bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of the placenta in the formation of gestational complications in women with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Orazmuradov Agamurad A. , Mukovnikova Ekaterina V. , Bekbaeva Irina V. , Orazmuradova Aylar A. , Suleymanova Zhasmin Zh.
Published: July 2024

Over the past decade, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome has increased significantly worldwide, and in most countries around the world this non-communicable disease has become a major health threat. Today, the mechanisms of metabolic syndrome influence on the development of various pregnancy complications are actively discussed. Studies of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the relationship between metabolic disorders and placental-associated pregnancy complications deserve special attention. The placenta performs essential functions throughout pregnancy and serves as a site for nutrient exchange and gas exchange between the pregnant woman and the fetus. Metabolic changes in women are closely associated with a number of placentally mediated obstetric complications, including preeclampsia, placental insufficiency, macrosomia, fetal growth restriction and antenatal fetal death. It is believed that it is in the first trimester of pregnancy that trophoblast cells are most sensitive to metabolic changes in homeostasis, which leads to their ischemia, impaired proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis. In pregnancies complicated by metabolic syndrome, the placenta is exposed to inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and altered hormone levels. Such metabolic changes can affect the development and function of the placenta, leading to abnormal fetal growth, as well as metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in children in the long term. Despite the wide range of pregnancy complications with metabolic syndrome, the mechanisms of their development have not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of this review was to summarize current knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of the influence of metabolic syndrome on the development and function of the placenta.
Clinical case of multivisceral en bloc resection for locally advanced cancer of the colon hepatic flexure
Authors: Egorov Vasiliy I. , Akhmetzyanov Foat Sh. , Kaulgud Harshal A. , Ruvinskiy David M.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND: Currently, 15–20% of colorectal cancer cases are diagnosed at the locally advanced T4b stage. Treatment of this category of patients causes significant difficulties due to the degree of prevalence and the presence of a complicated course of the disease itself.
AIM: Demonstration of a clinical case with an operation — multivisceral resection with pancreatoduodenal resection — for locally advanced cancer of the right half of the colon, as well as the oncological rationale for this operation.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This paper describes a case of treatment of a female patient with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the colon hepatic angle, complicated by toxic-anemic syndrome and symptoms of partial intestinal obstruction. She underwent en bloc multivisceral resection with pancreatoduodenal resection.
RESULTS: The patient was discharged on the 10th day after surgery in satisfactory condition, no complications were registered. Subsequently, adjuvant treatment was carried out: 5 courses of therapeutic polychemotherapy according to the XELOX regimen (capecitabine was received on an outpatient basis at a dose of 1500 mg 2 times a day, course 2 weeks). 12 months after surgery, progression of the disease in the form of metastases to the lungs was established, and 6 courses of bevacizumab therapy were administered. Currently the process has stabilized.
CONCLUSION: A clinical case demonstrates the possibility of R0 resection for locally advanced cancer of the colon hepatic flexure with ingrowth into the liver, pancreas, duodenum and achieving good long-term results.
Teaching methodology — what is its role in education and how to evaluate
Authors: Galieva E. V. , Evelina L. N.
Published: July 2024

The article describes the experience of conducting a demonstration exam for students of pedagogical universities on the example of two disciplines - methods of teaching mathematics and methods of teaching physics. The authors emphasize the importance of this form of examination to demonstrate to the student the possibility of solving practical problems as close as possible to the real conditions of future employment.
Comparison of nonparametric estimates of the survival functions
Authors: Abdushukurov A. A. , Bozorov S. B.
Published: July 2024

The article compares three types of estimates: exponential, multiplying and power structures for the survival function of three random censoring observations on the right. It was previously established that all these three estimates are equivalent with a growing sample size, i.e. three with the same centering and normalization converge to the same Gaussian process. For specific samples, it is shown that power estimates are defined on the entire line, in contrast to exponential and multiply estimates. Therefore, power estimates are better than the other two. Censored data is used in survival analyses, biomedical trials, and industrial experiments. There are several censoring schemes (right, left, both sides, combined with competing risks, and others). However, right-sided random censoring is common in the statistical literature because it is easy to describe from a methodological point of view. Here we also consider this type of censoring, to compare our results with others.
Estimation of parameters of autoregressive models with fractional differences in the presence of additive noise
Authors: Ivanov D. V.
Published: July 2024

For modeling in time series, models with fractional differences are widely used. The best known model is the ARFIMA (autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average) model. It is known that for integer-order autoregressive models, autoregressive models with additive noise can outperform ARMA and autoregressive models in terms of accuracy. This article considers a class of autoregressive models with fractional order differences. The article presents a new method for estimating parameters autoregressive models with fractional differences in the presence of additive noise with an unknown variance of additive noise. The propose algorithm was realized in Matlab. The simulation results show the high efficiency of the propose algorithm.
Modeling of kinematic characteristics of the line of sight of a mobile antenna of a spacecraft when it is pointed at an information reception point
Authors: Gorelov Yu. N. , Kurganskaya L. V.
Published: July 2024

