bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prothrombin G20210A mutation in Sudanese women with recurrent pregnancy loss
Authors: Awad Elkareem  , Alzaki Salaheldein G. , Mohammed Mubark A. , Ibrahim Abdalrahman A. , Eltayeb Amel N. , Abdellatief Alaa K. , Mustafa Anna A. , Elsayed Matab A. , Osman Esraa H. , Haj Taha Enas Y.
Published: May 2024

The association between the Prothrombin G20210A mutation and recurrent pregnancy loss is well documented in the literature among different populations. A descriptive study was conducted in Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Sudan, to find the prevalence of the Prothrombin G20210A mutation among Sudanese women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Analysis of the Prothrombin G20210A mutation was performed using PCR-RFLP for  67 enrolled women with recurrent pregnancy loss of two times or more. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. The prothrombin G20210A mutation was present in 4 (6%) out of the total 67 enrolled cases; 3 (4.5%) had the GA genotype (hetrozygous), while one had the (1.5%) AA genotype. The study revealed that the Prothrombin G20210A mutation is less prevalent among Sudanese women with recurrent pregnancy loss compared to other Arab nations. A large case-control study is needed.
PEMBAGIAN SISA HASIL USAHA DALAM BENTUK BARANG MENURUT AKAD SYIRKAH ‘INÂN: STUDI PADA KOPERASI MANDIRI REUKIH DAYAH INDRAPURI, ACEH
Authors: Maulana Muhammad , Putri Raisha
Published: May 2024

Syirkah 'inan is a form of cooperation in capital, management and sharing of business results. Conceptually, this syirkah inan tends to be flexible so that it can be implemented in various partnership businesses including cooperatives, which are flexible in mandatory and voluntary savings as well as in the profit-sharing system, as implemented by the management of the Mandiri Gampong Reukih Dayah Cooperative, Indrapuri District, which is the object of this research. The problem that is the focus of the aim of this research is how to calculate the remaining business results in the form of consumer goods at the Mandiri Cooperative, Indrapuri District, the pattern of conversion of profit sharing value from SHU on consumer goods and a review of the syirkah 'inan contract regarding the distribution of the remaining business results in the form of consumer goods carried out by the management of the Mandiri Cooperative. This research uses a normative sociological approach with descriptive analytical research and data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The results of the research are that the SHU calculations carried out by the Mandiri Cooperative are calculated every financial year, and the calculations are carried out by the Mandiri Cooperative management in a transparent and accountable manner. The distribution of SHU for members after being allocated the following year's capital and management operational costs is 60% and 40% into SHU which is converted by the Mandiri Cooperative in the form of goods based on the nominal value of the money received by members. Conversion in the form of goods is carried out to make it easier for members to obtain consumer goods more easily and cheaper because the cooperative management buys wholesale so it is cheaper than market prices. Based on a review of the syirkah inan concept, the SHU distribution system in the form of consumer goods is permissible because this pattern is the result of a mutual agreement made by fellow members, while the management only facilitates the members' wishes to make it easier to fulfill family needs in a more practical and cheaper manner. Agreement is the substance of this syirkah inan contract, because in fiqhiyyah the profits are shared based on the agreement.
Photothermal Therapy with In Situ Self-healing, Antibacterial, Conductive and Biocompatible Dual Network Hydrogel Promotes Infected Skin Wound Healing
Authors: Cheng Feng , Yi Xiaotong , He Jinmei , Li Hongbin , Huang Yudong
Published: May 2024

Herein, we develop a novel dual network hydrogel system for the
treatment of infected full-thickness skin wounds, leveraging the
synergistic effects of TA-modified MXene and bacterial cellulose within
a polyvinyl alcohol-borax/GelMA hydrogel matrix. The incorporation of
bacterial cellulose, a natural biopolymer produced by certain bacteria,
enhances the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the hydrogel
while providing a scaffold for cell adhesion and proliferation. The
addition of TA-modified MXene further enhances the antibacterial
efficacy of the hydrogel and enables photothermal therapy through NIR
light absorption. Moreover, the fabricated hydrogel demonstrated
excellent biocompatibility. Furthermore, the in vivo study confirmed
that hydrogel can accelerate infectious wound healing under NIR
irradiation. The resulting hydrogel system offers a multifunctional
platform for combating infection, promoting wound healing, and
facilitating tissue regeneration in infected skin wounds.
Research on Partial Missing Reconstruction of 3D Point Cloud Model Based on Point Fractal Network
Authors: wang jian , LI Zhenglin , FANG Zhijie , MA Yuan , SHI Binjie , FAN Qingqing , WANG Zhiwen
Published: May 2024

In order to solve the problem of partial loss of data information and
structure of 3D point cloud model due to subjective and objective
factors such as occlusion and noise, a partial deletion reconstruction
method of 3D point cloud model based on PF-Net was proposed, and a model
deletion reconstruction system was developed. Based on the deep learning
PF-Net network architecture, the Batch Normal layer and the Dropout
layer are introduced to normalize the original datasets in batches,
which further improves the reconstruction efficiency and accuracy of
some missing point cloud models. In this paper, 11 point cloud models
are selected to carry out reconstruction experiments with some missing
data information and structural features, and the experiments show that
the proposed method has higher reconstruction efficiency than the L-Gan
and PCN methods when the same dataset is used for training and testing.
In the eleven test categories, the average improvement of the
refactoring method in this paper is 12%-27%. The proposed method has a
significant effect in dealing with the partial deletion reconstruction
of small-scale models, and at the same time improves the efficiency and
accuracy of reconstruction, which has good application value.
Parents’, families’, communities’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences of care following neonatal death in healthcare facilities in LMIC’s: a systematic review and meta-ethnography
Authors: H Blencowe , C Wilson , Atkins Bethany , R Molyneux , Storey Claire
Published: May 2024

