bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recontextualização do Texto da Política de Inclusão de Estudantes com Deficiência: os (Des)Caminhos da Educação inclusiva
Authors: Oliveira Cíntia Rochele Alves de , Mello Elena Maria Billig
Published: May 2024

RESUMO: Neste trabalho, buscou-se discutir a recontextualização do discurso político de inclusão no contexto educacional, a partir do Decreto nº 10.502/2020 e a Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), com aproximações à teoria de Bernstein. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, qualitativa, analisada por meio da análise de conteúdo descrita por Bardin. Os resultados evidenciam o apagamento da palavra “inclusão” e a falta de previsão quanto à oferta das acessibilidades. Entende-se que esse indício permite a compreensão de um distanciamento entre currículo, planejamento, práticas pedagógicas e Educação Inclusiva no que tange às diversidades encontradas no contexto escolar, articulação evidenciada pelo Decreto nº 10.502/2020. Destaca-se que o Decreto foi julgado como Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade por ferir artigos constitucionais ao possibilitar a segregação de pessoas com deficiência, ocasionando a sua revogação no dia 1º de janeiro de 2023. Conclui-se, a partir deste estudo, que tanto a BNCC quanto o referido Decreto possuem seus percursos marcados pelo campo da recontextualização, conforme a teoria de Bernstein aponta, o que mostra como a distribuição do poder na sociedade e seus princípios de controle social podem afetar o texto político produzido e a sua reprodução no contexto escolar.
Altas Habilidades ou Superdotação em um Instituto Federal: dos Anseios dos Gestores à Construção de Formação Continuada
Authors: Silva Thiago da Silva e , Geller Marlise
Published: May 2024

RESUMO: Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre os anseios de 11 gestores de um Instituto Federal em relação às Altas Habilidades ou Superdotação (AHSD) e apresentar encaminhamentos relativos a esses anseios no processo de construção de uma formação continuada que atenda aos sujeitos pesquisados. A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa com observação participante, e os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e analisados com base na Análise Descritiva Interpretativa. Os resultados indicam que os gestores possuem conhecimentos básicos sobre o conceito e as características dos estudantes com AHSD, de acordo com a Teoria dos Três Anéis de Renzulli, a Teoria das Inteligências Múltiplas de Gardner e os documentos legais vigentes. No entanto, foram identificadas discrepâncias em relação ao apoio institucional oferecido pelo campus e à identificação e ao atendimento dos estudantes com AHSD. Por fim, conclui-se que é necessário aprofundar e profissionalizar os processos relacionados às AHSD, a partir de uma formação continuada que englobe aspectos teóricos e práticos dessa área e que atenda aos gestores pesquisados.
Impactos do TDAH à Adolescência: Revisão Sistemática de Literatura
Authors: Pires Samia Marcia Araujo Monteiro , Pontes Fernando Augusto Ramos , Pereira Bárbara Lídia da Silva , Amoras Jair Deivison Freire , Silva Simone Souza da Costa
Published: May 2024

RESUMO: Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade (TDAH) é um transtorno do neurodesenvolvimento caracterizado por níveis prejudiciais de desatenção e/ou hiperatividade-impulsividade. Foram investigados resultados obtidos em pesquisas sobre impactos do TDAH ao adolescente e foi utilizada a recomendação PRISMA 2020. As bases de dados consultadas foram: APA PsycNet, Lilacs, Medline, PubMed Central, Scorpus, SciELO, a partir dos seguintes descritores: Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade, TDAH, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, ADHD e Adolescente, Adolescentes, Adolescência, Adolescent, Teenager e Adolescence. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos publicados em periódicos entre janeiro de 2001 e janeiro de 2021, em português e inglês, completos e disponíveis online, estudos empíricos, revisados por pares, terem adolescentes como participantes e apresentarem no título, resumo ou corpo do texto os descritores referidos. Os dados foram tratados e organizados conforme check list (recomendação PRISMA 2020). Análises estatísticas descritivas foram realizadas com o Excel 2019. Para apresentar os resultados, utilizaram-se o fluxograma PRISMA, quadro e figuras. Incluíram-se 68 artigos que apontaram variedade de impactos negativos ao desenvolvimento do adolescente nas áreas sociais/relacionais, comportamentais, biológicas, neurológicas, cognitivas, psicológicas e psicopatológicas. Possível limitação desta revisão pode ser a não inclusão de artigos em outros idiomas, além do inglês e português. Os resultados sugerem multidimensionalidade dos impactos do TDAH ao adolescente, requerendo abordagem pluridimensional para evitar cronicidade, reduzindo seus efeitos ao desenvolvimento.
Distribuição espacial de arboviroses e sua associação com um índice de desenvolvimento social e o descarte de lixo em São Luís, Maranhão, 2015 a 2019
Authors: Pereira Emile Danielly Amorim , Carmo Cleber Nascimento do , Araujo Waleska Regina Machado , Branco Maria dos Remédios Freitas Carvalho
Published: May 2024

