bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advanced Wideband Antenna Arrays for 5G Millimeter-Wave Spectrum at K- and Ka-Bands
Authors: Alibakhshikenari Mohammad , Parand Peiman , Virdee Bal , Garcia Zuazola Ignacio , Kumar Sunil , Zidour Ali , Soruri Mohammad , Saber Takfarinas , Naser-Moghadasi Mohammad , Limiti Ernesto
Published: February 2025

Millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) wireless communication systems play a central role in meeting the demands of next-generation wireless technologies such as 5G. This chapter presents the design and analysis of three advanced antenna arrays optimized for mm-Wave 5G wireless networks operating over K-band (18–27 GHz) and Ka-band (27–40 GHz). These structures feature radiation patches suspended above a common substrate, excited using three methods to achieve optimal performance. The first method utilizes a 50 Ω open-ended microstrip-line balun to slot-line transition for effective energy coupling and excitation. The second method employs a 50Ω-microstrip feed network, ensuring consistent power distribution across array elements. Lastly, metallic-rods passing through the substrate provide direct excitation, facilitating robust mechanical and electrical integration. To address challenges, innovative techniques were implemented. Vertical metallic-vias suppress unwanted surface currents, while the spacing between radiating elements was optimized as multiples of half-wavelength to minimize interference and maximize array performance. Additionally, antenna elements were enclosed with metallic-walls to further enhance isolation and ensure predictable performance. Further strategies such as bowtie-like dipoles were incorporated to provide wider radiation apertures and better impedance matching. Power dividers were used to split input signals into multiple equal-phase outputs, boosting overall gain. Furthermore, the patches were embedded with slots to exhibit metasurface characteristics, enhancing bandwidth and radiation performance while maintaining compactness. The design methodologies and optimizations result in antenna arrays with superior performance metrics. The detailed analysis, innovative techniques, and demonstrated performance of the proposed antenna arrays establish them as strong candidates for practical deployment in advanced 5G mm-Wave networks and beyond.
Artificial Intelligence-Driven Electric Vehicle Battery Lifetime Diagnostics
Authors: Zhao Jingyuan , Burke Andrew F.
Published: February 2025

Ensuring the reliability, safety, and efficiency of electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates precise diagnostics of battery life, as the degradation of batteries directly influences both performance and sustainability. The transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in advancing EV battery diagnostics is explored herein, with an emphasis placed on the complexities of predicting and managing battery health. Initially, we provide an overview of the challenges associated with battery lifetime diagnostics, such as issues with accuracy, generalization, and model training. The following sections delve into advanced AI methodologies that enhance diagnostic capabilities. These methods include extensive time-series AI, which improves predictive accuracy; end-to-end AI, which simplifies system complexity; multi-model AI, which ensures generalization across varied operating conditions; and adaptable AI strategies for dynamic environments. In addition, we explore the use of federated learning for decentralized, privacy-preserving diagnostics and discuss the role of automated machine learning in streamlining the development of AI-based models. By integrating these sophisticated AI techniques, we present a comprehensive roadmap for the future of AI-driven battery prognostics and health management. This roadmap underscores the critical importance of accuracy, scalability, and sustainability in fostering advancement. Our interdisciplinary framework offers valuable insights that can accelerate the electrification of transportation and advance the evolution of energy storage systems, tackling key challenges at the intersection of battery technology and AI.
Automated Visualisations of Classroom Interactions as Support for Professional Development
Authors: Hernwall Patrik , Ramberg Robert , Björck Catrine
Published: February 2025

The “messiness” of the classroom, or the formal educational setting, makes it hard for teachers and teacher-students to navigate. Here, the long tradition of classroom observation has been used as support for reflection by, e.g., teachers and teacher-students. The value of this special form of peer-supported learning and reflection lies in, e.g., understanding the complexities of classroom interactions or teacher evaluation and professional growth. In this article, we will discuss how automated visualisations of classroom activities can be used for in-depth, collegial, and less intrusive observations. The study is based on empirical studies (November 2020–January 2024), including 24 teachers using digital technology for registering, documenting, and visualising (RDV technology), e.g., teachers’ movements or pupils’ eye movements.
Unlocking the Power of Methanogens: Revolutionary Applications in Sustainable Energy and Biotechnology
Authors: Chegini Salomeh
Published: February 2025

