bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dengue Vaccine: Challenges and Limitations
Authors: Quazi Manjurul Haque  , Syed Minhaj Uddin Ahmed  , Md Arifur Rahman  , Abdullah Akhtar Ahmed  , Md Zulfikar Ali
Published: January 2024

Dengue is a common mosquito-transmitted viral infectious disease. Due to global warming and other climate changes, the dengue virus vector Aedes aegypti mosquito is breeding rapidly and spreading the dengue worldwide. As a result, every year, millions of people are infected by the dengue virus and tolls thousands of lives across the world. World Health Organization (WHO) has given a terrible message that dengue can become as an epidemic. Therefore, the invention of an effective dengue vaccine is a way to build the body’s immunity to fight against the disease. Efforts to develop a vaccine against dengue have been ongoing for decades. Currently, Dengvaxia is approved for use by individuals to prevent dengue with some limitations. Another vaccine, Qdenga is also shown to be effective against verities of dengue virus serotypes but this vaccine is not approved by the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) yet. Neither Dengvaxia nor Qdenga has approved in Bangladesh and other low and middle-economic countries due to its conservative approach, controversy and lack of WHO guidelines on dengue vaccine.
KYAMC Journal Volume: 14, No: 03, October 2023: 172-174.
A Case of Retinal Edema in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Optic Neuritis
Authors: Park Moon Young , Shin Hyun Jin
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To report a case of retinal edema and retinal hemorrhage in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) positive optic neuritis.Case summary: A 49-year-old male visited the clinic due to decreased vision and eye pain in the left eye after 2 times of right eye and 1 time of left eye optic neuritis. The patient presented with eyelid swelling and retinal hemorrhage as well as optic disc swelling of the left eye. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed parafoveal intraretinal fluid. The patient received the intravenous high-dose steroids and the immune globulin therapy. He was then put on maintenance oral steroids and immunosuppressive agents. After the treatment, the best corrected visual acuity of left eye was improved to 0.2. Retinal hemorrhage and retinal edema of the left eye decreased, and optic nerve pale in both eyes was observed. OCT showed overall atrophy of the retinal nerve fiber layer in both eyes.Conclusions: Some patient with MOG-IgG positive optic neuritis will have eyelid swelling or retinal edema that is necessary to be differentiated from eyelid inflammatory disorder or macular disease such as diabetic retinopathy. Thus, clinician should consider MOG-IgG positive optic neuritis in patients with retinal edema when accompanied by eye pain with severe vision loss or repeated disc swelling. When diagnosed with MOG-IgG positive optic neuritis, a combined treatment of relatively long-term steroid treatment and immunosuppressants may be required.
Tvorba animačných programov pre deti v dennom tábore
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Küchelová Zuzana , Tomková Petra
Published: January 2024

Publikácia je zameraná na detské animačné programy, zamerané na tvorivú činnosť a športovú aktivitu. Tvorba animačných aktivít (programov) súvisí so zámerom obohatenia a naplnenia voľného času rôznym vekovým skupinám. Dobre pripravený program, zaujímavá téma, dynamický priebeh hier, pomáhajú napĺňať voľný čas kedykoľvek. Príprava a realizácia, kreativita, bohatá ponuka a pestrosť programov. To všetko v skratke nájdete v našej publikácii. Ako na to? Snažíme sa vám priblížiť aj na základe našich skúsenosti. Okrem našej odbornej činnosti v oblasti animácie na univerzitnej pôde, sme organizátorkami množstva táborov pre deti. Súčasťou publikácie je súbor hier s čarodejníckou tematikou. URL: https://unibook.upjs.sk/
DESAIN KOMUNIKASI DALAM UPAYA MENYELESAIKAN KONFLIK ANTAR AKTOR PADA KASUS PULAU REMPANG
Authors: Octavyanida Ni’matus Gesa , Putri Tiara Cahaya , Fathurrahman Reza
Published: January 2024

This study discusses the role of the government in providing public services and infrastructure development to increase economic growth and community productivity. The case study focuses on the development of Rempang Eco City in Indonesia, which faced challenges due to the lack of involvement of the local community and the reliance on technical aspects only. The relocation efforts did not consider the social and emotional aspects of the community, leading to conflicts and human rights violations. It highlights the need for an effective communication strategy involving multi-actors to ensure that development projects are sustainable and do not discriminate against local indigenous populations. The government, indigenous communities, and BP Batam need to understand each other's interests and concerns to minimize the emergence of sectoral egos, dominance, and asymmetric information.  The research study used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to explore the conflict between sectors on Rempang Island. Data collection was conducted through document study, gathering information from various credible secondary sources. The data analysis was descriptive, aiming to provide an interpretation of the conflicts and their implications. The theoretical basis of the text is the importance of effective communication in policy formulation and implementation, which is crucial for the proper functioning of democracy in a developing country like Indonesia.
DETEKSI DINI SKOLIOSIS PADA SISWI KELAS 3 DI SDIT AR RISALAH KARTASURA
Authors: Kurniati Risa Fitri , Annisa Nur , Sugiyarti Zara , Hafizh Babsell Aufaa , Jannah Amala Istiqomah , Widodo Agus , Pristianto Arif , Rahman Farid
Published: January 2024

