bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epidurale anesthesie en analgesie bij paarden
Authors: Michielsen A. J. H. C. , Schauvliege S.
Published: April 2020

Epidurale anesthesie is een loco-regionale anesthesietechniek waarbij medicatie geïnjecteerd wordt in de epidurale ruimte. Deze techniek werd in de humane geneeskunde ontwikkeld in de 19e eeuw en later ook toegepast in de diergeneeskunde. Enerzijds is epidurale anesthesie nuttig voor staande ingrepen, maar het kan ook gebruikt worden als onderdeel van een gebalanceerde anesthesietechniek of voor postoperatieve pijnbestrijding. Anesthesie en analgesie kunnen bereikt worden voor het bekken, de achterbenen, staart, vagina, vulva, anus of perineum en het abdomen. Hoewel de techniek bij verschillende indicaties gebruikt kan worden, zijn er echter ook enkele tegenindicaties en kunnen er complicaties optreden. Bij paarden kan een epidurale anesthesie craniaal (lumbosacraal) of caudaal (sacro-coccygeaal of Co1-Co2) uitgevoerd worden. Naast enkelvoudige injecties kan ook een epidurale katheter geplaatst worden voor herhaaldelijke toediening. Afhankelijk van het gewenst effect kan er een keuze gemaakt worden uit verschillende types medicatie (lokale anesthetica, alfa-2 agonisten, opioïden, ketamine, tramadol, tiletamine-zolazepam), combinaties van medicaties en injectievolumes.
Digitale dermatitis bij rundvee: Deel II: Behandeling, preventie en de link met andere treponemale ziekten
Authors: Vermeersch A. , Opsomer G.
Published: April 2020

Digitale dermatitis is wereldwijd de belangrijkste oorzaak van kreupelheid bij melkvee. In dit laatste deel van het tweedelige artikel wordt een overzicht gegeven van de behandelings- en preventiestrategieën. Er zijn verschillende behandelingen beschikbaar maar geen enkele kan het dier volledig doen genezen. Voetbaden en een hoge hygiënestandaard toepassen zijn manieren om de ziekte onder controle te houden. Bovendien wordt de link met andere (humane en niet-humane) treponemale ziekten besproken. Bij de mens zijn treponemen betrokken bij periodontitis, syfilis en vele andere ziekten. De dermatologische manifestatie van humane treponemale ziekten, zoals “yaws”, hebben een gelijkaardig voorkomen als acute digitale dermatitis. Digitale dermatitisachtige letsels werden reeds beschreven bij geiten, schapen en wapiti’s. De typisch geïsoleerde Treponema spp. kunnen ook gevonden worden bij het paard, op voeten aangetast door proliferatieve pododermatitis. Deze bacteriën kunnen niet alleen bij digitale dermatitis maar eveneens bij boviene ulceratieve mammaire dermatitis en slecht helende letsels aangetroffen worden bij rundvee.
Immuungemedieerde hemolytische anemie geassocieerd met chronisch fibroserende mediastinitis bij een Arabo-Fries paard
Authors: Ribonnet C. , Saey V. , Ducatelle R. , Palmers K.
Published: April 2020

In deze casuïstiek wordt een tienjarige ruin beschreven met immuungemedieerde hemolytische anemie geassocieerd met chronische fibroserende mediastinitis van onbekende oorsprong. De patiënt leed aan chronisch gewichtsverlies en intermitterende diarree en werd aangeboden in de kliniek met uitgesproken anemie, anorexie en koorts die reeds 24 uur aanwezig was. Een directe Coombs’ test was sterk positief voor IgG-autoagglutinatie. Bij het klinisch onderzoek werd geen onderliggend patho-logisch proces van de immuungemedieerde hemolytische anemie gevonden. Post-mortemonderzoek toonde groene vloeistof met voedselpartikels in het craniale mediastinum aan. Histologisch onderzoek suggereerde chronische fibroserende mediastinitis. Hoewel slokdarmperforatie hiervoor een mogelijke oorzaak is, werden bij macroscopisch onderzoek geen tekenen van ruptuur waargenomen. In deze casereport wordt aangetoond dat bij niet-responsieve, immuungemedieerde hemolytische anemie, een niet-gedetecteerde onderliggende pathologie, zoals chronische mediastinitis, aanwezig kan zijn.
“Boid inclusion body disease”: het enigma ontrafeld?
Authors: Hellebuyck T. , Simard J.
Published: April 2020

“Boid inclusion body disease” (BIBD) is een wereldwijd voorkomende aandoening bij boa’s en pythons. De exacte oorzaak van de aandoening bleef gedurende lange tijd onopgehelderd. Recent werd met behulp van hedendaagse diagnostische methoden en experimentele studies overtuigend bewijs geleverd dat reptarenavirussen het oorzakelijk agens zijn van BIBD. In tegenstelling tot wat algemeen wordt verondersteld, kunnen boa’s en pythons langdurig subklinische dragers zijn van deze virale ziekte. Alhoewel het oorzakelijk agens van BIBD werd aangetoond is het diagnosticeren van BIBD een uitdaging naargelang de betrokken slangensoort. Bovendien blijft het differentiëren tussen comorbiditeiten gerelateerd aan BIBD en klachten veroorzaakt door andere gelijktijdige ziekteprocessen problematisch. In dit artikel worden het ziekteverloop van BIBD bij pythons en boa’s en het management van de ziekte bij in gevangenschap gehouden slangen beschreven.
Algal beta-(1,3)-glucan and its effect on infectious bursal disease vaccination in poultry
Authors: Van Hamme V. , Spaepen R. , Smeets N.
Published: April 2020

