bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID- 19: An overview and detailed analysis about Covishield side effects after vaccination
Authors: Garg Mahee , Noor Kashish , Garg Monika
Published: February 2023

Covid-19 is a pandemic disease, because of this dangerous illness many people lost their lives, it started in December 2019 and continues till now, this illness is transmitted through contact and through the air by the airdrop of sneezing and coughing. This disease spread worldwide, that's why scientists of all countries were trying to discover the vaccine to stop coronavirus and fight against this disease, today a total of eleven vaccines are approved by WHO and the National Regulatory authority for public use, throughout the world mainly Covaxin and Covishield are used for vaccination (vaccines are liquid substances that inject into the body and start stimulation and the body produces antibodies against the virus and protects us from viral disease). According to WHO two doses of Vaccines are necessary for every person. In this research article, will be providing a detailed analysis of all the symptoms and side effects after receiving both doses of the vaccinations. For this research article, have taken more than 100 responses into consideration and provided a descriptive analysis about the side effects including but not limited to fever, pain, chills, pain at the site of injection, etc, in our survey each person is vaccinated with Covishield because it is safe and effective according to WHO. In this research article, discussing covid-19, Vaccines for Coronavirus, vaccine type, side effects of vaccines, because without this information will not understand the need and process of vaccination, however, our main aim of this research is making the general public aware of the symptoms and other possible discomforts that they might face after being vaccinated as well as giving them a general idea of this disease that has recently forced us all to have a national lockdown.
Optimization of Power and Efficiency in a segmented legs STEG using the Taguchi method
Authors: Mishra Princy , Singh O. P. , Katiyar A. K.
Published: February 2023

In the recent times, many researchers have concentrated on the development of thermoelectric materials with higher values of figure of merits to enhance the conversion efficiency. It have been observed in some of the previous studies that the figure of merit and hence, the performance of thermoelectric modules can be enhanced using the module with segmented legs of two or more thermoelectric materials. In this study, the application of segmented thermoelectric modules in a solar assisted thermoelectric generator have been presented. PbTe and BiTe alloys are used in the segmented module. Except the figure of merit, the performance of thermoelectric generator is also dependent on temperatures across modules, load resistance and various design parameters such as leg geometries, cross sectional area of legs etc. So, Taguchi method of optimization was employed using five factors and five levels design to optimize the power and conversion efficiency. The power and efficiencies are mathematically calculated at different combinations according to L25 orthogonal array. The maximum power output is predicted up to 31.52 W and conversion efficiency up to 14.61% using The Taguchi analysis. Analysis of Variance method is also used to analyze general linear model which results into the estimation of contribution percentages of each factor on the power and efficiency.
Review of Green Mobility in India: The Journey and the future forecast
Authors: Agarwal Yash , Bhagat Vibhor , Murtaza Qasim
Published: February 2023

Electric vehicles have fast become more commonplace around the globe over the years, and the fact that they have the ability to extensively decrease greenhouse gas emissions and provide an alternative to the long-standing fossil fuel-based IC engines does help. While a developing country like India is sure to have its unique set of barriers that hinder the adoption of green mobility across the country, and while there is a lot of apprehension amongst the end-users with regards to factors like charging infrastructure, driving range and the associated costs, there have also been a number of positive steps in the right directions, in terms of closing the technological gap, as well as giving the right incentives to the users. This paper is focused on reviewing the overall scenario of India’s position with respect to green mobility and provides insights into where we currently stand.
Effect of PID Controller on Direct Current Motor Speed Control Performance under Varying Load Torque Disturbance
Authors: Goodluck Utu Ochuko , David Ogbonna U. , Ekengwu I. E.
Published: February 2023

The MATLAB/Simulink model of DC motor speed control with varying load torque disturbance has been studied. Simulation was initially conducted without a controller considering unit step input and the transient response time domain performance characteristics of the uncompensated system were found to be remarkable but the desired speed was not tracked. The response speed was found to reach 1.649 rad/sec, which was well above the reference speed (1.0 rad/sec) by 64.9%. The introduction of load torque at 4 seconds further increased the magnitude of the motor speed response from 1.649 rad/sec to 3.008 rad/sec, which is 82.4% increment. With 300 rad/sec reference speed, simulation was conducted without PID controller and the resulting response was 494.6 rad/sec which was 64.9% increment. Thereafter, a load torque from 0 to 10 Nm is introduced at 4 seconds into the DC motor control loop and the response showed that the magnitude of the response motor is increased to 508.2 rad/sec, whicj is undesirable. A Proportional integral derivative (PID) controller plus pre-filter was introduced to DC motor speed control loop to compensate for the performance of the system. The step response showed that with the PID plus pre-filter circuit, the desired motor speed was tracked with remarkable time domain performance characteristics. With the introduction of unit load torque at 4 seconds, the step response of the PID controlled DC motor speed changed and tracked the desired speed with just 1% (0.01) deviation. Simulations were further performed with PID controller by setting the reference speed at 300 rad/sec without and with load torque varied from 0 to 10 Nm introduced into the control loop. The response was the same as the desired motor speed but increased to 300.1 rad/sec which is just 0.03% increment from the desired speed. Generally, the simulation tests conducted showed that the designed real PID controller plus pre-filter actually provided better speed response performance for DC motor control by offering precise tracking and robustness under varying load torque disturbance.
The Valley of Karnah: A Historical Analysis
Authors: Ahmad Zahoor
Published: February 2023

