bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of kynurenic acid on enzymatic activity of the DNA base excision repair pathway in specific areas of the sheep brain
Authors: Młotkowska Patrycja , Misztal Tomasz , Kowalczyk Paweł , Marciniak Elżbieta
Published: July 2024

Relatively low levels of antioxidant enzymes coupled with high oxygen metabolism result in the formation of numerous oxidative DNA damages in the tissues of the central nervous system. Recently, kynurenic acid (KYNA), knowns for its neuroprotective properties, has gained increasing attention in this context. Therefore, our hypothesis assumed that increased KYNA levels in the brain would positively influence mRNA expression of selected enzymes of the base excision repair pathway as well as enhance their efficiency in excising damaged nucleobases in specific areas of the sheep brain. The study was conducted on adult anestrous sheep (n = 18), in which two different doses of KYNA (20 and 100 μg/day) were infused into the third brain ventricle for three days. Molecular and biochemical analysis included the hypothalamus (preoptic and mediol-basal areas), hippocampus (CA3 field) and amygdala (central amygdaloid nucleus), dissected from the brain of sheep euthanized immediately after the last infusion. The results revealed a significant increase P < 0.001) in the relative mRNA abundance of N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase (MPG) following administration of both dose of KYNA across all examined tissues. The transcription of thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG) increased significantly (P < 0.001) in all tissues in response to the lower KYNA dose compared to the control group. Moreover, 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) DNA glycosylase (OGG1) mRNA levels were also higher in both animal groups (P < 0.001). In addition, in the hypothalamus, hippocampus and amygdala, AP endonuclease 1 (APE1) mRNA expression increased under both doses of KYNA. Moreover, the both dose of KYNA significantly stimulated the efficiency of 8-oxoG excision in hypothalamus and amygdala (P < 0.05–0.001). The lower and higher doses of KYNA significantly influenced the effectiveness of εA and εC in all structures (P < 0.01–0.001). In conclusion, the favorable effect of KYNA in the brain may include the protection of genetic material in nerve and glial cells by stimulating the expression and efficiency of BER pathway enzymes.
NLRC5 promotes tumorigenesis by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in cervical cancer
Authors: Ling Lin , Chen Jiahua , Zhan Lei , Fu Juanjuan , He Runhua , Wang Wenyan , Wei Bing , Ma Xiaofeng , Cao Yunxia
Published: July 2024

Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer among women worldwide. NLR Family CARD Domain Containing 5 (NLRC5) plays an important role in tumorigenesis. However, its effect and mechanism in CC remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the function of NLRC5 in CC. NLRC5 was found to be down-regulated in CC tissues compared with normal cervical tissues. However, patients with higher NLRC5 expression had better prognosis, patients with higher age, HPV infection, lymph node metastasis, recurrence and histological grade had worse prognosis. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed NLRC5 to be a potential prognostic indicator for CC. Pearson correlation analysis showed that NLRC5 might exert its function in CC through autophagy related proteins, especially LC3. In vitro experiments demonstrated that NLRC5 inhibited LC3 levels and promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CC cells by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Treatment with LY294002 reversed the above phenotype. Taken together, our finding suggested that NLRC5 would participate in cervical tumorigenesis and progression by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In addition, NLRC5 and LC3 combined as possible predictors in CC.
IRF5 suppresses metastasis through the regulation of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles and pre-metastatic niche formation
Authors: Roberts Bailey K. , Li Dan Iris , Somerville Carter , Matta Bharati , Jha Vaishali , Steinke Adison , Brune Zarina , Blanc Lionel , Soffer Samuel Z. , Barnes Betsy J.
Published: July 2024

Metastasis is driven by extensive cooperation between a tumor and its microenvironment, resulting in the adaptation of molecular mechanisms that evade the immune system and enable pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation. Little is known of the tumor-intrinsic factors that regulate these mechanisms. Here we show that expression of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) in osteosarcoma (OS) and breast carcinoma (BC) clinically correlates with prolonged survival and decreased secretion of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (t-dEVs). Conversely, loss of intra-tumoral IRF5 establishes a PMN that supports metastasis. Mechanistically, IRF5-positive tumor cells retain IRF5 transcripts within t-dEVs that contribute to altered composition, secretion, and trafficking of t-dEVs to sites of metastasis. Upon whole-body pre-conditioning with t-dEVs from IRF5-high or -low OS and BC cells, we found increased lung metastatic colonization that replicated findings from orthotopically implanted cancer cells. Collectively, our findings uncover a new role for IRF5 in cancer metastasis through its regulation of t-dEV programming of the PMN.
Effects of the ligand linkers on stability of mixed-valence Cu(I)Cu(II) and catalytic aerobic alcohol oxidation activity
Authors: Jehdaramarn Attawit , Chantarojsiri Teera , Worakul Thanapat , Surawatanawong Panida , Chainok Kittipong , Sangtrirutnugul Preeyanuch
Published: July 2024

