bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cu@PtRu Core-shell Nanostructured Electrocatalysts Anchored on Reduced Graphene Oxide Towards Methanol Oxidation
Authors: Gomes Walber dos Santos , Noce Rodrigo Della , De Matos Tamires de Sousa , Andrade Flávio Vargas , De Molfetta Fábio Alberto , Iúdice de Souza José Pio
Published: June 2023

This work reports the influence of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) support on the catalytic performance of Cu@PtRu/rGO catalysts towards methanol oxidation in acidic medium. These core-shell catalysts are synthesized by the reduction method in two steps being the first using ethylene glycol to obtain Cu/rGO and the second, the reduction of copper atoms synthesized in the previous step to produce Cu@PtRu/rGO. In order to compare the catalytic performance of the prepared catalysts, Pt/C, PtRu/C, Cu@PtRu/C catalysts are also synthesized on Vulcan XC-72R carbon. The theoretical loading of Pt used in the Vulcan XC-72R carbon supported catalysts is equal to that utilized in Cu@PtRu/rGO, and higher in the other prepared catalysts. The surface composition of the nanoparticles, as well as their sizes, particle size distribution and morphology of the catalyst particles are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronoamperometry (CA) are employed to measure the electrochemical performance of the prepared catalysts. The anodic scans show that for the region of technological interest (0.1 to 0.4 V), the Cu@PtRu/rGO-16 electrocatalyst exhibits higher current density value than the others as a result of its lower starting oxidation potential (0.250V against 0.437V for Pt/C) and its higher ratio between forward (iF) and reverse (iR) current densities (iF/iR 1.45 against 0.93 for Pt/C). Chronoamperometric tests depict that the current density value of Cu@PtRu/rGO-16 catalyst is about 4 times higher than that of Cu@PtRu/C-16 and Cu@PtRu/C-18 catalysts, ca. 4.8 times higher than that of PtRu/C-30 catalyst and around 6 times higher than that of Pt/C-30. These results suggest that Cu@PtRu/rGO-16 exhibits high bulk activity for the electrooxidation of methanol, high stability and high tolerance to CO poisoning, making it possible to reduce the platinum loading in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs).
Effects of Vasopressin Receptor Agonists During the Resuscitation of Hemorrhagic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical and Clinical Studies
Authors: Laou Eleni , Papagiannakis Nikolaos , Papadopoulou Androniki , Choratta Theodora , Sakellakis Minas , Ippolito Mariachiara , Pantazopoulos Ioannis , Cortegiani Andrea , Chalkias Athanasios
Published: June 2023

Background: The clinical impact of vasopressin in hemorrhagic shock remains largely unknown. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to investigate the effects of vasopressin receptor agonists during the resuscitation of hemorrhagic shock. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, and PubMed Central was conducted for relevant articles. Preclinical (animal) and clinical studies were included. The primary objective was to investigate the correlation of vasopressin receptor agonist use with mortality and various hemodynamic parameters. Results: Data extraction was possible in 13 animal studies and two clinical studies. Differences in risk of mortality between patients who received a vasopressin receptor agonist were not statistically significant when compared to those who were not treated with such agents [RR (95%CI): 1.17 (0.67, 2.08); p=0.562; I2 = 50%]. The available data were insufficient to conduct a meta-analysis assessing the effect of vasopressin receptor agonists on hemodynamics. Drawing safe conclusions from animal studies was challenging, due to significant heterogeneity in terms of species and dosage of vasopressin receptor agonists across studies. Conclusions: Differences in risk of mortality between patients who received a vasopressin receptor agonist were not statistically significant when compared to those who were not treated with such agents after hemorrhagic shock.
A Review of the Popular Uses, Anatomical and Biological Aspects of Kalanchoe (Crassulaceae): A Genus of Plants Known as "Miracle Leaf"
Authors: Assis de Andrade Evelyn , Machinski Isadora , Terso Ventura Ana Carolina , Barr Sarah Ainslie , Pereira Airton Vicente , Beltrame Flávio Luís , Strangman Wendy , Williamson R Thomas
Published: June 2023

Species of the genus Kalanchoe have a long history of therapeutic use in ethnomedicine linked to their remarkable healing properties. Several species have chemical and anatomical similarities, often leading to confusion when they are used in folk medicine. This review aims to provide an overview and discussion of the reported traditional uses, botanical aspects, chemical constituents, and pharmacological potential of the Kalanchoe species. Published scientific materials were collected from the PubMed and SciFinder databases without restriction regarding the year of publication through April 2023. Ethnopharmacological knowledge suggests that these species have been used to treat infections, inflammation, injuries, and other disorders. Typically, all parts of the plant are used for medicinal purposes either as crude extract or juice. Botanical evaluation can clarify species differentiation and can enable correct identification and validation of the scientific data. Flavonoids are the most common classes of secondary metabolites identified from Kalanchoe species and can be correlated with some biological studies (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial potential). This review summarizes several topics related to the Kalanchoe genus, supporting future studies regarding other unexplored research areas. The need to carry out further studies to confirm the popular uses and biological activities of bioactive compounds is also highlighted.
Genome-Wide Analysis of bHLH Gene Family in Loropetalum chinense var. Rubrum: Identification, Classification, Evolution, and Expression Pattern Diversity on Cultivations
Authors: Liu Yang , Lin Ling , Liu Yang , Mo Qiong , Zhang Damao , Li Weidong , Xiong Xingyao , Yu Xiaoying , Li Yanlin
Published: June 2023

