bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of spontaneous flora of the Peter the Great BotanicaL Garden
Authors: Baranova O. G. , Konechnaya G. Yu.
Published: September 2024

About 30 years ago, the species composition of herbaceous plants on the territory of the Peter the Great Botanical Garden was studied. It has changed over the years, and it is necessary to give assessment to this process. Currently, the problem of the appearance and dispersal of invasive plant species, most of which are “escapees” from cultivation, is quite acute in Russia and beyond. The purpose of the research is to identify and analyze changes in the species composition of the spontaneous flora of herbaceous plants in the Peter the Great Botanical Garden over the past 30 years. The objectives of the study included assessing changes in the number of certain alien plant species and their invasive potential. As a result of the inventory, 355 species of vascular plants from 54 families were identified in the modern spontaneous flora of the botanical garden. Among them, the indigenous fraction comprises 248 plant species (70.3%). Compared to 1994, the number of species in the flora of the botanical garden increased by 20%. There was an increase in the group of species escaped from cultivation by 50%, but their abundance does not yet cause concern and only 4 species are recognized as potentially invasive on the territory of the botanical garden.
Prospects for the Use of Thymoquinone (a Component of Nigella sativa) in the Prevention and Therapy of Neuropathologies
Authors: Zasukhina G. D. , Maksimova T. N.
Published: September 2024

Black cumin and its component thymoquinone (TQ) are known as drugs with a wide range of pharmacological activities: immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral, antineoplastic properties. These drugs also have neuroprotective properties in neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's), ischaemia, epilepsy, encephalomyelitis, traumatic brain injury. The main mechanisms of action are antioxidant activity increased expression of neuroprotective genes and proteins with decreased activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the NF-кB pathway, which plays a key role in neuroinflammation. A separate section is devoted to the effects of black cumin and TQ on the course of depression, a common and socially significant illness. Reduced signs of depression and increased levels of a neuroprotective factor belonging to the neutrophin family (BDNF), a characteristic marker of depression, were described in 54 depressed patients. The review discusses the prospects for prevention and therapy with these drugs in central nervous system pathology.
Strategic Tasks and Prospects for the Development of the Resource Base of Healthcare and Health Saving through the Prism of Personalized and Precision Medicine
Authors: Suchkov S. V. , Abe H. , Berezhnoy A. I. , Murphy S. , Polyakova V. S. , Vasiliev M. V. , Ovchinnikov A. P. , Smith D. , Zemskov V. M. , Revishvili A. S. , Demidova V. S. , Scherman D. , Glinushkin A. P. , Zemskov A. M. , Barach P. , Suvorov A. N.
Published: September 2024

Current research indicates the importance of a personalized approach to health care, including quality preclinical laboratory diagnostics, preventive and prophylactic nutrition and the construction of individualized nutritional protocols, and well-being of the microenvironment as a whole. This article analyzes existing methods and technologies in the fields of personalized nutritional, medicine, precision fudomics and bioinformatics and their contribution to healthcare, reviewing key aspects of these fields and suggesting directions for further research and implementation.
Anti-Aging Medicine: Mitochondrial-Directed Antioxidants and Physical Activity
Authors: Shilovsky G. A. , Sorokina E. V. , Akhayev D. N.
Published: September 2024

Mitochondria are an important source of reactive oxygen species in skeletal muscle. Mitochondrial dysfunction accompanies the development of age-related human diseases. Increased production of reactive oxygen species contributes to muscle atrophy caused, for example, by physical inactivity. Many regulatory pathways involved in mitochondrial biogenesis are targets of anti-aging therapies. Active lifestyle and exercise prevent age-related damage to skeletal muscle mitochondria. Another way to correct the action of reactive oxygen species is the use of antioxidants directly targeted to the mitochondria. Treatment with mitochondria-targeted antioxidants attenuates mitochondrial degeneration, improves age-related skeletal muscle function, and protects muscles from atrophy. This review presents data on the use of mitochondrial-directed antioxidants and exercise to maintain the structural and functional state of mitochondria, and protect muscles from sarcopenia.
Pathogenesis of Post-Covid Syndrome. The Key Role of the Immune System
Authors: Gomazkov O. A.
Published: September 2024

When considering the pathogenesis of COVID-19 and post-Covid syndrome, disorders associated with the immune system come to the fore. Complexes of immune dysregulation, dissonant reactions of the patient’s innate and adaptive immune systems, should be considered the main causes of the complex pattern of lesions. These processes include cellular inflammation, disorder of hemovascular homeostasis, and organ damages. Consistent analysis of these processes serves as the basis for choosing therapeutic strategy schemes, taking into account clinical indicators and personal characteristics of patients.
Analysis of the Distribution of Robertsonian Fusions in Polymorphic Populations of the Common Shrew, Sorex araneus L.
Authors: Orlov V. N. , Kryshchuk I. A. , Cherepanova E. V. , Borisov Y. M.
Published: September 2024