Vaccination is used as a control and prevention tool for infectious bursal disease (IBDV) in poultry. A new strategy for improving vaccination efficiency is the use of in-feed immune modulating ingredients. The aim of this study was to test if the use of beta-(1,3)-glucans in feed can enhance IBDV vaccination. The trial was conducted in ROSS 308 broilers. In the study, a negative control group (not vaccinated, not supplemented), a positive control group (vaccinated, not supplemented) and a treated group (vaccinated, supplemented with beta-(1,3)-glucan) were included. All broilers, except the negative control, were orally vaccinated at 18 days of age with a live IBDV vaccine. Blood samples were taken at day 18 and 35 to measure antibody titers against IBDV. Serological analysis showed the presence of maternal derived antibodies at time of vaccination in some birds. The beta-(1,3)-glucan supplemented birds showed decreased CV% (coefficient of variation) and significantly increased average antibody titers compared to non-supplemented vaccinated birds. Additionally, the beta-(1,3)-glucan group showed increased number of birds with antibody titers above the titer threshold for protective immunity. The results obtained in the current trial clearly indicate that beta-(1,3)-glucan can increase seroconversion and serological response to IBDV vaccination.
Фотоотверждаемая полимерная композиция на основе термостойкого ароматического полиамида для формирования оптических элементов методом двухфотонной полимеризации
Authors: Ганин Д.В. , Дудова Д.С. , Шавкута Б.С. , Коркунова О.С. , Холхоев Б.Ч. , Тимашев П.С. , Бурдуковский В.Ф. , Минаев Н.В.
Published: April 2020

The optical properties of the polymer composition based on heat-resistant aromatic polyamide were established. An approach to the formation of three-dimensional micro-optical structures by the method of two-photon polymerization based on it has been developed. The regimes of polymer microoptical elements prototyping using a two-photon polymerization system with 525 nm wavelength laser source were worked out. The formed structures corresponded to the initial three-dimensional model, were optically transparent in the range from 450 nm to 1100 nm, including maintaining optical transparency after a series of heating cycles up to 300 ° C.
Активные формы кислорода в водных средах (обзор)
Authors: Беловолова Л.В.
Published: April 2020

The problems of the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in natural aquatic environments and living organisms are considered. The basic properties of ROS are given, which provide the features of their behavior. The main attention is focused on the analysis of data on the state of water systems with a slightly increased ROS content compared to equilibrium values.
Спектральный анализ костной ткани крыс при длительном антиортостатическом вывешивании и введении аллогенного гидроксиапатита
Authors: Тимченко Е.В. , Тимченко П.Е. , Писарева Е.В. , Власов М.Ю. , Волова Л.Т. , Фролов О.О. , Федорова Я.В. , Тихомирова Г.П. , Романова Д.А. , Даниэль М.А.
Published: April 2020

Исследована костная ткань крыс при моделировании остеорезорбции в условиях микрогравитации. Были исследованы образцы костей крыс самок и самцов с остеопорозом при лечении гидроксиапатитом с помощью метода спектроскопии комбинационного рассеяния. Установлены спектральные различия между исследуемыми образцами (контрольные образцы, образцы с моделью остеопороза, образцы с моделью остеопороза при лечении гидроксиапатитом). Ключевые слова: спектроскопия комбинационного рассеяния, спектр, микрогравитация, остеопороз, гидроксиапатит.
Применение спекл-корреляционного анализа для определения скорости кровотока
Authors: Савченко Е.А. , Величко Е.Н.
Published: April 2020

Optical methods based on the registration of speckle dynamics are widely used for the timely diagnosis of the microvasculature. This paper presents the results of the development of a laboratory model of a small-sized non-contact speckle sensor of the microvasculature, as well as the experimental technique. A speckle sensor model for determining the blood flow velocity in the microvasculature is presented. It may be the bases for creation of prototype sensor. The results of preliminary experimental studies of the possibility of monitoring blood microcirculation in the microvasculature using speckle correlation analysis are presented. During the experiments, a group of healthy volunteers aged 18-24 years are studied. The obtained results correlate with the results presented in the literature on the value of the determined blood flow velocity. The problems and prospects of speckle-correlation monitoring of the microvasculature in laboratory and clinical conditions are discussed.
Влияние дефектов на поглощение терагерцового излучения в монокристалле CdSiP-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-
Authors: Ноздрин В.С. , Чучупал С.В. , Командин Г.А. , Курлов В.Н. , Породинков О.Е. , Спектор И.Е. , Катыба Г.М. , Schunemann P.G. , Zawilski K.T.
Published: April 2020

Measurements of the transmission and reflection spectra of a CdSiP2 single crystal, performed in the temperature range from 80 to 300 K using pulsed terahertz and infrared Fourier spectroscopy, revealed a significant impact of post-growth defects on absorption in the THz range. It was found that this absorption is weakly dependent on temperature, in contrast to the previously obtained results for another crystal of the chalcopyrite family with s significantly lower concentration of defects. When cooling, the intrinsic absorption mechanisms were minimized and the contribution of defects to absorption was extracted
Терагерцовое излучение фотопроводящих антенн на основе сверхрешеточных структур \LT-GaAs/GaAs:Si\
Authors: Клочков А.Н. , Климов Е.А. , Солянкин П.М. , Конникова М.Р. , Васильевский И.С. , Виниченко А.Н. , Шкуринов А.П. , Галиев Г.Б.
Published: April 2020

