bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The main stages of the formation of institutions of state power and law of Ancient China
Authors: Lyzohub Vitaly
Published: December 2021

The article is devoted to the generalizing given the principles of power, management and development of law, formed at the initial stage of the formation of Chinese civilization. The chronological framework of the origin of the Chinese civilization in the ancient period and the main periods of the history of Ancient China are determined. The main features of the despotic form of government, the stages of the feudal hierarchy and the hierarchy of higher dignitaries, the principle of transferring the main political and legal principles from one dynasty to another, the importance of the reforms of Shang Yang and Wang Man in the process of strengthening the central government are analyzed.
Against the background of the study of significant monographic literature, conclusions were drawn about the formation of the Qin Empire as a pivotal event in the history of Ancient China. The lack of balance in the repressive and permissive policy caused widespread discontent among the masses and a wave of large-scale peasant uprisings, which from time to time destroyed the power of the dynasties. The consequence was the political disintegration of Ancient China. The key idea around which the state and law are formed is the idea of harmony between heaven, earth and people and the observance of natural laws. It is from the period of the ancient Chinese dynasties that the doctrine of Confucianism has been the foundation of the Chinese society and has become a kind of quintessence of Chinese civilization.
Corporate Criminal Liability Not Fulfill the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Authors: Efendi Jonaedi , Rijadi Prasetijo
Published: December 2021

This research aimed to review a corporate action which contains the elements of a criminal act that do not fulfill the rights of Persons with Disabilities and liability as stated in Constitutions Number 8 of 2016 concerning Persons with Disabilities. This research using normative law method, the approach that used is statute and conceptual approach. This research shows that the elements of corporate actions that have implications for criminal acts in this law are actions of corporate management acting on behalf of the corporation or the policies of the corporation that have ignored or prohibited persons with disabilities from obtaining their rights as stated in the law. The corporation accountability in Constitution Number 8 of 2016 concerning disability person there are 2 kinds, administrative sanctions and second, cumulative criminal sanctions, namely in the form of imprisonment and fines. Whereas, the concept of criminal liability against corporations used in this law is the corporation as a responsible policy maker and administrator, in the sense that the criminal act according to this law is violated by the corporation, the corporate management will be responsible according to the cumulative criminal sanctions contained in the law.
Theoretical and applied problems of counteracting organized groups and criminal organizations that are formed on an ethnic basis in Asia, Africa and Australia
Authors: Sevruk V. G.
Published: December 2021

Formation by the Ukrainian state of a multi-vector mechanism of counteraction to organized groups and criminal organizations formed on an ethnic basis is impossible without understanding the essence of this problem, relevant statutory concepts and classification and separation of features of organized ethnic crime, which are important for law enforcement and the main effective factor in such activities is to guarantee the security of citizens and the integrity of the state from criminal encroachments of organized groups and criminal organizations that are formed on an ethnic basis. It is stated that today among domestic scientists there are no comprehensive studies of organized groups and criminal organizations, which are formed on an ethnic basis. At the same time, such comprehensive studies are absent in European and American. researchers. Although the latter have positive isolated changes in this area. The main attention and efforts of researchers are attracted to large-scale organized ethnic groups.
Based on a comparative legal study of foreign experience in Asia, Africa and Australia in combating crimes committed by organized groups and criminal organizations formed on an ethnic basis, the possibilities of introducing positive foreign experience in the work of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine have been identified. It is noted that the importance of our scientific intelligence, first of all, is that in practice, law enforcement agencies engaged in combating organized groups and criminal organizations that are formed on an ethnic basis, had the opportunity to have an idea of ​​this negative phenomenon. The article also emphasizes the peculiarities of collecting, analyzing, accumulating and storing information exchange for its convenient and effective use by law enforcement agencies of different countries in detecting, documenting and investigating crimes committed by organized groups and criminal organizations formed on an ethnic basis.
Claiming for recovery of funds and (or) property of others: search for legislative compromise and review of law enforcement practice
Authors: Uhrynovska O. I.
Published: December 2021

In the light of extremely low level of enforcement of court decisions in Ukraine, the formation of effective legal instruments of coercive judgment enforcement measures is getting particularly important. One of the most effective ways to protect the interests of the claimant, which increases the effectiveness of execution of a court decision of a property nature and expands the possibilities of enforcement proceedings, is to claim for recovery of money and (or) property of others. This legal institution allows the enforcement of money and (or) property of another person who is not a party to the enforcement proceedings, but either holds the property or has a debt to the debtor.
The article describes the issue of legislative uncertainty of the procedural status of another person whose property and (or) funds are being recovered and formulates ways to resolve it. A number of collisions between the Civil and Commercial Procedural Codes and the Law of Ukraine “On Enforcement Proceedings” were revealed in terms of legal regulation of the institution of claim for recovery of property of others, in particular in terms of seizure of funds of a person in debt to the debtor. It is proposed to resolve the identified collisions in favor of procedural codes. The legal nature of the arrest, which is imposed on the money of another person in the recovery procedure, is determined. On the example of case law, the discretionary power of the court in considering claims for recovery of funds of a person who owes money to the debtor are analyzed, and the incompleteness of the legislative list of grounds for refusal to satisfy the application for recovery is stated. Attention is drawn to the imperfection of the procedural codes in terms of regulating the possibility to appeal to Court of Appeal and Court of Cassation judgements issued as a result of consideration of claims for recovery of funds of a person who has debts to the debtor. Through the prism of law enforcement practice, the subject of proof in the consideration of applications for recovery of funds of persons who have debts to the debtor and clarifies the distribution of the burden of proof in this category of cases.
The legal nature of fiduciary duty in civil law of Ukraine
Authors: Urazova H. O.
Published: December 2021

