bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Single Pill Indapamide and Perindopril Arginine Combination: Optimal Coupling of Vascular Protection and Hemodynamic Risk Factors Reduction in Patients with Essential Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Borisova E. V. , Kochetkov A. I. , Ostroumova O. D.
Published: April 2019

Objective: to investigate the impact of indapamide / perindopril single-pill combination (I / P SPC) on arterial stiffness parameters, blood pressure (BP) level and BP variability (BPV) in middle-aged patients with stage II grade 1–2 essential arterial hypertension (EAH). Materials and methods. We retrospectively formed a group of patients with stage II grade 1–2 EAH who had not previously received regular antihypertensive therapy (AHT) (n=52, mean age 52.9±6.0 years). All patients were treated with I / P SPC and all of them achieved target office BP level (less than 140 / 90 mm Hg). After 12 weeks of follow-up (from the time of reaching the target BP) assessment of AHT effectiveness (general clinical data, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring [ABPM], volume sphygmography, echocardiography), and vascular stiffness evaluation were performed.Results. At the end of follow-up office systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), pulse BP, day-time, night-time and 24‑hour SBP and DBP significantly (p<0.001 for all) decreased. According to the ABPM data day-time, nighttime, and 24‑hour systolic BPV significantly decreased (p=0.029, p=0.006 and p<0.001, respectively); day-time and 24‑hour diastolic BPV also significantly decreased (p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Day-night standard deviation (SDdn) significantly decreased too (p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively). Volumetric sphygmography showed significant decrease of right cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) (from 8.20±1.29 to 7.58±1.44, p=0.001) and of left CAVI (from 8.13±1.40 to 7.46±1.43, p<0.001), as well as reduction of the number o f patients with a right- and / or left-CAVI >9.0 (from 32.7 to 11.5 %, p=0.018). According to assessment of arterial stiffness using the Vasotens24 software package, the arterial stiffness index (ASI) significantly (p<0.001) decreased from 153.5±29.9 to 138.3±20.0 (by –9.2±13.1 %). Transthoracic echocardiography data demonstrated significant decrease (p<0.001) in effective arterial elastance (from 1.82±0.43 to 1.58±0.36 mm Hg; by –11.85±16.29 %) and significant (p<0.001) increase in the arterial compliance – from 1.27±0.34 to 1.54±0.38 mm Hg / ml (+26.95±38.06 %).Conclusion. In AHT naive patients 40–65 years old with stage II grade 1–2 EAH therapy with I / P SPC provided effective 24‑hour BP control, reduced BPV and improved arterial stiffness parameters.
Infective Endocarditis Causing Native and Prosthetic Heart Valve Dysfunction
Authors: Rogolevich V. V. , Glushkova T. V. , Ponasenko A. V. , Ovcharenko E. A.
Published: April 2019

Infective endocarditis (IE) is the disease that has high inhospital mortality. Heart valves dysfunction – both native and prosthetic – is the primary IE complication requiring a surgical intervention. The IE causes and its course have been discussed in this review. In particular, the role of concomitant infectious foci in the formation and development of IE have been considered, the mechanisms of mutual transition of subacute and acute clinical forms have been described. Modern diagnostic principles and methods based on the Duke criteria system have been mentioned, as well as the difficulties that follow the patient’s clinical status evaluation. The normobiotic microbiota participation, as well as the possibilities for their identification using blood culture and PCR technique, have been closely reviewed. According to modern researches and publications, there have been made the conclusion about the contribution of obligate anaerobic bacteria, fungi and viruses to the development of endocarditis. There have been described the hypothesis about the presumptive strategy for the cardiac dysfunction formation as a result of the IE causative agents cells metabolic activity based on a literature data analysis in the article: vegetation formed by Staphylococcus aureus can lead to the heart valve stenosis, and the influence of hyaluronidases, collagenases on a heart valve structure can lead to regurgitation. The pathogens cells ability to avoid the human immune system response is caused by the biofilms, fibrin vegetations formation and the enzymes production – cytotoxins (streptolysins, leukocidin, etc.). It has been suggested that the mediators of inflammation and leukocyte cells participate in the destruction of native and prosthetic tissues due to an IE pathogens inaccessibility for immunocompetent cells.
Circadian rhythms of thyroid hormones in patients with ischemic heart disease, arterial hypertension, and atrial fibrillation
Authors: Tsareva Yu. O. , Mayskova E. A. , Fedotov E. A. , Shvarts Yu. G.
Published: April 2019

Aim. To evaluate the interrelationship between diurnal changes in thyrotropic hormone (TTH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and clinical features of IHD in combination with AH and atrial fibrillation (AF). Materials and methods. Levels of TTH, FT3, and plasma cortisol were measured in 133 patients with IHD and AH with or without paroxysmal AF. The studied indexes included duration of IHD, AH, and AF; presence or absence of AF and AH; incidence rate of AF episodes per week; severity of exertional angina; systolic and diastolic BP; and EchoCG data. Results. Morning and evening TTH levels were significantly different and reached high values in the morning and low values in the evening in most patients (n=91; 68.4%). A part of patients (n=42; 31.6%) showed an opposite tendency with high TTH values in the evening, i.e., inversion of the TTH fluctuations. Such patients more often had a history of myocardial infarction, a high class of exertional angina, and recurrence of paroxysmal AF. Patients with the TTH inversion had a shorter AH duration but somewhat higher BP. Conclusion. A part of IHD patients had inversed TTH circadian changes associated with more severe clinical manifestations of cardiovascular pathology.
Blood lipids and angina pectoris (by epidemiological cardiological Rose questionnaire) in the population of 25-45 years of Novosibirsk
Authors: Ragino Yu. I. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Denisova D. V. , Kuzminykh N. A. , Yachmeneva M. P. , Voevoda M. I.
Published: April 2019

