bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pressure drops during the flow of solutions of cocamidopropyl betaine and cocamide DEA mixtures with the addition of ethylene glycol
Authors: Sylwia Różańska , Jacek Różański , Patrycja Wagner , Ewelina Warmbier
Published: December 2022

The paper presents the results of experimental studies on pressure drops during the flow of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) and DEA cocamide solutions with the addition of ethylene glycol. The degree of drag reduction during the flow of the CAPB/DEA aqueous solution and with the 10% addition of ethylene glycol was similar. A significant reduction in pressure drops was also observed at the 20% concentration of ethylene glycol. However, the increase in the concentration of ethylene glycol resulted in the reduction of flow resistance at higher temperatures. The resistance of the micellar microstructure of CAPB/DEA solutions to mechanical degradation depends strongly on the pH level. Significant changes in flow properties were observed when the initial pH was alkaline. The solution with initial pH close to neutral was stable over time, though reduced resistance to degradation with time was also observed.
Representations of Communism among Romanian Teenagers: A Research Note
Authors: Gheorghiţă Andrei
Published: December 2022

A long time after the 1989 regime change, teenagers’ representations of the communist past are entirely a matter of political socialization. In the absence of any direct experience with the former regime, their perspective on Communism is expected to develop exclusively in relation to school, family, mass media or other agents of socialization. This research note explores the Romanian teenagers’ representations of the communist past based on survey data collected on a sample of 5,861 students enrolled in 86 schools across the entire country in 2010. A form of ‘second-hand’ nostalgia for Communism is identified among many of the teenagers investigated, regarded as an outcome of socialization in relation to family and school. Positive representations of the communist past appear to be facilitated by a lower socio-economic status, lower education, and the absence of travelling abroad experiences.
Optimal allocation for equal probability two-stage design
Authors: Molefe Wilford
Published: December 2022

This paper develops optimal designs when it is not feasible for every cluster to be represented in a sample as in stratified design, by assuming equal probability two-stage sampling where clusters are small areas. The paper develops allocation methods for two-stage sample surveys where small-area estimates are a priority. We seek efficient allocations where the aim is to minimize the linear combination of the mean squared errors of composite small area estimators and of an estimator of the overall mean. We suggest some alternative allocations with a view to minimizing the same objective. Several alternatives, including the area-only stratified design, are found to perform nearly as well as the optimal allocation but with better practical properties. Designs are evaluated numerically using Switzerland canton data as well as Botswana administrative districts data.
Parasite Prevalence Oodinium sp. in Cantang Hybrid Grouper Cultivated in Recirculating Aquaculture System
Authors: Widiartini Kadek Leni , Antara Kadek Lila , Mahardika Ketut , Setiabudi Gede Iwan
Published: December 2022

The aims of this study were to determine clinical symptoms, mortality, prevalence, and histopathology of Cantang hybrid grouper fish infected with Oodinium sp. on the Cantang. The study was conducted by direct observation of clinical symptoms, calculating the number of fish mortality, and measuring the quality of water in the tank using the Cantang. While histopathology was conducted in the laboratory using 10 samples of sick fish with an average total length of 10.6 ± 0.69 cm and a weight of 18.6 ± 1.77 g. The results showed that the fish seen swimming weakly on the surface of the water near aeration or standing still at the bottom of the tub, decreased appetite, had pale or darker body color, and were thin. Observation of skin and gill mucus under a microscope showed the presence of ectoparasites Oodinium sp. in massive quantities in almost every gill sheet. The mortality of fish infected with Oodinium sp. in the Cantang of 26.84±3.9%, with a prevalence of 49.59%. Histopathologically the gill lamellae of fish infected with Oodinium sp. shows the occurrence of hyperplasia which causes the union of several gill lamellae.
The Effect of Reduce Salinity on Behavior and Stress Response in Vannamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Rum Edita , Jasmanindar Yudiana , Lukas Ade Yulita Hesti
Published: December 2022

One of the parameters that play an important role in the success of vannamei shrimp cultivation is salinity. This study aims to determine the effect of decreasing salinity on the behavior and stress response of vannamei shrimp. The test animals used were vannamei shrimp, which were in logs with an average weight of 4.6 – 6.3g. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with different salinity reduction treatments in each maintenance medium, namely Treatment A without decreasing salinity, Treatment B decreasing salinity 2 ppt per 6 hours for 24 hours, Treatment C decreasing salinity 2 ppt per 4 hours for 24 hours, Treatment D decreased salinity 2 ppt per 2 hours for 24 hours, each treatment was repeated 3 times. Blood glucose was measured after the decrease in salinity and on the last day of the study. Blood glucose collection was carried out at the fifth swimming leg on white shrimp using a 1 ml syringe that had been rinsed using Na Citrate with the aim that the blood glucose taken did not clot quickly. The results showed a decrease in salinity caused by shrimp stress. The concentration of vannamei shrimp blood glucose increased (13.66 – 52.37mg/dl). Treatment D was the best glucose concentration to suppress blood glucose concentrations (13.66mg/dl). Based on the data analysis of blood glucose concentration (p<0.05) it continued with the real difference test. Vannamei shrimp behavior during salinity reduction showed a response that was not different from all treatments. Salinity 6 ppt is good salinity in the process of suppressing blood glucose concentrations when changes in water salinity occur.
The Relationship between Fiscal Policy and Civil Liberty on Per capita GDP in Indonesia during 1980-2018
Authors: Sari Vita Kartika , Cahyadin Malik
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Fiscal policy has a contribution to community welfare. Many empirical findings explained the relationship between the fiscal component and per capita income. In addition, civil liberty is a driving factor in economic life. Thus, this study estimated the relationship between fiscal policy and civil liberty on Per capita GDP in Indonesia during 1980-2018. The VAR and Bayesian VAR estimation models were selected and relevant to the a-theoretic economic variables. The empirical findings showed that the tax ratio contributed significantly to inhibit the increase in Per capita GDP, barriers to parties resulted in damaging Per capita GDP, but access to justice improved Per capita GDP. Thus, the Indonesian government should be able to encourage fiscal allocations for strategic and productive programs. In addition, the Indonesian government should also protect and guarantee civil liberties in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.

