bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Specific features of impaired intestinal digestion, absorption, and microbiocenosis in patients with cholelithiasis
Authors: Vakhrushev Ya M , Lukashevich А Р
Published: March 2017

Aim. To perform a comprehensive study of intestinal digestion, absorption, and microbiocenosis in various stages of cholelithiasis (CL). Subjects and methods. A total of 76 patients with of CL, including 44 patients with its Stage I and 32 patients with Stage II, were examined. Mono-, di - and polysaccharide load tests and a scatological study were performed to evaluate the processes of digestion and absorption in the intestine. The hydrogen breath test using lactulose was carried out to study small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). The state of colon microbiocenosis was determined by plating feces onto various selective nutrient media. Results. All digestive process stages in the small intestine were noted to be impaired in CL. In Stage I CL, cavitary digestion was mainly impaired; in Stage II, all digestive and absorptive processes were abnormal. Scatological examination in patients with Stage I CL revealed steatorrhea in 79.5%, creatorrhea in 75%, and amylorrhea in 36.4%. In Stage II CL, digestive and absorptive disorders progressed. SIBO was detected in 68.5% whereas in 70% of cases, it was located in the distal small intestine in the presence of insufficiency of the ileocecal sphincter apparatus. A regularity was found between the severity of SIBO and impaired small intestinal cavitary digestion. SIBO was more common in the pre-gallstone stage of CL than in its gallstone stage. Dysbiosis of the colon was detected in 100% of the examined patients with CL; moreover, as the latter progressed, dysbiosis worsened. Conclusion. There is new information about impaired intestinal digestion and microbiocenosis in patients with CL.
Elastography in the diagnosis of portal hypertension in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Liusina E O , Pavlov Ch S , Ivashkin V T
Published: March 2017

Aim. To establish the diagnostic accuracy of liver and spleen density (LD and SD) measurements in patients with compensated alcoholic liver cirrhosis (LC) in the diagnosis of portal hypertension. Subjects and methods. The investigation enrolled 83 patients with compensated alcoholic and viral (hepatitis C virus) LC. All the patients underwent LD and SD determinations, abdominal ultrasonography, and endoscopy to detect esophageal varices (EV), as well as examination of blood indices. Results. In viral LC, there were substantial LD differences in patients with and without EV. The patients with EV were ascertained to have higher LD [27.9 (21—45) kPa] than those without EV [19.5 (16—26.2) kPa]. SD was also significantly higher than that in the EV group than in the non-EV group (p
Vibrio natriegens - DNA transformation by electroporation v1
Authors: Lee Henry , Nili Ostrov not provided
Published: March 2017

Electroporation of V. natriegens cells is a rapid 2-hour protocol, from culture inoculation to plating. Each transformation produces>10^5CFU / µg plasmid DNA.Each transformation requires 10mL of LB3 (high-salt) media, corresponding to 50uL of 200x concentrated cells.
Influencia de las prácticas de liderazgo pedagógico en las prácticas pedagógicas docentes: caso en Chile de las Unidades Técnicas Pedagógicas
Authors: Rodríguez Molina Guillermo Andrés , Gairín Sallán Joaquín
Published: March 2017

El artículo es el resultado de una investigación doctoral que aborda el tema del liderazgo pedagógico, específicamente, se analizó la influencia de las prácticas de gestión curricular de las Unidades Técnicas Pedagógicas (UTP) en las prácticas docentes de establecimientos municipales de Chile. Este estudio fue realizado mediante una metodología mixta, con un diseño cualitativo con enfoque de estudio de casos y uno cuantitativo del tipo descriptivo. El trabajo de campo se realizó en dos regiones de Chile encuestando a 567 Jefes de Unidades Técnicas Pedagógicas (JUTP) y 5 casos. Entre los resultados encontramos que los JUTP tienen mayor preparación en ámbitos de gestión pedagógica que los directores, además utilizan entre el 40 y 100% de su tiempo en tareas de la enseñanza y el currículo, también son los que implementan sobre un 90% todas las prácticas de liderazgo pedagógico y que las prácticas de reflexión pedagógica y retroalimentación tienen un influencia positiva en los docentes. Una de las principales conclusiones es que los JUTP ejercen la mayoría de funciones del liderazgo pedagógico, son reconocidos como líderes pedagógicos por el cuerpo docente, a nivel de prácticas tienen una influencia directa y positiva en varias de las prácticas pedagógicas de los profesores.
Lapsos de língua e discurso: uma análise do termo nasciturno
Authors: Fedatto Carolina P.
Published: March 2017

