bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia in children: cascade screening from theory to practice
Authors: Galimova L. F. , Sadykova D. I. , Slastnikova E. S. , Usova N. E.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To conduct a cascade screening and to assess its effectiveness in the diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in children.

Material and methods. The study was conducted from January 2017 to August 2018 on the basis of the City Clinical Hospital № 7 and the Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital (Kazan, the Republic of Tatarstan). It consisted of identifying index cases — primary patients with FH with further examination of first- and second-degree relatives <18 years old. In adults, the diagnosis was established according to Dutch Lipid Clinic Network (DLCN) criteria): FH was diagnosed with a score of ≥6. In children and adolescents <6 years of age, the Simon Broome Registry criteria were used.

Results. During this period, 2542 case histories of patients with cardiovascular diseases were analyzed, of which 1220 people with a total cholesterol >5 mmol/L were selected. Next, a targeted screening was carried out aimed at the diagnosis of FH, as a result of which 61 index patients were identified. At the next stage, as a part of cascade screening, 87 first- and second-degree relatives <18 years old were examined. In 43 (49,4%) children, heterozygous HF was diagnosed, of which in 4 patients the disease was detected by re-examination after 1 year.

Conclusion. Cascade screening is a necessary and effective method for the diagnosis of АР in first- and second-degree relatives <18 years old. All children of the index patients should be monitored or genetic testing necessary to rule out FH. Today, it is important to increase awareness among clinicians about the diagnosis of FH in adults and children.
Prediction of the long-term risk of adverse cardiovascular events after an episode of acute coronary syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Nikitina E. A. , Meletev I. S. , Soloviev O. V. , Chicherina E. N.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To determine independent predictors of adverse cardiovascular events (ACE) and to develop a long-term (12 months) prognostic model after an episode of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Material and methods. The study included 120 T2D patients hospitalized due to ACS in the period from January 2016 to February 2017. All patients underwent standard diagnostic tests. Twelve months after ACS, the incidence of ACE in T2D patients was assessed: cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, emergency surgical revascularization. Additionally, we analyzed composite endpoint (CEP), including all of the adverse outcomes listed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=34) — patients with ACE; group 2 (n=86) — patients without ACE. Factors associated with the CEP were then included in the logistic regression to determine independent predictors of ACE. In order to predict the development of CEP in patients with ACS and T2D, a logit model was created. To process the model, a ROC analysis was performed.

Results. Independent factors associated with ACE for 12 months in T2D patients after an ACS were established: MI of moderate severity (D.M. Aronov classification); hypertriglyceridemia; decreased heart rate variability (SDNN <0 ms); segments with significant coronary stenosis in the amount of ≥3; no surgical revascularization during acute MI. Based on independent factors, a logit model was developed for assessing 12-month risk of ACE in T2D patients after an ACS.

Conclusion. The developed risk prediction model for T2D patients after ACS, based on accessible diagnostic tests, allows to determine the probability of ACE within 12 months.
Role of air pollution by particulate matter in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Prevention measures
Authors: Kolpakova A. F. , Sharipov R. N. , Volkova O. A. , Kolpakov F. A.
Published: July 2020

The review highlights contemporary concepts about the role of atmospheric air pollution by particulate matter (PM) in pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We used publications from the PubMed and Russian Science Citation Index databases. The influence of PM on the development and progression of CVD is considered depending on size, origin, chemical composition, concentration in air. PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2,5 μm (PM2,5) are recognized as the most dangerous. Epidemiological studies have established a dose-dependent effect PM. Oxidative stress, damage of genome of cell and epigenetic changes associated with PM effect are the important component of CVD pathogenesis. Systematization of scientific data through a formalized description helps to understand the pathogenesis of CVD and facilitates its practical use for assessing the risk of occurrence, early diagnosing, prognostication, increasing the effectiveness of treatment, and developing preventive measures.
Association of smoking status and smoking intensity with general and abdominal obesity in a sample of middle-aged men
Authors: Alexandrov A. A. , Rozanov V. B. , Dadaeva V. A. , Kotova M. B. , Ivanova E. I. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To assess the association of smoking status and smoking intensity with general and abdominal obesity in a sample of middle-a ged men.

Material and methods. This study was conducted as a part of the 32-year prospective cohort observation of males from childhood (11-12 years of age). The study included 301 (30,0%) representatives of the initial population sample aged 41-44 years. Age, anthropometric parameters, relationship of smoking status and smoking intensity with general (overweight/obesity) and abdominal obesity were analyzed.

Results. Overweight/obesity were more common in former smokers (78,1%) compared with non-smokers (58,7%; p<0,01). Abdominal obesity, estimated by the waist circumference (WC), was detected more often among former (57,5%) and current smokers (50,7%), and abdominal obesity, estimated by the waist-to-hip ratio, was more common among current smokers, compared with non-smokers (37,0%; p<0,01, p<0,05 and p<0,05 respectively). A direct linear relationship was found between the intensity of current smoking and indicators of abdominal obesity in terms of waist-to-hip ratio (P for trend=0,004) and a direct linear relationship between intensity of former smoking and general obesity estimated by BMI (P for trend = 0,001), and abdominal obesity estimated by waist-tohip ratio (P for trend=0,004). The probability of developing abdominal obesity in current smokers with WC≥94,0 cm and with waist-to-hip ratio ≥0,9 was 1,8 and 2 times higher, respectively, than in non-smokers, but lower compared to former smokers. The risk of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity in former smokers was 2,5 and 2,3 times higher, respectively, than in non-smokers. The 10-year risk of fatal CVD in nonsmokers and former smokers was lower than in current smokers (0,8% and 0,9% vs 1,8%; p<0,001 and p<0,001, respectively).

