bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rusia y España. Historia, cultura y traducciones de textos árabe-islámicos
Authors: DYAKOV Nikolay N.
Published: May 2017

Este artículo versa sobre las relaciones existentes entre Rusia y España, tanto a nivel histórico como cultural, y sobre la relación de ambos países con el mundo islámico. Partiendo de los primeros contactos de ambos pueblos con la civilización islámica, se estudia la evolución de ambas culturas influenciadas por la aportación árabe islámica, desde la Edad Media hasta la época moderna.
Factores asociados con el aislamiento social en una muestra de adultos mayores con seguridad social
Authors: Moreno-Tamayo Karla , Sánchez-García Sergio , Doubova Svetlana V.
Published: May 2017

Señor editor: El aislamiento social en adultos mayores (AM) es un asunto trascendental, no sólo por su prevalencia, que se estima entre 7 y 49%, sino porque además afecta la salud y el bienestar de los individuos. México ha experimentado diversos cambios poblacionales que han debilitado la estructura y la dinámica de las redes familiares y de amigos, por lo que los AM son susceptibles a sufrir aislamiento social. Conocer los factores que determinan el aislamiento social en la población envejecida tiene importantes implicaciones en términos sociales y de la práctica clínica...
A Genetic-Based Algorithm for the Interpretation of Pressure Transient Response in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Al Maqrami Z. N. , Kloucha C. K. , Al Kobaisi M. S. , Li D.
Published: May 2017

Naturally fractured carbonate reservoirs (NFR) host 50% of the world hydrocarbon reserves. Carbonate reservoirs are known for their high degree of heterogeneity and uncertainty in reservoir description. Characterizing the fracture system with reduced uncertainty helps in building predictable reservoir models that in turn are used by reservoir management for business decisions.

Integration of multi-data sources (static and dynamic) is vital to the understanding of the mechanisms of fluid flow present in a given reservoir. Calibration of geologic-based models (conditioned by static data) to flow-related data (well test and production data) can dramatically reduce the uncertainty in reservoir models.

In this work, we present a new development to further reduce the uncertainty in the characterization of fracture properties (e.g., orientation, conductivity, aperture, length and density) from well test pressure responses (e.g., permeability-thickness product, storativity, and interporosity). The optimization problem is addressed using a direct search method. A novel multi-level genetic algorithm is developed to find the optimum solution space of the fracture properties by minimizing the error in a new multi-objective function.

The proposed algorithm was benchmarked against the industrial software FracaFlow©. Synthetic data of heterogeneous systems were used for validation as well as to demonstrate the new algorithm capabilities. Our results clearly show further reduction of uncertainties in fracture property estimation compared to FracaFlow©.
Advances in Molar Wellstream Computation from Well Test Measurements
Authors: Hoda M. F. , Hoffmann A. , Kuntadi A.
Published: May 2017

Well-test rates are measured with special test separators operating at varying pressures and temperatures during initial production tests for a new well and during periodic tests used to monitor performance and allocate production of multi-well production separators. Often the separator oil API gravity and the separator gas specific gravity (SG) is measured, in addition. Converting test separator gas and oil rates to a common (fixed) set of surface separator conditions is necessary to ensure consistent rate allocation and development of valid inflow performance relations. This is also needed when interpreting the well's performance during the test or over time and against other wells.

This paper provides an advanced method based on EOS (equation of state) calculations that provide such consistency. The measured API & SG are considered additional data to be matched along with the well-test rates. The proposed method converts the reported test rates to a molar compositional wellstream rate. The resulting compositional wellstream rate, defined with a set of components for a particular EOS model, will exactly reproduce the reported test rates at the separator conditions prevailing when rates were measured. In addition, the method uses on-the-fly gamma model adjustment to match the oil API gravity and on-the-fly Hoffman straight line model slope adjustment to match the gas SG.

The requirements for converting test rates to a compositional wellstream include (1) an appropriate EOS model and (2) any reasonable estimate of the wellstream composition – the "seed feed". The seed feed is usually the previouslydetermined wellstream composition from an earlier test. The paper also discusses an advancement on preparing more accurate seed feed composition on well basis. The seed feed is flashed at test separator pressure and temperature, resulting in equilibrium gas and equilibrium oil compositions. The separator equilibrium compositions are recombined in a specific ratio that yields exactly the test separator gasoil ratio with the EOS model. The method includes the matching of API and Gas SG measured during the well-test.

Additionally, a method of improved seed feed estimation is presented. Such improved molar wellstream can form a basis for improved compositional well allocation solutions.
Quantitative Study of Formation Vertical Permeability in Middle East Thalassinoides Burrowed Carbonate Mudstone
Authors: Uddin Yasir Naseer , Clerke E. A. , Bammel B. , Koronfol Safouh , Grader Avrami
Published: May 2017

Vertical and horizontal permeabilities and Kv/Kh ratios are presented as a function of Thalassinoides burrow volume fractions for a burrowed mudstone interval of a major Middle East carbonate reservoir, using a new workflow that integrates physical and digital core analysis processes.

