bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Empirical Based Techniques for Human Cognitive Interaction Analysis: Universal Template Design
Authors: Fujita Hamido  , Hakura Jun  , Kurematsu Masaki  , Chida Shigekazu  , Arakawa Yuko
Published: February 2025

The paper reports on our experience in adapting emotional experiences of the software engineers in evolutionary design of software systems. The works here reported present development progress report in relation to the state-of-art that need to create the multudisciplinary technologies, needed to establish best harmony engagement between human user the software application, and based on human cognitive analysis. This progress status report outlines the design on what we called as universal template that articulated from the collective experimental data. Several observation participated in the design of what is called universal templates that would be used to interact with human user to articulate on the cognitive model that the user is in, such that to have Kenji System or what is called (certain human mental cloning system) to reason on through mental engagement of the user. In our system we approach the user best engagement from facial and voice analysis. And through it, we can measure (collectivized and quatified), and observe the user behaviour, and accordingly enhance the engagement by generative interactive scenario. The approach has been experimented using famous literature person (Kenji Miyazawa).
Complexity of Reasoning With Expressive Ontology Mappings
Authors: Ghidini Chiara  , Serafini Luciano  , Tessaris Sergio
Published: February 2025

State of the art formalisms for distributed ontology integration provide ways to express semantic relations between homogeneous components of different ontologies; namely, they allow to map concepts into concepts, individuals into individuals, and properties into properties. However, the extensive usage of multiple distributed ontologies requires the capability for expressing different forms of mappings, which extend the semantic relations among homogeneous components studied so far. In recent papers extensions of the Distributed Description Logic (DDL) have been proposed to represent mappings between heterogeneous elements; i.e. mappings connecting concepts and relations. In this paper we investigate the computational properties of reasoning with mappings between homogeneous as well as heterogeneous elements in distributed ontologies, and an effective decision procedure for reasoning with multiple ontologies bridged with both forms of mappings.
Counterparts in Language and Space
Authors: Hois Joana  , Kutz Oliver
Published: February 2025

We aim to combine the semantics of spatial natural language specified as a linguistically motivated ontology, the Generalized Upper Model, with spatial logics or ontologies that specify space according to certain conceptualisations, based on regions, shapes, orientations, distances, or object properties.
An Ontology for Grounding Vague Geographic Terms
Authors: Bennett Brandon  , Mallenby David  , Third Allan
Published: February 2025

Many geographic terms, such as “river” and “lake”, are vague, with no clear boundaries of application. In particular, the spatial extent of such features is often vaguely carved out of a continuously varying observable domain. We present a means of defining vague terms using standpoint semantics, a refinement of the philosophical idea of supervaluation semantics. Such definitions can be grounded in actual data by geometric analysis and segmentation of the data set. The issues raised by this process with regard to the nature of boundaries and domains of logical quantification are discussed. We describe a prototype implementation of a system capable of segmenting attributed polygon data into geographically significant regions and evaluating queries involving vague geographic feature terms.
On the Dimensions of Data Complexity through Synthetic Data Sets
Authors: Macià Núria  , Bernadó-Mansilla Ester  , Orriols-Puig Albert
Published: February 2025

This paper deals with the characterization of data complexity and the relationship with the classification accuracy. We study three dimensions of data complexity: the length of the class boundary, the number of features, and the number of instances of the data set. We find that the length of the class boundary is the most relevant dimension of complexity, since it can be used as an estimate of the maximum achievable accuracy rate of a classifier. The number of attributes and the number of instances do not affect classifier accuracy by themselves, if the boundary length is kept constant. The study emphasizes the use of measures revealing the intrinsic structure of data and recommends their use to extract conclusions on classifier behavior and their relative performance in multiple comparison experiments.
Paraconsistent Logic Applied in Expert System for Support in Electric Transmission System Re-establishment
Authors: da Silva Filho João Inácio  , Rocco Alexandre  , Mário Maurício C.  , Ferrara Luís Fernando P.
Published: February 2025

In this work we presented an Expert System built with Paraconsistent Logic applied in a transmission electrical power system operation support in real time. The computational program forms a Paraconsistent Expert System PES capable to offer a risk analyses, diagnosis and the optimal restorative strategy proposition to the electrical power transmission system after an outage. The logic used for the PES to make decisions is the Annotated Paraconsistent Logic (APL) that belongs to a class of the Non-classic Logical denominated of Paraconsistent Logic-PL. This Paraconsistent Expert System PES uses a type of the Annotated Paraconsistent logic denominated Annotated Paraconsistent logic with annotation of two values APL2v to produce diagnosis suggesting the restorative strategy based in the analysis of occurrence information (electric Switches, Circuit breakers, protections, etc…). The use of APL brings certain advantages in comparison with the classic logic because allow to manipulate contradictory signals, and like this presenting a faster and reliable action for make decision in case of the reception of vague, ambiguous and inconsistent information. The results demonstrate that the Paraconsistent Logic, with their algorithms extracted of APL2v methodology, also opens a wide field for researches and developments and can be used with promising results for implementations of applied Expert Systems in Electric Power Systems re-establishment at different topologies.
A New XML Schema Matching Approach Using Prüfer Sequences
Authors: Algergawy Alsayed  , Schallehn Eike  , Saake Gunter
Published: February 2025

