bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the alpha activity envelope in electroencephalography in relation to the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory neural activity
Authors: Sano Misako , Nishiura Yuko , Morikawa Izumi , Hoshino Aiko , Uemura Jun-ichi , Iwatsuki Katsuyuki , Hirata Hitoshi , Hoshiyama Minoru
Published: June 2024

Alpha waves, one of the major components of resting and awake cortical activity in human electroencephalography (EEG), are known to show waxing and waning, but this phenomenon has rarely been analyzed. In the present study, we analyzed this phenomenon from the viewpoint of excitation and inhibition. The alpha wave envelope was subjected to secondary differentiation. This gave the positive (acceleration positive, Ap) and negative (acceleration negative, An) values of acceleration and their ratio (Ap-An ratio) at each sampling point of the envelope signals for 60 seconds. This analysis was performed on 36 participants with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 23 with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and 29 age-matched healthy participants (NC) whose data were provided as open datasets. The mean values of the Ap-An ratio for 60 seconds at each EEG electrode were compared between the NC and AD/FTD groups. The AD (1.41 ±0.01 (SD)) and FTD (1.40 ±0.02) groups showed a larger Ap-An ratio than the NC group (1.38 ±0.02, p<0.05). A significant correlation between the envelope amplitude of alpha activity and the Ap-An ratio was observed at most electrodes in the NC group (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r = -0.92 ±0.15, mean for all electrodes), whereas the correlation was disrupted in AD (-0.09 ±0.21, p<0.05) and disrupted in the frontal region in the FTD group. The present method analyzed the envelope of alpha waves from a new perspective, that of excitation and inhibition, and it could detect properties of the EEG, Ap-An ratio, that have not been revealed by existing methods. The present study proposed a new method to analyze the alpha activity envelope in electroencephalography, which could be related to excitatory and inhibitory neural activity.
Clinical and analytical validation of an 82-gene comprehensive genome-profiling panel for identifying and interpreting variants responsible for inherited retinal dystrophies
Authors: Chan Jacqueline , Holdstock Jolyon , Shovelton John , Reid James , Speight Graham , Molha Duarte , Pullabhatla Venu , Carpenter Stephanie , Uddin Ezam , Washio Takanori , Sato Hiroko , Izumi Yuuki , Watanabe Reiko , Niiro Hayato , Fukushima Yoshiyuki , Ashida Naoko , Hirose Takashi , Maeda Akiko
Published: June 2024

Inherited retinal dystrophies comprise a clinically complex and heterogenous group of diseases characterized by visual impairment due to pathogenic variants of over 300 different genes. Accurately identifying the causative gene and associated variant is crucial for the definitive diagnosis and subsequent selection of precise treatments. Consequently, well-validated genetic tests are required in the clinical practice. Here, we report the analytical and clinical validation of a next-generation sequencing targeted gene panel, the PrismGuide IRD Panel System. This system enables comprehensive genome profiling of 82 genes related to inherited retinal dystrophies. The PrismGuide IRD Panel System demonstrated 100% (n = 43) concordance with Sanger sequencing in detecting single-nucleotide variants, small insertions, and small deletions in the target genes and also in assessing their zygosity. It also identified copy-number loss in four out of five cases. When assessing precision, we evaluated the reproducibility of variant detection with 2,160 variants in 144 replicates and found 100% agreement in terms of single-nucleotide variants (n = 1,584) and small insertions and deletions (n = 576). Furthermore, the PrismGuide IRD Panel System generated sufficient read depth for variant calls across the purine-rich and highly repetitive open-reading frame 15 region of RPGR and detected all five variants tested. These results show that the PrismGuide IRD Panel System can accurately and consistently detect single-nucleotide variants and small insertions and deletions. Thus, the PrismGuide IRD Panel System could serve as useful tool that is applicable in clinical practice for identifying the causative genes based on the detection and interpretation of variants in patients with inherited retinal dystrophies and can contribute to a precise molecular diagnosis and targeted treatments.
Experiences and challenges of people living with multiple long-term conditions in managing their care in primary care settings in Kerala, India: A qualitative study
Authors: Joseph Linju , Krishnan Athira , Lekha Thoniparambil Ravindranathanpillai , Sasidharan Neethu , Thulaseedharan Jissa Vinoda , Valamparampil Mathew Joseph , Harikrishnan Sivadasanpillai , Greenfield Sheila , Gill Paramjit , Davies Justine , Manaseki-Holland Semira , Jeemon Panniyammakal
Published: June 2024

Background

Multimorbidity or multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), the coexistence of two or more chronic conditions within an individual, presents a growing concern for healthcare systems and individuals’ well-being. However, we know little about the experiences of those living with MLTCs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as India. We explore how people living with MLTCs describe their illness, their engagements with healthcare services, and challenges they face within primary care settings in Kerala, India.

Methods

We designed a qualitative descriptive study and conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 31 people (16 males and 15 females) from family health centres (FHCs) in Kerala. Interview data were recorded, transcribed, and thematic analysis using the Framework Method was undertaken.

