bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data from the Human Penguin Project, a cross-national dataset testing social thermoregulation principles
Authors: Hu Chuan-Peng , Yin Ji-Xing , Lindenberg Siegwart , Dalğar İlker , Weissgerber Sophia C. , Vergara Rodrigo C. , Cairo Athena H. , Čolić Marija V. , Dursun Pinar , Frankowska Natalia , Hadi Rhonda , Hall Calvin J. , Hong Youngki , Joy-Gaba Jennifer , Lazarević Dušanka , Lazarević Ljiljana B. , Parzuchowski Michal , Ratner Kyle G. , Rothman David , Sim Samantha , Simão Cláudia , Song Mengdi , Stojilović Darko , Blomster Johanna K. , Brito Rodrigo , Hennecke Marie , Jaume-Guazzini Francisco , Schubert Thomas W. , Schütz Astrid , Seibt Beate , Zickfeld Janis H. , IJzerman Hans
Published: April 2019

In the Human Penguin Project (N = 1755), 15 research groups from 12 countries collected body temperature, demographic variables, social network indices, seven widely-used psychological scales and two newly developed questionnaires (the Social Thermoregulation and Risk Avoidance Questionnaire (STRAQ-1) and the Kama Muta Frequency Scale (KAMF)). They were collected to investigate the relationship between environmental factors (e.g., geographical, climate etc.) and human behaviors, which is a long-standing inquiry in the scientific community. More specifically, the present project was designed to test principles surrounding the idea of social thermoregulation, which posits that social networks help people to regulate their core body temperature. The results showed that all scales in the current project have sufficient to good psychometrical properties. Unlike previous crowdsourced projects, this dataset includes not only the cleaned raw data but also all the validation of questionnaires in 9 different languages, thus providing a valuable resource for psychological scientists who are interested in cross-national, environment-human interaction studies.
Territoriality and variation in home range size through the entire annual range of migratory great spotted cuckoos (Clamator glandarius)
Authors: Rühmann Josse , Soler Manuel , Pérez-Contreras Tomás , Ibáñez-Álamo Juan Diego
Published: April 2019

Variation in home range size throughout the year and its causes are not well understood yet. Migratory brood parasites offer a unique opportunity to incorporate this spatio-temporal dimension into the study of the factors regulating home range dynamics. Using satellite transmitters, we tracked sixteen migratory great spotted cuckoos (Clamator glandarius) of both sexes for up to three years. We constructed home ranges in all major staging areas, from the Spanish breeding areas to the African wintering grounds, analyzed their temporal and geographical variation and investigated their main potential determinants (e.g. food and host availability). We found that home ranges were significantly larger in the breeding area compared to non-breeding areas. Using NDVI as a proxy for food availability, we showed that breeding area home ranges have significantly lower food availability per km2 than home ranges elsewhere which could explain why cuckoos use alternative areas with higher food availability before initiating migration. We also found some evidence for sex differences. Additionally, we found no indications of territoriality in this species, providing novel information into the current debate on brood parasite territoriality. Overall, food availability seems to be an important factor regulating home range dynamics and influencing migratory patterns throughout the year in great spotted cuckoos.
Slowing less than 1 Hz is decreased near the seizure onset zone
Authors: Lundstrom Brian Nils , Boly Melanie , Duckrow Robert , Zaveri Hitten P. , Blumenfeld Hal
Published: April 2019

Focal slowing (<4 Hz) of brain waves is often associated with focal cerebral dysfunction and is assumed to be increased closest to the location of dysfunction. Prior work suggests that slowing may be comprised of at least two distinct neural mechanisms: slow oscillation activity (<1 Hz) may reflect primarily inhibitory cortical mechanisms while power in the delta frequency (1–4 Hz) may correlate with local synaptic strength. In focal epilepsy patients, we examined slow wave activity near and far from the seizure onset zone (SOZ) during wake, sleep, and postictal states using intracranial electroencephalography. We found that slow oscillation (0.3–1 Hz) activity was decreased near the SOZ, while delta activity (2–4 Hz) activity was increased. This finding was most prominent during sleep, and accompanied by a loss of long-range intra-hemispheric synchrony. In contrast to sleep, postictal slowing was characterized by a broadband increase of spectral power, and showed a reduced modulatory effect of slow oscillations on higher frequencies. These results suggest slow oscillation focal slowing is reduced near the seizure onset zone, perhaps reflecting reduced inhibitory activity. Dissociation between slow oscillation and delta slowing could help localize the seizure onset zone from interictal intracranial recordings.
Novel screening system revealed that intracellular cholesterol trafficking can be a good target for colon cancer prevention
Authors: Miyamoto Shingo , Narita Takumi , Komiya Masami , Fujii Gen , Hamoya Takahiro , Nakanishi Ruri , Tamura Shuya , Kurokawa Yurie , Takahashi Maiko , Mutoh Michihiro
Published: April 2019

