bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Influence of Islamic Social Reporting Disclosure on the Growth of Islamic Banks (Study of Sharia Commercial Bank 2017-2021 Period)
Authors: Ramadhanty Raihan , Siregar Saparuddin , Nasution Juliana
Published: January 2023

This study aims to empirically examine the effect of Islamic Social Reporting on the Growth of Islamic Banking, namely Islamic Commercial Banks for the 2017-2021 period. This study uses a quantitative approach. The type of variable data is secondary data, namely data obtained from the annual financial report published on the official website of each bank for the period 2017-2021. The analytical method used is the panel data regression method. The data analysis techniques used in this study include Descriptive Statistical Analysis, Model Selection (FEM, CEM REM, Chow Test, Hausman Test, and Lagrange Multiplier Test). Classical Assumption Test consists of the Normality Test, Multicollinearity Test, Autocorrelation Test, and Heteroscedasticity Test, Test The hypothesis consists of the T-Test, F Test, Coefficient of Determination, and Multiple Linear Regression Test with the help of the Eviews 10.0 application. The results of this study indicate that partially (t-test) the firm size variable has a significant positive effect on Islamic Social Reporting. Partially, the profitability variable has a significant positive effect on Islamic Social Reporting. Partially, leverage has a significant positive effect on Islamic Social Reporting. Simultaneously (F test) the variables of firm size, profitability, and leverage have a significant effect on the disclosure of Islamic Social Reporting.
Eksistensi Pendamping Sosial di Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak
Authors: Hakim Fatwa Nurul
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan eksistensi pendamping sosial pada Lembaga Kesejahteraan Sosial Anak (LKSA). Eksistensi pendamping sosial dapat dilihat dari peran yang dilakukan pada LKSA tersebut. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara. Subyek penelitian adalah pendamping sosial anak terlantar di LKSA, dianalisis secara deskriptif interpretative tentang peran pendamping sosial anak terlantar dalam program kesejahteraan sosial anak dan lembaga kesejahteraan sosial anak/panti. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendamping sosial menjalankan peran sebagai upaya meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan kesejahteraan sosial bagi anak terlantar telah tercapai, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan terpenuhinya kebutuhan pelayanan fisik, kebutuhan pelayanan psikologis, kebutuhan pelayanan sosial dan kebutuhan pelayanan pendidikan bagi anak terlantar. Karya nyata pendamping sosial juga didorong oleh motivasi yang tinggi untuk menjalankan amal sholeh yang diperintahkan agama. Rekomendasi penelitian, diharapkan Kementerian Sosial selaku yang mengatur regulasi memberikan perhatian terhadap LKSA dengan meningkatkan kapasitas pendamping melalui kegiatan bimtek, serta perlu meninjau ulang besaran insentif yang diterima pendamping LKSA dilihat dari cakupan wilayah dampingan dan jumlah KPM yang didampingi serta lembaga swasta yang bergerak di bidang perlindungan anak untuk melakukan pendampingan supaya dapat memenuhi hak – hak anak
Pengaruh Dukungan Sosial terhadap Kualitas Hidup pada Individu Autistik Dewasa
Authors:   Departemen Psikologi Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Airlangga, Jawa Timur, Surjaningrum Endang Retno , Mujahadah Husnul
Published: January 2023

Gangguan Spektrum Autisme merupakan gangguan perkembangan yang ditandai dengan hambatankomunikasi dan interaksi sosial. Gangguan ini berlangsung sepanjang usia hingga dewasa. Indikatorkeberhasilan layanan intervensi pada individu dengan disabilitas dapat diketahui melalui kualitas hidup. Penelitian sebelumnya menemukan kualitas hidup individu autistik dewasa cenderung lebih rendah. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan kualitas hidup individu autistik dewasa melalui identifikasi faktor-faktor prediktor kualitas hidup. Namun, di Indonesia belum ada penelitian terkait konteks tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas hidup individu autistik dewasa di Indonesia dan peranan dukungan sosial. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Kualitas hidup diukur dengan kuesioner WHOQoL-BREF, Disability Module dan ASQoL. Dukungan sosial diukur dengan ISEL-12. Jumlah partisipan 31 orang yang berusia 18-30 tahun tersebar di beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dukungan sosial berkorelasi positif dengan kualitas hidup. Hal ini menunjukkan meningkatnya dukungan sosial sejalan dengan meningkatnya kualitas hidup pada individu autistik dewasa. Sumber dukungan sosial yang dirasakan paling menguntungkan bagi individu autistik dewasa berasal dari keluarga, teman, dan profesional (terapis, guru,psikolog). Bantuan yang diberikan mencakup bantuan informasi, bantuan emosional, dan bantuan langsung. Upaya meningkatkan kesejahteraan hidup bagi individu autistik dewasa memerlukan kerjasama dari berbagai elemen mulai dari pembuat kebijakan hingga masyarakat. Temuan ini menambah wawasan pengetahuan mengenai gambaran kehidupan individu autistik dewasa di Indonesia untuk pengembangan program-program selanjutnya.
Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Informasi Program-Program Kesejahteraan Sosial oleh Kementerian Sosial bagi Masyarakat
Authors:   LSPR Institute of Communication and Business, Cristy Rachel , Boer Rino Febrianno , Kusumadewi Rr. Indrawati
Published: January 2023