Within the framework of the general problem of calculating the kinematic characteristics of the mobile antenna of the spacecraft, the problem of the kinematics of the complex movement of the line of sight "Sc — IRP" ("spacecraft — information reception point") is considered. The solution of this problem is given, with the help of which the relationship of kinematic characteristics in the absolute and relative movements of the line of sight "Sc — IRP" is established in the form of theorems on the addition of its angular velocities and accelerations.
Determination of Ungated Ogee Spillway Length so as to Pass Design Flood Safely
Authors: Haktanır Tefaruk
Published: July 2024

Because the flowrate over an ungated ogee spillway depends on the net head of the water conveyed in the approach channel and because the energy losses depend on the flowrate, computation of the spillway discharge for a given gross head of water in the reservoir entering the approach channel necessitates a trial-and-error scheme. For given information of (a) the elevations of the lake water surface and of the spillway apex, (b) the energy loss coefficient at the entrance, the side wall inclination, the length, and the roughness coefficient of the trapezoidal approach channel, an iterative method for computing the discharge over an ungated ogee spillway is presented. Next, for given information of (a) the (volume) ↔ (water surface elevation) relationship of the reservoir, (b) the spillway apex elevation, (c) the maximum allowed lake water surface elevation, and (d) the design flood hydrograph, an iterative method for computing both the length of the ungated ogee spillway and the outflow hydrograph simultaneously such that the maximum water surface elevation reached during routing of the design flood hydrograph becomes equal to the maximum allowed elevation is presented. Matching of the maximum water surface elevation reached in the reservoir while routing of the design flood hydrograph to the pre-specified maximum lake elevation requires a trial-and-error scheme of reservoir routing computations over many different-length spillways. The iterative method presented in this study which is executed in a single run of the coded computer program is a short-cut alternative to the long approach. The developed method is applied to Catalan Dam, which is one of the large dams in Türkiye from reservoir capacity, flood attenuation, and hydroelectricity production aspects, as a case study. The length of an ungated spillway is computed by the method presented here as an alternative to the existing radial-gated spillway, and the reservoir routing computations are done with the design flood hydrograph given in its final project by both the ungated and the gated spillways, and the maximum lake water surface elevations and the outflow hydrographs are found to be fairly close to each other.
Constitutional Proceedings in the System of Procedural Forms of Protection of Public Rights
Authors: Mikhaylova Ekaterina V. ,   Acting Head of the Department of Procedural Law of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: July 2024

The article examines the problem of “competition” of powers of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, courts of general jurisdiction and arbitration courts in the field of protection of public rights and interests. Constitutional proceedings are considered as an independent procedural form of protection, a means of administering justice. It is shown that cases of challenging normative legal acts are currently resolved both in constitutional proceedings and in the framework of administrative, civil and arbitration proceedings, there is no legal criterion for their differentiation, and any verification of a normative act ultimately raises the question of its constitutionality. It is proposed to concentrate all powers to consider these cases in the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation.
The Administrative Law Reconciliation of Current and Obligatory Business Requirements is Completed. Is It Time for the Judicial Guillotine? (The Administrative Law Aspect)
Authors: Lyannoy Gleb G. ,   Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Baikal State University
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the consideration of the issue of the presence of competition of judicial and legal positions in the activities of courts. This creates additional risks for business activities. In this regard, the question of the need for a reform called the “judicial guillotine” is being raised. Which, according to the author, will eliminate the existing counterflow, ensure the stability of civil turnover, and improve the investment attractiveness of the country.
Recycling of Waste Polymethyl-Methacrylate as an Optical Transparent Host
Authors: Aksoy Erkan
Published: July 2024

Reusing waste or otherwise discarded polymethyl methacrylate (wPMMA) as a host matrix for optical photonic applications such as down-conversion or luminescence solar concentrators can spare the use of pristine materials, with strong implications for sustainability. Here, a homogeneous emissive film was produced using wPMMA by dissolving in toluene and adding a fluorescent perylene dye (perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic hexyl ester, PTHE) followed by spin coating casting. This resulting film is optically transparent and green-emissive with a high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY of 84%). It has been investigated by various spectroscopic techniques such as absorption, photoluminescence, emission lifetime, and dye photostability. While this film exhibited some excimer PL at longer wavelengths compared to the solution phase, it also increased its emission lifetime by approximately 3 times. Moreover, while the CIE coordinates (x, y) of the blue-green PL in the solution phase was 0.21, 0.56, the PL spectrum of the wPMMA:PTHE film instead had (CIE, x, y) of 0.30, 0.60. Recycling these and similar suitable waste polymers and transforming them into value-added products such as down-conversion or luminescent solar concentrator films can contribute to sustainable development goals within the scope of clean energy, energy efficiency, and waste utilization.
An investigation into resilience strategies in the medical tourism supply chain
Authors: Mohammadipour Elham , Mazroui Nasrabadi Esmaeil
Published: July 2024