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor family is the second-largest transcription factor in plants. Members of this family are involved in the process of growth and development, secondary metabolic biosynthesis, signal transduction, and plant resistance. Loropetalum chinense var. rubrum is a critical woody plant with higher ornamental and economic values, which used as ornamental architecture and traditional Chinese herbal medicine plant. However, the bHLH transcription factor in the L. chinense var. rubrum (Loropetalum chinense var. Rubrum) have yet to be systematically demonstrated, and their role in anthocyanin biosynthesis remains secret. Here, we identified 165 potential LcbHLHs genes by two methods, and they were unequally distributed on chromosomes 1 to 12 of the L. chinense genome. Based on a phylogenetic comparison with proteins from Arabidopsis, these bHLH proteins were categorized into 21 subfamilies. Most LcbHLHs in a given subfamily had similar gene structures and conserved motifs. The gene ontology annotation and cis-elements predicted that the LcbHLHs had many molecular functions and were involved in plant growth processes, including flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthetic processes, etc. Transcriptomic analysis revealed different expression patterns among different tissues and cultivars in L. chinense. Many LcbHLHs were expressed in leaves, and only a few genes were highly expressed in flowers. Six LcbHLH genes differentially expressed between species and periods in color variation, which may play a key role in anthocyanin synthesis. These further functional predictions of LcbHLHs were established by quantitative real-time PCR analysis and protein-protein interaction network. This study identified the six potential bHLH genes related to anthocyanin in L. chinense and created a solid framework for future research on the function and evolution of bHLHs.
Mathematical Modeling of Gas-Solid Two-Phase Flows: Problems, Achievements and Perspectives (A Review)
Authors: Varaksin Aleksey Yu. , Ryzhkov Sergei V.
Published: June 2023

Mathematical modeling is the most important tool for constructing the theory of different kinds of two-phase flows. The review is devoted to the analysis of the advent of the approach of mathematical modeling of two-phase flows, where solid particles act mainly as the dispersed phase. The main problems and features of the study of gas-solid two-phase flows are excluded. The main characteristics of gas flows with solid particles are given and the classification of two-phase flows is developed on their basis. The Lagrangian and Euler approaches to modeling the motion of a dispersed phase (particles) are described. Much attention is paid to the consideration of numerical simulation methods that describe descriptions of turbulent gas flow at different hierarchical levels (RANS, LES, DNS), different levels of description of interphase interactions (one-way coupling (OWC), two-way coupling (TWC) and four-way coupling (FWC)), as well as at different levels of interface resolution (partial-point (PP) and particle-resolved (PR)). Excluded are examples of some studies carried out on the basis of the identified approaches, as well as their exclusion for mathematical modeling of various classes of gas-solid two-phase flows.
PERLINDUNGAN TERHADAP INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSON NDUGA DI WAMENA, PAPUA BARAT DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM HUMANITER INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Sudarso Thomas
Published: June 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan mengidentifikasi perlindungan hukum yang tersedia dalam situasi konflik bersenjata terutama untuk warga Nduga, Papua Barat di Wamena yang terpaksa lari dari tempat tinggalnya karena ketegangan konflik bersenjata yang terjadi di Papua Barat. Masyarakat tersebut dimasukkan dalam kategori ‘internally displaced persons’ karena melarikan diri ke wilayah yang masih dalam kategori batas negara asalnya. Hukum yang melindungi ‘internally displaced persons’ adalah HAM dan Hukum Nasional, tetapi diberikan pedoman dasar dari Hukum Humaniter Internasional untuk melindunginya. Berdasarkan penelitian, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa Hukum Nasional yang disediakan Negara Indonesia tidak dapat melindungi ‘displaced person’ dan pedoman perlindungan hukum humaniter harus segera diberlakukan demi kemanusiaan dan dapat pula menjadi solusi jangka panjang konflik di Papua Barat.
Remidiasi Menggunakan Model Kooperatif STAD Pada Materi Momentum Dan Impuls Kelas X SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta
Authors: Muzaeni Tri , Fauzi Ahmad , Rahardjo Dwi Teguh
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to: find out that Remediation of Physics learning using the STAD (Student Teams Achievments Divisions) cooperative learning model can improve the cognitive abilities of students of class X MIA 3 on Momentum and Impulse material.This research is a quasi-experimental study using one class. This study uses a one-group pretest-posttest model. The data analysis technique uses quantitative techniques. Quantitative analysis is used to test the proposed hypothesis. The submission of the hypothesis in this study uses the t-test statistic (1 tail) to show an increase in students' cognitive physics abilities after the action.Based on the results of data analysis and discussion obtained from the research, it can be concluded that: Remediation of Physics Learning Using the STAD Cooperative Learning Model can improve the cognitive of class X MIA 3 SMA Al Islam 1 Surakarta on Momentum and Impulse material. Based on the hypothesis test that t count is greater than t table, namely tcount = 9.495> ttable = 1.68830 which indicates that there is an increase in students' physical cognitive abilities. The amount of increase based on the gain index is 0.58 which is included in the medium category.
Development of an Ankle Assistive Robot with Instantly Gait-Adaptive Method
Authors: Xu Ming-Yang , Hua Yi-Fan , Li Yun-Fan , Zhuang Jyun-Rong , Osawa Keisuke , Nakagawa Kei , Lee Hee-Hyol , Yuge Louis , Tanaka Eiichiro
Published: June 2023

