bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lighting Features in Historical Buildings: Scientific Analysis of the Church of Saint Louis of the Frenchmen in Sevilla
Authors: Almodovar-Melendo Jose-Manuel , Cabeza-Lainez Joseph-Maria , Rodriguez-Cunill Inmaculada
Published: September 2018

Heritage issues have increased significantly in recent years. However, they tend to remain in the cultural sphere and are often resistant to scientific analyses. If we have to deal with the contradictory matter of sustainability in design for ancient buildings, such hindrances appear frequently. A crucial aspect in Architecture has always been its capacity to dispose internal spaces and apertures in a manner that enhances the balance of light and thus provides attuned perception and well-being. Poor performance in that respect raised objections against the prestige of admirable works and famed artists. If we reject the absurd idea of accurately reproducing identical buildings in the same place repeatedly, how are we supposed to benefit from the said knowledge without the help of any objective design tools? It is easy to agree that at least we would need some scientific support to transmit such proper effects. Aware of the former notions, authors have developed a novel simulation software called DianaX, which is based on mathematical models and equations produced and expanded by Joseph Cabeza-Laïnez, from roughly 1990 to 2018. This non-commercial software deals with radiative exchanges in all kinds of surfaces (for instance domes, vaults, cylinders, hyperboloids and curves in general). It also includes direct sun in the simulations unlike most programs. Therefore, it is ideally suited for the analysis of heritage architecture and especially that which identifies with the Renaissance, baroque and neoclassical epochs. The case of temples from the baroque period resumes the conflict expressed in the first paragraph and the Jesuit Church of Saint Louis (1699–1731) is one of the most relevant examples of efficient illumination found in Mediterranean latitudes, having been recently restored. In this article, we would like to discuss the subtle and interesting implications of employing our simulation software for lighting in such a complex baroque temple. The methodology would be to identify the main energy sources within the church in order to construct a suitable model for simulation. Subsequently we apply the said software DianaX to such model and establish the most significant results trying to compare them with available on-site measurements. Finally, a strategy to enhance day-lighting and supplement it with other light sources in the church is proposed.
Emotion Classification Using a Tensorflow Generative Adversarial Network Implementation
Authors: Caramihale Traian , Popescu Dan , Ichim Loretta
Published: September 2018

The detection of human emotions has applicability in various domains such as assisted living, health monitoring, domestic appliance control, crowd behavior tracking real time, and emotional security. The paper proposes a new system for emotion classification based on a generative adversarial network (GAN) classifier. The generative adversarial networks have been widely used for generating realistic images, but the classification capabilities have been vaguely exploited. One of the main advantages is that by using the generator, we can extend our testing dataset and add more variety to each of the seven emotion classes we try to identify. Thus, the novelty of our study consists in increasing the number of classes from N to 2N (in the learning phase) by considering real and fake emotions. Facial key points are obtained from real and generated facial images, and vectors connecting them with the facial center of gravity are used by the discriminator to classify the image as one of the 14 classes of interest (real and fake for seven emotions). As another contribution, real images from different emotional classes are used in the generation process unlike the classical GAN approach which generates images from simple noise arrays. By using the proposed method, our system can classify emotions in facial images regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, age and face rotation. An accuracy of 75.2% was obtained on 7000 real images (14,000, also considering the generated images) from multiple combined facial datasets.
Ground State Representations of Some Non-Rational Conformal Nets
Authors: Tanimoto Yoh
Published: September 2018

We construct families of ground state representations of the U ( 1 ) -current net and of the Virasoro nets Vir c with central charge c ≥ 1 . We show that these representations are not covariant with respect to the original dilations, and those on the U ( 1 ) -current net are not solitonic. Furthermore, by going to the dual net with respect to the ground state representations of Vir c , one obtains possibly new family of Möbius covariant nets on S 1 .
Effect of Plastic Anisotropy on the Distribution of Residual Stresses and Strains in Rotating Annular Disks
Authors: Jeong Woncheol , Alexandrov Sergei , Lang Lihui
Published: September 2018

Hill’s quadratic orthotropic yield criterion is used for revealing the effect of plastic anisotropy on the distribution of stresses and strains within rotating annular polar orthotropic disks of constant thickness under plane stress. The associated flow rule is adopted for connecting the stresses and strain rates. Assuming that unloading is purely elastic, the distribution of residual stresses and strains is determined as well. The solution for strain rates reduces to one nonlinear ordinary differential equation and two linear ordinary differential equations, even though the boundary value problem involves two independent variables. The aforementioned differential equations can be solved one by one. This significantly simplifies the numerical treatment of the general boundary value problem and increases the accuracy of its solution. In particular, comparison with a finite difference solution is made. It is shown that the finite difference solution is not accurate enough for some applications.
Applying Systems Thinking to Engineering and Design
Authors: Monat Jamie P. , Gannon Thomas F.
Published: September 2018

The application of Systems Thinking principles to Systems Engineering is synergistic, resulting in superior systems, products, and designs. However, there is little practical information available in the literature that describes how this can be done. In this paper, we analyze 12 major Systems Engineering failures involving bridges, aircraft, submarines, water supplies, automobiles, skyscrapers, and corporations and recommend Systems Thinking principles, tools, and procedures that should be applied during the first few steps of the System Engineering design process to avoid such catastrophic Systems Engineering failures in the future.
On the Real Part of a Conformal Field Theory
Authors: Gepner Doron , Partouche Hervé
Published: September 2018