Scoliosis is a spinal disorder where the spine bends to the side (lateral curvature) forming the letter 'S' or 'C' and can be seen when the curvature gets worse and causes discomfort. Untreated scoliosis can get worse, affecting cardiopulmonary function, limiting mobility for sufferers and having a negative impact on body posture. Early detection of scoliosis plays an important role in preventing the deformity and damage from getting worse. Based on age groups, idiopathic scoliosis can be grouped into four, namely infantile (0-3 years). juvenile (4-9 years), adolescent (10 years until growth stops). and adult (>19 years). The purpose of this activity is to prevent potential progression of deformity and early detection of severe deformity that requires operative correction. The basic method of scoliosis screening is a clinical examination in a forward-bending position using a scoliometer which can also be used in a standing or sitting position. Scoliometer measures the Angle of Trunk Rotation. The results of the counseling show that there are several grade 3 students who experience scoliosis. Scoliosis causes participants to experience physical impacts such as a degree of tilt in the spine. The conclusion of this education and counseling on early detection of scoliosis has had a good impact in helping to increase knowledge in grade 3 students at SDIT Ar Risale Kartasura.
OPTIMALISASI E-CONTRACT (KONTRAK ELEKTRONIK) DALAM PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF INDONESIA
Authors: Tompul Verawati BR
Published: January 2024

This study is to analyze the validity of electronic contracts in transactions in international trade in terms of positive law in Indonesia. This study is based on the results of a descriptive normative legal study using a legal approach. Types and sources of legal materials used are secondary data. The results of the study show that the validity of electronic contracts in e-commerce transactions with the payment method must meet the provisions of Article 1320 of the Civil Code regarding the terms of the validity of the agreement. In e-commerce transactions to conduct international trade, the terms of validity in Article 1320 of the Civil Code are very difficult to fulfill, so contracts born in e-commerce transactions with payment methods via are invalid and can canceled through a court decision if the parties or one of the parties so wish, but if the parties do not ask for cancellation then the contract remains valid and binding on the parties involved. The responsibilities of each party involved in this transaction, namely the seller, the buyer, the payment system operator, and the expeditionary party, must be viewed in terms of the obligations of each party and also in terms of the loss caused by the fault of the parties involved.
PENGARUH FASILITAS PAJAK, TINGKAT UTANG, DAN KOMPENSASI MANAJEMEN TERHADAP MANAJEMEN PAJAK
Authors: - Yulyanah , Awaludin Rahmat
Published: January 2024

This study aims to empirically prove the effect of tax facilities, debt levels, and management compensation on tax management. This research was conducted in Energy Sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The type of research used is quantitative. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of annual financial reports published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2017-2021. Samples were collected using purposive sampling method in order to obtain as many as 85 observational data. The data was processed using the Eviews 10 Statistical Program to test the hypothesis using panel data regression analysis. Based on the results of the F statistical test simultaneously tax facilities, debt levels, and management compensation together have an influence on tax management. The results of the t statistical test partially tax facilities and management compensation have an influence on tax management. While the level of debt has no effect on tax management.
Patent Research of DC Electric Drive Power Supply Systems Based on Active Converters With Power Correction
Authors: Saburov D. , Sagdeeva G. , Ganiev R.
Published: January 2024

Despite the fact that the AC electric drive has recently been increasingly “displacing” the DC drive, it is quite relevant, because completely satisfies the requirements of technological processes. Consideration of the problem of electromagnetic compatibility of DC converter installations with the supply electrical network occupies a large place. The article provides research and analysis of the influence of valve loads on the quality of the power supply network and ways to improve the quality of power supply by replacing existing converters with active DC-DC converters with power factor correction, as well as a patent study.
Patent Investigation of a Frequency-controlled Asynchronous Electric Drive
Authors: Murashko D. , Gavrilov E. , Sagdeeva G.
Published: January 2024

Currently, the introduction of energy-saving equipment and technologies is a priority task in the Russian Federation. The efficiency of energy resources utilization in our country does not exceed 30%, i. e. about 2/3 of the supplied energy is lost in the process of its final use. The modern level of technology development allows to have a coefficient of useful use of energy resources not less than 50-60%, which allows to create favorable conditions for solving important resource-saving tasks of any production. One of the priority directions of energy saving in industry is the introduction of variable frequency drive. In the world practice regulated electric drive is recognized as one of the most effective energy-saving and resource-saving environmentally friendly technologies.
Patent Research of Systems for Monitoring the Technical Condition of Electric Motors and Transformers
Authors: Sokolov A. , Sagdeeva G. , Gavrilov E.
Published: January 2024

The article presents the main causes of malfunctions of electric motors and power transformers at industrial enterprises, the main technical parameters of electrical equipment, providing information on the technical condition. Comparison of systems for monitoring the technical condition of electrical equipment from different manufacturers is made.
Idioms of the Kyrgyz and Arabic Languages, Conveying Negative Human Qualities
Authors: Buudaibekova E.Sh. , Al-Zuhairi Mahmoud Ismail Ibrahim , Khalaf Elabdo Ali Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Phraseological expressions in the Kyrgyz and Arabic languages, expressing the internal qualities of a person and his negative qualities from the inside — belonging only to his personal inner world, which cannot be felt or seen from the outside: anger, stinginess, greed, laziness, cunning, etc. are reflected here. Phraseological means expressing the negative qualities of a person, his positive character, his numerical abundance of phraseological units expressing their quality, the diversity of their semantic nature, the abundance of their stylistic evaluative properties and their originality are reflected in this article.
Kolesistektomi Sonrası Biliyer Kaçak Gelişen Hastalarda Biliyer Stent ve Nazobiliyer Drenin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: AYTE Mehmet Raşit , YÜKSEL İlhami
Published: January 2024

