bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O uso do Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem (DUA) na aprendizagem cartográfica e noções espaciais: um relato de experiência a partir da Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA).
Authors: Ribeiro Renato
Published: January 2023

A ideia de ensino de geografia, na maioria das vezes, compreende a educação básica regular em suas reflexões e propostas pedagógicas, ou seja, estudantes que estão dentro das etapas consideradas corretas à escolarização, algo que caracteriza homogeneidade das turmas. O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar que alguns pressupostos ao ensino de geografia na educação não condizem, em alguns casos, com a realidade da sala de aula, posto que as turmas são heterogêneas e com aspectos e condições singulares. Apresentaremos os resultados dessa intervenção a partir do ensino de Geografia no Ensino de Jovens e Adultos (EJA), ao qual as abordagens, técnicas e estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem para ficam aquém às especificidades que esta modalidade apresenta no contexto escolar e na sala de aula. Tal fato, ainda fica mais evidente quando pensamos no atendimento de pessoas com deficiência na EJA, que, por um motivo ou outro, seja da ordem intelectual, sensorial ou motora, tem seu direito a educação negligenciado ou mesmo negado. Ao refletirmos sobre a ideia das atividades adaptadas no ensino de geografia e na cartografia escolar, na maioria das vezes, constata-se que são reducionistas e/ou infantilizam o conteúdo ofertado às pessoas que frequentam a EJA, e ao que pese a infantilização corrente o mesmo se agrava e intensifica quando conjugamos estudante da EJA com deficiência. Diante da exposição, buscamos apresentar reflexões que nos surgiram da experiência pedagógica com estudantes da EJA com ou sem alguma deficiência quando da aplicação do Desenho Universal para a Aprendizagem (DUA).
WITHDRAWN: Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 gene (FGFR1) expression in serous ovarian tumors
Authors: OZCAN Mehmet , ALAN Saadet
Published: January 2023

Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the ovarian serous surface epithelial tumors in terms of FGFR1 expression and to evaluate the differences in expression of serous cystadenomas, borderline serous tumor/atypical proliferative serous tumors, low-grade and high-grade serous carcinomas.
Methods:
A hundred patients diagnosed with serous cystadenomas, borderline serous tumor/atypical proliferative serous tumors (BST), low-grade (LGSOC) and high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas (HGSOC) between 2010-2020 in our pathology laboratory were included in the study. In these cases, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed on sections from paraffin blocks.
Results:
In our study, it was determined that FGFR1 gene expression was statistically significantly increased in HGSOC cases compared to the BST/ LGSOC group and the SC group. Although there was a difference between the BST/ LGSOC group and the SC group, no statistical significance was found.
Conclusion:
FGFR1 expression was significantly increased in HGSOC cases. This finding has led to the conclusion that angiogenesis inhibition by FGFR inhibition may be a treatment option in HGSOC cases.
Galactoside in the male ejaculate evaluated as a nuptial gift by the female nutrient sensing neurons
Authors: Kim Young Joon , Lee Kang-Min , Kim Seong Jin , Park Si Hyung , Song Ingyu , Yun Minsik , Zhang Chen , Dus Monica , Kim Jae-Il , Lee Sunjae , Suh Greg S.B. , Park Zee Yong , Yang Taekyun
Published: January 2023

Nuptial gift-giving or courtship feeding is prevalent across. In an extreme case, females eat male body parts; in another case, females derive nutrients from males’ seminal fluids1. The nursery web spider, Pisaura mirabilis, females store more sperm from nuptial gift-giving males than those offering no gift with the identical copulation duration2. However, it is not known how females evaluate nuptial gifts and adjust sperm storage. Here, we show that Drosophila melanogaster females hold the ejaculate of starved males for shorter period and store less number of their sperm. A knock-down of the sugar transporter Tret1-1 in neurons that express the neuropeptide diuretic hormone 44 (Dh44-PI) critical for the ejaculate holding3 and detection of the nutritional value of sugar4 impairs the female’s ability to adjust the ejaculate holding period according to the male energy status. A galactoside selectively present in the male ejaculate activates Dh44-PI neurons in the brain to secrete Dh44, and starvation reduces its production by approximately 50%. RNAi-knockdown of glycosyltransferases, including UGT305A1, allows males to produce significantly lower amounts of the galactoside without starvation. Females mated with UGT305A1 knockdown males hold the ejaculate shorter, store less sperm and lay fewer eggs. The seminal galactoside enters the female hemocoel during mating, stimulates the activity of Dh44-PI neurons in the brain, augments the secretion of Dh44, and increase the ejaculate holding period, thereby enabling the uptake of injected nutrients and sperm. These evidence suggest that the galactoside signals reflecting the quality of male partners increase sperm storage and may be a source of nutrients used for egg production. Together, this study provides a molecular and cellular framework for understanding how females evaluate courtship feeding and optimize sexual selection after mating.
The Prandtl-Darcy convection in a vertical porous layer may be unstable with internal heating
Authors: V Nagamani K , BM Shankar , S Shivakumara I
Published: January 2023

