bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
2798 – Differential Item Functioning of the Chinese Version of the Somatosensory Amplification Scale Among Adolescents Across Grade Levels
Authors: Tam B.K.H. , Wong W.S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Tam et al. (2011)[1] recently reported the invariance of the one-factor model of the Chinese version of the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (ChSAS). The objective of this paper is to further examine the item-level equivalence of the ChSAS in a sample of Chinese adolescents across grade levels.

Methods:

The ChSAS was administered to 500 Chinese adolescents. Differential item functioning (DIF) analysis was performed to identify any uniform and non-uniform differences on the 10 ChSAS items among adolescents across different grade levels.

Results:

After a Bonferroni adjustment of p value (=0.0007, i.e., 0.05/70), results of DIF analyses showed that there is no uniform (all Fs ranging from 0.17–2.15, ps > 0.09) or non-uniform (all Fs ranging from 0.47–1.76, ps > 0.02) difference on the 10 ChSAS items.

Conclusions:

The four different grade level groups used the scale comparably, without showing any difference on item properties. These findings further substantiate the use of ChSAS as a valid and reliable instrument among adolescents across grade levels.
2801 – Effectiveness of Electroacupuncture as Adjunctive Therapy in Relieving Opiate Withdrawal Symptoms Among Methadoe Maintainance Treatment (MMT) Patient: A Single Blinded, Randomized Study
Authors: Mustafa M. , Hasan S.I. , Abd Rashid R. , Mohd Ali A. , Mohd Ishak M.K. , Said M.A. , Habil M.H.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Over the last decades, acupuncture has been seen as an acceptable primary detoxification treatment for opiate dependence, and currently used to relieve the severity of opiate withdrawal symptoms among MMT patient.

Objective:

To investigate the effectiveness of electroacupuncture treatment in reducing opiate withdrawal symptoms among MMT patient.

Method:

This was a pilot study with randomized, single-blinded, and parallel. Recruitment of 22 subjects, 11 in methadone treatment + acupuncture and 11 in methadone treatment without acupuncture. The severity of withdrawal reaction was assessed by Objective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (OOWS) and Subjective Opiate Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) at baseline, third, fifth, seventh, tenth and fourteenth day of treatment.

Result:

One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) comparing the mean scores of the OOWS between treatment and control group has shown at tenth day of treatment p value is 0.026 and at fourteenth day p value is 0.022. One way ANOVA comparing the mean scores of the SOWS between treatment and control groups has shown at tenth day of treatment, p value is 0.015 and at fourteenth day, p value is 0.009.

Conclusion:

The study has shown the promising results, where electroacupuncture treatment had an effectiveness in relieving opiate withdrawal symptoms among MMT patient.
2803 – Dietary Zinc Intake and the Risk of Depression in Middle-Aged Men: A 20-Year Prospective Follow-Up Study
Authors: Lehto S.M. , Ruusunen A. , Tolmunen T. , Voutilainen S. , Kauhanen J. , Tuomainen T.-P.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Zinc is an immunomodulatory trace element suggested to be beneficial in the augmentation of antidepressant therapy. Cross-sectional studies have also demonstrated an association between low dietary zinc intake and depression. However, to the best of our knowledge, no long-term prospective studies have examined the impact of dietary zinc intake on the risk of depression.

Objectives:

To examine whether low dietary zinc in initially depression-free men associated with an increased incidence of depression during a 20-year follow-up.

Methods:

The population-based Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor (KIHD) Study comprised 2641 Finnish men aged 42–61 years. Zinc intake was assessed at baseline by a 4-d food record and was also re-assessed for a random subsample (n = 50) on 1-year follow-up (correlation between assessments 0.68, p < 0.001). Depression was defined as having received a hospital discharge diagnosis of unipolar depressive disorder. The discharge data were derived from the National Hospital Discharge Register in 2010. Individuals who at baseline had elevated depressive symptoms or a history of mental illness were excluded (n = 345).

Results:

Altogether, 2169 (94.5%) participants reached the Finnish zinc RDI for men (9 mg/day), and 58 (2.5%) received a depression diagnosis during the 20-year follow-up. in Cox regression analysis adjusted for age, smoking, alcohol use, energy expenditure, dietary supplement use and education years, the energy-adjusted zinc intake was not associated with depression (RR 1.01, 95% CI 0.95–1.09).

Conclusions:

A low dietary zinc intake may not induce an increased depression risk in middle-aged men.
2805 – Mapping Conceptual Frames of Healthy Acculturative Self: A Positive Multicultural Psychiatry Perspective
Authors: Lee S.B.
Published: July 2013

Objective:

To conceptualize the characteristics or traits of healthy acculturative self in a global and multicultural society. The self needs to be recapitulated in terms of globally adapting and dynamically changing environment.

Methods:

A meta-analytic method is applied to this study by reviewing research papers, 1990 to 2012, via academic search engines, in the following key words: acculturation and health/self/personality/ identity. Also. the concept of “scientific analogy” (Gentner, 1983, 2003, 2010) is employed.

