bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caesalpinia sappan – Sappanholz, Fahng
Authors: Burri Josef , Uehleke Bernhard
Published: November 2019

Caesalpinia sappan (L.) oder Sappanholz gehört zur Familie der Fabaceae (Hülsenfrüchtler). Der bis zu 8 m hohe Strauch oder Baum mit leuchtend gelben, rispenartigen Blüten liefert ein Holz, das in südostasiatischen Medizinsystemen (Thailand, Philippinen und andere Länder) sowie im Ayurveda für gesundheitsfördernde und therapeutische Zwecke Verwendung findet. Dabei stehen drei Einsatzgebiete im Vordergrund: Das Sappanholz soll als eine Art von Bluttonikum wirken, allerdings weniger im Sinne von Blutbildung (das würde sinnbildlich wegen der rötlichen Farbe naheliegen), sondern gemäß der traditionellen thailändischen Medizin für Menschen mit „heißem Blut“ oder dem Element Feuer. Daraus leitet sich ein zweites Einsatzgebiet ab: Der aus Sappanholz hergestellte „Tee“ löscht den Durst und mindert die „innere Hitze“. Drittens soll das Sappanholz bei einer Störung der Elemente Feuer, Wasser und Wind hilfreich sein, vor allem bei Asthma oder bei erschwertem Atmen (beispielsweise bei hartnäckiger Bronchitis). Dabei könnten auch entzündungshemmende Eigenschaften eine Rolle spielen. Empfohlen wird das Sappanholz, um die Monatsblutung anzuregen (natürlich nicht bei Schwangerschaft); wahrscheinlich hängt diese Verwendung als Emmenagogum mit dem ersten Einsatzgebiet als Bluttonikum zusammen. Vermutet wird ferner eine ausgleichende Wirkung auf den Blutzuckerspiegel.
„Drug Interaction Stewardship“ (DIS) und therapeutisches Drug-Monitoring (TDM) für die antiinfektive Therapie in der operativen Intensivmedizin, eine monozentrische Beobachtungsstudie
Authors: Lodes Uwe , Troeger Uwe , Neuling Florian , Jacob David , Meyer Frank
Published: November 2019

Einleitung Die Medikation des chirurgischen Intensivpatienten ist schwer kalkulierbar durch gestörte Organfunktionen, Organversagen, pathophysiologische Veränderungen bei schwerer Erkrankung und in der Sepsis, laufende Organersatz-, Nierenersatz- und Leberersatzverfahren sowie die unterschiedliche Pharmakokinetik/Pharmakodynamik (PK/PD) von medikamentösen Substanzen und zahlreichen Medikamenteninteraktionen.

Ziel Interdisziplinäres Vorgehen im klinischen Alltag zur Optimierung sowohl der Vielfachmedikation als auch der laufenden medikamentösen Therapie von Patienten vor indizierten Operationen oder Interventionen sowie im Rahmen des peri- und postoperativen intensivmedizinischen Managements.

Methode Etablierung einer „Drug Interaction Stewardship“ (DIS), analog und zeitgleich zur bereits etablierten Antibiotic Stewardship (ABS) in der Routine einer chirurgischen Intensivstation. Erweiterung des etablierten therapeutischen Drug-Monitorings (TDM) auf Standard-Antiinfektiva (Meropenem, Piperacillin-Tazobactam, Ceftazidim, Linezolid, Voriconazol, Fluconazol, Caspofungin), für die bisher kein TDM etabliert ist, an einer konsekutiven Patientenkohorte über einen definierten Zeitraum im Rahmen einer klinisch-systematischen „Single-Center“-Beobachtungsstudie (tertiäres Zentrum).

Ergebnisse Im Zeitraum 01/2012 bis 08/2016 führten 1454 klinisch-pharmakologische Patientenvisiten zu 385 (26,5%) Änderungen einer vorher vom erfahrenen Intensivmediziner eingestellten medikamentösen Therapie, am häufigsten in 156 (10,7%) Fällen infolge einer neu kalkulierten PK/PD. 2333 Proben TDM ergaben in 1130 Fällen (48,4%) einen Talspiegel im gewünschten Bereich. In 427 (18,3%) Fällen war wegen eines zu niedrigen und in 776 (33,3%) Fällen wegen eines zu hohen Substanzspiegels eine Änderung der antiinfektiven Therapie nach Art, Dosis, Dosisintervall oder Applikationsart erforderlich.

Schlussfolgerung DIS und TDM führen bei chirurgischen Intensivpatienten in einer hohen Rate zur Detektion von unerwünschten Medikamenteninteraktionen sowie inadäquaten Substanzspiegeln mit dem Ansatz für gezielte Therapieänderungen.
Tränenwegsspülung – Schritt für Schritt
Authors: Leberkühne Lisanne
Published: November 2019

Das Leitsymptom Epiphora kann neben einer Hypersekretion oder funktionellen Tränenabflussbehinderung auch durch eine anatomische Tränenwegsobstruktion bedingt sein. Hierbei kann eine relative Obstruktion (Stenose) oder absolute Obstruktion (Verschluss) vorliegen. Eine einfache und schnelle Methode zur Diagnostik und Lokalisation oder zum Ausschluss einer Obstruktion ist die Tränenwegsspülung.
Unicondylar Tibiofemoral Arthroplasty – Opinions of the Members of the German Knee Society (DKG) and the German Professional Association of Orthopaedic and Trauma Specialists (BVOU)
Authors: Becher Christoph , Beckmann Johannes , von Eisenhart-Rothe Rüdiger , Hirschmann Michael , Holz Johannes , Franz Alois , Gwinner Clemens , Hube Robert , Matziolis Georg
Published: November 2019

Background The number of implanted unicondylar tibiofemoral knee arthroplasties (UKA) is despite the potential advantages in comparison to total knee arthroplasties (TKA) in Germany relatively low. Goal of this survey, initiated by the Small Implants Group of the German Knee Society, was to gather opinions and put them into context of the current literature.

