bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Generic Strategies, Outpacing and Blue Ocean : Discussing the Validity of Three Strategic Management Theories Using Case Studies from Airlines and Grocery Retail
Authors: Lauer Thomas
Published: December 2019

This article discusses the validity of three famous approaches of strategic management – Porter’s Generic Strategies, the Outpacing Concept and Blue Ocean Strategies – by using cases from two industries: airlines and grocery retail. The discussion shows that all three concepts make important contributions to the explanation of the success and failure of existing strategies, but none of the concepts fully describes the reality. While generic and Blue Ocean strategies neglect dynamics, the outpacing approach is still too much imprisoned by the categories of Porter. As a conclusion, first ideas towards a more dynamic theory of market evolution are drawn which include aspects of Blue Ocean and Outpacing and recall a more philosophical approach.
Innovation Cooperation: Buyer-Supplier Relations
Authors: Papp Adrienn
Published: December 2019

The business marketing literature of the past few years has mostly examined business relationships on a value basis. In addition to the strategic importance of relationships with customers, cooperation with suppliers is also a priority. Relationships have shifted from aggressive, competitive, superficial relationships with many suppliers to long-term partnerships with fewer suppliers. Using two-step research – a case study and questionnaire survey conducted in Hungary – this paper examines how the extent of the buyer's contribution affect the success of the innovation market and how this depends on the supplier's innovation value.
Who Communicates a Change : Research Outcomes from Polish Companies
Authors: Zalewska-Turzyńska Magdalena
Published: December 2019

Organizations today are confronted daily with the need for change, and the way in which this necessity for change is relayed may serve to minimize resistance to change. The aim of the study is to diagnose who is the source of this message for change in Polish profit-making enterprises and how many employees take part in the change process team, thereby becoming part of the change and thus the disseminators of the message on change. Computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) survey were the method used. The research sample covered medium and large enterprises and was representative. According to the findings, only 7.3% of employees are involved in the change process, the rest are informed by a superior or co-workers, sometimes co-workers from different departments.
Perceived Opportunities by Social Enterprises and their Effects on Innovation
Authors: Bartha Zoltán , Bereczk Ádám
Published: December 2019

Social enterprises can play an important role in reducing inequality within a society and can also contribute to long-term economic development. Using a database based on the responses of 220 Hungarian social enterprises we first identify the business opportunities that they perceive. We conclude that social enterprises operating in different legal forms have different perceptions of their opportunities, and we speculate that this has an effect on their innovation activity as well. It is striking that – with the exception of social cooperatives – none of the Hungarian social enterprises see current or future social and/or market needs and demand as a major opportunity. This suggests that only social cooperatives have the incentive to focus their innovation efforts on social and market needs. Almost all social enterprises, on the other hand, have high expectation for European Union funds; the threat is that social innovation is driven by the targets set by the authorities allocating European funds, instead of the needs of the society.
Needs and Expectations : Controllers in the Hungarian Labor Market
Authors: Musinszki Zoltán , Gyenge Norbert , Lipták Katalin
Published: December 2019

Automation, digitalization and globalization have an effect on the current global labor market. The process of change has become increasingly apparent also in Hungary. Both employers and the employee have to adapt to the rapidly changing circumstances. The aim of the paper is to examine the demands that the novel processes and their labor market effects impose upon the potential labor force. According to our hypothesis, these new needs appear at the beginning of the recruitment process. Our research question is whether there is any relationship between the competences related to a highly qualified job like the controller and the company’s size and activity, and if so, to reveal the strength of the relationship. To test it, we examined job advertisements for controllers based on predefined criteria.
The Effect of Large Companies on Spatial Structure in Central and Eastern Europe with a Particular Focus on Enterprises in the Technology, Media & Telecommunications Industry
Authors: Nagy Zoltán , Tóth Géza
Published: December 2019

Many theoretical and practical works aim at describing the spatial structure of Central and Eastern Europe. This article gives an overview of papers describing the spatial structure of Central and Eastern Europe with different methods. Our goal is to contribute to understanding the Central and Eastern European economic spatial structure and within this we examine the role of the Technology, Media & Telecommunications (TM&T) industry. This industry was chosen because it includes the most knowledge-intensive enterprises. We found that this industry plays a small role in the activities of the most important companies in the region. The capital's major economic centres are the capitals. Thus, both the Central European Pentagon and the New Banana spatial models are suitable for describing the spatial structure. The spatial picture of the TM&T industry is basically concentrated on relatively few large cities, and the region’s most important centre is Warsaw.
Analysis of the Asset Structure of Hungarian District Heat Suppliers, with Special Regard to the Fixed Assets, Based on the Companies’ 2009-2017 Accounts
Authors: Süveges Gábor Béla
Published: December 2019