Methanogens, unique microorganisms within the archaea domain, produce methane as a byproduct of methanogenesis, a crucial process in the global carbon cycle. Thriving in anaerobic environments such as wetlands, landfills, and ruminant guts, these archaea hold tremendous potential for renewable energy and environmental sustainability. This chapter explores the innovative applications of methanogens, including their pivotal role in biogas production, anaerobic digestion, biofuel development, and advanced waste treatment. By leveraging their metabolic versatility and engineering capabilities, methanogens can address pressing challenges in global energy security and carbon neutrality. This chapter provides insights into their metabolic pathways, engineering optimization, and the integration of methanogens into circular economy models and hybrid energy systems. Through case studies, cutting-edge research, and emerging technologies, this work underscores the transformative potential of methanogens in biotechnological and industrial applications. The discussion also highlights challenges, including slow growth rates and environmental sensitivities, while proposing solutions for scaling methanogen-based systems. This overview serves as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry stakeholders pursuing innovative methods for biofuel production, environmental management, and carbon capture.
Assessing Biogas Technology Implementation as a Vehicle for Rural Development in Rural Areas of Limpopo, South Africa
Authors: Eugene Rasimphi Thilivhali , Kilonzo Beata , Tinarwo David , Nyamukondiwa Pertinah
Published: February 2025

By improving and disseminating biogas technology, energy poverty can be minimized, and people’s status on the energy ladder can be improved. There is still a lack of equal distribution of biogas technology around the world. Although biogas technology is still in its infancy in developing countries, it has advanced in countries like China and India. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of biogas technology as a vehicle for rural development in the Limpopo province of South Africa. Open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires, field surveys, and desk studies were used to collect primary data. In analyzing the questionnaires’ responses, descriptive and comparative analysis was applied, and the results were interpreted. The analysis and interpretation were carried out using a comparative analysis. Several factors contribute to the implementation of biogas technology, according to the findings. They include energy need, high cost of electricity and firewood, and poverty. Based on the results, local strategies such as education and awareness, loan provision and subsidies, as well as technical services will encourage the use and application of biogas.
Integrating narrative and bibliometric approaches to examine factors and impacts of tuberculosis treatment non-compliance
Authors: Santosa Agus , Juniarti Neti , Pahria Tuti , Susanti Raini Diah
Published: February 2025

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) treatment non-compliance remains a significant global public health issue, undermining disease control efforts and leading to adverse clinical and epidemiological outcomes. While considerable research has explored this issue, gaps remain in understanding the multifactorial influences on non-compliance, particularly its key factors and impacts, as well as the interconnections that exacerbate these challenges. This study integrates narrative and bibliometric approaches to critically synthesize and visualize factors contributing to TB treatment non-compliance and its impacts. By addressing research gaps, this study aims to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the multifactorial challenges and proposing evidence-informed strategies to address clinical and epidemiological issues. Methods: A systematic search of Scopus, EBSCO (Medline), ScienceDirect, and PubMed databases identified empirical studies published up to December 2024. Thematic synthesis categorized factors into overarching themes, while bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer software visualized factors and their interconnections. Results: The review identified key factors such as poor tuberculosis knowledge, stigma, side effects, and economic constraints, interacting with demographic, psychological, and systemic barriers. Network visualization highlighted the interconnections among these factors, illustrating how they compound to exacerbate non-compliance. Clinical and epidemiological impacts include MDR/XDR-TB, prolonged treatment, and community transmission. Conclusions: TB treatment non-compliance arises from a complex interplay of individual, socio-economic, and healthcare-related factors. This review emphasizes the importance of integrated narrative and bibliometric approaches to develop context-specific strategies for improving adherence, reducing the global TB burden, and guiding future research and policy.
Bericht über das Verhör des religiösen Schwärmers Mikuláš Vlásenický im Jahre 1471 und seine deutsche Übertragung durch Martin Paeonius. Zu einer frühen Übersetzung aus dem Tschechischen ins Deutsche
Authors: Bok Václav
Published: February 2025

The report of the interrogation of the arrested religious visionary Mikuláš Vlásenický at Choustník Castle in 1471 is known from two Czech copies dated around the mid 16th century. It was published in print around the 1540s, but only one incomplete copy has survived (Library of the National Museum in Prague, signature 27 F 27 Adl. 4.). The entry in the manuscript collection of Martin Bydžovský of Florentino on King Maximilian II (National Archives Prague, fund of the Vyšehrad Chapter, Book 358) for 1576 is a copy of another, nowadays no more existing, edition. According to the report, which unambiguously favours Vlásenický, it was a religious disputation rather than an interrogation, the main subject of which was communion under one or both kinds. Vlásenický allegedly defeated the Catholic priests and was acquitted. Around 1558, the Lutheran clergyman Martin Peonius translated the report from Czech into German. He omitted several passages, but instead expanded the text significantly and intensified the attacks against the Catholics and the Pope. His translation was published in at least 16 editions between 1558 and 1610. It is one of the oldest translations from Czech into German.
Impact of Probiotics or Synbiotics Supplementation on Weight Gain and Diarrhea in Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Sabrina Hermelien , Tsania Nadira  Muthi , Prasadajudio Mirari
Published: February 2025