As the population ages, the number of elderly people suffering from systemic diseases such as stroke increases. To address this problem, various wearable walking assistive robots have been developed to promote physical exercise for stroke prevention. Wearable assistive robots have shown the ability to improve human mobility. However, most of these robots are heavy, bulky, and impractical. In this study, we developed a compact ankle assistive robot for elderly users to promote walking exercise. By informing the user of correct motion and timing, the robot can guide the user to achieve a healthy gait by only assisting their ankle joint. The robot provides faster-than-ankle motion to allow the user to feel supported while walking. Users can adjust the robot’s assistance parameters through a graphical user interface (GUI) according to their needs. Furthermore, we proposed a gait-adaptive method for ankle assistive robots to adapt to the user’s changing gait. Hence, the robot can automatically adjust the parameters to provide more accurate walking assistance. Finally, the results of an evaluation experiment demonstrated the feasibility of human gait adaptation. The proposed methods have the advantages of low cost and easy implementation.
Parameter Setting and Driver Acceptability Evaluation of Steering Assistance System Using Impedance Control by Damping Ratio
Authors: Hayakawa Soichiro , Ikeura Ryojun
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we introduce an adaptation to steering assistance systems for providing impedance control. We also suggest using the damping ratio as a design guideline for the parameters of the impedance control. In our research, experiments were conducted with experimental participants using a driving simulator implementing the suggested steering assistance system. As a result of both subjective and objective evaluations, it was found that the suggested steering assistance system is better accepted by drivers than the conventional system. Moreover, the use of the damping ratio as an evaluation index facilitates the design of the impedance parameters. These results indicate the effectiveness of our suggested system.
Mathematical model for salient-pole synchronous motor field-coil calculation and optimization
Authors: Khai Mykhailo , Kharchyshyn Bohdan
Published: June 2023

To optimize the parameters of the salient-pole synchronous machine field-coil and achieve specified technical and economic characteristics, an optimization problem with restrictions, which belongs to the class of nonlinear programming problems, was solved. Mathematical model for salient-pole synchronous motor field-coil calculation and optimization, an algorithm and a computer program were created. The mathematical model for calculation and optimization of salient-pole synchronous machine field-coil provides a possibility to design a single-row field-coil winding based on known dimensions under the following restrictions: the minimum distance between the coils of adjacent poles must not be less than the permissible value, the temperature of the coil above the ambient temperature must not be greater than the maximum permissible for the chosen insulation class of the value of the coil, according to the conditions of single-row coils manufacturing, conductor cross-section area should not be greater than the permissible value, and the ratio of the width of the conductor to its height should be within certain limits, the dimensions of the conductor should correspond to standard values. The optimization criterion (objective function) is the copper consumption or cost of the coil, the consumption or cost of pole core steel, power losses in the coil, the total cost of copper and pole steel, the total costs of machine manufacturing and its operation. The choice of the optimization criterion depends on the purpose of the machine and the requirements placed on it. In this problem, each of these criteria is a function of one variable - the height of the field-coil.
Role Of Ulama And Community In Overseeing Developments Tourism In The Pantai Cermin Area Serdang Bedagai District
Authors: Yusuf Tika Riani , Nasution Annaisaburi
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out the role of Islamic scholars and the community in supervising the development of tourism spots in the pantai Cermin area, Serdang Bedagai Regency. In this study, the researcher used a descriptive qualitative method, by obtaining direct data from informants who represented all sources regarding the role of Islamic scholars and the community in supervising tourist attractions in the pantai Cermin area, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The purpose of the researchers chose this research method because it was based on the objectives and research problems. The data collection techniques used in this study were interview techniques and observation techniques. The results of this study are the role of the clergy at the pantai cermin in supervising tourist attractions related to religious norms in pantai Cermin district, Serdang Bedagai Regency.What the clergy did was just to appeal and there were no sanctions or punishments imposed on violators of the norms who visited these tourist spots, especially in the pantai Cermin area, Serdang Bedagai Regency. Likewise with the surrounding community, especially those who live in coastal tourism areas, they lack supervision or urge tourists not to violate religious norms, both in terms of the visiting hours of tourists who come to the beaches on the pantai cermin, Serdang Bedagai.Pantai cermin is the majority of the population who are Muslim and uphold religious values. Therefore, the clergy and the community should mutually maintain order in the beach so as to avoid unwanted incidents. As a source of community empowerment, there are also factors that hinder the community from conducting surveillance on tourist objects in the sub-district of pantai Cermin, namely because there are several beaches that are managed privately where some people who sell at these tourist attractions do not dare to participate in supervising them for fear of not being able to trade. On these beaches such as sustainable Bali beaches, Pondok Indah beaches, etc. Lack of professional public awareness in carrying out supervision. Some people still don't care about supervision.
Library Of Bank Indonesia North Sumatra Representative Office In Conducting Infopreneurship For Easy Access To User Information
Authors: Humaira Intan , Purwaningtyas Franindya
Published: June 2023

