bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto de extractos vegetales compuestos sobre Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae) y su parasitoide Tamarixia radiata (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
Authors: Barros-Barrios Mayelis M. , Restrepo-García Ana María , Narváez-Solarte William , Soto-Giraldo Alberto
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de los extractos compuestos de Murraya paniculata, Cocos nucifera, Syzygium aromaticum y Psidium guajava sobre Diaphorina citri y Tamarixia radiata. Alcance: Brindar alternativas de manejo para el control de D. citri sin causar afectaciones a su parasitoide primario. Metodología: Se realizó extracción de principios activos de las especies vegetales medianteextracción Soxhlet y rotaevaporación al vacío, determinación de los compuestos volátiles mediante micro extracción en fase sólida SPME (por sus siglas en inglés) y evaluación de su efecto sobre los insectos con pruebas de olfatometría de doble elección, analizando los resultados mediante el índice de preferencia (IP=2T/T+C), contrastado por análisis de varianza y comparación demedias con la prueba de Duncan. Resultados principales: D. citri mostró preferencia por los compuestos volátiles de M. paniculata (IP 1,7) y no preferencia por S. aromaticum (IP 0,9); las evaluaciones con C. nucifera y P. guajava arrojaron un IP de 1,2 y 1 respectivamente, sin presentar diferencias significativas en la elección, sin embargo, los individuos murieron minutos después dela interacción con los extractos. Por su parte, en las evaluaciones para T. radiata no se detectaron diferencias significativas entre las medias de los índices de preferencia de los tratamientos (p>0,05). Conclusiones: Las especies de plantas evaluadas presentaron actividad biológica atrayente, repelente e insecticida sobre D. citri sin afectar a su parasitoide T. radiata, lo que sustenta laviabilidad del desarrollo de propuestas de manejo alternativo con extractos vegetales compuestos, sugiriendo su integración en un plan de manejo de la plaga.
Primera escultura oficial en bronce en Lusitania (Hispania)
Authors: Nogales Basarrate Trinidad
Published: September 2024

The Romanisation of Lusitania (Hispania) took place in the time of Augustus, after the conquest of the Hispanic territory at the end of the 1st century BC. Bronze has largely disappeared from the archaeological remains, due to its constant reuse. In the early decorative programmes of some Lusitanian cities there are important traces of bronze sculptures. We present three examples: Sculptures from the provincial capital Augusta Emerita in its first public decorative phase in local granite and bronze, before the massive presence of marble; an equestrian statue from the forum of the colonia Norbensis Caesarina, perhaps representing its founding patron Lucius Cornelius Balbus, and an imperial statuary fragment from the Roman theatre of the colonia of Metellinum. They all date from the Augustan period and attest to the presence of important bronze workshops in the western part of the Empire.
Investigation of the Defect Effects on the Load-Carrying Capacity of Butt Joints: A Numerical Study
Authors: Taş Hamza
Published: September 2024

Determining the behavior of joints under a specific load and estimating the damage potential is essential for ensuring the durability of joints in engineering structures. Defects might occur at the adhesive layer, which causes a reduction in the durability of joints. This work aims to examine the effects of the defect presence, defect volume fraction, defect position, and random distribution of defects at the adhesive layer on the durability of the butt joint. A finite element (FE) model of the butt joint was constructed using the commercially available FE software Abaqus/Standard. The validation of the FE model was conducted by comparing its results with experimental finding reported in existing literature. Numerical and experimental results showed strong agreement, with relative errors of 2.46% and 2.95% at peak force and displacement at peak force, respectively. Defect presence significantly influences the durability of the butt joint. Defect volume fraction and defect location are the dominant parameters affecting the durability of the butt joint. The square defects at the center of the bonding layer, with volume fractions of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15, lowers the peak force by 5.08%, 10.56%, and 15.73%, respectively. When the defect is positioned at the center of the bonding layer, adhesive failure starts at the edges of the defects. However, relocating the defect from the center to the left or upper side of the bonding layer results in adhesive failure initiation at the corresponding edges of the adhesive. Random defect distribution in the adhesive layer doesn’t affect joint durability.
Stepwise Alternating Direction Implicit Method of the Three Dimensional Convective-Diffusion Equation
Authors: Amina Sabir , Mairemunisa Abudusaimaiti
Published: September 2024

A stepwise alternating direction implicit method of the three dimensional convective-diffusion equation is considered in this paper. We constructed an implicit difference scheme and analyzes it's truncation error, convergence and stabilities. The theoretical and numerical analysis shows that the implicit difference scheme is unconditional stable. Then the Greedy Algorithm is proposed to solve the numerical solution on x,y and z axis separately by using implicit difference scheme and the numerical solution is convergent theoretically, however with no physical meaning. The Stepwise Alternating Direction Implicit Method (SADIM) is proposed, which uses the implicit difference scheme in this paper. Using Sauls scheme to pretreat the initial-boundary condition before iterating, thus eliminate the numerical oscillation caused by discontinuous initial boundary conditions. This SADIM is at least six ordered convergent, and is one of high ordered numerical methods for three dimensional problem. Our implicit difference scheme is more ideal than the standard Galerkin centered on finite difference scheme, quicker than SOR iteration method. The convergence of our implicit scheme is better than finite element method, characteristic line method, and mesh-less method. Our method eliminates the numerical oscillation caused by the convection dominant, resists the dispersion effectively and addresses dissipation caused by diffusion dominant.The implicit difference scheme has good theoretical and practical value.
Disorders of Sex Development (DSD): A more than three Decades of Experience at a Major Teaching Hospital
Authors: Nasir A M Al-Jurayyan
Published: September 2024