Nowadays in Hungary, district heating has 677,000 fee payers in 93 settlements, for the provision of which 89 companies are responsible. There are, however, differences in the ownership background, in the technical structure, in the activities carried out by the district heat producers and in the number of the consumers supplied. This paper examines the asset structure of the Hungarian district heat suppliers, with special regard to their fixed asset ratio. The research aims to explore whether the companies’ activities have an effect on their asset structure on the one hand and whether there are any significant differences between some special characteristics (pipeline length, number of fee payers) of the district heat suppliers and the tangible asset ratio. Using the data derived from the accounts of the Hungarian district heat suppliers and from technical and economic data, information from nine years (2009-2017) were analyzed.
Magyar nyelv a határon
Authors: M. Pintér Tibor
Published: December 2019

A magyar nyelv államhatárokon túli nyelvváltozatainak vizsgálata immár több évtizedes múltra tekint vissza. A kutatás egyik eszköze, különös tekintettel ezeknek a szófajoknak a szóállományára, a Termini magyar–magyar szótár, amelyet a Termini Magyar Nyelvkutató Hálózat szerkesztett és adott ki, és a Kárpát-medencei magyar érintkezési változatoknak konkrét lexikai tételeit sorolja fel (jelenleg közel 5000 szócikk). A cikk mintaszócikkeket közöl, amelyek bemutatják a szótár szerkezetét és működési elveit, és feltárja azokat a szerkesztési elveket, amelyek a szótár és az egyes szócikkek felépítéséhez vezettek.
CUSTOMER-CENTRIC INNOVATION: CASE OF OMAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Teresa Matriano Maria , Firdouse Rahman Khan M.
Published: December 2019

Purpose: The objective of the study is to explore the concept of customer-centricity in Oman and to analyze the challenges of implementing customer-centric innovations, and the strategies in building momentum for the customer-centricity. 

Design/methodology/approach: For carrying out the research study, the concept of customer-centric innovation and the current practices by selected top companies of Oman were considered.

Findings: The finding of the empirical study reveals that the organizations in Oman are finding the way to transition from its existing customer-centric approach to a more innovative and technology aligned strategy, keeping the core strategies in place that are focused on operational issues.

Practical Implications: Only a few notable organizations in the country are very open about their initiative to improve customer interaction. It is apparent that organizations in the country are still yet to realize the importance of building core strategies that put customers in the middle. Companies in Oman can drive growth by means of business process improvement that will attract more customers and building stronger business-customer relationships.

Social Implications: There are several ways in which innovation can be integrated into customer-centricity. The technologies available today provide the best tools for improving customer interaction.

Originality/value: No study has investigated before the customer-centric innovation in Oman, and this study will help the organizations especially Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to plan their strategies accordingly.
Efecto de las insignias digitales en la actividad virtual de universitarios en modalidad semipresencial
Authors: Gonzales López Eduardo Fabio
Published: December 2019

La presente investigación buscó determinar los efectos de un programa de insignias digitales sobre el desempeño académico en el curso Inglés I y la participación en las actividades virtuales. El diseño de investigación fue experimental con post-prueba y grupo control. La muestra estuvo conformada por 18 estudiantes del primer ciclo, matriculados en modalidad semipresencial en una universidad privada de Lima. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el grupo experimental y control, a favor del grupo experimental. Además, se halló un tamaño del efecto de 4.56, categorizado como muy grande. En el caso del rendimiento académico, no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Sin embargo, el tamaño del efecto fue 0.60, considerado como moderado. En conclusión, el programa de insignias digitales fomentó la participación en las actividades académicas virtuales; sin embargo, los resultados respecto del rendimiento académico no son totalmente claros, por lo que se sugiere realizar investigaciones en cursos de diferente área y con una muestra más amplia.
Alimentación y salud: una visión desde el diseño curricular de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Alimentarias
Authors: Guardado Yordi Estela , Pérez Martínez Amaury , Galindo Llanes Pablo Ángel , Matos Mosqueda Luisa , Abreu Guirado Orlando , Molina Pérez Enrique
Published: December 2019

La formación de profesionales de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Alimentarias requiere del desarrollo de habilidades en la gestión de información en ciencias biomédicas. El presente trabajo propone el diseño curricular de una asignatura optativa y su integración con las Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones (TIC). Este diseño se conformó a partir del modelo del profesional, y contempla el concepto de integración curricular de las TIC expresada en una planificación curricular, de forma que su uso respondió a necesidades y demandas educativas. Se utilizaron los programas Wordpress y eXeLearning para la realización de los materiales en formato Web y la elaboración del Edublog. Los recursos diseñados e implementados son un sistema de medios integrados y comprenden capítulos en formato electrónico, un curso web, un Edublog y un producto monográfico sobre el impacto del consumo de azúcar en la salud. Se logró la motivación, gestión y evaluación de la información científica.
Hacia la estandarización de los perfiles de egreso de los programas de doctorado
Authors: Núñez-Valdés Karen , González Campos José
Published: December 2019

