bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unrinsed Nemipterus virgatus surimi provides more nutrients than rinsed surimi and helps recover immunosuppressed mice treated with cyclophosphamide
Authors: Yi Shumin , Liu Xiang , Huo Yan , Li Xuepeng , Tang Yunping , Li Jianrong
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND

The rinsing process in the production of surimi can cause the loss of some important nutrients. To investigate the differences in nutritional properties between rinsed surimi (RS) and unrinsed surimi (US), this study compared the elemental composition, amino acid composition, fatty acid composition, proteomics, and an immunosuppression mouse model of surimi before and after rinsing, and analyzed the nutritional and immunological properties of RS and US.

RESULTS

The results showed that the protein, fat, and ash contents of RS were decreased compared with those of US; specifically, the contents of essential amino acids, semi‐essential amino acids, non‐essential amino acids, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids were decreased. In the non‐labeled quantitative proteomics analysis, three high‐abundance quantifiable protein contents and 68 low‐abundance quantifiable protein contents were found in RS (P‐values < 0.05, ratio > 2). Immune function experiments in mice revealed that both RS and US contributed to the recovery of immunity in immunocompromised mice. The effect of US was better than that of RS.

CONCLUSION

The rinsing process in surimi processing leads to the loss of nutrients in surimi. US promotes the recovery of immunity in immunocompromised mice more effectively than RS. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Performance improvement for additive light field displays with weighted simultaneous algebra reconstruction technique and tracked views
Authors: Gao Chen , Dong Linqi , Xu Liang , Liu Xu , Li Haifeng
Published: February 2023

Additive light field displays are transparent autostereoscopic three‐dimensional displays without backlights, thus suitable for augmented reality applications. However, when the parallax between viewpoint images becomes large with the increase of viewing angle, the optimization algorithm is hard to handle too many dissimilarities evenly on all viewpoints, resulting in poor reconstructed quality. This paper presents an additive light field display using the weighted simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique with viewing angle‐dependent weight distribution functions. We constrain the optimization to deliver a reconstructed light field of high image quality for viewpoints of large weight. When the proposed method is applied, with a wide dynamic viewing angle of 57° × 43°, the tracked views' peak signal‐to‐noise ratio exceeds 30 dB with only two additive display layers.
Comparative pharmacokinetic studies of Ephedra herba in common cold and nephrotic syndrome rat models
Authors: Cao Yumin , Zhou Ning , Liu Tong , Zhang Jinying , Wang Yongxiang , Zhang Bingxian , Zhang Zhenkai , Feng Weisheng , Zheng Xiaoke
Published: February 2023

Ephedra herba is a conventional Chinese medicine to treat cold, fever, asthma, edema, and lung diseases in the clinic. At present, most pharmacokinetic studies focus on the pharmacokinetic process of alkaloids in normal animals. However, the non‐alkaloid components are also active. In addition, the pharmacokinetic studies under pathological state make more sense for clarifying the material basis of efficacy. In this study, a sensitive and rapid ultra‐high‐performance–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and applied to determine nine bioactive components (ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, methylephedrine, (+)‐catechin, epicatechin, vitexin, vicenin‐2, cinnamic acid, and ferulic acid) in normal, common cold and nephrotic syndrome rats after the oral administration of Ephedra herba. Compared to the normal group, except for ferulic acid, the exposure levels of the other eight components were significantly increased and the plasma clearance clearly declined in common cold rats. Similarly, the exposure levels of seven components other than cinnamic acid and ferulic acid were also significantly augmented and the plasma clearance decreased significantly in nephrotic syndrome rats. In brief, the pathological conditions of the common cold and nephrotic syndrome could lead to alterations in the pharmacokinetics profiles of the nine components, which provide a reference for further exploration of the pharmacodynamics basis of Ephedra herba.
Effect of zirconia in the corrosion behavior of intermetallic Mo3Si alloy in molten salts mixture of NaNO3 and KNO3
Authors: Brito‐Hernádez Daniel , Rosales‐Cadena Isaí , Gónzalez‐Rodríguez José G. , Uruchurtu‐Chavarín Jorge , Guardían‐Tapia Rene , Vera‐Dimas José G. , López‐Sesenes Roy
Published: February 2023

The corrosion effect of zirconia addition, 1, 2, and 5 atomic percent (at.%), on the hot corrosion behavior of Mo3Si intermetallic alloy in 60 wt.% NaNO3 + 40 wt.% KNO3 at 600°C, has been evaluated by using electrochemical methods. Electrochemical techniques included electrochemical noise analyses (ENA), polarization curves (PC), and linear polarization resistance (LPR). The average grain size decreased when the specimen was alloyed with Zr from 90 μm for as‐cast Mo3Si, down to 25 and 10 μm for alloys containing 1, 2, and 5 at.% Zr, respectively. All specimens showed a passive behavior, with the corrosion current density values decreasing for adding either 1 or 2 at.% Zr but increasing for specimens containing 5 at.% Zr. The corrosion process was under charge transfer control for the as‐cast alloy or when 1 or 2 at.% Zr was added, but it was diffusion controlled when 5 at.% Zr was added. The noise resistance value (Rn) increased for specimens containing 1 or 2 at.% Zr but decreased when 5 at.% Zr was added. X‐ray diffraction showed the presence of SiO2, MoO4, Mo4O11, and ZrO2 in the passive layer.
On the regularity and continuity of the multilinear fractional strong maximal operators
Authors: Liu Feng , Xue Qingying , Yabuta Kôzô
Published: February 2023

