bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALISA KINERJA SISTEM SCADA DAN TELEKOMUNIKASI DI PT. PLN UNIT PENYALURAN DAN PUSAT PENGATURAN BEBAN GORONTALO
Authors: Haluti Siradjuddin
Published: September 2019

Sistem SCADA dan Telekomunikasi yang di bentuk dari dua sub.sistem  yaitu sub sistem teleinformasi  data merupakan rangkaian yang menghasilkan fungsi yang digunakan  untuk mengoperasikan power sistem dan Sub system Master Station. Dalam beroperasinya peralatan pada masing-masing  subsistem harus dapat memberikan  layanan yang memadai dari segi kualitas dan kuantitas yang diukur dalam kinerja.Target kinerja pengusahaan yang telah ditetapkan merupakanKesanggupan  unit pelaksana untuk mernberikan hasil layanan(availability)  berupa fungsi-fungsi sub sistem  selama periode  triwulan(satu  tahun anggaran)  dengan memperhatikan  kemampuan sistem diunit pelaksana, ketersediaan  dana serta kemampuan dan ketersediaan Sumber Daya Manusia  (SDM).Dari hasil perhitungan  bilangan petunjuk kinerja (availability) sistem SCADA dan  telekornunikasi pada PT. PLN UPB Gorontalo untuk periode II tahun 2010 diperoleh tingkat availability sebesar 90  ,53 % dan periode  I tahun 2011 diperoleh tingkat availability  sebesar 77,02 %. Di mana hasil yang dicapai dari duaperiode triwulan tersebut. Masih  jauh dari tolak ukur yang dipersyaratkan yaitu 99,5 %.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK BUAH NAGA (Dragon Fruit) SEBAGAI PEWARNA ALAMI TERHADAP MUTU FISIK MI SAGU BASAH
Authors: Engelen Adnan
Published: September 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian adalah mengetahui kombinasi terbaik pada pembuatan mi sagu basah dengan penambahan ekstrak buah naga. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu metode RAL (rancang acak lengkap), Parameter yang diamati yaitu warna, kadar air, profil tekstur (kelengketan dan kekerasan) dan uji organleptik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, warna mi sagu dengan ekstrak buah naga menunjukkan nilai rata-rata yang tertinggi pada perlakuan A yaitu 332,50, perlakuan B yaitu 331,74, dan perlakuan C yaitu 329,20. Nilai kadar air terendah terdapat pada perlakuan A yaitu 49,09% sedangkan pada perlakuan B yaitu 50,89% dan perlakuan C yaitu 51,41%. Tingkat kekerasan pada perlakuan A menunjukkan nilai rata-rata yang tertinggi yaitu 3839 sedangkan perlakuan B yaitu 3040, perlakuan C yaitu 2286. Nilai kelengketan pada perlakuan B yaitu 4,6 sedangkan perlakuan A yaitu 4,58 dan nilai kelengketan terendah pada perlakuan C yaitu 3,98. Adapun hasil uji organoleptik terbaik pada mi sagu basah adalah perlakuan C dengan nilai aroma rata-rata 4,4, parameter rasa nilai rata-rata 4,8, parameter tekstur nilai rata-rata 4,9, parameter warna nilai rata-rata 5,13.
KAPITALISASI ASET TAK BERWUJUD YANG DIHASILKAN SECARA INTERNAL OLEH START UP COMPANY
Authors: Firmansyah Amrie , Hartanto Lugas
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengulas penerapan praktik akuntansi atas kapitalisasi aset tak berwujud yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan rintisan (start-up company). Dalam penelitian ini, kapitalisasi aset dilakukan pada model model bisnis berbasiskan teknologi yang diproduksi secara internal meliputi proses pencatatan biaya, pengklasifikasian biaya, keteridentifikasian aset tak berwujud, dan kapitalisasi aset tak berwujud. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode kualitatif melalui teknis wawancara kepada dua informan yaitu pemilik perusahaan dan praktisi akuntansi. Objek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah PT Tenten Digital Indonesia yaitu perusahaan rintisan yang memproduksi aplikasi 1010.Dry. Penelitian ini dilakukan mulai April 2019 sampai dengan Juni 2019.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa PT Tenten Digitial Indonesia tidak melakukan kapitalisasi atas aset tak berwujudnya karena seluruh biaya yang dicatat selama proses produksi dibebankan seluruhnya sebagai beban dalam laporan keuangan. Perusahaan menggunakan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan Entitas Tanpa Akuntabilitas Publik (SAK-ETAP) dalam melakukan pencatatan akuntansinya, namun selama proses produksi aplikasi ternyata belum ada pegawai yang berkompeten dalam bidang akuntansi dan pembukuan sehingga beberapa pengeluaran untuk proses produksi aplikasi dicatat tidak sesuai dengan SAK ETAP.
The Class of 1838: A Social History of the First Victorian Novelists
Authors: Riddell Allen , Bassett Troy J.
Published: September 2019

To what extent does an individual’s background, specifically their age, gender, and socio-economic background predict their becoming a novelist? Questions of this genre have been with us as long as the novel has been an object of study. Using new data, biographical details of every writer who published a novel in 1838 in the British Isles, we revisit the question of the relationship between social background and novel writing. Novelists in this cohort tend to emerge disproportionately from advantaged socio-economic backgrounds—83% of novelists come from non-working-class backgrounds. We also find that that men novelists are significantly more likely than women novelists to write under a name other than their legal name. The comprehensive data on the “Class of 1838” made available here supports systematic study of the social history of novel writing, offering a replacement for existing opportunistic convenience samples of questionable reliability.
Challenge of applying ‘subjective interpretation’ with Bayesian network analysis in Art and Culture
Authors: Hoàng NGUYỄN Minh
Published: September 2019