Methods Based on the Delphi method and the AWMF rules and standards, 19 statements were developed, which were presented to the members of the DKG and BVOU in an anonymous online survey using “SurveyMonkey”. Overall, 410 colleagues participated.

Results The biggest detected controversies were the determination of indications with respect to the body mass index and the existence of a patellofemoral arthrosis. A general consent was determined that a contralateral tibiofemoral arthrosis grade III – IV and meniscal deficiency in the contralateral compartment are an absolute contraindication. There was a consent that age is not a limitation for the implantation of an UKA. If a personal minimum volume of 15 implantations/year should be implemented was seen controversial.

Conclusion The personal opinion, eventually built by personal experiences, appears to be in conflict with the knowledge of scientific literature in many instances. Intensive training and education appears necessary.
A novel cryoballoon ablation system for eradication of dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus: a first-in-human feasibility study
Authors: van Munster Sanne Noortje , Overwater Anouk , Raicu Mihaela G. M. , Seldenrijk Kees C. A. , Nagengast Wouter B. , Schoon Erik J. , Bergman Jacques J. G. H. M. , Weusten Bas L. A. M.
Published: November 2019

Background Endoscopic cryoablation for Barrett’s esophagus (BE) might offer advantages over heat-based ablation. Focal cryoballoon ablation has been promising for short-segment BE, whereas the novel 90°-swipe cryoballoon ablation system (CbSAS90) ablates larger areas in a single step (90° over 3 cm). The system allows for dose adjustment. CbSAS90 has been feasible and safe in animal and pre-esophagectomy studies. This is the first clinical study to assess feasibility, safety, and efficacy of CbSAS90 for eradication of dysplastic BE.

Methods In this prospective study in dysplastic BE patients, dose finding started with semi-circumferential treatment at 0.8 mm/s (dose 1). The dose was escalated by reducing speed by 0.1 mm/s in six patients until BE surface regression was ≥ 80 % without complications (“effective dose”). The effective dose was subsequently confirmed with circumferential treatment in 12 new patients. Post-procedural pain (0 – 10) and dysphagia (0 – 4) were evaluated. Outcomes were feasibility, safety, and BE surface regression.

Results 25 patients were included, with technically successful treatment in 92 % (95 %CI 73 % – 99 %). Median (95 %CI) BE surface regression was 78 % (50 % – 85 %) for dose 1 and 85 % (55 % – 95 %) for dose 2 (0.7 mm/s), which was defined as the effective dose. Circumferential treatment resulted in 93 % (88 % – 96 %) regression. Two of 12 patients with circumferential treatment developed strictures that required dilation. Median pain and dysphagia scores were low (0 – 3 and 0, respectively).

Conclusions CbSAS90 was feasible and effective for ablating larger BE areas. The optimal dose for circumferential treatment that balances safety and efficacy requires further evaluation.
Kava and its Kavalactones Inhibit Norepinephrine-induced Intracellular Calcium Influx in Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Botello Jordy F. , Corral Pedro , Bian Tengfei , Xing Chengguo
Published: November 2019

Kava, the extract of the roots of Piper methysticum, has been traditionally consumed in the South Pacific islands for its natural relaxing property. Epidemiological data suggests that kava consumption may reduce human cancer risk, and in vitro and in vivo models suggest chemopreventive potential against carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis. Therefore, knowledge about its molecular mechanisms and responsible ingredient(s) for these beneficial properties will better guide kavaʼs use for the management of these disorders. Psychological stress typically results in increased production of stress hormones, such as norepinephrine (NE), which activate adrenergic receptors (ARs). Psychological stress has also been associated with increased cancer incidence and poor clinical outcomes in cancer patients. Mechanistically, binding of NE to ARs induces intracellular calcium influx, which activates downstream signaling pathways involved in both stress and cancer development. In this study, we characterized the effect of kava and its components, 3 fractions and 6 major kavalactones, on NE-induced intracellular calcium influx in H1299, a human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line. Results show that kava extract effectively inhibits NE-mediated intracellular calcium influx in H1299 cells, potentially through antagonizing β-AR signaling. This inhibitory activity is recapitulated by the major kavalactones in kava. Among the 6 major kavalactones, DHK demonstrated the best potency. Taken together, our study suggests a novel mechanism through which kava and its ingredients potentially offer the anxiolytic and cancer-preventive activity.
Development of Haemophilia Treatment in the Eastern Part of Germany over the Last Decade in the Kompetenznetz Hämorrhagische Diathese Ost (KHDO)
Authors: Mahn Rebecca , Schilling Kristina , Klamroth Robert , Kentouche Karim , Aumann Volker , Fischer Lars , Holzhauer Susanne , Sirb Harry , Scholz Ute , Trautmann Karolin , Halm-Heinrich Ines , Krammer-Steiner Beate , Koscielny Jürgen , Kreibich Ute , Pietrzak-Büttner Antje , Tregel Matthias , Knöfler Ralf , Pfrepper Christian ,   and the Kompetenznetzwerk Hämorrhagische Diathese Ost
Published: November 2019

Introduction In 2005 the Kompetenznetz Hämorrhagische Diathese Ost published epidemiologic data about patients with haemophilia A (HA) and haemophilia B (HB) in the eastern part of Germany. This study provides data about the development of treatment in these patients over the past 10 years.