Results:

Six conceptual frames of healthy acculturative self are summed up as conceptual templates or modules.

1.

Resilient Self: The resilient self has the capacity to make best use of resource and to cope with emerging stressors and life crises during acculturation.

2.

Globally Adapting Self: The self is able to adapt oneself to globally changing environment.

3.

Holistic and Synchronistic Self: The self is able to comprehend cultural information of the past, in the present mode, as one actively confronts culturally different situations.

4.

Optimistic Self: The self strives to achieve one's goals and is able to overcome depression or life frustration.

5.

Spirituality-oriented Self: The self is open to other religious values or differences as one positively appreciates other religious values as well as tolerates diverse religious systems and world views.

6.

Multicultural Personality-oriented Self: The self is sensitive enough to learn culturally diverse life-styles or values.

Conclusion:

The conceptual categories of healthy acculturative self are recommended to be used as meta-cognitive maps when mental health professionals and cultural psychiatrists conduct psychiatric assessment and diagnosis.
2807 – Challenges in Cross-Cultural Application of Psychiatric Self-Reported Tools
Authors: Mammadova F. , Sultanov M. , Hajiyeva A. , Aichberger M. , Heinz A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

To contribute to cross-cultural studies, the research used the special cultural context in the Azerbaijani urban population. Despite often being bilingual and speaking two languages (Azerbaijani and Russian), this Azerbaijani urban population were divided into two distinctive language groups with either Azerbaijani or Russian as the first language. A selfreported Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) is established to be a reliable and valid measure for assessment of depressive symptoms, applicable cross-culturally.

Materials and methods:

ZSDS was translated into Azerbaijani and Russian. Two pilot studies on small samples (n = 30 and n = 45) conducted to improve the scale's acceptability. Reliability study was conducted on a bigger sample of depressed subjects (n = 55) and healthy controls (n = 120). Chronbach's alpha for the total scale, Item-test correlations, alpha if item deleted, and sensitivity and specificity at various cut-off levels were calculated.

Results:

Drop-out rate was 83.3% at the first pilot study due to pure comprehension of item 5 and culturally unacceptable wording of item 6. After rewording of the items drope-out reduced to 20% on the second pilot study. on the reliability study Chronbach's alpha for the total scale was 0.8727, and item-test correlations for the most individual items were satisfactory. An optimal cut-off point was 45 pints with sensitivity = 90.91%, specificity = 80.83%.

Conclusions:

Reliability of the Zung Self-Reported Depression Scale improved cultural acceptability of the scale in the particular Azerbaijani population context.
2808 – A Review of the Interplay Between Tuberculosis and Mental Health
Authors: Doherty A.M. , Kelly J. , McDonald C. , O’Dwyer A.M. , Keane J. , Cooney J.M.
Published: July 2013

Objective:

Tuberculosis and mental illness share common risk factors including homelessness, HIV positive serology, alcohol/ substance abuse and migrant status leading to frequent co-morbidity. We sought to generate a comprehensive literature review that examines the complex relationship between tuberculosis and mental illness.

Methods:

A literature search was conducted in MedLine, Ovid and Psychinfo, with further examination of the references of these articles. 316 articles were identified. It was not possible to conduct a formal meta-analysis due to the absence of randomised controlled data.

Results:

Rates of mental illness of up to 70% have been identified in tuberculosis patients. Medications used in the treatment of common mental illnesses may have significant interactions with anti-tuberculosis agents, especially isoniazid and increasingly linezolid. Many medications used in the treatment of tuberculosis can have significant adverse psychiatric effects; others such as rifampicin may reduce the effective doses of anti-psychotics by their enzyme-inducing actions. Mental illness and substance abuse may also affect treatment concordance, with consequences for public health.

Conclusion:

Due to the common co-morbidity of mental illness and tuberculosis, it is important that both psychiatrists and physicians are aware of the potential for interactions between the drugs used to treat tuberculosis and psychiatric conditions.
2811 – Personality and Body Image Disorders in Cosmetic Surgery Settings: Prevalence, Comorbidity and Evaluation of their Impact on Post-Operative Patient's Satisfaction
Authors: Dakanalis A. , Di Mattei V.E. , Zanetti A.M. , Clerici M. , Madeddu F. , Riva G. , Lanfranchi L. , Baruffaldi Preis F.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Based on clinical impressions personality disorders (PDs) and psychiatric disorders characterized by body image disorder (BID) have been suggested to be relatively common in cosmetic surgery settings and closely associated with patient's post-operative dissatisfaction despite technically satisfactory surgical results, leading to problems for both patients and surgeons.

Aims:

The study investigated the prevalence and the comorbidity between BID and PDs in patients seeking cosmetic surgery, as well as the impact of the following clinical variables on patient's post-operative dissatisfaction: number of pathological personality traits, severity of body uneasiness and worries about particular body parts and intensity of these concerns.

