bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
METAFORA DALAM PANTUN MELAYU KALIMANTAN BARAT
Authors: Muzammil AR
Published: May 2022

Abstract Pantun is an old form of poetry in Malay literature that until now is still used actively in various activities of malay nusantara community life, including in West Kalimantan. Pantun uses many words that mean figurative. This research aims to examine the use of metaphors in West Kalimantan Malay pantun based on two problems, namely from the aspect of type and meaning of metaphors. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. The data collection techniques used in this study are interview techniques, recording techniques, and recording techniques. The findings of this study are the types of metaphors contained in the Malay Pantun of West Kalimantan (1) anthropomorphic metaphors, (2) metaphors ofhesion, (3) metaphors from concrete to abstract, and (4) synesthesia metaphors. The metaphorical meaning in the Malay pantun of West Kalimantan generally contains figurative meanings as in comparative compounds. In conclusion from this study, metaphors are used in many West Kalimantan Malay pantun to express the expressivity that characterizes pantun.Keywords: pantun, metaphors, West Kalimantan Malay ABSTRAKPantun merupakan bentuk puisi lama dalam kesusasteraan Melayu yang sampai saat ini masih digunakan secara aktif dalam berbagai aktivitas kehidupan masyarakat Melayu Nusantara, termasuk di Kalimantan Barat. Pantun banyak mengunakan kata yang bermakna kiasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menelaah penggunaan metafora dalam pantun Melayu Kalimantan Barat berdasarkan dua permasalahan, yaitu dari aspek jenis dan makna metafora. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik wawancara, teknik rekam, dan teknik catat. Temuan hasil penelitian ini jenis metafora yang terdapat dalam Pantun Melayu Kalimantan Barat  (1) metafora antropomorfik, (2) metafora kehewanan, (3) metafora dari konkret ke abstrak, dan (4) metafora sinestesia. Makna metafora dalam pantun Melayu Kalimantan Barat umumnya mengandung makna kiasan seperti dalam majas perbandingan. Simpulan dari penelitian ini, metafora digunakan dalam banyak pantun Melayu Kalimantan Barat untuk mengungkapkan ekspresivitas yang menjadi ciri khas pantun.Kata kunci: pantun, metafora, Melayu Kalimantan Barat
Constructive Quantum Interference in Isolated Armchair Graphene Nanoribbons?
Authors: Zdetsis Aristides
Published: May 2022

It is demonstrated that in wider armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs), and in particular the 13-AGNRs, there is a critical length Lc where two (or more) pairs of topological end-stats of opposite parities and nearly equal energies can develop in a form of a phase transition, giving rise to a sudden jump in the nominal conductivity by a factor of about 2.5, which is interpreted as a signature of constructive quantum interference (CQI). The “phase transition” is also associated with an abrupt increase in the energy gap(s) of about the same magnitude. Such unusual CQI, in which the role of “anchors” can be considered to be effectively played by the zigzag-end region, persists for lengths Lc ≈ 40Å up to L≈ 80Å and is unique for the 13-AGNRs, in contrast to other wide AGNRs (11-, 15-) studied here, in which the “phase transition” occurs without CQI. This is attributed to the aromaticity of 13-AGNRs which is characterized by “migration of sextets”, based on the resonance of two different aromatic Clar sextets, similarly to Coronene.
Switching Between Hydrogenation and Olefin Transposition Catalysis via NH Cooperativity in Mn(I) pincer complexes
Authors: Yang Wenjun , Weber Manuela , Chernyshov Ivan , Pidko Evgeny , Filonenko Georgy
Published: May 2022

While Mn-catalyzed (de)hydrogenation of carbonyl derivatives have been well established, the reactivity of Mn hydrides with olefins remains very rare. Herein we report the first Mn(I) pincer complex that effectively promotes site-controlled transposition of olefins. This new reactivity is shown to emerge once the N-H functionality within Mn/NH bifunctional complex is suppressed by alkylation. While detrimental for carbonyl (de)hydrogenation, such a masking of the cooperative NH functionality allows for the highly efficient conversion of a wide range of allylarenes to higher-value 1-propenybenzenes in near-quantitative yield with excellent stereoselectivities. The reactivity towards a single positional isomerization was also retained for longer-chain alkenes resulting in the highly regioselective formation of 2-alkenes, which are less thermodynamically stable compared to other possible isomerization products. The detailed mechanistic analysis of reaction between activated Mn catalyst and olefins points to catalysis operating via a metal alkyl mechanism - one of the three conventional transposition mechanisms previously unknown in Mn complexes.
Kinetic asymmetry profiles as a holistic approach to engineer molecular non-equilibrium systems
Authors: Penocchio Emanuele , Ragazzon Giulio
Published: May 2022

Molecular non-equilibrium systems are appealing for developing artificial life-like systems, holding great promises for the nanotechnology of the future. Yet, their development is slowed by the absence of a straightforward and informative representation under non-equilibrium conditions. Indeed, while potential energy surfaces comprise in principle all the information, they hide the dynamic interplay of multiple reaction pathways underlying non-equilibrium systems, i.e., the degree of kinetic asymmetry. To offer an insightful visual representation of kinetic asymmetry, we extended an approach pertaining to catalytic networks, the energy span model. This advancement becomes possible by implementing a holistic approach to complex networks, which focuses on system dynamics – rather than thermodynamics. This approach encompasses both chemically and photochemically driven systems, ranging from unimolecular motors to simple self-assembly schemes. The obtained kinetic asymmetry profiles give immediate access to information needed to guide experiments, such as states’ population, rate of machine operation, maximum work output, and effects of design changes. Kinetic asymmetry profiles offer a unifying framework for disparate non-equilibrium phenomena, facilitating the realization of chemical engines.
Facile Supramolecular Strategy to Construct Solid Fluorophore@Metal-Organic Framework Composites
Authors: Trifoi Lavinia , Hodgson Gregory , Dogantzis Nicholas , Soha Sumaiya , Dayam Roya , Antonescu Costin , Botelho Roberto , Wylie Stephen , Impellizzeri Stefania
Published: May 2022