RESUMO Objetivo: Detectar aglomerados espaciais e espaço-temporais de arboviroses urbanas e investigar se o índice desenvolvimento social (IDS) e o descarte irregular de lixo estão relacionados ao coeficiente de detecção das arboviroses urbanas em São Luís, Maranhão. Métodos: Os casos confirmados de dengue, Zika e chikungunya em São Luís, no período de 2015 a 2019, foram georreferenciados para o setor censitário de residência. O modelo de regressão Autorregressivo Condicional Bayesiano foi utilizado para identificar a associação entre o coeficiente de detecção de arboviroses urbanas, IDS e pontos de descarte irregular de lixo. Resultados: O padrão espacial de arboviroses apontou para a predominância de cluster de baixo coeficiente de detecção, exceto em 2016. Para os anos de 2015, 2016, 2017 e 2019, o aumento de uma unidade de ponto de lixo aumenta o coeficiente de detecção de arboviroses em 1,25, 1,09, 1,23 e 1,13 casos de arboviroses por 100 mil habitantes, respectivamente. O IDS não foi associado ao coeficiente de detecção de arboviroses. Conclusão: Em São Luís foram identificados aglomerados espaço-temporais de risco para a ocorrência de arboviroses e a associação positiva entre o coeficiente de detecção de arboviroses e os pontos de descarte irregular de lixo.
Pedagogical support policy in higher education: a case study
Authors: Gomes Luiza Souza Ioppi , Schlickmann Raphael
Published: May 2024

Abstract Pedagogical support actions in higher education are recent in the history of Brazilian universities, being instituted through the National Student Assistance Program - PNAES, in the 2010s. The program designates to universities the responsibility for student assistance by promoting ten areas, including the pedagogical support. With this responsibility, the Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC) created in 2013 the Institutional Program for Pedagogical Support for Students (PIAPE), which has developed support and pedagogical guidance for undergraduate students on the five campuses of the institution. With almost ten years of activities carried out, it was observed the need to evaluate the program´s actions and results for its improvement. For the development of the research, a formative evaluation was conducted, guiding the collection and analysis of program data, enabling its evaluation. The research context is PIAPE and its actors, so the documentary research was carried out through the program’s guiding documents; the student evaluations collected by PIAPE were considered; and a focus group with the management team was responsible for identifying limitations and possibilities of the program. The research demonstrates that PIAPE has been an important pedagogical strategy to support students and the professors’ teaching work, and contributes to the improvement of academic performance. This study also enables understanding the function and possibilities of pedagogical support in higher education, as well as providing a methodology for evaluating pedagogical support actions that can be replicated in other institutions.
Physical Education courses in Brazil: data consolidation from 1995 to 2020
Authors: Nascimento Oromar Augusto dos Santos , Cavalcante Fernando Resende , Montalvão Thaís Ribeiro , Monteiro Daniel Silva , Lazzarotti Filho Ari
Published: May 2024

Abstract The article aims to consolidate data on physical education (PE) training in Brazil from 1995 to 2020. It analyzed the main sources available on these data as well as those used by the scientific literature in the field of PE and built indicators for data extraction establishing as a database the Statistical Synopses of Higher Education, of the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research Anísio Teixeira. The results indicate a significant discrepancy between the data from the Statistical Synopses and those from the literature, since a significant portion of the articles that present data on PE courses contain methodological problems, by not indicating the sources, procedures and not using adequate filters to determine the data found. There was an expansion of training in PE in the period, which in 2020 had a higher number of enrollments in distance learning (DL) courses and bachelor's degree programs courses become the majority from 2019. With the creation of distance courses, only the indicator of the number of courses is not the most appropriate to analyze the growth of training, which should be combined with others such as modality, enrollment, and graduation. Since the beginning of the elaboration of the Statistical Synopsis, in 1995, the number of courses and their indicators were increasing, but in 2017 the number of courses and enrollments began to decrease, which may indicate a saturation in the demand for training in PE.
Trabajo colaborativo, emociones e inclusión en Chile durante la pandemia
Authors: Poblete-Christie Octavio , Caro Sánchez Claudia , Salinas San Martín Gabriel , Elgueta Vega Agueda , Araya-García Aida
Published: May 2024

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la experiencia emocional de profesoras de educación especial durante el trabajo colaborativo en contexto de pandemia. La investigación se realizó bajo un enfoque cualitativo, utilizando un diseño con base en episodios emocionales. Participaron 11 profesoras de educación especial de diferentes escuelas públicas que cuentan con programas de integración escolar, del Valle del Aconcagua, Chile. Los datos fueron construidos utilizando una entrevista semiestructurada. Se realizó análisis cualitativo de contenido. Los resultados muestran diferentes factores contextuales que incidieron en el surgimiento de emociones, desde aquellos propios de la pandemia hasta aquellos relacionados con características individuales. Por otra parte, las interpretaciones que estuvieron a la base de las emociones experimentadas apuntaron a una percepción de menosprecio, posición inferior en la relación, paralización y desmotivación. Por último, las profesoras adoptaron diferentes estrategias para comunicar o intentar no comunicar lo que sintieron, recurriendo en ocasiones a recursos tecnológicos. Los resultados son analizados en función de la oportunidad que ofrecen las emociones para avanzar hacia una educación inclusiva y de la necesidad de potenciar la formación emocional en las profesoras de educación diferencial.
Experimental characterization of bond between concrete and HDG steel tubes for mixed steel-concrete structures
Authors: Cruz Fábio , Valente Isabel , Almeida João , Neves Ana , Pereira Eduardo
Published: May 2024