Resumo: A partir de reflexões sobre erro, analogia e formação de palavras nos estudos da linguagem, da consideração do estatuto dos lapsos e atos falhos na psicanálise e das discussões da análise do discurso sobre o papel constitutivo da memória na estruturação da língua, o artigo apresenta uma análise do termo nasciturno, que apareceu como um lapso no contexto das polêmicas sobre o projeto de lei conhecido como Estatuto do Nascituro. Discutem-se as implicações entre a ordem da língua e a ordem do discurso na emergência de lapsos discursivos, isto é, formações lexicais que irrompem socialmente pela articulação da língua com o real da história. Pela consideração dos efeitos da poesia na língua e da exterioridade constitutiva, propõe-se uma análise do acontecimento do termo nasciturno, mostrando a imbricação entre forma linguística, incompletude do sentido e seu atravessamento pelo inconsciente e pela ideologia.Palavras-chave: lapsos de língua; lapsos discursivos; inconsciente e ideologia; língua, discurso e poesia.Abstract: From the reflections on error, analogy and word formation, in language studies, the consideration of the establishment of lapses and Freudian slips in psychoanalysis and the discussions taken by discourse analysis about the founding role of memory in the structuring of language, this paper presents an analysis of the term nasciturno, which arose as a lapse in the context of the parleys about the Brazilian bill known as Estatuto do Nascituro. We discuss the entailments between the order of language and the order of the discourse in the emergence of discursive lapses, which are nonstandard lexical structures repeated in many contexts and not connected to a sole speaker’s speech. From the pondering that exteriority is constitutive of language and of the effects of poetry in it, we propose an analysis of the event of the term nasciturno, showing the imbrication between linguistic form, meaning incompleteness and its crossing by unconscious and by ideology.Keywords: language lapses; discursive lapses; unconscious and ideology; language, discourse and poetry.
A compreensão da argumentação linguística: hipótese de interação entre leitura e oralidade
Authors: Souza Ana Cláudia de , Weirich Helena Cristina , Procailo Leonilda
Published: March 2017

Resumo: Este artigo objetiva desenvolver e discutir aspectos teóricos relativos à hipótese que fundamenta a interação entre os sistemas linguísticos verbais, no que diz respeito à interferência do conhecimento da linguagem verbal escrita para fins de leitura na maneira como se compreendem aspectos da argumentação linguística na oralidade. A hipótese discutida se fundamenta nos estudos de Olson (1977; 1996; 1997), e a perspectiva de argumentação linguística, nas formulações teóricas de Ducrot (1987; 1989; 2002). Se o domínio da leitura interfere no modo de compreensão de articuladores de argumentação linguística, é possível que se explique por que tais elementos da linguagem verbal, conforme advoga Kail (1978; 2013), são adquiridos tardiamente.Palavras-chave: compreensão da linguagem; argumentação linguística; domínio da leitura; hipótese da interação entre os domínios linguísticos escrito e oral.Abstract: The present article aims at developing and discussing theoretical aspects pertaining to the hypothesis that underlies the interaction between verbal linguistic systems in terms of interference of written verbal language knowledge with reading purposes in the way comprehension aspects of oral linguistic argumentation happen. The hypothesis under discussion herein is grounded in studies by Olson (1977; 1996; 1997), and the linguistic argumentation perspective is based on the theoretical formulations by Ducrot (1987; 1989; 2002). If reading ability influences the way connectives of linguistic argumentation are comprehended, it is plausible to argue that those verbal language elements, according to Kail (1978; 2013), are only acquired later.Keywords: language comprehension; linguistic argumentation; reading ability; oral and written linguistic domains interaction hypothesis.
An experimental evaluation of gastro protective activity of paracetamol on ulcerogenicity of some NSAIDs in albino rats
Authors: Y. R. Rajashekar , S. N. Shobha
Published: March 2017

Background: Fixed dose combinations (FDCs) of NSAIDs are commonly prescribed and extensively sold over the counter. An indiscriminate usage of them leads to toxicity, mainly involving gastrointestinal system. Paracetamol appears to have controversial reputation regarding its gastro protective action. In this background, the study was planned to evaluate gastro protective effect of paracetamol on the ulcerogenicity of some relatively new NSAIDs in their therapeutic and sub therapeutic doses.Methods: Gatric toxicity and gastric juice analysis- Pyloric ligation method was adopted for assessing the ulcer index of 3 NSAIDs namely aceclofenac, nimesulide and lornoxicam individually and in combination with paracetamol. Gastric juice collected was subjected for total juice volume, free acidity, combined acidity and total acid output.Results: Paracetamol produced non significant gastric damage similar to that of control. When co administered with therapeutic doses of aceclofenac, nimesulide and lornoxicam, there was significant decrease in their gastric toxicity in a uniform manner and the ulcerogenicity of these NSAIDs in sub therapeutic doses was not affected by paracetamol. This upholds the uniform gastro protective activity of paracetamol in this study and this could be explained by its anti acid secretory action on gastric juice.Conclusions: Paracetamol, itself has least gastric damaging property. When co administered with other NSAIDs, their toxicity is rather reduced than enhancing the mucosal damage by them. Thus FDCs of various NSAIDs available in market are partially justifiable.
An MR-Based Viscosity-Type Regularization Method for Electrical Property Tomography
Authors: Li Changyou , Yu Wenwei , Huang Shao Ying
Published: March 2017

Here, a method based on viscosity-type regularization is proposed for magnetic resonance electrical property tomography (MREPT) to mitigate persistent artifacts when it is used to reconstruct a map of electrical properties based on data from a magnetic resonance imaging scanner. The challenges for solving the corresponding partial differential equation (PDE) are discussed in detail. The existing artifacts in the numerical results are pointed out and classified. The methods in the literature for MREPT are mainly based on an assumption of local homogeneity, which makes the approach simple but leads to artifacts in the transition region where electrical properties vary rapidly. Recent work has focused on eliminating the assumption of local homogeneity, and one of the solutions is convection–reaction MREPT that is based on a first-order PDE. Numerical solutions of the PDE have persistent artifacts in certain regions and global spurious oscillations. Here, a method based on viscosity-type regularization is proposed to effectively mitigate the aforementioned problems. Finite difference method is used for discretizing the governing PDE. Numerical experiments are presented to analyze the problem in detail. Electrical properties of different phantoms are successfully retrieved. The efficiency, accuracy, and noise tolerance of the proposed method are illustrated with numerical results.
A personagem infantil homoafetiva sob a luz da “differánce” derridiana
Authors: De Sousa Benedito Teixeira
Published: March 2017

