bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PD-1-positive cells contribute to the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease and can aid in predicting response to vedolizumab
Authors: Kim Min Kyu , Jo Su In , Kim Sang-Yeob , Lim Hyun , Kang Ho Suk , Moon Sung‑Hoon , Ye Byong Duk , Soh Jae Seung , Hwang Sung Wook
Published: December 2023

Differentiating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from other inflammatory diseases is often challenging. Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is expressed in T cells and is an indicator of their exhaustion. The role of PD-1 expression in diagnosing IBD and predicting the response of biologic agents remains inconclusive. In this study, endoscopic biopsy samples of 19 patients diagnosed with IBD, intestinal tuberculosis, and intestinal Behcet’s disease were analyzed using multiplexed immunohistochemistry. Additionally, a separate "vedolizumab (VDZ) cohort" established in ulcerative colitis patients who underwent endoscopic biopsy before VDZ administration was analyzed to predict response to VDZ. In the immunohistochemistry analysis, the cell density of T cell subsets, including PD-1 + cells, was investigated and compared between IBD and other inflammatory diseases (OID). Cell densities of PD-1 + cells (p = 0.028), PD-1 + helper T cells (p = 0.008), and PD-1 + regulatory T cells (p = 0.024) were higher in IBD compared with OID. In the VDZ cohort, patients with a 14-week steroid-free clinical response had higher levels of PD-1 + cells (p = 0.026), PD-1 + helper T cells (p = 0.026), and PD-1 + regulatory T cells (p = 0.041) than the no response group. PD-1 + immune cells may contribute to the diagnosis of IBD and could be used to predict response to VDZ in ulcerative colitis patients.
The lactate response to a second bout of exercise is not reduced in a concurrent lower-limb exercise program
Authors: Tsukamoto Hayato , Suga Tadashi , Dora Kento , Sugimoto Takeshi , Tomoo Keigo , Isaka Tadao , Hashimoto Takeshi
Published: December 2023

We aimed to evaluate the blood lactate level in response to two bouts of exercise. First, we hypothesized that blood lactate elevation in response to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (MIAE) would be lower at the end of the second bout of MIAE than the first bout of MIAE. In this context, we also hypothesized that lactate accumulation at the end of resistance exercise (RE) would be reduced if MIAE is performed before RE (i.e., concurrent exercise; CE). If so, we hypothesized that the order of the CE (i.e., RE + MIAE vs. MIAE + RE) influences blood lactate kinetics. To test the hypotheses, forty-three healthy men participated in three studies. In study 1, 20 men (age 21 ± 2 years) performed two bouts of a 20-min MIAE separated by a 20-min rest interval. In study 2, 11 men (age 22 ± 1 years) performed RE only and CE (MIAE + RE; ARCE) with a 20-min rest interval in a crossover design. In study 3, 12 men (age 21 ± 2 years) performed both CEs, which were ARCE and RE + MIAE (RACE), with a 20-min rest interval in a crossover design. We measured blood lactate before and at the end of each exercise session. In study 1, the blood lactate response to the second bout of MIAE was lower than that of the first bout (P < 0.001, r = 0.68). However, the blood lactate response to the ARCE trial was not lower than the response to the RE trial in study 2 (P = 0.475, r = 0.22). The results of study 3 showed that the RACE and ARCE trials induced a similar lactate response (MIAE P = 0.423, r = 0.28; RE P = 0.766, d = 0.03). These observations indicate that whereas lactate accumulation might be diminished by a second bout of MIAE, a different type of exercise (i.e., aerobic/resistance) did not result in a diminished lactate accumulation in response to a second bout of exercise.
Rapid adsorptive removal of eosin yellow and methyl orange using zeolite Y
Authors: Adeoye John Busayo , Balogun David Ololade , Etemire Oghenefejiro Jeshurun , Ezeh Princewill Nnaneme , Tan Yie Hua , Mubarak Nabisab Mujawar
Published: December 2023

In this study, zeolite Y was synthesised using a novel method. The heat generated from the reaction of H2SO4 with metakaolin was used as a heat source instead of applying external heat for the dealuminated process. The synthesised zeolite Y produced was analysed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET). Zeolite Y synthesis was mesoporous because of its pore diameter (30.53 nm), as shown in the BET results. Surface area and pore size decrease after adsorption due to dye deposition on the adsorbent’s surface. FTIR has bonds like O–H, C–H, –CH3, and –COOH responsible for adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of eosin yellow (EY) and methyl orange (MO) on to zeolite Y by the Langmuir isotherm was 52.91 mg/g and 20.62 mg/g respectively, at pH 2.5 and 8 for EY and MO dye. The batch adsorption studies were conducted, and the influence of different parameters (i.e., adsorbent dose, adsorption time, initial dye concentration, pH and temperature) was investigated. Experimental data were analysed by two linear model equations (Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms), and it was found that the Langmuir isotherm model best describes the adsorption data for methyl orange and Freundlich isotherm for eosin yellow, respectively. Adsorption rate constants were determined using linear pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order. The results showed that MO and EY dye adsorption onto zeolite Y followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic studies show that adsorption was an exothermic reaction (enthalpy < 0) and feasible ($$(Gibbs free energy)<0$$

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) at various temperatures under investigation.
Species identification of phlebotomine sandflies using deep learning and wing interferential pattern (WIP)
Authors: Cannet Arnaud , Simon-Chane Camille , Histace Aymeric , Akhoundi Mohammad , Romain Olivier , Souchaud Marc , Jacob Pierre , Sereno Darian , Volf Petr , Dvorak Vit , Sereno Denis
Published: December 2023

