bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Establishment of a Scheme of DNA Fingerprinting and Sequencing to Distinguish the Caryopsis Samples of the Exportable Rice Cultivars from a Panel of Mega-Varieties
Authors: Ananda G. K. S. , Wijesundara W. W. M. U. K. , Herath H. M. V. P. K. , Karunrathne S. I. , Kannangara S. K. , Ranaweera L. T. , Rathnayake P. G. R. G. , Abeysundara S. P. , Udawela U. A. K. S. , Weerakoon W. M. W. , Weebadde C. K. , Sooriyapathirana S. D. S. S.
Published: December 2020

The Rice Research and Development Institute (RRDI) of Sri Lanka has developed five exportable rice cultivars; At 362, Bg 94-1, Bg 360, Bg 1165-2, and Bw-Bs-1-2-31.The present study was conducted to establish the identities of these five cultivars at caryopsis level in comparison compared to those of mega rice cultivars (Bg 352, Bg 300, Bg 358, Bg 359, Bg 357, Bg 379-2, and At 353) in Sri Lanka using DNA fingerprinting and sequencing. These rice cultivars were grown in a greenhouse and a field using breeder-seeds. The seeds were harvested and subjected to a morphometric analysis using decision tree algorithms based on the size and colour of seeds and caryopses. The algorithms estimated the percentage accuracy of detection based on morphometric analysis ranged from 3.13-84.38 %. Similar seed and caryopsis combinations were grouped and exposed them to a panel of human subjects to discriminate the samples in each combination and subjected the data to calculate Kappa (K) and inter-rater reliability (IRR) statistics. The K was always 0.00, and IRR was 27% implying the inability of accurate visual differentiation. In the DNA fingerprinting analysis, a set of six SSR markers (RM206, RM246, RM251, RM335, RM475, and RM23744) were selected that can establish the cultivar identity. In addition, the combined analysis of DNA sequencing of 12 cultivars with three selected loci, (Seq 7-8, HvSSR12-34 and RM23744) authenticated the varietal identities.
Quality and Price Variation in the Dairy Value Chian: A Case Study in Monaragala District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Wickrama P. S. S. L. , Sandika A. L. , Jayamanne V. S.
Published: December 2020

Low value addition, quality and price variations have been recognized as common problems of value chains in developing countries. Objective of the present study was to examine the quality and price variations throughout the dairy value chain in a less developed region in Sri Lanka. Wellawaya divisional secretariat of Monaragala district was purposively selected as the study area. Primary data were collected by using pre-tested, structured questionnaires. Laboratory tests of milk and curd samples were carried out to check the quality variation using standard methods. Milk samples were collected from three levels including farmer (10), processor (10 from each, milk and curd) and retailer (10) to determine the quality variation. According to the results, price of curd and yoghurt at consumer level was increased by 36% and 77% compared to the farm gate price. Farmer received the highest profit per liter of milk (68.00 LKR) in the shortest value chain (D) out of four main chains identified. The markets’ margin was estimated at 36%. Farmer had the largest share of 64% followed by processor (20%), retailer (8%), collector (4%), and wholesaler (4%). It was evident that farmers received fair profit through all four dairy value chains. However, solid non-fat percentage, specific gravity and pH of analyzed samples through the value chain were not comply with the standards. In conclusion, the prices of dairy products have increased while deteriorating the quality along the chain. It is therefore important to educate and train actors throughout the dairy value chain on quality management.
Design, Fabrication and Evaluation of a Hand-Operated Semi-Automatic Chopping Machine for Leafy Vegetables and Medicinal Herbs
Authors: Kahandage P. D. , Darmasena D. A. N. , Kosgollegedara E. J.
Published: December 2020

A hand-operated semi-automatic vegetable chopping machine was designed, fabricated and evaluated to introduce an efficient chopping machine to ease the preparation of leafy vegetables and herbal medicines. The main features and components of the chopping machine were integrated cutting and feeding mechanism, operating handle, cylindrical container, piston, collecting drawer and the frame. The machine was designed to operate manually reducing the operational & capital cost and to ease the use in rural areas, where there is no electrical supply. A performance test was done for this machine using four different leafy vegetables and medicinal herbs [Mukunuwenna (Alternanthera sessilis), Kankun (Ipomoea aquatica), Gotu kola (Centella asiatica) and Kathuru murunga (Sesbania grandiflora)] in comparison with manual chopping using a general kitchen knife. Five unskilled males and females were involved in a performance test with three replicates. The three-factor factorial experimental design was used in the evaluation. The actual capacity and the efficiency of the chopping machine were 1.81 kg h-1 and 74%, respectively compared to 1.02 kg h-1 and 76% of the manual kitchen knife. The average width of a particle cut by machine and kitchen knife were 1.87 mm and 3.38 mm, respectively. According to the user-feedback, this machine is a safe, affordable and convenient device for processing vegetables and herbal medicines.
Rapid response air medical evacuation by civilian HEMS crew of critical patients during COVID-19 outbreak – First Fixed Points
Authors: Del Romano Mauro , Ciapessoni Lorenzo , Di Mola Francesca , Romanò Gabriele , Gavezzotti Massimo , Rigamonti Marcello , Carnelli Monica , Cappelletti Roberto , Peup Elena Sala , Orlandi Edgardo , Villa Guido Francesco , Manuel Giordana , Ponzoni Walter
Published: December 2020

