bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
L’adoption silencieuse
Authors: Cornalba Vincent
Published: February 2017

L’adoption silencieuse relève d’un contrat à plusieurs acteurs : l’enfant placé, l’assistante familiale, l’institution et les parents. L’origine de cette adoption se fonde, d’une part, sur un besoin pour l’enfant de mettre à distance le sentiment de culpabilité à l’égard d’un meurtre parental qu’il pense avoir agi et, d’autre part, sur un effet de résonance qui réactualise une blessure mal ou non élaborée chez l’adulte. La dimension narcissique y est prévalente.
Adopter une nouvelle langue : Aharon Appelfeld et l’hébreu
Authors: Mock Keren
Published: February 2017

Le cas singulier de l’hébreu illustre l’itinéraire de l’adoption d’une langue à la fois ancienne et nouvelle au XIX e siècle. Quels processus intrapsychiques sous-tendent l’adoption de cette nouvelle langue qui deviendra une langue maternelle ? Entre désirs d’oubli et de reconstruction, placé sous le signe d’impromptues réminiscences du passé, ce processus d’adoption et de subjectivation est le témoignage d’une nouvelle filiation psychique telle que la relate l’écrivain israélien Aharon Appelfeld.
Yellow-Billed Loon Subsistence Harvest in Alaska: Challenges in Harvest Assessment of a Conservation Concern Species
Authors: Naves Liliana C. , Zeller Tamara K.
Published: February 2017

The yellow-billed loon Gavia adamsii was designated as a candidate species for listing as threatened or endangered under the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 2009. Subsistence harvest was identified as a threat based on the 2007 harvest estimate for the Bering Strait region of Alaska. This estimate was unusually high and inconsistent with data on the species' abundance and distribution. We conducted this study in 2011–2012 on St. Lawrence Island, in the Bering Sea, to fulfill data needs related to this Endangered Species Act listing process. Our objectives were to clarify 1) loon species harvested, 2) numbers of loons harvested, and 3) loon harvest methods and uses by local subsistence communities. We conducted harvest surveys, ethnographic research, and shore-based bird counts. Loons were <1% of all bird harvest. Pacific loons Gavia pacifica were 96% of observed loons and likely comprised the majority of loons harvested. Local ethnotaxonomy grouped loons by size (large or small) and overall plumage (breeding or nonbreeding), differing from scientific taxonomy. We found no evidence that loon migratory aggregations occurred near St. Lawrence Island or that intense harvest effort targeted loons. We estimated that five yellow-billed loons were harvested annually in 2011 and 2012. Hatch-year loons were likely at least half of the loon harvest, lessening effects of harvest on loon populations. Our study exemplifies the importance of using multidisciplinary approaches and engaging subsistence users to improve harvest assessment and inform wildlife conservation policy.
A Systematic Review on Author Identification Methods
Authors: Kale Sunil Digamberrao , Prasad Rajesh Shardanand
Published: February 2017

Author Identification is a technique for identifying author of anonymous text. It has near about 130 year's long history, started with the work by Mendenhall 1987. Applications of Author identification include plagiarism detection, detecting anonymous author, in forensics and so on. In this paper the authors outline features used for Author identification like vocabulary, syntactic and others. Researchers worked on various methods for Author identification they also outline this paper on types of Author Identification methods that include 1. Profile-based Approaches which includes Probabilistic Models, Compression Models, Common n-Grams (CNG) approach, 2. Instance-based Approaches which includes Vector Space Models, Similarity-based Models, Meta-learning Models and 3. Hybrid Approaches. At the end the authors conclude this paper with observations and future scope.
Tradeoffs Between Forensics and Anti-Forensics of Digital Images
Authors: Shelke Priya Makarand , Prasad Rajesh Shardanand
Published: February 2017

Over past few years, we are the spectators of the evolution in the field of information technology, telecommunication and networking. Due to the advancement of smart phones, easy and inexpensive access to the internet and popularity of social networking, capture and use of digital images has increased drastically. Image processing techniques are getting developed at rapidly and at the same time easy to use image tampering soft-wares are also getting readily available. If tampered images are misused, big troubles having deep moral, ethical and lawful allegations may arise. Due to high potential of visual media and the ease in their capture, distribution and storage, we rarely find a field where digital visual data is not used. The value of image as evidence of event must be carefully assessed and it is a call for from different fields of applications. Therefore, in this age of fantasy, image authentication has become an issue of utmost importance.
Effect of Pulse Frequency on the Deposition of Cu-Fe Alloy via Pulsed Current Electrodeposition Method
Authors: Setiawan Asep Ridwan , Ramelan Aditianto , Nuruddin Ahmad , Hasanah Indah Uswatun
Published: February 2017

In an attempt to reduce the oxidation and Cr evaporation rates of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) interconnect, Cu-Fe coating was developed on the AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel substrate by a pulsed current electrodeposition method. Effects of pulse frequency on properties and performance of the fabricated coating were investigated. Results show that Cu-Fe alloy was sucessfully fabricated using pulse deposition methods. The variation of pulsed frequency during pulse current deposition strongly influence the coating morphology and its composition. The increase of pulse frequency tend to increase the Cu-Fe grain size. Moreover, the amount of Cu particles decreases with the increase of pulse frequency.
Fabrication of (MnxCo1-x)3O4 Coated Stainless Steel AISI 430 by Electrodeposition with AC+DC Signals
Authors: Wiman Panya , Thublaor Thammaporn , Witthayarungruengsri Opat , Siripongsakul Thamrongsin
Published: February 2017

