bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bimaterial effects in an earthquake cycle model using rate‐and‐state friction
Authors: Erickson Brittany A. , Day Steven M.
Published: March 2016

We have developed a computational framework to study earthquake cycles in 2‐D plane strain and apply it to faults separating dissimilar material. We consider a planar, strike‐slip fault governed by rate‐and‐state friction where quasi‐dynamic events nucleate spontaneously due to remote, tectonic loading. We investigate the influence of material contrast over the course of many hundreds of years. For the parameters we consider, we find that the presence of bimaterial properties influences the earthquake nucleation site, such that rupture in the preferred direction (that is, in the direction of particle motion of the side of the fault with lower shear wave velocity) is favorable. For large values of the critical slip distance Dc, events propagating in the preferred rupture direction occur for a wide range of material contrasts. For smaller values of Dc, small events emerge, even in the monomaterial case. With material mismatch present, some of these small events propagate in the nonpreferred direction, made possible by a favorable stress distribution left on the fault from previous ruptures. These results may shed light on our understanding of rupture directivity on large strike‐slip faults (like the San Andreas Fault in California) which occasionally host events rupturing in the nonpreferred direction.
Basin‐scale Green's functions from the ambient seismic field recorded by MeSO‐net stations
Authors: Viens Loïc , Koketsu Kazuki , Miyake Hiroe , Sakai Shin'ichi , Nakagawa Shigeki
Published: March 2016

Seismic waves propagating through the Earth can be significantly affected by velocity structures such as sedimentary basins. We investigate the propagation characteristics of seismic waves across the Kanto basin, Japan, using Green's functions extracted from the ambient seismic field. We use two stations situated on the eastern and southern edges of the basin as virtual sources, and approximately 420 stations, which are mainly a part of the Metropolitan Seismic Observation network (MeSO‐net), as receivers. Using seismometers aligned along two straight lines with the virtual sources, we find that several types of waves can be recovered, each with different sensitivities to the layers that compose the basin. We also show that after amplitude calibration, the extracted Green's functions can accurately simulate the seismic waves of two moderate Mw 4–5 shallow earthquakes that occurred close to the virtual sources. Furthermore, we find that the distribution of the 5% damped pseudovelocity response at a period of 6 s computed from the records of each event and the Green's function waveforms have similar amplification patterns. This study supports the fact that dense networks recording continuously the ambient seismic field in metropolitan areas can be used to accurately assess seismic hazard at high spatial resolution.
Authoritative Parenting in the
U
nited
S
tates
Authors: Sweeney Elizabeth M.
Published: March 2016

Parents have historically contemplated how to raise their children to be well adjusted, socially competent, autonomous adults, often consulting friends and experts. Adding to this discussion, scholars of parenting, typically developmental psychologists, first characterized parenting practices as forming four distinct categories or styles: authoritative, authoritarian, permissive, and rejecting–neglecting. Based on an initial study in the 1960s of parenting practices, further supported by subsequent studies, scholars determined that authoritative parenting, characterized by high levels of parental control and high levels of responsiveness, was associated with the best outcomes in terms of children's social and cognitive competence. In response, some have criticized the emphasis on the strong parental control of authoritative parenting, arguing that it lessens children's competence, while others have argued that Americans are in fact too permissive. Additionally, scholars argue that these findings neglect contextual factors and thus do not apply to minority and other types of families.
AIDS, Impact on Families (Africa)
Authors: Mcomber Chesney
Published: March 2016

The HIV/AIDS pandemic has caused dramatic demographic shifts in the developing world. This is particularly true in small rural villages, where community roles and responsibilities are transforming in an attempt to adapt to the absence of a young generation rapidly disappearing from society. Within Africa, primary victims of the disease are the “productive young adults” who traditionally hold social, financial, and political responsibilities and roles of leadership within rural communities. This has had a dramatic impact on the socioeconomic dynamics within many African countries, as the large number of deaths has ultimately meant social changes in rural villages throughout sub‐Saharan Africa with high HIV/AIDS prevalence rates. The ways in which family structures are changing in the context of HIV/AIDS will greatly impact the future of sub‐Saharan Africa as society continues to shift and adapt to these demographic changes.
A
lzheimer's Disease and Families
Authors: Boylstein Craig
Published: March 2016

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is becoming an increasing concern for older adults and their families. While there is evidence that a genetic cause exists for AD, the majority of AD diagnoses occur without a family history of the disease. Patients with AD must work with healthcare practitioners, family members, and other community resources (e.g., religious and home therapy agents) to develop a care plan that the patient feels is best for him/her. Reduced stigma and patient empowerment are major factors in long‐term outcomes for families dealing with AD, keeping the patient at home and in their his/her community for as long as possible. Limited government resources may be best served in strengthening relationships between patient, family, community, and multidisciplinary healthcare team, which is the best way of limiting hospital visits and thus reducing the overall healthcare costs associated with AD.
BabyBoom
Authors: Sturdevant Katherine Scott
Published: March 2016

The Baby Boom (1946–64) was the greatest leap in birth rates in American history, creating the most studied, impactful generation ever. Many children of “the Greatest Generation” of World War II grew up in the “affluent society,” with parents assigned strict gender roles. Teenagers rebelled conspicuously, through popular culture and protesting the Vietnam draft. Baby boomers were perhaps a “Greater Generation” in that they formed the grassroots of social reform movements for multicultural equity and environmentalism. Boomers control the highest levels of modern politics and are the largest aging population ever. Boomer studies spawned generation studies; analysis of Boomers will continue for generations.
Domain Selectivity in BiFeO3 Thin Films by Modified Substrate Termination
Authors: Solmaz Alim , Huijben Mark , Koster Gertjan , Egoavil Ricardo , Gauquelin Nicolas , Van Tendeloo Gustaaf , Verbeeck Jo , Noheda Beatriz , Rijnders Guus
Published: March 2016

Ferroelectric domain formation is an essential feature in ferroelectric thin films. These domains and domain walls can be manipulated depending on the growth conditions. In rhombohedral BiFeO3 thin films, the ordering of the domains and the presence of specific types of domain walls play a crucial role in attaining unique ferroelectric and magnetic properties. In this study, controlled ordering of domains in BiFeO3 film is presented, as well as a controlled selectivity between two types of domain walls is presented, i.e., 71° and 109°, by modifying the substrate termination. The experiments on two different substrates, namely SrTiO3 and TbScO3, strongly indicate that the domain selectivity is determined by the growth kinetics of the initial BiFeO3 layers.
The management of pregnancy and delivery in 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl‐CoA lyase deficiency
Authors: Pipitone Angela , Raval Donna B. , Duis Jessica , Vernon Hilary , Martin Regina , Hamosh Ada , Valle David , Gunay‐Aygun Meral
Published: March 2016

