bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated Financial Management Information System: a conceptual framework for Migori County, Kenya
Authors: Okello Jared Otieno , Migiro Stephen , Mutambara Emmanuel
Published: May 2017

In the modern world, developing countries like Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia and several others in the African continent have been encouraged to reform their public expenditure management systems through computerization of the entire public sectors in response to the increasing volume of data or information that need to be processed. There are, however, various factors to be considered prior to the implementation of the public expenditure management information systems. This paper undertakes a theoretical review of the critical success factors that impact on the implementation of an Integrated Financial Management Information System (IFMIS) with a view to identify factors applicable to the Migori County of Kenya. The paper, then, identifies the key factors to be incorporated in the proposed IFMS framework. The proposed framework draws from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) and the Work Around Theory (WAT). The paper fuses these theories towards a successful adoption of use of modern technology within the public sector IFMS. The key factors include technical, organizational, environmental, cultural and ethical behavior. These factors could improve efficiency and transparency through direct payments to suppliers and contractors, reduced prices due to gains based on the time value of money, as well as the comparative analysis of market rates and advanced relations across the numerous organizational units within government on execution, reporting, and thoroughness of budget transactions.
Diseño del control de posición de un motor DC con hardware simplificado
Authors: Butler Blacker Jorge Gustavo , Figueroa Santos Luis Leoncio , Castillo Belsuzarri Trini , Inca Rodríguez Jorge Luis
Published: May 2017

En el presente trabajo se presentan los detalles necesarios para el diseño del control de posición de un motor DC, teniendo en cuenta los parámetros del motor dados por el fabricante. Explicaremos los métodos para hallar los parámetros reales del motor, con los cuales se hallan los parámetros del controlador, además de las constantes de Kalman y de control utilizados en los programas tanto en lenguaje C++ como ensamblador del DSP que queramos utilizar, los datos de la señal de referencia, del encoder de posición, de la señal de control y de la señal de error que se pueden obtener como resultado del programa en tiempo real con lenguaje C++, dichos datos de salida se dibujan con software de Matlab. Con los datos obtenidos en tiempo real, se pueden crear los dos archivos de entrada de señal de referencia y del encoder de posición al programa en lenguaje ensamblador del DSP seleccionado, y para producir la señal de control que también es obtenida como resultado del programa en lenguaje C++, finalmente dibujamos los resultados del programa en lenguaje ensamblador de DSP seleccionado con software de Matlab.
Manajemen kewirausahaan melalui strategi berbasis sekolah di Islamic Solidarity School
Authors: Kemal Isthifa , Hasibuan Rossy Anggelia
Published: May 2017

