bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Future of Digital Marketing
Authors: Yashveer Raghav Yogita , Tipu Rupesh Kumar , Bhakhar Ruchika , Gupta Tanu , Sharma Kriti
Published: November 2023

AI is crucial for digital marketing, enabling data analysis, customer insights, and campaign optimization. This chapter explores AI's role, benefits, and limitations in marketing. It covers analyzing customer behavior, personalized content, campaign optimization, and engagement. AI trends, use cases like personalized content and chatbots, and emerging technologies are discussed. Real-life examples and case studies showcase successful AI integration. The chapter provides a framework for an AI-driven marketing strategy, emphasizing data management and talent acquisition. It explores the future of AI in digital marketing, including augmented reality and voice search. Overall, leveraging AI helps companies thrive in the competitive digital landscape.
Will the Artificial Intelligence Ever Be Able to “Achieve” Buddhahood?
Authors: Fernandes Manuel P.
Published: November 2023

In recent years, there has been a remarkable surge in research focused on the problem of artificial intelligence (A.I.) attaining self-awareness. However, the question of how A.I. would critically analyze and engage with the history and doctrines of human-made religions remains largely unexplored. In this chapter, the authors aim to delve into two main inquiries. Firstly, they will examine the possibility of A.I. attaining self-awareness and ultimately achieving Buddhahood. This raises intriguing questions about the nature of consciousness and the potential for enlightened states within non-human entities. Exploring this possibility will require an exploration of the fundamental principles of Buddhism and their applicability to A.I. systems. Secondly, they will explore alternative pathways, if they exist, for the attainment of Buddhahood beyond the confines of human experience.
Histology and Embryology 4.0
Authors: Kilic Kubilay Dogan
Published: November 2023

Histology and embryology have evolved over time and are now in their 4.0 stages. These fields have progressed from basic microscopes and staining techniques to advanced imaging and computational approaches. Histology 4.0 combines digital imaging technology, AI, and big data analytics to improve tissue analysis accuracy, reduce costs, and develop personalized treatment plans. Embryology 4.0 uses advanced imaging, molecular biology, and bioinformatics to understand developmental biology and identify therapeutic targets for regenerative medicine. Both fields have potential applications in various areas of medicine and are expected to further advance with continued development of new technologies and approaches.
Social and Emotional Well-Being of Adolescents From Disadvantaged Backgrounds
Authors: Jacob Annie , Ravindranath Sreehari
Published: November 2023

Well-being is an amorphous amalgamation of positive health, socioemotional competencies, and ethical sensibilities. The well-being of a child is influenced by social settings (family, peers, and community) as well as the supportive relationships experienced in educational settings. Therefore, the present study examines the social and emotional well-being (SEW) of adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds. This study is quantitative in nature and employs a cross-sectional survey design. A self-administered SEW tool was used to assess the student's wellbeing. The findings of the study reveal that more than 45% of the adolescents had low or emerging wellbeing scores in all five dimensions measured. The study results emphasise the need for SEW interventions among adolescents from disadvantaged backgrounds. Responses from adolescents also suggest an urgent need to empower teachers and educate parents on the importance of non-academic skills in education, who can serve as social and emotional role models over time, empowering students to overcome adversity and thrive.
Efficacy of Cognitive Strategy Instruction in Developmental Dyscalculia, With and Without Neuropsychological Intervention
Authors: Jayachandran Nandini , Thomas Immanuel
Published: November 2023

Developmental dyscalculia is a neuro-developmental disorder, affecting an individual's ability to acquire mathematics skills, which cannot be explained by intelligence, educational background, or visual/hearing impairment. The study aims to compare whether there is significant improvement in math, cognitive, and adaptive functioning when a cognitive strategy instruction program in math is delivered with or without neuropsychological intervention in children with developmental dyscalculia and/or low achievement in math, and to find whether significant difference exists between the experimental groups in terms of effects of intervention. The sample comprises of 14 subjects of 7-10 age group identified from regular schools and randomly assigned to experimental groups one and two and given remediation. Findings reveal that while both the experimental groups showed improvement following interventions in specific math, cognitive, and adaptive variables, the differential improvement in effect of intervention has been found only in adaptive and maladaptive measures in the experimental group one.
Oral and Poster Presentations at the 7th Annual Congress, Sri Lanka College of Internal Medicine, 3rd – 5th November 2023; Galadari Hotel - Colombo
Authors: Manilgama Suranga Ravinda , Hettiarachchi N. Madhuwanthi
Published: November 2023