Sandflies (Diptera; Psychodidae) are medical and veterinary vectors that transmit diverse parasitic, viral, and bacterial pathogens. Their identification has always been challenging, particularly at the specific and sub-specific levels, because it relies on examining minute and mostly internal structures. Here, to circumvent such limitations, we have evaluated the accuracy and reliability of Wing Interferential Patterns (WIPs) generated on the surface of sandfly wings in conjunction with deep learning (DL) procedures to assign specimens at various taxonomic levels. Our dataset proves that the method can accurately identify sandflies over other dipteran insects at the family, genus, subgenus, and species level with an accuracy higher than 77.0%, regardless of the taxonomic level challenged. This approach does not require inspection of internal organs to address identification, does not rely on identification keys, and can be implemented under field or near-field conditions, showing promise for sandfly pro-active and passive entomological surveys in an era of scarcity in medical entomologists.
Structure-based identification of novel inhibitors targeting the enoyl-ACP reductase enzyme of Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Khan Shama , Madhi Shabir A. , Olwagen Courtney
Published: December 2023

Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogen primarily associated with nosocomial infections resulting in increased morbidity and mortality in adults and infants, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where the clinical burden is high. New therapeutics are needed to treat multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections and reduce transmission. The study used computer-integrated drug discovery approaches including pharmacophore modelling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation to screen potential inhibitors against the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase—FabI protein of Acinetobacter baumannii. The top three potential inhibitors: 21272541 > 89795992 > 89792657 showed favourable binding free energies including coulombic energy, van der Waals energy, and polar and non-polar energies. Furthermore, all three complexes were extremely stable and compact with reduced fluctuations during the simulations period. Inhibitor 21272541 exhibited the highest binding affinity against the Acinetobacter baumannii FabI protein. This is similar to our recent report, which also identified 21272541 as the lead inhibitor against Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. Future clinical studies evaluating drug effectiveness should prioritise inhibitor 21272541 which could be effective in treating infections caused by Gram-negative organisms.
Defect modes in defective one dimensional parity-time symmetric photonic crystal
Authors: Wang Tiecheng , Niu Yong
Published: December 2023

The introduction of defect layers into one-dimensional parity-time (PT) symmetric photonic crystals gives rise to resonances within the photonic bandgaps. These resonances can be effectively explained by our generalized temporal coupled mode theory. The scattering properties and dispersion relation of defect modes exhibit distinct characteristics compared to conventional one-dimensional Hermitian photonic crystals with defect layers. By tuning the non-Hermiticity or other model parameters, the modulus of the generalized decay rate can be reduced, consequently, the electric field concentrated within the defect layer strengthens. This arises due to the unique band structure of one-dimensional PT-symmetric photonic crystals, which differs significantly from that of traditional one-dimensional Hermitian photonic crystals. Furthermore, the interaction between multiple resonances is investigated through the introduction of multiple defect layers. Our study not only provides insights into resonance phenomena in defective non-Hermitian systems but also contributes to the design of relevant optical resonance devices.
Experimental results on nonlinear distortion compensation using photonic reservoir computing with a single set of weights for different wavelengths
Authors: Gooskens Emmanuel , Sackesyn Stijn , Dambre Joni , Bienstman Peter
Published: December 2023

Photonics-based computing approaches in combination with wavelength division multiplexing offer a potential solution to modern data and bandwidth needs. This paper experimentally takes an important step towards wavelength division multiplexing in an integrated waveguide-based photonic reservoir computing platform by using a single set of readout weights for up to at least 3 ITU-T channels to efficiently scale the data bandwidth when processing a nonlinear signal equalization task on a 28 Gbps modulated on-off keying signal. Using multiple-wavelength training, we obtain bit error rates well below that of the $$1.5 \times \,10^{-2}$$

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forward error correction limit at high fiber input powers of 18 dBm, which result in high nonlinear distortion. The results of the reservoir chip are compared to a tapped delay line filter and clearly show that the system performs nonlinear equalization. This was achieved using only limited post processing which in future work can be implemented in optical hardware as well.
Development of a distributed nonlinear Muskingum model by considering snowmelt effects for flood routing in the Red River
Authors: Atashi Vida , Barati Reza , Lim Yeo Howe
Published: December 2023

This research paper presents the development of a nonlinear Muskingum model which achieves precise flood routing through river reaches while considering lateral inflow conditions. Fourteen pairs of flood hydrograph found at two specific United States Geological Survey (USGS) stations located along the Red River of the North, namely Grand Forks and Drayton, are used for the calibrations and validations of the Muskingum model. To enhance the accuracy of the procedure, a reach is divided into multiple sub-reaches, and the Muskingum model calculations are performed individually for each interval using the distributed Muskingum method. Notably, the model development process incorporates the use of the Salp Swarm algorithm. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed nonlinear Muskingum model in accurately routing floods through the very gentle river with a bed slope of (0.0002–0.0003). The events were categorized into three groups based on their dominant drivers: Group A (Snowmelt-driven floods), Group B (Rain-on-snow-induced floods), and Group C (Mixed floods influenced by both snowmelt and rainfall). For the sub-reaches in Group A, single sub-reach (NR = 1), the Performance Evaluation Criteria (PEC) yielded the highest value for SSE, amounting to 404.9 × 106. In Group B, when NR = 2, PEC results the highest value were SSE = 730.2 × 106. The number of sub-reaches in a model has a significant influence on parameter estimates and model performance, as demonstrated by the analysis of hydrologic parameters and performance evaluation criteria. Optimal performance varied across case studies, emphasizing the importance of selecting the appropriate number of sub-reaches for peak discharge predictions.
Dihydrotanshinone I protects human chondrocytes and alleviates damage from spontaneous osteoarthritis in a guinea pig model
Authors: Zhang Yan-Zhuo , Wei Zhen-Jie , Yu Shu-Nan , Wang Xin-Yu , Wang Ying , Wu Cheng-Ai , Jiang Xu
Published: December 2023