Background 98% of neonatal deaths worldwide occur in low- and
middle-income countries (LMICs), yet there is little bereavement care
guidance available for these settings. Objectives To explore
parents’, families’ and healthcare professionals’ experiences of care
after neonatal death in healthcare facilities in LMICs. Search
Strategy and Selection Criteria Four databases were searched for
peer-reviewed literature meeting the inclusion criteria of qualitative
studies exploring the experiences of people who provided or received
bereavement care following neonatal death in a LMIC healthcare setting.
Data Collection and Analysis Data were collected by two
independent reviewers, collated through line-by-line coding then
reciprocal and refutational translation, and analysed through Noblit and
Hare’s seven-step meta-ethnography approach to create first, second and
third order themes. Main Results Seven first order themes
extracted from the literature included emotional responses, social
relationships, staff and systems, religion, connecting with the baby,
coping strategies, and economic concerns. From these data, three third
order themes arose; the individual, the healthcare setting, and the
community/ context. Conclusions Over-arching themes in
bereavement care shape grief responses and are often similar across
geographical locations. Analysing these similarities allows a deeper
understanding of the important elements of bereavement care and may be
helpful to inform the creation of high quality, bereavement care
guidelines suitable for use in LMIC settings.
Designing an immersive virtual reality environment for hand rehabilitation purposes: A preliminary study.
Authors: Taştan Yahya , Başpınar Ulvi , Hamurcu Ahmet , Bal Abdullah , Bulut Burcu , Bakır Barkın , Demiroğlu Murat , Topuz Vedat , Erguzel Turker T. , Acar Gönül
Published: May 2024

This study investigates the influence of immersive virtual reality
environments and gamification on the classification of imaginary motor
(MI) signals and the associated increase in energy in the motor cortex
region for neurorehabilitation purposes. Two immersive virtual
environments, indoor and outdoor, were selected, each with gamified and
non-gamified scenarios. Event-Related Desynchronization (ERD) data
underwent analyses to determine if there were significant differences in
ERD levels between distinct age groups and whether Fully Immersive
Virtual Reality (FIVR) environments induced notable energy increases.
The initial analysis found no significant energy changes between age
groups under constant environmental conditions. In the second analysis,
FIVR environments did not lead to a statistically significant increase
in cortical energy for the 21–24 age group (Group I). However, a
notable difference in cortical energy increase was identified between
gamified and non-gamified environments within the 32–43 age group
(Group II). The study also explored the impact of environmental factors
on MI signal classification using four deep learning algorithms. The
Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) classifier exhibited the highest
performance, with an average accuracy of 86.83%. Signals recorded
indoors showed higher average classification performance, with a
significant difference observed among age groups. Group I participants
performed better in non-gamified environments (88.8%), while Group II
achieved high performance indoors, especially in the gamified scenario
(93.6%). Overall, the research underscores the potential of immersive
virtual environments and gamification in enhancing MI signal
classification and cortical energy increase, with age and environmental
factors influencing the outcomes.
Mechanical-cellular electrical conversion model reshapes the immune microenvironment of peripheral nerve by modulating neutrophil extracellular traps
Authors: Lv Yaowei , Yao Xiangyun , Zhan lei , Shi Jinye , Wang Xiangyang , Yan Hede , Wang Xu , Huang Chen , Qian Yun , Ouyang Yuanming
Published: May 2024

Perturbations of the immune homeostasis following peripheral nerve
injury (PNI) disturbs growth microenvironment that delays nerve repair.
Although extensive efforts have been made to stimulate nerve
regeneration, their efficacy is limited by energy deficiency and
persistent and overactive inflammation. It is not yet clear how
exogenous implantable neural electrical stimulation system regulates
immune homeostasis and promotes peripheral nerve regeneration. Here
reports a self-powered immunoactive scaffold based on piezoelectric and
electroconductive materials. Such in situ electrical stimulation
technique regulates lasting and high-level inflammatory cytokines
infiltrated in injured nerve tissue, modulates aberrant neutrophil
activities and promotes fast revascularization. By benefiting immune
balance and angiogenesis, this electroactive scaffold averts
growth-suppression following PNI and robustly facilitates neural
regeneration. Therefore, this piezoelectric model represents an
effective tool for PNI immunotherapy.
Thermal Decomposition of Particulate Mercury Sulfides in Petroleum
Authors: O’Rear Dennis , Hatakeyama Evan , Das Tapan , Hoelen Thomas P.
Published: May 2024