Motivated by the fact that the most prominent feature in an XML schema is its hierarchical structure, we propose a new structure matching approach for XML schema matching. Our approach is based on the node context, which is reflected by its ancestor and its descendants including both the immediate children and the leaves of subtrees rooted at the element. To this end and to quickly extract context information of the element, we present XML schemas as sequences of labels and numbers by Prüfer's method that constructs a one-to-one correspondence between schema trees and sequences. We benefit from label sequences to determine terminological semantic similarities between two schema concepts. We then develop a novel structural algorithm which is based on number sequences and is used to prune many false positive candidates. Finally, we combine two similarity measures to obtain the total similarity between schema' elements. Our experimental results demonstrate the performance benefits of our proposed approach.
Introducing pattern-based design for legal ontologies
Authors: Gangemi Aldo
Published: February 2025

Ontology design is known to be a difficult task, requiring much more than expertise in an area or competence in logic; legal ontology design, due to the complexity of its domain, makes those difficulties worse. This may be partly due to poor support for requirement analysis in existing tools, but there is also an inherent gap between the purely logical constructs and methods that are expected to be used, and the actual competences and thought habits of legal domain experts. This paper presents some solutions, based on ontology design patterns, which are intended to make life of legal ontology designers easier. An overview of the typical tasks and services for legal knowledge is presented, the notion of ontology design pattern is introduced, and some excerpts of a reference ontology (CLO) and its related patterns are included, showing their utility in a simple legal modeling case.
Attribute-Based Encryption
Authors: Sahai Amit  , Waters Brent  , Lu Steve
Published: February 2025

As more sensitive data is shared and stored by third-party sites on the Internet, there will be a need to encrypt data stored at these sites. One drawback of encrypting data is that it can be selectively shared only at a coarse-grained level (i.e., giving another party your private key). We describe a new concept for fine-grained sharing of encrypted data that we call Attribute-Based Encryption (ABE). In ABE, ciphertexts are labeled with sets of attributes and private keys are associated with access structures that control which ciphertexts a user is able to decrypt. We demonstrate the applicability of ABE to sharing of audit-log information and broadcast encryption. We describe a construction that supports delegation of private keys, which subsumes Hierarchical Identity-Based Encryption (HIBE).
Implementation Attacks & Countermeasures
Authors: Whelan Claire  , Page Dan  , Vercauteren Frederik  , Scott Michael  , Marnane William
Published: February 2025

In this chapter the effect of implementation attacks on the security of pairings is examined. This is a particularly pertinent issue given the increasing efficiency of pairing algorithms, which have recently proved viable for implementation on resource constrained devices where such attacks pose a serious threat. Specifically, we discuss power analysis and fault attacks on a range of pairing algorithms. Countermeasures and their impact on performance are also described.
More on Presumptions and Burdens of Proof
Authors: Prakken Henry  , Sartor Giovanni
Published: February 2025

This paper extends our previous logical analysis of presumptions and burden of proof by studying the force of a presumption once counterevidence has been offered. In the jurisprudential literature different accounts of this issue have been given: some have argued that a presumption is nullified by counterarguments while others have maintained that this gives presumptions a force that is too slight. We argue that these differences largely are not a matter of logic but of legal policy, and we show how the various accounts can be logically formalised.
Thesauri Alignment for EU eGovernment Services: a Methodological Framework
Authors: Francesconi E.  , Faro S.  , Marinai E.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a methodological framework for semantic mapping between thesauri as well as a specific approach within such framework on a case study aimed at mapping five thesauri of interest for European Union institutions having only schema information available.
EXPERTIUS: A Mexican Judicial Decision-Support System in the Field of Family Law
Authors: Cáceres Enrique
Published: February 2025

EXPERTIUS is the first Mexican AI and Law application. The system advices upon the determination of whether someone is entitled or not to a financial pension (under the so called “feeding obligation”), and upon the determination of the amount of that pension. EXPERTIUS is based on a multi-layered knowledge representation. At the first layer lies the so called heuristic or compiled knowledge needed to solve cognitive tasks. A set of cognitive tasks is associated to a set of decisions internal to particular procedural phases. A dialogical-confrontation structure supervenes on the decisions taken in the intermediate level.
Conceptual Modeling of IS-A Hierarchies for XML
Authors: Necasky Martin  , Pokorny Jaroslav
Published: February 2025

