bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Romance and the Teacher: A Dissertation Revisited
Authors: Spiker Amy
Published: April 2021

This article is an auto-ethnographic study of my own deeply held metaphors about teaching and how I carry them into my university classroom work with preservice teachers. It is a continuation of a previously shelved dissertation. Ignited by a simple question during an encounter with a former student and research participant, this article looks at the dissertation work carried out previously through a new lens. The dissertation focused on my participants who were students and student teachers and their metaphors about teaching. Years later I was challenged to revisit this work and identify my own teaching metaphors. By holding a metaphor of teaching as a romance I was challenged to consider how that metaphor carried itself into my teaching and into my relationships with students. Through honest reflection and self-examination, I learned that my metaphors must be recognized and challenged. They do carry into my work with students and can change how I see them as future teachers.
An Adaptation of Grounded Theory Using a Modified Convergent Interviewing Technique
Authors: Safari Mehr Elica , Carswell Peter , Day Karen
Published: April 2021

Grounded Theory (GT) researchers have been using adaptations of this methodology to serve theory building purposes, following different theoretical frameworks. However, there is a lack of enough information on the variation of GT used, or their epistemological assumptions in some studies. The purpose of this paper is to provide our experience in a GT study using a modified convergent interviewing technique to help guide other researchers on using this method and build their own research design. We have combined a decision-making technique, called Delphi, with convergent interviewing and provided a clear explanation of the steps required to apply this method in a GT research study. To help other researchers, justifications made to choose convergent interviewing in this GT study, and the proposed adaptation are explained in detail. The method used resulted in a more efficient data collection and analysis stage in the main author’s PhD study, that aimed to find main issues in a Health Information Technology innovation development by interviewing key informants. The case for this study was about using Information Technology in health care (e.g., computerised medical records for sharing patient care among clinicians in different services). The GT methodology and the proposed interviewing method can be used in the development processes of other innovations where the main issues or events need to be determined and generate relevant theory. There is potential in the proposed method to improve theory building studies by providing explicit theoretical and methodological decisions of this study.
Nothing to Hide, Nothing to Fear? Tools and Suggestions for Digital Data Protection
Authors: Anderson Jedidiah , Skare Erik , Dorroll Courtney
Published: April 2021

The developing cyber-infrastructure has provided new tools, methods, and opportunities to conduct research. However, the Snowden leaks and subsequent developments proved that the same infrastructure has made all-encompassing surveillance possible – posing new challenges for researchers when engaging with those they are obligated to protect. As the cyber-infrastructure simultaneously opens up new possibility-spaces for circumventing structures of surveillance, while drawing on the authors’ own experiences, this article presents a number of tools and suggestions that will aid the researcher to engage more responsibly and safely with the research subject digitally.
Qualitative Research for Educational Science Researchers: A Review of An Introduction to Qualitative Research
Authors: Kılıçoglu Ali
Published: April 2021

Qualitative research is a type of scientific research which includes document analysis, observation or interview. Qualitative research process describes the events in the natural environment realistically and holistically. Although quantitative research methods are mostly used in educational sciences, qualitative research methods are also used by the educational science researchers. An Introduction to Qualitative Research by Uwe Flick (2014) is an ideal guide for educational science researchers in regard to qualitative research methods and techniques.
On the Same Page: A Formal Process for Training Multiple Interviewers
Authors: Sattin-Bajaj Carolyn
Published: April 2021

The increased utilization of qualitative methodologies as part of mixed-method health and social science research has highlighted the need for training procedures for every stage of qualitative data collection and analysis. Yet, few group training models exist for collecting reliable, valid qualitative interview data. This article presents a multi-stage, collaborative interview training process for a large team of research assistants. The training program combines insights and techniques used in both structured and semi-structured interviewing. It also includes ongoing instruction and feedback prior to and during data collection in an effort to ensure consistency and reliability. In the article, I describe each stage of the training program in detail, review some of the challenges encountered during implementation, and conclude with a discussion of how researchers and course instructors might adapt the methods to fit their particular needs.
Incorporating Spiritual Analysis: A Review of Jing Li, Rebecca Oxford and Tom Culham’s Toward a Spiritual Research Paradigm
Authors: Fitzsimmons Stephanie
Published: April 2021

Toward a Spiritual Research Paradigm is one of those books that forces readers to push the boundaries beyond the “traditional paradigms” and then push a little bit further. I found this book spoke to me on a primal level helping to bridge connections between what I have been taught so far, my personal experiences and what is in my spiritual life. Throughout reading the book, I noticed my perspectives expanded beyond what I expected and I found myself thinking of applications for my current and possibly even future studies.
Russian Intraoperative Naming Test: a Standardized Tool to Map Noun and Verb Production during Awake Neurosurgeries
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Dragoy Olga , Chrabaszcz Anna , Tolkacheva Valeria , Buklina Svetlana
Published: April 2021