The present study has adopted a mixed method approach to investigate the risks occurring in the supply chain for Iranian medical tourism, and suggests resilience strategies for their prevention and improvements to the current situation. The participants were experts in the medical tourism supply chain chosen via purposive and snowball sampling. The results obtained via thematic analysis of interviews, as well as failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) and failure analysis after occurrence (FAAO) techniques, led to identifying 75 risks which were classified into five major categories: supply, demand, internal, external and supply chain management risks. Additionally, a literature review and interview results revealed several resilience strategies categorized as pre-risk coping or post-risk recovery strategies for tackling the risks. Furthermore, the resilience number of the medical tourism supply chain increased from 0.4 (pre-risk occurrence) to 0.5 (post-risk occurrence). Implications and suggestions for future research are presented.
Customer-perceived importance of restaurant attributes for casual dining, fast food and coffee shops
Authors: Wiastuti Rachel Dyah , Rashid Basri
Published: July 2024

The study aims to explore the restaurant attributes that fit specifically into three different types of food and beverage businesses: casual dining, fast food and coffee shops. The notion is based on customer-perceived importance proposed for a specific one-generation cohort. There were 519 respondents from Generation Z, gathered in mid-2023 using both printed and online questionnaires. Data were analyzed using factor analysis with SPSS. The restaurant attribute consisted of five types based on past literature, food, service, ambiance, experience and safety. However, the findings for the Gen Z context, resolved into only three types: casual dining, fast food and coffee shops, consisting of 30, 23 and 27 items respectively. To add, despite female Gen Z demanding more cleanliness than its male counterpart, both agree that quality of taste is the most important attribute for choosing a restaurant. The result of this study provides valuable information for restaurant businesses to better grasp Gen Z market’s dining habits. Restaurant operators will understand how customers evaluate the relevance of restaurant qualities differently.
Detection of Aflatoxin Content in Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) Simplicia at Karang Penang Market using PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) Method
Authors: Indriyani Nova , Rahman Alief Putriana , Humaidi Fauzan
Published: July 2024

Candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) was a food ingredient widely used as a cooking spice. Candlenuts that were stored for too long rotted more easily and grew fungi, especially Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus. These types of fungi could produce mycotoxin compounds which were dangerous when consumed by humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of aflatoxin content in candlenut (Aleurites moluccana) in the Karang Penang Sampang market. This research used total sampling. Candlenuts chosen as samples were all the candlenuts sold unwrapped by sellers in the Karang Penang market. This method used PDA media with the Pour Plate technique and an incubation time of 7 days. The results of the study showed 8 samples of candlenut with positive packaging containing the fungus Aspergillus niger with blackish-brown colonies and 1 sample of candlenut without positive packaging containing the fungus Aspergillus flavus with round yellowish-green colonies. In this study, it was concluded that the candlenuts circulating in the Karang Penang Sampang Market were positive for Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus.
Potential of Guava (Psidium guajava L.) as an Additional Therapy for Dengue Fever
Authors: Mahalaksmi Alika Sabrina , Salam Anisa Rakhmania , Rania Athaya Putri , Ekapratista Belinda Nabilah , Wardhana Brahma Wisnu Kusuma , Novian Farah Kusuma Wardhani , Laksmi Farika Dyani Laksmi , Najlaa Fatimah Ahla , Pradnyanantha I Putu Bagus , Hardiyanti Merry , Haliza Nabila Nur , Pramesti Ragil Putri , Amalia Savira Rizky Meisya , Kusumawati Idha , Widyowati Retno
Published: July 2024

Dengue fever has been a global health problem for over five decades, especially in tropical and subtropical countries. It is caused by a viral infection that spreads from mosquito to human. Natural sources have the potency to be an alternative to dengue fever therapy, such as guava (Psidium guajava L.). Its leaves contain several compounds and have several bioactivities. This research aims to explore the potency of guava as an additional therapy for dengue fever patients.  The method used a narrative literature review that searches literature in primary data such as national or international journals with the database PubMed or Scopus. The results reported that quercetin is one of the ingredients found in guava that affects dengue fever. It suppresses intracellular replication of dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) and inhibits ATPase in DENV-4. In addition, quercetin also stimulates stem cell factors in bone marrow stromal cells to produce thrombopoietin which functions to regulate platelet production in the spinal cord. So, guava has the potential and effectiveness to be used as an alternative therapy for dengue fever.
Apexification treatment on tooth with a history of trauma: A case report
Authors: Juniarti Devi Eka , Anandita Tiara , Tania Cindy Grace , Prasetyo Eric Priyo , Yuanita Tamara
Published: July 2024