Amaç: Kolesistektomi sonrası gelişen biliyer kaçak tedavisinde Endoskopik Retrograd Kolanjiyopankreatografi (ERCP) ile yerleştirilen biliyer stent veya nazobiliyer dren (NBD) tercih edilen prosedürlerdir. Çalışmamızda, biliyer kaçak tespit edilen hastalarda NBD veya biliyer stentin etkinliğini karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.
Materyal ve metod: Postkoleksistektomi safra kaçağı olan 37 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. 20 hastaya biliyer stent, 17 hastaya NBD uygulandı. Hastalar; ek işlem gereksinimi, ERCP komplikasyonları, hastanede yatış süresi, toplam takip süresi açısından karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: Biliyer stent uygulanan 20 hastanın 11’inde (%55) sistik güdükten, 5’inde (%25) Luschka’dan, 4’ünde(%20) lateral duvardan kaçak vardı. Hastanede yatış süresi 10.5±7 gün iken, toplam takip süreleri 89.9±42.8 gün di. NBD uygulanan 17 hastanın 10’unda (%58.8) sistik güdükten, 4’ünde (%23.5) lutckadan , 2’sinde(%11.7) lateral duvardan, 1’inde (%5.8) sağ segmental duktustan kaçak vardı. Hastanede yatış süresi 11.9±3 gün iken, total takip süreleri 31.5±11.7 gündü. Ayrıca kaçak lokalizasyonuna gore; 1. grupta (Strazberg tip A) hospitalizasyon süresi 9±2.25 gün, toplam takip siresi 54.04±6.72 iken, 2. grupta (Strazberg tip A dışı) hastanede yatış süresi 16.9±2.68 gün, toplam takip süreleri 84±40,15 gündü.
Sonuç: Biliyer stent uygulanan hastalarda, hastanede yatış süresinin daha kısa olduğu ve komplikasyonların daha az geliştiği, tesbit edildi. NBD'li hastalarda toplam takip süreleri daha kısaydı. Ayrıca çalışmamız uygulanacak modalitenin belirlenmesinde kaçak yerinin de göz önüne alınması gerektiğini düşündürmektedir
Modeling and Forecasting COVID-19 Incidence Rates: A Time Series Analysis of Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) in France Since Surveillance Initiation
Authors: TAYLAN SELAMLAR Hanife
Published: January 2024

Objective: This study aims to address the challenges of planning and managing the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic by evaluating the predictive abilities of three distinct forecasting models. The primary focus is on the ATA univariate forecasting method, ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average), and ETS (Error-Trend-Seasonality) models. These models are applied to a meticulously collected dataset comprising Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) incidence rates in France, systematically collected since the initiation of surveillance.
Methods: The purpose of the study was to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of forecasting models using the selected dataset to achieve its objective. The focus was on comparing the accuracy and performance of ATA univariate forecasting, ARIMA, and ETS models in predicting COVID-19 incidence rates. Additionally, the study incorporated a combination approach proven to be effective in enhancing forecasting performance.
Results: According to the results obtained regarding forecast performance, the univariate models indicate that the ATA method exhibits the highest performance, while observations reveal that combinations of ATA and ARIMA methods enhance forecast accuracy.
Conclusions: In summary, the most accurate approach for forecasting future Covid-19 incidence rates, specifically those derived from Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI), has been a combination of the high-accuracy methods ATA and ARIMA. These findings enhance our understanding of the trajectory of the pandemic, providing a foundation for strategic planning and effective management.
IMPACTO ECONÓMICO DEL GASTO TURÍSTICO: COMPAÑÍAS DE BAJO COSTE VERSUS TRADICIONALES
Authors: Puertas Medina Rosa , Martí Selva María Luisa , Calafat Marzal Consuelo
Published: January 2024

El objetivo del artículo es medir cuantitativamente como la inyección de dinero realizada en la economía por el gasto de los turistas se traduce en una mayor contribución a los ingresos públicos, generación de empleo y nuevas oportunidades de negocios, diferente según el transporte aéreo elegido. Se utilizará el análisis Input-Output, el cual permitirá identi?car el efecto directo, indirecto e inducido, tanto de forma agregada como sectorialmente. Los resultados de la investigación permiten a?rmar que actualmente el consumo de los usuarios de las compañías tradicionales todavía tiene mayor impacto sobre el PIB que los de las compañías de bajo coste.
Crisis de la deuda y nueva gobernanza económica: una alternativa conservadora al gobierno económico europeo
Authors: Rodríguez Ortiz Francisco
Published: January 2024

El período anterior a la crisis de 2007 se ha caracterizado por el peso creciente adquirido por el capital financiero y por la relajación de las normas de regulación en torno al sector financiero. Tras el estallido de la crisis, los gobiernos han tenido que acudir a medidas de inspiración keynesiana para salvar al capitalismo de sus propios excesos. Parecía que se abría un nuevo equilibrio de fuerzas a nivel mundial entre Mercado y Estado, que permitiría un crecimiento más equilibrado. Pero, al final, la crisis financiera ha inducido un desbordamiento del déficit y de las deudas públicas. Europa, más que Estados Unidos, se ha decantado por una política económica basada en unas reglas restrictivas que recortan la discrecionalidad del Estado. El semblante de federalismo económico que se va imponiendo no supone una progresión real en materia de gobernanza económica sino que aleja cada vez más a la eurozona de la democracia y del gobierno económico europeo.
Eficacia y derechos humanos en la asignación de la ayuda al desarrollo del Gobierno de España
Authors: Bandeira Pablo
Published: January 2024

