bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Training medical students in human rights: a fifteen-year experience in Geneva
Authors: Chastonay Philippe , Zesiger Véronique , Ferreira Jackeline , Kabengele Mpinga Emmanuel
Published: April 2020

Background: Training health professionals in the field of human rights has long been advocated by the United Nations. Over the past decade some medical schools have introduced health and human rights courses, yet by far not all. This paper describes the objectives and the content of the Health and Human Rights program developed at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva. Methods: The health and human rights program was developed through the identification of the course objectives, contents, and educational modalities using consensus techniques, and through a step by step implementation procedure integrating multiple evaluation processes. Results: Defined objectives included the familiarization with the concepts, instruments and mechanisms of human rights, the links between health and human rights, and the role of health professionals in promoting human rights. The content ultimately adopted focused on the typology of human rights, their mechanisms of protection, their instruments, as well as social inequalities and vulnerable groups of the population. The implementation proceeded through a step by step approach. Evaluation showed high satisfaction of students, good achievement of learning objectives, and some academic and community impact. Conclusions: High interest of students for a human rights course is encouraging. Furthermore, the community projects initiated and implemented by students may contribute to the social responsibility of the academic institution.
Basic essential education program (BEEP): a brief introductory faculty development course for medical teachers
Authors: Madan Robert , Hawa Raed , Ballon Bruce , Silver Ivan , Bernstein Stacey
Published: April 2020

Background: Physicians have a unique role in teaching future physicians and allied health professionals. Yet, most medical doctors have limited instruction in this critical component of their daily activity. Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study of the effectiveness of a local teaching program at two teaching hospitals for junior faculty. Based on a needs analysis and literature review, the teaching program was developed in an accessible and compact format of six consecutive, one-hour "lunch and learn" sessions, held locally over a six week period. Pre-post questionnaires and focus groups were used to evaluate the program. Results: Participants reported being satisfied with the course as whole, particularly in respect to the format and location. There was an improvement in their knowledge in all content areas covered. The greatest benefits were derived from fostering a community of practice and having the opportunity to role play and simulate teaching skills. An attitudinal change towards teaching was noted. Conclusions: A brief, local faculty development program was effective in enhancing physicians’ knowledge, skills, and attitudes in teaching.
Family medicine residents' risk of adverse motor vehicle events: comparison between rural and urban placements.
Authors: Janke Fred , Dobbs Bonnie , McKay Rhianne , Lindsell Meghan , Babenko Oksana
Published: April 2020

Background: Sleep deprivation and fatigue are associated with long and irregular work hours. These work patterns are common to medical residents. Motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) are a leading cause of injury related deaths in Canada, with MVC fatality rates in rural areas up to three times higher than in urban areas. Objectives: To: 1) examine the number of adverse motor vehicle events (AMVEs) in family medicine residents in Canada; 2) assess whether residents with rural placements are at greater risk of experiencing AMVEs than urban residents; and 3) determine if family medicine residency programs across Canada have travel policies in place. Methodology: A prospective, cross-sectional study, using a national survey of second-year family medicine residents. Results: A higher percentage of rural residents reported AMVEs than urban residents. The trend was for rural residents to be involved in more MVCs during residency, while urban residents were more likely to be involved in close calls. The majority of Canadian medical schools do not have resident travel policies in place. Conclusion: AMVEs are common in family medicine residents, with a trend for the number of MVCs to be greater for rural residents. These data support the need for development and incorporation of travel policies by medical schools.
Teoria e prática da etnicidade no Alto Juruá acreano
Authors: Pantoja Mariana Ciavatta , Costa Eliza Mara Lozano , Mauro William Barbosa de Almeida
Published: April 2020

Este artigo é uma reflexão crítica sobre algumas das bases conceituais com que a antropologia opera ao tratar da constituição de novas “identidades étnicas”, retomando o conceito de “comunidades étnicas” de Max Weber, e tomando como referência o caso recente dos índios Kuntanawa do Acre. Os Kuntanawa reivindicam hoje uma Terra Indígena própria enquanto povo indígena, tendo antes conquistado direitos territoriais enquanto “população tradicional” na Reserva Extrativista do Alto Juruá em cuja criação tiveram papel de destaque. Argumentamos que a formulação de Weber dá pistas para entender processos como esse combinando dimensões que costumam ser tratadas como se fossem inconciliáveis: de um lado, a dimensão pragmática e político-territorial e, de outro,  a dimensão ontológica da autoconstituição de comunidades étnicas.
Tensões e dinâmicas territoriais:
Authors: Fialho Vânia
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir os desafios enfrentados no momento em que o Nordeste se depara com uma recente onda desenvolvimentista que coloca em destaque a presença de povos e comunidades denominadas tradicionais nas áreas afetadas pelos novos empreendimentos. Utilizando como exemplo as dinâmicas territoriais dos povos indígenas de Pernambuco, enfatiza que a necessidade formal de identificação de comunidades tradicionais ou “especiais”, no caminho do desenvolvimento, tem explicitado contradições na concepção de Estado brasileiro e dado visibilidade a diferentes ruralidades.
O sindicalismo na agricultura familiar e a construção da pauta ambiental no Sul do Brasil
Authors: Picolotto Everton Lazzaretti
Published: April 2020

