bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Proteksi Katodik Menggunakan Zinc Anode Untuk Menghambat Korosi Pada Lambung Kapal Port Link Vii Jakarta
Authors: Ihza Mahendra Teddy , Dwisetiono Dwisetiono
Published: August 2022

Proteksi katodik adalah salah satu metoda pengendalian laju korosi secara termodinamika dengan cara memperlakukan struktur logam sebagai katoda. Proteksi katodik sangat penting untuk mengurangi laju korosi pada luas permukaan bawah air pelat lambung. Proteksi ini ditempelkan pada bagian kapal yang rentan terhadap korosi air laut, Lebih tepatnya terletak dibawah garis air. Sebagian besar kerusakan pelat konstruksi baja kapal adalah disebabkan oleh adanya proses korosi. Akibat korosi ini menimbulkan kerugian material yang cukup besar, sehingga diperlukan prokteksi untuk mencegah timbulnya korosi tersebut dengan cara menggunakan katodik. Metoda pengendalian korosi pada dasarnya dapat dikelompokkan menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu metode kinetika dan metoda termodinamika. Dalam metoda kinetika pengendalian korosi dilakukan dengan memberi hambatan pada interaksi dengan lingkungannya sehingga laju korosinya dapat dikurangi, tetapi kecenderungan untuk terjadinya korosi itu sendiri tidak diselesaikan, sehingga apabila hambatan ditiadakan korosi akan segera berlangsung lagi. Penerapan proteksi katodik sering dikombinasikan dengan coating. Tujuannya adalah  untuk melindungi baja pada saat coating mengalami kerusakan.
A Service Evaluation of Adherence with Antimicrobial Guidelines in the Treatment of Community Acquired Pneumonia before and during the SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak
Authors: Howley Fergal , Keating Donal , Kelly Mary , O'Connor Roisin , O'Riordan Ruth
Published: August 2022

Background:Antimicrobial stewardship is essential to reducing antimicrobial resistance, reducing costs and, crucially, ensuring good patient care. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common medical condition, the symptoms of which show significant overlap with those of Covid-19. Following the Covid-19 outbreak in Ireland, patients presenting to our hospital with features of a respiratory infection were more commonly reviewed within 24-hours of admission by an infectious disease (ID) or respiratory specialist.Aims:We aimed to assess how the change in service provision with increased frequency of specialist review in CAP during the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic affected antimicrobial stewardship and prescribing practices. Methods:Patients treated for CAP from the months of March-April 2020 were included. Retrospective data including demographics, CURB-65 score, and antimicrobial therapy were collected. Data were compared with a similar cohort treated for CAP between November 2019 and January 2020. Results:76 patients were included from the March-April 2020 cohort, with 77 from November 2019-January 2020 for comparison. An ID or respiratory specialist reviewed 35 patients from the March-April cohort within 24 hours of admission. There was a higher rate of appropriate escalation, de-escalation and continuation of antibiotics among those reviewed. Less than 20% of patients were started on antibiotics in accordance with CAP guidelines on admission, though the antibiotics initiated were frequently deemed appropriate in the clinical setting.Conclusions:Specialist review increases rates of appropriate antimicrobial prescribing and adherence with hospital guidelines in patients with CAP.
Ferroptosis-related lncRNA NRAV affects the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-375-3P/SLC7A11 axis
Authors:   1
Published: August 2022

Ferroptosis has important value in cancer treatment. It is significant to explore thenew ferroptosis-related lncRNAs(FRLs) prediction model in Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) and the potential molecular mechanism of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs. Weconstructed a prognostic multi-lncRNA signature based on ferroptosis-relateddifferentially expressed lncRNAs in HCC. qRT-PCR was applied to determine theexpression of lncRNA in HCC cells. The biological roles of NRAV in vitro and in vivowere determined by performing a series of functional experiments. Further, dualluciferasereporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to confirm theinteraction of NRAV with miR-375-3P. We identified 6 differently expressed lncRNAsassociated with the prognosis of HCC. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed the high-risklncRNAs signature associated with poor prognosis of HCC. Moreover, the AUC of thelncRNAs signature showed the utility in predicting HCC prognosis. Further functionalexperiments show that the high expression of NRAV can strengthen the viciousness ofHCC. Interestingly, we found that NRAV can enhance iron export and ferroptosisresistance. Further research showed NRAV via competitively binds to miR-375-3P andattenuates the inhibitory effect of miR-375-3P on SLC7A11, affecting the prognosis ofpatients with HCC. In conclusion, We developed a novel FRLs prognostic model withimportant predictive value for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. NRAV plays animportant role in ferroptosis induction through the miR-375-3P/SLC7A11 axis.
Anti-Biofilm Activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens Culture Supernatants on Biofilm Formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis 1457
Authors: Choi Euna , Wells Bethany , Mirabella Gabrielle , Atkins Emilee , Choi Sunga
Published: August 2022

