bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunohistochemical characterization of neurons in the vestibular ganglion (scarpa’s ganglion) of the pig
Authors: Dudek A. , Sienkiewicz W. , Kaleczyc J.
Published: May 2018

The study was carried out on three 4-month old female pigs. All the animals were deeply anesthetized and transcardially perfused with 4% buffered paraformaldehyde (pH 7.4). Vestibular ganglia (VG) were collected and processed for double-labelling immunofluorescence method. The preparations were examined under the Zeiss LSM 710 confocal microscope equipped with adequate filter blocks. Neurons forming VG were round or oval in shape with a round nucleus in the center. The majority of them (58%) were medium (M) (31-50 μm in diameter) while 28 % and 14% were small (S) (up to 30 μm in diameter) or large (L) (above 50 μm in diameter) in size, respectively. Double-labeling immunofluorescence revealed that VG neurons stained for CGRP (approx. 81%; among them 70.5%, 26.2% and 3.3% were M, S and L in size, respectively), VACHT (57%; 63% M, 24% S, 13% L), Met-Enk (25%; 60% M, 12% S, 28% L), VIP (20%; 88% M, 6% S, L), NPY (15%; 67% M, 20% S, 13% L), GAL (15%; 74% M, 21% S, 5% L), SP (12%; 69% M, 25% S, 6% L) and NOS-positive (12%; 50% S, 50% M). The most abundant populations of intraganglionic nerve fibers were those which stained for CGRP or Met-Enk, whereas only single SP- or NOS-positive nerve terminals were observed.
Pseudophysiological transcomplementary activation of reconstructed oocytes as a highly efficient method used for producing nuclear-transferred pig embryos originating from transgenic foetal fibroblast cells
Authors: Samiec M. , Skrzyszowska M. , Lipiński D.
Published: May 2018

The completely new strategy of pseudophysiological transcomplementary (transcytoplasmic) activation (PP-TCA) of nuclear-transferred oocytes, which had been derived frompWAPhGH-GFPBsdtransfected foetal fibroblast cells, was recently applied to the somatic cell cloning of pigs. It resulted in the considerable enhancing not only the cleavage activity of cultured cloned embryos, but also their morula and blastocyst formation rates as compared to the use of standard simultaneous fusion and electrical activation of reconstituted oocytes (77% vs. 57%, 63% vs. 46% and 40% vs. 27%, respectively). Altogether, the use of cytosolic components descended from heterologous (rabbit) zygotes as the agents for stimulation of porcine clonal cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids) turned out to be reliable and feasible strategy for the generation of transgenic blastocysts by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Furthermore, to our knowledge, no previous study has reported the preimplantation developmental outcome of transgenic nuclear-transferred pig embryos following the PP-TCA that was developed and optimised in our laboratory.
Viral infections in goose flocks in Poland
Authors: Kozdruń W. , Woźniakowski G. , Samorek-Salamonowicz E. , Czekaj H.
Published: May 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the infectious agents isolated from infection - suspected geese sent for the diagnostic examination to National Veterinary Research Institute. The birds were sent from goose flocks localized in different parts of Poland. Totally, 1,013 birds from 122 flocks were examined. The presence of goose parvovirus (GPV), goose haemorrhagic polyomavirus (GHPV), and goose circovirus (GoCV) was detected by triplex PCR. The presence of GPV DNA was shown in 36 flocks. The disease was most frequently diagnosed in goslings aging 3.5 weeks (ten flocks), and 2.5 weeks (six flocks). The analysis of the nucleotide sequence of VP1 encoding region has shown close similarity of Polish GPV strains within the group which ranged from 92% to 100%. Moreover, the similarity level of these strains with GPV isolated in Europe was from 91.3% to 100%. The occurrence of GoCV DNA was shown in 25 goose flocks. The presence of GoCV DNA was found among geese aged from 2 to 6 weeks, but predominantly in those aging 3.5 (three flocks) and 5 weeks (five flocks). The sequence analysis of PCR products from the sequenced region of ORFC1 capsid protein of GoCV has shown that Polish isolates share from 85% to 91% similarity with the sequences of GoCV strains isolated in other countries. The presence of DNA of GHPV was found in 3-week-old geese. During the last 2 years the presence of GHPV was confirmed in three flocks of goslings at the age from 3 to 3.5 weeks. During the last 12 years the occurrence of co-infection with GPV and GoCV was detected in six flocks aging from 5 to 6 weeks.
Computed tomographic and densitometric analysis of tibiotarsal bone mineral density and content in postnatal peking ducks (Anas platyrhynchos var. domestica) as influenced by age and sex
Authors: Charuta A. , Cooper R.G.
Published: May 2018

The bone mineral density BMD and content BMC were analysed in the tibiotarsal bones of ducks in the postnatal development as influenced by age and sex. One hundred birds from the nesting till the slaughtering maturity were included in the experiment. The analysis was conducted using a densitometer, Norland - Excell Plus and pQCT computed tomography, XCT Research SA Plus.

The statistical analysis was conducted using the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance (age) and the U-Mann -Withney test (sex). All calculations were performed in Statistica 9.0 (StatSoft, Inc. Tulsa, USA), at P ≤ 0.05. Two-factor analysis of variance ANOVA was applied and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated.