A retrospective hospital-based study was conducted at the Pediatric Endocrine Division, King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, during the period July 1983 and June 2017. Methods: Medical records of patients who were diagnosed with DSD were retrospectively reviewed. Data included the etiological diagnosis, clinical history, physical examination, results of laboratory and radiological investigations, medical and surgical options offered, and results of follow-up. Laparoscopy or laparotomy with gonadal biopsies was done when appropriate. Results: During the period under review, a total of 203 patients with Disorders of Sex Development (DSDs) were evaluated. Their ages ranged between one day and 13 years. Hundred- thirty-nine (68.5%) patients were genetic females (46 XX). Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH) is the most common, in 137(98.5%) patients. Conclusion: Disorders of sex development are a group of heterogeneous conditions with variable aetiologias. Many patients with DSD have a good quality of life and lead a near-normal life, though some have not. The severity of the disorder, initial evaluation and follow-up by a specialized multidisciplinary team, good psychological support, and proper education were important. Finally, sex assignments should be made early after a thorough investigation.
Ethics of Care in Time and with Time - or a Sketch of a “Care of Temporality”
Authors: Damien Le Guay
Published: September 2024

Time is both a content and a container, the flow and the framework of flow. It contains time to better let it go. Faced with death, the order of linear time explodes under the onslaught of the emotions that overwhelm us. The guts of time explode. With imminent death, the dramatic nature of time appears in a furious way: time pushes us, sword in our back, towards the precipice, it nibbles away our capital of life every day. The blackout is coming soon. What to do to live the moment yet to be lived? Above all: take care of time. My ambition is what I call here “care of time”. Take care of time before taking care of body and soul. Wait for time to better live what remains to be lived.
Reflexões sobre o caráter ambivalente da judicialização na saúde: Desafio para garantia da integralidade e equidade no SUS
Authors: Diniz Berenice Freitas , Carvalho Liliane Preisser de Persilva e
Published: September 2024

In Brazil, the right to health became universal and comprehensive, as per the constitutional provision. However, the judicial route began to be used to guarantee access to health treatments in response to the population's needs, without the use of much technical rigor. Objective: to review the literature on the positive and negative points found in the Judicialization of health. Methodology: a survey was carried out in the Virtual Health Library Database, with studies between 2010 and 2021. 59 articles were found, applying the inclusion criteria for this study, we selected 39 for analysis. After in-depth reading of the articles, themes organized into the following categories were chosen: medicines and treatments standardized by the SUS; medicines and treatments not standardized by the SUS; and interference from pharmaceutical industries and interinstitutional dialogues. Results: Most articles identified positive and negative points of the Judicialization of health or mentioned the existence of the contradiction regarding this subject. The studies showed that part of the Judicialization results from failures in the management itself. Therefore, a conflict can be seen in the dichotomy between the right to health effectively guaranteed and the structure and capacity of the system to achieve it. Conclusion: The entities involved in the Judicialization of health must dialogue with each other, in order to understand the phenomenon and face the challenges. It is necessary to recognize legal demands as a provocative source for improving SUS management, always aiming to provide better service to users, thus promoting equity and efficiency in spending public money.
Submission: 03/28/24| Review: 08/30/24| Approval: 08/30/24
Amplifying Player Experience to Facilitate Prosocial Outcomes in a Narrative-Based Serious Game
Authors: Wei Lewen , Schmierbach Mike , Liu Bingjie , Kang Jin , Chen Cheng , Dardis Frank E. , Tan Ryan , Cohen Olivia
Published: September 2024

The rise and development of serious games have shown promise in addressing critical social issues, including school bullying. However, prior work often compares game-based interventions with the conventional non-game approach, failing to generate insights about which game features should be emphasized to create more effective games. To bridge this research gap, in light of video games’ advantages for creating immersive experiences that benefit persuasion, we created a narrative-based serious game addressing school bullying and conducted two studies (Study 1, N = 130; Study 2, N = 250) to explore the persuasive effects of two game features, respectively player–avatar similarity and in-game control, on player experience (including player–avatar identification, narrative engagement, and empathy) and prosocial intention. We found mixed results subject to player perspective such that only when players took the bully’s perspective did one of the game features—in-game control—successfully create the intended empathy via amplified narrative engagement toward the desirable prosocial intention.
Rethinking the “Conspiracy Crisis”: Use and Misuse of “Conspiracy Theory” Labels After Covid‐19
Authors: Perini Matteo , Van Schie Hein T.
Published: September 2024

