bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Arthur-Kelly Michael
Published: July 2015

Warm greetings to all readers of AJSE. I am delighted to introduce Issue 1 for 2015 by announcing the appointment of Associate Professor Umesh Sharma as Joint Editor-in-Chief with me effective from this Issue. Umesh is a highly regarded academic at Monash University with a particular reputation in teacher education and inclusive education. He is internationally known for his work in many countries progressing the effective education of students with a wide range of additional needs, and the teachers and families who support them. I am honoured to work with Umesh and I know that with Genevieve, the staff at Cambridge University Press, Colleen and the AASE National Council, we will see the journal continue to thrive into the future.
ON RESURRECTION AXIOMS
Authors: TSAPROUNIS KONSTANTINOS
Published: July 2015

The resurrection axioms are forms of forcing axioms that were introduced recently by Hamkins and Johnstone, who developed on earlier ideas of Chalons and Veličković. In this note, we introduce a stronger form of resurrection (which we callunboundedresurrection) and show that it gives rise to families of axioms which are consistent relative to extendible cardinals, and which imply the strongest known instances of forcing axioms, such as Martin’s Maximum++. In addition, we study the unbounded resurrection postulates in terms of consistency lower bounds, obtaining, for example, failures of the weak square principle.
THE UNDECIDABILITY OF THE DEFINABILITY OF PRINCIPAL SUBCONGRUENCES
Authors: MOORE MATTHEW
Published: July 2015

For each Turing machine ${\cal T}$, we construct an algebra $\mathbb{A}$′$\left( {\cal T} \right)$ such that the variety generated by $\mathbb{A}$′$\left( {\cal T} \right)$ has definable principal subcongruences if and only if ${\cal T}$ halts, thus proving that the property of having definable principal subcongruences is undecidable for a finite algebra. A consequence of this is that there is no algorithm that takes as input a finite algebra and decides whether that algebra is finitely based.
LOWER BOUNDS FOR DNF-REFUTATIONS OF A RELATIVIZED WEAK PIGEONHOLE PRINCIPLE
Authors: ATSERIAS ALBERT , MÜLLER MORITZ , OLIVA SERGI
Published: July 2015

The relativized weak pigeonhole principle states that if at least 2n out of n2 pigeons fly into n holes, then some hole must be doubly occupied. We prove that every DNF-refutation of the CNF encoding of this principle requires size $2^{\left( {{\rm{log\ }}n} \right)^{3/2 - \varepsilon } } $ for every ε﹥0 and every sufficiently large n. By reducing it to the standard weak pigeonhole principle with 2n pigeons and n holes, we also show that this lower bound is essentially tight in that there exist DNF-refutations of size $2^{\left( {{\rm{log\ }}n} \right)^{O\left( 1 \right)} } $ even in R(log). For the lower bound proof we need to discuss the existence of unbalanced low-degree bipartite expanders satisfying a certain robustness condition.
HOMOGENEITY AND FIX-POINTS: GOING FORTH!
Authors: VILLEMAIRE ROGER
Published: July 2015

While the back-and-forth method has been often attributed to Cantor, it turns out that in the original proof of the characterisation of countable linear dense orders, the mapping is constructed in a single direction. Cameron has called this method Forth and has shown that it can fail to build an automorphism for some homogeneous structures. We give in this paper a characterisation of those homogeneous structures for which Forth always builds an automorphism. This generalises results by Cameron and McLeish.
Dietary modulation of the gut microbiota – a randomised controlled trial in obese postmenopausal women
Authors: Brahe Lena K. , Le Chatelier Emmanuelle , Prifti Edi , Pons Nicolas , Kennedy Sean , Blædel Trine , Håkansson Janet , Dalsgaard Trine Kastrup , Hansen Torben , Pedersen Oluf , Astrup Arne , Ehrlich S. Dusko , Larsen Lesli H.
Published: July 2015

The gut microbiota has been implicated in obesity and its progression towards metabolic disease. Dietary interventions that target the gut microbiota have been suggested to improve metabolic health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of interventions withLactobacillus paracaseiF19 or flaxseed mucilage on the gut microbiota and metabolic risk markers in obesity. A total of fifty-eight obese postmenopausal women were randomised to a single-blinded, parallel-group intervention of 6-week duration, with a daily intake of eitherL. paracaseiF19 (9·4 × 1010colony-forming units), flaxseed mucilage (10 g) or placebo. Quantitative metagenomic analysis of faecal DNA was performed to identify the changes in the gut microbiota. Diet-induced changes in metabolic markers were explored using adjusted linear regression models. The intake of flaxseed mucilage over 6 weeks led to a reduction in serum C-peptide and insulin release during an oral glucose tolerance test (P< 0·05) and improved insulin sensitivity measured by Matsuda index (P< 0·05). Comparison of gut microbiota composition at baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention with flaxseed mucilage showed alterations in abundance of thirty-three metagenomic species (P< 0·01), including decreased relative abundance of eightFaecalibacteriumspecies. These changes in the microbiota could not explain the effect of flaxseed mucilage on insulin sensitivity. The intake ofL. paracaseiF19 did not modulate metabolic markers compared with placebo. In conclusion, flaxseed mucilage improves insulin sensitivity and alters the gut microbiota; however, the improvement in insulin sensitivity was not mediated by the observed changes in relative abundance of bacterial species.
Early Cretaceous vertebrates from the Xinlong Formation of Guangxi (southern China): a review
Authors: MO JINYOU , BUFFETAUT ERIC , TONG HAIYAN , AMIOT ROMAIN , CAVIN LIONEL , CUNY GILLES , SUTEETHORN VARAVUDH , SUTEETHORN SURAVECH , JIANG SHAN
Published: July 2015

