bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La relation d’objet aux temps du confinement. Pour une métapsychologie du lien et de la rencontre
Authors: Golse Bernard
Published: December 2020

L’auteur rappelle d’abord l’abandon par S. Freud de la position en face à face pour celle de la cure-type (divan/fauteuil) en tentant d’interpréter cette modification fondatrice du cadre psychanalytique au regard de la polysensorialité et de l’intersubjectivité. Après quoi, il propose de décomposer le concept de représentation d’objet en trois niveaux distincts : représentation de la place de l’objet, des liens à l’objet et de l’objet lui-même. Ces réflexions permettent peut-être de modéliser les entretiens à distance (téléphone ou visio-conférence) dans la perspective d’une métapsychologie de la rencontre.
(Mais) quelle continuité pédagogique ?
Authors: Chagneau Carine , Keller Rodolphe , Lemarchand Cécile , Porret Bruno , Stümpflen Tamara
Published: December 2020

Cinq professeurs d’un collège de Montreuil (93) expliquent comment ils ont tenté d’assurer la continuité pédagogique avec leurs élèves, à distance, pendant la période de confinement entraînée par la crise sanitaire de la covid -19, à quelles difficultés ils ont été confrontés et de quelle manière ils ont investi leur mission.
Fermeture d’un hôpital de jour pour enfants pendant le confinement... Quel accompagnement des familles ?
Authors: Garcia Ballester Émilie
Published: December 2020

Le confinement mis en place en mars 2020 pour lutter contre l’épidémie de la covid -19 a entraîné la fermeture brutale et non anticipée des structures de soin ambulatoires. L’auteur, psychologue institutionnelle dans un hôpital de jour pour enfants, relate son expérience clinique de suivi des familles à distance pendant le confinement. Cette expérience inédite tant pour les familles que pour les professionnels a entraîné des modalités transféro-contre-transférentielles particulières qui sont évoquées dans des vignettes cliniques.
La Société de Crédit agricole, fondée en 1861 : une expérience malheureuse
Authors: Claeys Thierry
Published: December 2020

Après de nombreux débats au sujet des formes de crédits appropriées à l’essor de l’agriculture, et de projets d’établissements de crédit, mort-nés, ou inopérants, au cours de la Restauration et de la Monarchie de Juillet, la question d’établir un établissement de crédit ad hoc refit surface tout au début du Second Empire. Le Crédit foncier de France se révélant inadapté à fournir du crédit aux agriculteurs, souvent non-propriétaires, l’État confia à cet établissement de crédit la création d’une Société de crédit agricole qui naquit en 1861. Cette dernière prospéra au cours des cinq premières années. Cependant, malgré une certaine emprise de l’État, qui imposa aux deux établissements un gouverneur et deux sous-gouverneurs communs, ces derniers détournèrent les statuts de ces institutions et se lancèrent dans une série de spéculations dangereuses dès le milieu des années 1860. La spéculation sur la Dette égyptienne en 1875-1876 fut fatale à la Société de crédit agricole . Elle fut mise en liquidation et absorbée par sa maison-mère. Dès 1880, la commission de liquidation du Crédit agricole fut hébergée à la Banque d’escompte de Paris . En 1886, cette dernière fonda le Crédit agricole , Union des syndicats agricoles de France , une société sous-capitalisée, qui fut dissoute en 1901.
L’affirmation des États fédérés dans les négociations commerciales internationales : le cas de l’Accord entre le Canada et l’Union européenne
Authors: Paquin Stéphane
Published: December 2020

Les négociations commerciales internationales portent sur des enjeux de plus en plus sensibles pour les États fédérés. Dans ce contexte, plusieurs États fédérés prennent conscience que leurs compétences constitutionnelles et leur capacité à formuler et à mettre en œuvre des politiques publiques font l’objet de discussions dans le cadre de ces négociations. En réaction, plusieurs États fédérés souhaitent être inclus dans la dynamique multiniveau des négociations commerciales. La capacité d’influence des États fédérés est cependant asymétrique et dépend largement de leur statut constitutionnel. Cet article compare le rôle du Québec et celui de la Région wallonne dans les négociations commerciales entre le Canada et l’Union européenne. Alors que la Région wallonne a pu imposer l’inclusion d’un instrument juridique interprétatif pour clarifier certaines parties du traité en menaçant d’opposer son veto à la signature belge, le Québec, comme les autres provinces canadiennes, a influencé la négociation de l’intérieur laissant sa marque sur plusieurs éléments du traité.
Le design est-il en passe de devenir une science de gouvernement ? Réflexion sur les espoirs suscités par les sciences du design dans la modernisation de l’État en France (2014–2019)
Authors: Alauzen Marie , Malivel Coline
Published: December 2020

Constatant le rôle pris ces dernières années en France par le design dans la modernisation de l’État, nous nous demandons si ce dernier ne serait pas en passe de devenir une science de gouvernement au même titre que la statistique, la cartographie, la criminologie, l’archivistique, l’économie politique ou encore les études d’opinions. L’article s’inscrit dans la continuité de réflexions récentes en histoire des sciences du design et de questionnements politiques plus anciens sur les sciences de gouvernement des États modernes. En revenant sur l’incorporation du design par l’administration française de la modernisation de l’État entre 2014 et 2019, il propose une mise en ordre des interventions menées, ainsi que des espoirs et frustrations suscités par l’avènement du design en administration.
Le design comme accélérateur de projets technologiques en phase d’incubation précoce
Authors: Glaubert Daphna , Bergeron Luc
Published: December 2020

