bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Systematic Review of Blockchain-based Identity Management Solutions
Authors: Seyam Huda , Habbal Adib
Published: May 2023

The involvement of digital identity in almost all online services contributes to the growing reliance on Identity Management Systems (IDMS) that establish, verify, and manage digital identities. However, digital identities are still kept in central repositories. Which are controlled by a single authority that may have many vulnerabilities due to low security, leading attackers to exploit these vulnerabilities and causing various security breaches such as identity theft or disclosure of sensitive information. Additionally, powerful entities who have access to these repositories, could gather and abuse users' information without their knowledge or consent. The concept of Self-sovereign Identity (SSI) allows users to exert ownership of their identity and gain insight into how their data is being used. The development of Blockchain technology has made a breakthrough in achieving SSI by giving individuals the ability to be the final arbiter of who can access and use their own identity. This paper overviews the traditional identity management (IdM) models and presents the next generation of distributed IDMS using Blockchain technology that targets user-centricity and eliminates the identity provider as a trusted third party. Furthermore, It gives an analysis of the recent Blockchain-based IdM solutions, discussing their architecture, components, and features. It also, reveals their weaknesses to identify the gaps between these solutions for future secure IDMS.
Usefulness of a new polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel (PVA-H)-based simulator for endoscopic submucosal dissection training: a pilot study
Authors: Lee Dong Seok , Lee Gin Hyug , Kim Sang Gyun , Lee Kook Lae , Kim Ji Won , Jeong Ji Bong , Jung Yong Jin , Kang Hyoun Woo
Published: May 2023

Background/Aims: We developed a new endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) simulator and evaluated its efficacy and realism for use training endoscopists.Methods: An ESD simulator was constructed using polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel sheets and compared to a previous ESD simulator. Between March 1, 2020, and December 30, 2021, eight expert endoscopists from three different centers analyzed the procedure-related factors of the simulator. Five trainees performed gastric ESD exercises under the guidance of these experts.Results: Although the two ESD simulators provided overall favorable outcomes in terms of ESD-related factors, the new simulator had several benefits, including better marking of the target lesion’s limits (p<0.001) and overall handling (p<0.001). Trainees tested the usefulness of the new ESD simulator. The complete resection rate improved after 3 ESD training sessions (9 procedures), and the perforation rate decreased after 4 sessions (12 procedures).Conclusions: We have developed a new ESD simulator that can help beginners achieve a high level of technical experience before performing real-time ESD procedures in patients.
Resiliencia e Intolerancia a la Frustración en adolescentes de AMBA, Argentina
Authors: Franco Paul , Fazio María Laura , Mustaca Alba Elisabeth
Published: May 2023

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la relación entre la Intolerancia a la Frustración y la Resiliencia en 355 sujetos residentes en Argentina de 14 a 25 años (M=19.64, DE= 3.31). Se utilizaron la Escala de Intolerancia a la Frustración (EIF), la Escala de Resiliencia (ER) y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Se hallaron correlaciones significativas inversas medianas y bajas entre la EIF total y ER total, y entre las dimensiones intolerancia emocional e intolerancia a la incomodidad (EIF) con autoeficacia y capacidad de propósito y sentido de la vida (ER). En cambio, intolerancia a la incomodidad correlacionó positivamente con evitación cognitiva. Las mujeres obtuvieron puntajes mayores en la EIF total (z= -2,06; p= .4, r= .11) y en intolerancia emocional (z= -3,48; p= .001, r=.18). En la ER los hombres puntuaron más alto que las mujeres en evitación cognitiva (z= -3,24; p=.001, r=.17) y en su total (z= -2,47; p= .01, r=.13).  La edad correlacionó de modo inverso con intolerancia a la incomodidad (r=-.13; p< .05), y derechos (r= -.17; p< .01) y de manera directa con la capacidad de autoeficacia (r= -.12; p< .05). Además, a mayor nivel educativo, menor intolerancia a la frustración y mayor resiliencia. El presente estudio presenta evidencias que muestran que tener una buena capacidad resiliente se relaciona con tener una baja intolerancia a la frustración, ya que esta última puede influenciar en contra de una eficiente adaptación ante las adversidades.
Niveles de resiliencia y estrategias de afrontamiento en madres de personas con síndrome de Down
Authors: Lorea Denisse Maite , Pedrón Valeria Teresa
Published: May 2023

La presente investigación tiene como fin indagar la relación entre los niveles de resiliencia y las distintas estrategias de afrontamiento que emplean madres de personas con Síndrome de Down. Para llevarla a cabo, se utilizó un cuestionario sociodemográfico construido ad hoc para dicho trabajo, la Escala de Resiliencia y un inventario que indaga las estrategias de afrontamiento en sujetos adultos. Por otra parte, la muestra se compone de 100 madres (en su mayoría de entre 40 y 49 años) tanto de Capital Federal como de Gran Buenos Aires, y fue recolectada mediante la plataforma Google Form. Con respecto a los resultados, se halló una asociación positiva entre la variable Resiliencia y las estrategias de afrontamiento por aproximación cognitiva y por evitación conductual. Por otro lado, no se encontró una correlación entre la variable Resiliencia y las estrategias de afrontamiento por aproximación conductual y por evitación cognitiva. En esta muestra particular se observó que la autoeficacia es la estrategia de resiliencia que más utilizan las madres. Por lo tanto, los resultados obtenidos indican que las madres de las personas con síndrome de Down que componen la muestra y que presentan niveles más elevados de resiliencia, utilizan en mayor medida estrategias de afrontamiento por aproximación cognitiva y por evitación conductual.
English Language Teaching and Learning in English as a Second Language (ESL) Society: Challenges and Prospect for National Development
Authors:   Department of Languages, Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Owo, Nigeria, OGIDAN Olajide Felix
Published: May 2023

