bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FEATURES OF SURGICAL TACTICS OF TREATMENT OF ACUTE CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS OCCURRING AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Zorik V. V. , Karipidi G. K. , Morozov A. V.
Published: December 2018

Aim.The study was conducted to improve the results of the surgical treatment of acute calculous cholecystitis occurring against the background of diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods.In course of our study, we analyzed the treatment results of 687 patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. Depending on the presence of diabetes, all patients were divided into two groups. The main group with concomitant diabetes mellitus included 68 (9,9%) patients, whereas the control group without diabetes included 619 (90,1%) patients. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on 636 (92,6%) patients, and open cholecystectomy was performed on 51 (7,4%) patients. 

Results.According to the histological study, the greatest number of destructive forms occurs in patients with concomitant diabetes, operated after 24 hours. The least postoperative complications occur in patients of both groups operated from 12 to 24 hours. However, the incidence of complications is 4-5 times higher in patients with diabetes mellitus. Postoperative complications in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis occurring on the background of sugar diabetes were observed after open cholecystectomy in 33,3% of cases and in 6,5% of cases after laparoscopic surgery.

ConclusionIn patients with acute cholecystitis and concomitant diabetes, surgical treatment should be performed on the first day after the preoperative preparation during the first 12 hours, aimed at compensating for diabetes and improving microcirculation. The preference should be given to laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which reduces the number of postoperative complications by 5 times and mortality by 4.5 times.
APPLICATION OF COMPUTER MICROTOMOGRAPHY IN THE STUDY OF MORPHOSTRUCTURAL PECULIARITIES OF HARD TISSUES OF TEETH IN EARLY FORMS OF CARIOUS LESIONS
Authors: Domenyuk D. A. , Chukov S. Z. , Anfinogenova O. I. , Rzhepakovsky I. V. , Ivanyuta O. O.
Published: December 2018

Aim. The research was designed to assess the capabilities of the microcomputer tomography method with the subsequent image analysis and determination of the mineral optical density of demineralized areas to improve the early diagnosis of fissure caries of permanent molars after the eruption.

Materials and methods. Using a high-resolution X-ray microtomograph “Skyscan 1176” (“Bruker”, Belgium) followed by post-processing and analysis of the obtained tomograms, 75 molars of children aged 8-11 were removed by orthodontic indications. Of the total number of teeth removed, research groups were formed – teeth without signs of demineralization and teeth with carious lesions in the stage of white, light brown, brown and black spots. In the reconstructed 2D and 3D images were identified the zones in the outer (0.05-0.5 mm), middle (0.75-1.25 mm) and inner (1.5-2.0 mm) thirds of the thickness of the enamel layer followed by the computation in the CTvox program (3.3.0-1403, Bruker-micro CT) of the averaged X-ray (mineral) density indicators.

Results. According to the tomograms of the teeth of the studied groups, the average indicators of the mineral optical density of the intact teeth enamel were identified as well as the average indicators of teeth with various types of carious lesions within the enamel. The following sequence was revealed in descending order of the parameters of optical density: healthy enamel (2.47±0.12 g/cm3) – caries in the white spot stage (2.41±0.11 g/cm3) – caries in the light brown spot stage (2.32±0.07 g/cm3) – caries in the brown spot stage (2.18±0.12 g/cm3) – caries in the black spot stage (1.81±0.12 g/cm3). Identifying the correlations between the color of carious lesion and mineral density of tooth enamel broadens the understanding of the mechanisms of the development of caries pathogenesis and contributes to the improvement of therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at improving caries resistance.

Conclusion.The use of microcomputer tomography in combination with other special methods characterizes fissure caries as a sequential, gradually progressing destructive process of hard tooth tissues (from focal demineralization to cavity formation), which establishes the relationship between the intensity of internal disturbances and external damage.
COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF THE DISPERSE ZONE OF WEATHERING CRUST OF GRANITOIDS OF THE TERRITORY OF THE CITY OF CHELYABINSK
Authors: Baranovskiy A. G.
Published: December 2018

Residual clay soils are the bases of industrial and civil buildings and structures in the Urals region. Therefore, the study of the composition, structure and properties of residual soils, serving as the bases for projected and under construction objects, is a primary task that contributes to a more rational conduct of all types of engineering surveys. The paper examines the results of investigation of structural strength, chemical and mineral compositions of residual clayey soils of the dispersed zone of the granitoids weathering crust of the Chelyabinsk pluton, their macro- and microstructure. According to the data of the investigations carried out, the dispersed zone of the weathering crust was subdivided into smaller subdivisions. Varieties in the thickness of residual clay soils are distinguished on the basis of qualitative (color, structural and texture features) and quantitative (physical and mechanical properties, structural strength) characteristics. Moreover, an attempt has been made to scientifically substantiate the isolation of varieties in the thickness of residual clay soils from the results of studying structural strength. Based on the analysis of the obtained results of studies, taking into account the classifications of different regulatory sources, the author shares in the general case the dispersed zone of the weathering crust according to the degree of structural strength into three varieties: structureless (residual clayey soil with secondary structural bonds acquired as a result of hypergenesis), weakly structural (weaklyclayey soil, which has strongly attenuated primary and also partially secondary bonds) and a structurally stable (residual clayey soil with strongly attenuated primary bonds). However, the conclusions drawn need to be confirmed through more studies, since the geotechnical information obtained as a result of the present study of the composition and structure of the dispersed zone of the weathering crust of granitoids of the Chelyabinsk batholith at three points is not enough.
ON THE TASKS OF REORGANIZATION ENGINEERING GEOLOGY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Trofimov V. T. , Korolev V. A.
Published: December 2018