Art and Culture are very important aspects of humanity. However, due to their abstract nature, attempts to quantify the value of such fields have been the challenges for scientific community. Recently, a new work of Vuong et al. (2019) presents an approach that sheds light on the possibility of applying Bayesian networks analysis to clarify the connection between architecture, for example, the design of the house façade and cultural evolution in Vietnamese city in the early 20th century.
MATHEMATIZING THE UNIVERSE
Authors: Bartlett Rodney
Published: September 2019

I think the best way to describe this article is by listing the CONTENTS - INTRODUCTION - Speculations about life, the universe and everything which have a basis in science SECTION 1 - STEFAN-BOLTZMANN LAW, RADIATION PRESSURE FROM THERMODYNAMICS, "VECTOR-TENSOR-SCALAR GEOMETRY" ANALOGOUS TO STRESS TENSOR / EIGENVECTORS / EIGENVALUES SECTION 2 - VECTOR-TENSOR-SCALAR GEOMETRY AND THE NUCLEAR FORCES SECTION 3 - THE STRESS TENSOR ON THE COSMIC LEVEL SECTION 4 - BITS AND TOPOLOGY – CONTINUING THE THEME OF THE MOBIUS STRIP AND MATHEMATICAL MATTER SECTION 5 - ANALOGY OF QUANTUM SPIN AND MATRIX ARRAY, WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC AND GRAVITATIONAL WAVES PRODUCED FROM PURE MATHEMATICS SECTION 6 - DARK MATTER, DARK ENERGY AND A HIGHER DIMENSION OF SPACE-TIME SECTION 7A - EXPLAINING OCEAN TIDES WHEN GENERAL RELATIVITY SAYS GRAVITY IS A PUSH CAUSED BY THE CURVATURE OF SPACE-TIME 7B - M-SIGMA 7C - GEYSERS ON SATURN'S MOON ENCELADUS 7D - A BRIEF HISTORY OF GRAVITY
Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Tasawuf
Authors: Nazhruna Jurnal
Published: September 2019

Pada zaman modern saat ini, banyak sekali orang tua yang bangga bila anak-anaknya mengikuti les matematika atau mata pelajaran umum lainnya dari pada les pendidikan agama (membaca al-Quran dan sebagainya). Terdapat seorang guru yang mengeluh karena dalam satu kelas hanya ada beberapa anak yang mempunyai kamus bahasa arab sedangkan yang lainnya mayoritas mempunya kamus bahasa inggris. Hal ini menggambbarkan bahwa anak-anak dan orang tua lebih mementingkan materi pelajaran umum (B inggris) dari pada pelajaran bahasa arab.Melihat dari kondisi diatas, maka sangat penting ilmu tasawuf untuk diajarkan dalam pendidikan yang serba modern pada saat ini. Kharisudin aqib menyatakan bahwa secara istilah tasawuf sebagai ilmu adalah suatu pengetahuan yang membahas seluk beluk hubungan antara manusia dan tuhannya. Sedangkan junaidi al Baghdad menyatakan bahwa tasawuf merupakan suatu keniscayaan bahwa dalam kondisi apapun dan dimana pun kita harus tetap mengingat Allah.
Internally Regulated Eating Style: A Comprehensive Theoretical Framework
Authors: Palascha Aikaterini , van Kleef Ellen , de Vet Emely , van Trijp Hans
Published: September 2019

Internally regulated eating style, the eating style that is driven by internal bodily sensations of hunger and satiation, is a concept that has received increasing attention in the literature and health practice over the last decades. The various attempts that have been made so far to conceptualize internally regulated eating have taken place independently of one another and each sheds light on only parts of the total picture of what defines internally regulated eating. This has resulted in a literature that is rather fragmented. More importantly, it is not yet clear which are the characteristics that comprise this eating style. In this paper, we identify and describe the full spectrum of these characteristics, namely, sensitivity to internal hunger and satiation signals, self-efficacy in using internal hunger and satiation signals, self-trusting attitude for the regulation of eating, relaxed relationship with food, and tendency to savor the food while eating. With this research, we introduce a common language to the field and we present a new theoretical framework that does justice not just to the full breadth of characteristics that are necessary for the internally regulated eating style but also to the associations between them and the potential mechanisms by which they contribute to this eating style.
Tranh luận học thuật ở kỷ nguyên khoa học mở
Authors: Ho Toan Manh
Published: September 2019

Tính chất khoa học mở hiện nay đã khiến các bài nghiên cứu, dù đã trải qua bình duyệt, vẫn có thể phải đối mặt với phản biện từ đồng nghiệp. Và quá trình trao đổi học thuật này sẽ không còn lá chắn ẩn danh nữa mà mọi động thái, quan điểm của các nhà khoa học sẽ được thể hiện qua các hệ thống preprints, hay thậm chí cả mạng xã hội. Vì thế, dưới sự soi xét từ nhiều phía, sự minh bạch, khoa học càng cần được các nhà nghiên cứu phát huy.
Earning Effect Per Share (EPS), Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) And Return On Equity (ROE) On Stock Price
Authors: Yuliastanty Susy
Published: September 2019