The stability of buoyant flow in a vertical porous layer with the inclusion of time-dependent velocity term in the momentum equation is investigated. The buoyant flow is simultaneously induced by a uniformly distributed internal heat source and by the temperature gradient due to differentially heated impermeable porous layer boundaries. The conduction stream function and temperature fields are significantly altered due to internal heating and the linear instability is analysed through a study of normal mode perturbations on the base flow. The neutral stability curves and the critical Darcy-Rayleigh number for the onset of instability are evaluated by solving the stability eigenvalue problem numerically. It has been established that the volumetric heat source and the Prandtl-Darcy number reinforce together in initiating the instability of the base flow under certain conditions despite their isolation presence evidences stability for all infinitesimal perturbations. Although the effect of increasing internal heat source strength is to hasten the onset of instability, the flow is destabilized by decreasing and stabilized by increasing the Prandtl-Darcy number in some intermediate range of its value.
Pin-bearing mechanical behaviour of composites fabricated via fused filament fabrication as a function of reinforcing, pin Diameter and W/D ratio
Authors: Giorleo Luca , Papa Ilaria , Silvestri Alessia Teresa , Squillace Antonino
Published: January 2023

Additive manufacturing is an advanced technology able to produce parts with different grades of complexity, including its shape, microstructure, functionality and material. Regarding material complexity nowadays, it is possible to produce polymer parts with customized reinforced fibre filling such as carbon, Kevlar or glass. These new techno polymers could guarantee good mechanical properties with low cost production, and so different industrial sectors started to implement them in parts design. However, their mechanical behaviour is still under investigation, and many about their mechanical behaviour are still unknown. In this article the authors present the experimental characterization of polymer filled with Kevlar to pin bearing test. Samples have been designed as a function of filling and geometry parameters. Results have been analyzed with statistical methods. Finding highlight similar and different behaviour regarding samples produced with conventional process.
Hydrogeochemical evaluation and spatial distribution mapping of groundwater from Aurangabad city as hard rock aquifer from Deccan trap basalt
Authors: Kale Amol , Dhapate Hrishikesh , Bandela Narsingrao , Kulkarni Jeetendra , Sahoo Sunil Kumar
Published: January 2023

The groundwater chemistry is significant before it is utilized. It is influenced by the region's geology, hydrogeology, geochemistry, and climatic conditions. The groundwater hydrogeochemistry of Aurangabad city was examined in this investigation, which was backed by geographical distribution mapping. Standard procedures were employed to assess the water quality parameters as well as the uranium concentration. Several water classification techniques, including the Piper trilinear diagram, the Durov diagram, and the Chadha classification, are used to assess groundwater type and the sorts of geochemical processes that occur in the studied area. Groundwater was also evaluated for its suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes using a set of metrics. Stage-by-stage quality control and assurance were used to ensure data quality. The correlation analysis test is employed to assess the associations between parameters. According to assessed indices, the groundwater in the study area is acceptable for drinking and irrigation.
SCTV-UNet: A COVID-19 CT Segmentation Network Based on Attention Mechanism
Authors: Liu Xiangbin , Liu Ying , Fu Weina , Liu Shuai
Published: January 2023

The global outbreak of COVID-19 has become an important research topic in healthcare since 2019. RT-PCR is the main method for detecting COVID-19, but the long detection time is a problem. Therefore, the pathological study of COVID-19 with CT image is an important supplement to RT-RCT. The current TVLoss based segmentation promotes the connectivity of diseased areas. However, normal pixels between some adjacent diseased areas are wrongly identified as diseased pixels. In addition, the proportion of diseased pixels in CT images is small, and the traditional BCE based U-shaped network only focuses on the whole CT without diseased pixels, which leads to blurry border and low contrast in the predicted result. In this way, this paper proposes a SCTV-UNet to solve these problems. By combining spatial and channel attentions on the encoder, more visual layer information are obtained to recognize the normal pixels between adjacent diseased areas. By using the composite function DTVLoss that focuses on the pixels in the diseased area, the problem of blurry boundary and low contrast caused by the use of BCE in traditional U-shaped networks is solved. The experiment shows that the segmentation effect of the proposed SCTV-UNet has significantly improved by comparing with the SOTA COVID-19 segmentation networks, and can play an important role in the detection and research of clinical COVID-19.
Environmental heterogeneity affecting spatial distribution of phytoplankton community structure and functional groups in a large eutrophic lake, Lake Chaohu, China
Authors: Cao HuiJuan , Zhang Kun , Deng Daogui , Qi Huiying , Li Jun , Cao Yaqin , Jin Qide , Zhao Yajie , Wang Yeping , Wu Zhou , Li Xinyue , Li Ying
Published: January 2023

