bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Age-related iron accumulation and demyelination in the basal ganglia are closely related to verbal memory and executive functioning
Authors: Biel Davina , Steiger Tineke K. , Bunzeck Nico
Published: May 2021

Age-related cognitive decline has been linked to alterations of the dopaminergic system and its subcortical trajectories. Recent work suggests a critical role of iron accumulation within the basal ganglia (BG) in verbal memory performance, and increased iron levels have been related to demyelination. However, the specificity of age-related iron increases with respect to cognitive functions remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the interplay of age, cognitive performance, and structural integrity of the BG. In total, 79 healthy older participants underwent a broad cognitive assessment (fluid and crystallized intelligence, verbal and numeric memory, processing speed, executive functions) and structural MRI. As expected, performance in most cognitive tests had a negative relationship with age. Moreover, BG grey matter volume and magnetization transfer (MT, indicative of myelin) decreased, and R2* (indicative of iron) increased with age. Importantly, R2* and demyelination negatively correlated with verbal memory and executive functions. Within the SN/VTA, age correlated negatively with MT, but there was no clear evidence in favor of a relationship between behavior and R2* or MT. Our results suggest that age-related increases in iron and demyelination within the BG, which are part of a fronto-striatal network, not only impact on verbal memory but also executive functions.
Simulation of gas transport in a landfill with layered new and old municipal solid waste
Authors: Zhang Tao , Shi Jianyong , Wu Xun , Lin Hai , Li Xiulei
Published: May 2021

Average biodegradation rate of newly filled municipal solid waste (MSW) in landfills is relatively fast, and the landfill gas produced by the new MSW biodegradation can cause great variations in gas pressure. To predict the gas pressure distribution in the MSW layer, a one-dimensional gas transport model is established in this study. The following factors are considered in this model: (1) the variation of gas permeability with depth; (2) the anisotropy ratio of gas permeability; (3) the settlement caused by waste biodegradation. Furthermore, a single peak model for gas production is applied as the source term of gas production. The equation for settlement caused by waste biodegradation is presented, and the time of peak gas production rate is obtained by fitting the settlement of the newly filled layer. The stratification of the unsaturated and saturated regions is taken into account by distinguishing the difference in gas saturation. The layering of the new and old waste layers is considered by distinguishing the difference in the length of time that waste has been degraded to produce gas. Based on the method of numerical calculation, the gas pressure distribution in the landfill with layered new and old MSW is well simulated. The position where the maximum gas pressure occurs is found. The sensitivity analysis shows that the influence of the anisotropy ratio on gas pressure distribution is more significant.
Broad individual immersion-scattering of respiratory compliance likely substantiates dissimilar breathing mechanics
Authors: Castagna Olivier , Michoud Guillaume , Prevautel Thibaut , Delafargue Antoine , Schmid Bruno , Similowski Thomas , Regnard Jacques
Published: May 2021

Head-out water immersion alters respiratory compliance which underpins defining pressure at a “Lung centroid” and the breathing “Static Lung Load”. In diving medicine as in designing dive-breathing devices a single value of lung centroid pressure is presumed as everyone’s standard. On the contrary, we considered that immersed respiratory compliance is disparate among a homogenous adult group (young, healthy, sporty). We wanted to substantiate this ample scattering for two reasons: (i) it may question the European standard used in designing dive-breathing devices; (ii) it may contribute to understand the diverse individual figures of immersed work of breathing. Resting spirometric measurements of lung volumes and the pressure–volume curve of the respiratory system were assessed for 18 subjects in two body positions (upright Up, and supine Sup). Measurements were taken in air (Air) and with subjects immersed up to the sternal notch (Imm). Compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) was calculated from pressure–volume curves for each condition. A median 60.45% reduction in Crs was recorded between Up-Air and Up-Imm (1.68 vs 0.66 L/kPa), with individual reductions ranging from 16.8 to 82.7%. We hypothesize that the previously disregarded scattering of immersion-reduced respiratory compliance might participate to substantial differences in immersed work of breathing.
Expression patterns of major genes in fatty acid synthesis, inflammation, oxidative stress pathways from colostrum to milk in Damascus goats
Authors: Yakan Akın , Özkan Hüseyin , Çamdeviren Baran , Kaya Ufuk , Karaaslan İrem , Dalkiran Sevda
Published: May 2021

The molecular regulation of milk secretion and quality in the transition period from colostrum to milk in goats is largely unknown. In the present study, mammary gland secretion of goats was collected in 0th, 4th, 7th, 14th and 28th days after parturition. In addition to composition and fatty acid profile of colostrum or milk,FASN,SCD,ACACA,COX-2,NRF2,TLR2,NF-kB,LTFandPTX3genes expression patterns were determined from milk somatic cells. While somatic cell count (SCC), malondialdehyde (MDA), fat, fat-free dry matter, protein and lactose were highest as expression levels of the oxidative and inflammatory genes, freezing point and electrical conductivity were lowest in colostrum. With the continuation of lactation, most of the fatty acids, n3 ratio, and odour index increased but C14:0 and C16:0 decreased. WhileFASNwas upregulated almost threefolds in 14th day,ACACAwas upregulated more than fivefolds in 7th and 14th days. Separately, the major genes in fatty acid synthesis, inflammation and oxidative stress were significantly associated with each other due to being positively correlated. MDA was positively correlated with SCC and some of the genes related inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, significant negative correlations were determined between SCC and fatty acid synthesis related genes. With this study, transition period of mammary secretion was particularly clarified at the molecular levels in Damascus goats.
Adaptation to chronic drought modifies soil microbial community responses to phytohormones
Authors: Sayer Emma J. , Crawford John A. , Edgerley James , Askew Andrew P. , Hahn Christoph Z. , Whitlock Raj , Dodd Ian C.
Published: May 2021