English Language has become the lingua franca in so many societies all over the world. Thus, this research paper is based on the investigation of the status of English language vis-a-vis its teaching and learning in (ESL) society. Its teaching and learning in such society were x-rayed with the view of finding out the challenges through the analysis of our data (West African Examinations Council’s results). Reasons why users (students) of the language perform poorly/unsatisfactorily in its assessment, compared to their performances in other subjects at the certificate level were also revealed through this research work. The validity of WAEC records justifies its choice for this work and it gives an insight into the actual performance of the users of the language, hence its veracity. Working within the Linguistic framework, this study considers the Sociolinguistic approach in the interpretation of the data. Our basic findings show that the English Language plays some significant roles in any ESL society and learning the language is not without its numerous challenges. This paper concludes that English language teaching and learning in non-native speakers’ society has some challenges despite its crucial place. Besides, the performance of nonnative speakers/users as seen in our data, the prospects of English Language in ESL society cannot be overestimated in terms of its indispensability for national development. Thus, the would-be teachers in schools should be adequately trained and well equipped with necessary and modern trends in the subject. Good reading materials should also be made available and affordable for the students.
A Student-Run Asylum Clinic to Promote Human Rights Education and the Assessment and Care of Asylum Seekers
Authors: Praschan Nathan , Mishori Ranit , Stukel Nicholas
Published: May 2023

Tens of thousands of individuals flee human rights violations in their home countries and seek asylum in the United States every year. Less than 40% receive protective status, leaving many torture victims rejected. However, 90% of asylees receiving a medical-legal affidavit are granted asylum, although demand for medical evaluations far exceeds the supply of trained clinicians. By establishing asylum clinics at their medical centers, medical students and licensed clinicians can improve the probability of an asylee obtaining asylum, connect them to vital services, and train more clinicians in their area to address the demand for evaluations. Asylum clinics are also unique educational opportunities for students interested in global health, social justice, and human rights. They operate by pairing student volunteers with clinician volunteers to meet with an asylum seeker for an evaluation. The evaluation involves extensive history-taking, a psychological exam, and a physical exam to note consistency between objective findings and the clientâ€™s story. The volunteer team then drafts a medical-legal affidavit for use by the clientâ€™s lawyer in immigration court. There may also be post-evaluation follow-up and connection with healthcare or other social services. Students at the Georgetown University School of Medicine (GUSoM) established an asylum program in 2014, hosted two training workshops, and have begun accepting clientsâ€™ requests for evaluations.  The GUSoM Asylum Programâ€™s operations (including organizational structure and logistics of evaluation), educational opportunities (including mentorship and global health competency), and goals (including increasing capacity for evaluations and further developing partnerships with local stakeholders) are detailed below.
Assessing Medication Pick-Up Rates at a Student-Run Free Health Clinic
Authors: Lam Felix , Kaplan Marcus C , Gazda Nicholas P , Shah Megan D , Toler John A , Scolaro Kelly L
Published: May 2023

Background: Prescription pick up serves as the first barrier to medication adherence, in that patients must travel to a pharmacy to obtain their medications. The Student Health Action Coalition (SHAC) is a student-led, interdisciplinary, free clinic in North Carolina that serves indigent populations, who tend to have lower medication adherence. The study objectives were to compare the medication pick-up rate and time to pick up for prescriptions dispensed from SHAC Clinic with those dispensed from an external pharmacy.Methods: All â€œSHAC Paysâ€ or â€œSHAC Dispensedâ€ prescriptions written between June 17, 2014 and March 30, 2015 were included for analysis. SHAC Pays prescriptions must be picked up by the patient at an external pharmacy, while SHAC Dispensed prescriptions are dispensed directly from the clinic. Pick-up rate was measured as the percentage of written prescriptions picked up by patients and was verified using pharmacy billing records.Results: During the study period, 158 SHAC Pays prescriptions were written for 62 unique patients and 111 SHAC Dispensed prescriptions were written for 61 unique patients. The SHAC Pays pick-up rate was 58.2%, compared to 100% for SHAC Dispensed (p<0.0001). The median time to SHAC Pays and SHAC Dispensed prescription pick up was 3 days and 0 days, respectively (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Among patients seen at a student-run free clinic, prescription pick-up rate was significantly reduced and time to pick up was delayed when medications were not dispensed to patients from clinic. On-site dispensing guarantees that patients obtain their medications and can immediately begin treatment.
Review of Hypertension Management at University of South Florida BRIDGE Clinic
Authors: Atkinson Brian , Uichanco Lauren , Kattih Zein , Perera Yohan , Angell Erin , Uhlar Courtney , Martinez Valeria , Roetzheim Alex , Lopez Jesus , Guerra Lucy , Gonzalez Eduardo
Published: May 2023