The vertebrate assemblage from the Early Cretaceous non-marine Xinlong Formation of the Napai Basin, in the south-western part of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (southern China), is reviewed. The assemblage includes chondrichthyans (at least six species of hybodont sharks includingHybodus, Thaiodus, HeteroptychodusandAcrorhizodus), actinopterygians (Halecomorphi and Ginglymodi), turtles (the adocidShachemysand the carettochelyidKizylkumemys), crocodilians (cf.Theriosuchus) and dinosaurs (the sauropodsFusuisaurusandLiubangosaurus, carcharodontosaurid and spinosaurid theropods, iguanodontians and a possible psittacosaurid). This assemblage shows many similarities to those from non-marine formations of the Khorat Group of north-eastern Thailand. It seems to be particularly close to that from the Khok Kruat Formation, considered as Aptian in age, as shown especially by sharks and turtles and by the presence of iguanodontians. An Aptian age is therefore proposed for the Xinlong Formation. A study of the stable oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of reptile apatite suggests that this part of South China experienced subtropical arid conditions during the deposition of the Xinlong Formation. In its composition, the vertebrate fauna from the Xinlong Formation seems to be more similar to coeval faunas from SE Asia than to assemblages from northern China (including the Jehol Biota). Although this may partly reflect different depositional and taphonomic environments (fluvial for the Xinlong Formation versus lacustrine for the Jehol Biota) it seems likely that, during Early Cretaceous time, southern China and SE Asia were part of a distinct zoogeographical province, different from that corresponding to northern China. This may be the result of both climatic differences (with relatively cool climates in northern China versus a subtropical climate in the south) and geographical barriers such as mountain chains.
Surgical management of medullary thyroid cancer: which guidelines should we follow?
Authors: Bowen A , Mani N , Penney S , Loughran S , Yap B
Published: July 2015

Background:

Surgery is currently the only curative treatment for medullary thyroid cancer. Unfortunately, the surgical strategy that will offer patients at each disease stage the best chance of a biochemical cure remains unclear. The American Thyroid Association and British Thyroid Association guidelines offer different strategies.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of the surgical management of 47 patients with medullary thyroid cancer diagnosed between 1994 and 2013 was performed. Surgical management was compared with current American Thyroid Association and British Thyroid Association guidelines. Outcome was defined as the first post-operative calcitonin measurement.

Results:

All patients with stage I–III disease achieved a post-operative biochemical cure regardless of the guidelines followed. The overall biochemical cure rate for patients with stage IVa disease was significantly reduced to 10 per cent (p < 0.01), but the biochemical cure rate for stage IVa disease patients who underwent bilateral lateral lymph node dissection was 33.3 per cent.

Conclusion:

The conservative, surveillance-driven approach recommended by the American Thyroid Association is appropriate for stage I–III disease. However, the more aggressive approach advocated by the British Thyroid Association might provide stage IVa disease patients a greater chance of achieving a biochemical cure.
Open surgical management of auricular haematoma: incision, evacuation and mattress sutures
Authors: Shakeel M , Vallamkondu V , Mountain R , Hussain A
Published: July 2015

Objective:

A large variety of techniques have been used for auricular haematoma management. The open surgical management of auricular haematoma involves incision, evacuation and the obliteration of dead space using biodegradable mattress sutures. Our goal was to describe open surgical management for primary, recurrent and spontaneous auricular haematoma.

Methods:

Auricular haematoma patients who underwent open surgical management were prospectively audited (2010–2013). Information was collected on demographics, clinical presentation, aetiology, examination findings, previous interventions, details of open surgical management and post-operative follow up.

Results:

In all, 12 male and 3 female patients with a mean age of 33 years (range 16–86 years) were evaluated. Contact sport injury was the most common aetiology. Ten patients had undergone previous unsuccessful interventions to treat auricular haematoma before open surgical management was performed. All patients were managed successfully without significant recurrence. One patient had a minor local reaccumulation which required reinsertion of a mattress suture. One elderly patient developed localised cellulitis which responded well to antibiotics.

Conclusion:

Open surgical management of auricular haematoma has been successful. The technique is simple and reliable, and can be accomplished in a clinical setting under local anaesthesia.
Hearing loss following myringoplasty – implications for informed consent
Authors: Bewick J , Prinsley P
Published: July 2015

Background:

There are many reports of operations performed to successfully close ear drum perforations. Hearing deterioration after myringoplasty is not a widely published topic. This paper presents an audit of this complication.

Methods:

A six-year retrospective analysis of a series of myringoplasty operations was performed using electronic patient records. Patients with post-operative hearing loss were identified and those with hearing loss greater than 10 dB were further scrutinised.