Let , , and denote the family of all rectangles in with sides parallel to the axes. The main purpose of this paper is to study the regularity and continuity properties of the multilinear fractional strong maximal operators associated with rectangles
which covers the multilinear strong maximal operator , corresponding to the critical index . Boundedness and continuity for the map are proved, provided that , and . As an application of the above boundedness result, the q‐quasicontinuity for is established. In addition, we also prove that a vector function with each implies almost everywhere approximately differentiability of when , which is stronger than the best result known for .
Nuclear operators and applications to kernel operators
Authors: Nowak Marian
Published: February 2023

Let Σ be a σ‐algebra of subsets of a set Ω and be the Banach lattice of bounded Σ‐measurable real functions on Ω. For a Banach space E, we establish the relationship between a countably additive measure of finite variation with a ‐Bochner integrable derivative and nuclearity of the corresponding integration operator . As an application, we derive that if Ω is a topological Hausdorff space and Y is a compact Hausdorff space and , then the corresponding kernel operator is nuclear.
Pressure Drop and Its Reduction in Trickle Bed Using Xanthan Gum
Authors: Omar Rahul , Mishra Dinesh , Omar Rohit , Kumar Samit
Published: February 2023

Pressure drop is an important parameter in the design and energy requirements of the trickle bed. Pressure reduction is one of the most important techniques for reducing energy consumption in a trickle bed. The present work involves an experimental investigation on pressure drop and pressure reduction using xanthan gum as pressure reducing agent (PRA). Pressure reduction is quantified from the pressure drop data. Based on the present observations, it is found that the percentage pressure reduction increases with an increase in the concentration of PRA and it is only effective in the range of 200–600 ppm. The experimental results indicate that a maximum of 73% pressure reduction is achievable using xanthan gum (600 ppm) as PRA.
Ion Transport Behavior in Nanotube‐Embedded Nanocomposite Polymer Electrolyte Membranes
Authors: Ranjta Lovely , Singh Chandra Prakash , Rai Neelesh
Published: February 2023

The present work is aimed to study the role of MWCNT on the performance of a PVA‐based nanocomposite polymer electrolytes (NCPEs) gel membranes. The gel membranes are prepared by solution cast method and characterized by structural, electrical, and electrochemical measurements. SEM pictures confirm diminution in porosity of the system on increasing MWCNT contents. FTIR studies show the role of MWCNT as passive filler only causing structural changes and minor shifting occurs in the system. Optimum conductivity is achieved at 5.49×10−4 S cm−1for 1 wt% MWCNT. The temperature dependence conductivity follows Arrhenius and Vogel‐Tammam‐Fulcher (VTF) behavior. The a.c. conductivity response seems to obey universal power law. LSV investigations on gel membranes have better electrochemical stability viz. ±4.29 Volt.
Accurate Closed Form expressions for Conductor Loss and Dielectric Loss in Thin Film Microstrip Line
Authors: Bansal Ritu , Mishra Sanjay Kumar , Kumar Yogesh
Published: February 2023

In this paper, two improved closed form expressions are presented, namely, conductor loss and dielectric loss. The improved conductor loss closed form expression is perturbation‐based model approach suggested by Holloway & Kuester. This model takes into account the frequency‐dependent nature of conductivity of thin film conductor and effect of strip thickness. The model of dielectric loss takes into account frequency‐dependent loss tangent and effective relative permittivity of dielectric. A comparison of the present models with the experimental results is also presented for the frequency range from 100  to 1000 GHz. Deviations of the models suggested from experimental results are also tabulated. Average deviation and maximum deviation for conductor loss are 9.26 and 11.56, respectively. Also, average deviation and maximum deviation for dielectric loss are 4.89 and 6.67, respectively.
Spectroscopic Study of Poly Vinyl Alcohol Film Prepared in Different Polar Solvents
Authors: Pandey Kamlesh , Dwivedi Mrigank Mauli
Published: February 2023

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biodegradable, non‐toxic, synthetic solvent swollen polymer. It is soluble in different polar solvents like water (H2O), N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Spectroscopic observations show the coexistence of solvent and polymeric matrix upto high temperature (∼200 °C). The solvents are remained trapped inside the matrix. The XRD study shows a peculiar phase changing phenomenon after 125 °C. A very beautiful fish scale like surface morphology appears in the SEM images of the membrane. The FTIR and Laser Raman spectroscopy support the coexistence of solvent and polymer in the membrane.
Airborne Particulate Matter and Associated Heavy Metals: A Review
Authors: Maring Teshilring , Kumar Suman , Jha Ajay Kumar , Kumar Naresh , Pandey Shri Prakash
Published: February 2023