Methods Data from 12 haemophilia centres in eastern Germany were retrospectively collected for the year 2015 from patients' records.

Results We evaluated 413 patients (115 children, 298 adults) with HA or HB. A total of 286 patients (69.2%) had severe haemophilia (patients with severe haemophilia, PWSH). Compared with 2005, the proportion PWSH on prophylaxis increased from 90% to 98.8% in children and from 64% to 80.2% in adults. The use of plasma-derived factor concentrates decreased from >70% to 55.3% in children and to 55.1% in adults. Mean annual factor consumption in PWSH without inhibitor was higher in 2015 compared with 2005 (children with HA: 151,489 vs. 98,894; adults with HA: 217,151 vs. 151,394; children with HB: 105,200 vs. 64,256; adults with HB: 159,185 vs. 85,295). Median annualized bleeding (annualized bleeding rate, ABR) and joint bleeding rates (annualized joint bleeding rate, AJBR) in 2015 were 2 and 0 in children and 3 and 0 in adults, respectively. In 2015 only one child (1.2%) but 101 (53.2%) adults with severe haemophilia were anti-hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) positive. The rate of anti-HCV positive patients with active hepatitis C dropped from 63.8% to 12.9%.

Conclusions Within the last decade more patients with severe haemophilia were switched to a prophylactic regimen going along with a moderate increase in factor consumption achieving a low ABR and AJBR.
Early Liver Transplantation in Acute Alcoholic Hepatitis
Authors: Haugen Christine E. , Cameron Andrew M.
Published: November 2019

Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is currently the leading indication for liver transplantation in the United States. Among patients with ALD, those with acute alcoholic hepatitis who do not respond to medical treatment have a 6-month mortality of 70% without transplantation. Despite the high mortality, the majority of patients will not be eligible for transplant, given that most centers follow the 6-month abstinence rule. A handful of centers in Europe and the United States perform early liver transplantation (< 6 months abstinence) in these patients, as it provides a substantial survival benefit. Short-term outcomes for these recipients are favorable, and relapse rates parallel those seen in alcoholic cirrhosis transplant recipients who have completed the 6-month wait period. Moving forward, studies examining long-term outcomes and candidate selection are necessary for this growing subset of liver transplant candidates.
Long-Term Outcomes of Pituitary Gland Preservation in Pituitary Macroadenoma Apoplexy: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Souter John Robert , Jusue-Torres Ignacio , Grahnke Kurt , Borys Ewa , Patel Chirag , Germanwala Anand V.
Published: November 2019

Introduction For patients presenting with neurological changes from pituitary tumor apoplexy, urgent surgical intervention is commonly performed for diagnosis, tumor resection, and optic apparatus decompression. Although identification and preservation of the pituitary gland during the time of surgery can be challenging, it may lead to improve endocrine outcomes.

Methods A retrospective case series of all patients with macroadenomas presenting with apoplexy at Loyola University Medical Center from 2016 to 2018 was studied. Demographic, radiographic, and intraoperative characteristics were collected including age, gender, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, preoperative size of pituitary adenoma, Knosp's grade, Hardy's grade, identification and/or preservation of the gland, pre- and postoperative hormonal levels, intraoperative and/or postoperative complications, and follow-up time.

Results A total of 68 patients underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery for resection of a macroadenoma. Among them, seven (10.2%) presented with apoplexy; five patients were male and two were female and presenting symptoms and signs included headache (100%), endocrinopathies (57%), visual acuity deficit (71%), visual field deficit (71%), and oculomotor palsy (57%). A gross-total resection rate was achieved in 86% of patients. Among them, 71% of patients obtained complete symptomatic neurological improvement. A statistically significant difference between gender and endocrine function was found, as no females and all males required some form of postoperative hormonal supplementation (p = 0.047).

Conclusion Endoscopic endonasal resection of macroadenomas with sparing of the pituitary gland in the setting of apoplexy is safe and effective. Preservation of the normal gland led to no posterior pituitary dysfunction, and a statistically significant difference between gender and postoperative endocrinopathy was identified. Further studies with larger samples sizes are warranted.
Nachgefragt Bei Professor Nikolaus Marx: Entwicklung der kardiologischen Forschung und Versorgung
Authors: Brandstädter Mathias
Published: November 2019

Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen gehören nach wie vor zu den häufigsten Todesursachen. Im Interview geht Professor Nikolaus Marx von der Uniklinik RWTH Aachen unter anderem darauf ein, wie technologischer Fortschritt und aktuelle Veränderungsprozesse die Arbeit der Mediziner in den nächsten Jahren verändern werden.
Moderne Bildgebung: Dank winziger Bläschen den Krebs im Blick
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: November 2019

