bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Accessibility of education for persons with disabilities in China: transforming special and inclusive education
Authors: Zhao Sh. , Kokhan S. T.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. The existing education system in the modern world is built on the principles of ensuring equal accessibility to all citizens of the right to receive education, regardless of their functional capabilities. In China, over the past 30 years, the concept of integrated education has made some progress. At the same time, the Chinese educational system is constantly looking for adequate solutions to eliminate barriers in the education of people with disabilities.

Purpose setting. The purpose of the article is to analyze the effectiveness of the stages of development and improvement of special and inclusive forms of education aimed at eliminating existing problems of discrimination against persons with disabilities, respect for the rights and learning opportunities for persons with disabilities.

Methodology of the study. A theoretical review based on the materials of Chinese and foreign authors is presented, which explains the long-term aspects of the formation and development in the PRC of accessible forms of education for schoolchildren and students with special educational needs.

Results. The gradual development of the pedagogical method – «education in one class», only in the recent past, has been formed into a relatively complete integrated system of school education, which is inseparable from the guiding ideology and institutional guarantees of Chinese inclusive education. The symbiosis of general and higher vocational education adapted to the needs of people with disabilities ultimately allows Chinese citizens to better integrate into society, creating an atmosphere of equality and tolerance.

Conclusion. It is shown that the innovative process in the field of formation of inclusive education depends entirely on the strategy of Chinese state policy, which considers the priority of the progressive stable economic and social development of the country.
The method of graphical rank analysis in the study of ratings of educational institutions
Authors: Gurina R. V. , Leontieva L. N. , Kosheva V. V.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Educational institutions (EI) ratings presented in a list or in the form of rating tables do not give an idea of the adequacy and objectivity of the system of criteria and rating indicators chosen by managers. Therefore, the published EI ratings, including in 2021, are criticized, require confirmation of the adequacy of their criteria and indicators by other methods. This is the method of graphical rank analysis in combination with the coenological approach. This method also makes it possible to identify any set of objects with a coenosis.

Purpose setting. The appearance in Russia of a new type of EI – online schools determined the first task of the study, which is to answer the question: "Is the totality of Russian online schools a random set of objects or is it a new kind of sociocoenosis?" The second task of the study is to test and apply the method of graphical rank analysis based on coenological approach to assessing the ratings of educational institutions in 2021 by analogy with the methodology for assessing the validity of test tasks developed earlier.

Methodology of the study. Graphical rank analysis with a coenological approach is based on the construction of graphical rank distributions using computer technology and their approximation to a hyperbolic function – the dependence of the parameter under study (in our case, the rating quality indicator) in descending order from the increasing rank number r = 1, 2, 3,…. The coincidence of the empirical and theoretical graphs of rank distributions indicates that this set of objects belongs to the coenosis (or to its population – part of the coenosis).

Results. The results of applying graphical rank analysis to a new phenomenon in the Russian education system – online schools are presented and it is proved that this new community of online schools is a new type of sociocoenosis in the systematics of educational institutions in Russia. The possibility of applying the method of graphical rank analysis with a coenological approach to the evaluation of the ratings of EI is shown. This method made it possible to determine the quality levels of rating systems for evaluating the activities of educational institutions. The evaluation of the ratings of educational institutions in 2021, conducted using this method, showed average and high levels of quality of the ratings considered.

Conclusion. The method of graphical rank analysis with a coenological approach allows us to quickly and effectively assess the adequacy of the rating of educational institutions in a formal mathematical way without delving into the content of each rating indicator, which is its scientific value, theoretical and practical significance.
Competency-based approach to professional training in the context of the expansion of digital globalization
Authors: Zhukovskaya L. N. , Kostylev S. V. , Morozova O. F. , Rakhinsky D. V.
Published: July 2022

Introduction. Based on the analysis of changes in the educational environment described in the pedagogical, sociological, and philosophical literature, the authors of the article seek to identify the determinants and possibilities of a competency-based approach to vocational training.

Purpose setting. The tasks of modernizing vocational education in the context of digital globalization come into view. The breadth of the research fi in which digital globalization is determined, its tendencies, essential features have led the authors to the need for methodological research. The inconsistency, thematic scattering of studies that have the object of digitalization in all its manifestations predetermined the interest in professionalism, where the synthesizing origins of modern universalism are found. Under the influence of informatization and digitalization, a special sphere is emerging, which becomes the foundation of professional activity.

Methodology of the study. The article proves that the competency-based approach, which has repeatedly demonstrated its heuristic significance, is clearly not used enough when implementing the tasks of digitalization, minimizing its negative consequences, and enhancing the potential of information culture. It is shown that basic competencies, professional competencies and basic qualifications have a complex, including hierarchical structure. The comprehension of the competency-based approach is proposed in connection with the post-non-classical model of vocational education and the paradigms of pedagogical influence and personal social activity.

