bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electrospun Nanofibrous Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-Co-3-Hydroxyvalerate) With Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Andaloussi Samir Abbad , Versace Davy Louis , Renard Estelle , Dessauw Etienne , Langlois Valerie
Published: August 2019

Elaboration of electrospun nanofibrous poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBHV)-based mats was implemented through two routes to obtain antibacterial material containing carvacrol, a phenolic compound extracted from essential oils. The first strategy relied on a direct blend of PHBHV and carvacrol/-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, PHBHV (carvCD-IC), while the second approach implied the elaboration of multilayered scaffold via the introduction of poly(β-CD-epichlorohydrin), PolyCD. The PolyCD/carv-based mat was electrospun between two hydrophobic PHBHV mats. Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis of mats showed uniform and beadless fibers. The three layered materials [PHBHV-(PolyCD/carv)-PHBHV] is sufficient to ensure optimal antiradical activity (RSA of 88.6%) and exhibit interesting antibacterial activities against E. coli and S. aureus.
Diets containing naturally occurring iron or naturally occurring iron plus supplemental ferrous sulfate both maintain normal hematological status in adult dogs
Authors: Shoveller Anna K. , Minikhiem Debbie , Kuhlman Gail , Cargo-Froom Cara , Boebel Kathy
Published: August 2019

Iron is an essential mineral for dogs due to its roles in physiological processes. The NRC recommends the adequate intake for iron in adult dogs is 0.5 mg/kg of body weight. While iron should be present in high enough concentrations in the diet to maintain normal hematological status and prevent iron deficiency anemia, too much dietary iron can increase lipid oxidation in the food during preparation and storage, subsequently reducing shelf life, palatability, and nutritional content of foods. In general, iron is supplemented to diets to ensure that no dogs are deficient. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the ability of a diet containing either 0 mg/kg or 80 mg/kg supplemental iron to support normal hematological parameters in adult dogs. Twenty-two adult dogs were randomly assigned to one of two treatment diets: Test Diet 1, Experimental maintenance formula with 115 mg/kg endogenous iron + 0 mg/kg supplemental iron; and Test Diet 2, Experimental maintenance formula with 115 mg/kg endogenous iron + 80 mg/kg supplemental iron (ferrous sulfate). Dogs consumed treatment diets for 26 weeks, with clinical assessments (e.g., hemoglobin concentration/total iron binding capacity) assessed throughout the trial (0, 2, 4, and 6 months). Baseline iron related endpoints were not different between diet treatments (P > 0.50), except for mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations (P = 0.046). No differences were found for iron related end points between the two diet treatments (P>0.05) at any time point. In some diets no supplemental iron will be needed, based on the diet matrix, whereas others may require some supplemental iron. By reducing iron inclusion in the formulations of canine diets, food stability and shelf life may be improved. This reduction in supplemental iron can also reduce cost of formulation, benefiting food manufacturers, consumers, and adult dogs.
Gallbladder volvulus: a case report
Authors: Urbonas Tomas
Published: August 2019

The gallbladder volvulus is a rare condition. There have been around 500 cases described worldwide. It is
virtually impossible to diagnose it clinically as symptoms are analogous to those of acute cholecystitis.
Small proportion of gallbladder volvulus cases get accurately diagnosed preoperatively according to
available literature. The imaging such as computer tomography plays a crucial role in diagnosing this
condition. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered to be a gold standard treatment for this condition.
In our report we present a case of gallbladder volvulus which was successfully diagnosed by means of
computer tomography scan
Sociolinguistics Background Determining Linguistic Politeness
Authors: Khasanah Shokhikhatul
Published: August 2019

This article is intended to show that Sociolinguistics background influences linguistic behavior among people. The way people communicate with other is vary based on their Sociolinguistics background; included the way to show Politeness. Thus, the difference Sociolinguistics background will determine the linguistic Politeness. Politeness is a concept which seeks to give respect to other when we are speaking. Some Sociolinguistics backgrounds that determine Linguistic Politeness, such as: power relationship and social distance, education, social status, job profession, gender, and ethnicity
Telaah Perilaku Salah Suai dalam Pendidikan Islam Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Bakri Annisa Rahmilah , Indri M Dwi Bhakti
Published: August 2019

Pada saat sekarang ini masyarakat dibuat heran kan nilai – nilai kemanusiaan yang telah hilang aat ini. Anak – anak yang  seharusnya merupakan generasi penerus bangsa telah dirusak masa depannya oleh perilaku orang – orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Media yang seharusnya gunakan untuk komunikasi di salah gunakanleh orang – orang yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Terjadinya penyimpangan perikaku pada ada karena kurangnya komunikasi yang baik dengan orang tua, kurangnya pengawasan yang diberikan kepada anak, sehingga anak menjadi mudah terpengaruh dengan dunia luar tanpa pengawasan orang tua. Untuk menghindari semua hal tersebut diperlukan terjalinnya komunikasi yang baik antara orang tua dan anak,sehingga orang tua dapat mengetahui apa saja yang dilakukan oleh anak dan apa saja yang di rasakan oleh anak, terlebih lagi di era digital sekarang ini. Kondisi lingkungan dan juga orang tua sangat mempengaruhi perkembangan anak selanjutnya. Setelah semua hal itu menjadi satu bisa di pastikan bahwa akan mengurangiperilaku menyimpang pada anak. Apa lagi dengan anak – anak usia dini yang masih  mudah untuk dipengaruhi, maka dari itu sangat diperlukan pengawasan – pengawasan dari orang tua maupun pendidik dalam mendidik anak, karena anak usia dini adalah imitasi terbaik, anak – anak akan sangat mudah meniru apa saja yang dilakukan oleh orang yang berada di sekitarnya apalagi hal tersebut adalah orang tuanya sendiri maka juga anak akan lebih mudah meniru. Maka dari itu orang tua perlu untuk menjaga sikap di dihadapan anak agar tidak terjadi perilaku menyimpang pada anak dan perkembangannya.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbasis Screamble pada Mata Pelajaran Akidah Akhlak Pokok Bahasan Akhlak Terpuji Nabi dan Rasulkelas IV MI NU Purwosari Metro
Authors: Lumiani Iim , Yusuf Muhammad , Khoiriyah Binti , Mahmudah Masrurotul
Published: August 2019

