bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC): impacto en pequeñas y medianas empresas españolas
Authors: Chavarría Ortiz Carlos , Ganga Contreras Francisco A. , García Parejo Antonia
Published: January 2021

Los estudios teóricos y empíricos sobre la Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) recogidos en la literatura apuntan principalmente a las grandes empresas, lo que genera una “brecha de conocimiento” acerca de la existencia del tópico y sus efectos en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (pymes). Considerando esta realidad, esta investigación tiene como propósito central explorar la correspondencia entre la RSC y su impacto en algunos indicadores clave de resultados de las pymes de España, con la finalidad de entregar información relevante a los tomadores de decisiones de estas entidades, supliendo la ausencia de indagaciones en este campo. Para ello, se utiliza una muestra de 242 pymes españolas, seleccionadas aleatoriamente de la base de datos SABI 2015 (Sistema de Análisis de Balances Ibéricos). Se analiza el nivel de relación entre la RSC y posibles resultados o consecuencias, no testadas aun empíricamente: el crecimiento de la cuota de mercado, el rendimiento financiero y la inversión para el crecimiento en pymes. En general, la investigación pudo constatar la existencia de una relación positiva entre la variable independiente y las variables dependientes, lo que conlleva a concluir que a mayor esfuerzo en RSC de las pymes se genera mayor beneficio, mejorando el rendimiento financiero e incrementando las inversiones para el crecimiento.
Riesgos financieros en pequeñas y medianas empresas
Authors: Estrada Uvenny Quirama , Sepúlveda-Aguirre Jovany , Aguirre Ríos Albeiro , Garcés Giraldo Luis Fernando
Published: January 2021

Las pequeñas y medianas empresas constituyen una participación preponderante en la actividad económica en el mundo; el porcentaje de empleos que cobijan las PYMES es de un aproximado del 70% según fuentes como el Banco mundial y la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL); sin embargo, algunos de los principales problemas de las organizaciones con la característica de PYMES, se encuentran, por lo general, en su alta inestabilidad financiera y la liquidación o quiebra económica temprana, debido especialmente, a los riesgos financieros asociados a su actividad económica. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad, la identificación y el análisis de los riesgos financieros asociados a las PYMES, a partir de una investigación tipo descriptiva en la cual se abordó lo tratado por diferentes referentes bibliográficos para la posterior presentación de propuestas, que permitan la reducción y/o mitigación de los riesgos destacados. Como resultados, se evidencian diferentes elementos que representan complicaciones para las PYMES en lo relacionado con los riesgos financieros. Se concluye que el gestionar los riesgos financieros asociados a las PYMES, anticipándose a ellos, permite aunar esfuerzos para la satisfacción y el cumplimiento del crecimiento y la sostenibilidad de la organización.
Tendencias gerenciales en las organizaciones: una mirada teórica
Authors: Pozo Curo Carlos , Ruiz Nizama José Leonor , Vigo Ayasta Elsa Regina , Flores Ccanto Florencio
Published: January 2021

El propósito del presente estudio estuvo centrado en develar las tendencias gerenciales en las organizaciones enfocándose en la gerencia, sus competencias y efectividad gerencial. La investigación corresponde a una revisión teórica documental y/o bibliográfica. Las revelaciones indicaron que la gerencia debe llevar a cabo un plan estratégico, mediante la organización y el nombramiento de personal, creando una estructura que impulse al personal a alcanzar los objetivos, resolviendo problemas, y confrontando los resultados persistentes en la empresa. Como reflexión final, se hace importante que todo el personal labore con eficiencia, y esto depende, en parte, de la capacidad de quienes ejercen funciones gerenciales, considerándose los avances científicos y tecnológicos sobre las nuevas tendencias de la gerencia; así como el desarrollo de los conocimientos, para que se realice una efectiva aplicación del hacer cotidiano y gestión de recursos requeridos, además, que se hace necesaria que dicha organización se esfuerce por dar respuestas a las exigencias de la globalización, a los cambios y la valoración del capital humano, como esencia de la misma, manteniendo a la vez, sus estándares de competencia y calidad.
Editorial
Authors: Arias Francisco
Published: January 2021

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Embolismo pulmonar agudo en pacientes con neumonía por SARS-COV2. Serie de Casos. [Acute Pulmonary Embolism in patients with SARS-COV2 pneumonia. Cases report]
Authors: Villarreal Olmedo , Pinilla Lizeth , Trejos Sabrina
Published: January 2021

El síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) descrito en Wuhan, China a finales del 2019, ha causado más de 9 millones de infecciones en el mundo, y más de 480 mil muertes. En Panamá se han reportado más de 28 mil casos, y más de 500 muertes por COVID-19. Se ha observado un alto riesgo de complicaciones trombóticas, probablemente como consecuencia del daño vascular asociado con la infección viral y la inflamación severa, con la contribución patógena de las plaquetas que interactúan con la pared vascular y los leucocitos. Describimos 3 casos de pacientes hospitalizados en un hospital general en la provincia de Panamá, República de Panamá. Dos hombres y una mujer, edad promedio 40.6 años, estadía hospitalaria promedio de 35.3 días; ingresados con diagnóstico de neumonía por SARS-COV-2, niveles elevados de dimero D (> 5 ug/mL), riesgo bajo calculado para embolia pulmonar. Encontrando embolia pulmonar aguda en las ANGIO tomografía y en un caso acompañado de trombosis venosa profunda. Todos recibían dosis profiláctica de heparina de bajo peso molecular. Se necesitan algoritmos para identificar a aquellos susceptibles de desarrollar complicaciones trombóticas y enfermedades graves, determinar el papel de los biomarcadores y sistemas de puntuación para estratificar el riesgo.