The variety of fiduciary legal relations in the civil law of Ukraine requires the study of their individual elements, in particular, the fiduciary duty. Therefore the purpose of this article is to clarify the legal nature of the fiduciary duty, in order to avoid legal uncertainty, which leads to difficulties in law enforcement and, as a result, ineffective legal protection of violated rights of a person due to non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of such an obligation in relation to her.Analyzed such concepts as "fides", "fiducia", duty in civil law. It has been established that the first, respectively, in Roman law had several meanings, but the main thing is the trust of the participants in civil relations to each other. The second have to understood as the proper behavior of the subject of civil relations, the content and model of which are determined by the requirements of the rule of law, the will or persons authorized by the transaction or other legal facts.It was found that the fiduciary duty is the proper behavior of the subject of a trust relationship, due to the conclusion of certain agreements (for example, commissions, property management, joint activities, the provision of lawyer services, etc.), or the occurrence of legal facts (election of a body or person of a legal entity, who (who) has the right to act on her behalf, the establishment of guardianship or trusteeship, the death of an individual, etc.).
Concepts of state formation of the era national liberation competition (1917–1920)
Authors: Yermolaiev V. N.
Published: December 2021

The article considers the concepts of state formation of the era of national liberation struggles (1917–1920) – M. Hrushevsky, V. Vynnychenko, M. Tugan-Baranovsky, P. Skoropadsky, S. Petliura, S. Dnistryansky. They are based on the ideas of building a sovereign, democratic, parliamentary republic (UPR) or an alternative hetman Ukrainian state or a democratic state governed by the rule of law (ZUNR). They enriched the state and legal thought, theoretical models of Ukrainian statehood, accumulated the program principles of political parties and public organizations. The short duration of the existence of the UPR and ZUNR does not cancel out the fruitful state-building experience of its leaders and people, democratic law-making. labor monarchy "(V. Lypynsky), parliamentary-presidential republic as a democratic, legal, social state (S. Dnistryansky).
Particular attention is paid to the political journalism of M. Hrushevsky and V. Vynnychenko, the constitutional projects of domestic statesmen. They are based on a short but fruitful state-building experience, hopes for a real prospect of establishing Ukrainian national statehood with the support of the international community. The article draws attention to the simplified idea of ​​some researchers about the "federalism" of M. Hrushevsky and other figures of the Central Council, the main reasons for its fall, the impact of geopolitical factors on state-building processes in Ukraine, which is a violation of methodological principles of historicism and objectivity. The positive potential of state formation in 1917–1920 and its unresolved theoretical and practical problems will remain an instructive example for current and future domestic statesmen.
Peculiarities of labor of medical and pharmaceutical workers: a comparative analysis of legislations of Kazakhstan and some OECD countries
Authors: Galiakbarova Guzal Gazinurovna
Published: December 2021

This article discusses some issues of labor regulation of medical and pharmaceutical workers, the peculiarities of health systems in some countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, a comparative analysis of their experience and Kazakhstan is carried out.
The specificity of the legal status of medical and pharmaceutical workers is also considered, which is explained by the fact that its regulation is based not only on general norms of labor law, but also on special regulations affecting various features of the activities of this category of workers. At the same time, it is noted that the basis of the legislative regulation of the work of medical and pharmaceutical workers is the generally recognized principles and norms of international law, as well as the norms of national legislation. 
The article focuses on the fact that among the variety of sources concerning the legal status of various categories of workers, there is no separate comprehensive study devoted to the peculiarities of legal regulation of both medical and pharmaceutical workers, in connection with which the chosen topic of scientific research is updated.
The (Un)governable City: Productive Failure in the Making of Colonial Delhi, 1858-1911 by Raghav Kishore
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of English, Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, University of Delhi., Mukherjee Nilanjana
Published: December 2021

