bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risikofrüherkennungspflichten und kundengerechte Kreditberatung – Zur Genese des Prinzips geteilten Risikovertrauens
Authors: Herrmann Harald
Published: August 2016

Der nachstehende Vergleich des Bank- und Versicherungsvertragsrechts ist auf die Informationspflichten der Parteien vor und nach Vertragsabschluss gerichtet, um zu erkennen, inwiefern die Risikofrüherkennung isoliert der einen oder der anderen Seite auferlegt wird, oder um ein Zusammenwirken beider Seiten bei der Identifikation und Bewältigung der Risiken zu ermöglichen. Es wird zu zeigen sein, dass die beiden Rechtsgebiete dabei zwar unterschiedliche Wege gehen, doch in die gleiche Richtung weisen: Das Prinzip des caveat emptor/investor etc. ist weitgehend überwunden, und wird durch ein neues hier sog. Prinzip geteilten Risikovertrauens ersetzt. Die jüngsten Novellierung zu den §§ 504a bis 511 BGB und §§ 26 ff. VAG bringen zusätzliche Neuerungen, die systematischer Einordnung bedürfen.
Wann liegt ein Vertrieb von Anteilen an Investmentvermögen vor?
Authors: Wallach Edgar
Published: August 2016

Die Frage, ab wann ein Vertrieb von Investmentanteilen vorliegt, hat mit Inkrafttreten des Kapitalanlagegesetzbuchs (KAGB) am 21. 7. 2013 erheblich an Bedeutung gewonnen. Denn seither bedarf der Vertrieb an Anleger in Deutschland, gleich welcher Anlegerkategorie, stets einer vorherigen Erlaubnis der BaFin. Der vorliegende Beitrag setzt sich kritisch mit dem Vertriebsbegriff, wie er im KAGB definiert und von der BaFin ausgelegt wird, auseinander. Die Analyse geht auf die historischen Wurzeln des Vertriebsbegriffs und die Begriffsbestimmungen vergleichbarer Absatztätigkeiten im Wertpapierprospektrecht und im Recht der Finanzmarktaufsicht ein. In einem weiteren Teil behandelt der Beitrag eine Auswahl von Abgrenzungsfragen, die sich in der praktischen Anwendung des Vertriebsbegriffs des KAGB in der Auslegung der BaFin ergeben haben.
ANTHROPOLOGICAL ASPECT OF THE NATURE OF THE STATE
Authors: Khmil Volodymyr V. , Khmil Tetiana V.
Published: August 2016

The purpose of the research is to find new ways and methods to substantiate ethic and moral standards as the basis of civil interference into the life of the state. The role and place of the state in social, political and spiritual transformations are not always considered due to the crisis of certain social theories and models of state development. Methodology of the research is based on comparative, historical and logical methods. The applied investigation methods enable to reveal and analyze specific models related to anthropological aspect in social relations used in definite types of state formations in order to find that dynamic outlook on future and personal fulfilment of a human.The scientific novelty is in concept to broaden the representation of freedom evolution of a human in different historic types of states. Comparative analysis of state development and the place of human freedom in them helps firstly, conceive anthropological determinant, the one that gradually places under control state institutions which are necessary for humanization of external conditions of human beings and secondly, find out possible directions of state development and freedom for human activity. Conclusions. Understanding and reasoning of paradigm systems development based on moral constituent of the state is an anchoring point for the reforming state towards human values. The state developing on moral human principles gravitates towards its self-destruction.
COMMUNITARIAN DIMENSION OF SOCIAL INTEGRITY PROBLEM
Authors: Brodetskaya Yuliia Yu.
Published: August 2016

The purpose. The article focuses on the study analysis of the theoretical and methodological preconditions of the social integrity phenomenon research. The nature of the modern social and cultural changes discloses a crisis of the social theory that is aimed to study the conditions and mechanisms of the social modernity development. Modern social theory appears against the background of the classical research methodology issues – Aristotle's political philosophy, which interprets sociality as a political aspect. However, modern social theory attempts to overcome the crisis of the rational project by forming a communitarians’ ideology. In order to solve the problem of the social integrity and order, being an alternative to the rationalistic individualism of society liberal theory, the theory of communitarism reveals the potential of communities. The communities are those models of social that can overcome individualism of a modern man and society, destroy the cult of statism. Thus, as a research methodology of the social integrity issues the communitarian approach is used, as it actualizes the potential of the communities. This methodological step reveals the social at a qualitatively different socio-cultural level of analysis, as a certain model of the human relations that base not only on the economic and legal relations (relations, property, division of labor and power, etc.), but also, and above all, on the spiritual ones (culture of community, communication, informal regulation of relations, etc.). The scientific novelty of this work is to try to expand the heuristic possibilities of the com munitarian theory in terms of the analysis of the social integrity problems in order to create a comprehensive research methodology of the problem. Conclusions. Thus, the study of the community potential, its mechanisms and the logic of its generation and presentation in the modern society allows to reveal the conditions of the social integrity. Therefore, it will allow to overcome the problem of the social crisis, which is stated by the modern researchers.
SEXUAL REPRESENTATION IN THE POSTMODERN PHILSOPHICAL DISCOURSE
Authors: Koliieva Iryna A.
Published: August 2016