Every conformal field theory has the symmetry of taking each field to its adjoint. We consider here the quotient (orbifold) conformal field theory obtained by twisting with respect to this symmetry. A general method for computing such quotients is developed using the Coulomb gas representation. Examples of parafermions, S U ( 2 ) current algebra and the N = 2 minimal models are described explicitly. The partition functions and the dimensions of the disordered fields are given. This result is a tool for finding new theories. For instance, it is of importance in analyzing the conformal field theories of exceptional holonomy manifolds.
How Environmental Protection Motivation Influences on Residents’ Recycled Water Reuse Behaviors: A Case Study in Xi’an City
Authors: Liu Xiaojun , He Yuqi , Fu Hanliang , Chen Baiyu , Wang Mengmeng , Wang Zelin
Published: September 2018

Pro-environmental behaviors related to reclaimed water reuse are regarded as important motivations for both environmental protection and the use of reclaimed water, and these motivations could affect the citizens’ decision whether they will accept reclaimed water reuse. A hypothesis model was developed as the NAM (Norm Activation Model) has changed, and this hypothesis model was used to explore the factors that affect the citizen’s decision about the reclaimed water reuse, and obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of urban citizens in environmental protection and the related outcomes. First, 584 samples were used to verify the reliability and validity of data, and AMOS21.0 was used to test the goodness-of-fit between the sample data and the hypothesis model. Based on this, the applicability of the improved NAM was verified through the study of recycled water reuse. The hypothesis model was used to analyze its direct influences, showing that environmental motivation has positive influences on the citizens’ acceptance toward recycled water reuse. Besides, Bootstrap method was used to verify the mediation effect, proving that awareness of consequences regarding environmental pollution caused by human activities and ascription of responsibility could strengthen the citizens’ motivation to protect the environment.
Building ANN-Based Regional Multi-Step-Ahead Flood Inundation Forecast Models
Authors: Chang Li-Chiu , Amin Mohd Zaki M. , Yang Shun-Nien , Chang Fi-John
Published: September 2018

A regional inundation early warning system is crucial to alleviating flood risks and reducing loss of life and property. This study aims to provide real-time multi-step-ahead forecasting of flood inundation maps during storm events for flood early warnings in inundation-prone regions. For decades, the Kemaman River Basin, located on the east coast of the West Malaysia Peninsular, has suffered from monsoon floods that have caused serious damage. The downstream region with an area of approximately 100 km2 located on the east side of this basin is selected as the study area. We explore and implement a hybrid ANN-based regional flood inundation forecast system in the study area. The system combines two popular artificial neural networks—the self-organizing map (SOM) and the recurrent nonlinear autoregressive with exogenous inputs (RNARX)—to sequentially produce regional flood inundation maps during storm events. The results show that: (1) the 4 × 4 SOM network can effectively cluster regional inundation depths; (2) RNARX networks can accurately forecast the long-term (3–12 h) regional average inundation depths; and (3) the hybrid models can produce adequate real-time regional flood inundation maps. The proposed ANN-based model was shown to very quickly carry out multi-step-ahead forecasting of area-wide inundation depths with sufficient lead time (up to 12 h) and can visualize the forecasted results on Google Earth using user devices to help decision makers and residents take precautionary measures against flooding.
Wound Dressings Alter the Colony-Forming Efficiency of Keratinocytes in Cultured Sheet Grafts
Authors: DeGraffenried Lea Ann , Isseroff R. Rivkah
Published: September 2018

Cultured keratinocyte grafts transplanted for skin wound repair are often affixed to a wound dressing to facilitate handling. In this study, the ability of five different types of wound dressings to support cell viability and maintain stem cell populations in the cultured grafts was determined. Postconfluent keratinocyte (NHK) sheets were attached to wound dressings for 24 h and then released by trypsinization. Cell viability was determined and NHKs were assessed for clonogenic capacity by colony-forming efficiency (CFE) assays. CFEs for NHKs exposed to a collagen-bonded, bilaminate membrane and a polyurethane film were significantly less than control. On the other hand, CFEs for NHKs exposed to a collagen/alginate dressing and to petrolatum-impregnated gauze were significantly greater than control. The choice of a wound dressing carrier has implications for maintaining long-term viability of the transplanted sheet of epithelium.
Lipid-Mediated In Vivo Gene Transfer Replaces the Loss of Choline Acetyltransferase Activity after Unilateral Fimbria-Fornix Aspiration
Authors: Weis Carla , Kaufmann Walter A. , Humpel Christian
Published: September 2018

