bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Touched by vision: how heterosexual, gay, and lesbian people react to the view of their avatar being caressed on taboo body parts
Authors: Fusaro Martina , Lisi Matteo P. , Tieri Gaetano , Aglioti Salvatore Maria
Published: January 2020

Embodying an artificial agent through immersive virtual reality (IVR) may lead to feeling somatosensory stimuli on one’s body which are in fact never delivered. What remains unknown is whether the vicarious touch in virtual reality reflects the basic individual and social features of real-life interpersonal interactions. Here, we explored the subjective and objective reactivity of heterosexual men/women (Study 1) and of gay men/lesbian women (Study 2) to the observation of a gender-matched virtual body being touched on different body parts, including the breast and genitalia, by male and female avatars. In addition to the illusory feeling of being touched and of owning the virtual body, participants reported on different aspects of the experience (e.g., appropriateness, erogeneity). Physiological measures of autonomic reactivity were also collected. Heterosexual men rated the female avatar’s touch as more appropriate and erogenous, while heterosexual women rated female and male avatar touches as equally appropriate, with the latter being most erogenous. Interestingly, gay men exhibited the same pattern of appropriateness and erogeneity as heterosexual women. In contrast, lesbian women rated more appropriate and erogenous the touches of the female avatar. For all participants, the most appropriate and erogenous regions were the social and the intimate ones, respectively. Importantly, touches on the virtual body’s intimate areas elicited the highest skin conductance response when participants were touched by a female avatar. Thus, IVR may easily induce vicarious experiences and ultimately allow the direct exploration of sensitive societal and individual issues that can otherwise be explored only through imagination.
Facing East: Orientalism and Antisemitism in Heine’sHebräische Melodien
Authors: Cooper Gabriel
Published: January 2020

The oriental imaginary of Heinrich Heine’s cycle, Hebräische Melodien (1851), borrows and diverges from European orientalism and its German Jewish counterpart, sephardism. In departing from these traditions, Heine launches a critique of both discourses and highlights their shared assertion of Western superiority. His recreation of the Sephardic past attacks the ideologies perpetuated by literary and historiographical treatments of the Orient. Directed against German Jewish orientalism and its idealization of Andalusi Jewish experience, Hebräische Melodien features complex, ambivalent portrayals of Sephardim and their Muslim neighbours. Heine’s Muslims reflect their shared history with Jews as Europe’s oriental others but also perpetrate violence against Jews. The cycle’s depictions of antisemitism in a poetic Orient serve to expose the lethal consequences of orientalism’s cultural hierarchy.
Elementary Materials Science
Authors: Hosford William R.
Published: January 2020

Elementary Materials Science is a primer on the subject of materials science and its application in product design and manufacturing. The initial chapters show how atoms link together, creating a structural framework on which all matter is based. They explain how the atoms in metals are normally arranged in repeating crystalline patterns, while the atoms in other materials, particularly glass and plastics, are not. They also introduce the concept of phase and how it is used to understand and optimize materials. Subsequent chapters describe specific materials, including iron and steel, nonferrous metals, ceramics, polymers, composites, and wood, and their engineering properties and behaviors. They also discuss the causes and effects of corrosion, manufacturing processes such as forming and shaping, and recycling. Each chapter includes exercises that demonstrate the topics introduced. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-1-62708-002-6, follow this link.
Strategi Pemanfaatan E-Learning berbasis Resource Sharing untuk Pengembangan SDM UMKM
Authors: Sari Putri Pradnyawidya , Eko Bambang Riawan
Published: January 2020

Usaha Mikro, Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) memiliki kontribusi yang cukup signifikan terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Sumbangsih sektor ini akan semakin besar manakala mereka berhasil memasarkan produk  ke pasar digital. Namun, pelaku UMKM masih mengalami kesulitan menjual produk mereka secara online. Makalah ini membahas mengenai upaya pembinaan sumber daya manusia (SDM) UMKM yang berlangsung saat ini dan merancang sebuah sistem e-learning dengan pendekatan resource sharing yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan belajar dan pelatihan bagi pelaku UMKM. Penelitian dilakukan pada UMKM di beberapa kabupaten di Jawa Timur. Pemilihan kabupaten/kota dilakukan secara acak. Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini ada dua, yakni Dinas Koperasi dan UKM atau Dinas Perindustrian dan Perdagangan Kabupaten/Kota di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Timur, untuk mengetahui upaya yang telah dilakukan pemerintah terkait pengembangan SDM UMKM dan kebutuhan pembuatan desain e-learning. Implementasi pada perancangan ini menggunakan LMS Edmodo. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah strategi desain e-learning untuk pelaku UMKM.
Politicotainment: Fictionalizing Politics in Pakistani Cinema
Authors: Khalid Haleema , Shahbaz Muhammad , Anwar Behzad
Published: January 2020

