bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the functional relationship between antecedent rainfall and the probability of debris flow occurrence in Jiangjia Gully, China
Authors: Zhang Shaojie , Yang Hongjuan , Hu Kaiheng , Ma Juan , Liu Dunlong
Published: September 2022

Abstract. A larger antecedent effective precipitation (AEP) indicates a higher probability of a debris flow (Pdf) being triggered by subsequent rainfall. There are a number of scientific topics surrounding this qualitative conclusion that can be raised, including what kinds of variation rules do they follow, and whether there is a boundary limit. To answer these questions, Jiangjia Gully in Dongchuan, Yunnan province, China, was chosen as the study area, and a numerical calculation, rainfall scenario simulation, and Monte Carlo integration method were used to calculate the occurrence probability of debris flow under different AEP conditions and derive the functional relationship between Pdf and AEP. The relationship between Pdf and AEP can be quantified by a piecewise function, and Pdf reaches a maximum value of 18.96 % after the AEP exceeds 110 mm, indicating that debris flow in nature has an extremely small probability compared to the rainfall frequency. Data from 1094 rainfall events and 37 historical debris flow events were collected to verify the reasonability of the functional relationship. The results indicate that the first two stages of the piecewise function are highly correlated with the observation results. Our study confirms the correctness of the qualitative description of the relationship between AEP and Pdf, clarifies that debris flow is a small probability event compared to rainfall frequency, and quantitatively reveals the evolution law of debris flow occurrence probability with AEP, which can provide a clear reference for the early warning of debris flows.
Brief communication: Western Europe flood in 2021 – mapping agriculture flood exposure from synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
Authors: He Kang , Yang Qing , Shen Xinyi , Anagnostou Emmanouil N.
Published: September 2022

Abstract. In this communication, we present the exposure of agricultural
lands to the flooding caused by extreme precipitation in western Europe from
12 to 15 July 2021. Overlaying the flood inundation maps
derived from the near-real-time RAdar-Produced Inundation Diary (RAPID)
system on the Coordination of information on the environment (CORINE) Land
Cover map we estimate a 1920 km2 area affected by the flooding,
with 64 % representing agricultural land. Among the inundated agricultural
land, 36 % of the area is pastures while 34 % is arable land. Most
agricultural flood exposure is found in eastern France along the Rhône
River, the southern Netherlands along the Meuse River, and western Germany along the
Rhine River.
A closed-form model for layered snow slabs
Authors: Weißgraeber Philipp , Rosendahl Philipp Laurens
Published: September 2022

Abstract. We propose a closed-form analytical model for the mechanical behavior of stratified snow covers for the purpose of investigating and predicting the physical processes that lead to the formation of dry-snow slab avalanches. We represent the system of a stratified snow slab covering a collapsible weak layer by a beam composed of an arbitrary number of layers supported by an anisotropic elastic foundation in a two-dimensional plane-strain model. The model makes use of laminate mechanics and provides slab deformations, stresses in the weak layer, and energy release rates of weak-layer anticracks in real time. The closed-form solution accounts for the layering-induced coupling of bending and extension in the slab and of shear and normal stresses in the weak layer. It is validated against experimentally recorded displacement fields and a comprehensive finite element model indicating very good agreement. We show that layered slabs cannot be homogenized into equivalent isotropic bodies and reveal the impact of layering on bridging with respect to weak-layer stresses and energy release rates. It is demonstrated that inclined propagation saw tests allow for the determination of mixed-mode weak-layer fracture toughnesses. Our results suggest that such tests are dominated by mode I when cut upslope and comprise significant mode II contributions when cut downslope. A Python implementation of the presented model is publicly available as part of the "Weak Layer Anticrack Nucleation Model (WEAC)" software package under https://github.com/2phi/weac and https://pypi.org/project/weac.
The impact of the Agulhas Current System on precipitation in southern Africa in regional climate simulations covering the recent past and future
Authors: Tim Nele , Zorita Eduardo , Hünicke Birgit , Ivanciu Ioana
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Southern African climate is strongly impacted by climate change. Precipitation is a key variable in this region as it is linked to agriculture and water supply. An analysis of simulations with a regional atmospheric model over the last decades and the 21st century shows that in the past precipitation has decreased in some coastal areas of South Africa and increased in the rest of southern Africa. However, it is projected to decrease over the whole southern part of the domain in the future. The Agulhas Current System, including the current and the leakage, surrounds the continent in the east and south and it is found to impact precipitation. The reduction in the strength of the Agulhas Current is linked to a reduction in precipitation along the southeast coast. The Agulhas leakage, the part of the Agulhas Current that leaves the system and flows into the South Atlantic, impacts the precipitation in the southwest of the continent, located in the winter rainfall zone. A more intense Agulhas leakage is linked to a reduction in precipitation in this region.
Supercell convective environments in Spain based on ERA5: hail and non-hail differences
Authors: Calvo-Sancho Carlos , Díaz-Fernández Javier , Martín Yago , Bolgiani Pedro , Sastre Mariano , González-Alemán Juan Jesús , Santos-Muñoz Daniel , Farrán José Ignacio , Martín María Luisa
Published: September 2022