Traces of particulate mercury sulfide in stabilized crude oils transform
to elemental mercury below 400°C in refinery distillation units. We
evaluated this transformation and measured reaction rates and activation
energies in crude oil and mercury spiked mineral oil using glass vessel
at atmospheric pressure and a microunit at 1000 psig. Results show that
mercury sulfide decomposes irreversibly above ˜150°C. The data indicates
the presence of two mercury species. Approximately 88% of the mercury
sulfide decomposed with an activation energy of 56±7 kJ mol
. The remaining 12% decomposed with an activation
energy of 130±10 kJ mol . Near-identical kinetic
parameters were found with differential measurements at atmospheric
pressure and with integral measurements in the liquid phase at over 1000
psig, indicating that mild pressures do not change the reaction
kinetics. The results show that >99% of mercury sulfides
in crude oil decompose in a typical crude distillation unit.
Enhancing Efficiency in MoTe2-Based Solar Cells: The Impact of Sb2S3 Hole Transport Layer and Thickness Optimization
Authors: Rahman Md. Arifur , Haque Md. Dulal , Ali Md. Hasan , Islam Abu Zafor Md. Touhidul
Published: May 2024

In this study, SCAPS-1D simulator was used to investigate the
performance of a solar cell structure based on Molybdenum Telluride
(MoTe2) with Sb2S3 (Antimony Sulfide) Hole Transport Layer (HTL). The
motivation behind choosing MoTe2 as an absorber layer for its higher
optical absorption efficiency, cost-effectiveness, reliable and stable
operation. The comparative study of this introduced
(Al/FTO/CdS/MoTe2/Sb2S3/Pt) and baseline solar cell
(Al/FTO/CdS/MoTe2/Pt) has been implemented. Various photovoltaic
parameters like open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, fill
factor, and efficiency have been investigated varying absorber and HTL
thickness, doping density, rare surface recombination velocity, defect
density, series as well as shunt resistance and temperature. The
proposed solar cell performance of η, Voc, Jsc, and FF was found to be
40.33%, 1.13 V, 40.78 mA/cm2, 87.63% optimizing absorber thickness
value of 0.5 μm and doping concentration value of cm-3. The determined
values of performance parameters Voc, Jsc, FF, and η are 0.95 V, 38.15
mA/cm2, 81.09% and 29.35%, respectively for baseline solar cell. The
implantation of Sb2S3 layer contributes to improve the performances by
diminishing carrier recombination losses. The present research results
indicate the feasible way for obtaining a lower-cost, and
higher-efficiency MoTe2-based SC with Sb2S3 HTL layer.
Disentangling Carbon Concentration Changes Along Pathways of North Atlantic Subtropical Mode Water
Authors: Reijnders Daan , Bakker Dorothee C. E. , Sebille Erik Van
Published: May 2024

North Atlantic Subtropical Mode Water (NASTMW) serves as a major conduit
for dissolved carbon to penetrate into the ocean interior by its
wintertime outcropping events. Prior research on NASTMW has concentrated
on its physical formation and destruction, as well as Lagrangian
pathways and timescales of water into and out of NASTMW. In this study,
we examine how dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentrations are
modified along Lagrangian pathways of NASTMW on subannual timescales. We
introduce Lagrangian parcels into a physical-biogeochemical model and
release these parcels annually over two decades. For different pathways
into, out of, and within NASTMW, we calculate changes in DIC
concentrations along the path (ΔDIC), distinguishing contributions from
vertical mixing and biogeochemical processes. While the mean ΔDIC for
parcels that persist within NASTMW in one year is relatively small at +6
µmol/L, this masks underlying dynamics: individual parcels undergo
interspersed DIC depletion and enrichment, spanning several timescales
and magnitudes. The strongest ΔDIC is during subduction of water parcels
(+101 µmol/L  in one year), followed by transport out of NASTMW due to
increases in density in water parcels (+10 µmol/L). Most DIC enrichment
and depletion regimes span timescales of weeks, related to phytoplankton
blooms. However, mixing and biogeochemical processes often oppose one
another at short timescales, so the largest net DIC changes occur at
timescales of more than 30 days. Our new Lagrangian approach complements
bulk Eulerian approaches, which average out this underlying complexity,
and is relevant to other biogeochemical studies, for example on marine
carbon dioxide removal.
A review of the oceanography and Antarctic Bottom Water formation offshore Cape Darnley, East Antarctica
Authors: Blanckensee Sienna Neve , Gwyther David E , Galton-Fenzi Benjamin Keith , Gunn Kathryn L , Herraiz-Borreguero Laura , Ohshima Kay I. , Rodriguez Esther Portela , Post Alexandra L , Bostock Helen
Published: May 2024

Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) is the densest water mass in the world and
drives the lower limb of the global thermohaline circulation. AABW is
formed in only four regions around Antarctica and Cape Darnley, East
Antarctica, is the most recently discovered formation region. Here, we
compile 40 years of oceanographic data for this region to provide the
climatological oceanographic conditions, and review the water mass
properties and their role in AABW formation. We split the region into
three sectors (East, Central and West) and identified the main water
masses, current regimes and their influence on the formation of Cape
Darnley Bottom Water (CDBW). In the eastern sector, Prydz Bay, the
formation of Ice Shelf Water preconditions the water (cold and fresh)
that flows into the central sector to ~68.5◦E, enhancing
sea ice production in Cape Darnley Polynya. This produces a high
salinity variant of DSW (up to 35.15 g/kg) DSW that we coin Burton Basin
DSW. In contrast, the western sector of the Cape Darnley Polynya
produces a low salinity variant (up to 34.85 g/kg) we coin Nielsen Basin
DSW. The resultant combined CDBW is the warmest (upper temperature bound
of 0.05◦C) AABW formed around Antarctica with an upper bound salinity of
~34.845 g/kg. Our findings will contribute to planning
future observing systems at Cape Darnley, determining the role CDBW
plays in our global oceanic and climate systems, and modelling past and
future climate scenarios.
Catalytic Impact of Natural Occurrence on Landscapes Degradation in Rural Communities a Threat to Biodiversity and Well-being
Authors: Adesina John Adekunle , Tang Xiaolan , Ren Yujie
Published: May 2024