Unplanned urbanization, industrial enhancement, and tremendous increase in motor vehicle traffic lead to exponential rise in pollution. Air pollutants, such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM 2.5 and PM 10), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ozone (O3), and heavy metals are found at a high concentration in the atmosphere. Particulate matter with 10 µm or less in diameter (PM10) is known to have adverse effects on human health and the environment. Particle pollution is known to have many environmental effects from poor visibility to more serious consequences such as acid rain, which pollutes soil and water. Heavy metal determination in ambient air is an important area for environmental researchers because of their toxicity to human beings. Some heavy metals (hexavalent chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni)) have been listed as carcinogens. Furthermore, heavy metals in the atmosphere can accumulate in various plants and animals and enter humans through the food chain. Heavy metals have toxic effects when they are involved in biochemical reactions in living organisms. The Government of India has proposed National Clean Air Programme (NCAP)—a powerful step in acknowledging and resolving the problem of deteriorating ambient air quality. This study reports the major sources of particulate matter and heavy metals in the atmosphere, their effects and control for sustainable environment.
Electro‐optical Properties of ZnSe Doped with Gd and (Ag,Gd) Phosphors
Authors: Mishra Pragati , Mishra A. K. , Pandey S. P. , Pandey Janardan Prasad
Published: February 2023

To understand the position of donor‐ acceptor level and nature of electronic state of activators and co‐ activators, the photo luminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) emission spectra of Znse: Gd and Zn Se: (Ag, Gd) phosphors, have been recorded at room temperature. The method of preparation of phosphors is described. Voltage and frequency dependence of electroluminescent has also b been described. The light output varies as been studied for a wide range of frequencies. It is observed that the EL emission spectra of these phosphors are shifted towards lower wavelength sides on increasing the field frequency.
Microwave Propagation Characteristics in Magnetized‐Cold‐Plasma‐Based Binary Photonic Crystal with Defect of MCP Layer
Authors: Kumar Narendra , Pandey Girijesh N. , Dhayal Sonu , Dhayal Sardul Singh
Published: February 2023

In this communication, the TMM for the analysis of transmission characteristics of MCP based PCs is employed. The periodic structure of air/right‐hand‐MCP, in asymmetric form (AB)N, is considered as RHPPC. The transmission characteristics of the same structure are analyzed with symmetrically introduced defect layer of MCP for different values of the magnetizing field. It is observed that this binary RHPPC in both cases acts as good reflectors in low and high frequency ranges for low magnetic field between 0.4T to 1.2T; and the bandgaps vanish at higher magnetic field above 1.2T, in both types of PCs. Further, it is noticed that the transmittance in defect introduced PC is low in comparison to corresponding PC without defect, for a particular value of magnetic field up to 1.2T. The defective RHPPC exhibits defect modes in the bandgap regions. Hence, an increase in magnetic field decreases the bandgaps and consequently increases the transmission in both cases; while impact of defect is to reduce the transmission. The lowest reverse transmission peak for the defective PC obtained with the value of magnetic field from 2.0T to 2.4T shows more transmission as compared to that of the PC without defect. The insights of this comparative analysis can be used in designing tunable microwave transmitters.
A Novel Design of 1 × 3 Optical Splitter Based on 2D Photonic Crystal
Authors: Shukla Anil Kumar , Gandhi Bani , Pandey Girijesh Narayan
Published: February 2023

Design of the optical devices is an important matter of discussion in the present scenario where optical devices have become ultra‐compact due to miniaturization, ultra‐speed with the integration of optoelectronic devices. In this paper a 1 × 3 2D photonic crystal based on optical beam‐splitter has been designed on OptiFDTD for TE polarized light. The wafer is of the dimensions of 21 µm × 15 µm in length and width, respectively. The design works at the wavelength of 1.55 µm, and the mode is selected to be the Gaussian Modulated Continuous Wave (GMCW). The design is based on the 2D Hexagonal lattice, where the elliptical Si‐rods are placed in the air. This splitter prototype consists of one input and three outputs with the split ratio as 60:20:20. This refers to the first output port has 60% power of the transmitted signal, and the second and the third output ports have 20% power of the input. The structure is implemented using OptiFDTD software. It utilizes Finite Domain Time Difference (FDTD) numerical method to analyze the transmission spectra of the structure, and the Plane Wave Expansion (PWE) method is utilized to calculate the photonic bandgap of the prototype.
An Investigation in the Binary Mixture of N‐Butyl Acetate with CCl4 using Ultrasonic Techniques
Authors: Lancy Irudaya Sahaya , P. Padmavathi , Gopal A. Mathana , Pandey Krishna Kumar , J. Poongodi
Published: February 2023

Ultrasonic velocity measurement marks its significance in industry, medicine, material testing, and cleaning. In recent times it has been applied to process monitoring and material characterization. Ultrasonic velocity in cohesion with density and viscosity data, furnish sufficient and satisfactory information about the interactive behavior between ions, dipoles, multi‐polar dispersion forces, H‐bonding, and elastic forces. The ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity have been recorded at varying temperatures, that is, 308, 313, 318, 323, 328, and 333 K for the binary system of N‐Butyl Acetate with CCl4. Various acoustical parameters such as Adiabatic Compressibility (β), Intermolecular Free Length (Lf), Free Volume (Vf), Internal Pressure (πi), Acoustic Impedance (Z), Enthalpy (H), Gibbs Free Energy (∆G) are determined from the experimental data. The results are interpreted on the approach of molecular interactions between the binary mixtures.
Evaluation of Sound Velocity and Molar Refraction in Binary Liquid Mixtures through Ultrasonic Measurement
Authors: P Padmavathi , Gopal A Mathana , Lancy A Irudaya Sahaya , Pandey Krishna Kumar , J Poongodi , Fernando Jessie
Published: February 2023