As preocupações ambientais têm influenciados os projetos políticos e a construção das pautas das organizações de agricultores familiares. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como estas preocupações têm sido assimiladas pela Federação dos Trabalhadores na Agricultura Familiar da Região Sul (FETRAF-Sul). Com base em pesquisa documental e entrevistas com lideranças de agricultores, fez-se uma leitura sobre o processo de construção da pauta ambiental no sindicalismo rural a qual indica que desde meados da década de 1980 o tema ambiental vem se fazendo presente na atuação sindical e que a forma como ele vem sendo entendido muda ao logo dos anos. Se em um primeiro momento tendia a ser associado com as consequências negativas da modernização da agricultura, no período mais recente o tema ambiental vem sendo colocado no centro do projeto de agricultura do sindicalismo rural e passa a fomentar a positivação do modelo de produção da agricultura familiar.
Licenciamento de barragens e a construção da rede social na Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais:
Authors: Santos Pollyana Martins , Ludwig Márcia Pinheiro , Oliveira Marcelo Leles Romarco de
Published: April 2020

O presente artigo tem como objetivo descrever a analisar o processo de formação da rede social formada por indivíduos integrantes de diferentes organizações na Zona da Mata mineira, articulados em função da defesa dos interesses de comunidades atingidas por barragens na região. O trabalho foi desenvolvido dentro de uma perspectiva metodológica predominantemente qualitativa, sendo empregadas como técnicas de coleta de dados entrevistas semi-estruturadas, além de pesquisa documental e científica. Os resultados obtidos apontam para a existência de uma rede de movimento social nos moldes definidos por Sherer-Warren (2006) em atividade na Zona da Mata mineira. É também possível observar que tal estrutura, ao problematizar a construção de empreendimentos hidrelétricos a partir da perspectiva das comunidades locais, tem alcançado significativa importância na contribuição para com o processo de legitimação de direitos e construção de justiça ambiental.
Factores limitantes en el proceso de elaboración del proyecto de investigación científica
Authors: Huaman Huayllas Pilar , Ruiz Aquino Mely
Published: April 2020

Objetivo. Identificar los factores limitantes en el proceso de elaboración del proyecto de investigación científica en estudiantes del Programa de Enfermería de la Universidad de Huánuco, 2019. Métodos. Fue un estudio observacional, prospectivo, y analítico. La muestra fueron 60 estudiantes. Los instrumentos de medición fueron la guía de entrevista de características generales de la muestra y dos cuestionarios, el de elaboración del proyecto de investigación y el de factores limitantes, los cuales fueron previamente validados. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó el chi cuadrado de independencia; y un valor de p < 0,05. Resultados. El proceso de elaboración del proyecto en el 53,3 % (32) fue adecuado. Contrastando las hipótesis se halló que los factores individuales: desinterés por aportar a la solución de problemas o necesidades a través de la investigación, bajo desarrollo del pensamiento crítico, poco hábito de lectura de artículos científicos, escaso compromiso para la elaboración del proyecto, desinterés por la investigación científica, insuficientes conocimientos para búsqueda de información científica, poco dominio del Word y otros programas informáticos, carencia de medios de almacenamiento o dispositivos de información y carencia de acceso a Internet. Los factores institucionales: baja interacción con el docente tutor para resolver dudas sobre el proyecto, desconocimiento del tema por el asesor de la tesis y la percepción de falta de competencias metodológicas de los docentes para asesorar proyectos; todos estos fueron limitantes significativos en el proceso de elaboración del proyecto de investigación científica. Conclusión.Los hallazgos resaltan la predominancia de los factores individuales como factores limitantes en el proceso de elaboración del proyecto científico.
Programa de nivelación académica y rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Huánuco
Authors: Pumayauri de la Torre Laddy Dayana , Aguierre Palacín Joel Guido
Published: April 2020

Objetivo. Determinar la correlación entre el Programa de Nivelación Académica y el rendimiento académico en los alumnos del 1.er ciclo de la Universidad de Huánuco en las asignaturas de Matemática Básica I y Lenguaje I durante el semestre 2018-I. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, retrospectivo correlacional. La población estuvo compuesta por 2075 estudiantes y una muestra no probabilistica de 276 estudiantes, distribuidos en los 14 programas académicos ofrecidos por la Universidad. Para la recolección de los datos se hizo uso de las pruebas escritas y el reporte de notas de los estudiantes obtenidos durante la implementación del Programa de Nivelación. Para el análisis inferencial de los resultados se utilizó la correlación de Pearson. Resultados. Referente a la correlación entre el Programa de Nivelación Académica y el rendimiento académico de los alumnos del I ciclo, se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (r) de 0,36 (p ≤ 0,000). Conclusión. El programa de nivelación académica, implementado por la Universidad de Huánuco durante el periodo 2018-I, mejora por tanto el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes del primer ciclo de las asignaturas de Matemática Básica I y Lenguaje I.
La gestión administrativa y el posicionamiento de la marca de un instituto de educación superior
Authors: Martel Carranza Christian Paolo
Published: April 2020

Objetivo. Analizar la relación existente entre las variables de investigación “gestión administrativa” y “posicionamiento de marca” en el Instituto Juan Bosco de Huánuco, durante el primer semestre académico del 2018. Métodos. El enfoque de investigación fue el cuantitativo y su diseño fue no experimental, se recolectaron datos por intermedio de una encuesta de opinión para conocer el comportamiento de las variables de estudio en los estudiantes de dicha institución educativa. Resultados. Se obtuvo un nivel relacional positivo fuerte (0,758) interpretado con la prueba correlacional de Pearson, por lo cual se constata que sí existe relación entre las variables; permitiendo entender, por consiguiente, que una adecuada gestión administrativa ayudará en el posicionamiento de la marca Juan Bosco dentro del mercado huanuqueño. Conclusión. Existe una relación significativa entre la “gestión administrativa” y el “posicionamiento de marca” en la empresa educativa Instituto Juan Bosco de Huánuco.
Análisis crítico de la intencionalidad comunicativa y comprensión del discurso en ciencias sociales
Authors: Rosas Dominguez Javier
Published: April 2020