A multilayer structure based on low-temperature LT-GaAs with crystallographic orientation (111) A is proposed for the fabrication of terahertz (THz) photoconductive antennas. The structures contain active layers of undoped LT-GaAs and high-temperature GaAs:Si layers doped with Si acceptors. At an optical pump power of 19 mW and a bias voltage of 30 V, a photoconductive antenna on an optimized {LT-GaAs / GaAs: Si} (111) A structure emitted THz pulses with an average power of 2.3 μW at a pulse repetition rate of 80 MHz, the conversion efficiency was 1.2 ∙ 10-4. It is shown that the dependence of the integrated power of THz antenna pulses based on {LT-GaAs / GaAs: Si} (111) A structures on the applied voltage is superlinear, and on the optical pump power it has the form of a saturation curve. The possibility of practical application of the obtained antennas for the tasks of terahertz spectroscopy of biological solutions is shown.
Оптические свойства гиперосмотических агентов для иммерсионного просветления тканей в терагерцовом диапазоне
Authors: Мусина Г.Р. , Гавдуш А.А. , Черномырдин Н.В. , Долганова И.Н. , Улитко В.Э. , Черкасова О.П. , Курлов В.Н. , Командин Г.А. , Животовский И.В. , Тучин В.В. , Зайцев К.И.
Published: April 2020

The transmission spectra of the most common hyperosmotic agents, such as pure glycerol, propylene glycol (PG), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), polyethylene glycol (PEG) with 200, 300, 400 and 600 Da molecular weights, and their aqueous solutions, as well as aqueous solutions of sucrose, glucose, fructose, dextran 40 and 70 were measured. The experiments were carried out using a THz pulsed spectrometer with a vacuum measuring compartment to reduce the effect of water vapor on spectral measurements. The dielectric properties of hyperosmotic agents were restored in the spectral range from 0.1 to 2.5 THz and the dependence of the amplitude absorption coefficient on the concentration of considered agents at 0.5 THz frequency was constructed. The obtained results make it possible to choose the optimal agents for immersion optical clearing in the THz range.
Sociodemographic Representativeness in a Nationwide Web-Based Survey of the View of Men on Involvement in Health Care Decision-Making: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study (Preprint)
Authors: Birkeland Søren F , Haakonsson Anders K , Pedersen Susanne S , Rottmann Nina , Barry Michael J , Möller Sören
Published: April 2020

BACKGROUND

Being able to generalize research findings to a broader population outside of the study sample is an important goal in surveys on the internet. We conducted a nationwide, cross-sectional, web-based survey with vignettes illustrating different levels of patient involvement to investigate men’s preferences regarding participation in health care decision-making. Following randomization into vignette variants, we distributed the survey among men aged 45 to 70 years through the state-authorized digital mailbox provided by the Danish authorities for secure communication with citizens.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the sociodemographic representativeness of our sample of men obtained in a nationwide web-based survey using the digital mailbox.

METHODS

Response rate estimates were established, and comparisons were made between responders and nonresponders in terms of age profiles (eg, average age) and municipality-level information on sociodemographic characteristics.

RESULTS

Among 22,288 men invited during two waves, a total of 6756 (30.31%) participants responded to the survey. In adjusted analyses, responders’ characteristics mostly resembled those of nonresponders. Response rates, however, were significantly higher in older men (odds ratio [OR] 2.83 for responses among those aged 65-70 years compared with those aged 45-49 years, 95% CI 2.58-3.11; P<.001) and in rural areas (OR 1.10 compared with urban areas, 95% CI 1.03-1.18; P=.005). Furthermore, response rates appeared lower in areas with a higher tax base (OR 0.89 in the highest tertile, 95% CI 0.81-0.98; P=.02).

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, the general population of men aged 45 to 70 years was represented very well by the responders to our web-based survey. However, the imbalances identified highlight the importance of supplementing survey findings with studies of the representativeness of other characteristics of the sample like trait and preference features, so that proper statistical corrections can be made in upcoming analyses of survey responses whenever needed.
Perioperative Hypocortisolism – An Ongoing Conundrum (Preprint)
Authors: Kuthiah Navin
Published: April 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

Adrenal crisis can be triggered by surgery leading to dire consequences. Based on early evidence in the 1950s, the medical fraternity has been pre-emptively providing supplemental dose of steroids for patients with known adrenal insufficiency and to those at risk. However, this approach has been refuted by subsequent studies. This led to a quandary as whilst adrenal crisis is to be avoided, patients should not be exposed to superfluous administration of steroids which can cause detrimental effects. Numerous studies have ineffectually attempted to identify the patients at risk by means of quantifying the amount of preoperative steroids consumed and by utilising basal and dynamic testing. Studies indicate that given the significant variability between individuals on the requirements of perioperative supplemental steroids, a standard encompassing guideline should not be implemented. Instead a personalized approach should be taken for each case. Steroids at preoperative doses will be adequate in the perioperative period for most cases. However, all patients must be closely monitored for any possible features of hypocortisolism and the threshold for supplemental steroid administration should be low. For patients given supplemental steroids, the dose should be titrated down to preoperative doses at the soonest based on the patient’s clinical progression. A short duration of high dose supplemental steroids is unlikely to result in any adverse effects.
COVID-19 as the Catalyst of E-leadership and ICT Implementation in Israeli Arab Sector Elementary Schools
Authors: Soleman Habib Allah
Published: April 2020