This article aims to investigate Maalik, Pakistani political thriller as the product of ‘politicotainment’, a genre combining politics and entertainment. Keeping in view the nexus of politics, media and language, Discourse Historical Approach from the perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis with a particular focus on media, discourse, and society is employed. Maalik, is exceptional movie because it is explicitly related to real life socio-political and socio-cultural events of Pakistan; its focus on social and political issues such as exploitation of power and corrupt political system shifts the focus towards the ownership of Pakistan and accepting responsibilities. Therefore, the film connects the emerging political discourse in Pakistan with the rising public pulse against corruption and call for accountability. This research provides insights regarding the discursive construction of contemporary Pakistani narrative in the time of national crisis in order to reveal the projected and recontextualized norms in the context of Pakistan.
Respect for the Doctor (Sir 38:1-3)
Authors: Piwowar Andrzej
Published: January 2020

The first part of the article synthetically presents the Old Testament Israelites’ attitude to doctors and their activities. It is an essential prerequisite for the depiction of the innovative approach to the issue proposed by Sirach in Sir 38:1-15. Subsequently, the translation of the text’s Greek version into Polish is presented and the pericope’s structure is divided into four parts: I. 38:1-3 – respect for the doctor, II. 38:4-8 – the value of medicine, III. 38:9-11 – the relation of the sick to God, and IV. 38:12-15 – the doctor’s role in treating the sick. The present article is devoted to the exegetico-theological analysis of the first part of the Greek version of Sir 38:1-15, that is of 38:1-3. Even though the article is based primarily on the Greek text of the verses, it takes into account its original Hebrew version as well. Sirach calls the believing Israelites to completely change their perception of doctors and their activities. He encourages his readers not to reject doctors but to treat them with respect and reverence, and, indirectly, not to ignore the doctor’s efforts meant to restore health to the sick one. The sage justifies his novel approach with two arguments. First, doctors were created by God and given the task of aiding the sick in their suffering. They are a mere tool in God’s hands, for God is the only Doctor that can truly heal a person (this aspect is emphasized more by the Hebrew than by the Greek text). Secondly, doctors deserve respect for even kings and dignitaries benefit from their service and treat them with respect and reverence. In 38:1-3 Sirach offers a perfect synthesis of Israel’s traditional belief in God, who is the only doctor able to heal a person, with the Hellenistic influence related to medicine and the people who dabble in it.
Wojciech Węgrzyniak, Psalm 83. Teksty – egzegeza – konteksty (Studia Biblica Lublinensia 19; Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL 2019)
Authors: Kubisiak Przemysław
Published: January 2020

Book Review: Wojciech Węgrzyniak, Psalm 83. Teksty – egzegeza – konteksty (Studia Biblica Lublinensia 19; Lublin: Wydawnictwo KUL 2019). Ss. 381. PLN 27.00. Oprawa miękka. ISBN 978-83-8061-678-3
H. Daniel Zacharias, Matthew’s Presentation of the Son of David: Davidic Tradition and Typology in the Gospel of Matthew (T&T Clark Biblical Studies; London – New York: Clark 2017)
Authors: Pietrzak Jacek
Published: January 2020

Book Review: H. Daniel Zacharias, Matthew’s Presentation of the Son of David : Davidic Tradition and Typology in the Gospel of Matthew (T&T Clark Biblical Studies; London – New York: Clark 2017). Pp. xi + 224. $ 108. Hardback. ISBN 978-0-56767-077-9
New technologies for tourist services market development
Authors: Shpyrnya O. V. , Koreneva M. V.
Published: January 2020

This article analyzes the introduction of new technologies in the tourist services market. It has been determined that at present tourist enterprises are actively investing money in the process of introducing machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies; actively use automation of various levels of complexity of business processes. It is concluded that the sales technologies of the tourism product and individual tourism services are based today on the intensive implementation of modern technological solutions. It is noted that the main trends in the development of the tourist services market will be the further development of online tourism in Russia, as well as the widespread use of Internet technologies.Further penetration of technologies that simplify the routine operations of tourists is predicted. This, for example, real-time luggage tracking via phone, combining trip planning and booking services in one application. At the same time, it will be implemented in the B2B segment. New tourist platforms are being developed today, in which all content from a wide variety of sources is presented, whether it is the traditional GDS, NDC booking system, airline’s own APIs or aggregator data.
The Effect of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion on Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in a Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model (PS1V97L)1
Authors: Yang Heyun , Wang Wei , Jia Longfei , Qin Wei , Hou Tingting , Wu Qiaoqi , Li Haitao , Tian Yuanruhua , Jia Jianping
Published: January 2020

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) can restrict the therapeutic effects of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) medications. While a large number of AD drug treatment trials targeting BBB dynamics have emerged, most have failed due to insufficient permeability. Furthermore, a subset of AD cases, which also feature chronic hypoperfusion are complicated by BBB deficits. We used a mouse model of AD with chronic hypoperfusion—transgenic mice (PS1V97L) with right common carotid artery ligation. In this model, we assessed how chronic cerebral hypoperfusion changed the pathophysiological processes that increase BBB permeability. Compared with control mice, AD mice with chronic hypoperfusion revealed significantly upregulated expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) on the BBB. Upregulated RAGE caused increased accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain in these mice. Upregulation of RAGE (or binding to Aβ) can promote activation of the NF-κB pathway and enhance oxidative stress and increase the release of pro-inflammatory factors. These factors promoted the reduction of tight junction proteins between the endothelial cells in the BBB and increased its permeability. These findings suggest that the transporter RAGE dysregulation on the BBB initiates a series of pathophysiological processes which lead to increased BBB permeability. Taken together, we have shown that chronic hypoperfusion can serve to enhance and aggravate the BBB impairment in AD.
Analisis penerapan pajak restoran pada penjualan (Studi kasus Rumah Makan Geprek Jo Manado)
Authors: Maramis Dennis Piere , Ilat Ventje , Mawikere Lidia
Published: January 2020