In Alzheimer's disease cholinergic neurons degenerate, resulting in loss of hippocampal acetylcholine. The fimbria-fornix aspiration is a well-known animal model mimicking hippocampal cholinergic deficiency. The aim of the present study was to use in vivo lipid-mediated gene transfer to introduce an expression vector coding for the acetylcholine synthesizing enzyme choline acetyltransferase into the hippocampus to replace the loss of enzyme activity after unilateral fimbria-fornix aspiration. Our data show that the lipid FuGene is useful to transfer DNA in vitro into 3T3 fibroblasts, C6 glioma cells, and primary astroglia and to express the respective enzyme. Lipid-mediated gene transfer in vivo resulted in a marked but transient expression of green fluorescent protein below the injection site peaking 5 days after the injection. Unilateral fimbria-fornix aspiration led to a marked reduction in the activity of choline acetyltransferase in the hippocampus, which was completely replaced 5 days after lipid-mediated gene transfer of the choline acetyltransferase vector. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that lipid-mediated gene transfer using FuGene is a useful tool to replace loss of choline acetyltranseferase activity in the hippocampus after fimbria-fornix aspiration; however, the lack of good gene transfer efficiency and the transient nature of expression limit its use for clinical applications.
Soluble Asialoglycoprotein Receptors Reflect the Apoptosis of Hepatocytes
Authors: Kakegawa Tetsuji , Ise Hirohiko , Sugihara Nobuhiro , Nikaido Toshio , Negishi Naoki , Akaike Toshihiro , Tanaka Eiji
Published: September 2018

Cell death is thought to take place through at least two distinct processes: apoptosis and necrosis. There is increasing evidence that dysregulation of the apoptotic program is involved in liver diseases. However, there is no method to simply evaluate apoptosis in the liver tissue at present. It has been reported that the expression of asialoglycoprotein receptors (AGPRs) increases with apoptosis, but there is no report until now that investigates the influence of soluble AGPRs on apoptosis of hepatocytes. Soluble AGPRs have been reported to be present in human serum under physiological conditions. In the present study, in order to investigate the correlation between apoptosis of hepatocytes and soluble AGPR, mouse soluble AGPRs were detected using SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis was conducted using anti-extracellular mouse hepatic lectin-1 (Ex-MHL-1) antiserum (polyclonal rabbit serum). The mouse soluble AGPRs were present in culture medium and mouse serum when hepatocytes were damaged. The soluble AGPRs increased proportionately, as the number of dead hepatocytes increased. In addition, soluble AGPRs existed more when apoptotic cell death was observed in in vitro and in vivo than when necrotic cell death was observed. The extracellular moiety of MHL-1 exists in the culture medium and mouse serum as a soluble AGPR, but the detailed mechanism of releasing soluble AGPR from hepatocytes has not been revealed yet. We described the first evidence for the relation between quantity of soluble AGPRs with two kinds of cell death: necrosis and apoptosis. Based on the results of our study, soluble AGPRs might become a new marker of apoptosis in the liver tissue and be useful for clinical diagnosis and treatment for liver diseases.
Injection of Chemotherapeutic Microspheres and Glioma IV: Eradicating Tumors in Rats
Authors: Emerich Dwaine F. , Winn Shelley R. , Bartus Raymond T.
Published: September 2018

Polymer microspheres can be easily injected into the brain to provide a local and sustained delivery of chemotherapeutics to a tumor or surrounding tissue subject to high rates of tumor recurrence following surgery. Building on previous studies that established the clear advantage of local, peritumoral injections of sustained release microspheres, the following experiments utilized two different approaches for maximizing the survival benefit in glioma-bearing rats. In the first experiment, a previously grown cortical tumor was debulked and animals received either one or two treatments with carboplatin-loaded microspheres (either 200 or 800 μg total carboplatin per treatment). In each case, the microspheres were injected along the perimeter of the resection cavity with each treatment separated by 20 days. Survival studies clearly demonstrated that two, temporally spaced injections were superior to a single series of injections. At the lowest dose tested (200 μg), median survival was increased an additional 40% over that in animals receiving one treatment. At the higher dose (800 μg), one third of the animals receiving two separate treatments were long-term survivors (>150 days) and showed complete eradication of the tumor on histological examination. In the second experiment, we directly compared the efficacy produced by sustained release carboplatin or 1,3-bis[2-chloroethyl]-1-nitrourea (BCNU) alone versus injecting carboplatin and BCNU-loaded micro-spheres blended together as a single suspension. Carboplatin and BCNU both enhanced survival, with BCNU being significantly less effective than carboplatin. However, the greatest improvements in survival were seen when a blended suspension of carboplatin and BCNU microspheres was injected around the surgical cavity. In contrast, spatially alternating injections of BCNU and carboplatin microspheres was significantly less effective and the increase in survival was no greater than that achieved with BCNU alone. These data offer further support for the potential utility of local, sustained release chemotherapeutic microspheres for treating glioma. Moreover, they suggest that injectable chemotherapeutic microspheres may offer important advantages by (a) permitting multiple, temporally spaced injections to be made, as needed, and (b) providing the opportunity to deliver combinations of several different efficacious drugs directly to the tumor site to enhance survival beyond what can be achieved with delivery of any single chemotherapeutic agent.
A Sequential Intrastriatal Dopaminergic Graft Strategy in the Rodent Model for Parkinson's Disease: Implications for Graft Survival and Targeting
Authors: Baker K. A. , Purdy M. B. , Sadi D. , Mukhida K. , Mendez I.
Published: September 2018