Neste artigo, procuramos analisar, levando em conta principalmente o conceito da diferença [“differánce”], de Jacques Derrida, de que forma três narrativas da literatura brasileira tratam em seus enredos personagens infantis homoafetivas. A análise busca pensar a literatura como excesso, como devir, como instrumento privilegiado da desconstrução derridiana, como possibilidade de “dizer tudo”, de acolher o outro, o diferente. Em nome do desejo, de João Silvério Trevisan; Três histórias no internato, de Autran Dourado, e Capitães da areia, de Jorge Amado, apresentam, sempre buscando transpor as amarras discursivas, personagens que carregam condições de outridade, do estrangeiro, do intruso, propostos por Derrida, conceitos bastante comuns à infância e à homoafetividade.
A poética do outro em Niketche: figuras de alteridade na literatura moçambicana
Authors: De Carvalho Isaías Francisco Francisco
Published: March 2017

RESUMO: Analisa-se a condição da mulher negra moçambicana, no contexto da literatura pós-colonial, a partir da obra Niketche: uma história de poligamia (2004), enfocando-se as figuras de alteridade presentes na narrativa. O ponto fulcral da análise reside no estudo da poética do outro, afirmando-se a importância de se narrar a si mesmo ao suplantar o não-dizer do feminino negro. Graças à proeminência dos estudos pós-coloniais, esse Outro permanece em suspenso, ocupando um espaço intervalar, e passa a questionar a história única narrada sobre si. A personagem Rami, velha imagem outrizada, se desconstrói na medida em que uma nova imagem de mulher, parcialmente autorizada, é (re)construída. Trata-se de uma investigação de cunho bibliográfico, fundamentada nos estudos culturais e pós-coloniais.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Mulher Negra. Alteridade. Pós-colonial.
A experiência da morte na poesia de Max Martins
Authors: Ribeiro Natália Lima , Ferraz Antônio Máximo
Published: March 2017

Este trabalho propõe a interpretação da questão Morte na poesia de Max. Hoje, a Morte reduziu-se a conceitos, e passa, e passa, comumente, a não mais ser vista como questão que provoca o pensamento. Isto ocorre em  função do esquecimento da questão do Ser, o qual caracteriza nossa era. Paralelamente, ão do Ser, o qual caracteriza nossa era. Paralelamente, o questionar e o pensar foram engessados devido à interpretação da tradição metafísica sobre o real. Porém, em Max Martins, principalmente na obra O estranho O estranho O estranho O estranho O estranho (1952), (1952), (1952), (1952), por meio do exercício da memória e do relembrar dos mortos, o homem pode novamente vislumbrar seu destino  o homem pode novamente vislumbrar seu destino e r questionar -se sobre este fenômeno constitutivo da existência. Assim o fazendo, a experiência da Morte passa a ser vista  como o télos da vida, a plenificação da existência humana. Para o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, propomos um diálogo, entre outros, com os pensadores Martin Heidegger (2012) e Heráclito de Éfeso 1991). Heidegger (2012) e Heráclito de Éfeso 1991).
Ensaio Fotográfico A fala entre parênteses
Authors: Rego Ronaldo Moraes
Published: March 2017

Ensaio Fotográfico A fala entre parênteses
REPRESENTAÇÕES DE DOCENTES SOBRE VIOLÊNCIA NAS ESCOLAS: UM ESTUDO EM UMA ESCOLA RIBEIRINHA
Authors: Lobato Vivian da Silva
Published: March 2017

Resumo: Este trabalho de pesquisa orientou-se pelo objetivo de analisar as representações de professores sobre violência no contexto escolar. A coleta de dados foi realizada em uma Escola ribeirinha e quilombola. Foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica, seguida de entrevistas com seis (6) professores de uma Escola de Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio do Município de Abaetetuba, no Estado do Pará. Os professores entrevistados trabalham no Ensino Médio da Escola Santos André. Com o objetivo de preservar o anonimato, atribuíram-se nomes fictícios na apresentação e discussão dos resultados. Optou-se por agrupar os dados em categorias de significados, ao final foram elencadas nove (9) categorias, quais sejam: O que os professores conversam sobre a violência, formas de violência manifestas na escola, a violência considerada a mais grave, como a violência é trabalhada em sala de aula, como os professores costumam agir diante da violência, a formação sobre violência escolar, a violência na relação professor-aluno, a infraestrutura da escola X violência, consequências da violência para a escola. O referencial teórico-metodológico utilizado assentou-se nos estudos dos seguintes pesquisadores: Franco (2004), Charlot (2002), Fante (2005), Placco (2005), Kodato (2010) e Pedro-Silva (2014).  Foi possível constatar a falta de formação docente para lidar com a violência, o vácuo estratégico e o medo dos professores que, embora percebam a complexidade do problema ainda procuram na família a principal origem da violência.Palavras-chave: Violência. Escola quilombola. Professores.
Competencia social en niños y adolescentes de la ciudad de Bucaramanga (Colombia) según escala Messy
Authors: Serrano Mora Sandra Milena , Marín Rodas Claudia Marcela
Published: March 2017

