bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of CYP39A1 Serves as a Novel Biomarker in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Worse Clinical Outcome
Authors: Li Dan , Yu Tao , Hu Junjie , Wu Jie , Feng Shi , Xu Qingxue , Zhu Hua , Zhang Xu , Zhang Yonggang , Zhou BenHong , Gu Lijuan , Zeng Zhi
Published: January 2022

Background. CYP39A1 is a poorly characterized metabolic enzyme that has been investigated in a few tumors. However, the role of CYP39A1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not yet been clarified. In this study, the expression and clinical significance of CYP39A1 in HCC were explored. Methods. CYP39A1 protein expression was detected in Akt/c‐Met‐induced HCC mice and 14 paired fresh HCC samples as well as another 159 HCC and matched noncancerous tissues. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression was analyzed by GEO and TCGA analysis and validated in 14 paired fresh HCC tissues. Furthermore, the relationships between CYP39A1 expression and clinicopathologic features as well as prognosis were analyzed. HCC cell growth changes were analyzed by cell viability assays after CYP39A1 overexpression and then validated after CYP39A1 knockout by DepMap database analysis. Results. CYP39A1 protein expression was lower expressed in HCC mouse models, and its mRNA and protein expression were also downregulated in HCC compared with noncancerous liver tissues. Higher CYP39A1 expression was associated with well differentiation. Moreover, survival analysis indicated that lower CYP39A1 expression was associated with poorer overall survival. In addition, HepG2 and SMMC‐7721 cell viability were inhibited after CYP39A1 overexpression. Genome‐wide CRISPR/Cas9 proliferation screening indicated that knockout of CYP39A1 could promote HCC cell growth. Likewise, p‐NF‐κB and Nrf2 were suppressed after CYP39A1 overexpression. It is worth mentioning that total bile acid, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin were significantly increased in the patients with low CYP39A1 expression. Conclusions. Downregulation of CYP39A1 is associated with HCC carcinogenesis, tumor differentiation, and poor overall survival, suggesting that CYP39A1 may serve as a tumor suppressor gene and novel biomarker for HCC patients.
Signal Control Strategy for Supersaturated Traffic at Urban Road Intersections with a Large Technical Grade Gap
Authors: Ding Baiqun , Yang Liu , Xu He , He Yongming
Published: January 2022

To reduce the risk of queuing overflow on the urban minor road at the intersection under supersaturation where the capacity of the arterial and minor roads shows extreme disparity, reduce the adverse effects caused by long queues of vehicles on the minor road, and comprehensively balance the multiobjective requirements such as priority of the main road, queuing restrictions, and delay on the minor road, the minor road queue model at the end of red, a road remaining capacity model, and multiparameter coordinated signal control model were established, and a multiobjective genetic algorithm was used to optimize this solution. As an example, the multiparameter coordinated control strategy decreased the delay per vehicle by approximately 17% and the queue length by approximately 30%–50% on the minor road and slightly increased the delay per vehicle at the intersection and the length on the main road queue. This control strategy can make full use of the capacity of the main road to control the queue length on the minor road, effectively reduce the risk of minor road queue overflow blocking local road network traffic operation involved, and comprehensively balance the traffic demand between arterial and minor roads. It provides a reference control method for coping with the transfer of the main traffic contradiction under the oversaturated state of the road intersection with large disparity.
Neighborhoods and Manifolds of Immersed Curves
Authors: Mennucci Andrea C. G.
Published: January 2022

We present some fine properties of immersions

ℐ
:
M
⟶
N

between manifolds, with particular attention to the case of immersed curves

c
:

S

1

⟶

ℝ

n

. We present new results, as well as known results but with quantitative statements (that may be useful in numerical applications) regarding tubular coordinates, neighborhoods of immersed and freely immersed curve, and local unique representations of nearby such curves, possibly “up to reparameterization.” We present examples and counterexamples to support the significance of these results. Eventually, we provide a complete and detailed proof of a result first stated in a 1991-paper by Cervera, Mascaró, and Michor: the quotient of the freely immersed curves by the action of reparameterization is a smooth (infinite dimensional) manifold.
Free and Forced Vibration Analysis in Abaqus Based on the Polygonal Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method
Authors: Ye Nan , Su Chao , Yang Yang
Published: January 2022

The polygonal scaled boundary finite element method (PSBFEM) is a novel approach integrating the standard scaled boundary finite element method and the polygonal mesh technique. In this work, a user‐defined element (UEL) for dynamic analysis based on the PSBFEM is developed in the general finite element software ABAQUS. We present the main procedures of interacting with Abaqus, updating AMATRX and RHS, defining the UEL element, and solving the stiffness and mass matrices through eigenvalue decomposition. Several benchmark problems of free and forced vibration are solved to validate the proposed implementation. The results show that the PSBFEM is more accurate than the FEM with mesh refinement. Moreover, the PSBFEM avoids the occurrence of hanging nodes by constructing a polygonal mesh. Thus, the PSBFEM can choose an appropriate mesh resolution for different structures ensuring accuracy and reducing calculation costs.
Approaches to Multiple Attribute Decision-Making with Fuzzy Number Intuitionistic Fuzzy Information and Their Application to English Teaching Quality Evaluation
Authors: Zhang Zhen , Su Pengfei
Published: January 2022