Optimal placement of intrastriatal dopaminergic grafts is likely crucial to optimize clinical recovery in Parkinson's disease (PD). The target sites of dopaminergic grafts vary among clinical trials and may partially explain the variable results in clinical efficacy reported thus far. In this study we hypothesized that a subsequent dopaminergic graft may promote functional recovery following a suboptimal initial graft. To test this hypothesis, rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the right nigrostriatal pathway were randomly divided into three groups. The first group received 900,000 fetal nigral cells in the medial striatum only (n = 6). The second group received 900,000 cells in both the medial and lateral striatum simultaneously (1.8 million total; n = 8). The final group received a second graft of 900,000 cells in the lateral striatum 6 weeks following initial transplantation of a medial graft (n = 6). Amphetamine-induced circling behavior was significantly reduced in both simultaneous and sequential graft groups at 9 and 12 weeks following transplantation of the initial graft. However, no recovery was noted in the single medial graft group at those time points. Furthermore, increased survival of dopaminergic cells was observed in the lateral graft of sequentially grafted animals compared with the medial graft. We conclude that a well-positioned subsequent graft can restore function in animals with a suboptimal initial graft and that the initial graft may improve survival of the second graft. These results are further discussed in relation to their important clinical implication for neural transplantation in PD.
Le Children’s Apperception Test : proposition d’une nouvelle méthode de cotation
Authors: Simon Florent , Claudon Philippe
Published: September 2018

Les auteurs présentent une nouvelle grille de cotation du CAT. Le travail de création de la grille est fondé sur 500 protocoles d’enfants (filles et garçons, répartis en trois groupes d’âge : 3-4 ans ; 4-6 ; 6-12). Cet article expose la construction de la grille (outil élaboré avec trois axes descriptifs, portant 16 catégories de cotation qui regroupent au total 83 items de cotation) et présente ses principes d’utilisation originaux principaux. Cette grille de cotation constitue la première partie de travaux de recherche larges destinés à établir, par la suite, une validation empirique de l’épreuve CAT.
Faire du yoga loin du réverbère. Formation au management et éthique incarnée
Authors: Vignon Christophe , Jaotombo Franck
Published: September 2018

Les réflexions actuelles sur la formation au management questionnent l’éthique des managers nouvellement diplômés. Les Business Schools seraient responsables de la dégradation de l’éthique de leurs étudiants. Afin de réduire cette critique nous proposons un dispositif d’incarnation éthique visant à améliorer la générosité éthique des futurs managers. En effet, selon la théorie diprosienne la générosité résulte d’un processus d’incarnation éthique. Nous nous appuyons sur la pratique du yoga et un travail réflexif demandé aux étudiants pour développer cette générosité. Après avoir expérimenté pendant plusieurs années ce dispositif dans une Business School française nous proposons ici une première analyse des données recueillies auprès d’étudiants en Master ayant suivi ce cours. Les analyses exploratoires font apparaître des différences de conscience réflexives entre les filles et les garçons et mettent en lumière quatre dimensions relevant de l’intention, de l’expérience, des cognitions et des affects.
Quand l’athéisme devient jeu
Authors: Staquet Anne
Published: September 2018

Lorsqu’il apprend en 1619 sa condamnation par le Parlement de la ville de Toulouse comme « athée et blasphémateur du nom de Dieu », Giulio Cesare Vanini a trente-quatre ans. On s’attendrait aujourd’hui à ce qu’il se morfonde et se désespère. Loin de là. Ce jeune philosophe réagit à l’annonce de la sentence pourtant cruelle – il est condamné à avoir la langue coupée, à être pendu, puis que son corps soit brûlé sur le bûcher et que ses cendres soient dispersées au vent, afin qu’il ne reste plus rien de lui – avec des paroles étonnantes : « Allons mourir gaiement en philosophe ! ».
« Fondamentalement rien »
Authors: Meignant Christophe
Published: September 2018

Rien – ce en quoi tout se résout ? Ce en quoi tout commence, si tant est qu’un commencement soit possible ? Cherchant, comme Damascius, à assister à la genèse du Tout, le regard se perd dans le silence infini et glisse dans l’abîme, au point qu’on est pris de vertige face au sans fond de l’être : il n’y a Rien.
Traîner avec André Dhôtel
Authors: Marcoin Francis
Published: September 2018

« Je n’arriverai jamais à comprendre ce qu’ils entendent par idéal. J’ai un métier et je ne tiens pas à m’occuper d’autre chose ». Cette réflexion d’un jeune homme, au commencement du roman d’André Dhôtel intitulé L’Azur , pourrait servir d’exergue à tous les livres de l’auteur, appliqué à toujours tirer les fils d’une même pelote, celle d’un personnage à l’entrée d’une vie qu’il ne sait comment mener…
L'indépendance comme position, vertu et stratégie
Authors: Pinto Aurélie
Published: September 2018

Résumé À travers l'observation de l'activité du programmateur d'une salle de cinéma parisienne, cet article propose de rendre compte de la construction de l'indépendance sur le marché de la diffusion cinématographique. Cette observation, qui révèle les critères pratiques de la programmation, permet de sortir de visions soit indigènes (choisir selon ses goûts), soit institutionnelles (la grille du label Art et essai), sans pour autant verser dans une interprétation cynique qui attribuerait aux seules visées commerciales la rationalité propre du programmateur indépendant. Le programmateur apparaît par excellence comme celui en qui se condensent les tensions et rapports de force propres aux indépendants sur un marché de biens culturels.
Repères méthodologiques pour l’évaluation des Contrats Locaux de Santé et de leur capacité à réduire les inégalités sociales de santé
Authors: Schapman-Segalie Sophie , Lombrail Pierre
Published: September 2018

