bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Web 2.0 Tools in Dhaka University Library Website:The Attitude of Users and Information Professionals
Authors: Elahi Md. Hasinul , Islam Md. Shiful
Published: September 2024

The purpose of this research is to measure the present satisfaction level of the users regarding the service provided by Dhaka University Library (DUL) and assess the attitude of users and information professionals towards implementing Web 2.0 tools in DULwebsite. The methodology includes a quantitative approach. The study was carried out through survey method based on a pre-structured questionnaire. The respondents include students of Dhaka University and information professionals from DUL. A random sampling method has been used to collect the data from the respondents. The result of the study shows that DUL website don’t have any web 2.0 tools and most of the respondents are disappointed with the present service status of DUL. This study also indicates that maximum users have agreed with the relative advantages and drawbacks in implementing web 2.0 tools in DUL. It also suggests that DUL should introduce and adopt Web 2.0 tools for providing better and up to date services to the users. Research Implications: This study will reflect the timeliness and necessity of implementing web 2.0 tools in DUL and other academic library website. Since there is no specific works on the use of web 2.0 tools in the academic libraries of Bangladesh, this can be a pioneer in understanding the necessity and user attitude towards this concept.
Leaked (Political) Telephone Conversation in Bangladesh: A Conversation Analysis
Authors: Islam Sadia , Khan Mahmud Hasan
Published: September 2024

The paper analyses a selected number of ‘leaked’ telephone conversations by some political figures of Bangladesh. The analyses are rooted in the ideals of conversation analysis (CA), particularly in the CA of telephone interaction. Leaked conversations are politically sensitive, and thus are rarely discussed in the academia. The data for this study is, however, collected from an open source, i.e., YouTube on which the conversations were circulated. The aim of the study is to examine the organizational structure of the telephone conversations carried out by political figures, i.e., political telephone conversation (PTC). The paper explains how individual political actors conduct formal and informal interactions over telephone as they discuss different sensitive issues in relation to politics and society. The paper investigates how the politicians open and close their talk, maintain adjacency pairs, and construct topics as they legitimize their arguments within a conversation. The findings of this paper are expected to contribute to a better understanding of how we can analyze and comprehend the organization of political conversations through the mechanisms of conversation analysis, and at the same time to provide a helpful documentation for further research on this ‘highly neglected’ field.
ESL Learners’ Perceptions of a Massive Open Online Course on Writing
Authors: Hasan Md. Masudul , Hoon Tan Bee
Published: September 2024

Started in 2008, Massive Open Online Courses, or MOOCs, have succeeded to attract millions of learners to join MOOCs. Well-known institutions such as MIT, Stanford University and Harvard University have already adopted MOOC instructional pedagogy to offer courses on various subjects including English language courses. The present study examined a class of ESL undergraduates’ perceptions of a Massive Open Online Course on writing. Precisely, the study aimed to investigate how the participants perceived the Writing MOOC, what they liked about the course, how they learned, and what helped them learn. A case study approach involving both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods was used. The participants comprising 48 ESL undergraduates were from an intact class in a Malaysian public University. Results from the perception questionnaire and learners’ reflection essays indicated participants’ positive perceptions towards learning in the Writing MOOC. The course, the participants had followed, helped them improve their skills in writing. The empirical findings of the study have contributed to a better knowledge of the nature of learning and participation in a MOOC environment from the perspective of ESL learners.
Early Life of an Accidental Actor: Before Nayak Raj Razzak
Authors: Haque Muhammed Shahriar
Published: September 2024

To Bangladeshis, Razzak or Nayak Raj Razzak is the glamorous film star who is pride of this nation. His fans may know all of his characters, memorized each song, cherish every single of his romantic scenes, and kept track of his achievements and accolades acquired over a lifetime. However, how many are aware of the trials, tribulations, and numerous hardship he had to overcome in the early part of his career to taste that success? Nayak Raj Razzak before attaining the iconic status was merely Abdur Razzak. That is why, whenever he is documented by the mass media, he constantly reminds us of his past and the struggles he went through. The background of Razzak’s early life helps us to comprehend how he honed his talent while performing in natok (stage drama/play) for various clubs, theatre groups, and PTV (Pakistan Television), acquired theoretical/practical knowledge of being in front and behind the camera, and became a thespian even before finding success on the silver screen. This paper documents the early life of Abdur Razzak before he became a cinematic legend.
Prawidłowa legislacja urzędowej zmiany płci w świetle rekomendacji europejskich oraz na tle najnowszych uregulowań w prawie obcym
Authors: Leń Paulina
Published: September 2024

