bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Biomass and Physiological Responses of Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara to Epiphytic Algae and Different Nitrate-N Concentrations in the Water Column
Authors: Min Fenli , Zuo Jincheng , Zhang Yi , Lin Qingwei , Liu Biyun , Sun Jian , Zeng Lei , He Feng , Wu Zhenbin
Published: November 2017

Increasing N concentration and the high density of epiphytic algae are both key factors leading to the decline of submerged macrophytes in many eutrophic lakes. In order to investigate the impacts of increased nitrate-N concentration and the growth of epiphytic algae on the decline of submerged vegetation, we conducted a 2 × 4 factorial experiment with the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara by measuring the biomass of plants and some physiological indexes in leaves of V. natans under four nitrate-N concentrations in the water column (0.5, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L) and two epiphytic groups (epiphytic algae group and no epiphytic algae group). The results suggested that epiphytic algae could impose adverse effects on the biomass accumulation of V. natans, while the increasing nitrate-N concentration (0.5–10 mg/L) could oppositely promote this process and counteract the adverse effect of epiphytic algae. When nitrate-N concentration was 5 mg/L, the total chlorophyll content in leaves of V. natans in the epiphytic algae group was prominently lower compared with the no epiphytic algae group, while MDA, free proline, and anti-oxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) activities were significantly higher. Overhigh nitrate-N concentration in the water column also directly imposed adverse effects on the physiology of V. natans. When nitrate-N concentration was over 5 mg/L, the total chlorophyll content and free proline decreased in the no epiphytic algae group, while soluble carbohydrates and soluble proteins decreased when nitrate-N was over 2.5 mg/L. Meanwhile, epiphytic algae and nitrate-N content imposed a synergetic effect on the anti-oxidant enzyme activities of V. natans. When nitrate-N concentration was over 5 mg/L, SOD, POD, and CAT activities kept constant or decreased, which indicated that the oxidation resistance of V. natans was inhibited by stress. Our results indicate that epiphytic algae and increasing nitrate-N concentration in the water column could severally or synergistically impose adverse effects on the physiology of submerged macrophytes and are both key factors leading to the decline of submerged macrophytes.
Pollution Removal Performance of Laboratory Simulations of Sydney’s Street Stormwater Biofilters
Authors: Macnamara James , Derry Chris
Published: November 2017

The City of Sydney is constructing more than 21,000 square metres of street biofilter units (raingardens) in terms of their Decentralised Water Master Plan (DWMP), for improving the quality of stormwater runoff to Port Jackson, the Cooks River, and the historical Botany Bay. Recharge of the Botany Sand Beds aquifer, currently undergoing remediation by extraction of industrial chlorinated hydrocarbon pollutants, is also envisaged. To anticipate the pollution removal efficiency of field biofilter designs, laboratory soil-column simulations were developed by Western Sydney University partnered with the City. Synthetic stormwater containing stoichiometric amounts of high-solubility pollutant salts in deionised water was passed through 104 mm columns that were layered to simulate monophasic and biphasic field designs. Both designs met the City’s improvement targets for total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP), with >65% median removal efficiency. Prolonged release of total suspended solids (SS) on startup emphasised the need for specifications and testing of proprietary fills. Median removal efficiency for selected heavy metal ecotoxicants was >75%. The researchers suggested that Zinc be added to the targets as proxy for metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and oils/greases co-generated during road use. Simulation results suggested that field units will play an important role in meeting regional stormwater improvement targets.
Inferring long‐distance dispersal modes in American amphitropically disjunct species through adaptive dispersal structures
Authors: Schenk John J. , Saunders Kelsey
Published: November 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

A repeated pattern of American amphitropical disjunct species or sister species distributed on either side of the equator has long‐fascinated botanists, but the modes of these disjunctions remain untested. We evaluated diaspore morphology to generate hypotheses on probable dispersal mechanisms.

METHODS:

The sizes and structures of diaspores, habit, habitat, distribution, and dispersal units were collected for 108 species from literature searches and herbarium specimens. Variation was evaluated with summary statistics, χ2 tests with Monte Carlo simulations, ANOVAs, and the nonparametric Mann–Whitney test.

KEY RESULTS:

Seeds were the dispersing diaspore in 38.0% of the species, 45.4 were dispersed as fruits, and the remaining were dispersed as infructescences or spores. Diaspores were epizoochorous (52.8%), anemochorous (20.4%), achorous (15.7%), endozoochorous (8.3%), and hydrochorous (2.8%). Epizoochory was significantly greater than expected. Zoochory occurred more frequently than expected when considering achorous diaspores as animal‐dispersed. Most species were associated with wetland, woodland, and grassland habitats. An ANOVA revealed that diaspores associated with hydrochory were larger and anemochory was smaller; all other syndromes were not significantly different.

