bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pendeteksian Fraud pada Laporan Keuangan melalui Narsisme, Politisi CEO dan Kepemilikan Manajerial
Authors: Randi Pamungkas Faizal , Faradiza Sekar Akrom
Published: December 2022

Many researches on fraudulent financial reporting have been carried out. It started with the fraud triangle theory which developed into a fraud diamond and is now known as the fraud pentagon. One of the factors in the fraud pentagon is arrogance. Arrogance is a trait arrogant in someone who believes that company rules or company controls do not apply to him. This study aims to examine the arrogance factor as measured by three variables, namely narcissism, CEO politicians and managerial ownership. The sample used in this study is a manufacturing company that listed on the IDX using 2018-2019 data. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that arrogance as measured by narcissism has a positive effect on fraudulent financial reporting. The results of this research imply that users of financial statements should be more careful when financial statement present a lot number of CEO pictures because they have a greater possibility of fraud.
Implication on Firm Value in Indonesian Banking
Authors: Abdillah Sainada Oktoby Sherly , Jalil Fitri Yani
Published: December 2022

The level of investor prosperity is reflected in the stock price. Financial statement ratio analysis is used to determine the value of a company. Because banking is the focal point of the country’s economic activity, it attracts investors. The goal of this research is to look into the impact of profitability, growth opportunity, dividend policy, and firm age on the firm value of Indonesian commercial banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2015 and 2021. Purposive sampling was used in this study, and 59 data points were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The findings revealed that profitability has a significant impact on firm value. Meanwhile, growth prospects, dividend policy, and firm age have no effect on firm value. Investors are drawn in by the size of the company’s profit. Due to a lack of understanding of the company’s internal and external conditions, bank growth does not always reflect abundant assets. Capital gains are preferred by many investors because they produce quick profits. The vulnerability of a company to new competitors grows with age.
Children With Medical Complexity and Mental and Behavioral Disorders in the Emergency Department
Authors: Ramgopal Sriram , Goodman Denise M. , Kan Kristin , Smith Tracie , Foster Carolyn C.
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND:

To assess the overlap and admission or transfer rate of children with chronic complex conditions (CCC) and with mental or behavioral health (MBH) disorders among children presenting to the emergency department (ED).

METHODS:

We performed a cross-sectional analysis from 2 data sources: hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) and from a statewide sample (Illinois COMPdata). We included ED encounters 2 to 21 years and compared differences in admission and/or transfer between subgroups. Among patients with both a CCC and MBH, we evaluated if a primary MBH diagnosis was associated with admission or transfer.

RESULTS:

There were 11 880 930 encounters in the PHIS dataset; 0.7% had an MBH and CCC, 2.2% had an MBH, and 8.0% had a CCC. Patients with an MBH and CCC had a greater need for admission or transfer (86.5%) compared with patients with an MBH alone (57.7%) or CCC alone (52.0%). Among 5 362 701 patients in the COMPdata set, 0.2% had an MBH and CCC, 2.1% had an MBH, and 3.2% had a CCC, with similar admission or transfer needs between groups (61.8% admission or transfer with CCC and MBH; 42.8% MBH alone, and 27.3% with CCC alone). Within both datasets, patients with both a MBH and CCC had a higher odds of admission or transfer when their primary diagnosis was an MBH disorder.

CONCLUSIONS:

While accounting for a small proportion of ED patients, CCC with concomitant MBH have a higher need for admission or transfer relative to other patients.
Geoid undulation prediction using ANNs (RBFNN and GRNN), multiple linear regression (MLR), and interpolation methods: A comparative study
Authors: Konakoglu Berkant , Akar Alper
Published: December 2022

The present work aimed to develop a prediction model to estimate geoid undulation and to compare its efficiency with other methods including radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), generalized regression neural network (GRNN), multiple linear regression (MLR) and, ten different interpolation methods. In this study, the k-fold cross-validation method was used to evaluate the model and its behavior on the independent dataset. With this validation method, each of a k number of groups has the chance to be divided into training and testing data. The performances of the methods were evaluated in terms of the root mean square error (RMSE) mean absolute error (MAE), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE), and correlation coefficient (R2) and using graphical indicators. The evaluation of the performance of the datasets obtained using cross-validation was done in two ways. If we accept the method having the minimum error result as the most appropriate method, the natural neighbor (NN) method in the DS#5 dataset gave better results than the other methods (RMSE=0.14173  m, MAE=0.09729 m, NSE=0.98986, and R2=0.99011. On the other hand, it has been observed that, the GRNN method exhibited the best performance, on average, with RMSE=0.18539 m, MAE=0.13676 m, NSE=0.98229, and R2=0.98249.
Effects of vegetation height and relative submergence for rigid submerged vegetation on flow structure in open channel
Authors: Wang Zhongyu , Zhang Huayong , He Xing , Jiang Qi , Xu Weigang , Tian Wang
Published: December 2022