Background: Traumatic dental injuries to the teeth may result in pulpal and periapical disease. Most dental traumas occur in the 7 -10-year-old age group with incomplete apical root development. Apexification is the procedure to close the apex using bioactive material to create an apical plug. MTA can be used as a material of choice to treat open apex.  Purpose: To perform an apexification of open apex with MTA apical plug. Case: A 30-year-old female patient with a chief complaint to fix her missing anterior filling and blackened tooth. The tooth had a history of trauma when the patient was 7 years old. One year ago, the tooth had intermittent pain so the tooth was treated and filled by another dentist. Case Management: Access opening is performed and apical gauging is determined. Then, working length was established. Debridement was done with H-file #80. Irrigation sequence with NaOCl 1,5% - Aquadest – EDTA 17% -aquadest. Ca(OH)2 dressing was given and temporary restoration was placed. On the second visit, temporary restoration was removed, followed by a root canal filled with MTA 3 mm from the apex using MAP carrier then confirmed with a radiograph. Conclusion: Trauma that occurs during tooth formation may cause an open apex that is treatable using an MTA plug.
Antimicrobial activity of calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and mineral trioxide aggregate paste against α-Hemolytic Streptococcus
Authors: Darmadi Eveline Yulia , Soesilo Diana
Published: July 2024

Background: The bacteria mostly found in the root canals are aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria, such as α-Hemolytic Streptococcus. Calcium hydroxide has alkaline characteristics with pH of 12.5, and antimicrobial properties. Calcium oxide is hydrophilic and has a smaller molecular weight than calcium hydroxide. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has alkaline properties, good biocompatibility, stimulates healing and inhibits bacterial growth. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of antimicrobial activity between calcium hydroxide, calcium oxide, and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), also to find which of these materials has the highest antimicrobial activity. Methods: The design of this study was a post-test only control group design. The study subjects were divided into 4 groups. K (-) was control group without any treatment, P1 was treated with calcium hydroxide, P2 was treated with calcium oxide, and P3 was treated with MTA. Each group consisted of 7 samples. The α-Hemolytic Streptococcus were spread on Mueller Hinton agar. Antimicrobial test was using diffusion method and diameter of inhibition zones were measured with caliper. Results: Average inhibitory zone of each sample was P1 (30.9643 mm ± 0,7431), P2 (35,2357 mm ± 0,7099), P3 (28,6 mm ± 1,5532). Tukey HSD test showed significances results between samples P1 and P2 (p=0,001), P1 and P3 (p=0,002), P2 and P3 (p=0,001). Conclusion: The highest antimicrobial activity against α-Hemolytic Streptococcus was calcium oxide followed by calcium hydroxide and MTA.
Aesthetic surgical crown lengthening on teeth 11 and 21
Authors: Saptaningrum Mardikaning Riasta , Wahjuningrum Dian  Agustin , Sampoerno Galih , Prasetyo Eric Priyo , Handoko Jessica Cristy , Chang Nicole Ava , Ismiyatin Kun
Published: July 2024

Background: In dental treatment planning, aesthetic considerations are crucial due to the relationship between a smile and facial beauty. Crown lengthening is a procedure used to achieve aesthetic smiles, particularly in cases of subgingival caries, fractures, and short clinical crowns. Purpose: The purpose of this case report is to achieve aesthetic improvement of the central incisors through crown lengthening procedures. Case: A 31-year-old female patient presented with a complaint of a broken upper left front tooth and easily bleeding gums. Clinical examination revealed Ellis class 1 fracture at the incisal-distal of tooth 21. The patient exhibited poor oral hygiene with visible calculus on upper and lower jaw teeth. There was gingival hyperplasia, redness, bleeding tendency, and the gingival margin height of teeth 11 and 21 appeared lower than teeth 12 and 22. Radiographically, the alveolar crest was distant from the CEJ. Case Management: Treatment plan included crown lengthening on teeth 11 and 21 with composite restoration on tooth 21. Crown lengthening, a surgical procedure designed to increase the extent of supragingival tooth structure for restorative or aesthetic purposes by repositioning the gingival margin apically was performed. This procedure is indicated for teeth with subgingival caries, extensive caries shortening the tooth, fractures, and short clinical crowns. Conclusion: Crown lengthening should consider the biological width to prevent bone resorption, gingival recession, inflammation, or hypertrophy. When performed under ideal clinical conditions, crown lengthening provides satisfactory outcomes both functionally and aesthetically.
PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT THROUGH PARTICIPATORY STRATEGIC PLANNING: CAYO LAS BRUJAS, CUBA
Authors: Gonzalez Herrera Manuel Ramon , Alvarez Hernandez Julian Alberto
Published: July 2024

Sustainability, participatory processes, and group training should be considered the basis of the strategic planning of tourist destinations. This study’s purpose is to understand the perspectives of interested stakeholders on the tourism development of Cayo Las Brujas (Cuba) and involve them in the participatory construction of strategic planning carried out by tourism entrepreneurs in correspondence with the development of a training consulting. The methodological design corresponds to a qualitative–quantitative, deductive, and multidisciplinary research of a diagnosticpropositional and applied approach. Empirical methods were implemented, including participant observation, case studies, group work, field trips, and modeling. Findings show the diagnosis and strategic projection towards the future horizons of Cayo Las Brujas based on the perceptions and proposals of the different trained stakeholders regarding the sustainable planning of the tourist destination. The originality of the research is related to the high training and practical value of the research experience developed for the first time for this destination through training consulting, which made it possible for tourism workers to construct knowledge in a participatory manner to develop and validate the strategic plan for the sustainable development.
SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM IN NORTHERN THAILAND
Authors: Balen Matej , Pathan Athitaya , Junkrachang Piyanart
Published: July 2024