Key words: government expenditure, tax ratio, external debt, civil liberty, Per capita GDP

JEL Classification: E01, E02,  E62, H63
The Effect of Banks and Cooperatives in Improving Welfare
Authors: Dwiputri Inayati Nuraini , Prastiwi Lustina Fajar , Agustin Grisvia
Published: December 2022

The use of cooperative credit in Indonesia is considered one of Indonesia's supporting economies. Generally, banks in Indonesia have a lower interest rate than cooperative loans. This study wants to identify the impact of cooperative credit on public welfare compared to bank loans. This study uses Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS) data with a regression analysis of fixed-effect methods at the village level. The results showed that the role of cooperative and bank credit did not have a significant difference in improving people's welfare. Cooperatives have an essential role in improving people's welfare as well as the bank. The higher the amount of credit taken; the more positive effect is on improving people's welfare. The use of credit for productive purposes also has a more positive influence on improving people's welfare than consumer credit.
AFFECTING FACTORS TRANS LAND FUNCTION IN BALI
Authors: Sudemen I Wayan , Darma Ketut
Published: December 2022

Agricultural land conversion is one of the phenomena of changing agricultural land become non-agricultural as a result of development carried out by the government, private and public that alone. Destination in study this is identify factors that influence land use change in Province Bali. This study uses a quantitative approach using analytical tools panel data regression which is a combination of time series or time series data and cross section data. The results showed that The occurrence of conversion of paddy fields in regencies/cities in Bali Province is influenced by by total population, GDP per Capita and share Agriculture to GRDP. It turns out development total population whose influence significant with level real 95% (? = 5%), moderate which other non-significant .
SOCIAL AND FINANCIAL EFFICIENCY OF LEMBAGA PERKREDITAN DESA
Authors: Baskara IGde Kajeng , Suarjaya AnakAgung Gede
Published: December 2022

Efficiency in managing microfinance institutions in villages has an impact upon the social economic level within village communities. Other than that of efficiency in financial performance, efficiency in social performance has gained significant amount of attention.  Village Credit Institution or Lembaga Perkreditan Desa (LPD) is considered a Microfinance Institution or  Lembaga Keuangan Mikro (LKM) that is based on Balinese village culture in Bali, Indonesia. This research will measure the efficiency of financial and social performances of 38 of the largest Village Credit Institution in Bali that have assets accumulated above 100 Billion Rupiah. The measurement for the efficiencies performance will utilize a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model in which analyzes the total assets, operational costs and the number of employees as part of the input and operational income, the number of loans, the number of savings and social performances as part of output. The results of this research can show that social and financial performance in Bali having efficient management.
The General Allocation Fund (DAU) Formulation Policy: Incentives or Disincentives to the Fiscal Independence of Local Governments
Authors: Haribowo Kun , Wihastuti Latri
Published: December 2022

The implementation of fiscal decentralization in Indonesia is expected to improve economic welfare for the people in the regions because it can bring the government closer to the community in providing public services according to people's preferences. As a consequence of decentralization, the central government provides transfer funds to local governments. The amount of transfer funds to local governments is around thirty percent of total National Budget (APBN), excluding central expenditure funds allocated to regions. Central government expect the fiscal dependence of local governments to be reduced. In fact, since regional autonomy was implemented in 2001 until 20 years later, regional independence has never been achieved. Ratio of local revenues (Pendapatan Asli Daerah,PAD) to total revenues in Regional Budget (APBD) ranged from 36.8 percent in Java to only 6.1 percent in Maluku and Papua., the rest still expects transfer funds from the central government. It is suspected that regional independence is closely related to the formulation of the General Allocation Fund (Dana Alokasi Umum, DAU) where PAD is a component of reducing DAU in the formulation. It can be seen from this formulation that the central government has ambiguous policies. On the one hand, it punishes local governments whose PAD efforts are high by providing a smaller DAU, but on the other hand they hope that the regional fiscal dependence will be decrease through an increase in PAD. When there is a view that the effort to collect local taxes is not an important factor for the regions, the regions will prefer to receive a higher DAU rather than increasing their tax collection effort but reducing the DAU. This study will try to analyze the efforts of local governments and will examine the data on variables related to the DAU whether it is consistent with its formulation. Through Weight Least Square (WLS) analysis which is more suitable for heteroscedasticity data that may arise from the diversity of data between regions, this study will see whether the DAU formulation becomes an incentive or disincentive for regional fiscal independence through increasing PAD. The results showed that the PAD variable had a negative relationship with DAU. This means that the DAU formula actually becomes a disincentive for regions to increase their PAD. The greater the PAD, the smaller the DAU received by the local government. Review this policies or reformulate the DAU formulation in accordance with the principles of local government fiscal independence need to be implemented immediately.
Welfare of Employment and Unemployment Due to Covid-19 in Gianyar Regency
Authors: Itarini Ni Made , Yuliarmi Ni Nyoman , Marhaeni A.A. I.N
Published: December 2022

