bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A resource competition-based truthful mechanism for IoV edge computing resource allocation with a lowest revenue limit
Authors: Zhang Jixian , Wang Zhemin , Vasilakos Athanasios V. , Li Weidong
Published: January 2024

Resource allocation in Internet of Vehicles (IoV) edge computing is currently a research hotspot. Existing studies focus on social welfare or revenue maximization. However, there is little research on lowest revenue guarantees, which is a problem of great concern to resource providers. This paper presents the innovative concept of the lowest revenue limit, which enables service providers to preset the revenue B and calculate whether the preset revenue can be achieved under the current supply and demand of resources through mechanism design. This approach is very friendly to service providers and can prevent low revenue and waste of resources. Specifically, we improved the ascending price auction mechanism so that it can be used for multi-resource allocation, the unit prices of different resources are calculated according to the intensity of competition among users, and the winning users and the payment are determined by eliminating users with low cost performance. Our mechanism is not sensitive to resource capacity, works well under deployment constraints in edge computing, and satisfies economic characteristics such as individual rationality and truthfulness. Compared with existing algorithms, our approach is shown to enable the service provider to obtain a higher revenue under a lower resource utilization.
Comparing maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods for fitting hidden Markov models to multi-state capture-recapture data of invasive carp in the Illinois River
Authors: Labuzzetta Charles J. , Coulter Alison A. , Erickson Richard A.
Published: January 2024

Background

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are often used to model multi-state capture-recapture data in ecology. However, a variety of HMM modeling approaches and software exist, including both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The diversity of these methods obscures the underlying HMM and can exaggerate minor differences in parameterization.

Methods

In this paper, we describe a general framework for modelling multi-state capture-recapture data via HMMs using both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. We then apply an HMM to invasive silver carp telemetry data from the Illinois River and compare the results estimated by both methods.

Results

Our analysis demonstrates disadvantages of relying on a single approach and highlights insights obtained from implementing both methods together. While both methods often struggled to converge, our results show biologically informative priors for Bayesian methods and initial values for maximum likelihood methods can guide convergence toward realistic solutions. Incorporating prior knowledge of the system can successfully constrain estimation to biologically realistic movement and detection probabilities when dealing with sparse data.

Conclusions

Biologically unrealistic estimates may be a sign of poor model convergence. In contrast, consistent convergence behavior across approaches can increase the credibility of a model. Estimates of movement probabilities can strongly influence the predicted population dynamics of a system. Therefore, thoroughly assessing results from HMMs is important when evaluating potential management strategies, particularly for invasive species.
A giant liposarcoma originating from peripancreatic fat tissue with identification using 3D-CT angiography: a case report
Authors: Narita Kiyoshi , Kaneko Hiroshi , Hasegawa Fumiya , Akao Nozomi , Kusafuka Tomoki , Desaki Ryosuke , Ogura Masaomi , Hamada Takashi , Asakawa Kana , Murata Tetsuya
Published: January 2024

Background

Liposarcoma originating from peripancreatic fat tissue is extremely rare. This case report presents a surgical case of a giant liposarcoma originating from peripancreatic fat tissue with origin identification using 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography Angiography (3D-CTA).

Case presentation

A 59-year-old female was referred to our hospital with a giant abdominal tumor. Computed tomography revealed a 34 cm tumor composed of fatty tissue, exerting pressure on the posterior aspect of the pancreas. Suspecting liposarcoma, we planned for surgery. At first, the tumor appeared to be intra-abdominal tumor, based on the identification of the tumor’s feeding artery as a branch of the dorsal pancreatic artery using 3D-CTA, we concluded that the liposarcoma originated from the peripancreatic fat tissue and situated in the retroperitoneum. During surgery, we observed a well-capsulated, elastic, yellowish mass without infiltration into surrounding tissues. We carefully dissected the tumor from the greater omentum and transverse mesocolon while preserving the tumor capsule. We ligated the feeding artery at the border with the pancreatic parenchyma and successfully completed the excision of the tumor. The resected specimen weighted 2620 g and was pathologically diagnosed as a well-differentiated liposarcoma. There was no injury to the tumor’s capsule, and the surgical margins were negative.

Conclusions

In this report, we present an extremely rare case of a liposarcoma originating in the peripancreatic fat tissue. The use of 3D-CTA was instrumental in identifying the primary site of this giant tumor, enabling us to guide the surgery and achieve complete resection successfully.
Gallbladder hemorrhage associated with segmental arterial mediolysis: a case report
Authors: Hirose Yuichi , Tajima Yusuke , Sakata Hiroki , Uekusa Toshimasa , Kamada Kentaro , Ikehara Takashi , Matsuda Izuru , Yoneyama Satomi , Hidemura Akio , Suzuki Hiroyuki
Published: January 2024

Background

Gallbladder hemorrhage is a rare but fatal condition. The reported causes of gallbladder hemorrhage include iatrogenesis, atherosclerotic changes in the cystic arteries, acute cholecystitis or cholelithiasis, malignancy, trauma, hemophilia, pseudoaneurysm, and the use of oral anticoagulant medications. Recently, segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) has been reported as a possible etiology of life-threatening abdominal, retroperitoneal, and intracranial hemorrhages. However, no previous reports have described the association between gallbladder hemorrhage and SAM.