Die Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) und die Uniklinik der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule (RWTH) haben eine neue Art der Auswertung entwickelt, um mit herkömmlichen Ultraschallsystemen Bilder der Blutgefäße in Tumoren zu erzeugen. Damit lassen sich verschiedene Tumorarten besser unterscheiden und man kann früh feststellen, wie gut die Chemotherapie anschlägt.
CT-Bildgebung: Optimal platziert
Authors: Kucera Martin
Published: November 2019

Als eines der ersten Zentren weltweit nutzt das Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt eine 3D-Kamera an einem Computertomografiegerät. Basierend auf Methoden der künstlichen Intelligenz kann sie die individuelle Anatomie der Patienten erfassen und die für die Bildakquisition optimale Patientenposition während der Untersuchung einstellen.
Heyo Kroemer: Zwischen zwei Welten
Authors: Ehrhardt-Joswig Jana
Published: November 2019

Seit dem 1. September ist Professor Heyo Kroemer Vorstandsvorsitzender der Charité. Er folgt auf Karl Max Einhäupl, der das Amt elf Jahre innehatte. Mit ihm setzt Berlin auf einen Mann, dessen Gestaltungswille und Durchsetzungskraft schon beinahe legendär sind.
Persönliche Elektronische Patientenakte: Die Digitalisierung der Patient Journey
Authors: Heinze Oliver , Schneider Gerd
Published: November 2019

Die am Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg entwickelte Persönliche Gesundheits- und Patientenakte (PEPA) ermöglicht den einrichtungsübergreifenden, elektronischen Datenaustausch des Universitätsklinikums mit seinen Partner-Krankenhäusern, mit niedergelassenen Ärzten und den Patienten in der Metropol-region Rhein-Neckar.
Hybrid electrostatic ion beam trap (HEIBT): Design and simulation of ion-ion, ion-neutral, and ion-laser interactions
Authors: Shahi Abhishek , Singh Raj , Ossia Yonatan , Zajfman Daniel , Heber Oded , Strasser Daniel
Published: November 2019

Using dichroic electrostatic mirrors, which can reflect a fast ion beam while transmitting a counterion beam, allows extending the field of electrostatic ion trapping. We present the design and simulations of a hybrid electrostatic ion beam trap that allows simultaneous trapping of velocity matched cation and anion beams. The possible merged beam ion-ion, ion-neutral, and ion-laser experiments are discussed.
Parallel large eddy simulations of transitional flow in a compressor cascade with endwalls
Authors: Li Zhen , Ju Yaping , Zhang Chuhua
Published: November 2019

Laminar-turbulent transition and corner separation play a critical role in the aerodynamics of the compressor and are quite sensitive to the changes of flow conditions and external disturbances. However, a deep understanding of such fine flow phenomena poses a great challenge for turbulent methods and computer resources. In order to clarify the impacts of incoming flow states on the three-dimensional transitional flow in a compressor cascade, we construct a parallel Large-Eddy-Simulation (LES) methodology and apply it to a full-span compressor cascade. Both the turbulent and laminar incoming endwall boundary layers are considered at a free-stream turbulence level of 4%, which is typical in the multistage axial-flow compressor environment. The parallel performance of the MPI (Message Passing Interface) model and hybrid MPI-OpenMP (Open Multi-Processing) model is particularly analyzed at a parallel scale of 10 000 CPU (Central Processing Unit) cores. The parallel performance test shows that the efficiency of the MPI model is evidently higher than that of the hybrid MPI-OpenMP model. The LES results indicate that the incoming laminar endwall boundary layer results in a more remarkable reduction in the blade loading near the endwall and a larger total pressure loss than the turbulent one. The incoming endwall boundary layer state shows a significant impact on the evolution process of the endwall turbulence and a small impact on the corner separation and the suction-surface transition. This study demonstrates the ability of the parallel LES method to capture complex transitional-flow structures in compressor cascades and its potential application to the deeper understandings of compressor aerodynamics.
Efficient evaluation of AGP reduced density matrices
Authors: Khamoshi Armin , Henderson Thomas M. , Scuseria Gustavo E.
Published: November 2019

We propose and implement an algorithm to calculate the norm and reduced density matrices (RDMs) of the antisymmetrized geminal power of any rank with polynomial cost. Our method scales quadratically per element of the RDMs. Numerical tests indicate that our method is very fast and capable of treating systems with a few thousand orbitals and hundreds of electrons reliably in double-precision. In addition, we present reconstruction formulas that allow one to decompose higher order RDMs in terms of linear combinations of lower order ones and geminal coefficients, thereby reducing the computational cost significantly.
Flexible CoFeB/MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions annealed at high temperature (≥350 °C)
Authors: Ota S. , Ando A. , Sekitani T. , Koyama T. , Chiba D.
Published: November 2019

This study investigates the effect of high-temperature (350–500 °C) annealing on CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) directly formed on a flexible polyimide substrate, which has superior thermal tolerance. As the annealing temperature increases, the tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio enhances and reaches up to ∼200% at an annealing temperature of 450 °C. The annealing temperature dependence is similar to that of MTJs fabricated in the same way on a thermally oxidized silicon substrate. Images taken by a scanning transmission electron microscope confirm the improvement of the crystallization of the CoFeB and MgO layers, which can be an important factor in enhancing the TMR ratio. Furthermore, the endurance of the flexible MTJ against repeated stretching of its substrate is investigated. The TMR ratio shows no change during and after a 1000-cycle application of a tensile strain larger than 1%. The high TMR ratio and strain endurance demonstrated in this study suggest that the flexible MTJ structure is a promising candidate for a future strain-sensing device.
Methods for selective benzylic C–H oxofunctionalization of organic compounds
Authors: Lubov Dmitry P. , Talsi Evgenii P. , Bryliakov Konstantin P.
Published: November 2019