Results:

Out of 187 patients who underwent myringoplasty procedures, 44 (23.53 per cent) experienced a reduction in hearing thresholds. In seven cases (3.74 per cent), the hearing loss was greater than 10 dB. A case note review revealed no obvious predictive factors, although posterior perforations and the possibility of ossicular chain manipulation were considered.

Conclusion:

Hearing loss following myringoplasty is not rare, and this may alter the consent process for this procedure.
Antiviral agents convey added benefit over steroids alone in Bell's palsy; decompression should be considered in patients who are not recovering
Authors: De Ru J A , Brennan P A , Martens E
Published: July 2015

Background:

The management of Bell's palsy has been the subject of much debate, with corticosteroids being the preferred medication. However, evidence also supports the use of antiviral drugs for severe cases and even decompression surgery in patients who, despite medical treatment, are not recovering.

Method:

A literature review was conducted on the management of Bell's palsy.

Results:

This paper describes the background, statistical evidence, study results and pathophysiological theories that support more aggressive treatment for patients with severe palsy and those who have inadequate recovery.

Conclusion:

Combination therapy including antiviral medication significantly improves outcomes in patients with severe Bell's palsy. Decompression should be considered in patients who have not recovered with drug treatment.
Assessment of upper airway obstruction by measuring peak oral and nasal inspiratory flow
Authors: Bathala S , Eccles R
Published: July 2015

Objective:

We wanted to access upper airway obstruction in patients undergoing tonsillectomy by measuring peak oral and nasal inspiratory airflow.

Methods:

We recruited study participants from a cohort of patients on the waiting list for tonsillectomy, with or without adenoidectomy, at University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK. Fifty patients enrolled on phase I of the study and underwent pre-operative measurement of the rate of peak oral and nasal inspiratory flow; 25 of these patients returned after one month for phase II of the study and underwent post-operative measurement of the rate of both peak oral and nasal inspiratory flow.

Results:

Of the 25 participants who completed phase II of the study, 17 (68 per cent) showed an increase in post-operative peak oral inspiratory flow rate by an average of 45 per cent, while 18 (72 per cent) showed an increase in post-operative peak nasal inspiratory flow rate by an average of 22 per cent.

Conclusion:

Both peak oral and nasal inspiratory flow rate measurements may be useful measures of oral and nasal obstruction. Further larger studies are needed to develop these measurements as screening and efficacy measures for adenotonsillectomy to relieve upper airway obstruction.
Sir Harold Delf Gillies, the otolaryngologist and father of modern facial plastic surgery: review of his rhinoplasty case notes
Authors: Spencer C R
Published: July 2015

Background:

Sir Harold Gillies, born in New Zealand, is widely considered a British icon and the father of modern plastic surgery.

Objective:

This article provides an overview of his life and the circumstances which led to him laying the foundations of plastic surgery in Britain in the early twentieth century.

Methods:

A hand search and review of case notes from the Gillies Archives at Queen Mary's Hospital in Sidcup, UK, where he made history, was conducted.

Results and conclusion:

Gillies' ongoing legacy was found to also include his influence on the development of his cousin Sir Archibald McIndoe's work. Gillies was a talented sportsman who engaged in charitable activities. Additionally, he was a gifted teacher, with his hospital attracting many young surgeons from around the world. He was found to have expressed genius in both the design and execution of the art and science of surgery. He incepted reconstructive techniques ranging from the world's first gender reassignment operation to facial reanimation procedures for the treatment of facial paralysis. His operative work on ex-servicemen in need of complex rhinoplasty and in particular the inception of the tubed pedicle flap are depicted.
Intraoral drainage under surgical microscopy with tonsillectomy for parapharyngeal abscesses
Authors: Okumura Y , Hidaka H , Noguchi N , Katori Y
Published: July 2015

Background:

An intraoral approach combined with tonsillectomy has been used to access the parapharyngeal space. However, the utility of this technique for parapharyngeal abscesses in paediatric patients has not been investigated. This paper describes an intraoral drainage technique combined with tonsillectomy for treating children with a parapharyngeal abscess that obviates the need for skin incision.

Methods:

Clinical case records are presented, along with a description of the surgical procedure accompanied by a video clip.

Results:

Both cases encountered involved paediatric parapharyngeal space abscesses that extended to the skull base. The patients underwent an intraoral approach combined with tonsillectomy performed under surgical microscopy; this resulted in a good post-operative course without complications.

Conclusion:

To our knowledge, no previous reports have addressed the use of surgical microscopy to help access the parapharyngeal space. The procedure described herein, performed under surgical microscopy, was specifically helpful in enabling access to these challenging spaces; it also meant that surgical procedures could be recorded clearly and findings shared with other medical staff.
The role of the uncinate process in sinusitis aetiology: isolated agenesis versus maxillary sinus hypoplasia
Authors: Uluyol S , Arslan İ B , Demir A , Mercan G C , Dogan O , Çukurova İ
Published: July 2015

Objective:

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of maxillary sinus hypoplasia and isolated agenesis of the uncinate process in sinusitis aetiology.

Methods:

Three patients with isolated agenesis of the uncinate process and 27 patients with 43 maxillary sinus hypoplasia variations were recruited. The frequencies of sinusitis episodes and radiological findings were compared between patient subgroups.