Background: Hypertension is one of the most prevalent diseases in the United States, and proper disease management is essential in preventing multi-system organ damage. The BRIDGE Healthcare Clinic is a student-run free clinic that cares for a primarily uninsured, immigrant population in Tampa, Florida. This retrospective study aimed to assess the quality of hypertension management provided at BRIDGE Clinic and compare our hypertension outcomes with the 8th Joint National Committee (JNC8) guidelines and national rates of blood pressure (BP) control.Methods: Chart reviews of all patients seen at BRIDGE Clinic from May 1, 2012 to May 1, 2017 were performed. Patients with hypertension, defined by JNC8 as a previous diagnosis of hypertension, a BP >140/90 mmHg for patients <60 years old, or BP >150/90 for patients >60 years old, on â‰¥2 occasions, were included in the study. Information collected included patient demographics (age, race, gender, body mass index, comorbidities), BP at initial visit, BP at most recent visit, total number of visits, dates of initial and most recent visits, and types of antihypertensive medications being used. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistics software.Results: Of the 599 patients reviewed, 97 patients (between the ages of 29 and 89 years) were found to have a diagnosis of hypertension per JNC8 criteria. Compared to the national average of 53%, 55.7% of BRIDGE Clinic had BPs at goal (defined as BP <140/90 in patients <60 years old, and BP <150/90 in patients >60 years old). There was also a significant decrease in systolic BP by 10.9 mmHg (p<0.0001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.9-14.9 mmHg) and diastolic BP by 5.4 mmHg (p<0.0001, 95% CI 3.3-7.5 mmHg) from initial visit to most recent visit.Conclusions: As a student-run free clinic dependent on volunteers and donors, BRIDGE Clinic has been able to achieve clinically and statistically significant decreases in BP, along with rates of BP control that are comparable to national averages for both insured and uninsured Americans.
Promoting Oral Health through Manager Training and Dental Referral at a Student-Run Homeless Shelter Clinic
Authors: Bui Tu , Kindratt Tiffany Billmeier , Reddy Sumanth , Pagels Patti
Published: May 2023

Background: There is a need for oral health awareness among future clinicians and for dental services for homeless men. This quality improvement project aimed to: 1) improve oral health knowledge among physician assistant (PA), medical, and undergraduate student clinic managers; 2) determine the oral health needs of homeless men; and 3) establish a dental referral program for patients at a student-run free clinic.Methods: The project was conducted at a student-run free clinic embedded in a menâ€™s homeless shelter in Dallas, Texas. Student managers underwent a training program that included a PowerPoint presentation and practice oral exams. Pre- and post-tests were used to assess their knowledge of different oral health topics. Patients of the clinic were surveyed for dental concerns at intake, and oral exams and referrals to a student-run dental clinic were done if indicated.Results: Student clinic managers (N=16) demonstrated improved knowledge on the recognition and treatment of some but not all dental conditions. Of the patients surveyed (N=13), most reported a history of dental caries (77%), had loose or missing teeth (62%), and brushed their teeth <2 times per day (69%). Although 65% of patients were referred to the dental clinic, only 9% went to their appointment.Conclusions: The manager training provided additional information and experience for clinic managers around oral health. The increased awareness made it easier for clinic managers to refer appropriate patients to the dental clinic. The newly implemented referral service provided a resource for the clinic to send patients that warrant higher level of dental care.
Evaluating HIV Knowledge and Attitudes in First-Year Medical Students: Pre- and Post-Targeted Education Module
Authors: Buck Emory , Portillo Jordy , Ware Deanna , Plankey Michael
Published: May 2023

Background: Many medical schools encourage participation in clinics where human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing should be performed in light of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventionâ€™s 2006 recommendations. It has been shown that preclinical medical students have knowledge gaps and/or stigmatizing attitudes that may compromise their care of patients living with HIV. This initiative sought to develop a training module to address these knowledge gaps and evaluate the efficacy of the module in remedying them.Methods: A training module was developed from evidence-based sources. A test consisting of previously validated questions was administered to first-year medical students at Georgetown University as a pre-test and post-test with the training module viewed in between. A paired t-test was performed to determine if statistical significance existed between the pre- and post-training scores.Results: A total of 158 medical students completed the training. A statistically significant difference was found between the overall pre- and post-training mean scores (p< 0.0001). Improvement of knowledge regarding viral suppression, transmission routes, and treatment were statistically significant from pre- to post-test. There were no statistically significant improvements, pre- and post-test, for questions assessing the knowledge of relative transmission and stigma.Conclusions: The education module is an effective way of targeting preclinical medical studentsâ€™ knowledge deficits, suggesting that the module should be offered to preclinical students working in a clinic performing HIV testing.
The Impact of a Student-Taught Course in Spanish Language Interpreting on Patient Care at a Student-Run Free Clinic
Authors: Highland Julie , Enriquez Belinda , Lowenstein Steven R
Published: May 2023