Abstract. Severe convective storms, in particular supercells, are
occasionally responsible for a large number of property losses and damage
in Spain. This paper aims to study the synoptic configurations and
pre-convective environments in a dataset of 262 supercells during 2011–2020 in Spain. The events are grouped into supercells with hail (diameter larger than 5 cm) and without hail and the results are compared. ERA5 reanalysis is used to study the synoptic configurations and proximity atmospheric profiles
related to the supercell events at the initial time. In addition,
temperature, convective available potential energy, convective inhibition,
lifting condensation level, level of free convection, height of freezing
level, wind shear and storm-relative helicity are obtained for each event.
Results show that supercells are more frequent on the Mediterranean coast
during the warm season. Some of the variables analyzed present statistically
significant differences between hail and non-hail events. In particular,
supercells with hail are characterized by higher median values of
most-unstable convective available potential energy than supercells without
hail.
Toxicity detection sensitive to conversational context
Authors: Xenos Alexandros , Pavlopoulos John , Androutsopoulos Ion , Dixon Lucas , Sorensen Jeffrey , Laugier Léo
Published: September 2022

User posts whose perceived toxicity depends on conversational context are rare in current toxicity detection datasets. Hence, toxicity detectors trained on existing datasets will also tend to disregard context, making the detection of context-sensitive toxicity harder when it does occur. We construct and publicly release a dataset of 10,000 posts with two kinds of toxicity labels: (i) annotators considered each post with the previous one as context; and (ii) annotators had no additional context. Based on this, we introduce a new task, context sensitivity estimation, which aims to identify posts whose perceived toxicity changes if the context (previous post) is also considered. We then evaluate machine learning systems on this task, showing that classifiers of practical quality can be developed, and we show that data augmentation with knowledge distillation can improve performance further. Such systems could be used to enhance toxicity detection datasets with more context-dependent posts, or to suggest when moderators should consider parent posts, which often may be unnecessary and may otherwise introduce significant additional costs.
Disinformation networks: A quali-quantitative investigation of antagonistic Dutch-speaking Telegram channels
Authors: Willaert Tom , Peeters Stijn , Seijbel Jasmin , Van Raemdonck Nathalie
Published: September 2022

In the field of disinformation research, the study of antagonistic networks and discourse on the messaging platform Telegram has developed into an active area of investigation. To this end, recent literature has specifically set out to map the scale, scope, and narrative trends marking Telegram communities with ties to localised, European contexts. The present paper contributes to this line of inquiry by offering an empirically-informed exploration of far-right and conspiracist Telegram channels associated with Flanders and the Netherlands. Building on previous observations concerning the propagation of disinformation on social media, the paper proposes a typology of the antagonistic discourse and narratives that circulate within these public channels. It thereby seeks to reconcile the comprehensive perspectives afforded by ‘big data’ approaches with the analysis of Telegram in an event– and culture–specific context. Covering the period March 2017–July 2021, this paper specifically considers an inductively collected dataset of 215 public Telegram channels and 371,951 messages pertaining to the relevant contexts, and bridges gaps between quantitative and qualitative methods by combining visual network analysis with discourse analysis. This combined approach reveals an expanding, highly diverse and dynamic network of Telegram channels, marked by overlapping antagonistic narratives, including traces of international conspiracy theories such as ‘The Great Reset’ and QAnon. These observations contribute to our understanding of how an emerging ‘alt-tech’ platform harbours and interconnects antagonistic actors and narratives in a specific linguistic and political context.
Why higher-level reading is important
Authors: Schüller-Zwierlein André , Mangen Anne , Kovač Miha , Van der Weel Adriaan
Published: September 2022

Societies are facing fundamental transformations as digital technologies are changing the ways we live, interact, work, study and read. The social and cultural impact of the digitization process on reading skills and practices remains under-researched. While digital technologies offer much potential for new forms of reading, recent empirical research shows that the digital environment is having a negative impact on reading, in particular on long-form reading and reading comprehension. It also remains unclear whether the transition to digital media actually lives up to its promise of improving learning outcomes. Recent studies of various kinds indicate a decline of crucial higher-level reading competencies and practices, such as critical and conscious reading, slow reading, non-strategic reading and long-form reading. Current educational policy, meanwhile, relies heavily on monocultural standardized testing of basic reading capabilities and on growing use of digital technologies. Reading education, assessment, research and policy-making should focus more on higher-level reading practices in both adults and children in order to understand the development of reading skills and practices in an age increasingly dependent on a ubiquitous digital infrastructure.
Ethics Reflexivity in Documentary Film (An i-doc as a model)
Authors:   A PhD researcher and documentary filmmaker at RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia., Aburghif Hsham
Published: September 2022