Results. Increasing the openness and flexibility of the educational process makes new demands on its organizers. The transition from empirical research to theoretical rethinking of specific tasks should be based on methodologically verified guidelines. Scientific research is based on philosophical, general scientific ideas and reflexive-methodological analysis. Reflexive practice at the same time affects all levels of professional training and its origins at the general educational level.

Conclusion. The competency-based approach opens up new opportunities for practice-oriented education, and the open nature of the paradigms applied in this case will allow us to see the prospects for digitalization.
Determining the Effectiveness of Critical Controls in Construction Projects
Authors: Selleck Roberta J. , Hassall Maureen , Cattani Marcus
Published: July 2022

Across the global construction industry, fatalities continue to occur from high-risk activities where the risk controls have been defined, however were unreliable. In the mining industry, Critical Control Risk Management has provided positive results in reducing major accidents, which raises the question, could the Critical Control approach reduce the fatality rate in the construction industry? This study analysed 10 years of serious and fatal incident investigation reports from four international construction companies to i) assess the reliability of their Critical Controls (CCs) and ii) assess the factors which affect the reliability of CCs. The results show the reliability of CCs, measured by implementation and effectiveness, averaged just 42%. Human performance factors including risk identification, decision-making and competency together with supervision, job planning, communication organisational factors were identified as affecting the reliability of CCs. The study used bow-tie diagrams with real event data to find the actual CC effectiveness. This gave actionable findings directly related to individual CCs enabling the participating organization to focus resources on improving specific verification processes. The results confirm the applicability of CCs for the Major Accident Event hazards analyzed and highlights further review is required of the factors which need to be considered when implementing a CC program. This paper details our methodology and results, to assist others apply CCs as a risk management tool.
Identification of the Farm Animals Immune to Pathogens of Zoonotic Infectious Diseases in the Republic of Guinea
Authors: Naidenova E. V. , Kartashov M. Yu. , Shevtsova A. P. , Shipovalov A. V. , Kabanov A. S. , Boldyrev N. D. , Krivosheina E. I. , Diallo M. G. , Nassour A. A. , Bah M. B. , Nourdine I. , Keyra M. , Kaba L. , Camara S. , Diallo M. T. , Boumbaly S. , Sidime Y. , Kutyrev V. V.
Published: July 2022

The most common anthropozoonoses on the African continent are coxiellosis and Rift Valley fever. It is known that detection of specific IgG antibodies in the blood sera of farm animals is one of the indicators of the pathogen circulation in a certain territory. The aim of the work was to identify specific IgG antibodies in the blood sera of farm animals collected on the territory of the Republic of Guinea to pathogens of zoonotic infectious diseases: coxiellosis, brucellosis, glanders, CCHF, West Nile and Rift Valley fevers, using enzyme immunoassay (ELISA). Materials and methods. A panel of 970 samples of blood sera from farm animals inhabiting all landscape-geographical zones of Guinea was compiled for the work. Identification of specific antibodies was carried out using enzyme immunoassay with preparations recommended for veterinary studies. Results and discussion. Specific antibodies to zoonoses were detected in 700 out of 1074 samples (65.2 % of the total), including: to Coxiella burnetii – in 172 (16.0 %); to Brucella spp. – in 212 (19.7 %); viruses of Rift Valley fever – 85 (7.9 %); CCHF – in 139 (12.9 %) and West Nile fever – in 92 (8.6 %). Antibodies to Burkholderia mallei were not found in the tested material. Positive samples were registered in all landscape-geographical zones. Thus, an urgent task is to continue studying the circulation of pathogens of zoonoses and anthropozoonoses in the territory of the Republic of Guinea and to organize regular monitoring over the spread of zoonotic infectious diseases in collaboration with veterinary services, which will allow timely forecasting and coordinating prophylactic (anti-epidemic) measures to prevent cases of diseases.
Infectious Diseases in the Americas Region that Are Relevant to the Global Surveillance and Control
Authors: Udovichenko S. K. , Nikitin D. N. , Boroday N. V. , Ivanova A. V. , Putintseva E. V. , Viktorov D. V. , Toporkov A. V. , Kostyleva A. A.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the work was information-analytical assessment of the epidemiological situation on infectious diseases that are potentially or truly dangerous in terms of occurrence of emergencies of sanitary-epidemiological nature in the Region of Americas.

Materials and methods. The study was based on the official reports of the WHO, the Pan American Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the national Ministries of Health, data from the ProMED information portal, the Global Network for the Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases, and published scientific papers.