Many experts and scholars focus on the Maclaurin symmetric mean (MSM) operator, which can reflect the interrelationship among the multi-input arguments. It has been generalized to different fuzzy environments and put into use in various actual decision problems. The fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (FNIFNs) could well depict the uncertainties and fuzziness during the English teaching quality evaluation. And the English teaching quality evaluation is frequently viewed as the multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) issue. We expand the MSM equation with FNIFNs to propose the fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy MSM (FNIFMSM) equation and fuzzy number intuitionistic fuzzy weighted MSM (FNIFWMSM) equation in this study. A few MADM tools are developed with FNIFWMSM equation. Finally, taking English teaching quality evaluation as an example, this paper illustrates the depicted approach.
Conservative Management of the Duodenal Injury during Percutaneous Nephrostomy Placement: A Few and Far between Complications of the Urological Literature
Authors: Colakerol Aykut , Temiz Mustafa Zafer , Adem Mubarek Bargicho , Ozdogan Kamil , Celebi Fatih , Kandirali Engin , Muslumanoglu Ahmet Yaser
Published: January 2022

Herein, we reported a duodenal perforation case as an intestinal injury during a percutaneous nephrostomy procedure. A 73-year-old woman with bilateral nephrostomy catheters was applied to the emergency service with right flank pain. Early in the day, her bilateral nephrostomy catheters had been changed. On physical examination, she had a defense and rebound at her right quadrant, and costovertebral angle tenderness was also positive. In the contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan, the right nephrostomy catheter was located in the second part of the duodenum, and the contrast agent did not leak into the peritoneum from the injury area. We decided on conservative management of the case with active surveillance using daily blood tests and physical examinations. The nephrostomy catheter in the duodenum was left to prevent fistula between the duodenum and the skin, and a new one was placed in the right kidney. The broad spectrum antibiotherapy regime was applied, and the patient was followed up closely. The catheter in the duodenum was removed on the 20th day, uneventfully, and the patient was discharged successfully on the 24th day with her permanent bilateral nephrostomy tubes. On the first follow-up, one month later, the patient had no active medical complaint.
Sequence Fusion Algorithm of Tumor Gene Sequencing and Alignment Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Tang Chao , Luo Ling , Xu Yu , Chen Guobin , Tang Li , Wang Ying , Wu Yongzhong , Shi Xiaolong
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development of DNA high‐throughput testing technology, there is a high correlation between DNA sequence variation and human diseases, and detecting whether there is variation in DNA sequence has become a hot research topic at present. DNA sequence variation is relatively rare, and the establishment of DNA sequence sparse matrix, which can quickly detect and reason fusion variation point, has become an important work of tumor gene testing. Because there are differences between the current comparison software and mutation detection software in detecting the same sample, there are errors between the results of derivative sequence comparison and the detection of mutation. In this paper, SNP and InDel detection methods based on machine learning and sparse matrix detection are proposed, and VarScan 2, Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK), BCFtools, and FreeBayes are compared. In the research of SNP and InDel detection with intelligent reasoning, the experimental results show that the detection accuracy and recall rate are better when the depth is increasing. The reasoning fusion method proposed in this paper has certain advantages in comparison effect and discovery in SNP and InDel and has good effect on swelling and pain gene detection.
Inertia Theory Frequency Dynamic Analysis and Control of Power System with High Proportion of Renewable Source
Authors: Islam Badar ul , Baharudin Zuhairi , Kattel Parameshwari
Published: January 2022

Power plant emissions are a major cause of pollution in the environment. This necessitates the progressive replacement of conventional power plants with renewable energy sources. Changes in the quotas for conventional generating and renewable energy sources present new issues for modern power networks for example photovoltaic and wind turbines are replacing conventional power plants, which do not add to system inertia and due to the earth’s diurnal cycle and weather conditions. Solar radiations are not consistent all through the day, and photovoltaic (PV) generation is sometimes insufficient to meet the power requirement of the shifting local load. The amount of inertia in the power system, as well as the action of adjustable frequency reserves and the amount of power imbalance, all have an impact on frequency stability. As a result, estimating power system inertia and assessing frequency response are required so that necessary actions can be taken to assure frequency stability. In this way, the system frequency, power, and voltage stability are the major issues when high proportion of renewables are added. In this paper, we explained estimating power system inertia-related frequency problems. The approach account for the frequency and voltage fluctuations that occur after a disturbance and estimate the system’s total inertia constant as well as its overall power imbalance. The anticipated technique based on computational intelligence is used to analyze frequency responses from simulations of a test system under various circumstances on SIMULINK and focuses on the standalone PV system is critical for controlling it. As a result, the modelling of a PV system, battery, and generator using analogous circuits is discussed. As a matter of fact, maximum power should be harvested from a PV array to increase its efficiency that is depicted from the result outcomes of this research.
European Left Populism and Authoritarian Populism
Authors: Agustín Óscar García
Published: January 2022

