bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Temperature, microwave power and pomace thickness impact on the drying kinetics and quality of carrot pomace
Authors: Abano Ernest Ekow , Amoah Robert Sarpong , Opoku Eugene Kwabena
Published: April 2019

This study investigated the effect of air temperature, microwave power, and pomace thickness on the drying kinetics and quality of dried carrot pomace. The study established that the drying of carrot pomace occurs in the falling rate period, suggesting that drying was driven by molecular diffusion. The microwave-drying moisture diffusivity increased with microwave power and ranged between 1.57×10–8 and 2.61×10–8 m2/s. As regards convective air-drying, the moisture diffusivity values were between 3.38×10–10 and 8.27×10–10 m2/s. The microwave powerto-mass activation energy was 15.079 W/g for 5 mm, 7.599 W/g for 10 mm and 9.542 W/g for 15 mm dried samples. Meanwhile, the temperature-dependent activation energy for carrot pomace was found to be 27.637 kJ/mol for 5 mm, 17.92 kJ/mol for 10 mm and 38.76 kJ/mol for 15 mm thickness pomace. Generally, drying time decreased with increasing microwave power or air temperature. The ascorbic acid content of the fresh carrot pomace reduced after both microwave and convective air-drying. However, microwave power, and sample thickness had significant effect on the β-carotene content of dried products but air temperature did not have a significant effect. The effect of temperature and sample thickness on brown pigment formation was substantial with air temperature compared to microwave. The study has demonstrated that microwave drying, compared to conventional drying, enhances moisture removal, drying time, and preservation of carotenoids and ascorbic acid. Therefore, microwave drying can be considered as an alternative method for obtaining quality dried carrot pomace.
Comparison of techniques for ammonia emission mitigation during storage of livestock manure and assessment of their effect in the management chain
Authors: Finzi Alberto , Riva Elisabetta , Bicoku Alda , Guido Viviana , Shallari Seit , Provolo Giorgio
Published: April 2019

The reduction of ammonia (NH3) emissions associated with manure management requires identification and implementation of effective techniques. The objective of this study was to measure potential ammonia emissions from animal manure and evaluate emission reductions for five mitigation techniques (straw, sawdust, clay, oil and sulphuric acid). Although numerous studies have evaluated individual mitigation techniques, the variability of their effect with different types of slurries has not been fully investigated. Furthermore, the assessment of ammonia emissions from the subsequent land application of stored manure (or slurry) using different techniques would indicate the practical consequences of the entire slurry management chain. The effects of mitigation techniques were evaluated using a model to simulate field application of slurry. Three techniques were compared: broadcast spreading, band spreading and closed-slot injection. Simulations utilised data from experiments conducted at a controlled temperature on six slurries of three different types: pig, cattle and digestate. Ammonia emissions from the raw slurries (i.e., untreated slurry) were determined using the dynamic chamber technique and compared with those from the slurries treated using each of five mitigation techniques. A subsample of one 1 L of each slurry was transferred into 2 L plastic bottles. An airflow of 1 L min–1 across the headspace was established and then emissions were measured over a period of 24 h. The air outlet was connected to two serial acids traps filled with 1% boric acid. The quantity of NH3 trapped was determined by titration. Acidification and oil addition were the most effective techniques, reducing ammonia emission from raw slurries by more than 95% and 80%, respectively. The mitigation effects of straw and sawdust were higher for cattle slurry and digestate than for pig slurry, while clay had an opposite effect. The overall assessment of ammonia emissions from storage and subsequent field application showed that acidification followed by closed-slot injection emitted at most 12% of the emissions from the reference system, while emissions from acidification followed by band spreading were between 14% and 22% of those from the reference system. The latter appears to be both more effective than broadcast spreading and technically more easily operated than a closed-slot injector.
Reference surface and subsurface sections of the Besa River Formation, Liard Basin, British Columbia
Authors: Kabanov P , Richards B C , Lee H S , Thapa P , King H M , Mort A
Published: April 2019

The Middle Devonian to Upper Mississippian Besa River Formation (currently being elevated to a group by other authors) is a thick (300-1000 m) gas-prone succession of organic-rich basinal shales, bedded chert, and fine-grained limestone widely preserved in the
Liard Basin of British Columbia, Yukon Territory, and Northwest Territories. The Besa River contains a major frontier shale-gas prospect in the Famennian to lower Tournaisian Exshaw Member and underlying informal Patry unit. The internal stratigraphic framework of the Besa River is poorly known and
warrants intensive study because of its substantial economic significance. This report provides illustrated descriptions, lithologs, and spectral gamma surveys of one outcrop and three cored sections of the Besa River in the Liard Basin of B.C. and in the adjacent western part of the Horn River
Basin. This study is part of the joint activity of Geological Survey of Canada, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), and Filippo Ferri of B.C. Ministry of Natural Gas Development.
Multilingualism and augmentative and alternative communication in South Africa – Exploring the views of persons with complex communication needs
Authors: Tönsing Kerstin M. , Van Niekerk Karin , Schlünz Georg , Wilken Ilana
Published: April 2019