We synthesized a class of ligands that feature single (L1) and dual amine-bis(triazole) chelates (L2 with a 1,3-phenylene linker and L3 with a 1,5-naphthalene linker). Our findings which were derived from UV–Vis titrations, crystal structure analysis of relevant copper complexes, and DFT calculations indicate the formation of both mononuclear CuBr(L1) and dinuclear (μ-Ln)(CuBr)2 (Ln = L2 and L3) complexes. The catalytic activities of CuBr/Ln, in combination with TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl)oxyl) co-catalyst and NMI (N-methylimidazole) for aerobic alcohol oxidation, reveal the following activity trend: CuBr/L3 > CuBr/L2 > CuBr/L1. Furthermore, electrochemical data from in-situ generated CuBr complexes suggest that the higher catalytic performance of CuBr/L3 is attributed to the presence of less stable mixed-valence and more reducible Cu(I)-L3-Cu(II) species compared to Cu(I)-L2-Cu(II). This difference is a result of weaker σ interactions between Cu–Namine, larger bridging π systems, and a longer Cu···Cu distance in the presence of L3. Additionally, the catalyst system, CuBr/L3/TEMPO/NMI, efficiently promotes the aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde at room temperature in CH3CN with a high turnover frequency (TOF) of 38 h−1 at 1 h.
Establishing resilience-targeted prediction models of rainfall for transportation infrastructures for three demonstration regions in China
Authors: Zeng Wen , Sun Xiaodan , Xing Hongping , Liu Yu , Liu Lu
Published: July 2024

Rainstorm is one of the global meteorological disasters that threaten the safety of transportation infrastructure and the connectivity of transportation system. Aiming to support the resilience assessment of transportation infrastructure in three representative regions: Sichuan–Chongqing, Yangtze River Delta, and Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei-Shandong, rainfall data over 40 years in the three regions are collected, and the temporal distribution of rainfall are analyzed. Prediction equations of rainfall are established. For the purpose of this, the probabilistic density function (PDF) is assigned to the rainfall by fitting the frequency distribution histogram. Using the assigned PDF, the rainfall data are transformed into standard normal space where regression of prediction equations is performed and the prediction accuracy is tested. The results show that: (1) The frequency of rainfall in the three regions follows a lognormal distribution based on which the prediction equations of rainfall can be established in standard normal space. The error of regression shows no remarkable dependence on self-variables, and the significance analysis indicates that the equations proposed in this paper are plausible for predicting rainfalls for the three regions. (2) The Yangtze River Delta region has a higher risk of rainstorm disaster compared to the other two regions according to the frequency of rainfall and the return period of precipitation concentration. (3) Over the period of 1980–2021, the Sichuan–Chongqing region witnessed an increase in yearly rainfall but a decrease in rainstorm disasters, whereas the other two regions experienced a consistent rise in both metrics.
Control over self and others’ face: exploitation and exploration
Authors: Wen Wen , Mei Jie , Aktas Hakan , Chang Acer Yu-Chan , Suzuishi Yosuke , Kasahara Shunichi
Published: July 2024

The face serves as a crucial cue for self-identification, while the sense of agency plays a significant role in determining our influence through actions in the environment. The current study investigates how self-identification through facial recognition may influence the perception of control via motion. We propose that self-identification might engender a belief in having control over one’s own face, leading to a more acute detection and greater emphasis on discrepancies between their actions and the sensory feedback in control judgments. We refer to the condition governed by the belief in having control as the exploitation mode. Conversely, when manipulating another individual’s face, the belief in personal control is absent. In such cases, individuals are likely to rely on the regularity between actions and sensory input for control judgments, exhibiting behaviors that are exploratory in nature to glean such information. This condition is termed the explorative mode. The study utilized a face-motion mixing paradigm, employing a deep generative model to enable participants to interact with either their own or another person’s face through facial and head movements. During the experiment, participants observed either their own face or someone else’s face (self-face vs. other-face) on the screen. The motion of the face was driven either purely by their own facial and head motion or by an average of the participant’s and the experimenter’s motion (full control vs. partial control). The results showed that participants reported a higher sense of agency over the other-face than the self-face, while their self-identification rating was significantly higher for the self-face. More importantly, controlling someone else’s face resulted in more movement diversity than controlling one’s own face. These findings support our exploration–exploitation theory: When participants had a strong belief in control triggered by the self-face, they became highly sensitive to any sensorimotor prediction errors, leading to a lower sense of agency. In contrast, when the belief of control was absent, the exploration mode triggered more explorative behaviors, allowing participants to efficiently gather information to establish a sense of agency.
Dynamics of confined water inside carbon nanotubes based on studying tetrahedral order parameters
Authors: Srivastava Amit , Abedrabbo Sufian , Hassan Jamal , Homouz Dirar
Published: July 2024

Water dynamics inside hydrophobic confinement, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), has garnered significant attention, focusing on water diffusion. However, a crucial aspect remains unexplored - the influence of confinement size on water ordering and intrinsic hydrogen bond dynamics. To address this gap, we conducted extensive molecular dynamics simulations to investigate local ordering and intrinsic hydrogen bond dynamics of water molecules within CNTs of various sizes (length:20 nm, diameters: 1.0 nm to 5.0 nm) over a wide range of temperatures (260K, 280K, 300K, and 320K). A striking observation emerged: in smaller CNTs, water molecules adopt an icy structure near tube walls while maintaining liquid state towards the center. Notably, water behavior within a 2.0 nm CNT stands out as an anomaly, distinct from other CNT sizes considered in this study. This anomaly was explained through the formation of water layers inside CNTs. The hydrogen bond correlation function of water within CNTs decayed more slowly than bulk water, with an increasing rate as CNT diameter increased. In smaller CNTs, water molecules hold onto their hydrogen bond longer than larger ones. Interestingly, in larger CNTs, the innermost layer’s hydrogen bond lasts a shorter time compared to the other layers, and this changes with temperature.
Influence of thickness and strength on plastic instability in tailored steel structures
Authors: Lu Rihuan , Chen Shoudong , Wang Xiaogong , Li Meihui , Zhang Sijia , Wang Sai , Hu Xianlei , Chen Jingqi , Huang Huagui , Liu Xianghua
Published: July 2024