3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaric (HMG)‐CoA lyase is required for ketogenesis and leucine degradation. Patients with HMG‐CoA lyase deficiency typically present with hypoketotic hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis, which can be fatal if untreated. The patient is a 28‐year‐old female with HMG‐CoA lyase deficiency who presented at 4 weeks gestation for prenatal care. Protein intake as well as carnitine supplementation were gradually increased to support maternal and fetal demands up to 65 g per day for protein and 80 mg/kg/day for carnitine. Fetal growth was appropriate. At 36 5/7 weeks, she presented with spontaneous rupture of membranes. Twice maintenance 10% glucose‐containing intravenous fluids were initiated. During labor, vomiting and metabolic acidosis developed. Delivery was by cesarean. Preeclampsia developed postpartum. The patient recovered well and was discharged home on postpartum day 5. Stress of pregnancy and labor and delivery can lead to metabolic decompensation in HMG‐CoA lyase deficiency. Patients should be monitored closely by a biochemical geneticist, dietitian, and high‐risk obstetrician at a tertiary care center during their pregnancy. Fasting should be avoided. Intravenous 10% glucose‐containing fluids should be provided to prevent catabolism and metabolic decompensation during labor and delivery. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Redox‐Active Binder for Electrochemical Capacitor Electrodes
Authors: Benoit Corentin , Demeter Dora , Bélanger Daniel , Cougnon Charles
Published: March 2016

A promising strategy for increasing the performance of supercapacitors is proposed. Until now, a popular strategy for increasing the specific capacity of the electrode consists of grafting redox molecules onto a high surface area carbon structure to add a faradaic contribution to the charge storage. Unfortunately, the grafting of molecules to the carbon surface leads to a dramatic decrease of the electrochemical performances of the composite material. Herein, we used the organic binder as an active material in the charge/discharge process. Redox molecules were attached onto its polymeric skeleton to obtain a redox binder with the dual functionalities of both the binder and the active material. In this way, the electrochemical performance was improved without detrimentally affecting the properties of the porous carbon. Results showed that the use of a redox binder is promising for enhancing both energy and power densities.
Conditional Control of CRISPR/Cas9 Function
Authors: Zhou Wenyuan , Deiters Alexander
Published: March 2016

The recently discovered CRISPR/Cas9 endonuclease system, comprised of a guide RNA for the recognition of a DNA target and the Cas9 nuclease protein for binding and processing the target, has been extensively studied and has been widely applied in genome editing, synthetic biology, and transcriptional modulation in cells and animals. Toward more precise genomic modification and further expansion of the CRISPR/Cas9 system as a spatiotemporally controlled gene regulatory system, several approaches of conditional activation of Cas9 function using small molecules and light have recently been developed. These methods have led to improvements in the genome editing specificity of the CRISPR/Cas9 system and enabled its activation with temporal and spatial precision.
Properties and paper sizing application of waterborne polyurethanemicroemulsions: Effects of extender, cross‐linker, and polyol
Authors: Zhu Ke , Li Xiaorui , Wang Haihua , Fei Guiqiang , Li Jingyi
Published: March 2016

A series of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) microemulsions were synthesized through self‐emulsification methodology, using toluene‐2,6‐diisocyanate, polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG), poly‐caprolactonediol (PCL), and dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) as monomers; isophorone diamine (IPDA) as chain extender; and aziridine as cross‐linking agent. The resultant WPU microemulsions were utilized as surface‐sizing agents for cellulose fiber paper. The influences of IPDA content, PTMG/PCL molar ratio, and aziridine content on the physicochemical properties of the resultant emulsions and sized paper have been investigated in detail. The WPU microemulsion displayed better surface sizing properties when it was prepared under the following conditions: the IPDA content of 2.96%, PTMG/PCL molar ratio of 0:4, and aziridine content of 2.0 wt %. The relationships between the WPU structure and properties of WPU films and sized paper were clearly illustrated. The mechanical properties and water resistance of sized paper were not only depended on the interactions, chain entanglements, and cross‐linking density among the WPU chains, but also relied on the interactions among polymers and fibers, as well as the polarity and stiffness of surface sizing agent. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2016,133, 43211.
Shape control synthesis of polymeric hybrid nanoparticles via surface‐initiated atom‐transfer radical polymerization
Authors: Song Linlin , Qiao Yisha , Du Yixuan , Li Yunbo
Published: March 2016

Polymeric hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized via surface‐initiated atom‐transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) method on the surface of gold nanoparticles in cyclohexanone. Tetraoctyl ammonium bromide (TOAB) as a phase transfer agent was used to transfer the gold nanoparticles into cyclohexanone, which will be replaced by disulfide initiator on the surface of gold nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV–vis spectroscopy were utilized to characterize the product to make sure the experiment had been conducted. The results showed that the polymeric gold hybrid nanoparticles with different structures could be controlled by adjusting the ratio of initiator and gold nanoparticles in ATRP. If the ratio is very little, asymmetric polystyrene–gold hybrid nanoparticles were synthesized, and a single gold nanoparticle was attached with a polystyrene sphere. If the ratio becomes larger, core–shell polystyrene–gold nanocomposite particles were obtained resulting in gold nanoparticle encapsulated by a uniform polymer shell. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43584.
The use of summed‐probability plots of radiocarbon data in archaeology
Authors: SMITH MIKE
Published: March 2016

Attenbrow and Hiscock (2015) are critical of the use of “dates as data” to infer prehistoric population levels. Their critique needs some amendment, as methods and assumptions have evolved since Rick (1987) first proposed this approach.
Synthesis and Anti‐HIV‐1 Evaluation of Some Novel MC‐1220 Analogs as Non‐Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
Authors: Loksha Yasser M. , Pedersen Erik B. , Loddo Roberta , La Colla Paolo
Published: March 2016

Some novel MC‐1220 analogs were synthesized by condensation of 4,6‐dichloro‐N‐methylpyrimidin‐2‐amine derivatives (1a,b and 15) and/or 4‐chloro‐6‐methoxy‐N,N,5‐trimethylpyrimidin‐2‐amine (2a) with the sodium salt of 2,6‐difluorophenylacetonitrile followed by treatment with aqueous sodium hydroxide in methanol, alkylation, reduction, halogenation, and/or acidic hydrolysis. All synthesized compounds were evaluated for their activity against HIV‐1. The most active compound in this study was compound 7, which showed activity against HIV‐1 comparable to that of MC‐1220. The only difference in structure between compound 7 and MC‐1220 is a fluoro atom instead of a CH3 group.
Preoperative serum α-fetoprotein and prognosis after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang S-L , Liu L-P , Yang S , Liu L , Ren J-W , Fang X , Chen G G , Lai P B S
Published: March 2016

Background

While the majority of studies report that a raised serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) level before operation is associated with a high risk of recurrence and death in patients who undergo hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), results are conflicting. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of AFP.

Methods

Serum AFP levels were measured in patients with hepatitis-associated HCC who underwent hepatectomy between 1995 and 2012. Kaplan–Meier and multivariable analyses were performed to identify risk factors for overall and disease-free survival. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the predictive value of AFP. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to identify the AFP level that had the highest accuracy in discriminating between survivors and non-survivors.

