bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GOVERNMENTAL SUPPORT OF LIFELONG LEARNING AT UNIVERSITIES UNDER THE FEDERAL PROJECT «NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR EVERYONE»
Authors:   National research university «Higher School of Economics», Moscow, Russian Federation, Korshunov I. A. , Safonova M. Yu. ,   National research university «Higher School of Economics», Moscow, Russian Federation, Shirkova N. N. ,   Research Advisor of the expert and analytical center «Scientific and Educational Policy», Moscow, Russian Federation, Chakhoyan G. A. ,   National research university «Higher School of Economics», Moscow, Russian Federation, Szhenov E. S. ,   Research Advisor of the expert and analytical center «Scientific and Educational Policy», Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: November 2020

The article discusses state support for universities implementing lifelong education programs for adults in 2019 under the federal project «New Opportunities for Everyone». The aim of research was to identify the pattern of synergies between the outcomes of universities’ participation in the project and conditions for the development of the lifelong education system in regions. We compared the data on the scale of lifelong education and of the project’s funding with the socio-economic indicators of the Russian regions. The study showed that state subsidies for higher education institutions encourage them to further increase the scale of adult education by raising co-funding from the real sector of the economy. To develop lifelong education and raise non-public funds, universities are actively using their previously acquired experience of interacting with employers. Universities that develop programs of additional vocational training most actively are those that are least focused on research activities. At the same time, universities’ willingness to participate in the federal project shows their interest in attracting new student audience. Our correlation analysis has revealed a relationship between the results of the federal project and socio-economic indicators of Russian regions. The article offers recommendations for enhancing the efficiency of the federal project and for stimulating the development of lifelong learning system at universities with a focus on the needs of regional economies.
RESEARCH OF STUDENT REPRESENTATION BODIES IN UNIVERSITIES: CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Efimov D. B.
Published: November 2020

This article aims to present a critical and reflective analysis of modern practices of the student representation bodies that have institutional influence on decision-making of universities or the government. The article first describes different traditions of understanding student representation in the context of student politics and its links with student activism, political socialization, elections. Then we consider different approaches to understanding of student representation as a part of a higher education system (types and forms of interaction between students, on the one hand, and universities and governments, on the other hand). Finally, traditions of researching the practices of student representative bodies in different groups of countries (Anglo-Saxon countries, developing countries of Global South, and continental Europe) are discussed. The following section contains a critical analysis of the current research of student representation, its advantages (developed conceptual framework and limited geographic traditions of qualitative research as well as connection with political science in the electoral context) and disadvantages (insufficient empirical, positivistic focus; uneven geographical prevalence; lack of research focus on the «frontier» of the concepts of student representation and student activism). Then potential future areas of research are outlined, including the diversification of methodology (empirical quantitative methods) and geographical coverage (the post-Soviet space and key countries of East Asia) as well as refinements of the theoretical apparatus and a more detailed consideration of the connection between the practices of student representation and student activism. The originality and value of the article lies in the fact that despite the gradual increase in the popularity of student representation as a research topic in the last two decades, this topic remains largely underexplored in Russia, and the novel conceptual and methodological approaches proposed in this article should spur further studies.
Hokand Hanlığı Vakıflar Hukukuna Genel Bir Bakış
Authors: KARIEV Aiitmamat
Published: November 2020

Vakıflar, içgüdüsel bir davranış sonucunda meydana gelen belki de insanlık tarihinin en eski hayır kurumlarıdır. Diğer İslam beldelerinde olduğu gibi Orta Asya ülkelerindeki vakıflar bunun tarihî bir kanıtıdır. Hokand Hanlığı’na ait vakıf belgeleri hakkında Türkçe herhangi bir çalışmanın olmayışı, mecburî olarak bizim bu boşluğu doldurmamıza, daha doğrusu bu makaleyi telif etmemize sebep olmuştur. Bu makalede Hokand Hanlığı’na ait vakıf belgeleri, belgelerin karakteristik özellikleri, vakfedilen eşyaların türleri, vakıf gelirlerinin kullanıldığı merciler, hayır hasenat gibi vakıf işlerine bizzat hanların öncülük etmeleri, vakıf kurumlarının idarî yapı içerisindeki önemi ile vakıf memurları gibi konular araştırılmıştır. Makalenin sonunda çok eski bir mâziye sahip olan Hokand Hanlığı’ndaki vakıf kurumlarının Çarlık Rusya tarafından önce vergilendirme, sonrasında bazı gerekçelerle vakıfları kamulaştırma, son olarak da hanlıktaki tüm vakıfları ilga ederek kendisinin ekonomik bütçe kaynağına dönüştürmesi gibi konular detaylıca araştırılmış, bu konudaki boşluğu doldurabilecek önemli bulgu ve sonuçlar elde edilmiştir.
К Вопросу О Печати Главного Визиря Кокандского Ханства Аликули Амирлашкара
Authors: MAHMUDOV Sherzodhon
Published: November 2020