Background: Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) can assist persons with complex communication needs to communicate competently with a variety of communication partners in a variety of contexts. However, AAC systems and intervention often do not take multilingual aspects into consideration.Objective: This small-scale exploratory study had three aims, namely: (1) to describe the self-reported language skills of multilingual South African adults using AAC, (2) to describe the languages and communication modalities they used in interaction and (3) to obtain their views regarding access to various languages.Methods: Twenty-seven adults using AAC were recruited via an empowerment programme, as well as an email list for persons interested in AAC, and provided responses to a questionnaire. To compensate for access and written language challenges, the questionnaire was administered with help and/or as a face-to-face interview where needed. Responses were analysed using mostly descriptive statistics.Results: Participants generally could not express themselves in all the languages they understood and were regularly exposed to. Speech-generating devices specifically gave access almost exclusively to English. Participants expressed a desire to increase their expressive language repertoire, and mentioned both limitations of communication technology as well as their own literacy skills as barriers to overcome in this regard.Conclusion: In order for multilingual South African adults using AAC to express themselves in multiple languages, appropriate AAC systems and interventions as well as literacy learning opportunities need to be developed and provided.
Validation of Test Procedure for Measuring the Fuel Consumption of Production-Model FCVs
Authors: Koshika Kenichiroh , Niikuni Tetsuya , Kawai Terunao
Published: April 2019

Factors affecting the measurement of the fuel consumption of FCVs were analyzed to reveal their sensitivity. The method for measuring fuel consumption described in WLTP is to measure the hydrogen consumption by using an electric precision balance and off-vehicle tanks (not on-vehicle tanks). This is unique compared with conventional vehicles such as petrol-engine vehicles and pure-electric vehicles. Therefore, we examined the sensitivities of the effect of hydrogen consumption determination, the effect of hydrogen supply pipe design, and the effect of hydrogen supply pipe management. The experiments were conducted with two production models of FCVs having different FC management systems. The effects were quantitatively evaluated by comparing the fuel consumption rate driving in WLTC.
A Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Gas Purge in Flow Channel with Real GDL Surface Characteristics for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Xu Peng , Xu Sichuan , Liu Pengcheng , Liu Xingyu
Published: April 2019

Gas purge is considered as an essential shutdown process for a PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell), especially in subfreezing temperature. The water flooding phenomenon inside fuel cell flow channel have a marked impact on performance in normal operating condition. In addition, the residual water freezes in the subzero temperature, thus blocking the mass transfer from flow channel to porous media. Therefore, the gas purge course is of primary importance for improvement of performance and durability. The water droplet residing in the flow channel can be purged out due to shearing force of gas. In fact, the flow channel is not completely flat due to surface roughness of gas diffusion layer (GDL), meaning the water droplet may climb over obstacles. Moreover, the water droplet may block the flow channel and then be sheared into films on the surface of GDL. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM), based on the mesoscopic kinetic theory, has recently become a powerful simulation tool for multiphase flow. The main advantages of LBM over traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) include capacity for investigating complicated geometries, simple implementation, high computation efficiency and easy implementation of parallel-processing. In the present work, the multicomponent multiphase lattice Boltzmann (LB) model is developed and applied to simulate the gas purge process in the flow channel with real GDL surface characteristics for PEMFC. The real GDL surface characteristics (obstacle, wettability, blockage of channel, etc.) is investigated mainly. We hope to have a better understanding of gas purge mechanism from a mesoscopic way.
Direito e cidadania: inserção transversal de temas jurídicos em disciplinas escolares no ensino médio
Authors: Gama Laura Judith De Jesus , Raposo Rodrigo Otávio Bastos Silva
Published: April 2019

Pesquisa-se metodologias lúdicas e eficazes para inserção transversal de conhecimento jurídico em escola do ensino médio. Indaga-se acerca de qual a melhor forma de conduzir as atividades de modo que se avalie a viabilidade e os benefícios da transversalidade ou da criação de disciplinas jurídicas na grade curricular. Diante do problema, constata-se a viabilidade jurídica e pedagógica da proposta e suas consequências positivas. A abordagem por meio de dinâmicas e discussões interessantes propicia a compreensão do conteúdo escolar sob uma nova ótica que mescla e harmoniza os conhecimentos de modo que se otimiza o aprendizado em sala de aula. Destaca-se que a discussão de questões jurídicas deve ser incluída entre os conteúdos obrigatórios do Ensino Médio, uma vez que não é só um fator de inclusão social, mas também de promoção da cidadania.
Storage and routing of water in the deep critical zone of a snow dominated volcanic catchment
Authors: White Alissa , Moravec Bryan , McIntosh Jennifer , Olshansky Yaniv , Paras Ben , Sanchez R. Andres , Ferré Ty P. A. , Meixner Thomas , Chorover Jon
Published: April 2019