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of angina pectoris (AP) according to the standardized epidemiological questionnaire of Rose in the population of 25–45 years of Novosibirsk and to identify its association with some lipid and non-lipid risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). Material and methods. Cross-sectional survey of the population aged 25–45 in Novosibirsk was carried out. The study included 1439 people (656 men and 783 women). Within the framework of the complex survey program, the standardized epidemiological questionnaire of Rose (WHO, 1984) was used. Blood levels of total cholesterol (total C), triglycerides (TG), low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL–C, HDL–C) were determinate by biochemical methods. Results. For all lipid indicators, significant differences were found between men and women. The levels of total C, TG and LDL–C were significantly higher, and the level of HDL–C was lower in men, than in women. According to the Rose questionnaire, out of 1439 people included in the study, 12 patients (0.8%) had AP (75% women). In persons with AP, blood levels of TG were 1.8 times higher, and the levels of HDL–C in blood was 1.2 times lower compared to persons without AP. Univariate analysis of associations of AP with CHD risk factors showed that the chance of developing angina pectoris in the population of 25–45 years was significantly increased in individuals with high blood TG levels (OR 3,515, DI 1,106–11,168, p = 0.039) and low HDL–C (OR 1,203, DI 1,054–1,372, p = 0.006). A natural, although statistically not significant (OR 3,165, p=0,055, due to the small number of groups with AP) increasing in the chance of developing AP in hypertension was detected. Conclusion. In the young population of 25–45 years in Novosibirsk, elevated blood levels of TG, reduced levels of HDL–C, and hypertension were associated with AP, according to Rosecardiological questionnaire, which underlines the importance of conducting screening surveys of the young population to improve effective prevention and treatment of diseases.
Autogestión y abandono institucional en el ámbito del fútbol barrial. El caso de Arco Iris y Puerto Moreno, dos clubes de la ciudad de Bariloche, Patagonia Argentina (1975-2018)
Authors: Arancibia Agüero Luciano
Published: April 2019

En este artículo analizamos, en clave comparativa y relacional, la historia de los clubes Puerto Moreno y Arco Iris ubicados en la zona oeste de Bariloche (Argentina). Ambas entidades brindan espacios de contención social a través de la práctica del fútbol a cientos de ninos y jóvenes provenientes de diversos barrios de la ciudad. Indagamos los factores que han facilitado o limitado sus actividades para comprender desde estos casos la lógica local de inclusión/exclusión social en relación con el deporte y el rol ejercido por el Estado. Nuestra hipótesis será afirmar que el desarrollo institucional de los clubes ha sido producto de la iniciativa de los vecinos más que de cualquier tipo de intervención estatal. Planteamos continuidades respecto a la inacción del Estado en su contribución al crecimiento de dichas instituciones y aseguramos que la autogestión de los clubes está ligada a las dificultades para asegurar la provisión de servicios a los barrios periféricos de la ciudad. Para ello, a través de un abordaje microhistórico, nos adentramos en los diversos contextos locales y nacionales desde los anos setenta hasta el 2018.
Muertes invisibles entre jóvenes en la zona sur de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires: reconstrucciones biográficas e itinerarios de la experiencia de familiares y amigos
Authors: Villa Alejandro Marcelo
Published: April 2019

Varias fuentes de datos secundarios y algunos estudios previos destacan la magnitud de los homicidios entre jóvenes en las poblaciones marginalizadas de la zona sur de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Con un enfoque que incorpora las perspectivas de la sociología de la individuación, la antropología de las moralidades y de los procesos psíquicos involucrados en la subjetivación, se realizó un estudio de casos en profundidad, entre los años 2014 y 2016. Se reconstruyó un conjunto de biografías de jóvenes muertos frente a otros jóvenes, con testimonios de familiares, y de jóvenes amigos, de pares muertos. El trabajo se propone profundizar en los diferentes contextos y condiciones de posibilidad de las experiencias de estos actores, en que el proceso de reconstrucción biográfica vinculado a las sociabilidades juveniles, junto al dolor y las vulnerabilidades, tras una muerte, podrían conducir a una crítica social de la naturalización de la violencia entre jóvenes, en la vida cotidiana de los barrios marginalizados.
The Temperature in the Cutting Zone when Applying Deformational Cutting to Form a Hardened Layer
Authors: Vasiliev S.G. , Shulyak Y.I.
Published: April 2019

Deformational cutting is a promising method of increasing wear resistance of friction surfaces by creating a strain hardened surface layer on them. An important factor influencing the deformational cutting process is the temperature in the cutting zone, therefore, it is necessary to obtain calculation formulas for predicting it. In this paper, the temperature change during deformational cutting of non-hardened austenitic steel in order to form a hardened layer was studied in relation to the cutting parameters: cutting depth, feed and cutting speed. Austenitic steel was selected as a promising material for strain hardening by the deformational cutting method. Temperature measurements were carried out using the natural thermocouple method. An empirical formula for calculating the temperature in the cutting zone depending on the cutting parameters was obtained.
Active Shutters of the Internal Combustion Engine Cooling System of a Passenger Car
Authors: Petrov A.P. , Bannikov S.N.
Published: April 2019

