bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: RNN based prediction of spatiotemporal data mining
Authors: Shaik Mohammed Ali , Verma Dhanraj , Praveen P , Ranganath K , Yadav Bonthala Prabhanjan
Published: December 2020

The Spatiotemporal pattern is considered by most of the researchers to be a rehashed arrangement or relationship of specific occasions or highlights of spatiotemporal and to distinguish these groupings or affiliations are related to the spatiotemporal patterns of wrongdoing events and proper separation are clearly based on length based estimations that are expected to oblige the size or state of the pattern and ST patterns comprises of various sizes and shapes after some time are non-consistently disseminate over space by performing analytical learning of spatiotemporal successions as it is capable of creating future pictures by knowledge from the authentic edges. Spatial advents and temporal varieties are two pivotal structures which are considered in this paper which proposes the predictive methodology which utilizes recurrent neural network where the approach of persistent neural networks stands apart as a suitable worldview for without model as the data is based on the prediction of nonlinear dynamical frameworks by applying the methodology in Spatiotemporal pattern which predicts the limited mistake.
Remote Data Auditing in Multi-tenancy Cloud Storage by Using File Attribute Test Technique
Authors: Marrikukkala Ranjith Kumar , Praveen Dr. P. , Yadav Bonthala Prabhanjan , Jhansi G , Rao P. Venkata Ramana
Published: December 2020

Most popular computation technique in recent days is cloud computing, where we utilizing the virtual computing resources like processing data, and storage. Virtual computing environment is leads the customer lose control on his/her data, to answer this problem cloud computing has auditing techniques by cloud service provider (CSP), Third party auditor (TPA) by remote auditing data (RDA) methods. Cloud storage architectures are single tenant or multi tenant, where we compare the architectures, multi-tenancy cloud storages which contain the serious data privacy problem. To provide an efficient privacy solution for multi-tenancy cloud storage we apply RDA methods belongs to RDA taxonomy. In this paper we propose a technique to provide privacy on customer data on multi-tenant cloud storage with file attribute test.
Time for relative velocity optimal time approach in internet of vehicle communication
Authors: Mohmmad Sallauddin , Shaik Mohammed Ali , Dadi Ramesh , Pasha Syed Nawaz , Shabana  , Yadav Bonthala Prabhanjan
Published: December 2020

In the present era of Internet of Vehicles recommending or developing an optimal routing protocol and its architecture has the potential to reduce the overhead is considered to be the biggest task to attain the scalability and adaptability. This paper propose an architecture that meets the network standard and evolves as per the defined software for driving the “Internet of Vehicles” over dynamic networks that partitions the data and control planes in the proposed protocol. Based on speed of vehicle and distance between nodes we proposed Time for Relative Velocity (TRV) road aware system that enhances the performance over infrastructure oriented vehicular network that partitions roads into distinct segments based on multi hop method for exploring the cellular networks and their relay controlled messages with minimal latency. We also propose a mathematical model to implement dynamic vehicle topology by estimating various paths and selecting the shortest one and further suggest the same to the controller. And the results attained in this paper denote the performance obtained by implementing the proposed protocol which consumes very little routing overhead and almost negligible failure rate.
Detection of Mentally Distressed Social Media Profiles Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Sravanthi T. , Hema V. , Tharun Reddy S , Mahender K , Venkateshwarlu S
Published: December 2020

In recent days, due to multiple reasons like the nuclear family, peer pressure for fake prestige, impatience attitude, and mental stress has become a common trait in every person. With advancements in technology like the internet and online presence, it has become a routine to be active online. Some sections of people vent out their emotions online as they have no support system in real life. It has been detected, as seen in some instances; those suicidal tendencies ranging from mild to extreme could be from a person’s online profile activity. However, it is a complex combination of multiple factors that must be comprehensively calculated lest it predicts a wrong result for an innocent person marking him as suicidal. In our current work, we use a specific method that includes all critical criteria that could be exhibited by a suicidal person by using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. These textual features are passed through a robust Machine Learning framework for detecting an abrupt change in input data. Our method predicts efficiently a genuine, mentally disturbed profile from a typical profile.
A Multi-hop Network Congestion Management Routing Protocol for WNETS
Authors: Mamidala Sruthi , Sravanthi T. , Dadi Ramesh , Kumaraswamy E , Sunil G.
Published: December 2020

