bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification and Bioinformatics Analysis of Cysteine Synthase from the Filamentous Fungus, Monascus purpureus
Authors: Liao Nan Qing , Yao Jiang Ning , Li Hao Ming
Published: February 2014

A gene encoding a putative cysteine synthase was obtained by screening Monascus purpureus cDNA library. Bioinformatics analysis showed that this protein has Rhodanese Homology Domain in C-terminal, and Pyridoxal-phosphate dependent enzyme domain in N-terminal, and CBS-like structure. The deduced cysteine synthase protein of M. purpureus contained 517 amino acid, with molecular mass of 57,044Da. Sequence alignment analysis revealed that M. purpureus deduced cysteine synthase was closely related to cysteine synthase from Aspergillus, Ajellomyces and Paracoccidioides, and highly homologous to aforementioned and other known cysteine synthase. The structural model of the deduced cysteine synthase closely match the template with 100% confidence and 20-30% identity. The consistency of the comparison results of the primary structure, secondary structure and tertiary structure suggests that the dedued protein may well be cysteine synthase.
Surfactant-Enhanced Washing of Aged PAH Contaminated Soils: Comparison between Nonionic Surfactant and Anionic Surfactant
Authors: Li He Lian , Qu Rong Hui , Han Xue Mei , Chen Jia Jun
Published: February 2014

Nonionic surfactants Triton X-100 (TX100), Triton X-305 and anionic surfactant SDS were used to desorb PAHs from contaminated soil. The surfactant loss due to sorption/ precipitation and PAH removal efficiency by each surfactant were evaluated. Due to sorption/precipitation, the apparent critical micelle concentration (CMCsoil) values for the 3 surfactants are 1.3-3.8 times their corresponding CMC values in aqueous solutions. The maximal surfactant loss follows the order of SDS>>TX100>TX305. The anionic surfactant SDS is quite different from nonionic surfactants TX100 and TX305 in PAH removal. SDS can effectively remove 3-ring PAHs at very low concentration, but is not so efficient for 5 or 6-ring PAHs. While for nonionic surfactants TX100 and TX305, the removal efficiencies of PAHs increased with increasing surfactant concentration. Nonionic surfactants at low concentration cannot facilitate PAH desorption, but enhance the retardation of PAHs in soil. While anionic surfactant SDS enhanced PAH desorption at all the concentrations.
Effects of pH and Temperature on the Degradation of Polycarbonate in Water
Authors: Si Hong Yan , Xiang Tian Cheng , Wang Rui Ting
Published: February 2014

The degradation of polycarbonate was studied by measuring the absorbance of bisphenol A, which is the main degradation products of polycarbonate. The important factors have been researched, such as temperature, the pH and reaction time. The result shows that the pH and temperature have an effect on the degradation of polycarbonate.
Perchlorate Removal in Biodegradable Polymers Bioreactor
Authors: He Fang , Zhou Hai Hong , Wang Xiu Ju
Published: February 2014

This work evaluates the feasibility of the biodegradable polymers (BDPs) bioreactor concept for removal of perchlorate from groundwater; and the likely impacts of nitrate and pH were also examined. Batch experiments demonstrated clearly that ClO4- was eliminated from the aqueous phase readily under appropriate surface biofilm of enriched mixed consortium on PBS, a new kind of BDPs, with the PBS granules as the sole chemical and physical substrate for the microorganism. Simultaneous perchlorate and nitrate degradation were occurring with the PBS granules degradation to supply conbon source. The optimal pH of perchlorate reduction was at 6.7. Morphological observation indicated the microbes in biofilm decomposed PBS through metabolism and provided carbon source for themselve by releasing small organic molecules.
Content Changes of Carbon and Nitrogen during the Decomposition of Mire Wetland in Xiaoxing'anling in Northeast China
Authors: Li Ji Guang , Sun Hui , Tao Min , Wang Qi Shuo , Tan Wei Ming , Xie Wei , Liu Zhen Hua
Published: February 2014

The global environment change is human beings are facing with the important and urgent environmental problems: in natural and human action double drive, the surface of the earth element biogeochemical process and its environmental effect is the current global change research in the area of the important content. In order to estimate and forecast geochemical cycle of change and to the global life support system influence, since the 1970s on the ecological system of the nitrogen cycle extensive and in-depth research, and in the process of this a series of ecological environment effect.Wetland biogeochemical process is refers to the carbon, hydrogen (water), oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur and various essential elements in the wetland soil and plant all kinds of migration between transformation and energy exchange process. Chemical process including nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients in the wetland system of flow and transformation, Wetland in heavy metals and other organic inorganic pollutants absorption, so close, transformation and enrichment, etc.
Experimental Study of CO2 Sequestration Using Glycinate-TEA
Authors: Zhang Wei Feng , Shu Jian Hui
Published: February 2014