Pendidikan merupakan suatu proses dalam rangka mempengaruhi peserta didik supaya mampu menyesuaikan diri sebaik mungkin dengan lingkungannya. Untuk itu dalam proses pembelajaran diperlukan suatu metode pembelajaran yang dapat membuat peserta didik itu memiliki rasa nyaman, aman dan senang dengan mata pelajaran yang digunakan. Maka metode pembelajaran yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode pembelajaran screamble. Screamble merupakan salah satu metode pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi dan kecepatan berpikir siswa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R & D). Peniliaian bahan ajar ini menggunakan angket, yang dinilai oleh ahli materi, ahli media. Pertanyaan untuk setiap angket memiliki jumlah butir soal yang berbeda sesuai dengan ahli masing-masing. Dalam uji coba itu ada dua tahapan yaitu uji coba terbatas dengan 6 orang siswa dan uji coba pemakaian dengan 27 siswa. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan revisi bahan ajar untuk masing-masing ahli sebanyak dua kali, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari bahan ajar yang dikembangkan.Dari penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh hasil validasi dari masing-masing ahli seperti ahli materi memperoleh skor sebesar 3,5, dan ahli media memperoleh skor sebesar 3,4, serta dalam uji coba terbatas dan uji coba pemakaian yang dilakukan oleh guru yang memperoleh skor 3,6 dan siswa mendapatkan skor sebesar 3.76 dengan kategori sangat baik. Sehingga bahan ajar berbasis screamble yang dikembangkan sangat layak digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Melalui Model Discovery Learning
Authors: Sa'diyah Awalus , Dwikurnaningsih Yari
Published: August 2019

This research aims to improve critical thinking skills on thematic learning of fourth-grade elementary school through discovery learning model. The design of the study was based on classroom action research by Kemmis & McTaggart with two cycles. This research procedure was done by implementing discovery learning model which was planned, action, observation, and reflection. The quantitative and qualitative data were compared to the data analysis technique. The sample of this research was eighteens fourth-grade public elementary school in Kutowinangun 11. The results showed that implementation discovery learning model in thematic learning could increase critical thinking skills’ student of the fourth-grade public elementary school in Kutowinangun 11with average of an increasing percentage of critical thinking skills was 16.04%, with the average score in cycle 1 was 68 and cycle 2 was 81. Increasing critical thinking skills occurs through discovery learning steps includes stimulation, problem statements, data collection, data processing, verification, and generalization.
Two new species of the genus Eusterinx Förster (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Orthocentrinae) from Mexico
Authors: Humala A.E. , Ruíz-Cancino E.
Published: August 2019

Two species of the genus Eusterinx Förster from the Mexican State of Tamaulipas are described: E. (Divinatrix) longipes sp. nov. and E. (Ischyracis) tenuiventris sp. nov.
A Review of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) on Qualitative Research
Authors: Armayanti Rika
Published: August 2019

This article discusses critical discourse theory as a qualitative research theory. Analytical frameworks include analysis of texts, communication and social practices in local, corporate and social levels. It has the goal of expressing and engaging in politics to discuss or deal with certain research methods, statements or values. It refers to the need to explain, understand, analyze, and criticize social life that reflects in text using critical discourse analysis. According to Lake (1996), “the authors use texts to understand their world and at the same time, the article admits to creating actions and social relationships in everyday life, while text positions and individual buildings provide different meanings, ideas, and world versions”.
Competitividad y su incidencia en el desempeño empresarial del sector hotelero del cantón Salinas
Authors: Vera Campuzano Nury , Collins Ventura Nathyn , Carrera Endara Carlos
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo propone un análisis de la competitividad y su incidencia en el desempeño empresarial del Sector Hotelero del cantón Salina. El objetivo general es: Diseñar un modelo de proceso de competividad empresarial, con el fin de determinar beneficios y proponer alternativas de solución y desarrollo basadas en principios del turismo sostenido. La investigación abarca la recopilación de información técnica y de campo en todos los aspectos de la actividad hotelera, utilizando herramientas de trabajo como entrevistas, encuestas, observación directa e indirecta, estadísticas. El modelo basado en la mejora de la competitividad del sector hotelero, pretende fortalecer el desempeño organizacional; busca identificar e implementar componentes de competitividad que permita la mejora continua, tales como: efectividad administrativa, actitud positiva ante el trabajo en equipo, orientación al cliente, ubicación estratégica, compromiso constante, liderazgo y apoyo sistemático, gestión por procesos, y uso adecuado de tecnologías.
UJI TOKSISITAS ORAL AKUT SINGLE DOSE FILTRAT BUAH LUWINGAN (Ficus hispida L.f.) PADA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout, 1769) GALUR WISTAR
Authors: Fitria Laksmindra
Published: August 2019

