bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contratos agrarios y renta de la tierra en Toledo, 1521-1650
Authors: González Agudo David
Published: May 2019

Little is known about the management of secular clerg y assets in modern Spain. The aim of this work is to analyse agrarian contracts and the evolution of land rent in Toledo between 1521 and 1650, from a representative sample of fifty rural properties belonging to the city’s Cathedral. The census was the most frequent contract, although the lease provided the main source of income for the Chapter. Long-term leases were more prevalent during the first half of the sixteenth century, after which short-term leases increased. From 1521-1529 and 1642-1650, farmland rents increased by 28%, while meadow rents fell by 57%. Such a divergence can be explained by the growing profitability of farmland and increases in the cost of livestock activities. In the seventeenth century, agrarian depression in the region and reorientation of Madrid’s grain supplies would have dr iven down the rents of the Cathedral far mlands that were closely located to the seat of the new Crown. However, the takeover of a considerable share of the leases by Chapter canons and civil elites would have altered both rent trends and contractual for mulas. This makes the role of land rent a proxy for economic performance and questions the idea that corporate interests prevailed over the ideal of maximizing income.
Теоретичні та методичні основи навчання старшокласників семиборства в позаурочній діяльності
Authors: Dykyi Oleh , Tsos Anatolii
Published: May 2019

Актуальність. Проведені дослідження лише частково охопили питання розвитку різноманітних видів підготовки в багатоборстві, їх раціонального поєднання протягом річного циклу тренування. Практично не дослідженими залишаються проблеми модельних характеристик та методики підготовки у військово-прикладному семиборстві. Мета дослідження полягає в розробці й експериментальній перевірці ефективності методики навчання військово-прикладного семиборства старшокласників у позаурочній діяльності. Методи дослідження – аналіз психолого-педагогічної літератури, систематизація інформації, педагогічне тестування, антропометричні вимірювання, анкетування, педагогічний експеримент, педагогічне спостереження, математична статистика. Визначення рівня рухової активності молоді здійснювали за міжнародним опитувальником «The International Physical Activity Questionnaire» (IPAQ). У дослідженнях узяли участь 526 хлопців віком 16–17 років. Результати. Модельні характеристики учасників спартакіади України з військово-спортивного семиборства для допризовної молоді характеризуються високими результатами в усіх видах змагань.  Середні  показники  підтягування  становлять 17,07 раза, подолання смуги перешкод – 2,09 хв, с, бігу 100 м – 13,01 с, бігу на 3000 м – 11,31 хв, с, плавання – 41,01 с, метання гранати – 40,89 м, стрільби – 49,27 очок. Важливість універсальної підготовки за всіма видами військово-прикладного семиборства підтверджено й кореляційними зв’язками між видами підготовленості та загальною кількістю отриманих балів. Так, найтісніше пов’язані між собою результати подолання смуги перешкод і бігу на 100 м (r = 0,54), подолання смуги перешкод й отриманих балів із бігу на 100 м (r = -0,53) подо- лання смуги перешкод та отриманих балів із бігу 3000 м (r = -0,43). Висновки. Результати дослідження дали змогу розробити поетапно-послідовну методику навчання військово-прикладного семиборства учнів старших класів. Визначено спрямованість рухової активності у взаємозв’язку з інтенсивністю занять, тривалістю  вправ,  трива- лістю й характером відпочинку, кількістю занять протягом тижня, темпами збільшення навантаження протягом тижня, місяця.
Упевненість у собі як умова психічного здоровʼя юнаків на уроках фізичної культури
Authors: Sundukova Irina
Published: May 2019

Актуальність. На основі теоретичного аналізу з’ясовано, що впевненість у собі впливає на психічне здоров’я учнів та їхнє емоційне благополуччя. Упевненість у собі – це позитивне інтегроване ставлення до власних можливостей, що зумовлюється особливостями особистісного розвитку, становленням самосвідомості, подоланням залежності особистості від зовнішньої детермінації, узгодженням Я-реального та Я-ідеального. Натомість причиною формування невпевненості в собі й депресивних розладів особистості є переважання про- цесів гальмування над процесами збудження, що призводить до формування «гальмівної особистості», не здатної до відкритого вираження своїх почуттів, бажань і потреб. Результати. Визначено такі характеристики психічно здорової й упевненої в собі особистості: відкритість, невербальне спілкування, віра у власні сили, спонтанне вираження почуттів, самоздійснення «тут і зараз». Систематичні заняття фізичною культурою спонукають учнів не лише до ведення здорового способу життя, а й розвивають здатність адекватно оцінювати можливості своєї особистості; формують упевненість у собі та своїх фізичних і моральних силах; сприяють умінню налагоджувати позитивний емоційний зв’язок у взаємодії з партнерами у фізкультурній діяльності; розвивають здатності управ- ляти своїми переживаннями та негативними емоційними станими. Установлено, що більшість респондентів мають середній рівень упевненості в собі, що виявляється в помірному вираженні цілеспрямованості й наполегливості. Старшокласники цього рівня доволі зважено ставляться до визначення своїх цілей та засобів, якими мають намір досягати поставленої мети. Висновки. Зазначено, що в процесі занять фізичною культурою в учнів зʼявляються інтерес і звичка до систематичного виконання фізичних вправ, розвиваються морально-вольові якості: сміливість, наполегливість, дисциплінованість, взаємодопомога, упевненість у собі та своїх можливостях тощо.
Optimization of production and animal transit in an integrated crop-livestock system with no-tillage
Authors: Do Nascimento Vinicius Teixeira , Delgado Angel Ramon Sanchez , Ventura Sergio Drumond
Published: May 2019