Results and discussion. By the model of the Americas, regional epidemiological features have been established, including the endemicity (enzooticity) of territories according to the most relevant nosological forms and the intensity of the epidemic process manifestations. It is shown that the main epidemiological risks in the countries of Central, South America and the Caribbean are associated with dengue, Zika, Chikungunya fevers characterized by a wide territorial dissemination and the ability to cause large-scale epidemic outbreaks, in the countries of North America – West Nile fever. Other infections of international concern include: cholera, that twice caused epidemics of imported origin during the seventh pandemic, which changed the structure of world morbidity; plague, manifested in an annual incidence, including with a complication by the pneumonic form, which determines an increased potential danger of anthropogenic spread; malaria, demonstrating an upward trend in morbidity and the number of intra-continental imported cases; yellow fever, characterized by the activation of natural foci and the expansion of the territories of potential pathogen transmission. The data obtained can serve as a basis for assessing the risks of infectious disease introduction from the American Region into safe territories, improving epidemiological forecasting and validity in making managerial decisions when conducting sanitary and anti-epidemic (preventive) measures.
Genetic Markers for Detecting the DNA of Pathogenic Borrelia
Authors: Khammadov N. I. , Khamidullina A. I.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to analyze the genetic markers of Lyme disease pathogens, which can be used to specifically indicate maximum number of their strains and isolates.

Materials and methods. The nucleotide sequences of various genes of Borrelia garinii, B. afzelii, B. burgdorferi were downloaded from the NCBI database (National Center for Biological Informatization). The occurrence of the analyzed nucleotide sequences in the genetic code of various organisms was determined in the nBLAST software utility. For the design of primers and probes, the Vector NTI 9.1.0 program (“Invitrogen Corporation”, Carlsbad, USA) was used. DNA was isolated using the MAGNO-sorb kit, version 100-200 (“AmpliSens”, Moscow, Russia), according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Primers and probes were synthesized at “Evrogen” company (Moscow, Russia). For PCR, reagents manufactured by “Synthol” company (Moscow, Russia) were applied.

Results and discussion. In order to perform the reliable indication of pathogenic Borrelia, specific loci (genes) of B. garinii, B. afzelii, B. burgdorferi, which were significantly different from the genetic code of other representatives of the genus Borrelia and from the DNA of other organisms, have been determined by molecular-genetic methods. As a result of a preliminary determination of the analytical significance of the studied loci, the following genes and loci were selected for further work: pepX, clpA, ospA, p83/100, ospC and flaB, of which the flaB and ospA genes were selected for practical indication of pathogenic Borrelia DNA. The genetic markers of B. burgdorferi and B. afzelii are displayed during amplification of the flaB gene, while B. garinii and B. afzelii occur when the ospA gene is used as a genetic marker.
Efficiency of Using the Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor Generator “Fhileas 75” for Disinfection of the Air Ducts of separately Ventilated system for Infected Animal Housing
Authors: Germanchuk V. G. , Kislitsina E. V. , Lobovikova О. A. , Mironova N. P. , Shavina N. Yu. , Gordeeva M. V.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the work was to evaluate the efficiency of using the “Fhileas 75” hydrogen peroxide vapor generator for decontaminating the air ducts of the individually ventilated system, “Bio A.S.”, for housing of infected animals.

Materials and methods. The hydrogen peroxide vapor generator “Fhileas 75” (France), a disinfectant manufactured by “FHILEASAFE” (7 % hydrogen peroxide solution and 0.15 % peracetic acid solution), separately ventilated system “Bio A.S.” (Germany) for the infected animal housing were applied in the work. Serratia marcescens 9 was used as test-culture.

Results and discussion. The efficiency of using the hydrogen peroxide vapor generator “Fhileas 75” for decontamination of air ducts and internal surfaces of the rack of the individually ventilated system “Bio A.S.” on the test-culture S. marcescens 9 at 1·106 mc/ml concentration has been established (operation parameters of the individually ventilated system unit are as follows: air exchange rate – 60 changes per hour, air flow volume – 28 m3/hour, number of disinfection cycles – 5, disinfectant spraying time – 97 min, exposure time – 24 hours).
Concerning Criteria for transfer of Attenuated Yersinia pestis strains from Pathogenicity (Hazard) Group I into Pathogenicity Group III
Authors: Dentovskaya S. V. , Trunyakova A. S. , Vagaiskaya A. S. , Platonov M. E. , Tyurin E. A. , Anisimov A. P.
Published: July 2022

Live vaccines induce both cellular and humoral immunity and are cheap and easy to use. The induction of immunity is provided through the reproduction of the vaccine strain in the host body without the development of the disease, since the bacterium to which it is necessary to induce the immunity is characterized by reduced virulence (attenuation). The first generation of attenuated strains was chosen from a variety of spontaneous or physically, chemically and biologically induced mutants after virulence assessment. The rapid development of molecular genetics makes it possible to significantly reduce the time of pathogen attenuation via obtaining knockout mutants with genes selected by a researcher or by inserting “avirulence genes” into the genome. But, given that the methodological aspects of the design of avirulent strains are basically clarified, the absence of officially established criteria for assessing the hazard in regulatory documents hinders the determination of the degree of attenuation. In this regard, there is a need for changes in the procedure for accounting and storage of bacterial cultures, as well as regulation of the process of transferring plague pathogen avirulent strains from the 1st into the 3rd pathogenicity group for subsequent use in the vaccine preparations development. Thereat, the requirements to methodological aspects of the safe generation of attenuated Yersinia pestis strains and the criteria for testing the virulence loss should be maintained at high levels
Viability of sARs-CoV-2 Coronavirus strains on Different types of test surfaces, in Drinking Water and Their Resistance to Disinfectants
Authors: Zolin V. V. , Os’kina O. P. , Solodky V. V. , Ovchinnikova A. S. , Agafonov A. P. , Maksyutov R. A.
Published: July 2022

The purpose of the research was to study the dynamics of residual infectious activity of SARS-CoV-2 virus strains belonging to different genovariants, on different types of surfaces, in samples of drinking dechlorinated water at 24–28 °C, as well as their resistance to disinfectants.