In conventional research methods for cancer prevention, cell proliferation and apoptosis have been intensively targeted rather than the protection of normal or benign tumor cells from malignant transformation. In this study, we aimed to identify candidate colon cancer chemopreventive drugs based on the transcriptional activities of TCF/LEF, NF-κB and NRF2, that play important roles in the process of malignant transformation. We screened a “validated library” consisting of 1280 approved drugs to identify hit compounds that decreased TCF/LEF and NF-κB transcriptional activity and increased NRF2 transcriptional activity. Based on the evaluation of these 3 transcriptional activities, 8 compounds were identified as candidate chemopreventive drugs for colorectal cancer. One of those, itraconazole, is a clinically used anti-fungal drug and was examined in the Min mouse model of familial adenomatous polyposis. Treatment with itraconazole significantly suppressed intestinal polyp formation and the effects of itraconazole on transcriptional activities may be exerted partly through inhibition of intracellular cholesterol trafficking. This screen represents one of the first attempts to identify chemopreventive agents using integrated criteria consisting of the inhibition of TCF/LEF, NF-κB and induction of NRF2 transcriptional activity.
Intracellular Fe2+ accumulation in endothelial cells and pericytes induces blood-brain barrier dysfunction in secondary brain injury after brain hemorrhage
Authors: Imai Takahiko , Iwata Sena , Hirayama Tasuku , Nagasawa Hideko , Nakamura Shinsuke , Shimazawa Masamitsu , Hara Hideaki
Published: April 2019

After intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), iron is released from the hematoma and induces secondary brain injury. However, the detail effect of iron on blood-brain barrier (BBB) function is still unknown. We investigated whether hemoglobin (Hb), ferrous ammonium sulfate (FAS) or hemin which contains iron have the detrimental effect on both human brain microvascular endothelial cells and pericytes by cellular function analysis in vitro. We developed an iron (Fe2+)-detectable probe, Si-RhoNox-1, to investigate intracellular Fe2+ accumulation (Fe2+intra). After FAS treatment, there was the correlation between Fe2+intra and cell death. Moreover, Hb or hemin treatment induced cell death, increased reactive oxygen species and promoted Fe2+intra in both cells. These changes were inhibited by the Fe2+ chelator, 2,2′-bipyridil (BP). Furthermore, hemin induced endothelial barrier dysfunction via disruption of junction integrity. Based on in vitro studies, we used a hemin-injection ICH mice model in vivo. Hemin injection (10 mM/10 µL, i.c.) induced deleterious effects including BBB hyper-permeability, neuronal deficits, neuronal damage, altered proteins expression, and Fe2+intra in BBB composed cells. Lastly, BP (40 mg/kg, i.p.) administration attenuated neuronal deficits at 3 days after surgery. Collectively, Hb or hemin damaged BBB composed cells via Fe2+intra. Therefore, the regulation of the Fe2+ movement in BBB might be effective for treatment of ICH.
Near full-length HIV-1 subtype B sequences from the early South African epidemic, detecting a BD unique recombinant form (URF) from a sample in 1985
Authors: Obasa Adetayo Emmanuel , Engelbrecht Susan , Jacobs Graeme Brendon
Published: April 2019

HIV-1 subtype C is the most prevalent subtype in South Africa. Although subtype B was previously detected in South Africa, there is limited sequence information available. We characterized near full-length HIV-1 subtype B sequences from samples collected at the start of the South African HIV-1 epidemic, in the 1980s. Five samples were analysed by PCR amplification, Sanger DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. The viral genomes were amplified in two overlapping fragments of 5.5 kb and 3.7 kb. The sequences were subtyped using REGA version 3.0, RIP version 3.0 and jpHMM. Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic trees were inferred with MEGA version 6. Four HIV-1 patient sequences were subtyped as pure HIV-1 subtype B. One sequence was characterized as a novel HIV-1 subtype B and D recombinant. The sequences clustered phylogenetically with other HIV-1 subtype B sequences from South Africa, Europe and the USA. We report the presence of an HIV-1 subtype B and D recombinant strain detected in the beginning of the epidemic. This indicates that viral recombination events were already happening in 1985, but could have been missed as sequence analyses were often limited to small genomic regions of HIV-1.
Enabling cell recovery from 3D cell culture microfluidic devices for tumour microenvironment biomarker profiling
Authors: Virumbrales-Muñoz María , Ayuso Jose M. , Lacueva Alodia , Randelovic Teodora , Livingston Megan K. , Beebe David J. , Oliván Sara , Pereboom Desirée , Doblare Manuel , Fernández Luis , Ochoa Ignacio
Published: April 2019

The tumour microenvironment (TME) has recently drawn much attention due to its profound impact on tumour development, drug resistance and patient outcome. There is an increasing interest in new therapies that target the TME. Nonetheless, most established in vitro models fail to include essential cues of the TME. Microfluidics can be used to reproduce the TME in vitro and hence provide valuable insight on tumour evolution and drug sensitivity. However, microfluidics remains far from well-established mainstream molecular and cell biology methods. Therefore, we have developed a quick and straightforward collagenase-based enzymatic method to recover cells embedded in a 3D hydrogel in a microfluidic device with no impact on cell viability. We demonstrate the validity of this method on two different cell lines in a TME microfluidic model. Cells were successfully retrieved with high viability, and we characterised the different cell death mechanisms via AMNIS image cytometry in our model.
Author Correction: Effect of Low-Dose Alcohol Consumption on Inflammation Following Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats
Authors: McCarter Kimberly D. , Li Chun , Jiang Zheng , Lu Wei , Smith Hillary A. , Xu Guodong , Mayhan William G. , Sun Hong
Published: April 2019

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.
Estimation of swine movement network at farm level in the US from the Census of Agriculture data
Authors: Moon Sifat A. , Ferdousi Tanvir , Self Adrian , Scoglio Caterina M.
Published: April 2019