In this research, the vegetation height and a concept of relative submergence are adapted to experimentally investigate the effects of rigid submerged vegetation on flow structure. The results reveal that the relative submergence presents decreasing trend along the submerged vegetation section and the average relative submergence follows a power functional decreasing relationship regarding to the increase of vegetation height. After the exit of vegetation block, the water depths for the vegetated cases resume to the level and trend of the case without vegetation. The differences between the maximum and minimum water depths for the submerged cases follow a linear relationship with vegetation height and a negative power functional relationship with the average relative submergence, with which, the raised water depths due to rigid submerged vegetation can be predicted under similar hydraulic and vegetation conditions to the present research. Due to the retardance of vegetation block, the differences between the maximum and minimum flow velocities increase with the vegetation height as the maximum values change slightly and the minimum values decrease continuously. The findings of the research may improve the comprehensive understandings of open channel hydraulic behaviors affected by rigid submerged vegetation and give some guidance to the river ecological restorations.
Effects of the Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) network on the accuracy, precision, and Time to Fix Ambiguity (TTFA) performance
Authors: Gökdaş Ömer , Özlüdemir Mustafa Tevfik
Published: December 2022

The geometric design of the Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) network is one of the most critical factors that impact accuracy, precision, and Time to Fix Ambiguity (TTFA) performance. In this study, the authors investigate the subject of geometric design by using both local ISKI CORS and national CORS-Turkey (CORS-TR) networks, and they redesign the ISKI CORS network by increasing interstation distances. For three systems, real-time Virtual Reference Station (VRS) solutions have been obtained and tested with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). As a result, the 8-station ISKI CORS provides the most accurate results in the vertical component. In contrast, for TTFA performance, the CORS-TR network shows worse outcomes than the others. Due to the increase in the interstation distances, the increase in the base length caused worse results in FIX solution ratios for redesigned ISKI CORS. In summary, the authors have stated that the 8-station ISKI CORS network performs better, especially regarding vertical accuracy. Furthermore, the authors state that the TTFA performance and FIX solution ratios are high, and the ISKI CORS geometric design is optimal.
The content of complex psychedelic experiences resulting from inhalation of N,N-dimethyltryptamine
Authors: Kagan Stephen
Published: December 2022

Aim

This study examines narratives describing complex psychedelic experiences after smoking N,N-dimethyltryptamine.

Methods

The narrative accounts examined here were gathered from a variety of online sites and analyzed in order to discover themes, categories and patterns in the phenomenon of the resulting psychedelic experiences.

Results

Subjects reported seeing complex and unusual visual and synesthetic phenomena, leaving this world and entering into extraordinary places, encounters with a variety of strange entities, interactions with unusual objects and a wide variety of powerful feelings. The general categories of Places, Objects, Entities and Feelings were found in the phenomena experienced by people who smoked N,N-Dimethyltryptamine. These provided a framework within which more detailed subcategories were found and the range of most frequent to least frequent experiences were identified.

Discussion

While DMT experiences are commonly described by people smoking N,N-dimethyltryptamine as indescribable, unique to everyone and taking place in a single domain called Hyperspace or the Hyperdimension, this research found distinct subcategories of frequently visited Places as well as frequently encountered Entities, Objects and Feelings. From these a more comprehensive understanding can be developed of the unusual and profound experiences resulting from inhalation of N,N,-Dimethyltryptamine.
Natural Implant Restoration in Stable Alveolar Bone (NIRISAB)—Concepts in Clinical Practice: Long-Term Follow-up on Three Cases of Ridge Reconstruction Using the Tunnel Approach With Remote Incision
Authors: Liang William
Published: December 2022

One of the most challenging aspects of dental alveolar ridge augmentation surgery is achieving proper wound closure and uneventful healing. To date, most of the open flap approaches have been fraught with complications. Many of these complications can be eliminated if the soft tissue incision is placed away from the surgical site. This paper describes the clinical application of a remote incision in various ridge augmentation surgeries as developed by Dr Hilt Tatum. It is part of the concept of natural implant restoration in stable alveolar bone that Dr Tatum introduced in the early 1970s.
Bayesian joint modeling of patient-reported longitudinal data on frequency and duration of migraine
Authors: İNAN Gül
Published: December 2022

In this methodological study, we address the joint modeling of longitudinal data on the frequency and duration migraine attacks collected from patients in a clinical study in which patients were repeatedly asked at each hospital visit to report the number of days of migraine attacks they had in the last $30$ days and the corresponding average duration of attacks. In our motivating data set, the migraine frequency outcome is a count variable inflated at multiples of $5$ and $10$ days, whereas the migraine duration outcome is reported entirely in discrete hours, including $0$ for non-migraine days and inflated at multiples of $12$ hours. In our study, we propose a joint modeling approach that models each migraine outcome by a multiple inflated negative binomial model with random effects and assumes a bivariate normal distribution for the random effects. We estimate the model parameters under Bayesian inference. We examine the performance of the proposed joint model using a Monte Carlo simulation study and compare its performance with a separate modeling approach in which each longitudinal count outcome is modeled separately. Finally, we present the results of the analysis of migraine data.
TEDARİK ZİNCİRİ ENTEGRASYONU VE DİJİTALLEŞMENİN PERFORMANSA ETKİSİ: ALICI-TEDARİKÇİ RİSK YÖNETİMİNİN ARACILIK ROLÜ
Authors: OĞUZ Alparslan , PERÇİN Selçuk
Published: December 2022

