bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Characteristics Of Concrete With The Addition Of Integral Waterproof Using Local Aggregate East Kalimantan
Authors: Jamal Mardewi , Jazir Alkas M , Haryanto Budi , Rasyid Ahmad
Published: August 2022

Nowadays, there are various ways to deal with leaks in concrete. One way that is often used to deal with leaks is to provide a waterproofing or waterproofing layer on the surface of the floor or wall. Along with technological developments, research on the quality of concrete waterproofing continues to be improved. One of them is the use of Concrete Integral waterproofing, which is a mixture of concrete that is added with integral waterproofing to minimize water penetration into the concrete, thereby increasing the concrete’s impermeability and protecting the concrete against leakage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding Integral waterproofing to the compressive and tensile strength of concrete and to determine the optimum level of addition of Integral waterproofing. The aggregates used are Palu coarse aggregate and Kalimantan local fine aggregate to utilize the natural resources in East Kalimantan. Addition of Integral Waterproofing into the concrete mixture with a percentage of 0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2% of the cement weight. Concrete testing was carried out at the age of 28 days by testing its mechanical properties, namely compressive strength and tensile strength. Based on research results, for concrete that uses Mahakam fine aggregate, the highest compressive strength value at 2% addition is 34.73 MPa, and the highest tensile strength value at 2% addition is 2.38 MPa. And for concrete that uses Sambera fine aggregate, the highest compressive strength value at 2% addition is 30.91 MPa, and the highest tensile strength value at 1.5% addition is 2.34 Mpa.
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) Simulation in Sunter River Using Non Orthogonal Water Quality Model Transport
Authors: Martdianto Rommy , Muin Muslim , Lukman Tawekal Ricky , Bahari Muslim Arung , Nur Alam Heru
Published: August 2022

Water pollution problem in Jakarta has been going on for a long time. The existence of some rivers that are not directly connected to upstream in the tidal area can speed up the occurrence of water pollution and slow the circulation of polluted waste that affects water quality in river-estuary. Since 2010 after Kanal Banjir Timur (KBT) operated, Sunter River streamflow was divided by KBT, changes flow rate and water quality pattern. The study area is the main channel of the Sunter River which has 17 km lengths includes Duren Sawit, Pulo Gadung, Kelapa Gading, Plumpang, Rawa Badak and Tanjung Priok Area where the average water load is 624 mg/L. The simulation is divided into 2 scenarios with a flowrate configuration of 5 m3/s and 100 m3/s (with a raining condition of 1 hour). MuQuald3D, a three-dimensional water quality model, has been employed in this research. The merit of this model is that it can accurately predict water pollution load within the surface layer and the bottom layer and can be shown in contour profile which is effective and efficient guidance to solve the water quality problems along Sunter river-estuary. The model results show the effect of salinity will gradually reduce BOD concentration, and the existence of permanent construction around estuary (breakwater, port) changes pollutant distribution to the West and East area and increases the time of decomposition in waters, especially in low flowrate conditions.
System Dynamic Simulation to Determine The Effect Of Water Consumption on Land Subsidence During Covid-19 Pandemic in Jakarta
Authors: Irawan Diki Surya , Nursetyowati Prismita , Nova Maria Cintya , Maulina Sarah
Published: August 2022

Excessive groundwater extraction is believed to be one of the main factors for land subsidence which may be caused by tidal flooding due to the position of the surface which is lower than sea level. Covid-19 pandemic that has occurred in Indonesia since March 2020 has caused changes in water consumption patterns which derives from piped water and groundwater. There are many offices and industries that implement work from home (WFH) makes many buildings have a declining occupancy rate. With the decrease in the occupancy rate of the WFH policy, there will be a possibility that groundwater consumption from high-rise buildings that draw groundwater from deep aquifers can be reduced. This research is in the form of modelling and simulation that is used to build a level of understanding on a whole system as well as the interrelationships and interactions between its constituent variables. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of groundwater consumption during Covid-19 pandemic on land subsidence in Jakarta using the dynamic system simulation method. The results showed that the work from home policy reduces groundwater consumption by 64.7%. In addition, the reduction in groundwater consumption during the Covid-19 pandemic caused land subsidence in Jakarta slows down and the rate of land subsidence in Jakarta decreased from 3.7 cm/year to 1 cm/year.
Analysis of behavioral factors in the spread of COVID-19 in Coblong District, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia.
Authors: Oginawati Katharina , Nathanael Rinaldy Jose , Pasaribu Udjianna Sekteria , Mukhaiyar Utriweni , Humam Afif , Ilmi Nisa Fadlilah Fathul
Published: August 2022