Swine movement networks among farms/operations are an important source of information to understand and prevent the spread of diseases, nearly nonexistent in the United States. An understanding of the movement networks can help the policymakers in planning effective disease control measures. The objectives of this work are: (1) estimate swine movement probabilities at the county level from comprehensive anonymous inventory and sales data published by the United States Department of Agriculture - National Agriculture Statistics Service database, (2) develop a network based on those estimated probabilities, and (3) analyze that network using network science metrics. First, we use a probabilistic approach based on the maximum information entropy method to estimate the movement probabilities among different swine populations. Then, we create a swine movement network using the estimated probabilities for the counties of the central agricultural district of Iowa. The analysis of this network has found evidence of the small-world phenomenon. Our study suggests that the US swine industry may be vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks because of the small-world structure of its movement network. Our system is easily adaptable to estimate movement networks for other sets of data, farm animal production systems, and geographic regions.
Functional Analysis of Conserved Transmembrane Charged Residues and a Yeast Specific Extracellular Loop of the Plasma Membrane Na+/H+ Antiporter of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Dutta Debajyoti , Ullah Asad , Bibi Sana , Fliegel Larry
Published: April 2019

The Na+/H+ exchanger of the plasma membrane of S. pombe (SpNHE1) removes excess intracellular sodium in exchange for an extracellular proton. We examined the functional role of acidic amino acids of a yeast specific periplasmic extracellular loop 6 (EL6) and of Glu74 and Arg77 of transmembrane segment 3. Glu74 and Arg77 are conserved in yeast species while Glu74 is conserved throughout various phyla. The mutation E74A caused a minor effect, while mutation R77A had a larger effect on the ability of SpNHE1 to confer salt tolerance. Mutation of both residues to Ala or Glu also eliminated the ability to confer salt tolerance. Arg341 and Arg342 were also necessary for SpNHE1 transport in S. pombe. Deletion of 3 out of 4 acidic residues (Asp389, Glu390, Glu392, Glu397) of EL6 did not greatly affect SpNHE1 function while deletion of all did. Replacement of EL6 with a segment from the plant Na+/H+ exchanger SOS1 also did not affect function. We suggest that EL6 forms part of a cation coordination sphere, attracting cations for transport but that the region is not highly specific for the location of acidic charges. Overall, we identified a number of polar amino acids important in SpNHE1 function.
Magnetic moment inversion at giant flux jump: dynamical property of critical state in type-II superconductors
Authors: Chabanenko Viktor , Nabiałek Adam , Puźniak Roman , Kuchuk Olena , Chumak Oleksandr , Pérez-Rodríguez Felipe , Pal Umapada , Garcia-Vazquez Valentin , Cortés-Maldonado Raul , Qian Jun , Yao Xin , Szymczak Henryk
Published: April 2019

Experimental evidence of tremendous magnetic moment dynamical inversion, from metastable trapping state to the state with essentially the same moment oriented in the opposite direction, appearing during giant flux jump connected to thermomagnetic avalanche process in superconducting YBa2Cu3O7−δ single crystal, is presented. Magnetization inversion takes place in the system, without thermal contact between sample and sample holder, with a tremendous stored energy once the avalanche process is completed in quasi-adiabatic conditions. A model of magnetic moment inversion, caused by the jump between two metastable states of superconductor with the same energy storage, is presented and discussed in terms of the critical state with peculiar evolution of the critical-current spatial distribution. Importantly, knowledge of conditions of the appearance of such a phenomenon is crucial for applications of bulk superconductors as “permanent” magnets, for example, in superconducting levitation devices, etc.
Quantitative dynamics of reversible platelet aggregation: mathematical modelling and experiments
Authors: Filkova Aleksandra A. , Martyanov Alexey A. , Garzon Dasgupta Andrei K. , Panteleev Mikhail A. , Sveshnikova Anastasia N.
Published: April 2019

Although reversible platelet aggregation observed in response to ADP stimulation in the presence of calcium is a well-known phenomenon, its mechanisms are not entirely clear. To study them, we developed a simple kinetic mass-action-law-based mathematical model to use it in combination with experiments. Light transmission platelet aggregometry (LTA) induced by ADP was performed for platelet-rich plasma or washed platelets using both conventional light transmission and aggregate size monitoring method based on optical density fluctuations. Parameter values of the model were determined by means of parameter estimation techniques implemented in COPASI software. The mathematical model was able to describe reversible platelet aggregation LTA curves without assuming changes in platelet aggregation parameters over time, but with the assumption that platelet can enter the aggregate only once. In the model, the mean size of platelet aggregates correlated with the solution transparency. This corresponded with flow cytometry analysis and with optical density fluctuations data on aggregate size. The predicted values of model parameters correlated with ADP concentration used in experiments. These data suggest that, at the start of the aggregation, when platelet integrins switch “on”, large unstable platelet aggregates are rapidly formed, which leads to an increase in light transmission. However, upon fragmentation of these aggregates, the probability of the post-aggregate platelets’ attachment to each other decreases preventing new aggregation and resulting in the reversible aggregation phenomenon.
Loss of PKM2 in Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells promotes colitis-associated colorectal cancer
Authors: Kim Yeji , Lee Yong-Soo , Kang Sung Wan , Kim Seungil , Kim Tae-Young , Lee Su-Hyun , Hwang Sung Wook , Kim Jihun , Kim Eun Na , Ju Jin-Sung , Park Yun-Yong , Kweon Mi-Na
Published: April 2019