Background: The DAWN Clinic is a student-run free clinic (SRFC) that provides healthcare to Spanish-speaking residents of Aurora, Colorado. However, like many SRFCs, DAWN has a shortage of trained bilingual staff, often relying on "impromptu" interpreters, including family members or untrained staff. In order to improve the quality of care provided to Spanish-speaking patients at this SRFC, we developed an innovative course in Spanish interpreting for health professions students with advanced Spanish language skills but little or no interpreting experience. The 6-week interpreter course, designed by a second-year medical student (a certified Spanish interpreter), adhered to national healthcare interpreting standards and included lectures, interactive workshops, simulations, and clinical experiences with trained interpreters.Methods: A survey measured learnersâ€™ confidence across three domains: interpreting skill; Spanish language ability; and knowledge of obstacles faced by Spanish-speaking patients. A second survey, distributed to DAWN Clinic patients over a 2-year period, measured ease of understanding of medical information and patient satisfaction with provider communication. Mean Likert scale scores were compared using ANOVA.Results: After the course, students reported increased confidence in interpreting skills (p<0.01), language ability (p<0.01) and understanding obstacles to care (p<0.01). Spanish-speaking patients reported high levels of satisfaction and understanding of medical information, with scores equal to those of a comparison group of English-speaking patients and greater than Spanish-speaking patients who declined interpreter services (p<0.05).Conclusions: This student-taught course enabled health professions students with advanced Spanish language skills to improve their ability to interpret and contribute positively to patient care at a SRFC.
Reducing Food Insecurity through Personalized Interventions at the East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership
Authors: Dembar Alexandra , Mell Anthony J , Hsieh Vicki , Chandrasekan Sandhya , Rifkin Robert , Thomas David C , Meah Yasmin S
Published: May 2023

Background: An individualized food insecurity protocol is defined as a comprehensive process of screening and set of interventions designed around the specific needs of an individual patient including but not limited to such factors as work schedule, place of living, and forms of identification. The aim of this project is to identify whether an individualized food insecurity protocol reduces food insecurity in the patients seen at the East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership (EHHOP), a student-run, attending-directed free clinic in East Harlem. 

Methods: Twenty-one patients who had screened positive for food insecurity in the past year were enrolled in the study. Pre- and post-intervention scores based on responses to a modified version of the United States Department of Agricultureâ€™s Six-Item Short Form of the Food Security Survey were recorded, compiled as aggregate data, and compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. 

Results: The results of this study demonstrate that an individualized protocol was successful in reducing food insecurity (p = 0.005). However, for certain groups, the protocol was not as effective, including patients with poor continuity of care and unstable living conditions.  

Conclusions: These results showed that the individualized protocol was effective for many but not all participants. Patients may have compounding factors that require additional interventions to supplement this protocol. This protocol is low cost to implement and adaptable to other clinical settings.
Establishing Independent and Integrated Student-Run Behavioral Health Clinics to Address Mental Health Disparities in Gainesville, Florida
Authors: Cartagena Gabriel , Ferguson Erin , Waxenberg Lori
Published: May 2023

Florida continues to rank among the highest states for mental health diagnoses in the nation. Alachua County, which is home to the Gainesville community, continues to experience significant disparity in diagnoses versus access to behavioral health interventions. A significant contributor to this disparity may be the socioeconomic wellbeing of the region, where many individuals report low socioeconomic status and limited access to medical insurance. Gainesville is also home to an advanced network of primary care services and specialties to meet community needs. Among these networks is an established system of student-run medical clinics for uninsured/underinsured patients. New to this system is a psychology graduate student-run behavioral health clinic with an integrated primary care system working hand-in-hand with other medical services. The present article aims to (1) describe the development of an independent, student-run behavioral health clinic model by a graduate student team and (2) describe the implementation/integration of this new clinic model within a free clinic network to meet a need for accessible mental health services, as well as provide patients with an opportunity for integrated care. Current barriers, facilitators, and plans for the models moving forward are discussed.
Operational Model and Treatment Costs of a Student-Run Free Clinic Serving People Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Patel Hardik , Hinkes Samuel , Mathew Megan , Castillo Marcus , Serota David , Tookes Hansel
Published: May 2023

Background: The student-run Infectious Disease Elimination Act (IDEA) Clinic serves people who inject drugs (PWID) by providing human immunodeficiency virus testing, hepatitis C virus testing, wound care, cutaneous abscess treatment, safe injection education, and basic health screening services. A primary goal of the IDEA Clinic is to prevent the progression of wounds and infections into more severe and costly illnesses. Here, we present the operational model and treatment costs associated with providing these services at the IDEA clinic.

Methods: Charts of PWID who received medical care at the IDEA Clinic over a 28-month study period were reviewed and the services provided are reported. Total costs were stratified into the cost of medical equipment, procedures, and medications.

Results: From October 2017 to January 2020, the total cost of supplies of the IDEA Clinic totaled $3,491.65. Over this study period, there were 291 distinct patient visits, which gives the clinic an average cost of $12.00 per visit.