The present research paper is an attempt to give a historical overview of tehsil Karnah, largest tehsil of district Kupwara consists of 60,129 populations as per census 2011 of which 34,472 are males and 25,658 are females. The objective of the present research is to explore and understand the historical background of tehsil Karnah. The area selected for the purpose of study includes the valley of Karnah from ancient to till independence.
End of the line: The impact of new suburban rail stations on housing prices
Authors: Acuña Rhea
Published: February 2023

This study leverages the staggered opening of new Metro stations in a suburb of Washington, DC to estimate the impact of proximity to public rail transit on housing prices. Both hedonic and repeat sales models indicate that housing prices increase as distance increases, suggesting that living near public transportation in Prince George’s County is primarily viewed as a disamenity. For properties at one mile from the nearest station, the preferred repeat sales model estimates a marginal price increase of 4.6 percent for a one-mile increase in distance. I argue that the suburban environment may be key in explaining the results. In the suburbs, a greater share of the population relies on automobiles, and rail stations are typically equipped with large parking lots. The suburban environment allows households the opportunity to both benefit from public transportation access and mitigate the negative externalities associated with living right next to the station.
The right to freedom of conscience - dimensions conceptual-legal
Authors: Sedletchi Nicolae
Published: February 2023

Freedom of conscience and religion is a natural right, which is meant to recognize and protect the human person as an autonomous spiritual being, as a free man. It is relevant to note that already at the beginning of the 20th century freedom of conscience and religion was seen as one of the most important personal spiritual freedoms. Freedom of conscience as a natural right exists independently of any regulation. However, in order to enshrine it in principle, to arrange it and to ensure its respect, the intervention of the state is mandatory. By conferring the normative aspect on freedom of conscience, the state transforms it from natural freedom to public freedom. Thus, the integration of freedom of conscience in the positive legal system leads to its evolution from natural freedom to public freedom. Freedom of conscience as public freedom represents a universal and abstract legal freedom, a power of self-determination of the individual, based on the existence of a field of freedom-autonomy, which is intangible both for public power and for individuals. The exercise of this freedom has as its only limit the non-infringement of the liberties of others.
Economic, technical and regulatory aspects of food security amid emergencies
Authors: Kovalenko Olha , Yashchenko Lyudmila , Verbytskyi Sergii , Patsera Nataliia
Published: February 2023

A comprehensive approach covering economic, technical and regulatory aspects of the problem is necessary to successfully solve the problems of food security in emergencies. This article embraces the basics of the “food security” concept and its constituents. The special traits of the food security amid emergencies are shown. Economic aspects of the problem are considered at the example of the actual COVID-19 pandemic. The performed analysis of the problem of mutual consideration of technical regulation and food safety issues proves the possibility and expediency of involving food safety issues in the technical regulation of food raw materials and food products, the formulation of recommendations regarding the practical consideration of the requirements of food safety issues in regulatory documents of various levels: national standards, standards of other level, technical conditions. It is advisable to implement the specified consideration by modifying the current and developing new regulatory documents.
Clinical psychology associated with acute and chronic organic and functional dysfunctions
Authors: Cojocaru Aurelia , Fonariuc Nadejda
Published: February 2023

Clinical psychology is the science that studies the psychological factors involved in health and illness. This field focuses both on the aspects of health promotion and prevention of pathology, as well as on the aspects of psychological treatment of disorders that involve psychological mechanisms in the pathogenesis. Recent studies examining the general population prevalence and severity of mental disorders show that among the most common disorders are anxiety disorders (eg, panic disorders, social phobia), mood disorders (depression), impulse control disorders (eg, panic disorder intermittent explosiveness), addictions (alcohol, drug abuse).
Teaching efficiency as a complex reality in the context of social competences
Authors: Davidescu Elena
Published: February 2023

The article highlights aspects related to didactic efficiency as a complex reality in the context of social skills. Permanently there is interest in the most detailed description of the effective teacher model comes from the need to act on those components that are susceptible to training, starting from the premise that, just like in other fields, professionalization is also possible in the field of education. They. The professionalization of the didactic activity must not only mean the systematic assimilation of some competences fixed by some standards, but also the ability to use heuristically and creatively the social competences formed, in concrete and relatively unpredictable educational contexts.
Sol-gel Synthesized Yb-substituted ?-type Hexagonal Ferrites: Study of Structural, Grain Morphology, Electrical Polarization, Electrical Resistivity, Magnetic and Permeability Properties
Authors: Raheel Muhammad , Sadiq Imran , Hussain Sajjad , Sadiq Farhan , Idrees Mishal , Naz Sadaf , Shahbaz Muhammad , Saeed Samreen , Riaz Saira , Naseem Shahzad
Published: February 2023