Pemerintah telah berupaya untuk memasyarakatkan kewirausahaan, namun upaya tersebut belum membawa pengaruh yang signifikan karena masih banyak penduduk  yang tidak produktif setiap tahun. Dalam praktik di sekolah, bisa di lihat bagaimana strategi mengelola lembaga sekolah dengan menggunakan konsep kewirausahaan yang menguntungkan bagi sekolah dan siswa, dengan cara mengoptimalkan segala potensi yang dimilikinya. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari (1) syarat-syarat apa saja yang harus di miliki pengelola sekolah agar mampu menciptakan unit kewirausahaan, (2) bagaimana pola pengembangan unit kewirausahaan yang dapat di implementasikan di sekolah, (3) bagaimana cara memonitor dan mengevaluasi pengembangan kewirausahaan di sekolah. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah SMP Islamic Solidarity School yang telah menerapakan kewirausahaan berbasis sekolah. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif dengan memaparkan hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian yang capai saat ini yaitu, guru belum menerapkan pembelajaran berbasis kewirausahaan dalam perencanaan pembelajaran. Ada beberapa kendala yang dihadapi pihak sekolah dalam menrapkan kewirausahaan berbasis sekolah diantaranya dana, Sumber Daya Manusia, Sarana prasarana, waktu, pemasaran  dan kerjasama pada pihak luar yang terkait.Kata kunci: manajemen pendidikan, pendidikan kewirausahaan, strategi berbasis sekolah MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES BASED ENTREPRENEURSHIP THROUGH SCHOOLS IN ISLAMIC SOLIDARITY SCHOOLAbstractThe government has made an effort to promote entrepreneurship, but these effort  seem not show a significant impact due to the fact that many people who are not productive every year. It can be seen at school practice how the management of school institutions apply the concept of entrepreneurship that is benefical for schools and students by optimizing its potential. This can bee seen from (1). The requirements that should be owned by the school manager to be able to create an entrepreneurial unit, (2). How to develop of entrepreneurial units that can be implemented in school, (3). How to monitor and evaluate the development of entrepreneurship in schools. The sample of this study is Islamic Junior High School (Solidarity School) that has been applying the school-based entrepreneurship. This is a qualitative method using descriptive approach. The current research results are the teachers have not applied a based learning entrepreneurship in lesson planning. There are several problems faced by the school in applying the school-based entrepreneurship namely: funding, human resources, facilities and infrastructure, time, marketing, and cooperation on relevant external parties.Keywords: education management, entrepreneurship education, school-based strategies
Analisis implementasi kebijakan beban mengajar Guru Jenjang SMP, SMA, dan SMK di DIY
Authors: Widyawati Anik Septi
Published: May 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji: (1) implementasi kebijakan terkait beban mengajar guru minimal 24 jam per minggu, (2) dampak kebijakan beban mengajar terhadap kualitas dan kinerja guru, dan (3) faktor-faktor pendukung dan penghambat pelaksanaan kebijakan beban mengajar guru di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian kebijakan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode grounded theory. Pengumpulan data menggunakan pedoman wawancara dan studi dokumen  yang hasilnya divalidasi melalui trianggulasi sumber dan teknik, serta member check. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, kebijakan beban mengajar guru minimal 24 jam per minggu masih relevan dilaksanakan di sekolah. Sebagian besar guru telah memenuhi beban mengajar tersebut, sehingga berhak memperoleh tunjangan profesi yang berdampak pada peningkatan kinerja guru. Faktor penghambatnya adanya kebijakan lokal di kabupaten/kota (Kota Yogyakarta, Kab. Sleman dan Kab. Bantul) yang mengkaitkan tunjangan profesi dengan kehadiran guru di sekolah. Faktor pendukungnya dengan diberlakukannya K-2006 dan K-2013 serta peran kepala sekolah sangat berpengaruh dalam pembagian jam mengajar.Kata kunci: beban mengajar, sertifikasi, tunjangan profesi AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TEACHER’S TEACHING LOAD POLICY IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL, SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL, AND VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL IN SPECIAL REGION YOGYAKARTAAbstractThis research aimed review to: (1) the implementation of policies related to teaching load of teachers at least 24 hours every week, (2) the impact of policies teaching load to the quality and performance of teachers, and (3) the factors that restrict and support the implementation of the policies in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. This policy research used qualitative approaches with the grounded theory method.  Data were collected using interview guidelines and the study of documents  the results are validated through triangulation of sources and techniques , as well as member check. The results of this study demonstrate that the policy of the teacher's teaching load at least 24 hours every week is still relevant at schools. The restrictive factor in the teaching load policy is the existence of local policy that associates allowance with teachers attendance at schools (Kota Yogyakarta, Kabupaten Sleman dan Kabupaten Kulonprogo). The supporting factors are the use of two curricula i.e. Curriculum 2006 and Curriculum  2013, which will largely determine the load of teachers in each subject and the policy of the school principal who will greatly affect the fulfillment of teachers teaching load every week.Keywords: load of teaching, certification, benefits of profession
Pengembangan multimedia pembelajaran interaktif menggunakan teknik dinamis pada mata pelajaran produktif teknik komputer dan jaringan untuk siswa SMK kelas X
Authors: Hardiyantari Oktavia
Published: May 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk multimedia pembelajaran interaktif menggunakan teknik dinamis pada mata pelajaran produktif teknik komputer dan jaringan untuk siswa SMK kelas X serta mengetahui tingkat kelayakan dan efektifitas produk multimedia pembelajaran yang dikembangkan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan atau Research & Development (R&D) diadaptasi dari model pengembangan multimedia for learningdari Alessi and Trollip yang terdiri dari perencanaan, desain, dan pengembangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa produk yang dikembangkan layak digunakan sebagai alat bantu pembelajaran. Hasil uji coba pada siswa memperoleh nilai rata-rata 4,34 dengan kategori sangat baik, dengan rincian pada aspek materi memiliki rata-rata 4,33 (sangat baik) dan aspek media memiliki ratarata 4,35 (sangat baik). Peningkatan skor (gain score) rata-rata seluruh siswa dari hasil  pretes dan postes sebesar 0,71 (N-gain > 0,70), hal ini menunjukan bahwa efektivitas pengembangan produk termasuk kategori tinggi.Kata kunci: pengembangan media, pembelajaran teknik komputer dan jaringan MULTIMEDIA DEVELOPMENT OF INTERACTIVE LEARNING USINGDYNAMIC TECHIC IN PRODUCTIVE COMPUTER ENGINEERING AND NETWORKS SUBJECTS FOR CLASS X VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTSAbstractThis research aims to produce multimedia interactive learning using dynamic techic in Productive Computer Engineering and Networks Subjects for Class X Vocational school students, determine the feasibility level and the effectiveness of the multimedia learning which was developed. This study is a research & development (R & D) which was adapted from the multimedia for learning development model from Alessi and Trollip that consists of planning, design, and development. The results of this research are the product which is developed is feasible to be used as a learning tools. The students test result obtain average score 4.34 with very good category. In details, on the material aspect has average score 4.33 (very good) and media aspect has average score 4.35 (very good), (3) the gain score for all students from pre-test and post-test result obtain average score 0,71 (N-gain ≥ 0,7), it means that the effectiviness of the product development gets a high category.Keywords: multimedia development, computer engineering and networks learning
CYBERSPACE, INTERNET, DAN RUANG PUBLIK BARU: AKTIVISME ONLINE POLITIK KELAS MENENGAH INDONESIA
Authors: Jati Wasisto Raharjo
Published: May 2017