Usually, physo-chemical parameters can affect the growth and development of phytoplankton, and even influence spatial distribution of phytoplankton community structure. However, whether environmental heterogeneity causing by several physo-chemical factors together can affect spatial distribution of phytoplankton is still unclear. In this study, seasonal variation and spatial distribution of phytoplankton community structure and its relationships with environmental factors in Lake Chaohu were investigated from August 2020 to July 2021. A total of 190 species from 8 phyla were recorded and these species were divided into 30 functional groups, including 13 dominating functional groups. Average annual phytoplankton density and biomass were (5.46 ± 7.17)×107cells/L and 4.80 ± 4.61 mg/L, respectively. Both density and biomass of phytoplankton were higher in summer ((14.64 ± 20.34)×107cells/L, 10.61 ± 13.16 mg/L) and autumn ((6.79 ± 3.97)×107cells/L, 5.57 ± 2.40mg/L), with the M and H2 of dominant functional groups. The dominant functional groups were N, C, D, J, MP, H2 and M in spring, whereas C, N, T and Y dominated in winter. The distribution of phytoplankton community structure and dominant functional groups in Lake Chaohu had significantly spatial heterogeneity, which was consistent with environmental heterogeneity of the lake and could be divided into four locations. Phytoplankton density and biomass in Location I was higher than those in the other three locations. Moreover, M, C and H2 of dominant function groups appeared in the whole lake, and all 13 dominant functional groups occurred in Location II. Our results suggested that environmental heterogeneity was one of key reasons affecting spatial distribution of phytoplankton community structure and functional groups in Lake Chaohu.
The effects of Spirulina platensis supplementation on COVID-19 severity in critically ill patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Javid Zeinab , Santos Heitor O. , Norouzi Mehdi , Taghavi Mohsen , Hatami Monireh , Nazari Mojgan , Qomi Mansoore Sadat Mojani , Bakhshandeh Hooman , Mikaniki Fatemeh , Chaharmahali Arezoo , Ghanavati Matin , Rahmani Jamal , Shadnoush Mahdi , Zavaragh Davood Sanaei Delir , Cerqueira Henrique S.
Published: January 2023

Spirulina is a functional food with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Spirulina supplementation in critically ill patients with COVID-19. This study was a double-blind clinical trial that randomized patients, admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), to Spirulina platensis supplementation (5g/d,N = 97) or control groups (n = 95). Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE), National Early Warning Score (NEWS) 2, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA) were scoring systems to assess COVID-19 severity. Hospital and ICU length of stay, respiratory support at discharge, and 28-day mortality were assessed as well. In survival analysis, 126 participants (58 in control and 68 in Spirulina groups) were evaluated, and results showed no between-group difference in 28-day mortality (HR = 1.07, 95% CI 0.57–1.97) and NEWS2 (P-value = 0.14) but the SOFA score had a significant decrease in the Spirulina group compared to control (β=-0.48, P-value = 0.04). Spirulina resulted a shorter ICU length of stay (6 days,4.75–9.25) compared to the control group (10 days, 6–15), P-value = 0.007). The hospital length of stay was lower in Spirulina compared to the control group (P-value = 0.001). Spirulina supplementation was effective in reducing SOFA score and hospital and ICU length of stay in critically ill patients with COVID-19.
Extracellular enzymes secreted in the mycelial block of Lentinula edodes during hyphal growth
Authors: Kobayashi Nanae , Wada Nagisa , Yokoyama Haruna , Tanaka Yuki , Suzuki Tomohiro , Habu Naoto , Konno Naotake
Published: January 2023

Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom) is one of the most widely cultivated edible mushrooms and is primarily cultivated using sawdust medium. While there have been improvements in the cultivation technology, the mechanism of mycelial block cultivation, such as mycelial growth and enzymatic sawdust degradation, has not been clarified. In this study, the mycelium was elongated longitudinally in the bottle sawdust culture for 27 days. The cultivated sawdust medium was divided into three sections (top, middle, and bottom parts), and the enzymatic activities of each part were analyzed. In the bottom part of the medium, amylase, pectinase, fungal cell wall degradation enzyme (β-1,3-glucanase, β-1,6-glucanase, and chitinase), and laccase activities were higher than in other parts, indicating that these enzymes are produced from the tip region and have important roles for mycelial spread and nutrient uptake. Proteins with the laccase activity were purified from the bottom part of the medium, and a laccase was identified as Lcc13. On the other hand, lignocellulose degradation enzymes, such as endoglucanase, xylanase, and manganese peroxidase were highly secreted in the top part. The results indicate that the principal sawdust degradation occurs after mycelial colonization.
Simulating the GB power system frequency during underfrequency events 2018-19
Authors: Cooke Christian , Mestel Benjamin
Published: January 2023

Lightning hit a transmission powerline outside London, England on 9 August 2019. There followed a loss of power from a cascade of generator outages that exceeded contingency reserves, leading to an exceptional fall in grid frequency causing widespread transport disruptions and the disconnection of over 1m households. Simulating such events typically involves a system of differential equations representing the overall generation and load present at the time. The standard model based on the swing equation assumes unlimited capacity in aggregated resources, as well as the availability of these services for the duration of the frequency excursion. In simulating the effect of outages on the GB Grid frequency on 2019/8/9, the effect of limiting these services to the capacity of resources engaged during the event is examined. It is shown that by taking these refinements into account the timing and extent of the frequency nadir can be successfully estimated. Insight is gained into the responses of various characteristics of the grid and how they interact with unplanned generation imbalances. Using this adapted model, further events on the GB grid are examined to validate the influence of these features. With the effectiveness of the model validated, novel mitigating measures to preserve the stability of a low-inertia grid can be evaluated.
Facile Access to Benzofuran Derivatives through Radical Reactions with Heteroatom-centered Super-electron-donors
Authors: Chi Yonggui Robin , Jiang Shichun , Wang Wei , Mou Chengli , Zou Juan , Jin Zhichao , Hao Ge-Fei
Published: January 2023

