bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Doing Feminism on the Street: Culture, Media, Perspectives and Neo-Gender Groups in Ghana
Authors: Nrenzah Genevieve
Published: December 2021

This study examines a debate that sparked a national conversation between two divergent women’s groups in Ghana—Pepper Dem Ministries (PDM) and Sugar Dem Ghana (SDG). Before reporting findings from taking their discourses on the definition of a woman to the streets of Madina and Legon, the paper briefly summarizes feminist perspectives in the West and notes homogeneity and heterogeneity of women’s experiences around the globe. It zooms in on feminism in Africa and Ghana, examining the definition of a woman in traditional Ghanaian culture, popular music, literature, knowledge production, media, and religion. The author argues that there are multiple feminisms with relatively contextual variations in defining a woman, yet all geared towards making society masculine as the debate revolves around patriarchy, i.e., “peppering” and “sugaring” men at the expense of focus on women. Findings indicate that PDM and SDG neo-feminist groups diverge fundamentally in the primary focus of their activism. They also differ in their commitment to advocating for all women by prioritizing an intersectional approach in their engagement. Participants from the Madina Market and the University of Ghana at Legon supported both groups. For some PDM seems too “strong” and is tagged as Western in orientation and elitist as educated folks mainly support it. In contrast, a mixed-bag of the participants appear to accept SDG. Pro-SDG supporters consider their model as the norm in Ghana. Keywords: Neo-feminism, gender roles, Africa, Ghana, culture, perspectives
Çalışanlara göre İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren özel havayolları şirketlerinde inovatif uygulamaların rekabet gücüne etkisi
Authors: KONYALILAR Nil
Published: December 2021

Bu araştırmada İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren özel havayolu işletmelerinin inovasyon uygulamalarının işletme rekabet gücüne etkisi, çalışanların algısına göre incelenmektedir. Araştırmada inovatif uygulamaları ve rekabet gücünü açıklamaya yönelik ölçekler kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklem grubu İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren havayolu işletmelerinde çalışan personellerden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın amacı doğrultusunda kolayda örneklem yöntemiyle 415 personelden anket formu kullanılarak veri toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler SPSS ve Amos istatistik programları kullanılarak analize tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırmada kullanılan ölçekler Amos istatistik programı aracılığıyla yapısal eşitlik modelinde analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar incelendiğinde, ürün, süreç ve pazarlama inovasyonlarının içsel ve küresel rekabet gücü algısını pozitif yönde anlamlı olarak etkilediği görülmüştür. Diğer yandan strateji inovasyonu, çalışanlara göre işletmelerin içsel ve küresel rekabet gücünü pozitif yönde anlamlı bir şekilde etkilememektedir.
İnanç turizmi etkinlikleri kapsamında bir değerlendirme: Cadılar bayramı
Authors: ÇAM Oğuz , ÇELİK Cengiz
Published: December 2021

Dünya üzerinde pek çok yerde kutlanılan Cadılar Bayramı, ekonomiye kayda değer katkılar sağlamaktadır. Cadılar Bayramı, inanç etkinlikleri ve aktiviteleri içerisinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. İnsanlar, Cadılar Bayramı zamanında birbirlerine şakalar yapmakta, korkunç hikâyeler anlatmakta, evlerini ve/veya sokaklarını süslemekte, çeşitli etkinlik, aktivite ve organizasyonlar gerçekleştirmekte, türlü seyahatlere katılmaktadırlar. Din, inanç, kültür ve benzeri gibi kavramların Cadılar Bayramı’nın kutlanmasında önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğu, insanların genellikle bu kavramları göz önünde bulundurarak kararlar aldıkları ve bu şekilde hareket ettikleri düşünülmektedir. İnanç turizminin temel noktasında inanç ögesi bulunmaktadır. İnanç ögesi, turistlerin turistik etkinlik ve aktivitelere katılmaları ya da katılmamaları konusunda oldukça belirleyici, yönlendirici ve etkilidir. Bu çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesindeki amaç, Cadılar Bayramı’nı inanç turizmi kapsamında değerlendirerek bu bayramın turistik potansiyelini gözler önüne sermek ve önemini vurgulamaktır. Bu çalışma, hem inanç hem de turizm kavramları açısından önemli olan Cadılar Bayramı’na dikkat çekmek ve Cadılar Bayramı’nın etki alanının ne denli geniş olduğunu gözler önüne sermek açısından önem arz etmekte olup, inanç turizmi yönüyle ilgili literatürdeki önemli bir boşluğu gidermektedir. Söz konusu çalışma, derleme bir çalışmadır. Sonuç olarak, Cadılar Bayramı’nın inanç turizmi konusunda büyük bir potansiyeli ve önemi vardır ve Cadılar Bayramı, insanların kişisel - sosyal bakış açılarına göre farklı anlamlar taşıyabilmektedir.
Holding Companies Responsible? The Criminal Liability of Australian Corporations for Extraterritorial Human Rights Violations
Authors: Ivory Radha , John Anna
Published: December 2021