The design and synthesis of a microporous construct based on the entrapment of an emissive fluorescein derivative in a zinc 2-methylimidazolate (ZIF-8) metal-organic framework (MOF) is detailed. Synthesis of the MOF in the presence of a fluorophore enables the capture and dispersal of dye molecules within the ZIF-8 framework. Within the resulting supramolecular assemblies, the fluorophore components show excellent photophysical properties such as high emission and increased fluorescence lifetime, despite the tendency of the dye to undergo aggregation-caused quenching in the solid-state, as well as a 4-fold enhancement of the fluorophore’s photostability. The demonstration that supramolecular events can be invoked to construct solid fluorescent systems from separate components is realized. The encapsulation of the fluorescein in an enclosed subunit of the ZIF-8 framework was modelled using the density-functional tight-binding method. Furthermore, the fluorophore@MOF composite can be internalized by mammalian macrophage cells and transported to lysosomes without disrupting cell viability. In principle, this simple protocol can evolve into a general strategy for intracellular delivery of functional molecular components for targeted bioimaging or theranostic applications.
Hexagonal Structure Enhancing Damping Efficiency Inspired by Tree Frogs
Authors: Li Yanwen , Li Decai
Published: May 2022

Magnetic fluid shock absorbers (MFSAs) have been successfully applied in eliminating the micro-vibration of the spacecraft’s flexible structures. The method of enhancing the damping of MFSAs has always been the key issue. The tree frog’s toe pads exhibit the strong adhesion, which inspired us to learn from their surface structure. We got hundreds of scanning electron microscope images of the tree frog’s toe pads surface and used the edge extraction algorithm to obtain the result that the geometric shape with the largest proportion in these images is hexagon. According to this result, hexagonal surface textures were added to the inner surface of the MFSA and a small part of the MFSA was taken for further simulation analysis. The flow distribution of the magnetic fluid (MF) acquired from the simulation clearly illustrates that the surface textures cause vortexes formation in the MF layer. These vortexes increase the shear rate between the MF layers, thereby augmenting the flow resistance. The vibration reduction experiments were carried out and MFSAs employed in these experiments were fabricated by 3D printing technology. Consequently, the bionic textures mimicking the tree frog’s toe pads surface can significantly improve the damping performance of MFSAs.
Enhancing the Energy Storage Performances of Metal-Organic Frameworks by Controlling Microstructure
Authors: Gittins Jamie W. , Balhatchet Chloe J. , Fairclough Simon M. , Forse Alexander C.
Published: May 2022

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are among the most promising materials for next-generation energy storage systems. However, the impact of particle morphology on the energy storage performances of these frameworks is poorly understood. To address this, here we use coordination modulation to synthesise three samples of the conductive MOF Cu3(HHTP)2 (HHTP = 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene) with distinct microstructures. Supercapacitors assembled with these samples conclusively demonstrate that sample microstructure and particle morphology have a significant impact on the energy storage performances of MOFs. Samples with ‘flake-like’ particles, with a pore network comprised of many short pores, display superior capacitive performances than samples with either ‘rod-like’ or strongly agglomerated particles. The results of this study provide a target microstructure for conductive MOFs for energy storage applications.
Coordination and homologation of CO at Al(I): mechanism and chain growth, branching, isomerization and reduction
Authors: Heilmann Andreas , Roy Matthew , Crumpton Agamemnon , Griffin Liam , Hicks Jamie , Goicoechea Jose , Aldridge Simon
Published: May 2022

Homologation of carbon monoxide is central to the heterogeneous Fischer Tropsch Process for the production of hydrocarbon fuels. C–C bond formation has been modelled by homogeneous systems, with [CnOn]2- fragments (n = 2-6) formed by two-electron reduction being commonly encountered. Here we show that four- or six-electron reduction of CO can be accomplished by the use of anionic aluminium(I) ('aluminyl') compounds, to give both topologically linear and branched C4/C6 chains. We show that the mechanism for homologation relies on the highly electron-rich nature of the aluminyl reagent, and on an unusual mode of interaction of the CO molecule, which behaves primarily as a Z-type ligand in initial adduct formation. The formation of [C6O6]4- from [C4O4]4- shows a solution-phase CO homologation process that brings about chain branching via complete C-O bond cleavage, while comparison of the linear [C4O4]4- system with the [C4O4]6- congener formed under more reducing conditions, models the net conversion of C–O bonds to C–C bonds in the presence of additional reductant.
Şubesiz Dijital Bankacılık ve Türk Bankacılık Sektörü İçin Öneriler
Authors: BEYBUR Mustafa
Published: May 2022