To minimize permanent postoperative deficits, functional mapping with direct electrical stimulation (DES) is becoming a gold standard when a brain tumor resection must be performed near or within eloquent areas. Due to the devastating impact of communication disabilities, language is one of the most commonly mapped functions. However, standardized linguistic protocols for intraoperative use are still scarce. Here we present the first Russian standardized naming test for mapping noun and verb production during awake neurosurgeries. Its development has been informed by modern (psycho)linguistic knowledge and DES requirements. The test was clinically piloted in a sample of 23 patients who underwent awake craniotomy, with results showing high relevance of the test in combination with DES for mapping language-relevant cortical and subcortical sites. The use of the test intraoperatively enabled extensive resection of tumor tissue while preserving language function in most of the tested patients. The test materials and protocols are freely available online
Factors Affecting Human Capital in Southern Punjab: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Shah Salyha Zulfiqar Ali , Chaudhry Imran Sharif , Farooq Fatima
Published: April 2021

Analyzing the factors affecting human capital at household level increases the productivity of people living in developing countries. A primary data was collected through a household survey to study the factors affecting human capital in Southern Punjab using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression technique. The findings show that the location of the household in rural areas, occupation of the household head in the primary sector, household size, household poverty and female/male ratio shows significant and negatively affecting the human capital of the households in Southern Punjab. Moreover, per capita income, number of earners in the household, remittances are significant and positively affecting the human capital of the households in Southern Punjab. The annual budget allocation for education in Pakistan is very low, so Government should allocate a significant amount of funds to the education sector.
Building and Developing Ethnic Relations in Lam Dong Province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam Today
Authors:   Faculty of Political Theory, Tay Nguyen University, 567 Le Duan Street, Buon Ma Thuot City, Dak Lak Province, Viet Nam, Hanh MSc. Le Thi Hong
Published: April 2021

The paper briefly presents the concept of ethnicity and nationality. Based on the definition and scope of the concept, the paper presents the characteristics of ethnic groups and analyzes the history of ethnic relations in Lam Dong. From these analyzes, the paper focuses on interpreting the importance of building ethnic relations in the process of industrialization and modernization in Lam Dong province: i) To create opportunities and conditions for ethnic groups in the province to cooperate and develop in all aspects, together successfully realize the cause of industrialization and modernization. ii) To build up ethnic relations so that the ethnic groups in the province can consolidate their mutual understanding and trust, thus avoiding conflict and tension leading to the danger of ethnic separateness, obstructing the process of industrialization and modernization.
Construção de planisfério tátil adaptado e cartas táteis de constelações para pessoas com deficiência visual
Authors: Nunes Rose , Dutra Carlos Maximiliano
Published: April 2021

A educação brasileira tem como proposta uma escola inclusiva que visa promover acesso e permanência a todos. No entanto, sobretudo na área de Ciências, existe uma carência de uso de estratégias pedagógicas e desenvolvimento de materiais adaptados para os alunos com deficiência, em particular para pessoas com deficiência visual. No presente trabalho, propomos a construção de um planisfério tátil adaptado e de cartas táteis de constelações para que o estudo do movimento das estrelas no céu possa ser desenvolvido com o aluno com deficiência visual, de forma similar aos alunos videntes, tendo como modelo o planisfério da Olímpiada Brasileira de Astronomia e Astronáutica. Os materiais a serem utilizados e a ampliação necessária para a confecção do planisfério tátil foram definidos com o auxílio de um aluno com deficiência visual. Após construído o planisfério e as cartas táteis das constelações zodiacais, a atividade de determinação de hora, dia e mês de nascimento e de ocaso da constelação de capricórnio foi desenvolvida junto ao aluno com deficiência visual, na qual o sujeito pôde experimentar a mesma atividade prática realizada pelos alunos videntes. O desenvolvimento de materiais táteis adaptados para alunos com deficiência visual que permitam o entendimento prático de conhecimentos teóricos relacionados a Ciências, em particular a Astronomia, é fundamental para a promoção de uma aprendizagem inclusiva mais efetiva.
O papel da educação profissional em novas configurações de trabalho para catadoras e catadores de materiais recicláveis
Authors: Sauka Jean Elizeu , Pinto Leandro Rafael
Published: April 2021

O crescimento da população e das atividades econômicas pós Guerra Fria, entrelaçado à acelerada industrialização e urbanização, tornou-se motivo de mudanças nos padrões de consumo da sociedade. Entre essas mudanças, destacam-se o crescimento na geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos e sua influência no desenvolvimento das cidades. O objetivo geral deste estudo é identificar potencialidades e limitações de práticas de formação educacional voltadas a catadoras e catadores de materiais recicláveis como alternativa para o desenvolvimento de inclusão social e a geração de trabalho e renda. A pesquisa limita-se a práticas educacionais no município de Curitiba/PR, e a abordagem metodológica visa desenvolver uma pesquisa qualitativa a qual busca organizar informações a partir de um projeto existente no Instituto Lixo e Cidadania (ILIX) com a classe trabalhadora catadora de material reciclável. Como resultado, foi possível identificar ações de interação entre catadoras e catadores em relação a práticas de formação educacional técnica e formação humana, com foco em processos de gestão para auxílio nas relações econômicas e financeiras das cooperativas e, principalmente, em questões sociais e culturais, permitindo o compartilhamento de informações sobre saúde, segurança e direitos humanos.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN SEKOLAH PEDULI ANAK HEBAT (SPAH) BAGI SISWA PENYANDANG DISABILITAS
Authors: Sage Normalia
Published: April 2021