The densitometer research showed that BMD and BMC increased in the postnatal development for both sexes. The volumetric bone mineral density vBMD analysis using computed tomography showed that volumetric bone mineral density vBMD of the middle of the diaphyses in situ gradually attenuated during the postnatal development both in males and females, i.e. from 620 mg/cm3 (2 wk) to 500 mg/cm3 (8 wk). The biggest vBMD loss was observed in the diaphyses of females in 4 and 6 wk (r = - 0.63 and r = - 0.79; P ≥ 0.05).

The BMC decrease was observed in the proximal metaphyses between 4 and 6 wk for both sexes, r = - 0.52 (males), r = - 0.53 (females); P ≤ 0.05. The gradual loss may be the cause of deformities and fractures of the tibiotarsal bones observed from 4 wk in particular bone sections of both sexes. The achieved results may constitute a helpful source of information for water poultry breeders to prevent limb diseases.
Effectiveness of selected disinfectants on Malassezia pachydermatis
Authors: Vy´Rostkova´ J. , Cˇ Onkova´ E. , Laciakova´ A. , Pipova´ M.
Published: May 2018

The present study investigated the effectiveness of three different disinfectants: preparation H1 (two-component preparation based on hydrogen peroxide); Pedox (multi-component preparation based on peroxyacetic acid) and Savo hypochlorite preparation) against Malassezia pachydermatis. The antifungal activity of disinfectants was tested by quantitative suspension method according to STN EN 1650. The results confirmed 100% effectiveness of these disinfectants at all concentrations and exposure times tested.
Block–wise authentication method for digital images
Authors: Nahtigal Tomaž , Žemva Andrej
Published: May 2018

The ability to modify digital images can cause a serious problem in some applications. In this paper we propose a novel method derived from Wong’s authentication scheme that is capable of authenticating JPEG images as well as uncompressed images, but is not a watermarking method. The method offers great flexibility in terms of the size of the authenticator and the time needed to generate the authenticator, thus making it suitable for real-time image processing. We demonstrate this by implementing it in a programmable FPGA circuit.
Forced dynamic position control of PMSM with DTC utilization
Authors: Malek Michal
Published: May 2018

Almost one and a half century after the publication of Maxwell’s On Governors, feedback theory with PID controllers in cascade structure is still an essential part of control structures of most controlled electric drives. There are a few control strategies which are “ready” to replace it but they usually miss one of the essential fundamentals of every successful approach - simplicity hand in hand with lucidity. But there is one close relative which is simple and powerful at the same time, is not excessively abstract and without complicated mathematics. The name of this technique is Forced Dynamic Control. In this paper forced dynamic control is presented together with direct torque controlled PMSM drive as unique combination of simple algorithms for inner and outer loop of cascade structure.
Experimental verification and stability state space analysis of CLL–T series parallel resonant converter with fuzzy controller
Authors: Nagarajan Chinnadurai , Madheswaran Muthusamy
Published: May 2018

This paper presents a closed loop CLL-T (capacitor inductor inductor) series parallel resonant converter (SPRC) has been simulated and the performance is analyzed. A three element CLL-T SPRC working under load independent operation (voltage type and current type load) is presented in this paper.

The stability and AC analysis of CLL-T SPRC has been developed using state space technique and the regulation of output voltage is done by using Fuzzy controller. The simulation study indicates the superiority of fuzzy control over the conventional control methods. The proposed approach is expected to provide better voltage regulation for dynamic load conditions. A prototype 300 W, 100 kHz converter is designed and built to experimentally demonstrate, dynamic and steady state performance for the CLL-T SPRC are compared from the simulation studies.
The algorithm for determination of necessary characteristics of backfill materials used for grounding resistances of grounding loops reduction
Authors: Trifunović Jovan
Published: May 2018

Various backfill materials are used with the aim to reduce grounding resistance of grounding systems to the desired values. The algorithm for determination of a proper combination of features a backfill material needs to possess in order to successfully perform this task is developed and presented. It is based on the numerical analysis of the results obtained with finite-element method modelling of the considered grounding system, surrounding soil, backfill material and imperfect contact. As an example, the developed algorithm is applied on two grounding loops (one conventional and the other backfilled with bentonite suspension) embedded in a two-layer soil. The results obtained with the application of the proposed algorithm can be used as guidance for the researchers who are looking for new suitable low cost backfill materials.
NMR atructural analysis of a novel triterpenoid saponin extracted from Bellis perennis L.
Authors: Štujbera Michal , Sohretoglub Didem , Liptaja Tibor
Published: May 2018

One of the chromatographic fractions of an extract from Bellis Perennis has been analyzed using NMR. The major component of the fraction has been identified to be a novel triterpenoid saponin: 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl polygalacic acid 28-O-{α-rhamnopyranosyl (1→3)-β-xylopyranosyl(1→4)α-rhamnopyranosyl( 1→2)-[α-arabinofuranosyl(1→3)-4-O-acetyl-β-fucopyranoside]}.
Some aspects of dimeric metylsalicylatocopper(II) complexes preparation
Authors: Puchoňová Miroslava , Švorec Jozef , Valigura Dušan
Published: May 2018

