bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chat Transcripts in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Chats from the AskAway Consortia
Authors: Sobol Barbara , Goncalves Aline , Vis-Dunbar Mathew , Lacey Sajni , Moist Shannon , Jantzi Leanna , Gupta Aditi , Mussell Jessica , Foster Patricia L. , James Kathleen
Published: June 2023

Objective – During the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of post-secondary institutions in British Columbia remained closed for a prolonged period, and volume on the provincial consortia chat service, AskAway, increased significantly. This study was designed to evaluate the content of AskAway transcripts for the 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 academic years to determine if the content of questions varied during the pandemic.
Methods – The following programs were used to evaluate the dataset of more than 70,000 transcripts: R, Python (pandas), Voyant Tools and Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC).
Results – Our findings indicate that the content of questions remained largely unchanged despite the COVID-19 pandemic and the related increase in volume of questions on the AskAway chat service.
Conclusion – These findings suggest that the academic libraries covered by this study were well-poised to provide continued support of patrons through the AskAway chat service, despite an unprecedented closure of physical libraries, a significant increase in chat volume, and a time of global uncertainty.
Methods and techniques used in increasing gas temperature in front of the gas turbine engine turbine
Authors: Pismennyi V.L.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents methods and techniques used in increasing gas temperature in front of the turbine blades of the gas turbine engine making it possible in the aggregate to reach the gas temperature of 2300 K. Gas turbine blades made on the basis of the best nickel alloys could operate for a long time without cooling at the temperature of not more than 1300 K. Convective-film cooling today appears to be the most effective method of air cooling the blades, due to which (in combination with the heat-shielding coatings) gas temperature of 2000 K is reached in the fifth-generation gas turbine engines. Significant increase in the efficiency of the turbine blades internal cooling (convective, convective-film, porous) is obtained with using the external cooling, i.e. decreasing the cooling air temperature by the cooling resource of the external environment: atmospheric air (secondary air), water and fuel. External cooling when using the convective-film cooling makes it possible to increase gas temperature in front of the turbine blades by 0.6 ... 1.5 K for each degree in the cooling air temperature decrease. A circulating heat exchanger is proposed, which lowers the cooling air temperature almost to the ambient temperature making it possible in combination with the known methods and techniques for increasing the gas temperature (heat-resistant materials, heat-shielding coatings, convective-film cooling) to increase gas temperature in front of the turbine blades by 300...400 K and bring it up to at least 2300 K. This would allow today to start creating stoichiometric and hyperforced gas turbine engines and to increase the bypass turbojet engines efficiency up to 45%. Air-liquid cooling is a variation of the turbine blades external cooling. The possibility (technical solutions were patented) of introducing the air-liquid cooling in gas turbine engines at the high flight speeds, including the turbojet engines, was studied.
Energy dissipation in the variable stiffness couplings with a serpentine spring at the torsional vibrations
Authors: Palochkin S.V. , Karnaukhov M.A. , Lyubchenko M.A. , Rudovskiy P.N.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents results of the theoretical research of the structural vibration damping in the variable stiffness couplings with a serpentine spring, which are rather widely used in the drives of the heavy engineering and machine tool products exposed to the vibration loads. When performing dynamic calculations of the drives of such machines, it is necessary to know the dissipative characteristics of their components and parts, including the indicated couplings. The paper considers the case of torsional harmonic vibrations characteristic for the coupling drive with a serpentine spring associated with twisting of the shafts connected by this coupling due to the attached parts imbalance. Quantitative characteristics of the torsional vibration energy dissipation in the couplings under consideration were studied and determined using the well-known method for estimating the vibration energy losses due to friction during slipping in the compressed parts’ contact. Mathematical model of the torsional vibration damping in a coupling was developed, which makes it possible to determine its quantitative characteristics in the form of vibration energy dissipation per cycle and the absorption coefficient depending on the coupling design parameters and the vibration process. The proposed model is implemented as an interactive application program in the MATLAB computer environment.
Influence of using the liquefied hydrocarbon gas in adjustment, operation and heat generation of the tractor diesel engine
Authors: Malyshkin P.Yu. , Kartashevich A.N. , Plotnikov S.A. , Zabolotskikh G.E.
Published: June 2023

The paper presents theoretical and experimental studies of the working process of the 4ChN 11.0/12.5 (D-245.5S2) diesel engine operating on diesel fuel with addition of the liquefied hydrocarbon gas by a separate system into the intake manifold. Regression dependences were obtained of the relative specific effective fuel consumption and the main ecological indicators of the diesel exhaust gases on the fuel injection advance angle. Dependences are provided of torque, specific effective fuel consumption, maximum cylinder pressure, working process rigidity, content of solid particles and nitrogen oxides, as well as of total emission, on the amount of the supplied liquefied hydrocarbon gas into the diesel engine. The indicator diagram and the diesel engine heat release characteristic were analyzed with operation on the diesel fuel and with addition of the liquefied hydrocarbon gas. The experimental setup is described. Theoretical and experimental results were compared. The amount of liquefied hydrocarbon gas supplied to the diesel engine not exceeding 30% of the diesel fuel consumption was substantiated. Convergence of experimental and theoretical data at the level of 6.3% was confirmed. It was established that the diesel engine operation with addition of up to 30% of the liquefied hydrocarbon gas made it possible to reduce total emission of the particulate matter and of the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases by 20.2%.
Selection of the optimal thrust-to-weight ratio of the first stages of small-lift launch vehicles
Authors: Mukhamedov L.P. , Kirievskii D.A.
Published: June 2023