Bond between concrete and reinforcement material is crucial for the structural behaviour and design of reinforced concrete or mixed steel-concrete structures. When considering applications in harsh environments, such as severe marine exposure or submerged conditions, hot-dip galvanized (HDG) steel seems to be a promising solution, as part of new mixed steel-concrete structural systems. Although it is essential to guarantee an effective composite response, the interaction and bond behaviour between materials is not yet sufficiently well understood. This experimental investigation aimed to study the bond behaviour between concrete and HDG steel tubes, including the influence of adopting concrete pin connectors by creating holes in the tube profile, and also the influence of the galvanic surface state. The impact of bond length on the bond behaviour of the galvanized steel tube embedded in different concrete mixtures was analysed. Pushout tests were conducted to obtain the load end versus slip responses, as well as the failure modes. The results showed that the embedment lengths and the concrete compositions had no relevant effect on the overall shape of the pushout experimental responses, with the exception of the specimens that include the concrete pin connector. However, both variables clearly influenced the bond stress, dissipated energy during pushout until failure, and residual pushout force. The addition of the concrete pin significantly improved the adherence mechanism, while the contamination of the galvanic surface showed to significantly reduce the bond strength.
DETERMINATION OF OPERATING PARAMETERS OF A CRYOGENIC TANK FOR LOW-TONNAGE STORAGE OF LNG
Authors: Protozanov N.K. , Shestakov R.A.
Published: May 2024

In the modern world, the gas industry plays a key role in the fuel and energy complex of any country, ensuring energy security and economic development. With the constant consumption of natural gas, there is a need for efficient methods of its transportation and storage. One of the ways of transportation and storage of natural gas is its liquefaction.In the case of low-tonnage liquefied natural gas (LNG) production complexes, where we are talking about small volumes of production of the order of several thousand tons of LNG per year, in comparison with large-tonnage production, where productivity amounts to millions of tons of LNG per year, the efficiency of storage processes comes to the fore, as this allows for reliable and economically feasible operation of small-scale LNG complexes.In this context, determining the operating parameters of cryogenic tanks for low-tonnage storage of liquefied natural gas is becoming an urgent research topic. The method of storing cryogenic products in semi-insulated tanks has a number of advantages, such as low energy consumption, high efficiency, and long storage time.This article is devoted to determining the parameters of the cryogenic tank operation during low-tonnage storage of liquefied natural gas. The study is aimed at determining the parameters of the cryogenic tank operation based on the calculated heat flow to the stored LNG. In this paper, the authors developed and compared various calculation schemes of heat inflow, which considered such factors as heat transfer by radiation, convection and conduction, including heat inflows to LNG through thermal bridges and from the combined-cycle phase of stored liquefied gas.The result of the study is the revealed method for determining the heat flow to LNG stored in a cryogenic tank, which is optimal in terms of the accuracy of the results obtained and the simplicity of calculations. The results of this study can be used in the further development of storage technologies for both liquefied natural gas and other industrial gases.
DISPLACEMENT OF OIL BY MICELLAR SOLUTION WITH NANOPARTICLES FROM POROUS MODEL WITH CORE MATERIAL
Authors: Mullayanov A.I. , Pityuk Y.A. , Safargalieva E.M.
Published: May 2024

Enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques play an important role in maintaining oil production worldwide. These methods are given special attention due to the constant decline in the availability of oil resources. One type of EOR is the tertiary method - a chemical method that involves the use of synthetic substances for mining. Liquid flooding in the presence of a surfactant is a common chemical EOR, and microemulsions belong to these systems. The injection of the microemulsion rim reduces the interfacial tension between the crude oil and the formation fluid, which results in the mobilization of a significant portion of the residual oil. Recently, the possibility of simultaneous use of nanoparticles and chemicals to increase the efficiency of the processes of increasing oil recovery has been considered. In this work, nanoparticles participate in the role of microemulsion stabilization, and their joint effect on the displacement capacity of oil from the bulk model of a porous medium is also analyzed. The work is aimed at studying the effect of adding silicon oxide nanoparticles to a microemulsion solution, which is an agent for displacing viscous oil from a bulk porous medium. In the experiment, laboratory studies of oil displacement by various compositions, including surfactants, salt, alcohol and nanoparticles, were carried out on two types of bulk models assembled from glass beads and quartz sand, phase saturations were determined at different points in time, and displacement capacity graphs were built. The oil displacement study was carried out for six liquids: water, mineralized water, nanofluid, aqueous solution with surfactant, also a solution for microemulsion without and with the addition of nanoparticles. It has been found that the effect of adding nanoparticles to the microemulsion composition in the case of bulk models consisting of glass beads leads to a slight increase in the volume of displaced oil. In the case of bulk models consisting of core material, an increase in residual oil saturation is observed, which is associated with adsorption of particles on the surface of core material.
APPLICATION OF HYDROGELS FOR WATER SHUTOFF TREATMENTS. Message No. 2
Authors: Telin A.G. , Strizhnev V.A. , Vezhnin S.A. , Lenchenkova L.E. , Yakubov R.N. , Safuanova R.M.
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the use of hydrogels with nanoparticle additives for well water shutoff, as well as the development of a mathematical apparatus for hydrodynamic modeling of water shutoff operations. One of the most significant trends in the development of gel forming compounds for well water shutoff in the last 10 years has been the use of nanocomposites. The base polymers for nanocomposites used for water shutoff operations are either synthetic or biopolymer origin. The article highlights the novelty and prospects of using nanoparticles in sealing compositions. Various nanocomponent additives are used to increase the success of the use of hydrogel polymer systems in order to limit water inflow and expand the scope of their application in complicated reservoir conditions. These include carbon and mineral nanoparticles, which increase the stability and strength of crosslinked gels in formation conditions.In this paper, we consider the optimization of the repair and insulation operations design using gels for well water shutoff using mathematical modeling, which helps to justify the volume of hydrogel injection and calculate the necessary pressure gradients at which the sealing screen remains stable. The paramount importance of determining the source of well flooding is emphasized, depending on which the processing design is already being built, and appropriate materials are selected; trends in the development of repair and insulation operations at the present stage are traced. Based on the results of the implementation of the proposed model by numerical methods, the authors constructed diagrams of the stability of the waterproofing screen depending on the fracture width, screen size, gel injection rate and reservoir permeability. The technique proposed in the work allows to correctly select and optimize the technological parameters of the operation to maintain the stability of the screen in specific geological conditions.Mathematical modeling allows us to strictly justify the volume of injection of the gel screen, increase the technological and economic efficiency of the process, and in large fields — to rank wells according to the priority of processing. Oilfield practice in various regions of the country fully confirms the main conclusions made in this review article. Preliminary mathematical modeling and the introduction of microdispersions into gel formulations can significantly increase the efficiency of water shutoff operations. The next step in the development of water insulation technologies is the use of nanodispersions, which look very promising in laboratory modeling and are no longer exotic materials with unrealistic cost.
Mechanism of State Direct Salary per Capita Taxation in the Belarusian Provinces of the Russian Empire in the First Half of the 19th Century
Authors: Yerashevich Aliaksandr
Published: May 2024

The article discusses the legal mechanism of state direct salary per capita taxation in the Belarusian provinces of the Russian Empire in the first half of the 19th century. The place and role of Belarusian lands in the per capita taxation system of the Russian Empire is determined. It has been established that, in general, the legal mechanism of per capita taxation on Belarusian lands in the first half of the 19th century for peasants and townspeople was identical to the taxation process in the European part of Imperial Russia. The regional specificity of the per capita taxation system in the Belarusian provinces of the Russian Empire boiled down to the presence of a number of categories of the population that were exempt from paying the per capita tax or had temporary tax breaks, and was characterized by a significant proportion of Jewish townspeople among the per capita tax payers. At certain periods of time, certain social and ethno-confessional (Jews) groups of the tax-paying population had special per capita salaries. In certain periods of time, certain social and ethno-confessional (Jews) groups of the tax-paying population had special per capita salaries. In addition, until 1851, the per capita tax of the rural population included a duty for the right to freely distill and sell wine. Differences are noted in the principles of allocation of per capita salaries in individual Belarusian provinces. The share of Belarusian provinces in the accrued per capita taxes of Imperial Russia has been revealed. t is concluded that on the eve of large-scale reforms in the 1860s. The Belarusian region had a low degree of burden with direct poll taxes within the vast Russian state. Attention is drawn to the fact that the state capitation taxation system gave rise to fiscal-serfdom oppression.
Minors Convicted of Sexual Crimes: Modern Statistical Patterns
Authors: Koryagina Svetlana , Sinkov Dmitry
Published: May 2024

The authors analyze the regularities of criminal behavior found in the official statistics of the Office of the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in 2017–2022, which reflect some specific features of minors convicted for sexual crimes nationwide. This research allowed the authors to identify a number of statistical regularities characteristic of this type of criminal conduct. The analysis of statistical data on minors convicted for violent sexual behavior over the last five years revealed some specific features connected with a positive annual growth rate, which is contrary to the general all-Russian trend for the reduction in the criminal behavior of minor convicts. Besides, it is well known that a negative growth rate for the criminal behavior of minor convicts is a typical and traditional feature of the past decade. The specifics of criminal behavior of minors in terms of age show periods of dominance of the 14–15-year-old group, which, although not stable, are regularly repeated. A significant feature revealed by the statistical analysis is the transformation of the types of sexual violence in the structure of the crime under consideration. Although the structure was traditionally dominated by rape, characteristic of both age groups, violent actions of sexual nature have been dominant in the last five years. Besides, this feature is characteristic of the convicts in the younger age group. The data on minors convicted for crimes under Art. 18 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (CC of the RF) with criminal records or outstanding convictions on the date of the court hearing showed that there was a considerable increase in repeat offences in 2022, the growth rate being over +73 %. At the same time, the rates for the previous years were steadily negative. Statistical data are, to a great degree, a reflection of reaction by the law enforcement bodies, but they are, simultaneously, a reference point for a deeper research of the causal complex of juvenile crime that has a high degree of public danger.
Digital Space as a Scene of Extremist Crimes
Authors: Davydov Vladimir
Published: May 2024

