bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coastal ocean forecasting with an unstructured-grid model in the Southern Adriatic Northern Ionian Sea
Authors: Federico Ivan , Pinardi Nadia , Coppini Giovanni , Oddo Paolo , Lecci Rita , Mossa Michele
Published: May 2016

Abstract. SANIFS (Southern Adriatic Northern Ionian coastal Forecasting System) is a coastal-ocean operational system based on the unstructured-grid finite-element three-dimensional hydrodynamic SHYFEM model and providing short-term forecasts. The operational chain is based on a downscaling approach starting from the large-scale system for the entire Mediterranean basin (MFS, Mediterranean Forecasting system), which provides initial and boundary condition fields to the nested system. The model is configured to provide hydrodynamics and active tracer forecasts both in open ocean and coastal waters of South-eastern Italy using a variable horizontal resolution from 3–4 km in the open sea to 500–50 m in the coastal areas. Given that the coastal fields are driven by a combination of both local/coastal and deep ocean forcings propagating along the shelf, the performance of SANIFS was verified both in forecast and simulation mode, first (i) at the large and shelf-coastal scales by comparing with a large scale survey CTD in the Gulf of Taranto and then (ii) at the coastal-harbour scale (Mar Grande of Taranto) by comparison with CTD, ADCP and tide gauge data. Sensitivity tests were performed on initialization conditions (mainly focused on spin-up procedures) and on surface boundary conditions by assessing the reliability of two alternative datasets at different horizontal resolution (12.5 and 6.5 km). The SANIFS forecasts at a lead-time of one day were compared with the MFS forecasts highlighting that SANIFS is able to retain the large scale dynamics of MFS. Those get correctly propagated to the shelf-coastal scale improving the forecast accuracy (+17 % for temperature and +6 % for salinity compared to MFS). Moreover the added value of SANIFS was assessed at coastal-harbour scale, which is not covered by the coarse resolution of MFS, where the SANIFS forecasted fields well reproduced the observations (temperature RMSE equal to 0.11 °C). Furthermore SANIFS simulations were compared with hourly time-series of temperature, sea level and velocity measured at the coastal-harbour scale showing a good agreement. Simulations in the Gulf of Taranto described a circulation mainly characterized by an anticyclonic gyre with the presence of cyclonic vortexes in shelf-coastal areas. A surface water inflow from open sea to Mar Grande characterizes the coastal-harbour scale.
Reciprocidades y gubernamentalidad tras la inserción del dispositivo religioso en cárceles de mediana y máxima seguridad de la provincia de Santa Fe (Argentina)
Authors: Manchado Mauricio
Published: May 2016

En el presente trabajo indagaremos sobre la reconfiguración de las dinámicas institucionales en dos cárceles de la provincia de Santa Fe, Argentina, tras la inserción del dispositivo religiosoevangélico- pentecostal. Los casos serán las penitenciarías n° 3 —mediana seguridad— y n° 11 — máxima seguridad—, y nos interrogaremos sobre las relaciones de reciprocidad que el dispositivo religioso configura en el encierro, en cómo dichas relaciones definen nuevas estrategias de gobierno por parte del servicio penitenciario y de qué manera se rediseñan las relaciones de poder en el dispositivo carcelario. Abordaje comparativo que responde a la hipótesis de que el dispositivo religioso-evangélicopentecostal construye matrices comunes de ordenamiento social, funcionamiento y reciprocidades en el encierro pero, al mismo tiempo, consolida su funcionamiento a raíz de una identificación precisa de las necesidades y oportunidades de los sujetos según atraviesen situaciones de ingreso o egreso carcelario.
Antropología de la Conservación en España. Balance y perspectivas
Authors: Beltran Costa Oriol , Santamarina Campos Beatriz
Published: May 2016

En este artículo presentamos un balance de la Antropología de la Conservación en el Estado español. Durante las últimas décadas, la protección de los espacios naturales ha aumentado de una manera exponencial en todo el mundo. A la vez que se extendía esta patrimonialización de la naturaleza, los trabajos etnográficos sobre las áreas protegidas han ido ganando terreno dentro de la disciplina y, en particular, en el campo de la Antropología Ambiental. La mencionada bibliografía ha puesto de relieve los múltiples aspectos derivados de las nuevas políticas territoriales de regulación, apropiación y mercantilización de la ‘naturaleza’. En este trabajo realizamos una revisión exhaustiva de la producción generada a raíz de este interés por las áreas protegidas en nuestro país subrayando sus principales aportaciones, características y debilidades. De este modo pretendemos reflexionar acerca de su continuidad, con el fin de evitar la mera reiteración y favorecer el avance en sus resultados.
Methodological issues in observational studies of obesity and mortality
Authors: Flanders W. Dana , Augestad Liv Berit
Published: May 2016

Obesity has important health hazards, and the epidemic seems to be growing in developed countries. There is scientific evidence for higher risk of earlier death among the obese. However, most evidence of the effects of obesity on mortality comes from observational studies. The aim of this manuscript is to reviewsome of the most important issues in designing, analyzing and interpreting analytic studies of the effects of obesity on mortality. Key issues are clarity in the definition of the effect under study, confounding, measurement error and a phenomenon sometimes termed reverse causality in which obesity causes some diseases, but some of the diseases also affect adiposity and mortality
Level of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural adult population in Sogn og Fjordane
Authors: Solbraa Ane Kristiansen , Mamen Asgeir , Resaland Geir Kåre , Steene- Johannessen Jostein , Ylvisåker Einar , Holme Ingar Morten , Anderssen Sigmund Alfred
Published: May 2016