El Gobierno de España ha firmado los dos tratados internacionales existentes para mejorar la eficacia de su ayuda, la Declaración de París y la Agenda de Accra para la Acción. Uno de los compromisos más importantes asumidos en estos tratados consiste en otorgar la ayuda a los gobiernos, tanto en forma como en cantidad, en función de su grado de eficacia y transparencia en su gestión pública, y de su respeto y protección de los derechos humanos. A partir de los datos existentes de 2007 y 2008, este estudio ha podido constatar que el Gobierno no parece haber tomado en consideración ninguno de estos dos aspectos a la hora de asignar su ayuda a gobiernos receptores. Si bien en el nuevo Plan Director se establece como “prioridad horizontal” la “promoción de los derechos humanos y la gobernabilidad democrática”, no se sabe cómo y por qué motivos, el Gobierno otorga su ayuda a unos u otros actores.
Immigrant Entrepreneurship: An International Comparison
Authors: Coduras Martínez Alicia , Saiz-Alvarez José Manuel , Cuervo-Arango Martínez Carlos
Published: January 2024

The actual triple-C, as a combination of economic and financial crises, in addition to the crisis in credibility of economic policy, has fostered North-North and South-North immigration. The objective of this work is to determine the dimension of immigrant´s entrepreneurship, according to their recipient countries being factor driven, efficiency driven, and innovation driven economies. We demonstrate that efficiency driven nations are characterized by modera-te demographic growth and immigrant´s entrepreneurial activity along with a very discrete immigration, while the innovation driven nations are defined by a negative demographic growth and discrete immigrant´s entrepreneurial activity along with an important reception of immigrants.
Progreso económico: diferentes planteamientos y aspectos morales y sociales
Authors: Galindo Martín Miguel Ángel , Méndez Picazo María Teresa
Published: January 2024

El estudio del progreso no es algo nuevo. Los pensadores griegos señalaron que el progreso significa un avance progresivo de la ciencia y la tecnología y, algunas veces, este avance se relaciona con la felicidad. Parte de la literatura existente ha identificado el progreso económico con el crecimiento económico. Sin embargo, existe una diferencia importante entre ambos conceptos. Como afirma Holcombe, el crecimiento económico hace referencia a la cantidad de productos, mientras que el progreso económico se refiere a la calidad de los mismos.El objetivo de este artículo es analizar estos tres puntos de vista, mostrando las diferentes implicaciones para la sociedad, teniendo en cuenta algunos factores que deben considerarse en el progreso económico, como los consumos morales y la distribución del ingreso, entre otros.
Los programas de apoyo a la creación de spin-off s universitarias en el reino Unido y españa: una tipología
Authors: Beraza Garmendia José María , Rodríguez Castellanos Arturo
Published: January 2024

El presente trabajo identifica diferentes modelos de programas de apoyo a la creación de spin-offs en las universidades del Reino Unido y España, y analiza sus características diferenciadoras. Este análisis se realiza a partir de los datos recabados a través de una encuesta, dirigida a responsables de pro-gramas de apoyo a la creación de spin-offs en universidades de estos países, a los que se ha aplicado análisis cluster, y posteriormente análisis Anova para confirmar sus resultados. Esto ha permitido identificar en estas universidades tres tipos de programas de apoyo a la creación de spin-offs diferentes en tér-minos de experiencia, recursos, compromiso de la universidad, proactividad, selectividad, participación en la gestión y tasa de éxito. Además, se ha podido identificar un tipo considerado como modelo de éxito, caracterizado por una política intermedia en proactividad y selectividad. También se ha encontrado la existencia de un cierto “efecto país” en las características de los programas universitarios de apoyo a la creación de spin-offs más exitosos. Finalmente se ha podido confirmar la importancia dada por la literatura a la existencia de un entorno favorable para el éxito de estos programas.
The Challenges of Taxing the Big
Authors: Tanzi Vito
Published: January 2024

Over the past three decades the income distribution of various advanced countries and especially of Anglo-Saxon countries has become much more un-even than in earlier decades. Several theories have been advanced to explain this change. This paper focuses on the role played by changes that took place in the “architecture” of the income taxes. The changes were promoted by theo-retical arguments and empirical studies, presented by some leading econo-mists, that argued that lower income taxes, especially on individuals at the top of the income distribution, would generate significant beneficial results. The paper challenges some of these arguments and concludes that the lowering of tax rates on high incomes was a major reason for increasing income inequality
ANÁLISIS DEL COMERCIO INTERNACIONAL POR NIVELES TECNOLÓGICOS. UNA APROXIMACIÓN DESDE LA TEORÍA DE REDES
Authors: García Muñiz Ana Salomé , Solís Arias Valentín
Published: January 2024

