bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS NILAI EKONOMI LIMBAH INDUSTRI KELAPA SAWIT DI PT. SANDABI INDAH LESTARI KABUPATEN BENGKULU UTARA)
Authors: Afiffah Shofaul , Sriyoto . , Sumantri Bambang
Published: April 2018

Solid and liquid waste from PT. Sandabi Indah Lestari only do the management and utilization. The Company not count the economic value of waste produced. If the company counting and know about the economic value of waste, so the company will know advantage which ought to be accepted by PT. SIL. This research aim to identify kind and form of waste, and also counting and analysis economic value of waste yielded by PT. SIL. Analysis method the use is descriptive analysis for first aim and quantitative descriptive for second aim. Based on the research result, solid waste the yielded is empty fruits bunch, fiber, shell and solid. Liquid waste consist of condensate and sludge oil. The form and benefit from each yielded waste different each other. Total economic value of waste yielded by PT. SIL is Rp 518.140.954,47/month. The mentioned mean that the waste of yielded by PT. SIL have economic value and than the company getting of benefit, that is the company getting income from waste is Rp 518.140.954,47/month. Keywords: solid waste, liquid waste, economic value of waste
ANALISIS TINGKAT KEPUASAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PELAYANAN USAHA BENIH PADI CIGEULIS
Authors: Patimah Siti , Priyono Basuki Sigit , Rasyid Witman
Published: April 2018

This research was conducted in Kepahiang District, Bengkulu Province which had been held from April 29, 2015 until May 29, 2015. The purposes of this study were (1). To determine level of service quality rice seed Cigeulis in BBIPP, (2). To determine level of Satisfaction of consumers to services rice seed Cigeulis. The method used for the service is a method Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) and the level of satisfaction using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). From the CSI service Cigeulis rice seed in the district Kepahiang Bengkulu province amounted to 80,35% of this index is on a scale satisfied. Keywords: Performance, IPA, CSI
KAJIAN SISTEM AGRIBISNIS UBI KAYU PADA KELOMPOK TANI SUNGAI SUCI DI DESA PASAR PEDATI KECAMATAN PONDOK KELAPA KABUPATEN BENGKULU TENGAH
Authors: Siallagan Yesco Christmas , Asriani Putri Suci , Andani Apri
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study are identifying the types and the role of the subsystems of production facilities in the agribusiness system cassava managed by Farmer Group of Sungai Suci, subsystem farming analyzed in agribusiness system cassava managed by Farmers Group in Sungai Suci, analyze subsystem agroindustry in the agribusiness system managed by Farmer Group in Sungai Suci, analyze marketing subsystem in cassava agribusiness system managed by Farmers Group in Sungai Suci, identifying the types and subsystems supporting role in the system of cassava agribusiness managed by Farmer Group in Sungai Suci.The determination location methode is purposive. Respondents determination in this study using census methode in the Sungai Suci Farmer Group. Data collected was primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, farming analysis, agroindustry analysis, and marketing channels analysis.The result showed that Cassava farm incomes on average per ha in one growing season is the real income is Rp 18.681.033, unriil revenue is Rp 12.626.045 Cassava agroindustry every month have the income namely: from the farmers directly to agroindustrial Cassava Farmers Sungai Suci and from farmers to collectors village level and then to the consumer artisans cassava processing while the processed agroindustrial cassava there are three grooves, namely: mocaf flour processing Rp 1.707.500,- Rengginang Rp.1.650.693-, and Rp.2.513.400 chips. Flow marketing of cassava includes two strands, namely: from the farmers directly to agroindustrial Cassava Farmers Sungai Suci and from farmers to collectors village level and then to the consumer artisans cassava processing while the processed agroindustry cassava there are three grooves, namely: from farmer groups to consumers artisan cakes and households, the second from farmer groups to household consumers, and a third of farmers' groups to a merchant retailers and then to consumers. Subsystems supporting role in agribusiness systems of cassava in the Sungai Suci Farmers Group is Women Farmers Sungai Suci and the Government cooperation. Keywords: agribusiness, cassava, farmer group
PENDAPATAN DAN NILAI TAMBAH USAHA KOPI BUBUK ROBUSTA DI KABUPATEN LEBONG
Authors: Reswita .
Published: April 2018

Robusta coffee is one of the largest plantation crops in Lebong. To increase the economic value of coffee is to do further processing into products that can be consumed directly. Processing can increase the value-added products, increase the shelf life, and increase profits. The purpose of this study was to determine the income and value-added business processing rice coffee into the ground coffee in the coffee business in the district Rice Powder Cap North Labong Lebong. Operating revenues rice processing coffee into the ground coffee in the coffee business Cap Rice Rp. 4,266,080.18 in one production process. Value added processing businesses into the ground coffee coffee rice Rp. 10346.67 / kg with added value ratio of 32.08% in one production process.   Keywords: Robusta coffee, value added analysis
ANALISIS DAYA SAING USAHA PEMBESARAN IKAN NILA PETANI PEMODAL KECIL DI KABUPATEN MUSI RAWAS
Authors: Ningsih Very Yarda , Asriani Putri Suci , Sriyoto .
Published: April 2018