Library as a non profit institution does not convert the infopreneurship activities into money. Instead, it distributes information and conducts informations marketing for public services. Infopreneurship at the KPw Indonesia North Sumatra Bank library is carried with the aim of disseminating information and reaching the public. Infopreneurship is done by repackaging information into new forms of information.. The repackaging information are placed at the building of the KPw library of Indonesia sumut and also distributed on the social media page in order to ease the access of information. The method used in this research is qualitative with interview and observation as the methods for data collection. This research lists three sources that are used, they are The librarian, library volunteer and library visitor including the social media’s followers of the KPw Indonesia North Sumatra Bank library. Based on the observation of the library  and its social media page along with the interviews of the three sources, The result found that infopreneurship provides easier access towards the  information for the library visitors without the must to visit the library directly. the presented information are concise, concrete and accurate but still remains exciting to see.
INSTITUTIONAL (REGULATORY AND LEGAL) BASIS FOR COOPERATION BETWEEN UNIVERSITIES AND INDUSTRY (THE CASE OF MONGOLIA)
Authors: Dangaasuren O. , Klimenko V. , Jargalsaikhan B. , Serhiyevich. T.
Published: June 2023

Cooperation between universities and industry in different countries has its own implementation specifics, but the goal of this cooperation is universal – to promote knowledge-based economic development. Industry and universities are connected by innovations and ideas to create new products, universities and the state are connected in the areas of investment, strategic planning and labor demand. Industry and government are linked by creating jobs, shaping taxes, and implementing government policies. Therefore, innovative development involves the creation of an interdependent, mutually beneficial and mutually effective model of cooperation based on the triple helix principle. The article considers the current situation and problems of implementation and coordination of program documents in Mongolia in the field of development of cooperation between the university and industry in the context of the implementation of the triple helix model.
SYSTEM OF DYNAMIC PROVISION OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE
Authors: Bidziura. E.
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the description of the system of dynamic support for the economic security of an industrial enterprise, which includes the following components: assessment of the financial and economic state of an industrial enterprise; analysis of the external environment; monitoring risks and threats to the economic security of an industrial enterprise; risk assessment; development of an anti-crisis action plan; determination of precau-tionary measures to prevent the actualization of economic security risks; assessment of the effectiveness of the measures taken.
TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS: THE CONCEPT AND BACKGROUND OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORY OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Authors: JING. Xu
Published: June 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of theoretical understanding of the development of modern international business. The article discusses the terminological features of the description of the process of transnationalization, in particular, compares the content of the concepts of "transnational corporation", "multinational corporation" and "multinational enterprise". The distinctive features of transnational corporations are highlighted and the author's definition of this term is proposed. The main theories of business transnationalization that have developed in Western economic thought (the theory of internalization, the theory of internationalization, the theory of competitive advantages of M. Porter, the theory of the life cycle of R. Vernon, etc.) are analyzed and the limitations of their application are identified.
THE DILEMMA OF FINANCIAL POLICY IN CHINA
Authors: Luchenok. А.
Published: June 2023

At present, the authorities of the People's Republic of China are faced with a dilemma: either adjust monetary policy pursued by international organizations (IMF and World bank) or continue to support the development of the real sector of the economy using direct financial maintenance. It is shown that in the first case, the PRC will better fit into the global fi-nancial system paying for this with a decrease in GDP growth rates. Under the second op-tion, based on active state support of the real sector with budgetary and banking resources, China's economic growth rates are expected to be higher, but the country will not fully meet the standards of the Western financial system. This will limit the ability to realize the benefits of participating in international financial transactions and will deter the transformation of the yuan into a world currency.
Novel High-Efficient Key Component of Steel Corrosion Inhibitors Formulation for Acidification: Indolizine Derivatives of the Conventional N-Heterocyclic Quaternary Ammonium Salts
Authors: Yang Zhen , Wang Yefei , Finšgar Matjaž , Wu Jiajia , Ding Wengang
Published: June 2023

Acidizing, the widely used technique for well stimulation, requires a great consumption of effective Corrosion Inhibitors (CIs), due to the severe and fast corrosion of metallic equipment caused by strong hot acid as soon as the acidizing fluids are pumping down to reservoir. This paper presents a new concept of indolizine derivative inhibitors with remarkable inhibition effectiveness for steel under acidizing condition, which will reduce the cost and environmental burden of acidizing CIs significantly.