Most people mainly disadvantaged or lower-middle-income nations reside
in the countryside. A resilient community is largely dependent on the
physical growth of remote regions. This study aims to assess the
catalyst effects of natural hazards like erosion on landscape
degradation in rural communities. With a focus on the threat to
biodiversity and well-being as it affects the people of Okitipupa, a
rural community in Nigeria. To evaluate and handle environmental issues,
the Driving Forces-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR) framework
is employed. The socio-economic and socio-cultural factors that propel
human activity and either exacerbate or lessen environmental constraints
are known as driving forces. A qualitative approach was deployed for
this study using a geospatial analysis of the study area within a
1.5x1.5KM sample frame where there is a major gully erosion. The spot
heights were taken to generate the soil elevation, the landforms, and
the hydrology. There are not many researches that look at how
biodiversity or natural resource management techniques and concepts
affect mental health in the countryside and rural settlements. There is
evidence that extreme weather events or climate have a detrimental
effect on mental health, and well-being in rural places. The sustainable
landscape design approaches are important due to the heterogeneous and
predominant nature of the climate, socio-economy, and landscapes of the
rural settlements. This understanding, which addresses the effects on
the psychological wellness of the most disadvantaged individuals, can
enhance government attempts towards comprehensive management and
environmentally conscious preparedness to curb or prevent future
reoccurrence.
New Relative Permeability Models for North American Sandstone Utilizing Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: S Hamblin , NA Darmaki , MA Zarooni , H Nantongo , F Boukadi , P Obeng , E Edusah , J Osumanu
Published: May 2024

Mathematical models and machine learning applications such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been adopted in hydrocarbon exploration, drilling, production, and reservoir engineering. Thanks to ample data sets and computing power, statistical analysis, analytics, and model prediction replace time-consuming and expensive laboratory measurements. This study used ANN to create two models for predicting water (krw) and oil (kro ) relative permeability profiles for predominantly North American water-wet sandstone reservoirs. The developed model was compared to the Modified Corey and Ibrahim and Koederitz’s equations. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2 ) and Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the new model. The developed model showed a superior fit and can, therefore, be utilized to generate krw and kro profiles for North American water-wet sandstone reservoirs.
Dinamika Kehidupan Multikultural Di Kampung Kajanan, Buleleng, Bali Dan Potensinya Sebagai Sumber Belajar Sejarah Di SMA
Authors: Cala Maria Ulda , Purnawati Desak Made Oka , Yasa I Wayan Putra
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: tumbuh dan berkembang dinamika masyarakat multikultur di Kampung Kajanan, Singaraja, Bali, bentuk-bentuk multikulturalisme masyarakat di Kampung Kajanan, Singaraja, Bali, aspek-aspek kehidupan multikulturalisme yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber belajar sejarah di SMA. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah dengan pendekatan kualitatif meliputi: pertama heuristik yaitu proses pencarian dan pengumpulan sumber-sumber sejarah, kedua kritik sumber atau verifikasi yaitu tahap pengujian sumber data, ketiga interpretasi yaitu tahap penafsiran data sebelum kemudian dapat di tulis menjadi tulisan sejarah dan terakhir historiografi yaitu tahap penulisan sejarah yang dapat dilakukan setelah data telah melalui proses-proses sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa: Tumbuh dan berkembang masyarakat multikultur di Kampung Kajanan, Singaraja Bali tidak terlepas dari karena adanya perdagangan, perkawinan silang, perpindahan penduduk dan kebijakan politik. Dari berbagai kegiatan ini, banyaknya etnis-etnis yang ramai berdatangan ke Bali khususnya di Buleleng, Bali Utara. Hingga menjadi masyarakat multikulturalisme di Kampung Kajanan. Bentuk multikulturalisme masyarakat di Kampung Kajanan dapat dilihat pada bidang sosial, budaya, ekonomi dan bangunan. Aspek-aspek yang bisa dikembangkan sebagai sumber belajar projek penguatan profil pelajar pancasila yaitu: aspek sejarah, aspek toleransi, aspek sosial dan aspek budaya.
 
