bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POWER: an open, single-arm, post-market clinical trial using the TENA SmartCare Change Indicator in a home environment
Authors: Agholme Fredrik , Lamparski Artur , Radziszewski Piotr
Published: January 2023

Introduction

This clinical trial test the use of the TENA SmartCare Change Indicator in a homecare environment.

Material and methods

The trial included 35 elderly subjects with urinary incontinence. The trial lasted for 3 weeks. The primary outcome was the reduction in manual absorbing product checks between baseline (first) and investigational (third) week.

Results

The number of checks and leakages were significantly reduced by 16% (p = 0.001) and 40% (p = 0.0051).

Conclusions

Use of the device lead to a reduction in numbers of manual checks and leakages. The device appears to be safe, well-tolerated and easy to use.
ATRIBUIÇÃO DO CANAL CFTR NA FIBROSE CÍSTICA
Authors: Silva Amanda Lorraine Pereira , Azevedo Cintia Graziely Miranda , Leal Maria Carolina Bezerra Di Medeiros
Published: January 2023

Introdução: fibrose cística (FC) é uma doença autossômica recessiva ligada à mutação no gene CFTR (regulador de condutância transmembrana da fibrose cística), que determina a expressão proteica constituidora do canal regulador de cloro (Proteína CFTR). No mundo aproximadamente 90 (mil) pessoas são afetadas pela doença, com diagnóstico em torno de 1000 casos por ano e destes, 90% com severidade e mortalidade. Metodologia: trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica na base de dados PUBMED entre os anos de 2016 e 2021 com a seleção de 20 artigos em inglês que abordavam a temática. Foram usados os descritores: “cystic fibrosis”, “channel” e “gene”, além do operador booleano “and” entre as palavras-chave. Objetivo: analisar a importância do canal iônico (proteína-CFTR), no desenvolvimento da FC, bem como entender a suas complicações no sistema respiratório. Resultados e discussão: o canal (proteína-CFTR) possui 5 domínios distintos, tal estrutura ao ser ativada promove o efluxo do íon cloro. Nessa perspectiva, mutações que levam a disfunção nesse canal afetam o transporte do cloro e intensificam a absorção de sódio. Esses fatores prejudicam a homeostase de vários sistemas orgânicos, como o pulmão e o pâncreas, em função do processo obstrutivo decorrente do muco espesso e da desidratação na superfície epitelial.  Conclusão: As mutações nos genes CFTR, possuem direta relação na FC, dado que o mau funcionamento dos canais proteicos expressos por esses genes, implicam na desregulação iônica, espessamento e desidratação do muco, acarretando complicações clínicas.
Análisis del proceso competitivo en el mercado de auditoría español
Authors: Rodríguez Castro Paula , Ruiz Barbadillo Emiliano
Published: January 2023

La existencia de un alto nivel de concentración del mercado de auditoría y el control que puedan ejercer unas pocas empresas en el mismo, concretamente las cuatro grandes Firmas Internacionales, ha sido objeto de estudio en muchos países y ha provocado preocupación por parte de las instituciones reguladoras, debido a las potenciales implicaciones que la concentración puede tener en el nivel de competencia que se da en el mercado (GAO, 2003, 2008; FRC, 2009; Comisión Europea, 2010; Comisión de la Competencia, 2013). En este trabajo intentamos justificar que la concentración del mercado, aun cuando resulta una variable importante para describir la estructura del mercado, no puede ser utilizada para determinar la naturaleza e intensidad de la competencia. En este sentido, proponemos una metodología acorde a la información con la que se cuenta en el mercado de auditoría y que se basa fundamentalmente en aportar medidas dinámicas del comportamiento del mercado como son las variaciones de cuotas de mercado. A través de estas medidas se analiza el proceso competitivo subyacente en la variación de los rasgos estructurales del mercado y las conductas competitivas que desarrollan las empresas en el mismo. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo es aportar evidencia de la dinámica de la competencia en el mercado de auditoría español, para lo cual se propone un análisis de la intensidad de la misma a través de la movilidad intraindustrial al objeto de inferir determinadas conductas competitivas en las firmas auditoras.
Materiais: metálicos e não metálicos
Authors: Rêgo Vilson Ribamar
Published: January 2023

Esta publicação é baseada, em sua quase totalidade, em apontamentos de aulas. Seu conteúdo é direcionado aos estudantes dos cursos profissionalizantes bem como o de Engenharia Mecânica e a todos os que anseiam ter um conhecimento sobre o assunto.O livro está dividido em seis capítulos, mostrando, de forma prática, os conceitos e as técnicas, satisfazendo com eficácia a compreensão dos nossos alunos.Tivemos a preocupação de desenvolver projetos em consonância com os anseios da comunidade estudantil, porém o mérito está em trazermos à tona uma tecnologia ao alcance de todos, por meio da clareza e da fidelidade, características essenciais para a compreensão de quaisquer interessados. Daí, afirmarmos que o trabalho a que nos propomos trata de uma mostra da prática didática durante as aulas do curso de Engenharia Mecânica.
Pemberian Asimilasi Rumah Kepada Anak Binaan di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas II Bandung Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Jamaludin Ahmad
Published: January 2023

In the context of preventing and controlling the spread of Covid-19 in Correctional Institutions, the Minister of Law and Human Rights has stipulated Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights Number 32 of 2020 concerning Terms and Procedures for Granting Assimilation, Conditional Release, Leave Before Release, and Conditional Leave for Prisoners and Children. This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation process and the effectiveness of the implementation of home assimilation for foster children at the Class II Special Child Development Institute Bandung. The results of the research and discussion, it can be said that the assimilation of homes for foster children at the Bandung Class II Special Guidance Institute during the Covid 19 pandemic had a positive impact on the decline in inmates and foster children in Special Class II Bandung. Child Development Institutions through Assimilation and Integration to prevent COVID-19 for and foster children, reduce population density in Indonesia, save a lot of state money, and increase the productivity of foster children.