The experimental study on the mechanism of CO2 absorption and desorption was tested by two kinds of glycinate (SG and PG) with TEA. The absorption and regeneration of CO2 by mixed absorption liquid were tested and compared with each other. The results showed that a low concentration of TEA in the SG and PG increased CO2 absorption capacity of mixed absorption solution. Addin more TEA on PG or SG lowered CO2 absorption capacity of mixed absorption solution. Desorption of PG didnt change with TEA. The low concentration of TEA had a role in promoting the desorption of mixed absorption solution (SG+TEA), and the high concentration of TEA inhibited the desorption of mixed absorption solution (SG+TEA).
Optimization of Process for Extraction of Yellow Pigment from Almond Shell
Authors: Wang Feng Jie
Published: February 2014

The effect of extraction temperature,extraction time,alcohol concentration, ratio of material to liquid (g/ml)on extraction yield of natural yellow pigment from waste almond shell were studied. The optimum conditions were determined by L9 (34) the orthogonal test . The optimum extraction conditions are the extraction temperature at 75°C;the extraction time for 2h; the extraction agent concentration of 20%ethanol ; the material-liquid ration (g/ml) 1:15.The extraction yield of natural yellow pigment from almond shell is 6.25%,The order of effects are extraction temperature>extraction time>ratio of material to liquid(g/ml)>alcohol concentration.This research provides the theoretical basis for the industrial production of the extraction of natural almond shell pigment and provides a new way for the re-use of the abandoned almond shell.
Mechanism of Cu2+ Ions Removal from Aqueous Solution with PBTCA Modified Fe0 Nanoparticles
Authors: Feng Jing Wei , Xu Ying Xia
Published: February 2014

Applications of PBTCA modified nanoscale zero valent iron (P-Fe0) prepared by borohydride reduction for removal of Cu2+ions from aqueous solution are investigated under a variety of experimental conditions. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results, Cu2+ions were removed primarily via a redox mechanism that resulted in the formation of Cu0and Cu2O. The contact of P-Fe0with aqueous media caused extensive formation of iron oxide.
Assessment of Urban Human Settlements of Jinan City
Authors: Luo Fang
Published: February 2014

Human Settlements are the basis of the human survival and development that the quality affects human health and is an important symbol to measure the progress of human society and cultural development. Based on the urban human settlements data of 2000-2009, evaluation system of urban human settlements of Jinan City was constructed from economic development, ecological environment and social culture in this paper which involved in per capita GDP, unemployment rate, the per capita areas of the urban roads, and the sewerage treatment rate etc.. Then urban human settlements of Jinan City were evaluated quantitatively by principal component analysis and the sort of synthetic quality was given: the urban human settlements of Jinan City are getting better and better notwithstanding fluctuations.
A New Montmorillonite/Humic Acid Complex Prepared in Alkaline Condition to Remove Cadmium from Waste Water
Authors: Hou Ying Ying , Geng Ming Shuo , Zeng Xiang Feng , Wang Zu Wei
Published: February 2014

A new montmorillonite/humic acid complex preparation method in alkaline environment was studied by experiment, and the complex effect on remediation of heavy metal pollution was verified. The best technologic condition of the montmorillonite/humic acid complex preparation in alkaline environment was that the mass ratio between montmorillonite and humic acid was 100:3, the reaction solution was 0.01 mol/L sodium nitrate solution, the pH value of the reaction solution was 8.5, and the reaction time was 24 hours. The complex has better remediation effect on cadmium waste water. The cadmium adsorption capacity of the complex was 18.96 mg/g, and the pH value ranges of cadmium waste water suited for the complex was from 5 to 9. When the ratio of Cd initiative concentration/the complex quantity was lower than 300:1 and the pH value of the waste water was higher than 8, almost all of the Cd in waste water can be removed.
Time Series Cross Correlation Analysis among Pollution Source and Adjacent Marine Water Environmental Factors
Authors: Li Ming Chang , Zhao Ying Jie
Published: February 2014

The cross correlation analysis of pollution time series among pollution source and adjacent marine water environmental factors is an essential tool for obtaining the relationship in adjacent marine waters and the source of pollution. Meanwhile, the main pollution source should be obtained by this analysis. In this paper, the cross correlation of the dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) in the Caofeidian marine district, the Beidaihe marine district, Tangshan Bay and the whole quantity of pollution in main rivers of Hebei Province is analyzed. The cross correlation coefficient computation method is used for the correlation. The research results show that the stronger correlation relationship exists between the pollution source and the Beidaihe marine district, owing to the influence of the Luanhe river.
The Treatment of Concentrated Landfill Leachate from Membrane-Based Processes by Supercritical Water Oxidation
Authors: Gong Yan Meng , Wang Shu Zhong , Li Yan Hui
Published: February 2014

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) of concentrated landfill leachate has been carried out in a batch reactor in fluidized bed sand bath, operated under varied temperature (450-600 °C), pressure (23-29 MPa), residence time (5-20 min) and oxidation coefficient (1.5-3.0). The experimental results indicated that temperature and oxidation coefficient had significant influences on the oxidation reaction, whereas the pressure and residence time were not crucial factors. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) removal efficiencies could reach up to 99.23% and 98.64% at 600 °C, 25 MPa and 5 min with a oxidation coefficient of 2, respectively, and the effluents could be discharged harmlessly.
An Innovative Method with Optimized Treatment for Killing Algae in Ballast Water Treatment Based on Ion-Exchange Membrane Electrolysis
Authors: Sun Jin Yang , Wang Jun Sheng , Li Meng Qi , Yuan Hai Chao , Pan Xin Xiang
Published: February 2014

