bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecção de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines em sementes de soja
Authors: Violatti Marcela Ribeiro , Tebaldi Nilvanira Donizete
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Os genótipos de soja utilizados para a alimentação humana são suscetíveis a Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag). A bactéria é transmitida pelas sementes e apresenta difícil controle, justificando a necessidade de realizar testes de sanidade de sementes antes da comercialização ou semeadura. Os meios de cultura para a detecção da bactéria em sementes devem ser práticos, rápidos e sensíveis. O objetivo do trabalho foi detectar a presença de Xag em sementes de soja, em meio de cultura semi-seletivo. Nos meios de cultura de semi-seletivo MXG com e sem antibióticos e de rotina 523 foi cultivada a suspensão bacteriana (109 UFC mL-1, OD550 = 0,5), diluída em série (10-1 a 10-7), do isolado UFU C35 de Xag, em placas de Petri com 3 repetições para cada diluição. Após 4 dias foi quantificado o número de unidades formadoras de colônias por mL (UFC mL-1). A análise estatística foi realizada a partir do teste Kruskal-Wallis. Para detecção da bactéria nas sementes de soja foram avaliados cinco genótipos: 0012.UB010/11-P, 0012.UB1501/11-P, 0012.UB037/11-P, 0012.UB003/11-P e NT12 Paraná. Em Erlenmeyer foram colocadas 100 g de sementes e adicionados 200 mL de solução salina 0,85%, incubados na geladeira por 18 h. Os extratos das sementes foram diluídos em série (10-1 a 10-2) e cultivados nos meios de cultura MXG com antibióticos e 523, com 6 repetições para cada diluição e incubados a 28 oC. Após 4 dias foi quantificado o número de UFC g-1 de sementes. As médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. O meio de cultura semi-seletivo MXG com e sem antibióticos não inibiu o desenvolvimento de Xag e o meio MXG com antibióticos foi eficiente para detecção da bactéria em sementes de soja de todos os genótipos avaliados, podendo ser usado em análises de rotina.
Selection of Trichoderma isolates for biological control of Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum in lettuce
Authors: Elias Luciana Mecatti , Domingues Manuel Victor P. F. , Moura Karina Elaine de , Harakava Ricardo , Patricio Flávia Rodrigues Alves
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Lettuce drop is one of the most important and difficult-to-control diseases affecting lettuce in Brazil and worldwide. This study was carried out to select Trichoderma isolates antagonistic to Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum, aiming to develop biological control for this pathosystem in Brazil. Thirty-one Trichoderma isolates were obtained with the use of baits and were tested under laboratory conditions for their ability to control S. minor and S. sclerotiorum in seedlings of lettuce cultivar Tainá cultured in Petri dishes containing water-agar medium. Subsequently, four isolates effective for control and showing high sporulation under laboratory conditions were evaluated in greenhouse in two experiments carried out with both pathogens in lettuce seedlings of the same cultivar. Twenty-two isolates showed ability to control S. minor and S. sclerotiorum in the in vitro experiments. The isolates tested under greenhouse conditions, identified as T. asperellum (IBLF 897, IBLF 904 and IBLF 914) and T. asperelloides (IBLF 908), reduced lettuce drop of seedlings caused by both pathogens but were more effective against S. minor. Biological control is a promising technology for the management of lettuce drop, especially because S. minor is the predominant species in infested lettuce fields in Brazil.
Energetic potential of bamboo culms for industrial and domestic use in Southern Brazil
Authors: Balduino Junior Ailton Leonel , Balduino Thalles Yurgen , Friederichs Gustavo , Cunha Alexsandro Bayestorff da , Brand Martha Andreia
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the energetic quality of the Bambusa vulgaris culms for combustion (in natura) and as a charcoal. Five individuals (culms) of Bambusa vulgaris of 3 years of age were analyzed, gathered in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. In the in natura culms it was determined the moisture content freshly gathered (39%); basic density (0.624gcm-3); the chemical composition (total extractive content (16.26%) and lignin content (25.76%)); the proximate chemical composition (volatiles content (82.25%); fixed carbon content (15.26%) and ash (2.49%)) and gross calorific value (4571kcalkg-1). In the charcoal, produced in the laboratory, the determined properties were the gravimetric yield (36.40%);the apparent density (0.372gcm-3); volatiles content (27.55%); fixed carbon content (67.32%); ash (5.12%) and gross calorific value (7431kcalkg-1). The Bambusa vulgaris species has potential for use in the energy generation either in natura, as chips for burning in boilers or in the charcoal form for domestic use, it can be used to broaden the base of biomass for energy generation and to replace the timber species of Pinus and Eucalyptus gender used for this purpose in the Southern region of Brazil.
Correlação entre a matriz de referência e os itens envolvendo conceitos de Química presentes no ENEM de 2009 a 2013
Authors: Cintra Elaine Pavini , Marques Junior Amaury Celso , Sousa Eduardo Carvalho de
Published: September 2016

Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo os itens, envolvendo conceitos de química, presentes nas edições de 2009 a 2013 do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) e a Matriz de Referência do referido Exame. Utilizando a Taxonomia de Bloom Revisada, foram feitas análises com vistas a identificar a demanda cognitiva, a dimensão do conhecimento, o objeto de conhecimento e o contexto presentes nos itens. Os resultados apontam a ocorrência de itens com domínios de baixa ordem cognitiva (cerca de 81%) em contraste com a Matriz de Referência, que sugere uma proporção menor (64 a 71%) para itens com essas características. O estudo apontou ainda que os objetos de conhecimento, presentes nos itens, estão inseridos em contextos diversificados mostrando inter-relação entre os conceitos avaliados e o universo do estudante.
Uma calamidade insaciável: espaço urbano e hegemonia política em uma história dos incêndios (880-1080)
Authors: Rust Leandro Duarte
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Apesar da recorrência documental, os incêndios contam com uma atenção difusa na historiografia. Sobretudo, aqueles que devastaram os espaços urbanos do Regnum Italicum entre 880 e 1080. Quando não naturalizam ocorrências desse tipo como fatalidades ou acidentes, as explicações vigentes os fazem figurar como casos de uma suposta desordem feudal, amplamente revista por historiadores. Quando se trata de compreender a história da calamidade das chamas urbanas, há muito por ser feito. Este artigo busca contribuir para esse empenho. Partindo da documentação diplomática e cronística, analisamos a significação e a maneira como tais referências são acionadas na composição dos registros escritos: os incêndios surgem como uma ação social e multidimensional. Além disso, buscamos explicar as mudanças associadas à natureza dessa prática. A hipótese de trabalho é de que o aparecimento documental dos incêndios pertencia a uma temporalidade política.
Cartas políticas da Dinastia de Avis: a arte de ditar o bem comum (século XV)
Authors: Coelho Maria Filomena
Published: September 2016

RESUMO Este artigo pretende analisar algumas cartas escritas no século XV por personagens-chave da Dinastia de Avis. A epistolografia é uma área de estudos que vem crescendo nos últimos tempos e, apesar de ser herdeira das propostas do século XIX, cada vez mais entende ser necessário incorporar perspectivas culturalistas a suas abordagens. A cultura política é um conceito importante que possibilita ir além da retórica, tal como era tradicionalmente entendida a epistolografia, para permitir ao historiador compreender uma trama discursiva complexa, que embora pareça seguir fórmulas, não deixa de atender às circunstâncias e aos casuísmos da política, mas, sobretudo propõe e evoca valores políticos, como o do bem comum.
Irrigation management strategy for Prata-type banana
Authors: Santos Marcelo R. dos , Donato Sérgio L. R. , Lourenço Lilian L. , Silva Tânia S. , Coelho Filho Mauricio A.
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze different irrigation strategies in two cultivars of the banana crop. The study was conducted in four production cycles of ‘Prata-Anã’ and ‘BRS Platina’ bananas. The applied irrigation depths (ID) were obtained by the model ID = K x LA x ETo, where K is an empirical transpiration constant of 0.20; 0.35; 0.50 and 0.65 for the strategies 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively; LA is the leaf area of mother and daughter plants of ‘Prata-Anã’ and ETo is the reference evapotranspiration. The strategy 5 was obtained according to the crop evapotranspiration, ETc = ETo x Kc, where Kc is the crop coefficient. Drip irrigation system was used, with two laterals per plant row and emitters with flow rate of 8 L h-1, spaced at 0.50 m. It was found that ‘Prata-Anã’ is more efficient than ‘BRS Platina’ in terms of water use and the model for irrigation management, ID = 0.35 x LA x ETo, is recommended to optimize water use by ‘Prata-Anã’ and ‘BRS Platina’ bananas, with increase in water use efficiency and maintenance of yield. The same model, with K coefficient equal to 0.50, makes it possible to obtain yield and water use efficiency equal to those obtained with irrigation management based on the ETc.
Copper and zinc forms in soil fertilized with pig slurry in the bean crop
Authors: Grohskopf Marco A. , Correa Juliano C. , Cassol Paulo C. , Nicoloso Rodrigo S. , Fernandes Dirceu M.
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT The application of pig slurry may have different influence on copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) dynamics in the soil compared with mineral fertilization. The aim of this research was to determine the different forms of Cu and Zn in soil and their uptake by bean plants in response to the application of mineral fertilizer and pig slurry (PS). The treatments were: mineral fertilizer (Cu and Zn oxides) and liquid pig slurry, at increasing rates (0/0, 1.7/6.0, 3.4/12.0 and 6.8/24.0 kg ha-1 Cu/Zn, respectively) applied in a Rhodic Kandiudox. PS increased the Cu content in soil in the exchangeable form, Fe oxides and residual, while the mineral fertilizer increased Cu contents in the fraction associated with soil organic matter. Soil Zn contents in the fractions available, exchangeable and SOM were highest under mineral fertilization, while in the soluble fraction the contents were highest under PS. The fertilizers had not impact on Cu and Zn contents associated with Al oxides, and these elements were mostly associated with Fe oxides in the soil. PS promoted the highest biomass production in shoots and roots of the bean plants, reflecting in the highest accumulation of Cu and Zn.
Ozonated water in the post-harvest treatment of coffee fruits
Authors: Brandão Fernando J. B. , Biaggioni Marco A. M. , Sperotto Felipe C. S. , Fujita Erika , Santos Paula L. , Silva Magnun A. P. da
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Ozone is used in many countries for the treatment of effluents, becoming a viable alternative in sanitation of coffee wastewater. However, the strong ozone oxidation, responsible for its germicidal effect, can also compromise grain and beverage quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of Arabica coffee in different periods of treatment with ozonated water and its effect after drying. Coffee fruits were subjected to ozonation at regular intervals of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 30 min, with continuous stirring promoted by a recirculating water system at constant rate of 1 ppm of solubilized ozone. The design was completely randomized with five treatments and four replicates. After obtaining the data, the analysis of variance was performed and means were compared by Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). The results showed a partial reduction of fungi after washing with ozonated water, but the same effect was not observed after drying. For coffee quality analysis, the longest times of exposure to the solubilized gas in the water produced some negative results in electrical conductivity and total and reducing sugars. However, the sensory quality of the beverage was maintained.
Influence of body mass index and age on the lung function of obese women
Authors: Sgariboldi Dayla , Faria Fernanda Aparecida , Carbinatto Jéssica Cristina , Pazzianotto-Forti Eli Maria
Published: September 2016