Muchas de las problemáticas de violencia e intolerancia están asociadas al déficit de mecanismos que permitan al individuo desenvolverse eficazmente, por ende se intentan buscar herramientas de relevancia social que permitan definir los factores que moldean estos comportamientos con el fin de elaborar metodologías para desarrollar técnicas enfocadas hacia las competencias asertivas que refuercen estas características individuales en cada sujeto. Es por ello, que este artículo de investigación se enfocó en identificar los componentes de la competencia social con los que cuentan los niños y adolescentes de Bucaramanga y la relación con sus características demográficas (edad, nivel educativo, estrato socioeconómico).  Se planteó un estudio cuantitativo, de corte transversal correlacional.  La muestra fue por conveniencia,  con un total de 330 participantes con edades entre 8 y 17 años.  Se aplicó la escala Messy y el análisis de resultados se llevó a cabo a través de SPSS.  Los resultados obtenidos muestran que no se puede definir una relación directa entre las competencias sociales que posee un individuo y sus datos sociodemográficos, corroborando la influencia de otros factores multivariados en su desarrollo.
La intervención del CICR en la protección de la dignidad de las víctimas militares y de policia en el conflicto armado con las FARC en Colombia
Authors: Rojas Jairo
Published: March 2017

Los numerosos conflictos armados que vive el mundo, demandan un análisis constante y permanente de las acciones de los organismos internacionales que de una forma u otra cumplen un papel determinante en la comprensión y asistencia de los diferentes actores de los enfrentamientos bélicos, esto de cara a un conflicto armado interno que vive Colombia entre las Fuerzas Armadas del Estado y las FARC. El presente artículo, resume una investigación especificada dentro de un tipo de estudio descriptivo - analítico, con un análisis de tiempo retro - prospectivo, dentro de un universo y muestra que son los informes anuales del CICR para Colombia 1998 - 2010, en la que se  analizan las acciones del Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja en Colombia, durante el período comprendido entre 1998 y 2010, respecto de las actuaciones del comité referidas a la protección de los Derechos Humanos de los miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas de Colombia y de sus familias. Su objetivo  principal es plantear una propuesta de intervención del accionar del  CICR, para la protección de la dignidad de las víctimas del conflicto armado con las FARC, en el estado Colombiano, para que así se propenda por la protección de los miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas de Colombia en procura del respeto de los Derechos Humanos. Finalmente, tras el desarrollo de la presente investigación, se resalta el hecho de no haberse evidenciado un patrón equitativo en la atención de las víctimas del conflicto armado con las FARC, entre las víctimas civiles no vinculadas a la Fuerza Pública y las que sí pertenecen a la Fuerza Pública, reflexiones que son ampliadas en las conclusiones del presente artículo de investigación.
Elementary Teachers’ Perspectives on the Use of Multicultural Literature in Their Classrooms
Authors: Mongillo Geraldine , Holland Karen F.
Published: March 2017

This qualitative study set out to determine how multicultural literature was used and perceived by US elementary school teachers, and how the beliefs of teachers shape perceptions, selection, interpretation, and the teaching of multicultural literature (Ketter & Lewis, 2001).Twenty-six (26) elementary school teachers across the country responded to this study. An invitational email with a web-survey hyperlink was utilized. Variables pertaining to participant background, definition, selection acquirement and application of “multicultural” literature, the elementary school community and district mandates were addressed in the web survey. Findings revealed that all participants used multicultural literature sometime during the school year. The majority of participants were Caucasian females teaching in suburban schools, which did not have a mandated multicultural curriculum. Regardless of mandates, the majority applied a “narrow” definition for multicultural literature using the words “cultural”, “race,” and “nationality.”  Other findings indicated that elementary school teachers used multicultural literature more frequently when they had strong administrative support, regardless of their students’ or their own ethnicity.
Lexical standards for expository writing at Grade 3:The transition from early literacy to academic literacy
Authors: Roessingh Hetty , Douglas Scott , Wojtalewicz Brock
Published: March 2017

This article reports on an investigation of vocabulary thresholds across four standards of writing quality for grade 3 children. An expository prompt was used to elicit first draft writing from 222 students. A quota sampling strategy was used to create a learner corpus of 80 papers. Online lexical profiling tools were used to generate indices of lexical richness. Distinct differences in vocabulary use were noted between quality standards, in particular the ability to access low frequency words among the samples judged of excellent quality. Pedagogical implications emerge for classroom practitioners to address the language learning needs of linguistically vulnerable youngsters.Key words: expository prose, writing, transitional literacy, vocabulary profiling
ESPÉCIES VEGETAIS TÓXICAS DA FAMÍLIA APOCYNACEAE: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE A DISTRIBUIÇÃO E OS CASOS DE INTOXICAÇÃO REGISTRADOS EM ARAGUAÍNA, TO
Authors: Lopes Oliveira Lima Jéssica Nayara , Scareli-Santos Claudia
Published: March 2017