The practice of using active shutters in the modern automotive industry is analyzed in this work, and the high efficiency of such systems is emphasized. It is also noted that by using active shutters the aerodynamic drag of the car can be reduced by 6–10 %. The reduction in the engine’s warm-up time provides faster heating of the car interior. All this helps to save fuel and reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. The possibility of utilizing the radiator’s active shutters with two autonomously controlled sections is considered. CFD numerical modelling is used to conduct the research, and the potential of the proposed active shutters design is determined. The research has shown that besides the high efficiency, the proposed shutters system has a simpler design and reliability associated with several factors. Due to the vertical arrangement of the slats, the shutters do not reduce the efficiency of the engine’s cooling system and the air conditioning system in the passenger compartment. Unlike in the existing designs, in the proposed system the cooling air supply is regulated by separate opening or closing of two independent sections.
Analytical techniques for determination of mycotoxins in barley, malt and beer: A review
Authors: Pernica Marek , Piacentini Karim C. , Benešová Karolina , Čáslavský Josef , Běláková Sylvie
Published: April 2019

The increasing interest in defining the content of mycotoxins is related to the development of methods for their determination. Several methods of determination have been published. This paper describes analytical procedures such as (a) sample preparation – sampling and homogenization, (b) extraction and purification – solid phase extraction (SPE), a QuEChERS method (acronymic name from quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe), solid-liquid extraction (SLE) and immuno affinity extraction (IAE). It also provides a review of, (c) instruments, and other analytical methods such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC) with different detectors for determination of mycotoxin in barley, malt and beer are discussed.
Beer dealcoholization using pervaporation
Authors: Halama Radek , Brož Pavel , Izák Pavel , Kačírková Marie , Dientsbier Miroslav , Olšovská Jana
Published: April 2019

This work was aimed at laboratory testing of beer (and model solution) dealcoholization using pervaporation. Four commercially available membranes from the Sulzer company were tested. The modes of performed pervaporation tests were into the vacuum and into the stripping gas (N2). Pervaporation into the vacuum was observed to result in the precipitation of resin-like matter on the membrane permeate side. The performances of individual membranes are discussed in terms of selectivity and pervaporation fluxes.
Kazbek – The First Czech Aroma “Flavor Hops” Variety: Characteristics and Utilization
Authors: Krofta Karel , Patzak Josef , Sedlák Tomáš , Mikyška Alexandr , Štěrba Karel , Jurková Marie
Published: April 2019

The world market of craft beer, especially dry hopped beers, has been constantly growing in the last few years. That is why new varieties of hops are still being bred. This article gives the genetic, agronomic, chemotaxonomic and brewing characteristics of Kazbek, the first “flavor hops” variety bred in the Czech Republic. Kazbek genetically belongs to a group of bitter American hops resulting from Brewers Gold variety, but the alpha acids content is relatively low, 5.0–8.0% by weight. The content of a homologous series of geranyl esters (acetate – propionate – isobutyrate) in an amount 2–4% of total essential oils (1–1.5 g/100g) is considered to be the originator of the specific, mainly citrus-like aroma of Kazbek. Moreover, the essential oil fraction contains about 25 sulfurous substances, predominantly thioesters. In the pilot scale brewing tests, the quality of Kazbek hops was proved both in kettle and dry hopping of Pilsner lagers. The overall sensory impression of kettle hopped lagers was comparable to Saaz hops, the differences were in the character of hop-derived flavor and bitterness. The best results of dry hopped beers were achieved for a 2.5 g/l hop dose and a contact time of 3 days.
Doğal Lif Takviyeli Kompozitlerin Burkulma Davranışına Deniz Suyunun Etkisi
Authors: Öndürücü Ayşe , Muzoğlu Mustafa
Published: April 2019

Bu çalışmada, deniz suyunda bekletilen farklı
istifleme dizilimine sahip doğal lif takviyeli cam elyaf kompozit numunelerin
kritik burkulma yükleri deneysel olarak incelenmiştir. Deneylerin
gerçekleştirilebilmesi için fiber olarak jüt ve cam kumaşlar, matris olarak da
epoksi reçine kullanarak farklı konfigürasyonlarda kompozit malzemeler
üretilmiştir. Takviye ve matris arası yapışma miktarının artırılması için jüt
kumaşlara alkali işlem uygulanmıştır. Kompozit numuneler deniz suyunda ve oda
koşullarında 2 ay (60 gün) boyunca bekletildikten sonra burkulma deneyine tabi
tutulmuşlardır. Deneyler sonucunda elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda, doğal lif
takviyeli kompozit numunelerin kritik burkulma yükleri belirlenmiştir. Yapılan
deneysel çalışma sonucunda, deniz suyunun doğal kompozitlerin burkulma
dayanımını olumsuz yönde etkilediği görülmüştür. Simetrik ve antisimetrik dizilimli
kompozitler karşılaştırıldığında, Akdeniz suyunda bekletilen antisimetrik (02c/902j)as
dizilimli numunelerde meydana gelen kritik burkulma yükünün, (02c/902j)s
simetrik
dizilime sahip numunelere göre daha düşük olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Intelectuais paranaenses e a Escola Nova, durante a Era Vargas (1930-1945)
Authors: Ribeiro Alexandra Ferreira Martins , Vieira Alboni Marisa Dudeque Pianovski
Published: April 2019