2000’li yıllardan itibaren yaşanan hızlı dijitalleşme süreci bankacılık sektörü müşterilerinin beklentilerini değiştirmekte ve geleneksel bankacılık sistemi bu beklentileri karşılamada yetersiz kalmaktadır. Özellikle dijital yerliler olarak adlandırılan müşteri grubu bankacılık hizmetleri için bir bankaya ya da şubeye ihtiyaç duymak yerine bankacılık hizmetlerini sunabilen bir platforma ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. 2008 yılında yaşanan küresel finans krizinin ardından büyük ölçekli geleneksel bankalara karşı olan güven sarsılmıştır. Bunu fırsat olarak gören bazı girişimciler tarafından şubesiz dijital bankalar (Neobankalar) kurulmuştur. Günümüzde bu bankaların ulaşmış oldukları müşteri sayısı ve büyüklükleri büyük dikkat çekmektedir. Bu yeni nesil bankacılık modeli Türk bankacılık sektörünün de dikkatini çekmiş ve BDDK tarafından şubesiz dijital bankacılık lisansı verilmesi hakkında yönetmelik yayımlanmıştır. Şubesiz dijital bankacılık ile ilgili literatürde çok az sayıda çalışma bulunmakla birlikte ulusal düzeyde yapılan çalışmaların yok denecek kadar az sayıda olduğu gözlenmektedir. Bu çalışma ile şubesiz dijital bankacılık konusunda literatürdeki boşluğun doldurulması ve Türk bankacılık sektörüne ışık tutulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmada, şubesiz dijital bankacılık kavramı hakkında literatür incelemesi yapılmış, Türk bankacılık sisteminin daha önce uyguladığı dijitalleşme uygulamalarının başarı düzeyi analiz edilmiş ve mevcut geleneksel bankalar ile sektöre yeni katılacak şubesiz dijital bankalara yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS FOR ENGINEERING FOURTH YEAR UNDERGRADUATE LEARNING DURING SCHOOL RESTRICTIONS
Authors: Akmal Suriati , Hambali Ruzy Haryati , Akiah Masni Azian
Published: May 2022

The school restrictions caused by pandemics have changed the teaching strategy. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of teaching strategies with the aids of a learning management system on student performance. A fourth-year course called Concurrent Engineering course of Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering at the Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka was selected to demonstrate the merits of the strategies. The course was offered once per year which is only semester 2 every session. For this purpose, a set of the questionnaire was distributed to 33 students after the summative assessment. The teaching effectiveness was measured through course contents, knowledge, attitude, students’ satisfaction that adopted from existing literature. The results of the study were analyzed using descriptive analysis involving mean and standard deviation. Teachers’ attitude is the most influential factor for teaching effectiveness. The highest item in this factor is the teacher has created a teaching and learning environment that stimulates positive learning attitudes of students with a mean of 4.35 and standard deviation of 0.689. The impact of teaching effectiveness can be seen from the results of formative and summative assessments. The results show that the overall performance of students was good with 6.25% students attained grade A-. The performance is better in comparison to the previous session. And indicated that the new teaching strategy does not result in a decrease in student performance below what is normally achieved. The findings of this study show that technology is a must and must be parallel to teachers' attitude cannot be ignored to deliver effective teaching that can stimulate a positive learning environment.
KAJIAN FINANSIAL INDUSTRI PENGALENGAN IKAN DI PAPUA BARAT
Authors: Kartikasari Vetty
Published: May 2022

Ditengah ketidakpastian ekonomi global dan fenomena perlambatan ekonomi yang nyata, investasi diharapkan menjadi salah satu motor penggerak perekonomian nasional jangka panjang. Saat ini pemerintah terus berupaya menarik investasi dalam rangka industrialisasi terintegrasi dari hulu ke  hilir dan berbasis hilirisasi sumber daya alam  melalui pengembangan Kawasan Industri (KI) diberbagai wilayah di Indonesia. KEK Sorong memiliki potensi peluang investasi yang dapat dikembangkan disektor perikanan dimana Papua Barat merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil komoditas perikanan tangkap terbesar di Indonesia dengan total nilai produksi IDR. 121, 5 Miliar. Kajian finansial terhadap peluang investasi pembangunan  industri pengalengan ikan di KEK Sorong bertujuan memberikan informasi dan rekomendasi bagi investor untuk melakukan keputusan investasi.  Dengan Total  Project Investment IDR  1.674.384.378.239  selama horizon perencanaan 10 tahun dengan struktur modal 60% hutang jangka panjang dan 40% modal sendiri serta MARR 12,70%. Maka hasil perhitungan kelayakan investasi pendirian industri pengalengan ikan di papua barat dengan skenario optimis dan moderat menghasilkan NPV (net Present value) masing-masing sebesar 1.896.291.808.106 dan 321.438.026.504, tingkat pengembalian investasi (payback period) selama  3,3 tahun dan 6,7 tahun, sedangkan untuk perhitungan  IRR ( Internal rate return ) mencapai 68,66 %, dan 27.58% sementara hasil analisa biaya atas manfaat  diperoleh angka 3.3 dan 1,26.  Dari hasil kajian finansial berdasarkan 4 parameter kriteria investasi t diatas maka pembangunan proyek pengalengan ikan di Papua barat layak dilaksanakan.
ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN ULANG TATA LETAK FASILITAS PRODUKSI DENGAN METODE SYSTEMATIC LAYOUT PLANNING
Authors: Kautsar Fu'ad , Zaman Mohammad Zuheruz , Wiati Ni Made
Published: May 2022

