability and to patchiness of plankton distribution. Generalised Linear Models were used to relate fin whale distribution to physiographic variables (mean, range and standard deviation of depth and slope, and distance from the nearest coast). Water depth was the most significant variable in describing fin whale distribution, with more than 90% of sightings occurring in waters deeper than 2,000m. This study demonstrates the deep water preference of fin whales in this area, emphasises the crucial role that this part of the western Ligurian Sea plays in the ecology of Mediterranean fin whales and provides recommendations for conservation and management measures in the area.
Педагогика копинг-поведения. Динамика. Особенности
Authors: Поникарова Валентина Николаевна , Покудина Татьяна Николаевна , Алексина Юлия Юрьевна , Шумило Виктория Дмитриевна
Published: March 2023

В монографии рассмотрены динамика и особенности копинг-поведения в условиях инклюзии. Монография включает теоретический анализ проблемы копинг-поведения, современные подходы к его изучению. Авторы рассматривают особенности социально-адаптивного и копинг-поведения на разных этапах онтогенеза у лиц с ограниченными возможностями здоровья. В монографии затронуты особенности копинг-поведения педагогов, реализующих инклюзивное образование. Авторами представлен обширный практический материал, который включает диагностику, прикладные методы и приемы формирования социально-адаптивного и копинг-поведения. Издание может быть интересно российским и зарубежным ученым, практическим работникам в области инклюзивного образования, бакалаврам, магистрантам и аспирантам.
Impact of the Hospitality and Tourism Industry on Social Economic Development in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
Authors: Kasongo Laura
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the impacts of the hospitality and tourism industry on social economic development in democratic republic of Congo (DRC).

Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.

Findings: The results show that the greatest perceived socio-economic impacts of the hospitality sector are increased employment, improved living standards, greater tax revenues to State and local governments and growth in local retail sales. The hospitality industry generates substantial direct and indirect revenues for local and regional economies.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Social exchange theory and Otus theory may be used to anchor future studies in the tourism sector. The study results will also benefit other stakeholders such as the policy makers as well as researchers and scholars from different parts of the world. The top management of hospitality industries in the country will also use the study findings to improve tourism performance in all their activities and programs. The study recommends that the adoption of effective social protection development policies in the tourism and hospitality sector will help to improve efficiency in their major operations and activities.
Predicting COVID Cases: Effectiveness of the Vaccine
Authors: Kasamsetty Ritesh , Hellman Alex , Xu Derek , Solgi Ryan
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has been one of the most devastating events in recent history, resulting in millions of deaths and destruction to the global economy. While vaccines have been developed to slow the spread of the virus and achieve global herd immunity, millions of US citizens refuse to take them due to speculation regarding their safety and effectiveness. Our project goal is to reassure people that COVID vaccines are effective at controlling the spread of the virus and reducing the number of people infected. To demonstrate this, we use an autoregressive (AR) model and long short-term memory (LSTM) network to represent the spread of COVID over time. Using data from various US states, we display COVID trends over the last year and make predictions on how the disease will spread in the future (beyond the scope of our data set) with and without vaccines. In the end, our predictions show that vaccines are effective at reducing cases and slowing the spread of the disease. By comparing results from both models for each state, we were able to choose the more accurate model and use it for our graphs and predictions. After comparing sources of error in our models (root mean square error and coefficient of determination), our results indicated that the LSTM neural network was much more accurate than the autoregressive model.
Analysis of Anxiety and Depression in the Context of Commercially-Available Energy Beverage Consumption
Authors: Ming Nathan , Cavanaugh Chloe
Published: March 2023

Energy drinks are common in the diets of teenagers. Despite the increase in consumption in American teenagers, little has been done to study its effects on the anxiety and depressive behaviors of teenagers. 25 participants were selected including a majority of Asians and Caucasians between the ages of 12 to 22. The participants filled out a survey that recorded a baseline for a week, and then drank increasing dosages of energy drinks the following week while continuing to fill out a survey. They filled out a survey that was designed with SIG E CAPS indicators on each day, and the results were compared using a student’s t-test. The results were not statistically significant, but this supports that the caffeine limit set by the Food and Drug Administration does indeed prevent negative effects of caffeine on adolescents. One participant, with a pre-existing psychiatric condition, withdrew from the study after his markers of anxiety were significantly higher in the week that he took the energy drinks. While the study was limited in both scale and dosage, it did fall in alignment with the body of literature that preceded it. To formulate a statistically significant study with results that have a higher confidence level, the dosage of caffeine and the number of participants who consume it would need to be increased. The study, while not being statistically significant, reinforced the pediatric limit of caffeine and opened the door to further studies that involve a higher dosage or more participants.
The Influence of Propaganda in the USSR During Brezhnev's Rule on Soviet Citizens' Worldviews
Authors: Reinberg Maria Alice , Heckscher Benjamin
Published: March 2023