Abstract Introduction: Obesity and aging may cause changes in lung function. Objective: to assess whether body mass, body mass index (BMI) and age influences vital capacity (VC) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) in women. Methods: 81 women aged between 30 and 75 years participated in the study. The sample included obese and morbidly obese, non-smoking, sedentary individuals without chronic lung disorders. Anamnesis, anthropometric and spirometric evaluations were performed. Statistical analysis was carried out using the Pearson correlation and Spearman tests, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: It was observed that age had significant and negative correlations with VC and its components: inspiratory reserve volume (IRV), expiratory reserve volume (ERV) and tidal volume (TV), and with FEV1. There was also a significant positive correlation between body mass and VC and IRV and a significant negative correlation between BMI and ERV. Conclusion: Pulmonary function declines over time. Body mass appears to exert a greater influence on IRV, whereas a greater BMI is associated with a decline in ERV.
Effects of Aging and Exercise on the Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Older Women
Authors: Kohler Renan , Rorato Priscila , Braga Ana Laura Felipe , Velho Rodrigo Baumann , Krause Maressa Priscila
Published: September 2016

Abstract Purpose: The present study analyzed the effects of chronological aging and the practice of regular exercise (PRE) on the cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) of older women. Methods: A descriptive study of 78 participants was performed, with longitudinal design and an initial evaluation in 2005 and a second in 2011. The PRE defined groups as Inactive (I), Insufficiently-Active (IA), and Sufficiently-Active (SA). The six-minute walking test measured CRF. MANOVA with repeated-measures was used to verify the effect of time and the PRE groups on CRF (p<0.05). Results: The participants were classified as having a low socioeconomic level and being overweight. MANOVA demonstrated the effect of time (F1.74=30.134; p<0.05) and groups (F2.74=3.729; p<0.05), without interaction (F2.74=0.811; p>0.05). Post hoc analysis indicated that the effect of time was significant between all groups (I: t=3.786, p<0.05; IA: t=2.597, p<0.05; SA: t=3.191, p<0.05); and the group effect was significant only between the I and SA groups in the second evaluation (First evaluation: F2.76=1.712; p>0.05; Second Evaluation: F2.77=3.239; p<0.05, post hoc Tukey: group I vs AS =p<0.05). A smaller reduction in CRF was found in the SA group (8.0%), followed by the IA (10.3%) and I (14.3%) groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicated that elderly women who practice exercise regularly had a smaller reduction in CRF than those who were inactive. This suggests that the PRE at recommended levels for health purposes can attenuate the effect of aging on the CRF.
The Effects of Pilates on the Elderly: An Integrative Review
Authors: Costa Letícia Miranda Resende da , Schulz Anelise , Haas Aline Nogueira , Loss Jefferson
Published: September 2016

Abstract Introduction: Pilates is considered a form of exercise that aims to improve flexibility, resistance, strength, balance and coordination. As a result, many elderly people have tried the method seeking to improve or maintain their health. Objective: The present study aimed to review the effects of Pilates on the elderly. Methods: An integrative review was carried out that studied elderly persons undergoing an intervention based on the Pilates method, combined or not with other techniques. The guiding question considered existing studies in literature that evaluated the effects of Pilates on the elderly. Searches of the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) electronic databases were conducted in May 2014. Results: Of a total of 445 studies found, 17 articles were included. Several variables were analyzed, with balance and the risk of falling described most frequently. Conclusions: The most studied variables were balance and the risk of falling and there was consensus among the studies regarding the improvement that Pilates caused in these variables. There was also agreement about increased flexibility, but controversy continues to surround the other effects reported in literature, or the data is isolated and therefore inconclusive. Among the studies found, most were experimental, and there were only two randomized controlled trials. The performance of more clinical trials featuring high quality methodological approaches addressing the theme is recommended, so that systematic reviews with meta-analysis may be performed, ensuring greater reliability of the results suggested in this study.
Effects of age on the frequency of micronuclei and degenerative nuclear abnormalities
Authors: Ferraz Gregory Alves , Costa Neto Antônio de Oliveira , Cerqueira Eneida de Moraes Marcílio , Meireles José Roberto Cardoso
Published: September 2016