The emergence of left populism, mainly in Southern Europe, in the decade of 2010, questioned the impression that populism in Europe was only right-wing oriented. On the other hand, the expansion of populism as a common denomination favored the perception that all populisms were the same, regardless of ideology: a threat to democracy. It explains why many left parties are reluctant towards being labelled as populist. Besides, left-wing populism connected with the one from Latin America one decade before where the tensions between democratization and authoritarianism have been widely discussed. The European public opinion usually relates the Latin American left populist governments with authoritarianism, associated with the situation in Venezuela first with Hugo Chávez and, especially, now with Nicolás Maduro. For this reason, left populism in Europe was made suspicious of being authoritarian.
Neo-Hobbesianism in the DPRK: A Provisional Theory of Authoritarianism
Authors: David-West Alzo
Published: January 2022

This article presents an original historical-philosophical conception that attempts to discern the matter, form, and power of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (dprk). A panoramic and problematizing cognitive framework, the theory configurates 629 years of sociopolitical history from 1392 to 2021 and then comparatively discusses the dprk system in relation to ancient democracy and liberal democracy from Pericles to Samuel P. Huntington. The article is divided into three parts, which outline the theory and its principles, map historical foundations and political phases, and address social relations, state will, and political reality. Description and analysis convey the thesis that the dprk polity is home to a Neo-Hobbesian formation: a hybrid state entity that is historically modern, politically absolutist, and illiberally democratic, with a transforming cross-civilizational physiognomy. By design, the “soft” theory is conceived to stimulate academic discussion and debate, not declare a final solution.
Islamic Democracy and Popular Sovereignty: A Critical Essay on Andrew March’s The Caliphate of Man
Authors: Bahlul Raja
Published: January 2022

In this review of Andrew March’s book, The Caliphate of Man, I shall focus on one central concept and one central claim to be found in the book: the concept of Islamic democracy, and the claim that al-Ghannūshī’s vision of popular sovereignty “reflects a genuine intellectual revolution in modern Islamic thought.” I suggest that the concept of Islamic democracy is logically possible only on the assumption of a purely procedural, value-neutral conception of democracy, and that the vision of the umma [the demos, populus] to be found in al-Ghannūshī is not such as to make the notion of popular sovereignty desirable by modern standards. I will suggest further that liberal Islamist thinkers stand to offer a superior view of Islamic democracy, one toward which al-Ghannūshī himself seems to be moving in his post-Revolutionary political practice.
Ultimate Sovereignty and the Flexibility of the Islamic Caliphate/Democracy
Authors: Isani Mujtaba
Published: January 2022

March’s exceptional book profoundly deals with the ideas of popular sovereignty and the Caliphate in modern Islamic political thought. While this book covers the concept of popular sovereignty in quite detail, March’s portrayal fails to convince the reader whether or not Islamic democracies are possible as a result. Based on previous work on medieval Islamic political thought and public attitudes towards the Caliphate, I argue that conceptions of Islamic government have differed according to context, place and time, and in the modern era the public views the Caliphate as a vehicle for justice and welfare. This implies that Islamic government can still be broadly based on the principles of modern Islamic political thought while the exact institutional configurations may still be able to differ according to place, time and context. In conclusion, while March’s book carefully synthesizes the theoretical debates, it might not have far-reaching practical implications for Islamic democracy.
Towards the Well-being of All: B.R. Ambedkar, Maitri, and Non-Fraternalist Democratic Solidarity
Authors: Keating Christine
Published: January 2022

In Buddhist thought, the cultivation of maitri, often defined as loving-kindness, involves the development of a commitment to the well-being of all. Drawing on the analysis of B.R. Ambedkar’s thought that Luis Cabrera presents in The Humble Cosmopolitan, this article explores Ambedkar’s endorsement of the Buddhist concept of maitri over fraternity as an alternative conceptualization of democratic solidarity.
Introduction to Symposium on The Humble Cosmopolitan by Luis Cabrera
Authors: Ackerly Brooke A.
Published: January 2022

This piece introduces a symposium on Luis Cabrera’s The Humble Cosmopolitan (Oxford University Press, 2020), which is a comparative political theory text in three senses. First, it expands conventional conversation partners to include authors who are engaged in constructing their nation out of a colonial context, principally, Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar is a scholar, politician, Chairman of the Constitutional Drafting Committee for the newly independent India, and Dalit activist (“Dalit” being the self-applied term for those outside of the Hindu caste hierarchy) and Madhavrao Sadashivrao Golwalkar, the historical thought leader of Hindu nationalism. Second, Cabrera reaches across the colonized-colonizer divide, engaging with intra-nation difference, enabling cross-time comparisons, broadening the moral and political meanings of, contributions to, and criticisms of cosmopolitan thinking. Third, using grounded normative theory, it is methodologically comparative, utilizing the author’s own empirical research through over 150 interviews of activists and politicians from both Indian and European cosmopolitan and anti-cosmopolitan struggles.
A bibliometric review of cryptocurrencies: how have they grown?
Authors: García-Corral Francisco Javier , Cordero-García José Antonio , de Pablo-Valenciano Jaime , Uribe-Toril Juan
Published: January 2022

