bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION ON INCOME INEQUALITY AND SOCIAL MOBILITY
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technical University named after A. N. Tupolev-KAI, Kazan, Russian Federation, Sadreeva Alfiya F. , Fardetdinova Luisa A. ,   Еlabuga Institute (branch) of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University", Yelabuga, Republic of Tatarstan, Prikhodko Alexandra N. ,   Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2024

Digitalization plays a key role in the transformation of the modern economy, having a significant impact on income inequality and social mobility. The article analyzes the mechanisms of the impact of digital technologies on the labor market, income redistribution and career opportunities. The issues of digital inequality related to access to technology and differences in qualifications are considered, as well as the potential of digitalization to increase social mobility through new forms of employment and educational platforms. The positive aspects of digitalization, such as the growth of economic activity and the creation of innovative industries, as well as its challenges, including increased segmentation of the labor market and limited access to digital opportunities for individual groups, have been identified. Recommendations are proposed to eliminate digital inequality and increase the inclusiveness of the digital economy.
Optimizing supersaturation curves in various sugar crystallization processes
Authors: Rózsa Jakab
Published: December 2024

Poor crystal size distribution is a common issue in the sugar industry, leading to higher recirculation rates, increased energy and water consumption, lower yield, and problems with centrifuges. Achieving high-quality crystals with low CV and optimal MA requires carefully designed and controlled crystallization processes, with supersaturation being one of the most critical parameters.
The author implemented supersaturation-based crystallization control systems in batch evaporating and cooling crystallizers of beet and cane sugar factories. All these cases focused on selecting and maintaining an optimal supersaturation setpoint that ensures superior crystal quality. Ideal supersaturation setpoint curves differ for high and low feed syrup purities. What works well in a refinery strike may not be suitable for beet white sugar A product and may be ineffective for C product in a cane sugar mill. This paper focuses on these differences and helps select the operating parameters for various crystallization scenarios.
Public Financial Dependence on Algeria’s Hydrocarbon Exports Revenues (2000-2022)
Authors: Rahal Mourad , Amieur Hamma
Published: December 2024

This study explores hydrocarbon dependency in Algeria, focusing on oil price fluctuations’ impact on public finance and fiscal policies from 2000 to 2022. Despite efforts to diversify revenue sources, hydrocarbon revenues remain central to Algeria’s public finances. Energy market volatility introduces uncertainty, affecting budget stability and economic planning. Historical fuel price fluctuations have influenced fiscal policies, enabling development during high prices and necessitating austerity measures during declines. Using a Vector Autoregression (VAR) model, our analysis reveals a short-term influence of oil prices on fiscal expenditures. These findings underscore Algeria’s vulnerability to global oil market shocks, impacting developmental policies and economic restructuring. This research contributes to understanding economic diversification in oil-dependent economies, illuminating public finance dependency on hydrocarbon and its implications for fiscal stability in Algeria.
The Salford Nature Environments Database (SNED): an open-access database of standardized high-quality pictures from natural environments
Authors: Bendall Robert C. A. , Royle Sam , Dodds James , Watmough Hugh , Gillman Jamie C. , Beevers David , Cassidy Simon , Short Ben , Metcalfe Paige , Lomas Michael J. , Graham-Kevan Draco , Gregory Samantha E. A.
Published: December 2024

The growing interest in harnessing natural environments to enhance mental health, including cognitive functioning and mood, has yielded encouraging results in initial studies. Given that images of nature have demonstrated similar benefits, they are frequently employed as proxies for real-world environments. To ensure precision and control, researchers often manipulate images of natural environments. The effectiveness of this approach relies on standardization of imagery, and therefore, inconsistency in methods and stimuli has limited the synthesis of research findings in the area. Responding to these limitations, the current paper introduces the Salford Nature Environments Database (SNED), a standardized database of natural images created to support ongoing research into the benefits of nature exposure. The SNED currently exists as the most comprehensive nature image database available, comprising 500 high-quality, standardized photographs capturing a variety of possible natural environments across the seasons. It also includes normative scores for user-rated (801 participants) characteristics of fascination, refuge and prospect, compatibility, preference, valence, arousal, and approach–avoidance, as well as data on physical properties of the images, specifically luminance, contrast, entropy, CIELAB colour space parameter values, and fractal dimensions. All image ratings and content detail, along with participant details, are freely available online. Researchers are encouraged to use this open-access database in accordance with the specific aims and design of their study. The SNED represents a valuable resource for continued research in areas such as nature-based therapy, social prescribing, and experimental approaches investigating underlying mechanisms that help explain how natural environments improve mental health and wellbeing.
A diagnostic approach to a patient with ascending sensory loss
Authors:   Department of Neurology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA, Gul Sedat , Ahmed Adeenah ,   College of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA, Meyer Jenny A. ,   Department of Neurology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
Published: December 2024

