bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure of bis(tetrapropylammonium) terephthalate – 1-(diaminomethylene)thiourea – water (1/2/4) C18H40N5O4S
Authors: Li Mengfei , Geng Fangfang , Zhu Honglei
Published: March 2023

C18H40N5O4S, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.4254(9) Å, b = 8.4254(9) Å, c = 16.1470(17) Å, β = 98.302(2)°, V = 2411.9(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0409, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1162, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of tris(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2
N,N′)iron(II) triiodide – dichloromethane (2/1), C61H50Cl2Fe2I12N12
Authors: Cui Chuanguo , Zhang Jinxiao , Xiao Zhiyin
Published: March 2023

C61H50Cl2Fe2I12N12, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 13.0247(4) Å, b = 17.0204(5) Å, c = 34.1475(9) Å, β = 90, V = 7570.0(4) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0694, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1605, T = 293(2) K.
How Dark Is It? An Investigation of Dark Money Operations in U.S. Nonprofit Political Advocacy Organizations
Authors: Irvin Renée A.
Published: March 2023

Claims of dark money influence on U.S. political activity are heard from both left- and right-leaning media, both accusing the other side of undue influence from high net worth political donors on American politics. This article explores the issues of donor control, transparency, and publicness of economic policy advocacy organizations. The study focuses on social welfare nonprofit organizations active in economic policy advocacy, utilizing tax filings to compose an index of transparency based on observed characteristics such as; website verbiage, board size, staffing, fundraising spending, relations to other organizations, and other indicators. All of these variables measure legal behavior, yet as L.H. Mayer describes, some organizations appear to be stretching the boundaries of the rules so egregiously as to be in violation of legal rules, with “little fear of negative consequences” (2018, 194). Organizational tactics can reflect a disinterest in public engagement, or worse, a deliberate attempt to keep the organization’s operations opaque. It is impossible to observe, with current policy, the identity of the donors. Given an index as proposed in this article, however, observers can rank organizations on a scale indicating transparent or opaque characteristics.
Interlocking corporate and policy networks in financial services: Paris-London relations post Brexit
Authors: Hall Sarah , Heneghan Martin
Published: March 2023

This paper examines the impacts of Brexit as an external shock to European financial centre relations. In particular, it studies the changing nature of Paris-London financial relations post Brexit. Early on in the Brexit process, Paris was not understood as the most likely European centre to benefit from Brexit given its tax regime and high office costs. However, our analysis shows that through policy and corporate network change, it has been one of the major beneficiaries. In making this argument, the paper develops a sympathetic critique of work on global cities that has tended to emphasise corporate networks without fully situating them within their political landscapes. We argue that bringing work in economic geography into closer dialogue with work in international political economy offers one fruitful way of addressing this oversight and, in turn, better understanding how inter-city relations respond to external shocks.
More Justice from Justice
Authors: Vinegrad Alan , Berman Douglas A.
Published: March 2023

United States Attorney General Merrick Garland issued new Department of Justice guidance for charging, plea, and sentencing policies via two memos: one providing general policies for all criminal cases and a second providing additional policies for drug cases. These latest DOJ policies are generally consistent in many respects with past policies issued by Attorney General Garland’s predecessors, but they break new ground (or revive previously rescinded policies) in several areas: mandatory minimum statutes, statutory sentencing enhancements, the crack/cocaine sentencing disparity, and pretrial diversion. All of these new policies tack in the same direction: ameliorating the harshness of the modern-era federal sentencing regime. Most notably, Attorney General Garland’s Drug Memo seeks to all but do away with the disparity by calling for federal prosecutors to “promote the equivalent treatment of crack and powder cocaine offenses.” The Drug Memo directs prosecutors to charge crack offenses as if they were cocaine offenses by using the quantity for cocaine rather than crack.
The United States Sentencing Commission, Compassionate Release, and Judicial Discretion
Authors: Price Mary
Published: March 2023

The Sentencing Commission is meeting for the first time in three years to promulgate guideline amendments. This amendment cycle promises to be among the Commission’s most consequential. Among its tasks, the agency must update USSG 1B1.13, the policy statement that governs reduction of sentence for “extraordinary and compelling reasons.” So-called “compassionate release” has taken on new significance since Congress amended the authorizing statute in the First Step Act of 2018. Because the Commission had no quorum at the time and for several years after it has been unable to amend the guideline to conform to changes made by the FSA. Creative litigation has transformed compassionate release from the last resort for incarcerated people who were aging, debilitated, or dying to one used for a variety of situations deemed extraordinary and compelling by federal courts. These include grants based on reasons ranging from vulnerability to COVID all the way to the injustice of continued incarceration of people serving sentences the FSA lowered but did not make retroactive. Confronting the Commission is the question of whether and to what extent it might cabin the discretion judges have been exercising to recognize various grounds for compassionate release, including intervening changes in the law that make the sentence inequitable.