Abstract The effects of aging, gender and lifestyle factors on inducing chromosomal damage (micronuclei) and nuclear degenerative changes were assessed using the micronucleus test on exfoliated cells of the oral mucosa. The sample included 80 healthy subjects divided into four groups according to age and gender: men and women aged 19-29 years (M19, W19) and men and women aged over sixty years (M60, W60). An interview questionnaire was used to characterize the sample and to determine an index reflecting lifestyle (HLI). The frequency of micronuclei and nuclear degenerative changes was significantly higher among the elderly (p<0.001) and did not differ by gender among young people (p>0.05). The occurrence of micronuclei was similar among elderly men and women (p>0.10), but karyorrhexis and karyolysis were more frequent among men (p<0.005 and p<0.025, respectively), who also had a lower HLI than the other groups (p<0.0004). The results of the study indicate that age is the main factor associated with the induction of genetic material damage.
Prevalence of violence against the elderly and associated factors - a population based study in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina
Authors: Bolsoni Carolina Carvalho , Coelho Elza Berger Salema , Giehl Maruí Weber Corseuil , d´Orsi Eleonora
Published: September 2016

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of violence among the elderly and to analyze its association with demographic, socioeconomic and health conditions. Method: A cross sectional population-based study was conducted of 1,705 individuals aged 60 years or older living in the city of Florianópolis in the state of Santa Catarina, between 2009 to 2010. Verbal, psychological, physical and financial violence was evaluated with a questionnaire used in the Pesquisa Saúde Bem-estar e Envelhecimento (Health and Well-being in Aging Survey) (SABE). Prevalence was calculated for each type of violence and the overall prevalence of violence was identified using the categories of the explanatory variables. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with violence. Results: The general prevalence of violence was approximately 13.0%, while verbal violence occurred among 11.0% of respondents. The adjusted analysis showed that being female (OR=2.08) and elderly persons who were single or divorced were 66% more likely to suffer violence. Those who lived with their children or grandchildren were twice as likely to suffer violence (95% CI: 1:40 to 3:40). Conclusions: Although the results showed that the prevalence of violence against the elderly was greater than predicted by the WHO, we suspect that this number may be even higher. Due to the complexity of the theme, it is possible that elderly persons are afraid to reveal that they are victims of violence, as in most cases, the aggressors are family members.
Sobre Burocracias, Documentos e Sujeitos Imigrantes: Otimização e Flexibilidade na Vivência da Mobilidade
Authors: Etcheverry Daniel Angel
Published: September 2016

Resumo Este trabalho busca aprofundar as experiências de imigrantes perante o poder institucionalizado e a burocracia estatal. Tem como fundamentos teóricos os conceitos de “poder” e “otimização”, de Foucault e Aiwha Ong, e de “capital” de Bourdieu. Com base neles procurarei entender como o poder legitimado do Estado e de alguns agentes sociais costuram um tecido social baseado na manutenção e transferência de “capitais”. Nesse contexto surge o sujeito “otimizado” e “flexível” como paradigma/exceção, dentro de contextos já não apenas de classe, senão de uma sociedade compartimentada segundo origens nacionais, gênero, situação no mercado de trabalho, etc.
Situação e contexto: Políticas migratórias e interações com refugiados no Norte de Angola
Authors: Muller Paulo Ricardo
Published: September 2016

Resumo Neste artigo analiso o modo como se configuram as relações de refugiados, sobretudo congoleses da República Democrática do Congo (RDC), com a sociedade local e nacional, e com organizações internacionais, em duas províncias do norte de Angola: Cabinda e Lunda Norte. A partir de evidências etnográficas coletadas em um trabalho de campo realizado nestas províncias, procuro demonstrar como as representações midiáticas e definições jurídicas acerca de refugiados são ressignificadas em função dos modos de organização e representação coletiva das comunidades de estrangeiros nas províncias e cidades fronteiriças que operam como cenário concreto destes movimentos migratórios, produzindo diferentes formas de incorporação destes sujeitos aos contextos nos quais se encontram.
Influence of environmental variables on stream fish fauna at multiple spatial scales
Authors: Junqueira Nara Tadini , Macedo Diego Rodrigues , Souza Rafael Couto Rosa de , Hughes Robert Mason , Callisto Marcos , Pompeu Paulo Santos
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Effects of environmental variables at different spatial scales on freshwater fish assemblages are relatively unexplored in Neotropical ecosystems. However, those influences are important for developing management strategies to conserve fish diversity and water resources. We evaluated the influences of site- (in-stream) and catchment-scale (land use and cover) environmental variables on the abundance and occurrence of fish species in streams of the Upper Araguari River basin through use of variance partitioning with partial CCA. We sampled 38 1st to 3rd order stream sites in September 2009. We quantified site variables to calculate 11 physical habitat metrics and mapped catchment land use/cover. Site and catchment variables explained > 50% of the total variation in fish species. Site variables (fish abundance: 25.31%; occurrence: 24.51%) explained slightly more variation in fish species than catchment land use/cover (abundance: 22.69%; occurrence: 18.90%), indicating that factors at both scales are important. Because anthropogenic pressures at site and catchment scales both affect stream fish in the Upper Araguari River basin, both must be considered jointly to apply conservation strategies in an efficient manner.
Environmental constraints structuring fish assemblages in riffles: evidences from a tropical stream
Authors: Teresa Fabrício Barreto , Souza Luzia Shirlei de , Silva Dianne Michelle Alves da , Barbosa Hugo de Oliveira , Lima Jane Dilvana , Nabout João Carlos
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Riffles are unique habitats regarding to assemblage structure. However, understanding how these assemblages respond to environmental variations in small spatial extents, as within a stream, is a challenge. We assess whether the quantitative structure and the trophic composition of fish assemblages vary predictably among stream riffles. We predict that the variation of environmental conditions will explain species abundance and trophic composition, with the latter presenting higher predictive power, since species would be filtered according to their traits (e.g. diet). Moreover, we expect that the low among-riffle dispersal limitation within a stream and the strong habitat filtering would result in lower importance of spatial variables in the structure of riffle fish assemblages. We tested these predictions by studying 18 riffles of a stream in the Central Brazil. Environmental variables, but not spatial ones, were the most important in explaining the variation in assemblages structure. Environmental variables explained a greater portion of the trophic structure variation (R2=0.62) than of abundance (R2=0.37), indicating that the variation on the trophic traits at community level are more predictable. These results also indicate that these assemblages are subject to environmental control, highlighting the importance of riffle characteristics in driving ecological processes within streams.
College Adjustment as a Mediator Between Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Work Self-Efficacy
Authors: Oliveira Clarissa Tochetto de , Hauck-Filho Nelson , Dias Ana Cristina Garcia
Published: September 2016