Saat ini pemerintahan di Indonesia menggunakan media sosial sebagai sarana penyebaran informasi salah satunya adalah Kementerian Sosial RI. Salah satu penggunaan media sosial oleh Kementerian Sosial RI adalah Instagram, yang digunakan untuk memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai informasi bencana alam dan penanganannya, Bantuan Langsung Tunai (BLT), bantuan disabilitas, perlindungan anak, dan lain lain di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pengaruh efek kognitif dan Relasi Dengan Organisasi, yaitu Kementerian Sosial Republik Indonesia terhadap pemenuhan kebutuhan informasi followers instagram @Kemensosri. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survei. Untuk mendapatkan hasil pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 206 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 81.1% kebutuhan informasi followers akun instagram @Kemensosri dipengaruhi oleh efek kognitif dan Relasi Dengan Organisasi. Sementara itu sisanya sebesar 18.9% dipengaruhi oleh faktor diluar dari variabel dalam penelitian ini. Namun menurut hasil antara kedua variabel, variabel Relasi Dengan Organisasi memiliki pengaruh lebih besar hal ini ditunjukkan dengan hasil 81.1% dan kognitif dengan hasil 59.7%.
NEW DATA ABOUT MULTIRESISTANT GERMAN COCHROACHES IN RUSSIA
Authors:   Institute of Disinfectology F.F. Erisman Rospotrebnadzor, Eremina O.Yu. , Olifer O.Yu. ,   Institute of Disinfectology F.F. Erisman Rospotrebnadzor, Davlianidze T.A. ,   Institute of Disinfectology F.F. Erisman Rospotrebnadzor
Published: January 2023

Resistance to insecticides from various chemical groups was assessed under laboratory conditions, on several strains of German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), obtained from populations collected from food facilities in Moscow, Moscow Region (Krasnogorsk, Dmitrov), and Magnitogorsk.. It was established that German cockroaches of all the studied strains had the highest resistance to cypermethrin (92-> 4000×). Resistance to chlorpyrifos was also high (30-50×), only cockroaches from Magnitogorsk were tolerant to this active ingredient (5×). For the first time in Russia, extremely high cockroach resistance to fipronil (23-192×) has been established. In the studied strains of German cockroach, susceptibility or tolerance to neonicotinoids was recorded. Resistance ratios for thiamethoxam were 2.2-10× and for its active metabolite clothianidin were (1.3-9.6×). Mosaic resistance to indoxacarb (3.2-31×) and chlorfenapyr (2.5-60×) was found in different strains of German cockroach. Possible mechanisms of insect multiresistance to insecticides are discussed. Key words: German cockroach, Blattella germanica, resistance, insecticides.
SPATIAL PATTERNS OF TRICHINOSIS DISTRIBUTION IN THE SOUTH OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mironova V.A. , Karabanova E.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Shartova N.V. ,   Higher School of Economics
Published: January 2023

The registered cases of trichinosis among the population of four federal entities of the south of the Far East (Amur Region, Jewish Autonomous Region, Transbaikal Territory and Khabarovsk Territory) in 2000-2020 were considered. A spatial analysis, mapping and visualization was carried out on the basis of data derived from state reports of the Rospotrebnadzor on the number of cases and the frequency of their registration in the context of municipalities. A typological classification of territories has been built using the developed scoring and the identification of statistically significant “hot” and “cold” spots has been provided. It has been established that the incidence of trichinosis in humans is associated with both the consumption of meat of wild animals and domestic pigs, which, apparently, is associated with the Trichinella species prevailing in each specific area. Regions with stably recorded incidence have been identified, however, the establishment of more obvious spatial patterns of the spread of trichinosis is hindered by the insufficiency and incompleteness of published data, in particular, the lack or inaccessibility of information on the Trichinella species composition and the fragmentation of data on the results of epidemiological investigations. The tested method gives an idea of the levels of risk of infection with trichinosis for the population of the region and can be used for more in-depth studies in the future. Key words: trichinosis, spatial statistics, risk assessment, hot and cold spots.
STUDY OF FLEA SENSITIVITY TO DRUGS BASED ON CHLORPYRIFOS AND ZETACYPERMETHRIN
Authors:   FKUZ Stavropol Anti-plague Institute of the Rospotrebnadzora, Tokhov Yu.M. , Shaposhnikova L.I. ,   FKUZ Stavropol Anti-plague Institute of the Rospotrebnadzora, Zhiltsova A.Yu. ,   FKUZ Stavropol Anti-plague Institute of the Rospotrebnadzora
Published: January 2023

The results of the study of the sensitivity of fleas – vectors of the plague microbe to insecticidal preparations based on chlorpyrifos and zetacypermethrin are presented. Studies were carried out on imago fleas of three laboratory cultures: Xenopsylla cheopis Rothschild, 1903 (Siphonaptera, Pulicidae), Citellophilus tesquorum Wagner, 1898 and Nosopsyllus laeviceps Wagner, 1909, (Siphonaptera, Ceratophyllidae). During the experiment, it was found that preparations based on zetacypermethrin and chlorpyrifos were highly insecticidal for Xenopsylla cheopis (S-XC), Citellophilus tesquorum (S-CT) and Nosopsyllus laeviceps (S-NL) fleas. The diagnostic concentrations found for insecticides using sensitive populations of S-shutters (S-XC, S-CT, and S-NL) were determined. The results obtained may be in demand in practice by specialists who carry out work on the regulation of flea numbers during field and village pest control in natural plague foci in the North Caucasus. Key words: fleas, insecticide, plague, natural focus.
LABORATORY INVESTIGASTIONS OF MALARIA AND DIROFILARIASES FOR EPIDEMIOLOGICAL MONITORING IN TULA REGION, RUSSIA, IN 2012-2021
Authors:   Federal budgetary health care institution “Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Tula region”, Derzhavina T.Yu. , Ignatova T.Yu. ,   Federal budgetary health care institution “Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Tula region”, Kolganova A.V. ,   Federal budgetary health care institution “Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Tula region”, Khokhlachkina I.A. ,   Department of Rospotrebnadzor in Tula region
Published: January 2023