Materials and methods. The studies were carried out using SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus strains obtained from the State Collection of Causative Agents of Viral Infectious Diseases and Rickettsiosis, which operates at the premises of the SSC VB “Vector”. The evaluation of the residual infectivity of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus was carried out through titration of samples in cell culture.

Results and discussion. The conducted studies have confirmed the ability of all investigated strains of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus to maintain their infectious activity at 24–28 °C on most of the examined types of test surfaces for at least 48 hours, while the virus is best preserved on stainless steel and plastic. All studied strains of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus are viable in drinking dechlorinated water for at least 48 hours. In addition, it has been found that all of them are sensitive to disinfectants of different groups, widely used for disinfection when working with pathogenic biological agents or for treating hands and surfaces contaminated with viruses. Chlorine-containing disinfectants are the most active. Skin antiseptics based on ethyl and isopropyl alcohols are suitable for disinfecting hands and objects contaminated with the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Quality of life in aging process: the role of work-related psychosocial conditions and social support
Authors: Gaspar Tania
Published: July 2022

Aging has been a growing source of increased opportunities raised by longevity, but also a growing source of concern,particularly with regard to the mental health and the well-being of elderly people. As such, it is highly relevant to have a better understanding of the relationship between workplace related psychosocial factors and quality of life, not only among working population, but also among retired individuals.

The main objective of this study is to better understand and characterize the relation between quality of life (QoL), work-related psychosocial conditions, and social support for both working and retired adults. Participants were 1.330, 62.2% of which female, with ages ranging between 55 and 75 years old. 47% of the respondents were working and 46 % were retired. Three structural equation models were tested, using the total sample and by labor situation (working and retired). The results showed that the stress management (with a greater effect in retired participants) and the social support (with a greater effect in working participants) have a positive influence on the QoL factor. Better work-related psychosocial conditions and higher social support were predictors of higher/better QoL. Our study allowed us to conclude that QoL is influenced by working situation, social support and work-related psychosocial conditions. This is a powerful message to policy makers in view of the growth of older populations.
Cloud computing y gestión documental en una empresa de servicios BPO, distrito de Magdalena del Mar (Lima-Perú), 2021
Authors:   , Cerna Romero Yusuke Abraham , Delgado Tantaleán Jarlin Yonel
Published: July 2022

Los cambios tecnológicos que se siguen experimentando durante el presente siglo XXI han ocasionado transformaciones radicales en las organizaciones, las cuales han tenido que implementar herramientas tecnológicas con la finalidad de poder seguir compitiendo en el mercado; es a raíz de dichos cambios que el rol del cloud computing ha ido emergiendo como un instrumento para optimizar la gestión empresarial. El propósito principal de la investigación fue determinar la relación entre el cloud computing y la gestión documental en una empresa de servicios BPO; y para una mejor comprensión, cada una de las variables del estudio fue subdividida en tres dimensiones. Metodológicamente, la investigación se desarrolló bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, alcance correlacional y utilizó el diseño no experimental transeccional correlacional-causal; la muestra fue de 45 colaboradores de la empresa, pertenecientes a las Áreas de Recursos Humanos y la Gerencia de Innovación y TI, a los cuales se les administró un cuestionario de 18 ítems estructurados bajo la forma de la escala de Likert. Luego del procesamiento y análisis de la información, se pudo concluir la existencia de una asociación directa y significativa entre el cloud computing y le gestión documental (p <0.05), debido a que se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación de Spearman de 0.596.
Vidangadi Lauha’ for Obese Type 2 Diabetes mellitus; Randomised controlled clinical study
Authors: Khobarkar Punam , Gulhane Jayant , Nakanekar Amit
Published: July 2022