Workers always want sustainable prosperity. The Ministry of Manpower uses the Employment Development Index (EDI) to measure the success of labor development. The EDI indicator which has decreased from 2019-2020 is the welfare indicator caused by Covid-19 beginning of 2020. The purpose of this study is to analyze effect the level of health, creativity, and networking on productivity and welfare, and examine the levels of health, creativity, and networking with productivity that affect on the welfare of employment and unemployment due to Covid-19 in Gianyar Regency. This research uses primary data collected under the accidental sampling method combined with snowball sampling. The analysis technique used is Partial Least Square analysis. The results showed that the level of health, creativity, and networking had a positive and significant effect on productivity and welfare, and productivity mediates effect the level of health, creativity, and networking on welfare of employment and unemployment due to Covid-19 in Gianyar Regency.
THE EFFECT UNEMPLOYMENT, EDUCATION AND THE NUMBER OF POPULATION ON THE POVERTY LEVEL IN BALI
Authors: Loka Riska Dyah Puspita
Published: December 2022

Poverty is a condition involving the inability to meet economic prosperity as a minimum requirement of a certain standard of living. This study aims to analyze simultaneously and partially the effect of unemployment, education and population on the poverty level in the regency/city of Bali Province, as well as to analyze the variables with the dominant contribution in reducing poverty levels. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear analysis. The results of the analysis show that unemployment, education and population simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the poverty level in the regency/city of Bali Province in the 2015-2020 period. The results show that unemployment and the population has a positive and significant effect on the poverty level, education has a negative and significant effect on the poverty level. The population has a dominant influence on the poverty level in regency/city in Bali Province in the 2015-2020.
Pengaruh Rasio Bahan:Pelarut dan Waktu Ekstraksi dengan Gelombang Mikro terhadap Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Kopi Robusta Sebagai Sumber Antioksidan
Authors: Sukma Gek Ulan , Putra G. P. Ganda , Wrasiati L. P.
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh rasio bahan dengan pelarut dan waktu ekstraksi dengan gelombang mikro serta mendapatkan rasio bahan dengan pelarut dan waktu ekstraksi terbaik yang dapat menghasilkan ekstrak etanol kulit buah kopi robusta sebagai sumber antioksidan. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktorial yang dikelompokkan menjadi 2 kelompok berdasarkan waktu pelaksanaan dan terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah rasio bahan:pelarut yang terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 1:20 ; 1:30; 1:40. Faktor kedua yaitu waktu ekstraksi yang  terdiri dari 3 taraf yaitu 5, 10, dan 15 menit. Data dianalisis dengan analisis varian dan dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio bahan dengan pelarut dan waktu ekstraksi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap rendemen, total fenolik, dan aktivitas antioksidan (IC50). Interaksi antar perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dan total flavonoid. Interaksi total fenolik berpengaruh nyata, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen ekstrak etanol kulit buah kopi robusta. Perlakuan terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah rasio 1:30 dengan waktu ekstraksi selama 10 menit menggunakan gelombang mikro dengan karakteristik rendemen sebesar 8,86 ± 0,08%, total fenol sebesar 8,55 ± 0,13 mg GAE/g ekstrak, total flavonoid sebesar 6,87 ± 0,12 mg QE/g ekstrak, dan aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) sebesar 102,06 ± 0,14 ppm ekstrak.
PENGARUH VARIASI PENAMBAHAN GLUTARALDEHID DAN GLISEROL TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK HIDROGEL KITOSAN
Authors: Nautillus I made Mateo , Arnata I Wayan , Mahaputra Wijaya I Made
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penambahan glutaraldehid sebagai zat pengikat silang dan gliserol sebagai plasticizer untuk menghasilkan hidrogel kitosan dengan karakteristik terbaik. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok faktorial dengan tiga faktor perlakuan yaitu penambahan glutaraldehid (1gr , 2gr, dan 3gr b/b) dan penambahan gliserol (1gr, 2gr, dan 3gr b/b). Variabel yang diamati adalah ketebalan, adsorpsi, kekuatan tarik, dan perpanjangan putus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan glutaraldehid dan gliserol berpengaruh nyata terhadap ketebalan, adsorpsi, kekuatan tarik, dan pemanjangan hidrogel kitosan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, karakteristik terbaik dari hidrogel kitosan-glutaraldehid-gliserol ditunjukkan dengan penambahan 3 gr glutaraldehid dan 1 gr gliserol, yaitu nilai ketebalan 0,288±0,005, adsorpsi 1403,13±200,51, kuat tarik 1,49±0,03, 26,64±0,21 perpanjangan putus.
PENGARUH SUHU DAN LAMA BLANSIR TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK BUBUK BUNGA KENOP (Ghomprena glo-bosa L)
Authors: Evitasari Cesarini Luh Putu Ayu , Wartini Ni Made , Wrasiati Luh Putu
Published: December 2022