The state of engineering geology in Russia and the main tasks for its reorganization in connection with the ongoing reform of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the current problems of the development of science in the Russian Federation in the present period are analyzed. The main drawbacks of the current state of engineering geology, according to the authors, are: 1) low level of organization and coordination of engineering and geological work, including scientific, in the country; 2) non-demand by the business of scientific developments and innovative achievements of modern engineering geology; 3) lowering the level of constantly updated and changing regulatory framework, especially in the field of engineering surveys; 4) shortcomings in the training of highly qualified engineers-geologists. The tasks of development of engineering geology in connection with the message of President Vladimir Putin to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on March 1, 2018 are considered. The analysis of the message of the President of the Russian Federation, implies at least five priorities, in the implementation of which modern geological engineering should also find its worthy place: 1) the spatial development of the country; 2) the development of communications; 3) the solution of a number of environmental issues; 4) the development of fundamental science; 5) training of highly qualified personnel. Without the participation of engineering geologists, the effective solution of these tasks is impossible. The theoretical (fundamental) and practical role of engineering geology, as the science of the geological cycle in solving these major problems is indicated. The necessity of the All-Russian Congress of Engineers-Geologists is substantiated, where it is proposed to discuss the pressing issues of the reorganization of engineering geology in the country, its structure, as well as actual theoretical (fundamental) and practical (applied) problems of its development, the training of highly qualified engineers and geologists, etc.
ON THE SURFACE MANIFESTATIONS OF KARST IN MOSCOW
Authors: Anikeev A. V. , Kozliakova I. V. , Kozhevnikova I. A.
Published: December 2018

The article summarizes existing information about the current surface manifestations of the covered carbonate karst in Moscow city territory. The analysis of engineering-geological conditions of sinkholes area in the north-west of the city is performed. The confinement of the sinkholes to places of overlapping of different ages entrenched streams and sites of ancient karst disturbances is noted. The technogenic reasons for the activation of sinks in the middle of the 20th century are considered and it is shown that the main factor is the change in the hydrodynamic regime. The most significant emergency situations in the north-west of Moscow were investigated and measures for liquidating the consequences, whose cost along with the value of destroyed objects determines the magnitude of direct economic damage, are characterized. On the example of a concrete sinkhole, the dynamics of emergency situation development are traced. The estimation of design decisions used for preservation of buildings and constructions stability in the places of possible sinkholes formation is given. It is concluded that one of the most important tasks of studying the development territories of a covered carbonate karst is to identify areas where ancient and buried old sinkholes are present and to classify these areas as hazardous. Now in Moscow there is only one such district in the north-west with an area of about 11 km2, despite the fact that sinks arise regularly throughout the city area. A rather complete information has been collected on the collapses and subsidence for the period from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day and an attempt has been made to reveal the superficial manifestations of karst in other parts of the city similar in geological conditions to the north-western region. A retrospective analysis of the engineering-geological conditions of the sites of modern sinks development is made and the karst-suffusion genesis of several collapses in the central part of Moscow has been determined, which gives grounds to single out another hazardous region here.
REGULARITIES OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF QUATERNARY SANDS OF DIFFERENT GENESIS ON THE TERRITORY OF RUSSIA
Authors: Averkina T. I.
Published: December 2018

Sands are widespread in the upper part of the geological section and are an important study subject in engineering geology. They lie at the base of surface facility, serve as a reservoir of underground objects and actively used as a building material. One of the important scientific and practical tasks facing geological engineers is the study of the regularities of sands distribution by area and geological section. It is especially relevant for the vast territory of our country, but there is currently no generalizing regional engineering-geological summary on sandy soils of all Russia. The article presents a schematic map of the distribution of sands of the Quaternary of various genesis, which fully covers the territory of the country and is compiled taking into account the latest results of geological plotting and mapping. The regularities of the distribution of sandy soils on the territory of Russia as a whole and within separate regions are described: young and ancient platforms of the European part (Timan-Pechora, Scythian and East-European); the ancient Siberian platform; young West-Siberian, Yano-Kolyma and Zeya-Bureya plates; orogenes of the European part, Siberia and the Far East; Baikal rift zone, as well as on the shelves of numerous seas washing the shores of Russia. The distribution of sands on the area and the section is discussed, their association with different genetic complexes of Quaternary deposits and certain elements of the relief. The Quaternary age sands that are developed within the engineering-geological zone of joint distribution of permafrost and thawed rocks and zone of practically continuous distribution of permafrost are described in the cryolithozone, which covers more than half of the country’s territory.
DATA PROCESSING TECHNIQUES FOR PUMPING TESTS WITH MULTIPLE PARTIALLY PENETRATING WELLS
Authors: Lekhov M. V.
Published: December 2018