Objetivo. Determinar la relación que existe entre el análisis crítico de la intencionalidad comunicativa y la comprensión del discurso en ciencias sociales, en estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la UNAS, Leoncio Prado, 2017. Métodos. La investigación se realizó en el marco del enfoque cuantitativo. El diseño que se utilizó fue no experimental de tipo transversal. La población fueron 54 estudiantes, mientras la muestra, fue de 40 estudiantes. Resultados. Fue al 95 % de confianza y 5 % de error. En ese sentido, se halló el p < 0,05 y coeficiente de Pearson en 0,944. Por lo tanto, existe relación entre el análisis de la intencionalidad comunicativa y la comprensión del discurso. Mientras los resultados en relación a la hipótesis especificas es como sigue: en la primera hipótesis, el p < 0,05 y el coeficiente de Pearson en 0,604; en la segunda hipótesis, el p < 0,05 y el coeficiente de correlación en 0,697; ya en la tercera hipótesis, el p < 0,05 y el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson en 0,466. Conclusión. Existe correlación positiva y significativa entre el análisis crítico de la intencionalidad comunicativa y la comprensión del discurso en los estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Agraria de la Selva. Asimismo, existe correlación positiva y significativa entre el análisis crítico de la intencionalidad comunicativa y las dimensiones de la comprensión del discurso. Por lo tanto, a mayor análisis crítico de la intencionalidad comunicativa mayor es la comprensión del discurso en ciencias sociales
Revista Desafíos
Authors: Escobedo Rivera Froilan , Pumayauri de la Torre Laddy Dayana
Published: April 2020

La Universidad de Huánuco, publica su segundo número de la Revista Desafíos, con líneas de investigación de las ciencias de la educación ciencias sociales y humanidades, tocando hacer un comentario para despertar el interés de docentes y estudiantes y seguir promoviendo el desarrollo de la investigación científica y visibilizando la producción científica, por cuanto es una función que la universidad ya lo viene asumiendo y esta alcanzará sus fines cuando las asignaturas que el estudiante lleve se articule con la investigación, ya no es la universidad solamente trasmisora de conocimientos donde la fuente de información era el docente sino aquel que orienta, aquel que motiva al estudiante a buscar los conocimientos a través de la investigación, porque la universidad se constituye en centro de creación de nuevos conocimientos, de nuevas técnicas buscando el bienestar social
Conocimiento, aplicación e integración de las TIC – TAC y TEP por los docentes universitarios de la ciudad de Ambato
Authors: Mayorga María
Published: April 2020

La tecnología no es algo de tiempos recientes, se ha convertido en el motor que mueve el desarrollo del conocimiento desde los orígenes del hombre, el acelerado desarrollo de éstas, ha generado transformaciones dentro del entorno educativo, jugando un papel primordial en los procesos de enseñanza – aprendizaje. Bajo este contexto esta investigación tiene como finalidad: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos, aplicación e integración de las TIC/TAC/TEP por parte de los docentes universitarios de la ciudad de Ambato. El diseño metodológico de esta investigación es mixto con un estudio descriptivo - transversal a través de la perspectiva cuali – cuantitativa La población de estudio representó 250 docentes universitarios de la ciudad de Ambato. Para el análisis se consideró criterios establecidos en base a lineamientos del Pentágono de Competencias TIC (MEN, 2013), en donde, se presentan las cinco competencias que debe desarrollar el maestro en los niveles TIC/TAC/TEP: Tecnológica, Pedagógica, Comunicativa, Gestión e Investigación. Dentro de los principales hallazgos se determina que los docentes universitarios presentan un promedio de nivel de conocimiento de TIC (96%), TAC (55%) y TEP (26%); de aplicación TIC (77%), TAC (28%) y TEP (13%); y, de intervención TIC (68%), TAC (15%) y TEP (6%).
Planta Piloto de Bombas Hidráulicas para la Enseñanza y Aprendizaje de la Mecánica de Fluidos
Authors: Barrios Jair , Ferrer Carlos , Rosillón Kenneth
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo fue desarrollado con el propósito de fabricar un banco de pruebas de bombas hidráulicas  portátil para aplicaciones didácticas para así estudiar el flujo de fluidos y sus características en el cual pudo desarrollar experiencias prácticas en el área de ingeniería, conociendo así como se maneja en el ámbito laboral e industrial el comportamiento de este, Por lo tanto este trabajo desarrollado fue sustentado por teorías de Bombas, Teoría, Diseño y aplicaciones, Maxtais (2009), Ciencia de los materiales, Smith (2001), Resistencia de los Materiales, Mott (2009), Introducción a la Ingeniería, White (2011). Por otra parte, la presente investigación se encontró en la modalidad de proyecto de tipo factible por consiguiente se usó la técnica de recolección de datos, como el manejo de técnicas de estadísticas, observación directa, entre otras. Finalmente, se realizaron procedimientos prácticos para la construcción de la planta piloto, como la de parametrización del diseño del mismo, la selección tanto de materiales como equipos, al igual que el diseño de este plasmado en planos acotados con la utilización de AutoCAD 2015 ®, desarrollando de esta forma las 5 etapas u fases de la fabricación de esta herramienta de estudio las cuales fueron validada por razón de la presión de operación, desempeño, cabezal y robustez de este.
La dirección en la gestión del conocimiento incide en el capital intelectual de las instituciones de educación superior del Ecuador
Authors: Jama Z. Victor R.
Published: April 2020