Objective: Staphylococcus epidermidis is a skin colonizer and one of the major causes of nosocomial infections that can lead to sepsis. It causes opportunistic infections by forming biofilms. To understand its mechanisms of biofilm formation and to develop inhibitors, S. epidermidis 1457 were treated with the culture supernatant (CS) of Pseudomonas fluorescens . Results: P. fluorescens CS specifically targeted the maturation stage of S. epidermidis biofilm while not affecting its planktonic growth. RT-qPCR analysis revealed that P. fluorescens CS significantly downregulated S. epidermidis ica genes and upregulated an ica repressor, tcaR . This indicates the inhibitory components in CS acted by reducing polysaccharide intercellular adhesin synthesis, a major component of the S. epidermidis 1457 biofilm matrix. The inhibitory effects of the P. fluorescens CS hold a potential use for preventing and inhibiting S. epidermidis biofilm in medical devices, providing a novel strategy for controlling staphylococcal infections in hospitals.
Purse-string versus linear for closure of the skin wound following stoma reversal: A meta-analysis with RCT and systematic review
Authors: Luo Jinlong , Yang Hua , Peng Xuefeng , Chen Jin , Zhang Faqiang , Yang Lie , Jiang Huaiwu
Published: August 2022

BackgroundLinear closure (LC) following stoma reversal have been reported to have a high risk of surgical site infection (SSI). Previous literature has shown that Purse-string closure (PSC) can effectively reduce the incidence of SSI. However, there are still a lack of evidence-based studies.Methods We conducted a search in Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Database and VIP Chinese Sci-tech Journal Database, and conducted a randomized controlled experiment from early 2022 to February 2022. Among them, surgical site infection rate (SSI) within 30 days, operation time, hospitalization time, incisional hernia and wound healing time are all outcome indicators.Results A total of nine studies were included in this meta-analysis (441 patients in the purse-string closure group and 395 in the linear closure group). The pooled data showed the rate of SSI was statistically lower in the purse-string closure group than in the linear closure group (OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.08,0.24; p﹤0.00001; I2=0%). What is not statistically significant is the difference of operation time, hospitalization time, incision hernia and wound healing time.Conclusions PSC has a significantly lower rate of SSI following stoma reversal than LC.
Silicon application to soil increases the yield and quality of table grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) grown in a semiarid climate of Brazil
Authors: Nascimento Clístenes Williams Araújo do , Silva Fernando Bruno Vieira da , Lima Luiz Henrique Vieira , Silva Josévaldo Ribeiro , Veloso Venâncio de Lima , de Freitas Sérgio Tonetto , Santos Luana Ferreira dos , Santos Monaliza Alves dos , Silva Franklone Lima da
Published: August 2022

Purpose: Silicon (Si) acts to reduce biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Herein, we aimed to assess the impact of an amorphous silica-based fertilizer (ASF) applied to soil on the yield, mineral nutrition, chlorophyll fluorescence, and postharvest quality of two cultivars of table grapes grown in a semiarid climate. Methods: The cultivars Arra 15 and BRS Vitoria were submitted to the treatments control, 175 or 350 kg ha-1 ASF. Leaf and fruit samples were collected and analyzed for Si, nutrients, and postharvest quality characteristics. Photosynthetic efficiency was assessed by measuring chlorophyll a fluorescence . Results: Both cultivars showed significant responses to Si with the ASF rates of 175 and 350 kg ha-1. The characteristics improved through ASF application compared to the control were: fruit production (6 - 22 %), bunch weight (11 %), number of berries (20 - 34 %), berry crunchiness (20 %), the content of total soluble solids (13 – 20 %), the titratable acidity (13 %), the accumulation of macro and micronutrients (12 – 45 %) and the photosynthetic efficiency (5 – 33 %). Conclusions: Soil-applied Si increases the yield and quality of grapes by improving the plant response to abiotic stresses, being such effects more significant in the dry season.
Overweight and Associated Factors among Lactating Women Visiting Governmental Health Facilities of Gondar Town, 2021
Authors: Yimer Asmare , Worku Netsanet , Fentie melkitu , Yimer Bezenaw
Published: August 2022

IntroductionOverweight after postnatal period can exposed for different health problems in latter time of mothers. However, it gives little emphasis for postnatal over weight complications and no study done on mothers after postnatal overweight consequence. the aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of overweight among lactating mothers at postnatal period.Methodswe employed data from 609 lactating women. Institutional based cross - sectional study was deployed. using bivariable and multiple variable logistic regression modelResultsThe overall prevalence of overweight among lactating mothers was 22.2%. Women aged 25–29 years were 275 in number which is nearly half of the total respondents (45.2%). The mean age was 27.7 _+4.6 SD. Family history of obesity [AOR = 23 (95% 11.976–44.431) eating additional food [AOR 2.0 95% CI (1.104, 3.778l) doing exercise [AOR = 0.26 (95% CI (0.140, 0.4290).ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight was high compared with country Ethiopian demographic health survey data. Occupation, Exercise, Family Obesity history, Wealth index, eats additional meal, nutrition information, and media had significant associated with overweight.
Freestanding LiPON: from Fundamental Study to Uniformly Dense Li Metal Deposition Under Zero External Pressure
Authors: Cheng Diyi , Wynn Thomas , Lu Bingyu , Han Bing , Shimizu Ryosuke , Sreenaraya Bhagath , Marple Maxwell , Yang Yangyuchen , Nguyen Han , Li Weikang , Zhu Guomin , Zhang Minghao , Meng Ying Shirley
Published: August 2022