Dalam rangka pencegahan dan pengendalian penyebaran Covid-19 di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan, Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia telah menetapkan Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 32 Tahun 2020 tentang Syarat dan Tata Cara Pemberian Asimilasi, Pembebasan Bersyarat, Cuti Sebelum Pembebasan, dan Cuti Bersyarat bagi Narapidana dan Anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis proses pelaksanaan dan efektivitas pelaksanaan asimilasi rumah bagi anak asuh di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Anak Kelas II Bandung. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelaksanaan asimilasi rumah bagi anak asuh di Lembaga Pembinaan Khusus Kelas II Bandung selama Pandemi Covid 19 berdampak positif terhadap penurunan warga binaan dan anak asuh di Kelas Khusus II Bandung. Lembaga Pembinaan Anak melalui Asimilasi dan Integrasi pencegahan COVID-19 bagi narapidana dan anak asuh, berhasil mengurangi kepadatan penduduk di Indonesia, menghemat banyak uang negara, dan meningkatkan produktivitas anak asuh.
Does Audit Lag Become a Signal of Going-Concern Audit Opinion?
Authors: Handoyo Sigit , Wicaksono Aditya Pandu , Aditya Fuadi Arif
Published: January 2023

Going-concern opinion is an auditor's opinion based on the client's financial statements, which have financial problems. The company avoids this opinion because it will significantly affect the attitude of investors in the future. This study analyzes various factors that potentially affect the provision of going-concern audit opinions in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) manufacturing companies during 2017-2019. They are audit tenure, company size, opinion shopping, and audit report lag. The results show that audit tenure, company size, and opinion shopping significantly negatively impact the acceptance of going-concern audit opinion. In contrast, audit report lag is not related to the acceptance of going-concern audit opinion. These research findings indicate that investors should not use the delay of financial statement issuance to the public as a benchmark for a company experiencing financial or operational problems.
Stability of Demand from the Perspective of Islamic Economics in the Market of Pontianak City, West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Iqbal Ichsan , Kurniasih Erni Panca , Handayani Norika
Published: January 2023

This research article aims to show the stability of demand from the perspective of the consumers. The stability of demand is mainly influenced by consumer income, commodity prices, forecasts of future prices and taste. The methodology used in this research was the phenomenological method. This research analyzes the phenomena regarding the increase in the prices of basic staple commodities from the perspectives of the sellers and the buyers who face the price increase, and their views on price increases to maintain price balance. The increase in prices at the markets in Pontianak City occurred ahead of Eid al-Fitr al-Fitr, and burdened people with lower-middle income because it reduced the purchasing power of the people ahead of Eid al-Fitr. Even though the ‘market operation’ program had been carried out by the Government to balance the prices in every urban villages around the City, it still failed to cope with the price increase ahead of Eid al-Fitr. Therefore, it can be assumed that the stability of demand in Pontianak City has not been achieved.
ATTACHMENT STYLES & SUSCEPTIBILITY TO ADDICTIONS AND OTHER MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS
Authors: Demian Corina
Published: January 2023

Attachment is a complex system that provides the proximity and care necessary for the child’s survival and fulfills the child’s innate need for safety. From the earliest interactions when parents (attachment figures) comfort the child when she/he feels in danger, each new experience helps her/him to develop secure attachment, and thus the child learns to regulate his emotions and acquire strategies to cope with fear or suffering. If an insecure attachment style (preoccupied/avoidant/disorganized) is acquired, in adulthood people may face difficulties in regulating emotions and stress or may have difficulties in establishing and maintaining relationships. Empirical evidence from cross-sectional, longitudinal and review studies support the assumption that insecure attachment is a risk factor for addictions, but also for other psychopathological disorders. There is growing evidence that addictive disorders can be viewed as a possible expression of an attachment disorder, and the development of secure attachment can lead to better results in the prevention and early interventions of drug-related disorders. Recommended interventions include efficient parenting styles (authoritative/ permissive) training for parents, strengthening the parent-child relationship, ameliorating psychological dysregulation in mid-adolescence, developing adolescents’ abilities to self-regulate emotions and to resist to peer pressure.
THE EFFECT OF GRANDMOTHER’S SUPPORT UPON BREASTFEEDING PROCESS, IN TURKEY
Authors: AYRAN Gülsün , ÖZDEMİR Aynur AYTEKİN , KURT Fatma YILMAZ , KÜÇÜKOĞLU Sibel
Published: January 2023