Abstract Studies have addressed features of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in higher education, but the potential relationships between ADHD symptoms, dimensions of college adjustment and students' work self-efficacy remain scarcely explored. The aim of this study was to test a theoretical model in which the dimensions of college adjustment mediate the relationship between ADHD symptoms and work self-efficacy. Participants were 509 college students from two Brazilian public universities. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using a path analysis model. The ADHD symptoms affected work self-efficacy exclusively through college adjustment problems. Improving students' well-being, social support networks, study habits, and feelings regarding their majors and the university may reduce the potential disadvantages in work self-efficacy caused by ADHD symptoms.
Hierarchy, Violence and Bullying Among Students of Public Middle Schools
Authors: Crochík José Leon
Published: September 2016

Abstract Hierarchies established in schools can lead to violence among students, particularly bullying, and this relationship is investigated in this study. A School Hierarchies Scale and a Peer Perception of Aggression Scale were applied to 274 9th grade students, both sexes, aged 14.08 years (SD = 0.81) old on average, attending four public schools in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The students more frequently perceived to be popular, were among the best in physical education and/or among the worst in academic subjects were also more frequently perceived to be bullies, while those more frequently perceived to be unpopular and having the worst performance in physical education were also more frequently perceived to be victims. Therefore, teachers should reflect upon the issue and fight school violence that may arise from these hierarchies.
Multimodal Study of Adult-Infant Interaction: A Review of Its Origins and Its Current Status
Authors: Pérez Soledad Carretero , Español Silvia Ana
Published: September 2016

Abstract An interpretative review of research on adult-infant interactions involving the analysis of movement behaviors is presented, systematically linking previous studies to current research on the subject. Forty-two articles analyzing the dyad's interactive movement in the period 1970-2015 were found. Twelve papers were excluded, including only those that studied the phenomenon in the baby's first year of life. The results revealed that movement was a central topic in early interaction studies in the 70s. In the 1980's and 1990's, its study was marginal and it is currently resurging under the embodiment perspective. The conceptual framework and research methods used in the pioneering work are presented, and the thematic foci shared with current research are highlighted. Thus, essential keys are provided for the updated study of early interactions from a multimodal perspective.
Repensando el Estado como institución. Poder central, cultura local y relaciones centro-periferia en las interpretaciones de Juan Maiguashca y el debate Schwarz-Carvalho Franco.
Authors: Hanna Santiago Cabrera
Published: September 2016

Resúmen Este artículo se propone interrogar los modelos de análisis sobre la formación del estado decimonónico y sus implicaciones para la conformación nacional, por medio de un balance bibliográfico de dos de los aportes más destacados en cuanto al tema, desarrollados para los casos ecuatoriano y brasileño. El pretexto de esta conversación es someter a escrutinio una de las interpretaciones historiográficas centrales para el estudio de la formación de la nación en el Ecuador, y que ha devenido en lecho común de la historiografía ecuatoriana sobre el tema. Nos referimos al estudio del Estado como institución, desarrollado en la década de los noventa del siglo XX por Juan Maiguashca. Los aportes interpretativos de este estudioso plantearon, en su momento, desafiantes escenarios para el estudio de un tema que, hasta entonces, fue acometido desde la perspectiva del Estado como estructura de dominación. Este artículo recupera críticamente dicho aporte sometiendo a interpelación su concepción del movimiento de conformación del poder central, basado en un modelo de análisis centro - periferia, presente en la discusión de los intelectuales brasileños Roberto Schwarz y María Sylvia de Carvalho Franco.
Efeito do Sistema Cantareira sobre o regime de vazões na bacia do rio Piracicaba
Authors: Frederice Aline , Brandão João Luiz Boccia
Published: September 2016