The Covid-19 emergency requires a shared plan for the longrange helicopter transfer of patients affected by the virus in order to reduce the overload of intensive care units. To date, there is limited peer reviewed literature on aeromedical transport of patients with highly hazardous communicable diseases, most of it is military, and none deals specifically with patients affected by Covid- 19. To meet this need, we propose reference criteria regarding preflight, in-flight and post-flight patient management and helicopter sanitization.
A Comparison of Psychological Readiness and Patient-Reported Function Between Sexes After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Kuenze Christopher , Bell David R. , Grindstaff Terry L. , Lisee Caroline M. , Birchmeier Thomas , Triplett Ashley , Pietrosimone Brian
Published: December 2020

Context

Postoperative functional and return-to-sport outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) differ by sex. However, whether sex disparities are observed in patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) before return to sport after ACLR is unclear.

Objectives

To compare common PROMs between young men and women who had not yet returned to sport after ACLR.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

University laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants

Forty-five young men (age = 18.7 ± 2.7 years, time since surgery = 6.8 ± 1.4 months) and 45 women matched for age (±1 year) and time since surgery (±1 month; age = 18.8 ± 2.8 years, time since surgery = 6.9 ± 1.4 months) with ACLR participated.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Participants completed the Tegner Activity Scale, ACL Return to Sport After Injury scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Score, and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). The PROMs were compared between men and women using Mann-Whitney U tests. Odds ratios were calculated to evaluate the odds of a male reporting a PROM value above the previously established normative value as compared with a female.

Results

Sex differences were present for the IKDC score (P = .01) and KOOS Pain score (P = .04) but not for the Tegner Activity Scale (P = .22), ACL Return to Sport After Injury scale score (P = .78), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia score (P = .64), or other KOOS subscales (P values = .40 to .52). The odds of reporting values above normative levels differed only for the IKDC score (odds ratio = 2.72, 95% confidence interval = 1.16, 6.38).

Conclusions

After ACLR, young men and women reported similar levels of knee-related function, fear of movement, and readiness for return to sport and were equally likely to meet clinically meaningful normative values before return to sport. Overreliance on patient reports or objective functional outcomes in evaluating patient progress and readiness for return to sport after ACLR may limit clinicians in their ability to comprehensively evaluate and develop individualized interventional approaches that optimize patient outcomes.
Development and characterization of a nano-drug delivery system containing vasaka phospholipid complex to improve bioavailability using quality by design approach
Authors: Nandhini Sundaresan , Ilango Kaliappan
Published: December 2020

Background and purpose:

Vasicine is a potential bronchodilator and can be used for the effective management of asthma and bronchitis. It has low absorption in the gastrointestinal tract due to its poor solubility thereby low bioavailability. The objective of this research was to develop a novel drug delivery system of vasaka extract to improve its bioavailability by enhancing the solubility and absorption of vasicine.

Experimental approach:

Vasaka-loaded phytosomes were developed and optimized by thin-layer hydration technique using systematic quality by design approach. Box-Behnken design (32 factorial design) using Design-Expert software was employed to optimize phytosome wherein phosphatidylcholine concentration (X1), stirring temperature (X2), and stirring time (X3) were selected as independent variables. Yield (%), particle size (nm), and entrapment efficiency (%) were evaluated as responses. The optimized phytosome was characterized by studying the surface morphology such as FE-SEM and TEM analysis, thermal characteristics by thermal gravimetric analysis and spectral and diffraction studies by FTIR and XRD analysis and studying the dissolution behaviour of phytosome by in vitro release study.

Findings/Results:

The percentage yield, particle size, and entrapment efficiency values of the phytosomes were found in the range of 30.03-97.03%, 231.0-701.4 nm, and 20.02-95.88% w/w, respectively. The optimized phytosome showed the zeta potential of -23.2 mV exhibited good stability and SEM and TEM analysis revealed the spherical shape and smooth particles with the uniform particle size distribution of phytosomes. The comparative in vitro drug release study of vasaka extract and phytosome revealed the sustained release characteristics of phytosome which reached 68.80% at 8 h compared to vasaka extract reached a maximum of 45.08% at 4 h.

Conclusion and implication:

The results highlighted the importance of optimization of formulation development using quality by design strategy to achieve consistent quality of pharmaceutical products.
Pediatric Glutaric Aciduria Type 1
Authors: Cornelius Leema P. , Raju Vivekasaravanan , Julin Asir
Published: December 2020

Introduction:

Glutaric aciduria type I is an autosomal recessive disorder of lysine metabolism due to the defect of the enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase. The regression of milestones following an intercurrent infection with disabling dystonia is the common presentation. We report the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of 14 south Indian children with glutaric aciduria type I.

Results:

Males predominated the study (57.1%). The mean age of onset of the symptoms was 8.57 ± 3.57 months. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 35.21 ± 48.31 months. The history of consanguinity was noted in 57.1%. Development was normal prior to the onset of acute crises in nearly three fourths. Acute crises triggered by infection followed by the regression of milestones was the major presenting feature in 10 children (71.4%). Macrocephaly was another prominent feature in an equal number. Bat's wing appearance (fronto temporal atrophy) was present in all children. Nearly 80% had moderate to severe disability in the form of dystonic movement disorder and spastic quadriparesis.