As plantas tóxicas possuem substâncias que, por suas propriedades naturais, físicas, químicas ou físico-químicas, são capazes de causar alterações metabólicas, estas são conhecidas como intoxicação. As crianças são as mais suscetíveis a se intoxicarem, pois pelo fato de estar sempre brincando nos seus quintais, acabam ingerindo plantas que muitas vezes podem ser tóxicas. Objetivou-se neste trabalho realizar um censo das espécies vegetais tóxicas da família Apocynaceae presentes em 29 bairros da cidade de Araguaína, TO e fazer um levantamento dos casos de intoxicação por plantas, acidentais ou não, ocorridos janeiro/2009 a dezembro/2014 neste município. Para a análise da arborização urbana primeiramente foram listados e consultados mapas para a localização dos setores, bairros com suas respectivas ruas e avenidas. Em seguida foram realizados censos das espécies vegetais em30bairros. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram a presença de 24 exemplares de Allamanda catartica L. e de 28 indivíduos de Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum em 66,67% dos bairros amostrados e distribuídas de forma irregular. Ambas as espécies foram observadas juntas nos setores Loteamento Martins Jorge, Setor Urbano, Setores Santa Mônica e Tereza Hilário. Não foram registrados caso de intoxicação por espécie Apocynaceae no município de Araguaína no período de janeiro/2009 a dezembro/2014
Investigação Teórica das Propriedades Estruturais e Eletrônicas da superfície C(100)(2x1):H usando DFT
Authors: Sousa Regina Lélis de
Published: March 2017

Superfícies de diamante têm sido objeto de investigação devido às suas interessantes propriedades. Na última década, o interesse por estas superfícies passivadas têm aumentado significativamente devido à possibilidade de novas aplicações quando funcionalizadas com materiais orgânicos. O entendimento das interessantes propriedades dos materiais híbridos resultantes tem sido foco de debate. Como um primeiro passo no estudo destes sistemas, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma descrição detalhada das propriedades estruturais e eletrônicas do cristal de diamante e da superfície monohidrogenada, C(100)(2x1):H, utilizando Teoria do Funcional Densidade (DFT) com o método de ondas planas e pseudopotenciais ultrasuaves. Os resultados obtidos para o cristal de diamante e a superfície monohidrogenada estão em excelente acordo com os dados experimentais e teóricos para os funcionais de troca e correlação testados. Como principal resultado, nossos dados mostram que uma correta descrição das propriedades eletrônicas é alcançada quando a superfície é modelada com fatias com espessura de pelo menos dez camadas atômicas. Esta informação será valiosa e é o primeiro passo para futuras simulações dos sistemas híbridos envolvendo superfície monohidrogenada.
A Review on Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches for Air Pollution Studies
Authors: F. O. Abulude , B. Moez , E. A. Adeoya , S. A. Olubayode
Published: March 2017

No doubt pollution is a global problem which must be holistically tackled. In doing this, adequate knowledge of the sources of pollution is important, therefore the aim of this paper is to review source apportionment with reference to top-down and bottom-up methods. In this paper, dispersion modeling, emissions inventory, and sampling methods were discussed. Also, analytical methods involved in top-down source apportionment were mentioned. The two techniques are needed to evaluate pollutants and their sources. Based on these two approaches, pollution control strategy would be developed and decisions can be made in deciding the right approach to solve or reduce the pollution problems.
Introduction: Race, Politics, and the Humanities in an Age of “Posts”: Rethinking the Human/Race
Authors: Mendible Myra
Published: March 2017

This Special Issue of Humanities comes at a time when the viability of the humanities are challenged on numerous fronts. On the one hand, the humanities face material threats as the politics of austerity continues throughout Europe and the United States, diminishing public support and making profit margin and “job creation” the primary measure of value or the basis of state university funding decisions. On the other, the humanities face conceptual, theoretical and ethical challenges, as the emergence of post-racial and post-humanist discourses signal what Foucault called “a change in the fundamental arrangements of knowledge.” The defining boundaries of constructs such as “race” and “human” have been radically called into question, challenging us to rethink the classificatory systems that found hierarchical relationships between, for example, the “fully human” and sub-human or non-human others. Despite dominant nations’ professed commitment to a universal human rights paradigm, racialized identities are still often the targets of disenfranchisement and dehumanization, while the exploitation and destruction of the natural world continues in the name of “progress” and profits.
Pengaruh Model Speciment Uji Tarik Pada Pengelasan Besi Fc-30 Di Lihat Dari Kekuatan Tarik Pengelasan
Authors: Mulyadi Mulyadi
Published: March 2017

Untuk mengetahui sifat logam maupun non logam salah satu pengujian yang digunakan adalah uji tarik. Prinsip dari pengujian ini adalah dengan memberikan beban gaya yang berlawanan arah pada kedua ujung specimen bahan material yang diuji, sehingga kekuatan dari bahan yang diuji dapat diketahui. Speciment penelitian ini menggunakan dua macam speciment uji tarik yang sesuai dengan standar internasional yaitu ASTM E 8 dan ASTM E 8M ini sesuai dengan standar Amerika jika di Jepang menggunakan standar JIS 2241, dari pengujian model ini dapat diketahui modulus elastisitas, regangan, reduksi dan tegangan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh model penampang speciment kotak dan model penampang speciment bulat dengan luasan penampang yang sama dilihat dari kekuatan tarik masing-masing speciment. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimen perbandingan, yaitu suatu cara untuk membandingkan antara dua indikator speciment yang berbeda model penampang dengan luasan penampang yang sama, untuk mengetahui kekuatan tarik masing-masing speciment . Dari penelitian yang dilakukan menghasilkan kekuatan tarik pada material dasar tertinggi  sebesar 781,004Mpa dengan speciment bentuk kotak. Kekuatan tarik  paling  tinggi terjadi pada pengelasan menggunakan elektroda las LB-52 yaitu sebesar 1.193,033 Mpa penampang speciment kotak dan elektroda las CIA yang memiliki kekuatan tarik yang hampir sama yaitu sebesar 1.134,002 Mpa penampang speciment kotak. Sedangkan yang paling rendah adalah pengelasan menggunakan elektroda LB-52 yang tanpa dicelup oli dimana hampir sama dengan material dasarnya yaitu sebesar 403,802 Mpa penampang speciment bulat.
Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of Formation Damage Associated with Nanoparticles Transport in Porous Media
Authors: Abdelfatah Elsayed , Pournik Maysam , Shiau Bor Jier , Harwell Jeffery
Published: March 2017