This research aims to discover the effect of 1) Earning Per Share (EPS) to stock price 2) Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) to stock price 3) Return to Equity Ratio (ROE) to stock price. The research population is manufacturing company of food and beverage sub sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Samples are drawn by purposive sampling method. The total sample in this research is 14 companies. The data sourced is secondary data. Data analysis technique using multiple regression. The results showed 1) Earning per Share (EPS) has no significant effect on stock price 2) Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) has no effect on stock price 3) Return on Equity Ratio (ROE) has a significant effect on stock prices.
MARKET INTEGRATION IN ASEAN: SUSTAINABLE GROWTH AND CROSS - CULTURAL ISSUES
Authors: putra seno himala
Published: September 2019

Language verbally and non-verbally used by people in the world as a tool to have communication both formal and informal.
Morphology of Talang Mamak Tribe Dialect At Indragiri Regency of Riau Province, Indonesia
Authors: putra seno himala
Published: September 2019

This is a Study of aspects of Dialect used by Talang Mamak Tribe, a minority of Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province.
GLOBALIZATION TOURISM PROMOTION CULTURE, NATURAL TOURISM OBJECTS, HOME INDUSTRY, LOCAL PRODUCTS, INFRASTRUCTURE, AND SERVICE
Authors: putra seno himala
Published: September 2019

Tg. Pinang as the Capital City of Riau Archipelago particularly and other its areas, generally have a lot of potencies of Tourism Objects, Sea and Beach Objects, Home Industry, etc.
A New Model for Pricing Collateralized OTC Derivatives
Authors: Xiao Tim
Published: September 2019

This paper presents a new model for pricing OTC derivatives subject to collateralization. It allows for collateral posting adhering to bankruptcy laws. As such, the model can back out the market price of a collateralized contract. This framework is very useful for valuing outstanding derivatives. Using a unique dataset, we find empirical evidence that credit risk alone is not overly important in determining credit-related spreads. Only accounting for both collateral arrangement and credit risk can sufficiently explain unsecured credit costs. This finding suggests that failure to properly account for collateralization may result in significant mispricing of derivatives. We also empirically gauge the impact of collateral agreements on risk measurements. Our findings indicate that there are important interactions between market and credit risk. https://osf.io/preprints/lissa/y2wqc/download
Derivative Valuation Model under Collateralization
Authors: Xiao Tim
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a new pricing model for collateralized derivatives. We model collateralization directly based on the fundamental principal and legal structure of Credit Support Annex (CSA). The model is devised that allows for collateralization adhering to bankruptcy laws. As such, it can back out price changes due to counterparty credit risk and collateral posting. We find empirical evidence that taking both collateral arrangement and credit risk into account can sufficiently explain credit exposures. This finding suggests that derivatives can be mispriced significantly if it fails to properly account for collateralization.https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/dh9mr/download
A Foucauldian-Vygotskian Analysis of the Pedagogy of Academic Integrity
Authors: Crook Stephanie
Published: September 2019

This paper provides a Foucauldian-Vygotskian analysis of the pedagogy of academic integrity in the North American post-secondary context. In particular, the issue of ‘unintentional plagiarism’ is examined. The main implication of this analysis is that the notion of unintentional plagiarism places students, particularly junior students, in a position of being asked to engage with complicated academic discourses in the absence of any internalized sense of academic integrity. This occurs because the removal of intent from the concept of academic integrity undermines its meaning, and this leads students to believe that they do not have access to the monitoring processes that they need in order to ensure that their work is properly cited. Several suggestions for improving the pedagogy of academic integrity emerge from this analysis and these are outlined in the paper.
Combining A Second-Generation Multivariate Index Assay with Ovarian Imaging Improves the Preoperative Assessment of An Adnexal Mass
Authors: Bullock Rowan G. , Smith Alan , Munroe Donald G. , Ueland Frederick R. , Goodrich Scott T. , Pappas Todd C. , Fredericks Tricia I. , Bonato Vinicius
Published: September 2019

Background: To understand the relationship between imaging and the next generation multivariate index assay (MIA2G) in the preoperative assessment of an adnexal mass. Methods: Serum samples and imaging data from two previously published studies are reanalyzed using the MIA2G test. We calculated the clinical performance of MIA2G and discrete imaging features associated with malignant risk. Results: 878 women were eligible for this analysis, 48.3% post-menopausal and 51.7% pre-menopausal. The prevalence of having a malignant pathology was 18%. Ultrasound was the most frequently used imaging modality. The combination of MIA2G “or” ultrasound resulted in higher sensitivity than either test alone, 93.5% compared to 87.6% for MIA2G and 74.2% for ultrasound. The negative predictive value was high: 94.6% for ultrasound, 98.1% for MIA2G “or” ultrasound. MIA2G “and” ultrasound had higher specificity but lower sensitivity than MIA2G or ultrasound alone. Similar results were seen for CT scan when evaluated with MIA2G. Conclusion: MIA2G and pelvic imaging are complementary tests and interpreting them together can provide important information about the malignant risk of an ovarian tumor. For physicians making decisions about a referral to a specialist, the combination of MIA2G “or” ultrasound has the highest sensitivity in predicting ovarian malignancy.
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: As Antimicrobial Peptides
Authors: Ann Quratul
Published: September 2019

