bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determination of elastic characteristics for a package of monolayers thin-walled plates from composite fibrous materials
Authors: Kryshchuk Mykola , Ovcharenko Egor , Us Hanna
Published: December 2023

An analytical method for calculating the equivalent elastic characteristics of anisotropic multilayer plates made of composite fibrous materials is laid out. The main assumptions taken into consideration when calculating elastic moduli and Pousson's coefficients are that fibers are elastic materials with orthotropic mechanical characteristics that deform together when multilayer plates are loaded. Analytical methods for calculating effective modulus of elasticity most common in practical applications of applied mechanics are laid out in the list of cited publications. These include the rules of the mixture, the model proposed by Hill and Khashin, the model of Kilchinsky, the methods of Vanin and L.P. Khoroshun. Numerical methods for determining the elastic mechanical properties of reinforced unidirectional and layered composite materials are based on information technologies of finite-element modeling of representative volumes of composite materials and solving a number of boundary value problems for them. For the constructions of thin-walled plates with composite fibrous materials, traditional calculation schemes are used, for which the plane stress state is typical. The stress-strain relationship for a monolayer of plates loaded at an arbitrary angle is presented in the form of Hooke's law for aniotropic materials. Deformations of a package of monolayers with composite fibrous materials in a plane elastic-deformed state are determined, as for a monolayer, by four independent elastic constants. With the use of a universal calculation model based on the equations of applied mechanics, the results of the calculations of elastic moduli and Poisson's coefficients were obtained for a package of monolayers of thin-walled plates with composite fibrous materials made of carbon fiber and carbon fiber. Research results are presented in an analytical and graphic form. The influence of the construction structure of composite fibrous materials of thin-walled plates on its mechanical properties and their dependence on the angle of the force load vector is presented. The research results can be used to determine the rational mechanical properties of multilayer composite plates, taking into account their structural and technological purpose in various industries.
Fault Diagnosis of Synchronous Generator Based on Adaptive Chirp Mode Decomposition Permutation Entropy and Deep Learning
Authors: Zhang Chao , Jin RuiQing , Li ChenXin
Published: December 2023

Generators are subject to extreme environmental conditions that can cause critical areas to gradually break down, potentially leading to catastrophic failures. This paper proposes a hybrid method for generator fault diagnosis. Firstly, adaptive chirp mode decomposition (ACMD) is applied to decompose the vibration signal into five intrinsic mode function (IMF) components. Then, the permutation entropy (PE) of each IMF is calculated to construct the feature vector. The deep learning part of the proposed method uses convolutional neural network (CNN) as a classifier to recognize different faults. Finally, the visualization result using t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) is presented. The result of classification suggests that the method proposed in this paper realizes fault diagnosis with the accuracy of 98%, which has a higher recognition rate than other methods mentioned in this paper.
Research on Micro-Turbine Operating State Characterization Based on Bearing Vibration Signals Analysis
Authors: Li Ning , Wang Xiaowei , Yang Tongguang , Han Qingkai
Published: December 2023

An air flow-driven micro-turbine, widely used in air-condition control systems in aircraft cabins, train coaches, etc., exhibits complex vibration behaviors under stable or unstable inlet flow conditions, and especially has a certain correlation with speeds. In this paper, the vibration responses of the micro-turbine undergoing stable and unstable inlet flows measured on a test rig are analyzed and compared by using different signal processing methods, which include time and frequency domain methods, and statistical and nonlinear methods. First, the test rig system of the airflow-driven micro-turbine, the instrument system and four typical experimental cases are introduced. Then the measured vibration signals are analyzed and compared by time domain characteristic parameters (peak-to-peak value, RMS value and kurtosis value), statistical parameters (auto-correlation and BDS), and amplitude spectra in the frequency domain, statistic spectrum indicators (SSI) based on Welch's periodogram of power spectra, and the spectra of selected IMF components based on Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT). In particular, some nonlinear feature analyzing methods, including Pseudo-Poincare mapping diagrams and Lempel-Ziv(LZ) complexity, are also used for analyzing measured vibration responses. The obtained results using the above multiple methods are compared and show that, when the inlet flow of the turbine fluctuates significantly, the nonlinear characteristics of the turbine bearings are significantly higher than those of the relatively stable inlet flow and speed conditions. Under these circumstances, commonly used time-frequency analysis methods cannot characterize the different speed operating state of the turbine, and LZ-Complexity and other nonlinear characterization methods should be used to better understand the characteristics of different speeds under unstable conditions.This study provides references for the aerodynamic stability monitoring of the micro-turbine and its design improvement.
Helmholtz Resonator with Sonic Black Hole Neck
Authors: Peng Lihua , Mao Qibo
Published: December 2023