Nanoparticles applications in the petroleum industry have grown significantly recently especially for EOR, and waterfloding. Although the nanoparticles are small, they can be retained in the porous media by different mechanisms (i.e. surface deposition, and plugging of pore throat either by single or multi-particles). The objective of this paper is to develop a mathematical model capable of capturing the different damage mechamisms and the associated permeability impairment. We introduce a mathematical model that combines Darcy and convection-diffusion equation to describe fluid flow, and nanoparticles transport and interaction in porous media. Pore throat size distribution is used to characterize pore-scale heterogeneity. Permeability field is generated as a function of the pore throat size distribution. Pore throat size and permeability distributions are dynamic functions of nanoparticles deposition and plugging. The mathematical model is solved on a two-dimensional domain using finite difference. The model was matched with experimental data to obtain the model parameters. The model shows that each of the three damage mechanisms can be dominant at specific conditions. The preliminary numerical results demonstrate that concentration and injection rate are the key factors that control the degree of formation damage. These parameters should be optimized to reduce the formation damage associated with nanoparticles transport in porous media. Mathematical modeling along with experimental studies can help to optimize the nanoparticles systems to minimize formation damage.
Integration of Geomechanical Models Optimized Designs Fracture, for the Reactivation of Yacimiento Eocenofract B2X68, Maracaibo Basin
Authors: Barrios Jorge
Published: March 2017

The EoceneFrac area corresponds to a subsoil extension of approximately 230 Km2, located northeast of Lake Maracaibo in the Lagunillas area, where Informal Members B-2-X and B-3-X have been defined as The main oil-producing sands of the Misoa Formation of the Eocene Age, classifying the B-2-X-68 deposit as the second at the western level in crude oil reserves and object of this study. The EoceneFrac reservoir is 24 ° API hydrocarbon and this reservoir is currently the second largest reservoir in the western region. Work on this site began in 1927 and is noted for the fact that it has to be fractured due to its low permeabilities, despite being a shallow production zone. The first fracture occurred in 1959 at the well Years later was the discoverer.

It has a significant consolidation, which aggravates the problem of the low fluidity of the hydrocarbons to the intermediations of the well, the deposit currently has forty-nine (49) wells of which are in different states being active sixteen (16), inactive six (6), abandoned seven (7), three (3) waiting for abandonment and finally seventeen (17) waiting for reconditioning works for the date of January 13, 2013, being the main problem affecting the production of these wells the low mobility.

A Geomechanical study focused on optimizing the fracture designs that arose due to the failed behaviors that had been previously carried out in the B2-X-68 deposit, ceased to function shortly after being made, it is noteworthy that they were found Important parameters of rock and proppant resistance that have a direct impact on collapse of the rock, as well as geopresiones that were not taken into account for initial designs.
The Shushufindi Revolution: New Life and a Brighter Future for a Giant
Authors: Meza David , Gozalbo Eduardo , Whitney Patricio , Clayton Richard , Fonseca Claudio , Hurtado Jorge , Henson Richard , Chicango Edgar , Reyes Dimas , Leon Ruth
Published: March 2017

The Shushufindi field is the largest oil accumulation (3.8 billion barrels) in the Oriente Basin in Ecuador, and it represents 16% of the total oil production in the country. It was discovered in 1972 and has achieved a current recovery of 1.2 billion barrels of its original oil in place. Its peak oil production was 125,000 BOPD, reached in 1986; since then the production steadily declined. The Ecuadorian government recognized the danger of declining oil revenues, and, in January 2012, the national oil company (EP Petroamazonas) signed a 15-year Specific Integrated Services Contract with Consorcio Shushufindi S.A. (75% Schlumberger, 25% Tecpetrol).

During an aggressive optimization campaign performed in the last 10 months, the Consorcio Shushufindi has achieved an incremental recovery of 1.1 million barrels (4,400 BOPD) by rebalancing and optimizing bottomhole flowing pressure over most of the field through increasing the extraction rate. An additional 1.1 million barrels (4,700 BOPD) of production was achieved by performing Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) upsizings in 24 wells, from a complete portfolio of 34 wells.

The Shushufindi revolution demonstrates how an ambitious optimization plan, multidisciplinary integration and collaboration between the operator and the service company can be successful in a mature field despite the associated risks. In addition, this project demonstrates that activities can be performed to increase production at a minimal cost and how to maximize the return on existing assets through the realization of their production potential.
Streamlines Versus Conventional Simulation for Complex and High Resolution Models
Authors: Ursule J. P. , Farina Saint Selve E. A.
Published: March 2017

The aim of this work is to evaluate the desirability of conducting the History Matching using flow lines instead of traditional simulation. The results are very encouraging. The simulation time was reduced to a 10% from its original value, with a very good match. This was subsequently confirmed with a traditional simulation.