Своебразной исторической личностью является Аликули амирлашкар, занимавший должность главного визиря, полководца и мингбоши (тысяцкого, военачальника) в 1863-1865 гг., и оставивший яркий след в истории Кокандского ханства. По причине разнохарактерности сведений о его деятельности, всртечающихся в источниках по истории Кокандского ханства, историки подходы историков к его личности отличаются друг от друга. Этому есть несколько причин, которые связаны с периодом написания исторических сочинений и оппонентской позицией авторов в отношении Аликули амирлашкара. В источниках, написанных в период завоевания Кокандского ханства Российской империей, наблюдается позитивный подход к личности и деятельности Аликули амирлашкара. В большинстве трудов, созданных после ликвидации Кокандского ханства, деятельность Аликули амирлашкара описана критически. Это, в основном, связано с его переходом в оппозицию против Худояр-хана (1865-1875) и взятием под свое управление руководящих полномочий юного правителя (хана) Султана Саййид-хана (1863-1865). В этой статье, в основном, будет освещаться биография Мулла Аликули амирлашкара, а также его подъем по должностям политического управления Кокандского ханства и печати, принадлежавший ему. Настоящее имя Алиқули амирлашкара в некоторых источниках пишеться, как Мулла Алимкул или Алимкули амирлашкар. Но, печать, поставленная на дипломатическом письме и отправленное в Османское государство в 1864 г., дает нам основание говорить, что его настоящее имя было Мулла Аликули и служит выяснению его политического статуса.
Simulación en Easy Java para el campo de Poynting de un circuito circular
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Rubén , Mora César
Published: November 2020

Las simulaciones de fenómenos físicos mediante computadora ocupan hoy en día, un buen lugar dentro de las técnicas empleadas para innovar a la enseñanza tradicional de la Física. En este documento, describimos la manera de realizar una simulación en Easy Java para el campo de Poynting alrededor de un circuito circular. A través de un análisis matemático podemos hallar el campo vectorial para el vector de Poynting. Una vez obtenido, podemos elaborar una forma gráfica de representarlo con una simulación para su fácil asimilación en la enseñanza universitaria. La ventaja de elaborar una simulación, es que el estudiante puede aprovechar la facilidad de cálculo brindada por el ordenador para visualizar y entender el campo de Poynting de un circuito eléctrico circular sin necesidad de recurrir a un experimento real de laboratorio tradicional.
Independência Funcional entre Comportamentos de Falante e Ouvinte Relativos a Paisagens Desconhecidas
Authors: Simões Sarah Moraes de , Medeiros Carlos Augusto de , Viegas Eduardo Walcacer
Published: November 2020

Resumo Este estudo investigou o efeito de treinos sucessivos na emissão não treinada de comportamentos de ouvinte e falante após o treino do outro operante. Doze adultos universitários típicos foram divididos em dois grupos com base na ordem de exposição aos treinos e testes em três fases experimentais. Os participantes do Grupo Ouvinte-Falante passaram por treinos de ouvinte e testes de falante, e os demais foram submetidos a treinos e testes na ordem inversa. Os cinco estímulos utilizados por fase foram palavras inventadas e paisagens desconhecidas por eles. Os participantes do Grupo Falante-Ouvinte atingiram o critério de dependência funcional nas três fases experimentais. No outro grupo, apenas um integrante apresentou dependência funcional na primeira fase experimental, sendo observada melhora gradual no desempenho nos testes ao longo do experimento para os demais. Discutiu-se a eficácia dos treinos sucessivos na ocorrência de dependência funcional condicionalmente a aspectos do procedimento.
A model for art communication and development under the influence of social network
Authors: ZHANG Dongsheng , SUN Daodong
Published: November 2020

Abstract Improving the value of art information and user behavior factors can boost the effect of art communication and development. This paper proposes a social network based on the s-seir (Single SEIR) art communication and development model, a new model developed based on the SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, Recovered) classical epidemic dynamics model. In addition, we present the concept and characteristics of art communication, summarize the rules of node classification and art information evolution, and design an interpretative s-seir model considering the value of art information and user behavior factors. The experimental results show that the model can clearly analyze the impact of art value and user behavior on the dissemination and development of art information, and has the advantages of high efficiency and accuracy.
Integração do agente de combate às endemias na Estratégia Saúde da Família, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2017*
Authors: Pereira Glória de Araújo , Pícoli Renata Palópoli , Cazola Luiza Helena de Oliveira
Published: November 2020

Resumo Objetivo Descrever o processo de integração do agente de combate às endemias (ACE) na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos Estudo transversal descritivo. Os dados foram coletados por questionário semiestruturado autoaplicável, de fevereiro a maio de 2017, em quatro unidades de Saúde da Família na região urbana de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Resultados Participaram 57 agentes comunitários de saúde (ACS) e 8 ACEs. Todos os participantes informaram realizar orientações ao morador e 58 realizavam controle mecânico durante a vistoria de imóveis, visando evitar e eliminar possíveis criadouros do Aedes aegypti. Quanto à integração dos ACEs na ESF, 18 participantes destacaram o trabalho em equipe como aspecto positivo, enquanto 15 referiram falta de autonomia para intervenções legais como aspecto negativo. Conclusão A integração do ACE na ESF é viável; contudo, ajustes devem ser realizados para potencializar as atividades, na perspectiva do trabalho compartilhado em uma mesma base territorial.
Prospective for the integration of Blockchain and the IoT for Cluster implementation
Authors: Rodríguez Molano José Ignacio , Martínez Baracaldo Jhonnatan Nicolás , Triana Casallas Jenny Alexandra
Published: November 2020