Conclusion. High intensity of smoking among current smokers is associated with a higher probability of developing abdominal obesity, and in former smokers — with a higher probability of developing general and abdominal obesity. Former smokers, compared to current smokers, are at a lower risk of developing fatal cardiovascular diseases. Smoking cessation activities should be aimed at minimizing weight gain after quitting smoking and developing tobacco control programs.
Telemedicine. “Childish” diseases or serious problems
Authors: Klochkov V. A.
Published: July 2020

For more than a century, attempts to use modern technologies for communication between doctors and patients who are far from medical facilities have continued. At first, this was actualized mainly for the diagnosis and treatment of emergency conditions and was very limited. Recent exponential progress of communication technologies and Internet in most remote places allow both providing quality consultation care and developing disease prevention programs, in particular screening. But, unfortunately, in traditional medical organization, these opportunities cannot be fully actualized. The search for optimal communication forms between a doctor and a patient is ongoing. There remain many unsolved problems of the interaction between state, insurance and private medicine. Nevertheless, the accumulated experience suggests that this very promising branch of medicine will be developed.
Angioplasty and carotid artery stenting: clinical and morphological factors affecting long-term outcomes
Authors: Shukurov F. B. , Bulgakova E. S. , Rudenko B. A. , Gavrilova N. E. , Tvorogova T. V. , Shanoyan A. S. , Suvorov A. Yu. , Feshchenko D. A. , Vasiliev D. K.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To identify clinical and morphological factors affecting the longterm outcomes of endovascular angioplasty and carotid artery stenting.

Material and methods. The analysis included 198 patients after carotid artery stenting between 03.2014 and 05.2018. There were following inclusion criteria: (1) 50% of symptomatic or 70% of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis of according to NASCET (North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial) criteria; (2) follow-up for each patient for at least 1 year. Using the univariate and multivariate logistic regression, risk factors associated with adverse events were determined.

Results. The incidence of major adverse events during the 12-month follow-up was 9,6% (n=19), including 4 (2%) major and 6 (3%) minor strokes, 7 (3,5%) cases of transient ischemic attack; one (0,5%) patient had transient blindness and one (0,5%) died in the long-term follow-up period due to acute cerebrovascular accident in the target arterial territory. Also, 11 (5,6%) patients had restenosis >50% after 12-month follow-up. Multivariate analysis showed that long-term outcomes were significantly affected by: age >70 years (odds ratio (OR)=1,27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1,07-1,61 (p=0,01); using of open-cell stents (OR=1,02, 95% CI: 1,01-1,03 (p=0,034)); contralateral stenosis (OR=1,28, 95% CI: 1,05-1,57 (p=0,01); lesion length >15 mm (OR=1,46, 95% CI: 1,12-1,89 (p=0,01)); residual stenosis <30% (OR=1,38, 95% CI: 1,09-1,49 (p=0,012)); complicated atherosclerotic plaque (OR=1,78, 95% CI: 1,21- 2,34 (p=0,007)). The development of in-stent restenosis was significantly influenced by factors such as the residual stenosis ><30% (OR=1,26, 95% CI: 1,1-1,65; p=0,017) and severe plaque calcification (OR=1,24, 95% CI: 1,04-1,31; p=0,02). Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the need for more careful preparation for endovascular intervention. Such factors as the use of open-cell stents, contralateral stenosis, lesion length >< 30% (OR=1,38, 95% CI: 1,09-1,49 (p=0,012)); complicated atherosclerotic plaque (OR=1,78, 95% CI: 1,21- 2,34 (p=0,007)). The development of in-stent restenosis was significantly influenced by factors such as the residual stenosis <30% (OR=1,26, 95% CI: 1,1-1,65; p=0,017) and severe plaque calcification (OR=1,24, 95% CI: 1,04-1,31; p=0,02).

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the need for more careful preparation for endovascular intervention. Such factors as the use of open-cell stents, contralateral stenosis, lesion length >15 mm, and residual stenosis < 30% may be associated with an increased risk of adverse events.
Questionnaires and scores for assessing medication adherence — advantages and disadvantages of the diagnostic method in research and actual clinical practice
Authors: Lukina Yu. V. , Kutishenko N. P. , Martsevich S. Yu. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2020