The San Jorge basin (CGSJ), located in southern Argentina, extends over the central part of the Patagonian region. The sedimentary fill of the basin is related to different rift and sag tectonic phases, from Triassic to Cretaceous. During Late Cretaceous-Early Tertiary, a marine transgression from the Atlantic developed. Tertiary sediments completed the basin fill. Sediments from continental rivers form a huge overlying of fluvial-shallow lacustrine units deposited under late sag conditions. These units contain the reservoirs that host the hydrocarbon accumulations of the basin. The study area to be developed by Secondary Recovery has more than 250 reservoirs and 300 drilled well. The drenage radio is about 150 mts. The average production of each well is around 15 Bbl/d.

As part of the Reservoir Caracterization, a high-resolution reservoir model was build. The model contains 5.4 million cells (1.1 are active) with 290 producing layers and 260 wells. Production started mid 1993 (22 years of History). Water flooding started 2002 when 21 wells were converted to injectors. It's a simple grid with 50 to 50 meters by cell. A conventional simulation run takes 12 hours. No assisted history matching was possible, due to the size of the model. With the use of a fast flow simulation technique, streamlines, the time was reduced to 2.5 hours. This makes possible to work over the simulation parameter. With this normal simulation time, enough runs were done to match pressure behaviors and field productions. So, a standard history matching workflow was used with the exception of flow lines to perform the simulation runs.

The use of stream lines reduced nine times the standard simulation time. Thanks to this, it was possible to manually iterate the model parameters, doing each time a new simulation run to evaluate results. This work methodology allowed the correct understanding of Reservoir drainage mechanism. With all this, history match was done in a reasonable time. The absolute difference in liquid production was less than 12%. Finally, a conventional run was performed to verify the consistency between the two methodologies. In this case, the difference between both runs is imperceptible. This confirms that the use of strem lines is an excellent tool to adjust big size models.
Channel Fracturing Long Term Evaluation Shows Increased Recovery Rate, San Jorge Gulf Basin, Argentina
Authors: Perea D.. , Benitez D.. , Bruna F.. , Lederhos M.. , Diaz A.. , Taibo A..
Published: March 2017

The objective of this work is to describe the productivity obtained through the use of Channel Fracturing technique in a conventional reservoir characterized by its stratigraphic complexity, isolated sandstone bodies of low thickness, low volume, lenticular geometry, moderate reservoir rock quality and high tobaceous content.

Channel Fracturing (Gillard et al, 2010) began to be used in Argentina in 2011-2013, both in conventional and non-conventional wells. It provided significant benefits in costs and logistics during the initial period of Vaca Muerta development because of the reduction the proppant and the liquid required by the method.

This technique generates a network of open channels within the proppant pack, providing highly conductive paths to recover fracturing fluid residue and subsequently produce hydrocarbons. The improvement in well productivity in unconventional was shown in SPE Completion of the Eagle Ford Formation with Heterogeneous Proppant Placement (SPE149390).

The case study corresponds to the Pampa del Castillo-La Guitarra Field, operated since 2001 by Enap Sipetrol Argentina S.A., located on the North Flank of the San Jorge Gulf Basin (Chubut-Argentina) 50 km west of the city of Comodoro Rivadavia

A comparison of the productivity, of the same level, was made in wells fractured by both Channel Fracturing, and conventional fracture and without fracture. Fracture simulation models were performed and the results obtained using the two techniques were compared. Such a comparison shows that Channel Fracturing stimulation provides greater connected surface. Despite the reduction of the proppant by 40 to 50%, when using Channel Fracturing, production monitoring indicates a decrease in the decline liquid rate compared to conventional hydraulic fractures.

Due to the results obtained, this technique started being use in other wells (22 wells to November 2016) of the field with satisfactory results in production increase.
Study and Simulation of Matrix Acidizing in Sandstones Reservoirs Applied to Injection Wells of the Mature Fields
Authors: Guimarães Millena Siqueira , Grana Tainá de , Matos Sarkis Sávio Raider
Published: March 2017

There are several techniques for estimating rocks, one of which is matrix acidizing. Aiming at the recovery of non-reservoir hydrocarbons, from the acidification process, the study of the mineralogical composition of formation, the banks are dissolved in the selection of acids by means of their permeability. By proposing an improvement of the flow in the production of the region of the well

When production in the well begins to fall, it enters the mature field phase, the one whose oil and natural gas reservoir, after primary production, still holds some of its resources in situ. It is necessary to carry out a modeling study to predict the volume and the injection rate in sandstone formations. The methodology will be used for models of two minerals, with a fast and slow dissolution nature.
ACIEPE “Desmistificando a Economia”: a prática da indissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão
Authors: BELLAN Nataly Alessandra , COELHO Estevam Henrique , Sanjuan Montebello Adriana Estela , Marjotta-Maistro Marta Cristina
Published: March 2017

As ACIEPE's são atividades desenvolvidas nos campi da Universidade Federal de São Carlos como objetivo de relacionar os alunos a diferentes segmentos da sociedade, articuladas com bases no ensino, pesquisae extensão. A ACIEPE "Desmistificando a Economia" foi ofertada entre os anos de 2013 e 2015, com o intuitode quebrar paradigmas que cercam a Economia, trazendo-a para perto da sociedade. As atividades desenvolvidasforam fundamentais para apresentar conceitos de Economia ressaltando a sua importância no cotidiano e emtodas as áreas do conhecimento, assim contribuindo para uma visão multidisciplinar, atividade essa de papelimprescindível em uma universidade. Por meio de discussões sobre alguns temas direci-onados, levantamentoe análise de dados secundários, foi proposta a produção de trabalhos em formato de artigo científico, os quaisresultaram em apresentações em congressos e publicações em revistas. Conclui-se que esta atividade foi deextrema importância para uma formação mais ampla dos discentes participantes, pois possibilitou apresentara interdisciplinaridade existente entre as Ciências Agrárias e as Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, com foco nasCiências Econômicas.
Non‐traumatic orbital haemorrhage as a complication of emergence from anaesthesia
Authors: Sharma Neharika , O'Hagan Stephen
Published: March 2017

We present the case of a 54‐yr‐old female who awoke following general anaesthesia with a right‐sided non‐traumatic spontaneous orbital haemorrhage and was subsequently discovered to have an underlying orbital cavernous haemangioma. Spontaneous orbital haemorrhage following emergence from anaesthesia is rare.