Findings

Two main themes and three sub-themes each were identified; (1) Illness impacts on life (a)physical issues (b) psychological difficulties (c) challenges of self-managementand (2) Care-coordination maze(a)fragmentation and poor continuity of care (b) medication management; an uphill battle and (c) primary care falling short. All participants reported physical and psychological challenges associated with their MLTCs. Younger participants reported difficulties in their professional lives, while older participants found household activities challenging. Emotional struggles encompassed feelings of hopelessness and fear rooted in concerns about chronic illness and physical limitations. Older participants, adhering to Kerala’s familial support norms, often found themselves emotionally distressed by the notion of burdening their children. Challenges in self-management, such as dietary restrictions, medication adherence, and physical activity engagement, were common. The study highlighted difficulties in coordinating care, primarily related to traveling to multiple healthcare facilities, and patients’ perceptions of FHCs as fit for diabetes and hypertension management rather than their multiple conditions. Additionally, participants struggled to manage the task of remembering and consistently taking multiple medications, which was compounded by confusion and memory-related issues.

Conclusion

This study offers an in-depth view of the experiences of individuals living with MLTCs from Kerala, India. It emphasizes the need for tailored and patient-centred approaches that enhance continuity and coordination of care to manage complex MLTCs in India and similar LMICs.
Believability: Sexual Violence, Media and the Politics of Doubt, Sarah Banet-Weiser and Kathryn Claire Higgins (2023)
Authors: Baker Andrea Jean
Published: June 2024

Review of: Believability: Sexual Violence, Media and the Politics of Doubt, Sarah Banet-Weiser and Kathryn Claire Higgins (2023)

Cambridge: Polity Books, 258 pp.,

ISBN 978-1-50955-381-5, h/bk, AUD 103.95

ISBN 978-1-50955-382-2, p/bk, AUD 32.95

ISBN 978-1-50955-383-9, e-book, AUD 26.99
Antinegritude e resistência nos comentarios à coluna de Djamila Ribeiro na Folha de SP
Authors: De Oliveira Daniele
Published: June 2024

O objetivo deste artigo é problematizar as ideologias da antinegritude e de resistência presentes nos comentários postados na coluna da filósofa Djamila Ribeiro, no webjornal brasileiro Folha de São Paulo. Para tanto, parti dos conceitos de antinegritude, racismo, ideologia e resistência, com vistas a direcionar a análise às mencionadas ideologias. A discussão está fundamentada na abordagem sociocognitiva do discurso, proposta por Teun van Dijk, no escopo dos Estudos Críticos do Discurso. A análise demonstrou, em linhas gerais, que a ideologia antinegritude é mais recorrente no contexto do jornalismo online, ao passo que a ideologia da resistência é, por sua vez, mais criticamente embasada.
Vitale, María Alejandra (comp.), Rutinas del mal. Estudios discursivos sobre archivos de la represión, Buenos Aires, 2020, Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires (EUDEBA), 304 p., ISBN 978-950-23-3135-5
Authors: Klemen Tomás Federico
Published: June 2024

Vitale, María Alejandra (comp.), Rutinas del mal. Estudios discursivos sobre archivos de la represión, Buenos Aires, 2020, Editorial Universitaria de Buenos Aires (EUDEBA), 304 p., ISBN 978-950-23-3135-5.
Investigation of the Role of Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Improving Clinical Decision Making for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation
Authors: Yadav Madhu , Verma Pushpendra Kumar , Ansari Sumaiya
Published: June 2024

Musculoskeletal rehabilitation is an important aspect of healthcare that involves the treatment and management of injuries and conditions affecting the muscles, bones, joints, and related tissues. Clinical decision-making in musculoskeletal rehabilitation involves complex and multifactorial considerations that can be challenging for healthcare professionals. Machine learning and deep learning techniques have the potential to enhance clinical judgement in musculoskeletal rehabilitation by providing insights into complex relationships between patient characteristics, treatment interventions, and outcomes. These techniques can help identify patterns and predict outcomes, allowing for personalized treatment plans and improved patient outcomes. In this investigation, we explore the various applications of machine learning and deep learning in musculoskeletal rehabilitation, including image analysis, predictive modelling, and decision support systems. We also examine the challenges and limitations associated with implementing these techniques in clinical practice and the ethical considerations surrounding their use. This investigation aims to highlight the potential benefits of using machine learning and deep learning in musculoskeletal rehabilitation and the need for further research to optimize their use in clinical practice.
Epidemia e pandemia criminalis:
Authors: Durigon Luís Gustavo , Fayet Fábio Agne , Noronha Pedro Henrique Baiotto
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho está albergado no âmbito nos crimes contra saúde pública, precisamente para delimitação entre o crime de epidemia e a pandemia criminal, a plêiade de condutas criminosas que brotou em ebulição nos tempos estranhos e excepcionais vividos a partir do ano de 2020. Neste cenário, avultaram situações fáticas que desafiam a imputação pela prática do crime de epidemia, de modo que o problema de pesquisa consiste na seguinte indagação: é possível a imputação pelo crime de epidemia em meio à pandemia? A primeira hipótese reside na lógica semântica de ser possível tal imputação; e a segunda, um pouco mais ousada, a partir da impossibilidade desta imputação, reside em - no mínimo - delimitar o crime de epidemia e invocar os demais possíveis tipos penais aplicáveis a condutas decorrentes deste estado de pandemia. Os objetivos principais vêm atrelados à verificação dos contornos do crime de epidemia e tipos mais próximos, balizando, em alguma medida, os caminhos legítimos para eventual imputação destes. A relevância é dada pela prática diária que noticiou eventos criminais próprios dos tempos pandêmicos, quase sempre atrelados ao crime de epidemia, desafiando o discernimento entre este tipo penal e os demais que lhe são afetos, exigindo a análise. Adotou-se como método de abordagem o dedutivo, pautando a técnica de pesquisa pelo tipo bibliográfico, exploratório e qualitativo, por seu viés eminentemente prático na leitura do tema, permitindo que se conclua pela necessidade de novas luzes de análise e verificação da imputação penal em relação aos crimes desta natureza.
İyimserlik-Kötümserlik Ölçeği Türkçe Geçerlik Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Tasa Hande , Topçu Seray
Published: June 2024