A mathematical model was intricately devised to explore the influence of continuous variations in thickness and mechanical properties on the performance of tailor rolled blanks (TRB) and tailor rolled tubes (TRT). Through the integration of analytical and numerical techniques, it was discerned that these variations play a pivotal role in modulating stress distribution and strain localization, thereby inducing a spectrum of plastic instability behaviors within the structures. The introduction of an ‘equivalent strength’ metric as a novel means to quantify structural performance shed light on strategic material distribution to enhance durability and mechanical efficiency. Moreover, the insights garnered from this research deepen the understanding of the mechanical responses of tailor-rolled constructs under varying loads, offering valuable perspectives for the development and fabrication of engineered materials with bespoke properties. This study not only contributes to bridging a knowledge gap in the realm of tailored material engineering but also fosters the advancement of design methodologies in the construction of high-performance engineered structures.
Increased risks of retinal vascular occlusion in patients with migraine and the protective effects of migraine treatment: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ho Kuan-Yun , Lin Chia-Der , Hsu Tzu-Ju , Huang Yu-Han , Tsai Fuu-Jen , Liang Chiao-Ying
Published: July 2024

Associations between migraine and retinal vascular occlusion have been reported, but there is no large-scale and comprehensive study. Therefore, we aimed to determine risks of retinal vascular occlusion in patients with migraine. Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2009 to 2020, we enrolled 628,760 patients with migraine and 628,760 matched individuals without migraine. Study outcomes were diagnoses of retinal vascular occlusion, including retinal artery occlusion (RAO) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). Adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of retinal vascular occlusion related to migraine was estimated. The cumulative incidences of subsequent retinal vascular occlusion, RAO, and RVO were significantly higher in migraine patients compared with controls (0.31% vs. 0.21%; 0.09% vs. 0.05%; 0.22% vs. 0.17%; all p < 0.001). The hazards of retinal vascular occlusion, RAO, and RVO were significantly greater in the migraine group (aHR, 1.69 [95% CI, 1.57, 1.83], 2.13 [95% CI, 1.84, 2.48] and 1.53 [95% CI, 1.40, 1.68], respectively). Risks of retinal vascular occlusion were significantly higher in migraine both with aura (MA) and without aura (MO) (aHR, 1.77 [95% CI, 1.58, 1.98], and 1.92 [95% CI, 1.64, 2.25]). Among patients with migraine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, propranolol, and flunarizine significantly reduce their risks of retinal vascular occlusion (aHR, 0.19 [95% CI, 0.16, 0.22], 0.73 [95% CI, 0.62, 0.86], 0.84 [95% CI, 0.76, 0.93]). Migraine, MA and MO are independently associated with higher risks of retinal vascular occlusion, RAO, and RVO.
Study on adsorption of kaolinite and gold thiosulfate
Authors: Chen Zhonghang , Li Pengcheng , Wang Qianqian , Dai Shujuan
Published: July 2024

The adsorption behavior of gold thiosulfate ions on the surface of kaolinite was studied using a combination of experimental research and quantum chemical calculations. Under the condition of a stirring time of 30 min, a stirring speed of 500 r·min−1, and a mass ratio of 30% kaolinite in the slurry, when the initial gold concentration of 56.50 mg·L−1,the adsorption rate of gold-thiosulfate ions from a kaolinite-containing solution was 7.44%. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the physical and chemical adsorption of kaolinite and gold thiosulfate occurred in solution. Quantum chemical calculations were performed using the CASTEP module in Materials Studio. The adsorption energy of gold thiosulfate on the surface of kaolinite (001) was calculated as − 438.01 kJ·mol−1.The calculated H76–O289 distance was 1.615 Å. Mulliken Charge population analysis and bond population analysis showed that gold thiosulfate ions form relatively stable bonds on the kaolinite surface (001). In the process of thiosulfate immersion, part of gold is adsorbed by kaolinite, which affects the extraction of gold. These results indicate that during the leaching process of gold thiosulfate, kaolinite has the ability to "catch" gold, which affects the leaching efficiency.
A three-dimensional quantitative assessment on bony growth and symmetrical recovery of mandible after decompression for unicystic ameloblastoma
Authors: Bao Tingwei , Yu Di , Zheng Jiaqi , Zhu Wenyuan , Wei Dong , Wang Huiming
Published: July 2024

Unicystic ameloblastoma (UAM) of the jaw can be effectively reduced in volume through decompression, which promotes bone regeneration and restores jaw symmetry. This study quantitatively evaluated changes in mandible volume and symmetry following decompression of mandibular UAM. This study included 17 patients who underwent surgical decompression followed by second-stage curettage for mandibular UAM. Preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) images were collected. Bone volume and the area of cortical perforation were measured to assess bone growth during decompression. Mandibular volumetric symmetry was analyzed by calculating the volumetric ratio of the two sides of the mandible. Twelve pairs of landmarks were identified on the surface of the lesion regions, and their coordinates were used to calculate the mean asymmetry index (AI) of the mandible. Paired t-tests and the Mann–Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis, with p < 0.05 considered indicative of statistical significance. The mean duration of decompression was 9.41 ± 3.28 months. The mean bone volume increased by 8.07 ± 2.41%, and cortical perforation recovery was 71.97 ± 14.99%. The volumetric symmetry of the mandible improved significantly (p < 0.05), and a statistically significant decrease in AI was observed (p < 0.05). In conclusion, UAM decompression enhances bone growth and symmetry recovery of the mandible. The present evaluation technique is clinically useful for quantitatively assessing mandibular asymmetry.
Elevated pulse pressure preceded incident chronic kidney disease in the general older population in Sweden
Authors: Månsson Tomas , Rosso Aldana , Ellström Katarina , Elmståhl Sölve
Published: July 2024

