bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efektivitas Penggunaan Metode Reciprocal dan Demonstrasi Terhadap Teknik Dasar Shooting Sepakbola
Authors: Hadiana Oman , Hakim Ridwan Luqmanul
Published: May 2021

Kemampuan teknik dasar shooting sepakbola yang ditunjukkan siswa kurang maksimal, seperti bola tembakan jauh dari sasaran, hasil tembakan mudah ditangkap penjaga gawang, dan bola tidak sampai ke gawang. Oleh karena itu diperlukan adanya solusi dengan mengaplikasikan metode pengajaran yang tepat. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan metode reciprocal dan demonstrasi terhadap teknik dasar shooting dalam permainan sepakbola. Metode penelitian menggunakan eksperimen desain  the randomized pretest-posttest control group design. Subjek penelitian merupakan siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Karamatmulya Kabupaten Kuningan dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 182 orang, sedangkan sampel 60 orang yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelas VIII A sebanyak 30 siswa diberi perlakuan metode resiprokal dan kelas VIII B sebanyak 30 siswa diberi perlakuan metode demonstrasi. Teknik pengambilan sampling yaitu cluster random sampling. Instrumen untuk mengukur keterampilan menembak bola dalam permainan sepakbola menggunakan tes shooting yang dikembangkan oleh Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan yang sudah valid. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji independent sample t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan metode reciprocal dan demonstrasi berpengaruh terhadap efektivitas teknik dasar shooting sepakbola, namun metode demonstrasi memberikan dampak yang lebih signifikan. Penelitian lebih lanjut diharapkan dapat mengkaji dengan menerapkan model pembelajaran kontemporer khusus untuk pendidikan jasmani dan olahraga dalam keterampilan bermain sepakbola
Hubungan Kekuatan Otot Lengan, Kelentukan dan Keseimbangan Dengan Kemampuan Gerakan Senam Meroda
Authors: Pertiwi Era Sakti , Budi Didik Rilastiyo , Hodayat Rohman , Widanita Neva , Kusuma Indra Jati
Published: May 2021

Kemampuan meroda dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan otot lengan, kelentukan dan keseimbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kekuatan otot lengan, kelentukan dan keseimbangan dengan kemampuan meroda pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Jasmani Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian korelasional untuk mengetahui hubungan antara variabel bebas dan variabel terikat. Sampel sebanyak 30 orang diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian kekuatan otot lengan menggunakan push up, fleksibilitas menggunakan side split, dan keseimbangan menggunakan tes bass yang dimodifikasi. Uji statistik menggunakan normalitas, linieritas, product moment pearson, dan korelasi ganda. Hasil: (1) Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kekuatan otot lengan dengan kemampuan meroda dengan nilai r= 0,638 dan sumbangan efektif sebesar 20,7%. (2) Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara fleksibilitas dengan kemampuan meroda dengan nilai r= -0,709 dan sumbangan efektif 27,8%. (3) Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara keseimbangan dengan kemampuan meroda dengan nilai r= 0,535 dengan sumbangan efektif sebesar 14,7%. (4) Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kekuatan otot lengan, kelentukan dan keseimbangan dengan kemampuan meroda dengan nilai R square= 0,632. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kekuatan otot lengan, kelentukan dan keseimbangan dengan kemampuan meroda pada mahasiswa Pendidikan Jasmani Universitas Jenderal Soedirman. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengungkap hubungan antara kondisi psikologis atau keterampilan motorik dengan keberhasilan dalam melakukan gerakan senam meroda
Rationale for Polyclonal Intravenous Immunoglobulin Adjunctive Therapy in Covid19 Patients: Report of a Structured Multidisciplinary Consensus
Authors: Coloretti Irene , Berlot Giorgio , Busani Stefano , De Rosa Giuseppe , Donati Abele , Forfori Francesco , Grasselli Giacomo , Mirabella Lucia , Tascini Carlo , Viale Pierluigi , Girardis Massimo
Published: May 2021

Adjunctive therapy with polyclonal intravenous immunoglobins (IVIg) is currently used for preventing or managing infections and sepsis, especially in immunocompromised patients. The pathobiology of COVID19 and the mechanisms of action of Ig led to consider this adjunctive therapy also in patients with respiratory failure by SARS-CoV2 infection. This manuscript report the rationale, the available data and the results of a structured consensus on intravenous Ig therapy in patients with severe COVID19. METHODS A panel of multidisciplinary experts defined the clinical phenotypes of COVID19 patients with severe respiratory failure and, after literature review, voted for the agreement on the rationale and the potential role of IVIg therapy for each phenotype. Due to the scarce evidence available, a modified RAND/UCLA appropriateness method was used. RESULTS Three different phenotypes of COVID19 patients with severe respiratory failure were identified: patients with an abrupt and dysregulated hyperinflammatory response (early phase), patients with suspected immune-paralysis (late phase), and patients with sepsis by hospital-acquired superinfection (sepsis by bacterial superinfection). The rationale for intravenous Ig therapy in the early phase was considered uncertain whereas the panellists considered appropriate its use in the late phase and patients with sepsis/septic shock by bacterial superinfection. CONCLUSION As with other immunotherapies, IVIg adjunctive therapy may a potential role in the managing of COVID19 patients. The ongoing trials will clarify the appropriate target population and the true effectiveness.
How do We Manage a Just Transition? A Comparative Review of National and Regional Just Transitions Initiatives
Authors: Krawchenko Tamara Antonia , Gordon Megan
Published: May 2021