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) described in Wuhan, China in late 2019, has caused more than 9 million infections worldwide, and more than 480 thousand deaths. In Panama, more than 28 thousand cases have been reported, and more than 500 deaths from COVID-19. A high risk of thrombotic complications has been observed, probably as a consequence of vascular damage associated with viral infection and severe inflammation, with the pathogenic contribution of platelets that interact with the vascular wall and leukocytes. We describe 3 cases of patients hospitalized in a general hospital in the province of Panama, Republic of Panama. Two men and one woman, average age 40.6 years, average hospital stay of 35.3 days; admitted with a diagnosis of SARS-VOC-2 pneumonia, elevated levels of dimer D (> 5 ug / mL), calculated low risk for pulmonary embolism. Finding acute pulmonary embolism on ANGIO tomography and in one case accompanied by deep vein thrombosis. All received prophylactic doses of low molecular weight heparin. Algorithms are needed to identify those susceptible to developing thrombotic complications and serious diseases, determine the role of biomarkers and scoring systems to stratify risk.
*Siringomielia asociada a Malformación de Chiari I. Reporte de caso. [Syringomyelia associated with Chiari I Malformation. Case report.]
Authors: Wilson Giraldo Flor , Lezcano Hector , Barrios Leonardo
Published: January 2021

Introducción: Las Malformaciones de Chiari (M.C.) son alteraciones estructurales a nivel del cerebelo de etiología en estudio. Muy raras, afectan al 0,5% de la población. Más de la mitad de los pacientes cursan con siringomielia. Caso clínico: Femenina de 47 años con antecedente de M.C. Tipo I, acude con cuadro de dos semanas de evolución de cefalea holocraneana de intensidad 8/10, asociado a mareo e inestabilidad a la marcha. Hallazgos positivos de alteración en los pares craneales III, VIII, IX; hipertonía, signo de Babinski y Hoffman positivos bilaterales; ataxia truncal; nistagmus a la derecha; fuerza muscular disminuida en miembros superiores e hiperreflexia. Discusión: Ante la sospecha clínica, y las múltiples alteraciones a nivel del cerebelo y bulbo, se procede a realizar estudios de imagen y se confirma el diagnóstico de siringomielia.

Abstract:

Introduction: Chiari malformations (C.M.) are structural alterations in cerebellum. They are of unknown etiology, at present in study. They are very rare and affect 0,5 % of the population. More than half of the patients have syringomyelia. Clinical case: A 47-year-old female with medical record of C.M. Type I, presents with a two-week evolution holocranial headache, 8/10 in intensity, associated with dizziness and gait instability. Positive findings of alteration in cranial nerves III, VIII, IX; hypertonia, Babinski and Hoffman bilateral sign; truncal ataxia; nystagmus on the right; decreased muscle strength in the upper limbs and hyperreflexia. Discussion: Due to clinical suspicion and multiple alterations in cerebellum and bulb, imaging studies are performed and the diagnosis of syringomyelia is confirmed.
Revisión de sepsis obstétrica [Obstetrics sepsis review article]
Authors: Yard Foster Yamilka Yoani , Correoso Guevara Jose Daniel , Nuñez Ortega Jenia Melissa
Published: January 2021

La sepsis es una de las principales causas de mortalidad y morbilidad materna a nivel mundial, con una incidencia de 240-300 casos por cada 100 000 habitantes. La clave en el manejo de esta patología está en la identificación temprana de los signos y síntomas sugestivos de sepsis. Este concepto ha variado de manera significativa durante la última década con la creación de nuevas herramientas, que han permitido la captación oportuna de una mayor proporción de pacientes, además de estrategias terapéuticas con lo que se ha logrado mejorar el resultado de los pacientes; sin embargo, hasta el momento no hay una prueba diagnóstica específica. A pesar de todos los avances ocurridos en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la sepsis en el paciente adulto, no existe un concepto definido para “Sepsis obstétrica” o Sepsis en el embarazo, dado que las pacientes en estado de gravidez representan un grupo poblacional con consideraciones específicas propias del embarazo, que se deben tomar en cuenta para realizar un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno.

 

ABSTRACT

Sepsis is one of the main causes of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide, representing 8.3% of maternal deaths in Latin America. The key in the management of this pathology is in the early identification of the signs and symptoms suggestive of sepsis. This concept has changed significantly in the last decade with the creation of new tools, which have allowed the timely recruitment of a greater proportion of patients, in addition to therapeutic strategies, thereby improving patient outcomes; however until the moment there is no specific diagnostic test. Despite all the advances that have occurred in the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis in the adult patient, there is no defined concept for “Obstetric Sepsis” or Sepsis in pregnancy, since pregnant patients represent a population group with diagnosis specific to pregnancy, which must be taken into account to make a proper diagnosis and treatment.
Primer reporte de envenenamiento accidental por Ananteris platnicki Lourenco, 1993 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) en Panamá.
Authors: Murgas Centeno Ingrid Lorena , Bermúdez Sergio , Miranda Roberto
Published: January 2021

Resumen:

El género Ananteris Thorell, 1891 contiene gran variedad de especies de escorpiones Neotropicales de la familia Buthidae. En Panamá, este género está representado por dos especies. Se describe un reporte de caso de picadura de Ananteris platnicki Lourenço, 1993 en Panamá. Este constituye el primer reporte de envenenamiento por el género Ananteris para la región. Panamá presenta una alta incidencia de escorpionismo ubicándose como una de las más altas en América Latina.