The acoustic performance of a Helmholtz resonator (HR) with a sonic black hole (SBH) neck is investigated in this study both theoretically and experimentally. The proposed SBH neck for a HR consists of a cylindrical tube with a set of rigid thin rings. When the inner radius of the ring is linearly decaying, the SBH effect can be obtained. The sound absorption performance of the proposed HR is then derived based on the transfer matrix method (TMM). Finally, the proposed HRs under different sizes are fabricated by a 3D printing apparatus. The analytical acoustic absorption results are compared to the experimental data obtained from an impedance tube setup. The absorption coefficients from TMM and experiments show a reasonable agreement. When compared to the traditional HR, he main advantage of the proposed HR with a SBH neck is that the broadband sound absorption in a non-HR-resonance frequency range can be achieved.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DE MEMES E MAPAS MENTAIS E SUA CONTRIBUIÇÃO PARA A APRENDIZAGEM DE BIOLOGIA EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA
Authors: Rosa Pires Fabiele , Rocha Marques Dianifer Stefane , Bresolin Marinho Julio Cesar
Published: December 2023

A Pandemia fez com que ferramentas tecnológicas e técnicas de ensino diferenciadas fossem introduzidas na educação. O relato de experiência apresentado tem como objetivo relatar uma atividade desenvolvida no Programa de Residência Pedagógica (núcleo Biologia e Ciências da Universidade Federal do Pampa - UNIPAMPA). A atividade foi desenvolvida com alunos do 2º ano do Ensino Médio de uma escola de São Gabriel/RS e contou com a utilização de memes e mapas mentais. A prática ocorreu com base nos Três Momentos Pedagógicos, por meio da plataforma Google meet. Como resultado, foi possível obter indicadores interessantes, nos quais os memes tornaram o aprendizado com mais significado e os mapas mentais configuraram-se como uma ferramenta potente para a organização das ideias e conceitos aprendidos em aula.
PERCEPÇÕES INICIAIS DOS LICENCIANDOS SOBRE O CUMPRIMENTO DOS OBJETIVOS DO PID NO NÚCLEO DE CIÊNCIAS NATURAIS DO IFMT CAMPUS CONFRESA
Authors: Lopes Thiago Beirigo , Almeida Ana Cristina Alves de , Figueiredo Emerson de Oliveira
Published: December 2023

A formação de professores é uma área crítica que exige apoio contínuo para desenvolver educadores capacitados e motivados. Neste contexto, o estudo teve como objetivo analisar a percepção inicial dos licenciandos bolsistas do Núcleo Ciências Naturais, composto pelos cursos de Licenciatura em Biologia e Licenciatura em Ciências da Natureza com Habilitação em Química, do IFMT Campus Confresa sobre o cumprimento dos objetivos do Programa de Incentivo à Docência, identificando aspectos de sucesso e áreas que necessitam de melhorias. Utilizando um questionário estruturado e análise de similitude pelo software IRaMuTeQ, este estudo avaliou as opiniões dos licenciandos sobre a eficácia do PID. Os resultados apontam para uma valorização positiva do programa, evidenciando seu papel no suporte financeiro e acadêmico e na promoção da integração entre teoria e prática, apesar de reconhecer a necessidade de maior envolvimento em algumas áreas.
Percepción y conocimiento del cambio climático en el ámbito educativo. Una representación social desde la Geografía
Authors: Morote Álvaro-Francisco
Published: December 2023

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo, a partir de la representación social del alumnado escolar (Educación Primaria, Secundaria y Bachillerato), profesorado en formación (Educación Infantil, Primaria y Secundaria) y docentes en activo (España), es analizar la percepción y conocimiento que tienen sobre el cambio climático. A partir de la implementación de varios cuestionarios entre los cursos 2018-2019 y 2022-2023 (n= 2.154), los resultados ponen de manifiesto que, en cuanto a las causas del cambio climático, los/as participantes identifican la contaminación (53,3%) y la escasa concienciación del ser humano (26,3%; n= 565) como los dos motivos principales. Respecto a las consecuencias, destacan principalmente el aumento de la temperatura (41,4%), coincidiendo con el mayor efecto que perciben en su vida cotidiana. En cuanto al principal gas de efecto invernadero presente en la Atmósfera, el 62,3% contesta erróneamente el CO2, mientras que la respuesta correcta (el vapor de agua) ha sido contestada por sólo el 4,5%. Con esta investigación se comprueba que el alumnado y profesorado percibe diferentes manifestaciones del cambio climático ya comprobadas, pero a su vez, deficiencias de contenidos.
Distopías y teorías conspirativas del Covid-19: críticas al poder, democratización futurista y pesimismo radical
Authors: Francescutti Pérez Pablo
Published: December 2023

Para explicar hechos o situaciones traumáticas en oposición a las versiones oficiales, las teorías conspirativas establecen conexiones causales que se adentran en el ayer en donde se gestó el complot responsable de los males. Esta relación con el pasado ha sido estudiada, cosa que no ocurre con el futuro. El presente artículo aborda el vínculo del conspiracionismo con el porvenir a través del análisis de diversos discursos sobre la pandemia de Covid-19. En sus descripciones de los regímenes odiosos que se impondrían con la excusa de la crisis sanitaria, detectamos tres visiones distópicas: el gobierno mundial; la distopía natalista; y la tecnodistopía. Su examen permite observar que sus enunciadores critican los poderes establecidos mediante un uso diestro de las convenciones distópicas; segundo, su heterogeneidad acredita cierta democratización de la imaginación futurista; y tercero, el conspiracionismo pandémico se muestra proclive a reducir el mañana a un único escenario calamitoso: un caso extremo de desfuturización según la terminología de Niklas Luhmann.
Evaluation of Ground Pressure, Bearing Capacity, and Sinkage in Rigid-Flexible Tracked Vehicles on Characterized Terrain
Authors: Rauf Omer , Yang Ning , Ming Chen , Haoxiang Ma
Published: December 2023