This research was done to investigate whether tilapia growers has business competitiveness both in competitive and comparative. This study aimed to analyze the competitive advantage, comparative advantage, the impact of government policies on output and input. Effect of output and input changing based on a sensitivity analysis on the competitiveness of tilapia fish rearing business, the level of tilapia grower business competitiveness between small farmers in Musi Rawas regency. The respondent was determined by purposive method deliberately carried out in accordance with the criteria set by the researcher. The respondents was conducted by using proportionate stratified random sampling. This study used the primary data and secondary data. The result of Pam Method shows that a small farmers of tilapia enlargement at musi rawas regency has competitive advantage with PCR < 1 by 0,55.  It also has comparativeadvantage with DRCR < 0,37.  The goverment policies toward  tradadable input produkction were in the form of subsidies.  Based of sensitivity analysis the enlargemen of tilapia will be lost if tilapia production decrease 10%, the price of tilapia it self decrease 5,5% and if the feed price increase 7%. Keywords: small farmers, competitive, comparative, sensitivity
PERILAKU DAN LOYALITAS KONSUMEN MADU DI KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Selmi Selmi , Asriani Putri Suci , Saepuddin Rustama
Published: April 2018

Indonesia with a current population of nearly 240 million people, is the 4th largest population in the world need quite a lot of honey. The research objective was to analyze customer characteristics honey based group of consumers, identify the attributes of honey products that affect on purchase decisions, analyze consumer behavior and customer loyalty to honey, analyze the marketing mix right is based on the analysis of consumer behavior and consumer perception of the local honey product, and formulate strategies marketing of honey in the city of Bengkulu. Determining the location of the research conducted on honey outlets in the city of Bengkulu, the selection was conducted intentionally (purposive).The location of this study were at 8 stores/outlets of honey and herbs as well as a fairly large supermarket, honey outlets which was set as the study site. Data collection was done during the months of June-August 2015. The number of respondents in this study was 96. The data collected in this research were primary and secondary data that being collected to obtain the study aims to analysis of consumer behavior is processed using Importance Performance Analysis (IPA), and analysis of loyalty consumer using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI). The method results Importance Performance Analysisis based on Cartesian diagram shows that there is one attribute that is considered important and is the main priority in determining customer satisfaction. The attribute was the special price for every purchase at a time/day/month special like, Ramadhan, Eid and other interest consumen calculation. Based Satisfaction Index, the level of consumer satisfaction reached 71.30% honey. The calculation results show that in general consumers of honey was categorized satisfied (0.61 <CSI ? 0.80).Keyword: Consumer behavior and loyality, Honey, Bengkulu.
TANTANGAN PENGEMBANGAN PADI DIKABUPATEN KEPULAUAN MENTAWAI
Authors: Azhari Rafnel , Rusman Bujang , Kasim Musliar , Syarif Auzar , Reflinaldon Reflinaldon , Yasin Syafrimen , Zainal Afrizal , Junaidi Junaidi
Published: April 2018

This study aims to identify the problems and develop rice agribusiness in Mentawai Islands from upstream to downstream and formulate appropriate policy recommendations to be implemented. The research location determined by purposive namely in the village Makalo and Malakopa District of South Pagai, Sikakap subdistrict Taikako Village, Village Saumanganya District of North Pagai, Bosua Village and Village Beriulou District of South Sipora, Village Rogdog and Madobag District of South Siberut. Respondents in this study were 30 farmers. Respondents farmers selected by simple random sampling method. The results showed that the majority of rice paddies new openings in six districts consist of peatlands with a depth varying from 0.4- > 2.0 meter, fields new openings that have been implemented in the Mentawai Islands in general can not be expected to result in maximum productivity due to problems of land suitability diverse. Farmers also do not take action appropriate technical culture starting from land preparation, seed selection, weeding, fertilizing and water management. Behaviorally agriculture, farmers in Mentawai Islands is not a society that blends with the culture of rice fields, it is because basically their agricultural base is dry land agriculture with farming patterns. This will certainly give a great challenge and not easy for the cultivation of rice in the Mentawai Islands.Keywords:challenge,rice agribusiness, cultivation of rice
PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT OF "SAHABAT" COFFEE INDUSTRY IN LUBUKLINGGAU: APPLICATION OF BALANCED SCORECARD (BSC)
Authors: Aspriyati Wiwik , Andani Apri , Sukiyono Ketut
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this research is firstly to measure the company performance of Ground Coffee Sahabat viewed from the perspective of finance, customers, internal business processes, learning and growth. Second to recommend strategies that should be applied in the future. The method used is Balanced Scorecard (BSC), by measuring equally financially and non-financially, divided into four perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, learning and growth. The results showed that the company performance of Ground Coffee Sahabat based on financial perspective is good with the number of score 4, the perspective of the customer category good with the number of score 1, internal business process perspective in the category of good with a score of 5, and learning and growth perspective also in good category with score 1. Overall the performance of this company can be said good with the overall weighting value of 0.7 and is on the scale of business "good". In the future strategy recommendations, the company further improves financial performance in generating profits, increasing sales, providing better service to customers, expanding the marketing area, expanding the form of cooperation with suppliers, increasing production numbers, better able to retain employees, and improve employee productivity. Keywords: Corporate Performance, Balanced Scorecard (BSC), Strategy
THE RESILIENCE OF FISHERMEN’S FAMILY STRUCTURE: A CASE STUDY OF FAMILY FISHERMEN'S RESPONSE TO CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS IN PASAR BAWAH BEACH SOUTH BENGKULU
Authors: Hasibuan Febrina , Widiono Septri , Badruddin Redy
Published: April 2018