Introduction: The present article is the result of the investigation and approach to the applications and developments of blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT), developed during the second semester of the year 2019 and first of 2020.Problem: Construction of environments and mediums in a cluster structure that allow companies and institutions to cooperate and compete to achieve efficiency and strengthen grouping. Objective: Integrate blockchain and IoT to develop and present a two-level architecture, from which a support environment is established and a series of functionalities are offered for a cluster implementation.Methodology: Review articles to achieve an approach to blockchain and IoT architecture, configuration and description of structural and functional levels.Results: An architecture with a structural level constituted by a decentralized computer application based on blockchains, a sensory and response network that incorporates IoT technologies and an intermediate component of cloud computing; this, at a functional level that manages to offer users support and help in their activities from modules created with a particular specialty.Conclusion: The structural level furthered the integration of base technologies, blockchain and IoT; on the other hand, the second level of architecture reveals the potential and versatility of these technologies.Originality: Proposal for the implementation of blockchain, IoT and cloud computing in a cluster structure.Limitations: The difficulty of accessing a cluster to perform a test of the architecture in a real environment.
Overview description of the Gambian GABECE Educational Data and associated algorithms and unsupervized learning process
Authors: Saine Ousman , Dembélé Soumaila , LO Gane Samb , Haidara Mohamed Cheikh
Published: November 2020

As the first paper of a series of exploratory analysis and statistical investigation works on the Gambian GABECE data based on a variety of statistical tools,
we wish to begin with a thorough unsupervised learning process through descriptive and exploratory methods. This will lead to a variety of discoveries and hypotheses that
will direct future research works related to this data
Correlation analysis of clinical features and genotype in dogs with intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, Kuznetsova T. , Mikhailova A. ,   Saint Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, Markov A. ,   Center for Veterinary Genetics "Zoogen", Filippova E. ,   Center for Veterinary Genetics "Zoogen", Bychkova E. ,   Center for Veterinary Genetics "Zoogen"
Published: November 2020

Most modern pet species have awide breed variability. The genetic aspect plays a signif-icant role in the development of individual pathologies. A retrogen encoding fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4), when inserted into the chromosome 18of dogs (CFA18), leads to chondrodysplasia, phenotypically mani-festing itself as shortened limbs in dogs. The incorporation of the FGF4 retrogene into chromosome 12 (CFA12) leads to a similar phenotype, but associated with an increased degeneration of the intervertebral discs. Although many retrogens are considered “silent”pseudogenes, the FGF4 retrogene in cases of chondrodysplasia and chondro-dystrophy is transcriptionally activated and leads to hyperactivation of the fi-broblast growth factor 3 receptor (FGFR3). Mutations are dominant, but links with spinal problems have been identified only for one, where the retro-gene is integrated into chromosome 12. Thus, dogs with the phenotype of short limbs are at risk for degenerative disease of the intervertebral discs, however, the disease recorded among animals is not related to chondrodystrophoids. The genetic predispo-sition of dogs of chondrodystrophoid breeds to degeneration of intervertebral discs is not a pathognomonic criterion for its presence. The study included genetic tests of dogs of different breeds, which were examined for compression myelopathy as a result of degeneration of the intervertebral discs. During testing, the purpose of which was to find correlation, the corresponding pedigree predispositions and clinical mani-festations of degenerative diseases of the intervertebral discs among 20 dogs (14 chondrodystrophoid and 6 non-chondrodystrophoid) wereconfirmed, in 14 cases (i.e. 70%) discogenic compres-sion was revealed during tomography.
Measures aimed at prevention of cow’s mastitis incidence
Authors:   FGBU “Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, Batrakov A.Y. , Plemyashov K.V. ,   FGBU “Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, Videnin V.N. ,   FGBU “Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”, Yashin A.V. ,   FGBU “Saint-Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine”
Published: November 2020

In order to prevent mammary gland' disease, the specialists of InterChemmet LLC, to-gether with scientists from the St. Petersburg State Academy of Veterinary Medicine, have developed a hygiene product. "Compomol DS +" is used to treat the skin of the nipples of the udder before milking. It thoroughly and quickly cleanses the skin from various contaminants and helps to activate milk flow. Since the gate for the penetration of staphy-lococci and streptococci into the udder is an open nipple canal, foam treatment of each nipple was carried out. The nipple was dipped into a foaming glass with a 40% solu-tion of Compomol DS +. After that, the nip-ple was wiped with a soft napkin. Another product called Compomol DS Green Eco developed by InterChemmet LLC is applied to the udder nipples immediately after milking. The drug helps to normalize blood circulation after milking, has a wound healing property. The drug forms a mem-brane. This limits the access of microflora to the udder through the nipple, since the sphincter of the nipple canal remains open for 30 minutes after milking. When using «Compomol DS Green Eco» for 180 days, no negative effects on the skin of the nipples were observed. After hygienic treatment of the nipples, the animals be-haved calmly while putting on cups on the nipples and during milking, which contribut-ed to the complete extraction of milk from the mammary gland. The amount of residual milk after milking was not more than 40-60 ml of milk. An analysis of the results of the research indicates that the above hygiene products reduce the incidence of cows with mastitis by 33.4% and do not cause harmful effects to both animals and the staff. Using of hygiene products on the farm in 96 cows with-in 180 days of the experiment allowed to reduce economic damage by 39900 rubles. Measures aimed at prevention of cow’s mastitis incidence.
PBMC- 04 - In vitro Culture of TEFF+TREG - Proliferation of TEFF v1
Authors: Cosentino Marco , Storelli Elisa , Luini Alessandra , LM Legnaro Massimiliano , Rasini Emanuela , Ferrari Marco , Marino Franca
Published: November 2020