Heteroatom anions are applied as super-electron-donors (SEDs) to initiate radical reactions for facile synthesis of 3-substituted benzofurans. Phosphines, thiols and anilines bearing different substitution patterns work well in this inter-molecular radical coupling reaction and the 3-functionalized benzofuran products bearing heteroatomic functionalities are given in moderate to excellent yields. The reaction mechanism is elucidated via control experiments and computational methods. The afforded products showed promising applications in both organic synthesis and pesticide development.
The introduced lineage of Phragmites australis in North America differs from its co-existing native lineage in associated soil microbial structure – A holistic view of plant traits and soil microbiome from a common garden experiment
Authors: Wang Tong , Guo Xiao , Yang Jinming , Chi Xiaolong , Zhu Yongfeng , Huang Xiaoyu , Dou Hongrui , Wu Zhigang , Wang Renqing
Published: January 2023

Background and aims
The introduced lineage of Phragmites australis (haplotype M) in North America outcompetes the native lineage (haplotype P). Haplotype M situates at the fast-side of trait economic spectrum rather than haplotype P. The present study evaluated the plant traits and associated soil microbiome of the introduced and native Phragmites lineages using a common garden experiment in East China.
Methods
Four geographic groups including the introduced lineage of North America (NAint, haplotype M), native lineage of North America (NAnat, haplotype P), European group (EU, haplotype M) and Northwestern China group (CHN, haplotype M) were probed for plant traits and associated soil microbiome in two life-history stages – growing period and withering period.
Results
No significant differences in functional traits were shown among the four groups. The difference existed mainly in the soil microbial structure. The soils derived from the four groups had different bacterial generic structure however similar bacterial functional structure. NAint accumulated more orchid mycorrhizal fungi than the other three groups, while NAnat gathered more plant pathogenic and ectomycorrhizal fungi in the growing period. In the withering period, NAint accumulated more plant pathogenic fungi while NAnat gathered more arbuscular mycorrhizal fungai. NAint, EU and CHN shared different soil microbial structures despite the same haplotype.
Conclusion
The interaction between plant traits and soil microbiome seemed weak. However, the long-term effects of microbial transition on the introduced and native lineage are unknown and the potential plant-soil interactions need further exploration.
Seroprevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease in apparently healthy beef cattle in Uganda post the 2021 outbreak
Authors: Sente¹ Celsus , Rosado-Ramos² Braiam , Kerfua Susan , Tuwangye Innocent , Brookshire² Cooper , Kalumba¹ Peter , Nakabuye¹ Robinah Sarah , Namirimu¹ Solome , Tamale¹ Andrew , Reichley Stephen , Khaitsa Margaret
Published: January 2023

Background
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease of cloven-hoofed animals caused by a picornavirus. There are 7 known serotypes (O, C, A, SAT1, SAT2 and Asia) and more than 60 subtypes of the FMD virus with no cross protection between types or subtypes. FMD can cause enormous economic losses including reduced animal productivity and the restrictions on international trade in animal products. In Uganda, FMD is endemic caused by mainly O, A, SAT 1, and SAT2 serotypes and outbreaks that re-occur annually are mainly controlled by ring vaccination and restriction of animal movement. These control methods are sometimes not efficient and due to lack of regular surveillance, information on the seroprevalence of FMDV in animal herds post outbreak response is not available to guide policy makers on when to lift quarantine in affected districts. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of the 2021 FMD outbreak response in Western Uganda following lifting/easing of the quarantine restrictions.
Methods
This was a retrospective study involving the use of blood samples previously collected from sixty-eight (68) apparently healthy beef cattle and archived as part of routine herd health checks post the 2021 FMD outbreak. Forty-six (46) of these animals were from Nshaara ranch and 22 from Mbarara city abattoir. The samples were tested for the presence of specific FMDV antibodies using Solid-Phase Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.
Results
Overall, from the 68 animal samples tested, 51/68(75%) tested positive for FMDV. The site specific FMD prevalence was 43/46(93.5%) for Nshaara ranch and 8/22(36.4%) for Mbarara City abattoir.
Conclusion
These data revealed a concerningly high seropositivity of apparently health animals to FMDV antibodies possibly due to early lifting of the quarantine, weak enforcement of control measures or lack of incentive and resources to control the disease.
Determination of Optimal Temperature and Humidity Values in Dairy Farms Using Fuzzy Logic Model
Authors: Kibar Mustafa , Aytekin İbrahim , Özkan İlker Ali
Published: January 2023