Objective and method. Ascending sensory loss is a common reason for neurologic consultation. In this case report, we describe a 75-year-old male who presented with new onset ascending bilateral lower extremity sensory deficits, which rapidly progressed to include urinary retention and weakness. Outcome. In addition to blood work, neuroimaging and CSF analysis, the definitive diagnosis required serum protein electrophoresis and a bone marrow biopsy. Conclusion. This case highlights the formulation and diagnostic approach to patients with ascending sensory loss, considering the onset of the symptoms and comorbidities in a stepwise approach.
Mutation, metal and misfiring immunity: A case of spinocerebellar ataxia 45 with autoimmune and Wilsons crossroads
Authors:   Department of Neurology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research Porur, Chennai, India, Chadalawada Anuhya , Ranganathan Lakshmi Narasimhan ,   Department of Neurology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research Porur, Chennai, India, Ramesh Rithvik ,   Department of Neurology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research Porur, Chennai, India, Shanmugam Sundar ,   Department of Neurology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research Porur, Chennai, India, Hazeena Philo ,   Department of Neurology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research Porur, Chennai, India
Published: December 2024

Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 45 is a rare autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by FAT2 gene mutations primarily affecting the cerebellum. Until now only six cases were described worldwide, including one from India. They presented predominantly with late onset cerebellar ataxia. We present a unique case of 45-year-old female with FAT2 gene mutation, presenting with cerebellar ataxia, proximal weakness and extrapyramidal symptoms. Her investigations revealed ATP7B mutation linked to Wilson disease, and ANA, Ro-52 positivity additionally. This case highlights the complex genetic and autoimmune overlap, as well as possible SCA 45 phenotypic spectrum.
Uygur Hukuk Belgelerinde Geçen Şazın Ayguçı Ünvanı Üzerine
Authors: Veli Hatice
Published: December 2024

Eski çağlarda din, toplumun iktisadi, idari ve kültürel yapısını belirleyen önemli unsurlardan biri olmuştur. Buna bağlı olarak toplumda hem dinî vaazlar veren hem de dinî görevlerin icra edilmesini denetleyen kimseler bulunmuş ve bunlar yönetici sınıfın içerisinde yer alarak devlet yönetiminde aktif rol oynamıştır. Türkler tarih boyunca çeşitli dinleri benimsemişlerdir. Köktürk devleti döneminde (552-744) Türklerin Şamanizm, Köktengricilik gibi inançları benimsedikleri, Orhun (Ötüken) Uygur Devleti (744-840) kurulduktan sonra ise 762 yılında Türklerin Mâni rahiplerinin telkinleriyle Maniheizm’i kabul etmiş oldukları bilinmektedir. Orhun Uygur Devleti’nin yıkılmasından sonra Tarım havzasına ve günümüzde He-xi koridoru olarak bilinen bölgelere yerleşerek Koço Uygur Devleti (840-1209) ve Kansu Uygur Devleti (840-1028) olarak bilinen iki faklı devleti kurmuş olan Uygurlar, Budizm, Maniheizm, Hristiyanlık gibi farklı inançları benimsemişlerdir. Moğolların egemenliği altına girdikten sonra özellikle Kubilay Han döneminden (1271-1294) itibaren Uygurlar arasında Tibet Budizmi’nin etkisi görülmeye başlamıştır. Türkler arasında yaygınlık kazanan bütün bu dinî inançların temel öğretileri, ritüelleri ve icrası belli bir dinî ünvanı taşıyan kimseler tarafından gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada [9-13.] yüzyıllara ait olduğu düşünülen hukuk belgelerinde geçen şazın ayguçı ünvanının kökeni, bu ünvanın hukuk belgelerindeki durumu ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca Moğol-Yuan sülalesi döneminde bu ünvanı taşıyan Uygur rahip Prajñā-sri ile ilgili bilgilerden yola çıkılarak bu ünvanın taşıyan görevlilerin yetki alanları belirlenmeye çalışılacaktır.
Harf Sembolizminde Sayısal Değerler ve Simya İlişkisi -Câbir b. Hayyân es-Sufi Örneği-
Authors: Gür Mehmet Sadık
Published: December 2024

Harflerin sayı değerleri ele alındığında göze çarpan alanlarından biri de simyadır. Sayısal değerler ve simya arasındaki ilişkiyi Câbir b. Hayyân örneğinde ele almak Arap dili, tasavvuf ve bilim tarihine dair müşterek bir meseleyi aydınlatma potansiyelini barındırmaktadır. Câbir b. Hayyân’ın simyaya bakışının merkezinde mizan ve kükürt-cıva teorisi ile dört unsur (toprak-su-hava-ateş) ve hararet, burûdet, yubûset ve rutûbet olarak isimlendirilen dört tabiat/nitelik etkileşiminin çok önemli olduğu görülmektedir. Klasik dönem kimyasına göre tabiatta bulunan her şey belirli şekillerde dört unsurun dört tabiatla/nitelikle birleşmesinden oluşur. Mizan teorisinde âlemde kemalle nitelenebilecek bir intizam/düzen ve nisbet/oran var olup simya da bu nispeti anlamaya ve oluşturmaya dayalı olarak gelişmiştir. Bu sebeple Câbir b. Hayyân’ın simya anlayışında oranlı sayılar ve sayısal sembolizm son derece mühim bir yer işgal eder. Cıva-kükürt teorisi de özellikle mineral gibi oluşumları açıklamakta kullanılır. Simya, demir ve kurşun gibi değersiz metallerden değerli metalar hâsıl edilmesi yoluyla zenginlik, “iksîr” denilen sihirli madde sayesinde de ab-ı hayata ulaşılabileceği vadedildiğinden Câbir b. Hayyân’ın simya anlayışında değersiz madenlerden altın gibi değerli madenler elde etmede kullanılan ve insana ölümsüz hayat sağlayabilen söz konusu iksire ulaşma teknikleri çok önemlidir. Kendilerinden birkaç yüzyıl sonra Avrupalı takipçilerinin de yapacağı gibi, başta Câbir b. Hayyân olmak üzere Arap simyacıları sanatın sırlarını bilmeyenlerden gizlemek için retorik çözümler (söz oyunları) kullanmışlardır.
Utopian and Dystopian Outcomes of Climate Change in J.G. Ballard's The Drowned World and The Drought
Authors: Köseoğlu Berna
Published: December 2024