List of published work using this procedure: Kustrimovic, N., Comi, C., Magistrelli, L., Rasini, E., Legnaro, M., Bombelli, R., Aleksic, I., Blandini, F., Minafra, B., Riboldazzi, G., Sturchio, A., Mauri, M., Bono, G., Marino, F., & Cosentino, M. (2018). Parkinson's disease patients have a complex phenotypic and functional Th1 bias: cross-sectional studies of CD4+ Th1/Th2/T17 and Treg in drug-naïve and drug-treated patients. Journal of neuroinflammation, 15(1), 205. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-018-1248-8
Calf stretching v1
Authors: Khan Masood
Published: November 2020

This time course study aimed to assess the acute effects of static stretching (SS) of different durations on the isometric maximum voluntary contraction force (MVCF) of the calf muscle. Ten male participants participated in three pretest-posttest experimental trials: SS for 2-minutes (SS2), 4-minutes (SS4), and 8-minutes (SS8). MVCF was measured before, immediately after, at 10- and 20-minutes post-stretch intervals. SS2, SS4, and SS8 did not change the MVCF at 0-, 10- and 20-minutes post stretching intervals.
AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DO RIO PITANGA, SÃO CRISTÓVÃO/SE
Authors: E Silva Arthur Rodrigues de Sena , Machado Adriane , Barbosa Silvanito Alves , Santos Luam de Oliveira , Santos Maylin do Nascimento
Published: November 2020

O presente trabalho teve como principal objetivo analisar a qualidade da água do rio Pitanga, visando detectar as principais fontes poluidoras a fim de sugerir soluções, projetos e ações que visem a tomada de decisões para mitigar os impactos ambientais nos municípios de Aracaju e São Cristóvão em Sergipe. Foram determinados 4 pontos de coleta para o monitoramento da qualidade da água. Os resultados das análises microbiológica, parâmetros físico-químicos e de metais pesados das amostras de água coletadas, indicaram valores acima dos limites estabelecidos pela legislação para os seguintes parâmetros: coliformes termotolerantes, pH, condutividade elétrica, acidez carbônica e para os metais pesados cádmio e cobre. Os valores obtidos para as amostras, através dos ensaios de laboratório, foram interpretados em função dos limites individuais de aceitação para cada substância, de acordo com os padrões de qualidade das águas estabelecidos pela legislação brasileira. Os resultados encontrados para as concentrações de coliformes termotolerantes e de metais pesados como cádmio e cobre foram preocupantes por passarem de maneira considerável dos limites estabelecidos, indicando uma água imprópria para o consumo. A avaliação de variáveis biológicas, físicas e químicas da água do rio Pitanga, permitiu estabelecer as condições ambientais da área de estudo, e indicar a influência antrópica nos impactos ocasionados no rio. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho podem ser utilizados como fontes de dados primários, para promover o planejamento e gestão ambiental local e regional.
EU Border Officials and Critical Complicity: The Politics of Location and Ethnographic Knowledge as Additions
Authors: Kristensen Marlene Paulin
Published: November 2020

Based on research conducted among EU border enforcement officials, this article embarks on a discussion about complicity and critical analysis within border and migration studies. The study of borders and migration in the context of the EU is a highly politicized issue, and several scholars have pointed out that critical research easily comes to serve into a “knowledge loop” (Hess, 2010), or play part in the proliferation of a “migration business” (Andersson, 2014). In this article, I will argue that in order to not reproduce the vocabulary or object-making of that which we study, we need to study processes of scale-making (Tsing, 2000) and emphasise the multiplicity of borders (Andersen & Sandberg, 2012). In the article, I therefore present three strategies for critical analysis: First, I suggest critically assessing the locations of fieldwork, and the ways in which these either mirror or distort dominant narratives about the borders of Europe. Secondly, I probe into the differences and similarities between the interlocutors’ and researchers’ objects of inquiry. Finally, I discuss the purpose of ‘being there’, in the field, in relation to ethnographic knowledge production. I ask whether we might leave behind the idea of ethnography as evidence or revelations, and rather focus on ethnography as additions. In conclusion, I argue that instead of critical distance, we as scholars should nurture the capacity of critical complicity.
Mapping European Border Control: On Small Maps, Reflexive Inversion and Interference
Authors: Pollozek Silvan
Published: November 2020