AIMS: This study was carried out to define the support of the grandmother during the breastfeeding process. METHODS: This study with descriptive quality was carried out between January and July 2020 with 305 mothers of six-month and younger babies. The data were collected from four Family Health Centers with high population density in Erzincan city center. The data were collected with a questionnaire form created by the researcher. Percentage, mean, independent groups t-test, analysis of variance and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: It was found that the mean age for the babies of the mothers was 3.57±1.97 and the mean time of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) was 2.95±2.24. During the breastfeeding process, it was determined that 76.1% of the mothers got support from the grandmothers during the postpartum period, 66.9% got support for breastfeeding, baby care, housework and hosting visitors during the postpartum period, 28.5% were subjected to recommendations such as breastfeeding more often, expressing their milk, resting more, eating lactogenic food to have more breast milk and staying away from stress, 36.1% did not receive any comments on breastfeeding, 56.4% got nutritional advice rather than breast milk, 32.6% was recommended on water, sherbet and 73.8% had recommended complementary food. It was found that the grandmother’s support during the puerperium and their advice and comments during the breastfeeding process were efficient variables upon the EBF period up to the present (p<0.05). It was also determined that there was a positive correlation between the duration of EBF given by mothers and duration of the grandmother’s stay during the puerperium (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It was determined that majority of the mothers had support from grandmothers during the breastfeeding process, took advice, did not comment, and these had a positive effect upon the EBF period up to the present. However, it was found that grandmothers gave nutritional advice rather than breast milk and majority of mothers gave the recommended nutrition.
Filosofía, tecnología y educación. La lectura platónica de Neil Postman
Authors: Rocha Álvarez Delmiro
Published: January 2023

A partir de la lectura que Neil Postman realiza del célebre pasaje del Fedro de Platón acerca de la invención de la escritura, este artículo pretende analizar qué principios incluidos en el viejo texto platónico son pertinentes hoy para reflexionar sobre una sociedad tecnológica. Una vez detectados y analizados estos principios, el artículo considera las consecuencias de su aplicación en el ámbito de la educación, especialmente en los dominios de las humanidades en general y de la filosofía en particular. El artículo trabaja con dos ideas de fondo. La primera consiste en analizar cómo las nuevas tecnologías implementan nuevas ideologías y, por consiguiente, no se limitan a ejercer como simples herramientas. La segunda consiste en pensar la educación como, a la vez, parte del problema y quizá la única vía de solución posible. En este sentido, la educación funcionaría como veneno y remedio, término que encontramos en el Fedro platónico enunciado como “pharmakon”.
Saber científico y liberación de la persona humana
Authors: Caffarra Carlo
Published: January 2023

El hombre comenzó a vislumbrar una relación estrecha entre el saber científico y la liberación de su persona cuando comenzó a considerar la ciencia como un saber cuya única finalidad no era el conocimiento sino también la aplicación práctica, es decir, cuando la ciencia comenzó a ser considerada como proyecto de la acción humana. ¿Se trata de una visión que continúa el concepto ya conocido en la epistemología clásica de ciencia práctica o es una visión radicalmente nueva?, ¿cuáles son las implicaciones y las consecuencias antropológicas de esta visión? Estas son algunas de las preguntas que se plantea el autor al analizar la relación entre ciencia y liberación del hombre.
Mekanisme Eksekusi Sita Jaminan Aset Kripto di Indonesia
Authors: Andina Putri Chiquita , Nurhayati Yati , Riswandie Iwan
Published: January 2023

Cryptocurrency is a type of virtual currency that works similarly to real money and enables users to virtually send payments for transactions involving business. With the development of crypto assets today, several pawn and loan institutions accept crypto assets as collateral objects. In the case of pawning, default can also occur which requires that the collateral from the debtor be confiscated in the event of default. The purpose of this study is to determine the legal strength of crypto assets used as collateral objects and to find out the execution mechanism for crypto asset confiscation in Indonesia in the event of default. This study used a normative juridical research method for its research. The type of information used in this study is secondary information, specifically information found through library research. The result of this research is that crypto assets can be used as collateral objects, but not as main collateral. Crypto assets as collateral objects already have strong legal force, this is based on Book II of the Civil Code, Law no. 10 of 2011 concerning Amendments to Law Number 32 of 1997 concerning Commodity Futures Trading, Regulation of the Commodity Futures Trading Supervisory Agency Number 5 of 2019 concerning Technical Provisions for the Implementation of the Physical Crypto Asset Market on the Futures Exchange. In terms of regulating the confiscation of crypto assets, it can be said that currently in Indonesia itself there are no special regulations and special institutions that regulate the confiscation of crypto assets. But the process of confiscation of crypto assets can be carried out with procedures such as foreclosure of other material guarantees.
Pembagian Harta Bersama Pada Saham Pendirian Perseroan Terbatas
Authors: Fajarisya Setiawan Lintang
Published: January 2023