The tax is a compulsory contribution of citizens to the government and is imposed on the public based on the provisions of applicable law. Consideration of the cost of goods sold for a product and how to calculate restaurant taxes is one of the crucial things in a restaurant business, in an era where UMKM  have been increasingly prioritized by the government to build a stronger national economy, pricing and tax calculation for a product is very important by the business of the people or companies. One type of tax whose potential is growing along with the increase in the leisure or tourism business is restaurant tax. This study aims to determine the application of restaurant taxes on the main cost of selling at geprek jo restaurant. The analytical method used in this thesis research is a qualitative descriptive method. Geprek Jo restaurant is a restaurant with a mainstay menu of Chicken and Tuna in Geprek with special chili seasonings Geprek Jo restaurant which was established in September 2018. Calculation of cost of goods sold consists of raw material costs, direct labor costs and costs restaurant overhead, and calculate initial inventory, ending inventory, purchases and production in progress. The results of the calculation of cost of goods sold which require inventory elements get a smaller figure than the selling price of the product after classification. Then there are still benefits for the company. The results obtained that the cost of goods sold at Jo Geprek Restaurant is influenced by restaurant taxes.
Asymptotic behaviors with convergence rates of distributions of negative-binomial sums
Authors: Loc Hung Tran , Kien Phan Tri , Tan Nhut Nguyen
Published: January 2020

The negative-binomial sum is an extension of a geometric sum. It has been arisen from the necessity to resolve practical problems in telecommunications, network analysis, stochastic finance and insurance mathematics, etc. Up to the present, the topics related to negative-binomial sums like asymptotic distributions and rates of convergence have been investigated by many mathematicians. However, in a lot of various situations, the results concerned the rates of convergence for negative-binomial sums are still restrictive. The main purpose of this paper is to establish some weak limit theorems for negative-binomial sums of independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables via Gnedenko's Transfer Theorem originated by Gnedenko and Fahim (1969). Using Zolotarev's probability metric, the rate of convergence in weak limit theorems for negativebinomial sum are established. The received results are the rates of convergence in weak limit theorem for partial sum of i.i.d random variables related to symmetric stable distribution (Theorem 1), and asymptotic distribution together with the convergence rates for negative-binomial sums of i.i.d. random variables concerning to symmetric Linnik laws and Generalized Linnik distribution (Theorem 2 and Theorem 3). Based on the results of this paper, the analogous results for geometric sums of i.i.d. random variables will be concluded as direct consequences. However, the article has just been solved for the case of 1 <a < 2; it is quite hard to estimate in the case of a 2 (0;1) via the Zolotarev's probability metric.

Mathematics Subject Classification 2010: 60G50; 60F05; 60E07.
Tuberculosis of Sacrum: A Rare Location of Spinal Tuberculosis
Authors: Patrice LWY Sinaga  , Sabri  , Ridha Dharmajaya
Published: January 2020

Tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases in the world. The thoracolumbar spine is the commonest form of vertebral tuberculosis, whereas isolated tuberculosis of the sacrum is rarely reported in the literature. A male patient of 22-year old had complained low back pain since 2 years before admission to hospital without history of trauma on back. He also got low-grade fever and weight loss. There was no tuberculosis contagion found, no cough or night sweat. Clinical examination revealed neurological deficit with strength of both lower extremities were 4 and hipestesia in the level of lumbal 5 and downward. Radiographs of lumbosacral showed deformity of lumbal 5. CT scans of spine showed deformity of sacrum. MRI revealed spondylolisthesis L5-S1, S1-S2, S2-S3 and mass in the anterior posterior and lateral of paralumbal 5 and parasacral. There is no involvement of gluteus muscle and the around muscle. The patient underwent surgical of sequestrectomy with drainage abscess and lumbo-sacral-illiac fusion. The culture of sacral tissue showed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The patient was treated with combination of four antituberculosis agents.
Los casos clínicos y la historia clínica electrónica desde la perspectiva de la Epidemiología: Big Data, procesamiento de lenguaje natural y otras metodologías
Authors: Soriano Joan B.
Published: January 2020

La Medicina Interna y la Epidemiología no son disciplinas contrapuestas, todo lo contrario. Las estimaciones más precisas de las tasas epidemiológicas de incidencia, prevalencia o mortalidad de muchas enfermedades proceden de estudios basados en una gran colección de registros hospitalarios de pacientes. Las historias clínicas están indexadas originalmente para su recuperación por diagnóstico para su uso clínico en pacientes individuales. Sin embargo, la cantidad y calidad de información recogida en estas historias clínicas puede utilizarse para determinar la historia natural de enfermedades agudas y crónicas, su interrelación, así como la eficacia y seguridad de sus tratamientos.
Relación IMC calcio sanguíneo de niños y adolescentes en escuelas rurales del cantón Cañar, periodo enero- junio 2019
Authors: Moncayo Rivera Christian Miguel , Lasso León Wilson Daniel , Moncayo Molina Walter Antonio , Rivera Hernández Pastora María
Published: January 2020