RESUMO A operação de grandes reservatórios pode alterar toda a dinâmica fluvial natural de um curso d’água, sendo necessária uma melhor compreensão das influências destas interferências em busca de um gerenciamento adequado, minimizando impactos negativos. Diante disto, este trabalho buscou identificar as alterações ocorridas no regime de vazões dos principais rios da bacia do rio Piracicaba, principalmente em decorrência da implantação dos reservatórios do Sistema Cantareira. As análises foram feitas com base nas séries de vazões médias diárias de quatro postos fluviométricos localizados nos rios Atibaia, Jaguari, Piracicaba, os quais tem seu regime de vazões influenciados pela operação dos reservatórios do Sistema Cantareira, e no rio Camanducaia, que encontra-se na mesma bacia hidrográfica e não sofre influência desse sistema, para efeito de comparação. Foi utilizado o software IHA (Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration), que calcula alterações em 33 parâmetros hidrológicos relevantes ecologicamente, que caracterizam a magnitude, o tempo, a frequência, a duração e a taxa de flutuações das vazões. Foi constatado que, a partir das décadas de 1970 e 1980, para os rios sob influência do Sistema Cantareira, no geral, houve uma diminuição nas vazões médias, de aproximadamente 24% no rio Atibaia, 50% no rio Jaguari e 14% no rio Piracicaba, sendo que o decréscimo das vazões ocorreu principalmente na estação seca (abril a setembro), além da redução no valor da mediana das vazões mínimas anuais de 7 dias consecutivos em 25%, 56% e 15%, respectivamente. Também foi constatado diminuição na duração das vazões mais altas. As mudanças mais significativas ocorreram no rio Jaguari, seguido pelo rio Atibaia e foram menos significativas no rio Piracicaba, o qual se encontra mais distante dos reservatórios. Já para o rio Camanducaia, após a década de 1970, não houve mudança no valor da mediana das vazões mínimas anuais de 7 dias consecutivos e constatou-se, no geral, um aumento nas vazões médias de aproximadamente 21%, assim como o aumento na frequência de ocorrência das vazões máximas. Porém, as mudanças não foram tão significativas como nos demais rios.
Dimensionless formulation for human stability in open flows
Authors: Simões André Luiz Andrade , Schulz Harry Edmar , Luz Lafayette Dantas da
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT The stability of humans partially immersed in risky open water flows, resulting from urban flooding caused for example by dam breaks, or failures in drainage systems, or natural extreme events, is a topic of increasing interest because it involves the human safety in an environment that is more and more subjected to extreme events of hydraulic nature. The studies in this field of the applied fluid mechanics generally present equations that handle the results through dimensional quantities. These results were generally obtained in specific experiments for the evaluation of the stability of models of the human body. Intending to advance in the direction of a more general formulation, a dimensional analysis for the problem of human stability in open flows is presented here, showing dimensionless groups that represent the mentioned problem. Equations using these nondimensional groups were then developed using statistical analyses and approximations based on principles of physics and on data of the human body. The results obtained with the proposed methodology are of very good quality, presenting high correlation coefficients and good agreement between measured and calculated data.
Evolution of physicochemical species concentration in streams based on heavy rainfall event data obtained for high-frequency monitoring
Authors: Girardi Rubia , Pinheiro Adilson , Torres Edson , Kaufmann Vander , Garbossa Luis Hamilton Pospissil
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Studies carried out over short time intervals assist in understanding the biogeochemical processes occurring relatively fast in natural waters. High frequency monitoring shows a greater variability in the water quality during and immediately after heavy rainfall events. This paper presents an assessment of the surface water quality parameters in the Atlantic Forest biome, caused by heavy rainfall events. The work was developed in two fluviometric sections of the Concordia River watershed, located in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. The spatial distribution of land use shows the predominance of Atlantic Forest in fluviometric section 1 (FS1) and pasture, forestry, agriculture, and Atlantic Forest in fluviometric section 2 (FS2). In each selected heavy rainfall event, the evolution rainfall height, the water level, and physicochemical parameters of water were analyzed. In all events, the water quality changed due to the heavy rainfall. After the events, an increase in water level and turbidity in both fluviometric sections were detected. In addition, the ammonium ion concentration increased in the river, and the pH value and nitrate concentration decreased. The electrical conductivity presented different behavior in each section. The dissolved oxygen concentration increased in 19 of 27 events. The principal component (PC1) correlated with the turbidity in FS1, and it correlated with level, turbidity, and pH in FS2.
Hydrological system time lag responses to meteorological shifts
Authors: Melo Davi de Carvalho Diniz , Wendland Edson
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT Hydrological system’s sensibility and resilience to dry periods are crucial for estimating the potential impacts of droughts. Quantifying response times (RT) of this system’s components relative to droughts allows one to develop a predictive understanding of future impacts. In this context, this study proposes the use of non-parametric statistical methods to estimate RT between meteorological shifts, given by the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), and the respective changes in the hydrological system, measured by river discharge (Q) and reservoir storage time series. Change point (CP) analyses were applied to time series of (i) SPI and accumulated storage relative to 32 reservoirs within the Paraná basin; and (ii) SPI, Q and reservoir storage relative to Furnas hydroelectric power plant. Based on the responses from CP analyses, RT in case (i) varied from 0 – 6 months, whereas, in case (ii), results indicate that significant changes in Q occurred in the same month of changes in rainfall. Results also suggest a minor role of anthropogenic factors (dam operation) compared to natural forcing in reservoir depletion during the 2014 drought than that in 2000/2001. This study reinforces the importance of an optimized reservoir management, considering the balance between anthropogenic and natural forcing as a strategy to combat droughts impacts.
Avaliação econômica de três tipos de suplementação mineral para bovinos de corte no Estado do Pará
Authors: Barbosa Francisberto B. , Bomjardim Henrique A. , Helayel Michel José S.A. , Faial Kelson C.F. , Oliveira Carlos M.C. , Malafaia Pedro , Brito Marilene F. , Barbosa José D.
Published: September 2016