Bunga kenop merupakan salah satu bunga yang mempunyai kandungan betasianin yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai pewarna alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu dan lama blansir terhadap karakteristik bubuk bunga kenop (Ghomprena globosa L.) dan menemukan suhu dan lama blansir terbaik untuk karakteristik bubuk bunga kenop. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama  adalah suhu (S) yang terdiri dari 3 taraf, yaitu 70, 80, dan 90?C. Faktor kedua adalah lama blansir (L) yang terdiri dari 3 taraf, yaitu 1. 3 dan 5 menit. Setiap perlakuan dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali sehingga mendapatkan 18 unit percobaan. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan analisis ragam dan apabila diperoleh hasil yang berpengaruh nyata terhadap variabel yang diamati, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Tukey dengan taraf signifikan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu blansir berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air, kadar total betasianin dan tingkat kecerahan (L*), namun tidak berpengaruh pada kapasitas antioksidan, tingkat kemerahan (a*), serta tingkat kekuningan (b*). Perlakuan lama blansir hanya berpengaruh terhadap tingkat kecerahan (L*) saja dan tidak berpengaruh pada kadar air, kadar total betasianin, kapasitas antioksidan, tingkat kemerahan (a*), serta tingkat kekuningan (b*). Perlakuan suhu blansir 80?C dengan lama blansir 3 menit, merupakan perlakuan terbaik dalam menghasilkan bubuk bunga kenop dengan karakteristik kadar air sebesar 12,26 %, kadar total betasianin sebanyak 99,87 mg/100g, kapasitas antioksidan sebesar 388,21 mg/g, tingkat kecerahan (L*) 25,14, tingkat kemerahan (a*) 11,24, dan tingkat kekuningan (b*) 13,06.
Pemasaran Produk Kecantikan Melalui Digital Marketing Pada Saat Pandemi Covid 19 (Studi Kasus: UMKM UD. Bungan Jepun)
Authors: Lebo Wini Elisabeth Hungaria , Wiranatha A. A. P. A. S. , Satriawan I K.
Published: December 2022

This study was motivated by the effects of the covid 19 pandemic in which it caused UMKM UD. Bungan Jepun suffered a severe economic crisis. To overcome this, UMKM UD. Bungan Jepun implements digital marketing as a marketing medium for beauty products. This study was aimed to determine the implementation of digital marketing, to find out what are the most dominant variables that affect marketing of beauty product and to find out what digital marketing variables affect the marketing effectiveness of UMKM UD. Bungan Jepun. The number of respondents were obtained using the slovin method from a population of 300 and an error rate of 10% so as to produce 75 respondents. The data analysis method used descriptive statistical analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and hypothesis testing (t). Digital marketing applied by UMKM UD. Bungan Jepun, namely through: Facebook (UD. Bungan Jepun), Instagram (bungan. jepun), Website (Ud. Bungan Jepun), WhatsApp (0813-3779-0279), Shopee (Bungan Jepun UD) and Tokopedia (Ud. Bungan Jepun). The results of descriptive statistical analysis showed that the responses from 75 respondents on average all had a strongly agree rating where the highest value was the Shopee indicator with an average of 4.67 and a standard deviation of 0.671. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that of the 11 indicators of implementing beauty product marketing through digital marketing (Facebook (X1), Instagram (X2), Website (X3), WhatsApp (X4), Shopee (X5), Tokopedia (X6), Attention (Y1), Interest (Y2), Search (Y3), Action (Y4) and Share (Y5)) each form 1 factor. The results of hypothesis testing show that there are 13 variables X (digital marketing) that partially affect the Y variable (marketing effectiveness) and there are 17 X variables (digital marketing) that do not partially affect the Y variable (marketing effectiveness).

 

Keywords: digital marketing, covid 19 pandemic
PENGARUH KOMBINASI TWEEN 80 DAN SPAN 80 SEBAGAI EMULSIFIER PADA ENKAPSULASI EKSTRAK BUNGA KENIKIR MENGGUNAKAN GUM ARAB
Authors: Anggraeni Ida Ayu Bela , Wartini Ni Made , Suhendra Lutfi
Published: December 2022

The study aimed to know the effect of the combination of tween 80 and span 80 on the encapsulating characteristics of kenikir flower dye extract and determine the best combination of tween 80 and span 80 to produce encapsulated kenikir flower dye extract. This study using a simple Group Randomized Design with a combination treatment of tween 80 with span 80, to archive HLB values of 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13. Each treatment is carried out 3 times so that 18 units are obtained. The data obtained is analyzed with variety analysis and if there is an effect of treatment on the observed variables, then continued with Tukey. The result showed that the combination of tween 80 and span 80 as an emulsifier using arabic gum had a noticeable effect on yield, solubility, encapsulation efficiency, moisture content total carotenoids, surface carotenoids, L* values (brightness), a* (reddish) and b*(yellowish) values. The combination of tween 80 0.23 g and span 0.27 g produces encapsulating of kenikir flower extract with the best characteristics, namely: yield 84.95%, moisture content 5.53%, solubility 71.68%, total carotenoids 159.47%, surface carotenoids 1.26%, encapsulation efficiency 99.99%, L* values (brightness) 43.55, a* (redness) values 19.76, and b* (yellowish) values 30.61.
DETERMINATION OF FERMENTATION LENGTH AND INITIAL pH OF MEDIA IN PRODUCING ETHANOL BY BM1-CP14
Authors: Pranidhani Ida Ayu Somya Iswari , Wijaya I Made Mahaputra , Suwariani Ni Putu
Published: December 2022