Results

Some 376 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated HCC were included in the study. The overall survival rate was 58·8 per cent in patients with an AFP level of 400 ng/ml or less compared with 40·4 per cent for those with a level exceeding 400 ng/ml (P = 0·001). AFP concentration above 400 ng/ml was an independent risk factor for shorter disease-free and overall survival after surgery. ROC analysis indicated that the optimal cut-off values for AFP varied for different subtypes of HCC. The sensitivity and specificity were lower with areas under the ROC curve of less than 0·600. An AFP level greater than 400 ng/ml was not sensitive enough to predict the prognosis in patients with an HCC diameter smaller than 3 cm.

Conclusion

A serum AFP level above 400 ng/ml predicts poor overall and recurrence-free survival after hepatectomy in patients with HBV-associated HCC. AFP is not a strong prognostic marker given its poor discriminatory power, with low sensitivity and specificity.
Selective cytotoxicity and modulation of apoptotic signature of breast cancer cells by Pithecellobium dulce leaf extracts
Authors: Sharma Monika
Published: March 2016

We report the potent and selective cytotoxicity of the crude aqueous leaf extract from the medicinal plant, Pithecellobium dulce toward the human breast cancer cells (MCF‐7), but not the normal cells (MCF‐10A). The cytotoxicity was found to be dose and time dependent, as 300 µg/mL of the extract decreased the cell viability to 50% (IC50) in 48 h. The induction of apoptosis in the breast cancer cells after treatment was confirmed by significant percentage (24.7%), of early apoptotic cells (AnnexinV +Propidium Iodide_) in treated cells as compared to control cells (3.5%). We observed a significant upregulation in the mRNA expression of various pro‐apoptotic gene such as Bax (21.1 folds), p21(14.4 folds), p53 (11.7 folds), TNF (10.2 folds) and fas (6.3 folds) after treatment as compared to untreated cells. On the other hand, the relative mRNA expression of anti‐apoptotic genes such as Bcl‐2, NF‐KB and Cdk was reduced. The selective upregulation of pro‐apoptotic gene and down regulation of specific anti‐apoptotic genes could be the inducing factor for apoptotic cell death in MCF‐7 cells after treatment with the herbal extract. We believe that our findings provide a foundation for further studies on this formulation as a potential therapeutic candidate for breast cancer. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:756–766, 2016
A patient with constitutional ring 1 chromosome characterized by SNP array CGH
Authors: Saliganan Sheila , Lee Joanna , Wei Sainan
Published: March 2016

Key Clinical Message

We present a male patient with constitutional ring 1 chromosome and subsequent 6 Mb deletion at 1q43q44. The patient displays overlapping clinical features with reported patients with ring 1 chromosome and 1q43q44 microdeletion syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first patient with ring 1 chromosome characterized by comparative genomic hybridization.
Two‐Dimensional Hollow TiO2 Nanoplates with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Song Chuang , Wang Lanfang , Gao Feng , Lu Qingyi
Published: March 2016

Two‐dimensional anatase TiO2 hollow nanoplates were firstly synthesized through a facile synthesis route by using α‐Fe2O3 nanoplates as removable templates. Two‐dimensional hollow TiO2 nanoplates with different ratios of anatase and rutile phases were obtained by adjusting the calcining temperature. The average diameters were around 600 nm, and the shell thickness was approximately 30 nm. The photocatalytic performance of TiO2 was investigated by decomposing rhodamine B under simulated sunlight. Among the TiO2 samples, the anatase TiO2 hollow nanoplates manifested a significant enhancement in the photocatalytic performances. The excellent catalytic performance can be attributed to the unique structure of the two‐dimensional anatase TiO2 hollow nanoplates, including a large surface area and increased dye–photocatalyst contact areas as well as more active sites for photodegradation.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES OF AMMINEAQUOCOBALT(III) CHEMISTRY. KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF FORMATION AND DISSOCIATION OF MONOCHLORODIAMMINEAQUOCOBALT(III) COMPLEXES AND OF THE REDUCTION OF CIS‐DIAMMINEAQUOCOBALT(III) SPECIES BY BR(‐) IN ACID PERCHLORATE SOLUTION
Authors: BODEK ITAMAR , DAVIES GEOFFREY , FERGUSON JOHN H.
Published: March 2016

Synthese und Charakterisierung der Nitrate und Perchlorate von (I) und (II) werden behandelt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF THREE SUBSTITUTED AMINOCHLOROPROPANES
Authors: PAUL R. , WILLIAMS R. P. , COHEN E.
Published: March 2016

Acetamidocyanessigester (I) wird zum Carbinol (II) reduziert und in das Triacetyldiaminocarbinol (III) übergeführt, aus dem das Hydrolysenprodukt (IVa) erhalten ‐ wird.
ChemInform Abstract: THE WILLGERODT REACTION
Authors: BROWN E. V.
Published: March 2016

Der Übersichtsartikel behandelt die Willgerodt‐ und die Wi1lgerodt‐Kindler‐Reaktion im Hinblick auf ihre Bedeutung bei Synthesen.
ChemInform Abstract: A SYNTHESIS OF OPTICALLY ACTIVE AVENACIOLIDE FROM D‐GLUCOSE, THE CORRECT STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THE NATURAL PRODUCT
Authors: ANDERSON ROBERT CHARLES , FRASER‐REID BERT
Published: March 2016

Ausgehend von dem nach Literaturangaben aus (Ia) erhältlichen Aldehyd (Ib) wird durch Wittig‐Reaktion mit dem Salz (II) [‐+ (III)], Hydrierung [‐ . (IV)] saure Lactoni.
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLECULAR CYCLOADDITION OF OLEFINIC BONDS WITH 4,6‐DIHYDROXYPYRIMIDINES
Authors: SAMMES P. G. , WATT R. A.
Published: March 2016

Das Pyrimidin (Ia) liefert beim Erhitzen in DMF auf 200°C das intramolekulare Cycloaddukt (II), das sauer zur Ketodicarbonsäure (III) gespalten wird.
ChemInform Abstract: CAROTINOIDSYNTHESEN UEBER SULFONE, SYNTHESE VON APOCAROTINOIDEN UND TORULARHODINESTER
Authors: FISCHLI ALBERT , MAYER HANS
Published: March 2016

Aus all‐trans‐Vitamin‐A‐acetat (I) und dem Na‐Sulfinat (II) entseht ein Gemisch isomerer Retinyl‐(p‐phenoxy‐phenyl)‐sulfone, aus dem das all‐trans‐Sulfon (III) isoliert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: THERMODYNAMIC STUDIES OF HIGH TEMPERATURE EQUILIBRIA PART 10, EMF‐MEASUREMENTS OF EQUILIBRIUM OXYGEN PRESSURES IN THE SYSTEM CU‐CUCRO2‐CR2O3
Authors: ROSEN ERIK
Published: March 2016