This work aims to analyze the issue of judicial gender reassignment in the Polish legal order. First, the concept of gender and the term transsexuality were explained then legal acts adopted by European institutions aimed at providing legal protection to transsexual persons were discussed. The author also presented the most important case law of the European Court of Human Rights and the Court of Justice of the European Union regarding these issues. Then, based on the case law of Polish courts, the practice used in cases of gender reassignment was discussed. A crucial part of this work is also an analisys of the Bill on Gender Reconciliation, which was adopted by the Parliament in 2015 and then vetoed by President Andrzej Duda. Due to the lack of appropriate regulations at the statutory level, the aforementioned judicial practice was compared with the legislation on the same issue adopted in selected European countries.
A detailed analysis of all the mentioned above issues and basing the work on scientific literature, both legal and medical, allowed the author to isolate the most problematic issues that are a consequence of the legislative negligence of the Polish legislator on the subject of judicial gender reassignment. In addition, the final part of the work presents proposals for legal regulations, the adoption of which would lead to compliance of Polish law with acts issued by European institutions and with the jurisprudence of the ECtHR and the CJEU.
Factors potentially enhancing medically unjustified malpractice claims in Poland
Authors: Wszołek Anna
Published: September 2024

Doctors signal that more and more often they have to face and defend themselves against unfair medical malpractice allegations. Having the perspective of being convicted or having to pay high compensation, even though if covered by insurance, they feel insecure. Reports on outstanding medical advancements together with today’s consumerism implement a sense of unlimited possibilities in healthcare. On the other hand information publicising shocking cases of negligence and high compensation creates an image that if something goes wrong during treatment, it is doctor’s fault. This article considers changes in doctor-patient relationship and other potential factors which might influence the number of medical malpractice claims and the propensity of patients to sue.
Zasadność argumentu śliskiego zbocza (równi pochyłej) przeciwko dopuszczalności lekarskiej pomocy w umieraniu
Authors: Krysa Krzysztof , Pasierski Tomasz
Published: September 2024

Slippery slope argument against physician’s assistance in dying  is often used in ethical debates and even more often in public space. The essence of this argumentation is to show that acceptance of one truly right action must unavoidably lead to acceptance of one truly wrong action. It can be justified in two ways. Firstly, by showing an appropriate empirical data and secondly, by demonstrating that the distinction between two above mentioned actions is totally arbitrary and then presuming that this arbitrariness must lead to inefficiency of such border.
            This argument is used in inappropriate ways. First of all, it is used by people who think that both actions are wrong. They decided to use this argumentation in order to hide their real views (e.g. that suicide is immoral because of religious faith). Others have transform slippery slope argument into a very different one called “non-principled distinction”. This one was only mentioned in this article. Secondly, data collected by many studies has shown that there is no empirical slippery slope from  the acceptance of physician’s assistance in dying to development of social pressure on vulnerable groups to ask for such procedures. Actually something the opposite: has been shown The excluded people have more difficult access to euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide.
Zgoda na wykorzystanie ludzkiego materiału biologicznego w badaniach naukowych
Authors: Krzyżewska Barbara
Published: September 2024

This article characterizes and analyzes eight consent models for the use of human biological material of human origin. The analysis was carried out both on an abstract level and based on international standards for conducting scientific research on human biological material. The subject of the analysis is also the issue of withdrawing consent in the case of research on human biological material.
Między schematem a prawami człowieka - prawnomedyczne zagrożenia praw osób interpłciowych i europejskie modele ich ochrony, w kontraście do realiów krajowej opieki medycznej - część 2: Europejskie rozwiązania prawne chroniące osoby interpłciowe w odniesieniu do krajowego systemu ochrony praw pacjenta
Authors: Przewoźniak Ryszard
Published: September 2024

This text represents second part of the analysis, regarding situation of an intersexual patient, especially a minor, in terms of protection against discrimination and exposure to IGM (Intersexual Genital Mutilation) procedures. Author presents a selection of European legislature regarding the abovementioned issue, comparing them to Polish system ofguarantees, securing patients’ rights in the healthcare system. Analysing position of an intersexual individual, both in terms of a requirement of assigning ones gender at birth, as well as general provisions regarding matter of an informed consent and fair process of decision making, in regard to an underage patient and their treatment, this paper presents set of legal solutions, which upon comparison and study of mechanisms related to protectingaforementioned group from IGM-related treatment across Europe, could be implemented in polish legal system in order to address the discussed matter.
Evaluation Of The Effect Of Current Remineralization Agents On Enamel By Different Methods
Authors: Gümüş Simge , Bakir Elif Pınar , Bakır Şeyhmus
Published: September 2024