Ultralight launch vehicles are among the most efficient means of inserting small satellites in the target orbits. Particular ballistic design problems being solved at the early stages in the ultralight launch vehicles development include rather actual selection of the most advantageous combination of the so-called design-ballistic parameters. They are usually understood as a set of the minimum possible number of parameters that, for a given payload mass, uniquely determine the rocket trajectory and its mass-energy characteristics. The paper considers issues related to selection of the thrust-to-weight ratio (launch load on thrust) of the first stages of disposable ultralight launch vehicles. This parameter is not included in the K. Tsiolkovsky formula; it determines the loss in the characteristic velocity for gravity, aerodynamics and backpressure. In this regard, its influence on the final rocket velocity is not that significant in comparison with such parameters as the specific void impulse or the relative final mass of the first stage. Selection of the optimal launch load on the rocket thrust is a responsible task, since it is determined by the thrust-to-weight ratio. Not only the mass, but also the cost of the designed product depends on its value. In addition to the specific void pulse, the relative final mass and the launch thrust load, the first stage design and ballistic parameters include the specific thrust pulse at the Earth surface (or the propulsion system altitude coefficient) and the load on the midsection.
Study Natural Compound of Eleutherine americana as a SaR-CoV-2 Therapeutic Agent : In Silico Approach
Authors: Ariefin Mokhamat , Saputra Rizki Rachmad
Published: June 2023

Sar-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread globally where it has killed thousands of individuals and infected almost 1,016,395 others. Numerous people have died as a result of what the World Health Organization (WHO) has deemed a top worldwide health issue, which has also had severe detrimental social and economic impacts. Some Eleutherin americana are said to possess antiviral effects. Children's colds and nasal congestion can be treated with eleutherin americana. Naphthalene, anthraquinone, and naphtoquinone are the three main chemical families that have been identified from E. americana. Eleutherol, hongconin, isoeleutherol, and eleutherin were the compounds that were identified from E. Americana. Drug-receptor interactions are simulated using computational techniques toward 14 compounds isolated from E. americana. The docking method has been validated by redocking the N3 molecule as a native ligand to the Mpro of Sar-CoV-2 (PDB ID: 7BQY) as a receptor protein. The smaller the RMSD value 0.651 Å, the better the pose obtained through the docking process. Compound 12 has a more negative binding energy are showed -8.6 kcal mol-1, regarding to hydrogen bond interaction toward Thr26, His41, Leu141, Asn142, Gly143, Ser144, His163. The stability of the association between the ligand and receptor increases with decreasing binding energy value (∆G). On the other hand, Compounds 11 and 2 are depicted -8.2 kcal mol-1 and -8.1 kcal mol-1 respectively which close to N3 -8.3 kcal mol-1. Undergoing hydrogen bond interaction between 11 with Gly143,Thr26, Leu141, Glu166, Ser144, Cys145, His163, and less hydrogen bond interaction 2 toward Arg188 and Asn 142. Those result resembling hydroxy group have the best interaction with 7BQY. According to fulfilled data from three candidates 2, 11, 12, it can be expected that compound with many hydroxy groups are within realm of possibility as antiviral agent for Sar-CoV-2 through inhibit replication of this virus.
Evaluation of Emergency Service Admissions for Planning the Number of Intensive Care Beds in Hospitals
Authors: KABINKARA Emrullah , KÖYLÜ Ramazan , VURAL Nafis , DUYAN Murat
Published: June 2023

A significant portion of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions occur through the emergency department (ED). Since there are insufficient ICU beds, critically ill patients may have to be monitored and treated in ED for an extended period. In this study, we aimed to show the importance of the emergency department intensive care unit (EDICU) and that ED applications should be taken into account in determining the number of intensive care unit (ICU) beds in hospitals by analyzing the patients hospitalized in intensive care units from the ED. In this retrospective descriptive study, patients over 18 who applied to the ED of a tertiary hospital between July 1, 2018, and July 1, 2019, and were deemed suitable for ICU admission were included. In descriptive statistics, percentages were used in categorical data, and mean, and standard deviation were used in numerical data. Chi-square test was applied for categorical variables. Since the distribution within the groups was normal in the analysis of continuous variables, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used when more than two groups were compared. The student's t-test was used when two groups were compared. Of the 2783 patients who applied to the ED and were suitable for admission to the ICU, 1341 (48.2%) were admitted to the second-level ICU, and 1442 (51.8%) were admitted to the third-level ICU. 1140 (40.96%) patients were hospitalized in the EDICU and toxicology ICU within the ED. These units played an important role in facilitating the ED operation and reducing crowding. Patients admitted to the ICU were divided into three groups based on their length of stay. Of the patients, 2312 (%83.1) were hospitalized in the first 6 hours, 337 (%12.1) in 6-12 hours, and 205 (7.36%) in more than 12 hours. It was observed that the mortality rate increased significantly when hospitalization in the ICU was delayed (P=0.014). ED admissions should be considered when determining the number of ICU beds and step levels of hospitals. In addition, the presence of EDICU in tertiary care hospitals relieves the density of the emergency department and indirectly reduces the mortality rate.
Comparison of Early Postoperative Pain between Lightweight Mesh and Heavyweight Mesh in Lichtenstein Hernia Repair for Geriatric Patients at Rumah Sakit Siloam Karawaci from January 2018 - December 2019
Authors: Sidharta Nicholas Axel , Irawan Andry , Siregar Jeremia Immanuel , Lugito Nata Pratama Hardjo
Published: June 2023