A ferritic stainless steel (FSS) AISI 430 coated by (MnxCo1-x)3O4 spinel has been intensively studied for its potential in application as an interconnect of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). In this study, in order to develop fabrication of (MnxCo1-x)3O4 coatings, Mn-Co coatings on AISI 430 by an electrodeposition technique was adopted. The electric direct current (DC) and alternative current (AC) modulated DC (AC+DC) signals were utilized to drive voltage levels for electrodeposition. By varying the duty of the AC+DC signals from 25 % to 50 %, the ratio of Mn and Co composition in the coating changed, consequently by this technique it is possible to adjust the composition of binary alloy coating. The fabricated coatings also exhibited different morphologies indicating nucleation and grain growth process of various oxide scales of Mn-Co. The oxidation behavior is also investigated to evaluate the quality of the coatings.
NIR Luminescence and Spectroscopic Studies of Nd3+ Doped Lutetium Calcium Silico Borate Glasses
Authors: Kirdsiri Keerati , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: February 2017

Lutetuim calcium silico borates (LuCaSiB) glasses doped with Nd3+ ions with molar composition of Lu2O3-CaO-SiO2-B2O3-Nd2O3 have been prepared by conventional melt quenching technique. Their properties have been evaluated throughout the density, refractive index, absorption and emission measurements. The density, molar volume and refractive index increase with increasing Nd2O3 concentration. The optical absorption spectra show twelve bands in visible and near infrared regions. The luminescence spectra exhibit three emission bands were observed at 900, 1072 and 1341 nm corresponding to 4F3/2 → 4I9/2, 4I11/2 and 4I13/2 transition respectively.
Self-Healing Behavior of Y2SiO5 Toughened by SiC Particles
Authors: Dinh Vu Huy , Nanko Makoto
Published: February 2017

Crack-healing effectiveness of Y2SiO5-based composites dispersed with 5 vol% SiC particles was investigated. Dense specimens of 5 vol% SiC/Y2SiO5 were fabricated by pulsed electric current sintering technique. Surface cracks were introduced by using a Vickers indenter to be a crack length of approximately 200 μm. Self-healing performance of SiC/Y2SiO5 composites via high-temperature oxidation in air was studied as a function of heat treatment temperature. As a result, surface cracks disappeared perfectly after heat treatment at 1300°C for 6 h in air.
Synthesis of Modified K0.5Na0.5NbO3  Powder by Molten-Salt Technique
Authors: Phatungthane Thanatep , Samran Buagun , Rujijanagul Gobwute
Published: February 2017

In the present work, the molten-salt method was applied to synthesize 0.948K0.5Na0.5NbO3–0.052LiSbO3 powder for the first time. Characteristics of the powder were investigated. Based on X-ray diffraction technique, pure perovskite phase was observed at a calcination temperature of 700 oC which is lower than that required by the conventional solid-state reaction technique for ∼200 oC. Raman spectroscopy technique showed that the powder had an orthorhombic symmetry which consistent with the X-ray diffraction results. The powder exhibited very fine grain with narrow size distribution. Particle size of the obtained powders increased with increasing calcination temperature. Therefore, the molten-salt method is a simple and effective method to synthesize 0.948K0.5Na0.5NbO3 – 0.052LiSbO3 powder.
Effect of Dealloying Conditions on Nanoporous Surface of Cu-Zn Alloy
Authors: Boonsa Parinya , Kamsawat Jitti , Rattanasakulthong Watcharee , Rodchanarowan Aphichart
Published: February 2017

This research aims to develop a porous layer surface using two steps: the radio frequency (R.F.) sputtering and dealloying. The glass substrate was firstly coated with Cu-Zn using the R.F. sputtering method. Then nano-porous layer surface is produced by dealloying-corrosion to dissolve unwanted element (Zn) from the base metal (Cu). The characterization techniques are scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) for topographical analysis, X-ray fluorescent (XRF) for chemical analysis, and potentiostat for electrochemical measurement. It was found that the coated specimens obtained by R.F. sputtering are uniformly distributed by Cu-Zn alloys on the substrate’s surface. In addition, after dealloying, it was found that the diameter of the ligament size and pore size are in the nano-scale over the substrate’s surface.
Synthesis of Aluminum-Doped TiO2 Nanotubes by Anodization Method
Authors: Samran Buagun , Phatungthane Thanatep , Timah Emmanuel Nyambod , Tipparach Udom
Published: February 2017