Introducción: El consumo de calcio en la dieta, en particular el proveniente de lácteos, se asocia con la reducción de peso corporal. Objetivo: Evaluar la ingesta de calcio y su relación con el sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes de 4 a 12 años escuelas rurales del cantón Cañar, periodo enero- junio 2019. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo transversal y cuasi experimental. Se evaluó el estado nutricional de 122 niños y adolescentes utilizando indicadores tales como el IMC, con resultados de sobre peso. Por otra parte, se obtuvieron muestras de sangre para obtener el calcio sérico de cada uno de los adolescentes y clasificarlos según los valores normales de este indicador. A lo largo de 6 meses se inició un plan de suplementos de calcio a base de leche semidescremada. Después de este tiempo a cada uno de los adolescentes se evaluó el IMC obteniendo resultados importantes. Resultados: Los intervalos de IMC 22 y 24, se encontraron en 42 adolescentes categorizados con sobrepeso y obesidad. En cuanto a los valores de calcio sérico de los adolescentes en estudio se encontró que en un porcentaje del 63,3% tenían valores normales, por otra parte, un 41,7 % obtuvo hipocalcemia. Por último, se obtuvo una asociación significativa entre los valores de calcio y el IMC tomados antes y después de la suplementación de calcio, a partir de la aplicación del coeficiente de Pearson. Conclusión: Existe relación entre la ingesta de calcio y el IMC en los adolescentes analizados.
Prevalencia del trastorno bipolar y factores asociados en las parroquias rurales del cantón Cuenca
Authors: Idrovo Idrovo Carla Alexandra , Moncayo Rivera Christian Miguel , Lasso León Wilson Daniel , Rivera Hernández Pastora María
Published: January 2020

Introducción: El trastorno bipolar es una patología del estado de ánimo que se caracteriza por episodios que cambian entre manía y depresión; el objetivo del estudio fue conocer la prevalencia y factores asociados del trastorno bipolar en la población de las parroquias rurales del cantón Cuenca.  Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal analítico. El universo estuvo conformado por 199.506 habitantes, a través de una muestra polietápica se evaluaron a 984 individuos de las parroquias El Valle, Tarqui y Checa. Se aplicó una entrevista sociodemográfica y el test MINI (Mini Entrevista Neuropsiquiátrica Internacional para adultos). Se incluyó personas de 18 años en adelante y se excluyó a individuos con alteraciones cognitivas y conductuales graves. Resultados: Se encontró que 32 personas presentaron trastorno bipolar actual que corresponde a una prevalencia del 3,30% de los cuales el 1,42%, se reportaron como trastorno único. Las personas que sufren manía actualmente representaron el 1,70% de la población; mientras que los que sufren hipomanía fueron el 1,50%. Se encontró un mayor porcentaje en el sexo femenino. El único factor asociado es el no convivir con una pareja, con un chi cuadrado de 11,60 (p: 0.00) con un OR de 2,20 (IC 1,39 – 3,50).  No existe asociación con estructura y funcionalidad familiar, situación laboral, migración, edad y sexo. Se consideró como comorbilidades: ansiedad y dependencia-abuso de alcohol y sustancias. Conclusiones: El trastorno bipolar tiene una prevalencia del 3,30%. El principal factor asociado fue vivir sin una pareja.
Effects of the Dictogloss Method in Teaching Listening Skills to Students
Authors: Akib Muhaiminah , Saputra Dian
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the dictogloss method in teaching listening to students' listening skills. This research was designed as a quasi-experimental. This study aims to investigate whether a material or treatment yields a different outcome for participants. There are two classes in this study, namely the experimental class (which is a sample to be treated with the dictogloss method) and the control class (using a method other than dictogloss). The results of this study are the results of data analysis showing that the results of learning skills in listening to the experimental group obtained the average value for the initial test of 60.33 and 71 for the final test score. While the control group using conventional methods has a mean value for the initial test of 60.1 and 70 for the final test. T test results also indicate that the significance value is 0,000. The significance value states smaller 0.05, it can be stated that Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, which means that there is an influence of the dictogloss method in improving listening skills in students
Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi Di Wilayah Hukum Kejaksaan
Authors: Tuasikal Hadi
Published: January 2020