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the dynamics of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) in Northern Thailand, examining its impact on sustainable development within the region. Methodology – Through a qualitative design, this study utilizes an interpretative approach to analyze the principal factors that shape the evolution of CBT from the perspectives of various stakeholders—local communities, government agencies, tourists, industry professionals, and academic experts. Conducted from January to November 2023, the methodology comprises in-depth interviews across the provinces of Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai, utilizing a set of 20-30 open-ended questions categorized into 15 key areas such as economic impacts, environmental sustainability, social dynamics, and cultural preservation. Findings – The findings reveal that CBT serves as an additional economic stream complementing traditional agriculture, engages communities in preserving their cultural heritage, and emphasizes environmental conservation. However, it also faces challenges such as financial difficulties, lack of awareness, and conflicts within communities. Notably, the research identifies the significant role of social capital and local leadership in empowering communities to manage CBT initiatives effectively. Originality of the research – This study’s originality lies in its comprehensive examination of CBT’s role in fostering sustainable development in a unique socio-cultural and ecological setting, providing valuable insights for other regions implementing similar sustainable tourism models.
A BIBLIOMETRIC EXAMINATION OF DOMESTIC TOURISM LITERATURE: UNVEILING RESEARCH PATTERNS AND TRENDS
Authors: Dragičević Daniel
Published: July 2024

Purpose – This study aims to analyse the current state of domestic tourism research through a bibliometric analysis. Design – A bibliometric approach is employed to evaluate the landscape of domestic tourism research published between 1990 and February 2024 using the Web of Science (WoS) database as the primary source. Methodology – The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 framework guided the overall method selection process. Boolean search strings were used to retrieve relevant articles on domestic tourism and related topics in titles, abstracts, or author keywords. Bibliometric software VOSviewer was utilized to analyse and visualize keyword co-occurrence and thematic clusters. Approach – The analysis focused on identifying current trends, influential contributors, prominent thematic clusters, and future research directions. Findings – The research has identified a consistent increase in publications on domestic tourism since 1990, with a significant surge following the COVID-19 pandemic. Thematic clusters have emerged around the analysis of domestic tourism demand, tourist decision-making and behaviour, tourist experience and satisfaction, and lastly, tourist behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper’s results suggest potential research avenues, including changing travel behaviour during pandemics, examining risk perception and travel decisions, using domestic tourism as a crisis relief strategy, and adapting marketing strategies during crises. Originality of the research – The study is original in its comprehensive overview of the domestic tourism research landscape, identifying trends, influential contributors, thematic areas, and promising future research directions. This text provides insights for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals interested in domestic tourism.
TALENT MANAGEMENT IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION AND CHANGES IN THE WORKFORCE CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Gričnik Ana Marija , Šarotar Žižek Simona , Zolak Poljašević Branka , Črnjar Kristina
Published: July 2024

In contemporary business environment many organizations are faced with HRM challenges, including the problem of attracting and retaining talented individuals. Some of the more significant reasons of this issue are related to the liberalization of the labour market in global frameworks and changes in the characteristics of the workforce. The upcoming generation of professionals has a different attitude towards work. They want greater autonomy, flexibility, the possibility of career advancement and identification with the company’s values and culture. For young professionals, technology is an integral part of their lives. Main purpose of this paper is to explore whether modern achievements such as artificial intelligence and electronic human resource management can help organizations to overcome problems of attracting and retaining of new age talent. This is conceptual paper based on systematic exploration of literature in three subjects, which are talent management, digitalization of HRM and changing workforce. Research results indicate that digitalisation of HRM has potential to change primary model of recruiting and retaining talented young professionals. Also, results show which digital tools can improve and adapt process of attracting and retaining the new generation of talents. This paper integrates research from three fields and gives specific contribution to the human resource management literature.
Non-chiral one-dimensional states inside AB/BA domain walls in bilayer graphene
Authors: Moulsdale Christian , Enaldiev Vladimir V. , Geim Andre K. , Fal’ko Vladimir I.
Published: July 2024

Boundaries between structural twins of bilayer graphene (so-called AB/BA domain walls (DWs)) are often discussed regarding the formation of topologically protected valley-polarized chiral states. Here, we show that, depending on the width of the AB/BA boundary, the latter can also support non-chiral one-dimensional (1D) states that are confined to the DW at low energies and take the form of quasi-bound states at higher energies, where the 1D bands cross into the two-dimensional spectral continuum. We present the results of modeling of the electronic properties of AB/BA DWs with and without magnetic field as a function of their width and interlayer bias.
Student anxiety in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Zulfiqarova Ulviyya , Dresp-Langley Birgitta
Published: July 2024