En este artículo se presenta el análisis de los perfiles de egreso declarados por los programas de Doctorado en Educación dictados en territorio chileno. Este proceso fue realizado en función de un Perfil de Egreso Estándar, donde se explicitan las competencias que ha de adquirir un futuro doctor tras su formación. Este perfil recoge las competencias que se demandan en el contexto globalizado actual, considerando la documentación nacional, internacional y la opinión de los doctorandos. De acuerdo a ello, se propone analizar la coherencia de cada uno de los perfiles de egreso declarados con respecto al perfil de egreso estándar. El método utilizado es de carácter cuantitativo descriptivo, con un diseño de tipo transversal, utilizándose técnicas descriptivas y de asociación. Como resultados se presenta la cuantificación de las competencias disciplinares, metodológicas, instrumentales y genéricas declaradas en los perfiles de egreso de los programas de Doctorado en Educación dictados en Chile, con el fin de contribuir a la evaluación de estos en el contexto nacional. A nivel internacional, se presenta una metodología replicable para el análisis de perfiles de egreso de programas de doctorado.
La educación estadística en el nivel universitario: retos y oportunidades
Authors: Ramos Vargas Luis Fernando
Published: December 2019

La educación estadística es un fenómeno que en los últimos años ha generado mayor interés, evidenciado en el incremento del número de investigaciones en todos los niveles educativos. El desarrollo tecnológico ha traído consigo cambios importantes en las sociedades, y ha propiciado una inmensa cantidad de información que crece diariamente, por lo que se necesita a otro tipo de ciudadano y profesional, que sea capaz de entender e interpretar la información que lo rodea. Sin embargo, los estudiantes universitarios muestran actitudes desfavorables hacia la estadística, lo que se ve reflejado en resultados insatisfactorios en término de aprendizaje y aplicación. Se trata de una investigación bibliográfica-documental que revisa los factores implicados en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la estadística en el nivel universitario. La exposición se organiza en cuatro partes, en la primera, se presenta la problemática de la educación estadística en las aulas universitarias; en la segunda, se explican los niveles cognitivos involucrados; en la tercera, se exponen siete modelos de enseñanza y en la última se discuten las implicancias del futuro de la educación estadística en el nivel universitario
Publicaciones científicas en revistas peruanas de psicología: un análisis desde la participación estudiantil
Authors: Hernández Ronald M. , Carranza Esteban Renzo Felipe , Caycho-Rodríguez Tomás , Cabrera-Orosco Isabel , Arias Chávez Dennis
Published: December 2019

El estudio describe la producción científica de estudiantes de psicología en revistas peruanas de psicología registrados en el directorio Latindex, en el año 2017. Se realizó un estudio teórico analizando 220 artículos de 12 revistas de psicología. Se excluyó todo aquel tipo de publicación que no cuente con la estructura IMRYD. Se registraron 485 autores con afiliación nacional e internacional de los cuales el 8.25% son estudiantes de psicología, los cuales han participado en la publicación de 29 artículos (investigaciones originales, revisiones y estudios de caso). De los 29 artículos con autoría estudiantil, el 64.5% son artículos del área clínica y el 35.5% del área educativa. El tipo de investigación con mayor predominancia es instrumental (54.8%). Se concluye que la producción científica de los estudiantes de psicología de pregrado en las revistas de psicología es baja. Esto hace necesario fortalecer e incentivar la generación y divulgación de los estudios científicos psicológicos por parte de los estudiantes en el Perú.
Elaboración del marco teórico en la formación universitaria docente: algunas claves para comprender sus implicaciones
Authors: Toledo Lara Gustavo
Published: December 2019

En este artículo se presenta un análisis cualitativo sobre las posibles implicaciones de la elaboración del marco teórico en la formación universitaria docente. A partir de la exploración teórica, se identifica la necesidad de reconocer el contexto en el que se desarrolla la experiencia investigativa de los estudiantes, además de reconocer y diferenciar los elementos constitutivos del marco teórico. Todo lo anterior debe estar sustentado en el fomento del pensamiento crítico y la capacidad argumental desde el inicio de los estudios universitarios con el objetivo de asumir la capacidad crítica y reflexiva de forma que se pueda extrapolar a la futura acción docente en las aulas. La acción tutorial, la hipótesis de progresión y el diseño curricular deben permitir el establecimiento de estrategias que mejoren la atención personalizada de los estudiantes una vez que inician su experiencia investigativa. Finalmente, resulta determinante la formación tanto para el docente que orienta a los futuros educadores, como para los propios estudiantes, ya que la motivación y el fortalecimiento de la vocación docente constituyen elementos vinculantes al momento de integrar las competencias propias de los profesionales del siglo XXI y más al tratarse de la disciplina docente como campo de estudio y de formación.
Editorial
Authors: Grimaldo Muchotrigo Mirian
Published: December 2019

