bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fibrous Dysplasia - A Rare Case Presentation
Authors: Bhosale Alisha , Upase Pooja , Choudhary Joshna
Published: June 2024

A developmental benign medullary fibro-osseous process known as fibrous dysplasia (FD) is typified by the failure to create mature lamellar bone and a stoppage as woven bone, which may be multifocal. Fibrous dysplasia is a rare condition that can affect people of any age in both adults and children. Typically, young adults and children receive the initial diagnosis. Although the actual frequency is unknown, it is thought to account for about 5% of benign bone lesions. This exercise looks at how fibrous dysplasia should be evaluated and emphasizes the need of a multidisciplinary approach in providing care for people with this illness.

Keywords: fibrous dysplasia, craniofacial fibrous dysplasia, maxilla.
An Approach to Goldie Extending Modules on the Class of Cyclic Submodules
Authors: Abdallah Shihadeh
Published: June 2024

In this article, we provide a class of modules that is comparable to -extending and -extending modules. We specify what a module M is as -extending if and only if for each cyclic submodule A of M, there exists a direct summand D of M such that A  is essential in both A and D. We look into -extending modules and locate this inference between the other extending properties. We present some of characterizations of -extending condition. We show that the direct sum of -extending need not be -extending and deal with decompositions for -extending concept."
Drought Analysis and Forecasting in Odisha using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Neena Uthaman
Published: June 2024

Drought is a natural phenomenon that damages agricultural land severely. The severity of drought must be reduced to decrease its impact on agricultural productivity. The study of drought was carried out for the state Odisha which experienced drought 8 times during the last 20 years due to failure of monsoon. Analysis for the data was explored by explorative analysis.The drought forecasting was carried out using machine learning techniques like the Auto-regressive model (AR), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) using daily rainfall data collected for 28 years (1993-2020). Further using this data each district was categorised into four different categories namely Flood (FL), No Drought (ND), Moderate Drought (MD), and Severe Drought (SD). To classify the districts after forecasting, classification models were used like Support Vector Classifier (SVC) and Naïve Bayes. The results of the forecasting model as well as the classification model were compared. It becomes important to forecast drought for proper planning and management of the water resource system to decrease the damage due to such calamities. This study is valuable for the government, farmers, and other stakeholders to understand the pattern and reason behind the severity of drought to take relevant precautionary measures and improve decisions and facilities to tackle such natural calamities.
Cost Analysis Approach-the M^x/M/1 Queues with Working Breakdowns and Interruptions
Authors: B. Deepa
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we have studied the steady-state analysis of single-server Markovian bulk arrival queueing systems with working breakdowns and interruptions. For this model, the probability-generating functions of the system size distributions in steady state are obtained. Various important characteristics of the model, like the expected number of customers in the system, the expected waiting time of a customer in the system, etc., are derived. In steady state, we have discussed some important performance measures of the system and provided some numerical examples to show that our results are computationally tractable. The suitability of the model is tested in a cost optimization issue where the mean number of customers is optimized by reducing the average cost per unit hour using a direct search technique.
Survey on Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Rapid Data Collection
Authors: M. Rajalakshmi
Published: June 2024

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are widely used in various applications such as environmental monitoring, healthcare, and business automation. These networks rely on the integration of sensors to collect data quickly. However, operating WSNs efficiently, especially in scenarios where quick and reliable data acquisition is crucial, faces significant challenges due to the limited power resources of sensor nodes. This survey paper provides a detailed review of current methodologies and techniques focused on improving energy efficiency in WSNs for fast data collection. It begins by discussing the basic concepts of wireless sensor networks, highlighting the important role sensors play in gathering accurate information. Afterwards, the paper provides a summary of the issues surrounding power usage, underscoring the importance of creative solutions to prolong the network's longevity. An extensive section of the study delves into various energy-efficient protocols and algorithms aimed at improving data collection in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The paper classifies these approaches according to their strategies for forming clusters, communication protocols, and optimization algorithms.
Fuzzy Soft Set Applications Explored in W-Algebras
Authors: M. Indhumathi
Published: June 2024

Fuzzy soft set theory in Wajsberg algebras (W-algebras) is presented in this paper and its application to a problem of decision making is illustrated. We first introduce the notion of fuzzy soft ideals (fs-ideals) and then analyse some of the associated characteristics.
Cross-Entropy Assisted Optimization Technique for High Utility Itemset Mining from the Transactional Database
Authors: V. Jeevika Tharini
Published: June 2024