Atualmente os sistemas integrados de produção lavoura-pecuária têm se apresentado como uma alternativa viável e sustentável em termos econômicos, sociais e ambientais. Este trabalho desenvolve e implementa computacionalmente um modelo de programação inteira mista (MIXP) que representa ou simula numericamente as condições operacionais ótimas de um sistema integrado lavoura-pecuária com plantio direto (SILPE-PD), incluindo trânsito animal. Para a implementação computacional do modelo, foram impostas condições sobre a adequação do ganho do peso vivo de cada animal do rebanho considerado, em cada período e área do SILPE-PD (confinamento, pastagem e cultivo anual de culturas agrícolas), bem como rendimento líquido marginal de cada cultura e os custos por unidade de alimento considerados. Com dados gerados aleatoriamente verificou-se a validade do modelo matemático desenvolvido. Cada MIXP foi resolvido utilizando o solver INTLINPROG no software MATLAB. Assim, após a implementação computacional, verificou-se que o programa atende a todas as restrições impostas, maximiza o ganho de peso de cada animal, proporciona a melhor seleção de culturas anuais e minimiza os custos de alimentação na área de confinamento.

Palavras chave:Confinamento animal, compactação do solo, pastagem, trânsito animal.
Estudo Taxonômico das subfamílias Cercidoideae e Detarioideae (Leguminosae) no Parque Ecológico Engenheiro Ávidos, Sertão Paraibano
Authors: Souto Flávio Sousa , Quaresma Aclébia Alves , Araruna Anaine Batista , De Queiroz Rubens Teixeira , Pereira Maria Do Socorro
Published: May 2019

As subfamílias Cercidoideae e Detarioideae representam as linhagens basais dentre as Leguminosae. Neste trabalho é relatada a ocorrência de três espécies no Parque Ecológico Engenheiro Ávidos, sendo duas integrantes de Cercidoideae, Bauhinia cheilantha (Bong.) Steud. e B. pentandra (Bong.) D. Dietr. e uma de Detarioideae, Tamarindus indica L. Vale salientar que B. pentandra ocorre na Paraíba apenas nos municípios que compreendem a mesorregião do Sertão, enquanto B. cheilantha encontra-se distribuída em todas as regiões geográficas do estado, já Tamarindus indica é uma espécie exótica, amplamente cultivada, em função do seu potencial alimentício. Estes dados florísticos são relevantes, pois contribuem para a ampliação do conhecimento da cobertura vegetal no semiárido.

Palavras chave: Caatinga, Florística, Fabaceae.
Ab initio study of the main components of biodiesel derived from soybean oil
Authors: De Araújo José Agripino , Pinheiro Carlos Davidson , Sales Luciano Leal De Morais , Wanderley Albaneide Fernandes , Longo Elson
Published: May 2019

O presente trabalho foi realizado utilizando o pacote computacional Gaussian03, onde procurou-se mostrar algumas propriedades que envolvem as principais moléculas dos ésteres metílicos, derivados dos ácidos graxos presentes no óleo vegetal de soja. Foram analisados dados obtidos em relação a energia do sistema e cargas de Mulliken sobre os átomos investigados. Buscou-se expor a problemática dos combustíveis fósseis em decorrência dos impactos ambientais. Realizamos análises teóricas das moléculas dos ésteres resultantes da reação de transesterificação com metanol, utilizando o método ab initio, usando o conjunto de base 6-31G.

Palavras chave: Análise teórica, ab initio, óleo de soja, metil ésteres.
Homo Islamicus dan Imperfect State : Konsep Manusia dan Al-Madinah Al-Fadilah menurut Al-Farabi
Authors: Aravik Havis - , Hamzani Achmad Irwan
Published: May 2019

Purpose: This article discusses about the other side of al-Farabi, an Islamic economic thinker. With the aim that an open paradigm of thinking new in seeing al-Farabi, not only political experts and famous philosophers, but also as a reliable Islamic economic thinker.Design/Method/Approach: This article uses library-based qualitative research (qualitative research) with a qualitative descriptive approach and technical descriptive analysis and content analysis.Finding: This study was able to identify that al-Farabi was truly an Islamic economic thinker. Al-Farabi's Islamic economic thinking can be seen in his works such as the Book of Ara 'Ahl al-Madinah al-Fadilah, Kitab al-Siyasat al-Madaniyah and the Tahsil al-Sa'adah Book. Al-Farabi was one of the economic thinkers who emphasized his economic thinking on the concept of man as homo Islamicus who had an advantage in the field of reason compared to other beings (al-hayawan al-nathiq) where one of his goals was to become a perfect society (al- kalimah) and happy by doing noble actions, virtues and virtues. However, in its journey, the existence of the community formed a state that was in the form of a main state (al-Madinah al-Fadilah), a foolish state (al-madinah al-Jahilah), a fasiq state (al-madinah al-Fasiqah), a perverse country (al -madinah al-Dhallah), and a changing state (al-madinah al-Mutabaddilah). The ideal country that can manifest human happiness is the main country (al-Madinah al-Fadilah).Originality/Novelty: This research contributes to filling the 'emptiness' of Islamic economic theory, which comes from Al-Farabi's thoughts and works. This study did not become a 'copy' which informed the other side of Al-Farabi as a philosopher. But he also offers economic thinking, especially in relation to the human concept and welfare state.
PROPOSTA DE METODOLOGIA PARA A PESQUISA DA QUALIDADE NO ATENDIMENTO EM ÂMBITO HOSPITALAR
Authors: Da Silva Carvalho Andre Luís , De Carvalho Gois Tafarel , Da Silva Rodrigues Glaucemaria , Peres Andrade Polyanna
Published: May 2019

