bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of breastfeeding promotions interventions on baby weight at three months of age
Authors: S. Krithika , E. Adarsh , V. Rajanish K.
Published: May 2020

Background: Breastfeeding is common in developing countries, but exclusive breastfeeding is rare, and complementary foods are introduced to babies at an early age. Despite the proven risks associated with not exclusively breastfeeding, few mothers exclusively breastfeed their babies for six months as recommended by the World Health Organization. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of breast-feeding promotion interventions on baby weight at three months of age.Methods: A randomized experimental study was conducted for a period of 6 months from February 2019 till July 2019 in a tertiary care hospital. Weight- for-age (WA) indices have been determined for 95 infants from three to four months of age, participating in this study. They included 49 that started received promotion interventions support after delivery (till 2 weeks) and 46 that received routine care (control group). Collected data were analysed using SPSS software ver.11.5.Results: Weight-for-age indices were significantly lower for the early group than the control group (p=0.012). They suggest that the breast-feeding promotion interventions are very important educational tools to ensure healthy weight gain in infants.Conclusions: There is evidence that breastfeeding for at least 6 months, compared with feeding formula, prevents the possibility of atopic dermatitis, cow’s milk allergy and early childhood wheezing. Poorer nutritional status was significantly associated with earlier complementary feeding. The results suggest that exclusive breastfeeding along with promotion of weaning education should be promoted in India.
Occupational accidents among healthcare workers in a tertiary health facility in Enugu state, South-East Nigeria
Authors: Nwoga Hope O. , Ajuba Miriam O. , Nwankwo Malachy M.
Published: May 2020

Background: The risk of acquiring blood borne infections by healthcare workers (HCWs) in developing countries is accentuated by the high prevalence of blood borne infections, poor provision of personal protective equipment (PPEs), negative socio-cultural factors and poorly maintained healthcare systems. The objective was to determine the prevalence of occupational accidents among HCWs in a tertiary health facility in Enugu state, South-East Nigeria.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study that used mixed method technique. The quantitative data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire while an in-depth interview (IDI) guide was used for the qualitative data. Manual content analysis was done for the qualitative data while the quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 22. The significance level placed at p<0.05.Results: The prevalence of mucous membranes exposure to blood/body fluids were the same in the past 6 and 12 months (22.0%) while the mean number of exposures were 3.93±3.002 and 4.47±4.008 respectively. The prevalence of needle stick or sharps injury in the past 6 and 12 months were 17.0% and 23.0% while the mean numbers of injuries were 2.24±2.001 and 2.48±2.858 respectively. The injuries occurred majorly while recapping needles and breaking injection ampoules. Emergent themes from the IDI were also recapping of needles and breaking of injection ampoules.Conclusions: There is still high prevalence of occupational accidents among the studied HCWs training and re-training of HCWs on the dangers associated with these occupational accidents.
Comparative analysis of quality of life of HIV positive support group and non-support group members in a tertiary hospital in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Okonkwo Adaeze O. , Uzochukwu Benjamin S. C. , Nnebue Chinomnso C.
Published: May 2020

Background: Peer support as a component of chronic disease management strategy is fast gaining prominence especially in resource poor settings. It is apt to X-ray the effects if any, of support group memberships on the quality of life (QoL) of HIV positive clients in our clime. This study aims to determine and compare the QoL of HIV positive support group and non-support group members in a tertiary hospital in Anambra state, Nigeria.Methods: This was an institution based comparative study of 482 HIV positive clients selected using a two-stage sampling. Data were collected by interview using WHOQOLHIV-Bref and semi-structured questionnaire, while data were analysed with statistical package for social sciences version 22.0. Chi square, Pearson chi square and t-test were applied as appropriate to determine statistically significant associations between variables. Level of statistical significance was set at p value of <0.05.Results: Differences between the two comparison groups include: duration of HAART treatment (p=0.003), in the physical domain (p=0.043), psychological domain (p≤0.001), and the level of independence domain (p≤0.001). More of support group members had good QoL in the physical domain (p=0.04,), psychological domain (p=0.001), level of independence domain (p≤0.001) and reported satisfaction with their perceived health status (p=0.000). Clients who were members of support group and those that reported high level of satisfaction with their perceived health status in most domains had higher QoL scores.Conclusions: We recommend continued counselling and health education on the effect of participation in support group and positive perception cum positive living on QoL.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a risk indicator for colorectal cancer
Authors: Ahmed Sabrina , Khandker Salamat , Chowdhury A. B. M. Alauddin , Roby Naym Uddin , Miura Katsuyuki , Ahmed M. S. A. Mansur
Published: May 2020