High Utility Itemset Mining (HUIM) is the process of discovering profitable itemsets in a transactional database with a high utility or profit range. This technique is mainly used to unearth the prominent patterns and insights from large volumes of data. The main goal of HUIM is to utilize optimization techniques that improve the efficiency of mining operations. This research article introduces a Genetic Algorithm (GA) integrated Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA) based on the HUIM technique, which is efficient due to its exploitation and exploration ability. This incorporation intends to address the issue of early convergence in itemset mining, and Cross Entropy (CE) act as a genetic operator, which enhances the efficiency of the mining operation. The technique effectively perceives High Utility Itemsets (HUIs) within a significantly reduced duration of 16723 ms, accomplishing optimal outcomes. The strategy effectively reduces the likelihood of premature convergence and showcases exceptional efficiency, as seen by the successful retrieval of 3432 optimized itemsets. The suggested hybrid GA-BFA approach effectively addresses problems in itemset mining by achieving high-quality results in a small amount of time. The implementational outcomes of the proposed Hybridized Cross Entropy Assisted Genetic algorithm with Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (HCEG-BFA) are compared with existing state-of-art techniques where the HCEG-BFA outperforms existing state-of-art techniques.
Mathematical Analysis of Existing Techniques for Ethereum Smart Contract Vulnerability Detection
Authors: Saltanat Mohammed Abdullah Shaikh
Published: June 2024

Background: Research has been done on the vulnerabilities of Ethereum smart contract detection since the emergence of blockchain technologies. Ethereum is one of the most popular platforms for DApps (decentralized  applications) and smart contracts but turns more undoubtedly when their number and popularity grow. Methods: The study evaluates different detection methods including static analysis, dynamic code analysis, symbolic execution, and machine learning. Findings: The performance metrics on key areas, e.g. detection time, true positive rate, false positive rate, and scalability are emphasized in this evaluation analysis. These inferences imply that although Static Analysis can provide fast detection and high accuracy, Machine Learning is better at High scalability. The study also identifies trending flaws often encountered such as re-entrancy attacks and lack of input validation and stresses further the necessity of strong security methods. Besides, you may consider the sensitivity analysis in different network load scenarios as it shows the efficiency of detection technique in changing operational settings. Novelty and applications: Overall, the research brings a reliable development to smart contracts in Ethereum's security industries through analyzing and profiling vulnerability types and performance metrics that inform the development of more stable and efficient security activities for distributed applications.
Two-Dimensional Viscous, Steady, 2-D Nanofluid Flow Past a Permeable Stretching Sheet in Presence of Magnetic Field, Soret and Dufour Effects
Authors: Ch. Janaiah
Published: June 2024

This project aims to investigate the interaction between thermal and magnetic fields under stretching conditions. By employing concentration and energy equations, we aim to scrutinize the thermo-diffraction effect. Additionally, we plan to integrate other factors such as fluid injection and suction. Solving boundary layer equations will be facilitated using the Runge-Kutta method. Through graphical representations, we aim to illustrate how various parameters influence temperature, concentration profiles, and velocity. Our findings will be communicated using Sherwood, Nusselt, and skin-friction coefficients. The consistency between our results and previous research underscores the importance of this study in advancing nanotechnology.
The Markovian Batch Arrival Queue with Differentiated Vacation
Authors: K. Vijaya
Published: June 2024

A Poisson Batch Arrival Queueing Model with a single server taking two different vacations at various rates is being considered for the study. The probability generating function method of the different states is considered for deriving the various performance measures of the states; numerical cases and cost studies are also extended.
Subclass of Analytic Functions Associated with Differential Operator
Authors: Katterapalle Sridevi
Published: June 2024

Introduction: : In this work, we introduce and investigate a new class  of analytic functions in the open unit disc  with negative coefficients. The object of the present paper is to determine coefficient estimates, neighborhoods and partial sums for functions  belonging to this class.
Vague Strong Implicative Filters of Lattice Wajsberg Algebras
Authors: Praveen Vardhan Kuppili
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we introduce the notation of a vague strong implicative filter of lattice wajsberg algebra. Also, we investigate some of its properties with illustrations. Further, we obtain the relation between vague implicative filter and anti vague strong implicative filter In lattice wajssberg algebra. Finally, we establish the equivalent condition of a vague strong implicative filter.
Optimizing Inventory Management for Perishable Goods: Managing Exponential Demand Variations, Stable Holding Charges, and Partial Backlog Handling
Authors: S. Ramya
Published: June 2024

In the ever-evolving landscape of modern business, adept inventory management stands as a cornerstone of competitiveness and profitability. This research unveils a tailored inventory optimization model designed for perishable goods, accounting for critical factors including exponential time-varying demand, consistent holding costs, and partial backlog management. The model's objective is to find an equilibrium, optimizing inventory expenses while maintaining sufficient stock to fulfil customer needs. By incorporating these key elements, businesses can enhance their inventory management strategies to adapt to changing market conditions and improve overall operational efficiency. Through analytical insights and numerical simulations, this research provides valuable guidance for decision-makers in optimizing inventory policies for perishable goods.
Determination of Continuous Deterioration Level due to Changing Demand Rates in Inventory
Authors: Quazzafi Rabbani
Published: June 2024