La Revista Digital en Docencia Universitaria (RIDU), en su afán permanente por contribuir al desarrollo y difusión de las investigaciones, pública el segundo número del presente año. Sin duda, RIDU se ha convertido en una palestra para la reflexión y el análisis de temas relacionados a la educación superior.
Hoy en día, el rol del docente universitario supone la ejecución de varias tareas. Dichas acciones han estado orientadas tradicionalmente a la docencia y al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje. Sin embargo, la problemática de hoy obliga al catedrático a participar también de procesos en investigación; a dirigir esfuerzos relacionados con la responsabilidad social; a empaparse en temas de gestión universitaria (Ministerio de Educación, 2014). Además de ello, es necesario asumir que la educación a nivel superior debe mantener una orientación formativa: esto supone tener una visión amplia de carácter humanista (Coloma, 2015; Hodelín & Fuentes, 2014). De esta manera, la educación se vuelve un pilar para la construcción de soluciones y mejoras en los diferentes retos de carácter social que enfrentan nuestros países (Martí N., Martí, V. Vargas & Moncayo, 2014).
Multiple repair scenario of life cycle cost of RCC girder bridge using Markov chain model
Authors: Islam Md. Shafiqul , Sharmin Shayla , Islam Jebunnesa
Published: December 2019

At present, many road authorities in the world face challenges in condition monitoring diagnosis of distress and forecasting deterioration, strengthening and convalescence of aging bridge structures. The accurate prediction of the future condition is crucial for optimizing the maintenance activities. It is very tough to predict the actual performance scenario or actual in–situ structures without carrying out inspection. Limited availability of detailed inspection data is considered as one of the major drawbacks in developing deterioration models. In State Based Markov deterioration (SNMD) modelling, the main job is to estimate transition probability matrixes (TPMs). In this paper, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is used to estimate TPMs. In Markov Chain Model, future conditions depend on only present bridge inspection data. Multiple repair options are adopted in order to optimize life cycle cost. Repairs are needed when the critical chloride concentration exceeds 0.2. Three distinct types of cost corresponding to each repair option is considered. The objective of this paper is to minimize the life cycle cost considering appropriate repair timings of mixed repair methods. Variation of life cycle cost of five different concretes (stronger to weaker) using three different repair option is shown in this paper. For specific normalized condition of concrete’s failure probability (0.3) and specific type of concrete, variation of life cycle cost using multiple repair options is also shown in this paper.
Effect of w/c ratio and cement content on diffusivity of chloride ion in concrete: A molecular dynamics study
Authors: Rokon Rokonuzzaman , Islam Md. Shafiqul , Mursalin Nusrat E.
Published: December 2019

When a reinforced structure is exposed to marine environments, chloride-induced corrosion occurs and it decreases the durability and performance of the structure. The degree of humidity, the presence of cracks, environmental conditions, w/c ratio, and cement content are the influencing factors for chloride ion ingress into concrete. All of them, w/c ratio and cement content are treated as the most crucial factors on diffusion. This paper focus on Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation method to determine the diffusion coefficient of chloride ion in concrete. The effect of w/c ratio and cement content on the diffusivity of chloride ion is also evaluated. The diffusion coefficients are obtained 2.88x10-12 m2/s, 3.13x10-12 m2/s, and 3.61x10-12 m2/s respectively for different w/c ratio of 0.40, 0.45 and 0.50 with constant cement content. Again the diffusion coefficient are calculated 4.6x10-12 m2/s, 3.13x10-12 m2/s, 2.78x10-12 m2/s respectively for different cement content of 300 kg/m3, 350 kg/m3 and 400 kg/m3 with constant w/c ratio. The simulation results clearly indicate that the diffusion coefficient of chlorine was affected by w/c ratio and cement content significantly.
Behavior improvement of self-compacting concrete in hot weather
Authors: Kamal Mounir M. , Etman Zeinab A. , Bashandy Alaa A. , Nagy Mohammed
Published: December 2019

The main aim of this research is studying the effect of hot weather on the properties of self-compacting concrete and conventional concrete in both fresh and hardened state. Also, this research extends to improve the behavior of self-compacting concrete in hot weather. The main parameters were surrounding weather temperature (5°C, 20°C and 35°C), concrete materials temperatures’ (25°C, 50°C), curing temperatures (25°C and 50°C) and admixtures (using a retarder). Two stages were carried out to achieve the research aim. The behavior of self-compacting concrete compared to conventional concrete was evaluated in the first stage. Based on the first stage, attempts to enhance the concrete properties were evaluated in the second stage. Precautions on mixing and placing concrete in these climates are considered. Results are a drive in terms of; workability tests, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. Test results showed that self-compacting concrete behavior and strengths were better than conventional concrete. Slump test, J-ring and V-funnel test were used to evaluate the fresh properties of the self-compacting concrete. Drying shrinkage of self-compacting concrete in hot weather were also evaluated.
Rationale for the use of enriching additives from vegetable raw materials in the production of pasta
Authors: Iskakova G. K. , Iztaev B. A. , Magomedov G. O. , Umirzakova G. A.
Published: December 2019