A partir de técnicas derivadas de la Teoría de Redes, se evalúan las jerarquías y posiciones relativas que mantienen los países pertenecientes a la OCDE en comercio bilateral de manufacturas por niveles tecnológicos en el periodo 1995-2004. Los procedimientos propuestos resuelven algunas limitaciones de las herramientas tradicionales del Análisis de Redes y permiten tratar explícitamente la asimetría que caracteriza el comercio internacional. Los métodos empleados establecen con criterios estadísticos la idoneidad de la aplicación de estructuras centro-periferia, usuales en este campo, e identifican con exactitud dichas estructuras. Los resultados obtenidos, durante la década estudiada, muestra como la integración de los países europeos ha modificado sustantivamente los patrones de comercio de manufacturas de los países de la OECD, disminuyendo el dominio que en esas actividades tenía los Estados Unidos.
KANAME AKAMATSU Y EL MODELO DE DESARROLLO INDUSTRIAL JAPONÉS
Authors: Oizumi Yoichi , Muñoz Pérez Félix Fernando
Published: January 2024

El modelo de desarrollo en cuña fue conceptualizado originalmente por Akamatsu como un modelo estratégico de desarrollo industrial para los países en vías de desarrollo. En los últimos años, esta estrategia ha sido asumida en gran medida por las economías de extremo oriente ?fundamentalmente Corea del Sur y China. El modelo se centra en la interacción entre el comercio internacional, la inversión extranjera directa y el crecimiento económico basado en el desarrollo industrial. Sin embargo la obra de Akamatsu y sus discípulos es desconocida para muchos economistas –principalmente por estar la mayoría de la bibliografía en japonés. El objeto de este artículo es dar a conocer el valor y originalidad de la misma.
ALEMANIA: UN “MODELO” DE AJUSTE NO EXTRAPOLABLE A EUROPA
Authors: Rodriguez Ortiz Francisco
Published: January 2024

La crisis que asola a Europa es una crisis estructural que señala los límites de un régimen de acumulación basado en una moderación salarial compensada por un abultado endeudamiento privado. La crisis ha revelado también que si se descarta la opción federal, los Estados miembros de la eurozona, producto de las debilidades de la integración monetaria, van a seguir estando sometidos individualmente a la restricción del equilibrio exterior, lo que resulta incongruente con la propia lógica de la integración. Proyectar a Alemania como modelo a seguir, aparte de ser inviable desde el punto de vista económico, aboca a Europa a un período prolongado de crecimiento lento que traba la propia consolidación fiscal. Ahora le incumbe a Alemania, país que más provecho ha extraído de la integración monetaria, asumir un liderazgo responsable e imprimir una orientación más expansiva a sus políticas para aliviar el peso del ajuste en la periferia. Ha llegado la hora de romper con la gobernanza económica restrictiva para encaminarse hacia un gobierno económico europeo.
Detection of cotton seed oil in cow ghee using triglyceride profiling
Authors: Atbhaiya Yashwant , Sharma Rajan , Gandhi Kamal , Mann Bimlesh , Gautam Priyae Brath
Published: January 2024

The triglyceride profiling of ghee shows significant variations in different regions of India, influenced by factors such as feeding practices, fatty acid composition, lactation stage, and season. Our study focused on detecting and identifying ghee adulterated with cottonseed oil and ghee sourced from the cotton tract area. Triglyceride profiling was employed on pure, adulterated, and cotton tract area ghee samples. Our findings revealed consistent lower levels of triglycerides with carbon numbers 24 to 30 in cow ghee, while higher levels were observed for carbon numbers 38 to 40 and 50 to 54. However, in ghee adulterated with cottonseed oil, triglycerides with carbon numbers 34 to 38 significantly increased (p<0.05), while those with carbon numbers 50 to 52 decreased significantly (p<0.05)with increasing concentrations of cottonseed oil. To verify the authenticity of the ghee samples, we analyzed normal cow ghee from Livestock Research Centre, National Dairy Research Instituteusing parameters including S-total, S2, S3, S4, and S5. Theobserved values for these parameters (98.77 ± 0.23, 103.30 ± 0.19,99.55 ± 0.22, 97.42 ± 1.31, and 98.34 ± 0.27, respectively) fell within the range specified by International Organization for Standardization. In conclusion, our study highlights the potential of triglyceride profiling as an effective tool for detecting and differentiating ghee adulterated with cottonseed oil and ghee sourced from the cotton tract area. This method is suitable for detecting the presence of cottonseed oil to the tune of 10% in ghee. This technique provides valuable insights into assessing the authenticity and quality of ghee, contributing to the prevention of adulteration practices in the ghee industry
Optimization of ingredients and processing parameters for the development ofCheddar cheese based beverage
Authors: Sharma Nikunj , Upadhyay Ashutosh , Rafiq Syed Mansha , Rafiq Syed Insha
Published: January 2024

The present study was carried out to develop Cheddar cheese based beverage by optimizing the level of ingredients and the processing parameters to meet the increasing consumer demand for functional foods. Cheddar cheese (5-6 months ripened) was used for the preparation. The effect of varying the Cheddar cheese to water ratios (1:1, 1:2 and 1:3) along with different type of emulsifying salts, TSC (tri-sodium citrate) and STPP (sodium tri-polyphosphate) and processing parameters like cooking time (4 & 6 min) and stages of water addition (2 & 3times) on the moisture, viscosity and sensory properties of the developed beverage were studied. At cheese to water ratio of 1:3fat separation was found to occur even after using tri-sodium citrate and sodium tri-polyphosphate as emulsifiers at all processing conditions. Cheese to water ratio of 1:1 resulted in highly viscous product. At cheese to water ratio of 1:2 it was found that the type of emulsifier used, cooking time and stages of water addition had a significant (p<0.05) effect on the beverage properties. Acceptable quality cheese beverage was made at cheese: water of 1:2 with sodium tri-polyphosphate as an emulsifier when cooked for 4 minutes with water added at 2 stages. The resultant product showed acceptable moisture content of71.88+ 0.17%, viscosity of 2.04 + 0.06 Pa s at room temperature with good sensory scores and creamy mouthfeel.
Divulging the magnitude of socio-economic empowerment of dairy women in Eastdistrict of Sikkim
Authors: Lepcha Chimi Yangzom , Mohammad Asif , Chatterjee Anupam , Bhakat Champak , Ali Waris
Published: January 2024