Lithium phosphorus oxynitride (LiPON) is a well-known amorphous thin film solid electrolyte that has been extensively studied in the last three decades. Despite the promises to enable Li metal anode and various cathode materials, the presence of rigid substrate and LiPON’s unique amorphous, air-sensitive characteristics set limitations to comprehensively understand its intrinsic properties for next-stage advancement and applications. This work demonstrates a different methodology to synthesize LiPON in a freestanding form that removes the substrate. The freestanding LiPON (FS-LiPON) exhibits remarkable flexibility, with controllable film thickness and large-scale production compatibility. Benefited from the freestanding form, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ss-NMR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are able to attain high S/N ratio to determine the local bonding structures and glass transition temperature of LiPON. In the presence of interfacial stress and a seeding layer, FS-LiPON demonstrates a uniform and fully dense Li metal deposition without the aid of external pressure. Such a FS-LiPON film offers new opportunities for fundamental study of LiPON material and associated interfaces, and provide perspectives for interface engineering in bulk solid-state battery.
The immune cell landscape and response of Marek’s disease resistant and susceptible chickens infected with Marek’s disease virus
Authors: Warren Wesley C. , Rice Edward S. , Meyer Ashley , Hearn Cari J. , Steep Alec , Hunt Henry D. , Monson Melissa S. , Lamont Susan J. , Cheng Hans H.
Published: August 2022

Genetically resistant or susceptible chickens to Marek’s disease (MD) have been widely used models to identify the molecular determinants of these phenotypes. However, these prior studies lacked the basic identification and understanding of immune cell types that could be translated toward improved MD control. To gain insights into specific immune cell types and their responses to Marek’s disease virus (MDV) infection, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) on splenic cells from MD resistant and susceptible birds. Totally, 14,378 cells formed clusters that identified various immune cell types. Lymphocytes, specifically T cell subtypes, were the most abundant with significant proportional changes in some subtypes upon infection. The largest number of differentially expressed genes (DEG) response was seen in granulocytes, while macrophage DEGs differed in directionality by subtype and line. Among the most DEG in almost all immune cell types were granzyme and granulysin, both associated with cell-perforating processes. Protein interactive network analyses revealed multiple overlapping canonical pathways within both lymphoid and myeloid cell lineages. This initial estimation of the chicken immune cell type landscape and its accompanying response will greatly aid efforts in identifying specific cell types and improving our knowledge of host response to viral infection.
Climate change and tuberculosis drive non-adaptive shifts in the faecal microbiota of wild meerkats
Authors: Risely Alice , Müller-Klein Nadine , Schmid Dominik , Wilhelm Kerstin , Clutton-Brock Tim , Manser Marta , Sommer Simone
Published: August 2022

Climate change and climate-driven increases in infectious disease threaten wildlife populations globally. Yet, their combined long-term effects on gut microbial communities remain unknown. Over the past two decades, wild meerkats inhabiting the Kalahari have experienced rapid climate change paired with increasing tuberculosis (TB) disease prevalence. Here we show that over this period the meerkat faecal microbiota has become inflated in Bacteroides and Fusobacterium, and depleted in members of Bacilli. Changes were underpinned by both rainfall patterns and TB status, with increasing taxa primarily linked to TB infection, and decreasing taxa primarily associated with drought. A decline in co-occurring clusters of Bacilli was associated with decreased survival, suggesting that shifts may not be adaptive but rather reflect a breakdown in microbial homeostasis. Our findings demonstrate that the impact of climate change and infectious diseases extends beyond hosts to gut microbial communities, potentially accelerating threats to wildlife health and survival.
Prediction of road traffic fatalities in the six most populous provinces of Iran, 2015-2016
Authors: Jahanjoo Fatemeh , Sadeghi-Bazargani Homayoun , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad
Published: August 2022

Background Prevention of Road traffic deaths as a critical public health issue requires coordinated efforts. We aimed to determine influential factors related to traffic safety in Iran as a low-income country (LIC). Methods In this study with a cross-sectional design, the information of 384,614 road traffic crashes recorded in Integrated Road Traffic Injury Registry System (IRTIRS) in a one-year period (March 2015 - March 2016) was analyzed. All registered crashes in Tehran, Isfan, Fras, Razavi Khorasan, Khuzestan and East Azerbaijan provinces, the six most populated provinces in Iran was included in this study. The data was in five main section namely crash scene, vehicle-, driver-, passenger- and pedestrian- related information. Multiple logistic regression applied through STATA software was used for data analysis. Results Over all the final model could identified thirty-two out of seventy-one different variables to be effective in road collisions. The following factors were found to increase the rate of fatal crashes at least by two time: be the most five significant in predicting fatal outcome in road traffic crashes: presence of passenger, unlicensed driving, illegal driving maneuver, head-on collision, crashes in suburban areas, occurrence of multiple causes for collision, vehicles with not personal-regional plaques, presence of pedestrians, drivers with low-income jobs, driver misconduct, roads with double solid lines, non-residential areas, multiple road defects. Conclusion This study reveals that driving behavior, infrastructure design and geometric road factors must be considered to avoid fatal crashes. Our results provide support for compulsory interventions in these areas.
Gut Microbiome Dynamics and Associations with Mortality in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Salameh Tarik J. , Roth Katharine , Schultz Lisa , Ma Zhexi , Bonavia Anthony S. , Broach James R. , Hu Bin , Howrylak Judie A.
Published: August 2022