Çalışmanın amacı, tedarik zinciri entegrasyonu ve dijitalleşmenin performansa etkisinde tedarik zinciri risk yönetiminin aracı rolünü belirlemektir. Bunun için yapısal bir model oluşturulmuştur. Yapısal modelde yer alan ilişkiler, Gaziantep Organize Sanayi Bölgelerinde faaliyet gösteren 246 üretim işletmesinden elde edilen veriler ile analiz edilmiştir. Modelde yer alan ilişkilerin belirlenmesinde Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Analiz sonucunda, alıcı-tedarikçi entegrasyonu, dijitalleşme ve alıcı-tedarikçi risk yönetimi faktörlerinin işletme performansı üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, alıcı-tedarikçi entegrasyonu ve dijitalleşmenin, alıcı-tedarikçi risk yönetimi üzerinde anlamlı etkisi olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada, aracı etkilerde araştırılmıştır. Buna göre, alıcı-tedarikçi entegrasyonu ve dijitalleşmenin işletme performansına etkisinde alıcı-tedarikçi risk yönetiminin kısmi aracılık etkisi bulunmaktadır. Sonuçlar, yapısal modeli desteklemektedir. Elde edilen sonuçların literatüre, işletmelere ve yöneticilere çeşitli katkılar sağlayabileceği ifade edilebilir.
Değişen Dünyada Yeni Dini Formlar: Postmodern Dönemde Dindarlık Ölçeği Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Yakut İdris
Published: December 2022

Tarih boyunca din ve dindarlık gibi kavramlar her toplumda tartışılan bir olgu olmuştur. Günümüzde de özellikle teknolojinin gelişmesiyle birlikte toplumlarda meydana gelen değişim ve dönüşümler dini inanç ve pratikleri de etkileyerek yeni dindarlık biçimlerini beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmanın amacı “postmodern” olarak isimlendirilen yaşadığımız döneme ait dini inanç ve ritüelleri ölçmeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirmektir. Çalışmada ilk olarak literatür taraması yapılmış, uzman görüşü alınmış ve buna göre 40 maddelik bir havuz oluşturulmuştur. Ardından yaşları 15-60 arasında değişen 475 kişi üzerinde yüz yüze ve çevrimiçi olarak anket uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde 40 madde ile açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış, KMO değeri .949 ve Bartlett test değeri 3022,838 olarak hesaplanmış olup, chi-square değerinin anlamlı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda tek boyutlu, varyansı %49,279 olan 12 maddelik bir yapı oluşturulmuştur. Madde faktör yükleri .502 ile .816 arasında değişen ölçeğin Cronbach’s Alpha iç tutarlık katsayısı .903 olarak ölçülmüştür. Amos 24.0 programı ile yapılan doğrulayıcı faktör analizinde ise (x^(2/df)= 2,654; RMSEA=0,054; NFI = 0,953; CFI = 0,970; GFI = 0,957) elde edilen değerlerin tek boyutlu ölçek ile uyum sağladığı görülmüştür. Yapılan analizler neticesinde postmodern dönemde bireylerin dine, inanca ve ritüele olan yaklaşımlarını ortaya çıkarmak amacıyla yararlanılabilecek geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı oluşturulmuştur.
When Everyone Wins: Dialogue, Play, and Black History for Critical Games Education
Authors: Rouse Rebecca , Youmans Amy Corron
Published: December 2022

In this article, we reflect on the process and outcomes of using dialogue, play, and a focus on Black women’s history to support critical media literacy in game design education. Over three years we developed a dialogue-based introductory undergraduate course in the game design program at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute intended to deepen engagement by students in game design practice. We specifically focused on critical approaches to explore the history and culture of games, utilizing dialogic pedagogy to develop transformative learning environments rooted in social justice education, and helped students develop skills for intercultural dialogue and communicating “across difference.” The dialogue experience created a powerful learning environment that resulted in higher quality and more critical student game design work. This was evident in the 2019 iteration of the course, which included two sections of students and in which we had a semester-long group project on the history of Harriet Tubman, culminating in a selection of student games being shown at a local gallery in an exhibition celebrating Tubman’s legacy. The Tubman project was liberatory not only for students, but also instructors, as we learned together how to navigate discomfort and gain a more critical understanding of the material realities of white supremacy in games, self, and each other. This article shares details from the design and methodology of our course, outcomes as evidenced by student work, survey responses, and instructor observations, and concludes with reflections on areas for further research and opportunities for other educators to incorporate new methods in design education.
The impact of overtourism on the residential well-being
Authors: Molnár-Csomós Ilona , Kiss Kornélia
Published: December 2022

Overtourism has a number of negative impacts on both the attractiveness of tourist destinations and the way of life of the local residents. The period of tourism converging to almost nothing, which appears from time to time during the period marked by the outbreak and global spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, is suitable for examining the residents' perceptions of overtourism. In this study, the question of research focuses on the impact of overtourism on the residential well-being of local communities. Sentiment analysis was used to answer the research question, which proved to be a good tool for exploring the impacts of overtourism perceived by local residents in an unconventional way.