The concept of a ‘just transition’ encompasses political and policy imperatives to minimise the harmful impacts of industrial and economic transitions on workers, communities and society more generally, and to maximise their potential benefits. This imperative has gained heightened importance as governments commit to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A wide range of policies strategies and initiatives have been adopted by national and regional governments to facilitate and help manage a just transition. It is a concept that is increasingly being put into practice. This scoping study identifies and compares strategies, policies and practices that are presently being implemented in order to manage a just transition across 25 countries and 74 regions alongside European Union-level policies. This work develops a typology of policy instruments to manage just transitions and identifies implementation gaps and leading practices.
Tanzimat Dönemi Öncesinde Ankara Şehir Yönetimine Dair Bir İnceleme (1815-1820)
Authors: FİŞNE Sevda , YILDIRIM Canan
Published: May 2021

Osmanlı idari yönetim sisteminde ülke toprakları eyalet, sancak, kaza şeklinde örgütlenmiştir. Bu birimlerin yöneticileri de beylerbeyi, sancakbeyi ve kadı şeklinde tayin edilmiştir. Devletin bir gerileme dönemine girmesi, merkeziyetçi yönetim yapısının zayıflaması, tımar sisteminin bozulması gibi nedenler devletin klasik yapı dinamiklerinin değişmesine sebep olmuştur. Bununla birlikte taşra yönetiminde ve yönetici sınıf örgütlenmesinde de dengeler değişmeye başlamıştır. II. Mahmud Dönemi’nde, idari sistemde yenileşmeye gidilmiştir.Bu çalışmada, 1815-1820 (H. 1230-1234) tarihlerini kapsayan 216, 217, 218 ve 219 numaralı Ankara Şer‘iyye Sicili Defterleri incelenerek Tanzimat öncesi Ankara şehir yönetimi ele alınmıştır. Öncelikle Osmanlı şehircilik anlayışında Ankara’nın yerine değinilmiştir. Sonrasında Tanzimat’tan önce taşra yönetiminin genel hatları üzerinde durulmuştur. Yönetim mekanizmasının mekânsal değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Bu dönem yaşanan gelişmelerin taşra yönetim ve yöneticileri üzerindeki etkisi gözler önüne serilmiştir.
Results of the First U.S. FDA-Approved Hip Resurfacing Device at 10-Year Follow-up
Authors: Su Edwin P. , Ho Henry , Bhal Vinay , Housman Lawrence R. , Masonis John L. , Noble John W. , Hopper Robert H. , Engh C. Anderson
Published: May 2021

Background:

The BIRMINGHAM HIP Resurfacing (BHR) system is a metal-on-metal hip implant system approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2006. The approval required a multicenter, prospective, post-market-approval study. Our purpose is to report the current results at 10 years of follow-up.

Methods:

Between October 2006 and December 2009, 280 primary BHR procedures were performed at 5 sites. Outcome measures included Kaplan-Meier survivorship, reasons for revision, radiographic component stability and osteolysis, Harris hip scores, and metal levels including cobalt and chromium. The mean age at the time of the procedure was 51.3 ± 7.1 years, 74% (206) of 280 BHRs were implanted in male patients, the mean body mass index was 27.8 ± 4.4 kg/m2, and 95% (265) of 280 hips had a primary diagnosis of osteoarthritis. The mean follow-up among all 280 hips was 9.0 ± 2.5 years. Prior to 10-year follow-up, 20 hips were revised and 5 patients representing 5 hips had died. Among the remaining 255 hips, 218 (85%) met the minimum follow-up of 10 years.

Results:

The 10-year survival free from all-cause component revision was 92.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 89.8% to 96.1%) for all hips and 96.0% (95% CI, 93.1% to 98.9%) among male patients <65 years old at the time of the procedure. Reasons for revision included femoral loosening (n = 5), femoral neck fracture (n = 3), pseudotumor (n = 3), osteolysis (n = 2), and acetabular loosening (n = 1), as well as 6 revisions for a combination of pain, noise, or metal levels. Among unrevised hips, the median Harris hip score improved from preoperatively (59) to 1 year postoperatively (99; p < 0.001) and remained stable through 10 years postoperatively (99; p = 0.08). Radiographically, 5% (10) of 218 unrevised hips had osteolysis with no component migration. Median metal levels had increased at 1 year postoperatively (cobalt: from 0.12 ppb preoperatively to 1.5 ppb at 1 year postoperatively, p < 0.001; chromium: from 0.6 ppb preoperatively to 1.7 ppb at 1 year postoperatively, p < 0.001), then remained stable through 5 years before slightly decreasing at 10 years postoperatively (cobalt: 1.3 ppb, p < 0.001; chromium: 1.4 ppb, p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

This prospective, multicenter, post-market-approval study demonstrated that the BHR implant system is safe and effective through 10 years of follow-up, particularly among young male patients.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Simultaneous Total Knee Arthroplasty and Proximal Tibiofibular Joint Arthrodesis
Authors: Aebischer Andrea S. , Wing Nicholas , Wall Christopher J
Published: May 2021

Case:

A 57-year-old man presented with tricompartmental left knee osteoarthritis, as well as proximal tibiofibular joint arthritis and a ganglion cyst. He underwent simultaneous total knee arthroplasty and proximal tibiofibular joint arthrodesis, with an excellent outcome.