Each time multiple packages are sent to the network, but, it is going to be possible to path some packets using a long/costlier way, if those will be drawn links are lower than links. More obviously, as said. I can possibly stand for routing schemes due to overwhelming and uninterrupted delays. we consider the issue of running packets more than one source of traffic involving multi-hop networks and wireless links to ensure the expansion of the bombardment. Each packet the overall transmission can cool up the transmission by random subgroup noodles, which are decided in on the next relay. The main aim is to design of at least delay policies trade closure to balance the packets the lowest route on the floor and the traffic distribution according to the maximum backpressure. The major mixture the smallest way and background aspects, this article offers a systematic stand-alone system of stand-alone Routing with Dynamic Diversity (D-ORCD). Uses D-ORCD alive of likelihood of identification and draining time for the way packets with routes with predicted cumulative crowd. D-ORCD is being proven with single floor the expected delay under all the networks and any acceptable traffic, for a more time, the mixture rate is very relative traffic figures. As well, this article aims a practical process of D-ORCD which has to be in particular needed to improve algorithm parameters and delay as well as their effects on protocols top.
A research on security problems with data storage in cloud computing
Authors: Kumar Komuravelly Sudheer , Ravi Chythanya Kanegonda , Jamalpur Bhavana , Dandugudum Mahesh , Prabhanjan Yadav Bonthala
Published: December 2020

Cloud computing is a transformative mechanism that changes the way hardware and software design and procurement are built for businesses. Everybody pushes data and application applications to cloud data centers due to cloud simplicity. The Cloud Service Provider (CSP) can maintain integrity, accessibility, privacy, and confidentiality, but CSP does not provide client and stored customer data with secure data services. This research discusses problems related to the storage of cloud data, such as data breaches, data theft, and cloud data unavailability. Finally, we are offering potential solutions to related cloud problems.
On The Solution And Stability Analysis Of 6thorder Bvp By Special Multistep Methods
Authors: Balarama Krishna C , Anusha G , Archana Reddy R , Rajesh Chary K
Published: December 2020

An effective method of solving a 6thorder nonlinear BVP based on the numerical differentiation is presented in this article. The Uniqueness and existence properties of the solution are established. A more accurate and reliable process is derived to know the solution of 6thorder BVPs. The procedure is verified on nonlinear problem. The solutions are matched with exact solutions and absolute errors obtained in this method are compared with that of Galerkin method.
Rank based Approach for Extracting Unit Pixel Width Skeleton
Authors: Neelima N. , Srikrishna Dr. A. , Gangadhara Rao Dr. K.
Published: December 2020

Skeletonization is a transformation of a digital picture component into a subset of the original component. The skeleton is a qualitative tool for matching and analyzing 2D objects. Skeletonization is considered as an important issue because of the close link between an object’s skeleton and its boundary. Arank based skeleton extraction algorithm is presented which iterates itself to remove all the skeleton branches corresponding to the unimportant shape regions depending on the boundary extraction method. The method proposed performance is compared with various methods in the literature such as ZS, LW, and MZS skeletonization algorithms and identified that proposed method out performs well with respect to the performance measures elapsed time, thinning rate, thinning speed, and connectivity.
Realization of Elegant Security System for Women and Children Safety
Authors: Danthamala Koteshwar Rao , Krishna P , Srikanth Y , Anil Kumar T
Published: December 2020

Security has become an immense issue wherever all through the world. Concerning human security, the proposed structure can be applied to make it powerfully astute, reasonably secure, and mechanized. Utilizing two sensors bend and pyroelectric infrared the structure was made both really and therefore began. Considering the sensor, the structure turns ON and detects the difficulty area. By at that point, the district is sent to some picked numbers correspondingly as spared in the server. This work joins information assortment by utilizing sensors. To transmit to proliferate together server and move to the site Raspberry and GSM are utilized. Using this structure, individuals of any age can be profited. The structure can be revived and enhanced by further increases of highlights. Unequivocally when a human will reshape his stable finger following to conflicting with any sort of hazard, the resister estimation of twist will be changed and the structure will be on. By at that point, not just SMS including locale will be sent to the predetermined numbers yet likewise, it will be moved and spared as still pictures to the site.
SVD Based Robust Unsighted Video Watermarking Technique for different attacks
Authors: Kumaraswamy Eelandula , Vatti Rambabu , Vallathan G , Prasad Ch Rajendra , Danthamala Koteshwar Rao
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, digital watermark protects intellectual property in the digital world. In this article, a new singular value decomposition (SVD) based robust unsighted video watermarking technique is used for protection of copyright or owns individual work. The Singular Value Decomposition is used in this method to embed the information in a video file. In the embedded process the information generally referred to as watermark, which is of the form either audio, text, video, or any binary image or digital image. The embedded information can be identified in this process without considering the mechanisms of the original video, or any other knowledge about the encoded video ‘s main singular values. Singular value decomposition is used in embedding the information as well as retrieving the information from the embedded watermarked video. SVD based robust unsighted video technique shows that it bears required robustness on various attacks like MPEG-2 compressed video, median filtered, small rescaled, and rotational videos. In the experimental result, it is noticed that the unsighted video watermarking technique has visible quality and robustness for various attacks. In which watermark is installed in uniquely chose particular estimations of the video, and the first request can be kept up to recovering the data in our method and it has been indicated roust to different attacks.
Microstructural Characterisation and Durability Enhancement of Concrete with Nano Silica
Authors: Vandhiyan R , Rajesh Kumar K , Gurumoorthy N , Mahender K , Vinod Kumar M , Vijay T J
Published: December 2020