Conclusions: The IDEA Clinic requires low per-patient operational costs to provide important medical services to a vulnerable population. The results of this study may be used to support the creation of more student-run clinics in other areas with a large population of PWID.
An Algorithm for Free Clinic Deployment: Bridging the Gap in Healthcare Access in Rural Pennsylvania
Authors: Ramedani Shayann , Khristov Vladimir , Palisoc Maryknoll , Mendez Miller Megan
Published: May 2023

Student-run free clinics play an essential role in meeting the needs of underserved populations while providing service-learning opportunities to health professions students. While these clinics have been an asset for many institutions, the success hinges on the successful selection of clinic locations, studying resource utilization, the receptiveness of the local population, and effective strategic planning. The Student-led and Collaborative Outreach Program for Health Equity (SCOPE) Free Mobile Clinic at the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine was established in 2017 to address the needs of underserved populations in Central Pennsylvania. Starting from one clinic, SCOPE has grown to twelve different sites across the county and has addressed different needs in diverse populations from rural to urban. The clinic has reached 435 individuals, provided 95 consultations with attending physicians, and distributed more than 120 vaccinations in the three years it has been fully active. During its evolution, the organization has developed a guidance algorithm that is critical to its operations and expansion initiatives. This algorithm has enabled strategic community resource deployment, garnered interest from private nonprofit collaboration and local government investment. Based on objective data, we identified new patient populations and clinic sites. Here we describe our experience developing and utilizing our deployment algorithm and the challenges and lessons we learned in growing a novel clinic model in a rural landscape.
Rapid Implementation of a Hybrid Telehealth Modality During the COVID-19 Pandemic and its Impact on Electronic Record Entry
Authors: El-Said Angie , Marino Gustavo , Patil Rasika , Leone Brianna , Abrams Matthew , Tapasak Brandon , Momin Aamir , Simms-Cendan Judith
Published: May 2023

This report describes the adoption of a hybrid telehealth modality implemented in a student-run free clinic after the onset of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in March 2020, with particular emphasis on the impact it may have on electronic health record entry. Our hybrid telehealth modality flow board summarizes how patients received care from volunteers in person and remotely. Successes of the modality included collecting medical records before the visit, creating more defined roles, and implementing e-prescriptions. Challenges faced included recording vital signs and communicating between volunteers on-site and remotely. We present our lessons learned and future plans for other free clinics to optimize their telehealth modalities.
Implementation of Training Protocols Addressing Equitable Care in US Student-Run Clinics
Authors: Shah Aashka , Barger Nathan , Ding Jessica , Li Raissa , Mahendraraj Kuhan , Patel Shrey , Pong Clinton
Published: May 2023

Background: Student-run clinics (SRCs) provide free healthcare to surrounding communities—oftentimes underserved communities. In these clinics, medical students see a wide array of patients under the supervision of physicians. SRCs have helped to fill a gap in primary care and provide an opportunity for students to refine their clinical skills. However, no uniform training program exists across all student-run clinics. This study aims to assess and analyze the quality and characterization of these training programs to inform future trainings and ultimately provide more equitable care to the communities being served by SRCs. Methods: A nine-question survey was sent out by email to 96 clinics across the United States. Upon obtaining data, the study team de-identified the results. Two independent raters coded the survey responses using an inductive approach. Themes were derived from responses and summarized into nominal codes.

Results: The populations served by the clinics that responded in decreasing order of magnitude were underinsured/uninsured (83%); immigrant/non-English speaking populations (75%); black, indigenous, and people of color (67%); homeless (67%); low-income (67%); sex workers (17%); youth (8%); and injection drug users (8%). Nine (75%) clinics had some form of training for volunteers and 3 (25%) offered no formal trainings. 75% of all clinics surveyed offered both “cultural competency” and “general introduction to systems training.” The majority of clinics partnered with local hospitals/clinics (50%). Other community partners included mental health and homeless agencies, local pharmacies, and schools. Two (17%) of the clinics surveyed did not have any community partners.

Conclusion: SRCs offer a unique solution towards bridging the gap in health inequity in America. The study shows possible gaps in training among schools in the US. Although some schools have adopted formal, standardized training programs, many do not encompass instruction on topics including cultural humility, trauma-informed care, de-escalation, and population-specific care.
https://omp.rimanaeditorial.com/index.php/omp/catalog/view/2/37/96
Authors: Chicaiza Salgado Edison , Naranjo Peláez Germania Elizabeth
Published: May 2023

niversidad de las Américas es consciente que, hoy en día, los avances tecnológicos contribuyen directamente con la industria manufacturera y de servicios. Los conocimientos de optimización y estandarización junto con las nuevas tecnologías facilitan el desarrollo y mejora de los procesos. Las herramientas de gestión de procesos, Lean Manufacturing, así como el propósito de los estudiantes de ingeniería industrial, es ayudar a las empresas que desean optimizar procesos y eliminar desperdicios en sus organizaciones. El proyecto utiliza metodologías que se adaptan a las necesidades de las MiPymes, basadas en el estudio de tiempos y flujo de procesos junto con aplicaciones 5S, mapeo de la cadena de valor y trabajo estandarizado.
La crisis del Siglo XXI: Analogías y diferencias
Authors: Aroca Notario María Dolores , López Charlo María
Published: May 2023