La dirección es sin duda una de las tareas que con prioridad deben atender las universidades una de las variables gestión del conocimiento. En este contexto el presente estudio se relaciona con las variables gestión del conocimiento en el proceso administrativo en su etapa de dirección y la variable capital intelectual. El objetivo planteado en este estudio fue determinar como la dirección de la gestión del conocimiento incide en el capital intelectual en las instituciones de educación superior de la zona 4 del Ecuador. La investigación es de tipo básica – longitudinal, empleando conjuntamente la exploración documental, histórico, transversal y correlacional. La metodología usada fue la recopilación de información obtenida a través de matrices de datos aplicadas a las unidades de análisis investigadas. Las dimensiones que más influyen en la variable gestión del conocimiento son la dirección y el control, en cuanto a la variable capital intelectual la dimensión que más interviene es el capital humano.
Exoplanets in the Antarctic Sky. III. Stellar Flares Found by AST3-II (CHESPA) within the Southern CVZ of TESS
Authors: Liang En-Si , Zhang 张 Hui 辉 , Yu Zhouyi , Yang Ming , Zhou Ji-lin , Ashley Michael C. B. , Cui Xiangqun , Du Fujia , Fu Jianning , Gong Xuefei , Gu Bozhong , Hu Lei , Hu Yi , Jiang Peng , Liu Huigen , Lawrence Jon , Liu Qiang , Li Xiaoyan , Li Zhengyang , Ma Bin , Mould Jeremy , Shang Zhaohui , Sun Tianrui , Suntzeff Nicholas B. , Tao Charling , Tian Qiguo , Tinney C. G. , Uddin Syed A. , Wang Lifan , Wang Songhu , Wang Xiaofeng , Wei Peng , Wright Duncan , Wu Xuefeng , Wittenmyer Robert A. , Xu Lingzhe , Yang Shihai , Yu Ce , Yuan Xiangyan , Zheng Jessica , Zhou Hongyan , Zhu Zhenxi
Published: April 2020

The CHinense Exoplanet Searching Program from Antarctica is a ground-based wide-field photometric survey using the AST3 and CSTAR telescopes located at Dome A, Antarctica. Blessed with the unparalleled observing conditions on the highest point of the Antarctic plateau, three remotely controlled, fully automatic telescopes (AST3-I, AST3-II, and CSTAR-II) carried out continuous high-precision photometric surveys through the polar nights of 2016 and 2017. During the observing seasons of 2016, a total of 26,578 light curves were obtained for stars within the area of the southern continuous viewing zone of TESS, covering an i-band magnitude range from 7.5 to 15. At m

i
 = 10, photometric precision reaches ∼2 mmag, allowing possible discoveries of sub-Jupiter-size exoplanets. Here we report 20 stellar flares with i-band energies larger than 1034 erg detected in the 2016 data set of AST3-II, all from different sources. We model the stellar flares and calculate the durations, amplitudes, energies, and skewnesses. The flare properties and the stellar properties of their sources are presented in this work.
First report of the root parasite Cansjera rheedei (Santalales: Opiliaceae) in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Po-Hao , Chung An-Ching , Yang Sheng-Zehn
Published: April 2020

The family Opiliaceae in Santalales comprises approximately 38 species within 12 genera distributed worldwide. In Taiwan, only one species of the tribe Champereieae, Champereia manillana, has been recorded. Here we report the first record of a second member of Opiliaceae, Cansjera in tribe Opilieae, for Taiwan.

The newly-found species, Cansjera rheedei J.F. Gmelin (Opiliaceae), is a liana distributed from India and Nepal to southern China and western Malaysia. This is the first record of both the genus Cansjera and the tribe Opilieae of Opiliaceae in Taiwan. In this report, we provide a taxonomic description for the species and colour photographs to facilitate identification in the field.
Emerging invasion threat of the liana Celastrus orbiculatus (Celastraceae) in Europe
Authors: Gudžinskas Zigmantas , Petrulaitis Lukas , Žalneravičius Egidijus
Published: April 2020

The woody vineCelastrus orbiculatus(Celastraceae), Oriental bittersweet, is an alien species that recently has been found to be spreading in Europe. Many aspects of its biology and ecology are still obscure. This study evaluates the distribution and habitats, as well as size and age of stands ofC. orbiculatusin Lithuania. We investigated whether meteorological factors affect radial stem increments and determined seedling recruitment in order to judge the plant’s potential for further spread in Europe. We studied the flower gender ofC. orbiculatusin four populations in Lithuania and found that all sampled individuals were monoecious, although with dominant either functionally female or male flowers. Dendrochronological methods enabled us to reveal the approximate time of the first establishment of populations ofC. orbiculatusin Lithuania. The youngest recorded individual with fruits was determined to be 10 years old. Analysis of radial increments revealed no reliable correlations with meteorological conditions. Therefore, we conclude that climatic conditions in the region are favourable for the growth, reproduction, and invasion of this species.C. orbiculatusproduces viable seeds, successfully reproduces and spreads within and around the established stands. The presence of seedlings and two- to four-year-old saplings in the population confirms constant generative recruitment. Available information on the distribution ofC. orbiculatusin Europe revealed its existence in 13 countries. In total, 58 occurrences of this species have been recorded in Europe so far. We consider that the lag period lasted until 2005 and that the exponential population growth phase has now set in. In Lithuania, the invaded area is quite small (0.51 ha); however, the total estimated invaded area in Europe could be about 250 ha. At the current stage of invasion and distribution in Europe, measures for control, management, and eradication ofC. orbiculatushave a chance of being effective and economically feasible.
Four decades of new vascular plant records for Greenland
Authors: Bay Christian
Published: April 2020