A systematic study of the preparation of methylsalicylatocopper(II) complexes with or without N-donor ligand has resulted in three new dimeric complexes formation. The investigation has been targeted to two main aspects: the conditions of dimeric complexes preparation and the properties of obtained products. The common stoichiometric formula for all three complexes is Cu(x-MeSal)2(H2O)(ACN)z (where x-MeSal = 3- or 4-methylsalicylate anion, ACN = acetonitrile and z = 0, 1). Used spectral measurements mainly EPR spectroscopy gave the proof about the existence of dimeric “paddle-wheel” units in all three complexes. Moreover, it was concluded that acetonitrile molecules are more probably bonded to copper(II) atoms in apical positions of dimeric units. The water molecules are in coordination sphere only in the case when acetonitrile is not present. However data show that presence of 4-methylsalicylate anions led to strengthening of Cu-N bonds.
New Records of the Carpathian Endemite, Lissotriton Montandoni (Amphibia: Caudata: Salamandridae) at its Southern Distribution Limit
Authors: Iftime Alexandru , Iftime Oana
Published: May 2018

Populations of the Carpathian endemite Lissotriton montandoni are firstly described from the northern slope of the Făgăraş Mountains and the Leaota Mountains, thus bridging a gap in the known distribution, and extending it. The Făgăraş records are discussed in the context of the previously advanced biogeographical hypotheses on the range of L. montandoni.
External water exchange of lakes as the integral indicator of water body types
Authors: Doganovsky Arkady M.
Published: May 2018

External water exchange of overflow lakes is presented as the integral indicator, defining the type of lake basin. Intensity of water replacement in the lake (Kw) determines many processes taking place in the lake and its drainage area. Simultaneously this process influences the runoff of the outflowing river. Among the processes in the lake, depending on Kw, transitory-accumulative possibilities, predominance of allochton and limnic processes, and the participation of Kw in forming trophic status are considered. Some examples of the dependence of the parameters of lake level distribution curves upon the Kw values are given. The problem of calculation of Kw for unexplored objects is also regarded. The text contains specific examples of the results of calculations and analysis.
Description of a female of Forcipomyia (Pedilohelea) eremita (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) from Yemen
Authors: Alwin Alicja , Szadziewski Ryszard
Published: May 2018

A female of Forcipomyia eremita SZADZIEWSKI, GWIZDALSKA-KENTZER & GIŁKA, 2011 of the subgenus Pedilohelea DE MEILLON & WIRTH, 1980 is described for the first time.
Records of phoretic mesostigmatid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) on beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Cerambycidae, Elateridae, Erotylidae, Scolytinae) in the Białowieża Primeval Forest
Authors: Gwiazdowicz Dariusz J. , Gutowski Jerzy M.
Published: May 2018

Nine species of phoretic mesostigmatid mites are recorded on twelve species of beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Cerambycidae, Elateridae, Erotylidae, Scolytinae). The most numerous species of insects on which mites were found were Carabus granulatus (91 specimens of mites) and Plagionotus detritus (67). The most numerous mites were Iphidosoma fimetarium (100 specimens) and Trichouropoda sociata (77).
The westernmost record of Euclasta splendidalis (HERRICH-SCHÄFFER, 1848) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Europe
Authors: Koren Toni
Published: May 2018

During research in the Neretva Valley, south-western Croatia, a new species - Euclasta splendidalis - was reported for the Croatian fauna. Several specimens were collected in August at two localities, close to Rogotin and Opuzen. The closest known record of this species lies 380 km to the south-east in the Federative Republic of Macedonia. With this record the known range of the species has significantly extended westwards.
Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) from the Tervuren Museum, 3: Hypsidracon MEYRICK and Gnathodracon gen. n.
Authors: Razowski Józef
Published: May 2018

Two genera and seven species of Afrotropical Tortricidae are discussed. One genus (GnathodraconRAZOWSKI, gen. n.) and six species (Hypsidracon kururanaRAZOWSKI, sp. n.,Gnathodracon orbiculinaRAZOWSKI, sp. n.,G. arabukoRAZOWSKI, sp. n.,G. yuhanaRAZOWSKI, sp. n.,G. lukimayumbeRAZOWSKI, sp. n., andG. monospinaRAZOWSKI, sp. n.) are described.Prophaecasia strigulanaKARISCH is transferred toGnathodracon, comb. n.
The Recent View on the Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome in Children – Short Résumé
Authors: Sujanska A , Durdik P , Banovcin P
Published: May 2018