Este trabajo trata de abarcar el estudio de las dos crisis económicas produci-das durante las primeras décadas del siglo XXI. A lo largo del mismo se va a tratar de analizar tanto sus orígenes como sus causas y consecuencias, fundamental-mente económicas, a través de los objetivos macroeconómicos y sus respectivos indicadores macroeconómicos. Así como la rápida propagación a nivel mundial de ambas crisis por el efecto de la globalización.
The Relationship between Learning Independence and Learning Motivation with Student Academic Achievement
Authors: Isa Abdullah
Published: May 2023

Learning independence and learning motivation is very important to student academic achievement. Many efforts have been made to improve student achievement in the Nursing Diploma Study Program at the University of Timor, but the results have not been as expected. This study aims to identify the relationship between learning independence and learning motivation with the academic achievement of students of Unimor Nursing Study Program. The method used is descriptive and correlative with the cross-sectional approach. The sample was Unimor Nursing Diploma Study Program students, recruited by a total sampling of 46 people. The results showed that forty-six students of the Nursing Study Program at the University of Timor completed a questionnaire containing a Liker scale of 1-5 for learning independence and learning motivation. Student academic achievements are obtained from the academic division of the Nursing Diploma Study Program. Pearson Chi-Square analysis at an alpha of 0.05 shows that there is no relationship between learning independence and learning motivation with student academic achievement [p-value> 0.05]. The conclusion is that there is no relationship between learning independence and learning motivation with the academic achievement of students of the University of Timor Nursing Study Program.
Difficulté scolaire : ce qu’en disent élèves, parents et professionnels de l’éducation
Authors: Delelis Gérald , Desombre Caroline , Lachal Marc , Gaillet Françoise , Antoine Laura , Urban Eugène
Published: May 2023

Malgré une volonté d’objectivité, l’évaluation des élèves en difficulté scolaire est, en partie, influencée par les représentations sociales de la difficulté scolaire que les évaluateurs possèdent. Cette étude vise à analyser ces représentations pour divers acteurs du système éducatif à savoir des élèves, des parents d’élèves, des enseignants et des psychologues scolaires. Les résultats indiquent que la difficulté scolaire se décline sous divers aspects  : problèmes liés à la famille, aux pairs, à l’école, caractéristiques personnelles (personnalité, troubles cognitifs, comportements), culture et aide à apporter. Par ailleurs, ces différentes catégories ne se retrouvent pas de manière équivalente en fonction des groupes même si les explications internes sont prédominantes dans les descriptions. Les implications de ces représentations contrastées sont discutées.
La qualité de récits imaginaires d’élèves franco-albertains : étude de l’influence d’un style cognitif préférentiel et d’un soutien relatif aux stratégies rédactionnelles
Authors: Langevin René , Cavanagh Martine
Published: May 2023

Cette étude avait pour but de vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle le style cognitif préférentiel d’un élève qu’il soit séquentiel ou simultané est susceptible d’affecter négativement les textes imaginaires produits par ce dernier. L’étude avait également pour objectif de vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle un élève ayant appris les stratégies de Cavanagh (2007) et affichant un style cognitif préférentiel séquentiel ou simultané produira des textes de meilleure qualité que celui ayant un style cognitif préférentiel semblable mais qui n’a pas été exposé à ces mêmes stratégies. Pour tester ces hypothèses, nous avons déterminé le style cognitif préférentiel de 45 sujets franco-albertains, soit 33 garçons et 12 filles de 9 ou 10 ans, à l’aide de l’Épreuve verbale d’aptitudes cognitives (ÉVAC) élaborée par Flessas et Lussier (2003). Lors d’un prétest, nous avons divisé les sujets en deux groupes (expérimental et témoin) avant de leur demander d’écrire un récit de fiction. Ensuite, pendant une période de 12 semaines, nous avons enseigné au groupe expérimental les stratégies réunies par Cavanagh (2007). Enfin (lors du post-test), nous avons demandé aux membres des deux groupes de rédiger un dernier récit. Tous les résultats se rapportant aux hypothèses de la présente étude ne sont pas conformes à nos attentes. Finalement, nous proposons des pistes de recherches prometteuses qui permettraient d’éviter certaines embûches rencontrées dans la présente étude.
Le développement des enfants vivant dans des conditions de risques psychosociaux : les services de garde peuvent-ils faire une différence ?
Authors: Bigras Nathalie , Pomerleau Andrée , Malcuit Gérard , Blanchard Danielle
Published: May 2023

Cette étude examine l’utilisation des services de garde par les familles en relation avec leur niveau de risques psychosociaux et vérifie s’il existe des liens entre le développement des enfants et la fréquentation de divers types de services de garde. À cette fin, nous utilisons les données des deux dernières cueillettes de l’évaluation de l’initiative 1,2,3GO!. L’échantillon comporte 978 enfants et familles provenant de territoires urbains (n = 362), semi-urbains (n = 431) et ruraux (n = 185). Les enfants sont âgés entre 20 et 42 mois. Nous mesurons le développement cognitif des enfants avec le Bayley (1993) et les caractéristiques sociodémographiques des familles. Les parents répondent à un questionnaire sur le mode de garde utilisé pour leur enfant. Les résultats indiquent que plus les familles cumulent des facteurs de risques (pauvreté, sous-scolarité et monoparentalité) plus les scores de développement cognitif des enfants sont bas. Les enfants qui fréquentent des services de garde structurés (garderie, milieu familial) ont des scores de développement cognitif significativement plus élevés que les enfants qui fréquentent des services de garde moins structurés (halte-garderie, garde par un proche) ou qui n’en fréquentent pas. Les résultats montrent aussi que tous les enfants qui fréquentent des services de garde, quel que soit le niveau de risques de leur famille, ont des scores de développement plus élevés. La discussion porte sur les retombées potentielles de ces données pour les enfants et leurs familles. Elle souligne aussi l’importance d’ajuster l’offre de services de garde pour les enfants vulnérables.
Perspectives nouvelles sur l’attachement à partir d’études sur les problèmes extériorisés des enfants
Authors: Paquette Daniel
Published: May 2023