We report the synthesis of Al-doped TiO2 nanotubes (Al-TNT) by DC anodization method at 50 volts. The method is simple, cost effective, environmentally safe and the samples produced are of good quality. The electrolytesolution was composed of ethylene glycol (EG), ammonium fluoride (0.3% wt NH4F), deionized water (2% vol H2O) and varying molar masses of aluminum nitrate - Al (NO3)3. The samples were analyzed XRD before and after annealing at 450 °C for 2 hours. The surface morphology and the elemental analysis of the annealed samples were characterized by SEM and ED-XRF respectively. The results show that phase transformation only occur after annealing. And that the surface organization, uniformity and structure are influenced by the concentration of the dopant element.
Mechanical, Thermal and Photocatalytic Properties of Hybrid TiO2/PET Fiber Composite
Authors: Metanawin Siripan , Oney Sureerak , Chaichalermvong Tirapong , Metanawin Tanapak
Published: February 2017

This study investigates the effects of the hybrid TiO2 polymerin PET fiber on the mechanical properties, thermal properties, and self-cleaning properties. The results showed that the tensile strength of the hybrid TiO2/PET composite fibers decreased with the increasing contents of TiO2 in polymer matrix. The contents of TiO2 in the composite fibers had no impact on the thermal properties of the fibers, but the %Crystalline of the composite fibers increased with the contents of TiO2 in the composite fibers. The photocatalytic characteristics of the composite fibers were studied through self-cleaning properties. The presence of contents of hybrid TiO2 in the PET fiber significantly showed the improvement of the self-cleaning properties under UV-A radiation. The hybrid TiO2/PET fibers in the presence of TiO2 10wt% showed the best results of self-cleaning under the 24 hours of UV radiation exposure period.
Surface Modification of Sisal Fibres by Ultrasonic Field
Authors: Pipathattakul Manop , Prayoon Surin , Wongon Jessada
Published: February 2017

This article demonstrates the surface modification of sisal fibres by using NaOH in an ultrasonic medium. The fibres were soaked in 1.0 M NaOH, 60°C for 30, 60, and 90 min, respectively. The fibre surface was examined with a digital microscope camera and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). An elasticity test was used to examine the mechanical properties of composites, specifically between sisal and LLDPE. The results demonstrated the modification of the sisal fibres in NaOH solution by ultrasound producing a cleaner and smoother fibre surface. This was affected by a cavitation phenomenon, which produced high-speed impact jets that cleaned off the dirty particles from the fibre surface. The modified mixed materials had higher ultimate tensile strength. By using this method, the result of sisal fibre modification decreased in the diameter strand of the experimented fibres.
Characterization of Epoxidized Rubber Seed Oil
Authors: Kantee Jutamas , Kajorncheappunngam Somjai
Published: February 2017

Epoxidation of rubber seed oil was carried out using a peroxyacid generated in situ from glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to produce epoxidized rubber seed oil. The maximum relative conversion to oxirane of 88 % could be obtained at 60 °C after a reaction time of 7 hours. The presence of oxirane ring of epoxidized rubber seed oil was confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectra analysis which displayed a disappearance of double bonds peak in rubber seed oil and an existing of epoxide ring peak in epoxidized rubber seed oil.
Effect of Process Parameters on Characteristics of Spray-Dried Hydroxyapatite Granules
Authors: Sukaraseranee Weeranuch , Watcharamaisakul Sukasem , Golman Boris , Suwanprateeb Jintamai
Published: February 2017

The effects of drying air temperature and flow rate, spraying air flow rate and slurry feed rate were investigated on the morphology, size distribution, density and flowability of spray-dried hydroxyapatite granules. The granules were of good spherical shape and smooth surface, but low flowability. The granules of uniform size distribution were obtained at high spraying air flow rate and granules of small sizes were collected at high spraying and drying air flow rates, high slurry feed rate and low drying air temperature. Thus, by adjusting the spray drying conditions we can control the granule properties.
Effect of Preform Height on Die Wear in Hot Forging Process of Idle Gear by Finite Element Modeling
Authors: Soranansri Panuwat , Sukpat Mahathep , Pornsawangkul Taweesak , Mungsantisuk Pinai , Sirivedin Kumpanat
Published: February 2017

In hot forging process, the common failure modes of forging die are wear, fatigue fracture and plastic deformation. Normally die wear is occurred the most frequently and it influents directly to shape, dimension and surface quality of product. For this research, the hot forging process of idle gear was studied to focus on die wear. This product is forged in three steps. There are preform step, rougher step and finisher step. Height of preform shape in preform step was a parameter to study effect on die wear. Archard’s wear model in finite element modeling was used to predict die wear. The finite element modeling was verified by real hot forging process for reliable model and then it was used to determine the optimum preform height to reduce die wear. Finally the result showed that the maximum wear depth on the forging die was reduced 41.2% from original industry process.
Resistance to Underwater Abrasion of Fiber Reinforced Cement Mortar
Authors: Wongprachum Warun , Sappakittipakorn Manote , Jiemvarangkul Pijit
Published: February 2017