Pemerintah mencanangkan pendidikan inklusif sesuai Permendiknas Nomor 70 tahun 2009. Siswa penyandang disabilitas dapat belajar di sekolah umum. Pendidikan inklusif menghadapi tantangan diantaranya kompetensi guru, sumber kurikulum yang kurang dan orang tua yang kurang puas, sehingga pendidikan inklusif berkembang sesuai dengan gaya dan kemampuan masing-masing lembaga. Ada yang lebih berfokus pada peningkatan skill kerja siswa penyandang disabilitas, ada juga yang meningkatkan kemampuan akademik sesuai kebutuhan mereka. Tulisan ini memaparkan pengembangan suatu inovasi pembelajaran inklusif alternatif yang berbasis passion siswa penyandang disabilitas di SMA. Sistem pendidikan yang dikembangkan ini fleksibel mengikuti bakat dan minat siswa dengan nama model pembelajaran Sekolah Peduli Anak Hebat (SPAH). SPAH memiliki lima model pembelajaran yakni Religious-Emotional-Social-Health- Supporting (RESHES); Sport-Art-Entrepreneur (SAE); Career Class (CC); Fun Academic (FA); dan Parent Society (PS) yang 50% berfokus pada peningkatan potensi hati dan 30% potensi fisik dan 20% potensi akal pada pengembangan bakat-minat, karakter dan akademik anak hebat.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MEMBACA DAN IKLIM KOMPETISI DENGAN STRATEGI KAMUS BABUD
Authors: Sari Nani Puspita
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca pemahaman dan iklim kompetisi murid menggunakan strategi Kamus Babud. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Metode ini dipilih untuk mendapatkan solusi terhadap masalah pengajaran yang ditemukan di kelas dalam mengajar di SMA kelas XI Bahasa. Data penelitian berupa data kuantitatif yang didapat dari tes, dan data kualitatif yang didapat dari kuesioner, pengamatan dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Strategi Kamus Babud dapat meningkatkan kemampuan membaca dan iklim kompetisi di kelas XI Bahasa.
PERAN STRATEGIS KEGIATAN EKSTRAKULIKULER DALAM PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER
Authors: Sri Wahyuni Leny
Published: April 2021

Menyoroti berbagai permasalahan moral yang terus mencuat, seperti semakin maraknya dari kasus kekerasan sampai dengan kasus korupsi massal menjadi burning issue saat ini. Kondisi mentalitas bangsa cukup memprihatinkan. Menyikapi hal tersebut, pemerintah pun secara responsif terus berupaya untuk memperbaiki keadaan, salah satunya dengan memasukkan pendidikan karakter dalam kurikulum. Upaya tersebut direalisasikan melalui program PPK (Penguatan Pendidikan Karakter) yang tidak hanya diejawantahkan dalam kegiatan intrakurikuler, ko-kurikuler, akan tetapi juga dalam kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Maka, dalam penelitian ini akan mengkaji terkait peran strategis kegiatan ekstrakurikuler dalam penguatan pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode studi kasus. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa melalui kegiatan ekstrakurikuler, peserta didik dapat dibentuk menjadi pribadi Pancasilais yang dapat menghayati dan mengamalkan nilai-nilai luhur Pancasila, seperti religius, humanis, nasionalis, demokratis, dan sosialis. Core values tersebut menjadi karakter yang senantiasa dapat dibangun oleh setiap ekstrakurikuler dalam berbagai kegiatannya.
GAMER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN DAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA DENGAN GANGGUAN KESULITAN BELAJAR KELAS XII IPS 2 SMAN 3 TUALANG
Authors: Yani Gusri
Published: April 2021

Salah satu bentuk hambatan siswa dalam belajar adalah gangguan kesulitan belajar. Peneliti menemukan empat siswa yang mengalami kesulitan belajar dikelas XII IPS 2. Peneliti berupaya memecahkan masalah dengan menggunakan media gambar bercerita (Gamer). Penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh media Gamer terhadap peningkatan pemahaman dan minat belajar siswa dengan gangguan kesulitan belajar pada materi teks naratif ini dilaksanakan di SMAN 3 Tualang dengan melibatkan empat partisipan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan penilaian, dan diolah secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media Gamer dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dan minat belajar siswa berkebutuhan khusus.
PENGEMBANGAN METODE PEMBELAJARAN DUKASIMERA BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL PADA SMAN 1 BANJAR, BULELENG, BALI
Authors: Adnyana Gede Putra
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan dan mengetahui pengaruh metode pembelajaran dukasimera berbasis kearifan lokal terhadap hasil belajar peserta didik SMAN 1 Banjar, Buleleng, Bali tahun pelajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D) dengan model ADDIE. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode observasi, wawancara, angket, dan tes. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk menentukan kevalidan dan keefektifan metode pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode pembelajaran dukasimera dapat dikembangkan untuk meningkatkan keterlibatan peserta didik dalam pembelajaran. Rerata hasil belajar peserta didik yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan metode dukasimera sebesar 77,08 lebih tinggi dari pembelajaran langsung sebesar 68,49. Dengan demikian, hasil belajar peserta didik dengan metode dukasimera lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran langsung.
JEMBATAN ASADISCO SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI HOLISTIK PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATERI PENGHANTARAN IMPULS SARAF
Authors: Khofifah Siti
Published: April 2021