Allegations of extraterritorial corporate misconduct illustrate the global dimensions of Australia’s challenge to implement the United Nations (‘UN’) Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (‘Guiding Principles’).In the mid-1990s, companies in the BHP Billiton group faced claims that they had polluted a river in Papua New Guinea, thereby causing damage to the customary lands and livelihoods of Indigenous Peoples.Less than a decade later, the Australian Federal Police commenced a criminal investigation against an Australian-Canadian joint venture for alleged support of government violence in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The Treatment of Australian Children in Detention: A Human Rights Law Analysis of Media Coverage in the Wake of Abuses at the Don Dale Detention Centre
Authors: Fitz-Gibbon Kate
Published: December 2021

In July 2016 harrowing images of a child being forcibly restrained in Don Dale Youth Detention Centre in Australia’s Northern Territory shone a national spotlight on the conditions experienced by some young persons in custody. The subsequent Royal Commission provides an important opportunity for an independent body with expansive powers to examine the human rights violations that some youth experience in detention. This article examines Australian media coverage of the Don Dale incidents to question whether an international human rights law perspective was embraced and the degree to which such a perspective offers a useful vantage point for understanding and responding to the abuses at Don Dale. The article concludes that the international human rights framework provides a valuable perspective for communicating the gravity of the treatment of young people in detention and from which the Federal Government can draw to ensure an effective response to the violations committed.
The Judicial Individuality of Lord Sumption
Authors: Lee James
Published: December 2021

This article offers a perspective from the United Kingdom (‘UK’) on the position of an individual judge, in order to illuminate the dynamics of judging on a final court of appeal. My aim is to examine the jurisprudence of Lord Sumption, a Justice of the United Kingdom Supreme Court (‘UKSC’). We shall see that, on precedent, Lord Sumption JSC’s view is essentially a conservative one, which perhaps ties into his Lordship’s views on judicial self-restraint more broadly. By ‘conservative’ in this context, I mean cautious about change, rather than any grander political claim.
Misfortune or Misdeed: An Empirical Study of Public Attitudes Towards Personal Bankruptcy
Authors: Ali Paul , O’Brien Lucinda , Ramsay Ian
Published: December 2021

While the field of bankruptcy scholarship is well established, there has so far been very little scholarly investigation of the social context in which bankruptcy occurs. Scholars, politicians and other commentators tend to discuss this subject under the rubric of ‘bankruptcy stigma’. Yet these discussions generally draw upon interviews with debtors, or other indirect indicators of public opinion, such as newspaper articles. They are seldom based upon surveys or interviews with members of the public.
The Constitutional Duty to Give Reasons for Judicial Decisions
Authors: Beck Luke
Published: December 2021

The obligation of judicial officers to provide reasons for their decisions has been described by Sir Anthony Mason, a former Chief Justice of the High Court, as an element of the broader ‘culture of justification’ that exists in modern democracies. While there is an increasing international scholarly literature examining the duty to give reasons for judicial decisions, the Australian scholarly literature is far less developed.
What Do Trial Judges Cite? Evidence from the New South Wales District Court
Authors: Smyth Russell
Published: December 2021

This article examines the citation practice of the New South Wales District Court, using all decisions reported on AustLII/Caselaw NSW decided between 2005 and 2016. This study is the first to examine the citation practice of an ‘inferior’ trial court. The study suggests some important differences between the citation practice of the New South Wales District Court and what existing studies have found about the citation practice of superior courts in Australia. The proportion of citations to decisions of the High Court and New South Wales Court of Appeal is higher than in the superior courts. The proportion of citations to the Court’s own previous decisions are lower than in the superior courts. The proportion of coordinate citations to courts in other states at the same level in the judicial hierarchy are extremely small. The Court cites fewer secondary sources than is the case in the appellate courts.
Regulating Supermarkets: The Competition for Space
Authors: Arup Christopher , Beaton-Wells Caron , Paul-Taylor Jo
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the case for a proposed competition policy law reform. If implemented, the reform would roll back land-use planning regulation, so that supermarket businesses have greater freedom to regulate privately where and with what format they site their stores. With planning regulation reduced, the check on this greater freedom to site will be competition regulation; this regulation should also be light touch. Competition policy continues to insist that we shall be better off if public regulation defers to the market and private regulation.
The Legalities of Revoking University Degrees for Misconduct: Recommendations for Australian Universities
Authors: Levine Pnina , Evans Michelle
Published: December 2021

The revocation of university degrees, whilst once unheard of, has been increasingly employed by Australian universities in the wake of high-profile cheating scandals. Yet, to date, there is only one reported Australian case, Re La Trobe University; Ex Parte Hazan in which a student has challenged a university’s decision to revoke a degree. However, this case does not comprehensively address the legal issues surrounding decisions to revoke degrees. This paper therefore seeks to provide Australian universities with some clarity with respect to these issues, elucidating the source of the power of universities to revoke degrees, and the circumstances in which this power can be exercised. It does so through a review of English and United States case law, an analysis of accepted Australian administrative law principles, and an examination of university legislation in Australia.
Using Parliamentary Materials in Interpretation: Insights from Parliamentary Process
Authors: Dharmananda Jacinta
Published: December 2021