Conclusion:

Glutaric aciduria type Ihas to be identified and managed early to have a better outcome.
Plongements polyédraux tendus et nombre chromatique relatif des surfaces à bord
Authors: Jammes Pierre
Published: December 2020

Le nombre chromatique relatif
$c_0(S)$
d’une surface compacte S à bord est défini comme la borne supérieure des nombres chromatiques des graphes plongés dans S avec tous leurs sommets sur
$\partial S$
. Cet invariant topologique a été introduit pour l’étude de la multiplicité de la première valeur propre de Steklov sur S. Dans cet article, on montre que
$c_0(S)$
est aussi pertinent pour l’étude des plongements polyédraux tendus de S en établissant deux résultats. Le premier est que s’il existe un plongement polyédral tendu de S dans
$\mathbb {R}^n$
qui n’est pas contenu dans un hyperplan, alors
$n\leq c_0(S)-1$
. Le second est que cette inégalité est optimale pour les surfaces de petit genre.
Direct and inverse problems for the nonlinear time-harmonic Maxwell equations in Kerr-type media
Authors: Assylbekov Yernat M. , Zhou Ting
Published: December 2020

In the current paper we consider an inverse boundary value problem of electromagnetism in a nonlinear Kerr medium. We show the unique determination of the electromagnetic material parameters and the nonlinear susceptibility parameters of the medium by making electromagnetic measurements on the boundary. We are interested in the case of the time-harmonic Maxwell equations.
Design of an Acoustic-Based Nondestructive Test (NDT) Instrument to Predict the Modulus of Elasticity of Wood
Authors: Utami Sentagi Sesotya , Mappuji Abdurrahman , Achmad Balza , Awaluddin Ali , Ayutyastuti Ayutyastuti , Luckyarno Yakub Fahim , Yanti Ressy Jaya
Published: December 2020

Modulus of elasticity (E) can predict the mechanical characteristics, as well as grade the quality of wood. The Destructive Test (DT) method is the more commonly used, where the wood sample is split up when being tested. This research used the NDT method based on the longitudinal stress wave method (LSWM) whilst utilizing handheld instruments. The calculated E-dynamic (Ed) from the NDT method was compared with the E-static (Es) from the DT method to validate the technique. Six different wood types were tested with ten samples of each kind. An average R-value of 0.898 was obtained, indicating a high correlation between the Ed values and Es values. The LSWM method requires reliable hardware and software to record the impulse response. It starts by hitting the wood with a hammer to create an impulse, finding the resonance frequency (f0), and later calculating the Ed. A more practical and easy-to-use handheld mobile instrument was developed using a Raspberry Pi-2 microcomputer as the signal processor, an LCD touchscreen, a USB soundcard, and a dynamic microphone that covers 0.1-5kHz and -64 ± 3dB. An internal telecommunication system is provided to support measurements conducted at lumber mills. The software includes band-pass filtering of the recorded spectrum where the f0 is depicted. A time-domain envelope fitting is then applied to the filtered spectrum to obtain the R2envelope. A low R2envelope value indicates an inadequate impulse response, and therefore, the test should be redone.
The Design of Experimental Production of Briquette Solid Fuel from Oil Palm Fiber and Kernel Meal Residual
Authors: Sitthipong Siva , Towatana Prawit , Lohwirakorn Sittipong , Meengam Chaiyoot , Chainarong Suppachai
Published: December 2020

The objective of this research was to study the experimental design for the production of briquette solid fuel from oil palm fiber and kernel meal residue by Factorial Design. Independent variables consisted of mixture ratio of oil palm fiber to oil palm kernel meal residue, percent of coordinate volume and the briquette forming pressure whereas the dependent variables were composed of compression resistance value, impact resistance value and combustion rate. The results of the experimental design showed that at 20 tons of forming pressure, the mixture ratio of kernel meal residue to oil palm fiber 80:20 and 20 percent of coordinate volume provided the best compression resistance value of 2,636 Newton with 85.75% impact resistance value, combustion rate of 1.71 Grams/Minute, heating value of 4386.3 Calories/Gram and the density of 700 Kilograms/Cubic Meter.
Comparison of Different Synthesis Schemes for Production of Sodium Methoxide from Methanol and Sodium Hydroxide
Authors: Aeamsuksai Natthiyar , Mueansichai Thirawat , Charoensuppanimit Pongtorn , Kim-Lohsoontorn Pattaraporn , Aiouache Farid , Assabumrungrat Suttichai
Published: December 2020