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus in obese persons is becoming alarming due to the increasing prevalence of its microvascular and macro vascular complications. Multitargeted treatment can be considered better than single targeted treatment in view of multiple pathways involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications.Methodology-This open-label randomised controlled clinical study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of ‘Vidangadi Lauha’ (an Ayurveda formulation) in comparison with metformin for obese type II diabetes mellitus. Participants were divided into two groups. The trial group received Vidangadi Lauha 5 gm BID, and the control group received tablet metformin 500 mg BID for a duration of 3 months.Results- Among 550 screened participants, 120 participants were eligible; out of them, 100 participants were enrolled and randomised by a computer-generated method, and of them, 80 patients (40 in each group) completed the trial. Vidangadi Lauha showed a reduction in HbA1c from 8.048 (0.95) to 7.14 (0.73), while metformin showed a reduction in HbA1C from 8.3 (0.99) to 7.18 (0.67).Conclusion-Both treatments were equally effective in reducing blood sugar fasting (F), postmeal (PM) glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) and body mass index (BMI). Vidangadi Lauha is more effective in reducing Ayurvedic symptoms, waist hip ratio and cholesterol than metformin. High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) were improved by minor clinical differences in both groups. Neither treatment had a statistically significant effect on reducing low-density lipoproteins (LDL).
Analysis of the differential expression and prognostic relationship of DEGs in AML based on TCGA database
Authors: Gao Yue , Jia Yinnong , Yu Zhengmin , Ji Xinyu , Liu Xiaowen , Han Lei , Zhang Hengdong , Zhu Baoli , Xu Ming
Published: July 2022

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common and lethal haematological malignant hyperplastic disease originating from hematopoietic stem cells. The purpose of this study is to obtain the key differentially expressed gene (DEG) related to the survival of AML by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and to verify these genes by a clinical follow-up investigation, in order to identify valuable predictive and prognostic biomarkers for early diagnosis of AML and predict the survival rates.Methods: The RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) data and clinical information of TCGA-LAML were downloaded from the TCGA database. After that we 1) screened the survival related DEGs by Cox regression analysis, 2) selected the cytogenetics risk related DEGs by DESeq2 R package, 3) and filtrated the genes in the top10 pathways of up-regulated and down-regulated of Normalization Enrichment Score (NES) by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Finally, we focused the intersectional genes of above three parts as the key gene of our present study. The following Multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to analyze these intersectional genes as independent factors. Proportional hazards assumption was evaluated to test Cox regression model by Schoenfeld residuals. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve and Nomogram were plotted to predict and compare the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates of AML patients. The concordance index (C-index) and calibration curve were used to evaluate the prediction performance of nomogram.Results: A total of 151 RNA-Seq samples for 60488 genes and 200 clinical samples were selected from the TCGA database. 1005 survival related DEGs were obtained by Cox regression analyses (P<0.05, exp (coef)>1), 2291 cytogenetics risk category related DEGs were identified using DESeq2 (log2 Fold Change>1 and P<0.05), and 790 meaningful pathways of cytogenetics risk category were selected from GSEA (abs(NES)≥1, NOM p-val≤0.05 and FDR q-val≤0.25). Screened a key gene IGHM that is related to patient survival rate. The results showed that the IGHM expression and age displayed statistical associations with the survival time of patients (P<0.05). The risk of death in the patients with high expression group of IGHM was 2.07 times higher than those in low expression group (P<0.05). For survival, the 1, 3, and 5-year survival of patients in the high expression group are predicted to be 68%, 43%, and 30%. GSEA analysis revealed that IGHM were mainly enriched in the immune response (BP).Conclusion: High expression of IHGM gene is an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with AML and can be an important molecular marker for predicting the prognosis of patients with AML.
Targeting the Post-Synaptic Proteome in Alzheimer Disease with Psychosis
Authors: Krivinko Josh M , DeChellis-Marks Michael , Zeng Lang , Fan Peihao , Lopez Oscar L. , Ding Ying , Wang Lirong , Kofler Julia , MacDonald Matthew L. , Sweet Robert A.
Published: July 2022

INTRODUCTION: Individuals with Alzheimer Disease who develop psychotic symptoms (AD+P) experience more rapid cognitive and functional decline, and have reduced indices of synaptic integrity, relative to those without psychosis (AD-P). We hypothesized that the postsynaptic density (PSD) proteome is altered in AD+P relative to AD-P, and that this proteomic signature could be used to nominate novel pharmacotherapies. METHODS: Liquid-Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry analysis of PSDs from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of AD+P, AD-P, and cognitively normal elderly subjects. RESULTS: The PSD proteome signature of AD+P was characterized by lower levels of a network of kinases, proteins regulating Rho GTPases, and other regulators of the actin cytoskeleton. Potential novel therapies identified included the C-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 5 inhibitor, maraviroc. DISCUSSION: AD+P is characterized by broad changes in the PSD proteome. Further testing of potential therapies for their ability to reverse these changes and reduce psychotic-like behaviors in model systems is warranted.
Neural-network-based reduced order modeling for nonlinear vertical sloshing with experimental validation
Authors: Pizzoli Marco , Saltari Francesco , Coppotelli Giuliano , Mastroddi Franco
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a nonlinear reduced order model based on neural networks is introduced in order to model vertical sloshing in presence of Rayleigh-Taylor instability of the free surface for use in fluid-structure interaction simulations. A box partially filled with water, representative of a wing tank, is first set on vertical harmonic motion via a controlled electrodynamic shaker. Accelerometers and load cells at the interface between the tank and an electrodynamic shaker are employed to train a neural-network-based reduced order model for vertical sloshing. The model is then investigated for its capacity to consistently simulate the amount of dissipation associated with vertical sloshing under different fluid dynamics regimes. The identified tank is then experimentally attached at the free end of a cantilever beam to test the effectiveness of the neural network in predicting the sloshing forces when coupled with the overall structure. The experimental free response and random seismic excitation responses are then compared with that obtained by simulating an equivalent virtual model in which the identified nonlinear reduced-order model is integrated to account for the effects of violent vertical sloshing.
Pneumococcal Vaccine Schedules (PVS) study: a cluster-randomised, non-inferiority trial of an alternative versus standard schedule for pneumococcal conjugate vaccination: Statistical Analysis Plan
Authors: Mackenzie Grant Austin , Palmu Arto A , Jokinen Jukka , Osei Isaac , Flasche Stefan , Greenwood Brian , Mulholland Kim , Nguyen Cattram
Published: July 2022