Genus Ficus is important plant for health benefits. Hairy fig (F. hispida) trees grow abundantly in tropical regions and fruiting throughout the year. In West Asian countries, the fruit is commonly used as food and medicinal materials. However, in Indonesia, the fruit has not been utilized. First step in exploring the potential of natural resources for consumption is toxicity test to provide information about safety and adverse effects. This research was aimed to study acute oral toxicity of young and ripe hairy fig fruits using Wistar rats as model. Procedure followed OECD Guideline Test No.420 with modification. Pure filtrate (100 %) of young or ripe fruits were administered orally at volume 1 mL/individual on day-0 in fasting animals. Control received distilled water in the same way. Parameters observed including mortality, sublethal effects, behavior/activities, body weight, complete blood count, as well as evaluation of liver, heart, and renal functions. Results showed that values for all variables fluctuated during the experiment but eventually back into normal range. However, the number of lymphocytes elevated until the end of experiment (day-14) thus increased the total leukocytes count. Accordingly, we are preparing to conduct further toxicity tests to investigate this finding.
Key words : acute oral toxicity, Ficus hispida, fruit filtrate, hairy fig, single dose toxicity
Üniversite Sıralamalarında Metodoloji: Gerçekte Ölçülen Ne?
Authors: OKUYUCU Hasan
Published: August 2019

Üniversite sıralamaları son yıllarda oldukça popüler hale geldi. İlk İngiltere ve ABD merkezli kuruluşların başlattığı sıralama günümüzde yüzden fazla kurum tarafından yapılmaktadır. Çok sayıda sıralama yapan kurum olmasına rağmen sıralama yapan kuruluşların sıralamaya veri olarak kullandıkları bilgiler Web of Science, Scopus ve Google Scholar gibi akademik yayın verilerini kayıt eden kurumlardan temin edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada sıralama yapan kurumlardan 3 tanesi seçilmiş ve bu sıralamalarda kullanılan metodoloji irdelenmiştir. Seçilen kriterlerin ağırlıkları, nasıl bilgi toplandığı ve nihai puanlamaların nasıl yapıldığı açıklanmıştır. Sıralama metodunun üniversitenin fonksiyonu olan ArGe-Eğitim-topluma katkı unsurlarını nasıl ölçtüğü ve bu bağlamda kaliteyi nasıl yansıttığı tartışılmıştır.
Türkiye Üniversitelerinde İnsan Hakları Derslerine ve Çalışmalarına İlişkin Niceliksel Bir İnceleme
Authors: KALEM BERK Seda
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışma, Ağustos 2017-Şubat 2018 zaman
diliminde gerçekleştirilen “Türkiye’de Yükseköğretimde İnsan Hakları
Öğreniminin Durumu” araştırma projesinin bulgularına dayanmaktadır.

Bu çalışma, Ağustos 2017-Şubat 2018 zaman diliminde gerçekleştirilen “Türkiye’de Yükseköğretimde İnsan Hakları Öğreniminin Durumu” araştırma projesinin bulgularına dayanmaktadır.* Projenin amacı, üniversitelerin hukuk fakültelerinde ve siyasal/kamu programlarında verilen lisans ve yüksek lisans dersleri ile bu üniversitelerdeki araştırma merkezlerinin çalışmaları üzerinden insan hakları alanındaki akademik bilgiye ilişkin kapsamlı bir veri tabanı oluşturmaktır. Türkiye’de insan hakları eğitimi özellikle 1990lı yıllardan itibaren gerek kamu bürokrasisi içerisinde gerek sivil toplumda gerekse akademik çevrelerde giderek artan bir ilgi görmüştür. Bu eğitim faaliyetleri ağırlıklı olarak çeşitli gruplara yönelik farkındalık artırma ve bilgi ve beceri kazandırma faaliyetleri olarak karşımıza çıkar. Öte yandan, insan haklarının gençlerin eğitiminde bir sosyal sorumluluk ve toplumsal bilinç geliştirme yöntemi olarak nasıl kullanıldığına yönelik çalışmalar ise bu eğitimin ilk-orta ve lise seviyesindeki durumuna odaklanır. İnsan haklarının yükseköğretim müfredatındaki yerine, bu alanda üretilen bilginin niceliğine ve niteliğine ilişkin çalışmaların ise yok denecek kadar az olduğu görülür. Bu bağlamda, makaleye konu olan çalışma tam da bu boşluğu doldurmak için öncelikli olarak bir mevcut durum tespiti araştırması olarak tasarlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışma öncelikli olarak niceliksel bilgiler barındırmakla beraber, Türkiye’de yükseköğretimde insan hakları alanında üretilen ve paylaşılan bilginin niteliğine ve etkilerine ilişkin yapılacak daha derinlemesine çalışmalara da ışık tutacaktır. Bu makalede sadece siyasal bilimler/kamu yönetimi bölümlerindeki ve üniversitelerdeki insan hakları merkezlerindeki durum değerlendirilecek, hukuk fakülteleri ise başka bir çalışmanın konusu olacaktır.
Çalışanlara Uygulanan Mobbing, Psikolojik Şiddet ve İntihar Eğilimlerinin Sosyo Ekonomik Etkileri
Authors: AVCI Ayla
Published: August 2019