It is orthodoxy in Australia that when interpreting statutory text, attention turns to the words ‘in context’. This context is taken to include extrinsic context, including extrinsic materials. Parliamentary materials represent a significant category of such extrinsic matter. These are materials produced as part of the enactment of the statute in Parliament, such as second reading speeches, explanatory memoranda, and committee reports. But although readers of statutes regularly refer to parliamentary materials and attribute weight to them for the interpretative task, most readers know little about them. This article examines parliamentary materials for federal legislation. The aim of this examination is to highlight factors that may be considered when assessing such materials as interpretative aids. The article reflects preliminary research done as part of a wider research project on the relationship between the legislative process and statutory interpretation.
Women Judges, Private Lives: (In)visibilities in Fact and Fiction
Authors: Thornton Margaret , Roberts Heather
Published: December 2021

Throughout the Western intellectual tradition, the separation of public and private life has been ubiquitous.[footnote* See, eg, Jeff Weintraub and Krishan Kumar (eds), Public and Private in Thought and Practice: Perspectives on a Grand Dichotomy (University of Chicago Press, 1997); Margaret Thornton (ed), Public and Private: Feminist Legal Debates (Oxford University Press, 1995); Ruth Gavison, ‘Feminism and the Public/Private Distinction’ (1992) 45 Stanford Law Review 1; S I Benn and G F Gaus (eds), Public and Private in Social Life (Croom Helm, 1983); Frances E Olsen, ‘The Family and the Market: A Study of Ideology and Legal Reform’ (1983) 96 Harvard Law Review 1497.] Although the line of demarcation changes according to time and circumstance, the conjunction of the public sphere with the masculine and the private sphere with the feminine has remained a constant in political thought.
Negotiating a Treaty on Business and Human Rights: The Early Stages
Authors: Rivera Humberto Cantu
Published: December 2021

The idea of subjecting corporations to some sort of international obligation, particularly in the field of human rights, is not new; different processes and ways of doing this have been debated since the 1970s, when a proposed all-encompassing Code of Conduct for Transnational Corporations was pushed through the ranks of the United Nations (‘UN’) Commission on Transnational Corporations
‘The Big Chill’? A Comparative Analysis of Effects-Based Tests for Misuse of Market Power
Authors: Kemp Katharine
Published: December 2021

In March 2016, the Prime Minister made the controversial announcement that the Cabinet would move to amend the prohibition of misuse of market power in section 46(1) of the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth) (‘CCA’) to incorporate an ‘effects test’, consistent with the recommendations of the Competition Policy Review Panel (‘Harper Panel’).
Divided Performance of Patented Methods in Australia: A Call to Codify Procured Infringement
Authors: Liddicoat Johnathon E
Published: December 2021

The US case Akamai Technologies Inc v Limelight Networks Inc brought the patent world’s attention to the issue of if and how a patentee may enforce a method claim against a competitor who performs some of the steps in the method but leaves other steps to be performed by arms-length clients – a scenario known as divided performance. The case raised the possibility that divided performance effectively enables a competitor to use a patented method – yet avoid infringement. This article finds that no Australian patent infringement mechanism clearly creates liability for divided performance; however, it also reveals that the seldom invoked, common law mechanism known as procured infringement plausibly does. As a result, this article argues that procured infringement should be codified in the Patents Act 1990 (Cth) to resolve ambiguity surrounding whether it creates liability, thereby generating certainty for the myriad stakeholders who use the patent system.
From Individual Judge to Judicial Bureaucracy: The Emergence of Judicial Councils and the Changing Nature of Judicial Accountability in Court Administration
Authors: Bunjevac Tin
Published: December 2021

Over the last 20 years, courts in Australia and many developed countries have experienced an exponential increase in the number and complexity of cases coming before them, which was also accompanied by increasing public expectations regarding the cost, timeliness, quality and accessibility of justice. Judges have found themselves under increasing pressure from politicians, prosecutors, lawyers, the media and other stakeholders to share the burden of cost-cutting in the public sector and deliver more justice in less time and for less money.
Disclosable, but not Necessarily Fatal? Welfare Overpayments in the Uncertain Landscape of Fitness for Practice
Authors: Thomas Mark
Published: December 2021

Recently, media reports and a Senate Inquiry raised the issue of widespread errors by Centrelink in sending out µdebt recovery’ letters to recipients of social security benefits alleging overpayments. Even in the absence of automated systems, overpayments arise under a wide range of circumstances in relation to welfare benefits accessed by students either before or during the course of study, ranging from administrative errors by Centrelink to calculated fraud by the recipient. Most overpayments exist against a background of financial hardship or troubled personal circumstances.
When Interpretation Acts Require Interpretation: Purposive Statutory Interpretation and Criminal Liability in Queensland
Authors: Duffy James , O’Brien John
Published: December 2021

When interpreting words or construing provisions in an Act of Parliament, the context in which the words appear and the purpose of the Act can be used to ascertain meaning. The catchcry of text, context and purpose has become a repeated moniker for the High Court of Australia’s µmodern approach’ to statutory interpretation. In this context, the thought of removing either text, context or purpose as a primary factor to be considered when divining meaning seems unfathomable.
Flexibility in Decision-Making: An Assessment of the Australian Takeovers Panel
Authors: Armson Emma
Published: December 2021