CONCLUSIONS:

Botanists have long‐held the assumption that bird migrations are responsible for amphitropical disjunctions. Our results support this hypothesis, with the majority of these events occurring by external attachment of small fruits. However, our results also indicate that anemochory might play a greater role in producing amphitropical distributions than previously thought and at a greater rate than endozoochory or hydrochory.
A Direct Imaging Survey of Spitzer-detected Debris Disks: Occurrence of Giant Planets in Dusty Systems*
Authors: Meshkat Tiffany , Mawet Dimitri , Bryan Marta L. , Hinkley Sasha , Bowler Brendan P. , Stapelfeldt Karl R. , Batygin Konstantin , Padgett Deborah , Morales Farisa Y. , Serabyn Eugene , Christiaens Valentin , Brandt Timothy D. , Wahhaj Zahed
Published: November 2017

We describe a joint high-contrast imaging survey for planets at the Keck and Very Large Telescope of the last large sample of debris disks identified by the Spitzer Space Telescope. No new substellar companions were discovered in our survey of 30 Spitzer-selected targets. We combine our observations with data from four published surveys to place constraints on the frequency of planets around 130 debris disk single stars, the largest sample to date. For a control sample, we assembled contrast curves from several published surveys targeting 277 stars that do not show infrared excesses. We assumed a double power-law distribution in mass and semimajor axis (SMA) of the form

, where we adopted power-law values and logarithmically flat values for the mass and SMA of planets. We find that the frequency of giant planets with masses 5–20 M
Jup and separations 10–1000 au around stars with debris disks is 6.27% (68% confidence interval 3.68%–9.76%), compared to 0.73% (68% confidence interval 0.20%–1.80%) for the control sample of stars without disks. These distributions differ at the 88% confidence level, tentatively suggesting distinctness of these samples.
Galaxy Populations in Massive z = 0.2–0.9 Clusters. I. Analysis of Spectroscopy
Authors: Jørgensen Inger , Chiboucas Kristin , Berkson Emily , Smith Omega , Takamiya Marianne , Villaume Alexa
Published: November 2017

We present an analysis of stellar populations in passive galaxies in seven massive X-ray clusters at z = 0.19–0.89. Based on absorption-line strengths measured from our high signal-to-noise spectra, the data support primarily passive evolution of the galaxies. We use the scaling relations between velocity dispersions and the absorption-line strengths to determine representative mean line strengths for the clusters. From the age determinations based on the line strengths (and stellar population models), we find a formation redshift of

. Based on line strength measurements from high signal-to-noise composite spectra of our data, we establish the relations between velocity dispersions, ages, metallicities [M/H], and abundance ratios [α/Fe] as a function of redshift. The [M/H]–velocity dispersion and [α/Fe]–velocity dispersion relations are steep and tight. The age–velocity dispersion relation is flat, with zero-point changes reflecting passive evolution. The scatter in all three parameters is within 0.08–0.15 dex at fixed velocity dispersions, indicating a large degree of synchronization in the evolution of the galaxies. We find an indication of cluster-to-cluster differences in metallicities and abundance ratios. However, variations in stellar populations with the cluster environment can only account for a very small fraction of the intrinsic scatter in the scaling relations. Thus, within these very massive clusters, the main driver of the properties of the stellar populations in passive galaxies appears to be the galaxy velocity dispersion.
New Identifications of the CCH Radical in Planetary Nebulae: A Connection to C60?
Authors: Schmidt D. R. , Ziurys L. M.
Published: November 2017

New detections of CCH have been made toward nine planetary nebulae (PNe), including K4–47, K3–58, K3–17, M3–28, and M4–14. Measurements of the N = 1 → 0 and N = 3 → 2 transitions of this radical near 87 and 262 GHz were carried out using the new 12 m and the Sub-Millimeter Telescope (SMT) of the Arizona Radio Observatory (ARO). The presence of fine and/or hyperfine structure in the spectra aided in the identification. CCH was not observed in two PNe which are sources of C60. The planetary nebulae with positive detections represent a wide range of ages and morphologies, and all had previously been observed in HCN and HNC. Column densities for CCH in the PNe, determined from radiative transfer modeling, were N
tot(CCH) ∼ 0.2–3.3 × 1015 cm−2, corresponding to fractional abundances with respect to H2 of f ∼ 0.2–47 × 10−7. The abundance of CCH was found to not vary significantly with kinematic age across a time span of ∼10,000 years, in contrast to predictions of chemical models. CCH appears to be a fairly common constituent of PNe that are carbon-rich, and its distribution may anti-correlate with that of C60. These results suggest that CCH may be a product of C60 photodestruction, which is known to create C2 units. The molecule may subsequently survive the PN stage and populate diffuse clouds. The distinct, double-horned line profiles for CCH observed in K3–45 and M3–28 indicate the possible presence of a bipolar flow oriented at least partially toward the line of sight.
Electron-impact Multiple-ionization Cross Sections for Atoms and Ions of Helium through Zinc
Authors: Hahn M. , Müller A. , Savin D. W.
Published: November 2017

We compiled a set of electron-impact multiple-ionization (EIMI) cross section for astrophysically relevant ions. EIMIs can have a significant effect on the ionization balance of non-equilibrium plasmas. For example, it can be important if there is a rapid change in the electron temperature or if there is a non-thermal electron energy distribution, such as a kappa distribution. Cross section for EIMI are needed in order to account for these processes in plasma modeling and for spectroscopic interpretation. Here, we describe our comparison of proposed semiempirical formulae to available experimental EIMI cross-section data. Based on this comparison, we interpolated and extrapolated fitting parameters to systems that have not yet been measured. A tabulation of the fit parameters is provided for 3466 EIMI cross sections and the associated Maxwellian plasma rate coefficients. We also highlight some outstanding issues that remain to be resolved.
Secondary Interstellar Oxygen in the Heliosphere: Numerical Modeling and Comparison with IBEX-Lo Data
Authors: Baliukin I. I. , Izmodenov V. V. , Möbius E. , Alexashov D. B. , Katushkina O. A. , Kucharek H.
Published: November 2017