Records of new species of vascular plants in Greenland from the last four decades are presented and new phytogeographical data leading to extension of the known distribution limits in Greenland are discussed. Since the publication of the latest edition of the Flora of Greenland in 1978 (Böcher et al. 1978) fieldwork by Greenland Botanical Survey and other expeditions have taken place especially in West and East Greenland and in many remote areas in North and Northeast Greenland. This paper serves as an update of the Flora of Greenland. Twenty species, one subspecies and one new forma have been added to the flora of Greenland:Carex membranaceaHook.,Carex miliarisMichx.,Carex rhomalea(Fernald) Mack.,Equisetum hyemaleL.,Festuca edlundiaeS. Aiken, Consaul and Lefkovich,Festuca groenlandica(Schol.) Frederiksen,Festuca saximontanaRydb.,Galium verumL.,Geum rossii(R. Br.) Ser.,Papaver cornwallisenseD. Löve,Papaver dahlianumNordh.,Papaver labradoricum(Fedde) Solstad and Elven,Papaver lapponicum(Tolm.) Nordh., Pedicularis sudetica Willd. ssp. albolabiata Hult.,Poa flexuosaSm.,Puccinellia bruggemanniTh. Sør.,Ranunculus subrigidusW.B. Drew.,Silene vulgaris(Moench) Garcke,Trientalis europaeaL. andVeronica officinalisL. in addition to one subspecies Phippsia algida (Sol.) R. Br. ssp. algidiformis (H. Sm.) Löve and Löve. The viviparous form of Poa hartzii f. prolifera has been reported for the first time in Greenland. Presently, the total number of vascular plant species in Greenland is 532. 89 new northern and 28 new southern distribution limits are presented and 26 species are new to the flora province East Greenland, whereas 15 species are new to West Greenland. The numbers of new species to flora provinces North and South Greenland are 14 and one, respectively.
L’archive, mode d’emploi. Sur les façons de briser le code
Authors: Tersigni Olivia
Published: April 2020

Dans cet article on essayera de saisir les traits qui peuvent lier entre eux les réflexions amenées par Michel Foucault dans ses écrits dits littéraires (notamment par le biais de sa lecture de l’œuvre de Roussel), ses travaux archéologiques déroulés parallèlement pendant les années ’60, et l’articulation d’une pratique d’écriture comme procédé combinatoire qui aboutit à la fondation du groupe Oulipo. Cette triangulation sera éclairée en analysant le cas particulier d’un projet de revue italienne (qui n’a jamais vu le jour), dans le cadre duquel il était question de mettre en place une idée de littérature qui pouvait briser et bouleverser les bornes rigides de la notion classique du discours littéraire. À travers cette revue, animée par les écrivains Italo Calvino et Gianni Celati, on proposait une littérature définie comme archéologique ou comme bazar d’objets littéraires hétéroclites, qui mettait en évidence la potentialité d’ébranlement de l’ordre discursif ouverte par le livre jeu du langage avec sa propre matérialité nue, c’est-à-dire déliée de ses utilisations expressives et de signification. Ce jeu, entendu comme procédé mécanique, est précisément celui que Foucault soulignait dans ses analyses de l’écriture de Roussel, ainsi que celui qui avait été repris par les oulipiens.
A TOPSIS Method Under SVTN-Numbers Based on Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Problems
Authors: Polat Yadigar , Deli Irfan
Published: April 2020

Ranking of single valued trapezoidal neutrosophic numbers (SVTN-Numbers) plays a vital role in decision making and other single valued trapezoidal neutrosophic applications. In this chapter, the authors propose a new ranking method of SVTN-Numbers based on distance measure. Firstly, a new distance measure based on cut sets of SVTN-Numbers is developed. Secondly, some desired proportions and results of the distance measure are examined. Finally, the SVTN-Number method based on distance measure is given, and the effectiveness of our algorithm through a numerical example is illustrated.
Improved Correlation Coefficients of Quadripartitioned Single-Valued Neutrosophic Sets and Interval-Quadripartitioned Neutrosophic Sets
Authors: M. Mohanasundari , K. Mohana
Published: April 2020

A correlation coefficient is one of the statistical measures that helps to find the degree of changes to the value of one variable predict change to the value of another. Quadripartitioned single valued neutrosophic sets is an improvization of Wang's single valued neutrosophic sets. This chapter deals the improved correlation coefficients of quadripartitioned single valued neutrosophic sets, interval quadripartitioned neutrosophic sets, and investigates its properties. And this concept is also applied in multiple-attribute decision-making methods with quadripartitioned single valued neutrosophic environment and interval quadripartitioned neutrosophic environment. Finally an illustrated example is given in the proposed method to the multiple-attribute decision-making problems.
Of Elephants and Men
Authors: Phiri Sam , Mokorosi Lisebo
Published: April 2020