Conclusion:

Proximal tibiofibular joint arthritis is uncommon and may be associated with tibiofemoral arthritis, proximal tibiofibular joint instability, and ankylosing spondylitis. We present a case of simultaneous total knee arthroplasty and proximal tibiofibular arthrodesis. This is an effective option for treating patients with dual pathology. The proximal tibiofibular joint should be considered as an uncommon cause of lateral knee pain.
Incidental Bilateral Scaphotrapezial Coalition in a High-Level Throwing Athlete
Authors: Wininger Austin E. , Jafarnia Kourosh K.
Published: May 2021

Case:

Scaphotrapezial coalition is a rare carpal coalition and historically associated with congenital syndromes because it spans 2 carpal rows. We present the case of an 18-year-old collegiate baseball pitcher who was incidentally found to have bilateral scaphotrapezial coalition. He had no history of wrist pain and no functional limitations on physical examination. He had no family history of this condition and no personal history of congenital abnormalities.

Conclusions:

Bilateral scaphotrapezial coalition can be an incidental and asymptomatic finding that is present even in high-level throwing athletes.
Cambios en sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares mexicanos de primarias públicas entre 2015 y 2018
Authors: Del Monte Vega Marti Yareli , Shamah Levy Teresa , Méndez Gómez-Humarán Ignacio , Ávila Arcos Marco Antonio , Galindo Gómez Carlos , Ávila Curiel Abelardo
Published: May 2021

Objetivo. Cuantificar los cambios de sobrepeso y obesidad (SO+O) y determinar su asociación con características sociodemográficas en escolares mexicanos de primarias públicas durante 2015 y 2018. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal comparativo. Se analizaron 6.5 millones de alumnos de 59 724 escuelas. La información deriva del Registro Nacional de Peso y Talla (RNPT) en cuatro periodos escolares, de 2015 a 2019, para niños de 6 a 12 años. Se estimaron razones de momios (RM) y prevalencias ajustadas mediante regresión logística ordinal generalizada. Resultados. Las RM fueron positivas para SO+O y para obesidad en el sexo masculino, ámbito urbano y baja marginación (p<0.001). La mayor prevalencia ajustada tanto para sobrepeso como para obesidad se reportó en 2016 (p<0.001). La región Sur manifestó ascensos constantes y significativos para obesidad durante cuatro periodos. Conclusión. El RNPT permite detectar diversas características de riesgo actual para el desarrollo de SO+O en escuelas primarias del país.
Actos cotidianos de resistencia en el embarazo para prevenir la morbimortalidad materna
Authors: Chávez-Courtois Mayra Lilia , Negrete-Martínez Viviana
Published: May 2021

Objetivo. Analizar acciones de mujeres indígenas respecto a su cuidado durante el embarazo a través de prácticas cotidianas, nombradas como actos cotidianos de resistencia. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo etnometodológico en Cuetzalan, Sierra Norte de Puebla, México; se aplicaron 93 cuestionarios a mujeres indígenas embarazadas; a 67 de ellas se les aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se realizó análisis crítico del discurso. Resultados. Se identificaron tres actos cotidianos de resistencia para el cuidado del embarazo: 1) Convivencia comunitaria; 2) Movilidad para la atención prenatal, y 3) Saberes del cuidado del embarazo. En conjunto, los actos describen acciones preventivas de morbilidad partiendo de la percepción cultural de riesgo en mujeres embarazadas de un contexto sociocultural y económicamente vulnerable. Conclusiones. El conjunto de prácticas cotidianas para el cuidado del embarazo por las mujeres debe ser reconocido como acciones inmediatas de prevención en pro de la salud materna.
Covid-19 durante el embarazo: revisión rápida y metaanálisis
Authors: Cupul-Uicab Lea Aurora , Hernández-Mariano José Ángel , Vázquez-Salas Argelia , Leyva-Lopez Ahidée , Barrientos-Gutierrez Tonatiuh , Villalobos Hernández Aremis
Published: May 2021

Objetivo. Resumir la evidencia científica sobre efectos maternos y neonatales del Covid-19 durante el embarazo. Material y métodos. Se realizó una revisión rápida Cochrane y un metaanálisis de proporciones y razones de momios (RM). Resultados. Los eventos maternos más comunes fueron la ventilación mecánica invasiva y admisión a la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI); las complicaciones del embarazo fueron el sufrimiento fetal y la ruptura prematura de membranas; las comorbilidades fueron la obesidad y el asma. Las cesáreas indicadas por Covid-19 fueron frecuentes (51%). Los eventos neonatales comunes fueron bajo peso y prematuridad; se identificaron neonatos SARS-CoV-2 posi­tivos (14%). Las embarazadas con Covid-19 experimentaron más cesáreas (RM combinada=6.7) y partos pretérmino (RM combinada=2.9); los neonatos experimentaron más admisio­nes a la UCI neonatal (RM combinada=5.9). Conclusión. La evidencia sobre los efectos adversos del Covid-19 durante el embarazo es limitada. No se pueden descartar riesgos a la salud del binomio, particularmente debido a las cesáreas y prematuridad.
On the increasing incidence of SARS-CoV- 2 in older adolescents and younger adults during the epidemic in Mexico
Authors: Stern Dalia , Lajous Martin , De la Rosa Blanca , Goldstein Edward
Published: May 2021