The problem of medication adherence is still relevant, and the search for a reliable method for its diagnosis continues. One of the most convenient and promising ways to assess medication adherence, both in research and actual clinical practice, is the use of various questionnaires and scores. Currently, several dozen different questionnaires and scores are presented in Russia and other countries. All of them are indirect methods of adherence assessment and are characterized by subjectivity. The article presents data on the most famous and widely used foreign adherence scales (the 4- and 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4 and MMAS-8), Hill-Bone, SEAMS, BMQ, MARS, etc.) and several questionnaires proposed by Russian authors (the National Society of Evidence-based Pharmacotherapy Adherence Scale, the Quantitative Adherence Questionnaire and the National Questionnaire of Treatment Compliance). The main characteristics of the described scales, their advantages, disadvantages and prospects for use in studies and clinical practice are considered. There are following conclusions: 1) none of the current questionnaires is devoid of subjectivity; 2) almost all questionnaires overestimate medication adherence, do not fully diagnose nonadherence, and often determine only specific type of adherence; 3) even validated questionnaires, which used in patients with different diseases in various countries, can have different values of sensitivity, specificity and reliability — from excellent to very poor; 4) in this regard, the results should be skeptically and cautiously interpreted; 5) in actual clinical practice, preference should be given to concise scales that include no more than 10 questions, with a  simple scoring system, preferably validated with using well-known criteria from large clinical trials; 6) to improve the diagnosis accuracy, usage of several available methods for assessing medication adherence is recommended.
Population-based preventive measures aimed at reducing alcohol consumption: international practice and prospects for escalating measures in the Russian Federation
Authors: Myrzamatova A. O. , Kontsevaya A. V. , Gorny B. E. , Drapkina O. M.
Published: July 2020

Aim. To conduct a review of international studies and guidelines on the implementation of population-based preventive measures aimed at reducing alcohol consumption, and identify measures recommended by the World Health Organization, which have the potential for use in the Russian Federation.

Material and methods. We used the following databases: PubMed, Science Citation Index, Scopus, The Campbell Collaboration Library of Systematic Reviews. The review includes systematic and non-systematic studies of measures related to alcohol consumption. The effectiveness of the identified measures was assessed according to the following criteria: behavioral changes (consumption/sales/level); incidence changes; mortality changes.

Results. According to international practice of population-based prevention, effective measures that can be implemented in the Russian Federation include reducing the blood alcohol concentration legal driving limit, increasing the minimum legal drinking age, a complete ban on alcohol advertising, and a further increase in excise taxes.

Conclusion. In the Russian Federation, significant progress has been achieved in implementing alcohol restriction measures, which has led to a reduction in its consumption and related consequences. Despite this, levels of alcohol consumption remain high and the potential for introducing population-based measures to reduce it has not been exhausted.
POTENCIALIDADES DO SISTEMA ARCU-SUL PARA A CONSTRUÇÃO DO MODELO REGIONAL DE RECONHECIMENTO DE TÍTULOS
Authors: SOUZA MARIANNE PEREIRA DE , REAL GISELLE CRISTINA MARTINS
Published: July 2020

RESUMO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as potencialidades da política regional de avaliação, configurada no Sistema de Acreditação de Cursos Universitários do Mercosul, para a construção de um modelo de reconhecimento de títulos. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa documental. Em que pesem indefinições acerca de questões importantes para a implementação da política regional, os dados evidenciam que os Estados Partes progrediram na construção de um mecanismo permanente de reconhecimento de títulos. Em síntese, o Sistema regional constitui uma estratégia de indução eficiente, uma vez que relaciona os resultados da acreditação com a regulação de diplomas. Desse modo, o Sistema do Mercosul possui potencial para determinar qualidade na educação superior e, consequentemente, induzir o reconhecimento de títulos nos países, a partir de um modelo regional.
Product development in technology based firms in innovation environments
Authors: Vargas Carlos Augusto França , Santos Silvio Aparecido dos , Plonski Guilherme Ary , Kuniyoshi Márcio Shoiti
Published: July 2020