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease. Currently, no satisfactory pharmacological treatment exists for OA. The potential anti-inflammatory properties of Dihydrotanshinone I (DHT) have been reported, but its effects on OA are unclear. In this study, we assess the impact of DHT on the viability of human chondrocytes in vitro. We then use a guinea pig model to investigate the effects of DHT on knee osteoarthritis progression. Twelve-week-old Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs spontaneously developing OA were intraperitoneally injected with different doses of DHT for eight weeks. Micro-CT analysis was performed on the subchondral bone in the knee, and histological assessment of the knee joint was done using stained sections, the ratio of hyaline to calcified cartilage, and Mankin scores. DHT successfully restored IL-1β-induced decreases in cell viability in human primary chondrocytes. In the guinea pig model, intraperitoneal injections of DHT ameliorated age-induced OA, effectively reduced the expression level of two cartilage metabolism-related genes (ADAMTS4 and MMP13) and decreased the inflammatory biomarker IL-6 in the serum of guinea pigs developing spontaneous osteoarthritis. These findings demonstrate DHT’s protective effects on chondrocytes and suggest that it alleviates cartilage degradation and proteoglycan loss in OA.
DNA methylation rates scale with maximum lifespan across mammals
Authors: Crofts Samuel J. C. , Latorre-Crespo Eric , Chandra Tamir
Published: December 2023

DNA methylation rates have previously been found to broadly correlate with maximum lifespan in mammals, yet no precise relationship has been observed. We developed a statistically robust framework to compare methylation rates at conserved age-related sites across mammals. We found that methylation rates negatively scale with maximum lifespan in both blood and skin. The emergence of explicit scaling suggests that methylation rates are, or are linked to, an evolutionary constraint on maximum lifespan acting across diverse mammalian lineages.
Investigating the reciprocity between cognition and behavior in adaptation to large-scale disasters
Authors: Tao Tiffany Junchen , Li Tsz Wai , Liang Li , Liu Huinan , Hou Wai Kai
Published: December 2023

Cognition and behavior could reciprocally impact each other and together determine mental health amid large-scale disasters such as COVID-19. This study reports a six-month cohort study of a population-representative sample of Hong Kong residents (N = 906) from March–August 2021 (T1) to September 2021–February 2022 (T2). Cross-lagged panel analyses reveal that T1 poor behavioral functioning as indicated by high daily routine disruptions is inversely associated with T2 cognitive adaptation as indicated by self-efficacy and meaning-making but not vice versa. T1 routine disruptions but not cognitive adaptation are positively associated with T2 probable depression/anxiety. The positive link between T1 routine disruptions and T2 probable disorders is mediated by poor cognitive adaptation at T2. The present findings suggest that upholding daily behavioral functioning relative to positive states of mind could have a more pivotal role in mental health amid large-scale disasters. Future studies can test interventions that enhance the sustainment of regular daily routines.
Orographic amplification of El Niño teleconnections on winter precipitation across the Intermountain West of North America
Authors: Stagge James H. , Torbenson Max C. A. , Sung Kyungmin , Phillips Benjamin , Kingston Daniel G.
Published: December 2023

A large proportion of western North America experiences regular water stress, compounded by high seasonal and interannual variability. In the Intermountain West region, the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a critical control on winter precipitation, but the nature of this signal is entangled with a combination of orographic effects and long-term climate trends. This study employs a spatially distributed, nonlinear spline model to isolate ENSO impacts from these other factors using gauge-based observations starting in 1871. In contrast to previous modelling approaches, our approach uses original gauge data, without shortening the record to accommodate a common period. This enables more detailed separation of ENSO effects from the confounding influence of topography and long-term trends, whereas the longer time frame permits more robust correlation with the ENSO signal. Here we show that the complex topography of the Intermountain West exaggerates the underlying ENSO signal, producing a 2.3–5.8 times increase in the range of ENSO-induced precipitation changes along high-elevation western slopes relative to lower elevations. ENSO effects on winter precipitation can be as large as ± 100 mm at high elevations. Further, our approach reveals that the previously recognized dipolar pattern of positive (negative) association of ENSO with precipitation in the south (north) manifests as an incremental relationship in the south but as a near-binary switch in effects between El Niño and La Niña in the north. The location and extent of the strongest precipitation differences vary during the positive and negative ENSO phases within each region. The intricacies of these spatial- and elevation-based modulations of ENSO impacts are especially informative for the northern centre of this dipole, where ENSO-precipitation relationships have previously been difficult to resolve.
Fenton-like reaction triggered chemical redox-cycling signal amplification for ultrasensitive fluorometric detection of H2O2 and glucose
Authors: Sun Lu , Chen Lin-Ge , Wang Hai-Bo
Published: December 2023

An ultrasensitive fluorescent biosensor is reported for glucose determination based on Fenton-like reaction triggered chemical redox-cycling signal amplification.
Development of an ic-ELISA and immunochromatographic assay strip for the rapid detection of chloridazon in oranges and celery
Authors: Zhang Qing , Wu Aihong , Li Jinyan , Liu Liqiang , Kuang Hua , Xu Chuanlai , Guo Lingling
Published: December 2023

We prepared a monoclonal antibody against chloridazon (CLZ) and combined this antibody with colloidal gold to establish an immunochromatographic test strip method for the detection of CLZ in oranges and celery.
Intramolecular trapping of an iminium salt: rapid construction of quindoline derivatives
Authors: Zhou Pan , Wu Senhui , Niu Kaikai , Song Hongjian , Liu Yuxiu , Zhang Jingjing , Wang Qingmin
Published: December 2023