Against the backdrop of the Covid-19 pandemic, this article undertakes a critical evaluation of a series of shortcomings of the view of conspiracy theories that is predominant among scholars and the general public. Reviewing numerous studies on the topic, we critically assess: (a) how justified the claim is that we are in a conspiracy-thinking emergency, (b) how the label of conspiracy theorist can be used strategically to delegitimize heterodox views, and (c) the practical consequences, for academic research and the well-functioning of democracies, of unpopular ideas being labeled as conspiratorial. The empirical sources reviewed here suggest that beliefs in conspiracy theories have not increased over time and are less consequential than commonly believed, even in times of a global pandemic. Instead, the concept of conspiracy theory has become more prevalent and its derogatory connotation evokes a stigma that tilts the playing field against dissenting viewpoints. The stigmatization and political leveraging of this notion, we argue, lead to biases not only in the public discussion on various sensitive topics but also in the academic literature on conspiracy theories themselves. We analyze these academic blind spots in light of the diminishing political diversity in academia and recent perspectives on soft censorship. We propose to complement the research on conspiracy theorists with an analysis of individuals at the opposite end of the spectrum, who are inclined to uncritically trust institutional authorities and are prejudiced against heterodox opinions. Proposed solutions include promoting balanced news coverage, fostering critical thinking through debates, and piercing information bubbles to provide access to diverse perspectives.
MATHEMATICAL APPLICATIONS OF GLOBAL WARMING IN SAUDI ARABIA
Authors: Alanazi Shujaa Mashan , Alanazi Fawaz Mashan
Published: September 2024

This study attempts to thoroughly analyze and address the complicated issue of global warming. The questionnaire was distributed to the target group through an online platform, and responses were collected for subsequent analysis. The study utilized statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 20 to perform data analysis. Each multiple linear regression (MLR) model was analyzed separately, allowing for a detailed examination of the relationships between predictor variables and the outcome variable. The stepwise regression method for all applications reveals that three controlled variables chosen using SPSS 20 are , and . (tropical cyclones), (explosions in general) and (transportation by vehicle) were the actual causes of global warming.
Features of Anxiety of Schoolchildren in Relation to Psychological Safety of the Educational Environment
Authors: Ivanova A.O. , Stepanova O.S.
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between school anxiety and factors of psychological safety of the educational environment. Test subjects: 40 people. Group 1 — 20 boys, average age: 14 years. Group 2 — 20 girls, average age: 14 years. Methods: School Anxiety Diagnostic Method by R. Phillips, ‘Personal Anxiety Scale for students 10—16 years old’ by A. M. Prikhozhan, Questionnaire ‘Psychological Safety of Educational Environment (PSE)’ by G. S. Kozhukhar, V. V. Kovrov, Mann-Whitney U-criterion, correlation analysis using Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: comparative analysis showed that the experience of social stress and self-esteem anxiety are more pronounced in the group of girls. Significant differences were not found in the levels of psychological safety of the educational environment. Correlation analysis demonstrates the relationship of interpersonal, school and self-esteem anxiety with the factors of psychological safety of the educational environment. Conclusions: the level of anxiety is negatively associated with satisfaction with the educational environment, in turn, this leads to an increase in problems and fears in relationships with the teacher, with difficulties in self-expression (in boys). In girls, the level of anxiety is also negatively associated with satisfaction with the educational environment and this is manifested in fear of knowledge testing and social stress. There is a gender-dependent correlation between schoolchildren's anxiety and indicators of psychological safety of the educational environment. In order to overcome the problems associated with the increase in the level of anxiety among schoolchildren, it is necessary to ensure a high level of safety of the educational environment.
Modeling of Growth in Turkeys by Nonlinear Regression Models
Authors: Köksal Babacan Esin , Demir Umut
Published: September 2024

Nonlinear regression models are commonly used in many areas, such as physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering. In these models, the solution of normal equations is more difficult than normal equations of linear regression models. Iterative algorithms are used to solve these equations. It is highly important to choose an appropriate initial value while using these algorithms. The values obtained during the study or from previous studies can be used as an initial value. With an inappropriately chosen initial value, the number of iterations will increase, and convergence may also not occur. In this study, the nonlinear Gompertz, Richards, and Weibull models of turkey growth were considered by taking the data on female turkey weight, and it was investigated which of these models was the most appropriate model for turkey growth using the R program
Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Klebsormidium subtile and Evaluation of their Antimicrobial, Anti-Quorum Sensing, and Antibiofilm Activities
Authors: Açıkgöz Erkaya İlkay , Yalçın Dilek , Erdem Belgin
Published: September 2024