Neutrophils are an integral part of innate immune response system, abundantly present in blood circulation. They are the primary responders to the injury or intruding pathogens in human body. Neutrophils engulf infectious microorganisms by the process of phagocytosis, which usually initiates the production of reactive oxygen species and adhere the neutrophilic antimicrobial granules with vacuoles containing pathogens. Upon activation, neutrophils also render signals for stimulation and maturation of macrophages and dendritic cells. They release neutrophil extracellular traps for the suppression of infection and inflammation along with other antimicrobial molecules. The antimicrobials that are present in neutrophil extracellular traps not only eradicate microbes but also moderately contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases such as destruction of tissue observed in periodontitis. Genetic shortcomings in neutrophils with respect to their chemotaxis, migration and phagocytosis become evident as severe forms of periodontitis, thus highlighting their role in innate immunity. Therefore, the present review is undertaken to highlight the importance of production and release of neutrophil extracellular trap in the regulation of immune reaction and its role in periodontal disease. A comprehensive database search was performed to gather all the relevant data related to the action of neutrophil and neutrophil extracellular traps in various inflammatory diseases with special emphasis on periodontitis.
An in vitro feasibility investigation considering primary human melanocytes for spray- grafting of freshly isolated autologous skin cells for burn treatment and a clinical case report
Authors: Gerlach Jörg C. , Johnen C. , Hartmann B. , Plettig J. , Bräutigam K. , Toman N. , Esteban-Vives Roger , Hubald S.
Published: September 2019

A skin cell-spray grafting technique that enables the on-site application of freshly isolated autologous single cell suspensions was already applied in many cases on caucasian patients with low skin coloration. Our project hypothesis is that these suspensions contain keratinocytes and vital melanocytes, that are of particular interest for the treatment of patients of darker skin color. To test this, we applied an in vitro model, wherein the feasibility of i) isolating and ii) spraying of freshly isolated autologous melanocyte-keratinocyte cell suspensions was investigated. Primary human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) and melanocytes (MCs) were isolated from skin biopsies (n=8). Biochemical parameter, cell counts, cell morphology, growth behavior and immunofluorescence results were compared in two groups using MC cultures and co-cultures of MCs with HEKs. Case information on using the method clinically with one patient is included. The sprayed mixed cell suspensions proliferated in all groups without measurable loss of viability, and MCs exhibited a regular cell morphology in monoculture up to passage 4°. The sprayed MCs and HEKs demonstrated in vitro glucose and lactate metabolism that was comparable to the pipetted controls. In co-culture, well distributed CK14+ HEKs and NKI/beteb+ MCs could be demonstrated, which interacted in the in vitro model. The ratio of HEKs : MCs in our primary cultures were microscopically counted (n=8 each) as mean +/- SD 1,211,000 (+/- 574,343) HEK : 99,625 (+/- 59,025) MC; i.e., a ratio of approx. 12 : 1. Using the isolation method clinically for a patient with dark skin coloration after suffering severe second-degree burns shows a satisfying re-pigmentation of the resulting wound post healing. Freshly isolated spray-on melanocyte/keratinocyte suspensions provide for a considerable amount of viable HEKs and MCs. Using MCs in spray-grafting suspensions could represent a promising approach for treating severe partial-thickness burns and innovative therapy developments that also aim to address cosmetic aspects.
Right-sided Giant Bochdalek hernia in an adult: A Case Report
Authors: Andersson Saana , Räsänen Jari , Kauppi Juha
Published: September 2019

Diagnosis of a Bochdalek hernia in an adult is rare and even more so in the right diaphragm. We review a case of a 55-year-old woman with a right-sided giant Bochdalek hernia who was experiencing progressive shortness of breath and performance decline. The diagnosis of Bochdalek hernia was made by computed tomography and the right side of liver, right kidney, omentum and flexura hepatica of the colon were herniated to the right hemithorax. The operation was carried out via right thoraco-laparotomy and she made an uneventful recovery. We conclude that maximal exposure was necessary for safe operation and good outcome.
Successful Management of an Extremely Large Uterine Scar Defect
Authors: Deffieux Xavier , S Vieillefosse , E Salakos , A Clavier
Published: September 2019

Background: Cesarean section is one of the most common surgical procedures in young women. Cesarean scar defects may occur postoperatively and may cause symptoms such as chronic pain, postmenstrual bleeding as well as secondary infertility.
Case presentation: We report the case of a 35-year-old woman who was referred to our center for the management of a large cesarean scar defect. She had history of two cesarean sections and presented with abnormal uterine bleeding, chronic pain and dyspareunia. Hysteroscopic examination showed the presence of a little isthmocele on the anterior uterine wall. Hysteroscopic resection with electrocoagulation was performed. The patient remained symptomatic and, unfortunately, five years later, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large anterior isthmocele (50x80 mm). A complete repair of the large defect was achieved by laparotomy.Postoperative MRI as well as hysteroscopic examination showed no signs of residual isthmocele.
Conclusion: There are three main surgical options for isthmocele repair: vaginal approach, hysteroscopic resection or laparoscopic resection and repair of the uterine wall. While there is no clear consensus about general management of isthmocele, there are very few cases the medical literature of large isthmoceles, such as the one we describe. This case is interesting since no case of worsening of isthmocele following hysteroscopic treatment has been described so far.
The effect of supplementation of vitamin D in neurocritical care patients: RandomizEd Clinical TrIal oF hYpovitaminosis D (RECTIFY)
Authors: Karsy Michael , Guan Jian , Eli Ilyas , Brock Andrea A. , Menacho Sarah T. , Park Min S.
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE

Hypovitaminosis D is prevalent in neurocritical care patients, but the potential to improve patient outcome by replenishing vitamin D has not been investigated. This single-center, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized (1:1) clinical trial was designed to assess the effect on patient outcome of vitamin D supplementation in neurocritical care patients with hypovitaminosis D.