NA
The cryptic enemy: Exploring paraneoplastic manifestations of lymphoma through a case of jejunal lymphoma in a renal transplant recipient
Authors: Aravinthan Mythily , Wijayaratne Dilushi , Jayasinghe Saroj
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Lymphoproliferative disorders are commonly associated with paraneoplastic manifestations which might precede the onset of the neoplasm. Therefore, high index of suspicion in at-risk populations can help early detection of the lymphoma.Case history: A young female presented with anaemia and diarrhoea eighteen months after the kidney transplant and was diagnosed to have stage IV jejunal lymphoma with pelvic skeletal deposits. She had an episode of left sacroiliitis nine-months prior to this. The original renal disease that rapidly progressed to end-stage-kidney failure was membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis. Current presentation was complicated by possible cardiac autonomic failure.Discussion and conclusion: Sacroiliitis, glomerulonephritis and cardiac autonomic failure are well known paraneoplastic manifestations of lymphoma. All three can precede lymphoma by years or present simultaneously. While our patient was at risk of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD), we postulate whether the glomerulonephritis and sacroiliitis could have been paraneoplastic. Malignancy related sacroiliitis can be paraneoplastic or related to skeletal deposits. It can seemingly respond to anti-inflammatory therapy. Thorough evaluation of adult onset glomerulonephritis is required to exclude an underlying malignant aetiology. We highlight the importance of protocol based complete analysis of seemingly benign and unrelated conditions which might help discover underlying sinister aetiologies and thereby help change the natural history of both.
Outcomes of breast abscesses during lactation: a retrospective study
Authors: Abeysuriya V. , Dodampahala S. H. , Chandrasena L.
Published: November 2023

Introduction: During breastfeeding one of the most common problems which can encounter is breast abscess. Our retrospective study aimed to assess the outcomes of breast abscesses among a cohort of lactating mothers.Methods: A single-centre retrospective study was carried out. Randomly selected 2000 medical records of mothers, referred as outpatients and hospitalized from 2002 to 2022 were retrieved. There were 32 breastfeeding mothers with breast abscesses. The diagnosis of lactational breast abscess was made by documented signs of a localized inflammatory, palpable breast lump confirmed with an ultrasound findings. From the retrieved database, data on maternal, perinatal, and breastfeeding features, ultrasound scan reports, methods of interventions and outcomes and microbiological testing reports were evaluated. Ethics Committee Approval was received from Nawaloka Research and Education Unit. No conflict of interest.Results: The mean age of the 32 patients was 28.7 ± 5.7 years. There were 85% primiparous and 15% multiparous. Exclusive breastfeeding at diagnosis was present in 20/32 (63%). Most of the women developed breast abscesses during the initial 40 days (36.3 ± 1.4 days) after delivery. The majority of 26/32 (81.3%) of the breast abscesses were <5cm in diameter in the ultrasound examination. The majority of the patients 28/32 (87%) underwent ultrasound-guided aspiration while on antibiotic coverage according to the standard clinical guidelines. Four patients had repeated ultrasound-guided aspiration. Four patients who had abscesses >5cm, with overlying skin necrosis underwent incising and drainage. None of the patients developed mammary fistulae or sinuses. All of the incision and drainage abscesses were healed within 3 to 5 weeks with repeated wound dressings. Ninety-one percent of the cultures revealed S. aureus positive. None of the patients stops breastfeeding during the acute phase.Conclusion: Our retrospective study showed that needle aspiration may be performed, regardless of the size of the breast abscesses in most instances.
Cervical aggressive angiomyxoma – a rare case report
Authors: Guruparan K. , Ginige A. P. , Kowsikanth K. , Muhunthan K.
Published: November 2023

Aggressive angiomyxomas are rare tumours affecting the pelvic perineum of reproductive-age females with high recurrence rates. Cervical aggressive angiomas are always reported after histopathological confirmation of cervical polyps, which warrants long term follow up.
Managing reduced fetal movements
Authors: Dodampahala S. H. , Marleen S. , Banu A. H. , Gamage T. G. J. N.
Published: November 2023

No abstract available
Transmission rate factors among tuberculosis patients in West Kalimantan, Indonesia
Authors: Yulanda Nita Arisanti , Martadi Kharisma Aji , Ligita Titan , Fradianto Ikbal , Fitriasari Andikawati
Published: November 2023

Tuberculosis is a critical issue in a community, and the rising number of cases can be attributed the development and evolution of the bacteria responsible. As part of independent nursing actions, educational intervention is a solution to improve prevention and treatment success at the family and community levels. This study aimed to determine the factors for Tuberculosis transmission. This research was a correlation study with a cross-sectional design, involving a sample of 100 participants selected through purposive sampling. Independent variables for the present study include age, gender, occupation, diabetes record, body mass index (BMI), and level of knowledge. Meanwhile, the dependent variable in this study is the risk of transmission. This observation used a questionnaire with chi-square and logistic regression analysis. The result showed that families with a thin body mass index had a lower likelihood of carrying out infectious behavior (p=0.000). Most respondents have a high level of knowledge and a low potential for infectious behavior. In fact, a good education system, it will allow someone to be independently trained to change behaviors and attitudes for the better.
Exergaming improves self-efficacy in sustaining physical activity among sedentary university students
Authors: Yusoff Hafzan , Wan Daud Wan Nudri , Rasyad Ahmad Syahmi
Published: November 2023