Surfaces of hydraulic concrete conduits where significant abrasion of waterborne sediment can occur often degrade and need a regular repair to maintain their serviceability. In this research, thin overlay made of fiber reinforced cement mortar was introduced as a repair measures. Its resistance to underwater abrasion was therefore experimentally evaluated following the procedures of ASTM C 1138. This research utilized three types of fiber: steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, and micro polypropylene fiber (the micro polypropylene fiber was used only in a combination with either the steel or the polypropylene fiber). The influence of these fibers on the abrasion resistance of fiber reinforced cement mortar was then determined in terms of weight loss. The weight loss results showed that the fibers added to mortar specimens can enhance the abrasion resistance. Between the steel and polypropylene fiber, the latter provided better abrasion resistance. In case of the combination mixes, the micro polypropylene fiber increased abrasion resistance when combined with the polypropylene fiber but had no benefit when combined with the steel fiber.
Service Life Extension and CO2 Emission due to Silane Treatment on Chloride-Exposed Concrete Structures
Authors: Petcherdchoo Aruz , Ongsopapong Chotima
Published: February 2017

This study presents assessment of the environmental impact in terms of the CO2 due to silane treatment for extending corrosion-free service life of concrete structures under chloride attack. To achieve this, there are two issues to be addressed; prediction of corrosion-free service life extension, and assessment of the amount of CO2 emission. In predicting the corrosion-free service life extension, the behaviors of chloride diffusion before and after time-based silane treatment are considered. Then, the cumulative CO2 due to silane treatment is accordingly calculated. The ratio of the corrosion-free service life extension to the cumulative CO2 is defined as the effectiveness of silane treatment, and used to compare different silane treatment strategies.
Optimization of Material Selection for Whitening Cream: Artificial Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithm Approach
Authors: Phuaksaman Chayathach , Wangkananon Worrapon
Published: February 2017

The materials in the skin care products have many types such as the whitening agent in the whitening cream. In general, researchers have conducted experiments to determine the effectiveness of such substances in the form of a single material in vitro. In practice, performance testing of material has conducted in Vivo that it is more than acceptable. In addition to use the materials altogether (synergistic) make higher performance or jump higher in a non-linear manner. The amount of these materials should be used in the right proportions. But to test the performance of materials in the real trial, each time it has a very high cost from volunteer, tracking, and duration of the experiment. We were unable to test the performance in several formulations. For this reason, the research objective is to develop algorithms to solve the problem of restrictions on such experiments to reduce time and cost. With a wide range of experimental design and use techniques to predict the outcome in early stage, then those results to design experiments and collect data. In this work, the effects of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the effectiveness of the materials in whitening cream products were used incorporate with Genetic Algorithm (GA). In this article will experiment with simulated data from the experts as close to real data. To test the performance of the algorithm was developed and will extend the experimental results in the future. The algorithm of ANNs developed a multi-layer feed forward structure (4-13-1) with the lowest MSE is 6.00895e-4 and largest R2 is 0.979164. The best materials formulations optimized by GA were Arbutin=3%, Aloesin=0.658%, Niacinamide=0.007%, and Oxyresveratrol=0.993% that conduct lowest of 0.0823817 melanin value. Therefore, the algorithm developed in this study can be applied to develop the reality experiment in the future.
Computer-Aided Design and Engineering for M16 Handguard Manufacturing
Authors: Petcharawan Supakanya , Sornsuwit Nuttaphong , Kitisatorn Wanlop
Published: February 2017

This work presents a computer-aided design and engineering CAD/CAE for design and optimization of M16 handguard manufacturing. A new design of handguard was developed in term of various combinations of supporting ribs inside the component. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used to simulate the stress distribution as well as the evaluation of supporting ribs in the component. The injection molding was used for production of the hand guard; therefore, the CAE was used to simulate the effect of gate location and gate type on the weld lines. The excessive-flash technique, which extends the fill time and continues the melt lines to flow after the melt recombination, has been introduced in order to reduce the weld lines. The simulation results indicated that the stress concentration in the loading and vent holes regions had the potential to cause the handguard to fracture. However, the combinations of vertical and horizontal ribs can reduce the stress concentration in the component. The weld lines located near the vent hole, in which the melt fronts came in contact with each other. The type and location of gates did not affect the weld line while the weld lines were observed to be strongly influenced by the excessive flash.
Tracer Injection Simulations and RTD Analysis for the Flow in 3-Strands Steelmaking Tundish
Authors: Kowitwarangkul Pruet , Harnsihacacha Anawat
Published: February 2017

Steel cleanliness in the continuous casting process can be improved by the enhancement of inclusion floatation via the flow control in tundish.The aim of this study is to define potential steel flow improvements in the 3-strands tundish of BSI (Bangkok Steel Industry) steelmaking shop. The numerical models of tundish without and with flow modifiers are simulated using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, ANSYS Fluent Workbench 14.0. The simulations of tracer injection using species transport model were performed. Flow characteristics were analyzed by RTD (residence time distribution) curves and the volumes fraction of three types of flow conditions. The results from this reseach shows how the current design of the flow modifiers improves some flow characteristics.
Tension-Compression Tests for Springback Prediction of AHS Steel Using the Yoshida-Uemori Model
Authors: Julsri Weerapong , Suranuntchai Surasak , Uthaisangsuk Viton
Published: February 2017