The authors present a recent overview of the common clinical manifestations, management, diagnostic criteria and currently accepted treatment approaches of children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). Paediatric OSAS has become widely recognized as a frequent disorder and as a major public health problem. Diagnosis of this problem is usually based on physical examination, history and clinical evaluation confirmed by the polysomnography (PSG). PSG is considering as a gold-standard test for establishing the presence and severity of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children. According to current understanding, OSAS is a dynamic process in which increased upper airway collapsibility is present resulting from a combination of structural and neuromotor abnormalities, rather than from structural abnormalities alone. In children the OSAS has completely different clinical features and requires different management strategy. Snoring, difficult breathing and apnoea during sleep, restless sleep, frequent awakening and behavioural disturbances are the typical symptoms usually present in children with OSAS. Nowadays, the classic presentation of child with OSAS as underweight child with adenotonsillar hypertrophy is being replaced by younger overweight or obese patients usually without the hypertrophied adenoids and tonsils. Recently it has been reported that delayed diagnosis of OSAS can lead to neurobehavioural consequences and even serious cardiorespiratory morbidity, metabolic complications, as well as an increase in insulin resistance, high blood pressure and the development of OSAS in adulthood. OSAS must be diagnosed and managed aggressively with having these new repercussions. Evidence suggests that the surgical intervention with removal of the tonsils and/or adenoids will lead to significant improvements in the most incomplicated cases, as recently reported from a meta-analysis. SDB and especially OSAS should be taken into serious consideration by pediatricians to prevent comorbidities in adulthood.
Atomoxetine in the Treatment of the Most Common Comorbid Disorders of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Snircova E. , Kulhan T. , Nosalova G. , Ondrejka I.
Published: May 2018

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in childhood or adolescence is associated with a significantly higher lifetime risk of oppositional defiant disorder, anxiety disorder, conduct disorder, among others. Reports of co-morbidity rates are variable and influenced by assesment methodology and refferal bias, and may reflect lifetime rates within clinical groups. Up-to date studies revealed that as many as 85% of patients with ADHD have at least one psychiatric comorbidity and approximately 60% have at least two. Research and clinical practice has shown that having multiple co-existing psychiatric problems increase the severity of ADHD and behavioural problems, and is associated with incereased psychosocial impairment. The high rate of psychiatric problems co-occuring with ADHD has strong implications for the management of these patients. The presence of co-existing psychiatric conditions may moderate the response to treatment of ADHD and ADHD treatments may adversely affect and exacerbate the symptoms of the co-morbit condition. The aim of this article was to summarize the use of atomoxetine in the most frequent co-morbid disorders accompaining ADHD, ODD (oppositional defiant disorder) and anxiety, and to emphazise decrease of co-morbid symptoms with treatment of atomoxetine what exhort us to think about them as about possible subtypes of ADHD.
Photocatalysis in the treatment and disinfection of water. Part I. Theoretical backgrounds / Fotokataliza w oczyszczaniu i dezynfekcji wody część i. podstawy teoretyczne
Authors: Bodzek Michał , Rajca Mariola
Published: May 2018

Photocatalysis process belongs to an advanced oxidation technology for the removal of persistent organic compounds and microorganisms from water. It is the technology with a great potential, a low-cost, environmental friendly and sustainable treatment technology to align with the “zero” waste scheme in the water/wastewater industry. At present, the main technical barriers that impede its full commercialization remained on the post-recovery of the catalyst particles after water treatment. This paper reviews the background of the process and photooxidation mechanisms of the organic pollutants and microorganisms. The review of the latest progresses of engineered-photocatalysts, photo-reactor systems, and the kinetics and modeling associated with the photocatalytic and photodisinfection water and wastewater treatment process, has been presented. A number of potential and commercial photocatalytic reactor configurations are discussed, in particular the photocatalytic membrane reactors. The effects of key photo-reactor operation parameters and water quality on the photoprocess performances in terms of the mineralization and disinfection are assessed.
Removal of arsenic compounds with peat, peat-based and synthetic sorbents / Usuwania związków arsenu za pomocą torfu, sorbentów na bazie torfu i sorbentów syntetycznych
Authors: Ansone Linda , Eglite Linda , Klavins Maris
Published: May 2018

Arsenic contamination of waters is a global problem; therefore, new approaches for its removal are needed. Peat, peat modified with iron compounds, iron humates and polymeric cation exchangers modified with iron were prepared and tested for sorption of arsenic compounds in comparison with weakly basic anionites. The highest sorption capacity was observed when peat sorbents modified with iron compounds were used. Sorption of different arsenic speciation forms onto iron-modified peat sorbents was investigated as a function of pH and temperature. It was established that sorption capacity increases with a rise in temperature, and the calculation of sorption process thermodynamic parameters indicates the spontaneity of sorption process and its endothermic nature.
Concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in Hypogymnia Physodes (L.)Nyl. thalli and changes to morphological structure / Kumulacja wielopierścieniowych węglowodorów aromatycznych w plechach Hypogymnia physodes (L.)Nyl. i zmiany w ich budowie morfologicznej
Authors: Jóźwiak Małgorzata Anna
Published: May 2018