We calculated the found and expected frequencies of metacentrics in polymorphic populations of the Dnieper basin common rodent, resulting from hybridization of local populations with acrocentric karyotype and four chromosomal races (Neroosa, Kiev, Białowieża, and Western Dvina) with 3–5 diagnostic metacentrics in each. We have previously shown an increased frequency of acrocentric karyotype compared to that expected according to Hardy-Weinberg. The low frequency (less than 0.5) of most metacentrics of the four chromosomal races and the disappearance of some of them from the populations can be explained by the increased fitness of the acrocentric karyotype and the absence of meiotic drive. On the contrary, the preservation of high frequency (more than 0.5) of such metacentrics as gm, hk (races of Western Dvina), hi (races of Kiev), hn, ik (races of Białowieża), and, especially, the fixation of metacentric hi (races of Neroosa) in polymorphic populations can be explained by meiotic drive. The fixation of Rb compounds in the range of the common rodent may be a consequence not only of gene drift, but also of meiotic drive. Most likely, meiotic drive is able to maintain the frequency of Rb compounds with the largest acrocentrics g, h, and i, which contributed to the widespread distribution of such compounds throughout the range of the common rodent.
Fluid inclusions in quartz of the gold-ore occurrences and gold-quartz intergrowths from placers in the Sololi uplift of the Olenyok arch (Yakutia)
Authors: Kardashevskaia V. N. , Gerasimov B. B. , Tomilenko A. A. , Bocharov V. N.
Published: September 2024

Fluid inclusions have been studied in vein quartz with gold sulfide mineralization from metamorphosed sandstones of the Eekite series and metarhyolites of the Early Proterozoic, in quartz breccia from the zone of overlapping gold mineralization on the Early and Middle Permian sandstones, as well as in the gold quartz intergrowths from the Sololi River placer. It has been revealed that formation of quartz breccias occurred within a wide temperature interval from 230 to 425 ºC, with predominance of carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the vapor phase. It is suggested that the increased nitrogen content may be associated with a chemical reaction between the fluid and ammonium-containing silicates of host rocks, in which nitrogen in the form of NH4+ isomorphically replaces potassium at the regressive stage of metamorphism. At the same time, it is possible that mantle nitrogen, which was transported along the Anabar-Eekite deep fault, participated in formation of the studied breccias. The close homogenization temperatures and similar nature of the water-salt composition for the fluid inclusions of quartz veins that inject the Eekite series meta-rocks and meta-rhyolites indicate the synchronism of their formation and attribute them to the common stage of ore formation. Quartz veins with gold sulfide mineralization were the primary sources of pebbles with gold-quartz intergrowths from the Sololi River, this is evidenced by similarity of principal characteristics of fluid inclusions. Oxidizing conditions of the mineralization serve as favorable factor for the Au deposition, it is indicated by the predominant CO2 content in fluid inclusions, keeping role of a geochemical barrier and leading to an elevated gold content in quartz veins.
A model of religiosity integration in sustainable tourism development (The case of Tenganan Pagringsingan Village, Bali, Indonesia)
Authors:   Tourism Department, Politeknik Negeri Bali, Indonesia, Budarma I Ketut
Published: September 2024

The research in Tenganan Pegringsingan village in Bali, Indonesia examines the relationship between religiosity, convention (awig-awig) environmental sustainability, and sustainable tourism development. The study explores how the village's cultural practices and social structures impact its ecological balance. The method used is descriptive qualitative to examine potential challenges faced by the village. The findings emphasize the importance of preserving traditional practices in maintaining the ecological health of the region. The village's commitment to cultural preservation and environmental sustainability is crucial for its sustainability and resilience. The research also identifies five challenges faced by the village, including tourism governance, friction between customs and tourism, preservation of local wisdom, economic life and cultural-based tourism, and informal education for endogamous marriages. To address these challenges, a comprehensive model is proposed that integrates religiosity, traditional conventions, tourism governance, local wisdom, informal education, cultural tourism-based economy, cultural friction, and integration. This model ensures that tourism development aligns with the village's religiosity and traditional practices, maintains cultural integrity, and promotes sustainable economic growth while preserving the community's way of life.
PERAN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI PADA PENGARUH CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE TERHADAP BRAND LOYALTY
Authors: Sukarno Husein Faryuki , Arifianti Ria , Hakim Raden Marsha Aulia
Published: September 2024