Cet article présente comment, au cours des dix dernières années, mes travaux de recherche sur l’agression physique et les problèmes extériorisés chez les enfants de moins de six ans ont contribué au domaine de l’attachement. Le suivi longitudinal d’une cohorte d’enfants de mères adolescentes a montré que l’attachement mère-enfant est associé aux comportements antisociaux des filles mais pas à ceux des garçons. Ces travaux ont mené à un projet permettant d’explorer le rôle des jeux de bataille père-enfant dans la socialisation de l’agressivité des enfants, tout particulièrement des garçons. Par la suite, la théorie de la relation d’activation a été développée afin de mieux comprendre la contribution des pères pour l’attachement et le développement de l’enfant. L’article se termine en soulignant l’importance maintenant accordée à la problématique de l’attachement par le Centre jeunesse de Montréal-Institut universitaire dans l’intervention auprès des jeunes enfants en difficulté.
Variations de l’attention et du sommeil d’enfants de 7-8 ans en fonction des modes de transport scolaire utilisés
Authors: Clarisse René , Le Floc’h Nadine , Testu François , Fournier Christelle
Published: May 2023

L’objectif de la recherche était de déterminer l’incidence des transports scolaires sur les niveaux et les variations de l’attention et du sommeil nocturne de 31 élèves de 7 - 8 ans. L’attention a été mesurée par des tests de barrage de nombres et de figures et une grille standardisée a été remplie par les familles jour après jour du lundi au dimanche afin d’étudier le sommeil. Les épreuves sont passées collectivement, à raison de quatre passations par jour du lundi au vendredi (9h00, 11h30, 13h30 et 16h00). Le mode de transport n’a pas eu d’incidence sur les performances attentionnelles et sur le sommeil nocturne. Les profils journaliers et hebdomadaires obtenus étaient conformes aux profils attendus pour les enfants de cet âge. Les résultats suggéraient le concours de différents synchroniseurs socio-écologiques pour limiter l’effet de l’usage des transports scolaires constatés dans des travaux précédents. Les durées de déplacement et l’aménagement du temps scolaire ont permis de préserver une amplitude de la journée de l’enfant à un seuil acceptable. La synchronisation induite par la famille et par l’aménagement du temps scolaire est également à prendre en compte dans le maintien et la régularité des durées de sommeil de l’enfant.
L’état des connaissances à l’égard des comportements à risque des adolescentes ayant vécu une agression sexuelle
Authors: Wright John , Cinq-Mars Caroline , Cyr Mireille , McDuff Pierre
Published: May 2023

Bien que plusieurs auteurs aient émis l’hypothèse d’un lien entre l’agression sexuelle (AS) et plusieurs comportements à risque, aucune recension d’études empiriques chez les adolescentes n’a décrit ou analysé les connaissances existantes provenant de la littérature scientifique sur ce sujet. Afin de palier à cette lacune, une recension de 47 études portant sur les comportements à risque des adolescentes qui ont été agressées sexuellement a été effectuée. La consommation d’alcool et de drogues, les conduites sexuelles risquées, les actes délinquants et l’automutilation constituent les comportements à risque qui ont fait l’objet de la présente recension. Dans l’ensemble, il apparaît que les adolescentes qui ont été victimes d’AS sont plus susceptibles de présenter ces comportements à risques que les autres adolescentes. Toutefois, en ce qui concerne les actes délinquants et l’automutilation, les résultats devront être reproduits pour être considérés fiables étant donné le nombre plus restreint d’études et les différentes méthodologies utilisées. Par ailleurs, il semble que certaines caractéristiques familiales et de l’agression ont également une influence sur l’apparition des comportements à risque et peuvent constituer des facteurs de risque et de protection. Les dynamiques psychologiques qui sous-tendent les comportements à risque de même que certains modèles théoriques dans lesquels ces comportements pourraient s’inscrire sont discutés. Des implications cliniques et pistes de recherches futures sont également soulignées.
Diversité des difficultés adaptatives et typologies individuelles dans une population d’enfants à haut potentiel intellectuel
Authors: Escribe Muriel , Rogé Bernadette , Blicharski Teresa
Published: May 2023