RationaleThe effectiveness of universal immunisation with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) has been evident in many countries. However, the global impact of PCV is limited by its cost, which has prevented its introduction in several countries. Reducing the cost of PCV programmes may facilitate vaccine introduction in some countries and improve the sustainability of PCV in EPIs in low-income countries when they transition away from subsidised vaccine supply.Methods and designPVS is a real-world field trial of an alternative schedule of one dose of PCV scheduled at age 6 weeks with a booster dose at age 9 months (i.e. the alternative ‘1+1’ schedule) compared to the standard schedule of three primary doses scheduled at 6, 10, and 14 weeks weeks of age (i.e. the stardard ‘3+0’ schedule). Delivery of the interventions began in late 2019 in 68 geographic clusters and will continue for 4 years. The primary endpoint is prevalence of nasopharyngeal vaccine-type pneumococcal carriage in children aged 2-260 weeks with clinical pneumonia in Year 4. Secondary endpoints are prevalence of vaccine-type pneumococcal carriage among all ages in Year 4 and incidence of radiological pneumonia in children enrolled to receive the interventions. Additional disease and carriage endpoints are included.PurposeThis statistical analysis plan (SAP) describes the cohorts and populations, and follow-up criteria, to be used in different analyses. The SAP defines the endpoints and describes how adherence to the interventions will be presented. We describe how analyses will account for the effect of clustering and stratified randomisation. The SAP defines the approach to non-inferiority and other analyses. Defining the SAP early in the trial will avoid bias in analyses that may arise from prior knowledge of trial findings.
Success Factors of Adaptation of Newly Graduated Nurses: A Scoping Review
Authors: Baharum Hafidza , Ismail Aniza , McKenna Lisa , Mohamed Zainah , Ibrahim Roszita , Hassan Nor Haty
Published: July 2022

Background: Difficulties in adapting to the workplace can affect the transition of new nurses. They must adapt quickly, as this can impact their future career prospects. Therefore, this review aimed to identify success factors that promote effective transition and new nurses’ adaptation. Methods: The study adopted Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews. Data were collected from MEDLINE, Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Web of Science publications between 2011 and 2020. A total of 23 articles were included. The study included qualitative or quantitative primary research studies focusing on contributing factors to helping new nurses adapt to their work environment during the transition period. Thematic analysis was used to identify key emerging themes.Results: Three main themes were identified: (1) Organisational contribution (comprising social development, organisational culture, work characteristics, work readiness, work commitment, and professional role), (2) Personality traits (encompassing self-embodiment, masking personality, being proactive and confident), and (3) Academic institutions (comprising pre-entry knowledge and role of nursing faculty). The process of adaptation for new nurses needs to start during nursing education, supported by the workplace organisation and also driven by the nurse’s own personality. The review identified that the role of nursing education in helping to provide students with the knowledge and actual clinical experiences has a profound effect on developing nurses’ levels of self-confidence in delivering nursing care effectively. In addition, a warm environment supports nurses emotionally and physically. Conclusions: Though organisations and educational institutions have taken numerous efforts to ensure that new nurses have adequate support, personality and values are also equally important to ease adaptation during the transition process. This knowledge should be applied and emphasised in academic and workplace programs designed for newly graduated nurses to develop and strengthen their personalities and values, especially in increasing confidence levels and promoting proactive values that facilitate new nurses to adapt to their new employment quickly and effectively.
The role of the sunflower seed coat in the control of seed dormancy and germination: phytohormone profile and their interaction with seed tissues
Authors: Bel Zoé Del , Andrade Andrea , Lindström Lilia , Alvarez Daniel , Vigliocco Ana , Alemano Sergio
Published: July 2022