In this article, the author traces the history of compassionate release, discusses the transformation of its use since passage of the FSA, explores the various proposals the Commission has presented for comment, and presents the choices through the lens of one incarcerated person’s experience.
ASO targeting RBM3 temperature‐controlled poison exon splicing prevents neurodegeneration in vivo
Authors: Preußner Marco , Smith Heather L , Hughes Daniel , Zhang Min , Emmerichs Ann‐Kathrin , Scalzitti Silvia , Peretti Diego , Swinden Dean , Neumann Alexander , Haltenhof Tom , Mallucci Giovanna R , Heyd Florian
Published: March 2023

Neurodegenerative diseases are increasingly prevalent in the aging population, yet no disease‐modifying treatments are currently available. Increasing the expression of the cold‐shock protein RBM3 through therapeutic hypothermia is remarkably neuroprotective. However, systemic cooling poses a health risk, strongly limiting its clinical application. Selective upregulation of RBM3 at normothermia thus holds immense therapeutic potential. Here we identify a poison exon within the RBM3 gene that is solely responsible for its cold‐induced expression. Genetic removal or antisense oligonucleotide (ASO)‐mediated manipulation of this exon yields high RBM3 levels independent of cooling. Notably, a single administration of ASO to exclude the poison exon, using FDA‐approved chemistry, results in long‐lasting increased RBM3 expression in mouse brains. In prion‐diseased mice, this treatment leads to remarkable neuroprotection, with prevention of neuronal loss and spongiosis despite high levels of disease‐associated prion protein. Our promising results in mice support the possibility that RBM3‐inducing ASOs might also deliver neuroprotection in humans in conditions ranging from acute brain injury to Alzheimer's disease.
Nirmatrelvir treatment of SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected mice blunts antiviral adaptive immune responses
Authors: Fumagalli Valeria , Di Lucia Pietro , Ravà Micol , Marotta Davide , Bono Elisa , Grassi Stefano , Donnici Lorena , Cannalire Rolando , Stefanelli Irina , Ferraro Anastasia , Esposito Francesca , Pariani Elena , Inverso Donato , Montesano Camilla , Delbue Serena , Perlman Stanley , Tramontano Enzo , De Francesco Raffaele , Summa Vincenzo , Guidotti Luca G , Iannacone Matteo
Published: March 2023

Alongside vaccines, antiviral drugs are becoming an integral part of our response to the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. Nirmatrelvir—an orally available inhibitor of the 3‐chymotrypsin‐like cysteine protease—has been shown to reduce the risk of progression to severe COVID‐19. However, the impact of nirmatrelvir treatment on the development of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific adaptive immune responses is unknown. Here, by using mouse models of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, we show that nirmatrelvir administration blunts the development of SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific antibody and T cell responses. Accordingly, upon secondary challenge, nirmatrelvir‐treated mice recruited significantly fewer memory T and B cells to the infected lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes, respectively. Together, the data highlight a potential negative impact of nirmatrelvir treatment with important implications for clinical management and might help explain the virological and/or symptomatic relapse after treatment completion reported in some individuals.
Structural and dynamic properties of the YTH domain in complex with N6‐methyladenosine RNA studied by accelerated molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Li Mingwei , Chen Guanglin , Zhang Zhiyong
Published: March 2023

Background

N6‐methyl adenosine (m6A) modifications of mRNA and long non‐coding RNA (lncRNAs) are known to play a significant role in regulation of gene expression and organismal development. Besides writer and eraser proteins of this dynamic modification, the YT521‐B homology (YTH) domain can recognize the modification involved in numerous cellular processes. The function of proteins containing YTH domain and its binding mode with N6‐Methyladenosine RNA has attracted considerable attention. However, the structural and dynamic characteristics of the YTH domain in complex with m6A RNA is still unknown.

Method

This work presents results of accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD) simulations at the timescale of microseconds. Principal component analysis (PCA), molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) calculations, contact analysis and contact‐based principal component analysis (conPCA) provide new insights into structure and dynamics of the YTH‐RNA complex.

Results

The aMD simulations indicate that the recognition loop has a larger movement away from the binding pocket in the YTH‐A3 RNA than that in the YTH‐m6A3 RNA. In aMD trajectories of the apo YTH, there is a significant close‐open transition of the recognition loop, that is to say, the apo YTH can take both the closed and open structure. We have found that the YTH domain binds more favorably to the methylated RNA than the non‐methylated RNA. The per‐residue free energy decomposition and conPCA suggest that hydrophobic residues including W380, L383‐V385, W431‐P434, M437, and M441‐L442, may play important roles in favorable binding of the m6A RNA to the YTH domain, which is also supported by aMD simulations of a double mutated system (L383A/M437A).

Conclusion

The results are in good agreement with higher structural stability of the YTH‐m6A RNA than that of the YTH‐A3 RNA. The addition of a methylation group on A3 can enhance its binding to the hydrophobic pocket in the YTH domain. Our simulations support a ‘conformational selection’ mechanism between the YTH‐RNA binding. This work may aid in our understanding of the structural and dynamic characteristics of the YTH protein in complex with the methylated RNA.
Quantitative functionalization of biosynthetic caged protein materials
Authors: Cheng Quan , Wang Xuan , Zhang Xian‐En , Xu Chengchen , Li Feng
Published: March 2023

Background

As one of the representative protein materials, protein nanocages (PNCs) are self‐assembled supramolecular structures with multiple advantages, such as good monodispersity, biocompatibility, structural addressability, and facile production. Precise quantitative functionalization is essential to the construction of PNCs with designed purposes.