Methods:

Two hundred fifty patients scheduled for profile, breast and body contouring cosmetic surgery from two Italian hospitals (90% F; Mage = 31.5 ± 4.0) completed the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ (PDQ-4) before surgery and a measure of patient satisfaction 13 months after surgery.

Results:

18.9% of subjects, had at least 1 PD (cluster B and C's in particular). Using the BUT cut-off score as a marker of clinical significance, 48.8% of subjects had a BID, and all PD patients showed comorbidity with BID. The number of pathological personality traits, the severity of body uneasiness and the intensity of worries about body parts showed a predictive power on patients’ post-operative dissatisfaction.

Conclusion:

PDs and BID are common in cosmetic surgery settings. Our data suggest also that a thorough pre-operative clinical assessment may allow the pre-operative identification of patients with low levels of post-operative satisfaction.
2821 – Dopamine D2/3 Receptor Availability and Human Cognitive Impulsivity: A High-Resolution Pet Imaging Study with [11C]Raclopride
Authors: Kim J.-H. , Son Y.-D. , Kim H.-K. , Lee S.-Y. , Kim Y.-B. , Cho Z.-H.
Published: July 2013

Introduction and objectives:

: Human impulsivity is a complex multidimensional construct encompassing cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects. Previous animal studies have suggested that striatal dopamine receptors play a critical role in impulsivity. in this study, we investigated the relationship between self-reported cognitive impulsiveness and dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in striatal subdivisions in healthy subjects using high-resolution positron emission tomography (PET) with [11C]raclopride.

Methods:

Twenty-one participants completed 3-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and high-resolution PET scans with [11C]raclopride. The trait of impulsiveness was measured using the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11). Partial correlation analysis was performed between BIS-11 scores and D2/3 receptor availability in striatal subregions, controlling for the confounding effects of temperament characteristics that are conceptually or empirically related to dopamine, which were measured by the Temperament and Character Inventory.

Results:

The analysis revealed that the non-planning (p = 0.004) and attentional (p = 0.007) impulsiveness subscale scores on the BIS-11 had significant positive correlations with D2/3 receptor availability in the pre-commissural dorsal caudate. There was a tendency toward positive correlation between non-planning impulsiveness score and D2/3 receptor availability in the post-commissural caudate.

Conclusions:

These results suggest that cognitive subtrait of impulsivity is associated with D2/3 receptor availability in the associative striatum that plays a critical role in cognitive processes involving attention to detail, judgment of alternative outcomes, and inhibitory control.
2822 – Impulsivity and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Symptoms Among Female Patients with Obesity
Authors: Karaahmet E. , Altinbas K. , Sen H. , Gunes F. , Bakim B. , Konuk N.
Published: July 2013

Aim:

The relationship between obesity and Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) has been studied in recent years. It was indicated that the proportion of ADHD in children with obesity was high and body mass index (BMI) of children with ADHD was also higher than healthy controls [1]. Impulsivity as a trait was found to be associated with obesity and predictor of future weight gain among children with obesity (2,3). From here, we aim to evaluate the impulsivity and ADHD symptoms among adults with obesity.

Methods:

32 female patients with obesity (BMI>30) who admitted to the diet clinic of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Medical Faculty were recruited for the study. ADHD symptoms were evaluated with Wender Utah Rating Scale(WURS) while impulsivity was measured with Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS).

Results:

Mean age, BMI, WURS and BIS scores of the patiens were 35.3 ± 10.8 years, 39.2 ± 6.2 kg., 35.8 ± 19.2 and 61.3 ± 10.4, respectively. 42.3% of the patiens had child and adolescent ADHD symptoms and one third still had ADHD symptoms in adulthood (12.5% inattentive, 9.4% hyperactive-impulsive, 6.2% combined). BIS total(p+0.003), BIS attention(p < 0.01) and self control(p = 0.004) sub-item scores were positively correlated with WURS total scores.

Discussion:

Our findings were consistent the literature that patients with obesity were more impulsive than healthy controls(4).

Conclusion:

ADHD and impulsivity might have implications for weight regulation. Our findings may provide a frame work for future studies with bigger sample sizes aiming to detect the relationship between impulsivity and ADHD symptoms in patients with obesity.
2854 – Depression, Anxiety and Anger in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Erdem M. , Balikci A. , Keskin U. , Bozkurt Zincir S. , Gülsün M. , Özçelik F. , Akgül E.Ö. , Akarsu S. , Öztosun M. , Ergün A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

PCOS is a syndrome of the heterogeneous nature, affecting multiple systems, particularly the endocrine system. We propose to investigate the possible relationships among hormonal changes, levels of anxiety, depression, and anger in patients with PCOS.