The Australian Takeovers Panel (‘the Panel’) became the primary forum for resolving takeover disputes in the context of corporate law on 13 March 2000. This resulted from the implementation of the reforms in the Corporate Law Economic Reform Program Act 1999 (Cth) (‘CLERP reforms’). In replacing the previous role of the courts with the Panel, the CLERP reforms sought to inject legal and commercial specialist expertise into takeover dispute resolution, provide ‘speed, informality and uniformity’ in decision-making, minimise ‘tactical litigation’ and free up court resources.
Empty Rituals or Workable Models? Towards a Business and Human Rights Treaty
Authors: Ford Jolyon , O'Brien Claire Methven
Published: December 2021

Within the still-emerging field of business and human rights (‘BHR’), the question of whether a treaty is required in order meaningfully to address BHR ‘governance gaps’ is one that is attracting renewed advocacy, commentary and diplomatic activity. By contrast, when the United Nations (‘UN’) Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (‘UNGPs’) were first adopted in 2011, the balance of opinion amongst duty-bearers appears to have been that this issue should be set aside.
Voting Rights and Australian Local Democracy
Authors: Goss Ryan
Published: December 2021

Section 256 of the Local Government Act 1993 (Tas) is a curious provision. It indicates that, at any given election for a municipal area in Tasmania, any given voter µhas no more than 2 votes’. This provision is designed to facilitate a franchise based partly on property qualifications, and in which plural voting is explicitly allowed. It may seem extraordinary, in the 21st century, that such a franchise may be found in Australian law. But Tasmania is not an outlier. Indeed, in five of Australia’s six states, local government franchises include property qualifications, votes for corporations, and various forms of plural voting.
Legal Responses to Non-Consensual Smartphone Recordings in the Context of Domestic and Family Violence
Authors: Douglas Heather , Burdon Mark
Published: December 2021

The increasingly ubiquitous use of smartphones is further complicating the legal response to domestic and family violence (‘DFV’). Perpetrators can now use smartphone recording facilities to record private conversations and activities of their (ex-)partners. Such behaviour may be a criminal offence of breach of a domestic and family violence protection order or stalking. On the other hand, those who have experienced DFV can record perpetrators and use the recordings in legal proceedings. The use of non-consensual smartphone recordings as evidence in DFV related cases is increasing and courts must determine when recordings are admissible. A key factor in making such determinations is whether the recording contravenes state-based criminal laws and listening and surveillance devices law. Drawing on reported experiences of the use of smartphone recordings in the context of DFV we show why further consideration and legal reform is needed if the law is to keep pace with this issue.
Hail to the Chief! The Roles and Leadership of Australian Chief Justices as Evidenced in Extra-Curial Activity 1964–2017
Authors: Lindsay Katherine , Tomkins David
Published: December 2021

In this article we seek to address in combination two of the themes suggested for this thematic issue of the journal. The first is the theme of Chief Justices and judicial leadership. The second is the theme of extra curial activity, including writing, speaking, broadcasting and interviews.
The Role of Committees in Rights Protection in Federal and State Parliaments in Australia
Authors: Grenfell Laura , Moulds Sarah
Published: December 2021

This article offers a snapshot of how Australian parliamentary committees scrutinise Bills for their rights-compliance in circumstances where the political stakes are high and the rights impacts strong. It tests the assumption that parliamentary models of rights protection are inherently flawed when it comes to Bills directed at electorally unpopular groups such as bikies and terrorists by analysing how parliamentary committees have scrutinised rights-limiting anti-bikie Bills and counter-terrorism Bills. Through these case studies a more nuanced picture emerges, with evidence that, in the right circumstances, parliamentary scrutiny of ‘law and order’ can have a discernible rights-enhancing impact. The article argues that when parliamentary committees engage external stakeholders they can contribute to the development of an emerging culture of rights-scrutiny. While this emerging culture may not yet work to prevent serious intrusions into individual rights, at the federal level there are signs it may at least be capable of moderating these intrusions.
The Innovative Magistrate and Legitimacy: Lessons for a Mobile ‘Solution-Focused’ Model
Authors: Murray Sarah , Tulich Tamara , Blagg Harry
Published: December 2021

Australian magistrates face many challenges in their work: heaving courtrooms, unrelenting court lists and cases involving a complex web of legally-knotted psychosocial issues. Innovative practices by a magistrate – creative ways of engaging with defendants, partnering with support services, and novel sentencing methods – can become essential for courtroom survival. Such methods may represent a challenge to the legitimacy, expectations and traditional practice of the wider court of which that magistrate forms a part. However, a failure to seek new solutions can risk the court losing its relevancy.
Victim Impact Statements and Sentencing Homicide Offenders: A Critical Analysis of Recent Changes to the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 (NSW)
Authors: Booth Tracey
Published: December 2021