Home industry cetakan kue Fandy adalah perusahaan rumahan yang memproduksi cetakan kue menggunakan teknik cor dengan bahan baku alumunium. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada Tata letak pada Home industry cetakan kue Fandy adalah adanya waste (pemborosan) yang terjadi. Seperti waste gerakan bolak-balik seperti pada stasiun percetakan menuju stasiun pemotongan dan pengikiran yang harus melewati stasiun bahan baku terlebih dahulu Waste transportasi berlebihan seperti Proses perpindahan bahan baku menuju stasiun peleburan yang cukup jauh yang seharusnya berdekatan. Permasalahan tersebut dapat menyebabkan ongkos material handling menjadi lebih besar hal ini yang nantinya berpengaruh pada besarnya biayaproduksi dan waktu proses produksi. Perancangan ulang tata letak fasilitas pada stasiun kerja dan perbaikan layout usulan dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode Systematic Layout Planning (SLP). Ada beberapa tahapan dari SLP yaitu tahap analisis, tahap penyesuaian dan tahap evaluasi. Tahap analisis seperti analisis aliran material, activity relationship chart (ARC) dan activity relationship diagram (ARD). Tahap analisis seperti perencanaan hubungan diagram ruangan dan perancangan alternatif layout. Dan pada tahap evaluasi dilakukan perhitungan untuk mendapatkan ongkos material handling yang minimum.Berdasarkan hasil perancangan dengan metode Systematic Layout Planning (SLP) perhitungan jarak material handling layout awal jarak total yang ditempuh pada proses produksi adalah sebesar 1981,8 meter dalam priode satu minggu. Sedangkan jarak total yang di tempuh untuk proses produksi pada layout usulan adalah sebesar 1732,05 meter dalam satu minggu. Dengan ongkos material handling (OMH) perminggu layout awal sebesar Rp 777.238,00 setelahdilakukan perbaikan usulan menjadi Rp 691.006,82 dengan penghematan sebesar 11%.
At-Tawaruq al-Mushrifi wa Masru'iyatuhu
Authors: Anwari Rouyani
Published: May 2022

Saat ini tawarruq menjadi perbincangan hangat di kalangan akademisi mauapun praktisi keuangan syariah. Makalah ini memaparkan khusus tentang tawarruq mashrofi di perbankan syariah. Setidaknya ada tiga formasi tawarruq yang dibahas dalam artikel ini, yaitu (1) Seseorang yang membutuhkan likuditas (uang tunai) membeli produk/barang/komoditi ke bank syariah dengan cara kredit dan menjualnya kepada pihak lain dengan cara tunai, tanpa di ketahuiolehpihakpihak lain akanniatnyatersebut di atas (2) Seseorang (mutawarriq) yang membutuhkan uang tunai, memohon untuk diberikan pinjaman uang dari bank syariah, kemudian pihak bank menawarkan barang/komoditi/produk untuk dijualkan kepada pihak lain dengan harga yang lebih rendah atau lebih tinggi secara tunai. Hasil penjualan itu diberikan kepada mutawarriq sebagai pinjaman yang akandibayarkan secara kredit; (3) Hampir sama dengan formasi nomor 2, akan tetapi pihak bank menjual barangnya dengan harga yang lebih mahal dari harga pasar kepada Mutawarriq, sebagai akibat dari pembayaran yang tertunda/dengan cicilan. Formasi ini masih diperdebatkan oleh para pakar hukum ekonomi syariah.
KELUAR DARI PRINSIP DERAJAT KEKERABATAN DALAM FIQH MAWARIS
Authors: Jalaludin Ahmad
Published: May 2022

Dalam fiqh mawaris, seorang kerabat pada prinsipnya terhalang memperoleh warisan jika ada kerabat lain yang derajat kekerabatannya dengan pewaris lebih tinggi (lebih dekat). Prinsip ini dirasa tidak memberikan keadilan kepada kerabat yang orangtuanya meninggal lebih dahulu daripada pewaris. Kompilasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia mengadopsi penggantian tempat sebagai langkah parsial guna memberikan warisan kepada kerabat yang orangtuanya telah meninggal lebih dahulu daripada pewaris. Pada perkembangannya, Mahkamah Agung menjadikan penggantian tempat sebagai bagian yang tidak lagi parsial dari sistem kewarisan Islam yang dibangunnya. Dengan langkah ini, prinsip derajat kekerabatan yang dianggap sebagai sesuatu yang mapan dalam fiqh mawaris menjadi terabaikan.
KRITIK PENETAPAN HARGA IJARAH PADA GADAI EMAS (TINJAUAN FIKIH DAN ETIKA)
Authors: Asytuti Rinda
Published: May 2022

Pembiayaan gadai emas di bank syariah mencuat ketika harga emas dunia mengalami fluktuasi yang cukup tajam. Hal ini mendorong masyarakat beralih kepada investasi emas. Diawali oleh BRI syariah membuka layanan gadai emas yang diidasarkan pada akad rahn dan ijaroh, namun pada praktiknya membuka prosedur layanan beli gadai yang disinyalir rentan dengan spekulasi yang dilarang oleh agama islam. Produk beli gadai selanjutnya dikenal dengan berkebun emas ini dibatasi oleh Bank Indonesia guna membatasi gerak spekulasi nasabah atas emas. Akan tetapi beberapa bank syariah seperti BNI dan BSM yang juga membuka layanan gadai emas tidak melakukan transaksi beli gadai sebagaimana BRI syariah melainkan hanya melayani gadai emas sebagaimana dalam fatwa DSN MUI No 26/DSN-MUI/III/2002. Namun transaksi gadai emas yang berjalan bukan berarti tanpa masalah ditilik dari fikih dan etika salah satunya adalah penetapan harga ijaroh yang didasarkan pada metode tiring dan taksasi pembiayaan yang diterima. Penetapan harga ijaroh dan transaksi gadai emas Â dirasakan telah menyalahi konsepsi Rahn yang seharusnya didudukkan pada akad keterdesakan yang beresensi taâ€™awun tolong menolong. Untuk itu tulisan ini Â membahas tentang praktik gadai emas di bank syariah dan metode penetapan ujroh pada produk gadai emas. Penulis menyimpulkan bahwa penetapan tarif ijaroh yang saat ini ditetapkan oleh bank syariah rentan pada penggelinciran fungsi sesunguhnya yang kemudian jatuh pada konsepsi â€œhillah / Helah (al-hilah; al-tahayul)yang termasuk upaya rasional yang manipulatif.Â  Di antara hillah tersebut adalah penggantian nama dan perubahan bentuk padahal substansinya sama. Yusuf al-Qardhawi berpendapat bahwa sebuah perubahan nama tidak diakui secara hukum apabila substansinya tetap, dan perubahan bentuk juga tidak diakui secara hukum apabila hakikatnya sama (la â€˜ibrata bi taghayyur al-ism idza baqiya al- musamma, wa la bi taghayyur al-shurah idza baqiyat al-haqiqah)
Undang-undang Hak Cipta Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 dalam Prespektif Ekonomi Hukum Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Tarmidzi Mr
Published: May 2022