Background: Inguinal hernias are one of the most often cases in surgery. Inguinal hernias are usually found in males rather than females. There are two types of meshes in inguinal hernia repairs: heavyweight and lightweight mesh. There were still a lot of differences in the outcome of each mesh that was used. Therefore, with various different post operative pain results from past research, the author expresses an interest to conduct a research on this topic towards geriatric patients.

Methods: In this cross-sectional comparative study, 45 patients using heavyweight mesh and 45 patients using lightweight mesh herniorrhaphy with Lichtenstein technique in inguinal hernias at RS Siloam Karawaci Lippo Village and RSU were reviewed retrospectively. Patient's data were taken from medical record using purposive-sampling method. Early Postoperative pain on day 1 until 7 were classified following the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Incidence of postoperative infection and seroma were assessed in both groups. Collected samples will be processed using Pearson's Chi-Squared test.

Result: This study shows that there is a significant difference between the use of lightweight mesh in reducing moderate early postoperative pain for men above the age of 60 years old (p = 0.025) rather than the use of heavyweight mesh. Incidence of other postoperative complications such as infection and seroma have no statistically difference between both groups.
Conclusions: The use of lightweight mesh has the advantage in reducing early postoperative pain from herniorrhaphy using Lichtenstein technique rather than heavyweight mesh in men above 60 years old.
The Calamity Among Medical Students: Sleep Deprivation and Dry Eye Disease
Authors: Salim Anastasia Johanna , Salim Jonathan , Josiah Irma Josiah x
Published: June 2023

Background: Medical students’ burden upon academic and professional duties often blinded them from attending to themselves. Piling works and nightshifts interfere ferociously with their self-care behavior, including adequate sleep. The matter not only disrupts concentration and consciousness but also tolls the eye by reducing tear secretion. Hence, the present study urgently assesses sleep quality and dry eye disease (DED) among medical students.

Methods: The cross-sectional study observed 172 eyes among medical students in Indonesia. We assessed sleep quality and dry eye disease through Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Schirmer test. Independent statistician analyzed the data with chi-square.

Result: From the eligible samples, there is a dominancy of females (55.8%) with poor sleep quality (55.2%). There is no significant difference in DED or sleep quality across gender though they lean toward females. Contrarily, poor sleepers significantly correspond to 2.96 times more risk of DED than an adequate sleeper.

Conclusions: Medical students’ well-being is crucial. Aside from the academic burden, institutions and individuals shall strongly emphasize better sleep habits and eye care.
A Comparative Efficacy of Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab Versus Sorafenib in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review
Authors: Marbun Kristin Talia , Jo Juandy
Published: June 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks sixth as the most common cancer and fourth as the most common cause of cancer-related death globally. The standard treatment for advanced HCC is by prescribing sorafenib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Despite its moderate efficacy and concerning side effects, there is no better alternative to sorafenib to treat HCC. However, a new combination of atezolizumab (an inhibitor of PD-L1) and bevacizumab (an inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor), has shown a potential to surpass the efficacy of sorafenib. This review was written to provide an insight into pharmacodynamics of sorafenib and atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, effectiveness of sorafenib and the one of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, utilization of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in the clinical practice, as well as to argue that this combination can replace sorafenib as the standard palliative treatment for HCC.
Understanding Tsetse Fly (Glossina morsitans) Behavior through its Genome
Authors: Marbun Kristin Talia , Nugroho Satya , Jo Juandy
Published: June 2023

Glossina morsitans (G. morsitans), commonly known as tsetse fly, have caused public health concerns throughout the years. G. morsitans is the vector for Trypanosoma brucei (T. brucei), the parasite responsible for causing the deadly African sleeping disease (African trypanosomiasis). Researchers have searched for ways to contain this disease, but to little avail. Fortunately, new advances in sequencing methods have given researchers a new opportunity to win the war against the disease. The whole-genome sequence of G. morsitans provides essential data regarding involved genes that transmits T. brucei to humans. Information about those unique genes facilitates researchers to create new methods to prevent G. morsitans from becoming the vector of T. brucei, enabling the containment of this disease. With this, we review the unique genes in the G. morsitans genome, such as those that contribute to blood-feeding ability, establish a relationship with symbionts, and G. morsitans unique sensory genes, with an expectation that it would enhance our knowledge of G. morsitans as the vector for parasites causing African trypanosomiasis.
Future Application of Oncolytic Viruses for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Lesmana Jevon Aaron , Jo Juandy
Published: June 2023

