bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tecnologías transcriptómicas y su potencial en la gestión del chancro resinoso del pino
Authors: Zamora Cristina , Martín-García Jorge , Diez Casero Julio Javier
Published: October 2023

El chancro resinoso del pino es una grave enfermedad que afecta a Pinus spp. y Pseudotsuga menziesii en todo el mundo. Varios factores han contribuido a la propagación de la enfermedad a todos estos continentes, siendo el más importante el comercio internacional de material vegetal de reproducción. A pesar de su importancia, no se dispone de medidas eficaces para erradicar o controlar la enfermedad ni en los viveros ni en el monte. En esta tesis se llevó a cabo una recopilación de información actual sobre las vías de propagación del patógeno, proponiendo mecanismos preventivos para evitar su introducción en zonas libres de la enfermedad. Proponemos más investigación sobre el posible papel de los micovirus como agentes de control biológico, explorando nuevos métodos de transfección con micovirus de F. circinatum. Utilizamos las tecnologías transcriptómicas que, además de permitirnos estudiar el efecto de un micovirus en su hongo hospedante a nivel molecular, nos proporcionaron información útil sobre los genes, las transcripciones, y sus funciones asociadas a las interacciones planta-patógeno. Mediante el uso de RNA-Seq y especies susceptibles y resistentes a F. circinatum, identificamos los genes y vías metabólicas asociados a caracteres de resistencia de la enfermedad y presentamos un mapa completo de los ARNlnc durante la infección del patógeno. Nuestros hallazgos sobre los mecanismos reguladores implicados en la defensa de los hospedantes permitirán la optimización de los programas de mejora genética para la comercialización de pinos resistentes al PPC.
Conservar aprovechando: oportunidades y retos del siglo XXI
Authors: Tolosana Esteban Eduardo
Published: October 2023

El ser humano - e incluso otras especies próximas -, como parte de la naturaleza, han utilizado los recursos naturales desde épocas prehistóricas, tanto a través del fuego como herramienta de cambio de su entorno como para aprovecharlos de forma directa, inicialmente mediante su recolección y la caza. El uso de la madera como material agrícola y de construcción y, sobre todo, como combustible, acabó llevando a su escasez, ante la que la incipiente ciencia forestal creó el concepto de sostenibilidad y las bases de la dasonomía, convirtiendo al aprovechamiento ordenado en una base de la conservación de los bosques. Este aprovechamiento se ha desarrollado tecnológicamente, sobre todo desde la revolución industrial, hacia una creciente mecanización. Además, en las últimas décadas, está incorporando la digitalización y la automatización, entre otras innovaciones que contribuyen a hacerlo más eficiente pero también más respetuoso con el medio ambiente. El presente trabajo ofrece un recorrido por la historia de esa evolución técnica – describiendo cuantitativa y cualitativamente por primera vez la situación actual de la mecanización del aprovechamiento forestal en España - y trata las perspectivas futuras de su desarrollo. En este momento del siglo XXI nos encontramos con sólidas oportunidades (por la necesidad de herramientas para una nueva gestión adaptada al cambio climático y la mitigación de los riesgos que conlleva, pero sobre todo por la nueva bioeconomía con una demanda creciente de madera para productos sostenibles de alto valor añadido, y por las crecientes posibilidades de aplicación de nuevas tecnologías a las propias operaciones del aprovechamiento). Pero también debemos afrontar retos importantes, de carácter social (falta de profesionales, incomprensión o rechazo por la opinión pública urbana) y de carácter técnico y económico (necesidad de reducción de los impactos ambientales desfavorables y de los costes de los aprovechamientos, especialmente en los bosques con restricciones medioambientales, los situados en fuertes pendientes, los de árboles pequeños o especies no comerciales y los matorrales). Recorreremos algunas soluciones que se exploran en el momento actual para aprovechar esas oportunidades y afrontar esos retos, no solamente a través de innovaciones tecnológicas sino también de iniciativas relacionadas con la comunicación social y la educación.
On Third-Order Differential Subordinations and Superordinations Results for Univalent Analytic Functions Defined by a New Operator
Authors: Salamah Ali
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In the current paper, we obtain sandwich theorems for univalent functions by using some of the finding of Third-order differential subordination and superordination for  univalent  functions defined by a new  operator  .
Face Recognition approach via Deep and Machine Learning
Authors: N. Kadhim Ola
Published: September 2023

Face recognition is a biometric technology that involves identifying and verifying individuals based on their facial features. It finds applications in security, surveillance, and user authentication systems. The extraction of facial image features and classifier selection are more challenging to identify with conventional facial recognition technologies, and the recognition rate is lower. The paper present proposed model combined between deep wavelet scattering transform network regarding the extraction of features and machine learning for classification purposes. The proposed model consists four stage: obtaining images, performing pre-processing, extracting features, and then applying classification techniques. using both SoftMax classifier (part of deep learning model) and Support Vector Machine classifier (SVM). We used property collected dataset called MULB dataset. The experimental result shows that SVM classifier provide better results than SoftMax classifier. The results from the experiments conducted on the MULB face database showcased the efficacy of the suggested face recognition approach. The proposed method achieved an outstanding recognition accuracy of 98.29% with SVM classifier and 97.87% with SoftMax classifier.
Some Result of Triple Fiber Bundle
Authors: Kadhim Nabaa , Daher Al Baydli
Published: September 2023