This study aims to determine the optimum duration of fermentation and the best initial pH of the growth medium BM1-CP14 isolates in order to producing ethanol. In this study, 5 treatments of fermentation time (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days) combined with 3 initial pH treatments of the fermentation medium (4, 5, and 6) were conducted. This research was carried out in several step, namely cell rejuvenation, propagation of BM1-CP14 isolates, fermentation, distillation, and calculation of total ethanol. The best fermentation duration was found to be 10 days with difference of total dissolved solid 1.07 (?%brix) yielded total ethanol of 5.08 mL. In the initial pH treatment, the media produced total ethanol at pH 4 of 5.15 mL, pH 5 of 5.17 mL and pH 6 of 5.16 mL. The pH treatment of BM1-CP14 bacteria was found to have no effect due to the total ethanol produced was almost similar.
Efisiensi Biaya dengan Sistem PDCA Menggunakan Metode Quality control circle (QCC) di PT. XYZ Kabupaten Sidoarjo
Authors: Asiyah Dewi , Amilia Winda , Wiyono Andi Eko , Suryaningrat Ida Bagus , Wibowo Yuli
Published: December 2022

The rapidly increasing business world demands that every company has the ability to compete. The policy in order to keep the company's smoking stable is to control production costs. PT. XYZ is an international manufacturing company that produces chocolate powder with several production processes in it. The decline in sales that occurred in PT. XYZ resulted in decreased company costs. In this problem, it is necessary to make improvements for PT. XYZ in order to obtain a solution to stabilize the company's production costs. The method used in this study is Quality Control Circle (QCC) with the application of the PDCA system. The results showed that the purchase of 2 ply paper bag packaging (PB2PL) is one of the activities that affect production costs with the largest expenditure in PT. XYZ. The improvement made is by applying PB2PL reuse. PB2PL is packaging used to package semi-finished materials, so that PB2PL can be reused which will provide benefits in terms of cost. The target of purchasing PB2PL after repairs is from 9,818 pcs to 3,500 pcs per month. Analysis of potential cost efficiency obtained by the first reuse of RP.47,859,052 per month, the second reuse of IDR 38,708,676 per month and the third reuse of IDR 29,558,300 per month. Analysis of potential costs with the application of the target is Rp. 30,798,617 per month. Application of PB2PL reuse in PT. XYZ for two months provided a cost efficiency of Rp.96,891,759. So that the problem would not occur again in the future, standardization was made in the form of a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) reuse PB2PL.
Perancangan Bilah Tipe Taperless dengan Menggunakan Airfoil S2046
Authors: Ardiansyah Yogi , Gusniar LIwan Nugraha , Oleh Oleh
Published: December 2022

Krisis kebutuhan energi mendorong masyarakat global untuk mengatasi dominasi pembangkit sumber energi berbahan bakar fosil. Salah satu upaya yang dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan sumber energi baru terbarukan yang dinilai memiliki sumber energi yang akan terus terbaharui. PT Lentera Bumi Nusantara terletak di pesisir Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Tasikmalaya merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang telah berhasil mengembangkan pembangkit listrik tenaga bayu skala mikro The Sky Dancer 500. Dengan jenis desain bilah yang digunakan oleh TSD 500, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain dan mengetahui karakteristik desain bilah dengan jenis NACA airfoil S2046. Dalam melakukan perancangan, digunakan metode studi literatur, pemilihan airfoil, menganalisis hasil simulasi performa airfoil, menentukan desain NACA airfoil yang terbaik dan dilakukan finalisasi dengan menggambar desain bilah dari NACA yang telah dianalisis. Perancangan dilakukan dengan menggunakan data kecepatan angin maksimum di PT LBN sebesar 12 m/s. Perancangan dan simulasi performa dilakukan menggunakan software Qblade dengan membandingkan hasil dari desain perancangan bilah menggunakan NACA airfoil S2046. Diperoleh hasil perangan dan simulasi NACA airfoil S2046 memiliki karakteristik titik TSR puncak pada 5.0.

The energy demand crisis has pushed the global community to overcome the dominance of fossil fuel energy sources. One of the efforts made is by utilizing new renewable energy sources which are considered to have energy sources that will continue to be renewed. PT Lentera Bumi Nusantara located on the southern coast of Tasikmalaya Regency is one of the companies that has succeeded in developing a micro-scale wind power plant The Sky Dancer 500. With the type of blade design used by the TSD 500, this study aims to design and determine the resulting performance. of blade designs with different NACA airfoil types. In doing the design, the literature study method was used, airfoil selection, analyzed the results of the airfoil performance simulation, determined the best NACA airfoil design and finalized it by drawing the blade design of the analyzed NACA. The design is carried out using maximum wind speed data at PT LBN of 12 m/s. The design and performance simulation was carried out using Qblade software by comparing the results of the blade design using the NACA airfoil S2046. The results of the design and simulation of NACA airfoil S2046 have an efficiency value of 49%.
Analisis Energi – Eksergi Penambahan SRO pada Sistem Exhaust Mesin Diesel Dual Fuel
Authors: Wirawan Jhony Langgeng Baruna , Kusuma I Gusti Bagus Wijaya , Adyana I Wayan Bandem
Published: December 2022