Materi penghantaran impuls saraf merupakan materi yang sifatnya abstrak pada mapel biologi, sehingga kebanyakan peserta didik sangat sulit memahami konsep tersebut. Kesulitan itu terjadi karena di SMA Negeri 1 Sidayu belum ada media yang bisa digunakan untuk memvisualisasikan konsep materi secara konstektual sehingga hasil belajar peserta didik rendah karena selalu memakai metode ceramah. Selama ini juga penilaian hanya dilakukan pada kompetensi pengetahuan sedang sikap dan ketrampilan diabaikan. Untuk itu melalui media jembatan asadisco hasil kreativitas penulis akan mampu menyelesaikan masalah yang ada, dengan tujuan penelitian untuk meningkatkan kompetensi holistik peserta didik pada materi penghantaran impuls saraf. Dengan Research and Development model 4-D Thiagarajani melalui tahapan pendefinisian, perancangan, pengembangan dan diseminasi. Implementasi dengan uji coba awal dan uji coba akhir. Ada validasi RPP, LAPD dan jembatan asadisco. Dengan instrumen berupa lembar penilaian diri, lembar observasi penilaian kompetensi holistik meliputi sikap, ketrampilan dan pengetahuan yang dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif sesuai taraf kompetensi yang ditentukan. Subyek peserta didik kelas XI MIPA-3 SMA Negeri 1 Sidayu berjumlah 32, putri 19 dan putra 13. Hasil uji coba awal kompetensi sikap 60%, ketrampilan 70% dan pengetahuan 78,1% sedang uji coba akhir sikap 87%, ketrampilan 88% dan pengetahuan 87.5%. Kesimpulan bahwa jembatan asadisco dapat dijadikan sebagai upaya yang mampu meningkatkan kompetensi holistik peserta didik kelas XI MIPA-3 SMA Negeri 1 Sidayu pada materi penghantaran impuls saraf
PENGEMBANGAN DAN EFEKTIFITAS BAHAN AJAR LAJU REAKSI DENGAN PENDEKATAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI PESERTA DIDIK SMA
Authors: Purwaningtyas Diah
Published: April 2021

Tujuan penelitian pengembangan adalah menghasilkan bahan ajar materi laju reaksi dengan pendekatan Inkuiri Terbimbing yang layak dan efektif diterapkan pada pembelajaran kimia serta mengetahui persepsi peserta didik terhadap bahan ajar yang dikembangkan. Metode pengembangan bahan ajar menggunakan model 4D dari Thiagarajan dkk (1974), tetapi tanpa tahap keempat. Hasil penilaian para ahli menyatakan bahwa bahan ajar yang dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat layak pada aspek isi dan media serta layak pada aspek keterbacaan. Pada uji efektivitas menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar tersebut lebih efektif dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi peserta didik dibanding bahan ajar lain. Secara umum peserta didik memberikan respons positif terhadap bahan ajar hasil pengembangan.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI RECIPROCAL TEACHING DAN PERTANYAAN KRITIS (HIGHER ORDER THINKING) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN PADA TEKS DISKUSI
Authors: Hariyati Sri
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi membaca pemahaman teks diskusi dengan menerapkan Reciprocal Teaching dan pertanyaan kritis (Higher Order Thinking (HOT) di kelas XII SMA Laboratorium UM. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus. Hasil yang diperoleh pada siklus pertama, rata-rata nilai post-test I adalah 61.29% dimana hanya 13 mampu mencapai Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM), kemudian pada siklus kedua meningkat menjadi 76.21%, dengan 21 peserta didik yang mampu mencapai KKM. Selanjutnya, keaktifan peserta didik dalam diskusi kelas juga mengalami perbaikan, dimana pada siklus pertama persentase keaktifan peserta didik hanya 30% dan kemudian meningkat menjadi 70% pada siklus kedua. Dari hasil ini, maka strategi reciprocal teaching dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan membaca jenis teks diskusi.
PEER FEEDBACK TECHNIQUE IN IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ WRITING ABILITY OF THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS IN SMA NEGERI BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Suriani Dayang
Published: April 2021