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mengenai cyberspace sebagai ruang publik baru bagi kelas menengah Indonesia. Konsep lama ruang publik besasal dari Habermas yang menilai ruang tersebut merupakan bagian dari proses komunikasi dan advokasi publik. Ruang tersebut dipahami sebagai ruang inklusif, deliberatif, dan juga parsipatif yang mendorong publik untuk berdiskusi satu sama lain. Kemunculan cyberspace melalui sosial media ini menarik untuk dicermati karena mampu mentrasnformasi ruang publik dalam bentuk digital. Dibandingkan dengan ruang publik, cyberspace berinteraksi kapanpun dan dimanapun. Dari situlah kemudian proses kesadaran politik kelas menengah kemudian tercipta. Artikel ini akan mengelaborasi lebih lanjut mengenai aktivisme politik onlone di Indonesia
Review Buku: Understanding Digital Humanities
Authors: Pamungkas Arie Setyaningrum
Published: May 2017

Artikel ini adalah sebuah review yang merupakan pembacaan secara kritis buku panduan (handbook) berjudul Undesrtanding Digital Humanities mengenai kajian humaniora digital yang diedit oleh David M Berry pada tahun 2012. Dalam review ini selain dibahas resensi isi buku dan muatan tematik yang digagasnya, juga menyajikan perdebatan kritis mengenai pembuatan konsep Digital Humanities sebagai paradigma baru kajian sosial humaniora. Perdebatan ini meliputi Digital Humanities sebagai suatu konsep metodologis maupun secara praxis yang berkembang di masyarakat seiring perkembangan teknologi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis isi dan analisis wacana, tujuan dari review buku ini adalah memeberikan pemaparan gagasan mengenai 'kajian humaniora digital' dan sekaligus pemahaman secara kritis atas implikasi sosiologis yang diakibatkannya.
Perumahan Muslim dan Politik Ruang di Yogyakarta
Authors: Arifin Kamil Alfi
Published: May 2017

Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir hingga kini, telah banyak berdiri perumahan Muslim di Yogyakarta. Beberapa area yang meliputi wilayah di beberapa kabupaten seperti Sleman, Bantul, Gunungkidul dan Kulon Progo telah menjadi target para developer. Pembangunan perumahan Muslim bukan semata-mata merupakan proyek berorientasi bisnis, melainkan juga didorong dan dipengaruhi oleh nilai-nilai ideologis dan agama. Kajian ini ditujukan untuk menganalisis produksi ruang yang berlangsung dalam pembangunan perumahan Muslim dan hubungan ekonomi-politik yang dapat dijumpai melalui kepentingan antara pihak developer dan elit kelompok-kelompok Islam yang terlibat dalam proses produksi spasial untuk perumahan Muslim tersebut. Lebih lanjut, kajian ini menunjukkan adanya suatu konspirasi yang juga melatarbelakangi proyek yang dikelola oleh pihak developer dan elit kelompok-kelompok Islam tertentu.
Presentación
Authors: CEIICH Redacción
Published: May 2017

El proceso de institucionalización de la investigación y la educación interdisciplinarias  en el ámbito universitario significa establecer procedimientos que estimulen de manera permanente las pautas de trabajo académico característicos de este enfoque en ambos contextos.  El predominio de diseños organizacionales y de criterios de evaluación favorecedores  del trabajo individual con un marcado acento disciplinario le confiere generalmente un rasgo  innovador a dicho proceso.
Reflexiones sobre la actualidad del conocimiento en el contexto de un programa de estudios interdisciplinarios en la Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
Authors: Celedón Gustavo
Published: May 2017

En el marco del doctorado en Estudios Interdisciplinarios sobre Pensamiento, Cultura y Sociedad de la Universidad de Valparaíso (DEI–UV), el presente artículo propone mostrar las principales reflexiones en torno a las formas del conocimiento en las condiciones actuales. Dichas reflexiones se enmarcan también en el contexto político que gobierna hoy el trabajo académico a nivel mundial y se nutren de las demandas que en Chile realizan hoy las humanidades y las artes a las instituciones a cargo de la investigación. Se propone la idea de una práctica plural que sea capaz de asociar las diversidades que constituyen el mundo disciplinario.
Análisis y síntesis de buenas prácticas en la educación socioambiental interdisciplinaria en Estados Unidos
Authors: Boll Jan , Link Timothy , Santelmann Mary , Robert Heinse Robert , Cosens Barbara
Published: May 2017

Los problemas socioambientales a menudo son complejos y sus soluciones requieren de un enfoque interdisciplinario. En la actualidad, los científicos y tomadores de decisiones formados en programas de posgrado no cuentan con suficiente formación en métodos y herramientas interdisciplinarias que les permita lograr un enfoque efectivo a la solución de problemas socioambientales. En este artículo, caracterizamos y analizamos dos programas interdisciplinarios de posgrado en universidades del oeste de Estados Unidos, y desglosamos: i) las características de las instituciones y de la institucionalización;ii)las contribuciones (inter)disciplinarias; iii) los proyectos socioambientales del pasadoy del presente;iv) los planes de estudio con sus métodos, cursos y éticas propios;v) los requisitos de tesis/trabajo de titulación;vi) las características de los profesores y alumnos, y,vii) el mercado de trabajo para los alumnos. La síntesis final incluye cinco lecciones aprendidas para tener un programa de educación e investigación interdisciplinarias exitoso:(1) un liderazgo efectivo; (2) una cultura institucional de colaboración; (3) recursos; (4)Apoyo y ayuda institucional para desarrollar una estructura administrativa compatible con la institución, y,(5) una comunicación tanto interna como externa.
Lecturas Recomendadas
Authors: CEIICH Redaccion
Published: May 2017

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INTERdisciplina Vol.4 No.10, septiembre-diciembre 2016
Authors: CEIICH Redaccion
Published: May 2017

¿Por qué pensar en instituciones?