Resumo: Em uma propriedade localizada na região nordeste do Estado do Pará foram analisadas alternativas de suplementação mineral para bovinos de corte, da raça nelore, machos, com idades entre 18 e 20 meses e pesos de 299,5 a 308,5 kg. Foram avaliados o custo benefício, os valores dos minerais no fígado e nas costelas e o ganho de peso médio diário dos animais submetidos aos diferentes tratamentos. O estudo foi realizado durante seis meses (março a agosto de 2012), no período de ótima oferta de pastagem. Foram utilizados 60 bovinos, divididos em três grupos de 20 animais em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado. O Grupo 1 foi suplementado com uma mistura mineral seletiva (MMS) composta por 25kg de NaCl, 50kg de fosfato bicálcico,190g de sulfato de Cobre, 60g de sulfato de Cobalto e 15g de selenito de sódio; essa mistura continha, em um quilograma, 133g de Na, 123g de P, 631 mg de Cu, 167mg de Co e 9 mg de Se; essa mistura foi proposta com base no prévio diagnóstico clínico-nutricional do rebanho. O Grupo 2 foi suplementado apenas com NaCl (Grupo controle) e o Grupo 3 recebeu uma mistura mineral comercial (MMC), rotineiramente utilizada na fazenda, contendo, em um quilograma, 130g de P, 220g de Ca, 18g de Mg, 36g de S, 6.000mg de Zn, 1.500mg de Cu, 2.000mg de Mn, 200mg de Co, 90mg de I e 36mg de Se. O melhor custo benefício foi obtido com a mistura mineral seletiva. A pastagem não contém Co suficiente para atender as necessidades dos bovinos do grupo controle, mas foi capaz de suprir as necessidades de P, Cu, Zn e Se durante os cinco meses do experimento.
Role of the autologous mesenchymal stem cells compared with platelet rich plasma on cicatrization of cutaneous wounds in diabetic mice
Authors: Argolo Neto Napoleão M. , Carlo Ricardo J. Del , Monteiro Betânia S. , Nardi Nance B. , Chagastelles Pedro C. , Brito Ana Flora S. , Reis Amanda M.S. , Silva Laís M.C.
Published: September 2016

Abstract: Chronic cutaneous lesions affect 15% of diabetic human patients and represent a risk 15 to 46 times larger of limb amputations compared to people with normal glycemia. It is assumed that half of these amputations could be prevented by early treatment of wounds, for example, with proper cell therapy. Objectives: In this study, the action of the autologous transplant of mesenchymal stem-cells (MSC) was evaluated compared to the treatment with autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) in the cicatrization of cutaneous lesions induced in diabetic mice. These animals were previously treated with streptozootocin to induce diabetes mellitus and round wounds of 1.5cm in diameter were created in the posterior region. Diameters of the wounds and healing time were evaluated during 30 days and the results were submitted to variance analysis and Tukey's test average. It was noticed that the animals treated with MSC presented a more accelerated cicatrization of the cutaneous lesion than the animals treated with PRP. However, the treatment with PRP presented better results than just the daily asepsis of the lesions with saline or covering them with semi-permeable bandage. Besides, the use of semi-permeable bandage kept the cutaneous lesions of diabetic mice did not interfere negatively with cicatrization, proved to be harmless to use, but kept the cutaneous lesions more hydrated than the ones exposed to the environment.
Aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral canina na zona rural do semiárido paraibano e análise de técnicas de diagnóstico
Authors: Silva Raizza B.S. , Mendes Rodrigo S. , Santana Vanessa L. , Souza Heitor C. , Ramos Catarina P.S. , Souza Almir P. , Andrade Paulo P. , Melo Marcia A.
Published: September 2016

Resumo: No Brasil, a leishmaniose visceral é causada pela Leishmania infantum. É uma zoonose crônica e, frequentemente, fatal, sendo considerada um grave problema de saúde pública no mundo e reconhecida pela Organização Mundial de Saúde como uma das dezessete "Doenças Tropicais Negligenciadas". O presente estudo foi realizado em 2012, na zona rural do município de Patos, semiárido paraibano, com o objetivo de estimar a prevalência, os fatores de risco da leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) na região e avaliar os testes de diagnóstico sorológico. Foram coletadas 362 amostras de sangue e a prevalência da infecção foi determinada através de três técnicas sorológicas (ELISA, RIFI e Teste Imunocromatográfico DPP - Dual Path Plataform), sendo consideradas positivas as amostras que apresentaram pelo menos dois testes reagentes. As amostras positivas na sorologia foram testadas na PCR e qPCR. Aplicou-se um questionário epidemiológico aos proprietários para identificação dos possíveis fatores de risco. A taxa de prevalência foi de 11,33% (41/362). Considerou-se o ELISA como padrão ouro, já que é o teste confirmatório para a LVC pelo Ministério da Saúde. O DPP (Dual Path Plataform) apresentou sensibilidade de 58% (95% CI: 0,43-0,72) e especificidade de 96% (95% CI: 0,93-0,98), com índice Kappa de 0,57. A RIFI apresentou sensibilidade de 85% (95% CI: 0,72-0,94), especificidade de 99% (95% CI: 0,98-1) e valor Kappa de 0,88. O fator de risco identificado na análise multivariada por regressão logística múltipla foi o sexo (OR=2,15 [1,09-4,21]) e os cães machos apresentaram 2,15 vezes mais chances de serem infectados, que pode ser justificado por serem mais utilizados para a caça e como cão de guarda, dois fatores que aumentam a exposição do animal ao flebótomo. Em função da taxa de prevalência encontrada, indica-se a aplicação de medidas de controle no município. Os resultados da comparação dos ensaios sorológicos demonstraram que o DPP (Dual Path Plataform) não é a melhor técnica para triagem dos animais positivos em função da baixa sensibilidade do método, sugerindo que o mesmo seja substituído pelo ELISA.
Infecção por pox vírus e Aspergillus fumigatus em Bubo virginianus (Coruja jacurutu)
Authors: Echenique Joanna V.Z. , Bandarra Paulo M. , Brauner Rodrigo K. , Soares Mauro P. , Coimbra Marco A.A. , Schild Ana Lucia
Published: September 2016