Results:

In all, 23 type I maxillary sinus hypoplasia, 13 type II maxillary sinus hypoplasia and 7 type III maxillary sinus hypoplasia variations were detected. Patients with isolated agenesis of the uncinate process underwent antibiotic treatment an average of 7 times per year, whereas those with types I, II and III maxillary sinus hypoplasia were treated 1.57, 3.22, and 5.75 times per year, respectively, over a 5-year period. The antibiotic treatment frequency for patients with isolated agenesis of the uncinate process was significantly higher than for those with types I and II maxillary sinus hypoplasia.

Conclusion:

Isolated agenesis of the uncinate process seems to play a stronger role than types I and II maxillary sinus hypoplasia in the pathophysiology of chronic sinusitis.
Hazardous complications of animate foreign bodies in otology practice
Authors: Sikka K , Agrawal R , Devraja K , Lodha J V , Thakar A
Published: July 2015

Background:

Animate foreign bodies in the ear are frequent occurrences in otology practice. Such foreign bodies may lead to hazardous complications.

Method:

This paper describes a retrospective study of six patients with a recent history of an insect in the ear who presented with various complications following intervention received elsewhere.

Results:

An insect was retrieved from the external auditory canal in four cases and from the antrum in two cases. The patients presented with progressive otological complications: two patients who presented with orbital apex syndrome and cavernous sinus thrombosis succumbed to the disease; three patients suffered sensorineural hearing loss; and two patients had persistent facial palsy. One patient with sigmoid sinus thrombosis, who presented early, experienced complete recovery.

Conclusion:

Insects in the ear can lead to hazardous complications. Animate foreign bodies should preferably be managed by a trained otologist, even in an emergency setting. Patients with delayed presentation and complications have a guarded prognosis.
Manubrio-stapedioplasty: new surgical technique for malleus and incus fixation due to tympanosclerosis
Authors: Sennaroglu L , Gungor V , Atay G , Ozer S
Published: July 2015

Objective:

This paper reports the authors' technique of manubrio-stapedioplasty using glass ionomer cement for malleus and incus fixation due to tympanosclerosis.

Methods:

A retrospective case review was conducted of five patients with conductive hearing loss (mean pre-operative air–bone gap of 42.75 dB) treated in a tertiary referral centre. The hearing results of a manubrio-stapedial bone cement ossiculoplasty technique, utilised on the five patients, were analysed. All cases were Wielinga and Kerr tympanosclerosis classification type 2 (attic fixation of the malleus-incus complex with a mobile stapes). The incus and head of the malleus were removed in all patients, and the manubrium was directly connected to the head of the mobile stapes using glass ionomer cement. Patients were evaluated in terms of pre- and post-operative audiometric results; hearing gain and post-operative air–bone gap were the main outcome measures.

Results:

Mean post-operative air–bone gap was 5.25 dB. Four patients had an air–bone gap of less than 10 dB; the remaining patient had an air–bone of 12.50 dB.

Conclusion:

Manubrio-stapedioplasty is an effective method for ossicular reconstruction in cases of malleus and incus fixation due to tympanosclerosis.
Radiological appearances in olfactory dysfunction: pictorial review
Authors: Hall J M , Powell J , Elbadawey M R , Birchall D , Zammit-Maempel I
Published: July 2015

Background:

Olfactory dysfunction is a common condition that may in some cases require imaging to investigate a potential underlying cause.

Objectives:

This review describes the anatomy of normal olfaction and illustrates the pathological substrates of olfactory dysfunction amenable to imaging.
Divine Sovereignty, Indian Property Law, and the Dispute over the Padmanabhaswamy Temple
Authors: DAS ACEVEDO DEEPA
Published: July 2015

Secular governance in India was meant to have incorporated religion within public life, but the implementation of ‘Indian secularism’ has in important ways been premised on separating religious and secular lifeworlds. Public Hindu temples, whose assets and operations are managed by a melange of statutory bodies, courts, and state governments, exemplify this puzzling situation. The 2011 discovery of treasures within the Padmanabhaswamy temple in Trivandrum, Kerala, prompted extended public debate about the ownership of temple assets as well as litigation that eventually reached the Supreme Court of India. Indian citizens, erstwhile princely rulers, and the deity of the temple were variously presented as the true owners of the wealth. Ultimately, both public discourse and judicial opinion largely reaffirmed the notion that religious institutions are to be treated as private, contractually defined properties, and that temple wealth, as specifically religious property, exists outside of market circulations.
Changes in genetic and environmental influences on disordered eating between early and late adolescence: a longitudinal twin study
Authors: Fairweather-Schmidt A. K. , Wade T. D.
Published: July 2015

Background

We investigated the genetic and environmental contributions to disordered eating (DE) between early and late adolescence in order to determine whether different sources of heritability and environmental risk contributed to these peak times of emergence of eating disorders.

Method

Adolescent female twins from the Australian Twin Registry were interviewed over the telephone with the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE). Data were collected at 12–15 and 16–19 years (wave 1:N= 699, 351 pairs; wave 3:N= 499, 247 pairs). Assessments also involved self-report measures related to negative life events and weight-related peer teasing.