Innovations in digital communications determined a trend for a sustainable causal link between technological diversity and qualitative changes in the mechanism of extremist crimes. Essentially, the processes of global informatization led to a paradigm shift, and the methods of transforming social behavior based on digital communications and social engineering technologies became some of the key elements in influencing the minds of the objects of extremist indoctrination. Due to this, it is necessary to offer a forensically grounded definition of digital space as a scene where extremist crimes are committed with the purpose of developing recommendation for identifying, capturing and systematizing evidentiary and other forensically relevant information, developing a forensic characteristic and then using it to understand the mechanism of suchlike criminal acts. The methodological basis for the research is the general dialectic method of research cognition. Besides, some general and special research methods were used: systemic-structural, formal-logical, statistical, specific-sociological, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy. Data consolidation and modelling were also carried out. According to the author, in order to understand the mechanism of trace formation in the digital environment, it is necessary to identify changes resulting from the electromagnetic interactions between the signal and the environment in which the signal was processed, and to understand what factors influenced the process of electromagnetic interactions. Consequently, in order to identify, capture and establish a link between digital traces and electromagnetic interactions, it is necessary to establish a crossover mutual relationship between a computer device, a digital infrastructure element, as well as an event of interest to the subject of the investigation or an action that has left its reflection. For the extremist crimes committed in the digital space, it is expedient that the crime scene should be interpreted as the place where key criminal extremist actions were committed. Essentially, it is the place where extremist content was uploaded, the information and telecommunication network of the digital space was entered, and the criminal action of extremist nature was then committed, regardless of the place where its consequences happened.
Stochastic Models of Electricity Consumption
Authors: Borovsky Andrey , Yumenchuk Andrey
Published: May 2024

The article considers a stochastic model of electricity consumption based on the convolution theory. It is assumed that the processes of switching on and off energy consumption on a city scale depend on a large number of independent random factors and have the form of a normal probability distribution. The functions of switching on and off the load are presented, graphs are plotted. The comparison of the intelligent power supply system with the existing power supply system in the Russian Federation is carried out. The reasons for the slow introduction of smart grids in the Russian Federation are revealed.
At the moment, smart grids are not very popular in the Russian Federation, while in the countries of the European Union, the USA and China, projects related to the development, production of components and the widespread introduction of smart grids are actively receiving state financial support.
Thus, the European Union allocates more than a billion dollars annually for projects in the field of electric power and smart grids. These funds are allocated according to the European Green Deal strategy.
At the same time, the State Grid Corporation of China has introduced the concept of the "Global Energy Internet", which, in accordance with the government's expectation, will stimulate the smart grid market in the country.
As in other countries of the world, the US electric power industry is also facing problems related to rising utility prices, fluctuations in peak load and the need to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The consequence of this was the adoption at the end of 2021 of an "infrastructure" law providing for large-scale investments in green energy projects.
Evaluation of elite rice lines for resistance to Kenya blast fungus (Magnapothe Oryzae)
Authors: Roselyne U Juma , Rosemary Murori , Felister N Mbute , Douglas W Douglas W Miano , Joshua N Cobb
Published: May 2024

Blast resistance tends to often break down, these necessitate search-resistant genes. The screen house experiment was conducted in 2019 and 2020. A total of 56 rice genotypes, (Elite lines, monogenic lines, and local), were screened against ten Kenya isolates of Mangnaporthe oryzae. The establishment was by direct seeding of previously sprouted seeds. A completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two replicates was adopted. Inoculation was done 21 days after planting. Plants were maintained in the moist chamber (26–28 0C) for 48 hrs, then moved into an incubation chamber (25 ◦C ± 2). Disease assessment commenced 48 hours after inoculation until 21 days to full infection. Disease evaluations were performed according to the Standard Evaluation System of IRRI. Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR) were carried out, blast resistant loci were identified using varied genetic markers that co-segregate with specific resistant loci Analysis was implemented in R version 3.3.2 (R Core Team, 2016). BLUPs were computed, in a mixed model to estimate the random effect of the genotypes. The data was subjected to analysis of variance and means separated by Tukey’s test at P < 0.05. Cluster analyses were performed in JMP software version 11.2 for Windows. Seven genotypes (IR12A311, IR10M210, IR74, 1R02A127, IR09A130, R66 and IR10N230) were more susceptible, IR13N152 and IR14F711 were more resistant to all Isolates. The monogenic lines IRBLsh-B and IRBLkh-K3 which carry blast-resistant genes, were susceptible to at least seven Kenya isolates. The local checks (Basmati 370, BAS 270 (pi9), BW196, and BAS370 (pi9) were highly susceptible. The genotype IR12F711 was consistently resistant to all Kenya Isolates.
Bağlam Temelli Öğrenme Yaklaşımına Dayalı Bilgisayar Destekli Ders Materyalinin Öğrenci Başarısına ve Tutuma Etkisi
Authors: Ayvacı Hakan Şevki , Köroğlu Ergel Bahar Gülay
Published: May 2024