A significant portion of the retail sector deals with products whose freshness deteriorates with time and lowers demand at the same price. Later, when it is normal to offer a discount to stimulate sales, the item may start to deteriorate. If chosen wisely, inventory management could have numerous advantages for the retailer.
The demand rates are changing with and without shortages of the products. This served as an inspiration for creating and analysing an inventory model in which the demand for a degrading product is first driven solely by its selling price and then by its level of freshness. For an inventory model with lost sales shortage, researchers consider general deterioration distribution and general demand function. It is demonstrated that net profit is a conditionally concave function of discount and a concave function of the period with positive inventory. Significant management insights gained from sensitivity analysis indicate that certain policies run opposed to those that merchants often implement, while others align with popular practices.
In this study, a brief introduction will be provided where the guidelines will be applied to manage inventory and keep up the quality of the products so that the demand rate is satisfied. The research will focus on the problems of the deterioration of Inventory with and without shortages and Different Demand rates. The chosen methodology will be a mixed approach with primary qualitative and secondary qualitative data analysis. The research finds out that meeting customer demand and maintaining product stock is possible by applying a quick functioning inventory control system. The research has also given recommendations on maximising the profit function and control inventories while keeping them at optimum level.
Analisis Kecerdasan emosional, etika kerja Islami dan disiplin kerja terhadap peningkatan kinerja karyawan pada CV Cita Nasional Salatiga dengan komunikasi sebagai variabel moderasi
Authors: Khofifah Nor , Setiawan Ari
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to determine the effect of emotional intelligence, Islamic work ethic, and work discipline on employee performance, with communication as a moderating variable. This study uses quantitative research. With a population of employees at CV Cita Nasional Salatiga, the sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling, totaling 55 respondents. The analytical tool used is regression analysis using multiple linear regression. The results of statistical tests show that emotional intelligence, Islamic work ethic, and work discipline have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Then, partially, emotional intelligence and Islamic work ethic do not affect employee performance, while work discipline has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Communication can strengthen the influence of emotional intelligence, Islamic work ethic, and work discipline on employee performance.
The influence of job stress, job demands, and motivation on job satisfaction of Bantul Community Health Center Employees II
Authors: Dewi Yunita , Armono R. Drajat , Fatimah Fatia
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine how Bantul II Community Health Center employees' motivation, job demands, and work stress affect their job satisfaction. This study is conducted using a quantitative method. The study involves verification research, which tests current hypotheses to support or contradict earlier findings. This research was attended by 45 respondents from the Bantul II Community Health Center, which used a total sample method. A Likert scale questionnaire served as the study instrument, and multiple linear regression analysis was employed to analyze the data. The impact of work-related stress on Bantul II Community Health Center employees' job satisfaction is unfavorable and substantial. The work obligations placed on Bantul II Community Health Center personnel favorably and considerably impact their job happiness. Bantul II Community Health Center employees report higher levels of work satisfaction when they are motivated. The factors that concurrently impact the job happiness of Bantul II Community Health Center personnel are work stress, job demands, and motivation.
Implementasi strategi human capital (HC) pada Pusdiklat Penanggulangan Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Yuliastini Dewi , Haryanto Arie , Djuanita Maharani Kinanti , Hamdi Edi , Negoro Dimas Angga
Published: June 2024

Human capital is a crucial element within organizations that reflects their individual competencies, which include knowledge, expertise, ability, and skill. This study aims to analyze the human capital strategies implemented by Pusdiklat Penanggulangan Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta, which is striving for autonomy as a Regional Public Service Agency (BLUD). This study employs a qualitative approach with descriptive methods to systematically and accurately depict various phenomena related to the implementation of human capital strategies. The research results indicate that this Training and Education Center is still in the Grow and Build stage, so the main focus of the human capital strategy is on improving the competence and quality of human resources. Several strategies implemented include the development of E-Learning or Learning Management Systems (LMS), engaging and effective internal training programs, and external training such as seminars, workshops, and continuing education. Additionally, recruitment strategies, strengthening organizational culture, and career development are also essential parts of supporting the enhancement of human resource competencies.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Roda Putar terhadap Minat dan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas V pada Mata Pelajaran Matematika di UPTD SDN Pejagan 4
Authors: Faradila Febryana Indah , Pratiwi Siska
Published: June 2024

Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh dari variable X yakni penggunaan media pembelajaran roda putar terhadap variabel Y yaitu minat dan hasil belajar siswa kelas V dalam mata pelajaran matematika di UPTD SDN Pejagan 4. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain eksperimen one group pretest - posttest, dengan jumlah subjek sebanyak 22 siswa. Pada fase awal, instrumen untuk pengujiannya menggunakan angket dan tes untuk melihat minat dan hasil belajar dari siswa. Selanjutnya pengolahan data eksperimen pada penelitian ini menggunakan paired sample t-test dan memperlihatkan perbedaan hasil yang signifikan yakni peningkatan hasil dan minat belajar siswa setelah perlakuan (nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05). Pada uji selanjutnya yakni uji Manova, menegaskan bahwa penggunaan media pembelajaran ini memiliki dampak positif dari variabel X terhadap variabel Y. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menyarankan pentingnya integrasi media pembelajaran inovatif dalam pembelajaran matematika untuk meningkatkan partisipasi dan pencapaian akademik siswa.
Comportamiento Infantil en Odontopediatría: Estrategias de Manejo Odontológico
Authors:   Sarmiento Jaya 2      1 Docente de la Universidad Hemisferios, Quito 170147, Ecuador., Collantes Acuña Jenny Edith , Ortiz Leones Emily Alejandra ,   Universidad Hemisferios, Quito 170147, Ecuador., Ruiz Cabrisa Mairim ,   Universidad Hemisferios, Quito 170147, Ecuador., Sarmiento Jaya Alexis Dario ,   Universidad Hemisferios, Quito 170147, Ecuador.
Published: June 2024