The aim of this paper to introduce and and study  new concepts of the Triple fiber bundle, Triple local Serre fibration, Triple path lifting property, and prove that the Triple Hurewicz (Serre)  fiber bundle  over paracompact base space is a Triple Hurewicz (Serre) fibration.
ASSESSING THE COST STRUCTURE, INCOME, AND EFFICIENCY OF RED CHILI FARMING IN KAYU ARO DISTRICT, KERINCI REGENCY, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR RURAL GOVERNMENT POLICIES
Authors: Ulma Riri Oktari , Damayanti Yusma , Elwamendri  , Asropi  , Effran Endy
Published: September 2023

This research aims to describe a general overview of red chili farming in Kayu Aro Sub-district and Kerinci Regency generally, analyze the cost structure and income and the feasibility of red chili farming, and to analysis implementation to rural goverment. This research was conducted in Kayu Aro Sub-district, specifically in Batang Sangir and Sungai Tanduk villages. The number sampled in this study was 54 farmers. Both primary and secondary data were utilized. The data analysis methods used were descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis. The research shows that red chili farming in the research area is a traditional practice that has been passed down through generations and remains deeply rooted in the culture. Consequently, all basic farming activities are based on traditional experiences. The first step in red chili farming is seed preparation, where farmers use local seeds known as LOKER (Local Kerinci), obtained from previous harvests, eliminating the need to purchase seeds. Generally, red chili farmers in the research location have small land holdings where they own on average 0.18 hectares. The red chili farming maintenance activities include transplanting, staking, weeding, fertilization, as well as pest and disease control.  The cost structure consists of fixed costs amounting to IDR 1,413,000/MT/year and variable costs amounting to IDR 27,985,000/MT/year. The income obtained from red chili farming is IDR 18,963,400/farmer/MT. The R/C ratio for red chili farming is 1.70, indicating that the farming activity in the research area is profitable and viable to pursue.
Eye Tracking Sensors Data Analysis with Maschine Learning
Authors: Gyda Mat
Published: October 2023

Computers have fundamentally changed the way eye movement data is analyzed. Today, event detection is done almost exclusively by applying a detection algorithm to the raw data of the gaze. For a long time, two main classes of algorithms have been used: first, rate-based algorithms that detect jerks and assume that the rest are fixations.
Introduction management and organization
Authors: belo Reva Juniar Anggraeni
Published: October 2023

Introduction of management and organization
Pelatihan erni
Authors: manurung Yiswi Erni
Published: October 2023

Makalah Lukas erni manurung
Pengaruh Media Komik Strip terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Teks Anekdot
Authors: Zulhafizh
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana pengaruh media komik stripterhadap kemampuan menulis teks anekdot siswa kelas X SMA Al-Huda Pekanbaru.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X IPA SMA Al-HudaPekanbaru dengan sampel sebanyak 60 siswa. Siswa kelas X IPAB diajar dengan mediakomik strip dan siswa kelas X IPAA diajar dengan model konvensional tanpamenggunakan media komik strip. Jenis penelitian adalah eksperimen. Instrumen yangdigunakan adalah tes. Teknik analisis data hipotesis terlebih dahulu diuji normalitasKolmogorov-Smirnov dan homogenitas tes menggunakan uji t. Hasil pengujian keduasampel berasal dari populasi yang berdistribusi normal dan homogen, dengandemikian peneliti memberikan perlakuan kepada kedua sampel. Dari hasil analisis datadiperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang diberi media komik strip adalah 82,53dan rata-rata hasil belajar siswa yang diberi model pembelajaran konvensional tanpamenggunakan media komik strip adalah 71,87. Untuk uji hipotesis digunakan uji t, darihasil perhitungan diperoleh taraf signifikan 0,005. Ternyata nilai signifikansi (2-tailed)0,000 < 0,05, sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima sehingga diperoleh kesimpulanbahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan dalam penggunaan media komik strip terhadapkemampuan menulis teks anekdot.
実験研究の収集データの質を高める一工夫 　―短期記憶課題における統制課題の例―
Authors: Sugai Kosuke
Published: October 2023

In studies encompassing psycholinguistics, applied linguistics, and the application of psychological experimental methods, quality of raw data is the most crucial factor influencing the success of the research. Uninterpretable noise in the collected raw data hinders a correct interpretation of the results, no matter how sophisticated statistical methods are employed. To prevent these situations, it is essential to rigorously control conditions during the experimental design stage. This helps minimize the impact of extra noise on the dependent variables. This report explores the impact of introducing additional tasks to control conditions in experiments involving data from a classroom-based short-term memory task.
The Transfer of Social Threat Learning to Decision-Making is Robust to Extinction
Authors: Selbing Ida , Sandberg David , Olsson Andreas , Lindström Björn , Golkar Armita
Published: October 2023