Los factores institucionales son los que se mencionan usualmente como los culpables de impedir las iniciativas interdisciplinarias. Este número de INTERdisciplina presenta una propuesta diferente, desde la cual las instituciones son repensadas como construcciones sociales (Ostrom 1990,1995) que han aportado y aportan al desarrollo de la interdisciplina en diferentes contextos académicos.En este marco las universidades se erigen como ámbitos privilegiados al constituir espacios donde existe la libertad para generar innovaciones conceptuales y organizacionales que abran la puerta a nuevos modos de producir conocimiento (Weingart 2014).
La creciente importancia de la biblioteca académica en el mundo de la gestión del conocimiento
Authors: Koenig Michael E. D. , Scovetta Vincent
Published: May 2017

La innovación comienza con la novedad, la cual -por lo general- tiene su origen en las organizaciones pequeñas: ya sean de reciente creación (start-ups) o bien empresas derivadas (spin-offs), las cuales a menudo proporcionan nuevos productos y servicios que frecuentemente son adquiridos por las organizaciones más grandes. Esas organizaciones incipientes o chicas no tienen el personal profesional para evaluar las fuentes de información y crear un portal de información bien diseñado. Tales organizaciones, al no tener acceso a grandes recursos bibliográficos in situ, por lo general se basan en las bibliotecas universi- tarias para obtener mayor conocimiento en su área de interés; normalmente piensan en términos de gestión del conocimien- to. Si bien la literatura profesional y académica en esta disciplina continúa demostrando su importancia, es sorprendente observar que existe relativamente poco interés sobre la gestión del conocimiento en el ambiente académico. Las bibliotecas académicas pueden desempeñar una función muy importante al atender a esas pequeñas organizaciones, significativa tanto en términos de hacer a su país más innovador y competitivo como en términos de asegurar el apoyo a largo plazo para el funcionamiento de las bibliotecas académicas. El artículo sugiere medidas para proporcionar ese apoyo y lograr esas metas.
Acervo documental sobre cine mexicano de la Biblioteca Ernesto de la Torre Villar del Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora
Authors: Sánchez Soto Armando
Published: May 2017

La Biblioteca Ernesto de la Torre Villar, perteneciente al Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora, alberga en su acervo diversos documentos sobre cine mexicano, los cuales se presentan desde forma- tos tan comunes como libros y artículos de revista hasta otros menos convencionales como mapas o carteles. Asimismo, la información que éstos contienen aborda desde aspectos de carácter general sobre el tema hasta algunos subgéneros de mayor especialización. Del análisis realizado se concluye que los materiales que in- tegran esta colección representan una opción importante de información sobre el arte cinematográfico en México, ya que cuenta con cerca de cien materiales especializados, la mayoría de los cuales se encuentran disponibles para su consulta mediante el servicio de préstamo en sala.
Mercadotecnia, servicios y usuarios de información: reflexiones para bibliotecas
Authors: Do Amaral Sueli Angelica
Published: May 2017

El propósito de este estudio es reflexionar sobre algunas ideas e intercambiar experiencias de la aplicación de la mercadotecnia en bibliotecas y su contribución en el sector cuaternario para buscar innovación en los servicios informativos que son ofrecidos. Para alcanzar el objetivo presentamos la mercadotecnia en bibliotecas a la luz de las transformaciones tecnológicas y sociales, así como el desafío de los bibliotecarios y profesionales de la información en buscar innovación para entender el negocio, el mercado y los usuarios de los servicios informativos que son ofrecidos por las bibliotecas, teniendo en cuenta la gestión de la información en relación con la satisfacción de los usuarios.
El desarrollo de recursos electrónicos de información especializada en la Dirección General de Bibliotecas
Authors: Díaz Escoto Alma Silvia , Ramírez Godoy Ma. Esther , Zetter Leal Julio
Published: May 2017

En este trabajo se presenta un panorama general del desarrollo de recursos electrónicos de información especializada para apoyar las actividades de investigación y docencia que ha llevado a cabo la Subdirección de Servicios de Información Especializada (ssie) de la Dirección General de Bibliotecas (DGB) de la UNAM a partir del año 1997. Para su mejor comprensión el documento se dividió en seis apartados: Introducción. 1. Revistas y bases de datos. 2. Libro electrónico. 3. Descubridor de información. 4. Preservación Digital. 5. Consorcio Nacional de Recursos de Información Científica y Tecnológica (conricyt).
El compromiso organizacional de los bibliotecarios que laboran en instituciones de educación superior de Baja California, México
Authors: Toledo Sánchez Carmen , Maldonado-Carrillo Sonia Elizabeth
Published: May 2017