A method for synthesis of quindoline derivatives by means of intramolecular ring-closure reactions of 3-N-methylphenylindoles via an iminium salt intermediate was developed. This method can be used for the rapid synthesis of quindoline derivatives.
Thermal stability of amorphous nimesulide: from glass formation to crystal growth and thermal degradation
Authors: Svoboda Roman , Macháčková Jana , Nevyhoštěná Marie , Komersová Alena
Published: December 2023

Thermally induced physico-chemical transformations in amorphous nimesulide were studied by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry, and Raman microscopy.
Energy landscape of perylenediimide chromophoric aggregates
Authors: Panthakkal Das Pallavi , Mazumder Aniruddha , Rajeevan Megha , Swathi Rotti Srinivasamurthy , Hariharan Mahesh
Published: December 2023

Energy decomposition analysis unravels the competition between the attractive and repulsive non-covalent interactions modulating the stability of perylenediimide aggregate systems, tracing the energy landscape.
Switchable asymmetric transmission with broadband polarization conversion in vanadium dioxide-assisted terahertz metamaterials
Authors: Liu Zhichao , Zhou Tianle , Jin Gui , Su Jiangbin , Tang Bin
Published: December 2023

Switchable asymmetric transmission with broadband polarization conversion is demonstrated in vanadium dioxide-assisted terahertz metamaterials.
Energy transfer from two luteins to chlorophylls in light-harvesting complex II study by using exciton models with phase correction
Authors: Li Jiarui , Zeng Tao , Qu Zexing , Zhai Yu , Li Hui
Published: December 2023

Phase-corrected multidimensional Frenkel exciton models were used to explore the energy transfer pathways involving two luteins and chlorophylls in the light-harvesting system of plants.
Selective hydrogenation of amides and imides over heterogeneous Pt-based catalysts
Authors: Qu Ruiyang , Mao Shuxin , Weiß Jana , Kondratenko Vita A. , Kondratenko Evgenii V. , Bartling Stephan , Qi Haifeng , Surkus Annette-Enrica , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias
Published: December 2023

A heterogeneous Pt–MoOx/TiO2 catalyst for the hydrogenation of several 2° and 3° amide as well as imide under milder conditions is described. The catalytic reactivity is proposed to originate from the synergistic effect between surface active species.
A comprehensive review of food waste valorization for the sustainable management of global food waste
Authors: Sarker Aniruddha , Ahmmed Raju , Ahsan S. M. , Rana Juwel , Ghosh Mithun Kumar , Nandi Rakhi
Published: December 2023

Food waste (FW) is a global problem and a hidden opportunity for the value-added product conversion.
Palladium recovery from acidic solution with phenanthroline-based covalent organic polymers as adsorbents for efficient heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Liu Hui , Wu Pengcheng , Wang Ke , Li Qing , Yu Chengkan , Li Xiaowei , Cai Yimin , Feng Wen , Yuan Lihua
Published: December 2023

Highly efficient and selective recovery of Pd(II) from high-level liquid waste (HLLW) was realized by new phenanthroline-based organic polymers for subsequent heterogeneous catalysis of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions.
Combining DoE and MASE: a winning strategy for the isolation of natural bioactive compounds from plant materials
Authors: Cavalloro Valeria , Marrubini Giorgio , Rossino Giacomo , Martino Emanuela , Collina Simona
Published: December 2023

MASE is well suited for use in the nature-aided drug discovery, but the OFAT approach risks limiting the advantages offered by the technique. The way to make it truly green is to couple MASE with DoE, although this coupling is still limited.
Interstitial flow potentiates TGF-β/Smad-signaling activity in lung cancer spheroids in a 3D-microfluidic chip
Authors: Rahman Zaid , Bordoloi Ankur Deep , Rouhana Haifa , Tavasso Margherita , van der Zon Gerard , Garbin Valeria , ten Dijke Peter , Boukany Pouyan E.
Published: December 2023

3-D microfluidic platform to investigate effects of interstitial flow and TGF-β on A549 lung cancer spheroids.
Rational design of carbon nanocomposites with hierarchical porosity: a strategy to improve capacitive energy storage performance
Authors: Hryniewicka Agnieszka , Breczko Joanna , Siemiaszko Gabriela , Brzezinski Krzysztof , Ilnicka Anna , Terzyk Artur P. , Plonska-Brzezinska Marta E.
Published: December 2023

Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) constitute an emerging class of high-performance materials due to their porosity and the possibility of structural control at the molecular or atomic level.
Highly sensitive and repeatable recording photopolymer for holographic data storage containing N-methylpyrrolidone
Authors: Jin Junchao , Hu Po , Song Haiyang , Li Jinhong , Wu Junhui , Zeng Zeyi , Li Qingdong , Wang Li , Lin Xiao , Tan Xiaodi
Published: December 2023

Schematic diagram of NMP-PQ/PMMA for collinear holographic data storage.
A new vision of photothermal therapy assisted with gold nanorods for the treatment of mammary cancers in adult female rats
Authors: Gamal Hend , Tawfik Walid , El-Sayyad Hassan IH , Emam Ahmed N. , Fahmy Heba Mohamed , El-Ghaweet Heba A.
Published: December 2023

Graphical abstract showing the whole photothermal process assisted with gold nanoparticles in female rats.
A self-assembled three-dimensional hierarchical nanoflower: an efficient enzyme-mimetic material for cancer cell detection that improves ROS generation for therapy
Authors: Murugan Chandran , Lee Hyoryong , Park Sukho
Published: December 2023