In present work, an investigation was carried out about the various important properties of Yb 3+ substituted Potassium based ?-hexaferrite KFe 11-x Yb x O 17 (x= 0.0, 0.02, 0.06, 0.1). The Sol-gel auto combustion technique was used to synthesize all the samples. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the single hexagonal phase for all prepared samples. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed the agglomeration of small particles into big grains. The DC electrical resistivity, measured in the voltage range of (-200V) to (200V), was observed to vary with Yb 3+ contents. The Polarization versus electric field loops revealed the lossy behaviour of pure and substitute samples which indicated the resistive nature of the samples. The saturation and remanence polarization first decreased and then increased with Yb 3+ substitution due to ferric ions distribution between octahedral sites and resistive nature of the samples, respectively. The samples exhibited peculiar magnetic behaviour with the substitution of Yb 3+ ions. The saturation magnetization was increased up to concentration x = 0.06 and then decreased with further substitution of Yb 3+ contents. The coercivity values varied in the range of 141.43 to 279.26 Oe for all the samples which confirmed the soft magnetic nature of present synthesized material. The real part (µ’) and imaginary part (µ’’) of permeability exhibited the high values at low frequencies and these values decreased with the increase of frequency. The prepared samples were supposed to be used as core material of transformer and in high frequency applications due to high resistivity value and low eddy current losses.
Production of Biodiesel from Jatropha Curcas by using Heterogenous Dopped Zinc Oxide
Authors: Hussain Jaffar , Ali Zeenat M. , Qureshi Khan Muhammad , Khawaja Naila , Shah Syed Farman Ali
Published: February 2023

Heterogenous copper based nano catalyst was synthesized by Co-precipitation method. The effect of nano catalyst particle size from 0.5 to 52 nm was investigated. The Cupper dopped zinc oxide the nano particle size was used from 0.5 to 52 nm, and Transesterification method was used to produce the biodiesel. The optimum yield of bio-biodiesel was obtained 92% from Jatropha Curcas seed oil. SEM shows the surface morphology, topography, composition, crystallographic and structural shape of synthesized Cu-ZnO nano catalyst. XRD and EDX results depicted good morphology of prepared catalyst. XRD and EDX also displays the pattern of a model Cu-ZnO. FTIR results showed the major functional groups identified were alkanes , aromatics and carboxylic acid . Among these functional groups, alkanes were qualitatively noted to be the main constituents which indicate the good catalytic cracking activity of the catalyst.The UV, absorbance peak indicated the presence of ZnO nanoparticles, which is in accordance of UV absorbance result shown by previous studies. The effect of temperature on biodiesel yield showed from higher yield with 45 o C from 64.33 to 80 ml of ethanol concentration at 45 o C. On further rise in temperature resulted 92% product yield. Furthermore, effect of methanol on bio- diesel yield showed that, as the methanol ratio subsequently increased from 1: 05 to 1: 12increased the product yield. Besides this, the heterogeneous nano catalyst showed good catalytic activity in transforming Jatropha seed oil up to 92% of biodiesel yield.
PENAGIHAN DARING UNTUK PENCAIRAN TUNGGAKAN PAJAK: STUDI KASUS DI KPP PRATAMA BATAM UTARA
Authors: Ryanto Aji
Published: February 2023

Delinquent tax account has been surging for the past years as a resultant of low tax collection with high tax arrears. This could not be any worse, but things all went south when Covid-19 pandemic hit Indonesia in 2020. Many businesses struggle through this downturn economic period since the government impose restriction to all physical activity including working amid safety concern. In addition, this restriction has been limiting tax collection effort of tax bailiff. Online collection means such as using email blast or whatsapp blast and outbond call centre has yet to be implemented by DGT. Conversely, Batam Utara Tax Office has implemented online collection since this pandemic hits Indonesia for its benefits such as increase collection efficiency and ensuring tax bailiff safety. This study aims to define taxpayer’s response to online collection. A field study was undergone in this research using data collected from taxpayers who registered with Batam Utara Tax Office. The result was promising. Taxpayers’ response ranged from 10,1% to 14,6%, and Rp335,5 million were collected. It concludes that this new collection method can be an option for DGT in handling delinquent tax.
DETERMINAN TAX MORALE PADA ORANG PRIBADI NON KARYAWAN: STUDI EMPIRIS PADA MITRA GO-JEK INDONESIA
Authors: Kurniawati Lestari , Dwi Nurcahyo Sifit
Published: February 2023

The contribution of income tax for individuals other than those who work as employees (PPh 25/29 OP) is only about 1% in the last seven years. It requires tax awareness and voluntary tax compliance of individuals doing independent work. This study aims to examine eight independent variables that influence tax morale as an important determinant of voluntary tax compliance. This study used the mix method by testing empirical data questionnaires on respondents of Go-Jek Indonesia partners.. The selection of this group is relevant because they have a greater chance of doing tax evasion. The results of this study indicate that the factor that most influences the tax morale of Go-Jek Indonesia's partners is the reference group. Perceptions of the level of government corruption, the efficiency of government spending, and personal interests also have a significant effect on tax morale. Meanwhile, perceptions of fairness, tax rate levels, financial difficulties, and the possibility of being examined and subject to punishment do not have a significant effect on the tax morale of Go-Jek Indonesia's partners. This can be a reference for collecting tax revenues through a more persuasive approach.
ULTIMUM REMEDIUM DALAM HUKUM PIDANA PAJAK: TEORI DAN PRAKTIK
Authors: Yumanto Bina , Hutauruk Paruhum Aurora Sotarduga
Published: February 2023