Divorcement of husband and wife does not necessarily terminate all matters between both divorced parties, there are legal consequences to be considered, one of which is joint property that must be shared. Positive law in Indonesia does not yet fairly regulate distribution of joint assets in shares of Limited Liability Companies in the Decision of the Supreme Court number 80/Pdt.G/2020/PN.JKT.UTR. Following the case above, the author is interested to discuss: (1) How is the distribution of joint assets in shares of the establishment of a limited liability company? (2) What are the Legal Consequences for the Distribution of Joint Assets to Limited Liability Company Shares? This study uses normative research methods. Several conclusions can be drawn from the results and discussion. First, in case the company is established by husband and wife then divorced, one of them must sell their shares to another person within 6 months, if after 6 months the shares have not been transferred to another person, all losses or legal consequences of the company is the responsibility of either husband or wife, and if there is an interested third party, they can apply for the company dissolution to the local District Court. Second, that the assets of a limited liability company established by husband and wife, any losses as long as the shareholder is a sole shareholder, will be the responsibility of the sole shareholder and borne by the assets of the shareholder. As legal protection provided by the law of limited liability company on the legal consequence is that each limited liability company shareholder becomes sole because of the reduction in the company's shareholder, then the law provides a period of 6 months to sell part of its shares to other parties.
Vertical distribution of black carbon and its mixing state in urban boundary layer in summer
Authors: Liu Hang , Pan Xiaole , Lei Shandong , Zhang Yuting , Du Aodong , Yao Weijie , Wang Tao , Xin Jinyuan , Li Jie , Sun Yele , Cao Junji , Wang Zifa
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The vertical distribution of black carbon (BC) as well as its mixing state is of great concern due to BC’s strong regional climatic and environmental effects. In this study, vertical measurements were conducted through a moveable container based on a meteorology tower in an urban area. A total of 112 vertical profiles (0–240 m), including the concentrations of BC, O3, NOx and the optical properties of aerosols, were obtained. Based on BC concentration, the vertical profiles could be classified into four categories: uniform, gradual decrease, sharp decrease, and sudden increase. The uniform type indicates strong vertical mixing with similar pollutant concentrations along the vertical direction. The gradual/sharp decrease types indicate stable vertical conditions with higher pollutant concentrations on the ground and lower concentrations at higher altitudes. Due to the strong radiation in summer, the vertical profiles exhibited a clear diurnal variation in which ~80 % of profiles were uniform during the daytime and ~40 %–90 % of profiles were gradual/sharp decrease types at night. O3 is an exception, and its concentration generally increases with height even under strong vertical mixing conditions. The size distribution of BC core varied slightly along the vertical direction, and the coating thickness, denoted by the shell/core ratio (Dp/Dc), of BC increased with height under stable conditions. Although the coating thickness could increase the absorption ability with an average absorption enhancement of 1.25 at 23:00, the vertical difference of Dp/Dc (2 %) was much lower than that of BC concentration (~35 %). The vertical variation of absorption ability was mainly caused by the variation of BC concentration. In addition, O3 and Dp/Dc occasionally increased during 6:00–8:00 but remained stable during 8:00–10:00. Vertical mixing and transportation from upper heights, such as the residual layer, could significantly influence the pollutant properties on the surface during early mornings. This study exhibits a continuous vertical picture of BC and its mixing state in urban areas, which would be helpful for understanding BC’s regional environmental effect.
Trends and seasonal variability of ammonia across major biomes inferred from long-term series of ground-based and satellite measurements
Authors: Ossohou Money , Hickman Jonathan E. , Clarisse Lieven , Coheur Pierre-François , Van Damme Martin , Adon Marcellin , Yoboué Véronique , Gardrat Eric , Alvès Maria Dias , Galy-Lacaux Corinne
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) is the most abundant alkaline component in the atmosphere. Changes in NH3 concentrations have important implications for atmospheric chemistry, air quality, and ecosystem integrity. We present a long-term ammonia (NH3) assessment in the Western and Central Africa region within the framework of the International Network to study Deposition and Atmospheric chemistry in Africa (INDAAF) program. We analyze seasonal variations and trends of NH3 concentrations and total columns densities along an African ecosystem transect spanning dry savannas in Banizoumbou, Niger and Katibougou, Mali, wet savannas in Djougou, Benin and Lamto, Côte d’Ivoire, and forests in Bomassa, Republic of Congo and Zoétélé, Cameroon. We use a 21-year record of observations (1998–2018) from INDAAF passive samplers and 11-year record of observations (2008–2018) of atmospheric vertical column densities from the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) to evaluate NH3 ground-based concentrations and total column densities, respectively. Annual mean ground-based NH3 concentrations are around 5.7–5.8 ppb in dry savannas, 3.5–4.7 ppb in wet savannas and 3.4–5.6 ppb in forests. These results suggest that NH3 emissions from precipitation-induced pulses and volatilization from animal excreta are important emission sources in dry savannas, and biomass burning and agricultural sources are important sources in wet savanna and forest ecosystems. NH3 total column densities clearly show that the biomass burning source is the most important source in the Lamto wet savanna ecosystem. Annual IASI NH3 total column densities are 10.1–11.0x1015 molec cm-2 in dry savanna, 16.5–21.4x1015 molec cm-2 in wet savanna and 14.3–15.1x1015 molec cm-2 in forest stations. Non-parametric statistical Mann-Kendall trend tests applied to annual data show that ground-based NH3 concentrations increase at Bomassa (+2.56 % yr-1), but decrease at Zoétélé (-2.95 % yr-1) over the 21-year period. The 11-year period of IASI NH3 total column density measurements show yearly increasing trends at Katibougou (+3.98 % yr-1) and Djougou (+2.24 % yr-1). At Zoétélé, we calculated an increasing trend of leaf area index associated to a significant anticorrelation with ground-based NH3 concentrations. Leaf area index increase could enhance deposition processes and could contribute to the decrease of ground-based NH3 concentrations.
Effects of Secondary Organic Aerosol Water on fine PM levels and composition over US
Authors: Kakavas Stylianos , Pandis Spyros , Nenes Athanasios
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Water is a key component of atmospheric aerosol, affecting many aerosol processes including gas/particle partitioning of semi-volatile compounds. Water related to secondary organic aerosol (SOAW) is often neglected in atmospheric chemical transport models and is not considered in gas-to-particle partitioning calculations for inorganic species. We use a new inorganic aerosol thermodynamics model, ISORROPIA-lite, which considers the effects of SOAW, to perform chemical transport model simulations for a year over the continental United States to quantify its effects on aerosol mass concentration and composition. SOAW can increase average fine aerosol water levels up to a factor of two when secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is a major PM1 component. This is often the case in the south-eastern U.S where SOA concentrations are higher. Although the annual average impact of this added water on total dry PM1 concentrations due to increased partitioning of nitrate and ammonium is small (up to 0.1 μg m−3), total dry PM1 increases of up to 2 μg m−3 (with nitrate levels increases up to 200 %) can occur when RH levels and PM1 concentrations are high.
Impact of Solar Geoengineering on Wildfires in the 21st Century in CESM2/WACCM6
Authors: Tang Wenfu , Tilmes Simone , Lawrence David M. , Li Fang , He Cenlin , Emmons Louisa K. , Buchholz Rebecca R. , Xia Lili
Published: January 2023