Tracked vehicles play a vital role in accessing challenging terrains, offering stability, traction, and versatility for various applications, including deep-sea exploration. However, the seafloor and sediment contain valuable but poorly understood resources, making it a significant challenge for tracked vehicles during exploration. Consequently, it is imperative to conduct comprehensive studies before considering these terrains for off-road purposes. In this study, we developed a rigid, flexible track vehicle equipped with various sensors, focusing on monitoring pressure sinkage. Cohesive soils like Bentonite and Diatom soil, particularly when combined with sand and gravel mixtures, were used for the investigation and assessed for ground pressure, bearing capacity, and sinkage in rigid-flexible tracked vehicles on these characterized terrains under varying moisture conditions. Our findings indicated that increased moisture content in bentonite soil resulted in significantly higher track slippage and sinkage compared to diatomaceous earth soil. Regarding soil behavior, diatom soil exhibited notable compaction and sinkage characteristics compared to bentonite soil. These significant variations between these two soil types under changing moisture conditions highlight the complexity of such terrains. Therefore, understanding the soil and its physical properties is crucial before applying them to natural terrains. Furthermore, this study emphasizes the importance of precision in assessing the physical properties of natural terrains for the development of tracked vehicles for off-road exploration. This knowledge contributes to better vehicle design and a deeper comprehension of terrain mechanics.
Membrane-Associated Ubiquitin Ligase RNF152 Orchestrates Melanogenesis via Tyrosinase Ubiquitination
Authors: Ueda Ryota , Hashimoto Rina , Fujii Yuki , Menezes José C.J.M.D.S. , Takahashi Hirotaka , Takeda Hiroyuki , Sawasaki Tatsuya , Motokawa Tomonori , Tokunaga Kenzo , Fujita Hideaki
Published: December 2023

Lysosomal degradation of tyrosinase, a pivotal enzyme in melanin synthesis, negatively impacts melanogenesis in melanocytes. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms by which lysosomes target tyrosinase have remained elusive. Here, we identify RING finger protein 152 (RNF152) as a membrane-associated ubiquitin ligase specifically targeting tyrosinase for the first time, utilizing AlphaScreen technology. We observed that modulating RNF152 levels in B16 cells, either via overexpression or siRNA knockdown, resulted in decreased or increased both tyrosinase and melanin levels, respectively. Notably, RNF152 and tyrosinase colocalized at the trans-Golgi network (TGN). However, upon treatment with lysosomal inhibitors, both proteins appeared in the lysosomes, indicating that tyrosinase undergoes RNF152-mediated lysosomal degradation. Through ubiquitination assays, we found the indispensable roles of both the RING and transmembrane (TM) domains of RNF152 in facilitating tyrosinase ubiquitination. In summary, our findings underscore RNF152 as a tyrosinase-specific ubiquitin ligase essential for regulating melanogenesis in melanocytes.
The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) Species: Insight into Genome Structure Divergence and Phylogenetic Analysis
Authors: Wu Yuwei , Zeng Meng-Yao , Wang Huan-Xin , Lan Siren , Liu Zhong-Jian , Zhang Shibao , Li Ming-He , Guan Yunxiao
Published: December 2023

Bulbophyllum is one of the largest genera and presents some of the most intricate taxonomic problems in the family Orchidaceae, including species of ornamental and medical importance. The lack of knowledge regarding the characterization of Bulbophyllum chloroplast (cp) genomes has imposed current limitations on our study. Here, we reported the complete cp genomes of seven Bulbophyllum species, including B. ambrosia, B. crassipes, B. farreri, B. hamatum, B. shanicum, B. triste and B. violaceolabellum, and compared with related taxa to provide a better understanding of their genomic information on taxonomy and phylogeny. A total of 28 Bulbophyllum cp genomes exhibit typical quadripartite structures with lengths ranging from 145,092 bp to 165,812 bp and GC content of 36.60% to 38.04%. Each genome contained 125–132 genes, encompassing 74–86 protein-coding genes, 38 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. The genome arrangements, gene contents and length were similar with differences observed in ndh gene composition. A total of 18–49 long repeats and 38–80 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were detected and the single-nucleotide (A/T) was dominant in Bulbophyllum cp genomes, with an obvious A/T preference. An analysis of relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) revealed Leucine (Leu) was the most frequently used codon, while cysteine (Cys) was the least used. Six highly variable regions including ndhF-trnLUAG, trnTUGU-trnLUAA, trnFGAA-ndhJ, rps15-trnNGUU, rbcL-accD and psbI-trnSGCU were identified based on the ranking of the Pi values, had the potential to serve as DNA markers for species identification and phylogeny of the genus Bulbophyllum. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete cp genome sequences and 68 protein-coding genes strongly supported 28 Bulbophyllum species can be divided into four branches and sects. Brachyantha, Cirrhopetalum, Leopardinae defined by morphology were non-monophyly. Our results enriched the genetic resources of Bulbophyllum species, providing valuable information to illustrate the complicated taxonomy, phylogeny and evolution process of the genus.
Revolutionizing Waste Management Planning in Indorama Eleme Petrochemical Operational Complex: Promoting Sustainability
Authors: JOHNSON NNADIKWE , OKURE UNYIME ENOBONG , DOZIE EWELIKE ASTERIUS , KABIR HAMMAN MUHAMMAD
Published: December 2023