Cancer treatments have developed over the years. A particular improvement is the utilization of oncolytic viruses to treat cancers. Oncolytic viruses are one of the immunotherapeutic tools that potentially could provide good results and benefits to the patients. Oncolytic viruses could mediate antitumor effects. Indeed, the connection between viral infections and cancer treatment have been reported historically. It is known that oncolytic viruses prefer to infect cancer cells rather than normal cells, resulting in the presentation of tumor-associated antigens to the immune system, boosting immunological activity in the tumor microenvironment, as well as assisting in the expression of inflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines. Oncolytic viruses are a novel regimen in the cancer therapy, in which knowledge and technology of utilizing oncolytic viruses to treat cancer are still evolving. Importantly, clinical trials demonstrated that the viruses were well tolerated by cancer patients. Considering its potency and prospect, oncolytic viral treatments could be a useful additional tool for cancer therapy.
Transvaginal Ultrasound as an Indicator of Preterm Birth
Authors: Wibisono Jacobus Jeno , Onasis Serena , Nikendari Sri Mulyani Rana , Andhika Aryasena , Wibisono Maria Georgina
Published: June 2023

Preterm Birth is delivery that occurs when the mother's gestational age is 20-36 weeks starting from the first day of the last menstrual period with a fetal weight still below 2500 grams. In preterm birth there are regular uterine contractions that cause thinning or dilation of the cervix before 36 weeks of gestation is complete. Approximately 50% of sequelae that occur in children are due to preterm birth. It is known that cervical dilatation in pregnant women is associated with preterm birth, so there are several screening methods that are used to predict preterm birth, including cervical length examination. Transvaginal ultrasound examination is a safe method of examination to measure cervical length objectively. Cervical length less than or equal to 25 mm or cervical dilatation 70% to 100% are expected to have preterm birth.
The Relationship between High Fiber Diet and Severity of Premenstrual Syndrome Symptoms in Medical Students of Pelita Harapan University
Authors: Kelvin Ignatius , Rivami Dwi Savitri
Published: June 2023

Introduction: 47.8% of women worldwide experience symptoms of premenstrual syndrome and 20% of women experience symptoms that are severe enough to interfere with daily activities. This occurs during the last 14 days of the menstrual cycle or luteal phase, and it is caused by hormonal fluctuations.

Aim: This study is going to be conducted to determine the relationship between high fiber diet and the severity of premenstrual syndrome in adolescents.

Method: This study used a comparative analytic categorical study with two unpaired categories with a cross-sectional study design. The research sample is female students at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Pelita Harapan who met the inclusion criteria of at least 74 samples by judgmental sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire in the form of a Premenstrual Symptom Scale, Esitimated Food Record and Perceived Stress Scale with the the chi-square method, and data analysis using SPSS 24.0.
Results: There were 85 samples that matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. The majority of the sample came from the 2018 class (64.7%), 20 years old (61.2%), experiencing moderate stress (61.2%), and have normal body mass index (72.9%). Researcher found a p value of 0.309 (p> 0.05), which means that there is no significant relationship between a high-fiber diet and the severity of premenstrual syndrome symptoms.
Technological developments in vehicles with electric drive
Authors: Szumska Emilia , Jurecki Rafał
Published: June 2023

The fleet of electric vehicles is systematically growing. Many passenger car manufacturers are already reporting that after 2030, vehicles equipped with electric propulsion will account for half of the models produced. Vehicles equipped with an electric drive include: battery-powered electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles. Over the years, these vehicles have undergone constant change. The aim of this paper was to review trends in the development of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles.
Experience of surgical treatments for abdominal inferior vena cava injuries in a regional trauma center in Korea
Authors: Park Jin Woo , Kim Dong Hun
Published: June 2023