An enzyme-mimetic 3D nanoflower can accurately detect cancer cells and increase ROS generation within the cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner.
Unveiling the photoluminescence dynamics of gold nanoclusters with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Kayyil Veedu Malavika , Osmólska Julia , Hajda Agata , Olesiak-Bańska Joanna , Wenger Jérôme
Published: December 2023

Atomically-precise gold nanoclusters, known for their unique photoluminescence, are rarely explored at the single nanocluster level. Our study using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy reveals key insights into their photoluminescence dynamics.
Organelle imaging with carbon dots: strategies, challenges, and perspectives
Authors: Mao Quanxing , Meng Yujie , Feng Yuhang , Li Hui , Ma Tianyi
Published: December 2023

Organelle imaging is an efficient approach to gain information about intracellular events and dynamics of subcellular structures.
Potassium 2-germanaphthalenide: an isolable polycyclic system of germanium-incorporated anionic benzenoid
Authors: Tsuji Shingo , Tokitoh Norihiro , Yamada Hiroko , Mizuhata Yoshiyuki
Published: December 2023

A germanium analogue of the 2-naphthyl anion, 2-germanaphthalenide, has been isolated. While it possesses ambident character as both aromatic and germylene species, the germylene character is further emphasized as compared with germabenzenide.
Proton-induced switching of excitation-wavelength-dependent emission based on mixed-ligand metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Lv Yuanchao , Yang Xue , Xiong Zhile , Li Yunbin , Liang Jiashuai , Xiang Shengchang , Zhang Zhangjing
Published: December 2023

Switchable Ex-De emission of ML-MOFs has been realized via a proton-controlled ET process, enabling the design of high-level anti-counterfeiting applications.
Recent advances in metal-based electrocatalysts: from fundamentals and structural regulations to applications in anion-exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Han Ali , Liu Gang
Published: December 2023

We present a comprehensive understanding of the alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), ammonium oxidation reaction (AOR), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) based on metal catalysts for H2 or NH3-fueled alkaline exchange membrane fuel cells.
Hydantoin hexameric rosettes: harnessing H-bonds for supergelation and liquid crystals
Authors: González Lucía , Marín Iván , Tejedor Rosa M. , Barberá Joaquín , Romero Pilar , Concellón Alberto , Uriel Santiago , Serrano José L.
Published: December 2023

We present two hydantoin isomers that self-assemble through hydrogen bonding in solution and in bulk, either in a bowl-shaped or planar rosette, resulting in remarkable liquid crystals and gelation properties.
Atroposelective synthesis of N–N axially chiral pyrrolyl(aza)-quinolinone by de novo ring formation
Authors: Huang Qiwen , Li Yanze , Yang Cun , Wu Wendan , Hai Jingjie , Li Xinyao
Published: December 2023

A chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed Paal–Knorr reaction was achieved for constructing axially chiral pyrrolyl(aza)quinolinones with ‘6–5’-membered rings as a new family member of N–N atropisomers.
Caffeic acid, a natural extract, as an activatable molecular probe for viscosity detection in a liquid system
Authors: Xu Lingfeng , Zhong Min , Tian Ziyin , Zeng Huilei , Huang Yanrong
Published: December 2023

Liquids, functioning as nutrients and energy systems, regulate various functions during storage programs.
Strategy to enhance the semicontinuous anaerobic digestion of food waste via exogenous additives: experimental and machine learning approaches
Authors: Ding Chuan , Zhang Yi , Li Xindu , Liu Qiang , Li Yeqing , Lu Yanjuan , Feng Lu , Pan Junting , Zhou Hongjun
Published: December 2023

A novel additive was developed and its usage strategy was determined for regulating the anaerobic digestion (AD) of food waste (FW) through experimental and simulation approaches.
Anisotropic thermal expansion of silicon monolayer in biphenylene network
Authors: Guo Aiqing , Cao Fengli , Qiu Xiaodong , Ju Weiwei , Gao Zhibin , Liu Gang
Published: December 2023

Materials with a negative thermal expansion property are of great importance in the emerging family of two-dimensional materials.
Chemo- and regio-selective enzymatic lipophilisation of rutin, and physicochemical and antioxidant properties of rutin ester derivatives
Authors: Mexia Nikitia , Benohoud Meryem , Rayner Christopher M. , Blackburn Richard S.
Published: December 2023

Enzymatic acylation of the flavonoid disaccharide rutin was achieved using Candida antarctica lipase B. Lipophilicity of the rutin esters produced increased with increasing alkyl chain length, yet antioxidant properties were unaffected.
Study on the preparation and properties of Sn–0.7Cu–xBi alloy
Authors: Shenggang Zhou , Yi Zhang , Jihao Duan , Anyu Yue , Yong Cao
Published: December 2023

The addition of Bi significantly enhanced the corrosion resistance of Sn–0.7Cu alloy; a Sn–0.7Cu–12Bi alloy exhibited superior corrosion resistance.
Bio-guided isolation of alpha-glucosidase inhibitory compounds from Vietnamese Garcinia schomburgkiana fruits: in vitro and in silico studies
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc-Hong , Vu Y. Thien , Nguyen Tuan-Dat , Cao Truong-Tam , Nguyen Huy Truong , Le Thi-Kim-Dung , Sichaem Jirapast , Mai Dinh-Tri , Minh An Tran Nguyen , Duong Thuc-Huy
Published: December 2023

Garcinia schomburgkiana is an edible tree widely distributed in the southern region of Vietnam.
Selective methanation of CO over HZSM-5 supported Ni and Ni–Ru catalysts
Authors: Yang Yiding , Wu Xinyu , Zhang Yuchang , Geng Haojie , Yu Siyu , Liu Shetian
Published: December 2023