This present study aims to explain what intellectual property rights inthe conception of sharia law (Islamic economics) are and how theProtection of Copyright under the Law Number 28 of 2014 is in theperspective of Islamic economic law. It was a qualitative study byconducting an explorative analytical doctrinal research method inrelation to the legal facts regarding the norms contained in the LawNumber 28 of 2014 on the Protection of Copyright (HAKI) in theperspective of Islamic economic law. The consensus (ijmaâ€™) of fiqhMuslim scholars (ulema) asserts that the right of ownership of mindand creation towards the result of thought and its creations is amaterial possession. This is based on the source of the law of maslahahmursalah (common benefit) and in accordance with maqashid al-sharia(objectives of Islamic law) because the right of thought and creationsof the mind associated with the nature of property (al-mal) can betransacted and inherited if the owner dies, becomes a will if it meetsall the requirements of property in Islamic law, and has the sameposition as other halal property. Therefore, a personâ€™scopyright/creative rights should receive the same legal protection asother rights.

Keywords: Intellectual Property Rights, al-Mal, Law Number 28 of 2014 on Copyright, Islamic Economics.
Pemahaman Ormas Islam Tentang Wakaf Uang (Studi di Kabupaten Batang)
Authors: * Mubarok
Published: May 2022

This present study is aimed at explaining the understanding of Islamicmass organizations of cash waqf (endowment) as well as the factorsthat affect those mass organizationsâ€™ understanding of cash waqf. Theresearch respondents were Islamic mass organizations in Batangregency, Central Java. The findings expose that the mass Islamicorganizations did not have the same understanding of cash waqf.Their understanding was not in line with the Law Number 41 of 2004on Waqf and Fatwa of Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) concerningcash waqf. There were four factors influenced the understanding of theIslamic mass organizations of cash waqf, namely: social andeconomics, socialization, institution, and term factors.

Keywords: Understanding of Islamic Mass Organizations, Cash Waqf, Law Number 41 of 2004.
Islamisasi Keluarga Vis a Vis Pembangunan Keluarga di Indonesia: Membaca Idealisme, Struktur, dan Relasi Gender dalam Keluarga dalam Pemikiran Mohammad Fauzil Adhim
Authors: Sidik Sidik
Published: May 2022

This current study aims to discuss what the concept of family in thepopular Islamic family literature written by Muhammad FauzilAdhim is, why the concept is presented, how the theoreticalframework is designed, and how the relevance of the concept to thefamily development regulation in Indonesia is. By carrying outqualitative content analysis of the literature, the research findingsdenote that that Adhim tries to explain the idealism of berkah (blessed)family, the structure of an extended family, and the proportionalgender relation in family. He presents some ideas to revitalize Islamicfamily values as cultural movement of family Islamization. The writerconstructs his theoretical framework based on textual approach andpsychology. The Qurâ€™an and Hadith are textually referred, whereaspsychological approach is used to support the textual meanings, but itis not employed as a method of interpretation. Based on the welldesigned theoretical framework, his thoughts tend to be conservativeand demonstrate less relevance as well as responsiveness to the familydevelopment regulation in Indonesia.

Keywords: Berkah family, extended family, family development, Islamization.
Siyasah Pandemi â€˜Umar bin al-KhatÌ£tÌ£aÌ„b
Authors: Rozi Masykur
Published: May 2022

Paper ini untuk menganalisis sikap Umar bin Khattab dalam menghadapi pandemi â€˜Amwas tahun 638-639 M dalam perspektif politik kesehatan; dan menemukan pola teori politik kesehatan yang dipraktikan oleh Umar bin Khattab ketika menghadapi darurat kesehatan. Teori politik kesehatan  dari BjÃ¸rkdahl & Carlsen digunakan untuk mengkonstruksi data historis yang terdokumentasi dalam kitab-kitab hadits dan sejarah menjadi menjadi suatu teori. Metode yang di gunakan adalah dokumentasi dan dengan menggunakan teknik analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, Umar bin Khattab menempatkan kesehatan sebagai elemen penting di bawah prospek kesejahteraan rakyat. Umar bin Khattab memahami wabah sebagai kenyataan alamiyah manusia. Keyakninan ini dijadikan basis pengetahuan dalam membentuk kebijakan penanganan wabah. Implementasi teknis pertama adalah penyerahan otonomi secara terbatas kepada amir untuk mencegah konflik kewenangan. Implementasi kedua adalah transfer nilai yang menjadi standar bagi pembentukan kebijakan praktis. Taktik komunikasi yang dipakai oleh Umar bin Khattab adalah perumpamaan dan idiom-idiom yang sesuai dengan kapasitas pemahaman lawan bicara melibatkan semua pihak agar ikut serta dalam penanganan wabah.
Praktek Perkawinan Muhallil di Padarincang Serang Provinsi Banten Indonesia
Authors: Sanusi Ahmad , Nurpiah Epa
Published: May 2022