This article highlights the ethics of documentary filmmaking. It focuses on filmmakers' task to consider these ethics based on the ethical philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas in exploring the dilemmas of representation in documentaries adopted by Nash (2011), who notes that stories and ethics always go hand in hand. Determining the ethics of regulating documentary filmmaking is not easy and has been controversial over time. It is possible to define the ethics of a filmmaker academically. However, in practice, the matter is different as conditions and reality are imposed on the filmmaker, which makes his experience and expertise different from the ethics of theoretical filmmaking. This paper aims to show how an increasing number of academic scholars and filmmakers' industry stakeholders working for one goal can help improve the arguments on documentary filmmaking ethics to capitalise in the subsequent films. The method is to review published reports and articles on the ethics in documentary film and reflexivity, further including observed data about the experiences of others to help understand the ethics that guide documentary filmmaking, including my experience as a filmmaker in producing the interactive documentary Eden Again (2017) as a model. The problem discussed in this paper relates to what kills the documentary: the conflict between professional ethics and ideological biases. Some agendas negate professionalism and credibility by promoting or seeking to serve particular interests that push those behind the film to hide the truth instead of being completely open to exploring the participants' matters and following filmmaking's ethics. Documentary filmmakers are recommended that if they have ideological biases and solid feelings or preconceived ideas, set them aside and ethically interact with the facts they encounter while working on a documentary.
Adaptação transcultural do instrumento General Self Efficacy Scale-12 para o português do Brasil
Authors: Madruga Kaisy Martins de Albuquerque , Pagliuca Lorita Marlena Freitag , França Inácia Sátiro Xavier de , Nóbrega Maria Miriam Lima da , Pimenta Cláudia Jeane Lopes , Costa Kátia Nêyla de Freitas Macedo
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: realizar a adaptação transcultural do instrumento General Self Efficacy Scale-12 para o português do Brasil. Método: trata-se de um estudo metodológico, de adaptação transcultural de um instrumento de autoeficácia, que seguiu as etapas de tradução, síntese, retrotradução, avaliação semântica, validação de conteúdo e pré-teste. Resultados: a tradução e a retrotradução não apresentaram alterações em relação à versão original. Foram alcançadas a validação de conteúdo e a semântica e obteve-se um coeficiente de validade de conteúdo superior a 0,80. Conclusão: depois de desenvolver as etapas metodológicas, a escala foi devidamente adaptada à cultura brasileira e apresenta equivalência conceitual, semântica, cultural e operacional em relação à versão original. Portanto, esse instrumento tem potencial para ser utilizado na mensuração da autoeficácia.
Ocorrência de erros no preparo e na administração de medicamentos em unidade de pronto atendimento
Authors: Lima Edmila Lucas de , Valente Francilisi Brito Guimarães , Souza Adenícia Custódia Silva e
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: caracterizar os erros durante o preparo e a administração de medicamentos injetáveis em unidade de pronto atendimento. Método: estudo transversal descritivo realizado em unidade de pronto atendimento. Foi realizada a coleta de dados por observação direta, não participante, durante 30 dias consecutivos e os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. Resultados: foram observadas 751 doses durante o processo de preparo e administração de medicamentos. Os principais erros foram ausência de higienização das mãos, desinfecção de frascos ampola e bancada, falha na informação sobre o medicamento administrado e na identificação do paciente e verificação de alergia medicamentosa. Conclusão: os erros no processo de preparo e administração de medicamentos ocorrem frequentemente em unidade de pronto atendimento. O estudo indica e reforça a necessidade de reestruturação do serviço de emergência para uma prática segura e oferece subsídios para planejar a educação permanente e a formação de novos profissionais.
Effect of roost management on populations trends of Rhinolophus hipposideros and Rhinolophus ferrumequinum in Britain and Ireland
Authors: Wright Patrick G.R. , Kitching Tom , Hanniffy Ruth , Bollo Palacios Marina , McAney Kate , Schofield Henry
Published: September 2022

After a significant population decline during the 20th century, populations of both greater and lesser horseshoe bats have increased over recent decades in Britain and populations of lesser horseshoe bats have increased in Ireland. Vincent Wildlife Trust (VWT) acquired 37 bat reserves since the 1980s with the aim to safeguard the sites and enhance the roosting and hibernation conditions in buildings that were often derelict and sub-optimal for bats. These measures have resulted in a strong population size increase of all colonies. However, populations have also been increasing throughout Britain and Ireland as a consequence of legal protection and milder winters resulting in higher survival rates. Therefore, it is not clear whether the measures that have taken place in VWT reserves have led to a greater increase than roosts that have not benefited from the same type of management. We aimed to compare population trends of horseshoe bat roosts under VWT management and non-VWT management from 1999 to 2020 in order to assess its effectiveness. For this, we analysed population trends at sites under different management types (VWT and non-VWT) for lesser horseshoe bats in Britain and Ireland and greater horseshoe bats in Britain. Our results indicated that populations in Britain under VWT management have increased by 366% (CI 225% - 580%) for greater horseshoe bats and 188% (CI 125% - 283%) for lesser horseshoe bats. Roosts that did not benefit from the same levels of management increased respectively by 164% (CI 132% - 199%) and 51% (CI 40% - 60%). In Ireland, populations of lesser horseshoe bats in VWT managed roosts increased by 217% (CI 118% - 364%) while non-VWT managed roosts remained stable (-0.44%; CI -23% - 29%). We conclude that management actions carried out by VWT of greater and lesser horseshoe bat roosts have helped populations recover at a faster rate by securing the integrity of buildings, improving access points and by providing optimal microclimatic conditions within the buildings.
Under the Aspect of Eternity: The Human Right to Enjoy the Arts
Authors: Barrett Jonathan M.
Published: September 2022

Creation and enjoyment of art are human activities universal across time and place.  It was fitting, then, for the text of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights to affirm the right to enjoyment of the arts.  However, this right, as stated in article 27, is barely mentioned in subsequent United Nations covenants and declarations.  This Article seeks to bring the right to enjoy the arts, in particular the visual arts, back into the limelight.