The seed coat is a multifunctional tissue that plays an important role in dormancy and germination of sunflower seeds. In addition, abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GAs) are the primary phytohormones that antagonistically regulate seed dormancy, although other phytohormones such as auxins (AUX) and Jasmonates (JAs) also play a critical role in the modulation of these processes. Here, we investigated the role of the seed coat in imposition and release of sunflower seed dormancy. We evaluated the endogenous level of ABA, jasmonic acid (JA) and indol-3-acetic acid (IAA) in dry and imbibed seed coats of two inbred Helianthus annuus lines (B123 and B91), and analysed the seed coat anatomy of their dry cypselas. The results showed that the dormancy of B123 seeds is associated with a low content of ABA, JA and IAA in seed coat, and a high content of these phytohormones in the embryo. A dry storage period increased ABA and JA contents in the seed coat, although it decreased them in the embryo. Both the embryo and seed coat showed a reduction in IAA after the storage period. No relevant differences were registered in the histological analysis of the seed coat. Altogether, our results remark the relevance of the interaction between the seed coat and the embryo in the release of dormancy in sunflower seeds.
Exercise with Wearable Hip-assist Robot Improved Physical Function and Walking Efficiency in Older Adults
Authors: Lee Su-Hyun , Kim Jihye , Lim Bokman , Lee Hwang-Jae , Kim Yun-Hee
Published: July 2022

A wearable assistive device has the potential to elicit a pre-rehabilitation effect in elderly people when used as a training tool during regular physical activity and exercise. We developed delayed output feedback control for a wearable hip-assistive robot, the EX1, to provide gait assistance. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the effects of long-term exercise with EX1 on gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy efficiency in elderly people. This study used parallel experimental (exercise with EX1) and control groups (exercise without EX1). A total of 60 community-dwelling elderly persons participated in 18 exercise intervention sessions during six weeks, and all participants were assessed at 5 time points: before exercise, after 9 exercise sessions, after 18 sessions, and 1 month and 3 months after the last session. Spatiotemporal gait parameters, kinematics, kinetics, muscle activation, metabolic energy cost efficiency, and physical function improved significantly after exercise with EX1. The effectiveness of EX1 exercise was maintained for at least 3 months. Our findings provide evidence supporting the application of EX1 in physical activity and gait exercise is effective to improve age-related declines in gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency among older adults.
Views of healthcare professionals on the inclusion of genes associated with non-syndromic hearing loss in reproductive genetic carrier screening
Authors: Freeman Lucinda , Kirk Edwin , Scully Jackie Leach , Delatycki Martin
Published: July 2022

Genes associated with non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) are frequently included in panels for reproductive genetic carrier screening (RGCS), despite a lack of consensus on whether NSHL is a condition appropriate for inclusion in RGCS. We conducted a national online survey using a questionnaire to explore the views of clinicians who facilitate RGCS or provide care to deaf individuals in Australia and New Zealand regarding the inclusion of such genes in RGCS. Results were analysed descriptively, and thematic analysis of free-text responses was performed. The questionnaire was completed by 386 respondents including genetic healthcare providers, obstetricians, ear nose and throat specialists and general practitioners. The majority of respondents agreed that genes associated with NSHL should be included in RGCS, but there were differences between the groups. 74% of clinicians working in a hearing clinic agreed these genes should be included compared to 67% of genetic healthcare providers, 54% of reproductive care healthcare providers and 44% of general practitioners. A majority of respondents agreed that moderate to profound deafness is a serious disability, although genetic healthcare providers were less likely to agree than other groups. Overall, respondents recognised that including NSHL upholds prospective parents’ right to information. However, they also identified major challenges, including concern that screening may express a discriminatory attitude towards those living with deafness. They also identified the complexity of defining the severity of deafness.
Predicting COVID-19 positivity and hospitalization with multi-scale graph neural networks
Authors: Skianis Konstantinos , Nikolentzos Giannis , Gallix Benoit , Thiebaut Rodolphe , Exarchakis Georgios
Published: July 2022

The pandemic of COVID-19 is undoubtedly one of the biggest challenges for modern healthcare. From the beginning of the outbreak, new variants have also proven to be even more contagious, accelerating the spread and stressing the healthcare system. In order to analyze the spatio-temporal aspects of the spread of COVID-19, technology has helped us to track, identify and store information regarding positivity and hospitalization, across different levels of municipal entities. In this work, we present a method for predicting positive and hospitalized cases at the department level of France via a novel multi-scale graph neural network, integrating information from fine-scale geographical zones of a few thousand inhabitants. Our model manages to outperform baselines and deep learning models, presenting low errors in both prediction tasks. We specifically point out the importance of our contribution in predicting hospitalization since hospitals became critical infrastructure during the pandemic. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to exploit high-resolution spatio-temporal data in a multi-scale manner, incorporating additional knowledge, such as vaccination rates and population mobility data. We believe that our method may improve future estimations of positivity and hospitalization, which is crucial for healthcare planning.
An integrated skin cancer education program in renal transplant recipients and patients with glomerular disease
Authors: Thet Zaw , Lam Alfred King-yin , Ng Shu-Kay , Aung Soe Yu , Han Thin , Ranganathan Dwarakanathan , Newsham Stephanie , Borg Jennifer , Pepito Christine , Khoo Tien Kheng
Published: July 2022