Objectives: In this study, it was aimed to quantitatively evaluate the remineralization capacity of natural medicaments such as ginger, grape seed extract and rosemary, and materials containing casein and hydroxyapatite of initial caries lesions in vitro.. Materials and Methods: 42 enamel samples obtained from human teeth; were divided into six group as; Group-I (10% Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate [CPP-ACP], GC Tooth Mousse, Group-II (Rosemary Oil), Group-III (ginger+honey), Group-IV (ginger+honey+cocoa), Group-V (grape seed extract) and Group-VI (control group; remineralization solution). After enamel samples were kept in demineralization solution for 72 hours to create initial caries lesion, grouped remineralization agents were applied to enamel samples with caries lesion during the six-day pH cycle. Measurements were made using surface microhardness and DIAGNOdent at three different stages. The data obtained in the research were analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. The results were evaluated at the p ginger+honey+cocoa>ginger+honey> rosemary oil > GC tooth mousse. Conclusions: : It is thought that rosemary, ginger + honey + cocoa, grape seed extract materials can be used for remineralization in these working conditions where the initial caries lesions can be remineralized after six days.
Implementation of a Secret and Verifiable Personal Remote Electronic Election of an Agrarian Organization per the Recommendation of the Council of Europe
Authors: Martínek Tomáš , Pelikán Martin , Tyrychtr Jan , Konopásek Jakub
Published: September 2024

Lockdowns and social progress have increased hours of work from home, often requiring remote methods of communication. Agricultural organizations from associations to cooperatives to joint stock companies must prepare to carry out more activities online. This article proposes a procedure for the possible implementation of a remote electronic election in personnel matters of the organization using the Belenios system, based on an evaluation of expectations from a questionnaire survey of agricultural college students and graduates. The proposed procedure is subsequently verified based on an evaluation of compliance with the Council of Europe recommendation on standards for electronic voting.
Kronik Taşlı Kolesistit Hastasında Safra Kesesinde Ektopik Pankreas Dokusu: Olgu Sunumu
Authors: Mızrak Ali
Published: September 2024

Heterotopi bir dokunun doğal yerleşim yeri dışında lokalize olmasıdır. Ektopik veya heterotopik pankreas dokusu bir koristom şeklidir ve embriyolojik anomalilerden sayılmaktadır. Mide, duodenum, jejunum ve dalak sık görülen lokalizasyondur. Safra kesesi ise oldukça nadir bir lokalizasyondur. Bu olgu sunumunda 41 (kırk bir) yaşında kronik taşlı kolesistit tanısı konularak opere edilen hastanın safra kesesinde izlenen ektopik pankreas dokusu, mevcut literatür bilgileri ışığında tartışılmıştır.
Examination of Subclinical Neurological Involvement in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris
Authors: Berksoy Hayta Sibel , Çiğdem Burhanettin , Guner Rukiye , Gökçe Şeyda Figül , Akyol Melih
Published: September 2024

Background : The aim of this study is to evaluate cognitive functions of patients with psoriasis in terms of subclinical neurological involvement using p300 method, and to reveal the correlation between the disease duration and severity if any.
Methods: 40 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 40 healthy individuals were included in the study. Standard mini mental test and beck depression inventory were applied to the groups. PASI values and DLQI values of psoriasis patients were calculated. P300 measurements of both groups were recorded and assessed in order to evaluate the cognitive functions.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the healthy and psoriasis groups in terms of PzLat, PzAmp, CzLat and CzAmp values (p=0.681, p=0.301, p=0.138, p=0.739, respectively). When it was compared in terms of PASI values, there was no statistically significant difference in the patient group in terms of PzLat, PzAmp, CzLat and CzAmp values (p=0.211, p=0.422, p=0.106, p=0.305, respectively). When evaluated according to disease duration, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of PzLat, PzAmp, CzLat and CzAmp values (p=0.901, p=0.244, p=0.632, p=0.868, respectively).
Conclusion: Cognitive functions in psoriasis patients are not affected by the presence, severity and duration of the disease. As far as we know, the present study is the first study using electrophysiological P300 method in evaluating the cognitive functions in patients with psoriasis.
Diaphragmatic Mesothelial Cyst And Percutaneous Ethanol Sclerotherapy: In A Young Girl
Authors: Cankorkmaz Levent , Şalk İsmail , Atalar Mehmet
Published: September 2024

Diaphragmatic mesothelial cysts are rare congenital lesions that are lined with mesothelial cells. The diagnosis might be problematic because of their rarity and anatomic location. We report a case of with a diaphragmatic cyst in a 6–year–old girl. In this case, the cyst was found incidentally. We found a thin-wall, homogeneous cyst, which was between the lateral aspects of the liver and diaphragm with radiological imaging. The patient was planned for cyst aspiration and ethanol sclerotherapy was made based on the imaging findings. The cyst was aspirated and then performed ethanol sclerotherapy. The cytological findings of the cyst fluid were appeared to be degenerated histiocytes and mesothelial cells. If treatment is needed, percutaneous treatment is conceivable as the first choice of technique.
Innover socialement par le design et développer des compétences transformatives au lycée professionnel
Authors: Roy Émeline , Moineau Christophe , Tortochot Éric
Published: September 2024