Deterioration of concrete due to chemicals is aggravated by entry of harmful liquids and gases through its pores. The porosity and pore structure of the concrete play a vital role in transporting harmful substance, due to capillarity and permeability. Concrete’s density, strength and its pore structure can be improved by using Nano Silica (NS). In this study NS was used as an addition and it was proved to improve the properties of concrete. The Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) image of sample with NS shows that the concrete has denser, more compact and better gel formation with fewer pores than concrete without NS. NS particles fill the nano sized pores in the concrete and improve the pore structure of the concrete. The weight loss of concrete due to sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid was 27.53% less and 32.34% less respectively, when NS was added.
Effect of particle grain size on its shear strength behaviour of soils
Authors: Saravanan R , Poongodi K , Murthi P , Sudharshan E , Gobinath R
Published: December 2020

This research explores the impact of compaction of soil on the strength properties of soil by conducting the shear tests on several soil samples with different moisture content and sandy soil with various particle sizes. In thisexperimental investigation, the shear strength of soil was evaluated by the cohesion and internal frictional angle. Soil structure and moisture content are the fundamental components influencing the cohesive property. Variations in the particle compositions and moisture content of cohesive soil modify the contact state and its structural arrangement, thus considerably influencing the macroscopic properties of clay soil. Various soil particle structures reformed the shear deformation by altering the structural composition and inter-granular arrangement. This investigation shows further understanding of fine and micro mechanism of shear strength characteristics of various components of soil structures.
Web of Things an intelligent approach to solve interoperability issues of Internet of Things communication protocols
Authors: Thirupathi V. , Sagar K.
Published: December 2020

Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging technology now in a days. It allows each and every physical thing to communicate with each other through internet. To establish communication among physical things they require some communication protocols like hypertext transfer protocol (http). But these devices have constrained computational resources like RAM and processor speed. Due to constrained resources they cannot able to communicate using http. So they require special communication protocols like CoAP, MQTT and AMQP. Various manufactures can build their products using their proprietary architectures and communication protocols, when they try to communicate problems raised due to proprietary architectures and protocols. This is called interoperability problem. To solve this problem we propose a solution using Web of Things (WoT), WoT enables each and every device can connect to a server as web pages. So that we can access any device through web using internet as simple as we access web pages.
New Era of IoT Network Protection and PackagesThrough Prolonged Range
Authors: Yamsani Nagendar , Chanti Yerrolla , Ranjith Kumar M , Mannanuddin K , Valpadasu Hema
Published: December 2020

In this research mission, we motive to construct a protracted-variety (ProlongedRange)-primarily based net of factors (IoT) comfortable localization device and appliance primarily based totally on multisensory synthesiscomputation. The Prolonged range generation is used to layout a community security device and right now deal with the computing device, wherein the purpose is to broaden a community server host that collects and approaches function signals from the multisensingsignal series and evaluation processing module and at once detects region by using community nodes thru the sensors cloud, excessive-degree improvement platform, and the multisensory fusion computing workstations, which send the consequences to the crucial monitoring gadget thru the Wi-Fi gadgets of the Prolonged range network. The relaxed localization computing chip very final outcomes, as advanced on this mission, can be used in the domain names of electricity control, environmental manipulate, facts management, manufacturing unit monitoring, and renewable strength manipulate. The device of this task comprises prolonged range hosts, which get hold of signs from numerous nodes and are linked to multisensory fusion arithmetic device via a Wi-Fi network. To sum up, in this look at, we emphasize the usage of multisensory fusion computing generation to implement a relaxed localization gadget of a wireless sensor network technology (WSN), and we remember the use of the embedded system and prolonged range era to broaden a monitoring machine for manufacturing facility fire manage anti-theft, energy, facts, and protection primarily based on cozy localization. In this study, we pass domain names and integrate associated engineering automation, community safety technology, multisensory synthesis computation design, and the (ProlongedRange) localization method, and the study’sfindings are anticipated to make a contribution to the network protection of the protection organization and studies at theLora IoTlocalization method.
Raspberry Pi based E–Health System over Internet of Things
Authors: Rakesh Pasuladi , Mr Prakash I.V
Published: December 2020