The regulatory properties of pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (PKM2), the key glycolytic enzyme, influence altered energy metabolism including glycolysis in cancer. In this study, we found that PKM2 was highly expressed in patients with ulcerative colitis or colorectal cancer (CRC). We then investigated the effectiveness of conditionally ablating PKM2 in Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells (ISC) using a mouse model of colitis-associated CRC (AOM plus DSS). Tamoxifen-inducible Lgr5-driven deletion of PKM2 in ISC (PKM2ΔLgr5-Tx) significantly promoted tumor incidence and size in the colon and lower body weight compared with findings in vehicle-treated mice (PKM2ΔLgr5-Veh). Histopathologic analysis revealed considerable high-grade dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in the colon of PKM2ΔLgr5-Tx mice while PKM2ΔLgr5-Veh mice had low- and high-grade dysplasia. Loss of PKM2 was associated with dominant expression of PKM1 in Lgr5+ ISC and their progeny cells. Further, the organoid-forming efficiency of whole cancer cells or Lgr5+ cells obtained from colon polyps of PKM2ΔLgr5-Tx mice was significantly increased when compared with PKM2ΔLgr5-Veh mice. Cancer organoids from PKM2ΔLgr5-Tx mice exhibited increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption and a shift of metabolites involved in energy metabolism. These findings suggest that loss of PKM2 function in ISC promotes colitis-associated CRC.
Phenazine-1-carboxamide functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles as antimicrobial coatings on silicone urethral catheters
Authors: Kanugala Sirisha , Jinka Sudhakar , Puvvada Nagaprasad , Banerjee Rajkumar , Kumar C. Ganesh
Published: April 2019

Microbial infections due to biofilms on medical implants can be prevented by antimicrobial coatings on biomaterial surfaces. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) were synthesized via base-catalyzed sol-gel process at room temperature, functionalized with phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) and characterized by UV-visible, FT-IR, DLS, XRD spectroscopic techniques, SEM, TEM, TGA and BET analysis. Native MSNPs, PCN and PCN-MSNPs were evaluated for anti-Candida minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), Candida albicans (C. albicans) biofilms and C. albicans-Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) polymicrobial biofilm inhibition. PCN-MSNPs were four-fold effective (MIC 3.9 µg mL−1; 17.47 µM) and MFC (7.8 µg mL−1; 34.94 µM) as compared to pure PCN (MIC 15.6 µg mL−1; 69.88 µM) and MFC (31.2 µg mL−1; 139.76 µM). PCN-MSNPs inhibited in vitro C. albicans MTCC 227-S. aureus MTCC 96 biofilms at very low concentration (10 µg mL−1; 44.79 µM) as compared to pure PCN (40 µg mL−1; 179.18 µM). Mechanistic studies revealed that PCN induced intracellular ROS accumulation in C. albicans MTCC 227, S. aureus MTCC 96 and S. aureus MLS-16 MTCC 2940, reduction in total ergosterol content, membrane permeability, disruption of ionic homeostasis followed by Na+, K+ and Ca2+ leakage leading to cell death in C. albicans MTCC 227 as confirmed by confocal laser scanning micrographs. The silicone urethral catheters coated with PCN-MSNPs (500 µg mL−1; 2.23 mM) exhibited no formation of C. albicans MTCC 227 - S. aureus MTCC 96 and C. albicans MTCC 227 - S. aureus MLS -16 MTCC 2940 biofilms. This is the first report on PCN-MSNPs for use as antimicrobial coatings against microbial adhesion and biofilm formation on silicone urethral catheters.
Galectin-3 and β-trace protein concentrations are higher in clinically unaffected patients with Fabry disease
Authors: Hernández-Romero Diana , Sánchez-Quiñones Jessica , Vílchez Juan Antonio , Rivera-Caravaca José Miguel , de la Morena Gonzalo , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Climent Vicente , Marín Francisco
Published: April 2019

Current therapies have not shown benefit in organ damage reversal in Fabry disease (FD), but biomarkers could help risk stratification and prognosis. We investigated if several biomarkers of cardiac fibrosis, cardiac wall stress, myocardial injury, renal function and inflammation, are associated with early cardiac affectation in FD patients. We included FD patients from four cardiology outpatient clinics of southeastern Spain. At inclusion, Galectin-3 (Gal-3), N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide, high sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT), β-trace protein (BTP) and interleukin-6 concentrations were measured. The relation of biomarkers concentrations with clinical features, cardiac involvement and organ affectation according to the Mainz Severity Score Index (MSSI) was investigated. 44 FD patients (n = 21 affected and n = 23 unaffected) were compared to age and sex-respectively matched healthy controls. Significant differences in biomarkers’ concentration between FD groups were observed. Importantly, Gal-3 and BTP levels were higher in unaffected patients when compared with age and sex-matched healthy controls (both p < 0.05). All the biomarkers correlated with clinical features. When cut-off values for clinical affectation (measured as MSSI ≥ 20) were established, only hsTnT (OR 30.69, 95% CI 2.70–348.42) and male sex (OR 8.17, 95% CI 1.16–57.75) were independently associated with cardiac damage by multivariate regression analysis. Gal-3 and BTP levels are increased in unaffected FD patients compared to healthy controls. This suggests that these biomarkers could be useful for the early detection of cardiac affectation in FD patients. On the other hand, hsTnT and male sex are independent risk factors for established clinical cardiac damage in FD.
Author Correction: Chemical fixation of carbon dioxide catalyzed via cobalt (III) ONO pincer ligated complexes
Authors: Ullah Habib , Mousavi Bibimaryam , Younus Hussein A. , Khattak Zafar A. K. , Chaemchuen Somboon , Suleman Suleman , Verpoort Francis
Published: April 2019