Abstract. We quantify future changes of wildfire burned area and carbon emissions in the 21st century under four Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) scenarios and two SSP5-8.5-based solar geoengineering scenarios with a target surface temperature defined by SSP2-4.5: solar irradiance reduction (G6solar) and stratospheric sulfate aerosol injections (G6sulfur), and explore the mechanisms that drive solar geoengineering impacts on fires. This study is based on fully coupled climate-chemistry simulations with simulated occurrence of fires (area burnt and carbon emissions) using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model Version 6 (WACCM6) as the atmospheric component of the Community Earth System Model Version 2 (CESM2). Globally, total wildfire burned area is projected to increase over the 21st century under scenarios without geoengineering and decrease under the two geoengineering scenarios. By the end of the century, the two geoengineering scenarios have lower burned area and fire carbon emissions than not only their base-climate scenario SSP5-8.5 but also the targeted-climate scenario SSP2-4.5. Geoengineering reduces wildfire occurrence through decreasing surface temperature and wind speed and increasing relative humidity and soil water, with the exception of boreal regions where geoengineering increases the occurrence of wildfires due to a decrease in relative humidity and soil water compared to present day. This leads to a global reduction in burned area and fire carbon emissions by the end of the century. However, geoengineering also yields reductions in precipitation compared to a warming climate, which offsets some of the fire reduction. Overall, the impacts of the different driving factors are larger on burned area than fire carbon emissions. In general, the stratospheric sulfate aerosol approach has a stronger fire-reducing effect than the solar irradiance reduction approach.
The importance of detection thresholds for the quantification of source and timing of high-latitude dust emission using remote sensing
Authors: Huck Rosemary Alice , Bryant Robert G. , King James
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The observation and quantification of mineral dust fluxes from high-latitude sources remains difficult due to a known paucity of year-round in situ observations and known limitations of satellite remote sensing data (e.g., cloud cover and dust detection). Here we explore the chronology of dust emissions at a known and instrumented high latitude dust source: Lhù’ààn Mân (Kluane Lake) in Yukon, Canada. At this location we combine ground instrumentation, space-based remote sensing platforms, ground-based AERONET data, and oblique camera images to (i) investigate the daily to annual chronology of dust emissions recorded by these instrumental and remote sensing methods (at timescales ranging from minutes to years), and (ii) use data intercomparisons to comment on the principal factors that control the detection of dust in each case. Dust emissions were observed using oblique time-lapse (RC) cameras installed at Lhù’ààn Mân for up to 23 hours a day. These were used as a baseline for analysis of aerosol retrievals from in situ metrological data, AERONET, and co-incident MODIS MAIAC. Use of high-cadence remote camera (RC) data collected during dust events allowed us to optimise the use of combination of date quality (DQ) 1 (aerosol optical depth - AOD) and DQ2 (single scattering albedo and Angstöm exponent) to best represent AOD dust retrievals from AERONET. Nevertheless, when compared with time series of RC data, optimised AERONET data only manage an overall 26 % detection rate for events (sub day) but 100 % detection rate for dust event days (DED) when dust was within the field of view. Here, in this instance, RC and remote sensing data were able to suggest that the low event detection rate was attributed to fundamental variations in dust advection trajectory, dust plume height, and inherent restrictions in sun angle at high latitudes. Working with a time series of optimised AOD data (covering 2018/2019), we were able to investigate the gross impacts of DQ choice on DED detection at the month/year scale. Relative to ground observations, AERONET’s DQ2.0 cloud screening algorithm may remove as much as 97 % of known dust events (3 % detection). Finally, when undertaking an AOD comparison for DED and non-DED retrievals, we find that cloud screening of MODIS/AERONET lead to a combined low sample of co-incident dust events, and weak correlations between retrievals. Our results quantify and explain the extent of under-representation of dust in both ground and space remote sensing method; a factor which impacts on the effective calibration and validation of global climate and dust models.
Global downscaled projections for climate impacts research (GDPCIR): preserving extremes for modeling future climate impacts
Authors: Gergel Diana R. , Malevich Steven B. , McCusker Kelly E. , Tenezakis Emile , Delgado Michael T. , Fish Meredith A. , Kopp Robert E.
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Global climate models are important tools for understanding the climate system and how it is projected to evolve under scenario-driven emissions pathways. Their output is widely used in climate impacts research for modeling the current and future effects of climate change. However, climate model output remains coarse in relation to the high-resolution climate data needed for climate impacts studies, and it also exhibits biases relative to observational data. Treatment of the distribution tails is a key challenge in existing downscaled climate datasets available at a global scale; many of these datasets used quantile mapping techniques that were known to dampen or amplify trends in the tails. In this study, we apply the trend-preserving Quantile Delta Mapping (QDM) bias-adjustment method (Cannon et al., 2015) and develop a new downscaling method called the Quantile-Preserving Localized-Analog Downscaling (QPLAD) method that also preserves trends in the distribution tails. Both methods are integrated into a transparent and reproducible software pipeline, which we apply to global, daily model output for surface variables (maximum and minimum temperature and total precipitation) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) experiments (O’Neill et al., 2016) for the historical experiment and four future emissions scenarios ranging from aggressive mitigation to no mitigation: SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5 (Riahi et al., 2017). We use European Centre for Medium-RangeWeather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA5 (Hersbach et al., 2018) temperature and precipitation reanalysis data as the reference dataset over the Sixth Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Assessment Report (AR6) reference period, 1995–2014. We produce bias-adjusted and downscaled data over the historical period (1950–2014) and for four emissions pathways (2015–2100) for 25 models in total. The output dataset of this study is the Global Downscaled Projections for Climate Impacts Research (GDPCIR), a global, daily, 0.25° horizontal-resolution product which is publicly hosted on Microsoft AI for Earth’s Planetary Computer (https://planetarycomputer.microsoft.com/dataset/group/cil-gdpcir/).
MOIST: a MATLAB-based fully coupled one-dimensional isotope and soil water transport model
Authors: Fu Han , Neil Eric J. , Li Huijie , Si Bingcheng
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Modeling water stable isotope transport in soil is crucial to sharpen our understanding of water cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. However, isotope and soil water transport are not fully coupled in current models. In this study, we developed MOIST: a MATLAB-based one-dimensional isotope and soil water transport model, a program that solves one-dimensional water, heat, and isotope transport equations simultaneously. Results showed that the MOIST model has good agreements to the theoretical tests and semi-analytical solutions of isotope transport under fixed boundary conditions. Furthermore, we validated the program with short- and long-term measurements from lysimeters studies. The overall Nash-Sutcliff efficiency coefficient (NSE) of soil water and deuterium (2H) transport for the short-term measurements are 0.66 and 0.69, respectively, with respective determine coefficient (R2) of 0.82 and 0.70, mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.02 m3 m-3 and 11.84 ‰. For the long-term lysimeter study, the overall NSE, R2, and MAE of simulated δ18O are 0.47, 0.49, and 0.92 ‰, respectively. These indices indicated the excellent performance of the MOIST model in simulating water flow and isotope transport in simplified ecosystems, suggesting a great potential of our program in promoting understandings of ecohydrological processes in terrestrial ecosystems.
A high-resolution perspective of extreme rainfall and river flow under extreme climate change in Southeast Asia
Authors: Hariadi Mugni Hadi , van der Schrier Gerard , Steeneveld Gert-Jan , Sutanto Samuel , Sutanudjaja Edwin , Ratri Dian Nur , Sopaheluwakan Ardhasena , Klein Tank Albert
Published: January 2023