Method:

Fourty four female patients with PCOS and 44 BMI (Body Mass Index)-matched healthy women participated in this study. We measured the sociodemographic features, some serum hormonal levels (insulin, gonadotropins, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), TSH, T3, T4, 17 OH-Progesterone, total and free testosterone) and some other biochemical parameters of the participants. Also, all participants completed Trait Anger-Anger Expression Scale (STAS), Beck Depression and Beck Anxiety Inventories.

Results:

The mean ages of the patients with PCOS and control subjects were 27.3 ± 5.6 and 27.4 ± 6.1 years, respectively. The measures of BMI, insulin, LH, DHEAS, and total testosterone serum levels in the patient group were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). There was statistically significant positive correlation between BAI scores and DHEAS levels. We found significant differences between two groups in terms of trait anger, anger control, anger outward and inward, anxiety level and depression scores (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Anxiety symptoms indicate stronger relationship compared to the depression with the DHEAS serum levels via autonomic nervous system, considering GABA antagonistic effect of DHEAS. Obesity, hirsutism, and infertility may reduce selfconfidence, and create depressive symptoms in patients with PCOS. in addition, changes in the hormonal levels may lead to anxiety directly. Possibly, depressive symptoms are a secondary reflection of these changes.
2856 – Tramadol Dependence in a Patient with no Previous Substance History
Authors: Ben Ammar H. , Jomli R. , Rihab E. , Moula O. , Bouasker A. , Ghachem R.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Tramadol, initially introduced in Germany in 1977, is a synthetic analgesic and appears to have a dual mechanism of action; a weak μ-opioid receptor agonism and a reuptake inhibition of serotonin and noradrenaline. It is marketed in Tunisia since 2001. Generally, Tramadol is considered to have a very low risk of dependence and abuse, but rare cases of tramadol dependence have been described in patients without prior substance abuse history. We describe one such case in a relatively young, otherwise healthy patient.

Case report:

Mr AR, a 47-year-old man, presented to get help with tramadol addiction. He had no previous history of illicit drug use, did not smoke cigarettes or drank alcohol.

Mr AR was started on tramadol treatment about 2 years earlier for back pain. He did have better pain control with tramadol, but he gradually started taking more and more. Ultimately, his pain resolved but he was unable to stop taking tramadol: he was taking up to 1700 mg/d of tramadol and had made multiple efforts to stop. When he stopped taking tramadol, he had dysphoria, muscle cramps, anxiousness, restlessness, and a sensation of insects crawling all over his body. His withdrawal symptoms were severe enough to interfere with his work and family life.

Conclusion:

Tramadol dependence is very rare but can happen in a patient without substance abuse history. We, as medical practitioners, should be open to the possibility of tramadol dependence and should resort to optimal and judicious use of such a substance.
2870 – Diabete and Schizophrenia: Retrospective Study
Authors: Ennaoui R. , Jomli R. , Zgueb Y. , Ouertani A. , Nacef F.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Type II diabetes is more common in patients with schizophrenia than in the general population. Although disorders of glucose metabolism have been described in patients with schizophrenia before the introduction of atypical antipsychotics, a diabetogenic effect of these has been implicated.

Objectives:

The aims of our study were to:

-

assess the prevalence of diabetes in a population of patients with schizophrenia.

-

determine the relationship between diabetes, atypical antipsychotics and schizophrenia.

Patients and methods:

This is a retrospective study of 60 patients with schizophrenia. Data collection was done based on patient records.

Results:

The majority of patients were male with a sex ratio of 2. The average age of our patients was 38 years. 40% of patients (25) had diabetes. 33% of patients were put under an atypical anti psychotic. The diagnosis of diabetes succeeded that of schizophrenia in 40% of cases.

Conclusion:

Our results indicate that patients with schizophrenia are more likely to develop type II diabetes. We caution clinicians to consider the risk and be vigilant about this development.
2874 – Lessons From The Past: A Historical Case Study on Successful Cooperation Between Official Politics and Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Kurimay A.
Published: July 2013

The recently recovered documents of the Hungarian Experimental Criminology Department that operated during the brief life of Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919 attests to a striking example of granting a leading role to psychiatrists and psychologists in reforming law and order. Albeit it only lasted for a brief period but the case of Hungary illustrates how mental health professionals could obtain a considerable influence over official understanding of crime and the treatment of criminals. The aim of the paper is to provide a historical case study of the relationship between the medical community (knowledge creators and practitioners of psychiatry and psychology) and politicians and governmental officials. The paper will demonstrate how due to wide dissemination of medical knowledge among leading governmental personnel Hungarian authorities came to believed that although queers (people of non-normative sexual and gender behaviour) might have broken existing laws, with necessary empathy the majority of sexual “abnormals” could and should be rehabilitated into a heteronormative lifestyle. The vanguard official implementation of conceptualizing non-normative gender and sexual behaviour as curable defects of personal and societal psychological health, which was radical view at this time, offers a historical example of mental health professionals effectively shaping governmental policies.
2881 – The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide: A French Version of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire
Authors: Siefert-Boukaidi M. , Jover F. , Staccini P. , Pringuey D. , Benoit M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

The role of social factors in suicidal behaviour is long established. There is growing evidence supporting the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS), as developed by Joiner et al., which postulates that two psychological dimensions linked to thwarted fundamental interpersonal needs, perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness are linked to the onset of suicidal desire. The Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) has been designed to assess those dimensions for use in research on the aetiology of suicidal behaviour and as a component of risk assessment in clinical settings. There is currently no available French version.