Mit Hilfe von EMK‐Messungen an der Konzentrationskette A werden die Sauerstoffdrücke für die Gleichgewichtsreaktion B im Temperaturbereich 1100‐1300 K bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: POTENTIALABHAENGIGKEIT ELEKTROCHEMISCHER AMALGAMREAKTIONEN
Authors: SALIE G.
Published: March 2016

Die Potentialabhängigkeit der pauschalen Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit (konventioneller Tafelfaktor a) elektrochemischer Amalgamreaktionen wird an den Systemen Abis Cuntersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION OF URANIUM FROM EXCESS OF THORIUM ON SILICA GEL COLUMN
Authors: SULCEK Z. , SIXTA V.
Published: March 2016

Die optimalen Bedingungen für die Abtrennung von Uvon überschüssigem Th an Silicagel aus Triäthylentetraminhexaessigsäure (TTHA)‐, Diäthylentriaminpentaessigsäure (DTPA)‐ und Nitrilotriessigsäure (NTA)‐haltigen Medien werden ermittelt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESE NEUER LADUNGSUEBERTRAGUNGSKOMPLEXE VON 1,4‐NAPHTHOCHINONEN
Authors: OZOLA E. YA. , FREIMANIS YA. F. , LARINYA L. YA.
Published: March 2016

Das durch eine Bromierung von 2‐Acety1‐3‐phenyl‐naphthochinon‐(l,4) mit Dioxandibromid in Chloroform‐Tetrachlormethan dargestellte Bromderivat (I) (Ausbeute 79%) wird mit den Anilinen (II) in siedendem Dimethylformamid zu den Anilinoacetyl‐phenylnaphthochinonen (III) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: MICHAEL REACTION WITH BETA‐P‐TOLUOYL‐ AND ‐P‐CHLOROBENZOYLACRYLIC ACIDS AND THEIR AMIDES
Authors: SAMMOUR A. , AFIFY A. A. , ABD‐ALLAH M. M. , SOLIMAN E. A.
Published: March 2016

Die Titelreaktionen der Säuren (I) bzw. der Amide (VI) mit entsprechenden Verbindungen (II) bzw. (IV) führen zu den Michael‐Produkten (III), (V) bzw. (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: RELATIVE REACTIVITIES OF 1,2‐CYCLOHEXADIENE WITH CONJUGATED DIENES AND STYRENE
Authors: BOTTINI A. T. , HILTON L. L. , PLOTT J.
Published: March 2016

Aus dem Dibromid (I) entstehen bei der Behandlung mit Methyl‐Li in Gegenwart der cyclischen Diene (II) die Addukte (IV), in Gegenwart der acyclischen Diene (V) dagegen die Addukte (VI); die Verbindung (VII) (Isomerengemisch) wird analog aus 2,4‐Hexadien erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: RELATIVE REACTIVITIES OF BICYCLO(3.2.1)OCTA‐2,3‐DIENE AND 1,2‐CYCLOHEPTADIENE WITH CONJUGATED DIENES AND STYRENE
Authors: BOTTINI A. T. , HILTON L. L.
Published: March 2016

Addition von cis‐Cyclopentadien (II) an die in situ aus den Dichloriden (I) gebildeten Titelverbindungen (III) liefert die Addukte (IV); mit dem Dien (V) wird aus (IIIa) das [2 +4]‐Addukt (VI), aus (IIIb) dagegen das [2+2]‐Addukt (VII) gebildet.
ChemInform Abstract: AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION BY N‐ARYLHYDROXYLAMINES PART 1, FORMATION OF 8‐AMINO‐5,8′‐IMINOBIS(6‐METHOXYQUINOLINE) BY AN INTERMOLECULAR AROMATIC NITRENE INSERTION REACTION
Authors: POTTS K. T. , KUTZ A. A. , NACHOD F. C.
Published: March 2016

Die Thermolyse des Hydroxylaminochinolins (Ia) wie auch die des Azids (Ib) liefern jeweils die Bis‐verbindung (II), die auch durch Desoxygenierung des Nitrochinolins (IV) mit Triäthylphosphit in Gegenwart des Amins (III) gebildet wird.
ChemInform Abstract: CONVERSION OF 2‐CHLOROALLYLAMINES INTO HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS PART 1, 2‐METHYLINDOLES, 1,5,6,7‐TETRAHYDRO‐3‐METHYLINDOL‐4‐ONES, AND RELATED HETEROCYCLES
Authors: MCDONALD BRIAN G. , PROCTOR GEORGE R.
Published: March 2016

Durch Erhitzen von 2‐Chlorallylverbindungen wie (I) und (III) mit Polyphosphorsäure oder BF3‐Methanol werden cyclisierte Produkte wie (II) bzw. (IV) erhalten (der Reaktionsmechanismus ist nach wie vor ungeklärt).
ChemInform Abstract: 1,2,4,6‐CYCLOOCTATETRAENE, A NEW STRAINED CYCLIC ALLENE
Authors: ODA M. , ITO Y. , KITAHARA Y.
Published: March 2016

Bei der thermischen oder photolytischen Zersetzung des Na‐tosylhydrazons (I) erhält man intermediär das Carben (II), das sich sofort zum l,2,4,6‐Cyclooctatetraen (III) umlagert.
ChemInform Abstract: OXIDATION OF SOME TRINUCLEAR AROMATIC COMPOUNDS WITH CERIUM(IV) AMMONIUM NITRATE
Authors: RINDONE BRUNO , SCOLASTICO CARLO
Published: March 2016

Die Oxidation von Anthron (II) mit Ce(IV)‐ammoniumnitrat (CA) in Methanol bzw. Essigsäure liefert Anthrachinon (I) bzw. zusätzlich Acetoxyanthron (III) . Während die Oxidation von Xanthen und Thioxanthen (IV) in Methanol mit CA die Ketone (V) liefert, entsteht bei der gleichen Oxidation von Phenazin (VI) das N‐Oxid (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: THE CHEMISTRY OF SMALL RING COMPOUNDS PART 33, REACTION OF CYCLOPROPANONEACETALS WITH TETRACYANOETHYLENE
Authors: NOORDSTRAND A. A. P. , STEINBERG H. , DE BOER T. J.
Published: March 2016

Aus den Cyclopropanonacetalen (Ia) und (Ib) erhält man mit Tetracyanäthylen (II) die Einschiebungsprodukte (IIIa) und (IIIb), die leicht über (IV) zu den Carbonsäureestern (V) umgelagert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF ALLYLIC SULFONES AND THEIR CONVERSION TO DIENOIC AND TRIENOIC ACIDS
Authors: GRIECO P. A. , BOXLER D.
Published: March 2016