Cet article questionne l’intégration de pratiques d’innovation sociale par le design dans l’enseignement des arts appliqués dans le second degré. Ces pratiques, souvent qualifiées de design social, s’attachent à la résolution de problèmes sociaux et environnementaux par des approches centrées sur l’humain et la collaboration. De ce point de vue elles constituent une opportunité pour le développement de compétences transformatives. Ces compétences définies par l’OCDE pour le 21e siècle incluent en effet la créativité, la pensée critique, la résolution de problèmes, et la collaboration. Cet article étudie la transposition au lycée professionnel d’un dispositif pédagogique de master en design et innovation sociale à l’Université de Nîmes, explorant l’évolution de l’enseignement des arts appliqués pour mieux préparer les élèves à advenir au monde.
[Italian national guidelines for data-center environmental assessment]
Authors: Cerutti Paolo , Marsetti Diego
Published: September 2024

[Article in Italian]
Linee guida nazionali per le procedure di valutazione ambientale dei data-center
[Closed loop low enthalpy geothermal systems for underground heat exchange: public records, available data, implications for planning]
Authors: Cerutti Paolo
Published: September 2024

[Article in Italian]
Impianti geotermici a bassa entalpia a circuito chiuso per il geoscambio nel sottosuolo: registri pubblici, dati disponibili, implicazioni per la programmazione
Advanced Method for Determining Land Plot’s Physical Surface
Authors: Malashevskyi Mykola , Malashevska Olena
Published: September 2024

This study examines the issue of the accuracy of physical surface calculations for land plots with complex configurations and reliefs. The goal of the study was to develop a methodology for determining the surface area of land plots with complex configurations and reliefs. The presented model was based on the finite element method. The developed method allows one to evaluate a relief’s complexity by using a dimensionless mean physical surface complexity factor; a Fortran program was developed for the methodology. Experiments that proved the effectiveness of the methodology and a comparative analysis of those areas that were calculated by the presented method and TIN model were carried out. The research findings proved the practicability of the methodology for calculating the physical surfaces of land plots with complex configurations. The presented methodology can be used for flood modeling, landscape and vertical planning, etc.
Determination of Tetracycline Group Antibiotics Residues in the Tigris River and Agricultural Lands Fed by Tigris River and Reduction of Unconscious Use of Antibiotics
Authors: Özcan Filiz , Çelik Aytekin , Arserim Neval
Published: September 2024

The recent increase in environmental pollutants is contaminating important natural resources and causing irreversible damage. Due to the limitations of traditional treatment techniques, studies on the problem of micro pollutant contamination of water resources have increased significantly. Antibiotics used in medicine and veterinary medicine cause significant pollution of water resources as residues of these contaminants remain unchanged in the aqueous environment. This has recently been recognised as a global environmental health threat. The ecosystem is vulnerable to residues of these contaminants from agriculture and aquaculture. In this study, the presence of tetracycline group antibiotics, the most commonly used in veterinary medicine, was determined in the Tigris river. This is the first study to date in which antibiotics from the tetracycline group have been identified in the Tigris river. Water samples were taken from 16 different points (80 samples) along the river. Sampling points were grouped as abattoirs, livestock markets, farmland, cafes and bridges near settlements. The samples were analysed for the presence of tetracycline (TC), oxytetracycline (OTC) and chlortetracycline (CTC). With a concentration range of 0.037 to 1.756 ng/L, oxytetracycline was found in 14 of the 16 sites. A concentration of 0.004–0.014 ng/L of tetracycline was found in five samples. Chlortetracycline was found in six samples, with concentrations ranging from 0.015 to 0.097 ng/L. According to the study, the tetracycline family of antibiotics was found in the water samples, and oxytetracycline was present in the highest concentrations in most of them.
Arsenopyrite from the Low-sulphidation Sedefche Au-Ag deposit, Eastern Rhodopes: Mineral Association and Gold Potential
Authors: Lutov George , Georgieva Sylvina , Vassileva Rossitsa
Published: September 2024

The Sedefche Au-Ag deposit is located in the eastern Rhodopes, Bulgaria and is part of the Zvezdel-Pcheloyad ore field. The deposit is of low-sulphidation epithermal type, hosted in Oligocene highly silicificated intermediate volcanic tuffs, which lie above shallow marine sediments of organogenic limestones. The orebody has stratiform shape partly outcroping onto the surface.
The ore mineralization is represented by small crystals and fine grained aggregates of sulphides (mainly pyrite, arsenopyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, galena, sphalerite) and associated sulphosalts (tetrahedrite, pyrargyrite, freibergite, and miargyrite) within matrix of quartz, formed in several stages of deposition.
Gold in the deposit is detected in significant amounts in bulk ore samples, while native gold (a single < 1 μm gold nugget) and gold-bearing phases were sporadically discovered. The form of gold presence in the deposit is nevertheless debatable.
Using combined SEM-EDS, EPMA and LA-ICP-MS approach, the highest concentrations of gold have been established in the arsenopyrite – the gold content there is up to hundredfold higher than in other ore minerals being potential concentrators of gold such as pyrite, marcasite and chalcopyrite. The presence of gold in arsenopyrite predominantly as nanoparticles, irregularly disseminated in the crystals as clusters of inclusions is suggested.
Strontium Isotope Composition of Triassic Coastal and Shallow Marine Carbonates in the Western Balkanides, NW Bulgaria
Authors: Chatalov Athanas , Savov Ivan
Published: September 2024