This study is directed to obtain information how peer feedback can improve students’ ability in writing. Specifically, it is directed to investigate whether peer feedback works and can improve students’ writing ability in writing sentences and narrative paragraphs, at the first year students of SMA Negeri 1 Balikpapan. The study was conducted based on the result of preliminary study at the school. It is found that the students’ ability in the language skills especially in writing is still insufficient. In the teaching and learning process the teacher provides fewer portions in writing activities for the students in class. In addition, the strategies used in the teaching and learning process are uninteresting because the students have to do the writing activities in under pressure. To answer the problems, a classroom action research is conducted. The teacher as a researcher works in planning the action, implementing the action, observing, and analyzing and reflecting the action. The subjects of the study are the second year students (X-IPA-1) of 2019/2020 academic year consisting of 40 students. The results shows that peer feedback obviously can improve the students’ ability in writing sentences and narrative paragraphs at the first year students of SMA Negeri 1 Balikpapan. It has been observed that the improvements are caused by the regular writing practice done by the students and the teacher’s response given to their writing. It becomes a sort of on going dialogue.
MENUMBUHKAN KARAKTER KREATIF DAN PEDULI MELALUI PROJECT BASED LEARNING PADA PEMBELAJARAN FISIKA
Authors: Khairunisa Dina
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menumbuhkan karakter kreatif dan peduli melalui implementasi model project based learning pada pembelajaran fisika di SMA Negeri 1 Dramaga kelas XII MIPA 5 tahun pelajaran 2019/2020. Implementasi model Project Based Learning dilakukan dengan memberikan pengalaman belajar kepada siswa untuk membuat produk yang bermanfaat bagi sesama dalam kehidupan sehari-hari yaitu berupa mainan anak yang menerapkan konsep listrik. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, penilaian hasil belajar pengetahuan dan keterampilan, dokumentasi, serta angket. Alat pengumpulan data berupa lembar observasi untuk mengamati tumbuhnya karakter kreatif dan peduli pada siswa dalam proses pembelajaran fisika, rubrik penilaian pengetahuan, rubrik penilaian keterampilan bentuk produk untuk menilai produk yang dihasilkan oleh siswa, dokumentasi berupa silabus dan RPP, serta angket yang berisi pertanyaan untuk melihat respon siswa terhadap proses pembelajaran fisika yang mengimplementasikan model project based learning. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) yang menggunakan 2 siklus pembelajaran yang terdiri dari 5 kali pertemuan pada siklus 1 yaitu pada kompetensi dasar listrik searah dan 5 kali pertemuan pada siklus 2 yaitu pada kompetensi dasar listrik statis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter kreatif dan peduli dapat tumbuh pada siswa melalui implementasi model Project Based Learning pada pembelajaran fisika.
Efectividad de esquemas de terapia respiratoria respecto a oxigenoterapia y estancia en lactantes con bronquiolitis
Authors: Navarro Dayana , Briceño Daniela
Published: April 2021

Introducción: La bronquiolitis está entre las principales causas de morbilidad en menores de 24 meses. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de los esquemas de terapia respiratoria respecto al tiempo de estancia hospitalaria y requerimiento de oxígeno en menores de 2 años, ingresados con bronquiolitis en el Hospital Metropolitano desde enero del 2014 a diciembre del 2019. Método: Estudio analítico retrospectivo, 546 pacientes con bronquiolitis y oxigenoterapia. El análisis univariado de variables cuantitativas se describió con media, el de variables cualitativas con frecuencias. Análisis inferencial realizado con ANOVA y prueba post-hoc de Bonferroni. Se consideró estadísticamente significativo p menor a 0,05. Resultados: 58,4% fueron de sexo masculino, la edad más frecuente fue de 29 días a 11 meses 29 días (70%), el período con mayor número de hospitalizaciones fue entre diciembre y mayo. El tiempo promedio de oxigenoterapia fue 1.03 días, la estancia hospitalaria 1.37 días, el principal agente etiológico fue el virus sincitial respiratorio (VSR) mediante inmunocromatografía (63,8%) y PCR (51%). El VSR prolonga la estancia hospitalaria y oxigenoterapia (p=0,001 y p=0,031). Los esquemas de terapia respiratoria: a) solución hipertónica, b) salbutamol más bromuro de ipratropio y c) salbutamol alternado con bromuro de ipratropio más salbutamol, se asociaron con menor estancia hospitalaria (1 a 3 días) (p=0.016). 28.8% de pacientes recibieron antibioticoterapia, evidenciándose prolongación del tiempo de estancia hospitalaria (p=0.000); los corticoides prolongaron la oxigenoterapia (p=0,004). Conclusión: emplear los tres esquemas descritos previamente, disminuye la estancia hospitalaria.
Malformación congénita de la vía aérea pulmonar. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Macías Zambrano Fabricio , Garzón Ávila Hugo , Vela Merino Daniela , Santamaría Andrea , Herdoíza Arroyo Lizette
Published: April 2021

El objetivo de este estudio es realizar una revisión de la Malformación Congénita Pulmonar a propósito del caso de un feto de una paciente de 34 años que cursaba su segunda gesta, cuyo diagnóstico se realizó a la semana 30 de gestación. Además se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de la patología y de casos similares.
Who are Hard-to-Reach energy users? Segments, barriers and approaches to engage them.
Authors: Ashby Kira , Rotmann Sea , Smith Jennifer , Mundaca Luis , Ambrose Aimee , Borelli Sherri , Talwar Manswi
Published: April 2021

Energy efficiency (EE) program administrators and policy makers have long encouraged the adoption of efficient technologies and conservation practices across all energy users and sectors. Energy users who haven’t yet participated in efficiency and conservation programs despite ongoing outreach are often referred to as “Hard-to-Reach” (HTR). These individuals or organizations can include, for instance, low income or rural audiences on the residential side and small businesses or building operators on the commercial side. More effectively engaging underserved and HTR audiences is key to ensuring everyone benefits equitably from efficiency and conservation interventions. In June 2019, energy efficiency, behavior change and HTR researchers, practitioners, and policy makers from five countries embarked on a 3-year project in partnership with the UserCentred Energy Systems Technology Collaboration Programme (Users TCP) by the International Energy Agency (IEA). The purpose of this effort is to characterize the diverse audience segments commonly referred to as HTR and to uncover the barriers and behavioral opportunities to more effectively engage them. This paper describes the first of these efforts. We have synthesized data from a global survey (N=110) and stakeholder interviews with 40+ energy efficiency experts striving to better understand and engage HTR in their respective countries. This paper provides initial insights from this data into how HTR energy users are defined across the world and which segments have been prioritized globally for focused outreach. The overarching goal is to use a standardized research process to inform and improve how energy efficiency, behavior change, and demand response programs targeting specific HTR audiences are designed, implemented and evaluated.
An Assessment of NGOs and Civil Societies Advantages and Disadvantages to Africans Post of the Independence Era
Authors: Wodajo Mengesha Robso , Tasențe Tănase , Gebretsadiq Teshale Aklilu
Published: April 2021