Abstract:

The genus Ananteris Thorell, 1891 contains a great variety of species of Neotropical scorpions of the Buthidae family.  In Panama, this genus is represented by two species.  A case report of a sting of Ananteris platnicki Lourenço, 1993 in Panama described.  This is the first report of poisoning by the genus Ananteris for the region.  Panama has a high incidence of scorpionism, ranking as one of the highest in Latin America.
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Primer reporte de envenenamiento accidental por Ananteris platnicki Lourenco, 1993 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) en Panamá. [First report of accidental envenomation by Ananteris platnicki Lourenco, 1993 (Scorpiones: Buthidae) in Panama]
Authors: Murgas Ingrid , Bermúdez Sergio , Miranda Roberto
Published: January 2021

El género Ananteris Thorell, 1891 contiene gran variedad de especies de escorpiones Neotropicales de la familia Buthidae. En Panamá, este género está representado por dos especies. Se describe un reporte de caso de picadura de Uno de los estudios observacionales más grandes Lourenço, 1993 en Panamá. Este constituye el primer reporte de envenenamiento por el género Ananteris para la región. Panamá presenta una alta incidencia de escorpionismo ubicándose como una de las más altas en América Latina.

ABSTRACT

The genus Ananteris Thorell, 1891 contains a great variety of species of Neotropical scorpions of the Buthidae family. In Panama, this genus is represented by two species. A case report of a sting of Ananteris platnicki Lourenço, 1993 in Panama described. This is the first report of poisoning by the genus Ananteris for the region. Panama has a high incidence of scorpionism, ranking as one of the highest in Latin America.
In-vitro antisickling and sickling-reversal activities of Carica papaya fruit at different stages of ripening
Authors: Adetayo Adekunle , Adetayo Modupe , Shokunbi Oluwatosin , Oyelese Adesola
Published: January 2021

Objective: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a haemoglobinopathy that causes several clinical complications. Unripe Carica papaya has been shown to possess antisickling activity that could reduce these complications. This study aimed to examine the presence of antisickling and sickling-reversal activities of aqueous extracts and ethyl acetate fractions of C. papaya fruit at different stages of ripening.
Methods: Unripe, partly ripe, and fully ripe fruits were quantitatively screened for some phytochemicals using standard methods. Blood samples from sickle cell patients were used to investigate antisickling and sickling reversal activities of aqueous extracts and ethyl acetate fractions of the fruits. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA. The p-value was set at 0.05.
Results: Phytochemicals such as alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and polyphenols were found in varying concentrations in C. papaya fruit at the different stages of ripening. All extracts and fractions showed antisickling and sickling-reversal activities with the ethyl acetate fraction of partly ripe C. papaya being most effective. 
Conclusion: The study showed that C. papaya fruit at different stages of ripening contains antisickling and sickling-reversal activities which may help reduce the associated complications of SCD when consumed by affected individuals.
Management of calcaneal fractures: a case series
Authors: Onuoha Kelechukwu , Ajaero Goodness , Orji Mathias , Salami Omotayo , Omotola Omobowale
Published: January 2021

Background: Untreated or inappropriately treated, calcaneal fractures can result in arthritis, chronic ankle pain, and ankle deformity which can significantly impact the lifestyle of affected patients. Even though calcaneal fractures are common among those with multiple injuries, they can easily be missed, and not treating them would significantly impact on the patient negatively. 
Case Presentation: This article is a retrospective recall of the six patients seen with calcaneal fractures that were treated in our hospital between 2010 and 2018, they were mainly multiply injured and the advanced trauma life support (ATLS) protocol helped to delineate these fractures, the use of modern-day operative and non-operative methods of management and rehabilitation were employed.
Discussion and conclusion: Calcaneal fractures are mostly associated with high-energy trauma which includes falls from heights or vehicle accidents with almost 50% soft tissue involvement. This is similar to cases presented in this paper as all the patients were either involved in road traffic accidents or had fallen from a height, however, soft tissue destruction manifesting as open fractures were absent in our series. Calcaneal fractures are rare and can easily be missed as patients may present as multiply injured. Prompt and adequate Rehabilitation is important to improve function.
Perception and Healthcare seeking practices regarding dysmenorrhea among public secondary school students in Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Oluwole Esther O. , Agha Oghenekaro O. , Ogunyemi Adedoyin , Bakare Omowumi  Q.
Published: January 2021