Este artigo teve como objetivo geral estudar como a gestão da qualidade influencia no atendimento ao cliente em uma empresa da área da saúde do Distrito Federal. Para concluir os objetivos empregados ao longo deste trabalho foram utilizadas técnicas de pesquisas bibliográficas, estudo de caso e de pesquisa quantitativa. A análise de dados foi feita por meio de um questionário que buscou saber a opinião de terceiros sobre os serviços prestados nas clínicas. Foi utilizado o questionário,pois ele tem como objetivo o conhecimento de opiniões, interesses e situações vivenciadas por outras pessoas. Através da análise é possível concluir que parte dos entrevistados está insatisfeita com o atendimento, a gestão da qualidade deve levantar ações para que haja de fato uma melhoria no atendimento e que ela se torne continua. O estudo conclui que a gestão da qualidade é o principal atributo das organizações para atingir um atendimento de qualidade.
EMPREENDEDORISMO E INOVAÇÃO: A CRIAÇÃO DE UM MODELO DE NEGÓCIO INOVADOR, SEM FINANCIAMENTO
Authors: Aires Souto Luís Henrique , Moreira Del Fiaco Juliana Luíza
Published: May 2019

Para a investigação que resultou nesse artigo estudou-se os conceitos na literatura sobre inovação e empreendedorismo com o objetivo de alicerçar a criação de um modelo de negócio inovador sem financiamentos utilizando a ferramenta Canvas, para isso explicou-se o que é um modelo de negócio inovador, e as condições necessárias para torná-lo viável comercialmente e economicamente, consequentemente, tal pesquisa detalhou os passos para a criação do novo empreendimento proposto, seguindo o modelo Bussines Model Generation sugerido por Osterwalder. Atingiu-se tal objetivo por meio da pesquisa metodológica e exploratória, ou seja, analisou-se a melhor forma de desenvolver o modelo de negócio e detalharam-se os passos, procedimento este que foi embasado por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica, principalmente em livros, revistas e artigos científicos.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PROJETOS DE EMPREENDEDORISMO FINANCEIRO. ESTUDO DE CASO: FINTECHS E SUAS AÇÕES
Authors: De Amorim Núbia Carvalho , De Souza Araújo Rhogério Correia
Published: May 2019

O termo fintech, surgiu da combinação das palavras em inglês, financial (finanças) e technology (tecnologia) na Califórnia – Estados Unidos na década de 90, porém obteve conhecimento no Brasil por volta do ano de 2013, às fintechs trouxeram impactos e mudanças no setor bancário trazendo uma renovação no que tange à utilização de serviços bancários. Instituições financeiras agregaram valor ao novo modelo com iniciativas de investimentos e desenvolvimentos de projetos. Em relação aos clientes e usuários de aplicativos das fintechs houve uma aceitação e confiança, pois se trata do uso de tecnologia inovadora, onde o foco é o perfil do cliente, segurança das transações e sigilo dos dados, o serviço é cem por cento digital, o que comprova a eficiência e crescimento da sua utilização, não há existência de intermediários, o cliente tem como benefícios a vantagem de não precisar se deslocar até uma agência física, isenção de tarifas e taxas menores, portanto o presente artigo tem como objetivo geral descrever e conceituar às fintechs, demonstrando suas características e satisfação de usuários ao utilizarem seus serviços no segmento bancário, sendo um diferencial na forma de empreender com foco na tecnologia, abordando incentivos e projetos de aceleração. Faz-se referência a uma pesquisa descritiva, explicativa e bibliográfica, sendo que foram analisados três centros de empreendedorismo financeiro e tecnológico com foco nas fintechs, abordou-se também análise de dados de fintechs que se destacaram no setor. Através da pesquisa e estudo de caso relatou evolução, características e segmentos das fintechs. Contudo referente aos objetivos específicos dissertou-se sobre empreendedorismo, comprovando que às startups fintechs é um modelo novo de negócio, verificando sua atuação, vantagens e evolução, o objetivo geral foi validado aos grandes tipos de investimentos e desenvolvimentos para se alcançar o sucesso, justificado através de valores e números seu potencial e eficiência no setor bancário.
SELECCIÓN DE MAQUINARIA PARA LA OPERACIÓN DE DERRIBO EN BOSQUES DE CONÍFERAS
Authors: Villagómez Loza Mario Alberto
Published: May 2019