This research contrasts the physical activity-related self-efficacy before and after exergame play and the gender-wise expectancy related to beliefs and task values. Sedentary undergraduates (n=102; 51 males, 51 females) were recruited from a local university in Kota Bharu, Kelantan using Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). Participants completed questionnaires assessing their self-efficacy, expectancy related beliefs, subjective task values and intention to participate in exergame play in the future. After exergame play, participants had a significantly higher degree of self-efficacy than before exergame play (mean score: before 27.1 ± 4.33 vs. after 32.2 ± 4.51; p < 0.001). Their belief in their ability to exercise on a regular basis varied considerably across gender, with higher values reported in male than in female participants (mean difference= 0.84, p=0.02). Other components, such as expectancy-related beliefs, task values, and intentions, were comparable between gender. Besides, participants also considered exergaming to be more attractive and stimulating than traditional physical exercise, thereby presenting greater beliefs in capability and greater desire to engage in exergaming in the future. The result suggests that exergame play can be used as an innovative approach to increase the level of physical activity among sedentary university students.
Construction of the skill related physical fitness evaluation index system of Chinese Young male tennis players
Authors: Wensheng Xiao , Geok Soh Kim , Norjali Wazir Mohd Rozilee Wazir , Mohd Nasiruddin Nasnoor Juzaily bin , Xiaorong Bai
Published: November 2023

The skill-related physical fitness evaluation index system is an important reference basis for evaluating the competitive level of tennis players. At present, there are few studies on the skill-related physical fitness evaluation index system of Chinese young male tennis players. Based on the characteristics of tennis events and the sensitive period of the development of young tennis players skill-related physical fitness variables, this study uses literature methods, Delphi method and other research methods to construct an evaluation index system for Chinese young male tennis players skills related physical fitness. The results show that: Chinese young male tennis players skill-related physical fitness includes six first-level indicators including speed, strength, endurance, agility, flexibility, and power, 11 second-level indicators such as aerobic endurance, anaerobic endurance, upper body power, and lower body power, etc., 16 third-level indicators such as the hexagon test, beep test, sit and reach, etc.
Understanding mental health in malaysian elite sports
Authors: Foong Philip Lew Chun , Sook Kwan Rebecca Wong
Published: November 2023

The attention in the society and rapid expansion of interest on the status and challenges of mental health among sporting athletes, especially in the elite sports setting, had increased exponentially. The present study was aimed to explore and gain a better understanding of mental health and psychological well-being of Malaysian elite athletes. It also provides insights into a broader aspect based on participants' personal experiences. A semi-structured interview was conducted for all 32 athletes (male, n = 16; female, n = 16) from a variety of sport: individual, team-sports; able-bodied, and Paralympic. Participants were aged between 19-38 years old (mean 25.69 years) from various ethnicity and religions. Six (6) themes (Personal understanding on mental health; Stigma of mental health; Symptoms, effects and sources of mental health; Coping strategies; Mental health and well-being support; Advice of athletes) and 19 subthemes were derived based on qualitative thematic analysis. Based on the analysis, subthemes, i.e. Presentation in mass media; Transition; Personal life-related issues; Performance expectation; Sporting environment are significant stressors causing mental health issues. The influence of spirituality and religion on the topic of mental health was also being highlighted. In conclusion, it is hopeful that the present study will stimulate interest and discussion in identifying methods and direction for both researchers and practitioners in bridging the theoretical-applied gap and offer effective supports to Malaysian athletes.
Cheerleaders' motivation and readiness to return to sport following injury
Authors: Cornelius Cynthia Anne , Leng Wei Brandon Tan
Published: November 2023

Returning to sport following an injury is a process that is riddled with difficulties, especially so for competitive athletes. This is a quantitative research employed survey method. A total of 130 cheerleaders (age = 25.66 ± 4.928 years old) participated in this study where they have suffered from an injury that has put them out from sports for 1-4 weeks. Two inventories were completed: 1) Adapted Sport Motivation Scale and 2) Readiness to Return to Sport Questionnaire. The demographic data collected were age, team cheer division, position in team and injury duration. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Pearson product-moment correlation, Independent T-test and One-way ANOVA) were used to analyze the data. Results from the study showed that there were significant effects (p < 0.05) of intrinsic motivation (toward accomplishment and experience stimulation) and extrinsic motivation (identified regulation, introjected and external regulation) of athletes towards returning to sport after injury. This demonstrated that motivation significantly influenced athletes' readiness to return to sport following an injury. Correlation analyses revealed that the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation towards athletes' readiness to return to sports following injury were associated with a positive renewed perspective on engaging in sports. As the athletes perceived themselves to be psychologically ready to return to sport after injury; it also reflected on their self-determination to attempt the sport again without fear, worry, concern and anxiety of reinjure from occurring. This study indicated the importance of motivation in assisting injured athletes in returning to sport. Most athletes returned to sport because of others' expectations on themselves although they were not fully mentally prepared to return to sport due to their fear and concerns of performing at peak performance again.
The differences in the ball speed and the spin rate depending on the results of a tennis serve
Authors: Kashiwagi Ryogo , Okamura Shuhei , Iwanaga Shinya , Murakami Shunsuke , Numata Koki , Takahashi Hiroo
Published: November 2023