This research investigates the process simulation of sodium methoxide (NaOCH3) synthesis from methanol (CH3OH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) under three synthesis schemes: schemes A, B, and C. Scheme A consisted of one equilibrium reactor and two distillation columns, scheme B one reactive distillation column and one distillation column, and scheme C one reactive distillation column and pervaporation membrane. The simulation parameters included CH3OH/NaOH feed flow ratio (1.2-1.6), number of stages (5-30), bottom flow rate (1400-1600 kg/h), and feed stage location (5, 10, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24). The simulation parameters were varied to determine the optimal NaOCH3 synthetic conditions under different schemes with 0.01 wt% water content, maximum 45 wt% NaOCH3, and the lowest total energy consumption. The results showed that scheme C had the lowest total energy consumption (34.25 GJ/h) under the optimal synthetic condition of 1.4 for CH3OH/NaOH feed flow ratio, 25 for the number of stages, 1550 kg/h for the bottom flow rate, and the 24th feed stage location, with the NaOCH3 flow rate of 675 kg/h. Scheme C thus holds promising potential as an energy-efficient alternative for synthesis of NaOCH3. The novelty of this research lies in the use of pervaporation membrane in place of distillation column to separate CH3OH from water and to lower energy consumption and capital cost.
Epistaxis caused by nasal septum angioleiomyoma
Authors: Noreikaite G. , Kim S.A. , Horcher A.
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND: Angioleiomyoma is an uncommon, benign tumour originating from vascular smooth muscle. Occurrence in the nasal cavity, especially the nasal septum, is rare with only 16 cases of nasal septal angioleiomyoma reported thus far. We present a new case of nasal septal angioleiomyoma. CASE PRESENTATION: 52-year-old female presented with a three-week history of persistent epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Physical examination revealed a right sided nasal mass originating from the septum. The tumour was endoscopically excised and sent for pathological evaluation which revealed the diagnosis of angioleiomyoma. The patient was followed for six months postoperati- vely and showed no evidence of lesion recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Because nasal cavity angioleiomyoma recurrence has been reported due to incomplete tumour resection, wide marginal excision is necessary for successful treatment. There have been no cases of malignant transformation of nasal angiolei- omyomas; however, malignant transformation at other sites has been reported. For these reasons, it is important to adequately biopsy and remove angioleiomyoma lesions.
“Permanent Revolution” to Effect an Ever-Evasive (Ecological) Utopia in Ursula K. Le Guin’s The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia
Authors: Changizi Parisa
Published: December 2020

This article aims to analyse Ursula Le Guin’s The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia from an ecological perspective. In her ecologically conscious story, Le Guin explores the (ironic) manifestation and repercussions of humanity’s environmental fear, the virtues and ills of an ever-evasive ecological utopian society that is paradoxically informed by eco-friendly and ecophobic propensities in its pursuit of freedom through the vigorous practice of the art of dispossession, and the possibility of transcending the hyper-separated categories of difference that include the human/non-human dichotomy. What Le Guin seeks in her fictional effort above all is a permanent revolution advocating a never-ending diligent and earnest endeavour to effect an improved, preferable society with a revised awareness of its relations to its human and non-human Others, free from the ethic of exploitation rather than a promotion of an already achieved perfect state.
Formulating the ‘Alternate Archives’ of Produced Locality: Locating the Diasporic Consciousness in the Select Poems of Sujata Bhatt and Debjani Chatterjee
Authors: Karmakar Goutam
Published: December 2020

The present paper aims to outline the diasporic consciousness in two Indian diasporic women poets namely, Sujata Bhatt and Debjani Chatterjee. The poets’ diasporic consciousness is strewn with the nostalgia for lost homes, pangs of homelessness, fractured identity, the disintegrated historiography of displaced individuals, persistent ‘post-memory’ and continuous struggle to assimilate into the environment of ‘hostland’. This assimilation is achieved by transcending the geographical and psychological borders of ‘homeland’ as seen in the selected poems of Bhatt and Chatterjee. The paper also attempts to show how the poets formulate ‘alternate archives’ by delineating their discourses of displacement (Hirsch and Smith 2002) of produced locality.
Lifelong Learning and ESP Vocabulary: Reflections in Telecommunications and ICT
Authors: García-Sánchez Soraya , Luján-García Carmen
Published: December 2020

This paper examines the building of a glossary of technical terms by a sample of master’s degree students in the professional field of Telecommunications Engineering. To achieve this aim, linguistic data was extracted from the European MACbioIDi INTERREG Project with the aim of creating a collaborative bilingual, English- Spanish glossary. The glossary is used to foster vocabulary learning strategies for ELF/ESP learners and teachers of English. The study, designed for lifelong learning education and set in an ESP context of ICT and Telecommunications, shows (i) how a glossary building task can take the form of collaborative and reflective vocabulary learning projects in ESP, (ii) the learners’ identification of anglicisms in their professional domains, and (iii) samples of writing products stemming from building the glossary.
A Fully Integrated Approach to Blended Language Learning
Authors: Vičič Polona
Published: December 2020

In the face of increasing demand for greater continuity and flexibility in language learning, online learning has gradually established itself as an important complement to face-to-face (F2F) language instruction. Typically, the resulting blend focuses on the two central learning modes, i.e., F2F and online; however, it leaves out the self-study component based on sources that do not form an integral part of the online component. Recognising the importance of the latter, Whittaker (2014) defines blended language learning as a blend of F2F, online, and self-study components.