Background: Worldwide, colorectal cancer is the fourth most common cancer and affects both men and women equally. Increasing evidence suggests that abnormal glucose metabolism may be associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer. The aim of this case control study was to determine the association of colorectal cancer with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2 DM) and other risk factors of colorectal cancer among adult Bangladeshi population.Methods: We included patients of colorectal cancer as cases and the controls were mostly cancer patients other than colorectal cancer and relatives of the patients attending in National Institute of Cancer Research Hospital (NICRH) in Dhaka. Three hundred samples (100 cases and 200 controls) were selected purposively.Results: It was found that in cases 19% participants had T2 DM before colorectal cancer whereas 10.5% participants in controls had similar history. Appropriate statistical analysis reported that cases having T2 DM has 2.86 times higher chance to develop colorectal cancer (OR 2.68, 95% CI: 1.21-5.96) compared to controls. We also got significant inverse association with colorectal cancer with obesity (OR 0.43, 95% CI: 0.19-0.97), positive smoking history (OR 0.32, 95% CI: 0.19-0.60) and low fruits and vegetable intake (OR 0.33, 95% CI: 0.19-0.60).Conclusions: This was a unique study for Bangladesh which showed results consistent with the finding of studies done globally. Therefore, we accept our research hypothesis as T2 DM is a risk indicator for colorectal cancer, however obesity, smoking and less fruits and vegetable intake are also risk factors for colorectal cancer among Bangladeshi population.
Anti-epileptic drugs adherence of epilepsy patients in Indonesia
Authors: Mawuntu Arthur H. P. , Khosama Herlyani , Mahama Corry N. , Sekeon Sekplin A. S. , Winifred Karema
Published: May 2020

Background: Adherence to medication is an important component of successful epilepsy treatment. However, the disease’s long-term treatment makes it difficult to achieve good adherence. This study aimed to assess the adherence level of anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) among adult epilepsy patients in Indonesia and its associated factors.Methods: We reviewed the medical records of epilepsy patients in a tertiary public hospital between September 2018 and August 2019. Subjects were patients who were electro-clinically diagnosed with any type of epilepsy, have been taken at least one AED for at least three months, have a record of Morisky medication adherence scale 8 items (MMAS-8) score, and aged 20 years old and above. The level of adherence was measured by the MMAS-8 Indonesian version.Results: We found 97 eligible subjects and the majority were males (56.7%), unemployed (69.1%), and aged ≥30 years old (55.7%). Most subjects (41.2%) showed a high adherence level. The remaining 30.9% and 27.8% had a moderate and low adherence level respectively.Conclusions: This study reveals that high AEDs adherence is associated with being male, younger than 30 years of age, received monotherapy instead of polytherapy, and no memory impairment. A further investigation related to the reason why these factors play roles in the Indonesian setting is important to design appropriate strategies to improve AEDs adherence of epilepsy patients.
Screening of flour mill workers for respiratory morbidities: a cross-sectional study in rural Bangalore
Authors: P. Seema , Kumar M. Shashi , R. Deepthi
Published: May 2020

Background: Flour mill workers are highly exposed to organic wheat flour dust with a large diversity of antigenic/allergic component leading to respiratory morbidity and skin allergies. This work environment may affect workers health and safety if the effects are unchecked periodically.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 194 workers of 4 flour mills in Bangalore Rural district. Prior permission (factory) and informed consent *(workers) were obtained. Pre-structured interview-schedule was administered. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) readings were measured by using wrights flow meter and best of 3 readings recorded. Respiratory morbidity was assessed on PEFR classification - based on American lung association (ALA) colour coding - red, yellow and green zones. Respiratory morbidity was compared with years of experience, type of work, smoking habits and usage of appropriate PPEs. Data was analyzed using Epi-info 08.Results: Among 194 workers studied, 188 were males, 6 were females. They were in the age group of 15-50 years. 143 (73.7%) were engaged in work with direct dust exposure. 84 (43%) were working for more than 3 years, 50 (25%) between 1-3 years and 60 (30%) for less than a year. 7.2% regularly smoked. According to ALA classification, PEFRs of 71 (36%) of the workers were classified into RED, 91 (46%) to yellow and 32 (16%) to green zones respectively. Usage of PPEs was only among 126 (64%).Conclusions: Respiratory morbidity among flour mill workers was high. Adequate use of PPEs was low. Half of the workers fell into yellow zone that had a potential to fall into red zone if external factors were not considered.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning among reproductive age group women of urban and rural areas of Gadag: a comparison study
Authors: Iti Jannatbi , Mudaraddi Roshan
Published: May 2020

Background: India is the second most populous country in the world 1.311 million (2015). With only 2.4% of the world land area India is supporting 17.5% of the world population. The rampant population growth has been viewed as the greatest obstacle to the economic and social advancement. Reproductive choice is one of the most fundamental rights of a couple. Empowering a woman to control her fertility allows her to complete her education or employment aspirations. Aim and objective of the study was to know the distribution of socio-demographic factors which influence KAP about FP methods among eligible reproductive age group women.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was done from 27 March 2017 to 20 April 2017 in rural and urban areas of Gadag Taluk in women of eligible reproductive age group with a sample size of 560.Results: 25.4% of the women are in the age group of 28-32 years. Majority of the women belonged to Hindu (87.5%) and 11.1% Muslims. Highest proportion of women have completed middle and high school which amounts to 42.3%. and 17.7% were illiterates. 43.6% of the respondents married at the age of 20-24 years, 48.2% of the women were homemakers, 3.6% were professionals and 1.8% were semi-professionals and 23.2% were unskilled.Conclusions: Family planning is the most effective measure to bring control on the population. Knowing the socio-demographic factors which influence the adoption of family planning methods is of utmost importance to plan for birth control and spacing children especially for the policy makers.
Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in males: a cross sectional study in Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Divakar Singh Lal , Prakash Shiv , Parveen Khurshid , Singh Richa
Published: May 2020