Aims:

Our objective was to provide a French adaptation of the INQ. We translated the INQ, and then examined the construct validity of INQ-F in a clinical setting.

Methods:

The INQ was translated and administered to 50 patients admitted for suicide attempt or suicidal ideation. Scales with validated French versions were used to assess the following dimensions: suicide risk (Ducher Suicide Risk Assessment Scale (RSD), depression (BDI-SF and MADRS), hopelessness (Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and social vulnerability (EPICES).

Results:

INQ-F was significantly correlated with suicide risk (rho= .737, p < .001), depression, hopelessness and social isolation. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = .9137).

Conclusions:

Our results support the construct validity of the INQ-F, although complementary studies are needed to further establish it, as well as the relevance of the ITS for suicide risk assessment in clinical settings.
2894 – Effect of Antipsychotic Use Disorder on Metabolic Parameters in Patients with First-Episode Psychosis
Authors: Erdem M. , Zincir S. , Bozkurt Zincir S. , Bilgen A.E. , Koçer M.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Because of the different receptor profiles, atypical antipsychotics are known to cause metabolic changes such as increased weight gain, type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia,.

Aim:

In this study, we aimed to observe metabolic side effects of drug use of patients receiving antipsychotic medication in first-episode psychotic disorder.

Methods:

49 male patients who were hospitalized at Gulhane Military Medical Academy Psychiatry Department with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder according to DSM-IV criteria between May 2011–2012 were included in the study. Blood lipid profiles and liver and renal function tests of the patients before treatment and after 8 weeks of treatment were evaluated.

Results:

Of the patients participating in the study of 16 were using olanzapine, 15 risperidone, 6 quetiapine, 5 aripiprazole and 7 haloperidol. There was no statistically significant difference between patients before and after treatment in terms of blood lipid profile, the liver and kidney functions. There was also no significant difference according to the antipsychotic drug used.

Conclusions:

In studies with long-term follow-up of 6 months or 1 year or a short-term follow-up as 1 month with atypical antipsychotics these values usually seems to have changed. As a result of 2-month follow-up at our study, patients that were being treated with atypical antipsychotics have not shown any changes in the metabolic values.
2905 – Comparison of Psychological Hardiness with Mental Health Among Male & Female Students
Authors: Ahmadi Gatab T. , Vahedi Ghajari A.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Psychological hardiness is one of the powerful personality characteristics individuals posses that can help them improve their ability to cope with illness and external pressures. Some researchers considered psychological hardiness as a general criterion for mental health. That is, hardiness can depict a total outcome of mental health in individuals.

Aim:

The present study aimed at comparing psychological hardiness with mental health among students in Paym-e-noor University in the city of Babol, Iran.

Methodology:

A causal-comparative (ex post facto) design was used to carry out this research. All students studying in Babol Payam-e-noor University in academic year 2012–2013 were involved in the statistical population of the research. 200 students were selected through simple random sampling. Tools of this research were both Hardiness and Mental Health Questionnaires used to analyze data with SPSS software.

Findings:

Results showed a significant difference between psychological hardiness and mental health variables among male and female students. The mean score of illness criteria in male students was significantly higher than that of in female students. Also, the mean score of psychological hardiness variable in female students was higher than that of in male students.

Discussion:

Psychological hardiness is one of the powerful personality characteristics individuals posses that can help them improve their ability to cope with illness and external pressures. Some researchers considered psychological hardiness as a general criterion for mental health. That is, hardiness can depict a total outcome of mental health in individuals.
2906 – Relationship of Job-Related Stress to the Big Five Personality Factors Among Personnel in Shaid Beheshti Hospitalin Yasuj, Iran
Authors: Jafari L. , Ahmadi Gatab T. , Vahedi Ghajari A. , Babazadeh Bora O. , Mortezazadeh Tori Z.
Published: July 2013

Introduction and aim:

Job-related stress is considered a main factor to cause illness resulting in increaseing nurses’ absence from work. This study investigated the relationship of job-related stress in nursing career to the big five personality factors in personnel in Shahid Beheshti hospital in Yasuj, Iran.

Methodology:

A correlative study was conducted with statistical population of all nursing personnel in Shahid Beheshti hospital in Yasuj. 83 nurses working in the hospital were randomly selected to form the statistical sample.