Objectives: Dysmenorrhea is an important health problem which may have a negative impact on female health, school activities and psychological status. This study assessed the prevalence, knowledge, perception and healthcare seeking practices of dysmenorrhea among secondary school students in Lagos State, Nigeria. The pattern of management of dysmenorrhea among respondents was also assessed.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 420 adolescents in public secondary schools in Ikeja Local government area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Respondents were interviewed using a structured pretested questionnaire. Data was analyzed with SPSS Version 22.0. The level of statistical significance was set at p≤0.05.
Results: Mean ± SD age at menarche was 12.3±1.3 years. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea among respondents was 75.2%. About one-quarter 106(25.2%) had good knowledge and 209(49.8%) had good perception of dysmenorrhea. Only 10% had ever sought health care for dysmenorrhea. A statistically significant association was found between the knowledge of respondents and healthcare-seeking behavior towards dysmenorrhea (p = 0.004).
Conclusion: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was high and majority of respondents had poor knowledge. Improving adolescents’ knowledge of dysmenorrhea through health education could positively influence their health care-seeking behavior.
Is Pulmonary Thromboembolism uncommon in Nigeria? A case series in a private tertiary hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria.
Authors: Ogunkoya John , Oluwole Afolashade , Daniel Ezuduemoih , Ehioghae Osaze , Ajiboye Oyebimpe
Published: January 2021

Background: Pulmonary thromboembolism is total or partial obstruction of one or more divisions of pulmonary arterial vasculature. It is a common disease presentation that is well studied and documented in the United States of America and Western Europe. It is often the result of part of a thrombotic lesion in deep veins (Deep Vein Thrombosis) elsewhere in the body most commonly the lower limbs and the pelvic region. There are few documented cases in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa as a result of poorly equipped hospitals and poorly trained health care personnel.
Case presentation: Twenty-Nine (29) cases were seen in a Private Tertiary institution in Ogun State, Nigeria. Computerized Tomography with Pulmonary Angiography had helped to confirm these cases, with prompt intervention thereby reducing morbidity and mortality significantly. Only 3(three) mortality was recorded out of 29 cases seen between July 2016 and June 2020.
Discussion and conclusion: Pulmonary thromboembolism is not uncommon in Nigerians and black Africans as available data previously suggested. All hands must be on deck to identify potential cases and investigate at-risk individuals who have clinical symptoms that are often misdiagnosed as other disease entities.
Evaluation of Yield and its Components in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes
Authors: Kumar Raj , Bozdar Hadi Bux , Jamali Karim Dino , Sial Mehboob Ali
Published: January 2021

Bread wheat is an important food crop of world and Pakistan. An experiment was conducted in winter wheat growing season to assess yield and yield related traits of newly evolved wheat genotypes. The 16 wheat genotypes includes 14 advanced lines viz., CIM-04-5, CIM-04-21, CIM-04-3, C7-98-11, 5-02, V2-10-12, CIM-03-2, C2-98- 6, 6-12, V3-10-9, C6-98-5, V3-10-32, C2-98-8, V2-10-21 and 2 local checks NIA Sunhari and Kiran 95 were tested. Experimental design was laid out in RCBD with 3 replicates. Mean square for genotypes showed high significantly differences for most of agro-morphological characters. Mean and range of all wheat genotypes for all the traits indicated a considerable variability between genotypes. Mean performance for the trait grain yield showed that newly developed genotypes C2-98-8, CIM-04-21, V3-10-32 and CIM-04-3 produced higher grain yield (3 to 3.25 kg plot-1) than both the contesting check varieties. High significantly and positively correlation of the plot yield to thousand grain weight (0.41**), biomass (0.41**) and harvest index (0.86***) with grain yield were found. It indicated that by improving these three traits, we can significantly improve grain yield. Selected genotypes and traits can be used in breeding program for wheat improvement.
Cybergossip, cyberaggression, problematic Internet use and family communication
Authors: Romera Eva M. , Camacho Antonio , Ortega-Ruiz Rosario , Falla Daniel
Published: December 2020

Research into risky online behaviour among children and adolescents is on the rise, with more studies being conducted into the factors which can influence this phenomenon, above all in relation to school and family life. In the latter sphere, one relevant factor is the degree of genuine trust children have in their parents when using the Internet. The main objective of this study is to verify the effects of child disclosure about cyberaggression, in addition to the mediating role of problematic Internet use and cybergossip, and the moderating role of gender and age. A total of 866 primary school children (53% girls) between 10 and 13 years old (M=11.21; SD=0.90) were surveyed using self-reporting. The data processing followed a moderated serial mediation model using “Process”. The results revealed the effects of child disclosure about cyberaggression and the mediation of problematic Internet use and cybergossip. Unlike gender, age moderated the effects of the mediation model. The results highlight the need to foster a climate of trust and communication in the family environment to reduce involvement in risky online behaviour, in which children feel understood and supported by their parents, which in turn encourages open communication about Internet use.

La investigación sobre ciberconductas de riesgo infantil y juvenil se abre paso con estudios sobre factores que puedan influir en estos fenómenos, entre los que se destacan los relacionados con la convivencia escolar y familiar. En esta última, es relevante el nivel de confianza espontánea del hijo hacia su progenitor en el uso Internet. El objetivo de este trabajo es comprobar el efecto de la revelación filial en la ciberagresión, así como el rol mediador del uso problemático de Internet y el cibercotilleo, y el rol moderador del sexo y la edad. Un total de 866 escolares de primaria (53% chicas) de entre 10 y 13 años (M=11,21; D.T.=0,90) fueron encuestados mediante el uso de autoinformes. El tratamiento de datos siguió un modelo de mediación serial moderada a través de «Process». Los resultados evidenciaron los efectos de la revelación filial sobre la ciberagresión, así como la mediación del uso problemático de Internet y el cibercotilleo. A diferencia del sexo, la edad moderó los efectos del modelo de mediación. Los resultados ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de establecer un clima de confianza y comunicación en el entorno familiar para disminuir la implicación en las ciberconductas de riesgo, donde los menores se sientan comprendidos y apoyados por los progenitores, facilitando la comunicación espontánea sobre el uso de Internet.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MATIJA MURKO’S RESEARCH FOR UNDERSTANDING THE MUSICAL TRADITION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
Authors: Kunej Drago , Talam Jasmina , Karača Beljak Tamara
Published: January 2021