Die Sulfoxide (I) reagieren mit den Allylalkoholen (II) in Gegenwart von N‐Chlore succinimid in Chloroform zu den Sulfinsäureallylestern (III), die beim Erhitzen auf 100°C oder durch Kieselgel in die Allylsulfone (IV) umgewandelt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: REGIOSELECTIVE INTRAMOLECULAR CARBON‐HYDROGEN INSERTION IN COPPER‐CATALYZED CARBENOID DECOMPOSITIONS OF CIS‐1‐METHYL‐3‐ARYLCYCLOHEXANE‐1‐DIAZOMETHYL KETONES, SOME SYNTHETIC APPLICATIONS
Authors: CHAKRABARTY S. , RAY J. K. , MUKHERJEE D. , GHATAK U. R.
Published: March 2016

Die Diazomethylketone (I) ergeben bei Belichtung in Gegenwart von Kupfer(I)‐oxid die cyclischen Ketone (II).
ChemInform Abstract: THE NEW MICHAEL REACTION
Authors: NARASAKA K. , SOAI K. , MUKAIYAMA T.
Published: March 2016

In Gegenwart von TiCl4 erhält man aus Mesityloxid (II) und Trimethylsiloxystyrol (I) bei ‐78°C das Diketon (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A FACILE SYNTHESIS OF N‐(P‐TOLUENESULFONYL)‐2‐OXOALKANECARBONAMIDES BY THE REACTION OF SILYL ENOL ETHERS WITH P‐TOLUENESULFONYL ISOCYANATE
Authors: OJIMA I. , INABA S. , NAGAI Y.
Published: March 2016

Cyclische Vinyl‐trimethylsilyläther (I) reagieren mit Tosylisocyanat (II) über die 2‐Acylierungsprodukte (III) mit Methanol zu den Oxocycloalkanoylsulfonamiden (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A CONVENIENT METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF STYRENE DERIVATIVES BY THE USE OF TICL4 AND ZN
Authors: SONG S. , SHIONO M. , MUKAIYAMA T.
Published: March 2016

Phenyl‐benzylsulfid (I) wird mit Butyllithium in das Salz (II) übergeführt und mit Oxo‐Verbindungen (III) zu den Carbinolen (IV) kondensiert.
ChemInform Abstract: CYCLIC CROSS‐CONJUGATED HYDROCARBONS HAVING INSERTED P‐QUINOID RING PART 4, SYNTHESIS OF 3′′‐METHYL‐2′′, 4′′, 5′′‐TRICYANO‐1‐CYCLOHEPTA‐TRIENYLIDENE‐4‐CYCLOPENTADIENYLIDENE‐2,5‐CYCLOHEXADIENE
Authors: TAKAHASHI K. , OIKAWA I. , TAKASE K.
Published: March 2016

p‐Tropyl‐phenyllithium (I) reagiert mit 3‐Methyl‐2‐cyclopentenon (II) zum Cyclopentadienyl‐Derivat (III), das mit HCN/NaH in das Trinitril‐cyclopentadienid (IVa).
ChemInform Abstract: SELECTIVE DEHYDRATION AND DEHYDROGENATION OF 2,2′‐DIHYDROXY‐1,1′‐BINAPHTHYL
Authors: OMOTE Y. , HIRAMA T. , KOMATSU T. , KASHIMA C.
Published: March 2016

Beim Erhitzen des Dihydroxybinaphthyls (I) auf 300°C in Gegenwart von Zink erhält man das Dehydratisierungsprodukt (II) undadas Dehydrierungsprodukt (III) (Hauptprodukt).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 10‐SUBSTITUTED 9‐PHENYLTHIOXANTHENIUM SALTS AND THEIR REACTION WITH BASES
Authors: HORI M. , KATAOKA T. , SHIMIZU H.
Published: March 2016

Bei der Kondensation des 9‐Phenyl‐thioxanthen‐1‐oxids (I) mit Anisol (II) entsteht das Sulfoniumsalz (III).
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTION OF 2‐CYANOQUINOLINE 1‐OXIDES IN AN ACIDIC ALCOHOL, SYNTHESIS OF 6‐ALKOXY‐2‐CYANOQUINOLINES
Authors: KANEKO C. , HASEGAWA H. , TANAKA S. , SUNAYASHIKI K. , YAMADA S.
Published: March 2016

Die beiden 2‐Cyan‐chinolin‐N‐oxide (Ia) und (Ib) werden in Alkoholen nnd in Gegenwart von HCl der Photolyse unterworfen und die erhaltenen Reaktionsprodukte isoliert.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOLYSIS OF 2,3‐DIPHENYLNAPHTHOQUINONE OXIDE, TRAPPING OF A BENZ(D)OXEPINE‐1,5‐DIONE, A SEVEN‐MEMBERED MESOIONIC SYSTEM
Authors: KATO H. , YAMAGUCHI K. , TEZUKA H.
Published: March 2016

Bei der Photolyse von 2,3‐Diphenyl‐naphthochinonoxid (I) entsteht das.
ChemInform Abstract: DIE VERWENDUNG DES SYSTEMS ME3SICL‐LI‐THF BEI DER SYNTHESE VON ACYLSILANEN UND C‐SILYLIERTEN ALKOHOLEN, ALDEHYDEN, ESTERS UND NITRILEN
Authors: PICARD J. P. , EKOUYA A. , DUNOGUES J. , DUFFAUT N. , CALAS R.
Published: March 2016

Bei Temperaturen zwischen 0 und 10°C wird das Reagens (II) mit Anhydriden, z.B. (I), Aldehyden, z.B. (IX), gesättigten und ungesättigten Estern ,z.B. (XIV), sowie Nitrilen (XVII) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, SEPARATION INTO DIASTEREOISOMERS, AND RESOLUTION OF O‐PHENYLENEBIS(METHYLPHENYLARSINE) AND RELATED STUDIES OF THE O‐PHENYLENEDIARSINE MOIETY
Authors: HENRICK KIM , WILD STANLEY BRUCE
Published: March 2016

Die nucleophile Substitution von o‐Dichlorbenzol mit Na‐methylphenylarsenid liefert das Diarsin (Ia) neben Dimethylphenylarsin mit 5% und Methylphenylarsinsäure mit 4,1% Ausbeute sowie 6 anderen Nebenprodukten in sehr geringen Mengen.
ChemInform Abstract: BIS(DIALKOXY PHOSPHATO)CHELATES OF COBALT(II) AS ACCEPTORS
Authors: PAUL RAM CHAND , KAPILA V. P. , KAUR M. , BATTU R. S. , SHRMA SUNITY KUMAR
Published: March 2016

Die tetraedrischen Co‐Chelate (I) lösen sich in Wasser oder starken N‐Basen unter Bildung von oktaedrischen Co(II)‐Komplexen (II), die isoliert und spektroskopisch charakterisiert wurden.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐S‐(OR SE)‐DIMETHYLSTIBINO‐DERIVATIVES OF 1‐THIO‐ AND 1‐SELENO‐BETA‐D‐GLUCOPYRANOSE
Authors: BAIMBRIDGE CHARLES L. , MICKEY CHARLES D. , ZINGARO RALPH A.
Published: March 2016