Under the synergistic effect of acid sites and active metal sites, Ni/HZSM-5 and Ni–Ru/HZSM-5 performed excellent CO removal properties and CO methanation selectivity.
Effects of altered backbone composition on the folding kinetics and mechanism of an ultrafast-folding protein
Authors: Santhouse Jacqueline R. , Leung Jeremy M. G. , Chong Lillian T. , Horne W. Seth
Published: December 2023

Analysis of folding rates and folding mechanism in tertiary structure mimetics reveals pronounced context-dependent effects of artificial backbone connectivity on the folding process.
Aggregate assembly of ferrocene functionalized indium-oxo clusters
Authors: Zhang Rong , Lan Jiajing , Wang Fei , Chen Shumei , Zhang Jian
Published: December 2023

Presented here are a series of ferrocene-functionalized high-nuclear indium-oxo clusters (InOC), containing thirteen-nuclear and cubane-type heptanuclear InOCs. The self-assembly of them leads to the formation of dimers, tetramers, and one-dimensional extended structures.
Bi-metallic [Cu/Co(6mna)2]n metal organic chalcogenolate frameworks as high-performance electro-catalysts for dye-sensitized solar cells: a ligand-assisted bottom-up synthesis
Authors: Lai Chun-Wei , Lee Yu-Chien , Jiang Yi-Zhen , Lin Chia-Her , Kumar Gautam , Huang Michael H. , Li Chun-Ting
Published: December 2023

Superior electro-catalytic activity of a heterogeneous bi-metallic [Cu/Co(6mna)2]n MOF was established by synergistic effects between conductive [Cu2(6mna)(6mn)NH4]n with 2D (–Cu–S–)n planes and porous [Co2(6mna)2]n with helical (–Co–S–)n chains.
Understanding the anion disorder governing lithium distribution and diffusion in an argyrodite Li6PS5Cl solid electrolyte
Authors: Jeon Taegon , Cha Gyeong Ho , Jung Sung Chul
Published: December 2023

S/Cl anion disorder greatly enhances the stability and conductivity of Li6PS5Cl by inducing Li redistribution that enriches and depletes Li ions around S and Cl, respectively.
Zirconium-metal–organic framework@activated carbon composites for prevention of secondary emission of nerve agents
Authors: Perona Cristina , Borrego-Marin Emilio , Delgado Pedro , Vismara Rebecca , Maldonado Carmen R. , Barea Elisa , Bandosz Teresa J. , Navarro Jorge A. R.
Published: December 2023

We have studied the formation of core–shell hybrid metal–organic framework@activated carbon sphere (MOF@AC) adsorbents, by means of a layer-by-layer (LBL) growth method of MOFs on shaped AC materials.
A synergetic enhancement strategy of light utilization and carrier transfer for UV photodetection associated with artificial resonance nano-cavities
Authors: Cheng Zhenpeng , Li Zeping , Li Ming-Yu , Wen Xiaoyan , Ding Xumin , Xu Hao , Lee Jihoon , Lu Haifei , Liu Sisi
Published: December 2023

Light confinement can be significantly boosted with the artificial resonance nano-cavities between MXene nanosheets and distributed Bragg reflectors. The carrier separation and transfer processes are simultaneously enhanced by the construction of the electron pathway with those nanosheets.
A decellularized matrix enriched collagen microscaffold for a 3D in vitro liver model
Authors: De Shreemoyee , Vasudevan Ashwini , Tripathi Dinesh M. , Kaur Savneet , Singh Neetu
Published: December 2023

Schematic representing the development of different combiantions of alginate-decellularized matrix bases microscaffolds maintaing the functionality of either hepatocellular carcinoma cells or primary rat hepatocytes.
An NIR-II-photoresponsive CoSnO3 nanozyme for mild photothermally augmented nanocatalytic cancer therapy
Authors: Yan Lang , Shang Siyu , Hu Jinyan , Zhang Xiaofang , Chen Jikuai , Geng Bijiang , Zhao Yin , Zhu Jiangbo
Published: December 2023

CoSnO3 nanocubes were successfully synthesized to achieve complete tumor eradication through mild NIR-II photothermally enhanced nanocatalytic cancer therapy.
Fabrication of anti-freezing and self-healing nanocomposite hydrogels based on phytic acid and cellulose nanocrystals for high strain sensing applications
Authors: Yue Dongqi , Shi Shaoning , Chen Hou , Bai Liangjiu , Wang Wenxiang , Yang Huawei , Yang Lixia , Wei Donglei
Published: December 2023

An anti-freezing nanocomposite hydrogel with self-healing properties and conductivity was designed by introducing CNCs and PA. A flexible sensor based on the hydrogel has satisfactory sensitivity, stability, and durability at −15 °C.
Spontaneous formation of liquid-crystalline nuclei in blue-phase liquid crystals based on different chirality
Authors: Xu Xiaowan , Liu Yanjun , Luo Dan
Published: December 2023

The self-assembly of three-dimensional nanostructures of blue-phase liquid crystals is becoming the spotlight of soft matter research and has potential applications in photonic crystals, sensors, electro-optic devices, and others.
A review on conventional perovskite solar cells with organic dopant-free hole-transport materials: roles of chemical structures and interfacial materials in efficient devices
Authors: Li Wenhui , Zhao Wenning , Li Kairui , Han Xiuxun
Published: December 2023

Efficient conventional perovskite solar cells with organic dopant-free HTMs are collected. It is showed that both the chemical structure of HTMs and interfacial materials play significant roles in efficiency, and their effects are discussed.
Ultra-strength polyurethane/MOF-derived composites with self-healing and recycling capabilities and highly efficient microwave absorption properties
Authors: Zhang Wenhong , Li Kun , Han Liuwenlin , Wu Tianyu , Zhang Junying , Cheng Jue
Published: December 2023