In addition to correct planning, pumping tests with partial penetrating wells, requires methods of processing and calculating parameters that are understandable not only to hydrogeologists, but also to geologists of related specialties. The data processing procedure should be brought to simple plotting and formulas. This requires an understanding of the validity and limitations in the use of the original expressions. Data analysis should begin with a meaningful diagnosis of pumping modes on experimental plots. Developed in the last decades, analytical solutions are applicable to homogeneous aquifers and include complex mathematical functions with complex arguments. Their use requires software. Without justification of the applicability of the chosen model, the mechanical computer "calculation" of pumping has serious drawbacks. The article presents methods for calculating hydraulic parameters from experimental pumping data that can be applied to nonhomogeneous conditions and take into account both degree of partial penetration and near-well destruction. The techniques use the known methods of a straight line on the graphs of combined and area tracing drawdown in semi-logarithmic coordinates, developed for fully penetrating wells. To do this, the well-known formulas introduce a correction ζΣ for degree of partial penetration, anisotropy, inertia of the wells, and other factors. The coordinate of the observation well r is replaced by the rated value rp = r•exp( ζΣ/2). It is impossible to calculate ζΣ except for the case of a homogeneous aquifer. Therefore, it is necessary to determine rp by selection, seeking to combine the experimental well curves on the combined tracking plot. The application of the method requires a realistic view of the accuracy of the field test in general and the procedure used in particular. The article is illustrated by plots and calculations of real field tests, the presentation is accompanied by an analysis of the causes of defectiveness of pumping data.
Synthesis, characterization of visible active MO hallow spheres by combustion technique
Authors: G Thennarasu , A Sivasamy
Published: December 2018

A simple method to synthesize nano-sized hallow sphere such as Zn-Ce metal oxide (MO) by combustion technique. The product was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS) and Transmission electron microscope (TEM). The photocatalytic activity of Zn-Ce MO nano-sized hallow sphere was examined by studying the degradation of direct blue 71 (DB71) under visible light irradiations in a slurry photoreactor. The effect of parameters such as the catalyst dosage, concentration of the dye, pH and kinetics on photocatalytic degradation of DB71 is also studied. Degradation of dye was confirmed by UV-VIS spectrum, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ESI-Mass.
Applications of nanotechnology for textile products: a review
Authors: Nemailal Tarafder
Published: December 2018

The fundamentals of nanotechnology lie in the fact that the properties of materials drastically change when their dimensions are reduced to nanometer scale. Nanotextiles can be produced by a variety of methods. The use of nanotechnology in the textile industry has increased rapidly due to its unique and valuable properties. Changed or improved properties with nanotechnology can provide new or enhanced functionalities. Nanotechnology is a growing interdisciplinary technology and seen as a new industrial revolution. The future success of nanotechnology in textile applications lies in the areas where new principles will be combined into durable and multi-functional textile systems without compromising the inherent properties. The advances in nanotechnology have created enormous opportunities and challenges for the textile industry, including the cotton industry.
Digitalization of Competition in the Insurance Market
Authors: Bryzgalov D. V.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the influence of the insurance market digitalization on competition forms in insurance. The purpose of the research was to study the forms of competition and factors of competitiveness in the process of digitalization of insurance activities. The research findings revealed the specifics of competition between insurance companies in digital sales channels of insurance services, and identified groups of new factors in the competitiveness of insurance programs. The paper describes two models of the policyholder behavior typical for traditional and digital sales channels in the insurance market — classical and digital. It is concluded that the digitalization of the insurance market influences the competition between insurance companies making a shift towards the channel competition and contributing to the emergence of new competition factors for insurance programs developed with digital technologies.
Taxation of Income from Cryptocurrency-Related Activities
Authors: Pinskaya M. R. , Tsagan-Mandzhieva K. N.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the tax burden of organizations engaged in new types of activities using digital information and communication technologies. The purpose of the research was to determine the specific features of the crypto economy to be taken into account in the development of measures for the tax regulation of organizations in the digital economy. It was established that the transformation of approaches to information exchange allowing economic agents to make transactions on the basis of digital platforms not linked to the geographical borders of states makes legal entities and individuals more reluctant to delegate some of the powers to the state as an institution of power. The paper classifies foreign practices of direct taxation of incomes from purchase and sale of crypto-currency, which made it possible to identify prospects for the development of tax regulation in Russia. The conceptual scenarios of taxation of cryptoproducts are analyzed and it is concluded that in creating a cryptocurrency the deferred recognition of the object of taxation is advisable in order to reduce the tax risks of users.
Assessment of the Efficiency of Tax Authorities In the Time of the Economy Digitalization
Authors: Smirnova E. E.
Published: December 2018

The paper examines current aspects of the tax control policy ensuring timely and full budget gains during the transition to the digital economy. The subject of the research is managerial and tax relations under the economy digitalization conditions. The objectives of the research are the definition of targets for improving the efficiency of the service and control functions of tax authorities and determining the specifics of choosing indicators for the digitalization of the economy. The paper analyzes the efficiency of tax authorities by two criteria: the quality of providing the state services and the quality of the tax control implementation. It is concluded that the transformation of the activities of tax authorities in the digital economy with a shift from the exclusively control function tawards the emphasis on the service function requires a change in the tax employees motivation system and a higher degree of automation of their work.
The Electronic Budget Integrated Information System for Public Finance Management: Description and Development Trends
Authors: Zakharova N. M.
Published: December 2018