With the development of new technologies, some concepts become relevant in the economic area, as is the case with cryptocurrencies, in general, or Bitcoin and Ethereum, in particular. Due to the impact of these tools, a detailed bibliometric study that allows us to obtain all information about cryptocurrencies must be conducted. This study will help scientific production by specifying the development and lines of related research that have been followed and are currently being followed. We have used Tableau, R (Bibliometrix R Package), and VOSviewer software to analyze the information. These have been combined to create and review unified metadata from the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. The bibliometric analysis shows 771 articles on the WoS database and 648 articles on Scopus published between 2010 and early 2019. They present the most relevant articles, research areas, countries, institutions, authors, journals, and trends during the last few years. In conclusion, the number of publications has grown in the last 3 years. The analysis shows the evolution of blockchain technology used in this type of cryptocurrency. The review of this period marks a possible end to the historical part of cryptocurrencies, thereby opening the current topic to its multiple applications.
Intraday patterns of price clustering in Bitcoin
Authors: Ma Donglian , Tanizaki Hisashi
Published: January 2022

In this study, an investigation is conducted into the phenomenon of price clustering in Bitcoin (BTC) denominated in the Japanese yen (JPY). It answers two questions using tick-by-tick data. The first is whether price clustering exists in BTC/JPY transactions, and the other is how the scale of price clustering varies throughout a trading day. With the assistance of statistical measures, the last two digits of BTC price were discovered to cluster at the numbers that end with ’00’. In addition, the scales of BTC/JPY clustering at ’00’ tended to decline at the specific hour intervals. This study contributes to the emerging literature on price clustering and investor behavior.
Impact of Surgical Margins on Overall Survival after Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer: A Validation of Japanese Gastric Cancer Association Guidelines on a Western Series
Authors: Maspero Marianna , Sposito Carlo , Benedetti Antonio , Virdis Matteo , Di Bartolomeo Maria , Milione Massimo , Mazzaferro Vincenzo
Published: January 2022

Purpose

No consensus exists on the resection extent needed to ensure oncological safety in gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). This study aims to assess the impact of margin adequacy according to Japanese Gastric Cancer Association (JGCA) guidelines on overall survival (OS).

Patients and Methods

Patients who underwent surgery for stage I–III GAC at our institution between 2010 and 2017 were included. Margin adequacy according to JGCA, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), and European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) guidelines was assessed, and their predictive value on OS was evaluated with Harrell’s C-index. Patients were analyzed according to their margins’ adherence to JGCA guidelines, and a propensity score matching (PSM) was run. Indication to either total gastrectomy (TG) or distal gastrectomy (DG) according to each guideline was also assessed.

Results

A total of 279 patients were included, of whom 220 (79%) underwent DG. Adequate margins according to JGCA were obtained in 209 patients (75%). On multivariate analysis, JGCA margin adequacy was independently associated with OS, together with American Society of Anesthesiologist class, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, lymphadenectomy extent, R0 resection, and postoperative N stage. After PSM, patients with JGCA adequate margins showed better OS, recurrence-free survival (RFS), and local RFS than patients with JGCA inadequate margins. For 220 DG, JGCA guidelines would have recommended TG in 25 patients (11%), NCCN in 30 (14%), and ESMO in 90 (41%) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Adequacy of surgical resection margins to JGCA guidelines leads to improved survival outcomes and allows for a more organ-preserving approach than Western guidelines.
Effect of Seaweed Extracts on Ornamental Plants: Article Review
Authors: Kularathne M.A.M. Nirmani , Srikrishnah S. , Sutharsan S.
Published: January 2022

Seaweed extracts have been used in organic agriculture to encourage the development and strengthen the quality performance of floricultural crops. The effectiveness of the seaweed extract is built entirely on hormone levels of plants or otherwise micro nutrients in the crude extract (primarily cytokines). A review of the use of seaweed on ornamental plants is carried out in the most modern research. Concerning their growth and flowering possibilities, the effectiveness of algae in ornamental plants has been validated. The purpose of this systematic review was to illustrate progress throughout the treatment of seaweeds for growth regulators to summarize the organic compounds of seaweeds as well as to investigate the challenges that encourage the application of macroalgae to manipulate various biotic and abiotic stress of crops. Seaweeds are still completely unaffected internationally; we emphasize several of the subsequent preferences for research and innovation. This whole review aims to facilitate the reader’s attention to utilize various seaweeds to increase the features and yield of ornamental crops.
Enset Production, Its Challenges and Controlling Methods in South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Kusse Kutoya , Ermias Gedion , Darch Dawit
Published: January 2022

Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman) is economically a useful crop that provides forage for animals, construction materials, fuel and traditionally it is used as a medicine. The production and productivity of enset is mainly affected by many diseases and pests which causes serious devastating cultivar diversity and finally a yield lose of the crop. Moreover, its production sustainability is also threatened by many factors like wild animal pests, enset root pests, high population pressure and the shift of the producers to cash-oriented crop production. The assessment on enset production, its challenges and controlling methods was carried out in Debub Ari district of South Omo Zone, in southern Ethiopia from November 2021 to January 2021 in four randomly selected representative Kebeles. Simple random sampling method were employed to select a representative sample of the study (n = 138). Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaire, focus group discussions, individual interview and personal observations. The collected data were analyzed by using appropriate simple descriptive statistics. The land under enset production is declining from time to time, as well as its production also declines due to social, bio-physical and environmental factors such as land fragmentation, enset bacterial welt, insects and pests and environmental variability factors. To overcome these factors farmers practicing many controlling methods such as by burying the infected plants, restricting the movement of infected plant materials, sterilizing production tools and raising awareness about how to protect disease like enset bacterial welt and use of aluminum phosphate for pests like mole rate.
The Potential of Fungi as Bio-Control Agents in Managing Colletotrichum Kahawae In Kenya
Authors: Nyambuge Msenya Happiness , Runo Steven , Watuku Miano Douglas , Gikungu Mary Wanjiku , Kathurima Gichuru Elijah , Wagikondi Kathurima Cecilia , Okutoyi Alworah Getrude
Published: January 2022

Colletotrichum kahawae is a causative fungal agent of Coffee Berry Disease (CBD) that negatively affects coffee production. Its control relies on use of resistant varieties and chemical control. Fungicides used in control of CBD are costly and pose a risk to environment and health. The study was aimed at assessing the possible antagonistic potential of fungal isolates against Colletotrichum kahawae in in vitro conditions. Five isolates were used; one isolate was collected from berries while the rest were collected from soil. Testing for antagonism against Colletorichum kahawae was done by co-culturing the isolates on Potato Dextrose Agar. The degree of antagonism was determined by measuring and comparing the radial growth of pathogen with the bio-agent against the control. Out of the five isolates tested against C. kahawae, three isolates Fusarium proliferetum, Penicillium and Fusarium ceraneasum significantly inhibited test pathogen growth at 60%, 55% and 45.45%, respectively. The other isolates, Fumigatus aspergillus and Chaetomium perithecia showed inhibition of growth at 40% and 18.18% respectively. It was concluded that there is potential of using fungi as bio control of the coffee berry disease.
Enhancing Germination of Seeds of Cassia abbreviata and Senegalia nigrescens Using Pre-Sowing Seed Treatments in Botswana
Authors: Rampart Melusi , Teketay Demel , Makgobota Kamogelo , Mojeremane Witness , Mmolotsi Ronnie , Makoi Topoyame , Kopong Ismael
Published: January 2022

Cassia abbreviata and Senegalia nigrescens are indigenous trees found in North and Central regions of Botswana. However, inadequate knowledge of their silviculture and decline in population due to deforestation, expanding settlements, infrastructure and agriculture are major threats to most indigenous tree species in Botswana. Like many indigenous tree species, Cassia abbreviata and Senegalia nigrescens are slow-growing and are threatened by overexploitation for numerous uses. Because of the increased demand for medicinal uses, medicinal species such Cassia abbreviata are rapidly disappearing in many habitats and threatened to extinction. This study assessed the response of pre-sowing treatment methods on quiescency and germination of seeds of Cassia abbreviata and Senegalia nigrescens tree species found in semiarid Savanna Ecozone of Botswana. Pre-sowing treatment included immersion in 98% undiluted sulfuric acid (H2SO4) for 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes, submergence in boiling water for one, two, three minutes and submerged in warm water for 24 hours, mechanical scarification of the seed coat and control. ANOVA showed that there is a highly significant difference (P < 0.0001) among the treatments of C. abbreviata in seed germination and no significant difference among the treatments of S. nigrescens. The highest germination percentage of C. abbreviata seeds was 81%, which was found from seeds immersed in H2SO4 for 30 minutes, while for S. nigrescens seeds, the highest germination percentage was 99%, which was found from seeds treated with mechanical scarification and those immersed in H2SO4 for 15 and 45 minutes. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of pretreatment methods on germination of C. abbreviata and S. nigrescens seeds. Based on these results, we recommend sulphuric acid and mechanical scarification as suitable seed pre-sowing treatments for enhancing the germination of C. abbreviata and S. nigrescens, respectively.
Quality of Soil in Gossaigaon Sub-Division and Its Impact on Environmental Degradation
Authors: Basumatary Binay Kumar
Published: January 2022

People on Earth are under tremendous threat due to undesired changes in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water and soil. Due to increased human population, industrialization, use of unwanted amounts of fertilizers and man-made activities, water and soil is highly polluted with different harmful contaminants. Natural water and soil contaminates due to weathering of rocks and leaching of soils, mining processing etc. It is necessary that the quality of drinking water and soil should be checked at regular time interval, because due to use of contaminated drinking water, human population suffers from variety of water borne diseases. The study area, Gossaigaon sub-division of Kokrajhar district, Assam lies on the north bank of the Brahmaputra river and is slowly sloping towards south from the foothills of Bhutan upto an average height of 42 MSL. The tributaries of the Brahmaputra- Sankosh, Ripu, Dambra, Bura chara, Gadadhar, Gurufella, Madati, Hel, Gongea are flowing southward which have their sources in the Himalayas. In this paper an attempt has been made to assess the quality of soil of 10 different stations by considering the parameters like Colour, Temperature, pH value, Conductance, Alkalinity, Dissolved Oxygen, Hardness, TS, TDS, Chlorine, Fluorine, Sulphur, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Iron, Calcium and Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Zinc, Nickel, Lead and Copper which have direct correlation with human health.
Non-native English teachers’ views on the use of music and songs in teaching English as a foreign language to primary school learners
Authors: Agaj Avdıu Teuta
Published: January 2022