The article discusses the vicissitudes of practical implementation of distance learning by the use of ICT technologies in the elementary schools of Israel’s Arab sector, following the lock-down induced by COVID-19 pandemic. The author describes his own experience of distance learning as a pedagogical coordinator, while addressing various aspects of collaborative practices, parental cooperation, and leadership in the context of emergency management policies and methods. The experience is certainly both unprecedented and informed by lessons learned from previous emergencies: the author seeks to integrate the existing scholarly and practical frameworks of knowledge and the conclusions that can already be drawn from the experience that is entirely new, ongoing, and open-ended. The article discusses strengths and weaknesses of distant learning experience in the elementary school and provides tentative recommendations for the unknown and uncertain future.
Controversia en el marxismo contemporáneo: financiarización, capital que devenga interés y capital ficticio
Authors: Villavicencio Giovanni
Published: April 2020

En los últimos años, un grupo de autores marxistas ha destacado en sus investigaciones el enorme peso de las finanzas sobre la economía utilizando la noción de financiarización, sin embargo, dentro del seno mismo de esta tradición no se ha llegado a un consenso claro sobre cuál debería ser la definición universal de esta palabra. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la financiarización desde una perspectiva marxista, identificando las controversias teóricas que están presentes en las discusiones en torno al marxismo contemporáneo, desde el diálogo entre autores localizados en diferentes latitudes, hasta los debates más personales entre autores que conviven como compañeros de trabajo en la misma institución. Así, frente a este mar de interpretaciones marxianas, buscamos rescatar los elementos clave que podrían dar pauta a la construcción de una teoría marxista de la financiarización. Primero, se analizan diferentes perspectivas sobre el concepto financiarización que han sido propuestas por autores que se identifican a sí mismos como marxistas y después, se aborda la discusión teórica inspirada en el marxismo clásico sobre las categorías capital que devenga interés y capital ficticio.

 
Variaciones idealistas: Schopenhauer, la “cosa en sí” y el problema de la negación
Authors: Olvera Granados Zaida Verónica
Published: April 2020

A 200 años de la redacción de El mundo como voluntad y representación sigue siendo un desiderátum el hablar de Schopenhauer como miembro de la tradición filosófica alemana conocida como idealismo alemán. El propio filósofo se reclamó un heredero legítimo de la filosofía kantiana, la cual es, entre otras cosas, el gran pilar filosófico del idealismo alemán. Y no sólo se reclama su heredero, sino que, como los propios idealistas, también intentó reformular o neutralizar la problemática en torno a la “cosa en sí”. En este trabajo se analizará la estrategia que Schopenhauer siguió para reformular dicha problemática. La estrategia en cuestión es una doble comprensión de la negación: la negación encarnada por aquello que Schopenhauer denomina fenómeno, y la negación de la voluntad. La caracterización de ambos tipos de negación permitirá tener una idea más clara del lugar que ocupa Schopenhauer en la discusión, propiamente postkantiana, acerca de la “cosa en sí” o lo incondicionado (das Unbedingt).
Leibniz. Del panlogicismo y la metafísica del cálculo o de cómo imaginar una harmonia praestabilita
Authors: Hernández Moreno Jesús Carlos
Published: April 2020

La filosofía de Leibniz es considerada por los historiadores de la filosofía de diferentes y hasta opuestas maneras. En efecto, hay quienes consideran a Leibniz como “el gran espíritu universal de la modernidad” (Otto Saame) o como el filósofo pasado “de quien resultan hoy vigentes mayor número de tesis” (José Ortega y Gasset), pero también quienes consideran que su importancia no es “tan enorme que no se pueda concebir la historia del espíritu humano sin ella” (H. Glockner). Sin caer en estas descripciones lo que llevo a cabo en el artículo es un ensayo de comprensión de la filosofía de Leibniz según la cual ésta sería un panlogicismo en el que, a través de una metafísica del cálculo, se imagina una harmonia praestabilita.
Wound Healing Activity of Calotropis Procera Root Bark on Diabetic Rats
Authors: Mali Rohit P. , Rao Priya S. , Vikhe D.N.
Published: April 2020

Herbal therapy and herbal medicine in traditional medicine as well as in alternative medicine practiced in the developed world. There is recent most of the harbal formulation are used to cure & improve the humal life. The present study Wound healing activity of Calotropis procera root bark on diabetic rats in that root bark is extracted from ethanolic extract using soxhlet method. The pharmacognostic study was done after that phytochemical characters should be studied. The root bark has alkaloids, Flavonoids, steroids and tannins active constituents.  Acute toxicity study carried out with three pharmacological models Incision model, Excision model, and Dead space model. All the extract show predominant activity against selected species. Extract shows beneficial effect on diabetic wound it heals in time with standard component. Overall results of this study reveals that this is an effective extract on diabetic wound.

Keywords: Traditional medicine, Calotropis procera, Wound Healing Activity
Inhibition of Pro-Inflammatory Molecules by Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and its Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Arthritis Patients
Authors: Mutthuraj D , Vinutha T , Gopenath TS , Kaginelli B , Karthikeyan M , Ashok G , Ranjith MS , Palanisamy Pradeep , Basalingappa Kanthesh M
Published: April 2020