Health is very important in our daily life style. It’s monitory to check up health every for patients, and old age people. Electronic technology also helped to enhance the heath monitor and auto alerts regarding their health, it’s very easy and time reduction for doctors. We introduce the Internet of things based latest techno health system for easy flexible health monitoring anywhere in the world. In the proposed system having heart rate, temperature, vibration sensors all integrated to the parallel processing microprocessor. Health parameters re measured by sensors and give the raspberry pi module. This module analyse the data a and monitor in LCD, post the same in internet of things based server. We continuously monitor, if any changes found like low heart rate, high heart rate, high temperature, patient movement iot alerts the authorized person regarding health. This proposed system enhances the present health system to next level with easy to operate.
Modeling And Simulation Of Applied Load On Lenin Fiber Composite Materials Using COMSOL
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Sairam Cherala , Dender V , Rajesh Adla
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, composite materials become important and very useful due to eco-friendly and have no adverse impact. In this study, fabrication of the natural fiber composite performed using Lenin fiber as reinforcement and epoxy as resin materials. Four samples of laminates if fabricated using different proportions of the fiber and resin. This research article also presents the simulation performed to investigate the effects of the different loads on the different forms of the von Mises stresses developed during the application of the loads. The various forms of the von Mises stress include von Mises stress (Principal stress), layered material von Mises stress, through-thickness von Mises stress, and line graph von Mises stress developed in the laminates. In addition, the influence of different loads on the stress-induced is also investigated and observed that on increasing applied load, von Mises stress also increases.
The Influence Of Process Parameters On The Surface Roughness Of The 3d Printed Part In FDM Process
Authors: Sammaiah Pulla , Rushmamanisha K. , Praveenadevi N. , Rajasri Reddy I.
Published: December 2020

3D printing is a promising digital manufacturing technique that produces parts with layer by layer. The influence of process parameters is investigated for ABS material in fused deposition modelling (FDM). This work aimed to determine the surface roughness of 3d printed parts of the ABS material with varied parameters of infill height and infill density. The results of the test show that the, surface roughness is higher (11.6mm) at 20% infill density with 0.26mm infill layer height. Also, ABS material surface shows good finish (lower surface roughness) at 100% infill density with 0.06mm infill layer height. The infill layer height clearly visible under microscope at higher infill layer height with all the infill densities.
Fuzzy based controller for a hybrid electric vehicle with MMC and SRM drive
Authors: Sudhakar A V V , Manjusree Y , Teja M S
Published: December 2020

In this article a novel fuzzy control based Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) with Modular Multi Converter (MMC) fed Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) is investigated. In this proposed approach MMC fed to the SRM motor with integration of Full Bridge (FB) converter. FB switching pattern operates with intelligent fuzzy control algorithm. The MMC inverter fed SRM drive HEV has been successfully simulated with MATLAB software package. The simulation results are proven that the harmonics are mitigated by employing proposed method. Performance characteristics of SRM motor such as, phase voltage, line voltage, speed, torque, rotor current, load torque is obtained, and these are compared with conventional methods i.e. current converter operated HEVs and solar (PV) integrated HEVs. It can be observed from the reported results that the proposed method is providing satisfactory output results.
Utilization of power decoupling method in solar system frame to track maximum power using artificial neural networks
Authors: Deshmukh Ram , Suresh J. , Subrahmanyam KBVSR , Irfan MM
Published: December 2020

In this work, solar PV panel is joined to single phase grid by converters. DC-AC inverter is considered to pass ac output to grid. Due to shading of solar radiation on string, we see irregularities of power. Maximum power is identified at each string with replacement of temperature and irradiance. This discrete power can be corrected by using converters with perturb and observe (P and O) method. Full power processing converters are the available answers where the power is generated directly, and we identify more losses. Boost converter is used to build-up the output of panel, which is very small due to shading and it is the proposed scheme. There are many techniques used to get the power from the system. The entire circuit design, implementation and process is done in MATLAB software. The results show that the used Artificial Neural Network (ANN) scenario is very efficient, very complex and low cost.
Improved cat-firefly algorithm with facts controllersfor improvement of voltage profile in IEEE modified 14 bus systems
Authors: Deshmukh Ram , Naraina A. , Sanjay K. , Subrahmanyam K.B.V.S.R.
Published: December 2020

In recent years there are several advancements in deregulated power market. It has become a desirable practice to reach advanced efficient power operation along with facilitated competitions among the power system market players. Anacceptable and sustainable power delivery scheme is a key issue in healthy completion of power industry. Thus, transmission network should satisfy all the required delivery schemes set by the power industry, but when there is sudden accession in loads connected to power network, the transmission system is revealed to transitory failures and instability issues. Conventional methods do not support enough to handle the deregulated power system failures. Hence a contemporary method which can deal such failures is proposed in this research work. In the proposed research work Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers are gripped in the transmission network to enhance the voltage profile there by enhancing the stability of the system and this is achieved by optimizing the control parameters of the FACTS controllers to their opted values. In this proposed work the multi objective optimization problem for control parameters is solved by Improved Catfirefly Algorithm (ICFA) technique. The proposed work is validated through simulations on modified IEEE 14 bus system using MATLAB 14 simulation tool.
IOT Based Progressive Anti Theft ATM Security System
Authors: Ramyasri S. , Mahalakshmi M.
Published: December 2020