Le design est une ressource stratégique importante pour l’innovation et la croissance des entreprises. Son approche centrée sur l’utilisateur augmente les chances de succès des projets technologiques et est indispensable pour créer un avantage compétitif et réduire les risques de rejet du marché. Cependant, les jeunes ingénieurs ont peu de ressources et un temps limité pour convaincre leurs clients et investisseurs du potentiel de leurs innovations. Par conséquent, dans le cadre de ce travail, nous avons souhaité comprendre comment aider les jeunes ingénieurs à accélérer la transformation de leurs projets technologiques en phase d’incubation précoce (early-stage) en produits significatifs pour l’utilisateur par une pratique structurée du design. Pour y répondre, nous avons (1) étudié les activités du design qui contribuent au développement des projets technologiques dans les différentes phases de croissance des startups, (2) constitué une boîte à outils qui facilite les étapes problématiques de la collaboration entre designers et ingénieurs, et (3) réalisé un premier test de leur efficacité lors d’un atelier collaboratif.
Former à la recherche pour l’industrie en France ?
Authors: Fonteneau Virginie
Published: December 2020

Le titre d’ingénieur-docteur créé par décret du 30 avril 1924 doit sanctionner un « travail technique reconnu satisfaisant par un jury composé des membres de la faculté » et préparé dans un laboratoire d’une faculté des sciences. L’enjeu de ce titre est de former une nouvelle catégorie d’ingénieurs pour l’industrie : une élite formée par la recherche. Une liste d’écoles autorisées à envoyer leurs ingénieurs diplômés est publiée quelques mois plus tard, ce qui est interprété comme une reconnaissance du sérieux et du niveau de leur formation. Dans un article de 1937, le président de l’Union nationale des associations d’anciens élèves des écoles de chimie affirme que les ingénieurs-docteurs « n’apportent que rarement […] un concours efficace à l’industrie » et s’orientent de préférence vers l’enseignement. À partir de cette réflexion qui pose le problème de l’impact de ce nouveau titre dans l’industrie, cet article en analyse l’émergence ainsi que les thèses soutenues en France jusqu’en 1939.
À la recherche d’un Eldorado : les ingénieurs des mines français en Colombie au xixe siècle
Authors: Eychenne Bertrand
Published: December 2020

Dans les années 1820, un mouvement spéculatif initié par les emprunts nationaux des nouveaux États sud-américains entraîne la création d’entreprises étrangères destinées à exploiter leurs ressources minières. Celles-ci ont alors besoin d’ingénieurs sur le terrain pour évaluer les sites et diriger leur exploitation. En suivant les parcours de deux ingénieurs des mines français en Colombie au xixe siècle, nous analysons les relations qui se nouent entre ces techniciens et les entreprises minières étrangères. Elles nous montrent notamment à quel point ces ingénieurs sont nécessaires à la mise en place et au développement de ces compagnies fondées par des investisseurs. Nous verrons par ailleurs comment l’objectif de rentabilité amène les ingénieurs à utiliser les investissements étrangers avec pragmatisme en adaptant des techniques locales.
L’électrification au cœur de l’Europe
Authors: Efmertová Marcela
Published: December 2020

Le nouvel État tchécoslovaque, créé après l’effondrement de la monarchie austro-hongroise en octobre 1918 et fondé sur une démocratie pluraliste, recherchait la croissance économique et la stabilité politique. Il a pu les obtenir non seulement grâce à la position internationale acquise après la fin de la Première Guerre mondiale et fixée par le traité de Versailles, mais aussi grâce à des décisions internes qui ont assuré à la Tchécoslovaquie entre les deux guerres une certaine stabilité économique internationale. Peu après la création de la Tchécoslovaquie indépendante, en 1919, une des décisions importantes de l’État a été d’adopter une loi sur l’électrification systématique. Cet article analyse le processus d’électrification organisé par l’État tchécoslovaque par le biais de deux biographies d’ingénieurs, celles d’Emil Kolben dans le domaine de l’industrie électrotechnique et de Vladimír List dans le domaine de l’éducation et de la science en électrotechnique.
La carrière de Pierre Bézier chez Renault (1933-1975)
Authors: Michel Alain P.
Published: December 2020

Cet article présente le cas de Pierre Bézier (1910-1999), un ingénieur issu des Arts et Métiers puis de l’École supérieure d’électricité qui a fait toute sa carrière (1933-1975) dans l’entreprise automobile Renault. Bézier a été tour à tour l’artisan d’une forme originale d’automatisation (1947), un pionnier en Europe de la commande numérique (1958), puis l’un des fondateurs, à l’échelle mondiale, de l’informatique industrielle (1966). Les « courbes et surfaces de Bézier » sont au fondement de la Conception et fabrication assistées par ordinateur (CFAO) qui ont réorganisé le design, la production de série et notre monde virtuel. Pourquoi cet innovateur important est-il resté un « inconnu célèbre » ? En confrontant les archives de l’entreprise aux documents conservés par l’un de ses ingénieurs l’article mesure le destin d’un électromécanicien de génie à l’aune de l’évolution d’une usine. Il montre qu’un parcours individuel peut requestionner le passé d’une entreprise. Comment une biographie sert-elle l’histoire globale ?
La question des machines, le travail et les savoirs au xixe siècle
Authors: Jarrige François
Published: December 2020