This study aims to assess community habits regarding the spread of COVID-19 in Coblong District. The research method used is by conducting a survey to the respondents. Respondents who were included in the study were 50 people from 38 houses. Respondents consisted of 30 COVID-19 survivors and 20 respondents as a control group who had never been infected with COVID-19. The preventive behavior studied consisted of 6 aspects, namely wearing masks, washing hands with soap, maintaining distance, avoiding crowds, reducing mobility, and room disinfection. The results obtained are that all preventive behavior factors have a negative correlation with COVID-19 cases except for the level of mobility which has a positive or unidirectional relationship between a person’s level of mobility and COVID-19 cases with a value of 0.306. Spearman correlation coefficient r were investigated for each elements of preventive behavior on cases and four behaviors found to be significantly correlated with cases (p<0.062). Logistic regression was used to further investigate and predict the infection risk with significant factors as predictors. The logistic regression model showed that 33.2% of cases in Coblong are caused by its relationship with preventive behaviors.
Study of Lerak (Sapindus Rarak) Biochar Application for Andosol Agricultural Soil Remediation
Authors: Arum Sekar , Wikaningrum Temmy
Published: August 2022

Andosol is a type of soil that has a high nutrient content and is suitable for agricultural land. However, the use of pesticides in farming to increase and protect production from physical defects can cause a decrease in andosol soil quality. This study aims to determine whether the application of lerak biochar can improve the quality of andosol soil on the parameters of pH, organic carbon and total nitrogen based on the Soil Quality Standard of the Indonesian Agricultural Environmental Research Institute in 2009. The experiment was carried out by applying 0.805 g of biochar to 2 kg of andosol soil that already add by urea, KCl, insecticides and fungicides in standard dosages. The results showed that the quality of the andosol soil increased from the acidic category to slightly acidic in the pH category (6.01). The medium category became high for organic carbon (4.85%) and the medium category became high for total nitrogen (0.58%). This statement is evidenced by the results of the t-test which shows that there is no difference between the average value of each parameter and the respective standards. This means that the value meets the existing standard category.
The properties of rolled compacted concrete as a preservation material
Authors: Utomo A B , Primaswari G
Published: August 2022

In Indonesia the frequency of road damage’s repairing (like pothole, unsmooth, uneven, and crack) is increasing every year and takes precedence when the damage is still early in small size. In rainy conditions, practically the activity of patching the hole can not be done while usually many holes occur during the rainy season. The study was conducted to evaluate the optimal composition of Rolled Compacted Concrete (RCC) materials as a road-repaired material on a laboratory scale. RCC is a type of concrete that is compacted with mechanic equipment (like vibrator roller and plate tamper). This compacting method is like the application of cold mix asphalt on road preservations. It was found that using RCC with cement content minimum of 18%, adding 2,0% of viscocrete to the weight of cement, and w/c ratio 0,3 will produce compressive strength 10 MPa in a day. The average value of RCC density is 2270 kg/m3 so its classified as normal concrete. From economical analysis, RCC production cost more efficien 5% compared to ordinary concrete at the sama quality and age. The application of RCC can increase the efficiency of worker and equipment component in range 35-85%.
Role of Non-Orthogonal Hydrodynamic and Sedimentation Model for Port Facilities Analysis on Port of Kuala Tanjung
Authors: Muin M , Sihombing R , Hermawan M W , Muslim A B , Alam H N
Published: August 2022

The port-channel and the availability of piers are strongly influenced by physical environmental conditions such as sea current, sea tide, sediment transport, and wave. The best size of vessel and pier length depends on the location’s demand and sea environment. The uncertainty of these environmental factors results in the low efficiency of port infrastructure, the load factor for back cargo, and the reliability level of port users. This paper presents the role of MuHydro3D and MuSed3D software, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic, and sedimentation models to determine the best vessel size. Using a non-orthogonal curvilinear coordinate technique, also known as the boundary-fitted technique, MuHydro3D and MuSed3D can accurately and quickly simulate the environmental conditions at the port. Knowledge of environmental conditions is expected to be an accurate basis in determining the depth and dredging duration, pier length, ship size, or the need of breakwater. The Port of Kuala Tanjung is one of Indonesia’s designated international hubs and was chosen as the case study in this paper. The result shows that the sedimentation rate of dredging for a vessel with up to 3,000 TEUs capacity is not too sensitive. Moreover, a vessel design with an approximate capacity of 3,000 TEUs is the optimum size from the pier length aspect.
Development of seismic map for offshore platform design in Indonesia, case study of the North Coast of Java
Authors: Hendriyawan  , Aditramulyadi D D , Tawekal R L , Rildova
Published: August 2022

Indonesia’s design of earthquake-resistant offshore platforms does not yet have specific regulations. The commonly used standard in Indonesia, API RP 2A WSD, does not explicitly state the earthquake return period for offshore structures. A more detailed procedure is described in ISO 19901-2:2004. Two methods are introduced in the standard. First, the simplified method allows the use of earthquake maps with a return period of 1000 years. Second, the detailed method requires a site-specific seismic hazard study to determine the return period of earthquakes. This paper presents the development of seismic hazard maps using a simplified method following ISO 19901-2:2004. The maps are prepared using the probabilistic method with a case study on the North Coast of Java. The results show that the study area falls into seismic zones 1 and 2. The seismic hazard maps can be used for earthquake resistance design for structures with exposure level L2 and L3 based on the seismic risk category following the ISO.
Removal of phthalocyanine reactive dye using plasma corona discharge
Authors: Handoko B , Notodarmojo S , Iqbal R
Published: August 2022