The objective of Legal study is for answering questions on what and how it should be as das sollen. However,  legal studies are not solely researching validity of rules as das sollen, but also researching whether a legal rule be in force or not, about what should be done or should tend to be prescriptive (Sudikno Mertokusumo, 2011). Therefore, legal research aside from having dogmatic and systematic characters, also should also apprehend asymmetry  between das sollen and das sein. This paper essay is researching criminal tax law in General Provision and Procedures Law (UU KUP), as spring of ius positum and it’s legitimate systematic within tax law as well as other law within Indonesia’s legal system. From juridical normative research, there are few conclusions about ambiguity and asymmetry between fundamental principles and their pronounced legal regulations. As well about the absence of a strict (criminal) procedures law as rule of adjudication for application of criminal tax law, provoke ambiguity in operation and how to manifest criminal tax law as das sein. From this vantage point, this research stretched in accordance with criminal tax law effectiveness as a tool to obtain society welfare and harborage.
SUBCONSCIOUS INSIGHTS AS A SOURCE OF CREATIVE INSPIRATION OF R. BRADBURY
Authors: HULEVICH А.
Published: February 2023

The peculiarities of literary principles of American Writer R. Bradbury represented by the author’s self-reflective views on the techniques of stimulating the subconscious, the peculiarities of memory and imagination activity in the process of writing are analyzed in the given article. It is revealed that the word-association process introduced by R. Bradbury echoes the method of free association of Z. Freud. The application of the word-association method led R. Bradbury to the idea that the subconscious for the literary person is a source of unique ideas and a stimulant of creative process. In addition, Bradbury used special techniques (lists of words, self-revelation) in order to activate his subconscious, to make it supply the level of conscious with thoughts, ideas and memories that are usually hidden in the depths of the subconscious. These elements of the creative process stimulate the writer’s imagination by activating the work of the subconscious and memory by making specific connections between these elements aiming to create new literary meanings.
BELARUSIAN AND AMERICAN LITERATURE ABOUT THE FIRST WORLD WAR: THE EXPERIENCE OF CORRELATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: TRATSIAK Z.
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the scientific trend in the comparative and correlative study of distant literary traditions based on the material of Belarusian and American prose about the First World War; a model for the comparative study of cultural traditions formed in Western Europe and the United States of America is considered by highlighting resonant motives at similar structural levels in nationally specific literatures; the complementarity and parity of Belarusian and American prose about the First World War is demonstrably substantiated by the generally recognized text samples of Western European prose on the said subject. The relationship between the structural levels of multicultural artistic texts and groups of motives characteristic of them, which are composed of conceptual motive dominants, is revealed and substantiated.
SEGMENTED CONSTRUCTIONS IN THE BELARUSIAN TRANSLATION
OF “THE LITTLE PRINCE”
Authors: RAMZA T.
Published: February 2023

The syntax of the first Belarusian-language translation of the allegorical story-fairy tale by Antoine de Saint-Exupery “The Little Prince” (1943) is considered. It is noted that the syntactic specificity of the translation in the authorship of Edzi Agnyatsvet is primarily due to the “colloquial” nature of the work itself and the influence on the idiostyle of the translator of the Belarusian oral speech. An important role was also played by the translator’s own intentions, which manifested itself in functionally conditioned constructions: segmentation of sentences, statements with particles, structural incompleteness, etc. Such constructions in the Belarusian-language translation allowed the author to actualize the readers’ attention to the conceptually important points of the content of the tale.
KOMORAS-EXPACKHAUSES IN THE SYSTEM OF STATE CUSTOMS SERVICE OF GREAT DUCHY OF LITHUANIA IN LATTER HALF OF XVIII CENTURY
Authors: KITURKA I.
Published: February 2023

In the latter half of the XVII century, there was a reform of the state apparatus in the GDL; one of the results of this reform was the reorganization of the customs service and its transformation into a special institution in the system of the executive power of the State. During this period, the customs service of the GDL was rebuilt on the principles of bureaucracy and became one of the most perfectly organized state structures. In order to ensure that the money collected from duties on goods transported across the border is fully received by the budget, the state looked for optimal ways to organize the effective work of customs, including those by institutional changes.

Basing on the study and generalisation of archival materials, the article shows the role and significance of komo-ras-expackhouses for the first time in domestic and foreign historiography. In particular, it was noted that these special customs checkpoints appeared in the structure of the customs service of the GDL in 1788. They were organised in the cities where the most active trade in foreign goods was carried out - in Vilnius, Grodno, Kaunas, Minsk, Brest, Slonim, Pinsk, Mozyr, Niesvizh and Novogrudok. In addition to carrying out the procedure of customs inspection, valuation of goods and calculation of duty, expackhouses were also places of temporary warehousing and storage of goods. The study describes the activity of expackhouses, notes their role in the expansion and development of trade in the territory of the GDP in the latter half of the XVIII century.

The results of the research can be used when studying the activities of the state institutions of the GDL in the latter half of the XVIII century, preparing synthetical scientific works, textbooks on the history of the GDL and the history of the customs service.
THE FORMATION OF SIGHTSEEING AND TOURISM IN THE 1920s. THROUGH INITIATIVES OF LOCAL HISTORY OF INBELCULT
Authors: HRYSCHKEVICH S.
Published: February 2023

In this article author says about the formation and developement of local history in BSSR in 1920s.. The study of local history was very important to the process of collecting and systematizing local knowledge for future touristic routes. The formation of tourism activity in the BSSR began with the development of local history, which in the BSSR was managed by the CBK under Inbelkult. The main means of communication between the management of the CBK and local history lovers was the magazine "Nash Kraj", which reflected the main trends and achievements in the study of local history at that time. Initially, special attention was paid to the study and preservation of architectural and historical heritage, but since 1926 a reorientation of local studies on "socially useful" topics were observed. Excursion routes were subsequently built on the basis of the knowledge collected by local historians.
SLOVAK HISTORIOGRAPHY ON THE PROBLEM OF THE STATE OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Authors: KANDRATSENKA A.
Published: February 2023