Farm women are responsible for sustainable food and livelihood security. A study was undertaken to measure the socio-economic empowerment of dairy farm women in East district of Sikkim with sampling size of 200 on the year 2021. An index was prepared for measuring the empowerment scores of farm women. The criteria for selection of farm women were based on possession of at least one milch cattle. The study revealed that,36.50 percent of the respondents possessed high empowerment scores, while 35.00 percent of the respondents possessed medium empowerment scores and only 28.50 percent possessed low empowerment score. There was a significant difference in the empowerment scores of socio-economic variables like, age, education, marital status, milk production per day (in lit), social status, farming experience in dairying, annual income through dairying and occupation. Young age category was having the highest empowerment scores with 81.48±1.16. Graduate and above category also possessed high empowerment scores with87.56±1.96. In the case of social status, Other Backward Caste had high empowerment score with 81.46±2.68. Respondents whose occupation was government service+ dairy farming possessed high empowerment scores with 89.10±2.37 while, medium annual income category had the highest empowerment scores with 76.80. Variables like, age, education, marital status, farming experience in dairying, family size, occupation had a significant association with the empowerment score. The study suggests suitable reform in extension service of the state which will mobilize the potential of dairy farm women to adopt sustainable dairy technology and create a means for additional income.
Circulating IL-6 and not its circulating signaling components sIL-6R and sgp130 demonstrate clinical significance in NSCLC patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Nakahara Yoshiro , Kouro Taku , Motoyama Satoru , Miura Masatomo , Fujita Kazuma , Igarashi Yuka , Higashijima Naoko , Matsuo Norikazu , Himuro Hidetomo , Wei Feifei , Horaguchi Shun , Tsuji Kayoko , Mano Yasunobu , Komahashi Mitsuru , Saito Haruhiro , Azuma Koichi , Sasada Tetsuro
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Clinical roles of plasma IL-6 levels have been reported in patients with various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). However, the roles of other IL-6 signaling components, soluble IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R) and soluble gp130 (sgp130), in the plasma have not been elucidated.

Methods: Blood was collected from 106 patients with NSCLC before initiation of ICI treatment (anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibody). Plasma levels of IL-6, sIL-6R, sgp130, and their complexes were assessed by Cox regression hazard model to evaluate their clinical significance. The clinical role of IL-6 or IL-6R genetic polymorphisms was also analyzed.

Results: Cox regression analysis showed that higher plasma IL-6 levels significantly predicted unfavorable overall survival (OS; hazard ratio [HR] 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.68, p = 0.012) in NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. However, plasma sIL-6R and sgp130 levels showed no prognostic significance (p = 0.882 and p = 0.934, respectively). In addition, the estimated concentrations of binary IL-6:sIL-6R and ternary IL-6:sIL-6R:sgp130 complexes and their ratios (binary/ternary complex) were not significantly associated with OS (p = 0.647, p = 0.727, and p = 0.273, respectively). Furthermore, the genetic polymorphisms of IL-6 (−634G>C) and IL-6R (48892A>C) showed no clinical role by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (p = 0.908 and p = 0.639, respectively).

Discussion: These findings demonstrated the clinical significance of plasma levels of IL-6, but not of other IL-6 signaling components, sIL-6R and sgp130, suggesting that classical IL-6 signaling, but not trans-signaling, may be related to anti-tumor immune responses in cancer patients treated with ICIs.
Plant mediated synthesis of flower-like Cu2O microbeads from Artimisia campestris L. extract for the catalyzed synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives
Authors: Abdelbaki Halla , Djemoui Amar , Souli Lahcene , Souadia Ahmed , Ouahrani Mohammed Ridha , Djemoui Brahim , Lahrech Mokhtar Boualem , Messaoudi Mohammed , Ben Amor Ilham , Benarfa Adel , Alsalme Ali , Bechelany Mikhael , Barhoum Ahmed
Published: January 2024

This study presents a novel method for synthesizing 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives through a one-pot, multi-component addition reaction using flower-like Cu2O microbeads as a catalyst. The flower-like Cu2O microbeads were synthesized using an aqueous extract of Artimisia Campestris L. This extract demonstrated the capability to reduce and stabilize Cu2O particles during their initial formation, resulting in the formation of a porous flower-like morphology. These Cu2O microbeads exhibit distinctive features, including a cubic close-packed (ccp) crystal structure with an average crystallite size of 22.8 nm, bandgap energy of 2.7 eV and a particle size of 6 µm. Their catalytic activity in synthesizing 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives was investigated through systematic exploration of key parameters such as catalyst quantity (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 mg/mL), solvent type (dimethylformamide/H2O, ethanol/H2O, dichloromethane/H2O, chloroform, acetone, and dimethyl sulfoxide), and catalyst reusability (four cycles). The Cu2O microbeads significantly increased the product yield from 20% to 85.3%. The green synthesis and outstanding catalytic attributes make these flower-like Cu2O microbeads promising, efficient, and recyclable catalysts for sustainable and effective chemical transformations.
Gender disparities in patients undergoing extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: Springer A. , Dreher A. , Reimers J. , Kaiser L. , Bahlmann E. , van der Schalk H. , Wohlmuth P. , Gessler N. , Hassan K. , Wietz J. , Bein B. , Spangenberg T. , Willems S. , Hakmi S. , Tigges E.
Published: January 2024