Delhi has always been a crucible of political disquiet, and the seat of manifold state and aesthetic desires to order, control and design the city. Even at this moment, we find ourselves before a ubiquitous impulse to change the appearance of the city through the Central Vista Project which proposes to cater to needs of increase in government office space. There are layers to the city and obvious enough, it is not monolithic. The vestiges and architectural remnants of subsequent ages narrate the relentless saga of power, domination and settlement. A historical analysis of the spatial structures reflects the reasons behind its physical organization. To talk about colonial designs within this very broad spectrum is but, only a brief moment in a longue duree of human settlement in this region. Yet, it is necessary to understand the spatial synchrony, for much of it is what we have inherited today and this is what shapes our experiences of this city even at present. Raghav Kishore’s The (Un)governable City (2020), makes an intervention in this corpus of historical analysis with his impeccable research and endless forays into the archives. This is a welcome addition to studies in the field of urban development of Delhi, with Pilar Maria Guerrieri’s Maps of Delhi (2017) being one precursor, which painstakingly curates maps of Delhi from the precolonial times, to the modern municipal Master Plans to contemporary digital mappings. Kishore unearths curious details from local sources and twines those with debates among colonial policy makers and personnel to highlight issues of political ideology, statecraft and governmentality. This volume juxtaposes notions of policing, control and accessibility with debates and discussions on sanitation, traffic, communication, railways and the building of military cantonments, which are significant if we think of the British rule in India as a garrison state, heavily dependent on the easy mobility of its military forces. The success of the control was conditional on the ability to gather up huge military forces to curb parallel sporadic outbursts at their very onset. The broadening of roads, regulation of quarters and delimiting encroachments and concerns over connectivity, were carefully thought out strategisations towards the goal of containment and territorialisation.
American Dream Revisited: A Media Discourse Representation in Cognitive-linguistic Perspective
Authors:   National Linguistic University, Kyiv, Ukraine., Lyubymova Svitlana
Published: December 2021

Considered in cognitive-linguistic perspective, “American Dream” is a represented in media discourse stereotype that embodies ideal of happiness in a prosperous democratic society. The research methodology rests on the premise of cognitive-linguistic approach to study of sociocultural stereotypes, which are seen as complex phenomena of social and cultural experience, manifested in behavioural, material, and verbal codes. Methodological tools of discursive and corpus analysis proved the variability of meaning of the stereotype. In the course of time, it shows semantic changes, conditioned by socio-economic and cultural factors. Empirical study eventuates in distinguishing three periods that correlate with transformation of the stereotype. The period of formation outlines the ideal of freedom and equality. The next period, which started in the 1950s, manifested changes toward obtaining happiness only in virtue of wealth. In recent years, “American Dream” is being associated more with freedom of choice than mere financial success.
Silence, Satire and Empathy: Reading Appupen’s Topoi in His Wordless Graphic Narratives
Authors:   Assistant Professor of English, Sarojini Naidu College for women, Kolkata 700028 & Research Scholar, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur, Mondal Kabita , Banerjee Joydeep ,   Associate Professor of English, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur
Published: December 2021

The projection of the incongruities of contemporary times through the frame of satire is a powerful instrument in the genre of comics and graphic narratives and in Indian graphic literature as well. Mendiburo-Seguel and Heintz (2020) explain eight Comic Style Markers (CSM) in Latin-American cultures, and satire, a “darker style”, is one of them. The paper aims to conceptualise how Appupen’s wordless graphic narratives Moonward: Stories from Halahala (2009), Legends of Halahala (2013), Aspyrus: A Dream of Halahala (2014) and The Snake and the Lotus: A Halahala Adventure (2018) register black satire against society, politics, religion, industrialization, consumerism, advertisement and so on and how they prove to play the role of “corrective humour” (Ruch and Heintz, 2016). This paper attempts to explore how the “author-artist’s” (Aldama, 2010) fantastical and dystopic graphic narratives, excoriate social and political issues to create a unique aesthetic of thoughtful critical writing in graphic mode, thereby collectively contributing to the interdisciplinary studies of fantasy and dystopia and helping to proliferate the genre of Indian Comics and graphic narratives as well. Moreover, as “satire had a moral goodness that was lacking in sarcasm and cynicism” (Ruch, Heintz, Platt, Wagner, and Proyer, 2018), this essay argues what kind of empathic feeling, perspective sharing and cognitive overlap Appupen cultivates in these four narratives and develops their moral, aesthetic and humane tenacity. The article discusses Appupen’s satire as a vehicle by which he prudently moulds empathy with the reader to convey the intrinsic values of the texts.
A Heterogeneous Character – Opera, Circus and Kitsch in Filip Bajon’s Film Aria for an Athlete
Authors: Tomczyk Izabela
Published: December 2021