Background: Malnutrition remains a critical global health concern, with both short- and long-term consequences. Children suffering from malnutrition frequently exhibit gut dysfunction, which leads to growth retardation, impaired absorption of essential nutrients and vitamins, and immune dysfunction. Diarrhea is one of the most common conditions in children with malnutrition and can further worsen their condition. Probiotics have been proposed as a potential adjunctive therapy in malnutrition due to their role in modulating gut microbiota. This study aims to evaluate the effects of probiotics on weight gain and diarrhea specifically in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM).
Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across six databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar) using relevant keywords. Data were extracted and analyzed using Review Manager for meta-analysis.
Result: Four studies, encompassing a total 1662 patient met the inclusion criteria. Probiotics are proven to reduce significantly the duration of diarrhea and improve the recovery (SMD -0.70; 95% CI -0.89 to -0.50; I² = 0%, p < 0.00001). However, they are not diminishing the incidence of diarrhea. Moreover, this study concluded that the use of probiotics or synbiotics did not significantly impact weight gain.
Conclusion: Probiotics demonstrated efficacy in reducing the duration of diarrhea, but not its incidence, potentially contributing to improved recovery outcomes. However, their impact on weight gain in children with SAM remains inconclusive. Further research with larger studies is warranted to identify factors influencing probiotic efficacy and to explore their potential role in the comprehensive management of SAM.
Identifikasi Sampah Penghasil Mikroplastik di Hilir Sungai Tembuku Kota Jambi
Authors: Hernanda Isra Fajri , Saragih Guntar Marolop , Umi Kalsum Siti
Published: February 2025

Sebagian besar plastik yang terbuang ke lingkungan akan mengakibatkan timbulan sampah plastik. Sampah plastik yang terfragmentasi menjadi berukuran <5 mm disebut mikroplastik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis sampah plastik dan kandungan mikroplastik pada air sungai di daerah Hilir Aliran Sungai Tembuku, maka dari itu perlu dilakukan identifikasi dengan metode kuantitatif. Jenis sampah plastik yang teridentifikasi dengan klasifikasi sesuai dengan ASTM International Resin Identification Coding System adalah: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET); Low density polyethylene (LDPE); Polypropylene (PP); Polystyrene (PS); dan Other (O). Kelimpahan mikroplastik ditemukan berkisar antara 590 sampai dengan 850 partikel/liter. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Polymer Risk Index (PRI) pada sampel air sungai berada pada kategori sedang dan Pollution Load Index berada pada kategori sangat tinggi. Dibutuhkan adanya pengendalian pencemaran sampah plastik ke lingkungan terutama daerah aliran sungai seperti pemilahan sampah dari rumah, penambahan tempat pembuangan sementara dan regulasi terkait penanganan maupun mitigasi masalah terkait pencemaran mikroplastik ke lingkungan
Monitoring carbamate and organophosphate pesticides in pasteurized milk
Authors: Bari Maria Antônia Torres de , Zanoni Ana Paula Kuller , Tamanini Ronaldo , Faccin Tatiane Cargnin , Gonzaga Natália , Xavier João Victor Sobreira , Fernandes Glaura Scantamburlo Alves , Fagnani Rafael
Published: February 2025

Milk is an essential and widely consumed food. In 2022, Brazil produced approximately 25 billion liters of milk for human consumption, and contamination by agrochemicals can have significant impacts on public health. This study analyzed organophosphate and carbamate pesticide residues, as well as its physicochemical and microbiological quality in pasteurized milk sold in Londrina and Arapongas, Brazil. From June to December 2017, 35 samples of pasteurized milk were obtained from the commercial market and analyzed by HPLC and physical-chemical and microbiological tests for freezing point, alkaline phosphatase, lactoperoxidase, and Enterobacteriaceae count. All the samples met the maximum residue limits for both classes of agrochemicals, indicating safe consumption and good agricultural practices. However, the potential effects of degradation byproducts on human health from milk consumption require further investigation. Regarding the physicochemical and microbiological quality, 9% of the samples showed post-pasteurization contamination and 3% indicated water addition. Thus, it is concluded that the biggest challenge for pasteurized milk production industries is to avoid post-pasteurization microbiological contamination, and better tools and auditing are necessary to prevent and detect residual water.
White and Brown Crystal Sugar dietary: a high consumption effect in D. Melanogater
Authors: Caurio Aline Castro , Carriço Murilo Ricardo Sigal , Enderle Jefferson , Soares Jefferson de Jesus , Manfredini Vanusa , Roehrs Rafael , Denardin Elton Luís Gasparotto
Published: February 2025