Results

Unstandardized estimates from the bivariate Cholesky decomposition model showed both genetic influences and non-shared environmental influences increased over adolescence, but shared environmental influences decreased. While non-shared environmental sources active at ages 12–15 years continued to contribute at 16–19 years, new sources of both additive genetic and non-shared environmental risk were introduced at ages 16–19 years. Weight-related peer teasing in early-mid adolescence predicted increases of DE in later adolescence, while negative life events did not.

Conclusions

Two-thirds of the heritable influence contributing to DE in late adolescence was unique to this age group. During late adolescence independent sources of genetic risk, as well as environmental influences are likely to be related in part to peer teasing, appear key antecedents in growth of DE.
The Place of Plural Voting in Mill's Conception of Representative Government
Authors: Miller Dale E.
Published: July 2015

While it may not be surprising that Mill's proposal for a “plural voting” scheme that would award more votes to citizens with more education has few contemporary supporters, it is surprising that so many interpreters take him to regard plural voting as merely a temporary measure meant to ease the transition from restricted to universal suffrage. Contra Amy Gutmann, Maria Morales, Wendy Donner, David Brink, Wendy Sarvasy, Bruce Baum, and Jonathan Riley, I argue that Mill believes that plural voting should always accompany universal suffrage and thus that it should be in place indefinitely.
HOKETUS: OF HIERARCHY AND HICCUPS
Authors: Williams Nick
Published: July 2015

Between 1976 and 1986 the Dutch group Hoketus were central to the creation of the sound and aesthetic of the Hague school. Through their rehearsal process they challenged and redefined the role of the composers who wrote for them in relation to the ensemble, and in doing so they challenged conventional notions of composer privilege and power. While not going as far as free improvisation groups in erasing the boundaries between composers and performers, they created a situation in which traditional hierarchies were overturned. Without ever claiming co-ownership of the resulting works, the group actively participated in the creative process and so could claim a higher degree of ownership and responsibility for the music they played than is usually the case.
TWO LATE ORCHESTRAL WORKS OF LUCIANO BERIO
Authors: Mehinovic Vedran
Published: July 2015

Little has been said about Berio's work Formazioni (1987), and even less about Ekphrasis (1996), both large-scale orchestral compositions with non-traditional instrumental groupings. In his book on Berio, David Osmond-Smith gives a brief description of Formazioni, but one would be hard pressed to find any further published material about the piece, save for liner notes in the two available recordings (written by Roger Marsh and Ferdinand Schmatz respectively, and those from the latter coming in the form of abstract poetry). Ekphrasis has received one studio recording, and no published analysis. The two works were completed towards the end of the composer's life, and they demonstrate a refinement of his craft; a much closer look is therefore in order.
Transnational policy and ‘authenticity’ discourses on Romani language and identity
Authors: Matras Yaron
Published: July 2015

Romani is a fascinating test case for the role that language plays in the process of identity consolidation in a transnational context. Standardisation is no longer inherently connected to the ‘territorialisation’ of language. Instead, we witness a bottom-up process in which individuals take ownership of language and negotiate language practices. Status regulation and language planning can be instigated and even implemented by institutions other than national states. All of this leads to pluralism of form rather than unification. Yet language remains a key locus for political mobilisation. It allows players to claim authenticity, it offers opportunities for intervention by external facilitators, and it provides a discussion platform through which traditional images can be challenged and recognition can be awarded. (Romani, language planning, standardization, language policy, transnationalism)*
Generic intertextuality in online social activism: The case of theIt Gets Betterproject
Authors: Jones Rodney H.
Published: July 2015

TheIt Gets Betterproject has been held up as a model of successful social media activism. This article explores how narrators ofIt Gets Bettervideos make use ofgeneric intertextuality, strategically combining the canonical narrative genres of the exemplum, the testimony, and the confession in a way that allows them to claim ‘textual authority’ and to make available multiple moral positions for themselves and their listeners. This strategy is further facilitated by the ambiguous participation frameworks associated with digital media, which make it possible for storytellers to tell different kinds of stories to different kinds of listeners at the same time, to simultaneously comfort the victims of anti-gay violence, confront its perpetrators, and elicit sympathy from ‘onlookers’. This analysis highlights the potential of new practices of online storytelling for social activism, and challenges notions that new media are contributing to the demise of common narrative traditions. (Activism, digital media, genre, LGBT discourse, narrative, positioning)*
Research Note: Speaker-referent gender indexicality
Authors: Fleming Luke
Published: July 2015

Haas's (1944) typology of nonreferential gender indexicality attested three basic varieties: speaker indexing, addressee indexing, and ‘mixed’ (or relational) speaker-addressee gender indexing. In an earlier publication inLanguage in Societythis author adopted the same framework for the treatment of a large sample of cases of categorical gender indexicality. However, subsequent review of cases where gender indexicality seemingly interacts with sex-based semantic gender suggests that Haas' typology is incomplete. A relational speaker-referent indexing type is proposed. Focusing on gender indexicality in Chiquitano (Bolivia) and Yanyuwa (Australia), the author argues that these cases have been erroneously treated as systems in which speaker gender is indexed in the denotation of referent gender. It is shown that a more parsimonious analysis can account for these cases by means of a single purely pragmatic gender feature distributed over a relational speaker-referent indexical focus. (Gender, indexicality, deixis)*
Olybrius and theEinsiedeln Eclogues
Authors: Stover Justin
Published: July 2015