Thalassinoides-burrows are predominantly vertical and the burrow fill material may present tortuous and high permeability pathways through the low permeability mudstone matrix. Therefore, the burrow-modified carbonate mudstone formations require proper characterization for waterflood reservoir simulation and performance forecasts. The typical T-burrow diameter is five to ten millimeters, hence core plugs and whole cores are at the limit of proper scales to formulate the composite reservoir properties. The mudstone matrix itself defines a relatively tight rather isotropic carbonate matrix background. Quantifying the T-burrowed and mudstone composite system requires a new workflow integrating standard laboratory procedures and digital core analysis. The Kv/Kh ratios for these layers are a very important input to waterflood reservoir simulation.

The workflow utilizes detailed investigations from whole core to nanometer scales. The whole core three-dimensional CT image, being the largest rock extracted from the reservoir, is the basis for all up-scaling. The matrix and burrows are examined by subsampling the whole core and core plugs. The kernel properties for the matrix and burrows, such as porosity, permeability, mineralogy, volumetric fractions, connectivity, and texture are defined using multi-scale imaging methods, which include macro-CT, micro-CT and SEM. Porosity permeability trends derived for the matrix and burrows are presented and used in the upscaling processes. Up-scaled plug and whole core digital rock models are built and explored numerically to define composite formation properties and trends as a function of burrow volume fraction.

In summary: matrix permeability of the mudstone appears isotropic; permeability of the burrow fraction is one to three orders of magnitude larger than the matrix permeability; preliminary indications support higher burrow permeability with higher dolomite fractions; the matrix adds to the burrow network permeability connecting flow between dead-end burrows and composite formation Kv/Kh ratios are above one. A preliminary trend for Kv/Kh ratio as a function of burrow volume fraction is obtained. Overall formation burrow volume fractions presented herein are within the range presented in the literature.
Arps Transient Analysis: 10 Simple Steps for Tight Gas Evaluation
Authors: Creus Fernando Luis , Terrasanta Gustavo Ramón
Published: May 2017

It has been more than 70 years since J.J. Arps1 firstly documented the empirical equations used to analyse production trends. With the development of the unconventional reservoirs, other more complex techniques were presented to forecast the production history and determine the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR). Arps Transient Analysis seems to be in the opposite direction.

Arps formulas are widely used and highlypopular because of their simplicity and easy understanding. However, the cited author published his research in a context where the boundary-dominated flow period described the common behaviour of a field. On the other hand, unconventional reservoirs are characterized by the transient flow, and therefore, using Arps in this context, without the appropriate knowledge of the flow regimes involved, will certainly lead to incorrect conclusions.

Many other authors have already discussed the close relationship between the hyperbolic and diffusivity equations. Once the hyperbolic formulas start to be combined with flow regimes identification plots, the Arps formulations become a reliable transient analysis methodology.

Based on the complementation of hyperbolic and diffusivity equations, this paper provides a compiled methodology for tight gas evaluation. The first part introduces the Arps Transient Analysis and its final goal: a sound EUR calculation. The second part provides a comprehensive methodology to deeply understand the flow regimes present in the reservoir, both for gas and water, and how each flow parameter can be related to the well productivity and the ultimate recovery.
A Variant of Particle Swarm Optimization for Uncertainty Quantification
Authors: Babin V. , Yaubatyrov R. R. , Ushmaev O. , García D. Kremer , Golitsyna M. , Semenikhin A. , Ciaurri D. Echeverría
Published: May 2017

In this paper we present an enhanced and new optimization algorithm based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) that can be used in reservoir characterization applications to determine multiple solutions that reproduce measurements within satisfactory accuracy. The method is illustrated on a history-matching problem where significant speed-up is obtained with respect to a standard PSO implementation.

PSO is a global-search iterative technique where the solution space is explored using a swarm of particles. In every PSO iteration each particle is individually attracted to: the best point (in terms of objective function) in the swarm during last iteration, the best point visited by that particle in all iterations, and the best point found by any particle in all iterations. In the PSO variant proposed here, rather than single points, collections of points carefully selected are used as attractors. The algorithm ensures by a series of mechanisms that the number of attractors is adequate and that the solutions progressively determined are sufficiently different from one another.

A series of experiments were performed with a synthetic model based on a real oil field for which nine years of historical data were generated. Both standard PSO and the PSO variant were tested to obtain several models that reproduced well rates within acceptable accuracy. In order to determine multiple solutions via standard PSO (which usually returns only one solution), a number of independent runs with different initial conditions were considered (i.e., standard PSO was run in multi-start fashion). In our experiments, which had a budget of 3,072 simulations in the two cases, the number of solutions found on average by standard PSO and by our PSO variant was 8 and 837, respectively. That is, multi-start standard PSO may require, on average, around 100 times more simulations than our PSO variant to compute a comparable number of models (possibly) distributed in similar manner in the solution space. These results may be explained by noticing that the search for multiple solutions may be more efficient when all information is considered simultaneously than separately by means of a number of independent runs.