The high consumption of sugars in their different forms has been of concern to the International Health organization (WHO). In this study, D. melanogater (born in the dietary medium - Generation F1) male and females were submitted to a white (WS) and brown (BS) Cristal Sugars rich diet. Results obtained indicate an increase in oxidative stress with an increase in the consumption of sugar in the diet, as observed in the increase in the enzymatic activity of SOD, CAT and GPx. These results are corroborated by analyzes of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), carbonyl content and ROS (DCFH), which clearly demonstrate an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species with the increase in the consumption of sugars both white and brown crystal sugars. Another effect observed by the increase in sugar consumption was the augmentation in glucose levels (white and brown sugars) and in iron levels (brown sugar). In this sense, the high consumption of iron in brown sugar has contributed more strongly to the formation of ROS in D. melanogaster, mainly in females.
Evaluation of chloride deposition using the wet candle method: a study in the city of Cabo Frio, RJ
Authors: Barbosa Renata Cristina Fernandes , Barbosa Rodrigo César Fernandes , Barbosa Rafael Carlos Fernandes , Strunkis Carolina de Medeiros , Casartelli Evelton Alves , Wally Gustavo Bosel , Magalhães Fábio Costa
Published: February 2025

In a context of durability design of reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to establish the divisions of the aggressiveness classes of the different maritime and coastal environments in order to contribute to the study of the classification of environmental aggressiveness. In this paper, the deposition of aggressive ions and the general climatic aspects of the coastal region of the city of Cabo Frio, RJ, are evaluated. For the analysis, the wet candle method (Brazilian NBR 6211, 2001) was adopted. The exhibitions were held at five different points throughout the city, each with three wet candles. To quantify the chloride content, the conductimetry method was used, which is done by measuring the electrical conductivity of an electrolyte solution due to ion migration. The results point to a high level of chlorides in the initial range of distance from the sea and a considerable decrease from approximately 900 meters from the seashore. In this way, it was possible to verify that the city, in its interior, is under moderate to minimal aggressiveness. In the initial distances of the seashore, there is high aggressiveness. These results show the importance of considering micro exposure environments during the design phase of reinforced concrete structures.
Trigonometric solutions that relate geometrical quantities of the triangle and the inscribed circle
Authors: Parolin Radael de Souza , Santos Alisson Darós
Published: February 2025

This paper is concerned with the relations between a triangle and its inscribed circle. We obtained a specific class of trigonometric solutions that determine the area of the triangle from the radius of the inscribed circle and from two fixed sides of the triangle. To prove our results, we use trigonometric relations from Euclidean geometry, Viète formulas for roots of polynomial functions, Lagrange multipliers and Differential Calculus in one and two variables. In addition, we explain the behavior of these solutions through computer simulations including the intervals of existence and specific numerical cases. Moreover, we describe the relations between the triangle area and the inscribed circle area.
Annatto seeds: Extraction of essential oil of four cultivars, characterization by LC-MS/MS and non-destructive NIR Spectrometer
Authors: Pacheco Samanta Daliana Golin , Dias Josiane Fátima Gaspari , Lazzarotto Marcelo , Miguel Marilis Dalarmi , Ballesteros Meira , Marques Francisco de Assis , Souza Angela Maria de , Nisgoski Silvana , Montrucchio Deise Prehs , Miguel Obdulio Gomes
Published: February 2025

In annatto seeds, we find a healthy and nutritious pigment in the diet. Annatto seeds are grown in South and Central America and have been used for centuries as a natural food coloring. The Bixin pigment can be extracted after extracting the essential oil, adding more value to the seed. Essential oil also has great value in the industry. The identification of four cultivars of annatto seeds in the trade is important, and quick evaluation whit preserving the seeds as near-infrared techniques can be a good alternative. The current work investigated near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for annatto seeds and essential oil. The essential oil was extracted with the Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy. NIR spectra were obtained from fresh seeds and after the essential oil extraction. The best pre-treatment was the second derivative for fresh seeds, and after oil extraction both the first and second derivatives are adequate. NIR spectroscopy showed the potential for discrimination of annatto seeds cultivars non-destructively.
On second-order linear difference equations associated with hybrid sequences and generating functions
Authors: Wagner Adriana , Ribeiro Andreia Cristina , Spreafico Elen Viviani Pereira , Craveiro Irene Magalhães , Carlos Tatiana Bertoldi
Published: February 2025

This article presents explicit formulas for the class of homogeneous linear recurrence of order 2 with constant coefficients associated with hybrid sequences, determined through generating functions. Furthermore, the applications of the resolution method in each case are all displayed and the relations between Binet's formulas and the expressions obtained via generating functions are discussed. Illustrative examples are given to clarify the approach.
Magnetic hysteresis in systems presenting perpendicular anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Authors: Acosta Heloísa Suffert , Figueiró Bruno Monteiro , Oliveira Artur Harres de
Published: February 2025

Micromagnetic calculations were performed to study the impact of interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriyainteraction (iDMI) on the magnetization reversal process of thin films presenting perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). Systems characterized by low, intermediary or high PMA were explored. As the parameter that controls the intensity of iDMI is increased, significant modifications in the magnetization loops may be observed, mainly associated with the emergence of magnetic domains. Analysing the magnetization spatial distribution, it is verified that the formation of Néel type domain walls and magnetic skyrmions are favored by iDMI.
Assessment of the energy potential of waste destined for landfill CIGRES-RS
Authors: Dornbusch Bernardo , Passini Aline Ferrão Custodio , Alves Nagle Rosa , Borba Willian Fernando de , Rodrigues Alexandre Couto , Cadore Jéssica Stefanello
Published: February 2025