Indolizine derivatives of several quinolinium salts (serves as main component of currently used acidizing CIs) were synthesized respectively through an optimized mild procedure from quinoline and different halides. The inhibition of the new inhibitors for N80 steel were evaluated in hot 15 wt.% HCl by gravimetric and electrochemical analysis, while their corrosion prevention mechanism were studied. Surface adsorption and thermodynamic aspect of inhibition process were also investigated. Synergistic inhibition performances of the indolizine derivatives with surfactant, KI and other additives were examined.

For the synthesis step, a relatively high yield of the crude products were reported. Inhibition assessment results showed that compared with their quinolinium salt precursors, the dimer derivative can dramatically mitigate the corrosion speed and exhibit considerable inhibition efficiencies even at an extremely low dosage. The results obtained from gravimetric tests, electrochemical methods as well as the surface analysis are in good agreement and confirmed the well-behaved anti-corrosion properties of the derivatives. Conclusion from biotoxicity experiments showed that compared with their precursor quinolinium salts, both the indolizine derivatives and the original quinolinium salts share almost the same EC50 values, revealing the advantages in eco-friendly aspect. Mechanism study reveals that the new compounds can be characterized as cationic "mixed type" and the special molecular structure (conjugated aromatic moiety) may contribute a lot to their remarkable inhibition. Besides, the studied dimer derivatives also presents a good solubility and thermo-stability in acid solution. The amazing synergistic inhibition of indolizine derivative obviously shows that the inhibitive mixture could be utilized as new effective CI for acidizing.

The inhibition of conventional quinoline salts CIs would get greatly updated after been converted to their indolizine dimer derivatives. This provides a smart solution for exploring innovative acidizing CI with better protection efficiency. The use of indolizine derivatives may largely minimize the total amount as well as the total expenses of CIs in acidizing fluids and showing good prospects in replacement of the current main components of acidizing CIs in the near future.
Polymer Water Shut-Off Design and Efficiency Evaluation Based on Experimental Studies
Authors: Al-Azmi Ali Abdullah , Abdul-Aziz Wejdan Jassem , Al-Yaqout Thanyan Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Umm Gudair field, West Kuwait onshore field has been on production for more than 60 years. MN-Oolite is an upper cretaceous carbonate reservoir, and it is the main reservoir in Umm Gudair Field. After a lengthy period of production, water production began to constrain and restrict oil production, and as a result, water production drastically raised the total operating costs of the field and overburdened the surface facility. In addition to this excess artificial lift horsepower demand for lifting fluids, corrosion-related concerns and well completion damage are on the rise.

In Um Gudair field, several mechanical and chemical water shut-off procedures were applied. Some of them were quite efficient and commendable in terms of increasing oil potential and decreasing water cut. However, this is not the case for all wells in the field; certain wells did not respond adequately to the mechanical water shutoff, primarily due to the conning effect, and required a different water shutoff strategy. In such situations, limiting water output by lowering the influence of water coning necessitates the use of a chemical polymer to form a chemical barrier.

This paper discusses the lessons gathered from more than 30 polymers water shut-off projects undertaken in Umm Gudair field during the past three decades. A rigorous research was undertaken with a precise diagnosis, information integration, and historical well work-over and completion, production, and reservoir data integration. All data is centralized, processed, and reviewed prior to and after water shut-off treatments in order to extract lessons learned for future projects.

The study indicates that the crosslinked polymer treatment is beneficial for a period of time in reducing water generation. In certain circumstances, the water cut may progressively increase, and in some cases, it will reach the pre-treatment level. In addition, the results indicate that the cross-linked polymer can improve well integrity by obstructing tiny cement channels. With high production rates, a high oil viscosity ratio, and high vertical to horizontal permeability in the reservoir, the severity of the water cone influences the polymer, and it is increasing. The success of the treatment is contingent on a number of factors, including the depth of polymer penetration in the formation, rock petrophysics, formation heterogeneity, polymer characteristics, and the correct operation techniques and implementation.
Wettability Alteration of Reservoir Rock by Nonionic, Anionic and Cationic Surfactant in Water-Based Drilling Fluid
Authors: Kiani Mohammad , Mirza Mohammad Ali , Erfanian Elnaz , Jafarifar Iman
Published: June 2023

The interaction between clay minerals in formations and drilling fluids was analyzed through a study of four core plugs in different types of fluid, including gas oil, anionic surfactant (SDS), non-ionic surfactant (PEG), and cationic surfactant (CTAB). The core plugs were cut for petrophysical tests, including permeability, saturation, X-ray diffraction, and petrographical analyses. The original samples contained clay minerals such as illite and smectite. A static immersion test revealed that swelling and dispersing changed the original petrophysical rock properties of the samples. The addition of nanoparticles of Ca, K, Na, Cl at low, high, and saturated salinity in sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), and calcium chloride (CaCl2) was used to reduce active shale and increase mud density from 8.33 to 11.8 ppg, improving petrophysical rock properties by reducing filtration and swelling. The permeability and water saturation were measured before and after core injection of the drilling fluids. The results showed that surfactants (PEG) > (SDS) > (CTAB) in a water-based drilling fluid improved fluid loss and viscosity and reduced the interfacial tension, shifting the reservoir wettability towards a more water-wet state in low, high, and saturation salinity. The use of surfactants in water-based mud reduced formation damage and increased well productivity.
Dynamics and embedded solitons of stochastic quadratic χ(2) and cubic χ(3) nonlinear susceptibilities with multiplicative white noise in the Itô sense
Authors: Peng Chen , Li Zhao
Published: June 2023