Background: A disorder that has no apparent symptoms but later results in serious health problems can pose great threat to the health of people. Hypertension is such a major non communicable disease (NCD) and affects about 20% of the population in most communities. Hypertension has a major hand in causation of coronary artery diseases, stroke and various other vascular complications, and renal disorders. The study was done with objective to assess prevalence of hypertension of male which were ≥30 years in Urban and Rural Prayagraj.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was carried out in Prayagraj District. Study participants were 620 males, 310 urban and 310 rural of age equal or above 30 years and study sampling technique were two stage random sampling. The data was collected by using predesigned, pretested, semi structured questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS 23.0 version.Results: Prevalence of hypertension was 41.13%. A statistically significant association of hypertension was found with hypertension and BMI, lifestyle, salt consumption, dietary preference and amount of vegetable/fruit each.Conclusions: A high prevalence was found in this study when compared with others study. BMI, lifestyle, salt consumption, dietary preference and amount of vegetable were found to be significantly association risk factors for hypertension among males in Allahabad district.
Sleep pattern among the medical students in Western Odisha
Authors: Giri Mamata Rani , Sahoo Arun Kumar
Published: May 2020

Background: Adequate sleep is required for optimal functioning of human body and mind. Attention and concentration difficulties are related to inadequate sleep among the students. Medical students are considered a stressful group of students because of their hectic schedule. The present study was carried out to know the sleeping pattern among the medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in VIMSAR, Burla, Sambalpur in 2016 among the MBBS Students. Fifty students from each batch were selected by simple random sampling method. Information were collected in a pre-designed pretested questionnaire and was analyzed with Ms-Excel.Results: One hundred and fifty students were selected as the study subjects. The mean bed time during working days was found to be 11:22 pm. Majority of the students 70 (46.6%) were going to bed between 11-12 am. The mean wake up time during working days was 6:52 am and week end was 8:14 am. 75 (50%) students sleep for 6 hours and 42 minutes. 7 (6%) students sleep for 4 hours and 30 minutes. The mean duration of sleep in working days was 6 hours and 46 minutes and in the weekend was 7 hours and 34 minutes.Conclusions: There was less duration of sleep as compared to the recommended sleep duration along with the increase in the mean bed time sleep. It is a concern for the students to prevent the sleep disorder development in future.
Knowledge about emergency contraception among mothers attending OPD at a private medical college in Puducherry
Authors: Chauhan Neelima S.
Published: May 2020

Background: It is estimated that around 15.6 million abortions take place in India every year. There is significant variance in the estimates for the number of abortions reported and the total number of abortions taking place. Emergency contraception (EC) prevents an accidental pregnancy. It prevents a woman from having to go through the trauma of getting pregnant when she does not want to.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge of emergency contraception among women attending the gynecological outpatient department. A total of 280 married women were included in the study. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, which included questions on demographic variables, religion, education, knowledge and practices about EC.Results: Majority of the participants were in the age group of 20-25 years (122; 43.6%). Hinduism was the predominant religion followed by eighty five percent (n=238) of the women. Only 2.1% (n=6) of the women were uneducated while the rest had some form of schooling. Most of them belonged to the age group of 20-25 years (122; 43.6%). Majority of the participants (244; 87.1%) reported that they had never heard about EC. And only 4.3% have ever used EC.Conclusions: Despite EC being available for more than a decade in India, many women still have not heard of it. Although awareness is increasing it is essential to integrate information about EC in family welfare materials and developing new strategies to increase awareness and share information about EC.
Handshake habit amongst medical practitioners, need to abandon and embrace an alternative: analytical study in view of COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Jain Abhinav , Shaikh Aqsa , Malhotra Kriti
Published: May 2020

Background: Doctors are often ignorant of safeguarding their own health. The present COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated maintenance of social distancing. Handshake is one of the forms of greeting and physical contact to show empathy to patient, however it carries risk of transfer of microbes. The need of the hour is to find a suitable alternative to handshake. Aims was to study the knowledge, attitude and practice of medical doctors in an Indian tertiary care hospital towards hand shake.Methods: Study targeted 500 medical practitioners in a tertiary care hospital by presenting them with a google based questionnaire form. The questions were based on the practice of handshake amongst medical practitioners and the preferred alternatives. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive and analytic statistics.Results: Despite 100% respondents being aware about guidelines to avoid non-essential physical contact, 37.3% respondents shook hands. Out of the 85 respondents who had a handshake only 57.6% (n=49) washed hands after handshake. Namaste or Aadab followed by wave gesture are the most acceptable alternatives to handshake for medical practitioners.Conclusions: According to the study a large number of medical practitioners find it difficult to completely quit handshakes, mostly because of habit even in this pandemic emergency. Namaste or Aadab or hand waving are the best alternatives to handshake. A long term change of habit to a universally acceptable “wave” gesture needs to be developed to prevent possible community transmission of infectious diseases.
Implications and future strategies on cost management for hospitals during and after COVID-19
Authors: Raghuvanshi Vijay Pratap , Raghuvanshi Shiv Pratap
Published: May 2020