The development of methods for the selective oxidation of C–H groups of organic compounds resulting in C–O bond formation is a challenging problem in modern synthetic organic chemistry. Versatile methods for the oxofunctionalization of these groups are currently lacking. Approaches for the oxidation of benzylic C–H groups having a relatively weak C–H bond (the homolytic bond dissociation energy is ∼80–90 kcal mol−1) differ from the methods used for the oxidation of aliphatic and aromatic C–H groups with stronger C–H bonds. The review summarizes homogeneous catalytic and non-catalytic methods for the selective oxofunctionalization of benzylic groups of organic compounds developed in the past 40 years. Reactions using various oxidizing agents in the presence or in the absence of transition metal compounds are considered. Putative mechanisms of selected transformations are discussed. Particular focus is placed on the selective oxidation of various substrates.

The bibliography includes 278 references.
What are the Potential Sites of DNA Attack by N-Acetyl-p-benzoquinone Imine (NAPQI)?
Authors: Li Siqi , Leeming Michael G. , O'Hair Richard A. J.
Published: November 2019

Metabolic bioactivation of small molecules can produce electrophilic metabolites that can covalently modify proteins and DNA. Paracetamol (APAP) is a commonly used over-the-counter analgesic, and its hepatotoxic side effects have been postulated to be due to the formation of the electrophilic metabolite N-acetylbenzoquinone imine (NAPQI). It has been established that NAPQI reacts to form covalent bonds to the side-chain functional groups of cysteine, methionine, tyrosine, and tryptophan residues. While there have been scattered reports that APAP can form adducts with DNA the nature of these adducts have not yet been fully characterised. Here the four deoxynucleosides, deoxyguanosine (dG), deoxyadenosine (dA), deoxycytidine (dC), and deoxythymidine (dT) were reacted with NAPQI and the formation of adducts was profiled using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry with positive-ion mode electrospray ionisation and collision-induced dissociation. Covalent adducts were detected for dG, dA, and dC and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra revealed common neutral losses of deoxyribose (116 amu) arising from cleavage of the glyosidic bond with formation of the modified nucleobase. Of the four deoxynucleosides, dC proved to be the most reactive, followed by dG and dA. A pH dependence was found, with greater reactivity being observed at pH 5.5. The results of density functional theory calculations aimed at understanding the relative reactivities of the four deoxynucleosides towards NAPQI are described.
Feasibility of the PHYZ X 2U program: a mobile and cloud-based outreach service to improve chronic disease outcomes in underserviced rural communities
Authors: Paul Serene S. , Gardner Tania , Hubbard Angela , Johnson Justin , Canning Colleen G. , Leaver Andrew , Raymond Jacqueline , Dennis Sarah M.
Published: November 2019

Chronic disease is prevalent in rural communities, but access to health care is limited. Allied health intervention, incorporating behaviour change and exercise, may improve health outcomes. PHYZ X 2U is a new service delivery model incorporating face-to-face consultations via a mobile clinic and remote health coaching, delivered by physiotherapy and exercise physiology clinicians and university students on clinical placement, to provide exercise programs to people living with chronic disease in rural New South Wales, Australia. This pilot study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of PHYZ X 2U by evaluating participants’ goal attainment, exercise, quality of life and behaviour change following participation in the 12-week program, and amount of health coaching received. Sixty-two participants with one or more chronic diseases set a total of 123 goals. Thirty-nine (63%) participants completed the program, with 59% of these achieving their goals and 43% progressing in their attitudes and behaviour towards exercise. Weekly exercise increased by 1h following program participation (P=0.02), but quality of life remained unchanged (P=0.24). Participants who completed the program received more health coaching than those lost to follow up. PHYZ X 2U can increase access to allied health for people with chronic disease living in rural and remote areas. Refining the service to maximise program adherence and optimally manage a broad range of chronic diseases is required.
Testis-enriched circular RNA circ-Bbs9 plays an important role in Leydig cell proliferation by regulating a CyclinD2-dependent pathway
Authors: Jia Minzhi , Li Xiaoliang , Jiang Chuan , Wang Ke , Zuo Tao , He Guolin , Qin Lang , Xu Wenming
Published: November 2019

Circular RNAs belong to a new category of non-coding RNAs, characterised by a circular structure, conservation, stability and high expression in eukaryotes. They often show tissue- or cell-specific expression. Here, we identified a testis-enriched circular RNA (circRNA), circular Bbs9 (circ-Bbs9) that is highly expressed in mouse testis. An RNase R treatment experiment confirmed that circ-Bbs9 is indeed a circRNA. In situ hybridisation experiments showed that circ-Bbs9 is expressed in Leydig cells along seminiferous tubules and in the cytoplasm of the TM3 Leydig cell line. Knocking down the circ-Bbs9 in TM3 cells by lentivirus vectors arrested cell proliferation, whereas overexpression of circ-Bbs9 induced cell proliferation significantly. Knocking down circ-Bbs9 inhibited the protein level of cyclin D2 (Ccnd2) and RNA immunoprecipitation results showed that circ-Bbs9 interacts with Ccnd2. Our results show that use of the Hedgehog pathway Smoothened Agonist (SAG) HCl and antagonists cyclopamine and gant6 affects the expression levels of Glioma-Associated Oncogene Homolog 1 (Gli1), Ccnd2 and other genes in this pathway. Our research reveals that a Leydig cell-specific circRNA, circ-Bbs9, plays a critical role in Leydig cell proliferation through regulating the levels of cell cycle-related Ccnd2. Thus, our results emphasise the important role of circRNA in the male reproductive system.
“Warmth of thought” in Walter Nash’s prose and verse
Authors: Cockcroft Susan , Cockcroft Robert
Published: November 2019