The subjects of the research are the structure and operation of an integrated information system of public finance management called the «Electronic Budget». The purpose of the work was to determine the key mechanisms for ensuring transparency, openness and accountability of activities of state bodies and local governments, federal and municipal institutions in the field of public finance management within the single information space framework. Based on the analysis of the structure and operation of the Electronic Budget system, it is concluded that the latter represents a single integrated platform for technological and service subsystems using uniform business processes, rules, reference information and a uniform technology for reflecting financial-economic activities of all participants of the budgeting process. Also the basic system performance criteria are defined and the key development trends are formulated.
Dynamics of Social Inequality in the Digital Economy: a Look from the Past to the Future
Authors: Osipova O. S. , Kapitanov V. A.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the economic inequality dynamics. The purpose of the research was statistical verification of the main factors affecting the dynamics of inequality in the digital economy. The research methodology includes the socio-synergic approach and the laws of mathematical statistics. The result of the research was a critical review of S. Kuznets’s views on the impact of economic growth on the dynamics of economic inequality. The conclusion made by T. Picketti that the U-shaped Kuznets curve transforms into the S-shaped curve is confirmed. It is proved that the contribution of the economic growth factor to the dynamics of the economic inequality is not predominant in the total system of all factors affecting the inequality dynamics. It is concluded that the economic growth resulting from technological innovations in the digital economy will not automatically lead to alleviation of the economic inequality; when modeling the social inequality, it is necessary to take into account the impact of such factors as the reallocation policy, particularly, the income taxation, the degree of social activity and good or poor organization of parties in labor relations.
Specific Features of the Technological Development of Russia under Conditions of the Evolving Digital Economy
Authors: Pogodina T. V.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the key stages, specifics and branches of the digital economy; foreign experience in the development of the digital economy and the utilization of the digital economy models and trends in the USA and China; technological platforms in Russia used in medicine, biotechnologies, data communication and aerospace technologies. The purpose of the research was to identify problems associated with insufficient upgrading of technological platforms as evidenced by the decreasing share of organizations implementing technological innovations in various activities. Based on the analysis, the factors contributing to the development of regional innovation systems have been identified and assessed in the context of the Russian federal districts. It is concluded that the insufficient development of the national innovation system is largely due to the poor coordination of regional innovation systems, the lack of interlinks and the underdeveloped technological base.
Digitalization of the Financial Sector of the Economy: Who will Receive Digital Dividends?
Authors: Bezsmertnaya E. R.
Published: December 2018

Nowadays, all sectors of the Russian economy are feeling a certain stress caused by the development of digital technologies. There is no doubt that the competitiveness of both individual companies and the state as a whole depends on what positions the domestic economic entities will occupy in the processes of digital transformation. The subject of the research is the specific features and prospects for the development of digitalization processes in Russia. The purpose of the research was to assess the potential benefits and possible challenges to the Russian economy in implementing innovative technology programs. The paper pays special attention to the specifics of the development of digital technologies in the financial sphere. It is concluded that the impact of digital technologies on the socio-economic development of society is ambiguous and a further study of foreign and domestic experience of digitalization and the development of innovative technologies is needed.
The Scientific and Technological Policy of the EU and Prospects of Its Adaptation to the EAEU Practices
Authors: Mironova V. N.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the scientific and technological cooperation of countries within the framework of an integration association based on the EU case study. The purpose of the research was to identify the main vectors of the coordinated scientific and technological policy of the EU with a focus on the feasibility of its application to the EAEU practices to enhance business activities of enterprises in solving their own tasks. The experience of the EU countries in the implementation of scientific, technological and innovation policies made it possible to formulate a number of principles, methods and tools that can be used in the EAEU practices. It is concluded that in terms of the achievements considered herein, the foreign practice can be useful taking into account challenges faced by countries and companies when solving common problems, and will help avoid errors in making decisions. Based on the European experience of shaping a general scientific, technological and innovation policy, it is proposed to apply the EU experience to the practical activities of the EAEU member states.
On Modernization of Regulation and New Models of Banking Business Development
Authors: Lavrushin O. I.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the problems of improving the regulation of the banking sector and new models for its development under the economic volatility conditions. The purpose of the research was to identify problems that affect the banking sector performance and the stability achieved. The research findings revealed that the emerging disproportions in economic development and the imperfection of risk management are urging banks to seek business models based on a comprehensive assessment of the monetary institutions efficiency covering the economic, social and organizational aspects of the banking sector. It is concluded that the improvement of the banking regulation framework involves its differentiation, raising the responsibility of banks for inflicted losses, updating their development strategies, better adjustment to the needs of the production sector.
Boosting the Business Activity: Does the Banking System have a Potential?
Authors: Pechalova M. Yu.
Published: December 2018