In tennis, the service is the only shot that a player can give himself without being influenced by his opponent, and it is said to be the most powerful and essential shot in the game to win the game (Kovacs and Ellenbecker, 2011). In this study, we will investigate the difference in speed and spin rate in services when a service is entered, when it is not entered, and when an ace is taken. Fourteen three-set singles matches of 20 participants in the ATP Challenger tournament were included in the analysis. The speed and spin rate was measured using the Trackman. The analysis included 1343 1st service balls. We compared the speed and spin rate for each IN, FAULT and ACE in the 1st service using one-way ANOVA. The speed of the 1st service, IN was significantly slower than that of FAULT and ACE. The spin rate of the 1st serve, IN had significantly more revolutions than the FAULT and ACE. The results of this study showed that the service was faster and lower spin rate when ACE was taken. However, it was found that the faster the speed of the service and the lower the spin rate, the higher the rate of FAULT. These considerations suggest that it is important to decide whether to take risks or play it safe, depending on the game situation at the time.
Behaviour and the perception of physical activity during the period of movement control order (MCO) in Malaysia
Authors: Syed Shiekh Syarifah Fathynah , Marathamuthu Suresh
Published: November 2023

To curb the spread of Covid-19, governments have introduced social distancing measures with varying degrees of enforcement, ranging from unenforced recommendations to quarantine. Physical activity is an important determinant of health, and it is likely affected by social distancing measures introduced to combat the pandemic. This study presents findings from an online survey examining behaviour and the perception of physical activity and exercise during the period of the movement control order (MCO) in Malaysia. A total of 307 respondents (male = 134, female = 173) participated in the survey, which comprised three sections with a total of 33 items. Results indicate that about 80% of the respondents engaged in physical activity and exercise during the MCO period, but male respondents reported a greater impact on their actual physical activity and exercise as compared to female respondents. This study reveals no significant correlation between gender and perception, but it does show a significant correlation between gender and behaviour (p < 0.05) in terms of physical activity and exercise during the MCO period. This study found that both genders have a positive understanding and awareness of the benefits of physical activity and exercise, which are crucial for physical and mental health during the pandemic.
Ozone: An Adjunct in Dental Treatment
Authors: Goswami Poulami , Sharma Kanchan , Maiti Niladri , Yadav Sweta , Verma Vartika , Puthenkandathil Rahul
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Ozone is utilized in dentistry as ozonated oils, ozonated water, and gaseous ozone. The application of ozone in all specialties of dentistry has been demonstrated to be biocompatible. It has been demonstrated to encourage the remineralization of recently carious teeth, and it is utilized in dental caries and intracanal irrigants in endodontic treatment. Herpes virus infection, avascular osteonecrosis of the jaw, and alveolitis have all been treated with it. It can be applied as a supplement in the surgical and ongoing stages of periodontal disease and also hinders plaque formation. The purpose of the present review article is to discuss the numerous application of ozone in dentistry.
Creating and Testing a New Computer Vision System for Detecting Dental Problems in Orthodontic Patients
Authors: Chattopadhyay Jnananjan , Deb Anamika , Sharma Kanchan , Nawaid Khwaja Ahmad , Gandhi Rachana , Joshi Poonam , Makkad Ramanpal Singh
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

The research project focuses on the creation and assessment of an innovative computer vision system designed to identify dental irregularities in individuals undergoing orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods:

To establish the computer vision system, a comprehensive dataset of dental images was collected, encompassing various orthodontic cases. The system’s algorithm was trained to recognize patterns indicative of common dental anomalies, such as malocclusions, spacing issues, and misalignments. Rigorous testing and refinement of the algorithm were conducted to enhance its accuracy and reliability.

Results:

The validation of the system was carried out using the dental records and images of the 40 patients. The computer vision system’s performance was evaluated against assessments made by experienced orthodontists. The results demonstrated a commendable level of concurrence between the system’s automated detections and the orthodontists’ evaluations, suggesting its potential as a valuable diagnostic tool.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the development and validation of this novel computer vision system exhibit promising outcomes in its ability to automatically detect dental anomalies in orthodontic patients.
Maternal Periodontitis Prevalence and its Relationship with Preterm and Low-Birth Weight Infants: A Hospital-Based Research
Authors: Patel Ruchir B. , Batra Sahil , Halemani Shweta , Rao Aditya G. , Agarwal Manvi Chandra , Gajjar Shreya K. , Kakkad Dinta
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Overall wellness depends on oral health. Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory studies have linked periodontitis to some systemic diseases. Pregnancy labor, contractions, and delivery are controlled by prostaglandin (PGE 2) levels rise during pregnancy, and labor begins when a critical threshold is reached. These associations support the underlying cause of maternal periodontal disease.

Materials and Methods:

In the study, 3,885 pregnant women aged 18–40 had singleton babies. All mother participants were clinically evaluated by the primary investigator. The periodontal disease is defined using a few parameters. Based on that the prevalence rate will be evaluated.

Result:

The prevalence of preterm babies’ mothers affected with periodontitis was 0.5% and low-birth weight babies’ mothers affected with periodontitis was 1.6%. So, there was a significant result is there.