Bu çalışmada, Khalek ve Lester (2006) tarafından geliştirilen Arapça İyimserlik Kötümserlik Ölçeği’nin (The Arabic Scale of Optimism and Pessimism) Türkçe’ye uyarlama sürecindeki geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizlerine yer verilmiştir. Ölçek uyarlama çalışmasında keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri için iki farklı örneklemden (N1 = 274, N2 = 310) veri toplanmıştır. Keşfedici faktör analizi sonucunda elde edilen iki faktörlü yapı (İyimserlik Kötümserlik), doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarında doğrulanmıştır. Ölçeğin ölçüt bağımlı geçerliğini test etmek amacıyla mutluluk korkusu ölçeği ve Beck umutsuzluk ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. Güvenirlik analizleri için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı incelenmiş ve ölçeğin alt faktörlerine ait Cronbach alfa değerlerinin sırasıyla, .937 (F1-İyimserlik Boyutu) ve .955 (F2-Kötümserlik Boyutu) şeklinde olduğu görülmüştür. Gerçekleştirilen analizler sonucunda İyimserlik Kötümserlik Ölçeği Türkçe Formunun “iyimserlik” ve “kötümserlik” olmak üzere iki faktörlü ve 27 maddeden oluşan yapısı ile Türkçe alan yazında yapılacak olan çalışmalar için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçüm aracı olduğu görülmüştür.
Spatiotemporal Evaluation of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Case in Karang Intan District, South Kalimantan, 2020-2021
Authors: Lasari Hadrianti Haji Darise , Amelia Amelia , Fakhriadi Rudi , Rosadi Dian , Musafaah Musafaah , Ali Indra Haryanto
Published: June 2024

Pulmonary Tuberculosis, hereinafter abbreviated as pulmonary TB, is an infectious disease caused by a group of acid-resistant bacteria, namely Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pulmonary TB is also still a major health problem in Banjar District, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. This research is a descriptive study that aims to identify spatial and temporal clusters of pulmonary TB cases in Karang Intan District, Banjar Regency during 2020 – 2021. The statistical retrospective space-time scan with a Poisson probability model was performed to analyzed the data. The spatial units analyzed in this study included 26 villages in Karang Intan District, with a time unit of 2 years, namely 2020 – 2021. The results of the analysis show that there were 3 clusters of pulmonary TB detected and spread across 26 villages in Karang Intan District. There were 2 clusters in 2020, and 1 cluster in 2021. The transmission of pulmonary TB clusters during 2020-2021 was mostly found in areas with relatively medium or high population density. However, the three detected clusters show a P-value > 0,05 which indicates that the clusters are not statistically significant.
A Review on Digital Microscopic Images for Plasmodium Parasite Detection
Authors: Nisworo Sapto , Prananda Alifia Revan
Published: June 2024

Indonesia is one of the regions that contribute to the increasing number of malaria cases. In 2019, more than 250 million malaria cases were found in Indonesia. This phenomenon is caused by several factors, including the examination procedure. In Indonesia, the digital microscopic examination has become the gold standard procedure in detecting and diagnosing malaria, whereas this procedure requires considerable expertise. Hence, the rapid examination is difficult to ensure. In order to overcome this problem, several methods of malaria detection have been proposed with a different approach. Image processing and computer vision techniques have become a powerful approach in the development of early detection systems called computer-aided detection (CADe) and computer-aided diagnosis (CADx). Several previous findings reported their contributions in detecting Plasmodium parasites using image processing and computer vision. Recently, artificial intelligence, including machine learning and deep learning, also offered outstanding results in detecting the Plasmodium parasite. This paper aims to present a scientific review of recent image processing and computer vision applications for the development of CADe or CADx in order to assist the doctor in doing rapid detection and diagnosis.
Rural-Urban Food Price Inflation Disparities in the United States
Authors: Li Qingxiao
Published: June 2024

This paper shows that food price inflation varies across rural, urban, and metro counties in the United States. To quantify this disparity, we calculate food price indices using retail scanner data. Our indices suggest that between 2006 and 2020, rural areas had an overall higher food price inflation compared to urban and metro regions, with food price inflation averaging 0.7 percent lower in urban areas and 1.6 percent lower in metro areas. Additionally, we examine shifts in these disparities during key periods. We find that during the Great Recession, these differences were negligible, but in the post-Great Recession years, urban and metro areas consistently had lower food price inflation. However, the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 led to a shift, with both urban and metro areas experiencing higher food price inflation, surpassing rural regions.
Contrast-enhanced near-infrared photoacoustic microscopy and optical coherence tomography imaging of rat fundus
Authors: Du Fengxian , Niu Chen , Zeng Silue , Chen Jingqin , Liu Chengbo , Dai Cuixia
Published: June 2024