Customer experience, customer satisfaction, dan brand loyalty merupakan tiga konsep kunci yang saling terkait dalam hubungan antara interaksi pelanggan, kepuasan, dan loyalitas terhadap merek. Pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai customer experience ini penting untuk merancang strategi yang efektif dalam meningkatkan pengalaman pelanggan dan membangun loyalitas merek yang kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyelidiki hubungan antara customer experience, customer satisfaction, dan brand loyalty pada konsumen Herbalife di Kota Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik systematic random sampling untuk memilih sampel sebanyak 155 konsumen dengan beberapa kriteria yang harus dipenuhi. Data dikumpulkan melalui survei yang mencakup pertanyaan tentang persepsi konsumen terhadap customer experience, tingkat kepuasan konsumen, dan tingkat loyalitas terhadap Herbalife. Selanjutnya, digunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) digunakan untuk menguji model konseptual yang menghubungkan variabel-variabel tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa adanya pengaruh positif dari customer experience terhadap brand loyalty, yang diintermediasi oleh customer satisfaction. Harapannya, hasil temuan ini akan memberikan wawasan yang lebih mendalam tentang bagaimana customer experience yang baik mampu mempengaruhi customer satisfaction dan brand loyalty di antara konsumen Herbalife di Kota Surakarta.
Pengembangan Mesin CNC Plasma Cutting Sebagai Media Pembelajaran
Authors: Salam Abdul , Nasrullah Baso , Elizhabet Kawita , Hakim Abdul , Multazam Muh
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan plasma arc cutting dalam memotong logam hingga tebal pelat 5 mm dan meningkatkan kualitas hasil pemotongan plasma cutting. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan ialah identifikasi masalah, perancangan, pembuatan, perakitan, pengujian, dan analisa data hasil penelitian. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dengan pemilihan waktu dan tempat, alat dan bahan, prosedur dan langkah kerja, tahap perakitan, dan proses pengujian. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan 2 macam material pelat, tebal 1,4 mm dan pelat tebal 5 mm dengan menganalisa variabel penelitian yaitu lebar kerf, kekasaran permukaan, dan conicity dari hasil potong material tersebut. Proses pengujian ini menggunakan tiga faktor dan tiga level, serta tiga kali replikasi dalam setiap pengujiannya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini telah dihasilkan produk pemotongan material pelat yang sesuai dengan kemampuan potong mesin dengan efektif pemotongan 1 mm – 8 mm, maksimum 10 mm. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dapat diketahui bahwa untuk meningkatkan kualitas hasil pemotongan plasma cutting faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah ketinggian torch, tekanan udara, dan kuat arus. Parameter yang optimum pada pelat 1.4 mm adalah ketinggian torch 2 – 3 mm, tekanan udara 4,5 – 5 bar, kuat arus 32 – 35 A dan parameter yang optimum pada pelat 5 mm adalah ketinggian torch 2 – 3,5 mm, tekanan udara 5 – 6 bar, dan kuat arus 60 – 65 A.
Cakupan Pelayanan KIA sebelum dan setelah Pandemi COVID-19: Study Deskriptif pada Tujuh Puskesmas di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Ati Niken Asih Laras , Susanto Tantut , Rasni Hanny , Susumaningrum Latifa Aini , Kurdi Fahruddin
Published: September 2024

Pandemi COVID-19 menjadi tantangan besar dalam mengatasi permasalahan layanan kesehatan pada ibu, bayi baru lahir, dan anak dibawah lima tahun di Indonesia. Pandemi telah menyebabkan keterbatasan akses ke pelayanan kesehatan dan pergeseran prioritas system kesehatan dalam memberikan layanan standar pada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi cakupan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak sebelum dan sesudah Pandemi COVID-19 di Puskesmas di Kabupaten Jember. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis data sekunder. Data register tahun 2019 sampai dengan pertengahan tahun 2021 dianalisis dari Tujuh Puskesmas di Wilayah Kerja Kabupaten Jember. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 82.35% dari keseluruhan indikator cakupan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di Puskesmas mengalami penurunan dari tahun 2019 ke tahun 2020. Sementara hanya tiga indkator yaitu pelayanan antenatal pertama (K1) pada ibu hamil, bayi lahir hidup, dan bayi paripurna yang mengalami kenaikan sebesar 0.63%, 0.95%, dan 4.67%. Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap cakupan pelayanan ibu dan anak di Puskesmas. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan cakupan pelayanan kesehatan ibu dan anak selama pandemi COVID-19 perlu adanya peningkatan aksesibilitas pelayanan dan identifikasi faktor yang berkaitan dengan pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan ibu dan anak di Puskesmas.
A Scoping Review Intervensi Non Farmakologi Untuk Mengatasi Gangguan Penciuman: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rohmatin Titin , Soebekti Diq Diq Ibrahim Siddiq , Apsari Ashamar Puri , Melati Azalia
Published: September 2024

Gangguan indera penciuman dapat terjadi akibat terganggunya saraf kranial olfactory. Akibat ketidakmampuan saraf kranial olfactory mengenali bau, dapat berpengaruh buruk pada penderita yang mengalami gangguan indera penciuman karena tidak mampu mendeteksi adanya bahaya seperti bau api, kebocoran gas, makanan busuk mempengaruhi selera makan, mempengaruhi psikis dan kualitas hidup. Maka dari itu penting untuk mengetahui berbagai jeni intervensi non-farmakologis yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi gangguan penciuman. Tujuan dari scoping review ini adalah untuk memetakan evidence terkait intervensi non-farmakologis pada gangguan penciumman. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah scoping review dengan menggunakan artikel yang bersumber dari CINAHL, PubMed, dan Ebscohost dalam kurun waktu 2011 – 2021 dengan menggunakan pendekatan PRISMA. Hasil pencarian literatur kemudian ditelaah, dibandingkan, disusun secara sistematis dan dibahas. Jenis intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu meningkatkan fungsi penciuman antara lain olfactory training, pemberian sodiumm citrate, terapi PAP, mengunyah permen karet. Sehingga perawat dapat mengimplementasikan intervensi non-farmakologis untuk mengatasi masalah gangguan penciuman seperti hiposmia dan anosmia.
Determinan Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Perguruan Tinggi Kesehatan Di Bekasi
Authors: Yusrini Yusrini
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 tidak hanya mempengaruhi sektor pelayanan kesehatan namun juga semua sektor sosial bagi masyarakat. Tantangan tambahan mencakup kekhawatiran tentang kesehatan fisik maupun kesehatan mental individu. Fenomena saat ini telah terjadi kasus COVID-19 pada beberapa mahasiswa di  Perguruan Tinggi Kesehatan dan wawancara dengan beberapa mahasiswa mengatakan khawatir tertular COVID-19 , mengalami stress, jenuh dan bosan dengan pembelajaran online selama masa pandemi ini.  Masalah kesehatan mental dapat mengganggu secara signifikan. Tujuan: mengetahui gambaran dampak COVID-19 terhadap kesehatan mental mahasiswa keperawatan. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai adalah dengan memberikan dua  kuesioner  yang terdiri dari  kuesioner determinan dampak COVID-19 dan  Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 42) yang sudah dimodifikasi untuk 178 mahasiswa perguruan tinggi kesehatan, kemudian data akan dianalisa secara univariate, bivariate t-test (Pvalue 0,05). Hasil :Ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan (0,095), penggunaan sumber informasi  (0,011) dan perilaku kebiasaan (0,013) terhadap kecemasan dan stress tetapi tidak menunjukan hubungan signifikan pada depresi (0,65). Kesulitan akademik dan pemenenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan depresi (0,044),kecemasan (0,041) dan stress (0,040). Kesimpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan, sumber informasi dan perubahan perilaku selama pandemi menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan terhadap  kecemasan dan stress. Kesulitan akademik dan pemenuhan kebutuhan  sehari-hari dapat membuat mahasiswa keperawatan mengalami kecemasan, stress dan depresi.
Optimalisasi Status Fungsional dan Kognitif Pada Lansia Dengan Hipertensi Melalui Chair Based Exercise
Authors: Prayogi Bisepta , Rizani Khairir , Fratama Ferry Fadli
Published: September 2024