Case presentation

A 59-year-old man was transferred to our hospital complaining of upper abdominal pain and vomiting. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed high-density images of the gallbladder and common bile duct. However, there were no obvious findings of gallstones, cholecystitis, tumors, or aneurysms. He was diagnosed with gallbladder hemorrhage and bile duct obstruction. We performed a laparoscopic cholecystectomy after endoscopic biliary drainage. The gross appearance of the surgically resected specimen showed 12 small (3–12 mm), slightly elevated lesions on the gallbladder mucosa. Histologically, these slightly elevated lesions consisted of dilated muscular arteries of the gallbladder wall with fibrinoid degeneration of the media and focal loss of the internal and external elastic laminae. The histopathological diagnosis was confirmed as SAM.

Conclusions

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a gallbladder hemorrhage associated with SAM. Our case report shows that SAM can cause gallbladder hemorrhage, suggesting that SAM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gallbladder hemorrhage.
Interaction of Biomechanical, Anthropometric, and Demographic Factors Associated with Patellofemoral Pain in Rearfoot Strike Runners: A Classification and Regression Tree Approach
Authors: de Souza Júnior José Roberto , Gaudette Logan Walter , Johnson Caleb D. , Matheus João Paulo Chieregato , Lemos Thiago Vilela , Davis Irene S. , Tenforde Adam S.
Published: January 2024

Background

Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is among the most common injuries in runners. While multiple risk factors for patellofemoral pain have been investigated, the interactions of variables contributing to this condition have not been explored. This study aimed to classify runners with patellofemoral pain using a combination of factors including biomechanical, anthropometric, and demographic factors through a Classification and Regression Tree analysis.

Results

Thirty-eight runners with PFP and 38 healthy controls (CON) were selected with mean (standard deviation) age 33 (16) years old and body mass index 22.3 (2.6) kg/m2. Each ran at self-selected speed, but no between-group difference was identified (PFP = 2.54 (0.2) m/s x CON = 2.55 (0.1) m/s, P = .660). Runners with patellofemoral pain had different patterns of interactions involving braking ground reaction force impulse, contact time, vertical average loading rate, and age. The classification and regression tree model classified 84.2% of runners with patellofemoral pain, and 78.9% of healthy controls. The prevalence ratios ranged from 0.06 (95% confidence interval: 0.02–0.23) to 9.86 (95% confidence interval: 1.16–83.34). The strongest model identified runners with patellofemoral pain as having higher braking ground reaction force impulse, lower contact times, higher vertical average loading rate, and older age. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated high accuracy at 0.83 (95% confidence interval: 0.74–0.93; standard error: 0.04; P < .001).

Conclusions

The classification and regression tree model identified an influence of multiple factors associated with patellofemoral pain in runners. Future studies may clarify whether addressing modifiable biomechanical factors may address this form of injury.
Applying task supported language learning via instagram: the effects on EFL learners' self-esteem, academic buoyancy, academic engagement, and language achievement
Authors: Ibrahim Khaled Ahmed Abdel-Al , Basim Nirvana
Published: January 2024

Researchers have firm reason to unlock the potential of social networking technologies today because of the rapid development of these platforms, which may be used to enhance educational outcomes. Despite the widespread recognition of social media's influence on the second/foreign language learning process, few empirical research has attempted to find out how Instagram feed-based tasks impact learning and supported self-esteem, academic buoyancy (AB), academic engagement (AE), and language achievement (LA). In order to address this knowledge gap, the present study investigated how Instagram feed-based assignments may be used to improve self-esteem, AB, AE, and LA for EFL students. This was accomplished by randomly assigning participants into two groups (experimental and control) from a pool of 93 intermediate EFL students. Students in the control group (CG) participated in online webinars on a consistent basis. Students in the experimental group (EG) took part online webinars. Moreover, they were given assignments based on Instagram feeds. The Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) of the data showed that the EG fared better than the CG. The findings underlined the substantial benefits of Instagram feed-based activities in promoting self-esteem, AB, AE, and LA. Possibilities for future use of Instagram task supported language learning and teaching may arise as a result of this study's implications for students, educators, and policymakers.
Cartilage-like protein-polysaccharide hybrid hydrogel for enhancing chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Zhang Xinyue , Zhan Xue , Cheng Haojin , Dong Zuqin , Hu Chen , Liu Chenxin , Liang Jie , Chen Yafang , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong
Published: January 2024

The regeneration of articular cartilage posed a formidable challenge due to the restricted treatment efficacy of existing therapies. Scaffold-based tissue engineering emerges as a promising avenue for cartilage reconstitution. However, most scaffolds exhibit inadequate mechanical characteristics, poor biocompatibility, or absent cell adhesion sites. In this study, cartilage-like protein-polysaccharide hybrid hydrogel based on DOPA-modified hyaluronic acid, bovine type I collagen (Col I), and recombinant humanized type II collagen (rhCol II), denoted as HDCR. HDCR hydrogels possessed the advantage of injectability and in situ crosslinking through pH adjustment. Moreover, HDCR hydrogels exhibited a manipulable degradation rate and favorable biocompatibility. Notably, HDCR hydrogels significantly induced chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro, as demonstrated by the upregulation of crucial chondrogenic genes (type II collagen, aggrecan) and the abundant accumulation of glycosaminoglycan. This approach presented a strategy to manufacture injectable, biodegradable scaffolds based on cartilage-like protein-polysaccharide polymers, offering a minimally invasive solution for cartilage repair.