The purpose of the article is to discover the peculiarities of the interpretation of sexual representation in the postmodern philosophical discourse; to analyze the way of becoming the category of sexuality an integral part of feminine subjectivity; to compare the ways of interpretation of the category of sexuality in the works of the Western and Ukrainian researchers. Methods and approaches. To investigate the theoretical framework in the postmodern philosophy the cross-disciplinary approach is used. The comparative approach is methodologically important to clarify the problems concerning feminine subjectivity. The very approach provides the researcher with the opportunity to review the cultural peculiarities of the given historical period. Scientific novelty. Following the peculiarities of the gender approach it was discovered that the modern interpretation of the category of feminine subjectivity includes not only racial, class and ethnical differences, but the peculiarities of a sexual character. Unfortunately, the category of sexuality is still the way of women’s oppression. Nevertheless, this category is now an important tool when representing the versatile nature of feminine subjectivity. The problems of sexual marginality are considered to be the way of destroying gender stereotypes. Conclusion. It is proved that the postmodern philosophical discourse has contributed serious transformations when interpreting the feminine nature and changed the attitude to the very category of sexuality. The interpretation of the category of sexuality is a certain touchstone clarifying the attitude towards a human being in general and towards a woman in particular. It is determined that nowadays the problems of sexuality raise some concerns and anxiety posing more questions than giving the answers. One point is absolutely clear: it is impossible to investigate the nature of a modern human being out of the postmodern philosophical discourse. What is more, it is impossible to investigate the postmodern philosophical discourse out of the categories of human sexual representation.
Passageiros com deficiência no transporte aéreo brasileiro: diferentes atores, perspectivas semelhantes
Authors: Silva Talita Naiara Rossi da , Guarda Jerusa Barbosa de Souza , Silva Larissa Lunardon Gomes da , Figueiredo Julia Pierre , Menegon Nilton Luiz
Published: August 2016

Resumo As mudanças em relação ao entendimento da deficiência no mundo buscam a efetivação da inclusão social e a maior participação das pessoas com deficiência em todos os contextos e atividades. Entretanto, no transporte aéreo há inúmeras barreiras que podem dificultar a viagem dessas pessoas. Assim, este estudo busca compreender as experiências de passageiros com deficiência no transporte aéreo brasileiro, a partir das perspectivas de diferentes atores sociais, incluindo profissionais que atuam em associações, centros de referência em reabilitação, órgãos públicos e passageiros com deficiência usuários do transporte aéreo. Para desenvolvimento do estudo foram realizadas 20 entrevistas semiestruturadas entre 2012 e 2013. Os resultados indicaram que os passageiros com deficiência encontram inúmeras dificuldades no transporte aéreo ao longo de todo o processo de viagem, inclusive fatores associados aos aeroportos, às aeronaves e aos serviços e procedimentos das companhias aéreas. Sugere-se que projetos envolvendo os usuários sejam desenvolvidos, para que seja possível compreender as reais necessidades desses passageiros e desenvolver soluções que assegurem sua independência e segurança no uso do transporte.
Nursery growth and rhizobia symbiosis of scandent Leguminosae species native to the Amazon region
Authors: MOREIRA Fatima Maria de Souza , COELHO Katia Pereira , RIBEIRO Paula Rose de Almeida , GUIMARÃES Amanda Azarias
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT A great number of species and individuals of scandent legumes establishing symbiosis with nitrogen fixing bacteria occurs in the Amazon Forest. These symbiosis probably play an important role in contributing to nitrogen incorporation in this ecossystem. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the growth of eight species of scandent legumes in five nursery substrates; to compare nodulation with rhizobia strains introduced or native to these substrates; and to characterize phenotypically and genetically these rhizobia. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five replications. Five to seven months after seedling emergency, according to the legume species, growth and nodulation parameters were determined. Rhizobia identification of strains was carried out by 16S rRNA gene partial sequencing. The survival of seedlings after the transplanting varied from 93 to 98%, in Ultisol (Argissolo in Brazilian classification), collected in primary forest, and fertilized with all nutrients, except nitrogen (ULTfert); and in a clay and sand mixture, in a ratio 3:2 (CONV), respectively. Species with height superior to 30 cm, in general, grew better in substrates with higher fertility: ULTfert and Humic Gley soil (HG). Seven out of the eight species were able to nodulate. The percentage of nodulation per substrate was: SAND, washed sand with mixed inoculum of 100 rhizobia strains plus fertilization (100), HG (80), CONV (100), ULT, A-horizon of red-yellow Ultisol collected in the Ducke Forest Reserve (Manaus) (44), and ULTfert (55%). Bradyrhizobium spp. were isolated from nodules of all species and substrates. Burkolderia fungorum was isolated from Dalbergia inundata. For Dalbergia riedelli and Dalbergia inundata, this is the first report on the identification of symbiotic strains. Scandent legumes present high survival of seedlings in nursery, and develop better in substrates with higher fertility, and generally present symbiosis with Bradyrhizobium.
Interexaminer agreement dental caries epidemiological surveys: the importance of disease prevalence in the sample
Authors: Tonello Aline Sampieri , Silva Renato Pereira da , Assaf Andréa Videira , Ambrosano Gláucia Maria Bovi , Peres Silvia Helena de Carvalho Salles , Pereira Antonio Carlos , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro
Published: August 2016