Pasta in comparison with other flour products has a number of advantages: high digestibility of essential nutrients, long shelf life, low cost and availability for all segments of the population. The most rational way to create functional pasta is to introduce into the recipe natural ingredients of plant origin, non-traditional for this industry, which can increase nutritional value, improve organoleptic and physico-chemical indicators, create a group of new varieties, intensify production processes, improve quality in the processing of raw materials with low pasta properties, to ensure the saving of primary and secondary raw materials. For the experiments, wheat flour of the highest grade, obtained by grinding soft wheat of the Ertys 97 variety, and pasta flour (grain), obtained from durum wheat of the Kargala 69 variety, were used. According to the results of the analysis of organoleptic, physicochemical, biochemical parameters of grain and flour, it can be stated that the quality of grain and flour meets the requirements of the standards. Corn, chickpea, amaranth flour and carrot powder obtained by grinding whole grains of Budan 237 maize, Kamila chickpea, A. cruentus amaranth (obtained and grown locally in the Almaty region) and Abako carrots in a mechanical activator mill were used as additives. The results of studies of the chemical composition of polydisperse corn, chickpea, amaranth flour and carrot powder indicate high nutritional value, the possibility of using as biologically active additives for enriching pasta with proteins, minerals, organic acids, vitamins and natural dyes.
Probiotic properties of heterofermented milk products
Authors: Zandanova T. N. , Gogoleva P. A. , Myryanova T. P. , Ivanova K. V.
Published: December 2019

Information is presented on the study of the probiotic properties of fermented milk products of heteroenzymatic fermentation, namely their antimutagenic, hypocholesterolemic, antioxidant activity, and the ability to suppress pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria. Data on the effective use of koumiss, kefir, chegen, kurunga in the treatment of acute intestinal infections, their ability to limit the intensity of peroxide metabolism are presented. Thus, their bactericidal action against tubercle Bacillus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus fastidiosus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, etc. was established.the data of clinical trials proving their influence on the normalization of human lipid metabolism are Presented. Antioxidant effect is associated with the action of vitamins C, E, polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc. produced by the microflora of dairy products. Many researchers indicate that multicomponent probiotics have a high adaptive potential in the conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, artificially created communities of lactobacilli isolated from spontaneously formed microflora of "artisanal" fermented milk products exhibit antimirobial action against pathogenic microflora.
Application of artificial smell systems for bakery products state monitoring
Authors: Kuchmenko T. A. , Bosikova J. N.
Published: December 2019

Examples of the integrated analytical system "electronic nose" use to discover early signs of bakery products deterioration are studied in the article. The development of physical and chemical analysis methods goes along the path of samples composition differentiating and making decisions on the components set content that determine the product safety and quality. However, the differentiation and descriptor assessment of the integral organoleptic properties, especially of smell and taste, does not reflect the product true state. The development of innovative methods is based on the approximation of instrumental analysis of smell and taste to human perception. The results of quality assessment and changes in the state of white and black bread during storage by the signals of an array of chemical sensors based on highly sensitive piezoelectric scales are presented. Piezoelectric quartz microscales are modified with nanostructured phases of various nature and mass. Modifiers were selected taking into account their selectivity and sensitivity to easily volatile biomolecules, the content of which can be changed with the maturation or spoilage of bread, or during storage. As such phases, biohydroxyapatite, multilayer carbon nanotubes oxidized with nitric acid, zirconium nitrate are used. It was shown that the MAG-8 electronic nose signals based on eight piezosensors with nanostructured phases it is possible to detect changes in the state of bread by the qualitative and quantitative composition of the mixture of volatile biomolecules that the array is tuned to. For samples of a loaf of wheat flour and black bread, the composition of marker substances was determined, reflecting the nature of the products and their change during storage and spoilage. Changes in the content of water, acetic acid, ketones, alcohols, acetates and amines were noted in the article. The calculated parameters of the "electronic nose" associated with the content of these compounds and allowing them to be recognized in a mixture in the presence of other compounds were offered in the work.
Study of the effect of high-frequency acoustic cavitation on the quality of raw milk and dairy products based on it
Authors: Kanina K. A. , Krasulya O. N. , Zhizhin N. A. , Semenova E. S.
Published: December 2019

The article presents the results of studies obtained in the study of the quality of milk processed with the use of high-frequency acoustic cavitation and dairy products produced with its use. The research was carried out with the use of General scientific and special research methods in the laboratory of the Department of technology of storage and processing of animal products of the K. A. Timiryazev and in the accredited laboratory of technochemical control of the all-Russian research Institute of dairy industry. It is shown that the treatment of cow's milk-raw materials high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations (above 45 kHz), the generated electric ultrasonic device immersion type pulse impact ouzo "Activator-150", the number of bacteria of group of intestinal sticks (coliforms) decreased by almost 40%, which allows to make a conclusion about the appropriateness of the selected method of exposure for the destruction of microorganisms E. coli and coliform bacteria. Processed, using high-frequency acoustic cavitation, cow's milk was used for the production of brine cheese-cheese. It is shown that cheese cheese had a high nutritional value, which is due to the preservation of essential substances in the raw material (in particular, calcium, which in the production of cheese cheese precipitates if pasteurized milk is used), elastic consistency, safety of consumer characteristics - microbiological and physico-chemical.
Scientifically based production criteria for chocolate semi-finished products using fruit and vegetable powders
Authors: Linovskaya N. V. , Mazukabzova E. V. , Rudenko O. S.
Published: December 2019