Introduction

The use of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (eCPR) has emerged as a treatment option for selected patients who are experiencing refractory cardiac arrest (CA). In the light of increasing availability, the analyses of outcome-relevant predisposing characteristics are of growing importance. We evaluated the prognostic influence of gender in patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) treated with eCPR.

Methods

We retrospectively analysed the data of 377 consecutive patients treated for OHCA using eCPR in our cardiac arrest centre from January 2016 to December 2022. The primary outcome was defined as the survival of patients until they were discharged from the hospital, with a favourable neurological outcome [cerebral performance category (CPC) score of ≤2]. Statistical analyses were performed using baseline comparison, survival analysis, and multivariable analyses.

Results

Out of the 377 patients included in the study, 69 (21%) were female. Female patients showed a lower prevalence rate of pre-existing coronary artery disease (48% vs. 75%, p < 0.001) and cardiomyopathy (17% vs. 34%, p = 0.01) compared with the male patients, while the mean age and prevalence rate of other cardiovascular risk factors were balanced. The primary reason for CA differed significantly (female: coronary event 45%, pulmonary embolism 23%, cardiogenic shock 17%; male: coronary event 70%, primary arrhythmia 10%, cardiogenic shock 10%; p = 0.001). The prevalence rate of witnessed collapse (97% vs. 86%; p = 0.016) and performance of bystander CPR (94% vs. 85%; p = 0.065) was higher in female patients. The mean time from collapse to the initiation of eCPR did not differ between the two groups (77 ± 39 min vs. 80 ± 37 min; p = 0.61). Overall, female patients showed a higher percentage of neurologically favourable survival (23% vs. 12%; p = 0.027) despite a higher prevalence of procedure-associated bleeding complications (33% vs. 16%, p = 0.002). The multivariable analysis identified a shorter total CPR duration (p = 0.001) and performance of bystander CPR (p = 0.03) to be associated with superior neurological outcomes. The bivariate analysis showed relevant interactions between gender and body mass index (BMI).

Conclusion

Our analysis suggests a significant survival benefit for female patients who obtain eCPR, possibly driven by a higher prevalence of witnessed collapse and bystander CPR. Interestingly, the impact of patient age and BMI on neurologically favourable outcome was higher in female patients than in male patients, warranting further investigation.
Narrative inquiry in China
Authors: Xu Shijing , Connelly Michael , Chi Chenkai
Published: January 2024

Narrative inquiry has been widely used in different disciplines around the world. In this article, we focus on narrative inquiry in China where we start by retelling our first close contact with narrative researchers in China in 2007 when Professor Gang Ding at East China Normal University invited leading Chinese researchers to a three-day narrative inquiry workshop co-planned with us (Connelly and Xu). Second, we review narrative studies published in Chinese to demonstrate how widely narrative inquiry has been adopted in educational studies in the country in the past two decades by Chinese university researchers, graduate students, and schoolteachers. Next, our review of English literature of narrative studies related to education in China has two important components: English literature on narrative inquiry contextualized in China and narrative inquiry for reciprocal learning in teacher education and school education between Canada and China. Both reveal how narrative inquiry has contributed to international cross-cultural educational studies related to Chinese contexts. Finally, in the “Discussion” section, we provide our interpretation of some current dialogs on narrative inquiry among Chinese educational researchers; for example, the differences between yanjiu 研究 (research) and tanjiu 探究 (inquiry). Some heated discussions surrounding narrative inquiry in China are also highlighted, including: (1) cultural complexities in narrative inquiry, (2) theoretical frameworks in narrative inquiry, (3) re-storying and fictionalization processes in narrative inquiry, and (4) ethical considerations in narrative inquiry. To conclude, with cases selected and elaborated from the Canada-China partnership, we demonstrate how narrative inquiry has enabled us to develop “reciprocal learning” as both a conceptual framework and a methodological approach to building a multidimensional bridge for reciprocal learning in education between the West and East. This Reciprocal Learning approach reflects our global comparative studies view that the path to global cross-cultural harmony and understanding lies with collaborative action plans among people of different cultures. Writing this article on narrative inquiry in China enabled us to reflect on and learn from narrative inquirers and researchers in China while sharing what we have done in our own narrative inquiry.
School improvement and peer learning partnerships: building organizational resilience in primary schools in England
Authors: Godfrey David , Munoz-Chereau Bernardita
Published: January 2024

Introduction

This article looks at organizational resilience (OR) through the analysis of a sub-set of data gained from an independent and embedded mixed methods implementation and process evaluation (IPE) of the Schools Partnership Program (SPP) implemented over 3 years (2018–2021) and funded by the Education Endowment Foundation (EEF) in England. We describe ways in which SPP ‘learning map’ addresses the (i) anticipation, (ii) coping and (iii) adaptation stages and the extent to which SPP helped building organizational resilience. Taking this theoretical framework as a foundation is a novelty, as despite OR has become prominent in the academic literature apart from a few exceptions there is a dearth of international research examining OR within the school sector.