Abstract: Objective: To identify desirable characteristics, including different sample sizes and dental caries prevalences, in virtual samples that allow, at the same time, higher values of general agreement percentage (GPA) and Kappa coefficient (κ), under a low confidence interval (CI), in reproducibility studies. Method: A total of 384 statistical simulations of inter-examiner calibration, varying sample size (12, 15, 20, 60, 200 and 500 individuals), caries prevalence (30, 50, 60 and 90%) and percentages of positive (PA) and negative (NA) agreement (30, 50, 60 and 90%) were undertaken. GPA and κ were used to measure reproducibility and define deviation between them. Results: The sample of 60 individuals, under caries prevalence of 50%, PA and NA of 90%, presented a GPA and Kappa values of 90 and 80%, respectively, a relative small confidence interval (95%CI 0.65 - 0.95) and a GPA/Kappa deviation of 10.00. Conclusion: A virtual sample of 60 individuals, under caries prevalence of 50%, seems feasible to produce a satisfactory interexaminer agreement at epidemiological conditions. However, epidemiological studies to corroborate or refute this assertion are necessary.
Active aging is associated with low prevalence of depressive symptoms among Brazilian older adults
Authors: Galli Rosangela , Moriguchi Emílio Hideyuki , Bruscato Neide Maria , Horta Rogerio Lessa , Pattussi Marcos Pascoal
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Active aging is the process of optimizing opportunities for health, participation and security, aiming to improve quality of life as people age. A series of studies had demonstrated that a lower prevalence of depression is found among more active elderly. Objective: To evaluate the association between indicators of active aging and depressive symptoms among the elderly (aged 60 years or more). Method: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,006 elderly people (aged 60 years or over) from a small-sized Brazilian municipality. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Geriatric Depression Scale - 15, with cutoff point ≥ 6 symptoms. Active aging was evaluated using indicators such as: active occupational situation, manual work, reading and physical activities. Data analyses used modified Poisson regression to obtain crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR). Results: Most of the elderly people were: white, women and aged between 60 and 74 years. All the indicators of active aging were associated with the outcome. After controlling for socioeconomic, demographic and health variables, elderly people who worked, participated in groups, did manual work and maintained interests such as reading and talking to friends had lower prevalence of depressive symptoms compared to those not doing these activities. Conclusions: Active aging approaches may serve as a valuable mental health promotion strategy aimed at the elderly.
Comparison between self-reported sleep duration and actigraphy among adolescents: gender differences
Authors: Guedes Luciane Gaspar , Abreu Gabriela de Azevedo , Rodrigues Daniel Frossard , Teixeira Liliane Reis , Luiz Ronir Raggio , Bloch Katia Vergetti
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT: Introduction: There are only few agreement studies between subjective measures of sleep and actigraphy among adolescents. Objective: To compare self-reported sleep and actigraphy in this age group, by studying gender differences and, using a new graphical approach, the survival agreement plot. Methods: Thirty-seven subjects, aged 12 to 17 years, answered questions about nocturnal sleep duration and used actigraphy for seven days. The mean and median differences between the informed sleep and the recorded one, the intraclass correlation coefficient, the Bland-Altman plot and the survival-agreement plot were used. Results: A mean difference of about one hour (SD = 2.1; median = 0.5; p < 0.01) was found between both strategies, which was higher among boys, 1.9 hours (SD = 2.8; median = 1.6; p < 0.05), than among girls, 0.5 hours (SD = 1.4; median = 0.3; p = 0.11). The graphical evaluation showed similar results, as well as the intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.06 (95%CI = -0.33 - 0.46; p = 0.489) for boys and 0.43 (95%CI = 0.12 - 0.83; p < 0.001) for girls. Conclusions: Our data are consistent with previous studies as to non-agreement between the two methods. These results are relevant because this is the first study of concordance between subjective measures of sleep and actigraphy among Brazilian adolescents, as far as we know. In addition, they reinforce the need of a careful use of nocturnal sleep measures among adolescents, mainly among boys.
Avaliação da assistência oftalmológica na perspectiva dos usuários
Authors: Martins Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima , Muniz Ariadna Borges , Silveira Marise Fagundes , Carreiro Danilo Lima , Souza João Gabriel Silva , Ferreira Efigênia Ferreira e
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: Estimou-se as prevalências da necessidade, do acesso e da insatisfação com a assistência oftalmológica entre os que a obtiveram no último ano; identificaram-se os fatores associados a essa insatisfação. Considerou-se uma amostra probabilística complexa. Conduziu-se análises descritivas, bivariadas e múltiplas com correção pelo efeito de desenho. Dos 2.582 participantes, 76% necessitavam de assistência, dentre os que necessitavam, 82,5% tiveram acesso. Dentre os que obtiveram assistência no último ano, 13,1% estavam insatisfeitos. A insatisfação foi maior entre mais velhos, os que foram andando ou de bicicleta para o local da consulta e os que relataram que foi regular/ruim/péssima: a experiência de ter sido recebido e tratado com respeito, a clareza com que o prestador explicou as coisas e a liberdade que teve para escolher o seu prestador de assistência oftalmológica. A maioria necessitava e teve acesso à assistência. A insatisfação foi baixa. A idade do paciente, o meio de transporte utilizado para chegar ao local da consulta, o relacionamento paciente/profissional e a liberdade de escolha intervêm na insatisfação.
Machado de Assis e a aprovação incondicional da vida: o trágico em "Pai contra mãe"
Authors: RESENDE LEANDRO SANTOS
Published: August 2016