En las operaciones de abastecimiento forestal se tienen las tareas más pesadas y los consumos de calorías más elevados, lo que influye directamente en el vigor físico de los trabajadores, ya que consumen de 5,000 a 6,000 Kcal día-1, cifra que al compararse con las actividades de oficina (2,000 a 3,000 Kcal día-1), construcción y agricultura (4,000 a 5,000 Kcal día-1) evidencia su importancia, con respecto al esfuerzo físico necesario para su ejecución. Las características de la maquinaria empleada para los trabajos en bosques de coníferas no corresponden, en la mayoría de los casos, a las dimensiones del arbolado, de manera que se utilizan motosierras de altas especificaciones (peso y longitud de barra) y costos de adquisición, lo cual influye, fuertemente, en el esfuerzo físico que se requiere para llevar a cabo dicha operación. El objetivo del presente estudio fue medir el rendimiento, el costo y la carga fisiológica del trabajador al efectuar el derribo de coníferas con motosierras de diferente peso. Se determinó que para los modelos evaluados el rendimiento fue el mismo, mientras que el costo por unidad de producción y la carga fisiológica sobre el operador resultaron superiores con el equipo de mayor peso, lo que afectó la distribución del rendimiento durante la jornada de trabajo.
The Relation of Body Mass Index and Duration of Anesthesia with Conscious Recovery Time in Children with General Anesthesia in Regional General Hospital Central Java Kebumen
Authors: Olfah Yustiana , Andisa Reza , Jitowiyono Sugeng
Published: May 2019

The calculation of body mass index and duration of anesthesia is the first step of a series of actions performed anesthesia on pediatric patients who planned to undergo anesthesia . The calculation of body mass index and duration of anesthesia determine the smoothness of anesthesia , and the patient's recovery period after general anesthesia. The study is to determine the relationship of body mass index and duration of anesthesia with conscious recovery time after general anesthesia in children using observational analytic cross sectional survey approach. The site of research is in recovery room of The Central Surgery Installation RSUD Kebumen Central Java with as many as 44 research sample consists of body mass index and duration of anesthesia, with postoperative assessment instruments Steward score. The result is patients with conscious recovery time after general anesthesia slowly, over 30 minutes is a patient with a body mass index is not ideal that 13 people ( 68.42 % ) of the total sample whereas patients who recovered quickly in less than or equal to 30 minutes as many as 17 people ( 72 % ) with an ideal tubu mass index of the total sample . From the statistical test Chi-square computer program values obtained value , the probability asymp . Sig . ( 2 - sided ) : 0,008 which means there is a relationship of body mass index of anesthesia with the patient recovery time , and patients recover with time after general anesthesia consciously slowly , over 30 minutes is a patient with a long lebi anesthesia time of 1 hour 12 people ( 75 % ) of the total sample whereas patients who recovered quickly in less than or equal to 30 minutes of 20 people ( 71.43 % ) with a time of anesthesia faster than the total sample . From the statistical test Chi-square computer program values obtained value , the probability asymp. Sig. ( 2 - sided): 0,003 which means there is a long-standing relationship with the anesthesia recovery time of patients, so there is a relationship of body mass index and duration of anesthesia with conscious recovery time
‘The Golden Chain of Pious Rabbis’: the origin and development of Finnish Jewish Orthodoxy
Authors: Muir Simo , Tuori Riikka
Published: May 2019

This article provides the first historiographical analysis of the origins of Jewish Orthodoxy in Helsinki and describes the development of the rabbinate from the establishment of the congregation in the late 1850s up to the early 1980s. The origins of the Finnish Jewish community lies in the nineteenth-century Russian army. The majority of Jewish soldiers in Helsinki originated from the realm of Lithuanian Jewish (Litvak) culture, that is, mainly non-Hasidic Jewish Orthodoxy that emerged in the late eighteenth century. Initially, the Finnish Jewish religious establishment continued this Orthodox-Litvak tradition. After the independence of Finland, the Helsinki congregation hired academic, Modern Orthodox rabbis educated in Western Europe. Following the devastation of the Shoah and the Second World War, the recruitment of rabbis faced new challenges. Overall, the rabbi recruitments were in congruence with the social and cultural development of the Helsinki community, yet respected its Orthodox roots.
Researching vernacular Judaism: reflections on theory and method
Authors: Illman Ruth
Published: May 2019

This article presents the ethnographically driven multi-method research perspective of vernacular religion and analyses its potential to contribute to the theoretical advancement of Jewish studies. The ongoing discussion on religion and change within the study of religions in gen­eral and Jewish studies in particular is outlined and structured around three ‘turns’ identified in the re­search on vernacular religiosity. To exemplify these theoretical and methodological considerations, a recently initiated research project focusing on vernacular Judaism in Finland is presented. This project seeks to examine central ideas of boundaries as they are negotiated and interpreted among Finnish Jewry, to compare the emerging patterns with Nordic counterparts and thus contribute to a more nuanced perception of Jewish identities in these contexts. The article concludes with a discussion on the advances of such an approach, pointing to the relative novelty of research into vernacular religion within Jewish studies and the exceptionality of the Finnish Jewish context.
Intellektuelt fyrtårn gået bort: Amos Oz (1939–2018)
Authors: Ravn Flemming André Philip
Published: May 2019

Amos Oz (1939–2018) in memoriam.
Ny rapport om finländska SS-frivilliga och övergreppen mot judar 1941–1943. A new report on Finnish SS-volunteers and atrocities against Jews 1941–3
Authors: Deland Mats
Published: May 2019

Review (in Swedish and in English) of Lars Westerlund's The Finnish SS-Volunteers and Atrocities against Jews, Civilians and Prisoners of War in Ukraine and the Caucasus Region 1941–1943: An Archival Study (Helsinki, National Archives of Finland, 2019).
Final Asigment
Authors: Fitra Yulia
Published: May 2019