Whole-rock samples of Triassic coastal and shallow marine carbonates were analyzed for their Sr isotope signatures and trace element concentrations were measured in order to assess the possible impact of diagenetic alteration. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios of Anisian to lower Carnian calcite micrites reproduce the global Triassic seawater variations fairly well. The recorded higher values can be explained by an influence from detrital aluminosilicate phases and a minor postdepositional alteration. The samples of tidal-flat dolomicrites from the base of the Anisian show no significant diagenetic overprint but have considerably more radiogenic 87Sr/86Sr signatures compared to the global Sr isotope curve that corresponds to the Triassic (Mesozoic) maximum. These anomalously high values may have resulted from some interaction between the dolomitizing brines and the underlying fluvial siliciclastics (Buntsandstein facies), but more likely from the high 87Sr/86Sr river waters discharged from a silicate-dominated drainage basin to the coastal area at the beginning of the Middle Triassic. This study demonstrates that bulk micrite can be used as a proxy for seawater 87Sr/86Sr after proper sample selection and diagenetic screening. It also suggests that the 87Sr/86Sr ratios of ancient carbonates precipitated in coastal settings should be interpreted with caution, considering the possible influence of continentally-derived fluids.
Research on the Amount of Information Needed to Restore the Original Order of Four or Eight Elements Lists, when Using Different Sorting Algorithms
Authors: Dimitrov Metodi , Vassilev Tzvetomir
Published: September 2024

Data sorting is essential in most software applications, but sometimes elements need to be restored to their original order after processing. If this restoration happens long after sorting or on a different computer, additional information is needed to restore the order. This work explores the information needed to restore sequences of 4 and 8 elements. The following sorting algorithms were studied: parallel neighbour (odd even) sort, insertion sort, bubble sort, shell sort, merge-insertion sort, and merge sort. For each algorithm, the amount of information required in bytes to restore the original order of the elements was determined.
Fuzzy Logic-based Current Control Logic for Proportional Flow Control Valve System of Medical Ventilators
Authors: Mohanram Deepa , Ranganathan Vidhyapriya
Published: September 2024

The critical control parameters in ventilators that provide life support to patients are the flow of air and oxygen. Ventilators typically use Proportional Flow Control Valves (PFCV) and flow sensors to achieve precise flow accuracy. Maintaining accurate flow from the PFCV is essential to minimize the thrust exerted on the patient's lungs. Fuzzy logic is particularly well-suited for this task, as it effectively captures the subjective human judgments often required in clinical settings. This study aimed to develop a fuzzy logic algorithm to control pressure support ventilation. The research describes the fuzzy logic algorithm and presents experimental studies that evaluated the flow accuracy of a commercially used PFCV in ventilators. Additionally, the reduction in output flow due to thermal effects was investigated. A correlation between the solenoid coil current (measured as voltage across the coil) and the actual output flow through the PFCV was experimentally established using a current sensing circuit. Based on the characteristic curves obtained from the test setup, a Fuzzy Logic system was developed to minimize the error in the PFCV's flow. The implementation of PFCV using this Fuzzy Logic-based current control approach demonstrated a significant reduction in error, from 10% to 3%, in airflow delivery across its operating range, with additional sample results discussed. This reduction in flow error is crucial for assessing the suitability of PFCVs in infant ventilators. The described methodology can be experimentally applied to any PFCV variant before its use in medical ventilator applications to enhance delivered flow accuracy.
Designing Energy-efficient DC Robotic Machines with Advanced Cyber Security for a Smart Grid System
Authors: Ramanathan Sivakumar , Muneeswaran Dhamodaran
Published: September 2024

In this paper, an energy-efficient direct current (DC) robotic machine (E2DCRM) is developed to revolutionize industrial automation, eliminating the rectification stage using brushless alternating direct current (BADC). E2DCRM is integrated with an advanced intelligent grid structure for enhancing the smooth and soft connection process. The emphasis on threats occurs because malicious attacks are overcome using deep learning algorithms. In this approach, a hybrid deep learning-based system is used to eliminate malicious attacks. The communication protocols might operate directly over the power lines, thus eliminating the need for rectification and enabling seamless integration with the smart grid. This research offers a comprehensive, integrated solution combining energy-efficient DC robotics with state-of-the-art cyber security measures. The proposed methodologies address current industrial limitations and set the stage for a resilient and sustainable future in innovative and safe grid technology.
Neuro-evolutionary evidence for a universal fractal primate brain shape
Authors: Wang Yujiang , Leiberg Karoline , Kindred Nathan , Madan Christopher R , Poirier Colline , Petkov Christopher I , Taylor Peter Neal , Mota Bruno
Published: September 2024