Background: Physical activity (PA) and high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sogn og Fjordane County has the reputation of being the most healthy county in Norway. The level of PA and/or CRF may partly explain this health status. However, only one study with regional objectively measured PA data and one study with regional data on CRF currently exist. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe levels of PA, CRF and CVD risk factors in an adult population in the county of Sogn og Fjordane. Methods: In total, 314 (♀:178 ♂:136) 40-42-year-olds and 308 (♀:175 ♂:133) 53-55-yearolds participated in this cross-sectional study. PA was measured objectively by accelerometry, while CRF was measured directly. Results: There were no sex differences in total PA level. For the 40-42-year-olds, women spent 6.0min/day [95% CI: –11.7 to –0.3] less participating in moderate PA compared to men. For the 53-55- year-olds, women were inactive for 36.0 min/day [95% CI: –55.2 to –16.8] less and they participated in light activity for 26.4 min/day [95% CI: 7.7 to 45.2] more than men. In total, 30.0% [95% CI: 24.8 to 35.2] of the 40-42-year-olds and 30.2% [95% CI: 25.0 to 35.4] of the 53-55-year-olds met the Norwegian recommendationsfor PA. CRF was 49.0 ml·kg–1·min–1 for men and 41.6 ml·kg–1·min–1 for women for the 40-42-year-olds. For 53-55-year-olds CRF was 41.2 ml·kg–1·min–1 for men and 33.9 ml·kg–1·min–1 for women. Conclusions: These results suggest that the level of PA and CRF are higher compared to other available data. This might explain the advantageous health status in Sogn og Fjordane.
The 19th Norwegian Conferance on Epidemiology
Authors: - -
Published: May 2016

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Estimating levels and trends in alcohol use – investigating the validity of estimates based on Norwegian population surveys
Authors: Østhus Ståle , Amundsen Ellen J.
Published: May 2016

Estimates of alcohol use from a series of cross-sectional face-to-face surveys, conducted by Synovate Norway on behalf of the Norwegian institute for alcohol and drug research during the 1990s and 2000s (the Substance Use Surveys, SUS), are compared with registered sales statistics of alcohol and estimates of alcohol use from Statistics Norway’s Health Surveys (HS). The results show that SUS estimates of levels and trends in alcohol use are in conflict with these alternative data sources, also when standard adjustment strategies (using poststratification weights, controlling for background characteristics in regressions) are used. We conclude that there is likely selection on alcohol use and other factors into the SUS samples, to a higher degree than in the HS samples, which renders standard estimates of alcohol use from SUS data unreliable. In fields such as substance use research, it is notoriously difficult to measure the phenomena we are interested in, and it is especially important to assess the validity of the survey estimates with data from alternative sources
Surveillance of abused drugs in forensic autopsy cases in Norway
Authors: Konstantinova-Larsen Svetlana V. , Normann Per T. , Arnestad Marianne , Karinen Ritva , Christophersen Asbjørg S. , Mørland Jørg
Published: May 2016

High drug related mortality has been registered in Norway. Although comparison between countries relies on a standard international coding system of diseases, different practices in verifying cause of death and applying codes could lead to variation. The comparison gives no information on drug findings or drug patterns underlying the cause of deaths. To evaluate deaths involving illicit drugs in Norway, we examined drug patterns in 2735 forensically examined post-mortem samples collected from 15-64 year-old individuals from 2000 to 2009. There were four times as many men as women among the deceased illicit drug users, and the majority were in the age group 25-44 years. The number of deceased showing signs of illicit drug use has gradually declined during the study period. The decline was found among younger individuals, while a larger proportion of the deceased were above 45 years of age in 2009, compared to 2000. Cases positive for heroin, ethanol, ecstasy and flunitrazepam were fewer in 2009, while the prevalence of amphetamine, cannabis, methadone and other opioids has increased. The prevalence of methamphetamine has increased ten fold, and the prevalence of benzodiazepines doubled. Thus, the drug pattern and age of the deceased has changed markedly during the last 10 years. Heroin and ethanol use has partly been substituted by use of amphetamines, cannabis, benzodiazepines and other opioids. This change could possibly be explained by the prolonged survival of drug users on substitution treatment and by the reduced toxicity of consumed drugs.
Nalokson nesespray kan redusere risikoen for dødelige heroinoverdoser
Authors: Lobmaier Philipp Paul Koren , Dalsbø Therese Kristine , Clausen Thomas
Published: May 2016