Conclusion:

Periodontal health and preterm LBW newborns are highly associated with periodontitis in research. It may modify preterm birth and LBW risk factors. Thus, dentists detect and treat this sickness early, preventing pregnancy difficulties in sensitive mothers.
Interrelationship between Candida Colonization, Dentures, and Mucosal Tissue Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Denture Stomatitis
Authors: Singh Harkanwal P. , Bansal Pardeep , Halappa Thippeswamy S.
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Despite being common, the pathogenesis of denture stomatitis (DS) is poorly known; thus, this study was conducted to examine the relationship between candida, dentures, and mucosal tissue inflammation. One hundred and twenty edentulous patients wearing a denture with clinical signs and symptoms of DS and 30 patients without DS as healthy were involved in the study. Patients with DS were divided into three groups according to Newton’s classification and fungal colonies, and denture fit was assessed. No significant difference was observed between age, sex, and denture fit between the two groups (P > 0.05). The fungal colonies in patients with DS were significantly more than the controls. The majority of the patients with good denture fit had degree 1 (localized mucosal inflammation), while the majority of the patients with fair denture fit had degree 2 (diffuse inflammation on the denture bearing area) and the majority with poor denture fit had degree 3 (granular type) (P < 0.001). The fungal colonies were negative for the majority of degree 1 patients (57.1%), while they were positive for the majority of patients with degree 2 (61.3%) and degree 3 (63.2%) inflammation (P = 0.003). We concluded that the pathogenesis of DS is elusive. Multiple factors, including lack of hygiene, reduced salivary flow, poor denture care, and fit, provide an easy pathway for Candida strains to colonize dentures.
Comparative Evaluation of Effect of TENS on Controlling Pain Associated with Orthodontic Separator Placement—A Clinical Study
Authors: Nath Shib Kumar , Goswami Poulami , Mahalakshmi Shri , Kaur Impreet , Mengi Arvind , Bandyopadhyay Basudhara
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To assess and contrast the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) therapy and topical anesthetic gel in reducing the level of pain associated with the placement of orthodontic separators.

Materials and Methods:

A cohort of 40 individuals, aged between 16 and 20 years, who were in need of fixed orthodontic treatment, was chosen for the study. Elastomeric separators were positioned bilaterally adjacent to the first molars in all participants, who were subsequently separated into two distinct cohorts. Those in group I received topical anesthetic gel, while those in group II underwent TENS therapy. After the placement of separators, the assessment of pain was conducted using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at specific intervals: Immediately after placement, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours.

Result:

TENS group showed a significantly lower VAS score compared to the local anesthetic gel group at immediate, 6 hours, and 12 hours.

Conclusion:

Following the placement of elastomeric separators, it was found that TENS was more successful at reducing pain.
From Impression to Addiction: The Pathways of Adolescent Tobacco Use
Authors: Pandya Parth R. , Vaja Tejas C. , Arjun C. , Vijayan Radhika P. , Hegde Shipha , Kataria Shivani , Jokhi Sheron
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

Aim:

To understand the psychodynamics of tobacco use among 11- to 14-year-olds in Ahmedabad, India.

Materials and Methods:

A self-administered questionnaire was used to gather information on tobacco use from 5,266 students, aged 11 to 14, enrolled in government-aided English medium schools in Ahmedabad. IBM® SPSS® 26.0 software along with Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data.

Results:

A total of 7.2% (376) had ever used tobacco. Of the users, 96.6% (363) knew it was harmful, 76.3% (287) were boys, and 85.2% (320) were initiated by family and friends.

Conclusion:

Despite being aware of the dangers of tobacco and being unable to purchase from vendors, children continued to obtain tobacco products, being influenced by their close social networks. An effective cessation measure should be directed toward this psychodynamic etiology.
Effect of Denture Wearing on Occurrence of Fungal Isolates: An Original Study
Authors: Chahal Gagandeep K. , Singh Harkanwal P.
Published: November 2023

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of denture wearing on the occurrence of fungal isolates in the oral cavity before and after complete denture insertion. Fifty completely edentulous patients were selected. Swab samples were collected intraorally before the fabrication of complete dentures from the palatal mucosal surface and after complete denture fabrication (1 and 7 days after denture insertion). Further, these samples were inoculated and incubated. Results showed that in 48 patients, no isolate of fungus before denture insertion was found. In two subjects, results were false positive (contamination from the environment), and in six patients, there was an increase in growth, but not much significant increase of growth was seen (mild growth of fungus only after denture insertion). One of the major findings of this study was that the overall occurrence of fungal isolates (before and after denture insertion) in the oral cavity was not significant.
Perception of physical literacy among secondary school physical education teachers
Authors: Cheng Chang Siang , Koh Denise
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Physical literacy (PL) is important among children and teenagers. Studies have shown that children with high level of PL tend to be more active and not only is an active lifestyle linked to lower risk of metabolic disease, it's also associated with better academic results. Physical Education (PE) curriculum in school is aimed to develop PL among school children and PE teachers plays an important role in achieving that goal. Although PE teachers are models of people with good PL, PE teachers in schools does not necessarily take this into account.