The article gives an assessment of the Slovak historiography on the problem of the state of national minorities in the Slovak Republic in 1939–1945. Modern historians focus on previously unexplored topics, such as the Slovak-Hungarian borderlands, the expulsion of Czechs, the evacuation of the Carpathian Germans, the deprivation of property of the Jewish community, etc. The most studied and controversial aspects of the socio-political and economic life of the national minorities of Slovakia in the period 1939–1945 are noted.
Incidence of Gatroenteritis Induced Acute Renal Failure and its Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Rizvi Nabiha , Iftikhar Iqra , Abbas Ali , Farooq Mehrin , Kazmi Syed Khurram Shehzad , Amir Waseem
Published: February 2023

Objective: To record the incidence of AKI following acute gastroenteritis and to poor prognostic factors in patients having AKI following gastroenteritis. Methodology: We enrolled 92 cases with above 14 years of age diagnosed to have acute kidnay injury due to gastroenteritis. Detailed history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations were done at admission. Serum creatinine, urea, potassium were done daily. Other investigations done were liver function tests, urine complete examination, serum sodium levels, ultrasound abdomen and renal failure and its associated factors were recorded. Results: We studied 92 patients admitted to our hospital with acute gastroenteritis. Among those 48(54%) patients had AKI whereas 44(46%) patients didn’t developed AKI following acute gastroenteritis. AKI was more common in males(72%) as compared to females(28%). The most common manifestation was oliguria and anuria in( 66%)of the cases, (43%) of the patients having AKI had hypertension and (29%) had DM.(94%) patients were managed conservatively and (6%) required hemodialysis. Conclusion: We concluded that AKI is highly prevalent in patients with gastroenteritis whereas diarrhea is a major risk factor of AKI. Keywords: Gastroenteritis, Acute renal failure(AKI), risk factor
Incidence, Clinical Presentation and Outcomes of Paraphenylenediamine (Kala Pathar) Poisoning in Patients Presenting at a Tertiary Care Hospital: a Prospective Study
Authors: Butt Usman Shahid , Tanoli Aftab Alam , Rasheed Aisha , Nadir Sadaf , Samad Abdul , Rana Salman Pervaiz
Published: February 2023

Objective: To assess the demographics, clinical features and outcomes of PPD poisoning in such patients. Design of the Study: It was a prospective study. Place and Duration of Study: In this cross-sectional study, the prospective study data of 47 cases were collected from Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Loralai Medical College, Loralai. Patients and Methods: From 2019 to 2022, data of 47 cases was taken worth of information were gathered from hospitals' medical records for this prospective study. Information on the subject's demographics, ingestion method, clinical features, and mode of administration was recorded using a standardized format. In addition to monitoring mortality rates, hospital stays, tracheostomies, and the efficacy of mechanical ventilation, a number of other metrics were collected. For continuous variables' means and standard deviations (SDs) were calculated. However, percentages were calculated for categorical variables. Results of the Study: Out of 47 patients, 38 (80.85%) were females and 9 (19.15%) were males. During first year of the study, only six cases were reported while in succeeding years cases increases rise rapidly and reached to fifteen in last year final year of the study. Majority of the patients 16 (34%) belong to age group 20-24 years. Nearly, 85% of the patients belong to the rural areas. Moreover, the rate of PPD poisoning in married women increases alarmingly from one case in 2019 to nine cases in 2019. Practical Implication: Currently, there is limited data available on this poisoning as it has emerged as a new tren in our local hospitals. So, the rationale of this study is to evaluate the clinical presentation and outcome of the PPD poisoning in our part so that effective preventive and treatment strategies can be implemented at the onset which would certainly decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with this deadly poisoning. This study can lay down a base for local administrative authorities to consider formulating a law for strict handling of the PPD poisoning at local level and for education of the population. Conclusion: There is a significant amount of distress and death that comes along with PPD poisoning. In order to effectively handle poisoning situations, doctors must be aware of the clinical features and therapeutic choices. In addition, PPD-containing hair colours should be banned because they are so dangerous. Keywords: Poisoning, Suicide, Hair-Dye, Cervicofacial Edema, Paraphenylenediamine, Kala Pathar
Refluxing Versus Non-Refluxing Uretero-Vesical Anastomosis in Renal Transplant
Authors: Ahmad Mushtaq , Minallah Nasrum , Nawaz Ahmad , Nawaz Akhtar , Ahmad Tariq , Khattak Ikram Ullah
Published: February 2023