Objective. To estimate temporary changes in the inciden­ce of SARS-CoV-2-confirmed hospitalizations (by date of symptom onset) by age group during and after the national lockdown. Materials and methods. For each age group g, we computed the proportion E(g) of individuals in that age group among all cases aged 10-59y during the early lock­down period (April 20-May 3, 2020), and the corresponding proportion L(g) during the late lockdown (May 18-31, 2020) and post-lockdown (June 15-28, 2020) periods and computed the prevalence ratio: PR(g)=L(g)/E(g). Results. For the late lockdown and post-lockdown periods, the highest PR values were found in age groups 15-19y (late: PR=1.69, 95%CI 1.05,2.72; post-lockdown: PR=2.05, 1.30,3.24) and 20-24y (late: PR=1.43, 1.10,1.86; post-lockdown: PR=1.49, 1.15,1.93). These estimates were higher in individuals 15-24y compared to those ≥30y. Conclusions. Adolescents and younger adults had an increased relative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 during late lockdown and post-lockdown periods. The role of these age groups should be considered when implementing future pandemic response efforts.
Un llamado a mejorar la calidad de los servicios de tamizaje con mastografía: hablando del programa Reconocimiento INCan
Authors: Villaseñor-Navarro Yolanda
Published: May 2021

No disponible
Vitamin D status in Mexican children 1 to 11 years of age: an update from the Ensanut 2018-19
Authors: Flores Mario E , Rivera-Pasquel Marta , Valdez-Sánchez Andrys , De la Cruz-Góngora Vanessa , Contreras-Manzano Alejandra , Shamah-Levy Teresa , Villalpando Salvador
Published: May 2021

Objective. To evaluate vitamin D status and deficiency in Mexican children and related factors, with updated data from a representative national survey. Materials and methods. Data and serum samples of child participants were collected in the Ensanut 2018-19. The measurement 25-(OH)-D was obtained through chemiluminescence. Height and weight, as well as dietary information, were measured using a semi-quan­titative food frequency questionnaire and sociodemographic information. Results. Data of 4 691 children aged 1-11 years were analyzed. Vitamin D deficiency (25-OH-D<50 nmol/L) was found in 27.3% of pre-school-age children and 17.2% of school-age children, and was positively associated with the body mass index (BMI). Main dietary sources were milk, eggs and dairy products, which in combination provided >70% of vitamin D intake. Conclusions. Vitamin D deficiency is important in Mexican children. Actions and programs to fight this deficiency are required.
Optimal Drawdown for Woodford and Mayes in the Anadarko Basin Using Data Analytics
Authors: Alzahabi Ahmed , Alexandre Trindade A. Alexandre , Kamel Ahmed A. , Harouaka Abdallah , Baustian Wade , Campbell Catherine
Published: May 2021

One of the enduring pieces of the jigsaw puzzle for all unconventional plays is drawdown (DD), a technique for attaining optimal return on investment. Assessment of the DD from producing wells in unconventional resources poses unique challenges to operators; among them the fact that many operators are reluctant to reveal the production, pressure, and completion data required. In addition to multiple factors, various completion and spacing parameters add to the complexity of the problem. This work aims to determine the optimum DD strategy. Several DD trials were implemented within the Anadarko Basin in combination with various completion strategies. Privately obtained production and completion data were analyzed and combined with well log analysis in conjunction with data analytics tools. A case study is presented that explores a new strategy for DD producing wells within the Anadarko Basin to optimize a return on investment. We use scatter-plot smoothing to develop a predictive relationship between DD and two dependent variables—estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) and initial production (IP) for 180 days of oil—and introduce a model that evaluates horizontal well production variables based on DD. Key data were estimated using reservoir and production variables. The data analytics suggested the optimal DD value of 53 psi/D for different reservoirs within the Anadarko Basin. This result may give professionals additional insight into more fully understanding the Anadarko Basin. Through these optimal ranges, we hope to gain a more complete understanding of the best way to DD wells when they are drilled simultaneously. Our discoveries and workflow within the Woodford and Mayes Formations may be applied to various plays and formations across the unconventional play spectrum. Optimal DD techniques in unconventional reservoirs could add billions of dollars in revenue to a company’s portfolio and dramatically increase the rate of return, as well as offer a new understanding of the respective producing reservoirs.
Genetic Algorithm based Predictive model for COVID 19 – Theoretical Model based on an evolutionary approach
Authors: Rangarajan Srikanth , Poranki Srikanth , Sammakia Bahgat
Published: May 2021