Herbal medicinal plants are used to treat various disorders in many traditional medicinal systems around the world. Usage of this herb found in Indian and Chinese medicinal systems. The availability of ginger herb is Universal these days, where it is cultivated for its underground stem (Pseudo-stem). Most commonly used part is rhizome. This  ginger rhizome has many therapeutic uses including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetics, antioxidant, anti-microbial and also curing in vomiting, constipation, indigestion, cold, fever,cough, nausea, reparatory conditions, bronchitis  etc., these activities were checked using different solvents of different polarity. Arthritis is known for its extreme joint pain and swelling may be treated by using ginger essential oil extract. It was studied that it has the capacity to reducing the pro-inflammatory molecules by lowering the RA-F, CRP, ESR level in the blood.The essences of ginger are due to the chemicals present in them. The products obtained from the ginger like essential oil and oleoresin are used all around the world for its food and pharmaceutical properties.The bioactive compounds like [6]- gingerol and its dehydrated form [6]- shogaol can inhibits the production of free radicals and oxidative stress, along with this properties it can reduce the pro-inflammatory molecules like prostaglandins by inhibiting COX-1 and COX-2.It also observed by the recent studies that the ginger and its extract have the capacity of suppressing the leukotriene biosynthesis by inhibiting 5-lipoxygenase. To this effect in-vitro study conducted in the lab shows the maximum inhibition as well as maximum protection by the ginger essential oil extract. The essential oil extraction were administered external apply and the variation in the certain proteins and inflammation related antibodies were studied.

Keywords:  Zingiber offcinale, Spice, Arthritis, Essential oil, Anti-Inflammatory, Gingerol, Shogaol, Auto-Immune Disorders.
Designing and Synthesis of Flavonoids Derivatives and Screening of their Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Sharma Mukesh , Ahuja Dharmendra , Jain Anurekha
Published: April 2020

The flavonoids present in red wine were responsible this low cardiovascular mortality rate. Epidemiologic studies further suggest that dietary flavonoids are useful to control and protect the CHD. The flavonoids are yellow color substance (pigments) and the name given on the basis of Latin term Flavus which means yellow color. Flavonoids are derivatives of benzo-pyrone. Banzopyrone is a group of heterocyclic aromatic oxygen containing compounds. Finely powdered zinc chloride (8.25) was dissolved in glacial acetic acid (18ml)  by heating on sand bath then dry resorcinol (appx.5.5 gm) was added with  continuous  stirring to the mixture at  1400C. Antioxidant Screening by hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Hydrogen peroxide solution (40 mini moles) was prepared with standard phosphate buffer of pH 7.4. Different concentration of the compound stock solution and 4ml distilled water was added to 0.6 ml of hydrogen peroxide solution. UV absorbance was determined at the wavelength of 230 nm after 10 min with a blank solution containing phosphate buffer without H2O2. Take 4 ml different concentration of sample solution and 1ml sodium nitroprusside solution, added and incubated for 2.5 hrs at 370C. After incubation baseline was taken with methanol and 1ml sodium nitroprusside solution as blank solution. Griess reagent and methanol was added immediately before recording of readings. The readings were recorded at 546nm wavelenth. In the series of synthesized and evaluated compounds of Flavanoid electron withdrawing group at position four shows good activity. 2,3-dihydroflavan-3-ol derivatives showed lower activity than that of 3- hydroxyflavone derivatives. The 4-oxo (keto double bond at position 4 of the C ring), especially in association with the J2-J3 double bond, increases scavenger activity by delocalizing electrons, 3-hydroxy group on the C ring generates an extremely active scavenger; the combination of J2-J3 double bond,3-hydroxy group and 4-oxo group appears to be the best combination for potent antioxidant activity.

Keywords: Flavonoids, Antioxidant activity, Hydrogen peroxide scavenging, free radicals
Chemical composition, antibacterial activity of essential oil and anatomical study of Chrysanthemum morifolium
Authors: BOUKHEBTI Habiba , Demirtas I. , Omar L. , Chaker A.N.
Published: April 2020

The aim of this study is to identify the chemical composition and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Chrysanthemum morifolium. The analysis and identification of essential oil which obtained by hydrodistilation method were realized by gaz chromatography and mass spectroscopy. The antibacterial activity was tested by using the agar diffusion test and the Gram positive and negative pathogenic bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090, Kleibseilla pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and Shigella sonnei were used to evaluate this activity. This analysis led to the identification of 26 compounds representing 88.40 % of the total essential oil mass. The major compound was Verbenone (17.33 %). Other components present in appreciable contents were: Chrysanthenone (9.71%). 4-epi-cubedol (07.25%) and δ-Cadinol (05.29 %). Essential oil of Chrysanthemum morifolium exhibited an antibacterial effect against pathogenic bacteria, like those observed against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (35±1.2mm) and Citrobacter freundii ATCC 8090 (21±0.87mm), however Pseudomonas aeruginosa  ATCC  27853  and  Kleibseilla  pneumoniae  ATCC  700603                      were resistant. The anatomical study showed the presence of several types of trichomes including the glands secreted for essential oils and protector trichomes.

Keywords: essential oil, antibacterial activity, Chrysanthemum morifolium, anatomical study, chemical composition
Design of Some Benzimidazoles as Target for α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Authors: Mishra Shweta , Dahima Rashmi , Sharma Rajesh
Published: April 2020

Diabetes mellitus is rising globally touching more than 180 million people worldwide. This is prevailing mostly in type 2 diabetes and according to WHO report the incidence is likely to be more than doubled by 2030. α-Glucosidase inhibitors work by reducing the amount of glucose that the intestines absorb from food. In this work, forty-five benzimidazole analogues were studied using 3D QSAR, HQSAR, pharmacophore mapping and based on their results 60 compounds were designed. The results show that the best Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (CoMFA) model has q2 = 0.742 and r2 = 0.973, and the best Comparative Molecular Similarity Indices Analysis (CoMSIA) model has q2 = 0.679 and r2 = 0.918. For HQSAR the best model has q2 = 0.773 and r2 = 0.964. The r2 value for boostrap for CoMFA and CoMSIA are 0.98 and 0.97 respectively. Pharmacophore mapping revealed varied bioactive regions of ligand. Thus, these compounds could be used as lead for designing the synthesis of potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.