Standard PSO, when applied to many uncertainty quantification problems, may provide only one solution because the particles in the swarm generally tend to converge to essentially a single point. The Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF), which has lately become a very popular history-matching algorithm, presents a similar problem because the ensemble sometimes collapses into one solution. The PSO variant introduced in this work can be an efficient alternative to these algorithms in reservoir characterization since it has been designed to provide multiple and different solutions in a single run.
EOR Simulation of Convection and Diffusion in Fracture During CO2 Injection in Tight Oil Reservoir
Authors: Fang Xin , Yue Xiangan , Fang Wei , Lu Shuyun , Geng Zhi
Published: May 2017

Fractures always play a significant role in tight oil reservoir development. Due to the high conductivity, the efficiency of mass transfer between fracture and matrix determines the ultimate development effectiveness especially during gas injection process. Convection and diffusion in fracture have been recognized as two dominant mechanisms affecting the mass transfer. In current studies, many authors illustrate this process by reducing the fracture to a lower-dimensional structure and imposing inconsistent boundary conditions on fracture surface. However, it hardly reveals the continuity of mass transfer between fracture and matrix in this kind of simplification.

In this paper, we studied the effect of convection and diffusion in fractures on the fracture-matrix mass transfer as well as the final recovery by developing a coupled model considering mass transfer continuity on the fracture wall. The model accounts for convection and two dimensional diffusions in the fracture, vertical convection and diffusion in the matrix. The interaction between matrix and fracture is expressed by exposing a consistent boundary condition. Subsequently, a numerical method was applied to solve the model. The model was validated by available experimental data. And then we compared the results generated by model under inconsistent boundary condition. Finally, we discussed the effect of injection rate and matrix permeability on convection-diffusion mass transfer efficiency.

The results show that convection and two dimensional diffusions in fracture promoted material transport between fracture and matrix during CO2 injection process. And convection in fracture favors transversal vertical diffusion both in fracture and matrix, which is the main mechanism for mass transfer in fracture-matrix system. In addition, with decreasing matrix permeability, transverse vertical diffusion in matrix dominated in mass transfer gradually.

The proposed model sheds some light on mechanism of mass transfer during gas injection in tight oil reservoirs. The method provides EOR practice for reference.
Integrated Prospect Evaluation and Characterization Using Pre-Stack Seismic Data, Mansoura Area, onshore Nile Delta, Egypt
Authors: Fathy W. , Shams A.
Published: May 2017

In 2003, an aggressive drilling program started in Mansoura area in the onshore Nile Delta, with high success ratio. The program benefited from the direct hydrocarbon indicators provided by the post stack seismic data. After proving hydrocarbon presence in the field many reservoirs explored, however some challenges appeared lately. The most important challenges are the lithology and fluid discrimination due to the shale behavior, furthermore, the delineation of different reservoir properties like clay content, water saturation, and porosity proved to be challenging.

Analysis of pre-stack seismic data for different reservoir properties prediction is commonly used for reservoir characterization. To enhance pre-stack seismic data quality some seismic gathers preconditioning flowcharts have been applied on the pre-stack data. The wavelet spectral analysis has been performed after conditioning the data then different techniques like the AVO simultaneous inversion, AVO analysis and density inversion have been applied on both west Dikirnis and west Khilala fields.

Building rock physics model was carried out in the onshore Nile Delta to link the elastic properties and the reservoir properties. The model implemented in the unexplored areas within the concession to minimize the drilling risk of the delineated prospects. The rock physics model built in the area of study helped significantly to discriminate between wet sand, shale and gas sands. The middle and late Messinian are typically sand rich sections with excellent reservoir quality encountered in the drilled wells within both fields. Different reservoir properties predicted using the advanced inversion techniques in addition to the well data showing strong correlation at the well locations.

The reliability of the far and ultra-far seismic data was encouraging. The cross-plot of the acoustic impedance versus shear impedance represents a useful technique in the onshore Nile Delta for sand and shale discrimination. Using Elastic impedance logs we can discriminate the water bearing sand, hydrocarbon sand and shale especially at the ultra-far angle.
Regional Scale 3D Geomechanical Modeling For Evaluating Caprock Integrity And Fault Leakage Potential During Underground Gas Storage Operations In A Produced Field
Authors: Sun Junchang , Wang Jieming , Zheng Dewen , Xu Hongcheng , Li Chun , Zhao Kai , Zhong Rong
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a regional scale 3D geomechanical modeling study of the HB large produced gas field located in the northwest of China, which was converted to UGS facility in June 2013. The reservoir is approximately 3500m deep and there are three faults completely penetrate the caprock. The potential of the caprock failure and reservoir-bounding faults leakage after 14 years depleted production and their dynamic containment during UGS operations must be comprehensively evaluated.

In this study, a multi-disciplinary approach was used to build the static regional-scale 3D geomechanical model through interagrated analysis of geologic, seismic, well drilling, logging and rock experimental data. Gas-bearing reservoir, primary and secondary caprock, three main faults as well as underburden were all covered in this model. Comparing to the reservoir model, the regional scale geomechanical model is expanded laterally by about 5 times. Reservoir pressure during gas production and subsequent annual gas injection/withdrawal was passed to the model using Eclipse software.