Abstract. This article provides high-resolution information on the projected changes in annual extreme rainfall and high and low streamflow events over Southeast Asia under extreme climate change. The analysis was performed using the bias-corrected result of the High-resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) multi-model experiment for the period 1971–2050. Eleven rainfall indices were calculated along with streamflow simulation using the PCR-GLOBWB hydrological model. The historical period 1981–2010 and the near-future period 2021–2050 were considered for this analysis. Results indicate that over Indochina, Myanmar faces more challenges in the near future. The east coast of Myanmar will experience more extreme high rainfall conditions, while northern Myanmar will have longer dry spells. Over the Indonesian maritime continent, Sumatra and Java will suffer from the increase in dry spell length of up to 40 %, while the increase of extreme high rainfall will occur over Borneo and mountainous areas in Papua. Based on the streamflow analysis, the impact of climate change is more prominent in a low flow event than in a high flow event. The majority of rivers in the central Mekong catchment, Sumatra, the Malaysian peninsula, Borneo, and Java will experience more extreme low flow events. More extreme dry conditions in the near future are also seen from the increasing probability of future low flow occurrences, which reaches 101 % and 122 % on average over Sumatra and Java, respectively. Finally, the changes in extreme high and low streamflow events are more pronounced in rivers with steep hydrographs, while rivers with shallow hydrographs have a higher risk in the probability of low flow change. Our study highlights the importance of catchment properties in aggregating and/or buffering the impact of extreme climate change.
History of the Potsdam, Seddin and Niemegk Geomagnetic Observatories – Second Part: Seddin
Authors: Linthe Hans-Joachim
Published: January 2023