Des recherches antérieures présentent des résultats contrastés et controversés concernant les difficultés rencontrées par les enfants à haut potentiel intellectuel. L’objectif de cette étude est de déterminer les éventuelles difficultés adaptatives d’une population d’enfants à haut potentiel intellectuel en lien avec leurs caractéristiques individuelles. Un échantillon de 98 individus âgés de 10 à 15 ans dont le quotient intellectuel (Q.l.) est supérieur ou égal à 130 a été retenu. Deux types d’approches ont été sélectionnés : a) recueil de données anamnestiques auprès de la mère ; b) questionnaires autoévaluatifs (Personnalité et Motivation) de l’enfant. Les analyses factorielles distinguent clairement les facteurs propres à l’enfant et les dimensions liées à l’environnement qui sous-tendent les difficultés d’adaptation des enfants intellectuellement précoces (E.I.P). Les résultats d’analyses typologiques montrent des trajectoires développementales plus au moins fonctionnelles. Les plus grandes difficultés sont davantage le fait de facteurs contextuels que de prédispositions biologiques. Ces résultats peuvent s’inscrire dans le cadre de programmes destinés à la prévention de troubles psychopathologiques ou développementaux.
Le maintien de l’exercice du rôle paternel après une rupture conjugale : obstacles et facilitateurs
Authors: Gaudet Judith , Devault Annie , Bouchard Camil
Published: May 2023

Des études récentes montrent que quelques années après un divorce ou une séparation, un nombre important de pères sont absents de la vie de leur enfant ou très peu impliqués dans leur éducation. En raison de ce problème social, quelques chercheurs en sciences humaines et sociales ont tenté de mieux comprendre ce phénomène et d’identifier les variables associées à l’engagement ou au désengagement des pères. Étant donné qu’un nombre croissant d’études ont porté sur cette question au cours des dernières années, nous proposons d’en faire une synthèse et d’identifier plus spécifiquement les variables associées au maintien de l’engagement des pères divorcés. L’analyse des écrits indique que certaines variables influencent différemment le maintien de l’engagement paternel post-divorce selon les contextes. Les variables les plus documentées sont : le degré d’implication et d’attachement du père envers ses enfants avant la rupture, son adaptation psychologique post-rupture, ses arrangements de garde, ses revenus, l’intensité avec laquelle il s’identifie à son rôle parental, le soutien social dont il bénéficie et la qualité de la relation entre les ex-conjoints. Les auteurs proposent en conclusion des pistes de recherche pour contribuer à l’avancement des connaissances dans le domaine.
Estime de soi et dyslexie développementale
Authors: Pakzad Sarah , Rogé Bernadette
Published: May 2023

La présente étude porte sur l’évaluation de différentes dimensions de la mesure d’estime de soi chez les dyslexiques et non-dyslexiques (N=96), en utilisant la version française de Perceived Competence Scale for Children (PCSC) de Harter. Notre échantillon comprend 33 enfants dyslexiques, 31 enfants en difficulté scolaire et 32 enfants ayant de bonnes performances scolaires, appariés sur les critères de l’âge et du niveau scolaire. Ils ont été testés pour les dimensions cognitive, sociale, physique et générale de l’estime de soi de ce test. La lecture des questions se fait par l’adulte, l’enfant dispose d’une liste de cases à cocher et il a quatre possibilités de réponse pour chaque question. Une analyse de la variance multivariée (Manova) suivie des analyses post hoc (Tukey) ont été menées. Les résultats montrent que les dyslexiques s’estiment aussi compétents que les deux autres groupes d’enfants pour les dimensions physique, sociale et générale. Ils ont par contre une faible estime de soi cognitive par rapport aux deux autres groupes d’enfants. Ce qui révèle une perception très défavorable de leur intelligence due à leurs difficultés en lecture. Les enfants en difficulté scolaire s’estiment aussi compétents que les enfants ayant de bonnes performances scolaires, quelle que soit la dimension envisagée.
Les controverses entourant la notion de l’aliénation parentale
Authors: Van Gijseghem Hubert
Published: May 2023

Le concept de l’Aliénation Parentale ne fait pas l’unanimité. Même s’il est décrit (bien que pas nécessairement nommé) depuis des décennies, il n’a pas pleinement gagné ses lettres de créance. Le concept est en effet décrié par des groupes de pression qui y voient un autre moyen utilisé par des experts partiaux pour « défendre les pères inadéquats sinon incestueux ». Dans cette contribution, l’auteur traite d’un nombre de controverses et tente d’objectiver un débat devenu par trop émotif.
Le climat social de la classe : élaboration d’une échelle adaptée aux collégiens français et prédiction de la performance scolaire
Authors: Bennacer Halim
Published: May 2023

Cette recherche présente l’élaboration de « l’Échelle du climat social de la classe » (ÉCC), qui constitue le résultat d’une adaptation française, auprès de 1502 élèves, du « Classroom Environment Scale » de Moos et Trickett (1987). Les indices de fidélité (cohérence interne, stabilité temporelle) et de validité discriminante des sous-échelles se montrent satisfaisants. Les résultats indiquent que le climat de la classe peut être considéré comme variables dépendantes (des caractéristiques physico-environnementales) et indépendantes (de la performance scolaire). Cette étude prouve que les évaluations scolaire et pédagogique diffèrent selon le climat. Elle permet de relever bon nombre d’interactions entre des paires de variables se rapportant à celui-ci et aux caractéristiques personnelles. Des implications pratiques ont été tirées pour améliorer la performance scolaire.