Hampir tiga dari sepuluh (29,52 persen) rumah tangga di Indonesia dihuni oleh lansia. Hampir tiga dari lima (59,21 persen) lansia bertindak sebagai kepala rumah tangga, yaitu orang yang bertanggungjawab atas kebutuhan sehari-hari rumah tangga. Seiring bertambahnya usia, para lansia akan mengalami penurunan status fungsional dan kognitif, sehingga rentan menimbulkan masalah kesehatan. Gangguan fungsi kognitif berhubungan erat dengan kejadian depresi, dimana kejadian depresi apabila bersamaan dengan gangguan fungsi kognitif dapat berdampak terhadap status kesehatan fisik, status fungsional, dan tingkat mortalitas penduduk usia lanjut.
Melalui penelitian ini penulis mengembangkan sebuah alternatif Latihan fisik pada lansia melalui Latihan menggunakan kursi (Chair Based Exercise). Berdasarkan literature review yang dilakukan oleh Pita et al, menunjukkan bahwa ada penurunan resiko jatuh pada lansia yang melakukan Latihan Chair Based Exercise.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi status fungsional dan kognitif lansia sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan chairbased exercise, dan menganalisis pengaruh chair based exercise terhadap peningkatan status fungsional dan kognitif lansia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen tanpa grup kontrol dengan melakukan pengukuran sebelum dan sesudah intervensi menggunakan instrumen yang telah disiapkanLuaran dari penelitian ini adalah artikel ilmiah yang akan di publikasikan pada jurnal keperawatan nasional terakreditasi.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA ARTICULATE STORYLINE DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS
Authors: Akhlilia Tudrika , Novita Puspa Dewi  , Sri Wardani  , Nuni Widiarti
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Various challenges occur in the era of globalisation with advances in technology and information, so it is necessary to develop IPAS learning media that can improve students' critical thinking skills. Realistic and conceptual IPAS learning media will make it easier for students to understand the subject matter. This research aims to explore literature studies related to the use of Articulate Storyline learning media on students' critical thinking skills in IPAS subjects in elementary schools. This research uses the SLR (Systematic Literature Review) method. This research collected data by collecting 20 accredited national and international journal articles on the utilisation of articulate storyline learning media from 2020 to 2024. These articles were obtained from Google Scholar, Research Gate, SINTA, and DOAJ. This research shows that Articulate Storyline 3 learning media can improve students' critical thinking skills.
 
Kata Kunci : Learning Media, Articulate Storyline, Critical Thinking
EFFECTIVENESS VALUE OF THE USE OF SNAKES AND LADDERS LEARNING MEDIA ON STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES
Authors: Maulana Akbar , Fitri Silvia Sofyan  , Tridays Repelita
Published: September 2024

The study's objective was to determine the value of the effectiveness of the use of snakes and ladders learning media on the learning outcomes of class VIII students at SMP IT Al-Ikhwan Karawang. This research uses a survey method. The purposive sampling methodology was utilized in the research, which employed a Non-probability sampling method. The sample used was 40 students from a total population of 100 students. The SPSS 27 application assisted in conducting the data analysis, consisting of validity and reliability tests, prerequisite analysis tests. In accordance with the outcomes of the research, the hypothesis test shows that there is an effectiveness of 67.2% between the use of snakes and ladders learning media on the learning outcomes of class VIII students at Al-Ikhwan Karawang IT Junior High School.
TEACHERS' EFFORTS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AT AL-IKHWAN IT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Setiawan Erik , Fitri Silvia Sofyan  , Lusiana Rahmatiani
Published: September 2024