Apart from widely known anthropogenic pollutants as SO2, NOx, CO2, CO, there are another dangerous substances emitted to the air named polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In the air they occur in a form of vapours and aerosols deposited on dust particles of 10 μm (PM 10) and 2.5 μm (PM 2.5) in diameter. In cities, the air polluted by gases and atmospheric particulate was analysed using special automatic or semi-automatic equipment or analytic procedures. That is why a powerful development of bioanalytical techniques based on using organisms as bioindicators is observed in recent years. The lichens are the most frequently used organisms in bioindication. The purpose of this research is to evaluate air pollution by PAHs in urban agglomeration with the use of Hypogymnia physodes (L.)Nyl. The research was performed in two hundred thousand occupants in south-east Poland in 2004-2007. The lichens placed on tree branches of 30 cm on 4 crossroads, and the 3 branches were put in each research point. Before starting the exposition, the “O” sample had been collected that had been stored in a closed container before chemical analysis. The exposition period lasted for 3 months. Then PAHs were determined in collected lichens. The analysis was performed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), LiChrosper (TM) column 100 RP - 18, UV detector; λ = 254 nm. The concentration was expressed in mg/kg of dry mass that is after deducting PAH value determined in “O” sample. The analysis of obtained results showed diverse concentration of the pollution in the analysed crossroads depending on the road traffic density and season. PAH concentrations were determined from 0.61 mg·kg-1 d.m. in the 1st quarter of 2004 to 2.56 mg·kg-1 d.m. in the 1st quarter of 2006, and from 0.48 mg·kg-1 d.m. in the 4th quarter of 2004 to 2.22 mg·kg-1 d.m. in the 4th quarter of 2006. Meteorological conditions influence the concentration of PAHs in lichens. The atmospheric precipitation contributed to the decrease of PAHs concentration in the air by scavenging the pollution with atmospheric particulate. The regression line amounted to y = 1.91759 - 0.00674 · x, at the confidence interval equal to p = 0.0308. A relation between the PAH concentration and air relative humidity turned out to be the most essential correlation. This relation indicates that the concentration of PAHs in the lichens increases with an increase of humidity. The line regression amounted to y = -1.04196 + 0.02897 · x, at the confidence interval equal to p = 0.0505.
Water quality of springs alongside Srebarna lake: preliminary chemical analysis / Jakość wody źródlanej wzdłuż jeziora Srebarna: wstępna analiza chemiczna
Authors: Kraleva Elka , Pavlova Milena , Mazo Bedia Elisa , Borisova Petya , Pehlivanov Luchezar
Published: May 2018

The Srebarna Lake Biosphere Reserve is a protected natural site of national and international significance. It characterizes with extremely high biodiversity, being one of the last wetlands along the Lower Danube preserved in relatively natural state; the lake area is NATURA 2000 site. This study was designed to further research on the impact of intensive agriculture on the lake’s ecological status. First task was to find an evidence for link between intensive agriculture and the loading of the lake with nutrients. The second was a study on the PAH’s penetration into the lake ecosystem. An overview was made on drinking water data for 2 underground (drinking water springs). Dyakova spring’s water displayed good ecological state after measured parameters PO3-4 , NO2-3, NO- 2 and pH. Todorankina spring did not fell within the boundaries of good and very good conditions. Increased nitrate levels in water samples leads us to conclude that agriculture in this part of the surrounding area affect groundwater quality in the biosphere reserve. Results from GC-MS analysis proved, that there is no groundwater contamination, responsible for the existing (although low) concentrations of PAH found in the lake.
Influence of Wind on Air Movement in a Free-Stall Barn During the Summer Period / Wpływ wiatru na ruch powietrza w oborze wolnostanowiskowej w okresie letnim
Authors: Herbut Piotr , Angrecka Sabina , Nawalany Grzegorz
Published: May 2018

Use of natural ventilation in the barn should lead to optimal microclimatic conditions over the entire space. In the summer, especially during hot weather, higher air velocity cools cows, which helps to avoid heat stress. The paper presents the results of studies on the evolution of air movement in a modernized free-stall barn of the Fermbet type with the natural ventilation system during the summer period. Based on measurements of velocity and direction of air flow (inside and outside the barn) and observations of smoke indicator, the movement of air masses in different parts of the barn was identified. Significant variations of air flow at different levels of the barn were found. These differences deviate from the accepted patterns of natural ventilation, which can be found in the literature. The range of a draught and stagnant air along with the conditions in which they are built was determined. On this basis, recommendations regarding the location of barns on the plots and the improvement of ventilation in summer were made.
The Effect of Carcass Conformation Class (Europ System) on the Slaughter Quality of Young Crossbred Beef Bulls and Holstein-Friesians / Porównanie wartości rzeźnej buhajków mieszańców mięsnych i holsztyno-fryzów w zależności od klasy uformowania w systemie EUROP
Authors: Nogalski Zenon , Wroński Marek , Wielgosz-Groth Zofia , Purwin Cezary , Sobczuk-Szul Monika , Mochol Magdalena , Pogorzelska Paulina
Published: May 2018

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of genotype and carcass conformation class on the slaughter quality of 200 young bulls, including 108 crossbred beef bulls and 92 Holstein- Friesians (HF), aged 21-22 months, selected in the lairage. The lean meat content was estimated and body measurements were taken before slaughter. After slaughter, the carcasses were graded according to the EUROP system, and carcass quality parameters were determined. Intramuscular fat was extracted from samples of m. longissimus dorsi, and the fatty acid profile of extracted fat was determined by gas chromatography. 61.11% carcasses of crossbred beef bulls were graded in the conformation class R, and 56.53% carcasses of Holstein-Friesians were classified as O. The majority of carcasses belonged to fat class 2, which was not consistent with intramuscular fat content. Within the same conformation classes, crossbred beef bulls were characterized by higher slaughter quality than Holstein-Friesian bulls. Meat from hybrid beef bulls had a higher (by 0.42% on average) content of fat with a more desirable composition. Since the population size of beef cattle will probably not increase in the nearest future, efforts should be continued to optimize the production of high-quality beef from dairy cattle herds.
Oesophagostominae (Nematoda: Chabertiidae) Of Suids From Southern Poland / Oesophagostominae (Nematoda: Chabertiidae) u świniowatych z Polski południowej
Authors: Nosal Paweł , Bonczar Zbigniew , Kowal Jerzy , Nowosad Bogusław
Published: May 2018