BackgroundCritical illness and care within the intensive care unit (ICU) leads to profound changes in the composition of the gut microbiome. The impact of such changes on the patients and their subsequent disease course remains uncertain. We hypothesized that specific changes in the gut microbiome would be more harmful than others, leading to increased mortality in critically ill patients. MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of critically ill adults in the ICU. We obtained rectal swabs from 52 patients and assessed the composition the gut microbiome using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We followed patients throughout their ICU course and evaluated their mortality rate at 28 days following admission to the ICU. We used selbal, a machine learning method, to identify the balance of microbial taxa most closely associated with 28-day mortality. ResultsWe found that a proportional ratio of four taxa could be used to distinguish patients with a higher risk of mortality from patients with a lower risk of mortality (p = 0.02). We named this binarized ratio our microbiome mortality index (MMI). Patients with a high MMI had a higher 28-day mortality compared to those with a low MMI (hazard ratio, 2.2, 95% confidence interval 1.1-4.3), and remained significant after adjustment for other ICU mortality predictors, including the presence of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score (hazard ratio, 2.5, 95% confidence interval 1.4-4.7). High mortality was driven by taxa from the Anaerococcus (genus) and Enterobacteriaceae (family), while lower mortality was driven by Parasutterella and Campylobacter (genera). ConclusionsDysbiosis in the gut of critically ill patients is an independent risk factor for increased mortality at 28 days after adjustment for clinically significant confounders. Gut dysbiosis may represent a potential therapeutic target for future ICU interventions.
Thioredoxin-interacting protein deficiency protects against severe acute pancreatitis by suppressing apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1
Authors: Zhu Changju , Liu Yanna , Li Mengke , Mei Chaopeng , Cui Huning , Wang Qiaofang , li jian , Song Yaodong , Cui Mengwei , He Qianqian , Chen Sanyang
Published: August 2022

Acute pancreatitis is a common acute inflammatory abdominal disease. When acute pancreatitis progresses to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), it can lead to systemic inflammation and even multiple organ failure. Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) is an important protein involved in redox reactions of the inflammatory response. However, the specific role of TXNIP in SAP remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) in acute pancreatitis when induced by high doses of arginine. We found that pancreatic damage and the inflammatory response associated with acute pancreatitis were largely restrained in TXNIP knock-out mice but were enhanced in mice overexpressing TXNIP. Interestingly, the phosphorylation of p38, JNK, and ASK1 diminished in TXNIP-KO mice with pancreatitis in comparison with wild-type mice. The role of oxidative stress in SAP was explored in two models: TXNIP and AVV-TXNIP. TXNIP knockdown or the inhibition of ASK1 by gs-4997 abrogated the increase in p-p38, p-JNK, and p-ASK1 in AR42J cells incubated with L-Arg. The administration of gs-4997 to mice with pancreatitis largely reduced the upregulation of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1. Systemic inflammatory reactions and injury in the lungs and kidneys were assessed in TXNIP-KO and AVV-TXNIP mice with expected outcomes. In conclusion, TXNIP is a novel mediator of SAP and exerts action by regulating inflammatory responses and oxidative stress via the ASK1-dependent activation of the JNK/p38 pathways. Thus, targeting TXNIP may represent a promising approach to protect against SAP.
How talin allosterically activates vinculin
Authors: Franz Florian , Tapia-Rojo Rafael , Katz Sabina , Boujemaa-Paterski Rajaa , Li Wenhong , Unger Tamar , Albeck Shira , Aponte-Santamaría Camilo , Garcia-Manyes Sergi , Medalia Ohad , Geiger Benjamin , Gräter Frauke
Published: August 2022

The talin-vinculin axis is a key mechanosensing component of cellular focal adhesions. How talin and vinculin respond to forces and regulate one another remains unclear. By combining single molecule magnetic tweezer experiments, Molecular Dynamics simulations, actin bundling assays, and adhesion assembly experiments in live cells, we here discover a two-ways allosteric network within vinculin as a regulator of the talin-vinculin interaction. We directly observe a maturation process of vinculin upon talin binding which reinforces the binding to talin at a rate of 0.03 s-1. This allosteric transition can compete with force-induced dissociation of vinculin from talin only at 7-10 pN. Mimicking the allosteric activation by mutation yields a vinculin molecule that bundles actin and localizes to focal adhesions in a force-independent manner. Hence, the allosteric switch confines talin-vinculin interactions and focal adhesion build-up to intermediate force levels. The ‘allosteric vinculin mutant’ is a valuable molecular tool to further dissect the mechanical and biochemical signalling circuits at focal adhesions and elsewhere.
Risk analysis of grade ≥ 2 radiation pneumonitis based on radiotherapy timeline in stage III/IV non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Yang Songhua , Huang Shixiong , Ye Xu , Xiong Kun , Zeng Biao , Shi Yingrui
Published: August 2022