Critical thinking is one of the key skills that need to be developed in 21st century education. Critical thinking not only helps students in understanding subject matter more deeply, but also equips them with the ability to analyze information, evaluate arguments, and solve problems effectively. The ability to think critically is needed in social life, therefore students must familiarize it from an early age, then develop it through education in schools. The development of critical thinking skills must be accompanied by the formation of better skills and attitudes.  The purpose of this study was to determine the teacher's efforts to improve the critical thinking skills of students at Al-Ikhwan IT Junior High School. The method used is descriptive method often called naturalistic research method because it is done in natural conditions (natural setting). This method is based on the philosophy of postpositivism and is used to examine objects in natural conditions, where researchers act as key instruments. Data collection is done in triangulation (combined), data analysis is qualitative inductive, and research results emphasize meaning rather than generalization. This study collects information by using interview data to the principal and Civics teacher at Al-ikhwan IT Junior High School The results of this study are that the teacher has tried to improve the quality of the students' learning.
Keywords: Teacher, Critical Thinking
Global changes in the development of the export potential of the grain sub-complex of the agrarian sector of Ukraine
Authors: Kyrylov Yurii , Ibatullin Marat , Konovalenko Anastasiia , Shylo Zhanna , Pochernina Nataliia
Published: September 2024

In modern conditions, the export of agricultural products is one of the main sources of income for the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Thus, conducting multi-faceted studies of foreign trade in this sector is relevant. The purpose of the study was to develop estimates of the possibility of developing grain exports in Ukraine based on the analysis of current data on the development of this sector, and individual global trends. The paper investigated global changes in the development of the export potential of the grain and food sub-complex of the agricultural sector of Ukraine. It is proved that the decomposition of the export potential of the grain sub-complex according to the sectoral system of the agrarian sector allows forming a step-by-step methodical assessment of its quantitative and qualitative indicators to determine the compositional integrity of the effective value of the object under study. A comprehensive functional-resource analysis of the parameters of the export potential of the grain sub-complex, which are grouped according to the process approach for calculating the food security of the export chain of grain production entities, is presented. The procedure for assessing the state of food security of the grain sub-complex of the state through the resource component allows diagnosing the export capabilities of subjects of foreign trade operations in the presence of numerous risks. The actual dependence of the gross domestic product of Ukraine on the export of products of the grain sub-complex was determined and its forecast value for a five-year period was calculated. A pessimistic-optimistic scenario of the growth (reduction) of Ukraine’s gross domestic product at the lower and upper limits of realisation of the export potential of the grain sub-complex is given. The conclusions obtained in the framework of the study can be used to form a policy in the agricultural sector of Ukraine
Farklı Alanlarda Öğrenim Gören Öğrencilerin Metaverse ile İlgili Bilgi Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Kanbur Ayla , Ceylan Gamze , Erdoğan Elif , Ejder Apay Serap
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışma, Sağlık Bilimleri ve Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin Metaverse kavramına dair bilgi düzeylerini, farkındalıklarını ve tutumlarını incelemek ve karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Tanımlayıcı ve karşılaştırmalı nitelikteki çalışma, 1 Ağustos 2023 – 31 Ocak 2024 tarihleri arasında yapılmış ve çalışmaya Sağlık Bilimleri ve Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören öğrenciler dahil edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak “Anket Formu ve Metaverse Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Veriler; ortalama, sayı, yüzdelik, standart sapma, normallik analizi, t testi ve kruskal wallis ile analiz edilmiştir. Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi öğrencilerinin Metaverse Ölçeği puan ortalamaları 51.00±15.44, Eğitim Fakültesi öğrencilerinin ölçek puan ortalaması 50.55±14.97’dir. Metaverse Ölçeği’nin teknoloji, dijitalleşme, sosyal ve yaşam biçimi alt boyutları ele alınıp incelendiğinde ise her iki fakülte öğrencileri söz konu ölçek alt boyutlarının her birinden ortalama üstü puan alırken ölçek toplam puanları açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık söz konusu değildir (t=0.330, p=0.74). Her iki fakülte öğrencilerinin Metaverse puanları değerlendirildiğinde bilgi düzeyleri, farkındalıkları ve tutumları orta düzeyde olup gruplar arasında farklılık yoktur.
Eğitim Bilimleri Odağında Türkiye’deki Üniversitelerin Değerlendirilmesi: İkincil Veri Analizi
Authors: Korucuk Murat
Published: September 2024

Bu çalışmada, 93 ülkede 2500 üniversiteden elde edilen verileri birçok kritere göre sıralayan Times Higher Education World University Rankings (THE) tarafından yapılan değerlendirme sonuçlarının Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren üniversiteler odağında analiz edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda THE’nin sıralamasında eğitim bilimleri alanında dünya genelindeki ilk 10 üniversite ile Türkiye’de faaliyet gösteren üniversitelerin aktif öğrenci sayılarının, akademik personel başına düşen öğrenci sayılarının, uluslararası öğrenci oranlarının, kadın/erkek öğrenci oranlarının ve bu değişkenler bağlamında genel sıralamalarının son beş yıl içerisindeki değişiminin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun yanında ilgili değişkenler odağında Türkiye’deki üniversitelerin farklılaşma düzeylerinin belirlenmesi de amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada ikincil veri analizi yönteminden yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın verileri THE internet sayfasından edinilmiştir. Araştırma sorularının çözümlenmesinde betimsel istatistiksel yöntemler ile parametrik olmayan fark testlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda eğitim bilimleri alanında Türkiye’de değerlendirmeye alınan üniversiteler ile Dünya genelindeki ilk 10 üniversitenin aktif öğrenci sayılarının, akademik personel başına düşen öğrenci sayılarının ve uluslararası öğrenci oranlarının istatistiksel açıdan farklılaştığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ancak kadın/erkek öğrenci oranları açısından istatistiksel açıdan bir fark olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Changes in 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol Are Associated with Cognitive Performance in Early Huntington’s Disease: Data from the TRACK and ENROLL HD Cohorts
Authors: Gray Sarah M. , Dai Jing , Smith Anne C. , Beckley Jacob T. , Rahmati Negah , Lewis Michael C. , Quirk Michael C.
Published: September 2024

Background:

There is evidence for dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis in Huntington’s disease (HD). The brain-specific cholesterol metabolite 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol (24(S)-OHC) is decreased in manifest HD. 24(S)-OHC is an endogenous positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, suggesting lower 24(S)-OHC may contribute to NMDA receptor hypofunction in HD. We hypothesized changes in 24(S)-OHC would be associated with cognitive impairment in early HD.