Analysing Filip Bajon’s film Aria for an Athlete, the author focuses on the relationship between opera and circus, paying attention primarily to their interrelationship and not the differences. According to the author, the category common to both types of performance is kitsch. Any kind of art has in its history a phase of kitsch, yet what is derived from the kitsch can become the beginning of art. While describing the coexistence of opera and circus, the author makes a study of three characters in the film: Władysław Góralewicz, Max the clown and the tenor Baptisto Messalini. In her opinion, these representatives of the world of circus and the opera, respectively, have a number of attributes that allow to assigning them the culture which is alien to them. Max, a circus clown, elevates kitsch, but also shows a duality of nature of both commedia dell’arte and film, Góralewicz, the artist- -wrestler rooted in the circus, longs for the opera, the singer Messalini, whose profession is to create culture, brings kitsch to life.
Theatre on the Water. The Aquatic Element in Contemporary Polish Theatre
Authors: Kostaszuk-Romanowska Monika
Published: December 2021

In view of theatrical performances, water is not only an important cultural trajectory, but also an attractive, though very particular, stage material. The author draws attention to the ambivalent character of water as an element of the spectacle. Water identifies the very essence of theatricality, which consists of the constant oscillation between illusion and reality. The effect of real water – limited by technical restrictions and in effect artificial to some extent – has an unquestionable value in the spectacle. The author recalls selected performances whose creators chose large-scale solutions and introduced a large amount of water to the stage. In this way, she shows how they create the symbolic value of aquatic motives, how they use their semantic and sensual potential in the process of translating the cultural connotations of water into signs and meanings of a particular show.
Mineralogical and petrographical characterization of the Vizcaya, Octubrina and Gabi veins from the Zaruma-Portovelo gold epithermal ore deposit (Ecuador)
Authors: Berrezueta Edgar , Ordóñez-Casado Berta , Espinoza-Santos Catherine , Loayza-Ramírez Johnny , Carrión-Mero Paul , Morante-Carballo Fernando , Bonilla Wilson
Published: December 2021

Ore petrography through optical microscopy and electron microprobe analysis (EMPA) can be applied to the characterization of ore deposits, allowing accurate and representative information on the evolutionary sequences of mineral phases (paragenesis). In this studywork mineralogical and petrographical characteristics of three veins (Vizcaya, Octubrina and Gabi) of the Zaruma-Portovelo hydrothermal deposit (Ecuador) have been studied. The main objective of this research was to identify and quantify the ore minerals present in the polished section studied by optical microscopy and EPM, and to correlate the data obtained with the previously defined paragenetic evolution. In addition, the systematics we describe is revealed as an appropriate method for the characterization and basic knowledge of the mineralized areas. The mineralogical characterization was completed by scanning electron microscopy, optical image analysis and X-ray diffraction. The results have provided us with allowed: i) the identification and quantification of gold, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena, pyrite, hematite, chalcocite, covellite and tetrahedrite in the polished sections of the veins studied; ii) the characterization of the mineral associations as a complement to the previous studies of the mineral paragenesis of the deposit and indicative in the geometallurgy of the deposit. The mineralogical and ore petrographical characterization of the ores represent the basis of knowledge to understand the characterization of the mineral deposit and, in addition, improve the processing of the mineral of interest.
Drying of filtered tailings in contact with the atmosphere
Authors: Rodari Germán , Oldecop Luciano A.
Published: December 2021

Filtered tailings technology enables the separation and reuse of part of the water from solid waste, before its disposal. The filtered tailings can be piled in a stack, avoiding the need for a dam. The behavior of such deposits depends on the degree of saturation of the tailings at the closure stage. This paper proposes a conceptual model describing the processes and variables determining the evolution of the water content and the degree of saturation throughout the construction of the deposit. We have obtained data from the Casposo mine (San Juan, Argentina) and this has been analysed to study, on the one hand the drying process while the tailings remain exposed to the atmosphere and, on the other hand, the consolidation process under the load imposed by subsequent layers. The concept of target water content at the moment of covering the tailings under the next layers is only useful if its variability is taken into account. This can be characterized, for the case studied, as a normally distributed random variable. The concept of saturation water content is defined as the value that will cause saturation of the tailings when subjected to the maximum vertical stress. This is also a normally distributed variable. By comparing both variables, the probability of reaching saturation in a layer located at a certain depth is computed. This allows us to evaluate if the degree of saturation by the end of the construction will be within the desirable range. It also provides a tool to analyse and adjust the design.
Malnutrition could Predict 3-month Functional Prognosis in Mild Stroke Patients: Findings from a Nationwide Stroke Registry
Authors: Qin Haiqiang , Wang Anxin , Zuo Yingting , Zhang Yaqing , Yang Bo , Wei Na , Zhang Jing
Published: December 2021

Background:

Previous studies showed the inconsistent effects of malnutrition contributing to poor prognosis of stroke. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of malnutrition on 3-month functional prognosis of stroke patients with different stroke severity assessed by the national institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS). Patients with first-ever stroke were consecutively enrolled in a nationwide, multicenter, and prospective registry from March 2007 to January 2008.