Resumo O presente texto se baseia na linha interpretativa desenvolvida por Rogério de Almeida que define Machado de Assis como um autor alinhado à filosofia trágica. Objetiva-se, por meio dessa fundamentação, analisar o conto "Pai contra mãe" para mostrar aquilo que parece ser a lição mais importante a ser aprendida, a saber, a aprovação incondicional da vida. Consideramos que a leitura desse conto exemplifica a seguinte distinção: por um lado, temos todas as concepções não trágicas, as quais se fundamentam por uma intenção que estabelece uma ordenação e sentido à existência; por outro lado, temos a intenção trágica que se contrapõe às demais e nada estabelece sobre o sentido do ser, porque nada há além do acaso como determinação dos acontecimentos.
Parênteses
Authors: CHEMAMA ROLAND
Published: August 2016

Resumo Este trabalho visa a examinar as relações entre a temática da imagem no que concerne à clínica psicanalítica e a abordagem surpreendente que Machado de Assis oferece de nossa relação com o mundo do espelho, o mundo onde o desejo transparece, mas também onde ele se dissimula. O ciúme em Dom Casmurro, os contos "O espelho"e "Uns braços" registram o jogo e as formas da escrita onde se tece, em sua ficção, uma lição de estilo na abordagem do objeto que causa o desejo.
A educação e a escola: princípios de formação em três contos de Machado de Assis
Authors: GIMENES ALESSANDRA MARIA MOREIRA , REZENDE NEIDE LUZIA DE
Published: August 2016

Resumo Pretende-se neste artigo discutir ideias de educação e de formação pela escola que Machado de Assis desenvolve em três de seus contos "Um cão de lata ao rabo", "O programa" e "Conto de escola". Busca-se destacar como os textos abordam a educação e a escola do Brasil do século XIX, e como desvelam certas concepções de formação essenciais para a compreensão dos significados da escola e da educação na vida dos brasileiros da época. Resulta dessa abordagem a perspectiva de que das obras emergem princípios formativos alternativos e uma ácida crítica à educação e à formação proporcionadas pela escola do Brasil oitocentista.
Mapeamento de áreas de risco a escorregamentos e inundações em áreas marginais a rodovias na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo
Authors: Rodrigues Flávio de Souza , Listo Fabrizio de Luiz Rosito
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi realizar o mapeamento de áreas de risco a escorregamentos e a inundações em áreas marginais a uma importante rodovia do Estado de São Paulo. Sendo assim, um segundo objetivo do trabalho foi apresentar medidas geotécnicas de contenção aos processos mapeados. Para isso, as áreas de risco foram mapeadas a partir de visitas de campo e classificadas em quatro graus de risco (R1: baixo; R2: médio; R3: alto ou; R4: muito alto) utilizando fichas de cadastro que contemplam condicionantes naturais, antrópicos e evidências de instabilidade. Foram identificados oito setores de risco a escorregamentos (cinco com risco R2; dois com risco R3 e um com risco R4) e um setor de risco a inundação (R3). Este trabalho poderá contribuir no melhor monitoramento de impactos ambientais resultantes da construção de rodovias, sobretudo, resultantes do aparecimento de ocupações irregulares em áreas impróprias para a ocupação.
Estratégias de Comunicadores Auxiliados para Instruir Parceiros de Comunicação na Construção de Modelos Físicos
Authors: MASSARO Munique , STADSKLEIV Kristine , TETZCHNER Stephen von , DELIBERATO Débora
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as estratégias utilizadas pelos comunicadores auxiliados e comunicadores naturalmente falantes ao instruir um parceiro de comunicação para a construção de modelos físicos. Os participantes foram 18 comunicadores auxiliados e 18 comunicadores naturalmente falantes de um grupo de comparação, com idade entre 5-15 anos, do Brasil e da Noruega. Além disso, três diferentes grupos de parceiros de comunicação naturalmente falantes participaram da pesquisa: pais, colegas e profissional. Em um primeiro momento, as crianças comunicadores auxiliados foram avaliadas. Em seguida, as tarefas de construção foram administradas. Nessa tarefa, os comunicadores auxiliados e as crianças do grupo de comparação tiveram que instruir o parceiro de comunicação para construir modelos físicos. Os participantes foram filmados ao fazer a construção e as gravações foram transcritas. Foi realizada a análise de conteúdo, de que resultou no delineamento de categorias, e os resultados foram analisados qualitativa e quantitativamente. Este estudo sugere que existem diferenças entre as estratégias utilizadas nas construções. Comunicadores auxiliados e seu parceiro de comunicação usam mais tempo para concluir as construções. No entanto, ambos os grupos usaram a linguagem para instruir o parceiro de comunicação e finalizar as construções.
As Contribuições do Uso da Comunicação Alternativa no Processo de Inclusão Escolar de um Aluno com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo
Authors: TOGASHI Cláudia Miharu , WALTER Cátia Crivelenti de Figueiredo
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: o presente estudo é a continuidade de uma pesquisa maior, cujo objetivo foi implementar um programa de capacitação oferecido a professores da rede municipal do RJ, atuando no Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) para introduzir o uso do sistema PECS-Adaptado junto aos alunos com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA). Ao término da pesquisa, surgiram questionamentos, dando origem a esta investigação, que foi dividida em dois estudos: primeiro foi o follow-up da pesquisa maior e teve como objetivo verificar a eficácia e continuidade do uso do PECS-Adaptado pela professora do AEE com seu aluno com TEA. Foi realizado em uma sala de recursos no município do RJ e participaram da pesquisa a professora e o aluno com TEA. Ocorreram sete sessões, que foram analisadas a partir de um protocolo de registro dos níveis de apoio oferecido nas fases do PECS-Adaptado. Os resultados sinalizaram continuidade no uso do sistema pela professora. O Estudo II objetivou analisar as interações comunicativas do mesmo aluno do estudo I com uma professora e uma estagiária em ambiente de sala de aula regular. Foram realizadas 10 sessões de observação e intervenção quanto aos atos comunicativos e estes foram categorizados e dispostos em quadros para melhor visualização. Os resultados mostraram maior interação comunicativa do aluno com a estagiária na fase de intervenção, além de generalizar o uso do PECS-Adaptado na sala de aula regular. Concluiu-se que a comunicação é um dos fatores fundamentais para que a inclusão escolar de um aluno com TEA ocorra de forma mais efetiva.
Diálogos em delay:especulações em torno de uma temporalidade outra do encontro pedagógico
Authors: Aquino Julio Groppa
Published: August 2016