The 3D fluid-dynamical geomechanical model was calibrated using the surface vertical displacements measured by InSAR interferometry over the second operation cycle. Simulation indicated that the change of reservoir pressure has a significant impact on the state of the regional-scale stress. Significant differences of in-situ stress have occurred on the both sides of the faults after gas production. It was found that the caprock failure and fault slip had not occur during past gas production, thus ensuring the safety of the UGS conversion. However, distribution of the in-situ stress became more heterogeneous due to high rate gas injection and withdrawal during the UGS operations that may have a significant impact on well integrity. Shear failure and hydraulic fracture of the caprock will not occur during the long term gas storage operations. But the model predicted a maximum shear slip up to 5 cm associated with cyclic gas injection and extraction and the slip tendency of the Southern fault is increasing with the UGS operations which will be weak spot of the UGS integrity. Consequently, it is strongly recommended to strengthen the dynamic monitoring of the Southern fault.

This paper provides a comprehensive geomechanical simulation method for assessment of the risk of caprock integrity failure and fault leakage of large UGS in produced gas filed during long term operations. This work is particularly important in the selection and design of UGS in complex faulted depleted gas filed in China.
Application of Multi-Level and High-Resolution Fracture Modeling in Field-Scale Reservoir Simulation Study
Authors: Gong Bin , Thakur Ganesh , Qin Guan , Peng Xian , Xu Wei
Published: May 2017

Carbonate formations are usually highly fractured. The fractures exist at all length scales ranging from microscopic fissures to kilometer-size structures. Consequently, it is vitally important to rigorously characterize the multi-scale fracture system and to accurately model the fluid flow in such highly fractured porous media. In this paper, we will present an integrated workflow for characterization of natural fracture system and accurate numerical modeling of fluid flow in fractured rocks. We have then applied the workflow in a field-scale reservoir simulation study, and the simulation results demonstrate significant advantages of the proposed workflow over the conventional dual-porosity/dual-permeability modeling approach.

The fracture characterization usually involves the integration of multiple data sources including core analysis, image logs and seismic interpretations etc., at different scales. The fracture mappings are thus required to perform at different length scales and resolutions. In this study, we present a systematic approach that characterizes the actual fracture distribution with seismic and log interpretations. Firstly, the small-scale fractures are interpreted using image logs and seismic anisotropy analysis with a co-Kriging and stochastic modeling approach. The small-scale fractures are initially constructed in an explicit fashion, and are then incorporated in the matrix medium using a flow-based upscaling procedure. Secondly, the large-scale fractures are mapped out from post-stack seismic data with ant-tracking and maximum curvature analysis. The reservoir is then gridded into unstructured tetrahedral or prism meshes to fully resolve these large fractures. This discrete fracture model (DFM) is employed in a reservoir simulation study based on such grid system.

We apply the procedure for simulation study and history match on a portion of a gas reservoir which is highly fractured in Longwangmiao formation in Southwest China. Currently, there are 7 horizontal and 2 vertical wells in operation in this block and some large-scale fractures are connected to edge water causing early water breakthrough. We partition the reservoir block into about 0.6 million cells, in which 153 large-scale and thousands of small-scale fractures are fully resolved. The simulation study is carried out and history match is successfully achieved using an extended Ensemble Karman Filter (EnKF) algorithm. Due to the fast edge water invasion, both gas and water rates exhibit sharp changes in a short time period. The proposed simulation procedure is able to efficiently capture such extreme flow dynamics and achieve good history match. The simulation results clearly demonstrate the major advantages in efficient multi-scale fracture characterization and numerical simulation in the proposed workflow.
Low-Salinity Fines-Assisted Waterflooding: Multiscale Analytical and Numerical Modelling
Authors: Borazjani S. , Behr A. , Genolet L. , Kowollik P. , You Z. , Bedrikovetsky P.
Published: May 2017

The aim of this work is the development of mathematical models for oil–water flow with varying injected water compositions in oil reservoirs. The model accounts for two main mechanisms of low salinity waterflooding (LSW): wettability alteration and salinity-variation-induced fines migration. Analytical and numerical models are developed and applied to low salinity fines-assisted core flood tests.

In large reservoir scale, the general system of equations permits for an analytical solution. The solution is obtained by recently developed splitting technique, where the stream function is used as a variable instead of time. Large-scale approximation assumes that six dimensionless groups for dissipative and non-equilibrium effects are negligibly small. Numerical results are obtained for the general system, which accounts for dissipative and non-equilibrium effects.