Phthalocyanine reactive dye is typically difficult to biodegrade in water because of its big molecular size coming from the complex metal structure of the dye. Corona plasma discharge which can produce active radical species and molecules with high oxidation potentials, shockwaves, and ultraviolet light is the potential to efficiently degrade the compounds. The experiments were carried out in a batch reactor with a capacity of 400 ml. The plasma generator used in this study had a point-plane electrode configuration with a voltage of 40 kV. The concentration of dye used as a target for degradation was 25 ppm. The reactor was operated with the addition of pure oxygen gas flowing into the reactor. The distance between electrodes and the time of exposure were varied and their removal efficiency (color and COD value) were tested. The results showed that the highest removal efficiency of the dye (83.15% and 52.32% for color removal and COD value respectively) was achieved from the experiment with an electrode distance of 4.0 cm and exposure time of 60 minutes.
Study of Hybrid Annuity Model on Indonesia Toll Road
Authors: Ramadhanti D T , Karsaman R H , Wibowo S S
Published: August 2022

Indonesia strives for toll road connectivity to push the high logistics costs and lead to economic growth. However, the expansion of toll road construction on a large-scale has cost much money. So, an innovative funding scheme must be developed to attract the private to invest in those projects. Hybrid Annuity Model is a new public-private partnership developed by the Government of India in 2016 to reduce concessionaires’ risk on toll road project funding. This study aimed to examine the compatibility of the Hybrid Annuity Model implementation on Indonesia toll road. The analysis was carried out through financial feasibility and sensitivity analysis on Serang – Panimbang toll road as the object study. Moreover, a survey was conducted to know the stakeholders’ perception of this funding scheme implemented in Indonesia. The results showed that Hybrid Annuity Model could give financial feasibility on Serang – Panimbang toll road under any changes of traffic volumes, toll fares, discount rates, investment costs, investment return period, and the investment proportion between the Government and the concessionaires. From stakeholders’ perspective, Hybrid Annuity Model could be implemented on Indonesia toll roads, especially those which were not financially feasible and located in rural areas. Furthermore, it needed some improvements and supporting regulations to be more suitable applied on Indonesia toll road.
Estimating household water consumptions in the Bandung Metropolitan area
Authors: Zevi Yuniati , Fatimah Wika Maulany , Ramdani Yusep , Habibbullah Muhammad Yusuf , Mursyida Nurdianti
Published: August 2022

The aim of this study is to determine relevant factors contributing to the water consumption in the Bandung Metropolitan area or Greater Bandung, which covered Bandung City, Cimahi City, Bandung Regency and West Bandung Regency. Towards achieving this aim, questionnaires were developed and served on the households in various communities to collect relevant data on the physical and socio-economic factors. Online questionnaires and direct survey were conducted with the number of samples proportional to the population of the Bandung Metropolitan area which is 1219 samples. Results of the study revealed that the daily average household water consumption in Bandung and Cimahi cities is 163.6 liters per person per day (lpd), Bandung Regency is 168.6 lpd, and West Bandung is 151.7 lpd, and in general was 161.26 lpd for Bandung Metropolitan. These values are higher than the standard commonly used for planning water supply systems which is 120 lpd. The factor affecting water consumptions are the type of water sources (public and private) and based on the Spearman Rho correlation test socio-economic conditions (economic level, education level, gender, and age) have a significant effect on water consumption as well. Comprehensively understanding household water consumption is necessary to design efficient and effective water demand management.
Optimizing rainwater harvesting systems for the dual purposes of water supply and runoff capture with study case in Bandung Area, West Java.
Authors: Cahyono Muhammad
Published: August 2022

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems use runoff to meet water supply demand and may also benefit runoff reduction. We develop the Rainwater Analysis and Simulation Program (RASP) model to simulate an RWH system using storage volume, roof area, irrigated area, and water demand as inputs. A cost-benefit model of RWH was developed with subject to reliability target of water supply and runoff capture in each simulation. Near-optimal solutions were identified for each case using a constrained nonlinear programming algorithm. We apply the model to evaluate the RWH system in Bandung Area, West Java. Various types of buildings, ranging from residential houses, schools, dormitories, offices, apartments, condominiums, mosques, and hospitals, are studied to provide several optimal parameters for tank volume and number of users for various land-use scenarios. The resulting parameters are obtained through optimization to get minimal RWH’s capital costs and water purchase costs by applying several criteria related to the financial feasibility of the RWH system and by keeping the runoff coefficient not exceeding the pre-development value. The simulation results can be used as a guide for planners to consider the application of RWH in several types of buildings.
Integration Of Mass Public Transport Fare In The Jakarta Area
Authors: Triana S , Sjafruddin A , Karsaman R H , Kaderi S
Published: August 2022