The Indorama Eleme Petrochemical Limited (IEPL) is found in the southern part of Nigeria more specifically on the Rivers State southern religion Nigeria. It consists of five distinct units, each of which generates its own unique trash at a rate of around 3115.98 tonnes per year. This study had the goal of concentrating on the management of the processing wastes in order to minimize the negative effects that they have on the environment. It is necessary to have an understanding of the number, nature, and make-up of IEPL's industrial wastes in order to effectively manage and regulate the development of waste there. As a result, we decided to collect data through the use of questionnaires. The classification of industrial wastes was accomplished by doing a comparative study and synthesis of research that were relevant to the management of petrochemical waste. Because an individual coding system is required for the integrated management of industrial waste, we gave each type of trash a code that consists of thirteen digits. The primary components of trash were catalysts (9.58 percent), metallic materials (7.62 percent), plastic barrels (35.77 percent), coke (12.66 percent), wood (4.47%), oil (4.15%), glass (0.028 percent), cooling tower packaging (6.7 percent), and other material (18.83 percent). According to the findings of the investigation into the physical qualities of the wastes, only 11.81% of these residues were liquid, while 88.19% were solid. The current handling of these wastes has been experiencing significant difficulties as of late. garbage management at IEPL was particularly challenging due to the wide variety of wastes produced there and the dangerous nature of the wastes themselves (88.19% of garbage was hazardous waste). Recycling and reuse of garbage may have been the greatest decision in some situations; yet, incineration and disposal of waste are also necessary options.
XFEM-Based Study on Fatigue Crack Propagation in The Rocket Deflector Trough under Coupled High-Temperature and Impact Conditions
Authors: Xiong Zhixin , Zhu Chengyuan , Yang Yue , Lin Tong , Li Ruoxuan
Published: December 2023

This research investigates the fatigue crack propagation on the lower surface of rocket deflector troughs of offshore rocket launch platforms. Initially, a numerical model of the offshore rocket launch platform is established using ABAQUS based on the Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM). Subsequently, two variable parameters—namely, the initial crack length and initial tilt angle—are introduced. This research systematically analyzes the impact of these parameters on fatigue crack propagation patterns in both the maximum stress and maximum deformation regions of the deflector channels under the combined conditions of high temperature and impact. Finally, the research indicates that the propagation length of surface cracks in the deflector trough exhibits a trend of initial increase followed by a subsequent decrease with the increase in the preset inclination angle. Notably, the stable propagation rate of the crack in the region of maximum deformation surpasses that observed in the region of maximum stress. Through meticulous comparative analysis, it is evident that temperature loading significantly fosters the initiation and propagation of cracks, particularly in the upper region of the deflector channel's lower surface.
A Scaffolding Assembly Deficiency Detection System with Deep Learning and AR
Authors: Dzeng Ren-Jye , Cheng Chen-Wei , Cheng Ching-Yu
Published: December 2023

Scaffoldings play a critical role as temporary structures in supporting construction processes. Accidents at construction sites frequently stem from issues related to scaffoldings, including insufficient support caused by deviations from the construction design, insecure rod connections, or absence of cross bracing, which result in uneven loading and potential collapse, leading to casualties. In this study, we introduce a deep-learning-based, augmented reality (AR)-enabled system called scaffolding assembly deficiency detection system (SADDS) to assist field inspectors in identifying deficiencies in scaffolding assemblies. Inspectors have the flexibility to utilize SADDS through various devices, such as video cameras, mobile phones, or AR goggles (i.e., Microsoft HoloLens 2), for automated detection of deficiencies in scaffolding assemblies. The training test yielded satisfactory results, with a mean average precision of 0.89 and individual precision values of 0.96, 0.82, 0.90, and 0.89 for “qualified” frames and frames with the “missing cross-tie rod,” “missing lower-tie rod,” and “missing footboard” deficiencies, respectively. Field tests conducted at two construction sites demonstrated improved system performance compared to that in the training test. However, these field tests also revealed certain limitations of the SADDS system.
Use of Drought-Resistant Vegetation on Green Roofs: A Method for Digital Photographic Monitoring of Its Development
Authors: Rodrigues Madalena , Arsénio Pedro Miguel Ramos , Paço Teresa Afonso do
Published: December 2023

The increased number of buildings in urban areas limits the creation of vegetated areas, leading to the search for alternatives to create spaces to promote contact with nature. In this context, green roofs have been increasingly studied. These structures have specific microclimatic condi-tions requiring an accurate study of the most appropriate vegetation to use. This study aims to analyze the long-term viability of vegetation installed on an experimental green roof open-air lab. This analysis was done through images obtained from photographic records and later in-serted into the ImageJ program, to identify species and evaluate the area covered by vegetation. Only a few of the species that were planted in the test beds over the years have persisted to the present, while other species have spontaneously appeared. Also, surveys were used to learn about people's preferences for the vegetation on these test beds. These showed that people favor recognizable plants with plenty of vibrantly colored blossoms. It was feasible to choose the best plants for green roofs in the studied conditions as a result of the analysis, taking into account the ground cover percentage by vegetation, its persistence, and the preferences of the respondents.
Neuroprotective Effects of Noncanonical PAR1-Agonists on Cultured Neurons at Excitotoxicity
Authors: Babkina Irina , Savinkova Irina , Molchanova Tatiana , Sidorova Maria , Surin Alexander , Gorbacheva Liubov
Published: December 2023