Abstract: Technology based firms (TBFs) require innovative products to survive and compete in the market. The creation of products that sustain the competitiveness of companies depends directly on their product development process (PDP). The objective of this research was to investigate how PDP is carried out in TBFs in innovation environments. The research is qualitative, based on multiple case studies. Three companies in technology parks in the South and Southeast of Brazil were studied. The companies produced the following products: multiparametric monitor, an ondaleta and a microfiltration system. The key findings of the research were a lack of formal PDP planning and unstructured development processes. As a contribution, the study proposes that TBFs use a milestone strategy in the PDP microphases, guaranteeing greater efficiency in product development without the need to create rigid processes in project development. The study also highlights the importance of cooperation with clients and suppliers during the revision phases of PDP. The products resulting from PDP of the companies studied were identified as incremental innovation, novel for the national market, but with established technology on the international market. Future studies should assess the evolution and learning curve in the product development phase of TBFs.
Benthic macroinvertebrate communities in sites with native forest presence and absence in north Patagonia
Authors: Ríos-Escalante Patricio De los , Esse Carlos , Santander-Massa Rodrigo , Saavedra Pablo , Encina-Montoya Francisco
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT The benthic fauna in northern Patagonian streams is characterized by presence of water quality indicator species. The aim of the present study was characterized the benthic communities in streams associated to sites with presence of Nothofagus forests and with human intervention without Nothofagus forests using null models in ecology, unified neutral theory of biodiversity (UNTB) and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA). The results of species co-occurrence null model revealed that species associations are random, whereas the results of niche overlap null models revealed the presence of niche overlap. The UNTB results revealed low species number. The results of UPGMA revealed that species composition is specific for each site existing marked differences. The exposed results agree with results observed for central and northern Patagonian Chilean rivers, where the species composition is variable in according to surrounding basin properties and seasonal conditions.
VIABILITY OF THE USE OF AFRICAN MAHOGANY WITH CUPUASSU TREE IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM (AFS)
Authors: Alves Rafael Moysés , Chaves Saulo Fabrício da Silva , Bastos Abel Jamir Ribeiro
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to study the behavior of cupuassu trees intercropped with African mahogany in order to define the viability of using these species in AFS and to evaluate the performance of African mahogany itself, aiming its application in reforestation projects. Both species were tested in the municipality of Tomé Açu - PA, between 2005 and 2016. In addition to these two species, banana and black pepper were also part of the AFS initially. Four levels of influence of mahogany on cupuassu trees were evaluated, defined by the proximity between plants. The vegetative development of both species was measured, as well as the production of eight harvests and the mortality rate of the cupuassu trees. The results showed that the competition exerted by African mahogany did not affect the vegetative development of cupuassu trees. In the productive phase, up to the fourth harvest, the competition was not harmful as it didn’t reduce production. However, from the fifth harvest on, cupuassu trees closest to African mahogany trees showed a significant reduction in fruit production and, from the sixth harvest on, all plants were affected, regardless of proximity. On the other hand, consistent vegetative development of African mahogany was observed, which allows its use in silvicultural projects in this region. We concluded that African mahogany had a negative influence on cupuassu trees. Further studies are needed to assess whether the development of African mahogany economically compensates for the decline in cupuassu production.
Measles epidemiological profile in Brasil from 2013 to 2018
Authors: Costa Natália Rodrigues , Oneda Rafaella Menegazzo , Rohenkohl Cecília Albertoni , Saraiva Leonardo , Tanno Luciana Kase , Bassani Cíntia
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY BACKGROUND To determine the epidemiological profile of measles in Brasil from 2013 to 2018, and to evaluate the possible association between increased number of cases and vaccination coverage. METHODS This is an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study with quantitative approach, carried out through analysis of secondary data collected through the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), in the National Immunization Program (PNI). RESULTS The total number of reported cases was 10,886, with the year 2018 having the highest number (10,185). In the North macro-region (93.4%), male (55.53%), autochthonous cases from the city of residence (94.42%) and laboratory confirmation (99.09%) predominated. Regarding the age group, it was observed that in the period from 2013 to 2015 the highest prevalence occurred in <1 year, with 44.5%, 40.6% and 29.0%, respectively, while in 2018, the highest rate was in the 20-29 age group with 24.2%. Vaccination coverage was below 95%, except for SCR - D1 (first dose of triple viral) in the years 2013 to 2016. Regarding the outcome, there was a limited number of deaths secondary to measles (0.12%). CONCLUSIONS There was an exponential growth in the number of measles cases in Brasil in 2018, which represents a public health problem. In view of this, it is necessary to implement measures such as broad vaccination coverage and sanitary control at the borders, in order to reduce the incidence of this disease and, consequently, the number of deaths.
Association of BDNF gene polymorphism with endophenotypes in posttraumatic stress disorder
Authors: Guo Jun-Cheng , Li Xiang , Guo Min , Gao Yun-Suo , Fu Lin-Qiu , Jiang Xiang-Ling , Fu Lin-Mei , Huang Tao
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To explore the association of brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) polymorphism with the latent cognitive endophenotype of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after major natural disasters in Hainan Province, China. METHODS A total of 300 patients with PTSD and 150 healthy controls (HC) were surveyed by psychoanalysis scale to assess their cognitive functions. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were used to detect the BDNF gene polymorphism. RESULTS In terms of the cognitive function, the scores in the PTSD group were worse than those of the HC group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). There was a significant difference in the distribution of BDNF genotype and allele frequency between the two groups (P < 0.05). PTSD endophenotypes were significantly different among the BDNF genotypes in the PTSD group (P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSION There is a statistically significant difference in the polymorphism of BDNF gene between PTSD and HC groups, and the alleles are associated with the incidence of PTSD. Thus, it may be a risk factor for PTSD.
Prevalence of arterial hypertension and associated factors: a population-based study
Authors: Lavôr Layanne Cristina de Carvalho , Sousa Rosana Rodrigues de , Rodrigues Lays Arnaud Rosal Lopes , Rodrigues Filho Onias de Sousa , Paiva Adriana de Azevedo , Frota Karoline de Macêdo Gonçalves
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of hypertension in adults and analyze its association with socioeconomic, demographic, and lifestyle risk factors. METHODS Home-based cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted with adults of both sexes living in the cities of Teresina and Picos (PI). The prevalence of hypertension was estimated by self-reported diagnosis. The associations between hypertension and the following variables were tested: age, gender, skin color, education, family income, marital status, alcohol and cigarette consumption, physical activity, and nutritional status. RESULTS A total of 1,057 adult individuals with a mean age of 38.6 ± 11.5 years participated in the study, of which 62.3% were female. The prevalence of hypertension in the population was 16.4%. In the crude analysis, a significant association was observed between the prevalence of hypertension and factors such as older age, lower education, single marital status, brown skin color, smoking, and overweight (p < 0.05). However, after adjustments, only the associations with older age, brown skin color, sedentary lifestyle and overweight remained significant. CONCLUSION Older age, brown skin color, sedentary lifestyle, and the presence of overweight or obesity were significantly associated with hypertension. Among the modifiable risk factors, a sedentary lifestyle and overweight stand out as important for the genesis of hypertension, subject to intervention measures.
Mucosal bacterial vaccines in clinical practice – a novel approach to an old problem?
Authors: Machado João Neiva , Costa José Coutinho , Costa Teresa , Rodrigues Cidália
Published: July 2020