Teaching English to children through music has gained considerable
attention. The use of songs in the English language classroom has become
a subject that has increasingly drawn more interests. This is because songs
have many values of language. Songs could be particularly effective for
supporting foreign language teaching. Implementing educational songs in
teaching English to young learners can develop students’ pronunciation,
vocabulary and grammar. This study illustrates the situation of teaching
English through songs in the time of Covid-19 pandemic in primary schools
of Kosovo. The aim of this article is to examine current English teachers’
views and perspectives towards the use of music and songs in the language
classroom. The instrument used to obtain data is an interview for primary
school teachers who teach English in different cities of Kosovo. Five
teachers were interviewed to better understand their thoughts towards
music utilization into their language classrooms. Questions were mainly
designed to elicit attitudes of participants related to the research
questions. The results of the study indicate that English teachers have
positive attitudes toward the use of music in language teaching and view
songs as a significant didactic tool that should be employed in EFL classes.
Regarding the utilization of music and songs in the context of Covid 19
pandemic, teachers did not face any difficulties during online learning,
on the contrary the music activities kept the enthusiasm alive and made
learning interesting and fun. However, during face-to-face learning, the
pandemic has affected the employment of songs in the English language
classes as the students have to use hand sanitizers all the time and wear
masks while singing songs. Teachers have also restricted the movement
and group work which might have sought the touching of hands with one
another and so on.
The integration of music and its influence on the inclusion of autistic children in educational activities of preschool institutions
Authors: Avdıu-kryeziu Shqipe , Avdiu Arsim
Published: January 2022

This study aims to collect data on the approaches of music integration and its influence on the inclusion of autistic children in educational activities of preschool institutions- the Kosovo case.
The study includes both: a summary of the research literature of this case, and research conducted using semi-structured interviews with preschool teachers employed in preschool institutions in Gjilan-Kosovo.
As a sample of this study, 6 head preschool teachers and 2 support teachers who work in preschool institutions of Gjilan. The instruments used in this research are semi-structured interviews and the results that most participants support the idea that the integration of music has an influence on the inclusion of autistic children in educational activities of preschool institutions.
As the results of this study imply, teachers who work in preschool institutions can use music in educational activities with the aim of the successful inclusion of children with autism in the learning process.
Creative artistic and musical activity of the child as a process of socialization
Authors: Wagner Irina Vladimirovna , Akishina Ekaterina Mikhailovna , Olesina Elena Petrovna
Published: January 2022

The article presents key results of the research project “Socialization of children in difficult life situations by means of art” under the State Assignment of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation to the Institute of Art Education and Cultural Studies of the Russian Academy of Education for the year 2020. As a result of the conducted study based on the analysis of theoretical aspects of philosophical, psychological, sociological, pedagogical, and culturological conceptions concerning personality development through art, promising approaches to the creation of psychological and pedagogical conditions for the productive socialization of children in difficult situations are identified. The Concept of pedagogical support for the productive socialization of children in difficult situations by means of art is developed and includes a theoretical model for the organization of children’s socialization and their integration into the sociocultural space through active artistic and creative activity. The potential of art and artistic activity in the socialization of children in difficult life situations is substantiated in the general cultural, social, and pedagogical aspects. The relationships between emotional and value self-identification of a person and their involvement in independent or collective artistic and creative activity are revealed.
Application Extended Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher Equation for soybean oil
Authors: Stanciu Ioana , Ouerfelli Noureddine
Published: January 2022

Mathematical models that describe the variation of soybean oil viscosity with temperature according to the recent WLF and VTF (or VFT) equations and traditionally by the Arrhenius equation. The Arrhenius equation shows that the viscosity of the oil is proportional to the absolute temperature and is determined by the activation energy parameter. In Arrhenius' equation the absolute temperature is replaced by T + b where both adjustable T and b are in ° C. The mathematical models described by the equations WLF and VTF, are equal to each other. All three equations are in the same model when used for experimental data of temperature-viscosity dependence, they give exactly the same very high regression coefficient.
Knoevenagel Condensations Catalyzed by New Oil Shale Recyclable Catalyst at Room Temperature and Assisted by Ultrasounds Irradiations
Authors: Ennesyry Elmustapha , Bazi Fathallaah , Mounir Bahija , Elkouali M’hammed Elkouali , Hannache Hassan , Talbi Mohammed , Hamza Mohammed
Published: January 2022

Functionalized alkenes were successfully synthesized via a clean procedure in a short time by using a new recycled heterogeneous catalyst prepared from Moroccan oil shale, this catalyst is characterized by different technics such XRD, BET-BJH, MEB-EDS, and TGA, before it’s has been used in the Knoevenagel condensation between different aldehydes and active methylenes. The results showed that coupling the catalyst with ultrasound irradiations could improve the catalytic system in this transformation by achieving the products in a very short time, the results showed clearly that this catalyst could be considered as excellent recyclable support in Knoevenagel condensation.
Analytical Instrumentation Techniques of FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDX for Adsorption Methods of Ni2+ Ions onto Low Cost Adsorbent
Authors: M Ajithkumar , S Arivoli
Published: January 2022