Climatic conditions are important environmental factors that impact the morphological and physiological characteristics of animals in a variety of ways. In livestock, climatic conditions, in particular temperature and humidity, directly affect different yields, health and even the viability of animals. Until today, temperature-humidity index (THI) values have been calculated and used to determine the effects of temperature and humidity on cattle in the literature. However, different thresholds exist for ideal temperature, humidity, and THI levels. This study was conducted to determine the optimal temperature and humidity levels for dairy farms using the fuzzy logic model by adding expert judgment to the THI levels reported in the literature. In the study, the THI values were calculated with three different formulas from the literature, using different temperature (between -20 and +42 oC) and humidity (between 0% and 100%) values, which are probably under agricultural conditions appear. The Mamdani-type of fuzzy logic method was utilized to determine the linguistic expressions of temperature, humidity and THI values.
Considering the results of the study, a significant correlation was found between the THI values obtained using the fuzzy logic method and the other three formulas (P<0.001). According to the THI thresholds, the areas below the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) were found to be significant (P<0.01) in all fuzzy algorithms. Although it showed the same trends in sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy between the THI scores obtained with the fuzzy logic algorithm and the THI66 and THI72 thresholds reported in the literature, it showed 5.65% sensitivity, 99.85% specificity and 73.6% accuracy using the THI74 threshold. As a result, the results obtained with the fuzzy expert system are higher with increasing THI values and lower with decreasing THI values than in the literature. More frankly, the results obtained using fuzzy logic were found to be less risky (or safer) than the results of the studies reported in the literature.
There is a need for future studies to determine the effect of THI threshold values determined by fuzzy logic method on various yield or welfare of livestock.
Antibiotic Use at Planned Central Line Removal in Reducing Neonatal Post-Catheter Removal Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Ji Ruoyu , He Zhangyuting , Zhou Jiawei , Fang Shiyuan
Published: January 2023

Background: Post-catheter removal sepsis (PCRS) is a severe complication of indwelling central venous catheters (CVCs) in neonates, which is postulated to be secondary to the disruption of biofilms formed along catheter tips upon CVCs removal. It remains controversial whether antibiotic use upon CVCs removal will help to prevent this situation. We aimed to evaluate the protective effect of antibiotic administration at the time of CVCs removal in preventing PCRS in neonates.
Methods: The systematic review was performed based on a registered protocol (CRD42022359677). We searched through PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases, as well as reference lists of review articles (September 2022) for studies comparing the use of antibiotics versus no use within 12 hours of CVCs removal. Selection of studies and data extraction were performed independently by two researchers. Risk of bias was assessed using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale or Cochrane risk-of-bias tool according to the study design. Results of quantitative analyses were presented as mean differences (MD) or odds ratio (OR). Subgroup and univariate meta-regression analyses were performed to identify heterogeneity.
Results: The review included 470 central lines in the antibiotic group and 658 lines in the control group from five studies. Antibiotic use within 12 hours of CVCs removal did not significantly reduce the incidence of PCRS (OR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.08 to 1.53), but was associated with a lower incidence of post-catheter removal blood stream infection (OR=0.31, 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.86). Dosage of vancomycin and world region were major sources of interstudy heterogeneity.
Conclusion: Antibiotic administration in neonates upon CVCs removal does not significantly reduce the incidence of PCRS but offers less post-catheter removal blood stream infection. Whether this will be converted to better clinical outcomes lacks evidential support. Further randomized controlled studies with longer follow-up are needed.
Disrespect during childbirth and postpartum mental health: a French cohort study
Authors: Leavy Emma , Cortet Marion , Huissoud Cyril , Desplanches Thomas , Vincenzo-Sormani Jessica Di , Viaux-Savelon Sylvie , Dupont Corinne , Pichon Swann , Gaucher Laurent
Published: January 2023