A study in addresing the resilience of the family structure of fishermen to the impacts of climate change was necessary in the context survival strategy of fishermen family. This research was conducted in the beach of Pasar Bawah, Pasar Manna South Bengkulu by using the case study strategy. Primary data was collected by in-deepth interviewing some key informant and participant observation some specific location.The research found that the impact of climate change experienced by fishermen were a tidal wave, a change in wind direction, extreme weather, the shifting seasons and shifting fishing area. The vulnerability of fishermen community were seen from the level of exposure, the sensitivity and adaptability. This vulnerability affected the family structure of fishermen so that they have to take action in order to survive and able to achieve resilience family. But the impact of climate change did not affected the family structure became disturb. The structure of family such as differentiation of roles, allocation of economic, political allocation, allocation allocation solidarity andintegration were functional.Keywords: climate change, vulnerability, social resilience, sociology of family,fisherman
ANALYSIS OF FISH CONSUMPTION PATTERNS IN BENGKULU CITY
Authors: Aprianto . , Nusril . , Sriyoto .
Published: April 2018

This study aims to determine the pattern of fish consumption and to analyze factors that affect of it in Bengkulu City. This research was carried out from13 October 2015 until 17 May 2016. The method used to determine the pattern of fish consumption was descriptive method, and the method used to analyze the factors which affect the consumption of fish was multiple linear regression method with Ordinary Least Square (OLS). Based on the results of the study, fish consumption patterns in Bengkulu City was influenced by education and household income, the higher education and household income, the higher the amount of fish consumption and the quality of the fish consumed, the average of household consumption was 15.006 kg / month with the amount of consumption of marine fish is 62.81%, higher than the amount of consumption of freshwater fish (37.19%), and the proportion of expenditure for fish consumption was 16%. Age, family size, household income, price of Nile Tilapia and prices of goods substitution (chicken) affected the rate of consumption of Nile Tilapia significantly, while education variable did not affect the level of consumption of Nile Tilapia significantly. Age, Chub Mackerel prices and the prices of goods substitution (chicken) affected the consumption of Chub Mackerel significantly, while the variables of education, family size, and income did not affect the level of Chub Mackerel consumption in Bengkulu City. Keywords: Consumption, Consumption Patterns, Fish, Household, Bengkulu City
ANALISIS PERMINT AAN A YAM POTONG (BROILER) OLEH PEOAGANG PENGECER DAN TINGKA T KONSUMSI RUMAH TANGGA TERHAOAP DAGING AYAM POTONG 01 KOTA BENGKULU
Authors: Purwoko Agus , Romdon M Mustopa , Subagio .
Published: April 2018

The objectives  of this research  were to analyze  factors  influencing  broiler meat demanded  by retailers   and  households.    The  research   was  conducted   at  Pasar  Minggu,     Bengkulu   city.   Two sampling  methods  were used,i.e,  Simple  Random  Sampling  for selecting  29 retailers  and Accidental Sampling  for selecting  58 households   (two  households   for each  retailer).  Multiple  regression  model which then estimated  with OLS was applied  in estimating  the objectives.   Results  showed  that factors partially   influencing   retailer'  demand  for broiler  meat  were  broiler  price  at producers/distributors     (X3) and  capital  (X6), while  broiler  meat  price  at  consumers   (X4) and  plastic  bag  price  (X5) were  not significant   factors.    At  household   level,    family  members   (X2), total  familiy  income  (X3) and  broiler meat  price  (X4) were  significantly   influencing  households  to consume  broiler  meat,  while  household education  ataianment   (X1), domestic  chicken  (buras)   meat price  (X5), tempe  price  (X6) and gold  fish price  (X7) were not. Key word:  retailers,  households,  and demand of broiler meat.
A LITERATURE REVIEW ON SUPPLY RESPONSE OF PARENNIAL CROPS
Authors: Sukiyono Ketut
Published: April 2018

Artikel  ini mencoba  mereview  Iiteratur yang  berkaitan  dengan  teori suplai,  khususnya  yang berkaitan dengan aplikasi teori respon penawaran  pada tanaman perkebunan.   Pada bagian pertama akan  dibahas  teari penawaran  statis yang  dilanjutkan  dengan  penawaran  dinamis.   Aplikasi  model respon  penawaran   pada  berbagai    tanaman  perkebunan   dibahas  pada  bagian  ketiga  tulisan  ini. Survai   artikel   literatur   in;  menujukkan   adanya   berbagai   model   sup/a;  penawaran   yang   dapat digunakan pada berbagai komoditi  tanaman tahunan. Kata Kunci: reSpon  penawaran,  tanaman  tahunan.
PROFIL SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN EKOLOGI TIGA KOMUNITAS TRANSMIGRASI DI KAWASAN TOLIWANG HALMAHERA UTARA PASCA KONFLlK
Authors: Widiono Septri
Published: April 2018