In this study, both dry and fresh biomass extracts of Klebsormidium subtile were used for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The UV-visible spectrum showed an absorption peak at 430 nm, indicating the presence of AgNPs through surface plasmon resonance. FT-IR analysis identified bioactive functional groups, such as amines, which acted as stabilizing agents for the nanoparticles. SEM imaging revealed well-dispersed, spherical AgNPs ranging from 5 to 25 nm and 40 to 60 nm in size, accumulating on cell surfaces. EDS analysis confirmed the presence of elemental silver. The antimicrobial activity of AgNPs derived from both fresh and dry K. subtile extracts was similar, though AgNPs from the dry extract were more effective against Staphylococcus aureus, with inhibition zones of 15.8, 16.2, and 15.2 mm at 1 mM, 2 mM, and 3 mM concentrations, respectively. AgNPs also showed strong activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, but were less effective against Bacillus cereus and Aeromonas hydrophila. These findings suggest that K. subtile-derived AgNPs have significant antimicrobial potential, particularly against S. aureus and C. albicans, and may be useful in biomedical applications, particularly for treating biofilm-related infections.
mploying Virial Coefficients for Optimal Solutions in Variational Calculations
Authors: Sezer Mahmut Özgür
Published: September 2024

In this study, virial coefficients for one and two-electron hydrogen and helium-like quantum dot structures confined in an infinite potential well were calculated. The virial coefficients were determined based on the dot radius using the Quantum Genetic Algorithm (QGA) method. Calculations were performed using Fernandez's expression; however, due to calculation errors in confined systems, this equivalent expression was found unsuitable as a direct stopping criterion. Instead, virial coefficients were calculated using the ⟨T⟩/⟨V⟩ relationship, and the results were plotted. The fitting function obtained for the virial coefficients is proposed as an effective cutoff criterion for electronic structure calculations of quantum dot systems.
Lower leg shortening technique in treatment of the wounded with gunshot tibial fractures
Authors: Artemev Alexander A. , Kerimov Artur A. , Nelin Maxim N. , Grigoryev Maxim A. , Solovev Jurij S. , Sysoev Igor A.
Published: September 2024