Automated Teller Machines ATMs are used with one type of approach, usually with cash withdrawals. ATM customers use a lot of ATM facilities and make billions of transactions. In the meantime, Due to inadequate of security, the thefts in the ATMs are also disproportionate. The main objective of our analysis is to minimise the number of ATM robberies. N of this assignment, we use the camera to recognise the face. The IR will activate, the buzzer will warn the sound, and the corresponding alert message will be sent to the assigned user if any of the sensors including temperature. In addition, if someone wants to open the money locker, the gas is sprayed on the robber to make him unconscious. This is why a low-value portable Integrated database server primarily based on the ARM11 computer and the Raspberry Pi operating gadget for Linux needs to be put into operation. This configuration is suggested for ATM safety, consisting specifically of door lock modules, internet, sensors and a face-recognition camera. Whenever theft occurs, an infrared sensor is used here that detects the vibration and temperature of the ATM system and takes critical motion. This machine uses the ARM11 controller to process real-time information acquired using the IR sensor, based primarily on the built-in gadget. The details are communicated to the entire master device based on ARM11 until the IR is detected. The DC engine would then be used to shut down the Automated teller machine lock, the circuit will be used to release fuel inside the ATM to deliver the robber to the unconscious point, the GSM modem will send signals to the local police station and the approved person concerned, and the alarm will eventually come from the buzzer. This can deter the robbery, and the man or woman who is involved in the robbery will be without difficulties.
Spatio-temporal evolution characteristics and pattern formation of a gas–liquid interfacial AC current argon discharge plasma with a deionized water electrode
Authors: QAZI Hafiz Imran Ahmad , KHAN Muhammad Ajmal , HUANG Jianjun
Published: December 2020

A discharge ignited by an AC power source in contact with deionized water as one of the electrodes is investigated. Immediately after initiation, the discharge exhibits a unique phenomenon: the gas-phase discharge is extended into the liquid. Later, a cone-like structure is observed at the liquid surface. Synchronous monitoring of current–voltage characteristics and liquid properties versus time suggests that the discharge shapes are functions of the liquid properties. The spatio-temporal profiles indicate the potential effects of water, ambient air impurities, and metastable argon on the discharge chemistry. This becomes more obvious near the liquid surface due to increasing production of various transient reactive species such as ·OH and NO·. Moreover, it is revealed that thermalization of the rotational population distributions of the rotational states

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band ro-vibrational system is influenced by the humid environment near the liquid surface. In addition, the transient behaviors of instantaneous concentrations of long-lived reactive species (LRS) such as H2O2,

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and

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are observed with lengthening the discharge time. The production of multiple transient and LRS proposes AC excited gas–liquid argon discharge as a potential applicant in industrial wastewater cleaning, clinical medicine, and agriculture.
Can the Risk of Severe Depression-Related Outcomes Be Reduced by Tailoring the Antidepressant Therapy to Patient Characteristics?
Authors: Coulombe Janie , Moodie Erica E M , Shortreed Susan M , Renoux Christel
Published: December 2020

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the first-line treatment for patients with unipolar depression, yet there is little guidance on which SSRI provides the most benefit to a patient, based on personal characteristics. In this work, we explore whether an individualized treatment strategy can be used by health-care providers to adapt their prescription pattern to reduce the risk of a severe depression-related outcome (SDO) when choosing between citalopram and fluoxetine, 2 commonly prescribed SSRIs. Our population-based cohort study used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, the Hospital Episode Statistics repository, and the Office for National Statistics database in the United Kingdom to create a cohort of individuals diagnosed with depression who were prescribed citalopram or fluoxetine between April 1998 and December 2017. Patients were followed from treatment initiation until occurrence of the SDO outcome, treatment discontinuation, or end of study. To find an optimal treatment strategy, we used dynamic weighted survival modeling, considering patient features such as age, sex, body mass index, previous psychiatric diagnoses, and medications. Our findings suggest that using patient characteristics to tailor the antidepressant drug therapy is associated with an increase of 4 days in the median time to SDO (95% confidence interval: 2, 10 days).
The Reality of Rural Crime: The unintended consequences of rural policy in the co-production of badger persecution and the illegal taking of deer
Authors: Goodall Orlando
Published: December 2020