Through traditional mass-media and online social media we are almost constantly exposed to second-hand experiences of trauma and violence, providing ample opportunities for us to learn about threats through social means. This social threat learning can influence instrumental decision-making through a social to instrumental transfer process, akin to the so called Pavlovian to Instrumental Transfer effect, resulting in consequences that can be maladaptive. Here, we assessed if this influence could be diminished by extinction learning, a procedure where a previously threatening stimulus is learned to be safe, and thereby mitigate possible maladaptive consequences. To this end we recruited 251 participants to undergo a social threat learning procedure (where they observed someone else receive electric shocks to one out of two images), followed by either a social or direct extinction procedure (in which no shocks were given), before conducting an instrumental decision-making task to measure the strength of the transfer effect. Based on theoretical considerations and previous literature we proposed two competing hypotheses: i) extinction learning would diminish the transfer effect or ii) the transfer effect would be robust to extinction. Our results clearly demonstrate that the social to instrumental transfer effect is remarkably robust to extinction, supporting the second hypotheses. Irrespective of whether extinction was carried out through direct experience or social means, learning about threats through second-hand aversive experiences strongly influence instrumental behavior, suggesting potentially maladaptive effects of social threat learning are challenging to diminish.
The Electoral Geography of the Populist Radical Right Vote in Portugal
Authors: Afonso Alexandre
Published: September 2023

This chapter explores the electoral geography of Chega's support and the factors contributing to its success. Utilizing aggregate electoral data from Portuguese municipalities and parishes, I place the geographical distribution of electoral support for the radical right in Portugal within existing traditional patterns: Northern Portugal, with a history of small landowners, has leaned to the right, while the South, characterized by large landholdings, has traditionally leaned leaned left. Within this context, Chega gather higher levels of support in the South, particularly in Algarve and Alentejo. To shed some light on these patterns, I analyse economic and cultural factors. While economic grievances like unemployment and inequality may partially explain Chega's appeal in poor regions, cultural grievances have also been believed to play a role. The chapter shows that contrary to expectations, Chega support is not higher in areas with lower levels of education. However, analysing data from a range of recent elections I find a positive correlation between the Chega vote share, the size of the local Roma community and the percentage of foreign nationals.
Mâu thuẫn trong chính trường Mỹ về cách xử lý khủng khoảng khí hậu
Authors: Cường N. P. K.
Published: October 2023

Thảm họa thiên nhiên luôn gây ra những tổn thất lớn về người và của. Với Florida, bão Idalia 2023 chính là một thảm họa khắc nghiệt. Chỉ mới bắt đầu, nhưng cơn bão đã gây ngập lụt và làm nửa triệu dân Bắc Florida và Georgia mất điện. (Tạp chí Kinh tế & Dự báo; ngày 3-10-2023)
Children's and Adults' thinking about Autism Spectrum Disorder: Conceptualizations, Dehumanization, and Willingness for Inclusion
Authors: Corbett Bethany , Anderson Tara , Dautel Jocelyn
Published: September 2023

Participants were 9-11-year-olds and adults, majority White European; data were collected in Northern Ireland between January and June 2022. Children’s awareness of autism was assessed by asking what they know about autism. Children and adults also judged the extent to which a hypothetical autistic peer had capacity for mental experiences (emotions and personality traits). Emotions and personality traits varied between non-uniquely, or uniquely human, and the effect of valance (positive/negative) was also examined. We describe the extent to which children and adults attribute capacity for mental experiences to an autistic peer, and examine potential dehumanization of the peer through relative denial of uniquely human mental experiences. Denial of uniquely human mental experiences predicted how happy participants expected themselves (adults) and others (children and adults) to be about including the peer. Findings suggest children of this age hold fairly accurate representations of autism, and that dehumanization of autistic people may contribute to their exclusion by neurotypical peers.
SISTEM INFORMASI AKUNTANSI CAPTER 6
Authors: naryono endang
Published: September 2023

Pengendalian internal dalam pembelianPrinsip-Prinsip Internal Control• Diadakan pemisahan fungsi untuk pihak2 : yg meminta pembelian, melakukan pembelian, menerima barang, menyimpan, mencatatterjadinya pembelian atau utang serta yg membayar utang.• Setiap pembelian harus berdasarkan permintaan pembelian dg harga ygbersaing serta kualitas yang optmal.• Barang2 hanya akan diterima apabila sesuai dengan spesifikasi dalamorder pembelian• Faktur pembelian diperiksa kebenarannya sebelum disetujui untukdibayar.• Distribusi debit dari barang barang atau jasa yang dibeli harus dilakukandengan benar, sehingga laporannya dapat dipercaya.
Acute Natural Killer Cells Response to a Continuous Moderate Intensity and a Work-Matched High Intensity Interval Exercise Session in Metastatic Cancer Patients Treated With Chemotherapy
Authors: Parent-Roberge Hugo , Fontvieille Adeline , Poirier Laurence , Tai Lee-Hwa , Pavic Michel , Fülöp Tamàs , Riesco Eleonor
Published: September 2023