The article describes community map by using socio-economic and ecological profile method in three communities at  Toliwang, Halmahera Utara post-conflict. Based on the research, it  was concluded that ecological capital have main potentially while social, money, physical and human capital need strengthening by assistance. The running of community empowerment has to be based on  participatory  and  sustainability  principal  so that  the  conflict  potential  sources  should  be considered. They involve local power relation, ethnic and'religion  different, institutional aspect, and land tenure.Keyword: community mapping
ANALISIS PERAMALAN DAN PERMINTAAN KREDIT SEKTOR PERTANIAN PADA PT.BRI (PERSERO) UNIT KEPAHIANG I
Authors: Badrudin Redy , Sumantri Bambang , Cecilia Meiliza
Published: April 2018

The study  was aimed to Know   growth and forecast the amount of demand for agricultural sector credit at PT. BRI (Persero) Unit Kepahiang I, and (2) examine factors influencing for agricultural sector credit. Data  was secondary data from 1993  up to 2003. Ratio  to Moving Average Method, Double Exponential Smoothing with moved period 3 monthly and regression function of Non Doubled Linear were used. Results of research indicates that growth of demand for agricultural credit at PT. SRI (Persero) Unit Kepahiang I tend to fluctuate. Forecasting of demand for agricultural sector creditb to period quarterly at 2003 till 2004, tend   to have experience decreasing significantly compare to previous period. Overall of factors influencing demand of agricultural sector is rate of interest level (X1), price level (X2), and agriculture product exchange rate (X3), while earning level (X4) does not have an effect on demand Key Words: BRI, Forecasting, demand for credits,agricultura/s , sectors
Hope Alive for Adolescents with Perinatally acquired HIV
Authors: Enimil Anthony
Published: April 2018

Adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV seem to be most stigmatized. There is a need to put together policies to enable them cope with the burden and live fruitful lives. In Ghana, a group of activities and rewards are being put in place to aid in helping these teens cope with the stigma.
Educational Ceiling in a Rural Tamang Community in Nepal: An Ethnographic Study
Authors: Acharya Laxman
Published: April 2018

This research study conducted in a rural Tamang community of Nepal aims to explore the real dynamics behind school dropout. The school drop-out is an act of stopping children from going to school after a couple of years of school attainment. A qualitative approach with ethnographic method was adopted to study the school dropout phenomenon. Data were collected over a prolonged stay where observations, in-depth interviews, interactions with research participants and focus group discussions (FGDs) were major data collection tool to understand this phenomenon more closely and to interpret it in relation to culture of the Tamang community. This research claims that various factors related to school, household, parents and children themselves revealed by earlier research studies as cause of school dropout are simply the enabling factors, which in combine, construct a more abstract dynamics, i.e. educational ceiling. The educational ceiling refers to the minimum level of education the people think that they must attain in their life. Actually, this dynamics guides individuals in evaluating the relevance of education in their lives and to take the decision of dropout accordingly. This finding was explored from the cultural artifices of the Tamang community and their way of setting their educational ceiling, employing the inter-actionist approach. This study implies that the scope of the dropout issue is beyond the education system. As and when these individual and society's contexts change, the educational ceiling of individual also changes and, thus, the dropout scenario changes accordingly. Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural StudiesVol. 14 (Joint issue) (1&2), 2017, Page: 43-55
Caste-based Discrimination in Schooling: A Narrative Inquiry
Authors: Bishwakarma Lila Bahadur
Published: April 2018

This paper based on my MPhil dissertation which attempts to exemplify the way of caste-based discrimination practices around schools premises. The Dalit teachers who underwent various forms of such discrimination practices in their school life at different places of Dhading District are the narrated life hi/stories while pledging narrative inquiry. The method was developed with interpretive research paradigm as narratives had immeasurable potentialities to construct meaning of socio-cultural situatedenss of Dalits’ lives and caste-based schooling approach. I, as narrative inquirer, affirmed Freirean perspective to get insight on the nature of Dalit discrimination at school and the way they cope with it. Due to discrimination, there would be high rate of irregularity and dropout even still there is. However, at this context due to various reasons and efforts flexibility (improvement) is being taken places against caste-based discrimination at school in the name of inclusivity, encounters aged-long concept of social exclusion, in present days. It is, perhaps, because of transformative educational approach for a few decades. Transformative education is one of the best means to address Dalit issue with the advocacy of equality and equity. It is significant green signal of transforming ranked society into democratic one. Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural StudiesVol. 14 (Joint issue) (1&2), 2017, Page: 56-62
Direction and Effectiveness of Trade Policy Reform: A Case Study of Indo-Nepal Trade Development
Authors: Shah R. K.
Published: April 2018

This paper intends to assess direction and effectiveness of trade policy of Nepal by studying Trade Development between India and Nepal. It follows the comparative method based on the correlation and the simple logarithmic regression model between two-policy implication period: Import Intensive Trade Policy and State led imports intensive Trade Policy (1985-1994) and Export Intensive Trade Policy under Liberalization Regime (1995-2009). This study is based on the secondary data of trade published by the government agency including Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ministry of Finance (MoF), Trade Promotion Center, World Bank, Asian Development Bank. Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural StudiesVol. 14 (Joint issue) (1&2), 2017, Page: 74-79
Rural Womens' Access to Community Finance
Authors: Kharel Suman
Published: April 2018