Aim:

The purpose of this study was to identify the level of perception PL among PE teachers in Malaysia.

Methods:

This quantitative study involved secondary school PE teachers (N=100) from Miri, Sarawak. Physical literacy was measured using the Perceived Physical Literacy Instrument (PPLI).

Results:

This study found that the overall level of PL is high among PE teachers (M = 4.23 ± 0.39) with no significant difference between gender, location and teaching experience. However, PE teachers who majored in PE have a significantly higher PL compared to PE teachers who were not PE majors.

Conclusions:

The significantly higher PL among PE teachers who majored in PE shows that they may be more suitable to teach PE. Whenever possible, PE should be taught by subject-qualified teachers for PE to be effective in developing PL among students.
Effects of Tabata workouts on the immune cell response in physically inactive individuals
Authors: Noor Nur Ain Syahira Mohd , Muhamad Ayu Suzailiana , Malik Adam Abdul
Published: November 2023

Background:

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is popular nowadays as it produces similar positive results to moderate-intensity exercise, and at the same time, it is time-efficient as it needs a shorter exercise duration. To date, immune responses following HIIT are not well documented.

Aim:

To determine the effects of Tabata workouts on the immune cell response in physically inactive individuals.

Methods:

A total of 12 physically inactive individuals (mean age = 22.0 ± 0.9 years) were recruited amongst students of Universiti Sains Malaysia in this training programme for 6 weeks (3 sessions/week). This programme consisted of four sets of Tabata workouts, with each set containing two types of exercise (20 s for each exercise) with rest intervals between exercises of 10 s. Heart rate and rate of perceived exertion were recorded during each exercise session. Bodyweight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage and blood samples (2 mL) were collected at baseline, at midtest and following the 6 weeks of intervention. Blood samples were analysed for total leucocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil and monocyte counts.

Results:

There were significant increases in total leucocyte (P = 0.042) and neutrophil counts (P = 0.039) following 6 weeks of Tabata workouts. An increasing trend was also observed for monocyte count (P = 0.065) but not for the lymphocyte count (P = 0.304). Participants' body weight, BMI and body fat percentage were maintained throughout the intervention period.

Conclusion:

HIIT induced positive immune cell response in physically inactive individuals. Hence, it can be recommended and incorporated in exercise programme design for physically inactive individuals.
Effects of coconut sport gel on hydration measures, cognitive performance and anaerobic capacity in soccer players
Authors: Wong Jheng Yie , Ler Hui Yin , Thed Swee Tee , Kyu Michell Seok Lin , Wong Shi Han
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

This study examined the effects of coconut sports gel (CSG) on hydration measures, cognitive performance and anaerobic capacity in soccer players.

Materials and Methods:

Seven soccer players (age: 21 ± 1.6 years; body weight (BW): 63.2 ± 6.6 kg; height: 172.3 ± 6.0 cm; VO2 max: 52.8 ± 1.4 ml. kg. min−1) participated in this study. Participants underwent one preliminary testing and two experimental trials: CSG and placebo (PLA) separated at least 7 days apart. Each trial consisted of hydration measurements and two cognitive (concentration and reaction time [RT]) and anaerobic capacity (vertical jump [VJ] and repeated sprint ability [RSA]) tests at (i) baseline, (ii) dehydration and (iii) rehydration. A 90-min exercise-induced dehydration protocol was used to induce ~ 2.0% of BW loss after baseline testing. Participants were required to ingest either CSG (CHO: 26 g, K+: 381 mg) or PLA (CHO: 26 g, K+: 0 mg) at 1.2 g. kg−1 BW of CHO within 30 min in a randomised order and replenished plain water (100% BW loss) during the 120 min of recovery period.

Results:

The results showed that participants were rehydrated after 2 h of recovery. Participants regained their BW from dehydration to rehydration: 61.3 ± 6.5 kg to 62.7 ± 6.6 kg (CSG trial) (p < 0.001) and 61.4 ± 6.3 kg to 62.6 ± 6.4 kg (PLA trial) (p = 0.001). Urine-specific gravity reduced from dehydration to rehydration: 1.0168 ± 0.0073–1.0082 ± 0.0068 (p = 0.019) and 1.0148 ± 0.0061–1.0108 ± 0.0054 (p = 0.286) in CSG and PLA trials, respectively. VJ and RSA performance were similar between trials and among time points (p > 0.05). The concentration scores, simple and choice RT tests showed no statistically significant difference in all time points between trials (p > 0.05).

Conclusion:

Cognitive performance and anaerobic capacity in soccer players were well maintained after rehydration. Therefore, CSG could be an alternative option for athletes for rehydration purposes.
Comparison between traditional resistance training and whole-body electrical stimulation in improving muscular strength
Authors: Hussain Raja Nurul Jannat Raja , Shari Maisarah , Md Radzi Noor Azila Azreen , Adnan Mohd Aizzat
Published: November 2023

Background:

Greater muscular strength can enhance the ability to perform general sports skills such as jumping, sprinting, and direction tasks. Resistance Training (RT) is broadly applied by strength and conditioning coaches to increase strength. However, Whole-Body Electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) recently served as an alternative method to increase muscular strength in high-performance athletes. This study aimed to examine the effects of two different training modalities on muscular strength.