Bireylerin günlük yaşamda yaşadıkları olumsuzluklar, fiziksel ve ruhsal olarak hastalıklar yaşamasına ve dolayısıyla en nihayetinde intihar gibi trajik sonların ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmaktadır. Özellikle yirmibirinci yüzyılın en önemli problemi iş yerlerinde yaşanan, çalışanlar ve üst-ast arasında meydana gelen psikolojik şiddet ve mobbing uygulamaları bu istenmeyen ve üzücü durumlara en büyük etkendir. Çalışmada  mobbing ve psikolojik şiddet unsurları incelenerek çalışanlarda yaşanan intihar olaylarındaki artışın önlenmesi için gerekli çözüm üretme yöntemleri irdelenmiştir.
Akademik Teşvik Tabanlı Yeni Bir Performans Değerlendirme Önerisi ve Uygulama
Authors: EREN Tamer , HAMURCU Mustafa
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışmada, akademik teşvik tabanlı yeni bir performans değerlendirme modeli önerilmiştir. Önerilen yeni modelde, akademik teşvik puanları temel alınarak çok kriterli karar verme yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. İlk olarak Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) ile akademik faaliyetler için ağırlıklandırma yapılmış ve sonra TOPSIS yöntemi ile devlet üniversitesine bağlı fakültelerin akademik performansları sıralanmıştır. Aynı zamanda çalışmada bir fakültenin bölümleri ve fakültede yer alan akademik personelin performanslarının değerlendirilmesi de yapılmıştır. Önerilen yeni model, toplam akademik puan, ortalama akademik teşvik puanı ve akademik teşvikten yararlanan personel oranları ile yapılan sıralamalar ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçta önerilen yeni model uygulanmış, etkili ve tarafsız bir değerlendirme ile performans sıralamasına olanak sağladığı görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda değerlendirmelere yer verilerek hem önerilen model hem de uygulanmakta olan akademik teşvik ödeneği hakkında önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Türk Yükseköğreniminin Görünümü: Betimsel Bir Analiz
Authors: TOPRAK Metin , KOLAT Deniz , ŞENGÜL Mehmet , ERDOĞAN Armağan
Published: August 2019

Türk yükseköğrenim sisteminin nicel göstergeler itibariyle temel özellikleri; eğitim program çeşidi, eğitim program sayısı ve programlar itibariyle öğrenci ve öğretim elemanı sayıları, ekonomik sektörlerin ihtiyaç duyduğu insan kaynağı bakımından hayati önemdedir. Yine, beş yıllık kalkınma planlarında ekonomik sektörler bazında nicel ve nitel insan kaynağı öngörüsü bakımından yükseköğrenim sisteminin röntgeninin çekilmesi kritik önemdedir. Bu çalışmada, uluslararası standart eğitim sınıflaması (ISCED) çerçevesinde, Türk yükseköğrenim sistemi nicel verilere dayalı olarak ele alınmaktadır. Böylece, Türk yükseköğrenim sisteminin, temel özellikleri itibariyle uluslararası karşılaştırmalara imkan vermesi sağlanacaktır. Sonuç olarak, eğitim sınıflaması (ISCED), meslek ve uğraşı sınıflaması (ISCO) ve ekonomik faaliyet sınıflaması (ISIC) arasında kurulacak bağlantılara dayalı insan kaynakları planlaması hem ulusal politikalar bakımından hem de uluslararası raporlama ve karşılaştırmalar bakımından yararlı olacaktır.
Türkiye’de Uygulamalı Sosyal Bilim Sorunsalı: Uygulamalı Psikoloji Ekseninde Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: ERSAHİN Zehra
Published: August 2019

Bu çalışma, sosyal bilimlerin ülkemiz coğrafyasında Psikoloji bilimi başta olmak üzere üniversitelerin eğitim ve politikalar bağlamında yaşadığı uygulama sorunlarını, uygulama temelli bir bilim anlayışının oluşturulmasına engel teşkil eden süreç ve dinamikleri ve buna karşı üniversitelerin bir sorumluluk hassasiyetiyle üstlenmesi beklenen rolleri konu almaktadır. Literatürde uygulamalı sosyal bilimler, toplumsal alanlara yönelik ve stajla beraber uygulama eğitimlerinin verildiği psikoloji ve psikolojik danışmanlık, sosyoloji, sosyal hizmetler, siyaset bilimi, ekonomi, antropoloji, arabuluculuk ve demografi gibi bilim ve çalışma alanlarını kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada, Türkiye bağlamında, sosyal bilimlerin yaşadığı ithal kavramsallaşma sorununu ve bilimsel altyapıdaki azgelişmiş uygulama dinamikleri üzerinde durulmakta ve yerel uygulama modellerine olan ihtiyaçlar tartışılmaktadır. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde, sosyal bilimlerin kavramsal çerçevesi ortaya koyulmakta, doğu ve batı eksenli altyapısı ve tarihsel gelişim süreçleri göz önünde bulundurularak temellendirilmektedir. Sonraki bölümde, sosyal bilimlerin, bilim dünyasındaki konumunu metodolojik altyapısı, teori ve uygulama düzeyinde karşılaşılan güçlük ve önyargılar ele alınmaktadır. Son bölümde ise, araştırma odaklı teori-uygulama modelleri geliştirmek adına sorumlu olabilecek paydaşlar ve olası araştırma konuları tartışılmaktadır.
Optimizing Machine Learning Methods to Improve Predictive Models of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ezzati Ali , Zammit Andrea R. , Harvey Danielle J. , Habeck Christian , Hall Charles B. , Lipton Richard B. ,   for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: August 2019

Background:

Predicting clinical course of cognitive decline can boost clinical trials’ power and improve our clinical decision-making. Machine learning (ML) algorithms are specifically designed for the purpose of prediction; however. identifying optimal features or algorithms is still a challenge.

Objective:

To investigate the accuracy of different ML methods and different features to classify cognitively normal (CN) individuals from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and to predict longitudinal outcome in participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods:

A total of 1,329 participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) were included: 424 CN, 656 MCI, and 249 AD individuals. Four feature-sets at baseline (hippocampal volume and volume of 47 cortical and subcortical regions with and without demographics and APOE4) and six machine learning methods (decision trees, support vector machines, K-nearest neighbor, ensemble linear discriminant, boosted trees, and random forests) were used to classify participants with normal cognition from participants with AD. Subsequently the model with best classification performance was used for predicting clinical outcome of MCI participants.

Results:

Ensemble linear discriminant models using demographics and all volumetric magnetic resonance imaging measures as feature-set showed the best performance in classification of CN versus AD participants (accuracy = 92.8%, sensitivity = 95.8%, and specificity = 88.3%). Prediction accuracy of future conversion from MCI to AD for this ensemble linear discriminant at 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months was 63.8% (sensitivity = 74.4, specificity = 63.1), 68.9% (sensitivity = 75.9, specificity = 67.8), 74.9% (sensitivity = 71.5, specificity = 76.3), 75.3%, (sensitivity = 65.2, specificity = 79.7), and 77.0% (sensitivity = 59.6, specificity = 86.1), respectively.