This study explained access of women in community finance and its impact on their household economy. To the end, 140 community finance groups of Phulwari Village was regarded as case of the study and purposively selected 66 households were unit of analysis. Under case study methodology, descriptive/explanatory research design was used to analyze collected data. The study found that out of total 140 community finance groups, 92 were women led, 6 men led and 42 were jointly led by men and women. And from 66 sample households women are involved in 154 financial groups. The numbers of members in one financial group ranges from 9 to 296 at the time of establishment. A total amount NRs 22 million is saved from financial groups. The natures of groups are mostly unregistered, led by women, small amount of saving and dominated by Brahmin and Chhetri. Community finance has increased saving habit of the members and led them more access to credit facilities. Women are socio-economically and politically empowered due to the impact of community finance. They are participating in community work, becoming self-employed and supported to household economy. The status of the family has been improved. Finally, the study found that, level of education, labour migration, saving/credit and training opportunities are the motivational factors for involving women in community finance.Nepalese Journal of Development and Rural StudiesVol. 14 (Joint issue) (1&2), 2017, Page: 112-123
PENERAPAN METODE HOUGH LINE TRANSFORM UNTUK MENDETEKSI PINTU RUANGAN MENGGUNAKAN KAMERA
Authors: Muharom Syahri
Published: April 2018

Kamera sering digunakan untuk mengenali suatu benda dalam bidang pandang kamera. Pintu adalah salah satu bagian terpenting dari suatu ruangan, dimana pintu adalah akses keluar dam masuknya seseorang dalam ruangan tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini kamera difungsikan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan pintu sebuah ruangan. Proses untuk pendeteksian pintu adalah dengan pengenalan ciri-ciri dari pintu ruangan, citra pintu yang di capture kamera diubah menjadi citra gray, dengan edge detection citra menjadi bentuk biner, dan hough-transform. Dari hasil pengolahan citra menggunkan hough-transform, citra menjadi pola garis-garis pada bagian bingkai pintu, garis-garis inilah yang dijadikan parameter dalam mendeteksi pintu ruangan. Sistem dapat mendeteksi pintu dengan nilai rata-rata 81.3%, dimana nilai luminasi sangat mempengaruhi pendeteksian pintu ruangan. Dengan nilai liminasi kurang dari 120 dan lebih dari 350, tingkat akurasi sistem sebesar 73.3%, dan dengan nilai luminasi 224-230, tingkat akurasi sistem sebesar 93.3%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai luminasi sangat mempengaruhi dalam pengenalan pintu ruangan, dan nilai luminasi sebesar 120-349 dengan nilai keberhasilan sebesar 80-93.3%.
Philanthropy and Education in Scotland
Authors: Paterson Lindsay
Published: April 2018

Philanthropic contributions to education have become more publicly visible in recent years, in Scotland as in many other places. Yet philanthropy used to be much more important to Scottish education than it is now. Funding from the state, from individual students, or from non-philanthropic commercial contracts remain far larger than any kind of charitable donation. The essay considers why people – now and in the past – have been inclined to make philanthropic contributions, and what would be required for there to be a truly substantial increase in philanthropy.
Nb-Modified Ce/Ti Oxide Catalyst for the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3 at Low Temperature
Authors: Mosrati Jawaher , Atia Hanan , Eckelt Reinhard , Lund Henrik , Agostini Giovanni , Bentrup Ursula , Rockstroh Nils , Keller Sonja , Armbruster Udo , Mhamdi Mourad
Published: April 2018

Recently, great attention has been paid to Ceria-based materials for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with NH3 owing to their unique redox, oxygen storage, and acid-base properties. Two series of bimetallic catalysts issued from Titania modified by Ce and Nb were prepared by the one-step sol-gel method (SG) and by the sol-gel route followed by impregnation (WI). The resulting core-shell and bulk catalysts were tested in NH3-SCR of NOx. The impregnated Nb5/Ce40/Ti100 (WI) catalyst displayed 95% NOx conversion at 200 °C (GHSV = 60,000 mL·g−1·h−1, 1000 ppm NOx, 1000 ppm NH3, 5% O2/He) without forming N2O. The catalysts were characterized by various methods including ICP-OES, N2-physisorption, XRD, Raman, NH3-TPD, DRIFTS, XPS, and H2-TPR. The results showed that the introduction of Nb decreases the surface area and strengthens the surface acidity. This behavior can be explained by the strong interaction between Ceria and Titania which generates Ce-O-Ti units, as well as a high concentration of amorphous or highly dispersed Niobia. This should be the reason for the excellent performance of the catalyst prepared by the sol-gel method followed by impregnation. Furthermore, Nb5/Ce40/Ti100 (WI) has the largest NH3 adsorption capacity, which is helpful to promote the NH3-SCR reaction. The long-term stability and the effect of H2O on the catalysts were also evaluated.
The Effects of Changing Climate and Market Conditions on Crop Yield and Acreage Allocation in Nepal
Authors: Acharya Ram N.
Published: April 2018