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of mucosal bacterial vaccines (MBV) in reducing the number of exacerbations in patients with chronic respiratory disease. METHODS A prospective cohort study of patients followed at the Pneumology Unit of the University and Hospital Centre of Coimbra, with frequent infectious exacerbations (3 or more) despite the best therapeutic strategies employed. MBV was used as additional therapy. The number of exacerbations 1 year before therapy and 1 year after it were analyzed. RESULTS A sample of 11 individuals, 45.5% male, mean age 62.5 years. Eight patients had non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, 2 COPD (1 on long-term oxygen therapy), and 1 patient with Mounier Kuhn’s syndrome. Three patients were on azithromycin, 1 on inhaled colistin, and 2 on inhaled tobramycin. Out of the 11 patients, one presented complication (fever), which led to a suspension of therapy (excluded from results). Of the 10 patients who completed treatment, 5 had bacterial colonization and were submitted to a custom vaccine. The remaining 6 completed the standard composition. The average of infectious exacerbations in the previous year was 4.3 (0.7 with hospitalization). In the year after therapy, the mean number was 1.5 (0.5 with hospitalization). CONCLUSION The results obtained in this study favor the use of bacterial immunostimulation to reduce the frequency of RRIs in patients with chronic respiratory disease.
Chega de Silêncio
Authors: Arguello Katie Silene Cáceres , Horst Juliana de Oliveira
Published: July 2020

Resumo: Neste trabalho, usando o levantamento bibliográfico como metodologia, buscamos analisar a importância acadêmica, para o campo da criminologia, dos relatos de experiências produzidos por mulheres. Primeiramente, a partir de Sandra Harding, veremos como a exclusão de mulheres e de seus relatos da produção dos saberes está ligada à invisibilização de certos fenômenos sociais, inclusive criminais. Nesse ponto, também apresentaremos a relevância, tanto para a criminologia, quanto para o feminismo, do critério de necessidade elaborado por Eugenio Zaffaroni. Em um segundo momento, de acordo com narrativas de mulheres encarceradas trazidas, principalmente, por Debora Diniz e Nana Queiroz, identificaremos conceitos feministas e situações de opressão de gênero que devem ser trazidos para a criminologia para que esta compreenda a criminalidade feminina e seus efeitos de forma mais ampla.
Aspectos físico-químicos de genótipos de Passiflora alata Curtis
Authors: Borges Rafael Mesquita , Alencar Ernandes Rodrigues de , Costa Ana Maria , Junqueira Nilton Tadeu Vilela
Published: July 2020

Resumo O maracujá-doce (Passiflora alata Curtis) produz frutos comercializados para consumo in natura com aroma agradável, baixa acidez e elevados teores de sólidos solúveis totais. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar aspectos físico-químicos de frutos obtidos dos diferentes genótipos de P. alata. Foram avaliados os frutos de 14 genótipos previamente selecionados. Avaliaram-se o rendimento de polpa com e sem sementes, a composição química, teores de potássio e de sódio, pH, acidez total titulável, teor de sólidos solúveis totais, ratio, teores de compostos fenólicos e de flavonoides e cor. O experimento foi delineado em blocos casualizados (DBC) com quatro repetições. Foi realizada análise de variância e posteriormente teste de Scott-Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. Os genótipos 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13 e 14 se destacaram pelos maiores valores de ratio, sendo superiores a 11,0. Por outro lado, os genótipos 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12 e 13 apresentaram rendimento de polpa com semente acima de 18,0%. No que se refere aos compostos bioativos, destacaram-se os genótipos 1 e 7, em função dos teores de compostos fenólicos e de flavonoides, respectivamente. Os genótipos, obtidos a partir das seleções, demonstram a alta variabilidade na composição química da polpa e no conjunto de aspectos físicos e químicos do maracujá-doce.
Vitamin C stability in acerola and camu-camu powder obtained by spray drying
Authors: Garcia Vitor Augusto dos Santos , Borges Josiane Gonçalves , Vanin Fernanda Maria , Carvalho Rosemary Aparecida de
Published: July 2020

Abstract Acerola and camu-camu fruits possess high vitamin C content. However, since these fruits are little consumed in their fresh form, it is important to consider that vitamin C can be oxidized depending on storage conditions. Thus, this study aimed to produce acerola and camu-camu powders by spray drying to maintain the stability of their vitamin C content during storage. Acerola and camu-camu powders were characterized in relation to their physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and vitamin C concentration and stability under different storage conditions (30 °C and 40 °C, 75% relative humidity). In general, the powders were proven to be stable, with low water activity (< 0.40) and humidity (< 4.0 g/100 g powder), as well as high vitamin C concentrations (1593.2 and 6690.4 mg/100 g of powder for acerola and camu-camu, respectively). Furthermore, we observed a high antioxidant activity by ABTS●+, DPPH• and FRAP assays. The powders stored at lower temperature (30 °C) showed higher vitamin C stability. In conclusion, acerola and camu-camu powders produced by spray drying are potential sources of vitamin C and active compounds and are therefore suitable for several food industry applications.
The Children’s and the Teacher’s Participation in the Constitution of Playing in School
Authors: Martins Cristiane Amorim , Cruz Silvia Helena Vieira
Published: July 2020