Arterial stiffness (AS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are common in the older population. AS results in increased pulsatile pressure, elevated pulse pressure (PP), and is linked to hypertension. PP is a surrogate for AS. The kidney has low vascular resistance mechanisms, presumably making it vulnerable to the increased pulsatile pressure and hypertension associated with AS. The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of PP elevation on incident CKD (glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) and all-cause mortality. The data was collected from the general population cohort study “Good Aging in Skåne”. Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, and smoking habits were used to investigate the impact of three levels of PP elevation on incident CKD (n = 2693) and all-cause mortality (n = 5253). For PP < 60 mmHg, the median survival time was 18.7 years (event incident CKD) and first quartile survival time (event all-cause mortality) 15.4 years. Elevated PP ≥ 80 mmHg was associated with incident CKD (hazard ratio 1.59, CI 1.28–1.97), but not all-cause mortality. Our results suggest that a finding of PP ≥ 80 mmHg in older age should raise concern of kidney function.
Design of dual mode antenna using CMA and broadband dual-polarized antenna for 5G networks
Authors: Sathishkumar N. , Palanisamy SatheeshKumar , Natarajan Rajesh , Ouahada Khmaies , Hamam Habib
Published: July 2024

This article proposes a dual mode dual-polarized antenna configuration for IRNSS and fifth generation (5G) applications, operating at a frequency of 3.5 GHz based on characteristic mode analysis (CMA), and aims to provide broadband dual-polarized functionality. The original design of the antenna is a traditional patch antenna, and its dual-polarized features are determined using characteristic mode analysis. The full-wave method is used to stimulate both orthogonal modes using a 50 Ω coaxial input line at 3.5 GHz. In this design, the circular patch has been extended into an elliptical patch through a process of mode separation. The circular patch exhibits resonance at a frequency of 2.5 GHz, whereas the extended elliptical radiator demonstrates two resonance modes at 2.5 GHz and 3.5 GHz. The operational mechanism is elucidated by modal analysis and characteristic angle. This antenna operates on two different frequencies at the 2.5 GHz IRNSS band with horizontal polarization and the 3.5 GHz 5G service with vertical polarization. The maximum gain achieved with these frequency ranges is 5.31 dBi and 4.72 dBi, respectively. A ring resonator is chosen to improve the axial ratio and impedance bandwidth of the suggested prototype. The antenna's ground plane is shaped like a rectangle and features a V-shaped slot in the radiating patch. The antenna's physical footprint is 50 mm × 50 mm × 1.6 mm and an FR4 dielectric substrate serves as its foundation. Through its interaction with a PIN diode, the diode modifies the polarization of the antenna. The antenna functions as a right-handed circular polarization (RHCP), when the diode is operational. The bandwidth from 4.3 to 7.5 GHz is covered. On the other hand, it generates linear polarization (LP) between 4.2 and 5.3 GHz. The experimental antenna is evaluated and examined for its performance characteristics. The simulations are carried out utilizing the CST simulator. A prototype antenna has been manufactured and its performance has been validated against simulated findings.
Retrospective analysis of pathological changes in the maxillary sinus with CBCT
Authors: Dogan Mehmet Emin , Uluısık Nurbanu , Yuvarlakbaş Semahat Doğru
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the frequency of maxillary sinus pathologies and their relationship with each other using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to make a new grade according to the number of affected walls. 1000 maxillary sinuses of 500 patients with CBCT images were included in the study. Anatomical variations and pathological formations of the maxillary sinuses were examined. Images were evaluated for the presence of flat, polypoidal, partial and generalized mucosal thickening, partial and total opacification, polyps and mucous retention cysts. Maxillary sinus pathologies were graded according to the number of walls affected. In the examined CBCT images, no pathology was found in 54.2% of the maxillary sinuses, while pathology was observed in 45.8%. The most common sinus pathologies were mucous retention cyst (12.3%) and polypoidal thickening (12.2%). While pneumatization, ostium obstruction, and the presence of sinus-related roots were associated with sinus pathology, no relationship was found with nasal septum deviation and the presence of septa. Before dental implant and sinus surgery applications, the presence of sinus pathologies and their relationship with anatomical variations can be evaluated with CBCT, a three-dimensional technique, and complications such as sinus membrane perforation, infection, failure to break the bone window due to the presence of antral septa, graft loss and oroantral fistula formation can be reduced.
Exploring the potential of predicted miRNAs on the genes involved in the expansion of hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Elahimanesh Mohammad , Shokri Nafiseh , Shabani Ronak , Rahimi Maryam , Najafi Mohammad
Published: July 2024