Background: Urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis are very common in patients with renal transplant. One of mechanism to prevent pyelonephritis is performing a non-refluxing anastomosis of ureter with bladder. Whether this procedure can decrease the rate of urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis is controversial. Objective: To assess the out-come of refluxing versus non-refluxing ureterovesical anastomosis in renal transplant recipients. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial (RCT) Methodology: This RCT was carried out in the Department of Urology and Renal Transplant, Institute of Kidney Diseases Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar from January 2015 to January 2020. A total of 52 patients who underwent live donor renal transplant were equally divided into two groups by block randomization, Group A-refluxing and Group B-non-refluxing ureterovesical anastomosis. Informed written consent was obtained from all patients. Each patient was followed for a period of one year and outcome parameters including frequency of anastomotic leakage, anastomotic stenosis, symptomatic UTI, hematuria and mean nadir creatinine level were recorded. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 using chi-square test for categorical data and T-test for numerical data keeping p-value < 0.05 as significant. Results: The mean age in group A and group B was 36.6 + 6.1 and 35 + 4.7 years respectively (p-value > 0.05). In group A, no patient developed anastomotic stenosis whereas in group B, 2 (7.7 %) patient developed anastomotic stenosis (p-value > 0.05). 1 (3.8 %) patient in group A developed anastomotic leakage while none of the patients in group B developed any leakage (p-value > 0.05). The mean nadir serum creatinine in group A was 1.3 + 0.4 mg/dl and 1.2 + 0.2 mg/dl in group B (p-value > 0.05). 4 (15.4%) of patients in group A and 3 (11.5%) of the patients in group B developed UTI (p-value > 0.05). Practical Implication: The refluxing ureterovesical anastomosis is relatively easier and less time consuming in comparison to the non-refluxing technique, since there is no statistical difference between their outcomes, the refluxing technique can be utilized in adult kidney transplant recipients. Conclusion: We concluded from this study that there is no statistically significant difference in the out-come between refluxing and non-refluxing ureterovesical anastomosis in renal transplant patients of adult age. Keywords: Lich-Gregoire, Renal Transplantation, Refluxing Ureterovesical anastomosis, Urine Leakage, UTI
Rezension von: Stuttgarter Zeitung (Hrsg.), Wegmarken des Jahrtausends
Authors: Kohl Herbert , Stuttgarter-Zeitung-Verlagsgesellschaft
Published: February 2023

Wegmarken des Jahrtausends. Streifzug durch die europäische Geschichte (1000-2000) Hrsg. von der Stuttgarter Zeitung, Leinfelden-Echterdingen (Weinbrermer) 1999. 272 S., 81 s/w Abb., 3 Karten.
Rezension von: Glasbrenner, Willi, Die Geschichte der Nebenbahn Blaufelden - Gerabronn - Langenburg
Authors: Rothmund Albert , Glasbrenner Willi
Published: February 2023

Willi Glasbrenner, Die Geschichte der Nebenbahn Blaufelden - Gerabronn - Langenburg 1900-1996 Gerabronn/Crailsheim (Hohenloher Druck- und Verlagshaus) 2000. 132 S., ca. 80 Fotos, 9 Pläne, zahlr. Dok.
Rezension von: Saalburgmuseum (Hrsg.), Der Limes
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Saalburgmuseum
Published: February 2023

Der Limes. Eine antike Grenze. Hrsg. vom Saalburgmuseum bei Bad Homburg im Taunus, CD-ROM, Stuttgart (Theiss) 1998.
Rezension von: Archäologische Ausgrabungen in Baden-Württemberg 1999
Authors: Stihler Daniel
Published: February 2023

Archäologische Ausgrabungen in Baden-Württemberg 1999. Hrsg. vom Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg, dem Archäologischen Landesmuseum, der Gesellschaft für Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Württemberg und Hohenzollern und dem Förderkreis Archäologie in Baden, Stuttgart (Theiss) 2000. 284 S., zahlr. Abb.
Rezension von: Schmidt, Hartwig, Archäologische Denkmäler in Deutschland
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Schmidt Hartwig
Published: February 2023

Hartwig Schmidt, Archäologische Denkmäler in Deutschland. Rekonstruiert und wieder aufgebaut, Stuttgart (Theiss) 2000. 160 S., ca. 250 Abb.
Rezension von: Trauthig, Michael, Im Kampf um Glauben und Kirche
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Trauthig Michael
Published: February 2023

Michael Trauthig , Im Kampf um Glauben und Kirche. Eine Studie über Gewaltakzeptanz und Krisenmentalität der württembergischen Protestanten zwischen 1918 und 1933 (Schriften zur südwestdeutschen Landeskunde, Bd. 27), Leinfelden-Echterdingen (DRWVerlag) 1999. 448 S.
Rezension von: Keitel, Christian, Herrschaft über Land und Leute
Authors: Lubich Gerhard , Keitel Christian
Published: February 2023

Christian Keitel, Herrschaft über Land und Leute. Leibherrschaft und Tenitorialisierung in Württemberg 1246-1593 (Schriften zur südwestdeutschen Landeskunde, Bd. 28), Leinfelden-Echterdingen (DRW) 2000. 287 S.
Rezension von: Aderbauer, Herbert, Das Tübinger Spital und der Wandel seiner sozialen Funktion in der frühen Neuzeit
Authors: Maisch Andreas , Aderbauer Herbert
Published: February 2023

Herbert Aderbauer, Das Tübinger Spital und der Wandel seiner sozialen Funktion in der frühen Neuzeit. Vom Pfründnerheim zur Armen- und Arbeitsanstalt (Beiträge zur Tübinger Geschichte, Bd. 9), Stuttgart (Konrad Theiss) 1997. 423 S.
Rezension von: Kultur- und Sportamt der Stadt Bietigheim-Bissingen (Hrsg.), Himmelszeichen und Erdenwege
Authors: Kohl Herbert , Kultur- und Sportamt Bietigheim-Bissingen
Published: February 2023