Objective:

To determine the interactions between oxysterols (24(S)-OHC, 25-OHC, and 27-OHC) at the NMDA receptor, the plasma levels of these oxysterols, and how these levels relate to cognitive performance.

Methods:

An in vitro competition assay was used to evaluate interactions at the NMDA receptor, liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to measure plasma 24(S)-OHC, 25-OHC, and 27-OHC levels, and correlation analyses investigated their relationship to performance on cognitive endpoints in TRACK and ENROLL-HD (NCT01574053).

Results:

In vitro, 25-OHC and 27-OHC attenuated the PAM activity of 24(S)-OHC on the NMDA receptor. Lower plasma 24(S)-OHC levels and 24(S)/25-OHC ratios were detected in participants with early HD. Moderate and consistent associations were detected between plasma 24(S)/25-OHC ratio and performance on Stroop color naming, symbol digit modality, Trails A/B, and emotion recognition. Little association was observed between the ratio and psychiatric or motor endpoints, suggesting specificity for the relationship to cognitive performance.

Conclusions:

Our findings support growing evidence for dysregulated CNS cholesterol homeostasis in HD, demonstrate a relationship between changes in oxysterols and cognitive performance in HD, and propose that NMDA receptor hypofunction may contribute to cognitive impairment in HD.
Factorizers for distributed sparse block codes
Authors: Hersche Michael , Terzić Aleksandar , Karunaratne Geethan , Langenegger Jovin , Pouget Angéline , Cherubini Giovanni , Benini Luca , Sebastian Abu , Rahimi Abbas
Published: September 2024

Distributed sparse block codes (SBCs) exhibit compact representations for encoding and manipulating symbolic data structures using fixed-width vectors. One major challenge however is to disentangle, or factorize, the distributed representation of data structures into their constituent elements without having to search through all possible combinations. This factorization becomes more challenging when SBCs vectors are noisy due to perceptual uncertainty and approximations made by modern neural networks to generate the query SBCs vectors. To address these challenges, we first propose a fast and highly accurate method for factorizing a more flexible and hence generalized form of SBCs, dubbed GSBCs. Our iterative factorizer introduces a threshold-based nonlinear activation, conditional random sampling, and an ℓ ∞ -based similarity metric. Its random sampling mechanism, in combination with the search in superposition, allows us to analytically determine the expected number of decoding iterations, which matches the empirical observations up to the GSBC’s bundling capacity. Secondly, the proposed factorizer maintains a high accuracy when queried by noisy product vectors generated using deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This facilitates its application in replacing the large fully connected layer (FCL) in CNNs, whereby C trainable class vectors, or attribute combinations, can be implicitly represented by our factorizer having F-factor codebooks, each with C F fixed codevectors. We provide a methodology to flexibly integrate our factorizer in the classification layer of CNNs with a novel loss function. With this integration, the convolutional layers can generate a noisy product vector that our factorizer can still decode, whereby the decoded factors can have different interpretations based on downstream tasks. We demonstrate the feasibility of our method on four deep CNN architectures over CIFAR-100, ImageNet-1K, and RAVEN datasets. In all use cases, the number of parameters and operations are notably reduced compared to the FCL.
Amide and amidoester fatty acid derivatives as multifunctional components of protective alkyd urethane coatings
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Varlan K.Ye. , Kuzminskyi V.Yu. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Chervakov O.V. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Sverdlikovska O.S. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology
Published: September 2024