Twenty two imported cases of malaria from Africa have been reported in Tula region of Russian Federation in 2012-2021, of which two were with fatal outcome. The age of malaria patients ranged from 20 to 40 years old. Men prevailed among patients (85 %). There were 19 cases of Plasmodium falciparum, 2 Plasmodium ovale; and one of Plasmodium malariae. Cases have been verified by a reference centre. From 2012 to 2021 10 cases of dirofilariasis have been recorded in humans, a vector-borne helminthiasis of carnivorous animals transmitted by mosquitoes. The results of laboratory monitoring determined necessary measures of surveillance and prevention in relation to vector-borne parasitoses. Key worlds: malaria, dirofilariases, mosquitoes, vector-borne parasitic diseases, reference center.
الموضوعات والأطر السياسية لأخبار وزارة الخارجية العراقية في موقعها الإلكتروني (دراسة تحليلية)
Authors: الربيعي طه علي , مراد كامل خورشيد
Published: January 2023

تنتمي الدراسة إلى البحوث الوصفية حيث تم استخدم خلالها المنهج المسحي، هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على الموضوعات والأطر السياسية في أخبار وزارة الخارجية العراقية التي يغطيها موقعها الإلكتروني الرسمي، وذلك عبر منهج تحليل المضمون لعينة عشوائية من الأخبار المنشورة في الموقع للعام 2021، شملت العينة (191) خبرا تعادل (20%) من مجموع مفردات مجتمع الدراسة البالغة (942) مفردة. وتوصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج كان أهمها ما يلي؛ استحواذ الموضوع السياسي بمفهومه العام على الاهتمام الأبرز من بين مختلف القضايا والأحداث التي اهتمت بها الدبلوماسية العراقية، ومن خلاله برز كل من "التعاون الدولي"، و"التعاون الثنائي"، ثم "التنسيق السياسي الإقليمي" كأبرز الموضوعات السياسية.  وكذلك استحواذ أطر "التعاون الإقليمي"، والتعاون الاقتصادي"، و"التعاون الدولي"، و"التعاون الأمني/ العسكري" كأطر للنشاط الدبلوماسي والسياسي ما يعكس اهتمامات الدبلوماسية العراقية في توثيق علاقات العراق مع مختلف القوى الفاعلة في العالم.
مضامين اعلانات حملة (لقح تسلم) للتوعية حول اللقاحات المضادة لفيروس كوفيد-19(دراسة تحليلية لصفحة وزارة الصحة على الفيس بوك)
Authors: العزاوي ريهام عبد العزيز عبد الكريم , أحمد ريا قحطان
Published: January 2023

هدف البحث التعرف على مضامين إعلانات حملة (لقح تسلم) التي قامت بها وزارة الصحة العراقية للمدة من (19/11/2020) لغاية (1/4/2022)، للتوعية باللقاحات المضادة لفيروس كوفيد 19، والتي نشرتها على صفحتها الرسمية على الفيسبوك. باستخدام أسلوب الحصر الشامل لمجتمع البحث، واستعملت اداة تحليل المضمون. ومن أبرز نتائج البحث ان الحملة خلت من رمز خاص بها، واختارت شعار رئيسي لها هي (لقح تسلم) فضلاً عن شعارات ثانوية اخرى. ركزت الشعارات على اهمية اللقاح لضمان سلامة الفرد، واهمية الاستمرار بارتداء الكمامة بعد التلقيح للوقاية من الاصابة بالفيروس. ولاحظت الباحثة غياب الشعار الرئيسي للحملة في الإعلانات، بالرغم من انه يفترض ان يكون موجوداً في إعلانات الحملة جميعها.
Vapaan Venäjän sävelet jakolinjojen uurtajina
Authors: Suodenjoki Sami
Published: January 2023

Artikkeli tarkastelee marssilaulun Vapaa Venäjä leviämistä, esityskonteksteja ja poliittisia  merkityksiä 1920-luvulta toisen maailmansodan jälkeisiin vuosiin. Marssi levisi nopeasti  Neuvosto-Venäjän, Suomen ja Pohjois-Amerikan välillä ja herätti eri poliittisissa ryhmissä hyvin  erilaisia tunteita. Suomessa Vapaasta Venäjästä kehittyi yhtäältä kommunistisen työväestön  protestin väline ja toisaalta sosiaalidemokraattien ja oikeistolaisten ärtymyksen kohde.  Äänilevyjen välityksellä kappale kuitenkin murtautui ulos puhtaasti ideologisista  tulkintakehyksistä ja kiinnittyi osaksi uuden suomalaisen populaarimusiikin aaltoa 1920-luvun  lopussa. Hahmotan artikkelissa tätä kehitystä analysoimalla aikalaislehdistön kirjoittelua ja  muistitietoa. Erittelen Vapaan Venäjän poliittisia merkityksiä myös vertaamalla sitä muihin  aikakauden työväenlauluihin sekä samaan sävelmään tehtyyn, Neuvostoliitossa levinneeseen Slaavittaren jäähyväiset -marssiin.
 