Resumo A fim de conjecturar um plano ético-político expansivo capaz de fomentar uma atitude eminentemente crítica ante o presente educacional, o texto que ora se apresenta organiza-se segundo três patamares argumentativos articulados. No primeiro deles, debruçamo-nos sobre o romance Memórias de Adriano e, em especial, sobre as reflexões de Marguerite Yourcenar acerca do método de composição da obra e de seu modo particular de endereçamento ao passado. Em seguida, por meio de uma espécie de jogo de contraste com o ponto de vista da escritora, são trazidos à baila alguns marcos do legado teórico foucaultiano, especialmente no que se refere aos jogos cruzados entre presente, história e verdade. Tratou-se, assim, de criar uma ambiência argumentativa assentada nas noções de regimes de verdade, de história genealógica e de ontologia do presente. As discussões finais do texto dedicam-se a focalizar, a par da própria experiência de Michel Foucault como professor, as duas tópicas principais do percurso ulterior do pensador − o cuidado de si e a parrhesía −, tendo em vista suas possíveis implicações pedagógicas. Com isso, almejou-se perspectivar uma mirada sobre o encontro pedagógico que, ao lhe conferir certa potência ético-estilística, reclama um regime de tempo diverso nas transações que aí tomam lugar.
Visceral leishmaniasis in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil: spatial and space-time analysis
Authors: Cardim Marisa Furtado Mozini , Guirado Marluci Monteiro , Dibo Margareth Regina , Chiaravalloti Neto Francisco
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To perform both space and space-time evaluations of visceral leishmaniasis in humans in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. METHODS The population considered in the study comprised autochthonous cases of visceral leishmaniasis and deaths resulting from it in Sao Paulo, between 1999 and 2013. The analysis considered the western region of the state as its studied area. Thematic maps were created to show visceral leishmaniasis dissemination in humans in the municipality. Spatial analysis tools Kernel and Kernel ratio were used to respectively obtain the distribution of cases and deaths and the distribution of incidence and mortality. Scan statistics were used in order to identify spatial and space-time clusters of cases and deaths. RESULTS The visceral leishmaniasis cases in humans, during the studied period, were observed to occur in the western portion of Sao Paulo, and their territorial extension mainly followed the eastbound course of the Marechal Rondon highway. The incidences were characterized as two sequences of concentric ellipses of decreasing intensities. The first and more intense one was found to have its epicenter in the municipality of Castilho (where the Marechal Rondon highway crosses the border of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul) and the second one in Bauru. Mortality was found to have a similar behavior to incidence. The spatial and space-time clusters of cases were observed to coincide with the two areas of highest incidence. Both the space-time clusters identified, even without coinciding in time, were started three years after the human cases were detected and had the same duration, that is, six years. CONCLUSIONS The expansion of visceral leishmaniasis in Sao Paulo has been taking place in an eastbound direction, focusing on the role of highways, especially Marechal Rondon, in this process. The space-time analysis detected the disease occurred in cycles, in different spaces and time periods. These meetings, if considered, may contribute to the adoption of actions that aim to prevent the disease from spreading throughout the whole territory of São Paulo or to at least reducing its expansion speed.
KIsspeptin correction capabilities of the reproductive status upon application of the blockers and activators of alpha-adrenergic receptors
Authors: Matvienko M. , Pustovalov A. , Dzerzhinsky M. , Mikhalsky S.
Published: August 2016

Kisspeptinergic and α-adrenergic systems provide independent activating influence on the cells of the arcuate hypothalamic nucleus of mature rats. Changes in status of the arcuate nucleus as a central element of the reproductive system, induced by the administration of antagonists and agonists of the α-adrenergic receptors, could be compensated by introduction of kisspeptin and its antagonist, respectively.
Substrate specificity of cathepsin H in untransformed tissues of mammary gland and in tissues of moderately differentiated form of lobular infiltrating breast cancer
Authors: Labunets G.
Published: August 2016