Quantitative analysis of the interstellar heavy (oxygen and neon) atom fluxes obtained by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) suggests the existence of the secondary interstellar oxygen component. This component is formed near the heliopause due to charge exchange of interstellar oxygen ions with hydrogen atoms, as was predicted theoretically. A detailed quantitative analysis of the fluxes of interstellar heavy atoms is only possible with a model that takes into account both the filtration of primary and the production of secondary interstellar oxygen in the boundary region of the heliosphere as well as a detailed simulation of the motion of interstellar atoms inside the heliosphere. This simulation must take into account photoionization, charge exchange with the protons of the solar wind and solar gravitational attraction. This paper presents the results of modeling interstellar oxygen and neon atoms through the heliospheric interface and inside the heliosphere based on a three-dimensional kinetic-MHD model of the solar wind interaction with the local interstellar medium and a comparison of these results with the data obtained on the IBEX spacecraft.
Tunneling Rate Constants for H2CO+H on Amorphous Solid Water Surfaces
Authors: Song Lei , Kästner Johannes
Published: November 2017

Formaldehyde (H2CO) is one of the most abundant molecules observed in the icy mantle covering interstellar grains. Studying its evolution can contribute to our understanding of the formation of complex organic molecules in various interstellar environments. In this work, we investigated the hydrogenation reactions of H2CO yielding CH3O, CH2OH, and the hydrogen abstraction resulting in H2+HCO on an amorphous solid water (ASW) surface using a quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) model. The binding energies of H2CO on the ASW surface vary broadly, from 1000 to 9370 K. No correlation was found between binding energies and activation energies of hydrogenation reactions. Combining instanton theory with QM/MM modeling, we calculated rate constants for the Langmuir–Hinshelwood and the Eley–Rideal mechanisms for the three product channels of H+H2CO surface reactions down to 59 K. We found that the channel producing CH2OH can be ignored, owing to its high activation barrier leading to significantly lower rates than the other two channels. The ASW surface influences the reactivity in favor of formation of CH3O (branching ratio ∼80%) and hinders the H2CO dissociation into H2+HCO. In addition, kinetic isotope effects are strong in all reaction channels and vary strongly between the channels. Finally, we provide fits of the rate constants to be used in astrochemical models.
Optical, Near-IR, and X-Ray Observations of SN 2015J and Its Host Galaxy*
Authors: Nucita A. A. , Paolis F. De , Saxton R. , Testa V. , Strafella F. , Read A. , Licchelli D. , Ingrosso G. , Convenga F. , Boutsia K.
Published: November 2017

SN 2015J was discovered on 2015 April 27th and is classified as an SN IIn. At first, it appeared to be an orphan SN candidate, i.e., without any clear identification of its host galaxy. Here, we present an analysis of the observations carried out by the VLT 8 m class telescope with the FORS2 camera in the R band and the Magellan telescope (6.5 m) equipped with the IMACS Short-Camera (V and I filters) and the FourStar camera (Ks filter). We show that SN 2015J resides in what appears to be a very compact galaxy, establishing a relation between the SN event and its natural host. We also present and discuss archival and new X-ray data centered on SN 2015J. At the time of the supernova explosion, Swift/XRT observations were made and a weak X-ray source was detected at the location of SN 2015J. Almost one year later, the same source was unambiguously identified during serendipitous observations by Swift/XRT and XMM-Newton, clearly showing an enhancement of the 0.3–10 keV band flux by a factor

with respect to the initial state. Swift/XRT observations show that the source is still active in the X-rays at a level of

counts s−1. The unabsorbed X-ray luminosity derived from the XMM-Newton slew and SWIFT observations,

erg s−1, places SN 2015J among the brightest young supernovae in X-rays.
Determination of Dark Matter Halo Mass from Dynamics of Satellite Galaxies
Authors: Li Zhao-Zhou , Jing Y. P. , Qian Yong-Zhong , Yuan Zhen , Zhao Dong-Hai
Published: November 2017

We show that the mass of a dark matter halo can be inferred from the dynamical status of its satellite galaxies. Using nine dark matter simulations of halos like the Milky Way (MW), we find that the present-day substructures in each halo follow a characteristic distribution in the phase space of orbital binding energy and angular momentum, and that this distribution is similar from halo to halo, but has an intrinsic dependence on the halo formation history. We construct this distribution directly from the simulations for a specific halo and extend the result to halos of similar formation history but different masses by scaling. The mass of an observed halo can then be estimated by maximizing the likelihood in comparing the measured kinematic parameters of its satellite galaxies with these distributions. We test the validity and accuracy of this method with mock samples taken from the simulations. Using the positions, radial velocities, and proper motions of nine tracers and assuming observational uncertainties comparable to those of MW satellite galaxies, we find that the halo mass can be recovered to within