In this paper we briefly describe a new conceptual model for XML called XSEM. It is a combination of several approaches in the area. It divides the conceptual modeling process to conceptual and structural level. At the conceptual level, we design an overall conceptual schema of a domain independently on the required hierarchical representations of the data in XML documents. At the structural level, we design required hierarchical representations of the modeled data in different types of XML documents. In this paper, we further extend XSEM for modeling IS-A hierarchies. We also show how conceptual XSEM schemes can be represented at the logical level in XML schemes specified in the XML Schema language.
A Simple Formalism for Capturing Reduplication in Finite-State Morphology
Authors: Hulden Mans  , Bischoff Shannon T.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a simple formalism for capturing reduplication phenomena in the morphology and phonology of natural languages. After a brief survey of the facts common in reduplicative elements cross-linguistically, these facts are described in terms of finite-state systems. The principal idea is that an operator can be derived to ensure equivalence of finite discontinuous strings at some level of representation.
Sources of asymmetric randomness
Authors: Apolloni Bruno  , Bassis Simone
Published: February 2025

In view of discussing the genuine roots of the connectionist paradigm we toss in this paper the non symmetry features of the involved random phenomena. Reading these features in terms of intentionality with which we drive a learning process far from a simple random walk, we focus on elementary processes where trajectories cannot be decomposed as the sum of a deterministic recursive function plus a symmetric noise. Rather we look at nonlinear compositions of the above ingredients, as a source of genuine non symmetric atomic random actions, like those at the basis of a training process. To this aim we introduce an extended Pareto distribution law with which we analyze some intentional trajectories. With this model we issue some preliminary considerations on elapsed times of training sessions of some families of neural networks.
A contribution of informatics to clinical oncology: innovative approaches to FISH image evaluation
Authors: Aretini Paolo  , Bevilacqua Generoso
Published: February 2025

FISH is a direct and relatively rapid and sensitive in situ technique. No cell culture is needed in order to apply this method and results are easier to interpret than kariotype.
From Research to Business
Authors: Majidi Darya
Published: February 2025

I was attending the Computer Science Department at the University of Pisa, when I met a person who was going to have a great importance in my life: Prof. Tonina Starita. I attended two of her courses at I decided that I wanted to do research in the artificial intelligence field with her. I took my degree with a thesis on an expert system for the neurological domain, and after I spent almost other four years in research in the neural networks, hybrid systems and data mining with her. She wanted me to take also my PhD, but we both understood I had entrepreneurship ambitions. We worked on a great number European Commission funded projects (among them CAMARC, WOMAN) involving different technologies (image processing, gait analysis, web ehealth services). When I announced her I was going to create a company of my own she supported and encouraged me. I am now an entrepreneur with two companies of my own. One, named Synspsis, is in the health information systems sector and the other, named DAXO, in pervasive and mobile computing, so both have been affected by my years of research with Prof. Starita, who became my friend Tonina during those years. We made research together but we had also fun together. Everybody who knows her, appreciated her wisdom, her creativity, her love for life and her love for the research. This article is for Tonina.
Application of a computer science analysis to a Non Hodgkin Lymphomas patients' dataset
Authors: Pelosini M.  , Baronti F.  , Petrini M.
Published: February 2025

Non Hodgkin Lymphomas (NHL) are a group of neoplastic hematologic diseases which are characterized by chemo resistance, progressions and relapses. It would be very important to treat patients according to their disease characteristics and, when the neoplasm recurred, recognized it as soon as possible through a proper follow up program. In our study we tried to face these two aspects with the help of computer science analysis. First we developed a partitioning recursive algorithm, know as Hypothesis testing Classifier System algorithm (HCS), with the aim to discover features potentially useful to detect patients' subsets with different clinical behavior and prognosis, and therefore use it to shape the treatment. In such a way we analyzed data concerning 651 patients. The algorithm was able to detect two major groups: patients who achieved respectively complete (CR) or partial remission (PR). Even if the quality of response seemed the more important feature, when running again the algorithm others characteristics emerged among high grade NHL diagnosis, especially age and treatment approach (transplant approach and immunotherapy). Then we tried to improve our follow up schedule through a method known as multi-objective analysis. This approach works starting to choose the costs which could reflect the effectiveness of a follow up, then it calculates these values for our current one (on the basis of data available of 418 patients) and finally looks for the possible new follow up with the aim to optimized our schedule. Even if six new possible ones were obtained, the maximum improving for our current follow up was 4%: therefore our current program could be considered properly planned. In conclusion the use of this innovate approach applied to hematologic patients has been successful with the achievement of good and interesting results.
Student Knowledge Diagnosis Using Item Response Theory and Constraint-Based Modeling
Authors: Galvez Jaime  , Guzman Eduardo  , Conejo Ricardo  , Millan Eva
Published: February 2025