The paper presents the research and sound documentation carried out by Matija Murko in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1912–1913 and 1930–1931. It focuses on the importance of Murko’s research and his collected field material in gaining a historical perspective on the past and present musical traditions of Bosnia and Herzegovina and its transformations. Murko’s recordings provide some significant insights into the singing of epic songs accompanied by gusle, the sevdalinke performed to the accompaniment of the violin, and the singing of ravna songs. Murko’s recordings are often the oldest and—in some cases—the only recorded evidence of the existence of certain musical practices.
FOUR TIMES “CONTRA”: THE SOVIET, AMERICAN, DEMOCRATIC, AND EMIGRANT MODELS OF DANCING THE BULGARIAN WAY
Authors: Panova-Tekath Gergana
Published: January 2021

The urban interest in traditional Bulgarian dances constructed different communal realities in Bulgaria and abroad before and after 1989. The author discerns subtle protest in dancing the Bulgarian way and elaborates the meaning of this resistance in four contexts, whereby even the Soviet period is analyzed with great nuance. The phenomenon is defined as a reflexive expression of identity that allows fluid concepts of nationality. It persists as a survival strategy even during this pandemic.
EVEN THE GODS DIE ... THE STATE FUNERAL AND NATIONAL MOURNING FOR THE ALBANIAN COMMUNIST DICTATOR ENVER HOXHA
Authors: Kondi Bledar
Published: January 2021

This paper focuses on the death, state funeral, and national mourning for the Albanian communist dictator Enver Hoxha (1908–1985). This exploration of the emotional experiences and cultural strategies of coping with the death of a deathless leader aims to shed light on the performative roles of the ruling party, the workers, and the class enemies, as well as on the methods of ruling in a dictatorial system.
A SPIRIT IN THE SERVICE OF THE NATION
Authors: Mlekuž Jernej
Published: January 2021

The thesis of the article is that slivovitz or plum brandy (slivovka in Slovene) played an important role in the reproduction of Yugoslav banal nationalism. It reminded Yugoslavs on a daily basis that they were members of a particular national community. The article is based on an analysis of texts containing the word slivovka that appeared in Delo, Slovenia’s newspaper of record, in the period 1959–91 and Delo’s predecessors Slovenski poročevalec and Ljudska pravica in the period 1945–59.
NARRATIVES ABOUT WORK IN CROATIAN CELEBRITY CULTURE
Authors: Biti Ozren
Published: January 2021

This paper is based on research into narratives surrounding the work of (micro)celebrities in Croatia. The analysis comprises written materials dedicated, in various degrees, to different aspects of work as it is performed in Croatian celebrity culture, such as space, time, intensity, character, and value of the work in question; published in newspapers and weeklies or posted on web portals during 2018 and the first half of 2019. Micro-celebrities occupy a special place within celebrity culture, characterized not only by lesser fame and public recognition compared to traditional celebrities, but also by different avenues leading to the acquisition of this particular status.
Waste and the neoliberal work of blame: Reading politics from Cape Town’s informal landscapes
Authors: Storey Angela D.
Published: December 2020

Nearly one quarter of Cape Town’s population lives in informal settlements, sites characterized by limited access to basic infrastructure. This article examines how local experiences with waste management reinforce resident understandings of squatted sites as political and material landscapes, emphasizing the structural and spatial foundations of persistent exclusion. Such local understandings are set against the municipality’s neoliberal framing of resident interactions with waste and infrastructure as irresponsible and illegal, implying that residents are to blame for service limitations and using this to justify further restrictions. Drawing from public service campaigns and ethnographic research, this article examines neoliberal ideologies as discourses of blame that erase the political context for marginalized lives, and argues for the need to understand ideologies of governance by setting them against the broad politics of everyday life.
La resistenza culturale nel Libano contemporaneo. Le sfide di artiste locali e profughe
Authors: Carpi Estella , Fogliata Stefano
Published: December 2020

Sulla base di interviste condotte nel 2018, questo articolo analizza le somiglianze e le differenze che intercorrono tra le sfide che i “fautori della cultura” – artiste in primis – cittadine libanesi e rifugiate palestinesi e siriane devono affrontare nel contesto libanese. Dopo un’illustrazione dello scenario storico-politico libanese e di come in esso la “resistenza culturale” emerge in modo poliedrico, gli autori individuano aree d’incontro e di potenziale solidarietà tra gruppi. L’articolo discute la cosiddetta “umanitarizzazione” dei finanziamenti, attraverso la quale vengono sostenuti e potenziati soprattutto i progetti artistici che possono fungere da strumento di neutralità politica e di “medicalizzazione” dei traumi post-guerra. Tale fenomeno genera in parte una depoliticizzazione ed esteticizzazione dell’arte, “demobilitando” quindi la verve politica dietro al lavoro culturale e, allo stesso tempo, lega la sopravvivenza materiale di tali spazi culturali a cicliche crisi umanitarie.
Iliopsoas Hematoma in Patients Undergoing Venovenous ECMO
Authors: Taniguchi Hayato , Ikeda Tokuji , Takeuchi Ichiro , Ichiba Shingo
Published: January 2021

Background

Iliopsoas hematoma occasionally occurs in patients receiving anticoagulation therapy. It may be a life-threatening complication and can cause disseminated intravascular coagulation, which could develop into abdominal compartment syndrome. The incidence of and factors associated with iliopsoas hematoma during venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have not been well studied.