In the original version of this Article, the affiliation for Hussein A. Younus with “Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt” was omitted. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.
Adsorption of organic micropollutants to biosolids-derived biochar: estimation of thermodynamic parameters
Authors: Tong Yiran , Mayer Brooke K. , McNamara Patrick J.
Published: April 2019

This research quantified thermodynamic parameters to better understand the use of wastewater biosolids-derived biochar as an adsorbent to remove micropollutants.
Advances in plant materials, food by-products, and algae conversion into biofuels: use of environmentally friendly technologies
Authors: Kamani Mohammad Hassan , Eş Ismail , Lorenzo Jose M. , Remize Fabienne , Roselló-Soto Elena , Barba Francisco J. , Clark James , Mousavi Khaneghah Amin
Published: April 2019

Green technologies have emerged as useful tools for the generation of clean fuels with the potential to minimize the effect of human activity on the environment.
Layered double hydroxide nanoparticles embedded in a biopolymer: a novel platform for electroanalytical determination of diazepam
Authors: Amini Roghayeh , Asadpour-Zeynali Karim
Published: April 2019

A Co–Al layered double hydroxide/poly(tyrosine) modified glassy carbon electrode was prepared and used for electrocatalytic determination of diazepam in real samples.
Hybrid ZnO–graphene electrode with palladium nanoparticles on Ni foam and application to self-powered nonenzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Wu Wenyi , Miao Fengjuan , Tao Bairui , Zang Yu , Zhu Lei , Shi Cuiping , Chu Paul K.
Published: April 2019

A self-powered nonenzymatic glucose sensor electrode boasts the advantages of both a glucose sensor and fuel cell.
Designing play-based learning chemistry activities in the preschool environment
Authors: Adbo Karina , Vidal Carulla Clara
Published: April 2019

This study focuses on the design of play-based learning activities for chemistry in preschool. Viewing chemistry as a part of our past and present culture instead of as a subject, provides the backdrop for a more holistic approach to chemistry within this specific environment. A cultural-historical perspective, together with scaffolding, emergent science skills and sustained shared thinking, made up the framework for the design of the learning activities. Results show that when scaffolding and emergent science skills are used within the design, they provide good support for both the content and the teacher in the actual learning situation. Working with scaffolding was also beneficial for professional development. However, for a progressive and inclusive activity design, it is essential to take into account aspects of the immediate environment and methods for direct evaluation.
Hydroxy group-enabled highly regio- and stereo-selective hydrocarboxylation of alkynes
Authors: Huang Chaofan , Qian Hui , Zhang Wanli , Ma Shengming
Published: April 2019

Hydrogen bonding-enabled highly regio- and stereo-selective hydrocarboxylation of alkynes has been successfully developed to afford 3-hydroxy-2(E)-alkenoates with up to 97% yield.
Correction: Application of a novel electromembrane extraction and microextraction method followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine biogenic amines in canned fish
Authors: Kamankesh Marzieh , Mohammadi Abdorreza , Mollahosseini Afsaneh , Seidi Shahram
Published: April 2019

Correction for ‘Application of a novel electromembrane extraction and microextraction method followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine biogenic amines in canned fish’ by Marzieh Kamankesh et al., Anal. Methods, 2019, 11, 1898–1907.
Probing membrane enhanced protein–protein interactions in a minimal redox complex of cytochrome-P450 and P450-reductase
Authors: Mahajan Mukesh , Ravula Thirupathi , Prade Elke , Anantharamaiah G. M. , Ramamoorthy Ayyalusamy
Published: April 2019

Investigating the interplay in a minimal redox complex of cytochrome-P450 and its reductase is crucial for understanding cytochrome-P450's enzymatic activity.
Direct biocatalysed synthesis of first sulfur-, selenium- and tellurium- containing l-ascorbyl hybrid derivatives with radical trapping and GPx-like properties
Authors: Tanini Damiano , Lupori Beatrice , Malevolti Gianni , Ambrosi Moira , Nostro Pierandrea Lo , Capperucci Antonella
Published: April 2019

6-O-l-Ascorbyl selenoesters, thioesters and telluroesters can be efficiently and directly prepared from l-ascorbic acid and suitable functionalised chalcogenoesters through lipase-catalysed transesterification reactions.
Enhancing surface-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry performance by integrating plasmonic hot-electron transfer effect through surface modification
Authors: Li Yafeng , Luo Peiqi , Cao Xiaohua , Liu Huihui , Wang Jianing , Wang Jiyun , Zhan Lingpeng , Nie Zongxiu
Published: April 2019

Surface-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI MS) performances were enhanced by modifying surfaces to include a plasmonic hot-electron transfer effect.
Simultaneously enhancing the in vitro/in vivo performances of acetazolamide using proline as a zwitterionic coformer for cocrystallization
Authors: Song Yu , Wang Ling-Yang , Liu Fang , Li Yan-Tuan , Wu Zhi-Yong , Yan Cui-Wei
Published: April 2019

The synthesized first acetazolamide zwitterionic cocrystal highlights simultaneously-increasing solubility and permeability of acetazolamide, which successfully translate into enhanced bioavailability.
Photoisomerization of azobenzene-substituted alkanethiolates on Au(111) substrates in the context of work function variation: the effect of structure and packing density
Authors: Schuster Swen , Füser Matthias , Asyuda Andika , Cyganik Piotr , Terfort Andreas , Zharnikov Michael
Published: April 2019