J.G. Ballard (1930-2009), one of the most significant English novelists in climate fiction, deals with environmental devastation and its impact on human beings in his novels The Drowned World (1962) and The Drought (1965). In these novels, while the condition of human society is depicted after the environmental disaster which takes place in the future, the roles of human and non-human and their relationship with one another are reflected. It is observed that nature prevails over humans in these novels. Humans, who were once at the center, have lost their privileged positions and their superiority has been replaced by non-humans. Both in The Drowned World and The Drought, the ascendency of nature over humans is stressed. In this article, the effects of industrialization and climate change on human society will be explored and the possible future scenarios regarding the environment, humans and non-humans will be questioned in the light of these two novels. Thus, it will be emphasized that these novels portray the impact of climate change on society from a different perspective; while in The Drowned World the setting turns out to be a utopian one, in The Drought a dystopian environment appears. This article focuses on these two novels comparatively in terms of utopian and dystopian outcomes of climate change.
Analisys of Fraud Diamond Theory in Detecting Fraudulent Financial Statement: Study in Manufacturing Company in Indonesia
Authors: Kurnia Pedi , Yuniarti Rita
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the application of the Fraud Diamond Theory in detecting fraudulent financial statements in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. The Fraud Diamond Theory, which consists of four key elements—pressure, opportunity, rationalization, and capability—provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the factors that drive individuals to commit financial fraud. Using a sample of financial data from selected manufacturing firms, this research examines how these four elements contribute to fraudulent behavior and evaluates their effectiveness in identifying financial statement irregularities. The study utilizes quantitative methods, employing financial ratio analysis, statistical tests, and data on corporate governance to assess the likelihood of fraud within these companies. The results indicate that the elements of pressure and opportunity play a significant role in facilitating fraudulent activities, while rationalization and capability also contribute but are more difficult to quantify. The findings suggest that incorporating Fraud Diamond indicators into corporate governance and internal audit systems can enhance the early detection of financial fraud in manufacturing firms in Indonesia. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on fraud detection, offering insights for regulators, auditors, and corporate stakeholders to strengthen financial oversight and prevent financial misstatements.
Implementing the TaRL Approach Assisted by Educaplay Media for Improving Mentally Disabled Students’ Learning Activities
Authors: Wahyu Rizkita Ika , Kurrotun Ainin Ima
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to determine the application of the TaRL approach assisted by educaplay media in increasing the learning activities of students with intellectual disabilities. This research uses a quantitative approach with the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method with 2 cycles. The data analysis technique used is quantitative descriptive. The subjects used were 4 mentally retarded students in class V at the SLB PKK Gedeg Mojokerto. This research uses observation techniques to collect data on the learning activities of students with intellectual disabilities. The results of the research showed a significant increase in learning activities from cycle I to cycle II, where in cycle I the percentage of completion was 75% with an average score of 72.25. Meanwhile, in cycle II, the percentage of completeness showed a result of 100% with an average score of 91.
Rare fetal tumors
Authors: Taşdemir Ümit , Eyisoy Gökhan , Gezer Murad , Cerrah Celayir Ayşenur , Eriç Özdemir Mucize , Demirci Oya
Published: December 2024

Aim: Congenital tumors in fetuses are exceedingly uncommon. The majority of these tumors will be primarily addressed through intrauterine surveillance. They may occur without any clinical symptoms or could lead to serious complications, such as hydrops. Recent progress in prenatal genetic diagnostics and imaging techniques has significantly enhanced the ability to detect fetal tumors and congenital anomalies.
Materials and methods: A retrospective case series was conducted at a tertiary referral center over a ten-year period, from January 1, 2014, to January 1, 2024, on confirmed cases of fetal tumors identified within our perinatology center. Patients suspected of having fetal tumors underwent biweekly ultrasonographic assessments to monitor critical parameters. Relatively more common cases of fetal tumors (lymphangioma and sacrococcygeal teratoma) were not included in the study.
Results: A total of 16 cases of various type of fetal tumors from different origins were identified. Associated anomalies were identified in three cases, including two cases of epignathus and the case of glioblastoma multiforme. Fetal growth restriction, fetal anemia and amniotic fluid abnormalities were not detected in any of the cases during prenatal monitoring. Hydrops occurred only in one case involving an intrapericardial teratoma. Eleven cases managed to reached delivery and four of them required surgery. Malignancy was detected in 2 cases after surgical intervention
Conclusion: Ultrasonography is the first step imaging method for evaluation of the fetal tumors. However, it is not always easy to determine the location and histology diagnosis of the mass by ultrasonography.
Determinants Of Financial Performance In People's Credit Banks In Bali Province
Authors: MARTINIASIH Putu Mas , TRIMURTI Christimulia Purnama , KOMALASARI Yeyen , ADINEGARA Gusti Ngurah Joko
Published: December 2024