Purpose: Inferior vena cava (IVC) injuries are a rare type of traumatic abdominal injuries that are challenging to treat and have a very high mortality rate. This study described our experience with the surgical treatment of traumatic IVC injuries, and we investigated the demographics, clinical profiles, and surgical outcomes of cases at a regional trauma center.Methods: Among the 16 patients who were treated for a traumatic IVC injury between January 2014 and March 2022, 14 underwent surgery. The surgical outcomes included overall mortality and 24-hour mortality, and we investigated the factors associated with these surgical outcomes. The 14 patients were divided into two groups according to the location of the IVC injury (retrohepatic IVC or higher vs. subhepatic IVC), and differences between the two groups were analyzed. Results: A body mass index (BMI) >23.0 kg/m2 (P=0.046), an elevated serum lactate level (P=0.043), and a shorter operation time (P=0.016) were associated with overall mortality. A higher BMI (P=0.050), high serum lactate level (P=0.004), shorter operation time (P=0.005), and an injury at the retrohepatic IVC or higher level (P=0.031) were associated with 24-hour mortality. Younger age (P=0.028), higher BMI (P=0.005), an acidic pH (P=0.028), high lactatemia (P=0.012), a higher hemoglobin level (P=0.012), and shorter door-to-operating room time (P=0.028) were associated with injury at the retrohepatic IVC or higher level. Patients with subhepatic IVC injuries had a high rate of direct repair (75.0%) and a significantly lower 24-hour mortality rate (37.5%, P=0.031).Conclusions: Subhepatic IVC injuries are easy to access and are usually treated with a direct repair method. Injuries at the retrohepatic IVC or higher level are difficult to treat surgically and require a systematic and multidisciplinary treatment strategy.
Alih Kode dan Campur Kode dalam Komunikasi Komunitas Pecinta Film Cinefoxx
Authors: Maharani Sasa
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Language use in a community is something common to occur. How a community communicate by a certain group can produce a speech community (Duranti, 2009). In a multilanguage community today, there are many people who are able to speak two or more language in their daily lives. This multilanguage communication in the community then produced code-switching and code-mixing phenomenon in the community of speech. The method that will be used in this study is a qualitative method with observation and interviews with the research subjects. In this study, a linguistic anthropology study will be conducted concerning a cinephile community in Indonesia. The community is called “Cinefoxx”. The linguistic phenomenon that will be observed in this community is the code-switching and code-mixing from from Indonesian to English and vice versa. It was found that in this study, code-switching and code-mixing are often done by the Cinefoxx community member were apparent in the in-group communication and when the group member upload a social media contents. The objective of the code-switching and code-mixing are to be able to use more common or more known terminology and to reach a wider audience.

Keywords: Linguistic anthropology, code-switching, code-mixing, community

 

Abstrak

Penggunaan bahasa dalam suatu komunitas merupakan sesuatu yang lumrah terjadi. Cara suatu komunitas berkomunikasi yang dilakukan oleh kelompok tertentu dapat menghasilkan suatu komunitas tutur (Duranti, 2009). Dalam masyarakat multibahasa saat ini, sudah banyak orang yang mampu menggunakan dua bahasa atau lebih dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Komunikasi multibahasa yang ada di masyarakat ini kemudian menimbulkan fenomena alih kode dan campur kode di lingkungan masyarakat. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode qualitative dengan mengunakan metode observasi dan wawancara dengan para subjek penelitian. Pada kajian ini, penelitian linguistik kebudayaan dilakukan terhadap suatu komunitas pecinta film di Indonesia, Cinefoxx. Adapun fenomena linguistik yang diamati pada komunitas ini adalah fenomena alih kode dan campur kode dari bahasa Indonesia ke Bahasa Inggris dan sebaliknya. Ditemukan bahwa pada penelitian ini, alih kode dan campur kode kerap kali dilakukan oleh para anggota komunitas Cinefoxx tidak hanya pada komunikasi di dalam kelompoknya, tetapi juga ketika mengunggah konten-konten di sosial media. Tujuan dari penggunaan alih kode dan campur kode ini yaitu untuk menggunakan terminologi yang lebih umum atau mudah dipahami, serta untuk menjangkau masyarakat yang lebih luas.  

Kata Kunci: Linguistik kebudayaan, alih kode, campur kode, komunitas
The MUSA robot and its applicability in lymphatic surgery
Authors: Y. M. J Jonis , Jairo J. A. Profar , Tom J. M. van Mulken , Shanshan Qiu
Published: June 2023

The development of surgical treatment of lymphedema has been a challenging endeavor. Various surgical modalities have been proposed, but the results are often unsatisfactory. The lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) revolutionized by Koshima et al. with the introduction of super microsurgery has gained traction in the treatment of lymphedema and has shown favorable results. However, super microsurgery requires excellent hand-eye coordination, meticulous tissue handling, dexterity, and operative flow, which are subject to multiple factors. Robot-assisted microsurgery (RAMS) has the potential to increase safety for clinicians and patients and create new possibilities in the field of super microsurgery. Therefore, plastic surgeons of the Maastricht University Medical Center (Maastricht, the Netherlands) teamed up with engineers from the Eindhoven University of Technology (Eindhoven, the Netherlands) and developed the first dedicated robotic platform for (super)microsurgery, the MUSA. The development of MUSA, from inception to the first clinical study in patients with lymphedema, has yielded promising results. This review aims to elucidate the development of the MUSA and its role in lymphatic surgery.
A pilot study of dietary fibres on pathogen growth in an ex vivo colonic model reveals their potential ability to limit vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus expansion
Authors: Strain Ronan , Tran Tam T.T. , Mills Susan , Stanton Catherine , Ross R. Paul
Published: June 2023