In sheet metal formingprocess of automotive parts, springback effect is crucial, in particular, foradvanced high strength (AHS) steels. Most structural components of new vehiclesshow very complex shapes that require multi–step forming procedures.Therefore, finite element (FE)simulation has been often used to describe plasticdeformation behavior and springback occurrence of formed metal sheets.Recently, the kinematic hardening Yoshida–Uemorimodel has showed great capability for predicting elastic recovery of material. In this work, the AHSsteel grade JSC780Y wasinvestigated, in which tension–compressiontests were carried out. From resulted cyclic stress–strainresponses, material parameters were identified using different fitting methods.Determined model parameters were firstly verified by using simulations of 1–elementmodel. The most appropriate parameter set was thenobtained. Finally, a Hat-Shape forming test was performed and springback waspredicted and compared with experimental results.
Experimental Study of Aggregates Size Effect on Strain, Damage and Permeability of Concrete
Authors: Fabien Aurélie , Choinska Marta , Bonnet Stéphanie , Khelidj Abdelhafid
Published: February 2017

Two approaches can be used to study the size effect: one based on the change in sample size, and the other based on the variation in the aggregates size. The main objective of this research was to study the second approach. We studied 6 various concrete mixes and each test was repeated three times. For each material, uniaxial cyclic compressive tests have been performed to investigate the behaviour of concrete in a partially damaged state. The specimens were submitted to three levels of loading corresponding to 30, 60 and 80% of the maximal compressive strength. The damage indicator chosen is the decrease of Young’s modulus and the tightness indicator is the gas permeability. Results show that the concrete composition and more particularly the aggregate size have an important influence on the mechanical and transfer properties of concretes.
Green Materials for Sound Absorption
Authors: Trematerra Amelia , Lombardi Ilaria
Published: February 2017

Green materials are becoming a valid alternative to traditional synthetic materials. The green materials can be used in different fields of the building constructions. The green materials are sustainable, infact the at the end of its useful life they can be dispersed into the environment without damaging it. So the green material can be used in improving the acoustic comfort inside environment, as well as to mitigate noise pollution. In this paper are reported the acoustic measurements of the properties of green materials. The absorption coefficient of samples of the materials, were measured in the frequency range from 200 Hz to 2,000 Hz with an impedance tube (tube of ”Kundt”); the flow resistance was also measured. Furthermore the problems about the realization of sound-absorbing panels composed of green materials, used for the acoustic correction of classroom, were discussed.
Morphological and Thermal Characterization of Nafion/CNT/PVA Nanocomposite Membranes
Authors: Kim Young Ho , Lee Yeon Kyung , Kang Bong Keun , Kim Hee Jin , Choi Sang June
Published: February 2017

Nafion membranes were reinforced by adding functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) such as oxidized CNTs (ox-CNTs). To enhance the ox-CNTs’ miscibility in the Nafion membrane, a small amount of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was introduced during the fabrication of some of the nanocomposite membranes. Nafion, a sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer-copolymer, can be used as an ion-exchange membrane in various nanobio-devices. However, some physical properties of Nafion membranes, including the thermal stability, need to be enhanced by adding rigid inorganic nanomaterials such as CNTs or silicates.In this study, PVA-reinforced Nafion membranes with either pristine CNTs (p-CNTs) or ox-CNTs (Nafion/CNT/PVA) were prepared by solution casting. The prepared Nafion/CNT/PVA nanocomposite membranes were approximately 90 μm thick, and their morphologies were characterized by microscopy. Their thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis.
The Inflammatory Bowel Disease–Associated Autophagy Gene Atg16L1T300A Acts as a Dominant Negative Variant in Mice
Authors: Gao Ping , Liu Hongtao , Huang Huarong , Zhang Qi , Strober Warren , Zhang Fuping
Published: February 2017

The basis of the increased risk for Crohn’s disease conferred by the Atg16L1T300A polymorphism is incompletely understood. An important step forward came from the recent demonstration that the murine equivalent of Atg16L1T300A (Atg16L1T316A) exhibits increased susceptibility to caspase 3–mediated cleavage and resulting decreased levels of full-length Atg16L1 in macrophages. However, although this finding showed that this polymorphism is a loss-of-function abnormality, it did not address the possibility that this polymorphism also affects the function of a normal Atg16L1 allele in heterozygous mice. Therefore, we evaluated the function of the Atg16L1T300A polymorphism heterozygote and homozygote in knock-in (KI) mice. Surprisingly, we found that macrophages from both types of KI mice exhibit defective autophagic induction; accordingly, both types of mice exhibit defects in bacterial clearance coupled with increased inflammasome cytokine (IL-1β) responses. Furthermore, macrophages from both types of KI mice displayed defects in TNF-α–induced Atg16L1T300A cleavage, increased retention of bacteria, bacterial dissemination, and Salmonella-induced colitis. These studies suggested that chromosomes bearing the Atg16L1T300A polymorphism can interfere with the function of the wild-type (WT) Atg16L1 allele and, thus, that the Crohn’s disease risk polymorphism is a dominant-negative variant with the potential to act as a disease factor, even when present on only one chromosome. This conclusion was supported by the finding that mice bearing a WT Atg16L1 allele and a null allele (Atg16L1KO/+ mice) exhibit normal autophagic function equivalent to that of WT mice.
On the return-volatility relationship in the Bitcoin market around the price crash of 2013
Authors: Bouri Elie , Azzi Georges , Dyhrberg Anne Haubo
Published: February 2017