This paper to analyze about muhallil marriage, which is carried out as a requirement to be allowed remarry between ex-husband and ex-wife, that has been talaq bain ( divorced three times) in Padarincang District, Serang Regency, Banten Province, West Java. This juridical empirical research uses qualitative. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation studies. The analysis technique uses an interactive model. The results show that the practice of muhallil marriage in Padarincang District was different from the existing provisions, because the ex-husband had to find the penyelang to ex-wife, then agreed by paying the penyelang and limiting the time of marriage. The ex-husband also forced the penyelang to divorce his wife, so that he could immediately remarry his ex-wife without waiting for the iddah period to end. According to Islamic law, marriage is haram and illegitimate, except it is carried out in earnest by Islamic law. Based on these facts, socialization and awareness should be carried out in the community about muhallil marriage, so that there is no violation of Islamic law and positive law.
Marriage Dispensation Since the Decision of the Constitutional Court Number 22/Puu-Xv/2017
Authors: Kania Dede , Fatoni Siti Nur , Afriansyah Mochammad Rizky , Kusmayanti Hazar
Published: May 2022

The decision of the Constitutional Court No.22/PUU-XV/2017, leaves a problem regarding marriage dispensations in the Religious Courts, namely the increasing amount  of marriage dispensations.This study discusses the high amount of case for marriage dispensation, the role of the judges on tightening marriage dispensation procedures and the impact of the Constitutional Court Decision No.22/PUU-XV/2017 on the Determination of Marriage Dispensation at the Indramayu Religious Court in 2016-2019. This research uses the empirical juridical method. Collecting data using interviews and documentation. The results show that several aspects have affected the high amount of case for marital dispensation, among others:  promiscuity, lack of basic religious education, cultural factors, poverty and low levels of education. The role of the Indramayu Religious Court of Judges on tightening the marriage dispensation procedure, i.e: looking at the truth of the background to the marriage dispensation application and checking the Legality of Birth Certificate and Income Certificate from the Village Head.  Constitutional Court Decision No. 22/PUU-XV/2017 which became the basis for the determination of Law no. 16 of 2019 concerning the age limit for marriage of 19 years for men and women, was not effectively implemented toward the Marriage Dispensation at the Indramayu Religious Court in 2016-2019.
The Responsibility of Deposit Insurance Corporations to Hajj Funds Invested Based on Mudharabah Muqayyadah Contracts
Authors: Nabielah Nova Tuhfah
Published: May 2022

This article aims to analyze the reasons for mandatory of wakalah contract from prospective pilgrims to the Hajj Financial Management Agency (BPKH) for managing Hajj funds, and how the Hajj Financial Management Agency (BPKH) responsible of the hajj funds invested in collaboration with the Recipient Bank for Hajj Implementation Fee Deposits (BPS BPIH) as the LPS Participating Bank. This juridical normative article used a conceptual and statutory approach, with secondary data such as legislation, books and legal journals. The result showed: First, wakalah contract signed by prospective pilgrims at the time making the initial deposit of Hajj Administration Costs (BPIH) to BPS BPIH is mandatory, because it is absolute condition determined by law for every person who registers the hajj. Second, BPKH is responsible for compensating losses jointly between implementing board and supervisory board for Hajj funds invested by BPKH based on a business cooperation agreement (mudhorobah muqayyadah) with BPS BPIH. Therefore, in order to protect hajj funds, the provisions of Article 53 paragraph (1) UUPKH need to be revised by expanding the scope of jointly liability parties in investing Hajj funds, with including BPS BPIH, if the investment was carried out by BPKH in collaboration with BPS BPIH.
Cryptocurrency as Investment in Commodity Futures Trading in Indonesia; Based on MaqÄsÌ£id al-SharÄ«â€™ah Approach
Authors: Fageh Achmad , Iman Aldi Khusmufa Nur
Published: May 2022

Lately, cryptocurrency investors and transactions in Indonesia are thriving, the number of crypto asset investors as of the end of February 2021 has reached 4.2 million people, which exceeds the number of stock investors in Indonesia. This study aims to determine specifically cryptocurrency as an investment in commodity futures trading in Indonesia using the MaqÄsÌ£id al-SharÄ«â€™ah approach. This research uses a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is literature study by collecting data from previous studies in the form of documentation of articles, journals, or books as well as publication data from other parties. The data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data presentation, and concluding, from the collected data analyzed through SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) then continued using the MaqÄsÌ£id al-SharÄ«â€™ah approach (MasÌ£lahÌ£ah and Mafsadah). The results show that cryptocurrency technology with blockchain can indeed be recognized as an excellent revolutionary technology, but the position of cryptocurrency as an investment in commodity futures trading contains an element of gambling because it contains high speculation and is gambling by taking advantage of the level of volatility. In addition, cryptocurrencies are prone to be used by illegal practices such as money laundering, so that when compared to MasÌ£lahÌ£ah and Mafsadah it contains greater Mafsadah.
The Uniqueness of Waqf Land Disputes Resolution Denied by Some Heirs
Authors: Hikmah Nur Yaumil , Hartini Hartini , Robiyantoko Joesoef Shidqi Marsa , Al Firdaus Irfan Aziz
Published: May 2022