Este trabajo presenta una investigación de tipo descriptivo, comparativo, transversal con diseño no experimental sobre el diagnóstico del compromiso organizacional de los bibliotecarios de instituciones de educación superior. Su objetivo consiste en identificar el grado de compromiso que prevalece y si existen diferencias significativas atribuidas a la adscripción de los bibliotecarios, edad, nivel educativo y antigüedad laboral; para alcanzarlo se trabajó con una muestra de 54 bibliotecarios que laboran en instituciones de educación superior de Baja California, México. Para la recolección de los datos se utilizó un cuestionario Allen y Meyer y validado por Frutos para su empleo en universidades; su confiabilidad fue determinada a través del alfa de Cronbach, obteniendo un índice de confiabilidad de 0.737. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el compromiso de los bibliotecarios con la organización es elevado; además, revelan que solamente la edad se identifica como diferenciadora pues el resto (antigüedad laboral, institución de adscripción y nivel educativo) no ejercen influencia sobre el compromiso que manifiestan tener los bibliotecarios con la organización.
Decifrando los significados de una biblioteca personal
Authors: García Miranda Gloria Araceli
Published: May 2017

El presente ensayo es producto de un ejercicio metacognitivo que describe algunas anécdotas detrás de un libro. Narra cómo es que algunos libros constituyen enigmas y generan apegos, así como los miedos que despierta la posesión y luego la sucesión de una colección personal. Se trata de una breve historia en la que se identifican los significados que encierra una biblioteca casera, historia en la que se van entrelazando citas a bibliotecas personales como las de José Luis Martínez, Alí Chumacero, Pablo Neruda y George W. Bush, entre otras. Describe también las prácticas que la autora denomina “atados de libros” y “la cultura del postit”. Se hacen menciones a los ex libris de Alfonso L. Herrera y Enrique Beltrán Castillo. Se pretende también aumentar la inquietud por el estudio formal de las bibliotecas personales, ya que en opinión de un experto éstas han sido poco estudiadas.
Ectopic eruption of the maxillary second molar: Predictive factors
Authors: Hwang Soonshin , Choi Yoon Jeong , Lee Ji Yeon , Chung Chooryung , Kim Kyung-Ho
Published: May 2017

Objective:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic aspects, contributing conditions, and predictive key factors associated with ectopic eruption of maxillary second molars.

Material and Methods:

This retrospective study evaluated the study models, lateral cephalographs, and panoramic radiographs of 40 adult subjects (20 men, 20 women) with bilateral ectopic eruption and 40 subjects (20 men, 20 women) with normal eruption of the maxillary second molars. Studied variables were analyzed statistically by independent t-tests, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis, followed by receiver-operating characteristic analysis.

Results:

Tooth widths of bilateral lateral incisors, canines, and premolars were wider in the ectopic group, which resulted in greater arch lengths. The ANB angle and maxillary tuberosity distance (PTV-M1, PTV-M2) were smaller in the ectopic group. The long axes of the maxillary molars showed significant distal inclination in the ectopic group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that three key factors—arch length, ANB angle, and PTV-M1 distance—were significantly associated with ectopic eruption of the second molars. The area under the curve (AUC) was the largest for the combination of the three key factors with an AUC greater than 0.75. PTV-M1 alone was the single factor that showed the strongest association with ectopic eruption (AUC = 0.7363).

Conclusions:

An increase in arch length, decrease in ANB angle, and decrease in maxillary tuberosity distance to the distal aspect of the maxillary first molar (PTV-M1) were the most predictive factors associated with ectopic eruption of maxillary second molars.
In Vitro Evaluation of Marginal Adaptation of Direct Class II Composite Restorations Made of Different “Low-Shrinkage” Systems
Authors: Shahidi C , Krejci I , Dietschi D
Published: May 2017

The present study evaluated the influence of various low-shrinkage restorative systems in class II direct composite restorations following simulated occlusal loading. Forty MOD class II cavities were prepared on freshly extracted human lower third molars with proximal margins located mesially 1.0 mm coronal to and distally 1 mm apical to the cementoenamel junction. The samples were randomly distributed into five experimental groups corresponding to the following restorative systems: a conventional resin composite (Tetric) as active control group, a low-shrinkage composite (Extra Low Shrinkage [ELS]) alone or combined with its corresponding flowable version (ELSflow) used as a 1- to 1.5-mm liner, a bulk-filling flowable composite (Surefil SDR) covered by a 1-mm layer of restorative composite (Ceram-X), and a restorative bulk-filling composite (SonicFill). All specimens were submitted to 1,000,000 cycles with a 100N eccentric load into saline. Tooth restoration margins were analyzed semiquantitatively by scanning electron microscopy before and after loading. The percentage of perfect adaptation to enamel varied from 94.15% (SonicFill) to 100% (ELS) before loading and from 69.22% (SonicFill) to 93.61% (ELS and ELSflow) after loading. Continuous adaptation to cervical dentin varied from 22.9% (Tetric) to 79.48% (SDR/Ceram-X) before loading and from 18.66% (Tetric) to 56.84% (SDR/Ceram-X) after loading. SDR/CeramX and SonicFill showed the best cervical dentin adaptation.
Bonding Polycrystalline Zirconia With 10-MDP–containing Adhesives
Authors: Llerena-Icochea AE , Costa RM , Borges AFS , Bombonatti JFS , Furuse AY
Published: May 2017

Objective:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of adhesives with different 10-MDP concentrations on the shear bond strength of a resin cement to zirconia.