Os intelectuais, detentores de linguagem própria, fomentaram mudanças culturais, sociais e econômicas, articuladamente com políticas de governo, e no campo da educação, historicamente, vêm ocupando lugar de destaque. Das mudanças promovidas e disseminadas com o auxílio de intelectuais, destaca-se o projeto de renovação da educação brasileira, inspirado pela pedagogia da Escola Nova. Apesar dos ideais escolanovistas terem ganhado força desde as décadas finais do século XIX, no Brasil, a consolidação da pedagogia da Escola Nova ocorreu durante a década de 30 a meados da década de 40 do século XX, durante a chamada Era Vargas. Assim como no restante do país, o Paraná também teve seus intelectuais que atuaram na promoção dessa renovação. O artigo buscou identificar alguns estudos que voltaram seus olhares para intelectuais paranaenses que atuaram em prol da Escola Nova, no período da Era Vargas (1930-1945). Como objetivos específicos, procurou-se compreender alguns aspectos políticos, econômicos e sociais que ocorreram durante o período da Era Vargas (1930-1945), que se conectaram às mudanças ocorridas na educação, e identificar alguns estudos que pesquisaram intelectuais paranaenses que atuaram nesse contexto. A pesquisa possui caráter bibliográfico, fundamentada nos estudos de Miguel (1997); Gomes e Hansen (2016); e Cabral e Magalhães (2016). A metodologia, denominada estado do conhecimento, foi essencial para identificar estudos que se debruçaram acerca das trajetórias de intelectuais paranaenses. A sistematização do conhecimento produzido acerca das trajetórias dos intelectuais contribuiu para alicerçar novas pesquisas, bem como para identificar agentes que auxiliaram na promoção de mudanças no campo da educação.
Educación superior en Brasil y modalidades de colaboración intercultural – espacio estratégico de construcción de la autodeterminación de los pueblos indígenas
Authors: Aguilera Urquiza Antonio Hilário
Published: April 2019

El presente texto tiene por objetivo presentar una reflexión teórica, a partir de la convivencia con estudiantes indígenas en las licenciaturas específicas y cursos regulares, en las universidades del estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Desde hace tiempo, estos pueblos originarios aceden a la educación superior, pero, en los últimos años, esa presencia es cada vez más significativa. Tenemos, así, una expresiva cantidad de indígenas estudiando grado y posgrado, inseridos en un contexto que provoca inúmeras reflexiones, siendo una de ellas el lugar de los llamados conocimientos tradicionales y las prácticas de colaboración intercultural. Esta relación entre los llamados conocimientos científicos (occidentales, eurocéntricos), y los conocimientos tradicionales serán objetos de estudio teniendo como base el concepto de interculturalidad y de las discusiones de los autores conocidos como poscoloniales. Veremos que las estrategias y modalidades de colaboración intercultural, tienen como meta la construcción de la autonomía y autodeterminación de estos pueblos tradicionales. Todo esto, se presenta como una de las salidas a la superación del que llamamos aquí de universidad monocultural.
Infância YouTuber: problematizando representações de crianças inseridas na cultura de sucesso
Authors: Melo Darcyane Rodrigues de , Guizzo Bianca Salazar
Published: April 2019

O artigo tem como propósito principal problematizar as representações infantis postas em circulação a partir de vídeos postados em canais do YouTube e protagonizados por três youtubers mirins que estiveram, ao longo dos anos de 2017 e 2018, no ranking de mais acessados, com grande índice de visualizações e inscritos. Para empreender as análises, foram selecionados 27 vídeos publicados entre janeiro de 2014 e dezembro de 2017, a partir dos quais foram analisadas as imagens e as falas das crianças youtubers, bem como foram discutidos alguns comentários postados por seus seguidores. A partir do campo teórico dos Estudos Culturais em Educação, de viés pós-estruturalista, as análises centraram-se na discussão do modo como as crianças youtubers propagam e reforçam representações em decorrência das quais podem ser produzidas identidades infantis voltadas à cultura de sucesso, a qualcompreende tanto o status de ser uma criança famosa, considerada uma celebridade, quanto a posição de uma criança empreendedora, que, com o seu próprio ganho financeiro, consegue adquirir bens de consumo e investir na sua carreira de youtuber.
Trace Metals in Water, Sediment and Biota from Ikpukulu-Ama Creek Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Ijeoma Favour Vincent-Akpu , Joshua Okoseimiema Ibifubara
Published: April 2019

The concentrations of trace metals; Lead (Pb), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Cadmium (Cd) were determined in water, sediment and biota (Fish and plankton) from Ikpukulu-ama creek in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. The metals were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrphotometer (AAS 500). Concentrations of metals in water were in the order of Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe, in sediments Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe, in fish Cd<Cu<Pb<Zn<Fe while in plankton the order of concentration were Cd=Pb<Cu<Zn<Fe. The mean concentrations of metals in surface water (mg/L) were 5.2, 0.83, 0.03, 0.46, and 0.01 for Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd respectively, in sediments (mg/g) the values were 16.0, 0.65, 0.09, 0.32, and 0.01 for the same metals. The mean concentrations of metals in fish (mg/g) were Fe (2.96), Zn (1.87), Cu (0.03), Pb (0.08) and Cd (<0.001), while for plankton (mg/L) were Fe (13.2), Zn (2.09), Cu (0.06), Pb (<0.001) and Cd (<0.001). The pollution index in the sediment was low. Trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and biota were below the maximum permissible levels recommended by National standard, but aquatic environment should be monitored regularly to avoid excess intake of metal into the water body.
Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatitis B Virus Infection with High Viral Loads
Authors: Kishida Yutaka
Published: April 2019