The substrate specifity of cathepsin H in untransformed tissues of mammary gland and in tissues of moderately differentiated form of lobular infiltrating breast cancer has been investigated. Cathepsin H from untransformed tissues of mammary gland hydrolyzed synthetic substrates in a row: Bz-Gly-Phe--->Z-Phe-Ala--->Z-Glu-Tyr--->oxytocin unlike enzyme from malignant tumor that did not hydrolyze the synthetic dipeptide Z-Glu-Tyr and revealed the substrate specificity in a row: Z-Phe-Ala--->Bz-Gly-Phe--->oxytocin. Cathepsin H has proteolytic endopeptidase activity to the substrate casein more pronounced for enzyme from untransformed tissue of mammary gland.
The effect of chondroitin sodium sulfate on oxidation-antioxidant balance in the blood serum of carrageenan-induced inflammation in the rat hindpaw
Authors: Dvorshchenko K. , Ashpin M. , Voeikov A. , Korotkyi O.
Published: August 2016

The significant violation of pro-/antioxidative balance in serum of сarrageenan-induced inflammation in the rat paw was established. It was associated with increased levels of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation products, as well as with elevated catalase and decreased superoxide dismutase activity. All above mentioned indices was closer to control values in animals treated simultaneously with сarrageenan and drug "Drastop".
Análise de parâmetros clínicos e laboratoriais relacionados à atopia em crianças da zona urbana e rural
Authors: Lima Jussara Silva , Araújo Carlos Alberto Mota , Arruda Luisa Karla De Paula , Junior Virmondes Rodrigues , Cunali Valéria Cardoso Alves , Dos Santos Vandui Da Silva
Published: August 2016

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a expressão de alergias (dermatite, rinite e ou asma) e relacionar com a incidência de parasitoses. Foi feito um estudo clínico em crianças de 2 a 15 anos residentes na zona urbana ou rural. A avaliação se fez pelo questionário ISAAC adaptado e exames laboratoriais - dosagem de IgG4, IgE total e específico para Derp 1 2, Per a7, tropomiosina de ácaro e de Ascaris, contagem de eosinófilos e parasitológico de fezes. A prevalência de parasitoses foi reduzida na população estudada, mas elevada na população proveniente de zona rural. Observou-se correlação entre a concentração de IgE total e contagem relativa de eosinófilos. A ocorrência de alergias ou a procedência dos indivíduos não esteve relacionada com alterações laboratoriais, e nem com reatividade a antígenos parasitários e ambientais, por se tratar de uma interiorana, com poucas discrepâncias sociais, ambientais e climáticas entre zona rural e urbana.Descritores: Hipersensibilidade; Imunoglobulina E; Helmintos.
Frecuencia y características epidemiológicas de golpes en la cabeza en niños menores de 5 años.
Authors: Isla Zárate Ybeth Medalit , Ricalde Ponce de León Sheby Annie , Sipión Reyes Alicia Lorena , Mormontoy Laurel Wilfredo , Guillén Pinto Daniel
Published: August 2016

Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la frecuencia, características epidemiológicas y posibles mecanismos patogénicos de golpes en la cabeza sufridos por niños de cinco o menos años de edad. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional de tipo descriptivo, utilizando un cuestionario dirigido a madres de familia que acuden a consulta externa de Pediatría del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia (HNCH). El cuestionario se aplicó mediante un muestreo aleatorio simple sistematizado. Resultados: Se entrevistaron a 312 madres, obteniéndose información de 373 niños, de los cuales 260 habían sufrido por lo menos un golpe en la cabeza, reportando en total 381 traumas craneales. El 89% (339/381) de los accidentes ocurrieron en casa y 39,9% (152/381) en horas de la mañana. En el 71,7% de los casos (243/260), fueron caídas de altura, con la cama como el origen más frecuente, en 62,6% (162/243). En 15,4% (59/381) de los accidentes, la madre acudió a servicios de emergencia y en 5,7% (22/381) a una posta médica. Un 1,5% (6/381) de los casos requirieron atención hospitalaria. Conclusiones: Los golpes de cabeza son muy frecuentes en niños menores de 5 años. La mayoría de casos ocurren en la casa, predominantemente en el dormitorio. La madre fue la cuidadora habitual en casi todos los casos. La mayoría de accidentes fueron leves y los síntomas de alarma más frecuentes fueron la somnolencia y los vómitos. Se observaron condiciones de riesgo muy frecuentes dentro de los hogares.
Cirugía de epilepsia en patología dual abordada con estimulación cortical directa y electrocorticografía intraoperatoria. Primer caso en el Hospital Rebagliati.
Authors: Barreto-Acevedo Elliot , Becerra-Zegarra Alicia , Villafuerte-Espinoza Mirla V. , Llaja-Rojas Victoria
Published: August 2016