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is throwing a new factor into hospitals calculations about how to proceed with current and future healthcare strategy implementations. As entire nations encourage their populations to remain stay home, quarantine, avoid coming out and wear masks till lockdown open, while healthcare providers doctors, nurses, technicians and other administrative staffs are more active than ever in response to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus. We expect a significant increase in costs after the pandemic due to change in services and infrastructure, use of personal protective equipment and extra sanitization used by medical staff. To identify ways to improve liquidity, cash flow and cost management due to damage done by COVID -19, we systematically reviewed journals on cost management in hospitals, reports from healthcare finance management agencies, conducted focus groups webinar and websites that includes health policies, healthcare management costs, finance and factors such as departmental cost management in hospitals. The results were clubbed into two parts i.e. one was healthcare revenue challenge and second was strategies for regenerate revenue during and after COVID-19. COVID-19 has shown a significant impact on the healthcare revenue cycle, financial operations, supply chain management, hospital operations and even for those who provide finances. Hospitals and healthcare systems needs to do the work on war footing in supply chain, clinical services, diagnostics services and operations management by ensuring that the management drives the strategies, transform process, create cost-reduction goals and  identify possible sources of savings based on the organizations capital and liquid shortfall, using internal and external benchmarking.
Technology driven integration of occupational health services into primary healthcare settings
Authors: Kumar M. Mohan , Ruikar Manisha
Published: May 2020

India, a growing economy has population exceeding 1.21 billion. Of this more than 65.5% people belong to the working age group. Total workers have doubled during 1981-2011, an increase in both organized and unorganized sectors. India contributes 1/5th of non-fatal injuries, half of fatal injuries, 1/5th of occupational diseases. Early identification and appropriate management of occupational morbidities is very much possible at primary healthcare settings. The deficit of Factory Medical Officers in India is approximately 60% and hence factory workers are likely to seek primary healthcare settings for their ill-health. But doctors are neither sensitized nor trained even to suspect occupation as a cause. Thus, integration of occupational health services into primary healthcare is the need of the hour. Technology may be adopted to train not only medical officers but nurses, auxiliary nurse midwives and other healthcare workers to identify and manage occupational health problems in a comprehensive manner.
Why do we need to report on COVID-19 suspected cases presentation in primary care?
Authors: AlFehaidi AlAnoud Saleh , Mohamed Zohor Ahmed Kamaleldin , Abd Elhamid Mohamed , Alemrayat Bayan , Hamed Ehab
Published: May 2020

While research and reporting on COVID-19 disease focused on laboratory-confirmed cases, minimal to no reporting happen to suspected cases. Initially, WHO advised screen and quarantine strategy. All suspected cases who had mild symptoms were advised to have COVID-19 polymerase chair reaction test.Patients with positive results are advised to quarantine in either home or quarantine facilities dependant on local guidance. Feasibility of testing and isolation strategy seems unlikely in many settings because of the strain on resources; guidance was updated in different countries. Centers for disease control (CDC) and many international guidelines advised home isolation with no testing for suspected cases with mild symptoms. Case definition was updated on different occasions, but suspected cases generically defined based on history and/or risk factors.
Research on Payment Security under the Integration of New Media and E-Commerce
Authors: Xiao Yushui , Li Yujie , Huang Yong
Published: May 2020

With the popularization and development of the network, e-commerce is gradually integrated into the daily life of people, thus effectively promoting the transformation of the traditional production and living mode in China. As the core content, online payment is the foundation to ensure the smooth development of e-commerce. At the present stage, there are still some deficiencies, which has had a negative impact on the security of China's online payment. This paper analyzes and explores the security problems in the current online payment process of China, and puts forward targeted countermeasures to lay a foundation for the improvement of e-commerce security.
The Impact of Financial Information on Noise Traders: Based on the Perspective of Behavioral Finance
Authors: Jiang Miao
Published: May 2020

In China's incomplete stock market which mainly consists of retail games and short-term operations, both of the high stock turnover rate and P/E ratios reflect excessive noise trading. This article focuses on the characteristic that individual investors are susceptible to financial media information, combined with the development and characteristics of financial media. From the perspective of behavioral finance, this paper analyzes the impact of financial media on noise trading. Using behavioral finance and psychology-related knowledge, investor behavior can be better understood, so as the motivation behind noise trading. Finally, in order to promote the healthy development of the stock market, this paper makes recommendations to improve the efficiency of the capital market.
The Influence of Interest Rate Liberalization on Commercial Banks and Its Countermeasures
Authors: Jiang Mengting
Published: May 2020

The liberalization of interest rate is an important part of the financial reform in China under the current economic situation, and it is the inevitable result of the economic development of China to a certain extent. With the deepening of interest rate liberalization reform in China, commercial banks have been affected to a certain extent; the deposit and loan spread, which accounts for the main income of commercial banks, has been narrowed, and the profit space of commercial banks has been further reduced. Therefore, this paper discusses the impact of interest rate liberalization on commercial banks and the choices that commercial banks should make under this situation.
AFRICAN STATES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE ENGLISH SCHOOL: FROM SOVEREIGNTY DEFICIT TO REGIONAL SOCIETY
Authors: ERGÜL JORGENSEN Feride Aslı
Published: May 2020

This article argues that the mainstream argument that sovereignty of African states has remained unfinished due to the difficulties they faced in domestic politics, should be reread by taking into consideration the cooperation of continental countries and the new model of sovereignty that moves from outside to inside. In this context, the thesis that the concepts such as state, sovereignty and intervention are handled outside of classical Westphalian understanding. It makes this claim by following the trail of the regional community formation in Africa, which we can see as an extension of the English School's international community understanding. The African states, which do not want to return to the old colonial days, choose to cooperate against foreign interventions and this tendency has created an unusual form of sovereignty in the long run, along with domestic liberalization.
THE TIPPING CONSEQUENCE ON HOSPITALITY’S RESTAURANT FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICE RESPONSIVENESS IN KISUMU COUNTY - KENYA
Authors: O. Were S, , N. Miricho M, , N. Maranga V,
Published: May 2020

Purpose of study: The purpose of this study was to investigate the tipping consequence of restaurant food service responsiveness.