Drawing on this three-modal approach, the present paper first outlines two language courses designed and delivered by the author of the paper. Next, it analyses students’ feedback on their experience with blended learning collected via an end-of-course questionnaire including multiple-choice statements, five-point Likert scale statements, and open-ended questions. The sample included fifty-two students, most of whom reported a positive experience, especially with the F2F component.
Nine Decades of Dealing with Diversity: Language-Related Attitudes, Ideologies and Policies in Federal-Level US Legislative and Executive Documents from 1774 to 1861
Authors: Czegledi Sandor
Published: December 2020

The present paper examines the shifting orientations towards languages and linguistic diversity in the United States by analysing relevant Congressional and presidential documents from the beginning of the American nation-building experience until the outbreak of the Civil War. The investigation focuses on the legislative activities of the Continental Congress and those of the first thirty-six federal Congresses as recorded primarily in the Journals of the respective legislative bodies. Additionally, the presidential documents of the first fifteen Chief Executives, from George Washington to James Buchanan, are examined from the same perspective. The preliminary results indicate that the most salient language policy development of the post-1789 period was the overall shift from the symbolic, general language-related remarks towards the formulation of substantive, general policies, frequently conceived in an assimilation-oriented spirit in the broader context of territorial expansion. Although presidents were considerably more reluctant to address language-related matters than the federal legislature, the need to revise the statutes of the United States was recognised as a presidential priority as early as the 1850s.
Speaking Subskills in EFL Coursebooks
Authors: Kranjec Katja
Published: December 2020

The primary goal of most EFL students is to achieve fluency in the target language and become autonomous speakers who can react naturally in most situations. To achieve this, mastery of speaking subskills is crucial. The paper aims to identify how well specific subskills, i.e. negotiation of meaning and agenda management, are represented and developed in EFL coursebooks. Twenty coursebooks approved by the Slovene Ministry of Education, Science and Sport for 3rd and 4th year grammar school students are reviewed.

The number of all recorded subskills in the reviewed coursebooks suggests that less than a third are covered in each coursebook. Skills in negotiation of meaning are better represented than skills in agenda management in terms of the number of occurrences, the location within the unit and variety of skills. However, there are no significant differences among the remaining teaching elements. The study also indicates that most activities do not contain practice of meaning/form and pronunciation of target phrases. Although communicative activities are mostly present, they lack authenticity and are thus not sufficiently motivating for the target group.

The results of the study can serve as a recommendation for secondary school teachers as to the type of speaking subskills, their presence in English coursebooks as well as the detail with which they are covered. Practical teaching advice is given on how the lack of variety in the selected subskills, as well as the quality of related activities can be resolved.
Trpnik v nemščini in slovenščini
Authors: Leskovec Mojca
Published: December 2020

Slovenski učenci in učenke za razliko od njihovih vrstnikov, katerih prvi jeziki trpnika ne poznajo, z razumevanjem in tvorbo tega glagolskega načina v nemščini načelno nimajo težav; težave pa jim povzroča njegova raba. Tako nemščina kot slovenščina poznata dva glagolska načina, tvornega in trpnega, ter pri slednjem razlikujeta med dvema oblikama: nemščina med trpnikom dogajanja ali trpnikom s pomožnim glagolom werden in trpnikom stanja ali trpnikom s pomožnim glagolom sein, slovenščina med trpnikom z deležnikom na -n/-t in trpnikom s se. Toda rabo trpnika v slovenščini zaznamuje dolgoletna tradicija odklanjanja, ki jo vsaj delno nadaljuje tudi zadnja Toporišičeva slovenska znanstvena slovnica s pripombo, da ga niti v strokovnih, poljudnih in znanstvenih besedilih ni dobro preveč uporabljati.

Glede na sodobno didaktično-metodično načelo raznojezičnosti je treba upoštevati predznanje učencev in učenk ter aktivirati njihove predhodno pridobljene spretnosti in strategije. Zato smo v sodobnih učbenikih za slovenski jezik v osnovnih in srednjih šolah preverili, kaj učenci in učenke v njih izvedo o rabi trpnika v slovenščini, nato pa analizirali obravnavo trpnika v učbenikih za nemščino kot tuji jezik, ki se uporabljajo v slovenskih srednjih šolah, kjer se glede na učni načrt za nemščino kot drugi tuji jezik nemški trpnik obravnava. Glede na ugotovitve obeh analiz smo oblikovali predlog za didaktizacijo nemškega trpnika, ki bi s ciljem primerne rabe presegla usmerjenost k obliki.
La influencia del teatro en el desarrollo de la destreza oral y el descenso del nivel del filtro afectivo en la clase de ELE
Authors: Rus Klara
Published: December 2020

Este artículo se centra en la relación entre las clases de teatro, el factor afectivo y la destreza oral. Su objetivo principal es explorar los potenciales beneficios del teatro en el desarrollo de la destreza oral a través de un análisis de entrevistas semi-estructuradas con las estudiantes universitarias de español que participaron en la clase Teatro español. Mediante el análisis de sus experiencias personales, se examinan las siguientes facetas: la relación entre la participación en una clase de teatro y el nivel del filtro afectivo, la conexión entre la participación en una clase de teatro y la adquisición de la lengua y la relevancia de la participación de las estudiantes en la clase de teatro por su involucramiento activo en otras clases. En cuanto a la destreza oral y el nivel del filtro afectivo, según los resultados, la participación en la clase de teatro tuvo un impacto beneficioso; les ayudó a perder el miedo de hablar en español. Los resultados sugieren que el efecto positivo de las clases de teatro es más notable en el progreso de los principiantes. Si los estudiantes guardan silencio en la clase, esto puede relacionarse tanto con la ansiedad conectada con la competencia lingüística como con la ansiedad social. La clase de teatro ayudó a las estudiantes de todos niveles de competencia lingüística a mejorar su conocimiento de la lengua extranjera. El aumento de la participación activa de los estudiantes puede ser el resultado de varios factores, entre los cuales también se encuentran las clases de teatro.
Althochdeutsche Grammatik. I. Laut- und Formlehre. 16. Auflage
Authors: Horjak Luka
Published: December 2020