Kata-kata kunci: Multikultural, Kampung Kajanan, Sumber Belajar sejarah
Knowledge-Based Economy in Developing Countries: Measurements and Impacts
Authors:   , Abdel-Sattar Abdel-Mawgoud Eid Heba
Published: May 2024

The traditional factors of production, such as land, labour, and capital, have typically determined a nation’s comparative advantage. However, in the context of a global Knowledge-Based Economy (KBE), a nation’s prosperity is now determined by its knowledge assets. This transition to a KBE offers endless advantages and is desirable for all countries. However, developing countries face significant challenges in adopting this new development paradigm, where knowledge is the key driver of economic growth. Yet, to effectively measure the extent to which a country is considered knowledge-based on the international level, a robust framework is needed. Although the burgeoning literature, existing KBE measurement frameworks have limitations and may not accurately reflect the progress and efficiency of the transition to a KBE, especially in developing countries. Consequently, relying on these frameworks can lead to misleading policy directions that hinder the necessary rapid transition in developing countries. This thesis aims to fill the gap in understanding the KBE within developing countries through an extensive analysis. To achieve this, the thesis begins by reviewing the conceptual and theoretical literature on the KBE. It then critically examines existing measurement frameworks and empirical studies related to the KBE, specifically evaluating their suitability for developing countries. In response to the limitations found, a new and more effective measurement framework is proposed. This framework focuses on input-output indicators across four dimensions of the KBE: acquisition, distribution/dissemination, production, and utilization. Notably, it utilizes a non-parametric approach known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which differs from conventional econometric analysis. The DEA empirical results are then compared with those obtained from other existing KBE measurement frameworks, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the advantages offered by DEA. Based on the DEA empirical findings, knowledge production is identified as the weakest aspect, despite its utmost importance among the four KBE dimensions. As a result, this thesis places special emphasis on enhancing innovation development in selected developing countries through effective innovation policies tailored to their specific circumstances and utilizing country-specific innovation policy instruments.
Cocreation In Context: An Evaluation of Participatory Technology Design for Enhancing Community Engagement with Public Spaces
Authors:   , Carter Anna
Published: May 2024

The integration of interactive public displays into urban regeneration is a dynamic research area, extending beyond traditional screens to offer accessible, alternative interactions in outdoor settings. These displays not only provide users with a wealth of information but also provide in depth emotionally charged interactions, evoking nostalgia and re-engaging people with a space. In the ever-evolving urban landscape, this thesis addresses the challenges posed by adapting spaces and the effect this can have on the way people engage with these spaces, highlighting a need for innovative interventions to help communities to remain engaged with their local spaces. This work centres on integrating interactive public displays into urban environments, with a primary focus on evoking nostalgia (an affectionate feeling for the past [54]) and topophilia (emotional connections to a space [271]). This thesis embarks on a journey, engaging a diverse range of users, including designers, children, regeneration experts, and community members. It commences with a nine-month deployment of a tangible embedded interface into a dynamic urban context, receiving over 10,000 session interactions. This real-world experience shows the importance of incorporating aspects of cultural heritage and immersive content into informative designs. Subsequently, the journey explores uncharted territories, navigating the landscape of cocreation methods and collaborative efforts, culminating in the development of a multisensory installation, that integrates olfactory, auditory, and visual elements. This exploration delves into the intricacies of community engagement, technology integration, nostalgia, and the dynamics of urban regeneration. As these chapters unfold, valuable lessons are drawn from field experiences, guiding a reflective journey through the design process with an aim to advance interactive public display creation by addressing gaps in design tools and methodologies. Resulting in feature requirements for an overarching master design suite, this contribution advances the field of HCI within urban regeneration. It brings together valuable lessons learned and recommendations for integrating novel multimodal installations of the future, while also addressing the need for adaptable tools to facilitate their design. This holistic approach underscores the transformative potential of technology in shaping urban environments and community engagement.
Contemporary approaches to the diagnosis and management of Pancreatic Ductal adenocarcinoma, examining the role of biomarkers in aiding early diagnosis
Authors:   , Mortimer Matthew
Published: May 2024

Whilst other cancers have seen improvements in survival over recent decades, Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a disease with poor outcomes. At present no screening tests exist to detect pancreatic cancer at an early stage in the asymptomatic population. There is an increasing interest in novel ways to detect pancreatic cancer at an earlier stage in the disease process when a potential cure is more likely to be achieved. A literature review was undertaken of the current understanding and management of this devastating disease, focussing on aetiology, current methods of cancer diagnosis and staging, and therapeutic options. A feasibility study was then undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a selection of novel candidate biomarkers to differentiate between plasma and urine obtained from participants with and without pancreatic cancer, comparing them with the current gold standard biomarker, Ca19-9, which is often used with a cut-off concentration of 37U/L. Enzyme-Linked-Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to quantify concentrations of Ca19-9, Thrombospondin-2 (THBS2) and Human Chitinase 3-like 1 (YKL-40). Samples were analysed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, with the spectra of cancer and non-cancer specimens being compared, allowing a machine-learning diagnostic model to be created. In isolation, plasma Ca19-9 had the greatest ability to discriminate between cancer and non-cancer (AUC = 0.885). However, a multi-analyte panel (comprising plasma Ca19-9, plasma THBS2 and urinary THBS2) was found to have a greater diagnostic accuracy to discriminate between the 2 groups when compared to using the widely used Ca19-9 cut-off of 37U/L (83.33% vs 76.6%). A diagnostic model using FTIR spectroscopy had a diagnostic accuracy of >90%.Pancreatic cancer remains a disease with poor outcomes, but there are promising new strategies to diagnose patients at an earlier stage. The initial results from these investigations are promising, but require validation with a larger test cohort.
Understanding the Seasonality of Campylobacter Infection among Commercial Broiler Chickens in the United Kingdom
Authors:   , Phillips Daniel
Published: May 2024