Two ancient pastoral poems were published by Hermann Hagen in 1869 from a manuscript at Einsiedeln and were soon dated to the reign of Nero. In this study, I show that these poems are related to theBucolicon Olybriilisted in a library catalogue of Murbach from around 850, and demonstrate on internal and external grounds that the poems were likely composed around the end of the fourth century by Anicius Hermogenianus Olybrius, the consul of 395. This attribution enhances our understanding of the literary culture of the age of Claudian and contributes to the on-going debate on the extent and import of Neronian literature.
The more the merrier? Fertility and food insecurity among older Senegalese women
Authors: KODZI IVY
Published: July 2015

The number of children women have is a critical determinant of their future wellbeing. Often, adult children confer some protection against adverse conditions in their older ages. In many sub-Saharan African societies, it is expected that older women who typically have had many children, will benefit from their investment in children. Yet it is unclear if this is really the case. Using data from the 10 per cent micro-sample of the 2002 Senegalese Population and Housing Census, this study investigates the effect of the childbearing histories of older women (aged 60–85) on the likelihood that their households experienced food insecurity in the past year. Women who had had no children and those who had ever had two or more, were not significantly different from those who had had five or more – only those who had had one child were adversely affected. Based on principles of intergenerational altruism and moral obligation, I expected that food insecurity would decrease with increases in the number of surviving children. This pattern was generally found. However, among women in the bottom 40 per cent of the wealth distribution, the relationship was, at best, weak with respect to all of the fertility variables (children ever had, living, co-resident). The benefits of high fertility seem to accrue to relatively richer women – those in the top 60 per cent of the wealth distribution. Yet among these richer women, having fewer than three children and co-resident adult children were significant risk factors of food insecurity.
Improving transparency of virtual coupling for haptic interaction with human force observer
Authors: Kim Myungsin , Lee Dongjun
Published: July 2015

Relying solely on virtual springs and dampers, the transparency of standard virtual coupling suffers from the device-proxy coordination error when a large interaction force is engaged (e.g., contact tasks) and also from the unmodifiable inertias of the haptic device and the virtual proxy. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel virtual coupling scheme, which, utilizing passive decomposition and a human force observer, can maintain the device-proxy coordination error even during contact tasks, while also allowing for scaling down (or up) the apparent inertia of the coordinated device-proxy system, thereby, substantially improving transparency of the standard virtual coupling. Experiments are performed to show the performance and passivity of the proposed virtual coupling. Minimum-possible passive inertia scaling is also theoretically established via some positive-real analysis.
PhD Abstracts
Authors: HUTTON GRAHAM
Published: July 2015

Many students complete PhDs in functional programming each year. As a service to the community, the Journal of Functional Programming publishes the abstracts from PhD dissertations completed during the previous year.
Marqueurs verbaux de TAM en diachronie
Authors: DE MULDER WALTER , PATARD ADELINE
Published: July 2015

Alors qu'il existe une littérature très vaste sur les emplois et valeurs des marqueurs verbaux de temps, aspect et mode (désormais TAM) en synchronie du français, moins de travaux ont été consacrés à l'évolution de ces marqueurs d'un point de vue syntaxique, sémantique ou pragmatique. La plupart des grammaires historiques donnent avant tout des informations sur leur phonologie et morphologie, même si l'on trouve évidemment aussi des informations plus ou moins développées sur leur syntaxe et sémantique dans des ouvrages généraux sur l'histoire de la langue française (comme Brunot, 1904–1913), quelques grammaires de l'ancien français (comme par exemple Foulet, 1919; Moignet, 1973 ou Buridant, 2000), du moyen français (Martin et Wilmet, 1980) ou du français classique (Fournier, 1998) et des aperçus historiques dans des grammaires du français contemporain (comme par exemple Wilmet, 2007). Quant aux études linguistiques proprement dites, les ouvrages et travaux de Martin, Wilmet, Schøsler, Soutet ou Barral mentionnés dans la bibliographie (qui ne prétend pas être exhaustive) témoignent de l'intérêt constant des linguistes pour le développement des marqueurs de TAM.
Il était une fois le passé simple. . .
Authors: LABEAU EMMANUELLE
Published: July 2015

Depuis plus d’un siècle, les linguistes débattent de la disparition du passé simple. Le PS est un paradigme moribond pour les uns, une forme d’emploi toujours restreint ou encore en voie de spécialisation pour d’autres. La discussion sur le devenir du PS ne prend cependant son sens que sous un éclairage diachronique. Le présent article examine donc les emplois du PS au travers de l’histoire de la langue française. Si le PS a perdu une fonction depuis l’ancien français et est sorti de l’oral spontané, il n’en jouit pas moins d’une place privilégiée dans certains contextes (narration) et cotextes (3èmespersonnes). Le tiroir semble même avoir récemment investi de nouvelles formes d’expression, comme lestorytellingen mercatique. L'étude conclut en suggérant des pistes de recherche pour évaluer la position réelle du PS en français contemporain.
Climate change mitigation and adaptation in developing and transition countries: introduction to the special issue
Authors: Choumert Johanna , Motel Pascale Combes , Millock Katrin
Published: July 2015