This study specifically discusses the concept of integrating mass public transport fares in Jakarta. Based on the identification of problems and also based on several studies of mass transportation in various cities in the world, the integration of fares can increase the number of mass public transportation ridership. This causes a change in the movement pattern of mass public transport users. An interim analysis has been carried out on a simple public transport network with the number of movements in the origin and destination matrix between stations/stops was 19,611 passengers/hour and variations in the amount of fare between IDR 2,500,-/passenger up to IDR 7,500,-/passenger (Existing average fare is IDR 4,188,-/passenger). In the optimization process, an existing operator’s revenue is an objective function. The optimization process for determining mass public transport fares is carried out recursively because it is influenced by changes in the integrated fare amount to the number of mass public transport users. The results of the optimization process show that the integrated fare of IDR 3,850/passenger (9% lowest than the average existing fare) that increasing public transport users by 3% compared to the number of passengers in the existing condition for 1 operating hour.
Research progress on improving the performance of MoS2 photodetector
Authors: Cheng Yongfa , Wan Rui , Li Li , Liu Zunyu , Yan Shuwen , Li Luying , Wang Jianbo , Gao Yihua
Published: August 2022

Two-dimensional layered materials have attracted increasing attention due to their unique structures and outstanding mechanical and physical properties. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) possess unique physical properties and optical properties that meet the basic requirements of photodetectors. As representative TMDs, MoS2 has excellent mechanical properties due to its strong covalent bonds and great elasticity. The monolayer MoS2 has a direct bandgap of around 1.8 eV. In addition, MoS2-based optoelectronic devices have high switching ratio and carrier mobility. However, due to the characteristic of atomic-scale thickness, the light-harvesting ability of layered TMDs is very weak, which largely limits the responsivity and detection rate of photodetectors, thus inhibiting the practical application of such devices. The slow photo response rate is also a problem that often occurs in TMDs devices. Researchers have reported several strategies to improve the performance of TMDs-based photodetectors. At present, there are two main optimization schemes, namely surface modification, and heterostructure construction. The utilization of metal plasmon effect and the construction of heterojunctions are both effective means to improve the performance of MoS2 photodetectors. These schemes can improve the light absorption capability of MoS2 and broaden the range of light detection. However, there are also disadvantages of the complex processes and limited enhancement effects in large-area fabrication. Therefore, it is of vital significance to further explore the response range and performance of MoS2 photodetectors.
Spectroscopic investigation on the interaction of direct yellow-27 with protein (BSA)
Authors: Bisht Babita , Dey Pinki , Singh Avinash Kumar , Pant Sanjay , Mehata Mohan Singh
Published: August 2022

Direct yellow 27 (DY-27) interaction with bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using multi-spectroscopic techniques to understand the toxicity mechanism. Fluorescence quenching of BSA by DY-27 was observed as a result of the formation of a BSA-DY27 complex with a binding constant of 1.19 × 105 M−1 and followed a static quenching mechanism with a quenching constant Ksv of 7.25 × 104 M−1. The far UV circular dichroism spectra revealed the conformational changes in the secondary structure of BSA in the presence of DY-27. The calculated average lifetime of BSA is 6.04 ns and is nearly constant (5.99 ns) in the presence of dye and supports the proposed quenching mechanism. The change in free energy (ΔG) was calculated to be −28.96 kJ mol−1 and confirmed the spontaneity of the binding process. Further, docking studies have been conducted to gain more insights into the interactions between DY-27 and serum albumin.
Gazeau-Klauder coherent states in position-deformed Heisenberg algebra
Authors: Lawson Latévi M , Osei Prince K
Published: August 2022

In this paper, we present coherent states à la Gazeau-Klauder for a free particle in square well potential within position-deformed Heisenberg algebra . These states satisfy the Klauder’s mathematical requirement to build coherent states. Some statistical properties such as the probability distribution, the intensity correlation function and the Mandel parameter are calculated and analyzed. We find that these states are sub-Poissonian in nature. We also construct for these coherent states, the even cat states and we evaluate its Wigner function which analyses the quasiprobability distribution of these states. We graphically demonstrate that these states exhibit nonclassical behavior.
Incorporating uncertainty from downscaled rainfall projections into climate resilience planning in U.S. cities
Authors: Lopez-Cantu Tania , Webber Marissa K , Samaras Constantine
Published: August 2022

The planning, design, and maintenance of stormwater infrastructure must be informed by changing rainfall patterns due to climate change. However, there is little consensus on how future climate information should be used, or how uncertainties introduced by use of different methods and datasets should be characterized or managed. These uncertainties exacerbate existing challenges to using climate information on local or municipal scales. Here we analyze major cities in the U.S., 48 of which developed climate adaptation and resilience plans. Given the prevalence of depth duration frequency (DDF) curves for planning infrastructure for rainfall, we then assessed the underlying climate information used in these 48 plans to show how DDF curves used for resilience planning and the resulting outcomes can be affected by stakeholders’ methodological choices and datasets. For rainfall extremes, many resilience plans varied by trend detection method, data preprocessing steps, and size of study area, and all used only one of the available downscaled climate projection datasets. We evaluate the implications of uncertainties across five available climate datasets and show the level of climate resilience to extreme rainfall depends on the dataset selected for each city. We produce risk matrices for a broader set of 77 U.S. cities to highlight how local resilience strategies and decisions are sensitive to the climate projection dataset used in local adaptation plans. To help overcome barriers to using climate information, we provide an open dataset of future daily rainfall values for 2-, 5-, 10-, 25-, 50-, and 100 years annual recurrence intervals for 77 cities and compare resilience outcomes across available climate datasets that each city can use for comparison and for robust resilience planning. Because of uncertainty in climate projections, our results highlight the importance of no-regret and flexible resilience strategies that can be adjusted with new climate information.
OpenConcrete: a tool for estimating the environmental impacts from concrete production
Authors: Kim Alyson , Cunningham Patrick R , Kamau-Devers Kanotha , Miller Sabbie A
Published: August 2022