Until recently, the genus Oesophagostomum was the only Oesophagostominae occurring commonly in both domestic and wild suids of Europe. A few years ago, an alien oesophagostomin nematode Bourgelatia diducta was recorded in the wild boar population from southern Poland, and Vietnamese potbellied pig was blamed for introduction of this Far Eastern parasite. Apart from wild boars kept in captivity for meat production purposes, Vietnamese potbellied pigs can be raised in extensive, organic, or especially agrotourism farms, which constitutes an infection hazard to domestic pigs. The aim of the research was to determine and compare species composition of Oesophagostominae in wild boars from the natural environment, and in domestic pigs from extensively managed farms, located in the area where B. diducta was previously noted for the first time. A postmortem examination of the large intestines of 25 wild boars and 20 domestic pigs, each from different smallholdings, was conducted in the autumn and winter season of 2010- 2011. Oesophagostomum dentatum with coexisting O. quadrispinulatum were ascertained in swine, whereas the sole Bourgelatia diducta was recorded in wild boars. All the parasites occurred commonly in their hosts, with the prevalence of 80, 50 and 32% for O. dentatum, O. quadrispinulatum and B. diducta, respectively. Mean number of worms was many-fold higher in pigs, reaching 181 (range 1 to 2500) specimens in individual host, versus 3 (1-6) parasites in wild boars. A presumable influence of the alien nematode species on the European wild boar population as well as the potential for further spread of the parasite are elucidated
Prediction of long-term groundwater recharge by using hydropedotransfer functions
Authors: Miegel K. , Bohne K. , Wessolek G.
Published: May 2018

The investigations to estimate groundwater recharge were performed. Improved consideration of soil hydrologic processes yielded a convenient method to predict actual evapotranspiration and hence, groundwater recharge from easily available data. For that purpose a comprehensive data base was needed, which was created by the simulation model SWAP comprising 135 different site conditions and 30 simulation years each. Based upon simulated values of actual evapotranspiration, a transfer function was developed employing the parameter b in the Bagrov differential equation dEa/dP = 1- (Ea/Ep)b. Under humid conditions, the Bagrov method predicted long-term averages of actual evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge with a standard error of 15 mm year-1 (R = 0.96). Under dry climatic conditions and groundwater influence, simulated actual evapotranspiration may exceed precipitation. Since the Bagrov equation is not valid under conditions like these, a statistic-based transfer function was developed predicting groundwater recharge including groundwater depletion with a standard error of 26mm(R = 0.975). The software necessary to perform calculations is provided online.
Influence of stock on physical and chemical traits of fresh apricot fruit
Authors: Milošević T. , Milošević N. , Glišić I. , Šekularac G.
Published: May 2018

The study was conducted to determine the effects of Myrobalan rootstock and Blackthorn interstock on fruit physical and chemical traits of five apricot cultivars. The results showed that cultivars grafted on Myrobalan rootstock appear to induce a higher fruit mass when compared with the Blackthorn interstock. Blackthorn interstock showed a tendency to induce a higher soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio than Myrobalan. Values of soluble solids content, total sugars, titratable acidity and fruit firmness between Myrobalan rootstock and Blackthorn interstock were not significant. Regarding cultivars, the greatest fruit mass observed in Roxana in both treatments, and the lowest in Biljana on Myrobalan and in Vera on Blackthorn. The lowest soluble solids, total sugars and soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio were found in Roxana in both variants of grafting, whereas the greatest titratable acidity also observed in Roxana in both cases, respectively. Based on the results from this study, the fruits of Roxana can be recommended for fresh consumption, whereas fruits of the other cultivars can be recommended for processing.
Geographic Dijkstra-Based Multicast Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Musznicki Bartosz , Tomczak Mikołaj , Zwierzykowski Piotr
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Limited resources in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are the key concern that needs to be given a careful consideration when studying virtually any aspect of a sensor network. Therefore, energy demands and radio bandwidth utilization should be addressed, especially in one-to-many communication. It is evident that a need for centralized networkwide topology knowledge can jeopardize scarce energy resources of a sensor network. Thus, localized geographic multicast relies solely on locally available information about the position of current node, other nodes within the radio range and the location of destination group members.