The main purpose of this paper is to study the dynamics and embedded solitons of stochastic quadratic χ(2) and cubic χ(3) nonlinear susceptibilities in the Itˆo sense. Firstly, two-dimensional dynamics system and its perturbation system are obtained by using travelling wave transformation. Secondly, phase portraits of two-dimensional dynamics system are plotted. What’s more, chaotic behaviors, two-dimensional phase portraits, three-dimensional phase portraits and sensitivity of the perturbation system are analyzed by using the Maple software. Finally, the embedded solitons of stochastic quadratic χ(2) and cubic χ(3) nonlinear susceptibilities are obtained. Moreover, three-dimensional and two-dimension of stochastic quadratic χ(2) and cubic χ(3) nonlinear susceptibilities are plotted.
Gaze-centered gating and reactivation of value encoding in orbitofrontal cortex
Authors: Ferro Demetrio , Cash-Padgett Tyler , Wang Maya Zhe , Hayden Ben , Bote Rubén Moreno
Published: June 2023

During economic choice, we often consider options in alternation, until we commit to one. Nonetheless, neuroeconomics typically ignores the dynamic aspects of deliberation. We trained macaques to perform a value-based decision-making task in which two risky offers were presented in sequence at different locations of the visual field, each followed by a delay epoch where offers were invisible. Subjects looked at the offers in sequence, as expected. Surprisingly, during the delay epochs, we found that subjects still tend to look at empty locations where the visual offers had previously appeared; moreover, longer fixation to given empty location increases the probability of choosing the associated offer, even after controlling for the offer values. We show that activity in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) reflects the value of the gazed offer, but also the value of the offer associated with the gazed spatial location, even if it is not the most recently viewed. This reactivation reflects a reevaluation process, as fluctuations in neural spiking during offer stimuli presentation and delays correlate with upcoming choice. Our results suggest that look-at-nothing gazing triggers the reactivation of a previously seen offer for further reevaluation, revealing novel aspects of deliberation.
Multimodal Imaging Genetic Analysis of Schizophrenia Based on Sparse Representation and Dictionary Learning
Authors: Zhu Fengxia , Zhang Kaisheng
Published: June 2023

Schizophrenia is a highly hereditary illness, and there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of this disease. The clinical diagnosis of this disease lacks objective biomarkers. In order to extract biomarkers, machine learning methods are used. Most of machine learning methods only consider single-modality imaging data or genetic data, which makes the extracted biomarkers inaccurate. In this paper, we propose a new group and orthogonal constraints joint sparse representation and dictionary learning (GOJSDL) model to improve the accuracy and diversity of the schizophrenia biomarkers. Specifically, the proposed model maps multimodal imaging genetic data of schizophrenia patients to a common dictionary matrix to take full advantage of the complementary information in multimodal data. Then, to reduce the collinearity of atoms in the common dictionary matrix preventing ambiguity in feature selection, we incorporate orthogonal constraints into the SDL model. In addition, we introduce group structure as prior constraint into the SDL model to realize the sparseness of the features at the group level. We verify the effectiveness and state-of-the-art of the proposed model based on simulated datasets. Subsequently, we apply the GOJSDL model to a real image genetic dataset of schizophrenia, and identify abnormal brain regions (e.g., Hippocampus and Fusiform_R) from the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) dataset, disease-related risk genes (e.g., NFX1, CDH4) from the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data and disease-related environmental factors (such as ADNP, RAET1L) from the DNA methylation data. Through literature review and functional analysis, it is shown that these biomarkers are closely related to schizophrenia. The discovery of these biomarkers helps us to further explore the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
Optimization of plasma arc welding process parameters of SAF 2507/316L dissimilar steel based on response surface method
Authors: Hong Xiaolong , Huang Bensheng , Li Tianning , Wang Xiaowei , Wu Yanqiu , Zheng Jianneng
Published: June 2023