Abstract Considering the relations between play and child development and the marginalization of play at school, evidenced in previous studies, this case study aimed to analyze children’s and teacher’s participation in the constitution of playing in a public nursery school in Fortaleza. The following procedures were adopted: observation of the class (composed of 24 low-income children) routine; semi-structured interview; elaboration and explanation of drawings; story to be completed; and symbolic game, with analysis both of this game and of play experienced at school along with the children. Analysis of the data collected allowed concluding that the sort of play valued by the teacher is that which is planned and conducted by her aiming at learning and training skills. Free play, valued by children, is seen by her as “a mess.” The absence of critical reflection on the adult-centered posture of society, plus to the scarcity of knowledge of the relations between play and child development, compromise the quality of the teacher’s work.
NUMBER OF CASES OF VARICELLA AND HOSPITALIZATION IN A PEDIATRIC REFERENCE HOSPITAL IN BRAZIL AFTER INTRODUCING THE VACCINE
Authors: Pinto Isabella Cristina Tristão , Diniz Lilian Martins Oliveira , Carvalho Ludymila Keren de , Resende Leonardo Santos , Silva Henrique Botelho de Abreu e , Araújo Roberto Ferreira de Almeida , Maia Marcelle Marie Martins , Ribeiro José Geraldo Leite
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the number of cases and the profile of hospitalizations from varicella after the introduction of the measles, mumps, rubella and varicella combination vaccine in the public health system. Methods: Retrospective study in an infectious diseases pediatric hospital of reference in Southeast Brazil. The cases with a clinical diagnosis of varicella, from January 2011 to June 2016, were assessed from pediatricians’ medical records. The hospitalizations were classified into a pre-vaccine group and post-vaccine group, based on the date the vaccine was introduced (September 2013). Both groups were compared by age, sex, time of hospitalization, reason for hospitalization, hospital complications, duration of intensive care, and clinical outcome. Results: A total of 830 hospitalizations were recorded; 543 in the pre-vaccine period and 287 in the post-vaccine period, a reduction of 47.1% (p<0.001). In both periods, a similar profile in the hospitalizations was noticed: majority male; aged between one to five years old; most complications due to secondary causes (mainly skin infections); main outcome was clinical improvement and discharge from the hospital. In the pre-vaccine period, six deaths were recorded and two were recorded in the post-vaccine period. Conclusions: The profile of the hospitalizations was expected to stay the same since this study did not compare vaccinated with unvaccinated children, but hospitalizations before and after the vaccine was introduced. In accordance with the medical literature, we found a significant fall in the number of hospitalizations from varicella.
INCIDENCE OF SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE NEONATES, ACCORDING TO THE FENTON AND INTERGROWTH-21ST CURVES IN A LEVEL II MATERNITY
Authors: Barreto Claudia Malisano , Pereira Marley Aparecida Lambert , Rolim Anna Carolina Boni , Abbas Samira Ali , Langhi Junior Dante Mario , Santos Amélia Miyashiro Nunes dos
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the incidence of small for gestational age infants among late preterm and term newborns, using the Fenton and Intergrowth-21st curves. Methods: Observational and retrospective study with newborns in a level II maternity. The study was approved by the Institution’s Ethics Committee. Live births from July 2007 to February 2009 with a gestational age from 34 to 41 weeks and seven days were included. Neonates with incomplete data were excluded. Appropriate weight for gestational age was assessed by the Fenton and Intergrowth-21st intrauterine growth curves, considering birth weight <10th percentile as small for gestational age. The degree of agreement between the two curves was assessed by the Kappa coefficient. Numerical variables were compared using the Student t-test or the Mann-Whitney. Categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS17® software, considering significant, p<0.05. Results: We included 2849 newborns with a birthweight of 3210±483 g, gestational age of 38.8±1.4 weeks; 51.1% male. The incidence of small for gestational age in the full sample was 13.0 vs. 8.7% (p<0.001, Kappa=0.667) by the Fenton and Intergrowth-21st curves, respectively. Among late preterm, the incidence of small neonates was 11.3 vs. 10.9% (p<0.001; Kappa=0.793) and among full-term infants it was 13.1% vs. 8.5% (p<0.001; Kappa=0.656), respectively for the Fenton and Intergrowth-21st curves. Conclusions: The incidence of small for gestational age newborns was significantly higher using the Fenton curve, with greater agreement between the Fenton and Intergrowth-21st curves among late preterm, compared to full term neonates.
SEVERE ACUTE TOXIC EXPOSURES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: CASE SERIES
Authors: Anjos Daniela Brianne Martins dos , Ricardi Adriana Safioti Toledo , Fernandes Carla Fernanda Borrasca , Prado Camila Carbone , Capitani Eduardo Mello De , Bucaretchi Fábio
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe a case series of severe acute toxic exposures (SATE) in individuals <20 years old followed-up by a regional Poison Control Center (PCC). Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. All patients who were <20yo and classified as score 3 (severe) and 4 (fatal) following Poisoning Severity Score were included for analysis. According to the outcome, patients were classified as PSS 3 when they developed intense clinical manifestations with risk of death or important sequelae; and as PSS 4 when death had resulted from direct cause or complication of the initial exposure. The data of patients were obtained from the Brazilian electronic database system (DATATOX). Results: During the biennium 2014-2015, Campinas PCC followed up 5,095 patients <20yo, with 30 being classified as SATE (PSS=3, n=24; PSS=4, n=6). The exposures circumstances were unintentional (15); intentional (14; suicide attempt = 11; street drugs consumption = 3); and not explained (1). The exposures were significantly more frequent in adolescents >14yo (n=17; p<0.01). The involved agents were venomous animals (8; scorpions=5); medicines (8; miscellaneous=6); chemicals (6); illegal rodenticides containing acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (chumbinho, 4); drugs of abuse (3); button battery (1). Three patients evolved with sequels (esophageal stricture post-corrosive ingestion). The median length of hospital stay was 6 days (IQR: 5-12 days); 26 patients were treated in intensive care units, and 22 of them needed mechanical ventilation; 12, inotropic/vasopressors; and 3, renal replacement therapy. Conclusions: Scorpion stings and poisonings caused by medicines and chemicals were the main causes of SATE. The SATE were significantly more frequent in adolescents, due to deliberate self-poisoning.
“But When do I do Critical Literacy?” Perspectives for Designing Critical Literacy Activities in EFL Classrooms
Authors: Caetano Érika Amâncio
Published: July 2020