Serine proteases regulate cell functions through G protein-coupled protease-activated receptors (PARs). Cleavage of one peptide bond of the receptor amino terminus results in the formation of a new N-terminus ("tethered ligand") that can specifically interact with the second extracellular loop of the PAR receptor and activate it. Activation of PAR1 by thrombin (canonical agonist) and activated protein C (APC, noncanonical agonist) was described as biased agonism. Here we have supposed that synthetic peptide analogues to the PAR1 tethered ligand liberated by APC could have neuroprotective effects like APC. To verify this hypothesis a model of the ischemic brain impairment based on glutamate (Glu) excitotoxicity in primary neuronal cultures of neonatal rats has been used. It was shown that nanopeptide NPNDKYEPF-NH2 (AP9) effectively reduced the neuronal death induced by Glu. The influence of AP9 on cell survival was comparable to that of APC. Both APC and AP9 reduced the dysregulation of intracellular calcium homeostasis in cultured neurons induced by excitotoxic Glu (100 µM) or NMDA (200 µM) concentrations. PAR1 agonist synthetic peptides might be a noncanonial PAR1-agonist and a basis of novel neuroprotective drugs for disorders related to Glu excitotoxicity such as brain ischemia, trauma and some neurodegenerative diseases.
Acute Toxicity of Malathion, Permethrin, and Glyphosate on the Tropical Freshwater Shrimp Xiphocaris elongata
Authors: Torres-Pérez Wesley X , Pérez-Reyes Omar
Published: December 2023

Urban and agricultural runoffs can transport contaminants and pesticides into freshwater ecosystems, particularly in the developing tropics. For instance, organophosphate and pyrethroids pesticides like glyphosate, malathion, and permethrin have been found in tropical streams. The uncontrolled application of these pesticides has become a growing concern due to their adverse effects on various non-targeted organisms. Unfortunately, most studies have focused on a few selected model species, ignoring the effects on other nontarget organisms, which may play an important role in tropical lotic ecosystems. In addition, the biological characteristics of aquatic crustaceans, including their morphology, physiology, and behavior, make them susceptible to toxic chemicals. For this reason, this study used the widely distributed freshwater shrimp Xiphocaris elongata as a model organism to determine the acute toxicity of permethrin, malathion, and glyphosate. Our results show that the proportion of mortality of X. elongata in each concentration group became progressively higher as the concentration of exposure increased. We also found that the synthetic pyrethroid permethrin is the most toxic pesticide tested, followed by organophosphate malathion and glyphosate. Experiments with this freshwater shrimp showed a good control performance and reproducibility for the tested pesticides. This study demonstrated that X. elongata is a suitable test organism that can be a representative bioindicator of pesticide toxicity in tropical streams.
Enhancing the Performance for Chilled Ammonia Carbon Dioxide Capture by Use of Crystallizerconfiguration: Thermodynamic Assessment
Authors: johnson Nnadikwe , justin Akuchie Chukwuma , Azunna , Onuabuchi
Published: December 2023

"Chemical absorption is currently the most advanced technique for capturing carbon dioxide after combustion. A fascinating approach within amine-based technology for post-combustion carbon removal is the utilization of aqueous ammonia as a solvent, leading to a method called chilled ammonia capture. This study aims to enhance the performance of chilled ammonia capture through a thermodynamic assessment, focusing on crystalline configuration.""This study explores the development of an improved second generation chilled ammonia capture process, which involves the formation of solids to enhance capturing efficiency. The simulation software ASPEN is employed to model the expanded UNIQUAC Thermodynamics hypothesis. The modeling encompasses both the conventional carbon ammonia capture process and the more advanced carbon ammonia capture system powered by a crystallizerIn this study, the energy costs associated with implementing different technologies for carbon ammonia capture in typical ultra supercritical power plants are evaluated. The introduction of solid formation in the carbon ammonia capture system has yielded promising results. The findings indicate that the energy required for the carbon ammonia capture system, which utilizes a crystallizer, is approximately 10% lower compared to the overall cost associated with the conventional carbon ammonia capture system. These results highlight the potential for significant energy savings and improved efficiency in carbon capture processes
Leveraging Medical Discourse to Answer Complex Questions
Authors: Galitsky Boris
Published: December 2023