Graphical abstract
MTHFR (C677T) polymorphism and its association with cytogenetic and clinical profile in individuals with primary amenorrhea
Authors: Sanghavi Priyanka M. , Chandel Divya
Published: January 2024

Background

Abnormal folate metabolism is a risk factor for DNA hypomethylation and chromosomal nondisjunction. MTHFR is a candidate gene for folliculogenesis and ovarian development. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the distribution of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in individuals with primary amenorrhea and it’s association with the cytogenetic and clinical profile. The MTHFR polymorphism (C677T) was checked in 45 females with PA and 45 control females (age-matched) with regular menstrual cycles using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results

We observed the CC genotype in 84.4% (n = 38) of the control group females and 48.9% (n = 22) of the case group females, CT genotype in 13.3% (n = 6) in the control group females and 24.4% (n = 11) in the case group females (p = 0.039; χ2 value 4.253; odd ratio 0.316, 95%CI 0.103–0.973) and TT genotype in 2.2% (n = 1) in the control group females and 26.7% (n = 12) in the case group females (p = 0.000266; χ2 value 13.294; odd ratio 0.048, 95%CI 0.006–0.397). Out of 45 case group females, 26 females showed 46,XX karyotype, 4 females showed male karyotype, 3 females showed pure Turner karyotype, 2 females were mosaic Turner and the rest of the females showed structural abnormalities like deletion, isochromosome and normal variants. The serum values revealed significantly lower levels (p = 0.032) of progesterone in the individuals with the TT genotype as compared to the CC genotype and the radiology profile showed a significant role of the MTHFR gene in ovarian development (p = 0.024).

Conclusion

We suggest that the MTHFR polymorphism (C677T) might be responsible for the chromosomal nondisjunction in monosomy X females. It also influences the progesterone level and ovarian development, thus affecting folliculogenesis and the ovarian reserve responsible for primary amenorrhea.
Differentiating multiple sclerosis from cerebral small vessel disease using diffusion tensor imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy on normally appearing thalami
Authors: elsalam Sahar Mahmoud Abd , Salah Soheir , Said Ahmed Hesham , Hussein Mona , Magdy Rehab , Osama Wesam
Published: January 2024

Background

Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) can detect the microstructural changes in normal-appearing conventional MRI. So, they may differentiate between multiple sclerosis (MS) cases and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). This work aimed to investigate if MRS and DTI are helpful in differentiating between MS and CSVD cases.

Methods

The study was conducted on 90 subjects divided into three groups: 30 relapsing–remitting MS patients, 30 patients with MRI showing CSVD, and 30 healthy controls. Diffusion tensor imaging measuring thalamic FA, ADC values, and 1H-MRS were conducted on patients and controls.

Results

Thalamic FA values were significantly higher in the RRMS group than in the control and CSVD groups (P < 0.001, for each) but significantly lower in the CSVD group than the control group (P < 0.001). Moreover, thalamic ADC values were significantly higher in the CSVD group than in the control and MS groups (P < 0.001, for each). Also, thalamic NAA values were significantly lower in RRMS and CSVD groups than in controls (P < 0.001 for each). Still, they were significantly lower in the RRMS group than the CSVD group only on the left side (P = 0.004). The thalamic NAA/Cr values were significantly lower in RRMS (P < 0.001 for both sides) and CVSD than in controls (P = 0.044 and 0.036, for RT and LT sides, respectively).

Conclusions

Thalamic DTI and 1H-MRS can help detect the microstructural changes in normal-appearing thalami in RRMS and CSVD patients. Moreover, they can help differentiate MS from CSVD patients.
Structural optimization and performance improvement of rock drill seals based on orthogonal test
Authors: Jia Chunqiang , Wang Aofei , Zong Li , Yu Ling
Published: January 2024

The drill tail of a rock drill meets high-frequency fretting in both the rotational and axial axes. The pure water seal is prone to damage and failure owing to its difficult working features and the low viscosity of the water medium. Orthogonal testing is used to simulate and model the Y-shaped seal ring to enhance the performance of the water seal. The maximum contact stress and maximum Von Mises stress are selected as indicators of sealing effectiveness based on an assessment of the effects of different seal section parameters on sealing performance. These insights serve to improve the building of the water seal. Maximum contact stress is demonstrated to be linked to lip thickness and chamfer length, but inversely proportional to lip length. Meanwhile, the maximum Von Mises stress is directly influenced by lip depth, including the angle of the lip and drill tail, and is inversely linked to lip thickness. Maximum contact stress and maximum Von Mises stress are lowered by 15% and 45%, respectively, in the revised Y-shaped water seal, resulting in greatly better sealing performance.
Disparities in National Cancer Institute and Nonprofit Organization Funding Disproportionately Affect Cancers With Higher Incidence Among Black Patients and Higher Mortality Rates
Authors: Kamath Suneel D. , Chen Yanwen
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE

National Cancer Institute (NCI) and nonprofit organization (NPO) funding is critical for research and advocacy but may not be equitable across cancers.

METHODS

This study evaluated funding from the NCI and NPOs supporting lung, breast, colorectal, pancreatic, hepatobiliary, prostate, ovarian, cervical and endometrial cancers, leukemia, lymphoma, and melanoma from 2015 to 2018. The primary objectives were to assess for funding disparities across different cancers compared with their incidence and mortality and across racial groups. We also determined if underfunding correlates with fewer clinical trials. Correlations between funding for each cancer and its incidence, mortality, and number of clinical trials were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficients (CCs).