As the increasing global consumption of concrete drives notable environmental burdens from its production, particularly greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, interest in mitigation efforts is increasing. Yet current environmental impact quantification tools rely on user decision-making to select data for each concrete constituent, have inconsistent scopes and system boundaries, and often utilize third-party life cycle inventories. These factors limit customization or tracking of data and hinder the ability to draw robust comparisons among concrete mixtures to mitigate its environmental burdens. To address these issues, we introduce a cohesive, unified dataset of material, energy, and emission inventories to quantify the environmental impacts of concrete. In this work, we detail the synthesis of this open dataset and create an environmental impact assessment tool using this data. Models can be customized to be region specific, expanded to varying concrete mixtures, and support data visualization throughout each production stage. We perform a scenario analysis of impacts to produce a representative concrete mixture across the United States, with results ranging from 189 kg CO2-eq/m3 of concrete (California) to 266 kg CO2-eq/m3 of concrete (West Virginia). The largest driver of GHG, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide, and volatile organic compound emissions as well as energy demand is cement production, but aggregate production is the largest driver of water consumption and particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) emissions.
Scanning probe microscopy in probing low-dimensional carbon-based nanostructures and nanomaterials
Authors: Zhang Chi , Yi Zewei , Xu Wei
Published: August 2022

Carbon, as an indispensable chemical element on Earth, has diverse covalent bonding ability, which enables construction of extensive pivotal carbon-based structures in multiple scientific fields. The extraordinary physicochemical properties presented by pioneering synthetic carbon allotropes, typically including fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene, have stimulated broad interest in fabrication of carbon-based nanostructures and nanomaterials. Accurate regulation of topology, size, and shape, as well as controllably embedding target sp
n
-hybridized carbons in molecular skeletons, is significant for tailoring their structures and consequent properties and requires atomic precision in their preparation. Scanning probe microscopy (SPM), combined with on-surface synthesis strategy, has demonstrated its capabilities in fabrication of various carbon-based nanostructures and nanomaterials with atomic precision, which has long been elusive for conventional solution-phase synthesis due to realistic obstacles in solubility, isolation, purification, etc. More intriguingly, atom manipulation via an SPM tip allows unique access to local production of highly reactive carbon-based nanostructures. In addition, SPM provides topographic information of carbon-based nanostructures as well as their characteristic electronic structures with unprecedented submolecular resolution in real space. In this review, we overview recent exciting progress in the delicate application of SPM in probing low-dimensional carbon-based nanostructures and nanomaterials, which will open an avenue for the exploration and development of elusive and undiscovered carbon-based nanomaterials.
The moduli space of marked generalized cusps in real projective manifolds
Authors: Ballas Samuel , Cooper Daryl , Leitner Arielle
Published: August 2022

ln this paper, a generalized cusp is a properly convex manifold with strictly convex boundary that is diffeomorphic to

M
×
[
0
,
∞
)

M\times [0,\infty )

where

M
M

is a closed Euclidean manifold. These are classified by Ballas, Cooper, and Leitner [J. Topol. 13 (2020), pp. 1455-1496]. The marked moduli space is homeomorphic to a subspace of the space of conjugacy classes of representations of

π
1

M

\pi _1M

. It has one description as a generalization of a trace-variety, and another description involving weight data that is similar to that used to describe semi-simple Lie groups. It is also a bundle over the space of Euclidean similarity (conformally flat) structures on

M
M

, and the fiber is a closed cone in the space of cubic differentials. For

3
3

-dimensional orientable generalized cusps, the fiber is homeomorphic to a cone on a solid torus.
Evidence for low-level translation in human erythrocytes
Authors: Kumar Sangeetha Devi , Kar Debaleena , Akhtar Md Noor , Willard Belinda , Roy Debadrita , Hussain Tanweer , Rajyaguru Purusharth I. , Eswarappa Sandeep M
Published: August 2022

It is generally believed that mature erythrocytes cannot synthesize proteins. However, this is not consistent with their long life (115 days) in circulation. Here, multiple lines of evidence are provided for low-level translation in human mature erythrocytes.
AP-4 regulates neuronal lysosome composition, function, and transport via regulating export of critical lysosome receptor proteins at the trans-Golgi network
Authors: Majumder Piyali , Edmison Daisy , Rodger Catherine , Patel Sruchi , Reid Evan , Gowrishankar Swetha
Published: August 2022