Conclusions:

Machine learning models trained for classification of CN versus AD can improve our prediction ability of MCI conversion to AD.
Activity in Memory Brain Networks During Encoding Differentiates Mild Cognitive Impairment Converters from Non-Converters
Authors: Aguirre Naiara , Costumero Víctor , Marin-Marin Lidón , Escudero Joaquín , Belloch Vicente , Parcet María Antonia , Ávila César
Published: August 2019

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been associated with memory impairment due to alterations in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and the precuneus. Therefore, the goal of this study was to investigate the effects of AD on the brain networks associated with the hippocampus and precuneus during an encoding memory task. 68 mild cognitive impairment patients (MCI), 21 AD patients, and 20 healthy controls (HC) were included. Participants were instructed to memorize landscapes while undergoing fMRI scanning, followed by a recognition test. MCI were followed up clinically for 18 months to track conversion status. Independent component analysis (ICA) was performed to investigate AD effects on precuneus and MTL networks during memory encoding. Behavioral analyses indicate that HC had a better performance than MCI converters (MCIc) and AD. ICA showed that MCIc had significantly higher activation in the MTL-associated network than MCI non converters (MCIn) and AD, including bilateral hippocampus, parahippocampus, and fusiform gyrus. Furthermore, the precuneus-associated network fitted the default mode network, showing a negative correlation with behavioral performance. These findings indicate that the hyperactivation of the hippocampal network displayed by MCIc has potential discrimination capacity to distinguish them of MCIn, and could be interpreted as a compensatory mechanism.
Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Cerebrospinal Fluid Markers of Vascular Injury
Authors: Shaffer Rachel M. , Sheppard Lianne , Peskind Elaine R. , Zhang Jing , Adar Sara D. , Li Ge
Published: August 2019

Background: Cerebrovascular diseases play an important role in dementia. Air pollution is associated with cardiovascular disease, with growing links to neurodegeneration. Prior studies demonstrate associations between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and biomarkers of endothelial injury in the blood; however, no studies have evaluated these biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

Objective: We evaluate associations between short-term and long-term PM2.5 exposure with CSF vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and e-selectin in cognitively normal and mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/Alzheimer’s disease (AD) individuals.

Methods: We collected CSF from 133 community volunteers at VA Puget Sound between 2001–2012. We assigned short-term PM2.5 from central monitors and long-term PM2.5 based on annual average exposure predictions linked to participant addresses. We performed analyses stratified by cognitive status and adjusted for key covariates with tiered models. Our primary exposure windows for the short-term and long-term analyses were 7-day and 1-year averages, respectively.

Results: Among cognitively normal individuals, a 5 μg/m3 increase in 7-day and 1-year average PM2.5 was associated with elevated VCAM-1 (7-day: 35.4 (9.7, 61.1) ng/ml; 1-year: 51.8 (6.5, 97.1) ng/ml). A 5 μg/m3 increase in 1-year average PM2.5, but not 7-day average, was associated with elevated e-selectin (53.3 (11.0, 95.5) pg/ml). We found no consistent associations among MCI/AD individuals.

Conclusions: We report associations between short-term and long term PM2.5 and CSF biomarkers of vascular damage in cognitively normal adults. These results are aligned with prior research linking PM2.5 to vascular damage in other biofluids as well as emerging evidence of the role of PM2.5 in neurodegeneration.
A calibration method of position and orientation errors for an endoscopic tracking system
Authors: Xiong Linghao , Sun Zongxiao , Chen Qingxiao , Xie Tianyu
Published: August 2019

Methods of position tracking based on magnetic field monitoring have been widely studied. The application of electromagnetic tracking (EMT) in endoscopic procedures not only has high requirements for position accuracy but also has a great demand for orientation accuracy. Accurate orientation information can provide more clues for shape fitting of the endoscope, especially when coils are placed at the front end of the endoscope for front end shape reconstruction. However, few methods have been proposed to calibrate position and orientation errors at the same time, while most methods are focused on position error correction. This paper presents a new method showing that by separating the tracking space into grids and calibrating the grid-sensing coil position and orientation parameters (GSCPOP), the position and orientation accuracy can be improved simultaneously by means of iterative computation. Compared to the uncalibrated method, position accuracy showed a 285% improvement, and orientation accuracy showed a 129% improvement.
EARLY DIGNOSIS OF INTERTITIAL LUNG DISEASE WITHOUT OPEN LUNG BIOPSY
Authors: Hussain Dr. Mohammed Hidayath , Vamsy Dr. Mohana , Kiran Dr. Indivar , Dattatreya Dr. P. Satya , Vasini Dr. Vindhya , Nirni Dr. S.S.
Published: August 2019

Background:  

Objective : The primary objective of this study was to diagnose interstitial lung disease in patients with thorough clinical history, physical exam, chest radiograph, high resolution CT scan, pulmonary function tests (without open lung biopsy) for early diagnosis of disease and to reduce the progression of disease.

Design: This was a Cross sectional study, patients of ILD were selected and studied during the period from November 2017 - December2018)

Setting:  Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences

Duration: One year (patients of ILD were selected and studied during the period from November 2017 - December2018)

Participants: 69 Patients with ILD attending department of Pulmonary Medicine, Shadan Institute of Medical Sciences. Hyderabad, Telangana.

Methods: Patients with ILD were included in the study. Radiologic, spirometric evaluation was done and the results are statistically analyzed.