The authors examine the relation between price returns and volatility changes in the Bitcoin market using a daily database denominated in US dollar. The results for the entire period provide no evidence of an asymmetric return-volatility relation in the Bitcoin market. The authors test if there is a difference in the return-volatility relation before and after the price crash of 2013 and show a significant inverse relation between past shocks and volatility before the crash and no significant relation after. This finding shows that, prior to the price crash of December 2013, positive shocks increased the conditional volatility more than negative shocks. This inverted asymmetric reaction of Bitcoin to positive and negative shocks is contrary to what one observes in equities. As leverage effect and volatility feedback do not adequately explain this reaction, the authors propose the safe-haven effect (Baur, Asymmetric volatility in the gold market, 2012). They highlight the benefits of adding Bitcoin to a US equity portfolio, especially in the pre-crash period. Robustness analyses show, among others, a negative relation between the US implied volatility index (VIX) and Bitcoin volatility. Those additional analyses further support the findings and provide useful information for economic actors who are interested in adding Bitcoin to their equity portfolios or are curious about the capabilities of Bitcoin as a financial asset.
Insight into winter haze formation mechanisms based on aerosol hygroscopicity and effective density measurements
Authors: Xie Yuanyuan , Ye Xingnan , Ma Zhen , Tao Ye , Wang Ruyu , Zhang Ci , Yang Xin , Chen Jianmin , Chen Hong
Published: February 2017

Abstract. We characterize a representative haze event from a series of periodic particulate matter (PM) episodes that occurred in Shanghai during winter 2014. Particle size distribution, hygroscopicity, and effective density were measured online, along with analysis of water-soluble inorganic ions and single particle mass spectrometry. Regardless of pollution level, the mass ratio of SNA/PM1.0 (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) slightly fluctuated around 0.28 over the whole observation, suggesting that both secondary inorganic compounds and carbonaceous aerosols (including soot and organic matter) contributed substantially to the haze formation. Nitrate was the most abundant ionic species during hazy periods, indicating that NOx contributed more to haze formation in Shanghai than did SO2. The calculated PM concentration from particle size distribution displayed a variation pattern similar to that of measured PM1.0 during the representative PM episode, indicating that enhanced pollution level was attributable to the elevated number of larger particles. The number fraction of the near-hydrophobic group increased as the PM episode developed, indicating accumulation of local emissions. Three "banana-shape" particle evolutions were consistent with the rapid increase in PM1.0 mass loading, indicating rapid size growth by condensation of condensable materials was responsible for the severe haze formation. Both hygroscopicity and effective density of the particles increased considerably with growing particle size during the banana-shaped evolutions, indicating that secondary transformation of NOx and SO2 was a major contributor to the particle growth. Our results suggest that the accumulation of gas-phase and particulate pollutants under stagnant meteorological conditions and subsequent rapid particle growth by secondary processes, were primarily responsible for the haze pollution in Shanghai during wintertime.
The neglected “gift” of Ratzel for/from the Indian Ocean: thoughts on mobilities, materialities and relational spaces
Authors: Verne Julia
Published: February 2017

Abstract. When Korf (2014) recently invited (critical) geographers to come to terms with the problematic heritage of our discipline, especially with respect to spatial political thought, he first of all drew our attention to the intellectual contributions of Martin Heidegger and Carl Schmitt. While he urges us to rethink our ongoing references to these key thinkers, especially in light of the rather strict avoidance of politically problematic figures within our own discipline, such as Haushofer and Ratzel, this article now wishes to address geography's (dis)engagement with its politically problematic heritage from the opposite angle: focusing on Friedrich Ratzel, it asks if we might have been too radical in condemning his work as only poison? What if the neglect of Ratzel has actually led to a moment where his ideas feature prominently in current geographical debates without us even noticing it? By drawing on his contributions to cultural geography and, in particular, the establishment of the cultural historical method and German diffusionism, this article takes up on this question and reflects on the (imagined/actual) role of Ratzel's scholarship in contemporary geography. By pointing out striking similarities to more recent discussions about mobility, materiality and relational space, it illustrates the contemporary, though widely unnoticed, (re)appearance of Ratzel's ideas, and uses this example to emphasize the need for more critical reflection concerning the history of our discipline as well as the complex ways in which political ideologies and intellectual reasoning relate to each other.
Statistical analysis of Lagrangian transport of subtropical waters in the Japan Sea based on AVISO altimetry data
Authors: Prants Sergey V. , Budyansky Maxim V. , Uleysky Michael Yu.
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Northward near-surface Lagrangian transport of subtropical waters in the Japan Sea frontal zone is simulated and analysed based on altimeter data for the period from 2 January 1993 to 15 June 2015. Computing different Lagrangian indicators for a large number of synthetic tracers launched weekly for 21 years in the southern part of the Sea, we find preferred transport pathways across the Subpolar Front. This cross-frontal transport is statistically shown to be meridionally inhomogeneous with gates and barriers whose locations are determined by the local advection velocity field. The gates open due to suitable dispositions of mesoscale eddies facilitating propagation of subtropical waters to the north. It is documented for the western, central and eastern gates with the help of different kinds of Lagrangian maps and verified by some tracks of available drifters. The transport through the gates occurs by a portion-like manner, i.e. subtropical tracers pass the gates in specific places and during specific time intervals. There are some forbidden zones in the frontal area where the northward transport has not been observed during all the observation period. They exist due to long-term peculiarities of the advection velocity field.
Addressing the Difficult Questions
Authors: Nuar Marie
Published: February 2017