Findings:

Results revealed no significant positive link between Neo personality traits and job-related stress, death-related stress, conflict with doctors, problems with colleagues, problems with supervisors, amount of work, lack of confidence in treatments, patient and their families -related stress and discrimination-related stress whereas a significant positive relationship between the lack of adequately emotional intelligence and neuroticism- two neo personality factors- (P = 018 and R = 259)was observed. Results of regression analysis indicated that neuroticism could only predict one of the job-related stress (i.e. lack of adequately emotional intelligence) (β = 259). This variable explained only 0.05% variance of nurses’ job-related stress. Also, no prediction could be made by considering factors such as introversion-extroversion, openness, dutifulness as associated with job-related stress in nurses while agreeability could affect the prediction of problems with colleagues-related stress(β = 364),which determined 12% of total variance.

Conclusion:

Results have shown that nurses’ score is at the higher level than mean regarding stress related to lack of confidence in treatments, which can be mitigated through workshops and scheduled and applicable training programs.
2914 – Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents
Authors: Apter A.
Published: July 2013

The presentation will attempt to critically assess the various treatment modalities for child and adolescent depression including biological, psychological and social therapies. There will be an emphasis on personalizing treatment both as regards pharmaco-and psycho therapy. An attempt will be made to predict where the next advances will come from
2915 – Mapping the Psychophysiological Baseline Parameters for Moderate and Problematic Alcohol Use: Does the Contribution of Endogenous Ethanol Synthesis Matter at all?
Authors: Welcome M.O. , Pereverzev V.A.
Published: July 2013

One of the most important concerns about alcohol harm is on the psychophysiological sphere, especially in conditions of longterm alcohol use. in fact this remains a very important concern to alcohol users too. Hence, indices of psychophysiological functions could well serve the most important indicators for defining “moderate” and “problematic” level of use. While up-todate definition of moderate alcohol use varies across scientific studies, there is a growing need for unification and guidelines for unit specification. The different concentrations of endogenous synthesized ethanol in different categories of people also compound the problem of guideline unification, besides differences in the definition of endogenous synthesis. in this study we analyze the range of values for moderate and problematic alcohol use, based on solid and flexible psychophysiological parameters. We also analyze the frequency and number of peer-reviewed literature (in scientific databases) defining moderate, and problematic use, and non-alcohol use, and their corresponding dose classification. The results of this study show that cells are very sensitive to slight increase in endogenous alcohol (caused by increased endogenous and exogenous intake or variations in internal and external milieu). The resultant effect is the remodeling of physiological functions of the cells; both intracellular and extracellular signaling mechanisms are affected. Physiological cellular changes resulting from increase in both intracellular and extracellular ethanol concentration will serve a useful criterion for formulating moderate threshold of exogenous ethanol.
2932 – Natural Social Network Project: One for All and All for One
Authors: Papagni S.A. , Grosso A. , Puglisi R. , De Matteis A. , De Giorgi S.
Published: July 2013

Introduction:

Most users of psychiatric services shows jointly clinical severity, disability and marginalization so complex that it can not be answered fully only within the same services.

Objectives:

Within the Mental Health Department of Lecce, in the Mental Health Center of Casarano it is started the Natural Social Network Project “One for all and all for one” aimed to provide a more adequate response to the needs of these patients.

Methods:

It will be identified patients with most psychosocial problems according to frequency of hospitalizations, emergency visits and rating scales (Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Life Skills Profile and Short Form 36 Health Survey). Then it will be identified with the patient a “facilitator”, or a person outside the CSM and longer fit into the everyday life of the patient (eg, relatives, friends, etc..). After that, the various parties involved (doctor, nurse, facilitator and user) agree an individual program based on which we make a psychoeducational path. The process will be checked quarterly with the presence of all the parties involved and monitored monthly or on the basis of needs.

Results:

After one trial year it is expected a substantial improvement by the patient in the satisfaction of his needs and more generally in his rehabilitation.
2947 – Suicide Prevention Through Internet Based Mental Health Promotion: The Supreme Project
Authors: Hadlaczky G. , Carli V. , Sarchiapone M. , Värnik A. , Balázs J. , Germanavicius A. , Hamilton R. , Wasserman D. , Masip C.
Published: July 2013

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the third leading cause of death among people aged below 25. Mental health promotion is a central aspect of the battle against suicide and mental ill-health. The internet and the media are effective tools for disseminating information and education to adolescents and improving their mental health and well-being. in 2011 there were 2.1 billion Internet users world-wide. in a random sample of over 3000 American adults, it was found that 58% of the Internet users reported searching for health information for themselves (Atkinson et al. 2009).

The main objective of the SUPREME project is to develop a website aimed at mental health promotion and to investigate its efficacy. A secondary goal is to compare two different strategies for promoting the use of the website: one where peers are the main promoters and another with mental health professionals. The study is partly funded by the EACH and comprises 7 European countries: Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, Lithuania and Sweden.