Results: Most common form ILD observed was IPF (37.2%) and collagen vascular disease (5.1%). Majority of cases belonged to the age groups 41-50yrs (26%) and 51 -60 yrs (26%). Most of the cases were males (63.7%) and dyspnoea (100%) on exertion and cough (97%) were the most common presenting features. In reference to radiological abnormalities most common pattern observed is honey combing (45.8%) and ground glass  (15.2%) & reticular in (13.5%) of patients. 63.6% of cases of IPF and 33 % of RA-ILD showed honey combing features. Associated features like shaggy cardiac borders, elevated domes of diaphragm and lymphadenopathy, pleural reaction were observed in 42.4% of patients. The Zonal distribution of the disease on chest X-ray showed that (6.8%) of patients involve mid and lower zones. Only lower zones were involved in 23.7 % subjects and mid-zone in 1.7%. Involvement of all zones was observed in 64.4 % of cases. Spiro metric function was observed in subjects. Restrictive defect was observed in 81.3 % of patients and mixed defect was observed in 18.6 % patients.

Conclusion: HRCT is significantly superior to chest radiography in identifying and determining the correct diagnosis of ILD. A confident clinical diagnosis of IPF can be reliably made in the presence of characteristic HRCT and clinical findings. However small subset of young patients who are progressing the disease with rapid deterioration may require invasive tests like trans bronchial lung biopsy to rule out infective process or malignancy

Keywords: Interstitial Lung Disease, Diagnosis, Clinical Methods.
STUDY OF THE RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH THYROID HORMONE PROFILE AMONGST WOMEN WITH ST SEGMENT ELEVATION IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Kodilkar Dr. Jitendra , Singh Dr Jeetendra , Berad Dr. Akash , Babras Dr. Mayur , Pinjari Dr. Imran , Raikar Ruchita
Published: August 2019

Background: To assess risk factors for coronary artery disease and their correlation with thyroid hormone profile amongst women with ST segment elevation in acute myocardial infarction.

Method: A total number of 78 females having ST elevation myocardial infarction diagnosed through detailed clinical history and ECG evaluations were included after they satisfy the eligibility criteria. Patients were subsequently evaluated for presence of risk factors of ischemic heart disease such age, marital status, parity, and menopause, use of oral contraceptives, family history, obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Their thyroid hormone profiles (T3, T4, TSH) were done and were correlated with risk factors for ischemic heart disease.

Result: A total 78 patient included in the study. Most of the study population belongs to the age group of 40 to 50 years (43.6 %). Hypertension was the most common clinical features amongst study population (59%) followed by Diabetes (50%). most of the study population had Normal Thyroid status (57.69%) followed by Hypothyroidism (25.64%) and Hyperthyroidism (16.67%). and SERUM TSH is the most sensitive test for evaluation. Diabetes Mellitus was statistically significant risk factor (p value <0.05) in patients with STEMI with different levels of thyroid.

Conclusion: Patients with coronary artery disease especially in the presence of other risk factors should be screened for diabetes and also for thyroid dysfunction as in our study cases of Hypothyroidism was seen in 25.64% of the population under study. Hence it can be postulated that hypothyroidism may be a predictor for myocardial injury in STEMI. Here we recommend that tests for thyroid disorders in acute coronary syndrome can give predictor for risk of morbidity and mortality in those subjects.

These results also may warrant further larger study to investigate whether reversing the hypothyroidism could benefit the STEMI patients.

Keywords: STEMI- ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, MI- Myocardial Infarction, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, TSH- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
A HOSPITAL BASED COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TOLERABILITY AND EFFICACY OF TRAMADOL VERSUS ACECLOFENAC ON PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS OF KNEE JOINT.
Authors: Sultana Dr. Sara , Sah Dr. Braj Nandan Kumar
Published: August 2019

Objectives: This present study was done to compare the tolerability and efficacy of tramadol versus aceclofenac in terms of WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index and Visual Analogue Scale of patients with osteoarthritis of knee joint.

Methods: A detail history, clinical examinations and relevant investigations were performed to all cases of osteoarthritis of knee joint. Group A patients were advised to receive tramadol 75 mg twice daily for 8 weeks, and group B patients were advised to receive aceclofenac 100 mg twice daily for 8 weeks. And we had evaluated the WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index and VAS score of first day and last day visit of patients with osteoarthritis of knee joint.

Results: Data was analyzed by using SPSS (version 26) software. Paired sample statistical methods were used. Mean and standard deviation was observed and mean differences were compared. P value was taken less than or equal to 0.05 (p≤0.05) for significant differences.

Conclusions: This present study concluded that the WOMAC Osteoarthritis Index score and VAS score of patients who had received aceclofenac medication had statistically significant differences as well as greater mean differences than patients who received tramadol. Hence, aceclofenac is effective drugs than tramadol in terms of efficacy and tolerability of patients with osteoarthritis of knee joint.

Key words: Osteoarthritis of knee, WOMAC osteoarthritis index, Visual Analogue Scale.
COMPARISON OF SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION VS LECTURE METHOD IN TEACHING ORGANON OF MEDICINE TO UNDER GRADUATE HOMOEOPATHIC STUDENTS
Authors: Shah Dr Indrajeet P.
Published: August 2019

To study and analyze different teaching methodologies like didactic lecture and small group discussion among second BHMS students at MNR HMC. Teaching has got a very important role not only at school level but also in higher education as it can help in generating effective professionals.

Materials and Methods: Students were divided into 2 batches of 11 students each. Each batch was exposed for the different teaching methods for same topic. MCQ test of 10 marks was given before and after the session to assess students understanding of the topic. Keeping this in mind the present study was planned to compare the two teaching methodologies.