Bağlam temelli öğrenme yaklaşımı günlük yaşam bağlamlarının öğretimde kullanılmasını savunmakta ve öğrencilerin fen dersinde yer alan konu ve kavramları günlük yaşam ile ilişkilendirmesine imkân sağlamaktadır. Bağlam temelli yaklaşımın bilgisayar destekli öğretim ile desteklenmesi fen bilimleri dersinde yer alan soyut konuların somutlaştırılmasında, çoklu duyu organına hitap etmesinde etkili olmaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmada bağlam temelli bilgisayar destekli öğretim materyali ile yapılan öğretimin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına ve fen dersine yönelik tutumlarına etkisini incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemleri içerisinde yer alan basit deneysel yöntem tercih edilmiştir. Çalışmanın örneklem grubunu 2020-2021 eğitim öğretim yılı güz döneminde Trabzon ili Akçaabat ilçesinde bir ortaokulda 6. sınıf seviyesinde öğrenim gören 20 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplamak amacıyla 6. Sınıf “Kuvvet ve Hareket” ünitesine yönelik akademik başarı testi ve “Fen ve Teknoloji Tutum Ölçeği” ön test ve son test şeklinde kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda bağlam temelli bilgisayar destekli öğretim materyali ile yürütülen öğretimin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarını artırmada etkili olduğu fakat tutumun etkilenmediği gözlemlenmiştir. Bağlam temelli yaklaşıma dayalı bilgisayar destekli öğretim materyalinin akademik başarıya olumlu katkısının olduğu, bağlamların öğretim ortamlarına olumlu etki ettiği, bağlam temelli yaklaşıma dayalı öğretimin dersi ilgi çekici ve zevkli hale getirdiği göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bu tür materyallerin öğretimde kullanılması gerektiği önerilmektedir. Ayrıca tutum gibi duyuşsal faktörleri incelemeyi amaçlayan çalışmaların daha uzun süreli yürütülmesi önerilmektedir.
Ethical and Legal Support for Technological Development in the Healthcare System
Authors: Morozova N. S.
Published: May 2024

The article analyses the experience of a number of foreign countries (France, South Korea, China, Germany and Italy) in terms of developing special legislation in the field of ethical examination and creating specialised bodies to exercise relevant powers. Based on the analysis, the necessity of creating a National Council on Bioethics under the President of the Russian Federation in Russia in order to conduct an independent ethical assessment of new technologies in the field of healthcare is advocated. The author identifies the goal of strengthening the legal personality of medical workers in terms of an initial assessment of technological solutions built into practice. The work highlights the need to develop a procedural basis for conducting technological assessment by the medical community based on clearly established principles of legal and ethical expertise. It is emphasised that all technological solutions presented within the framework of strategic development should be aimed at health-saving ends. At the same time, it is advisable to consolidate the normatively established concept of health-saving technologies in order to carry out an examination of the quality of the implemented technological solutions.
Anelastic Tomography of the Arabian Plate
Authors: Espindola-Carmona Armando , Peter Daniel B. , Parisi Laura , Mai P. Martin
Published: May 2024

In this study, we investigate the upper-mantle structure of the Arabian plate based on anelastic full-waveform inversion. The Arabian plate is composed of two main geological provinces—the Arabian Platform in the east and the Arabian Shield in the west. The Shield is dotted with areas of Cenozoic volcanism (harrats) whose precise tectonic and geodynamic origin is still debated. To help shed light on the deep geophysical properties of the Arabia plate and seismic signatures in the Earth’s upper mantle related to the surface volcanism, we use ∼38,400 three-component waveforms filtered between 25 and 100 s from 64 well-distributed regional earthquakes. We fit frequency-dependent travel-time and amplitude information. We follow a hierarchical inversion strategy in which we initially invert for the elastic structure and subsequently for both the elastic and anelastic parameters simultaneously. We assess the resolution and trade-offs between model parameters by conducting point spread function tests. Our model reveals low-wavespeed anomalies associated with mantle material that may originate from the Afar plume. In addition, we identify significant shear attenuation anomalies in the southern and central regions of the western margin of the Arabian plate. We suggest that these anomalies are linked to either the hot asthenosphere from the Afar plume or partial melting triggered by lithospheric thinning along the Red Sea rift.
Joint Inversion of Regional Waveform, First-Motion Polarity, and Synthetic Aperture Radar Surface Displacement for the Fourth and Sixth North Korean Declared Nuclear Explosions
Authors: Chi-Durán Rodrigo , Dreger Douglas S. , Rodgers Arthur J.
Published: May 2024