Keywords: Acarbose, Alpha-glucosidase inhibition, Benzimidazoles, Molecular modelling, Post-prandial hyperglycemia
Relation between Concentrations of Lead, Cadmium and Mercury in Cord Blood and Prematurity in the Sidi Bel Abbes Region (West of Algeria)
Authors: Bouhadiba Hadjer , Demmouche Abbassia
Published: April 2020

Background: Exposure to heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and mercury during pregnancy carries a great risk to the mother as well as the fetus. Methods: Lead, cadmium and mercury were measured in umbilical cord blood samples of 3 groups women (30 women’s for lead, 30 cadmium and 10 from mercury) in maternity of Sidi Bel Abbes region in Algeria between 2016 and 2017.The objective of this study was to measure in the blood of the umbilical cord the concentration of lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd), and to evaluate the relationship between these levels and prematurity. The lead, cadmium and mercury levels were measured by atomic absorption. Results: The study showed obvious variations in, maternal characteristics. The results revealed several factors predisposing to prematurity. The mean concentrations of cord blood lead, cadmium and mercury were; 18.97 µg/L, 0.26 µg/L, and6.20 nmol/L, respectively.  There was a highly significant direct correlation between cord lead concentrations and gestational age(r=0.43; P = 0.017), and we found that gestational age and birth weight inversely correlated with cord mercury concentration (r=0.44 and r=0.57 respectively).No correlation was observed between cord cadmium concentrations and gestational age. Conclusion: This study has shown that pregnant women in this region were exposed to high levels for heavy metalswhich need an intervention.

Keywords: Lead. Cadmium, Mercury, Pregnancy, Prematurity, Fetal exposure, Algeria.
Screening of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Potential of Leaves Extract of Litsea glutinosa
Authors: Sharma Brijesh K. , Loksh Kavita R. , Jain Alok Pal
Published: April 2020

Litsea glutinosa (Lour) leaves are deliberated as worthy traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to screen the phytochemicals, to evaluate the total flavonoid contents as well as antioxidant activity of various extract of Litsea glutinosa (Lour). The phytochemical analysis of each solvent extract was also carried out. Total flavonoid content was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric assay. Antioxidant activity was determined using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) free radical scavenger methods. Phytochemical screening of various extract revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Diterpenes, Proteins, Carbohydrate and Saponins. The total flavonoid content was found 1.89, 5.01 and 3.16 mg/100mg of dry weight of pet ether, ethanol and aqueous extract respectively, expressed as Quercetin equivalents. Antioxidant activity was performed using three methods DPPH, Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay and Hydrogen Peroxide scavenging activity.  Our current results emerged that Litsea glutinosa (Lour) act as an antioxidant agent due to its free radical scavenging. So, the plant may be further pursued to find out for its pharmacological active natural products.

Keywords: Litsea glutinosa (Lour), Qualitative, Quantitative phytochemical, Antioxidant activity.
A study to assess the effectiveness of a self-instructional module on prevention and control of nosocomial infection in terms of knowledge and practice among staff nurses working in surgical unit of the Civil hospital, Ahmadabad
Authors: Mansuri Mustufa U. , Mansuri Farzana
Published: April 2020

Background: Nosocomial infection is also called as 'Hospital Acquired- Infection’. It can be defined as an infection whose development is favoured by a hospital environment, such as one acquired by a patient during a hospital visit or one developing among hospital staff. The nosocomial infection rate is alarming and is estimated at about 30-35 percent of all hospital admissions. Many lives are lost because of the spread of infections in hospitals. Nosocomial infections are important contributors for morbidity and mortality. They became more important public health problem with increasing economic and human impact.

Aims and objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of the staff nurses working in surgical unit of civil hospital Ahmedabad before and after the administration of self-instruction module on prevention of control of nosocomial infection (HAIs). To find co-relation between pre-test knowledge and post-test knowledge.

Material and Methods: This study was conducted using the quasi experimental research approach and research design used was one group pre and post test.30 staff nurses working in surgical unit of civil hospital Ahmedabad are selected by convenient sampling method. Collection tool used on staff nurse was structured knowledge questionnaire and observational checklist

Results: findings revealed that majority of sample (46.66%) were in the age between 21 to 30 years. According to qualification highest percentages (43.33%) belong to G.N.M. Majority had experience between 5 to 7 years (30%). Study findings revealed that the knowledge score of the sample show marked increase as seen in the post-test score of the experimental group indicates that the self-instructional module was effective in improving the knowledge and practice of the samples.