We review the literature on medical discourse and attempt to build a computational model of it. Medical discourse sheds a light on communication structure of patient-doctor and other communication scenarios in healthcare and should be leveraged to facilitate and automate this communication when it is possible and practical. We propose a unified framework to represent communication discourse at the meta-level, where the subject of the communication is expressed in a language object. So far, the broad range of work on medical discourse is detached from computational discourse analysis, and we explore the possibilities of filling this gap and computationally treat the peculiarities of how information is passed between the agents in a hospital setting. We select the domain of question answering (QA) against a corpus of medical documents of diverse nature to evaluate our computational model of medical discourse. It turns out that applying specific structures obtained in medical discourse studies improves the relevance and efficiency of question answering.
Chloroplast Genome Comparison and Evolution Analysis of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae) among Multiple Photosynthetic Pathways
Authors: Lin Yajun , Zhang Shibao , Duan Jun , Shi Jingshan , Liu Ding-Kun , Lan Siren , Liu Zhong-Jian , Li Ming-He
Published: December 2023

Dendrobium Sw have multiple photosynthetic pathways but due to the lack of identification, the influence of CAM pathway on the plastid genomic evolution of Dendrobium and the origin of CAM pathway are still poorly understood. In this study, based on the results of δ13C, net photosynthetic rates (Pn) and titratable acid value, we identified Dendrobium species into three photosynthetic pathways. Then the chloroplast whole genome characteristics of 10 Dendrobium species were analyzed with next-generation sequencing technology. The quadripartite-structure plastomes ranged from 151,673 bp to 160,375 bp and included 127 to 132 genes. Five noncoding mutational hotspots (rbcL-accD, atpB-rbcL, rbcL, trnLUAA, accD, Pi > 0.10) were identified. A total of 41–60 SSRs were recognized, the average trinucleotide content was only about 4%, which is probably due to a more conserved SSR. Among multiple photosynthetic pathways, the apparent differences in IR junctions of SSC/IRB junctions (JSBs) were measured within chloroplast genomes, and the chloroplast genome size of constitutive CAM plants is shorter because of their ndh gene loss or pseudogenization, and this phenomenon accounts for a decreasing proportion of constitutive CAM, facultative CAM, and obligate C3 plants, so that the loss of the ndh gene may be speculated to be closely related to the CAM pathway. Phylogenetic analyses showed that there are multiple independent CAM origins in selected Dendrobium species, and the ancestral Dendrobium plastome possessed full ORFs for all ndh genes. The study aims to clarify the chloroplast genomic features of different photosynthetic pathways, enrich the genomic data of CAM plants, and provide genetic information from different perspectives for further systematic study of Dendrobium.
New Equivalent of the Riemann Hypothesis
Authors: De Lima Leonardo
Published: December 2023

In this article, it is demonstrated that if the zeta function does not have a sequence of zeros whose real part converges to 1, then it cannot have any zeros in the critical strip, showing that the Riemann Hypothesis is false.
The Physicochemical Method Uses Industrial Leftover Hemp Fibre Cellulose to Make Micron-Sized Hemp Powder
Authors: Shamim Sarker Md , Huan Yonghe , Gan Linli , Zhang Shangyong
Published: December 2023

One of the most widely available and extensively produced varieties of industrial hemp, which generates a substantial amount of consumer-increasing waste in the form of hemp cellulose. In this study, recycling with a compressed and high-speed method that combines crushing and alkali treatment effectively converts leftover hemp fiber into ultrafine powder. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), AFM (Atomic Force Microscope), FTIR (Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and XRD (X-ray Diffraction) examined the original morphology of hemp fiber treated with alkali, fiber heated to 200 ℃, and crushed powder. Particle size, crystallinity, fiber surface, and strength increased and decreased. It became apparent that fiber strength decreased and fiber roughness significantly increased after alkali treatment. Fiber increased significantly, and crystallinity decreased after crushing. It was simple and effective for converting the leftover hemp fiber into micron-sized powder. In about 3 to 5 minutes, approximately 1 kg of dry ultrafine powder with a particle size of 10.44 μm was produced. This production method will significantly enhance future industrial applications of waste hemp fiber.
A Comparative Study of Sugarcane Harvesting and Its Impact on Health Conditions of Labor from Thailand and India
Authors: Bhalerao Veena , Shinde Gopal , Mane Sushama , Shah Faiz
Published: December 2023

This comparative research paper examines the difference between sugarcane harvesting practices in Thailand and India. The objective of research was to investigate and compare current pattern of sugar harvesting and its impact of these approaches on labor health conditions in the sugarcane industry of both the countries as India and Thailand. Data were collected from target population groups (40 each) from study areas, namely Kanchanaburi and Saraburi provinces in Thailand and Beed District of Maharashtra state from India. The data showed that comparatively in Thailand, adoption of mechanized harvesting was seen more. However in India, mechanized harvesting was seen increasing but still people were largely involved in sugarcane harvesting and it had ill effects on the overall health of female workers specially. The result clearly indicated that there was drastic difference in harvesting system and labor health conditions in Thailand and India. The findings underscore the multifaceted impact of their occupation on various aspects of health including general well-being of female sugarcane cutters. The strenuous nature of sugarcane cutting, coupled with inadequate protective measures and limited access to healthcare has contributed to a range of health care challenges among female sugarcane cutters in India.
Acetamiprid Exposure-Induces Molecular and Structural Changes in Liver and Kidney Tissues of Rats
Authors: Phogat Annu , Singh Jagjeet , Sheoran Reena , Hasanpuri Arun , Singh Vijay , Kumar Vijay , Prakash Chandra , Malik Vinay
Published: December 2023