Drought imposes stress on plants and associated soil microbes, inducing coordinated adaptive responses, which can involve plant–soil signalling via phytohormones. However, we know little about how microbial communities respond to phytohormones, or how these responses are shaped by chronic (long-term) drought. Here, we added three phytohormones (abscisic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, and jasmonic acid) to soils from long-term (25-year), field-based climate treatments to test the hypothesis that chronic drought alters soil microbial community responses to plant stress signalling. Phytohormone addition increased soil respiration, but this effect was stronger in irrigated than in droughted soils and increased soil respiration at low phytohormone concentrations could not be explained by their use as substrate. Thus, we show that drought adaptation within soil microbial communities modifies their responses to phytohormone inputs. Furthermore, distinct phytohormone-induced shifts in microbial functional groups in droughted vs. irrigated soils might suggest that drought-adapted soil microorganisms perceive phytohormones as stress-signals, allowing them to anticipate impending drought.
High temperature-functioning ceramic-based ionic liquid electrolyte engraved planar HAp/PVP/MnO2@MnCO3 supercapacitors on carbon cloth
Authors: Selvam Samayanan , Yim Jin-Heong
Published: May 2021

In this study, we prepared ceramic-based hydroxyapatite (HAp)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/MnO2@MnCO3 composites for high temperature-operable electrolyte-engraved planar supercapacitors.
Ultramicroporous polyimides with hierarchical morphology for carbon dioxide separation
Authors: Breunig Marion , Dorner Melanie , Senker Jürgen
Published: May 2021

Two polyimides with hierarchical porosity were prepared by adjusting the composition of an m-cresol/toluene solvent mixture. The large proportion of ultramicropores led to exceptional selectivity for separating CO2 from CH4.
COF membranes with uniform and exchangeable facilitated transport carriers for efficient carbon capture
Authors: Yang Leixin , Yang Hao , Wu Hong , Zhang Leilang , Ma Hanze , Liu Yutao , Wu Yingzhen , Ren Yanxiong , Wu Xingyu , Jiang Zhongyi
Published: May 2021

Ultrathin and defect-free COF membranes with uniform and exchangeable facilitated transport carriers were fabricated for efficient carbon capture.
Self-rotating stir mesh screen sorptive extraction for analyzing chlorpyrifos by ion mobility spectrometry
Authors: Kermani Mansoure , Jafari Mohammad T. , Saraji Mohammad
Published: May 2021

A mesh screen was electrochemically coated with polypyrrole and used as a sorptive extractor device. This configuration with the self-rotating in the presence of a magnetic force would be used for extraction and pre-concentration of analytes.
Energy transfer facilitated near infrared fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy of tumors
Authors: Wang Yanjing , Sun Xiujuan , Chang Yun , Zhang Haiyuan
Published: May 2021

Near infrared (NIR) light activated fluorescence imaging and photodynamic therapy hold great potential for tumor treatment in deep tissues.
Synthesis, characterization and utility of a series of novel copper(ii) complexes as excellent surface disinfectants against nosocomial infections
Authors: Richa  , Kushwaha Namrata , Negi Sheetal , Kumar Ajay , Zangrando Ennio , Kataria Ramesh , Saini Vikram
Published: May 2021

Nosocomial infections are among the major public health concerns, and novel disinfection approaches are needed to minimize these infections, especially during the ongoing Covid19 pandemic.
A photoluminescent Au(i)/Ag(i)/PNN coordination complex for relatively rapid and reversible alcohol sensing
Authors: Tao Yanhui , Wang Yuwei , Hu Shengnan , Young David James , Lu Chengrong , Li Hong-Xi , Ren Zhi-Gang
Published: May 2021

A Au/Ag/PNN complex exhibits visible, relatively rapid and recyclable PL on/off switching when exposed to low molecular weight alcohols and H2O/N2, respectively.
Tetrairon(ii) extended metal atom chains as single-molecule magnets
Authors: Nicolini Alessio , Affronte Marco , SantaLucia Daniel J. , Borsari Marco , Cahier Benjamin , Caleffi Matteo , Ranieri Antonio , Berry John F. , Cornia Andrea
Published: May 2021

The iron(ii)-based extended metal atom chains [Fe4(tpda)3X2] (X = Cl, Br) have a weakly magnetic ground state but display SMM properties, which are detectable even in zero DC field when X = Br.
Red and yellow emissive carbon dots integrated tandem luminescent solar concentrators with significantly improved efficiency
Authors: Li Jiurong , Zhao Haiguang , Zhao Xiujian , Gong Xiao
Published: May 2021