Meta-analyses of the pertaining literature have shown that generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in youth particularly students is a prevalent syndrome in mental health issues identified in 2022, in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, by the World Health Organization and other national organizations such as Santé Publique France. This study, performed between 2022 and 2023, offers a pinhole view of student anxiety in the post-COVID-19 context at a French University. A sample population of 80 undergraduate medical students within the age range from 18 to 24 years was tested for GAD in a survey using an online version of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A). The total test scores indicate a prevalence of severe to very severe GAD in 36% of the sample population, which is consistent with results from studies on larger student populations in other countries. Further statistical analyses reveal a significantly higher number of psychological symptoms by comparison with somatic symptoms of GAD. The reasons why, under the light of the findings placed in the current societal context, student anxiety needs to be addressed in terms of a larger societal problem beyond the immediate consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic are discussed.
Rectifying and stabilizing Planet SkySat video collects for bathymetric inversions from space
Authors: Anderson Dylan , Painter Crystal , O’Dea Annika , Hesser Tyler , Brodie Katherine
Published: July 2024

This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) presents the development of a workflow to process Planet SkySat videos collected from space at the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory (CHL), Field Research Facility (FRF), in Duck, North Carolina, to derive wave kinematics and perform bathymetric inversions. The document summarizes the nine 30–60 s* satellite video collections, demonstrates the accuracy of an automated rectification and stabilization workflow, and applies a new short-dwell version of a common inversion algorithm (cBathy) to demonstrate the utility of short-dwell videos from space providing an initial out-of-the-box assessment of errors for one of the collections, and recommends future avenues of research for improving bathymetric predictions.
Survey and seasonal abundance of major insect pests in the maize fields of Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Akhtar Naveed , Tahir Hafiz Muhammad , Azizullah Azizullah , Ali Aamir , Fajar Rabia , Muzamil Ayesha , Fathy Reham , Mohamed Hend O. , Abbas Dilawar
Published: July 2024

Major gaps exist regarding the biodiversity and population ecology of insect pests in maize crop in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to survey the species composition, relative abundance, and population dynamics of arthropod insect pests in maize crop in Punjab, Pakistan. A two-year (2018–2019) survey of insect pests’ species biodiversity in field maize crops was carried out in two districts (Kasur and Lahore). A total of 49 pest species belonging to 45 genera, 27 families, and 6 orders were recorded in this study. Noctuidae dominated over the other pest families, constituting 49.17% of the total pests catch. Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) was found to be the most dominant species, constituting 18.51% of the sampled individuals. Moreover, the estimated pest species richness from both districts was 94%. While, the diversity indices (Shannon-Weiner and Simpson) revealed non-significant differences in arthropod pest communities at six selected sites. Using the Menhinick and Margalef indices suggested higher species richness in the Lahore district. Overall, the pests population densities were consistently fluctuated throughout both cropping seasons; peaking in April-May and reaching the lowest levels in June-July. Spearman's rank correlation analysis indicated a negative association between insect abundance and temperature while, non-significant correlation was found with humidity in both districts. These findings can help to develop sustainable pests’ control strategies, with implications both at local and global scale in maize growing areas.
Oral compound ossotide prevents bone destruction in retinoic acid-induced mice osteoporosis model
Authors: Li Jianheng , Yang Ying , Lin Mali , Sun Mengfan , Gao Chang , Wen Shiyin , Xu Feng , Guo Jianshuang , Zhang Guo-Qiang
Published: July 2024

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by the reduction of bone mineral density (BMD). In clinic, reversing the decreasing of BMD is the main therapeutic strategy of OP, including estrogen, bisphosphonates, calcium supplements, flavonoids, Vitamin D and anabolic steroids, however, serious side effects limit their application. Herein, the compound ossotide, derived from porcine bone and scorpions, can significantly enhance the BMD via oral administration in retinoic acid-induced mice osteoporosis model and down-regulate the expression of serum calcium, phosphorus, BALP, TRAP and OCN, up-regulate the serum TGF-β expression. The mechanism studies showed that compound ossotide could promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts by up-regulating Runx2 and OPG/RANKL expression ratio. Besides, compound ossotide can inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation and the transcriptional activation of NFATc1. The results indicate that compound ossotide can be used as an efficient candidate for OP treatment via oral administration.
Phenolic and Cellulose-Rich Fractions from Subcritical Water Treated Beer Bagasse
Authors: Gomez-Contreras Paula , Obando Catalina , Freitas Pedro , Martin-Perez Laia , Chiralt Amparo , Gonzalez-Martinez Chelo
Published: July 2024

