bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of the methodical approach for the estimation of carbon stocks in peat deposits of West Siberia
Authors:   Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Preis Yu.I. , Golovatskaya E.A. ,   Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kabanov M.M. ,   Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: September 2023

The aim of the study. Development of the methodical approach to the estimation of carbon stocks in peat deposits of West Siberia, based on the analysis of available published and archived materials, allowing rapid reassessment of carbon stocks once new data is acquired. Methods. Analysis of published data on carbon content and methodical approaches to the estimation of carbon stocks in swamp ecosystems of West Siberia. Processing the data contained in “Tomsk region peat deposits inventory” and detailed archived materials on specific deposits to validate the existing and to develop a new optimal approach to the estimation of carbon stocks in peat deposits of West Siberia. Results. The lack of representative data on Corg content in West Siberian peats is revealed. The authors demonstrate the necessity to revisit current estimations of peat density and Corg as averaged over different types of swamps with the aim to improve and optimize estimations of carbon stocks in the swamps of the region. New method, based on the data in region inventories and detailed archived materials of geological surveys in West Siberia, is suggested to assess carbon stocks in peat deposits. The algorithm, taking into account all the information available, is also presented. Conclusions. To optimize and refine the estimation of carbon stocks in peat deposits of West Siberia it is necessary to carry out large-scale analytic research using a unified method and to develop an open database of Corg content in organic matter of different peat types, determining for the high-ash fen peats the non-organic carbon content. Methodical approach is suggested to estimate carbon stocks based on using most of the data, available in regional inventories and archived materials of geological surveys in order to enhance the quality of estimation.
Fetomaternal Outcome of Obstructed Labor in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: KC Tara , GC Narayan , Sharma Deepanjali , Lamsal Manoj , Banu Hasina
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION Obstructed  labor is the  leading cause of  hospitalization. It is a preventable obstetric complcation. However, it is a major cause  of  maternal  and  perinatal  morbidity  and mortality. The main  objective of the study was to ﬁnd feto-maternal outcome in obstructed labor at tertiary care hospital UCMS-TH, Bhairahawa.
MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty seven women  admitted with features of obstructed labor at our hospital were studied. By clinical examination, diagnosis of cephalopelvic disproportion, malpresentation, malposition, obstruction in birth canal, overdistended bladder, hematuria, rupture uterus and  supermoulding of fetal  head  was detected. Demographic proﬁle of patients, mode of delivery, time interval between referral and admission, intervention done, intrapartum and postpartum  complications, maternal and fetal outcome were evaluated.
RESULTS There  were 87 cases  of  obstructed  labor among 1655 total deliveries. Most common cause for obstructed labor was cephalopelvic disproportion (34.4%) followed by malpresentation (19.5%) and  non  progress of   labor (17.2%). Majority of the patients were primigravida (43.6%) followed by multiparous (35.6%) and grand multipara (20.6%). Most of  cases were  unbooked  and referral from primary health centers (80.4%). PPH (41.2%), extension of uterine incision (17.4%), followed by sepsis, pyrexia and uterine rupture were common complications. Perinatal  morbidity  due  to  obstructed  labour requiring NICU admission was (33.9%) and perinatal mortality was (21.7%) mainly due to meconium aspiration, respiratory distress and septicemia.
CONCLUSION Cephalopelvic disproportion and primigravida were the commonest cause of obstructed  labour and associated with PPH, extension of uterine incision, uterine rupture, sepsis and neonatal ICU admission and even neonatal death.
Factores de riesgo de enfermedad hipertensiva en el embarazo en pacientes hospitalizados en el HGZ No.2, Delegación Chiapas.
Authors:   Unidad de Medicina Familiar, No. 17, IMSS, San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas, Flores Abadia Eva Lilia , Díaz Moreno Luis Arturo ,   Hospital General de Zona 2, IMSS, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, López Pascacio Christian Lenny ,   Unidad de Medicina Familiar, No. 13, IMSS, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas
Published: September 2023