Tandem-structured luminescent solar concentrators based on red and yellow highly emissive carbon dots with a power conversion efficiency of 3.8% are fabricated.
Multivariate covalent organic frameworks boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Zhou Ting , Huang Xingye , Mi Zhen , Zhu Yunyang , Wang Rong , Wang Changchun , Guo Jia
Published: May 2021

High-quality multivariate COFs were synthesized with an aminocatalytic solvothermal method. They can achieve higher photocatalytic H2 evolution rates than the parent homo-COFs by adjusting the benzothiadiazole-containing components.
A boranil-based conjugated microporous polymer for efficient visible-light-driven heterogeneous photocatalysis
Authors: Gong Weitao , Deng Xiaorong , Dong Kaixun , Liu Lu , Ning Guiling
Published: May 2021

A new boranil-dye-incorporated conjugated microporous polymer was designed and employed as an effective heterogeneous photocatalyst for aerobic oxidation of sulfides and primary amines.
Fluid mechanics and rheology of the jumping spider body fluid
Authors: Göttler Chantal , Amador Guillermo , van de Kamp Thomas , Zuber Marcus , Böhler Lisa , Siegwart Roland , Sitti Metin
Published: May 2021

We studied the flow and physical properties of the hydraulic body fluid of spiders. Our results suggest that this fluid, which drives leg extension, is shear-thinning. This interesting characteristic could inspire hydraulic systems for soft-robotics.
Continuous spinning aligned liquid crystal elastomer fibers with a 3D printer setup
Authors: Lin Xueyan , Saed Mohand O. , Terentjev Eugene M.
Published: May 2021

Fibrous liquid crystalline elastomers (LCE) are an attractive variant of LCE-based actuators due to their small thickness, leading to faster response times to stimuli, as well as the increased mechanical strength.
LaMoBO6:Tb3+,Eu3+/Sm3+,Bi3+ yellow phosphors with exceptionally high quantum yields that can be excited by blue light
Authors: Yang Shuai , Jiang Bin , Wu Jiahao , Duan Chungang , Shan Yongkui , Zhao Qingbiao
Published: May 2021

LEDs are currently dominant in the lighting industry.
Fast and high photoresponsivity gallium telluride/hafnium selenide van der Waals heterostructure photodiode
Authors: Afzal Amir Muhammad , Mumtaz Shoail , Iqbal Muhammad Zahir , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Manzoor Alina , Dastgeer Ghulam , Iqbal M. Javaid , Javed Yasir , Khan Rajwali , Shad Naveed Akhtar , Sajid M. Munir , Zahid Tausif
Published: May 2021

A novel and unique GaTe/HfSe2 vdW heterostructure photodiode shows a high photoresponsivity of with an extraordinary external quantum efficiency of 54%.
MoS2 nanosheets chemically modified with metal phthalocyanine via mussel-inspired chemistry for multifunctional memristive devices
Authors: Yan Qing , Fan Fei , Sun Chen , El-Khouly Mohamed E. , Liu Hongfei , Zheng Yunlong , Zhang Bin , Liu Gang , Chen Yu
Published: May 2021

The MoS2 nanosheets covalently modified with metal phthalocyanines based memristive devices integrate multi-functions of nonvolatile rewritable memory and biomimicking memristor.
Evolving Science to Inform Emerging Concussion Practices
Authors: Chesnutt James C.
Published: May 2021

Purpose

This article describes two concussion models built on the current state of science that help illustrate the complicated interactions among the multiple factors that drive concussion symptoms. Consideration of these models remind practitioners, including speech-language pathologists, to attend to factors that increase the risk of patients developing prolonged symptoms, as well as attend to symptoms that result from various interactions and may differentially respond to specific treatments. In particular, the models encourage personalized or precision medicine and the implementation of targeted, coordinated therapies.
The Cultural and Diagnostic Appropriateness of Standardized Assessments for Dual Language Learners: A Focus on Jamaican Preschoolers
Authors: Karem Rachel Wright , Washington Karla N.
Published: May 2021

Purpose

The aim of this study was to investigate the appropriateness of standardized assessments of expressive grammar and vocabulary in a sample of preschool-age dual language learners (DLLs) who use Jamaican Creole (JC) and English. Adult models from the same linguistic community as these children were used to inform culturally and linguistically appropriate interpretation of children's responses to a standardized assessment.

Method

JC-English–speaking preschoolers (n= 176) and adults (n= 33) completed the Word Structure and Expressive Vocabulary subtests of the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals Preschool–Second Edition. Adults' responses were used to develop an adapted scoring procedure that considered the influence of JC linguistic features on responses. DLLs' responses scored using the standard English and adapted JC procedures were compared.

Results

JC–English DLLs and adults used similar linguistic structures in response to subtest questions. DLLs' scores differed significantly from the standardized sample on both subtests. Preschoolers received higher raw and corresponding standard scores with adapted scoring compared to standard scoring. Adapted scoring that made use of adult models yielded high classification accuracy at a rate of 93.8% for Word Structure and 92.1% for Expressive Vocabulary.