This chapter explores the means through which Walter Nash engages
readers of his prose and verse, centring on the concept of “warmth of
thought”, which derives from Quintilian. Discussion of the poetry stresses
the significance of the word “heart”, especially in personal and religious
contexts – and in translation of Horace as representative of the secular
tradition. It shows how the resources of verse are adapted by Nash as a
poet, at once confessional and broadly empathetic, and how he explores the
uses and resources of prose, in a whole range of genres, as seen in his
publications beginning with Designs in Prose. Throughout,
“warmth of thought” is a dominant characteristic as he enlightens,
encourages and entertains both readers and prospective writers.
Chrysanthemums for Bill
Authors: Stockwell Peter
Published: November 2019

This chapter on a short story by D. H. Lawrence revisits a
key stylistic account of the text by Bill Nash, which was criticised both
specifically and as a general representation of stylistic practice. The
chapter addresses those criticisms, differentiating those that are misplaced
from those that might have had a reasonable basis. It claims that many of
these older objections can be addressed by more recent innovations in the
discipline, and in fact that Nash prefigured some later literary
linguistics, though he lacked the tools to develop his solutions at the
time. In this analysis, these innovations are drawn from the broadening of
stylistics to encompass matters that would previously have been regarded as
extra-linguistic, in the form of a cognitive poetics.
Discourse presentation and point of view in “Cheating at Canasta” by
William Trevor
Authors: Short Mick
Published: November 2019

This chapter examines the closing section of William Trevor’s
short story, “Cheating at Canasta”
(2007). Focussing on shifts in narrative viewpoint in the
passage, the chapter teases out the complex transitions in viewpoint
features, showing how Mallory, the story’s focaliser, engages in changing
perceptions of, and reactions to, his immediate environment. Viewpoint
transitions at the level of narrative style, it is argued, engender parallel
shifts in the character’s changing cognitive purview, including memory,
response and flashback as well as his internal assumptions and hypotheses. The
author shows how a subtle understanding of the passage (and indeed the story
as a whole) can enable an appreciation of the quality of the writing,
concluding that stylistic analyses help to show not just how we
understand literary texts but also why and how we
appreciate them.
No lab, no problem
Authors: Gallant Jordan , Libben Gary
Published: November 2019

We present new opportunities for psycholinguistic research that are made available by presenting experiments online over the web. We focus on PsychoPy3, which is a new version of a system for the development and delivery of behavioural experiments. Crucially, it allows for both these functions to be performed online. We note that experiments delivered over the web have significant efficiency advantages. They also open up new opportunities to increase the ecological validity of experiments and to facilitate the participation of members of populations that have thus far been less studied in the psycholinguistic literature. We discuss the crucial matter of millisecond timing in online experiments. The technical details of implementation of a behavioural psycholinguistic experiment are presented, along with listings of additional technical resources and support. Our overall evaluation is that although online experimentation still has technical challenges and improvements are ongoing, it may well represent the future of behavioural psycholinguistic research.
Neural correlates of second language acquisition of tone-grammar associations
Authors: Hed Anna , Schremm Andrea , Horne Merle , Roll Mikael
Published: November 2019

Native speakers of Swedish use tones on stems to predict which suffix is to follow. This is seen behaviorally in
reduced response times for matching tone-suffix pairs. Neurophysiologically, online prediction is reflected in the event-related
potential (ERP) component pre-activation negativity (PrAN) occurring for tones with a higher predictive value. Invalid suffixes
relative to the tone produce a left anterior negativity (LAN), or a broadly distributed negativity, and a P600. When native
speakers make decisions about the inflection of words, response times are also longer for invalid tone-suffix combinations. In
this study, low to intermediate level second language learners with non-tonal native languages trained tone-suffix associations
for two weeks. Before and after training, they participated in a perception test where they listened to nouns with valid and
invalid tone-suffix combinations and performed a singular/plural judgment task. During the test, electroencephalography (EEG) and
response times were measured. After training, the PrAN effect increased, and a LAN emerged for invalid stimuli, indicating that
the participants had acquired the tone-suffix association, using the tones as predictors more extensively post-training. However,
neither a P600 nor longer response times for invalidity were found, suggesting potential differences in native and second language
processing of the tone-suffix association.
Phonological and grammatical class cohorts in word production
Authors: Pellet Cheneval Pauline , Laganaro Marina
Published: November 2019