Methods and Materials:

Six experimental adhesives were prepared with the following composition: camphorquinone, 1,2-diaminobenzene, butylhydroxytoluene, diphenyliodonium hexafluorophosphate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol A glycol dimethacrylate, urethane dimethacrylate, bisphenol A diglycidyl methacrylate, and ethanol. The 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) monomer was added at 0wt%, 3wt%, 6wt%, 9wt%, 12wt%, or 15wt%. Three commercially available adhesives were evaluated: Single Bond Universal, Single Bond 2, and Signum Zirconia Bond. Resin cement cylinders made with RelyX Ultimate were bonded to yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal with one of the evaluated adhesives and were subjected to the shear bond strength evaluation. Failure modes were analyzed with a stereoscopic loupe. Statistical analyses were performed with one-way analysis of variance and the Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test (α=0.05). Pearson's was used to correlate the percentage of 10-MDP in the experimental adhesives and shear bond strength.

Results:

There were significant differences between adhesives (p<0.00001). The highest shear bond strength values were obtained with the Signum Zirconia Bond and Single Bond Universal. Single Bond 2 showed the lowest values. There were no differences between experimental adhesives. All groups showed adhesives failures. A nonlinear correlation was found between bond strength and percentage of 10-MDP in experimental adhesives (r=0.872).

Conclusions:

The commercially available adhesives indicated for bonding to zirconia showed the highest bonding values.
The Performance of Step-Wise Group Screening Designs
Authors: Manene M.M. , Simwa Simwa
Published: May 2017

In this paper we evaluate the performance of step-wise group screening designs in which group-factors contain an equal number of factors in the initial step.  A usual assumption in group screening designs is that the directions of possible effects are known a-priori. In practice, however, this assumption is unreasonable. We shall examine step-wise group screening designs without errors in observations when this assumption is relaxed. We shall consider cancellations of effects within group-factors. The performance of step-wise group-screening designs shall then be compared with the performance of multistage group screening designs.
Effect of Cumulus cell co-culture and Protein Supplement on Success of in vitro Fertilization and Development of Pre-implanted Embryos in mice
Authors: Fakhrildin Muhammad-Baqir M-R.
Published: May 2017

Successful oocyte fertilization and normal embryonic development of mice were considered the most important diagnostic criteria for the safety of materials and tools used for human in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Therefore, we studied the influence of cumulus cells co-culture and protein supplement within culture medium on percentages of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and normal development of early stages of mouse embryo later. Oocytes were collected and treated with hyaluronidase to remove cumulus cells. Oocytes were divided into four groups namely: Group-1: Oocytes incubated within modified Earl’s medium (MEM) supplied with 10% inactivated bovine amniotic fluid as a protein source and cumulus cells; Group-2: Oocytes incubated with MEM supplied with cumulus cells only; Group-3: Oocytes incubated with MEM supplied with 10% inactivated bovine amniotic fluid only; and Group-4: Oocytes  incubated with MEM free of both protein source and cumulus cells. For IVF, 5-6 oocytes were incubated with active spermatozoa under paraffin oil for 18-20 hours at 37° oC in 5% CO2. Percentages of IVF and embryonic development were then recorded. Best results for IVF and normal embryonic development were achieved from oocytes of Group-1 when compared to the other groups. As compared to Group-1, the percentage of IVF for Group-2 and Group-3 were decreased insignificantly and significantly (P<0.002), respectively. Significant (P<0.01) reduction in the percentages of IVF and normal embryonic development were reported in Group-4 as compared to Group-1. Therefore, it was concluded that the presence of cumulus cells co-culture and bovine amniotic fluid as a protein source within culture medium may have an important role on the fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa and oocytes and normal development of pre-implanted mouse embryo later.
Two New Measures of Fuzzy Divergence and Their Properties
Authors: Parkash Om , Sharma P.K. , Kumar Subhash
Published: May 2017

Several measures of directed divergence and their corresponding measures of fuzzy divergence are available in the exiting literature. Two new measures of fuzzy divergence have been developed and their desirable properties have been discussed.
The Time Evolution of a Constant Mass of Air Pollutant Emitted by a Point Source
Authors: Hassan M.H.A. , Eltayeb I.A.
Published: May 2017

The transient behaviour of a constant mass (i.e. a blob) of pollutant released from a point source at a height, , above ground level at time  is studied. The time dependent atmospheric diffusion equation in the presence of diffusion in both horizontal and vertical directions is used to model the problem. The model is found to be governed by an initial-boundary-value problem for the concentration of the pollutant. The solution is obtained in closed form using integral transform methods. The solution is illustrated graphically using appropriate numerical integrations. As time passes, the pollutant blob moves with a central point of accumulation of pollutant while the blob increases in volume to spread the pollutant around it. The motion of the accumulation point in space and time is strongly influenced by wind and gravity while the spread of the pollutant is governed by diffusion. The time taken by the blob to diffuse into space is estimated as a function of the parameters governing wind, gravity and diffusion.
Screening of Antioxidant and Radical Scavenging Activities of Some Omani Medicinal Plants
Authors: Al-Busafi Saleh , Al-Riyami Mubarak , Al-Ouwaisi Khadija , Hisham Abdulkhader
Published: May 2017

n-Butanol extracts of nine medicinal plants, Cressa cretica, Ziziphus spina-christ, Acacia tortilis, Tephrosia haussknechti, Aristolochiae bracteolata, Citrullus colocynthis, Teucrium mascatense, Rhazya stricta and Nerium oleander, found in Oman were screened for their antioxidant activity using phosphomolybdenum complex assays and their radical scavenging activity using DPPH assays. Ocimumi basilicum, a plant with well documented antioxidant activity, was used as a reference. A. tortilis, and T. haussknechti extracts possessed very high antioxidant activity (AOA) and high radical scavenging activity (RSA).
A knowledge-Induced Operator Model
Authors: Choudhury M.A. , Zaman S.I. , Al-Nassar Yaqoub
Published: May 2017