The present study investigates the possible removal of Ni2+ ions from aqueous solution by using low-cost Hygrophila auriculata activated nano carbon (HA-ANC) as an adsorbent. The activated nano carbon had been prepared from Hygrophila auriculata stem waste as well; the raw material was carbonized with con. H2SO4 and activated by thermal action. Batch experiments were performed in order to calculate the percentage removal of Ni2+ ions for 90.737% at 60 oC. The properties of treated carbon and untreated carbon are compared using instrumental techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM and EDX, which confirms Ni2+ ions adsorption onto HA-ANC. FT-IR showed that the surface of HA-ANC had more oxygen containing functional groups which enhanced the adsorption of Ni2+. XRD showed the nature of adsorbent, SEM images implies morphological deviance of before and after adsorption of Ni2+ onto HA-ANC and EDX showed that the C content of HA-ANC were higher than that of Ni2+/ HA-ANC.
Influence of Solvents on the Oxidation Kinetics of Aldehydic Group Compounds by Diethylammonium Chloro-chromate
Authors: Chandora Divya , Bishnoi Pramila , Om Prakash Ganpatram, , Sharma Vinita
Published: January 2022

The redox studies of some compounds containing aldehydic functional groups by diethyl ammonium chloro-chromate (DEACC) in dimethyl sulfoxide leading a product forming to acid of correspondimg order. Reactions are found to be in unit order with oxidant while a fractional order (less than unity) was found w.r.t. reductants. The redox reactions are influenced with acid, the acid dependence is governed by this equation: kobs = a + b[H+].. When isomeric form of aldehyde, that is Me-CDO is oxidised with the same oxidant it was observed a considerable K.I.E. (Deuterium effect; kH/kD = 05.69 at 298 K). The reaction of Acetaldehyde was done in various non aqueous medium, soluble or miscible in DMSO. The effect of solvent is studied fitting our data in the solvent model of Taft's and Swain's applied for this purpose.. Rate constants are correlating very well with already reported Taft’s values of *; further the reaction constants are negative in nature. Suitable mechanism involving are proposed with transfer of hydride ion..
Ethanolysis of Waste Cooking oils using KOH Catalyst
Authors: Eladeb Aboulbaba , Aydi Abdelkarim , Alenezi Ibrahim
Published: January 2022

The transesterification of waste cooking oils (WCO) with ethanol was investigated by means of potassium hydroxide (KOH) as catalyst. This work aimed to study the influences of catalyst concentration, temperature, ethanol to WCO molar ratio, reaction time, and stirring rate on the biodiesel conversion. Gas chromatography (GC) was used during the process of transesterification to determine the evolution of ethyl esters concentration with time. Biodiesel with maximum yield was obtained (92.5%) when 2 wt% KOH, temperature of 75°C, and ethanol/oil molar ratio of 11:1 were utilized.
Study of Sorption Kinetics of Doxycycline on pH Sensitive Hydrogel-based Graft Copolymers of Chitosan/Arabinogalactan/ Gummiarabic with Vinyl Monomers
Authors: Hasanova Mirvari Khalig
Published: January 2022

Graft copolymers of natural polysaccharides chitosan (Chs), gummi-arabic (GA) and arabinogalactan (AG) were synthesized with N-vinylpyrrolidone (VPr) (4-vinylpyridine and N-vinylpyrrolidone used as comonomers for chitosan grafting), and then pH-sensitive hydrogels were designing by cross-linked them with N,N-methylene-bis-acrylamide. Effective sorption of doxycycline from aqueous solutions with water-swelling gels has been studied experimentally. The effect of gel dose, initial concentration of doxycycline, pH medium and solution ionic strength of the sorption rate and capacity of the antibiotic was systematically studied. The surface and volume absorption kinetics and isotherms of the process have also been investigated. It was found that the max sorption capacity for swellable gels varies between Chs-graft-VPr/4VPAG/graft-VPrGA/graft-VPr. It has been shown that the sorption mechanism is mainly dominated by physical sorption and to some extent hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions.
Impact of Heat on the Different Stages of the Production of Local Beer “Tchoukoutou” Made from Sorghum
Authors: Kouakou Adjo Cynthia , Agbodan Agbékonyi Kokou , Awaga Kwami Lumo , Bakpo Awèdéou , Yelegue Eyawèdeou , Jondo Koffi
Published: January 2022