Greedy multicast routing procedures often transport messages along paths that may be far from being optimal. Therefore, Dijkstrabased Localized Energy-Efficient Multicast Algorithm (DLEMA) is presented, described with pseudocode, and discussed. DLEMA focuses on discovering energy shortest paths leading through nodes that provide the maximum geographical advance towards desired destinations. Local routes are followed owing to the use of a source routing technique. Additionally, the algorithm takes advantage of the broadcast nature of omnidirectional radio communication and utilizes perimeter routing to find a solution for local optimum situations. The analysis of the simulation results confirms interesting characteristics of the proposed algorithm
Energy Efficient Routing for Multi Hop Ad Hoc Networks with Multiple Access and Adaptive Modulation to Maximise Throughput
Authors: Khan Danish , Ball Peter , Childs Geoff
Published: May 2018

Wireless ad hoc networks are frequently deployed in strategic applications that require the use of battery powered nodes. A key requirement for these networks is to maximize the time span when all nodes have sufficient battery charge to participate in communication with other nodes. To meet this requirement, this paper describes a routing strategy that seeks to find the best balance between minimizing the power consumption and evenly using all nodes within the network to avoid early exhaustion of individual nodes. The proposed routing scheme is compared to reported schemes using minimum power routing and the results show that the proposed scheme gives a longer time until the first node’s battery energy is depleted with a lower network power consumption than schemes using just energy minimization. Multiple access techniques are discussed and a cost-effective scheme based on available wireless LAN channels and space division multiplexing is proposed. Each path can use one, two or three time slots according to the number of hops in the path. Adaptive modulation is used where the link power budget is sufficient to maintain the throughput per unit time regardless of the number of hops in the path. Simulation results show that the throughput can be significantly improved using adaptive modulation with a small reduction in the time until the first node’s battery energy is depleted.
A New Analytical Model of UMTS Cell
Authors: Stasiak Maciej , Hanczewski Sławomir
Published: May 2018

This paper discusses a new analytical model of the WCDMA radio interface. The proposed model is based on Erlang’s Ideal Grading with multi-rate traffic and different availability characteristics. Thanks to the application this model, it is possible in the proposed model to take into consideration not only the influence of interference from different cells, but also different traffic management mechanisms. The operation of the new model is presented with the example of the WCDMA interface in which selected classes of calls have introduced traffic constraint. The proposed model is characterized by its simplicity, while the results obtained with its application are characterized by accuracy that is acceptable for the model to be used in engineering calculations.
Control Algorithms in Multi-Agent Environment
Authors: Marchewka Adam , Lutowski Zbigniew , Marciniak Beata , Śrutek Mścisław , Bujnowski Sławomir
Published: May 2018

In this paper the general information regarding controlling multi-agent systems has been given. The simulation results of using algorithms, proposed by authors, used for controlling groups of robots servicing the virtual library has been presented. These simulations concerned estimation of following parameters: number of iterations needed to complete a task, average customer service time and average customer awaiting service time in function of number of robots, size of library and number of exchange points.
A Computer Program for Drip Irrigation System Design for Small Plots
Authors: Philipova Nina , Nicheva Olga , Kazandjiev Valentin , Chilikova-Lubomirova Mila
Published: May 2018

A computer programhas been developed for design of surface drip irrigation system. It could be applied for calculation of small scale fields with an area up to 10 ha. The program includes two main parts: crop water requirements and hydraulic calculations of the system. It has been developed in Graphical User Interface in MATLAB and gives opportunity for selecting some parameters from tables such as: agro- physical soil properties, characteristics of the corresponding crop, climatic data. It allows the user of the program to assume and set a definite value, for example the emitter discharge, plot parameters and etc. Eight cases of system layout according to the water source layout and the number of plots of the system operation are laid into hydraulic section of the program. It includes the design of lateral, manifold, main line and pump calculations. The program has been compiled to work in Windows.
Vibration Effects Examination of Cushions Used on Tractor Driving Seat
Authors: Marul Musa , Karabulut Abdurrahman
Published: May 2018

Vibration effect of driver’s seat of agricultural tractor which works in land condition has been researched. In this research, three dif- ferent cushions on driver’s seat have been used. These are wool, sponge and cotton. Pad acceleration receiver is put on seat. Moreover, HVM100 tool has been used to record data. Data has been converted to graphs in BLAZE software. Statistical methods have been used in examining the graphs. In vibration isolation, ordering has been achieved as wool, cotton and sponge and without a cushion, respectively. Wool cushion has the best isolation. It is seen that data obtained from test results is appropri- ate according to ISO 2631 standards and scientific researches.
Analysis of Mixed Mode II/III Crack in Bilayered Composite Beam
Authors: Mladensky Angel S. , Rizov Victor I.
Published: May 2018

Mixed mode II/III crack investigation in cantilever bilayered unidirectional fiber reinforced composite beam is reported. The crack is situated between the layers. The two crack arms have different widths. Formula for the strain energy release rate is obtained by the linear elastic fracture mechanics methods using the magnitude of the applied forces, geometrical characteristics of the cross-section, and the elastic moduli of the layers. An equivalent shear modulus of the un-cracked beam portion is used. Several diagrams illustrating the results of parametrical analysis of the strain energy release rate are presented. The paper is a part of a research in the field of fracture behaviour of composite beams.
Convection Heat and Mass Transfer in a Power Law Fluid with Non Constant Relaxation Time Past a Vertical Porous Plate in the Presence of Thermo and Thermal Diffusion
Authors: Olajuwon B. I. , Oyelakin I. S.
Published: May 2018