The results, based on 13,145 comments, support which sensory perception allowed by representational systems – such as sight, hearing, touch, taste, smell – is more significant in the case of the examined keywords. Knowing the correlations of overtourism and residential well-being the non-governmental organizations and the local government of the municipality – which providing housing for the residents – can effectively shape the factors of residential well-being, but in addition the local residents as well exposed to the environmental impacts of tourism can play a key role in shaping their own residential well-being.
Behavioral And Perceptual Models for Secure Data Analysis and Management
Authors: Achar Sandesh
Published: December 2022

The ability to monitor and forecast citizen behavior on a large scale developed to be a top target for governments subject to security and intelligence that are collective in the current worldwide culture where the web has become the primary medium for commerce and communication. Meanwhile, significant privacy-related issues have surfaced considering the innovative opportunities that artificial intelligence (AI) generates for collective behavior analysis when presented to governments as a way in which the government will comprehend. In the current study, we conducted an extensive literature analysis using techniques such as data mining and interviews such as in-depth to determine the primary uses of Artificial Intelligence that governments use and describe citizens' privacy issues. Our findings showed that the government employed 11 AI initiatives to enhance interactions with residents, local organizations, services offered by government agencies, and the economy, among other things. Issues are identified relating to the risk of behavior modification, intelligent decision-making, data privacy regulation and law, digital surveillance, and decision automation as they pertain to people's privacy when governments deploy AI. Finally, the report concluded that the debate of developing rules centered on the moral citizen data architecture gathering, with consequences for governments aiming to regulate security, morality, and data privacy. We also suggest a study schedule with 16 research questions to be investigated in future studies.
Big Tech's Tightening Grip on Internet Speech
Authors: Dickinson Gregory M.
Published: December 2022

Online platforms have completely transformed American social life. They have democratized publication, overthrown old gatekeepers, and given ordinary Americans a fresh voice in politics. But the system is beginning to falter. Control over online speech lies in the hands of a select few—Facebook, Google, and Twitter—who moderate content for the entire nation. It is an impossible task. Americans cannot even agree among themselves what speech should be permitted. And, more importantly, platforms have their own interests at stake: Fringe theories and ugly name-calling drive away users. Moderation is good for business. But platform beautification has consequences for society’s unpopular members, whose unsightly voices are silenced in the process. With control over online speech so centralized, online outcasts are left with few avenues for expression.
Concentrated private control over important resources is an old problem. Last century, for example, saw the rise of railroads and telephone networks. To ensure access, such entities are treated as common carriers and required to provide equal service to all comers. Perhaps the same should be true for social media. This Essay responds to recent calls from Congress, the Supreme Court, and academia arguing that, like common carriers, online platforms should be required to carry all lawful content. The Essay studies users’ and platforms’ competing expressive interests, analyzes problematic trends in platforms’ censorship practices, and explores the costs of common-carrier regulation before ultimatelyproposing market expansion and segmentation as an alternate pathway to avoid the economic and social costs of common-carrier regulation.
The Intersections of Sex and Inequality in a Mixed Status Industrial London Sample
Authors: Green Anna
Published: December 2022

Saint Pancras Burial Ground and its inhumated priests, paupers, aristocrats, and migrants provide a unique perspective into the interactions between sex and inequality in 18th and 19th century industrial London. Frequencies of caries, dental calculus, periodontal disease, linear enamel hypoplasia, periapical lesions, tuberculosis, treponematosis, rickets, and trauma among 224 females from St. Pancras were compared to 27 low-status females from Crossbones Burial Ground and 74 primarily high-status females from Chelsea Old Church Cemetery. Based on the information known about those buried at St. Pancras, it was hypothesized that the frequencies of health indicators in St. Pancras should fall between the high and low status cemeteries.