In this manuscript we propose a novel theoretical method that models the evolution, spread and transmission of COVID 19 pandemic. The proposed model is inspired partly from the evolutionary based state of the art genetic algorithm. The rate of virus evolution, spread and transmission of the COVID 19 and its associated recovery and death rate are modeled using the principle inspired from evolutionary algorithm. Furthermore, the interaction within a community and interaction outside the community is modeled. The constraint with respect to interaction has been implemented by a machine learning type algorithm and becomes the unique part of our study . Using this model, the maximum healthcare threshold is fixed as a constraint. Our evolutionary based model distinguishes between individuals in the population depending on the severity of their symptoms/infection based on the fitness value of the individuals. There is a need to differentiate between virus infected diagnosed (Self isolated) and virus infected non-diagnosed (Highly interacting) sub populations/group. In this study the model results does not compare the number outcomes with any actual real time data based curves. However, the results from the model demonstrates that a strict lockdown, social-distancing measures in conjunction with more number of testing and contact tracing is required to flatten the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic curve. A reproductive number of 2.4 during the initial spread of virus is predicted from the model for the randomly considered population. The proposed model has the potential to be further fine-tuned and matched accurately against real time data.
Prognostic Value of Onodera’s Nutritional Index for Intermediate and High Risk Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors Treated With or Without Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: wang feng , Tao Tingting , Yu Heng , Xu Yingying , Yang Zhi , Xia Xuefeng , Wang Meng , Zong Liang , Guan Wenxian
Published: May 2021

Background: Immunoinflammatory and nutritional markers such as peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and onodera’s prognostic nutritional index (OPNI) have gained considerable attention and revealed preliminaryly as prognostic markers in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).Methods: In this study, we firstly investigated the prognostic value of OPNI in GIST treated with or without TKIs based on the propensity score matching (PSM) method. All of the patients had received surgical resection for primary GIST, the data from 2010 to 2018 were initially and retrospectively identified from our gastrointestinal center. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test.Results: These patients who were treated with TKIs and those who did not were divided into two groups, and we used propensity score matching method to make them have more unified baseline data. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were applied to identify associations with outcome variables. A total of 563 GISTs were initially chosen and 280 of them were included for analysis under an inclusion criteria. After PSM, there were 200 patients included. Multivariate analyses identified OPNI was an independent prognostic marker, and was associated with primary site, tumor size, mitotic index, tumor rupture, necrosis, and modified NIH risk classification. Low OPNI (<42.6; HR 0.409; P＜0.001) were associated with worse RFS.Conclusions: Preoperative OPNI is a novel and useful prognostic marker for GISTs both treated with or without TKIs. Higher NLR and PLR have negative effects for RFS.
Point-of-Care Ultrasound-Guided Conservative Fluid Therapy Improved the Outcome of Critically Ill Patients: A Before-and-After Study
Authors: He Hui , Zeng Mingqiang , Chen Jing , Deng Lei , Chen Youdai
Published: May 2021

ObjectivesTo study the impact of fluid balance on the outcome of critically ill patients.MethodsCritically ill patients managed with point-of-care ultrasound were compared with those managed without. Distended internal jugular veins and inferior vena cava with reduced collapsibility were taken as signs of hypervolemia.ResultsCompared with critically ill patients admitted before application of point-of-care ultrasound assessment (from March, 2019 through October, 2019; 291 cases), cases admitted after (from November, 2019 through June, 2020; 285 cases) had significantly lower in-ICU mortality (34.7% vs 26.7%, p=0.038; Fisher’s exact test), together with a dramatic change from overall positive fluid balance to negative one (for cumulative fluid balance during ICU stay, 2820±1381ml vs -10±39ml; p=0.001). Multiple logistic regression showed that cumulative fluid balance during ICU stay, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on admission were independent risk factors for in-ICU mortality (p<0.001, p<0.001 and p=0.043 respectively). After controlling for disease severity, Cox hazard ratio of cases with a negative cumulative fluid balance during ICU stay was 0.683 (95% confidence interval 0.475-0.981; p=0039).ConclusionsNegative cumulative fluid balance during ICU stay was associated with a reduced in-ICU mortality.
Comparison of photoscreeners and hand-held autorefractometer with cycloplegic autorefraction as a vision screening tool for children with newly diagnosed attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Yalinbas Duygu , Kara Caner , Sari Seda Aybuke , Dursun Demet , Bozali Erman
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To compare non-cycloplegic refraction measurements of two photoscreeners and the hand-held autorefractometer with cycloplegic measurements of the autorefractometer in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Methods: This cross-sectional, comparative study consisted of 53 children who were newly diagnosed with ADHD. We compared spherical, cylindrical, cylindrical axis and spherical equivalent (SE) measurements in Plusoptix A12, Spot Vision Screener, and Retinomax K-plus Screen with Tonoref II. Reliability was analyzed by using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot was used to evaluate the agreement between devices.Results: The mean age of children was 9.45 ± 1.68. All of the devices measured spherical power and SE significantly more myopic than the Tonoref II. While The Spot Vision Screener, PlusoptiX A12, and Tonoref II provided similar cylindrical power, Retinomax K-plus Screen measured significantly lower than the Tonoref II. The excellent reliability was detected in spherical power, cylindrical power, SE and J0 between Tonoref II and PlusoptiX A12 (ICC:0.930, 0.921, 0.927 and 0.920, respectively. All of the hand-held devices showed excellent reliability in terms of cylindrical power and J0 (ICC>0.90, for all) and good reliability for J45 (ICC:0.75-0.90 for all).Conclusion: Despite all devices having advantages or disadvantages, Plusoptix A12 showed excellent reliability for detecting refractive errors in children with ADHD.
Non-Invasive Rhythmic Musical-Electric Trigeminal Nerve Stimulation Improves Consciousness in Patients with Disorders of Consciousness
Authors: Wu Min , Luo Benyan , Yu Yamei , Li Xiaoxia , Gao Jian , Li Jingqi , Sorger Bettina , Riecke Lars
Published: May 2021