Intoduction : Les Contrats Locaux de Santé sont un des outils prometteurs de lutte contre les inégalités sociales et territoriales de santé. Ils donneront leur plein effet s’ils sont conçus pour mobiliser des ressources intersectorielles visant les déterminants proximaux et fondamentaux des inégalités. Méthodes : Nous proposons une « grille de lecture » de leurs capacités a priori d’atteindre le but recherché. Résultats : Elle comporte deux parties : la première porte sur les buts et objectifs recherchés à travers la mise en place de chaque action (sur quoi veut-on agir pour quels résultats à quel terme ?) ; la seconde porte sur les stratégies et moyens d’action mis en œuvre et répond à la question du « comment agit-on ? ». Une application à l’analyse d’un échantillon de CLS franciliens de 1 re  génération est présentée à titre d’exemple. Elle montre l’importance accordée au système de santé par rapport aux conditions de vie des habitants. Discussion : La discussion porte sur les nécessaires précautions d’emploi d’une grille de travail qui n’aborde pas les conditions de mise en œuvre des actions, ni leur territorialisation, ni leur gouvernance régionale.
Comment les médecins généralistes favorisent-ils l’équité d’accès à l’éducation thérapeutique pour leurs patients ?
Authors: Fournier Cécile , Frattini Marie-Odile , Naiditch Michel , Traynard Pierre-Yves , Gagnayre Rémi , Lombrail Pierre
Published: September 2018

Notre recherche vise à comprendre de quelle manière et à quelles conditions les médecins généralistes contribuent à l’équité d’accès à l’éducation thérapeutique (ETP). Une enquête, se référant à la sociologie interactionniste, a été conduite à partir de récits de pratiques auprès d’un échantillon diversifié de 32 médecins. Ces derniers sont affiliés à des réseaux, maisons ou pôles de santé liés au Pôle de ressources en ETP d’Île-de-France, inscrivant notre étude dans un contexte a priori favorable à l’ETP, dont témoigne aussi le fait que plus de la moitié sont sensibilisés ou formés à l’ETP. En consultation, les médecins interrogés déclarent tous développer des pratiques éducatives plus ou moins structurées, mobilisant des outils qui relèvent toutefois rarement de l’ETP. L’orientation vers d’autres ressources éducatives – professionnels libéraux, programmes d’ETP et ressources d’accompagnement social – reste occasionnelle. Elle est motivée généralement par le souhait de résoudre une difficulté contingente au processus éducatif, avec la préoccupation prioritaire que la relation avec les patients ne soit pas altérée. Les médecins soulignent que leur investissement dans la relation thérapeutique ne dépend pas des caractéristiques psycho-sociales des patients. Néanmoins leurs pratiques éducatives semblent influencées par des anticipations liées notamment à ces caractéristiques. En les prenant en compte, certains médecins développent des pratiques en faveur d’une meilleure équité d’accès, facilitée par plusieurs dynamiques que nous décrivons. Les résultats de cette recherche ouvrent des pistes de réflexion dont peuvent s’emparer les professionnels exerçant en ambulatoire et les structures d’aide au développement de l’ETP pour faciliter l’accès à l’éducation de tous les patients.
Un colloque élaboré à partir du savoir des personnes en grandes difficultés sociales
Authors: de Goer Bruno , Vanoye Jean , Bernati Corinne
Published: September 2018

Introduction : En 2014, un colloque professionnel autour de l’accès à la santé à partir du savoir issu des personnes en grandes difficultés sociales est expérimenté, avec pour repère éthique la charte du croisement des savoirs et des pratiques d’ATD Quart Monde. Une transférabilité de cette approche est-elle envisageable ? Méthodes : Évaluation prospective d’une démarche participative dans un cadre événementiel. Résultats : Des conditions rigoureuses sont nécessaires pour une participation effective des publics en situation de grande précarité. L’accompagnement, la temporalité et le cadrage de la journée sont des facteurs-clés. Conclusion : Cette expérience, risquée mais balisée, a permis la rédaction d’un guide pratique pour que les plus pauvres puissent participer aux évènements les concernant.
Adaptation et conditions d’utilisation d’un outil d’analyse des interventions au regard des inégalités sociales de santé
Authors: Guichard Anne , Hébert Catherine , Nour Kareen , Lafontaine Ginette , Tardieu Émilie , Ridde Valery
Published: September 2018