Results

With three modifiable interfaces, the interior surface, outer surface, and interfaces between building blocks, PNCs can serve as an ideal platform for precise multi‐functionalization studies and applications. This review summarizes the currently available methods for precise quantitative functionalization of PNCs and highlights the significance of precise quantitative control in fabricating PNC‐based materials or devices. These methods can be categorized into three groups, genetic, chemical, and combined modification.

Conclusion

This review would be constructive for those who work with biosynthetic PNCs in diverse fields.
Modeling the relationship between gene expression and mutational signature
Authors: Jiang Limin , Yu Hui , Guo Yan
Published: March 2023

Background

Mutational signatures computed from somatic mutations, allow an in‐depth understanding of tumorigenesis and may illuminate early prevention strategies. Many studies have shown the regulation effects between somatic mutation and gene expression dysregulation.

Methods

We hypothesized that there are potential associations between mutational signature and gene expression. We capitalized upon RNA‐seq data to model 49 established mutational signatures in 33 cancer types. Both accuracy and area under the curve were used as performance measures in five‐fold cross‐validation.

Results

A total of 475 models using unconstrained genes, and 112 models using protein‐coding genes were selected for future inference purposes. An independent gene expression dataset on lung cancer smoking status was used for validation which achieved over 80% for both accuracy and area under the curve.

Conclusion

These results demonstrate that the associations between gene expression and somatic mutations can translate into the associations between gene expression and mutational signatures.
"Arado, bieldo, hoz"... Propuesta para determinar la información que ha de incluirse en las definiciones de los nombres de instrumentos agrícolas
Authors: González Cobas Jacinto
Published: March 2023

La nueva lexicografía, surgida en las últimas décadas del siglo pasado, ha dado lugar a cambios sustanciales en la manera de afrontar el diseño y la elaboración de los diccionarios. Sin embargo, determinar el inventario de rasgos que han de conformar las definiciones de un grupo concreto de palabras no es una cuestión a la que se haya prestado suficiente atención, ni siquiera bajo ese nuevo paradigma. Se propone en este artículo un método combinado (la consulta de corpus y de diccionarios de referencia) para averiguar los aspectos que han de figurar en las definiciones, y se aplica esta forma de actuación a los nombres de instrumentos agrícolas. De esta manera se pretende avanzar, en la medida de lo posible, en el camino de la regularidad, seña de coherencia y fiabilidad en el ámbito lexicográfico. Los datos sugieren que podría optarse por la inclusión, en las definiciones del citado tipo de sustantivos, de los rasgos hiperónimo / ámbito temático / función / descripción.
Leucaena particleboard: A commercial trial
Authors: Sa’ad Muhammad Fitri , Yunus Nor Yuziah , Ab Rahman Hilmi , Wan Abdul Rahman Wan Mohd Nazri
Published: March 2023

In Malaysia, the depletion of raw materials has begun to impact mills, as their production could decrease or cease. This will impact the Malaysian wood-based economy, both locally and globally. Usage of trees with fast-growing characteristics is essential to add feedstock sources to mills. This study investigated the mechanical properties (MOR, MOR, IB, and screw withdrawal) of particleboard (density = 660 kg/m3) made of Leucaena leucocephala, rubberwood, and mixed tropical trees with different species ratios. The wood species ratios for the particleboards were 100% Leucaena, 50% Leucaena and 50% rubberwood, and 50% rubberwood and 50% mixed tropical wood. Boards with the dimensions 3680 mm × 2465 mm × 25 mm were produced. The results showed that all of the species ratios passed the minimum requirements for commercial use. The performance of the Leucaena particleboard was 17.40 MPa (MOR), 2654 MPa (MOE), 0.68 MPa (IB) and 623 N (Screw withdrawal). The Leucaena board performance matched that of the board made from the current raw materials used commercially (mixed tropical wood and rubberwood).
Effects of moisture content on mechanical properties of micro-size oak wood
Authors: Korkmaz O. , Büyüksarı U.
Published: March 2023

Effects of moisture content (MC) were investigated for the mechanical properties of oak wood (Quercus petraea Liebl.) using micro-size test specimens. The micro-size specimens for bending, tensile, and compression tests were prepared and divided into five groups. Each group was conditioned at a different relative humidity and temperature to achieve MC values of 8%, 12%, 16%, 20%, and above-fiber-saturation-point MCs. After conditioning, the bending strength, modulus of elasticity (MOE) in bending, tensile strength, and compression strength values were determined. The results showed that MC had statistically significant effects on all the measured mechanical properties in the micro-size oak wood samples. The greatest decrease was observed for the compression strength, while the lowest decrease was observed for the tensile strength, when MC increased. The changing rates induced by 1% MC were calculated as 3% for bending strength, 2.5% for the MOE, 2.0% for the tensile strength, and 3.1% for the compression strength.
Viršerdvės dujų chromatografija karboksirūgščių ir heksanalio nustatymui
Authors:   , Bugelytė Birutė
Published: March 2023

Headspace gas chromatography for the determination of carboxylic acids and hexanal
The structure of sedimentary cover of Western Lithuania based on seismic data
Authors:   , Grendaitė Milda
Published: March 2023