For this research, Pearson Chi-square was used to test if differences in frequencies were statistically significant. The results show that for St. Pancras
the frequencies were significantly lower (p < 0.005) than Crossbones for caries (SP=61%, CB=88%), periodontal disease (SP=42.2%, CB=96%), periapical
lesions (SP=8.7%, CB=40%), and trauma (SP=11.6%, CB=37%). Frequencies of dental calculus (SP=81%, CC=95.1%), periodontal disease (SP=42.2%, CC=67.5%),
and periapical lesions (SP=8.7%, CC=31.1%) were also significantly lower (p < 0.05) in St. Pancras compared to Chelsea Old Church. However, St. Pancras’s
prevalence of LEH (80.8%) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than Chelsea Old Church (56.1%). Overall, the individuals from St. Pancras had better
dental health compared to the other two samples and lower frequencies of trauma compared to Crossbones. This suggests that circumstances, such as
migration, may have uniquely affected the lived experiences of women from the St. Pancras sample when compared to other local samples.
The Curacautín Eruption of Llaima Volcano, Chile
Authors: Marshall Aaron Asdale
Published: December 2022

Mafic magmas are the most common magmas erupted on Earth and on rocky bodies in the Solar System. The low viscosity of mafic magmas results in eruptions
that are primarily effusive to mildly explosive. Rarely, mafic magmas erupt as more violent, explosive events, and the causes of this transition in
eruptive style are hotly debated. In this dissertation, I investigated the conditions in the conduit and shallow subsurface that generated the unusually
explosive mafic, Curacautín eruption of Llaima volcano, Chile. The Curacautín ignimbrite (Ci) is a basaltic andesite ignimbrite consisting of four flow
units of variable thicknesses. New 14C dates for five Ci exposures returned ages of ~12.6 ka suggesting the Ci was generated in a single
eruptive event. Using new methods for volume estimation, I calculated a volume of 4.0–4.5 km3 DRE for the Ci. Pyroclast textures, including
moderate vesicularities and high microlite number densities suggest rapid magma ascent rates prior to eruption. I calculated timescales of crystallization
for Ci plagioclase microlites of < 10 s to ~5 hrs using crystal size distribution (CSD) theory. To further test the rapid ascent hypothesis, I modeled
plagioclase nucleation and growth rates of 6.1×105 cm-3 hr-1 and 27.4 μm hr-1 for the Ci. I used these rates
to conduct Monte Carlo simulations for Ci plagioclase CSDs and calculated ascent rates from < 1–6 m s-1, further supporting the rapid ascent
hypothesis. I was unable to produce the smallest size populations of plagioclase microlites. Finally, I observe textures consistent with the
autobrecciation and welding of protopyroclasts prior to eruption. I call this newly recognized process fusing and suggest it records conduit conditions
not previously considered in mafic eruptions. Size-restricted broken plagioclase crystals record fragmentation and secondary, post-fragmentation
crystallization. Both processes may explain our inability to produce the smallest size population of plagioclase within the model. These observations have important implications for how we interpret the deposits of explosive eruptions. This research supports other work that suggests rapid magma ascent is the primary driver for highly explosive mafic eruptions in the absence of external water. Because people are living on or near volcanoes that erupt mafic magmas in ever increasing numbers, it is paramount that we understand what causes these systems to transition in eruption style.
Robust Inference in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Paudel Santosh
Published: December 2022

This dissertation presents a systematic approach to obtain robust statistical inference schemes in unreliable networks. Statistical inference offers mechanisms for deducing the statistical properties of unknown parameters from the data. In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), sensor outputs are transmitted across a wireless communication network to the fusion center (FC) for final decision-making. The sensor data are not always reliable. Some factors may cause anomaly in network operations, such as malfunction, corruption, or compromised due to some unknown source of contamination or adversarial attacks.

Two standard component failure models are adopted in this study to describe the system vulnerability: the probabilistic and static models. In probabilistic
models, we consider a widely known ε−contamination model, where each node has ε probability of malfunctioning or being compromised. In contrast, the static model assumes there is up to a certain number of malfunctioning nodes. It is assumed that the decision center/network operator is aware of the presence of anomaly nodes and can adjust the operation rule to counter the impact of the anomaly. The anomaly node is assumed to know that the network operator is taking some defensive actions to improve its performance. Considering both the decision center (network operator) and compromised (anomalous) nodes and their possible actions, the problem is formulated as a two-player zero-sum game. Under this setting, we attempt to discover the worst possible failure models and best possible operating strategies.

First, the effect of sensor unreliability on detection performance is investigated, and robust detection schemes are proposed. The aim is to design robust detectors when some observation nodes malfunction. The detection problem is relatively well known under the probabilistic model in simple binary hypotheses testing with known saddle-point solutions. The detection problem is investigated under the mini-max framework for the static settings as no such saddle point solutions are shown to exist under these settings.