This study analyzed the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s (DPRK) fourth (DPRK4, 6 January 2016 Mw 4.49) and sixth (DPRK6, 7 September 2017 Mw 5.2) declared nuclear tests, employing a joint seismic and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) inversion to improve understanding of these events and enhance moment tensor (MT) inversion capabilities. The recent efforts have focused on employing seismic waveform and InSAR geodetic deformation data separately to analyze these and the previous nuclear tests (e.g., Chiang et al., 2018; Myers et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2018). Building upon our previous work (Chi-Durán et al., 2021), we performed a joint regional waveform, first-motion (FM) polarity, and surface displacement inversion, which demonstrated improved source-type discrimination, a revised MT solution with reduced scalar moment uncertainty, and an independently constrained location. In this article, we build on the previous results for DPRK6 by including an analysis using a four-layered velocity model with free-surface topography to compute the near-source static deformation Green’s functions. The model consists of a 50 m basalt layer (VP=2.07  km/s, VS=1.2  km/s), a 250 m stratified volcanic deposit layer (VP=1.73  km/s, VS=1.0  km/s), a 700 m weathered granodiorite layer (VP=2.5  km/s, VS=1.3  km/s), and a granodiorite half-space (VP=5.35  km/s, VS=3.09  km/s). The half-space shares the velocity of the regional MDJ2 velocity model (Ford et al., 2010), which has proven effective for waveform inversion in the region. This model considers the range of reported values for various lithologies and weathering effects. Our findings show that using the layered velocity model enhances the recovery of source location and depth for both the explosions by improving fits and reducing uncertainties. The joint inversion also improves source-type discrimination and better constrains the scalar seismic moment necessary for downstream yield estimation.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KALKINMA HEDEFLERİ DOĞRULTUSUNDA GELİR EŞİTSİZLİĞİNİN ÇEVRE KİRLİLİĞİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİNE İLİŞKİN BİR İNCELEME: BREZİLYA’DAN KANITLAR
Authors: Koçak Elif
Published: May 2024

Çevre kirliliğinin ekolojik dengeyi bozması ve küresel çapta bir sorun olmasının anlaşılmasıyla birlikte kirlilik konusu uzun zamandır ülkelerin gündem başlıkları arasında yer almaktadır. Söz konusu bu sorunun çözülebilmesi için ise sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri ortaya konulmuştur. Ancak ortaya konulan bu hedefler birbiriyle çelişebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri (SDG) kapsamında yer alan SDG 10 ve SDG 13 arasındaki muhtemel uyum ya da çatışmanın incelenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda yeni sanayileşmiş ülke (NIC) kategorisinde yer alan Brezilya için 1990-2020 gözlem aralığı baz alınarak ampirik bir analiz gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ampirik modele dahil edilen değişkenler arasındaki ilişki ise ARDL sınır testi ve Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi ile araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda gelir eşitsizliğindeki artışın CO2 emisyon seviyesini artırdığı saptanmıştır. Ayrıca gelir eşitsizliğinden çevre kirliliğine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedefleri kapsamında yer alan söz konusu iki hedefin uyumlu olduğu görülmüştür.
IS THERE A CHICKEN-AND-EGG RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTEREST AND INFLATION RATES FOR THE TURKISH CASE?
Authors: Sarıalioğlu Hayali Ayça , Lodın Mohammad Mansoor , Aımar Djallel , Küçükosman Asiye
Published: May 2024

There is still a hot debate about the causal relationship between interest and inflation rates. On the one hand, through Fisher Effect, it is expected that inflation is the cause while the interest rate is the result. On the other hand, among policymakers in Türkiye, it is expected opposite as inflation is the result and interest rate is the cause since it is argued that inflation is the result mostly stemming from the high-interest rates constituting the high cost of the credits. However, it is strongly argued that low interest rates—which the government has lowered below inflation—rather than high interest rates are the real cause in the Turkish case. In this regard, the key purpose of the paper is to investigate the causal relationship between the interest and inflation rates for the Turkish case for the period of 2004M01-2022M03. The findings reveal that there is a bi-directional Granger causality relationship between the interest rate and the inflation rate for the Turkish case for the relevant period. This result promotes the chicken-and-egg relationship between interest and inflation rates.
TOPLUMSAL CİNSİYETİN İNŞASINDA ÜRÜNDEKİ GÖRSEL İLETİŞİM ÖĞELERİNİN ROLÜ: TÜKETİCİ DAVRANIŞLARINA YÖNELİK BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: Koç Nazlı , Basfirinci Cigdem
Published: May 2024

Cinsiyet, günümüzde pazar bölümlendirmesinde yaygın kullanılan bir kriterdir. Ürün kategorilerinde yapılan cinsiyete dayalı pazar bölümlendirmenin temelinde, bireylerin biyolojik cinsiyetlerinden ziyade toplumun yarattığı "toplumsal cinsiyet" anlayışı bulunmaktadır. Ancak konunun önemi ile kıyaslandığında, ürünlerdeki görsel iletişim öğelerine ilişkin toplumsal cinsiyet kalıp yargılarının ürün tercihlerindeki rolünün yeterince incelenmediği görülmektedir. Bu nedenle bu araştırmada üründeki görsel iletişim öğelerinin tüketicilerin algılamalarına ve satın alma davranışlarına etkileri, toplumsal cinsiyet bağlamında ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Nicel yöntem kullanılarak, doğrudan ve dolaylı ölçüm içeren bir anket formu ile 715 katılımcıdan kolayda örnekleme yoluyla veri toplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, tüketicilerin ürünlerdeki görsel iletişim öğelerini değerlendirirken toplumsal cinsiyet kalıp yargılarından yoğun biçimde faydalandığını göstermektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları, segmentasyon, konumlandırma ve pazarlama iletişim stratejileri açısından önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır.
COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS (CEA) OF A TOBACCO INITIATION INTERVENTION FOR COLLEGE STUDENTS IN TÜRKİYE
Authors: Demir İbrahim , Köse Elif Gül
Published: May 2024