In order to expand the range of practically useful products based on renewable raw materials, a number of fatty acid derivatives, products of sunflower oil processing, were synthesized. The reaction of methyl esters of fatty acids with mono-, diethanolamine and piperazine yielded the corresponding amides of fatty acids. By reacting ethanolamide derivatives with maleic anhydride, maleated amidoester derivatives of fatty acids containing free carboxyl or hydroxyl groups were synthesized. A copper-containing product was prepared by the interaction of the dimaleinated derivative with copper acetate. All synthesized products showed solubility in alcohols and aromatic solvents. The obtained products were studied as multifunctional components of a film-forming system based on alkyd-urethane varnish brand AU(AL)-52W. It is shown that the synthesized ethanolamide and amidoester derivatives are regulators of the rheological properties of the varnish. Depending on the concentration, they can reduce (by 25–52%) or increase the dynamic viscosity of the varnish. Along with the effect on rheological properties, the synthesized additives in concentrations of up to 0.5–1.5% contribute to increasing the hardness of varnish coatings by 7.5–12.5% and do not negatively affect the drying time.
Computer models for the prediction of antimicrobial activity of 4-((5-(decylthio)-4-methyl-4h-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl)morpholine as a potential medicine
Authors:   Petro Mohyla Black Sea National University, Ogloblina M. , Bushuyeva I. , Parchenko V. , Gutiy B. , Zazharskyi V. , Davydenko P. , Kulishenko O.
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the polypharmacological profiling of 4-((5-(decylthio)-4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)methyl)morpholine, which has potential as an antimicrobial agent. The study was conducted using 15,148 electronic pharmacophore models of organisms, ranked according to the Tversky index. A detailed analysis of the compound's interactions with selected enzymes showed that 4-((5-(decylthio)-4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)methyl)morpholine forms classical types of bonds with chosen biotargets. The key amino acid residues involved in the formation of complexes were also identified. Based on the binding profiles observed for selected complexes with the active centers of thymidine kinase (4IVR), phosphate synthase (1G6C), and biotin carboxylase (2W6O), it can be concluded that this bioactive ligand is likely to exhibit antibacterial and antiviral effects by inhibiting molecular and biological processes in pathogenic organisms. The chosen targets had acceptable binding modes with 4-((5-(decylthio)-4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl)methyl)morpholine, did not form unwanted contacts, and interacted with some critically important amino acid residues. This suggests the potential for further use in virtual screening, computer modeling, and more in-depth in vitro and in vivo studies. The results of the multitarget analysis could contribute to the development of new antimicrobial drugs effective against various types of infectious agents.
Determination of optimal technological parameters for processing fluoropolymers
Authors:   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology, Kabat O.S. , Pikula I.I. ,   Ukrainian State University of Chemical Technology
Published: September 2024

This work presents the main stages of the technological process of processing fluoropolymers (a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene with ethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride) into products and defines their key processing parameters. Using thermomechanical and thermogravimetric analysis, it was determined that the maximum and minimum processing temperatures of the investigated fluoropolymers are 2400C and 4300C for the copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene with ethylene, and 1500C and 4200C for polyvinylidene fluoride, respectively. The optimal processing temperature of the studied fluoropolymers was determined using an indirect method of examining the influence of this factor on the physical and mechanical properties of the polymers. It was established that the optimal processing temperature is 2700C for the copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene with ethylene, and 1800C for polyvinylidene fluoride. X-ray structural studies of the fluoropolymers confirmed the assumption that increasing their processing temperature within the studied intervals leads to improved physical and mechanical properties due to changes in the structure of the polymers (increased crystallinity). The optimal pressing pressure for the investigated fluoropolymers was determined through studies of their main physical and mechanical properties, and it was established to be 40 MPa for fluoropolymers based on the copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene with ethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.
Thermodynamics of the reactive phase formation of the binder of the CoO–BaO–Al2O3 system for electromagnetic radiation protection
Authors:   Scientific-Research Institution ", Tsapko N.S. ,   Ukrainian Scientific-Research Institute of Ecological Problems",   ,, Shabanova G.N. ,   National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute", Logvinkov S.M. ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: September 2024

The article discusses the physicochemical basis for the production of barium aluminate binders, supplemented with compounds and solid solutions including cobalt oxide. The results of calculating the temperature dependence of Gibbs free energy are presented for model reactions simulating all possible variants of two-phase equilibria in the CoO–BaO–Al2O3 system. Using thermodynamic analysis, the stability of the terminals of the above system is established, which makes it possible to triangulate it. The complete subsolidus structure is presented, as well as the geometric and topological characteristics of the CoO–BaO–Al2O3 system and its phases. The presented results of thermodynamic analysis of solid-phase reactions involving barium aluminates and cobalt-containing oxides allow comparing the paths of reaction phase formation of binders from various ingredients. The article substantiates the possibility of effectively modifying barium-aluminum binders with waste cobalt catalysts on corundum supports. These circumstances make it possible to justify the choice of raw materials at a qualitative level, and, in combination with calculated data on the geometrostatistical characteristics of the subsolidus structure of the CoO–BaO–Al2O3 system, to obtain technologically important information about the features of dosage and mixing of components when fabricating the binder. The results of this study allow reducing the number of long-duration and labor-intensive experiments to obtain a modified binder with a target set of characteristics.
ОЦІНКА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ДЕРЖАВНИХ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ ПОСЛУГ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ
Authors: ГАЩУК Ірина , ТРАСКОВЕЦЬКА Лілія , ВАЛЬЧУК Ольга
Published: September 2024