Invasive aquatic species has been considered one of the greatest threats to the worlds oceans and marine ecological system. A novel of ships ballast water treatment based on ion exchange membrane electrolysis system to deal with algae has been proved. In this paper, an optimized treatment for inactivating algae is proposed based on the developed ballast water treatment system. In this optimized method, different experimental conditions are studied, which contain the injection times and small injection dose of anodic electrolytic products. The contrast experiments were conducted, the results show that the lethal time and available chlorine dose can respectively save up to 66.67% and 50% under the optimized method. The results show that the proposed have the more efficient kill ability for the algae life.
An Equal Sustainable Area Model for Harvesting Eichhornia crassipes in Environmental Phytoremediation
Authors: Sun Ling , Zhu Ze Sheng
Published: February 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the use of a model to determine everyday harvest area of Eichhornia crassipes in environmental phytoremediation. A logistic model was constructed to eatimate the area of Eichhornia crassipes and tested in Eichhornia crassipes samples. The area of Eichhornia crassipes was measured nine times in experiment period using GPS data and satellite remote sensing images. The measurements were shown to lead to a determination of the parameters of accurate logistic model with an overall Goodness of Fit Index of 0.9753. This indicates that there is a possibility of obtaining everyday harvest area of Eichhornia crassipes from the logistic model and suggests that it is possible to implement environmental phytoremediation with the everyday harvest at the equal sustainable area of Eichhornia crassipes.
Effect of Sulfate and Redox Mediator on Reduction of AO7 in Upflow Anaerobic Filter (UAF)
Authors: Han Li , Wen Yue , Ding Ning , Zhou Qi
Published: February 2014

Azo compounds constitute the largest and the most diverse group of synthetic dyes and are widely used. The release of coloured wastewaters represents a serious environmental problem and a public health concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of sulfate and redox mediator on the reduction of an azo dye (Acid orange 7, AO7) by anaerobic sludge. The kinetics showed the AO7 reduction rate can be greatly improved by the addition of sulfate and RF, thus it is possible to speed up the start-up of AO7 reduction system under appropriate condition.
Effects of Alkali-Pretreated Plant Biomass on Nitrate Removal in Subsurface-Flow Constructed Wetlands
Authors: Zhang Ming Xiao , Yu Xue Cen , Wen Yue , Zhou Qi
Published: February 2014

Denitrification is strongly dependent on carbon quantity and quality in most constructed wetlands (CWs), and pH may be a key factor in determining the supply of available carbon source (ACS) in the pre-treatment of external plant biomass. In this study, three bath CWs were designed, and were fed with nitrate-dominated water to investigate nitrate removal affected by external cattail litter with different pH pre-treatment (pH = 7.0, 10.0, 12.0). During the experiment, higher nitrate removal was observed in the wetland using pH12.0 pre-treatment litter leachate as the carbon source. Strong alkaline fermentation at ambient temperature can be considered as a sustainable technology for wetland plant litter pre-treatment.
Supercritical Water Oxidation of Fulvic Acid as a Model Organic Compound in Landfill Leachate
Authors: Gong Yan Meng , Wang Shu Zhong , Qian Li Li , Li Yan Hui
Published: February 2014

Fulvic acid (FA) is a common refractory organic compound in landfill leachate. The degradation of FA in supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) was conducted in a SS 316 batch reactor. The effects of temperature, pressure, residence time, oxidation ratio and initial FA concentration on the degradation of FA were investigated. Results showed that FA could be easily destructed in SCWO process, and a total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of 98.0% was available at 600 °C, 420 s, 25 MPa and 1% FA. Oxidation coefficient had a significant positive effect on the degradation of FA. Total carbon (TC) and TOC removal efficiencies increased from 78.9 % to 97.2 % and from 86.4 % to 97.2, respectively, when oxidation coefficient increased from 0 to 4. Benzene, phenol and naphthalene could be regarded as the intermediate products in SCWO.
Mining Spoils Area Ecological Restoration Progress in China and Overseas
Authors: Ren Hui Jun , Liu Peng Kun , Liu Jun Ting , Fu Yan Hua , Zhang Rui Ya , Li Wen Yu
Published: February 2014

The ecological restoration of mining wasteland has been highly concerned about the world. Consequences of mining wasteland without governance has brought economic development and human survival posed a serious threat, so the ecological restoration of abandoned mining area has been imperative. This paper summarizes the research status and development process of ecological restoration and abroad, as well as some of the issues raised ecological restoration work currently exists.
Removing Oil Pollution on Water by New Burning Technique
Authors: Jin Liang An , Liu Yang Na , Liu Xiao Guang , Lan Guo Hui
Published: February 2014