The paper investigates convection heat and mass transfer in power law fluid flow with non relaxation time past a vertical porous plate in presence of a chemical reaction, heat generation, thermo diffu- sion and thermal diffusion. The non - linear partial differential equations governing the flow are transformed into ordinary differential equations using the usual similarity method. The resulting similarity equations are solved numerically using Runge-Kutta shooting method. The results are presented as velocity, temperature and concentration profiles for pseudo plastic fluids and for different values of parameters governing the prob- lem. The skin friction, heat transfer and mass transfer rates are presented numerically in tabular form. The results show that these parameters have significant effects on the flow, heat transfer and mass transfer.
Investigations of the Quality of The Reclaim of Spent Moulding Sands with Organic Binders
Authors: Dańko R.
Published: May 2018

Modern investigation methods and equipment for the quality estimation of the moulding sands matrices with organic binders, in their circulation process, are presented in the paper. These methods, utilising the special equipment combined with the authors investigation methods developed in the Faculty of Foundry Engineering, AGH the University of Science and Technology, allow for the better estimation of the matrix quality. Moulding sands systems with organic binders require an in-depth approach to factors deciding on the matrix technological suitability as well as on their environmental impact. Into modern methods allowing for the better assessment of the matrix quality belongs the grain size analysis of the reclaimed material performed by means of the laser diffraction and also the estimation of the moulding sand gas evolution rate and identification of the emitted gases and their BTEX group gases content, since they are specially hazardous from the point of view of the Occupational Safety and Health.
The Decreasing of Die Cracking for HDPC Technology by Changing Parameters of Heat Treatment
Authors: Herman A. , Zikmund P.
Published: May 2018

In earlier works were described trends in the production of tools for die casting (hot work). Almost the entire set of issues dealt with may seem insignificant when incompletely assembled acceptance of the material and the associated risks of processing a material with an inappropriate structure, leading to a very early defect of the die. Therefore, further work will focus particularly on identifying the causes of thermal cracks and preventing a suitable choice of acceptance criteria conditions and heat treatment.
Moulding Sands with New Inorganic Binders - Ecology Assessment in the Aspect of Work Environment
Authors: Szanda I. , Żmudzińska M. , Faber J. , Perszewska K.
Published: May 2018

The development of economy and industry introducing new technologies and materials often means the increased threat of occurrence of factors harmful to humans and environment. Workers employed in foundries as mould pourers are the group of high professional risk.

Foundry moulding sands when poured with liquid metal are a source of the emission of harmful, toxic and carcinogenic (benzene, PAHs) compounds.

The paper presents the results of studies on the concentration of chemical compounds emitted in the process of casting aluminium alloy and brass using moulding sands with the new inorganic binders. The specific values of the exposure indices were compared with the limit values. This enabled an assessment of the impact of moulding sands on work environment. The obtained results were compared with the values of contaminants emitted when pouring foundry moulds made from furan sands and bentonite sands with an addition of coal dust.

Studies were carried out under the project POIG.01.01.02-00-015/09 "Advanced materials and technologies."
Replies to Challenges in the Field of Air Pollution Control in Foundry Plants
Authors: Margraf R.
Published: May 2018

The solution of applications for air pollution control in foundries for iron and non-ferrous metals may not only be understood as the observance of requested emission limit values at the stack outlet. An effective environmental protection already starts with the greatest possible capture of pollutants at the source with at the same time minimisation of the volume flow necessary for this. Independent of this, the downstream installed filtration system has to realise a degree of separation of definitely above 99%.

Furthermore, when selecting the filter construction, attention has to be paid to a high availability. An even temporarily production without filter will more and more no longer be accepted by residents and authorities. Incidents at the filter lead to a shutdown of the whole production.

Additional measures for heat recovery while preparing concepts for filtration plants help to reduce the energy consumption and serve for a sustained conservation of environment.

A consequent consideration of the items above is also condition for the fact that environmental protection in foundries remains affordable. The lecture deals with the subjects above from the point of view of a plant constructor.
Norwid i dziedzictwo Herkulesa
Authors: Nowicka Elżbieta
Published: May 2018

In the 19th century Hercules lost his position as a favourite hero of cultural and anthropological foundation myths; in this role was displaced by Prometheus and Odysseus. However, a close look at Cyprian Kamil Norwid’s poems from his lyrics to ‘The Album’ reveals that despite his far-reaching transformation of the mythic history, its fundamental, received senses remain intact. In Norwid’s philosophy of history and anthropology Hercules is both a wanderer who epitomizes the values of the Mediterranean world and the at the same time a character afflicted by modern (ie. 19th-century) anxieties and frustrations.
Local height transformation through polynomial regression
Authors: Ligas Marcin , Banasik Piotr
Published: May 2018

The paper presents results of the transformation between two height systems Kronstadt’60 and Kronstadt’86 within the area of Krakow’s district, the latter system being nowadays a part of National Spatial Reference System in Poland. The transformation between the two height systems was carried out based on the well known and frequently applied in geodesy polynomial regression. Despite the fact it is well known and frequently applied it is rather seldom broader tested against the optimal degree of a polynomial function, goodness of fit and its predictive capabilities. In this study some statistical tests, measures and techniques helpful in analyzing a polynomial transformation function (and not only) have been used.