While mitigation efforts in developed and emerging economies are necessary in order to meet ambitious climate targets, the international community strives to explore strategies to help the most vulnerable populations to cope with the short-term and long-term impacts of climate change. In the perspective of the 21st COP of the UNFCCC (Paris, December 2015), this Special Issue on ‘Climate change mitigation and adaptation in developing and transition countries’ addresses two complementary topical issues. On the one hand, migration – international and internal – and remittances are analyzed as adaptation strategies for vulnerable households and individuals. On the other hand, climate policies in emerging economies are examined in light of their distributional impacts for households and of the strategic issues they may raise. This special issue introduces five papers with a diversity of approaches, e.g., game theory, econometric modeling and computable general equilibrium (CGE) modeling.
TRANSMISSION OF ELASTIC WAVES IN ANISOTROPIC NEMATIC ELASTOMERS
Authors: SINGH S. S.
Published: July 2015

The problem of reflection and refraction of elastic waves due to an incident quasi-primary $(qP)$ wave at a plane interface between two dissimilar nematic elastomer half-spaces has been investigated. The expressions for the phase velocities corresponding to primary and secondary waves are given. It is observed that these phase velocities depend on the angle of propagation of the elastic waves. The reflection and refraction coefficients corresponding to the reflected and refracted waves, respectively, are derived by using appropriate boundary conditions. The energy transmission of the reflected and refracted waves is obtained, and the energy ratios and the reflection and refraction coefficients are computed numerically.
KELVIN–HELMHOLTZ CREEPING FLOW AT THE INTERFACE BETWEEN TWO VISCOUS FLUIDS
Authors: FORBES LAWRENCE K. , PAUL RHYS A. , CHEN MICHAEL J. , HORSLEY DAVID E.
Published: July 2015

The Kelvin–Helmholtz flow is a shearing instability that occurs at the interface between two fluids moving with different speeds. Here, the two fluids are each of finite depth, but are highly viscous. Consequently, their motion is caused by the horizontal speeds of the two walls above and below each fluid layer. The motion of the fluids is assumed to be governed by the Stokes approximation for slow viscous flow, and the fluid motion is thus responsible for movement of the interface between them. A linearized solution is presented, from which the decay rate and the group speed of the wave system may be obtained. The nonlinear equations are solved using a novel spectral representation for the streamfunctions in each of the two fluid layers, and the exact boundary conditions are applied at the unknown interface location. Results are presented for the wave profiles, and the behaviour of the curvature of the interface is discussed. These results are compared to the Boussinesq–Stokes approximation which is also solved by a novel spectral technique, and agreement between the results supports the numerical calculations.
HOLDER-EXTENDIBLE EUROPEAN OPTION: CORRECTIONS AND EXTENSIONS
Authors: SHEVCHENKO PAVEL V.
Published: July 2015

Financial contracts with options that allow the holder to extend the contract maturity by paying an additional fixed amount have found many applications in finance. Closed-form solutions for the price of these options have appeared in the literature for the case when the contract for the underlying asset follows a geometric Brownian motion with constant interest rate, volatility and nonnegative dividend yield. In this paper, option price is derived for the case of the underlying asset that follows a geometric Brownian motion with time-dependent drift and volatility, which is more important for real life applications. The option price formulae are derived for the case of a drift that includes nonnegative or negative dividend. The latter yields a solution type that is new to the literature. A negative dividend corresponds to a negative foreign interest rate for foreign exchange options, or storage costs for commodity options. It may also appear in pricing options with transaction costs or real options, where the drift is larger than the interest rate.
Agronomic characteristics of early-maturing soybean and implications for breeding in Belgium
Authors: Aper J. , De Clercq H. , Baert J.
Published: July 2015

Belgian agriculture could decrease its heavy dependency on imported protein crops by a local production of soybean. Unfortunately, soybean production is hampered by Belgium's short and cold growing season. We evaluated 409 varieties, breeding lines and genebank accessions planted at two planting dates in a row-plot experiment to explore the genotypes that are suitable for growing in Belgium. The current MG000 varieties may require additional crossings with very early-maturing genotypes to guarantee an optimal and safe harvest. Within such crossings, care must be taken to maintain the indeterminate or semi-determinate growth habit. Vegetative development was negatively correlated with flowering date and maturity date, but positively correlated with cold tolerance. Seed quality was mainly affected by mould infection (associated with strong lodging and late maturity) and mottling caused by soybean mosaic virus. Planting 3 weeks earlier resulted in 8 d earlier flowering and 7 d earlier maturing, without significant losses in seed yield per plant. The results of this row-plot experiment hold promise to select for genotypes adapted to the Belgian conditions.
Compact dual-band bandpass filter using asymmetric stepped impedance stub loaded multimode resonator
Authors: Pal Manimala , Ghatak Rowdra , Sarkar Pankaj
Published: July 2015