Au xixe siècle, le développement de nouveaux systèmes techniques de production fondés sur l’emploi croissant de puissantes machines commence à bouleverser les expériences du travail comme les qualifications ouvrières. Ces nouvelles trajectoires s’accompagnent de débats, suivent des chronologies décalées et des chemins variés en fonction des territoires. Les querelles pour fixer le sens du processus et ses enjeux traversent les mondes du travail comme la sphère savante. Pour de nombreux acteurs, le triomphe de la machine menaçait les positions établies, introduisait de nouveaux risques et remettait en cause l’ancienne organisation. Peu à peu néanmoins, s’impose un « âge des machines » qui recompose les rapports sociaux dans un sens jugé bénéfique car il doit alléger les souffrances des travailleurs en accroissant les richesses produites.
Platypnea-orthodeoxia in a patient with severe COVID-19 pneumonia
Authors: Singh Komal , Kadnur Harshit , Ray Animesh , Khanna Puneet , Singh Akhil , Wig Naveet , Trikha Anjan
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 pneumonia has a significant case fatality rate and no effective antiviral drugs are available even after 9 months of the pandemic. The spectrum of COVID-19 disease ranges from asymptomatic cases to severe ARDS with myriad manifestations. Here we report a case of a male patient with severe COVID-19 ARDS who improved after receiving standard therapy but again ‘deteriorated’ after being stepped down to ward. He complained of worsening shortness of breath and hypoxemia which was found to be mainly positional. After ruling out other causes, he was labeled as a case of platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome due to underlying lung involvement.  It is important to be aware of this condition in the context of COVID-19 which can be easily diagnosed bedside with pulse oximetry
Associations of depression and anxiety with cardiovascular risk among people living with HIV/AIDS in Korea
Authors: Park Kyong Sil , Hwang Seon Young , Choi Bo Youl , Kim June , Kim Sang Il , Kim Woo-Joo , Kang Chun
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVES: As HIV/AIDS is becoming a chronic disease, the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people living with HIV/AIDS is rising. Anxiety and depression, which are common among people living with HIV/AIDS, have been linked with CVD. This study investigated the risk of CVD in people living with HIV/AIDS and explored the effects of depression and anxiety on CVD risk.METHODS: Data were collected for 457 people enrolled in the Korea Cohort HIV/AIDS study after 2010. Framingham risk scores were calculated to quantify the 10-year risk of developing CVD. Depression and anxiety variables were re-coded as a single combined variable. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed, adjusting for age, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), duration of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity after entry into the cohort, and depression/anxiety.RESULTS: Participants with both depression and anxiety were 2.28 times more likely than those with neither depression nor anxiety to have moderate/high-risk CVD risk. The 10-year risk of developing CVD was affected by LDL cholesterol, TG, age, and duration of HIV infection. LDL cholesterol and TG levels change according to the duration of HIV infection, and metabolic disorders affect the risk of CVD. Thus, a longer duration of HIV infection is associated with a higher risk of developing CVD.CONCLUSIONS: Screenings for depression and anxiety need to be provided regularly to assess the severity of those symptoms. To help decrease their risk of developing CVD, people living with HIV/AIDS should be offered behavioral modification interventions aimed at developing healthy lifestyle habits.
What are Economic, Psychological and Social Consequences of the Covid-19 Crisis on Tourism Employees?
Authors: Ozdemir Meltem Altinay
Published: December 2020

This paper purposes to investigate the economic, psychological and social effects of the Covid-19 crisis on tourism employees in Turkey. The exploratory research approach was adopted and an online interview, one of the qualitative research methods, was used for data collection. This paper presents valuable evidence to contribute to the literature by emphasizing the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on tourism employees. Tourism employees, who are the core of tourism employment, have been severely affected economically, psychologically and socially during the pandemic process. They were economically subjected to “short-term working allowance” and “severe income loss” and faced the “fear” of losing their jobs and their loved ones psychologically. Furthermore, it has been stated that they have a really “boring” social life during the pandemic. These effects have been sought to strengthen with government incentives such as “unemployment benefit, short-term working allowance, unemployment benefit for suspended personnel, credit support, pandemic social support application, Covid-19 staff training, the supply of personal protective equipment and hygienic working environment”. The Covid-19 is an unprecedented and ongoing crisis for the global tourism industry. This paper serves as a prelude to a broader field of tourism employees during the pandemic and offers theoretical and practical insight for future crises and tourism employees.
Tarihi Yapılarda Modern Restorasyon Çalışmasının Önemi
Authors: SARI ÇETİN Aysu
Published: December 2020