This article addresses the transnational trajectory of the song  Vapaa Venäjä (Free Russia) into a  communist anthem and the object of fierce political dispute in the interwar period. By using  writings to the press and oral history as source materials, the article sheds light on how Free  Russia shaped political experiences in both Finland and Finnish America. The melody of Free  Russia was borrowed from the Russian military march Farewell to Slavianka, and its lyrics  described the Russian Revolution. For these reasons, and for allegedly glorifying Bolshevism, the march aroused fierce criticism in the Finnish non-communist media. However, Finnish  communists adopted Free Russia as their instrument for protest and for outmatching the Social Democrats. For some workers, the performance of the song also served to express unity and  future hopes as they travelled from Finland or North America to the Soviet Union. However, this  article shows that after being recorded by the Columbia company in 1924, Free Russia also sold  well as a gramophone record and was spread to new settings such as the intimate sphere of  home. This contributed to the partial transition of the march from a strictly ideological context  to that of internationally produced “Finnish” popular music.
Pemanfaatan Citra Google Earth Untuk Pembuatan Peta Wilayah Desa Sempayang Dan Analisis Perbandingan Hasil Luas Penggunaan Lahan Pemukiman Berdasarkan Metode Supervised dan Unsupervised Classification
Authors: Utomo Edy , Syarif Iif Ahmad , Maharani Arin Isyamelya
Published: January 2023

Kecamatan Malinau Barat tediri dari 9 desa dengan luas sebesar 73.824,99 Ha. Hampir sebagian besar wilayah desa tersebut belum memiliki peta tematik sebagai media informasinya. Salah satunya adalah Desa Sempayang dengan luas 559,74 Ha. Oleh sebab itu, Laboratorium Pemetaan dan Geografis Teknik Sipil melakukan kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat di Desa tersebut. Pada artikel ini tidak hanya membahas terkait pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat, namun juga sekilas membahas perbandingan nilai hasil perhitungan luas penggunaan lahan di wilayah pemukiman Desa Sempayang. Acuan basemap yang digunakan dalam pembuatan peta adalah citra yang tersedia pada platform Google Earth, sedangkan analisis luas penggunaan lahan menggunakan Metode Supervised dan Unsupervised Classification. Berdasarkan proses yang telah dilaksanakan, maka didapatkan hasil pembuatan peta wilayah desa yang representatif memberikan informasi gambaran wilayah Desa Sempayang. Selain itu, berdasarkan penerapan dua metode klasifikasi luas penggunaan lahan didapatkan nilai perbedaan sebesar 0,04% secara keseluruhan. Namun terjadi perbedaan yang sangat signifikan pada nilai luasan disetiap jenis klasifikasi yang ditetapkan, sehingga menyebabkan sulitnya pengambilan keputusan. Oleh sebab itu, dibutuhkan validasi kontrol dengan menerapkan metode digitasi manual dan pengukuran terestrial untuk menentukan metode mana yang lebih akurat untuk digunakan.
Pelatihan Penggunaan Alat Ukur Dasar Bagi Siswa Kelas X SMA IT Al Fahmi Palu
Authors: Rugayya Sitti , Iqbal  , Nismayanti Anis , Kasim Sandra , Syamsiah Lulu
Published: January 2023

Ilmu Fisika tidaklah terlepas dari kegiatan eksperimen yakni pengamatan dan pengukuran. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan serta keterampilan dalam memahami ilmu Fisika dan juga untuk mendukung capaian dari kurikulum yang berlaku. Siswa kelas X sekolah tingkat menengah telah dibekali pembelajaran ilmu Fisika secara teori mengenai pengukuran. Peningkatan pemahaman mengenai pengukuran sebaiknya dilakukan kegiatan pengukuran secara langsung menggunakan beberapa alat ukur dasar yaitu jangka sorong, mikrometer sekrup, dan neraca o’haus. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan saintifik yakni pelaksanaan pengabdian mengandung unsur pengetahuan di bidang keilmuan Fisika. Sebanyak 45 orang peserta mengikuti kegiatan ini yang berasal dari SMA IT AL Fahmi Palu. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan siswa dalam penggunaan alat ukur dasar berdasarkan keberhasilan siswa melakukan pengukuran secara mandiri. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil penilaian yang diperoleh rata-rata 92,7 yang menunjukkan kriteria sangat baik.
Eski Uygurca Padak ve Türk Halk Edebiyatındaki Ayak Terimi Üzerine
Authors: ŞEHİTOĞLU Muammer
Published: January 2023

Çalışmanın amacı, Eski Uygur Türkçesi Dönemi eser metinlerinde geçen “padak” teriminin anlam değerleri üzerinde durularak, Türk Halk edebiyatındaki “ayak, ayak verme, ayak açma vb.” terimleri ve onunla ilişkili olarak kullanılan edebiyat terimlerinin anlam değerlerini değerlendirmektir. Çalışmanın problemini, “ayak” teriminin Türk Halk edebiyatındaki kullanımı ve anlam değeri ile Eski Uygur Türkçesi metinlerinde geçen “padak” teriminin anlam değeri bakımından ilişkisinin olup olmadığı sorusu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada, bu problemin yanıtına uygun bulgulara kapı açan Ana Altay Türkçesindeki *pata kavramının ifade ettiği anlam değerinden hareketle de “ayak” terimi ve onunla birlikte kurulan genel anlamlı diğer kavram işaretlerine nasıl temel oluşturduğuna dikkat çekilmiş ve kavram işaretinin eylemden isme dönüşümü ve anlam yakınlığı vurgulanmıştır. Yöntem olarak araştırmanın veri kaynağını oluşturan Eski Uygur Türkçesi Dönemi’ne ait eser metinleri ve Türk Halk Edebiyatı halk ozanlarının kaleme aldıkları şiirleri ve deyişleri, “ayak” terimini karşılayan örnekler için kullanılmış ve elde edilen bulgular temelinde terim adına tanıklanarak tartışılmıştır.
Climate calibration of the Spring Index model for more accurate broad-scale first leaf predictions
Authors: Liang L
Published: January 2023