Abstract. The measurement series of the 3 geomagnetic observatories span over 130 years, starting in 1890. It is one of the longest, almost uninterrupted series of recordings of the Earth’s magnetic field. Data users frequently emphasize the high quality of the data and its significance for geomagnetic base research. Very well-known outstanding geomagnetism scientists as Max Eschenhagen, Adolf Schmidt, Julius Bartels, Gerhard Fanselau and Horst Wiese directed the observatories during their existence. This paper describes the history of the Seddin Observatory, which was in operation from 1907 until 1932.
A correction method for large deflections of cantilever beams with a modal approach
Authors: Gözcü Ozan , Barlas Emre , Dou Suguang
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Modal-based reduced-order models are preferred for modeling structures due to their computational efficiency in engineering problems. One of the important limitations of the classic modal approaches is that they are geometrically linear. This study proposes a fast correction method to account for geometric nonlinearities which stem from large deflections in cantilever beams. The method relies on pre-computed correction terms and thus adds negligibly small extra computational efforts during the time domain response analyses. The accuracy of the method is examined on a straight-beam model and International Energy Agency (IEA) 15 MW wind turbine blade model. The results show that the proposed method increases the accuracy of modal approaches significantly in secondary deflections due to nonlinearities such as axial and torsional motions for the two studied cases.
KAMU KURUMLARINDAKİ ALT İŞVEREN ÇALIŞANLARININ KADROYA ALINMASININ ANAYASAL ELEŞTİRİSİ
Authors: ARSLANTÜRK Yalçın
Published: January 2023

Kamu kurumlarındaki alt işveren çalışanlarına kadro verilmesi geçmişte uygulandığı gibi günümüzde de gündem olmaya devam etmektedir. Politik rasyonalite açısından uygun görülerek gerçekleştirilen söz konusu uygulamaların, Anayasa hükümleri açısından analiz edilmesi önem taşımaktadır. Zira söz konusu uygulamalar kanuni düzenlemelere dayanılarak yapılmakta olup normlar hiyerarşisine göre kanuni düzenlemelerin Anayasa’ya uygunluğu aranmalıdır. Mevcut kamu işçileri ile bu kadrolara atanmak isteyenler, mevzuat uyarınca belirli koşullarla bu kadrolara atanabilmektedir. Bu itibarla çalışmada kamudaki alt işveren çalışanlarına ayrı bir düzenleme ile kadro tahsisinin yapılması, Anayasa’nın özellikle “kanun önünde eşitlik” hükümleri doğrultusunda analiz edilmiştir. Anayasa Mahkemesi ve Danıştay’ın farklı kararlarında varlıklarını aramış oldukları kamu yararı, haklı neden gibi unsurlar dikkate alındığında söz konusu uygulamanın eşitlik ilkesine ve dolayısıyla Anayasa’ya aykırı olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca söz konusu uygulamanın Anayasa’nın 70’inci maddesindeki; hizmete alınmada, görevin gerektirdiği niteliklerden başka hiçbir ayrım gözetilemez, hükmüne de tezatlık teşkil ederek fırsat eşitliğini ortadan kaldırdığı yorumlanmıştır.
RECONSTRUCTIVE PLASTIC SURGERY INVOLVING THE PECTORALIS MAJOR MUSCLE FOR
BASAL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE FACIAL SKIN:
A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Kaibarov M. , Sloneva N. , Akhmetov D.
Published: January 2023

Relevance: Basal cell skin cancer is the most common malignant skin tumor originating from epithelial cells. Reconstruction of altered tissues
and organs is an urgent and significant medical and social problem. In particular, head and neck injuries are particularly difficult for functional,
cosmetic, and aesthetic reconstruction.
The article aimed to share the experience of performing reconstructive plastic surgery using the pectoralis major muscle at the Head and Neck
Tumor Center of Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology, JSC (KazIOR, Almaty, Kazakhstan).
Methods: The article describes the experience, operation steps, and results of postoperative wound healing after reconstructive surgery for
skin cancer progression. A split musculocutaneous flap with the inclusion of the pectoralis major on a vascular pedicle was used. The surgery was
performed at the Center for Head and Neck Tumors of KazIOR.
Results: Follow-up control 6 and 12 months after surgery showed that the musculocutaneous flap was intact. There was no evidence of recurrence or metastasis.
Conclusion: Musculocutaneous flaps involving the pectoralis major can successfully reconstruct combined extensive head and neck injuries.
Genotypic Characterization of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for Physiological Attributes Associated with Water Stress Tolerance
Authors: Hussain Khadim , Akbar Muhammad , Ashraf Farzana , Khan Muhammad Idrees , Sarwar Muhammad Ilyas , Hussain Fida , Iqbal Javed , Imran Hafiz Muhammad , Gill Mubashir Islam , Ramzan Hafiz Naveed
Published: January 2023