Disorders of consciousness (DOC) are often accompanied by aberrant oscillatory neural activity in the thalamus and cerebral cortex. Patient-friendly non-invasive treatments targeting this functional anomaly are still missing. We propose and validate a novel approach that aims to restore DOC patients’ thalamocortical oscillations by combining rhythmic trigeminal-nerve stimulation (TNS) with comodulated musical stimulation. In a cluster-randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, pretest-posttest clinical study, we show that application of this multisensory approach for 40 min on five consecutive days reliably leads to long-lasting improvements in DOC patients’ consciousness (assessed with Coma Recovery Scale-Revised) and oscillatory brain activity at the musical-electric TNS frequency (assessed with electroencephalography and a novel rhythmic auditory-speech paradigm). We found diagnostic improvement in 47% of patients in minimally conscious state and a positive relationship between patients’ behavioral and neural improvements. Based on this evidence we argue that non-invasive musical-electric TNS may serve as an effective patient-friendly DOC treatment and suggest frequency-specific oscillatory neural enhancement as its mode of action.
Celastrol Attenuates the Remodeling of Pulmonary Vascular and Right Ventricular in Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Rats
Authors: Li Huayang , Liu Quan , Yue Yuan , Wang Shunjun , Huang Suiqing , Huang Lin , Li Luo , Zhang Yitao , Wu Zhongkai
Published: May 2021

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive angio-proliferative disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Although the histopathology of PAH is well described, its therapeutic option remains unsatisfactory. This study investigated the effect of celastrol treatment on PAH right ventricular (RV) dysfunction, RV remodeling and pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats as well as its possible mechanisms.Methods: PAH was induced in rats by a single subcutaneously injection of monocrotaline (MCT). After daily delivery of celastrol (1 mg/kg) or vehicle via intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks, the effects of celastrol on RV function, fibrosis, and pulmonary vascular remodeling were assessed. The infiltration of macrophages, the expression of inflammatory cytokines, including MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, and the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway-associated proteins, IkBα, p-IKKα/β and p65 were further detected. Finally, the effect of celastrol on human pulmonary artery smooth cells (HPASMCs) proliferation under hypoxia was studied in vitro.Results: Rats with PAH had decreased RV function, increased RV fibrosis and pulmonary arteries with interstitial thickening and prominent media hypertrophy. Treatment with celastrol improved RV function, and attenuated RV fibrosis and pulmonary vascular remodeling. Significantly decreased macrophage infiltration, reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, increased level of anti-inflammatory cytokine and inhibited NF-κB signaling pathway were observed in the lung tissues of rats treated with celastrol. Moreover, celastrol significantly suppressed the proliferation of HPASMCs under hypoxia.Conclusions: We showed that in rats with PAH, celastrol could improve RV function, and attenuate RV and pulmonary vascular remodeling and HPASMCs proliferation under hypoxia. Suppression of the NF-κB signaling pathway may be a part of the protective mechanism.
Demographic Profile of Patients and Geospatial Mapping in Palliative Care: A Hospital Based Study from Eastern Part of India
Authors: Rani Rita , Singh Usha , Trivedi Vinita , Chauhan Richa , Mishra Mukul , Sinha Rajani
Published: May 2021

Background

With the rising burden of cancer in India, there is a huge need to start and expand Palliative care (PC) services in different parts of the country. understanding the demographic profile of the Palliative care patients will help in customising the PC services. Aim of the study was to look into demographic details of the patients and to do Geospatial mapping of the patients referred for PC.
Methods

Data was extracted from patient’s case records referred to PC OPD was put into Excel sheet analysed statistically along with Geospatial mapping.
Results

Among a total of 1084 patients, 54.9% were men and about 24.2% were women. Maximum number of patients were in 4th decade of their life, relatively younger population. About 57% were poor and 47.1% were illiterate. About 37.2% were head and neck cancer patients with pain as the most commonly reported symptom among all patients. Bony metastasis was most common and majority of the patients belonged to Patna District of Bihar.
Conclusions

This study of demographic patterns of patient and geospatial mapping will help in sensitising towards PC and establishing better PC services and policy making in different parts of the country.
A New Ball Detection Strategy for Enhancing the Performance of Ball Bees Based on Fuzzy Inference Engine
Authors: Abulwafa Arwa , Saleh Ahmed I. , Saraya Mohamed S. , Ali Hesham A.
Published: May 2021

Sports video analysis has received much attention as it is turned to be a hot research area in the field of image processing. This led to opportunities to develop fascinating applications supported by analysis of different sports especially football. Identifying the ball in soccer images is an essential task for not only goal scoring but also players’ evaluation. However, soccer ball detection suffers from several hurdles such as; occlusions, fast moving objects, shadows, poor lighting, color contrast, and other static background objects. Although several ball detection techniques have been introduced such as; Frame Difference, Mixture of Gaussian (MoG), Optical Flow and etc., ball detection in soccer games is still an open research area. In this paper, a new Fuzzy Based Ball Detection (FB2D) strategy is proposed for identifying the ball through a set of image sequences extracted form a soccer match video. FB2D has the ability to accurately identify the ball even if it is attached to the white lines drawn on the playground or partially occluded behind players. FB2D has been compared to recent ball detection techniques. Experimental results have shown that FB2D outperforms recent detection techniques as it introduced the maximum accuracy and the accuracy of detection in the testing stage is close to 100%. As well as the minimum error.
Bovine host genome acts on specific metabolism, communication and genetic processes of rumen microbes host-genomically linked to methane emissions
Authors: Martínez-Álvaro Marina , Auffret Marc , Duthie Carol-Anne , Dewhurst Richard , Cleveland Matthew , Watson Mick , Roehe Rainer
Published: May 2021