A major challenge in therapeutic approaches applying hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is the cell quantity. The primary objective of this study was to predict the miRNAs and anti-miRNAs using bioinformatics tools and investigate their effects on the expression levels of key genes predicted in the improvement of proliferation, and the inhibition of differentiation in HSCs isolated from Human umbilical cord blood (HUCB). A network including genes related to the differentiation and proliferation stages of HSCs was constructed by enriching data of text (PubMed) and StemChecker server with KEGG signaling pathways, and was improved using GEO datasets. Bioinformatics tools predicted a profile from miRNAs containing miR-20a-5p, miR-423-5p, and chimeric anti-miRNA constructed from 5′-miR-340/3′-miR-524 for the high-score genes (RB1, SMAD4, STAT1, CALML4, GNG13, and CDKN1A/CDKN1B genes) in the network. The miRNAs and anti-miRNA were transferred into HSCs using polyethylenimine (PEI). The gene expression levels were estimated using the RT-qPCR technique in the PEI + (miRNA/anti-miRNA)-contained cell groups (n = 6). Furthermore, CD markers (90, 16, and 45) were evaluated using flow cytometry. Strong relationships were found between the high-score genes, miRNAs, and chimeric anti-miRNA. The RB1, SMAD4, and STAT1 gene expression levels were decreased by miR-20a-5p (P < 0.05). Additionally, the anti-miRNA increased the gene expression level of GNG13 (P < 0.05), whereas the miR-423-5p decreased the CDKN1A gene expression level (P < 0.01). The cellular count also increased significantly (P < 0.05) but the CD45 differentiation marker did not change in the cell groups. The study revealed the predicted miRNA/anti-miRNA profile expands HSCs isolated from HUCB. While miR-20a-5p suppressed the RB1, SMAD4, and STAT1 genes involved in cellular differentiation, the anti-miRNA promoted the GNG13 gene related to the proliferation process. Notably, the mixed miRNA/anti-miRNA group exhibited the highest cellular expansion. This approach could hold promise for enhancing the cell quantity in HSC therapy.
Comparison of four rheological models for estimating viscosity and rheological parameters of microwave treated Basil seed gum
Authors: Salehi Fakhreddin , Tashakori Maryam , Samary Kimia
Published: July 2024

Dispersion of Basil seed gum has high viscosity and exhibits shear-thinning behavior. This study aimed to analyze the influence of microwave treatment (MT) at various time intervals (0, 1, 2, and 3 min) on the viscosity and rheological behavior of Basil seed gum dispersion (0.5%, w/v). The finding of this study revealed that the apparent viscosity of Basil seed gum dispersion (non-treated dispersion) reduced from 0.330 Pa.s to 0.068 Pa.s as the shear rate (SR) increased from 12.2 s−1 to 171.2 s−1. Additionally, the apparent viscosity of the Basil seed gum dispersion reduced from 0.173 Pa.s to 0.100 Pa.s as the MT time increased from 0 to 3 min (SR = 61 s−1). The rheological properties of gum dispersion were successfully modeled using Power law (PL), Bingham, Herschel–Bulkley (HB), and Casson models, and the PL model was the best one for describing the behavior of Basil seed gum dispersion. The PL model showed an excellent performance with the maximum r-value (mean r-value = 0.942) and the minimum sum of squared error (SSE) values (mean SSE value = 5.265) and root mean square error (RMSE) values (mean RMSE value = 0.624) for all gum dispersion. MT had a considerable effect on the changes in the consistency coefficient (k-value) and flow behavior index (n-value) of Basil seed gum dispersion (p < 0.05). The k-value of Basil seed gum dispersion decreased significantly from 3.149 Pa.sn to 1.153 Pa.sn (p < 0.05) with increasing MT time from 0 to 3 min. The n-value of Basil seed gum dispersion increased significantly from 0.25 to 0.42 (p < 0.05) as the MT time increased. The Bingham plastic viscosity of Basil seed gum dispersion increased significantly from 0.029 Pa.s to 0.039 Pa.s (p < 0.05) while the duration of MT increased. The Casson yield stress of Basil seed gum dispersion notably reduced from 5.010 Pa to 2.165 Pa (p < 0.05) with increasing MT time from 0 to 3 min.
A green, fluorescent probe employing erythrosine-B for tracing the accidental administration of levamisole in milk and plasma samples
Authors: El Abass Samah Abo , Wahba May E. K. , Draz Mohammed E.
Published: July 2024

A simple and sensitive fluorescent probe has been developed and optimized to detect the non-intentional administration of levamisole (LVM).
Electron-donating and -withdrawing groups discriminate the fluorometric sensing of phosgene
Authors: Karak Anirban , Ghosh Pintu , Banerjee Shilpita , Mandal Debasish , Mahapatra Ajit Kumar
Published: July 2024

EDG assists thiophene-based probe TCAO for the rapid and selective detection of phosgene via RIR and ‘ICT-on’ mechanism.
Biomaterials as a new option for treating sensorineural hearing loss
Authors: Wang Liwen , Zhang Ruhe , Jiang Linlan , Gao Shuyi , Wu Jun , Jiao Yuenong
Published: July 2024

Biomaterials as a new option has revolutionized the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss.
Inverse kinetic isotope effect of ammonia decomposition over Ru/CeO2 using deuterated ammonia
Authors: Suguro Takuya , Kishimoto Fuminao , Kuramoto Sota , Movick William J. , Takanabe Kazuhiro
Published: July 2024

On Ru surfaces, D2 equilibrates to lower coverage than H2. Shifts in surface coverage cause an inverse kinetic isotope effect on NH3/ND3 decomposition indirectly, rather than directly changing the rate constant of the rate-determining step.
Rate coefficients for the O + H2 and O + D2 reactions: how well ring polymer molecular dynamics accounts for tunelling
Authors: Menéndez Marta , Veselinova Anzhela , Zanchet Alexandre , Jambrina Pablo G. , Aoiz F. Javier
Published: July 2024