 Key words:  Nosocomial infection, Prevention, control, staff nurse
Methodological provisions for the formation of an industrial enterprise management system based on the use of its potential
Authors: Kostyukhin Yuri Yu. , Moseykin Yuri N.
Published: April 2020

From the perspective of enterprise development, all problems can be divided into two types: routine or technical, and development or improvement. At the same time, routine problems and procedures obscure development goals and problems. In addition, studies show that about 80-85% of problems are routine problems that could take 20% of managerial time, while 95% of manager’s time is taken and give only 20% of the organization’s efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to classify problems, build a solution algorithm, implement and transform this algorithm until it becomes absolutely correct (the percentage of errors in such processes is 1-2) and effective. It should be borne in mind that the problem may be existing or real and far-fetched.
Assessing methodology of banks' ratings and their competitive positions: overview of main rating agencies
Authors: Grigorieva Elena M. , Vukovic Darko
Published: April 2020

This paper analyzes methodologies of credit rating assessment of major rating agencies, with the focus on Fitch Ratings (Fitch). The methodology data were collected from Fitch Ratings. Also, the article review international literacy for factors and indicators adequacy in rating assessments. The purpose of this research is to overview literacy for the primary methodologies of banks' credit rating assessment. It was explained that ratios from financial indicators are most important for credit rating assessment. In some cases, in sovereign countries, support and macroeconomic factors are significant. We concluded that this area is still not enough researched and that in the future, the number of studies will appear with different methodological proposals and improvements.
China - EU: legal framework and trade cooperation at the present stage
Authors: He Mingjun
Published: April 2020

Relations between the EU and China are of global importance, and these ties are likely to expand in the coming years. Analyzing the trade relations between the EU and China in 2009-2018, the author notes their activation and at the same time the growth of instability and imbalance. The main purpose of this article is to answer the question, what are the success factors and problems of cooperation in the field of mutual trade, in order to identify the conditions that can play an important role in the process of strengthening bilateral ties between China and the European Union. According to the author, China and the European Union, taken together, can become engines of a more cooperative approach to world politics, global stability and regional economic prosperity.
Prediction of student academic performance using Moodle data from a Further Education setting.
Authors: Quinn Rory Joseph , Gray Geraldine
Published: April 2020

Increasingly educational providers are being challenged to use their data stores to improve teaching and learning outcomes for their students. A common source of such data is learning management systems which enable providers to manage a virtual platform or space where learning materials and activities can be provided for students to engage with. This study investigated whether data from the learning management system Moodle can be used to predict academic performance of students in a blended learning further education setting. This was achieved by constructing measures of student activity from Moodle logs of further education courses. These were used to predict alphabetic student grade and whether a student would pass or fail the course. A key focus was classifiers that could predict likelihood of failure from data available early in the term. The results showed that classifiers built on all course data predicted student grade moderately well (accuracy= 60.5%, kappa = 0.43) and whether a student would pass or fail very well (accuracy= 92.2%, kappa=0.79). However, classifiers built on the first six weeks of data did not predict failing students well. Classifiers trained on the first ten weeks of data improved significantly on a no-information rate (p<0.008) though more than half of failing students were still misclassified. The evidence indicates that measures of Moodle activity on further education courses could be useful as part of on an early-warning system at ten weeks.
Ergenlerde Saldırganlık: Duygu Düzenleme ve Duygusal Başa Çıkmanın Rolü
Authors: CENKSEVEN ÖNDER Fulya , CANOĞULLARI AYAZSEVEN Özge
Published: April 2020

Araştırmada ergenlerin saldırganlık (fiziksel saldırganlık, sözel saldırganlık, öfke, düşmanlık, dolaylı saldırganlık) düzeylerini duygu düzenleme ve duygusal başa çıkma becerilerinin ne düzeyde yordadığını belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma 277’si (%58.3) kız ve 198’i (%41.7) erkek toplam 475 lise öğrencisi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada Saldırganlık Ölçeği, Ergenler İçin Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği ve Duygusal Başa Çıkma Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı ve çok değişkenli regresyon analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda duygu düzenleme ve duygusal başa çıkmanın boyutlarının lise öğrencilerinin saldırganlık puanlarının toplam varyansının %45’ini açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca dışsal ve içsel işlevsel olmayan duygu düzenlemenin saldırganlığın tüm alt boyutlarını (fiziksel saldırganlık, sözel saldırganlık, öfke, düşmanlık, dolaylı saldırganlık) anlamlı olarak yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Duyguyu ifade etme, fiziksel saldırganlığın; duyguyu işlemleme ise düşmanlık ve sözel saldırganlığın anlamlı yordayıcılarıdır. Saldırganlığın duygu düzenleme ve duygusal başa çıkmayla ilişkisi göze alındığında ergenlere duygularını düzenleme ve duygularıyla uyumlu biçimde başa çıkma konusunda psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik hizmeti verilebilir. Ergenlerde duygu düzenleme konusuna yönelik grup rehberlik çalışmaları geliştirilebilir ve okullarda bu çalışmalara ağırlık verilebilir. Ülkemizde ergenler arasında saldırganlığın hızla yaygınlaşması saldırganlığı yordayan başka faktörlerin de araştırılmasını gerekli hale getirmektedir.
Uma abordagem ampliada da reduplicação no Vocabulario Portuguez, e Latino de Bluteau (séc. XVIII)
Authors: Santos Antonia Vieira dos
Published: April 2020