Tchoukoutou is a local alcoholic drink made from sorghum. The optimization and good quality of this drink depend on certain factors such as temperature that were the subject of our work. To carry out this study, we have set ourselves the general objective of structuring the production of Tchoukoutou. Specifically, the study aims to systematize the cooking of the wort, to verify the properties of the beer through tests and to produce a quality drink. An investigation was made on the influence of temperature on sorghum germination and wort cooking. The study of the effect of temperature on the germination of sorghum was carried out. It concerned four different temperature levels which are: 23 ° C, 26 ° C, 30 ° C and 35 ° C. A study of the influence of temperature on brewing was done with different varieties of sorghum and also at different temperature ranges: 78 ° C, 83 ° C, 89 ° C, and 92 ° C. The results showed that the ideal germination temperature is 30 ° C and for brewing it is 78 ° C. The soaking time during germination, for a good germination rate, is between 16h and 26h. In conclusion, the temperature factor is a parameter that should not be overlooked when making Tchoukoutou. Our study thus made will serve as a basis for subsequent studies in the same direction to achieve a standardized industrial production of Tchoukoutou.
Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Biological Activities of Sn(II) Complexes of Schiff Base Incorporating Sulpha Drugs
Authors: Meena Kiran , Shekhawat Virendra Singh , Varshney Sarita , Varshney A K
Published: January 2022

In this study, we report synthesis, characterization and biological activities of four sulpha drug based Schiff base ligands and their Sn(II) complexes. The Schiff bases and their Sn(II) complexes have been synthesized by traditional methods and characterized by the spectral techniques IR, NMR (1H and 13C), mass and TGA-DTA. Newly synthesized Schiff bases (L1-L4) and their Sn(II) complexes (C-1 to C-4) have been screened for antibacterial activity against bacterial strains S. aureus, S. pyogenus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and antifungal activity against fungal strains C. albicans, A. niger, A. clavatus using broth micro dilution method. Best antimicrobial activity was shown by C-3 complex against E. coli (MIC, 50.0 µg/mL) and A. niger microbial strains (MIC, 100 µg/mL). Moreover, antimalarial activity against plasmodium falciparum was also studied. Complex C-3 was found to be more active against parasite P. falciparum (IC50, 0.04 µg/mL). Results showed that dichloride tin complexes are more active with respect to their corresponding Schiff base ligands.
Studies of Substitution Effect of B2O3 on Structure and Properties of 1393 Bioactive Glass
Authors: Gupta Neeraj , Kumar Vyas Vikash , Mandal Apurba
Published: January 2022

Bioactive glass is mainly familiar for its outstanding biocompatibility and bioactive behavior and it’s known for important bone bonding ability. Bioactive glass is a reproduction fillet joint meant for orthopedic in addition to periodontal function of one of the leading applications. A silica based bioactive glass designated 1393 bio-glass® [wt. % (53) SiO2 – (6) Na2O – (12) K2O – (20) CaO – (5) MgO – (4)P2O5] 1393 is like 45S5 bio-glass®, other than it has a high SiO2 content and network modifiers, such as potassium oxide and magnesium oxide, bioactive glass, is also used clinically. In this communication, study of destructive (DT) & non-destructive (NDT) behavior of SiO2 replaced by boron trioxide (B2O3) in 1393 bioactive glass has been reported. The formed amorphous phase using x-ray diffraction (X-RD) analysis in bioactive glass will be identified. Density and mechanical properties measured using different types of instrument and using ultrasonic wave velocities study the elastic properties like young’s , shear, bulk modulus and Poisson’s ratio of bioactive glasses were reported. The results point to the substitution of boron trioxide in 1393 bioactive glass enhanced its density, mechanical properties and elastic properties, similarly for silica.
Study of Potential of Marine Macroalgae Biochar for Acid Dyes Removal
Authors: D Shah Karishma , Brahmbhatt Nayana H. , Thaker Pooja N.
Published: January 2022

The goal of this investigation was to check the feasibility of Ulva lactuca carbon could be used to adsorb acid yellow 19 dyes from an aqueous solution. A series of studies were carried out to determine the best conditions for acid dye adsorption. 90 percent colour removal was achieved when pH 3, 1 gm dose, 100 mg/L dye concentration were used for dye adsorption. During the analysis, it was discovered that as the carbon dose was raised, the dye elimination rate rose. The main objective of this study is to reduce solid waste disposal while also addressing the issue of seaweed and developing an effective plan
Modified Rate Law for Bimolecular Reactions: Applicable to Surface as well as Non-surface Reactions
Authors: Bhagavanbhai Gami Girishkumar , Kumar Rawesh
Published: January 2022

The rate equations in kinematics are expressed through basic laws under surface reaction as well as non-surface reaction. Rate law is center theme of non-surface reaction whereas Langmuir adsorption isotherms are basis of surface reaction rate expressions. A modified rate equation for bimolecular reaction is presented which considers both catalyst surface affairs as well as fraction of successful collision of different reactant for cracking and forming bonds. The modified rate law for bimolecular reaction for surface as well as non-surface reaction is stated as “Rate of a reaction is directly proportional to concentration as well as catalyst surface affair of each reactant” as r = k ΩA[A] ΩB[B] where catalyst surface affair of ith species is defined as Ωi = Ki/(1+Ki[i] + Kj[j] + …). Here, Ki is the equilibrium constant of “i” species for adsorption-desorption processes over catalyst. i, j,… indicates the different adsorbed chemical species at uniform catalyst sites and the same [i], [j], … indicates the concentration of different adsorbed chemical species at uniform catalyst sites.