In the robust estimation, results in estimation theory are presented to measure system robustness and performance. The estimation theory covers probabilistic and static component failure models. Besides the standard approaches of robust estimation under the frequentist settings where the interesting parameters are fixed but unknown, the estimation problem under the Bayes settings is considered where the prior probability distribution is known. After first establishing the general framework, comprehensive results on the particular case of a single node network are presented under the probabilistic settings. Based on the insights from the single node network, we investigate the robust estimation problem for the general network for both failure models. A few robust localization methods are presented as an extension of robust estimation theory at the end.
Improving the Sensitivity of Colorimetric DNA Sensors via Catalytic Disassembly of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Paulus Crystal Faiz
Published: December 2022

Biotechnology is quickly progressing in the medical field; however, its applicability is limited by the lack of early detection in a few diseases/cancers, which is essential for effective care. Since biotechnology is rising, sensitive detection approaches are increasingly developed with gold nanoparticles (NPs). One technique commonly used for DNA amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which can be used to diagnose a variety of diseases and cancers. The shortcomings of PCR are that it requires sensitive enzymes, expensive equipment such as a thermocycler, and employees being trained on this equipment, which makes this process very time-consuming. Because of these disadvantages, this method is inapt as a simple procedure for DNA amplification. Previous sensor designs used nanoparticle aggregation-based methods via plasmonic coupling to exploit the colorimetric properties of gold NPs. However, few possibilities have been explored in which nanoparticle aggregates are formed first and then disassembled via catalytic DNA networks in the presence of a target sequence. In this work, a non-enzymatic, simple technique is proposed via catalytic disassembly of the DNA reaction mechanism. Our catalytic DNA network can be used as a colorimetric DNA sensor by implementing gold NPs onto a polymer microbead. This allows the gold nanoparticle linkages to be released at minimal detectable concentrations from the polymer microbead, and the resultant colorimetric change can be detected in the supernatant without using costly instrumentation. The primary objective of this project is to create a disassembly-based colorimetric sensor system that can elicit a measurable signal when small segments of nanoparticles disassemble into a solution. Two colorimetric sensor designs as well as two gold NP sizes were prepared and tested to find the combination that produced the lowest detection limit. Results have been reported, and the minimum amount of detectable DNA signal was as low as 0.2 nM. A low enough detection limit could potentially allow researchers to distinguish trace amounts of analytes that are characteristic of a variety of diseases.
Making in the Midst of Pandemic
Authors: Woods Stacey
Published: December 2022

This qualitative research explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on makerspaces in the United States which were subject to public
health guidelines and challenged with limited/no access to facilities. This multi-case study examined two public library makerspaces,
and addressed these research questions: (1) How did the pandemic affect makerspace operations and access, and the teaching and learning
that occurs there? (2) How did makerspace leaders respond to the challenges of the pandemic? (3) How did makerspaces evolve during the
COVID-19 pandemic? I developed the Conceptual Framework for Studying the Impact of Pandemic on Public Library Makerspaces which
informed the research questions and functioned as template for the research. I collected data digitally and used qualitative coding for within- and cross-case analysis. Findings indicated that the makerspaces shifted from a physical to a virtual setting using community of practice elements. Makerspace staff responded to challenges by reallocating or seeking alternate funding, embracing virtual opportunities to engage patrons in events and instruction, implementing online scheduling calendars, and restructuring services to offer maximum events/access. The makerspaces evolved in terms of staffing, funding, operations, equipment, and offerings. Findings support makerspaces as communities of practice. The study informs makerspace professionals who are adapting to change.
A new Jackknifing ridge estimator for logistic regression model
Authors: Algamal Zakariya Y , Hammood Nawal
Published: December 2022

The ridge regression model has been consistently demonstrated to be an attractive shrinkage method to reduce the effects of multicollinearity. The logistic regression model is a well-known model in application when the response variable is binary data. However, it is known that multicollinearity negatively affects the variance of maximum likelihood estimator of the logistic regression coefficients. To address this problem, a logistic ridge estimator has been proposed by numerous researchers. In this paper, a new Jackknifing logistic ridge estimator (NLRE) is proposed and derived. The idea behind the NLRE is to get diagonal matrix with small values of diagonal elements that leading to decrease the shrinkage parameter and, therefore, the resultant estimator can be better with small amount of bias. Our Monte Carlo simulation results suggest that the NLRE estimator can bring significant improvement relative to other existing estimators. In addition, the real application results demonstrate that the NLRE estimator outperforms both logistic ridge estimator and maximum likelihood estimator in terms of predictive performance.
Bayesian Estimation of Transmuted Lomax Mixture Model with an Application to Type-I Censored Windshield Data
Authors: Mehdi Muntazir , Aslam Muhammad , Feroze Navid
Published: December 2022

Transmuted distributions have been centered of focus for researchers recently due to their flexibility and applicability in statistics. However, the only few contributions have considered estimation for mixture of transmuted lifetime models especially under Bayesian methods has been explored more recently. We have considered the Bayesian estimation of transmuted Lomax mixture model (TLMM) for type-I censored samples. The Bayes estimates (BEs) for informative and non-informative priors. The BEs and posterior risks (PRs) are evaluated using four different loss functions (LFs), two symmetric and two asymmetric, namely the squared error loss function (SELF), precautionary loss function (PLF), weighted balance loss function (WBLF), and general entropy loss function (GELF). Simulations are run using Lindley Approximation method to compare the BEs under various sample sizes and censoring rates. The estimates under informative prior and GELF were found superior to their counterparts. The applicability of the proposed estimates has been illustrated using the analysis of a real data regarding type-I censored failure times of windshields airplanes.
Contraceptive awareness in post-natal patients in KIMS, Bangalore
Authors: Krishnegowda Smitha , Bhandari Ishwarya
Published: December 2022