Campylobacter spp. are responsible for more cases of gastroenteritis than any other bacteria in humans. Up to 80% of cases originate from poultry. Infections in both chickens and humans follow a seasonal pattern, with an increase in incidence during warmer months. This study aims to determine which causal factors are associated with the seasonal onset of Campylobacter infection in housed chickens. Eleven farms around Herefordshire, UK, were assessed daily for Campylobacter spp. presence by quantitative PCR on swabs taken inside one chicken house per farm. Weather, farm performance indicators and background information about each farm were recorded and used in statistical models to determine the strength of association between parameters and Campylobacter presence. Increased detections of Campylobacter were associated with wooden house construction, and how well temperature and humidity were managed within the house. A subset of four farms was observed for a further seven production cycles, with the same sampling regime as before, along with paired daily swabs of the external farm environment. At slaughter, sections of ilea were collected, tested for Campylobacter presence by PCR and for gut damage using histopathology, and caecal contents were collected for community 16S rRNA gene analysis. Damage to ileal villi was observed primarily in summer months. The diversity of caecal bacteria increased with Campylobacter infection and during summer months. Campylobacter infection of chickens was found to be unlikely to originate from the farmyard environment. Changes to the chicken gut were identified as varying with season, in similar patterns as observed under Campylobacter infection. This study identifies risk factors associated with Campylobacter infection that will guide how future chicken farms may be constructed to improve control of Campylobacter contamination risk factors, and proposes interaction between chicken gut microbiota and the environment inside the chicken house as being a potential explanation of Campylobacter seasonality.
Assessment of Carbon Neutrality and Sustainability of KCAET Campus in Kerala, India
Authors: P. D. Gopika , Gayathri Menon T. , Kumar Suraj , Deepak Anusree K. , Varughese Anu , M. R. Namitha
Published: May 2024

The study was conducted during 2021–22 with a view to analyze the carbon neutrality and sustainability of Kelappaji College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology (KCAET) campus. It was done for proposing and implementing sector-wise adaptation and mitigation strategies to develop KCAET campus of Malappuram district in Kerala as a “Carbon Neutral Campus”. A carbon emission and sequestration analysis in the sectors of food consumption, transportation, energy, waste and AFOLU (Agriculture, Forest and Other Land Use) was done.  The required data were obtained by conducting various surveys, and the corresponding emission factors were taken from available literatures.  Carbon emission and sequestration of each sector was calculated as the product of the emission factor and activity data. The total carbon emission from the campus was found to be 522.086 CO2 eq.t and the total sequestration from the campus was 177.2 CO2 eq.t.  Since the carbon emission is higher than carbon sequestration, it can be inferred that the campus is not carbon neutral.  Strategies for achieving and maintaining carbon neutrality through reduction in emissions, improving stock of carbon and creating carbon credits/reserves need to be adopted. Since the major emission is from transportation and use of fuels, energy efficient methods to save energy and switching to renewable energy sources to bring down the emissions from energy consumption need to be implemented.
Struktur Frasa Adverbial Bahasa Batak Toba Analisis Teori X-Bar
Authors:   Magister Ilmu Linguistik, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sidabalok Dindasari , Mulyadi Mulyadi ,   Magister Ilmu Linguistik, Universitas Sumatera Utara
Published: May 2024

This study aims to describe the structures forming an adverbial phrase in the Batak Toba language. This research is a qualitative research. The data in this study is in the form of Batak Toba text. Data sources are obtained through observation, interviews, as well as using researchers' intuitive data as active speakers of Batak Toba language. At the observation stage, researchers were directly involved in the conversations of several Toba Batak speakers in a coffee shop. Then an unstructured interview was conducted using provoking questions to the informant. The type of question given is related to the grammatical acceptability of phrase structure in the Batak Toba language. While in the process of data analysis is carried out by grouping data based on the similarity of elements, then determining the right elements is carried out. The results of research and discussion show that in the Toba Batak language there are 4 rules of adverbial phrase structure in the Toba Batak language, yaitu: (1) Adv + A = Adv’, Adv’ + Spes = FAdv, (2). A + Adv = Adv’, Adv’ + Spes = FAdv, (3) Ad + Adv = Adv’, Adv’ + V = Adv’, Adv’ + Spes = FAdv, (4) Adv + Ad = Adv’, Adv’ + Adv = Adv’, Adv’ + Spes = FAdv. Keywords: adverbial pharase, Tobanese, X Bar theory
Impact of Linguistic Environment on Speaking Skills of Female Students at the Arabic Language Center Islamic Boarding School in Indonesia
Authors: Harnika Lika , Abidin Zainal , Maulana Muhammad Fikri , Saputri Serli , Salsabila Afna Mufidah , Azim Azron
Published: May 2024