Bakgrunn: Antall overdosedødsfall blant heroinmisbrukere i Norge er høyt. Behandling med motgiften nalokson er kun tilgjengelig gjennom helsepersonell. Nalokson kan også gis som nesespray av ikke helsepersonell. Økt tilgjengelighet av nalokson kan redusere både antall fatale overdoser og fare for stikkskader og blodsmitte med hepatitt C og hiv blant helsepersonell. I denne artikkelen presenterer vi kunnskap om bruk av nalokson nesespray i behandling av opioidoverdoser.Material og metode: Vi har gjennomført søk etter relevant forskning om effekt av nalokson nesespray i databasene Medline, Embase og Cochrane library. Artikler er valgt ut basert på skjønn og forhåndsbestemte kriterier om behandling og pasientpopulasjon. Det var ingen restriksjoner på hvilken studiedesign som var benyttet eller metodologisk kvalitet. Konklusjonen er basert på innhentet material.Resultater: Ni relevante studier ble identifisert og inkludert, hvorav fire hadde kontrollgrupper men kun to var randomiserte sammenligninger. Ingen av studiene var utført i Norge. Nalokson nesespray gitt grunnet mistanke om opioidoverdose synes å føre til rask klinisk respons. Ved sammenligning med dagens praksis med injisert nalokson peker funn mot nesten like rask normalisering av åndedrett ved nesespray. Bruk av nalokson nesespray kan gi redusert behov for nalokson injeksjoner og derfor redusert fare for stikkskade blant helsepersonell. Hvis også legfolk utenom helsepersonell læres opp til å gi nalokson nesespray vil tilgjengeligheten av motgift og kunnskap rundt forebygging av overdoser kunne økes.Fortolkning: Det er foreløpig for få studier av høy kvalitet til å kunne konkludere endelig med effekt av nesespray. Men de studiene som foreligger tyder på at nalokson i form av nesespray kan være effektiv i behandlingen av overdoser. Nalokson nesespray anbefales derfor utprøved ytterligere i randomiserte studier i Norge sammenlignet med dagens praksis. Videre bør opplæringen i bruk for pårørende, brukere og ansatte i eksisterende lavterskeltiltak evalueres da dette vil kunne øke nalokson tilgjengeligheten og bidra til å redusere antallet overdosedødsfall
The 20th Norwegian Conference on Epidemiology
Authors: - -
Published: May 2016

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Life-course, ageing and generations in Norway:the NorLAG study
Authors: Slagsvold Britt , Veenstra Marijke , Daatland Svein Olav , Hagestad Gunhild , Hansen Thomas , Herlofson Katharina , Koløen Kristine , Solem Per Erik
Published: May 2016

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The age and subjective well-being paradox revisited:A multidimensional perspective
Authors: Hansen Thomas , Slagsvold Britt
Published: May 2016

This study re-examines the much-discussed paradox that although aging is associated with declines in many life domains, overall subjective well-being does not appear to decline sharply with age. We use data from two waves of the Norwegian NorLAG study (age 40-85, n=3,750) and examine age differences in change in well-being outcomes (life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, and depression) and factors that may account for age variations in such change. Outcomes show stability well into older age, but negative changes in advanced age, cross-sectionally or longitudinally. Life satisfaction and negative affect are adversely related to older age longitudinally, whereas positive affect and depression are adversely related to older age in the cross-section. Results are similar for men and women. Loss of health and partner are the main causes of declining well-being in older age. Findings suggest qualifications to the “well-being paradox”, e.g.: only some dimensions of SWB remain stable, while others decline; across dimensions SWB change is more negative in old-old than in young-old age.
The Norwegian Diabetes Register for Adults – an overview of the first years
Authors: Cooper John G. , Thue Geir , Claudi Tor , Løvaas Karianne , Carlsen Siri , Sandberg Sverre
Published: May 2016

The Norwegian Diabetes Register for Adults (NDR-A) was granted status as a consent-based National Quality Register by the Ministry of Health and Care Services and approved by the Data Inspectorate in 2005. The main aim of the register is to improve the quality of the treatment of people with diabetes in hospitals and primary care. NDR-A is the first national quality register in Norway to capture all data electronically, and it is also the first register to collect data from both primary health care and hospital/specialist services. We therefore think that experiences gained from developing and promoting the register will be of general interest. In this paper we describe the reasons for establishing the register, the register population and dataset, the electronic tools used for data capture, how recruitment is progressing, how we think the register can improve the care of patients with diabetes, and possibilities for future epidemiological research.
En ny generasjon troverdige kliniske retningslinjer
Authors: Vandvik Per Olav , Berg Rigmor , Vist Gunn
Published: May 2016

Trygg og effektiv diagnostikk, pleie og behandling fordrer at helsepersonell har tilgang til oppdatert og gyldig forskningsbasert kunnskap, fortrinnsvis i form av faglige kliniske retningslinjer utviklet med tilfredsstillende metodikk. De fleste retningslinjer har imidlertid betydelige svakheter med hensyn til både kunnskapsgrunnlag, utvikling av anbefalinger, presentasjonsformater og oppdatering. Nye definisjoner, standarder og metoder for kunnskapsbaserte troverdige retningslinjer gir langt bedre muligheter enn tidligere for å lykkes i arbeidet med å utvikle og implementere retningslinjer, men stiller samtidig større krav til metodekompetanse, klinisk ekspertise og tid. I vår digitale tidsalder åpner ny nettbasert teknologi for bedre disseminering av retningslinjer til frontlinjene i klinikken, og til å dele kunnskap med pasienter i konsultasjonen, for eksempel gjennom smarttelefoner og lesebrett. Gjennom et praktisk eksempel redegjør vi i denne artikkelen for nye definisjoner, standarder, metoder og verktøy for utvikling, disseminering og oppdatering av faglige retningslinjer. GRADE-systemet er en sentral komponent i dette. Det er nå mulig å lage troverdige retningslinjer som klinikere og pasienter kan ta i bruk i en travel hverdag. Det gjenstår å se hvordan myndighetene og fagmiljøene vil bidra for å sikre pasienter trygg og effektiv behandling gjennom utvikling av denne nye generasjonen av kliniske retningslinjer.Vandvik PO, Berg R, Vist G. A new generation of trustworthy clinical practice guidelines. Nor J Epidemiol 2013; 23 (2): 197-204.ENGLISH SUMMARYSafe and effective diagnosis and treatment requires that health care personnel can access the best current research evidence, preferably through clinical practice guidelines. Most guidelines suffer from methodological weaknesses (e.g., identification and assessment of research evidence, development of recommendations), suboptimal presentation formats and infrequent updating of content. New definitions, standards and systems for trustworthy guidelines provide better opportunities to succeed in development and dissemination of guidelines but also increase the demand for methodological competence, clinical expertise and time. In our digital era dissemination of guidelines to clinicians and patients at the point of care is greatly facilitated by web-based technology and devices such as smart-phones and tablet computers. In this article we describe new definitions, standards, methods and tools for the creation, dissemination and updating of clinical practice guidelines, in which the GRADE system is a key component. We use a practical example to demonstrate how to make trustworthy guidelines to be used by clinicians and patients at the point of care. It remains to be seen how the authorities and professional organizations will contribute to safe and effective treatment of patients through the development of this new generation of clinical practice guidelines.
Tolker leserne forskningsresultater i tråd med forfatternes intensjoner?
Authors: Ringerike Tove , Glenton Claire , Vist Gunn Elisabeth , Jamtvedt Gro , Nylenna Magne
Published: May 2016