The use of victim impact statements (‘VISs’) from family victims in homicide matters, particularly as evidence of aggravating factors, is contentious in NSW courts. Until July 2014, the law prevented VISs influencing penalties imposed on homicide offenders (Previtera). However, the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 was amended in 2014 in order to overrule Previtera and enable VISs to ‘count’ in sentencing homicide offenders. This article draws on a case study of 39 homicide sentencing judgments, July 2014–April 2017, to determine whether, and if so the extent to which, the new law has changed the role of VISs from family victims in sentencing. It also considers the practical implications of these findings for future family victims and argues that not only has the new law made little practical difference to the use of VISs in homicide matters, but there are also potential adverse consequences for family victims in the sentencing process.
Orchestration from Below? Trade Unions in the Global South, Transnational Business and Efforts to Orchestrate Continuous Improvement in Non-state Regulatory Initiatives
Authors: Rennie Sarah , Connor Tim , Delaney Annie , Marshall Shelley
Published: December 2021

This article is centrally concerned with the mechanisms and processes through which human rights in transnational business practices can be respected and remedied when breached, with a particular focus on workers’ rights in global garment supply chains. The United Nations (‘UN’) Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (‘UNGPs’) represent a high-level attempt to provide a normative framework for these issues.
Parliamentary Deliberation on Constitutional Limits in the Legislative Process
Authors: Appleby Gabrielle , Olijnyk Anna
Published: December 2021

Like the other branches of government, parliaments are ‘responsible constitutional agent[s]’. They play a formative part ‘in expressing and pursuing’ constitutional government. A dimension of this agency is that parliaments, and more specifically parliamentarians, have a responsibility to consider whether proposed laws overstep the constitutional boundaries of their powers.[3] When, as is the wont of constitutional principles, the relevant limits are uncertain, the task of deliberating about constitutional validity can be challenging. Difficulties increase when a proposed law is an innovative attempt to respond to emerging problems at the edge of doctrine espoused in previous constitutional decisions.
Beyond Recognition: Lessons from Chile for Allocating Indigenous Water Rights in Australia
Authors: Macpherson Elizabeth
Published: December 2021

Australian water law frameworks, which authorise water use, have historically excluded indigenous people. Indigenous land now exceeds 30 per cent of the total land in Australia. Yet indigenous water use rights are estimated at less than 0.01 per cent of total Australian water allocations. In the limited situations where water law frameworks have engaged with indigenous interests, they typically conceive of such interests as falling outside of the ‘consumptive pool’ of water applicable to commercial uses associated with activities on land such as irrigation, agriculture, industry or tourism.
Addressing ‘Loss of Identity’ in the Joint Judgment: Searching for ‘The Individual Judge’ in the Joint Judgments of the Mason Court
Authors: Partovi Andisheh , Smyth Russell , Zukerman Ingrid , Valente Joseph
Published: December 2021

There has been a spate of recent articles by current, and former, judges in Australia debating the relative merits of joint and separate judgments.[footnote* See, eg, Justice Dyson Heydon, ‘Threats to Judicial Independence: The Enemy Within’ (2013) 129 Law Quarterly Review 205; Sir Anthony Mason, ‘Reflections on the High Court: Its Judges and Judgments’ (2013) 37 Australian Bar Review 102; Peter Heerey, ‘The Judicial Herd: Seduced by Suave Glittering Phrases?’ (2013) 87 Australian Law Journal 460; Justice Stephen Gageler, ‘Why Write Judgments?’ (2014) 36 Sydney Law Review 189; Justice Susan Kiefel, ‘The Individual Judge’ (2014) 88 Australian Law Journal 554. For a summary of the alternative views expressed in these offerings see Andrew Lynch, ‘Keep Your Distance: Independence, Individualism and Decision-Making on Multi Member Courts’ in Rebecca Ananian-Welsh and Jonathan Crowe (eds), Judicial Independence in Australia – Contemporary Challenges, Future Directions (Federation Press, 2016) 156.] One of the arguments against joint judgments is that they entail the loss of individual voice and due recognition for the development of the law.
Evaluation of mango seed kernel and pineapple peels as carbon sources for microbial protease production
Authors: Gimba Yaya Abubakar , Shittu Oluwatosin Kudirat , Abubakar Abdulkadir , Egbako Alhassan Hussaini
Published: December 2021