Background: Cytokines and chemokines are critical regulators of innate and adaptive immunities during viral infection. We examined innate and adaptive immune responses to hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) at baseline and against controls. Methods: Twenty-seven cytokines were evaluated before treatment in 27 patients with chronic hepatitis C(CHC) [genotype1 (n=20), genotype2 (n=7), HCVRNA 5.72IU/ml] and 12 chronic hepatitis B(CHB) [e-antigen (Ag) (+) (n=5), e-Ag (-) (n=7), HBVDNA 6.191.31Logcopies/ml] and against controls(n=5). Results: Th1 and Th2 cytokines were significantly higher (p<0.05) in CHB than in CHC. The levels of IL-IL10 in CHC and CHB, and IL15 in CHC(genotype2) and CHB were significantly lower (p<0.05) than in controls. The levels of CXCL8 in CHC and CHB, IL12 in CHC and CHB [e-Ag (-)] and CXCL10 in CHC and CHB were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in controls. IFN-γwas higher in CHB than in controls. Conclusion: Cytokines levels differed between CHB and CHC before treatment. Innate immune responses were impaired in CHB with HBeAg(-) and CHC, but not in CHB with HBeAg(+) with high viral loads. Adaptive immune responses were impaired in CHB and CHC and appear to reflect the distinct state of virus-host immune interactions between CHB and CHC.
Rho GTPases – Emerging Regulators of Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health
Authors: Møller Lisbeth L.V. , Klip Amira , Sylow Lykke
Published: April 2019

Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) are key regulators in a number of cellular functions, including actin cytoskeleton remodeling and vesicle traffic. Traditionally, Rho GTPases are studied because of their function in cell migration and cancer, while their roles in metabolism are less documented. However, emerging evidence implicates Rho GTPases as regulators of processes of crucial importance for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Thus, the time is now ripe for reviewing Rho GTPases in the context of metabolic health. Rho GTPase-mediated key processes include the release of insulin from pancreatic β-cells, glucose uptake into skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, and muscle mass regulation. Through the current review, we cast light on the important role of Rho GTPases in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the pancreas and mechanisms by which Rho GTPases act to regulate glucose metabolism in health and disease. We also describe challenges and goals for future research.
Mathematical Modelling to Study the Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Bacteria: Current State of the Field and Recommendations
Authors: Leclerc Quentin J. , Lindsay Jodi A. , Knight Gwenan M.
Published: April 2019

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the greatest public health challenges we are currently facing. To develop effective interventions against this, it is essential to understand the processes behind the spread of AMR. These are partly dependent on the dynamics of horizontal transfer of resistance genes between bacteria, which can occur by conjugation (direct contact), transformation (uptake from the environment) or transduction (mediated by bacteriophages). Mathematical modelling is a powerful tool to investigate the dynamics of AMR, however its application to study the horizontal transfer of AMR genes is currently unclear. In this systematic review, we searched for mathematical modelling studies which focused on horizontal transfer of AMR genes. We compared their aims and methods using a list of predetermined criteria, and utilized our results to assess the current state of this research field. Of the 26 studies we identified, most focused on the transfer of single genes by conjugation in Escherichia coli in culture, and its impact on the bacterial evolutionary dynamics. Our findings highlight the existence of an important research gap on the dynamics of transformation and transduction, and the overall public health implications of horizontal transfer of AMR genes. To further develop this field and improve our ability to control AMR, it is essential that we clarify the structural complexity required to study the dynamics of horizontal gene transfer, which will require cooperation between microbiologists and modellers.
Study on Identification Method of Railway Dynamic Bottleneck Station under Abnormal Conditions
Authors: Qu Zihan , He Shiwei
Published: April 2019

In this paper, the physical station of space network was extended in time dimension by combining the train diagram information and station technical operation standard time. At the same time, the topology of railway space-time network which considered the secondary operation process of train was constructed and an improved A* algorithm based on car flow routing was proposed to generate feasible path sets. On this basis, a dynamic car flow organization optimization model was built to simulate the railway car flow organization process under abnormal conditions, and the results of solving the model could be used to obtain the real-time quantity of cars at each station.This paper can identify the dynamic bottleneck by comparing the real-time quantity of cars with the maximum quantity of cars at the station. Finally, the feasibility of this method was analyzed and verified by a case.
Pengembangan Panduan Mendesain Konten E-Learning pada Platform Totara
Authors: Pratiwi Maharani Eka , Nursetyo Kunto Imbar , Wirasti R.A Murti Kusuma
Published: April 2019

The development research aims to produce a guidelines for designing e-learning content in general and spesific in Totara platform.  The guides are packed in a printed book and leaflet. This guidelines is meant to be used by lecturer in FIP UNJ. This development research is referring to Rowntreeâ€™s model that consists of three major stages; planning; preparation of writing; writing and editing. The evaluation on this  development research was conducted through expert review and face-to-face tryouts. The evaluation involving one subject matter expert, one media expert, and three users. The average value obtainded from the expert review by the subject matter expert was 3,6 overall excellent. The average value obtainded from the expert review by the media expert was 3,1 overall good. In face-to-face tryouts, obtained the average score 3,8 which signifies the overall guidance is excellent and can be used to guide lecturer in designing e-learning content, spesifically in Totara platform.
Peranan Knowledge Management dalam Meningkatkan Keunggulan Kompetitif BTPN Syariah
Authors: Muhammadsjah Anggiearanidipta Suma
Published: April 2019

Knowledge has been recognized as the most difficult resource traded and imitated. The creation and use of knowledge needs to be managed at the level of individuals, groups, and companies. For the Bank itself, knowledge management is not organizing knowledge of their human resources as assets, but also as a key competitive advantage amid the global banking market. This paper discusses how knowledge management will be very beneficial for the BTPN Sharia to maintain a competitive advantage.