One of the most popular student modeling techniques currently available is Constraint Based Modeling (CBM), which is based on Ohlsson's theory of learning from performance errors. It focuses on the domain principles to correct faulty knowledge and assumes that a student will reach a correct solution without violating these fundamental domain concepts. However, even though this is a powerful and computationally simple technique, most student models of CBM-based tutors handle simple long-term models or based on heuristics to quantitatively estimate the knowledge measured. In this paper we propose a student knowledge diagnosis model which combines CBM with the Item Response Theory (IRT). IRT is a probabilistic and data-driven theory which guarantees accurate and invariant student knowledge estimations. By means of this synergy between CBM and IRT we suggest the construction of long-term student models composed of the estimations of their knowledge. This paper also includes an experiment we have carried out with real students, which explores the validity of the diagnoses made with our model.
Revisiting Ill-Definedness and the Consequences for ITSs
Authors: Mitrovic Antonija  , Weerasinghe Amali
Published: February 2025

ITSs for ill-defined domains have attracted a lot of attention recently, which is well-deserved, as such ITSs are hard to develop. The first step towards such ITSs is reaching a wide agreement about the terminology used in the area. In this paper, we discuss the two important dimensions of ill-definedness: the domain and the instructional task. By the domain we assume declarative domain knowledge, or the domain theory, while the instructional task is the task the student is learning, in terms of problem-solving skills. It is possible to have a well-defined domain and still have ill-defined instructional tasks in the same domain. We look deeper at the features of ill-defined tasks, which all contribute to their ill/well defined nature. The paper discusses model-tracing and constraint-based modeling, in terms of their suitability for ill-defined tasks and domains. We show that constraint-based modeling can be used in both well- and illdefined domains, and illustrate our conclusion using several instructional tasks.
MAGADI: a Blended-Learning Framework for Overall Learning
Authors: Alvarez A.  , Ruiz S.  , Martín M.  , Fernández-Castro I.  , Urretavizcaya M.
Published: February 2025

The MAGADI framework results from merging characteristics of three current technologies: adaptive intelligent systems, authoring tools and LMS technologies. Its main aim is to be the technological component of a b-learning environment. As a result it allows for the flow of information and synergies between on-line and off-line environments. This paper describes the general agent-based architecture of MAGADI and some results of the prototype-testing.
Motivational Diagnosis in ITSs: Collaborative, Reflective Self-Report
Authors: Avramides Katerina  , Du Boulay Benedict
Published: February 2025

A central challenge in the design of motivationally intelligent tutoring systems lies in defining and diagnosing a learner's motivational state: in particular, in distinguishing between the learner's motivational and affective states. We discuss existing AIED approaches and outline an alternative approach that incorporates reflective peer collaboration. The paper raises questions about the basis for the design of motivationally intelligent tutoring systems.
The Extensible Problem-Specific Tutor (xPST): Evaluation of an API for Tutoring on Existing Interfaces
Authors: Gilbert Stephen  , Blessing Stephen B.  , Kodavali Sateesh
Published: February 2025

The Extensible Problem-Specific Tutor (xPST) system was created to facilitate the creation of intelligent tutoring systems (ITSs) on existing software and web-based interfaces. This research introduces xPST and describes an exploration of the ease of authoring an xPST tutor for three web-based tasks. Participants demonstrated a quick learning curve and alternated their attentional focus regularly among the three components of the xPST authoring system.
Ontology-strength Industry Standards
Authors: Grenon Pierre  , De Francisco David
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses an ontologisation of a subset of the Telemanagement Forum's New Generation Operational Support Systems standards. The result is a set of ontologies, each corresponding to a particular element in the set of standards, covering complementary aspects of the telecommunication domain. These ontologies are articulated in a modular way according to the standards they target. The ontologies are also mapped, again, in ways adapted from the correspondences put forward within the set of standards itself. We show that ontologisation of informally or semi-formally laid standards can involve non-trivial ontological engineering choices. In addition to sharing lessons learnt, our aim is to support the view that the production of ontologies issued from standards is an endeavour that has the potential of furthering and enhancing standards' development, their dissemination, and operationalisation. Ontologisation of standards, we believe, should be part of the standard development lifecycle.
Developing Consistent and Modular Software Models with Ontologies
Authors: Hoehndorf Robert  , Ngomo Axel-Cyrille Ngonga  , Herre Heinrich
Published: February 2025