This study examines the impact of changing climate and product market conditions on crop yield and land allocations in Nepal. Zellner’s seemingly unrelated regression approach is used to estimate the acreage and yield functions. The potential impact of price endogeneity on estimated parameters is corrected using an instrumental variable method. The results show that farm input prices and output prices play a crucial role in determining acreage allocation. While the variation in daily temperature during planting season affects acreage allocations for all crops except wheat, the total precipitation is critical for upland crops, particularly for millet. Literacy rate and the number of rainy days significantly affect yield for most crops. Moreover, the rising winter warming is enhancing wheat and potato yields. The results also show that a ten percent decrease in the number of rainy days during the growing season is likely to reduce yields for rice, maize, and wheat by 4.8, 1.7, and 0.8 percent, respectively.
Electricity Purchase Optimization Decision Based on Data Mining and Bayesian Game
Authors: Gao Yajing , Zhou Xiaojie , Ren Jiafeng , Zhao Zheng , Xue Fushen
Published: April 2018

The openness of the electricity retail market results in the power retailers facing fierce competition in the market. This article aims to analyze the electricity purchase optimization decision-making of each power retailer with the background of the big data era. First, in order to guide the power retailer to make a purchase of electricity, this paper considers the users’ historical electricity consumption data and a comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, then uses the wavelet neural network (WNN) model based on “meteorological similarity day (MSD)” to forecast the user load demand. Second, in order to guide the quotation of the power retailer, this paper considers the multiple factors affecting the electricity price to cluster the sample set, and establishes a Genetic algorithm- back propagation (GA-BP) neural network model based on fuzzy clustering (FC) to predict the short-term market clearing price (MCP). Thirdly, based on Sealed-bid Auction (SA) in game theory, a Bayesian Game Model (BGM) of the power retailer’s bidding strategy is constructed, and the optimal bidding strategy is obtained by obtaining the Bayesian Nash Equilibrium (BNE) under different probability distributions. Finally, a practical example is proposed to prove that the model and method can provide an effective reference for the decision-making optimization of the sales company.
Assessment of Energy Production Potential from Tidal Stream Currents in Morocco
Authors: Nachtane Mourad , Tarfaoui Mostapha , Hilmi Karim , Saifaoui Dennoun , El Moumen Ahmed
Published: April 2018

Energy extracted from the ocean can provide a source of regular and foreseeable electrical production at higher energy densities than any other renewable energy resource. The marine current resource is potentially great and is focused in several sites around the world. The knowledge of the energy potential, its constraints and availability are all prerequisites to determine the possibilities for the implementation of infrastructure to produce energy. They are also required to anticipate the structuring of energy routes and to respond to increasing technological needs. Several Moroccan regions want to take advantage by their coastal domain and play a role in the development of the tidal energy sector. They also want to benefit from the associated economic advantages knowing that the Mediterranean coast length is 550 km and the Atlantic length is 3000 km, respectively. The Copernicus Marine Service ocean products provide key input for such technologies, as they can be employed to help evaluate the accessible ocean energy devices and choose the most attractive sites to exploit the tidal energy projects in Morocco. The goal of this research was to evaluate and analyze the tidal marine current resource at the sites which are potentially suitable for the installation of Horizontal Axis Marine Current Turbines in Morocco. Distributions of available power of tidal energy in the Moroccan region are provided, and three possible areas are suggested for installing tidal energy conversion systems.
The Effect of Continuous Monitoring of Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on the Number of Visits to Medical Specialists and Hospitalization: a Retrospective Study
Authors: Kalda Ruth , Vastra Katrin
Published: April 2018

Objective. The aim of the study was to determine whether the implementation of the quality system (QS) in primary healthcare made the care of chronically ill patients in family practice more consistent and reduced the load in specialized medical care. Material and Methods. A quantitative retrospective cohort study using the database of the Es- tonian Health Insurance Fund was provided. Patients with diagnosed essential hypertension (HYP) and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) formed the study group. If the family physician met the criteria for the monitoring of patients with DM2 and HYP set in the QS, the result was defined as positive. The number of disease-specific hospitalizations, the length of hospital stay, and the num- ber of visits to family physicians and medical specialists due to HYP or DM2 in 2005-2008 were evaluated. Results. Chronically ill patients (DM2 and HYP) in the lists of family physicians with a posi- tive QS result were 1.26 times more likely (95% CI, 1.25-1.28) to be continuously monitored than those in the lists of family physicians with a negative QS result. The 2 coexisting chronic diseases (DM2 and HYP) increased the chance of being continuously monitored and increased the number of visits. The chance of being monitored by a medical specialist alone was reduced if the family phy- sician participated in the QS (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.64-0.69) and had a rural practice (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.51-0.55) and if the patient was a woman and older and had a diagnosis of HYP alone. The participation of family physicians in the QS reduced the hospitalization risk (OR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.88-0.94) as well as the number of hospitalizations for the patients with HYP (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.87-0.99). Conclusions. The implementation of the QS in primary healthcare reduces the load in specialized medical care. A more detailed analysis of the effect of the QS on the workload and the organization of family practice as well as on the patients' morbidity and satisfaction could be done in the near future.
Effect of Process Parameters on Fatigue and Fracture Behavior of Al-Cu-Mg Alloy after Creep Aging
Authors: Zhan Lihua , Wu Xintong , Wang Xun , Yang Youliang , Liu Guiming , Xu Yongqian
Published: April 2018