Pengetahuan sudah diakui sebagai sumber daya yang paling sulit diperdagangkan dan ditiru. Penciptaan dan penggunaan pengetahuan perlu dikelola dengan baik pada level individu, kelompok, maupun perusahaan. Bagi BTPN Syariah sendiri, manajemen pengetahuan bukan hanya sekedar mengatur pengetahuan sumber daya manusianya sebagai asset, tetapi juga sebagai kunci keunggulan kompetitif ditengah pasar global dunia perbankan. Paper ini membahas bagaimana manajemen pengetahuan akan sangat bermanfaat bagi BTPN Syariah untuk menjaga keunggulan kompetitif.
Identifying appropriate outcomes to help evaluate the impact of the Canadian Guideline for Safe and Effective Use of Opioids for Non-Cancer Pain
Authors: Allen Michael , Sproule Beth , MacDougall Peter , Furlan Andrea , Murphy Laura , Debono Victoria Borg , Buckley Norman
Published: April 2019

Background: The Canadian Guideline for Safe and Effective Use of Opioids for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain (COG) was developed in response to increasing rates of opioid-related hospital visits and deaths in Canada, and uncertain benefits of opioids for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). Following publication, we developed a list of evaluable outcomes to assess the impact of this guideline on practice and patient outcomes.

Methods: A working group at the National Pain Centre at McMaster University used a modified Delphi process to construct a list of clinical and patient outcomes important in assessing the uptake and application of the COG. An advisory group then reviewed this list to determine the relevance and feasibility of each outcome, and identified potential data sources. This feedback was reviewed by the National Faculty for the Guideline, and a National Advisory Group that included the creators of the COG, resulting in the final list of 5 priority outcomes.

Results: Five outcomes were judged clinically important and feasible to measure: 1) Effects of opioids for CNCP on quality of life, 2) Assessment of patient’s risk of addiction before starting opioid therapy, 3) Monitoring patients on opioid therapy for aberrant drug-related behaviour, 4) Mortality rates associated with prescription opioid overdose and 5) Use of treatment agreements with patients before initiating opioid therapy for CNCP. Data sources for these outcomes included patient’s medical charts, e-Opioid Manager, prescription monitoring programs and administrative databases.

Conclusion: Measuring the impact of best practice guidelines is infrequently done. Future research should consider capturing the five outcomes identified in this study to evaluate the impact of the COG in promoting evidence-based use of opioids for CNCP.
Acute and chronic pain in nonverbal children with neurological disorders. Possibilities of diagnosis and treatment. Systematic review
Authors: Andrey V. Diordiev Andrey V. , Ajzenberg V. L.
Published: April 2019

Acute and chronic pain in nonverbal children with severe pathologies of the central nervous system, including infantile cerebral palsy, is the most common and significant problem that is underestimated throughout the life of these patients. The underestimation of the importance of diagnosing pain and its treatment leads to significant damage to their physical, social and mental well-being. Obstacles to the diagnosis and treatment of pain are the uncertainty in the definition of the fact of the presence of acute pain, the degree of its intensity and the lack of reliable tools for assessing the impact of chronic pain on the quality of life of patients with severe neurological diseases. Problems of pain treatment, along with limited experience with the use of analgesics and adjuvants in this category of patients, are also concerns about the legitimacy of the use of certain drugs. In this review, we analyzed the problem of the current state of diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic pain in nonverbal patients with severe neurological pathology and formed the main solutions.
Mapping Irrigation Networks with Geographical Information Systems Using Satelite Imagery Data: A Case of Brebes Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Abdurachman Aulia Azhar , Arsyad Muhammad Fahmi , Abdurahman Edi , Napitupulu Togar Alam , Legowo Nilo
Published: April 2019

Water resources are important factors in food production. Those are very vital and strategic to meet food needs and food security. As water is scarce both in terms of volume and distribution throughout the year, reliable water management is needed. To support this water management, the accurate data is needed. However, the complete tabular data is not enough. It is because the existing tabular data does not provide the various activities and events based on time and place spatially and detail enough for planning purposes at the sub-district level. The researchers use high-resolution satellite imagery data that have been pre-processed with the geometric and radiometric corrections. They are used as one of the layers in the working map, so it is easier to provide the depiction of irrigation network objects, to find out the location of rice fields that have not been irrigated and the location of damaged irrigation networks. The depiction of the working map can also be used to map irrigation networks and their network conditions. Through this work, it has been shown that the researchers can map irrigation networks in detail for operational planning at a sub-district level with the help of technology, in particular for developing countries that is difficult or even impossible to do in the past.
Segmentation of Tuberculosis Bacilli Using Watershed Transformation and Fuzzy C-Means
Authors: Kurniawan Rahadian , Muhimmah Izzati , Kurniawardhani Arrie , Kusumadewi Sri
Published: April 2019