Conclusions

Adapting standardized assessment scoring procedures using adult models may offer an ecologically valid approach to working with DLL preschoolers that can support a more accurate assessment of language functioning. These findings suggest that the use of standardized assessments for bilingual JC–English speakers requires a culturally responsive approach.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14403026
Constraining the AGN duty cycle in the cool-core cluster MS 0735.6+7421 with LOFAR data
Authors: Biava Nadia , Brienza Marisa , Bonafede Annalisa , Gitti Myriam , Bonnassieux Etienne , Harwood Jeremy , Edge Alastair C. , Riseley Christopher J. , Vantyghem Adrian
Published: May 2021

Context.MS 0735.6+7421 is a galaxy cluster that hosts a central radio galaxy with a very steep spectrum. The spectrum is produced by one of the most powerful known jetted active galactic nuclei (AGN). The radio plasma, ejected at nearly light speed from the central AGN, has displaced the intra-cluster medium, leaving two pairs of cavities observable in the X-ray. The cavities are associated with two different outbursts and have distributed energy to the surrounding medium. While the age of the cavities has previously been estimated from the X-rays, no confirmation from radio data is available. Furthermore, the radio spectrum has only been derived from integrated flux density measurements so far, and the spatial distribution that would help us to understand the nature of this source is still lacking.

Aims.We perform for the first time a detailed, high-resolution spectral study of the source at radio frequencies and investigate its duty cycle. We compare this with previous X-ray estimates.

Methods.We used new observations at 144 MHz produced with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) together with archival data at higher frequencies (235, 325, 610, 1400, and 8500 MHz), to investigate the spectral properties of the source. We also used radiative models to constrain the age of the source.

Results.At the LOFAR frequency, the source presents two large outer radio lobes that are wider than at higher frequencies, and a smaller intermediate lobe that is located south-west of the core. A new inspection of X-ray data allowed us to identify an intermediate cavity that is associated with this lobe. It indicates a further phase of jet activity. The radio lobes have a steep spectrum even at LOFAR frequencies, reachingα144610= 2.9 in the outer lobes andα144610= 2.1 in the intermediate lobe. Fitting the lobe spectra using a single injection model of particle ageing, we derived a total age of the source between 170 and 106 Myr. This age agrees with the buoyancy and sound-crossing timescales derived from X-ray data. The resolution of the spectral age map we performed allows us to reconstruct the duty cycle of the source. In three phases of jet activity, the AGN was active for most of the time with only brief quiescent phases that ensured the repeated heating of the central gas. Finally, we estimated the minimum energy inside the outer lobes. We find that a source of additional pressure support must be present to sustain the bubbles against the pressure of the external medium.
Canvas model of the mining regions’ industrial ecosystem based on a circular economy
Authors: Amosha Oleksandr , Cherevatskyi Danylo , Lyakh Oleksandr , Soldak Myroslava , Zaloznova Yuliya
Published: May 2021

In order to elaborate the concept of an industrial ecosystem for circular economy for old industrial coal mining regions in Ukraine, we apply Corrine Beaumont's Lean Tribe Canvas model. The concept is based on combination of several approaches, including smart shrinking, urban mines, smart specialisation. The main idea of this concept is to organize an integrated industrial ecosystem for processing of accumulated waste of coal mining and enrichment for decades using innovative technologies for retrieving energy and other products during waste processing, as well as restructuring abandoned housing and unused industrial infrastructure. This should slow down decline of mining settlements, allow to reducing effects of anthropogenic impact on the environment in these regions, as well as mitigate social tension in the places where closed coal mines and related businesses were located. The mining town of Bílytske in Donetsk oblast was chosen as an example to assess technical, social and economic feasibility of a project based on the stated concept.
Planning model for the development and construction of thermal power plants using alternative fuels with optimal investment distribution
Authors: Yushchenko Nadiia
Published: May 2021

The work is devoted to the analysis of the current state and prospects of modernization of the fuel and energy complex and investments in renewable energy in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals in Ukraine, adaptation of an economic and mathematical model adequate to this process, allowing for rational distribution of investments, which in Ukraine plans to attract to development of the energy system and renewable energy as part of the implementation of the strategy “Vectors of Economic Development 2030”, the collection of potential sources of funds for the development and construction of thermal power plants using alternative fuels on the basis of existing heat supply enterprises in Ukraine. In the article it is recommended to use the add-in “Search for a solution” MS Excel for performing calculations according to the proposed deterministic model of a partially integer linear programming problem with boolean variables. As a result of the implementation of the proposed approach, moderate protection of the main producers (network operators) – heat supply utilities will be provided and market conditions for independent producers will be created, the operator will be encouraged to increase the efficiency of its own production.
Integrative ecological management of coastal marine and limans ecosystems of Ukraine
Authors: Minicheva Galyna , Demchenko Viktor , Sokolov Yevhen
Published: May 2021