In this present work, the molecular interaction of the binary liquid mixture has been elucidated using ultrasonic technique. The recorded values of ultrasonic velocity (u), density (ρ), viscosity (η), and refractive index (n) for the experimented binary liquid mixtures of Ethanol with Benzene at 303 K are used to calculate the derived parameters such as adiabatic compressibility (βa), free length (Lf), acoustic impedance (Z), free volume (Vf), molar volume (Vm), internal pressure (πi), relaxation time (τ), Enthalpy (H), Electronic polarization (ε), Molar refraction (Rm), and the experimentally determined ultrasonic velocity have been compared with the with the computed values using different analytical models and empirical relations such as Nomoto's Theory (NOM), Free Length Theory (FLT), and Van Dael‐Vangeal theory (VDV). The results are interpreted and reported to explain the behavior of benzene with ethanol.
Synthesis of Novel CuO–Gelatin Nanofluids Using Ultrasonic Technique
Authors: Arunachalam Mathana Gopal , Paulraj Padmavathi , Sreedharan Irudaya Sahaya Lancy , Pandey Krishna Kumar , Jawaharlal Poongodi , C. James
Published: February 2023

Nanofluid molecular properties, such as acoustical properties, vary widely in system parameters and are influenced by liquid cohesive characteristics. Gelatin is a natural polymer made from the partial hydrolysis of collagen, which allows the triple helix to unfold and split, resulting in a polydisperse mixture of proteins in solution. The use of ultrasonic technology to create nanoparticles from biopolymer base fluids is a novel method of nanofluid synthesis. The focus of this research is to measure the ultrasonic velocity and density of synthesized nanoparticles using gelatin as the base fluid at various weight percentages. The study have synthesized the Copper oxide (CuO) nanofluid by transforming an unstable Cu(OH)2 to CuO as a precursor in aqueous gelatin by ultrasonication process. To characterize the prepared nanoparticles, the XRD and FESEM methods are used. The results of ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity measurements are discussed after ultrasonication. Experimental data and a theoretical approach to nanofluids are used to study the stability of nanofluids. The outcomes of ultrasonic spectroscopy and other investigations are very similar.
Magnetodielectric Comparison Study Between Microwave and Conventional Sintered NiCuZn Ferrites
Authors: Ramesh Thotakura , Sravanthi Basireddy , Ashok Kollu , Bhaskar A. , Polu Anji Reddy
Published: February 2023

Ni0.53Cu0.12Zn0.35Fe2O4 ferrite powder is synthesized using the microwave‐assisted hydrothermal (M‐H) technique. The synthesized powder is characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphology of the powder particles is examined using field effective scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The powder is then sintered using microwave and conventional methods at 910°C/1.5 h and 910°C/4 h, respectively. The grain size, bulk density, d.c. resistivity, and saturation magnetization of both the sintered samples are measured and compared. The dielectric properties of both the sintered samples are measured at frequencies ranging from 1 MHz to 1.8 GHz. The research indicates that the sintering process has an impact on the magnetodielectric performance of ferrites. The change in properties resulting by the sintering method is briefly reviewed.
The Changing Role of Learning Resource Centre in Providing ICT Based Services during the Covid‐19 Pandemic
Authors: Shrivastava Satish Kumar , Alam Rahat , Pandey Shri Prakash , Babel Praveen
Published: February 2023

The current study focuses on the numerous duties of “Academic Learning Centres” within the context of the Covid‐19 pandemic. The Novel Corona Virus pandemic has created new problems for all stakeholders inside the education system. Given the extrinsic obstacles of delivering services during a public health crisis, the unexpected emergence of the virus pushed libraries to migrate to digital platforms whenever possible and deliver acceptable remote services to users. The purpose of this study is to discover how technology became an impediment for India's best educational institutes during the Covid‐19 situation. The current article assists library professionals in improving their skill set in accordance with things and serving information as a responsible citizen of the country.
Structural and Thermal Property of Poly (Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) and Polystyrene (PS)/Ethylene Glycol Intercalated Fe2+/Fe3+ LDH Composite
Authors: Gupta Pankaj , Panghal Sonika , Sahni Mohit
Published: February 2023

The PMMA and PS composite with ethylene glycol intercalated Fe2+/Fe3+ LDH have been synthesized by in situ polymerization method using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. The structural analysis of composite materials has been identified by powder X‐ray diffraction pattern which is further confirmed by SEM images. TGA and DTG analysis has confirmed the thermal stability of composite as compare to the neat polymer.
Simulation Study to Enhance the Efficiency of Switching Devices using the Combinations of Diodes in Various Networks
Authors: Tiwari Satyendra Nath , Khadarabad Ghouse Mohiuddin , Pandey Shri Prakash , Pandey Anoop Kumar , Singh Vijay
Published: February 2023