Background. The severity of gunshot wounds to the extremities is due to the formation of bone and soft tissue defects. The relevance of this publication is determined by the need to introduce simple and effective methods into the practice of providing assistance to the wounded. The technique under consideration fully satisfies these requirements.
The aims of the study: 1) to optimize the lower leg shortening technique and analyze the short-term results of its application in treatment of the wounded with gunshot tibial fractures; 2) to assess the indications for surgical restoration of the lower leg length after its shortening.
Methods. The study enrolled 45 wounded patients with gunshot fractures of the lower leg bones. Reconstructive interventions were performed on 51 segments. In the absence of purulent-necrotic lesions of the fragments ends, closed reduction and convergence to tight contact without resection were performed (13 cases, group I). In the case of necrosis of the fragments ends, resection and convergence were performed with significant shortening of the segment (38 cases, group II).
Results. The amount of shortening accounted for 4 cm [3; 6] in group I and 8 cm [7; 10] in group II (p0.001). Due to the convergence of the fragments, the reduction of the soft tissue defect was 25 cm2 [11; 41] and 38 cm2 [20; 81] in group I and II respectively. In 2 (15.4%) patients in group I and 4 (10.5%) patients in group II no fusion occurred. In the remaining cases the fusion occurred, the consolidation period was 50 [45; 59] weeks in group I and 36.5 [29; 43] weeks in group II (p0.001).
Conclusions. Depending on the condition of fragments ends, there are two possible options of the shortening technique: without resection and with resection of the fragments ends. Shortening without resection is possible in the absence of signs of fragment necrosis. The disadvantage is the risk of delayed fusion, the advantage is the ability to avoid traumatic intervention in the form of resection of the fragments ends. In case of the fragments ends necrosis, their transverse resection and convergence with the elimination of diastasis between them is necessary. The advantage of this shortening technique is the optimization of conditions and reduction of fusion time, the disadvantage is the formation of significant bone defects. The need for lengthening of the shortened segment does not always arise. Lengthening as a second stage after conducting rehabilitation is considered as an optimal choice.
Changes in the lipid balance in the gastric mucosa in rats under acute stress
Authors: Tarasova Tatyana V. , Mosina Larisa M. , Tarasov Roman S. , Esina Marina V. , Khaydar Dalila A. , Kuchuk Andrey V. , Khodzhaeva Ekaterina A.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Stress gastric ulcers are a type of peptic ulcer that develops in response to severe physiological or psychological stress. The causes of stress ulcers in the gaster have not yet been fully studied.
AIM: To evaluate the composition of lipids in the gastric mucosa in rats under acute stress.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: All rats included in the study (n=30) were divided into two groups. Group 1 (main group, n=20) included animals with a model of stress gastric ulcer created by stimulation with electrical impulses for 12 h. Group 2 (control group, n=10) included animals with no manipulations. At the end of the experiment, the effective and total concentration in blood serum of all animals was measured, followed by the calculation of the albumin binding reserve, and the plasma toxicity index. We also visually assessed the degree of damage to the gastric mucosa and determined the lipid composition.
RESULTS: Our study showed that a stressful situation led to endogenous intoxication in group 1. A decrease in the level of phosphatidylcholine by 16.3% and phosphatidylserine by 18.6% in stressed rats demonstrates the destruction of the cell membrane associated with apoptosis, which macroscopically manifested as spot hemorrhages, erosions, and ulcers in the gastric mucosa. An increase in monoacylglycerol by 34.4% and diacylglycerol by 53.4% in group 1 indicates an increase in membrane permeability and induction of regenerative processes.
CONCLUSION: In a stressful situation, a decrease in both total and effective albumin concentrations contributes to endogenous intoxication, leading to lipid imbalance, cell membrane damage, and the development of acute gastric mucosal injury.
Functional features of smooth muscle cells of the human aortic wall and their role in the pathogenesis of aneurysms
Authors: Khovantseva Ulyana S. , Kiseleva Diana G. , Cherednichenko Vadim R. , Fotin Denis P. , Bogatyreva Anastasia I. , Boyarskaya Nadezhda V. , Chakal Deyyara A. , Breshenkov Denis G. , Markina Yuliya V. , Malashicheva Anna B. , Charchyan Eduard R. , Markin Alexander M.
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND: Thoracic aortic aneurysm is a chronic disease characterized by localized dilation of the vessel, including the ascending, arch and descending parts of the aorta. Aneurysm is one of the most dangerous diseases because aortic dissection or rupture can lead to sudden death. More than 150,000 people worldwide die from aortic aneurysms every year. Despite its prevalence, the cellular mechanisms of its development remain not fully understood.
AIM: To evaluate phagocytic activity and proinflammatory activation capability of smooth muscle cells isolated from tunica intima and tunica media of the thoracic part of the human aorta in patients with aneurysm.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiments were performed on a culture of primary smooth muscle cells isolated from aneurysm patients. Linear cultures (mesenchymal stem cells ASC52telo, fibroblasts 977hTERT, THP-1, CLTH-CL05008 and EA.hy926) and smooth muscle cells isolated from healthy donors were used as controls. Phagocytic activity was assessed by introducing latex beads to the studied cells, while the ability to internalize low-density lipoprotein was evaluated using the dye BDP 630/650 (Lumiprobe, Russia) and a biochemical method. Pro- and anti-inflammatory activation capability were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantifying the secretion of cytokines, namely IL-8, IL-6 and IL-10.
RESULTS: The study showed that the smooth cells have high phagocytic activity and the ability to internalize low-density lipoprotein. Thus, primary smooth muscle cells from tunica media have greater phagocytic activity than smooth muscle cells obtained from healthy donors (p 0.001). In addition, IL-6 secretion after incubation with latex beads was significantly higher in smooth muscle cells from tunica media compared to those from healthy donors (p 0.001). IL-6 secretion also increased after incubation with low-density lipoprotein in smooth muscle cells from tunica intima compared to cells from healthy donors (p 0.001).
CONCLUSION: The absorption of latex beads and low-density lipoprotein stimulates the secretion of proinflammatory IL-6 by primary smooth muscle cells from tunica intima and smooth muscle cells from tunica media, which are part of the aortic wall of patients with aneurysm.
Scientific heritage of Ippolit Vasilievich Davydovsky: issues of gerontology in the light of general pathology
Authors: Mnikhovich Maxim V. , Akhsanova Polina A. , Shiripenko Ivan A. , Vetlitsyna Svetlana V. , Bezuglova Tatiana V. , Lozina Milena V. , Sidorova Olga A. , Gromova Anastasia V. , Nuzhdina Valeriya A.
Published: September 2024

Ippolit Vasilyevich Davydovsky is an outstanding pathologist, academician of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, and professor who made a tremendous contribution to the foundations of modern pathological anatomy. Among his various scientific interests, he notably focused on the study of gerontology. This topic is quite relevant today since gerontology is beginning to become a separate medical specialty in medicine. The authors analyze the aspects disclosed in Davydovsky’s monograph “Gerontology,” as well as the ideas presented in other works on the issues described above. An overview of the main theories and provisions proposed by I.V. Davydovsky throughout his scientific career is presented. The importance of a comprehensive study of gerontology, which is inextricably linked with other branches of medicine, is emphasized. The natural philosophical understanding of the aging process is considered. The problem of atherosclerosis in geriatrics is described separately. Beyond his contributions to gerontology, the article highlights other foundational works by Davydovsky, including a textbook on general human pathology that underscores the inseparability of pathomorphology and pathophysiology as components of one discipline. His monograph on organopathology provides a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of human diseases.
Thus, the scientist sought to dialogue with clinicians in his published works, thereby advancing the clinical-anatomical approach. The view of the community of pathologists on the scientific activity of I.V. Davydovsky, one of the most distinguished representatives of the field, is also interesting.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENDAPATAN PETANI PADI SAWAH DI DESA SEI SERIMAH KECAMATAN BANDAR KHALIFAH KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI
Authors: Nainggolan Juniati , Harahap Gustami
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan petani padi sawah di Desa Gelam Sei Serimah, Kecamatan Bandar Khalifah, Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendapatan rata-ratapetani padi sawah di desa tersebut adalah Rp27.264.417/MT dengan luas lahan ratarata 0,73 hektar. Faktor yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadappendapatan petani padi sawah adalah benih (X2), sedangkan luas lahan (X1), tenaga kerja (X5), pestisida (X4), dan pupuk (X3) tidak berpengaruh signifikan.
LongT5Rank: A Novel Integrated Hybrid Approach for Text Summarisation
Authors: Lau Agatha Jin Jin , Tan Chi Wee
Published: September 2024