Based on the experience of managing coastal marine, and limans ecosystems of Ukraine, the theoretical scheme of Integrative Ecological Management is considered. The scheme includes the “Basic Diagnostic” block for which the key tools are: Basin Assessment, Ecosystem Approach and Ecosystem Services. Geo-information Technologies are demonstrated in order to assess the catchment areas of some limans and coastal marine ecosystems of Ukraine. With the ecosystem approach, it is necessary to use functional indicators for assessing autotrophic, heterotrophic and decomposer communities of the ecosystem, the bind of which is associated with Ecological Status of the water body. It is indicated that an important goal of environmental management is reducing the intensity of anthropogenic flows of substance and energy, which cause destruction of the ecological balance and devaluation of ecosystem services. For the second block of the scheme - “Decision Making” it is proposed to use Priority Management Algorithm principle as an effective tool which allows to achieve the target maximum at minimal cost. At the final stage of the “Target Result”, recommendations that are offered to stakeholders at the local, regional and national level must achievement the main objectives of the Integrative Ecological Management of coastal marine ecosystems and limans.
Creating hyssop phytocenoses in anthropogenically transformed ecosystems
Authors: Dobrovolskyi Petro , Andriichenko Larysa , Kachanova Tetiana , Manushkina Tetiana
Published: May 2021

The aim of the article is to define hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis) ‘Markiz’ cultivar capacity parameters aimed at recultivating degraded soils, alkali soils, sloping lands, local landscaping of technologically polluted areas, which will promote improvement of anthropogenically transformed ecosystems. To implement such practical measures comprehensive approach should be used while selecting agronomic measures for growing crops by applying fertilizers (N60P60 broadcast, N30P30 broadcast + N30P30 with irrigation water during boot stage) and retaining soil moister per 30–40 cm depth on the level of 80–70–70% MHC. In these circumstances, stable agrophytocenosis is formed with optimal plants capacity parameters and crops of dry floral materials at the level of 52.6–53.7 c/ha. After the first mowing at the end of June, shoots are growing and flowering during the last August decade and beginning of September. However, phytomass yield is twice lower compared to the first mowing.
Control of sustainable management according to multilevel combinatorics of homeostatic mechanisms
Authors: Mykytenko Victoriia , Sheludko Nataliia
Published: May 2021

The article aims to develop the methodological base for study and substantiation of homeostatic mechanisms of control of stability of managing systems in the conditions which is implemented according to the sustainable management concept. The article describes features of main types of homeostasis of managing systems (evolutionary, structural, resistant, system homeostasis), their hierarchical closed interrelation and inherent specific and predictive administrative properties. The following is herein substantiated: conditions of homeostasis generation and realization of specific effect of mechanisms and, respectively, regulators of adaptation of managing systems to external and internal transformations; directions and methods to form resistant, to institutional and resource restrictions, complementary managing complexes. The article states that the combinatorics of homeostasis controls includes stabilizing, inertial, adaptation, organizational and economic, kinematic, cybernetic, alarm, cognitive information, reparative, regenerative and other types of controls. It emphasizes that the complex of mechanisms to ensure self-regulating properties of systems must be focused on support of their adaptation abilities to external and internal transformations. Taking into account four-level structural hierarchy of homeostatic properties, the article substantiates the possibility of ensuring adequate design of regulators for their consolidation according to priority objects of tools and events localization.
Sustainable development entrepreneurship formation: system-integrated management tools
Authors: Filyppova Svitlana , Kovtunenko Yurii , Filippov Volodymyr , Voloshchuk Lidiia , Malin Oleksandr
Published: May 2021

Entrepreneurship ensures the development of both the national economy and the population’s, well-being so it embodies a necessary process and factor for ensuring sustainable development. In the long run, sustainability is impossible without development and the entrepreneurship as one of its main stakeholders plays a triple role, acting at the same time as a significant factor, part of the economic component and a mechanism ensuring the sustainable development. The article examines issues of sustainable development entrepreneurship; considered is the substantial characteristics of management tools for system-integrated sustainable development entrepreneurship management, thus offering a system of digital tools services for sustainable development entrepreneurship digital platform and model for sustainable development entrepreneurship. The theoretical and methodological approaches to business development management proposed are designated to provide management focusing on sustainable development, system-integrated nature, anticipatory influence, use of rapidly growing digital capabilities, therefore forming an innovative basis for management and its object development. Its components are: a system of digital tools, a model of socially responsible business ideas and business projects selection; business models for sustainable development entrepreneurship. The study results are of essential practical importance for the process of one’s own business conducting with the use the rapidly growing opportunities opening.
Characterization of fatty acid, antioxidant, and polyphenol content of grape seed oil from different Vitis vinifera L. varieties
Authors: Kapcsándi Viktória , Hanczné Lakatos Erika , Sik Beatrix , Linka László Ádám , Székelyhidi Rita
Published: May 2021

In this study, we examined the yield and oil quality of eight different grape varieties. For the experiments, the grape seeds were obtained from the Benedictine Pannonhalma Archabbey in the northwestern region of Hungary. The aim of the studies was to determine the oil yield obtained by extraction and to examine the differences between the fatty acid composition, antioxidant capacity, and total polyphenol content of the oils of different grape varieties. Based on the results, the oil content of the grape seeds varied between 99.91 g/kg and 126.74 g/kg. The grape seed oils analysed contained significant amounts of stearic acid (3.42–9.93%), palmitic acid (7.81–10.66%), oleic acid (14.29–19.92%), and linoleic acid (66.85–72.47%). Besides, the grape seed oils tested contained several other fatty acids in small amounts. There were significant differences in the total antioxidant and total polyphenol content of the oils. Total polyphenol content ranged from 0.24 to 1.13 mg GAE/g, while the total antioxidant content changed between 0.12 and 0.78 μg TEAC/g. The results show that the studied varieties are suitable for the production of table grape seed oil based on their oil yield, and the oils have favourable, health-protecting properties in terms of their quality.
A board game proposal for teaching informatics related topics in Early Childhood Education
Authors: Bratitsis Tharrenos , Kontovounisiou Anna , Kiriazoglou Maria
Published: May 2021