Adolescents in this study approached in a random sample of schools, in each participating country, yielding a total of 2100 participants. The schools were randomized into control (minimal intervention), and intervention conditions (minimal intervention + website access). Pre-, post- and follow-up measures are used to test the efficacy of the intervention. Each intervention school is also randomized into peer and pro dissemination groups for comparison of recruitment efficiency. Preliminary results are presented.
2952 – Treatment Effects on Mood Instability in Adult ADHD
Authors: Asherson P.
Published: July 2013

ADHD is a common developmental disorder with onset in childhood that persists into adulthood in two-thirds of cases. The disorder is defined by symptoms of inattention, overactivity and impulsivity; however case-control, family and twin studies all find high rates of emotional lability that strongly co-vary with the core ADHD syndrome. 80% or more of adults with ADHD report significant levels of emotional lability, often severe, and causing impairments beyond that accounted for by inattention, hyperactivity or impulsivity. Drug treatments for ADHD have all been shown to improve symptoms of emotional lability. in children, a robust effect of methylphenidate has been demonstrated on aggression, although this has not been linked directly to the control of emotional symptoms. in contrast, the adult literature has focused more on emotional dysregulation, including affective lability, temper control and emotional over-reactivity. All these symptoms have been shown to improve following treatment with methylphenidate or atomoxetine, and to the same extent as core ADHD symptoms. Characterising the nature of the emotional symptoms in ADHD more detail, we found an increase in negative emotions such as frustration, anger and irritability, as well as an increase in their moment-to-moment variability. We conclude that patients with chronic forms of emotional instability should always be screened for ADHD, due to proven effectiveness of available treatments in the subgroup of emotionally labile patients who meet clinical criteria for ADHD.
2954 – Evidence Based Treatments for Eating Disorders
Authors: Treasure J.
Published: July 2013

2004 there have been other reviews on specific treatments (forms of psychotherapy Cochrane review)_ and (medication World Biological Psychiatry).

In essence however the gist of treatment for eating disorders has not altered over the last 10 years. Involving the family is helpful as an early intervention for anorexia nervosa. It is possible that interventions with several families seen together may be more cost effective.

Less is known about which form of treatment is most helpful for those with a more chronic, adult form of illness. Common factors may be relevant as no form of therapy has found robust advantages over another.

CBT is effective for about 50% of cases of bulimia and the addition of medication and self directed treatment may increase the remission rate. A similar pattern is apparent for binge eating disorder. More evidence is becoming available on guided self directed care which aside of the advantages of lower cost and transferability appears to have benefits for long term effects even for those with complex presentations. The results of several RCTs are due to be disseminated. Also more brain based interventions are being tried.
2960 – Importance of Physical Health in The Long-Term Management of Bipolar I Disorders
Authors: De Hert M.
Published: July 2013

Bipolar I disorder is associated with a number of physical health concerns and a higher prevalence of eating, anxiety, and substance abuse disorders compared with the general population. in addition, patients are prone to exhibit risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, and type 2 diabetes.1 Moreover, pharmacotherapy has been linked to metabolic abnormalities that may exacerbate the physical health risk factors and comorbidities prevalent in patients with bipolar disorder.

Choosing an initial treatment regimen that takes into account the significant physical health risks associated with bipolar disorder may minimise the subsequent common problem of polypharmacy and may reduce the side-effect burden associated with the disease. Regular monitoring of physical health in the months after initiating pharmacotherapy is essential in preventing and correctly managing comorbidities. Clinicians should gain a comprehensive insight into patient lifestyle choices and should, as part of preventative care, choose treatments according to individual patient risk profiles. If required, clinicians should make recommendations to specialists or facilities offering therapies to minimise key risk factors.2

This presentation will review the physical health risks associated with bipolar disorder and with chronic exposure to pharmacotherapy. Because practice guidelines recommend regular physical health monitoring in patients with bipolar disorder, this presentation will discuss approaches to incorporate regular monitoring in routine clinical practice.
2961 – Achieving Symptom Stability for Patients with Bipolar I Disorder
Authors: Vieta E.
Published: July 2013

The choice of pharmacotherapy for the treatment of bipolar I disorder should balance acute efficacy and long-term effectiveness with minimal side effects. During acute treatment, the primary goal is rapid stabilisation of symptoms, whereas the goal for the long-term management of bipolar I disorder should include relapse prevention, maintenance of a stable mood, and minimise risk of comorbid conditions.1

Despite the shift in treatment goals between the acute and the maintenance phase, if a patient responds well to the agent used in the acute phase, this agent frequently will be continued in the maintenance phase. However, achieving continued stability may collide with the goals of minimising the adverse-effect burden associated with treatment, and the subsequent goal of improving patient functioning and quality of life. Sometimes, changing medication regimens may help achieve a balance between efficacy and side-effect burden. However, switching may also be associated with an increased risk of destabilisation. Evidence has shown that patients with bipolar I disorder often have a predominant episode polarity, which is a predictor of treatment response.2 Therefore, when assessing long-term treatment options, consideration should be given from the outset to the available clinical evidence for preventing the recurrence of mood episodes, as well as the predominant polarity of the patient.3