Introducción: Las enfermedades hipertensivas del embarazo son los trastornos más comunes durante la gestación, a nivel mundial se presentan aproximadamente 50 000 muertes maternas y 900 000 perinatales, con alto índice de complicaciones tempranas y tardías. Entre los principales factores de riesgo se encuentran la edad materna (los extremos), los antecedentes familiares y personales con un componente genético heredable del 50%, la primigravidez, embarazos de alto orden fetal, antecedentes de enfermedades crónicas y obesidad. Objetivo: Describir los factores de riesgo asociados a enfermedad hipertensiva en el embarazo en pacientes hospitalizadas en el HGZ No. 2, delegación Chiapas, durante el periodo de enero a diciembre de 2018. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, con datos obtenidos en el periodo de 01 de octubre al 30 de noviembre de 2020 a partir de la revisión de 386 expedientes clínicos de pacientes del Hospital General de Zona No. 2, que cursaron con enfermedad hipertensiva en el embarazo diagnosticada durante el 01 de enero al 31 de diciembre de 2018. Resultados: El rango de edad materna osciló entre los 14 y 44 años, con una media de 26.02 ± 6 años. Dentro de las características sociodemográficas se observó que en la mayoría de las pacientes prevaleció un nivel educativo básico, nivel socioeconómico medio bajo, 56.1 % se encontraban en unión libre y presentaban un estado nutricional normal. Se observó que 38.3 % eran primigestas, 71.2 % nulíparas y 73.6 % no tenían antecedentes de abortos o cesáreas. El tabaquismo fue el antecedente personal patológico predominante (20.2%). Con respecto al diagnóstico el más frecuente fue preeclampsia (40.4 %), seguido de hipertensión gestacional (28.3 %). Conclusiones: Se observó una alta presencia de preeclampsia e hipertensión gestacional, por supuesto es posible denotar una combinación de factores de riesgo, tales como mayoría de primigestas y nulíparas, y alta presencia de comorbilidades (tabaquismo, y enfermedades crónico degenerativas) que se asocian en gran medida a la presencia asociada a dichas patologías. A partir de esto, es posible comprender la necesidad de concientizar al personal de salud a realizar promoción a la salud en pacientes en edad fértil incluyendo capacitación para la prevención, detección oportuna, seguimiento de factores de riesgo y tratamiento de tales patologías en el embarazo. Palabras clave: Hipertensión, Embarazo, Riesgo, Fisiopatología.
Visión de los universitarios de Chiapas, México, ante el COVID-19: su impacto y resiliencia
Authors:   Facultad de Ciencias Odontológicas y Salud Pública, UNICACH, Cruz Alemán Alejandra Isabel , Gutiérrez Zavala Ángel ,   Facultad de Ciencias Odontológicas y Salud Pública, UNICACH, Durán García Rosa Margarita ,   Facultad de Ciencias Odontológicas y Salud Pública, UNICACH
Published: September 2023

La aparición de la nueva pandemia mundial por COVID-19 iniciada en China y que ha traspasado fronteras hacia países del continente americano, ha trastocado las estructuras y dinámicas familiares, sociales, escolares, económicas y laborales donde se insertan los seres humanos 1. Se empezaba el tan esperado 2020, pero las noticias nos hacían ver que no sería un año tan querido. Enero se sintió como un momento tan simple. Lo único de lo que teníamos que preocuparnos era si el asesinato de un general iraní en un ataque con drones de EE.UU. conduciría a la Tercera Guerra Mundial 2. Mientras tanto, en China, un nuevo virus extraño comenzó a extenderse, su presencia era un reloj silencioso que contaba hasta un momento en que pondría al mundo de rodillas 2. El nuevo coronavirus fue reportado por primera vez en Wuhan, una ciudad de 11 millones de personas en la provincia central de China de Hubei, a finales de diciembre de 2019. Desde entonces, se ha extendido por todo el mundo, cobrando la vida de más de 500, 000 personas. El virus que se abrió paso a través de China comenzó a generar miedo en todo el mundo. Para muchos, la palabra “coronavirus” aún no era familiar y la amenaza parecía muy lejana, principalmente para nosotros los mexicanos 2. En marzo, se desató el infierno. Pero a la sombra de una pandemia, el infierno no es un ruido sordo y desgarrador. Es un silencio misterioso y espacios vacíos. Son personas que mueren solas en camas de hospital en cuarentena. Los mercados mundiales se estremecieron y colapsaron, presagiando meses de sufrimiento económico. Palabras clave: COVID-19, Pandemia, Universitarios.
MENEZES, Marcos A. Um flâneur perdido na metrópole do século XIX. Curitiba-PR: CRV, 2020.
Authors: Santos Leandro Antônio dos
Published: September 2023

Resenha da Obra: MENEZES, Marcos A. Um flâneur perdido na metrópole do século XIX. Curitiba-PR: CRV, 2020.
A Santa Sé e a criação da prelazia de Diamantino em Mato Grosso (1929)
Authors: Marin Jérri Roberto
Published: September 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a criação da prelazia de Diamantino, em 1929, projeto do arcebispo D. Francisco de Aquino Corrêa para reorganizar a arquidiocese de Cuiabá. A proposta tramitou entre os anos de 1925 e 1929, sendo reformulada quatro vezes devido às discordâncias entre o episcopado mato-grossense sobre os limites territoriais. Neste contexto, a Santa Sé pretendia expandir o número de circunscrições eclesiásticas e assegurar a presença da Igreja Católica entre as populações indígenas, porém prezava pela unidade do episcopado e, por isso, as divergências deviam ser superadas por meio de negociações diplomáticas. Pretende-se contribuir para os estudos sobre a criação de novas circunscrições eclesiásticas no Brasil, sobretudo em Mato Grosso. As fontes que permitiram o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram obtidas na Hemeroteca Digital e no Arquivo Apostólico Vaticano.