Background: It has been suggested that the acute natural killer (NK) cell response to aerobic exercise might contribute to the tumor suppressor effect of regular exercise observed in preclinical studies. Moreover, because this response is modulated by exercise intensity, high-intensity intervals exercise (HIIE) might represent an interesting therapeutic approach in cancer patients. However, this immune response remains unstudied in cancer patients currently undergoing chemotherapy. Objective: To characterize the acute NK cell response following a moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise session (MOD), and a HIIE session in metastatic cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Methods: Twelve cancer patients (45-65 years old) underwent a MOD and a duration and work-matched HIIE trial, in a block-randomized order. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated before, after and 1h after each trial. NK cell subsets were enumerated using flow cytometry and complete blood counts. The surface expression of the cytotoxic NK cell (cNK; CD56dimCD16+) subset was evaluated for its expression of the differentiation markers CD57 and CD158a, the activating receptor NKG2D, the immune checkpoints TIM-3 and PD-1, and the chemokine receptors CXCR3, CXCR4 and CCR2. Results: cNK cell blood counts increased immediately following MOD (p < 0.001) and decreased back to pre-exercise values one hour after exercise cessation (p < 0.001). The most responsive cNK cell subsets were expressing CD57, CD158a, NKG2D, TIM-3 and CXCR3. The HIIE trial elicited a similar biphasic response, without any difference between trials (all p ≥ 0.38). However, significant changes in the MFI values of CXCR4 and NKG2D were observed in the cNK cell subset following HIIE (all p ≤ 0.038), but not MOD. Conclusion: In metastatic cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, both MOD and HIIE can elicit an acute mobilisation and egress of NK cells exhibiting phenotypic characteristics associated with high cytotoxicity and tumor homing. Future longitudinal trials are needed to determine if combining aerobic exercise training and chemotherapy will translate towards favorable immune and clinical outcomes.
Pelatihan selvia
Authors: wati Selvia , Toruan Mesani L. Artha Lumban
Published: October 2023

Saya sedang mengikuti pelatihan
Changing Faces of African Christianity: The Role of Dr. Mojola Agbebi
Authors: Ilesanmi Dele Alaba
Published: October 2023

The call to change the face of African Christianity began with Dr. Mojola Agbebi (formerly referred to as David Vincent) in 1889, when he made this classic statement in his book titled Africa and the Gospel: "To render Christianity indigenous to Africa, it must be watered by native hands, pruned by native hatchets, and tended with native earth". He continues to say that "It is a curse if we intend for ever to hold at the apron strings of foreign teachers, doing the baby for aye (Ayandele, E.A., 2005). Agbebi fought European-American racial and cultural imperialism, mental enslavement, and spiritual thraldom and created for Africans a Christianity that catered for their cultural identities and sensibilities, concerns, needs, and aspirations to properly align the African worldview with global Christianity and contextualize its practices. His Africanization of Christianity to reject Eurocentricism and Americocentrism of Christianity is an eloquent testimony of his move to change the faces of African Christianity to give African Christians a voice in the religious market. This study is therefore set to examine the impact of African Christianity on contemporary world Christianity, especially in the Global North, and the role of Dr. Mojola Agbebi in reshaping the face of Christianity in Africa and the Diaspora. The study concludes that Christianity should not be seen as a Western religion. The methodology adopted in this work to collect relevant data is historical, qualitative, and explanatory.
Resume-Asri Handayani-The Nature of Management Control Systems
Authors: Handayani Asri
Published: October 2023

Nama: Asri Handayani Nim: 03111200015
Large-Scale Longitudinal Analysis of the Progression of Alcohol Use Among Members of a Social Media Platform
Authors: Andrade Fernanda C. , Meyerson William , Hoyle Rick H.
Published: September 2023

Background: The large-scale identification of people at risk of transitioning from relatively lower-risk to higher-risk alcohol use (e.g., problem drinking) remains a public health challenge despite advances in the identification of risk and protective factors. Objective: This paper used machine learning to identify Reddit (social media platform) posting activity associated with transitioning from lower to higher-risk forms of alcohol use. Methods: We employed bottom-up and top-down approaches to identify lower- and higher-risk alcohol-related subreddits. Using a non-parametric negative control procedure, we estimated each of the 10,006 Reddit communities’ risk of progression from lower- to higher-risk alcohol-related communities and applied a random forest model to predict progression among individual Reddit users. Eligible Reddit users had posted on Reddit for two or more years before their first post in a lower-risk alcohol-related community and for three or more years after that (N = 4,120). Results: Our methodology identified 42 alcohol-related communities, four of which were suggestive of problem drinking. Five communities (r/stopsmoking, r/opiates, r/KitchenConfidential, r/Vaping, r/depression) were significantly associated with progression. Random forests model's risk scores for individual users correlated with their progression to higher-risk communities at 0.30. Conclusions: Posting in communities dedicated to other substance use, depression, and occupation in the food service industry was associated with posting activity suggestive of problem drinking three years later. Posting activity on Reddit may be used for early detection of people at higher risk of transitioning from lower- to higher-risk forms of alcohol use.
Can a single model account for both risky choices and inter-temporal choices? Testing the assumptions underlying models of risky-intertemporal choice: A conceptual replication of Luckman et al. (2018)
Authors: Fidanoski Filip , Dixir Vinayak , Ortmann Andreas
Published: September 2023