The effects of fines migration and wettability variation on oil recovery are discovered as two separate mechanisms in LSW. The significant EOR-effects of both mechanisms are observed under the typical oil reservoir conditions.
Utilization of Geosciences, Geostatistics, and Fluid Flow Simulations to Evaluate Well Placement Sensitivity
Authors: Salahuddin Andi A. , Qureshi Zaghum U. , Bandyopadhyay Indrajit , Seiari Jamila M. , Hammadi Khaled E.
Published: May 2017

The paper is continuation of SPE-175682 and SPE-182963. This work illustrates horizontal well placement optimization studies conducted on a Cretaceous complex carbonate reservoir with thin oil column and strong water drive reservoir. A further complication for the well placement is the presence of some thin high permeability streaks intervals with permeability value of up to 1 Darcy. Early water breakthrough encountered in the existing oil producers is a serious problem which results in lower oil production rates, lower oil recovery, and increased lifting cost. In addition, premature water breakthrough would leave behind bypassed oil zones. Hence determining the optimum location of the wells is a critical and crucial decision to be made during a field development plan.

In this study, we apply integrated geosciences, geostatistical, and flow simulations to assess options for well placement. Base case porosity, permeability, and water saturation realization was selected from multi-realizations performed in the static model which was then used for sensitivity in fluid flow simulations. Flow simulation was used to analyze the performance of the well considering horizontal wells length, well azimuth, well inclination, wells position relative to the reservoir top as well as its position relative to the water contact. In addition, multi-scenarios of well placement relative to the high permeability intervals were created to see the impact on the oil rate, plateau, and water breakthrough time.

The flow simulation results show that the 4000 feet horizontal well that penetrating the upper high permeability streak gives the best performance in most of the cases. In contrast, the performance of the horizontal wells deteriorated rapidly once the well hit the lower high permeability streaks.

Some producers in the studied reservoirs have been drilled using the multidiscipline study recommendation. Actual property derived from the newly drilled wells displayed a very reasonable match to the expected property from model. In addition, production test and well commissioning result also showed comparable match with what was expected from dynamic simulation.
Delayed Sowing Improved Barley Yield in a No‐Till Rainfed Mediterranean Agroecosystem
Authors: Plaza‐Bonilla Daniel , Álvaro‐Fuentes Jorge , Bareche Javier , Masgoret Albert , Cantero‐Martínez Carlos
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas

Sowing delay and cultivar effects on cereal production and water and N use efficiencies were studied.

Sowing delay increased grain yield due to greater number of grains per m2.

Sowing delay maximized the efficiency in the use of resources.

The effect of delaying sowing date and maturity class on no‐till (NT) winter cereal performance was studied over two periods of 3 yr each. A 3 (sowing date) × 2 (maturity class) randomized complete block design was run for 3 yr with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (B‐) (2006–2007 to 2008–2009) and soft wheat (Triticum sp.) (W‐) (2009–2010 to 2011–2012) in northeastern Spain. Sowing dates corresponded to October (D1‐ the standard farming practice), November (D2), and December (D3). Maturity classes corresponded to early (‐EC) and medium (‐MC). Crop aboveground biomass, grain yield, and yield components were analyzed. The water use efficiency of aboveground biomass (WUEb) and grain yield (WUEy), and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), were calculated. Averaging barley maturity classes and cropping seasons, D2 and D3 increased their grain yields 59 and 46%, respectively, when compared to D1. A greater number of grains per spike, as well as higher WUEb and NUE were observed in D2 and D3 compared to D1 in two of the three barley seasons. A greater thousand kernel weight (TKW) and higher WUEy were observed when sowing was delayed. Averaged across years, WEC presented a greater yield and aboveground biomass for D2 and D3 compared to D1, while for WMC there were no grain yield differences seen between the sowing dates, aboveground biomass or yield components. Our results demonstrate that, in western Mediterranean areas, sowing delay under NT can increase grain yield, WUE and NUE of winter barley, and also of wheat but only during wet years.
Impact of Early Sowing on Winter Wheat Receiving Manure or Mineral Fertilizers
Authors: Christensen Bent T. , Jensen Johannes L. , Thomsen Ingrid K.
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas

Grain yield benefits of early sown wheat was 0.5 and 1.0 Mg ha−1 for mineral fertilizers and animal manure.

Over‐winter N uptake was 11 kg N ha−1 higher in early than in timely sown wheat.

At harvest, 19 kg N ha−1 more N was removed in early than in timely sown wheat.

The beneficial effect of early sowing compares to that of N catch crops.

Surface‐applied cattle slurry provides a poor N use efficiency and grain protein.