. The accuracy can be improved to within ∼25% if 30 tracers are used. However, the dependence of the phase-space distribution on the halo formation history sets a minimum uncertainty of

that cannot be reduced by using more tracers. We believe that this minimum uncertainty also applies to any mass determination for a halo when the phase-space information of other kinematic tracers is used.
Numerical Simulations of Turbulent Molecular Clouds Regulated by Radiation Feedback Forces. II. Radiation–Gas Interactions and Outflows
Authors: Raskutti Sudhir , Ostriker Eve C. , Skinner M. Aaron
Published: November 2017

Momentum deposition by radiation pressure from young, massive stars may help to destroy molecular clouds and unbind stellar clusters by driving large-scale outflows. We extend our previous numerical radiation hydrodynamic study of turbulent star-forming clouds to analyze the detailed interaction between non-ionizing UV radiation and the cloud material. Our simulations trace the evolution of gas and star particles through self-gravitating collapse, star formation, and cloud destruction via radiation-driven outflows. These models are idealized in that we include only radiation feedback and adopt an isothermal equation of state. Turbulence creates a structure of dense filaments and large holes through which radiation escapes, such that only ∼50% of the radiation is (cumulatively) absorbed by the end of star formation. The surface density distribution of gas by mass as seen by the central cluster is roughly lognormal with

, similar to the externally projected surface density distribution. This allows low surface density regions to be driven outwards to nearly 10 times their initial escape speed

. Although the velocity distribution of outflows is broadened by the lognormal surface density distribution, the overall efficiency of momentum injection to the gas cloud is reduced because much of the radiation escapes. The mean outflow velocity is approximately twice the escape speed from the initial cloud radius. Our results are also informative for understanding galactic-scale wind driving by radiation, in particular, the relationship between velocity and surface density for individual outflow structures and the resulting velocity and mass distributions arising from turbulent sources.
Laboratory Experiments on the Low-temperature Formation of Carbonaceous Grains in the ISM
Authors: Fulvio Daniele , Góbi Sándor , Jäger Cornelia , Kereszturi Ákos , Henning Thomas
Published: November 2017

The life cycle of cosmic dust grains is far from being understood and the origin and evolution of interstellar medium (ISM) grains is still under debate. In the ISM, the cosmic dust destruction rate is faster than the production rate by stellar sources. However, observations of ISM refractory matter suggest that to maintain a steady amount of cosmic grains, some supplementary production mechanism takes place. In this context, we aimed to study possible reformation mechanisms of cosmic grains taking place at low temperature directly in the ISM. The low-temperature condensation of carbonaceous materials has been investigated in experiments mimicking the ISM conditions. Gas-phase carbonaceous precursors created by laser ablation of graphite were forced to accrete on cold substrates (T ≈ 10 K) representing surviving dust grains. The growing and evolution of the condensing carbonaceous precursors have been monitored by MIR and UV spectroscopy under a number of experimental scenarios. For the first time, the possibility to form ISM carbonaceous grains in situ is demonstrated. The condensation process is governed by carbon chains that first condense into small carbon clusters and finally into more stable carbonaceous materials, of which structural characteristics are comparable to the material formed in gas-phase condensation experiments at very high temperature. We also show that the so-formed fullerene-like carbonaceous material is transformed into a more ordered material under VUV processing. The cold condensation mechanisms discussed here can give fundamental clues to fully understand the balance between the timescale for dust injection, destruction, and reformation in the ISM.
Impact of Massive Neutrinos and Dark Radiation on the High-redshift Cosmic Web. I. Lyα Forest Observables
Authors: Rossi Graziano
Published: November 2017

With upcoming high-quality data from surveys such as the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey or the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, improving the theoretical modeling and gaining a deeper understanding of the effects of neutrinos and dark radiation on structure formation at small scales are necessary, to obtain robust constraints free from systematic biases. Using a novel suite of hydrodynamical simulations that incorporate dark matter, baryons, massive neutrinos, and dark radiation, we present a detailed study of their impact on Lyα forest observables. In particular, we accurately measure the tomographic evolution of the shape and amplitude of the small-scale matter and flux power spectra and search for unique signatures along with preferred scales where a neutrino mass detection may be feasible. We then investigate the thermal state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) through the temperature–density relation. Our findings suggest that at

the suppression on the matter power spectrum induced by

neutrinos can reach

at

when compared to a massless neutrino cosmology, and

if a massless sterile neutrino is included; surprisingly, we also find good agreement (

) with some analytic predictions. For the 1D flux power spectrum

, the highest response to free-streaming effects is achieved at

when

this k-limit falls in the Lyα forest regime, making the small-scale

an excellent probe for detecting neutrino and dark radiation imprints. Our results indicate that the IGM at

provides the best sensitivity to active and sterile neutrinos.
Survival of Advanced Stage High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Patients in the Republic of Macedonia
Authors: Aluloski Igor , Tanturovski Mile
Published: November 2017