Novel azobenzene-substituted self-assembled monolayers were used for stimuli-responsive work function variation, with control of the molecular dipole and sterical constraints.
Chemical bonding analysis of excited states using the adaptive natural density partitioning method
Authors: Tkachenko Nikolay V. , Boldyrev Alexander I.
Published: April 2019

A novel approach to chemical bond analysis for excited states has been developed.
Correction: Controlled synthesis of bifunctional particle-like Mo/Mn-NixSy/NF electrocatalyst for highly efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Gong Yaqiong , Yang Zhi , Lin Yu , Zhou Tao , Li Jinhui , Jiao Feixiang , Wang Wenfei
Published: April 2019

Correction for ‘Controlled synthesis of bifunctional particle-like Mo/Mn-NixSy/NF electrocatalyst for highly efficient overall water splitting’ by Yaqiong Gong et al., Dalton Trans., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00957d.
Selenium-rich maize modulates the expression of prostaglandin genes in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages
Authors: Dhanjal Noorpreet I. , Sharma Siddharth , Skalny Anatoly V. , Skalnaya Margarita G. , Ajsuvakova Olga P. , Tinkov Alexey A. , Zhang Feng , Guo Xiong , Prabhu K. Sandeep , Tejo Prakash N.
Published: April 2019

The ability of seleniferous maize grains (±rMETase treatment) in the modulation of AA pathway towards the suppression of the inflammatory response in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages was tested.
A fast and mild closed-loop recycling of anhydride-cured epoxy through microwave-assisted catalytic degradation by trifunctional amine and subsequent reuse without separation
Authors: Zhao Xu , Wang Xiong-Lei , Tian Fei , An Wen-Li , Xu Shimei , Wang Yu-Zhong
Published: April 2019

Efficient recycling of anhydride-cured epoxy resin via microwave-assisted degradation by trifunctional amine without any waste discharge.
Hydrogen bond-mediated strong adsorbent–I3−interactions enable high-efficiency radioiodine capture
Authors: Wang Juan , Li Zelun , Wang Ying , Wei Changting , Ai Kelong , Lu Lehui
Published: April 2019

This study proved experimentally and theoretically that the property of triiodide anion provides a novel perspective for the design of high-efficiency radioiodine adsorbents.
Comparative genomics and metagenomics of the metallomes
Authors: Zhang Yan , Ying Huimin , Xu Yinzhen
Published: April 2019

Biological trace metals are needed by all living organisms in very small quantities. They play important roles in a variety of key cellular processes, resulting in a varying degree of dependence on metals for different organisms. While most effort has been placed on identifying metal metabolic pathways and characterizing metalloproteins and their functions, computational and systematical analyses of the metallomes (or metalloproteomes) have been limited. In the past several years, comparative genomics of the metallomes has arisen, which provides significant insights into the metabolism and function of metals as well as their evolution. This review focuses on recent progress in comparative genomic analysis of trace metals (such as copper, molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, selenium, iron and zinc) in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. These studies reveal distinct and dynamic evolutionary patterns of the utilization of different metals and metalloproteins. We also discuss advances in comparative metagenomic analysis of metals in microbial communities in diverse environments such as the global marine ecosystem, which offer new clues to the relationship between metal utilization and different types of environmental factors. Overall, comparative genomic and metagenomic analyses of the metallomes provide a foundation for systematic understanding of metal utilization, function and related evolutionary trends in the three domains of life.
Phosphorus–nitrogen compounds. Part 42. The comparative syntheses of 2-cis-4-ansa(N/O) and spiro(N/O) cyclotetraphosphazene derivatives: spectroscopic and crystallographic characterization, antituberculosis and cytotoxic activity studies
Authors: Binici Arzu , Okumuş Aytuğ , Elmas Gamze , Kılıç Zeynel , Ramazanoğlu Nagehan , Açık Leyla , Şimşek Hülya , Çağdaş Tunalı Beste , Türk Mustafa , Güzel Remziye , Hökelek Tuncer
Published: April 2019

Syntheses, structural properties and biological activities of ferrocenyl ansa- and spiro-cyclotetraphosphazenes were investigated.
The highly efficient elimination of intracellular bacteria via a metal organic framework (MOF)-based three-in-one delivery system
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Lizhi , Huang Lunjie , Zhang Wentao , Wang Rong , Yue Tianli , Sun Jing , Li Guoliang , Wang Jianlong
Published: April 2019

Highly efficient elimination of intracellular bacteria via a hyaluronic acid-functionalized metal organic framework(MOF)/antibiotic system.
Enhanced CO2 reduction and valuable C2+ chemical production by a CdS-photosynthetic hybrid system
Authors: Wang Bo , Jiang Zhifeng , Yu Jimmy C. , Wang Jianfang , Wong Po Keung
Published: April 2019

Enhanced CO2 fixation and valuable C2+ chemical production was conducted by a photosynthetic bacterium with CdS nanoparticles coated on the surface.
Silver-mediated three-component cycloaddition reaction for direct synthesis of 1-N-vinyl-substituted 1,2,3-triazoles
Authors: Chen Jinpeng , Liang Taoyuan , Zhao He , Lin Chuyuan , Chen Lu , Zhang Min
Published: April 2019

Direct synthesis of 1-N-vinyl-1,2,3-triazoles via silver-mediated three-component cycloaddition reaction of phenylacetylenes, trimethylsilylazide, and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds is presented.
2-Methoxyphenyl isocyanate: a chemoselective multitasking reagent for an amine protection/deprotection sequence
Authors: Velappan Anand Babu , Kogatam Subhashini , Datta Dhrubajyoti , Srithar Rakshantha , Nanjappan Gunasekaran , Debnath Joy
Published: April 2019