Background: Radiotherapy is an important treatment for patients with stage III/IV NSCLC, and due to its high incidence of radiation pneumonitis , it is essential to identify high-risk people as early as possible. The present work investigates the value of the application of different phase data throughout the radiotherapy process in analyzing risk of grade ≥2 radiation pneumonitis in stage III/IV NSCLC. Furthermore, the phase data fusion was gradually performed with the radiotherapy timeline to develop a risk assessment model.Methods: This study retrospectively collected data from 91 stage III/IV NSCLC cases. Patient data were collected according to the radiotherapy timeline for four phases: clinical characteristics, radiomics features, radiation dosimetry parameters, and hematological indexes during treatment. Risk assessment models for single-phase and stepwise fusion phases were established according to logistic regression. In addition, a nomogram of the final fusion phase model and risk classification system was generated. ROC, decision curve, and calibration curve analysis were conducted to internally validate the nomogram to analyze its discrimination. Results: Smoking status, PTV and lung radiomics feature, lung and esophageal dosimetry parameters, and platelets at the third week of radiotherapy were independent risk factors for the four single-phase models. The ROC result analysis of the risk assessment models created by stepwise phase fusion were: (AUC: 0.67,95ci: 0.52–0.81), (AUC: 0.82,95ci: 0.70–0.94), (AUC: 0.90,95ci: 0.80–1.00), and (AUC:0.90,95ci: 0.80–1.00), respectively. The nomogram based on the final fusion phase model was validated using calibration curve analysis and decision curve analysis, demonstrating good consistency and clinical utility. The nomogram-based risk classification system could correctly classify cases into three diverse risk groups: low-(3.6%; score, 0–135), intermediate-(30.7%, 135–160) and high-risk group (80.0%, > 160). Conclusions: In our study, the risk assessment model makes it easy for physicians to assess the risk of grade ≥ 2 radiation pneumonia at various phases in the radiotherapy process, and the risk classification system and nomogram identify the patient’s risk level after completion of radiation therapy.
Improved Nishihara model considering the effect of moisture content on the whole shear creep process of shale
Authors: Hu Bin , Ma Liyao , Wei Erjian , Cui Kai , Zhang Zhen , wang Zeqi
Published: August 2022

The moisture content is closely related to the shear creep deformation behavior of soft rock, and the linear creep deformation behavior of soft rock can be described by the classical Nishihara model. However, the classical Nishihara model cannot describe the deformation characteristics of the whole process of shear creep including nonlinear deformation of rocks under the influence of moisture content. In this study, we presented an improved Nishihara model that connected a strain-triggered nonlinear dashpot in series on the classical Nishihara model to describe the whole process of rock creep, and a damage factor was proposed to reflect the effect of moisture content on the rock creep characteristics. The damage factors and related model parameters were determined from results of the shear creep tests, which were performed under four moisture conditions (0%, 0.46%, 0.87%, and 1.24%). The comparisons between model predictions and experimental results show that the improved creep constitutive model proposed here can not only describe the whole creep process well, but also reveal the influences of the moisture content on the creep behavior of rock, which demonstrate its accuracy and usefulness.
Relationship between plasma homocysteine and chronic kidney disease in US patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus:a cross-sectional study
Authors: shen zilong , zhang zhengmei , zhao wenjing
Published: August 2022

Aims
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between plasma homocysteine (Hcy) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in US patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
We used data from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES). CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or urinary albumin-creatine ratio ≥ 3 mg/mmol.
Results
This study included 1018 patients with T2DM. The mean Hcy value was 10.2 ± 4.6 µmol/L. Among the patients, 417 (40.96%) had Hyperhomocysteine (HHcy) and 480 (47.15%) had CKD. The Hcy level was higher in patients with CKD than in those without CKD. Compared with patients with normal Hcy, those with HHcy were older and had worse renal function. After full multivariate adjustment, HHcy was positively associated with the risk of CKD in US patients with T2DM (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.11–1.22; P < 0.001). The odds ratio for CKD was 1.15 (95% CI, 1.08 ~ 1.23; P < 0.001) in women and 1.18 (95% CI, 1.1 ~ 1.27; P < 0.001) in men.
Conclusions
HHcy was independently associated with CKD in patients with T2DM. Further prospective studies are warranted to investigate the effect of Hcy on CKD in patients with T2DM.
Modeling of a Homogeneous Isotropic Half Space in Context of Multiphase Lag Coupled Thermoelasticity
Authors: Lahiri Abhijit , Sardar Sumit Sovan , Ghosh Debkumar
Published: August 2022