Methods

A sample of 422 primary schools that took part in SPP (treatment schools) and their comparisons are analyzed applying the organizational capability-based framework. Drawing on SPP empirical data from numerous data collection strategies (interviews, surveys, shadowing school reviews and improvement workshops), the extent to which schools’ resilience capacities were improved is analyzed.

Results

Our findings suggest that SPP supported the development of OR in SPP primary schools. Despite facing several challenging external factors (student deprivation, the COVID disruption, changes to the external accountability framework and competing demands of other partner organizations) and internal factors (teacher attrition, need to developing leaders, upgrade pedagogical skills and encourage student subgroups who were underperforming) SPP schools exert (1) knowledge building through training, the review process, professional dialogue, learning from each other, as well as receiving and giving feedback. Regarding (2) resource availability, schools used SPP as a scaffold to build improvised strategies to access and mobilize shared human and physical resources; (3) social resources were built in the SPP through social capital, sharing of knowledge, enhancing a shared vision and trust. Finally, (4) SPP promoted lateral power dynamics driven by professional learning and accountability.

Discussion

Overall, the paper extends the understanding of school peer review approaches for school improvement and adds to the OR international literature by presenting features that extend it toward building system resilience.
Performance evaluation of solar PV mini grid system in Nepal: a case study Thabang and Sugarkhal
Authors: Karna Sanjay Lal , Jha Ajay Kumar , Yadav Kishori , Kumar Mallik Jiwan
Published: January 2024

This article investigates the performance metrics of two solar mini-grid systems, Thabang Solar Mini-Grid (TSMG) and Sugarkhal Solar Mini-Grid (SSMG), based on secondary live data, collected from Renewable Energy for Rural Livelihood (RERL) and PVsyst software 7.4 spanning the years 2021–2023. Notably, the highest irradiance levels were recorded in April for both TSMG and SSMG. TSMG exhibited an energy generation of 83.206 MWh/year in 2021 and 112.140 MWh/year in 2022, with a peak sun hour (PSH) of 5.5 h. Conversely, SSMG energy generated 64.14 MWh/year in 2021 and 68.79 MWh/year in 2022, with a PSH of 5.7 h. The capture loss of SSGM recorded 0.239 kWh/day to 3.322 kWh/day in 2021 and 0.082 kWh/day to 2.086 kWh/day in 2022. Also, the capture loss of TSGM recorded 1.573 kWh/day to 5.011 kWh/day in 2021 and 0.470 kWh/day to 4.261 kWh/day in 2023. The efficiency of SSMG is consistently higher efficiency compared to TSMG. The capture factor of SSMG increased from 9.76% in 2021 to 10.47% in 2022, while of TSMG 6.33% in 2021 to 8.53% in 2023. The findings provide valuable insights into the comparative performance of these solar mini-grid systems, contributing to the optimization and improvement of solar energy generation in diverse environmental conditions.
Safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine immunization during pregnancy in 1024 pregnant women infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron virus in Shanghai, China
Authors: Deng Hongmei , Jin Yinpeng , Sheng Minmin , Liu Min , Shen Jie , Qian Wei , Zou Gang , Liao Yixin , Liu Tiefu , Ling Yun , Fan Xiaohong
Published: January 2024

Background

Large sample of pregnant women vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine has not been carried out in China. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 inactivated vaccine in pregnant women infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.

Methods

A total of 1,024 pregnant women and 120 newborns were enrolled in this study. 707 pregnant women received one to three doses of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, and 317 unvaccinated patients served as the control group. A comparison was made between their clinical and laboratory data at different stages of pregnancy.

Results

The incidence rate of patients infected with Omicron variant in the first, the second, and the third trimesters of pregnancy was 27.5%, 27.0%, and 45.5% in patients during, respectively. The corresponding length of hospital stay was 8.7 ± 3.3 days, 9.5 ± 3.3 days, and 11 ± 4.3 days, respectively. The hospitalization time of pregnant women who received 3 doses of vaccine was (8.8 ± 3.3) days, which was significantly shorter than that of non-vaccinated women (11.0 ± 3.9) days. (P<0.0001). The positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG in patients in the early stage of pregnancy was 28.8%, while that in patients in the late stage of pregnancy was 10.3%. However, three-doses of vaccination significantly increased the SARS-CoV-2 IgG positive rate to 49.5%. The hospitalization time of SARS-CoV-2 IgG-positive patients was shorter than that of negative patients (9.9 ± 3.5 days), which was 7.4 ± 2.0 days. 12.2% of vaccinated women experienced mild adverse reactions, manifested as fatigue (10.6%) and loss of appetite (1.6%). The vaccination of mother did not affect her choice of future delivery mode and the Apgar score of their newborn. All newborns tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, as well as for IgG and IgM antibodies.

Conclusions

Women in the third trimester of pregnancy are highly susceptible to infection with the Omicron strain. The vaccination of pregnant women with COVID-19 vaccine can accelerate the process of eliminating SARS-CoV-2 virus, and is considered safe for newborns. The recommended vaccination includes three doses.