: El manejo del comportamiento infantil en odontopediatría es esencial para la eficacia del tratamiento dental y la experiencia positiva del paciente. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar la efectividad de las distintas estrategias empleadas para el manejo del comportamiento infantil durante la visita odontológica a través de una revisión de la literatura publicada entre 2019 y 2024 en las bases de datos PubMed y SciELO. Los resultados de la revisión de 25 artículos se identificaron que los estilos de crianza y la participación parental influyen en el comportamiento infantil durante las consultas odontológicas. Técnicas como la distracción audiovisual, la sedación consciente con midazolam y óxido nitroso, y la musicoterapia son efectivas para reducir la ansiedad. La técnica de "Decir-Mostrar-Hacer" también mostró ser eficaz para manejar el comportamiento infantil. La realidad virtual y las aplicaciones móviles emergen como herramientas prometedoras para el manejo del comportamiento. En conclusión, la combinación de técnicas de comunicación, distracción y manejo conductual no farmacológico, adaptadas al contexto familiar y las características del niño, mejora su comportamiento en odontopediatría. Comprender los estilos de crianza permite a los odontopediatras ofrecer atención dental efectiva, segura y reduce la ansiedad en las visitas al dentista.
Echoes of Understanding: An In-Depth Exploration of Autism Awareness and Community Support Initia
Authors: Beigh Saba , Mohammed Alzahrani Shaima , Fahad Nouf , Ahmed Alghamdi Yara , Jabbar Alanoud , Babiker Wisal AM , Alshehri Mohammed Ali , Abdalla Elawad Bahiga , Mohammed Nour Leila , Morsy Ahmad Rabab
Published: June 2024

This research delves into Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social interaction challenges, communication difficulties, and repetitive behaviors. This study evaluates levels of ASD awareness, emphasizing the crucial role of knowledge dissemination in the absence of definitive diagnostic tools. The study involved 1752 participants, primarily females (90.8%), aged 15-25 (61.7%), and single (35.4%). The majority had a bachelor's degree (69.1%) and were employed outside healthcare (59.8%), with an income of ≥ 5000 SAR/month (43.7%). Only 6.2% acknowledged family autism links. Findings revealed that 75.9% exhibited weak ASD knowledge, with notable gender differences. Females generally displayed lower ASD knowledge levels, while marital status, employment, and education level did not significantly impact awareness. Participants' familiarity with ASD ranged from 12.4% to 79%, with the internet and social media being prominent information sources (67.15%). Despite varying levels of awareness, certain aspects of ASD, such as its neurological origin and communication deficits, were relatively well-understood. Regarding caregiving, education, and advocacy, a majority supported government funding for specialized services in preschools (71.1%) and endorsed integrating autistic children into mainstream schools (62.5%). Awareness of autism care approaches varied, with behavioral management perceived as the most effective (35.9%). However, there was limited awareness of other interventions such as Occupational Therapy and Nutritional Therapy. In conclusion, the study identified significant deficits in ASD awareness among participants, emphasizing the need for targeted educational campaigns and increased governmental support for preschool education and resources catering to individuals with special needs.
Hygrothermal Performance of Roofs with High Initial Construction Moisture Subjected to Hot Climate
Authors: Saber Hamed H.
Published: June 2024

Moisture accumulation in the building components/assemblies that form building envelopes can lead to material deterioration and moisture related issues such as mould growth. As a part of the building envelope, this study focusses on assessing the moisture performance and energy performance (i.e., hygrothermal performance) of roofing systems. As roofs can be built with high initial construction moisture, numerical simulations were conducted with and without high initial construction moisture in order to investigate: (a) the hygrothermal performance of cool and black roofs having material layer with high initial construction moisture content, (b) the time needed so that the moisture content reaches acceptable level as per the building code requirements, (c) whether moisture accumulation and mould growth occur in the roofs, and (d) the energy savings as a result of installing white/cool roof instead of black roof. An advanced numerical model is used to conduct the numerical simulations for black and cool roofs when they are subjected to hot climate. This model solves simultaneously the Heat, Air and Moisture (HAM) transport equations in all layers of the building assemblies. The model was extensively validated by comparing its predictions with the experimental data of different building components at various operating conditions. For the roofing systems investigated in this paper, the results showed that mould growth occurred in the black and cool roofs only for the case with high initial construction moisture. The mould has totally disappeared after 378.8 day for the black roof and 479.3 day for the cool roof. The temperatures of the cool roof were much lower than those for the black roof. The total yearly energy load with the black roof was 77% greater than that with the cool roof.
A comprehensive Analysis of the Application of GIS and RS Technologies in Flood Prediction and Risk Assessment, with a Focus on Wadi Baysh Dam in the Jazan region. KSA
Authors: Abdelgiom Mahmoud Abdelrahim
Published: June 2024

This study uses GIS spatial analysis and open-source data based on flood hazards formulas to provide a thorough analysis and forecast of floods using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS).