Tarihi yapılarda coğrafi koşullar, iklim ve çevresel etkilerden dolayı malzemenin dokusunda kaynaklanan aşınma, tahrip, eskime ve yok olma gibi etkenler oluşmaktadır. Yapıların yeniden kullanımı gereksiniminden dolayı restorasyon çalışmasını beraberinde getirmiştir. Restorasyon çalışmalarında geleneksel malzemenin kullanılmasının yanı sıra modern malzemelerin teknolojiyle beraber kullanılması yapılara fonksiyon kazandırmaktadır. Tarihi ve kültürel yapıların kimliğinin bozulmadan günümüze doğru aktarımı restorasyon açısından önemli bir yere sahiptir. Modern restorasyon çalışmaların da iç mekan ve dış mekan bir bütün olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Restorasyonda kullanılan malzemenin dayanıklılık açısından sağlam olması gerekmektedir. Günümüzde restorasyona uğramış birçok yapının estetik kaygıyla yapıldığı görülmektedir. Asıl önemli olan bugün ki koşullarda uygulanan tekniğin gelecek kuşaklara sağlamlığının ve malzeme dokusunu çok tahribata uğramasan ulaşmasını sağlamaktır. Bazen de yapılarda ek olarak yapıların işlevsel anlamda farklı mekan eklenerek tasarlandığı ve yeniden kullanıma kazandırıldığı görülmektedir.
Modern restorasyon uygulamalarında kullanılacak teknikler belirlenip bu doğrultuda hareket edilmektedir. Yapının sağlamlaştırılması ve dayanıklılığının korunması açısından restorasyon da uygulanan teknikler arasında su ile temizleme metodu, kimyasal içerikli maddeler ile temizleme metodu, ısı yöntemi ile uygulanan metodlar, mekanik yöntemler kullanılarak uygulanan metodlar, teknolojik makine ve aletler kullanılarak uygulanan teknikler hakkında bilgiler aktarılmaktadır.
State of the Art on Modeling and Optimization of Smart Electricity Networks
Authors: Wertani Hamza , Ben Salem J. , Lakhoua M. N.
Published: December 2020

The increase in population and industrialization has increased the consumption of electricity. Currently, it is impossible to live without electricity. Indeed, it is necessary for the economic, social and industrial progress in all the countries of the world. This is why we are always asked to develop all types of energy to produce clean and safe to improve energy efficiency. Indeed, the use of new renewable energy sources helps to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on centralized energy sickles. The difficulties of renewable energy-based power systems lie in their production, which is not controllable and may not meet the increase in energy demand.
Modelling Student’s Performance Using Data Mining Techniques in a Higher Learning Environment in the Pacific
Authors: Nand Ravneil , Chand Ashneel
Published: December 2020

The students’ performance in higher education has become one of the most widely studied area. Modelling student performance play a pivotal role in forecasting students’ performance where the data mining applications are now becoming most widely used techniques in this study. There are various factors, which determine the student performance. Eight attributes are used as input, which is considered most influential in determining students’ performance in the Pacific. Statistical analysis is done to see which attribute has the highest influence to student performance. In this research, different algorithms are utilized for building the classification model, each of them using various classification techniques. Some of classification techniques used are Artificial Neural Network, Decision Tree, Decision Table, and Naïve Bayes. The WEKA explorer application and R software are used for correlation test between different variables. The dataset used in this research is an imbalanced set, which is later transformed to balance set through under sampling. Neural Network is one of the classification techniques that has done well on both, imbalanced and balanced dataset. Another technique which has done well is Decision tree. Statistical analysis shows that internal assessment has weak positive relationship with student performance while demographic data is not. Further observations are reported in this research in relation to two types of datasets with application to different classification techniques
Serious with the Wordplay: Battle Rap as a Critical Literacy Site and Model
Authors: Johnson Marcus W.
Published: December 2020

Critical scholars contend it must be the duty of those who are marginalized to create pedagogy that will empower themselves. As such, researchers continue to explore ways and means by which Black male students can engage with and enact literacy. While a significant amount of research has been conducted on hip-hop pedagogies and literacy, there lacks examination into how the specific element of battle rap functions as a location to cultivate the critical consciousness of students. This research seeks to highlight how the genre of battle rap can be a pedagogical tool of literary expression, while simultaneously shedding traditional standards of instruction which have constrained learning opportunities, particularly for Black male students. Critical literacy as a theoretical framework and critical discourse analysis (CDA) as a methodology are employed to advance battle rap as an effective instructional tool. Ultimately, this study seeks to privilege the educational experiences of Black male students and complex our interpretations of how language, literacy, and culture intersect and can be exercised in US classrooms.
Language in Educational Contexts
Authors: Keefer Natalie , Haj-Broussard Michelle
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this special issue is to provide a space for scholars to disseminate theory and research about the influence of language in educational contexts. In this issue, we curated articles that address topics related to how language serves as a defining or decisive factor in education and schooling. In our introduction to this special issue, we provide an interpretive overview of the articles and offer an explanation of their relevance for understanding the complex nature of contemporary education. Salient topics include: critical analysis of discourse, linguistic landscapes, Natural Semantic Metalanguage, language ideology, politics and educational funding, funds of knowledge/identity, and definitional caveats related to language learning pedagogies in divergent contexts.
Development of an Automated MATLAB Based Platform for the Analysis of Massive EEG Datasets
Authors: Fonseca Daniel J. , Heim Isaac
Published: December 2020

EEG studies consist of multiple sessions. Individually loading and processing each data set is repetitive and time consuming. Finding the action markers embedded into the data can be difficult since the times of these markers vary greatly between individuals. These markers indicate sections that need to be analyzed. Based on the particularities of each marker, individual data segments or sections have to be treated differently or independently from each other. Therefore, splitting an EEG data file in order to compare sections or even analyze one section independently can be beneficial. However, de-identified and uniquely named files can be difficult to run through a program since they usually follow ununiformed naming conventions. While file re-naming is an option, this adds additional steps into identifying the nature and uniqueness of the data. Also, the manually renaming of data files is prone to error in larger studies. All of these challenges add up to considerable hurdles and difficulties when processing and filtering data originated from multiple EEG sessions. A series of MATLAB computer scripts developed by the authors of this paper address these problems
Characterization of Baboon Cortical Bone Microstructural Changes by Low Field NMR and Correlation of Bone Mechanical Properties
Authors: Ni Qingwen , Tinajero Anahi , Nicolella Daniel P.
Published: December 2020