RESULTS

Diseases with the largest combined NCI and NPO funding were breast cancer ($3.75 billion in US dollars [USD]) and leukemia ($1.99 billion USD). Those with the least funding were endometrial ($94 million USD), cervical ($292 million USD), and hepatobiliary cancers ($348 million USD). Disease-specific funding correlated well with incidence but correlated poorly with mortality (Pearson CCs, 0.74; P = .006 and .30, P = .346, respectively). Breast cancer, leukemia, and lymphoma were well-funded while colorectal, lung, hepatobiliary and uterine cancers were underfunded. Higher incidence among Black patients correlated with underfunding. The amount of funding for a particular cancer correlated strongly with the number of clinical trials for that disease (Pearson CC, 0.91; P < .0001).

CONCLUSION

Many cancers with high incidence and mortality rates are underfunded. Cancers that affect Black patients at higher rates are also underfunded. Underfunding strongly correlates with fewer clinical trials, which could impede future advances in underfunded cancers.
Costs to Medicare of Nonrecommended Bone-Modifying Agent Use for Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mitchell Aaron P. , Nemirovsky David , Mishra Meza Akriti , Chakraborty Nirjhar , Persaud Sonia , Farooki Azeez , Morris Michael J.
Published: January 2024

PURPOSE

Bone-modifying agents (BMAs) do not prevent skeletal-related events among patients with castration-sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC), but many patients receive BMAs unnecessarily. The costs to Medicare from overuse have not been assessed.

METHODS

We used linked SEER-Medicare data 2011-2015 to measure the frequency and number of doses of zoledronic acid (ZA) and denosumab received during CSPC (between diagnosis and initiation of metastatic, castration resistant prostate cancer therapy). We estimated excess BMA among patients who received BMA therapy for CSPC and did not have an indication for osteoporosis fracture prevention. We used the Medicare fee schedule for drug prices and peer-reviewed sources to estimate adverse event frequencies and costs.

RESULTS

Median CSPC duration was 387 days (IQR, 253-573), during which time 42% of patients received ≥one dose of denosumab (mean doses, 7) and 18% received ≥one dose of ZA (mean doses, 7). Thirty-eight percent of those receiving denosumab and 47% of those receiving ZA had a history of osteoporosis, osteopenia, spine or hip fracture, or hypercalcemia. The estimated, annual excess BMA cost to Medicare was $44,105,041 in US dollars (USD), composed of $43,303,078 USD and $45,512 USD in drug costs for denosumab and ZA, respectively, and $682,865 USD and $75,585 USD in adverse event costs, respectively. In one-way sensitivity analysis, the estimate was most sensitive to denosumab dosing frequency (estimate range, $28,469,237 USD-$98,830,351 USD) and duration of CSPC (estimate range, $36,823,311 USD-$99,015,908 USD).

CONCLUSION

BMA overuse in CSPC incurs substantial cost to Medicare, largely because of denosumab drug costs. Excess costs may be reduced by greater adherence to guideline-concordant BMA use.
The Coloniality of the Secular
Authors: Yountae An
Published: January 2024

In The Coloniality of the Secular, An Yountae investigates the collusive ties between the modern concepts of the secular, religion, race, and coloniality in the Americas. Drawing on the work of Édouard Glissant, Frantz Fanon, Aimé Césaire, Sylvia Wynter, and Enrique Dussel, An maps the intersections of revolutionary non-Western thought with religious ideas to show how decoloniality redefines the sacred as an integral part of its liberation vision. He examines these thinkers’ rejection of colonial religions and interrogates the narrow conception of religion that confines it within colonial power structures. An explores decoloniality’s conception of the sacred in relation to revolutionary violence, gender, creolization, and racial phenomenology, demonstrating its potential for reshaping religious paradigms. Pointing out that the secular has been pivotal to regulating racial hierarchies under colonialism, he advocates for a broader understanding of religion that captures the fundamental ideas that drive decolonial thinking. By examining how decolonial theory incorporates the sacred into its vision of liberation, An invites readers to rethink the transformative power of decoloniality and religion to build a hopeful future.
An Archive of Possibilities
Authors: Niehuus Rachel Marie
Published: January 2024

In An Archive of Possibilities, anthropologist and surgeon Rachel Marie Niehuus explores possibilities of healing and repair in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo against a backdrop of 250 years of Black displacement, enslavement, death, and chronic war. Niehuus argues that in a context in which violence characterizes everyday life, Congolese have developed innovative and imaginative ways to live amid and mend from repetitive harm. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork and the Black critical theory of Achille Mbembe, Christina Sharpe, Alexis Pauline Gumbs and others, Niehuus explores the renegotiation of relationships with land as a form of public healing, the affective experience of living in insecurity, the hospital as a site for the socialization of pain, the possibility of necropolitical healing, and the uses of prophesy to create collective futures. By considering the radical nature of cohabitating with violence, Niehuus demonstrates that Congolese practices of healing imagine and articulate alternative ways of living in a global regime of antiblackness.
Environmental impact on visual perception modulates behavioral responses of schooling fish to looming predators
Authors: Rodriguez-Pinto Ivan I. , Rieucau Guillaume , Handegard Nils Olav , Boswell Kevin M. , Theobald Jamie C.
Published: January 2024