Comparison of the kinetic isotope effect using QM, RPMD and QCT with experimental data.
Organic molecular sieves adorned with s-tetrazine: an efficient platform for gram-scale organic photoredox catalysis
Authors: Xu Xin , Ge Jingjing , He Xin , Shang Tiantian , Pan Zhenliang , Ren Yunlai , Xie Lixia , An Wan-Kai
Published: July 2024

Concisely constructing s-tetrazine-embedded organic molecular sieve photocatalysts for the gram-scale synthesis of benzimidazoles in batch and flow.
Halide perovskite-based nanomaterials for the detection and photocatalytic removal of gaseous pollutants
Authors: Xiao Zhijian , Li Jialin , Mai Xueyi , Yang Jingling , Zhu Mingshan
Published: July 2024

Halide perovskite-based nanomaterials are used in detection devices and photocatalytic removal of gaseous pollutants emitted from the atmosphere, ultimately achieving atmospheric protection.
SMM features of a large lanthanide family of butterfly CrIII2LnIII2 pivalate complexes (Ln = Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb)
Authors: Cabrosi Daiana , Mecchia Ortiz Juan H. , Carrella Luca M. , Rentschler Eva , Alborés Pablo
Published: July 2024

We report the synthesis, structural characterization and SMM properties of a large family of {CrIII2LnIII2} complexes.
Temperature-dependent hydrogenation behaviour and hydrogen storage thermodynamics of Mg0.9In0.1 solid solution alloy
Authors: Xu Yingyu , Peng Cong , Zhang Qingan
Published: July 2024

Polymorphism of Mg3In leads to different hydrogenation features of Mg(In) solid solution and distinct dehydrogenation enthalpies of hydrogenated products in various temperature ranges.
Efficient net transfer-dehydrogenation of glycerol: NNN pincer–Mn and manganese chloride as a catalyst unlocks the effortless production of lactic acid and isopropanol
Authors: Bisarya Akshara , Dhole Sunil , Kumar Akshai
Published: July 2024

Glycerol to lactic acid conversion is accomplished with remarkable efficiency, achieving yields up to 92% with >99% selectivity by utilizing the base metal salt MnCl2·4H2O and its NNN pincer complexes as catalysts.
Application of magnesium oxide nanoparticles as a novel sustainable approach to enhance crop tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses
Authors: Ali Sharafat , Ulhassan Zaid , Shahbaz Hafsah , Kaleem Zohaib , Yousaf Muhammad Arslan , Ali Skhawat , Sheteiwy Mohamed S. , Waseem Muhammad , Ali Shafaqat , Zhou Weijun
Published: July 2024

Abiotic stresses (heavy metals, drought, salinity, etc.) or biotic pathogens (bacteria, fungi, nematodes, etc.) contribute to major losses in crop yields.
Hydrothermal metal recovery of metal-contaminated wastewater with forest residue: a zero waste discharge process
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Reddy Sivamohan N.
Published: July 2024

This study demonstrates a zero-waste discharge, hydrothermal treatment of industrial metal effluent infused with agricultural waste for co-generation of a hydrogen-rich gas mixture and nanometal carbon composites for diverse applications.
Circulating low-molecular-weight (poly)phenol metabolites in the brain: unveiling in vitro and in vivo blood–brain barrier transport
Authors: Carecho Rafael , Marques Daniela , Carregosa Diogo , Masuero Domenico , Garcia-Aloy Mar , Tramer Federica , Passamonti Sabina , Vrhovsek Urska , Ventura M. Rita , Brito Maria Alexandra , Nunes dos Santos Cláudia , Figueira Inês
Published: July 2024

Circulating metabolites resulting from colonic metabolism of dietary (poly)phenols are highly abundant in the bloodstream, though still marginally explored, particularly concerning their brain accessibility.
Synthesis and characterization of safranal@MIL-88B(Fe) nanostructures and their preliminary anticancer and antibacterial characteristics
Authors: Alkaabi Alia , Ahsan Khansa , Munawar Nayla , Samadi Abdelouahid , El-Maghraby Hesham , Amin Amr , Greish Yaser
Published: July 2024

Fe-based metal-organic framework nanostructures loaded with Safranal show potential as anticancer and antibacterial formulations.
Spirobifluorene-fused strategy enables pure-green multiple resonance emitters with low efficiency roll-off
Authors: Cheng Hu , Lan Jingbo , Yang Yudong , Bin Zhengyang
Published: July 2024

The spiroannulation of multiple resonance core skeleton gives rise to pure-green emitters and superior electroluminescence performance with low efficiency roll-off.
In situ SEM fatigue testing technology for metallic materials: a review
Authors: Zhang Bin , Li Longyu , Zhang Xuecheng , Sun Xiangcheng , Zhao Xinbao , Zhang Yuefei , Zhang Ze
Published: July 2024

This review highlights an overview of the application and latest advances in in situ SEM fatigue technology in metallic materials.
Solar-driven water evaporation using a collaborative photothermal conversion material system based on carbonized waste polyphenylene sulfide and copper sulfide
Authors: Wei Xuejing , Zou Zixuan , Liao Meng , Deng Liumi , Yao Jiayi , Sun Li , Chen Shaohua , Liu Yuhao , Chen Jiayue
Published: July 2024

This study provides a new use for waste polyphenylene sulphide and the CP/CuS-wood evaporator has good photothermal evaporation performance and cycling durability.
Visible-light-induced C–H alkylation of 2-amino-1,4-naphthoquinones
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Ruan Pingping , Chen Jian , Chen Kang , Ma Zhaohui , Guo Li , Lv Guanghui , Wu Yong
Published: July 2024