As a tubing adapter for submarine oil and gas development, super duplex stainless steel usually needs to be connected with other different metals. In the welding process, the welding parameters have a great influence on the stress and deformation of the welded joint. Since there are many welding parameters and the welding parameters interact with each other, changing one parameter requires changing one or more parameters to produce the expected results. Therefore, it is not easy to find an optimal parameter combination to meet the assembly requirements and improve the joint quality. Based on the response surface method, this paper mainly evaluates the influence of welding current, welding voltage and welding speed on the equivalent stress and overall deformation of SAF 2507/316L plasma arc welded joints. The regression model equations of equivalent stress and overall deformation with respect to welding parameters are obtained. The optimal predicted welding parameters output from the regression equation are very close to the simulated values. The Simufact Welding software was used for numerical simulation, and the influence of parameter combinations based on response surface test design on the transverse, longitudinal and Z-direction deformation of SAF 2507/316L plasma arc welded joints was studied. The accuracy of the simulation results was verified by experiments.
Electronic Structure and Photophysical Properties of Some Promising Organic Molecules for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Uzun Kübra Karaoğlu , Sayın Serkan , Çevik Uğur
Published: June 2023

Three novel organic semiconductors (Fig.1), which are molecule (a) and molecule (c) have the same wing unit molecules (b) and (c) have the same core unit were reported. Thus, the influence of wing units on solar cell device performence parameters such us the opto-electronics properties, non-linear optics (NLO), electronic properties were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) aimed at evincing molecular structure–property relations. The all studied molecules would be promising materials for photovoltaic applications, but molecule (c) could be excellent candidate for high efficiency organic solar cells with a small energy gap, a lowest ΔGreg, highest Voc and LHE values. On the other hand the calculated results show that wing units of molecules affect to the electronics and photovoltaic properties more than core units. According to all these results, it is seen that the wing units of the molecules affect both the opto-electronic properties and NLO properties more than the wing units. These theoretical calculations is expected to obtain new strategies to synthesize efficient materials for opto-electronics applications especially organic solar cell devices.
The synthesis and use of bio-based flocculant from Boehmeria nivea in coagulation-flocculation and direct flocculation of kaolin suspension
Authors: Fauzani Dinda , Notodarmojo Suprihanto , Handajani Marisa , Helmy Qomarudin , Kardiansyah Teddy
Published: June 2023

The synthesis and modification of cellulose from Boehmeria nivea into a cationic bio-based flocculant was performed. In the first stage of research, cellulose was isolated from the bast fiber of Boehmeria nivea. Second, the modification of cellulose into cationic cellulose was carried out by reaction using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl-trimethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC). Cellulose and cationic cellulose were tested as bio-based flocculants for their flocculation ability with synthetic water samples using 5 g/L of kaolin suspension with turbidity as the test parameter. Data analysis was performed by statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. Studies showed that the use of Cellulose as a bio-based flocculant in the coagulation-flocculation process with polyaluminum chloride (PAC) as a coagulant statistically increased the efficiency of turbidity removal, up to 99.17%, whereas the direct flocculation process, i.e., without the use of coagulant, had a turbidity removal efficiency of 98.91% with 60 minutes of sedimentation time. The use of cationic cellulose showed promising results as a bio-based flocculant in the direct flocculation process compared to PAC, with a shorter sedimentation time.
Evaluation of rational medicine prescribing: A cross-sectional study of public hospitals in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Djochie Richard Delali Agbeko , Owusu-Donkor Rita , d'Almeida Elizabeth Modupe , Fordjour Francis , Akwah Francis Kwadwo Gyamfi , Kyeremateng Emmanuel , Opoku-Afriyie Samuel , Tabiri Cecilia Akosua , Frimpong Francis Kyei , Dwomoh Samuel
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Improper utilization of medications leads to undesirable consequences such as unnecessary adverse drug reactions, heightened hospitalizations, escalated treatment expenses, and potentially fatal outcomes. The main aim of this study was to assess the adherence of public hospitals in Ghana's Ashanti Region to the principles of rational medicine usage.
Methods: Using a systematic random sampling approach, a total of 2462 prescriptions were retrospectively assessed from 25 public hospitals in the Ashanti Region. Selected World Health Organization indicators for rational medicine use were employed in the evaluation. The data underwent analysis using SPSS version 21, and the hospitals were ranked based on the calculated index of rational drug prescribing.
Results: The average number of medications prescribed per patient encounter was 3.64 (95%CI: 3.58 – 3.70), and the average treatment cost amounted to GH₵25.58 (approximately $4.26). Approximately 73.4% of medications were prescribed using generic names (95%CI: 72.3% – 74.5%), while 91.7% of medications (95%CI: 90.96% – 92.4%) were prescribed from the Essential Medicines List. Antibiotics were prescribed in 60.7% of encounters, while injections were administered in 13.4% of cases. Only 62.3% of encounters received the appropriate antibiotic for their diagnosis. The index of rational drug prescribing in the Ashanti Region was 71.4%.
Conclusion: In general, there has been an improvement in the rational prescribing of medicines in the region. However, it is crucial to give more attention to issues such as polypharmacy and irrational antibiotic prescribing. Interventions should be implemented to address this concerning trend and prioritize the safety of patients.
Transmission Line Fault Insulator Detection Based on GAN- Faster RCNN
Authors: Zhang Yue , Xu Yonghui , Cui Lizhen
Published: June 2023