The research emphasizes the effectiveness of Arabic language learning when supported by a social environment where Arabic is used daily. It aims to assess the linguistic environment and speaking skills at an Arabic Language Center within an Islamic Boarding School, as well as determine the impact of the environment on speaking skills. Using a quantitative approach with SPSS 22, the study employed a case study method for sampling, gathering data through observation, interviews, and documentation. Analysis involved processing questionnaires and drawing conclusions. Results showed a strong Arabic-speaking environment at the Islamic Boarding School, with 68.8% of students proficient in speaking skills. Speaking skills at the Arabic Language Center were very strong, especially among students from Arabic-speaking households, with 91.8% proficiency. A moderate correlation between environment and speaking skills was observed, indicating a relationship between the two variables among students at the center.
Avaliação dos impactos da digitalização no setor público: estudo de caso no poder legislativo estadual
Authors: Back Koerich Adriana , Carneiro Mussi Clarissa , S. O. de Andrade Guerra José Baltazar , Leonir Casagrande Jacir
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Analisar os impactos da implementação do Sistema Eletrônico de Informações enquanto inovação em um órgão legislativo.
Originalidade/valor: Há necessidade de estudos sobre a influência dos resultados específicos da inovação nas produções públicas. Além disso, a concentração em governos locais e no setor de saúde deixa outras áreas, como o Poder Legislativo, pouco exploradas.
Método: Trata-se de um estudo de caso com dados coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, pesquisa documental e observação participante, e analisados por meio de análise de conteúdo qualitativa e triangulação dos dados.
Resultados: Foram destacados impactos em eficiência, eficácia, qualidade da informação, melhorias na coordenação e cooperação intra/intersetorial, controle organizacional, relacionamento com cidadãos, empresas e outros órgãos públicos e aumento da satisfação e domínio do trabalho.
Conclusão: O estudo evidencia impactos significativos gerados pela implementação do SEI para além do âmbito interno, destacando a importância da transformação digital na administração pública. Assim, contribui na consolidação da política nacional de gestão de processos eletrônicos e direciona ações de governança em busca do melhor desempenho.
Community Service Efforts to Strengthen Indonesian Cultural Literacy Based on Virtual Box Reality for Deaf Children
Authors: Rahayu Sri , Rahayu Poppy Sonia , Fajruddin Syauqi Ahmad , Lestari Ni Made Wida , Ahmad Ahmad , Hardika Hardika , Desyanty Ellyn Sugeng
Published: May 2024

The problem with SLB-B Sumber Dharma Malang is the low knowledge of grade 4 and 5 students regarding Indonesian cultural literacy. This is because the learning media applied by teachers is only through YouTube, so the delivery of Indonesian cultural literacy material is less than optimal. The program aims to strengthen Indonesian cultural literacy for deaf students at SLB-B Sumber Dharma Malang with learning media based on Virtual Box Reality and the Lidantara application. The program implementation method consists of preparation, implementation, closing, evaluation and drawing conclusions. Based on the pre-test, post-test and sharing session, the results showed that the implementation of the Lidantara’s program had an impact on increasing the percentage of students' knowledge and understanding regarding Indonesian cultural literacy from 47% to 97%, and students were able to retell the cultural content they had seen in a coherent manner, clear and comprehensive. Thus, the results of the Lidantara’s program have been proven to be able to overcome partner problems. The sustainability of the program is by forming a team of teachers and students and guaranteeing by including the Lidantara’s program in the school's additional curriculum. Keywords: Indonesian cultural literacy, Virtual Box Reality, Devotion
Participatory Learning Strategy in the Retirement School Program to Achieve Quality Village Education
Authors: Nafi' Udin Moch. Badrun , Sri Redjeki Endang , Dayati Umi
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Karangjati, Kecamatan Pandaan, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Sebagai desa yang dinobatkan sebagai Desa Mandiri dalam IDM (Indeks Desa Berkembang), meski sudah dinobatkan sebagai Desa Mandiri namun tetap memerlukan pendampingan. Data yang diperoleh peneliti berjumlah 2.559 orang, dari jenis pekerjaan yaitu pensiun/menganggur/belum bekerja. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, LSM Yayasan Investasi Sosial Indonesia (YISI) melaksanakan program sekolah pensiun agar lebih produktif di masa pensiun. Proses penyadaran menggunakan strategi pembelajaran partisipatif karena mayoritas siswa yang belajar adalah orang dewasa. Berdasarkan uraian di atas, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) apa saja strategi pembelajaran partisipatif yang digunakan oleh fasilitator di sekolah pensiun, (2) apa dampak sekolah pensiun terhadap proses pembangunan berkelanjutan desa pada poin 04 (SDGs-Desa Berkualitas). Pendidikan). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Tahapan metode penelitian ini adalah (1) Studi pendahuluan lokasi penelitian, (2) Pengumpulan data dan profil desa Karangjati, (3) Pengembangan instrumen, (4) pengumpulan data, (5) analisis temuan, (6) Triangulasi data, (7) penarikan kesimpulan, dan (8), penyusunan artikel
Digital Marketing Training For Home Businesses In Bodag Village, Ngadirojo District, Pacitan Regency
Authors: Hiryanto Hiryanto , Slamet Setiana Dafid , Desi Aryani Neng
Published: May 2024