Vakarų Lietuvos nuosėdinės dangos sandaros ypatumai pagal seisminius duomenis
Psychological Factors in Students’ Attitudes towards the Digital Educational Environment (Case of Russian and Belarusian Universities)
Authors: Radchikova Nataly P. , Odintsova Maria A. , Marina G. Sorokova Marina G. Sorokova , Kozyreva Nina V. , Lobanov Alexander P.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The common educational space of Russia and Belarus is a condition for deepening integration processes underpinned by common historical roots, long experience of common development, goals and principles of cooperation. However, many aspects, including the prerequisites and factors of studentsʼ acceptance of digital technologies in higher education, are not sufficiently studied. The aim of the article is to present the results of research into the psychological factors of digital educational environment acceptance by students of Russian and Belarusian universities.
Materials and Methods. The study involved 1 582 students from universities in Russia and Belarus aged 21,3 ± 6,3 years. To identify personality traits, Big Five Inventory-2 was used. The resources of self-regulation were determined using Personal Self-Activation Inventory and Self-Regulation Style Questionnaire. To determine the attitude to learning in the digital educational environment, AUDEE Scale was used, and to determine the attitude to learning activities – Activity-Related Experiences Assessment Technique.
Results. The most important factors of digital educational environment acceptance for both samplings (Russia and Belarus) are not personality traits but activity-related experiences: the experience of pleasure in the absence of experiences of effort and void leads to acceptance of the digital educational environment. Modeling of significant conditions for achieving goals, evaluation of results and programming of actions, and insistency for the Belarusian sampling were also noted as important elements of digital educational environment acceptance. Therefore, the main factors are not the personality traits of the student, but the experiences that s/he experiences during the learning activity and some structural components of self-regulation. Similarity in models’ quality and structure for two different countries supports the reliability of the results and serves a basis for practical recommendations for digital educational environment development and preparing students for work in it.
Discussion and Conclusions. The conclusions made by the authors contribute to the problem of studentsʼ attitude to the university’s digital educational environment. The materials of the article can be useful for university administration and teaching staff to improve both the university’s digital educational environment and the methods of teaching using digital educational environment.
Expanding digitalisation for subsistence and sustainability in the heart of Europe, based on the examples of Hungarian companies
Authors: Katona Andrea , Birkner Zoltán , Péter Erzsébet
Published: March 2023

The rapid technological development that is still taking place today, with increasingly interconnected IT tools, is introducing dramatic changes. The development of computer programs is rapidly transforming traditional processes and the systems that support them. It is therefore natural that the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) and its impact on Hungarian companies is one of the key topics of our time. We conducted an exploratory quantitative survey, asking 140 managers of Hungarian small, medium and large enterprises about their current situation in the context of Industry 4.0. We sought to find out to what extent the specific R&D and innovation potential of Industry 4.0 is accepted, and whether it has already been introduced in the companies. On a qualitative side, 2 case studies and 3 interviews were conducted, in which structured interviews were used to further explore the issue. We aimed to find out where SMEs stood in terms of digital preparedness and what advantages, possible disadvantages, and goals they managed to identify. Our research showed that an increasing number of companies have already decided to take the first steps towards industrial digitalisation, which will completely transform their internal processes.
Archaeology of Twentieth-Century Rome
Authors: Corsetti Francisca Lobera , Jacobsen Jan Kindberg , Mittica Gloria , Murro Giovanni , Presicce Claudio Parisi , Raja Rubina , di Siena Laura , Vitti Massimo
Published: March 2023

When Rome became the capital of a unified Italian state in 1871, the city lagged behind other European capitals in contemporary architectural expression. Ancient ruins evoked a distant glory, although the area of Rome containing the Imperial Fora was covered over by a dense urban residential quarter called the Alessandrino District. The quarter was labelled a slum district by fascist propaganda, and it was demolished in the early 1930s to make way for a parade avenue, the Via dell’Impero. This article presents a discussion of the cultural and socio-economic nature of the Alessandrino District in the decades before its destruction, combining results from the Danish-Italian excavations at Caesar’s Forum with a selection of archival data and historical accounts. The findings presented here indicate that a newly investigated area of the Alessandrino District was in fact not a slum district but rather a thriving middle-class residential and commercial area.
Mayo Adhesive Probability Score Does Not Have Prognostic Ability in Locally Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Schmeusser Benjamin , Manalo Tad A. , Liu Yuan , Shah Yash , Ali Adil` , Armas-Phan Manuel , Patil Dattatraya H. , Nabavizadeh Reza , Ogan Kenneth , Master Viraj A.
Published: March 2023