Oil pollution, one of main ways for sea pollution, is seriously destroying marine environment. How to solve the problem effectively has been an important research focus in the world. In this paper, a new burning technique which is named self-sustaining burning is proposed, and it is based on seawater and specialized chemicals. The overall idea of this technique is presented, and one implementation method using familiar CaC2and K/Na as main ingredients is suggested. For the feasibility of this oil removal technique, experimental study is conducted. The results show that this technique can remove oil efficiently.
A Study of Removing 4-Toluene Sulfonic Acid in Wastewater Treatment by Aerobic Bio-Fluidized Bed
Authors: Huang Zhen , Song Yu Dong , Zhou Yue Xi , He Xu Wen , Xu Jie
Published: February 2014

Based on the problem of industrial wastewater of 4-Toluene Sulfonic Acid (4-TSA) with characteristics of high concentration and high toxicity, also low treatment efficiency by common biological treatment , this study was used aerobic biological fluidized bed (ABFB) to analyze the impact of 4-TSA treatment by changing water load chemical oxygen demand (COD), aeration amount, and pH value of input water, and so on technological parameters. The result showed that the average degradation rate of 4-TSA in wastewater can researched to 96.9% under condition of reactor steadily running, HRT=9 h, temperature 25°C, pH=8.0, ORP-141~-93 mV,DO 3.5~8.72 mg/L, the inflow water 4-TSA concentration 600 mg/L, aerobic amount 210 L/h. Therefore, the best aerobic amount to treat wastewater contained 4-TSA is 210 L/h in aerobic biological fluidized bed. The degradation rate of 4-TSA is decreased as the increasing of water load. The scanning electronic microscope (SEM) indicated that the bacillus is the mainly part on the biological carrier, suspended sludge is composed by aurous and bacillus.
Ultrasound Assisted Removal of Unstable Form of Cu and Ni from Contaminated Soil
Authors: Zhang Chun Lei , Agadzi A. K. , Fei Xiao Tong , Li Ting
Published: February 2014

Heavy metals exist in different forms in polluted soils however only the unstable form is bioavailable and potentially threatening to the environment. This study adopted the ultrasound technique as a tool to transform the unstable heavy metal forms into soluble forms and remove them. Acoustic cavitation coupled with mechanical stirring was used to facilitate the removal of Cu and Ni from a polluted soil. Effect of sonication treating time, sonication power and slurry concentration factors on the removal efficiency (RE) were studied. Test results show that the RE increase with sonication treating time, the best RE for Cu and Ni are 40-50 minutes and 30-40 minutes respectively. Increasing the sonication power can improve the removal of Cu but particularly for Ni, the optimal sonication power is 400W. High concentration slurry is better for Cu removal but for Ni, a more dilute slurry is more effective.
Experimental Study on Non-Backwashing Dynamic Membrane Bio-Reactor
Authors: Xie Xian Si , Shang Ping
Published: February 2014

Using a DMBR, which consists of two piece of Polyester fabric mini nets and an interactive unit with brushes, to test whether it can relieve membrane fouling and keep the reactors stable operation on a high flux by anti-brushing periodically or not. The results indicated that when the flux was 45L/m2·h, it could operate 28d until the flux decline. And it also showed that an operation by running the interactive unit periodically could remove the dynamic membrane and make the non-backwashing come true. By comparing the amount of bio-film on the nets surface before and after anti-brushing, it proved that anti-brushing had a good cleaning effect to net. In addition to through a detection to the effluent turbidity, it could put 0.5NTU as an important sign to do anti-brushing operation.
Multispecies Phytoremediation on Degradation of PAHs in Soils
Authors: Yang Li Juan , Yuan Xin , Pan Sheng Wang , Wu Yun Xiao
Published: February 2014

Potentials of three plant species, rape, alfalfa and white clover, separately or jointly on the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil were estimated by pots experiments. Results showed the presence of vegetation apparently enhanced the dissipation of PAHs at initial concentrations ranging from 20.05 to 322.06 mg·kg-1. Within 70-day experiment, alfalfa and white clover showed higher efficiencies for removal of PAHs than those of rape, and mixed cropping greatly enhanced the dissipation of PAHs as compared to single cropping. On average 74.87% of phenanthrene or 62.81% of pyrene were removed from soils with mixed cropping of rape and alfalfa, and 72.01% of phenanthren or 68.44% of pyrene removed by mixed cropping of rape and white clover. Results suggested a feasibility of the establishment of multispecies remediation for enforcing the dissipation of PAHs.
Variation of PAHs, PCBs and OCPs Contents and Influencing Factors in Sludge Landfill Process
Authors: Zhu Ying , Zhang Miao , Han Zhe , Feng Su Ping
Published: February 2014

In order to know about the variation of PAHs, PCBs and OCPs of sludge in landfill, discover the factors influencing the contents of PAHs, PCBs, OCPs and provide the scientific basis for the agriculture reuse of aged-sludge, the variation of PAHs, PCBs, OCPs contents and influencing factors in sludge landfill were studied in this paper. PAHs concentration of different landfill periods rang from 6.645 to 10.008 mg·kg-1 and show an increasing tendency with the increase of landfill duration. PAHs are mainly composed of more than four benzene-based compounds, and less than three benzene rings compounds contents of PAHs are relatively low. PCBs concentrations rang from 15.655 to 25.569 μg·kg-1 and present a decreasing trend with the landfill time, which far less than the standard of 0.2 mg·kg-1. PCBs at the beginning of the landfill are mainly composed of the 3-Cl and 5-Cl compounds. In the late of the landfill, 2-Cl compounds increase significantly. The range of OCPs concentration is 1.78~2.37 μg·kg-1. The main factors affecting the PAHs, PCBs and OCPs contents are microbial degradation and transformation. Analysis of the pollutants sources indicate that PAHs in sludge are mainly derived from the waste water of refinery, coking plant, gasworks, smelt plant and pitch plant. Chemical industry, timber process and electricity industry are the main sources of PCBs and OCPs in sludge.
A Study on the Establishment of Demolition Waste DB System by BIM-Based Building Materials
Authors: Park Jae Woo , Cha Gi Wook , Hong Won Hwa , Seo Hyun Cheol
Published: February 2014