Because patient polarity plays an important role in the success of pharmacotherapy, this presentation will review the concept of predominant polarity in clinical practice and discuss the potential value of considering a drug's polarity index in the development of individualised long-term treatment regimens.
2984 – Disorders Specifically Associated with Stress
Authors: Maercker A.
Published: July 2013

Mental disorders specifically associated with stress are exceptional in requiring external events as causes of psychiatric symptoms in order to arrive at a diagnosis. The field is characterised by lively debates, including about the extent to which human suffering should be medicalised and the purportedly inflationary expansion of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnoses. The ICD-11 Working Group on this topic was asked to review scientific evidence and other information on use, clinical utility, and experience with relevant ICD-10 diagnoses in various health care settings; to review proposals for the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-5 and consider how these may be suited for global applications; and to assemble proposals for ICD-11 with a focus on improving clinical utility. The Working Group has recommended a separate grouping of ‘Disorders Specifically Associated with Stress’ for ICD-11, rather than combining them with anxiety disorders as in ICD-10 or DSM-IV. Disorders Specifically Associated with Stress have two key characteristics: 1) they are identifiable based on psychopathology that differs from other mental disorders; and 2) they arise in specific association with a stressful event or series of events. For each disorder in the grouping, the stressor is a necessary, though not sufficient, causal factor. The stressor may range from negative life events within the normal range of experience (in the case of adjustment disorder) to traumatic stressors of exceptional severity (in the case of PTSD and Complex PTSD).
2993 – Is Mindfullness An Evidence-Based Treatment?
Authors: Bondolfi G.
Published: July 2013

Derived from ancient Buddhist and Yoga practices, mindfulness is a mental state characterized by nonjudgmental awareness of the present moment experience while encouraging openness, curiosity, and acceptance. This skill can be learned through practice, and has be integrated in different clinical approaches.

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) is a structured group programme conceived to alleviate suffering associated with physical, psychosomatic and psychiatric disorders.

A systematic review of RCTs on MBSR supports that this approach improves mental health in non-clinical and clinical populations. in clinical populations with psychiatric disorders, MBSR has some benefit as it reduces symptoms of distress, anxiety and depression or teaches patients coping skills to handle these symptoms.

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), which is an adaptation of the MBSR programme, incorporates elements of cognitive therapy to prevent depressive relapse. Meta-analysis indicate that MBCT is an effective intervention for relapse prevention in patients with recurrent major depressive disorder in remission, at least in case of three or more previous episodes. Moreover, in two studies, MBCT was at least as effective as maintenance antidepressant medication.

While MBCT is a relapse prevention programme for patients in full remission, recent data suggest that it may be indicated also for people in partial remission, including those with quite significant residual depressive symptoms.
2994 – Psychopathological Assessment of Psychotic Phenomena
Authors: Raballo A.
Published: July 2013

Recent focus on early detection and intervention in psychosis has renewed interest in the psychopathological delineation and assessment of psychotic phenomena.These phenomena express a fundamental qualitative change of the patient's mentality (consciousness, subjectivity) which often surfaces already during the prodromal/at risk mental states and is typically manifested across several psycho-behavioral domains (i.e. subjective experience, expression, cognition, affectivity, behavior, and willing). This interactive workshop will offer a clinical introduction into the basic semiology of psychosis, combining descriptive, clinical and structural-phenomenological approaches in psychopathology.
3008 – Effectiveness of Cognitive-behavioral Anxiety Treatments for Children and Adolescents
Authors: Fjermestad K.
Published: July 2013

There is substantial evidence that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) works for child anxiety disorders, but this evidence-base mainly rests on efficacy trials with rigorous scientific control conducted in University-clinics. Are results transferable to ordinary clinics? To a large extent, the answer seems to be yes. This presentation will review the state-of-the-art of effectiveness trials for child anxiety disorders. Additionally, data will be presented from a large ongoing randomized controlled trial (RCT) for child anxiety disorders conducted in community child and adolescent mental health clinics in Norway. This is the child part of the Assessment and Treatment - Anxiety in Children and Adults (ATACA) trial, PI's Heiervang and Havik. Children aged 8 to 15 years (N = 182) with a primary diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder, social phobia, or generalized anxiety disorder were included and randomized to group CBT (GCBT), individual CBT (ICBT) or a waitlist condition (WLC). The treatment program was Barrett's Friends for life manual. CBT outperformed WLC, with no major difference between GCBT and ICBT. Although overall symptom reduction was comparable to previous effectiveness trials, the full remission rates were somewhat lower than in previous trials. The possible reasons behind this will be discussed, and there will be an emphasis on how process factors such as pretreatment motivation, perceived treatment credibility, and the therapeutic alliance, which were all assessed in the RCT, may play a part to influence treatment results.