Despite the currently observed positive dynamics of the industrial production, the problem of reversing the Russian economy to the sustainable and balanced growth has not been resolved. The expansion of the investment lending by banks might give the necessary impetus to the economic development; however, the weak demand of corporate borrowers for long-term loans of late is counterbalanced by the unwillingness of creditors themselves to be at risk. The purpose of the study was to identify the reasons why the Russian banking system practically lost its potential to promote the business activity in the economy. The paper analyzes the expectations and uncertainty factors in the economy, exposes weaknesses of the resource base and the loan portfolio of the banking system and reveals the key trends in the regulation of the financial-and- banking sector. It is concluded that the problems aggregated during the last two crises, combined with the attitude of the regulator insisting on the limited role of banks in investment lending, do not allow the banking system to prove itself as one of the main driving forces contributing to the growth of other market segments.
Small Business Promotion Factors
Authors: Morozko N. I.
Published: December 2018

The paper examines approaches to boosting small businesses by solving financial and economic problems of business functioning. The subject of the research is the factors that stimulate business development in tough economic circumstances. The purpose of the research was to identify the factors affecting the development of small businesses and ways of boosting their activities. To this end, a SWOT-analysis matrix for a small organization has been developed. The factors hampering the development of small businesses are revealed including reduced investment, lack of cooperation between large and small companies, significant tax burden on small companies, difficulties in obtaining loans and other sources of financing, insufficient financial support from the state, inefficient microfinance system, scarce introduction of standard leasing schemes into small businesses. As a result of the research, small business promotion policies have been suggested to spur the activities of small business entities. It is concluded that at present the tools available for boosing the small business activities are not used in the full range.
Innovative Activity as a Tool for Business Promotion in Agriculture
Authors: Denezhkina I. E. , Anisimova S. V.
Published: December 2018

The innovation policy is a lever to overcome the recession in the economy and saturate the market with competitive domestic products. The agro-industrial complex (AIC) is the largest of the national economic sectors. The subject of the research is ways to invigorate the agricultural industry by using innovative approaches. The purpose of the research was intensification of the scientific and technological progress gains utilization based on innovative processes. Ensuring the efficient operation of economic entities in the agroindustrial complex along with the introduction of new approaches to making management decisions and innovative activities are impossible without increasing the business activity of agricultural enterprises, which requires an adequate balance of working capital. At the same time, the efficiency of the working capital management is critical for the business activity of a company that primarily depends on whether the working capital has a high turnover.
Regulatory and Legal Support for Stimulation of Business Activities within the Framework of the Industrial Policy
Authors: Abdikeev N. M. , Tyutyunnik I. G.
Published: December 2018

The subject of the research is the employment problems of individual categories of Muscovites who are weakly protected in the labor market and actively seeking jobs. The purpose of the research was to reveal interrelationships within the age- sex structure of the unemployed registered with the Moscow employment service and their payroll claims. Four categories of the unemployed are considered: young people, graduates, parents raising underage children and people of pre-retirement and retirement age who are in unequal competitive conditions due to their socio-demographic characteristics. The methods used in the research included comparative statistical analysis, content analysis, sociological quantitative data collection, data processing using the SPSS application program. It is concluded that in the Moscow labor market the categories of the unemployed in question can clearly express their ideas about the minimum and adequate payroll levels and, depending on their belonging to a definite category, transform their labor compensation claims.
Tax Regulation of Small Businesses in the Crimea
Authors: Kiviko I. V.
Published: December 2018

The subject of research is the role of small and medium-sized businesses in the economy of the Republic of Crimea. Since the economy of modern states cannot successfully develop without an optimal combination of the large, medium and small businesses The purpose of research was to analyze the results of using special tax regimes in the Republic of Crimea. The criteria for classifying small and medium-sized business entities as small and medium-sized enterprises in Russia and abroad are given. A comparative characteristic of small business taxation systems in the Republic of Crimea is analyzed; problems and trends in the development of small businesses as well as the foreign experience of tax regulation of small business activities are considered. Special tax regimes that are most popular among Crimean businessmen are shown. It is concluded that the establishment of a modern infrastructure for supporting small and medium-sized businesses should be continued along with the development of a system of providing consulting services, improving the training and upgrading the skills of modern entrepreneurs.
The Place of Intelligent Systems in the State Regulation of Social and Economic Development
Authors: Selivanov A. I. , Starovoitov V. G. , Troshin D. V.
Published: December 2018

The subject of research is the activities of state institutions aimed at the development of digital technologies in the economy and other spheres of society life, particularly intelligent technologies for decision support and making. The purpose of research was to determine the prospects for using intelligent technologies in the federal risk management system. In the context of the Quality of Life problem solution, an approach to creating a factor model of the problem domain of ensuring security and sustainable socio-economic development is shown. The model identifies 12 spheres combining 72 interrelated factors. Problems and threats to be solved and overcome in the process of development and wide promotion of intelligent information technologies in the practice of managing socio-economic systems are considered. It is concluded that intelligent systems used for managing socio-economic systems must undergo strict verification of not only their adequacy but also to expose possible user manipulation devices embedded in them.
Project-Based Approach: Its Concept and Role in the Budget Planning System
Authors: Penchuk A. V.
Published: December 2018