Luckman et al. (2018) experimentally tested the conjecture that a single model of risky intertemporal choice can account for both risky and intertemporal choices, and under the conditions of their experiment, found evidence supporting it. Given the existing literature, that is a remarkable result which warrants (conceptual) replication. Following a tradition in psychology, Luckman et al. (2018) had first-year psychology students participate that were rewarded with non-monetary course credits (see also Luckman et al., 2020). Proper incentivisation is a long-standing bone of contention among experimentally working economists and psychologists, last but not least when it comes to the elicitation of preferences of any kind. Another reason to be sceptical is that the experiment was not properly powered up; the no-difference results reported by the authors might be spurious. In our conceptual replication, we find significant differences between the risky and intertemporal choices at both the group and individual level. We find further that there is no significant difference between choices made by participants that are paid a flat incentive and participants that are paid under the random incentive scheme, at the group level. We find that order effects matter for intertemporal choices, but not for risky choices. At the individual level, we find evidence in favour of the model that assumes a common value function, but separate choice functions. This result is robust across our incentive systems, and order of presentation, but sensitive to different prior distributions.
Late-life Onset Psychosis-like Symptoms Assessed in the Mild Behavioral Impairment Framework are Associated Impaired Performance on the Stroop Task
Authors: Creese Byron , Gibbs Olly , Moodie Ellie , Hampshire Adam , Corbett Anne , Ismail Zahinoor
Published: October 2023

Background: Late-life onset psychosis and milder delusion-like ideation are known risk factors for cognitive decline and dementia. The Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) framework was developed to capture specific psychotic-like symptoms relevant to dementia prognosis in older adults. This study aims to investigate the cognitive deficits associated with MBI-psychosis and their implications for understanding the underlying mechanisms and potential treatment targets.Method: The study recruited participants between November 2021 and July 2022 from the PROTECT study registry. Participants completed the Cambridge Gambling Task, Stroop, Trail Making, Paired Associates Learning, Verbal Reasoning, Digit Span and Self-Ordered Search. Psychotic symptom status was assessed using the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C), with participants categorized as MBI-psychosis if they or their study partner reported any psychotic symptoms. Results: Out of 2,111 eligible participants invited, 417 consented to participate. There were no significant differences in age, sex, education level, or mental health history between the MBI-psychosis and No Psychosis groups. Participants with MBI-psychosis exhibited significantly worse performance on the Stroop task (p=0.0002, Cohen’s d=0.37) compared to those without psychosis. There was also some evidence of impairment in verbal reasoning, though it did not reach significance after Bonferroni correction. No significant differences were found on other cognitive measures.Discussion: This cross-sectional study provides insight into the cognitive deficits associated with MBI-psychosis, a condition with elevated dementia risk. The finding of impaired Stroop task performance in individuals with MBI-psychosis is noteworthy, as this deficit is commonly observed in earlier-life psychotic disorders. Further research is needed to explore the neural underpinnings of these deficits and to determine whether they represent early markers of neurodegenerative disease or other factors.
Youth adversity and trajectories of depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence in the context of intersectionality
Authors: Havers Laura , Shuai Ruichong , Fonagy Peter , Fazel Mina , Craig Morgan , Fancourt Daisy , McCrone Paul , Smuk Melanie , Bhui Kamaldeep , Shakoor Sania , Hosang Georgina
Published: October 2023

AbstractBackground: Youth adversity is associated with persistence of depression and anxiety symptoms over time. Evidence suggests that this association may be greater for disadvantaged societal groups (such as females) compared with advantaged groups (e.g., males). However, given that persistent symptoms are observed across a range of disadvantaged groups (e.g., low compared with high socio-economic status [SES]), the intersection of individual characteristics may be an important moderator of inequality. Methods: Data from HeadStart Cornwall (N=5,336) was used to assess the effect of youth adversity on symptoms of depression and anxiety, measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire emotional problems subscale, at three time-points in 11-14-year-olds. Latent trajectories and regression coefficients were estimated for eight intersectionality profiles (based on gender, SES, and hyperactivity/inattention) within a multiple group structural equation model. Compound parameters were specified to estimate the moderating effects of the individual characteristics and their intersections. Results: Youth adversity, compared with an absence of such, was associated with higher average depression and anxiety symptoms at baseline (11-12-years), across all intersectionality profiles. The magnitude of the effect of youth adversity differed across profiles, and there was weak evidence to suggest that the effect of youth adversity on the average rate of change in depression and anxiety symptoms was moderated by the intersection of, i) gender and SES, and ii) gender, SES, and hyperactivity/inattention. Conclusions: Youth adversity has detrimental effects on the development of depression and anxiety symptoms that pervade across intersectionality profiles: The extent to which these effects are moderated by intersectionality are discussed in terms of operational factors and sample size. The current results provide a platform for further research, which is needed to determine whether intersectionality is important in moderating the effect of youth adversity on the development of depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescence.
Changing Community Climate Change Attitudes: Evidence from a Community Exhibit Intervention
Authors: Syropoulos Stylianos , Ashraf Sania , Gomez Olivia , Lowenstein Frank , Tariq Anam , Niles Travis , Fischer Mary , Yoeli Erez
Published: September 2023