The Wadi Baysh Dam overflowed with water in 2016 as a result of the torrential downpour that hit the dam, its streams, and the surrounding surroundings results the increasing the storage capacity. In terms of water reserves, it is the dam that is thought to be the biggest in the Kingdom. Some settlements in Baysh, which are under siege since their highways are blocked off, suffered greatly as a result of flooding. However the storage capacity of Wadi Baysh Dam around 200 million cubic meters of water.

In order to identify the actual Wadi Baysh flood-vulnerable area, this study combined data from remote sensing, the Geographic Information System (GIS) technique, and an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) computation.

The investigation was carried out to determine the viability of using remote sensing open-source data,basemap of the study area andArcGIS10.4 software in Wadi Baysh risk management.

Slope (10%), height (15%), drainage density (20%), distance to stream (20%), rainfall intensity (25%), and land cover (10%) all have a proportion of relative weight that determines how flooding is analyzed.

As a result of the most recent GIS analysis (weighted overlay approach), five zones are identified within the extracted flood region based on the categories of hazard. There are ten blocks in all—five in a high-risk area and five in a moderately dangerous one.

The paper looks at the flood risk in Wadi Baysh using a combination and integration betweenremote sensing opensources data and GIS models. High precipitation and runoff in the dam’s downstream sections will be the main cause of difficulties, causing a great deal of death and destruction to agricultural and urban areas. Eventually, a control room connected to the GIS model and remote sensing devices will be needed in this valley to implement an efficient warning system and flood hazard management system.
Efficient And Accurate Technique For Improving ML Classifier Performance Using Feature Selection In Phishing Website Prediction
Authors: Awasthi Anjaneya , Goel Noopur
Published: June 2024

Due to cyberattacks and various strategies, phishing websites are a problem on the Internet. One of these cyberattacks is phishing, in which the attacker pretends to be a trusted party to get sensitive and confidential information. Blacklisting, heuristic search, and visual similarity are just a few of the anti-phishing strategies that have been used to identify fraudulent activity. Machine learning (ML) techniques appear to be a beacon in the gloom of phishing websites, in contrast to these traditional methods, which take a long time to detect and have a high false rate. By introducing a novel features selection method in this article, it is possible to extract highly correlated features from datasets, thereby increasing the accuracy of classifiers over all features. Eight classifiers—Support vector machine (SVM kernel linear and rbf), Logistic regression (LR), Random forest (RF), Adaboost, Decision tree (DT), K-nearest neighbor (k-NN), and Gradient boosting (GBC)—as well as six feature selection techniques (Pearson, Chi-2, RFE, Logistics, Random Forest, and LightGBM) are used on phishing dataset with all features and feature selection methods. Comparing the results, it came to the conclusion that the random forest classifier and feature selection using the Chi-2 method have the potential to improve the model's accuracy. The accuracy of the proposed model reached as high as 96.99%.
The Economic Development and Level of Poverty in Cambodia
Authors: Ratana Eng H.E. Prof. Dr. , Lim Siphat
Published: June 2024

The assessment of a country's development is not solely based on the income level of its individuals, but can also be gauged by considering two other key indicators: life expectancy and educational development. In the period spanning from 2015 to 2021, there has been a noticeable increase in Cambodian income, life expectancy, and education levels, indicating an overall improvement in the country's development status. The current number of individuals living in poverty stands at around 4.7 million, with approximately 4.3 million residing in rural areas and 0.4 million in urban areas. Nevertheless, over the span of ten years, there has been a noteworthy decline in the number of people below the poverty line, resulting in a reduction of 40.43%. The decrease in numbers has reduced the total nationwide count to 2.8 million people, with 2.2 million residing in rural regions and 0.6 million in urban areas. Consequently, 1.9 million individuals have successfully escaped poverty, indicating significant advancement. It should be emphasized that this impressive development could not have been achieved without continuous economic expansion. Cambodia has maintained an average economic growth rate of 7.7 percent for twenty years.
The Evolution and Devolution of the Offer to make Amends Regime in Australian Defamation Law
Authors: Douglas Michael , Graville Catherine , Carroll Robyn
Published: June 2024

This article considers the development of the offer to make amends regime in Australian defamation law. It traces the evolution of the regime from the United Kingdom provisions that inspired piecemeal reform in Australia; to the 2005 model achieved by the so-called ‘Uniform Defamation Acts’; to the model created by 2021 amendments to the Model Defamation Provisions, now in force throughout much of Australia, which has altered the balance of the 2005 regime. While much of this development manifested an increasing concern by legislators to encourage parties to defamation disputes to resolve their differences without litigation, the 2021 amendments are perhaps distinguishable. This article analyses the new regime, arguing that it may lead to the protraction of defamation disputes and undermine the objects of the Uniform Defamation Acts.
Correcting the Manifest that is the Approach to Manifest Error in Sentencing Appeals
Authors: Anderson John , Bagaric Mirko , Murphy Brendon
Published: June 2024