The introduction of the project-based approach into the practice of public finance management is necessitated by modern requirements for the state regulation of the social and economic sphere beginning with the processes of budget planning. The subject of research is the theoretical and methodological aspects of the project-based approach to the management of budget expenditures. The purpose of research was to determine the role and place of the project-based approach in the modern budget planning system. The paper proves that the project-based approach should be viewed as a part of budget programming. Along with that, the formulated specific features of the project-based approach make it possible to draw a boundary line between the concepts of project-based and program-target management of budget expenditures. The paper also analyzes the federal experience in using the project-based approach for planning budget expenditures. The results of the analysis point out the need for its further improvement and appropriate recommendations are proposed.
Inclusão digital como direito humano: a escola, seus sujeitos, seus direitos
Authors: Padilha Maria Auxiliadora Soares
Published: December 2018

O artigo discute a inclusão digital em escolas públicas, na perspectiva do direito humano do aluno e da importância de professores e gestores nesse processo inclusivo. Levantamos os dados desse estudo através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com alunos e professores. A inclusão digital é um direito humano que deriva seus direitos humanos de um novo movimento social provocado pela inserção das tecnologias digitais em todos os espaços vitais para a sobrevivência em nosso planeta.
Dispositivos móveis e suas potencialidades para a formação de pedagogo/as nas aulas de matemática na Universidade Federal de Alagoas Campus A. C. Simões
Authors: Alves de Oliveira Carloney , Nou Schneider Henrique
Published: December 2018

O presente artigo tem como objetivo geral refletir sobre as potencialidades dos dispositivos móveis na formação do professor para o compartilhamento de ideias nos processos de ensino e de aprendizagem em Matemática a partir de aplicativos disponíveis nos tablets e smartphones. A pesquisa caracterizou-se por uma abordagem qualitativa, do tipo participante, como método de investigação. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação participante e diário de campo. Para o universo da pesquisa participaram 36 alunos do Curso de Pedagogia, da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL), matriculados na disciplina Saberes e Metodologias do Ensino da Matemática 2, dos turnos Vespertino e Noturno. Constatamos que os dispositivos móveis podem proporcionar práticas pedagógicas capazes de dar conta das especificidades relacionadas ao ensino de Matemática de forma prazerosa, eficaz e lúdica, superando o paradigma educacional vigente.
Editorial
Authors: Francisco Deise Juliana , Oliveira Carloney Alves de , Vasconcelos Carlos Alberto de
Published: December 2018

É com prazer que apresentamos a terceira edição da Revista Debates em Educação do ano de 2018, especificamente v. 10, n. 22 (2018). Ela é composta pelo Dossiê “Educação Matemática, Mobilidade e Cibercultura em contextos de ensino e de aprendizagem: dilemas e desafios”, organizado por Carloney Alves de Oliveira e Carlos Alberto de Vasconcelos. Apresentamos os artigos de fluxo contínuo e, na sequência, os artigos do dossiê.Nesta edição iniciamos com a publicação ahead of print como forma de agilizar a divulgação dos artigos enviados para a revista.Agradecemos o apoio da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas (FAPEAL), através do Edital Nº 9/2018 - apoio à editoração e publicação de periódicos científicos.
Ofis Ergonomisi Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Düzce Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: BEKLEVİÇ Hayrettin , GEDİK Tarık
Published: December 2018

Yapılan çalışma ile 2017 yılında Düzce Üniversitesi
merkez kampüsünde çalışan akademik ve idari personelin çalıştıkları ofisler ve
ofis ortamları analiz edimiştir. Çalışma kapsamında DÜ merkez kampüsünde 12  farklı merkezde 523’ü akademik, 275’i idari
personel olmak üzere toplam 798 çalışan çalışmanın evrenini oluşturmaktadır.
Çalışmada veri elde etme aracı olarak anket formundan yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada
yararlanılan anket formu araştırmacılar tarafından literatüre bağlı kalınarak
geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan anket formu 2 farklı bölümde 17 soru ve
62 yargıdan oluşturulmuştur. Çalışma kapsamında %95 güven düzeyi ve %5 hata
payına göre ulaşılması gereken denek sayısı 260 olarak hesaplanmış ve çalışma
kapsamında 316 çalışana ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında katılımcıların
%12,7’sinin ergonomik bilgisayar kullanımı hakında bilgi sahibi olduğu,
%43’ünün de ergonomik bilgisayar kullanımı hakkında bilgi sahibi olmadığı
belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında kullanılan ofislerin gerek doğal gerekse de
yapay aydınlatılma bakımından iyi olduğu, hava kalitesi bakımından iyi olduğu,
ses yalıtımı bakımından çok iyi olduğu, özellikle ofislerin temizliği ve
düzenliliğinin ve çalışma alanlarının alansal olarak yeterliliğinin iyi olduğu
ve kullanılan masa ve sandalyelerin de antropometrik olarak çalışanlara uygun
olduğunu tespit edilmiştir.
Türkiye’nin Güney Kıyılarında Dağılım Gösteren Yabancı Balık (Hint Pasifik ve Atlantik Kökenli) Faunasındaki Yeni Gelişmeler
Authors: Ergüden Deniz , GÜRLEK Mevlüt , TURAN Cemal
Published: December 2018