The cerebral cortex displays a bewildering diversity of shapes and sizes across and within species. Despite this diversity, we present a universal multi-scale description of primate cortices. We show that all cortical shapes can be described as a set of nested folds of different sizes. As neighbouring folds are gradually merged, the cortices of 11 primate species follow a common scale-free morphometric trajectory, that also overlaps with over 70 other mammalian species. Our results indicate that all cerebral cortices are approximations of the same archetypal fractal shape with a fractal dimension of df = 2.5. Importantly, this new understanding enables a more precise quantification of brain morphology as a function of scale. To demonstrate the importance of this new understanding, we show a scale-dependent effect of ageing on brain morphology. We observe a more than fourfold increase in effect size (from two standard deviations to eight standard deviations) at a spatial scale of approximately 2 mm compared to standard morphological analyses. Our new understanding may, therefore, generate superior biomarkers for a range of conditions in the future.
Transcription factor condensates, 3D clustering, and gene expression enhancement of the MET regulon
Authors: Lee James , Simpson Leman , Li Yi , Becker Samuel , Zou Fan , Zhang Xin , Bai Lu
Published: September 2024

Some transcription factors (TFs) can form liquid–liquid phase separated (LLPS) condensates. However, the functions of these TF condensates in 3-Dimentional (3D) genome organization and gene regulation remain elusive. In response to methionine (met) starvation, budding yeast TF Met4 and a few co-activators, including Met32, induce a set of genes involved in met biosynthesis. Here, we show that the endogenous Met4 and Met32 form co-localized puncta-like structures in yeast nuclei upon met depletion. Recombinant Met4 and Met32 form mixed droplets with LLPS properties in vitro. In relation to chromatin, Met4 puncta co-localize with target genes, and at least a subset of these target genes is clustered in 3D in a Met4-dependent manner. A MET3pr-GFP reporter inserted near several native Met4-binding sites becomes co-localized with Met4 puncta and displays enhanced transcriptional activity. A Met4 variant with a partial truncation of an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) shows less puncta formation, and this mutant selectively reduces the reporter activity near Met4-binding sites to the basal level. Overall, these results support a model where Met4 and co-activators form condensates to bring multiple target genes into a vicinity with higher local TF concentrations, which facilitates a strong response to methionine depletion.
Physiotherapy Intervention for Cervical Radiculopathy: A Case Report
Authors: Harjai Mehak , Kaur Simranjeet , Sharma Nidhi
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of physiotherapy on pain and quality of life in cervical radiculopathy. Cervical Radiculopathy is characterised by compression of the nerves by either arthritic bone spurs or herniated disc material. Usually, this impingement causes motor dysfunction in the upper extremities and neck, as well as sensory impairments, numbness, or discomfort extending to the arms. Pathologies affecting the nerve roots might result in cervical radiculopathy. Case Report: This case report focuses on a 31-year-old female patient who has been diagnosed with cervical radiculopathy. She had tingling and numbness in her hands, particularly in right arm of physiotherapy on pain and quality of life in cervical radiculopathy. Cervical Radiculopathy is characterised by compression of the nerves by either arthritic bone spurs or herniated disc material. Usually, this impingement causes motor dysfunction in the upper extremities and neck, as well as sensory impairments, numbness, or discomfort extending to the arms. Pathologies affecting the nerve roots might result in cervical radiculopathy. Case Report: This case report focuses on a 31-year-old female patient who has been diagnosed with cervical radiculopathy. She had tingling and numbness in her hands, particularly in right arm shows (median nerve distribution). Patient was recruited on the basis of special test: Spurling Test, Distraction Test, and Upper Limb Tension Test. After 2 week of intervention significant improvement was shown by using- Numeric pain Rating scale for pain, Neck Disability Index for Disability, and SF_12 for quality of life, patient reported less symptomatic and symptoms reduction during work and exercise. This case report demonstrates an effective, evidence based approach to physical therapy treatment for patients in cervical radiculopathy.
A Study Protocol to Investigate the Influence of Shoe Collar Height on Coordination and Plantar Pressure Distribution during Locomotion in Young Adults
Authors: Sahu Gargi , Sharma Nidhi , Kaur Simranjeet
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Higher collar heights are often associated with increased ankle support and stability while lower collar heights may allow for greater ankle flexibility. The design of footwear, particularly the height of the collar, plays a crucial role in influencing how individuals move and distribute pressure on their feet during various activities. Aim: To investigate how high-cut, low-cut and mid-cut shoes affects coordination and plantar pressure distribution during walking in young adults. Materials and Methods: Ninety-five healthy college-going students aged between 18-25 years wearing casual shoes for atleast six hours a day for 5 days a week for more than 6 months will be recruited through convenience sampling method. Participants shall be grouped based on the design and cut height of their shoes into high-cut, low-cut and mid-cut categories. Coordination tests under barefoot and shod conditions will be used to assess coordination. Plantar pressure in barefoot condition for different foot regions will be determined through Harris mat and Podia Scan® software. Results: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test will be used to determine normality (n>50). Parametric (Paired t-test) or non-parametric test (Wilcoxon-Signed Rank Test) will be used for within-group analysis. For between-group analysis, parametric (One-way ANOVA) or nonparametric test (Kruskal-Wallis H test) will be used. Conclusion: Understanding the relationship between shoe collar height and lower extremity coordination as well as foot pressure distribution is crucial for designing footwear that optimises performance, minimises injury risk, and enhances overall movement efficiency across various physical activities
Efficacy of Plyometric Warm Up Exercises on Aerobic Capacity and Anaerobic Capacity in Palestrato Population: A Pilot Study
Authors: Pokhrel Deeksha , Saha Joydip
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Plyometric training should be a fundamental part of any plan, whether it is used for performance enhancement, strength and conditioning, or later phases of rehabilitation. Plyometric training, also known as jump-based strength training, is a popular approach to enhancing neuromuscular strength. It utilises the Stretch-Shortening Cycle (SSC) in muscle contractions. This method can improve running economy and reactive strength index, potentially enhancing aerobic performance. Aim: To observe and compare the efficacy of plyometric warm up exercises on aerobic and anaerobic capacity in palestrato population. Materials and Methods: The participants were randomly assigned to two groups using convenience sampling; plyometric warm up group (n=6): Non-plyometric warm up group (n=6), a four week warm up intervention was given to the Plyometric group. Outcome measures included push-ups, squat thrusts, abdominal curls, and a 20-meter shuttle run test. Results: The experimental group (plyometric) showed significant improvement in all four measures: 20 m shuttle run test: Pre (30.7±2.7) and post (34.6±2.8) with p=0.02. Push-up test: Pre (32.8±9.3), post (35.5±8.4) with p=0.042. Abdominal curl: Pre (31.2±8.9), post (35.3±8.3) with p=0.042. Squat thrust: Pre (12.8±4.2), post (17.5±2.1) with p=0.027. Conclusion: Strength athletes can benefit from plyometrics to increase their muscle strength and power as well as their aerobic capacity.
Outcome Measures for Shoulder Joint Assessment in Patients with Stroke: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sangwan Jatin , Chatterjee Subhasish , Saha Mousumi
Published: September 2024