Managing urban solid waste (MSW) is challenging throughout the Brazilian territory. This study aimed to quantify the energy potential of solid waste destined for landfills managed by the Intermunicipal Consortium for Solid Waste Management (CIGRES) for electricity generation. The potential for electrical energy, the number of homes that can be served, and the equivalent value in electrical power to be obtained with the waste transported to the CIGRES landfill, which is responsible for the final disposal of MSW in 31 regional municipalities, were evaluated. Three possible scenarios were simulated, the first making the energy use of all waste sent to the landfill, the second recycling 16% of the suitable material, and the last recycling 30%. In the best scenario, a value of 58,774.63 kWh/day was obtained, sufficient to attend 6,603 residences, while in the scenario with 30% recycling, this number drops to 46,193.75 kWh, providing enough for 5,190 homes. The equivalent value for these numbers, using the electricity price in the region, would be R$ 25,508.19/day in the scenario with greater energy use and R$ 20,048.08/day by recycling 30% of the available material. The costs of implementing and operating this type of undertaking are still high in the country. Thus, partnerships with other consortia should be sought to make the activity viable.
Analysis of the interdependence between species in reforestation projects in the Amazon
Authors: Silva Nathan Souza da , Meyer João Frederico da Costa Azevedo , Salvatierra Marcos Marreiro , Celestine Agbata Benedict , Santos Carlos Frank Lima dos
Published: February 2025

This study employs mathematical and computational approaches to model the interaction between four tree species in a reforestation area. The modeling integrates the diffusion-advection equation with the classical Lotka-Volterra model, which results in a complex system of non-linear partial differential equations. To tackle the complexity of the system, numerical methods, such as the Central Finite Difference Method for the discretization of space and the Crank-Nicolson Method for the discretization of time are employed. The researchers implement these methods using MATLAB software to create an algorithm that generates realistic scenarios over a specified period, and the parameters were estimated based on results extracted from the literature. The generated results provide valuable insights, represented through graphical depictions of approximate solutions in hypothetical scenarios. These visuals allow for the exploration of potential ecological succession trajectories within the environment.
Escoamento Couette entre placas paralelas: estudo de caso para o ensino de dinâmica de fluidos computacional
Authors: Jatobá Livia Flavia Carletti , Sardinha Sthefany Machado
Published: February 2025

A Dinâmica dos Fluidos Computacional resolve numericamente as equações do escoamento de fluidos. O ensino dessa área abrange métodos numéricos, modelagem e ferramentas computacionais, sendo um desafio interdisciplinar desenvolver conteúdo didático para graduação. O presente trabalho apresenta metodologia para o ensino do m´método dos volumes finitos e das etapas de uma simulação de dinâmica dos fluidos através do estudo de caso do escoamento Couette entre placas planas. O trabalho apresenta o conteúdo didático para dedução das equações discretas usando o método dos volumes finitos para o escoamento estacionário 1D puramente difusivo. A montagem e solução do sistema algébrico ´e feita através da ferramenta livre, CalcMe, um aplicativo online para cálculos algébricos. Em seguida, o mesmo caso ´e resolvido usando uma ferramenta de simulação livre, o OpenFOAM®, e o produto didático ´é apresentado no formato de um tutorial. Por fim, o presente trabalho adota apenas ferramentas livres e apresenta metodologia que visa mitigar os efeitos da simulação “caixa preta”, através de um material didático explicativo, que visa ampliar o acesso ao conhecimento da solução numérica e usabilidade de uma ferramenta de simulação de dinâmica dos fluidos.
Optimal drug administration of mixed cytotoxic and immunostimulating agents for cancer treatment via multi-objective optimization
Authors: Torres Maicon de Paiva , Silva Géssica Ramos da , Lobato Fran Sérgio , Libotte Gustavo Barbosa
Published: February 2025

Cancer represents a significant concern in terms of global public health, standing out as one of the main causes of death and a barrier to the advancement of life expectancy. The costs associated with cancer treatment have grown above the rate of inflation, driven by the increase in the number of new patients diagnosed, costs of materials and drugs involved, and inefficiency of care, which is becoming increasingly complex and uncoordinated. The mixed administration of immunotherapy and chemotherapy drugs plays a key role in cancer treatment. However, such treatments combination can present challenges arising from the complex interactions between these two therapeutic modalities. This work aims to identify the optimal combination of treatments that allows for minimizing both the tumor volume and the adverse effects resulting from the joint administration of drugs through a multi-objective optimization approach, establishing guidelines for optimal drug administration in the context of combined immunotherapy and chemotherapy.
The Salzer Summation and the numerical inversion of the Laplace Transform: performance analysis for oscillatory, exponential and logarithmic functions
Authors: Schmidt Renan de Almeida , Paz Murilo da Cunha , Rodriguez Bárbara Denicol do Amaral , Prolo Filho João Francisco
Published: February 2025