Proteolytic enzymes are ubiquitous in occurrence and find multiple applications in various industrial sectors. Although there are many microbial sources available for producing proteases, only a few are recognized as commercial producers. Utilization and recycling of renewable resources that pose threat to the environment can be systematically carried out to bring about resource productivity needed to make human activity sustainable. In the present study, we evaluated the phytochemical, antimicrobial, and protease production ability of mango seed kernel and pineapple peels. The proximate compositions and antimicrobial analysis of Mango seed kernel and pineapple peels were evaluated using standard protocols. We evaluated the protease production of Bacillus megaterium using the mango seed kernel and pineapple peels as the carbon sources. Our results revealed that mango seed kernel has low moisture, ash and crude fibre content but has high oil and crude protein content while pineapple peels have high moisture and fibre content but low in ash, crude protein and oil content. Mango seed extract also demonstrated antimicrobial activities against B. subtilis, less sensitive to B. megaterium and no activity against A. niger. However, the pineapple peel extracted is highly sensitive to B. subtilis and S aureus but demonstrated no activity against P. aeroginosa and A niger. The B. megaterium exhibited higher protease production ability when mango seed kernel was used as a carbon source at all tested concentrations. In conclusion, the information obtained from proximate and antimicrobial analysis of mango seed kernel and pineapple peels serves as a guide for the possible utilization as carbon sources for microbial enzyme production. Thus, both pineapple peel and mango seed kernel can be bio-remediated when used as carbon sources for protease production.
Efektifitas Skema Graduasi Program Keluarga Harapan : Studi Pada Keluarga Penerima Manfaat di Kota Jambi
Authors: Wediawati Besse , Jamal Jamal , Machpuddin Asep , Ratnawati RTS , Syarif Agus
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap kualitas Program Keluarga Harapan dengan menilai pelaksanaan skema graduasi Program yang selama ini tingkat graduasinya tidak sesuai target. Analisis efektifitas menggunakan pendekatan holistic dimana pada studi studi sebelumnya dilakukan parsial. Objek penelitian ini adalah keluarga penerima manfaat yang telah masuk kategori peserta graduasi alamiah dan memiliki masalah kesejahteraan sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif metode survey. Data kuantitatif dikumpulkan menggunakan kuisioner dan data kualitatif dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam kepada stakeholder relevan. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan Partial least square dan analisis kualitatif menggunakan deskriptif naratif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan program keluarga harapan melalui lima komponennya mempengaruhi tingkat graduasi KPM PKH. Namun komponen pemberdayaan yang merupakan salah satu komponen penting pendorong graduasi belum berada pada kategori baik
Neutrosophic Perspective of Neutrosophic Probability Distributions and its Application
Authors:   Department of Mathematcs, Hindustan Institute of Technology Science, Chennai-603 103, India, Lathamaheswari M. ,   Regional Center for the Professions of Education and Training, Casablanca-Settat, Morocco,   Laboratory of Information processing, Faculty of Science Ben M’Sik, University Hassan II, B.P 7955, Sidi Othman, Casablanca, Morocco,   Research Scholar, Department of Mathematcs, Hindustan Institute of Technology Science, Chennai-603 103, India, Broumi Said , Smarandache Florentin , Sudha S.
Published: December 2021

Neutrosophical probability is concerned with inequitable and defective topics and processes. This is a subset of Neutrosophic measures that includes a prediction of an event (as opposed to indeterminacy) as well as a prediction of some unpredictability. When there is no such thing as a non-stochastic occurrence, the Neutrosophic probability is the probability of determining a stochastic process. It is a generalisation of classical probability, which states that the probability of correctly predicting an occurrence is zero. Until now, neutrosophic probability distributions have been derived directly from conventional statistical distributions, with fewer contributions to the determination of the for statistical distribution. We introduced the Poission distribution as a limiting case of the Binomial distribution for the first time in this study, and we also proposed Neutrosophic Exponential Distribution and Uniform Distribution for the first time. With numerical examples, the validity and soundness of the proposed notions were also tested.
The Effect of Building Closures due to COVID 19 on the Perceptions and Practices of School Counselors
Authors: Nadelson Louis S. , Couture Valerie G. , Oyeniyi Odunola
Published: December 2021

With school buildings shuttering due to COVID-19, school counselors’ work needed to shift to virtual environments. The shift in operations led us to wonder about school counselors’ perceptions and practices in these new and unfamiliar conditions. In our mixed-methods cross-sectional study, we gathered quantitative and qualitative data from 89 school counselors. Our findings include evidence of the counselors feeling disconnected from their students, lack of technology and student access, privacy issues, limited preparation to counsel in virtual environments, and work and life balance. We follow our results with a discussion, related implications, and directions for future research.
Differences between Tempos of Step Error and Postural Sway in the Stipulated Tempo Step Test for Children and Their Relationships
Authors: Aoki Hiroki , Demura Shin-ichi , Takahashi Kenji , Hirai Hiroshi
Published: December 2021

Recently, to evaluate dynamic balance ability, a stipulated tempo step test has been developed, and a step error between tempo and contact time of feet has been used as an evaluation variable. The step error, postural sway, and their relationships may differ between the slow tempo (40 bpm) and fast tempo (120 bpm). This study aimed to examine the aforementioned problem with 62 participant children (30 boys and 32 girls). The step error and postural sway variables (X-axis path length, Y-axis path length, total path length, peripheral area, and rectangular area) during stepping while matching both tempos were measured. Means of one minute and three intervals (0–20 sec, 20–40 sec, and 40–60 sec) for each variable were calculated in both tempos. The results of the paired t-test showed that means of all variables were larger in the 40 bpm tempo than in the 120 bpm tempo. In the multiple comparison tests after the results of the two-way repeated measures ANOVA, the means of three intervals in all variables were larger in the 40 bpm tempo than in the 120 bpm tempo; the means of the sway variables, excluding that of the X-axis path length, in the 40 bpm tempo were larger in the 0–20 sec interval than in the 20–40 sec interval or the 40–60 sec interval. Correlations between step errors and those between the step error and sway variables of both tempos were insignificant or under moderation. The correlations between the step error and sway variables in both tempos were insignificant or significant but low, and those among sway variables were high, except between the X- and Y-axis path lengths. The relationship between both axis path lengths differed according to the tempo. In conclusion, in the case of the stipulated tempo step test targeting children, the slow tempo has a greater step error and postural sway than the fast tempo, and the sway in the early step stage is greater in the slow tempo. The relationships between step errors and between the step error and sway variables of both tempos are low; hence, the ability related to the test may differ in both tempos. The relationships among sway variables in both tempos are high, except between the X- and Y-axis path lengths.
Analyzing Existing and Targeted Culture Typologies in the Light of the Strategy Document in Foundation Universities: The Case of A Foundation University
Authors: Samur Serdar , Üsküplü Merve
Published: December 2021