In this paper, we design a multimodal visible/near-infrared photoacoustic microscopy and optical coherence tomography (VIS/NIR-PAM-OCT) system for imaging both retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/choroid complex layer. F127 and DSPE-PEG-cRGD encapsulated IR-1048 nanoparticles (FINPs) exhibiting absorption peak up to 1,064 nm were utilized as contrast agents to enhance NIR-PAM for in vivo imaging of fundus tissues. The fundus structure and vessels are clearly visualized by the multimodal imaging, and their parameters were quantitatively analyzed. NIR-PAM and OCT imaging of fundus were time-serially monitored over 60 min following the intravenous injection of FINPs into rats. The results indicated a 134 % increase in image signals in PAM at 1 min, along with an 8.23 % intensity enhancement in OCT. Moreover, laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) was specifically detected and accurately quantified using VIS/NIR-PAM-OCT. Lastly, FINPs demonstrated excellent biocompatibility in hematology analysis and pathology testing.
Ultrashort pulse biphoton source in lithium niobate nanophotonics at 2 μm
Authors: Williams James , Nehra Rajveer , Sendonaris Elina , Ledezma Luis , Gray Robert M. , Sekine Ryoto , Marandi Alireza
Published: June 2024

Photonics offers unique capabilities for quantum information processing (QIP) such as room-temperature operation, the scalability of nanophotonics, and access to ultrabroad bandwidths and consequently ultrafast operation. Ultrashort pulse sources of quantum states in nanophotonics are an important building block for achieving scalable ultrafast QIP; however, their demonstrations so far have been sparse. Here, we demonstrate a femtosecond biphoton source in dispersion-engineered periodically poled lithium niobate nanophotonics. We measure 17 THz of bandwidth for the source centered at 2.09 µm, corresponding to a few optical cycles, with a brightness of 8.8 GHz/mW. Our results open new paths toward realization of ultrafast nanophotonic QIP.
Almighty, Freedom, and Love: Toward an Islamic Open Theology
Authors: Azadegan Ebrahim
Published: June 2024

This article argues in favor of Open conception of divinity and theology in Islam. In Section 1, I explain the main textual difference between traditional transcendent conception of divinity and the open conception. Then, I will demonstrate the essential elements of this theology according to the various interpretations of the texts. I will then introduce a different meaning of God’s power as freedom bestowment. Next, I will argue that open theology can be supported rationally through its capability to dissolve some philosophical concerns of theism. It will be concluded that since in the modern era, human beings have changed their position in the world consciously, this change in the position of the man-world state definitely affects our epistemic position toward God, which is our theology. Nowadays, after challenging the sociopolitical paternalistic hierarchy of the world, we become more ready to understand the immanence, nearness, and love of God instead of seeing Him as the almighty King who governs the world from an eternal and too transcendent position. In my view, Open theology could be a fruitful avenue for Islamic theology to pursue as it seeks to answer the emerging questions concerning Man–God relationship in our modern world.
Exploring Electrocortical Signatures of Gait Adaptation: Differential Neural Dynamics in Slow and Fast Gait Adapters
Authors: Jacobsen Noelle A. , Ferris Daniel P.
Published: June 2024

Individuals exhibit significant variability in their ability to adapt locomotor skills, with some adapting quickly and others more slowly. Differences in brain activity likely contribute to this variability, but direct neural evidence is lacking. We investigated individual differences in electrocortical activity that led to faster locomotor adaptation rates. We recorded high-density electroencephalography while young, neurotypical adults adapted their walking on a split-belt treadmill and grouped them based on how quickly they restored their gait symmetry. Results revealed unique spectral signatures within the posterior parietal, bilateral sensorimotor, and right visual cortices that differ between fast and slow adapters. Specifically, fast adapters exhibited lower alpha power in the posterior parietal and right visual cortices during early adaptation, associated with quicker attainment of steady-state step length symmetry. Decreased posterior parietal alpha may reflect enhanced spatial attention, sensory integration, and movement planning to facilitate faster locomotor adaptation. Conversely, slow adapters displayed greater alpha and beta power in the right visual cortex during late adaptation, suggesting potential differences in visuospatial processing. Additionally, fast adapters demonstrated reduced spectral power in the bilateral sensorimotor cortices compared with slow adapters, particularly in the theta band, which may suggest variations in perception of the split-belt perturbation. These findings suggest that alpha and beta oscillations in the posterior parietal and visual cortices and theta oscillations in the sensorimotor cortex are related to the rate of gait adaptation.
A rare anomaly of insertion of the extensor pollicis et indicis communis muscle
Authors: Aragão José Aderval , Aragão Iapunira Catarina Sant’Anna , Aragão Felipe Matheus Sant’Anna , Filho Marcos Torres Brito , Andrade Natália Graciano Assis de Oliveira , Guerra Danilo Ribeiro , Reis Francisco Prado
Published: June 2024