Pesticides are among the most widely used synthetic chemicals worldwide to protect crops, but besides being beneficial, they pose several environmental and health issues. The present study evaluates toxic effects of acetamiprid (ACMP) in rat liver and kidney tissues. Rats were exposed to ACMP (21.7 mg/kg b.wt; 1/10th LD50) for 21 days. Oxidative stress generation, apoptotic progression, and structural changes were evaluated via biochemical assays, semi-quantitative PCR, western blotting, and histopathology. ACMP exposure significantly decreased body weight and altered relative organ weight in hepato-renal tissues. Significant oxidative stress was evident by increased oxidative injuries to lipids and proteins and alterations of endogenous anti-oxidative enzymes. The administration of ACMP upregulated mRNA expression of Bax and caspase-3, while downregulated the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and released cytochrome c into the cytosol of the liver and kidney tissues. Likewise, exposure to ACMP caused severe degenerative changes in the histo-architecture of hepato-renal tissues. The results of the present study confirmed the toxicity of ACMP in rats’ liver and kidney tissues and emphasized the need for strict regulation and more mechanistic understanding to delineate the toxicity of ACMP in mammals.
Network Screening on Low-Volume Roads using Risk Factors
Authors: Huda Kazi Tahsin , Al-Kaisy Ahmed
Published: December 2023

This paper proposes a new method for network screening on rural low-volume roads. These roads are important as they provide critical access to agricultural land and tourist attractions. Most low-volume roads belong to the lowest functional class (local rural roads) and thus are built to lower design standards. The conventional hot spot network screening techniques may not be appropriate for low-volume roads due to the sporadic nature of crashes occurring on these roads. Contrarily sophisticated network screening approaches require extensive roadway and traffic data that are often unavailable to local agencies for lack of resources, and/or lack of technical expertise. This research attempts to address these obstacles in low-volume roads network screening which aims to identify candidate sites for safety improvements. The research used an extensive low-volume road sample from the state of Oregon and the Empirical Bayes expected number of crashes in developing the proposed models for network screening. The proposed models do not require exact measurement of roadway geometric features as all geometric variables were classified into categories that are easy to compile by local agencies. Further, the method could be used with and without traffic data, without compromising the effectiveness of the network screening process.
A Review of Underwater Robot Localization in Confined Spaces
Authors: Wu HaoYu , Chen YingLong , Yang QiMing , Yan Bo , Yang XinYu
Published: December 2023

Underwater robots often encounter the influence of confined underwater environments during underwater exploration. These environments include underwater caves, sunken ships, submerged houses, and pipeline structures. Robot positioning in these environments is strongly disturbed, leading not only to the failure of some commonly used positioning methods but also to an increase in errors in positioning systems that normally function well in open water. In order to overcome the limitations of positioning methods in underwater confined environments, researchers have studied different underwater positioning methods and selected suitable methods for positioning in such environments. These methods can achieve high-precision positioning without relying on assistance from other platforms, and are referred to as autonomous positioning methods. Autonomous positioning methods for underwater robots mainly include SINS/DR positioning and SLAM positioning. In addition, in recent years, researchers have also developed some bio-inspired autonomous positioning methods. This article introduces the applicable robot positioning methods and sensors in underwater confined environments and discusses the research directions of robot positioning methods in such environments.
Sustainability of Olive Modern Planting Systems and Potential Mitigation Strategies against Climate Change
Authors: Gucci Riccardo
Published: December 2023

Climate change related issues, such as yield decline, quality losses, accelerated phenology, extreme abiotic stress, pose growers new challenges in olive growing areas. Main cultural solutions that could alleviate stress and improve long-term sustainability of modern olive orchards are here briefly reviewed. Selecting varieties that are more resistant to drought or high temperatures would be the optimal solution to mitigate the effects of climate change, but the available scientific information is relatively scarce. Sustainability of irrigation implies that the less water is used, the better. Best results in terms of saving water and uniform application are obtained using micro-irrigation methods. Water can also be saved by not fully satisfying the tree water needs and different deficit irrigation strategies have been developed and tested for olive orchards. The use of green covers and the application of organic mulches and shredded pruning materials should be encouraged as these practices tend to stock carbon, increase organic matter content and water holding capacity of the soil. Olive orchards are efficient CO2 sinks as they can store considerable amounts of carbon in their organs and permanent structures. Using environmental friendly practices improves the ecosystem carbon budget and contributes to mitigate climate change.
The Cyst Epithelium in Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients Displays Normal Apical-Basolateral Cell Polarity
Authors: Sandegaard Samuel Loft , Riishede Andreas , Birn Henrik , Damkier Helle Hasager , Praetorius Jeppe
Published: December 2023