A set of creep aging tests at different aging temperatures and stress levels were carried out for Al-Cu-Mg alloy, and the effects of creep aging on strength and fatigue fracture behavior were studied through tensile tests and fatigue crack propagation tests. The microstructures were further analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that temperature and stress can obviously affect the creep behavior, mechanical properties, and fatigue life of Al-Cu-Mg alloy. As the aging temperature increases, the fatigue life of alloy first increases, and then decreases. The microstructure also displays a transition from the Guinier-Preston-Bagaryatsky (GPB) zones to the precipitation of S phase in the grain interior. However, the precipitation phases grow up and become coarse at excessive temperatures. Increasing stress can narrow the precipitation-free zone (PFZ) at the grain boundary and improve the fatigue life, but overhigh stress can produce the opposite result. In summary, the fatigue life of Al-Cu-Mg alloy can be improved by fine-dispersive precipitation phases and a narrow PFZ in a suitable creep aging process.
L’innovation technologique face au changement climatique : quelle est la position de la France ?
Authors: Ménière Yann , Glachant Matthieu , Dechezleprêtre Antoine , Pot Cécile , Carrère Fabrice , Le Blanc Gilles
Published: April 2018

Technological Innovation and Climate Change : Where Does France Stand ?

We analyse France’s position on global warming mitigation technology. The methodology draws on a database describing all patents filed between 1980 and 2008 in 17 climate-related technological classes. France is the fifth largest innovator in theworld, with 5.2% of patented inventions, including 20% from the public sector. More than half of French inventions are protected abroad, 1.5 times more than the global average. France’s position is relativelyweak in renewable energy, and strong in sectorsmarked by the presence of national industrial champions and public research organisations.
Les comportements vis-à-vis de la fraude fiscale et de la fraude sociale diffèrent-ils ? Une expérience menée en Belgique, en France et aux Pays-Bas
Authors: Lefèbvre Mathieu , Pestieau Pierre , Riedl Arno , Villeval Marie-Claire
Published: April 2018

Cet article compare les comportements vis-à-vis de la fraude fiscale et de la fraude sociale à l’aide d’une expérience de laboratoire réalisée avec quatre échantillons de participants : des Belges flamands, des Belgeswallons, desNéerlandais et des Français. Les gains monétaires espérés de la fraude sont identiques pour les deux types de fraude. Toutefois, les résultats montrent que (i) la fraude sociale est plus fréquente que la fraude fiscale ; (ii) de nombreux individus choisissent une occupation se prêtant à la fraude sans pour autant frauder ; (iii) la fraude fiscale est plus fréquente chez les participants français et néerlandais que chez les participants belges ; les participants flamands ne fraudent pas plus le fisc que les participants wallons.
On the design principles of peptide–drug conjugates for targeted drug delivery to the malignant tumor site
Authors: Vrettos Eirinaios I , Mező Gábor , Tzakos Andreas G
Published: April 2018

Cancer is the second leading cause of death affecting nearly one in two people, and the appearance of new cases is projected to rise by >70% by 2030. To effectively combat the menace of cancer, a variety of strategies have been exploited. Among them, the development of peptide–drug conjugates (PDCs) is considered as an inextricable part of this armamentarium and is continuously explored as a viable approach to target malignant tumors. The general architecture of PDCs consists of three building blocks: the tumor-homing peptide, the cytotoxic agent and the biodegradable connecting linker. The aim of the current review is to provide a spherical perspective on the basic principles governing PDCs, as also the methodology to construct them. We aim to offer basic and integral knowledge on the rational design towards the construction of PDCs through analyzing each building block, as also to highlight the overall progress of this rapidly growing field. Therefore, we focus on several intriguing examples from the recent literature, including important PDCs that have progressed to phase III clinical trials. Last, we address possible difficulties that may emerge during the synthesis of PDCs, as also report ways to overcome them.
Can Winds Driven by Active Galactic Nuclei Account for the Extragalactic Gamma-Ray and Neutrino Backgrounds?
Authors: Liu Ruo-Yu , Murase Kohta , Inoue Susumu , Ge Chong , Wang Xiang-Yu
Published: April 2018

Various observations are revealing the widespread occurrence of fast and powerful winds in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that are distinct from relativistic jets, likely launched from accretion disks and interacting strongly with the gas of their host galaxies. During the interaction, strong shocks are expected to form that can accelerate nonthermal particles to high energies. Such winds have been suggested to be responsible for a large fraction of the observed extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) and the diffuse neutrino background, via the decay of neutral and charged pions generated in inelastic pp collisions between protons accelerated by the forward shock and the ambient gas. However, previous studies did not properly account for processes such as adiabatic losses that may reduce the gamma-ray and neutrino fluxes significantly. We evaluate the production of gamma rays and neutrinos by AGN-driven winds in detail by modeling their hydrodynamic and thermal evolution, including the effects of their two-temperature structure. We find that they can only account for less than ∼30% of the EGB flux, as otherwise the model would violate the independent upper limit derived from the diffuse isotropic gamma-ray background. If the neutrino spectral index is steep with Γ ≳ 2.2, a severe tension with the isotropic gamma-ray background would arise as long as the winds contribute more than 20% of the IceCube neutrino flux in the 10–100 TeV range. At energies ≳ 100 TeV, we find that the IceCube neutrino flux may still be accountable by AGN-driven winds if the spectral index is as small as Γ ∼ 2.0–2.1.
Amphibians and reptiles of the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states
Authors: Lemos-Espinal Julio A. , Smith Geoffrey R. , Woolrich-Piña Guillermo A.
Published: April 2018