Chocolate glaze consists mainly of sugar (50%) and fat (35%) and is a high-calorie semi-finished product with a high content of simple carbohydrates. The standard for glaze provides the possibility of producing chocolate glaze with fruit and vegetable components, which reduces the content of simple carbohydrates. Studied and justified the criteria for the production of chocolate glazes with different contents of fruit and vegetable powders. Analysis of the rheological parameters of chocolate semi-finished products showed that the introduction of fruit and vegetable powder instead of part of the sugar leads to a significant change in the nature of the rheological behavior of the semi-finished product. The yield strength increases from 3.4 to 12.6 Pa as the proportion of fruit and vegetable powder in the formulation increases. In order to determine the effect of the production method on changes in the yield strength of fruit and vegetable chocolate glaze, a series of experiments was carried out. It was found that with a constant content of fruit and vegetable powder (11%), temperature, processing time and machine support, the resulting chocolate glazes differed in their rheological characteristics. It was found that the greatest reduction in the yield strength of fruit and vegetable chocolate glazes during the production process can be achieved by stage-by-stage grinding of the formulation components in a ball mill and the additional introduction of PGPR emulsifier at the conching stage. The quality of chocolate semi-finished products depends not only on rheological parameters, but also on crystallization properties. The developed chocolate glazes with different contents of the fruit and vegetable component were processed at a temperature of about 30 °C in a laboratory tempering machine in order to form and stabilize fat crystals in ?-form. Then, the temperindex was determined. It was found that, subject to the same tempering conditions, with an increase in the proportion of fruit and vegetable powder, the temperature of glazes increases. Glazes with a mass fraction of fruit and vegetable powder of more than 7% were distinguished by the properties of re-tempered semi-finished products - the presence of large fat crystals, a rough structure and the absence of surface gloss. In order to obtain the optimal temperature index of glazes with a content of fruit and vegetable raw materials of more than 7%, their tempering modes were developed.
Development of a technology for the production of snacks based on blackcurrant berries (Ribes nigrum)
Authors: Makarova N. V. , Ignatova D. F. , Vasileva E. A. , Solina Y. I. , Eliseeva E. A.
Published: December 2019

Interest in the consumption of berries is largely due to the content of biologically active substances in them and their importance as dietary antioxidants. Polyphenolic compounds found in blackcurrant berries are known as agents that act prophylactically and therapeutically on the human body. The following were determined: total content of phenolic substances, flavonoids, anti-radical activity according to the DPPH method, restoring power according to the FRAP method, anthocyanins, organoleptic characteristics, dietary fiber content, vitamin C content for feedstock, semi-finished products (blackcurrant berries, blackcurrant puree, two types freeze-dried snacks from blackcurrant berries). According to the results of the study, it was found that the freeze-dried berry (snacks of two types of freeze-drying) showed good results: 42.05 mmol Fe2 +/1 kg (snacks with a structure-forming agent, 5% pectin), 38.6 mmol Fe2 +/1 kg ( snacks) restoring power according to the FRAP method, 47.1 Ec 50 mg/ml (snacks), 79.4 Ec 50 mg/ml (snacks with a builder, pectin 5%) anti-radical activity according to the DPPH method, 766 mg HA/100 g ( snacks), 835 mg HA/100 g (snacks with a builder, pectin 5%) total phenolic content, 374 mg K/100 g (snacks), 392 mg K/100 g (snacks with by a touring agent, 5% pectin) total flavonoid content, 166.07 mg CG/100 g (snacks), 174.21 mg CG/100 g (snacks with a structuring agent, 5% pectin) anthocyanins content, 50.1% (snacks), 66.9% (snacks with a builder, pectin 5%) vitamin C content, 76.8% (snacks), 90% (snacks with a builder, pectin 5%) dietary fiber, 1.92% (snacks), 2.13 % (snacks with a builder, pectin 5%) – titratable acidity. Thus, we can conclude that vacuum drying provides samples with good physicochemical properties and is better than a dried sample.
Modeling of regeneration process of oil contaminated quartz sand with water solution of natural surfactant in vibratory fluidized bed
Authors: Ivanova A. A. , Berengarten M. G. , Bulatov M. A.
Published: December 2019