Aim: Dietary fibre is important for shaping gut microbiota. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the impact of dietary fibres on pathogen performance in the presence of gut microbiota. Methods: In an ex vivo gut model, pooled faecal samples were spiked with a cocktail of representative gastrointestinal pathogens and fermented with yeast β-glucan for 24 hours, after which 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and short-chain and branched-chain fatty acid (SCFA and BCFA) analyses were performed. In addition, oat β-glucan, arabinoxylan, yeast β-glucan, and galactooligosaccharides were each tested against individual representative pathogens and pathogen growth was assessed via qPCR. Glucose served as a control carbon source. Results: Based on 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, yeast β-glucan was selected for higher proportions of Bacteroides (P = 0.0005, ~6 fold) and Clostridia (P = 0.005, ~3.6 fold) while species of Escherichia/Shigella (P = 0.021, ~2.8 fold) and Lactobacillus (P = 0.007, ~ 15.7-fold) were higher in glucose. Pathogen relative abundance did not differ between glucose and yeast β-glucan. In the absence of pathogens, higher production of BCFAs (P = 0.002) and SCFAs (P = 0.002) fatty acids was observed for fibre group(s). For individual pathogens, yeast β-glucan increased growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes (P < 0.05), arabinoxylan increased S. typhimurium (P < 0.05). Tested fibres decreased vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (P < 0.05), with yeast β-glucan causing a 1-log reduction (P < 0.01), while galactooligosaccharides decreased L. monocytogenes (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Tested fibres differentially influenced the growth of pathogens, but yeast β-glucan could represent a dietary strategy to help limit vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) expansion in the gut.
Olvidar al tramposo: El caso de Johann Muehlegg y el estudio del discurso identitario a través de la prensa española = Forgetting the cheater: The case of Johann Muehlegg and the study of identity discourse through the Spanish press
Authors: Simón Sanjurjo Juan Antonio
Published: June 2023

ResumenEn noviembre de 1999 el esquiador de fondo de origen alemán Johann Muehlegg, consiguió su nacionalización española. Los triunfos deportivos no tardaron en llegar logrando la Copa del Mundo en el 2000, dos medallas en el Mundial de 2001 y tres medallas de oro en los Juegos Olímpicos de Salt Lake City en el 2002. El día después de conseguir su última victoria, el Comité Olímpico internacional (COI) le comunicó que había dado positivo por una sustancia denominada darbepoetina alfa y fue inmediatamente expulsado de la competición retirándole todas las medallas. A partir de ese momento el nuevo ídolo del deporte español pasó de héroe a villano en pocos días. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal analizar el tratamiento informativo que la prensa generalista y deportiva española ofreció del esquiador de fondo de origen alemán Johann Muehlegg, desde su irrupción en el panorama deportivo de este país hasta su descalificación por dopaje y su posterior retirada. Se examina la cobertura desarrollada por los periódicos El País, El Mundo, La Vanguardia, Mundo Deportivo y Marca, en el periodo cronológico comprendido entre noviembre del 1999 y diciembre del 2006. La prensa convirtió a Muellegg en el modelo perfecto de integración en la sociedad española y asimilación de las identidades nacionales, para posteriormente, una vez conocido su dopaje, transformarse en el peor ejemplo para el deporte español y condenarlo al olvido.  AbstractIn November 1999, the German cross-country skier Johann Muehlegg obtained his Spanish nationality. He won the World Cup in 2000, two medals at the 2001 World Cup and three gold medals at the Olympic Games in Salt Lake City in 2002. The day after his last victory, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) informed him that he had tested positive for a substance called darbepoetin alpha and he was immediately expelled from the competition and all his medals were withdrawn. From that moment on, the new idol of Spanish sport went from hero to villain in a few days. The main objective of this research is to analyze the informative treatment that the Spanish general and sports pressoffered to Johann Muehlegg, from his irruption in the sports scene of this country until his disqualification for doping and his subsequent withdrawal. It examines the coverage developed by the newspapers El País, El Mundo, La Vanguardia, Mundo Deportivo and Marca in the chronological period between November 1999 and December 2006. The press turned Muehlegg into the perfect model of integration into the Spanish society and assimilation of national identities, to later, once his doping was known, become the worst example for Spanish sport and condemn him to oblivion. This research has an approach of historical analysis, specifically from the history of the present, and with the use of a methodology based on content analysis.
Resepsi Perempuan terhadap Komentar atas Perempuan di Youtube
Authors: Lestari Tri Indah , Dhona Holy Rafika
Published: June 2023

Gita Savitri Devi's Youtube channel often discusses women's issues, one of which is entitled "Equal? Women are still victims of sexism!" the comments on the video contain not only expression comments but also sexism, but some women do not realize the existence of sexism comments because of their common understanding of it. Through descriptive qualitative research with a netnographic approach and collecting several data through in-depth interviews with Gita Savitri Devi fans and using the concept of texture and reception, the researchers got several findings where the reception of women in comments on Youtube is a space of expression. The meaning of comments by women towards expression comments is in the dominant hegemonic reading and the negotiated reading, while sexism comments are in the negotiated and opposed reading. Women stated that the image of women in the comments was quite in line with the picture of real life or experiences that women had experienced.
Model Layanan PPID Bawaslu dalam Menjamin Hak Penyandang Disabilitas Mengakses Informasi Publik
Authors: Averoes Maulida Fitria Averoes , Rianto Puji
Published: June 2023