For the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein, artworks are objects seen sub specie aeternitatis (under the aspect of eternity).  This Article engages with the affirmation of the eternal urge to create and enjoy the arts as a universal human right.  The Article first establishes the universality of art to explain why enjoyment of the arts has been affirmed as a universal human right.  The Article then traces the development of the statement of the right in the Universal Declaration and beyond.  This exercise reveals the potential tension between artists’ claims to copyright and moral rights, and other community members’ enjoyment of the visual arts.  The Article considers the nature of article 27 in the contemporary world and sketches a vision of a rights-based community of art.
Book Reviews
Authors: Sloboda Brian W.
Published: September 2022

Amitrajeet A. Batabyal reviews “Fully Grown: Why a Stagnant Economy is a Sign of Success” by Dietrich Vollrath.

Taylor Friedman reviews “The Power of Creative Destruction: Economic Upheaval and the Wealth of Nations” by Philippe Aghion, Céline Antonin, and Simon Bunel.

Amitrajeet A. Batabyal reviews “The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good?” by Michael J. Sandel.

Michael Cary reviews “Handbook of Cities and Networks” by Céline Rozenblat and Zachary P. Neal.
The effect of digitalism on supply chain flexibility of food industry in Jordan
Authors: Khalayleh Mohammad Alkarem , Bader Dojanah , Aityassine Fatima Lahcen Yachou , Mohammad Ayat , Al-Azzam Majed Kamel Ali , AL-Awamleh Hasan Khaled , Mohammad Anber Abraheem Shlash
Published: September 2022

This study comes to ascertain the impact of digitalism on supply chain flexibility. A sample consisting of 350 employees was selected from manufacturing companies in the food industry to collect research data. One inclusion criterion was assumed in this research, which is employee knowledge of supply chain processes. Research data was gathered using a questionnaire distributed to the members of the sample. The final number of the questionnaires was 297 with a response rate of 85%. Analyzing data via SmartPLS 3.0, the results indicated that Internet of things (IOT) had a significant effect on supply chain flexibility. Such results confirmed that one dimension of digitalism, which is the Internet of things, has a significant effect on supply chain flexibility.
Corporate social responsibilities and financial reporting quality: Evidence from Jordanian manufacturing firms
Authors: AL-Qudah Laith Akram , Aburisheh Khaled Eriej , ALshanti Ayman Mohammad , Massadeh Deema Daifalleh , Hyasat Eyad Abdel Halym , Al-Hawary Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash
Published: September 2022

The basic aim of the ongoing article is to examine the impact of social corporate responsibilities on the financial reporting quality of Jordanian manufacturing firms. For this purpose, data has been extracted from the top fifteen manufacturing companies by using corporate reports along with the Amman Stock Exchange from 2010 to 2020. The random effect model along with the generalized method of moment (GMM) has been executed for analysis purposes. The results revealed that social corporate responsibilities have positively impacted on the financial reporting quality of the Jordanian manufacturing firms. These findings have been guided to the regulators that they should provide the focus on the social corporate responsibilities that enhance the quality of financial reporting of the firm. The findings of the current study may be helpful for the manufacturing firm who wants to produce better quality of financial reporting along with the upcoming studies who want to investigate this area in their studies.
The role of artificial intelligence, marketing strategies, and organizational capabilities in organizational performance: The moderating role of organizational behavior
Authors: Nuseir Mohammed T. , Refae Ghaleb El
Published: September 2022

Currently, artificial intelligence and marketing strategies have become significant factors for improving the business capabilities that lead to improved business performance. Thus, the current study investigates the impacts of artificial intelligence and marketing strategies on the organizational performance of the tourism industry in the UAE. The present study also examines the mediating role of organizational capabilities in linking artificial intelligence, marketing strategies, and organizational performance of the tourism industry in the UAE. The analysis of the moderating impact of organizational behavior on the links between artificial intelligence, marketing strategies, and organizational performance are also part of the current study’s goals. This study used questionnaires to collect primary data from the respondents and analyzed it using Smart-PLS. The results indicated that artificial intelligence and marketing strategies have a positive association with the organizational performance of the tourism industry in the UAE. The outcomes also revealed that organizational capabilities positively mediate the links between artificial intelligence, marketing strategies, and organizational performance. The findings also demonstrated that organizational behavior significantly moderates the links between artificial intelligence, marketing strategies, and organizational performance of the tourism industry in the UAE. This study is relevant for regulators in supporting policy development related to artificial intelligence and marketing strategies for high organizational performance.
The role of logistics performance and decreasing of trade competitiveness in ASEAN+3’s manufacturing products
Authors: Renaldi Eddy , Remi Sutyastie Soemitro , Budiono Budiono , Hermawan Wawan
Published: September 2022