Eonomic growth itself is a process where there is a real increase in gross national product or real national income in a country. Economic growth is essentially aimed at improving the welfare of the people (walfare), therefore it requires increased economic growth and more equitable income distribution. However, if the growth is followed by an improvement in income distribution, it will be difficult to create prosperity for the community in general, because the income distribution is uneven or does not run smoothly, so that it will automatically disrupt the Indonesian economy, and will be in poverty.
Potensi Geowisata Tebing Breksi Sebagai Obyek Wisata Geologi di Yogyakarta
Authors: Rahmawati Desi
Published: May 2019

Makalah ini merupakan hasil laporan Domestic Case Study untuk syarat publikasi ilmiah di Sekolah Tinggi Pariwasata Ambarrukmo Yogyakarta dengan judul Potensi Geowisata Tebing Breksi Sebagai Obyek Wisata Geologi di Yogyakarta.
Klasifikasi Kelancaran Kredit Furniture Menggunakan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor Berbasis Forward Selection
Authors: Sidik Zainudin
Published: May 2019

Salah satu bentuk dari risiko kredit adalah kredit bermasalah, yang menggambarkan suatu situasi dimana persetujuan pengembalian kredit mengalami risiko kegagalan. Dalam teknik klasifikasi terdapat beberapa algoritma yang dapat digunakan, salah satu algoritma yang sering digunakan yaitu K-NN, Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kinerja algoritma KNN dengan menerapkan fitur forward selection yang digunakan untuk menyeleksi setiap fitur yang tidak terpakai saat memulai iterasi fitur, hasil dari penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dengan menambahkan forward selection kinerja dari algoritma KNN dapat ditingkatkan. Dengan hasil nilai akurasi terbaik 94.82%.
Poetic Books of Old Testament
Authors: Prabowo Paulus Dimas
Published: May 2019

Interpretting a poetry isn’t easy work. The writer uses many rhetorical devices to deliver the message to the reader. The message is clothed with beauty. People could find it in Psalms of Old Testament. What a magnificient work it is; the divine message’s voiced through a beauty. Our eyes are too blur to see the beauty and the message, untill we find the rhetorical devices which used in. The main purpose of this article is showing the function of rhetorical devices to find the idea and message. Another purpose is to show how conversant the writer creates his poetry and how he uses the rhetorical devices skillfully. Through this article, we will see an example is demonstrated through Psalm 145.
Perangkat Retorika dalam Mazmur 145
Authors: Prabowo Paulus Dimas
Published: May 2019

Interpretting a poetry isn’t easy work. The writer uses many rhetorical devices to deliver the message to the reader. The message is clothed with beauty. People could find it in Psalms of Old Testament. What a magnificient work it is; the divine message’s voiced through a beauty. Our eyes are too blur to see the beauty and the message, until we find the rhetorical devices which used in. The main purpose of this article is showing the function of rhetorical devices to find the idea and message. Another purpose is to show how conversant the writer creates his poetry and how he uses the rhetorical devices skillfully. Through this article, we will see an example is demonstrated through Psalm 145.
Memory suppression and its deficiency in psychological disorders: A focused meta-analysis
Authors: Stramaccia Davide Francesco , Meyer Ann-Kristin , Rischer Katharina Miriam , Fawcett Jonathan , Benoit Roland Georg
Published: May 2019

It is still debated whether suppressing the retrieval of unwanted memories causes forgetting and whether this constitutes a beneficial mechanism. To shed light on these two questions, we scrutinize the evidence for such suppression-induced forgetting (SIF) and examine whether it is deficient in psychological disorders characterized by intrusive thoughts. Specifically, we performed a focused meta-analysis of studies that have used the Think/No-Think procedure to test SIF in individuals either affected by psychological disorders or exhibiting high scores on related traits. Overall, across 96 effects from 25 studies, we found that avoiding retrieval leads to significant forgetting in healthy individuals, with a small to moderate effect size (0.28, 95% CI [0.14, 0.43]). Importantly, this effect was indeed larger than for more anxious (-0.21, 95% CI [-0.41, -0.02]) or depressed individuals (0.05, 95% CI [-0.19, 0.29]) - though estimates for the healthy may be inflated by publication bias. In contrast, individuals with a stronger repressive coping style showed greater SIF (0.42, 95% CI [0.32, 0.52]). Furthermore, moderator analyses revealed that SIF varied with the exact suppression mechanism that participants were instructed to engage. For healthy individuals, the effect sizes were considerably larger when instructions induced specific mechanisms of direct retrieval suppression or thought substitution than when they were unspecific. These results suggest that intact suppression-induced forgetting is a hallmark of psychological well-being, and that inducing more specific suppression mechanisms fosters voluntary forgetting.
Children eat more food when they prepare it themselves
Authors: DeJesus Jasmine M
Published: May 2019

Data file for manuscript review. Includes data and variable names. Race and income have been omitted for confidentiality but will be made available upon request.
Taiwan: Formation of National Identity and Its Effect on Political Engagement
Authors: Kolpashnikova Kamila
Published: May 2019

This paper analyzes the association between national identity and political affiliation. I argue that the political processes in Taiwan, as well as the outcomes of the local elections in 2018, reflect not the reversal of the liberal democratic ideals in the country but of the support of ‘underdogs’ and ‘黨外’, as well as the longstanding tradition of anti-establishment political affiliations among Taiwanese people. Using the 1992-2015 Taiwan Social Change Survey, I test the effects of demographic characteristics and of national identity (net of ethnic identity) on the anti-establishment political sentiments vis-à-vis the support of the mainstream political parties. I find that people with dual identity were at the core of the anti-establishment movement in the 90s and 00s. Moreover, they were more likely to be younger, well educated, and have higher earnings. The democratic process with periodic changes in power since the lift of the martial law was, therefore, driven by the electorate who used to identify themselves as both Taiwanese and Chinese in the early years of the democratic rule in Taiwan.
Visión panorámica de las Tradiciones peruanas
Authors: Arroyo Laguna Eduardo
Published: May 2019