Penambahan sistem SRO pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Diesel Gas merupakan salah satu upaya untuk memanfaatkan panas sisa dari gas buang mesin diesel. Analisis penambahan sistem SRO ini dilakukan dalam simulasi menggunakan software Aspen Plus®. Model yang digunakan dalam SRO ini adalah SRO sederhana, SRO WHRPG, dan SRO dengan recuperator. Penambahan SRO diharapkan mampu meningkatkan energi listrik yang dihasilkan, efisiensi, dan menurunkan temperatur gas buang mesin diesel. Kinerja sistem dianalisis untuk keseimbangan energi dan eksergi. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan peningkatan performa pada PLTDG setelah dikombinasikan dengan SRO WHRPG. Daya listrik yang dihasilkan adalah 15.158,07 kW dengan efisiensi energi sebesar 36,35% dan efisiensi eksergi sebesar 33,17%. Dengan penambahan WHRPG SRO juga dapat menurunkan temperatur gas buang hingga 532,14 K.

The addition of an SRO system in a diesel-gas power plant is one of the efforts to utilize the residual heat from diesel engine exhaust gas. The analysis of the addition of this SRO system was carried out in a simulation using the Aspen Plus® software. The models used in this SRO are simple SRO, WHRPG SRO, and SRO with recuperator. The addition of SRO is expected that it can increase the electrical energy generated, efficiency, and reduce the diesel engine exhaust gas temperature. The system performance will be analysed for energy balance and eksergi. In this study, the performance of diesel-gas power plant increased after it was combined with WHRPG SRO. The electrical power produced is 15,158.07 kW with an energy efficiency of 36.35% and an eksergi efficiency of 33.17%. With the addition of WHRPG SRO, it can also reduce the exhaust gas temperature up to 532.14 K.
Studi Kinetika dan Energi Aktivasi pada Proses Pirolisis Makroalga Ulva Lactuca (Selada Laut)
Authors: Arya Darma I Wayan , Tenaya I Gusti Ngurah Putu
Published: December 2022

Energi yang bersumber dari bahan bakar fosil merupakan komoditas penting bagi pembangunan ekonomi dan berkelanjutan. Namun, peningkatan populasi dan industrialisasi telah memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap inflasi permintaan energi secara global yang mengarah pada konsumsi sumber daya energi yang tidak terkendali. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan alternatif pengganti bahan bakar fosil yang terbarukan dan berkelanjutan. Sumber bahan bakar alternatif salah satunya adalah biomassa seperti makroalga Ulva Lactuca yang memiliki kandungan utama protein, karbohidrat dan triasilgliserol dimana melalui teknik pirolisis dapat diproses menjadi bio-oil. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pengujian proses pirolisis makroalga Ulva Lactuca dengan tujuan mengetahui laju kinetika dan besaran energi aktivasinya. Instrumen pada pengujian ini menggunakan Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Ulva Lactuca yang sudah kering dicacah menjadi butiran-butiran halus dengan ukuran mesh 60, selanjutnya dikeringkan dalam oven listrik pada temperatur 1100C selama 4 jam kemudian dilakukan pengujian pada TGA pada heating rate berbeda: 10, 20 dan 30 K.menit-1 dengan temperatur maksimum 1224 K. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dengan metode laju kinetika menggunakan alat uji TGA dapat menentukan besarnya energi aktivasi. Pada pirolisis makroalga Ulva Lactuca menunjukkan energi aktivasi terendah dicapai pada heating rate 20 K.menit-1 dengan nilai 5.508,607 [KJ.mol-1].

Energy sourced from fossil fuels is an important commodity for economic and sustainable development. However, increasing population and industrialization have contributed significantly to global energy demand inflation leading to uncontrolled consumption of energy resources. Therefore, an alternative to renewable and sustainable fossil fuels is needed. One of the alternative fuel sources is the Ulva Lactuca macroalgae biomass which has the main protein content, carbohydrates and triacylglycerol which through pyrolysis techniques such as bio-oil. In this study, the pyrolysis process of Ulva Lactuca was tested with the aim of knowing the kinetics rate and the amount of activation energy. The instrument in this test uses Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). Ulva Lactuca was chopped into fine granules with a mesh size of 60, then dried in an oven at 1100C for 4 hours then tested on TGA at different heating rates: 10, 20 and 30 K.min-1 with maximum temperature 1224 K. The results showed the rate kinetics method using the TGA test could determine the amount of activation energy. In the pyrolysis of Ulva Lactuca, the lowest activation energy was achieved at a heating rate of 20 K.min-1 with a value of 5.508.607 [KJ.mol-1].
Attitude, knowledge, and practices regarding blood glucose control: a survey of intensive care unit professionals
Authors: Alshammri Abdulmajeed , Alabdulwahab Faisal , Altamimi Saif , Alhanafie Hussam
Published: December 2022