A NMR spin-spin (T2) relaxation technique has been described for determining the porosity, mobile and the bound water distribution in baboon cortical bone and correlate to their mechanical properties. The technique of low-field proton NMR involves spin-spin relaxation and free induction decay (FID) measurements, and the computational inversion methods for decay data analysis. The advantages of using NMR T2 relaxation techniques for bone water distribution are illustrated. The CPMG T2 relaxation data can be inverted to T2 relaxation distribution and this distribution then can be transformed to a pore size distribution with the longer relaxation times corresponding to larger pores. The FID T2 relaxation data can be inverted to T2 relaxation distribution and this distribution then can be transformed to bound and mobile water distribution with the longest relaxation time corresponding to mobile water and the middle relaxation time corresponding to bound water. The technique is applied to quantify apparent changes in porosity, bound and mobile water in cortical bone. Overall bone porosity is determined using the calibrated NMR fluid volume from the proton relaxation data divided by overall bone volume. The NMR porosity, bound and mobile water components are determined from cortical bone specimens obtained from baboon donors of different ages, and the results are correlated to bone mechanical properties.
Intergenerational Transmission of Cultural Values in Korean American Families: An Analysis of the Verb Suffix –ta
Authors: Park Eunjin
Published: December 2020

Drawing on the concept of language socialization, this study investigates ways in which parents and grandparents of three–generational Korean–American households socialize children into certain cultural values through the use of a particular linguistic feature in Korean: the verb suffix –ta. All six participating families had at least one child between the ages of two and four, spoke Korean as the mother tongue, and had at least one grandparent who regularly interacted with the child. Approximately 70 hours of family interactions were video–recorded and 202 utterances ending with –ta were examined. An analysis of the –ta utterances reveals that this linguistic marker is used mostly by Korean adults to compliment children's desirable behavior or accomplishments as well as to criticize their undesirable behavior. In addition, –ta is used by parents and grandparents to warn children of the consequences of their actions. Although the children were observed using –ta sometimes, their relatively restricted usage of this linguistic marker was confined to complimenting their own work rather than evaluating their parents' or grandparents' actions, thus reinforcing culturally asymmetrical power relationships between members of different generations in Korean–American families. This paper argues that learning the socially appropriate uses of linguistic markers in Korean such as –ta is made possible largely through sustained intergenerational interaction in informal family situations. The findings suggest the importance of intergenerational socialization in the transmission of heritage languages.
Lost in Between: the Case of Russian Heritage Speakers
Authors: Isurin Ludmila , Ivanova-Sullivan Tanya
Published: December 2020

The present paper looks at the growing population of Russian heritage speakers from a linguistic and psycholinguistic perspective. The study attempts to clarify further the notion of heritage language by comparing the linguistic performance of heritage speakers with that of monolinguals and second language learners. The amount of exposure to L1/L2, the age at which immigration to the U.S. occurred, degree of literacy in Russian, and metalinguistic awareness were among the sociolinguistic factors considered in the present study. The qualitative in-group and cross-group analyses revealed syntactic and morphological features that characterize Russian as a heritage language. The performance of heritage speakers on the narrative task differed from that of Russian monolinguals and American learners of Russian.
Шопенгауэр и Беккет: травма модерна и комедия воплощения
Authors: Sidorov Alexey M.
Published: December 2020

Культура современности вырастает из травматического опыта «европейского нигилизма» и «смерти Бога», то есть разрыва с традицией и распада единого онтологического и социального порядка. Одним из проявлений культурной травмы модерна стало возникновение субъект-объектного дуализма, в результате чего развоплощенный человеческий субъект оказался противопоставленным безличному и бессознательному материальному миру, включающему и его собственное тело. Проблема нигилизма как травма кризиса смыслов будет решаться, начиная с эпохи романтизма, в том числе и в ряде попыток преодолеть тревогу пустоты формальной автономии субъекта и разобраться в парадоксах воплощенности. Целью статьи является анализ проблемы телесности в контексте новоевропейского субъект-объектного дуализма в творчестве С.Беккета, а также в философии А.Шопенгауэра, оказавшей на Беккета решающее влияние. В результате исследования был сформулирован особый способ проработки новоевропейской травмы развоплощенности, заключающийся не в консервативном стремлении восстановить разрушенное и не в революционном преодолении, а в апоретическом, деконструктивном опыте неразрешимости и колебания на границе субъект-объектного раскола, позволяющем сохранить «обещание счастья» и надежду на искупление, не уклоняясь от опыта разочарованности, присущего современности, и сохраняя присутствие духа в комедии воплощения. Философское и художественное осмысление проблемы телесности в творчестве Шопенгауэра и Беккета является одним из сущностных ответов на модерный кризис оснований жизни.
Сшей ты мне, матушка, красное ханьфу
Authors: Yakushenkov Serguey N.
Published: December 2020