In this communication, PSpice simulation software is used to design and characterize reverse biasing modes in series and parallel combinations. Using multiple diodes of similar types, how the breakdown voltage and power dissipation vary in parallel and series modes in reverse bias is investigated. In this paper, correlation equations and correlation factors between voltage and current in both series and parallel combinations using n = 1‐5 diodes in reverse bias are also found. The second‐order correlation equation between voltage and current provides a new way for designing new networks of PN junction diodes for better power gain. The mathematical formulation for applied voltage and average current of n = 1‐10 diodes in parallel and series combinations is also calculated, which can help researchers to design new network circuits for switching devices in the electronics industry.
Acridine as Bioinspired Corrosion Inhibitors
Authors: Bhati Kajol , Tripathy Divya B. , Gupta Anjali
Published: February 2023

Mild steel has been considerably exploited in various manufacturing and commercial fields due to its tremendous mechanical performance. However, mild steel's high susceptibility to corrosion under acidic conditions leads to vast economic losses and environmental consequences. Inhibitors used for steel corrosion in the acidic medium are ordinarily polar heteroaromatic molecules with electronegative atoms. Acridines are one type of inhibitor with several advantages, such as heteroatoms, functional groups and their polarity, double bond conjugation, and importantly efficient and non‐hazardous synthetic routes. The polar moieties of such inhibitors are considered to augment their adsorption on steel surface, thus creating a shielding to inhibit steel corrosion. Acridine analogs are N‐heterocyclic organic compounds that can be easily produced owing to impeccable inhibition capacity. The current review discusses the chemistry, synthesis, corrosion inhibition mechanism, and properties of acridines and their derivatives.
Materials under Inflation: An Optimal Supply Policy Model
Authors: Arora Ragini , Gupta Sangeeta , Srivastav Sweta
Published: February 2023

The continuous analysis model is extended in this paper to allow cost and demand values to be computed by a time‐lapse log concave function that meets network criteria for materials. Failure costs, insufficient maintenance costs, and replenishment costs are all deemed lower than capital costs, depending on the size of the lot for materials. Damage occurs at a degree that is independent of time. A backlog phase is allowed in the model. The backlog is being reduced at a steady pace. In this scenario, results that confirm the existence of an optimal policy and a testing algorithm are demonstrated. The survey system's overall cost is also demonstrated to be proportional to the number of refills. As a result, the ideal number of refills is determined using a solution method. The result is verified with the help of a numerical example.
A 500 km Long Transmission with Coherent Optical OFDM Using Dual Polarization Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and Double Sideband Suppressed‐Enhanced Carrier (DSS‐EC)
Authors: Sachdeva Shippu , Sindhwani Manoj , Kaur Rosepreet , Singh Palvinder , Sachdeva Amit
Published: February 2023

Coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO‐OFDM) systems are chosen for this task because of their high spectral efficiency, low inter‐symbol interference (ISI), low intercarrier interference (ICI), robustness against chromatic dispersion (CD), and high nonlinearity interference tolerance (HNIT). The DSS‐EC technique is utilized in this study to investigate a high‐speed 100 Gbps CO‐OFDM with a QPSK encoder over a 500 km uncompensated connection distance. The proposed system is compared to CO‐OFDM‐QPSK and CO‐OFDM‐16QAM systems in terms of log BER at various input optical signal to noise ratios (OSNRs). Results reveal that due to enhanced available bandwidth use of communication channels, the proposed CO‐OFDM‐DSS‐EC‐QPSK system provides minimum log BER at lower input OSNRs while the rest two systems show identical log BER performance at high input OSNRs. Therefore, proposed technique is a prominent solution for future generations high data demands and for a cost‐effective solution due to an uncompensated transmission channel.
Study: Follow‐up care for children lacking after emergency care visit
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: February 2023

Many Medicaid‐eligible children are not receiving recommended timely follow‐up care in the community after a mental health‐related visit to a hospital emergency department, a newly published study suggests. The study's numbers paint an especially disappointing picture for Black children, likely reflecting a number of conditions ranging from a lack of diversity in the behavioral health workforce to limited access to school‐based services.
Montana governor announces funds for school screening
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: February 2023

Emergency funding from the office of Montana Gov. Greg Gianforte will serve to increase access to voluntary screenings for mental health and substance use in the state's public schools. The $2.1 million investment represents an alternative mechanism for expanding screening after efforts stalled in the state legislature to devote more state funds to school‐based screenings.
Continuous dependence of eigenvalues on potential functions for nonlocal Sturm–Liouville equations
Authors: Li Jing , Qi Jiangang
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we discuss the continuous dependence of eigenvalues on the potential function for a nonlocal Sturm–Liouville equation with truncated Marchaud fractional derivative term by two‐parameter method. To this end, we first study the properties of eigenvalues for a two‐parameter nonlocal Sturm–Liouville eigenvalue problem. We obtain the two‐parameter nonlocal Sturm–Liouville eigenvalue problem that has countable number of simple real eigenvalues. Meanwhile, the asymptotic behavior of eigenvalues is studied by aid of the analytic perturbation theory.
Team optimal decentralized estimation by multiple agents with asymmetric information
Authors: Sun Yue , Wang Wei , Xu Juanjuan , Zhang Huanshui
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we are concerned with the team optimal decentralized state estimation problem where the state is transmitted to a remote agent with packet dropouts and is observed by local agents with additive noises. In particular, the information of the remote agent is available to all local agents with hierarchical relationships, which leads to an asymmetric information structure. The main contribution is to derive the analytical expressions for the team optimal decentralized state estimation. Different from the existing decentralized estimation results, the novelty of the paper is to comprehensively investigate the influence of packet dropouts and additive noises, which occur frequently in networked control systems.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in fields other than psychiatry
Authors: Shimada Ken , Kase Yutaro , Nakatsuru Makoto , Tanzawa Hideki
Published: February 2023