Whereas recent studies in different species showed that the host genome shapes the microbial community profile, our new research strategy revealed substantial host genomic control of comprehensive functional microbial processes in the rumen of bovines by utilising microbial gene profiles from whole metagenomic sequencing. Of 1,107/225/1,141 rumen microbial genera/metagenome assembled uncultured genomes (RUGs)/genes identified, 203/16/352 were significantly (P<2.02 x10-5) heritable (0.13 to 0.61), revealing substantial variation in host genomic control. We found 29/22/115 microbial genera/RUGs/genes host-genomically correlated (-0.93 to 0.92) with emissions of the potent greenhouse gas methane (CH4), highlighting the strength of host genomic control of specific microbial processes impacting on CH4. Only one of these microbial genes was directly involved in methanogenesis (cofG), whereas others were involved in providing substrates for archaea (e.g. bcd and pccB), important microbial interspecies communication mechanisms (ABC.PE.P), host-microbiome interaction (TSTA3) and genetic information processes (RP-L35). In our population, selection based on abundances of the 30 most informative microbial genes provided a mitigation potential of 17% of mean CH4 emissions per generation, which is higher than for selection based on measured CH4 using respiration chambers (13%), indicating the high potential of microbiome-driven breeding to cumulatively reduce CH4 emissions and mitigate climate change.
Challenges in PhD education due to COVID-19 - disrupted supervision or business as usual: a cross-sectional survey of Swedish biomedical sciences graduate students
Authors: Börgeson Emma , Sotak Matus , Kraft Jamie , Bagunu Grace , Biörserud Christina , Lange Stephan
Published: May 2021

Background: It remains unclear to what extent the SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the normal progression of biomedical and medical science graduate programs and if there was a lasting impact on the quality and quantity of supervision of PhD-students. To date, multiple editorials and commentaries indicate the severity of the disruption without providing sufficient evidence with quantifiable data. Methods: An online survey was submitted to the administrative offices of biomedical and medical PhD-programs at eight major universities in Sweden to gauge the impact of the pandemic on the students. It consisted of multiple-choice and open-ended questions where students could provide examples of positive and/or negative supervision strategies. Open answered questions were coded as either examples of positive or negative support.Results: PhD students were divided into two groups: those with improved or unchanged supervision during the pandemic (group 1, n=167), versus those whose supervision worsened (group 2, n=69). Group 1 received more help from supervisors and more frequent supervision via both online and alternative platforms (email/messages and telephone). There was no significant difference in educational-stage, gender or caretaking responsibilities between the groups.Conclusions: It is important for the scientific community to learn how to provide the best possible supervision for PhD students during the pandemic. Our data suggests that more frequent supervision, and using a diverse array of meeting platforms is helpful. In addition, it is important for the students to feel that they have their supervisor’s emotional support. Several students also expressed that they would benefit from an extension of their PhD programs due to delays caused by the pandemic.
Excess Noise Factor in Avalanche Photodiodes with Dead Space Effect
Authors: Angadi Vignesh Reddy
Published: May 2021

This project aims to develop a graphical user interface(GUI) for MATLAB programs written by J. S. Marsland as part of his research on the excess noise factor in avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The GUI will be developed using the GUIDE package supplied with MATLAB. The GUI will then be used to compare this research with other work —for example, the Monte Carlo calculations performed by the research group at the French Aerospace Laboratory (ONERA). A comparison with other works will require the digitisation of graphs, some of which have been published in academic journals.
Comparison of Ticagrelor and Clopidogrel on Platelet Function and Prognosis of Patients with Unstable Angina
Authors: ling lin , Ming LIU , Chun LI , Zicheng LING
Published: May 2021

Objective To compare the effect of ticagrelor and clopidogrel on platelet inhibition and cardiovascular prognosis and bleeding in patients with unstable angina. Methods Patients diagnosed as unstable angina and undergoing successful PCI were selected from January 2016 to December 2018. Totally 212 patients received ticagrelor (90mg twice daily) and 210 received clopidogrel (75mg daily). Thrombo-elastography (TEG) and light transmission aggregometry (LTA) were used to measure platelet aggregation rate (PAR) induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid (AA). High-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT), pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and heart-type fatty acid binding protein(H-FABP)were measured to assess myocardium injury peri-PCI. Patients were followed up in hospital and 12 months after discharge for cardiovascular prognosis and bleeding events. Results There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics between the two groups. Compared with clopidogrel, PAR in ticagrelor group was inhibited more significantly (P < 0.001). Hs-TnT, NT-proBNP, CRP, and h-FABP elevated post PCI in both groups (P < 0.05 vs. Pre-PCI in each group), of which hs-TnT (P < 0.001) and h-FABP (P < 0.001) in clopidogrel group elevated more significantly. Both MACE in hospital and at 12-months follow up showed no significant difference between the two groups. Total bleeding events were increased in hospital in ticagrelor group (P < 0.05). Both minor bleeding and total bleeding were significantly elevated at 12-month follow up in ticagrelor group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Ticagrelor was effective in platelet suppression than clopidogrel and reduced peri-PCI myocardial injury in patients with unstable angina. However, ticagrelor showed no advantages in reducing in hospital and 12-months MACE and increased in hospital and 12-months bleeding events.
Deep learning in geodesy
Authors: Sorkhabi Omid Memarian
Published: May 2021