ASEAN Countries members plus Japan, South Korea, and China (ASEAN+3’S) logistics performance play a significant role in maintaining and improving their export and import values, depending on the various commodities trade. Meanwhile, during uncertain situations today, the stakeholders need to enhance the capability of import and export activities to improve logistics performance. The study focused on the competitiveness of the manufacturing products traded by these countries. The study used panel data analysis based on the panel data of 11 years (2008-2018) from the 10 ASEAN+3 countries. Export value and Net Comparative Advantage (NCA) index (including net export and trade openness) were used as dependent variables in the two model studies, and logistics performance was the primary variable. The result shows that logistics performance positively affects the export and trade competitiveness models of ASEAN+3’s manufacturing products. The Logistics Performance Index (LPI) provides estimates that suggest that logistics performance has a significant impact on ASEAN + 3 export value (ExpM) and manufacturing trade competitiveness (NCAM). Meanwhile, there are different results of the effects of macroeconomic variables between the model of export value (ExpM) and the NCAM in the manufacturing in ASEAN+3’s. The ExpM model follows the theory that Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) increase the competitive value in ASEAN+3 countries. Meanwhile, in the NCAM model, GDP and FDI reduce trade competitiveness because of the high value of ASEAN+3 manufacturing imports.
The effect of reverse factoring financial changes on supply chain
Authors: Al-Zaqeba Murad Ali Ahmad , Jarah Baker Akram Falah , Al-Bazaiah Sakher A. I. , Malahim Sari Sulaiman , Hamour Aiman Mahmoud Abu , Alshehadeh Abdul Razzak , Almatarneh Zeyad , Al-Khawaja Haneen A.
Published: September 2022

The consequences of reverse factoring in a supply chain are examined in this article. Reverse factoring occurs when a buying firm offers a reduced short-term borrowing rate to a supplier company in exchange for longer payment terms. From the standpoint of a supplier, this paper investigates the impact of rating changes, interest rate fluctuations, and business cycle position on the cost-benefit trade-off in the SMEs and manufacturing companies. However, the data was collected using a questionnaire. The main result is that changes in critical financial variables like ratings, news alerts and interest rates will shift former win–win circumstances for the supplier dependent on the business cycle into win–lose situations for the supplier. Overall, the reverse factoring results reveal sophisticated trade-offs, necessitating careful consideration in managerial decisions.
A structural equation model for analyzing the relationship between enterprise resource planning and digital supply chain management
Authors: Bataineh Abdallah Q. , Abu-AlSondos Ibrahim , Salhab Hanadi A. , Al-Abba Linda S.
Published: September 2022

Digitization and the internet are new phenomena which have greatly changed the way in which modern-day businesses are run. Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is one such system developed as a result of digitization in order to improve firm supply chain efficiency. This study investigated the relationship between digital and sustainable supply chain (in this case the ERP system) and firm competences of supply chain management. 33 respondents from e-commerce firms volunteered to take part in the data collection process of the study, with a majority of them being information technology (IT) managers. The hypothesized relationships were analyzed using structural equation modelling (SEM). Findings of the study depict that all the hypothesized relationships were significant (p<.001) at the 1 % level of significance, implying that there exists a positive effect of the ERP systems on firm performance.
The role of industry 4.0 in supply chain sustainability: Evidence from the rubber industry
Authors: Chienwattanasook Krisada , Tancho Nartraphee , Onputtha Suraporn , Boonrattanakittibhumi Chanathat , Sriyakul Thanaporn , Waiyawuththanapoom Phutthiwat
Published: September 2022

The objective of the current study is to examine the role of Industry 4.0 in supply chain sustainability (SCS). To examine the effect of Industry 4.0 on SCS, the big data technology is considered. As the supply chain process requires a significant data handling system among the companies, however, companies are lacking in this area. Therefore, the relationship between data storage, data transformation, data utilization, order management and SCS were examined. Data was collected from the rubber industry. For the purpose of data collection, questionnaires were used, and data were collected from the rubber companies of Indonesia. Results of this study shows that Industry 4.0 has a vital role in SCS. Implementation of Industry 4.0 among the rubber companies shows a positive effect on SCS. Particularly, the applications of big data technology have a vital role in order management and SCS. Big data technology has a significant positive effect on SCS. Big data technology has a positive role to promote order management which further influences positively on SCS.
The effect of risks from the supply chain on corporate financial performance: A case study in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Quang Bach , Nguyen Thi Huyen , Duong Duc Anh , Tran Dieu Linh
Published: September 2022

This study aims to examine the impact of risks from information in the supply chain on the financial performance of enterprises, with the case study in Vietnam, using quantitative research methods, through SEM linear structure model analysis. With 412 samples who are managers of different ranks at enterprises, the study results show that risks from information in the supply chain not only have a direct, reverse impact but also have an indirect impact on financial performance depending on the level of interdependence of businesses. In addition, opportunistic behavior and the degree of interdependence have also been shown to have a reverse impact on the level of cooperation of enterprises. The findings of this study show a contribution both theoretically and practically, demonstrating the inherent negative risks of information in the supply chain to the financial performance of the enterprise. Research has shown the intermediate role of the degree of interdependence in the relationship between the above two factors. Based on the research results, the authors propose several recommendations to improve the financial performance of enterprises.
The effectiveness of corporate governance on corporate social responsibilities performance and financial reporting quality in Saudi Arabia's manufacturing sector
Authors: Aryan Laith Abdallah , Owais Walid Omar , Dahiyat Ahmad , Rahamneh Adeeb Ahmed AL , Saraireh Shadi , Haija Ayman Ahmad Abu , Al-Hawary Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of corporate governance on corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance and financial reporting quality in Saudi Arabia's manufacturing sector. The data is collected through the database of Thomson Reuters from 30 manufacturing companies of Saudi Arabia over the period 2014-2020. Descriptive statistics and the generalized least square (GLS) model were applied. The dependent variable was calculated through residuals and was found as discretionary accruals (DA). The findings reveal that there was a positive influence of corporate governance on CSR performance and financial reporting quality. It was found that sample size was one of the biggest limitations because only data from 2014 to 2020 were collected and to make the study more reliable and authentic, larger data is required.
Producción de madera de ancho variable y fijo para la fabricación de componentes de puertas y ventanas, molduras y madera estructural
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Troncoso Leonardo , Arriagada Irma , Hernández Gonzalo
Published: September 2022