Universities are multi-cultural, complicated, social education organizations. The presence of academic and administrative employees at these organizations might result in cultural differentiation, which is influenced by changing environmental conditions and social change dynamics. The purpose of this research is to determine the foundation university's dominant current and targeted cultural typologies using a foundation university as an example and to compare them to the university's target culture typology based on an analysis of the university strategy document. This comparison will aid in defining the perspectives of the organization's members through the concept of culture to achieve the university's strategic goals. Also, the examination of the strategy document, mission, the vision of the university and at the same time questioning the organization members’ opinions about this topic fills a hole in the literature in terms of observing two sides of the coin; “rulers” and “ruled”. In addition, we need to start to gain knowledge about foundation universities’ organizational culture because we already know that cultural awareness is crucial for an organization lifetime and this knowledge comes from the analyses of it. Among the different approaches used throughout the world to define organizational culture, Cameron and Quinn's "Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument in Competing Values Framework" was employed in the study. This research was conducted with a multi-modal methodological approach by using both quantitative and qualitative methods together with the questionnaire and document analysis. According to the findings, university organization members' current (market-competition) and targeted (clan-collaboration) organizational culture typology interpretations diverge from the university's strategy on the same subject.
Forecasting the onset date of southwest monsoon over Delhi
Authors: SINGH DHANNA , GOYAL SUMAN
Published: December 2021

Using latest 32 years (1964-95) data, upper air temperatures and zonal and meridional components of winds of several selected stations for various standard isobaric levels (850 to 10 hPa) are screened for the pre-monsoon months of April & May in order to study their association with onset date of southwest monsoon at Delhi. Data for temperature and wind components for May for several stations exhibit significant correlations with onset-date. Some well known parameters presently in use in long range forecast models of monsoon seasonal rainfall have also been screened similarly. With a multiple regression technique, equations have been developed using suitable parameters from those which showed significant linear correlations.
An Analysis of The Level of Polite Utterances in Sasak Language: A Case Study in Central Lombok
Authors: Nurullayali Baiq , Sartika Sartika , Supriadin Supriadin
Published: December 2021

This research aims to identify the way of polite language used by Sasak people in Central Lombok. In this research, qualitative descriptive method was employed in analyzing the data. There were three participants that consist of Sasak native speaker from two villages such as Beraim and Dakung village. The data were collected through three techniques that are, observation, interview and documentation. The Results of this research showed that firstly, Sasak language has three levels of polite utterances used by Sasak people such as most polite (Base Alus Utami), more polite (Base Alus Madya), and polite (Base Sasak Biase). When kingdom was exist, Base Alus Utami only used by Perwangse, who was the king or people with high class level in Lombok Island and marked by Raden/Datu, and Dende at the first name. But, when they interacted with the lower class, they used biase language while the lower class of people must use Base Utami then, Base Alus Madya only used by people with the second level in society Baiq and Lalu at the first name, and Base Sasak Biase used by people with the lower class, called Jajar Karang. Secondly, the next generation in Sasak today do not really cosidere the rules when they using the polite language as people used in the past. It can be seen when they are communicating each other. They cannot able to speak with Base Alus Utami even speak with the older people. Only some of old people are still maintenance this language and teach their children but it is so rarely.
Konsep Ilmu menurut Az-Zarnuji dalam Kitab Ta’lim Al-Muta’allim dan Urgensinya pada Pendidikan
Authors: Irawati Dini , Musthafa Izzuddin
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini merupakan kajian tentang konsep ilmu menurut Az-Zarnuji dalam kitab ta’lim al-muta’allim dan urgensinya dalam pendidikan. Az-Zarnuji adalah seorang ulama Islam yang hidup abad 6 dan 7 Hijriah. Beliau merupakan ulama yang konsentrasi dalam masalah pendidikan. Untuk memperbaiki proses belajar dan mengajar Zarnuji membuat panduan khusus bagi para murid (siswa atau santri) selama ber mulazamah (belajar) dengan guru. Panduan ini berupa buku kecil atau kutaib yang berjudul Ta’lim al-Muta’allim. Keberkahan buku initerlihat dari banyaknya pesantren yang menjadikan kitab ini sebagai rujukan dalam menerapkan etika belajar agar para murid membangun karakternya dengan konsep yang ditawarkan oleh Zarnuji dalam kitabnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan metode library research. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bagian awal dari kitab ini tentang pentingnya ilmu, fiqih dan keutamaannya. Kemudian buku ini membahas terkait definisi ilmu menurut bahasa dan istilah, pandangan al-Quran dan Hadits tentang ilmu, biografi Az-Zarnuji, konsep ilmu menurut Az-Zarnuji, serta urgensi konsep ilmu Az-Zarnuji dalam pendidikan.
Pengaruh Dana Desa Terhadap Pembangunan Desa di Kecamatan Siantar Narumonda melalui Pemberdayaan Masyarakat
Authors: Tobing Artha Lumban , Simangunsong Ridhon , Siagian Nalom
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sekaligus menganalisis pengaruh pengelolaan dana desa terhadap pembangunan desa di Kecamatan Siantar Narumonda Kabupaten Toba, baik secara langsung muapun melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat. Populasi dalam penelitian ini masyarakat yang tersebar seluruh Desa di Kecamatan Siantar Narumonda Kabupaten Toba sebanyak 6.032 jiwa. Sampel  dalam penelitian ini sebanyak sampel 210 responden yang diambil secara proportional random sampling. Data yang terkumpul dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis regresi jalur. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, disimpulkan bahwa dana desa berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pembangunan desa, sedangkan terhadap pemberdayaan masyarakat, dana desa berpengaruh positif signifikan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pembangunan desa. Dana desa akan berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap pembangunan desa, jika melalui pemberda-yaan masyarakat sebagai variabel intervening.
THE EFFECT OF TOTAL ASSET TURNOVER, NET PROFIT MARGIN, AND DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO ON PROFIT GROWTH IN AUTOMOTIVE COMPANIES LISTED IN INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Firman Dody , Salvia Salvia
Published: December 2021