Background: Dysglycemia is a frequent and independent risk factor for poor outcomes in critically sick patients. Yet, in Saudi Arabian intensive care units (ICUs), blood glucose (BG) management hasn't gotten much attention. This study was done to assess attitudes, knowledge, and practices regarding BG control among ICU professionals in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among male and female ICU professionals (n = 150, between 25-55 years old) in Saudi Arabia. The study was performed using a self-administrated questionnaire. The questionnaire included years of professional experience and questions about their attitude, knowledge, and practices regarding BG control in the ICU.
Results: A total of 150 questionnaires were enrolled in this study. The age of ICU professionals was 25-55 years old. In the study, when BG levels in non-diabetic individuals exceeded 6.1 mmol/l, 10 mmol/l, and 11.1 mmol/l, respectively, 78, 45, and 12 of the 15 respondents began using insulin. In addition, 78/150 (52.0%) respondents consistently administered a 40 ml 50% glucose solution to treat hypoglycemia, and 91/150 (60.7%) responders recognized BG values 15-30 minutes after glucose infusion. In addition, 58/150 (38.7%) respondents routinely detected BG levels every 1 hour in critically ill patients.
Conclusion: In regards to BG control in ICU physicians, this study concluded the requirement for further training. In addition, according to continuing variation in practice, more clinical trials of BG control in critically ill patients are also needed.
Knowledge about the relationship between smoking and blindness among the population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Bazuhair Muaz , Alfaidi Talal , Shalwala Khalid , Mira Abdulgader , AlGarni Abdulrahman , Albarakati Saleh , Almehmadi Abdulaziz , Alghamdi Nasser , Almuteiri Naif
Published: December 2022

Objective: To assess the level of awareness of visual loss and other smoking-related diseases and their impact on the motivation for smoking cessation among the general population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on the general adult population in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted using a questionnaire and Google Sheets to send the questionnaire to the individuals.
Results: A total of 717 questionnaires were valid for analysis; there were 66.7% males, and 30.1% were in the age range of 18-25 years. There were 24.8% smokers, with 34.8% who smoked for more than 10 years. Around 55.1% participants had high knowledge, whereas 44.9% had insufficient knowledge. The level of knowledge was considerably associated with gender (p = 0.015), smoking status (p = 0.0001), and smoking duration (p = 0.036).
Conclusion: A moderate level of knowledge was found among participants; gender, smoking status, and smoking duration were determinants of the level of knowledge.
SOCIAL AND CULTURAL BASIS IN EDUCATION
Authors: Rafii Muhammad , Permata Sari Defita , Munawaroh Munawaroh
Published: December 2022

This article seeks to explain the social and cultural foundations in the provision of education. Teachers in the learning process are emphasized to understand the social and cultural foundations in interacting with students. However, this has not been implemented optimally at every level of education. On that basis, this research was conducted to reinforce and reconstruct the socio-cultural foundation and its function in the educational process, because of the importance of knowledge and understanding of the socio-cultural aspects of learning. This research uses literature study to obtain information from various sources: books, research reports, and scientific articles that are relevant to the research topic. The results of this study indicate that the social and cultural foundation is the basic foundation that must be understood by every educator and education provider in order to realize learning in accordance with the socio-cultural context of the Indonesian people. The function of the socio-cultural foundation is as a preserver of national and local culture as well as instilling virtue values so that it can form students with character. Thus, it is clear the importance of social and cultural aspects as a foundation in education for both leaders of educational institutions and teaching staff.
PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA MATERI DAUR HIDUP HEWAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL STUDENT TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION (STAD) PADA SISWA KELAS IV SDN NO. 200107 PADANGSIDIMPUAN
Authors: Sabri Sabri Nur Indah , Sari Lili Nur Indah , Dalimunthe Ninda Hartini
Published: December 2022

This study aims to solve the research problem, namely whether there is an increase in Science Learning Outcomes of Animal Life Cycle Materials by Using the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) Model for Class IV Students at SDN No. 20107 Padangsidimpuan, North Padangsidimpuan District, Padangsidimpuan City Regency. The research design used the classroom action research method which contained two cycles. The subjects of this study were students in class IV SDN No. 200107 Padangsidimpuan. Class IV students totaled 20 people. Based on the results of the analysis of the average science value in the Animal Life Cycle material before using the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model, an average of 67.75 was in the "Enough" category. After using the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model, the average in the first cycle was 72.5 in the "High" category, and in the second cycle the average score was 83 in the "Very High" category. From the comparison of the learning outcomes of fourth graders at SD No. 20107 Padangsidimpuan, North Padangsidimpuan District, Padangsidimpuan City Regency, in the first cycle it was 40% and in the second cycle it was 95%. The results showed that the application of the Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) learning model could improve science learning outcomes for Animal Life Cycle material.
Effects of Exercise On Coronary Flow Reserve And Biochemical Parameters in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: GÜZ Göksel , OFLAZ Hüseyin
Published: December 2022

The most important mortality and morbidity causes in diabetic patients are coronary, peripheral and cerebral diseases. The aim of our study was to noninvasively determine dysfunction in epicardial coronary arteries and microvascular circulation with measurement of coronary flow reserve using transthoracic echocardiography in patients with type 2 diabetes despite absence of ischemic symptoms, and to demonstrate the amelioration in endothelial functions, glycemic control and insulin resistance along with increase in coronary flow reserve after 8 weeks of regular exercise. 40 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in Istanbul Facuty of Medicine, Department of Diabetes, who were on follow-up for at least three years due to diabetes, without ischemic symptoms and 20 healthy subjects took part in study. Basal values before exercise of diabetic patients who were included in the exercise program were compared with basal values of diabetic patients who did not exercise regularly. To summarize, regular exercise and physical activity are highly important in diabetic patients for primary and secondary protection against cardiovascular incidents. Physical activity increases insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients, and has many positive effects on glucose metabolism. It is the important way to decrease obesity and visceral fat tissue. There is evidence pointing out that regular exercise can defer or even prevent initiation of diabetes.
Ferric Carboxymaltose Versus Ferrous Glycine Sulfate For Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia and Their Effect On Vitamin B12 And Folic Acid: A Retrospective Study
Authors: ERDEM Mustafa Genco
Published: December 2022