Himmelszeichen und Erdenwege: Johannes Carion (1499-1537) und Sebastian Hornmold (1500-1581) in ihrer Zeit. Hrsg. vom Kultur- und Sportamt der Stadt Bietigheim-Bissingen. Ubstadt-Weiher (Verlag Regionalkultur) 1999. 344 S., zahlr. Abb., teilw. farbig
Rezension von: Bahr, Thomas (Hrsg.), Beiträge zur Geschichte jüdischen Lebens in Thüringen
Authors: Kohl Herbert , Bahr Thomas
Published: February 2023

Beiträge zur Geschichte jüdischen Lebens in Thüringen, hrsg. von Thomas Bahr (Zeitschrift des Vereins für Thüringische Geschichte, Beiheft 29) Jena (Gutenberg) 1996. 170 S., 10 Abb.
Rezension von: Kallfelz, Hatto, Staatsarchiv Würzburg
Authors: Maisch Andreas , Kallfelz Hatto
Published: February 2023

Hatto Kallfelz u. a. (Bearb.), Staatsarchiv Würzburg. Kurzführer der Staatlichen Archive Bayerns, Neustadt a. d. Aisch (Verlagsdruckerei Schmidt) 1998. 30 S.
Rezension von: von Krusenstjern, Benigna (Hrsg.), Selbstzeugnisse der Zeit des Dreißigjährigen Krieges
Authors: Stihler Daniel , Krusenstjern Benigna von
Published: February 2023

Benigna von Krusenstjern, Selbstzeugnisse der Zeit des Dreißigjährigen Kriegs. Beschreibendes Verzeichnis (Quellen und Darstellungen zur Sozial- und Erfahrungsgeschichte, Bd. 6), Berlin (Akademie Verlag) 1997. 268 S.
Rezension von: Rückert, Peter (Bearb.), Gottesaue
Authors: Lubich Gerhard , Rückert Peter
Published: February 2023

Peter Rückert (Bearb.), Gottesaue. Die Urkunden der Bendiktinerabtei 1110-1550 (Veröffentlichungen der staatlichen Archivverwaltung Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 55), Stuttgart (Kohlhammer) 2000. 197 S., 17 Abb.
TERORISMUL RUSESC ̶ UN PERICOL REAL ASUPRA SECURITĂȚII EUROPENE
Authors: MĂNĂILESCU Iulian-Constantin
Published: February 2023

În prezent, pe fondul visului imperial, în contextul în care Rusia se află în plin război de acaparare de teritorii (cel din Ucraina) desfășurat cu mijloace hibride, coroborat cu un istoric recent al atentatelor teroriste rusești de mai multe tipuri, se poate pune problema unui pericol iminent asupra securității regiunii europene democrate. Astfel, analiza pleacă de la ipoteza că Europa se află în fața unui nou pericol terorist promovat de Rusia, dezvoltat pe fondul unor acțiuni de destabilizare a ordinii democratice printr-un război hibrid, cu un risc crescut asupra securității regionale. În acest sens, scopul articolului este acela de a identifica potențialul terorist al Rusiei în prezent. Obiectivele subsumate acestuia sunt de a analiza cele trei pericole în creștere care construiesc potențialul terorist al Rusiei. Prima amenințare este reprezentată de istoricul agitat al terorismului în această țară. Al doilea pericol se referă la existența unui grup militar care a realizat mai multe acțiuni teroriste în afara teritoriului Rusiei, grupul Wagner. Cel de-al treilea pericol reprezintă activarea terorismului islamist în Ucraina, prin înrolarea în armata rusă și instruirea unor luptători radicalizați din țările de religie musulmană aflate sub dominația rusească. Principala metodă de cercetare o constituie documentarea. Au fost analizate studii, articole de presă și statistici referitoare la subiectul abordat, în baza cărora s-au formulat concluzii.
INTRA-CRANIAL HEMATOMAS SECONDARY OF HEAD INJURIES SEEN AT CHU PZAGA OF MAHAJANGA
Authors: M Ramarokoto , WF Rakotodranibe , J S Bemora , W Ratovondrainy , M Rabarijaona , C Andriamamonjy
Published: February 2023

Head trauma regroups every post-traumatic lesions surgical or not concerning the skul l, its envelopes and its contents especially. The aim of the study was to determine the epidemi ological, clinical and treatment profile of intra-cranial post traumatic hematoma at neurosurgi cal unit of PZaGa University Teaching Hospital. It is a retrospective, descriptive study about head injury with intra-cranial hematoma a dmitted and managed at the neurosurgical unit from December 2017 to July 2018. We had 244 cases of head trauma among 325 hospitalized patients with 34 cases of int ra-cranial hematoma (13, 93%). Patients with head trauma were young adults, with male pred ominance, living in Mahajanga town. The main risk factor found was alcoholic intoxication (52,94%). It was about benign head trauma (79, 41%), among main signs found was agitation.Brain CT Scan was used in 82,35% of cases.  Surgical indication was almost confirmed by C T Scan but for the 17, 65% of cases, diagnosis was confirmed per-operatively. Main lesions o bserved were EDH (42, 86%) and chronic SDH (21,43%). Their management was early. Med ical treatment was sufficient in 20,59% of patients and 79,41% had surgical intervention. Evo lution was favorable but we had 2,94% deaths.Information, communication and education of a very socio professional stratus should be done.
INTRODUCTION DU SULFATE DE MAGNESIUM DANS LA PRISE EN CHARGE DE LA PREECLAMPSIE SEVERE AU CHUGOB
Authors: Razafindrainibe T , S Rakotonomenjanahary  , Raelison JG , Rahanitriniaina NMP , Andrianirina M , MS Razafindrabe  , Rajaonera AT
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and newborn morbi-mortality mostly through eclampsia and its complications. Magnesium sulphate is now approved to prevent eclamptic seizures. Our survey is aimed at showing the benefits and risks of its use in the management of severe preeclampsia. 