This article examines the difficulties inherent in dialogue that have prevented efforts from bearing greater fruit. It acknowledges the distance that has been covered since the beginning but aims to point out some of the attitudes and presuppositions that can cause a dialogue to stall or become sterile. Sometimes respectful but difficult questions need to be asked to enable a deeper engagement with the other. It then seeks to suggest some ways forward so that dialogue can continue to bear fruit and enrich its participants.
The comprehension of Italian relative clauses in poor readers and in children with Specific Language Impairment
Authors: Arosio Fabrizio , Panzeri Francesca , Molteni Bruna , Magazù Santina , Guasti Maria Teresa
Published: February 2017

Children with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and children with Developmental Dyslexia (DD) have problems comprehending relative clauses (RCs) and find object RCs more difficult than subject RCs, as do typically developing children. Few studies have compared these groups directly, leaving it unclear whether the problems observed in children with DD are similar to those described in SLI. Work with typically developing children has shown that the comprehension of passive RCs is less challenging than that of object RCs. It is argued that this asymmetry depends on intervention effects as modelized in a Relativized Minimality framework. Since movement is challenging for children with SLI and those with DD, examining and comparing their comprehension of object RCs and passive RCs can broaden our understanding of their language deficits. In fact, both structures involve movement, but the moved element and the movement configuration are different.In our study we investigated the comprehension of subject RCs, object RCs and passive RCs in 12 Italian monolingual children with SLI (mean age: 7;6), 13 Italian monolingual children with DD (mean age: 10;7) and 50 typically developing controls matched for age, grammar and vocabulary. Results from a picture selection task show that: (i) subject RCs are unproblematic for all children; (ii) object RCs are challenging for children with SLI, children with DD and younger typically developing controls; (iii) passive RCs are better understood than object RCs in all groups, but still problematic for children with SLI and younger typically developing controls. Our data show that intervention effects are found in children with SLI and children with DD and that those with SLI have a deficit in transferring thematic roles to moved elements. Our results point out that some of the children with DD have a mild grammatical deficit that was undetected or escaped standardized tests.
Prólogo No.16(1)
Authors: Perera Lumbí Juan Francisco
Published: February 2017

No Resumen
Percepción y prácticas de atención del Grisi siknis de la comunidad de krin krin, Waspam, río Coco
Authors: Henríquez Levas Cipriano , Chacón Mendoza Norberto , Espinoza Blanco Serafina
Published: February 2017

Esta investigación ha analizado la percepción y las prácticas de atención del Grisi siknis de la comunidad de Krin Krin, Waspam, río Coco. Fue un estudio cualitativo sustentado en un diseño etnográfico donde participaron líderes comunitarios, médicos tradicionales, personas y familias afectadas. Los principales resultados muestran que este problema de salud, es originada por personas que practican magia negra o ciencias ocultas, se sabe que esta práctica les da poder para contactar y manipular distintos espíritus que están en todas partes, los que después toman posesión de las personas, es un tipo de trik o hechicería. Se concluye que distintos seres espirituales pueden ocasionar desequilibrios en la salud de las personas, asumiendo que los comunitarios mantienen sus tradiciones y creencias, así como, los conocimientos que heredaron de sus antepasados con relación al mundo espiritual que mora en el entorno.
Percepción sobre Isigni de la comunidad de Sawa, Waspam, río Coco
Authors: Guido Blixly Rigoberto , Yunkiath Cobam Catalina , Espinoza Blanco Serafina
Published: February 2017

Esta investigación describe la percepción sobre Isigni de la comunidad de Sawa. Fue un estudio cualitativo con un diseño de historia de vida donde se suministró una entrevista a curanderos, sukias, líderes comunales, ancianos y ancianas de la comunidad, así como grupos focales a estos mismos actores de la comunidad. Los resultados de la investigación determinan que en la comunidad de Sawa se mantienen viva las prácticas de sanación heredado de sus antepasados, tienen el conocimiento de identificar el mal y resolver el problema de salud que provoca el Isigni. Se concluye que la sanación a esta enfermedad consiste en la aplicación de plantas medicinales, oratorias y otros tipos de rituales de sanación.
Educar para la vida: Un docente desde la pedagogía del amor
Authors: Rodríguez Silva Isidro
Published: February 2017