Aggregation in social fishes has evolved to improve safety from predators. The individual interaction mechanisms that govern collective behavior are determined by the sensory systems that translate environmental information into behavior. In dynamic environments, shifts in conditions impede effective visual sensory perception in fish schools, and may induce changes in the collective response. Here, we consider whether environmental conditions that affect visual contrast modulate the collective response of schools to looming predators. By using a virtual environment to simulate four contrast levels, we tested whether the collective state of minnow fish schools was modified in response to a looming optical stimulus. Our results indicate that fish swam slower and were less polarized in lower contrast conditions. Additionally, schooling metrics known to be regulated by non-visual sensory systems tended to correlate better when contrast decreased. Over the course of the escape response, schools remained tightly formed and retained the capability of transferring social information. We propose that when visual perception is compromised, the interaction rules governing collective behavior are likely to be modified to prioritize ancillary sensory information crucial to maximizing chance of escape. Our results imply that multiple sensory systems can integrate to control collective behavior in environments with unreliable visual information.
Cardiovascular responses and the role of the neurohumoral cardiac regulation during digestion in the herbivorous lizard Iguana iguana
Authors: Guagnoni Igor Noll , Armelin Vinicius Araújo , da Silva Braga Victor Hugo , Monteiro Diana Amaral , Florindo Luiz Henrique
Published: January 2024

Carnivorous reptiles exhibit an intense metabolic increment during digestion, which is accompanied by several cardiovascular adjustments responsible for meeting the physiological demands of the gastrointestinal system. Postprandial tachycardia, a well-documented phenomenon in these animals, is mediated by the withdrawal of vagal tone associated with the chronotropic effects of non-adrenergic and non-cholinergic (NANC) factors. However, herbivorous reptiles exhibit a modest metabolic increment during digestion and there is no information about postprandial cardiovascular adjustments. Considering the significant impact of feeding characteristics on physiological responses, we investigated cardiovascular and metabolic responses, as well as the neurohumoral mechanisms of cardiac control, in the herbivorous lizard Iguana iguana during digestion. We measured oxygen consumption rate (O2), heart rate (fH), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), myocardial activity, cardiac autonomic tone, fH/MAP variability and baroreflex efficiency in both fasting and digesting animals before and after parasympathetic blockade with atropine followed by double autonomic blockade with atropine and propranolol. Our results revealed that the peak of O2 in iguanas was reached 24 h after feeding, accompanied by an increase in myocardial activity and a subtle tachycardia mediated exclusively by a reduction in cardiac parasympathetic activity. This represents the first reported case of postprandial tachycardia in digesting reptiles without the involvement of NANC factors. Furthermore, this withdrawal of vagal stimulation during digestion may reduce the regulatory range for short-term fH adjustments, subsequently intensifying the blood pressure variability as a consequence of limiting baroreflex efficiency.
Stroke self-efficacy questionnaire (SSEQ), a reliable measure of disease burden: psychometric validation of the Romanian version
Authors: Chirap-Mitulschi Ioan-Alexandru , Antoniu Sabina Antonela , Ignat Bogdan Emilian , Alexa Daniel , Pintilie Liliana , Boiculese Lucian
Published: January 2024

Self-efficacy is a relevant outcome measure of functional status in stroke research. It can be measured with various patient-reported outcome (PRO) tools, which can be generic or disease (stroke) related. However, in Romania, there is a limited availability of such measures. The Stroke Self-Efficacy Questionnaire(SSEQ) is a specific PRO scale that measures the impact of stroke on self-management and on performance of daily activities. We conducted a two-stage study: (1) translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the SSEQ-Romanian version (SSEQ-RO) and (2) a prospective cohort clinical study designed for psychometric validation of the SSEQ-RO. For the enrolled stroke patients, Barthel index, quality of life and indexes of disease severity, such as NIHSS, MRC and mRS, were measured at baseline and ten days. For psychometric validation we assessed construct validity, reliability and repeatability. In a sample of fifty stroke patients, SSEQ-RO was found to have an excellent construct validity, excellent reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.92), and repeatability (ICC = 0.91). SSEQ-RO was also a good measure of disease burden in mild versus moderate to severe stroke as assessed with NIHSS (p = 0.002). In conclusion, for stroke patients, SSEQ-RO is a reliable PRO able to assess the impact of stroke on the ability to perform daily activities and, therefore can reliably be used to monitor functional status dynamics during the disease course.
Assessment of on-site and remote cardiac rehabilitation in Romania
Authors: Ciucă-Pană Maria-Alexandra , Șerbănoiu Liviu Ionut , Cojocaru Victor , Olteanu Gabriel , Andronic Octavian , Lăcraru Andreea , Ion Alexandru , Andrei Cătălina , Sinescu Crina , Suceveanu Mihaela Carmen , Mandu Mihaela , Onose Gelu , Pedretti Roberto , Niebauer Josef , Busnatu Ștefan-Sebastian
Published: January 2024

: Introduction: It is well known that cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. In Romania in 2015, cardiovascular diseases led to 153.953 deaths, representing 59.3% of deaths from all causes. Most people in Romania today have an unhealthy lifestyle, characterised mainly by a poor nutritious diet, low physical activity and a lack of medical screening.
Purpose: Considering these deficits of secondary prevention in the treatment line of the Romanian cardiovascular patient, we aimed through this study to assess the current access of the Romanian population to on-site and remote cardiac rehabilitation programs as well as their opinion regarding the telemedicine for future cardiovascular care modelling.
Methods: It was a prospective observational study, which was carried out by means of an online questionnaire composed of 26 items. It was dispersed in the online environment, including Social Media platforms, where it was active for ten weeks.
Results: Our online evaluation questionnaire had 1115 participants, with a minimum age of 18 years old, a preponderance of female sex and a predominantly urban background. The study participants were from all educational levels, from low to superior. We observed that most participants have an internet connection at home and use at least one form of technology daily, but most have never used a telemedicine service.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the access of cardiovascular patients to on-site cardiac rehabilitation services is extremely low and for remote ones, it is almost non-existent. For a middle-income country like Romania with such a high incidence of cardiovascular disease, it is almost mandatory to provide publicly funded cardiac telerehabilitation services also for the future.
Effectiveness of Passive Movement Training in Patients with Cerebral Palsy: A Comparative Analysis of Robot-Assisted Therapy and Electrical Stimulation in Hand Rehabilitation
Authors: Sporea Corina , Morcov Maria Veronica , Morcov Mirela , Mirea Andrada
Published: January 2024