Manifest error is the most common appeal ground for sentencing decisions. It is also the most obscure. The courts have held that the ground does not admit of much argument and that no great assistance can be derived from decisions in other cases. This approach is misguided and has resulted in a high degree of unpredictability. Logically, in order to conclude that a sentence is too harsh or too lenient, it is necessary to have a mathematical reference point. A coherent approach to manifest error appeals requires courts to base their decisions on statistical information regarding sentencing ranges for the offence in question and to make comparisons with specific cases. The approach suggested in this article to manifest error appeals would make decisions in sentencing appeals more predictable and enable appeal courts to provide clearer guidance to lower courts regarding appropriate sentencing outcomes.
Reparations and First Nations’ Legal Rights in Australia
Authors: Butchers Bethany , Linder Dani , Maguire Amy
Published: June 2024

This article explores concepts of loss and reparations under the Australian legal system, examining whether either conceptualisation adequately attends to First Nations’ experiences of intangible loss. Using two case studies – the Stolen Generations and dust disease – this article critiques the typical approaches taken by the Australian legal system in response to injustices inflicted on First Nations Peoples. This article advocates for the Australian legal system to approach reparations and compensation by centring intangible loss. This will allow for a framework to be developed that can cater for First Nations’ distinctive experiences of loss, in contrast to the current system which has limited consideration and understanding of such experiences and losses.
Voice versus Rights: The First Nations Voice and the Australian Constitutional Legitimacy Crisis
Authors: Appleby Gabrielle , Levy Ron , Whalan Helen
Published: June 2024

For almost three decades, Australia has been locked in a public and political debate about whether and how to ‘recognise’ Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in the Australian Constitution. Omnipresent in these debates is the question of sovereignty, over which there is ongoing disagreement, leading to a chronic crisis of legitimacy. In this article, we compare the two substantive recognition reform options that have dominated the contemporary debate: rights and Voice. Recognition through a First Nations Voice is a proposal that, unlike rights, relies on both deliberative and democratic characteristics to address Australia’s legitimacy problems. We identify this as a key reason animating calls for a Voice from First Nations themselves. The Voice, operating as a vehicle through which First Nations can speak directly to the Parliament, has the potential to set up a deliberative and democratic process for the gradual working through of competing legitimacy claims.
Economic Abuse and Water Utilities: Exploring Victim-Survivor Experiences in Victoria
Authors: Venville Eliza , Batagol Becky , Satur Paul
Published: June 2024

Utility-related economic abuse is an understudied form of family violence. In 2017, new protections were introduced into the Victorian water industry standards to increase support for victim-survivor water customers. Comprising eight semi-structured interviews with victim-survivors (n=4), water sector employees and stakeholders (n=2), a community lawyer (n=1) and personal advocate (n=1), our exploratory study is the first in Australia to draw on lived experience to better understand water utility-related economic abuse and how victim-survivors seek help. Thematic analysis of qualitative data generated three themes: barriers to victim-survivor awareness of water utility support measures, receipt of inconsistent assistance from water utilities, and the impact of effective water utility support. We describe how water utility-related economic abuse was experienced by victim-survivors and suggest strategies to improve water utility support. Our research highlights an often overlooked dimension of economic abuse with implications for essential service utilities in Australia and beyond.
A New Aged Care Act for Australia? Examining the Royal Commission’s Proposal for Human Rights Inclusive Legislation
Authors: Mackay Anita , Grenfell Laura , Debeljak Julie
Published: June 2024

The Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety (‘RCAC’) revealed that abuse and neglect are widespread in residential aged care facilities (‘RACF’). In 2021, the RCAC’s Final Report recommended that a new Aged Care Act be enacted to replace the Aged Care Act 1997 (Cth), and the new Act explicitly protect the rights of RACF residents. The recommendation included five uniquely formulated rights to be protected, drawing on international human rights law. This article aims to ensure that the new Act adequately respects, protects and fulfils the rights of RACF residents. This article explores the deficiencies in the current regulatory scheme, documenting the significant opportunity for improvement that rights-based legislation represents. It critiques the five RCAC-formulated rights, analysing the source of the rights within international treaties, and the scope of those rights. The article concludes by evaluating the proposed enforcement mechanisms for the RCAC-formulated rights against international enforcement obligations.
Disponibilidad de biomasa y contenido de proteína cruda en dos pastos de corte, King Grass y Camerún en y sin asocio con Leucaena leucocephala cv Cunninghan
Authors: González Martínez Álvaro José , Siézar Martínez María de la Concepción , Guido Álvarez José Ramón
Published: June 2024