The aim of this paper is to identify the major advantages and disadvantages of NGOs and Civil Societies in the post independent Africa. A note I want to give is the terms 'advantages' and 'disadvantages' should be understood in a sense that the paper is not evaluating the works of NGOs and Civil Society Organizations but pinpointing their benefits and side-effects to Africa. For that reason, the terms advantages and disadvantages can be interchangeably used by ‘benefits’ and ‘side-effects’ respectively. Another case I want to notify is the types of NGOs and Civil Society Organizations/Civil Societies that will be discussed throughout the paper are the entities found at the international level; not the national or local ones. This is due to the fact that the NGOs and CSOs(which were/are steered by the Western Europe and the USA) at the international level had/have the lion's share influences in the Third World in general and Africa in particular.
Ultimately, although the topic of this paper is wide, it is presented in a short and precise volume, henceforth, all each of the advantages and disadvantages are not listed but few of them. So, I hope this small book will be used to produce a larger volume on the same topic.
Scientific research, current guidelines in the European Union and ethical issues
Authors: Pegiou Paraskevi , Kountoura Antonia , Emmanouil Stavros , Ziagkas Efthymios
Published: April 2021

Scientific Research is the main process of evolution of Science. Especially in the Healthcare Sector, the context in which the development of Scientific Research is possible marks both the Legal and the Ethical data of each era. For example, the limits of research, the interventions in Humans, the existence of standards and the continuous control of research data are some of the elements of the ongoing scientific study for the framework within which scientific research can be conducted. In the first part of the present paper, the current in the conduct of Scientific Research in the field of Health at the international level in the field of health are developed through a bibliographic review. The second part of the paper summarizes the rules of the European Union on Scientific Research in Health. Finally, the third part of the work mentions the Ethical issues that have been mentioned in the literature, regarding the conduct of Scientific Research in the Health Sector.
Changing University Students’ Mindset: From Job Seekers to Job Creators
Authors: Hartono Hartono
Published: April 2021

The government continues to encourage the growth of entrepreneurship in Indonesia. Currently, university graduates are generally more interested in becoming workers or employees than in creating jobs. Indonesia still needs around 4.75 million entrepreneurs. Data from the Ministry of Education and Culture shows that in general, college graduates are more interested in becoming job seekers than job creators. Therefore, universities have the responsibility to change the students’ mindset from wanting to become job seekers to job creators. This research is a qualitative study using the phenomenological approach. Data collection was carried out by means of semi structured interviews by selecting 20 students from private universities in Jakarta. The results of this study indicate that students’ mindset from job seekers to job creators cannot change without improvement of entrepreneurship education at universities. The students’ mindset must be changed from a fixed mindset to a growth mindset. Curricula and learning methods that are too theoretical must be transformed into learning that emphasizes practical elements and entrepreneurial mental development
Land artificialization, economic growth, and road insecurity: Theoretical improvements and empirical validation for the case of Algeria
Authors: Riadh Harizi
Published: April 2021

This paper applies the Kuznets (1955) curve approach to road traffic crashes in Algeria based on active population, motorization rate, income per capita, and land artificialization. It aims to establish a link between economic development and road safety by estimating the terms of quadratic equations related to the occurrence of traffic collisions. The results reveal that a link between economic development and road safety can be validated by two econometric specifications for the Kuznets curve (KC). Indeed, because economic conditions remained favorable, the Algerian economy reached its inflection point in 2011 and then entered the second phase of the KC. The increase in the level of economic development then in turn led to an improved road-safety situation in terms of lower mortality rates on the roads.
Small and Medium Enterprises: Importance for the Kosovo Economy
Authors: Loku Afrim , Loku Nadire , Baftiu Naim
Published: April 2021

This study aims to broaden the understanding of the importance of SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprises) for the economy of Kosovo, especially in terms of economic development, labor market and innovation. The study was conducted through analysis of documentary sources such as relevant reports of national and international institutions as well as relevant scientific papers. The scientific contribution of this study is theoretical and aims to help researchers of the field for an expanded understanding of SMEs over national economies. This study provides a concise framework of important elements on the economic impact of SMEs on Kosovo's economy. Examination of available data has shown that the SME sector plays a crucial role for the Kosovo economy. The key role of SMEs was emphasized in terms of overall value generated and the labor market while innovation remains a challenge to be addressed by stakeholders
Patrón de actividad de Chironectes minimus (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) en ecosistemas periurbanos (Valle de Aburrá-Colombia), con anotaciones sobre su distribución altitudinal
Authors: Arias-Alzate Andrés , Obando Juan Manuel , Mora Juan José , Botero-Correa Camilo , Arias-Gil John J. , Delgado-V Carlos A.
Published: April 2021