Phenological models are needed for forecasting plant and ecosystem responses to climate change. Due to a lack of considering local adaptation induced variations in climatic requirements of plant species for phenological development, traditional uniform/non-spatial models that cover broad geographic regions are susceptible to systematic prediction biases. This study presents a climate calibration method that incorporates climate adaptation patterns of plant species into a widely used Spring Index (SI) First Leaf (FL) model. Multi-year (2009-2021) phenological observation data for a most frequently observed shrub species(common lilac Syringa vulgaris) and a most frequently observed tree species(red maple Acer rubrum) in the eastern USA from the USA-National Phenology Network (USA-NPN) were used to develop and validate the calibrated models. Climatic gradients defined by latitudinal temperature variations were used to predict varied climatic requirements of the populations of each species. Prior to calibration, SI FL predictions showed consistent geographic biases and yielded large prediction errors (especially for red maple, RMSE = 30 d). Calibrated SI FL predictions yielded reduced errors (e.g. RMSE = 16 d for red maple) and were freed from significant geographic biases (α = 0.05) in all cases. The calibration method accounted for both intraspecific and interspecific variations, leading to more accurate broad-scale first leaf predictions for the species tested. The climate-calibrated SI FL allows for more accurate tracking of the onset of spring over extensive geographic areas and would support spatially explicit natural resource and environmental conservation efforts under climate change.
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Asthmatic Women According to Steps of Treatment: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Novotna Bronislava , Jarkovsky Jiri , Beneso Klara
Published: January 2023

Bronchial asthma is the most common chronic disease in pregnancy associated with adverse pregnancy, obstetric, and perinatal outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the steps of asthma treatment during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy, obstetric, and perinatal outcomes. The data of all women with singleton delivery in 2011–2017, including the diagnosis of asthma and its treatment for the same woman, were obtained from the National Registry of Reimbursed Health Services (NRRHS) of the Czech Republic. Relation of asthma and the steps of treatment to pregnancy, labour, and perinatal outcomes taken from the National Register of Reproduction Health (NRRH) for the period 2011–2015 were analysed using logistic regression and described by odds ratios, 95% confidence interval, and statistical significance. Of the total number of 752,000 women with singleton delivery, asthma and/or its treatment were found in 6.27% of deliveries. Data from 460,324 births, in which the combination of data sources was available, showed the association between asthma and pre-eclampsia, caesarean section, and birth weight ≤2,500 g, only for the fifth step of treatment (p<0.001). Caesarean section was more frequent in all evaluated groups of treatment compared with women without asthma (p<0.001). Gestational age of <37 weeks was found in children of mothers with asthma diagnosis and no treatment and for women at the fifth step of treatment (p=0.003). The incidence of birth defects and Apgar scores of <7 in 5 minutes were without statistical significance in all evaluated women. The authors concluded that pregnant women with asthma are at risk from adverse pregnancy, obstetric, and perinatal outcomes, especially upon the fifth stage of treatment.
Rocking Pneumonia and the Boogie Woogie Flu
Authors: Rijkers Ger , Croon Sophie , Nguyen Thuc Anh
Published: January 2023

The relation between pneumonia and influenza is regularly addressed in modern music. Epidemiological data obtained during influenza pandemics, as well as during seasonal influenza, illustrate and underscore this association. Even though the number of pneumonia cases are generally under-reported and blood tests show a lack of sensitivity, a clear link between influenza and pneumonia can still be observed. In fact, the majority of mortality during influenza pandemics is due to pneumonia caused by a bacterial superinfection, in most cases Streptococcus pneumoniae. Vaccination is a powerful tool to prevent the development of both influenza and pneumonia in children, as well as in the elderly. Cellular and molecular data show that influenza can lead to changes in the integrity of lung epithelial cells, including desialysation of carbohydrate moieties, which favour attachment and invasion of S. pneumoniae. Further elucidation of these mechanisms could lead to targeted intervention strategies, in which universal influenza vaccines could play a role.
Optimising Clinical Outcomes in Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Focus on Inhaler Satisfaction and Patient Adherence
Authors: Thorne Jessica
Published: January 2023

The vast array of inhaler devices can be overwhelming for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma. Matching the right inhaler features to patients’ needs is key to maximising adherence and achieving the best outcomes. During this symposium, leading global asthma and COPD experts took an in-depth look at the latest clinical data relating to inhaler satisfaction and clinical outcomes.
Acute Effects of Noninvasive Ventilation on Autonomic Modulation Following Exercise-Induced Bronchoprovocation in Asthmatic Children
Authors: Muniz Cabral David Maisi , L.F.D. Gomes Evelim , Carvalho Mello Maryjôse , Costa Dirceu
Published: January 2023

Aims:To evaluate the autonomic modulation and clinical responses during testing of exercise-induced bronchoprovocation (EIB) and when applying non-invasive ventilation (NIV).

Methods:A cross-sectional study that evaluated the heart rate variability at rest, during testing of EIB, in rest after 10 minutes of EIB, and during NIV with bilevel pressure with inspiratory positive airway pressure 12 cmH2O and expiratory positive airway pressure 8 cmH²O. Anthropometric evaluation was performed, examining inflammation and lung function. Clinical control was assessed by questionnaire (Asthma Control Questionnaire 6 [ACQ6]).