To reduce over‐winter nitrate leaching from temperate soil, nitrate catch crops can be grown between main crops. We hypothesize that earlier sowing can replace catch crops sown before winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and improve wheat yields and N uptake. Early sown (late August) and timely sown (late September) wheat were tested over two cropping seasons (2011–2012 and 2013–2014) using two contemporary cultivars (Hereford and Mariboss) and increasing rates of N (0–300 kg total N ha−1) with animal manure (AM; cattle slurry) or mineral fertilizers (NPK), surface applied in late March. We measured over‐winter N uptake in wheat, harvest yields, and N concentrations in grain and straw. Over‐winter N uptake was 11 kg ha−1 higher for early than for timely sown wheat; at harvest this benefit increased to 19 kg N ha−1. Mariboss yielded more straw than Hereford whereas grain yields did not differ. Early sowing increased grain yields by 0.5 and 1.0 Mg ha−1 for NPK and AM, respectively, regardless of N rate. Grain and straw N concentrations were higher with NPK than with AM, and NPK showed higher N use efficiency (0.48–0.53) than AM (0.15–0.22). Moving sowing of winter wheat from late September to late August provided higher grain and straw yields; the increased over‐winter N uptake suggests that the beneficial effect of earlier sowing may surpass that of a catch crop. Cattle slurry surface applied in late March gave poor N use efficiency and low grain protein content.
Identification and Analyses of Chromosome Segments Affecting Heterosis Using Chromosome‐Segment Substitution Lines in Rice
Authors: Peng Xiaosong , He Haohua , Zhu Guoqiang , Jiang Lin , Zhu Changlan , Yu Qiuying , He Jun , Shen Xianhua , Yan Song , Bian Jianmin
Published: May 2017

A high level of heterosis exists in intersubspecific crosses between indica and japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, and the exploitation of heterosis has long been considered a promising method of increasing rice yield. To analyze the chromosome segments associated with heterosis for yield‐related traits and to dissect the major heterosis quantitative trait loci (QTL) for marker‐assisted selection in intersubspecific crosses to improve rice yield, we introduced a set of 37 chromosome‐segment substitution lines (CSSLs), each of which carried one or a few chromosome segments of the indica rice cultivar Habataki, in the genetic background of the japonica rice cultivar Sasanishiki. The CSSLs were individually crossed with ‘Changhui T025’ to generate a set of corresponding F1 hybrids (chromosome‐segment substitution line hybrids, CSSLHs). These CSSLHs were field‐tested for nine yield‐related traits in two different environments, and 20 heterosis QTL were detected. These QTL were divided into two groups: the positive alleles of one group originated from the Habataki × Changhui T025 hybrid, whereas those of the other group originated from the Sasanishiki × Changhui T025 hybrid. This implied that many different genes that positively contribute to heterosis likely exist in indica and japonica cultivars. Four key heterosis QTL were identified in both environments: qHppp10 for panicle number per plant, qHph1‐1 for plant height, qHtgw4‐1 for 1000‐grain weight, and qHdsp1 for spikelet density per plant. The indica × indica segments at these QTL represent good candidates for marker‐assisted selection for the corresponding traits in intersubspecific crosses to improve yield. Moreover, the CSSLs harboring these QTL represent candidate parents of F1 hybrids along with Changhui T025 or other indica lines.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI MINAT MASYARAKAT BERINVESTASI SUKUK
Authors: Yuliati Lilis
Published: May 2017

This study aims to analyze the interrelationship between risk factors and product attributes that affect the public interest in Islamic Sukuk invest SR001 and to know the appeal of an independent Islamic Bank Sukuk SR001 in selling by investors point of view. The method used in this study is a survey, while the sukuk investor respondens is SR 001, amounting to 100 people. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires with Likert's scale. The analytical technique used is multiple regression. Based on the results of research and discussion that has been done can be concluded that the risk of investment and product islamic attributes positive effect on the public interest to invest, it is evident from the results of the test statistic, the test F and test T.

***
Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interrelasi antara faktor-faktor resiko dengan atribut produk yang mempengaruhi minat publik terhadap investasi Sukuk Islam SR001 dan untuk mengetahui daya tarik Sukuk Bank Islam SR001 menurut para investor. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah survei, sementara responden adalah investor sukuk SR 001 sejumlah 100 orang. Pe­neliti­an dilaksanakan dengan cara membagi kuisioner dengan skala Likert. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi ganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan diskusi yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa resiko investasi dan produk Islami berkait positif dengan keinginan publik untuk melakukan investasi. Ini tampak jelas dari penghitungan statistik dengan test F dan T.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA KOPERASI PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Aji Gunawan
Published: May 2017

Some problems are still coming up in developing boarding school cooperative. Quality of human resources, participation and performance of cooperative boarding school are some among so many problems are actually there. Strategy to improve the performance of cooperative boarding school is very urgent through participation, commitment and ability to keep innovative among members.

***
Beberapa persoalan masih tampak dalam pengembangan koperasi sekolah. Kualitas sumber daya manusia, partisipasi dan KINERJA koperasi pesantren merupakan beberapa di antara sekian banyak masalah yang ada. Strategi untuk memperbaiki kinerja koperasi di pesantren sangat penting, yaitu melalui artisipasi, komitmen, dan kemampuan untuk mempertahankan agar anggota tetap innovatif.
FUNDAMENTALISME AGAMA
Authors: Rosidah Nur
Published: May 2017

Al-Qur’an frequently stated as a basic source for violence and terror as well as Islamic fundamentalism. This is because materially there are some provocative-agitative verses in al-Qur’an for violence doer and terrorist. This article discussed about the way to study Qur’an verses on violence and the interpretation methodo­logy applied to understanding that verses.