La Chucha de Agua, Chironectes minimus, es quizás uno de los marsupiales más crípticos en el Neotrópico. A pesar de que cuenta con registros puntuales sobre su presencia a lo largo de su distribución, sus reportes son escasos en ecosistemas circundantes a zonas periurbanas. Aquí reportamos una nueva localidad de presencia para la especie al suroriente del Valle de Aburrá, Antioquia, Colombia. A partir de análisis de los patrones actividad, se identificó que la especie presentó una tendencia nocturna, principalmente entre las 19h00 y las 00h00. Con respecto a la revisión y sobre su distribución altitudinal, a pesar de que existen registros a diferentes intervalos altitudinales, los registros sobre los 2.000 msnm son escasos. Reportamos un registro a 2.660 msnm y corroboramos uno a 2.562 msnm en el área de estudio. Igualmente, a partir de la revisión resaltamos el registro de mayor altitud a 2.800 msnm el cual ampliaría su rango actual.
Contributions of Dr. Anis Khurshid to Library Literature: A Bibliometric Study
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Rehman Shafiq ur
Published: April 2021

Professor Dr. Anis Khurshid died on 4th January 2008. He got the Pride of Performance Award by the President of Pakistan in recognition of his great achievements in the field of librarianship. He was the most prolific writer in the country. This paper presents a bibliometric analysis of his contributions towards library literature. Till his death he wrote or edited 21 books, 94 periodical articles, 40 part publications and 27 reports & proposals. In total, 182 items, produced during the period of 47 years have been analyzed. The Bibliometric analysis includes: year and type of publication wise distribution of the items; published and unpublished items; language wise division; single and multiple authorship; distribution of pages produced; and periodical wise distribution of articles. Subject keywords in titles of the items have also been enlisted and analyzed. This study is the first of this kind (bio-bibliometric analysis) in Pakistan.
Youth geological movement as a factor of staff formation within the Russian geological industry
Authors: Orlov Viktor , Kiselev Evgeny , Morozov Andrey , Farrakhov Evgeny , Germakhanov Aslambek , Chernykh Alexander , Sidorova Evgeniya , Shumkova Vera , Grigorovich Valery , Golikov Stanislav , Svetlana Valentinovna
Published: April 2021

The paper reviews the background of the Russian youth movement. Succession of children’s and school education in geosciences for over 150 years is shown. For the past 55 years, the Russian geological olympiad of young geologists has been among the most significant events to improve geological education level in school, share experience and promote geological job. Features of organization, holding, judging and team participation in the Russian young geologist olympiads at the current stage are characterized. It's shown the important role played by Rosnedra, ROSGEO and teachers of numerous young geologist clubs in providing school students with ideas of geologist work features and basic geological knowledge for national economy development. Program features and results of the latest XII young geologist olympiad are presented. Information is provided on the most prominent young geologist schools from Perm, Chelyabinsk, Moscow, Krasnoyarsk and other cities
Main nonfuel mineral exploration results in 2020 and planned activities for 2021
Authors: Aksenov Sergei
Published: April 2021

The most significant aspects of nonfuel mineral base reproduction in the period under review are characterized.
A generalization of interval-valued optimization problems and optimality conditions by using scalarization and subdifferentials
Authors:   Dept. of Mathematics, Karabük University, Faculty of Science, Karabük, Turkey, Karaman Emrah
Published: April 2021

In this work, interval-valued optimization problems are considered. The ordering cone is used to generalize the interval-valued optimization problems on real topological vector spaces. Some definitions and their properties are obtained for intervals, defined via an ordering cone. Gerstewitz's function is used to derive scalarization for the interval-valued optimization problems. Also, two subdifferentials for interval-valued functions are introduced by using subgradients. Some necessary optimality conditions are obtained via subdifferentials and scalarization. An example is given to demonstrate the results.
Evaluation and performance comparison of a model for adoption of biometrics in online banking
Authors:   Dept. of Information Science College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait, N Al-Janahi , M Abd-El-Barr ,   Dept. of Information Science College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait, K Qureshi ,   Dept. of Information Science College of Life Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait
Published: April 2021

The research started by developing a model for measuring the customers’ acceptance of biometrics adoption in online banking in Kuwait. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed through SurveyMonkey.com platform. A total of 500 invitations were sent and 302 valid responses were received. The data was analysed using SPSS software tool, version 22. Analyses such as descriptive, correlation, regression, t-test and one-way ANOVA were conducted on the collected data to test their relationships and significance. The results revealed that self-efficacy, perceived behavioural control, reliability, appearance, support, content, safety and privacy are important parameters that need to be carefully addressed by the bank management while considering adoption of Biometrics in online banking in Kuwait. Bank management need also to ensure that the intended biometric system is easy to use, that it provides the expected usefulness, and that it ensures high level of convenience and that it earns (secures) customers’ trust and satisfaction.
Corrosion inhibition of iron in chloride media by the aqueous extract of Curcuma longa rhizome powder
Authors:   University of Tunis El Manar, Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies, El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia, AbidlI Imen , Souissi Nébil ,   University of Tunis El Manar, Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies, El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia, Novoa X. Ramón ,   University of Vigo, School of Industrial Engineering, Vigo, Galicia, Spain
Published: April 2021