Purpose: This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of the Loan Deposit Ratio, operating costs, operating income, Non-Performing Loans, Capital Adequacy Ratio and Net Interest Margin on the financial performance of BPRs in Bali Province in 2019-2022.Methodology:This research is quantitative descriptive. This research was conducted at all Rural Banks in Bali Province by analyzing the Determinants of Financial Performance at Rural Banks in Bali Province from November 2023 to January 2024. The scope of the research is to determine the factors that influence Financial Performance at Rural Banks in Bali Province. The population in this research is all Rural Banks in Bali Province in 2019-2022, totaling 135 Rural Banks. Sampling in this research used the purposive sampling method.Findings: The calculations show that the total research sample was 133 Rural Banks in Bali Province, with four years of observation totaling 532 data. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The research results show that the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) positively affects Return on Assets (ROA).Implication:Operating Costs Operating Income (BOPO) hurts Return on Assets (ROA). Non-performing loans (NPL) hurt Return on Assets (ROA). Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) positively affects Return on Assets (ROA). Net Interest Margin (NIM) has a negative effect on Return on Assets (ROA).
Various Forms of Regional Policy Supervision in the Era of Broad Autonomy
Authors: PUTERA Meldy , SISKA  , DEWIATI Yayu , SITOHANG Erikjon , KRISTHY Mutia Evi , JOVI  , DODDY
Published: December 2024

Purpose: 
Following abolishing all controlling measures except repressive control, decentralisation triggered fundamental changes in local government administration. Tight control may obstruct regions' autonomy and hamper central-regional relations. Proportional control is indispensable for balancing local governments' freedom. All monitoring measures outside Act 32/2004 are unwarranted without improvement of legal instruments at the central government.
Methodology:
The method in the given text revolves around the historical analysis and constitutional references to explain the concept of autonomy in the Indonesian regional government system. It highlights the evolution of autonomy from the 1950 Provisional Constitution to the 1945 Constitution amendments, emphasizing the need for autonomy to prevent secessionist tendencies.
Findings: 
Supervision in autonomy serves as a crucial control tool, impacting regional freedom and either fostering autonomy or promoting centralization, contingent on the government system. Historical patterns reveal strict centralization in regional policies, limiting regional autonomy.
Prostitution in the Context of Human Trafficking
Authors: PRAMONO Bayu Aji , RAMADHANI Sri Ridma , AIKO Ovelia , SALAHIDIN  , HELMI  , DEBIANTHO
Published: December 2024

Purpose:The phenomenon of prostitution is currently ubiquitous among young people. Based on this reality, the phenomenon of prostitution needs to be studied theoretically from a sociological and legal perspective, which also affects the emergence of laws and regulations that regulate the issue of human trafficking and prostitution. The purpose of this study is (1) to examine theoretically from sociological and legal perspectives on human trafficking and (2) to determine the influence of laws and regulations on trafficking and prostitution.Methodology:This study is empirical by using primary data and secondary. Primary data is collected by observation and interviews directly with related sides. Sample specified in purposive sampling. Secondary data was obtained by passing the bibliography study and document with the descriptive analysis.Findings:This study is empirical by using primary data and secondary. Primary data is collected by observation and interviews directly with related sides. Sample specified in purposive sampling. Secondary data was obtained by passing the bibliography study and document with the descriptive analysis.Implication:The Law is no longer effective in controlling the social conditions of society. It can be seen from the many laws and regulations that regulate the problem of prostitution and trafficking but are unable to overcome the problems that occur. Economic conditions are the cause of this. Apart from that, something interesting about prostitution is that social control laws are no longer able to regulate it because, from an early age, women have been educated to work in places of prostitution or night entertainment.
The Matter of Grandma Minah in the Perspective of Positivism
Authors: YAPRIZAL Andi , THEOPILUS Ebith , KRISTHY Mutia Evi
Published: December 2024