Of the three types of waste generated in beer processing, beer grain spent (BGS) or beer bagasse is the most abundant and has a high potential for valorisation. In this work, defatted BGS was subjected to an extraction process with subcritical water (SWE) at different temperatures (110, 130, 150 and 170° C) to obtain extracts rich in phenols and the cellulosic fractions. Furthermore, the obtained cellulose fractions were also purified by means of a greener methodology using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The results showed that the extraction conditions affected the composition and properties of the fractions. The dry extracts obtained at 170°C were richer in phenolics (24 mg GAE. g− 1 defatted beer bagasse (DB), but with lower antioxidant capacity (71 mg DB.mg− 1 DPPH). This extract (E-170) also showed the highest antibacterial potential (lower MIC values) against L. innocua (80 mg·mL− 1) and E. coli (140 mg·mL− 1) than those obtained at lower temperatures. The purification of cellulose from the SWE residues, using hydrogen peroxide revealed that DB is not a good source of cellulose material since the bleached fractions showed low yields (20–25%) and low cellulose purity (42–67%), even after four bleaching cycles (1 h) at pH 12 and 8% H2O2. Despite this, the subcritical water extraction method highlights the potential of a simple processes as technological option to convert underutilized side streams like beer bagasse into added-value, potential ingredients for innovative food and pharmaceutical applications.
The effect of fingomolid (FTY720) protecting the retina of rats from light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD)
Authors: Zhang Qian , Chen Hui , Zhao Menghan , Zhang Xingshang
Published: July 2024

Object: Fingomolid (FTY720), an immunosuppressive agent, was found to protect the retina against light stress in our previous study. In this study, we investigate whether FTY720 has a protective effect on retinal degeneration and whether immune response is involved in photoreceptor apoptosis in light-induced retinal degeneration (LIRD) in rats.
Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats raised in cyclic dim light were exposed to 2700 lux white light for 6 hours to build LIRD animal models. FTY720 (10.0 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally to rats 0.5 h before light exposure. Histology and F-ERGs analysis were used to evaluate the structure and function of retina, respectively. The apoptosis of retinal cells was detected by TUNEL assay. The immune T cells on light-damaged retina were measured by immunofluorescence analysis, and the expression of immune proteins was examined by western blot.
Results: After light exposure, significant reductions in ERGs response were observed in vehicle-treated (VLD) group, whereas there was no significant difference between FTY720-treated (FTY-LD) group and normal group. A slight thinning was observed in FTY-LD group, which was not reflected in the full field ERG responses. Pretreatment with FTY720 inhibited light-induced photoreceptor apoptosis and protected retinal structure and function against light damage. CD3+ and CD8+ T molecules were increased in the VLD group, but did not occur on the whole retina in rats treated with FTY720. The expression of CD3+ and CD8+ proteins were up-regulated by light exposure and suppressed by FTY720 pretreatment. Light stress activated the microglial cells, and FTY720 could suppress the activation.
Conclusion: FTY720 could inhibit apoptosis and suppress CD3+ and CD8+ T cells and microglial activation in light-damaged retina in rats, showing an obvious protective effect on photoreceptors. These results help to better understand the pathogenesis of LIRD, and FTY720 may provide therapeutic benefit for retinal diseases.
Assessing the Index of Consciousness (IoC) as a Monitoring Tool for Sedative Effects of Ciprofol in General Anesthesia Induction
Authors: Yu Yanhong , Wang Hao , Wei Liguo , Gao YiFan , Yan Nuo , Chu Jing , Li Hong
Published: July 2024

Objective
To assess the accuracy of the index of consciousness (IoC) in sedative effects of ciprofol during the induction of general anesthesia. Methods: 136 patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia were selected. IoC1, IoC2 and index (BIS) values were recorded at eight distinct time points (T1 to T8) during the induction of general anesthesia. Bland-Altman analysis was conducted to assess the agreement between the IoC1 and BIS, including the calculation of mean differences and 95% limits of agreement (LOA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to evaluate the predictive accuracy of IoC1 for loss consciousness. Results: The mean difference during T1 to T8 in BIS and IoC1 values between the two measurement methods was − 0.4308 (95% LOA − 19.47 to 18.61). There was no significant difference between IoC1 and BIS (p = 0.6664). The area under the curve (AUC) for IoC1 and BIS in predicting the loss of consciousness were 0.9821(95% CI 0.9741 to 0.9900) and 0.9855 (95% CI 0.9789 to 0.9922) respectively. The optimal threshold values were 91.5 (sensitivity 94.6%, specificity 96.0%) and 82.5 (sensitivity 99.2%, specificity 93.7%). Conclusion: IoC1 demonstrate a high consistency with BIS in assessing the sedative effects of ciprofol for general anesthesia induction. IoC is effective on monitoring sedative effects of ciprofol when consciousness disappears. IoC is an effective monitoring tool for sedative effects of ciprofol-induced general anesthesia.
Economic impact of climate change among smallholder livestock farmers surrounding Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda
Authors: Nagasha Judith Irene , OCAIDO Michael
Published: July 2024