Objectives

To describe the incidence of iliopsoas hematoma and associated factors among patients undergoing venovenous ECMO.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Nippon Medical School Hospital from April 2015 to October 2018. All patients (>18 years old) with iliopsoas hematoma received a diagnosis based on computed tomography.

Results

During the study period, 54 patients were supported with venovenous ECMO. Iliopsoas hematoma occurred in 8 of those patients (15%), none of whom had disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or abdominal compartment syndrome develop. Univariate analysis indicated that management of ECMO while the patient was awake and mobilization beyond sitting on the edge of the bed were significantly different (P < .05) in patients with and patients without iliopsoas hematoma. Mortality, however, did not differ significantly between the 2 groups.

Conclusions

Our findings emphasize that recognizing factors associated with iliopsoas hematoma and detecting them early are crucial during venovenous ECMO in order to treat patients with iliopsoas hematoma appropriately.
Mindful Ethical Practice and Resilience Academy: Equipping Nurses to Address Ethical Challenges
Authors: Rushton Cynda Hylton , Swoboda Sandra M. , Reller Nancy , Skarupski Kimberly A. , Prizzi Michelle , Young Peter D. , Hanson Ginger C.
Published: January 2021

Background

Ethical challenges in clinical practice significantly affect frontline nurses, leading to moral distress, burnout, and job dissatisfaction, which can undermine safety, quality, and compassionate care.

Objectives

To examine the impact of a longitudinal, experiential educational curriculum to enhance nurses’ skills in mindfulness, resilience, confidence, and competence to confront ethical challenges in clinical practice.

Methods

A prospective repeated-measures study was conducted before and after a curricular intervention at 2 hospitals in a large academic medical system. Intervention participants (192) and comparison participants (223) completed study instruments to assess the objectives.

Results

Mindfulness, ethical confidence, ethical competence, work engagement, and resilience increased significantly after the intervention. Resilience and mindfulness were positively correlated with moral competence and work engagement. As resilience and mindfulness improved, turnover intentions and burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization) decreased. After the intervention, nurses reported significantly improved symptoms of depression and anger. The intervention was effective for intensive care unit and non–intensive care unit nurses (exception: emotional exhaustion) and for nurses with different years of experience (exception: turnover intentions).

Conclusions

Use of experiential discovery learning practices and high-fidelity simulation seems feasible and effective for enhancing nurses’ skills in addressing moral adversity in clinical practice by cultivating the components of moral resilience, which contributes to a healthy work environment, improved retention, and enhanced patient care.
What Matters to Patients and Their Families During and After Critical Illness: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Auriemma Catherine L. , Harhay Michael O. , Haines Kimberley J. , Barg Frances K. , Halpern Scott D. , Lyon Sarah M.
Published: January 2021

Background

Despite increased emphasis on providing higher-quality patient- and family-centered care in the intensive care unit (ICU), there are no widely accepted definitions of such care in the ICU.

Objectives

To determine (1) aspects of care that patients and families valued during their ICU encounter, (2) outcomes that patients and families prioritized after hospital discharge, and (3) outcomes perceived as equivalent to or worse than death.

Methods

Semistructured interviews (n = 49) of former patients of an urban, academic medical ICU and their family members. Two investigators reviewed all transcripts line by line to identify key concepts. Codes were created and defined in a codebook with decision rules for their application and were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results

Salient themes were identified and grouped into 2 major categories: (1) processes of care within the ICU— communication, patient comfort, and a sense that the medical team was “doing everything” (ie, providing exhaustive medical care) and (2) patient and surrogate outcomes after the ICU—survival, quality of life, physical function, and cognitive function. Several outcomes were deemed worse than death: severe cognitive/physical disability, dependence on medical machinery/equipment, and severe/constant pain.

Conclusion

Although survival was important, most participants qualified this preference. Simple measures of mortality rates may not represent patient- or family-centered outcomes in evaluations of ICU-based interventions, and new measures that incorporate functional outcomes and patients’ and family members’ views of life quality are necessary to promote patient-centered, evidence-based care.
Mental Health of Adolescent Relatives of Intensive Care Patients: Benefits of an Open Visitation Policy
Authors: Fergé Jean-Louis , Banydeen Rishika , Le Terrier Christophe , Fize Hélène , Miguel Mathurina , Kentish-Barnes Nancy , Jehel Louis , Moroy Anne , Valentino Ruddy , Mehdaoui Hossein
Published: January 2021

Background

Symptoms of anxiety and depression are common in adolescents with a loved one in an intensive care unit (ICU) and are known precursors of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Objectives

To assess the prevalence of PTSD and associated factors in adolescent (age 12–17 years) relatives of patients in an ICU with an open visitation policy.

Methods

One year after the patient was discharged from the ICU, eligible adolescent relatives completed a satisfaction survey, anxiety history questionnaire, and psychometric evaluations (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and 8-item Children’s Revised Impact of Event Scale).