Methods:

Nutritional status was assessed at admission. Malnutrition was defined by any abnormality of 6 nutrition indicators, including body mass index (BMI), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), haemoglobin, albumin, and prealbumin. Stroke patients were classified into mild (NIHSS<8) and severe (NIHSS≥8) groups. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the risk of poor functional prognosis [ modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ≥3] and mortality at 3-month follow-up in mild or severe patients with malnutrition at admission. A total of 755 patients with first-ever stroke were enrolled in the study.

Results:

Multivariable analysis showed that malnutrition independently contributed to a higher risk of mRS 3-6 at 3-month for mild stroke patients [odds ratio (OR) 1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04-3.34], but didn’t for severe stroke patients (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.53-1.54) after adjusting for confounders including age, NIHSS, and infection et al. After adjusting for the potential confounders, malnutrition was still an independent risk factor for 3-month poor functional prognosis in mild stroke patients.

Conclusion:

Further investigation may be needed to illustrate the effects of improving nutritional status on stroke patients.
Vaccination Opportunities in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with
Cladribine Tablets
Authors: Furlan Roberto , Moiola Lucia , Riva Agostino , Nicoletti Ferdinando , Uccelli Antonio , Salvetti Marco , Battistini Luca
Published: December 2021

:

COVID 19 pandemic and mass vaccination campaigns have revealed the situation of the
most vulnerable patients. In this work, we focused our attention to patients who have Multiple Sclerosis
(MS), particularly in treatment with cladribine tablets, trying to understand if and when it is
possible to administer the vaccine successfully. In light of the novel topic, we studied the existing
literature and analysed experiences with previous vaccinations, such as influenza and VZV, as well
as data from countries where vaccination campaigns had already begun. Overall, we have taken into
account the mechanism of action, the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic of cladribine, and the
changes in the immune system after its administration, together with the preliminary data about the
humoral response to influenza, VZV, and SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations in cladribine treated patients.
In conclusion, data showed that the use of cladribine tablets seems to permit flexibility regarding
vaccination timing and we suggest that vaccination in those patients should be safe and effective.
The current COVID 19 pandemic has re-ignited the interest in vaccines and vaccination procedures.
The importance of including fragile individuals has increased as a result of mass vaccination.
Millions of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) around the world are debating whether they
can safely receive their vaccine shot with the same efficacy despite receiving immune-modulating
or immune-suppressive treatments. In the absence of conclusive empirical data, we will review and
discuss the available evidence and the reasonable conclusions for one specific treatment, namely
cladribine tablets (Mavenclad).
Natural Product-based Nanomedicine: Recent Advances and Issues for the
Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Lin Teoh Seong , Woon Choy Ker , Hui Wong Kah , Abas Razif , Haron Muhammad Huzaimi , Das Srijit
Published: December 2021

:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects the elderly and is characterized by progressive neurodegeneration
caused by different pathologies. The most significant challenges in treating AD include
the inability of medications to reach the brain because of its poor solubility, low bioavailability,
and the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, current evidence suggests the
disruption of BBB plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. One of the critical challenges
in treating AD is the ineffective treatments and their severe adverse effects. Nanotechnology offers
an alternative approach to facilitate the treatment of AD by overcoming the challenges in drug
transport across the BBB. Various nanoparticles (NP) loaded with natural products were reported to
aid in drug delivery for the treatment of AD. The nano-sized entities of NP are great platforms for
incorporating active materials from natural products into formulations that can be delivered effectively
to the intended action site without compromising the material's bioactivity. The review highlights
the applications of medicinal plants, their derived components, and various nanomedicinebased
approaches for the treatment of AD. The combination of medicinal plants and nanotechnology
may lead to new theragnostic solutions for the treatment of AD in the future.
Colchicine Induced Mutation in Nigella sativa Plant for the Assessment of Morpho-Physiological and Biochemical Parameter Vis-A-Vis In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Gupta Garima , Memon Anjuman Gul , Pandey Brijesh , Khan Mohd Sajid , Iqbal Mohammed Shariq , Srivastava Janmejai Kumar
Published: December 2021

Background:

Nigella sativa (NS), an herbaceous medicinal plant recognized for its diverse beneficial applications as a spice and traditional medicine.

Objective:

The present study was targeted to explore the antioxidant potential of Nigella sativa in response to colchicine-induced mutation. The stress condition brought due to mutation may affect the medicinal value (anti-inflammatory activity) of the plant.

Method:

Nigella sativa seeds were imperiled to colchicine treatment at various concentrations viz. 0.00625, 0.0125, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1% subjected for analysis.