Bakgrunn: Forskningsresultater kan formidles på ulike måter, både gjennom tall, tekst og kombinasjoner av disse. Utover et effektestimat er det i klinisk forskning også ønskelig å si noe om hvor sikker man er på resultatet, for eksempel ved å oppgi konfidensintervall og gjøre en vurdering av kvaliteten på dokumentasjonen. Vår hensikt med denne undersøkelsen var å få en indikasjon på hvordan våre måter å formidle resultater på, blir oppfattet blant våre lesere.Materiale og metoder: Vi hentet 17 resultatformuleringer fra Kunnskapssenterets rapporter og utførte en nettbasert spørreundersøkelse. Leserne skulle svare på hva de trodde forfatterne forsøkte å formidle. Åpen invitasjon til å delta i undersøkelsen ble sendt som del av Kunnskapssenterets nyhetsbrev til over 3 000 epostmottakere.Resultater: Vi mottok 173 utfylte spørreskjemaer. For samtlige formuleringer var det flertall (mer enn 50 %) for den tolkningen som etter vår vurdering var mest i tråd med forfatternes intensjoner, men andelen varierte fra 54,1 % til 93,4 %.Konklusjon: Respondentenes tolkninger av Kunnskapssenterets resultatformuleringer samsvarte i hovedsak med intensjonene. Variasjonen i tolkning viste imidlertid at vi må fortsette arbeidet med å finne lettfattelige, men likevel tilstrekkelig presise formuleringer.Ringerike T, Glenton C, Vist GE, Jamtvedt G, Nylenna M. Do readers interpret research results in line with the authors' intentions? Nor J Epidemiol 2013; 23 (2): 231-236.ENGLISH SUMMARYBackground: Research results can be communicated in various ways, for instance through numbers, words, and combinations of these. Within clinical research, in addition to presenting the estimate of effect, it is also desirable to say something about our confidence in this result, for example by presenting a confidence interval and making an assessment of the quality of the evidence. The purpose of this study was to assess how the ways in which we communicate results are perceived by our readers.Material and methods: We selected 17 results-statements taken from reports published by the Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, and conducted an online survey. Participants were asked to respond to what they thought the writers were trying to convey. An open invitation to participate in the survey was sent with the biweekly newsletter for the Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, which is delivered to over 3,000 e-mail recipients.Results: We received 173 completed questionnaires. For all statements, the majority (over 50 %) chose the interpretation that in our assessment was most in line with the authors’ intentions, but the proportion varied from 54.1 % to 93.4 %.Conclusion: Respondents’ interpretations of the Knowledge Centre’s statements of results corresponded largely with the authors’ intentions. The variation in interpretations shows that we must continue to work to find formulations that are easy to understand, yet sufficiently precise.
Supplement 1
Authors: - -
Published: May 2016

The 22th Norwegian Conference on Epidemiology
Early life determinants of physical activity and sedentary time: Current knowledge and future research
Authors: Øglund Guro Pauck , Stensrud Trine , Ekelund Ulf
Published: May 2016

Previous findings of the association between low birth weight and subsequent health outcomes have led to the “developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis”. Furthermore, modifiable and partly modifiable early life factors may also influence behaviors such as physical activity and sedentary behavior. The aim of the present review was to summarize the existing knowledge on early life determinants (birth weight, rapid infant weight gain, motor development and infant temperament) of childhood physical activity and sedentary time, and suggest opportunities for future research based on the Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Inconsistent results have been observed when relating birth weight to later physical activity, likely explained by differences in methodology when assessing physical activity between studies. There is limited data on whether rapid weight gain in early life predicts later physical activity and few studies have examined the association between birth weight and infant weight gain with subsequent sedentary time. Motor development may be a predictor for childhood physical activity, however methodological limitations preclude firm conclusions. The association between motor development and sedentary time has rarely been examined. Conflicting results have been reported for the association between infant temperament and subsequent physical activity and sedentary time in toddlers. Finally, it is unknown whether physical activity modifies the association between birth weight, postnatal weight gain, and later health outcomes in youth. Additional research in well-characterized birth cohorts can be used to generate new knowledge on possible early life determinants of children’s and youth’s physical activity and sedentary time which may inform evidence-based public health interventions.
The Relationship Satisfaction scale – Psychometric properties
Authors: Røysamb Espen , Vittersø Joar , Tambs Kristian
Published: May 2016