Economic evaluation is essential for the efficient use of public resources and, especially, for the scale-up
Economic evaluation is essential for the efficient use of public resources and, especially, for the scale-up decisions of the new programs. This study provides a full economic evaluation of a 27-month tobacco control project for college students in Ankara, Türkiye. Tobacco use is costly due to disease/disability, premature death, and associated economic burden. Tobacco use among young adults is of particular concern in Türkiye because of rising prevalence in recent years. The study calculates the sample and population level relative cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) using recall for the interventions implemented in the project. Study found that while the sample-level CER for recall was ₺680,91 and for prevented initiation was ₺2,138.05, the extrapolated CERs were ₺34,96 and ₺105.44, respectively. Reponse to a direct cross-check project effectiveness question in the questionnaire indicated that the project prevented the initiation of 571 never-smoked students. Given this, prevented initiation CER is ₺2,289.18, which is quite similar to survey aggregate CER of ₺2,138.05 for preveneted initiation. Study also found that booth administered during special day was the most cost-effective intervention item while short videos were the least cost-effective ones. The findings of the study will better guide resource allocation and will be instrumental in policy decisions for scaling up the project to all higher education institutions in Türkiye.
Predictive Machine learning Models for necessity Supplemental Anesthesia in Endodontic treatment
Authors: Harun Dr. Md. Abu , Mazumder Mohammad , Shikder Dr. Abu , Karim Dr. Nazneen , Hera Dr. Md. Shahedur
Published: May 2024

Purpose: In cases of irreversible pulpitis, controlling intraoperative endodontic discomfort is extremely difficult, and patient satisfaction plays a big part in this. In order to forecast a diagnostic's and a treatment's outcome, machine learning (ML) has recently been implemented in the fields of medicine and dentistry. The goal of this work was to create machine learning (ML) models that could predict the need for further anesthesia. Methods: According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, this study included 128 individuals with endodontic discomfort. All patients underwent a clinical evaluation and endodontic diagnostic procedures. All interpretation results were entered into a prepared data sheet. All info were statistically evaluated using Github software version ydata-profilling vv4.1.2, configuration config.json, was employed to review the explanatory data for machine learning models for all examination and investigation aspects. By using Pearson correlation, chi 2, Random Forest, and LightGBM, the final feature importance was determined. 20% of the test set and 80% of the train set are observation sets used to build models. Logistic regression F1 and k-nearest neighbors (KNN) F1 were used to assess the performance of the ML model on the train and test sets. Results: For Machine learning models, 11 of the 20 features—such as pulp stone or calcification of the pulp space, pain duration, age, percussion, palpation, response persistent after EPT, dental history, curved root canal, pain persistent after a cold test, and pain severity during a cold test—were important. In logistic regression, F1 for the train set was 0.793, while for the test sets, it was 0.878. Regression using a logistic model had an accuracy of 0.81. KNN F1 for train was 0.781, while for test it was 0.829. The Machine learning model's k-nearest neighbors (KNN) F1 accuracy was 72.86. Conclusion: The trained machine learning models can predict if further anesthetic will be required during endodontic treatment based on the specific feature.
Preoperative anaesthesia assessment and patient preparation for surgery: update and a review
Authors: Miguel F J García , Castillo S L Valencia
Published: May 2024

Although anaesthetic and surgical procedures should be individualised for every patient, in practice many preoperative protocols and routines are used generally. The “Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology” establishes that the safety and quality of the perioperative care received by patients is the responsibility of anaesthesiologists. This declaration has been accepted by all the European Societies of Anaesthesiology and stipulates that all institutions providing perioperative anaesthesia care to patients should design protocols to guide perioperative patient management. The present article aims to provide an evidenced-based review of preoperative assessment and preparation and to propose a protocol that can be adapted to the needs of each hospital and be incorporated into their routine practice. Emphasis is placed on the importance of correct preoperative evaluation in reducing morbidity and mortality in the surgical patient. This task can be aided by the use of preoperative questionnaires and the rational use of preoperative tests, which will also reduce unnecessary costs. Finally, the most widely accepted recommendations on preoperative fasting is discussed. The anaesthesiologist’s legal responsibility, and patients’ views in the preoperative process are also considered. A thorough clinical preoperative evaluation of the patient is more important than routine preoperative tests, which should be requested only when justified by clinical indications. Moreover, this practice eliminates unnecessary cost without compromising the safety and quality of care.