Access to public information is every citizen’s right. For this purpose, law No. 14/2008 stipulates that any public institution must offer public information services. However, there are no facilities that provide attention and access to disabilities. This study aims to explore the PPID Bawaslu RI service model in ensuring access to public information for persons with disabilities. This research uses the case study technique. The results showed that the PPID Bawaslu RI had enforced the fulfillment of disability information rights. This can be seen from various policies, including; (1) physical or electronic accessibility, consisting of website, email, WhatsApp, SMS, and telephone, although some are still in the optimization process, such as screen readers, glass magnifying features, and keyboard navigation; (2) non-physical accessibility, i.e., assistance to move through the stages of requesting information for the applicant. The effectiveness of the information service model for disabilities has also been applied to the oral and electronic aspects
Sejarah Public Relations di Indonesia: dari 'Penipu' Menjadi Penasihat Tepercaya
Authors: Sumardiyantoro Iven
Published: June 2023

In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the history of public relations, as well as a growing body of academic research into the study of public relations. Public relations initially became an agenda for the dissemination of deceptive information. Furthermore, developing into efforts to provide correct information. This study uses historical analysis to determine the development of public relations in Indonesia. Data was collected through literature and document reviews. This research found that the stages of developing public relations through a complicated and long process. Not only that, public relations develops with other multidisciplinary disciplines, including marketing. In Indonesia, the history of public relations practices has been going on for a long time, as long as Indonesia. However, formally, it started when Bakohumas was founded.
Pengemasan Iklan Makro Influencer Scarlett Whitening di TikTok untuk Membangun Brand Awareness
Authors: Mardiyah Ima maisyatul mardiyah , Giza Pudrianisa Sheila Lestari
Published: June 2023

Nowadays, product marketing is now turning to digital media with the development of technology. TikTok is an application that is currently being used by Indonesian Indonesian brands to market their products (Kantar, 2020). One local brand that uses TikTok as its product marketing is Scarlett Whitening. Working with influencers to package ads with six elements, according to (Rossiter and Percy in Bloom and Boone, 2006) to increase brand awareness on TikTok. Based on this background, researchers are interested in conducting research with a focus on how to package Scarlett Whitening macro influencer advertisements on TikTok to build brand awareness. Research with the qualitative descriptive method using constructivist paradigm. The results of this study are the elements of heard words (scented and brightening), Seen words (Glutathione and Niacinamide), picture (products that are always displayed), Movement (movements using products that are always displayed). However, it was found in this study that the elements of music and color are only supporting elements in introducing products from Scarlett Whitening which remain in the endorsement, but because they do not have a characteristic color or musical jingle so they are not effective in introducing the product. Of the four elements of effective advertising packaging, this advertising packaging is at the brand awareness level in the brand recall stage. Because advertising packaging made by macro influencers is Scarlett Whitening's strategy in reminding consumers of their products.
Analisis Resepsi Suku Non Bugis Terhadap Tradisi ‘uang panai’ dalam Film ‘uang panai’ Maha(r)l
Authors: Hapsari Britania Widya Sista Hapsari , Tanjung Sumekar
Published: June 2023

The Bugis tribe in South Sulawesi has a tradition that is still being carried out today, namely 'uang panai.' Uang Panai is given to the bride and groom. The purpose of this research is to examine the reception of Maha(r)l's film 'Uang Panai.' This study used qualitative research methods. Data was collected through in-depth interviews. The informants who were the subjects of the study were five people with the criteria of having watched the Maha(r)l film 'uang panai', a non-Bugis ethnic group living in Makassar. The results of the research show that by using Stuart Hall's reception analysis, the five informants' reception of Maha(r)l's ' Uang Panai' film is in a position of negotiation and opposition. None of the informants are in the hegemonic dominant model.
Analysis of 222Rn and 220Rn Natural Radioactivity for Local Hazard Estimation: the Cerveteri (Central Italy) Case Study
Authors: Voltattorni Nunzia , Gasparini Andrea , Galli Gianfranco
Published: June 2023

Radon (222Rn) is the second most common type of lung cancer after smoking. As radon poses a significant risk to human health, radon-affected areas should be to ensure people’s awareness of risk and remediation. The primary goal of this research was to investigate the local natural radioactivity (in soils, water and indoors) because of the presence of tuﬀ outcrops (from middle lower Pleistocene volcanic activity) that naturally produce radioactive gas radon at Cerveteri (Rome, Central Italy). The study area is characterized by the presence of several funerary sites pertaining to the Etruscan Necropolis of Cerveteri, which extends over a volcanic rock plateau. The results of the radon survey highlighted moderate (>16000 Bq/m3) but localized anomalies in soils and medium low (< 200 Bq/m3) values of indoor radon excepting some cases exceeding the threshold (> 300 Bq/m3) recommended by 2013/59 Euratom Directive. Although for thoron (220Rn) effects on human health, there exist no clinical data, the study of 220Rn average activity concentration in the soil gas survey has revealed new insights for the interpretation of radon sources that can affect dwellings, even taking into account the considerable difference in the half-lives of the 222Rn and 220Rn.
A Computational (DFT) Study On The Anti-Malarial Drug: Lumefantrine
Authors: Kunduracioglu Ahmet
Published: June 2023