Abstract This paper aims to present a set of principles for the design of critically grounded activities for English classes in regular school settings. Such principles are based on the pillars of critical literacy according to renowned linguists and scholars of the area, as well as pre-established criteria proposed by Richards (2001) and adapted by Rashidi (2011) for critical-pedagogical practice. A brief contextualization will be presented, as well as theoretical foundations for the organization of such criteria. Following this moment, two practical examples, based on the Brazilian context, will be presented in order to demonstrate the applicability of these theories in language classes at regular schools. The directions hereby proposed are aimed at guiding ELT teachers’ reflections as they try to implement critically based activities in their classrooms.
Comportamento suicida e estratégias de prevenção sob a ótica de professores
Authors: Brito Mara Dalila Leandro de Sousa , Silva Júnior Fernando José Guedes da , Costa Ana Paula Cardoso , Sales Jaqueline Carvalho e Silva , Gonçalves Angélica Martins de Souza , Monteiro Claudete Ferreira de Souza
Published: July 2020

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar conhecimentos sobre comportamento suicida e estratégias de prevenção adotadas por professores do ensino fundamental. Método Estudo qualitativo, apoiado na pesquisa-ação, realizado em escola pública do município de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil. Participaram nove professores de ensino fundamental. Realizaram-se três encontros, uma reunião de negociação e dois seminários temáticos. Os discursos foram submetidos à análise temática. Resultados O conhecimento dos professores acerca do comportamento suicida envolveu identificação dos sinais de alerta, tendo a automutilação como atitude suicida mais recorrente. Como estratégias apontaram a necessidade de prevenção por meio da identificação do aluno em risco, da observação, do diálogo, do monitoramento e utilização de redes de apoio. Os desafios elencados pelos professores foram a inabilidade na identificação e associação dos sinais de alerta com o comportamento suicida, a dificuldade na abordagem do aluno em crise, a ausência de equipe de saúde mental nas escolas e de temas transversais nos currículos escolares. Conclusão e implicações para a prática Observa-se a necessidade de ações voltadas para a capacitação desses profissionais, tendo em vista sua posição privilegiada para promoção de ambientes saudáveis, bem como para prevenção e identificação dos adolescentes em risco, com manejo adequado e encaminhamento compartilhado aos serviços de saúde.
ROLE OF EMPOWERMENT AND IDENTIFICATION WITH WORK TEAMS IN INNOVATION CLIMATE
Authors: RAMÍREZ MANUEL FERNANDO MONTOYA , OSTOS JHONY , ARTEAGA ARTURO RODOLFO SAENZ
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT Several studies argue that an organizational climate oriented to promote innovation generates greater competitiveness in companies. However, very few researchers have explored the factors that lead to the formation of innovation climate and their effects on workers’ performance. Based on a sample of 201 workers from manufacturing and service companies, an analysis was carried out to examine the influence of variables like empowerment and Identification with work teams in innovation climate. Furthermore, the influence of innovation climate on job performance and work commitment was analyzed. The results indicate that there is a positive relationship among the variables of the hypotheses, empowerment and Identification with work teams influence in innovation climate, and the latter influences work performance and work commitment
Dependência de empregada: tradição nos edifícios de apartamentos do bairro Farol em Maceió, AL
Authors: Lima Jéssica Caroline Rodrigues de , Toledo Alexandre Márcio
Published: July 2020