Result:

The colchicine treated plant (polyploid/ mutant) at 0.025% concentrations showed significant variation at morpho-physiological and biochemical level with respect to control (p value < 0.05). At the morphological level, the plant showed enlargement of shoot length (33.760±2.295mm), root length (13.546±1.535 mm), and leaf area (22.836±1.524 mm2). The analysis of seeds showed enhanced seeds per pod (49.333±4.163), weight of seeds (2.810±0.010g), length (3.133±0.089mm), and width (1.123±0.044mm) when compared with control. The physiological parameters also showed significant enhancement for stomatal index (35.456±4.751%), chlorophyll A (9.053±0.865 µg/gfw), chlorophyll B (4.990±0.763 µg/gfw), and total carotene content (773.190±5.906 µg/gfw). However, the fresh weight/ dry weight ratio (10.738±3.031) was found to be deprived. Furthermore, biochemical parameters viz. total flavonoid (seeds 1.973±0.134; plant 1.703 ± 0.064 mg eqv QE/g of tissue), total phenolic (seeds 15.690±1.495; plant 8.220±0.070 mg eqv GA/g of tissue), total carotene (seeds nil; plant 773.190±5.906 µg/gfw), and total antioxidant (seeds 0.445±0.102; plant 0.386±0.010 mM eqv AA/g tissue) were significantly elevated at 0.025% of colchicine treatment. When the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was targeted, a significant escalation was observed for inhibition of albumin denaturation (97.466±2.835%), proteinase inhibitory activity (62.290±6.475%), heat-induced hemolysis (89.873±3.533%), hypotonicity induced hemolysis (92.572±3.527%), anti-lipoxygenase activity (96.010±3.098%), and cyclooxygenase inhibitory activity (68.296±3.920%) at 500µg/mL concentration of extract.

Conclusion:

Thus, it can be concluded that 0.025% of colchicine can induce significant (p value < 0.05) mutation in the Nigella sativa plant, which may lead to alterations at morpho-physiological and biochemical levels. Such treatment induces stress in the plant and leads to elevated antioxidant levels. This in turn elevates the therapeutic potential of the plant. Hence, our study is a novel and open-ended finding to explore various other medical properties of the plant with respect to colchicine-induced mutation.
Burn Care in the Era of Rapid Enzymatic Debridement: Challenging the Dogma that Healing Beyond 21 Days Results in Hypertrophic Scarring
Authors: Rosenberg Lior , Shoham Yaron , Monstrey Stan , Hoeksema Henk , Goverman Jeremy , Hickerson William , Mataro Ilaria , Singer Adam J.
Published: December 2021

Deep burns are characterized by the presence of a necrotic eschar that delays healing and results in a local and systemic inflammatory response and following healing by secondary intention: heavy scarring. Early surgical debridement followed by grafting was a major advance in deep burn care and is now the standard of care, reducing mortality and hypertrophic scarring. Eschars have alternatively been managed by non-surgical, autolytic debridement, which often results in infection-inflammation, slow epithelialization, granulation tissue formation and subsequent scarring. Studies based on these traditional approaches have demonstrated an association between delayed wound closure (beyond 21 days) and scarring. Early enzymatic debridement with NexoBrid (NXB) followed by appropriate wound care is a novel minimally invasive modality that challenges the well-accepted dictum of a high risk of hypertrophic scarring associated with wound closure that extends beyond 21 days. This is not surprising since early and selective removal of only the necrotic eschar often leaves enough viable dermis and skin appendages to allow healing by epithelialization over the dermis. In the absence of necrotic tissue, healing is similar to epithelialization of clean dermal wounds (like many donor sites) and not healing by the secondary intention that is based on granulation tissue formation and subsequent scarring. If and when granulation islands start to appear on the epithelializing dermis, they and the inflammatory response generally can be controlled by short courses (1-3 days) of topically applied low strength corticosteroid ointments minimizing the risk of hypertrophic scarring, albeit with wound closure delayed beyond the magic number of 21 days. Results from multiple studies and field experience confirm that while deep burns managed with early enzymatic debridement often require more than 21 days to reepithelialize, long-term cosmetic results are at least as good as with excision and grafting.
The Journey of Deinococcus radiodurans; A Perspective
Authors: Baldodiya Gajendra Mohan
Published: December 2021

:

Deinococcus radiodurans has been recognized for its robustness and recorded in the
Guinness Book of World Records as the world's toughest known bacterium. In essence, the title
comes from its ability to survive extreme conditions such as severe drought (desiccation) and radiation
tolerance up to 15000 Gy, which is more than 250 times of E. coli and about 3000 times of humans.
Due to its high tolerance to all kinds of genotoxic stress, such as desiccation, UV, X-rays,
and oxidants, D. radiodurans is a well-suited model organism for microbial radiation resistance
studies. The DNA damage-responsive gene expression is an important component of post-stress recovery
where the cell shows a great multiplicity of genomes leading to the highly proficient recombinational
DNA repair. This article pitches light on the unique properties of D. radiodurans, unfolding
its journey so far as well as important molecular discoveries, prospects, and biotechnological
applications.
Reducing the Fire Hazard of Wooden Structures
Authors: Gazizov A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Increasing the fire resistance of wooden structures is relevant because of their increased flammability. The article describes an experimental study using NEOMID flame retardant paint and silica powder as a flame retardant for wooden structures. According to the results of the experiment, a group of fire-retardant effectiveness of the tested fire-retardant composition was established with different methods of its use.
Effect of UV-Irradiation and Ozone Exposure on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of PLA/LDPE Films
Authors: Podzorova M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The mechanical properties of polymer composites based on polylactide vary significantly over a wide range of values. It has been established that photodegradation of low-density polyethylene – polylactide blends occurs both in the amorphous and in the crystalline phase of the PLA matrix, which leads to deterioration of the mechanical properties of the studied mixtures. Ozonolysis affects the strength parameters of polylactide-polyethylene samples as well as photodegradation. By the differential scanning calorimetry it is determined that the melting point of polylactide decreases by 2-4 °C, the glass transition temperature - by 1-3 °C, while the degree of crystallinity increases by 3-6%. In the process of ozonolysis, the thermophysical characteristics of PLA/LDPE have changed.
Estimating the Cost of Improving Quality in Production Dry Building Mixtures
Authors: Loganina V.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Provides information about the cost model associated with improving product quality. On the example of dry building mixtures, the issues of statistical quality management are considered. The cost model takes into account the cost of reducing the bias and variance of raw materials.
Nitriding of High Speed Steel for Improvement of Tools Resistance
Authors: Petrova L.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the gas nitriding process, which makes it possible to obtain high-quality diffusion layers in high-speed steel M2 on the basis of an internal nitriding zone without a brittle nitride zone. The results of studies of the nitrided steel phase composition with a change of the saturating atmosphere during dilution of ammonia by hydrogen are presented. An increase in the resistance of the nitrided tool when drilling structural steel is shown, which is associated with the dispersion hardening of the internal nitriding zone with tungsten nitrides.
Investigation of the Influence of Direct Metal Deposition Modes on Microstructure and Formation of Defects in Samples of Heat Resistant Alloy
Authors: Balyakin A.V.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The article discusses the influence of technological modes of the DMD method on the macro- and microstructure of a heat-resistant nickel-based alloy to use this technology for heat-resistant materials in the manufacture of parts for combustion chambers in gas turbine plants.
Influence of Pressing Temperature on Wood Properties
Authors: Romanenko M.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. Obtaining wood with high performance properties on the basis of chemical and mechanical action as a result of optimization of technological processes and the use of temperature exposure. The initial raw material is hardwood (aspen, alder), which are little used in construction and in the production of finishing materials. The condition for obtaining wood with high operating properties (increasing density, strength, reducing water saturation, ensuring the dimensional stability of samples for a long time) is the ability of wood as a natural polymer to change properties under the combined effect of temperature and pressure.
Influence of Grain Shape in Grinding Wheels on the Machining Quality of Bearing Rings
Authors: Korotkov A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The quality of grinding of bearing races is related to their performance and durability. The aim of this work is to establish how the machining quality of bearing rings depends on the characteristics of grinding wheels, in particular, on such a parameter as the shape of abrasive grains. Several batches of experimental grinding wheels were made, containing grains of different shapes (from isometric to lamellar varieties). Quantitatively, the shape of the grains was estimated by the shape factor parameter (SF), which is equal to the ratio of the diameters of inscribed and circumscribed circles in the contours of the used grains. The shape factor was determined using a scanner or a digital microscope and a special computer program. The tests were carried out on circular, plunge, and finishing grinding, using coolant, on a SIW 4E machine in a bearing factory. The machining quality of the bearing rings was assessed by studying the microstructure, microhardness and roughness of their bearing races. The durability of grinding wheels was determined by the number of machined rings before maximum tool wear. It has been established that by a differentiated approach to the choice of grain shapes in the wheel, it is possible to significantly increase its operational capabilities: increase the microhardness of the ground surfaces, reduce the roughness of processing, and increase the durability of grinding wheels.
Improving the Thermal Fatigue Strength of Hot-Working Tools by Laser Treatment
Authors: Chichenev N.A.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. A method for increasing the thermal fatigue strength of a tool used in hot forming of bearing rings by applying circular laser tracks to the working surfaces is considered. Laser treatment is carried out with a power of 2.0...2.5 kW by applying on the end face working surface of the tool in the direction from the center to the periphery of the circular tracks with a common center coinciding with the center of the circumference of the end face; the tool is rotated at a constant angular rate, the spot diameter ds for each track is selected according to the dependence ds,i+1/ds,i = 0.85...0.90, and the laser radiation spots of adjacent tracks have a common point of contact. The results of pilot testing are presented, which confirmed the high technical and economic efficiency of the use of laser quenching for ejectors and punches. A tool made by machining, for example, an ejector of an AMP-70 automatic press, is subjected to volume quenching and tempering. The ejector material was steel 3Kh3M3F, quenching temperature in oil – 1030...1050 °С, tempering temperature – 580...610 °С. After volume quenching, additional machining is carried out, usually grinding, in order to remove the decarbonized layer of material formed during heat treatment and to give the working surface the required roughness class. The final stage in the tool manufacturing is the quenching of its working surface by laser treatment. Pilot testing showed that the use of laser treatment made it possible to increase the durability of ejectors of various types by 2 ... 3 times, of deforming punches – by 2.2 times.
Детерминизм локального атомного упорядочения в монослоях золота в формировании их электронной структуры
Authors: Карбовский В.Л. , Романский А.А. , Карбовская Л.И. , Стонис В.В.
Published: December 2021