Nephrectomy remains standard treatment for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score is predictive of adherent perinephric fat and associated surgical complexity, and is determined by assessing perinephric fat and stranding. MAP has additionally predicted progression-free survival (PFS), though primarily reported in stage T1-T2 RCC. Here, we examine MAP’s ability to predict overall survival (OS) and PFS in T3-T4 RCC. From our prospectively maintained RCC database, patients that underwent radical nephrectomy (2009-2016) with available abdominal imaging (<90 days preop) and T3/T4 RCC underwent MAP scoring. Survival analyses were conducted with MAP scores as individual (0-5) and dichotomized (0-3 vs 4-5) using Kaplan-Meier method. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models for PFS and OS were built with backward elimination. 141 patients were included. 134 (95%) and 7 (5%) had pT3 and pT4 disease, respectively. 46.1% of patients had an inferior vena cava thrombus. Mean MAP score was 3.22±1.52, with 75 (53%) patients having a score between 0-3 and 66 (47%) having a score of 4-5. Both male gender (p=0.006) and clear cell histology (p=0.012) were associated with increased MAP scores. On Kaplan-Meier and multivariable analysis, no significant associations were identified between MAP and PFS (HR=1.01, 95% CI 0.85-1.20, p=0.93) or OS (HR=1.01, 95% CI 0.84-1.21, p=0.917). In this cohort of patients with locally advanced RCC, high MAP scores were not predictive of worse PFS or OS.
Position Correction Algorithm of Well Pads When Solving the Problem of Developing Oil Fields
Authors: Kulakov Egor , Mikhalev Anton , Sarenkov Aleksandr , Shutalev Artem , Fedoreev Artem
Published: March 2023

This article is devoted to the problem of automation of the stage of combining wells into clusters, considered as part of the process of designing the development of oil fields. The solution to the problem of combining wells into clusters is to determine the best location of well pads and the distribution of wells into clusters, in which the costs of developing and maintaining an oil field will be minimized, and the expected flow rate will be maximized. One of the currently used approaches to solving this problem is the use of optimization algorithms. At the same time, this task entails taking into account technological limitations when searching for the optimal option for the development of an oil field, justified, among other things, by the regulations in force in the industry, namely, the minimum and maximum allowable number of wells in a pad, as well as the minimum allowable distance between two well pads. The use of optimization algorithms does not always guarantee an optimal result, in which all specified constraints are met. Within the framework of this study, an algorithm is proposed that allows us to work out the resulting design solutions in order to eliminate the violated restrictions at the optimization stage. The algorithm consistently solves the following problems: violation of restrictions on the ultra-small and ultra-large number of wells in a pad; discrepancy between the number of pads with a given one; violation of the restriction of the ultra-close arrangement of pads. To study the effectiveness of the developed approach, a computational experiment was conducted on three generated synthetic oil fields with different geometries. As part of the experiment, the quality of the optimization method and the proposed algorithm, which is a raise to the optimization method, were compared. The comparison was carried out on different values of optimization power, which denotes the maximum number of runs of the target function. The evaluation of the quality of the work of the compared approaches is determined by the amount of the fine, which indicates the degree of violation of the values of the main restrictions. The efficiency criteria in this work are: the average value, the standard deviation, the median, and the minimum and maximum values of the penalty. Due to the use of this algorithm, the value of the penalty for the first and third oil fields is reduced on average to 0.04 and 0.03 respectively, and for the second oil field, the algorithm allowed to obtain design solutions without violating restrictions. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was made regarding the effectiveness of the developed approach in solving the problem of oil field development.
Making a Case for Gender-Responsive, Trauma-Informed Mental Health Courts: An Exploration of Participant Trauma Histories
Authors: Honegger Laura , Dewald Stacy
Published: March 2023

Considering the disproportionate number of people in the criminal justice system with trauma histories, in conjunction with the disproportionate number of people with mental illness who have experienced trauma, examining the trauma histories of mental health court (MHC) participants is essential. However, no studies to date have explicitly examined the trauma histories of this vulnerable population. Therefore, the present study aimed to describe the lifetime prevalence of traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis among a sample of 163 participants within a Northeastern U.S. MHC. Gender differences were also explored. Overall, about 83% of MHC participants reported any lifetime trauma, with significantly higher rates among female participants (94.2%) as compared to male participants (78.4%). Approximately half of MHC participants reported experiencing childhood maltreatment, with women being significantly more likely to have experienced physical and sexual abuse during childhood than men. Further, women had higher rates of sexual assault and intimate partner violence. The percentage of women diagnosed with PTSD was about twice that of the men. These findings underscore the need for a trauma-informed and gender responsive approach to MHCs. Suggestions for MHCs to consider are offered, including trauma screening tools into MHC assessment procedures, cultivating a more trauma-informed culture by adapting key principles, and incorporating trauma-specific programming and therapies into their offerings.
SUBSTRATE CHARACTERISTICS OF MULTIPLE ARRAYS OF TURBULENT SWIRLING IMPINGING JETS
Authors: Debnath Sudipta , Khan Md Tanvir , Ahmed Zahir Uddin
Published: March 2023