Background: Cerebral palsy is a non-progressive neurodevelopmental condition that re-sults in varied degrees of disability, with upper limb functioning affected in over 80% of cases. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of passive movement train-ing of the hand (PMT) with robot-assisted therapy (RAT) compared to PMT with function-al electrical stimulation (FES). Methods: Fifty-eight patients diagnosed with CP, aged be-tween 7 and 14 years, participated in a two-week rehabilitation program involving physi-cal therapy (PT) combined with either RAT or FES. Post-rehabilitation, we assessed the evolution of cylinder grip, finger extension, pinch grips, lateral grip, and three-point grip in each therapy group to determine the more effective passive movement training. Results: Both the RAT group (p < 0.001) and the FES group (p < 0.01) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in all parameters. Patients who received PT and FES exhibited more significant improvement in each movement, except for the pinch index grip, where the RAT group showed superior results. Conclusions: Our findings indicate the positive effects of both PMTs on hand function rehabilitation. We recommend incorporating both therapies into rehabilitation programs for enhanced outcomes.
Trabecular bone score – the newest diagnostic tool for patients with osteoporosis and osteopenia from different pathologies
Authors: Abdula Irem , Ungureanu Adelina Elena , Vîlcea Luana Crina , Stanciu Liliana Elena , Azis Olgun , Iliescu Mădălina Gabriela
Published: January 2024

The trabecular bone score (TBS) is a recently developed instrument that performs gray-level bone texture measurements on dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images of the lumbar spine and thus captures data on trabecular microarchitec-ture. This paper highlights a review of the scientific literature, using PRISMA methodology. A low TBS value is associat-ed with an increase in both prevalent and incident fractures, which is partially independent of both clinical risk factors and areal BMD (aBMD) at the lumbar spine and proximal femur. TBS is related to bone microarchitecture and provides skeletal information that is not captured by standard bone mineral density (BMD) measurements. A low TBS value cor-relates with poor skeletal microstructure; an increased TBS value correlates with better skeletal microstructure. Based on these data, TBS at the lumbar spine is promising as an emerging technology that could become a valuable clinical tool in diagnosing osteopenia and osteoporosis and assessing fracture risk.
Η εκκλησιαστική μουσική στους δίσκους των 78 στροφών
Authors: Καπκίδη Μαρία
Published: January 2024

Το αντικείμενο της παρούσας Διδακτορικής Διατριβής, όπως περιγράφεται και στον τίτλο της, ασχολείται με τις ηχογραφήσεις της Ορθόδοξης Εκκλησιαστικής μουσικής στη δισκογραφία του γραμμοφώνου (78 στροφών). Το χρονικό πλαίσιο στο οποίο εκτείνεται η έρευνα ορίζεται από τις ηχογραφήσεις, δηλαδή από το 1907 ως χρονολογία εκκίνησης, που πραγματοποιήθηκαν οι πρώτες ως τα μέσα της δεκαετίας του 1950. Η έρευνα στηρίζεται και τροφοδοτείται από τον εκτενή πίνακα των ηχογραφήσεων που έχει στοιχειοθετηθεί από τη γράφουσα από το 2015 και εξής και συμπληρώνεται διαρκώς. Ειδικότερα, η Διατριβή εξετάζει τη συμβολή της ηχογραφημένης εκκλησιαστικής μουσικής μέσω της ερμηνευτικής και αισθητικής προσέγγισης του ρεπερτορίου κατά την εποχή των ηχογραφήσεων, εφόσον η καινοτομία του γραμμοφώνου πέτυχε κάτι σπουδαίο: την καταγραφή μιας έως τότε προφορικής παράδοσης και την αποτύπωση των διαφόρων σχολών της ψαλτικής τέχνης και της πολυφωνικής εκκλησιαστικής μουσικής. Επομένως, το μουσικολογικό περιεχόμενο των ηχογραφημένων μαρτυριών αναλύεται μέσω της ακουστικής καταγραφής στη βυζαντινή παρασημαντική και στην ευρωπαϊκή μουσική σημειογραφία, απ' όπου θα αναδύονται αναλυτικά και θα συγκρίνονται οι ηχητικές μαρτυρίες και ερμηνευτικές αποδόσεις, σύμφωνα με τα όσα ηχητικά ντοκουμέντα έχουν συλλεχθεί ως τώρα. Παράλληλα με τη μουσικολογική έρευνα έχει πραγματοποιηθεί μελέτη της δισκογραφίας του γραμμοφώνου ως βιομηχανική εξέλιξη της τεχνολογίας του ήχου στον τομέα του πολιτισμού, ενταγμένη σε κοινωνιολογικό πλαίσιο, αξιοποιώντας σύγχρονες ερμηνευτικές προσεγγίσεις από την κοινωνική και πολιτισμική ιστορία και την ανθρωπολογία. Εξετάζονται τα δίκτυα της κυκλοφορίας των δίσκων, αφού το γραμμόφωνο αντιπροσωπεύει αναμφισβήτητα και το σημείο εκκίνησης της εμπορευματοποίησης της μουσικής σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο. Αναλύεται η έννοια της αναπαράστασης των ηχογραφημένων "στιγμιότυπων" ως αποτύπωση των ζωντανών παραστάσεων που εκτελούνται στα στούντιο των ηχογραφήσεων, εφόσον η τεχνολογία του γραμμοφώνου δεν παρείχε τη δυνατότητα της ζωντανής καταγραφής. Ακόμη, οι δίσκοι γραμμοφώνου λαμβάνονται ως αντικείμενα του πολιτισμού που διακατέχονται από μια δυναμική στην κοινωνική εξέλιξη και συνδέονται με τα ιστορικά γεγονότα και τις ζωές των ανθρώπων και ως εκ τούτου έχουν και οι ίδιοι (οι δίσκοι) τη δική τους πολιτισμική βιογραφία και κοινωνική ζωή.
Η ενδεχομενικότητα και η αναγκαιότητα στα θεωρητικά ρεύματα του δομισμού και μεταδομισμού
Authors: Κοτζαμπάσης Ιωάννης
Published: January 2024