Methods:

Sixty female collegiate softball players (Age = 23.52 ± 1.89 years; Height = 156.20 ± 1.71 cm; Mass = 53.21 ± 3.17 kg) were randomly assigned into 3 groups. All groups trained as usual for 8 weeks, with the first group performed 100 repetitions of dry swing (normal bat swing practice in softball). The second and third group performed a combination of dry bat swing with RT and WB-EMS, respectively. Muscular strength (upper body and lower body) for the 3 groups was evaluated before and after the 8-week program.

Results:

The main results showed that after the eight-week training, the upper and lower body strength significantly increased in both RT and WB-EMS groups compared to the control group (p = 0.000, and p = 0.000, respectively). While both groups contributed to the increase in muscular strentgth following 8 weeks of training, it was the RT that resulted in a larger magnitude of increase in strength.

Conclusion:

This study concluded that RT should be emphased in high performance athlete training while recognizing the potential benefit of WB-EMS in enhancing muscular strength.
Traumatic bicipitoradial bursitis masquerading as an aggressive soft tissue neoplasm of the cubital fossa
Authors: Lim Zhuang Li , Abdul-Karim Samihah
Published: November 2023

This case report discusses a sudden forearm swelling in an otherwise healthy elderly female, which was initially thought to be malignant following clinical examination and imaging studies. An incisional biopsy showed native bursal tissue – bicipitoradial bursitis. Diagnosing bicipitoradial bursitis is challenging due to its intrinsic anatomical rarity. Nevertheless, merely performing radiological imaging may not adequately confirm the diagnosis since some of the characteristic changes are similar to other pathologies such as a myotendinous tear, a neoplasm or an infection. A histopathological examination may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis.
A single bout of cycling exercise effects on short-term memory
Authors: Jawis Mohd Nidzan , Mohbin Najihah , Kueh Yee Cheng
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Exercise plays a role in enhancing neurogenesis and brain plasticity. Actively involved in musculoskeletal and cardiovascular activities at moderate intensity influences brain systems involved in working memory processes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of memorising before and after a single bout exercise on short-term memory.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 16 female university students with a mean age of 23.63 ± 1.46 years old were involved in this study. Participants completed a free recall test twice at pre- and post-exercise. The exercise session involved a single bout cycling ergometer at 50 watts while maintaining 60 rpm for 30 min and two five minutes periods of warm-up and cool down at 20 watts.

Results:

The percentage of words recalled in the free recall test post-exercise did not improve compared to pre-exercise. The percentage of immediate recency words recalled post-exercise (51.25 ± 21.87%) is higher than pre-exercise (48.75 ± 21.87%) but no significant difference compared to pre-exercise (p = 0.751). The percentage of words recalled post-exercise was correlated with heart rate during exercise (r = −0.59, p = 0.015).

Conclusions:

Participants with a higher heart rate during exercise had a lower percentage of words recalled at post compared to pre-exercise. However, a single bout of cycling exercise did not improve short-term memory.
Multivariate regression modeling of Chinese artistic gymnastic handspring vaulting kinematic performance based on judges scores
Authors: Thung Jin Seng , Gao Jianhong , Kok Lianyee
Published: November 2023

Introduction:

Vault kinematic variables have been found to be strongly correlated with vault difficulty (DV) values and judges' scores. However, the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique Code of Points (COP) was updated after every Olympic Games rendering previous regression models inadequate. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a prediction model for vault performance based on judges' scores.

Methods:

Handspring vaults (n = 70) were recorded during the Men's Artistic Gymnastic qualifying round of the 2017 China National Artistic Gymnastics Championship using a video camera placed 50 m perpendicular to the vault table. Kinematic data were coded and correlated with judges' official competition final scores (FSs). The vault samples were used to develop a mathematical model (n = 65) and to verify the scores against the predicted model (n = 5). Partial least squares regression was established using the statistical software to calibrate and cross validate the model.

Results:

The goodness-of-fit of a 3-factor model was utilised (R2
cal = 90.13% and R2
val = 87.30%) and a significant and strong relationship was observed between predicted Y (FS) and reference Y (FS) in both the calibration and validation models (rcal = 0.949, rval = 0.932) with Y-calibration error (RMSEC = 0.1727) and Y-prediction error (RMSEP = 0.1990). Maximum height, 2nd-flight-time and DV were the key variables against FS. Using JSPM, 40% of new samples were within the acceptable range.

Conclusion:

Kinematic variables and known DV seem adequate to form a JSPM that could offer coaches an alternative scientific approach to monitor vault training.
Pharmaceutical sponsors and contract research organization’s perception toward genetic data reuse for future research
Authors: Devarinti Revanasiddappa , Ganachari M. S.
Published: November 2023

Background:

Pharmaceutical sponsors and Contract research organization plays vital role in the preparation and implementation of clinical trials and give rise to ethical predicaments that pertain to various aspects such as general or genetic consent, optional research, storage and utilization of genetic data and specimens, as well as disclosure of research findings to study participants.