Existen diferentes productos que genera la industria del aserrío, cada uno con calidades definidas por sus clientes. Dentro de estos se encuentran las maderas clear, col grade, mill run, tacos, pallets, maderas centrales, maderas laterales de ancho fijo y ancho variabe, entre otras. Las maderas laterales de ancho variable y ancho fijo se clasifican según grados de calidad de acuerdo al área de sus caras con cortes calificados para la fabricación de puertas y ventanas en espesores superiores a 5/4 de pulgada (33,3 mm). La información en este documento señala los requisitos de calidad que deben cumplir los diferentes grados de maderas laterales, según la norma de la Western Wood Products Association (WWPA), además de ejemplos de calculo y tablas de ayuda para el clasificador.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Education and Training, Vol. 9, No. 2
Authors: Wang Dora
Published: September 2022

Journal of Education and Training (JET) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JET publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 2 Bryan Spiegelberg, Rider University, USACarolyn Stevenson, Kaplan University, USAClaudiu Marian Bunaiasu, University of Craiova, RomaniaJabrane Amaghouss, Cadi Ayyad University, MoroccoJohn Cowan, Edinburgh Napier University, ScotlandLazarus Ndiku Makewa, University of Eastern AfricaBaraton, KenyaMaria Jose Hernandez Serrano, University of Salamanca, SpainMonica B. Glina, University of Oslo, NorwayRania Elsayed Ibrahim, National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, EgyptShijuan Liu, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, USAZdravka Blagoeva Kostova, Sofia University "St Kliment Ohridski", Bulgaria  Dora WangEditorial AssistantJournal of Education and TrainingMacrothink Institute-----------------------------------------5348 Vegas Dr.#825Las VegasNevada 89108United StatesPhone: 1-702-953-1852 ext.534E-mail 1: jet@macrothink.orgE-mail 2: jet@macrothink.comWebsite: http://jet.macrothink.org
雙語體育教學輕鬆上路
Authors: 程峻 程峻
Published: September 2022

本書是作者為了提供中小學現職教師和師資培育生了解臺灣雙語教育之政策目標與教學現況，以及如何運用所提供之教學模板和英文體育專用術語資料庫，參考仿作設計雙語教案，期能較為順利地進行雙語體育教學所撰寫的參考工具書。

作者用最簡單、淺顯的文字，從2030國家雙語教育政策開始談起，讓讀者能掌握時事之趨勢與動態，建立起一致的雙語教學觀和做法；接著提出一般學科教師在雙語教學實施上所衍生和面臨的一些難題，例如，雙語教師之教學專業被學生質疑、教師對雙語教學之信心不足、主管機關、學校教師及家長三方面雙語教育觀的認知歧異等，並提供作者自身經驗的建議做法；隨後提供雙語體育教學策略之示例，以清楚掌握學科雙語教學的重要目標與內涵；同時提供簡單易進行仿作的教學模板示例、多樣的教案格式，以及四份作者撰寫的雙語體育教案QR code讓讀者參考、下載及轉化；更整理近期雙語教師甄選的相關訊息與教學演示之技巧，提供兼、代課教師及師資培育生們做好應試之準備；也延伸補充雙語體育教學的Q & A，針對可能遇到的問題給予解決辦法之建議，以減少雙語教學路上的障礙。最後，作者有感於自身投入雙語教學之初，找尋學科雙語資料之不易，因此，將自己辛苦蒐整而來的體育常用課室生活用語、教育專業術語和全面性的體育運動項目專用字詞無私分享，供讀者參考、選擇與運用，以減少蒐集英文語彙資料與備課的時間和精力。

本書乃作者基於分享雙語體育教學經驗而撰寫，其中之想法、建議做法和示例，雖非唯一的標準，然在讀者尚未能清楚建構自己的方向與目標之際，本書同時兼顧雙語體育教學之基本觀念與教學示例，將可引導讀者清楚了解雙語體育教學的內涵，不失為實務上絕佳參考、應用之著作。

作者簡介
程峻

現職：臺北市長安國中體育教師

學歷：國立體育大學運動科學碩士

經歷：國立體育大學師培中心兼任講師、十二年國教健體領域課綱研修委員、體育標準本位評量諮詢教師、康軒版國中體育教科書暨素養導向題庫編撰、臺北市現職雙語體育教師培訓第一期