AIM: The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the overall survival of women with advanced stage (Stage IIIA-IV) high-grade serous ovarian cancer in MacedoniaMATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional medical record review of patients diagnosed with advanced stage HGSC. Patients were deemed eligible for inclusion if they were diagnosed with an advanced stage (Stage IIIA-IV) HGSC of the ovary, fallopian tube or peritoneum between 2009 and 2015.  The data were analyzed in a descriptive fashion and summary statistics were provided, as appropriate. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.RESULTS: A total of 81 eligible patients were identified and included in the study. The average overall survival in the studied cohort was 46.59 months (95%CI = 39.11-54.06). Patients that were optimally debulked and patients that had a platinum-free interval larger than 12 months had significantly longer survival in the current series (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION: the average overall survival of advanced stage HGSC patients in the studied series was 46.59 months (95%CI = 39.11-54.06). Patients aged 65 years or younger tended to live approximately ten months longer than patients older than 65 years, but this difference was not statistically significant. There was no difference in HGSC survival in the groups of patients with grade 2 and grade 3 disease. However, optimal surgical debulking and platinum sensitivity were associated with significantly better overall survival.
First observations on the life cycle and mass eclosion events in a mantis fly (Family Mantispidae) in the subfamily Drepanicinae
Authors: Dorey James , Merritt David
Published: November 2017

The Mantispidae are a distinctive group of Neuroptera known for the adults’ possession of raptorial forelegs. There are four recognised, extant subfamilies of Mantispidae: the Mantispinae, Symphrasinae, Calomantispinae and Drepanicinae. The life history and larval behaviour of the subfamily Mantispinae is best known: the immatures are spider egg predators. Among the three remaining subfamilies, larval Symphrasinae and Calomantispinae most likely predate on other small arthropods, while the immature life history of Drepanicinae, until now, remained completely unknown.

Here we provide observations of annual, near-synchronised, mass emergences of adults of the drepanicine, Ditaxis biseriata (Westwood), within a well-established Macadamia orchard in northern New South Wales, Australia. A female deposited fertile eggs, allowing this first report of egg batch and first instar morphology. The mass emergence of mobile pharate adults from the ground was observed in the same month in two consecutive years. The pharates climbed tree-trunks for a distance before undergoing eclosion. The newly-hatched first instar larvae are campodeiform and prognathous; a typical morphology among Mantispidae. After hatching, they drop to the ground and burrow into soil. They are unpigmented and appear to lack stemmata. Together, the observations infer that the immature component of the life cycle takes place underground in forested habitats. If this feature is common among the Drepanicinae, it might explain why so little is known of the biology of the immature stages.
Terminologie et terminographie linguistiques : problèmes de définition et de calibrage
Authors: Swiggers Pierre
Published: November 2017

Résumé Cet article présente un cadre de réflexion articulé autour du problème de la terminologie et de la terminographie linguistiques. Après avoir défini les notions de base ( terminologie , vocabulaire , métalangage et métasémiotique ) et après avoir identifié les contraintes méthodiques, l’auteur passe en revue les aspects problématiques qui affectent la question de la définition des termes. La dernière partie est consacrée au calibrage de termes techniques, problème qui est traité du point de vue historiographique, méthodologique et épistémologique.
Quelques réflexions sur le traitement terminographique unilingue de la métalangue grammaticale en français
Authors: Lerat Pierre
Published: November 2017

Résumé Les termes sont ordinairement des dénominations d’objets ontologiques. Du fait du caractère métalinguistique de la terminologie grammaticale, les entités grammaticales ne sont pas des entités de sens commun, mais des conceptualisations spécifiques. La métalangue grammaticale dans une langue inclut des idiotismes (fr.  présentatif ), des universaux (fr.  terme d’adresse ), des faux amis (fr.  gérondif ) et des emprunts (fr.  masdar ). La terminographie de la grammaire a besoin de définitions, d’exemples canoniques, de termes associés et de sources philologiques, car sa validation n’est pas seulement épistémologique mais aussi sociale (universitaire, administrative, éditoriale).
Sur quelques emplois de la préposition to en co-texte nominal
Authors: Guimier Claude
Published: November 2017

Résumé Cet article prend en compte un certain nombre d’emplois de la préposition to dans des configurations du type GN1 to GN2 . Dans la plupart de ces configurations, to alterne avec of , sans que cela entraîne nécessairement des variations marquées au niveau sémantique. L’examen de contextes privilégiés montre néanmoins le rôle spécial de to  : cette préposition, virtualisante par nature, souligne le caractère non stabilisé du lien entre GN1 et GN2, à moins qu’elle ne soit plus spécialement orientée vers GN2, auquel cas c’est ce constituant qui est marqué comme non stabilisé.
Let alone est-il un « connecteur argumentatif » ?
Authors: Roussel Emmanuelle
Published: November 2017

Résumé Le connecteur let alone déclenche un mouvement à la fois syntaxique, sémantique et pragmatique préfigurant l’interprétation que pourra avoir le co-énonciateur de la relation posée par l’énonciateur entre deux segments. En outre, en introduisant P 2 , let alone va expliciter le sens attaché par l’énonciateur à P 1 .
Les « pseudo-adverbes » concessifs neporuec , neporquant , nequedent et l’adverbe toute(s)voie(s ) en ancien français
Authors: Bougy Catherine
Published: November 2017