Engaging communities through exhibits displayed at community-oriented events is a longstanding practice in community activism that could prove valuable for shifting individual and collective behavior toward measures that can help reduce climate change. In this investigation we examined the effect of a climate change community exhibit that focused on four environmental issues: switching to electric vehicles, switching to community solar for residential electricity needs, reducing meat consumption, and supporting forest conservation and reforestation efforts. Participants from the greater Boston area (N = 125) were surveyed before and after attending the exhibit. Attending the exhibit increased participants' perceptions of how many members in their community engaged in action for each issue and how morally right community members thought addressing the issue was. Further, increases in how confident participants felt in engaging in the relevant actions, as well as in ease of engagement were also observed. Participants also expressed increased interest (albeit inconsistently so) in, and likelihood of, engaging in action for each issue. Across all issues, exposure to the exhibit also increased whether engaging in action was rated as an effective way to reduce climate change. Implications and future directions for interventions utilizing climate change exhibits are discussed.
Point-of-choice kilocalorie labelling practices in large, out-of-home food businesses before and after the implementation of kilocalorie Labelling (Out of Home Sector) (England) Regulations 2021: An Observational Study
Authors: Polden Megan , Jones Andrew , Essman Mike , Adams Jean , bishop tom rp , Burgoine Thomas , Donohue Aisling , Sharp Stephen J , White Martin , Smith Richard , Robinson Eric
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives: On 6th April 2022 the UK government implemented mandatory kilocalorie (kcal) labelling regulations for food and drink products sold in the out-of-home food sector (OHFS) in England. Previous assessments of kcal labelling practices in the UK OHFS found a low prevalence of voluntary implementation and poor compliance with labelling recommendations. This study aimed to examine changes in labelling practices pre vs. post-implementation of mandatory labelling regulations in 2022.Methods: In August-December 2021 (pre-implementation) and August-November 2022 (post-implementation), large OHFS businesses (250 or more employees) subject to labelling regulations were visited. At two time points a researcher visited the same 117 food outlets (belonging to 90 unique businesses) across four local authorities in England. Outlets were rated for compliance with government regulations for whether kcal labelling was: provided at any or all point-of-choice, provided for all eligible food and drink items, provided per portion for sharing items, if labelling was clear and legible and if kcal reference information was displayed. Results: There was a significant increase (21% pre-implementation vs. 80% post-implementation, OR = 40.98 [95% CI: 8.08 to 207.74], p<0.001) in the proportion of outlets providing any kcal labelling at point-of-choice post-implementation. Only 15% of outlets met all labelling compliance criteria post-implementation, with a minority of outlets not presenting labelling in a clear (33%) or legible (29%) way. Conclusion: The number of large businesses in the OHFS providing kcal labelling increased following the implementation of mandatory labelling regulations. However, around one-fifth of eligible outlets sampled were not providing kcal labelling 4-8 months after the regulations came into force, and the majority of businesses only partially complied with government guidance. More effective enforcement may be required to further improve kcal labelling practices in the OHFS in England. Registration: Study protocol and analysis strategy pre-registered on Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/pfnm6/).
Implied probabilities of polytomous response functions for model-based prediction and comparison
Authors: Domingue Benjamin , Kanopka Klint , Ulitzsch Esther , Zhang Lijin
Published: September 2023

Polytomous response models are typically motivated by assumptions about specific dichotomizations. We build on this by considering a broader range of dichotomizations. We first enumerate all possible dichotomizations for an outcome in a given number of categories. We then show that many of these dichotomizations lead to ``implied probabilities'' that have dramatically different forms when computed for different models. We finally illustrate how differences can be used to evaluate model fit. This consideration of the full range of possible dichotomizations and how the resulting implied probabilities may behave is of both conceptual and applied interest.
Optimizing competence in the service of collaboration
Authors: Xiang Yang , Vélez Natalia , Gershman Samuel J.
Published: September 2023