Background: Family planning can avert more than 30% of maternal deaths and 10% of child mortality if couples spaced their pregnancies more than two years apart. India was the first country in the world to launch the family planning programme in 1951. There exists a KAP gap i.e.  a gap between knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding contraception. Healthcare workers have an important role to play to acknowledge the importance and right concept of contraception among married couples. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, awareness, and perception of contraception among postnatal women.Methods: A questionnaire-based study was conducted among postnatal inpatients and outpatients from September 2021 to November 2021. All postnatal patients in this hospital, willing to participate in the study, after a thorough written informed consent, patients were given pre decided questions for answering. Answers were noted, counselling was done.Results:  Out of 200 women, 97% of the women were aware of at least 1 contraceptive method, the highest being of female sterilization (91%). The 22% of women have used contraception before. The 78% of women had never used contraception before, main reason was that they wanted to conceive (46%) followed by fear of side effects (29%). Regarding willingness to use the contraception after counselling, female sterilization (32%) was the preferred method followed by copper-T (22%). The most common source of information was by relatives was 33%.Conclusions: There is a large gap between the awareness and practice of contraception. Proper education of both partners, increasing female literacy, socio economic upliftment, effective health care system is needed. After delivery, during immediate postpartum period, maximum women wish for contraception Hence these women can be served by family planning services before discharge from hospital to ensure the acceptance of contraceptive practices among them. This would curb unwanted pregnancies and its future consequences.
A cross-sectional study on gender-based violence among adolescents attending government colleges in urban area of Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh
Authors: S. Priyadharshini , R. Sowmya Pallavi , T. Siva Kala , J. Pavan Kumari , G. Ravi Prabhu
Published: December 2022

Background: Gender-based violence (GBV) is one of the most prevalent forms of human rights violations in the world. Across the globe, women and girls-especially adolescents-face the greatest risk. Age-stratified GBV data on adolescents is lacking in India. Approximately 1 in 3 women worldwide may experience physical or sexual violence in her lifetime. In this background the present study was conducted to find out prevalence of GBV among college going adolescents in urban area of Tirupati.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among college going adolescents aged 16-19 years in four government colleges in urban area of Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh from November 2021 to December 2021. Details on socio demographic characteristics and history related to GBV were collected by personal interview using a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive data was summarized in percentages and Chi-square test was used to test the association.Results: A total of 263 students participated in the study with mean age of 18.15±1.01 years, majority being females (54%). About 36.5% faced at least one form of GBV so far. The most common form of violence faced by study subjects was physical (28.1%) followed by psychological violence (17.5%). Physical, sexual and psychological violence was found to be 17.8%, 1.9%, 11.0% in females and 10.3%, 0.7%, 6.5% among males respectively.Conclusion: The present study shows that both male and female are victims of GBV but little higher prevalence was found in females.
Simultaneous bilateral choanal and nasopharyngeal stenosis in an adult patient: case report and treatment approach
Authors: Azevedo Catia , Moreira Filipa , Mar Fernando M. , Rios Guilherme , Ribeiro Carla , Vilarinho Sérgio , Dias Luís
Published: December 2022

Choanal and nasopharyngeal stenosis in adults are extremely rare. They usually are detected and treated in pediatric age as they typically result from congenital malformations. In adulthood, they mostly result from acquired causes such as iatrogenic trauma after surgeries, infectious or autoimmune diseases, or radiotherapy. However, sometimes it is not possible to determine the exact etiology. Treatment is challenging, with restenosis being the most feared and frequent complication. With this case report, we aimed to highlight the diagnostic and treatment approaches for choanal and nasopharyngeal stenoses in adults. We present a 61-year-old patient with persistent bilateral nasal obstruction and discharge, snoring, and recurrent frontal headaches for years which turned out to be a bilateral choanal and nasopharyngeal stenosis. Previously, the patient had been diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis without any other relevant medical history. Additionally, no previous surgical procedures or radiation therapy were found to be associated with the etiology. The patient was treated with surgery. A combined modality of trans-nasal endoscopic excision of choanal and nasopharynx fibrous tissue using cold cutting instruments and posterior septectomy followed by the topical application of Mitomycin-C, without stenting, was an effective option.
BIDEconomics Colombia: panorama de oportunidades
Authors: Gutiérrez Juárez Priscilla , Larrahondo Cristhian
Published: December 2022

Este producto es el resultado de un análisis técnico exhaustivo para identificar los retos estructurales más apremiantes de Colombia y las oportunidades que tiene el país para lograr un crecimiento más inclusivo y sostenible.
Une approche spatiale pour analyser l’insécurité alimentaire dans le département du Nord-Ouest d’Haïti
Authors: Giles Álvarez Laura , Vargas-Moreno Juan Carlos , Mejía Alejandra , Patel Aastha , Jean-Baptiste Nerlyne
Published: December 2022