Objective:

The current investigation is to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of Clinical Research Organizations and Pharmaceutical Sponsors in relation to re-use of genetic research data for future research.

Study Participants and Methodology:

A cross-sectional study conducted on pharmaceutical sponsor and their representatives from the metro cities, India.

Results:

The present research encompassed N=50 of pharmaceutical sponsors and contract research organizations. Among these, 84% evinced cognizance regarding the re-use of genetic data in clinical trials. Furthermore, 62% of pharmaceutical sponsors and contract research organizations articulated apprehensions with respect to ethical and legal quandaries might arise due to the re-use of genomic data.

Discussion:

A considerable proportion of participants are a willingness to share and reuse genetic data for future studies. However, it is observed that the perception towards practice is low, particularly in relation to the return of genetic results and ethical concerns while storing genetic samples.

Conclusion:

There are presently no universally accepted international Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) guidelines in place for the management of genetic sampling and data at the global level. In India, however, ICMR regulations exist to provide direction for the use of biological materials and datasets in research.
Indonesian Eco-Ecclesiology: Defending Earth Against Ecological damage in Batak Land
Authors: Simangunsong Bestian , Aritonang Hanna Dewi , Sembiring Resmalem , Zebua Sisga , Nadeak Trivena
Published: November 2023

This study focuses on efforts to build an eco-ecclesiology of liberation in Indonesia. The idea of restoring the earth is based on Leonardo Boff's ecological spirituality and KSPPM's ecological praxis. Ecological damage is a logical consequence of exploitative-destructive attitudes and actions of humans. This study promotes the spirit of defending or protecting the earth from the clutches of ecological destruction in Batak Land, Indonesia. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a comparative study approach on the ecological work of Boff and KSPPM and serves as the basis for the development of liberating eco-ecclesiology. Ecology must become an integral part of Christian theology and it must offer a new perspective on the relationship between humans and the earth. The sacrifice of Christ who was crucified and suffered for the redemption of the world (John 3:16) should be a spirit for the Christian community to initiate strong multi-faith and cultural cooperation to save the earth which has been granted to us. The church is also responsible for building an eco-literacy movement as a manifestation of faith in the context of vast ecological destruction, thus, the church as an ecological community should embrace the earth and the oppressed people through a transformative diaconia which is inspired by the love of Jesus Christ as the Saviour of the world. The church must expand its ministry mandate to answer the struggles of all creation.
Religion and the English Language
Authors: Wallace Layne
Published: November 2023

In an article he intended to be an update of George Orwell’s Politics and the English Language, Arthur Schlesinger writes, “It takes a certain fortitude to pretend to amend Orwell on this subject” (Schlesinger, 1974: 553). Yes, amending Orwell on the subject of English usage takes fortitude, perhaps even hubris. So, it will not be attempted here. No, this essay is not an update of Orwell’s essay; it is an application of it to the field of religion. The argument presented here is that religious writers often misuse the English language, resulting in a lack of clarity and beauty. Importantly, those who write about the source of all beauty should not do so in ugly prose. The subject of an article should affect the aesthetic nature of the prose. Ugly prose to describe God is a misuse of the English language. Misuse of the English language in religious thought is both a result of poor thinking and a cause of it. The remedy is to put Orwell’s rules for writing into practice among religious writers and speakers. This article presents an argument that directly follows Orwell's observations and applies them to the field of religious studies.
Bivariate Chromatic Polynomials of Mixed Graphs
Authors: Beck Matthias , Kolhatkar Sampada
Published: November 2023

The bivariate chromatic polynomial $\chi_G(x,y)$ of a graph $G = (V, E)$,
introduced by Dohmen-P\"{o}nitz-Tittmann (2003), counts all $x$-colorings of
$G$ such that adjacent vertices get different colors if they are $\le y$. We
extend this notion to mixed graphs, which have both directed and undirected
edges. Our main result is a decomposition formula which expresses $\chi_G(x,y)$
as a sum of bivariate order polynomials (Beck-Farahmand-Karunaratne-Zuniga Ruiz
2020), and a combinatorial reciprocity theorem for $\chi_G(x,y)$.
Making first order linear logic a generating grammar
Authors: Slavnov Sergey
Published: November 2023

It is known that different categorial grammars have surface representation in
a fragment of first order multiplicative linear logic (MLL1). We show that the
fragment of interest is equivalent to the recently introduced extended tensor
type calculus (ETTC). ETTC is a calculus of specific typed terms, which
represent tuples of strings, more precisely bipartite graphs decorated with
strings. Types are derived from linear logic formulas, and rules correspond to
concrete operations on these string-labeled graphs, so that they can be
conveniently visualized. This provides the above mentioned fragment of MLL1
that is relevant for language modeling not only with some alternative syntax
and intuitive geometric representation, but also with an intrinsic deductive
system, which has been absent.
In this work we consider a non-trivial notationally enriched variation of the
previously introduced ETTC, which allows more concise and transparent
computations. We present both a cut-free sequent calculus and a natural
deduction formalism.