The aim of this study was to establish the psychometric properties of the new Relationship Satisfaction (RS) scale. Two population based samples were used: The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa, N=117,178) and The Quality of Life study (N=347). Convergent and discriminant validity was investigated in relation to the Quality of Marriage Index (QMI), the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Relationship Satisfaction of partner, Big Five personality traits (IPIP50) and future relationship dissolution. The full scale with ten items (RS10) and a short version with five items (RS5) showed good psychometric properties. The scale has high internal and test-retest reliability and high structural, convergent, and discriminant validity. Measurement invariance across gender was established. Additionally, predictive validity was evidenced by prediction of future relationship dissolution. We conclude that the RS scale is highly useful as a generic measure of global relationship satisfaction.
Selection of questions to short-form versions of original psychometric instruments in MoBa
Authors: Tambs Kristian , Røysamb Espen
Published: May 2016

Original psychometric instruments are usually too lengthy and space-consuming to be suitable for general population based health studies. Usually, however, they can be abbreviated without losing more measurement precision than what can be accepted in such studies. Here we demonstrate that short-form versions of three instruments which are part of the MoBa study, and which include from one third to half the items in the original versions, correlate from 0.90 to 0.96 with the original version. This means that the short-form versions measure approximately the same characteristics as do the original instruments, and that they can safely be used for research purposes in MoBa.
Soldiers of the Home Army Group “Radosław” After the Fall of the Warsaw Uprising and the End of World War II
Authors: Nowożycki Bartosz
Published: May 2016

The article describes the contribution of the “Radosław” Group’s soldiers in the so-called second conspiration after the fall of the Warsaw Uprising in September 1945 and also the efforts of Jan Mazurkiewicz “Radosław” and his soldiers in returning to civilian life after the end of World War II. The analysis of the subject was based on available literature and archival records.

For many of the Radosław Group soldiers, the struggle for independence of Poland didn’t end with the fall of the Warsaw Uprising. They took part in re-creating the Directorate for Diversion and later served in the Organization “Nie” and the Armed Forces Delegation for Poland until the dismantling of the Home Army. Due to the political situation in Poland and shortage of supply, their actions were limited (especially the combat activity). After the amnesty in 1945 and subsequent actions, former Radosław Group soldiers turned to social and veteran activities focused around self-help and maintaining the tradition of the Home Army. This later become a reason for the Communist authorities to accuse, repress, and imprison after 1949.
Effects of Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea Canaliculata, Lamarck) Shell Particle Size on Growth Performance, Carcass Quality, Bone Strength and Small Intestinal Histology in Thai Native Chickens (Pradu Hang Dum Chiangmai 1)
Authors: Buwjoom Tonglian , Maneewan Buaream , Yamauchi Kohsyo , Pongpisantham Buncha , Yamauchi Koh-en
Published: May 2016

To study whether the particle size of golden apple snail (Pomacea Canaliculata, Lamarck) shell induces negative effects on the growth performance, carcass quality, bone strength and small intestinal histology in Thai native chickens (Pradu Hang Dum Chiangmai 1), 192 chickens, both male and female, were divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates of 12 chickens each at 5 weeks of age. The control group received limestone as a source of calcium. The experimental groups received diets containing golden apple snail shell particles, with sizes ranging from 0:50 to 1:00, from 1.00 to 1.70, and from 1.70 to 2.80 mm as a calcium source. Feed intake and weight were measured weekly, and carcass quality, tibial bone strength and small intestinal histology were observed at 16 weeks of age. The data of growth performance, carcass quality, tibial bone strength and small intestinal histology did not present negative results after feeding any of the golden apple snail shell sizes. On the contrary, a slightly higher weight gain was observed in the group consuming the 1.00 to 1.70 mm snail shell particles during the period from the 13th to the 16th week. Improved carcass quality and pectoralis major and tibial bone strength, as well as significantly increased duodenal villus surface and jejunal crypt cell numbers (p < 0.05) were observed in the group fed the 1.00 to 1.70 mm snail shell particles. These results suggest that golden apple snail shell particles between 1.00 and 1.70 mm can improve growth performance due to hypertrophied intestinal function.
Chinese Students’ Knowledge of Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Apparel and Sustainable Purchase Intentions
Authors: Reiter Lauren , Kozar Joy
Published: May 2016

Although many studies have focused on the relationship between consumers’ purchase intentions and their knowledge and attitudes of socially and environmentally responsible issues pertaining to the apparel and textiles (AT) industry, few studies have focused on consumers outside the US and UK. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to better understand the sustainability knowledge, attitudes, and purchasing intentions of Chinese consumers. A paper questionnaire consisting of approximately 80 questions and five scales was given to 52 Chinese undergraduate students enrolled in a course at a university located in the Zhejiang province of China during the summer of 2015. As a result of the data analysis, the Chinese students were much more informed of environmental issues within the AT industry as compared to issues of social responsibility, yet also reported strong attitudes regarding the treatment and safety of workers in AT production and how these issues might influence their purchasing intentions.
Is Sport Sponsorship Global? Evidence from the United States, the United Kingdom, and India
Authors: Zaharia Noni , Mayer Jr. Kurt C. , Hungenberg Eric , Gray Dianna , Stotlar David
Published: May 2016

This study sought to develop and test a cross-national sport sponsorship model. Sponsorship and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theories were utilized for the theoretical framework for this study. A survey was conducted with 522 Chelsea FC soccer club’s fans from the United States, the United Kingdom, and India in the area of sponsorship through a jersey sponsorship. Single and multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the global sport sponsorship model. The results acknowledged the measurement and structural invariance of a global model for five sport sponsorship outcomes (i.e., sponsorship awareness, sponsorship fit, attitude toward the sponsor, gratitude, and purchase intentions), controlling for age, gender, education, household income and the household’s decision maker. The statistical analyses indicated that structural relationships among the analyzed sponsorship outcomes were invariant among all three countries. The effect of sponsorship fit predicted the presence of purchase intentions, while the attitude toward the sponsor was the strongest predictor of purchase intentions.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Review of European Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2
Authors: Dou Paige
Published: May 2016

Reviewer Acknowledgements for Review of European Studies, Vol. 8, No. 2, 2016
Wouters: All in the Family?
Authors: Kloosterhuis Erik
Published: May 2016

Wouters: All in the Family?