Methods: A prospective and descriptive study was led for nine months from April to December 2016 at CHUGOB about 90 severe preeclamptic women up to 28 weeks of gestation with imminent eclampsia and/or decision of delivery (or in labor); treated by magnesium sulphate before, during and/or after delivery. 

Results: The prevalence of this pathology was 1, 9%. It occurred before 37 weeks of gestation in 62, 22% of the cases, with middle age of 28, 89 years old. Systolic arterial blood pressure was greater than 160 mmHg (92, 22%), accompanied by significant proteinuria (61, 11%), and clinical signs of imminent eclampsia (65, 56%). Fifty five of them (61, 11%) needed antihypertensive therapy. The mainly side effects were minor (feeling of warmth in 54, 44%). There were six overdoses which regressed when treatment was stopped and calcium gluconate administered. No patients had eclampsia nor death. The newborn morbi-mortality hadn’t been affected. 

Conclusion: Magnesium sulphate is effective especially in imminent eclampsia. The benefits from its use were above the risks for the mother and her baby with rigorous clinic follow up.

We recommend it.
RÉSULTATS À MOYEN TERME DES PROTHÈSES UNICOMPARTIMENTALES DU GENOU À MADAGASCAR MEDIUM-TERM RESULTS OF UNICOMPARTMENTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY IN MADAGASCAR
Authors: Joe Clario Rabemanahaka  , Baptiste Ramampisendrahova Jean , Amboara Sarobidy Rohimpitiavana Hanitrankasitrahana , Aina Miharisoa Ralaivao Ny , Zo Lalaina Andrianina Rabemazava Alexandrio , Jean Claude Razafimahandry Henri
Published: February 2023

Introduction: the unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is a globally recognized procedure for the treatment of osteoarthritis of a tibiofemoral compartment. It was carried out in Madagascar since 2012 at the Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona University Hospital Center (CHU-JRA) and this study is the first study concerning the UKA carried out in the country. The objective of this study is to assess the medium-term results of PUCs in Madagascar.

Methods: this was a six-year prospective study from 2012 to 2017 carried out in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology of the CHU-JRA Antananarivo including all patients who received a UKA.

Results: twelve UKA were placed in eight patients. The mean age of the patients was 73.5 years. Mechanical pain in the internal compartment of the knee was the complaint of all patients, and the diagnosis of internal tibial osteoarthritis was confirmed after the x-ray. An improvement in the IKS (International Knee Society) score was found, with the average overall score which had gone from 132.5 preoperatively to 190 at the last follow-up, an IKS knee average score increased from 65 to 95 and an IKS score function increased from 67.5 to 95. After a mean follow-up of four years, the quality of life of the patients was excellent with the KOOS (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) which went from 26/100 before the operation to 98/100. Apart from a loosened prosthesis no other complication were found.

Conclusion: UKA is an ideal treatment for isolated osteoarthritis of a tibiofemoral compartment. It offers better physiological function, a less invasive surgical approach, a faster recovery time. This first study in Madagascar concerning the PUC found excellent mediumterm results but long-term patient follow-up will be necessary.
Enseigner l’histoire à distance en contexte d’urgence pandémique : étude des pratiques déclarées des enseignants du secondaire au Québec
Authors: Jadoulle Jean-Louis
Published: February 2023

Trente et un enseignants ont répondu à un questionnaire en ligne à propos de leurs pratiques d’enseignement à distance entre les mois de mars 2020 et juin 2021. Nous souhaitions cerner leur degré d’intégration des technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC), leur motivation à enseigner à distance, et repérer les déterminants de leurs choix pédagogiques. Les circonstances ont amené le plus grand nombre à se familiariser avec les TIC, à en explorer les fonctions de base et, dans une moindre mesure, à s’en approprier de plus complexes. Les analyses indiquent l’existence de deux groupes dont un élément discriminant majeur concerne la représentation de l’enseignement de l’histoire.
Management and Reversal of Tissue Ischemia after Lip Filling with Hyaluronic Acid: A Case Report
Authors: CCMS Almeida
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Even taking all the necessary measures for the non-occurrence of adverse events resulting from the application of hyaluronic acid, the risk of complications will still be present due to anatomic factors. Objective: To report a clinical case of vascular management complications after lip filling performed under conditions considered safe to prevent this type of event. Case report: Female patient, 27 years old, with the desire to improve the appearance of her lips by filling procedure. The procedure was performed entirely with a 22G canula, with two entry points done near the lip corners. The result of the immediate post-intervention was satisfactory, with no visual alteration of adverse effects. A few minutes after the procedure, it was possible to diagnose the occurrence of a complication related to vascular compression or intravascular filler injection. To prevent tissue necrosis, hyper concentrated hyaluronidase was applied at 15 minute intervals until signs and symptoms were resolved. Conclusion: In the clinical case reported all instructions for performing a safe lip filling procedure were followed, but this did not prevent the progression to a vascular complication with risk of necrosis. The prompt intervention of the application of hyaluronidase generated excellent and sufficient results for the management of this complication.