Around 1993â€”1998, a handover of land for waqf from Mrs. Setyowati (a pseudonym) to Pondok Pesantren X (a pseudonym) in Jombang, East Java which is done not in front of a Waqf Pledge Deed Official (PPAIW). The waqf done by wakif had not been registered as waqf land at Office of Religious Affairs (KUA), a substitution deed is required because the wakif has passed away. During the certification process, some heirs chose to deny the waqf done by their mother due to economic factor and the waqf around 1993â€”1998 contain a legal flaw. The nazhir chose nyusuki to the heirs as a form of dispute resolution because it is considered a win-win solution. This research is an empirical juridical research. The result of this research shows that the act of nyusuki by the nazhir is an effective form of waqf dispute resolution in an amicable manner due to the denial of the waqf by some heirs of the wakif. Although it violates the waqf rules in Indonesia, there are benefits that arise from the act of nyusuki, namely contributing to the smooth development of new educational unit of Pondok Pesantren X so that waqf purpose can be achieved
Application of Inheritance Law in Minangkabau According to Islamic Law
Authors: Rahmadanil Rahmadanil , Zuwanda Rifka
Published: May 2022

The majority of Minangkabau peopleâ€™s inheritance are given to their daughter not to their son. Hereditary inheritance property becomes a high heirloom while the inheritance of parentsâ€™ work are low heirlooms. In Islam, the inheritance are arranged in faraidh science. This research is a descriptive analysis, the type of research used was empirical juridical. The sources of data used in this study are: 1.Document studies, 2.Interviews, 3. Questionnaires. The issue of high heirlooms is intended for the daughters, low heirlooms have the sonâ€™s right in it. The sample given by Mr. Amrizal as the head of the Nagri costume density in the Nanggalo subdistrict still upholds Islamic law because that is where the source of strength is used as a guide in the application of this heritage. It's just that the terms are different. Meanwhile in the Koto Tangah subdistrict, Buya Darmis Muar as the niniak mamak at Aia Pacah and the head of the MUI subdistrict, Koto Tangah had explained it already. This problem would not find a bright spot / solution regarding the costume with Islamic law / faraidh.
Emergent Methodology to Understand BLM-Era Health and Well-Being: The Utility of Integrating Autoethnographic and Grounded Theory Approaches in Mixed Methods Action Research
Authors: Hitchcock Sophia L.
Published: May 2022

The disproportionate incidence of coronavirus cases and deaths among Black, brown and indigenous peoples in the United States further unmasks the impact of long-standing health inequities, reifies the effect of structural racism on health and well-being, and highlights the need for the Black Lives Matter (BLM) and allied social justice movements. Amidst social transformation, innovations in research methodology are frequently necessary because the research questions, their framing, and study outcomes are evolving with society (Hesse-Biber & Leavy, 2010). Consequently, to examine the impact of the widely variable, historically rooted but current injustices on the BLM-era health and well-being of Black people who are differently geographically, socially, and economically situated, might require the application of emergent methodology in the form of novel combinations of research approaches. Autoethnography, action research, grounded theory strategies, and mixed methods research are appropriate to attend to the context and inherent complexity of social justice inquiry because they support the use of diverse types of evidence, including the perspectives, worldviews, histories, and/or interpretations of the impacted community. This article presents methodologic concepts and examples as well as proposes methodologic adaptations as a mechanism to explore the value of integrating autoethnography and grounded theory approaches into a mixed methods action research cycle to examine issues associated with the health and well-being of Black people in the United States and other marginalized groups during the BLM and allied social justice era.
Editing Questionnaire Items using the Delphi Method: Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods
Authors: Mitchell Kim M. , McMillan Diana E. , Lobchuk Michelle M. , Nickel Nathan C.
Published: May 2022

The authors of this article argue that instrument development studies can be situated within constructive realism, an intermediary ontology between the representative constructed items and objectivist goals of measurement. The Delphi method uses constructionist processes by gathering expert opinions about the variable they wish to measure. Despite its popularity, little pragmatic guidance exists for researchers using the method in instrument development studies and authors of instrument development studies rarely describe the strategies used to decide when to keep, edit, or delete items when merging both quantitative and qualitative assessments of the developing items. This article, therefore, describes mixed methods decision-making strategies as they were implemented during the Delphi phase of the Situated Academic Writing Self-Efficacy Scale (SAWSES) validation project. Five case-study items are presented to highlight the strategies used to integrate the qualitative and quantitative data provided by a Delphi panel. Data were integrated by categorizing the quantitative data as having strong evidence for inclusion, deletion, or neutrality. Concurrently, qualitative data were integrated with the quantitative data by contemplating panellists’ individual and collective opinions about item value and wording, as well as stream-of-consciousness reflections from panellists about the nature of writing self-efficacy. This article contributes to the literature by describing, through use of specific examples, how qualitative and quantitative data can be effectively integrated to make decisions in mixed methods instrument development research and should be useful for all beginning and seasoned researchers attempting tool development.
Use of Rasch Modeling and Focus Groups to Inform the Training of Teacher Evaluators
Authors: Lambert Richard G. , Moore C. Missy , Bottoms Bryndle L. , Vestal Amanda , Taylor Heather
Published: May 2022

There are few empirical studies of teacher performance evaluation systems. Teachers are rightfully concerned about the degree to which evaluators’ idiosyncratic biases might undermine the process. Training evaluators thoroughly and monitoring the reliability, validity, fairness, and cultural sensitivity of their ratings are essential steps towards promoting strong performance evaluation systems. This study examined the process of evaluating early childhood teachers to inform evaluator training. The researchers sought to determine the degree to which the expectations of those who develop training materials and conduct evaluator trainings differ from the typical performance ratings given by evaluators in the field. Researchers used several methods to prompt a systematic examination of the evaluator training process across four sequential phases of investigation: (a) quantitative panel ratings of item difficulty, (b) panel discussion and consensus building (a qualitative phase), (c) examining expected versus empirical item difficulty (a quantitative phase), and (d) presenting the empirical difficulty levels to the panel for discussion (a qualitative phase). In this last phase, researchers presented results of Rasch modeling to the panel, along with levels of agreement between the empirical and expected difficulty levels. Panel members reported that the process of discussing their perceptions of expected item difficulty levels was valuable. They also reported that such discussion prompted them to reevaluate the training materials, the resource manuals, and other professional development resources. The study methods presented can be used to investigate and to improve other personnel evaluation systems.
OYUNUN ELEŞTİREL DÜŞÜNME ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN BAKIŞ AÇISI
Authors: TETİK Gamzegül , KANDIR Adalet
Published: May 2022