The development of new and modernization of existing technological systems aimed at increasing the efficiency of treatment of surface storm water and industrial wastewater is an important area. Since individual objects are connected to each other in wastewater treatment systems, a change in the operation parameters of one of them will affect the others. For example, carrying out the correct effective regeneration of the quick filter, selected for a certain grade of filter material and the type of pollution, will relieve the work of the treatment plant as a whole. The actual direction is the introduction of environmentally friendly technical solutions and technologies. Therefore, special attention is paid to a natural surface-active substance (surfactant), which can be used as an active substance in a regenerating solution. The process of regeneration of an oil-contaminated sample of silica sand with a surfactant solution in a vibrated fluid bed is studied. Simulation of water flushing was achieved using an experimental setup with a vibrodrive. A quartz sand sample was taken from the quick filter of the Kotlyakovo-Kolomna group facilities of the Promotkhody waste facility after it was flushed. As an active component of the regenerating solution, a substance of natural origin, gum arabic polysaccharide, which has high surface activity against oil-fat deposits, was chosen. The concentration of gum arabic in the regenerating solution was chosen at the level of 1%. The results of the influence of the frequency and amplitude of vibrations on the regeneration process are obtained. To assess the effectiveness of the regeneration process, a dimensionless simplex is proposed, which is the ratio of the volumetric weighing force to the force of vibrations. A high degree of regeneration of a quartz sand sample in a fluidized bed is shown.
Systematization and morphological analysis of rubber membranes
Authors: Kudelin D. V. , Nesiolovskaya T. N.
Published: December 2019

Increasing of the competitiveness of rubber membranes is determined both by their quality, reliability and durability, and by the time required to create a new product. Therefore, researchers need to have a clear picture of current and perspective areas of exploration, as well as the creation and using of rubber membranes. In this work, a systemic-functional analysis was carried out that revealed the functions of rubber membranes, the classification and their characteristic features. The main aspects of the rubber membranes classification are: the principle of action (direct action membranes, designed to convert pressure changes into displacement, and inverse action membranes, designed to convert movement into pressure changes are distinguished), the purpose and conditions of use (allocate power, compensation, pumping and damping are distinguished), as well as design features (flat, convoluted, dished, conical, envelope-shaped, spherical are distinguished). A matrix of interconnected classification features was compiled: purpose, application conditions, and design features with indicators such as strength, elasticity, large reversible strains, tear resistance, fatigue endurance, chemical inertness, oil resistance, gas impermeability, durability, low toxicity and low cost. A morphological analysis of possible technical solutions in the design and creation of rubber membranes through the use of various rubbers has been performed. The concretization of the morphological analysis of possible technical solutions in relation to classification criteria shows the necessity of a combination of rubbers to obtain rubbers with specified technical properties and the possibility of expanding the range of analyzed rubbers for developing promising technological solutions.
Research on the quality of diesel fuel provided by LLC Ferronordic Trading House
Authors: Iovleva E. L.
Published: December 2019

Ferronordic is the official dealer for Volvo Construction Equipment, Dressta, Mecalac and Rottne. In addition to sales and after-sales support for Volvo Construction Equipment, the company is a dealer for servicing Volvo and Renault Trucks, as well as a dealer for Volvo Penta for servicing industrial and marine engines in some regions of Russia. The company collaborates with other well-known brands and several suppliers of attachments. The Swedish concern Volvo Group supplies to the Russian market trucks equipped with diesel engines with Common Rail injection system, as well as with pump nozzles. Diesel mechanical and electronic pump nozzles perform timely and metered injection of the working mixture into the combustion chambers of the cylinders of a diesel engine. The mechanical nozzles are driven by a high-pressure fuel pump, while the electronic ones are controlled by the Common Rail electronic injection system and are constantly under intense mechanical stress. Poor quality diesel fuel leads to: loss of power, lack of traction and instability of the engine; overexpenditure and fuel leakage from sprayers; change in spray angle and time; change in the amount of injected mixture; the appearance of knocks and noises, black and bluish smoke during exhaust. The results of research work on the study of the quality of diesel fuel of the company LLC Ferronordic Trading House are presented. The physicochemical properties of diesel fuel were studied experimentally, such as: density, fractional composition, mass fraction of sulfur, mass fraction of water, flash point, limiting filterability temperature and cloud point.
Thermal and IR-Fourier transform spectroscopic study of water-soluble carbohydrate-arylamine condensation products in neutral media
Authors: Cherepanov I. S.
Published: December 2019