Organic amines protected through urea bond mediated capping.
Selenocyanobenziodoxolone: a practical electrophilic selenocyanation reagent and its application for solid-state synthesis of α-carbonyl selenocyanates
Authors: Xiao Jun-An , Li Yu-Chun , Cheng Xiu-Liang , Chen Wen-Qiang , Cui Jian-Guo , Huang Yan-Min , Huang Jun , Xiao Qi , Su Wei , Yang Hua
Published: April 2019

A solvent- and oxidant-free solid state synthetic methodology for the synthesis of α-carbonyl selenocyanates is developed.
Exploring planar and nonplanar siligraphene: a first-principles study
Authors: Tang Xudong , Liu Wenchao , Luo Chaobo , Peng Xiangyang , Zhong Jianxin
Published: April 2019

New nonplanar g-SiC7 and g-Si7C have been found. g-Si5C, though buckled, is energetically very close to its planar counterpart.
Sensitive Raman detection of human recombinant interleukin-6 mediated by DCDR/GERS hybrid platforms
Authors: de la O-Cuevas Emmanuel , Badillo-Ramírez Isidro , Islas Selene R. , Araujo-Andrade C. , Saniger José M.
Published: April 2019

An analytical hybrid platform combining DCDR and GERS effects is presented. An absolute mass detection of 1 fg of IL-6 was reached.
Enhanced electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by a Pd-Co3O4/Ni foam electrode
Authors: Liu Qiuxiang , Shen Yanting , Song Shuang , He Zhiqiao
Published: April 2019

The Pd-Co3O4/Ni foam electrode enhanced the electrocatalytic dechlorination performance.
Working with mental models to learn and visualize a new reaction mechanism
Authors: Bongers Amanda , Northoff Georg , Flynn Alison B.
Published: April 2019

Creating and using models are essential skills in chemistry. Novices and experts alike rely on conceptual models to build their own personal mental models for predicting and explaining molecular processes. There is evidence that chemistry students lack rich mental models of the molecular level; their mental models of reaction mechanisms have often been described as static and not process-oriented. Our goal in this study was to characterize the various mental models students may have when learning a new reaction mechanism and to explore how they use them in different situations. We explored the characteristics of first year organic chemistry students’ (N = 7) mental models of epoxide-opening reaction mechanisms by qualitative analysis of transcripts and written answers following an audio-recorded interview discussion. We discovered that individual learners relied on a combination of both static (with a focus on symbolism and patterns) and dynamic (reactivity as process or as particles in motion) working mental models, and that different working mental models were used depending on the task. Static working mental models were typically used to reason generally about the reaction mechanism and products that the participants provided. Dynamic working mental models were commonly used when participants were prompted to describe how they pictured the reaction happening, and in attempting to describe the structure of a transition state. Implications for research, teaching, and learning from these findings are described herein.
Reduced graphene oxide modified CuBi2O4 as an efficient and noble metal free photocathode for superior photoelectrochemical hydrogen production
Authors: Shah Adit Kumar , Sahu Tushar Kanta , Banik Avishek , Gogoi Devipriya , Peela Nageswara Rao , Qureshi Mohammad
Published: April 2019

Favourable charge recombination kinetics are achieved to enhance solar hydrogen production utilizing reduced graphene oxide coated onto noble metal free CuBi2O4.
Phase diagram for two-dimensional layer of soft particles
Authors: Zhu Xilan , Truskett Thomas M. , Bonnecaze Roger T.
Published: April 2019

The phase diagram of a monolayer of soft particles described by the Daoud–Cotton model for star polymers is presented.
Liquid crystalline lithium-ion electrolytes derived from biodegradable cyclodextrin
Authors: Champagne Pier-Luc , Ester David , Bhattacharya Amit , Hofstetter Kyle , Zellman Carson , Bag Sourav , Yu Haoyang , Trudel Simon , Michaelis Vladimir K. , Williams Vance E. , Thangadurai Venkataraman , Ling Chang-Chun
Published: April 2019

A cyano-tetraethylene glycol functionalized amphiphilic cyclodextrin forms liquid crystalline self-assembly that shows promising ion conductivity (Li+).
Enhancing the optical detection of mutants from healthy DNA with diamondoids
Authors: Sarap Chandra Shekar , Partovi-Azar Pouya , Fyta Maria
Published: April 2019

A polarized laser pulse can distinguish between healthy and mutated DNA nucleotides hydrogen bonded to small diamond cages.
On a blue emitting phosphor Na3RbMg7(PO4)6:Eu2+ showing ultra high thermal stability
Authors: Böhnisch David , Rosenboom Juri , García-Fuente Amador , Urland Werner , Jüstel Thomas , Baur Florian
Published: April 2019

A new blue emitting Eu2+ phosphor with ultra high thermal stability for high CRI near-UV LEDs.
All-printed multilayer materials with improved magnetoelectric response
Authors: Lima A. C. , Pereira N. , Policia R. , Ribeiro C. , Correia V. , Lanceros-Mendez S. , Martins P.
Published: April 2019

For the first time is reported the development of a screen printed flexible magnetoelectric material based on P(VDF–TrFE), PVDF and CoFe2O4. The ME voltage coefficient of 164 mV cm−1Oe−1at a longitudinal resonance frequency of 16.2 kHz, the highest reported in the literature, certifies the use of the printed material on printed electronics, sensors, actuators, and energy harvesters.
Physical binding of the tobacco smoke carcinogen NNK diazonium ion to the human tumor suppressor gene TP53 Exon 5
Authors: Deligkaris Christos , Millam Evan
Published: April 2019

We identify physical binding sites found via free energy minimization in computational docking simulations. These structures represent local potential energy minima in this system and suggest plausible sites for adduct formation.
Narratives About Autism: An Analysis of YouTube Videos by Individuals Who Self-Identify as Autistic
Authors: Angulo-Jiménez Henry , DeThorne Laura
Published: April 2019

Purpose

The goal of this study was to expand the field's understanding of autism through the analysis of 1st-person perspectives from autistic video webloggers (vloggers).