Results: After the small group discussion, the learners scored 70 % in the evaluation test whereas it was 61 % before the session. And after Lecture method, the learners scored 58 % in the evaluation test whereas it was 31 % before session. Conclusion: The study concluded that small group discussion ensured understanding as reflected in the test scores, as compared to Lecture method (i.e., teacher centered teaching).   

Keyword: Small group discussion, Lecture method and Homoeopathy.
Validity and Reliability of Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Vietnam
Authors: Ngo Hai Thanh , Fitzsimmons Kathleen , To Kien Gia
Published: August 2019

The study aimed to culturally adapt and validate Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) for use in Vietnamese settings.

The original NIPS was translated into Vietnamese using a standard protocol. Registered nurses of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Tien Giang General Hospital, Vietnam used the Vietnamese NIPS for assessing neonatal pain and then provided feedback on acceptability of the scale. Five registered nurses of NICU were randomly selected and used NIPS for assessing neonatal pain while watching thirty videos at two times, two weeks apart from each other. Pulse rates per minute and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were also recorded for validity evaluation. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) with two-way random effects were applied to assess intra-rater and inter-rater reliability. Multilevel linear regression was applied to assess the association between NIPS score with pulse rates and SpO2 adjusting for raters, three periods and two assessments.

The Vietnamese NIPS was accepted and valued by nurses at the NICU. ICCs between the first and second assessments were from 0.53 to 1.00 for five raters before, during and after clinical procedures showing moderate to excellent intra-rater reliability. ICCs among five raters were moderate to good before and after, but poor (ICC<0.4) during clinical procedures. NIPS score was not associated with SpO2, but with pulse rates per minute.

The preliminary results showed that the Vietnamese version of NIPS is reliable and should be used. However, it is recommended that further research should be conducted to confirm its reliability and validity.
Crisis de Régimen Político, Insurrección y Surgimiento de un Partido (a propósito del alzamiento Aprista de 1935 en Cajamarca)
Authors: Aliaga Diaz César
Published: August 2019

En el presente ensayo se propone una reflexión sobre el impacto de las insurrecciones en la construcción del espíritu del APRA auroral, considerando que sus efectos sociales, culturales y morales fueron decisivos para el asentamiento y arraigo popular del referido partido. Primero se hace un resumen del contexto histórico en el que insurge el APRA, valorando sintéticamente el periodo pre revolucionario, así como el desarrollo de los sucesos de 1932. Luego, se describe el nacimiento del partido y las condiciones que lo hicieron posible, concluyendo con un breve resumen de la insurrección de 1935. Al final se incluye una valoración histórico-política del alzamiento armado como factor fundamental en la cohesión e identidad partidaria. Se hace mención especial a los acontecimientos relacionados sucedidos en Cajamarca.

Palabras clave: APRA, historia política, alzamiento armado.
Corruption Prevention Efforts with Non Penal Policy
Authors: Sidi Redyanto
Published: August 2019

This study discuss about the efforts of corruption prevention with non penal policy. Criminal politics as a rational effort of the community in tackling crime, can be carried out operationally either through reasoning facilities or nonpenal facilities. Penal and nonpenal means are a pair that cannot be separated from each other, it can even be said that they complement each other in an effort to deal with corruption. Some social problems and conditions which can be conducive factors for the emergence of crime are clearly problems that cannot be overcome alone eyes with reason.
Society Response to Mobile Services on Mobile on The Road Investment Services and Integrated One-Stop Licensing Services in Tebing Tinggi City
Authors: Perdana Andy Akbar , Agus Badaruddin , Suriadi
Published: August 2019

The aim of this study is  to find out the society response Mobile Services on Mobile on The Road Investment Services and Integrated One-Stop Licensing Services in Tebing Tinggi City.  This research was conducted at the Investment Office and the One-Door Licensing Service of Tebing Tinggi City. The result of this study The response given by every community that has taken care of business permits is also quite good, they feel satisfied that they have been well served by Mobile On The Road officers who are well served to arrive at the stage of delivering ready-made letters to them.
Semantic Level Errors of Students’ Scientific Work From Various Indonesian Island in the City of Madiun
Authors: Septiani Pramudita , Surwandi Sarwaji , Surwandi Sarwaji , Setiawan Budhi , Setiawan Budhi
Published: August 2019

This study aims to explain and describe the language errors of semantic level in students’ scientific work from various Indonesian islands in the city of Madiun. The study was conducted at two major universities in Madiun City. The type of research used in this research is a descriptive qualitative research through observation and field note techniques as data collection techniques. The result of the data is students’ assignment papers. Data analysis techniques used in this study issharing methods or distribution methods with advanced techniques in the form of expansion (expansion) techniques and changing forms. The conclusions of this study are: (1) Usage error of similar words, consisting of (a) 88 errors of cognate pairing, (b) 79 errors of ambiguous pairing and (c) 65 errors of contended pairing. (2) Word choice (diction) errors, which consist of (a) 87 errors because do not meet the truth requirements, (b) 89 errors because do not meet the accuracy requirements, and (c) 90 errors because do not meet the standard requirements.In addition, errors in the word choices or diction occur due to factors influenced by the language that was mastered first.
The Value of Social Care Character Education Through Merindu Baginda Nabi
Authors: Abdullah Alfa Rosyid , Waluyo Herman J. , Wardani Nugraheni Eko
Published: August 2019

Character education is a form of cultivation of noble character in students. The aspect of 'social care' character is one of the most important of the eighteen character education in Indonesia, this is because the sense of sensitivity and help towards others in the environment around students begins to diminish. There are various kinds of media to succeed in internalizing character education, one of which is a novel. The novel Merindu Baginda Nabi by Habiburrahman El-Shirazy can be said to be a complete novel in instilling character in Indonesia. Therefore, researchers will explore how the value of social care character education in the novel Merindu Baginda Nabi. The research method used is qualitative descriptive qualitative research. The novel Merindu Baginda Nabi as a source of data in this study, in the form of dialogue and narrative stories about character education about social care. Based on the results of the analysis, seventeen data were found that were divided into four important parts, namely: giving help to others, caring for others, mutual respect, and sympathy.
Revision of the Atomophora complex (Heteroptera, Miridae) of the Eremian subregion
Authors: Linnavuori Rauno
Published: August 2019