Una de las alternativas de alimentación bovina que se reviste de importancia ante la variabilidad climática dentro de la planificación forrajera son los pastos de cortes. Desde este contexto el objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la influencia de dos frecuencias de cortes (45 días y 65 días) en King Grass (Pennisetum purpureum) y Camerún (Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum typhoides) en y sin asocio con Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala – Lam de Wit) cultivar Cunningham sobre la disponibilidad y contenido de proteína cruda de la biomasa, en la finca Santa María de la Universidad Internacional Antonio de Valdivieso (UNIAV-Rivas), en el período de mayo 2021 a septiembre 2022. Se utilizó un arreglo factorial completamente al azar, con ocho tratamientos y dos repeticiones, en cada unidad experimental se ubicaron seis sitios de muestreo de un metro lineal cada uno, y se seleccionó al azar una planta para la medición de las variables. Se realizó un análisis de varianza y comparación de medias por diferencias mínimas significativas Fisher al 95 % de confiablidad. King Grass + Leucaena a los 65 días en periodo lluvioso, presentó la mayor altura total, cantidad de nudos, hojas y área foliar, y en periodo seco King Grass + Leucaena a los 45 días registró mayor altura total, diámetro basal y longitud entre el tercer y cuarto nudo. Camerún + Leucaena en ambas épocas a los 65 días, presentó mayor promedio de kg MS ha-1, este mismo resultado lo presenta King Grass en período lluvioso; en periodo seco su disponibilidad de biomasa es similar en y sin asocio. En contenido de proteína cruda, en hojas y tallos de los pastos fue superior en los sitios asociados y con 45 días. Leucaena presentó similar crecimiento en ambos pastos, en la época lluviosa a los 65 días presentó mayor altura total y diámetro de copa, y en periodo seco, aunque prevalece una mayor altura total a los 65 días, en las demás variables fue mayor en los tratamientos a los 45 días. La mayor disponibilidad de biomasa en hojas en ambas épocas se registró con el pasto King Grass a los 45 días y con Camerún en ambas edades de corte, y en tallos tiernos el mayor valor lo presentó con el pasto King Grass a los 65 días, en hojas y tallos tiernos los tratamientos no presentaron diferencias estadísticas.
Investigação sobre o uso de máscaras na pandemia e contribuições para a formação do estudante nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
Authors: Ramos Karen , Franchi Regina Helena de Oliveira Lino
Published: June 2024

No contexto do retorno às aulas presenciais em 2021, durante a pandemia de covid-19, foi realizada uma prática de Modelagem Matemática com estudantes do quinto ano do Ensino Fundamental da rede municipal de Santo André – SP.  Uma investigação sobre o custo do uso de máscaras de proteção foi feita considerando diferentes aspectos: o custo do uso de máscaras no orçamento familiar, o custo para o sistema de saúde, o custo em um ambiente hospitalar (Hospital das Clínicas) e os impactos para o meio ambiente. A prática foi analisada buscando responder à questão: que contribuições para a formação do estudante podemos identificar no desenvolvimento de uma prática de Modelagem, realizada a partir de tema de seu interesse? Os dados considerados foram as produções dos alunos, as notas de campo da professora e os registros das diferentes etapas da prática realizada. A análise, de cunho qualitativo, foi realizada buscando nos dados indícios das contribuições para a formação dos estudantes, de acordo com os referenciais teóricos da Modelagem Matemática e os da Educação Matemática Crítica. Foram consideradas contribuições aquelas que, mesmo no âmbito da escola, vão além da construção do conhecimento específico e dizem respeito ao desenvolvimento das potencialidades do indivíduo para viver em sociedade e se realizar. Os resultados indicam que a prática propiciou aos estudantes: iniciativa na aprendizagem, iniciativa e autonomia na busca de soluções, capacidade de usar a matemática para compreender a realidade, capacidade de usar a matemática para refletir e se posicionar criticamente, capacidade para dialogar, confiança para comunicar ideias, confiança e autonomia para tomar decisões e desenvolvimento da cidadania.
Impacto do tratamento da infecção por Helicobacter pylori: um relato de caso
Authors: Ikeda Patrícia , Torres Carolina Gregori , Campagnaro Enzzo , Carvalho Pedro Barone de , Natali Gabriele Retondo de
Published: June 2024

Introdução: A infecção por Helicobacter pylori afeta metade da população mundial, causando doenças gastrointestinais graves. Sua transmissão está associada à precariedade do saneamento e densidade populacional. Classificado como carcinógeno tipo 1 pela OMS, está ligado ao câncer gástrico, a segunda maior causa de morte por câncer. O tratamento visa uma erradicação de 90% para prevenir complicações e resistência aos antibióticos, com protocolos terapêuticos em constante aprimoramento. Objetivo: Expor um relato de caso acompanhado no Poupatempo da Saúde, a fim de ressaltar a importância do diagnóstico e tratamento adequado na infecção por H. pylori. Metodologia: Foi consultado o PUBMED como base de dados, além do estudo do prontuário da paciente com artigos publicados de 2015 a 2020 nos idiomas de português e inglês. Relato de caso: L.F., sexo masculino, 63 anos, retorna no Poupatempo da Saúde para acompanhamento após tratamento bem-sucedido para infecção por H. pylori. O paciente foi diagnosticado após queixas de sintomas dispépticos e submetido a terapia tripla por 14 dias, experimentando alguns efeitos colaterais leves. Após o tratamento, relatou melhora gradual dos sintomas dispépticos e o teste de acompanhamento confirmou a erradicação da infecção. Sem sintomas recorrentes, o paciente foi considerado clinicamente estável, e a gastroenterologista decidiu pela alta do tratamento, orientando-o a manter um estilo de vida saudável e contatar em caso de preocupações adicionais. Discussão: O tratamento da infecção por H. pylori é importante para aliviar sintomas e prevenir complicações. A terapia tripla é comum, mas a resistência antibiótica pode reduzir sua eficácia, sendo preferíveis terapias quádruplas ou sequenciais em casos de alta resistência. A adesão ao tratamento, a tolerabilidade dos medicamentos e o acompanhamento pós-tratamento são essenciais. Pesquisas contínuas são necessárias para melhorar estratégias e monitorar a resistência. Abordagens adaptáveis e personalizadas garantem bons resultados clínicos. Conclusão: A erradicação da infecção por H. pylori é crucial para prevenir complicações gastrointestinais graves. As estratégias de diagnóstico e tratamento evoluíram para aumentar as taxas de erradicação e reduzir a resistência antimicrobiana. A abordagem individualizada no diagnóstico e tratamento é essencial para melhorar a saúde e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Tendências e perspectivas: o potencial do doce de leite caprino brasileiro na indústria alimentícia
Authors: Barros Laís da Silva , Mata Mário Eduardo Rangel Moreira Cavalcanti , Martins Jorge Jacó Alves , Sousa Francisca Moises de , Melo Mylena Olga Pessoa , Silva Michel Barros , Rêgo Lúcia Virginia Castor do , Moura Henrique Valentim
Published: June 2024