Objective: Understanding the influence of evidence-based practice on rehabilitating patients with stroke can be achieved through the use of suitable outcome measures. Aim: The purpose of this study is to consolidate the existing outcome measures related to the Shoulder Joint assessment in patients with stroke. This review aims to provide education to neurologists, physiotherapists, academics, and researchers regarding available resources for diagnosing, prognosing, and rehabilitating shoulder joint in stroke patients. Materials and Methods: Electronic searches were performed on databases including Medline, PubMed, Cochrane, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Google Scholar using terms related to outcome measures utilised in the diagnosis, prognosis, and rehabilitation of shoulder joint in stroke patients. Results: Total seven outcome measures {Stroke Specific Shoulder Disability Index (SSSDI), Fugl Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity, Motor Assessment Scale, Chedoke-McMaster Stroke Assessment, Orpington Prognostic Scale, Motricity Index, and Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement} were included in this study used in the diagnosis, prognosis, and rehabilitation of upper extremity in shoulder joints having shoulder domains were identified. SSSDI and Fugl Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) have excellent reliability and good validity among them. But, FMA-UE does not measure the functional assessment of shoulder joint. Currently, among the scales used for shoulder assessment in stroke patients, only the SSSDI covers all domains comprehensively, setting it apart from other scales. Conclusion: The SSSDI is a single tool available for assessing the shoulder domains in stroke patients having excellent reliability
Problems Associated with Persisting Primitive Reflex in Healthy School-going Children
Authors: Sharma Yukta , Saxena Akanksha
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Primitive reflexes, originating in the brainstem, develop in utero and vanish within six months post-birth, aiding infant motor milestones. Integration relies on cortical maturation inhibiting them via basal ganglia pathways. Persistence may indicate neurological issues lead to motor, balance, and learning difficulties. Aim: This scoping review explored the persistence of primitive reflexes and determined the problems associated with their persistence in healthy school-going children. Materials and Methods: A total of 3988 full-text published articles were identified from PubMed, Ovid-SP and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) from 2004-2024 year. Only full text prevalence/ incidence and observational studies on children between 4-12 years are included. After duplicate deletion 3614 articles were left at abstract level, finally 63 full text articles related to research topic were further analysed and only nine articles were included in review for analysis. Results: Within group analysis for both experimental groups were found to be statistically significant for Rectus femoris and Vastus Lateralis muscles whereas between group analysis revealed general power training group to offer statistically significant improvement with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Majority of articles show that persistence of ATNR (Asymmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex) reflex shows neurological impairments like attention and reading difficulties while persistence of spinal galant may lead to scoliosis. In articles assessing the persistence of all primitive reflexes like ATNR/STNR (Symmetrical Tonic Neck Reflex)/TLR (Tonic Labyrinthine Reflex) may cause gait impairments and development delay. Boys exhibit higher reflex activity and attention deficits, correlating with diminished reading proficiency, emphasising the link between neuromotor maturity and academic achievement. The prevalence of primary reflexes like ATNR and TLR in preschoolers, impact attention, neuromotor development and gait. Early detection of persisting primitive reflex, and managing them with reflex integration therapy in children can help mitigate neurological development delay
Agility among College-going Students: A Literature Review
Authors: Hassan Tanbeer , Saha Joydip
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Agility is the ability to rapidly alter direction or speed of whole-body in response to a stimulus. Agility is correlated with several trainable physical attributes, including technique, strength, endurance, power and cognitive components. Aim: To provide an insight on agility testing among college-going students. Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed using the PubMed, Scopus and Ovid Medline databases for relevant research published from 2012 to 2022. Articles including participant with age group 18-25 year are included. The search terms such as “Agility”, “Agility test”, “Youth”, “Students” using Boolean operators AND, OR were used. All the free full original English articles inexplicitly explaining the role of agility in the different sport were included, irrespective of the type of the study. Results: A total of 3045 articles were retrieved from different databases, out of which only nine articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included for the present review. These studies revealed that several Agility Test (AT) were developed such as Y-shaped AT, 505 AT, Illinois AT, zigzag run AT, T drill AT, 5-20-30m sprint AT, pro AT, repetitive AT, Butterfly AT and Hexagonal AT, which were used among similar population. Conclusion: Although there are multiple valid agility tests which can be performed among college student. Illinois AT and T drill AT are considered to be most effective test and helps to improve the agility among college students. This review will aware about the implication of different agility test among college-going students.