The easily transmitted Tuberculosis (TB) disease is attributed to the fact that Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (MTB) bacteria/viruses can be transmitted through the air. One of the methods to screen the TB disease is by reading sputum slides. Sputum slides are colored sputum samples of TB patients placed on microscopic slides. However, TB disease microscopic analysis has some limitations since it requires high accuracy reading and well-trained health personnel to avoid errors in the process of interpretation. Furthermore, the number of TB patients in the Primary Health Care (PHC) and the process of manual calculation of bacteria in a field of view often complicate the decision-making in the screening process conducted by the medical staffs. In this paper, the researchers propose the use of Watershed Transformation and Fuzzy C-Means combination to help solve the problem. The researchers collect the photo shooting of three PHC in Indonesia with 55 images of sputum from different TB patients. The assessed results of the proposed method are compared with the opinions of three Microbiology doctors. The comparison shows Cohen’s Kappa Coefficient value of 0.838. It suggests that the proposed method can detect Acid Resistant Bacteria (ARB) although it needs some improvement to achieve higher accuracy.
Expatriates Perceptions toward Hofstede’s Indonesia Cultural Dimensions
Authors: Irawan Damar Aji
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this research was to explore the experiences of expatriates in Indonesia, related to Hofstede’s Indonesia cultural dimensions. This study applied a phenomenological qualitative study and used purposive sampling to select the participants. Data were gathered using the semi-structured interview with appointments set before the meeting. The interviews were conducted on an individual basis and were recorded. Then, the data were transcribed and analyzed through coding and categorizing until sets of themes occurred. The results show that the majority of participants agree Indonesia has collectivism and low uncertainty avoidance culture. Meanwhile, the expatriates’ experiences toward high power distance dimension in Indonesia vary.
EU NAVEGO, TU NAVEGAS E NÓS DEVERÍAMOS ESTAR TRABALHANDO: UM ESTUDO NETNOGRÁFICO DA MANIFESTAÇÃO DO CYBERLOAFING NAS INTERAÇÕES SOCIAIS ONLINE
Authors: Giudice da Silva Cezar Bibiana , Benedetti Corso Kathiane
Published: April 2019

Em um contexto organizacional cada vez mais digital e tecnológico, pode-se perceber de maneira recorrente o cyberloafing: o uso das TICs no âmbito laboral para fins pessoais, não pertinentes ao trabalho. Esse fenômeno pode ser exemplificado em diversas práticas, em especial, o acesso a redes sociais virtuais no ambiente de trabalho para fins não profissionais. O objetivo geral da presente pesquisa foi compreender o cyberloafing através do engajamento nas interações online entre usuários da rede social virtual Reddit. Para tal, realizou-se uma netnografia de abordagem qualitativa mediante imersão na comunidade Reddit r/brasil. Procedeu-se a uma análise documental, reunindo conteúdo produzido pelos membros da comunidade sem interferência das pesquisadoras, e a uma observação participante, realizando comentários ou postagens que incentivassem o(s) informante(s) a se manifestar sobre suas experiências de cyberloafing. Consideraram-se como manifestações os relatos específicos sobre o fenômeno ou acerca de qualquer outra questão relacionada. Verificou-se uma grande frequência de práticas de cyberloafing grave, além de manifestações acerca de antecedentes organizacionais e individuais. Apesar de se identificar consequentes positivos, os consequentes negativos sobressaíram. Quanto aos posicionamentos organizacionais em relação ao uso pessoal de TICs, identificaram-se o restritivo e o permissivo. Verificaram-se, em maior número, manifestações de estratégias ou medidas de controle coercitivas. Considera-se que a pesquisa traz consigo relevância visto que apresenta o cyberloafing de maneira ampla, manifestado espontaneamente por seus praticantes, em um ambiente virtual favorável para a ocorrência do fenômeno.
How has urban water metabolism been communicated? Perspectives from the USA, Europe and Australia
Authors: King S. , Kenway S. K. , Renouf M. A.
Published: April 2019

Urban metabolism is increasingly being adopted to guide city planning towards improved water, energy and material efficiency. Stakeholder participation in the adoption of this concept will be important, and hence effective communication will be crucial. This study aimed to determine how urban metabolism has been communicated and interpreted, with attention to water. The approach included (i) literature review, (ii) structured international interviews and (iii) thematic analysis. We demonstrate how diverse language, metaphors, methods, visual imagery, data and information have been used to communicate this complex topic. Maps, Sankey diagrams, concept figures, spider diagrams, pictorial flow diagrams, art, and animation have all been used. We observe barriers to communication in order to understand the communication techniques which may be effective, and clarify issues relating to awareness and target audiences. We include a discussion of the themes that emerged from the research that are relevant for integrated water planning and the power of visual imagery. Inconsistent language is influenced by widely different overarching metaphors which range from ‘organism’ to ‘ecosystem’ metabolism. Fragmented data are a major gap for shared understanding. The research provides new understanding of how stakeholders perceive urban water metabolism and its relationship to Integrated urban water management.
Treatment with Radix Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae Significantly Decreases the Expression of E6 and L1, and Increases the Expression of p53 and Rb in HPV18-infected Human Foreskin Keratinocytes
Authors: He Xiang , He Xufeng , Xu Ping , Yang Lili , Ma Xin , Li Wen , Zhang Huimin
Published: April 2019

Background:

Radix Euphorbiae Ebracteolatae (REE) was recently reported to be significantly superior to vitamin A acid ointment in treating multiple plantar warts. However, the effects of REE on HPV18 remain unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the effects of REE on the proliferation of HPV18, and explore possible molecular mechanisms underlying the effects.