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara dengan jumlah kasus korupsi yang terbilang cukup banyak. Secara harafiah korupsi merupakan sesuatu yang busuk, jahat, dan merusak.Sebagaimana terjadi dalam praktik, penyidikan kasus korupsi dilakukan oleh Polri, Kejaksaan atau Komisi PemberantasanKkorupsi. Untuk Polri dan KPK dasar hukum kewenangan Penyidikan tindak Pidana korupsi sudah jelas, yaitu Polri berdasarkan Undang-undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1981 Tentang Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Acara Pidana (KUHAP) serta Undang-undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2002 Tentang Kepolisian Republik Indonesia, dan KPK berdasarkan Pada Undang-undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2002 Tentang Komisi Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi.Namun untuk Jaksa, ada terdapat banyak Undang-undang yang berkaitan dengan kewenangan Jaksa dalam penyidikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi, sehingga dapat dan telah menimbulkan kebingungan dimasyarakat. Atas dasar inilah, penulis akan memfokuskan untuk membahas penyidikan Tindak Pidana Korupsi oleh Kejaksaan.
Karateristik Tanah Sawah Dari Batuan Lava-Vulkanik Di Lereng Gunung Lompobattang, Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Ahmad Asmita , Alamudi Zakina Fauzi , Lopulisa Christianto
Published: January 2020

Aktivitas vulkanik dan material yang dihasilkannya telah mempengaruhi proses pedogenesis tanah-tanah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karateristik morfologi serta mineralogi lahan sawah yang berkembang dari batuan vulkanik di kaki lereng Gunung Lompobattang Desa Bulukumpa Kabupaten Bulukumba Sulawesi Selatan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei melalui pengamatan dan deskripsi 3 buah profil sepanjang transek dan pengambilan contoh tanah, analisis mineralogi tanah dengan mikroskop polarisasi dan X-Ray Difraktometer (XRD). Hasil analisis sifat kimia tanah pada profil 3 menunjukkan horison A memiliki kandungan liat 67,45%, debu 28,93%, pasir 3,61%. Kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) 16 cmol(+)/kg, reaksi tanah (pH) 5,5 dan kejenuhan basa 36,75%. Horison B mempunyai tekstur liat dengan kandungan liat 83,28%, debu 7,16%, pasir 9,55%. Kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) yaitu 27,29 cmol(+)/kg, reaksi tanah (pH) 5,3 dan kejenuhan basa 27,29%. Kandungan mineral yang dijumpai pada profil 1 adalah mineral piroksin, kuarsa, muskovit, oksida besi, profil 2 mineral yang diidentifikasi adalah mineral plagioklas, kuarsa, oksida besi dan muskovit, dan profil 3 dijumpai mineral piroksin, muskovit, kuarsa dan oksida besi. Keberadaan mineral illit dan kaolinit pada ke 3 profil menggambarkan proses pedogenesis di daerah penelitian berada pada tahap sedang hingga lanjut.
Kajian Kelayakan Potensi Dan Strategi Pengembangan Ekowisata Di Taman Wisata Alam Klamono
Authors: Woersok Philipus V , Manusawai Jacob , Sinery Anton
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi ODTWA pada kawasan TWA Klamono dapat dikembangkan sebagai ekowisata dan mengetahui nilai kelayakan potensi ODTWA serta merumuskan strategi pengelolaan ekowisata pada kawasan TWA Klamon berdasarkan potensi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan teknik observasi dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa potensi ODTWA pada kawasan TWA Klamono meliputi potensi ekosistem, potensi lingkungan terdiri dari birdwatcing, Jungle Tracking dan Fishing serta potensi keanekaragaman hayati berupa flora dan fauna dan social ekonomi dan budaya masyarakat sekitar. Hasil evaluasi penilaian ODTWA di kawasan TWA Klamono diketahui bahwa kawasan tersebut layak untuk dikembangkan sebagai ekowisata dengan indeks kelayakan 78.25 %. Perumusan strategi pengembangan ekowisata di kawasan TWA Klamono berdasarkan potensi kawasan adalah sebagai berikut: ( a) adanyanya dukungan kebijakan pusat, provinsi dan kabupaten, adanya dukungan masyarakat untuk membuka kesempatan kerja dan berusaha, (b) mengupayakan terbentuknya Izin Usaha Pemanfaatan Jasa Wisata Alam (IUPJWA) dan Izin Usaha Pemanfaatan Sarana Wisata Alam (IUPSWA) sehingga menjadi dasar pengelolaan program serta diperlukan upaya-upaya promosi dan pemasaran guna menarik potensi pasar, memperkecil kendala aksesibilitas melalui penyediaan sarana prasarana pendukung kegiatan wisata.
Types of underfit stream valleys on the territory of Belarus
Authors: Kalicki Tomasz , Sanko Aleksander F. , Trifonov Yury Yu.
Published: January 2020

According to the materials of geological and geomorphological mapping and the results of the analysis of remote sen sing data (ERS), the authors identify several types of valleys of underfit rivers in Belarus. They differ from each other according to their relief, features of sediment accumulation and stages of postglacial evolution of river valleys. Their sections are located in the section of the meltwater valleys and within outwash plains. Authors distinguish: Dnieperian type (one active and one dead channel of the valley), Drutian type (narrow fluvial and wide non-fluvial zones within one valley, the valley bends may resemble the channel bends of the palaeo-river that formed the valley), West Berezinian type with erosion and non-erosion variant (all stages of river development are presented – from braided channels through large mean ders to small meanders), the Palaeo-Islochian type (dead river channels, including meandering on the outwash plains).
Assessment of organic carbon dynamics in podzolized chernozem soil in field crop rotation under the climate change
Authors: Polevoy Anatoliy N. , Bozko Ludmila E.
Published: January 2020