The current work is concerned about a two dimensional multi phase lag modelof generalised thermoelasticity in an isotropic half space medium. A vector-matrixdifferential equation is obtained from the governing equations using normal modeanalysis. The eigenvalue approach is applied to get the solutions. Numerical computationsfor different components of displacement, stress, strain and temperatureare calculated and represented graphically to show the accuracy in context ofmechanical and thermal loads that applied on the boundary.
Functional interaction between Vangl2 and N-cadherin regulates the planar cell polarization of neural tissues
Authors: Nagaoka Tadahiro , Katsuno Tatsuya , Fujimura Kyoka , Tsuchida Kunihiro , Kishi Masashi
Published: August 2022

Although the core constituents of the Wnt/planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling have been extensively studied, their downstream molecules and protein–protein interactions have not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we show genetic and molecular evidence that the PCP factor, Vangl2, functionally interacts with the cell–cell adhesion molecule, N-cadherin (also known as Cdh2), for typical PCP-dependent neural development. Vangl2 and N-cadherin physically interact in the neural plates undergoing convergent extension. Unlike monogenic heterozygotes, digenic heterozygous mice with Vangl2 and Cdh2 mutants exhibited defects in neural tube closure and cochlear hair cell orientation. Neuroepithelial cells derived from digenic heterozygotes did not show any significant changes in the RhoA–Mypt1 or c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)–Jun pathways of Wnt/PCP signaling. Thus, cooperation between Vangl2 and N-cadherin is at least partly via direct molecular interaction; it is independent of both RhoA and JNK pathways and essential for the polarized development of neural tissues.
Floods and demographics in Thailand, 2005-2019
Authors: Tsuda Hinako , Tebakari Taichi
Published: August 2022

In Thailand, where floods have occurred frequently, it is possible that economic development and population growth in recent years change the way people interact with flood and the way people move when floods occur. In this study, we analyzed the recent (2005–2019) relationship between flooding and population distribution across Thailand to contribute to the planning of adaptation measures to minimize the flood damage caused by climate change. First, the population distribution point data produced by Oak Ridge National Laboratory were used to analyze trends in population movement and distribution from 2009 to 2019, by examining whether the population size at each point throughout Thailand was greater than, less than, or the same as the estimated value. The results suggest that the 2011 and 2017 floods respectively caused the temporary migration of people to areas that were not inundated or to the Bangkok metropolitan area. They also suggest that people’s response to floods changed after the 2011 floods which is said the worst flood in the Thai history. Next, the relationship between the number of points indicating a smaller-than-estimated population and the flood information in the previous year were examined. The flood information includes the inundated area, the number of deaths caused by flooding, and precipitation information. The size of the inundation area had a significant impact on the population decline, especially with correlation coefficients of r = 0.426 for the north and r = 0.501 for the northeast. Similarly, the number of deaths by flooding in the previous year led to a population decline in the following year. However, precipitation in the previous year did not account for the population decline in the following year. Therefore, it is inferred that demographics after floods have regional characteristics and Thai people in recent years are shifting from a lifestyle that included living in harmony with floods to an avoidance of inundation, mostly in local urban areas and Bangkok metropolitan area.
Novel Computer Vision approach for identifying diseased Tomato leaves by Classifying Leaf Images for Pest Identification using ResNet152V2 Architecture
Authors: M Karpagam , A Maheshwari
Published: August 2022

Tomato is an economically important crop plant in India. However, pests, diseases and post-harvest loss makes its cultivation very costly. To overcome one such issue, early detection of pests and diseases is the need of the hour which aids small-scale farmers, who make up a significant portion of the labor force in developing countries, in reducing economic losses. This study intends to assist farmers in making pest management decisions, reducing the usage of unnecessary pesticides and resulting in higher-quality goods. The fact that these illnesses and pests are primarily confined makes it difficult to classify distinct insect species on a large scale due to their high degree of similarity in traits. The accuracy of four architectures: CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks), SVM (Support Vector Machine) and CNN Architectures like ResNet152V2 and EfficientNetV2 is compared in this article. The models were trained using a library of tomato photos. After testing and training architectures, the model that performed best overall can be used in future development, such as developing an app that allows farmers to quickly detect disease. The suggested IoT can be initially applied in greenhouses which are much more confined in terms of space and hence can be effectively integrated.
Levels of contamination by pesticide residues, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in honeys retailed in Europe
Authors: Surma Magdalena , Sadowska-Rociek Anna , Draszanowska Anna
Published: August 2022

Honey is consumed worldwide because of its nutritional, therapeutic and medicinal purposes. Generally, honey is perceived to reach the consumer in a pure form; however, certain contaminants can eventually be found in honey. Thus, this study was designed to check the presence of pesticide residues, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) levels and the content of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in selected European honeys (26 samples) obtained from retail. The most frequently detected organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) was 4,4’-DDD, found in fourteen honey samples. Slovakia rape honey was the most polluted one due to the presence of eight OCPs. The presence of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) was detected in all analysed samples and at least one OP in each sample tested exceeded the acceptable limit. PAHs were detected in most of the analysed samples. Among PAH4, benzo[a]pyrene was found in the forest honey from Slovakia and in the Polish lime origin, whereas wild flower from England contained the highest level of PAH4. The investigated honeys from Spain and France met the requirements for the content of HMF, while the ones of Slovak, Italian and Polish origin in most cases exceeded established levels (40 mg/kg).
A non-steroidal drug “diclofenac” is a substrate for Electrochemical degradation process
Authors: Mussa Zainab Haider , Al-Qaim Fouad Fadhil
Published: August 2022