The development and verification of software models that are applicable across multiple domains remains a difficult problem. We propose a novel approach to model-driven software development based on ontologies and Semantic Web technology. Our approach uses three ontologies to define software models: a task ontology, a domain ontology and a top-level ontology. The task ontology serves as the conceptual model for the software, the domain ontology provides domain-specific knowledge and the top-level ontology integrates the task and domain ontologies. Our method allows the verification of these models both for consistency and ontological adequacy. This verification can be performed both at development and runtime. Domain ontologies are replaceable modules, which enables the comparison and application of the models built using our method across multiple domains. We demonstrate the viability of our approach through the design and implementation of a semantic wiki and a social tagging system, and compare it with model-driven software development to illustrate its benefits.
Development of an Integrated Health Improvement Support System
Authors: Takahashi Katsuya  , Yamada Keizo  , Sasaki Jun  , Funyu Yutaka
Published: February 2025

Increased health care costs due to the rising incidence of lifestyle diseases have become a problem in Japan. In order to reduce these costs, early treatment and improvements in diet through nutrition assessments by dietitians are important. To this end, cooperation between patients, physicians and dietitians is necessary. However, currently a dietitian must ask a patient about information that may already be described in his or her health record. So efficiency would be increased if the dietitian could refer directly to the patient's health records by way of an electronic system. In this research, we designed, tested, and evaluated an integrated health improvement support system (IHISS) that includes a dietitian consultation support function in coordination with an electronic health record system, as well as an at-home nutrition management support function that can be used by the dietitian to display a patient's recorded meal choices. The results of our evaluation of each function of the IHISS are provided.
Time Ordering Architecture in SCA
Authors: Martínez Enrique  , Díaz Gregorio  , Martínez Carmen Rosa  , Cambronero M. Emilia  , Valero Valentín
Published: February 2025

In this work we extend SCA models with timing restrictions to capture the behavior of systems where time determines the correctness of the implementation. Furthermore, we establish a translation from this extended model in the timed automata formal model. In this case, we have considered the timed automata formalism supported by the UPPAAL tool, due to the model-checking techniques that we can apply by using it. To illustrate the extension of the SCA model and the translation process, we have chosen a roaming service system that shows the utility of our proposal in the mobile commerce area.
Belarus in the Context of European Cyber Security
Authors: Pavlyuchenko Fyodor
Published: February 2025

During the first decade of the 21stcentury, Internet censorship in Belarus has evolved into a government tool used to combat political dissent. State-sponsored denial of service (DoS) attacks against civil society have become a domestic crisis that threatens not only freedom of expression in Belarus, but also the integrity of Internet resources throughout Europe. The ongoing cyber conflict between state and non-state actors in Belarus is analogous to the struggle between the Russian government and its internal adversaries in cyberspace. In this essay, we recount the history of cyber censorship and attacks against Charter '97, a popular Belarusian website, and discuss the effectiveness of countermeasures.
A Brief Examination of Media Coverage of Cyberattacks (2007 – Present)
Authors: Farivar Cyrus
Published: February 2025

As cyberattacks become more frequent, they draw new attention in the media. Indeed, there has been a significant spike in journalistic coverage of cyberattacks and cybersecurity in the last year alone, making this particularly relevant now. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of coverage and make suggestions for future journalists and policymakers to work better together to better understand this new threat.
Proactive Botnet Countermeasures – An Offensive Approach
Authors: Leder Felix  , Werner Tillmann  , Martini Peter
Published: February 2025

Botnets, consisting of thousands of interconnected, remote-controlled computers, pose a big threat against the Internet. We have witnessed the involvement of such malicious infrastructures in politically motivated attacks more than once in recent years. Classical countermeasures are mostly reactive and conducted as part of incident response actions. This is often not sufficient. We argue that proactive measures are necessary to mitigate the botnet threat and demonstrate techniques based on a formalized view of botnet infrastructures. However, while being technically feasible, such actions raise legal and ethical questions.
When Not to Pull the Plug – The Need for Network Counter-Surveillance Operations
Authors: Knight Scott  , Leblanc Sylvain
Published: February 2025

The classic response to attack in computer networks has been to disconnect the effected system from the network, preserve the information on the system (including evidence of the attack for a forensic investigation), and restore the system. However, it can be argued that this type of response is not appropriate in many situations. This paper argues that understanding the adversary is essential to effective defence. Instead it may be appropriate to respond with a Network Counter-Surveillance Operation to observe the activity of the attacker. The aim of this research is to enable this new kind of operation through the identification and development of the new tools and techniques required to carry it out. This paper is an omnibus presentation of a group of research projects associated with satisfying this aim, namely tools to help observe the attacker's actions on the compromised system, tools to provide a realistic environment on the compromised system, and tools to mitigate the risks associated with the attacker's use of the compromised system. The argument for the tools and techniques described is presented in the context of an illustrative Network Counter-Surveillance Operation.
Beyond Mobility : What Next After CSP/π?
Authors: Goldsmith Michael
Published: February 2025