De laatste tijd is, onder andere in dit tijdschrift, nogal eens de gedachte naar voren gebracht dat mededingingsafspraken met een duurzaamheidsdoel beter op grond van de Wouters-jurisprudentie kunnen worden beoordeeld dan via een toets aan lid 3 van het kartelverbod. Hiermee zou tot een ruimhartiger benadering van deze afspraken kunnen worden gekomen. Dit artikel bespreekt de mogelijkheid en de wenselijkheid van een dergelijke benadering. Het analyseert daartoe de jurisprudentie zoals die zich tot nu toe heeft ontwikkeld en beoordeelt deze mede vanuit een economisch gezichtspunt.
Wet Markt en Overheid: hoe nu verder?
Authors: Gradus Raymond
Published: May 2016

Wet Markt en overheid: hoe nu verder?

De effectiviteit van de onlangs ingevoerde Wet Markt en Overheid wordt betwijfeld. Een initiatief vanuit de Tweede Kamer stelt daarom een ‘nee-tenzij’-benadering voor een op de markt opererende overheid voor. Een schets van de voorgeschiedenis geeft aan dat een algemeen aanvaarde norm voor het marktoptreden door de overheid een onmogelijke opgave is en dat het soms welvaartsverhogend kan zijn als de overheid mee concurreert. Wel bestaat het risico van het (te) ruim interpreteren van de algemeenbelangbepaling door medeoverheden. Dit kan ondervangen worden door in het besluit de belangen nader te expliciteren en de mogelijkheden voor beroep door ondernemers te verbeteren.
Verplichte sportarbitrage als uitbuitingsmisbruik: de Pechstein-zaak door de lens van artikel 102 VWEU
Authors: Van Rompuy Ben
Published: May 2016

Verplichte sportarbitrage als uitbuitingsmisbruik: de Pechstein-zaak door de lens van artikel 102 VWEU

Met zijn uitspraak in de Pechstein-zaak legde het Duitse Oberlandesgericht München (OLG) een bom onder de fundamenten van de internationale sportrechtspraak. Volgens het OLG maakte de Internationale Schaatsunie misbruik van haar machtspositie door aan de schaatser Claudia Pechstein een arbitrageclausule ten gunste van het Hof van Arbitrage voor Sport (CAS) verplicht op te leggen. Hoewel het OLG enkel nationaal mededingingsrecht toepaste, analyseren we in deze bijdrage de zaak vanuit het perspectief van het Europees mededingingsrecht. Immers, indien het eenzijdig opleggen van CAS-arbitrageclausules – een gangbare praktijk van internationale sportbonden – ook misbruik vormt in de zin van artikel 102 VWEU, zouden de praktische implicaties voor de toekomst van het CAS nog verregaander zijn.
Bescherming van EU-burgers tegen niet voorzienbare strafrechtelijke vervolgingen in de Ruimte van Vrijheid, Veiligheid en Recht
Authors: Graat J.J.M.
Published: May 2016

Bescherming van EU-burgers tegen niet voorzienbare strafrechtelijke vervolgingen in de Ruimte van Vrijheid, Veiligheid en Recht

Een EU-burger die gebruikmaakt van zijn recht op vrijheid van verkeer strafrechtelijk vervolgd worden door een lidstaat waarvan hij de rechtsmacht niet had kunnen voorzien. Met de inwerkingtreding van het Kaderbesluit betreffende het Europees Aanhoudingsbevel kan een EU-burger in een dergelijk geval ook aan die lidstaat worden overgeleverd. In dit artikel wordt zowel deze keerzijde van het Kaderbesluit geanalyseerd als de mate waarin door het materiële legaliteitsbeginsel het Kaderbesluit zelf en de Overleveringswet bescherming wordt geboden. Op basis van deze analyses wordt vervolgens vastgesteld of er sprake is van een gebrek aan bescherming en worden enkele oplossingsrichtingen aangedragen.
De bestraffende handhaving van de Omgevingswet: bestuurlijke strafbeschikking of bestuurlijke boete?
Authors: Keulen B.F. , Bröring H.E.
Published: May 2016

De bestraffende handhaving van de Omgevingswet: bestuurlijke strafbeschikking of bestuurlijke boete?