The work presents assessment of organic carbon in the soil and СО2 – C emissions for the ten-field crop rotation in a changing climate conditions. The expected weather conditions for the 2021–2050 are estimated with RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 models. The research uses the updated model for the soil carbon cycle RothC-26.3, which describes the dynamics of four active and one inert compartments of the soil organic matter. The numerical studies consider three variants of the ten-fields crops rotation: 1) growing crops without fertilizing; 2) fertilization with mineral fertilizers in N45 P45 K45 and N90P90K 90 doses; 3) fertilization with organic fertilizers in the amounts of 9 and 18 t/ha. The research object is the balance of organic carbon in the soil and СО2 – C emissions from all crop rotation fields and the singular crop rotation field in the climate change conditions.
A Cinema of Boredom: Heidegger, Cinematic Time and Spectatorship
Authors: Quaranta Chiara
Published: January 2020

Boredom, in cinema as well as in our everyday experience, is usually associated with a generalised loss of meaning or interest. Accordingly, boredom is often perceived as that which ought to be avoided. In Martin Heidegger's philosophical inquiry, however, boredom is posited as one of the fundamental existential dispositions that provide access to the possibility of philosophising. My contention is that boredom can be a tool for understanding spectatorship in cinema and, in contrast to the ordinary perception of boredom as something to escape, it can be a stimulus for reflecting on the images before us. To this end, I focus on Heidegger's tripartition of boredom – “becoming bored by something,” “being bored with something,” and “profound boredom” – and the ways in which these forms can be significant to cinema. I then consider boredom's potential for film spectatorship, differentiating between mainstream entertainment cinema as a means to evading boredom and less immersive forms of cinema which allow for boredom to remain present. On the one hand, “profound boredom” disrupts the potentially alienated relationship between spectators and spectacle-images by opening up a time which becomes long – something which Isidore Isou's On Venom and Eternity (Traité de Bave et d'Éternité, 1951) and, less manifestly, Michelangelo Antonioni's L'Eclisse (1962) and Ingmar Bergman's Cries and Whispers (Viskningar och rop, 1972) deliberately arouse. Thus, profound boredom can be a tool to criticise the spectacularised image in the cinema, promoting a pensive spectatorship. On the other hand, the escapism endorsed by mainstream narrative cinema can dialectically reveal the contemporary anxiety of horror vacui, therefore turning boredom into a means for investigating our relationship with time and the image. This article ultimately argues that boredom – that from which we daily try to shy away – has the potential to un-conceal the ways we understand and interact with moving images in the world we currently inhabit.
The Narrative Arc Bends toward Justice: Storytelling in Classroom and Community
Authors: Syeed Esa
Published: January 2020

The paper presents practical ways in which narrative and storytelling can be used as empowering tools for students of political and social change. The perspectives and applications I discuss have emerged from work with non-traditional and minoritized students in classroom and community contexts. Thematically, the paper will focus on two key ways in which students may engage with narrative. First, students may come to understand and analyze stories as forms of knowledge that are not often valued. Second, students can evaluate and practice storytelling as a strategy for social change. For each broad theme, I briefly discuss relevant scholarly work to situate the various applications presented below. In the sections that follow, I present models for how narrative can build inclusion in the classroom and promote engagement in the community.
Do simulations improve higher-order learning outcomes? Evaluating student learning through a simulated regional trade agreement negotiation
Authors: Edwards Margaret , Kerevel Yann , Hultquist Philip
Published: January 2020

When the subject matter is difficult for students, such international trade, achieving higher-order learning can be challenging. We developed a regional trade agreement simulation (RTA) to help solve student learning difficulties. In the simulation, students attempt to negotiate a RTA in small groups over two weeks. We then use this RTA simulation to evaluate whether it contributes to student knowledge, motivation, and critical thinking ability. Most previous studies have been limited to investigating student knowledge retention and motivation, but it remains an open question whether active learning techniques (like simulations) help achieve higher-order, critical thinking learning objectives. We have conducted surveys and pre-/post-tests in three courses at different universities. From multiple-choice questions and essay responses, we evaluate the simulation's contributions to student knowledge attainment, motivation about the subject, and improvements in critical thinking ability.
Potentilla rugulosa Nakai Extract Attenuates Bisphenol A-, S- and F-Induced ROS Production and Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes in the Absence of Dexamethasone
Authors: Choi Sun-Il , Lee Jong Seok , Lee Sarah , Sim Wan-Sup , Kim Young-Cheul , Lee Ok-Hwan
Published: January 2020