Durch Umsetzung der Bis‐glucopyranosyl‐dise1enide bzw. ‐disulfide (I) mit Tetramethyldistibin (II) werden die Titelverbindungen (III) dargestellt, deren spektroskopische Eigenschaften (IR, NMR, Massenspektrum) untersucht werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF THE 2,5‐PROTOADAMANTANEDIOLS
Authors: MURRAY R. K. JUN. , MORGAN T. K. JUN.
Published: March 2016

8,9‐Dehydro‐2‐adamantanon (I) liefert bei der Öffnung des Cyclopropylringes mit HBr, Äthanol/p‐Toluolsulfonsäure oder mit HCl die Spaltprodukte (IIa)‐(IIc).
ChemInform Abstract: HEXAMETHYLDITIN DEOXYGENATION OF ORGANIC OXIDES PART 1, REDUCTIVE COUPLING OF AROMATIC NITRO COMPOUNDS
Authors: TSUI F. P. , ZON G.
Published: March 2016

Beim Erhitzen der Nitroaromaten (I) mit Hexamethyldizinn (II) entstehen die Azoxy‐ (III) und die Azoverbindungen (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHETIC REACTIONS USING TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES. CONVERSION OF AMIDE OXIMES INTO AMIDINES BY PENTACARBONYLIRON AND EVIDENCE FOR IMINE INTERMEDIATES IN THE DEOXIMATION OF KETOXIMES
Authors: DONDONI A. , BARBARO G.
Published: March 2016

Die Behandlung der Amidoxime (I) mit Eisenpentacarbonyl in siedendem Tetrahydrofuran ergibt die Amidine (II).
ChemInform Abstract: PHOSPHORUS(V) CHLORIDE‐PYRAZINE ADDITION COMPOUND
Authors: ISHLEY J. N. , KNACHEL H. C.
Published: March 2016

Phosphorpentachlorid und Pyrazin reagieren in Schwefelkohlenstoff zu einer Verbindung, bei der nach NMR‐Daten eine Pyrazineinheit an ein [PCI4] ‐ Ion gebunden ist.
ChemInform Abstract: AXIAL PREFERENCE OF A 2‐ANILINOSUBSTITUENT IN 4‐METHYL‐1,3,2‐DIOXAPHOSPHORINAN
Authors: STEC WOJCIECH J. , OKRUSZEK ANDRZEJ
Published: March 2016

NMR‐spektroskopischeUntersuchung des stereochemischen Verlaufs der Reaktion i von Anilin mit 2‐Chlor‐4‐methyl‐l ,3,2‐dioxaphosphorinan.
ChemInform Abstract: EIN UEBERGANG ZWISCHEN DER KOORDINATIONSZAHL 3 UND 5 BEIM PHOSPHOR, PHOSPHORANE DURCH TRANSANULLAREN RINGSCHLUSS 2. MITT.
Authors: HOUALLA D. , MOUHEICH T. , SANCHEZ M. , WOLF R.
Published: March 2016

Die Phosphane (I) bilden mit den Aminodiolen (II) die Phospha‐bicyclo[3,3,0]octane (III).
ChemInform Abstract: ELECTROCHEMICAL STUDIES OF TUNGSTEN HEXAFLUORIDE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS IN ANHYDROUS HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
Authors: BOND A. M. , IRVINE I. , O'DONNELL T. A.
Published: March 2016

Mit Hilfe cyclisch‐voltammetrischer Messungen in wasserfreiem HF an Hg‐, Pt‐ und glasigen C‐Elektroden werden kinetische und thermodynamische Informationen über die Verbindungen WF6, WOF4 und NaWF6 erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTION OF N‐BUTYLLITHIUM WITH TRANSITION METAL TRICHALCOGENIDES
Authors: CHIANELLI RUSSELL R. , DINES MARTIN B.
Published: March 2016

Ausmikroskopischen, IR‐, chemischen und Röntgenbeugungsdaten geht hervor, daß die Reaktionen Aternäre Phasen des Typs Li3MX3 liefern, in denen die Ketten‐ Struktur der Chalkogenide nach der Li‐Einlagerung erhalten bleibt.
ChemInform Abstract: CHIRALE BUTADIENE 6. MITT. BEHINDERTE ROTATION AN PENTA‐ UND HEXASUBSTITUIERTEN BUTADIENEN ‐ STUETZEFFEKTE
Authors: BOEDECKER H.‐OTTO , JONAS VIOLET , KOLB BERND , MANNSCHRECK ALBRECHT , KOEBRICH GERT
Published: March 2016

Ausgehend vom Methylester (I) wird durch Reduktion mit Diisobutyl‐Al‐hydrid in Äther bei ‐30°C und anschließende Methylierung nach Meerweinder Methyläther (II) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: ELEKTROPHILE HETEROAROMATISCHE SUBSTITUTIONEN, BILDUNG VON DIPYRRYLMETHINEN AUS ALPHA‐BROM‐ UND ALPHA‐BROMMETHYLPYRROLEN IN APROTISCHEN LOESUNGSMITTELN
Authors: RATTINI GUGLIELMO A. , SLEITER GIANCARLO
Published: March 2016

Die Umsetzung der Halogenpyrrole (II) mit den Halogenmethylpyrrolen (I) liefert die Dipyrrylmethin‐hydrohalogenide (III).
ChemInform Abstract: MECHANISMUS DER THERMISCHEN UMLAGERUNG VON TETRAARYLHYDRAZINEN. THERMOLYSE EINIGER DEUTERIERTER TETRAARYLHYDRAZINE
Authors: WELZEL PETER , DIETZ CHRISTA , ECKHARDT GERT
Published: March 2016

Aus dem Amid (I) und dem Jodbenzol (II) entsteht in Gegenwart von Cu das Amid (IIIa), dessen alkalische Hydrolyse in Äthanol und anschließende Oxidation das Hydrazin′ (IV) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL CLEAVAGE OF THE CYCLOPROPANE RING OF 6,20‐EPOXYLATHYROL (1,11‐DIACETOXY‐3,6,6,14‐TETRAMETHYL‐13‐PHENYLACETOXY(TRICYCLO(10.3.0.0(5,7))PENTADEC‐3‐ENE‐10‐SPIRO‐2′‐OXIRAN)‐2‐ONE)
Authors: BALMAIN ALLAN
Published: March 2016

Die durch Acetophenon sensibilisierte Bestrahlung der Titelverbindung (Ia) bzw. des entsprechenden Alkohols (Ib) in Benzol liefert die entsprechenden Enone (II).
ChemInform Abstract: RAPID DEUTERIATION AND TRITIATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USING ORGANOMETALLIC AND ELEMENTAL HALIDES AS CATALYSTS
Authors: LONG MERVYN A. , GARNETT JOHN L. , VINING ROSS. F. W.
Published: March 2016