This paper presents an idea of a board game designed for teaching informatics related topics to kindergarteners, as part of an undergraduate thesis. The idea emerged through a course about game-based learning and popular board game ideas were examined. Based on a brainstorming session, the appropriate format of the board was selected. Then, the topics were selected, addressing the issue of internet use by young children. The subtopics identified were that of safety while accessing the internet, proper computer use, technological matters and functional potential (all explained in detail in the paper). The game idea, mechanics and design are presented in this paper.
Creating Content and Use Cases for Testing Semantic Correlation Rules in Content Delivery
Authors: Bischoff Sophie , Fuchs Jule
Published: May 2021

Information retrieval (IR) systems like content delivery portals (CDP) help users to complete processes like searching tasks. However, these systems are facing difficulties like a lack of context or an abundance of content within the required information. An approach to solve this problem is the creation of microDocs with semantic correlation rules (SCR). The objective of this paper is to examine the realization of SCR in CDP according to use cases by focusing on the impact SCR have on the effectiveness of CDP for IR. SCR can be implemented in various creation systems. Furthermore, the paper focuses on the exemplary development of SCR in a component content management system (CCMS). Therefore, a system-based evaluation was conducted. In addition a test collection, following an ontology and a corresponding metadata architecture was created to evaluate the impact of SCR on CDP. The evaluation includes three systems, representing the different types of CDP. It uses methodology precision and recall, as well-fitting methods for the intended purpose. To conclude and finalize, testing results will be summed up, interpreted and the findings will be provided with an outlook.
The Application of Biomimetics and Architectural Skin as a Sustainable Strategy
Authors: Rodríguez Francisco Xavier Martínez , Bernal Ramirez Níckolas Alfredo , Luna Romero Ana Cristina García
Published: May 2021

The relationship between biomimetics as a design strategy and architectural skin as a construction technique, both of these strategies can be implemented in a building design process to develop more sustainable project, now a days there is a pollution problem in Mexico and one of the main causes is the waste generated by construction, in addition, just a few investors are interested in the application of bioclimatic strategies, sustainable technologies and building materials because they imply a large investment and constant maintenance, which is why an architectural skin designed based on the responsive skin of the crocodile is proposed, which is expected to be seen as a model for future generations of Mexican architects for them to implement these strategies and methodologies in their design process.
Comprehensive Study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Classification based on Deep Convolution Neural Networks
Authors: Nakamura Miyuka , Wang Jiangkun , Phea Sinchhean , Ben Abdallah Abderazek
Published: May 2021

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has recently become a topic of study in diﬀerent applications, including healthcare, in which timely detection of anomalies can play a vital role in patients health monitoring. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, colloquially known as the Coronavirus, disrupts large parts of the world. The standard way to test for COVID-19 is Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), which uses collected samples from the patient. This paper presents an eﬃcient convolution neural network software implementation for COVID-19 and other pneumonia disease detection targeted for an AI-enabled smart biomedical diagnosis system (AIRBiS). From the evaluation results, we found that the classification accuracy of the abnormal (COVID-19 and pneumonia) test dataset is over 97.18%. On the other hand, the accuracy of the normal is no more than 71.37%. We discussed the possible problems and proposals for further optimization.
Categorization of Frequent Errors in Solution Codes Created by Novice Programmers
Authors: Rahman Md. Mostafizer , Kawabayashi Shunsuke , Watanobe Yutaka
Published: May 2021

In recent times, e-learning has become indispensable for both technical and general education. Among all the subjects, programming education has drawn attention because of its importance for continuous development in the ICT sector. Finding errors in a solution code is a laborious task for novice programmers, teachers and instructors. Novice programmers are spending a lot of valuable time to search errors in the solution codes. In this paper, a method for the categorization of frequent errors in solution codes is presented. In the proposed method, the differences between wrong solutions and accepted solutions are used to define feature vectors for a clustering algorithm. A longest common subsequence (LCS) algorithm is leveraged to find the differences between wrong and accepted codes, then all the inequalities are converted into feature vectors. The k-mean clustering algorithm is applied to cluster the elements of the feature vector to find the most common errors in solution codes. In our experiment, the method was applied to a set of program solution codes accumulated in an e-learning system. Experimental results show that the proposed method is efficient and capable to detect the most common errors occurred in solution codes that can be helpful for novice programmers to resolve errors quickly as well as useful for teachers to prepare lesson plan.
Optimization and Implementation of a Collaborative Learning Algorithm for an AI-Enabled Real-time Biomedical System
Authors: Phea Sinchhean , Wang Zhishang , Wang Jiangkun , Ben Abdallah Abderazek
Published: May 2021

Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in biomedical fields. However, an accurate and secure system for pneumonia detection and diagnosis is urgently needed. We present the optimization and implementation of a collaborative learning algorithm for an AI-Enabled Real-time Biomedical System (AIRBiS), where a convolution neural network is deployed for pneumonia (i.e., COVID-19) image classification. With augmentation optimization, the federated learning (FL) approach achieves a high accuracy of 95.66%, which outperforms the conventional learning approach with an accuracy of 94.08%. Using multiple edge devices also reduces overall training time.
Animated Color Cube
Authors: Sugiyama Asahi , Cohen Michael
Published: May 2021

The RGB color model is framed by black, white, three additive primary colors, and three subtractive secondary colors, but there are many hues between them. We used a color cube for representing dimensional bases and intermediate hues and animated it to visualize color interpolation processes.
A generator tool for Carry Look-ahead Adders (CLA)
Authors: Ziouzios Dimitris , Tsiktsiris Dimitris , Baras Nikolaos , Bibi Stamatia , Dasygenis Minas
Published: May 2021

A carry look-ahead adder (CLA) is a digital circuit which is used widely used in any electronic computational device to improve speed calculation by reducing the time required to define carry bits. Despite the fact that CLA is used massively in modern digital systems, there is no online tool to automatically generate the HDL description. For this reason we developed a cloud based tool to automate the design of optimized CLA and provide custom testbenches to verify their correctness for singed and unsigned numbers. It is also can be used by the students to create and understand deeply the way CLA works.
Von Alter bis Zuckerkrankheit – Sturzursachen
Authors: Galliardt Melanie
Published: May 2021

Menschen stürzen im Alter aus verschiedenen Gründen. Einfluss nehmen zum Beispiel das Geschlecht, kognitive Fähigkeiten oder das Schuhwerk. In der Ergotherapie gilt es die Risikofaktoren für einen Sturz zu erfassen und herauszufinden, welche Interventionsmöglichkeiten in Frage kommen.
The Sacroiliac Joint as a Cause of Pain – Review of the Sacroiliac Joint Morphology and Models for Pain Genesis
Authors: Völker Anna , Steinke Hanno , Heyde Christoph-Eckhard
Published: May 2021

Introduction In recent years, the sacroiliac joint has become increasingly important as a generator of low back pain with and without pseudo-radicular pain in the legs. Up to 27% of reported back pain is generated by disorders in the sacroiliac joint.

Method This review is based on a selective literature search of the sacroiliac joint (SIJ) as a possible pain generator. It also considers the anatomical structures and innervation of the sacroiliac joint.

Results The SIJ is a complex joint in the region of the posterior pelvis and is formed by the sacrum and the ilium bones. The SIJ is very limited in movement in all three planes. Joint stability is ensured by the shape and especially by strong interosseous and extraosseous ligaments. Different anatomical variants of the sacroiliac joint, such as additional extra-articular secondary joints or ossification centres, can be regularly observed in CT scans. There is still controversy in the literature regarding innervation. However, there is agreement on dorsal innervation of the sacroiliac joint from lateral branches of the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves S I–S III with proportions of L III and L IV as well S IV. Nerve fibres and mechanoreceptors can also be detected in the surrounding ligaments.

Conclusion A closer look at the anatomy and innervation of the SIJ shows that the SIJ is more than a simple joint. The complex interaction of the SIJ with its surrounding structures opens the possibility that pain arises from this area. The SIJ and its surrounding structures should be included in the diagnosis and treatment of back and leg pain. Published literature include a number of plausible models for the sacroiliac joint as pain generator. The knowledge of the special anatomy, the complex innervation as well as the special and sometimes very individual functionality of this joint, enhance our understanding of associated pathologies and complaints.
Update Breast Cancer 2021 Part 1 – Prevention and Early Stages
Authors: Stickeler Elmar , Aktas Bahriye , Behrens Annika , Belleville Erik , Ditsch Nina , Fasching Peter A. , Fehm Tanja N. , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Jackisch Christian , Janni Wolfgang , Kolberg-Liedtke Cornelia , Kolberg Hans-Christian , Lüftner Diana , Lux Michael P. , Müller Volkmar , Schneeweiss Andreas , Schütz Florian , Schulmeyer Carla E. , Tesch Hans , Thomssen Christoph , Uleer Christoph , Untch Michael , Welslau Manfred , Wöckel Achim , Wurmthaler Lena A. , Würstlein Rachel , Thill Marc
Published: May 2021

This review summarises not only the latest evidence on prevention, but also the current research on the treatment of early-stage breast cancer patients. Recent years have seen a growing body of evidence on the risk of high- and moderate-penetrance breast cancer susceptibility genes. A large international consortium has now been able to further refine the answer to the question of the significance of the so-called panel genes. Moreover, the data on treatment selection regarding endocrine efficacy and the decision for or against chemotherapy have also been advanced markedly. There is also new data on adjuvant CDK4/6 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6) inhibitors, which are standard in first-line treatment in patients with metastatic HER2-negative, hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer. For other therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have successfully improved the rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) in neoadjuvant treatment settings for patients
with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), there is a growing understanding of the quality of life and side effects. This is especially important in situations where patients could possibly be cured without such a regimen.
Nutritional Management of Critically Ill Patients Infected with SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Garnes Sérgio dos Anjos , Lasakosvitsch Fernanda , Bottoni Adriana , Bottoni Andrea
Published: May 2021