Purpose: In a law there are various parties who will enforce the laws in force in Indonesia. These parties carry out law enforcement so as not to create a violation of the law, bring order to society and regulate society in accordance with the norms and rules that apply in a country is not easy to apply in public life.Methodology:The resolution of a case of violation of the law is a legal process. Legal process is an action to resolve cases of violations of the law to achieve a settlement in accordance with applicable regulations in Indonesia.Findings: In legal cases that have occurred in Indonesia, the provision of criminal sanctions against Grandma Minah who is a cocoa thief has received a lot of attention from the public. The case of "Grandma Minah" is an example of law enforcement in Indonesia that is still considered by the public to have not realized sanctions in rulings in accordance with conscience and moral considerations.Implication:The reason that often arises is the injustice of sanctions against theft crimes that can actually still be resolved by familial means. But this is the reality that occurs on the ground between legal theory and practice that has different implementations.
Evidence-based clinical recommendations for hypofractionated radiotherapy: exploring efficacy and safety - Part 4: Liver and locally recurrent rectal cancer
Authors: Byun Hwa Kyung , Yoo Gyu Sang , Sung Soo-Yoon , Song Jin-Ho , Kim Byoung Hyuck , Kwak Yoo-Kang , Kim Yeon Joo , Kim Yeon-Sil , Kim Kyung Su
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we review the use of hypofractionated radiotherapy for gastrointestinal malignancies, focusing on primary and metastatic liver cancer, and recurrent rectal cancer. Technological advancements in radiotherapy have facilitated the direct delivery of high-dose radiation to tumors, while limiting normal tissue exposure, supporting the use of hypofractionation. Hypofractionated radiotherapy is particularly effective for primary and metastatic liver cancer where high-dose irradiation is crucial to achieve effective local control. For recurrent rectal cancer, the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy offers a promising approach for re-irradiation, balancing efficacy and safety in patients who have been administered previous pelvic radiotherapy and in whom salvage surgery is not applicable. Nevertheless, the potential for radiation-induced liver disease and gastrointestinal complications presents challenges when applying hypofractionation to gastrointestinal organs. Given the lack of universal consensus on hypofractionation regimens and the dose constraints for primary and metastatic liver cancer, as well as for recurrent rectal cancer, this review aims to facilitate clinical decision-making by pointing to potential regimens and dose constraints, underpinned by a comprehensive review of existing clinical studies and guidelines.
The Associations Between Individual Anthropometric Measurements and Fracture Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Song Yucheng , Zhou Jun , Tang Guanghua
Published: December 2024

Background

The primary objective of this study was to investigate and substantiate the possible causal connections between measurements of body dimensions and the likelihood of experiencing fractures.

Materials and Methods

We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the associations between anthropometric measurements and two specific traits—bone mineral density and fracture risk. To ensure the credibility of our causal conclusions, we used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method along with various sensitivity analyses.

Results

Our findings suggest a notable link between increased height and the likelihood of fractures. Specifically, employing the IVW method revealed that for every 10-cm increase in height, there was a 6.0% rise in fracture risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.06; 95% CI, 1.06–1.13;
P
=.0001). This outcome was further supported by both the weighted-median method and the MR-Egger method, with an OR of 1.10 (95% CI, 1.03–1.16;
P
=.0003) and an OR of 1.11 (95% CI, 1.08–1.17;
P
=.0020), respectively. No statistically significant associations were observed between other measurements, such as body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI, hip circumference adjusted for BMI, and waist circumference adjusted for BMI, and fracture risk. Sensitivity analyses, including MR-Egger regression's intercept test and multivariate testing, indicated no substantial presence of directional pleiotropy in instrumental variables, ensuring the stability and reliability of our analysis results.

Conclusion

Our study used MR to present genetic evidence supporting height as a distinct causal factor in fracture susceptibility. Our findings underscore the importance of incorporating anthropometric measurements into the development of strategies for preventing and treating osteoporosis. [
Orthopedics
. 2025;48(1):25–29.]
Moving mesh simulations of pitting corrosion
Authors: Sarker Abu Naser , Haynes Ronald D. , Robertson Michael D.
Published: December 2024

Damages due to pitting corrosion of metals cost industry billions of dollars per year and can put human lives at risk. The design and implementation of an adaptive moving mesh method is provided for a moving boundary problem related to pitting corrosion. The adaptive mesh is generated automatically by solving a mesh PDE coupled to the nonlinear potential problem. The moving mesh approach is shown to enable initial mesh generation, provide automatic mesh adjustment (or recovery) and is able to smoothly tackle changing pit geometry. Materials with varying crystallography are considered. Changing mesh topology due to the merging of pits is also handled. The evolution of the pit shape, the pit depth, and the pit width are computed and compared to existing results in the literature. Mesh quality results are also included.
Soins de suivi gynécologique : quelles dynamiques territoriales depuis l’élargissement des compétences des sages-femmes ?
Authors: Karnycheff Thomas , Lucas-Gabrielli Véronique , Mousquès Julien , Chevillard Guillaume
Published: December 2024

Le suivi gynécologique est assuré en France par les gynécologues, les médecins généralistes et plus récemment les sages-femmes. Nous étudions dans cet article comment a évolué l’accessibilité à certains actes de suivi gynécologique (prélèvements cervico-vaginaux et actes techniques de contraception), le recours et les configurations d’offre de soins suite à l’élargissement des compétences des sages-femmes en 2009. Ceci à partir d’une analyse descriptive de plusieurs indicateurs territoriaux et de leur évolution, puis d’une typologie synthétique des territoires de vie santé, résumant leur accessibilité au suivi gynécologique, son évolution entre 2016 et 2022, le recours aux soins et les configurations de l’offre. Les résultats mettent en évidence que l’élargissement des compétences des sages-femmes dans le suivi gynécologique s’accompagne d’une meilleure accessibilité territoriale, d’une diminution des inégalités territoriales et d’une amélioration du recours aux soins avec toutefois des variations selon les types de territoires.
Comment faire du neuf avec du vieux : le Métadictionnaire médical multilingue, une nouvelle phase de la bibliothèque numérique Medica
Authors: Vincent Jean-François
Published: December 2024