Drought has an impact on agricultural growth and development, which significantly reduces output and degrades produce quality. Fifty cotton genotypes were tested in the field for performance under artificially produced water deficit stress conditions. In 2015, sowing was carried out in the first week of May with two sets of every genotype in each replication. While the other set continued to be stressed by a water shortage, one set was regularly irrigated. The crop was allowed to grow for a duration of four weeks. Data on various physiological markers related to different genotypes' resistance to water stress were gathered. The findings showed that under normal and stressful conditions, the genotypes differed significantly (p 0.01) in a number of physiological variables e.g.  relative water content, cell damage, leaf water potential, excised leaf water loss, osmotic potential, and stomatal conductance. For the several variables examined, very significant interactions (p0.01) were also found between genotypes and water stress. The genotypes include (Include nut shell results indicating susceptible and tolerant varieties)
Correlation study of yield attributing traits in maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors:   GUNI - Kantaben Kashiram Institute of Agriculture Sciences and Research, Ganpat University, Gujrat, India, Chauhan Zalak , Shah S. N. ,   Department of Agronomy, B.A.C.A., A.A.U., Anand, Gujrat, India, Chaudhary Chinki S. ,   Department of Agronomy, N.M.C.A., N.A.U., Navsari, Gujrat, India, Rahevar Parthsinh ,   GUNI - Kantaben Kashiram Institute of Agriculture Sciences and Research, Ganpat University, Gujrat, India
Published: January 2023

Trial was led at College Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, India during rabi season of the years 2019-20 and 2020-21 to study the association of yield attributing traits in maize under INM treatments. Number of cobs per plant sowing highly significant positive correlation with the all-other traits under evaluation. Number of cobs per plant and Number of seeds per cob in the year 2019-20 showing positive significant genotypic correlation with the grain yield per plant whereas phenotypic correlation is non-significant. Evaluation of the maize with the same treatments for the two subsequent years and getting same result, suggesting efficacy of the experimental selection and validating the results. This study will provide early yield prediction by considering effect of INM treatments on yield attributes.
A Novel Diffuse-Interface Method for Compressible Multiphase Flows
Authors: Jain Suhas S.
Published: January 2023

Multiphase flows have a wide range of applications in natural and engineering processes. In this talk, I’ll present a novel diffuse-interface model and robust numerical methods for simulations of compressible multiphase flows.

I’ll first present the accurate conservative diffuse-interface/phase-field (ACDI) model for the simulation of multiphase flows. This method conserves the mass of each of the phases, and results in bounded transport of the volume fraction while maintaining the interface thickness on the order of only one to two grid points. I’ll present results from the canonical test cases, showing the improvement in the accuracy of interface shape and surface tension forces over the commonly used second-order conservative phase-field method. The capability of the ACDI model to maintain such sharp interfaces without the need for any special geometric treatment, unlike the sharp-interface methods, makes it a highly attractive interface-capturing method for accurate simulation of multiphase flows at an affordable cost.

Next, for the simulation of compressible multiphase flows, a five-equation model that consists of transport equations for the volume fraction, the mass of each phase, momentum, and total energy is used. Starting from this baseline five-equation model, I’ll present modifications to the model in such a way that the resulting system of equations can be discretized using a non-dissipative central scheme that is suitable for the simulation of turbulent flows. The resulting model is conservative, accurate, scalable, and maintains a constant interface thickness throughout the simulation. I will present simulations of canonical and complex turbulent compressible multiphase flows.

For stable and accurate numerical simulations of compressible flows, particularly at higher Reynolds numbers (Re), it is known that a discrete entropy condition needs to be satisfied in addition to the discrete conservation of kinetic energy. I’ll present a numerical flux formulation for the five-equation model that satisfies this condition (a KEEP scheme) and show that this formulation results in stable numerical simulations of compressible turbulent multiphase flows at high Re.

Finally, I’ll briefly highlight some of the related research efforts on the use of these methods for the simulation of shock-interface interaction problems, phase change, and multi-material systems.
Bosques energía sociedad nº15. Consumo de leña y otros biocombustibles sólidos en la región de Los Lagos: fuerte presión sobre bosques que crecen en suelos frágiles
Authors:   Instituto Forestal (Chile), Reyes Gallardo Rene , Sanhueza Rafael , Schueftan Alejandra
Published: January 2023

A partir de encuestas aplicadas el año 2020, se analizó el consumo final de energía del sector residencial de la región de Los Lagos. En total, la región consumió 7.575 gigawatt-hora/año, el 85% del cual se destinó a calefacción (principalmente leña). El consumo regional de leña se estimó en 2.490.333 m3 sólidos/año (60% urbano y 40% rural), lo que dista bastante de estimaciones previas. Sin considerar a los edificios de departamentos, el 87% de las viviendas urbanas y el 99% de las viviendas rurales consumen leña. En áreas urbanas, el consumo promedio fue de 8,1 m3 sólidos/año, mientras que en áreas rurales de 11,5 m3 sólidos/año (considerando solo viviendas que consumen leña). El 27% del consumo regional de leña ocurre en la provincia de Osorno, el 43% en la provincia de Llanquihue, el 27% en la provincia de Chiloé y el 3% en la provincia de Palena. El bosque nativo es la principal fuente de abastecimiento de leña en las provincias de Llanquihue, Chiloé y Palena, siendo especialmente crítico el impacto del mercado de la leña sobre los bosques de tepú (Tepualia stipularis) y sobre aquellos que crecen en suelos ñadi. En las ciudades de Puerto Montt y Osorno se observa un fuerte desacople entre crecimiento demográfico y consumo de leña, debido a una mayor diversificación del menú energético de las familias. Los planes de descontaminación atmosférica junto con una serie de cambios sociales, demográficos, y de infraestructura, están acelerando procesos de transición energética en la región.