Bellies and muscular tendons anatomical variations are usually found in cadaver dissections and surgeries. Among those, it is worth highlighting the existence of the extensor pollicis et indicis communis muscle (EPIC), which has a global incidence from 0,5 to 4%. Report the finding of an extensor pollicis et indicis communis muscle found during a dissection of a cadaver on an anatomy laboratory. The extensor pollicis et indicis communis muscle was located on the posterior surface of the right forearm, between the extensor indicis and the extensor pollicis longus muscles. Its proximal insertion was on the distal third of the ulna, and the distal insertion on the proximal phalanx of the index finger and extensor pollicis longus tendon. The knowledge of the existence of the extensor pollicis et indicis communis muscle is of great importance not only for anatomists, but especially for hand surgeons, in the prevention of injuries during surgical procedures.
Factors Associated With Perinatal Hepatitis C Screening Among Exposed Children: 2016–2020
Authors: Kuncio Danica E. , Waterman Emily J. , Robison S.Z. Ginny , Roberts Alison
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

Children perinatally exposed to hepatitis C virus (HCV) should be screened for infection, yet testing rates are low. Clinical perinatal HCV testing recommendations vary and may contribute to poor completion. This study examines pediatric care factors associated with perinatal HCV testing completion.

METHODS

A cohort of people living with HCV in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, who delivered a live birth in 2016 to 2020 and their children were followed by the Philadelphia Department of Public Health. The association of completion of HCV screening with pregnant/postpartum person demographics, pediatric care factors, and testing policy were retrospectively explored. χ2 and multivariable logistic regressions were used.

RESULTS

HCV-positive pregnant people gave birth to 457 children of whom 307 (67.2%) were tested for HCV according to recommendations and 79 (17.2%) were inadequately tested. Children were more likely to be tested if born to a pregnant person with HIV coinfection (P = .007), if they were always on schedule for vaccinations (P < .001), and if they attended the 18-month well visit (P < .001). Completion rates varied significantly by pediatrician's testing policy: 90.9% tested if the policy was for 2 months, 79.6% if 2 to 12 months, 61.9% if 12 months, and 58.5% if 18 months of age (P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS

Timing of perinatal HCV testing policies was significantly associated with testing completion rates. Testing at 2 months was associated with far better HCV testing completion than other strategies, regardless of birthing person and pediatrician factors. These findings suggest routine HCV testing of children perinatally exposed to HCV is best achieved in the first year of life.
Children’s Hospital Resource Utilization During the 2022 Viral Respiratory Surge
Authors: Michelson Kenneth A. , Ramgopal Sriram , Kociolek Larry K. , Zerr Danielle M. , Neuman Mark I. , Bettenhausen Jessica L. , Hall Matt , Macy Michelle L.
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES

Multiple viral respiratory epidemics occurred concurrently in 2022 but their true extent is unclear. To aid future surge planning efforts, we compared epidemiology and resource utilization with prepandemic viral respiratory seasons in 38 US children’s hospitals.

METHODS

We performed a serial cross-sectional study from October 2017 to March 2023. We counted daily emergency department (ED), inpatient, and ICU volumes; daily surgeries; viral tests performed; the proportion of ED visits resulting in revisit within 3 days; and proportion of hospitalizations with a 30-day readmission. We evaluated seasonal resource utilization peaks using hierarchical Poisson models.

RESULTS

Peak volumes in the 2022 season were 4% lower (95% confidence interval [CI] −6 to −2) in the ED, not significantly different in the inpatient unit (−1%, 95% CI −4 to 2), and 8% lower in the ICU (95% CI −14 to −3) compared with each hospital’s previous peak season. However, for 18 of 38 hospitals, their highest ED and inpatient volumes occurred in 2022. The 2022 season was longer in duration than previous seasons (P < .02). Peak daily surgeries decreased by 15% (95% CI −20 to −9) in 2022 compared with previous peaks. Viral tests increased 75% (95% CI 69–82) in 2022 from previous peaks. Revisits and readmissions were lowest in 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

Peak ED, inpatient, and ICU volumes were not significantly different in the 2022 viral respiratory season compared with earlier seasons, but half of hospitals reached their highest volumes. Research on how surges impact boarding, transfer refusals, and patient outcomes is needed as regionalization reduces pediatric capacity.
An Overview of Basque Studies in the United States
Authors: Iztueta-Goizueta Garbiñe , Madinabeitia-Medrano Monika
Published: June 2024