Рецензия на книгу Carrico, K. (2017). The Great Han: Race, Nationalism, and Tradition in China Today. Oakland: University of California Press. (Каррико, К. Великая хань: раса, национализм и традиция в современном Китае)
Application of Image Processing Techniques for Autonomous Cars
Authors: Shaun Fernandes  , Dhruv Duseja  , Muthalagu Raja
Published: December 2020

This paper aims to implement different image processing techniques that will help to control an autonomous car. A multistage pre-processing technique is used to detect the lanes, street signs, and obstacles accurately. The images captured from the autonomous car are processed by the proposed system which is used to control the autonomous vehicle. Canny edge detection was applied to the captured image for detecting the edges, Also, Hough transform was used to detect and mark the lanes immediately to the left and right of the car. This work attempts to highlight the importance of autonomous cars which drastically increase road safety and improve the efficiency of driving compared to human drivers. The performance of the proposed system is observed by the implementation of the autonomous car that is able to detect and classify the stop signs and other vehicles.
APPLICATION THE POINT FOUNDATION (PF) METHOD FOR SOFT SOIL IMPROVEMENT: A CASE STUDY FROM VETNAM
Authors: Son Bui Truong
Published: December 2020

The point foundation method is the head enlarged cement deep mixing columns with high-quality control which can be used for soft ground improvement. The article aims to present the application of this method to treat soft soil for the foundation of Samse Vina factory, Ninh Binh province. The thickness of soft soil varies from 5.4 m to 7.4 m with high compressibility and low shear strength. Thus, point foundation was used to improve this layer. The prediction methods of soil bearing capacity and the settlement on the point foundation were calculated. After the treatment of soil, the unconfined compression strength of the point foundation column was determined and the static compression test for the point foundation column was also performed. The research results show that this method can significantly reduce the settlement of shallow footing and improved the bearing capacity of the soil. The final settlement of shallow footing was smaller than 2.54 cm and the bearing capacity of soil treatment can be satisfied with the requirement of construction building. This is a successful case of the application of point foundation to improve soft soil in Vietnam.
NATURE, INACTION AND ILLUSION: THE INFLUENCE OF TAOISM ON AMERICAN POETRY IN THE 20TH CENTURY
Authors: Lihong Zhu , Feng Wang
Published: December 2020

Taoism is one of the most fundamental thoughts in China, and Laozi’s Taoist theory is even more brilliant, shining through the entire history of Chinese culture. Taoist culture and thoughts through translation have influenced American poetry directly or indirectly. Tao Te Ching (also Laozi) has become the most widely translated Chinese classic in history with the largest circulation overseas. Moreover, its translation has become second only to the Bible. At present, most scholars tend to comment on its translations, and there are few researches on the influence of Taoist thoughts after translation. Therefore, this paper intends to focus on the influences of Taoism on American poetry after translation. The study is based on three major cultural movements in the 20th century in the United States: the New Poetry Movement, the Beat Movement and the Deep Imagist Movement, taking typical poems in these movements as the research objects. The study intends to illustrate the great influences of Taoism on the three cultural movements in the 20th century in the United States by means of close reading, comparative analysis from the perspective of diachronic research. It first introduces the three American movements briefly, enumerates the poets who absorbed Taoist ideas in the movements, and then explains specifically what thoughts they absorbed from Taoism through the comparative analysis between the original Taoist thoughts and the thoughts in American poet’s poetry. It demonstrated in detail that American poets absorbed Taoist thoughts that have an impact on their poetry writing as poets. During the New Poetry Movement, the poets advocated the Taoists view of nature. During the Beat Movement, they paid close attention to the view of “inaction”, while the poets of the Deep Image Group concentrated on the illusion under the view of “homogeneous things”, which promoted the diversified development of American poetry.

 

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TRANSLATION STRATEGIES OF METAPHORS IN POLITICAL TEXTS – A CASE STUDY OF THE REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT 2020
Authors: Feng Tingting , Wang Feng
Published: December 2020

As a cognitive phenomenon, metaphor is frequently used in political texts, which have been gradually standardized and characterized in China in recent years. Appropriate metaphors can better convey political information and express political stance. Therefore, the accurate translation of metaphor is of great importance. It can not only help to improve the effect of publicity, but also contribute to the construction of national discourse. Based on the bilingual version of the Report on the Work of the Government 2020 (RWG), this study discusses the translation strategies of metaphors in political texts, so as to provide references for the translation of political texts, thereby improving the publicity efficiency and promoting the construction of national discourse.

 

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A STUDY ON THE TANG POETRY TRANSLATION IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF "HARMONY-GUIDED THREE-LEVEL POETRY TRANSLATION CRITERIA" - A CASE STUDY OF LI BAI'S "LOOKING AT THE MOUNT SKY GATE"
Authors: Congcong Wang , Feng Wang
Published: December 2020

The poetry of Tang is a kind of classic literature of China and famous historical heritage. Taking the "Harmony-guided Three-Level poetry translation criteria" as the theoretical basis, this paper compares the translations of two translators of different styles in different periods of Li Bai's "Looking at the Mount Sky Gate" from the macro, middle and micro levels. As for the Chinese translator Xu Yuanchong, his version has high formal beauty and musical beauty. Besides the expression of a few images, he also gave a good consideration to "the beauty of numbers". Rewi Alley's translation is a free verse, but he tries to approach the original poem in terms of meaning. By the analysis of the above two versions, the authors endeavor to give their own version according to the "Harmony-guided Three-Level poetry translation criteria". The translation study of "Looking at the Mount Sky Gate" can enrich the theory of "Harmony-guided Three-Level poetry translation criteria" and promote the spread of Chinese literature and culture.