Text summarisation reduces text length while retaining important information, helping individuals, especially students, in managing information overload during research or assignments. However, existing text summarisation methods often lose important details, generate irrelevant or redundant sentences, or produce incoherent summaries. This study introduces a hybrid approach, LongT5Rank (coined in this study), which combines TextRank, an extractive summarisation algorithm, with LongT5, an abstractive summarisation algorithm, to automate the summarisation process. TextRank utilizes GloVe, a pre-trained word embedding model, and PageRank, a graph-based ranking algorithm, to select representative sentences. LongT5, an encoder-decoder transformer model, condenses extracted sentences into a concise and coherent summary, handling input sequences up to 16,384 tokens, for long-range sequence-to-sequence tasks. The LongT5Rank approach has shown significant achievements, including a minimum 60% compression rate, a minimum 0.6 semantic textual similarity score, and an improved F-measure compared to employing TextRank alone. Furthermore, it received positive feedback from Human Level Performance (HLP), underlining the importance of evaluating results directly from human users. This emphasizes the belief that the performance of the proposed solution should be assessed natively by humans. By combining both extractive and abstractive methods, LongT5Rank excels in generating accurate and coherent summaries.
Exploring Customer Segmentation in E-Commerce using RFM Analysis with Clustering Techniques
Authors: Wong Chun-Gee , Tong Gee-Kok , Haw Su-Cheng
Published: September 2024

The proliferation of big data and the growth of e-commerce have intensified the challenges associated with extracting actionable data for personalised recommendations and decision-making. With data-driven marketing strategies, understanding and predicting customer behaviour has become paramount for maintaining competitive advantage. This study leverages business analytics tools, focusing on Recency, Frequency, and Monetary (RFM) Analysis, alongside K-Means and Hierarchical (Agglomerative) Clustering algorithms, to segment customer transactional data. Data normalisation, a critical step for accurate clustering, was performed using log transformation and the Power Transformer technique with the Yeo-Johnson parameter, the latter proving more effective for handling both positively and negatively skewed data, enhancing data normalisation and suitability for analysis. This study reveals that RFM Analysis with Hierarchical Clustering outperforms K-Means Clustering, achieving a Silhouette Score of 0.47 and a Calinski–Harabasz Index of 3787.1, indicating a more accurate identification of customer segments. RFM Analysis alone generated eight clusters, while integrating RFM Analysis with both Hierarchical Clustering and K-Means generated three similar-sized clusters with interchanged labels. These metrics highlight the proficiency of Hierarchical Clustering in identifying unique customer segments and customising marketing strategies. The findings indicate that the RFM-Hierarchical Clustering approach enhances segmentation precision and facilitates more refined and effective marketing strategies.
How Can Journalists Strengthen Their Fight Against Misinformation in a Changing Media Landscape?
Authors: Tulin Marina , Hameleers Michael , Talvitie Christofer , De Vreese Claes
Published: September 2024

This paper reflects on challenges and opportunities for journalistic practices in the fight against misinformation in light of recent changes in the online media landscape. On the one hand, recent innovations in technology and social media facilitate a rapid spread of disinformation placing increased pressure on journalists to fight falsehoods and (re)build trust in reliable information. On the other hand, journalists might be positively affected by the EU’s recent introduction of the Digital Services Act (DSA), which aims to regulate online platforms and facilitate the fight against mis- and disinformation.
We focus on fact-checking because it is among the most powerful journalistic tools against misinformation and a practice that is directly affected by the DSA. We discuss five concrete challenges and provide evidencebased suggestions backed by practice examples that may be applied by journalists who seek to advance the efficacy of their fact-checking efforts on social media.
The Audiovisual Archive in an Era of Disinformation and Misinformation
Authors: Pietsch Jacqueline
Published: September 2024

Audiovisual archives should reflect on their mission and goals in an era of overwhelming computer power. Will they be able to make good use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to unlock archived materials? Should they and can they be an ally in combating misinformation and disinformation? As part of a larger project on data literacy for journalists and other media and creative industries professionals, archivists were questioned about the challenges facing audiovisual archives today. Rather than focus on the specific missions of either national or broadcaster’s archives, they focus on how the archive has an important role when it comes to the politics of representation in public debate and civil life. In convivial conversation they speak from their experience at the French National Audiovisual Institute INA, The Netherlands Institute for Sound & Vision, the EBU Academy, the Spanish RTVE archive and WITNESS, a human rights non-profit organisation based the United States that supports activists in archiving and preserving their video.
The Datafication Challenge. Introduction to Themed Issue
Authors: Hermes Joke , Conemans Julia , Somers Miles Rachel , Piwowar Kuba
Published: September 2024