Resumo: Este trabalho descreve um caso de infecção mista por pox vírus e Aspergillus fumigatus em Bubo virginianus (coruja jacurutu). A ave, um macho adulto, foi encaminhada ao Núcleo de Reabilitação da Fauna Silvestre do Instituto de Biologia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (NURFS/CETAS/UFPEL). Apresentava bom estado corporal, estava ativa, porém com incapacidade de voo. Após três dias apresentou lesões crostosas e de aspecto verrucoso na superfície dorsal das patas. Havia, também, nódulos de mesmo aspecto na pálpebra esquerda e na cera. A ave morreu após 15 dias de sua chegada ao NURFS e foi necropsiada no Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (LRD/UFPel). Histologicamente, as lesões verrucosas caracterizavam-se por hiperplasia do epitélio e nas células das camadas basal, espinhosa, granular e córnea havia corpúsculos de inclusão intracitoplasmáticos do tipo Bollinger. Na microscopia eletrônica foram visualizadas partículas virais características de pox vírus, incluindo Bubo virginianus como um hospedeiro do vírus. Havia, ainda, infiltrado inflamatório de células mononucleares e focos de colônias bacterianas na derme. Nos pulmões havia congestão e presença de granulomas com hifas fúngicas, que pela técnica de Grocott, apresentaram ramificação dicotômica compatível com Aspergillus spp., identificado na cultura como A. fumigatus. O diagnóstico de infecção por avipoxvirus pode contribuir para estudos relacionados com a ocorrência desta doença nas populações de vida livre e como informação auxiliar para o manejo e conservação desta espécie. Sugere-se, ainda, a inclusão do uso de raios-X nos protocolos de centros de reabilitação como o diagnostico de aspergilose em aves rapinantes com bom estado corporal, porém incapazes de voar.
Avaliação dos fatores etários sobre a função renal de ovelhas Santa Inês
Authors: Henriques Laura C.S. , Gregory Lilian , Rizzo Huber , Hasegawa Marjorie Y. , Meira Jr Enoch B.S.
Published: September 2016

Resumo: Este estudo avaliou a função renal de fêmeas ovinas hígidas da raça Santa Inês, criadas no Estado de São Paulo, com o objetivo de estabelecer valores de referência, além de determinar possíveis variações dos valores de seus parâmetros causados por fatores etários. Foram determinados os valores de ureia, creatinina, sódio e potássio séricos e urinários, e os valores de GGT urinário de 128 animais, divididos em 4 grupos de acordo com a idade. Foi realizada, também a urinálise das 128 amostras de urina. Não foi observada diferença significativa dos valores de densidade entre todos os grupos. Entretanto, constatou-se aumento de valores de ureia, creatinina, sódio e diminuição de proteínas e GGT urinários nos grupos 2, 3 e 4 que eram mais velhos do que o grupo 1. Em relação aos parâmetros séricos, observou-se diferença significativa dos valores de ureia e creatinina entre os grupos, pois uréia e creatinina aumentaram e potássio diminuiu nos animais do grupo 2, 3 e 4 que eram mais velhos. Avaliando-se os resultados obtidos para os exames da função renal, verificou-se que os valores médios na urina da densidade foi de 1,03±0,01; pH 7,71±1,35; ureia em mg/dL foi 1342±1085; de creatinina 42,39±23,36; de proteínas totais em g/dL foi de 5,61±2,88; GGT em U/L foi de 1,44±1,31; sódio e potássio em mmol/L foi de 15,93±20,13 e 240±117 respectivamente. No soro verificou-se que os valores médios foram: de ureia em mg/dL 32,33±19,81; de creatinina 1,22±0,20; de sódio e potássio em mmol/L foram de 145,7±8,8 e 5,5±1,30 respectivamente.
Evaluation of thymic lymphocyte loss of broiler using Digital Analysis of the Lymphoid Depletion System (ADDL)
Authors: Carvalho Daiane , Moraes Lucas Brunelli de , Chitolina Gabriela Zottis , Herpich Juliana Inês , Osório Fernando Santos , Fallavena Luiz Cesar Bello , Moraes Hamilton Luiz de Souza , Salle Carlos Tadeu Pippi
Published: September 2016

Abstract: The thymus is a lymphoid organ and usually evaluated for the degree of lymphocyte loss with subjective histological techniques. This study aimed to adapt and to apply of the digital analysis of the lymphoid depletion system (ADDL) in the thymus in order to obtain a more accurate analysis. Glucocorticoid was used to induce immunosuppression in 55 broilers at 21 days of age; other 15 broilers were the control group. After euthanasia of the broilers, postmortem examination was made. Both thymic chains were collected and six lobes were selected for histological examination of the degree of lymphocyte depletion (scores 1 to 5) and for submission to all stages of processing by the ADDL system. The artificial constructed neural networks (ANN) obtained 94.03% of correct classifications. In conclusion, it was possible to adopt objective criteria to evaluate thymic lymphoid depletion with the ADDL system.