This study aims to determine whether total asset turnover, net profit margin, and debt to equity ratio have an effect either partially or simultaneously on profit growth in automotive companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The approach used in this study is an associative approach. The population used in this study were 13 companies and a sample that met the criteria (purposive sampling) was 7 companies. Data collection techniques used in this study using documentation techniques and data sources used in this study are secondary data sources. The data analysis technique used in this study is a quantitative technique with multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing and coefficient of determination test. Data management using SPSS (Statistical Package For The Social Sciences) version 20 for windows. The results of this study are partially total asset turnover has no effect on profit growth. Partially, net profit margin has no effect on profit growth. Partially the debt to equity ratio has an effect on profit growth. Simultaneously total asset turnover, net profit margin, and debt to equity affect profit growth in automotive companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2014-2018 period. Partially the debt to equity ratio has an effect on profit growth. Simultaneously total asset turnover, net profit margin, and debt to equity affect profit growth in automotive companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2014-2018 period. Partially the debt to equity ratio has an effect on profit growth. Simultaneously total asset turnover, net profit margin, and debt to equity affect profit growth in automotive companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2014-2018 period.
EFFECT OF CURRENT RATIO AND DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO ON STOCK PRICES ON REGISTERED METAL AND SIMILAR COMPANIES ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE
Authors: Rambe Ihsan , Nurwahyuni Nurwahyuni , Saripuddin Hasibuan Jasman
Published: December 2021

The stock price is the price that occurs in the stock market at a certain time and the stock price is determined by market participants. The high and low price of these shares is determined by the demand and supply of these shares in the capital market. Current Ratio is a ratio to measure the company's ability to pay its long-term debt approach which is due immediately when billed in its entirety. and Debt to Equity Ratio is a ratio that shows the percentage of provision of funds by shareholders to lenders. The higher the ratio, the lower the company's funding provided by shareholders. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of Current Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio on stock prices either partially or simultaneously. This study uses financial management theory related to the variables of stock price, current ratio, debt to equity ratio. The approach used is an associative approach. The population in this study are Metal & Similar companies listed on the IDX for the period 2014-2018. Samples were taken using purposive sampling method, in order to obtain 6 companies as samples. The results show that: (1) the effect of the current ratio on stock prices has no effect; (2) the effect of Debt to Equity Ratio on stock prices has an effect; (3) the influence of the Current Ratio and Debt to Equity Ratio on stock prices simultaneously has an effect.
GOLD PRICESFORECASTING USING TRIPLE EXPONENTIAL METHOD
Authors: Khairawati Khairawati , Fuadi Wahyu , Ramadhansyah Rizki , Fariadi Dedi
Published: December 2021

Governments, organizations, and citizens have taken an interest in gold price fluctuations. Gold price forecasting that is accurate may effectively capture price shift tendencies and reduce the effects of gold market volatility. However, due to the multi-factor and nonlinear nature of the gold market. The triple exponential smoothing strategy is used in this study to predict the rise in a value over time since it can replicate trends and seasonal patterns. according to the gold price swings pattern and seasonal components at the same time To calculate system accuracy, the Mean Absolute Percentage Error is employed (MAPE). With alpha 0.15 and beta 0.85 as parameter values, the triple exponential smoothing (TES) approach achieves an accuracy rate of 86.93 percent and a MAPE of 12.49 percent in this study.