Process algebras like CSP and CCS inspired the original occam model of communication and process encapsulation. Later the π-calculus and various treatments handling mobility in CSP added support for mobility, as realised in practical programming systems such as occam-π, JCSP, CHP and Sufrin's CSO, which allow a rather abstract notion of motion of processes and channel ends between parents or owners. Milner's Space and Motion of Communicating Agents on the other hand describes the bigraph framework, which makes location more of a first-class citizen of the calculus and evolves through reaction rules which rewrite both place and link graphs of matching sections of a system state, allowing more dramatic dynamic reconfigurations of a system than simple process spawning or migration. I consider the tractability of the notation, and to what extent the additional flexibility reflects or elicits desirable programming paradigms.
Mobile Escape Analysis for occam-pi
Authors: Barnes Frederick R.M.
Published: February 2025

Escape analysis is the process of discovering boundaries of dynamically allocated objects in programming languages. For object-oriented languages such as C++ and Java, this analysis leads to an understanding of which program objects interact directly, as well as what objects hold references to other objects. Such information can be used to help verify the correctness of an implementation with respect to its design, or provide information to a run-time system about which objects can be allocated on the stack (because they do not “escape” the method in which they are declared). For existing object-oriented languages, this analysis is typically made difficult by aliasing endemic to the language, and is further complicated by inheritance and polymorphism. In contrast, the occam-π programming language is a process-oriented language, with systems built from layered networks of communicating concurrent processes. The language has a strong relationship with the CSP process algebra, that can be used to reason formally about the correctness of occam-π programs. This paper presents early work on a compositional escape analysis technique for mobiles in the occam-π programming language, in a style not dissimilar to existing CSP analyses. The primary aim is to discover the boundaries of mobiles within the communication graph, and to determine whether or not they escape any particular process or network of processes. The technique is demonstrated by analysing some typical occam-π processes and networks, giving a formal understanding of their mobile escape behaviour.
Economics of Cloud Computing: a Statistical Genetics Case Study
Authors: Martin Jeremy M.R.  , Barrett Steven J.  , Thornber Simon J.  , Bacanu Silviu-Alin  , Dunlap Dale  , Weston Steve
Published: February 2025

We describe an experiment which aims to reduce significantly the costs of running a particular large-scale grid-enabled application using commercial cloud computing resources. We incorporate three tactics into our experiment: improving the serial performance of each work unit, seeking the most cost-effective computation cycles, and making use of an optimized resource manager and scheduler. The application selected for this work is a genetics association analysis and is representative of a common class of embarrassingly parallel problems.
Hydra: A Python Framework for Parallel Computing
Authors: Tristram Waide B.  , Bradshaw Karen L.
Published: February 2025

This paper investigates the feasibility of developing a CSP to Python translator using a concurrent framework for Python. The objective of this translation framework, developed under the name of Hydra, is to produce a tool that helps programmers implement concurrent software easily using CSP algorithms. This objective was achieved using the ANTLR compiler generator tool, Python Remote Objects and PyCSP. The resulting Hydra prototype takes an algorithm defined in CSP, parses and converts it to Python and then executes the program using multiple instances of the Python interpreter. Testing has revealed that the Hydra prototype appears to function correctly, allowing simultaneous process execution. Therefore, it can be concluded that converting CSP to Python using a concurrent framework such as Hydra is both possible and adds flexibility to CSP with embedded Python statements.
JCSP Agents-Based Service Discovery for Pervasive Computing
Authors: Kosek Anna  , Kerridge Jon  , Syed Aly  , Armitage Alistair
Published: February 2025

Device and service discovery is a very important topic when considering pervasive environments. The discovery mechanism is required to work in networks with dynamic topology and on limited software, and be able to accept different device descriptions. This paper presents a service and device discovery mechanism using JCSP agents and the JCSP network package jcsp.net2.
The SCOOP Concurrency Model in Java-like Languages
Authors: Torshizi Faraz  , Ostroff Jonathan S.  , Paige Richard F.  , Chechik Marsha
Published: February 2025

SCOOP is a minimal extension to the sequential object-oriented programming model for concurrency. The extension consists of one keyword (separate) that avoids explicit thread declarations, synchronized blocks, explicit waits, and eliminates data races and atomicity violations by construction, through a set of compiler rules. SCOOP was originally described for the Eiffel programming language. This paper makes two contributions. Firstly, it presents a design pattern for SCOOP, which makes it feasible to transfer SCOOP's concepts to different object-oriented programming languages. Secondly, it demonstrates the generality of the SCOOP model by presenting an implementation of the SCOOP design pattern for Java. Additionally, we describe tools that support the SCOOP design pattern, and give a concrete example of its use in Java.
Automated Handling of Amending Documents and Resulting Consolidations
Authors: de Maat Emile  , van de Ven Saskia  , Winkels Radboud  , van Engers Tom
Published: February 2025