This paper presents, a dual-band bandpass filter using asymmetric stepped impedance stub loaded open loop resonator (OLR) for WLAN and WiMAX application. The outer OLR is realized to operate at lower passband of 2.45 GHz which is directly coupled to input and output ports whereas the asymmetric stepped impedance stub that loads the outer resonator contributes to 3.5 GHz passband. The introduction of asymmetric stepped impedance stub provides further control of improving the upper passband edge selectivity of second passband and in shifting the spurious modes away from second band thereby contributing to the wide upper stopband. The insertion loss is within 1.5 dB for each passband with 10 dB passband bandwidth of 250 MHz at both bands. A stopband up to 10 GHz is also obtained. A prototype is developed and the s-parameters obtained from electromagnetic simulation, equivalent transmission line model and measurement are in close agreement. The overall dimension of the filter is 25.45 × 15.89 mm2 which renders it a compact size.
Higher Quasi-Categories vs Higher Rezk Spaces
Authors: Ara Dimitri
Published: July 2015

We introduce a notion of n-quasi-categories as fibrant objects of a model category structure on presheaves on Joyal's n-cell category Θn. Our definition comes from an idea of Cisinski and Joyal. However, we show that this idea has to be slightly modified to get a reasonable notion. We construct two Quillen equivalences between the model category of n-quasi-categories and the model category of Rezk Θn-spaces, showing that n-quasi-categories are a model for (∞, n)-categories. For n = 1, we recover the two Quillen equivalences defined by Joyal and Tierney between quasi-categories and complete Segal spaces.
CME
Authors: Steinack Carolin , Gaspert Ariana , Kovacs Ronald , Nowak Albina
Published: July 2015

Beim Morbus Fabry handelt es sich um eine X-chromosomal-rezessiv vererbbare lysosomale Speicherkrankheit, die durch einen Enzymdefekt der α-Galaktosidase A entsteht. Es kommt zu einer Anreicherung der Sphingolipide in den Lysosomen des Gefässendothels sowie verschiedener Organe. Am häufigsten involviert sind Niere, Herz, Nervensystem, Gastrointestinum sowie die Augen. Nicht selten wird ein schwerer progredienter Krankheitsverlauf beobachtet, mit ersten Symptomen bereits in der Kindheit. Aufgrund der unspezifischen Krankheitssymptome ist es nicht einfach, die Erkrankung zu diagnostizieren, sodass sie häufig erst im Erwachsenenalter erkannt wird. Die ersten Symptome in der Kindheit beginnen oft mit schmerzhaften Akroparästhesien im Rahmen von peripheren Neuropathien. Hinzu kommen Müdigkeit, Fieberschmerzkrisen, gastrointestinale Symptome. Im fortgeschrittenen Stadium kann Morbus Fabry aufgrund von Endorganschäden wie Niereninsuffizienz, Schlaganfall oder Herzrhythmussstörungen bei Kardiomyopathie tödlich enden. Meistens sind Männer schwerer von der Krankheit betroffen. Die Prävalenz in der Gesamtbevölkerung wird mit 1:40 000 bis 1:70 000 geschätzt. Die einzige kausale Therapie stellt aktuell der Enzymersatz dar.
Pancytopénie avec anémie hémolytique et schizocytes: une approche pragmatique
Authors: Gökok Nil , Stalder Grégoire , Alberio Lorenzo , Lamy Olivier , Schwotzer Nora
Published: July 2015

Nous discutons le cas d'une femme de 58 ans qui présente une asthénie progressive et une dyspnée ainsi que des paresthésies des membres. On découvre une pancytopénie avec des neutrophiles hypersegmentés, une anémie macrocytaire hyporégénérative et des éléments d'hémolyse (forte augmentation des LDH). Cette constellation doit faire suspecter une carence en vitamine B12 qui est confirmée chez notre patiente par un dosage de la cobalamine indétectable. Le bilan étiologique montre des anticorps anti-cellules pariétales gastriques positifs à 1/640, diagnostiques d'une maladie de Biermer.
Disruption of cellular homeostasis induces organelle stress and triggers apoptosis like cell-death pathways in malaria parasite
Authors: Rathore S , Datta G , Kaur I , Malhotra P , Mohmmed A
Published: July 2015

A regulated protein turnover machinery in the cell is essential for effective cellular homeostasis; any interference with this system induces cellular stress and alters the normal functioning of proteins important for cell survival. In this study, we show that persistent cellular stress and organelle dysfunction because of disruption of cellular homeostasis in human malaria parasitePlasmodium falciparum, leads to apoptosis-like cell death. Quantitative global proteomic analysis of the stressed parasites before onset of cell death, showed upregulation of a number of proteins involved in cellular homeostasis; protein network analyses identified upregulated metabolic pathways that may be associated with stress tolerance and pro-survival mechanism. However, persistent stress on parasites cause structural abnormalities in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, subsequently a cascade of reactions are initiated in parasites including rise in cytosolic calcium levels, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of VAD-FMK-binding proteases. We further show that activation of VAD-FMK-binding proteases in the parasites leads to degradation of phylogenetically conserved protein, TSN (Tudor staphylococcal nuclease), a known target of metacaspases, as well as degradation of other components of spliceosomal complex. Loss of spliceosomal machinery impairs the mRNA splicing, leading to accumulation of unprocessed RNAs in the parasite and thus dysregulate vital cellular functions, which in turn leads to execution of apoptosis-like cell death. Our results establish one of the possible mechanisms of instigation of cell death by organelle stress inPlasmodium.