Recently, BIM (Building Information Modeling) became mandatory in Korea, and BIM started to be implemented in construction area. It is a design tool for maximizing the efficiency of design, construction, and maintenance throughout the entire lifecycle, but there are not many studies about the demolition wastes (DW) in the demolition stage. This study gathered basic data concerning the development of a database of DW disposed in the demolition stage using BIM-based building material database. For this, a BIM software, ARCHICAD, and construction material categories of the item list system of the PPS (Public Procurement Service) were analyzed to select major building materials. Based on the analysis, the disposal routes were analyzed considering the characteristics of DW. The database of DW was developed by examining the disposal routes of 52 major construction materials selected according to the characteristics of each material during demolition and selecting 7 major DW.
Influence of RAP Content on Pavement Performance of Hot Plant Recycling Asphalt Mixture
Authors: Lin Hui , Zhuang Yuan , Hu Guang Wei
Published: February 2014

In this paper, the influence of RAP content on pavement performance of hot plant recycling asphalt mixture is experimentally studied. The pavement performances contain high temperature stability, low temperature stability, water stability and fatigue resistance. Recovered asphalt was firstly extracted from RAP, and the properties of recovered asphalt was then tested and compared to normal 70# pavement asphalt. The gradation of recovered aggregate and new aggregate was then tested, and the mine material mixture gradation was determined. Marshall Test was adopted to determine the optimal asphalt content. The pavement performances show that the dynamic stability increases with RAP content increasing. The blending strain and fatigue life decreases while the stiffness modulus increases with the RAP content increasing. However, the residual stability and TSR show no obviously change with RAP content increasing.
Research on Derivative Nature of Emergencies in Beijing
Authors: Zhao Fang , Liu Yan Jun , Zhao Jun Chao , Dong Xiao Qing
Published: February 2014

This paper concludes that emergency has a derivative nature On the basis of outlining its situation over the past two years in Beijing. The derivativity is expressed in the field of emergency, economics, politics and social insurance. The paper then analyzes the causes of the derivative nature: uncertainty of emergency, the limits of research and covert ideological struggles.
Study on the Modal of Media Emergency Science Communication in Public Health Emergency
Authors: Zhao Jun Chao , Dong Xiao Qing , Wu Qiong , Zhang Lu Ji
Published: February 2014

The emergency rescue can be implemented rapidly after the breakout of the public health emergency, greatly benefited from the emergency media science communication that develops to a great extend. This article analyzes the current situation and existing problems of media science communication modal that media develops after an outbreak of public health emergency and puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions on the innovative modal of media science communication.
Distribution Characteristics and Potential Ecological Risk Assessments and Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments and Water Body of the Yalu River Estuary China
Authors: Wu Yao Qing , Li Li
Published: February 2014

Surface sediments and water body of the Yalu River estuary were monitored to evaluate the spatial distribution and the enrichment condition of heavy metals: As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb and Zn. Surface sediment samples and water samples were collected from 5 stations, at seven month intervals from May 2012 to November 2012. The correlation of the heavy metals in the surface sediments and the water body was analyzed by using Pearson method. And the method of potential ecological risk index presented by Hakanson was used to evaluate the potential ecological risk of heavy metal pollution in the Yalu River estuary. The results showed that, the order of heavy metals spatial fluctuation degree was Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > total As > Cd > total Hg, the fluctuation degree of total contents of heavy metals was A1 > A3 > A2 ≈ A4 > A5. The evaluation of potential ecological risk showed that, total Hg reflected considerate ecological risk, total As and Cd reflected moderate ecological risk, and the rest of the heavy metals posed a low ecological risk.
Environmental Kuznets Curve, Flood Disaster of China and Stormwater Resource Reuse
Authors: Huang Chang Fu , Zhou Jing
Published: February 2014

We analyzed the relationship between the national flood disaster area, drought disaster area , total disaster area and per capita GDP from 1970-2011 in this study, which use the theory of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) and regression analysis model. The study showed that drought disaster area and per capita GDP showed a typical "U" shaped of Kuznets curve, flood disaster area and per capita GDP showed "inverted U + U" typed of Kuznets curve. From China's current economic situation, flood is an important factor to affect Chinas economic development, especially the regional economic development. Thinking about how to implement stromwater resource reuse from a strategic perspective is an important issue of land resource utilization and regional economic development. So we propose a strategic concept based on the empirical analysis.
Review of Research on Water Accounting
Authors: Jia Ling , Gan Hong , Qin Chang Hai
Published: February 2014