La coexistencia de esclerosis hipocampal con una lesión extrahipocampal potencialmente epileptógena, situación conocida como patología dual, traza un reto para planificar la cirugía resectiva de epilepsia farmacorresistente. Presentamos un caso de epilepsia focal farmacorresistente asociada a patología dual (esclerosis hipocampal izquierda y gliosis frontal izquierda), abordada con estimulación eléctrica cortical directa y electrocorticografía intraoperatoria, con buenos resultados a corto plazo.
Patu™: Fighting fit, fighting fat! The Hinu Wero approach
Authors: Forrest Rachel , Taylor Lee-Anne , Roberts Jennifer , Pearson Maria , Foxall Donna , Scott-Chapman Sue
Published: August 2016

The PATU™ Aotearoa Hinu Wero (Fat Challenge) is a group exercise initiative that promotes physical activity and focuses on fat loss in order to reduce obesity in Māori. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the pilot nine-week Hinu Wero (August–October 2014) involving 66 participants (males n = 26, females n = 40, ages 17–63 years) using a mixed-methods approach. Pre-and post-Hinu Wero anthropometric data revealed whether changes in body fat percentage, body mass index, and weight occurred. Mean reductions in all these measurements were observed. An online focus group with 13 of the participants, and a trainer interview (n = 1, male, 28 years) was undertaken in June 2015 to obtain various perspectives of the Hinu Wero. The online focus group participants were very enthusiastic about the PATU™ Hinu Wero and the results being achieved. It was acknowledged that the Māori practice of whanaungatanga (connectedness, support) was of paramount importance. The PATU™ Hinu Wero functioned as an effective health intervention for reducing obesity in local Māori and working towards reducing health inequities in New Zealand.
Synthesis and Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane (WBPU)/Modified Lignin Amine (MLA) Adhesive: A Promising Adhesive Material
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Mizanur , Zahir Md. Hasan , Kim Han Do
Published: August 2016

A series of waterborne polyurethane (WBPU)/modified lignin amine (MLA) adhesives was prepared using modified lignin amine (MLA) as a chain extender by a prepolymer mixing process. A successful Mannich reaction was achieved during the synthesis of MLA by reacting lignin with bis(3-aminopropyl)amine. Higher tensile strength, Young’s modulus and thermal stability were recorded for WBPU/MLA adhesives with higher MLA contents. The WBPU/MLA adhesive materials were used to coat PVC substrates. The adhesive strength increased with increasing MLA content. More importantly, the MLA also enhanced the WBPU/MLA coating in terms of adhesive strength at moderately high temperatures as well as under natural weather exposed conditions. The adhesive strength was essentially unaffected with 6.48 mole% MLA in the WBPU/MLA coating after exposure to natural weather conditions for 180 days.
Blending Science and Community Voices for Multi-Scale Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Resilience: A Participatory Scenario Planning Approach
Authors: Nurye Alebachew Adem
Published: August 2016

Climate change is a major development challenge to Ethiopia. Unless adaptation measures are widely implemented, climate change can set back development efforts and achievements by years. Recognizing this, the Government of Ethiopia (GoE) and civil society organizations have since recently been making considerable efforts to tackle the climate change problem. This paper documents the experience of CARE International in Ethiopia in facilitating bottom-up approaches to promote community-led disaster risk management and climate change adaptation planning through a participator scenario planning (PSP) methodology. PSP is a coordinated approach which leverages a variety of stakeholders' skills and mandates to explore potential climate change risks and their impacts, and then develop locally relevant and shared adaptation action plans that support livelihoods, social capital and ecosystem resilience. The approach has facilitated timely access to and communication of seasonal climate advisories which in turn is empowering communities to take advantage of opportunities that climate presents, which is a key part of adapting to climate change. The institutionalization of the approach by district and regional disaster prevention and food security coordination offices in the southern pastoral regions of Ethiopia encouraged integration of PSP into community livelihood adaptation and local government development planning, hence continuity of the process. Sustainability is expected to be fully achieved when local government planning processes recognize the importance of and provides resources for the participation of meteorological services and community forecasting experts to help refine plans on a seasonal basis, and for systems for dissemination of advisories. Key words: Climate Change, Disaster Risk Reduction, Adaptation, Pastoralism, Ethiopia,
Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Industrial contaminated soil by Spiracia oleracea L and Zeamays L
Authors: M.R Abhilash , S Srikantaswamy , D Shiva Kumar , K Jagadish , L Shruthi
Published: August 2016

Present days, environment is filled up with a large quantity of toxicants including heavy metals in dissimilar forms. Heavy metal pollution is a significant environmental problem and has its negative impact on human health and agriculture. Several methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants, but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results. Currently, phytoremediation is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove inactive metals and metal pollutants from contaminated soil and water. This technology is environmental friendly and potentially cost effective. This article reports about the mobility, bio-availability and Phytoremediational response of plant in heavy metals in Industrial contaminated soil of Mysuru City, additionally Translocation factor (TF) and Biological Concentration Factor (BCF) also carried to know the ability of the Spiracia oleracea L and Zeamays L.
Characterising Hydraulic Fracture Contribution in Shale Oil Wells Using High-Precision Temperature and Spectral Noise Logging
Authors: Aslanyan Arthur , Aslanyan Irina , Kuzyutin Roman , Volkov Maxim , Karantharath Radhakrishnan , Shnaib Fathi
Published: August 2016

Over the last decade, an industry-wide shift to shale plays has occurred due to advances in technology allowing for the economic recovery of previously unattractive reserves. The primary objective of well completions in shale reservoirs is to increase the effective surface area and thus maximise reservoir contact, as the fracture network area is the most important factor affecting production from such reservoirs.