Background: While the World Health Organisation (WHO) warned about disrespect and abuse during childbirth as early as 2014. This same year a social media movement with #payetonuterus brought to light the problematic of obstetrical violence in French speaking countries. The experience of care is an integral part of the quality of care, and perception on inadequate support during labour and loss of control in labour are some of the most frequently reported risk factors for childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD). Therefore, it seems crucial to study the associations between disrespect during childbirth and the mental well-being of mothers.
Methods: We performed a multicentered cohort study using auto-questionnaires within a French perinatal network. The main outcome was women’s report of disrespect during childbirth measured by the Behavior of the Mother’s Caregivers – Satisfaction Questionnaire (BMC-SQ) 3 days and 2 months after childbirth. CB-PTSD and Postpartum Depression (PPD) were assessed 2 months after childbirth using respectively the Post-Traumatic Checklist Scale (PCLS) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).
Results: This study followed 123 mothers from childbirth to 2 months postpartum. Among them, 8.13% (n=10/123) reported disrespect during childbirth at 3 days after childbirth. With retrospect, 10.56% (n=13/123) reported disrespect during childbirth at 2 months postpartum, i.e. an increase of 31%. Some 10.56% (n=13/123) of mothers suffered from postpartum depression, and 4.06% (n=5/123) were considered to have CB-PTSD at 2 months after childbirth. Reported disrespect during childbirth 3 days after birth was significantly associated with higher CB-PTSD 2 months after birth (R2=0.11, F(1,117)=15.14, p<0.001 and β=9.11, p=0.006), PPD at 2 months after childbirth was positively associated to reported disrespect in the delivery room, 3 days after birth (R2=0.04, F(1, 117)=6.28, p=0.01 and β=3.36, p=0.096). Meanwhile, PPD and CB-PTSD were significantly associated 2 months after childbirth (R2=0.41, F=(1,117)=82.39, p<0.01 and β=11.41, p<0.001).
Conclusions: Disrespect during childbirth was associated with poorer mental health during the postpartum period. Given the high prevalence of mental health problems and the increased susceptibility to depression during the postpartum period, these correlational results highlight the importance of gaining a deeper awareness of healthcare professionals about behaviours or attitudes which might be experienced as disrespectful during childbirth.
One year audit of surgical activity in the largest tertiary center in Ethiopia
Authors: Tsegaye Qaleab , Mulu Nardos , Gizaw Daniel , Mesfin Samuel , Genetu Abraham
Published: January 2023

Background
Annually, more than 313 million procedures are conducted worldwide. However, only 6% are conducted in the low-income countries where a third of the world population lives. In Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) only, more than 143 million additional surgeries are needed to save lives and avoid disability. Overall global postoperative mortality is 7.7%, and half of these deaths occur in LMICs. In Ethiopia, about 250,000 procedures are being conducted annually. This is less than 5% of what is actually needed according to recommendation of 5000 procedures per 100,000 population per year.
Methods
This study is a retrospective review of surgical services, including surgical admissions, procedures, and outpatient visits. The study encompassed surgical activities from January 1, 2021 to December 30, 2021 and was conducted in Tikur Anbessa Specialized hospital. Data were collected from operative logbooks, clinic registrars, liaison office, ward registries and from monthly audit reports of each division.
Results
The majority of the admissions were elective, constituting 2589 (64.1%). The most frequent elective surgeries performed in the study year were great saphenous interposition graft (bypass) consisting of 12.4% of elective surgeries. Emergency admissions constitute 1449 (35.9%) of all admissions. The most frequent emergency procedures performed in the previous year were tracheostomy (35.7%). Mortality rate was available only from the general surgery division. Average mortality rates were was 0.07% for elective procedures and 2.1% for emergency procedures. Most common causes of mortality were septicemia and anastomotic leak. There were 508 cancellations in the one-year study period with lack of oxygen, Covid and lack of investigations being main reasons.
Conclusion
This study showed most of surgical procedures were done on elective basis. The most commonly performed procedures also are relatively more complex than previous report from the same country, reflecting the tertiary nature of the hospital. Overall, the outcome of both elective and emergency surgeries was favorable. However, all divisions should report morbidity and mortality, preferably with similar format. The cancellation rate is also high and needs intervention from the hospital and department leaders.
App-based interventions for the prevention of postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Miura Yumika , Ogawa Yusuke , Shibata Ayako , Kamijo Kyosuke , Joko Ken , Aoki Takuya
Published: January 2023

Background
This study aimed to assess whether automated apps are effective in preventing postpartum depression.
Methods
We conducted an article search on the electronic databases of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE via Ovid, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses A&I on March 26th, 2020. We also searched the International Clinical Trials Platform Search Portal (ICTRP), and Clinical Trials.
Results
We identified 1581 references, and seven studies were ultimately included in this review. Only one study has assessed the onset of postpartum depression as an outcome. This indicated that after the app intervention, the proportion of women who developed postpartum depression was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (6 weeks postpartum risk ratio (RR)0.79, 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)0.58–1.06; 3 months postpartum RR0.74, 95%CI0.50–1.09; 6 months postpartum RR0.73, 95%CI0.49–1.11 RR0.73, 95%CI0.49–1.11). We performed a meta-analysis of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores at each time point. During the immediate (0–8 weeks postpartum) period, the intervention group had significantly lower EPDS scores than the control group (mean differences (MD) -0.59; 95%CI -1.00 to -0.18; P = 0.005). In the short term (9–16 weeks postpartum), there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of EPDS score (MD -0.32; 95%CI -10.82 to 1.17; P = 0.20).
Limitations:
Only one randomized controlled trial (RCT) measured the onset of postpartum depression as an outcome; we performed a meta-analysis only on the EPDS scores. Additionally, there was a high risk of incomplete outcome data due to the high attrition rates in the study.
Conclusion
The apps, including an automated component for the prevention of postpartum depression, improved the EPDS score; furthermore, they may prevent postpartum depression.
Determination of Impeller Blade Fillet Radius for Productive Finish Milling
Authors: Vavruska Petr , Kratena Tomas , Cech Dominik , Macalka Ales , Peterka Tomas
Published: January 2023