The main characteristic of polycystic kidney disease is the development of multiple fluid filled renal cysts. The discovery of mislocated Na,K-ATPase in the apical membrane of cyst lining epithelia alluded to a reversal of polarity as a possible explanation to the fluid secretion. The topic of apical Na,K-ATPase in cysts remains controversial. We investigated the localization of the Na,K-ATPase and assessed the apical-basolateral polarization of cyst lining epithelia by means of immunohistochemistry in kidney tissue from six polycystic kidney disease patients undergoing nephrectomy. The Na,K-ATPase α1 subunit was conventionally situated in the basolateral membrane of all immunoreactive cysts. Proteins of the Crumbs and partitioning defective (Par) complexes were localized to the apical membrane domain in cyst epithelial cells. The apical t-SNARE protein Syntaxin-3 also immunolocalized to the apical domain of cyst lining epithelial cells. Proteins of the basolateral Scribble complex immunolocalized to the basolateral domain of cysts. Furthermore, we confirmed that cysts can originate from virtually any tubular segment with preserved polarity. In conclusion, we find no evidence of a reversal in apical-basolateral polarity in cyst lining epithelia in polycystic kidney disease.
Roadmap to Transit the Electrical Grid to a Secure Smart Grid: A Collaborative Approach for Regulatory and Governmental Reforms in the Kingdom of Jordan
Authors: Allahham Adib , Muhsen Hani , Rufa’l Nabila , Qandil Moath , Alhalhouli Alaaldeen
Published: December 2023

This policy paper explores various strategies that would facilitate transitioning the traditional Jordanian electrical grid to a secure smart grid. It includes comprehensive recommendations from academia and industry for the regulatory and governmental sector in Jordan to achieve specific roadmap objectives. As Jordan is heavily dependent on fossil fuels, This policy paper also provides recommendations for incorporating more renewables into its energy mix, thereby facilitating a sustainable future. The proposed policies will emphasise the creation of an enabling environment where innovation, research, and development initiatives flourish, thereby promoting private sector engagement.
Exploring the Relationship between Environmental Knowledge and Behavioural Intentions for Sustainable Fashion Practices： Fashion Design Student Perspectives
Authors: Ou Wanzhen , MOHD. TAJUDDIN ROSITA , Shariff Shaliza Mohd
Published: December 2023

With global climate change and resource constraints looming large, sustainable design has become a focus of attention for all industries. The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes and behavioural intentions of undergraduate fashion design students towards sustainable fashion practices. Undergraduate fashion design students (n = 441) from three universities in Guangdong Province, China, participated in this survey. By constructing different scales of environmental knowledge, attitude towards sustainable fashion practice and behavioural intention towards sustainable fashion practice, and by using structural equation modelling to analyse the relationship between environmental knowledge and sustainable fashion practice, the following conclusions were drawn: (1) environmental knowledge has a positive effect on attitude towards sustainable fashion practice (p＜0.05); (2) environmental knowledge has a positive effect on behavioural intention towards sustainable fashion practice (p＜0.05); (3) Subjective norms has a positive effect on behavioural intention towards sustainable fashion practice (p＜0.05). (4) Attitudes towards sustainable fashion practice play a mediating role in the relationship between environmental knowledge and intentions towards sustainable fashion practice behaviour (p＜0.05). The findings of this study have implications for environmental education for undergraduate fashion design students and for sustainable production in companies.
Hope Mediates Stress to Reduce Burden in Family Caregivers of Persons with Dementia
Authors: McGee Jocelyn Shealy , Polson Edward C. , Myers Dennis , McClellan Angela , Meraz Rebecca , Ke Weiming , Zhao Holly Carlson
Published: December 2023

Little is known about how internal positive psychological resources, such as hope, impact burden in family caregivers of persons with dementia. The current study is novel in that it examined how multiple dimensions of hope impacted perceived burden in a sample of family caregivers of persons with Alzheimer’s disease. The stress process model was used as the theoretical framework for variable specification in this study of one-hundred and fifty-five caregivers. Multiple regression was used to determine if hope-agency and hope-pathway independently contributed to burden. Mediation analysis was used to assess whether hope mediated the relationship between subjective stress and burden. Hope-agency but not hope-pathway influenced burden when other variables were considered. Hope-agency partially mediated the effect of subjective stress on burden. This study provides evidence for the relevance of assessing multiple hope dimensions when working with caregivers. It also speaks to the importance of developing/testing hope-bolstering clinical interventions for this population.
Outcomes of Patients with Lower Limb Loss after Using a Training Prosthesis: A Retrospective Case Series Study
Authors: Pelzer Doriane , Beaudart Charlotte , Bornheim Stephen , Maertens de Noordhout Benoît , Schwartz Cédric , Kaux Jean-François
Published: December 2023

The aim of this retrospective case series study was to investigate outcomes in patients with lower limb loss, based on whether or not they used a training prosthesis (TP) during their rehabilitation. The medical records of 171 consecutive patients admitted to rehabilitation hospitalization between January 2014 and December 2018 following a major amputation of the lower limb were reviewed. Patients were categorized into two groups: patients who underwent rehabilitation with a TP and patients who did not used a TP. Outcomes (i.e. discharge destination, length of stay, number of sockets required and number of size adaptation of each socket as well as functional level) were compared between groups. Of the 171 patients, 126 underwent rehabilitation with a TP, and 45 patients underwent rehabilitation without any TP. We found that patients who used a TP had a significantly shorter hospital length of stay when compared to those who did not. This length of stay for patients with TP was not influenced by age but was lowered by higher BMI, tibial instead of femoral amputation and male gender. No association was found between use of TP and discharge destination, functional level, number of socket modification and number of sockets required.