In juni 2014 is het voorstel voor de Omgevingswet bij de Tweede Kamer ingediend. Aanvankelijk was het kabinet van plan over de volle breedte van de Omgevingswet de mogelijkheid tot het opleggen van een bestuurlijke boete in te voeren. De Raad van State heeft zich daar in zijn advies tegen gekeerd. Dat heeft het kabinet ertoe gebracht opdracht te geven tot nader onderzoek. Dit artikel bouwt voort op dat onderzoek, dat vanaf de zomer van 2014 tot in maart 2015 is uitgevoerd door medewerkers van de Groningse rechtenfaculteit, onder wie de auteurs van dit artikel. In deze bijdrage richten wij ons vooral op de voorstellen die in de slotbeschouwing zijn gedaan. Het accent ligt op de samenwerking tussen bestuurlijke en justitiële autoriteiten.
Otimização do tempo e percurso no transporte universitário entre Paraíba do Sul e USS com base na Roteirização e aplicação do Solver
Authors: Cardoso Rafael Camargo , Ribeiro Júnior Luiz Carlos Andrade , SILVA REINALDO RAMOS , De Barros Layana Lima
Published: May 2016

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a atual rota de distribuição de uma empresa que realiza o transporte universitário desde 2011, entre a cidade de Paraíba do Sul e a Universidade Severino Sombra (USS), situada na cidade de Vassouras. A finalidade é comparar, o atual percurso, com a rota proposta utilizando as ferramentas destacadas no desenvolvimento deste estudo de caso e encontrar gargalos a fim de otimizar o tempo de distribuição, visto que 77,77% dos usuários deste transporte são alunos e trabalhadores, e cada tempo a menos de viajem resultará em maior desempenho em suas atividades. Para o desenvolvimento foi utilizado como instrumento base a roteirização, em conjunto com conceitos de logística, modelagem matemática com a aplicação do “Caixeiro Viajante” e a ferramenta SOLVER. As informações de quilometragem e distribuição foram coletadas em tempo real da realização do trajeto. Por meio do desenvolvimento do presente estudo, foi possível observar que a atual rota realizada, empiricamente pela empresa, pode ser otimizada, reduzindo a média mensal em 0,45% da quilometragem e em 4% o tempo de distribuição, beneficiando a manutenção do veículo e o consumo de combustível, reduzindo os pontos de desembarque em 22,22%, devido a distância entre os clientes serem próximos, sendo proposto um ponto comum.
Logística Reversa: Estudo de Caso em Uma Indústria de Artefatos Plásticos
Authors: Mendes Giselly Santos , Theis Vanessa , Fagundes Camila , Schreiber Dusan , Da Silva Morgana Oliveira
Published: May 2016

Diante do desafio de produzir e preservar, a logística reversa pode viabilizar soluções que minimizem os efeitos nocivos ao meio ambiente. Neste sentido, este trabalho objetiva descrever como uma empresa do segmento plástico organiza seus processos industriais relativos à logística reversa. Cumpre destacar que o artigo apresenta um estudo de caso de uma empresa de artefatos plásticos que implantou a logística reversa como uma alternativa à disposição de seus resíduos industriais, e como plataforma para o lançamento de um novo produto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, com uso de entrevista semiestruturada, análise documental e observação não participante. Dentre os dados analisados, constatou-se que a empresa busca alinhar a logística reversa com sua estratégia organizacional a fim de oportunizar o desenvolvimento de novos produtos.
Cálculo e análise da capacidade Produtiva utilizando processo de Markov: Estudo de caso de uma empresa têxtil
Authors: Milnitz Diego , Luna Monica Maria Mendes , Coelho Antonio Sergio
Published: May 2016

Para que as organizações possam se manter competitivas em seus mercados de atuação, torna-se indispensável uma gestão eficiente dos recursos produtivos existentes, isto é ter conhecimento sobre os processos atuais quanto a sua capacidade de atender a demandas atuais e futuras de seus clientes, bem como ações contingenciais para eventos aleatórios. A proposta desta pesquisa consiste em incluir fatores como rejeitos e retrabalhos, que são raramente utilizados nas análises dos recursos produtivos, no cálculo da capacidade produtiva com o apoio da matriz de transição estocástica da cadeia de Markov para obtenção de um fator de capacidade, que é usado posteriormente no cálculo e análise da capacidade real necessária dos processos. Para exemplificar a eficácia do método um estudo de caso de uma empresa têxtil é apresentado. Demonstrando assim, que o método proposto tem grande contribuição para análise desse tipo de cenário e se mostra promissor para estudos mais estratégicos relacionados com investimentos em processos produtivos.
Effects of topical travoprost 0.004% on intraocular pressure and corneal biomechanical properties in an animal model
Authors: Lazcano-Gomez Gabriel , Ancona-Lezama David , Gil-Carrasco Felix , Jimenez-Roman Jesus
Published: May 2016

PurposeTo determine whether topical application of travoprost 0.004% induces changes in corneal biomechanical properties affecting intraocular pressure (IOP) values in rabbits.MethodsBoth eyes of 10 New Zealand rabbits were measured 3 times with the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) before treatment. Each measurement included corneal hysteresis (CH), corneal resistance factor (CRF), corneal-corrected IOP (IOPcc), and Goldmann equivalent IOP (IOPg). A drop of travoprost 0.004% was applied once daily in right eyes for 3 months; left eyes received no treatments. After 3 months of treatment both eyes of all rabbits were again measured 3 times. After complete keratectomy of both eyes, tissues prepared with hematoxylin-eosin stain were analyzed by means of light microscopy.ResultsThe mean pre- and post-treatment IOPg, respectively, for right eyes was 9.92 ± 5.64 mm Hg and 7.62 ± 2.99 mm Hg (P = 0.027); IOPcc, 19.81 ± 5.25 mm Hg and 17.79 ± 4.09 mm Hg (P = 0.063); CRF, 1.65 ± 1.63 mm Hg and 2.18 ± 2.50 mm Hg (P = 0.266); and CH, 2.79 ± 1.74 mm Hg and 2.64 ± 2.08 mm Hg (P = 0.72). Mean post-treatment right and left eye IOPg values were, respectively, 7.62 ± 2.99 and 10.30 ± 4.40 (P = 0.002); IOPcc, 17.79 ± 4.09 mm Hg and 20.37 ± 4.32 mm Hg (P = 0.009); CRF, 1.65 ± 1.63 mm Hg and 2.17 ± 2.47 mm Hg (P = 0.274); and CH, 2.79 ± 1.74 mm Hg and 2.54 ± 2.08 mm Hg (P = 0.575). No difference in CH and CRF was observed between treated and untreated eyes.ConclusionsPost-treatment reduction of IOP in treated eyes was a direct hypotensive effect of travoprost 0.004% and was not affected by changes in corneal biomechanical properties (CH and CRF), resulting in real lower IOP values.
Cogan syndrome with severe medium and large vessel vasculitis
Authors: Sevgi Duriye D. , Sobrin Lucia , Papaliodis George N.
Published: May 2016