In order to efficiently divide labor with others, it’s important to understand what our collaborators can do (i.e., their competence). However, competence is not static—people get better at particular jobs the more often they perform them. This plasticity of competence creates a challenge for collaboration: For example, is it better to assign tasks to whoever is most competent now, or to the person who can be trained most efficiently “on-the-job”? We conducted two experiments (N = 199) that examine how people make decisions about whom to train (Experiment 1) and whom to recruit (Experiment 2) to a collaborative task, based on the collaborators’ starting expertise, the training opportunities available, and the goal of the task. We found that participants’ decisions were best captured by a planning model that attempts to maximize the returns from collaboration while minimizing the costs of hiring and training individual collaborators. This planning model outperformed alternative myopic models that based these decisions on the agents’ current strengths, or on how much agents stood to improve in a single training step, without considering whether this training would enable agents to succeed at the task in the long run. Our findings suggest that people do not recruit and train collaborators based solely on their current competence, nor solely on the opportunities for their collaborators to improve. Instead, people use an intuitive theory of competence to balance the costs of hiring and training others against the benefits to the collaboration.
Natural Experiments for Sociological Research
Authors: Aksoy Ozan
Published: September 2023

Natural experiments have become increasingly popular in the social sciences. In this article I give an overview of the concept. I discuss its definition and origins, the reasons why researchers increasingly rely on natural experiments, and the ways to evaluate natural experimental designs. Next to several examples, the article includes a hands-on application with open data and code. The application goes through all stages of using a natural experiment, by describing the case, evaluating the design by placebo tests and diagnostics, as well as presenting and interpreting the results. The discussion also includes tips in finding natural experiments with a note on if it was always necessary to find one, and what to do if none could be found. Potential pitfalls of natural experiments are also discussed. Overall, natural experimental designs, when they are used responsibly and carefully, strongly enrich the methodological arsenal of social scientists.
IDENTIFIKASI GULMA DI PERKEBUNAN KELAPA SAWIT RAKYAT TANAMAN BELUM MENGHASILKAN (TBM)
Authors: Sari Resti Puspa Kartika , Pujisiswanto Hidayat , Sudirman Albertus
Published: October 2023

Tumbuhnya gulma di perkebunan kelapa sawit dapat menurunkan produktivitas kelapa sawit. Gulma bersaing dengan tanaman kelapa sawit dalam memperebutkan sarana tumbuh. Pengendalian gulma harus dilakukan berdasarkan rekomendasi yang tepat sesuai dengan gulma sasaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis gulma yang ditemukan di kebun kelapa sawit tanaman belum menghasilkan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni tahun 2022, di kebun kelapa sawit rakyat, Desa Karang Anyar, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif secara purposive sampling pada piringan tanaman kelapa sawit. Hasil identifikasi gulma diperoleh 4 famili yang terdiri dari 10 spesies yaitu Asystasia gangetica, Praxelis clematidea, Mikania micrantha, Synedrella nodiflora, Borreria alata, Axonopus compressus, Paspalum conjugatum, Cyperus iria, dan Cyperus esculentus.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN USAHATANI JAGUNG (Zea Mays L.) DI KABUPATEN KARO, SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Martauli Elvin Desi , Karo Seringena Br , Sembiring Swati
Published: October 2023

Corn (zea mays) is one of the potential food crops aimed at improving the national economy. The increase made in corn production through the suppression of corn imports by the government so that the land for corn development can be utilized. Karo Regency is a corn production center in North Sumatra that has the potential to develop corn farming with a land area of 107,241 ha with a production of 715,940 tons. The purpose of this study was to analyze the corn farming development strategy and the internal and external constraints faced in corn farming activities. The research method used is descriptive method and data collection techniques are carried out using observation, interviews and questionnaires. There are two sub-districts as samples, namely Simpang Empat and Barusjahe Districts. The analysis technique used is descriptive and SWOT analysis. The results of the study indicate that the development strategies that can be carried out in corn farming in Karo Regency are (a) increasing the bargaining power of farmers in the context of industry/traders that impose strict quality requirements; (b) increase productivity to prepare for competition from imported corn products; (c) planning for weather variations to improve the quality of corn produced by farmers; (d) increase the knowledge and capacity of farmers in the context of controlling pests and diseases in maize; (e) reduce corn production costs to reduce fluctuations in production, quality, and price
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN EKOWISATA HUTAN MANGROVE PT INHUTANI I UNIT BATU AMPAR-MENTAWIR KELURAHAN MENTAWIR KECAMATAN SEPAKU KABUPATEN PENAJAM PASER UTARA
Authors: Suharyono Suharyono , Aipassa Marlon Ivanhoe , Bulan Dewi Embong , Karyati Karyati , Rayadin Yaya , Siahaya Martha Ekawati , Ruslim Yosep , Kristiningrum Rochadi
Published: October 2023