Ideally, social media are positive agents for modernization, empowerment, and gender equity in developing countries. This chapter scrutinizes that assumption by reflecting upon social media representation of leading Zambian women politicians at critical times in their political lives. It highlights the language used in blogs by critically examining its meanings through discourse and rhetoric analysis. Then, it is argued that social media are now extensively used to switch the tide against women occupation of social spaces. The chapter concludes that social media are avenues for hate speech and new glass ceilings and have been appropriated by patriarchy as oppressive tools in sub-Saharan Africa.
Influence of Humidy on Radon Volume Activity on Lands
Authors: Bouchalova Jana , Raclavská Helena , Klimantová Vendula
Published: April 2020

The research is primarily focused on the determination of humidity on radon volume activity in different soil gas permeabilities in a given land. The research also included the detrermination of the radon index in the given land. The mean concentrations of radon in soil gas during the drought ranged from 15.9 - 24.1 kBq/m3 and in the precipitation period 16.3 - 26.7 kBq/m3. The first area was characterized by low gas permeability of soils, where a low radon index was determined during the dry season and a medium radon index was determined in the precipitation period. The second area, the medium gas permeability of the soils was determined from the analysis of the collected soil samples. The values of the third quartile in both cases measurements of radon volume activity in soil gas fall into the middle class of radon index. The third location would be determined by high gas permeability of soils. The radon index of the given land during the drought was determined as the medium, as in the case of measurement of radon volume activity in soil gas in the period with added moisture in the soil profile. The analysis confirmed the effect of moisture on the volume activity of radon.
Possibilities of Improving the Properties of Arable Land by Application of Composts
Authors: Mudruňka Jaroslav , Hanuliaková Lenka , Vrublová Dana , Lyčková Barbora
Published: April 2020

Degradation of arable land can rightly be considered as one of the most serious environmental problems; therefore, detailed research is needed to examine the practical possibilities for improving soil properties. The application of compost and vermicompost substrates seems to be a very advantageous way of improving the quality of soil, which may also result in an increase in the yield of cultivated plants. At the same time, the use of compost, a product of completely natural decomposition of biowaste, as a suitable organic fertilizer for arable land, is a very desirable contribution to the principles of the circulatory and recycling society.
Building Materials as Potential Emission Sources of VOC in the Indoor Environment of Buildings
Authors: Harčárová Katarína , Vilčeková Silvia , Balintova Magdalena
Published: April 2020

People spend most of their time in various indoor spaces and their health is exposed to different kinds of air pollutants. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) belong to a group of chemical substances polluting the indoor environment. They come into the interior of buildings mainly from internal sources in the form of building materials, flooring, composite wood products, adhesives and other consumer products. Their presence in indoor air is monitored, due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects on human health. Many studies of indoor environment contaminated by VOC have been published during the last years. The present study provides general overview of the occurrence and emission sources of VOCs in the indoor environment of different types of buildings. The most frequently monitored indoor organic pollutants in terms of their occurrence and health risk are BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes), terpenes (α-pinene and d-limonene) and aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and benzaldehyde). Their concentrations in different indoor environments are variable and depend on factors such as emission characteristics of sources, microclimatic and ventilation conditions. Formaldehyde and toluene levels increased significantly with increasing room temperature. Benzene enters the indoor environment of buildings from external sources, especially from traffic or industrial areas. Formaldehyde, α-pinene and d-limonene originate from indoor sources as a part of building materials, furniture and household products.
Multiparametric positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Chan Sheng-Chieh , Ng Shu-Hang , Yeh Chih-Hua , Chang Kai-Ping
Published: April 2020

Objectives:

The clinical significance of positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) functional parameters in nasopharyngealcarcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. The purpose of this prospective study was two-fold: (1) to investigate the associations between simultaneously acquired PET/MRI perfusion, diffusion, and glucose metabolism parameters in patients with NPC and (2) to analyze their predictive value with respect to treatment failure.

Materials and Methods:

We enrolled 85 patients with primary NPC who simultaneously underwent18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT and PET/MRI before definitive treatment. The following variables were determined: (1) functional parameters from the MRI component, including perfusion values (Ktrans
,kep
,ve
, and initial area under the enhancement curve) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values, and (2) PET parameters, including metabolic tumor volume (MTV). The reciprocal interrelationships between these parameters and their correlations with treatment failure were examined.

Results:

We observed significant negative associations between Ktrans
and ADC (r = −0.215, P = 0.049) as well as between ve and ADC (r = −0.22, P = 0.04). Correlations between PET and MRI functional parameters were not statistically significant. Treatment failures were observed in 21.2% of patients without distant metastases. Multivariate analysis identified ve
as a significant independent predictor for treatment failure (P = 0.022), whereas MTV showed a borderline significance (P = 0.095). Patients in whom both ve
and MTV values were increased had a significantly higher rate of treatment failure (62.5%) than those with either one (21.9%) or no (7.7%) increased parameter (P = 0.004).