The goal of this paper is to offer an overview of Basque studies in the context of U.S. universities, with a focus on the twenty-first century. To that end, it offers, firstly, a brief historical introduction to Basque emigration to the United States; secondly, a contextualization of the presence of Euskera (the Basque language) and the study of the language and Basque cultural topics in non- university contexts; thirdly, a discussion of the origins of Basque studies programs in U.S. universities, the contributions of academic societies and journals, the efforts made by the Etxepare Basque Institute to promote Basque studies internationally, and an overview of lectureships and chairs; and lastly, conclusions. The data that served as the basis for this study was drawn from various sources: prior research on the Basque diaspora in the United States and information provided by Etxepare.
Effect of temporomandibular release and myofascial release techniques on quality of life, depression, and headache in ındividuals with tension-type headache
Authors: Öz Ayşe , Aracı Ayça , Özşimşek Ahmet , Taşkıran Hanifegül , Yuluğ Burak
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Tension-type headache (TTH) is commonly observed in the community. The aim of our study is to investigate the effectiveness of Temporomandibular Joint Soft Tissue Techniques (TMD-STT) and Myofascial Release (MFR) techniques in individuals with TTH.
Methods: Seventy-three voluntary individuals between the ages of 18-65 diagnosed with TTH according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3) were included. Participants were divided into three groups based on randomization: Group 1; TMD-STT, Group 2; MFR Group, and Group 3; Control Group. Headache was assessed using the Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6); TMJ with the Fonseca Scale; Temporomandibular Range of Motion with a goniometer; quality of life with the SF-36 Quality of Life Scale; depression with the Beck Depression Scale (BDS); and anxiety with the Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS). Evaluations were conducted before treatment and at the end of 4 weeks. Group 1 received TMD-STT (soft tissue mobilization to anterior caudal glide, masseter, and medial pterygoid muscles) and Myofascial Release technique to temporal and suboccipital muscles. In addition to the applications in Group 1, Group 2 received deep posterior cervical fascia relaxation techniques for Trapezius, Rhomboid, Levator Scapula, and Sternocleidomastoid muscles.
Results: Significant improvement in FONSECA and HIT-6 total scores was observed in both TMD-STT and MFR groups compared to the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: TMD soft tissue techniques were found to be as effective as myofascial techniques in the treatment of TTH.
Efectos del desajuste educativo sobre los salarios de los jóvenes de 18 a 28 años: análisis en países de la Comunidad Andina
Authors: Sierra Perez Erika , Villarraga Orjuela Alexander
Published: June 2024

En este artículo se analizan los efectos del desajuste educativo en los salarios de jóvenes de 18 a 28 años en Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador y Perú. Mediante ecuaciones de Mincer y la metodología de corrección del sesgo de selección de Heckman (1979) se encuentra que la subeducación genera un impacto positivo y significativo en los salarios de estos trabajadores en los cuatro países. La sobreeducación produce resultados mixtos, aumentando los salarios en dos países y penalizando en los otros dos, aunque en uno no es estadísticamente significativo. La combinación de desajuste educativo e informalidad laboral resulta en una doble penalización salarial.
Erros de medicação na mídia brasileira
Authors: Silva Denise Gomes da , Santos Aline Silva de Assis , Rezende Cristiane de Paula , Cândido Raissa Carolina Fonseca , Nascimento Mariana Martins Gonzaga do
Published: June 2024

Objetivos: identificar e descrever as notícias sobre erros de medicação ocorridos no Brasil e divulgados na mídia digital brasileira.Metodologia: pesquisa de caráter exploratório, com dados coletados em notícias de mídias digitais do Brasil entre 2015 e 2019. A busca das notícias sobre erros de medicação foi realizada no Google®. Os casos divulgados na mídia foram descritos conforme o tipo e a classificação do erro, medicamento e profissional envolvido na ocorrência do erro, características do paciente que sofreu o erro e local onde o erro ocorreu.Resultados: dos 20 erros noticiados identificados na busca, foram encontrados 11 casos de erros com morte (55,0%), seis casos de erros com dano (30,0%) e três casos de erros sem danos (15,0%). Dos 23 pacientes envolvidos nos erros, 14 pertenciam a grupos de extremos etários, sendo nove pacientes pediátricos (39,1%) e cinco pacientes geriátricos (21,8%). Quanto ao tipo de erro, quatro casos noticiados envolvendo erros de prescrição (20,0%), cinco reportando erros de dispensação (25,0%), 10 erros de administração (50,0%), e um envolvendo erro de dispensação e administração concomitantemente (5,0%). Dentre os 11 casos de erros com morte do paciente, oito traziam a informação sobre qual medicamento estava envolvido no erro, sendo seis deles considerados medicamentospotencialmente perigosos (MPP).Conclusão: os resultados do presente estudo apontam para a necessidade de implementação de melhorias nos estabelecimentos de saúde em geral – farmácias, drogarias, hospitais, centros de saúde – no que tange a prevenção de erros de medicação. Para isso, devem ser priorizadas iniciativas envolvendo os sistemas de medicação com elevada efetividade, sobretudo em contextos de situações de alto risco como uso de MPP e cuidado a pacientes em extremos etários.
Tradução e adaptação transcultural do Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) para o Brasil
Authors: Zanette Peuckert Marina , Ospina Ayala Camila , Mattiello Rita , Souza dos Santos Thaís , Streda Walker Marthina , Pandolfo Feoli Ana Maria , Abud Drumond Costa Caroline
Published: June 2024

Objetivo: tradução, adaptação transcultural e validade de conteúdo do Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) para o português brasileiro.Métodos: o processo de tradução e adaptação do instrumento do inglês para o português do Brasil foi conduzido através de recomendações da literatura em seis etapas: tradução, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, síntese ii, pré-teste e devolutiva da versão final. A validade de conteúdo foi avaliada através do índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC).Resultados: o questionário pré-teste foi submetido à avaliação da população-alvo e revelou uma taxa de clareza dos itens superior a 80%. O IVC do questionário final obteve uma pontuação de 0,98, conforme avaliação realizada pelo painel de juízes. Entre as 35 questões do instrumento, foi possível identificar uma concordância máxima em relação à sua relevância por parte do comitê de especialistas em 31 dessas questões.Conclusão: por meio da tradução e adaptação transcultural do CEBQ para crianças e adolescentes brasileiros, além da validação de conteúdo do instrumento, foi possível adequá-lo de forma mais precisa à realidade da população, sem comprometer o seu propósito original.
“This Is How We Do Things”. Acculturation of Immigrant Teachers: Elusive Critical Leadership
Authors: Sibanda Delight , Seyama-Mokhaneli Sadi
Published: June 2024