Educar va más allá de una planificación curricular, de una docencia diaria, de una necesidad de conocer y aprender. La educación en todos sus procesos, necesita de la pedagogía del amor, que es darle un sentido humanístico al acto de educar. Todo quehacer educativo, toda acción docente, es y debe ser desde la pedagogía del amor.La educación desde la pedagogía del amor es ver la naturaleza desde una ética ecológica, es interrelacionar naturaleza y literatura. Es percibir la literatura como otra expresión de la vida, para construir un pensamiento crítico y percibir un mundo cada día más armónico, un mudo donde la poesía, a como dice Vicente Aleixandre, tiene que ser humana, porque si no es humana, no es poesía. Pero, sobre todo, como dice el filósofo Tagore: «La poesía es el eco de la melodía del universo en el corazón de los humanos».Amor y educación tiene que ver con llegar a ser seres humanos creativos, trasformadores; llegar al tipo de ser humano que anhelamos ser, mientras enseñamos y aprendemos. La única ley de todo educador es amar a sus educandos, donde la Mediación Pedagógica es aprendizaje significativo, integral, lúdico, placentero y bello.
Fertility preservation options for children and adolescents with cancer
Authors: Romao Rodrigo L.P. , Lorenzo Armando J.
Published: February 2017

Introduction: Cancer in children and adolescents has seen a stark rise in survival rates in the last decades; overall survival in excess of 80% can be reasonably expected for many newly diagnosed patients with malignancies in this age group. Survivorship has unfolded several specific issues faced by these patients, including fertility concerns. Hence, fertility preservation efforts have been discussed and undertaken with increased frequency.Methods: In this article, the authors provide a broad overview of the current recommendations surrounding fertility preservation in this patient population. Reasons to offer fertility preservation, target groups for interventions, and methods available based on age group and gender are discussed in detail.Results: The medical literature and patient advocates strongly support a discussion about fertility preservation at the time of diagnosis; the risk of infertility is real and parents and families wish to be informed about it. In postpubertal males, sperm-banking is relatively straightforward and should be attempted by most newly diagnosed patients, ideally before commencement of treatment. Cryopreservation of testicular tissue in higher-risk prepubertal males is feasible, but still experimental. Female fertility preservation is more complex, requires more invasive procedures, and can delay initiation of treatment due to the requirement for hormone stimulation of follicles prior to harvesting.Conclusions: Oncofertility initiatives in children and youth are still in their early days and will continue to expand; urologists should be prepared to offer counselling and interventions when appropriate to this growing vulnerable population.
Sums of Powers of Integers and Bernoulli Numbers Clarified
Authors: TAN SI DO
Published: February 2017

This work exposes a very simple method for calculating at the same time the sums of powers of the first integers S_m(n) and the Bernoulli numbers B_m. This is possible thank only to the relation S_m(x+1)-S_m(x)= x^m and the Pascal formula concerning S_m(n) which may be explained as if the vector  n^2-n, n^3-n,...,n^(m+1)-n  is the transform of the vector S_1(n), S_2(n),...,S_m(n)  by a matrix P built from the Pascal triangle. Very useful relations between the sums S_m(n), the Bernoulli numbers B_m and elements of the inverse matrix of P are deduced, leading straightforwardly to known and new properties of them.
Hypothesis of the Hidden Multiverse Explains Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Authors: Antonov Alexander Alexandrovich
Published: February 2017

There are currently a large number of Multiverse hypotheses, which are, however, non-verifiable, i.e. they can be neither confirmed nor refuted experimentally even in the distant future. In contrast, the hypothesis of the hidden Multiverse considered in the article is verifiable and therefore has a right to be called a theory. The theory uses the principle of physical reality of imaginary numbers discovered 500 years ago, including complex and hypercomplex numbers, as fundamental and proved by the author theoretically and experimentally. This principle has allowed revealing a number of serious mistakes in the special theory of relativity. An adjusted version of the special theory of relativity has been proposed and the theory of the hidden Multiverse has been developed on its basis. The Multiverse has been referred to as hidden, because parallel universes it contains are mutually invisible. The nature of their invisibility is explained in the article. It is shown that dark matter and dark energy are other universes of the hidden Multiverse apart from ours. Analysis of data from WMAP and Planck spacecrafts has shown that the hidden Multiverse has quaternion structure comprising four pairs of universes and antiverses (i.e., four pairs of matter and antimatter).
Facial Recognition and Visual Processing as We Age: Using the Thatcher Illusion with Famous and Non-Famous Faces
Authors: Hicks Richard E. , Alexander Victoria , Bahr Mark
Published: February 2017

This paper reports a study examining preferred visual processes in recognition of facial features in older vs younger age groups, using Thatcherised images of famous and non-famous people in the one study. The aims were to determine whether decline in visual system processing occurs increasingly as we grow older, and whether there is less decline in recognition of famous (or familiar) faces. Three groups (younger, middle-old and older) made up the sample of 73 people (aged 19-82 years). Visual decline in face recognition across the age groups was assessed based on the Thatcher illusion—using four famous and four non-famous faces either with normal features or with distorted features. The faces were presented one at a time on computer screen, and participants were asked to judge whether the face was distorted (eyes and/or mouth not aligned in relation to the face); in addition, time taken to decision (latency) was also measured. Decline was found in visual processing such that older individuals gave limited attention to facial details (processing faces holistically, with detail errors) and they took longer to decide. Whether the faces were famous or not did not have significant effects on the decisions and there was no interaction with age, though famous faces were given longer attention. Our visual system processes decline as we age in that we give less attention to details and more to holistic processing and so make more errors in recognition. Implications for treatment or amelioration of the effects are discussed.