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an adverse effect of drugs, mainly neuroleptics. It is characterized by problems related to the autonomic nervous system (such as hyperthermia, diaphoresis, and tachycardia) and extrapyramidal symptoms (such as muscle rigidity and tremor). After onset, NMS progresses rapidly and without treatment, becomes life‐threatening. In recent years, NMS has become better recognized, and treatment has improved; most cases are now curable before becoming dangerous. Most NMS reports are from psychiatrists or neurologists; few are from other specialized clinicians. However, nonpsychiatric clinicians, such as surgeons, emergency physicians, orthopedists, and oral surgeons, sometimes must administer neuroleptic drugs. Although NMS is rare, its effects on patients may be debilitating, and this places a heavy burden on clinicians. Thus, not only psychiatrists but also clinicians in various other fields should understand this illness. This article describes NMS in fields other than psychiatry and its diagnosis, risk factors, and treatment strategies.
Computed tomography‐based morphological analysis for intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy in patients with mandibular prognathism
Authors: Kudoh Keiko , Ohe Go , Takamaru Natsumi , Akita Kazuya , Kudoh Takaharu , Kurio Naito , Takahashi Akira , Miyamoto Youji
Published: February 2023

Aim

Intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) is an orthognathic surgery for patients with jaw deformity. To avoid complications associated with IVRO, understanding the position of the mandibular foramen and shape of the mandibular ramus in patients with mandibular prognathism is important, which only few studies have reported. Most studies have been performed with dry skulls of older people without jaw deformity. This study aimed to examine the position and shape of the mandibular foramen and ramus, respectively, using computed tomography in patients with mandibular prognathism.

Methods

The study was performed on 50 Japanese patients who underwent IVRO. We examined the position of the mandibular foramen against the occlusal plane, distance between the posterior border of the mandible and mandibular foramen, and thickness of the mandibular ramus.

Results

The mandibular foramen was vertically located above the occlusal plane at a distance of 2.6 ± 5.1 and 1.2 ± 5.1 mm in men and women, respectively. The distances between the mandibular ramus and foramen, measured with the posterior border line of the mandibular ramus as a criterion, were 15.9 ± 2.2 and 14.4 ± 2.1 mm in men and women, respectively. The thickest parts of the mandibular ramus were 6.8 ± 1.6 and 6.9 ± 0.9 mm in men and women, respectively.

Conclusion

Knowledge of the accurate position of the mandibular foramen is important for a safe IVRO. Mandibular ramus osteotomy line should be within 10 mm from the posterior border of the mandibular ramus, to avoid inferior alveolar nerve damage.
Amine oxidase copper‐containing 3 aggravates cardiac remodelling by generating hydrogen peroxide after myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhong Chongbin , Que Dongdong , Yu Wenjie , Chen Deshu , Wang Yuxi , Zhang Xuwei , Rui Bowen , Yang Yashu , Hong Qingqing , Huang Guanlin , Yang Li , Yan Jing , Yang Pingzhen
Published: February 2023

Amine oxidase copper‐containing 3 (AOC3) is a member of the semicarbazide‐sensitive amine oxidase enzyme family. It acts as an ectoenzyme catalysing the oxidative deamination of primary amines and generating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). While AOC3 is implicated in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, its role in cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. In this study, we first confirmed a long‐term upregulation of AOC3 in both cardiac myofibroblasts after MI in vivo and angiotensin II (ANGII)‐treated cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. AOC3 knockdown not only inhibited the activation of cardiac fibroblasts induced by ANGII but also alleviated cardiac fibrosis in mice after MI. Using sh‐AOC3 lentiviruses, exogenous recombinant AOC3 (r‐AOC3), semicarbazide (an AOC3 inhibitor), and catalase (a hydrogen peroxide scavenger) treatments, we also demonstrated that AOC3 promoted H2O2 generation, increased oxidative stress, and enhanced ERK1/2 activation, which were responsible for the activation of cardiac fibroblasts. In particular, AOC3 knockdown also improved cardiac function and hypertrophy after MI. Through a coculture system, we confirmed that AOC3 expressed on cardiac myofibroblasts was able to enhance oxidative stress and induce hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes by promoting H2O2 generation. Similarly, r‐AOC3 promoted H2O2 generation and resulted in oxidative stress and hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, which were almost inhibited by both semicarbazide and catalase. In conclusion, AOC3 plays a critical role in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy after MI by promoting the generation of H2O2. AOC3 is a promising therapeutic target against cardiac remodelling. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Aramid pulp modified with imidazolium ionic liquids as a potential replacement for carbon black in fluorinated rubber composites
Authors: Kerche Eduardo Fischer , Demétrio da Silva Vinícius , da Cruz Joziel Aparecido , Lazzari Lídia Kunz , Neves Roberta Motta , Ornaghi Heitor Luiz
Published: February 2023