Current progress of water accounting was reviewed systematically in the paper. The result of water accounting is outstanding in some countries abroad, like Australia, South Africa, and European Union (EU) countries. In China, the exploratory research appeared in the 1990s. The study showed that theoretical framework of water resource accounting is basically formed, and research on physical accounting of water resources is abundant. However, some aspects, such as estimate of value, compilation of water economy accounts, and coupling between water resources accounting and national economic accounting system need improvement, which can provide methodological support for the water accounting system and valuable reference for integrated environmental economic accounting system (SEEA).
Risk Assessment of the Debris Flow Gully in Tibet Southeast by Set Pair Analysis Method
Authors: Wang Pei Qing , Xu Jiang , Ye Wen Wu , Guo Shuai Jie
Published: February 2014

Risk assessment of debris flow is the core content for debris flow disaster forecasting and prevention work. And then, risk assessment of debris flow also becomes the key method in potential debris flow hazards forecast. However, kinds of hazard-affected indictors will be referred during the risk assessment process. In this study, set pair analysis model for risk assessment of the debris flow gully in Tibet southeast is established. With the model final outputs, it can successfully solve the problem of considering all the weight values of the hazard-affected indictors in debris flow evaluation system. Finally, risk assessment of typical debris flow gullies in Tibet southeast area are conducted out by the set pair analysis model, and the model outputs also give a well agreement to the actual.
The Application of Environmental Performance Evaluation in the Administration of Eco-Industrial Park in China
Authors: Yao Yang , Qiao Qi , Zhang Yue , Guo Jing , Fang Ling
Published: February 2014

Eco-industrial park is the carrier of circular economy in industrial zone. A lot of the theory and practice of eco-industrial park to carry out in China. The methods and representations, showing systematically the environmental benefit through ecologically construction of Eco-industrial park, are the important parts of the Eco-industrial park administration system. Environmental performance evaluation could systematically manifest the whole configuration of construction of Eco-industrial park, from different points of view from park administrators, enterprises, and publics. This paper discussed the significance of environmental performance evaluation for Eco-industrial park in China, introduced the current application status and development trend of environmental performance evaluation in the administration of Eco-industrial park in China.
Study on the Water Resources Efficiency from the Economic Perspective
Authors: Wang Xi Feng , Ding Xiang Yi , Li Wei
Published: February 2014

In this paper, an advanced economic method is proposed in the measurement about water resources efficient (WRE), which is based on the social cycle of water resources in different economic departments and different areas. The advances of this research are as following: firstly, WRE from the economic perspective emphasizes thesocial traits of water resources which are the bases of the value of water resources; secondly, research on WRE from the economic perspective gives the special link between water resources and economy; thirdly, because the usages of water resources in different economic departments and areas are various, the measurements of Chinas WRE are run by different economic departments and various areas, and then the advance analysis are proposed. According to the research, the WRE and agricultural & industrial WRE of each province of China are calculated, and the WRE and industrial WRE decrease while agricultural WRE increase during 2001~2010.
Modified Extended Hyperbolic Mild-Slope Equations
Authors: Pan Hua Chen , Zhang Zhi Guang
Published: February 2014

A form of hyperbolic mild-slope equations extended to account for rapidly varying topography, nonlinear dispersion relation, wind input and energy dissipation during the process of wave propagation, has been derived from the mild-slope equation modified first in this paper. With the inclusion of the input of wind energy, the resultant model can be applied in some areas where the effect of wind could not be neglected. The wave-breaking mechanism which will cause energy dissipation remarkably, as well as the bottom friction, is introduced and discussed during this derivation. Since the modifying factors have taken plenty of aspects into consideration, the extended equations hold enlarged application and increased accuracy.
The Effect of pH and Heat Treatment on the Porous TiO2 Nanostructures Derived from Triblock Copolymer Templating-Precipitation Technique of TiOSO4 Solution
Authors: Yuwono Akhmad Herman , Daulay Hadi Sahal Fadly , Latifa Hanum , Sholehah Amalia
Published: February 2014

The synthesis and characterization of TiO2nanostructure has become intensive nowadays because of its superior properties among other semiconductor materials. In this work, TiO2nanostructures have been derived from ilmenite mineral by using precipitation technique with various pH and calcination temperature. The resulting nanostructures were characterized to investigate the effects of those variables on the phase, crystallite size, and band gap energy. The characterization was performed by using XRD, FT-IR, UV-Vis DRS, SEM, EDS, and TEM. The results showed that TiO2sample prepared under low pH value of 0.3 demonstrated porous structures although they are not well-ordered yet, while the sample with a pH adjustment up to 7.0 provided nanotube structure. The biggest crystallite size of 3.43 nm and low band gap energy of 3.07 eV was obtained in the TiO2samples synthesized without pH adjustment and calcined at a a temperature of 300°C. This characteristics shows that TiO2nanostructure in this study is potential for the applications of dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) and photocatalysist.
Femtosecond Laser Machining of Silica and Transparent Materials
Authors: Babiy M. Yu. , Golik S. S. , Kolesnikov A. V. , Bystrov F. G.
Published: February 2014