Abstract. This study combines major ion and isotope chemistry, age tracers, fracture density characterizations, and physical hydrology measurements to understand how the structure of the critical zone (CZ) influences its function, including water routing, storage, mean water residence times, and hydrologic response. In a high elevation rhyolitic tuff catchment in the Jemez River Basin Critical Zone Observatory (JRB-CZO) within the Valles Caldera National Preserve of northern New Mexico, a periodic precipitation pattern creates different hydrologic flow regimes during spring snowmelt, summer monsoon rain, and fall storms. Hydrometric, geochemical, and isotopic analyses of surface water and groundwater from distinct stores, most notably a perched aquifer in consolidated collapse breccia and deeper groundwater in a fractured tuff aquifer, enabled us to untangle the interactions of these groundwater stores and their contribution to streamflow across one complete water year. Despite seasonal differences in groundwater response due to water partitioning, major ion chemistry indicates that deep groundwater from the highly fractured site is more representative of groundwater contributing to streamflow across the entire water year. Additionally, comparison of streamflow and groundwater hydrographs indicates hydraulic connection between the fractured welded tuff aquifer and streamflow while the perched aquifer within the collapse breccia deposit does not show this same connection. Furthermore, analysis of age tracers and stable water isotopes indicates that groundwater is a mix of modern and older waters recharged from snowmelt and downhole neutron probe surveys suggest that water moves through the vadose zone both as vertical infiltration and subsurface lateral flow, depending on lithology. We find that in complex geologic terrain like that of the JRB-CZO, differences in CZ architecture of two hillslopes within a headwater catchment control water storage and routing through the subsurface and suggest that the perched aquifer does not contribute significantly to streams while deep fractured aquifers contribute most to streamflow.
Medical Liability Erased: How the Protecting Access to Care Act of 2017 Limits Patients’ Access to Proper Care
Authors: Cohen Ben
Published: April 2019

This paper outlines the severe impact that the Protecting Access to Care Act would have on victims of malpractice who have suffered grave injuries, and also explains how the bill would nearly eliminate patients’ ability to recover damages when doctors or hospitals provide negligent care. Part II of this paper will examine some of the limits that this bill would impose and the impact it would have on injured patients’ ability to recover damages. Part III will describe those entities that are truly driving this bill and what their motives for doing so are. Part IV will clarify some of the misconceptions about tort reform and caps on damages and why the enactment of this bill would ultimately do more harm than good. Finally, Part V will examine the benefits of medical malpractice litigation and why it is imperative to ensure that patients have the ability to find redress in a court of law.
A Conceptual Model of Sales Tax Compliance among Jordanian SMEs and Its Implications for Future Research
Authors: Alshira’h Ahmad Farhan , Abdul-Jabbar Hijattulah
Published: April 2019

Tax compliance is a serious and growing issue all over the world. The government of Jordan undertakes various fiscal measures to maximize domestic throughout the past few decades but according to the annual reports, the country still faces a sharp increase in net public debt and fiscal deficit brought about by the increase in the rate of tax non-compliance, and this particularly holds true for sales tax. Therefore, this study generally focuses on the topic of tax non-compliance, specifically sales tax in the Jordanian context. Literature is still lacking of studies that examined determinants of sales tax compliance and several determinants may be the causes behind the non-compliance phenomenon but a general tax compliance model is not effective in explaining the issue. Therefore, for an in-depth understanding of sales tax compliance determinants in Jordanian SMEs, the present research brings forth an extension of Fischer’s model of tax compliance, with the addition of the moderating influence of tax services quality. The proposed model takes social, psychological and economic factors into consideration within one comprehensive model to provide insight into sales tax compliance among SMEs in Jordan.
Impact of Accounting Measurement and Disclosure of Human Resources on Financial Statements: An Empirical Study
Authors: El-Mousawi Hasan Y. , Kanso Hasan H.
Published: April 2019

In recent years, there has been an argument about whether or not human resources costs should be reported in the balance sheets or in the income statements as costs. This research aims at studying accounting measurement and disclosure of human resources and their impact on an organization’s financial statements, which are considered the main source of decision-making. The researchers adopted the analytical descriptive approach, utilizing an empirical study. A questionnaire was constructed and distributed to a population of Lebanese Certified Public Accountants and professors at public and private universities. The research yielded some important findings, mainly that investment in human resources can be considered as an asset of the organization, just like other intangible assets. The researchers also found that accounting disclosure of human resource costs actually affects financial statements.
Measuring the Geometrical Parameters of Slub Yarn Using a Computer Vision Based Image Sequencing Technique
Authors: Li Zhongjian , Xiang Jun , Wang Lei , Zhang Ning , Wang Jing-an , Pan Ruru , Gao Weidong
Published: April 2019

This article presents a computer vision method for measuring the geometrical parameters of slub yarn based on yarn sequence images captured from a moving slub yarn. An image segmentation method proposed by our earlier work was applied to segment sequence slub yarn images to obtain overlapping diameter data. Then an image stitching method was proposed to remove the overlapped data based on the normalised cross correlation (NCC) method. In order to detect the geometrical parameters of slub yarn, the frequency histogram , curve fitting, and spectrogram methods were adopted to analyse the sequence diameter data obtained. Four kinds of slub yarn with different geometrical parameters were tested using the method proposed and Uster method. The experimental results show that the detection results for slub amplitude, slub length, slub distance, and slub period obtained using the method proposed were consistent with the set values and Uster results.
Metallic Electroconductive Transmission Lines Obtained on Textile Substrates by Magnetron Sputtering
Authors: Nowak Iwona , Krucińska Izabella , Januszkiewicz Łukasz
Published: April 2019

The paper discusses the results of research concerning the formation of electroconductive transmission lines on textile substrates using the magnetron sputtering technique. The transmission lines developed can potentially be applied in clothing for emergency and security services to affect electrical connections between electronic elements incorporated in the garments. The time of metallic layer deposition and the type of substrate used was optimised in the study. The surface resistivity, resistance to bending and abrasion of the transmission lines obtained were tested. The tests demonstrated that it is possible to obtain electroconductive copper layers with a surface resistivity approximating 0.2 Ω by direct deposition on spun-bonded type polypropylene nonwoven.
Leisure Time Physical Activity of Students of The Institute of Health Sciences at The State Higher Vocational School in Tarnów
Authors: Madejski Eligiusz , Bibro Marta , Wódka Katarzyna , Łaczek-Wójtowicz Małgorzata , Madejski Roger , Szalewski Jacek
Published: April 2019

Introduction: Physical activity, apart from enhancing proper body functioning, is a natural need of every human being, and taken up regularly brings numerous health benefits. The aim of the research was to define the level of physical activity in leisure time as well as to present the forms of physical activity preferred by students.
Material and methods: The research was conducted in the academic year 2017/2018 among the first year students of The State Higher Vocational School in Tarnów, majoring in Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Nursing. The survey covered the total of 209 students, 153 females (73.2%) and 56 males (26.8%). A diagnostic survey was applied as the research method, and the empirical material was collected with the use of a questionnaire.
Results: The research showed that the level of students’ physical activity varied depending on both sex and the field of study. The majority of the respondents (66.5%) showed a low level of physical activity. The female students most frequently practised swimming (22.2%) and running (13.1%), whereas the male students preferred football (32.1%), gym workout (17.9%) and, similarly to the females, swimming (14.3%).
Conclusions: On the basis of the research results and the formulated conclusions it can be stated that taking decisive and effective actions in order to develop positive attitudes towards physical culture among children and youth and to prepare them for lifelong care for their body should be a priority.
Resolving Presalt Sediment Source Terrains and Dispersal Pathways for the Northern Gulf of Mexico Basin
Authors: Frederick Bruce C. , Blum Mike D. , Lowery Chris M. , Snedden John W.
Published: April 2019

As part of a larger intercollegiate effort to reconstruct late Triassic, presalt sediment provenance and routing environments for the Gulf of Mexico sedimentary basin, an integrated geochronologic approach leveraging more traditional biostratigraphic, sedimentologic, and sequence stratigraphic provenance constraints from geologic cores, cuttings, and geophysical well logs was initiated. This paper presents the initial results of this ongoing study and details detrital zircon U-Pb extraction methodologies while Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry analyses are pending. Eagle Mills Formation sandstone samples were collected from well core and cuttings, at five sub-crop locations extending from Texas to South Carolina to the West Florida shelf, in preparation for U-Pb detrital zircon provenance analysis. Prior to separation of detrital zircon grains, a sedimentologic-stratigraphic analysis was conducted including detailed core description, well log evaluation, and thin-section petrography assessment. These findings confirm a hypothesis that late Triassic Eagle Mills siliciclastics were derived from the erosion of an active horst-graben rift block topography with associated igneous intrusives. Specifically, preliminary results reveal pervasive very finegrained mottled gray to red bed sandstone lithology confirming synrift continental alluvium having little or no marine component, and probable deposition in a warm, humid environment but with increasing aridity. Classic fluvial facies features are highlighted including depositional cross strata typifying dynamic braided to meandering channel belts and alluvial floodplain deposits. Less common siltstone and shale lithologies were likely deposited amidst lower energy subfacies including potential shallow lakes, marshes, and/or ephemeral ponds. Bioturbated trace fossils were only rarely preserved, and there was no evidence of marine or eolian facies incursion. Igneous magmatism was prevalent in most subsurface Eagle Mills Formation samples including intrusive diabase, basalt flows, and volcanic ash.
Cenomanian Gulf of Mexico Paleodrainage—Application of Channel-Belt Scaling to Drainage Basins
Authors: Milliken Kristy , Blum Mike , Snedden John , Galloway Bill
Published: April 2019

Fluvial systems possess a range of scaling relationships that reflect drainage-basin controls on water and sediment flux. Quaternary channel-belt thickness (as controlled by bank-full water discharge) has been documented as a reliable first-order proxy for drainage basin size if climatic regimes are independently constrained. In hydrocarbon exploration and production, scaling relationships for fluvial deposits can be utilized to constrain drainage basin size with implications for sequence-stratigraphic interpretations.

This study documents the scales of channel belts within Cenomanian fluvial successions from the Gulf of Mexico. Data on single-story channel-belt scales were compiled from well logs and utilized to constrain contributing catchment areas of fluvial systems. The data indicate that the Cenomanian fluvial systems were significantly smaller than the Cenozoic fluvial systems, which can be related to drainage basin reorganization. These scaling relationships can be validated by regional paleogeographic maps and provide additional insight into the variability of sediment routing systems through time.
Stratigraphy of Fredericksburg-Washita Division (Albian), Comanche-Cretaceous, Texas, Emphasizing Person and Georgetown Formations
Authors: Rose Peter R.
Published: April 2019

A regional network of five interlocking stratigraphic cross-sections compiling the published work of many geologists throughout central and southwest Texas demonstrates the true stratigraphic relationships among formations of the Lower Cretaceous Fredericksburg and lower Washita subcycles. Strongly supported by a long-established ammonite zonation, these detailed stratigraphic cross-sections show lateral relations between Edwards Group formations (Kainer, Person, Fort Terrett, Segovia, Fort Lancaster, and Devils River) of the Central Texas Platform with equivalent formations of the East Texas Basin (Walnut, Comanche Peak, Goodland, Georgetown) and the Maverick Basin of South Texas (West Nueces, McKnight, Salmon Peak). These cross-sections document the following regional stratigraphic relationships: The Burt Ranch Member (basal Segovia Formation), the Regional Dense Member (basal Person Formation), and the Kiamichi Member (basal Georgetown Formation) are stratigraphic equivalents, all three being in the Adkinsites bravoensis Ammonite Zone (lowermost Washita)The peritidal Person Formation is the shelf-interior equivalent of the pelagic-shelf Georgetown Formation, except for its uppermost member, the Main Street, which forms the thin remnant Georgetown Formation on the distal Central Texas Platform.Thus the Person Formation is properly assigned to the lower Washita subcycle, not the Fredericksburg.
Revision of the African shieldbug genus Afrius Stål, 1870 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae)
Authors: Roell Talita , Lemaître Valérie A. , Webb Michael D.
Published: April 2019

The African shieldbug genus Afrius Stål, 1870 is revised. Cantheconidea migratoria Distant, 1913 and A. williamsi Miller, 1952 are proposed as junior synonyms of A. (Subafrius) flavirostrum (Signoret, 1861) whereas Canthecona marmorata Dallas, 1851, Canthecona annulipes Dallas, 1851 and A. rubromarginatus Bergroth, 1903 are proposed as junior synonyms of A. (Afrius) purpureus (Westwood, 1837) based on the general morphology and genitalia of the species. The three valid species, viz. A. (Subafrius) flavirostrum, A. (Afrius) kolleri Schouteden, 1911 and A. (Afrius) purpureus, are redescribed with details of male and female genitalia morphology, and a lectotype is designated for A. (Afrius) kolleri. A key to identify the species as well as an update of the geographical distribution for each species are provided, including new records for A. (Afrius) purpureus.
Entre o estranhamento e a espreita: um inventário de ideias para ensaiar criação em educação
Authors: Goulart Kneipp Carolina , Mossi Cristian Poletti
Published: April 2019

O presente artigo resulta de uma investigação a nível de Iniciação Científica (da autora deste texto e orientada pelo seu co-autor), a qual estabelece suas ações dentro de um projeto de pesquisa mais amplo que tem como desafio propor possíveis articulações entre o conceito de 'criação' (DELEUZE, 1999) e a noção de 'docência'. Assim, considerando a docência não como mera reprodutora de saberes, mas como campo de atuação que envolve, antes de tudo, criação, o texto expõe o recorte de um momento de formação em um curso de licenciatura em artes visuais. Optou-se por destacar a proposta operada na pesquisa aqui abordada, de produzir um inventário de ideias com a principal motivação de, a partir de fragmentos que convidam ao pensamento, experimentar brechas inventivas, isto é, possíveis linhas de fuga dentro do modelo formativo tradicional onde a criação possa aparecer como potência no ensaio (LARROSA, 2004; 2016) de docências singulares.
Industrialização e crise ambiental: a representação do desastre nuclear em Vozes de Tchernóbil, de Svetlana Aleksiévitch
Authors: Lopes Alfredo Ricardo Silva , Rodrigues Rauer Ribeiro
Published: April 2019

O artigo utiliza a obra Vozes de Tchernóbil, de Svetlana Aleksiévitch, como representativa para analisar o modo pelo qual os seres humanos compreendem seus processos de produção de energia. Assim, a literatura emerge como fonte histórica para avaliar a relação entre a atual crise ambiental e o modelo industrial que tomou forma a partir de meados do século XVIII na Inglaterra, um dos marcos inauguradores da Era Contemporânea. Dessa forma, busca-se considerar a produção do desastre nuclear como um acontecimento representativo da crise ambiental contemporânea. Palavras-chave: História Contemporânea. Crise Ambiental; Desastre Nuclear de Tchernóbil. Literatura. Svetlana Aleksiévitch.
O Aedes aegypti e os mosquitos na historiografia: reflexões e controvérsias
Authors: Lopes Gabriel , Silva André Felipe Cândido
Published: April 2019

O artigo tem por finalidade refletir sobre as formas pelas quais o Aedes aegypti vem sendo abordado pela historiografia e por demais áreas das ciências sociais e humanas. Historicamente associado à febre amarela e à dengue e, mais recentemente correlacionado à transmissão das arboviroses emergentes zika e chikungunya, o Aedes aegypti desdobra múltiplas temporalidades, processos e ecologias que concernem ao seu longo histórico de coevolução e proximidade com a espécie humana. Desse ponto de vista, evidencia as materialidades e padrões de relação das sociedades com o ambiente, principalmente com o espaço urbano, ao qual se tornou bastante adaptado. O objetivo é analisar como este inseto foi tratado pela historiografia das doenças, da medicina e da saúde pública e contrapor tal abordagem com a perspectiva da história ambiental, no âmbito da qual ele é encarado como elo de uma cadeia de interações ecológicas que envolvem dinâmicas naturais, como também sociais, econômicas e políticas. Discute-se os desafios teóricos e controvérsias trazidos por tal perspectiva, sobretudo no quadro dos estudos que propõem a extensão da noção de agência aos atores não-humanos. Por fim, observa-se o início da trajetória mais recente deste vetor desde que passou a figurar como transmissor da dengue a partir de epidemia sem precedentes na cidade do Rio de Janeiro em 1986. Palavras-chave: Aedes Aegypti. Historiografia. História da Medicina. Febre Amarela. Dengue.
De parque a APA: uma análise do processo de recategorização de parte do Parque Estadual da Serra do Tabuleiro-SC
Authors: Peres Jackson Alexsandro
Published: April 2019

O Parque Estadual da Serra do Tabuleiro (PEST) é a maior Unidade de Conservação do estado de Santa Catarina com um território que corresponde aproximadamente a um por cento do estado. Criado em 1975, vem desde então sendo motivo de conflitos entre a população, que se sente prejudica pela criação do parque, e o poder público. Este artigo analisa o processo que iniciou em 2004 e resultou, em 2009, na mudança de categoria de unidade de conservação de partes do Parque. A análise desse processo tem foco na Baixada do Maciambú, no município de Palhoça, que passou da categoria de Parque à de Área de Preservação Ambiental (APA). Como fontes, foram utilizados principalmente periódicos, folhetos explicativos voltados aos moradores e legislação. A análise do processo de recategorização da Baixada do Maciambú se deu a partir de pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da História Ambiental na medida em que se percebe o papel do meio ambiente e sua influência na vida humana e vice-versa, bem como sua representação e percepção. Como resultado, tem-se que o projeto de recategorização não foi aceito de maneira unânime entre os sujeitos envolvidos e, por isso, gerou conflitos entre aqueles que eram a favor e os que eram contra a recategorização. Além disso, mesmo definido em lei em 2009, os esforços despendidos nesse projeto correm o risco de serem anulados a partir do entendimento da Procuradoria Geral da República que, em 2015, entrou com Ação Direta de Inconstitucionalidade contra a lei que alterou a UC, o que dá à temática um caráter ainda mais atual e relevante. Palavras-chave: Parque Estadual da Serra do Tabuleiro. Unidades de Conservação. Baixada do Maciambú. Recategorização
Das pequenas produções à agroindústria: suinocultura e transformações na paisagem rural em Chapecó, SC
Authors: Moretto Samira Peruchi , Brandt Marlon
Published: April 2019

O município de Chapecó, localizado no oeste do estado de Santa Catarina, passou por diversos momentos de transformações ambientais desde a sua criação, em 1917. Mesmo antes desse período, já havia grupos humanos habitando o local e interagindo com o mundo natural. No entanto, partir do século XX, a região Oeste de Santa Catarina passou a receber migrantes de descendência europeia oriundos de outras colônias, principalmente, do Rio Grande do Sul, em busca de terras para lavoura. O governo do Estado concedeu terras devolutas a algumas companhias colonizadoras, as quais ficaram encarregadas por dividir essas terras em lotes que seriam vendidos aos colonos. Este estudo visa analisar os desdobramentos em torno da criação dos suínos, a partir da segunda metade do século XX, ligado à expansão da agroindústria e às transformações ambientais na região Oeste de Santa Catarina. Mesmo com a longa datação de ação antrópica na região, é inegável que nos últimos cinquenta anos do século XX, as transformações ambientais tornaram-se mais intensas.
Martin Luther King, Malcolm X, Panteras Negras e Histórias em Quadrinhos: disputas racistas implicadas no primeiro Super-Herói negro da DC Comics
Authors: Castro Alexandre de Carvalho
Published: April 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as relações histórico-dialógicas implicadas na primeira tentativa de se publicar um super-herói negro na DC Comics, uma das principais editoras americanas de Histórias em Quadrinhos, na edição número 20 de Teen Titans (Turma Titã), no ano de 1969. Assim sendo, a partir de um referencial teórico-metodológico de análise do discurso, pautado em Bakhtin, avaliaram-se revistas de super-heróis editadas no período histórico   compreendido entre 1964 (data do surgimento da Turma Titã) e o início da década de 1970, analisando-se os dialogismos nos quais os roteiros das Histórias em Quadrinhos incorporavam discursos que tematizavam o racismo e, segundo os editores alegavam, o racismo reverso. Desse modo, foi possível constatar dialogicamente as relações entre a cultura de massa, o movimento dos direitos civis e as tensões discursivas presentes nas diferentes posições étnico-raciais evidenciadas por Martin Luther King Jr., Malcolm X e os Panteras Negras; assim como suas repercussões na discussão, no Brasil, sobre Histórias em Quadrinhos, racismo e o movimento negro.Palavras-chave: História em Quadrinhos. Racismo. Super-Heróis na Comunicação de Massa. Relações Étnico-Raciais.
Un « je » pour deux
Authors: Godin Louis-Daniel
Published: April 2019

Dans Moi, Sàndor F., Alain Fleischer propose une autobiographie de son oncle mort en direction d’Auschwitz. L’auteur pose en témoin d’une expérience qu’il n’a pas vécue et superpose le passé de son oncle au sien, les situe dans un même corps et un même nom. Il s’agit dans cet article d’aborder le phénomène de la non-fiabilité narrative en repérant les différents ressorts poétiques avec lesquels l’auteur accueille en son « je » deux histoires : celle de son oncle et celle du peintre Egon Schiele.
Présence cinématographique du passé dans le temps présent
Authors: Besson Rémy
Published: April 2019

Comparer l’écriture cinématographique de l’histoire et l’écriture universitaire portant sur le passé nous conduit à interroger le genre du film historique à travers une étude de cas, Hochelaga, terre des âmes, de François Girard (2017). Cette production québécoise a pour objet l’histoire de Montréal, vue à travers un jeu d’allers-retours entre plusieurs périodes et diverses communautés : les Premières Nations, les Francophones, les Anglophones.
Le ré-ensauvagement par l’art
Authors: Durand Guy Sioui
Published: April 2019

L’article part de la notion wendat d’ohtehra’ pour développer une approche de l’art contemporain autochtone comme processus de « ré-ensauvagement » à l’œuvre, entre autres, chez les artistes Kent Monkman (Cri-Irlandais) et Caroline Monnet (Anishinaabe-Française). L’auteur, en s’appuyant sur les théoriciens Deborah Doxtator (Kanien’kehá:ka), Georges Emery Sioui (Wendat) et Taiaiake Alfred (Kanien’kehá:ka) propose également une analyse de l’autochtonie en Amérique du Nord comme un fait glocal d’Américité.
Langue française ou langue autochtone?
Authors: Bradette Marie-Ève
Published: April 2019

Cet article pose la question des identités culturelles autochtones et de leur possibilité de se dire et de s’écrire en français. L’analyse des textes de la poète innu Natasha Kanapé Fontaine permet de répondre à cette question par l’affirmative. En montrant comment la littérature travaille à la création d’espaces de sens complexes, à la croisée des langues, l’idée de la langue en portage développée dans le cours de la réflexion remet en cause l’hégémonie de la langue française et avec elle la notion même d’autochtonie.
La poésie lumineuse de Marie-Andrée Gill
Authors: Kawczak Paul , Vaillancourt Luc
Published: April 2019

Comment se réapproprier une parole déformée, détournée puis confisquée par le colonisateur? Comment exprimer sa différence dans la langue et les médiums culturels de l’Autre? Est-il possible, ou souhaitable, de parler d’autre chose que de son « autochtonie » cependant qu’elle est menacée encore de toute part? La poésie de Marie-Andrée Gill propose une sortie de crise : la solution n’est pas dans le ressentiment, la révolte, le repli sur soi, la fuite, elle réside dans l’affirmation sereine d’une identité plurielle.
Analyzing President Obama’s Crisis Rhetoric: The Case of Syria
Authors: Rzepecka Marta
Published: April 2019

This article explores President Obama’s handling of the Syrian crisis between April 2011 and Sep- tember 2014. Set in the context of Obama’s philosophy and its underlying principles and values, the article examines continuity and shifts in the president’s approach to the situation in Syria, identifies the rhetorical devices deployed to communicate the way he wanted to handle the con ict as it unfolded, and ascertains the implications of his foreign policy course and discourse regarding the Syrian crisis for his public persona.
Mutant huntingtin enhances activation of dendritic Kv4 K+ channels in striatal spiny projection neurons
Authors: Carrillo-Reid Luis , Day Michelle , Xie Zhong , Melendez Alexandria E , Kondapalli Jyothisri , Plotkin Joshua L , Wokosin David L , Chen Yu , Kress Geraldine J , Kaplitt Michael , Ilijic Ema , Guzman Jaime N , Chan C Savio , Surmeier D James
Published: April 2019

Huntington’s disease (HD) is initially characterized by an inability to suppress unwanted movements, a deficit attributable to impaired synaptic activation of striatal indirect pathway spiny projection neurons (iSPNs). To better understand the mechanisms underlying this deficit, striatal neurons in ex vivo brain slices from mouse genetic models of HD were studied using electrophysiological, optical and biochemical approaches. Distal dendrites of iSPNs from symptomatic HD mice were hypoexcitable, a change that was attributable to increased association of dendritic Kv4 potassium channels with auxiliary KChIP subunits. This association was negatively modulated by TrkB receptor signaling. Dendritic excitability of HD iSPNs was rescued by knocking-down expression of Kv4 channels, by disrupting KChIP binding, by restoring TrkB receptor signaling or by lowering mutant-Htt (mHtt) levels with a zinc finger protein. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that mHtt induces reversible alterations in the dendritic excitability of iSPNs that could contribute to the motor symptoms of HD.
Novel RNA and DNA strand exchange activity of the PALB2 DNA binding domain and its critical role for DNA repair in cells
Authors: Deveryshetty Jaigeeth , Peterlini Thibaut , Ryzhikov Mikhail , Brahiti Nadine , Dellaire Graham , Masson Jean-Yves , Korolev Sergey
Published: April 2019

BReast Cancer Associated proteins 1 and 2 (BRCA1, −2) and Partner and Localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) protein are tumour suppressors linked to a spectrum of malignancies, including breast cancer and Fanconi anemia. PALB2 coordinates functions of BRCA1 and BRCA2 during homology-directed repair (HDR) and interacts with several chromatin proteins. In addition to protein scaffold function, PALB2 binds DNA. The functional role of this interaction is poorly understood. We identified a major DNA-binding site of PALB2, mutations in which reduce RAD51 foci formation and the overall HDR efficiency in cells by 50%. PALB2 N-terminal DNA-binding domain (N-DBD) stimulates the function of RAD51 recombinase. Surprisingly, it possesses the strand exchange activity without RAD51. Moreover, N-DBD stimulates the inverse strand exchange and can use DNA and RNA substrates. Our data reveal a versatile DNA interaction property of PALB2 and demonstrate a critical role of PALB2 DNA binding for chromosome repair in cells.
Transcriptional analysis reveals the metabolic state ofBurkholderia zhejiangensisCEIB S4-3 during methyl parathion degradation
Authors: Castrejón-Godínez María Luisa , Ortiz-Hernández Ma. Laura , Salazar Emmanuel , Encarnación Sergio , Mussali-Galante Patricia , Tovar-Sánchez Efraín , Sánchez-Salinas Enrique , Rodríguez Alexis
Published: April 2019

Burkholderia zhejiangensisCEIB S4-3 has the ability to degrade methyl parathion (MP) and its main hydrolysis byproductp-nitrophenol (PNP). According to genomic data, several genes related with metabolism of MP and PNP were identified in this strain. However, the metabolic state of the strain during the MP degradation has not been evaluated. In the present study, we analyzed gene expression changes during MP hydrolysis and PNP degradation through a transcriptomic approach. The transcriptional analysis revealed differential changes in the expression of genes involved in important cellular processes, such as energy production and conversion, transcription, amino acid transport and metabolism, translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis, among others. Transcriptomic data also exhibited the overexpression of both PNP-catabolic gene clusters (pnpABA′E1E2FDCandpnpE1E2FDC) present in the strain. We found and validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction the expression of themethyl parathion degradinggene, as well as the genes responsible for PNP degradation contained in two clusters. This proves the MP degradation pathway by the strain tested in this work. The exposure to PNP activates, in the first instance, the expression of the transcriptional regulators multiple antibiotic resistance regulator and Isocitrate Lyase Regulator (IclR), which are important in the regulation of genes from aromatic compound catabolism, as well as the expression of genes that encode transporters, permeases, efflux pumps, and porins related to the resistance to multidrugs and other xenobiotics. In the presence of the pesticide, 997 differentially expressed genes grouped in 104 metabolic pathways were observed. This report is the first to describe the transcriptomic analysis of a strain ofB. zhejiangensisduring the biodegradation of PNP.
Microbial Assessment of Selected, Locally- Fermented and Ready-to-eat Cassava Products Sold in Lokoja, Nigeria
Authors: Akoma O. N. , Ononugbo C. M. , Eze C. C. , Chukwudozie K. I. , Ogwu J. O.
Published: April 2019

This study was conducted to assess the microbiological safety of locally-fermented, ready-to-eat cassava products, namely garri and ‘fufu’, in Lokoja. A total of sixty samples comprising; twenty white garri, twenty yellow garri and twenty fufu were subjected to microbial analysis. The samples were serially diluted to 10-4 and appropriate dilutions inoculated by spread plate method into Nutrient agar, MacConkey agar and Potato Dextrose agar plates which were used for total aerobic plate count (TAPC), coliform count (CC) and fungal count respectively. The TAPC for white garri ranged from 0.78 to 3.83 log cfu/g, the coliform count ranged from no growth (NG) to 3.80 log cfu/g, while the mean fungal count ranged from 1.96 to 3.39 log cfu/g. The TAPC for yellow garri ranged from 2.04 to 3.95 log cfu/g, the coliform count ranged from NG to 3.62 log cfu/g and the fungal count ranged from 2.08 to 3.44 log cfu/g. The TAPC of fufu was within the range of 1.07 to 3.70 log cfu/g, the coliform count ranged from NG to 3.48 log cfu/g and the fungal count ranged from 1.94 to 2.78 log cfu/g. The bacteria isolated include Bacillus spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. The fungi isolated from the study samples include Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium spp., Fusarium spp., Rhizopus spp., Alternaria spp., Montospora spp., and Penicillium spp. The pH of the samples ranged from 4.02 to 4.96 in white garri, 4.02 to 4.99 in yellow garri, and 5.02 to 6.44 in fufu. Findings showed that these widely consumed fermented (ready-to-eat) cassava products presents (may represent) a serious risk and route for transmission of food borne pathogens to consumers and generally huge economic disadvantage to food handlers. Improving manufacturing, packaging and storage practices in garri production and for public health purposes are strongly encouraged.
Plasmid Analysis and Curing of Multidrug Resistant of Helicobacter pylori Isolated from Ulcer Patients in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Onifade A. K. , Bakare M. A.
Published: April 2019

Plasmid profile of multidrug resistant Helicobacter pylori isolated from ulcer patients in Ondo State, Nigeria was investigated. It was observed that the H. pylori isolated from ulcer patients in the course of the research were resistance to certain antibiotics. Consequently on the emergence of multiple drug resistance exhibited by the H. pylori, a total of 9 different antibiotics were tested against the H. pylori isolated from various locations to determine their in-vitro susceptibility pattern. The findings of the in-vitro antibiotics susceptibility testing are quite astonishing due to a high incidence of multiple drug resistance. Majority of the H. pylori showed high level of resistance against some specific number of antibiotics.  The multidrug resistance observed in this study seems to be plasmid mediated. Moreover frequent use of over-the-counter antibiotics and abuse of non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) administration and abuse of drugs of sub – standard chemical quality has been identified as a major problem. The results from this investigative study have shown that resistance in H. pylori was plasmid based.