Simple and practical strategies for visible-light-induced C–H alkylation of 2-amino-1,4-naphthoquinones with cyclobutanone oxime esters and hydroxamic acid derivatives have been developed under mild and redox-neutral conditions.
N-Confused strapped calix[4]pyrrole: the missing member of calix[4]pyrrole chemistry
Authors: Roy Anik , Halder Dibakar , Patra Ashoke Kumar , Frontera Antonio , Saha Indrajit
Published: July 2024

The synthesis and anion binding behavior of N-confused strapped calix[4]pyrrole are described for the first time.
Reactions of alkynes with C–S bond formation: recent developments
Authors: Xu Yuemei , Zhang Shujuan , Huang Dayun , Wu Xiangmei
Published: July 2024

Alkynes are important in organic synthesis. This review mainly focuses on the recent advances (2013–2023) on alkynes with C–S bond formation, based on more than 30 kinds of sulfur reagents.
Catalyst-free photoarylation of 2-aryl-2H-indazoles by carbon–iodine bond activation
Authors: Prasanna Ram , Banik Swarnayu , Ajay Chidrawar , Sridhar B. , Mohapatra Debendra K. , Subba Reddy B. V.
Published: July 2024

A catalyst-free photoarylation of 2-aryl-2H-indazoles by carbon–iodine bond activation has been developed for the synthesis of C3-arylated indazoles in moderate to good yields.
Polymer conformation determination by NMR spectroscopy: comparative diffusion ordered 1H-NMR spectroscopy of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)s and poly(ethylene glycol) in D2O
Authors: Monnery Bryn D. , Jerca Valentin Victor , Hoogenboom Richard , Swift Thomas
Published: July 2024

Diffusion ordered 1H-NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) is a useful, non-destructive technique for analysing polymer hydrodynamic size and in solution viscosity.
A 3D structural NC/ZnO@carbon cloth matrix as a potassiophilic host for a dendrite-free potassium metal anode
Authors: Xia Shuanghong , Xu Haoshan , Zou Hao , Shang Mengyao , Li Ling , Ouyang Bo , Zhang Wenming
Published: July 2024

Metallic potassium batteries (PMBs), with natural abundance and relatively low operating potentials, are considered one of the mighty alternatives to lithium-ion batteries.
Heteroanionic [VOxS4−x] groups: tetrahedral units with large birefringence for mid-infrared nonlinear optical crystals
Authors: Zhang Shengzi , Dong Linfeng , Xu Bohui , Chen Huige , Huo Hao , Liang Fei , Wu Rui , Gong Pifu , Lin Zheshuai
Published: July 2024

Tetrahedral groups comprising [VOxS4−x] (x = 0–4) units have the potential to enhance birefringence characteristics. Their balanced mid-IR NLO attributes make them a promising avenue of investigation for the exploration of NLO materials.
Phytochemical profiling of Livistona carinensis leaf extract via UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS with assessment of its antiviral mechanisms
Authors: Mahrous Amr M. K. , Hifnawy Mohamed S. , Ashour Rehab M. S. , Issa Marwa Yousry , Zayed Ahmed
Published: July 2024

Among 36 species of the genus Livistona (family Palmae or Arecaceae), L. carinensis is considered the only species native to Africa.
Aliphatic hyperbranched polyphosphate: a novel multicolor RTP material with AIE character
Authors: Wang Lianlian , Yan Hongxia
Published: July 2024

Photoluminescence mechanism of hyperbranched polyphosphate.
Extraction and separation of anthocyanins from Kushui rose by ethanol-(NH4)2SO4 aqueous two-phase system
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Li Tongyu , An Hongxu , Wang Xinyi , Han Juan , Wang Yun
Published: July 2024

Simultaneous extraction of anthocyanins and removal of sugars from Kushui rose was performed using an ethanol-ammonium sulphate aqueous two-phase system (ATPS).
Utilizing weakly donor–acceptor ternary π-conjugated architecture to achieve single-component white luminescence and stimulus-responsive room-temperature phosphorescence
Authors: Huang Wenbin , Zhu Yuxin , Xie Xinwei , Tang Guanqun , Zhou Kang , Song Lijuan , He Zikai
Published: July 2024

Weakly D–A ternary π-conjugated skeleton is proposed to improve room temperature phosphorescence through synergistic strategies, and achieves high phosphorescence proportion and stimulus-responsive emission, and single-component white luminescence.
Accurate construction of monolayer, bilayer, sandwich bilayer, four-layer, multi-layer and chiral bilayer 2D pillararene-type supramolecular networks
Authors: Chen Zhao-Nian , Zhang Le-Ping , Wu Huai-Li , Qi Qiao-Yan , Yan Meng , Tian Jia , Yang Guan-Yu , Li Zhan-Ting , Yang Bo
Published: July 2024

2D monolayer, bilayer, sandwich bilayer, four-layer, multi-layer and chiral bilayer supramolecular networks were constructed from tetrapyridine functionalized pillararene and Co(ii) and Cu(ii) through controlling the temperature and guest induction.
Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance of α-Fe2O3 photoanodes through Co-modification with Co single atoms and g-C3N4
Authors: Wu Juan , Du Xiaodi , Li Mingjie , Chen Hongyu , Hu Bin , Ding Hongwei , Wang Nannan , Jin Lin , Liu Weisheng
Published: July 2024