Este breve ensayo presenta ideas referidas a tradición e historia, sus semejanzas y diferencias así como la inclusión del uso del lenguaje popularen las tradiciones palmistas.
Geography of international migration in the modern age of globalization
Authors: Sintserov L. M.
Published: May 2019

The article deals with international migration during the last decades of the 20th and at the beginning of the 21st centuries and its economic-geographical analysis. The paper provides an overview of opinions about the dating of the contemporary era of global migration. It is shown that only after completion of spatial restructuring of migration processes and with the transition to sustainable growth of the share of international migrants in the world population, the modern increase of migration begins. On the basis of the UN statistics the main sources of migrants to the countries of Western Europe have been determined as well as shifts in the geographical structure of migrant population of the region that have taken place in the last quarter of a century. Two migration waves directed to the core of the European region from its southern and then from the eastern periphery are determined. The transformation of the USA population structure caused by the migration inflow from Latin America and Asia is described. The ratio of the main directions of global migration is shown: South-South, South-North, etc. At the same time, it is noted that a rather limited part of international migrations is associated with the asynchrony of demographic processes in the regions of the world. The article also discusses the remittances of migrants from developing countries to their homeland, forming powerful financial flows, which are second only to foreign direct investment. They play an especially important role in the economies of developing countries. The calculations show that the contribution of international migrants to the world economy far exceeds their share in the world population.
Spatial variation of pine tree-ring growth in the Solovetsky Islands
Authors: Dolgova E. A. , Solomina O. N. , Matskovsky V. V. , Dobryansky A. S. , Semenyak N. A. , Shpunt S. S.
Published: May 2019

The paper presents the results of an analysis of the spatial variability of pine tree-ring growth in the Solovetsky Islands. As a result of the field work, tree-ring network containing 14 dendrochronological pine sites in various habitats were developed. For each site, a local tree-ring width pine chronology (from 472 to 271 years) is obtained, representing pine growth features in different habitat conditions. A comparison between chronologies revealed synchronious growth of pine in various habitats in the late 17th, in the first half of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th centuries. The use of cluster analysis allowed to identify several groups of chronologies with similar characteristics. So, trees growing on swamps, on a sandy substrate and in a green-moss pine forest or in a mixed forest are allocated in separate clusters. This clustering is also confirmed by the results of a dendroclimatic analysis of local chronologies. It turned out that the increase in the pine’s growth in the mixed forest and in the green-moss pine forest depends on the July air temperature variation. Inside this group, samples from pine forests have a common feature – a positive relationship of growth with the precipitation of September. The only site located on the sands showed a different climatic signal than the other chronologies, namely, the dependence on the temperature of August.
Experience with Glacier Calving and Air-Bubbling in High Alpine Water Reservoirs
Authors: Haeberli W.
Published: May 2019

Some observations which pertain to the interaction of ice and lake water in a high alpine environment and which were made in recent years in connection with hydroelectric projects and flood protection work are presented. In 1966, when the thin flat snout of Griesgletscher (Walliser Alpen) became submerged during the first filling of a newly constructed reservoir, waves of only very small amplitude were generated by the calving of a bout 150000 m3 of ice because most of the energy was dissipated by local turbulence. Far more spectacular waves have been experienced near steep ice cliffs in connection with work for flood control. For the design of an air bubbler system, air and water temperatures were measured in winter 1974–75 at Grimselsee, one of the largest reservoirs in the Bernese Alps. These measurements showed that the warmest water at the bottom of the lake was drained away during winter for the production of electricity. A strong temperature invenion forms in the air a bove the water behind the dam, as the lake level is lowered by several tens of metres.
Engineering Properties of Fresh-Water Ice
Authors: Gold L. W.
Published: May 2019

The principal engineering problems requiring knowledge concerning the properties of ice are prediction of the maximum force that ice might exert on a structure and determination of the load that can be placed safely on an ice cover. The properties of ice relevant to these problems are discussed. Particular attention is given to the dependence of Young's modulus on the frequency of the stress, strain-rate dependence of the yield and fracture strengths, and the ductile to brittle transition. It is shown that the strain-rate dependence of these properties is consistent with information on the stress dependence of dislocation velocity on the basal plane. The tensile and compressive strengths are also shown to be consistent with current theories of crack initiation and propagation.
Continuous Monitoring of Metamorphic Changes of Internal Snow Structure as a Tool in Avalanche Studies
Authors: Armstrong Richard L.
Published: May 2019

Relationships between snow structure, climatic factors, and the nature of avalanche events in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado, U.S.A., are analyzed. Physical and mechanical properties of the snow cover have been monitored on a continuous basis by conventional methods as well as through the application of a profiling snow-density gauge. Temperature-gradient metamorphism is the dominant mechanism which determines the character of the local snow structure. Properties unique to well-developed temperature-gradient snow (depth hoar) are discussed. Three specific metamorphic processes are described which contribute to a highly varied and mechanically weak snow structure. Analysis of fracture-line profile data allow general studies of the local snow climate to be compared with the stratigraphy of actual release zones. Fracture-line data support the conclusion that meteorological conditions prevailing at the time of new-snow deposition play a less significant role in the eventual release of slab avalanches than metamorphic processes which influence the snow cover between storm periods. Shear failure zones are consistently composed of weak layers metamorphosed weeks and even months prior to the precipitation event which triggers the release.
Ice Accretions on Structures
Authors: List Roland
Published: May 2019