A summary of the species of amphibians and reptiles of the state has been compiled, including their geographic distributions, habitats, and conservation statuses. The herpetofauna of San Luis Potosí consists of 41 species of amphibians and 141 species of reptiles. San Luis Potosí shares the highest number of species with Hidalgo and Tamaulipas, and the least number of species with Nuevo León. In San Luis Potosí, there are several taxa of particular conservation concern including salamanders, emydid and trionychid turtles, anguid and xenosaurid lizards, and natricid and colubrid snakes.
Les problèmes méthodologiques de la mesure des impacts économiques locaux des universités
Authors: Kotosz Balázs , Gaunard-Anderson Marie-France , Lukovics Miklós
Published: April 2018

L’impact économique local d’une institution d’enseignement supérieure comme une université est une question qui a été largement abordée dans la littérature. L’étude d’impact économique est devenue également un outil standard utilisé à faire prendre conscience les États de l’importance des dépenses dans l’enseignement supérieur. La définition la plus générale est « la différence entre l’activité économique existant dans une région dans le cas de la présence de l’institution et le niveau d’activité qui aurait été présent si l’institution n’existait pas. » Dans la pratique, il y a une série des problèmes importants : la séparation de l’effet net et brut, l’identification des missions de l’université, le choix de l’échelle territoriale, le choix du modèle statistique, l’estimation des impacts induits et catalytiques, etc . Après l’introduction théorique des problèmes méthodologiques, une analyse comparative de l’Université de Szeged (Hongrie) et de l’Université de Lorraine (France) sera présentée. Une analyse des limites est aussi esquissée. Classification JEL : H44, I23, I25, R12, R53
Efficacy of Bacillus coagulans Unique IS2 in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome in children: a double blind, randomised placebo controlled study
Authors: Sudha M. Ratna , Jayanthi N. , Aasin M. , Dhanashri R.D. , Anirudh T.
Published: April 2018

The efficacy of the probiotic strain, Bacillus coagulans Unique IS2 in the treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) was evaluated in children. A total of 141 children of either sex in the age group 4-12 years, diagnosed with IBS according to the Rome III criteria, participated in the double-blind randomised controlled trial. Children received either B. coagulans Unique IS2 chewable tablets or placebo once daily for eight weeks followed by a two week follow-up period. Reduction in pain intensity as well as other symptoms associated with Irritable Bowel Syndrome like abdominal discomfort, bloating, distension, sense of incomplete evacuation, straining at stool, urgency of bowel movement, passage of gas and mucus, and bowel habit satisfaction were assessed. B. coagulans Unique IS2 treated group showed a greater reduction in pain scores as evaluated by a weekly pain intensity scale. There was a significant reduction (P<0.0001) in pain intensity in the probiotic treated group (7.6±0.98) as compared to the placebo group (4.2±1.41) by the end of the treatment period (8 weeks). There was also a significant improvement in stool consistency as well as reduction in abdominal discomfort, bloating, staining, urgency, incomplete evacuation and passage of gas. Bowel habit satisfaction and global assessment of relief was also observed in the B. coagulans Unique IS2 treated group as compared to the placebo group. This study demonstrates the efficacy of B. coagulans Unique IS2 in reducing the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in children in the age group of 4-12 years.
The application of in vitro human intestinal models on the screening and development of pre- and probiotics
Authors: Pham V.T. , Mohajeri M.H.
Published: April 2018

The importance of the gut microbiota community on host’s health and disease has long been recognised and is well documented. The development of pro- and prebiotic interventions offers an opportunity for the modulation of the gut microbiota towards long lasting health. In vitro fermentation models were developed as a powerful tool to study the impact of pro- and prebiotics on the gut microbiota under tightly controlled conditions, which allow dynamic sampling over time in reactors mimicking different colon regions. These models have been further evolved to suit specific experimental purposes, e.g. including immobilised faecal microbiota, peristaltic movement, mucin microcosm and the ability to perform treatments in parallel. In this review we discuss the advantages, disadvantages and technical considerations of the most frequently used models. We further focus on recent advances in the application of these models in prebiotics and probiotics research and outline their predictability for clinical research.
Health Monitoring and Diagnosis of Equipment Based on Multi-sensor Fusion
Authors: Yao Xuemei , Li Shaobo , Yao Yong , Xie Xiaoting
Published: April 2018

As the information measured by a single sensor cannot reflect the real situation of mechanical devices completely, a multi-sensor data fusion based on evidence theory is introduced. Evidence theory has the advantage of dealing with uncertain information. However, it produces unreasonable conclusions when the evidence conflicts. An improved fusion method is proposed to solve this problem. Basic probability assignment of evidence is corrected according to evidence and sensor weights, and an optimal fusion algorithm is selected by comparing an introduced threshold and a conflict factor. The effectiveness and practicability of the algorithm are tested by simulating the monitoring and diagnosis of rolling bearings. The result shows that the method has better robustness.