Aim Anemia is a major public health problem, affecting about one-third of the world's population, and is most commonly caused by iron deficiency. Iron deficiency anemia requires oral or intravenous iron replacement therapy. The purpose of this study was to assess the change in several hematological parameters, vitamin B12, and folic acid from baseline to the first month of follow-up following therapy with oral ferrous glycine sulfate or intravenous ferric carboxymaltose.
Methods: All patients who received oral ferrous glycine sulfate or intravenous ferric carboxymaltose for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018, were included in the trial. Along with age and gender information, values of hemoglobin, ferritin, transferrin saturation, mean corpuscular volume, vitamin B12, and folic acid were derived from patients’ records at the beginning of treatment and first month follow-up.
Results: Laboratory values obtained after treatment showed statistically significant improvement in both groups (intra group, p<0.001). When the percentage of change between groups was compared: Percentage-based increases in hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, transferrin saturation and ferritin values were significantly higher in the ferric carboxymaltose group (p<0.001). The percentage decrease in vitamin B12 and folic acid values was higher in the ferric carboxymaltose group (p=0.005 and p=0.01, respectively) when compared with oral ferrous glycine sulfate group.
Conclusions: According to the findings of our study, iron deficiency anemia can be treated very successfully using ferric carboxymaltose; however, it should be remembered that concurrent supplementation of elements such vitamin B12 and folic acid is necessary for the appropriate progression of erythropoiesis.
Evaluation Of Urological Emergency Cases Admitted To Emergency Department
Authors: GÜN Mehmet , ÇAKMAK Fatih , İKİZCELİ İbrahim , ÖZKAN Seda , İPEKCİ Afsin , BİBEROĞLU Serap , AKDENİZ Yonca Senem
Published: December 2022

Aim: Especially in recent years, with the increase in the number of patients admitted to the emergency services the number of urological emergencies is increasing. Some of these require immediate attention. There are not enough studies on urological emergencies in our country. In this study, we aimed to investigate the demographic data of patients over the age of 18 who presented to the emergency department with non-traumatic urological emergency complaints.
Materials and Methods: This study was designed based on a 6-month prospective, cross-sectional study. After obtaining the approval of the ethics committee, patients over the age of 18 with urological emergency complaints were examined between 06.11.2019 and 06.05.2020.
Results: The ratio of urological emergencies to all patients was found to be 1.5%. 56.76% (n: 231) of the patients were male and 43.24% (n = 176) were female. In the study was found 44.7% of the patients to be urinary tract infection, 31.45% renal colic, 8.8% hematuria, 6.88% acute urinary retention. In our study, urology consultation was requested for 19% of urological emergency patients. Emergency intervention was applied to 21.13% of all urological emergency cases. Emergency operation was required for 1.47% of the patients. 10.81% of the patients required hospitalization.
Conclusion: As a result, urological emergencies are common. Among these cases, there may be diseases that require urgent intervention or surgery. It is very important for the patients the emergency physicians who evaluate the patient first to make a careful and meticulous evaluation and to make a urology consultation if necessary.
اتجاهات طلبة قسم الإعلام نحو البرامج الدينية في القنوات الفضائية الكوردية )دراسة ميدانية(
Authors: Rustam Muhamad Wria
Published: December 2022

تهدف هذه الدراسة للتعرف على اتجاهات طلبة قسم الإعلام بجامعه‌ صلاح الدین نحو البرامج الدينية في القنوات الفضائية الكوردية خلال شهر رمضان الكريم، ومعرفة مدى متابعة هذه البرامج من قبل طلبة قسم الإعلام ودوافع اعتمادها٬ ومن اجل تحقيق هذه الاهداف تم الأعتماد على أداة استمارة الأستبيان، لذلك تعتبر هذه الدراسة من الدرسات الوصفية‌، حيث استخدم الباحث المنهج المسحي.
 وقد تضمنت استمارة الاستبيان مجموعة من الأسئلة لقياس تلك الاتجاهات، وتم اختيار عينة من طلبة قسم الإعلام في كلية الآداب بجامعة صلاح الدين قوامها 120مفردة من طلاب وطالبات مرحلة البكالوريوس بجميع مراحلها، ممثلة للمتغيرات الديموغرافية (النوع، العمر، المرحلة الدراسية ).

خلصت الدراسة إلى إفتقار معظم البرامج الدينية إلى المهنیة واللغة الإعلامیة المتمیزة و الخطاب الإعلامي المسؤول، كما نلاحظ أن برامجها لا ترتقي إلى مستوى ما یقدم في هذا الشهر، وتفتقر للإبداع الذي یجب أن یتوفر في تلك البرامج من ناحیة الشكل واللغة الإعلامیة السلیمة والراقیة.