Hindi Translation, Validation and Testretest Reliability of The Fugl Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity Scale: A Cross-sectional Study Protocol
Authors: Rana Etika , Chatterjee Subhashish
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Stroke, a global health concern, causes substantial mortality and disability. The Fugl Meyer Assessment Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) scale evaluates sensorimotor impairment in stroke patients. Despite Hindi’s widespread use, with over 609 million speakers worldwide, the scale lacks a Hindi version. Bridging this gap could significantly enhance stroke rehabilitation outcomes. Aim: This study aims to translate the FMA-UE scale into Hindi, validate the translated version, and determine its test-retest reliability in Hindispeaking stroke patients. Materials and Methods: Permission from the author is required before meticulously translating the FMA-UE scale into Hindi by bilingual experts. This process will involve, combining perspectives from a medical expert and a linguistic specialist. Merged translations will be back-translated into English for accuracy. Content validation via the Delphi method by an expert panel will ensure linguistic equivalence. Pretesting will gauge comprehensibility and appropriateness. Test-retest reliability will be determined through correlation coefficient calculations on patients, assessed twice with an interval. Results: Study anticipates successful translation of FMA-UE scale into Hindi with robust linguistic translation. Delphi method will be used for item assessment, calculating Item-level Content Validity Index (I-CVI). Scale-level Content Validity Index Average (S-CVI/Ave) ensures unanimity. Test-retest reliability evaluated through ICCs and Bland-Altman plots, illustrating mean scores and standard deviations across sessions, with ICC values indicating reliability and Bland-Altman plots confirming score agreement visually. Conclusion: The Hindi FMA-UE scale will aid assessment in Hindispeaking stroke populations. This protocol ensures linguistic adequacy, enhancing clinical assessment and rehabilitation strategies.
Impact of Body Composition on Dynamic Balance in School-going Children: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Niyaz Suraya , Goyal Kanu
Published: September 2024

Introduction: The primary goal is to provide insights into the mechanisms underlying this relationship and to highlight the relevance of understanding body composition for balance-related interventions. Dynamic balance is crucial for daily activities, and understanding how body composition affects balance can inform strategies to improve balance control and reduce the risk of falls and injuries in children. The present review addresses the gap in knowledge regarding the specific impact of body composition on dynamic balance and its implications for school-going children. Aim: To investigate the relationship between body composition and dynamic balance to elucidate how body composition influence balance performance in school-going children. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search included school-going children from the age 5 to 19 years and was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science databases to identify relevant studies published up to the present date. Articles investigating the association between body composition and dynamic balance in school-going children were included. Results: A total of 913 articles were retrieved for the present study. After removing duplicate articles only 9 articles were evaluated in this literature review. The aim was to explore the relationship between body composition and dynamic balance in school going children. All the 9 articles showed a relatively high proportion of children with overweight and obesity exhibit impairment of dynamic balance. Conclusion: The present review concluded that Body Mass Index (BMI) affects dynamic balance in school-going children. These effects can increase risk of falls and injuries among children. Overall, further research is required to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying how body composition affects dynamic balance and to develop targeted interventions for improving balance for school-going children. This review will increase awareness about the implication of different balance test among school-going students