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) disrupt the physiological metabolism, thus playing an important role in the development of obesity. EDCs, the so-called ‘obesogens’, might predispose some individuals to gain weight. This study investigated the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and its alternatives (BPS and BPF) on adipocyte differentiation and the effects of the leaves of Potentilla rugulosa Nakai extract (LPE) as a functional food ingredient on obesogen-induced lipid production and adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. The results showed that LPE has high total phenolic and flavonoid contents (77.58 ± 0.57 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g and 57.31 ± 1.72 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g, respectively). In addition, LPE exerted significant antioxidant effects in terms of DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power, ferric-ion reducing antioxidant power, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity. BPA, BPS, and BPF increased lipid accumulation, protein expressions of adipogenic transcription factors (PPAR-γ, C/EBP-α, and aP2), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in 3T3-L1 cells. However, LPE suppressed the BPA-, BPS-, and BPF-induced effects on adipogenesis. Therefore, LPE has potential as a functional food supplement that can prevent bisphenol-induced lipid metabolism disorders.
Evaluation of the Food Contact Suitability of Aged Bio-Nanocomposite Materials Dedicated to Food Packaging Applications
Authors: Lajarrige Anaïs , Gontard Nathalie , Gaucel Sébastien , Peyron Stéphane
Published: January 2020

Nanocomposite materials based on bio-polyesters (PBSA and PHBV) have been evaluated for their suitability for food contact according to the recommendations defined for non-biodegradable plastic materials, and subsequently, according to accelerated aging treatment. On the basis of the limited number of material/migrant/food simulant combinations studied here, the test for migration, using food simulants, appeared directly applicable to testing such materials which are not considered humidity-sensitive materials. Considering the only compliance criterion that must be met by the materials in contact, the materials submitted to the aging processing are not of safety concern and the incorporation of nanoclays in aged biodegradable materials does not interfere with their inertial properties in a dramatic way. At the molecular scale, the UV irradiation proved to induce an increase in the degree of crystallinity, resulting in a modification of transport properties of both packaging materials. The values of overall migration and specific migration were reduced without decreasing the diffusion coefficients of the target additives. The UV treatment and the addition of nanoparticles, therefore, seem to jointly promote the retention of organic compounds in the materials by increasing their affinity for packaging material.
Evaluation of Long-Term Performance for Bonded Natural Stone Pavement Using Accelerated Pavement Test [Part Ⅱ: Skid Resistance, Response of Deflection and FEM Analysis]
Authors: Gong Junho , Han Eui-Seok , Park Sun-Kyu , Cho Dooyong
Published: January 2020

Natural stone-paved roads have been generally used to preserve historical regions due to its architectural aesthetic aspect and environmental impact. However, there are limitations of travelling speed and traffic volume owing to the defects caused by the increased traffic loading and volume. To deal with these hindrances, ultra-rapid-hardening cement for both jointing and laying course materials in rigid small element pavement was considered. The objective of the present study was to continuously evaluate and compare the long-term performance of the suggested bound stone pavement throughout the various test criteria such as skid resistance and Falling Weight Deflectometer tests. The skid resistance outcome was met to the requirement and the response of deflection was measured following by related test method. To compare rut depth, the Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis was performed by modelling with material properties and by creating the loading cycle for imitating the Accelerated Pavement Testing (APT). The maximum deflections of asphalt, concrete block, stone A and stone B were calculated to 17.7, 6.1, 6.3, and 3.6 mm, respectively. Compared to the final outcomes of APT and FEM analysis, there was a difference ranging from 2.1 to 2.3 mm in bound stone pavement B and A, respectively.
Writing with Music: Self-Reflexivity in the Screenplays of Walter Reisch
Authors: Tieber Claus , Wintersteller Christina
Published: January 2020

Self-reflexivity is a significant characteristic of Austro-German cinema during the early sound film period, particular in films that revolve around musical topics. Many examples of self-reflexive cinematic instances are connected to music in one way or another. The various ways in which music is integrated in films can produce instances of intertextuality, inter- and transmediality, and self-referentiality. However, instead of relying solely on the analysis of the films in order to interrogate the conception of such scenes, this article examines several screenplays. They include musical instructions and motivations for diegetic musical performances. However, not only music itself, but also music as a subject matter can be found in these screenplays, as part of the dialogue or instructions for the mis-en-scène. The work of Austrian screenwriter and director Walter Reisch (1903–1983) will serve as a case study to discuss various forms of self-reflexivity in the context of genre studies, screenwriting studies and the early sound film. Different forms and categories of self-referential uses of music in Reisch’s work will be examined and contextualized within early sound cinema in Austria and Germany in the 1930s. The results of this investigation suggest that Reisch’s early screenplays demonstrate that the amount of self-reflexivity in early Austro-German music films is closely connected to music. Self-referential devices were closely connected to generic conventions during the formative years and particularly highlight characteristics of Reisch’s writing style. The relatively early emergence of self-reflexive and “self-conscious” moments of music in film already during the silent period provides a perfect starting point to advance discussions about the musical discourse in film, as well as the role and functions of screenplays and screenwriters in this context.
Synthetic Lethal Targeting of Mitotic Checkpoints in HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Deneka Alexander Y. , Einarson Margret B. , Bennett John , Nikonova Anna S. , Elmekawy Mohamed , Zhou Yan , Lee Jong Woo , Burtness Barbara A. , Golemis Erica A.
Published: January 2020