專長：體育教材教法、體育課程教學與評量、排球

著作：創意體育教學彙編（一）、創意體育教學彙編（二）、素養導向教學評量理論與實務（與謝名娟合著）
التعليم العالي ومطلوبات التنمية في السودان "ما بين الماضي والمستقبل"
Authors: عوض الله عصام الدين برير آدم
Published: September 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تعرف تخطيط التعليم العالي في الماضي ومدى علاقته بالتنمية والوقوف على واقع التعليم العالي الحالي، وتعرف الملامح العامة للخطة الربع قرنية للتعليم العالي، وكذلك الوقوف على الإشكاليات والصعوبات التي تواجه التعليم العالي بالسودان، ومحاولة وضع رؤى لتطوير التعليم العالي بالسودان، اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي واستخدمت الاستبانة أداة لجمع البيانات، ثم التحقق من صدقها وثباتها، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من أعضاء المجلس القومي للتعليم العالي والبحث العلمي بالسودان. ولتحليل البيانات استخدم برنامج SPSS والذي أظهرت النتائج الأتية: أن التعليم العالي في الماضي كان يلبي حاجة البلاد من الأطر البشرية المدربة والمؤهلة، وأن مدخلاته من الطلبة كانت قليلة، وأن التوسع الكمي يزيد من مشكلة البطالة، وهنالك ضعف في الاستفادة من شركات الاتصالات الوطنية في التعليم، وكذلك ضعف في الجودة في برامج التعليم، وضعف أعضاء هيئة التدريس، وقلة التمويل وضعفه، وأن هنالك مشكلة في ربط خطط التعليم العالي بخطط التنمية، وأن هنالك رؤى مستقبلية لتطوير التعليم العالي تتمثل في: تطوير المنهاج الجامعي في ضوء تطورات العصر، والعمل على تطوير الأقسام العلمية بالجامعات، وتحديث أنظمة التعليم العالي لتلائم القرن الحادي والعشرين، وفي ضوء النتائج توصي الدراسة بـ: توجيه التعليم العالي لتحقيق خطط التنمية بالبلاد، العمل على وضع برامج لتدريب أعضاء هيئة التدريس داخلياً وخارجياً، زيادة الموارد المالية العامة والذاتية لمؤسسات التعليم العالي.
سمات التوجيه النحوي عند الزمخشري في تفسيره المعروف بالكشّاف
Authors: أحمد محمّد سعد محمّد
Published: September 2022

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Knowledge and Practices Regarding Oral Hygiene Among School Children: A Survey Based Study
Authors: Parveen Saba , Aslam Shuja , Memon Jazib , Zaidi Syed Aijaz Ali , Siddiqui Tanveer Ahmed , Qureshi Navid Rashid
Published: September 2022

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practices among school children regarding their oral hygiene status. Subject and Methods: This Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at government high schools of Jamshoro district. Total sample size calculated was 108. All the school children were interviewed by using a questioner in easy languages containing multiple questions regarding knowledge and practice of oral health. Results: Mean age of patients was 13.46+2.47 years, minimum 07 years and maximum 15 years. All the children recruited in the study were girls. Teeth and gums status were statistically non-significant according to age. 9.3% said that they had faced toothache many times in past 12 months, and 34 children felt it rarely. Conclusion: Mostly children were observed with good teeth and gums health and knowledge was also found to be satisfactory, while oral hygienic practice was found be unsatisfactory and consumption of biscuits, lemonade and coca cola, sugar, tea and chew gum was found to be very high, which will be harmful in future. Keywords: Oral Hygiene, Knowledge, School Children, Practices
Estimation of Serum Iron in the Patients of Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Authors: Tahir Sasui Soonh , Shahzad Muhammad , Tariq Uzma , Husain Shirjeel , Maheshwari Bhavesh , Qureshi Navid Rashid
Published: September 2022

Objective: To compare the serum levels of iron in Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) and normal healthy subjects. Subject and Methods: A total of 120 patients with symptoms and signs suggestive of OSMF equally divided into two groups named group A and B. Patients satisfying the insertion norms and those who has oral sub mucous fibrosis and the control group who are willing to get participate and getting done their blood tests for other purpose were asked for additional iron serum test for our research purpose. The demographic and medical factors like gender, pain, age, and medical record was known and logged in proforma. Diagnosis was done on clinical basis and was categorized according to progress then blood sample was obtained. The data was examined using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Control group's descriptive (standard/healthy) statistics indicate the mean iron levels of iron 94.13 ug/dl, while standard deviations are 17.57ug/dl. On the 1st day, 2nd day and 3rd day serum levels are examined, which reveal the mean values of 28.02, 22.81 and 24.0 ug/dl, respectively. The findings indicate a greater average of iron (17.57) in the healthy group (group B), while considerably less mean of iron level (6.47) in patients who have OSMF (group A). Conclusion: The study concluded that OSMF have lower levels of the iron in the serum while higher levels in the healthy group. Keywords: Serum Iron Level, Oral Submucous Fibrosis, Estimation
Assessment of Postoperative Neurosensory Deficit Following Craniomaxillofacial Reconstruction Utilizing Bicoronal Flap
Authors: Khan Muhammad Irfan , Haq Mian Iftikhar Ul , Ayub Tahera , Muzamil Muhammad , Shoaib Muhammad , Rehman Amna
Published: September 2022