 

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PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST SECTOR AND VENTURE CAPITAL INVESTMENT TRUST SECTOR IN TURKEY
Authors: AKTAŞ Metin , DARWİSH Zabiullah
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study is to compare performance of the real estate investment trust (REIT) sector and venture capital investment trusts (VCIT) sector in Turkey. In order to accomplish this purpose, Data Enveloped Analysis is utilized by using the data of 32 REIT and 7 VCIT for the yearly term of 2014-2019. In addition, while net profit amount and profit per share are used as output variables, risky investment amount, total equity amount, total asset amount are used as input variables. At the end of the analysis, in general it is concluded that the real estate investment trust sector hashigher efficiency than venture capital investment trust sector has. Besides, according to the Malmquist Productivity results, again real estate investment trust sector has more productivity than the venture capital investment trust sector has.
Hisse Senedi Fiyatlarının Markov Zincirleri ile Analizi: BIST 100 Şirketleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama
Authors: YENİSU Ersin
Published: December 2020

Stokastik süreçlere dayalı Markov zincirleri analizi yaklaşımı deterministik sayısal yöntemlerden bazı özellikleriyle farklılıklar taşımaktadır. Bir Markovyen süreçte gelecek yalnızca şimdiye koşullu bir olasılıkla bağlı ve bu nedenle geçmişten bağımsızdır. Markov zincirleri yöntemini finansal piyasalara uygulamayı amaçlayan bu çalışmada BIST 100 şirketleri arasından en yüksek işlem hacmine sahip 10 hisse senedi belirlenmiş ve yöntem söz konusu hisse senetlerinin 31.12.2018-31.12.2019 günlük fiyat kapanış verilerine uygulanmıştır. Çalışmanın farklılığı kullanılan yöntemin oynaklık seviyesi nispeten az olan başlıca pay senetlerine uygulanmış olmasıdır. Elde edilen bulgular hisse senetlerinin uzun dönem beklenen getirilerindeki farklılığa işaret etmektedir.
Chronic High Fat Diet Induced Weight Gain, Hyperglycaemia and Cognitive Impairment in Albino Mice
Authors: Abi I , Adeniyi SO , Abi E , Imam MU
Published: December 2020

With the global rise in consumption of western diet, obesity is becoming a pandemic. High fat and high calorie diet (though more palatable) have been associated with a range of metabolic disorders. Oxidative stress and insulin resistance have a link to the dietary etiology of diabetes and obesity; on the other hand, neuroinflammation and abnormal brain insulin signaling is said to cause cognitive decline when high fat diet (HFD) is consumed. In this study, mice were fed a home-made HFD with a total energy content of 5340kcal/kg. The overall energy contribution of saturated and unsaturated fat was about 70%. Animals were divided into Group I and II of 5 mice each. Group I (control group) were fed normal chow and water ad libidum. Group II (test group) were fed HFD and water ad libidum. HFD significantly (p<0.05) increased the body weight of the test group (40 ±7.7) as compared to control (30 ± 2.9). Blood glucose levels in the test group was also significantly higher (111.6 ± 5.2) compared to the control (77.6 ± 8.7). Morris water maze escape latency in the test group was not significantly different (68 ± 26.3) compared to the control (72 ± 20.9). Similarly, the time spent in target quadrant in the test group was not significantly different (20.8 ± 10.9) compared to the control (15.8 ± 5.6). In the Y-maze the control group had a significantly higher (29.6 ± 3.5) percentage alternations compared to the test group (21 ± 13.1). It is obvious that the chronic administration of HFD in mice altered the body's metabolic processes as evident in the significant weight gain, hyperglycemia and cognitive deficit. These can be attributed to the oxidative damage, insulin dysregulation and pro-inflammatory potentials of HFD.
Demiryollarında Ön Germeli Traverslerin Farklı İşletme Yükleri Altında Mekanik Analizi
Authors: SARIKAVAK Yasin
Published: December 2020