The total and partial densities of electronic states of gold monolayer structures of different symmetry are calculated by the quantum mechanical calculations methods in the DFT approximation.
It is shown that the first coordination sphere is determinant in the formation of the fine structure and the extent of the valence bands of the monolayer gold structures under study. The peaks splitting of the TDOS curve, which leads to its finer structure, is influenced not only by the lengths of interatomic bonds but also by the mutual arrangement of atoms.
The influence of long-range interactions on the electronic structure of gold monolayers has been established. For example, for the (110) plane, a change in the atomic ordering in the third coordination sphere as a result of the introduction of a vacancy leads to noticeable changes in the TDOS curve, which indicates either a significant role of the atoms of the third coordination sphere or a significant redistribution of the interaction of d-orbitals of different symmetries of close neighbours.
A correlation between the packing density, as well as the number of neighbours in the first coordination sphere, and the width of the energy band of gold monolayers has been established.
Радиационная обработка краев трещины сверхпроводящего слоя при реставрации ВТСП-ленты
Authors: Подливаев А.И. , Руднев И.А.
Published: December 2021

Numerically, within the framework of the critical state model, the density of superconducting currents in a second-generation HTSC tape based on GdBa2Cu3O7-x is determined. It is shown that during the restoration of the transverse crack of the superconducting layer by shunting the crack with a piece of defect-free tape, the critical current of the restored area decreases by ~ 8%. It is shown that preliminary irradiation of the crack edges with ions of hydrogen, helium, neon, and oxygen makes it possible to restore the initial value of the critical current. The calculation of the effect of radiation on a superconducting tape was carried out using the SRIM software package
Расчеты из первых принципов и экспериментальное исследование методом спектральной эллипсометрии электронных свойств монокристаллов CdGa-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-S-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-
Authors: Джахангирли З.А. , Мамедова И.А. , Гусейнова Ш.Т. , Керимова Т.Г. , Сеидов Р.Г. , Мамедов Н.Т. , Абдуллаев Н.А.
Published: December 2021

Электронные свойства монокристаллов CdGa2S4 исследованы экспериментально с использованием спектральной эллипсометрии, а также теоретически из первых принципов с использованием теории функционала плотности (DFT). С помощью эллипсометрических исследований в интервале энергий 0.7-6.5 eV определены мнимые и действительные части диэлектрической функции вдоль и перпендикулярно оптической оси, дисперсия коэффициентов преломления, экстинкции и поглощения. Оценена ширина прямой запрещенной зоны. Зонная структура, происхождение энергетических состояний, оптические функции и проецированные на атомы парциальные плотности состояний (PDoS) определены расчетами из первых принципов. Теоретически рассчитанные результаты сравнены с экспериментальными данными настоящей работы, полученными методом спектральной эллипсометрии. Ключевые слова: спектральная эллипсометрия, эллипсометрические углы, диэлектрическая функция, коэффициент преломления, коэффициент экстинкции, зона Бриллюэна, зонная структура.
Структурный переход и температурные зависимости коэффициентов теплового расширения NaNO-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-, внедренного в нанопористое стекло
Authors: Набережнов А.А. , Алексеева О.А. , Кудрявцева А.В. , Чернышов Д.Ю. , Вергентьев Т.Ю. , Фокин А.В.
Published: December 2021

The temperature evolution of the crystal structure of a nanocomposite material obtained by introducing sodium nitrate NaNO3 from a melt under pressure into a nanoporous alkali borosilicate glass with an average pore diameter of 7 nm has been studied by the method of diffraction of synchrotron radiation in a wide temperature range upon heating. Analysis of the experimental diffraction patterns revealed a significant decrease in the temperature of the structural (orientational) transition by more than 50 K (up to 496 K) compared to bulk sodium nitrate. From the temperature dependence of the intensity of the superstructure peak (113), the dependence of the critical exponent β (T) for this transition was obtained and a significant difference from the critical exponent for a bulk material was found in the temperature range from 455 K to the transition temperature. Analysis of the broadening of Bragg reflections made it possible to estimate the average size (~ 40 nm) of sodium nitrate nanoparticles into the pores. An increase in the linear coefficient of thermal expansion in the [001] direction was found in NaNO3 nanoparticles in comparison with bulk material at temperatures above 450 K.