Objective: To assess post operative neurosensory deficit following craniomaxillofacial reconstruction using bicoronal flap. Subject and Methods: In altogether, 44 individuals between the ages of 18 and 60 were included in the research. All patients reported with primary complain of craniomaxillofacial trauma. Bicoronal flap was utilized in all patients. All patients were clinically examined for neurosensory deficits (supraorbital , supratrochlear region , zygomaticotempral and auriculotempral nerve). At least three intervals of one month, three months, and six months have been used to follow up on every case. Results: In 1st month evaluation, 14 patients were seen with neurosensory deficit with supraorbital nerve and 2 patients with supratrochlear nerve, while none of the patients were seen with disturbances in auriculotemporal and zygomaticotemporal nerve. At 6 month interval only 3 patients were remained with paresthesia of supraorbital nerve Conclusion: Using a bicoronal flap during craniomaxillofacial surgery is recommended, it provides excellent access and has reduced complications Keywords: Bicoronal Flap, Craniomaxillofacial Reconstruction, Neurosensory Deficit
Assessment of Demographic Profile of Complete Denture Wearers and their Denture Hygiene Habits
Authors: Parveen Saba , Sultan Jawaid , Shaikh Osama , Shoaib Muhammad , Shaikh Abdul Ghani , Salman Preesa
Published: September 2022

Objective: To evaluate the denture hygiene practices among elderly complete denture wearers. Subject and Methods: A total of 210 denture wearers in age range of 40 to 80 years were recruited in the study. All the study subjects were interviewed regarding their complete denture in terms of wearing duration, cleaning frequency, cleaning methods, continuous wearing and instruction regarding its hygiene. Results: Mean age of patients was 54.03+11.06 years, minimum 38 years and maximum 80 years. Males were found in majority 56.7% and females were 43.3%. Most of the cases i.e 38.1% wearing the denture form 1-3 years, followed by 29.0% wearing denture from less than 6 months. Around 53.3% were cleaning their denture once a day. Denture cleaning frequency and cleaning methods were statistically insignificant according to age and gender Conclusion: Brushing with dentifrice and without dentifrice was the method of choice for cleaning. Awareness programs should be carried out regarding proper cleaning methods and its cleaning frequency and others. Keywords: Denture Hygiene, Complete Denture Wearers, Habits.
Patient’s Awareness and Knowledge of Root Canal Treatment (RCT): A Survey-Based Original Research at RIPHAH International
Authors: Haq Abdul , Bokhari Saadia Ejaz , Rana Muhammad Arslan , Fatima Muteen , Rehman Abdul , Hussain Arfa Sabir
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The goal of this research was to find out whether people's perspectives about root canal therapy have shifted over time in a representative sample of the Islamabad community and, if so, in what ways. Materials and Method: At the Islamic International Dental Hospital, 103 patients underwent a cross-sectional study. The study's goal was to find out how much participants knew about root canal therapy (RCT). Root canal therapy patients completed a self-report questionnaire, which included 18 items with multiple choice answers. Results: 103 patients were studied. Among those 77 out of 103 were females and 26 were males. Out of 103 individuals 20 people had no previous knowledge of treatment, 5 individuals were not interested and the remaining 78 had a varying degree of knowledge. Regarding the fears leading to apprehensive attitude among patients to seek treatment the most common fear was the fear of pain prevailing in 57 out of 103 individuals. Chi-square test was run to analyze association among age groups, gender identity and qualification of the respondents with all the questions from the questionnaire from the twin cities. There was a significant relationship between the knowledge and awareness among patients i.e 0.___ Conclusion: Ache in the tooth is the main cause of patients coming to dental hospitals. The awareness about dental therapy has been elevated among the people but the dentists should still inform and educate the patient about importance of dental health and dental treatments. Keywords: Awareness, Dentistry, Endodontic, Knowledge.
Care of Labour by Trained Midwife and Effect on Maternal Outcome in a Hospital Based Labour Ward
Authors: Nasreen Tahira , Farooq Bushra , Aslam Rakhshanda , Kiran Saima , Irshad Iffat , Komal Nimrah
Published: September 2022

Midwifery service quality affects delivery outcomes the most. The aim of the study was to analyze the maternal outcome of pregnancies managed by the midwives and various factors which can affect the incidence of adverse maternal outcomes. Methodology: This retrospective study at DHQ Hospital MishtiMela Orakzai studied the district's rural midwife-led maternity healthcare system from July 2019 till June 2020. All midwives' cases were recorded and analyzed to establish the frequency of various maternal outcomes. All rural pregnant patients between 15 and 45 who presented to the government facility midwife at any stage of labor were recorded and maternal outcome and related factors were gathered. The aim of the study was to analyze the maternal outcome of pregnancies managed by the midwives and various factors which can affect the incidence of adverse maternal outcomes. Results: In our study, mean age of the patients was 27 SD 5.9 years (from 15 to 45) with gestational age of the patients from 14 to 42 weeks (mean 37.3 SD 2.5 weeks). Among the total 635 cases, 54% of the cases were of the age group 20 to 29 years. Around 19% of the cases in the labor room landed were preterm (<37 weeks of gestation), and 78% of the patients were multigravida. Incidence of LSCS in mid-wife managed pregnancies was 4.1% (26 of 635 cases), and successful vaginal deliveries were carried out in 92.9% cases (590 of 635). Conclusion: Researchers are hopeful that the findings will serve as a solid basis for further research and help them better understand how midwives and expectant mothers communicate and how to strengthen the relationship. These findings can be implemented as the basis for future courses in midwifery education. Efforts should be made to evaluate these educational programmes and their outcomes in the delivery room. Keywords: Mid-wife, LSCS, SVD, Vaginal delivery, Maternal Outcome