Son
yıllarda Akdeniz’in denizel biyoçeşitliliği hızlı bir değişim göstermektedir.
Özellikle bu değişimden Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyıları bir hayli etkilenmektedir.
2017 yılı itibariyle Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyılarında Hint Pasifik kökenli
toplam 43 familyaya dâhil 71 ve Atlantik kökenli 9 familyaya ait 9 tür olmak
üzere toplam 80 yabancı balık türü (47 familya) bulunmaktadır. Bu türler Doğu
Akdeniz’de 42 familyaya ait 69 tür ve Batı Akdeniz’de 34 familyaya ait 52 tür
ile temsil edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’nin Akdeniz sahillerinde dağılım
gösteren yabancı balık faunasının Doğu ve Batı Akdeniz bölgelerine göre
dağılımları yeniden gözden geçirilerek güncel durumları hakkında bilgiler
verilmiştir.
Soğuk Dövme Prosesi ile 20MnB4 Hammadde Kullanılarak Üretilen Cıvatanın Isıl İşlem Şartlarının Metalografik ve Mekanik Özelliklere Olan Etkisinin İncelenmesi
Authors: BAYGUT ALPER , BAŞDEMİR VEDAT , CULHA OSMAN
Published: December 2018

Civata
üretiminin kritik prosesi olan ısıl işlem prosesi; soğuk şekillendirilen
malzemenin metalografik ve mekanik özelliklere olan etkisinin araştırılması,
hem proses verimi hemde ürün performans kriterleri açısından
değerlendirildiğinde sektörde deneysel geliştirme faaliyetlerinin başında
gelmektedir. Sıcaklık, zaman ve atmosfer ile birlikte soğuk dövülmüş malzemenin
ısıl işlem sonrası mikro yapısının karakterize edilmesi önemli bir veri bankası
oluşturacaktır. Bu bildiride; 20MnB4 hammaddenin, sayısal simülasyon yöntemleri
kullanarak TTT-CCT diyagramları elde edilmesi, bu diyagramlardan elde edilen
ısıl işlem verilerine göre proses uygulaması, simülasyon ve gerçek ısıl işlem
sonuçlarının karşılaştırılarak maksimum enerji verimliliğinde prosesler
tasarlanması hedeflenmiştir. Süreç içinde bantlı (kontinu) ısıl işlem fırında
gerçekleştirilen ısıl işlem prosesi sonucunda ortaya çıkan mamulün metalografik
ve mekanik incelemesinin yapılması; tavlama ve temperleme sonrası oluşan
mikroyapı incelemesi, mikro - makro sertlik incelemesi, dekarbürizasyon –
rekarbürizasyon değeri tespiti, akma - çekme test diyagramı ile birlikte
simülasyon sonuçları destekli olarak açıklaması yapılmıştır.
General Aspects of Recreational Angling and Some Estimations on Catch Amounts in Turkey
Authors: Soykan Ozan , Cerim Hasan
Published: December 2018

Some simple approaches make easy to see problems that lie at the centre of the phenomenon. Contrary to
expectations of outputs at the decision given may originate from lack of this simple approaches. From this point
of view, recreational angling performed by hundreds of thousands or millions of people, has serious effects on
both ecosystem and economy. Recreational angling known as a daily activity. Even though its outputs indicated
in a few local, estimation of its effects in every parts of Turkey can be light on legislative regulations. Allowed
daily recreational catch limit is 5 kg per person in Turkey. But coupled with this amount and conjectural angler
numbers, an unseen situation is transpired. It was aimed in this study, besides state of recreational angling in
Turkey, comparing of annual catch of recreational angling with Turkey total fishery, inland and marine capture
fishery statistics. Also economic gains from this activity and lack of knowledge about legislative regulations
draw the attention.
Kentsel Açık Mekanlarda Kullanıcı Memnuniyeti Değerlendirmesi : Adapazarı Kent Park Örneği
Authors: Kahya Cansın , Yerli Özgür
Published: December 2018

Bu çalışma kapsamında alansal büyüklük bakımından,
Adapazarı kentinde bulunan en büyük yüzölçümüne sahip parkı "Kent
Park" incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında 120 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır.
Anketlerden elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda kullanıcıların en çok tercih
ettiği etkinlikler, alana gelmeden önceki beklentileri ve geldikten sonraki
beklentileri yapılan analizler sonucunda elde edilmiştir. Rekreasyonel
kısıtlayıcıların belirlenmesinde beş noktalı Likert Ölçeği'nden
yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda iki adet kısıtlayıcı faktör  grubu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı,
Kent parkın doğal ve kültürel dokunun irdelenip, korunarak bakımının
sağlanması, kullanıcı isteklerini ne derecede karşıladığının, kullanıcıların
kentsel açık yeşil alan gereksinimlerinin karşılanmasına ne kadar katkı
sağladığının belirlenmesi ile Kent parkın sürdürülebilir kullanımlarının mekan
kalitesi açısından ele alınmasına yönelik öneriler getirmektedir.
Tozaltı Kaynak Yöntemi ile Farklı Kaynak Parametreleri Kullanılarak Birleştirilen API X70M PSL2 Malzemelerin Kaynak Bölgesinin İncelenmesi
Authors: APAY Serkan , GEL Mahmut , ÇİL Gökhan
Published: December 2018