Demiryollarında altyapı ve üstyapı en önemli bileşenler arasında yer almakta ve zorlu çevresel koşullara maruz kalmaktadır. Dinamik ve statik yükleri taşıyan, farklı iklim şartları altında çevresel koşullardan öncelikli olarak demiryolu altyapı ve üstyapı sistemleri etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, demiryolu sistemleri için kritik bileşenler arasında yer alan ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları (TCDD) bünyesinde ağırlıklı olarak kullanılan B70 ön germeli beton traverslerin farklı yükleme koşulları altında mekanik davranışları sonlu elemanlar yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonlu elemanlar modeli zemin dolgu, alt balast ve balast katmanları; SKL14 tipi ray kıskacı, kauçuk malzemeden üretilmiş ray pedi, ray, travers ve demiryolu tekerinden oluşmaktadır. Analiz sonucu elde edilen deformasyon değerleri aynı yükler altında yapılmış deneysel çalışma sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırılmıştır. Geliştirilen sonlu elemanlar modeli sonucu elde edilen analiz sonuçlarının deneysel sonuçlarla uyumlu olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
ÖĞRENCİLERİN HEMŞİRELİKTE ARAŞTIRMALARA YÖNELİK TUTUM VE FARKINDALIKLARI
Authors: CAN Rana , TAMBAĞ Hatice , CAN SÜRMELİ Funda
Published: December 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin hemşirelikte araştırma ve gelişmelere yönelik farkındalık ve tutum düzeyleri ile etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesi ve konu hakkında farkındalık yaratmaktır.Yöntem: Araştırmanın evrenini Akdeniz bölgesinde bir üniversitenin sağlık yüksekokulu hemşirelik bölümünün ikinci ve dördüncü sınıfında okuyan 174 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır (%89.65). Tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışmanın örneklemini 156 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında; Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu ve Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Hemşirelikte Araştırma ve Gelişmelere Farkındalığı ve Tutumu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzde frekans dağılımı, ortalama, bağımsız grup t Test, Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal-Wallis Test kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 20.85 ± 12.09, %66.02’si kadın, %66.6’sı ikinci sınıf öğrencisidir. Öğrencilerin %50.64’ ü bilimsel toplantılara katıldıklarını; %41. 66’sı hiç bilimsel dergi okumadıklarını belirtmiştir. Katılımcıların %60.89’unun araştırma dersi aldığı, % 59.61’ inin biyoistatistik dersi almadığı, %84.61’inin araştırma deneyiminin olmadığı bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin araştırmaya yönelik tutum ve farkındalık puan ortalaması 122.03 ± 16.28’dır. Bu çalışmada, sadece yaş ile ölçek puan ortalaması arasında anlamlı fark saptanmıştır (p < 0.05).Sonuç ve Öneriler: Bu çalışmada, öğrenci hemşirelerin genel olarak araştırma yapmaya yönelik farkındalık ve tutumlarının olumlu olduğu saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerden yaşı küçük olanların, ikinci sınıfta okuyanların, hemşire olarak çalışanların, kadınların, fen lisesi mezunlarının, bilimsel araştırma yapma deneyimi olmayanların, bilimsel dergi okuyanların araştırma yapmaya yönelik farkındalık ve tutum ölçek puan ortalaması daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin araştırmaya yönelik tutumlarını ve farkındalıklarını arttırmaya yönelik eğitimlerin planlanması, mezuniyet sonrasında benzer çalışmaların yapılması önerilir.
CONFIRMACIÓN DE RAZAS GEOGRÁFICAS DE AMARANTO (Amaranthus spp.) POR ANÁLISIS DISCRIMINANTE CANÓNICO
Authors: Espitia Rangel Eduardo , Escobedo López Diana , Núñez Colín Carlos A. , Aguilar Delgado Miriam J. , Rivas Valencia Patricia , Sesma Hernández Luisa F.
Published: December 2020

El amaranto comprende tres especies del género Amaranthus (Amaranthus cruentus, A. hypochondriacus y A. caudatus), que presentan una diversidad morfológica alta, razón por la cual desde la década de 1990 se ha tratado de clasificarlas en razas para diferenciarlas y contribuir a los programas de mejoramiento genético. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar 53 genotipos de razas nativas: Azteca, Mercado, Mixteca, Nepal (A. hypochondriacus), Africana, Guatemalteca, Mexicana (A. cruentus) y Sudamericana (A. caudatus), utilizando rasgos morfológicos y fenológicos. Las accesiones utilizadas se plantaron en el Campo Experimental Valle de México ubicado en Santa Lucía de Prías, estado de México (ciclo de cultivo primavera-verano 2013) para registrar las variables fenológicas y morfológicas. Las semillas se digitalizaron y analizaron con ImageTool. Después se realizó un análisis discriminante canónico con la distancia de Mahalanobis y las razas como variable clasificatoria; también se realizó un MANOVA y una comparación de medias de Tukey para raíces canónicas; todos los análisis se procesaron en SAS. El análisis discriminante canónico distinguió perfectamente las razas, las cuales se agruparon de acuerdo con su especie. Los rasgos principales para distinguir los grupos de la Raíz Canónica 1 fueron los relacionados con la fenología y la morfología de las plantas; para la Raíz Canónica 2, los rasgos relacionados con la forma de la semilla; y para la Raíz Canónica 3, los rasgos relacionados con el tamaño de la semilla. La clasificación por razas de las especies mexicanas de amaranto dan alternativas para sistemática, conservación, manejo y ordenación del germoplasma para el mejoramiento del cultivo.
Éditorial : Ce qu'il restera...
Authors: Geslin Benoît
Published: December 2020

All that remains
Application of the non-infectious epidemiology bases to solve hygiene problems
Authors: Rusakov Nikolay V. , Rakhmanin Yury A. , Rusakova Ekaterina V.
Published: December 2020

The efforts of various branches of medical science, among which hygiene and epidemiology are of leading importance, aim at preventing human diseases. They have much in common since they aim at studying the causes, mechanisms, patterns, and consequences of human diseases and scientific justification of ways to prevent them. Although there are already more than the extensive experience of their joint use to combat various health pathologies, epidemiological approaches and methods of relevant research in hygiene are not to be applied appropriately. In hygienic studies, somebody paid more attention to the investigation of the properties, characteristics, and features of various positive and, especially, adverse environmental factors than to their impact on human health, the development and registration of the resulting health or pathological processes, including the analysis of the features of the manifestation and course of environmentally caused diseases of the population. Since the health of the population is mostly determined by sanitary-epidemiological and hygienic well-being, this article highlights the need for interaction of these disciplines.