The occurrence of non‐traumatic spontaneous orbital haemorrhage associated with general anaesthesia requires urgent assessment for compressive optic neuropathy, and investigation with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evidence of underlying orbital venous anomalies, such as an orbital varix, cavernous haemangioma, or lymphangioma.
Predicted impossible mask ventilation in a patient with giant rhinophyma
Authors: Bennett James , Webb Philippa , Ahmad Imran , Hopkins Claire
Published: March 2017

We describe the safe management of a patient with a giant rhinophyma requiring surgical debulking of the nasal tumour. Anaesthetic management incorporated an awake fibreoptic intubation (AFOI) as an effective facemask seal, and therefore bag/valve/mask ventilation, was predicted to be unachievable. We suggest that this is the safest approach to maintain oxygenation when difficult facemask ventilation is anticipated post anaesthetic induction.
Perioperative management of a young adult with Rett syndrome undergoing laparotomy
Authors: Sarkar Som , Moncaster Michael Gareth
Published: March 2017

We describe the perioperative management of a 19‐yr‐old female with Rett syndrome undergoing laparotomy and defunctioning colostomy for a colo‐vesical fistula, with particular focus on postoperative analgesia and shared decision making.
‘Silver bullet’ overdose: the use of dantrolene to treat benzylpiperazine toxicity
Authors: Johnston David
Published: March 2017

The number of deaths due to benzylpiperazine toxicity amongst young adults in Northern Ireland and Scotland is increasing, compounded by the growing accessibility to herbal high medication. This case highlights the dangers posed by benzylpiperazine‐containing ‘party pill’ herbal high recreational agents. Life‐threatening serotonin syndrome resulted in profound central nervous system, haemodynamic and metabolic instability. In the absence of cyproheptadine, dantrolene was successfully used to manage serotonin syndrome although this is not a universally accepted or scientifically proven treatment. Supportive care remains the mainstay of acute management.
Traumatic rupture of a nasoethmoidal meningoencephalocele in an adult following a difficult airway scenario
Authors: Langley Adrian , Lai Nai An , Flynn Christopher
Published: March 2017

Intranasal meningoencephaloceles are characterised by protrusion of brain and meninges through a skull‐base defect. Nasal intubation or instrumentation may lead to complications such as meningoencephalitis and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea or fistula formation. A 62 year old lady developed rhinorrhea following failed videolaryngoscopic and nasal fibreoptic intubation, which ultimately necessitated emergency surgical tracheostomy for a “can't intubation can't ventilate” scenario. This case highlights the diagnosis and management of an unusual complication resulting from difficult airway management.
Takotsubo (Stress Induced) Cardiomyopathy triggered by laryngoscopy
Authors: Lambe Rachel , Allman Louise
Published: March 2017

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy is an unpredictable but important condition that mimics acute coronary syndrome. Although the exact pathogenesis is unclear, most cases appear to be initiated by a stressful event, either physical or emotional. In the case described laryngoscopy was thought to be the triggering factor. Cases can be associated with ischaemic changes on the ECG and a rise in troponin levels. The characteristic appearance on echocardiography of an akinetic apical ventricle wall and normal coronary arteries on angiography confirms the diagnosis. Short‐term outcome is excellent, with most reported cases showing complete resolution of the abnormalities seen on echocardiography and any associated left ventricular dysfunction.
Consumo de sustancias psicoactivas antes y después del ingreso a prisión en catorce centros carcelarios de Colombia
Authors: Larrotta Castillo Richard , Rangel Noriega Kelly Johana , Luzardo Briceño Marianela , Gómez Muñoz Natalia , Redondo Pacheco Jesús
Published: March 2017

Objetivo: describir la frecuencia del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y las sustancias consumidas antes y después del ingreso a prisión, en personas recluidas en 14 establecimientos penitenciarios y carcelarios adscritos a la Dirección Regional Oriente del Instituto Nacional Penitenciario y Carcelario de Colombia (INPEC). Método: la muestra de este estudio estuvo constituida por 323 internos (hombres n = 303, mujeres n = 20), a quienes se les administró el cuestionario “Vigilancia Epidemiológica del Uso y Abuso de Sustancias Psicoactivas” (VESPA). Resultados: existe una reducción del consumo de drogas estadísticamente significativa, por sustancia, tras el ingreso a prisión, y solo los barbitúricos y la heroína dejan de consumirse en su totalidad. Conclusiones:el consumo de sustancias ilícitas sigue la tendencia mundial y nacional, lo cual debe preocupar a las instituciones competentes, puesto que los efectos del uso y abuso de sustancias psicoactivas constituyen un factor de riesgo que impiden cumplir con la finalidad resocializadora que persigue la pena privativa de la libertad. © Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Sociales.