This research investigates the flow aspects and thermal behavior of multiple air jet impingements on a flat plate through two different geometrical arrangements. A variety of flow conditions and geometrical parameters are considered including Reynolds number, swirl number, impingement distance, and jet-to-jet separation. A numerical approach is adopted to conduct the analysis using the shear stress transport (SST) k-ω turbulence model in the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software package ANSYS Fluent v17. Results reveal that the static pressure is uniformly distributed on
the impingement surface for the higher nozzle-to-surface distance at a strong swirl flow, while for noswirl and medium-swirl configurations, the static pressure is accumulated at the stagnation regions. A lower impingement distance improves the cooling performance while a higher impingement distance
accelerates the consistency in temperature distribution. Moreover, the staggered nozzle arrangement is found superior in terms of generating integrity in thermal cooling. Overall, the pressure coefficient enhances by up to 126% for medium swirl (S = 0.3) and 67% for high swirl (S = 0.75) cases, and in terms of Reynolds number (Re), the pressure coefficient decreases by 12% and 15% for Re = 24,600 and 35,000, respectively, compared to Re = 11,600. Besides, the average Nusselt number amplifies by 8% and 17% for medium (S = 0.3) and high swirl (S = 0.75) flow, respectively, while compared to Re = 11,600, the average Nusselt number raises by 58% and 98% for Re = 24,600 and 35,000, respectively. The eddy viscosity increases strongly with the growth of swirl intensity, while a monotonous vorticity distribution is achieved at high swirl conditions.
CRACK INTERACTION WITH TILT GRAIN BOUNDARIES IN BRITTLE FRACTURE OF ALUMINUM
Authors: Kryzhevich Dmitrij S. , Korchuganov Aleksandr V. , Zolnikov Konstantin P.
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a molecular dynamics study of crack propagation in aluminum bicrystals with tilt grain boundaries under uniaxial tension. The simulations showed that crack propagation is always preceded by an abrupt increase in the atomic volume at the crack tip as a result of nanopore formation. The beginning of crack growth or crack initiation after arrest is always accompanied by
a rapid decrease in the atomic volume at the crack tip. The results obtained in this study show that the crack can cause significant grain boundary migration. The amount of grain boundary migration increases with decreasing grain misorientation angle. Tilt grain boundaries with misorientation angles above 20° fully prevent crack propagation into a neighboring grain. At smaller tilt angles, the crack is temporarily arrested by the grain boundary, and the arrest time increases with increasing
tilt angle.
Влияние технологических отклонений на пусковые свойства асинхронного двигателя при его производстве
Authors: Быковская Людмила Владимировна , Быковский Виктор Владимирович
Published: March 2023

Исследовано влияние технологических отклонений при производстве и сборке магнитопровода асинхронного двигателя на кратность пускового тока КПТ и кратность пускового момента КПМ. Получены уравнения регрессии для КПТ и КПМ асинхронного двигателя, исследованные на экстремум, что позволило определить координаты для минимального и максимального значения исследуемых функций. Построены поверхности отклика, которые дают полученные уравнения в факторном пространстве для различных сочетаний входных величин. Определены коэффициенты влияния и получены зависимости, связывающие отклонения кратностей пускового тока и пускового момента асинхронного двигателя и технологические отклонения.
Исследование системы регулирования возбуждения синхронных генераторов заводских электростанций
Authors: Корнилов Геннадий Петрович , Газизова Ольга Викторовна , Логинов Борис Михайлович , Храмшин Рифхат Рамазанович , Соколов Александр Павлович , Морщакин Александр Эдуардович
Published: March 2023

Рассмотрен закон регулирования возбуждения, адаптированный к условиям заводского электроснабжения при совместной работе с энергосистемой, а также обеспечивающий поддержание заданного напряжения на шинах и достаточный уровень устойчивости. На основе полученного закона разработана математическая модель регулируемого синхронного генератора в среде MATLAB, позволяющая анализировать электромеханические переходные процессы. С помощью программы исследована устойчивость нормальных и утяжеленных режимов. Получены области допустимых значений активных и реактивных мощностей с учетом напряжения сети и допустимого тока возбуждения при использовании разработанного закона. Даны рекомендации по совершенствованию систем регулирования возбуждения синхронных генераторов.
Об эффекте Зоммерфельда и скрытых колебаниях в асинхронном электроприводе горных машин
Authors: Ещин Евгений Константинович
Published: March 2023

Рассмотрена возможность возникновения эффекта Зоммерфельда и скрытых колебаний в электромеханических системах самоходных горных машин. Отмечено, что по результату воздействия на механическое передаточное устройство (редуктор) режим пуска асинхронного электродвигателя (АД) прямым включением в сеть эквивалентен работе двигателя в опыте Зоммерфельда с эксцентрично расположенным грузиком при воздействии его на фундамент двигателя. При этом изменения положения корпуса статора АД могут повлечь за собой периодические изменения абсолютной скорости вращения электромагнитного поля статора, что приведет к возникновению во всей электромеханической системе электропривода колебаний, классифицируемых как скрытые (hidden oscillations). В качестве примера рассмотрен режим пуска проходческого комбайна КСП-32. Пример показал, что значения момента инерции корпуса комбайна могут изменяться в зависимости от загрузки углем питателя и скребкового конвейера, это означает необходимость выполнения вариантов численного моделирования для различных моментов инерции. Приведены результаты расчетов. Сделан вывод, что в электромеханических системах самоходных горных машин практически всегда при пусках можно наблюдать проявление эффекта Зоммерфельда и возникновение низкочастотных скрытых колебаний. Теоретическое предсказание этих явлений затруднено и может быть обнаружено путем численного моделирования вариантов режимов работы цифрового двойника горной машины.
Моделирование электропривода с многофункциональным ротором сепаратора полидисперсных жидких систем
Authors: Кашин Яков Михайлович , Копелевич Лев Ефимович , Самородов Александр Валерьевич , Ким Владислав Анатольевич , Колбасин Сергей Игоревич , Мараховский Евгений Александрович
Published: March 2023