Cette étude présente une analyse de l’insécurité alimentaire et de ses facteurs sous-jacents dans le département du Nord-Ouest en Haïti. Ce département est l’un des plus vulnérable et le plus touché par l’insécurité alimentaire en Haïti, avec 55 % de la population ayant besoin d’une assistance urgente (IPC 2022). L’aide du Cadre intégré des phases de la sécurité alimentaire (IPC) et du Cadre de sécurité alimentaire (BID 2018) de la Banque Interaméricaine de développement (BID), cet article présente une analyse géo-spatiale, complétée par un examen d’autres facteurs socioéconomiques, pour donner un aperçu de ce qui aggrave cette crise alimentaire et des domaines les plus urgents à traiter. Les résultats montrent que le déclin de la production nationale - qui a été entravée par des infrastructures et des financements inadéquats, l’insécurité et les catastrophes naturelles - s’est produit parallèlement aux perturbations de la chane d’approvisionnement internationale, affectant les importations conjointement avec les recettes provenant de laide. L’ensemble de ces facteurs a un effet négatif sur la disponibilité de la nourriture. Les contraintes d’approvisionnement, les restrictions de mobilité, les chocs de prix et les risques pour les revenus durables ont également un impact négatif sur l’accès à la nourriture. Les difficultés d’accès à l’eau potable et aux infrastructures sanitaires, ainsi que le manque de diversité au niveau des régimes alimentaires, entravent également l’utilisation de la nourriture, décrite comme la disponibilité d’aliments de qualité nécessaires pour atteindre un statut nutritionnel adéquat. En outre, la stabilité alimentaire n’est pas garantie en raison des problèmes liés aux dotations naturelles de la région, au manque ou à la faible capacité des infrastructures d’irrigation, à la vulnérabilité aux chocs climatiques, aux fluctuations des prix et à l’insécurité. Sur la base de ces résultats, ce document recommande 23 actions visant à augmenter l’accès aux services de base, à promouvoir une nutrition adéquate, à soutenir une agriculture productive et durable et à accroître la résilience aux chocs et aux fluctuations inhérentes à l’écosystème alimentaire. Plus important encore, le déploiement efficace de ces mesures nécessitera une approche coordonnée à tous les niveaux administratifs de ltatocal et national, en collaboration avec le secteur privé et la communauté des donateurs.
Responsiveness and Adaptability of Housing Spatial Design to New Emerging Functions: The Case of COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Itma Mohammed , Monna Sameh
Published: December 2022

The paper aims to measure the ability of housing design in Palestine to respond to any emerging functions and needs and the ability to adapt to new and possible sudden lifestyle changes. Four different interior house types were analyzed, two refer to the traditional approach of the closed plan, and another two types refer to the modern approaches of the open plan in terms of adaptation to new needs. These needs are adaptability to work from home, flexibility to change, separate or merge functions, and the adaptability to respond to health issues like quarantine. The study adopts the method of architectural analysis and questionnaire to measure people's opinions about all types in terms of sudden functions. The study takes the COVID-19 pandemic conditions as a case study. The main finding of the study is establishing a relationship between style of housing spatial design and the ability for adapting sudden changes in lifestyle. It shows that the traditional designs adapt to most changing lifestyles successfully, the independent guest room was converted into an office or guaranteed room. Moreover, the modern open plan house design with a T shape of the day wing is the best choice for adapting to the post-COVID-19.
The Analysis of Sub-National Fiscal Risk in Indonesia
Authors: Wibowo Tri , Siregar Hermanto , Rustiadi Ernan , Hardiyanto Arif Tri
Published: December 2022

A Fiscal Risk Management will increase fiscal sustainability in the nation development. The International Monetary Fund revealed that one source of fiscal risk for the government is Sub-national Risk or a fiscal pressure which came from the local governments. Until 2021, the Government of Indonesia has not assessed the Sub-national fiscal risk as a source of fiscal risk in the preparation of the State Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBN). This study aims to propose a sub-national fiscal risk assessment model and carried out an assessment of the risk level in the provincial governments, and analyzed it for the year 2023. The data used was The Budget Realization Report and Balance Sheet of the Provincial Government for the year 2015 - 2020. The method used is literature study, quantitative descriptive analysis, and forecasting time series analysis. The results of this study are the definition of subnational fiscal risk, a measurement formula, and a map of Indonesia's subnational fiscal risk. The Local Government which lowest fiscal risk in the year 2023 is DKI Jakarta and the highest fiscal risk is DI Aceh. A deeper analysis shows the results that regions with the Trade development sector have better fiscal management and lower levels of fiscal risk. This study provides new insights for the Government of Indonesia in develop a strategy to improve a fiscal capacity of local government and the formulation of policies regarding the financial balance between central government and local government.