The so-called hotspots—identification and registration centres on the Aegean Islands in Greece and in Italy—are not only sites of remote detention, European intervention or differential inclusion, but also logistical set-ups, where data is generated and spread across state institutions. Such socio-technical assemblages are hard to research not only because of state actors’ desire to keep things secret but also because of methodological issues. How does one disentangle their extensive, complex and rhizomatic nature? Which trajectories does one follow and which actors and voices does one assemble? Following recent work in the realm of STS, methods are understood as (b)ordering devices, which performatively enact an ordered world and produce accounts of the social, including some realities while excluding others. This article considers mapping a well-suited method for studying widespread socio-technical assemblages, but only if it is handled with caution. Based on an empirical inquiry into the Moria hotspot and following a praxeographic research approach, different types of small maps are developed that enfold complexity by being attentive to situatedness, symmetry, multi-sitedness and multiplicity. Furthermore, it emphasizes an on-going process of reflexive inversion of the mapping process that makes the crafted accounts contestable and its boundaries and blind spots visible. Finally, the article discusses how mappings can be used not only as research but also as a political device that contributes to the work of other collectives beyond the scientific production of truth.
VI-RADS system and levels of tumor microenvironment biomarkers in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer when choosing treatment tactics
Authors: Ponukalin A. N. , Zakharova N. B. , Chekhonatskaya M. L. , Zuev V. V. , Korolev A. Yu. , Chekhonatskiy I. A.
Published: November 2020

Objective: to identify the role simultaneous use of the Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) and the assessment of serum levels of several mediators and growth factors for the evaluation of metastatic process and disease stage in patients with bladder cancer.Materials and methods. This retrospective study included 85 patients with histologically verified transitional cell (urothelial) bladder carcinoma (stages рТа—TINOMO. [)T2NOMO, рТ3—4NN0M0, and [)T2—4N1—3M1) and 20 healthy controls. In addition to general clinical examinations, all patients have undergone preoperative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis with background suppression. We calculated the diffusion coefficient and included it into the VI-RADS protocol. All study participants were also tested for their serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MSP-1), interferon γ (IFN-γ), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF- β1), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and granulocyte-macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results and conclusion. We found that the preoperative use of VI-RADS together with the assessment of serum levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, colony-stimulating factors, and growth factors in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer provide additional information about the activity of malignant transformation in tumor tissue and tumor spread. Their simultaneous use during the examination of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is a promising diagnostic approach to monitor treatment response.
Bladder cancer: treatment after progression. Results of the second retrospective analysis of data on the efficacy of vinflunin in patients with metastatic urothelial cancer in real clinical practice in Russia
Authors: Bolotina L. V. , Zaborskiy I. N. , Safiullin K. N. , Gurin E. V. , Volodina L. N. , Semyonova E. S. , Gurchev A. A. , Gladkikh O. P. , Zhabina A. S. , Tarasova A. V.
Published: November 2020

Objective. There is the second generalized analysis of administration of vinflunine in real clinical practice in Russia.Materials and methods. This analysis gathered 15 patients with urothelial carcinoma treated using this medicine in 8 cancer centers in Russia. We assessed efficacy, safety profile of vinflunine in this subset of patients.Results. Clinical efficacy of vinflunine (complete response + partial response + stable disease) was 73.3 %, one patient demonstrated complete response. Median of response duration accounts for 3.8 months. Six-month and 1-year survival rate made up 93.3 %. Adverse events were observed in 53.5 %, with only one episode of neutropenia 4 grade.Conclusion. In our second analysis vinflunine was more effective than in randomized clinical trial and other studies from real practice in Europe. Thus, we confirm expediency to administer of vinflunine for metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in the treatment of localized prostate cancer. From total to focal ablation
Authors: Aboyan I. A. , Pakus S. M. , Badyan K. I. , Hasigov A. V. , Galstyan A. M.
Published: November 2020

A review of the literature is devoted to the urgent issue of modern oncourology — the treatment of prostate cancer using high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Currently, there is a trend in shifting the approach from total to focal ablation in patients with prostate cancer of low risk in order to reduce the profile of complications. The article presents the results of modern research on HIFU in both total and focal ablation. Data on oncological, functional results of treatment are given.
Modern prostate cancer biomarkers. Prospects for EN2 in the prostate cancer diagnosis
Authors: Tarabayeva A. S. , Zhubanturliyeva A. B. , Okhas I. M.
Published: November 2020

Prostate cancer is one of the most common forms of malignant neoplasms in men. In this regard, it is relevant to search for diagnostic markers that allow the creation of inexpensive, effective tests for early diagnosis of the disease, predicting the risk of relapse and assessing the effectiveness of the therapy. Existing invasive methods for diagnosing prostate cancer present some difficulties for patients. This article discusses the diagnostic capabilities of tissue biomarkers of prostate cancer obtained by non-invasive methods.
Islam and urostoma: a modern view through the prism of a religiously traditional legal system
Authors: Mamizhev E. M. , Dzhalilov I. B. , Aslanov B. I. , Kemryugov T. Kh. , Krestianinov S. S. , Osetnik V. K. , Kharsov A. A.
Published: November 2020