Methodology: The study employed a descriptive survey approach within Kisumu County in Kenya, with a focus on classified hotel restaurant (dependent). A simple random sampling methodology was applied in the selection of restaurant clients, with a sample size of 384 respondents.

Main Findings: According to the study, tipping was found to have an effect on foodservice responsiveness (P ˂ 0.05), and thus a clear indication that foodservice responsiveness is dependent on tipping within classified dependent restaurants in Kisumu County, Kenya.

Limitations: The study captured dependent restaurants in star-rated hotels within Kisumu County. Therefore, the results of the study may be applied with caution outside the scope of the study.

Social Implications: Since its inception, tipping has been thought of as an incentive towards quality food service provision, hence customer satisfaction and retention. However, tipping has had a negative influence on foodservice responsiveness and therefore a compromise on food service quality, customer satisfaction and retention.

Originality: There is insufficient literature on the topic, although with a handful on the relationship between service quality and tipping. This study will, therefore, fill the gap and used as a benchmark for other studies within not only the hospitality industry but the entire service industry. As a result, the study will be utilized both in policy and practice.
Operación de Kelly
Authors: Gómez Cusnir Pablo , Lomanto Moran Antonio
Published: May 2020

Existen multitud de operaciones diseñadas para controlar la incontinencia de esfuerzo en la mujer; esto indica la gran incertidumbre acerca del mecanismo de esa patología y la incapacidad de las muchas técnicas mencionadas para controlar adecuadamente el problema.
Corrección de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo por medio de la Uretrocistopexia retropúbica por vía vaginal
Authors: López Jiménez Alfonso , Corzo C. Jorge E. , Rodríguez B. Hermann , Santos Hernando A.
Published: May 2020

Se presenta un trabajo preliminar sobre una técnica para corrección del ángulo uretrovesical anterior y posterior, por vía vaginal. Con este objetivo se practicaron 20 intervenciones comparándolas con la técnica de Marshall-Marchetti- Krantz, de la cual se presentan 12 pacientes.Se concluye que el tiempo quirúrgico es menor con la técnica vaginal, la morbilidad, sangrado y costos quirúrgicos son menores y permite la realización de cirugías vaginales correctivas adicionales en el mismo tiempo quirúrgico, disminuye la morbilidad de la cirugía, el sangrado y los costos quirúrgicos; 3) encontramos también la ventaja de realizar cirugías adicionales correctivas —histerectomías vaginales, colporrafias posteriores, corrección del cele anterior— así como ligadura de trompas—sin necesidad de recurrir a un segundo tiempo, como sí se utilizó en la vía de acceso abdominal.El manejo de la sonda vesical durante tres días en la paciente se encontró que era suficiente para lograr un pleno restablecimiento de la función vesical.Pensamos que la utilización de sulfas por vía oral como profilaxis durante el tiempo que se mantenga la sonda, es conveniente ya que no encontramos ninguna sintomatología ni bacteriuria importante en las pacientes manejadas de esta manera.Proponemos esta vía para la corrección de la IUE Tipo II, encontrándose superior a la vía abdominal por los puntos expuestos.
Utilidad de la colagenasa en procesos inflamatorios de tipo ulcerativo o erosionado del cuello uterino
Authors: Villamizar Martín Carlos
Published: May 2020

Se efectuó el trabajo en busca de innovación para el tratamiento de lesiones inflamatorias del cuello uterino de tipo ulcerativo o erosionado, empleando la colagenasa para facilitar la cicatrización. La aplicación de la Colagenasa sobre la lesión debe ser hecha por el médico tratante requiriéndose para esto constancia por parte de la paciente. Por los buenos resultados conseguidos (94%) se ha demostrado que la Colagenasa es de gran utilidad para el desbridamiento del tejido lesionado en procesos ulcerativos y erosionados del cuello uterino, razón por la cual se recomienda su uso para el tratamiento de estas lesiones en Ginecología. No se observó reacción alérgica, ni exacervación del proceso en ningún caso.
Resúmenes de literatura mundial
Authors: De Obstetricia y Ginecología Federación Colombiana
Published: May 2020

Aceleración de la maduración pulmonar fetalTerapia postoperatoria con danazol en pacientes infertiles con endometriosis severaContracepción hormonal y neoplasiaCuándo y cómo tratar pacientes con desórdenes de la prolactinaEtiología de la salpingitis aguda"Anticoncepconales bucales"Vulvovaginitis en la premenarquiaSupositorios vaginales de protaglandinas, un simple y seguro enfoque de la inducción del trabajo de parto
Programa materno infantil y dinámica de población -2. Atención del embarazo, parto y puerperio en Colombia, según clasificación del riesgo materno fetal
Authors: Daza Parada Luis , Henao Echeverry Osear , Barragán Espinosa Jairo
Published: May 2020