The polyurethane/MOF-derived composites exhibited ultra-strength, self-healing and recycling capabilities and highly efficient microwave absorption properties.
Unravelling material properties of halide perovskites by combined microwave photoconductivity and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy
Authors: Kupfer Christian , Le Corre Vincent M. , Li Chaohui , Lüer Larry , Forberich Karen , Kato Masashi , Osvet Andres , Brabec Christoph J.
Published: December 2023

Simultaneous measurements of trPL and microwave photoconductivity facilitate a global fit of charge carrier density in perovskite materials. This enables the extraction of fundamental rate constants and the mobility ratio of electrons and holes.
Multi‐layer task scheduling and resource allocation schemes considering idle resource and task priority in IoT networks
Authors: Wang Suhong , Guo Wenhao , Sun Hongmin , Ren Junyu , Yan Ming , Hu Yongle , Qin Tuanfa
Published: December 2023

With more and more interconnected smart devices (ISDs) accessing the Internet of Things (IoT), massive and diverse tasks need to be transformed and computed. Mobile edge computing enables the offloading of tasks to nearby servers to enhance processing efficiency, which makes ISDs idle, causing resource waste and failing to satisfy the high real‐time requirements of tasks. Besides, when tasks with different priorities are processed in the order they are generated, it will be difficult for IoT to guarantee a timely response to high‐priority tasks. To address the aforementioned issues, we establish an edge‐terminal‐local architecture by software‐defined networking to centrally manage idle ISD resource (2ISDR). Then the proposed two‐step scheduling mechanism with preemptive priority queue ensures the real‐time responses to high‐priority tasks, and the minimum resource allocation coefficients make offloading effective. Finally, we also propose a modified NSGA‐III algorithm named MNSGA‐III, which is designed to make decisions about offloading and solve resource allocation for tasks, and we correct infeasible solutions by a two‐step correction function to ensure the feasibility of MNSGA‐III. Experimental results show that the method can ensure a timely response to high‐priority tasks and optimize processing time, energy consumption, and economic cost through the utilization of 2ISDR.
Coupling travel characteristics identifying and deep learning for demand forecasting on car‐hailing tourists: A case study of Beijing, China
Authors: Liu Zile , Liu Xiaobing , Wang Yun , Yan Xuedong
Published: December 2023

Online car‐hailing, with its advantages of convenience and efficiency, has quickly become popular among tourists, playing a crucial role in the accessibility of scenic spots. Due to the particularities of tourist travel behaviour and the complexity of travel supply and demand around scenic spots, research on car‐hailing tourists is relatively lacking at this stage. Based on multi‐source data, this study couples the identifying of travel characteristics, by introducing the concept of service dependency degree, with a Bayesian optimization–long short‐term memory–convolutional neural network (BO‐LSTM‐CNN) method to conduct multi‐task online car‐hailing demand forecasting. The evaluation of the dependency degree primarily encompasses the establishment of evaluation indices and the application of the entropy weight method and natural breakpoint method. The BO‐LSTM‐CNN model utilizes Bayesian optimization for hyperparameter tuning, LSTM for temporal variable processing, and CNN for the fusion of multi‐source information related to weather, space, and online car‐hailing attributes. Extracting online car‐hailing tourist travel orders based on spatial–temporal constraints, the proposed methods are applied to 72 scenic spots in Beijing, China. According to their dependency degree, Beijing's scenic spots are categorized into three levels of dependency on online car‐hailing services, from high to low. The outstanding forecasting efficacy of the proposed model for various scenic spots is verified through comparison tests with several benchmark models. Consequent to these findings, mobility service improvement strategies are specifically proposed for each class of scenic spots, which can provide valuable insights for the relevant tourism traffic management personnel.
A mixed parameter formulation with applications to linear viscoelastic slender structures
Authors: Hernández Erwin , Lepe Felipe , Vellojin Jesus
Published: December 2023

We present the analysis of an abstract parameter-dependent mixed variational formulation based on Volterra integrals of second kind. Adapting the classic mixed theory in the Volterra equations setting, we prove the well posedness of the resulting system. Stability and error estimates are derived, where all the estimates are uniform with respect to the perturbation parameter. We provide applications of the developed analysis for a viscoelastic Timoshenko beam and report numerical tests for this problem. We also comment, numerically, the performance of a viscoelastic Reissner–Mindlin plate.
Reliabilität und Validität des Lever Sign Tests bei Verdacht auf Band- und/oder Meniskus-Verletzung des Knies: ein Vergleich zwischen Orthopäde und Physiotherapeut
Authors: Cavelti David , Grehn Holger , Luomajoki Hannu
Published: December 2023

Einleitung Das Ziel dieser Studie war die Untersuchung der Intertester-Reliabilität und Validität des Lever Sign-Tests. Der Intertester-Reliabilität wurde in bisherigen Studiennoch wenig Beachtung geschenkt. Um Vergleiche mit anderen Studien ziehen zu können, wurde zusätzlich die Intertester-Reliabilität und Validität des Lachman- und Anterior Drawer-Tests berechnet.

Patienten/Material und Methoden Eingeschlossen wurden Patienten und Patientinnen zwischen 18 und 50 Jahren mit Verdacht auf Band- und/oder Meniskus-Verletzungen. Ausschlusskriterien waren Verdacht auf bösartige, systemische oder zentralneurologische Erkrankungen, akute Knorpelverletzungen, Verdacht auf Fraktur oder Kenntnis über den Kniebefund der Teilnehmenden. Die Tests wurden von einem erfahrenen Orthopäden und einem Physiotherapeuten randomisiert und verblindet durchgeführt. Für die Intertester-Reliabilität wurde der Cohen’s Kappa und für die Validität die Sensitivität und Spezifität, der Positiv und Negativ Prädiktive Wert und die Positive und Negative Likelihood ratio berechnet. Der MRI-Befund wurde als Goldstandard genutzt.