Vor uns liegt das langlebige Referenzwerk der deutschen historischen Grammatik, das bereits seine 16. Auflage erlebte. Die Althochdeutsche Grammatik: I. Laut- und Formlehre umfasst Phonologie und Morphologie der germanischen Dialekte zwischen dem 7. Jh. und der 2. Hälfte des 11. Jahrhunderts im hochdeutschen Sprachraum. Die hohe Anzahl der Auflagen spricht für die kontinuierliche Aktivität auf dem Forschungsgebiet und für die unübertreffliche Qualität des Werkes. Die Erstauflage wurde im Jahr 1886 von dem wichtigen Junggrammatiker und Mediävisten Wilhelm Braune herausgegeben. Sie ist Teil der Sammlung kurzer Grammatiken germanischer Dialekte und bildet mit anderen historischen Grammatiken, z. B. die Mittelhochdeutsche Grammatik von Herman Paul (1881, 2007), die Althochdeutsche Grammatik: II. Syntax von Richard Schrodt (2004), die Gotische Grammatik von Wilhelm Braune (1880, 2004) u. a., die Basisbibliothek vor allem für diachrone LinguistInnen und MediävistInnen. Diese Rezension beruht auf dem Vergleich mit der von Ingo Reiffenstein bearbeiteten 15. Auflage (2004).
Hegel’in Devlet Teorisi Üzerine
Authors: UYANIK Necip
Published: December 2020

Hegel’in devlet üzerine görüşlerini iki açıdan değerlendirebiliriz. İlki Hegel’in felsefi sisteminin gerektirdiği ilkeler ışığında kurguladığı devlet teorisidir. İkincisi ise Hegel’in tümü olmasa da kendi sisteminin dışında geliştirdiği ve ulusal kaygılarını paylaştığı devlet yorumudur. Her iki durumu ve Hegel öncesi birkaç devlet teorisini de tartışarak Hegel’in devlet kavramını nasıl değerlendirdiğini görmeye çalıştık. Ardından Hegel’in devlet teorisi üzerine yapılan tartışmaları hem yöntem açısından hem de teorik açıdan ele aldık.
POVEZANOST FENOMENA AFANTAZIJA SA PREFERENCIJOM KA ODREĐENIM FILMSKIM ŽANROVIMA
Authors: Stojković Anja , Kostić Aleksandra , Gluvačević Monika
Published: December 2020

Aphantasia is a recently identified condition which is defined as the inability to create mental imagery. This study aimed to examine whether the level of mental imagery of respondents can be predicted based on the preference of the movie genre and to explore whether there are statistically significant differences between respondents who prefer different movie genres in terms of aphantasia. The sample consisted of 925 respondents (M= 187, F= 738). Age range in the sample was from 18 to 85 (M = 31.13; SD = 10.93). The aphantasia was operationalized through VVIQ (Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire), the Instrument for Measuring Favorite Movie Genres, made for the purpose of this research was also used. Data processing was performed on the overall score of aphantasia, as well as on separate scales of open and closed eyes, and after that on a subsample of men and women, but the results were not statistically significant in any case. Both aphantasia scales of open (α = 0.874) and closed eyes (α = 0.936) show high internal consistency reliability. The results show that the phenomenon of aphantasia cannot be predicted based on the preferences of movie genres (F(6, 918) = 0.91, p = .489, R2 = .006), as well as that there are no statistically significant differences in aphantasia between respondents who prefer different film genres (F (5/919) = 0.16, p = .976). By the method of multiple linear regression of the opposite direction, we obtained that aphantasia can statistically significantly predict only the preferences of the Comedy genre (F(2, 922) = 4.67, p =.010; R2 = .010) with β = -.12; p = .003. Since different results are obtained in the reverse order, based on aphantasia we can predict preferences for movie genres to a certain extent, which could speak in favor of previously done researches that claimed aphantasia is congenital.
RAZLIKE U PROCENI ZADOVOLJSTVA ŽIVOTOM IZMEĐU OSOBA KOJE IMAJU I KOJE NEMAJU ČLANA PORODICE KOME JE POTREBA POSEBNA NEGA
Authors: Spasić Šnele Miljana , Todorović Jelisaveta
Published: December 2020

Estimation of life satisfaction is an important indicator of mental health. In families where one member needs intensive care and attention, many mental health parameters start to decline, even life satisfaction. In line with that, we conducted research with a goal to explore the role of marriage quality, job satisfaction, altruism, age, education, and gender in life satisfaction in individuals that have a family member in need of intensive care or additional support (N=98) and individuals that who do not have (N=793). The instruments used were the DAS scale, a combination of the Altruism scale and Alzam scale. Life satisfaction and job satisfaction were evaluated on 10-point scale. All participants were married or in a romantic relationship at the time of research. It showed that there is a significant difference in life satisfaction between these two groups of individuals – a lower level of life satisfaction was identified in a group of individuals that has a family member in need of intensive care. Important predictors of life satisfaction in the first group of individuals were job satisfaction and risks for marriage stability, and in the second job satisfaction, partner agreement and age. Life satisfaction is higher among people who have a university degree and/ or higher education than those who have completed high school in both groups. In both groups, job satisfaction represents an important predictor of life satisfaction. Still, we noticed differences when it comes to the quality of marriage – risks of marriage stability decrease life satisfaction in a group that has a family member in need of intensive care, whereas agreement with partner contributes to life satisfaction in the second group of participants.
Variabilidad de micrófonos utilizados para análisis acústico de la voz en los últimos veinte años
Authors: Castro-Tighe Sebastián , Inostroza-Moreno Gonzalo
Published: December 2020