Impellers, which are part of the turbochargers in many transport and agricultural vehicles such as cars, trucks, tractors, boats as well as lawnmowers, are parts where monitoring the efficiency of design and subsequent manufacturing is very important. In order to maximize the efficiency of the compressor stage, many iterations in impeller blade geometry design must be performed to achieve the operating conditions in terms of both performance and strength. Impeller manufacturing is then strongly dependent on the impeller blade geometry design. Manufacturing efficiency varies greatly if the impeller is designed with the blades made up of complex surfaces (requires more machining time) or ruled surfaces (requires less machining time). However, the two impeller geometries have a common element that strongly influences their manufacturing efficiency – the impeller blade fillet radius. The choice of the blade fillet radius value is very limited by the impeller blade geometry design. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to determine the blade fillet radius value in order to achieve an efficient impeller geometry in terms of manufacturing efficiency at the impeller design stage. The method is verified on the example of milling several impeller variants.
Development of an apparent diffusion coefficient based on nomogram for the preoperative prediction of Ki-67 and p53 expression levels and myometrial infiltration in endometrial cancer
Authors: Zhang Meng , Jing Mengyuan , Cao Yuntai , Zhang Shan , Guo Yuzhen
Published: January 2023

Background
Endometrial cancer (EC) has been increasing in incidence and mortality rates over the years. To investigate the feasibility of ADC in preoperative non-invasive prediction of myometrial infiltration and Ki-67 and p53 expression levels in patients with EC.
Methods
we performed the retrospective analysis of 105 patients with EC who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and were confirmed by pathology after operation from January 2017 to December 2021 in our hospital. Two independent radiologists measured the ADC values (ADCmax, ADCmean, and ADCmin) of EC on the ADC image by comparing the MRI enhancement and DWI images, respectively. Statistical methods were used to calculate the correlation between clinical information, ADC values and myometrial infiltration and Ki-67 and p53 expression in EC patients. A nomogram prediction model was constructed and evaluated via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and calibration curve analysis.
Results
The ADC values were significantly correlated with the myometrial infiltration and Ki-67 and p53 expression levels in EC patients (all P < 0.05). The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage only significantly associated with the myometrial infiltration and Ki-67 expression levels in EC patients (all P < 0.05). The ADCmax, ADCmean, and ADCmin were combined with the FIGO stage to construct the nomogram model. The nomogram model, ADCmax, ADCmean, ADCmin, and FIGO stage predicted AUC values of 0.809, 0.707, 0.693, 0.694, and 0.599 for myometrial infiltration, respectively; the AUC values for predicting Ki-67 expression levels were 0.897, 0.879, 0.849, 0.808 and 0.550, respectively. The nomogram model was constructed by combining the ADCmax, ADCmean, ADCmin. The AUC values predicted by the nomogram, ADCmax, ADCmean, ADCmin were 0.665, 0.615, 0.641 and 0.654, respectively.
Conclusions
The nomogram model based on ADC values combined with the FIGO stage could be a useful method for the preoperative non-invasive assessment of myometrial infiltration and Ki-67 and p53 expression in EC patients.
A Panoramic View of Morphological Spectrum of Male Breast Lesions at a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Mittal Salony , Shefali Goyal , Saumya Mittal , Hema Kini , Deepa Adiga
Published: January 2023

Background:
Though male breast lesions are infrequently studied and documented, a wide variety of lesions afflict it. Conditions and entities that affect the female breast also occur in the male breast. However, lobular lesions are seldom seen in male breasts because of absence of terminal differentiation induced by progesterone. So far, there have been very few studies on the spectrum of male breast lesions and most of them are done either on aspiration smears or on biopsies. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to analyse the spectrum of different types of male breast lesions at our tertiary care centre both on aspiration cytology smears and histological specimens as well as biopsies.
Objectives:
To study the spectrum of male breast lesions encountered in histopathology and cytology lab.
Study Design:
Data on male breast lesions between 2010 to 2015 were retrieved from the records of Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. The cytological and histological features were studied and the number of benign and malignant cases recorded. Cytohistologic correlation, wherever available was done. Immunohistochemistry was studied in malignancies wherever available.
Results:
Out of 7700 breast lumps retrieved, 120 (1.55%) male breast lesions were identified. Of these, 54 were diagnosed by FNAC and 76 lesions on surgical specimens. On FNAC, 49 were benign and 5 malignant. The 76 cases diagnosed on histology had 70 benign and 6 malignant lesions. The benign lesions were gynecomastia, inflammatory masses, fibroadenoma and intraductal papillomas. Malignant lesions included infiltrating ductal carcinoma (NOS), papillary and metastatic carcinoma with 60% showing ER positivity. Ten of these cases had both cytology and histology.
Conclusion:
While gynaecomastia and invasive ductal cancer were the commonest lesions encountered in the male breast, there were other rarer benign and malignant lesions.
Calibration of the local magnitude scale (Ml )for Central Southern Africa
Authors: Shumba Blessing T , Midzi Vunganayi , Manzunzu Brassnavy , Maritinkole Joseph R
Published: January 2023