Patients who practice Islam often refuse the proposed type of treatment for malignant neoplasms, citing religious reasons. Most fear that complete or partial non-retention of urine, the presence of a urostoma (ileal conduit) will violate their ritual purity and, as a result, their religious duties. The consequence of such refusal of treatment may be a lower quality of life, compared with patients of other faiths. Unfortunately, a low awareness of religious responsibilities among surgeons performing pelvic exentesis, cystectomy, prostatectomy, may prevent a full-fledged discussion of these issues before surgery. The presented review of the literature examined studies, legal aspects, and religious arguments that assist doctors in choosing treatment tactics for patients.
KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule 1) in the urine of renal cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Kanukoev K. Yu. , Sergeeva N. S. , Karmakova T. A. , Marshutina N. V. , Solokhina M. P. , Nyushko K. M. , Alekseev B. Ya. , Kaprin A. D.
Published: November 2020

Objective: to assess the potential clinical significance of KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule 1) as a urinological marker for kidney cancer.

Materials and methods. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess urinary KIM-1 (uKIM-1 — kidney injury molecule 1) levels in 67 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and 36 healthy volunteers (a control group).Results. Both in patients and in healthy individuals, uKIM-1 levels were age independent. A difference between mean uKIM-1 values in RCC patients (2.4 ± 0.2 ng/ml) and the control group (0.7 ± 0.1 ng/ml) was statistically significant (p <0.0001). In RCC patients the higher uKIM-1 level was observed at more advanced clinical disease stages: the values increasedfrom 2.0 ± 0.2 ng/ml at the stage I and 3.0 ± 0.5 ng/ml at the stage II—III to 4.4 ± 1.2 ng/ml at the stage IV. In the group of patients with stage IRCC, most representative by the number of cases (n = 44) the uKIM-1 levels correlated with the tumor size and were increased in patients with different histological subtypes of the tumor, including clear cell, papillary and chromophobe RCC. After nephrectomy, a monotonous decrease in uKIM-1 level was observed, and after 6 days its values approached the mean value in the control group. Two days after kidney resection, uKIM-1 increased and then decreased, remaining elevated after 6 days.Conclusion. This study demonstrates that uKIM-1 can be attributed to potentially significant urine tumor-associated markers of RCC.
Combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab in the treatment of disseminated renal cell carcinoma. Realities and prospects
Authors: Alekseev B. Ya. , Shevchuk I. M.
Published: November 2020

The use of immunotherapeutic drugs as monotherapy and in various combinations for metastatic renal cell carcinoma has revolutionized the treatment of this disease. Thanks to the breakthrough studies carried out, the standard in the first line of therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma is now a combination of checkpoint inhibitors, as well as an immuno-oncological agent with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.This article presents updated data from the CheckMate 214 study with a minimum follow-up of 42 months. A review of studies on the efficacy of nivolumab in patients with renal cell carcinoma in the first line of therapy with the possibility of adding ipilimumab in case of progression of the disease on the background of monotherapy is carried out, as well as data on the use of a combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab in the second line of treatment.Monotherapy with nivolumab has a certain effectiveness in a specific category of patients, for example, with potential intolerance to ipilim-umab or first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors, as well as in patients with a favorable prognosis.The combination of drugs nivolumab + ipilimumab is a highly effective treatment option in the first line of therapy with the potential for a sustained response in patients with RCC with an poor and intermediate risk, and in the second and subsequent lines requires further study.
Pulmonary function in preoperative, postoperative and post hospital discharge after heart surgery: controlled clinical study
Authors: Soares Jully Wendy , Santos Gabriela Xavier , Ferreira Monica Beatriz , Foresti Bruno Bonfim , Barbosa Danillo , Ferreira Viviane Cristine
Published: November 2020

Background: Cardiac surgery may influence respiratory function at different times, such as before and after surgery, and after hospitaldischarge. Objective: Evaluate the respiratory functionality (respiratory muscle strength and peak expiratory flow-PEF) of pre, postoperativeand post-hospital discharge of cardiac surgery patients at a Regional Hospital in the south of Minas Gerais. Methods: The sample consisted of11 subjects: 6 women (54.4%) and 5 men (45.46%), with mean age of ± 60 years. The mean height, weight and BMI were respectively: ±1.61m,±71.08kg and ±26.89. Results: The values of the functional variables were lower than expected; men had the highest values of maximalinspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and PEF at the 3 moments; there was correlation rs < 1 p < 0.01 of PRE MIP andPOS MIP; PRE MIP and POS MEP; third day MIP and PRE MIP; and POS MEP and PRE MEP. Conclusion: men had the highest values ofrespiratory functional variables. The analysis of the variables at the 3 moments showed that after hospital discharge most of them reduced theirvalues. The post hospital discharge should be a concern of professionals assisting cardiac surgery patients.
Evaluation of the cervical spine, breathing mode and burnout syndrome in university students with temporomandibular disorder
Authors: Negrão Karen Sella de Andrade , Folster Natali Maciel , Antônio Tiago Tsunoda del , Costa de Araújo Camila , Machado da Silva Joyce
Published: November 2020