Understanding which hydraulic fractures actively contribute to production in shale reservoirs is essential for well performance evaluation and improving current completion design. This last point is, in turn, essential for expected high productivities to offset high drilling and completion costs of unconventional oil wells. Today, unconventional plays are economically developed through stimulation of horizontal wells by hydraulic fracturing. Conventional production logging (spinner, borehole fluid salinity, density and flowing temperature surveys) often fail to identify which stage produces the greatest effect on hydrocarbon production.

The integration of High Precision Temperature (HPT) Logging and Spectral Noise Logging (SNL) data is the most effective method of Reservoir Flow Analysis due to the large radius of investigation of these tools. For this reason, HPT-SNL can be effectively used for post-hydrofracturing diagnostics. More specifically, it can assess individual fracture contributions to the overall well flow. Spectral Noise Logging can not only pick up flow in rocks behind multiple barriers of casing and cement but also tell whether such flow comes from fractures, the rock matrix, perforations or completion components. High Precision Temperature (HPT) logging detects minute variations in fluid temperature caused by heat exchange that depends on the thermodynamic properties (heat flux, thermal conductivities, etc.) of completion components, formation rocks and fluids. Both technologies have been successfully applied in the shale-oil wells of the Permian basin and clearly differentiated between contributing and inactive fractures. Such information is critical for improving hydraulic fracturing job designs for wells to be drilled in the Permian Basin.
A Sensitivity Analysis of Cyclic Solvent Stimulation for Post-CHOPS EOR: Application on an Actual Field Case
Authors: Rangriz Shokri A.. , Babadagli T..
Published: August 2016

An uncertainty-screening procedure was performed to assess the feasibility of cyclic solvent stimulation as a post-cold heavy-oil production with sands (CHOPS) enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) method. To achieve this, three cycles of cyclic solvent stimulation were modeled on a previously history-matched Albertan CHOPS field with 15 wells. The results were compared with a base model at each cycle in terms of oil production, gas production, and gas-injection volumes. The emphasis was on both uncertain parameters (wormhole vertical location, strength of foamy oil, time-dependent gas dissolution/exsolution) and operational input (injection pattern, injection rate, injection/soaking time). It was shown that bottom-located wormholes and nonequilibrium gas dissolution/exsolution could highly affect incremental oil production and project net present values (NPVs), but unfortunately, they cannot be controlled in practice. On the other hand, injection pattern, injection rate, and injection/soaking time, as operational inputs, can contribute to project profitability.

Next, an economic model was developed, and after-tax NPV of the field was introduced as an economic indicator. This uncertainty analysis revealed that an increase in operational input such as injection rate may enhance oil recovery from a technical point of view, but does not necessarily increase project profitability (NPVs), yet an optimum value exists. It was shown that such an economic model had the priority to oil-recovery factor or cumulative oil production because it could incorporate costs and sales simultaneously by performing continuous discounting, and allow the asset holder to maximize NPVs by selecting the best development strategy.
Estrategias comunitarias de prevención en salud en la cárcel de Villahermosa
Authors: Bravo Omar Alejandro
Published: August 2016

La situación de la salud en las cárceles de Colombia es muy grave, dadas las condiciones de hacinamiento de la población privada de libertad y la falta de servicios de atención y prevención adecuados. En particular, el consumo de drogas muestra una alta incidencia, situación que está favorecida por las formas de relación social que se producen en estos espacios.Este artículo analiza los resultados de una intervención realizada en la cárcel de Villahermosa, Cali, dirigida a establecer estrategias de prevención entre los internos de esa Institución. Se partió de un diagnóstico previo, basado en la realización de entrevistas y grupos focales. A partir de esta información, se establecieron acciones preventivas en cada patio, de acuerdo con las características de cada sector.Estas acciones resultan insuficientes en relación con la magnitud de los problemas de salud que se presentan, pero permiten disminuir los daños y riesgos que la institución carcelaria provoca. El recurso comunitario se presenta como una herramienta efectiva para estos objetivos.
The construction of a water rights system in China that is suited to the strictest water resources management system
Authors: Dou Ming , Wang Yanyan
Published: August 2016

Establishing a modern water rights system (WRS) that is suited to the Strictest Water Resources Management System (SWRM) is an important reform in China's water resources management in terms of addressing current water issues. However, there are still several problems in the construction of a WRS, such as ambiguity in the definition of water rights, weakness in the infrastructure of water rights and imperfect WRS legislation. Moreover, water rights allocation (WRA) and water rights trading (WRT), which are two core components of water rights, still have some problems that remain to be solved. The ‘Three Red Lines’, which make up the core of the SWRM, are expounded upon, and the relationship between the WRS and the SWRM is analyzed. Finally, some appropriate recommendations based on the ‘Three Red Lines’ are provided to perfect the WRS so that it is suitable for the SWRM. In this paper, we conclude that the WRS is a type of water resource management that can effectively solve the current water issues in China. Significant efforts have been made in the construction of the WRS, which has achieved remarkable success in a period of exploration and practice in China. The construction of the WRS supports sustainable social and economic development and results in harmonious relationships between humans and nature.