Carbon black (CB) is the most used reinforcement for the manufacturing of rubber compounds. However, its harmful impact is well known, thus, alternative materials are developed day by day to replace CB. In this paper, aramid pulp (AP), a fibrillated configuration of aramid fibers, was used aiming to manufacture fluoroelastomer copolimer (FKM) composites with similar properties to those fabricated with CB. AP was incorporated at 5 per hundred of rubber (phr) and its physical/mechanical/thermal properties were compared with a commercial formulation (prepared with 30 phr of CB). The FKM/AP compounds presented similar mechanical properties to those of FKM/CB. Moreover, due to the entanglement mechanism for the FKM/AP, higher reinforcement effectiveness (ratio between the glassy and elastomeric modulus) is presented for these composites, compared with those FKM/CB. Ionic liquids (IL) promoted AP defibrillation, which also improved the entanglement of the reinforcement with the polymeric matrix. These features imparted higher dynamic mechanical thermal response and thermal resistance of the composites with AP and IL‐treated AP, compared with those reinforced with CB.
Kaempferol molecularly imprinted polymers: preparation, characterization and application to the separation of kaempferol from ginkgo leaves
Authors: Liang Fangping , Li Wurong , Li Mingao , Li Xican , He Jianfeng , Wu Quanzhou
Published: February 2023

In this work, kaempferol molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were screened in detail and were applied to the separation of kaempferol from real complex systems. Kaempferol‐MIPs with high affinity and selectivity for kaempferol could be prepared successfully by using kaempferol as the template molecule, 4‐vinylpyridine as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate or divinylbenzene as the crosslinker, acetone or acetonitrile as the solvent. Scanning electron microscopy observation and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurement showed that the prepared MIPs had a heterogeneous pore structure and large specific surface area. Static and dynamic adsorption experiments and solid‐phase extraction application were performed to evaluate the performance of the prepared MIPs. Only the MIPs with both higher distribution coefficient and higher imprinting factor in the dynamic experiments had better ability to retain kaempferol. Using the screened MIPs as solid‐phase extraction sorbents, kaempferol and quercetin were extracted directly from the crude ginkgo leaves hydrolysate with high recovery and purity. Control experiments also showed that the screened MIPs were superior to commercially available adsorbents in terms of the separation of kaempferol from crude extracts. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Morphological evolution ofTMB‐5/ethylene–vinyl alcohol copolymer blends under biaxial‐stretching field and its effect on the crystallization and gas barrier properties of isotactic polypropylene
Authors: Luo Shanshan , Liu Nan , He Shengbao , Wang Yanwen , Zhang Li , Song Lu , Huang Shaowen , Li Jian , Gao Chengtao , Li Juan , Sun Jing
Published: February 2023

The morphological evolution of TMB‐5/ethylene–vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer blends under biaxial‐stretching field and its effect on the crystallization and gas barrier properties of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) were investigated. iPP/TMB‐5/EVOH ternary blends with TBM‐5 selectively distributed in the EVOH phase were prepared through a multistage stretching extrusion, which combined an assembly of layer multiplying elements (LMEs) with an extruder. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the biaxial‐stretching field in LMEs transformed the TMB‐5/EVOH phase into platelets along the extrusion direction. Differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction results indicated that the TMB‐5 particles were distributed in the EVOH phase and noβcrystals formed in as‐extruded samples. Especially, the TMB‐5 was released from the EVOH phase into iPP in the annealing process and induced the formation ofβcrystals. Compared with that of pure iPP, the oxygen permeability coefficient of iPP containing aligned TMB‐5/EVOH platelets decreased more than three times. The enhanced barrier properties resulted from the increased tortuosity of the diffusion pathway caused by the orientated high‐aspect‐ratio platelets. © 2023 Society of Industrial Chemistry.
Tape stripped stratum corneum samples are suitable for diagnosis and comprehensive proteomic investigation in mycosis fungoides
Authors: Qureshi Hafsa Anees , Azimi Ali , Wells Jillian , Fernandez‐Penas Pablo
Published: February 2023

Background

Mycosis Fungoides (MF) is a common cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma. It can sometimes be challenging to diagnose MF using current clinico‐histopathological criteria. Non‐invasive molecular profiling analysis has the potential to aid the diagnosis and understanding of MF.

Method

Lesional and body site matched normal stratum corneum samples were obtained from the same MF patients (n = 28) using adhesive discs, followed by proteomic analyses using data‐independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA‐MS). Differential abundance analyses and bioinformatic analyses were performed to identify differentially abundant proteins and altered biofunctions between the MF and normal stratum corneum samples.

Results

In total, 1303 proteins were identified, of which 290 proteins were significantly changed in the MF cohort compared to the normal stratum corneum. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) predicted the significant inhibition of cell death of cancer cells and significant activation of immune‐related activities and viral infection in the MF lesions. MF lesions were also associated with upstream regulators relating to immuno‐oncologic dysfunctions. The top‐250 variating proteins efficiently separated normal stratum corneum from matched MF samples.