Learning systems are in the forefront of analytical investigation in the sciences. In the social sciences they occupy the study of complexity and strongly interactive world-systems. Sometimes they are diversely referred to as symbiotics and semiotics when studied in conjunction with logical expressions. In the mathematical sciences the methodology underlying learning systems with complex behavior is based on formal logic or systems analysis. In this paper relationally learning systems are shown to transcend the space-time domain of scientific investigation into the knowledge dimension. Such a knowledge domain is explained by pervasive interaction leading to integration and followed by continuous evolution as complementary processes existing between entities and systemic domains in world-systems, thus the abbreviation IIE-processes. This paper establishes a mathematical characterization of the properties of knowledge-induced process-based world-systems in the light of the epistemology of unity of knowledge signified in this paper by extensive complementarities caused by the epistemic and ontological foundation of the text of unity of knowledge, the prime example of which is the realm of the divine laws. The result is formalism in mathematical generalization of the learning phenomenon by means of an operator. This operator summarizes the properties of interaction, integration and evolution (IIE) in the continuum domain of knowledge formation signified by universal complementarities across entities, systems and sub-systems in unifying world-systems. The opposite case of ‘de-knowledge’ and its operator is also briefly formalized.
Review of Health Information Systems in Oman
Authors: Elhadi Mohammed , Al-Hosni Ahmed , Day Khaled , Al-Hamadani Adbullah , Al-Toqi Abdulrahman , Al-Shamli Nasser , Al-Hashmi Ali
Published: May 2017

This paper is a review of Oman's major Health Information Systems (HISs) and their enabling technologies. The work assesses the scope, functionality, security, and interoperability of the used systems. The review aids in achieving the objectives of HIS systems of improving the global quality of health care, attaining increased coordination between health care providers and consumers, promoting the use of guidelines and policies, and improving the speed of simultaneous access and distribution of medicalrecords and other resources. This paper, which can be considered as a building block towards the development of a nation-wide health care system, studies existing systems and identifies their functions and structures.
Application of Neural Networks to Data Mining
Authors: Kovacheva Zlatinka Svetoslavova
Published: May 2017

Data Mining accomplishes nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information of data. The aim of data mining is to discover knowledge out of data and present it in a form that is easily comprehensible to humans. Neural Networks are analytic techniques capable of predicting new observations from other observations after executing a process of so-called learning from existing data. Neural Network techniques can also be used as a component of analyses designed to build explanatory models. Now there is neural network software that uses sophisticated algorithms directly contributing to the model building process. The latest developments in research on neural networks bring them much closer to the ideal of data mining: knowledge out of data in understandable terms. The main goal of the review is to compare neural networks with other techniques for data mining and to overview some examples of application of neural networks to data mining processes in practice.
Soft Chemistry Routes to New Nanosize Materials
Authors: Melghit Khaled
Published: May 2017

The old classical method for preparing inorganic materials is by the ceramic route or solid state reaction. It consists of mixing the starting materials at an elevated temperature. This method has been used for preparing numerous new materials until today. Three decades ago, the materials science community was aware of soft chemistry synthesis or chimie douce, especially with the emergence of nanotechnology field. Instead of the classical method, which involves high temperature, soft chemistry techniques use lower temperatures. In general, starting materials are dissolved in a liquid phase and different parameters such as pH, temperature and reaction time are adjusted in order to obtain the desired product. By using a lower temperature of preparation, the product obtained shows nanosize particles, with sizes lower than 100 nanometers. In contrast, the ceramic route (or solid state reaction) using higher temperatures leads to bigger particles size that are out of the nanosize range. Also, some interesting phases that are not stable at elevated temperatures (named metastable phases) and are not accessible by the classical method, are now prepared by the soft chemistry technique. Usually these metastable phases have interesting structural features and important physical properties. Adding to that, the product is obtained with a higher level of purity.
Behaviour of Thermal Degradation of Some Poly (4-amino-2,6-pyrimidinodithiocarbonate) Metal Complexes
Authors: Al-Maydama Hussein M. , El-Shekeil Ali , Al-Karbouly Ashour
Published: May 2017

The thermal decomposition behaviour of the Fe(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes of poly[4-amino-2,6-pyrimidinodithiocarbamate] has been investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at a heating rate of 10°C min-1 under nitrogen. The Coats-Redfern integral method is used to evaluate the kinetic parameters for the successive steps in the decomposition sequence observed in the TGA curves. The processes of thermal decomposition taking place in the three complexes are studied comparatively as the TGA and DTA curves indicate the difference in the thermal decomposition behaviour. The thermal stabilities for the release of the fragments at the successive steps in the sequential decomposition of these complexes are discussed in terms of electronegativity and ionic size effects. The difference in thermal stability and the inconsistent variation in the kinetic parameters of these complexes are considered.
Simulation of Decadal Precipitation over Nairobi in Kenya
Authors: Muthama Nzioka John , Moses Manene M. , Joseph Ndetei Cornelius
Published: May 2017