Three basic areas of ice accretion are discussed: (i) the motion of the (supercooled) droplets in air up to collision with the icing object, (ii) the net growth rates, and (iii) the heat balance of an icing cylinder. The weakness of presently used approaches to establish collision efficiency and possible improvements are outlined. Experimental evidence on the icing of cylinders is then reviewed which establishes that the growth rates by icing are farless than expected because up to 80% and more of the initially accreted water can bounce off or be lost by shedding at air temperatures of –20°C. The reduced growth rates have a considerable effect on the heat balance of the icing object, whose temperature and water-phase mixture are controlled by the temperature and phme of the lost water-substance. These latter properties are completely unknown and require further studies. In conclusion the scientific aspects of icing are far from being understood; empirical findings may have to provide guidance for applications.
Plane-Strain Compressive Strength of Columnar-Grained and Granular-Snow Ice
Authors: Frederking R.
Published: May 2019

An ice cover impinging on a long straight structure is assumed to be under a condition of plane strain. A technique is described for performing plane-strain compression tests, and results are presented for the strain-rate dependence of strength. The plane-strain compressive strength of ice having anisotropic structure (columnar-grained ice) is at least two and a half times the uniaxial compressive strength, whereas the plane-strain compressive strength of ice having an isotropic structure (granular-snow ice) is atmost 25% greater than the uniaxial case. The greater plane-strain compressive strength of columnar-grained ice, when the loading and confining directions are in the plane of the ice cover, can be attributed to its anisotropic structure, which leads to a different failure mechanism for the plane-strain case.
Model Experiments to Determine Ice Forces on Conical Structures
Authors: Edwards R. Y. , Croasdale K. R.
Published: May 2019

Reduced-scale experiments were conducted in 1971 to study the forces experienced by conical structures during encounters with uniformly thick fields of ice. The tests were conducted in a model basin which was designed to test the behavior of ships and floating platforms in ice. A liquid nitrogen spray system was used to produce fields of high-salinity, fine-crystalline, ice which has the properties of elastic modulus and strength scaled down substantially below full-scale values.
Anticancer effects of garlic and garlic-derived bioactive compounds and its potential status as functional food
Authors: Zong Jacky , Martirosyan Danik M.
Published: May 2019

Background: Garlic, or Allium savitum, has long been used to treat various diseases, including cancer. The anticancer effects of garlic are linked to the several garlic-derived organosulfur compounds, such as allicin, ajoene, DAS, DADS, DATS, and SAMC. Animal and in vitro studies have demonstrated that garlic bioactive compounds may prevent cancer through mechanisms such as inducing cell cycle arrest, promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting angiogenesis in different cancer cells. Observational studies, including case-control and cohort studies, have been conducted to confirm the protective effect against colorectal, gastric, and other cancers associated with garlic-derived bioactive compounds and raw garlic consumption, but results have been mixed. Analysis of cell and animal model studies and epidemiological studies using the FDA’s evidence-based review system for health claims and FFC’s proposed standard for evaluating and developing functional food, it has been concluded that garlic cannot yet be considered as a functional food primarily due to the inconclusive data from observational studies and insufficient evidence from randomized clinical trials. Keywords: Garlic, cancer, allicin, bioactive compound, functional food
Armenian fermented milk product Choratan and its influence on gut microbiota in health and pathology
Authors: Kalikyan Zaruhi , Avagyan Vahan , Abrahamyan Astghik , Vardanyan Lusine , Selimyan Alexander , Avagyan Mkrtich
Published: May 2019

Background: Choratan is an ancient Armenian fermented milk product which was recreated as a food supplement by A. Selimyan with the use of innovative technologies. Choratan contains large amounts of active Lactobacillus acidophilus, amino acids, and other bioactive compounds. Material and method: The influence of Choratan on gut microflora was studied in the frame of grant projects through the financing of State Committee of Science of Armenia. One hundred forty-one randomly chosen patients were included in the study with their informed consent. The patients divided into groups by diseases: gastrointestinal, allergic, and diabetes mellitus II type. Healthy patients were included in the fourth group. Bacteriological examinations of faeces were performed on 120 patients before and after Choratan was prescribed with an average dosage of 4-6g a day for 8 weeks. Results: In all the groups, we observed improvements like the increase of normal microflora totally in 63.2%-68.3% and the decrease of conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria totally in 70.3%-100%. The mean amounts of all microorganisms were improved with statistically significant differences. 77.3% of patients noticed improvements in their conditions, which were more visible in healthy and allergic groups (87.1% and 82.4% respectively) and less impressive in patients with gastrointestinal diseases and diabetes (71.9% and 68.2% respectively).Conclusion: From the results, we can conclude Choratan has positive influence on gut microflora and common health statuses. However, these changes depend on the nature of the disease and initial degree of dysbiotic deviations. Accordingly, we encourage more detailed placebo-controlled investigations.Keywords: diseases; fermented foods; probiotics; bioactive food supplement, gut microflora; chronic diseases
The immunological impact of orthomolecular medicine using bioactive compounds as key factors in endometriosis
Authors: Vlachos Alexandros , Vassiliadis Simon
Published: May 2019