Conclusion

Non‐invasive proteomic analysis could transform the diagnosis of MF by reducing the need for invasive biopsy. The identification of altered biological functions may serve as useful biomarkers to predict MF progression.
HLA‐DQ and ‐DR alleles in patients with SLE: A tertiary hospital‐based case–control study in Bangladesh
Authors: Khan Muhammad S. A. , Ahmed Shamim , Bandhan Iftekhar H. , Zaman Farhana , Sajib Md. Kamrul H. , Tarafder Shirin , Choudhury Minhaj R. , Haq Syed A. , Zaman Mohammad M.
Published: February 2023

Background

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the involvement of multiple organs and autoantibody production. This study aimed to determine the association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DQ and ‐DR alleles with SLE at a tertiary hospital in Bangladesh.

Methods

This case–control study was conducted in the Department of Rheumatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. The patients who fulfilled the 1997 revised American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for SLE were considered cases (n = 41). The controls (n = 32) were selected from the hospital staff of BSMMU, including doctors and nurses who did not suffer from any known rheumatic diseases, and there was no such disease in their first‐degree relatives. Polymerase chain reaction using a sequence‐specific primer (PCR‐SSP) in a low‐resolution typing method was carried out on blood samples collected for HLA‐DQ and ‐DR allele typing.

Results

The cases and controls had comparable mean ages (31 vs. 32 years), and most cases were female (95.1% vs. 34.4%). The most frequent clinical manifestations were mucocutaneous (85.4%), followed by musculoskeletal (70.7%) and constitutional symptoms (58.5%). The cases had a significantly higher frequency of HLA‐DR2 allele compared with healthy controls (70.7% vs. 43.8%; odds ratio: 3.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.2–8.2). In addition, HLA‐DQ6 allele was found to have a significant association with mucocutaneous manifestations of the cases (88.9%, P = 0.03).

Conclusions

Bangladeshi adults having HLA‐DR2 may be more susceptible to SLE. HLA‐DQ6 allele might be associated with mucocutaneous manifestations of SLE.
Distributed projection‐free algorithm for constrained aggregative optimization
Authors: Wang Tongyu , Yi Peng
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we focus on solving a distributed convex aggregative optimization problem in a network, where each agent has its own cost function which depends not only on its own decision variables but also on the aggregated function of all agents' decision variables. The decision variable is constrained within a feasible set. In order to minimize the sum of the cost functions when each agent only knows its local cost function, we propose a distributed Frank–Wolfe algorithm based on gradient tracking for the aggregative optimization problem where each node maintains two estimates, namely an estimate of the sum of agents' decision variable and an estimate of the gradient of global function. The algorithm is projection‐free, but only involves solving a linear optimization to get a search direction at each step. We show the convergence of the proposed algorithm for convex and smooth objective functions over a time‐varying network. Finally, we demonstrate the convergence and computational efficiency of the proposed algorithm via numerical simulations.
Event‐triggered adaptive stabilization control of stochastic nonlinear systems with unmodeled dynamics
Authors: Chen Yang , Liu Yan‐Jun , Liu Lei , Tong Shaocheng , Xu Tongyu
Published: February 2023

In this paper, we present a novel controller design method for stochastic nonlinear systems with unmodeled dynamics, uncertain parameters, and unknown covariance noise. In order to deal with these uncertainties, a new event‐based small gain controller is designed. The event‐triggered scheme can reduce the computational burden caused by disturbance and noise. By combining the technique of changing supply rate with small gain condition, a stochastic input‐to‐state practically stability Lyapunov function is obtained for the subsystem. Simultaneously, the changing supply function is used to treat with unmodeled dynamics. Based on backstepping process and adaptive control approach, the influence of unknown covariance noise is overcome. It is proved that the designed state‐feedback controller can ensure the overall system is stochastic input‐to‐state practically stability.
Clinical Description and Treatment Outcomes of Paederus Dermatitis in Phuentsholing, Bhutan in 2021: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gyeltshen Kinley , Sangye Ngawang , Tenzin Kunzang C. , Dorji Thinley
Published: February 2023

An increasing number of beetle population and outbreaks of irritant contact dermatitis are reported from newer geographic locations. Bhutan is one such country that witnessed an outbreak of Paederus dermatitis (PD) in Phuentsholing sub-district in 2021. This study describes the clinical symptoms, skin lesions and treatment outcomes of PD in Bhutan. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of an outbreak of Paederus-related contact dermatitis in Phuentsholing, Bhutan. Clinical symptoms, skin lesions, duration of illness, recovery time and response to treatment were recorded. Of the 81 patients with PD, the males constituted 54% (44) and the mean age was 22 years (range: 1–51 years). The commonly affected groups were those aged 11–20 years (40.7%) and school or college students (50.6%). The common symptoms were pain, itching, redness, tenderness and blister formation. The lesions were erythematovesicular (70%), linear (54.3%) and kissing lesions (28.4%). All patients received some form of topical or oral steroid therapy and recovery was 100%. The mean duration from the onset till the recovery of the skin rash was 13 days (SD ± 8.3 days). PD outbreak is a self-limiting form of contact dermatitis. This is the first report of PD in the sub-Himalayan region and may be linked to climate change. There is a need for active surveillance and monitoring of such emerging weather/climate-related agents for appropriate health system response in disease prevention and treatment.