METHODS

From October 2016 until April 2018, emergently admitted neurocritical care patients with vitamin D deficiency (≤ 20 ng/ml) were randomized to receive vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, 540,000 IU) (n = 134) or placebo (n = 133). Hospital length of stay (LOS) was the primary outcome; secondary outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, repeat vitamin D levels, patient complications, and patient disposition. Exploratory analysis evaluated specific subgroups of patients by LOS, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II).

RESULTS

Two-hundred seventy-four patients were randomized (intent-to-treat) and 267 were administered treatment within 48 hours of admission (as-treated; 61.2% of planned recruitment) and monitored. The mean age of as-treated patients was 54.0 ± 17.2 years (56.9% male, 77.2% white). After interim analysis suggested a low conditional power for outcome difference (predictive power 0.12), the trial was halted. For as-treated patients, no significant difference in hospital LOS (10.4 ± 14.5 days vs 9.1 ± 7.9 days, p = 0.4; mean difference 1.3, 95% CI −1.5 to 4.1) or ICU LOS (5.8 ± 7.5 days vs 5.4 ± 6.4 days, p = 0.4; mean difference 0.4, 95% CI −1.3 to 2.1) was seen between vitamin D3 and placebo groups, respectively. Vitamin D3 supplementation significantly improved repeat serum levels compared with placebo (20.8 ± 9.3 ng/ml vs 12.8 ± 4.8 ng/ml, p < 0.001) without adverse side effects. No subgroups were identified by exclusion of LOS outliers or segregation by GCS score, SAPS II, or severe vitamin D deficiency (≤ 10 ng/ml).

CONCLUSIONS

Despite studies showing that vitamin D can predict prognosis, supplementation in vitamin D–deficient neurocritical care patients did not result in appreciable improvement in outcomes and likely does not play a role in acute clinical recovery.

Clinical trial registration no.: NCT02881957 (clinicaltrials.gov)
Benign notochordal cell tumor of the clivus with chordoma component: report of 2 cases
Authors: Peris-Celda Maria , Salgado-Lopez Laura , Inwards Carrie Y. , Raghunathan Aditya , Carr Carrie M. , Janus Jeffrey R. , Stokken Janalee K. , Van Gompel Jamie J.
Published: September 2019

Benign notochordal cell tumors (BNCTs) are considered to be benign intraosseous lesions of notochord origin; however, recent spine studies have suggested the possibility that some chordomas arise from BNCTs. Here, the authors describe two cases demonstrating histological features of BNCT and concomitant chordoma involving the clivus, which, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, have not been previously documented at this anatomical site.

An 18-year-old female presented with an incidentally discovered clival mass. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 2.8-cm nonenhancing lesion in the upper clivus that was T2 hyperintense and T1 hypointense. She underwent an uneventful endoscopic transsphenoidal resection. Histologically, the tumor demonstrated areas of classic chordoma and a distinct intraosseous BNCT component. The patient completed adjuvant radiation therapy. Follow-up showed no recurrence at 18 months.

A 39-year-old male presented with an incidentally discovered 2.8-cm clival lesion. The nonenhancing mass was T2 hyperintense and T1 hypointense. Surgical removal of the lesion was performed through an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach. Histological analysis revealed areas of BNCT with typical features of chordoma. Follow-up did not demonstrate recurrence at 4 years.

These cases document histologically concomitant BNCT and chordoma involving the clivus, suggesting that the BNCT component may be a precursor of chordoma.
Impact of perioperative aneurysm rebleeding after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Authors: Horie Nobutaka , Sato Shuntaro , Kaminogo Makio , Morofuji Yoichi , Izumo Tsuyoshi , Anda Takeo , Matsuo Takayuki
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE

Aneurysm rebleeding is a major cause of death and morbidity in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Recognizing the predictors of rebleeding might help to identify patients who will benefit from acute management. This study was performed to investigate the predictors of aneurysm rebleeding and their impact on clinical outcomes in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods.

METHODS

The incidence of rebleeding, demographic data, and clinical data from 4933 patients with aneurysmal SAH beginning in the year 2000 were retrospectively analyzed in the Nagasaki SAH Registry Study. The authors performed multiple logistic regression analyses to identify the risk factors contributing to rebleeding and outcome after SAH.

RESULTS

Preoperative rebleeding occurred in 7.2% of patients. Patient age (p = 0.01), multiple aneurysms (p < 0.01), aneurysm size (p < 0.0001), and heart disease (p = 0.03) were significantly associated with preoperative rebleeding. Conversely, intraoperative rebleeding occurred in 11.2% of patients. Aneurysm location (anterior communicating artery [ACoA]), family history (p = 0.02), preoperative rebleeding (p < 0.01), and clipping/coiling (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with intraoperative rebleeding. Interaction analysis showed that clipping significantly affected intraoperative rebleeding at the ACoA (OR 4.00; 95% CI 1.82–8.80; p < 0.001). Postoperative rebleeding occurred in 2.4% of patients. Coiling/clipping (p < 0.0001) and intraoperative rebleeding (p < 0.01) were significantly associated with postoperative rebleeding. Rebleeding in all time periods examined significantly contributed to the clinical outcome after SAH.