The Central Southern Africa is an area of moderate seismic activity generally caused by the presence of the East Africa Rift System. To improve the quantification of seismicity in this region, we propose a local magnitude scale (Ml, based on the original Richter definition to be used by the Zimbabwe and Botswana national networks. The magnitude scale is developed using 854 seismic events that occurred between 1997 - 2000 and 2013 - 2018. These events were recorded by 61 broadband seismic stations located in Botswana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa. We evaluated 6128 traces of zero to peak maximum amplitude, recorded on the horizontal channel from simulated Wood-Anderson seismograms. All 6128 maximum amplitude measurements were inverted simultaneously to determine the attenuation constants. The resultant Ml is defined as Ml = logA+0.80log(R)+0.00086R-1.37 ± S in which A is ground displacement amplitude determined from instrument corrected synthetic Wood-Anderson seismograms in nanometres, R is the epicentral distance (km), and S is the station correction. Station corrections were determined for all stations during the regression analysis resulting in values ranging between -0.44 to + 0.31. The range in station corrections suggests a strong influence of local site effects on the amplitude of the seismic signal. Without station correction, the overall standard deviation of the magnitude residuals using our magnitude relation is 0.32 with a variance of 0.10, while using station corrections, the standard deviation and variance improved to 0.17 and 0.02 respectively. There is 80% reduction in variance when our relation is used together with station corrections. A comparison of our local magnitude relation with published $mb}$ relationships for Southern Africa shows that these two magnitude scales are almost equivalent. The Ml equation for Central Southern Africa derived in this study has good correlation with mb values reported by the ISC and NEIC and attains systematically lower magnitude values than the South African relationship.
Sub-zero milling of Ti-6Al-4V – Impact of the cutting parameters on the resulting forces, tool wear, and surface quality
Authors: Gutzeit Kevin , Bulun Georgis , Stelzer Gerhard , Kirsch Benjamin , Seewig Jörg , Aurich Jan C.
Published: January 2023

Due to an excellent ratio of high strength and low density, Ti-6Al-4V is suitable for many industrial applications, especially in the aerospace industry. However, Ti-6Al-4V is also characterized as a hard to-cut material. This is mainly attributed to its very low thermal conductivity and high chemical reactivity, especially at elevated temperatures. Machining Ti-6Al-4V leads to high cutting temperatures and thermal loads of the tools within the cutting zone. This enhances a rapidly progressing, thermo-chemical induced tool wear reducing tool life and productivity. To enhance the cutting performance, suitable cooling strategies are a necessity to reduce the thermal load and hence to improve the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V. A novel, highly efficient cooling approach is to apply sub-zero metalworking fluids (MWF) at liquid state but at supply temperatures well below 0°C. These sub-zero MWF inhibit high cooling effects due to their low supply temperature in superposition with a beneficial wetting behavior. Within this paper, the application of a sub-zero cooling strategy is investigated and compared to a cryogenic CO2 cooling. The performance of both cooling strategies is analyzed when milling Ti-6Al-4V by systematically varying the cutting parameters and the milling strategy. The milling process is described on the basis of the occurring forces, the resulting wear and the surface quality. The results show that the sub-zero cooling outperforms the cryogenic CO2 cooling, especially at elevated cutting parameters and unfavorable cutting conditions. Less tool wear and an overall better surface quality are observed for sub-zero milling when being compared to cryogenic milling.
A Comprehensive Multiomics Analysis Identified POLQ as a Promising Prognostic Biomarker in Pan-Cancer
Authors: Yang Fanchun , Wu Yuliang , Huang Wei , Luo Ning , Liu Shupeng , Cheng Zhongping
Published: January 2023

Background
DNA polymerase (POLQ) is a unique A-family polymerase that is correlated with homologous recombination and plays a vital role in maintaining the stability of the genome. Tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumor. POLQ is associated with TIME and a poor prognosis. However, the roles of POLQ in human cancers are still unclear. Hence, studying POLQ maybe provide a new strategy for tumor-immune therapy.
Methods
The mRNA expression data and clinical information of cancer were downloaded from TCGA and GTEx. We explored the prognosis, mutation, copy number variation (CNV) and single nucleotide variations (SNV), microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), mismatch repair (MMR) gene mutation levels and DNA methyltransferase expression, immune infiltration, enrichment analysis and pathway, and drug sensitivity analysis via Kaplan-Meier curves, cBioPortal, GSCA, TCGA, TIMER, The LinkedOmics database and Multiomics Data.
Results
POLQ expression was associated with adverse outcomes in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) patients. Additionally, our study revealed that genomic alteration of POLQ was associated with tumorigenesis in multiple tumors and POLQ was correlated with MSI, TMB, MMR gene mutation and DNA methyltransferase expression. POLQ expression was positively correlated with the infiltration of immune cells including B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells, especially in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), thyroid carcinoma (THCA). And POLQ expression was positively correlated with the immune score and immune checkpoint in KIRC and THCA. In particular, POLQ can increase the resistance to drug, especially to PAPR inhibitors.
Conclusion
POLQ could be a novel biomarker and a potential target for immune-related therapy in pan-cancer.