La Atención Materna desde el año 1969, de acuerdo con las poiíticas de ampliación de coberturas, venía realizando actividades programáticas por personal médico y paramédico, especialmente en el área de control prenatal y atención del puerperio.
Carcinoma primario bilateral de trompas de falopio
Authors: Uriza Gutierrez Germán , Martín Francisco
Published: May 2020

Se presenta un caso de adenocarcinoma primario bilateral de trompas uterinas, tumor extremadamente raro cuya frecuencia oscila del 0.1% al 1.4% de todas las neoplasias ginecológicas malignas. Su tratamiento fue histerectomía total más salpingo-oforectomía bilateral seguida de radioterapia.Se hace una extensa revisión bibliográfica mundial analizando la historia del tumor, su frecuencia, la edad y paridad de las pacientes que la sufren, el diagnóstico y sintomatología, la anatomía patológica y su pronóstico y tratamiento. Se presenta además su clasificación clínica e histológica aceptada internacionalmente por la mayoría de los autores.
Mortalidad materna y perinatal en los estados hipertensivos del embarazo
Authors: Velasco Ch. Alvaro , Barriga G. Hilma
Published: May 2020

En el grupo A se trataron 363 pacientes de las cuales el 31.96% fueron pre- eclámpticas, 21.49% presentaron preeclampsia grave, inminencia de eclampsia 17.08% tuvieron eclampsia, 7.16% de pacientes presentaron E.V.H.C. con preeclampsia sobreagregada, 12.95% tuvieron E.V.H.C. con inminencia de eclampsia, 3.86% presentaron E.V.H.C. con eclampsia sobreagregada y 4.68% fueron E.V.H.C. puras.La mortalidad materna en las pacientes hipertensas, en el grupo A fue el 5.23% y en el grupo B fue el 0.26%.Se analizaron dos grupos de pacientes sometidas a dos tipos de tratamientos en los estados hipertensivos del embarazo. El primer grupo A tratado sistemáticamente con diuréticos, barbitúricos a largo plazo y conductas especiantes para lograr mayor maduración fetal. El segundo grupo B tratado especialmente con vasodilatadores en el cual las conductas, apoyadas en una evaluación fetal más rigurosa, fue más activa e intervencionista.En relación con el número de partos atendidos en el Instituto, la mortalidad materna en el grupo A es de 13 por 10.000 partos y en el grupo B de 0.9 por 10.000 partos.La mortalidad por toxemia representa el 41% de la mortalidad materna total del Instituto en el grupo A de pacientes analizadas y el 4.3% en el grupo B de pacientes.La mortalidad perinatal, se desglosa minuciosamente; en general la mortalidad perinatal total del grupo A es del 26.17% y en el grupo Bes del 14.32%.La mortalidad perinatal tiene una diferencia altamehte significativa por los análisis estadísticos demostrándose que el segundo grupo de pacientes se han beneficiado por el nuevo sistema de tratamiento.Los beneficios obtenidos no pueden imputarse a un solo parámetro de tratamiento, éstos son el resultado de la suma de todas las nuevas pautas establecidas.
Inserción del DIU por personal paramédico, estudio 507
Authors: Uriza Gutiérrez Germán , Riaño Gamboa Germán , De Barriga Elcy
Published: May 2020

En el Hospital General de Medellin, se aplicaron 300 DIUs, tipo Lippes C y D, por personal paramédico que había recibido adiestramiento previo y con una adecuada supervisión.La recolección de los datos se realizó en dos tipos de formularios precodificados, uno de admisión y otro de seguimiento, el cual se extendió hasta los 6 meses después de aplicado el DIU. Los datos obtenidos fueron procesados por computador y posteriormente analizados. El análisis de los mismos demostró la bondad del procedimiento de delegar la aplicación del DIU a personal paramédico con adecuado adiestramiento y supervisión. No se encontró modificación con la efectividad, tolerancia, efectos secundarios o complicaciones comparándolo con estudios similares realizados en otros países.La principal queja a la inserción fue el dolor y la principal causa de retiro del DIU a los seguimientos fue sangrado y dolor.La anexitis fue una complicación tardía que hace suponer que a mayor tiempo de uso del DIU, existe mayor riesgo de infección pélvica.
Estados hipertensivos del embarazo. II. Hipertensión arterial crónica
Authors: Cobo Edgard
Published: May 2020

Se hace una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema, orientada en lo posible, hacia la descripción de hechos demostrados y se hace énfasis en la normatización del manejo de las pacientes con diferentes estados hipertensivos durante la gestación. Además, se presentan hallazgos realizados por nosotros utilizando la monitorización fetal intraparto, en 677 casos de hipertensión inducida por el embarazo y en 54 casos de hipertensión crónica, con hipertensión inducida sobreagregada. Estos resultados se incorporan a las normas propuestas para el manejo clínico perinatal de esta patología.
Bases de trabajo comunitario para la implementación de un modelo de salud reproductiva
Authors: Medina Murillo Jorge E. , López Escobar Guillermo , Aparicio de Shuk Inés Elvira , Rincón Luis Eduardo , Rocuts Soto Federico Kliford
Published: May 2020