Si la lutte contre les inégalités sociales de santé ne devrait pas uniquement incomber aux acteurs de santé publique, ces derniers doivent au moins s’assurer que leurs interventions en tiennent compte. Or, les acteurs concernés par ces interventions ne disposent que de peu d’outils, pour les soutenir dans cette démarche. Ainsi, sur la base d’une recherche réalisée en France, nous avons adapté, testé et développé au Québec, un outil visant à aider les acteurs à mieux considérer les inégalités sociales de santé. L’article vise à présenter la démarche ayant mené à l’adaptation de l’outil au contexte québécois, à décrire l’outil, puis à discuter des enjeux de son intégration dans les pratiques professionnelles. Le processus d’adaptation de l’outil a suivi une démarche participative et constructive entre chercheurs, gestionnaires et intervenants afin de disposer d’un outil utile et utilisable. Il est composé de cinq rubriques associées aux interventions (planification, mise en œuvre, évaluation, pérennisation et pouvoir d’agir) et de 44 éléments de réflexion présentés sous la forme de questions. L’outil est accompagné d’un guide d’utilisation, d’un glossaire et d’exemples d’application. Il poursuit une démarche réflexive et constructive où les acteurs concernés par une intervention peuvent être accompagnés par un tiers médiateur afin d’analyser leur prise en compte des inégalités sociales de santé. L’appréciation permet ainsi de proposer collectivement des pistes d’améliorations, que l’on peut suivre dans le temps, afin de mieux prendre en considération l’équité dans les interventions de santé publique. L’article conclut sur certains enjeux liés à son intégration dans les pratiques professionnelles.
Teacher learning under co-construction: Affordances of digital social annotated reading
Authors: Michelson Kristen , Dupuy Beatrice
Published: September 2018

Following calls for more extensive professional development (PD) opportunities for novice L2 teaching assistants (TA), this article reports on a PD activity implemented with six French TAs who read and discussed scholarly literature related to multiliteracies pedagogies through a digital social annotated reading (DSAR) platform in a discussion section concurrent to their methods course. Using the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework developed by Garrison et al. (2000), participants' margin dialogues around academic articles were analyzed for indicators of cognitive, social, and teaching presence in order to examine the type and quality of knowledge co-construction that could emerge within this community of TAs. Findings reveal notably high levels of cognitive presence with respect to social and teaching presence, and compared to prior studies examining cognitive presence in more traditional types of digitally mediated discussion environments, such as discussion forums.
Multi-Level Web Service Clustering to Bootstrap the Web Service Discovery and Selection
Authors: Kumara Banage T. G. S. , Paik Incheon , Koswatte Koswatte R. C.
Published: September 2018

Existing technologies for web services have been extended to give the value-added customized services to users through the service composition. Service composition consists of four major stages: planning, discovery, selection, and execution. However, with the proliferation of web services, service discovery and selection are becoming challenging and time-consuming tasks. Organizing services into similar clusters is a very efficient approach. Existing clustering approaches have problems that include discovering semantic characteristics, loss of semantic information, and a shortage of high-quality ontologies. Thus, the authors proposed hybrid term similarity-based clustering approach in their previous work. Further, the current clustering approaches do not consider the sub-clusters within a cluster. In this chapter, the authors propose a multi-level clustering approach to prune the search space further in discovery process. Empirical study of the prototyping system has proved the effectiveness of the proposed multi-level clustering approach.
Effect of Different Fertilizers on Crop Growth, Oil yield and Chemical Composition of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citrates (DC.) Stapf)
Authors: Premathilake U.G.A.T , Wathugala D.L , Dharmadasa R.M
Published: September 2018

Purpose: Lemongrass (Cymbopogan citrates (DC) Stapf. ) is ranked among the top ten oil bearing crops in the world and the essential oils of lemongrass are widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food and flavor, agriculture industries and possess an array of medicinal uses. Aromatic grasses respond well to application of manures and fertilizers. However, farmers do not use fertilizer. Therefore, it is very important to find out the possibility to increase oil yield and improve the quality of essential oil by applying inorganic and organic fertilizer. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the effect of fertilizers on crop growth, bio mass production, oil yield and chemical composition of Lemongrass.Research Method: Three different fertilizer mixtures (F1:compost only, F2: inorganic fertilizer (urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash at the rate of 278, 296 and 175kg/ha respectively) and F3: inorganic fertilizer + Compost) were used with (F0) control (without fertilizer). Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used as the experimental design. Number of leaves, tillers and plant height (cm) were recorded. Oil yield and chemical composition of five months old plants were evaluated. Essential oil was extracted by hydro distillation and chemical composition of essential oil was analyzed by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry.Findings: Highest herbage yield (15.94 t ha-), dry matter yield (4.82 t ha-) and oil yield (fresh wgt. basis) (59.16 kg ha-) were recorded in the treatment of F3  (Compost 106.5g: Urea 2.96g: TSP 3.15g: MOP 1.86g per plant). Citral, β- Citral, Geraniol, α Pinene, cis – Verbenol were major chemical compounds identified in oil. Research Limitations: The study focused on whether there were benefits of using organic and inorganic fertilizers for lemongrass cultivation. However, the research was done only for a limited number of fertilizer mixtures. Further research with different fertilizer mixtures will offer most suitable mixture of fertilizers.  Originality/Value: Present study revealed that, application of inorganic fertilizer along with compost result best growth performances and highest oil yield with high quantities of economically important major chemical constituents in lemongrass.
Diversification of Bw4 Specificity and Recognition of a Nonclassical MHC Class I Molecule Implicated in Maternal–Fetal Tolerance by Killer Cell Ig-like Receptors of the Rhesus Macaque
Authors: Banerjee Priyankana , Ries Moritz , Janaka Sanath Kumar , Grandea Andres G. , Wiseman Roger , O’Connor David H. , Golos Thaddeus G. , Evans David T.
Published: September 2018