Using CRISPRi-based depletion in human iPSC-derived neurons we demonstrate that AP-4 adaptor protein complex regulates neuronal lysosome composition and function via regulating sorting of critical lysosomal protein receptors including Sortilin 1 to the organelle. AP-4 also regulates axonal endo-lysosome abundance in these human neurons.
Dynein-dependent collection of membranes defines the architecture and position of microtubule asters in isolated, geometrically confined volumes of cell-free extracts
Authors: Sami Abdullah Bashar , Gatlin Jesse C.
Published: August 2022

In discrete volumes of cell-free extract, the architecture of microtubule asters depends on feedback from the dynein-dependent collection of cytoplasmic membranes.
A-4 Executive Functioning Is an Important Predictor of Life Expectancy in Those with All-Cause Dementia
Authors: Schaffert Jeff , Goette Will , Fatima Hudaisa , LoBue Christian , Carlew Anne , Rossetti Heidi , Lacritz Laura , Cullum Munro
Published: August 2022

Objective: Neuropsychiatric, functional, motor, and demographic factors have been associated with life expectancy (LE) in those with dementia. Recent findings suggested cognition (assessed by the Mini-Mental State Exam [MMSE]) to be the strongest predictor of LE in Alzheimer’s disease (ad; Schaffert et al., 2022). We evaluated if more detailed neuropsychological scores predict LE in a larger sample of individuals with all-cause dementia.

Method: Participants were 4090 deceased individuals (Mage = 74.5, Meducation = 14.8, Male = 44%, White = 90%, Non-Hispanic = 96%) with all-cause dementia (at visit 1, ad = 78%) from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center. Three index scores [executive function/speed/attention (EFAS), language, memory] were calculated from NACC’s neuropsychological batteries. Variables (from visit 1) were entered into a forward regression model (p < 0.001 as point-of-entry) to predict days of LE, and included: age, gender, race (white/non-white), ethnicity (Hispanic/Non-Hispanic), diagnosis (ad/non-ad), abnormal neurological exam (yes/no), Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ, total score), Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q, total score), MMSE, and EFAS, language, and memory composite Z-scores.

Results: Performance on the EFAS composite explained the most variance in LE (R2 = 0.065), followed by age (R2 = 0.044), diagnosis (R2 = 0.023), FAQ (R2 = 0.016), gender (R2 = 0.012), abnormal neurological exam (R2 = 0.006), NPI-Q (R2 = 0.004), language abilities (R2 = 0.003), and Hispanic ethnicity (R2 = 0.003). Plus/minus one Z-score on the EFAS composite predicted 158 days of LE, and each year of age predicted 27 days of LE.

Conclusions: EFAS performance and age explained >10% of LE variance. The MMSE failed to predict LE in this model that included more detailed neuropsychological data. EFAS impairment may be a more important predictor of LE compared to other neurocognitive domains and cognitive screeners.
A-10 MoCA-22: Internal Consistency and Convergent Validity of The MoCA’s Auditory Items
Authors: Sabet Atash , Lord Alinda , Gonzalez David
Published: August 2022

Objective: The auditory items of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-22) have been packaged for use with visually impaired individuals or via telehealth. The goal of study is to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity of the MoCA-22 with cognition, behavioral-psychological symptoms, and instrumental activities of daily living in order to expand the clinimetric foundation of the MoCA-22.

Method: From the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center database, we extracted a diverse group (n = 11,284; mean age = 69.2 ± 10.0 years; 57.6% female; 77.9% White; education level 15.9 ± 3.0 years;) who completed the MoCA during their first visit to an ADRC. Confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, and McDonald’s omega were used to evaluate the fit and reliability of MoCA-22. Convergent/discriminant validity was evaluated via Spearman’s rho with factors derived from Version 3.0 of the Uniform Data Set’s Neuropsychological Battery (UDS3-NB), Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), and collateral-report version of Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-Q).

Results: A single-factor adequately fit the data, and reliability estimates ranged from 0.81 to 0.87, suggesting the MoCA-22 can be interpreted individually. MoCA-22 showed convergent validity, with the strongest correlations with the UDS3-NB’s “general cognition” and “executive” factors (rhos = 0.67 and 0.69). Discriminant validity was demonstrated with its weakest correlations being with behavioral-psychological symptoms (self-reported depression rho = −0.23; collateral-reported neuropsychiatric symptoms rho = −0.42).

Conclusion: The current study further supports use of the MoCA-22 when the evaluation context limits use of the MoCA’s visual items.
A-11 Cognitive Fatigue Predicts Subjective Report of Cognitive Functioning Over and Above Depression and Anxiety in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Thomas Garrett , Riegler Kaitlin E , Bradson Megan L , O'Shea Dede U , Arnett Peter A
Published: August 2022

Objective: Self-and informant-reports may be used to evaluate perceived neurocognitive functioning, such as with the Multiple Sclerosis Neuropsychological Screening Questionnaire (MSNQ). However, these measures may be influenced by depression, anxiety, and fatigue. This study aims to further examine the potential influence of affect and fatigue on MSNQ scores.