This issue of VIEW will take a closer look at the challenges jo urnalists and multimedia makers face in a datafied world and how they might be trained to deal with them.
Aboveground biomass estimation models for Tectona grandis Linn f. plantation in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Authors: Chukwu Onyekachi , Nwene Ruth Onyekachi , Emebo Anabel Anwulika , Silas Abigail Emunu
Published: September 2024

Tree biomass is considered a useful indicator of structural and functional attributes of forest ecosystems across a wide range of environmental conditions. The aboveground biomass refers to the living vegetation above the soil, including stem, stump, branches, bark, seeds, and foliage. Teak (Tectona grandis Linn f.) is a popular exotic tree species in Nigeria; it is widely grown in both large scale and small community woodlots. The objective of this study was to develop models for estimation of biomass content of Teak plantation in Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria for sustainable management. Data on the diameter at breast height (D) and total height (H) of all teak stands in the plantation were recorded. Non-destructive method using an existing equation was used to estimate the aboveground biomass (AGB) of the individual stands from stump diameter. The Data was subjected to descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation analysis and fitted to six (6) linear regression functions. A total of 295 trees were measured with mean AGB of 18.61 kg. Out of the AGB prediction models developed for the study area, the Semi Log 3 (B5) model had the best predictive ability; with the highest adjusted coefficient of determination (0.984) and the lowest standard error of estimate (0.308), and Akaike information criterion (-690.974). Model B5 (B=0.764+0.764D-0.105lnH) is therefore recommended for future inventory and management of the plantation.
Unexpected expansion: Climate change-induced movement of the Cream-colored Courser (Cursorius cursor) into Central Anatolia
Authors: Evcin Özkan
Published: September 2024

Climate change is one of the major threats that negatively affects wildlife species and habitats. In recent years, global temperatures have increased, extreme climate events have become more frequent, and many bird species have experienced changes in their geographic ranges, behaviors, and life cycles in response to these environmental changes. The Cream-colored Courser (Cursorius cursor), a ground-nesting desert bird from the Glareolidae family, is a bird species that has begun to show changes in its distribution and phenology due to climate change. Normally living in arid environments in the Eastern Palearctic, this species has recently started to be observed in new areas far from its normal range, including Central Anatolia in Türkiye. In recent years, the unexpected appearance and nesting of this species in Tuz Lake, now located in central Türkiye, has raised concerns among conservationists and highlighted the species' vulnerability to climate change. This study aims to model the potential future distribution of the Cream-Coated Courser in Türkiye under two climate change scenarios (SSP 4.5 and SSP 8.5) over three time periods: 2021-2040, 2041-2060 and 2061-2080. Using MaxEnt modeling and climate change projections, the study will identify and interpret the key climatic factors driving these changes in distribution. Our findings will provide critical insights into the future range dynamics of the species and inform conservation strategies to reduce the impacts of climate change on this and other vulnerable bird species.
Impact of early versus late tracheostomy on success or failure of ventilator weaning
Authors: Quirino Alberto M. , Arrambi-Diaz Cibeles , Ramirez Jesus C. , Lugo Juan A. , Morales Jesus A. , Lopez Rocio M.
Published: September 2024

Background: Determine impact of early versus late tracheostomy on success or failure of ventilator weaning. This study is a cross-sectional, observational, descriptive, and analytical study. 
Method: Patients, clinical records of patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) in our hospital, weaned from invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) after early versus late tracheostomy. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis with Chi square (p<0.05), using SPSSv25.0 software. Time required after tracheostomy for ventilator weaning.
Results: Positive significant association between ventilator weaning failure and prolonged difficult weaning process, indicate the importance of these factors in tracheostomy patients.
Conclusions: According to this study, early tracheostomy reduces weaning failure and risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Serum ferritin observations in beta thalassemia major patients with dermatological manifestation
Authors: Chakrabarty Tonusree , Khatun Ayesha , Saha Subarna , Urmi Aklima A. , Hossain Fatema , Bhattacharjee Pranab , S. Gupta Amit , Saha Susmita
Published: September 2024

Background: Beta thalassemia major is a severe inherited blood disorder requiring regular blood transfusions, leading to chronic iron overload. This study aims to analyze serum ferritin levels and their association with dermatological manifestations in patients with beta thalassemia major in Bangladesh.
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, from March 2019 to August 2021. A purposive sample of 60 beta thalassemia major patients was selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collection included detailed medical histories, dermatological examinations, and laboratory investigations for serum ferritin levels. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS)-27.
Results: Among the participants, 26.67% were aged 10 years or younger, and 46.67% were aged 11-20 years. The gender distribution was 43.33% male and 56.67% female. The mean hemoglobin level was 6.17±0.95 g/dl, with 75.00% of participants exhibiting extremely high serum ferritin levels (>1000 ng/ml). Dermatological manifestations included hyperpigmentation (50.00%), xerosis (46.67%), and pallor (26.67%). Significant associations were found between high serum ferritin levels and conditions such as hyperpigmentation (p=0.028) and xerosis (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The study underscores the critical need for regular monitoring and effective management of serum ferritin levels to mitigate dermatological and systemic complications in beta thalassemia major patients. Effective chelation therapy is essential to reduce the iron burden and improve patient outcomes.
Accuracy of delta high-sensitivity troponin I in diagnosing the severity of coronary artery disease with the SYNTAX score as the gold standard
Authors: Rahman Arifur , Latif Sayem Bin , Ali Mohammad Liaquat , Nasrin Sahela , Rahman Hasanur , Islam Azharul , Hasan Mahbub , Ali Isha Abdullah , Adnan Tanvir , Rahman Shamimur
Published: September 2024