Le Métadictionnaire médical multilingue de la bibliothèque numérique Medica (Université Paris Cité) a été conçu, dans le cadre d’un appel à projets de Collex-Persée, dans la continuité de la politique documentaire de Medica. La numérisation de masse des premières décennies du xxie siècle ayant porté des fruits considérables, il est désormais attendu des bibliothèques numériques qu’elles produisent des services plus sophistiqués, comme celui-ci. Le Métadictionnaire doit être utile non seulement aux linguistes, mais aussi aux autres publics de Medica. Il doit permettre d’interroger l’ensemble de son corpus de dictionnaires. Il enrichit le corpus existant des dictionnaires les plus anciens du domaine médical et ajoute la recherche en grec. Il donne à voir une liste des vedettes du corpus. Par la structuration des articles de sept dictionnaires, il exploite les traductions et d’autres liens entre les mots et les locutions pour permettre une circulation enrichie dans le corpus. Tous les liens ainsi établis sont vérifiables aisément.
Dans l’atelier du Métadictionnaire : restituer un savoir lexical ancien par un balisage en XML-TEI, des principes méthodologiques à la pratique numérique
Authors: Rousseau Nathalie
Published: December 2024

Cette réflexion sur les aspects concrets de la réalisation du Métadictionnaire médical multilingue de la bibliothèque numérique Medica, financé par le Groupement d’intérêt scientifique Collex-Persée, met en lumière les interactions entre les principes qui ont présidé au balisage ciblé, en XML-TEI, du texte océrisé d’un ensemble de dictionnaires médicaux anciens (proposer des données philologiquement fiables, s’en tenir aux analyses produites par les dictionnaires, préserver l’information non traitée) et la pratique numérique. Nous détaillons les arbitrages qui ont été réalisés pour offrir le plus rapidement possible des résultats déjà assez fournis tout en cherchant à préserver une exigence de rigueur philologique, et indiquons les pistes d’amélioration qui ont été identifiées.
Entre comptes et contes. L’enquête de Tchekhov au bagne de Sakhaline
Authors: Schiltz Marie-Ange
Published: December 2024

À l’été 1890, Anton Tchekhov mène, seul, un recensement « exhaustif » auprès de « dix milles » bagnards et colons du bagne de Sakhaline qui est, en cette fin de siècle, le plus important lieu de déportation russe. Les résultats de l’enquête sont accessibles sous le titre « L’Île de Sakhaline ». Tchekhov veut dénoncer l’injustice faite aux malheureux que l’Empire russe déporte en masse vers son Extrême-Orient. Ce grand de la littérature honnit l’opinion, il ambitionne de produire un témoignage « objectif », dire vrai, être crû ; pour ce faire, il choisit l’observation chiffrée. Le présent article s’attache à rendre compte de l’élaboration du projet, du déroulement de l’enquête, de la rédaction du rapport sans négliger les aléas de la collecte, les interrogations sur la fiabilité des réponses et la difficulté à faire face à la masse de données ; l’embarras de l’auteur à faire parler les chiffres est fort heureusement contrebalancé par de fulgurantes échappées littéraires La rédaction du compte-rendu de l’enquête est longue et laborieuse. Le livre paraît en 1895.
El FRA: una experiencia de unidad de los maoístas argentinos frente al GAN y las elecciones de 1973
Authors: Rubio Matías , Rupar Brenda
Published: December 2024

En Argentina, a inicios de la década de 1970, había cuatro partidos políticos que reclamaban su adhesión a la experiencia china y al maoísmo. A pesar de su coexistencia y eventuales confluencias en sucesos puntuales, no hubo trabajos conjuntos a largo plazo entre ellos. No obstante, existió una excepción que fue protagonizada por los dos partidos maoístas que tenían mayor tamaño e inserción, Vanguardia Comunista y el Partido Comunista Revolucionario. Ante la convocatoria a un Gran Acuerdo Nacional para dar salida legal a la dictadura de la Revolución Argentina (1966-1973), crearon la Fuerza Revolucionaria Antiacuerdista, una alianza coyuntural de oposición al mismo. En este trabajo nos detendremos en analizar esa experiencia, ofreciendo una nueva dimensión del análisis en torno a agrupamientos maoístas nacionales.
Francisco Miró Quesada y la polémica sobre la China de Mao (1959-1960)
Authors: Fernández Ramos Guillermo Alexís
Published: December 2024

En 1959, Francisco Miró Quesada Cantuarias publicó La otra mitad del mundo, libro que, editado en dos tomos, daba su testimonio sobre su viaje a los principales países socialistas (la URSS y la República Popular China). Su alegato está situado en un primer ciclo de viajeros peruanos a China, después de que el Estado peruano restableció relaciones comerciales con los países socialistas de Europa oriental y Asia. Otros viajeros del Perú también dejaron escritos testimoniales, pero el redactado por Miró Quesada fue el que tuvo mayor repercusión mediática. Su libro generó, antes de ser publicado y después, una serie de respuestas en forma de artículos (periodísticos y académicos) y cartas públicas difundidas en diferentes medios académicos y periodísticos. Intelectuales de diferentes vertientes fueron sus detractores. En ese sentido, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar la posición de Miró Quesada con respecto a la China de Mao Zedong, así como también reconstruir la polémica que género.
Políticas de memoria y transmisión: apuntes para analizar la relación entre dispositivos de mediación y visitantes en espacios de memoria (Argentina)
Authors: Cinto Agustina
Published: December 2024