This study aims to investigate the spectroscopic and structural properties of the compound Lumefantrine which is important in pharmacology because of its anti-malarial effect. The structural and spectroscopic properties of this molecule such as bond lengths, bond angles, FT-IR and NMR spectra were handled computationally using a computational chemistry suite: Spar-tan’14. Both HF and DFT methods were used with different basis sets for the calculations. The re-sults calculated by the software were compared to experimental results from the literature. Both Computational and experimental results were exhibited as tables. Also some calculated results such as HOMO-LUMO boundary orbitals and electrostatic potential map, were given as graphics and pictures.
P-wave Axis of Schoolchildren Who Were Once Breastfed
Authors: Costa Juan-Antonio , Rodriguez-Trabal Carla , Pareja Ignacio , Tur Alicia , Mambie Marianna , Fernandez-Hidalgo Mercedes , Verd Sergio
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND: It has been known for decades that breastfeeding leads to a lower risk of asthma, respiratory infections, or metabolic syndrome at school age. In addition, evidence is now accumulating on the influence of breast milk on the shape, volume, or function of the heart and lungs. Within this field of research into the effects of breast milk on the structure of the heart and lungs, we have set out to analyze the differential electrocardiographic characteristics of schoolchildren who were once breastfed. METHOD: Observational cross-sectional study including 138 children aged 6 or 12 consecutively presenting to a well-child clinic between May and December 2022. Inclusion criteria: the ability to perform reproducible ECG records, the feasibility of weighing and measuring patient, and breastfeeding data collected from birth. RESULTS:

Using the 40º cut-off value for the mean P-wave axis among schoolchildren, 76% of never breastfed children in our sample have a P-wave axis in a more vertical position than the mean as compared to 58% of ever-breastfed children (OR:2.25;95%CI:3.13-1.36); there was no other significant difference between infant feeding groups in somatometric characteristics or ECG parameters, CONCLUSION: We found a significant difference of the mean values of the P-wave axis between never and ever breastfed children. Although this report should be approached cautiously, these findings add to the renewed interest in discerning developmental interventions to improve cardiovascular health.
N-Glycomic Profiling of Microsatellite Unstable Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ukkola Iiris , Nummela Pirjo , Heiskanen Annamari , Holm Matilda , Zafar Sadia , Kero Mia , Haglund Caj , Satomaa Tero , Kytölä Soili , Ristimäki Ari
Published: June 2023

Aberrant glycosylation affects cancer progression and immune evasion. Approximately 15% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) demonstrate microsatellite instability (MSI) and display major differences in outcomes and therapeutic responses as compared to corresponding microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors. We compared the N-glycan profiles of stage II and IV MSI CRC tumors, further subdivided into BRAFV600E wild-type and mutated subgroups (n=10 in each subgroup), with each other and with those of paired non-neoplastic mucosal samples using mass spectrometry. Further, the N-glycans of BRAFV600E wild-type stage II MSI tumors were compared to corresponding MSS tumors (n=9). Multiple differences in N-glycan profiles were identified between MSI CRCs and control tissues, as well as between stage II MSI and MSS samples. MSI CRC tumors showed a lower relative abundance of high-mannose N-glycans than the control tissues or the MSS CRCs. Among MSI CRC subgroups, acidic N-glycans showed tumor stage and BRAF mutation status dependent variation. Especially large, sulfated/phosphorylated, and putative terminal N-acetylhexosamine containing acidic N-glycans differed between the MSI CRC subgroups, showing opposite changes in stage II and IV, when comparing BRAF mutated and wild-type tumors. Our results show that molecular subgroups of CRC have characteristic glycan profiles that may explain certain carcinogenic properties of MSI tumors.
Structural Stability of γ-Boron under High Pressure up to 126 GPa with Fine Pressure Increment
Authors: Zhong Cheng , Mai Di , Li Xiangdong , Wang Junke , Dai Rucheng , Wang Zhongping , Sun Xiaoyu , Zhang Zengming
Published: June 2023

The structural stability of γ-boron is investigated using Raman spectra under high pressures up to 126 GPa at ambient temperature. The pressure dependence of all the Raman-active modes of the γ-boron is reported. We also observe amusing changes within the B3g and B1g Raman-active vibrational modes, which results in the phenomenon of merging first and then separating of the Raman peaks. In addition to the Raman measurements, the changes in crystal structure and force constants are calculated to reasonably explain the discrepancy between the two Raman modes in response to pressure. The results of the continuous shifts for all Raman modes with increasing pressure indicate that γ-boron remains stable below this pressure value, with no changes in either symmetry or structure.