This article presents a study of the Salzer Summation, a technique for the numerical inversion of the Laplace Transform, applied to the inversion of five elementary functions with different behaviors: two oscillatory, two exponential and one logarithmic. Three of the functions studied have a variable parameter a (factor incorporated to investigate the efficiency of the method in dealing with functions of the same class). The algorithm's performance was analyzed for each value of M (number of terms in the sum) and parameter a chosen, through the Mean Absolute Error, graphical representation and execution times approximate. For the set of five functions presented (and for each a), the optimal value of M was determined. It was found that a does not significantly influence the execution time, unlike the parameter M, which directly interferes. Also, it was concluded that for oscillatory functions, the method presents convergence difficulties as the frequency increases
Predictive modeling of student success using machine learning
Authors:   South East European University, Tetovo, Republic of North Macedonia, Hoti Arbër , Zenuni Xhemal ,   South East European University, Tetovo, Republic of North Macedonia, Ajdari Jaumin ,   South East European University, Tetovo, Republic of North Macedonia, Ismaili Florije ,   South East European University, Tetovo, Republic of North Macedonia
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a comprehensive study of predictive models for student success, leveraging machine learning techniques to analyze diverse factors affecting academic performance in higher education. Using a dataset of students from various institutions in Kosovo, encompassing demographic, socioeconomic, and academic attributes, the research employs and evaluates several machine learning algorithms to predict the dropout rate. To address the issue of unbalanced data, SMOTE and ADASYN techniques were implemented, enhancing the predictive accuracy. The study identifies significant predictors of student success, and the results indicate that machine learning can accurately predict student outcomes, providing educational institutions with actionable insights to mitigate dropout rates and enhance student support.
DNA-based cryptosystem integrating Wichmann-Hill and mixed congruence algorithms for enhanced data security
Authors:   University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia, Alshammari Ahmed
Published: February 2025

This paper proposes a DNA-based cryptosystem integrating the Wichmann-Hill Algorithm (WHA) and Mixed Congruence Algorithm (MCA) to enhance encryption security. By employing WHA and MCA as hybrid pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs), the system dynamically generates encryption keys, improving randomness and attack resistance. Binary data is encoded into DNA sequences and encrypted using complementary rules, XOR, and permutations. The combined entropy from WHA and MCA ensures highly random outputs, validated by NIST tests, with a key size of ~76 bits for brute-force resistance. Performance evaluations confirm real-time efficiency, while multi-layered encryption enhances cryptanalytic defense. This framework demonstrates the potential of DNA-based cryptography integrated with advanced PRNGs to address modern security challenges and enhance bio-inspired encryption methodologies
Resource analysis of methods for assessing the dependability of power supply systems in conditions of negative impacts
Authors:   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Odessa, Ukraine, Maevsky Dmitry , Maevskaya Elena ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Odessa, Ukraine, Kryvda Viktoriia ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Odessa, Ukraine, Stetsiuk Dmytro ,   Odessa Polytechnic National University, Odessa, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The article aims to analyse existing methods for assessing the reliability and dependability of power supply systems in the event of partial or complete failure of such systems. The basis for the analysis is the resources that must be spent to perform dependability assessments, such as the complexity of calculations, the amount of initial data required to assess the reliability of complex electrical systems and time costs. Resource analysis was performed for the deterministic methods of system modelling, the Markov analysis method, and the Monte Carlo method. Based on the analysis, a conclusion was drawn about the feasibility of using Markov analysis for assessing the dependability of complex power supply systems. A list of possible events from external negative impacts on power supply systems' generating and distribution capacities was developed and substantiated for use in Markov analysis.
Smartphone Addiction and Its Psychological Consequences among University Students in Pakistan
Authors: Haadia Hidayat  , Aqsa Waqar  , Asaad  , Qurat Ul Ain Sammar  , Nusrat Jabeen  , Zaib Samraz
Published: February 2025

Background: Negative psychological outcomes, particularly among college students, have been linked with excessive smartphone use. Over-dependence on smartphones can result in emotional upheaval which can lead to unsatisfactory academic achievement not to mention overall wellbeing.
Aim: The objective of this study is to assess the impact of smartphone addiction on depression, anxiety, and stress level among students of varying faculties and institutions in the country.
Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 400 students from four major universities in Pakistan. The smartphone dependency was assessed using SAS (Smartphone Addiction Scale) while the psychologic distress was measured with DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales). The survey conducted was cross sectional and the analysis was conducted by correlation analysis and ANOVA to find out relationships or differences between groups.
Results: The results showed that smartphone addiction is significantly positively correlated to depression (r = .68, p < .001), anxiety (r = .63, p < .001), and stress (r = .60, p < .001). The higher the smartphone addiction levels, the increased psychological distress one faces. In all three areas, the students from Karachi were found to have greater smartphone addiction and more psychological distress than students from other cities. Students of computer science and engineering reported high levels of smartphone addiction and advanced psychological distress compared to inline Medical or Law students.
Conclusion: The overuse of smartphones is a major contributing factor to emotional problems suffered by university students. To reduce irritation and aid in achieving digital wellness, specific initiatives, ‘detox’ programs, and information awareness campaigns should be prioritized.
Mathematical Foundations of Machine Learning in Software Development
Authors: Rabia Abbas  , Muhammad Awais Arslan  , Muhammad Shoaib  , Khadija Shakoor  , Hoor Fatima Yousaf
Published: February 2025