The presented article examines the ways Soviet propaganda continues to influence ex-Soviets' perception of life 30 years after the collapse of the USSR. This article examines to what extent the opinions and values of ex-Soviets align with ones enforced by Soviet propaganda of a chosen time period: the 1970s. The extent and causations of the success of Soviet propaganda of the 1970s are explored through promotional media analysis and interview conduction.

In the article, a set of beliefs, enforced by propaganda is created through the review of propaganda media of the 1970s. These beliefs are compared with ones held by a group of ex-Soviets. The results of the performed comparison indicate that propaganda continues to influence the worldviews of ex-Soviets. Features of Soviet propaganda of the 1970s that made it effective are discussed.
Implementation of Computing Node Centrality with Bridge and Community Detection
Authors: Chung Leonardo , Park Kun Young
Published: March 2023

As our society grows, the potential of certain people affecting the masses has increased dramatically with the presence of media, virality, and celebrities. Therefore, it is essential to know which persons might be influencing, swaying, or manipulating the public the most in a social network. Similarly, finding the most important webpage can impact advertisement spending for corporations. I propose and determine a better method to find the most significant "influencer" and other real-world applications using graph theory in discrete mathematics. There are many methods of node centrality, and some have more advantages than others. As measuring this score becomes more complex, accuracy is guaranteed, but time complexity increases simultaneously. In particular, when the score is a case where the relationship between nodes is important, the time complexity shows an extreme increase. Graphs representing the real world have a lot of nodes and edges in many cases, and experiments have found that if applied as they are, the time efficiency will be extremely low. To compensate for this point, bridge detection and community detection, a method of dividing a large graph into several subgraphs at a low level, were applied to change the nested loop operation to a simple sum of operations in series. Furthermore, a model, which is the most appropriate combination, was proposed and experimentally proved in consideration of trade-offs. The reason for selecting the ratio of node and edge numbers to increase the experiment's credibility was also described.
CAPTCHAs in reality: What might happen if they are easily broken?
Authors: Narayanaswamy Ananya
Published: March 2023

This research paper explains the potential impact when CAPTCHAs become easy for attackers to solve. A literature review has been done on the different types of CAPTCHAs as well as the different methods present to break the CAPTCHAs. But data regarding the effect that CAPTCHAs have had when they have been attacked and broken is scarce. CAPTCHAs are deployed mainly to secure sites or apps but there are particular disadvantages which make them not only less beneficial to the owners of the sites or apps but also to the humans who need to solve them. These disadvantages are also in the form of vulnerabilities which prove beneficial to the attackers who can easily make use of the vulnerabilities to break the CAPTCHAs. It has been found that the impact of these attacks, in reality, has not been mentioned in previous studies. The impact prompts for advanced CAPTCHAs which solve the problems with the CAPTCHAs we have today.
Causes of Crohn's Disease
Authors: Levine Daniel , Aceves Jeffrey
Published: March 2023

Crohn’s Disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that affects the small intestine. The causes of Crohn’s Disease are not fully known, but research has shown that the main causes are an immune response due to the overproduction of signaling molecules, environmental factors and lifestyle, and a person’s genetics/microbial environment. A hyper-inflammatory immune response causing immune cells to attack intestinal epithelial cells due to the overproduction of cytokines can result in discomfort for the patient and can even cause perforations in the intestinal epithelial layer. There has also been work that shows a correlation between a person’s diet and the development of Crohn’s Disease. Diets containing high levels of fat and sugar have been shown to negatively affect the small intestine, whereas diets high in fiber have prompted protective effects against Crohn’s Disease. Additionally, smoking has been shown to have adverse effects on the small intestine since the inhaled chemicals can break down the protective mucosal layer, leaving the epithelial cells in the intestine more susceptible to damage and inflammation. Crohn’s Disease has also been found in patients who have decreased biodiversity in the small intestine. Lastly, genetics have been shown to hold a significant link in the prevalence of Crohn’s Disease. In this review, we will discuss the mechanisms behind the key causes of Crohn’s Disease as well as discuss future research into Crohn’s Disease, focusing more on finding biological cures to the disease to prevent it from being passed down.