Recently, interest in the study of processes occurring in the optical breakdown on the surface of solid targets associated with the increasing number of practical applications of the laser spark, such as laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and micro-and nanomaterials processing. One of the most important tasks - to reduce the diameter of the focal spot, because the size of the modifications directly related to it. However, it is not the only problem faced by the transition to sub-micron range modifications.
Low-Temperature Heat Capacities and Thermodynamic Properties of a New Complex [Na(H2O)2]6[MoCo6O12(H2O)12]•4.3H2O(s)
Authors: Meng Qing Fen , Xia Xiao San
Published: February 2014

A new complex [Na (H2O)2]6[MoCo6O12(H2O)12]·4.3H2O(s) was synthesized and determined by X-ray crystallography. Low-temperature heat capacities of the compound was measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 78 to 380 K. An obvious dehydration process was found in the heat capacity curve of the title compound. The temperature, enthalpy and entropy of the dehydration process were determined to be (370.266±0.292) K, (187.455±0.354) kJ·mol-1, (50.627±0.078) J·K-1·mol-1 by three series of repeated heat capacity measurements in the region of thermal decomposition.
Tribology Behaviors of LaF3 Nano Particles in 500SN Base Oil
Authors: Wu Hong Guan , Li Hai Feng , Yu Guo Xian
Published: February 2014

LaF3nanoparticles were used as an additive to improve tribological performance of base oil stock. Their surface modifiers were prepared by a precipitation method, using two kinds of salts from dioctyl-dithiophosphoric acid and piperidine or di-(β-ethoxyl) stearamine. Morphology and structure of LaF3nanoparticles were investigated. The tribological behaviors of these solid-containing lubricating oils were measured by using a conventional four-ball machine. Wear scar surfaces on the test steel balls were examined by instrumental analysis to elucidate the anti-wear mechanism.
Dynamic Reliability of Stochastic Truss Structures under Random Load
Authors: Liu Ming , Zhang Hui Mei
Published: February 2014

Aim at the dynamic reliability of stochastic truss structures under stationary random excitation. In consideration of the randomness of structural physical parameters and the geometric parameters and the random excitations were first transformed into sinusoidal ones in terms of the pseudo excitation method ( PEM) , that turned the joint-random problem into a single random problem for which only structural parameters remain random, and thus the analysis is greatly simplified. The mean value and the variance of the mean square value of the structural displacement and velocity were computed by using the theory of spectral analysis. And then the expressions of stochastic truss structural dynamic reliability were educed from the Poisson formula. Finally, the influence of the randomness of structural parameters on the structural dynamic reliability was analyzed by an example; the method of this paper was proved feasible and available comparing with the Monte Carlo method.
Simulation Research on Combustion Process in a Natural Gas-Diesel Dual-Fuel Marine Engine
Authors: Xiao Min , Feng Chun Long
Published: February 2014

In order to solve the problem of Diesel natural gas dual fuel engine, such as power reduction, low charging efficiency, the conception of diesel engine fueled with pilot-ignited directly-injected liquefied natural gas is put forward. On the basis of this theory, a medium speed diesel of the marine is refitted into dual fuel engine, in order to keep original power, decrease the temperature of combustion and reduce emission. The LNG injection timing, duration of LNG injection and the different ratios the pilot diesel to total energy are studied the method of AVL FIRE software. Conclusions are as follows: When the different ratios pilot diesel to total energy is 0.5%, the engine can not work; Delaying the LNG injection timing, shortening the LNG injection duration and choose the right ratios pilot diesel to total energy can reach the indicated power of original machine, and the NOx emissions level will be greatly reduced.
Frequency Characteristics of the Valveless Self-Excited Pulse Combustor of Bend Tailpipe Helmholtz Type
Authors: Xu Yan Ying , Chen Jian , Wang Ruo Jun
Published: February 2014

The frequency characteristics of the valveless self-excited pulse combustor of bend tailpipe Helmholtz type with continuous supply of gas and air were investigated by experiment in this paper. The effects of bend tailpipe structure, heat load and the excess air ratio on the frequency of operation were studied. The results show that the frequency of operation decreases with the increase of tailpipe bent angle and the frequency is relatively low with the bent position at tailpipe entrance. The frequency is increased with the increase of heat load, and decreased with the excess air ratio.
Study of the Phenomenon of Water Hammer Based on Sliding Mesh Method
Authors: Guo Lan Lan , Geng Jie , Shi Shuo , Du Guang Sheng
Published: February 2014

The sliding mesh method of Fluent was used to simulate the dynamic course of ball valve closure. The pressure before the valve was calculated both at constant density and variable density and compared with that of the experiment and the method of characteristic. The results show that when considering the compressibility of water, Fluent can be used to simulate the pipeline water hammer phenomenon caused by the sudden closing of the valve and it is closer to the experimental results compared with the traditional method of characteristics.
Design of Plane Magnetic Field Image Drawing System Based on PLC Motion Control
Authors: You Jia Xin , Liang Hui Min , Zhang Kun , Zhai Guo Fu
Published: February 2014