Palavras-chave: Santa Sé. Dioceses. Mato Grosso. Província Eclesiástica de Cuiabá. Prelazia de Diamantino.
Concordâncias e discordâncias nas construções narrativas de D. Pedro II e do Segundo Reinado (RIHGB-1925)
Authors: Silva Leandro Antonio da
Published: September 2023

No século XIX, o Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro (IHGB) se tornou um lugar institucional responsável por cuidar do projeto de escrita da história da nação pautada por uma proposta ligada ao Estado monárquico. A partir de 1889, com a dissolução do regime imperial e a instauração da República, o IHGB redefiniu, reescreveu e fez o uso de novas práticas de narrar a história. Mesmo na República o reduto intelectual ainda conservava traços do regime monárquico e a figura imperial ainda pairava sobre o Instituto. A exemplo disso, foi organizado um volume comemorativo do nascimento de D. Pedro II na Revista do Instituto Histórico Geográfico Brasileiro (RIHGB) em 1925. Nesse sentido, o artigo visa apresentar os diálogos entre os autores na Revista a partir de certas temáticas e evidenciar as aproximações e afastamentos de ideias acerca da memória/história de D. Pedro II e o Segundo Império. Para isso, buscamos analisar algumas das principais narrativas a fim de mapear os pontos de encontros/concordâncias e os desencontros/discordâncias de ideias pelos autores. Por meio desse estudo buscamos compreender como a memória/história do Império e do Imperador foram construídas em disputa pelos autores nas narrativas da RIHGB em 1925.

Palavras-chave: D. Pedro II. RIHGB. História da Historiografia.
PERBANDINGAN ANTARA KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA DAN KETERAMPILAN MENYIMAK DALAM MEMPEROLEH INFORMASI DARI MEDIA MASSA PADA SISWA KELAS VII SMP NURUL QOMAR PALEMBANG
Authors: Sari Puspita , Agustina Juaidah
Published: September 2023

This study identified and described the comparison between reading skills and listening skills in obtaining information from the mass media in class VIII students of SMP Nurul Qomar Palembang. The method used in this research is descriptive and comparative. Research data obtained through test techniques and questionnaire techniques. Based on the results of the research, conclusions were obtained, namely the results of data analysis and discussion of the effectiveness of comparisons between reading skills and listening skills in obtaining information from the mass media in class VIII students of SMP Nurul Qomar Palembang. The mean value of the reading test for class VIII A students as a reading group was 74.8, the mean score for listening tests for class VIII B students as a listening group was 68.19 (74.8 > 68.19) and in obtaining information between reading skills and listening there is no significant difference.
Portable Load Monitoring System of Substation Transformer Based on IoT Included GPS
Authors: Mahadi Putra Putu Agus , Rakhmawati Renny , Aulia Aura
Published: September 2023

Transformer is a very important thing for distributing electricity. One of the troubles that happen to transformer is overload which can shorten their life or worse case it can cause an explosion. Up until now, PLN Corporation still doesnâ€™t have mitigation alerts for overload. Load monitoring is still done manually along with inputting data on the web. It can cause false inputting of data due to human error. So, this research was made that can be monitored on the web and shown as a diagram with real-time parameters. This research can also be moved to its place because itâ€™s portable. This research uses a current sensor and voltage sensor also GPS which is processed by a microcontroller and then the result is shown in LCD and monitoring web by ESP8266. Hopefully, this research can help PLN mitigate overload and reduce human error, remembering that substation transformer costs a lot. The result of the test shows that this system could read voltage and current values with average sensitivity 0,1803% and 1,15%. Besides, it has GPS to detect location when it moves place and it has high accurate.
Analysis of the morbidity of breast cancer in Ukraine and the city of Kyiv
Authors: Рафальська Я. Д. , Косяченко К. Л.
Published: September 2023

One of the main causes of mortality worldwide is malignant neoplasms, and in Ukraine, breast cancer ranks first among all cancer diseases and mortality among women. With the help of official epidemiological data, it is possible to estimate the level and forecast the costs of the prevention and treatment of breast cancer in women.

The purpose of the study was to analyze epidemiological indicators of breast cancer incidence and mortality among the female population in Ukraine and the city of Kyiv.

The study used data on the incidence and mortality from breast cancer in women of the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine for 2011–2021. Analytical-comparative, epidemiological, graphic, and mathematical-statistical methods were used.

The results of the analysis of epidemiological indicators showed that the largest number of sick women was registered in 2012 – 17,746, and the smallest in 2020 – 12,736. The highest growth rate of the chain coefficient of decrease/increase in the incidence and mortality rate of breast cancer in women was in 2015 – 23% and 8%, respectively. The lowest number of registered cases of breast cancer for 2016–2020 in Ukraine is observed in the Western region, and the largest in the Northern region. The highest mortality rate was recorded in women in the city of Kyiv and in Ukraine as a whole from breast cancer in 2012 (18.2 and 16.9 per 100,000 population, respectively). In general, the mortality trend in the city of Kyiv is higher than in Ukraine. The results of the analysis showed that breast cancer is most often detected for the first time at the I–II stage of the disease. The largest number of such patients was found in Ukraine in 2015 – 78.6% of the total number of cases.

Taking into account the analyzed epidemiological data on the incidence and mortality of women from breast cancer in Ukraine and the city of Kyiv, it is necessary to conduct social programs for early screening of breast cancer at the state level and provide such patients with effective anticancer drugs at all stages of treatment.
Inquérito parasitológico em cães com tutores da cidade de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul (2013-2019)
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Marques Sandra Márcia Tietz , Scisleski Márcia Sueli de Oliveira , Souza André Luiz de , Leite Carolina Leites , Gomes Mary Jane Tweedie de Mattos
Published: September 2023

Dogs a reservoir hosts for helminth and protozoan species and cohabitation with humans plays a key role in zoonotic transmission. The aim of this study is to report the prevalence of intestinal helminths and protozoa and stablish the principal endoparasites in domestic dogs in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Fecal samples were collected from 1400 dogs during the years 2013-2019 and analyzed at the Helminths Laboratory of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. In total, 316 (22,6%) samples were positive for the least one parasite genus, with rates of 62,4%, 43,8%, 23,8%, 14,6%, 8,8%, 18,3% and 30,8%, respectively for the years 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019. The positivity rate for monoinfected dogs was 86,4% (273/316) and 13,6% (43/316) for polyparasited dogs, especially Ancylostoma spp. The results reinforce the need to improve intestinal parasite control programs to protect dogs and humans and the need to increase the knowledge of dog tutors on the subject.
Monetary Policy Report, July 2023
Authors:   Office of the Deputy Technical Governor,   Office for Monetary Policy and Economic Information,   Inflation Section,   Macroeconomic Programming Section,   Advisors and Associate Researcher with the Programming and Inflation Department,   Macroeconomic Modeling Department,   Consultant and Researchers associated with the Macro-Economic Models Department
Published: September 2023

In the second quarter of 2023, total annual infation fell to 12.1% and the rise of core infation halted and stood at 10.5%; both measures were lower than those forecasted in the April Report but remained well above the 3.0% target. The aggregate effects of monetary policy actions and the unwinding of certain shocks that affected prices will contribute towards bringing infation closer to the target in 2024. By component, the annual variations in the CPI for food and the CPI excluding food and regulated items have lessened more markedly than anticipated by the Central Bank’s technical staff, underlying the decline in annual infation. However, prices of regulated items and services continued to rise, nonetheless at a slower pace than expected, particularly in the case of services. For these two groups, price indexation mechanisms have resulted in the transmission of some transitory increases in certain CPI sub-components (e.g., food) to other items (e.g., rents, utilities, etc.), thus generating a greater persistence of already high infation. This is acerbated by the gasoline price increases required to correct the defcit of the Fuel Price Stabilization Fund (Fondo de Estabilización de los Precios de los Combustibles, FEPC). Consequently, the CPI for regulated items forecast increased going forward relative to the April Report given the higher gasoline price adjustments announced by the Government. For the remaining items (food, goods, and services), the forecasted trajectory declined due partly to the lower-than-estimated infation, a more notable reduction in the international prices of some food items and freight costs, lower exchange rate and cost pressures on prices, and a faster than anticipated decrease in excess demand. This occurs in a contractionary monetary policy environment that aims to reduce infation towards rates close to the 3.0% target by the end of 2024. Against this background, headline infation for yearend 2023 is forecast at 9.0% (formerly 9.5%) and 3.5% for yearend 2024 (previously 3.4%) (Graph 1.1). In the same timeframes, the core infation forecast has been revised downward from 8.9% to 7.9%, and from 3.9% to 3.7%, respectively (Graph 1.2). These projections are subject to high uncertainty, especially surrounding future behavior of international fnancing conditions and the exchange rate, fuctuations in domestic demand, the possible occurrence of the El Niño natural climate phenomenon, and future decisions regarding domestic fuel and electricity prices.
Constitutional reform of Ukraine in 2016 and its impact on the development of the legal system
Authors: Goncharenko L. L.
Published: September 2023

It has been established that the constitution is the fundamental law of any modern state, which ensures the integrity of the country's legal system. The said legal act contains the most important provisions defining the basic guarantees for the protection of rights, freedoms and interests of a person and a citizen, as well as the key principles of functioning of the State as a whole and its legislative, executive and judicial branches. It is noted that the priority of the constitutional provisions is due to the fact that all other legal acts of different legal force are developed in accordance to it.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the constitutional reform in Ukraine implemented in 2016 was important for our country, since: firstly, it was aimed at strengthening democracy and observance of the rule of law in Ukraine; secondly, the powers of the President of Ukraine and the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine to elect judges to office were adapted in accordance with international standards; thirdly, the requirements for the personality and professionalism of judges were significantly increased.

It has been noted that the constitutional reform of 2016 had a significant impact not only on the activities of the judiciary, but also on the development of the legal system of the Ukrainian State. Thus, among the positive aspects of the relevant reform are the following: the content of the legal provisions enshrined in the Constitution of Ukraine defining human rights and freedoms has become one of the broadest among European countries; the reform significantly changed the approach to the content of the principle of judicial immunity, in particular, a functional approach to ensuring judicial immunity was applied; the activities of the bodies responsible for the judiciary were reformed in accordance with European requirements and standards.
Genesis of social security regulation for police officers in Ukraine
Authors: Kolotik A. S.
Published: September 2023

The police reform launched in Ukraine in 2015 was a very important and long-overdue step towards the transformation of both the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine and the law enforcement system of the country as a whole. However, today, more than seven years after the adoption of the Law of Ukraine “On the National Police”, the reform is still not fully completed, and sharp criticism of numerous problems and shortcomings in the reform process is often heard in the academic community and among representatives of the practical sphere of law. We do not deny the existence of certain gaps and other problematic issues in the current legal framework for the organisation and functioning of the police in Ukraine, but we do not agree with the current opinion that the police reform has failed. A number of aspects, including the state of legislative regulation of social security for police officers, demonstrate the necessary and important positive developments and changes in this area. In order to prove this position, an analysis of the genesis of legal regulation of social security for police officers is made in the article, which will allow tracing the changes in this area both during the period when our State was a part of the Soviet empire and after the declaration of independence and introduction of new ideas and principles of development of the Ukrainian statehood.

The article examines the legal framework for regulating social security of police officers in Ukraine from the time of establishment of the Soviet police in 1917 to the launch of the police reform in 2015 and introduction of the relevant amendments to the current Ukrainian legislation in this regard. The author identifies the key features of the formation and development of legal regulation of social security of police officers in Ukraine at different historical stages of our country's development. Attention is focused on the dependence of the state of social security regulation of police officers on the ruling elite's vision of the role of police bodies and services in the system of state power.
Peculiarities of archival information resources legal regulation in the field of research on the development of the rocket and space industry
Authors: Popova L. M. , Khromov А. V.
Published: September 2023

It has been noted that in the course of military events on the territory of Ukraine, where the Russian Federation has fired thousands of ballistic and cruise missiles, killing thousands of Ukrainians, interest in the topic of rocket and space technology has increased significantly. The interest of the Ukrainian population in information about the possibilities for the development of the rocket and space industry in Ukraine and its position in the global space services market has grown especially. One of the fundamental problems in the study of the historical development of the rocket and space industry is the closed nature of archival information resources due to the fact that the vast majority of these material carriers of information have access restrictions and are stored in the archival departments of the development organisations, while other documents that lose their technical relevance are destroyed.

It has been noted that the List of topics whose scientific and technical documentation is to be included in the National Archival Fond and transferred to state storage contains very little information on rocket and space issues. An important source in the field of rocket and space activities is the museum collections of organisations where certain equipment was developed and produced. Another important source of information is interviews with direct participants in the development of rocket and space technology, i.e. oral sources of information. First-hand details of the formation and development of rocket and space technology provide a lot of valuable information, and it is advisable to use the practice of “oral sources of information” as long as it is possible.

The possibility of granting such oral sources of information the status of an official document in the legal field has been considered. An emphasis is placed on the need to verify the reliability of information obtained from interviews, which is carried out through an examination of the value of such information. In addition, the need to guarantee the preservation of oral sources of information on rocket and space activities in the archives of Ukraine and ensure their availability for use by the public of today and future generations has been stressed.
Standardisation of prof by investigating judges when exercising their powers to consider requests for permission to conduct procedural actions
Authors: Balats R. M.
Published: September 2023

Based on the modern achievements of the national science in criminal procedure and the development of the theory of evidence in criminal proceedings, in particular, its standardization, the author examines the theoretical prerequisites for standardization of evidence by an investigating judge when considering requests for permission to conduct procedural actions. The following conclusions are emphasised: 1) the concepts of functions and powers of an investigating judge are multilevel, and powers are of optional, auxiliary significance in relation to the function. The function of judicial control finds its practical implementation through the formal existence of a certain range of powers of the investigating judge and through their exercise during criminal proceedings; 2) the consideration of requests for permission to conduct procedural actions is a type of powers of the investigating judge aimed at exercising the function of judicial control over the observance of the rights, freedoms and interests of persons in criminal proceedings; 3) the consideration of requests for permission to conduct procedural actions is carried out in the form of evidence, which is standardised by the legislator; 4) standards of proof are a set of rules that must be followed by the subject of criminal proceedings and ensure that he or she has the level of conviction necessary to make a lawful and reasonable decision; 5) when considering requests for procedural actions (depending on the type of procedural action), the investigating judge must be guided by the following standards of proof: reasonable grounds, reasonable suspicion; beyond reasonable doubt; 6) the guidelines for the application of the “beyond reasonable doubt” standard by the investigating judge when deciding on the choice of preventive measures are not directly provided for by law, but follow from the nature and objectives of this procedure.
The system of procedural guarantees of the participants’ rights in criminal proceedings during pre-trial investigation
Authors: Piddubna A. V.
Published: September 2023

The current criminal procedural legislation of Ukraine contains legal guarantees designed to ensure proper protection, safeguarding and realisation of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of participants in criminal proceedings. However, in the legal literature, there is no unified approach to defining the essence and content of the system of procedural guarantees of the rights of participants to criminal proceedings, which negatively affects the functioning of the entire system of criminal procedural guarantees, its efficiency and effectiveness. The stability and effectiveness of the studied system of guarantees is an indicator of the level of development of many areas of public life and the legal status of an individual in the State. In this context, the issue of guaranteeing the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of participants to criminal proceedings during the pre-trial investigation is controversial for both legislators and scholars, and is important for every citizen of Ukraine, since pre-trial investigation and criminal procedural activities in general are associated with interference with a person's private life and restriction of his or her rights, freedoms and legitimate interests in cases provided for by law.

An analysis of the essence of the system of procedural guarantees of the participants’ rights in criminal proceedings during pre-trial investigation has been made, and its structure and main constituent elements have been characterized. It has been proved that the system of the studied guarantees forms a set of conditions and means which are inextricably linked and interact.

Based on the results of the study of scientific discussions and positions of procedural scholars, the author establishes that the system of procedural guarantees of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of participants to criminal proceedings should be considered as a set of interrelated and interacting regulatory and organisational guarantees contained in the provisions of substantive and procedural law and regulatory legal acts.

Based on the results of the study, it has been proposed to define the elements of the system of procedural guarantees of rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of participants to criminal proceedings during pre-trial investigation, namely: criminal procedural form, principles of criminal proceedings, procedural status of a person, measures to ensure criminal proceedings, measures to restore violated rights of a person, control and supervision of authorised bodies, legal sanctions.
Procedural status of participants in criminal proceedings as a means of securing rights and legitimate interests
Authors: Solovyova O. Ye.
Published: September 2023

The concept of procedural status of participants in criminal proceedings is considered. According to the Criminal Code of Ukraine, participants in criminal proceedings are parties to criminal proceedings, persons who take part in criminal proceedings. A comparison of this definition with specific norms of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, which refer to participants in criminal proceedings, shows that the law includes not only persons involved in criminal proceedings, but also the subjects of criminal procedural activity themselves, i.e. officials and bodies that conduct (investigate) criminal proceedings, etc.

The procedure for recognizing a person as a subject of criminal procedural relations established by law is of great importance for ensuring the legality of criminal proceedings and allows to properly protect the interests of persons involved in this field of activity.

Ambiguity of understanding and extended interpretation of the reasons for involvement in criminal proceedings, failure to establish a clear procedure for acquiring the relevant status violate the orderliness of procedural activities, which thus reflects on the legitimate interests of the participants in criminal proceedings. Therefore, a formal approach to determining the circle of participants in criminal proceedings should be followed.

This approach is able to give such positive results as certainty, stability of the procedural provision, predictability of the behavior of participants in criminal proceedings and the results of their actions, as well as to create a logical and consistent system of mechanisms for the exercise, protection and protection of their rights and legitimate interests.
Peculiarities of procedural decision-making during pre-trial investigation of high-profile offences a sexual nature committed against children
Authors: Fomina T. H. , Pchelina O. V.
Published: September 2023

Based on the analysis of regulatory legal acts and investigative and judicial practice, certain peculiarities of procedural decision-making during pre-trial investigation of high-profile criminal offences of a sexual nature committed against children have been highlighted, namely, with regard to: the formation of an investigative team or an investigative and operational team; the application of security measures; the conduct of criminal proceedings in a closed court session; and the application of measures to ensure criminal proceedings.

It has been noted that for a comprehensive, complete and impartial pre-trial investigation of high-profile criminal offences, including sexual offences committed against children, the need to establish an investigative team is provided for at the regulatory level. In addition, the law provides for the possibility for an investigating judge or court to decide to conduct criminal proceedings in a closed court session during the entire trial or a separate part of it in the case of a criminal offence against sexual freedom and sexual inviolability of a person (Article 27(2)(2) of the CPC of Ukraine). Court practice has shown examples of such a decision being made in the case of choosing a preventive measure for a person suspected of committing sexual offences, in particular those committed against children, and during the interrogation of a person during a pre-trial investigation in a court hearing.

A procedure for application of measures to ensure criminal proceedings during the pre-trial investigation of the category of criminal offences under study, in particular, suspension from the duty, and preventive measures has been analysed. It has been established that, for the most part, preventive measures are chosen taking into account the risks envisaged by Article 177 of the CPC of Ukraine, the severity of the punishment which the suspect faces if found guilty of the criminal offence of which he or she is suspected, the data on the suspect's identity, and the resonance of the criminal offence committed.
Application of concentrated learning technology in the professional training of forensic experts
Authors: Klymchuk D. V. , Ihnatov S. V.
Published: September 2023

The relevance of improving training to increase the productivity of experts in expert institutions has been emphasised. The world experience of applying concentrated learning in the general scientific process has been analysed. The structure of concentrated learning as a technology of the pedagogical process, as well as the resources that can be released to increase the productivity of learning through the use of concentrated learning technology, have been studied. The system of forensic experts’ training in Ukraine and the issues of professional training of forensic experts have been analysed and summarised. On the basis of the analysis, the features of application of the concentrated learning technology elements in the training and practical activities of forensic experts in Ukraine have been considered.

The problematic issues of integrating forensic experts who have just obtained a qualification in a certain expert speciality into the work process and their further professional development have been highlighted. The advantages and disadvantages of using the technology of concentrated training in expert practice have been considered. The mechanism of its application in expert practice through the introduction of temporary specialisation has been added to the basic general pedagogical technology. The term “temporary specialisation” has been introduced and its interpretation provided. The advantages and disadvantages of temporary specialisation from the point of view of the expert and the organisational structure (laboratory, department, sector, etc.) of the expert institution, which includes a forensic expert, have been considered. It has been proved that the components of the concentrated learning technology may be useful for increasing the efficiency of training of forensic experts, their further professional development and improving the productivity of the organisational structure of an expert institution which includes a forensic expert.
Purpose, subject matter and objectives of forensic medicine
Authors: Moiseyenko O. S.
Published: September 2023

It has been established that forensic medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with the application of medical knowledge and methods to resolve legal issues, in particular those related to death, injury and other types of violence. The main purpose of forensic medicine is to examine the bodies of the dead or injured in order to determine the cause of death or injury, as well as to determine the possible criminal element in the act. To do this, forensic physicians use methods of body examination, evidence collection and expert analysis.

It has been generalised that forensic medical examination as a subject of forensic medicine is a scientific and practical research carried out by specially trained specialists with the aim of providing an objective assessment of medical issues in cases brought before a court. This examination may include determining the causes and circumstances of death, assessing injuries, determining the severity and possible consequences of injuries, examining the patient's medical history, and other medical issues that may be relevant to the resolution of court cases. The results of a forensic medical examination may be used as evidence in a court of law.

It has been stated that the main tasks of forensic medicine as a branch of science are: study of human physiology and pathology, as well as the relationship of these processes with the knowledge of the cause of death and other traumatic injuries; development and improvement of methods for detection and assessment of traumatic injuries and their consequences, as well as establishment of the relationship between trauma and health consequences; detection of the impact of physical and chemical factors on human health, as well as establishment of the causes and consequences of the impact of these factors; determining the state of human health in the context of criminal investigation, including assessment of the state of alcohol or drug intoxication and its impact on human behaviour and actions; studying the relationship between the state of health and the crime committed, as well as establishing the facts of the presence and nature of injuries of victims.
Topical issues of drug addiction criminological characteristics in Ukraine
Authors: Lukianenko S. V. , Pribytkova N. O.
Published: September 2023

It has been noted that drug addiction is a person’s mental and physical dependence on narcotic substances that occurs as a result of systematic drug use. In the course of drug addiction, a pathological dependence on any narcotic substance develops, which is accompanied by physical and mental addiction to the drug, which in turn negatively affects the psychophysiological functioning of the body.

It has been argued that the key problems of drug addiction in Ukraine are the following: socio-economic problems in the country; insufficient preventive work among the population; perception of drugs as a means of social interaction; lack of alternatives in solving personal problems; unproductive justice system; high level of corruption; low level of self-awareness; open borders.

It has been stated that the criminological characteristic of drug addiction in Ukraine can be revealed through a combination of the following factors: drug addiction is a factor that contributes to the commission of crimes in order to obtain funds to buy drugs; drug addiction causes changes in the behaviour and thinking of the addict, and therefore may lead to an increase in the likelihood of committing crimes; it may be the cause of violence or other crimes, as it promotes aggressive behaviour and reduces inhibition; it reduces the social adaptation of the addict, which increases the likelihood that the person will become a criminal; drug addiction can cause a loss of control over one's own behaviour and a decrease in self-esteem, which, in turn, is a determining factor in crime.

It has been summarised that crime and drug addiction are directly interrelated, which requires a comprehensive approach to counteract them. To combat this problem, it is necessary not only to provide medical care for drug addicts, but also to develop social and criminal policies that will help reduce the spread of drug addiction and the number of crimes committed.
The essence and features of corruption as an object of administrative and legal influence
Authors: Muzychuk E. O.
Published: September 2023

The article states that the formation of an understanding of the essence of corruption begins at the turn of the New Age, when the progressive thought of contemporary philosophers outlined the essence of legal behaviour, which was no longer influenced by religious dogmas.

It has been emphasised that corruption is a phenomenon specific to each country and each society, regardless of their political, economic or any other model of functioning. At the same time, the definitions contained in the reference literature differ depending on the cultural, legal, socio-economic or other peculiarities specific to a particular period of publication of a particular dictionary (reference book).

It has been noted that the presence of illegal corrupt interests among public officials of one or another level is a key source of abuse of their official powers with the aim of obtaining undue benefits or concealing the fact of receiving such benefits in the past.

Attention is focused on the fact that the mechanism of administrative and legal regulation is provided by a complex of administrative and legal means. In a broad sense, legal means are those that allow to achieve the goal of legal regulation chosen by legislation. Thus, corruption as an object of administrative influence is an illegal act, for each case of which an appropriate reaction of the state (in the form of law enforcement and anti-corruption bodies) must be applied, which consists in the legal administrative or criminal prosecution of a person.

It has been emphasized that the essence of corruption as an object of administrative and legal influence is revealed in the system of characteristic features, in particular, corruption covers a significant range of subjects whose consciousness and behaviour it influences; the level of influence of corruption on individual members of society directly depends not so much on the level of public condemnation of it in society, but on the effectiveness of anti-corruption activities of law enforcement agencies and on the strength of “anti-corruption barriers” artificially erected by the state; the ability of corruption to instantly adapt to the current political regime; universality for every country in the world; dependence on the quality of current administrative and legal legislation of states.
Trastornos de la conductaalimentaria en diabetes
Authors:   Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Unidad de Banco de Sangre, Rodríguez González Blanca
Published: September 2023

Recibir el diagnostico de Diabetes Mellitus pone en riesgo, el desarrollo normal psicológico del paciente y del ciclo de evolución familiar, cuyas consecuencias serán evidentes en el nivel de personalidad y el desempeño familiar. El diagnostico a una edad temprana de vida como se da en la mayoría de casos el caso de la DM tipo 1, representa un importante problema a nivel psicológico, ya que es en esta etapa donde la preocupación por el peso y la imagen corporal se vuelve prominente a tal grado que repercute en el autoestima directamente. Muchas personas con Diabetes se enfrentan a una lucha constante con su peso, antes del padecimiento, las personas con dia-betes que tienen un mal control metabólico, suelen bajar de peso no intencional debido a la naturaleza de la condición, pero lo recuperan en cuanto se inicia el tratamiento; se logra un buen control de sus ni-veles de glucosa, además algunos fármacos como la insulina pueden producir incremento en el peso corporal, un gran aumento de peso en un corto pe-riodo de tiempo puede tener un efecto negativo en la imagen corporal y el autoestima de algunas personas con diabetes tipo 1, y sentirse incapaces de controlar su peso, lo que en algunos jóvenes puede ocasionar conductas compensatorias para tratar de regresar ese control sobres su peso, una de las conductas es la omisión o reducción de su dosis de insulina lo que ocasiona pérdida de peso, asociada a complicaciones a corto plazo, tales como la cetoacidosis y largo plazo acelera el desarrollo de complicaciones crónicas propias de la diabetes.
El deterioro de los cuerpos de agua en Jalisco y los posibles riesgos en la salud: El caso de la presa las Rucias en el municipio de Tonalá.
Authors:   Departamento de Ingenierías del Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Corazón-Morales Amaya , Garibay-Alonso Raúl ,   Departamento de Ingenierías del Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Alberto Guzmán Carlos ,   Departamento de Ingenierías del Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara, Astudillo-Sánchez Pablo D ,   Departamento de Ingenierías del Centro Universitario de Tonalá, Universidad de Guadalajara
Published: September 2023

En este trabajo se presentan algunos resultados preliminares del contenido de metales pesados en el agua proveniente de la presa las Rucias, en Tonalá, Jalisco. La presencia de concentraciones - que incluso superan los límites permisibles en aguas residuales - de Pb, Cd y As, indica la posible contaminación con aguas residuales de dicho cuerpo de agua, de acuerdo a las normas establecidas por SEMANAT para aguas residuales. Aunque la presa las Rucias ya no es utilizada para abastecer agua a la región, hay posibilidades de que el agua de la presa aún sea ocupada en actividades de riego menores y en algunos procesos de manufactura, por lo que es necesario tomar algunas acciones de saneamiento al respecto si dichas actividades van a seguir ocurriendo.