Petrol ve doğal gaz
taşımacılığında kullanılan borular, API (American Petroleum Institute)
standartları doğrultusunda yüksek mukavemetli, tok ve yüksek kaynaklanabilirlik
kabiliyetine sahip çeliklerden üretilmektedir. Toz altı
kaynağında kullanılan kaynak parametreleri, kaynaklı birleşiminin kalitesinde
önemli bir rol üstlenir. Bu çalışmada, 
Erciyas Çelik Boru Fabrikası’nda spiral toz altı ark kaynak yöntemiyle
(HSAW) üretilen API X70M PSL2 kalite çelik borunun kaynak ısı girdisi- mekanik
özellik ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Birleştirmelerin dayanımlarını belirlemek
amacıyla çekme, sertlik, darbe (V çentik) testi, makroyapı ve dijital radyoskopik
muayene çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Farklı kaynak parametreleri ile
kaynatılan numuneler üzerinde yapılan incelemeler sonucunda, çekme testlerinde
tüm numunelerde kopma ana malzeme üzerinden gerçekleşmiş ve kaynaklı
birleştirmelerin dayanımları ana malzemeden daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Deneysel
çalışma sonucu elde edilen sertlik testleri sonucunda ısı girdisinin artmasıyla
kaynak ve ITAB bölgesinin sertlik değerleri düşmüştür. Darbe testi sonuçları
ise kaynak ısı girdisi artışıyla kaynak ve ITAB bölgelerinin toktuk
değerlerinin arttığı tespit edilmiştir.
Paragraf Tabanlı Çıkarımsal Özetlemede Öbekleme Kullanan İki Yeni Yöntemin Kıyaslanması
Authors: KISAYOL Ahmet İlkay , TURAN Metin
Published: December 2018

Özetleme,
bir bakıma metinleri kısaltma işlemidir. Bu kısaltma işlemi metinlerdeki önemli
bilgileri içerecek şekilde olmalıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı da İngilizce dilinde
yazılmış makale, haber vs. gibi doküman paragraflarının içerdiği bilgi önemine
göre seçilerek özetleme yapılmasıdır. Çalışmanın
ilk aşamasında doküman kümesini temsil edecek önemli kelimeler belirlenmiştir.
Bu aşamada tüm dokümanlarda geçen kelimeler kök geçiş sıklıklarına göre
büyükten küçüğe göre sıralanır ve belirli sayıda seçilen en sık kelimeler ile
paragraf vektörü temsil edilir. Bir
sonraki aşamada, istenilen özet oranına göre paragraflar kümelere ayrıştırılır.
Kümeleme algoritması olarak K-Means kullanılmıştır. Kümeler oluşturulurken
başlangıç noktalarının belirlenmesi amacıyla iki farklı yöntem kullanılmıştır. İlk
yöntemde, geçiş sıklıkları en yüksek ilk 10 kelimeden birinin en fazla görüldüğü
paragraflar küme başlangıçları olarak seçilir. İkinci yöntemde, kullanıcının
belirlediği özet oranına göre seçilecek anahtar kelime sayısı belirlenir. Daha
sonra bu anahtar kelimelerin en çok geçtiği paragraflar başlangıç noktaları
olarak belirlenir. Özet oluşturmada çıkarım yöntemi olarak, ayrıştırılan her
bir küme içinden kümenin merkez noktasına Jaccard uzaklığı bakımından en yakın
olan paragraf seçimi uygulanmıştır. Çıkan sonuçlar kontrol edildiğinde ikinci
yöntemin daha başarılı bir sonuç verdiği gözlemlenmiştir. İkinci yönteme göre
başarı oranları %20 özet oranı için %40 , %40 özet oranı için %50 ve %60 özet
oranı için %71 elde edilmiştir.
Bis-N,N'(Salisiliden)-1,4-Bütandiaminin Çeşitli Metallere Karşı Gösterdiği Floresans Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: SEZER Hanife , ERGUN Ece , ERGUN Ümit
Published: December 2018

Bu
çalışmada Bis-N,N'(Salisiliden)-1,4-Bütandiamin
Schiff bazı sentezlenmiş ve etanol:su
karışımında çeşitli metal iyonlarına karşı floresans duyarlılığı
araştırılmıştır. Schiff bazı sensörü farklı uyarma ve emisyon dalga boylarında
Zn2+ ve Al3+ iyonlarına karşı seçici floresans özelliği
göstermiştir. Ligand+metal karışımları için benzer floresans davranışları UV
lamba altında da gözlenmiştir. Buna ek olarak, çözücü etkisi, optimum ligand
konmsantrasyonu ve floresans cevap zamanları gib parametreler de
belirlenmiştir. Lİgand+Zn ve ligand+Al karışımlarının floresans özellikleri
üzerine diğer metal iyonlarının etkisi ile ilgili olan çalışmalar ile Al3+, Cu2+, Fe3+ and Cr3+
iyonlarının Zn2+ iyonunun; Hg2+, Fe3+ ve Cu2+
iyonlarının ise Al3+ iyonunun belirlenmesinde girişim etkisi
gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir