bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Reconfiguration of Security Policies in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Pinto Mónica , Gámez Nadia , Fuentes Lidia , Amor Mercedes , Horcas José , Ayala Inmaculada
Published: March 2015

Providing security and privacy to wireless sensor nodes (WSNs) is very challenging, due to the heterogeneity of sensor nodes and their limited capabilities in terms of energy, processing power and memory. The applications for these systems run in a myriad of sensors with different low-level programming abstractions, limited capabilities and different routing protocols. This means that applications for WSNs need mechanisms for self-adaptation and for self-protection based on the dynamic adaptation of the algorithms used to provide security. Dynamic software product lines (DSPLs) allow managing both variability and dynamic software adaptation, so they can be considered a key technology in successfully developing self-protected WSN applications. In this paper, we propose a self-protection solution for WSNs based on the combination of the INTER-TRUST security framework (a solution for the dynamic negotiation and deployment of security policies) and the FamiWare middleware (a DSPL approach to automatically configure and reconfigure instances of a middleware for WSNs).We evaluate our approach using a case study from the intelligent transportation system domain.
Magnetometer-Augmented IMU Simulator: In-Depth Elaboration
Authors: Brunner Thomas , Lauffenburger Jean-Philippe , Changey Sébastien , Basset Michel
Published: March 2015

The location of objects is a growing research topic due, for instance, to the expansion of civil drones or intelligent vehicles. This expansion was made possible through the development of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), inexpensive and miniaturized inertial sensors. In this context, this article describes the development of a new simulator which generates sensor measurements, giving a specific input trajectory. This will allow the comparison of pose estimation algorithms. To develop this simulator, the measurement equations of every type of sensor have to be analytically determined. To achieve this objective, classical kinematic equations are used for the more common sensors, i.e., accelerometers and rate gyroscopes. As nowadays, the MEMS inertial measurement units (IMUs) are generally magnetometer-augmented, an absolute world magnetic model is implemented. After the determination of the perfect measurement (through the error-free sensor models), realistic error models are developed to simulate real IMU behavior. Finally, the developed simulator is subjected to different validation tests.
Fast Fingerprint Database Maintenance for Indoor Positioning Based on UGV SLAM
Authors: Tang Jian , Chen Yuwei , Chen Liang , Liu Jingbin , Hyyppä Juha , Kukko Antero , Kaartinen Harri , Hyyppä Hannu , Chen Ruizhi
Published: March 2015

Indoor positioning technology has become more and more important in the last two decades. Utilizing Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) fingerprints of Signals of OPportunity (SOP) is a promising alternative navigation solution. However, as the RSSIs vary during operation due to their physical nature and are easily affected by the environmental change, one challenge of the indoor fingerprinting method is maintaining the RSSI fingerprint database in a timely and effective manner. In this paper, a solution for rapidly updating the fingerprint database is presented, based on a self-developed Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGV) platform NAVIS. Several SOP sensors were installed on NAVIS for collecting indoor fingerprint information, including a digital compass collecting magnetic field intensity, a light sensor collecting light intensity, and a smartphone which collects the access point number and RSSIs of the pre-installed WiFi network. The NAVIS platform generates a map of the indoor environment and collects the SOPs during processing of the mapping, and then the SOP fingerprint database is interpolated and updated in real time. Field tests were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method. The results showed that the fingerprint databases can be quickly created and updated with a higher sampling frequency (5Hz) and denser reference points compared with traditional methods, and the indoor map can be generated without prior information. Moreover, environmental changes could also be detected quickly for fingerprint indoor positioning.
Estimating Solar Irradiation Absorbed by Photovoltaic Panels with Low Concentration Located in Craiova, Romania
Authors: Alboteanu Ionel , Bulucea Cornelia , Degeratu Sonia
Published: March 2015

Solar irradiation is one of the important parameters that should be taken into consideration for the design and utilization of a photovoltaic system. Usually, the input parameters of a photovoltaic system are solar irradiation, the ambient environment temperature and the wind speed, and as a consequence most photovoltaic systems are equipped with sensors for measuring these parameters. This paper presents several mathematical models for solar irradiation assessment. The starting point is represented by the mathematical model of extraterrestrial irradiation, and resulting finally in the model for solar irradiation, absorbed by a low concentration photovoltaic panel. These estimating models of solar irradiation have been particularized for the Craiova, Romania, and have been verified through numerical simulation. Regarding terrestrial solar irradiation, four mathematical models have been adopted, namely Adnot, Haurwitz, Kasten and Empirical (EIM). Of these, the most appropriate for the Craiova location were the models Adnot and Empirical. Consequently, for the calculation of the solar irradiation absorbed by the photovoltaic (PV) panels with low concentration, these models have been taken into consideration. In this study, a comparative analysis was also carried out with respect to the solar irradiation absorbed by the PV panels without concentration and those with collectedness of the solar radiation. This analysis was based on the results of numerical simulation and experimental tests.
DOES THE STRENGTHENING OF IPRS WIDEN THE GROWTH GAP?
Authors: SEO Hwan-Joo , KIM Han Sung , LEE Young Soo
Published: March 2015

This article builds a model of cumulative growth in order to analyze the relationship between intellectual property rights (IPRs) and economic growth in 38 countries from 1980 to 2005. The analysis focuses on the impacts of IPRs on the growth gap between countries using a catch-up model and USPTO database. The empirical results show that the strengthening of IPRs has a positive impact on innovation in developed and developing countries in Asia, while we fail to find evidence in Latin America. Secondly, similar to assertions made by De Long and Summers (1991) and Dowrick and Nguyen (1989), investment in fixed capital plays a critical role in growth gap dynamics. What needs to be emphasized here is the cumulative causal relationship between investment and growth: investment in fixed capital improves productivity and encourages economic growth thereby triggering even more investment. This paper confirms that the strengthening of IPRs and investment in fixed capital contribute to the widening of the economic development gap for the 1980–2005 period.
FQSPM-SWOT FOR STRATEGIC ALLIANCE PLANNING AND PARTNER SELECTION; CASE STUDY IN A HOLDING CAR MANUFACTURER COMPANY
Authors: AKHAVAN Peyman , BARAK Sasan , MAGHSOUDLOU Hamidreza , ANTUCHEVIČIENĖ Jurgita
Published: March 2015

In today’s competitive environment, holding companies are usually unable to successfully compete in production of goods and services due to technological sophistication. Therefore, for success of holding companies, selecting appropriate strategic alliance partner is a critical factor. Accordingly, the aim of the paper is to propose a systematic approach for an effective partner selection. Firstly, the underlying motivation and reasons for a strategic alliance building are presented using a SWOT analysis. Criteria of partners’ evaluation are attained on the basis of combining strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Due to uncertainty of criteria, they are weighted using fuzzy quantitative strategic planning matrix (FQSPM). Because of a large number of criteria obtained from the SWOT-FQSPM analysis, criteria are diminished based on their weights using the Gap analysis with fuzzy data ranking. In the next step, it is proposed to apply four ranking algorithms including the Fuzzy Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS-F), the Fuzzy Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS-F), the Fuzzy Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis (Fuzzy MOORA), and the Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS) to evaluate strategic partners. Finally, the results are combined with the help of the Borda method to choose the best alternative. To illustrate the efficiency of the proposed approach, a real partner selection problem at a holding industries factory in Iran is presented.
A METACOGNITIVE DECISION MAKING BASED-FRAMEWORK FOR BANK CUSTOMER LOYALTY MEASUREMENT AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: FERREIRA Fernando A. F. , JALALI Marjan S. , MEIDUTĖ-KAVALIAUSKIENĖ Ieva , VIANA Bianca A. C. P.
Published: March 2015

Bank customer loyalty is becoming a priority concern for banking institutions, as a means of gradually increasing complementary margins and eliminating the lack of liquidity caused by the current economic climate. Following a top down process, this focus culminates at the branch level, where banks’ front office employees are seen as a driving-force for building customer loyalty. At the same time, however, the difficulty in identifying and operationalizing the factors or determinants that most contribute to creating and maintaining bank customer loyalty has long been recognized. In this sense, based on the integrated use of cognitive maps and measuring attractiveness by a categorical based evaluation technique (MACBETH), this study proposes a multiple criteria framework for bank customer loyalty measurement and management. The results show that our framework allows bank customers with higher rates of customer loyalty to be identified and, from a benchmarking perspective, indicates what best practices should be followed to boost long-term relationships. Implications for scholars and practitioners are discussed.
Processus créateur et figuration des traumas corporels archaïques dans les médiations thérapeutiques pour enfants psychotiques et autistes
Authors: Brun Anne
Published: March 2015

Cet article propose une modélisation du processus créateur, en lien avec des traumas corporels, dans les médiations thérapeutiques sensorielles, comme la médiation picturale. Les médiations thérapeutiques engagent en effet à prendre en compte dans la psychothérapie psychanalytique les formes du langage sensorimoteur et de l’associativité affectivo-corporelle, dans la confrontation à un médium, et permettent ainsi aux patients d’engager des processus de symbolisation spécifiques. À partir de la clinique de la psychose infantile et des autismes, il s’agira de montrer comment le travail de la matière et l’enchaînement des formes, associé à la prise en compte par le thérapeute du langage sensori-affectivo-moteur des enfants et de son propre contre-transfert corporel, permettent de générer des processus de figuration des traumas précoces, à l’origine du processus thérapeutique. Le contre-transfert corporel du thérapeute sera notamment envisagé à partir du concept de signifiant formel proposé par D. Anzieu, et de l’hypothèse de « signifiants formels partagés » entre patients et thérapeutes.
L'apport de la clinique de l'autisme à la problématique des troubles corporels dans le champ des addictions et des états limites
Authors: Haag Geneviève
Published: March 2015

Ce texte résume ce que les enfants autistes ont pu exposer – en langage préverbal le plus souvent – de leurs ressentis corporels en arrière-plan de leur symptomatologie : rigidifications, stéréotypies, perte d’un ressenti de zones corporelles – et aussi de leur conscience du processus de construction d’une première image du corps préspéculaire dans la relation thérapeutique et notamment la relation au regard. Ils nous ont ainsi révélé l’existence d’un premier niveau d’images mentales abstraites, d’ordre rythmique et géométrique, nécessaires à l’habitation du Moi corporel séparé du corps des objets d’amour. Un pont est proposé avec les troubles de l’image du corps dans la clinique des pathologies du comportement alimentaire et de certaines addictions, qui sont travaillées dans les écrits de Sylvie Le Poulichet, et notamment les phénomènes de « chimères du corps », ouvrant des interrogations nouvelles sur les processus d’identification intracorporelle et de décorporation des objets primaires au cours de l’étape symbiotique constitutive du Moi corporel et de la subjectivation.
Compositions corporelles et actes de naissance dans le transfert
Authors: Le Poulichet Sylvie
Published: March 2015

Se trouver tantôt devant, tantôt « de l’autre côté du miroir », c’est-à-dire avec un corps parfois fermé ou parfois ouvert et invisible, c’est être exposé à des métamorphoses angoissantes qui peuvent faire douter certains sujets de leur appartenance à « l’espèce humaine ». Cet article explore de nouvelles notions, telles que le fantasme de tête coupée, l’identification inconsciente au bruit résultant d’une rupture de lien, puis dans le cadre de la relation transférentielle : le jeu du mort-vivant et les dimensions des actes de naissance ainsi que du miroir identifiant. Cette recherche interroge également les compulsions qui fabriquent une contenance et mettent en scène du tiers, ainsi que les fonctions des phobies pour un corps qui s’appréhende parfois comme invisible, non fermé ou non né. La présentation d’un cas clinique permet de penser le devenir de ces formations à travers des processus créateurs mis en jeu entre l’analysant et l’analyste.
L'étonnement partagé face à des événements sensoriels avec des personnes autistes
Authors: Lheureux-Davidse Chantal
Published: March 2015

Dans la rencontre avec une personne autiste qui exprime peu ses vécus internes et qui n’initie pas le lien la plupart du temps, l’a priori que certains événements de ses vécus sensoriels pourraient devenir partageables par l’attention du thérapeute, par son imitation ou ses commentaires, favorise chez le thérapeute une identification à la personne autiste dans un étonnement partagé. Cet espace potentiel de rencontre rend le thérapeute plus attentif aux éprouvés internes, sensoriels et émotionnels, aux mouvements et aux changements, et aux qualités sensorielles et esthétiques qui intéressent la personne autiste. Le partage des événements sensoriels et émotionnels à partir de l’impact qu’ils suscitent les rend représentables quand le thérapeute se laisse surprendre par cet impact. En témoignant de cet étonnement partagé, le thérapeute occupe provisoirement une place de double identifiant qui provoque chez la personne autiste une jubilation de se sentir exister, à la source de laquelle une relance spontanée du lien peut s’établir. Ces mouvements sont à la base de l’établissement d’une intersubjectivité et d’une cocréativité dans la rencontre. Les moments spontanés de rencontres sur cette base d’expérience cocréée favorisent de façon singulière un remantèlement sensoriel et rendent réversible de façon plus souple le processus de déliaison et de clivage.
Du traitement psychique d'événements traumatiques
Authors: Neau Françoise
Published: March 2015

Comment la psyché individuelle peut-elle traiter psychiquement des événements de la réalité externe, que leur massivité nous invite à qualifier de traumatiques ? Cette question est abordée à travers deux situations cliniques : une consultation thérapeutique avec une fillette de 9 ans, trois ans après le violent séisme auquel elle a survécu, amputée et endeuillée, et un fragment de cure d’une jeune femme qui a traversé à 9 ans un génocide, avant l’exil. Malgré les grandes différences entre ces situations, les processus d’idéalisation (de soi ou de la pensée) sont dans ces deux cas vecteurs essentiels du traitement psychique du trauma, avec une fonction de renforcement narcissique et de désexualisation, que l’action du transfert met en évidence et transforme.
L'effet de non-présence : le pendant d'une organisation relationnelle cybernétique
Authors: Guiche Dorothée , Missonnier Sylvain
Published: March 2015

Aujourd’hui, les relations sur Internet se sont inscrites dans notre quotidien. Nous questionnons l’implication de l’absence corporelle du sujet, dans l’établissement de ces dernières, à un niveau non seulement individuel mais aussi groupal. En effet, le sujet semble ressentir la présence de l’autre, un autre virtuel, mais en aucun cas n’appuie l’idée d’un autre absent. Certains auteurs se sont interrogés sur l’effet de la présence physique du sujet, qu’en est-il de l’effet de son absence physique ? Nous interrogeons ici l’idée que le virtuel impliquerait un effet de non-présence, autour duquel l’appareil psychique du groupe pourrait s’organiser. Le virtuel, ou plutôt la présence psychique sans présence corporelle, implique un surinvestissement de l’espace interne, et amplifie les possibilités de fantasmatisation. Les besoins narcissiques du sujet seraient le support de la mise en place de cette organisation relationnelle cybernétique.
Une mystique moderne : Cécile Vé, l'Autre femme de Flournoy
Authors: Hamon Romuald
Published: March 2015

Dans Une mystique moderne (1915), Théodore Flournoy, à l’analyse du cas Cécile Vé, tente de caractériser, par la sublimation, le processus psychique des extases au point de magnifier la vie mystique. Cécile crut trouver en lui un homme qui pouvait la consacrer femme dans sa part d’elle-même soustraite au langage ; celle dont la jouissance ineffable la menait à « être autre et être ailleurs en se laissant aller dans l’infini ». Les avancées lacaniennes sur la féminité permettent d’interroger cette jouissance radicalement Autre qui la ravit à elle-même et dont elle fait, de Dieu, l’entité, ainsi que l’impasse à laquelle elle s’est confrontée pour la mener, moins à révélation qu’à civilisation. Là est en effet la modernité de sa mystique.
Au-delà du label éthique : paradoxes et enjeux institutionnels
Authors: Mira Lucie , Peyrat-Apicella Delphine , Pommier François
Published: March 2015

Les établissements médico-sociaux sont invités par les autorités de santé à réfléchir à une démarche éthique. Ainsi se sont multipliés dans différents lieux de soin, des comités dits d’éthique comme réponse à cette injonction. La question de la signification de cette commande et de la manière dont les personnels soignants peuvent s’en saisir nous semble fondamentale. En effet, à l’ère de la standardisation et de la protocolisation des soins, comment s’approprier cette demande qui peut paraître à plusieurs égards paradoxale, nécessitant de s’« arrêter pour penser », là où les contraintes institutionnelles engendrent davantage un suractivisme forcené ? L’éthique comme vecteur de valeurs communes pourrait renvoyer les soignants au même objectif partagé, à savoir une prise en charge optimale du patient. Cette requête, prenant ainsi tout son sens, pourrait alors revêtir une fonction institutionnelle structurante.
Éléments inattendus de transmission intergénérationnelle de trauma
Authors: Sibony-Malpertu Yaelle , Laufer Laurie , Vanier Alain
Published: March 2015

Cet article concerne la clinique dite de l’extrême, là où la pensée cherche à donner du sens, mais où la teneur traumatique de l’événement l’amène simultanément à s’en éloigner pour se préserver. Les patients dont les grands-parents ou les parents ont vécu pendant une guerre présentent, plus souvent qu’il n’y paraît, des symptômes qui se décryptent par des biais « inattendus ». Ils nous invitent à prendre la mesure de la transmission intergénérationnelle de trauma, de ce que nous nommons ici des « radiations traumatiques ». Deux vignettes cliniques, l’une tirée d’un article de Dori Laub, l’autre de notre pratique, nous en montent les manifestations et donnent quelques indications sur une manière d’adapter notre pratique thérapeutique à cette clinique.
Les règles, leviers de développement d'une compétence collective – deux études de cas
Authors: Chédotel Frédérique , Krohmer Cathy
Published: March 2015

Cet article s’appuie sur les travaux de Didier Retour sur la thématique du management de la compétence collective, et vise plus particulièrement à approfondir les leviers de développement des compétences collectives. Suite aux travaux de Didier Retour, il apparaît que plusieurs moyens de management jouent un rôle déterminant. Notamment, les règles développées par le management assurent et fondent le cadre d’action de l’équipe. Mais quelles sont précisément ces règles qui entrent en jeu dans les équipes ? Comment ces règles du jeu posées par le management assurent-elles le développement d’une compétence collective ? À partir d’une revue de la littérature pluridisciplinaire, nous identifions plusieurs règles susceptibles d’encadrer les équipes et leur compétence. Par la suite, nous confrontons notre grille de lecture à deux cas de management de compétences collectives dans le secteur médico-social. Ces deux cas permettent de mieux comprendre les liens entre les règles et la compétence collective, et de formuler des préconisations à destination des praticiens.
La construction de compétences collectives en environnement complexe : une analyse en termes d'attention organisationnelle
Authors: Rouby Évelyne , Thomas Catherine
Published: March 2015

Cet article s’inscrit dans la lignée des travaux de Retour et Krohmer (2006) sur l’identification des facteurs constitutifs de la compétence collective. Il se centre sur une question encore peu explorée : comment ces facteurs constitutifs opèrent et se combinent en situation ? Dans cette perspective, cette recherche mobilise le concept d’attention organisationnelle qui permet de comprendre les rôles et la combinaison de deux facteurs constitutifs des compétences collectives : le référentiel commun et les formes d’engagement dans l’action. Cette recherche s’appuie sur une étude de cas exploratoire réalisée au sein d’une usine de fabrication de ciment, caractéristique d’un contexte de travail complexe et dynamique.
La validation des acquis de l'expérience comme outil de marketing des ressources humaines. Le cas Mcdonald's
Authors: Nicolas Eline , Renault Sophie
Published: March 2015

À l’appui de l’étude du cas McDonald’s, cet article porte sur les enjeux du Marketing des Ressources Humaines (Marketing RH) pour les organisations. Parmi les démarches entreprises par le géant du fast-food dans ce registre, nous étudions en particulier les enjeux associés à la démarche de Validation des Acquis de l’Expérience (VAE). Aussi, dans le cadre d’une approche interprétative, une étude qualitative exploratoire a été réalisée. Elle vise à répondre à la question suivante : quels sont les enjeux en termes de Marketing RH de la démarche de VAE mise en place par McDonald’s ?
Implementing and Managing an Information Strategy Project
Authors: Maravilhas Lopes Sérgio
Published: March 2015

In this chapter, the implementation of an information strategy project in a Portuguese Real Estate company is analyzed. This involves its framing—historical and socio-economic—and a brief description of the activity sector in which the company operates. Several well-managed projects have been developed to improve the competitive position of the company, but without focus, all the activities lose strength because they might not reach their proposed targets. Some tools to identify the information needs of business activity developed are described, as well as the role of information as a promoter of competitive advantages. Social media tools were utilized and proved to be a great strategic decision. To conclude, a few reminders of the factors to consider in developing the information strategy to implement, and that information management without a strategy could result in several diversified decisions without any positive consequence for the organization.
The Relationships between Project Management and Knowledge Management
Authors: Pessoa Cláudio Roberto Magalhães , Silva Fabiana Bigão , Nassif Mônica Erichsen
Published: March 2015

All companies work nowadays at pursuit of innovation, because that will bring better results. The high demand for innovative products and services has led companies to a permanent state of change, either launching a new product or improving the current, enhancing or changing production line, or making administrative change. According to Davenport and Prusak (1998), organizations recognize that knowledge is the only source capable of generating sustainable competitive advantages. Gattoni (2000) corroborates the authors defending that enterprise knowledge management becomes a new strategy to be matured in terms of competitive gains in projects. Models and theoretical approaches show that the relationship between project management, and information and knowledge management generates significant improvements to organizations. This chapter makes a link of both themes aimed at significant improvements in the organization.
The Involvement of New Ideas in Products and Services Innovation
Authors: Monteiro José , Santos José Duarte , Almeida Fernando
Published: March 2015

This chapter intends to address the needs and the involvement to support communities of innovation in the process of the generation of new ideas. The relevance of this document focuses on information systems and socio-semantics collaborative networks. The support of collaboration is not a new need to human activities in business. Nevertheless, it has major importance due the temporal limitations of the innovative context. In fact, having an idea is not enough. It is necessary to put it on the ground before the competitors. The authors conclude that technology can facilitate the generation of new ideas, benefit business collaboration, and help increase the rate and efficiency in the generation of new ideas, while reducing the time spent in the negotiation of consensus and decreasing the implicit cost in the overall process. It is expected to contribute to the (re)utilization of the innovation memory and to preserve the organizational knowledge.
Innovation
Authors: Sousa Maria José
Published: March 2015

This chapter focuses on the tensions from two opposite forces: the need for formalization (static knowledge) on the one hand and the tacit understanding that implies creativity and innovation (dynamic knowledge) on the other. In order to explore these concepts, the means of overcoming this confrontation are analyzed – in other words the “knowledge vision” of management, the knowledge culture(s) in organizations, and the profiles of actors who create, capture, organize, and integrate knowledge into organizational practices. Finally, a model is proposed to identify the transformation from static into dynamic knowledge flow amongst actors, facilitating the organizational innovation process. The main goal is to explore how competition is leading firms to increasingly base their competitiveness on two intertwined factors connected by learning: valuable knowledge and innovation (Swan et al., 2002).
Leadership Challenges in Public Private Partnerships in Emergency Management
Authors: Reginaldi John
Published: March 2015

Despite the interest people have in volunteering, there are many challenges for leadership of volunteer organizations such as public private partnerships (Ferreira, Proenca, & Proenca, 2010). This chapter does not attempt to address all of them. Rather, this chapter looks at how leadership can craft a vision and use it to garner the support of volunteers, who can then use it as a guide in their daily activities for the organization. It explores challenges in recruiting volunteers and considers how regular engagement can be used to motivate and retain volunteers. It probes the relationship between leadership communication and organizational cohesion/volunteer commitment. Relevant literature is compared and contrasted with examples of real public private partnerships and community-based organizations. Although often seemingly critical of volunteer organizations and their leaders, this chapter intends to provide relevant, meaningful information with real examples to help mitigate leadership challenges in public private partnerships.
Average Model of Dual Active Bridge Interfacing Ultra-Capacitor in Electrical Vehicle
Authors: Amari Mansour , Jamel Ghouili , Faouzi Bacha
Published: March 2015

In this paper a new bidirectional DC-DC converter is proposed to transfer energy between ultra-capacitor and DC bus in electric vehicle. The work presents the average model of this converter. The last model is used to calculate the small signal and transient characteristics of the converter. The derived small signal model can be developed by the transfer function between the output voltage and the duty cycle. The PI controller is designed to regulate the output voltage at desired voltage in the closed loop under load and input voltage variations with a short time response.
Load Frequency Control of Interconnected Power System Using Teaching Learning Based Optimization
Authors: Roy Adhit , Dutta Susanta , Roy Provas Kumar
Published: March 2015

This paper presents the design and performance analysis of teaching learning based optimization (TLBO) algorithm based PID controller for load frequency control (LFC) of an interconnected power system. A two area reheat thermal system equipped with PID controllers which is widely used in literature is considered for the design and analysis purpose. The design objective is to improve the transient performance of the interconnected system. The power system dynamic performance is analyzed based on time response plots achieved with the implementation of designed optimal and sub-optimal LFC regulators in the wake of 1% load disturbance in one of the areas. The results of the TLBO optimized PID controllers on a two area reheat thermal system are compared with those of artificial bee colony (ABC) and differential evolution (DE) optimized PID controllers. The TLBO optimized controllers are found to be superior in terms of peak transient deviation, settling times, and dynamic oscillations.
The Management and Construction of Knowledge as an Innovation Strategy for Collaborative Learning Through the Use and Creation of Learning Communities and Networks
Authors: Gonzalvez Marlin Alicia Aaron , Toledo Oscar Alonso Castañeda , Rodriguez Ana Rosa Ibarra
Published: March 2015

This article aims to approach the importance of a pedagogical strategy for collaborative learning through the use and construction of networks and learning communities directly connected to knowledge management. From my experience within the Networks, Learning Communities and Knowledge Management Seminar in the Masters of Education in the Information Technology and Communication Department at the University of La Guajira, the way members of a society communicate and interact by identifying a qualitative transition between the information society and the knowledge society, in which knowledge management in cyberspace has broken deeply rooted paradigms in the education system through the construction of effective teaching strategies that contribute to the development of processes in different parts of the world, contributes to the creation of virtual learning environments and the implementation of pedagogical strategies such as networking and learning communities that reinforce the collective work and resources that the web 2.0 offers in terms of knowledge management and the development of higher thinking abilities. Also, the teacher changed roles and acted as another member of the group, which provoked an interesting flow of communication.
Adaptation of Descriptive Metadata for Managing Educational Resources in the GREDOS Repository
Authors: Morgado Erla M. Morales , Ortuño Rosalynn A. Campos , Yang Ling Ling , Ferreras-Fernández Tránsito
Published: March 2015

In this paper the authors describe a Project entitled “Divulgación de Recursos Educativos Digitales (DIRED)” (Divulgation of Digital Educational Resources) addressed to promoting specific educational resources and mobile apps for educational proposals in order to manage them through the institutional repository of the Salamanca University (GREDOS). The authors present a proposal for describing learning objects based on pedagogical information, digital competences and learning styles. The authors also suggest educational information for classifying useful mobile apps. To achieve their suitable access and recovery, the authors focus on the use of Learning Object specific metadata in digital repositories such as LOM (Learning Object Metadata). The authors study the metadata mapping necessary to adapt from LOM to Qualified Dublin Core, because this is the standard used in the GREDOS repository built with a DSpace platform. Finally, the authors present their implementation of Learning Object Description in the GREDOS repository.
R&D Productivity in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: van Vierssen Trip F.W. (Ward) , Nguyen Nam C. , Bosch Ockie J.H.
Published: March 2015

The pharmaceutical industry is in a R&D productivity crisis. Rapidly increasing development costs, decreasing profitability of new medical entities and missing breakthrough innovations are negatively affecting the future of the pharmaceutical industry. This complex problem requires a systems thinking approach to find effective solutions. In this study, a general pharmaceutical R&D productivity system has been modeled as a Bayesian Belief Network (BBN). This model is based on a literature review and the mental model of experts in the pharmaceutical field. The model does not only support users to understand the system but is also able to simulate different future scenarios. A blockbuster drug scenario, a generic drug scenario, and a personalized drug scenario has been modeled with three different corresponding outcomes. These simulations enables decision makers to identify the leverage points of the pharmaceutical R&D productivity system. These leverage points could be the foundation of any further strategy development. The R&D productivity system archetype is potentially applicable for other R&D intensive industries.
Proportionality and the limitation clauses of the South African Bill of Rights
Authors: Rautenbach IM
Published: March 2015

"Proportionality" is a contemporary heavy-weight concept which has been described as an element of a globalised international grammar and as a foundational element of global constitutionalism. The article firstly describes the elements of proportionality as they are generally understood in foreign systems, namely whether the limitation pursues a legitimate aim, whether the limitation is capable of achieving this aim, whether the act impairs the right as little as possible and the so-called balancing stage when it must be determined whether the achievement of the aim outweighs the limitation imposed. The German academic Alexy (Theorie der Grundrechte (1986)) developed what he called a mathematical weight formula to deal with the balancing stage. An overview is provided of how the elements of proportionality were dealt with in the text of the South African interim Constitution of 1994, the early jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, and in the text of the final Constitution of 1996. Contemporary South African academic criticism of the use of the concept is also analysed. The article then endeavours to relate the elements of Alexy’s weight formula to both the elements of the South African general limitation clause in section 36 of the Constitution and to the appearance of such elements in the formulation of specific rights in the Bill of Rights. Although the levels of abstraction reached in the debates on the Alexy formula are so daunting that it is most unlikely that South African courts and practitioners will ever use it, certain valuable insights can be gained from it for the purposes of dealing with proportionality within the context of the limitation of rights in South Africa. Despite opposition from certain academics, proportionality is a prominent feature of the application of the limitation clauses in the South African Constitution. The elements of proportionality provides a useful tool for the application, within the context of the limitation of rights, of general and wide concepts such as "fairness", "reasonableness", "rationality", "public interest" and, somewhat surprisingly, also of the general concept "proportionality" as such. South Africa’s participation in the global recognition and application of this way of dealing with the limitation of rights is worthwhile.
The Regulation of electronic money institutions in the SADC region: Some lessons from the EU
Authors: Tuba MD
Published: March 2015

This article analyses the different approaches adopted for the regulation of payment systems in a variety of legislative instruments by the European Union (EU). It looks in particular at how the institutions that issue new electronic money products are regulated and supervised by the relevant authorities in the EU, in comparison with existing institutions such as banks. It analyses some of the lessons that may be learned by the South African Development Corporation (SADC) from the regulatory approaches for electronic money institutions adopted by the EU. The article asks if the approach adopted by the EU may be useful for the future regulation of electronic money institutions in the SADC. The proliferation of electronic devices that arrived with the invention of the Internet has sparked some regulatory challenges. This development has become global and involves both developed and developing countries, including regions such as the SADC. It is asked if these technological developments should be  addressed by means of a concrete regulatory framework while they  continue to develop, instead of the regulators waiting to observe and acquaint themselves with the relevant regulatory challenges that underpin the innovations. The EU has attempted to address the anticipated  regulatory challenges that came about with the development of electronic money and to align its regulatory approach with other payment systems. This article discusses the regulatory approaches adopted in the EU and provides an overview that the SADC may use in order to adopt an effective regulatory framework for electronic money and the institutions that issue these methods of payment. It analyses both the achievements and the challenges that the EU faced (and continues to face) in developing the regulation of e-money, and recommends some possible approaches derived from the lessons learned.
Arbitration of family separation issues – a useful adjunct to mediation and the court process
Authors: De Jong M
Published: March 2015

For over half a century now, section 2(a) of the Arbitration Act 42 of 1965 has prohibited arbitration in respect of matrimonial and related matters. In this article it will be illustrated that this prohibition is clearly incompatible with present-day demands. Today there is a strong tendency in public policy towards alternative dispute resolution processes such as arbitration. As any recommendations that arbitration should be applied to family law disputes must be anchored in an analysis of the specific character of the arbitral remedy, the article begins by giving a broad overview of the nature of arbitration. This is followed by a discussion of the present-day demand for family arbitration, which examines the problems experienced with the adversarial system of litigation in resolving family law disputes, party autonomy, the development of alternative dispute resolution processes such as mediation and arbitration, the special synergy between mediation and arbitration, the success of arbitration in other fields of law and possible forerunners for family arbitration in South Africa. Inherent in the demand for family law arbitration are the many advantages of arbitration, which are also touched upon. Thirdly, current trends in England, Australia, the United States of America, Canada and India are analysed so as to identify a suitable family law arbitration model for South Africa. Special attention is paid to the matters that should be referred to arbitration – for example, should it be confined to matrimonial property and financial disputes or extended to all matters incidental to divorce or family breakdown, including children's issues? Other questions examined include whether family arbitration should comply with substantive law only, who should act as arbitrators, whether family arbitration should be voluntary or compulsory, what the court's role in the family arbitration process should be, and whether family law arbitration should be regulated by the existing Arbitration Act or by a separate statute with specialised rules for family matters. Lastly, it is concluded that although family arbitration will not have universal appeal or common application, it should be encouraged and enforceable for those who choose this private alternative dispute settlement technique to resolve their family disputes.
Fiddling with the ECT act – Electronic signatures
Authors: Eiselen S
Published: March 2015

Amongst the changes the Department of Trade and Industry is considering is an amendment of the definition of "electronic signature". Although the amendment seems to be in line with the provisions of the UNCITRAL Model Laws on eCommerce and the 2005 UN Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts, the amendment sets additional and more onerous requirements for all electronic signatures. The note illustrates how this amendment undermines the key principles of functional equivalence, media neutrality and party autonomy, and how this innocuous looking amendment may have very harmful practical consequences. It is suggested that amendments to section 13 would be more appropriate to achieve the objectives of the legislature.
Use of Computer Decision Support in an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP)
Authors: Olson J.A. , Stenehjem E. , Buckel W.R. , Thorell E.A. , Howe S. , Wu X. , Jones P.S. , Lloyd J.F. , Evans R.S.
Published: March 2015

Objective: Document information needs, gaps within the current electronic applications and reports, and workflow interruptions requiring manual information searches that decreased the ability of our antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) at Intermountain Healthcare (IH) to prospectively audit and provide feedback to clinicians to improve antimicrobial use.

Methods: A framework was used to provide access to patient information contained in the electronic medical record, the enterprise-wide data warehouse, the data-driven alert file and the enterprise-wide encounter file to generate alerts and reports via pagers, emails and through the Centers for Diseases and Control’s National Healthcare Surveillance Network.

Results: Four new applications were developed and used by ASPs at Intermountain Medical Center (IMC) and Primary Children’s Hospital (PCH) based on the design and input from the pharmacists and infectious diseases physicians and the new Center for Diseases Control and Prevention/ National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) antibiotic utilization specifications. Data from IMC and PCH now show a general decrease in the use of drugs initially targeted by the ASP at both facilities.

Conclusions: To be effective, ASPs need an enormous amount of “timely” information. Members of the ASP at IH report these new applications help them improve antibiotic use by allowing efficient, timely review and effective prioritization of patients receiving antimicrobials in order to optimize patient care.

Citation: Evans RS, Olson JA, Stenehjem E, Buckel WR, Thorell EA, Howe S, Wu X, Jones PS, Lloyd JF. Use of computer decision support in an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP). Appl Clin Inf 2015; 6: 120–135

http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2014-11-RA-0102
Two novel linkage SNPs of VLDLR gene intron 11 are associated with laying traits in two quail populations
Authors: Wu Y. , Pi J. S. , Pan A. L. , Du J. P. , Shen J. , Pu Y. J. , Liang Z. H.
Published: March 2015

Abstract. The very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is an important multifunctional receptor and plays a key role in chicken reproduction. This study is designed to investigate the effect of variants in the VLDLR gene on quail laying traits. Two quail populations were studied – yellow feather quail and chestnut feather quail; 384 individuals per breed were used. The laying traits (the weight of the first egg, the age of the first egg, egg weight, the weight of 20-week-old and the egg number of 20-week-old) were measured and recorded. The polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was developed to genotype those individuals. The results showed two novel polymorphisms, i.e. two linkage variations in intron 11 of the VLDLR gene (363T > C and 392C > T). They are associated with the weight of the first egg, the age of the first egg and egg number of 20-week-old in yellow feather and chestnut feather quail. The two variations in intron 11 of VLDLR may be linked with potential major loci or genes affecting some laying traits.
Genetics of cattle temperament and its impact on livestock production and breeding – a review
Authors: Friedrich J. , Brand B. , Schwerin M.
Published: March 2015

Abstract. Cattle temperament, which describes individual behaviour differences with regard to a stressor or environmental challenge, is known for its impact on working safety, adaptability to new housing conditions, animal productivity and for evaluation of animal welfare. However, successful use of temperament in animal breeding and husbandry to improve keeping conditions in general or animal welfare in particular, requires the availability of informative and reproducible phenotypes and knowledge about the genetic modulation of these traits. However, the knowledge about genetic influences on cattle temperament is still limited. In this review, an outline is given for the interdependence between production systems and temperament as well as for the phenotyping of cattle temperament based on both behaviour tests and observations of behaviour under production conditions. In addition, the use of temperament as a selection criterion is discussed.
Genetic diversity in Hucul and Polish primitive horse breeds
Authors: Mackowski M. , Mucha S. , Cholewinski G. , Cieslak J.
Published: March 2015

Abstract. Pedigree and molecular data were used to evaluate genetic diversity in the Polish populations of the Polish primitive horse (also known as Polish Konik) and Hucul breeds over the time period of 30 years (1980–2011). Based on genotypes in 12 microsatellite loci (for 3865 Polish primitive horses and 1627 Huculs), as well as on pedigree data derived from over 7000 individuals (both breeds), several indices describing structure of the analysed populations were estimated. For both analysed breeds, we observed an increasing trend of inbreeding since 1980 which seems to be much more stable (oscillating around 10 % in the Polish primitive horse and 5 % in Hucul) since the beginning of 2000s when they were included in conservation programs in Poland. We observed that generally, indices related to genetic diversity are higher in the Hucul breed. Our study indicated that genetic diversity in the Polish primitive horse and Hucul breeds in Poland is still relatively high and conservation programs should be continued to keep it on the "safe" level in the future.