The Atomophora Reuter genus complex of North Africa and the Middle and Near East is revised. New synonymy: Taeniophorus grandoculus Linnavuori = Camptotylidea astarte (Linnavuori). New combinations Atomophora alba Reuter, A. albovittata Reuter, A. alhagii Linnavuori, A. astarte Linnavuori, A. astragalii Linnavuori, A. bipunctata Reuter, A. bast Linnavuori, A. candida Linnavuori, A. flavescens Puchkov, A. fuscomaculata Reuter, A. lineata Reuter, A. modesta Linnavuori, A. pallescens Puchkov, A. suturalis Reuter, and A. vitticollis Reuter are transfered to the genus Camptotylidea Wagner. A neotype is designated for Atomophora macrophthalma Poppius and lectotypes for Atomophora maculosa Reuter, A. oculata Reuter, A. pantherina Reuter, Camptotylidea alba (Reuter), C. albovittata (Reuter), C. lineata (Reuter) and C. suturalis (Reuter).
Some new oribatids (Acarina, Oribatei) from the Rostov-Don region, Soviet Union
Authors: Karppinen Eero , Poltavskaja Marina
Published: August 2019

The paper gives descriptions of a new genus, Infernobates gen. n., and three new species, Infernobates citelli sp. n., Graptoppia tanaitica sp. n. and Zetorchestes reticulatus sp. n.
Review: The Moths ancl Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland
Authors: Silfverberg Hans
Published: August 2019

Emmet, A. M. & Heath, J. (eds.): The Moths ancl Butterflies of Great Britain and Ireland, Vol. 7(1) Hesperiidae - Nymphalidae. The Butterflies. 380 pp. Harley Books, Colchester. ISBN 0 946589 25 9 Price GBP 49.50.
Abundance of day-flying Lepidoptera along an air pollution gradient in the northern boreal forest zone¹
Authors: Kozlov Mikhail , Lvovsky Alexandr , Mikkola Kauri
Published: August 2019

Day-active lepidopterans were counted in the summers of 1991-1993 on transects of 5 x 100 min 12 localities representing five zones of pollutioninduced forest deterioration in the Kola Peninsula, northwestern Russia. A total of 671 specimens representing 19 species was observed during 696 counts. Two butterflies (Clossiana euphrosyne, Vacciniina optilete) and three day-active moths (Rheumaptera subhastata, Ematurga atomaria, Sympistis heliophila) were used in the analysis; the remaining 14 butterfly species were too scarce for the statistical treatment. At early stages of pollution-induced forest damage (mean annual SO2 concentrations 20-40 µg/m3 ), the densities of the monitored species increased by a factor of 1.5 to 5, but then declined with increase in pollution. Since the host plants of the monitored species, except that of C. euphrosyne, were found in all localities surveyed, the decline could be attributed to the SO2 toxicity rather than to the lack of larval food. Although transect counts did produce valuable information about the impact of pollution on subarctic forest ecosystems, the method is poorly suited for routine bioindication of pollution in northern regions.
Review: The brackish-water fauna of northwestern Europe
Authors: Salemaa Heikki
Published: August 2019

Barnes, R. S. K. 1994: The brackish-water fauna of northwestern Europe.- Cambridge University Press. 287 pp. ISBN 0-521-45556-1. Paperback; price GBP 15.95.
Review: Insect Life - Cycle Polymorphism
Authors: Lumme Jaakko
Published: August 2019

Danks, H. V. (ed.) 1994: Insect Life-Cycle Polymorphism. - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands. ISBN 0-7923-2828-0.
Interesting finds of Coleoptera from the SW Finnish Archipelago
Authors: Clayhills Tom
Published: August 2019

Entomologica Fennica. 14 February 1997
Triaeris stenaspis Simon (Araneae, Oonopidae) found in the Botanical Garden of the University of Turku, Finland
Authors: Koponen Seppo
Published: August 2019

Entomologica Fennica. 18 April 1997
The redescription of Coleophora carelica Hackman (Lepidoptera, Coleophoridae)
Authors: Wikström Bo , Kerppola Sakari , Šulcs Ivars
Published: August 2019

The redescription of Coleophora carelica Hackman 1945 is given. Hitherto unknown host plants Achillea millefolium L. and Artemisia vulgaris L. arc recorded. The larval case is described for the first time and the known distribution is mapped.
Additional records and new synonyms of Cicindelidae and Carabidae (Coleoptera) from the lsland of Sakhalin in the Russian Far East
Authors: Sh. Lafer German , Nilsson Anders , Kholin Sergey
Published: August 2019

Faunistic records of three cicindelid and 47 carabid beetle species are given for the Island of Sakhalin in the Russian Far East. Most records refer to a material collected in 1993 and 1994 in SW Sakhalin by the two junior authors. The following five carabid species are here reported from Sakhalin for the first time: Bembidion chloropus Bates, Pterostichus neglectus A. Morawitz, Agonum jankowskii Lafer, A. piceum (Linnaeus) and Microlestes minutulus (Goeze). The gross distributions of all mentioned species are given, with special emphasis on the Far East. The following syn. nov. are given: Pterostichus (Euryperis) eximius A. Morawitz, 1862 (= crassiceps A. Morawitz, 1862; = rudnicus Jedlicka, 1938; = obliquebasalis Jedlicka, 1962; = prochazkorum Jedlicka, 1967; = sakhalinensis Kirschenhofer, 1985).