This paper describes extensions to our native XML legislative editor MetaVex, dealing with specific requests of legislative drafters: The automatic generation of amending documents based on the editing of an existing law or proposal, and the automatic consolidation of (proposed) legislation based on the original and its amending documents. Moreover, we try to automatically detect (potential) clashes of amendments and amendments of amendments.
An Approach to Legal Rules Modelling and Automatic Learning
Authors: Francesconi Enrico
Published: February 2025

In this paper an approach to legal rules modelling based on a semantic model for legislation and oriented to knowledge reusability and sharing is presented. An automatic methodology able to support rules learning is proposed as well: it is based on techniques of knowledge extraction from legislative texts. This combined approach is aimed at giving a contribution to bridge the gap between consensus and authoritativeness in legal knowledge representation.
Accumulated Oxygen Deficit Issues
Authors: Medbø Jon Ingulf
Published: February 2025

Working muscles break down ATP. During low-intensity exercise ATP is regenerated by aerobic processes and may thus be quantified by the O2uptake, that is, as an amount of oxygen. At higher intensities where some of the ATP used is regenerated by anaerobic processes, there is a mismatch between the rate of energy release (here called O2demand) and the measured O2uptake. This gap is called O2deficit and is used as a measure of the rate of anaerobic ATP-turnover. The O2deficit is integrated over the whole exercise period, giving the accumulated O2deficit that is used as a measure of the amount of anaerobic energy release during the exercise. This approach can be used for different exercise intensities and durations to find a maximal accumulated O2deficit.
A Non Invasive Investigation of Training-Induced Metabolic Changes
Authors: Layec Gwenael  , Cozzone Patrick J.  , Bendahan David
Published: February 2025

Since the first experiment on isolated muscle in 1974, phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) has become widely accepted as the “gold standard” method for non-invasive measurements of energy metabolism in exercising muscle. The scope of the present review is related to the metabolic changes occurring in human exercising muscle and to the metabolic effects of training as recorded using31P MRS.31P-MRS investigation of exercising muscle requires by definition the utilisation of dedicated ergometers allowing on the one hand to perform an exercise inside a superconducting magnet and on the other hand accurate measurement of power output.
Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Connes Philippe  , Machado Roberto  , Hue Olivier  , Reid Harvey
Published: February 2025

Sickle cell anemia (SCA or SS homozygous sickle cell disease) is an inherited blood disorder caused by single nucleotide substitution in the β-globin gene that renders their hemoglobin (HbS) much less soluble than normal hemoglobin (HbA) when deoxygenated. The polymerization of HbS upon deoxygenation is the basic pathophysiologic event leading to RBC sickling, hemolysis, vasoocclusion and ultimately to chronic organ damage.
Global Economic Crisis and e-Government Program from the Indian Perspective
Authors: Mukherjee Ashish Kumar
Published: February 2025

This paper describes the Indian National e-Governance Plan. With an e-governance structure consisting of three pillars at the federal, state and local levels of government, India is aiming to use IT to promote efficiency and trust in public institutions with the ultimate goal of supporting its development.
e-Voting in the Philippines
Authors: Amores Frederick Dela Casa
Published: February 2025

This paper examines the perceptions surrounding e-voting in the Philippines. After describing the current electoral system in the country, it provides the results of a survey carried out by the author, on the electorate's favorable perception towards e-voting. On the basis of these results the paper concludes that e-voting will promote e-democracy in the Philippines.
e-Government and Public Sector Reform: What Role for Government in e-Government?
Authors: Finger Matthias
Published: February 2025

In this paper the author discusses the role of governments in the implementation of e-government. After setting e-government as part of public administration reform, the author presents a three layer scheme for e-government and what might be the role of government (and the private sector) in each of these layers.
Towards a formal ontology for history of church administration
Authors: Garbacz Pawel  , Trypuz Robert  , Szady Bogumil  , Kulicki Piotr  , Gradzki Przemyslaw  , Lechniak Marek
Published: February 2025

The paper presents preliminary results in the area of ontological engineering for historical research. Historical information systems are still in the initial stage of development. Our experience hitherto shows that the decisive stage in the development of such systems is a conceptual model and ontological engineering seems to be the right tool to build it. Our particular aim is to develop a database system for the history of the administrative structure of the Catholic Church in Central-Eastern Europe in the so-called pre-statical period, i.e. roughly from XII to XIX century. We use DOLCE as a foundational ontology, especially its part concerning social objects. We build an axiomatic system that formally defines the basic notions of those structures and may be interpreted as the conceptual scheme of this database.
Ontological diversity: the case from space
Authors: Bateman John A.
Published: February 2025