Se presenta un marco conceptual sobre el cual se ha desarrollado el Programa de Salud Reproductiva del Departamento de Gineco-Obstetricia y la División de Salud Comunitaria de la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá.Una vez determinada el área de influencia se analizaron la oferta de servicios de salud y la demanda y necesidad de servicios por parte de la comunidad. De acuerdo a estos resultados se han venido desarrollando programas y actividades que la comunidad siente como prioritarias. Esto ha permitido obtener credibilidad en nuestra Institución por parte de la comunidad y asegurar la aceptación de las labores que el Programa de Salud Reproductiva va a adelantar. Así por ejemplo, lograr establecer la necesidad del control prenatal, diagnóstico precoz del cáncer o la aceptación de programas de planificación familiar, no serán acciones aisladas en la comunidad expuestas al rechazo o a la indiferencia sino que forman parte de una atención integral de la salud en la que la misma comunidad ha participado en su planeación y ejecución.
Tratamiento del factor tubo-peritoneal con microcirugía
Authors: Pérez Luis Ernesto
Published: May 2020

El papel de la microcirugía en la recuperación de la fertilidad se presenta en 72 casos de infertilidad por factor tubo-peritoneal, operados por el autor en el Hospital Militar y La Clínica San Pedro Claver de Bogotá entre nov. 1 de 1982 y enero 1 de 1983. Las pacientes se seleccionaron siguiendo un estudio básico de la pareja infértil con laparoscopia, histerosalpinqoqrafía, prueba post-coito, espermograma, biopsia endometrial y progesterona mesoluteínica. Las candidatas a microcirugía se clasificaron por grupos patológicos, siguiendo las normas internacionales tanto para la técnica micro-quirúrgica como para el análisis de los resultados. Las tasas de éxito de embarazos a término o en progresión normal hasta la fecha son las siguientes: salpingoovariolisis 55.5% (10 de 18). Anastomosis tubotubáricas post-ligadura 45.5% (5 de 11). Implantes tubo-uterinos 37.5% (3 de 8). Fimbrioplastias 33.3% (2 de 6). Salpingoneostomías 12.5% (1 de 8). Combinación de procedimientos 5.3% (1 de 19). La microcirugía tubárica reconstructiva continúa siendo el procedimiento terapéutico más importante del factor tubo-peritoneal.
Discurso del profesor Rafael Ramírez Merchán como miembro honorario, fundador y expresidente de la sociedad colombiana de obstetricia y ginecología en la celebración de los XL años de su fundación
Authors: Ramírez Merchán Rafael
Published: May 2020

Prodigiosamente, este siglo ha visto albores de la Medicina Científica y la plenitud de su máximo desarrollo; nos ha correspondido, generación afortunada, prescindir de lo anticuado o aleatorio para acoger lo técnico, lo seguro, casi lo ideal. Nos ha correspondido instaurar la Medicina Científica, en reemplazo de la empírica o mágica . Todo lo anterior a este siglo relativo al estudio del hombre, en su anatomía, en su fisiología, en su íntima constitución, todas las investigaciones, los descubrimientos, las concepciones, las realizaciones tendientes al conocimiento a fondo de los fenómenos biológicos, así como a la conservación de la salud y de la vida, siendo inmenso, iba quedando poco menos que como piezas sueltas de un portentoso organismo cuya síntesis está culminando actualmente y pareciera indicar al despertar de la inteligencia humana aparentemente más limitada en todos los milenios anteriores. Para la Medicina, este acontecer se anuncia en 1846 con el descubrimiento de la anestesia y, vaticina lo insólito con Mendel Lister y Pasteur, casi en vísperas del Siglo XX . (1)
Test de presión supina ("Roll over Test") y presión arterial media en la predicción de la hipertensión inducida por el embarazo
Authors: Ariza Alfredo , Muñoz Isabel , Moreno Bernardo
Published: May 2020

La hipertensión inducida por el embarazo (HIE), es una de las entidades más comunes que puede producir serias complicaciones del mismo. A pesar de su frecuencia, su etiología, permanece aún desconocida; sin embargo, los cambios fisiopatológicos han sido aceptablemente estudiados (1-3). Muchos intentos se han hecho en este campo con el fin de encontrar un método que pueda pronosticar la aparición de la HIE. Algunos estudios prospectivos utilizando métodos un tanto sofisticados pregonan la utilización de tales métodos como predictores de HIE. Específicamente Gant (4), (5), ha demostrado mediante la medición de la tasa de depuración metabólíco del sulfato de dehidroinsoandrosterona una forma de predecir el desarrollo de HIE con un anticipo de cinco semanas. El mismo autor (6), reportó otro método efectivo de predecir HIE utilizando una infusión de Angiotensina II en pacientes embarazadas entre la semana 28 y 32. El encontró que pacientes requiriendo más de 8 ng/kgr/mto de infusión de Angiotensina II para lograr una respuesta presora de 20 mm de Hg en la presión diastólica permanecían normotensas el resto del embarazo en un alto porcentaje. Por otra parte, 90°/o de las pacientes requiriendo menos de 8 ng/kgr/mto de infusión de Angiotensina II para obtener la misma respuesta presora, desarrollaban posteriormente hipertensión inducida por el embarazo. Más tarde Worley, coautor con Gant de otra publicación (7), observó que algunas de las pacientes sometidas al estudio de infusión de Angiotensina II presentaban un incremento de la presión diastólica cuando cambiaban de la posición de decúbito lateral izquierda a la posición supina. De aquí surgió la ¡dea del llamado "ROLL OVER TEST" o Test de Presión Supina.
La cistopexia modificada
Authors: Arenas Buenahora Lsaías , Cadena Jesús Francisco
Published: May 2020

La incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo, es la causa más común de pérdida de orina en forma involuntaria, y muchos investigadores han demostrado que hasta el 50% de las mujeres multíparas acusa un cierto grado de pérdida de orina en forma involuntaria. Así es como se define: pérdida de orina en forma involuntaria, a través de la uretra intacta, usualmente causada por un aumento de la presión intraabdominal, en una cantidad suficiente para ser socialmente inaceptable.
Interrogantes en la prospección de Papanicolaou
Authors: Chadid H. Ramiro A.
Published: May 2020

El trabajo trazado para valorar la incidencia de las displasias y del cáncer de cérvix en la población de consulta del Hospital General de Barranquilla, lo mismo que para valorar la certeza diagnóstica del método en el Departamento de Anatomía Patológica y Citología de dicho Hospital hace revisar al autor los archivos del Hospital referentes al tema. Los hallazgos constatan que por razones ajenas al método se perdió el 82% del trabajo realizado por dicho Departamento durante los años 1978 - 1982. Basado en este hecho se analizan los aspectos relacionados con este método de seguimiento del cáncer de cérvix y se agrega un nuevo interrogante a los otros ya existentes; interrogantes que limitan la trascendencia e importancia de la utilidad pública de la citología.
Hígado graso agudo del embarazo. Tres primeros casos en el Instituto Materno-Infantil
Authors: Ruíz Parra Ariel , Alvarado Pantoja Ricardo
Published: May 2020

Se presentan los tres primeros casos de Hígado Graso Agudo del Embarazo estudiados en el Hospital Materno Infantil de Bogotá. Se discuten los hallazgos clínicos, de laboratorio y patológicos y se resumen los conocimientos sobre la enfermedad incluyendo hipótesis etiopatogénicas y haciéndo énfasis en la necesidad de considerar ésta posibilidad diagnóstica en el estudio de pacientes ictéricas en el tercer trimestre del embarazo ya que la institución de las medidas de sostén adecuadas y la terminación del embarazo pueden mejorar el pronóstico materno y fetal.
Anticoncepción hormonal
Authors: Lomanto Morán Antonio
Published: May 2020

Siendo la prevención menos problemática en los planos síquico y somático, se preferirán los contraceptivos a la interrupción de la gravidez. La contracepción seria constituirá indicación absoluta en todos aquellos casos en que no se desee el embarazo.
Correlación histopatológica y ecografía de la madurez placentaria en el embarazo de alto riesgo
Authors: Ferro Camargo Jaime , Nossa Moreno Hugo , Montoya Sánchez Germán , Uribe Angel Juan G. , Duque de Didomenico Pilar , Cruz de la Torre Martha
Published: May 2020

Se escogieron cuarenta pacientes que concurrieron al servicio de admisión de Obstetricia en la Sala de Partos del Hospital de San José, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad del Rosario, en los meses de octubre, noviembre y diciembre de 1982 y enero de 1983, con embarazo de 36 semanas en adelante y de alto riesgo dado por enfermedad Hipertensiva del embarazo e Hipertensión arterial asociada o agregada, incluyendo dentro del estudio dos pacientes diabéticas no hipertensas.
Tratamiento de las neoplasias intraepiteliales de la vagina con 5-Fluorouracil tópico
Authors: Llanos Raúl , Krupp Phillip J. , Bohm James W. , Barnard David E.
Published: May 2020

La historia natural de la neoplasia intraepitelial en la vagina es pobremente interpretada. Los factores y el tiempo requerido para que una displasia progrese a carcinoma invasivo no son conocidos. La asociación frecuente de carcinoma de la vagina con cáncer de la vulva y del cervix sugieren un factor carcinogénico común. La displasia intraepitelial vaginal a menudo es multicéntrica.
Estudios citogenéticos en parejas con abortos de repetición
Authors: Mendoza R. Luis , Benedito D. , Pellicer A. , Bonilla Musoles F. , Millet A.
Published: May 2020

Se estudian los cariotipos de 54 parejas con historia de aborto de repetición, hallándose una translocación y 15 casos con polimorfismos cromosómicos principalmente de los pares 1 y 9 y asociación de los pares 1 y 16. En cuatro casos, no se halló otra causa que justificase el polimorfismo ni la pareja tuvo en momento alguno gestación a término. Se discute el posible papel que los polimorfismos pueden jugar en la etiología de algunos casos de aborto habitual o iterativo.
Cáncer de vulva
Authors: Barros Pabón Franco , Uribe Duque Jaime
Published: May 2020

Se analizaron 51 historias clínicas del HUSVP con diagnóstico de cáncer de vulga y a pesar de que el número de casos no es muy grande, nos permite sacar algunas conclusiones. El 86% se presentan después de los 40 años. El 76.6% consulta después de 1 año de la iniciación de los síntomas. Se encontró una asociación con otros tumores ginecológicos primarios en el 11.8%. El 45% consultó en estado III y IV. El tratamiento de elección en los tumores malignos de vulva es el quirúrgico. Los resultados del tratamiento son mejores en los estados iniciales. Las recurrencias son más frecuentes en los avanzados. El seguimiento a 5 años es del 66.6%, cifra que se debe tratar de mejorar para poder obtener una rata de supervivencia más ajustada a la realidad. Es importante la identificación más temprana de esta patología para un diagnóstico más precoz.