Early nutritional therapy is essential to ensure the maintenance of adequate energy/protein intake for critically ill patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, this poses a major challenge when it comes to individuals on mechanical ventilation in prone position. Therefore, the present work presents a nutritional therapy flowchart developed for patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection to guide nutritional management and ensure that energy/protein intake goals are met, thus favoring a positive clinical outcome.
Cavernous Sinus Epidermoid Cyst Removal through a No-Keyhole Pterional Craniotomy: Operative Video and Technical Nuances
Authors: Candanedo Carlos , Moscovici Samuel , Spektor Sergey
Published: May 2021

Intracranial epidermoid cysts are considered benign tumors with good general prognosis. However, their radical removal may be associated with certain morbidity, especially when the capsule is attached to neurovascular structures. Epidermoid cysts located in the cavernous sinus are very rare. We present an operative video of a 22-year-old female patient, who suffered a right-sided headache for 5 years. The video demonstrates main steps and surgical nuances of resection of a right interdural cavernous sinus epidermoid cyst, measuring 22 × 19 × 21 mm (4.3 cc) (Fig. 1A). On initial physical examination, the patient had a right partial third nerve palsy (mild ptosis with minimal diplopia), without any other cranial nerve deficit. A right no-keyhole pterional craniotomy was performed, followed by extradural anterior clinoidectomy and peeling of the outer dural layer of the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus. The dura matter was also detached from the distal carotid dural ring, which was exposed by the clinoidectomy (Fig. 2A). This maneuver provided excellent exposure of the interdural epidermoid cyst, which severely compressed the oculomotor nerve against the posterior petroclinoid dural fold (Fig. 2B). Gross total resection of the epidermoid cyst was achieved (Fig. 1B and C). The patient developed a transient worsening of the third nerve palsy, which recovered completely 3 months after the surgery. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed no signs of residual tumor.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/pobhYb5ZNig.
Extended Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for a Giant Parasellar Epidermoid Cyst
Authors: Aldea Sorin , Veyrat Mathieu , Bourdillon Pierre , Ayache Denis , Le Guérinel Caroline
Published: May 2021

Epidermoid cysts are rare lesions which typically grow slowly. For this reason, these lesions are usually discovered when they are already very large. The parasellar location is no exception to this rule and may involve the cavernous sinus or the Meckel cave.

We present a 34-year-old female patient without past medical history who was admitted in our tertiary referral center for episodes of diplopia in the right lateral gaze and right trigeminal dysesthesias. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a large right parasellar mass with mixed intensity signal on the T1 and T2 sequences, without contrast enhancement and a typical hypersignal intensity on diffusion-weighted sequences evoking an epidermoid cyst. We discuss the radiologic criteria which differentiate the lesions originating in the cavernous sinus from those of the Meckel cave (Figs. 1 and 2).

Parasellar tumors may be approached through classical transcranial approaches such the epidural temporopolar or the subtemporal approach which involve a significant degree of brain retraction. The last decade witnessed the advent of extended endonasal approaches which offer an interesting alternative and avoid the manipulation of the brain. We used the endoscopic transpterygoid approach in our patient and we were able to achieve an excellent clinical and radiological result. We discuss the nuances of the technique and present the surgical steps of the procedure (Figs. 3 and 4).

The endoscopic endonasal approach represents an excellent therapeutic option for parasellar lesions. A thorough knowledge of the anatomy and experience with endoscopic techniques are obvious prerequisite.

The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/QonSvHrCwOU.
Evaluation of Nutritional Risk and Prevalence of Obesity in Patients with Covid-19 in A Reference Hospital in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pimentel Rodrigo Fernandes Weyll , Moraes Gilson Cruz de , Barcelos Shalla Gomes Cavalcanti , Figueiredo Pedro Carlos Muniz de , Das Merces Magno Conceição
Published: May 2021

Introduction The Coronavirus has spread to almost every country in the world, causing the coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The coronavirus stands out among the other infections especially by it's high contagious power and important effects on the respiratory system. The COVID-19 has differents ways of presentation and these are influenced by the patient's previous nutricional status, correlated with the patient's lifestyle and comorbities.

Objective this survey seeks to analyze the nutritional status and the prevalence of obesity in patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2. Methods: this is a descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study type, which 41 patients affected by COVID-19 were interviewed. Patient's weight and height were used to assess the BMI, and nutritional risk assessment was performed using the Nutritional Risk Screening tool (NRS 2002). For the analysis, Absolute (AF) and Relative Frequency (RF), the mean and the standard deviation were calculated.

Results It was observerd that 78% of the participants had a high nutritional risk, while only 22% had a low nutritional risk. Besides that, 34% showed overweight and 41.4% showed obesity.

Conclusion the existence of a high prevalence of increased nutritional risk was evidenced, in addition to the high frequency of overweight in patients affected by SARS-CoV-2.