This Community Service Activity for Real Work Lectures (PkM KKN) aims to provide knowledge and skills to the community, especially those who have businesses at Real Work Lecture locations, so they can market their businesses through various digital platforms such as Shoppi, Lazada, and other social media. The approach used in implementing this KKN PkM activity is to first make preparations, which consist of registering data on potential participants and their businesses, contacting village officials and preparing training places, contacting resource persons, then carrying out KKN PkM activities on a previously determined day and ending with evaluation. The Real Work Lecture activity, which is part of Community Empowerment or Community Service, was carried out for 2.5 months, in this regard, digital marketing training was carried out for home businesses at the KKN location on Saturday, October 28 2023, which presented speakers from business actors who use digital marketing, this activity was attended by a target group of 27 people who have various home businesses, such as a small specialty food industry from the village, so by participating in this activity it is hoped that they can market their business more widely and their income will increase. Apart from delivering material and practice, PkM activities also include mentoring provided by KKN participants so that they can truly market their businesses. After completing the activity, the participants were evaluated through observation and interviews with the results, the majority stated that this activity was very useful and felt happy, with the hope that it could be applied to increase income, apart from that they also gained new knowledge and skills, the hope was that there would be mentoring and other training, as well as understanding how to market your business products via cellphone.
Intructional Leadership to Realize School Quality Culture (Case Study at Insan Amanah Elementary School, Malang City)
Authors: Adriansyah Riko Rahmad , Yusuf Sobri Ahmad , Bambang Sumarsono Raden , Wahiza binti Abdul Wahat Nor
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil kepemimpinan pembelajaran dalam membangun budaya mutu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dan desain penelitiannya adalah studi kasus. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SD Insan Amanah Kota Malang yang merupakan sekolah dasar swasta yang terakreditasi A dan telah meraih berbagai prestasi akademik dan non akademik. Kesimpulan yang diambil dari analisis data adalah: (1) profil kepemimpinan pembelajaran berfokus pada peningkatan kualitas secara menyeluruh di berbagai bidang dan perbaikan berkelanjutan; (2) strategi kepemimpinan pembelajaran dalam membangun budaya mutu melibatkan kesamaan persepsi dan menciptakan lingkungan kerja yang harmonis; (3) bentuk budaya mutu meliputi budaya sekolah dan budaya islami, enam dimensi profil siswa pancasila, dan sistem reward and punishment; (4) faktor pendukung kepemimpinan pembelajaran dalam membangun budaya mutu melibatkan partisipasi seluruh warga sekolah dan kolaborasi; dan (5) faktor penghambatnya antara lain staf yang kehilangan motivasi, siswa yang kurang antusias, masyarakat yang kurang mendukung, beban administrasi yang berlebihan, dan program sekolah yang serentak. Namun demikian, kepala sekolah telah menerapkan berbagai upaya untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, seperti segera menyelesaikan masalah, melakukan kegiatan refleksi mingguan, pemantauan dan bimbingan berkala, klinik pembinaan, dan memaksimalkan peran guru bimbingan dan konseling.
Implementasi dan Hambatan Dalam Penerapan Kurikulum Merdeka di Sekolah Dasar: Studi Kepustakaan
Authors: Mooy Angela Paulin , Nawangsari Nur Ainy Fardana
Published: May 2024

Kurikulum merdeka diadakan dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan siswa dan lulusan yang kompeten akan tantangan dimasa depan. Akan tetapi, dalam proses implementasinya belum terlaksana dengan baik dan memunculkan persoalan serta hambatan terkhusunya penerapan di sekolah dasar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran implementasi kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar dan mengetahui hambatan dalam mengimplementasi kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu literature review. Sumber data sekunder yang digunakan berasal dari 16 artikel jurnal nasional. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa implementasi kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar telah dapat dilihat dari lima aspek implementasi kurikulum merdeka yaitu, 1) pengembangan kurikulum operasional sekolah ; 2) penggunaan perangkat ajar ; 3) projek profil Pancasila ; 4) pembelajaran sesuai tahap capaian belajar peserta didik ; 5) pengembangan inovatif. Adapun hambatan dalam implementasi kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar yaitu, 1) terkait dengan fasilitas-sarana prasarana ; 2) tenaga pendidik dan guru ; 3) kondisi siswa, lingkungan, dan keluarga ; 4) ketimpangan atas kebijakan pemerintah.
Studi Literatur: Peran Guru Penggerak Dalam Rangka Peningkatan Kualitas Pendidikan Nasional
Authors: Palobo Agri Felisitas , Yoenanto Nono H
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan mengenai bagaimana peran guru penggerak dalam upaya meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan nasional. Metode yang digunakan yaitu, metode studi literature review dari 12 sumber terdiri atas 3 buku dan 9 jurnal dari Google Play Books, Google Scholar, serta Research Gate dengan menggunakan kata kunci “kualitas pendidikan” dan “guru penggerak”. Hasil dari studi literature review yang didapatkan bahwa pendidikan di Indonesia masih dibayangi oleh beberapa masalah pendidikan yang mempengaruhi kualitas pendidikan nasional, dimana permasalahan tersebut terbagi ke dalam dua lingkup yaitu lingkup makro dan mikro. Selain itu, penyebab rendahnya kualitas pendidikan di Indonesia mencakup tiga faktor diantaranya yaitu sistem pendidikan yang berjalan tidak optimal, kurikulum yang selalu berubah dan kompetensi guru. Peranan guru penggerak dapat mendorong peningkatan kualitas pendidikan nasional dimana guru berperan sebagai agen pembelajaran yang membuat proses pembelajaran berpusat pada siswa. Selain itu, aspek kepemimpinan perlu dimiliki oleh guru sehingga diharapkan siswa dapat menjadikan guru sebagai seorang figur penting dalam rangka merealisasikan pelajar pancasila yang mampu menghadapi tuntutan zaman.