The lexical or sub-lexical loci of facilitation of word production by phonological cueing/priming are debated. We investigate whether phonological cues facilitate word production at the level of lexical selection by manipulating the size of the cohort of word onsets matching the cue. In the framework of lexical facilitation, a phonological cue corresponding to a small number of words should be more effective than a cue corresponding to a larger cohort. However, a lexical locus can clearly be inferred only if the facilitation effect in picture naming is modulated by a specific grammatical lexical cohort and not by the overall word onset cohort. Twenty-seven healthy participants performed an object/noun (Exp1) and an action/verb (Exp2) naming task with cues corresponding to large/small noun/verb onset cohorts. Results revealed that facilitation was modulated by the lexical onset cohort size of the cue in the target grammatical category. These results favour the lexical hypothesis and further suggest a categorical organization of the lexicon.
DNA replication and mitotic entry: A brake model for cell cycle progression
Authors: Lemmens Bennie , Lindqvist Arne
Published: November 2019

The core function of the cell cycle is to duplicate the genome and divide the duplicated DNA into two daughter cells. These processes need to be carefully coordinated, as cell division before DNA replication is complete leads to genome instability and cell death. Recent observations show that DNA replication, far from being only a consequence of cell cycle progression, plays a key role in coordinating cell cycle activities. DNA replication, through checkpoint kinase signaling, restricts the activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) that promote cell division. The S/G2 transition is therefore emerging as a crucial regulatory step to determine the timing of mitosis. Here we discuss recent observations that redefine the coupling between DNA replication and cell division and incorporate these insights into an updated cell cycle model for human cells. We propose a cell cycle model based on a single trigger and sequential releases of three molecular brakes that determine the kinetics of CDK activation.
Characteristics of non-thermal AC arcs in multi-arc generator*
Authors: Lin Qifu , Zhao Yanjun , Duan Wenxue , Ni Guohua , Jin Xinyue , Sui Siyuan , Xie Hongbing , Meng Yuedong
Published: November 2019

To obtain large-volume non-thermal arc plasma (NTAP), a multiple NTAP generator with three pairs of electrodes has been developed. The arc plasma characteristics, including dynamic process, spatial distribution, and rotation velocity in the discharge zone, were investigated by high speed photograph and image processing methods. The results showed that the dynamic behaviors and spatial distribution of the arc plasma were strongly related to the electrode configuration. A swirl flow of multi-arc plasma was formed by adjusting the electrode configuration, and a steady luminance area was clearly observed in the center of the discharge zone. Moreover, the size of the luminance area increased by decreasing the gas flow rate. The electrical connection in series could be formed between/among these arc columns with their respective driving power supplies in the multi-arc dynamic evolution process. An approximately periodical process of acceleration and deceleration of the arc rotation velocity was observed in the multi-arc generator with swirl flow configuration. In general, the mean velocity of arc rotation was higher in the multi-arc generator with swirl flow configuration when a pair of electrodes driven by a power supply were opposite to each other rather than adjacent.
High efficiency hydrogen purification through P2C3 membrane: A theoretical study*
Authors: Chu Zhao-Qin , Gu Xiao , Duan Xiang-Mei
Published: November 2019

It is critical to design an effective two-dimensional membrane for hydrogen purification from the mixed gas, due to its wide range of scientific and industrial applications. In this work, we investigate the hydrogen separation performance of P2C3 membranes by density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulations. The results show that the energy barrier of the H2 molecule through the P2C3 film is only 0.18 eV, while the energy barriers of the CO, N2, CO2, and CH4 molecules are 0.77 eV, 0.87 eV, 0.52 eV, and 1.75 eV, respectively. In addition, the P2C3 film has high H2 selectivity toward other gas molecules and high H2 permeability at room temperature. Under 6% tensile strain, 82% hydrogen molecules pass through the film with a H2 permeance of 2.22 × 107 gas permeance unit (GPU), while other molecules cannot across the membrane at all. Therefore, the P2C3 membrane is an excellent material for hydrogen purification.
Technology and Innovation Capitalization: A Comparative Study of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and University of Saskatchewan
Authors: Siswanto Ibnu , Raharjo Heru
Published: November 2019

The innovative technologies rapidly change the social development, as well as the economic structure in the world and reinforce many countries to develop their national economy from natural resources through innovative production processes and new products. This study describes the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and University of Saskatchewan achievement and its influential factors on the technology and innovation capitalization. The study reveals that both the institutions perform outstanding achievements on the technology and innovation commercialization such as the number of patents, business spin-off, total fundraising from government and industry, and their alumni impact on the national economic sectors. Factors affect their achievement are strong relationships among university, industry, government, and partnership with international experts, exceptional faculty members, high-quality research, entrepreneurship culture, team work, and supportive funding. This study further suggests the university, government, and industry to prepare themselves to achieve technology and innovation capitalization through well-developed collaboration among the three institutions.
The Development of Android-Based Learning Media for Light Vehicle Engineering Skill Students of SMKNegeri 2 Pengasih
Authors: Khaharsyah Alfat
Published: November 2019