Η παρούσα εργασία προσπαθεί να πραγματευτεί τις έννοιες της ενδεχομενικότητας και της αναγκαιότητας στο θεωρητικό έργο δύο μεγάλων φιλοσόφων του 20ου αιώνα του Αλτουσέρ και του Φουκώ. Η ανάλυσή μας γίνεται υπό το πρίσμα βασικών κατηγοριών του διαλεκτικού υλισμού, περισσότερο της έννοιας της ουσίας, αλλά και της ανόδου από το αφηρημένο στο συγκεκριμένο, όπως αυτές σκιαγραφούνται στο έργο σοβιετικών φιλοσόφων ιδιαίτερα του Ιλιένκοφ, αλλά και των Βαζιούλιν, Σεπτούλιν, Ρόζενταλ, Βολοσίνοφ κ.α.. Η ουσία στο πλαίσιο αυτής της προοπτικής αποτελεί μία εσωτερική σχέση, η οποία διαθέτει ένα μεγαλύτερο βαθμό σταθερότητας από τα φαινόμενα τα οποία μπορούν να αναχθούν σε αυτή. Τόσο τα φαινόμενα, όσο και η ουσία είναι διαδικασίες, η δεν αποτελεί αιώνια υπόσταση και δεν βρίσκεται σε ένα μεγαλύτερο οντολογικό βάθος σε σχέση με τα φαινόμενα. Η ανάλυση μας επιδιώκει να διερευνήσει αν και κατά πόσο οι Αλτουσέρ και Φουκώ προχωρούν σε μία υπαγωγή της αναγκαιότητας στην ενδεχομενικότητα, στις διάφορες φάσεις της θεωρητικής παραγωγής τους. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, εάν και πως η άρνηση της ουσίας με το προαναφερθέν περιεχόμενο τους οδηγεί στην πρωτοκαθεδρία του ενικού έναντι του γενικού, στην θεώρηση των σχέσεων των ενικών αντικειμένων ως εξωτερικών και συνεπαγόμενα στην απολυτοποίση της ενδεχομενικότητας μέσα από την υπαγωγή σε αυτή της αναγκαιότητας. Διερευνούμε την σχέση των παραπάνω κατευθύνσεων σκέψεις στον Αλτουσέρ και στον Φουκώ με τον νομιναλισμό και τον θετικισμό, αλλά και με την αντίληψη ότι ένα μέρος του κόσμου μας είναι αδύνατον να γνωσθεί από την φύση του.
Machine vision-based automatic focusing method for robot laser welding system
Authors: Qiao Xiaoxu , Li Kai , Luo Yi , Wang Xiaodong
Published: January 2024

Background Defocus distance is a critical parameter in laser welding, especially when encountering changes in the contour of the welding surface. This paper proposed an automated focusing method to address the challenging issue of accurately adjusting the defocus distance. Methods The proposed method involves several steps. Firstly, a clarity evaluation function based on the Kirsch operator is employed to calculate real-time image clarity of the welding surface captured by the machine vision system. Next, an improved Canny edge detection algorithm is applied to identify the edge contours of the welding surface, from which their central points are extracted. Finally, automatic focusing is achieved by employing a variable step-size hill-climbing algorithm to search for the focal plane. Results To verify the applicability of the automatic focusing method proposed for welding the solder ring, a robot laser welding system was designed and constructed. Experimental results show that the positioning error of the robot after automatic focusing is within ±0.4 mm. The average time required for a single automatic focusing process is 16.27 s. These results demonstrated the successful accomplishment of automatic adjustment and control of the focal length. Conclusions The machine vision-based automatic focusing method proposed in this paper enhances the consistency of the robot’s position after automatic focusing in robot laser welding systems. It elevates the level of automation in the welding process and provides an efficient solution for accurately adjusting the welding focal distance during the laser welding process.
Strengthening of CYFRA 21-1 using urine creatinine correction as potential endometriosis biomarker
Authors: Saputra Nicko Pisceski Kusika , Samsulhadi Samsulhadi , Hendarto Hendy , Sa’adi Ashon , Pudjirahardjo Widodo J , Arsana I Wayan , Yanuari Relly , Dwiningsih Sri Ratna
Published: January 2024