Methods:

HFK and HFK-HPV18 were treated with water-extracted single or compound REE, ethanol-extracted single or compound REE, TNF-α and IFN for 3 days, respectively. In addition, the organotypic rafts containing HFK-HPV18 and HFK were treated with REE, IFN and TNF-α for 7 days, respectively. Cell proliferation rates were measured with Brdu. mRNA expression of E6, L1, p53 and Rb was detected by qPCR. Protein expression of p53, Rb and L1 was detected by Western blot.

Results:

Compared to HFK group, HFK-HPV18 group had significantly higher expression of E6 and L1. Compared to the control group, HFK-HPV18 treated with REE, TNF-α and IFN displayed significantly lower proliferation rates. The mRNA expression of E6 was markedly lower, and mRNA expression of p53 and Rb was significantly higher after treatment of REE in HFK-HPV18 or in organotypic rafts containing HFK-HPV18. Treatment with REE markedly increased the protein expression of p53 and Rb, and decreased the protein expression of L1 in HFK-HPV18 or in organotypic rafts containing HFK-HPV18. Among all formula of REE, the inhibition of proliferation rates and expression of E6 and L1, and the increase in expression of p53 and Rb in HFK-HPV18 was highest in ethanol-extracted compound REE group.

Conclusions:

The proliferation rates are significantly lower in HFK-HPV18 treated with REE. The expression of E6 and L1 is markedly lower, and expression of p53 and Rb is significantly higher after REE treatment in HFK-HPV18 or organotypic rafts containing HFK-HPV18. Among all formula of REE, ethanol-extracted compound REE displays the highest protection against HPV18.
Arterial Stiffness, Cognitive Dysfunction and Adherence to Antihypertensive Agents. Is there a Link to Hypertensive Patients?
Authors: Kalaitzidis Rigas G. , Panagiotopoulou Thalia , Stagikas Dimitrios , Pappas Kosmas , Balafa Olga , Elisaf Moses S.
Published: April 2019

:

The incidence of hypertension (HTN) and its cardiovascular (CV) complications are increasing throughout the world. Blood pressure (BP) control remains unsatisfactory worldwide. Medical inertia and poor adherence to treatment are among the factors that can partially explain, why BP control rate remains low. The introduction of a method for measuring the degree of adherence to a given medication is now a prerequisite. Complex treatment regimes, inadequate tolerance and frequent replacements of pharmaceutical formulations are the most common causes of poor adherence. In contrast, the use of stable combinations of antihypertensive drugs leads to improved patient adherence.

:

We aim to review the relationships between arterial stiffness, cognitive function and adherence to medication in patients with HTN.

:

Large artery stiffening can lead to HTN. In turn, arterial stiffness induced by HTN is associated with an increased CV and stroke risk. In addition, HTN can induce disorders of brain microcirculation resulting in cognitive dysfunction. Interestingly, memory cognitive dysfunction leads to a reduced adherence to drug treatment. Compliance with antihypertensive treatment improves BP control and arterial stiffness indices. Early treatment of arterial stiffness is strongly recommended for enhanced cognitive function and increased adherence.
Testing an Ectoin Containing Emollient for Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Hon Kam Lun , Kung Jeng Sum , Ng Wing Gi Gigi , Leung Ting Fan
Published: April 2019

Aim:

To describe the methodology in studying patient’s acceptability and efficacy of an
ectoin containing emollient for atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods:

We described the methodology that we used in studying emollients and moisturisers, and
patient acceptability of a group of AD patients before and following usage of an ectoin-containing
proprietary emollient. These data were also compared with other brand emollients that we previously
reported, namely Restoradom®, Ezerra® and Ezerra plus®.

Results:

30 subjects (50% Male, Mean (SD) age: 9.8 (3.6) years with AD used the trial emollient
W for four weeks. AD severity of subjects (by objective SCORAD) was moderate (n=22) and severe
(n=8). Compliance was good and patients generally managed to use the moisturisers daily,
with individual reports of a ‘tingly’ sensation by some subjects when applied to inflamed wounds.
63% reported “very good” or “good”, whereas 37% reported “fair” or “poor” acceptability of the
moisturisers. Following use of the trial emollient, area affected, disease intensity and severity significantly
improved, as demonstrated in objective SCORAD (p=0.002). There were also significant
improvements in POEM (p=0.035), and PADQLQ scores (p=0.017). For skin measurements, only
transepidermal water loss had improved (p=0.035) after the treatment. There was no significant improvement
of itch or sleep scores, skin hydration, pH, S. aureus colonization status, or need for use
of topical medications. When compared with historical data of other emollients, the mean age of patients
on emollient W was younger; efficacy and acceptability among these emollients were similar.

Conclusions:

Methodology of emollient research is described. Doctors should provide evidencebased
information about the efficacy of emollients. The ectoin-containing proprietary emollient
improves disease and quality of life following its use in 4 weeks. Efficacy and acceptability are
similar among 4 proprietary emollients.