A survey was done among smallholder farmers in Kiruhura and Isingiro districts around Lake Mburo National park, Uganda. Their mean household (H/h) size was 5.4±0.2 persons, with average land size of 40.6±0.5 and 3±0.4 acres in Kiruhura and Isingiro respectively. Kiruhura had more land for livestock keeping (82.1%) and Isingiro had more land for crop growing (58.9%). They kept 34.3±8.1 and 2.9±0.5 of cattle and goats 14.5±2.4 and 3.5±0.4 per H/h in Kiruhura and Isingiro respectively. In Kiruhura, during drought periods cattle herd sale off-take increased 2.3 times, the crude mortality rate increased 1.73 times and prices dropped by 46.8%. While for goats, off-take increased 1.3 times, crude mortality rate decreased by 47.2% and sale prices increased 2.1 times. In Kiruhura and Isingiro, the Total Gross Output from Agricultural Enterprises (TGOAE) per H/h was USD 17,382,3 and USD 1,722.8 respectively, of which 83.8% was from cattle milk output in Kiruhura and 67.6% was from crop output in Isingiro. In Kiruhura and Isingiro the economic cost (EC) due to drought per H/h was USD 10, 202.7 and USD 1,001.8 respectively which was 58.7% and 58.1% of TGOAE respectively. In Kiruhura, 83.5% of EC losses was caused by milk losses and 96% by crop losses in Isingiro. The frequency and amount of milk and food consumed per day by children and adults in Kiruhura and Isingiro districts were drastically reduced during drought periods. Through participatory approach, the climate change adaptation and mitigation measures should urgently be developed and adopted.
Bayesian Moment Tensor Analysis of The 2012 Mw 6.3 Palu Earthquake Sequence for Updating The Palu-Saluki Segments and Its Impact on Coulomb Stress Distribution
Authors: Habibana Mohammad Yusril Iqbal , Sahara David P. , Kusumawati Dian , Puspito Nanang T. , Nugraha Andri D. , Prayitno Bambang S. , Daryono Daryono , Heryandoko Nova , Rohadi Supriyanto
Published: July 2024

The Palu-Koro fault, part of the Central Sulawesi fault system, has produced many large earthquakes (Mw > 6). Palu earthquake on 18 August 2012 (Mw 6.3) which occurred close to the largest earthquake ever recorded in Central Sulawesi, the Donggala earthquake on 28 September 2018 (Mw 7.5), also caused notable damage around Palu, the capital of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. We infer 16 earthquake events of magnitudes ranging from Mw 3.9 to 6.3, which occurred between 18 August and 31 December 2012 by applying Bayesian moment tensors inversion and get criteria A and B, using catalogue and waveform data from Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) regional stations. Our results show that the 2012 earthquake sequence showed a left-lateral strike-slip mechanism, with the mainshock located west of Lake Lindu. Many aftershocks were distributed near the northern end of the Saluki segment of the Palu-Koro Fault. The inferred solution has strike of North-Northwest to South-Southeast and a dip angle of about 82.5°, updating vertical fault from National Earthquake Center (PusGeN). After Calculating the change in Coulomb stress on the fault using a new geometry based on the moment tensor solution, we find that the model shows larger stress changes, up to 5 bars, with a wider impact area compared to vertical fault. Hence, updating the geometry of the Palu-Saluki Segment is important in constructing seismic hazard analyses in the region.
Analyzing Spatio-Temporal Water Quality Dynamics for the River Thames using Superstatistical Methods and Machine Learning
Authors: He Hankun , Boehringer Takuya , Schäfer Benjamin , Heppell Kate , Beck Christian
Published: July 2024

By employing superstatistical methods and machine learning we analyse measured time series of water quality indicators of the River Thames. Particular emphasis is on the dynamics of dissolved oxygen. The probability density functions (PDFs) of dissolved oxygen, with trend substracted, exhibit heavy tails that are well-fitted by q-Gaussian distributions. We investigate how the entropic index q depends on the distance to the sea. Regression analysis reveals feature importances for oxygen concentration predictions, with temperature, pH, and time of the year playing a major role. We also forecast oxygen concentrations through the application of a state-of-the-art machine learning model, the Transformer. Within this context, the Informer model exhibits superior performance. The effectiveness of the Informer model is attributed to the self-attention mechanism, which emphasizes the half-life cycle of dissolved oxygen and its temporal dynamics during periods from morning to early afternoon and from late evening to early morning. Our research can help to inform policymakers in ecological health assessments, assisting in river water quality forecasting and helping to maintain healthy aquatic ecosystems.
Statistical Analysis and Habitat Suitability of Sarus Birds in Uttar Pradesh using GIS Based Species Distribution Model
Authors: Chandra Sushil , khare Aniket , yadav Mahi
Published: July 2024

Researchers now have greater access to data regarding the habits and adaptations of migrating birds because of technological advancements. The pace of technological growth, in terms of both data collection and its ability to support conservation efforts, is incredible. However, it is still uncertain whether birds will be able to evolve speedily enough to withstand the environmental changes. It is reported that birds are sensitive to magnetic radiation, which is continuously increasing day by day. The objective of this research is to identify the habitats of the sarus crane which are under threat from human encroachment and efforts to preserve them, which is categorized as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List, and also calculate the habitat preferences index indicating habitat utilization. Habitat Suitability map and its ROC curve is prepared using MAXENT model.