Results

Thirty-two patients intubated for >2 days and with a Simplified Acute Physiology Score II >30 were included. Forty-six adolescents with first- to third-degree relationships to the patient, and in regular contact (≥monthly) with the patient before hospitalization, were enrolled. The prevalence of PTSD among the adolescents was 33%. Adolescents who visited the ICU were less likely to report feelings of regret than those who did not visit the ICU (2% vs 9%, P = .01). A past sense of threat (odds ratio [95% CI], 19.4 [1.9-201.2]; P = .01) and anxiety and depression symptoms (odds ratio [95% CI], 9.6 [1.4-63.7]; P = .02) were independent factors associated with probable PTSD.

Conclusions

A cautiously prepared open visiting policy should be maintained for adolescents with a relative in the ICU, because it could prevent feelings of regret and subsequent PTSD. Adolescents with risk factors should be screened and followed up.
Providing a Model of Agritourism In Rural Development Case study: Masal county, Guilan Province, Iran
Authors: Chenari H. Mahmoudi , Sheikhani Nejad M. A. Rahimipour , Jan Agha F. Nasiri , Jensi Z. , Kahaki F.
Published: January 2021

Purpose : The main purpose of this study is to present a model of agritourism for rural development. Based on the quantitative approach and principles of sustainable tourism theory, it tries to present the optimal model of agritourism for rural areas of Masal county. An attempt is also made to identify the elements of agritourism and discovere their internal relations in order to evaluate its development. Research Method : This is a descriptive-analytical study with a mixed research method, i.e. a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The research tools in this study include several types of questionnaires and interview cards. For the purpose of data analysis, a variety of statistical tests are used in quantitative and qualitative sections. Findings : The results show that the optimal model of agritourism for rural development in Masal county will be possible in each of the three elevated areas in the presence of five factors, namely tourists, farmers, rural environments, facilitators and common agricultural activities in the region. However, in this study the role of the two factors, including facilitators and rural environments in Masal area is far more than the other three factors. It is also found that, depending on the prevailing conditions in the studied rural areas, the foothills, plain and mountain areas are suitable for agritourism activities, respectively. Originality/ Value : For the first time in Iran, this research has addressed the issue of agritourism model. Also, all the elements of agritourism have been studied together for the first time.
Scope of the Journal of Agricultural Sciences- Sri Lanka
Authors: Mahaliyanaarachchi Rohana P.
Published: January 2021

No Abstract available
Arboreal Tiger Beetles Recorded from Lowland Crop Cultivations in Sri Lanka
Authors: Abeywardhana D. L. , Dangalle C. D. , Mallawarachchi Y. W.
Published: January 2021

Purpose : Thirty-one species of arboreal tiger beetles are known from Sri Lanka of which 25 species are endemic. However, their habitat types are poorly documented and the available records are far outdated. Therefore, a survey of tiger beetles was carried out to determine their present occurrence with emphasis on agricultural habitat types. Research Method : Forty-six locations of the country, covering eighteen districts, all provinces, representing a majority of bioclimatic zones except those in Montane Sri Lanka were surveyed for arboreal tiger beetles. Sampling was conducted using the visual encounter method. Collected beetles were identified using taxonomic keys and descriptions. Findings : Eight species of arboreal tiger beetles were collected from the survey. Majority of the species (06) were collected from crop cultivations of coconut and also from tea, fruit farms, betel leaf, cinnamon and pepper. Four species of Derocrania and two species of Tricondyla were recorded from the cultivations and all had fused elytra and hence unable to fly. Derocrania scitiscabra was the dominant arboreal tiger beetle species in the crop cultivations. Originality/ Value : The study documents hitherto unrecorded habitat types for a poorly documented important beetle group of Sri Lanka. It further provides information for future research on the possibility of using arboreal tiger beetles as bio-control agents of insect pests of agricultural crops.
DONOR KIR3DL1/RECEPTOR HLA-BW4-80I COMBINATION REDUCES ACUTE LEUKEMIA RELAPSE AFTER UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD TRANSPLANTATION WITHOUT IN VITRO T-CELL DEPLETION
Authors: Fang Xinchen , Zhu Xiaoyu , Tang Baolin , Song Kaidi , Song Kaidi , Yao Wen , Wan Xiang , Liu Huilan , Sun Zimin , Peng Jun
Published: January 2021

Background: Donor natural killer (NK) cell alloreactivity in umbilical cord bone marrow transplantation (UCBT) can lead to leukemic relapse. However, NK cell function is calibrated by interaction with human leukocyte antigens (HLAs). This study aimed to investigate graft-resistant leukemia after transplantation and compared specific genotypes of killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) in donors and human leukocyte antigen ligands in patients.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 232 patients with acute leukemia from a single center. Patients had undergone UCBT with myeloablative conditioning and without anti-thymocyte globulin. We identified the KIR genotypes of cord blood donors using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. All of the donors contained KIR3DL1.

Results: The patients were divided into three groups according to the HLA-B locus. The donor KIR3DL1 and recipient HLA-Bw4-80I combination was predictive of being highly educated, and was associated with a lower relapse (P = 0.006) and better overall survival (probability of relapse = 0.13, P < 0.001) than the uneducated group. We found no significant increase in the incidence of acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Conclusions: Our data suggest that the donor KIR3DL1/receptor and HLA-Bw4-80I combination in UCBT results in stronger graft-versus-leukemia effects and improved outcomes in patients with acute leukemia.
INFLUENCE OF NUTRITION ON DISEASE SEVERITY AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN ADULTS WITH SICKLE CELL DISEASE
Authors: Kamal Sanaa , Naghib Moheyeldeen Mohamed , Al Zahrani Jamaan , Hassan Huda , Moawado Karim  Abdel Aziz , Arrahman Omar
Published: January 2021

Background & Aims: Sickle cell disease (SCD has a worldwide distribution and causes significant morbidity and mortality in children and adults. Few studies addressed the determinants of SCD severity in adults; therefore, we investigated the impact of nutrition on the outcome of SCD and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adult patients,

Methods: In this longitudinal study, we recruited and prospectively followed 62 adults with SCD  (aged ?18 years) for a  median of 93 months. At entry and follow-up, patients provided medical and dietary history,  had a physical examination and anthropometric measurements, assessment of protein-energy intake, measurement of micronutrient levels, estimation of  SCD severity score, and determination of the HRQoL  (SF-26v2). The study outcome was a composite of hospitalization due to SCD crises or death.

Results: At baseline, 42 (67.74%) patients had macro and, or micro-undernutrition (Group A), and 20 (32.26%) were well nourished. (Group B).  The   BMI and most anthropometric measurements were significantly lower in SCD patients compared to control subjects.  In several SCD patients, undernutrition resulted from reduced food intake and reduced absorption due to concomitant gastrointestinal disorders. Seventy percent of  SCD patients had vitamin D,  vitamin B12, and zinc deficiencies. Under-nourished patients had significantly higher SCD severity scores, frequent SCD related hospitalizations, higher mortality rates, and reduced HRQoL compared to well-nourished patients.  Protein-energy and micronutrient deficiencies were independent predictors of severe SCD and mortality. Correction of undernutrition and hydroxyurea therapy improved SCD severity scores and HRQoL.

Conclusion: Patients with sickle cell disease have various degrees of macro and micro deficiencies, which increase SCD severity and hospitalizations and reduce the health-related quality of life. Early diagnosis and prompt correction of macro and micronutrient deficiencies need to be incorporated in the standard of care of SCD patients to improve the disease outcomes.
Clinical and laboratory features of Hemoglobin La Desirade variant in association with sickle cell and alpha thalassemia genes
Authors: Alkindi Salam , Al Zadjali Shoaib , Al Rawahi Mohamed , Al Haddabi Hamoud , Daar Shahina , Elsadek Refaat Abdullah , Sherkawy Bahaa Eldeen Diab , Pathare Anil
Published: January 2021

Abstract

Hemoglobin La Desirade (Hb La Desirade) is an unstable hemoglobin variant characterized by amino acid Alanine (Ala) replacing Valine (Val) at position 129 (H7) in the beta chain. Hb La Desirade exhibits a decreased oxygen affinity and normal heme-heme interaction. Interestingly, on analysis by standard electrophoresis, it migrates in the same region as normal HbA, and HbA actually represents a combination of HbA and Hb La Desirade together. This variant was reported as compound heterozygous with other Hemoglobin variants such as HbS, HbC or beta thalassemia, and more recently with Southeast Asian ovalocytosis and Hb Louisville with varying clinical manifestations.  Herein, we describe the clinical and laboratory findings in a number of Omani Arab families who presented to our service for various reasons, presenting with Hemoglobin La Desirade with sickle gene and alpha thalassemia. Our patients with Hb La Desirade trait, were clinically asymptomatic with no evidence of anemia. However when it is associated with other abnormal hemoglobin variants such as HbS, leading to sickle/La Desirade compound heterozygosity, there was mild anemia with significant degree of hypochromia and microcytosis. The most striking feature was that the levels of HbS and HbA were almost equal on HPLC, and these cases could be misdiagnosed as sickle cell trait (SCT). However, the levels of Hb S in these compound heterozygotes (40.4-45.9) were higher than normally seen for the diagnosis of SCT in this population.
Brain and Acute Leukemia, Cytoplasmic Gene Overexpression as a Prognostic Factor in Egyptian De novo Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients
Authors: Alnagar Ahmed A , Hagrassy Hesham M Al , Abdullah Rania M , Shabrawy Reham M El , Salah Hossam
Published: December 2020

Background: Brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic (BAALC) gene is identified on chromosome 8q22.3 and implicated in normal hematopoiesis. BAALC gene overexpression is associated with poor outcome. Methods: We aimed to evaluate BAALC expression in de novo Egyptian acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases and determine its prognostic value. We recruited 70 patients with de novo AML diagnosed and treated at clinical pathology and medical oncology departments, fulfilling inclusion criteria in our prospective study and evaluated BAALC expression level. Patients received induction therapy. The Institutional Review Board approved our study. Results: The mean age was 39.2 years ± 11.87, (18–60) with a male/female ratio of 3/2. The cutoff value of BAALC as a prognostic factor was 2.11 with sensitivity (86.1%), specificity (80%), positive predictive value (88.6%), and negative predictive value (76.2%.) (P < 0.001), 43 (61.4%) patients had high BAALC expression. Seventy-two percent of patients in the low BAALC group achieved complete remission (CR) compared to 42.1% in high BAALC expression group (P = 0.03). Patients with low BAALC (123.1 ± 4.9) had longer mean survival time than high BAALC group (45.85 ± 5.1) (P = 0.000). Conclusion: High-BAALC expression is an adverse prognostic factor, with a higher risk of relapse, lower CR rates, and lower survival in Egyptian de novo AML patients.