Araştırma okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin oyunun eleştirel düşünce üzerine etkisine yönelik görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan betimsel araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2020-2021 Eğitim Öğretim yılında Uşak İli merkezinde Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı okul öncesi kurumlarında görev yapmakta olan 33 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak; demografik bilgi formu ve “Oyunun Eleştirel Düşünmeye Etkisine İlişkin Görüş Belirleme Formu” kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama sürecinde, Google forms aracılığıyla gönüllü okul öncesi öğretmenlerine ulaşılmış, cevaplar e-mail yoluyla alınmıştır. Verilerin yorumlanmasında Nvivo 12 programı kullanılarak içerik analizi yapılmıştır.
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM AND CARBON CYCLING OF SEWAGE WASTE BY CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS
Authors: Saxena Shalini
Published: May 2022

Wetlands, either constructed or natural, offer a cheaper and low-cost alternative technology for wastewater treatment. A constructed wetland system that is specifically engineered for water quality improvement as a primary purpose is termed as a ‘Constructed Wetland Treatment System’ (CWTS). In the past, many such systems were constructed to treat low volumes of wastewater loaded with easily degradable organic matter for isolated populations in urban areas. However, widespread demand for improve in water quality, and water reclamation and reuse, is currently the driving force for the implementation of CWTS all over the world. Recent concerns over wetland losses have generated a need for the creation of   manmade wetlands, which are intended to emulate the functions and values of natural wetlands that have been destroyed. Natural characteristics are applied to CWTS with emergent macrophyte stands that duplicate the physical, chemical and biological processes of natural wetland systems. The number of CWTS in use has very much increased in the past 50 years. The use of constructed wetlands is gaining rapid interest. Most of these systems cater for tertiary treatment from towns and cities. They are larger in size, usually using surface-flow system to remove low concentration of nutrient (N and P) and suspended solids. However, in some countries, these constructed wetland treatment systems are usually used to provide secondary treatment of domestic sewage for village populations. These constructed wetland systems have been seen as an economically attractive, energy-efficient way of providing high standards of wastewater treatment.

Typically, wetlands are constructed for one or more of four primary purposes: creation of habitat to compensate for natural wetlands converted for agriculture and urban development, water quality improvement, flood control, and production of food and fiber (constructed aquaculture wetlands). In present research the sewage water is treated by constructing Horizontal sub – surface flow constructed wetland, and reed grass is used as vegetation to treat waste and make the sewage waste water clean.
THE BLUE GREEN PATINA ON SCULPTURES CAST IN COPPER AND ITS ALLOYS - THEIR CHEMISTRY AND AESTHETICS
Authors: Chawla Aashu , Sharma Giriraj
Published: May 2022

Copper and its alloys have a tendency to naturally corrode and form a blue green finish over them. This blue green finish has been observed in everyday copper and bronze utensils and even in famous sculptures like statue of liberty. Artists have long taken advantage of this patina to achieve aesthetic of desolateness, age, and damage. This patina tends to change the luster of the metal from reflective to matt and color from pink (gold in case of brass and bronze) to bright blue or green. Artists are known to use this change to add to visual language of their sculptures. The current paper takes in account the whole spectrum of blue – green patinas, from bright blue azurites to dull green verdigris and also dark green copper chloride salts. The paper discusses the chemistry behind the formation of this patina, tests age old recipes and discusses aesthetics with respect to famous Indian sculptors.
Rediseño de un sendero interpretativo turístico para la observación de anfibios y aplicación de herramientas lúdicas evaluativas en la empresa de biocomercio Wikiri, cantón Rumiñahui
Authors: Cantuña Guallichico Sandy Viviana , Matango Proaño Luis David , Corella Hidalgo Verónica Paulina , Avila-Salem María Eugenia
Published: May 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación muestra los resultados de dos propuestas turísticas para la empresa ecuatoriana Wikiri (empresa privada dedicada al biocomercio sostenible de especies de anfibios del Ecuador). La primera propuesta se enfoca en el rediseño del sendero de interpretación ambiental que existe actualmente en Wikiri para la observación de anfibios in situ; la segunda propuesta corresponde a la aplicación de herramientas lúdicas para identificar el nivel de captación de conocimientos adquiridos, por parte de los visitantes, después de efectuar los recorridos en el centro de investigación, con el objetivo de generar conciencia sobre la conservación ambiental. La investigación se llevó a cabo bajo el enfoque mixto cualitativo y cuantitativo, con la aplicación de encuesta, entrevistas, búsqueda bibliográfica y visitas de campo. Se obtuvieron 92 respuestas de personas que visitaron las instalaciones de Wikiri. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian el diagnóstico de las visitas del público a la empresa, determinando el perfil e interés del visitante, el estado actual del sendero, para proponer su rediseño, y su respectiva señalética. Estos son puntos clave, en los cuales debe enfocarse la empresa para incrementar el número de visitas que recibe. Finalmente, se determinó cuáles son las herramientas lúdicas idóneas para aplicarlas dentro de Wikiri Sapoparque y evaluar el conocimiento adquirido por sus visitantes.