A articulação temporomandibular é responsável por realizar as funções do sistema estomatognático. As desordens que acometem a articulação temporomandibular causando alterações no seu funcionamento resultam no que é conhecido como disfunção temporomandibular (DTM). A etiologia da DTM é complexa e multifatorial, sendo considerada um conjunto de problemas clínicos que envolve não só a ATM, mas estruturas circunvizinhas, podendo estar relacionada com a postura e a mobilidade cervical, a respiração e com fatores psicossociais. Diante do exposto, o objetivo foi analisar a postura e a mobilidade cervical, modo respiratório, assim como a presença da Síndrome de Burnout e possíveis relações com a disfunção temporomandibular em universitários. Para definir a presença da disfunção temporomandibular utilizou-se o RDC/TMD, o modo respiratório foi avaliado através do teste de água na boca e do teste do espelho, para avaliação da amplitude de movimento cervical alta, a flexão com rotação foi testada utilizando o Flexímetro Sanny® e a postura cervical foi avaliada através do SAPO®, a Síndrome de Burnout foi avaliada através do Inventário de Maslach de Burnout para estudantes. Participaram do estudo 60 universitários da Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná, do Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Revelou-se que a disfunção temporomandibular foi mais frequente nos universitários de Fisioterapia e a flexão com rotação à direita foi menor nos universitários com disfunção temporomandibular, bem como o modo respiratório, sendo a respiração bucal a mais encontrada nesses indivíduos, porém, não foram observados diferença estatisticamente significante entre os grupos com e sem DTM. A Síndrome de Burnout obteve média maior do domínio exaustão emocional em ambos os cursos, não havendo diferença entre os grupos com e sem DTM. Conclui-se que a DTM não influenciou a mobilidade cervical, bem como o modo respiratório e que não há indicativo de Síndrome  de Burnout nos universitários segundo os resultados obtidos, porém o domínio Exaustão Emocional apresentou maior escore.
Physiotherapeutic approach in women undergoing hysterectomy
Authors: Martins Edgar Manoel , Girola Carolina , Wolpe Raquel Eleine , Roza Thuane Huyer Da , Honório Gesilani Júlia Da Silva
Published: November 2020

Hysterectomy is the second most frequently performed surgery on the female genital tract. The patients submitted to this procedure are susceptible to complications that can be avoided by preventive measures, among them, the accomplishment of physiotherapy. This study aims to verify in the scientific literature the physiotherapeutic approaches in women submitted to hysterectomy. Systematic Researches of indexed articles were carried out in databases: Pubmed, LILACS, MEDLINE, PEDro e SciELO, between the years 2009 and 2019. 9 articles fit the inclusion and exclusion criteria determined to compose this systematic review. The main topics of physiotherapeutic activity found in the articles were: techniques for strengthening the pelvic floor musculature, breathing exercises, aerobic exercises and strengthening of the core, upper and lower extremities, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, evaluation of physical performance, fatigue, pain and quality of life, besides applying alternative techniques such as: acupuncture, electroacupuncture, auricular electrical stimulation, transcutaneous electrical stimulation, electric acustimulation and acupressure. There is a great diversity of studies showing beneficial effects in the different interventions developed, serving as a basis to direct the physiotherapeutic conducts in hysterectomy approaches, aiming at complementary resources for the best care of the patient undergoing this procedure. Keywords: Hysterectomy. Physical Therapy Modalities. Physical Therapy Specialty.
A Rare Complication After Cesarean Section: Vesicouterine Fistula
Authors: ÖRDEK Eser , PELİT Eyyup Sabri , KATI Bülent
Published: November 2020

Vesicouterine fistulas are rarely seen (1-4%) genitourinary fistulas which occur mostly due to iatrogenic reasons related to gynecologic and obstetric surgeries. They are mostly caused by iatrogenic reasons. Vesicouterine fistulas which are seen after cesarean section, which are not accompanied by urinary incontinence but cause amenorrhea and cyclic hematuria are called Youssef syndrome. In this article, we aim to present a case of vesicouterine fistula which developed after the fifth cesarean section, in the light of the literature.
El reto europeo en las últimas elecciones presidenciales francesas: la confirmación de una nueva línea de fractura
Authors: Vayssiere Bertrand
Published: November 2020

Como demuestran los resultados de la última elección presidencial en Francia de 2017, el malestar europeo se refleja cada vez más en el espejo de la campaña electoral, y con ello el de los franceses: la desconfianza hacia el futuro en la UE expresada por parte de la sociedad francesa ha sido de manera generalizada uno de los componentes de las votaciones de este principio de siglo, ampliando la línea divisoria entre proeuropeos y antieuropeos y dibujando un futuro donde Francia y Europa deben repensar sus vínculos.
Democracia. Iconografía política de los conceptos fundamentales de la modernidad
Authors: Capellan Gonzalo
Published: November 2020