CONCLUSIONS

Aneurysm rebleeding after SAH has specific characteristics in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods, and all of these characteristics contribute to the clinical outcome. The ACoA has a higher risk of intraoperative rebleeding, and endovascular coiling could be a good candidate in terms of techniques for preventing intraoperative rebleeding, although complete aneurysm obliteration should be accomplished.
Treatment strategy and long-term outcomes of primary intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma: a single-institution experience and systematic review
Authors: Zheng Jing-Jie , Zhang Gui-Jun , Huo Xu-Lei , Wang Liang , Hao Shu-Yu , Zhang Li-Wei , Wu Zhen , Wu Yu-Mei , Zhang Jun-Ting , Li Da
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE

Primary intracranial rhabdomyosarcoma (PIRMS) is rare, and the effects of the treatment strategy on overall survival (OS) are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors pertinent to OS and to propose an optimal treatment strategy.

METHODS

Clinical data of patients with PIRMS treated at Beijing Tiantan Hospital and from the English-language literature between 1946 and 2018 were reviewed. A literature review was performed via Ovid, MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases using the terms “rhabdomyosarcoma,” “intracranial,” “cerebral,” and “brain.” Previously published data were processed and used according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

RESULTS

There were 8 males (66.7%) and 4 females with PIRMS at our institution, with a mean age of 24.3 years. Gross-total resection was achieved in 4 patients (33.3%), and adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy were administered in 5 (45.5%) and 3 (27.3%) patients, respectively. After a mean follow-up period of 13.7 months, all patients developed local-regional recurrence and died of the disease. Twenty-nine cases (14 female and 15 male) were reported in the literature with a median age of 9.0 years. After a mean follow-up duration of 18.6 months, 13 patients (44.8%) developed recurrences, 7 patients (24.1%) had extracranial metastasis, and 14 patients (48.3%) died. In the pooled cases, adjuvant radiation (hazard ratio [HR] 0.089, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.027–0.288, p < 0.001) and age < 10 years (HR 0.227, 95% CI 0.077–0.666, p = 0.007) were independent predictors of good local-regional progression-free survival (LR-PFS). Adjuvant radiation therapy (HR 0.301, 95% CI 0.110–0.828, p = 0.020) and age < 10 years (HR 0.359, 95% CI 0.131–0.983, p = 0.046) were significant predictors for favorable OS in the multivariate model.

CONCLUSIONS

Due to the rarity of the disease, a poor outcome of PIRMS was demonstrated based on the pooled cohort. Use of radiation was associated with improved outcomes and should be considered to improve OS/LR-PFS. Further study is required to identify the optimal treatment regimen.

Systematic review no.: CRD42019121249 (crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/)
Time-dependent and site-dependent morphological changes in rupture-prone arteries: ovariectomized rat intracranial aneurysm model
Authors: Yamaguchi Tadashi , Miyamoto Takeshi , Kitazato Keiko T. , Shikata Eiji , Yamaguchi Izumi , Korai Masaaki , Shimada Kenji , Yagi Kenji , Tada Yoshiteru , Matsuzaki Yoshihito , Kanematsu Yasuhisa , Takagi Yasushi
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVE

The pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm rupture remains unclear. Because it is difficult to study the time course of human aneurysms and most unruptured aneurysms are stable, animal models are used to investigate the characteristics of intracranial aneurysms. The authors have newly established a rat intracranial aneurysm rupture model that features site-specific ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. In the present study the authors examined the time course of changes in the vascular morphology to clarify the mechanisms leading to rupture.

METHODS

Ten-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hemodynamic changes, hypertension, and ovariectomy. Morphological changes in rupture-prone intracranial arteries were examined under a scanning electron microscope and the association with vascular degradation molecules was investigated.

RESULTS

At 2–6 weeks after aneurysm induction, morphological changes and rupture were mainly observed at the posterior cerebral artery; at 7–12 weeks they were seen at the anterior Willis circle including the anterior communicating artery. No aneurysms at the anterior cerebral artery–olfactory artery bifurcation ruptured, suggesting that the inception of morphological changes is site dependent. On week 6, the messenger RNA level of matrix metalloproteinase–9, interleukin-1β, and the ratio of matrix metalloproteinase–9 to the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase–2 was significantly higher at the posterior cerebral artery, but not at the anterior communicating artery, of rats with aneurysms than in sham-operated rats. These findings suggest that aneurysm rupture is attributable to significant morphological changes and an increase in degradation molecules.

CONCLUSIONS

Time-dependent and site-dependent morphological changes and the level of degradation molecules may be indicative of the vulnerability of aneurysms to rupture.
Alfabetización inicial en Venezuela. Evolución histórica desde el desaprendizaje y el racionalismo crítico
Authors: Arévalo Joamsner Magdalena
Published: September 2019

El concepto de alfabetización alrededor del mundo se ha ido transformando hacia un enfoque más comunicativo en el que la producción y comprensión del discurso escrito se aprecie como una herramienta de crecimiento personal incluyendo el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información Comunicación (TIC). Se expone una revisión de la evolución histórica del concepto de alfabetización en Venezuela enmarcado en los postulados del racionalismo crítico y el desaprendizaje (Andrade, 2005 y Popper, 2008), iniciando con los programas y directrices emanadas de los entes oficiales para luego contrastarlas con los postulados de expertos. El fin último es dar inicio a un estudio que lleve a reconstruir el concepto de alfabetización y reoriente las prácticas escolares. Este estudio se basó en una revisión documental aportando como conclusión principal que no solo no hay un consenso sobre la visión y metodología para la alfabetización sino que el mencionado replanteamiento se hace necesario.
Identidad de la actividad universitaria: investigando, ando
Authors: Daza Acosta José Efraín
Published: September 2019