Sun-protective strategies focusing on skin cancer awareness are needed in immunosuppressed patients at risk of skin cancers. The study aims to determine the effect of an integrated skin cancer education program on skin cancer awareness and sun-protective behaviours in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) and patients with glomerular disease (GD) treated with long-term immunosuppressants. A pilot prospective cohort study was undertaken in Central Queensland, Australia was undertaken among adult RTRs and patients with GD, who completed survey questionaries on skin cancer and sun-health knowledge (SCSK), sun-protection practices and skin examination pre- and post-education. Fifty patients (25 RTRs, 25 patients with GD) participated in the study. All of them completed questionnaires at pre-, 3-month post-education and 92%(n = 46) at 6-month post-education. There was a significant increase in SCSK scores from baseline at 3-months (p < 0.001) and 6-months post-intervention (p < 0.01). Improved knowledge was retained for 6 months after education. There were significant changes in 2 of 8 photoprotective behaviours at 6 months. Interventional education enhanced regular self-skin examination rate (p < 0.001) as well as the frequency of full skin checks by general practitioners (p < 0.001). Overall, RTRs had better compliance with sun-protective methods and higher skin examination rates by themselves and/ or general practitioners before and after the intervention of education compared to patients with GD. To conclude, an integrated skin cancer education program improved knowledge of skin cancer and skin health as well as the frequency of self-skin examination and formal skin assessments. However, improvement in patient compliance did not extend to other sun-protective practices.
Low genetic diversity in an African invasive Poaceae in Brazil
Authors: Scorsim Bárbara , Diamante Nathália Alves , Fabrin Thomaz Mansini Carrenho , Silveira Márcio José da , Thomaz Sidinei Magela , de Oliveira Alessandra Valéria
Published: July 2022

Poaceae has numerous species that are highly invasive thorough the planet. Urochloa, native to Africa, stands out in terms of invasion and impacts in South America. However, the correct identification of the species included in this genus is complex due to their morphological similarity with other species and there is a lack of studies involving the genetic variability of some species in Brazil, which is important for understanding the invasion mechanisms and planning control measures. In this study, we evaluated the genetic variability of the invasive exotic Poaceae Urochloa arrecta in different Brazilian regions, by using the nuclear marker ITS and the chloroplast marker trnL-trnF. The sequences obtained were compared with those available in GenBank (NCBI). The results indicated a low genetic differentiation among the sampled populations. Seven and ten distinct haplotypes were identified for ITS and trnL-trnF, respectively, and most specimens shared a single haplotype. These results indicate that a limited number of propagules were introduced in the invasive range and/or that this species reproduces mainly through asexual reproduction. This last possibility is suggested by the great regeneration and colonization rates of asexual propagules of this species. The data obtained are useful for understanding the invasion mechanisms of the group in the region.
Survival Rate and Associated Risk Factors in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Yari Mehran , Rahim Fakher , Maraghi Elham , Banari Mahmood , Valipour Aliasghar , Khafaie Morteza Abdullatif
Published: July 2022

Background and aim: The incidence of End-stage of kidney disease (ESRD) is increasing substantially. According to official reports in Iran, the annual rate of increase in the ESRD is 11%, and evidence shows that the number of patients in the next 5 years will double. The current study aims to assess the survival rate and its predictors in hemodialysis patients. Methods: Retrospective single-center analysis was performed using data from educational Hospitals affiliated with the faculty of medicine of Abadan University of Medical Sciences (southwestern region of Iran) from Jan 2002 to Dec 2017. Data were collected from patients' demographic records and patients' clinical records. The patient survival period was plotted using the Kaplan-Mire survival curve. Using a leg-rank test, we compared the median survival rate among the levels of the factors studied. Also, the Cox regression model was used to study the effect of the same variables on the desired time. Results: Overall, 389 patients were enrolled in the study, of which 216 (55.5%) were men and 173 (44.5 %.) were from urban residences. Seventy-nine percent were married and 229 (60.1%) patients were illiterate. The probability of patients’ one, five, and ten years of survival were 0.92, 0.46, and 0.02, respectively. The Cox regression model shows that the risk of death in hemodialysis patients with high blood pressure is 1.45 times higher than in those without hypertension (P < 0.01). On the other hand, factors such as rural residence (P <0 .05), older age (P< 0.01), Permanent Catheter (P < 0.05), and high serum creatinine (P < 0.05) and BUN level (P<0.01) increase adjusted hazard ratio in hemodialysis patients. Conclusion: Our study explored the mortality and associated risk factors in Iranian dialysis patients from the Southwestern region. We found that the cumulative hazard of mortality was significantly higher in hemodialysis patients than in those with other types of renal failure after adjusting for various confounders. The increased risk of death in hemodialysis patients could be due to their inadequate, inconvenient, or inappropriate access to healthcare services. Further studies are necessary to devise preventive and national strategies for hemodialysis patients.