O rebanho caprino brasileiro apresentou crescimento de 16%, alcançando a marca de 8,25 milhões de cabeças. A Paraíba é o maior produtor de leite de cabra do Brasil. A utilização do leite caprino é uma excelente alternativa na elaboração de novos produtos funcionais. O leite de cabra, devido ao seu alto teor de proteína, incluindo caseína, e gordura, constitui uma matéria-prima muito boa para processamento. Um dos produtos que podem agregar até 400% de valor à matéria prima láctea é o doce de leite. Consumido e produzido na América Latina, o doce de leite é tradicionalmente obtido pela concentração por calor do leite acrescido de açúcar. A padronização das características deste produto e a adequação ao preconizado pelo Regulamento Técnico de Identidade e Qualidade de Doce de Leite (RTIQDL) tornam-se dificultados pela diversidade cultural, mudanças tecnológicas e distintos ingredientes usados na fabricação. Este alimento tem aroma, sabor e cor característicos principalmente em decorrência da reação de Maillard desencadeada durante o aquecimento. Na intenção de ofertar ao consumidor um alimento que seja agradável ao paladar, fonte de fibras e com teor reduzido de açúcar. O estudo objetivou-se um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a avaliação sensorial da produção de doce de leite caprino. O doce de leite caprino com (puro ou saborizado), apresentou maior índice de aceitação para os parâmetros sensoriais e intenção de compra, mesmo quando a avaliação foi realizada por provadores que apresentavam baixa frequência de consumo de doce de leite. Combinando suas características nutricionais e propriedades sensoriais, mostrou-se uma alternativa economicamente viável, acessível e adequada para desenvolvimento na indústria alimentícia.
Uso da memantina na evolução da doença de Alzheimer: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Lemos Andressa Lizzy Ferreira , Souza Rayssa Alves de , Maldonado Stefanny Lobo , Santana Ianca Gontijo Cavalcante , Macedo Guilherme Borges , Lago Heloiza Dias Lopes , Nunes Renata Sousa , Nunes Poliana Lucena
Published: June 2024

A Doença de Alzheimer (DA) é neurodegenerativa progressiva caracterizada por déficits cognitivos e funcionais que não podem ser curados. Pode ser clinicamente tratada com a memantina, um antagonista do receptor N-metil-D-aspartato que tem efeito terapêutico modulador da neurotransmissão glutamatérgica, aliviando a excitotoxicidade e preservando a função cognitiva, o qual parece ter ação eficaz em estágios moderado a grave da doença. Então, o objetivo deste estudo foi promover uma revisão integrativa sobre a eficácia farmacológica da memantina no tratamento da Doença de Alzheimer. O estudo bibliográfico foi conduzido no Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) e Google Acadêmico por meio do cruzamento dos descritores (DesC/ MeSH): doença de Alzheimer (AND) memantina (AND) efeitos farmacológicos. Foram incluídos artigos científicos publicados entre 2019 e 2023, com obtenção de sete artigos na Revisão Integrativa da Literatura. Os achados demonstrararam que o uso da memantina promove uma melhoria ou estabilização significativa quanto aos sintomas da DA, sobretudo nas fases moderada e grave, sua ação principal consiste em diminuir a excitocidade ou processo patológico de dano ou morte de células nervosas por estimulação excessiva por neurotransmissores. Porém, ainda existem inseguranças quanto aos alvos moleculares precisos e às concentrações de tratamento mais eficazes com a memantina. Além disso, foi verificado um efeito melhor quando a memantina foi associada ao donepezil. Concluiu-se que apesar de não ser curável, a adoção da memantina na terapia da DA é pertinente para aliviar os sintomas da doença. Contudo, a continuidade dos estudos em relação ao tema se faz importante para um melhor entendimento dos mecanismos relacionados ao fármaco.