Production of synthetic analogues of natural compounds, including high-molecular ones, as well as study of processes of their structure formation, is a pressing task of organic substances technology. To a large extent, this applies to synthetic humic substances, important products characterized by plant growth effect, chelating and other important properties. Simple carbohydrates and aromatic amines as oxygen and nitrogen-containing constituents during condensation in ethanol media produce water-fractionated products, the soluble fractions of which are studied herein by thermal degradation in combination with IR-Fourier transform spectroscopy. Spectral band profile is confirmed mainly by aliphatic structure with high degree of functionalization by carboxyl, hydroxyl and amine groups. As the isolated water-soluble solid products are thermally decomposed in the range of 100-180 °С temperatures in an inert atmosphere, the intensity of bands at 1030 and 1090 cm-1 decreases, and the intensity of the first band drops to almost zero at 180 °С. This experimental fact indicates the progress of thermal dehydration processes, indicating the presence of hydroxyl functions in the structure of the products. The latter are both OH-groups of carbohydrate residue and groups, formed during condensation processes. Additionally, the intensity of the absorption band in the region of 1600 cm-1 corresponding to the fluctuations of double bonds resulting from dehydration is increased. It can be assumed that unlike products of insoluble fractions, as well as products of acid-catalyzed condensations, water-soluble products are formed in neutral ethanol media, the main processes of formation of which are processes of direct retro-aldol cleavage of N-glycosylamines with subsequent condensation of decomposition products. Such a set of processes is an alternative to the experimental difficulty of Amadori rearrangement and lead to formation of products structure differ from one for acid catalyzed condensation products.
Creation of an automated system for measuring technological parameters in the rubber production line
Authors: Zhirkova V. S. , Kleymenova N. L. , Dvoryaninova O. P. , Nazina L. I. , Ershov S. V.
Published: December 2019

The introduction of an automated control system on the production line of the rubber compound will reduce the influence of the human factor on the quality of rubber products, which will lead to a significant improvement in the operational and physico-mechanical characteristics of the final product. Also, the development of this system will create a centralized data collection system for creating reports on technological operations of the production process. To obtain high-quality products, it is necessary to control and maintain all technological parameters during equipment operation at the same level, modern means of registration and parameter management. In the production of rubber compounds, it is necessary to ensure a high degree of automation of the main technological equipment, which will make it possible to more accurately dose the ingredients, including dusting ones, to conduct the process in a given temperature regime for the time required to obtain high-quality products. The implementation of automatic control during the use of high-performance equipment is not possible without the use of measuring and control equipment. The article is devoted to the problem of automation of a system for measuring technological parameters on a rubber compound production line in order to improve the quality of manufactured products. The analysis of the technological process is carried out, the controlled parameters of not only the modes of the technological process, but also of raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are selected. The choice of instruments and local automation equipment is presented, as well as the choice of an industrial microcontroller with which control is carried out at the lower level of an integrated automation system. A functional diagram of the automation of the rubber compound production process is proposed, which will allow to obtain a product with quality indicators corresponding to the regulated level.
Optimization of the production process of solid household soap
Authors: Zheltouhova E. Y. , Kravchenko A. N. , Kondrashina E. D.
Published: December 2019

In the study, the main emphasis is on improving organoleptic characteristics (color, smell, structure), as well as foaming ability and storage duration, the change of which will allow to obtain a better product. An organoleptic and qualitative analysis of solid laundry soap was carried out, due to which the main consumer shortcomings of the products were identified and the line and formulation of the production were optimized to eliminate them. The basis of the optimization is to equip additional containers with a peroxide supply and dosage masking system, the use of which is necessary due to the introduction of new formulation components, an additional pair of screws is also used to prevent the marble-like structure of the product. Hydrogen peroxide was included in the recipe, the use of which allows clarifying the product at the stage of carbonate saponification and obtaining a light beige soap in accordance with the standard, and maskirators to hide the smell of fatty acids characteristic of this type of solid soap. Hydrogen peroxide bleaching is based on the oxidation and color loss of coloring dark substances due to the release of active oxygen by heating the peroxide with soaps. The main parameters of the peroxide supply: pressure 0.6 MPa, concentration in the range from 2 to 5% by weight of the fat mixture. Given the possibility of abrupt foaming and ejection of soap in the process, the introduction of peroxide can stop or reduce the amount of hydrogen peroxide added, and in emergency situations a cold water supply is provided.
Technology of production of barium-lanthanum cuprate
Authors: Niftaliev S. I. , Lygina L. V. , Kuznetsova I. V. , Lopatina E. A.
Published: December 2019

With the help of glycine-nitrate technology, nanoparticles of barium-lanthanum cuprate complex oxide were obtained and its properties were studied. According to x-ray phase analysis, the synthesized sample is single-phase.The complex oxide has a perovskite structure with the spatial group Pmmm (47). The parameters of the crystal lattice calculated from the diffractogram are determined. The microstructure of the obtained compositions was determined by scanning electron microscopy. The sample has a porous foam-like microstructure, consists of aggregates having a size of 15-98 nm. Using thermal analysis, it was found that during heating the mass of the sample was lost (4.19%). The greatest loss of mass is observed in the range 318-372 °C, the process is accompanied by an endothermic effect, which corresponds to the loss of bound water, which was sorbed into the pores and entered the structure of the complex oxide. The possibility of the perovskite layered structure to intercalate water and ions into the interlayer space, the structure of which is a "nanoreactor" for further chemical transformations, is confirmed. The enthalpy of deintercolation corresponds to 2.052 kJ/mol, this value correlates with the enthalpy values of deintercolation for perovskite structures (1.5-17.0 kJ/mol). The technology can be applied to solve practical problems of synthesis of nanopowders of mixed oxides as import-substituting components of automotive catalysts and promising ceramic materials with specified functional properties.