Los significados de algunos conceptos fundamentales de la política moderna no se fijaron en el imaginario colectivo exclusivamente a través de los distintos tipos de texto y los discursos. Las imágenes desempeñaron un papel esencial en la forma en la que se representaron los conceptos y fueron utilizadas estratégicamente en las luchas políticas por connotar y resignificar esos conceptos. Una tipología de imágenes que adquirió especial relevancia en ese proceso histórico en el que se conformaron las iconografías políticas de los conceptos fundamentales del discurso moderno fueron las caricaturas. Esta tipología de imágenes fue difundiéndose especialmente a través de la prensa, que enriquecida con ilustraciones tuvo una creciente popularidad en su combinación del humor gráfico con la sátira política. Este proceso de construcción histórica de los significados de los conceptos a partir de una narrativa visual, que conjugaba las ideas y sus símbolos, se ejemplifica con un estudio de caso: democracia. Concretamente, se reconstruye el uso de las imágenes de la democracia desde sus primeras alegorías modernas en los tratados de iconología del siglo xvii hasta la II Guerra Mundial, prestando especial atención a varios momentos históricos en los que la concepción de la democracia y su significado experimentaron cambios cruciales.
«Asuntos negros». Las autoridades españolas frente a la esclavitud y el servilismo en los territorios del Sáhara Occidental (1934-1957)
Authors: Mateo Dieste Josep Lluís
Published: November 2020

Este artículo analiza la política colonial española hacia la esclavitud y el servilismo en el Sahara entre 1934 y 1957, con el objetivo de reconstruir las prácticas y el lenguaje administrativo de los oficiales españoles acerca de una cuestión silenciada y de compleja definición como las formas extremas de dependencia. La fuente principal en que se basa el estudio son los documentos internos de la administración colonial en el Sahara español, que serán interpretados desde una doble perspectiva: para reconstruir las relaciones de poder entre colonizadores y colonizados, y para descubrir los problemas de los colonizadores a la hora de definir y manejar las nociones de esclavitud. El resultado del análisis es que las autoridades españolas desarrollaron una paradójica política que prohibía formalmente el comercio de esclavos, pero que respetaba la institución del servilismo para no contravenir a muchos jefes tribales. A pesar de esta supuesta neutralidad, los oficiales españoles tuvieron que gestionar numerosos conflictos vinculados a la compra-venta, la manumisión o la fuga de esclavos en un complejo espacio de frontera colonial, que reveló la agencia de los subalternos. Todo ello se produjo en un escenario repleto de tensiones e incertidumbres que mostraban la pugna por definir los propios fenómenos de esclavitud y servilismo en una época de cambios.
Daytime peak incidence of death due to the ischemic heart disease
Authors: H. Wilenky Janet , Chang Hsin
Published: November 2020

Myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, ventricular dysrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death occur most frequently in the morning, especially in the first few hours after awakening. Among individual patients, however, this pattern may vary widely. Up to 80% of individuals who suffer sudden cardiac death have coronary heart disease; the epidemiology of sudden cardiac death to a great extent parallels that of coronary heart disease. This review describes circadian patterns in cardiovascular disease processes and analyses the findings of recent studies by searched, from PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scopus databases in a time period between late 1970s through July 2013. The circadian pattern of numerous cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, stroke) reveals a peak in the early hours of the morning, which occurs in more than 20% of patients with arterial hypertension, and can be regularly detected in combined 24-h-ABPM/EKG examinations. The awareness of an increased incidence of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death in the early morning hours, shortly after waking, has stimulated an interest in the relationship of these events and the occurrence of both silent and symptomatic myocardial ischaemia. A number of studies have been reported that examine both the physiological triggers and the underlying causes of these events. Beta-adrenergic blockers have been shown to abolish the early morning peak of myocardial infarction and blunt the morning peak in sudden cardiac death. Newer calcium antagonists, such as amlodipine, have been demonstrated to control angina throughout a 24-hour period. Aspirin is effective in preventing morning infarction. Approaching the pathophysiology of circadian time-dependent sudden cardiac death has implication for future prevention and treatment.
Survival rates between premenopausal and postmenopausal women with lung cancer: US SEER database
Authors: G. Yousif Nasser , Schumann Christian
Published: November 2020

In the United State, lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death in both men and women. Several reports have suggested a role for estrogens in the development and/or progression of lung cancer, especially in women. Data from the national SEER registry between the years of 1990-2011 was analyzed, women between the ages 31-50 years old were chosen as representative of the premenopausal group (n=1595) and 51-70-year-old women represented the postmenopausal group (n=7075) as defined by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. For comparison, men were divided into two categories: younger men (n=2233) aged 31- 50 years and older men (n=10908) aged 51-70 years. Survival rates were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method and compared by Z-test through SEER*Stat software version 7.0.9. The adenocarcinoma had a significant difference between premenopausal and postmenopausal groups (62% vs. 51%) respectively. Furthermore, the survival rate in premenopausal inferior to postmenopausal women in both SCC and BAC P<0.05. Premenopausal women more commonly underwent curative surgery, 42%, and 19% of postmenopausal women treated palliative. Additionally, for every stage of disease, 55% of postmenopausal women have radiotherapy. The results suggest varying estrogen effects between the histology sub-types of NSCLC and support clinical strategies need to block the ER pathway for the treatment of NSCLC.