Aim. The research aims to critically examine immigrant teachers’ acculturation into independent South African schools. It also raises awareness of the absence of school leadership’s preparedness and competence to facilitate immigrant teachers’ integrative acculturation.
Methods. The research used a critical qualitative case study design and purposively sampled participants within a population of inner-city independent schools to ensure they were professional immigrant teachers working in a South African independent school and experiencing acculturation. Data was generated through focus groups and individual semi-structured interviews and analysed thematically.
Results. The results show that immigrant teachers experience acculturation and adaptation challenges, facing diversity as division. As leaders continuously articulate schools’ visions and missions, they reinforce beliefs, norms, and values, which become the lens through which teachers, learners and other stakeholders engage in their daily activities. Thus, results also illuminate a prevailing authoritarian leadership that enforces cultural assimilation and separation, undermining immigrant teachers’ identities, values, capabilities, and equal status within the school context.
Conclusion. Immigrant teachers transform South African schools into cosmopolitan and multicultural settings with incredible cultural dimensions for learners to learn and broaden their global citizenship. Thus, these diverse schools need culturally conscious and effective leaders who deliberately exercise power to confront inequity and marginalisation, affirm minority cultures and foster cultural integration.
Disputes over Ethical Education and the Issue of Ethical Neutrality of the State
Authors: Michalík Adrian
Published: June 2024

Thesis. We currently live in a pluralistic democratic society, marked by a wide array of professed values, lifestyles, and interpretations of the good life. This reality poses numerous challenges for the contemporary state. This study delves into strategies for navigating this diversity in the education and value formation of the upcoming generation. The central inquiry revolves around how the state should address these contrasting value preferences and determine which values to impart to pupils and students.
Concept. The concept of the state's ethical neutrality emerges as a potential response to this inquiry. This approach can be applied in contexts where societal consensus is lacking, particularly regarding cultural and ethical issues such as abortion, homosexual partnerships/marriages, euthanasia, or the legalization of soft drugs. Conversely, in domains where consensus prevails, the state should actively shape the values of the next generation.
Results and conclusion. The findings suggest that the concept of the state's ethical neutrality could serve as a valuable tool in addressing the diversity of values within society. It illustrates that in situations lacking a clear consensus, this approach is adaptable and allows for the recognition of diverse value systems among individuals and groups. Conversely, when societal consensus exists, it is crucial for the state to actively influence the formation of values among young people.  In conclusion, the concept of the state's ethical neutrality offers a useful framework for addressing the challenges posed by the plurality of values in modern societies.
Selected Aspects in the Perception of Sustainability Values Among Religious Education Teaching Students
Authors: Kondrla Peter , Ďurková Eva , Trstenský František
Published: June 2024

Aim. The article describes the attitudes of students of religious education towards the values of sustainable development. It examines the degree of knowledge of these values and their practical reflection in the monitored group
Concept. We carried out a preliminary examination through interviews and a questionnaire. The questions focused on the knowledge of the values of sustainable development and ways of their interpretation by respondents.
Results. Students have adequate to poor knowledge of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). They do not understand their connection with religious values and have no motivation to apply these values in their pedagogical practice.
Conclusion. It is appropriate to innovate curricula where future religious teachers are trained to strengthen education in the values of sustainability. It is necessary to support education aimed at understanding sustainable development as a key aspect of school education.
Cognitive value. Complementing curriculum content with sustainable development values creates support for social cohesion and inclusion, which is crucial for a sustainable society.
Effect of aging of Al–Mg–Si/rare earth alloys: Microstructure and hardness
Authors: Macías Nicolas , Amu Maribel , Aguilar Yesid , Franco Edgar
Published: June 2024

Thermomechanical treatments and variations in chemical composition during the production of these alloys allow their properties to be adjusted as necessary. In the present research, the influence of chemical modification was analyzed by adding a combination of two rare earth elements (lanthanum and cerium) and performing a pretreatment before natural and artificial aging. With this, it was observed that said chemical modification led to an increase in hardness after artificial aging and specific suppression of the hardening speed at room temperature, combined with a pretreatment process to improve the density of the nucleation site and take advantage of the possible vacancy capture effect. Furthermore, microstructural changes were observed in the study alloys by scanning electron microscopy. The above allows the design of alloy production processes according to the requirements of each application.
“Nothing Tastes as Good as Skinny Feels”
Authors: Alderton Zoe
Published: June 2024