In this study, a photoanode material, g-C3N4/Fe2O3 anchored with Co single atoms (Co SAs) (CoSAs-g-C3N4/Fe2O3), was designed and assembled to improve water oxidation performance. The synergistic effect of g-C3N4/Fe2O3 heterojunction and Co SAs facilitated efficient charge separation.
3D printable and mechanically tunable hydrogels achieved through hydrophobic and ionic interactions
Authors: Imani Kusuma Betha Cahaya , Park Jeongbin , Yoon Jinhwan
Published: July 2024

3D printable hydrogels with thermal stiffening properties are achieved by combining hydrophobic interactions that enhance ionic bonds.
Oxygen defect regulation and photocatalytic-peroxymonosulfate activation of Co(ii)/BiPO4−x composites synergistically promoting medical waste degradation
Authors: Zhang Jiaying , Fan Fan , Zhu Wei , Yao Wenqing , Zhao Fupeng , Yang Zhuang , Wang Cong , Wang Yajun
Published: July 2024

The loading of Co(ii) increases the oxygen defect concentration of BiPO4−x, therefore more photogenerated electrons can involve in the Co cycling to promote PMS activation.
Coupling hydrogen bond donors and atomically dispersed Zn–N4 sites in porous N-doped carbon for CO2 fixation to cyclic carbonates
Authors: Yang Zicheng , Ni Jiale , Duan Chengyuan , Feng Yi , Yao Jianfeng
Published: July 2024

Tea saponin-derived porous carbon bearing abundant –OH/–COOH groups, N-doping and atomically dispersed Zn–N4 sites is designed for CO2 fixation to cyclic carbonates.
Design and synthesis of organic radical functionalized vanadium pentoxide towards long-life aqueous zinc ion batteries
Authors: Zhao Jingxin , Lu Hongyu , Wang Litong , Zhang Kaiqi , Gao Yuanyuan , Deng Shenzhen , Liu Xinlong , Zhu Changyan , Xu Bingang
Published: July 2024

A facile “two-in-one” strategy was proposed to achieve a V2O5-TEMPO cathode for large capacity and long-life zinc–organic batteries.
Versatile metal fluorides in ion battery application
Authors: Xiao Shanshan , Sun Pengtao , Xie Yingying , Zhou Xianggang , Li Yingqi , Wang Liyan
Published: July 2024

In this review, various cutting-edge metal fluorides applied as cathode materials, protective artificial interphase films, and solid electrolytes are systematically summarized.
Exceptional dielectric performance of MLCCs enabled by defect-engineered BaTiO3
Authors: Wang Pengfei , Huang Xiong , Luan Saiwei , Zhao Jianwei , Li Bo , Yang Jun , Fu Zhenxiao , Cao Xiuhua , Zhang Lei , Yu Shuhui , Sun Rong
Published: July 2024

The performance of MLCCs is determined by the core–shell ratio of the grain and domain wall motion. The former is determined by and , and the latter is determined by defect dipoles, which all depend on the Ba/Ti ratio.
Configuration-dependent hollow heterostructures for highly efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Li Yingqiang , Zhang Tao , Liu Yifan , Liu Chao , Sun Jingwen , Che Jianfei , Xiong Pan , Zhu Junwu
Published: July 2024

A configuration-dependent strategy significantly boosts the photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency of hollow core–shell heterostructures through improved light response range, carrier transport, and electron–hole separation rates.
Functional analysis of a panel of molecular markers for diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus in rats
Authors: Azzam May A. , Fahim Sally A. , ElMonier Asmaa A. , Maurice Nadine W.
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a diverse autoimmune disease that arises from a combination of complex genetic factors and environmental influences. While circRNAs and miRNAs have recently been identified as promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis, their specific expression patterns, and clinical implications in SLE are not yet fully understood.

Aim of the work: The aim of the present study was to determine the role of a panel of noncoding-RNAs specifically circRNAs (circ-TubD1, circ-CDC27, and circ-Med14), along with miRNA (rno-miR-146a-5p) and mRNA (TRAF6), as novel minimally invasive diagnostic biomarkers for experimentally induced SLE. Additionally, the study involved an insilico bioinformatics analysis to explore potential pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SLE, aiming to enhance our understanding of the disease, enable early diagnosis, and facilitate improved treatment strategies.

Materials and methods: SLE was induced in rats using single IP injection of incomplete Freund’s adjuvant (IFA). The Induction was confirmed by assessing the ANA and anti-ds DNA levels using ELSA technique. qPCR analysis was conducted to assess the expression of selected RNAs in sera collected from a group of 10 rats with induced SLE and a control group of 10 rats. In addition, bioinformatics and functional analysis were used to construct a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network and to determine the potential function of these differentially expressed circRNAs.

Results: SLE rats demonstrated significantly higher expression levels of circ-CDC27, circ-Med14, and rno-miR-146a-5p as well as TRAF6, with lower expression level of circ-TubD1 in sera of SLE rats relative to controls. ROC curve analysis indicated that all the selected non-coding RNAs could serve as potential early diagnostic markers for SLE. In addition, the expression level of circ-TubD1 was negatively correlated with rno-miR-146a-5p, however, rno-miR-146a-5p was positively correlated with TRAF6. Bioinformatic analysis revealed the incorporation of the circRNAs targeted genes in various immune system and neurodegeneration pathways.

Conclusions: Therefore, circRNAs; circ-TubD1, circ-CDC27, and circ-Med14, in addition to the miRNA (rno-miR-146a-5p) and mRNA (TRAF6) may be involved in the development of SLE and may have promising roles for future diagnosis and targeted therapy.