Se realizó una reflexión sobre la selección, durante los últimos 20 años, de los micrófonos utilizados en estudios científicos que consideran análisis acústico y que son hechos por profesionales de la voz. Se revisaron los equipos escogidos en 21 artículos –a través del motor de búsqueda de Google, principalmente Google Scholar– en los que la metodología consideraba el análisis acústico. Solo 4 de los 21 documentos elegidos realizaron una selección acertada según los estándares actuales de microfonía para fines de muestreo. Se determinó que los procesos de estandarización deben continuar con su perfeccionamiento.
Misericórdia
Authors: Gonzaga Waldecir , Almeida Filho Victor Silva
Published: December 2020

Este estudo é uma análise do relato de Lc 7,11-17, mais conhecido como a ressurreição do filho da viúva de Naim, que possui uma função literária no conjunto do relato lucano, completando a resposta aos mensageiros enviados por João Batista sobre a identidade de Jesus. Para demonstrar isso, Lucas emprega o verbo grego σπλαγχνίζομαι, indicando estar “movido de compaixão” para com uma mulher viúva que se encontrava em situação de vulnerabilidade. O artigo apresenta a raiz semântica e suas duas outras ocorrências no Evangelho lucano. A análise valoriza o estudo diacrônico, fazendo uma interface com os estudos sincrônicos e análises intertextuais. Ao empregar o verbo σπλαγχνίζομαι, o autor o faz de modo consciente e coerente para com os que se encontram em situação de fragilidade, o que demonstra um estilo narrativo próprio.
Quando Adolphe Gesché redescobre Jó
Authors: Belem Doaldo Ferreira
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho objetiva fornecer um diálogo entre a Teologia Bíblica e a Sistemática, ao utilizar os pressupostos de Adolphe Gesché nas suas reflexões acerca da doença no livro “O Mal” para analisar o comportamento dos personagens do livro canônico de Jó: o “Jó rebelde” e o contra Deum; os amigos de Jó e o Pro Deum; Eliú e o In Deo; o recurso de Jó a Deus e o Ad Deum; e o Jó restabelecido e o Cum Deum. Onde está Deus nessa situação, e onde estamos nós em relação a Deus: negamos sua existência, ou estamos contra Deus? Queremos justificar a Deus, culpando exclusivamente o homem? Ele se importa conosco? Podemos orar a Deus? Ele está ou não conosco? Neste ponto, auxilia a obra de Queiruga “Repensar a Salvação”, que esmiúça a questão da oração de petição nessas ocasiões e conclui: Deus está conosco (Cum Deum), ainda que não o vejamos, ainda que não possa substituir imediatamente a compreensão do amigo ou o bisturi do médico, ainda que permita nos afundar na dor e, por fim, na morte. Esse é o preço inextinguível da finitude.
PIERRE, G. God Never Meant for Us to Die: The Emergence of Evil in the Light of the Genesis Creation Account. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2020, 204 p.
Authors: Araújo Glauber Souza
Published: December 2020

Resenha do livro: PIERRE, G. God Never Meant for Us to Die: The Emergence of Evil in the Light of the Genesis Creation Account. Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock, 2020, 204 p. ISBN: 978-1532699627.
Corona Outbreak: Mental Health Implications of Lockdown and Quarantine due to Coronavirus spread
Authors: Sharma Nitin , Gupta Liza , Kumar Vikas
Published: December 2020

Life, as all know, is not the same as before as coronavirus.This deadly disease has affected everything around the world. This pandemic is not only affecting people with pre-medical problems, but is also affecting healthy people. Mental health is an important asset which should be considered equally to physical health.Coronavirus has a significant impact on people's well-being and mental health. The shutdown and quarantine due to coronavirus has triggered worldwide terror, anxiety and depression. Loneliness, isolation and self-destructive behavior due to lack of support by close ones, increase in unemployment, low economy and many financial problems are specific reasons due to which mental problems are prevailing. Medical professionals around the world are involved in helping all the patients affected. Number of hospitals where insufficient facilities are available to resist the virus are at enormous mental stress. Many of the frontline staff who adhere to the government's directives and policies often suffer from emotional fatigue, while the public opposes certain laws. Besides all the ups and downs due to Coronavirus one must stand strong and cope with all the difficulties and fight this outbreak.Connecting with friends and loved ones, whether using high-tech or simple phone calls, can help keep our bond in stressful days and give strength to weather this tough journey.
A Study of Cyber Security and Cyber Threats
Authors: Kaur Khushpreet
Published: December 2020