Insulators are essential and numerous components in power transmission lines, but they are also prone to faults. Therefore, it is crucial to detect faults in insulators. Although existing fault detection methods for insulators in power transmission lines have been improved to some extent by continuously modifying their internal structures, traditional detection methods still suffer from low accuracy and limited applicability in practical engineering applications. To address these issues, this study proposes an improved Faster Region Convolutional Neural Network (Faster RCNN) network as a generator for detecting insulator defects in power transmission lines. In addition, an adversarial loss is introduced by building a discriminator to enhance the overall detection capability of the original Faster RCNN model. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms existing insulator fault detection models in terms of accuracy.
On Mixed Metric Dimension of Crystal Cubic Carbon Structure
Authors: Singh Malkesh , Sharma Sunny Kumar , Bhat Vijay Kumar
Published: June 2023

Chemical graph theory is a branch of mathematical chemistry which applies classic graph theory to chemical phenomena and entities. Graphs are extensively used in chemistry to recognise the structures of chemical compounds, with the vertices and edges denoting atoms and bonds respectively. Let $\Gamma=(V,E)$ be a $n$th order connected graph. If the distance vectors to the vertices in an ordered subset $H_{r}$ of vertices can uniquely identify each vertex of the graph $\Gamma$, then the set $H_{r}$ is known as resolving set for the graph $\Gamma$. The resolving set $H_{r}$ with smallest cardinality serves as the metric dimension of graph $\Gamma$ and this resolving set serves as the metric basis for $\Gamma$. A unique representation of chemical structures can be obtained using a resolving set. In this manuscript, the most important variant of metric dimension known as mixed metric dimension is taken into consideration and computed it for most important allotrope of carbon commonly known as crystal cubic carbon.
MSC(2020): 05C10, 05C12, 68R10.
Myocardial infarction in comparison between diabetic and non-diabetic patients, types and complications
Authors: Alromman Mohammad , Alswaedan Ghufran Yousef , Nabulsi Ahmed
Published: June 2023

Background: It is known that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction. In this study, we review myocardial infarction in diabetics and non-diabetics, and distinguish between types of infarctions (inferior, anterior, lateral, posterior). We also identify complications arising from infarction affecting morbidity and mortality.
Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in Damascus Hospital, on patients' data from the year 2017 to 2021. 500 files were studied and 200 files were approved after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, through a data collection tool designed by the supervisor.
Results:Males constituted the largest percentage of the study sample 158 (79%), and the two age groups (50-60 years, 60-70 years) had the largest percentage of 64 (32%) for each, and more than half of the patients were smokers 114 (57%) %), and the proportion of diabetic patients in the sample was less than half 74 (37%), and the second type was the most common among them 65 (32.5%), and for the type of infarction the anterior was the most common 98 (49%), and the most common method of management was thromboembolism 105 (52.5%), and the most common complication of infarction was cardiac arrhythmias 56 (34.8%).
Multi-Scale Deep Learning Ensemble for Segmentation of Endometriotic Lesions
Authors: Podda Alessandro Sebastian , Balia Riccardo , Barra Silvio , Carta Salvatore , Neri Manuela , Guerriero Stefano , Piano Leonardo
Published: June 2023

Ultrasound is a readily available, non-invasive and low cost screening for the identification of endometriosis lesions, but its diagnostic specificity strongly depends on the experience of the operator. For this reason, computer-aided diagnosis tools based on Artificial Intelligence techniques can provide significant help to the clinical staff, both in terms of workload reduction and in increasing the overall accuracy of this type of examination and its outcome. However, although these techniques are spreading rapidly in a variety of domains, their application to endometriosis is still very limited. To fill this gap, we propose and evaluate a novel multi-scale ensemble approach for the automatic segmentation of endometriosis lesions from trans-vaginal ultrasounds. The peculiarity of the method lies in its high discrimination capability, obtained by combining, in a fusion fashion, multiple Convolutional Neural Networks trained on data at different granularity. The experimental validation carried out shows that: (i) the proposed method allows to significantly improve the performance of the individual neural networks, even in the presence of a limited training set; (ii) with a Dice coefficient of 82%, it represents a valid solution to increase the diagnostic efficacy of the ultrasound examination against such a pathology.
Über das Vorkommen von Thamnium alopecurum (L. ap. Hedw.) Br. eur. im Stromberggebiet (Keuper) bei Brackenheim/Zabergäu
Authors: Kümmel Käthe
Published: June 2023

Im subkontinentalen Übergangsgebiet des Zabergäu-Stromberggebietes werden im Keuper 59 Fundorte des subatlantisdien (montan-ozeanischen) Mooses Thamnium alopecurum (L. ap. Hedw.) Br. eur. nachgewiesen.
Vorkommen von Gammarus (Amphipoda) im Raum Düsseldorf-Ratingen
Authors: Hinz Werner
Published: June 2023

Im Gebiet nördlich und östlich von Düsseldorf-Ratingen wurden 217 Gewässerstellen untersucht; in 42 % von ihnen wurde Gammarus (hauptsächlich G. fossarum) angetroffen. G. pulex besiedelt 5 Stellen gemeinsam mit G. fossarum und eine zusammen mit G. roeseli.