En el artículo se hace un recorrido por los diferentes modos como está presente la investigación en la actividad universitaria, para mostrarla como un rasgo esencial y definitorio de la identidad de la universidad contemporánea. Además, se trata de resaltar la investigación como una función propia del profesor universitario, que contribuye al logro de los fines institucionales, para el cultivo del saber superior, la formación académica y profesional misma del profesor y de los estudiantes, y la respuesta a las demandas de la sociedad. También se abordan otros temas, como la articulación entre docencia e investigación, a fin de justificar la necesidad y conveniencia de esta. Igualmente, se describen las múltiples alternativas para lograrla, y se destaca la investigación formativa, comprendida como una estrategia pedagógica para el desarrollo del currículo. Finalmente, se propone la elaboración de monografías investigativas, como el camino más adecuado para hacer operativos los procesos de investigación formativa.
Urban Greening and Human–Wildlife Relations in Philadelphia: From Animal Control to Multispecies Coexistence?
Authors: Hunold Christian
Published: September 2019

City-scale urban greening is expanding wildlife habitat in previously less hospitable urban areas. Does this transformation also prompt a reckoning with the longstanding idea that cities are places intended to satisfy primarily human needs? I pose this question in the context of one of North America's most ambitious green infrastructure programmes to manage urban runoff: Philadelphia's Green City, Clean Waters. Given that the city's green infrastructure plans have little to say about wildlife, I investigate how wild animals fit into urban greening professionals’ conceptions of the urban. I argue that practitioners relate to urban wildlife via three distinctive frames: 1) animal control, 2) public health and 3) biodiversity, and explore the implications of each for peaceful human– wildlife coexistence in ‘greened’ cities.
Design and Analysis of Fully-automatic Electromechanical Single Plate Clutch for Autonomous Agriculture Vehicle
Authors: A. Nawale Santosh , Shelke R. S.
Published: September 2019

Agriculture vehicles and farming equipment like tractors and Tillers, Sprayers etc., also use a similar automobile transmission. With the shortage in labor and also increase in labor expenses there is a trend to automate the farming equipment to save time and labor cost. The major challenges in automation is the clutch control which is presently manual, and the automatic clutch control in the high end vehicles cannot be used due to the high cost, complexity of design. Hence in order to carry out the automatic clutch control a special electro mechanical clutch is needed.
The fully- automatic electromechanical Single plate clutch for autonomous agriculture spray vehicle is our attempt to design develop and apply the clutch to agriculture automation. The Clutch development includes the theoretical design as to the Power and torque transmission of the engine power and also design of an innovation clutch engagement-disengagement arrangement with quick-response, low cost, easy serviceability and compact space.
The paper presents a brief overview of the clutch, design and analysis of the critical components like the flywheel, clutch plate and pressure plate, The components have been developed using Unigraphic Nx8 and the structural analysis has being done using Ansys Workbench 16.0 . The testing was carried out on the clutch using a test rig to determine the performance characteristic of the clutch.
Race, Educational Attainment, and E-Cigarette Use
Authors: Assari Shervin , Mistry Ritesh , Bazargan Mohsen
Published: September 2019

Background: Although higher educational attainment lowers high-risk behaviors such as substance use, according to the Minorities’ Diminished Returns theory, the effect of educational attainment may be smaller for Blacks than Whites.

Aims: To explore the racial differences in the link between educational attainment and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes).

Methods: We used the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) data. This national survey was conducted in 2017 and included 2,277 American adults composed of 1,868 White and 409 Black individuals. Educational attainment was the independent variable. E-cigarette use (lifetime) was the dependent variables. Age and gender were the covariates. Race was the effect modifier.

Results: In the overall sample, a higher level of education attainment was linked to lower odds of e-cigarette use (OR = 0.76, 95% CI =0.61-0.95). Race showed a significant interaction with educational attainment on the outcome (OR = 1.63, 95% CI =1.04-2.56), suggesting a weaker negative association between high educational attainment and e-cigarette use for Blacks than Whites. In race-stratified logistic regression models, high educational attainment was inversely associated with risk of e-cigarette use for Whites but not Blacks.

Conclusion: Educational attainment shows a stronger effect on e-cigarette use in White than Black Americans.
Potensi Mikroorganisme sebagai Biofertilizer dari Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Widyastuti Lusia , Sulistiyanto Yustinus , Jaya Adi , Jagau Yusurum , Neneng Liswara
Published: September 2019

This research was carried out in the oil palm plantation of PT. MuliaSawitAgro Lestari (PT. MSAL) Gunung Mas Regency Central Kalimantan Province for three months starting in January 2019 until March 2019. The purpose of this study was to identify the potential of microorganisms as biofertilizers from palm oil mill effluent (PKS). This research is an exploratory study conducted in the Laboratory of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Muhammadiyah University of Palangka Raya. This study used 3 (three) media used to identify the potential of microorganisms for biofertilizer from palm oil liquid waste by calculating the number of bacterial colonies namely Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC), pykovskaya media and Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar (Yema) media. The results of the analysis also showed that PKS liquid waste contained potential microorganisms found were phosphate solvent bacteria, cellulite fungi and nitrogen-fixing bacteria with an average bacterial colony of 1,700,000 cells/mL. Potential microorganisms from the proportion obtained showed the ability of bacteria found in PKS liquid waste to degrade the oil. The first and second samples of bacterial forms identified were in the form of bacilli and were gram-positive bacteria, while the samples of the three bacteria were in the form of coccus and the bacteria were gram-negative bacteria.
Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Serai (Cymbopogon citratus) terhadap Penyembuhan Luka Sayat pada Mencit Putih
Authors: Djuddawi Maharuni Nurqadriasti , Haryati Haryati , Kholidha Andi Noor
Published: September 2019