Cybersecurity has a vital role in Information Technology. The cybersecurity security involves the security on data/information stored in various devices present on different networks. However, it is very difficult to secure information in today’s world because of the increasing number of devices like computer systems, mobile phones, televisions, etc. for technological development. The data can be in many forms like data of employees in the organization, an individual’s data present on a social media website, the data stored in mobile devices or on the cloud. This data is stored mostly on networks including the company’s websites, servers, the cloud which is the main reason for data to be hacked. Numerous cyber threats are increasing day by day and to ensure cybersecurity and privacy of internet users various challenges have been faced by IT industries. Those challenges include data security, mobile security, network security, Application Security, Biometric authentication. The elaboration of these cybersecurity challenges and cyberattacks will be discussed in this paper. Cyber attacks are not only harmful to organizations, but it is also dangerous for individuals. Those attacks are the attacks done by cyber attackers for their advantage or to harm individuals for their revenge. Some common cyber threats are phishing, ransomware attack, malware, etc. whose description is given below in the ‘Types of cyber-attacks’ section. Moreover, this paper includes cybersecurity techniques that will be helpful to reduce data breaches, identity theft, or other cyber threats. Awareness of those cyber techniques will help both individuals and organizations to protect their information from various types of cyberattacks.
Is Enrichment Always Enriching and How Would You Know? Unintended Consequences and the Importance of Formal Assessment of Enrichment Programs in Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)
Authors: Lyn Heidi , Bahe Hannah , Broadway Megan S. , Samuelson Mystera M. , Shelley Jamie K. , Hoffland Tim , Jarvis Emma , Pulis Kelly , Shannon Delphine , Solangi Mobashir
Published: December 2020

Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) are viewed as a highly intelligent species, capable of complex behaviors, requiring marine parks to maintain dynamic environmental enrichment procedures in order to ensure their optimal psychological and physiological well-being in human care. In this study, two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of different forms of enrichment on the behavior of bottlenose dolphins. In Experiment 1, the most successful enrichment included highly novel items, which resulted in avoidance, but also what is frequently considered positive behavioral changes including a reduction in circle swimming and an increase in social behavior. In Experiment 2, the use of choice resulted in negative unintended social consequences. These two experiments together demonstrate that the results of deploying enrichment may not be as clear-cut as previously presumed. In order to maintain positive benefits of enrichment, the results of this study suggest that unique forms of enrichment should be implemented on a variable schedule that is offered several times a year and consistently evaluated for effectiveness.
Musings about the Importance of Comparative Psychology: Reflections from Undergraduate Students
Authors: Hill Heather M.
Published: December 2020

The sub-field of comparative psychology has ebbed and flowed since the establishment of the field of psychology. Today, comparative psychology is taught rarely as an elective, much less as a required course within psychology departments around the United States. Based on responses on a beginning of semester reflection assignment about the field of psychology, when first or second year undergraduate students are asked about their knowledge of psychology and the various fields within, most have never heard of comparative psychology. Those that have heard of comparative psychology from a high school course, the students rarely mention it freely. The purpose of this essay is to share the reflections of students who have completed an upper division elective comparative psychology course at a primarily undergraduate, Hispanic-serving institution. In this course, the students were asked to reflect on what they know about comparative psychology at the beginning of the course and to return to those early reflections at the end of the course. One major finding is that the majority of the students state that this course should be a required course or a capstone for psychology as it integrates all of their required coursework together into a common experience. This synthesis enabled the students to see the importance of comparative analysis and the role understanding animals plays in understanding humans. Comparative psychology should not simply be a historical facet of the field of psychology, but should continue to play a critical role in shaping the experiences of students of psychology. Whether it is simply to make students of psychology aware of the role animal research has in understanding almost all aspects of psychology (clinical, learning, health, development, personality, social, biopsychology, neuroscience, behavioral economics, cognition) or to highlight the need that investigating the same question in different subjects is valuable, comparative psychology has a vital role in our field today.
Considerations for an Integrated Undergraduate Comparative and Clinical Psychology Course
Authors: Marston Daniel , Gopaul Margaret Teresa
Published: December 2020

It has been established that comparative psychology is in danger of becoming a footnote in the history of psychology. Six pieces of evidence to support this problem are few graduate psychology programs; little of no mention in introductory psychology textbooks or courses; insufficient number of undergraduate courses in comparative psychology; few teaching exercises; declining membership in Division 6 of APA; no recent textbooks in comparative psychology. Therefore, this article sought a viable solution to promote comparative psychology’s interconnections to different psychology areas. Specifically, a solution for combining comparative psychology into clinical fields by creating a course that combines comparative and clinical psychology was conceptualized. The rationales, history, barriers, benefits of creating a comparative and clinical psychology course were all examined to make a case for this solution. Concrete approaches to a course development covering domains such as cognitive, behavioral analysis, and scientific reasoning were presented. Also, the consideration of a ‘capstone course’ that is approached from the perspective of ‘challenge-based learning’ was recommended. This capstone course could offer students flexibility and promote problem-solving and innovative-think skills needed for careers. The rationales and recommendations covered in the article established that providing a course on comparative and clinical psychology can actually facilitate students to think differently about psychology and how exactly the different areas of psychology interconnect. In conclusion, it was determined that developing a course on the connectedness of comparative and clinical psychology is one way to help strengthen comparative psychology’s rightful place in the broad field of psychology.