***
Al-Qur’anseringkali dinyatakan sebagai landasar perilaku kekerasan dan teror serta fundamentalisme Islam. Hal ini karena secara material terdapat beberapa ayat di dalam al-Qur’an yang provokatif dan agitatif untuk terjadinya kekerasan dan teror. Artikel ini membahas tentang cara melakukan kajian ayat-ayat al-Qur’an tentang kekerasan dan metode interpretasi yang diterapkan untuk memahami ayat tersebut.
MENUJU DIALOG ISLAM – KRISTEN: PERJUMPAAN GEREJA ORTODOKS SYRIA DENGAN ISLAM
Authors: Arifin Zaenul
Published: May 2017

Conflict between Christianity and Islam prevailed the pages of the history of religion. Having a common origin, the two religions always stuck in a violent conflict. This article try to explore deeply the Syrian Orthodox Church, and find out the common roots with Islam. It is found the parallelization in any theological aspect of Christianity and Islam, especially in the observance of religious duties. The data cought will have an importance in developing the dialog between Islam and Christian.

***
Konflik antara Kristen dengan Islam tampil dalam sejarah agama. Karena memiliki sumber asal yang sama, kedua agama selalu terlibat dalam kontak ke­kerasan. Tulisan ini mencoba untuk mengkaji secara mendalam geraja orthodoks Syria dan ditemukan akan adanya akar yang sama dengan Islam. Ditemukan pula adanya paralelisasi dalam aspek teologinya, khususnya pe­laksana­an kewajiban agama. Data yang didapatkan menunjukkan arti penting dalam pengembangan dialog antara Islam dengan Kristen
THE RECONSTRUCTION OF RELIGIOUS EDUCATION INTO COMMUNITY’S LEGAL LIFE
Authors: Suryono Hassan
Published: May 2017

The aim of this study was to elaborate how the religious education can be implemented to the community life as the reference and norm of behavior in their life. Religious education developed in legal order remained to be needed inexplicitly. There is a tendency that the community wanted to organize their life corresponding to the religion. For making the religion to be alive, the state’s leadership and participation is needed to regulate it. The constructed religion value in community behavior manifested in legislation will ensure the presence of both law certainty and law enforcement. Thus, religion and law containing regulations and prohibitions will bind to everyone, either ordinary people or ruler. The religion becoming the universal foundation of life. So,  there should be an identification and verification of shared religion values before they are constructed to be law in the plural community life.

***
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguraikan bagaimana pendidikan agama dapat diterapkan untuk kehidupan masyarakat sebagai referensi dan norma-norma perilaku dalam kehidupan mereka. Pendidikan agama dikembang­kan di tengah masyarakat hukum secara tidak eksplisit. Ada kecenderungan bahwa masyarakat ingin mengatur hidup mereka sesuai dengan agama. Akan tetapi peran serta negara tetap diperlukan untuk mengatur itu, dimana nilai-nilai agama diwujudkan dalam undang-undang, sehingga dapat dipastikan adanya kehadiran hukum agama dan hukum positif untuk tegaknya suatu tatanan hukum. Hal ini karena agama dan hukum mengandung peraturan dan larangan akan mengikat semua orang, baik orang biasa atau penguasa. Agama juga menjadi tumpuan hidup yang bersifat universal. Oleh karenanya, diperlukan identifikasi dan verifikasi terhadap nilai-nilai agama yang universal sebelum menjadi hukum yang disepakati di dalam masyarakat plural.
REVISITING THE SPIRIT OF RELIGIOUS NATIONALISM IN THE ERA OF PLURALISM AND GLOBALIZATION: Reading the Text of NDP of HMI
Authors: Makin Al
Published: May 2017

This article is a reflection of the text of NDP (Nilai Dasar Perjuangan/Basic Principles of Struggle) text held by HMI (Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam/Muslim Student Association) as a basis of their activism struggle in Indonesia. The text consists of eight sections covering many aspects, such as theology, anthropology, sociology, and epistemology. By critical thinking, the NDP text of HMI should be transformed continuously toward an era of global diversity and plurality. In Indonesian context, there has been a fundamental change along with the democratization that brings out an openness and multi-party political system. This is important regarding that the NDP of HMI has been drafted in 1960 and 1970 when Nurcholis Madjid era faced the context of socio-political thought. The study found that the NDP of HMI is required to be changed in the context of new world order. It is not a sacred text, so the change is a necessity.