Constitui o objetivo deste trabalho descrever a reduplicação no Vocabulario Portuguez, e Latino... de Rafael Bluteau (1712-1728), importante fonte para o estudo do léxico português, analisando-se a representatividade desse fenômeno a partir dos itens lematizados. A reduplicação é descrita no âmbito da morfologia não concatenativa e é definida como "um processo morfológico que envolve a cópia de material fonológico de uma base" (GONÇALVES; VIALLI, 2016, p. 57), podendo, a unidade lexical, resultar da cópia de toda a palavra (reduplicação total: cai ➝ cai-cai) ou de parte dela (reduplicação parcial: pai ➝ papai). O fenômeno resulta, portanto, da relação da morfologia com a fonologia. No entanto, a concepção de reduplicação utilizada neste artigo é ampla, pois inclui casos de onomatopeia, em geral não considerados nos estudos sobre o tema. Neste trabalho, apresenta-se ainda, de forma breve, uma análise das marcas de uso que Bluteau atribui a algumas formas reduplicadas. Os resultados desse estudo certamente servirão como contributo para as pesquisas empreendidas no presente com base em dados da sincronia atual.
"Que cousa he virgula?": a mudança nas funções da vírgula em doutrinas gramaticais do século XVII ao XIX
Authors: Rodrigues Aline De Azevedo , Gonçalves Maria Filomena
Published: April 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar aspectos do desenvolvimento histórico do sistema de pontuação e de escrita. Para tanto, focalizamos as diferentes funções da vírgula observadas em prescrições gramaticais de língua portuguesa publicadas entre os séculos XVII e XIX, o que aqui interpretamos como efeito de diferentes concepções de linguagem, de pontuação e de relação entre fala e escrita. Ao longo do trabalho, defendemos a hipótese de que a complexidade parece ser uma propriedade constitutiva do sistema de pontuação, em razão de sua história heterogênea. Com base nos resultados, encontramos uma mudança funcional ao longo dos séculos que sugere uma coexistência de várias funções, fato que corrobora a teoria que considera os sinais de pontuação como evidências da natureza multidimensional da linguagem.
A combinação de prefixos no galego-português
Authors: Lopes Mailson Dos Santos
Published: April 2020

Almejamos descrever panoramicamente a combinação de prefixos no galego-português dos séculos XIII a XVI, mediante uma análise de vocábulos prefixados depreendidos de um corpus textual representativo desse macrossistema linguístico em seu arco temporal arcaico. O que aqui denominamos de combinação ou combinatória de prefixos, como os próprios termos sugerem, consiste na adjunção de um prefixoa um vocábulo já prefixado, como, por exemplo, em arrenegado (a(d)- + re-), desencaixotar (des- + en-) e reconfirmação (re- + com-). Embora presente no vernáculo desde os seus primórdios (na verdade, algo que já se verifica na língua latina), a combinação de prefixos tem sido pouco explorada nas línguas românicas e na sua matriz genolexical. Apresentaremos alguns comentários descritivo-analíticos sobre a configuração do fenômeno no período recortado, fincados na observação dos moldes combinatórios entre os formativos envolvidos, com a identificação daquelas unidades prefixais que se prestam a essa operação, quais têm maior capacidade geradora e em qual posição normalmente figuram. A proposta vem pautada no lastro teórico-epistemológico das premissas fundamentais da morfologia histórica, numa visão epistemológica compromissada com o fato linguístico, com a valorização do dado empírico e com a consideração do evidente fator diacrônico da língua, apoiando-se em uma intersecção entre informações de natureza histórica e um olhar sistêmico dos processos morfolexicais.
Ideia Geographica dos territorios portuguezes que comprehende o Governo e Capitania General do Matto Grosso e Cuiabá. Confinantes as Provincias Castelhanas de Chiquitos e de Mojos
Authors: Rodrigues Carmem Marques
Published: April 2020

O mapa “Ideia Geographica dos territórios portuguezes que comprehende o Governo e Capitania General do Matto Grosso e Cuiabá. Confinantes as Provincias Castelhanas de Chiquitos e de Mojos” faz parte do acervo cartográfico da Biblioteca Nacional, e é uma peça representativa dos mapas regionais manuscritos da segunda metade do século XVIII. Normalmente utilizados apenas como ilustrações, os mapas são intrigantes documentos históricos que podem revelar muito mais informações do que apenas a geografia representada, e uma das ferramentas para trabalhá-los é História da Cartografia. Centrada em uma abordagem transdisciplinar, a História da Cartografia conjuga métodos de análise internos e externos, pois não analisa os mapas como fins em si mesmos, ou seja, peças puramente técnicas, mas como objetos históricos, carregados de significados. Neste estudo iremos analisar o mapa “Ideia Geographica” a partir dessa metodologia com o intuito de apresentar e convidar os pesquisadores a trabalhar com os mapas para além das ilustrações.
Sobre la flora y vegetación liquénica de las lavas básicas del sureste de España
Authors: Egea José María , Llimona Xavier
Published: April 2020

Las lavas básicas que afloran en distintos puntos del sureste de España, en condiciones más o menos térmicas y áridas, presentan comunidades de líquenes que se diferencian de las que se observan sobre lavas ácidas, en la misma zona, en diversos aspectos: a. Presencia de especies nitrófilas preferentemente silicícolas. b. Alta representación de especies calcícolas raramente observadas sobre rocas silíceas. c. Ausencia de numerosas especies típicas de las rocas silíceas ácidas del SE de España. d. Dominancia de las comunidades del Peltulion euplocae y del Caloplacion irrubescentis y ausencia de las del Dimelaenion radiatae y Lecanorion montagnei. Se incluye una lista de las 88 especies reconocidas. Se describe como nueva la subasociación Acarosporetum heuflerianae subas. caloplacetosum teicholytae.
Líquenes epifíticos de algunas localidades costeras de Marruecos
Authors: Alonso F. Leandro , Egea José M.
Published: April 2020

Estudio florístico de los líquenes epifíticos recolectados en varias localidades costeras de Marruecos. Se citan 61 taxones de los cuales son nuevas citas para Marruecos: Arthothelium sardoum, Bacidia igniarii, B. laurocerasi, Bacidina phacodes, Bactrospora patellarioidesvar. convexa, Cladonia coniocraea, Lecanora horiza, Pertusaria coccodes, Physconia enteroxantha, Rinodina anomala y R. oleae.