El artículo contribuye a la indagación de la vinculación entre dispositivos de mediación memorial y visitantes en espacios de memoria en Argentina, cuyo desarrollo analítico en términos locales aún es escaso. Considerando que existe un proceso de co-constitución entre el dispositivo y los/as visitantes durante la experiencia de visita, la transmisión se produce y es producto de dicho encuentro. Así, este análisis encuentra antecedentes en los estudios sobre memoria centrados en ex CCD recuperados, añadiendo aportes de estudios de públicos o de visitantes, realizados de manera preponderante en instituciones museísticas. En primer lugar, establecemos algunas claves teórico-metodológicas para estudiar la transmisión en estos particulares espacios, considerando que ha sido uno de los principales objetivos de las políticas de memoria allí desplegadas. En segundo lugar, abordamos comparativamente tres espacios de memoria argentinos en los que ha sido analizada la transmisión, atendiendo a sus dispositivos, narrativa predominante y la perspectiva de los/as visitantes. Partimos de la hipótesis de que no existe una relación de correspondencia directa entre los sentidos propuestos por los dispositivos y aquello que efectivamente es transmitido a los/as visitantes. Lejos de la transferencia de un relato homogéneo sobre el pasado reciente, la transmisión en estos espacios transita desde la generación de empatía por lo acontecido hasta su cuestionamiento.
Réactivation du souvenir du massacre des bananeraies (1928) depuis la ville de Ciénaga : la surenchère mémorielle face au désengagement de l’État colombien (années 2000).
Authors: Fablet Noémi
Published: December 2024

Voilà bientôt un siècle que fut perpétré le massacre des bananeraies (1928) dans la ville de Ciénaga (Magdalena, Colombie). Cet article constitue un exercice d’histoire du temps présent portant sur la ville caribéenne, théâtre de cet événement de répression étatique ; il aborde les questions mémorielles sous l’angle des politiques publiques. La réactualisation de cet épisode d’extrême violence au XXIe siècle invite à se demander comment l’État colombien et les autorités municipales se positionnent vis-à-vis de cet héritage violent, à l’ère de la gouvernance mémorielle. À travers l’observation des interactions entre ces politiques locales et nationales et une demande sociale cienaguera en pleine effervescence, il s’agit d’interroger les effets de ces politiques publiques, ou plutôt de leur quasi-absence, sur la mémoire du massacre des bananeraies.
De centre de torture à patrimoine de l’humanité. L’École de Mécanique de la Marine (ESMA) comme emblème de la mémoire
Authors: Feld Claudia
Published: December 2024

Le centre clandestin de détention qui a fonctionné dans l’École de Mécanique de la Marine (ESMA) dans la ville de Buenos Aires a été l’un des plus actifs et connus de la dernière dictature Argentine (1976-1983). Malgré ses singularités, non généralisables à l’ensemble des centres clandestins de détention, l’ESMA est devenu avec le temps un emblème de la mémoire destiné à représenter d’une part les horreurs qui se sont déroulées pendant la dictature et d’autre part l’importance des droits humains pour la démocratie argentine. Cet article reconstruit et tente de conceptualiser ce « processus d’emblématisation » de 1984 jusqu’à aujourd’hui. Les plus importantes représentations du centre clandestin, ainsi que les débats publics à propos du lieu dans lequel il a fonctionné font l’objet d’une analyse approfondie. Ainsi, ce texte se centre sur quatre séquences particulières : les débuts de la transition (1984), les déclarations d’un agent de la répression de l’ESMA (1995), la transformation du site de l’ESMA en espace pour la mémoire (2004) et l’inauguration du Musée et lieu de mémoire ESMA (2015). Cette étude ouvre aussi des interrogations sur un plan plus général à propos des processus sociaux de la mémoire, leurs défis et leurs tensions.
La “fiesta” como instrumento pedagógico: la escenificación del pasado en las celebraciones Bicentenarias de 2010 en Argentina y México
Authors: Perochena Camila
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es comparar las celebraciones del Bicentenario del 2010 en Argentina y México. Para ambos casos no preguntamos sobre las formas y recursos estéticos utilizados, los acontecimientos y personajes que se recordaron, los símbolos y rituales que se pusieron en escena y el rol de las fiestas como instrumento pedagógico. Las fuentes utilizadas fueron el material audiovisual de los festejos, artículos periodísticos, discursos y entrevistas personales realizadas a los organizadores de las celebraciones. El artículo concluye que los festejos compartieron una misma tendencia a la espectacularidad y el entretenimiento, pero se diferenciaron en la voluntad pedagógica y las formas de representación. Por un lado, estuvo el festejo de un gobierno populista que escenificó las disputas del pasado a la luz del presente y cuya intención pedagógica apuntó a un “dirigismo moral”. Por el otro, un gobierno liberal conservador que evitó abrir disputas por el pasado y convirtió los festejos en un espectáculo sin interpretaciones históricas claras donde la representación alegórica diluía el carácter revolucionario de los hechos conmemorados.
Form or Practice?
Authors: Feige Daniel Martin
Published: December 2024

