bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Search for 843 MHz Radio Emission from Active Stars
Authors: Vaughan A. E. , Large M. I.
Published: July 2016

Known Southern flare stars and RSCVn-like variables are being observed with the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope in an attempt to detect quiescent (non-flaring) emission. Two flare stars out of 7 and one RSCVn out of 8 have been detected. Quiescent emission has not been observed previously from these sources at such a low frequency. All sources so far detected have mean flux densities below 10 mJy and in at least two of them the emission varies with a time scale of about one day.
1452-517: A Giant Radio Galaxy at Low Galactic Latitude
Authors: Jones P. A .
Published: July 2016

As part of a program to investigate southern extragalactic radio sources, the Molonglo Reference Catalogue source 1452-517 has been observed with, the MOST and FST. It was found to have a compact core and broad lobes giving an angular size of around 20 arcmin. Despite the low galactic latitude (b = 6°) a probable identification has been made with a magnitude 18 galaxy indicating a physical size of over 1 Mpc.
Radioastronomy through an Artificial Ionospheric Window—Spacelab 2 Observations
Authors: Ellis G. R. A. , Klekociuk A. , Goldstone G. T. , Medillo Michael
Published: July 2016

Observations of the galactic background radio emission at a number of frequencies between 2.7 MHz and 1.07 MHz were made in association with the plasma depletion experiments of Spacelab-2 to test the concept of making low frequency radio observations through an artificial ionospheric window. Following the Shuttle OMS burn at a time when foF2 was 1.99 MHz, a decrease in the maximum ionospheric electron density of approximately 30% occurred. The first observations of the radio emission at high galactic latitudes with good angular resolution (25 degrees) were obtained during this event.
Observations of 1.91 MHz Echoes from the Magnetic Conjugate Point After Propagation Through a Magneto-ionic Duct
Authors: Goldstone G. T . , Ellis G.R.A.
Published: July 2016

Propagation of 150 μs radio pulses (f= 1.91 MHz) along a magnetospheric field-aligned ionization duct have been observed, under conditions of low ionospheric critical frequency. The echoes, presumably reflected from the ionosphere at the magnetic conjugate point, were received at the transmitting site near Hobart. Positively identified echoes were observed on six separate occasions during periods of moderate solar activity, with delay times of approximately 260 ms, representing a value L = 2.95.
Fall-sown cover crops as mulches for weed suppression in organic small-scale diversified vegetable production
Authors: Bietila Eric , Silva Erin M. , Pfeiffer Anne C. , Colquhoun Jed B.
Published: July 2016

Cover crop-based reduced tillage (CCBRT) has achieved positive impacts in organic row crop systems, contributing to the conservation of soil resources and the facilitation of weed management. This technique, which uses cover crop residues as mulches to suppress weeds, has shown more variable success in organic vegetable production systems. This experiment examined CCBRT for small-scale organic vegetable production in the upper Midwestern USA, specifically evaluating weed suppression, labor inputs and crop yields. Cereal rye (Secale cerealeL.) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) were fall-sown in 2012 and 2013 in a strip-plot design, including control treatments with no cover crop and spring-applied oat straw mulch. Cover crop plots were strip-tilled in mid-April to establish a planting zone, with cover crops terminated in late May at anthesis with a hand-tractor mounted sickle-bar mower. Bell peppers (Capsicum annuumL. var. ‘Revolution’), snap beans (Phaseolus vulgarisL. var. ‘Tavera’), and potatoes (Solanum tuberosumL. var. ‘Red La Soda’) were hand-planted either as transplants or seed in each treatment immediately following cover crop termination. During each summer growing season, weeds were completely eliminated from each plot by hand approximately every 10–14 days, with time for manual weeding recorded for each treatment. Vegetable crop yields and quality were measured at harvest during 2013 and 2014. Cereal rye and winter wheat produced similar biomass at the time of termination. Greater weed biomass was collected in the wheat treatment as compared with the cereal rye, increasing the in-season labor required for manual weeding. Bean yields were decreased in the all CCBRT treatments compared with control treatments in both years of the study. Pepper yields did not differ in CCBRT treatments as compared with the control in both 2012 and 2013, although the CCBRT treatments did yield lower marketable peppers compared with the straw mulch plots. Potato tuber yields were not different in the CCBRT treatments as compared with the control in 2012, but were lower in 2013. These data indicate that, if CCBRT is to be more widely adopted in small-scale vegetable production, further optimization of the system must be achieved to ensure consistent and adequate weed suppression while maintaining crop yield and quality.
The Authorization of Religio-political Discourse: Monks and Buddhist Activism in Contemporary Myanmar and Beyond
Authors: Walton Matthew J. , Jerryson Michael
Published: July 2016

Through the example of contemporary Buddhist nationalist groups in Myanmar, this article draws attention to the cultural authorization of religio-political discourse. The symbolic power of a monk's pronouncements is amplified because of the cultural reverence attached to his vocation as a Buddhist monk, even without doctrinal references or ritual practices. A monk's cultural position within Burmese Buddhism particularly strengthens his authority when he frames his preaching and actions as a defense of Buddhism. Without attention to these cultural institutions and the religious authority they confer, the resonance and influence of monks' words cannot be completely understood. Furthermore, without directly responding to the logic of these authorizing discourses, responses intended to counter the violence emerging from Buddhist nationalism and promote tolerance will be ineffective.
The Right of Access to Justice: Judicial Discourse in Singapore and Malaysia
Authors: Chan Gary K Y
Published: July 2016

This is an essay on judicial discourse in Singapore and Malaysia pertaining to the nature and scope of the right of access to justice, including access to justice for the poor. We will examine the statements and pronouncements by the Singapore and Malaysia judiciary in case precedents and extra-judicial statements. Some of the issues explored include the legal status of this right of access to justice (namely, whether it is a right enshrined in the constitution or merely a right derived from the common law and whether it is qualified by economic and other interests) and the associated rights of legal representation, legal aid and contingency fees.
Keyword Advertising: Challenging the Traditional Concept of “Use” under Malaysian Trade Mark Law
Authors: Tay Pek San
Published: July 2016

Keyword advertising involves the sale of keywords, sometimes comprising the trade marks of others, by search engine providers so that the keyword purchasers' advertisements are triggered as sponsored results whenever Internet users type in any of the keywords as search terms. This method of online advertising is new and novel and has been embraced widely by many businesses. However, its legality, particularly in the sale of keywords comprising the trade marks of others, has been challenged in a number of major jurisdictions. This article examines the approach of the courts in the U.S. and the UK with regard to the practice of keyword advertising with particular emphasis on the concept of “trade mark use.” With these foreign decisions serving as a useful guide, this article analyses and evaluates whether the practice of keyword advertising is legal under Malaysian trade mark law as embodied in the Trade Marks Act 1976.
Impending Amendments to Korean Corporate Laws in 2009: A Mystic Mix
Authors: Jeong Young-Cheol K.
Published: July 2016

The corporate law reform initiatives proposed by the Korean government in 2008 are still pending before the National Assembly. While the Korean government was sympathetic to the arguments by business interests for liberal rules conducive to business organization, these demands have to be weighed against the desire for good corporate governance norms that promote accountability and transparency. Such a tension has unfortunately resulted in internal contradictions and uncertainties in the context of Korea. This article points out the uncertainties that the reform initiatives have left unresolved and the potential for their resolution by the judiciary. More fundamentally, the author argues that, in order to resolve the issues currently left unanswered, there is a need to address the debates regarding the theoretical foundations of the corporation.
Averting Diversity: A Review of Nominations and Appointments to the Philippine Supreme Court (1988-2008)
Authors: Gatmaytan Dante B. , Magno Cielo
Published: July 2016

This paper is an empirical study on the nominations and appointments of Supreme Court Justices during a twenty-year period from 1988, when the Judicial and Bar Council (JBC) was created in the 1987 Philippine Constitution, to 2008. The study examines the profile of individuals nominated by the JBC including their gender, age, geographical origin, academic background, and professional experience. It also explores whether the appointing Presidents display any preferences based on personal characteristics relating the effects of these preferences to the diversity on the Supreme Court. The study indicates that nominees and appointees all hail from the same background. As a result, membership of the Supreme Court is sorely unrepresentative of Philippine society. This study sets the stage for future research that will determine how this lack of diversity on the Supreme Court can affect the resolution of legal issues.
The ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement: Realizing a Regional Community
Authors: Zhong Zewei
Published: July 2016

In recent decades, States have concluded numerous regional investment treaties, even as the feverish growth in bilateral investment treaties worldwide continues apace. This increasing regionalism within international investment law is a double-edged phenomenon. On the one hand, the risks of fragmentation and incoherence increase exponentially as a regional layer is added to the already-messy “spaghetti bowl” of investment treaties. The noble dream of a uniform, multilateralized set of investment-protection standards thus looks ever more unattainable. On the other hand, a regional investment treaty affords an opportunity for a group of States to balance, in a particularistic manner, between investment-related obligations and other non-investment priorities. This essay focuses on the ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement signed in 2009, arguing that it is a region-specific bargain embedded within ASEAN's wider normative and institutional framework. The potential conflicts between ASEAN Member States' investment-related obligations and their commitments under two other regional projects are explored, and recommendations are made as to how arbitral tribunals can manage such conflicts.
A Multilateral Tax Treaty for ASEAN ― Lessons from the Andean, Caribbean, Nordic and South Asian Nations
Authors: Jogarajan Sunita
Published: July 2016

ASEAN member countries recently reiterated and renewed their commitment to creating the ASEAN Economic Community. Tax has a role to play in facilitating the creation of the AEC and ASEAN member countries have committed to completing the intra-ASEAN network of bilateral tax treaties in pursuit of this goal. This paper suggests that instead of continuing with the monumental task of agreeing individual bilateral tax treaties, ASEAN member countries should learn from the experience of other regional blocs and conclude a multilateral tax treaty. The conclusion of a multilateral tax treaty would address the general problems associated with bilateral tax treaties, strengthen ASEAN's presence in international tax relations and symbolise ASEAN's commitment to the creation of the AEC.
Returning a Verdict on the Jury: How the Japanese Have Reacted to the Introduction of a Lay Judge System
Authors: Croydon Silvia A.
Published: July 2016

This article considers the reactions in Japan to the newly introduced quasi-jury system. It illustrates how first-hand experience with jury justice has transformed Japan from a country hostile to that institution to one where it is widely endorsed. This finding undermines the popular notion that Japan's legal culture is incongruous with this democratic institution, and thus augurs well for analogous transitions being made in other East Asian countries with legal traditions similar to that of Japan. Furthermore, it underlines the reasons why those countries in the West that are letting jury trial erode should perhaps think twice about doing so.
Book Review of “Marital Agreements and Private Autonomy in Comparative Perspective”
Authors: Chen Siyuan
Published: July 2016

This book takes a comparative approach to how 14 jurisdictions from around the world deal with pre-nuptial and post-nuptial marital agreements, particularly in relation to financial relations.
Religious Legal Pluralism Revisited – The Status of the Roman Catholic Church and Her Canon Law in Singapore
Authors: Bell Gary F.
Published: July 2016

By religious legal pluralism we usually mean state-recognised legal pluralism, such as the kind of legal pluralism implemented in Singapore through the Administration of Muslim Law Act. But there is also religious legal pluralism outside State recognition and enforcement. Many religions have very long legal traditions which have survived, often without much support or official recognition by States (Jewish law, for example). In this paper we shall look at one such tradition, the canon law of the Latin Church of the Roman Catholic Church and its implementation by the Church in Singapore, including the establishment of very busy ecclesiastical tribunals in Singapore to administer disputes relating to the possible nullity of religious marriages, for example. The hope is that this example of Canon Law in Singapore will show that there can be very detailed and formal religious laws implemented by formal institutions such as tribunals outside the ambit of the State.
Transplantation of Derivative Actions to Vietnam - Tip-offs from Absence of Academic Debate
Authors: Quach Quynh Thuy
Published: July 2016

Derivative actions have just been newly introduced into Vietnamese company law in 2010. The adoption of the derivative action is a striking signal of Vietnam's affiliation with the litigation bandwagon of East Asian countries. Unlike those Asian countries where the issue of the transplanting and functioning of derivative actions are well-discussed topics in the corporate governance literature, such discussions have not yet begun in Vietnam. In fact, the derivative action was adopted without a domestic academic debate to pave the way for its introduction. The lack of discussion on the one hand is troublesome to those who want to review the transplantation of the derivative action to Vietnam. On the other hand, this absence also detaches the Vietnamese academic debate from the on-going international debate on the subject.

Seeking possible explanations for the absence of such debate is the first aim of this article. Towards this end, the article proposes three explanation which help to explain why the derivative action had never been widely discussed in Vietnam before its introduction. Such explanations enable us to better understand the context in which the action was introduced. Moreover, the explanations provide us with hints to predict the feasibility of the derivative action in the jurisdiction. The second aim of this article is to give some suggestions to improve the newly-adopted regulations on derivative actions. For this purpose, some of the ambiguities and deficiencies of the regulations are discussed. Based on the understanding of its surrounding context and its own deficiencies, the article comes up with conclusions on the future of the derivative action in Vietnam.
Reflections on I Just Didn't Do It, the Lay Judge System, and Legal Education in and out of Japan
Authors: Anderson Kent
Published: July 2016

In 2007 the Academy Award winning director ofShall We Dancereleased his new film, a critique of the Japanese criminal justice system from a wrongful conviction perspective. In this article, I use the filmas avehicle to serve three disparate goals. First, I provide the firstlegal critique of the film, a genre of legal scholarship developing over the past 15 years. Second, I use the film to reflect on criminal justice reforms in Japan, in particular the introduction of the Lay Judge System (quasi-jurysaiban-in seido)from 2009. Third, I critically ask whether use of film as a legal text assists or distracts from my primary pedagogical objectives in teaching comparative Japanese law. I conclude with a cautious recommendation ofI Just Didn't Do Itas legal cinema, as a catalyst for reform of the Japanese criminal justice system and as an educational text.
Nangkha Nangdrik in the Land of the Thunder Dragon: Psychology, Religion and the Potential of Mediation in the Kingdom of Bhutan
Authors: Duffy James
Published: July 2016

This article will consider the role that Alternative Dispute Resolution (‘Dham Kha Chen Ki Khendum’ or ‘Nangkha Nangdrik’) currently plays in resolving legal conflict in Bhutan. With a Constitution that has committed to the pursuit of Gross National Happiness, non-adversarial dispute resolution processes that promote continuing relationships and goodwill assume greater importance. One difficulty for Bhutan is that alternative dispute resolution procedures such as mediation (Dhum Drik) are being referred to in enactments of the Bhutanese National Council and National Assembly (bicameral parliament), without a shared understanding as to the characteristics and functionality of these procedures. This article will focus particularly on the current practice of mediation in Bhutan and investigate whether particular models of mediation are more suited to the Bhutanese context, given the particularities of Bhutanese culture, the search for gross national Buddhism.
Cross-Border Gambling and Betting Services Under WTO Disciplines
Authors: Matsushita Mitsuo , Iino Aya
Published: July 2016

Under GATS, Mode I involves the supply of a service from the territory of one Member into the territory of any other Member. Few negotiators of the Uruguay Round would have imagined the significance that this mode has come to acquire, or that on-line gambling service would flourish so much as to raise a dispute between Members of the WTO. As the first precedent on Mode I of GATS, “US-Measures Affecting the Cross-Border Supply of Gambling and Betting Services” contains important suggestive interpretations of Members' Schedules as well as general exceptions of the GATS, including burden of proof. The authors review the reports of the Panel and Appellate Body, and explore the implications of the case beyond GATS.
Respiratorische Allergien bei Kindern und Erwachsenen
Authors: Rothe Thomas , Hoyler Uhlmann Karin
Published: July 2016

Zusammenfassung. Die Möglichkeiten der Diagnostik und Therapie allergischer Erkrankungen der Atemwege hat sich in den letzten Jahren deutlich verbessert. Bei der Abklärung und auch Initiierung einer Therapie ist die Einschaltung des Spezialisten oft hilfreich. Die Indikation zur Immuntherapie sollte möglichst früh gestellt werden, da damit die Erfolgsaussichten steigen.
Augmented Reality Turns a Sandbox into a Geoscience Lesson
Authors: Reed Sarah , Hsi Sherry , Kreylos Oliver , Yikilmaz M. , Kellogg Louise , Schladow S. , Segale Heather , Chan Lindsay
Published: July 2016

Superimposing responsive digital effects onto sand in a sandbox places educators, students, and policy makers in an augmented reality, offering a hands-on way to explore geoscience processes.
2016 Class of AGU Fellows Announced
Authors: Leinen Margaret , Mukasa Sam
Published: July 2016

The American Geophysical Union has chosen 60 new Fellows and will honor them at the upcoming 2016 Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif.
Genetically encoded protein photocrosslinker with a transferable mass spectrometry-identifiable label
Authors: Yang Yi , Song Haiping , He Dan , Zhang Shuai , Dai Shizhong , Lin Shixian , Meng Rong , Wang Chu , Chen Peng R.
Published: July 2016

Coupling photocrosslinking reagents with mass spectrometry has become a powerful tool for studying protein–protein interactions in living systems, but it still suffers from high rates of false-positive identifications as well as the lack of information on interaction interface due to the challenges in deciphering crosslinking peptides. Here we develop a genetically encoded photo-affinity unnatural amino acid that introduces a mass spectrometry-identifiable label (MS-label) to the captured prey proteins after photocrosslinking and prey–bait separation. This strategy, termed IMAPP (In-situ cleavage and MS-label transfer After Protein Photocrosslinking), enables direct identification of photo-captured substrate peptides that are difficult to uncover by conventional genetically encoded photocrosslinkers. Taking advantage of the MS-label, the IMAPP strategy significantly enhances the confidence for identifying protein–protein interactions and enables simultaneous mapping of the binding interface under living conditions.
Protection from Hendra virus infection with Canarypox recombinant vaccine
Authors: Guillaume-Vasselin Vanessa , Lemaitre Laurent , Dhondt Kévin P , Tedeschi Laurence , Poulard Amelie , Charreyre Catherine , Horvat Branka
Published: July 2016

Hendra virus (HeV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen, which causes severe respiratory illness and encephalitis in humans and horses. Since its first appearance in 1994, spillovers of HeV from its natural reservoir fruit bats occur on almost an annual basis. The high mortality rate in both humans and horses and the wide-ranging reservoir distribution are making HeV a serious public health problem, especially for people exposed to sick horses. This study has aimed to develop an efficient low-cost HeV vaccine for horses based on Canarypox recombinant vector expressing HeV glycoproteins, attachment glycoprotein (G) and fusion protein (F). This vaccine was used to immunise hamsters and then challenged intraperitoneally with HeV 3 weeks later. The higher tested dose of the vaccine efficiently prevented oropharyngeal virus shedding and protected animals from clinical disease and virus-induced mortality. Vaccine induced generation of seroneutralising antibodies and prevented virus-induced histopathological changes and a production of viral RNA and antigens in animal tissues. Interestingly, some vaccinated animals, including those immunised at a lower dose, were protected in the absence of detectable specific antibodies, suggesting the induction of an efficient virus-specific cellular immunity. Finally, ponies immunised using the same vaccination protocol as hamsters developed strong seroneutralising titres against both HeV and closely related Nipah virus, indicating that this vaccine may have the ability to induce cross-protection against Henipavirus infection. These data suggest that Canarypox-based vectors encoding for HeV glycoproteins present very promising new vaccine candidate to prevent infection and shedding of the highly lethal HeV.
Nitrous oxide emission related to ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and mitigation options from N fertilization in a tropical soil
Authors: Soares Johnny R. , Cassman Noriko A. , Kielak Anna M. , Pijl Agata , Carmo Janaína B. , Lourenço Kesia S. , Laanbroek Hendrikus J. , Cantarella Heitor , Kuramae Eiko E.
Published: July 2016

Nitrous oxide (N2O) from nitrogen fertilizers applied to sugarcane has high environmental impact on ethanol production. This study aimed to determine the main microbial processes responsible for the N2O emissions from soil fertilized with different N sources, to identify options to mitigate N2O emissions, and to determine the impacts of the N sources on the soil microbiome. In a field experiment, nitrogen was applied as calcium nitrate, urea, urea with dicyandiamide or 3,4 dimethylpyrazone phosphate nitrification inhibitors (NIs), and urea coated with polymer and sulfur (PSCU). Urea caused the highest N2O emissions (1.7% of N applied) and PSCU did not reduce cumulative N2O emissions compared to urea. NIs reduced N2O emissions (95%) compared to urea and had emissions comparable to those of the control (no N). Similarly, calcium nitrate resulted in very low N2O emissions. Interestingly, N2O emissions were significantly correlated only with bacterial amoA, but not with denitrification gene (nirK, nirS, nosZ) abundances, suggesting that ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, via the nitrification pathway, were the main contributors to N2O emissions. Moreover, the treatments had little effect on microbial composition or diversity. We suggest nitrate-based fertilizers or the addition of NIs in NH4+-N based fertilizers as viable options for reducing N2O emissions in tropical soils and lessening the environmental impact of biofuel produced from sugarcane.
Hagfish slime and mucin flow properties and their implications for defense
Authors: Böni Lukas , Fischer Peter , Böcker Lukas , Kuster Simon , Rühs Patrick A.
Published: July 2016

When hagfish (Myxinidae) are attacked by predators, they form a dilute, elastic and cohesive defensive slime made of mucins and protein threads. In this study we propose a link between flow behavior and defense mechanism of hagfish slime. Oscillatory rheological measurements reveal that hagfish slime forms viscoelastic networks at low concentrations. Mucins alone did not contribute viscoelasticity, however in shear flow, viscosity was observed. The unidirectional flow, experienced by hagfish slime during suction feeding by predators, was mimicked with extensional rheology. Elongational stresses were found to increase mucin viscosity. The resulting higher resistance to flow could support clogging of the attacker’s gills. Shear flow in contrast decreases the slime viscosity by mucin aggregation and leads to a collapse of the slime network. Hagfish may benefit from this collapse when trapped in their own slime and facing suffocation by tying a sliding knot with their body to shear off the slime. This removal could be facilitated by the apparent shear thinning behavior of the slime. Therefore hagfish slime, thickening in elongation and thinning in shear, presents a sophisticated natural high water content gel with flow properties that may be beneficial for both, defense and escape.
A novel roseobacter phage possesses features of podoviruses, siphoviruses, prophages and gene transfer agents
Authors: Zhan Yuanchao , Huang Sijun , Voget Sonja , Simon Meinhard , Chen Feng
Published: July 2016

Bacteria in the Roseobacter lineage have been studied extensively due to their significant biogeochemical roles in the marine ecosystem. However, our knowledge on bacteriophage which infects the Roseobacter clade is still very limited. Here, we report a new bacteriophage, phage DSS3Φ8, which infects marine roseobacter Ruegeria pomeroyi DSS-3. DSS3Φ8 is a lytic siphovirus. Genomic analysis showed that DSS3Φ8 is most closely related to a group of siphoviruses, CbK-like phages, which infect freshwater bacterium Caulobacter crescentus. DSS3Φ8 contains a smaller capsid and has a reduced genome size (146 kb) compared to the CbK-like phages (205–279 kb). DSS3Φ8 contains the DNA polymerase gene which is closely related to T7-like podoviruses. DSS3Φ8 also contains the integrase and repressor genes, indicating its potential to involve in lysogenic cycle. In addition, four GTA (gene transfer agent) genes were identified in the DSS3Φ8 genome. Genomic analysis suggests that DSS3Φ8 is a highly mosaic phage that inherits the genetic features from siphoviruses, podoviruses, prophages and GTAs. This is the first report of CbK-like phages infecting marine bacteria. We believe phage isolation is still a powerful tool that can lead to discovery of new phages and help interpret the overwhelming unknown sequences in the viral metagenomics.
Acetylation modification regulates GRP78 secretion in colon cancer cells
Authors: Li Zongwei , Zhuang Ming , Zhang Lichao , Zheng Xingnan , Yang Peng , Li Zhuoyu
Published: July 2016

High glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) expression contributes to the acquisition of a wide range of phenotypic cancer hallmarks and the pleiotropic oncogenic functions of GRP78 may result from its diverse subcellular distribution. Interestingly, GRP78 has been reported to be secreted from solid tumour cells, participating in cell-cell communication in the tumour microenvironment. However, the mechanism underlying this secretion remains elusive. Here, we report that GRP78 is secreted from colon cancer cells via exosomes. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors blocked GRP78 release by inducing its aggregation in the ER. Mechanistically, HDAC inhibitor treatment suppressed HDAC6 activity and led to increased GRP78 acetylation; acetylated GRP78 then bound to VPS34, a class III phosphoinositide-3 kinase, consequently preventing the sorting of GRP78 into multivesicular bodies (MVBs). Of note, we found that mimicking GRP78 acetylation by substituting the lysine at residue 633, one of the deacetylated sites of HDAC6, with a glutamine resulted in decreased GRP78 secretion and impaired tumour cell growth in vitro. Our study thus reveals a hitherto-unknown mechanism of GRP78 secretion and may also provide implications for the therapeutic use of HDAC inhibitors.
Wrinkling Non-Spherical Particles and Its Application in Cell Attachment Promotion
Authors: Li Minggan , Joung Dehi , Hughes Bethany , Waldman Stephen D. , Kozinski Janusz A. , Hwang Dae Kun
Published: July 2016

Surface wrinkled particles are ubiquitous in nature and present in different sizes and shapes, such as plant pollens and peppercorn seeds. These natural wrinkles provide the particles with advanced functions to survive and thrive in nature. In this work, by combining flow lithography and plasma treatment, we have developed a simple method that can rapidly create wrinkled non-spherical particles, mimicking the surface textures in nature. Due to the oxygen inhibition in flow lithography, the non-spherical particles synthesized in a microfluidic channel are covered by a partially cured polymer (PCP) layer. When exposed to plasma treatment, this PCP layer rapidly buckles, forming surface-wrinkled particles. We designed and fabricated various particles with desired shapes and sizes. The surfaces of these shapes were tuned to created wrinkle morphologies by controlling UV exposure time and the washing process. We further demonstrated that wrinkles on the particles significantly promoted cell attachment without any chemical modification, potentially providing a new route for cell attachment for various biomedical applications.
Insights into Population Health Management Through Disease Diagnoses Networks
Authors: Feldman Keith , Stiglic Gregor , Dasgupta Dipanwita , Kricheff Mark , Obradovic Zoran , Chawla Nitesh V.
Published: July 2016

The increasing availability of electronic health care records has provided remarkable progress in the field of population health. In particular the identification of disease risk factors has flourished under the surge of available data. Researchers can now access patient data across a broad range of demographics and geographic locations. Utilizing this Big healthcare data researchers have been able to empirically identify specific high-risk conditions found within differing populations. However to date the majority of studies approached the issue from the top down, focusing on the prevalence of specific diseases within a population. Through our work we demonstrate the power of addressing this issue bottom-up by identifying specifically which diseases are higher-risk for a specific population. In this work we demonstrate that network-based analysis can present a foundation to identify pairs of diagnoses that differentiate across population segments. We provide a case study highlighting differences between high and low income individuals in the United States. This work is particularly valuable when addressing population health management within resource-constrained environments such as community health programs where it can be used to provide insight and resource planning into targeted care for the population served.
Field-induced exciton condensation in LaCoO3
Authors: Sotnikov A. , Kuneš J.
Published: July 2016

Motivated by recent observation of magnetic field induced transition in LaCoO3 we study the effect of external field in systems close to instabilities towards spin-state ordering and exciton condensation. We show that, while in both cases the transition can be induced by an external field, temperature dependencies of the critical field have opposite slopes. Based on this result we argue that the experimental observations select the exciton condensation scenario. We show that such condensation is possible due to high mobility of the intermediate spin excitations. The estimated width of the corresponding dispersion is large enough to overrule the order of atomic multiplets and to make the intermediate spin excitation propagating with a specific wave vector the lowest excitation of the system.
Optical Relaxation Time Enhancement in Graphene-Passivated Metal Films
Authors: Chugh Sunny , Mehta Ruchit , Man Mengren , Chen Zhihong
Published: July 2016

Due to the small skin depth in metals at optical frequencies, their plasmonic response is strongly dictated by their surface properties. Copper (Cu) is one of the standard materials of choice for plasmonic applications, because of its high conductivity and CMOS compatibility. However, being a chemically active material, it gets easily oxidized when left in ambient environment, causing an inevitable degradation in its plasmonic resonance. Here, for the first time, we report a strong enhancement in the optical relaxation time in Cu by direct growth of few-layer graphene that is shown to act as an excellent passivation layer protecting Cu surface from any deterioration. Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements reveal a 40–50% reduction in the total scattering rate in Cu itself, which is attributed to an improvement in its surface properties. We also study the impact of graphene quality and show that high quality graphene leads to an even larger improvement in electron scattering rate. These findings are expected to provide a big push towards graphene-protected Cu plasmonics.
Disulfide bond characterization of endogenous IgG3 monoclonal antibodies using LC-MS: an investigation of IgG3 disulfide-mediated isoforms
Authors: Lakbub Jude C. , Clark Daniel F. , Shah Ishan S. , Zhu Zhikai , Su Xiaomeng , Go Eden P. , Tolbert Thomas J. , Desaire Heather
Published: July 2016

The use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for the manufacture of innovator and biosimilar biotherapeutics has increased tremendously in recent years.
Preparation of a compressible and hierarchically porous polyimide sponge via the sol–gel process of an aliphatic tetracarboxylic dianhydride and an aromatic triamine
Authors: Lee Jeongmin , Chang Ji Young
Published: July 2016

A monolithic microporous polyimide sponge with compressibility and an amphiphilic character was synthesized for use as a soft sorbent material.
Understanding metastable phase transformation during crystallization of RDX, HMX and CL-20: experimental and DFT studies
Authors: Ghosh Mrinal , Banerjee Shaibal , Shafeeuulla Khan Md Abdul , Sikder Nirmala , Sikder Arun Kanti
Published: July 2016

The relative stability of metastable phases of RDX, HMX and CL-20 in solution has been revealed by experimental and DFT studies. Molecular conformation during prenucleation clustering and lattice barrier essentially determines the stability of metastable phases during crystallization.
C2H4 adsorption on Cu(210), revisited: bonding nature and coverage effects
Authors: Amino Shuichi , Arguelles Elvis , Agerico Diño Wilson , Okada Michio , Kasai Hideaki
Published: July 2016

With the aid of density functional theory (DFT)-based calculations, we investigate the adsorption of C2H4 on Cu(210).
Hybrid improper ferroelectricity in SrZrO3/BaZrO3 superlattice
Authors: Zhang Yajun , Wang Jie , Sahoo M. P. K. , Wang Xiaoyuan , Shimada Takahiro , Kitamura Takayuki
Published: July 2016

Enhancement of macroscopic polarization due to the coupling of improper and strain-induced ferroelectricity.
Light induced catalytic intramolecular hydrofunctionalization of allylphenols mediated by porphyrin rhodium(iii) complexes
Authors: Liu Xu , Wang Zikuan , Fu Xuefeng
Published: July 2016

Catalytic intramolecular hydrofunctionalization of allylphenols to heterocyclic compounds mediated by rhodium(iii) porphyrin complexes was described.
Palladium nanoparticles supported on a nickel pyrazolate metal organic framework as a catalyst for Suzuki and carbonylative Suzuki couplings
Authors: Augustyniak A. W. , Zawartka W. , Navarro J. A. R. , Trzeciak A. M.
Published: July 2016

Methanolic reduction of [PdCl2(CH3CN)2] on a [Ni(2,5-di(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)benzenesulfonate)2] metal organic framework gives rise to Pd2+/Pd0 nanocomposites with Suzuki and carbonylative Suzuki heterogeneous catalytic activities.
Anisotropic optical and conductive properties of oriented 1D-nanoparticle thin films made by spray-assisted self-assembly
Authors: Sekar S. , Lemaire V. , Hu H. , Decher G. , Pauly M.
Published: July 2016

We report on the fabrication of oriented anisotropic metal nanoparticle thin films made by Grazing Incidence Spraying (GIS) and on the anisotropic plasmonic properties of the resulting thin films. Gold nanorods of two different aspect ratios and silver nanowires were self-assembled as a uniaxially aligned monolayer with the GIS approach. In particular, we examine the influence of the nanowire/nanorod length and diameter on the degree of ordering determined by electron microscopy pictures. Furthermore, we show that the anisotropy of the optical properties (probed by polarized UV-visible-near infrared spectroscopy) strongly depend on the quality of alignment. The prepared monolayer thin films have an orientation order parameter of up to 0.83 for silver nanowires, which is reflected in an optical anisotropy of 0.57 in the UV-visible and 0.76 in the near infrared through the selective excitation of transverse and longitudinal surface plasmon resonance modes. The electronic transport in oriented silver nanowire monolayers is also shown to be highly directional, with the sheet resistance varying over almost an order of magnitude depending on the transport direction. Such anisotropic conductive plasmonic thin films may find applications in various fields like biochemical sensing, energy transport and harvesting or optoelectronic devices.
Molecular dynamics simulations and modelling of the residue interaction networks in the BRAF kinase complexes with small molecule inhibitors: probing the allosteric effects of ligand-induced kinase dimerization and paradoxical activation
Authors: Verkhivker G. M.
Published: July 2016

The computational analysis of residue interaction networks dissects the allosteric effects of inhibitor-induced BRAF kinase dimerization and paradoxical activation.
Prediction of the dopant activity of chemical compounds against ammonia borane with key descriptors: electronegativity and crystal structures
Authors: Takahashi Keisuke , Nakagawa Yuki , Takahashi Lauren , Isobe Shigehito
Published: July 2016

The support vector machine predicts the desorption and transition temperature of H3NBH3 in CuCl2 and AgCl additives.
Palladium-catalyzed β-(hetero)arylation of α,β-unsaturated valerolactams
Authors: Canterbury Daniel P. , Hesp Kevin D. , Polivkova Jana
Published: July 2016

A method for the palladium-catalyzed arylation of α,β-unsaturated valerolactams is reported.
The next step in precipitation polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide: particle number density control by monochain globule surface charge modulation
Authors: Virtanen O. L. J. , Brugnoni M. , Kather M. , Pich A. , Richtering W.
Published: July 2016

Many applications of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgels necessitate robust control over particle size.
One-pot syntheses of N-(α-fluorovinyl)azole derivatives from N-(diphenylmethylene)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanamine
Authors: Zhang Donghua , Liu Haihua , Zhu Pengcheng , Meng Weidong , Huang Yangen
Published: July 2016

N-(Diphenylmethylene)-2,2,2-trifluoroethanamine acts as a versatile fluorine-containing building block, and from which N-(α-fluorovinyl)azole derivatives were prepared in a one-pot process.
Novolac-derived carbon aerogels pyrolyzed at high temperatures: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Allahbakhsh Ahmad , Bahramian Ahmad Reza
Published: July 2016

Microstructures and conductance performance of novolac-derived carbon aerogels, pyrolyzed at different carbonization temperatures, are investigated.
Hydraulic fracturing in methane-hydrate-bearing sand
Authors: Konno Yoshihiro , Jin Yusuke , Yoneda Jun , Uchiumi Takashi , Shinjou Kazunori , Nagao Jiro
Published: July 2016

Hydraulic fracturing in methane-hydrate-bearing sand can generate laminar fractures and increase the effective permeability.
Investigation of the plasmonic effect in air-processed PbS/CdS core–shell quantum dot based solar cells
Authors: Gonfa Belete Atomsa , Kim Mee Rahn , Zheng Peng , Cushing Scott , Qiao Qiquan , Wu Nianqiang , El Khakani My Ali , Ma Dongling
Published: July 2016

Plasmon enhanced performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells involving Au nanostars, PbS/CdS core–shell QDs and TiO2 nanorod arrays is demonstrated.
Facile synthesis of micrometer-long antimony nanowires by template-free electrodeposition for next generation Li-ion batteries
Authors: Al-Salman R. , Sedlmaier S. J. , Sommer H. , Brezesinski T. , Janek J.
Published: July 2016

High quality Sb nanowires of diameter < 50 nm can be electrodeposited from ionic liquid electrolytes containing GaCl3 and show promising Li-storage characteristics.
Bifunctional resistive switching behavior in an organolead halide perovskite based Ag/CH3NH3PbI3−xClx/FTO structure
Authors: Yoo Eunji , Lyu Miaoqiang , Yun Jung-Ho , Kang Chijung , Choi Youngjin , Wang Lianzhou
Published: July 2016

A simple organolead perovskite based device Ag/CH3NH3PbI3−xClx/FTO exhibits both digital and analog switching memory features.
Temporal Ordering and Speech Identification Abilities
Authors: Malone Russell L.
Published: July 2016

The relationship between auditory temporal ordering ability and speech identification ability was investigated in 30 normal subjects. Two tones, differing in frequency, served as signals for the temporal ordering task. Speech identification ability was measured at various presentation rates by replaying sentences at more rapid speeds than recorded. The speech identification task and the temporal ordering task showed a correlation of 0.08. These results demonstrate no significant relationship between temporal ordering ability, as measured by a two-signal procedure, and speech comprehension in normals.
A Report of Further Impedance Studies of the Acoustic Reflex
Authors: Feldman Alan S.
Published: July 2016

The result of acoustic stimulation of the middle ear muscles was studied using subjects in whom one or the other muscle contraction was known to be ineffective. Otosclerosis presented a condition of an intact pair of muscles but a stapes unresponsive to the contraction of the stapedius muscle. Bell’s Palsy represented a condition of a paralyzed stapedius muscle but an otherwise normal middle ear system. Through surgical intervention the ears of otosclerotic patients were altered by sectioning of the stapedius muscle and insertion of a prosthesis, while in other patients an exploratory tympanotomy verified that the middle ear was without pathology and then one or the other of the middle ear muscles was sectioned. All except one of these instances would eliminate the response of the stapedius muscle only, while the other would only eliminate the tensor tympani response. In each instance of restriction of response of the stapedius muscle the acoustic reflex could not be elicited. On the other hand, when the remainder of the system was intact and only the tensor tympani sectioned, the acoustic reflex appeared normal. These observations would strongly support the contention that the tensor tympani is not responsive to acoustic stimulation.
Auditory Sequence Learning in Children
Authors: Huffman Lois , McReynolds Leija
Published: July 2016

Two procedures were used for training preschool children to emit a three-sequence response to a three-sequence verbal stimulus. For the four children in Group I the verbal stimulus was presented simultaneously with the visual stimulus, whereas the four children in Group II were presented with the verbal stimulus only once preceding the presentation of the visual stimulus. Training was programmed in three phases starting with a single item and gradually increasing to the three-item terminal behavior. Results indicate that the procedures used to train the Group I children were more efficient in terms of number of trials and amount of time required to complete the program.
Phonic Trends in the Writing of Aphasic Patients
Authors: Pizzamiglio Luigi , Black John W.
Published: July 2016

This investigation analysed errors in predictive responses of 18 aphasic subjects, and sought the causes of the errors. Each subject typed 18 words in response to two kinds of stimuli: (a) sentences with the final word lacking; and (b) pictures displayed manually. Results showed that: (a) incorrect predictions were in keeping with the statistics of occurrence in English; (b) vowels were usually predicted where vowels were appropriate, and consonants where consonants were appropriate, and letters pronounced with less sound pressure levels were less likely to be predicted incorrectly; and (c) the most frequent errors occurred in the medial positions of the words. The results also showed that two major causes of the errors were perseveration on recently used letters and anticipation of letters on the remainder of the word.
Chattering free full‐order terminal sliding‐mode control for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic cells
Authors: Mojallizadeh Mohammad Rasool , Badamchizadeh Mohammadali , Khanmohammadi Sohrab , Sabahi Mehran
Published: July 2016

This study presents a new chattering free full‐order terminal sliding‐mode controller (FOTSMC) for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic cells. The proposed system consists of two loops, namely seeking loop and tracking loop. The seeking loop utilises an adaptive perturb and observe method for maximum power point (MPP) searching. Since the accuracy of the seeking loop depends on the tracking loop, a new FOTSMC is used in the tracking loop for tracking the MPP. The proposed control law is continuous, and therefore a chattering free system is achieved. Furthermore, since the derivatives of terms with fractional powers do not exist in the control law, the singularity problem, which exists in traditional terminal sliding‐mode controllers (TSMCs), is avoided. Stability and robustness of the proposed system is presented. In order to evaluate the results of the system, a traditional TSMC is provided. Afterwards, the performance of the control system is verified through simulation and experiment.
Gold-Catalyzed Rearrangement of (Silylcyclopropenyl)methyl Ethers into (Silylmethylene)cyclopropanes
Authors: Hiault Florence , Archambeau Alexis , Miege Frédéric , Meyer Christophe , Cossy Janine
Published: July 2016

Methoxymethyl ethers derived from 2-(dimethylphenylsilyl)cycloprop-1-enyl carbinols undergo gold-catalyzed rearrangement leading to [(Z)-(dimethylphenylsilyl)methylene]cyclopropanes in moderate to high yields with methyl formate as a byproduct. This transformation proceeds by initial regioselective ring opening of the three-membered ring leading to an α-silyl vinyl gold carbenoid. This latter organogold species evolves by 1,5-hydride transfer, which triggers subsequent rearrangement involving loss of methyl formate, 2π-electrocyclization of the resulting allylic cation, and elimination of the metal to regenerate the catalyst.