The study on the functional foods of the fundamental kind gives the formation of rules development and optimization in the Engineering software program. The computation study implements functionally integrated MAEs using the rules and their division into the developing and operating phases of the software platform. The technology used for the software platform is based on the knowledge of software technology and computational algorithms. This includes the creation of the required mathematical formulas responsible for making the program as efficient as possible. New study forces us to pay greater attention to the mathematical roots of linear algebra while teaching the increasing inclusion of ML in software systems, because ML needs a full understanding of the AI and the ML relationships as well as the ML mathematical foundation, such as the inclusion of the mathematical ideas of the software. The advantage of using mathematics in software systems is to make them important, become ubiquitous, and base accurate reasoning on them. This viewpoint is unexplored. It estimates the empirical performance of the course materials on real motors using static mathematical modeling to predict the forthcoming data sets produced. The present investigation shows that mathematical principles can boost machine learning model performance to an extent where software programmers can warrant the creation of even more efficient and stable software systems.  To illustrate, optimization methods such as gradient descent, probabilistic model-based methods, and dimension reduction techniques such as PCA have been successful in managing version performance and computational functionality No wonder, the investigation affirms that the hassle is expressed in the processing of high-dimensional data and the large system understanding issues, and also points out the probable future research areas such as designing better algorithms and uncertainty control methods for real-world issues. To sum up, the research stresses the significance of the underpinning mathematical methodologies in the process of learning tools and software engineering disciplines.
Smart Rural Development: Using Information Technology for Sustainable Rural Planning
Authors: Yar Fayaz Gul Mazloum , Naderi Mohammad Edris
Published: February 2025

Sustainable rural development is essential for enhancing rural communities' economic, social, and environmental well-being. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, limited access to essential services, and environmental degradation hinder progress in this domain. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) offer innovative solutions to overcome these obstacles by facilitating better planning, improved decision-making, and enhanced connectivity. This study explores the role of ICT in sustainable rural development, emphasizing its application in agriculture, healthcare, education, and governance. Through Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing, mobile technologies, and e-governance platforms, ICT fosters efficient resource management, boosts economic resilience, and strengthens community participation. Despite the potential benefits, digital literacy gaps, infrastructure deficiencies, and financial constraints remain key barriers to implementation. The study highlights the importance of strategic investments, stakeholder collaboration, and policy interventions to maximize ICT’s impact on rural development. By integrating ICT into planning frameworks, rural communities can achieve long-term sustainability, economic growth, and improved quality of life
The Effect of Working Alliance on Online Counseling Settings in Lowering Anxiety Levels
Authors: Alifa Hafnia Rahma , Nugraha Suci , Nawangsih Endah
Published: February 2025

Telepsychology in Indonesia can be a solution to overcome the shortage of mental health professionals to address psychological problems, but it is a new challenge for counselors. Anxiety clients prefer online psychology services because of 1) easier access to feel accompanied by them when they are anxious and 2) they need immediate help in the event of a panic or anxiety attack. The public's interest in using telepsychology has not been accompanied by empirical data on the ability of counselors to provide online counseling services, especially in establishing working alliances. This research is the second stage. The first phase of research was conducted on 93 counselors who were selected through a simple random sampling technique. The result is that it is difficult for counselors to carry out extra therapy influence when conducting online counseling. This second research began by developing a way to increase extra therapy influence through monitoring tasks based on the principle of constructing tasks (Kazantzis et al., 2005) and monitoring tasks via text (Alfonsson et al., 2019) to overcome the difficulties of counselors in monitoring task assignments and conducting a test of the influence of the provision of monitoring modules structured in an online counseling setting to lower anxiety levels. The design of this second study is an equivalent comparison group design, with a total of 6 participants obtained through the purposive sampling technique.
Hubungan Kualitas Tidur dengan Night Eating Syndrome pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado Angkatan 2024
Authors: Raisa Aurelia Kemala , Hellen Carol Pangemanan Damajanty , Polii Hedison
Published: February 2025