Verfahren zur Deuterierung und zur Tritiierung aromatischer Verbindungen mit NbCl5, WCl6, SbCl5 und BBr3, insbesondere aber mit Äthylaluminiumdichlorid als Katalysatoren werden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: CHEMIE DER SCHWEFELDIIMIDE 5. MITT. REAKTION VON N,N′‐DITOSYLSCHWEFELDIIMID MIT NUCLEOPHITEN UND ELEKTROPHILEN REAGENZIEN
Authors: KRESZE GUENTER , SCHOENBERGER NORBERT
Published: March 2016

Die Titelverbindung (I) reagiert infolge der starken Positivierung des S‐Atoms glatt mit den Sulfiden (II) bzw. (IV) unter Bildung der Verbindungen (III) bzw. (V) und (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: A NOVEL ROUTE TO STILBENE, CATALYTIC OXIDATIVE DEHYDRODIMERIZATION OF TOLUENE
Authors: HUAI‐DE LIU K. , MASUDA A. , YAMAZAKI Y.
Published: March 2016

Toluol (I) wird unter Atmosphärendruck im Fließbettverfahren über Bi2O3‐SnO2 als Katalysator und O2/N2 als Trägergas bei 700°C zu Stilben (II) umgesetzt.
ChemInform Abstract: FISHER REACTION IN THE SERIES OF DIHYDROCHALCONE PHENYLHYDRAZONES
Authors: YAKOVENKO V. I. , MIKHLINA E. E. , OGANESYAN E. T. , YAKHONTOV L. N.
Published: March 2016

Die durch Hydrierung der Chalkone (I) über Raney‐Nickel hergestellten Dihydrochalkone (II) werden mit Phenylhydrazin in ihre Phenylhydrazone (IV) übergeführt undmit Chlorwasserstoff in Äthanol nach Fischer indolisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF 1‐METHYL‐1,2,3‐BENZOTRIAZOLE 2‐OXIDE
Authors: SERVE M. P. , FELD W. A. , SEYBOLD P. G. , STEPPEL R. N.
Published: March 2016

1‐Methyl‐1,2,3‐benzotriazol‐3‐oxid (I) geht bei der Photolyse in Methanol über (II) in das 2‐Oxid (III) über.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS AND OXIDATION OF 2,6‐DIMETHYL‐3,5‐DI‐(PHENOXYCARBONYL)‐1,4‐DIHYDROPYRIDINES
Authors: CHEKAVICHUS B. S. , SAUSIN'SH A. E. , DUBUR G. YA.
Published: March 2016

Aus den Phenolen (I) und Diketen (II) werden in Gegenwart von Triäthylamin die Acetessigsäurephenylester (III) hergestellt, die mit Urotropin (IV) und Ammoniumacetat nach Hantzsch zu den Dihydropyridinen (V) umgesetzt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: KOENNEN AZETINONE DURCH ALKIN‐ISOCYANAT‐ADDITIONEN DARGESTELLT WERDEN
Authors: DEHMLOW ECKEHARD V.
Published: March 2016

Die in der Literatur beschriebene Darstellung von Azetinonen wie (III) aus Alkinen wie (I) und Benzoylisocyanat (II) kann nicht reproduziert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PREPARATION OF SILYLATED ESTERS, LACTONES, AND AMIDES
Authors: HUDRLIK P. F. , PETERSON D. , CHOU D.
Published: March 2016

tert.‐Butyl‐a‐trimethylsilyl‐propionat (IV) entsteht aus (I) durch Alkylierung in Gegenwart von Lithiumdiisopropylamid (II).
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF A TRIAZAPHOSPHAHOMOADAMANTAN
Authors: DAIGLE DONALD J. , PEPPERMAN ARMAND B. JUN.
Published: March 2016

Die Titelverbindung (II) bildet sich beim Zusatz einer neutralisierten Lösung des Phosphins (I) zu einer Lösung von Formaldehyd und Äthylendiamin in wäßrigem Ammoniak.
ChemInform Abstract: METALLORGANISCHE DIAZOVERBINDUNGEN 8. MITT. REAKTIONEN VON ARSEN‐ UND ANTIMONAMIDEN MIT DIAZOESSIGSAEUREAETHYLESTER
Authors: KROMMES P. , LORBERTH J.
Published: March 2016

Es werden Darstellung und Eigenschaften der aus (I) bzw. (IV) und (II) herstellbaren arsenorganischen Diazoalkane (III), (V) und (VI) beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: EINE NEUE SYNTHESE FUNKTIONELLER GERMYLENE
Authors: RIVIERE P. , RIVIERE‐BAUDET M. , SATGE J.
Published: March 2016

Das aus Phenylchlorogermylen (I) und Dimethylamin (II) hergestellte Hydrochlorid (III) läßt sich mit Halogenwasserstoffen, Alkoholen, Mercaptanen, Aminen und Phosphinen zu den funktionellen Germylenen (V) umsetzen.
ChemInform Abstract: ARENE‐METAL COMPLEXES PART 8, PREPARATION OF (ETA(8)‐ALKENYLBENZENE)DICARBONYLCHROMIUM COMPLEXES
Authors: TRAHANOVSKY W. S. , HALL R. A.
Published: March 2016

Die Tricarbonylchromkomplexe von Benzonorbornadien (I), Dibenzobicyclooctatrien (III), Phenylbuten, Phenylpenten, Allylphenyläther und ähnlichen Verbindungen ergeben bei der Photolyse in ätherischer Lösung (n8‐A1keny1benzol)‐dicarbonylchromkomplexe wie (II) bzw. (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: DARSTELLUNG UND ROENTGENSTRUKTURANALYSE VON (CH3)3C‐C7H7MO(CO)3, (1‐6‐ETA‐7‐TERT.‐BUTYL‐CYCLOHEPTATRIEN)‐(TRICARBONYL)‐MOLYBDAEN(0)
Authors: TREMMEL PETER O. , WEIDENHAMMER KLAUS , WIENAND HENNING , ZIEGLER MANFRED L.
Published: March 2016

Bei der Umsetzung von Bromo‐ oder Jodo‐cycloheptatrienyldicarbonyl‐Mo mit tert.‐Butylbromid/Na in THF bei ‐70°C entsteht die Titelverbindung (Ausbeute 3%) anstelle eines erwarteten (Cycloheptatrienyl)‐tert.‐butyl‐Mo‐carbonyls.
ChemInform Abstract: REAKTIONEN VON METALLKOMPLEXEN MIT GESPANNTEN HETEROCYCLEN 5. MITT. REAKTIONEN VON METALLCARBONYLEN MIT DIAZIRIN
Authors: BECK WOLFGANG , DANZER WOLFGANG
Published: March 2016

Pentamethylendiazirin fungiert in den dargestellten Metallcarbonyl‐Komplexen als einzähniger Zweielektronenligand oder als zweizähniger Vierelektronenligand.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF POLYNUCLEAR MANGANESE AND IRON CARBONYL COMPLEXES WITH ORGANOISOCYANIDES
Authors: GRANT S. , NEWMAN J. , MANNING A. R.
Published: March 2016