The rhesus macaque is an important animal model for AIDS and other infectious diseases; however, studies to address NK cell function in this species have been limited by the lack of defined ligands for killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs). To identify ligands for rhesus macaque KIRs, we adopted a novel approach based on a pair of stable cell lines. NFAT-responsive luciferase reporter cell lines expressing the extracellular domains of macaque KIRs fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of CD28 and CD3ζ were incubated with target cells expressing individual MHC class I molecules, and ligand recognition was detected by the MHC class I–dependent upregulation of luciferase. Using this approach, we found that Mamu-KIR3DL01, -KIR3DL06, -KIR3DL08, and -KIR3DSw08 all recognize Mamu-Bw4 molecules but with differing allotype specificity. In contrast, Mamu-KIR3DL05 recognizes Mamu-A and Mamu-A–related molecules, including Mamu-A1*002 and -A3*13, Mamu-B*036, the product of a recombinant Mamu-B allele with α1 and α2 domain sequences derived from a MHC-A gene, and Mamu-AG*01, a nonclassical molecule expressed on placental trophoblasts that originated from an ancestral duplication of a MHC-A gene. These results reveal an expansion of the lineage II KIRs in macaques that recognize Bw4 ligands and identify a nonclassical molecule implicated in placental development and pregnancy as a ligand for Mamu-KIR3DL05. In addition to offering new insights into KIR–MHC class I coevolution, these findings provide an important foundation for investigating the role of NK cells in the rhesus macaque as an animal model for infectious diseases and reproductive biology.
Association of childhood maltreatment with internalising and externalising disorders in trauma-exposed adolescents
Authors: Van den Heuvel Leigh L. , Koning Milo , Nöthling Jani , Seedat Soraya
Published: September 2018

Introduction: South African adolescents experience high levels of trauma, including various types of childhood maltreatment. Different types of maltreatment often co-occur. Previous research suggests that childhood maltreatment provokes a latent liability to internalising and externalising dimensions of psychopathology. Our objective was to examine the effects of childhood maltreatment on internalising and externalising disorders in trauma-exposed adolescents and to assess the mediating effect of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on these associations.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 262 trauma exposed adolescents (aged 12–18 years) in South Africa. Childhood maltreatment and PTSD severity were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Child PTSD Checklist, respectively. Psychiatric disorders were diagnosed utilising the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia – Present and Lifetime version – and were grouped into internalising and externalising disorders. Hierarchal logistic regression was used to assess the association between childhood maltreatment types and internalising and externalising disorders, controlling for statistically significant socio-demographic characteristics, with PTSD severity added to the final model as a potential mediator.Results: Sexual abuse was significantly associated with internalising disorders (B = 0.07, p = 0.011), although this effect was mediated by PTSD severity (B = 0.05, p = 0.001; not included as an internalising disorder). In contrast, physical abuse (B = 0.09, p = 0.004) and gender (B = 0.70, p = 0.035) were associated with externalising disorders, but the addition of PTSD severity did not significantly alter these associations.Conclusion: The association between sexual abuse and internalising disorders was fully mediated by PTSD symptom severity. Gender and physical abuse severity, but not PTSD severity, was associated with the presence of externalising disorders. Adolescents displaying internalising or externalising psychopathology need to be assessed for exposure to childhood physical and sexual abuse and PTSD comorbidity.
Descontinuidade no seguimento de pacientes atendidos em ambulatório de pneumologia em Belém do Pará
Authors: Monteiro José Tadeu Colares , Nascimento Junior Ivalto Gonçalves , Silva Monique Almeida , Pinheiro Marília de Fátima Silva , Nascimento Rafaela dos Santos
Published: September 2018