Conclusion:

Correlation analyses revealed complex interrelationships among PET and MRI indices measured in patients with NPC. These parameters may have a complementary role in predicting treatment failure in this clinical setting.
Multimodal imaging in Susac syndrome with classic clinical triad presentation
Authors: Rahhal-Ortuño Miriam , Martínez-Molina Marina , Orts-Llacer Javier , Fernández-Santodomingo Alex , Andreu-Fenoll María
Published: April 2020

A 22-year-old male was referred for headaches, hearing impairment, and right eye scotoma. Branch retinal artery occlusion was revealed during the ophthalmological examination. Susac syndrome was suspected due to the symptoms described and the absence of cardiovascular risk factors. An extensive ophthalmological examination, including multimodal imaging was carried out, which is of special interest as it is considered to be a rare syndrome.
Gelées tardives et viticulture en basse et moyenne Vallée de la Loire (France)
Authors: Cantat Olivier , Planchon Olivier , Quénol Hervé , Savouret Edwige , Bois Benjamin , Beauvais François , Brunel-Muguet Sophie
Published: April 2020

Dès que la situation météorologique est propice à l’établissement d’un temps clair et calme, des contrastes thermiques importants apparaissent de nuit au gré de facteurs locaux comme la topographie et la nature des sols. Si l’on croise ces composantes atmosphériques et géographiques avec la phénologie de la vigne, le printemps s’avère être une période particulièrement surveillée en raison de l’occurrence possible de gelées pouvant hypothéquer le développement du végétal et, par conséquent, pénaliser la production de raisins impactant les filières maraîchères et viticoles. Ce fut notamment le cas en France et dans certains pays voisins fin avril 2016, avec localement des gelées sous abri fortes (inférieures à -5°C) et durables (plusieurs heures consécutives). Le phénomène s’est également produit en 2017 et 2019. Pour illustrer les combinaisons de situations météorologiques et de phénomènes topoclimatiques à risques gélifs chez la vigne, l’étude de cas porte sur la basse et moyenne vallée de la Loire, région viticole française objet du programme européenLIFE-ADVICLIM (ADaptation of VIticulture to CLIMate change : High resolution observations of adaptation scenarii). Après avoir présenté le cadre climatique général du secteur d’étude, le contexte météorologique d’échelle synoptique et la particularité des gelées tardives par rapport à celles de pleine saison hivernale, l’article analyse la géographie à échelle fine de l’événement gélif du 27 avril 2016 entre Nantes et Orléans. Un zoom sur deux stations voisines représentatives de contextes géographiques différents (Romorantin à la topographie en creux sur sol sableux et Lye sur une colline dégagée) permet ensuite de montrer comment les jeux d’échelles spatio-temporelles mènent à une répartition thermique tout en contrastes, entre l’échelle synoptique (pour définir un potentiel de gelée tardive) et locale (pour en voir l’expression effective sur le terrain, en intensité comme en durée).
Pharmacovigilance in Ayurveda
Authors: Tripathi Arunabh , Sharma Rohit , Mitra Achintya , Ravte Rohit K , Hazra Jayram , Ram T Saketh
Published: April 2020

Aim:

To review the intrinsic tenants available for safe drug usage in Ayurveda and to contextualize the statistical signal detection techniques of current times in terms of Ayurvedic pharmacovigilance program.

Materials and methods:

Streamlining the information to develop a database that differentiates between known adverse drug reactions (ADRs) from hitherto unknown drug reactions per the standard definition of ADR. To introduce amicable statistical methods viz., Chi-square test, odds ratio (OR), and logistic regression for signal detection.

Results and conclusion:

The proposed method of developing a known ADR and safe drug usage practices described in Ayurveda that followed the application of standard operating procedures for signal detection as per the pharmacovigilance program by applying statistical methods suggested will ensure pragmatic signal detection.
Medicinal Plants
Authors: Suryavanshi Amrita , Kumar Suresh , Kain Dolly
Published: April 2020

Introduction:

In the recent decades, diabetes mellitus has emerged as a major health problem in the world and it is hampering the development economically and socially. Indeed, about 80% of the masses in the developing countries depend upon ancient systems of herbal formulations for their primary health concerns. Plants-based drugs and their constituents play a pivotal role in prevention and treatment of various diseases and are considered as rich resources that can be used in drug development and synthesis in future. The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze hypoglycemic properties of medicinal plants.

Aim:

The study is primarily focused to understand the historical and modern documentation related to treatment of diabetes and also to create the attention of pharmacologists, botanists, and phytochemists for further scientific research in the field.

Results:

This present review mainly focuses on 50 medicinal plants with hypoglycemic properties. Various research papers and studies have been reviewed on the role of diverse active chemical biomolecules associated with antidiabetic properties.

Conclusion:

Since time immemorial, plants have been the potential source of medicine and therefore the novel form of healthcare known. The hypoglycemic properties of medicinal plants verified by several researchers have confirmed the effective management of diabetes mellitus. This study concluded that the profiles of plant species were generally used for treatment of disease and having antidiabetic properties can be an effective source for the development of safer oral hypoglycemic agents.
الحوسبة الكمومية، المفاهيم الأساسية والدارات المنطقية الكمومية
Authors: الشوفي جمال
Published: April 2020