Рассмотрено воздействие входных задаваемых факторов на выходные независимые параметры электропривода с многофункциональным ротором сепаратора для полидисперсных жидких систем. Эксперименты проведены с использованием математической модели в MatlabSimulink, их оптимальное количество определено по методу планирования. Установлены оптимальные значения амплитуды и частоты питающего напряжения по критерию максимума КПД и качеству продукта сепарирования с помощью метода идеальной точки. Воздействующие факторы подобраны как независимые друг от друга, диапазоны их варьирования заданы в пределах реальных величин, которые могут встретиться при эксплуатации электропривода с многофункциональным ротором сепаратора полидисперсных жидких систем.
Association of Sleep Duration and Quality With Health-Related Quality of Life in Fresher University Students
Authors: Sharifnezhad Ahmad , Garmabi Maryam , Naderi Fatemeh , Darrudi Fateme , Andishmand Zahra , Gholami Ali
Published: March 2023

Background and Objective Sleep duration and quality are important factors for health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed at investigating the association of sleep duration and quality with HRQoL in fresher students of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences.Methods The study included 471 fresher students. The sleep duration and sleep quality were measured with the Persian version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the HRQoL was evaluated with the Persian version of the 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12). The data were collected from late September to early October in 2019 and 2020. The multiple linear regression model was used to determine the independent association of sleep duration and quality with HRQoL. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results The mean age of the participants was 21.8 ± 6.0 years and the majority of them (62.4%) were female. The total HRQoL score and the prevalence of poor sleep quality were 81.6% and 28.0%, respectively. Among the students, 51.8% and 6.4% reported a sleep duration shorter than 7 hours and equal or more than 9 hours, respectively. The multiple linear regression model showed that excessive sleep duration (≥ 9 h) and sleep quality were associated with Mental Component Summary (MCS) and total HRQoL, respectively (p = 0.036, p = 0.018).Conclusions Referring to the results, enough and quality sleep has beneficial effects on HRQoL in students. Therefore, future strategies should be developed to improve sleep and consequently HRQoL among university students.
Cheyne-Stokes Breathing With an Obstructive Airway During Rapid Eye Movement Sleep
Authors: Ji Ki-Hwan
Published: March 2023

Cheyne-Stokes breathing (CSB) is common in patients with heart failure due to circulation delay and increased chemoreflex instability. CSB usually disappears during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Here, we report a case of a 72-year-old man who had heart failure and other multiple cardiovascular comorbidities with CSB and obstructive sleep apnea. Polysomnography showed typical CSB—central apnea with a pattern of crescendo-decrescendo breathing—during non-REM sleep. However, CSB changed to mixed apnea with a pattern of crescendo-decrescendo breathing during REM sleep.
Medical Students’ Perceived Changes in Life, Mental Health Problems, and Strategies for Coping with Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Hae Won , Yeo Sanghee , An Shinki
Published: March 2023

This study aimed to examine the influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on areas of Korean medical students’ lives, assess concerns, and investigate the strategies they used to cope with stress due to the pandemic. An online survey with a total of 53 items on the impact of COVID-19, concerns, and coping strategies was sent to medical students, and responses were collected from April 27, 2021 to May 30, 2021. In total, 1,329 students were included in the study. Analysis was performed using the chi-square test, independent-sample t-test, and one-way analysis of variance, and the post-hoc Scheffé test or Games-Howell test was performed for multiple comparisons. The main negative impacts of the pandemic were on hobbies/leisure activities and mental health, and medical students expressed the highest levels of concern regarding restriction of movement, returning to everyday life, and risk of infection for family and friends. Female students more strongly agreed that COVID-19 had increased their depressed mood and anxiety (p<0.001 and p=0.003, respectively). Furthermore, the negative impacts of the pandemic on different areas of life significantly affected current levels of depressed mood and anxiety. To cope with pandemic-related stress, students used several strategies such as talking with family or friends (91.5%), sleeping (83.1%), exercising (72.8%), using social networking services (60.8%), drinking alcohol (37.8%), and practicing meditation/mindfulness (24.4%); the effectiveness of these strategies ranged from 3.45 to 4.19 on a 5-point Likert-type scale (1–5). The study findings suggest that COVID-19 has influenced the mental health of medical students and raised concerns in many areas of their lives. Students used various strategies to cope with the pandemic-related stress; since the effectiveness of frequently used approaches varied, it is essential to guide medical students to develop effective coping strategies.
The Public’s Response to Communication between a Terminal Cancer Patient and Physicians: A Qualitative Study of Three Sets of Online News Comments
Authors: Park Song Yi , Park Kyung Hye
Published: March 2023