Objetivo: Identificar o perfil socio demográfico dos pacientes que descontinuaram o seguimento ambulatorial de pneumopatias e analisar variantes que podem influenciar na descontinuidade do seguimento dos mesmos. Materiais e Métodos: Trata se de um estudo transversal descritivo retrospectivo baseado em uma coleta de dados realizada através de questionário contendo variáveis sócio demográficas, prováveis diagnósticos, exames solicitados, intervenção terapêutica, encaminhamento para outras especialidades e comorbidades. Resultados: A prevalência da descontinuidade no seguimento ambulatorial de pneumologia ocorreu em mulheres, com idade acima de 50 anos, naturais de Belém, com procedência da Região Metropolitana. A asma foi a doença pulmonar mais presente entre os pacientes que abandonaram o seguimento ambulatorial. Houve prevalência significante de pacientes que referiram presença de outras comorbidades, sendo a Hipertensão Arterial e Diabetes Melitos as mais referidas entre as comorbidades dos pacientes. Conclusão: A adesão ao tratamento pode sofrer interferências de vários fatores, como os geográficos, financeiro, organizacionais e de informação. É necessário que os profissionais de saúde conheçam esses fatores para que possam planejar e implementar estratégias adequadas aos seus pacientes.
Observed aerosol suppression of cloud ice in low-level Arctic mixed-phase clouds
Authors: Norgren Matthew S. , de Boer Gijs , Shupe Matthew D.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The interactions that occur between aerosols and a mixed-phase
cloud system, and the subsequent alteration of the microphysical state of
such clouds, are a problem that has yet to be well constrained. Advancing our
understanding of aerosol–ice processes is necessary to determine the impact
of natural and anthropogenic emissions on Earth's climate and to improve our
capability to predict future climate states. This paper deals specifically
with how aerosols influence ice mass production in low-level Arctic
mixed-phase clouds. In this study, a 9-year record of aerosol, cloud and
atmospheric state properties is used to quantify aerosol influence on ice
production in mixed-phase clouds. It is found that mixed-phase clouds present
in a clean aerosol state have higher ice water content (IWC) by a factor of 1.22 to
1.63 at cloud base than do similar clouds in cases with higher aerosol
loading. We additionally analyze radar-derived mean Doppler velocities to
better understand the drivers behind this relationship, and we conclude that
aerosol induced reduction of the ice crystal nucleation rate, together with
decreased riming rates in polluted clouds, are likely influences on the
observed reductions in IWC.
Greenhouse gas emissions from boreal inland waters unchanged after forest harvesting
Authors: Klaus Marcus , Geibrink Erik , Jonsson Anders , Bergström Ann-Kristin , Bastviken David , Laudon Hjalmar , Klaminder Jonatan , Karlsson Jan
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Forestry practices often result in an increased export of carbon
and nitrogen to downstream aquatic systems. Although these losses affect the
greenhouse gas (GHG) budget of managed forests, it is unknown if they modify
GHG emissions of recipient aquatic systems. To assess this question,
air–water fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and
nitrous oxide (N2O) were quantified for humic lakes and their inlet
streams in four boreal catchments using a
before-after control-impact experiment. Two catchments were treated with
forest clear-cuts followed by site preparation (18 % and 44 % of the
catchment area). GHG fluxes and hydrological and physicochemical water
characteristics were measured at multiple locations in lakes and streams at
high temporal resolution throughout the summer season over a 4-year
period. Both lakes and streams evaded all GHGs. The treatment did not
significantly change GHG fluxes in streams or lakes within 3 years after
the treatment, despite significant increases of CO2 and CH4
concentrations in hillslope groundwater. Our results highlight that GHGs
leaching from forest clear-cuts may be buffered in the riparian zone–stream
continuum, likely acting as effective biogeochemical processors and wind
shelters to prevent additional GHG evasion via downstream inland waters.
These findings are representative of low productive forests located in
relatively flat landscapes where forestry practices cause only a limited
initial impact on catchment hydrology and biogeochemistry.
Reduced phosphorus loads from the Loire and Vilaine Rivers were
accompanied by increasing eutrophication in Vilaine Bay (South
Brittany, France)
Authors: Ratmaya Widya , Soudant Dominique , Salmon-Monviola Jordy , Cochennec-Laureau Nathalie , Goubert Evelyne , Andrieux-Loyer Françoise , Barillé Laurent , Souchu Philippe
Published: September 2018

Abstract. The evolution of eutrophication (i.e., phytoplankton biomass) during recent decades was examined in the coastal waters of Vilaine Bay (VB, France) in relation to those in their main external nutrient sources, the Loire and Vilaine Rivers. Dynamic Linear Models, corroborated by the Mann-Kendall test, were used to study long-term trends and seasonality of dissolved inorganic nutrient and chlorophyll a concentrations (Chl a) in rivers and coastal waters between 1980 and 2013. The reduction in dissolved riverine inorganic phosphorus concentrations (DIP) from the early 1990s led to the decrease in their Chl a levels. However, dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations (DIN) decreased only slightly in the Vilaine and actually increased in the Loire, especially during summer. Simultaneously, phytoplankton in the VB has undergone profound changes with: (1) increase in biomass, (2) change in the position of the annual peak from spring to summer, and (3) increase in diatom:dinoflagellate ratios, especially in summer. The increase in phytoplankton biomass in VB, particularly in summer, was probably due to increased DIN loads from the Loire, sustained by internal regeneration of DIP and dissolved silicate from sediments. This long-term ecosystem-scale analysis reports the consequence of nutrient management scenarios focused solely on P reduction. Freshwater ecosystems upstream reveal successful recoveries through the control of P alone, while eutrophication continues to increase downstream, especially during the period of N limitation. Therefore, nutrient management strategies, paying particular attention to diffuse N-sources, are required to control eutrophication in receiving coastal waters.
DEFINITION OF CONTOUR LINES INTERPOLATION OPTIMAL METHODS FOR E-GOVERNMENT SOLUTIONS
Authors: Noskov A. , Zipf A.
Published: September 2018

Abstract. Citizens expect high quality and rich e-Government solutions. Map based applications could be significantly improved by utilization of digital elevation models (DEMs). DEMs can be produced using expensive modern remote sensing solutions (e.g., LIDAR). Such data are not available for the wide public. Thus, it is very effective to use contour line maps to derive high-quality DEMs. For many cities around the world, contour line maps available under liberal licenses. Defining an optimal algorithm of contour line interpolation and evaluation of the quality of DEM is an important challenge. In this article, we propose a simple method allowing users to evaluate the quality of DEM produced from a contour line map and define an optimal interpolation algorithm. This method was tested on Turin (Italy) data sets. The results were proved by a visual analysis. The approach is utilized in existing e-Government WebGIS services. This work introduces an information theory-based approach to DEM quality assessment. The results can be utilized in various domains related to DEM quality assurance.