Background: The SYNTAX score is a comprehensive angiographic tool that quantifies the complexity and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) based on the number, location, and severity of lesions in the coronary arteries. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of delta high-sensitivity troponin I in diagnosing the severity of coronary artery disease with the SYNTAX score as the gold standard.
Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Ibrahim Cardiac Hospital & Research Institute, Bangladesh from July 2022 to June 2023. A total of 70 patients with significant delta hs-cTnI were divided into two groups: Group-A (n=36) with a delta hs-cTnI rise between >20 to 49%, and Group-B (n=34) with a delta hs-cTnI rise ≥50%. Coronary angiography was conducted, and the SYNTAX Score was calculated for both groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0.
Results:32.4% of patients with a high-rise of delta cTnI (≥50%) had a SYNTAX score >22, compared to none of the patients with a low-rise of cTnI 20-49% (p<0.001). The delta hs-cTnI showed a significantly moderate linear correlation with the SYNTAX score (p=0.001). The optimal cut-off value for high sensitivity, with minimal compromise in specificity, was 89.0, with an area under the curve of 0.847 (p<0.001), indicating that nearly 85% of severe CAD could be accurately diagnosed with a delta hs-cTnI value of 90.0 or higher in NSTEMI patients.
Conclusion: The study findings suggest that a delta hs-cTnI value of 90.0 or higher in NSTEMI patients can accurately diagnose nearly 85% of severe CAD.
Short-term outcome of patients with elevated serum cardiac troponin I following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Bhattacharjee Pranab , Ahmed Istiaq , Hossain Kabir A. S. M. , Chakrabarty Tonusree , Gupta Amit Sen , Sumaia Bin-te Shawkat M. , Saha Susmita , Anwar Mashfiq
Published: September 2024

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a global issue at present. It is one of the leading causes of death and disability in men and women in the USA, Western Europe and many other countries. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the gold standard for revascularization in coronary artery disease. This study aimed to observe the short-term outcome of patients with elevated serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
Methods: This was a prospective observational study and was carried out at the Department of Cardiac Surgery of the National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from July 2020 to October 2021. In this study, we included 80 patients admitted for elective CABG at National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute.
Results: Among all patients, 11.3% patients had acute MI, followed by respiratory complication (11.3%), arrythmia (10%), wound infection (6.3%), neurological complication (5%), renal complication (1.3%) and only 2.5% patients died. The mean±SD troponin I in 1st, 2nd and 3rd post operative days of the patients was 10.80±13.39, 7.99±10.39 and 4.73±6.98 respectively. The area under the recipient operational characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.931 with 95% CI were between 0.863 and 0.999, which was statistically highly significant (<0.001). There is no significant association of cTnI with respiratory, renal, neurological complications and wound infection.
Conclusions: Our findings showed that there was a significant association between raised cTnI concentrations after OPCAB surgery and adverse events in the early postoperative period.
A study to assess the knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among the high school girls in a selected high school, Siliguri, West Bengal
Authors: Sarkar Seema , Sharma Sarda , Dutta Barsha , Roy Jayshree , Mahanta Poulami , Das Prity , Karmakar Priyanka , Barman Risha , Das Samiksha , Barman Sayantika , Dutta Shreya , Ghosh Soumili , Patowary Sudipta , Sarkar Suparna , Basak Susmita , Dey Tanushree
Published: September 2024

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common reproductive and endocrine disorder found in 6-10% of the female population. The global prevalence of PCOS is estimated between 4% and 20%. The world Health Organization data suggest that approximately 116million women (3.45%) are affected by PCOS globally. The age standardized incidence rate of PCOS in women of reproductive age was 82.44 per 100000 in 2017, 1.45% higher than in 2007.
Methods: There are many research designs, but among them we have chosen non-experimental research design for this study. Sample of this research study was 105 high school students of Little Angels’ Senior Secondary School, Siliguri through consecutive sampling technique. The instrument used to assess level of knowledge among high school girls was self-structured questionnaire.
Results: Findings revealed that among high school girls 7.62% had poor knowledge, 26.67% had average knowledge, 64.76% had good knowledge and 0.95% had excellent knowledge about polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Conclusions: The study concluded that the selected variables namely age, religion, educational class, exercise has significant impact on the knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among high school girls. The study can be replicated with a larger sample to the findings can be generalized to a larger population.