Ergebnisse Sechsunddreissig Patienten und Patientinnen wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Davon waren 27 männlich (75%) und 9 weiblich (25%). Die Prävalenz von vorderen Kreuzbandläsionen lag bei 44,4%. Der Cohen’s Kappa (κ) des Lever Sign-Tests lag bei κ=0,6 (KI 95% [0,29, 0,91]), beim Lachman-Test bei κ=0,64 (KI 95% [0,35, 0,93]) und beim Anterior Drawer-Test bei κ=0,63 (KI 95% [0,3, 0,95]). Die Sensitivität des Lever Sign-Tests war für den Orthopäden und Physiotherapeuten 0,53 und 0,40, die Spezifität 0,89 und 0,79, der Positiv Prädiktive Wert 0,80 und 0,60, der Negativ Prädiktive Wert 0,70 und 0,62, die Positive Likelihood ratio 4,80 und 1,90 und die Negative Likelihood ratio 0,76 und 0,53.

Schlussfolgerung Die geschätzte Intertester-Reliabilität des Lever Sign-Tests war gut. Der Lever Sign-Test eignet sich als Ergänzung zum Lachman-Test, der in der Literatur als validester Test angesehen wird. Die Schwächen und Unklarheiten des Funktionsmechanismus des Lever Sign-Tests dürfen nicht ignoriert werden und sollten weiter erforscht werden.
A novel dynamic cardiorespiratory coupling quantification method reveals the effect of aging on the autonomic nervous system
Authors: Li Jinfeng , Zhang Xianchao , Shi Wenbin , Yeh Chien-Hung
Published: December 2023

Traditional cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) based on the Fourier transform shares an inherent trade-off between temporal and frequency resolutions with fixed window designs. Therefore, a cross-wavelet cardiorespiratory coupling (CRC) method was developed to highlight interwave cardiorespiratory dynamics and applied to evaluate the age effect on the autonomic regulation of cardiorespiratory function. The cross-wavelet CRC visualization successfully reflected dynamic alignments between R-wave interval signal (RR intervals) and respiration. Strong and continuous CRC was shown if there was perfect temporal coordination between consecutive R waves and respiration, while CRC becomes weaker and intermittent without such coordination. Using real data collected on electrocardiogram (ECG) and respiratory signals, the heart rate variability (HRV) and CRC were calculated. Subsequently, comparisons were conducted between young and elderly individuals. Young individuals had significantly higher partial time and frequency HRV indices than elderly individuals, indicating stronger control of parasympathetic regulation. The overall coupling strength of the CRC of young individuals was higher than that of elderly individuals, especially in high-frequency power, which was significantly lower in the elderly group than in the young group, achieving better results than the HRV indices in terms of statistical significance. Further analyses of the time-frequency dynamics of CRC indices revealed that the coupling strength was consistently higher in the high-frequency (HF) band (0.15–0.4 Hz) in young participants compared to elderly individuals. The dynamic CRC between respiration and HRV indices was accessible by integrating the cross-wavelet spectrum and coherence. Young participants had a significantly higher level of CRC in the HF band, indicating that aging reduces vagus nerve modulation.
Complete chiroptical signal detection using weak measurement with intensity-contrast-ratio pointers
Authors: Wang Yunhan , Yang Shaojie , Zhang Qianli , Chen Yanyu , Hu Xiaolong , Zhang Hong , Zhang Zhiyou
Published: December 2023

Chiroptical signals, including optical rotation (OR) and circular dichroism (CD), are widely utilized as potent probes for investigating the structure and properties of chiral molecules. However, acquiring both coexisting weak OR and CD signals simultaneously in a single measurement process with a high precision remains a challenge for conventional setups. In this article, a high-precision yet easy-to-set-up method for simultaneous detection of OR and CD signals based on weak measurement is theoretically and experimentally demonstrated. In addition, the chiroptical signals are detected using two new intensity-contrast-ratio pointers, which provide an expanded measurement range compared with the shift of the mean value pointer. The proposed method has been validated through a spin Hall effect light based experiment, with precision reaching the order of 10−7 and 10−6 rad for the detection of OR and CD, respectively. These results may serve as a catalyst for further studies of fast, multi-parameter biosensing technologies with ultra-precision.
10.6% external quantum efficiency germicidal UV LEDs grown on thin highly conductive n-AlGaN
Authors: Wang Michael , Wu Feng , Yao Yifan , Zollner Christian , Iza Michael , Lam Michael , DenBaars Steven P. , Nakamura Shuji , Speck James S.
Published: December 2023

We report on the material challenges of the growth of highly conductive n-AlGaN in germicidal ultraviolet light emitting diodes (GUV LEDs), with the degradation of the surface morphology of thick highly doped n-AlGaN due to the Si anti-surfactant effect. Threading dislocation inclination, increasing relaxation, and eventual cracking were observed with epitaxial n-AlGaN films thicker than 400 nm, along with an increasing Ga composition with the same metalorganic flows. With the optimization of the n-AlGaN conductivity in previous works, thin n-AlGaN films with high conductivity along with a smoothing superlattice were incorporated in GUV LED devices, resulting in LEDs with 285 nm electroluminescence, a low forward voltage of 4.2 V with a peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 10.6% and a peak wall-plug efficiency of 8.6% below 1 A/cm2, and an EQE of 5.5% at 20 A/cm2.