Deep learning (DL) can be a way to automate the analysis of predictions. DL algorithms are in the hierarchy of increasing complexity and abstraction while traditional machine learning is linear. In this study, the downscaling of the GRACE-FO satellite was investigated using a convolutional neural network (CNN). Three solutions were used for downscaling with CNN. Down-scaling accuracy is estimated to be 0.1 degree and its absolute error is 1 mm. The results show that this method can improve the GRACE-FO spatial resolution problem with higher efficiency and make it easier to analyze the results. Also, DL can solve many geodesy problems.
Seasonal Distributions, and Risk Assessment of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in the Surficial Sediments from the Turag River, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Nushrat Jahan , Shammi Mashura , Rahman Md. Mostafizur , Akbar Md. Ahedul , Uddin Md. Khabir
Published: May 2021

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) assessment in sediments of Turag River, Dhaka, Bangladesh has been conducted for the first time. This River provides critical ecological services to agriculture, industry, and transportation. However, the Turag River is one of the most industrially polluted rivers surrounding Dhaka in Bangladesh. In this study, six PCB congeners namely PCB 10, PCB 28, PCB 52, PCB 138, PCB 153, and PCB 180, were analyzed in surface sediments by GC-ECD at 9 sampling sites. Pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season sampling were collected in this study. The total concentrations of PCBs varied from 344.49 to 0.22 ng/g dw and 10.6 to 1.68 ng/g dw in pre-monsoon and post-monsoon, respectively. The paramount contributor congener to the total PCBs was PCB 180 and was found at all sites. The ecological risk assessment indicated a high potential risk in pre-monsoon (Eri = 277.32) and low potential risk in post-monsoon (Eri = 25.69). Sediment quality guideline quotients (SQGQs) showed that PCBs in pre-monsoon would cause no or moderate biological effects on organisms at most sampling sites except in surface sediments of site S5 (high biological effects), while no adverse ecotoxicological effect was observed in post-monsoon. Considering both probable effect level (PEL) and threshold effect level (TEL), the new sediment quality guideline quotient (NSQGQ) showed that in post-monsoon PCBs contamination would cause moderate biological effects, while in pre-monsoon the findings remained consistent with the findings of SQGQ. This study gave a quick look at the PCB contamination scenario in the Turag River sediments and also allowed for a comparison between the investigated River and other rivers worldwide.
Modulation of Initial Movement for Double Potential Targets With Specific Time Constraints
Authors: Onagawa Ryoji , Kudo Kazutoshi
Published: May 2021

In goal-directed behavior, individuals are often required to plan and execute a movement with multiple competing reach targets simultaneously. The time constraint assigned to the target is an important factor that affect the initial movement planning, but the adjustments made to the starting behavior considering the time constraints specific to each target have not yet been clarified. The current study examined how humans adjusted their motor planning for double potential targets with independent time constraints under a go-before-you-know situation. The results revealed that the initial movements were modulated depending on the time constraints for potential targets. However, under tight time constraints, the performance in the double-target condition was lower than the single-target condition, which was a control condition implemented to estimate performance when one target is ignored. These results indicate that the initial movement for multiple potential targets with independent time constraints can be modified, but the planning is suboptimal.
Comparison Between Ranibizumab Biosimilar, Innovator Ranibizumab and Bevacizumab in a Real World Situation
Authors: Ratra Dhanashree , Roy Krishnakanta , Giridhar Sneha , Madaan Sushant
Published: May 2021

PurposeTo analyze the efficacy of biosimilar ranibizumab as compared to innovator ranibizumab and bevacizumab.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients treated with biosimilar ranibizumab for wet age related macular degeneration (AMD) and macular edema (ME) and compared them with ranibizumab and bevacizumab treated patients.ResultsOut of 202 patients, 67 (33.2%) received biosimilar ranibizumab (BSR), 69 (34.2%) ranibizumab (RBZ) and 66 (32.7%) bevacizumab (BEV). All patients received 3 consecutive injections followed by pro re nata dosing. The follow up ranged from 3 -24 months. The mean number of injections were 6.68 RBZ, 6.4 BEV and 4.7 BSR. At 3 months, nAMD (n=115, 56.9%) and ME (n= 87, 43.1%) groups showed significant improvement in vision and central foveal thickness (CFT) across all 3 agents. After ≥ 6 months, the effects were maintained in AMD group but not in ME group. Maximum effect was seen at 1 month. At no point of time, significant difference was noted among the 3 anti VEGF agents. No major safety concerns were noted.ConclusionsBiosimilar ranibizumab is comparable to innovator ranibizumab and bevacizumab in efficacy and safety. It can be added to the list of available anti VEGF agents for the treatment of vascular disorders.