Resumo A presença da empregada doméstica nos lares brasileiros de alta e média renda é um fator cultural. Com o crescente processo de verticalização, os edifícios de apartamentos incluíram a dependência de empregada no setor de serviço e com acesso distinto do social. O objetivo do presente artigo é traçar a trajetória da dependência de empregada nos edifícios multifamiliares altos construídos no tradicional bairro Farol (ZR 7 e ZR8), na cidade de Maceió, AL, durante o período de 1960 a 2010. Utilizou-se como banco de dados pesquisas realizadas pelo gEPA/FAU/UFAL. Observou-se que, nas décadas de 1960 e 1970, todos os apartamentos no bairro possuíam dependência de empregada; apenas na década de 1980 surgiu o primeiro edifício de apartamentos com dormitório reversível. Na década de 1990, a dependência de empregada permaneceu nas tipologias de apartamentos de 3 e 4 dormitórios e somente durante a década de 2000 surgiram os primeiros apartamentos sem dependência de empregada. Conclui-se que a presença da dependência de empregada prevaleceu sobre a oferta de apartamentos produzidos nas cinco décadas analisadas, e que as mudanças anunciadas pela legislação trabalhista de 1988 não alteraram ainda a oferta do mercado imobiliário para usuários de rendas mais elevadas.
Projetar o ambiente construído com base em princípios ergonômicos
Authors: Sarmento Thaisa Sampaio , Villarouco Vilma
Published: July 2020

Resumo Os estudos de ergonomia visam adequar os ambientes às atividades desenvolvidas e aos anseios dos usuários. Historicamente, os estudos da ergonomia aplicada ao ambiente construído registram o foco direcionado às análises de situações existentes. Entretanto, recentes pesquisas vêm incorporando princípios de ergonomia no fazer projetual, como estratégia de antecipação de problemas, e permitindo a participação dos usuários nos processos decisórios. Este artigo aborda o processo de sistematização de etapas projetuais do ambiente construído, baseado em princípios ergonômicos. O objetivo é demonstrar como métodos de projeto podem ser enriquecidos, a fim de inserir os usuários finais em etapas projetuais, atendendo-os em suas necessidades e anseios. A metodologia utilizada é baseada em design science research (DRESCH; LACERDA; ANTUNES JUNIOR, 2015) e em duas abordagens ergonômicas: a metodologia ergonômica para o ambiente construído (VILLAROUCO, 2009, 2011) e as etapas de projetação ergonômicas de Attaianese e Duca (2012). São apresentadas abordagens teóricas e projetuais, parâmetros projetuais de ergonomia aplicados ao ambiente construído. Os resultados apontaram para uma forma de pensar o projeto baseado na compreensão de problemas pré-existentes, na participação ativa dos usuários e na adequação dos ambientes às atividades que nele serão desenvolvidas.
A relação entre bem-estar e resiliência na habitação social: um estudo sobre os impactos existentes
Authors: Araujo Geovanna Moreira , Villa Simone Barbosa
Published: July 2020

Resumo As habitações entregues pelos programas governamentais apresentam grandes limitações de sua qualidade arquitetônica e urbanística, atendendo de maneira mínima as necessidades básicas dos usuários, gerando uma negativa noção de bem-estar. Além disso, tais habitações respondem de forma precária aos diversos impactos sofridos e não promove uma adaptação positiva nos espaços da unidade habitacional. O estudo desses fenômenos e a proposição de caminhos para sua melhoria têm demonstrado haver uma lacuna do conhecimento, a qual pretendemos preencher. Nesse cenário, o trabalho tem por objetivo principal investigar a relação entre a resiliência no ambiente construído e o bem-estar dos moradores em HIS sob a ótica do Five Ways to Wellbeing, disponibilizando soluções e estratégias para sua obtenção orientadas aos usuários. Para isso, foi elaborado um instrumento de avaliação pós-ocupação por meio de ferramenta computacional, aplicados em dois estudo de caso na cidade de Uberlândia. Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados do trabalho, focando na sua fundamentação teórica, definição de indicadores de bem-estar e avaliação de impactos percebidos em um estudo de caso. As principais contribuições dos resultados parciais para o conhecimento científico sobre o tema demonstram a relação direta entre a resiliência e o bem-estar, além da constatação de que os impactos incidentes nos ambientes estudados são frequentes, indicando a baixa resiliência do ambiente construído.
Avaliação pós-ocupação da qualidade na habitação por meio do aplicativo “Como você mora?”: estudo de caso na cidade de Uberlândia
Authors: Villa Simone Barbosa , Bruno Dominique Cunha , Santos Ana Luísa Trevisan dos
Published: July 2020

Resumo O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar parte da pesquisa “COMO VOCÊ MORA: Sistema Interativo de Avaliação Pós-Ocupação da Qualidade do Habitar em Meios Digitais”, expondo um estudo de caso a partir da avaliação pós-ocupação realizada por meio de um aplicativo. A pesquisa em questão representa um projeto de inovação tecnológica realizado através da parceria entre a Faculdade de Computação e a Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Design, da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, cujos resultados principais incluem o desenvolvimento de aplicativo/questionário interativo intitulado “Como Você Mora”, conectado a um banco de dados de gerenciamento de avaliações pós-ocupacionais (APOs), denominado “Sistema APO Digital”. O artigo pretende utilizar-se de um dos testes de validação do aplicativo/ questionário, para demonstrar os tipos e padrões de dados coletados pelo sistema, suas possíveis análises em estudo de caso, além de apresentar o próprio aplicativo. Os avanços tecnológicos propostos contribuem para a ampliação da qualidade dos dados obtidos e do envolvimento do usuário no momento da aplicação do questionário. Desse modo, espera-se que os resultados da pesquisa favoreçam uma melhora na qualidade das habitações.