Method: 86 persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) (F = 65,M = 21) completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery that included self-report measures of anxiety, depression, fatigue, and self-reported neurocognitive function with the MSNQ-Self-Report (MSNQ-S) and MSNQ-Informant-Report (MSNQ-I). Hierarchical regressions were conducted with MSNQ-S and MSNQ-I as outcome variables and with depression, anxiety, cognitive fatigue, and physical fatigue as predictors. Predicted full-scale IQ (FSIQ) was included as a covariate.

Results: The model including only FSIQ and depression showed that depression was positively correlated with the MSNQ-S, F(2,82) = 15.12, p < 0.001, ∆R2 = 0.15. When including anxiety in the model, depression was still positively associated with the MSNQ-S, F(3,81) = 4.57, p = 0.04, as was anxiety, F(3,81) = 8.07, p = 0.006, ∆R2 = 0.07. However, when including cognitive fatigue, the relationships between the MSNQ-S and depression and anxiety were no longer significant, though cognitive fatigue was positively correlated with MSNQ-S scores, F(5,79) = 71.32, p < 0.001, ∆R2 = 0.35. The MSNQ-I was not correlated with the affective measures or physical fatigue, though there was a positive relationship between the MSNQ-I and cognitive fatigue, F(5,79) = 14.58, p < 0.001, ∆R2 = 0.14.

Conclusions: Findings suggest that cognitive fatigue impacts subjective report of neurocognitive impairment for both patients and informants. Notably, when accounting for cognitive fatigue, affective disturbance was no longer significantly associated with reported neurocognitive functioning, which highlights the importance of examining fatigue and mood in PwMS.
A-15 Impact of Lifetime Blast Exposure on Cognitive and Psychiatric Functioning of Warfighters
Authors: Bailie Jason , Brickell Tracey A , French Louis M , Hungerford Lars , Lange Rael T , Lippa Sara M
Published: August 2022

Objective: Some military occupation specialties (MOS) such as Special Forces are at high risk for lifetime blast exposure (LBE). These individuals are at risk for some medical conditions but the impact of LBE on service members and veterans (SMVs) cognitive and psychiatric function is unknown.

Methods: 281 SMVs completed an assessment of Attention/Working Memory, Processing Speed, Executive Function, Memory, and Psychiatric function. Average age was 35.86 (SD = 9.84) and 61.2% had at least moderate combat exposure and 32.4% had no history of traumatic brain injury (TBI). 61 participants had no LBE, 113 were in a high-risk MOS and had LBE (M = 211.23, SD = 395.1), and 107 were not in a high-risk MOS but had LBE (M = 92.7, SD =222.9).

Results: Cognitively, a small effect for LBE was observed on Processing Speed (p = 0.015, ηp2 = 0.037), but not for the other domains. Psychiatrically, a medium effect was observed (p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.103). Higher LBE was associated with Somatic Complaints, Low Positive Emotions and Aberrant Experiences. However, after controlling for covariates (sex, ethnicity, post-traumatic stress, combat exposure, alcohol use, and TBI) there was no impact of LBE.

Conclusion: LBE may negatively impact processing speed and psychiatric function; however, the relative impact of LBE compared to other factors such as post-traumatic stress, substance abuse, and TBI needs further investigation. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official policy or position of the Defense Health Agency or any other U.S. government agency. For more information contact dha.TBICOEinfo@mail.mil. UNCLASSIFIED.
A-16 More than Total Symptom Severity: Identifying Subtypes of Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms using Normative Data
Authors: Karr Justin E , Zuccato Brandon G , Ingram Eric O , Considine Ciaran M , Merker Bradley , Abeare Christopher A
Published: August 2022

Objective: Prior factor analyses have supported the multidimensionality of post-concussion symptoms, but the symptom total score is often interpreted alone in practice. This study examined the added value of norm-referenced post-concussion symptom subscales to detect different subtypes of symptom presentations following concussion.

Method: Adolescent student-athletes (N = 1008; 15.3 ± 1.4 years-old; 66.7% boys) with one or more prior concussions, at least 6 months post injury, completed the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale at preseason baseline. Severity ratings on four symptom subscales (i.e., cognitive, sleep-arousal, physical, and affective) were compared to normative data matched on gender and preexisting health conditions. The frequencies at which participants were elevated on one or more symptom subscales were calculated.

Results: In the total sample, 21% of student-athletes were elevated on only one symptom subscale, 11% on two subscales, 8% on three subscales, and 6% on four subscales. Among student-athletes with a single elevated subscale, all symptom domains had similar frequencies of elevation. No differences in symptom elevations were found based on gender or number of prior concussions.