There has always been something compelling about extreme bodies. Kate Moss exemplifies “the waif,” a body type both frightening and appealing. She is one of the most common celebrities discussed on pro-anorexia (or, pro-ana) websites. To explore the connection between Moss’s body and pro-ana participation, this article examines the potential for an extraordinary body to solidify the aims of an extremist group and to draw in new members. Her unusually slender form affirms this pro-starvation cluster by physically representing the emotional distress that lies at its core. There is no conclusive evidence that Moss suffers from an eating disorder, and she has been open about discouraging people from starving themselves to look like her. Nevertheless, she has been framed as a unique icon in the pro-ana sphere, despite her personal intent, due to the extreme nature of her body. She helps members to express mental illness and severe emotional distress via an emaciated frame and grungy-but-cool aesthetic. She therefore gives people a way to explore sickness and femininity concurrently, which is especially relevant for young women with eating disorders. The pro-ana community has adopted her as a cult icon for these reasons. Here, I analyse this process using Rodney Stark and William Sims Bainbridge’s sociological scholarship on the social role of religion broadly and “cult formation” more specifically. This raises important questions about consent in cult formation and the role required of a leader.
The Savagnin grape, vin jaune, vin de paille, all from the Jura
Authors: Lehmann Gilly
Published: June 2024

The article disputes some of the claims put forward by William Woys Weaver in his account of Cypriot wines in PPC 86.  In doing so, the author provides a history of wines of the Jura Department, the savagnin grape and the processes involved in making vin jaune and vin de paile.
Food as Metaphor for Good and Evil in Biographies of the Later Roman Emperors
Authors: Beer Michael
Published: June 2024

The article argues that there is a strong emphasis in many of the biographies of the SHA (Scriptores Historiae Augustae) on eating habits as an indication either of moral steadfastness or of dissoluteness and decadence. The author(s) seem to take a particularly strong interest in all matters pertaining to food.
Carbonell, Claudia. Romper el hechizo. Filosofía, drama e imagen en Platón, EUNSA, Pamplona, 2022, 223 pp.
Authors: Flamarique Lourdes
Published: June 2024

Book Review
Serrano de Haro, Agustín. Arendt y España, Trotta, Madrid, 2023, 172 pp.
Authors: Grande-Sánchez Pedro-José
Published: June 2024

Book Review
A Conservative Technique for Fractured Implant Abutment Screw Retrieval on an Internal Connection Implant: Proof of Concept
Authors: Farronato Davide , Romano Leonardo , Dani Gabriele , Messina Giuseppe , Miceli Benedetta , Azzi Lorenzo
Published: June 2024

Broken screw removal from the implant connection is a common but challenging process. Several proposed methods and technical solutions may result in unsuccessful removal; thus, a novel, more conservative, risk-free method is proposed as a first attempt. The proposal is to use a silicon restoration holder to be twisted counterclockwise on the dried surface of the broken fragment inside the implant connection. This method, within the limitations of a minimal case series, yielded 100% results; however, despite previous attempts with less conservative techniques, this approach showed no efficacy. This article aims to promote the use of silicon restoration holders as a minimally invasive first attempt at broken screw retrieval treatment before considering other options.
RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY-BASED NOVEL LATTICE HEAT SINK OPTIMIZATION FOR ELECTROHYDRODYNAMIC (EHD) SPRAY COOLING
Authors: Yakut Ridvan
Published: June 2024

In recent years, the size of electronic equipment has become smaller, while the increased processing capacity has
led to progressive elevation in the heat flux. As a result of this, the performance of this equipment decreases, and
their service lives decrease. Although traditional cooling methods are insufficient to remove the surface heat, new
cooling techniques, for example, electrohydrodynamic spray (EHD-spray) cooling, show promise in guaranteeing
the operation of these systems under the intended conditions. EHD-spray, also known as electrospray, is an
atomization method that provides equal and homogeneous droplets. Although EHD has been used in many studies
in the literature, its use in heat transfer has only recently become an important research area. Studies on EHD-spray,
which has important advantages such as requiring a very small amount of fluid and low energy, are
limited, and there are almost no studies using finned heat sinks. In the study carried out, unique design heat sinks
produced by the selective laser melting (SLM) method were optimized with the respond surface method (RSM)
Box-Behnken design (BBD) management, that is one of the most effective design methods. In the study where heat
sink surface area (HSSA), fluid composition ratio (FCR), and flow rate (FR) were used as variable parameters,
the highest heat transfer coefficient (HTC) was found for 100% distilled water at a 17 mL/h flow rate, and the
heat sink had the lowest surface area. The results show that EHD-spray is promising for cooling high-heat-flux
systems.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Applications of Substituted Indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-12(6H)-one Based Rhenium(I) Organometallic Compounds
Authors: Padariya Aelvish D. , Savaliya Nirbhay K. , Dhaduk Milan P. , Dabhi Ravi A. , Bhatt Bhupesh S. , Bhatt Vaibhav D. , Patel Mohan N.
Published: June 2024

The Re(I) organometallic compounds [(Re(CO)3L1–6)Cl], where ligands L are tryptanthrin derivatives, prepared and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. To assess the binding capacities and binding manner, tests of calf thymus DNA under the impact of organometallic complexes were conducted using absorption titration and viscosity measuring techniques. Data from the research mentioned above point to an intercalation type of binding, which was verified by the docking study. Swiss ADME tools were used to carry out an ADME study. The work focuses on computing the molecular orbital energies for the synthesized compounds using the density functional theory (DFT). The compounds were tested against the MCF-7 cell line to determine their anticancer effects. It was observed that their IC50 values were equivalent to those of the standard medication, indicating that they had a similar antiproliferative impact.