Results: A cohort of 55 children aged 10.0±3.3 years were split in response to bronchial provocation test results into a responding group (RG) (n=39) or non-responding group (NRG) (n=16). There was a significant difference between the RG and NRG in clinical control as assessed by ACQ6 (RG=1.16 [0.33–2.0] partially controlled and NRG=0.58 [0.2–1.3] controlled). There was a significant difference in both the time domain and the frequency domain of the heart rate variability, indicating an inhibition of the parasympathetic nervous system during testing of EIB that did not return to baseline levels after 10 minutes and only started to return after the use of NIV in both groups, but the parasympathetic inhibition during the bronchial provocation test in the RG was higher than in the NRG.

Conclusions:The RG presented with worse clinical control in addition to a less effective autonomic regulation. In both groups, NIV assisted in the return of autonomic activity basal levels after the bronchial provocation test.
From the “Taiwanese Dream” to an Alien Land: The Mainland Writer Zhang Yiwei’s Literary Narratives of Taiwan
Authors: HUANG Phyllis Yu-ting
Published: January 2023

Mainland Chinese writers’ interest in Taiwan surged in the first decade of the twenty-first century after PRC citizens were allowed to travel and study in Taiwan, but Zhang Yiwei is the only writer who continuously published works about Taiwan for several years. Studying in Taiwan from 2010 to 2016, Zhang’s works demonstrate how a post-1980 writer’s cultural identity was informed by the changing cross-Strait relationship from the 1980s to the 2010s. This article examines Zhang Yiwei’s three Taiwan-related works, published in 2013, 2015, and 2016 respectively, arguing that even though Zhang avoids political issues, her narratives of the natural and cultural aspects of Taiwan contest both the PRC’s One-China principle and the young Chinese generation’s “Taiwanese dream.” This article contends that by defining herself as an outsider in Taiwan, her three works present a cross-Strait student migrant’s modification of cultural identity and reterritorialization of the concept of “China.”
A novel conservative chaos driven dynamic DNA coding for image encryption
Authors: Patidar Vinod , Kaur Gurpreet
Published: January 2023

Recently, many image encryption algorithms based on hybrid DNA and chaos have been developed. Most of these algorithms utilize chaotic systems exhibiting dissipative dynamics and periodic windows/patterns in the bifurcation diagrams along with co-existing attractors in the neighborhoods of parameter space. Therefore, such algorithms generate several weak keys, thereby making them prone to various chaos- specific attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel conservative chaotic standard map-driven dynamic DNA coding (encoding, addition, subtraction and decoding) for image encryption. It is the first hybrid DNA and conservative chaos-based image encryption algorithm having effectively infinite key space. The proposed image encryption algorithm is a dynamic DNA coding algorithm i.e., for the encryption of each pixel different rules for encoding, addition/subtraction, decoding etc. are randomly selected based on the pseudorandom sequences generated with the help of the conservative chaotic standard map. We propose a novel way to generate pseudo-random sequences through the conservative chaotic standard map and also test them rigorously through the most stringent test suite of pseudo-randomness, the NIST test suite, before using them in the proposed image encryption algorithm. Our image encryption algorithm incorporates unique feed-forward and feedback mechanisms to generate and modify the dynamic one-time pixels that are further used for the encryption of each pixel of the plain image, therefore, bringing in the desired sensitivity on plaintext as well as ciphertext. All the controlling pseudorandom sequences used in the algorithm are generated for a different value of the parameter (part of the secret key) with inter-dependency through the iterates of the chaotic map (in the generation process) and therefore possess extreme key sensitivity too. The performance and security analysis has been executed extensively through histogram analysis, correlation analysis, information entropy analysis, DNA sequence-based analysis, perceptual quality analysis, key sensitivity analysis, plaintext sensitivity analysis, classical attack analysis, etc. The results are promising and prove the robustness of the algorithm against various common cryptanalytic attacks.
Strategies to counteract adverse remodeling of vascular graft: A 3D view of current graft innovations
Authors: Tan Wei , Boodagh Parnaz , Selvakumar Prakash Parthiban , Keyser Sean
Published: January 2023

Vascular grafts are widely used for vascular surgeries, to bypass a diseased artery or function as a vascular access for hemodialysis. Bioengineered or tissue-engineered vascular grafts have long been envisioned to take the place of bioinert synthetic grafts and even vein grafts under certain clinical circumstances. However, host responses to a graft device induce adverse remodeling, to varied degrees depending on the graft property and host’s developmental and health conditions. This in turn leads to invention or failure. Herein, we have mapped out the relationship between the design constraints and outcomes for vascular grafts, by analyzing impairment factors involved in the adverse graft remodeling. Strategies to tackle these impairment factors and counteract adverse healing are then summarized by outlining the research landscape of graft innovations in three dimensions—cell technology, scaffold technology and graft translation. Such a comprehensive view of cell and scaffold technological innovations in the translational context may benefit the future advancements in vascular grafts. From this perspective, we conclude the review with recommendations for future design endeavors.
Safety and efficacy of a novel three-dimensional printed microporous titanium prosthesis for total wrist arthroplasty in the treatment of end-stage wrist arthritis
Authors: Cai Xingbo , Wang Bin , Zhang Bihuan , Zhang Yue , Wang Teng , Lin Wei , Huang Youjun , Chen Bingquan , Zhou Siyuan , Lu Sheng , Xu Yongqing
Published: January 2023

Background: Total wrist arthroplasty is an effective treatment for end-stage wrist arthritis from all causes. However, wrist prostheses are still prone to complications such as prosthesis loosening and periprosthetic fractures after total wrist arthroplasty. This may be due to the wrist prosthesis imprecise matching with patient’s bone. In this study, we designed and developed a personalized three-dimensional printed microporous titanium artificial wrist prosthesis (3DMT-Wrist) for the treatment of end-stage wrist joint, and investigated its safety and effectiveness.