Die Metallcarbonylkomplexe (I), (V) und (VII) erleiden bei der Umsetzung mit Isocyaniden (II) Kohlenmonoxidsubstitution unter Bildung von Komplexverbindungen (III), (IV), (VI) und (VIII), die in Lösung als Isomerengemische vorliegen.
ChemInform Abstract: ALKYLIDENTRIPHENYLPHOSPHORAN‐KOMPLEXE VON KUPFER(I)‐ UND SILBER(I)‐CHLORID 1. MITT. 2/1‐KOMPLEXE
Authors: YAMAMOTO Y. , SCHMIDBAUR H.
Published: March 2016

Die aus den Phosphinen (I) und den Alkylbromiden (II) gebildeten Phosphoniumsalze (III) werden mit Natriumamid in die Phosphorane (IV) umgewandelt und in Tetrahydrofuran mit Silber‐ und Kupferchlorid zur Reaktion gebracht.
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF SILVER IONS WITH THIOBENZAMIDES IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: HALL ALAN J. , SATCHELL DEREK P. N.
Published: March 2016

Die Kinetik der Bildung von 1:1‐Komplexen von Thiobenzamid und N‐Cyclohexylthjobenzamid mit Ag‐Ionen wurde untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: ACETYLACETONATOBIS(ISOCYANIDE)(TETRACYANOETHYLENE)RHODIUM AND RELATED COMPLEXES. ROTATION OF TETRACYANOETHYLENE
Authors: KANESHIMA T. , KAWAKAMI K. , TANAKA T.
Published: March 2016

Durch Reaktion von Acetylacetonato‐cyclooctadien‐Rh mit zwei Moläquivalenten der entsprechenden Isocyanide werden die diamagnetischen Komplexe (Ia) erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: BINDUNGEN ZWISCHEN CHROMOPHOR UND PROTEIN IN BILIPROTEIDEN 1. MITT. ABBAUVERSUCHE UND SPEKTRALUNTERSUCHUNGEN AN BILIPROTEIDEN
Authors: KOEST HANS‐PETER , RUEDIGER WOLFHART , CHAPMAN DAVID J.
Published: March 2016

Beim Abbau von neun verschiedenen Biliproteiden wird gezeigt, daß ,immer jeweils Ring Ades Chromophors und einer der mittleren Ringe (bei Phycoerythrinen als Ring Cidentifiziert) mit dem Protein kovalent verknüpft sind.
ChemInform Abstract: TOTAL SYNTHESES OF 11‐DEOXY‐11‐ALPHA‐HYDROXYMETHYL PROSTAGLANDIN ES. SYNTHETIC STUDIES ON PROSTANOIDS PART 6
Authors: SAKAI K. , IDE J. , ODA O.
Published: March 2016

Auf dem im Formelschema angegebenen Weg werden aus 3,4‐Dimethoxcarbonylcyclopentanon (I) die 11‐Desoxy‐11α‐hydroxymethylprostaglandine Es (XI) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANSFORMATION OF PENICILLIN SULFOXIDE ESTER INTO 2‐HALOGEN‐SUBSTITUTED PENICILLIN ESTER, INTERMEDIATE TO CEPHAM SYSTEM. STRUCTURE AND STEREOCHEMISTRY OF 2‐CHLOROMETHYLPENAM AND 3‐CHLOROCEPHAM DERIVATIVES STUDIED BY (13)C AND (I)H NMR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: TANIDA H. , TSUJI T. , TSUSHIMA T. , ISHITOBI H. , IRIE T. , YANO T. , MATSUMURA H. , TORI K. , TAMURA Y. , SHIGEMOTO H.
Published: March 2016

Bei der Behandlung des Penicillin‐G‐S‐sulfoxid‐esters (I) mit Acetylchlorid in Pyridin entsteht die Chlormethylverbindung (II).
Molecular markers for tracking the origin and worldwide distribution of invasive strains of Puccinia striiformis
Authors: Walter Stephanie , Ali Sajid , Kemen Eric , Nazari Kumarse , Bahri Bochra A. , Enjalbert Jérôme , Hansen Jens G. , Brown James K.M. , Sicheritz‐Pontén Thomas , Jones Jonathan , de Vallavieille‐Pope Claude , Hovmøller Mogens S. , Justesen Annemarie F.
Published: March 2016

Investigating the origin and dispersal pathways is instrumental to mitigate threats and economic and environmental consequences of invasive crop pathogens. In the case of Puccinia striiformis causing yellow rust on wheat, a number of economically important invasions have been reported, e.g., the spreading of two aggressive and high temperature adapted strains to three continents since 2000. The combination of sequence‐characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers, which were developed from two specific AFLP fragments, differentiated the two invasive strains, PstS1 and PstS2 from all other P. striiformis strains investigated at a worldwide level. The application of the SCAR markers on 566 isolates showed that PstS1 was present in East Africa in the early 1980s and then detected in the Americas in 2000 and in Australia in 2002. PstS2 which evolved from PstS1 became widespread in the Middle East and Central Asia. In 2000, PstS2 was detected in Europe, where it never became prevalent. Additional SSR genotyping and virulence phenotyping revealed 10 and six variants, respectively, within PstS1 and PstS2, demonstrating the evolutionary potential of the pathogen. Overall, the results suggested East Africa as the most plausible origin of the two invasive strains. The SCAR markers developed in the present study provide a rapid, inexpensive, and efficient tool to track the distribution of P. striiformis invasive strains, PstS1 and PstS2.
11B NMR Probes of Copper(II): Finding and Implications of the Cu2+‐Promoted Decomposition ofortho‐Carborane Derivatives
Authors: Tanaka Tomohiro , Nishiura Yukiko , Araki Rikita , Saido Takaomi , Abe Ryo , Aoki Shin
Published: March 2016

The development of noninvasive methodologies for the detection of d‐block metal ions such as copper (Cu2+), zinc (Zn2+), and manganese (Mn2+) is important for understanding their biological roles and relationship with diseases. We have been interested in the use of11B NMR probes for the detection of d‐block metal ions, because11B is an ultratrace element in living systems.o‐Carboranes, which consist of ten boron and two carbon atoms, have been applied to numerous drugs and biological active agents. In this work, we found that theo‐carborane‐pendant cyclens (L3–L5) (cyclen = 1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane) are decomposed in the presence of Mn2+or Cu2+in aqueous solution at neutral pH, accompanied by the release of 4–9 equiv. of B(OH)3. Furthermore, it was found thato‐carborane derivatives that contain hydroxyl groups instead of a cyclen unit also undergo decomposition in the presence of Cu2+and the corresponding complexes such as Cu(bpy) to afford 10 equiv. of B(OH)3, as confirmed by11B NMR spectroscopic analysis and an azomethine‐H assay. These reactions are applied to11B MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) probes for Cu2+.