The image of magnetic field is traditionally obtained by spreading magnetic powder manually or by sparse arrays of magnetic needles, obtaining the images of the magnetic field in different permanent magnet shapes and do repeated tests on the permanent magnet are in need. Based on programmable logic controller (PLC) motion control, the servo control and mechanical system have been built, the control strategy is discussed and the software is programmed. 2D FEM model of a test permanent magnet bar is built. Compared with the FEM simulation results, the system has achieved the goal that spreading magnetic powder quickly and evenly in the appointed area.
Research on Characteristics of the Photovoltaic Cells Integrated on Chip
Authors: Xiao Li Xian , He Yong Tai , Peng Yue Hong , Liu Jin Hao
Published: February 2014

The influence factors of Photovoltaic (PV) cells characteristics integrated on chip were analyzed based on the fabrication process and the structure of the PV cells and CMOS devices. The results show the substrate doping concentration, the emitter doping concentration, the emitter junction depth and the thickness of device layer directly determine the conversion efficiency, open voltage and the light-generated current of photovoltaic cells. In the emitter doping concentration range of 1×1019/cm3 to 1×1021/cm3 and the substrate doping concentration range of 1.0×1015/cm3 to 1.0×1017/cm3, the Photovoltaic cells have batter conversion characteristics. The PV cells were designed based on the analysis results in PC1D, and the conversion efficiency is 9.43%. The Photovoltaic cells and the CMOS devices have batter fabrication technology compatibility integrated on chip.
Research on Two-Dimensional MHD Simulations of X-Pinch Implosion and its Physical Aspects
Authors: Xia Tian Xiang , Zhao Tong , Zou Liang , Zhang Li , Zhu Feng
Published: February 2014

Based on a large quantity of experimental work and study of the two-dimensional MHD (Magnetohydrodynamic) simulation describing the implosion dynamics of X-pinch, at the same time taking basic physical processes of implosion into account, this paper seeks to build a two-dimensional MHD simulation model on implosion dynamics throughout the whole constriction evolution (including formation of dense plasma, compression, generation of hot spot, X-ray pulsed radiation), determine the target area for numerical simulation, as well as the initial time for simulation and plasma initial state. As for two-dimensional MHD models which indicate the physical process during different stages, a clear boundary condition is explored along with Lagrange-Euler numerical method which strives to reproduce the dynamics of the X-pinch implosion and better study the physical properties during the X-pinch implosion dynamics. Results of this thesis will enrich the X-pinch research areas of basic theories and analytical methods, which is of great theoretical significance and application value.
The Structural Properties Research of Piezoelectric Cantilever Beam Based on Vehicular Environment
Authors: Zhao Yan , Liu Shan Shan , Li Yu Feng
Published: February 2014

The piezoelectric power generating device can convert the vibration energy into electrical energy in vehicular environment. So it can provide energy for electronic components. Firstly, the mathematical model of road-vehicles-piezoelectric device coupled vibration was established under the random road excitation. Then vibration simulation analysis of the established model was made. The acceleration and spectrum of the vehicles body and its connection with the suspension were researched under B-class. The car body vibration is low-frequency vibration. Further studies shows that expanding the speed range and changing the roads level almost have no effect on the natural frequency of vehicles body vibration. Secondly, in order to make the maximum generating capacity, the influences of cantilever beam parameters have on its nature frequency were researched. The research results provide basis for parameters design in cantilever beam.
Flexural Behaviors of Double Reinforced Beam with High-Performance Cement Composite and Steel Bar
Authors: Jang Seok Joon , Han Seung Ju , Yu Zhong Jie , Yun Hyun Do
Published: February 2014

This paper describes the flexural behaviors of double reinforced beams with strain hardening cement-based composite (SHCC) materials and high-performance steel bar (HPSB). To evaluate the effects of cement composite type and strength on flexural response of reinforced beam, three specimens made and tested under monotonic flexural loading. Test results indicated that superior flexural and uniaxial performance with multiple fine cracking are observed for SHCC materials compared to those of conventional high strength concrete (HSC). Specifically, HPSB reinforced beam with SHCC materials exhibits more effectively crack-damage mitigation and flexural performance than that with HSC.
Seismic Performance of Strain-Hardening Cement Composite (SHCC) Squat Shear Walls with vertical slits
Authors: Yu Zhong Jie , Han Seung Ju , Jang Seok Joon , Yun Hyun Do
Published: February 2014

This study investigates experimentally the applicability of selectively weakening retrofit for existing and non-ductile squat shear walls. To evaluate the effect of vertical seams on the wall panel on the hysteretic behavior and failure mode of Strain-Hardening Cement Composite (SHCC) squat shear walls, two 1/3 scale shear walls with vertical seams as a variable were made and tested under reversed cyclic loadings. All specimens had same rectangular cross-section 1,100mm¡¿50mm, with panel height 600mm. The vertical seam is 40mm wide and 260mm high and 460 high. SHCC for wall specimens was supplied by a local ready mix company with specified strength of 50MPa. The test results of this study; length of the slit is increased in squat shear wall, which the specimen became load-carrying capacity and stiffness. But have vertical silt, the squat shear wall shows aspects of ductility destruction.