Conclusion(s): A single-domain symptom elevation was the most common post-concussion symptom presentation among a cohort of adolescent student-athletes, with 26% of student-athletes elevated on a single subscale but not the total symptom score. These findings indicate that there are subtypes of post-concussion symptom presentations that would be missed through an interpretation of a total symptom severity score alone.
A-2 Neuropsychological and Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Following Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration
Authors: Guilday Corinne , Lacy Maureen
Published: August 2022

Objective: Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration (HOD) is a rare neurological condition causing hypertrophy and eventual degeneration of the inferior olivary nucleus via transneuronal degeneration in the dentato-rubro-olivary pathway (DROP), or Guillain–Mollaret triangle. HOD is considered unique because the olive initially becomes hypertrophic rather than atrophic. Etiology is often cerebral vascular insult, cavernous malformation, surgical resection, and neurological disease, albeit cause may be unclear. While the neurologic and imaging findings have been well delineated in the literature, few studies investigate the neuropsychological impact.

Methods: With consent, a review of the medical chart was conducted of a 39-year-old female with hypertension referred for assessment due to progressive cognitive, motor, and psychiatric symptoms.

Results: Physical symptoms included progressive limb and trunk ataxia, palatal tremor, and opsoclonus myoclonus that plateaued within 4 years. Initial Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed bilateral, nonenhancing hyperintensity of the pontomedullary junction and enlargement of the inferior olive. Subsequent MRI displayed cerebellar atrophy. Cognitive assessment documented significant executive, language, spatial and fine motor dexterity deficits, alongside depression, anxiety, emotional blunting, and passive suicidality. She reported believing her neighbors were listening and following her in public. She remained semi-independent in daily living.

Conclusions: This is the first case study that captures the neurocognitive profile associated with HOD and associated degeneration of DROP. This case highlights the potential for Cognitive Cerebellar Affective Syndrome (CCAS) to arise from damage to adjacent cerebellar pathways via transneuronal degeneration of brainstem circuits. It also provides evidence for the presence of delusions within CCAS as dysmetria of thought.
A-100 A Mini-Meta Analysis on Alzheimer’s Disease and Aggression/Agitation Behaviors
Authors: Gallegos Adrianna C , Shields Michelle , Singer Gage , Thayer Rachel E
Published: August 2022

Objective: This meta-analysis used primary studies that examined gender differences and behavior disturbances observed in Alzheimer’s disease (ad). Aggression/agitation behaviors become prevalent in advanced cases, with anxiety and problematic conduct more likely in men and sleep and mood disturbances in women, which can adversely impact cognition, rate of decline, and functionality (Lee et al., 2017). Therefore, this analysis hypothesized that men with ad are more likely to report aggression/agitation symptomology than women.

Data Selection: Inclusionary criteria of primary studies (N = 6) dictated that each must have researched ad samples, included measures of aggression/agitation, and reported mean differences between genders, allowing for Cohen’s d calculations, with searches conducted in February 2022. Cohen’s d was used for summary effects.

Data Synthesis: This analysis utilized a weighted random-effects model for summary synthesis. This model effectively synthesizes real-world data because it assumes variation in estimates comes from multiple sources rather than one true value, indicating heterogeneity. The resulting summary effect (N = 1575, Cohen’s d = 0.09, Z test = 1.24, p-value = 0.213) indicated statistical non-significance, such that gender differences were not observed on average.

Conclusions: This analysis suggests that differences between gender and aggressive/agitated behavior are not robust. Mixed results among the primary studies suggest that gender differences may exist in ad-related behavior. Still, few studies met the inclusion criteria of this analysis as they did not examine or provide mean differences for gender or provide data required to calculate an effect size. Future research should include other facets of behavior for a more comprehensive meta-analysis.
A-103 Predicting Time to Loss of Independent Living in Alzheimer’s Clinical Syndrome
Authors: Helphrey Jessica H , Fatima Hudaisa , Conley Michael , Sawyer Jennifer , Schaffert Jeffrey , Palka Jayme , Rossetti Heidi , Carlew Anne , Cullum Munro , Lacritz Laura , Hart John , LoBue Christian
Published: August 2022

Objective: Estimating when full time care will be needed in Alzheimer’s Clinical Syndrome (ACS) is difficult. This is due to limited research identifying the factors associated with loss of independent living (LOI), which may differ across dementia stages. Thus, we examined which clinical and neuropsychological factors predict LOI in the early-to-middle and late stages of ACS.

Method: Using the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center dataset, individuals with ACS aged ≥50 years with no prior stroke were studied. LOI was based on self/informant report of progressing from requiring some assistance with complex activities at ACS diagnosis to needing assistance with basic activities. Four survival analyses were conducted to predict LOI (M time to LOI = 3.6 visits), for the early-to-middle (MMSE at diagnosis ≥20; N = 3128) and late stages of ACS (MMSE≤19; N = 737). Fifteen clinical predictors at time of ACS diagnosis were examined, followed by neuropsychological test scores added to the models.

Results: In early-to-middle ACS, a faster time to LOI was predicted by incontinence, apathy, delusions, and anxiety, along with poorer processing speed, memory, category fluency, and executive function scores (p < 0.05). In the late dementia stage, incontinence, delusions, and lower processing speed predicted faster time to LOI (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Factors gathered at the time of ACS diagnosis from a clinical interview and neuropsychological assessment are predictive of time to LOI, with few differences for the early-to-middle and late stages of ACS. Developing an algorithm to estimate time to LOI will be important for future research to aid in planning future care for individuals with ACS.