In investigating Kenya rainfall variability and its relationship to other climatic elements it has become imperative to analyze the irregularly distributed rainfall events in time. To meet this requirement, this study used a stepwise regression technique. The study seeks to improve existing rainfall monitoring and prediction in Nairobi. Monthly rainfall data was fitted to several mathematical functions. The best mathematical model which best simulated the March-May (MAM) and October -December (OND) seasonal rainfall over the three stations of analysis was chosen using a stepwise regression technique. The value of R-squared for the best fit was computed to show the percentage of rainfall information that is explained by the variation in the independent (time) variable. From the results obtained, the stepwise regression technique selected the fourth degree polynomial as the best fit for analyzing the March-May (MAM) and October -December (OND) seasonal rainfall data set. Solar cycle period of ten (10) years was employed to get the fourth degree polynomial variables. Hence from the study, it can be deducted that the 4th degree polynomial function can be used to predict the peak and the general pattern of seasonal rainfall over Nairobi, with acceptable error values.  This information can be used in the planning and management of water resources over Nairobi. The same information can be extended to other areas.
Transform Domain Characterization of Dual Group Codes of Cyclic Group Codes over Elementary Abelian Groups
Authors: Zain Adnan Abdulla
Published: May 2017

The group of characters of an elementary Abelian group  has been used to define duality between its subgroups, which in turn is extended to duality between group codes. The transform domain description of the dual codes of cyclic group codes of length  over has been developed in this paper. Several example codes and their duals have been presented also.
Incidence Matrices of X-Labled Graphs and an Application
Authors: Jassim W.S.
Published: May 2017

In this work, we have made some modifications on the definition of the incidence matrices of a directed graph, to let the incidence matrices to be   more  confident for X – Labeled graphs.  The new incidence matrices are called  the incidence matrices of  X – Labeled graphs, and  we used the new definition to give a computer program for Nickolas`s Algorithm .
An Approach to Analyze the Ambiguity in RNA Structure
Authors: Singh Shailendra , Singh Amardeep
Published: May 2017

DNA and RNA are two very important bio-molecules of the human cell. RNA is the second major form of nucleic acid in human cells that plays an intermediary role between DNA and functional protein. Several classes of RNA’s are found in cells, each with a / its distinct function. Understanding of storage and utilization of a cell’s genetic information is based on the structure of RNA.  However,  Many  many experimental results have shown that RNA plays a another greater role in the cells. RNA sequences contains  which contain signals at the structure level can be exploited to detect functional motifs common to all, or a portion of, those sequences. Different types of analysis of a structure can provide functional information in different degrees of detail. In this This paper discusses various types of RNA secondary structure representation has been discussed and in which appropriate structure has been adopted  or ‘can be adopted’ if this is for the first time as appropriate for a probabilistic approach that shows un-ambiguity avoids ambiguity.
Formulas for the Number of Spanning Trees in a Chain of Cycles
Authors: Bier Thomas
Published: May 2017

We give a formula for the number of spanning trees in a chain of cycles that have connected intersection of one edge but where the cycles have variable sizes. The formula uses basic properties of continued fractions.
Micellar Enhanced Ultrafiltration for the Removal of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) Mixtures in Underground Contaminated Water in Oman
Authors: Aoudia Mohamed , Al-Sabahi Amal , Al-Kindy Salma , Al-Sheily Mahfoodh , Marikar Fouzul
Published: May 2017

In an attempt to analyze polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in diesel contaminated underground water in Oman (Rustaq), Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry was first used to determine the different concentrations in a standard mixture containing 16 PAHs. Retention time and calibration curves were obtained for all aromatic compounds and were used to identify a given analyte as well as its concentration in the contaminated underground water. Micellar enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) was then used to treat standard aqueous solution of PAHs at low concentration (~ 1 ppb) using an edible nonionic surfactant (Tween 80). The totality of the mixture components was completely rejected. Within the experimental detection limit (± 0.01 ppb), the residual PAH concentrations were less than 0.01 ppb in accord with the allowed concentrations in drinking water. Likewise, excellent rejections of PAHs in MEUF treatment of diesel contaminated underground water at an Omani site (Rustaq) were observed. The concentration of PAHs was reduced to less than 0.01 ppb, the accepted limit for the most toxic member of the PAH group (benzo(a)pyrene).
Spectral Analysis of Magnetic Anomalies Due to a 2-D Horizontal Circular Cylinder: A Hartley Transforms Technique
Authors: Al-Garni Mansour A.
Published: May 2017

The spectral analysis of the vertical effect of magnetic anomalies due to a 2-D horizontal circular cylinder is presented using Hartley transform. Hartley transform is an alternative approach to the famous complex Fourier transform. The depth to the center of the horizontal cylinder can be computed by a simple equation as a function of frequency. A synthetic example has been used to illustrate this technique and the validity of this approach has been proved by applying it to real data of a narrow band of quartz-magnetite in Mangampalli near Karimnagar town, India. The noise analyses were tested on the technique and showed a high level of confidence. The results of the field example are in good agreement with the ones published in the literature.