This study explores the relationship between sleep quality and Night Eating Syndrome (NES) among medical students of Sam Ratulangi University, Class of 2024. Among students/young adults, eating behavior disorders are increasingly prevalent, one of which is NES. Such eating habits are linked to lifestyle factors, sleep duration, sleep quality, and physical activity. This research employs a quantitative approach using observational research methods with a cross-sectional design. The sample consists of 70 students who do not consume sleeping pills. Sampling was conducted using Random Sampling techniques. The results of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between sleep quality and night eating syndrome in students of the Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University Class of 2024, where the worse the sleep quality, the higher the risk of NES. Using the Fisher Exact of (0.011), indicating a significant relationship between sleep quality and NES among medical students of Sam Ratulangi University, Class of 2024. The conclusion there is a significant relationship between sleep quality and Night Eating Syndrome (NES).
Evaluasi Kinerja Guru SD di Kabupaten Tabalong Menggunakan Metode Kuantitatif
Authors: Susanty Susanty , Aslamiah Aslamiah , Norhapizah Norhapizah , Novitawati Novitawati
Published: February 2025

Teacher performance is a crucial element in the quality of education, influenced by various factors such as leadership style, work environment, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), interpersonal communication, and organizational commitment. These factors can interact and affect how teachers carry out their duties in the educational environment. However, the limited research that simultaneously evaluates the impact of these factors on teacher performance in a single region serves as an important basis for this study. The aim of this study is to comprehensively evaluate how leadership style, work environment, organizational citizenship behavior, interpersonal communication, and organizational commitment affect teacher performance. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of these factors into a single analysis, providing a broader understanding of teacher performance in Tabalong District. This study employs a quantitative approach with regression analysis to test the existing hypotheses. The results show that all the factors tested have a significant effect on teacher performance, with organizational commitment playing an important role in improving performance. These findings suggest that improving these factors can enhance educational quality through the improvement of teacher performance. In conclusion, this study emphasizes that to improve the quality of education, it is essential to address and strengthen the factors influencing teacher performance, particularly by enhancing organizational commitment, which has been shown to significantly impact teacher performance.
Hubungan antara Work Life Balance dengan Burnou pada Perawat
Authors: De Jong Elvira , Titi Pratitis Niken , Yul Arifiana Isrida
Published: February 2025

Burnout, which is characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and decreased personal achievement, is a major challenge for mental health nurses at Ambon Hospital. This study aims to analyze the relationship between Work-Life Balance (WLB) and burnout, with the hypothesis that a better WLB can lower the burnout rate. The study used a quantitative correlational approach, with data collected from 127 nurses through a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out using the Spearman Rank Correlation method to identify the relationship between variables. The results showed a significant negative association between WLB and burnout (r = -0.559, p < 0.05), indicating that the better the work-life balance, the lower the risk of burnout. These findings emphasize the importance of supportive time management strategies and work environments to improve the mental well-being and productivity of nurses. The study also provides recommendations for health organizations to prioritize programs that support work-life balance. Further research is recommended to involve a wider population and use a longitudinal approach to gain deeper insights into the factors that affect burnout in the health work environment.
The impact of internal and external physical factors on indoor radon concentrations as a current problem of the health system in the conditions of regional climate change
Authors: Overcenco Ala , Coretchi Liuba
Published: February 2025

Climate change may intensify radon migration into homes, increasing health risks. Energy efficiency strategies may contribute to indoor radon accumulation, especially during winter and summer when homes are sealed to maintain thermal comfort balance. Studies from various regions of the world show that meteorological factors influence indoor radon concentration directly or indirectly. Collecting meteorological data simultaneously with indoor radon measurements and studying their relations is essential for understanding these interactions and developing strategies for prevention and adaptation of public health system to future climate. Based on international experience, the methodology for evaluating the influence of meteorological factors on the risk of exposure to radon in a regional aspect was developed.
Impact of gut dysbiosis on coenzyme Q10 levels
Authors: Ratea Camelia , Socianu Adriana-Daniela , Voidazan Septimiu Toader
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the relationship between intestinal dysbiosis and coenzyme Q10 deficiency in a group of 13 patients. The results indicated that all participants exhibited a coenzyme Q10 deficiency, associated with imbalances in intestinal microbiota, elevated fecal pH, and a highmicrobialload, particularly for pathogenicspeciessuch as Candida albicans. These changes suggeset that dysbiosis may affect the absorption and utilization of coenzyme Q10, reducing metabolic efficiency and promoting oxidative stress. The study highlights the critical role of a balanced microbiota in maintaining optimal coenzyme Q10 levels, essential for mitochondrial and antioxidant health. Conclusions recommend dietary and probiotic interventions to restore microbiotic balance, aiming to improve coenzyme Q10 absorption and support the body’s energy and immune functions. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring and optimizing intestinal health in managing coenzyme Q10 deficiencies.
A Category Theory-Inspired BBN
Authors: Gilliam Eric
Published: February 2025

As some readers know, I’ve recently joined Renaissance Philanthropy (RenPhil). While I hope to put many ideas from FreakTakes into practice at RenPhil, I’ll be particularly focused on one goal: building more BBNs.