This study explored the public’s response to an incident involving publicity about how physicians broke bad news to a terminal cancer patient by analyzing 1,960 comments from three online news websites that reported on this event using Braun and Clarke’s theme analysis methods. Three themes and 10 subthemes emerged from the public’s responses to the way the physicians broke the bad news. Theme 1 (a physician is a person who tells the facts) contained the following subthemes: physicians are responsible for delivering facts, but it is a matter of consideration for patients to deliver bad news to them, empathy and consolation should be expected from people other than physicians, and physicians who say what patients want to hear are cheaters. Theme 2 (there is a problem with physicians) included the following subthemes: the physicians’ empathy or personality and problems with their communication methods. Theme 3 (there are obstacles to communication with dying patients) had the following subthemes: physicians become emotionally dull and find it very stressful to break bad news, giving hope to dying patients can lead to medical disputes, and empathy and consolation are also costly. When breaking bad news, the physicians delivered factual information, but they did so inappropriately, and emotional support for the patient was insufficient. In medical communication education, it is necessary to emphasize training in emotional support. In the medical field, an environment should be created where physicians can communicate as they have learned.
DOCÊNCIA E GESTÃO: GESTÃO DEMOCRÁTICA E GESTÃO EMPRESARIAL PARTICIPATIVA
Authors: Oliveira Marques Victor Hugo de
Published: March 2023

Este artigo foi desenvolvido mediante pesquisa bibliográfica e apresenta o significado histórico do conceito de gestão democrática no contexto brasileiro recente, vinculando-o à concepção de exercício da cidadania, e expõe também, os avanços da administração científica no contexto empresarial mundial, com enfoque no modelo de gestão participativa e sua busca de superar os modelos de gestão autoritários, implementando experiências bem sucedidas, pautadas na participação, revelando assim, um diferencial que permite maior competitividade, diante dos novos paradigmas impostos pela realidade atual. Após analisar estas duas realidades, sem fazer analogias, mas, considerando os aspectos positivos vislumbrados e implementados por ambas, identifica-se pontos de diálogo que permitem a troca de saberes, constatando-se que, a partir das ações praticadas na busca da participação e comprometimento efetivo de todos, embora com objetivos diferentes, tanto a gestão e docência democrática, quanto a gestão empresarial participativa, comprometem-se com o desenvolvimento das pessoas, instaurando processos de aprendizagem e contribuem, portanto, para a implantação e fortalecimento desta cultura na sociedade.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EDUCACIONAIS E O PNE: PERCEPÇÕES SOBRE AS METAS 19 E 20 EM UM COLÉGIO ESTADUAL DE GOIÁS
Authors: Jesus Gilmara Barbosa de , Silva Yara Fonseca de Oliveira e , Rebouças Veronise Francisca dos Santos Lima
Published: March 2023

Esse estudo teve como objetivo identificar a percepção dos sujeitos de um Colégio Estadual de Ensino Médio da cidade de Anápolis – GO1 acerca de gestão democrática e financiamento da educação, procurando analisar se está em conformidade com as metas 19 e 20 do Plano Nacional de Educação – PNE 2014/2024, que tratam da gestão democrática e os investimentos públicos em educação. O estudo foi realizado por meio de entrevista com a equipe gestora (diretor e secretária), coordenação e professores. Tendo como suporte metodológico, a revisão de literatura, ou seja, análise de livros, artigos publicados em revistas especializadas e banco de dados publicados na Internet. O aporte teórico fundamentou-se em Aguiar (2018), Dourado (2017), Saviani (2018), Brzezinski (2017) dentre outros. Foi constatado que o financiamento adequado e a gestão democrática tornaram-se premissas fundamentais para a garantia do acesso e permanência dos alunos na Escola. Percebe-se também, vários desafios para que estas metas sejam de fato efetivadas pelo Colégio.
“ELE NÃO VAI JOGAR PORQUE É VIADO!” PROBLEMATIZANDO RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Novais Milla , Santana Eder Luis
Published: March 2023

Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar uma proposta de ação integrativa para aulas de educação física. Sãoelaboradas críticas à tradicional visão de atividades separadas por gêneros e busca-se evidenciar comoessa disciplina é terreno fértil ao debate das questões ligadas a gênero, sexualidade e corporeidades. Alémdisso, a educação física pode ser crucial para o despertar de um posicionamento crítico, desafiador etransgressor diante dos padrões culturalmente estabelecidos e reproduzidos no ambiente escolar. Entende-se aqui a escola como espaço de construção e reprodução de valores sociais, atravessado por relaçõesde poder e saber que perpetuam moldes de dominação de alguns corpos sobre outros. Nesse contexto, ésugerido um olhar baseado na pedagogia engajada de bell hooks (2013), em diálogo com problematizaçõesligadas a gênero, corpo e dominação masculina a partir de Butler (2014), Le Breton (2006), dentre outros.Será descrito como a ação integrativa foi executada em um público-alvo formado por 35 crianças e adolescentesentre 10 e 14 anos que estudam em uma escola municipal de Salvador. Os dados indicam que83% delas consideram que o cenário ideal às aulas está no formato compartilhado entre meninos e meninas,e 77% afirmam ter presenciado algum tipo de preconceito na escola. Além disso, foram coletadasinformações reveladoras de como atos de preconceito foram vivenciados em suas caminhadas escolares. Éreforçado, então, o papel estratégico de docentes com disposição para tornar a educação física um espaço deacolhimento, afeto e formação crítica.