This study aims at: (1) producing android-based learning media used by students in the teaching and learning process of Light Vehicle Engineering expertise in State Vocational High School 2 of Pengasih (SMK Negeri 2 Pengasih); (2) evaluating the feasibility level of the developed learning media; (3) describing the of effectiveness level of the developed products of Android-based learning media. This research can be catagorized as Development Research, which adopts ADDIE development model including analyze, design, develop, implement, and evaluate. The stages of product development consist of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The product trials consist of internal trials and external trials. The data from the trial results were collected by questionnaire, field observation, and documentation. The research instruments were questionnaires, learning media in the form of Application Package Files (APK), and documents. The subjects of this study were 46 students of Light Vehicle Engineering expertise in State Vocational High School 2 of Pengasih, with two instrument validators, two product validators and two teachers. The results of the study analyzed through qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings showed that (1) The product development, in the form of Android-based learning media, contained several menus, such as, top right-corner menu, description menu, theoretical menu, and exercise menu. (2) The feasibility level of android-based learning media from the material experts can be categorized as “good” while from the media experts stated as “good” and the feasibility test to the students indicated in “good” category. (3) The effectiveness level of Android-based learning media application products obtained N-gain of 76.09 (effective).
Management of Career Guidance Program in Vocational High Schools in Yogyakarta Special Territory (DIY) of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)
Authors: Saputra Rios , Sudira Putu
Published: November 2019

This aim of this study is to describe about management of career guidance programs in Yogyakarta Special Region Vocational High Schools at the ASEAN Economic Community era. This was a quantitative descriptive study supported by qualitative data with survey methods. The subjects of this study were 8 school headmasters, 8 guidance and counselling coordinators, 38 guidance and counseling counselors, 87 light vehicle engineering teachers and 194 grade XII students. The research data was obtained from an open questionnaire. Data analysis used descriptive statistics with qualitative data as supporting data. The results showed: Management of career guidance programs in State Vocational High Schools of Yogyakarta Special Region included in the medium category with 55.80%. This showed that the management of career guidance programs in State Vocational High Schools was not optimal. The findings of this study were career guidance managers who have difficulties in the process of planning programs to support students’ career development and organizing, lack of counselors who were in line with the undergraduate qualifications of education counseling guidance, less time of implementation program, rarely evaluating sustainably.
Implementing Snowball Throwing Model to Improve Learning Motivation and Test Score of Vocational High School Students
Authors: Iqbal Saputra Hanief , Munadi Sudji
Published: November 2019

The objectives of this research is to improve: (1) students’ learning motivation (2) students’test score in major of basic work of automotive of students in X-1of Vehicle Engineering Program in SMK Boedi Oetomo Cilacap using the implementation of Snowball Throwing learning model.This research isClasroom Action Research with two cycles. Each cycle consists of action planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. Its subjects arestudents in the X-1 grades of Vehicle Engineering Program in SMK Boedi Oetomo Cilacap. The data were collected through test, observation, questionnaire and documentation. They were analyzed by quantitative descriptive analysis mode.The result of research shows that implementing Snowball Throwingmodel can improve students’learning motivation and test score of basic work of automotive subject. In cycle I, percentage of students’ learning motivation was 69.60% and in cycle II it became 77.08%. Furthermore, the percentage of the students completed the cognitive aspect was 62.86% and it became 100% in cycle II, percentage of the students passed the affective aspect was 70.20% in cycle I and it became 81.14% in cycle II, and percentage of the students completed the psychomotor aspect was 81.14% in cycle I and it became 89.71% in cycle II.
Profile Of Vocational Learning In The Era Of Industrial Revolution 4.0 (Studies At Department Of Automotive Vocational High School)
Authors: Ermawati RizzaUmmi , Wagiran
Published: November 2019

This study aims to describe profile of vocational automotive learning technique in Vocational High School (VHS) in the face of industrial revolution 4.0 and 21st century skills, (1) to analyze the map vocational learning good practices theory and effective, (2) to analyze the performance of teaching teachers, learning theory and practice of competence vocational and conformity standardization and optimization vocational learning. The research is descriptive study. The study was conducted on teachers in automotive engineering majors, VHS in Yogyakarta city. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation then analyzed a sort of descriptive set. The results of the study showed that the profile of good vocational learning seen in the input component of the characteristics of good teachers was that the professional teacher in teaching fulfilled the teacher training experience and teacher properties. Secondly, the components of the process are interrelated with aspects of active learning, namely interactive, interesting, fun learning, student center and teaching is a facilitator, in productive subjects students can market goods or services from vocational learning outcomes. The output component that has academic aspects with student graduation indicators, student exam scores and competency certificates is good. This is based on the achievement of learning objectives that refer to the characteristics of students, mastery of student competencies with the certificate of competence
Developing a Manual Arc Welding Job Sheet for the Basic Welding Technique Subject
Authors: Adityawan Galih , Dwi Djatmiko Riswan
Published: November 2019

The study aims to describe (1) the development stages of the manual arc welding job sheet and (2) its validity. It is a Research and Development (R & D) of which the data were collected by means of non-test instruments, namely the closed-ended questionnaires with the 5-scale responses. The data were collected from the three research participants acting as the material and media experts,namely two lecturers in the Mechanical Engineering Education Study Program, Faculty of Engineering (FE), Yogyakarta State University (YSU), and a teacher of the Basic Welding Technique subject. The job sheet development stages were adapted from Thiagarajan’s model, namely the Four-D model covering the definition, design, development, and dissemination. Data were analyzed quantitatively by means of the descriptive statistics. The results of the material evaluation by the material expert I prove that the job sheet is categorized as Appropriate (with the total score of 145 or 82.9%) and Very Appropriate based on the material expert II with the total score of 153 (87.4%). Besides, in terms of the media, the job sheet is Appropriate based on the media expert I (with the total score of 207 or 82.8%) and Very Appropriate based on the media expert II (with the total score of 215 or 84.4%).