***

Artikel ini merupakan refleksi dari teks NDP (Nilai Dasar Perjuangan) yang dimiliki HMI (Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam) sebagai dasar untuk perjuangan aktivisme mereka di Indonesia. Teks terdiri dari delapan bagian yang meliputi banyak aspek, mulai dari teologi, antropologi, sosiologi, hingga epistemologi. Dengan pembacaan secara kritis terhadap teks NDP HMI di tengah perubahan dunia global yang terus mengalami transformasi menuju era keragaman dan kemajemukan global. Pada konteks lokal Indonesia, juga telah terjadi perubahan yang mendasar seiring dengan gelombang demokratisasi yang memunculkan era keterbukaan dan sistem politik multipartai. Hal ini penting, mengingat NDP HMI disusun dalam kurun waktu antara tahun 1960 hingga 1970-an di mana era Nurcholis Madjid menghadapi konteks pemikiran dan sosial-politik pada waktu itu. Studi ini menemukan bahwa NDP HMI sudah sewajarnya memerlukan perubahan di tengah konteks dan tatanan dunia yang baru. NDP HMI bukanlah teks yang suci, sehingga perubahan adalah sebuah keniscayaan.
Changing mechanisms of agricultural water use in the urbanization and industrialization of China
Authors: Shao Weiwei , Zhou Zuhao , Liu Jiahong , Yang Guiyu , Wang Jianhua , Xiang Chenyao , Cao Xiaolei , Liu Haizhen
Published: May 2017

The rapid urbanization and industrialization of China in recent years has presented serious challenges for the country in guaranteeing the preservation of agricultural water resources. This study selected four areas in China, each with different water resource and social development conditions. The relationship between the processes of urbanization and industrialization and recent agricultural water use was analyzed using rates of urbanization and the proportion of the added values from secondary and tertiary industries to China's gross domestic product. The analysis showed that overall agricultural water use in China decreases as the processes of urbanization and industrialization proceed. Agricultural water use has decreased in the Huang-Huai-Hai and northwest regions because both have experienced water resource shortages. The impact of industrialization and urbanization is minor in the northeast and southern regions as these areas have abundant water resources; however, the proportion of agricultural water use to total water use has decreased. These results reflect the impact that urbanization and industrialization have on agricultural water use, particularly in terms of how these processes change population structure, industry structure, and comparative benefit. This study advocates for a synergistic development of industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, and the guarantee of grain safety in China.
Ultrastructure of bovine preantral follicles: effect of the slaughterhouse aseptic process on follicular integrity
Authors: Cisneros Prado Jadiel Leonel , Montiel Palacios Felipe , Canseco Sedano Rodolfo , Merchant Larios Horacio
Published: May 2017

Veterinaria México OA ISSN: 2448-6760Cite this as:Cisneros Prado JL, Montiel Palacios F, Canseco Sedano R, Merchant Larios H. Ultrastructure of bovine preantral follicles: effect of the slaughterhouse aseptic process on follicular integrity. Veterinaria México OA. 2017;4(2). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.4.2.424.Ovaries from slaughtered cows are the most abundant source of preantral immature follicles for in vitro studies including maturation and in vitro fertilization. Integrity of immature follicles may be compromised by inadequate management during the collection and transport of the gonads, limiting the success of a correct evaluation. This study assessed the effect of aseptic and transport of bovine ovaries on the structural and ultrastructural integrity of immature follicles from the ovarian cortex. Ovaries from 20 different crossbred cows (Bos taurus × B. indicus) were randomly assigned to one of two aseptic and transport treatments: (1) the ovaries were washed once with 70 % ethanol for 10 s, rinsed twice with normal saline solution (OH + NSS), and then transported in NSS + 0.05 % gentamicin sulphate; or (2) the ovaries were washed three times with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and transported in PBS + 0.05 % gentamicin sulphate. Samples of the ovarian cortex were obtained from each treatment group. Half of samples of each treatment was processed for histologic evaluation of follicular morphology and developmental stage using haematoxylin & eosin, and the other half was processed to analyse the ultrastructure of immature follicles using transmission electronic microscopy. The rates of good-quality follicles were 36.95 % and 88.6 % for OH + NSS and PBS, respectively. Histological analysis showed higher number of abnormal follicles in OH + NSS than in PBS treated ovaries (F1,12 = 99.64, P = 0.0001). The proportions of morphological alterations were not significantly different between treatments (χ21,7 = 7.72, P = 0.358). The ultrastructure of immature follicles from OH + NSS ovaries showed cell damage, revealed by abundant cell detritus around both, the oocyte and follicular cells. However, the presence of alterations was barely evident in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus of the granulosa cells.Figure 2. Semi-fine cuts of immature follicles present in bovine ovarian cortex treated with PBS (A, B, C; viewed at 40X) or OH+NSS (D, E, F; viewed at 40X).
Implementing Web Technologies as Organizational Communication Media: A Study of Employee Adoption Likelihood
Authors: Onobhayedo Pius A.
Published: May 2017

As an indicator of adoption likelihood, we studied employee dispositions that impact Perceived Usefulness (PU) of several Web technologies as organizational media. We also examined the acceptability of organization-owned platforms as informal communication media by employees. Employees were studied across two countries with different levels of infrastructure maturity—Spain and Nigeria. Results show that PU of Web technologies is positively impacted by employee usage habits, perceived capacity to facilitate image enhancement, use by persons with whom the employee wishes to relate and the availability of media options on the same platform. Previous notion that PU is positively impacted by media richness was not supported. Results also suggest employee unwillingness to use organization-owned media for informal communication except for job-related conversations that could enhance performance. We recommend approach to planning Web technologies implementation
as effective organizational media.