Résumé Très vivants en ancien français, les morphèmes neporuec , neporquant , nequedent et toutevoie(s) , tous traduits par « pourtant, cependant, toutefois », s’analysent différemment. Les « pseudos-adverbes » à ne initial, qui ne provoquent pas la postposition du sujet au verbe (contrairement à ce qui se produit pour les adverbes en ancien français) s’analysent comme la négation ne (« non ») +  por huec ou por quant  : « non, pas pour cela » et ne +  que dent ( quid de inde ) : « non, rien de cela ». Ils constituent une phrase en eux-mêmes et permettent de porter un jugement sur le lien qui existe entre l’énoncé qui précède et celui qui suit : ils indiquent qu’il n’y a aucun rapport logique entre ces deux énoncés. Toutevoie(s ), qui prolonge le latin tota via « sur tout le chemin », est un véritable adverbe. Il a originellement exprimé la concomitance de deux procès, sans que l’un exclue l’autre. Dans certains contextes cependant, où les deux procès présentaient une opposition sémantique, toutevoie(s) s’est chargé d’un sémantisme clairement concessif. À partir du XIII e  siècle, il a coexisté avec toutefois . Cet adverbe, inséré dans un paradigme morphologique fourni, s’est aisément substitué à toutevoies dont il est proche phonétiquement, ce d’autant plus que tout , employé seul, a, en ancien français, une valeur concessive que les locuteurs retrouvaient dans toutefois . À partir du XVI e  siècle, les « pseudo-adverbes » et l’adverbe toutevoies ont disparu, au profit de toutefois qui a désormais une valeur concessive bien affirmée.
Concessives sans conjonction de subordination (à l’exception de wenn ) : syntagmes intégrés, connectés ou simplement juxtaposés. Le cas de l’allemand
Authors: Krause Maxi
Published: November 2017

Résumé La présentation qui suit essaie de tracer de manière succincte les différents niveaux d’intégration ou de non intégration syntaxique des structures concessives (symbolisées par « C ») sans conjonction dans les structures non concessives (symbolisées par « NON-C ») auxquelles, sur le plan du sens, elles sont associées. L’intégration ou non intégration va de pair avec des structures spécifiques des C et la coopération d’éléments variés (essentiellement lexicaux et syntaxiques) qui, pris isolément, ne véhiculent en général aucune valeur concessive. C’est le fait de cette coopération nécessaire ainsi que des difficultés de décodage de ces structures qui justifie le choix ici opéré. La présentation essaie d’être accessible aux non germanistes, mais elle essaie aussi de donner une information condensée et immédiatement utilisable à ceux qui essaient de s’approprier la maîtrise de l’allemand. La délimitation entre concession et simple opposition n’est pas toujours aisée à faire et ressemble souvent à une lente transition de l’une vers l’autre, mais pour des raisons de format elle ne constitue pas un point de discussion de ce qui suit.
De l’occurrence à l’isotopie
Authors: Mayaffre Damon
Published: November 2017

Résumé Cette contribution cherche à définir la co-occurrence comme une forme minimale du co(n)texte  ; co(n)texte nécessaire à l’élaboration du sens et condition de l’interprétation. Constater que a et b sont co-occurrents n’est rien d’autre que contextualiser l’un par l’autre. Ainsi, nous montrons que l’enjeu du calcul des co-occurrences est essentiel pour la lexicométrie : c’est lui qui, par la contextualisation des formes qu’il propose, fait de la lexicométrie une pratique lexicologique ( versus lexicographique) et herméneutique (versus logico-formelle).
Paradoxes du multilinguisme
Authors: Slodzian Monique
Published: November 2017

Résumé L’article porte sur les ambiguïtés de la notion de multilinguisme devenue centrale dans les technologies du Web et de ses usages. Lorsqu’il est conçu comme un obstacle à la communication, le multilinguisme assume une conception instrumentale des langues, présupposant une interface conceptuelle entre les langues, qui débouche sur l’interlinguisme. À l’opposé, conçu dans un cadre interprétatif, non fonctionnaliste, le multilinguisme est envisagé comme translinguisme, prenant en charge les changements induits par le passage d’un texte produit dans une langue / culture vers une autre langue / culture. Cette opposition sera illustrée et analysée dans le cadre de la traductologie. Les conclusions serviront à éclairer la problématique des corpus parallèles et des corpus comparables.
El registro sedimentario de la Cuenca del Bajo Segura (SE España) a través del análisis de correspondencia: implicaciones paleoambientales
Authors: Corbí H.
Published: November 2017

Se ha analizado el registro sedimentario Messiniense y Plioceno de la Cuenca del Bajo Segura a través del análisis multivariante de correspondencia sin tendencia (DCA). Los resultados obtenidos permiten examinar de forma integral y sintética los ambientes sedimentarios y sintemas representados, atendiendo a la distribución de foraminíferos bentónicos y planctónicos (grupos ecológicos) registrados en seis secciones representativas de la cuenca, tres en el borde norte (Colmenar, Torrellano y Elche), y otras tres en el borde sur (Garruchal, La Pedrera y El Canal). Del análisis estadístico, contrastado con las fuentes bibliográficas disponibles, se puede concluir que: a) el sector sur presenta en comparación con el sector norte, una mayor diversidad de ambientes marinos; y b) los tres sintemas analizados presentan unas características propias, en términos de variedad y representación de los ambientes sedimentarios registrados.
La investigación radiofónica española desde la perspectiva de su comunidad científica. Características, percepciones y valoraciones
Authors: Piñeiro Otero Teresa
Published: November 2017