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) affect more than 800,000 people annually worldwide, causing over 15,000 deaths in the US. Among HNSCC cancers, human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative HNSCC has the worst outcome, motivating efforts to improve therapy for this disease. The most common mutational events in HPV-negative HNSCC are inactivation of the tumor suppressors TP53 (>85%) and CDKN2A (>57%), which significantly impairs G1/S checkpoints, causing reliance on other cell cycle checkpoints to repair ongoing replication damage. We evaluated a panel of cell cycle-targeting clinical agents in a group of HNSCC cell lines to identify a subset of drugs with single-agent activity in reducing cell viability. Subsequent analyses demonstrated potent combination activity between the CHK1/2 inhibitor LY2606268 (prexasertib), which eliminates a G2 checkpoint, and the WEE1 inhibitor AZD1775 (adavosertib), which promotes M-phase entry, in induction of DNA damage, mitotic catastrophe, and apoptosis, and reduction of anchorage independent growth and clonogenic capacity. These phenotypes were accompanied by more significantly reduced activation of CHK1 and its paralog CHK2, and enhanced CDK1 activation, eliminating breaks on the mitotic entry of cells with DNA damage. These data suggest the potential value of dual inhibition of CHK1 and WEE1 in tumors with compromised G1/S checkpoints.
Cannabis Sativa Revisited—Crosstalk between microRNA Expression, Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Endocannabinoid Response System in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis
Authors: Dinu Anca Raluca , Rogobete Alexandru Florin , Bratu Tiberiu , Popovici Sonia Elena , Bedreag Ovidiu Horea , Papurica Marius , Bratu Lavinia Melania , Sandesc Dorel
Published: January 2020

Critically ill patients with sepsis require a multidisciplinary approach, as this situation implies multiorgan distress, with most of the bodily biochemical and cellular systems being affected by the condition. Moreover, sepsis is characterized by a multitude of biochemical interactions and by dynamic changes of the immune system. At the moment, there is a gap in our understanding of the cellular, genetic, and molecular mechanisms involved in sepsis. One of the systems intensely studied in recent years is the endocannabinoid signaling pathway, as light was shed over a series of important interactions of cannabinoid receptors with biochemical pathways, specifically for sepsis. Furthermore, a series of important implications on inflammation and the immune system that are induced by the activity of cannabinoid receptors stimulated by the delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) have been noticed. One of the most important is their ability to reduce the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators and the modulation of immune mechanisms. Different studies have reported that cannabinoids can reduce oxidative stress at mitochondrial and cellular levels. The aim of this review paper was to present, in detail, the important mechanisms modulated by the endocannabinoid signaling pathway, as well as of the molecular and cellular links it has with sepsis. At the same time, we wish to present the possible implications of cannabinoids in the most important biological pathways involved in sepsis, such as inflammation, redox activity, immune system, and epigenetic expression.
uPAR Knockout Results in a Deep Glycolytic and OXPHOS Reprogramming in Melanoma and Colon Carcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: Biagioni Alessio , Laurenzana Anna , Chillà Anastasia , Del Rosso Mario , Andreucci Elena , Poteti Martina , Bani Daniele , Guasti Daniele , Fibbi Gabriella , Margheri Francesca
Published: January 2020

Urokinase Plasminogen Activator (uPA) Receptor (uPAR) is a well-known GPI-anchored three-domain membrane protein with pro-tumor roles largely shown in all the malignant tumors where it is over-expressed. Here we have exploited the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 gene knock out approach to investigate its role in the oxidative metabolism in human melanoma and colon cancer as the consequences of its irreversible loss. Knocking out PLAUR, a uPAR-encoding gene, in A375p, A375M6 and HCT116, which are two human melanoma and a colon carcinoma, respectively, we have observed an increased number of mitochondria in the two melanoma cell lines, while we evidenced an immature biogenesis of mitochondria in the colon carcinoma culture. Such biological diversity is, however, reflected in a significant enhancement of the mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity, fueled by an increased expression of GLS2, and in a decreased glycolysis paired with an increased secretion of lactate by all uPAR KO cells. We speculated that this discrepancy might be explained by an impaired ratio between LDHA and LDHB.
A Simple Method to Identify Potential Groundwater-Dependent Vegetation Using NDVI MODIS
Authors: Páscoa Patrícia , Gouveia Célia M. , Kurz-Besson Cathy
Published: January 2020

The potential groundwater-dependent vegetation (pGDV) in the Iberian Peninsula (IP) was mapped, with a simple method, hereafter referred to as SRS-pGDV, that uses only Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) time series retrieved from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra V6 product, covering the period February 2000 to April 2018. NDVI was standardized, to minimize the effect of the different land cover types. The extreme drought event of 2004/2005 was used to perform the classification. Considering the water scarcity that affected vegetation in the IP during this event, it was postulated that vegetation showing a high standardized NDVI should be classified as pGDV. Irrigated vegetation and areas with sparse vegetation were eliminated. A cluster analysis was performed, in order to classify the pixels as more/less likely to be pGDV. The results obtained were compared with modeled water table depth, and a propensity of pixels identified as pGDV in areas with low water table depth was clearly observed. However, based on CORINE Land Cover types, some areas identified as pGDV are likely irrigated, such as fruit-tree plantations; this inference is in line with the postulated criterion of vegetation access to sources of water other than precipitation. SRS-pGDV could also be applied to regional studies, using NDVI with a higher spatial resolution.