Rural policy has produced the unintended consequences of illegal deer taking and the persecution of badgers in the rural West Country of England. This article directs attention towards the mechanisms of social relations between unregulated industry operatives, rural networks and entrepreneurial premises. Accordingly, the offending process is shown to be one of ‘illicit enterprise’, accomplished for instrumental gain through interdependencies between licit and illicit endeavours—practices that emerge synergistically, upon interaction with wider geo-historical conditions. Crucially, illicit activity is shown to be heavily context dependent, contingencies that generate unanticipated outcomes that are peculiar to the tendencies of the South West. Distal conditions are inserted into the explication to posit the antecedent contexts that inadvertently enable the illegal killing of animals.
COVID-19 vaccine and Guillain-Barré syndrome: let’s not leap to associations
Authors: Lunn Michael P , Cornblath David R , Jacobs Bart C , Querol Luis , van Doorn Peter A , Hughes Richard A , Willison Hugh J
Published: December 2020

This special commentary refers to ‘Epidemiological and cohort study finds no association between COVID-19 and Guillain-Barré syndrome’ by Keddie et al. (doi:10.1093/brain/awaa433).
SAA1 is upregulated in gastric cancer-associated fibroblasts possibly by its enhancer activation
Authors: Yasukawa Yoshimi , Hattori Naoko , Iida Naoko , Takeshima Hideyuki , Maeda Masahiro , Kiyono Tohru , Sekine Shigeki , Seto Yasuyuki , Ushijima Toshikazu
Published: December 2020

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) tend to have tumor-promoting capacity, and can provide therapeutic targets. Even without cancer cells, CAF phenotypes are stably maintained, and DNA methylation and H3K27me3 changes have been shown to be involved. Here, we searched for a potential therapeutic target in primary CAFs from gastric cancer and a mechanism for its dysregulation. Expression microarray using eight CAFs and seven non-CAFs (NCAFs) revealed that serum amyloid A1 (SAA1), which encodes an acute phase secreted protein, was second most upregulated in CAFs, following IGF2. Conditioned medium (CM) derived from SAA1-overexpressing NCAFs was shown to increase migration of gastric cancer cells compared with that from control NCAFs, and its tumor-promoting effect was comparable to that of CM from CAFs. In addition, increased migration of cancer cells by CM from CAFs was mostly canceled with CM from CAFs with SAA1 knockdown. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-quantitative PCR showed that CAFs had higher levels of H3K27ac, an active enhancer mark, in the promoter and the two far upstream regions of SAA1 than NCAFs. Also, BET bromodomain inhibitors, JQ1 and mivebresib, decreased SAA1 expression and tumor-promoting effects in CAFs, suggesting SAA1 upregulation by enhancer activation in CAFs. Our present data showed that SAA1 is a candidate therapeutic target from gastric CAFs and indicated that increased enhancer acetylation is important for its overexpression.
Misbalance of thyroid hormones after two weeks of exposure to artificial light at night in Eurasian perchPerca fluviatilis
Authors: Kupprat Franziska , Kloas Werner , Krüger Angela , Schmalsch Claudia , Hölker Franz
Published: December 2020

Artificial light at night (ALAN) can affect the physiology and behavior of animals because it alters the natural rhythm of light and darkness. Thyroid hormones (TH) are partially regulated by the light information of photoperiod and are involved in metabolic adjustments to daily and seasonal changes in the environment, such as larval and juvenile development, somatic growth and reproduction. ALAN can change photoperiodic information and might thereby lead to changes in thyroid metabolism, but so far research on this topic is scarce. Therefore, we tested in two different experiments the effects of nocturnal illumination at a wide range of light intensities on TH in plasma of Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis). Total 3,3′,5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) was significantly affected by ALAN and reduced at the highest tested intensity of 100 lx after only two weeks of exposure. Although total L-thyroxine (T4) was not significantly affected, the ratio of T3 to T4 tended to slightly decrease at 100 lx. In a second low-light experiment ALAN did not have clear effects on T3, T4 or the ratio of T3 to T4 at intensities between 0.01 lx and 1 lx. The results show first signs of endocrine disruption in thyroid metabolism after a relatively short ALAN exposure of two weeks under high-intensity streetlight conditions. Misbalanced thyroidal status can have serious implications for metabolic rates as well as developmental and reproductive processes.
Feather corticosterone does not correlate with environmental stressors or body condition in an endangered waterbird
Authors: Gormally Brenna M G , van Rees Charles B , Bowers Emily , Reed J Michael , Romero L Michael
Published: December 2020