اﻟﻤﻠﺨﺺ

اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ اﻟﻜﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻫﻮ ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻳﺤﺎﻛﻲ ﻣﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻜﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ، ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ إﻋﺎدة ﺑﻨﺎء دارات وﺑﻮاﺑﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ اﻟﻜﻼﺳﻴﻜﻲ اﻋﺘﻤﺎدًا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ وﺧﻮارزﻣﻴﺎت اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻜﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ اﻟﻐﺮﻳﺒﺔ واﻟﻤﺪﻫﺸﺔ.
اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻜﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺼﺮ اﻟﺤﺪﻳﺚ، وﺗﻮﻗﻌﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻤﺒﻜﺮة ﻻﻛﺘﺸﺎف ﺧﻮارزﻣﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺗﻔﻴﺪ ﻏﺮض اﻟﺘﻄﻮر اﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ، ﻗﺎدﺗﺎ اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء إﻟﻰ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻤﺎذج ﻣﺨﺒﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﻮاﺑﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ ﻛﻤﻮﻣﻴًﺎ ﺗﺘﺠﺎوز ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻤﺼﻤﻤﺔ اﻋﺘﻤﺎدًا ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﺼﺎف اﻟﻨﻮاﻗﻞ واﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻜﻼﺳﻴﻜﻴﺔ، اﻟﺘﻲ ﺑﻘﻴﺖ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻜﻔﺎءة ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪي ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻠﻮغ اﻟﺘﺮاﻧﺰﺳﺘﻮرات ﻓﻲ وﺣﺪة اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪارات اﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ اﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺬري، وﺗﻘﻊ، ﺑﺎﻟﻀﺮورة، ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎء اﻟﻜﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﻔﻮق.
ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ، ﻧﺘﺘﺒّﻊ أﺷﻬﺮ اﻟﺨﻮارزﻣﻴﺎت واﻟﺒﻮاﺑﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﻮﻣﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﻧﻈﺮﻳًﺎ وﻣﺨﺒﺮﻳًﺎ، ﻣﺮورًا ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪة ﻟﺒﻨﺎء ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻚ واﻟﺘﺮاﺑﻂ اﻟﻜﻤﻮﻣﻲ، واﻟﺘﺪاﺧﻞ اﻟﻜﻤﻮﻣﻲ واﻟﻜﻴﻮﺑﺖ. وﻓﻲ ﺧﺎﺗﻤﺔ اﻟﺪراﺳﺔ، ﻧﻮﺻﻲ وﻧﺘﺮﻗﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ ﻓﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻋﺮﺑﻲ ﻳﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻤﻴﻘًﺎ ﻓﻲ إﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ وﻟﻮج ﻫﺬه اﻟﻌﻠﻮم اﻟﻌﺼﺮﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ زاوﻳﺘﻴﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ واﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ
Corporate Governance Variables and Integrated Reporting
Authors: Marrone Arcangelo
Published: April 2020

Integrated reporting (IR) represents the last frontier of corporate disclosure. Its purpose is to provide information on an organization's strategy and its business model, performance and governance, offering a clear overview of the organization's capacity to create value. From an academic point of view, the focus on integrated reporting has grown significantly in recent years. However, an aspect still little explored is represented by the level of compliance of the integrated reports with the IIRC requirements. Among the few studies on the issue of the level of alignment of integrated reports with the IIRC framework, only two focused on identifying the determinants. This work aims to bridge this gap through the analysis of the effect of three characteristics of the board (size, average age, gender diversity) and one of the CEO (duality) on the level of compliance of integrated reports with the IIRC framework. The results show a significant and positive effect of board size and board gender diversity on the level of alignment of integrated reports with the IIRC framework. They also show a significant and negative effect of the CEO duality and a not significant effect of the board average age.
ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF TOUR GUIDE AND TOUR GROUP LEADER SERVICES IN LIGHT OF SURVEY PILOT RESEARCH
Authors: Gryszel Piotr
Published: April 2020

Purpose. The objective of the article is to assess the quality of services provided by tour guides and tour group leaders within the context of deregulation of these professions.

Method. A survey questionnaire consisting of 14 questions characterising both traits and skills of tour guides and tour group leaders was used as a research tool to achieve the defined objective. The survey was conducted in the period from March 15 to May 31, 2018 among tourists participating in domestic and foreign trips. Correctly completed questionnaires (274) were collected in the course of the study, of which 121 referred to work quality of mountain and field guides, 103 concerned the quality of services provided by tour group leaders and 50 related to work quality of city guides.

Findings. The average assessment of all analysed traits was very high and amounted to 4.58 (!) on a five-point scale. The highest rated traits and skills were as follows: punctuality (4.75), knowledge of topography (4.73), personal manners (4.71), level of professional knowledge (4.7), efficiency in realising the itinerary (4.67), patience and self-control in action (4.6) and neat and good appearance (4.6). In turn, the lowest assessed features were the ability of selecting information (4.3), the skill of making contact (4.4) and the ability of expressing oneself correctly (4.41).

Research and conclusions limitations. Based on the conducted research, it cannot be determined whether the deregulation of both professions, i.e. tour guide and tour group leader, had any impact on the quality of provided services. The survey covered tour guides and tour group leaders who obtained their licences before the deregulatory regulations entered into force. No group of tour guides or tour group leaders who worked without completing any training was identified.

Practical implications. The research results can be used by diverse institutions introducing various types of certification systems for tour guide services as well as the Ministry of Sport and Tourism in the course of implementing the Sectoral Qualifications Framework in tourism.

Originality. The analysis of both tour guide and tour group leader quality of services is not often carried out in our country. The value of the study is the possibility of comparing current research results with the ones from 2006.

Type of paper. The article presents empirical research results focused on the quality of services provided by city, field and mountain guides as well as tour group leaders.