Method

This study analyzed the representation of autism in 39 YouTube videos authored by self-identified autistic individuals and published between 2007 and 2015. Consistent with the cross-disciplinary tradition of narrative inquiry, thematic analyses of the video transcripts were conducted.

Findings

Vloggers were predominantly, but not exclusively, White male adults who spoke mainstream American English and self-identified as experiencing Asperger's syndrome. Key findings included (a) the predominance of a narrative about autism that incorporated features of both the medical model of disability and the neurodiversity paradigm to varying degrees, (b) a trend toward more medical model features across most content areas, and (c) a relatively high prevalence of neurodiversity paradigm features related specifically to language use and the description of autistic traits.

Conclusions

Implications include the need for clinicians to (a) familiarize themselves with the varying views of autism held within the autistic community, (b) reflect on the language used to talk about autism and listen to how clients and/or their caregivers talk about it, and (c) consider the exploration of potential positive dimensions of autistic traits.
Parameter estimation of Markov‐switching Hammerstein systems using the variational Bayesian approach
Authors: Ma Junxia , Huang Biao , Ding Feng
Published: April 2019

Parameter estimation of Markov‐switching Hammerstein systems is presented in this study. The random switching mode is described by a hidden Markov model. An input non‐linear controlled autoregressive Hammerstein model is applied to describe the dynamic process of each local model. By applying the decomposition technique to the non‐linear mapping of the input signal, each local model is written as a linear‐in‐parameter form. The variational Bayesian approach is applied to identify the switched Markov Hammerstein models. Both the discrete‐valued switching mode state and the unknown parameters in each local model are estimated. Moreover, instead of the point estimation, posterior distributions of unknown parameters for each local model are obtained. Numerical simulation examples and a hybrid tank experiment are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Synchronisation of a distributed control and data acquisition system for modular multi‐level PHIL amplifiers
Authors: Sands Kenneth D. , Broadmeadow Mark A. H. , Walker Geoffrey R.
Published: April 2019

This research presents a novel technique to synchronise a modular control and data acquisition system for the testing of multi‐level power hardware‐in‐the‐loop (PHIL) amplifiers. The methodology is inspired by the precision timing protocol, used to compensate for communications latency between distributed control nodes. It uses a non‐conventional digital pulse‐width modulation (PWM) technique, phase accumulator carrier pulse‐width modulation to achieve carrier synchronisation across the system. A prototype design has been demonstrated on a three‐node test bench, showing single clock cycle (10 ns) precision when synchronising a 25 kHz PWM carrier wave, with minimal sensitivity to communications link propagation delays.
Influence of parametric uncertainties and their interactions on small‐signal stability: A case example of parallel‐connected active loads in a DC microgrid
Authors: Nesterov Nickolay , Odavic Milijana
Published: April 2019

Classical stability analysis techniques based on nominal models do not consider the uncertainty of system parameters, their interactions, and nonlinearity, which are important characteristics of practical highly coupled microgrids. In this work, variance‐based sensitivity analysis is used to identify parameter combinations that have a significant impact on the small‐signal stability of a microgrid featuring two parallel active loads. The analysis indicates that the effectiveness of source‐side damping is reduced when resonant frequencies of load input filters become matched. Further results using derivative‐based sensitivity analysis reveal that source‐side resistance can exhibit drastically different effects on the stability if load input filter resonant frequencies are matched with respect to the case when they are well separated. These behaviours are verified using time‐domain switching models.
Novel partitioned stator hybrid excited machines with magnets on slot openings
Authors: Hua Hao , Zhu Z.Q.
Published: April 2019

In this study, a novel partitioned stator hybrid excited machine is proposed, in which the excitation sources including both permanent magnets (PMs) and field windings are allocated on the secondary stator that is separated from the original stator having armature windings. As a result, the available space is boosted to improve the torque density and flux regulation capability. Meanwhile, the rotor is simple without coil or PM. The PMs on the stator is placed on the slot openings between the two neighbour tooth tips, with which the uncontrolled voltage of the proposed machine is limited and it is favoured for safety‐critical applications. The machine topology and operating principle are introduced in detail, and the basic electromagnetic performance is evaluated based on finite element method to validate the analysis.
Electrical machines for harsh environments
Authors: EL‐Refaie Ayman M.
Published: April 2019

There have been several megatrends over the past several years that have been driving research activities in the area of electrical machines and drives. These include transportation electrification (land vehicles, aerospace, ships, locomotives), expanded role of renewables (wind, solar, wave…etc.), and smart grid among others. One of those megatrends that continues to become more critical is electrical machines for harsh environments. In many applications, production has been moved to remote locations and harsh environments. These include subsea oil exploration, sour/acid gas compression, downhole and geothermal pumps, underground mining, and aerospace applications. This paper will provide an overview of electrical machine for harsh environments as well as the key technology development and research trends.