The effect of the aqueous extract of Curcuma Longa Rhizome Powder and their main constituents involve phenolic compounds, as an iron corrosion inhibitor in 0.1 M NaCl solution was tested. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was employed as the main experimental technique to assess the electrochemical behavior of iron in different concentrations of Curcuma extract. EIS revealed an increase of the charge transfer resistance with increasing inhibitor concentration. The temperature and immersion time effects on the corrosion behavior of iron without and with the extract of Curcuma were also studied. The inhibition action of the extract was discussed in view of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.
Efficient synthesis of Triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-7-carbonitriles and Imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitriles using Triethylorthoalkylates and their structural characterisation by Single-crystal x-ray diffraction
Authors:   Dept. of Chemistry, Kuwait University P. O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait, Al-Azmi Amal , Vinodh Mickey ,   Dept. of Chemistry, Kuwait University P. O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait
Published: April 2021

Cyclisation of 5-amino-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carbimidoyl cyanide and 3-amino-3-((Z)-2-cyano-2-phenylvinylamino)maleonitrile using either triethyl orthoformate or triethyl orthopropionate in dimethylformamide (DMF):1,4-dioxane (1:1 v/v) mixture under reflux conditions afforded 5-alkyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-7-carbonitriles and (Z)-1-(2-cyano-2-phenylvinyl)-2-alkyl-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitriles, respectively, in moderate to good yields. The structures of these novel compounds were confirmed with 1H/13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR), and high-resolution mass spectroscopic methods. Two representative compounds from these molecules, namely 5-ethyl-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-3H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-7-carbonitrile and (Z)-1-(2-cyano-2-phenylvinyl)-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile, were further analysed by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. A comprehensive study of structural features and intermolecular interactions present among these heterocyclic compounds was carried out. The crystal data were further examined by a Hirshfeld surface analysis, which provided qualitative and quantitative information on various intermolecular interactions experienced within the crystal network.
A Study on the Prevalence of Psychological Impact During the COVID19 Pandemic
Authors: Gupta Srikant
Published: April 2021

Purpose-COVID-19 caused a great deal of anxiety across the world. In addition to the apparent clinical effects in patients contaminated with it, general mental wellbeing has been severely affected. India implemented a lockdown, like other nations, to control and restrict spread of corona virus. Current research aims to address the psychological impact among Indians caused due to preventive measures suggested by WHO.
Design/methodology/approach- An online based survey of questions on psychological
impact has been carried out among two thousands adult populations. A multi-criteria decision making approach along with statistical analysis have been used to evaluate the data.
Findings- Despite the current situation, stress, anxiety, and depression were found to be in normal ranges for mental health among the individuals highlighting their capabilities to remain normal in times of COVID-19.
Limitations/implications- Firstly, the sample size was very limited in some categories.
Secondly, online Google-forms is used by researchers to gather data that avoids a wider
segment of the population, that have no internet, and also particularly underprivileged
people.
Practical implications- Taking the results of this study into account, it is necessary to
develop time-based strategies and enforce national surveillance plans that will better control the outbreak and encourage public mental health in the face of COVID-19 induced psychological difficulties.
Originality/value- This article is amongst the first to focus on the link between the multicriteria decision making and statistical analysis
Authentic Leaders for an Engaged and Satisfied Workforce: An Evidence from
India
Authors: Sharma Naman , Gautam Omvir , Agrawal Pooja
Published: April 2021

Purpose-Although there has been a considerable increase in studies undertaken on the
issues and impact of authentic leadership, the limited focus has been given to such studies in Asia (in particular, India). The study inspects the influence that authentic leaders command on the engagement levels and job satisfaction of the Indian workforce.
Design/Methodology/Approach - 213 restaurant employees from north India were included in the study. Structured questionnaires were distributed, and hierarchical regression was administered for higher-order analysis of the data obtained.
Findings - Results indicate a healthy and favorable relationship among the three variables authentic leadership style, job satisfaction, and employee engagement for the Indian restaurant employees.
Implications -The findings of the current study will help Indian organizations enhance
engagement levels and increase the employees' job satisfaction. Positivity in a leader may also affect the retention of talented workforce for an organization.
Originality/Value - The study explores the possibility of authentic leadership in India. It
explains the contribution of authentic leadership towards having an engaged workforce and towards enhancing their job satisfaction.
Novel Magnetically Hollowsphere Zn-Doped Magnetite for the Efficient Photo-Reduction of Cr(VI)
Authors: Nguyen Sang , Phuong  , Vo Tung
Published: April 2021

Uniform and magnetic recyclable hollowsphere Zn doped Fe3O4 were successfully synthesized via simple one-pot solvothermal route. Morphology and structure of as-obtained products was characterized by XRD, SEM, HRTEM methods. The Zn-doped Fe3O4 hollowsphere exhibited high photocatalytic activity for degradation of hexavalent chromium under visible light irradiation. The effects of reaction conditions such as initial pH, photocatalyst dosage and hexavalent chromium contratentation were also studied systematically. The stability of the catalysts and and possible catalytic mechanism was also proposed. The results indicate that Zn doped Fe3O4 can be promising catalyst for photo-reduction of hexavalent chromium.