El interés por la investigación ha dado lugar a un relevante y especializado corpus de estudios. En esta línea el presente trabajo tiene por objeto conocer la situación de los radio studies desde la perspectiva de su comunidad científica; un enfoque innovador en el marco de la meta-investigación comunicativa. Partiendo de una encuesta se profundizó en la entidad, temáticas y calidad de la investigación radiofónica de 31 de los principales autores con contribuciones sobre la materia en revistas académicas (1980-2013) así como en sus percepciones y valoraciones sobre dicha investigación en España. El estudio permitió constatar el carácter minoritario e individual de la investigación radiofónica que los autores atribuyen al limitado apoyo de instituciones académicas e investigadoras. En cualquier caso la radio presenta una importante entidad, calidad y arraigo en la trayectoria de su comunidad científica aunque su temática y enfoques son permeables al contexto en el que se desarrollan.
Revistas Iberoamericanas de Educación en SciELO Citation Index y Emerging Source Citation Index
Authors: Repiso Rafael , Jiménez-Contreras Evaristo , Aguaded Ignacio
Published: November 2017

El presente trabajo es un análisis de las revistas de Educación iberoamericanas en SciELO Citation Index y Emerging Source Citation Index, dos de los nuevos productos incorporados a Web of Science. Para ello se analizan las revistas de Educación iberoamericanas presentes en estos productos, por separado y conjuntamente. Se compara su cobertura con otras bases de datos externas referentes (Scopus, Redalyc, Google Scholar Metrics and, Social Sciences Citation Index) así como la presencia de las revistas estudiadas en otras bases de datos. Igualmente se analizan características de las revistas como la representatividad por países, la tipología editorial, periodicidad de las cabeceras, antigüedad y la producción medida en artículos. En definitiva, Web of Science demuestra cubrir mejor el área de Educación Iberoamericana que su rival Scopus.
An Intelligent Walking Stick for the Visually-Impaired People
Authors: Nowshin Nadia , Shadman Sakib , Shadman Sakib , Joy Saha , Joy Saha , Aninda Sarker , Aninda Sarker , Minhajul Islam Md , Minhajul Islam Md
Published: November 2017

Blind stick or white cane is introduced to blind people after the First World War as a mobility tool to detect the obstacles in the path of the user. This paper proposes an Arduino Nano based obstacle finding stick for visually-impaired people, which helps a blind person by detecting the obstacles using Ultrasonic sensors and android mobile application. It is able to inform the blind person about the circumstances & present condition of the path where he/she is walking. The main objective of this paper is to help a blind people to move more freely by using a reliable stick. The device consists of arduino nano, HC SR-04 ultrasonic sensor, HC-05 Bluetooth module, push buttons, 100nF ceramic capacitors and a 9V battery as the power source. And the android app is developed using MIT App Inventor 2.
Smart Sensor Network based Industrial Parameters Monitoring in IOT Environment using Virtual Instrumentation Server
Authors: Telagam Nagarjuna , Kandasamy Nehru , Nanjundan Menakadevi , TS Arulanandth
Published: November 2017

A remote monitoring and control are one of the most important criteria for maximizing the production in any industry. With the development of modern industry the requirement for industrial monitoring system is getting higher. This project explains the real time scenario of monitoring temperature and humidity in industries. National Instruments my RIO is used and results are observed on Lab VIEW and VI Server. The server VI program and client VI program is developed in block diagram for the two sensor data. This proposed system develops a sensor interface device essential for sensor data acquisition of industrial Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) in Internet of Things (IOT) environment. By detecting the values of sensors like temperature, humidity present in the industrial area. The results are displayed on the web page. The data can be accessed with admin name and password. After logging into the web page the index of files is displayed. After restarting the mine RIO kit and initiate the deploying process the nations will display log.csv file. By double clicking the file the excel sheet will appear on the computer. This VI server is tested for its working, using a data acquisition web application using a standard web browser. The critical situation can be avoided and preventive measures are successfully implemented.
Wireless Sensor Traffic Information Collection System Based on Congestion Control Algorithm
Authors: Sun Hongfeng
Published: November 2017

In order to develop a fast and convenient traffic information collection system, the wireless sensor traffic information collection system based on congestion control algorithm is designed. This new system reduces the operation and maintenance costs and improves the efficiency of traffic information collection. By analyzing the wireless sensor network, the application of wireless sensor network in intelligent traffic information collection system is discussed. In addition, the design scheme of traffic information collection system is designed. After analyzing the size of the network in the scheme, the congestion problem in the scheme is discussed finally. The simulation results show that the node communication radius is 50 m when the simulation scene is located in the monitoring area, while the MAC protocol is 802.11 DCF and the initial energy of all nodes is 1 J. Based on the above finding, it is concluded that the congestion control algorithm has better throughput, network delay and network energy consumption, which is suitable for the wireless sensor traffic information collection system.
A Symmetric Cryptography Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Network Security
Authors: Li Juan
Published: November 2017