Cogan syndrome is a rare disease characterized by coexisting audiovestibular and ocular symptoms. Almost half of patients develop systemic manifestations. We report the case of a 38-year-old woman who presented with severe medium and large vessel vasculitis as a systemic manifestation of Cogan syndrome.
Usages numériques non formels chez les jeunes et performance scolaire
Authors: Alava Séraphin , Morales Laurence
Published: May 2016

Les jeunes élèves de 12 à 17 ans utilisent régulièrement des outils numériques et construisent des pratiques personnelles. Ces pratiques ne sont pas sans relation avec les compétences attendues dans le champ scolaire et le développement de ces usages numériques peut avoir un effet négatif ou positif sur la performance scolaire. Depuis quatre ans, nous étudions les usages non formels de ces outils par les jeunes et nous examinons les impacts de ces pratiques sur le champ scolaire. Notre recherche menée en 2013 et en 2014 est complémentaire aux travaux conduits au niveau du collège français (première moitié du secondaire). Nous avons travaillé en cherchant à décrire les usages spécifiques numériques des adolescents et à mesurer l’impact de ces usages sur les résultats scolaires, mais aussi sur les compétences sociales et pédagogiques, notamment les compétences liées à l’autonomie au travail et à la prise d’initiative.
Éducation populaire autonome et universités : une contradiction motrice ?
Authors: Pineau Gaston
Published: May 2016

L’Université est coupée de 90% de la population. À la frontière lointaine des universités et des milieux populaires, quelques universitaires et représentants des milieux populaires tentent de définir les modalités d’une intégration de leurs activités. Telle est la fonction de l’« atelier de promotion collective » de la Faculté d’Éducation permanente de l’Université de Montréal.

L’atelier tente de rejoindre les milieux populaires par une participation à leurs luttes tant en milieu syndical qu’en dehors des milieux de travail. Dans ces derniers, des interventions ont eu lieu dans les domaines de l’habitation, de la santé, de la défense des libertés.

L’article discute ensuite des rapports entre l’éducation populaire autonome, les intellectuels et les organisations.
Les fondations et la « nouvelle philanthropie » : un changement de paradigmes scientifiques et politiques
Authors: Ducharme Élise , Lesemann Frédéric
Published: May 2016

Les fondations de la « nouvelle philanthropie » portent un regard critique sur l’organisation sociale et sur l’action politique et tendent à imposer une nouvelle manière de gérer le social. Au Québec, la Fondation Lucie et André Chagnon s’inscrit dans la logique de ce mouvement. Les recherches effectuées à son sujet ont permis de faire ressortir quelques-uns des impacts de sa présence sur les acteurs du terrain de l’action sociale et communautaire. La situation constatée reflète une nouvelle logique d’action qui correspond à de nouveaux paradigmes que l’on retrouve à la fois dans le champ scientifique et dans le champ de la gouvernance, et qui concurrencent ceux sur lesquels reposent des années de pratiques de terrain.
Confirmation of EMIC wave‐driven relativistic electron precipitation
Authors: Hendry Aaron T. , Rodger Craig J. , Clilverd Mark A. , Engebretson Mark J. , Mann Ian R. , Lessard Marc R. , Raita Tero , Milling David K.
Published: May 2016

Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves are believed to be an important source of pitch angle scattering driven relativistic electron loss from the radiation belts. To date, investigations of this precipitation have been largely theoretical in nature, limited to calculations of precipitation characteristics based on wave observations and small‐scale studies. Large‐scale investigation of EMIC wave‐driven electron precipitation has been hindered by a lack of combined wave and precipitation measurements. Analysis of electron flux data from the POES (Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites) spacecraft has been suggested as a means of investigating EMIC wave‐driven electron precipitation characteristics, using a precipitation signature particular to EMIC waves. Until now the lack of supporting wave measurements for these POES‐detected precipitation events has resulted in uncertainty regarding the driver of the precipitation. In this paper we complete a statistical study comparing POES precipitation measurements with wave data from several ground‐based search coil magnetometers; we further present a case study examining the global nature of this precipitation. We show that a significant proportion of the precipitation events correspond with EMIC wave detections on the ground; for precipitation events that occur directly over the magnetometers, this detection rate can be as high as 90%. Our results demonstrate that the precipitation region is often stationary in magnetic local time, narrow in L, and close to the expected plasmapause position. Predominantly, the precipitation is associated with helium band rising tone Pc1 waves on the ground. The success of this study proves the viability of POES precipitation data for investigating EMIC wave‐driven electron precipitation.