Methods: Total wrist arthroplasty was performed using 3DMT-Wrist in 14 cases of arthritis between February 2019 and December 2021. Preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale scores, QuickDASH scores, wrist range of motion, and wrist grip strength were evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed using the paired samples t-test.

Results: After 19.7 ± 10.7 months of follow-up, visual analog scale decreased from 66.3 ± 8.9 to 6.7 ± 4.4, QuickDASH scores decreased from 47.4 ± 7.3 to 28.2 ± 7.6, grip strength increased from 5.6 ± 1.4 to 17.0 ± 3.3 kg. The range of motion improved significantly in palmar flexion (30.1° ± 4.9° to 44.9° ± 6.5°), dorsal extension (15.7° ± 3.9° to 25.8° ± 3.3°), ulnar deviation (12.2° ± 3.9° to 20.2° ± 4.3°) and radial deviation (8.2° ± 2.3° to 16.2 ± 3.1). No dislocation or loosening of the prosthetic wrist joint was observed.

Conclusion: Total wrist arthroplasty using 3DMT-Wrist is a safe and effective new treatment for various types of end-stage wrist arthritis; it offers excellent pain relief and maintains the range of motion.
Identification of optimal surgical plan for treatment of extraocular muscle damage in thyroid eye disease patients based on computational biomechanics
Authors: Jeong Byeong Cheol , Lee Chiseung , Park Jungyul , Ryu Dongman
Published: January 2023

This study replicated the behavior of intraorbital tissue in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) based on finite element analysis for general orbital decompression risk evaluation in thyroid eye disease patients. The orbit and intraorbital tissues of thyroid eye disease patients who underwent orbital decompression were modeled as finite element models. The stress was examined at specific locations of the removed orbital wall of a thyroid eye disease patient with undergone orbital decompression, and its variation was analyzed as a function of the shape and dimension (to be removed). As a result, in orbital decompression surgery which removes the orbital wall in a rectangular shape, the stress at the orbital wall decreased as the width and depth of the removed orbital wall increased. In addition, in the case of orbital decompression, it can be seen that the chamfered model compared to the non-chamfered model (a form of general orbital decompression) have the stress reduction rate from 11.08% to 97.88%. It is inferred that if orbital decompression surgery considering the chamfered model is performed on an actual thyroid eye disease patient, it is expected that the damage to the extraocular muscle caused by the removed orbital wall will be reduced.
Organoid factory: The recent role of the human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in precision medicine
Authors: Novelli Giuseppe , Spitalieri Paola , Murdocca Michela , Centanini Eleonora , Sangiuolo Federica
Published: January 2023

During the last decades, hiPSC-derived organoids have been extensively studied and used as in vitro models for several applications among which research studies. They can be considered as organ and tissue prototypes, especially for those difficult to obtain. Moreover, several diseases can be accurately modeled and studied. Hence, patient-derived organoids (PDOs) can be used to predict individual drug responses, thus paving the way toward personalized medicine. Lastly, by applying tissue engineering and 3D printing techniques, organoids could be used in the future to replace or regenerate damaged tissue. In this review, we will focus on hiPSC-derived 3D cultures and their ability to model human diseases with an in-depth analysis of gene editing applications, as well as tumor models. Furthermore, we will highlight the state-of-the-art of organoid facilities that around the world offer know-how and services. This is an increasing trend that shed the light on the need of bridging the publicand the private sector. Hence, in the context of drug discovery, Organoid Factories can offer biobanks of validated 3D organoid models that can be used in collaboration with pharmaceutical companies to speed up the drug screening process. Finally, we will discuss the limitations and the future development that will lead hiPSC-derived technology from bench to bedside, toward personalized medicine, such as maturity, organoid interconnections, costs, reproducibility and standardization, and ethics. hiPSC-derived organoid technology is now passing from a proof-of-principle to real applications in the clinic, also thanks to the applicability of techniques, such as CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system, material engineering for the scaffolds, or microfluidic systems. The benefits will have a crucial role in the advance of both basic biological and translational research, particularly in the pharmacological field and drug development. In fact, in the near future, 3D organoids will guide the clinical decision-making process, having validated patient-specific drug screening platforms. This is particularly important in the context of rare genetic diseases or when testing cancer treatments that could in principle have severe side effects. Therefore, this technology has enabled the advancement of personalized medicine in a way never seen before.
Long-term prognosis of 35 patients with methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency based on newborn screening in China
Authors: Tong Fan , Zhang Yuchen , Chen Chi , Zhu Ling , Lu Yijun , Zhang Zhanming , Chen Ting , Yan Jiaxuan , Zheng Jing , Zhao Xiaoxu , Zhou Duo , Yang Xin , Yang Rulai , Cang Xiaohui , Jiang Pingping , Shu Qiang
Published: January 2023

Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency (MATD) is a rare metabolic disorder caused by mono- or biallelic MAT1A mutations that are not yet well understood. Of the 4,065,644 neonates screened between November 2010 and December 2021, 35 individuals have been diagnosed with an estimated incidence of 1: 116,161 by a cutoff value of methionine 82.7 μmol/L and follow-up over 11 years. MATD patients with autosomal recessive (AR) type had higher clinical and genetic heterogeneity than those with autosomal dominant (AD) type. Fifteen unrelated AD patients harbored one well-known dominant variant, c.791 G>A or c.776 C>T, and were clinically unaffected with a mean plasma methionine (Met) value <300 μmol/L. Twenty AR cases have unique genotypes and presented a wide range of clinical abnormalities from asymptomatic to white matter lesions. Of them, 10 AR patients displayed severe manifestations, such as verbal difficulty, motor delay, development delay, and white matter lesions, with mean Met >500 μmol/L and thereby were treated with a methionine-restricted diet alone or in combination with betaine, folate, or vitamin B6, and were healthy finally. Neurological abnormalities were evidenced in two patients (P16 and P27) with Met values >800 μmol/L by MRI scan. Neurological abnormalities were reversed here by liver transplantation or by the determination of S-adenosylmethionine supplementation. Additionally, 38 variants of MAT1A were distributed within patients and carriers, of which 24 were novel and mostly predicted to be damaged. Our findings with an extensive clinical and genetic dataset provided new insights into its diagnosis and treatment and will be helpful for its optimal management in the future.
Pre-pubertal oocytes harbor altered histone modifications and chromatin configuration
Authors: Wasserzug Pash Pe’era , Karavani Gilad , Reich Eli , Zecharyahu Lital , Kay Zehava , Bauman Dvora , Mordechai-Daniel Talya , Imbar Tal , Klutstein Michael
Published: January 2023

Pre-pubertal oocytes are still dormant. They are arrested in a GV state and do not undergo meiotic divisions naturally. A multitude of molecular pathways are changed and triggered upon initiation of puberty. It is not yet clear which epigenetic events occur in oocytes upon pubertal transition, and how significant these epigenetic events may be. We evaluated epigenetic marker levels in mouse pre-pubertal and post-pubertal female oocytes. In addition, we evaluated H3K9me2 levels in human oocytes collected from fertility preservation patients, comparing the levels between pre-pubertal patients and post-pubertal patients. The chromatin structure shows a lower number of chromocenters in mouse post-pubertal oocytes in comparison to pre-pubertal oocytes. All heterochromatin marker levels checked (H3K9me2, H3K27me3, H4K20me1) significantly rise across the pubertal transition. Euchromatin markers vary in their behavior. While H3K4me3 levels rise with the pubertal transition, H3K27Ac levels decrease with the pubertal transition. Treatment with SRT1720 [histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator] or overexpression of heterochromatin factors does not lead to increased heterochromatin in pre-pubertal oocytes. However, treatment of pre-pubertal oocytes with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for 24 h - changes their chromatin structure to a post-pubertal configuration, lowers the number of chromocenters and elevates their histone methylation levels, showing that hormones play a key role in chromatin regulation of pubertal transition. Our work shows that pubertal transition leads to reorganization of oocyte chromatin and elevation of histone methylation levels, thus advancing oocyte developmental phenotype. These results provide the basis for finding conditions for in-vitro maturation of pre-pubertal oocytes, mainly needed to artificially mature oocytes of young cancer survivors for fertility preservation purposes.
Novel pH-sensitive catechol dyes synthesised by a three component one-pot reaction
Authors: Calmels Juan José , Aguilar Leandro , Mancebo-Aracil Juan , Radivoy Gabriel , Domini Claudia , Garrido Mariano , Sánchez Miguel D. , Nador Fabiana
Published: January 2023

The synthesis and characterisation of new dyes based on indolizines bearing catechol groups in their structure is presented. The preparation was carried out through a simple three component one-pot reaction promoted by CuNPs/C, between pyridine-2-carbaldehyde, an aromatic alkyne and a tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) functionalized with catechol groups. The products were isolated in 30%–34% yield, which was considered more than acceptable considering that the catechol hydroxyl groups were not protected prior to reaction. In view of the colour developed by the products and their response to the acidic and basic conditions of the medium, product 3aa was studied by UV-Vis and NMR spectroscopies at different pH values. We concluded that product 3aa suffered two deprotonations at pKa of 4.4 and 9.5, giving three species in a pH range between 2–12, with colours varying from light red to deep orange. The reversibility of the process observed for 3aa at different pH values, together with its changes in colour, make this new family of products attractive candidates to use them as pH indicators.
Evaluation of a global ocean reanalysis generated by a global ocean data assimilation system based on a four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) method
Authors: Fujii Yosuke , Yoshida Takuma , Sugimoto Hiroyuki , Ishikawa Ichiro , Urakawa Shogo
Published: January 2023

Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) started to use a new global ocean data assimilation system for the operational seasonal predictions in February 2022. The system is composed of two subsystems with non-eddy-permitting (lower) and eddy-permitting (higher) resolutions. The lower-resolution subsystem adopts a four-dimensional variational (4DVAR) method to optimize the temperature and salinity fields, and the data-assimilated fields are downscaled into the higher-resolution subsystem using incremental analysis updates. The impact of introducing the 4DVAR method in the new ocean data assimilation system is investigated through the comparison of a regular reanalysis run of the system using the 4DVAR method with another run using a three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) method. A comparison of the temperature fields before the downscaling between the two reanalysis runs indicates that the 4DVAR method can more effectively reduce the misfits between the model field and assimilated observation data. However, the increase of the temperature root mean square difference (RMSD) relative to independent Argo float data, along with the larger variance, for the run with the 4DVAR method reveals that the 4DVAR method adjusts the temperature field more significantly but the adjustments are inconsistent with the independent data due to insufficient model physics and resolution. The increase of the RMSD is mitigated after the assimilated fields are downscaled into the higher-resolution subsystem. The 4DVAR method reduces the bias and RMSD of temperature relative to the independent data along the thermocline, as well as near the surface, in the equatorial vertical section, which is expected to affect the prediction of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).