In order to study the symmetric cryptography algorithm, which plays an essential role in ensuring the information security, AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) basic theory is discussed, and AES protocol processor for a small area based on wireless sensor network is designed. In addition, an iterative encryption and decryption AES structure is designed to achieve the non-linear transformation. And then, the wireless sensor network security is analyzed, and the results showed that in the process of encryption and decryption, making use of multiplexing and sharing technologies can help to obtain a low cost compact structure. And more importantly, it has great advantages in the resources compared with the same kind of designed structures. Based on the above findings, it is concluded that AES algorithm has good performances in wireless sensor networks and it can be widely applied.
La circulation migratoire des mineurs dits « non accompagnés » entre le Sénégal et l’Espagne
Authors: Senovilla Hernández Daniel , Cissé Elh Ousmane
Published: November 2017

L’idée d’écrire un article commun sur la circulation migratoire des mineurs sénégalais vers l’Espagne a émergé à la suite d’une réflexion collective des doctorants de Migrinter sur les mobilités en Afrique de l’Ouest. A cette occasion, la question des mineurs nous est apparue particulièrement pertinente à partir de la prise en compte des stratégies déployées aussi bien au niveau du pays de départ que de celui d’arrivée.
Carbon Nanofibers Grown In Situ on Porous Glass
Authors: Mazo M. Alejandra , Sanguino Javier , Tamayo Aitana , Rubio Juan
Published: November 2017

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were grown in situ on porous glass at different temperatures and times using a Ni acetate catalyst and CH4/N2 as a carbon source. The porous glass was obtained by acid leaching of phase separated borosilicate glass, which generates a broad size distribution of mesopores (≈20 nm). Subsequent impregnation with Ni acetate reduces the pore size to ≈ 4 nm but also creates new micropores, thus increasing the surface area. During thermal treatment the surface area decreases as temperature rises, mainly due to shrinkage of the glassy matrix; however new pores are created at ≈ 70 nm (mainly at 600 oC) associated to the generation of CNFs on the glass surface, indicating this temperature offers the best conditions. The CNFs grow inside and fill in the micro-mesopores in the porous glass. They do not grow at 500 oC as the Ni acetate is not transformed into metallic Ni. Ni deactivation occurs at temperatures over 700 oC, thus reducing the formation of CNFs. At 1000 oC the degradation of CH4 leads to a thickening of the CNFs. The thermal degradation of the CNFs occurs in two steps, the first (360-416oC) corresponding to CNFs grown on the glass surface and the second (518-649oC) to CNFs grown inside the glass pores. Treatment times over 2 h lead to the deactivation of Ni, pore shrinkage and hence lower CNF yields.
Effect of Synthesis Temperature on Particles Size and Morphology of Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticle
Authors: Sigwadi Rudzani A. , Dhlamini Mokhotjwa Simon , Mokrani Touhami , Nonjola Patrick
Published: November 2017

The paper presents the synthesis and investigation of zirconium oxide (ZrO2) nanoparticles that were synthesised by precipitation method with the effects of the temperatures of reaction on the particles size, morphology, crystallite sizes and stability at high temperature. The reaction temperature effect on the particle size, morphology, crystallite sizes and stabilized a higher temperature (tetragonal and cubic) phases was studied. Thermal decomposition, band structure and functional groups were analyzed by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The crystal structure was determined using X-ray diffraction. The morphology and the particle size were studied using (SEM) and (TEM). The shaped particles were confirmed through the SEM analysis. The transmission electron microscopic analysis confirmed the formation of the nanoparticles with the particle size. The FT-IR spectra showed the strong presence of ZrO2 nanoparticles.
Granzyme A in Human Platelets Regulates the Synthesis of Proinflammatory Cytokines by Monocytes in Aging
Authors: Campbell Robert A. , Franks Zechariah , Bhatnagar Anish , Rowley Jesse W. , Manne Bhanu K. , Supiano Mark A. , Schwertz Hansjorg , Weyrich Andrew S. , Rondina Matthew T.
Published: November 2017

Dysregulated inflammation is implicated in the pathobiology of aging, yet platelet–leukocyte interactions and downstream cytokine synthesis in aging remains poorly understood. Platelets and monocytes were isolated from healthy younger (age <45, n = 37) and older (age ≥65, n = 30) adults and incubated together under autologous and nonautologous conditions. Synthesis of inflammatory cytokines by monocytes, alone or in the presence of platelets, was examined. Next-generation RNA-sequencing allowed for unbiased profiling of the platelet transcriptome in aging. Basal IL-8 and MCP-1 synthesis by monocytes alone did not differ between older and younger adults. However, in the presence of autologous platelets, monocytes from older adults synthesized greater IL-8 (41 ± 5 versus 9 ± 2 ng/ml, p < 0.0001) and MCP-1 (867 ± 150 versus 216 ± 36 ng/ml, p < 0.0001) than younger adults. Platelets from older adults were sufficient for upregulating the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines by monocytes. Using RNA-sequencing of platelets followed by validation via RT-PCR and immunoblot, we discovered that granzyme A (GrmA), a serine protease not previously identified in human platelets, increases with aging (∼9-fold versus younger adults, p < 0.05) and governs increased IL-8 and MCP-1 synthesis through TLR4 and caspase-1. Inhibiting GrmA reduced excessive IL-8 and MCP-1 synthesis in aging to levels similar to younger adults. In summary, human aging is associated with changes in the platelet transcriptome and proteome. GrmA is present and bioactive in human platelets, is higher in older adults, and controls the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines by monocytes. Alterations in the platelet molecular signature and signaling to monocytes may contribute to dysregulated inflammatory syndromes in older adults.