In electrochemical degradation process, the elimination of organic pollutants could be enhanced using supporting electrolyte and increasing applied voltage. After degradation of organic compound some by-products are formed. Chlorinated products are the main products generated in the presence of sodium chloride. In the present study, diclofenac (DCF) has been electrochemically treated using graphite as anode and sodium chloride (NaCl) as a supporting electrolyte. Monitoring the removal and elucidation the by-products were provided using HPLC and LC-TOF/MS, respectively. High removal% of 94% DCF was observed under conditions: 0.5 g NaCl, 5 volt and 80 min of electrolysis while chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal% was 88% under same conditions but 360 min of electrolysis. Pseudo-first order rate constant values were quite varied based on the selected experimental conditions; the ranges of rate constants were 0.0062–0.054 mni− 1, 0.0024–0.0326 min− 1 under influence of applied voltage and sodium chloride, respectively. The maximum values of consumption energy were 0.93 and 0.55 Wh/mg using 0.1 g NaCl and 7 volt, respectively. Some chlorinated transformed products were selected and elucidated which were C13H18Cl2NO5, C11H10Cl3NO4 and C13H13Cl5NO5 using LC-TOF/MS.
Structure Optimization of National Fitness Sports Big Data Platform Based on IOT Technology
Authors: Song Tao
Published: August 2022

With the development of the times, sports are more and more favored by people, and national fitness has become a new trend in the development of the times. In this context, to win the long-term development of sports, it must realize the integration with big data. At present, data acquisition in the sports field mainly relies on manual capture and machine intelligence recognition. However, the data capture capabilities of the two are limited and cannot provide real-time data support for the intelligent sports big data platform. The IOT is an expandable network with intelligent perception capability, which can sense and acquire sports data in time. Based on this, the article proposed a big data platform for national fitness and sports that integrated the IOT technology. It aimed to optimize the sports big data platform from the perspective of the IOT. And finally an intelligent sports big data platform was realized. The article firstly optimized the underlying structure of the sports big data platform. Then, the data acquisition strategy of the big data platform was improved by using the IOT technology, and the intelligent data acquisition was realized at the technical level. Finally, the article also optimized the structure of the intelligent resources of the sports big data platform, and initially built an intelligent sports big data platform. After data inspection and testing, the article found that the intelligent sports big data platform relying on the Internet of Things technology could further reduce the time and space complexity of data processing, and the running time was reduced by 50% year-on-year. This fully shows that the Internet of Things technology can promote the structural optimization of the sports big data platform.
Drug approval prediction based on the discrepancy between gene perturbation effects in cells and humans
Authors: Kim Sanguk , Park Minhyuk , Kim Donghyo , Kim Inhae , Im Sin-Hyeog
Published: August 2022

Safety failures in clinical trials increase the cost of drug development. Appropriate drug target selection with minimal toxicity is critical for successful drug development. However, the discrepancy in drug target perturbation effects between cells and humans results in safety failures of drugs with poor translatability between preclinical and clinical research. To address this issue, we developed a machine learning framework to predict the probability of drug approval in clinical trials based on the discrepancy between effects on cells/humans. We hypothesized that genes with tolerance and intolerance to perturbation effects on cells and humans, respectively, were associated with drugs having safety problems, such as drugs that failed clinical trials and were withdrawn from markets. For the first time, we demonstrated that drug approval can be predicted based on the discrepancy between gene perturbation effects in cells and humans, which explains the safety failure of drugs during preclinical to clinical translation.
Determination of 19 Fragrance Allergens in Paper Personal Care Products by Headspace SPME-GC-MS with Response Surface Methodology optimization
Authors: Chen Jing , Yi Zonghui , Yin Jiangwei , Dong Simin , Wang Lian , Li Yongxin
Published: August 2022

Fragrance allergens (FAs), which have unique fragrances, have been widely added in wet wipes, diapers, sanitary napkins and other paper personal care products. However, their negative effects on human health and environment cannot be ignored. Meantime, there are more than 1000 FAs, and various FAs may be added in the same product. This work presented a headspace solid phase microextraction combined with GC-MS for the analysis of 19 FAs in paper personal care products, in which the factors affecting the extraction efficiency were optimized by response surface methodology. Under optimal conditions, the performance of this method has been investigated, showing good linearity (R ≥ 0.995) in the range of 2.5×10− 4-1.28×10− 1 µg as well as good precision (RSDs ≤ 20%). The proposed method exhibited the LODs within the range of 1.9×10− 6-6.0×10− 4 µg. Twenty kinds of paper personal care products were analyzed by this method, and 12 FAs including limonene, linalool, benzyl acetate, citral, citronellol, geraniol, benzyl alcohol, phenethyl alcohol, hydroxy citronellal, cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol and isoeugenol, were detected. The detection rate of benzyl alcohol was the highest (80%) with the content from 0.009 mg/kg to 5.73 mg/kg, following by linalool (over 75%) with the content up to 12.30 mg/kg in makeup remover cleansing wipes.
Correlating theory with experimental data on the effect of symmetry on the electrocatalytic behaviour of Co phthalocyanines
Authors: Nkhahle Reitumetse , Molupe Nthabeleng , Mack John , Nyokong Tebello
Published: August 2022