The wound is an injury to the part of the body where the skin and underlying tissues lose its tissue continuity. Lemongrass is one of the grass plants that often used as a medicine that can function as an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant that can affect the wound healing process. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) on wound healing in white mice. This research is true experimental research with a post-test only control group design. This research used 25 white mice divided into 5 groups: 30% lemongrass extract, 60% lemongrass extract, 80% lemongrass extract, negative control (Aquades) and positive control (Bioplacenton). The grouping of subjects was carried out randomly. Normality test using the Shapiro Wilk test shows the p-value in each group > 0.05, it can be concluded that the data distribution is normal. Levene's Test homogeneity test was obtained p-value = 0.730 (p> 0.05), thus the data variant is homogeneous. The results of the analysis with One-Way ANOVA test showed p-value = 0.881 (p > 0.05). There was no difference in the effectiveness of lemongrass extract (Cymbopogon citratus) 30%, 60%, and 80% compared to negative control groups and positive control of wound healing in white mice. However, wound healing in the 60% lemongrass extract group was faster and total wound healing had occurred on the 14th day. Wound healing is slowest in the 80% lemongrass extract group.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Fisik Sediaan Emulgel Tabir Surya Ekstrak Kulit Batang Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum burmannii)
Authors: Paramawidhita Risqika Yuliatantri , Chasanah Uswatun , Ermawati Dian
Published: September 2019

One of the natural ingredients can be used for sunscreen is Cinnamomum burmannii. Sinamaldehid chemical constituents in cinnamon bark extract that has potential as an antioxidant and can be used as a sunscreen content. This study was to determine the levels of cinnamon bark extract ( 1 %, 2 % and 3 % ) which can give physical characteristics, acceptability, which is optimal for preparations with HPMC as a gelling agent, Evaluations include pH, the power spread, the viscosity and acceptability. The results of organoleptic for formula I (1%), II (2%) and III (3%) have a soft texture grainy, the distinctive smell of cinnamon, and all formula has a pale brown color. From the analysis of One-Way ANOVA found significant differences for any dispersive power. But did not have significant differences in pH and viscosity. For acceptability evaluation formula III is the optimal formula to applied softness, easiest formula to flattened and easy to wash.
Efek Ekstrak Etanol Akar Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma Longifolia, Jack) terhadap Ekspresi HRAS pada Organ Hati Tikus Galur Sprague Dawley pada Pemberian Doxorubicin
Authors: Noval Noval , Raihana Raihana
Published: September 2019

Doxorubicin chemotherapy agents cause serious side effects in normal cells, especially in the liver and heart caused by free radicals. RAS is an important component of the signal transduction pathway that controls cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. The pasak bumi root (Eurycoma longifolia, Jack) has been reported to have acted as an antioxidant and hepatoprotector. This study aims to determine the effect of giving ethanol extract of pasak bumi root on HRAS expression in healthy mice given doxorubicin. This research was conducted by dividing the test animals into 7 groups, namely doxorubicin control group 4.67 mg / kgBB, group II control ethanol extract of pasak bumi roots 200 mg / kgBB, group III, IV and V were the treatment groups given doxorubicin 4.67 mg / kgBW with ethanol extract of the pasak bumi root, each 50 mg / kgBB; 100 mg / kgBB; 200 mg / kgBW, group VI solvent control and group VII healthy control. The study was continued by painting using an immunohistochemical method to see the expression of HRAS in each experimental group. Data analysis was performed by calculating per cent expressions, then proceed with statistical tests using SPSS. The results of statistical tests showed that there were significant differences between the doxorubicin control group (18.56 � 1.85) and the treatment of group 5 (10.43 � 1.71) and there were no significant differences between the doxorubicin control group (18.56 � 1, 85) with group 3 treatment (17.80 � 4.23) and group 4 treatment (16.70 � 1.97). From the results of the study concluded that the ethanol extract of pasak bumi roots at a dose of 200 mg / KgBB can reduce the expression of HRAS in the administration of doxorubicin
Standardisasi Ekstrak Etanol Umbi Tawas Ut (Ampelocissus rubiginosa Lauterb.) asal Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Qamariah Nurul , Handayani Rezqi , Wulandari Reni
Published: September 2019

Standardization is the process of ensuring that the final product of the drug has a good quality value based on certain parameters that have been set. The purpose of this study was to describe the standardization of the ethanol extract of Tawas Ut tuber (Ampelocissus rubiginosa Lauterb.) From Central Kalimantan. This study uses a descriptive method with a laboratory approach that is divided into two parameters, namely specific and non-specific parameters. Specific parameters include extract identity, organoleptic examination and identification of chemical compounds, and non-specific parameters including total ash content, acid insoluble ash, specific gravity and microbial contamination. The results of specific standardization parameters, from the identity of the extract, obtained the name of the extract, the ethanol extract of Ut Tawas tuber, the Latin name of the plant (Ampelocissus rubiginosa Lauterb.), the plant parts used are tuber, and the Indonesian name of the plant is Tawas Ut, dark red, odourless and bitter and chelate taste, identification of chemical compounds showed that the extract positively contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The results of non specific extract standardization parameters showed total ash content of 0.61 � 10-4, acid insoluble ash content of 0.17% � 10-3, density of 0.9151 mass/ volume � 6x10-4, and testing microbial contamination, number of moulds and yeast there is no contamination which means the extract is not polluted and has fulfilled the requirements.