The situated interpretation of natural language concerning space, spatial relationships and spatial activities is a complex problem spanning contributions from several disciplines. Space plays a central role in many theories of cognition and the spatial language observed in actual contexts of use is extremely flexible. In our work on spatial representations of all kinds, principles drawn from ontological engineering play a central role. Moreover, we have been led to augment those principles in particular ways: most specifically with respect to ontological modularity, ontological heterogeneity, and multiple ontological levels or strata. In the presentation accompanying this position statement, I give an overview of our work on space and the ontologically-relevant conclusions that we have drawn. I also suggest that these conclusions are relevant for ontological work in general, and not just for that concerned with spatial issues.
Founding properties on measurement
Authors: Masolo Claudio
Published: February 2025

Taking for granted an ontological standpoint independent of any empirical or epistemological perspective, philosophical theories of properties are actually quite rarely adopted in the knowledge representation community. The theory of qualities introduced in the DOLCE-CORE ontology [4] allows for representing different viewpoints on the world in a unified framework but it does not refer to any process used in empirical or epistemic investigations. In this paper, I will found the theory of qualities on the measurement theory proposed in [8]. In this new perspective, the stability of properties is not assumed a priori but it is founded on the stability of specific (physical) objects: the measurement systems and standards.
Towards a Functional Approach to Modular Ontologies using Institutions
Authors: Pokrywczyński Daniel  , Malcolm Grant
Published: February 2025

We propose a functional view of ontologies that emphasises their role in determining answers to queries, irrespective of the formalism in which they are written. A notion of framework is introduced that captures the situation of a global language into which both an ontology language and a query language can be translated, in an abstract way. We then generalise existing notions of robustness from the literature, and relate these to interpolation properties that support modularisation of ontologies.
Supporting DSS Acceptability through a User-Centered Design Methodology: Experiences in Emergency Management
Authors: Baroni Pietro  , Fogli Daniela  , Giacomin Massimiliano  , Guida Giovanni  , Parasiliti Provenza Loredana  , Rossi Michele  , Bohanec Marko  , Žnidaršič Martin
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a user-centered design methodology for Decision Support Systems (DSSs), which is specifically built to face the socio-technical gap that often impedes DSS acceptability by end users in real work environments. The methodology has been experimented in two case studies in the field of health-related emergencies, namely earthquake and pandemic flu management. Methodology application and results are described with specific focus on the phases of requirement analysis and system evaluation.
Design Principles for Ontological Support of Bayesian Evidence Management
Authors: Huhns Michael N.  , Valtorta Marco G.  , Wang Jingsong
Published: February 2025

This chapter describes work on an integrated system that can assist analysts in exploring hypotheses using Bayesian analysis of evidence from a variety of sources. The hypothesis exploration is aided by an ontology that represents domain knowledge, events, and causality for Bayesian reasoning, as well as models of information sources for evidential reasoning. We are validating the approach via a tool, Magellan, that uses both Bayesian models and logical models for an analyst's prior knowledge about how evidence can be used to evaluate hypotheses. The ontology makes it possible and practical for complex situations of interest to be modeled and then analyzed formally.
Balancing Optimality and Robustness in Resource Allocation Problems
Authors: Muñoz Víctor  , Busquets Dídac
Published: February 2025

We formally define a flexible robustness mechanism for resource allocation problems encoded as combinatorial auctions based on repairable solutions. Our notion of robustness is focused on resources that become unavailable once an allocation has been found. We extend previous works on encoding auctions to weighted Max-SAT and supermodels for the boolean satisfiability framework (SAT) with a mechanism that adds flexibility to the robust solutions.
Reasoning about Norm Compliance with Rational Agents
Authors: Fagundes Moser Silva  , Billhardt Holger  , Ossowski Sascha
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a model for rational self-interested agents, which takes into account the possibility of violating norms. The transgressions take place when the expected rewards obtained with the defection from the norms surpass the expected rewards obtained by being norm-compliant. To develop such model, we employ Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). Our approach consists of representing the reactions for norm violations within the MDPs in such a way that the agent is able to reason about how those violations affect her expected utilities and future options.
Human Activity Recognition in Intelligent Home Environments: An Evolving Approach
Authors: Iglesias Jose Antonio  , Angelov Plamen  , Ledezma Agapito  , Sanchis Araceli
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we propose an automated approach to track and recognize daily activities. Any activity is represented in this research as a sequence of raw sensors data. These sequences are treated using statistical methods in order to discover activity patterns. However, as the way to perform an activity is usually not fixed but it changes and evolves, we propose an activity recognition method based on Evolving Systems.
Horn Belief Change: A Contraction Core
Authors: Booth Richard  , Meyer Thomas  , Varzinczak Ivan  , Wassermann Renata
Published: February 2025

We show that Booth et al.'s Horn contraction based on infra-remainder sets corresponds exactly to kernel contraction for belief sets. This result is obtained via a detour through Horn contraction for belief bases, which supports the conjecture that Horn belief change is best viewed as a “hybrid” version of belief set change and belief base change. Moreover, the link with base contraction gives us a more elegant representation result for Horn contraction for belief sets in which a version of the Core-retainment postulate features.