An account on the synthesis of an asymmetric cobalt phthalocyanine, 4-((2(3),16(17),23(24)-tri-tert-butylphthalocyanine-9-yl)oxy)benzoic acid cobalt (II) (complex 1) and its symmetric counterpart, 2,9,16,23-tetra-tert-butylphthalocyanine cobalt (II) (complex 2) is provided in this work. The complexes reported were applied in the electrooxidation of hydrazine with a glassy carbon electrode serving as a support for the electrocatalysts. In comparing the two, complex 1 produced the more favourable result with a higher peak current. A further assessment on the reactivity of the complexes was carried out using theoretical calculations. Using the density functional theory method, the electronic parameters including the gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital, electrophilicity (ω), electronegativity (χ), chemical softness (S) and hardness (η) were determined. The theoretical results deemed complex 1 as the more reactive structure as it had higher values for both the electronegativity and electrophilicity. The donor-acceptor hardness (ηDA) values were also found to be in alignment with the experimental results were complex 1 produced the lower oxidation potential as it had the higher ηDA value.
Study on friction and wear properties of cast iron material in line contact condition based on free abrasive grinding experiment
Authors: Su Yongxiang , Chang Yuchong , Chen Guang , Gao Qian , Ren Chengzu
Published: August 2022

In order to study the friction and wear properties of cast iron in free grinding environment under the condition of line contact. This paper presented a new method to calculate the friction coefficient by measuring the friction torque. Through the self-developed free abrasive grinding experimental device in line contact condition, this work carried out friction and wear experiment with relative speed, load, abrasive particle diameter and abrasive mass fraction as process parameters, and studied the evolution rules of friction coefficient and wear amount of cast iron materials under different process parameters. Based on the response surface method Box-Behnken experimental design, the significance of the experimental results was analyzed, and the prediction model of the friction coefficient and wear amount of cast iron material was established. According to the significance of the prediction model, the influence degree of each process parameter on the friction coefficient and wear amount was revealed. The results showed that under the action of free abrasive, the friction coefficient of cast iron material in line contact with GCr15 is between 0.18 and 0.35. When the experimental time is 1.5h, the removal amount of cast iron material is between 20mg and 65mg. Which is significantly increased compared with that without abrasive and the wearing capacity of cast iron increases with the increase of relative speed, load, abrasive particle diameter and abrasive mass fraction. The friction coefficient had a negative correlation with relative speed, and a positive correlation with abrasive particle diameter and abrasive mass fraction, With the increase of load, the change of friction coefficient decreased first and then increased. The influence degree of each process parameter on the friction coefficient and wear amount of cast iron material: the particle diameter and relative velocity of abrasive were relatively significant, the abrasive mass fraction was the second, and the load was the smallest. Through random experiments, the prediction model of friction coefficient and wearing capacity were verified to be highly accuracy, and could be used to predict the friction and wear performance parameters of cast iron materials in the process of free grinding under the condition of line contact. It provided a certain theoretical basis for the friction and wear behavior of cast iron as a grinding tool material in the grinding process.
Secure secondary utilization system of genomic data using quantum secure cloud
Authors: Fujiwara Mikio , Hashimoto Hiroki , Doi Kazuaki , Kujiraoka Mamiko , Tanizawa Yoshimichi , Ishida Yusuke , Sasaki Masahide , Nagasaki Masao
Published: August 2022

Secure storage and secondary use of individual human genome data is increasingly important for genome research and personalized medicine. Currently, it is necessary to store whole genome sequencing information (FASTQ data) itself, which enables detections of denovo mutations and structural variations in the analysis of hereditary diseases and cancer. Furthermore, bioinformatics tools to analyze FASTQ data are frequently updated to improve the precision and recall of detected variants. However, existing secure secondary use of data, such as multi-party computation or homomorphic encryption, only can handle a limited algorithms and usually requires huge computational resources. Here, we developed a high-performance one-stop system for large-scale genome data analysis with secure secondary use of data to the data owner and multiple users with different data access control. Our quantum secure cloud system is a distributed secure genomic data analysis system (DSGD) with “a trusted server” built on a quantum secure cloud, Tokyo QKD Network under the information-theoretically secure. The trusted server will be capable of deploying and running a variety of sequencing analysis hardware, such as GPUs and FPGAs, as well as CPU-based software. We demonstrated DSGD achieved comparable throughput between with and without encryption on the “a trusted server”. Therefore, our system would be ready to be installed to the research institutes and hospitals that makes diagnoses based on whole genome sequencing on a daily basis.