Роботу присвячено важливій темі наукового обґрунтування вибору найбільш ефективних державних електронних послуг в умовах воєнного стану. Останнім часом гостро постає проблема підвищення взаємодії органів безпеки і оборони у сфері якісного надання державних адміністративних послуг в умовах воєнного стану. Одним зі шляхів вирішення цієї проблеми є використання державних електронних послуг. Передові держави світу мають великий досвід надання державних адміністративних послуг в електронному вигляді. Україна ж, унаслідок необхідності роботи державних інституцій в умовах воєнного стану, може доповнити його своїм унікальним досвідом. У роботі автори розглянули загальні та правові аспекти надання електронних послуг загалом і застосунку “Дія” зокрема. Функціонування електронних послуг обов’язково повинно базуватися на принципах законності, доступності, конфіденційності та гуманізму. Нині в Україні створені Єдиний державний портал з надання адміністративних послуг, кабінет електронних сервісів, мобільний застосунок “Дія”. Аналізувалися такі послуги застосунку “Дія”: допомога армії, мапа пунктів незламності, обмін лампочок, COVID-сертифікати, військові облігації, армія дронів, єВідновлення, послуги для ВПО, допомога по безробіттю, штрафи. Для аналізу та формування висновків використовувався метод експертних оцінок. Експертами були вибрані курсанти НАДПСУ, які мали досвід користування цим застосунком і відповідали іншим вимогам до експертів. Для автоматичного оброблення результатів дослідження за методом експертних оцінок використовувався авторський програмний продукт. Група експертів вважає найбільш ефективними послуги: для ВПО та єВідновлення, які призначені для того, щоби повідомити про пошкоджене внаслідок воєнних дій майно, подати заяву на виплату компенсацій, а також для допомоги внутрішньо переміщеним особам. Ці висновки можуть бути враховані творцями та всіма користувачами застосунку “Дія”, а також в інших видах державних електронних послуг.
ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ТЕХНІЧНИХ УМОВ ДЛЯ ПРОЄКТУВАННЯ ОКОПУ НА ВІДДІЛЕННЯ ІЗ ЗАЛІЗОБЕТОННИХ І МЕТАЛЕВИХ КОНСТРУКЦІЙ ПРОМИСЛОВОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА
Authors: ХАРУН Олег , ДЕМІДЧИК Федір , МИХАЙЛИШИН Орест , БОМБЕРГЕР Валентин , КІРЕТОВ Віталій
Published: September 2024

У статті на основі аналізу дій прикордонних підрозділів під час проведення антитерористичної операції, операції Об`єднаних сил та активної фази російсько-української війни 2022–2023 років, керівних документів ДПСУ та ЗСУ з фортифікаційного обладнання, стандартів і настанов НАТО щодо підвищення живучості та безпеки військ здійснено аналіз особливостей фортифікаційного обладнання опорних пунктів прикордонних підрозділів. Фортифікаційне обладнання є однією з найбільш складних і важливих завдань інженерної підтримки, воно проводиться в будь-яких умовах обстановки, безперервно, з максимальним використанням захисних і маскувальних властивостей місцевості, місцевих матеріалів, інженерної техніки, зарядів вибухових речовин, результатом стає значне підвищення ефективності застосування вогневих засобів і захисту військ. Спираючись на отриманні результати дослідження, розроблено основні технічні умови щодо обладнання окопу на відділення прикордонного підрозділу з залізобетонних та металевих конструкцій промислового виробництва. Положення, викладені у цьому дослідженні, необхідні для розробки робочих проєктів опорних пунктів прикордонних підрозділів із залізобетонних і металевих конструкцій промислового виробництва. Їх необхідно застосовувати творчо, з урахуванням тактичної та оперативної обстановки, фізико-географічних та погодно-кліматичних умов. Російсько-українська війна, що триває, вимагає постійного удосконалення засобів та способів підвищення живучості та безпеки підрозділів з урахуванням подальшого розвитку тактики збройної боротьби.
АНАЛІЗ ДОРОЖНЬО-ТРАНСПОРТНИХ ПРИГОД І СИНТЕЗ ФАКТОРІВ РИЗИКУ ПІДСИСТЕМИ “ВОДІЙ – МАШИНА”
Authors: П’ЯТКОВ Максим , ЧИЖ Олег , ГНАТЮК Олександр , СМОЛІНСЬКИЙ Юрій
Published: September 2024

Особливе місце серед травматизму та загибелі людей у світі посідають дорожньо-транспортні пригоди (надалі – ДТП). На жаль, статистика ДТП в Україні за останні роки суттєво погіршилась. Учені фіксують вплив кількості дорожньо-транспортних пригод на макроекономічні показники держави. Зокрема, за статистикою, 75 % смертей у світі відбуваються серед людей працездатного віку (18–59 років). В Україні цей показник становить 90 %. Це спричинює значні економічні збитки для окремих осіб, їхніх сімей та країн через витрати на лікування та втрату продуктивності тих, хто вмирає або стає інвалідом, а також часу, який члени сімей постраждалих мають приділяти догляду за ними. Дорожньо-транспортні пригоди обходяться країні приблизно в 3 % ВВП. Для протидії зростанню негативної статистики ДТП у державі необхідно постійно аналізувати причини і фактори впливу для локалізації їх впливу в майбутньому. Дорожньо-траснпортним пригодам сприяють багато причин і факторів, такі як швидка урбанізація, низька безпека дорожнього руху, стан доріг, незадовільна робота правоохоронних органів, абстрактне або втомлене водіння, вживання алкогольних, психотропних речовин, перевищення швидкості, а також відсутність ременів засобів безпеки. Ця стаття має на меті проаналізувати основні види ДТП з причин, що призводять до травмування та загибелі людей, оцінити зміни статистичних даних за останні роки та виокремити основні фактори ризику, що впливають на кількість смертей та травмованих у дорожньо-транспортних пригодах у підсистемі “Водій – машина”. Проаналізовано статистику ДТП в Україні за 2022–2023 роки на основі даних офіційного сайту Патрульної поліції України та реєстраційних дій з транспортними засобами відповідно до даних офіційного сайту ГСЦ МВС. У цій статті ми заглибимося в різні причини дорожньо-транспортних пригод, досліджуючи все – від помилок людини до факторів навколишнього середовища.
Dean's Message
Authors: Russell Judith
Published: September 2024

A welcome message for the Fall 2024 issue of SOURCE, from Dean Judith Russell. Also included is the imprint page, table of contents, and back cover.