Pragmatism can be understood as a position that conceives of epistemic and moral claims in the terms of a realization within the framework of our collective forms of activity. In this respect, it on the one hand proves to be compatible with current discussions in anthropology, which take Aristotle and German Idealism as their starting point. At the same time however, the two seem to be in tension with regard to the concept of form presupposed in the neo-Aristotelian debates which seems to block a practice-theoretical reading. This article argues for a reconciliation of the two concepts: The human form of life is realized in collective practices that further define the concept of this form of life. For such a reconcilement, both pragmatist as well as neo-Aristotelian accounts however must partially be re-engineered.
The Scope of Mind in Nature
Authors: Raduly Etienne
Published: December 2024

This article aims to explore the origins of Charles W. Morris’ semiotic anthropology through an analysis of his “symbolism,” a theory of mind wherein the latter is completely identified with the production and use of symbols. Developed in the late 1920s, this theory consists in transforming the behaviorist approach by means of a semantic or referential emphasis, i.e. by underlining the importance of the symbol’s object rather than studying only the responses that it elicits. Considering, however, that the experience of reference is of a private or “self-inclusive” nature, Morris’ conception of the symbol entails a number of significant consequences, not only with respect to classical behaviorist views, but also to Mead’s. By founding his conception of the symbol on a self-inclusive basis, Morris questioned the linguistic and social criteria that governed the outlook of his mentor in Mind, Self, and Society. This critical reading thus implies a rehabilitation of animal symbolism, against a number of remarks by Mead indicating his refusal of the existence of symbolization, and so of mind, in the non-human world. Insofar as Morris’ line of thought was heavily influenced by contemporary research in comparative psychology, it is possible to consider that he anticipated recent discussions of Mead’s alleged “anthropocentrism,” and suggested an evolutionary and continuous view of mind through a generalized symbolism that refuses any difference of nature between human and animal mentalities.
William James’s Inquiry into Modes of Existence
Authors: Frigerio Christian
Published: December 2024

The ontological turn is one of the most debated issues in contemporary anthropology, but what it means for anthropology to become ontological is rarely made clear. Bruno Latour’s suggestion that anthropology should revolve around “modes of existence” is arguably the most robust proposal to date, but the connection between modes of existence and properly anthropological concerns remains obscure. This paper argues that William James is a key figure for getting a better understanding of what ontology and modes of existence mean, and that in particular “The Perception of Reality” – chapter XXI of the second volume of the Principles of Psychology – offers many possibilities for linking a framework centered on human being-in-the-world, such as anthropology, with properly metaphysical concerns. In this paper, the content of “The Perception of Reality” is summarized, and James’s proposal to ground modes of existence on belief is discussed, to show how, once we are clear about what we mean by “ontology,” anthropology can (and should) engage in metaphysical debates in order to make its stakes explicit. The conclusion suggests that James’s grounding of modes of existence on individual belief can compensate for ontological anthropology’s tendency to erase the internal differences of a collective in order to speak of a supposedly unified and homogeneous “cosmology.”
Pragmatism and Post-Truth
Authors: Fennell John
Published: December 2024

This paper begins by contrasting two familiar approaches to truth and justification: realist and anti-realist, in order to indicate, firstly, two important, but diametrically opposed, intuitions they each capture about these notions, and secondly, the epistemological problems they each give rise to: radical scepticism and relativism respectively. It then introduces a third, fallibilist-pragmatist account, which captures each of the important insights of the other two accounts while avoiding their problems. The paper concludes by showcasing how the fallibilist-pragmatist approach differs from both relativism and radical scepticism, and in doing so fares better than they do in navigating the issue of academic freedom and “cancel culture” on college campuses.
Potentiality and Actuality in Peirce and Dewey
Authors: Garrison Jim
Published: December 2024

This paper fills a gap in the literature concerning the importance of the categories of potentiality and actuality in the philosophies of Charles Sanders Peirce and John Dewey. Peirce and Dewey derived their positions by revising Aristotle. Their revisions are surprisingly similar in many aspects and different in at least one significant feature – haecceity. Peirce and Dewey’s pragmatic reconstruction of actuality and potentiality is perhaps the most important advance since the Scholastics. The goal is to recover the categories of potentiality and actuality for the future development of pragmatism.
Discours « tenant lieu » d’un autre discours : un espace générique de la représentation de discours autre
Authors: Authier-Revuz Jacqueline
Published: December 2024

Dans le cadre d’une réflexion sur l’activité métalangagière, le fait du « discours rapporté » est englobé dans le champ plus large de la « représentation du discours autre » dans lequel le discours en train de se faire représente un autre discours. Si le rapport ainsi établi est traditionnellement envisagé au niveau des énoncés, à travers les réalisations des différents modes de représentation du discours autre (discours direct, discours indirect, discours bivocal, modalisation autonymique d’emprunt, modalisation en assertion seconde), cet article propose d’examiner l’articulation entre une unité représentante et une unité représentée au niveau du texte. Il montre ainsi comment la représentation du discours autre peut apparaître comme critère définitoire premier pour des genres de discours variés (résumé, revue de presse, pastiche…) ainsi rassemblés en un espace générique. Il s’emploie enfin à circonscrire dans cet espace une zone spécifique rassemblant des genres dans lesquels le discours représentant a pour propriété de se substituer ou encore de « tenir lieu » du discours représenté sous réserve d’obéir à des prescriptions sociales et institutionnelles, ainsi des genres du « procès verbal » ou encore du « compte rendu ».