Penelitian  ini  merupakan  penelitian  deskriptif  dengan  pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar potensi ekowisata hutan mangrove pada kawasan lindung PT Inhutani I Unit Batu Ampar – Mentawir  yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai ekowisata hutan mangrove selanjutnya, mengetahui bagaimanakah strategi pengembangan yang dapat dilakukan oleh PT Inhutani I Unit Batu Ampar-Mentawir terhadap  ekowisata hutan mangrove pada kawasan lindung berbasiskan pemberdayaan masyarakat lokal. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan cara observasi lapangan, wawancara, kuesioner dan studi literatur selanjutnya dianalisa menggunakan SWOT. Berdasarkan observasi lapangan diketahui adanya potensi sumberdaya ekowisata hutan mangrove dan destinasi wisata lainnya sangat layak untuk dikembangkan, hasil kuesioner tentang persepsi pengelola, pengunjung, masyarakat sekitar hutan (kelompok sadar wisata) dan instansi pemerintah diketahui adanya minat sangat tinggi, hasil wawancara mendalam diperoleh informasi potensi dan pengembangan destinasi ekowisata lainnya, hasil deliniasi peta citra diperoleh data luasan kerapatan tegakan mangrove dan hasil studi literatur diketahui keanekaragaman vegetasi mangrove dan biodiversity. Strategi pengembangan ekowisata berdasarkan SWOT menunjukkan bahwa strategi pengembangan ekowisata hutan mangrove terletak pada kuadran (1) satu pada titik sumbu X positif dengan nilai 1,65 dan titik sumbu Y positif dengan nilai 1,65 sehingga dinyatakan sangat menguntungkan untuk pengembangan ekowisata hutan mangrove. (dimana aspek dari dalam lebih besar dari pada aspek dari luar dan aspek kekuatan dan peluang lebih baik dari pada aspek kelemahan dan ancaman).
ANALISIS STRATEGI PROGRAM PASCATAMBANG PETERNAKAN SAPI PADA LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG PT KITADIN SITE EMBALUT
Authors: Prasetyo Eko Budi , Aipassa Marlon Ivanhoe , Daru Taufan Purwokusumaning , Saptiani Gina , Devy Salaho Dina , Kiswanto Kiswanto , Ruslim Yosep , Kristina Feby
Published: October 2023

Penelitian  ini  merupakan  penelitian  deskriptif  dengan  pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis program pascatambang peternakan sapi yang telah dilakukan oleh PT Kitadin serta untuk mengetahui kemajuan kegiatan program pascatambang peternakan sapi yang telah dilakukan oleh PT Kitadin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan bagaimana kegiatan yang telah dilakukan dalam rangka melaksanakan program pascatambang peternakan sapi dan bagaimana strategi pengembangan program peternakan sapi yang dilakukan oleh PT Kitadin. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yakni observasi/kunjungan lapangan langsung, wawancara dan study pustaka. Dalam pengolahan data yang telah diperoleh dilakukan dengan cara membandingkan pelaksanaan program tersebut dengan dokumen program rencana pascatambang dan melakukan evaluasi terkait pengembangan peternakan sapi yang telah di lakukan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pelaksanaan program pascatambang peternakan sapi di lahan bekas tambang khususnya di Pit S12 GS telah sesuai dengan dokumen perubahan program rencana pascatambang PT Kitadin tahun 2020 dari segi program dan jadwal pelaksanaan, rencana luasan area, serta rencana peruntukannya. Adapun terkait Startegi pengembangan peternakan sapi di lahan bekas tambang khususnya Pit S12 GS yang dilakukan oleh PT Kitadin apabila dilihat dari aspek pemilihan lokasi, topografi, daya dukung tanah, ketersediaan pakan ternak, dan sumber air minum ternak telah memadai dan sesuai dengan peruntukannya, tetapi bila didasarkan pada daya tampung, maka luas lahan yang disediakan untuk program pascatambang peternakan sapi belum memadai yakni hanya mampu menampung sebanyak 620 ekor sapi Bali dari rencana maksimal sebanyak 1.600 ekor sapi Bali.
The Politics and Ethics of Collective Memory and Forgetting in Christina Reid’s My Name, Shall I Tell You My Name?
Authors: Han Chen-Wei
Published: September 2023

This article explores the relationships between personal and collective memory, especially transgenerational memory, within a Protestant, loyalist family in Northern Ireland in Christina Reid’s My Name, Shall I Tell You My Name?. Forgetting plays a vital role in the communal memory of loyalism and unionism within the world of the play. The female protagonist, Andrea, actively unsettles that forgetting by challenging the mainstream loyalist commemoration exemplified by her grandfather Andy via alternative narratives and commemoration. The ongoing contestation over the collective memory of the Battle of the Somme, one of the pivotal historical events in loyalist remembrance culture, reveals the peculiar temporality of loyalist memory and uncovers problems inherent to the eternal cycle of loyalist memory and its oblivion. Through its treatment of these themes, I suggest that My Name conveys an ethical imperative to remember for the future instead of the past.
Shannon Jackson. Back Stages: Essays across Art, Performance, and Public Life
Authors: Cermatori Joseph
Published: September 2023

This review surveys Shannon Jackson’s Back Stages: Essays across Art, Performance, and Public Life, which collects eighteen of Jackson’s previously un-anthologized essays, together with a new introduction and epilogue, and provides a rich overview of her recent views of performance, contemporary art, and radical politics.