Physiological metrics are becoming popular tools for assessing individual condition and population health to inform wildlife management and conservation decisions. Corticosterone assays can provide information on how animals cope with individual and habitat-level stressors, and the recent development of feather assays is an exciting innovation that could yield important insights for conservation of wild birds. Due to the widespread enthusiasm for feather corticosterone as a potential bioindicator, studies are needed to assess the ability of this technique to detect meaningful differences in physiological stress across a variety of stressor types and intensities. We examined feather corticosterone from 144 individuals among the 13 known breeding populations of Hawaiian gallinule (Gallinula galeata sandvicensis), an endangered waterbird, on the island of O‘ahu. These ecologically independent subpopulations are known to have low genetic connectivity and movement rates and differ largely across a number of important conditions, including level of predator management, human disturbance, proximity to urban development and conspecific population density. This system is well suited for assessing the performance of feather corticosterone as a bioindicator of different known habitat-level threats common to this and many other conservation-reliant species. We found no statistically significant relationship between feather corticosterone and level of predator control, level of human disturbance, gallinule population density, percent urban cover or body condition across all sites despite the substantial difference in stressor magnitude in our dataset. We did find that gallinules in habitats with larger population densities were in worse body condition. These findings suggest that feather corticosterone is not a consistent indicator of anthropogenic impacts on populations. Furthermore, they suggest that feather corticosterone may be a poor bioindicator of known habitat-level threats for Hawaiian gallinules and that it should be used with caution in other avian taxa of conservation concern.
Comparison of bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valve repair
Authors: Gocoł Radosław , Bis Jarosław , Malinowski Marcin , Ciosek Joanna , Hudziak Damian , Morkisz Łukasz , Jasiński Marek , Deja Marek A
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) and bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) repair.

METHODS

We assessed mortality, freedom from reoperation and the rate of aortic valve regurgitation recurrence. Mortality in both groups was compared with expected survival, and risk factors for reoperation were identified.

RESULTS

From January 2010 to April 2020, a total of 368 elective aortic valve repair procedures were performed, including 223 (60.6%) in patients with TAV. The perioperative mortality was 0.7% in the BAV group and 3.6% in the TAV group (P = 0.079). Estimated survival at 5 years in the BAV versus TAV group was 97 ± 3% vs 80 ± 6%, respectively (P < 0.001). Freedom from reoperation at 5 years in the TAV versus BAV group was 96 ± 3% vs 93 ± 4%, respectively (P = 0.28). Grade 2 or more aortic valve regurgitation was noted in 9.9% of BAV patients and 11% of TAV patients (P = 0.66). Reoperation was predicted by cusp perforation [hazard ratio 15.86 (4.44–56.61); P < 0.001], the use of pericardial patch [hazard ratio 8.58 (1.96–37.53); P = 0.004] and aortic valve annulus diameter >27.5 mm [hazard ratio 3.07 (0.99–9.58); P = 0.053].

CONCLUSIONS

BAV repair is as durable as TAV repair. BAV is not a predictor of a higher rate of reoperations. BAV repair yields survival comparable to expected. Cusp perforation, aortic valve annulus diameter >27.5 mm and the use of pericardial patch adversely impact long-term outcome of aortic valve repair.
Objective method to evaluate the competency of residents in cardiac surgery
Authors: Badreldin Akmal M A , Muehle Anja , Misic Jovan , Tvildiani Tamari , Duerr Georg Daniel , Paulini-Heine Beate , Peivandi Ali Asghar
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVES

Cardiac surgery training has become more challenging as patients and their diagnoses become more complex. Our goal was to develop a multicategorical assessment model for evaluating residents in cardiac surgery. This model is intended to ensure goal-directed progress in their training as well as to recognize and support their surgical talents.

METHODS

We developed a new questionnaire in a multistage, 3-round process based on the Delphi method ‘estimate-talk-estimate’, using 55 competencies, including 38 general and 17 domain-specific competencies. Each competency is evaluated with 1 or more questions, to which 1 (not competent) to 6 (very competent) points can be chosen as an answer.

RESULTS

The resulting model achieved 2 main goals: first, presenting a well-defined competency list for cardiac surgical training and second, providing an objective and realistic evaluation of trainees’ abilities. Residents were assessed by all trainers to achieve a high level of objectivity.

CONCLUSIONS

This evaluation model is highly objective, because residents are evaluated by multiple trainers. It allows individual support and enables better transparency in residency training. Talents and skills are evaluated, recognized and adopted as a base for individual feedback and personalized training programmes.
Proof of the triple prerequisite conditions which are essential for carbapenem resistance development in Klebsiella pneumoniae by using radiation-mediated mutagenesis
Authors: Pinto Naina Adren , D'Souza Roshan , Nguyen Le Phuong , Vu Thao Nguyen , Yong Dongeun
Published: December 2020

Evolution of multi-drug resistant bacteria has led to worldwide research to better understand the various resistance mechanisms in these strains. Every year, novel information on carbapenem resistance and its mechanisms is being discovered. In this study, radiation-mediated mutagenesis was used to transform a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain to a carbapenem-susceptible bacterium. Through this process, we proved three conditions of loss of the OmpK35 and the OmpK36 genes and acquisition of blaCMY-10 worked together to produce carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae. Loss of only one of the porins did not evoke carbapenem resistance. This is the first report on the essential contribution of these three components of carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae.
Stability of discrete schemes of Biot’s poroelastic equations
Authors: Alkhimenkov Y , Khakimova L , Podladchikov YY
Published: December 2020