Background: Endometriosis, an inflammatory, non-lethal, non-malignant disease, still has unjustified etiology. Among many, the theory dealing with this review claims that a suppressed or incompetent immune system that is totally unable to eradicate the non-hemopoietic mesenchymal endometriotic stem cell (MESC) escapes immune surveillance. As a result, there is migration and invasion of the aforementioned cell to ectopic tissues causing the disease. Keywords: bioactive compounds, functional foods, endometriosis, orthomolecular medicine, mesenchymal endometriotic stem cell (MESC), immune system
Importance of food plants in the prevention and treatment of diabetes in Cameroon
Authors: Tsabang Nole , W. Lionel , Yedjou Clément G. , Tchounwou Paul B.
Published: May 2019

Background: Diabetes is a metabolic pathology that affects the human body’s capacity to produce and use insulin. Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes accounts for 5-10 % of diabetic patients. In Type 2 diabetes the insulin produced by the pancreatic islets is not properly used by cells leading to insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes sometimes occurs in pregnant women and affects about 18 % of all pregnancies. Diabetes is one of the most important multifactorial, metabolic and chronic diseases, with fatal complications. According to the International Diabetes Federation’s estimations in 2015, 415 million people had diabetes. By 2040 this will increase to 642 million. Although many ethnopharmacological surveys have been carried out in several parts of the world, no ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological surveys have been done to identify plants used for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.Objective: This study aimed to collect and document information on food plants’ remedies consumed for preventing and treating diabetes in Cameroon.Methods: Ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological thorough preparation was conducted nearby 1131 interviewers from 58 tribes, in a random distribution. Diabetic patients recorded among the 1,131 people who signed the informed consent and allowed us to evaluate the effectiveness of 10 food plants that they usually used in self-medication. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 was comprised of 42 diabetic patients who regularly consume certain food plants, and Group 2 included 58 patients who were town dwellers and did not regularly eat the identified food plants. Results: It was discovered that the times of onset of diabetes in patients were about 70 years and 45 years in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. Hence, it was demonstrated that the onset of diabetes was linked to consumption of food plants which contributed to the prevention and/or the delay in its clinical manifestations.Conclusion: The results of this study provide a scientific basis for the use of herbal medicines in the management of diabetes. However further investigations and/or clinical trials involving a large number of both type 1 and type 2 diabetics are needed to confirm the therapeutic action of many food plants against diabetes.Keywords: Cameroon, food plants, diabetes, prevention and treatment
Antioxidant properties of high molecular weight compounds from coffee roasting and brewing byproducts
Authors: Iriondo-DeHond Amaia , Ramírez Beatriz , Escobar Francisco Velazquez , Dolores del Castillo María
Published: May 2019

Background: Coffee is one of the main sources of dietary melanoidins. Coffee melanoidins have antioxidant properties and are associated with protective effects against oxidative damage. The aim of this research was to study the potential of melanoidins obtained from coffee byproducts as functional ingredients to improve gastrointestinal health using normal human colon cells. Melanoidins were extracted from two coffee byproducts: coffee silverskin (CSE) and spent coffee grounds (SCG). Extraction was carried out by ultrafiltration using a 10 kDa molecular cut membrane. Safety of raw materials and isolated fractions was studied by microbiological analysis and determination of acrylamide, respectively. Characterization of coffee isolates was assessed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and determination of browning, protein content and antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS and formation of intracellular ROS in human intestinal cells (CCD18 cell line). The high molecular weight (HMW) enriched fraction showed antioxidant capacity and protected intestinal cells against induced oxidative stress. Coffee byproducts generated after the roasting process are a sustainable source of melanoidins that may act as antioxidants and therefore, may have the potential to be used as a functional novel ingredient for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases caused by oxidative stress.Keywords: Coffee byproducts, gastrointestinal health, melanoidins, sustainable health.
Jugend – Konsum – Digitalisierung: Aufwachsen in digitalen Welten
Authors: Tully Claus
Published: May 2019

Der Alltag, nicht nur von Jugendlichen, erweist sich als kommerzialisiert. D.h. viele Handlungen setzen Geld voraus. Konsum ist entkoppelt und ‚flüchtig‘, er befriedigt keine konkreten Bedürfnisse und selbst der Besitz eines Gutes ist nicht mehr vorausgesetzt (z.B. Sharing). Wichtig werden Konsumoptionen. Da greifbare Bezüge verschwinden, muss Pädagogik dazu befähigen Bedingungen und Konsequenzen modernen Konsums auszumachen. Denn mehr denn je formt Konsum den Lebensalltag und unsere Alltagskultur.
Hauswirtschaftliche (Berufs-)Bildung braucht Orientierung am nachhaltigen Mindset
Authors: Michenthaler Johanna , von Laufenberg-Beermann Anne
Published: May 2019

Mit dem ProfESus-Konzept ist es gelungen, aktuelle pädagogische Ansätze mit den Forderungen der Nachhaltigkeitsbildung zu verknüpfen und Unterrichtskonzepte erfolgreich zu implementieren. Lehrkräfte der hauswirtschaftlichen Berufsbildung erhalten konkrete Hinweise für die innovative Gestaltung von Unterricht. Damit können diese einen wesentlichen Beitrag für die Zukunftsfähigkeit der Hauswirtschaft leisten.