Background This study aimed to determine the accuracy of CYFRA 21-1 using urine creatinine correction (CYFRA/Cr) as a biomarker of endometriosis. Methods This study includes 73 patients from the Indonesian population, with 38 endometriosis and 35 non-endometriosis patients based on laparoscopy. Urine detection of CYFRA 21-1 was done by ELISA method and corrected by urine creatinine constant factor (CYFRA/Cr). Urine creatinine us detected using the ECLIA method. Results The CYFRA/Cr ratio was identified in the proliferative and secretory phases. CYFRA 21-1 and CYFRA/Cr levels were significantly higher in endometriosis and were higher in the proliferative phase compared to the secretory phase. The best accuracy was obtained in CYFRA which was corrected with urine creatinine in the proliferative phase with a sensitivity value, specificity, and cutoff value of 94.7%, 94.4%, and of 3,547.99 ng/gr, respectively, compared to CYFRA 21-1 urine levels without correction of creatinine. Conclusions The CYFRA to creatinine urine ratio detected in the proliferative phase showed the optimum sensitivity and specificity compared to CYFRA 21-1 spot urine. It has the potential to be a biomarker of endometriosis.
Management of Malocclusion in Children Using Myobrace Appliance: A Systematic Review
Authors: Achmad Harun , Auliya Nurul
Published: January 2024

Background: Bad oral habits are common in children aged less than six years and can stop spontaneously. If these bad habits continue after the age of six years, it can cause malocclusion. In the world of pediatric dentistry, one of the treatments for malocclusion is Oral Myofunctional Therapy (OMT). One of the myofunctional tools that can be used to correct malocclusion as well as bad habits in children is the Myobrace Appliance - an intraoral device system used in interceptive orthodontics. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the management of malocclusion in children using the Myobrace Appliance. Methods: The data was collected by a literature search on Google Scholar, including articles published from 2016 to 2020. The data search was carried out systematically using the keywords Malocclusion in Children and Myobrace Appliance. After eliminating duplicate articles, the titles and abstracts of each article were analyzed across 108 articles, resulting in 51 articles. There were 36 articles not in line with topic and 6 articles which could not be freely accessed, so that 42 articles were excluded. The full text articles in the other nine articles were reanalyzed; three articles were excluded with reason and six articles were produced which were then included in the analysis.

Results: There are six articles that discuss the management of malocclusion in children using the Myobrace appliance. All of these explain that Myobrace appliance is effective in handling cases of malocclusion especially to correct class II malocclusion and class III malocclusion.

Conclusion: Myobrace appliance can be used as an alternative treatment for malocclusion in children, especially to correct class II and III malocclusion (mandibular prognathy and maxillary retrognathy). Additionally, this tool is capable of correcting overbite, overjet, crowding of upper and lower anterior teeth, sagittal molar relationships, lip seals, and facial asymmetry.
Exploring residents’ perceptions of competency-based medical education across Canada: A national survey study
Authors: Braund Heather , Patel Vivesh , Dalgarno Nancy , Mann Steve
Published: January 2024

Background: As Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) is implemented across Canada, little is known about residents’ perceptions of this model. This study examined how Canadian residents understand CBME and their lived experiences with implementation.

Methods: We administered a survey in 2018 with Likert-type and open-ended questions to 375 residents across Canada, of whom 270 were from traditional programs (“pre-CBME”) and 105 were in a CBME program. We used the Mann-Whitney test to examine differences across samples, and analyzed qualitative data thematically.

Results: Three themes were identified across both groups: program outcome concerns, changes, and emotional responses. In relation to program concerns, both groups were concerned about the administrative burden, challenges with the assessment process, and feedback quality. Only pre-CBME residents were concerned about faculty engagement and buy-in. In terms of changes, both groups discussed a more formalized assessment process with mixed reactions. Residents in the pre-CBME sample reported greater concerns for faculty time constraints, assessment completion, and quality of learning experiences, whilst those in CBME programs reported being more proactive in their learning and greater self-reflection. Residents expressed strong emotional narrative responses including greater stress and frustration in a CBME environment.

Conclusion: Findings demonstrate that residents have mixed feelings and experiences regarding CBME. Their positive experiences align with the aim of developing more self-directed learners. However, the concerns suggest the need to address specific shortcomings to increase buy-in, while the emotional responses associated with CBME may require a cultural shift within residency programs to guard against burnout.
An extended approach to impact assessment in the Horizon 2020 digital manufacturing domain
Authors: Fair Nicholas , Modafferi Stefano , Gray Briony , Chan Jun , Lelli Francesco
Published: January 2024

This paper presents an extended approach to Impact Assessment (IA) within European Union funded large-scale projects within the manufacturing domain, which may offer value to other research projects and SME organisations seeking to develop detailed organizational reporting. It details the six-phase process that forms the framework for this extended approach, demonstrating how project Outcome Indictors and impact assessment criterion can be aligned through an extensive review and integration of existing impact domains, objectives, measures and evidence sources with project documentation to provide the detailed individual impact assessment criteria for this extended IA approach. It also reports on the application of the approach in the EC-funded digital manufacturing project, European Connected Factory Platform for Agile Manufacturing (EFPF), finding that 24 of the 27 IA criteria were met or exceed, suggesting that the project made an important contribution to the EU Industry4.0 ecosystem through furthering the key priorities of Industrial Leadership, Data Integration, Uptake of New Technologies, Open Science, the Circulation of Knowledge, and a minor contribution to Climate Change Mitigation.