The efficient and accurate numerical modelling of Biot’s equations of poroelasticity requires the knowledge of the exact stability conditions for a given set of input parameters. Up to now, a numerical stability analysis of the discretized elastodynamic Biot’s equations has been performed only for a few numerical schemes. We perform the von Neumann stability analysis of the discretized Biot’s equations. We use an explicit scheme for the wave propagation and different implicit and explicit schemes for Darcy’s flux. We derive the exact stability conditions for all the considered schemes. The obtained stability conditions for the discretized Biot’s equations were verified numerically in one-, two- and three-dimensions. Additionally, we present von Neumann stability analysis of the discretized linear damped wave equation considering different implicit and explicit schemes. We provide both the Matlab and symbolic Maple routines for the full reproducibility of the presented results. The routines can be used to obtain exact stability conditions for any given set of input material and numerical parameters.
Quantitative assessment of successive carbohydrate additions to the clusteredO-glycosylation sites of IgA1 by glycosyltransferases
Authors: Stewart Tyler J , Takahashi Kazuo , Xu Nuo , Prakash Amol , Brown Rhubell , Raska Milan , Renfrow Matthew B , Novak Jan
Published: December 2020

Mucin-type O-glycosylation occurs on many proteins that transit the Golgi apparatus. These glycans impact structure and function of many proteins and have important roles in cellular biosynthetic processes, signaling and differentiation. Although recent technological advances have enhanced our ability to profile glycosylation of glycoproteins, limitations in the understanding of the biosynthesis of these glycan structures remain. Some of these limitations stem from the difficulty to track the biosynthetic process of mucin-type O-glycosylation, especially when glycans occur in dense clusters in repeat regions of proteins, such as the mucins or immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1). Here, we describe a series of nano-liquid chromatography (LC)–mass spectrometry (MS) analyses that demonstrate the range of glycosyltransferase enzymatic activities involved in the biosynthesis of clustered O-glycans on IgA1. By utilizing nano-LC–MS relative quantitation of in vitro reaction products, our results provide unique insights into the biosynthesis of clustered IgA1 O-glycans. We have developed a workflow to determine glycoform-specific apparent rates of a human UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltrasnfersase (GalNAc-T EC 2.4.1.41) and demonstrated how pre-existing glycans affect subsequent activity of glycosyltransferases, such as core 1 galactosyltransferase and α2,3- and α2,6-specific sialyltransferases, in successive additions in the biosynthesis of clustered O-glycans. In the context of IgA1, these results have potential to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy, an autoimmune renal disease involving aberrant IgA1 O-glycosylation. In a broader sense, these methods and workflows are applicable to the studies of the concerted and competing functions of other glycosyltransferases that initiate and extend mucin-type core 1 clustered O-glycosylation.
Barriers and facilitators to knowledge translation activities within academic institutions in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Kalbarczyk Anna , Rodriguez Daniela C , Mahendradhata Yodi , Sarker Malabika , Seme Assefa , Majumdar Piyusha , Akinyemi Oluwaseun O , Kayembe Patrick , Alonge Olakunle O
Published: December 2020

The barriers and facilitators of conducting knowledge translation (KT) activities are well-established but less is known about the institutional forces that drive these barriers, particularly in low resource settings. Understanding organizational readiness has been used to assess and address such barriers but the employment of readiness assessments has largely been done in high-income countries. We conducted a qualitative study to describe the institutional needs and barriers in KT specific to academic institutions in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a review of the grey and published literature to identify country health priorities and established barriers and facilitators for KT. Key-informant interviews (KII) were conducted to elicit perceptions of institutional readiness to conduct KT, including experiences with KT, and views on motivation and capacity building. Participants included representatives from academic institutions and Ministries of Health in six countries (Bangladesh, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Nigeria). We conducted 18 KIIs, 11 with members of academic institutions and 7 with policymakers. KIIs were analysed using a deductive and inductive coding approach. Our findings support many well-documented barriers including lack of time, skills and institutional support to conduct KT. Three additional institutional drivers emerged around soft skills and the complexity of the policy process, alignment of incentives and institutional missions, and the role of networks. Participants reflected on often-lacking soft-skills needed by researchers to engage policy makers. Continuous engagement was viewed as a challenge given competing demands for time (both researchers and policy makers) and lack of institutional incentives to conduct KT. Strong networks, both within the institution and between institutions, were described as important for conducting KT but difficult to establish and maintain. Attention to the cross-cutting themes representing barriers and facilitators for both individuals and institutions can inform the development of capacity building strategies that meet readiness needs.